bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DESLOCAMENTOS POPULACIONAIS E SUAS REPERCUSSÕES NO FUNDO DE PARTICIPAÇÃO DOS MUNICÍPIOS: UMA ANÁLISE COM BASE NA DINÂMICA DEMOGRÁFICA PÓS-2000 NO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Allebrandt Sérgio Luís , Mueller Airton Adelar , Prediger Reneo Pedro , Ribas Taciana Angélica Moraes , Kruger Roseli Fistarol , Sartori Luiz Raul
Published: October 2021

Em mais da metade dos municípios do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul diminuiu a população no período decorrido entre os censos demográficos de 2000 e 2010.  As estimativas populacionais para os anos que seguiram, até o ano de 2017, mostram que tal realidade persiste. Em linhas gerais, o fenômeno atinge particularmente as áreas oeste e norte do estado, ao passo que na região leste existe um contingente de municípios que apresentou expressivo aumento populacional nesse período. O presente estudo caracteriza este fenômeno e busca analisar efeitos dessas perdas e/ou ganhos populacionais sobre as transferências de recursos do Fundo de Participação dos Municípios (FPM), uma vez que o tamanho populacional é critério definidor do rateio destes recursos. Dentre os resultados, destaca-se que esta dinâmica demográfica pode acarretar mudanças na classificação dos municípios quanto às faixas do FPM e, sobretudo, distorções do valor per capita distribuído entre esses entes federativos.
DESENVOLVIMENTO SOCIAL E ECONÔMICO: OS IMPACTOS DO TURISMO NO MUNICÍPIO DE ILHABELA/SP
Authors: Pereira Keissiane Tcharla Bragantin , Vieira Edson Trajano , Galvão Jr. Lourival da Cruz , Dos Santos Moacir José
Published: October 2021

A atividade turística é economicamente representativa no município de Ilhabela/SP. O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar os impactos da atividade turística no desenvolvimento social e econômico no município. A metodologia aplicada consistiu em abordagem qualitativa com atores sociais representativos desta atividade econômica em Ilhabela, abordagem quantitativa para averiguar as expectativas e percepções da população local e comparação dos resultados com dados e indicadores sociais e econômicos. Constatou-se que o turismo define o desenvolvimento econômico e social do município, pois as condições presentes em Ilhabela decorrem da urbanização turística e do delineamento das atividades locais para atender os visitantes. Constatou-se a necessidade de políticas públicas voltadas a redução das assimetrias sociais relacionadas ao impacto do turismo no município, especialmente a urbanização turística.
As recomendações para a participação de atletas transgênero no esporte
Authors: Garcia Rafael Marques , Pereira Erik Giuseppe Barbosa
Published: October 2021

Neste ensaio, pretendemos descrever e refletir sobre o desenvolvimento das recomendações esportivas que versam sobre a participação de atletas transgênero no esporte. Perguntamos: como vêm se desenvolvendo tais recomendações, por quem e em quais localidades? Pudemos inferir que, mesmo as recomendações esportivas sendo elaboradas por especialistas na temática e através de dados científicos, o assunto “transgênero no esporte” não é inovador, carecendo de mais investigações no campo empírico e acionando unicamente a testosterona como principal hormônio anabólico responsável pelas diferenças entre homens e mulheres cisgênero, entendimento que é estendido para o rendimento de corpos transgêneros de forma ainda pouco conclusiva.
Precautions for breast ultrasound examination following COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Ha Su Min , Chang Jung Min
Published: October 2021

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine-induced lymphadenopathy is a critical side effect that should be a concern to clinicians, patients, radiologists, and oncologists. Vaccine-induced lymphadenopathy causes a diagnostic dilemma, especially for breast radiologists who examine both axillary regions during breast ultrasound examinations. Appropriate imaging guidelines are needed to manage vaccine-induced lymphadenopathy for patients undergoing screening examinations or symptomatic patients, including cancer patients.Current Concepts: For patients with axillary lymphadenopathy in the setting of recent ipsilateral vaccination, clinical follow-up is recommended. In other scenarios, short-term follow-up axillary ultrasound examinations are recommended if the clinical concerns persist for more than 6 weeks after vaccination. To mitigate the diagnostic dilemma of vaccine-induced lymphadenopathy, patients should schedule screening imaging examinations before the first vaccination or at least six weeks following the second vaccination. For clinicians and radiologists, documenting the patients’ vaccination status is critical to decreasing unnecessary follow-up imaging, biopsies, and patient’s anxiety.Discussion and Conclusion: Our proposal can help reduce patient anxiety, provider burden, and costs of unnecessary evaluation of enlarged lymph nodes in the setting of recent COVID-19 vaccination. Further, it can avoid delays in vaccination and breast cancer screening during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale used in South Korea
Authors: Oh Rora , Khang Young-Ho , Kim Yu-Mi
Published: October 2021

