bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Abiotic Factors and Umbelliferone Toxicity in Snail Attractant Pellets Against the Vector Snail Lymnaea acuminata
Authors: Agrahari Pooja
Published: September 2023

Background and Objective: Fasciolosis is a zoonotic disease, which is transmitted by Lymnaea acuminata snails of the Lymnaidae family and causes the disease in human and herbivorous mammals in all over the world. One of the suitable approaches for the control of fasciolosis is the snail control. The snail control by snail attractant pellets is a new technique because there is no any side effect on other biota/human/natural environment. Material and Methods: The influence of various abiotic factors and umbelliferone toxicity in bait against the vector snail Lymnaea acuminata was checked in different months of the years 2018-2019. Result: After 24h of molluscicide exposure, it was found that LC50 values 4.37, 4.22 and 5.66 % in SAP containing starch + umbelliferone and 4.02, 4.33, and 4.76 % in SAP containing proline + umbelliferone during May, June and July, respectively, were most effective treatments in killing the snails. While SAP containing starch + umbelliferone was 9.84% and proline + umbelliferone was 8.94% were minimum effective in January in 24h toxicity. Conclusion: This study indicates that various abiotic factors significantly changed the toxicity of umbelliferone; so, the snails can be controlled by snail attractant pellets containing umbelliferone will be applied in a particular month rather than the whole month of the year.
Work Engagement of Teachers Issues and Challenges: A Review
Authors: Menon Varsha V. , Devika S. S. , Manoharan Meghana , Pasha Najassim , Rajkumar N.
Published: September 2023

As the emphasis on quality in the school system grows, the teaching profession is undergoing profound changes. There are several methods to characterize leadership styles within an organization, with creativity, innovation, continuous development, and change management being among the most prevalent; in today’s classrooms, this expression is gaining popularity. For these reasons, educators’ work lives are more laden with worry and uncertainty. There are still techniques to evaluate a teacher’s performance despite these obstacles. A career that was previously demanding has become even more so as a result of this abrupt change. As quality indicators, they are put in a situation where they must choose between employing tried-and-true teaching strategies or putting the needs of their pupils first. It is logical that under NEP 2020, there will be a greater level of teacher participation. This study examines the current context and future prognosis for teachers’ professional involvement. This literature study seeks to determine the elements that impact teachers’ commitment to their jobs and the children they teach. With a focus on quality, a setting that encourages new ideas, and the National Education Policy, 2020 being implemented, teacher work motivation must be a worry. Transitioning to a curriculum with a premium on learning is challenging and unavoidable. Therefore, it is imperative that instructors like their work. We investigate the reasons for employee commitment in a workplace and the outcomes of such commitment.
Work-Life Conflict during Covid-19 and Psychological Resilience Role of Self-Affirmation Interventions - A Study in Bangalore, India
Authors: Showkat Shagufta
Published: September 2023

The present research is an attempt to find out the impact of work-family conflict on employee resilience and the role of Self-affirmative interventions in building the resilience and mitigating the impact. A total of 55 interviews were conducted. This paper proposes that work-life conflict during Covid-19 had a negative impact on psychological resilience. Moreover, various self-affirmation strategies adopted by the respondents during Covid-19 helped them to combat the work-family conflict and stress created by it. A research need has been identified by the previous research to find out the role of self-affirmation interventions in aligning the values and needs with changed or unexpected environments to tackle the work-family conflict. Moreover, the relationship between the psychological resilience and self-affirmation interventions has not been explored previously, particularly in the Indian Context.
Classification of brain activity using synolitic networks
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Vlasenko Daniil , Zaikin Aleksei ,   University College London, Zakharov Denis ,   Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University
Published: September 2023

Because the brain is an extremely complex hypernet of interacting macroscopic subnetworks, full-scale analysis of brain activity is a daunting task. Nevertheless, this task can be greatly simplified by analysing the correspondence between various patterns of macroscopic brain activity, for example, through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans, and the performance of particular cognitive tasks or pathological states. The purpose of this work is to present and validate a methodology of representing fMRI data in the form of graphs that effectively convey valuable insights into the interconnectedness of brain region activity for subsequent classification purposes. Methods. This paper explores the application of synolitic networks in the analysis of brain activity. We propose a method for constructing a graph, the vertices of which reflect fMRI voxels’ values, and the edges and edge weights reflect the relationships between fMRI voxels. Results and Conclusion. Based on the classification of fMRI data by graph properties, the effectiveness of the method in conveying important information for classification in the construction of graphs was shown.
About the semantics of the word “cowardly” in the Russian language of the 18th–19th centuries and the meaning of the moral of Sumarokov’s fable The Hare and the Frogs
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Egorova Svetlana S.
Published: September 2023

