bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FABIANA RAQUEL LEITE. A LÍNGUA GERAL PAULISTA. “VOCABULÁRIO ELEMENTAR DA LÍNGUA GERAL BRASÍLICA”. SAARBRÜCKEN: NOVAS EDIÇÕES ACADÊMICAS, 2015. 222P. ISBN 978-613-0-16849-0
Authors: Noelli Francisco Silva , Sallum Marianne
Published: November 2024

O conhecimento linguístico e histórico da Língua Geral Paulista está em construção. O tema despertou interesse na década de 1950 e a definição mais citada é a de Aryon D. Rodrigues, de 1996, considerando que o termo “língua geral” foi usado no Brasil pelos portugueses desde o século XVII para designar as “línguas faladas por toda a população”, como resultado das relações entre indígenas falantes das línguas da família Tupi-Guarani e europeus. Ele considerou que às línguas gerais “foi-se agregando um contingente de origem africana e contingentes de vários outros povos”.
Utilização de geoprocessamento na localização de potenciais sítios arqueológicos associados a camboas de pedra no litoral maranhense
Authors: Castro Brandão Vaz dos Santos Thales , Silva Soares Leonardo , Costa Fernandes Vaz dos Santos Márcio , Bandeira Arkley Marques
Published: November 2024

A presente nota de pesquisa resulta de um desdobramento da pesquisa financiadapela Bolsa Produtividade em Pesquisa do CNPq (PQ-2), denominado Inventário de conhecimento dos sítios arqueológicos na Ilha de São Luís - MA: zoneamento territorial, que dentre os objetivos, destacam-se a identificação, mapeamento e cadastramento de sítios arqueológicos na Ilha de São Luís. Nesta publicação será enfatizada a aplicação das ferramentas do geoprocessamento para identificação e predição de sítios arqueológicos denominados de camboas ou gamboas de pedra como estruturas para pesca, que estão majoritariamente situadas em zonas estuarinas, praiais e em entremáres, distribuidas espacialmente por todo o Litoral Maranhense. O recorte espacial abordado nessa nota de resultados focará especificamente nos sítios existentes no Litoral Ocidental do Maranhão, também conhecido como Litoral Equatorial Amazônico ou Margem Equatorial Brasileira.
Longa duração no Baixo Rio Urubu: Análise cerâmica do Sítio AM-IT-30 Pedra Chata, Município de Itacoatiara (AM- Brasil)
Authors: Gama Luiza Caroline Vieira
Published: November 2024

Neste artigo apresentamos os resultados da análise realizada no material cerâmico do sítio arqueológico AM-IT-30 Pedra Chata (Itacoatiara, AM). Apresentamos elementos detectados nos conjuntos cerâmicos, que nos auxiliam observar a manutenção de identidades em áreas com fluxos culturais. Ao expor nosso estudo de caso, procuramos também contribuir metodologicamente e participar do debate regional acerca das classificações das cerâmicas arqueológicas do baixo rio Urubu, na Amazônia Central.
Lesions to Different Regions of the Frontal Cortex Have Dissociable Effects on Voluntary Persistence in Humans
Authors: van Geen Camilla , Chen Yixin , Kazinka Rebecca , Vaidya Avinash R. , Kable Joseph W. , McGuire Joseph T.
Published: November 2024

Deciding how long to keep waiting for uncertain future rewards is a complex problem. Previous research has shown that choosing to stop waiting results from an evaluative process that weighs the subjective value of the awaited reward against the opportunity cost of waiting. Activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) tracks the dynamics of this evaluation, while activation in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and anterior insula (AI) ramps up before a decision to quit is made. Here, we provide causal evidence of the necessity of these brain regions for successful performance in a willingness-to-wait task. Twenty-eight participants (20 female and 8 male) with lesions to different regions of the frontal lobe were tested on their ability to adaptively calibrate how long they waited for monetary rewards. We found that participants with lesions to the vmPFC waited less overall, while participants with lesions to the dmPFC and anterior insula were specifically impaired at calibrating their level of persistence to the environment. These behavioral effects were accounted for by systematic differences in parameter estimates from a computational model of task performance.
HABITANDO EL FOTOMATÓN: RESISTENCIAS Y AFECTOS FOTOGRÁFICOS QUEER
Authors: Jiménez-Leciñena Javier
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo se propone analizar la fotografía como lugar de resistencia política y afectividad para las personas queer, centrándose en concreto en la fotografía de fotomatón. Para ello, se ha elegido una fotografía de 1953 que servirá para analizar varias cuestiones. En primer lugar, las potencialidades de subversión espacial que el fotomatón posibilita, como un espacio semiprivado e íntimo en el espacio público, que permitía un refugio momentáneo para parejas queer que no podían exhibir su amor públicamente. En segundo lugar, la posibilidad de hacerse una foto y dejar constancia de esa relación proscrita será también una de las potencias de este espacio, explorándose con ello la especial relación afectiva del medio fotográfico con las vidas queer. Se sostendrá por ello que es el carácter indexical de la foto lo que la hace eminentemente atractiva a la hora no solo de atestiguar la existencia de la pareja, sino de construirla material y simbólicamente. En suma, todo girará en torno a la exploración de la fotografía queer como espacialidad habitable en sí misma; partiendo así de un diálogo desde el presente con el pasado, en una conexión conscientemente transtemporal y políticamente útil.
Failure behavior in mechanical testing of two plywood products distributed in Korea
Authors: Lee In-Hwan , Lee Min , Kang Eun-Chang , Park Yonggun , Lee Sang-Min
Published: November 2024