Background: The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), a validated screening tool for prenatal and postnatal depression, was included as a reimbursable item by the National Health Insurance Service of Korea in 2020. However, multiple Korean versions of the EPDS are used for public health programs and research. This study aimed to summarize the use of this scale in Korea and evaluate the distribution of validities, depression scores, and prevalence of depression according to Korean versions of the EPDS.Methods: Korean versions of the EPDS most frequently used in public health policies and programs were summarized through internet searches using snowball strategy. A systematic literature review was conducted to evaluate the prenatal and postnatal depression scores and prevalence of depression measured using different Korean versions of the scale.Results: We identified four Korean versions of the EPDS that are commonly used in public health programs and research. Among them, published evidence regarding validity and reliability was available for two versions. A review of 19 papers that assessed prenatal and postnatal depression using these versions showed large heterogeneity in scores and the prevalence of depression.Conclusion: When measuring prenatal and postnatal depression using the EPDS, characteristics of the scale must be considered when interpreting results. A standardized Korean version of the EPDS needs to be developed by comparing the validity and reliability of different Korean versions. A field manual for screening should also be developed and distributed.
Mapping the AI Investment Activities of Top Global Defense Companies
Authors:   Center for Security and Emerging Technology, Luong Ngor , Gelles Rebecca , Flagg Melissa
Published: October 2021

Militaries around the world have often relied on the largest global defense companies to acquire and integrate cutting-edge technologies. This issue brief examines the investment and mergers and acquisition activities in artificial intelligence of the top 50 global defense companies — a key, if limited, approach to accessing AI innovation in the commercial sector — and assesses investment trends of their corporate venture capital subsidiaries and offers a geographic breakdown of defense companies and their AI target companies.
Technical note: AQMEII4 Activity 1: evaluation of wet and dry deposition schemes as an integral part of regional-scale air quality models
Authors: Galmarini Stefano , Makar Paul , Clifton Olivia E. , Hogrefe Christian , Bash Jesse O. , Bellasio Roberto , Bianconi Roberto , Bieser Johannes , Butler Tim , Ducker Jason , Flemming Johannes , Hodzic Alma , Holmes Christopher D. , Kioutsioukis Ioannis , Kranenburg Richard , Lupascu Aurelia , Perez-Camanyo Juan Luis , Pleim Jonathan , Ryu Young-Hee , San Jose Roberto , Schwede Donna , Silva Sam , Wolke Ralf
Published: October 2021

Abstract. We present in this technical note the research protocol for phase 4 of the
Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII4). This
research initiative is divided into two activities, collectively having three
goals: (i) to define the current state of the science with respect to
representations of wet and especially dry deposition in regional models,
(ii) to quantify the extent to which different dry deposition
parameterizations influence retrospective air pollutant concentration and
flux predictions, and (iii) to identify, through the use of a common set of
detailed diagnostics, sensitivity simulations, model evaluation, and
reduction of input uncertainty, the specific causes for the current range of
these predictions. Activity 1 is dedicated to the diagnostic evaluation of
wet and dry deposition processes in regional air quality models (described
in this paper), and Activity 2 to the evaluation of dry deposition point
models against ozone flux measurements at multiple towers with multiyear
observations (to be described in future submissions as part of the special
issue on AQMEII4). The scope of this paper is to present the scientific
protocols for Activity 1, as well as to summarize the technical information
associated with the different dry deposition approaches used by the
participating research groups of AQMEII4. In addition to describing all
common aspects and data used for this multi-model evaluation activity, most
importantly, we present the strategy devised to allow a common process-level
comparison of dry deposition obtained from models using sometimes very
different dry deposition schemes. The strategy is based on adding detailed
diagnostics to the algorithms used in the dry deposition modules of existing
regional air quality models, in particular archiving diagnostics specific to land use–land cover
(LULC) and creating standardized LULC categories to
facilitate cross-comparison of LULC-specific dry deposition parameters and
processes, as well as archiving effective conductance and effective flux as
means for comparing the relative influence of different pathways towards the
net or total dry deposition. This new approach, along with an analysis of
precipitation and wet deposition fields, will provide an unprecedented
process-oriented comparison of deposition in regional air quality models.
Examples of how specific dry deposition schemes used in participating models
have been reduced to the common set of comparable diagnostics defined for
AQMEII4 are also presented.
Climate signals in stable carbon and hydrogen isotopes of lignin methoxy groups from southern German beech trees
Authors: Wieland Anna , Greule Markus , Roemer Philipp , Esper Jan , Keppler Frank
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Stable hydrogen and carbon isotope ratios of wood lignin methoxy groups (δ13CLM and δ2HLM values) have been shown to be reliable proxies of past temperature variations. Previous studies showed that δ2HLM values even work in temperate environments where classical tree-ring width and maximum latewood density measurements are less skilful. Here, we analyse annually resolved δ13CLM values from 1916–2015 of four beech trees (Fagus sylvatica) from a temperate site near Hohenpeißenberg in southern Germany and compare these data with regional to continental scale climate observations. Initial δ13CLM values were corrected for the Suess effect (a decrease of δ13C in atmospheric CO2) and physiological tree responses to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations considering a range of published discrimination factors. The calibration of δ13CLM chronologies against instrumental data reveals highest correlations with regional summer (r = 0.68) and mean annual temperatures (r = 0.66), as well as previous-year September to current-year August temperatures (r = 0.61), all calculated from 1916–2015 and reaching p < 0.001. Additional calibration trials using detrended δ13CLM values and climate data, to constrain effects of autocorrelation on significance levels, returned rsummer = 0.46 (p < 0.001), rannual = 0.25 (p < 0.05) and rprev.Sep–Aug = 0.18 (p > 0.05). The new δ13CLM chronologies were finally compared with previously produced δ2HLM values of the same trees to evaluate the additional gain of assessing past climate variability using a dual-isotope approach. Compared to δ13CLM, δ2HLM values correlates substantially stronger with large-scale temperatures averaged over western Europe (rprev.Sep–Aug = 0.69), whereas only weak and mainly insignificant correlations are obtained between precipitation and both isotope chronologies (δ13CLM and δ2HLM values). Our results indicate great potential of using δ13CLM values from temperate environments as a proxy for local temperatures, and in combination with δ2HLM values, to assess regional to sub-continental scale temperature patterns.
A new finite element approach to model microscale strain localization within olivine aggregates
Authors: Furstoss Jean , Petit Carole , Ganino Clément , Bernacki Marc , Pino-Muñoz Daniel
Published: October 2021