The article discusses the problem of studying the semantics of the word “cowardly” in the Russian language of the 18th and 19th centuries. The meaning of this lexeme has radically changed over time – this is evidenced by contexts from various sources (both documentary, scientific, and artistic). At the beginning of the 18th century, the word “sneaky/cowardly” was fixed in the General Regulations and Regulations of the Chief Magistrate, developed by Peter I; it was used there as a social term denoting certain social classes. Since the 1730s the lexeme “cowardly” is also used in a stylistic sense – now it is a characteristic of the speech features of those “ignoble” social strata that were mentioned in Peter’s Regulations (the speech of the people is cowardly speech). In this sense, the word appears in the works of Lomonosov, Trediakovsky, Kantemir, etc. However, after the publication of Catherine II’s Mandate (1767), which strictly regulated the social structure of society, established clear boundaries of classes and their names, the generalizing concept of “cowardly” turned out to be no longer necessary. But the lexical item itself has not disappeared from the language – it has developed a new meaning. Since the end of the 18th century “cowardly” is a moral characteristic of a person, as well as of an unworthy act, an ignoble manner of behavior (this, apparently, was typical, first of all, for the representatives of those “ignoble” social classes). This new semantic meaning of “cowardly” gradually took root in the language and displaced the previous meaning. In the Dictionary of the Russian Academy (1789–1794) the first meaning recorded is still the social meaning of the word “cowardly”, the second – a new, moral one. In the Dictionary of Church Slavonic and Russian (1847), the priority of meanings has been changed: now the moral and ethical semantics of the word is given as the main one. In the lexicographical works of the twentieth century, “cowardly/sneaky” in the meaning of the social term is even marked as obsolete. The theoretical provisions in the article are substantiated by examples of this word’s functioning in different periods in different meanings.
Stereotyping of the image of Gerhard Schröder in the German political discourse
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Shamanskaya Maria A.
Published: September 2023

The article studies the language representation of stereotypes on the material of statements about the political views and actions of the ex-Chancellor of Germany Gerhard Schröder concerning the Russia-Ukraine conflict published in Spiegel Online (the first half of 2022). The significance of this work is determined by the relevance of research of stereotypes as a tool for designing and transferring opinions that helps the politicians to form the public attitude to people and events of importance. Studying how the stereotypes are used in the political discourse allows us to comprehend the linguistic mechanism of stereotyping and its evaluating potential. The methodology of this research is based on the theory of stereotypes as cognitive units and their modeling as a structure built of certain features. The methods of component, contextual and stylistic analysis are used. The analysis of the factual material allowed us to single out a number of stereotypes which characterize the person of Gerhard Schröder by active German politicians, as well as a number of features inherent in the stereotypes. The image of the ex-Chancellor is contrasted with the paragon of a ‘good politician’. Although a range of characteristics attributed to this paragon (high moral ground, advantage for the country, dedication to one’s beliefs) is discovered in the politicians’ speeches about Schröder, he is denied to possess such characteristicss as honor, dignity and responsibility. The research singles out such sterotypes as ‘a business person’, ‘an old man’, ‘an outcast’ and ‘a ghost’. Only negative characteristics of the above-mentioned stereotypes are emphasized by the speakers. This gives us ground to state that the use of stereotypes in the texts under consideration is aimed at forming an unfavorable opinion of the described person.
On the polyfunctionality of punctuation marks in modern German (on the example of the dash)
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Plisenko Alevtina A. , Ageyeva Galina A. ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes the functions of the dash in literary German-language texts. The purpose of the study is to clarify and describe the various functions of the dash, to determine its role in the transmission of the communicative intention of the author of the written text. It is established that the dash is a multifunctional punctuation mark which complicates and specifies its functions depending on the contextual conditions of its use and the communicative situation. Two main groups of functions were identified and described: structural-semantic and expressive. Within the framework of structural and semantic functions, the dash is an indicator of logical relations in an utterance – causal and contrast ones. Being a means of a written text division, the dash performs compositional functions: it signals the transition from one type of speech transmission to another, to a new microtheme, a change of the addressee-addresse r of speech. The dash is a graphic means of creating expressiveness, marking expressive syntactic constructions (inserts, separations, introductory structures, attachments, parentheses), pauses in a character’s speech, contributing to the compression of the utterance, the effect of emotional tension, the incompleteness of the utterance. The dash is one of those punctuation marks that have a vivid stylistic potential and are widely used by the authors in order to create a special artistic effect. This applies both to cases where the current punctuation rules allow one to choose between a dash and another character, and when the rules do not require any character at all. The choice of the dash depends on the author’s communicative intention and can be explained based on the context, or by the predominant use of the dash, which is one of the elements of the author’s style.
The semantics and contextualized use of the Present Perfect in modern American English: A corpus-driven study
Authors:   Saratov State University, Zolotarev Mikhail V. , Popp Arina V. ,   Saratov State University
Published: September 2023