The structural performance was tested for two plywood products distributed in South Korea: Plywood for roof (RP) and plywood for concrete form (CP), in accordance with ASTM standards. The evaluation included tests for tensile-shear strength under wet conditions, bending performance, compressive strength, and rolling shear strength. Results indicated that the CP specimens exhibited a compressive strength of 37 MPa, surpassing that of structural cross-laminated timber (CLT) with comparable specific gravity. The bending performance of CP plywood was also notable, with a modulus of rupture of 56.8 MPa and a modulus of elasticity of 12 GPa. The rolling shear strength was measured at 2.4 MPa, which is favorable compared to the rolling shear strengths of European structural wood species. Notably, the failure pattern was ideal. Furthermore, the CP specimens demonstrated excellent adhesive strength in the tensile-shear test after cyclic boiling, both meeting and exceeding the Korean standards for structural plywood in all evaluated aspects. In contrast, the RP specimens did not fully meet some of the Korean standards, indicating areas for improvement in structural applications.
Belangke bamboo (Gigantochloa pruriens) laminated board modified with polystyrene, citric, and boric acid: Resistance from termite and decay attacks
Authors: Hartono Rudi , Sutiawan Jajang , Surya Kusumah Sukma , Tarmadi Didi , Wikantyoso Bramantyo , Khoirul Himmi Setiawan , Yusuf Sulaeman , Zulfiana Deni , Muhammad Roseley Adlin Sabrina , Abu Falah
Published: November 2024

Polystyrene, citric, and boric acid are capable of enhancing the quality of bamboo as a raw material for laminated board (LB). Although the characteristics of the modified LB has met the JAS 234 (2003) standard, the resistance against termite and decay attacks was still unknown. In this work, a 6-h immersion time was used to immerse bamboo lamina in polystyrene, citric, and boric acid. Laminated board comprising 3 layers of 30 cm x 15 cm x 1.5 cm (length x width x thickness) were constructed using 280 g/m2 isocyanate adhesive from bamboo lamina using double-spread adhesive method. This was followed by resistance testing against termite wood and decay caused by T. versicolor and F. palustris using the JIS K 1571 (2010) standard. Parameters calculated after testing for termite included weight loss and mortality, while weight loss was determined after evaluating the decay using JIS standard. The results showed that modification with polystyrene, citric, and boric acid slightly increased the resistance of LB from belangke bamboo against termite and decay attacks. In comparison, samples modified with polystyrene had lower weight loss than others, which showed high resistance to attacks. This showed that modification with polystyrene could be recommended to improve the quality of LB from belangke bamboo.
Alterations in antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidation, and nitrite levels in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Do Nascimento Sousa da Silva Juliene , Melo Barbosa Lívio , Da Silva Eric Mariano , De Souza Faria Gustavo Hugo , Klaywer Sousa da Silva Kaio , De Oliveira Araújo Guilherme , Percário Sandro , Barros Marques Ana Lígia , Souza Ferreira Michelli Erica
Published: November 2024

Background: this case-control study delves into oxidative and antioxidant markers, including Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), lipid peroxidation, and nitrites, alongside glucose levels in individuals with hyperglycemia due to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in comparison to their healthy counterparts. Furthermore, the study explores the impact of glucose on these variables. Methods: twenty patients diagnosed with T2DM and hyperglycemia were included, along with a control group of 20 healthy subjects (Control Group – CG). Glucose levels, as well as oxidative markers (malondialdehyde and nitrites) and antioxidants, were assessed in the blood plasma of each participant. To ascertain statistically significant differences between the studied variables across groups, Student t-test or Mann–Whitney tests were employed. Pearson’s Linear Correlation test was utilized to evaluate associations between the variables. Results: glucose and TAC levels exhibited significant elevation in the T2DM group compared to the CG. In T2DM patients, malondialdehyde and nitrites demonstrated reduced levels (1.83±0.84 µM/L and 29.5±16.6 µmol/L, respectively) in contrast to the CG (4.00±1.11 µM/L and 82.9±29.2 µmol/L, respectively), with both parameters showing a robust positive correlation (p = 0.0002). Conclusions: individuals with diabetes manifest alterations in the redox state, characterized by diminished lipid peroxidation and nitrite levels, suggesting disruptions in the constitutive pathway for nitric oxide production. This underscores the intricate interplay between oxidative stress, antioxidants, and glucose metabolism.
Itinerários formativos e a segmentação horizontal na contrarreforma do Ensino Médio
Authors: Maciel Pereira Gisele Adriana , Fofonca Eduardo , Schwanka Salomé Josélia
Published: November 2024

O presente estudo objetiva perscrutar em que medida a flexibilização curricular estabelecida pela contrarreforma do Ensino Médio, a partir da Lei n. 13.415 (Brasil, 2017) e dos itinerários formativos, espelham tanto as recomendações da Organização para a Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico, por meio do Programa Internacional de Avaliação de Estudantes, quanto as propostas provenientes do Todos pela Educação, baseado na governança pelos números. Recorrer-se à análise de conteúdo a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental para desvelar os jogos de poder envolvidos na defesa da segmentação horizontal enquanto dispositivo para a manutenção das estruturas de classe.
O fenômeno da branquitude e a legislação educacional brasileira
Authors: Moura de Carvalho Carlos José , Marques de Moraes Jorge Luiz
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho pretende vincular o letramento racial ao estudo da branquitude e da eugenia, levando-se em conta o contexto educacional brasileiro, em especial no que diz respeito ao arcabouço legislativo que o sustenta. Nesse sentido, são apresentadas relevantes reflexões e análises acerca desses termos nos documentos que normatizam a Educação no Brasil, tais como a Lei de Diretrizes e a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). Sendo assim, constitui intenção expressa dos autores investigar como apagamentos e omissões na legislação educacional brasileira contribuem para a permanência de uma estrutura social excludente, discriminatória e racista.
Асабовыя ўласныя iмёны ў беларускiх народных казках (іх этымалогія, роля ў казках i асаблівасці перакладу)
Authors: Danyiová Alena
Published: November 2024