Abstract. This paper presents a new mesoscopic full field approach for the modeling of microstructural evolutions and mechanical behavior of olivine
aggregates. The mechanical framework is based on a reduced crystal plasticity (CP) formulation which is adapted to account for non-dislocation glide
strain-accommodating mechanisms in olivine polycrystals. This mechanical description is coupled with a mixed velocity–pressure finite element (FE)
formulation through a classical crystal plasticity finite element method (CPFEM) approach. The microstructural evolutions, such as grain boundary
migration and dynamic recrystallization, are also computed within a FE framework using an implicit description of the polycrystal through the
level-set approach. This numerical framework is used to study the strain localization, at the polycrystal scale, on different types of pre-existing shear zones for
thermomechanical conditions relevant to laboratory experiments. We show that both fine-grained and crystallographic textured pre-existing bands
favor strain localization at the sample scale. The combination of both processes has a large effect on strain localization, which emphasizes the
importance of these two microstructural characteristics (texture and grain size) on the mechanical behavior of the aggregate. Table 1 summarizes the list of the acronyms used in the following.
Project-Based Learning and Doctoral Student Research Skill Development: A Case Study
Authors: Dana Nancy Fichtman , Rigney James , Vescio Vicki , Ma Vera Wei
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study was to understand the ways doctoral students in an online Ed.D. program developed their skills as practitioner researchers through a project-based learning (PBL) experience. In order to describe and analyze the nature of the students’ PBL experiences, case study methodology was used. Interviews, a video-recording of a two-hour synchronous class session, and student generated artifacts were iteratively analyzed by a team of researchers. Results reveal underlying tensions within three case themes: individual versus collective learning, simulated versus real research experience, and public class activity versus private group conversations. These findings demonstrate that Ed.D. program area faculty must balance the competing tensions raised by these case themes in order to facilitate research skill development and foster the ability of their students to grow as practitioner scholars.
Inteligencia artificial aplicada al sector educativo
Authors: Diaz Tito Luis Pablo , Tito Cárdenas Julia Victoria , Garcia Curo Gianmarco , Boy Barreto Ana Maritza
Published: October 2021

La irrupción de nuevas tecnologías en todos los sectores organizacionales, entre ellos, el sector educativo, trae consigo nuevos retos y beneficios. La inteligencia artificial representa la herramienta tecnológica que proyecta mayor alcance e impacto en lo que resta de siglo XXI y es hoy una realidad en todos los ambientes empresariales. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la aplicación de la inteligencia educativa en el sector educativo. La investigación es un trabajo de corte teórico documental y/o bibliográfica. Los resultados arrojaron que la aplicación de inteligencia artificial demanda altos niveles de flexibilidad, cohesión, adaptabilidad y transformación constante. La inteligencia artificial genera nuevas formas de interacciones sociales, así como la incursión de nuevos actores virtuales en los entornos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. El uso de estas herramientas demanda actualización constante por parte de los actores involucrados.
Gestión y liderazgo: enfoque desde una célula educativa
Authors: Marín-González Freddy , Alfaro Escobar Luz Celina
Published: October 2021

A la luz de investigaciones en América Latina y Colombia los retos que enfrenta la educación para el siglo XXI, otorgan relevancia al rol del gerente educativo fundamentado en un estilo de liderazgo. Por consiguiente, el objetivo de este artículo es analizar la gestión asociada al liderazgo estratégico del directivo docente y su contribución al mejoramiento del Índice Sintético de Calidad Educativa. Para ello, se empleó un enfoque de investigación cuantitativa, cuyo diseño fue de naturaleza documental y de campo. Destacan como resultado las capacidades y habilidades inherentes al gerente educativo con difusa claridad sobre un estilo de liderazgo identificado por la comunidad escolar. La gestión del rector y su equipo está vinculada a la necesidad de un estilo de liderazgo estratégico que fortalece las acciones y estrategias en correspondencia con la dinámica institucional. Se concluye en la necesidad de definir en el ámbito educativo procesos de gestión innovadores que desde el liderazgo estratégico del directivo contribuya al mejoramiento del Índice Sintético de Calidad Educativa en atención a los componentes de progreso, desempeño, eficiencia y ambiente escolar.
La inestabilidad como rutina. La precarización de la vida cotidiana y su impacto en la alimentación en Buenos Aires, Argentina
Authors: Aguirre Patricia , Diaz Córdova Diego
Published: October 2021

En este artículo se exponen algunos de los cambios que sufrió la alimentación en Argentina en los últimos 30 años y su impacto en los componentes de la seguridad alimentaria (disponibilidad, acceso, utilización biológica y estabilidad) que han conducido a la precarización de los consumos como una nueva normalidad. A través de las Encuestas de Gasto y de las Encuestas de Nutrición y Salud realizadas por el Estado Argentino, se describe la situación contextual. Con relevamientos propios a través de entrevistas semi-estructuradas en hogares de diferentes sectores de ingresos, se indaga acerca de los cambios en sus canastas de consumo, las prácticas que realizaron para mantenerlos y las razones con que las justifican. Como lo contrario de la rutina con su carga de repetición y seguridad, la precarización implica un permanente alerta frente a un presente inseguro y un futuro imprevisible
Transferencias de racionalidad de la antropología al anarquismo.
Authors: Pradas Sánchez-Arévalo Roberto
Published: October 2021