The article identifies the main ways in which the Present Perfect meanings are expressed in the oral speech of the US citizens speaking American English. The necessity to study in detail how the Present Perfect functions in modern American English is attributed to the emerging reports emphasizing the existing functional instability of these forms in the speech of Americans. This tendency shows that the Present Perfect loses its ability to express traditional perfect meanings. Therefore, the aim of the study is twofold: to apply the methods of corpus linguistics in order to confirm that the semantics of the perfect and preterite forms tend to merge in modern American English, as well as to collect and describe the contexts in which the preterite substitutes the Present Perfect forms in their traditional meanings. We created a corpus of oral texts and collected the data reflecting the frequency of the perfect and preterite forms found in the speech of the respondents. Based on the comparative analysis, we carried out the research determining the percentage ratio of the perfect meanings expressed by the preterite forms. It was found that today in the oral speech of the US women aged 18–25 the preterite verb forms substitute the perfect verb forms in their traditional meanings in almost a third of the contexts. At the same time, the preterite replaces the perfect only in its ‘stative’ and ‘existential’ meanings. The findings confirm the hypothesis that the Present Perfect evolves in American English in accordance with the scenario of “arrested” grammaticalization where the semantics of the perfect and the preterite merge.
The Relationship Between the Decrease in Longitudinal Systolic Function and High Filling Pressures in The Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Taleb Bendiab Nabila Soufi , Benkhedda Salim , Henaou Latifa
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Heart failure with preserved LVEF (left ventricular ejection fraction) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in hypertensive patients. A close correlation between the achievement of diastolic function and longitudinal systolic dysfunction could have several explanations, first the diastole is a dependent energy process, especially during its first phase, it also includes active systolic components during the iso volumetric relaxation phase.
The objective of this work is to determine the effect of diastolic function on the drop in GLS (global longitudinal strain) in hypertensive patients with preserved LVEF.
Materials and methods: This work is to perform in a series of 400 hypertensive patients (aged 25-75 years) an echo study full cardiographic, including the study of the systole-diastolic function, and the evaluation of the function by the longitudinal 2D strain.
Results: Of the 400 hypertensive patients, 356 patients (89%) had impaired diastolic function, of which 46 patients (13%) had high filling pressures.144 patients had a high LA(left atrial) volume, of which 46 patients had high filling pressures.
Of the 144 patients with high LA volume 118 patients (81.9%) had low GLS.
The mean of blood pressure was significantly higher in patients with low GLS.
There is a statistically very significant relationship between lower GLS, increased left atrium volume, and increased left ventricular filling pressures in hypertensive patients.
Conclusion: The decline in longitudinal index of function, despite preserved LVEF, correlates well with increased left atrial volume, filling pressures in hypertensive patients with LVH (left ventricular hypertrophy). The association between hypertension with LVH and the deterioration of asymptomatic diastolic function is well recognized.
Contexto extremo e emoções em cenários de ruínas organizacionais: um estudo cross culture
Authors: Ferreira Marcia Crespo , Pardini Daniel Jardim , Ribeiro Jurema Suely de Araujo Nery , Peixoto Victor Andrey Barcala
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: Neste artigo, objetivou-se compreender como o contexto extremo de pandemia de COVID-19 e as ruínas organizacionais causadas por ele impactaram nos estados emotivos e em processos decisórios e, consequentemente, na gestão de negócios em diferentes culturas.
Método: A pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva, do tipo cross culture, foi realizada em dois polos gastronômicos, as cidades de Belo Horizonte (MG) e Roma (Itália), em uma amostra de 114 restaurantes.
Principais Resultados: A pandemia de COVID-19 foi classificada como contexto extremo de disruptura, emergencial e potencialmente de risco. Os cenários de ruínas organizacionais encontrados corroboram a divisão realizada e demonstraram grande impacto nas emoções. Além disso, foram encontradas diferentes soluções gerenciais diante do contexto extremo em cada uma das culturas. O processo de tomada de decisão mostrou alternativas para as empresas sobreviverem à crise. Cem por cento dos entrevistados apresentaram emoções negativas.
Relevância / Originalidade: As situações de incerteza produzidas por contextos extremos impactam na gestão e nas estratégias de sobrevivência organizacional que podem provocar ruínas organizacionais, como demonstrado na pesquisa nunca antes realizada no Brasil e com um tema ainda pouco pesquisado mundialmente.
Contribuições Teóricas / Metodológicas: Os resultados da pesquisa ampliam o conhecimento teórico e empírico acerca das estratégias de desconstrução, evidenciação e reconstrução de empresas e dos aspectos emotivos desses gestores e o modo como gerenciaram a crise em cada país.
Contribuições Sociais / para a Gestão: A pesquisa contribui para ampliar o conhecimento das situações de risco e vulnerabilidade em contextos extremos, ao mesmo tempo que discute novos conceitos associados às ruínas organizacionais e elucida o impacto das emoções no processo de ruína causado por contextos extremos.
Efeito das conexões políticas e da corrupção no desempenho econômico empresarial no âmbito da Lei Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
Authors: Cavalcante Danival Sousa , De Luca Marcia Martins Mendes
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: Investigar os reflexos das práticas de conexões políticas e de corrupção no desempenho econômico de empresas condenadas por corrupção pela Securities and Exchange Commission por violarem a Lei Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA).
Método: A amostra reúne 131 companhias, responsáveis por 138 casos, desde o início da vigência da FCPA, em 1978, até 2019. Aplicaram-se técnicas de estatística descritiva, comparação de médias e regressão linear múltipla.
Principais Resultados: O desempenho econômico das empresas foi explicado positivamente por práticas integradas de conexões políticas e corrupção. Verificou-se um movimento crescente no desempenho dessas empresas na extensão temporal das práticas, registrando-se o maior desempenho no ano da condenação.
Relevância / Originalidade: O estudo supre lacunas na literatura, ao envolver, de forma integrada, as práticas de corrupção corporativa e conexões políticas no desempenho econômico empresarial, assim como a análise desse desempenho na extensão do tempo, em torno da prática de corrupção.
Contribuições Teóricas / Metodológicas: Contribui-se para a literatura ao relacionar os construtos à teoria da dependência de recursos. Os resultados alcançam as organizações, o Estado e os stakeholders em geral, que servirão para subsidiar decisões e políticas que digam respeito ao controle da corrupção e à manutenção de alianças. No entanto, o resultado pode representar uma disfunção socioeconômica, já que tais práticas não são benéficas para a economia no contexto organizacional, não podendo ser legitimadas independentemente dos fins desejados.
Mathematical modeling of secondary raw materials drying process in activated carbon production line
Authors: Safin R.G. , Rodionov A.S. , Sotnikov V.G. , Ziatdinova D.F. , Timerbayev N.F.
Published: September 2023