The presented publication describes personal proper names in Belarusian folk fairy tales, their origin and meaning, patronymics and hypocoristics. At the same time, the publication presents male and female names in Belarusian with their Russian and Czech equivalents, analyzes their role in fairy tales and their prevalence at the present time.
Библейские персонажи в сербской и кашубской фразеологии
Authors: Гончарова Ксения
Published: November 2024

The study of phraseology is of great culturological interest, since any language contains an extensive number of phraseological units which contain unique information about the culture and way of life of different peoples One of the most important phenomena that influenced the Christian world was the texts of the Holy Scriptures, which, undoubtedly, was reflected in the language in the form of nationally characteristic phraseological units. This chapter provides a comparative analysis of phraseological units mentioning Bible characters in two Slavic languages - Serbian and Kashubian
Autenticita a žánre politickej kampane (v kontexte prezidentských volieb)
Authors: Halienová Gabriela
Published: November 2024

The chapter is devoted to the notion of authenticity in relation to the stylistic aspects of communication. We understand authenticity as a stylistic and social meaning and focus on its understanding in communication in general and in citizen-oriented political communication. The more traditional and newer genres used in election campaigning are identified, and we interpret their relevant stylistic aspects in relation to authenticity. The basis of the research carried out was the political campaign of the candidates in the presidential elections of the Slovak Republic in 2024.
Теоретическое вступление в проблематику служебных частей речи в концепциях чешских и российских лингвистов
Authors: Граздилова Катержина
Published: November 2024

Our chapter discussed the Russian and Czech understanding of functional parts of speech. The ideas and opinions of six Russian linguists and four Czech linguists were presented. Russian linguists are more divided on which parts of speech fall into this category. Czech linguists agree that functional parts of speech include prepositions, conjunctions, and particles. Unlike Russian linguists, they also use different terminology, they use the terms "synsématický, synsémantika". In addition to different parts of speech, the opinions of Czech and Russian linguists coincide.
Образ земли в славянских древностях
Authors: Милосердова Яна
Published: November 2024

Thus, the earth is the most important concept in the Slavs' perception. It is associated with the most significant stages of the life cycle: birth, death. It acts as an identifier of belonging to a certain territory: we can observe this in the opposition between "own" and "foreign" lands. The concept of land is part of the universal picture of the world: myths, rituals, general ideas are almost similar in everything, but each nation brings something different due to certain national features, which indicates to us the peculiarities of culture.
Językowa kreatywność jako przejaw autentyczności w podkaście Joanny Okuniewskiej Ja i moje przyjaciółki idiotki
Authors: Poroszewska Dominika
Published: November 2024

The chapter discusses the theoretical assumptions about the podcast as a media genre and makes a linguistic analysis of selected linguistic means considered creative in the podcast "Ja i moje przyjaciólki idiotki". Conclusions were drawn that linguistic creativity in the podcast in question has a key connection with the authenticity of expression, which manifests itself, among other things, in giving different meanings to familiar expressions, direct expression of emotions and thoughts, and spontaneity
Мотивы деревни, социального устройства и состояния души в двух модернистских произведениях М. Коцюбинского
Authors: Федоренко София
Published: November 2024

This chapter examines the life of the Ukrainian writer Mikhail Mikhailovich Kotsyubinsky (1864-1913), his work and views. The main task is to reveal the main motifs of the works "Intermezzo" and "Fata Morgana", to describe their similarities, contrasts and ideological essence. Particular attention is paid to the historical background, which will be the key to perceiving the meaning of these works. Such an analysis will reveal the ideas of impressionism in the works we analyze. Finally, we will look at how the works influenced literature, history, and how they resonated with readers.
Poznámky k funkcionálnej orientácii slovenskej literárnej kritiky v 70. a 80. rokoch dvadsiateho storočia
Authors: Makara Martin
Published: November 2024

The chapter surveys the functions that Slovak literary criticism set out to perform in its theory in the 1970s and 1980s. This period of literary criticism's history is specific because the official evaluative reflection of literature operated in the context of centrally directed cultural politics, and thus also acquired power competencies that were historically not its own. Amongst important functions of literary criticism in this period, apart from those directly related to the literary context, were ideological-legitimizing (but also partly subversive), educational, and expertise-related functions.
Переводческие трансформации в субтитрах к фильму Pelíšky
Authors: Гайворонская Мария
Published: November 2024

The chapter analyzes translation transformations in Russian subtitles for the Czech film "Pelíšky". Translation transformations are considered taking into account the type of translation, because translating subtitles requires special translation solutions. The article mainly deals with lexical transformations, because they are particularly difficult when subtitling. Each translation transformation requires a balanced approach, in view of the choice of technique will determine the level of closeness of the subtitles in terms of lexical-semantic and emotional impact to the original.
Uso de sílica no processo de secagem de sementes de aveia
Authors: Xavier Andrigo Farias , Bernardy Ruan , Monteiro Rita de Cassia Mota , Pinto Karine Von Ahn , Gadotti Gizele Ingrid
Published: November 2024