Despiniadis, Costas. (2021). Prometeo contra Leviatán. Teorías sobre el Estado. Del liberalismo al anarquismo. Aranjuez: Cuadernos de Contrahistoria y Fundación Anselmo Lorenzo (Delegación de Aranjuez). Traducción de Juan Merino
Risk-based pricing of property and liability insurance
Authors: Powell Lars
Published: October 2021

Policymakers currently show renewed interest in restricting the use of certain accurate ratemaking variables in personal lines (automobile and homeowners) insurance. Policymakers are considering, and in some states enacting, laws that would exclude gender, education, occupation and credit-based insurance scoring (CBIS) as insurance rating variables. The author argues that excluding accurate rating variables from the insurance pricing process has negative consequences. The accuracy of insurance prices decreases, creating cross-subsidies where lower-risk insureds pay higher premiums and higher-risk insureds pay lower premiums. In addition to being objectively unfair, cross-subsidies increase the overall cost of insurance and distort policyholder incentives to take appropriate precautions. The end result is higher prices, more property damage, more injuries and more fatalities. The author also address arguments put forth by opponents of these rating variables and demonstrate the high level of competition in insurance markets.
Evaluating Predictive power of Data Envelopment Analysis Technique Compared with Logit and Probit Models in Predicting Corporate Bankruptcy
Authors: Maryam Khalili Araghi , Sara Makvandi
Published: October 2021

Simultaneous with extensive environmental changes and the rapid development of technology which has increasingly accelerated economy, competitiveness economical enterprises have restricted earning profit and make probable closing of bankrupt firms. Thus it seems necessary to find a model that can predict financial crisis and bankruptcy of companies. Nowadays occurrence of significant progress in other sciences, such as computer and math attract the attention of the financial scholars toward designing and using more exact patterns like Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). For this purpose, this study uses DEA technique to predict the bankruptcy likelihood of manufacturing firms and also compare its predictability with2 methods : Logit and Probit models. Study sample includes all manufacturing firms listed in Stock Exchange of Tehran from 2000-2010. The results showed that the accuracy of the designed model under DEA technique is %72 and the predictability of Logit and Probit models has been81, and %80 respectively. The results also showed DEA was proved to be an effective tool for predicting bankruptcy likelihood of manufacturing firms; but,it acted less efficient than Logit and Probit models.
EDUCATION PRODUCTION FUNCTION AND QUALITY OF EDUCATION IN DAY SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KENYA
Authors: Jagero Nelson
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study was to establish the extent to which school inputs affect the quality of education in day secondary schools in Kisumu County Kenya. The study was conducted in 18 day secondary schools, 18 head teachers, 123 teachers and 600 students. Proportionate sampling was used to select the number of day secondary schools in various divisions within the County. Simple random sampling was used to select the teachers and students for the study. Data was analysed using Linear multiple correlation. The most important inputs that affected the performance of the day secondary schools included involvement of Parents Teachers Association (PTA) in running of the schools; amount of instructional materials supplied and expenditure in laboratory equipment. The study recommended that PTAs should be strengthened, so that they could contribute to the provision of physical facilities in order to improve quality of education in the day secondary schools.
EXAMINING THE INFLUENCE OF FAMILY SUPPORT AND MOTIVATION AT WORK AS ANTECEDENTS OF EMPLOYEE LOYALTY AMONG PRIVATE ISLAMIC SCHOOL TEACHERS IN KELANTAN, MALAYSIA
Authors: Mustapha Noraani , Yusuff Wan Ibrahim Wan Mohd , Nordin Nurulhuda Che
Published: October 2021

Employee loyalty is an important indicator of an organization’s work environment and the quality of its management. Loyal employees represent a cost savings over recruiting and training new workers, and loyal employees can be incredible assets to a growing company. The objective of the study is to determine the relationship between family support and motivational factors on employee loyalty among 100 teachers in nine private Islamic schools in Kelantan. The sample was determined using systematic random sample and data was gathered using a self administered research questionnaires. Descriptive analysis was utilized to describe the respondents and the Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to assess the influence of the independent variables on its dependent. The result indicates the positive significant relationship between variables and supports the hypotheses. This study suggests that family support along with the motivational factors employed in this study have a positive significant relationship with employee loyalty to the organization, and therefore both factors should be utilized by managers as a mechanism to promote organizational citizenship among employees.
HUMAN CAPITAL AND SURVIVAL OF SMALL SCALE FOOD PROCESSING FIRMS UNDER ECONOMIC CRISIS IN CENTRAL JAVA INDONESIA
Authors: Mappigau Palmarudi , M Agussalim
Published: October 2021