Mathematical modeling of the convective drying process for the activated carbon production line, which is an effective and inexpensive adsorbent, is presented. At the Department of Wood Materials Processing of Kazan National Research Technological University (KNITU), a pyrogenetic processing unit for secondary raw materials into activated carbon was developed. An important stage in the preparation of raw materials for thermal processing is its drying, which reduces the energy costs of heating the material. To identify the optimal technological parameters of the convective drying process, numerical mathematical modeling of changes in the moisture content and temperature of wood particles was carried out by solving a system of heat and mass transfer equations recorded for an infinite plate. Dynamic curves of temperature and humidity of the material have been obtained, which will allow us to recommend technological parameters for the installation. The approbation of the mathematical.
CHEIRO DA FLOR (INS)URGENTE
Authors: Soares Luiz Henrique Moreira
Published: September 2023

A partir da noção de “literatura empenhada”, apresentada por Antonio Candido em Formação da Literatura Brasileira, publicado em 1959, para traduzir o espírito de “missão” que figurou no trabalho artístico dos escritores árcades e românticos que intentavam construir uma identidade nacional e uma cultura brasileira válida, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar de que maneira esse caráter “empenhado” ainda está presente na literatura brasileira contemporânea. Neste cenário, observa-se que o caráter “empenhado” não apenas persiste, como também parece ter sofrido uma reconfiguração, uma reinvenção – agora não mais com o anseio de “construir uma nação”, mas se estabelecendo por meio do deslocamento de modelos hegemônicos, da legitimação de vozes subalternizadas e do reconhecimento da necessidade de produção de outras perspectivas, constituindo, muitas vezes como potência (ins)urgente – que questiona os problemas, abjeções e os espaços políticos e sociais por meio de obras literárias que buscam ressignificar vozes historicamente subalternizadas, estabelecendo uma empenhada resistência.
POESIA MAIS QUE MARANHENSE NO CENÁRIO NACIONAL
Authors: Santos Marcos Antônio Fernandes dos
Published: September 2023

Este artigo trata de uma produção de final do século XX, escrita por uma poeta maranhense. Trata-se de Litania da velha, de Arlete Nogueira da Cruz. Por sua vez, objetiva discutir sobre aspectos de sua produção e a importância da poesia escrita por Arlete Nogueira, para a construção de uma literatura mais que maranhense. Assim, verifica-se que Artele inscreve nas Letras nacionais uma obra de grande valor, não apenas estilístico, metafórico, artístico, mas também histórico e representativo. O poema representa parte da história da velha cidade de São Luís, assim como indica uma preocupação com o patrimônio histórico nacional, com a história e a vida do povo brasileiro. A poesia maranhense, assim como outrora, se expande para além do território em que nasce e expande horizontes, escancarando nossas raízes, nosso povo e a beleza da palavra que brota de cada canto de nossa imensa nação.
VIDA RESSIGNIFICADA
Authors: Silva Kelly Cristina dos Santos , Santos Silvana Maria Pantoja dos
Published: September 2023