Diante dos desafios com o armazenamento e secagem de sementes no Brasil, é fundamental desenvolver alternativas para aprimorar esses processos. Este trabalho avalia a eficácia da sílica-gel na secagem de sementes de aveia. O estudo, realizado na Universidade Federal de Pelotas, analisou a secagem de sementes de aveia branca com umidade inicial de 15% e 17%. Foram distribuídas 15 g de sementes em estações experimentais com diferentes quantidades de sílica-gel (6 g, 12 g, 18 g) e um controle, em esquema fatorial 2 x 3. As sementes foram colocadas sobre uma tela de alumínio adaptada em gerbox com sílica, e amostras foram coletadas durante 24 h, com leituras a cada 6 h. Com 15% de umidade, recipientes com 6 e 18 g de sílica apresentaram uma perda de água de 0,4581 e 0,8012 g. Com 17% de umidade, as sementes perderam 0,8339 e 1,2016 g. O estudo indica que a sílica-gel é eficaz na secagem de sementes de aveia, sendo uma alternativa viável para minimizar perdas e manter a qualidade.
Novel ultralow positioning of the umbilical artery catheter: A prospective pilot study
Authors:   Department of Neonatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland, Tomaszkiewicz Anna ,   Past address: Department of Neonatology, Ujastek Medical Center, Cracow, Poland, Szymański Piotr ,   Past address: Department of Neonatology, Ujastek Medical Center, Cracow, Poland,   Department of Neonatology, R. Czerwiakowski Hospital, Cracow, Poland, Kruczek Piotr ,   Past address: Department of Neonatology, Ujastek Medical Center, Cracow, Poland,   Department of Neonatology, R. Czerwiakowski Hospital, Cracow, Poland
Published: November 2024

Objective: Thrombosis is a common complication of umbilical artery catheterization. The purpose of this study was to compare the novel ultralow umbilical artery catheter position (catheter tip at the junction of the umbilical and internal iliac arteries) versus the conventional high umbilical artery catheter position (tip in the aorta, above the diaphragm) for the incidence of thrombosis. Study design: This study was conduct- ed in a nonacademic, tertiary-referral neonatal center. The insertion and placement of the umbilical artery catheter was performed under continuous ultrasound guidance. Serial ultrasound examinations were per- formed to identify thrombosis in 38 consecutive newborns with an umbilical artery catheter placed in the novel ultralow position. The control group consisted of 50 infants with an umbilical artery catheter placed in the standard position. Results: The incidence of thrombosis requiring anticoagulant treatment was 22% in neonates with an umbilical artery catheter in the standard position. No thrombosis was detected in those with an umbilical artery catheter placed in the ultralow position. The study and control groups had similar catheter indwelling times (mean, 8.2 ± 4.1 vs. 8.5 ± 4.0 days, p = 0.687). Conclusions: This is the first report to present a novel position for the placement of umbilical artery catheters. The preliminary findings for the novel ultralow umbilical artery catheter position indicate that it may provide a safety benefit over the conventional umbilical artery catheter position.
Advancing high-resolution musculoskeletal ultrasound: A histology- and anatomy-driven approach for enhanced shoulder imaging. Part I: Posterior and coronal shoulder
Authors:   Ultrasound, UZR – Swiss Ultrasound Center, Institute of Rheumatology, Basel, Switzerland, Tamborrini Giorgio ,   Clinic for Rheumatology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, Micheroli Raphael ,   Ultrasound, UZR – Swiss Ultrasound Center, Institute of Rheumatology, Basel, Switzerland,   Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland, Ricci Vincenzo ,   Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milano, Italy, Becciolini Marco ,   Ultrasound, Misericordia di Pistoia, Pistoia, Italy,   Ultrasound, Scuola Siumb di Ecografia Muscoloscheletrica, Italy, Garcia-Pompermayer Mario ,   Rheumatology, Hospital San Jose, TecSalud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico, Belmar Gonzalo Andres Serrano ,   Department of Radiology, Clínica Alemana, Santiago, Chile, Müller-Gerbl Magdalena ,   Institute of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Musculoskeletal Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, Margenfeld Felix ,   Institute of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Musculoskeletal Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Published: November 2024

Ultrasound is a reliable imaging modality for diagnosing and assessing musculoskeletal disorders. Recent advancements in ultrasound technology have substantially improved image resolution, enabling the visu- alization of anatomic structures on a near-microscopic level. However, existing guidelines for standardized shoulder ultrasound primarily rely on earlier machine models and settings that may not harness the full potential of these high-resolution imaging capabilities. This article provides a simple and systematic guide to high-resolution sonography of the shoulder using anatomical and histological images from cadavers for comparison. International standard techniques are considered, and images were obtained using modern equipment. This two-article series systematically shows the examination and normal findings, presenting first the posterior, then frontal, then further anterior, followed by lateral and, optionally, the axillary exami- nation. In this article, the focus is on the posterior and coronal shoulder.
Etikai megfontolások az innováció biztonságpolitikára gyakorolt hatásaival kapcsolatban
Authors: Szilágyi Tamás
Published: November 2024

