bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interpassividade e anonimato: o caso dos pasquins em "La Mala Hora"
Authors: Tavares Ane Carolina Randig
Published: May 2020

Neste artigo, pretende-se discutir sobre a função temática e estética dos pasquins (bilhetes anônimos) presentes na composição da narrativa de La mala hora (1962), romance escrito por Gabriel García Márquez. Para isso, será realizada uma aproximação entre literatura e psicanálise, considerando as ideias apresentadas por Slavoj Zizek, no capítulo II, em seu livro Como ler Lacan (2010). Ao relacionar as reflexões de Zizek sobre o coro grego (artifício teatral) e o ciberespaço (artifício virtual) com os pasquins (artifício literário), tem-se o objetivo de averiguar o que esses meios – enquanto espaços de representação – têm em comum, para então compreender os efeitos de sentido dos pasquins na narrativa.
Even moderate geomagnetic pulsations can cause fluctuations of foF2 frequency of the auroral ionosphere
Authors: Yagova Nadezda , Kozlovsky Alexander , Fedorov Evgeny , Kozyreva Olga
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Using data of the ionosonde in Sodankyla, (SOD, 67° N, 27° E, Finland), variations of the critical frequency of o-mode radiowave reflected from ionospheric F2 layer (foF2) in 1–5 mHz frequency range and their possible association with long period (Pc5/Pi3) geomagnetic pulsations are studied. For that, a technique of automatic detection of the foF2 critical frequency from an ionogram is developed and applied to daytime Pc5/Pi3 geomagnetic pulsations and foF2 fluctuations during several months of years 2014–2015 near the maximum of 24-th Solar cycle. The variations of foF2 are compared with the Pc5/Pi3 geomagnetic pulsations at SOD station, and the influence of pulsations' spatial scale is analyzed with the data of a station pair located at the same magnetic meridian but separated in latitude. The variations of foF2 are in the majority of cases decoupled from the geomagnetic pulsations on the ground. Meanwhile, the analysis of geomagnetic and foF2 variations show intervals with noticeable coherence for both horizontal components. These coherent pulsations are predominantly registered in the afternoon sector of the magnetic local time (MLT). Statistically, their spectral content, polarization and spatial distribution differ from averaged parameters of post-noon Pc5 pulsations. The pulsations, coherent to foF2 fluctuations, demonstrate features typical for Alfven field-line resonance. The analysis of space weather conditions favorable for the occurrence of coherent geomagnetic/foF2 pulsations show that these pulsations are registered mostly under moderately disturbed conditions. Comparison of space weather parameters for all the intervals analyzed and the intervals of high geomagnetic/foF2 coherence show that the latter correspond mostly to intermediate values of indexes of geomagnetic (Dst) and auroral (AE) activity, solar wind speed and dynamic pressure fluctuations.
Las cooperativas de viviendas en régimen de cesión de uso: ¿una alternativa real a la vivienda en propiedad y en alquiler en España?
Authors: Simón Moreno Héctor
Published: May 2020

La crisis financiera internacional, motivada por la expansión de la vivienda en propiedad y la falta de regulación de los préstamos hipotecarios irresponsables, ha afectado de manera relevante a algunos países europeos, como España, en particular en el acceso a una vivienda asequible en propiedad o en alquiler. Esto ha motivado el auge del denominado co-housing o vivienda colaborativa como una vía novedosa para acceder a una vivienda, que en España se ha implementado principalmente gracias a las cooperativas de viviendas en régimen de cesión de uso. El presente trabajo explora de qué manera este modelo puede constituir una alternativa a las tenencias inmobiliarias tradicionales en España, la vivienda en propiedad y en alquiler, es decir, si puede crear un tercer mercado de tenencia inmobiliaria otorgando la debida seguridad jurídica, flexibilidad y asequibilidad o se trata de una vía alternativa que, por el momento, no puede generalizarse. Para ello se abordan y se analizan los principales problemas que se detectan en la actualidad partiendo de su configuración legal en el ámbito estatal y autonómico, con algunas referencias al derecho comparado.
Participation and Development Buzzwords
Authors: Hussain Sajad
Published: May 2020