This study objective was investigate the determine factors of the survival of small food processing firm during the economic crisis. As much 102 small firm wirh traditional of beef processing and preservation which producing Jerked beef and Beef Floss located in Central Java Indobneseia were choised as sample. Primary and secondari data collected in 2009 when global economic crissis hit Indonesia, and the datas analyzed using path analysis. This study concluded that ; (a) human capital (spesific human capital) namely motivation start ups and industry experience in the same field have positively effects on entreprepreneur’s competencies, adaptation strategy, and the survival of firms. However, the contribution effect of motivation tend to be larger than industry experience; (b) Entrepreneur’s competencies have a positive effect on the adaptation strategy and the survival of firms. Hoewver, contribution effect of entrepreneurial competency tend to be larger than managerial competency; and (c) adaptation strategy has positively effect on the survival of firms; and (d) human capital have affects on the survival of firms through entreprenerur’s competencies (entreprepreneurial and Managerial Competencies) and adaptation strategy . A better understanding of this finding will benefit implication for future research in the survival of small food processing firms under economic resession aspects, and also it will benefit implication for policymaker in supporting improved competitiveness of the small food processing firms and improving human capital for the indonesia SMEs entrepreneurs
Achieving Price Stability in Nigeria: Monetary Policy Rate Approach vs. Foreign Exchange Policy Approach
Authors: Oseni Ezekiel
Published: October 2021

Earlier studies have reached a consensus that monetary policies generate more economic activities than fiscal policies in developing economies. This study has bridged the existing gaps in earlier studies by addressing the question of which of the instruments of macroeconomics is more effective in achieving price stability remains largely unanswered. The study observed that the presence of exogenous factor was responsible for the inability of the tight monetary policies of the CBN to mob excess liquidity from the economy. In the same vein, the exogenous factor destabilizes the steady economic growth that would have emanated from a relaxed monetary policy. The study also found foreign exchange rates (fx) to be a more effective instrument to achieving price stability than monetary policy rates (mpr). The Nigerian economy is largely import dependent with most of the importation being consumable goods and services and less of productive (capital) goods. The impact of changes in fx are more pronounced on the economy than changes in the interest rates. The attainment of price stability would become feasible if the apex bank accords priority to the formulation and deployment of foreign exchange policies that are sound in principle and effective in practice.
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS AND MANUFACTURING SECTOR PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA, (1970-2009)
Authors: Victor Adejumo Akintoye
Published: October 2021

The study examined the relationship between foreign direct investment and the value added to the manufacturing industry in Nigeria, between the period 1970 and 2009. In view of the development and industrialising desires of Nigeria, as well as the foreign aid received in form of private investments, it is pertinent to examine the effect the presence of multinationals has had in shaping the Nigerian manufacturing industry. Using the autoregressive lag distribution technique to determine the relationship between foreign direct investment and manufacturing value added, it was discovered that in the long-run, foreign direct investments have had a negative effect on the manufacturing sub-sector in Nigeria.
Rail Transport and Economic Growth in Nigeria (1970 – 2011).
Authors: Tolulope APANISILE Olumuyiwa , Taiwo AKINLO
Published: October 2021

The study examined the link between rail transport and economic growth in Nigeria over the period 1970-2011 using Error Correction modelling approach. The results show that there is long run relationship among the variables. In addition, the EC models show that the error correction term is correctly signed and significant while there is inverse relationship between rail transport and economic growth in Nigeria. This explains the decadence in the sector due to the neglect of the sector by the government. The study therefore concludes that government should embark on development policies that will aim at strengthening the sub-sector of the economy so that it can operate in its full capacity and neutralise the decadence that is evident in the sector.
Refractory cluster-tic syndrome: The Hickam’s dictum
Authors:   Neurology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain., JA Membrilla , Terán J Díaz de ,   Neurology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
Published: October 2021

A 50-year-old man debuted with right trigeminal neuralgia. In the following years, it became refractory to medical treatment and ipsilateral cluster headache appeared. He was diagnosed with cluster-tic syndrome. A brain magnetic resonance with high-spatialresolution 3D T2 sequences (FIESTA) excluded the existence of neurovascular conflict, but a surgical exploration was indicated due to its torpid evolution. A venous contact with the right trigeminal nerve was confirmed in the surgery and microvascular decompression was performed. The patient’s evolution was favorable, improving the trigeminal neuralgia as well as the cluster headache.
العقبات في طريق الأدب الإسلامي Obstacles in the Way of Islamic Literature
Authors:   Assistant Professor Department of Arabic language,  Paktia University, Poli-Alam, Logar, Afghanistan  Corresponding Author:  noorullahsaeed90@gmail.com, Saeed Noorullah
Published: October 2021

أما بعد فكما تعلمون ، نحن كمسلمين نعيش في حالة الغزو ماديّا و فكريا ، و اشتدت غزوة الثقافية و الفكرية عند ما أُشتهر مصطلح الأدب الإسلامي في القرن العشرين ، و دافع عن الإسلام و نظريته و عن المسلمين و مجتمعهم و تعقّب كلَّ من هو ضد التصور الإسلامي و الرافضين له ، و يحاول الرافضون أن يسيطروا عليه ، فسِهامهم متّجهة إلي هذه التجربة الإسلامية الفنية في كل زمان ، حتي من قِبل الأدباء المسلمين الذين تأثروا بحضارة غربية ، و لكنها ناجحة ضد هؤلاء إن شاء الله تعالى . و لما ذا لا يهاجموننا بعد أن أخذنا زمام معركة فكرية كما هو حقه ، لأن جانب الفكري للأدب أقوي من جانبه الفني ، كما قاله الدكتور وليد قصاب في كتابه ( المذاهب الأدبية الغربية ) .
Feminist concern of Girish Karnad Novel: Nagamandala
Authors:   Research Scholar,  Department of English, Career Point University, Kota Rajasthan-India, nnaziarashid@gmail.com, Saxena Ruchi , Raj Purohit Dr. Anshu ,   Professor, Department of English, Career Point University, Kota Rajasthan-India,  Anshuraj18@gmail.com
Published: October 2021