A Kooperatív Doktori Program keretében végzett „Innováció és társadalmi felelősség – A fenntarthatóság etikai aspektusai egy tudományközi megközelítésben” című kutatásom egyik fontos szelete az innováció, az ember által létrehozott technikai világ Hans Jonas-i értelemben vett „apokaliptikus potenciáljának” feltárása és etikai szempontú elemzése. Jelen tanulmány az innováció és a biztonságpolitika közötti konvergencia jelenségét vizsgálja, különös tekintettel az innovációs folyamatok biztonságpolitikai aspektusaira és az ezekből fakadó etikai megfontolásokra. A tanulmány részletesen elemzi az elmúlt évtized meghatározó technológiai fejlesztéseinek hatását a biztonságpolitikai paradigmákra, és amellett érvel, hogy az innováció és a biztonságpolitika konvergenciája új megközelítéseket követel a döntéshozóktól, beleértve a folyamatos tudásbővítést, az etikai és technopolitikai implikációk mérlegelését, vala-mint a rugalmas és agilis reakcióképességet. A tanulmány átfogó képet ad az innováció és a biztonságpolitika dinamikus kölcsönhatásáról, hangsúlyozva, hogy az etikai szempontok kulcsszerepet játszanak e két terület metszéspontjában.
PANDANGAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP KEMASLAHATAN LEGALISASI GANJA UNTUK MEDIS
Authors: Sobirin Yusup , Mukhlas Oyo Sunaryo
Published: November 2024

Abstract: This study aims to see the view of Islamic law on the benefits of legalizing marijuana for medical needs. This research adopts a type of qualitative research with a focus on data sources, especially data found through library research. This method is included in the category of literature research, which in the context of legal research can be classified as normative juridical research or literature law research. The results of this study show that the use of medical marijuana, when used correctly and according to the recommended dose, is not a problem and can be considered. However, if it is used abusely for personal gratification, it can be punished as haram. The maslahah and mudharat aspects of the use of marijuana as medicine, when considered from the perspective of Islamic law, emphasize the emergency of the situation. When the use of marijuana is urgent, it can be accepted according to the rules in Islam. However, when misused, it will be a mudharat that endangers oneself and others.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pandangan hukum Islam terhadap kemaslahatan legalisasi ganja untuk kebutuhan medis. Penelitian ini mengadopsi jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan fokus pada sumber data, terutama data-data yang ditemukan melalui analisis kepustakaan (library research). Metode ini masuk dalam kategori penelitian kepustakaan, yang dalam konteks penelitian hukum dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai penelitian yuridis normatif atau penelitian hukum kepustakaan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan ganja medis, apabila digunakan dengan benar dan sesuai dosis yang direkomendasikan, tidak menjadi masalah dan dapat dipertimbangkan. Tetapi, jika digunakan secara penyalahgunaan untuk kepuasan pribadi, hal tersebut dapat dihukumi sebagai haram. Aspek maslahah dan mudharat terhadap penggunaan ganja sebagai obat, jika dipertimbangkan dari perspektif hukum Islam, menekankan pada daruratnya situasi. Ketika penggunaan ganja mendesak, bisa diterima sesuai kaidah dalam Islam. Namun, ketika disalahgunakan, hal tersebut akan menjadi mudharat yang membahayakan diri sendiri dan orang lain.
EKSISTENSI FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGI (FINTECH) ALAMI SHARIA PADA PEMBIAYAAN CROWDFUNDING
Authors: Nur Hida Ziyana , Jubaedah Dedah , Sar'an Mohamad
Published: November 2024

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Eksistensi Fintech Alami Sharia pada pembiayaan Crowdfunding, di mana kehadiran Financial Technologi merupakan efek positif dari perkembangan teknologi di bidang keuangan, fintech yang berlandaskan syariat Islam menjadi inovasi besar pada keuangan syariah khususnya di Indonesia. Penelitian termasuk jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan fokus pada sumber data, terutama data-data yang ditemukan melalui analisis kepustakaan (library research). Metode ini masuk dalam kategori penelitian kepustakaan, yang dalam konteks penelitian hukum dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai penelitian yuridis normatif atau penelitian hukum kepustakaan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kehadiran Fintech Alami sharia dengan segala inovasi dan eksistensinya terutama dalam pembiayaan crowdfunding yang sudah terbukti membantu banyak UMKM membuat keuangan syariah Indonesia diakui ruang internasional pada penghargaan GIFA 2022, hal ini menjadi motivasi sekaligus gerbang kesuksesan keuangan syariah bisa melaju dengan cepat.
Abstract: This study aims to analyze the existence of Natural Sharia Fintech in Crowdfunding financing, where the presence of Financial Technology is a positive effect of technological developments in finance, fintech based on Islamic law is a major innovation in Islamic finance, especially in Indonesia. Research is a type of qualitative research with a focus on data sources, especially data found through library research. This method is included in the category of literature research, which in the context of legal research can be classified as normative juridical research or literature law research. The results of this study show that the presence of Fintech Alami sharia with all its innovations and existence, especially in crowdfunding financing which has been proven to help many MSMEs make Indonesian sharia finance recognized internationally at the 2022 GIFA awards, this is a motivation as well as a gateway to the success of Islamic finance can go quickly.
PERKEMBANGAN PRANATA BANK SYARI’AH DI INDONESIA UPAYA MENDORONG PEREKONOMIAN UMAT BERBASIS MAQASID AL SYARI’AH
Authors: Nasrudin Nasrudin , Ruhendi Ateng , Nursari Nina , Ikhwan Ikhwan , Aziz Riva Abdillah
Published: November 2024