O trabalho propõe analisar o processo de rememoração do eu poético na obra Recôndito, da escritora maranhense contemporânea Inês Pereira Maciel. A ressignificação do vivido implica dar um novo sentido às lembranças, a partir dos impactos do presente, isso porque a memória permite o revezamento entre passado e presente. A pesquisa amparou-se nos pressupostos teóricos de Maurice Halbwachs (2006) e Joel Candau (2014), dentre outros não menos importantes. A obra Recôndito engloba poemas que tratam de perdas, tristezas e,sobretudo, relações sociais e afetivas. A saudade torna-se presente por meio da relação do sujeito poético com a cidade e com as lembranças compartilhadas entre amigos e familiares, contribuindo para a formação da identidade do sujeito que rememora.
Polimorficzny obraz struktury rodziny w świetle współczesnej literatury psychologicznej
Authors: Walęcka-Matyja Katarzyna
Published: September 2023

This article reviews the literature of psychological, to show the richness and diversity of criteria, based on which scholars dealing with issues of family will attempt to define it. Given the extent of thematic work particularly focused on the presentation of the typology of families, formed on the basis of the structure of the family. The theoretical analysis of the result two main conclusions. The first relates to the fact that the systematic attempt to diverse groups of family indeed serve as cleanup discussed the phenomenon of social and allow a better understanding of the specificity of the functioning of the categories of families. In addition, allow the capture of the problems and difficulties that are associated with them. While the second proposal relates to the fact that the multiplicity and diversity found in the literature typology of families, combined with a large number of different terms used to define them is a problem for researchers involved in this issue.
Próba stworzenia typologii ludzi starych na przykładzie osób korzystających z dziennych domów pomocy społecznej
Authors: Jankowska Monika
Published: September 2023

The issue undertaken in this essay focuses on the matter of life satisfaction of older people. The purpose was to create a typology of older people with the use of independent variables (the care needs; the goodness of relations with close persons; social activity) and characterize the types by especially quality of life indicators – whole and current life satisfaction (dependent variables). Socio-ecological health model and a life span development approach were the theoretical base of the study. The research was conducted in day care homes in Poznań on a sample of 84 volunteers – elderly day care home residents. The following trial set of questionnaires have been completed by the investigated group: Questionnaire of Personal Details and RANaF (Relations, Activity, Care Needs and their Fulfillment) Questionnaire both made by author and Life Satisfaction Scale. Cluster analysis was made in this research. Four main types of older people were distinguished: 1) family; 2) socially passive; 3) compensatory and 4) socially active type. To sum up, findings of the research have led to following conclusions: 1) relations with close persons and social activity is a significant predictor of current life satisfaction of elderly day care home residents: a) social activity has no significance for current life satisfaction of younger elderly, if their relations with close persons are satisfying, b) social activity in conjunction with relations with close persons are significant predictors of current life satisfaction for older elderly; 2) good relations with close persons and high social activity perform a protective function of pathological aging process: a) high social activity is connected with lower care needs and greater independence in activities of daily living in the group of older elderly; 3) subjective health status is a secondary predictor of life satisfaction, considering relations with close persons and social activity as a prime predictors of current life satisfaction.
Spójność i zróżnicowanie typów osobowości zawodowej według J. L. Hollanda a poziom natężenia wybranych wymiarów psychologicznych
Authors: Paszkowska-Rogacz Anna
Published: September 2023

Tested hypothesis derived from J. L. Holland’s (1997) theory of vocational choice: relations between combination of levels personality dimensions (Consistency, and Differentiation) and three work related personal variables (Self-Control, Acquiescence and Pragmatism). Holland’s Vocational Preference Inventory – VPI (Polish version 1998 by Nosal, Piskorz i Świąt-nicki) was used to identify consistent-inconsistent and differentiated-undifferentiated vocational patterns. Measures of Self-Control and Acquiescence were also computed using the VPI. Wojciszke’s The Pragmatism Scale (derived in part from the Self-Monitoring Scale and based on M. Snyder’s – 1974, 1979 – theory of the pragmatic and principled selves) was used to identify level of Pragmatism. Ss were 100 person, 66 women and 34 men, ages 23 to 61 years (M = 34,86,SD = 10,88) with higher level of education. They represented conventional and social types of vocation. Ss’ scores on VPI inventory using cluster analysis were grouped into three combinations of personality profiles – Consistent/Differentiated, Inconsistent/Differentiated, and Inconsistent/Undifferentiated. By using clusters as independent variables was found that Inconsistent/Undifferentiated profiles had the lowest Acquiescence scores and Consistent/Differentiated had the lowest Self-Control scores. Inconsistent/Differentiated profiles were associated with the highest Pragmatism.
Nieśmiałość a kompetencje temporalne młodzieży
Authors: Tucholska Kinga , Tucholska Stanisława
Published: September 2023