This present paper attempts to critically analyse the selected novel of Girish Karnad _Nagamandala. Girish Karnad, as a dramatist, is free from any such feminist tags and like Shashi Deshpande, an Indian woman novelist, treats ‘woman as a woman’ and as ‘a human being’. As a male feminist, he has treated the feminist issues like child marriage, loveless marriage, exploitation of wife in the hands of husband, double standards of society and law operating against her in the society etc. It also expresses the hollowness and injustice of patriarchal society. He insists that it is not patriarchy but matriarchy which is essential for society. Thus, the refined sensibilities of woman like love, sex, compassion and tolerance make her unsurpassable in the society. The pride of woman also finds a space in his play Naga Mandala.
Depiction of women in the traditional and changing dimension of Indian culture (भारतीय संस्कृति के परम्परागत एवं परिवर्तनशील आयाम में महिलाओं का चित्रण)
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology Gangasheel mahavidhyalay, Faijullapur, Nvabganj, bareilly Corresponding Author: rajnisunilgupta2002@gmail.com, Gupta Dr. Rajni
Published: October 2021

भारत संस्कृति में नारी को बहुत ही उत्तम स्थान प्राप्त है जबकि अन्य देशों में नारी को केवल भोग विलास की वस्तु समझा जाता है। “यत्र नार्यस्तु पूज्यंते रमंते तत्र देवता” अर्थात् जहाँ नारी की पूजा की जाती है वहाँ देवता निवास करते है। भारतीय संस्कृति में प्राचीनकाल से लेकर आधुनिक काल तक महिलाओं की स्थिति परिवर्तनशील रही है। संसार की ईश्वरीय शक्ति दुर्गा, लक्ष्मी व सरस्वती आदि नारी शक्ति, धन, व ज्ञान का प्रतीक मानी जाती है। वैदिक काल भारतीय नारी के लिए स्वर्णिम काल था। ऐतिहासिक पात्रों में भी उसे वीरागंना के रूप में प्रस्तुत किया है। भारतीय समाज में महिलाओं की स्थिति समय और काल के अनुसार बदलती रही है। उत्तर वैदिक काल में महिलाओं की स्थिति में उतार चढ़ाव शुरू हो गया तथा सती प्रथा, पर्दा प्रथा इस युग में प्रारम्भ हो गई। मध्यकाल में मुगलों के आने के पश्चात महिलाओं पर अनेक प्रकार की पाबन्दिया लगा दी गयी, जिससे बाल विवाह, बेमेल विवाह, सती प्रथा अनेक कुरीतियों ने जन्म लिया जिसके कारण महिलाओं की स्थिति में परिवर्तन आया। स्वतन्त्रता के पश्चात संविधान द्वारा महिलाओं को पुरूषों के बराबर सब अधिकार मिले। नारी की प्रस्थिति व उससे जुडी विभिन्न समस्याओं को क्षेत्रीय व देशीय स्तर पर समाज सुधारको ने दूर करने का प्रयास किया है। जिससे महिलाओं की प्रस्थितियों में परिवर्तन आया तथा आज वे हर क्षेत्र में अपना वर्चस्व स्थापित कर रही है। वास्तव में नारी शक्ति ही प्रकृति का आधार और भारतीय संस्कृति की सर्वोच्च पोषक व संरक्षक है।
The Color of Fire Is Flux
Authors: Ballard Horace D.
Published: October 2021

This lyric essay models an ethics of attention that ushers us into a state of productive unknowing in which visions of new aesthetic and sociopolitical narratives may emerge.
CARTAS À PAULO FREIRE: (DES)ESPERANÇA DE PROFESSORES(AS) EM TEMPOS DESINTERESSANTES
Authors: ZANDAVALLI CARLA BUSATO , OLEGÁRIO LILIAN ANDRESSA OLIVEIRA , OLIVEIRA BRENDA TAVELLA
Published: October 2021

O artigo retrata uma experiência pedagógica realizada no âmbito da disciplina de Teorias de Aprendizagem, em um Curso de Mestrado Profissional em Ensino de Ciências, de uma instituição pública federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. Foi solicitada aos pós-graduandos a escrita de uma carta respondendo a uma das três Cartas presentes na obra “Pedagogia da Indignação: Cartas pedagógicas e outros escritos”, de Paulo Freire. A atividade objetivou analisar a situação atual de vida e formação dos professores, tomando como pressuposto a teoria freiriana, por meio do gênero textual preferido de Freire: as cartas. Participaram da atividade 18 mestrandos, a maioria professores convocados em redes públicas de ensino, que ministram disciplinas de Biologia, Química, Física e/ou atuam nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, como professores regentes. A análise das cartas foi feita por meio da análise categorial de Bardin (2016), observando-se a pré-análise, a exploração do material e o tratamento dos resultados, a inferência e a interpretação. Na exploração do material, primeiramente foi analisado o conjunto das informações, buscando-se categorias, unidades de registro e sua frequência e, na sequência, foram agrupadas em três grupos, tendo como referência a carta de Freire respondida pelos(as) mestrandos(as). Foram identificadas as seguintes categorias: Paulo Freire, Educação, Esperança, Desesperança/medo; Mudanças/transformações; Democracia/democratização; Consciência Humana; Professores/educadores; Alunos/ estudantes/crianças/ jovens; Riscos/perdas. Os diálogos dos(as) mestrandos(as) com o autor, por meio das cartas, denotaram a compreensão de aspectos centrais da Pedagogia e da Epistemologia de Freire. As cartas denotam o desenvolvimento mais acentuado da consciência crítica dos(as) mestrandos(as), mediante a análise da complexa realidade vivida por eles(as) e a compreensão e aplicação das categorias centrais da obra de Freire, o que permite concluir que os objetivos da atividade foram alcançados.
TRILHAS INTERPRETATIVAS EM UNIDADE DE CONSERVAÇÃO:ESPAÇO PEDAGÓGICO PARA O ENSINO DE ECOLOGIA
Authors: Marques Jean Dalmo de Oliveira Marques Dalmo , Barreto Lais Cássia Monteiro de Souza , Marques Elizalane Moura De Araújo
Published: October 2021