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemikiran dan gerakan umat islam Indonesia dalam membangun ekonomi kerakyatan berbasis Maqasid Al-Syari’ah, sebagai alternatif terhadap sistem ekonomi kapitalis dan sistem ekonomi sosialis. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Teknik yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan (library research). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penegakkan Maqasid Al-Syari’ah dalam bidang perbankan dapat disebut sebagai bagian dari perjuangan umat islam di bidang ekonomi syari’ah. Sehingga, keberadaannya memerlukan perlindungan legislasi. Peranan pemerintah dalam menegakkan hukum syari’ah sangat berpengaruh. Sistem Bank Islam merupakan sebuah hasil dari transformasi prinsip-prinsip dan mekanisme perekonomian yang terdapat dalam al-Quran dan al-Sunnah sebagai upaya mendorong umat dalam memajukan perekonomian berbasis Maqasid Al-Syari’ah di Indonesia.
Abstract: This study aims to determine the thoughts and movements of Indonesian Muslims in building a popular economy based on Maqasid Al-Syari'ah, as an alternative to the capitalist economic system and socialist economic system. This research is a type of qualitative research with a normative juridical approach. The technique used is library research. The results showed that the enforcement of Maqasid Al-Shari'ah in the banking sector can be called part of the struggle of Muslims in the field of shari'ah economy. Thus, its existence requires the protection of legislation. The role of the government in enforcing shari'ah law is very influential. The Islamic Bank System is a result of the transformation of economic principles and mechanisms contained in the Quran and al-Sunnah as an effort to encourage the Ummah to advance the economy based on Maqasid Al-Shari'ah in Indonesia.
KEDUDUKAN BARANG SUCI DAN BARANG NAJIS DALAM JUAL BELI
Authors: Sakinah Gina , Hidayat Nendi Nur , Ponirah Ade
Published: November 2024

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kedudukan barang suci dan barang najis dalam jual beli. Metodologi yang digunakan meliputi teknik kualitatif dan prosedur deskriptif-analitis. Tinjauan pustaka adalah pendekatan penelitian yang mengumpulkan sumber dan metodologi pengumpulan data dengan membaca dan mendokumentasikan studi literatur yang relevan; Selanjutnya, menggunakan mereka sebagai fondasi, peneliti membangun kerangka judul yang kohesif. Metode deduktif dan induktif digunakan dalam analisis data. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa ada kontrak yang saling menguntungkan antara vendor dan pelanggan dalam semua transaksi yang melibatkan barang dan jasa. Muathah mengacu pada praktik jual beli dengan perbuatan (saling memberi), meskipun kontrak itu sendiri tidak menyatakannya secara eksplisit. Agar penjualan menjadi sah menurut hukum Islam, produk harus memenuhi persyaratan berikut: Dilarang membeli dan menjual produk yang tidak murni, orang suci. Jika tidak ada keuntungan, maka hal itu pun tidak bermanfaat. Maka tidak apa-apa untuk berurusan dengan barang-barang kotor karena mereka dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti makanan dan air. Semua hal pada awalnya dianggap memiliki kelebihan dan dapat dijual untuk pupuk pertanian, oleh karena itu jual beli yang terjadi disebut jaiz.
STAGNASI DAN KEMUNDURAN USHUL FIQIH: FAKTOR PENYEBAB, PERAN TOKOH DAN UPAYA PENGEMBANGAN
Authors: Suherli Ian Rakhmawan , Bisri Hasan , Kusuma Nurul Rahmah
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas perkembangan ushul fiqih setelah masa berakhirnya Imam Madzhab yang dikenal dengan periode taqlīd (stagnasi dan kemunduran), memaparkan situasi tentang Hukum Islam pada masa stagnasi yang dimulai pada pertengahan abad ke 4 sampai dengan 12 Hijriah, menganalisa berbagai variabel penyebab adanya penaqlidan dan peran para fuqaha pada masa tersebut. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kualitatif dan bersifat deskriptif analisis dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan studi kepustakaan (library research). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa, pertama: Terjadinya kemunduran dan stagnasi ushul fiqih disebabkan oleh ketidakstabilitasan politik kekuasaan, adanya perspektif hukum dari madzhab yang sudah ada dinyatakan sudah sempurna, sikap yang fanatik kepada para madzhab yang diyakininya, adanya penekanan untuk pengambilan keputusan pada madzhab tertentu di lembaga pengadilan, munculnya penulisan ushul fiqih dari masing-masing madzhab dan kemunduran akhlaq secara masif sehingga ijtihad-ijtihad tertutup. Kedua: Terdapat beberapa fuqaha yang mengkritik ketaqlidan, di antaranya Muhammad al Ghazali, Najmuddin Al Tufi  dan  Fakhruddin Al Razi yang memiliki kesamaan pemikiran dalam penggunaan akal rasio dan keterbukaan akan perubahan dalam pemanfaatan Hukum Islam sebagai upaya menyelesaikan persoalan yang berkembang sesuai per­kembangan zaman.
Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang (Human Trafficking) Terhadap Mahasiswa Indonesia Melalui Program Magang di Jerman
Authors: Utami Sekar Nursyahidah , Nasrudin N
Published: November 2024