The study refers to a problem of temporal competence in shy youth. The research question was: Whether and what differences in the level and the structure of temporal competences are in the group of young people with various level of shyness? The group of 286 (F–178, M–108) aged 15–18 years was tested. The Shyness Questionnaire by W. R. Crozier and The Temporal Competences Questionnaire by Z. Uchnast and K. Tucholska were applied. The analysis of results obtained allows to state that the shy youth has significantly lower level of temporal competence in general. They suffer from the lack of acceptance of their past and present situation, and deficit in prospective approach. The results of conducted research may direct the therapeutic work with shy people on the issues of their openness to various dimensions of psychological time. It should be noticed that the essence of shyness is not only in the lack of social or communicative competences but also it is connected with the lack of basic competences in psychological time experience.
Religion and Worldviews: The Way Forward?
Authors: Hutchings Tim , Benoit Céline , Shillitoe Rachael
Published: September 2023

This article builds on Worldview – A Multidisciplinary Report (Benoit, Hutchings and Shillitoe, 2020), a publication commissioned by the RE Council of England and Wales to outline the academic history of the study of worldviews. We focus on three particularly significant questions for the future of Religious Education (RE) / Religion and Worldviews (R&W) arising from our report. First, what is the relationship between worldview and religion? Second, does worldview present a valuable approach to the study of non-religion? And third, can worldview be deployed effectively in the classroom? We conclude with a call for greater attention to the voices of teachers and pupils in curriculum design in RE.
The Collective Ownership of Knowledge: Implications for the Study of Religion/s in Local Contexts
Authors: Cox James L.
Published: September 2023

The 2021 Conference of the British Association for the Study of Religions coincided with the fiftieth anniversary of the establishment of a degree programme in Religious Studies in the School of Divinity at the University of Edinburgh. After tracing developments in the Edinburgh Religious Studies course, which gradually witnessed a move away from a model based on the world religions paradigm towards emphasising the centrality of teaching about and conducting research on religions in local contexts, this paper argues that discerning future directions in the study of religion/s must begin by examining critically the aims and uses of extracting knowledge from localised communities. The traditional phenomenological aim of Religious Studies was to foster understanding of religious traditions by suspending temporarily the researcher’s pre-formed academic judgements, employing an empathetic approach and then creating structures or typologies for comparative purposes. This method, which was based on the notion that knowledge produces enlightenment, came under severe criticism during the latter part of the twentieth century. Alternative interpretations of knowledge were developed, particularly knowledge as power, which analysed the way knowledge is obtained and how it is used by those in positions of authority. A further stage in research is now emerging that conceives knowledge as collective communal property, thus challenging the pervasive academic assumption that knowledge of local religious traditions is freely accessible to anyone choosing to investigate it. By adopting the concept ‘relational research’, the author argues that fundamental methodological, pedagogical and ethical innovations in contemporary approaches to the academic study of religion/s will result.
An Opportunity for Expanding University-School Connections: Stakeholder Views of the Religion and Worldview Proposal
Authors: Harvey Sarah , Newcombe Suzanne
Published: September 2023

This article explores the results of an 18-month project exploring the opinions on Religious Education in schools and the religion and worldview’s proposal (CoRE 2018) with key stakeholder groups ‘outside the classroom.’ This article begins with a review of relevant academic critiques and then explores the key themes revealed by the stakeholder groups in the course of the research. We highlight three key thematic areas of challenge 1) structural and resourcing issues facing RE in schools, 2) conceptual debates about key words and areas of subject focus and pedagogical approach and 3) the perceived value of the subject. These issues are explored in some depth, noting that all groups thought that greater resource sharing and cooperation between the various stakeholders was important. It concludes by arguing that this discussion offers a unique opportunity for university engagement. Although academics in particular expressed concerns about a lack of conceptual coherence in the religion and worldview proposals, we suggest that university engagement with schools could effectively model constructive discussions across differences of academic disciplines and the various ways of understanding beliefs, practices and ethical choices.
Retrospections and perspectives: The Study of Religions in Hungary at the University of Szeged
Authors: Máté-Tóth András , Szilárdi Réka , Szugyiczki Zsuzsanna
Published: September 2023

In Hungary, both the study of religion as an academic discipline and a degree program started in 1997 at the University of Szeged. The first department for the Study of Religion was founded at the same university in 2000. Both were initiated by Prof. Dr. Dr. András Máté-Tóth, who will resign soon, leaving the department in the hands of one of his very first students, associate professor Réka Szilárdi, Ph.D. Habil., co-author of the present paper. She has the task and challenge to reboot the program and the department and modernize the teaching materials and methods to frame the program for the near future. In her work, she is supported by a young scholar, Zsuzsanna Szugyiczki, who completed the department’s BA and MA programs, and will soon finish her Ph.D.