A utilização de Trilhas Interpretativas (TI) em Unidades de Conservação (UC) tem sido utilizadas na educação básica e superior como alternativa viável para os conteudos ecológicos. O objetivo da pesquisa foi investigar o ensino e aprendizado de Ecologia da Amazônia (EA) por meio da utilização de TI em UC, valorizando seu(s) ponto(s) de atratividade(s) e o contato do aluno com a (o) flora, solo e recurso hídrico. A metodologia utilizada teve abordagem qualitativa e utilizou uma sequência didática composta por roteiros e fichas de campo como instrumentos norteadores e questionários com mecanismo de coleta de dados. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram 15 (quinze) alunos pertencentes ao Curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas (LCB), do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Amazonas (IFAM). As TI em UC demonstraram ser eficientes espaços pedagógicos para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem de EA. Os alunos conseguiram compreender os conteúdos ecológicos, impossíveis de ocorrer em uma aula formal em sala de aula, pois as vivencias em cada TI foram cientificamente enriquecedoras, despertando valor moral, consciência crítica e percepção individual frente aos vários desafios que o Bioma Amazônia enfrenta para manter sua biodiversidade inalterada. O produto educacional elaborado contribuiu para um novo olhar a ser concebido para as UC em termos de utilização, colaborando para a instrumentalização de outros espaços com potencial para o ensino, bem como para o desenvolvimento de aulas mais participativas.
Contrast Induced Nephropathy; Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors in Patients Undergoing Multi-vessel Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)
Authors: Muhammad Fida , Sayed Tahir Mukhtar , Mirza Muhammad Shahjehan , Raees Aisha Bint , Majeed Irfan , Majeed Sana
Published: October 2021

Objective: To examine the prevalence and associated risk factors of contrast induced nephropathy in patients undergoing multi-vessel percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Study Design: Prospective/Observational Place and Duration: The study was conducted at the cardiology department of DHQ Teaching Hospital, Sargodha and Wazirabad Institute of Cardiology, Wazirabad for duration of six months from October 2020 to March 2021. Methods: Total 135 patients of both genders with ages 20 to 80 years undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention were enrolled in this study. Patients’ detailed demographics were recorded after written consent. Contrast induced nephropathy was defined as serum creatinine >0.5mg/dl from baseline value. Risk factors associated with CIN were examined; Data was analyzed by SPSS 23.0. Results: Out of 130 patients 90 (66.7%) were males while 45 (33.3%) were females with mean age 54.87±12.44 years. We found contrast induced nephropathy in 27 (20%) patients. Anemia, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, contrast volume >150ml, congestive heart failure and age >70 years were significantly associated risk factors of contrast induced nephropathy with p-value <0.05. Conclusion: It is concluded that the incidence of contrast induced nephropathy in patients undergoing PCI is high. Significant risk factors for CIN were anemia, age >70 years, diabetes mellitus, contrast volume >150ml and heart failure. Keywords: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Contrast Induced Nephropathy, Risk Factors.
Hepatoprotective role of Azadirachta Indica and Vitamin E in acetaminophen induced liver toxicity in Wistar rats
Authors: Hameed Farheen , Sajid Khan Muhammad , Imran Sana , Sadiq Muhammad Adnan , Sair Mohammad , Adil Raheela
Published: October 2021

Aim To study the comparative effect of acetaminophen with aqueous Neem leaf extract (Azadirachta Indica) and vitamin E mediated liver toxicity on the basis of liver enzymes. Methods: A total of sixty (60) Wistar rats of either sex were divided equally into four groups. Each groupwas made up of 15 animals. Group A was the control group. Animals in Group B were treated with a single oral dose of 2 mg / kg b / w Paracetamol. Group C animals with 500 mg / kg b / w oral Neem extract for 15 days with oral administration of 2 mg / kg b / w oral Paracetamol. In Group D, animals received the same dose of Paracetamol and 100 mg / kg b / w intra-peritoneal vitamin E for 15 days, respectively. The liver enzymes ALT,AST, and ALP were then evaluated. Data was analyzed using SPSS Version 20.0 with level of significance being kept at p-value ≤0.05 Results: In the 4 groups, The ALT values were 22.8 (Group A), 100 (Group B), 29.11 (Group C), and 31.16 U/L (Group D). The AST values were 25 (Group A), 40 (Group B), 20 (Group C), and 15 (Group D) U/L. The ALP values were 220 (Group A), 445 (Group B), 242 (Group C), and 244 (Group D) U/L. There was significant increase in liver enzymes were found in Group B after induction of Paracetamol toxicity, however, hepatoprotective effects could be seen in the intervention Group C and D Conclusion: Azadirachta Indica and Vitamin E showed hepatoprotective effects on the Wistar rats that were subjected to Paracetamol Key words: Azadirachta Indicaleaf extract, Vitamin E, Paracetamol, Wistar rats
Board Game “Making Financial Decisions” in the System of Teaching the Mathematical Foundations of Financial Literacy
Authors:   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Koneva Bogdana , Shabanova Maria ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov
Published: October 2021