Kemajuan teknologi dan koneksi internasional telah membuka peluang baru bagi mahasiswa Indonesia untuk mengembangkan keterampilan dan pengetahuan di tingkat global. Tetapi, peluang tersebut dimanfaatkan oleh sebagaian oknum yang tidak bertanggungjawab untuk mendapatkan keuntungan dengan modus program magang di luar negeri, padahal program tersebut terindikasi Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang (TPPO). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kasus eksploitasi terhadap 1.047 mahasiswa Indonesia yang mengikuti program magang di Jerman, hal ini tentu menggambarkan bahwa praktik ilegal ini masih terjadi dengan label program magang di luar negeri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif, penelitian ini berupaya untuk mengevaluasi tanggung jawab hukum pelaku dan bagaimana upaya penanggulangan TPPO. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kasus program magang di luar negeri memenuhi unsur-unsur TPPO, sehingga memerlukan peningkatan dalam penegakan hukumnya serta upaya penanggulangan yang komprehensif. Klarifikasi definisi, penerapan sanksi tegas, peningkatan kredibilitas aparat penegak hukum dan peningkatan sarana serta fasilitas pendukung menjadi langkah kunci dalam meningkatkan efektivitas penanggulangan TPPO di Indonesia.
Pemberlakuan Hukuman Cambuk dalam Konsep Pemidanaan Sebagai Bagian dari Pembaharuan Sistem Peradilan Pidana Indonesia
Authors: Hendra Hardi Syah , Nursari Nina
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pemberlakuan hukuman cambuk sebagai bagian dari pembaharuan sistem peradilan pidana di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif yang bersifat deskriptif analisis dan teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi kepustakaan (library research) dengan fokus penelitian yang berhubungan dengan pembaharuan sistem peradilan pidana di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa berdasarkan Pasal 29 Ayat (1) dan (2) Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945 menyatakan bahwa: Negara berdasar atas Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa; Negara menjamin kemerdekaan tiap-tiap penduduk untuk memeluk agamnya masing-masing dan untuk beribadat menurut agamanya dan kepercayaannya itu. Sehingga kedudukan hukuman cambuk yang telah diberlakukan di Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam dalam pembaruan sistem peradilan pidana sudah sesuai dengan hukum di Indonesia. Alhasil pemberlakuan hukum tersebut yang dikenal dengan nama Qanun bisa dijadikan model pembangunan hukum di Indonesia yang majemuk dengan tetap mempertahankan bingkai Negara hukum Indonesia.
Nutritional status and changes in muscle and adipose tissue determined by computed tomography as predictors of mortality in hospitalized patients
Authors: Soares Bruna Lúcia de Mendonça , Soares Nataly Maria de Mendonça , Burgos Maria Goretti Pessoa de Araújo , Arruda Ilma Kruze Grande de
Published: November 2024

Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate whether nutritional status and changes in muscle and adipose tissue determined by computed tomography are predictors of mortality in hospitalized patients. This was a prospective cohort study involving patients ≥ 20 years of age hospitalized in a public hospital. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were collected from electronic medical records. Nutritional variables were determined. All patients were followed prospectively until the hospital outcome, which could be discharge or death. Body composition was defined from computed tomography images, with the identification of myopenia, myosteatosis, and myopenic obesity. The sample comprised 542 patients. The mortality rate was 10.7% (95% CI: 6.4-15.0%). The independent predictors of mortality were malnutrition, assessed with the subjective global assessment (hazard ratio: 4.18; 95% CI: 1.01-17.22; p = 0.047), and myopenic obesity (hazard ratio: 2.82; 95% CI: 1.11-7.20; p = 0.029). The findings of the present study add to the limited evidence in the literature that body composition is associated with outcomes in hospitalized patients.
Desfechos oncológicos da dissecção axilar seletiva utilizando carvão a 4% como marcador
Authors: BUDEL LUCAS ROSKAMP , SPAUTZ CLEVERTON CÉSAR , LOUVEIRA MARIA HELENA , CAVALCANTI TERESA CRISTINA SANTOS , FORNAZARI ALESSANDRA CORDEIRO , GASPERIN JUNIOR PLINIO , NISSEN LEONARDO , BUDEL VINICIUS MILANI
Published: November 2024

RESUMO Introdução: O uso de marcadores na axila antes da terapia sistêmica neoadjuvante (TSN) é um tema controverso em mulheres com linfonodos (LN) acometidos. Diversos marcadores foram utilizados resultando em uma redução da taxa de falso negativo ao comparar com o linfonodo sentinela, melhorando a acurácia. Este estudo tem como propósito analisar os resultados oncológicos em mulheres que passaram por dissecção axilar seletiva com marcação prévia à terapia sistêmica neoadjuvante (TSN) usando carvão a 4% e sua relação com o LN sentinela. Métodos: Foram selecionadas pacientes diagnosticadas com carcinoma invasivo de mama, apresentando estágios clínicos T1-4 e N1-2 submetidas à análise de LNs suspeitos e marcação pré TSN com carvão a 4%. Após o tratamento neoadjuvante, os LNs indicados com carvão foram excisados em um mesmo procedimento com o linfonodo sentinela. Os desfechos sobrevida global (SG), sobrevida específica (SE), sobrevida livre de doença a distância (SLDD), recidiva axilar (RA) e recidiva local (RL) foram catalogados. Resultados: Para a análise entre linfonodos marcados e linfonodo sentinela 176 pacientes foram incluídas com taxa de identificação de 95,4% do LN marcado. Para os desfechos oncológicos, cento e sessenta e oito pacientes foram analisadas em 49 meses de tempo mediano. O esvaziamento axilar foi omitido em 89 (50,6%) casos. Cinco/168 (2,9%) tiveram RA. Houve relação entre linfadenectomia axilar e RA (0 vs. 6% p=0,012). A SLDD foi 140/168 (83,3%), SG 158/168 (94%) e SE 158/163 (96,9%). Conclusões: O carvão se destaca como um marcador confiável, acessível e prático para dissecção axilar seletiva. O evento RA não deve ser utilizada para análise após TSN uma vez que é um evento raro e não está relacionada a SG ou SLDD diretamente.
Inibidores da fosfodiesterase 5 para reabilitação da função erétil em pacientes submetidos à prostatectomia radical preservadora de nervo cavernoso: revisão de escopo
Authors: GADELHA GABRIEL CARVALHO ANDRADE , CARVALHO JÚNIOR ARLINDO MONTEIRO DE
Published: November 2024