Our paper is a result of true collaboration, with its primary goal to discuss the leading trends in the study of religions in Hungary through the development of the first Hungarian department for the Study of Religion. In describing the most important conditions and turning points, we will reveal some parallels with the paradigmatic changes of the international history of the discipline. The most important milestones are, first, the turn from theology to the study of religions represented by the work of Máté-Tóth; second, the transdisciplinary approach in the Study of Religion represented by Szilárdi; and finally, the open questions regarding the repositioning of the discipline in the scientific milieu and the public discourse in Hungary.
La producción de nuevas naturalezas en la alta Amazonía peruana (1940-1981) y las tesis de Ester Boserup
Authors: Bedoya-Garland Eduardo , Aramburú C. E. , López-de-Romaña Anel
Published: September 2023

El propósito de este trabajo es describir las condiciones históricas, poblacionales, económicas y ambientales que condujeron a la expansión de la frontera agrícola y demográfica en la selva alta peruana, particularmente la cuenca del Alto Huallaga, durante las décadas comprendidas entre 1940 e inicios de 1980. El texto describe y analiza cómo la dinámica de expansión de la frontera demográfica, a través de agricultores colonos de origen altoandino, provocó una intensa presión sobre los recursos naturales, el posterior deterioro ambiental y, eventualmente, la saturación demográfica regional. Los colonos migrantes reprodujeron continuamente sus unidades familiares de producción y consumo en los territorios de frontera y en el proceso crearon nuevas naturalezas y destruyeron otras. En ese contexto, buscamos explorar los vínculos entre el incremento demográfico en el Alto Huallaga y los sistemas agrícolas de roza y quema que los acompañaron, así como las consecuencias socioambientales y la dinámica de retroalimentación constante entre estos procesos. Al hacerlo, ponemos a prueba el modelo de extensificación e intensificación del uso del suelo de la economista Ester Boserup.
Bamboo: Technology Innovations Towards Value-added Applications: A Review
Authors: Baksi Sangeeta , Srivastava Pradeep
Published: September 2023

Bamboo is remarkably varied and adaptable with a wide range of anatomical, structural and chemical properties. All of the bamboo plant, from rhizome and root to culm and leaves is utilized-there are nearly two thousand recorded uses. Bamboo has gained considerable importance recently as a structural material. Bamboo can substitute not only wood, but also plastics, steel, cement and other materials in structural and product applications through improvements in processing technologies, product innovation with the application of scientific and engineering skills. The sector has vast potential for generating income and employment, especially in the rural areas. Towards promoting the usage of bamboo into value-added products, the National Mission on Bamboo Applications has been a major initiative by the Govt. of India under the 10th five year Plan. Primary processing of bamboo i.e. cross-cutting, splitting, knot removal, sliver making, strip making and round stick making may be carried out at rural cluster zones. After primary processing of bamboo, a lot of waste is generated. This waste may be effectively converted into value-added products such as activated carbon, charcoal etc. Efforts are underway for converting bamboo into usable form of energy by gasification. These gases can replace diesel up to 70% thus catering to energy needs (Tripathi, 2008). The by-products of biomass gasification in the forms of volatiles are rich sources of chemicals. The conversion of bamboo waste into charcoal is also being explored for catering to rural energy needs. The low-cost technology could be taken up for commercial production particularly in rural areas. This review paper discusses in detail about the properties and application of bamboo as wood, primary and secondary processing of bamboo and preservation of bamboo. The paper brings out technology overview of the products and associated business opportunities.
Development and Quality Evaluation of Vacuum Fried Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) Chips
Authors: Praveena N. , Surya R. , Fairoosa K. , Rajesh G.K. , George Anusha K. , Tasneem S.A. Fathima
Published: September 2023

Background: Jackfruit is unique tropical fruit, increased popularity worldwide in recent years for its immense health benefits and its flavour. The high postharvest losses and the seasonal availability of jackfruit increase the scope of vacuum frying technology. Vacuum frying technology offers health benefits as well as attractive physical properties. As the boiling point and smoke point is decreased due to the reduced pressure applied during vacuum frying, thermal degradation of oil and loss of nutrients at high temperature can be checked and the absence of oxygen during the process inhibits the lipid oxidation and enzymatic browning which helps to maintain the color and flavor of the raw feed. Methods: Different pre-treatments (blanching, drying, freezing and untreated) were done for vacuum fried jackfruit chips and compared with atmospheric fried sample in blended oil (rice bran and palm oil (80:20)). Result: The Un-treated sample had the best qualities with less oil content (33.35%), moisture content (0.501%), hardness (1.04 N), water activity (0.487). The optimized treatment condition at 100°C, 9kPa vacuum for 20 min with de-oiling speed of 1000 rpm at 5 min. produced chips with good quality parameters like less oil content (20.73%), hardness (1.04N), water activity (0.473), moisture content (0.481%), L* (70.18), a* (2.71) and b* (35.41). The threshold level of TPC in edible oil was 25-27%.
Response of Yield and Agronomic Output of Bangabandhu dhan100 under Varying Sowing Window in Cold Prone Rangpur Region
Authors: Rana Md. Masud , Hossain Md. Belal , Roy Tapon Kumar , Shultana Rakiba , Hasan Md. Rokebul , Naher Umme Aminun , Biswas Jatish Chandra , Maniruzzaman Md.
Published: September 2023