The aim of this article is to present the theoretical model for the construction of tasks in improving financial literacy in algebra course at school and to submit the economic and mathematical game based on the developed model. At the state level, a number of important documents have been adopted on the formation of financial literacy of schoolchildren, various measures are being implemented to solve this problem. Despite this, today the tasks presented in the school mathematics course do not fully solve the issue of increasing the level of financial literacy. In the course of work on the creation of a theoretical model for Teaching mathematical foundations of financial literacy, an analysis of Russian textbooks on mathematics was carried out, federal regulations and international standards were studied. Our analysis allows us to assert that there are not enough tasks for the formation of financial literacy skills in the school course of mathematics. In addition, these tasks form initial knowledge in the financial sector. Also, the tasks are of the same type and often affect only two areas of handling finance. These are purchases and loans. Also, the tasks of the school mathematics course correspond only to the first level of the PISA standard. Thus, it became obvious that it was necessary to develop a theoretical model for the construction of tasks in improving financial literacy in algebra course at school according with the System (frame) financial capability for school age pupils and PISA diagnostic model.
Implementing Computational Thinking in IT Training: an Invariant Framework for IT Knowledge Features
Authors:   University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, Gaftandzhieva Silvia , Doneva Rositsa ,   University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, Atanasova Marieta ,   University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”
Published: October 2021

Contemporary education has been experiencing difficulties because of the fast changing content, especially in the field of Information Technology. In this regard, education institutions have seen an increasing emphasis on the role of computational thinking. Forming Computational Thinking in IT training would help to use fewer efforts and less time to update knowledge and skills in this area after a long period of time – no matter what new technologies, company developed software systems and interface tools have appeared. This article aims to propose an approach to form computational thinking when presenting learning content in order to overcome one of the basic challenges of contemporary IT training – the frequency and high change scales of the studied technologies and tools, which is all a result of high speed of technological advance. The article suggests an invariant framework, which could be used to form computational thinking skills in IT training. The framework allows trainers to formulate skills for pattern recognition, abstraction and focusing on the important information. As a proof for the efficiency of the offered invariant framework for IT knowledge in terms of the discussed problem, part of the learning content related to spreadsheet training has been presented.
Мathematics as Music for the Soul
Authors:   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sendova Evgenia
Published: October 2021

The article deals with issues related to the manifestation of mathematical talent from an early age and the attitude of professionals to such a phenomenon as Terry Tao. Epizodes from his biography and several tasks he faces at different ages are considered. The main emphasis is on Terry Tao‘s contribution to the proof of Sendov‘s conjecture and his lecture on this topic, organized by the International Center for Mathematical Sciences - Sofia at the Institute of Mathematics and Informatics at BAS together with the the Union of Bulgarian Mathematicians.
Is Panpsychism at Odds with Science?
Authors: Roelofs L.
Published: October 2021

Galileo's Error is a superlative work of public philosophy, particularly as a way of introducing modern academic panpsychism to a broader audience. In this commentary, I reflect on an issue that is prominent, though often with different background concerns, in both academic and
popular discourse: what it means to be 'scientific' or 'unscientific'. Panpsychism is not itself a scientific hypothesis, but neither is it (as critics sometimes claim) in conflict with science. Indeed, Goff argues, and I agree, that panpsychism is an eminently scientific
worldview, in the sense of a way of viewing reality that accords with and embraces what science reveals. But what exactly it means to 'accord with and embrace' science is disputed; this paper tries to untangle some of the threads.
A Solution to the Combination Problem and the Future of Panpsychism
Authors: Harris A.
Published: October 2021

This paper supports the scientific position that panpsychism is a valid category of possible resolutions to the hard problem of consciousness, and it focuses on a solution to the 'combination problem' in panpsychism. I argue for a new way of thinking about consciousness in
which consciousness is not viewed in reference to subjects, and that the concept of a 'subject' is borne of the illusion of self. Therefore, we don't face a combination problem if the notion of a subject is superfluous and consciousness itself is pervasive in the form of a field.
The paper is also a more general discussion about the importance of pursuing this scientific question in the twenty-first century: is consciousness a more fundamental aspect of the universe than we have previously assumed?
Missing Entities: Has Panpsychism Lost the Physical World?
Authors: Aleksiev D.
Published: October 2021

Panpsychists aspire to explain human consciousness, but can they also account for the physical world? In this paper, I argue that proponents of a popular form of panpsychism cannot. I pose a new challenge against this form of panpsychism: it faces an explanatory gap between the fundamental
experiences it posits and some physical entities. I call the problem of explaining the existence of these physical entities within the panpsychist framework 'the missing entities problem'. Space-time, the quantum state, and quantum gravitational entities constitute three explanatory
gaps as instances of the missing entities problem. Panpsychists are obliged to solve all instances of the missing entities problem; otherwise, panpsychism cannot be considered a viable theory of consciousness.