RESUMO Introdução: O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão de escopo sobre a eficácia dos inibidores da fosfodiesterase-5 (PDE-5Is) na reabilitação da função erétil em pacientes submetidos à prostatectomia radical preservadora de nervos cavernosos (PRPN). Métodos: As bases de dados utilizadas foram MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, LILACS e Web of Science. Foram incluídas revisões sistemáticas com meta-análise sobre o tema, até 5 de Março de 2024, sem restrição de idioma. Foram excluídas publicações que não abordassem alguma das relações citadas. Os dados foram organizados em tabelas para realização de análise descritiva. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos incluídos foi avaliado por meio da ferramenta ROBIS. Resultados: Foram selecionados 8 estudos e todos concluíram que o uso dos PDE-5Is é eficaz na reabilitação peniana. Apenas uma das revisões verificou que o uso por mais de seis meses foi superior ao curto prazo e, outra concluiu que o uso de forma diária foi superior em relação ao uso sob demanda. Além disso, os artigos identificaram mais efeitos adversos no grupo experimental em relação ao grupo controle, mas sem comprometer a adesão terapêutica. Seis dos estudos foram classificados como baixo risco de viés, enquanto os outros dois tiveram risco incerto. Conclusão: Os PDE-5Is são eficazes na recuperação da função erétil em pacientes submetidos à PRPN, sobretudo quando utilizados de forma regular e a longo prazo, cujo seguimento não é prejudicado pelos efeitos adversos. No entanto, devido à escassez de dados, novos estudos devem ser realizados para determinar a melhor forma de utilização dessas medicações.
Cidadania e autarquias em Angola: génese do movimento dos jovens pelas autarquias em Luanda
Authors: Casteiro Pedro Dambi
Published: November 2024

Resumo: O presente artigo traz no seu âmago a problemática da cidadania, autarquias locais, no movimento dos jovens pelas autarquias em Angola, mas especificamente as plataformas Projecto Agir e Placa Cazenga em Luanda. Nosso objectivo consistiu em estudar as expressões de cidadania e analisar através das falas e depoimentos dos entrevistados as actividades realizadas pelos grupos, o surgimento do movimento dos jovens pelas autarquias. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo; usou-se a metodologia qualitativa, a análise de conteúdos e documental.
Sustainability requirements in public tenders - an embedded case study at the Dutch Department of Public Works
Authors: Gelderman Cees Johannes , Semeijn Janjaap , Roos Mart-Jan
Published: November 2024

Abstract The construction industry is under pressure to work much more sustainably. The government is the largest client and has a lot of potential to contribute to sustainability. However, little is known about the effectiveness of sustainability requirements in public procurement for construction projects. This study examines three Rijkswaterstaat road construction projects to understand the role of sustainability requirements. One striking finding is that contractors often adopt additional sustainability measures during construction. This research shows that agreements can evolve flexibly, which highlights the importance of contractual flexibility. This flexibility is essential for effective collaboration and achieving sustainability performance. Contractual adjustments can lead to improved environmental performance by allowing contractors to incorporate innovative and sustainable solutions as the project progresses. It is therefore important that public contracts allow for such adjustments to promote sustainability in the construction sector. Contractual flexibility appears to play a key role in the successful implementation of sustainable practices in construction projects.
Fatores associados à busca das(os) enfermeiras(os) pela formação em auriculoterapia: estudo transversal nacional
Authors: Dallegrave Daniela , Wickert Daiana Cristina , Gonçalves Isabella Goulart , Schimith Maria Denise , Piexak Diéssica Roggia
Published: November 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar o perfil sociodemográfico e evidenciar os fatores associados à busca das(os) enfermeiras(os) pela formação em auriculoterapia. Método: Trata-se de estudo transversal, de abrangência nacional, com 1.154 enfermeiras(os). Os dados foram coletados virtualmente no período de junho de 2021 a janeiro de 2022 por meio de questionário de caracterização sociodemográfica e de formação. As variáveis foram avaliadas por estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: Declararam ter formação em auriculoterapia 301 participantes, a maioria sendo mulheres (88,96%), entre 40 e 46 anos (26,86%), brancas (73,67%), naturais (48,83%) e atuantes (48,16%) na região Sul. A maioria das(os) enfermeiras(os) que têm formação em auriculoterapia (63,12%) não realizou especialização em acupuntura. Conclusão: O exercício profissional de enfermeiras(os) em auriculoterapia é realizado por profissionais que têm formação em cursos de qualificação profissional, fato que é respaldado pelas normativas da política pública e do conselho profissional. A idade foi um fator associado à busca pela formação em auriculoterapia, ou seja, à medida que as(os) enfermeiras(os) envelhecem, especialmente adultas(os) jovens, há uma maior tendência em buscar essa prática.
Association between illness perception, treatment adherence, and emotional state in HIV/AIDS
Authors: Lima Taiana Gomes , Borges Lilian Maria , Pereira Fernanda Martins
Published: November 2024

Abstract: Objective This study sought to investigate associations between illness perception, adherence to antiretroviral medication, and levels of anxiety and depression in individuals diagnosed with HIV/AIDS. Method One hundred and one patients receiving outpatient care at a university hospital completed the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, the Questionnaire for the Assessment of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results Through statistical analyses, using Fisher's exact and Chi-square tests, a statistically significant positive association (p < 0.001) was found between scores of illness perception and anxiety and depression, suggesting that the greater the perception of threat imposed by the disease, the greater the frequency of symptoms of anxiety and depression. Negative and significant associations were also found between adherence to medical prescriptions and perceived threat of living with HIV/AIDS (p < 0.001) and levels of anxiety (p < 0.043). Conclusion Research on psychological variables in chronically ill individuals is necessary to support assessments and interventions in the field.