Background: Selection of a suitable planting time is one of the key factors for obtaining a desirable rice grain yield. This study focuses on the effect of planting date on the key agronomic traits and provides useful information on optimal planting window to maximize grain yield of Bangabandhu dhan100 in the cold-prone Rangpur region, Bangladesh. Methods: The study was conducted at the Rangpur regional station farm of the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute from October 2021 to June 2022. The selected cultivar was seeded on eight different dates at a 15-day interval, starting on October 16. Time series data on agronomic parameters including seedling biomass, leaf number of seedlings and tiller number per plant were collected at a 15-day interval. Result: A good relationship was found between accumulated GDD (growing degree days) and the associated leaf number per plant and the highest leaf number was observed with early seeding. Similarly, seedling biomass yield depended on accumulated GDD and it was found to be higher at early seeding than late seeding. The tillering pattern of Bangabandhu dhan100 was influenced by planting dates and reached its peak at 60 days after planting for all seeding dates. The highest tiller number (368/plants) was found when the cultivar was seeded on December 1. Total biomass showed an increasing trend after planting and reached its maximum of 13.9 t/ha with December 1 seeding. Planting time significantly influenced the grain yields and the highest yields were observed during seeding between 1 and 16 December; yields gradually decreased with the advancement of seeding dates. This finding provided a good idea for the selection of an optimal planting time for Bangabandhu dhan100 to maximize grain in the Rangpur region, Bangladesh.
Major Placenta Previa in Advanced Age Among Nulliparous With Cesarean Section: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: El Sayed Azza Ismail , Labib Elkashif Mirfat Mohamed , Ahmad Elawany Thanaa Ali , Fathy Azza Mohamed , Fahmy Elsaba Howaida Amin Hassan
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCTION:Major placenta previa with advanced maternal age (AMA) is a significant risk factor for obstetric hemorrhage and associated maternal and neonatal complications.

OBJECTIVE:The objective was to study major placenta previa in advanced age among nulliparous with cesarean section.

METHODS:This prospective cross-sectional study analyzes 78 pregnant women of advanced age with major placenta previa under a cesarean section. Data were collected using interview questionnaires between January 2019 and June 2020.

RESULTS:The mean gestational age at delivery was 35.7 ± 3 years. Antepartum hemorrhage, premature membrane rupture, and placenta accreta occurred in 15.4%, 35.9%, and 15.4% of cases, respectively. About 12.8% of women were at risk of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. Fetal distress, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), and cesarean hysterectomy occurred in 37.2%, 46.2%, and 15.4% of patients. Mean Apgar scores in the first and fifth minutes were 7.0 ± 0.90 and 8.0 ± 0.82, respectively. The mean birth weight was 2.7 ± 0.14823. Of neonates, 37.2% were premature, 37.2% required resuscitation, less than half (44.9%) were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit, and 37.2% had respiratory distress syndrome. Moreover, there is a statistically significant relationship between placenta accreta and cesarean hysterectomies and the occurrence of PPH. Also, a highly significant association was observed between the use of antenatal steroids, fetal distress, Apgar score <3 at 1 minute, and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.

CONCLUSION:Major placenta previa with AMA significantly influences pregnancy outcomes and is considered an obstetric emergency. Therefore, early detection of major placenta previa and proper management during clinical care is essential.
El reto de la educación superior mediante las plataformas virtuales de educación durante el COVID-19
Authors:   , Nicolini Zevallos Mariana Carolina
Published: September 2023

La pandemia del COVID-19 ha tenido un impacto de dimensiones aún desconocidas en la educación superior, induciendo a una impronta de adquisición de nuevas competencias mediáticas de manera acelerada. En este proceso han sido distintas las estrategias que ha tomado tanto el sector público como el privado, para lograr sobreponerse a la coyuntura.  La presente investigación busca explorar la relación entre docentes de educación superior y el uso de plataformas de educación virtual, centrándose particularmente en las percepciones de estos frente a los procesos de capacitación y aprendizaje por los que han discurrido de manera acelerada debido a la urgencia que planteaba la pandemia por generar respuestas. El objetivo principal es analizar la preparación con la que cuentan los docentes de educación superior frente a la educación virtual por medio de las plataformas virtuales de educación. Para ello se condujeron 10 entrevistas de tipo semiestructuradas con docentes peruanos de educación superior pública y privada localizados tanto en Lima como en regiones al interior del país. La guía de entrevista correspondiente se dividió en 3 bloques temáticos referidos a la alfabetización mediática de los docentes previa a la pandemia, la utilización de las plataformas educativas virtuales y el desarrollo de competencias mediáticas educativas a partir del estado de emergencia. Los hallazgos señalan una clara diferencia entre ambos sectores debido sobre todo a la preparación previa con la que contaba el sector privado frente al público, así como la implementación de las plataformas de manera oportuna y el reto de la conectividad.