The concept of sustainable development cannot be imagined without ownership, innovation, empowerment, and sustainability itself. In the same manner, it is not possible to achieve objectives of catchphrases like ownership, innovation, empowerment, and sustainability without ensuring genuine participation in the development projects. Genuine participation refers to a participatory process that takes place based on well-informed participants. A well-being outcome of participation relies on participants with sufficient knowledge of the issue and development process (Hussain, Khuhro, 2019). It is different from mobilisation campaign that emphasis on particular project objectives. In order to achieve goals of sustainable development, well-being participation is an essential step to take. This paper argues that a lack of real participation potentially restricts a sustainable development project to achieve objectives of ownership, innovation, empowerment, and sustainability, respectively.
The intravesical injection of highly purified botulinum toxin for the treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity
Authors: Asafu-Adjei Denise , Small Alexander , McWilliams Glen , Galea Giuseppe , Chung Doreen , Pak Jamie
Published: May 2020

Introduction: We aimed to assess safety and efficacy of incobotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity (DO).

Methods: We identified patients with neurogenic DO confirmed on urodynamics (UDS) and reported urgency incontinence (UI) in those who received intravesical incobotulinumtoxin A injection for neurogenic bladder between November 2013 and May 2017. Parameters studied were daytime frequency, daily incontinence episodes, daily pad use, clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) volumes, symptom scores (UDI6, IIQ7, PGII), and complications.

Results: We examined 17 male patients who met inclusion criteria and underwent incobotulinumtoxinA injection. Mean age was 61.2±15.4 years. Fourteen patients (82%) were taking oral antimuscarinics prior to the incobotulinumtoxin A injection. There were improvements in the following parameters: average daily pads (4.5 to 3.3, p=0.465), daily urinary frequency (9.4 to 4.6, p=0.048), daily incontinent episodes (2.5 to 0.4, p=0.033), CIC volumes (400 to 550 mL, p=0.356), hours in between CIC (3.6 to 5.2, p=0.127), and the validated questionnaires UDI6 (30.6 to 7.4, p=0.543) and IIQ7 (52.4 to 6.8, p=0.029). There were no documented symptomatic urinary tract infections (UTIs) within 30 days of injection or reports of de novo urinary retention. Nine of 17 patients (53%) reported being dry at their first postoperative visit.

Conclusions: In this preliminary pilot study of a small cohort of males with neurogenic DO and UI, significant improvements were seen following incobotulinumtoxinA injection in daily frequency, incontinence episodes, hours in between CIC, and quality of life. Larger-scale and long-term studies are required to confirm these results, but initial findings are promising for wider use of this formulation.
Clinical outcomes of glansectomy with split-thickness skin graft reconstruction for localized penile cancer
Authors: Beech Ben B. , Chapman David W. , Rourke Keith F.
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Penectomy as the traditional surgical treatment of penile cancer, has substantial adverse functional and psychological impact. Glansectomy with split thickness skin graft (STSG) reconstruction aims to provide curative resection while maximizing functional outcomes, and minimizing psychological harm. We describe our outcomes of glansectomy with STSG reconstruction for penile cancer in a Canadian setting. Methods: We identified patients undergoing glansectomy with STSG genital reconstruction for squamous cell carcinoma of the penis from July 2006 to July 2019 at a single center. Patients undergoing glansectomy for reasons other than penile cancer were excluded. We collected clinical and pathological data, including patient demographics, 90-day complications, positive margin rate, local recurrence rate, disease-specific survival, and functional outcomes. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize our cohort and to examine outcomes.

Results: Twelve men met study criteria with a median age of 62 years. Seven patients had failed prior treatment. The 90-day complication rate (Clavien >2) was 0% and graft take was excellent in all cases. The positive margins rate was 16.7% (n=2). Local recurrence occurred in two patients (16.7%), one of whom underwent a repeat organ-sparing surgery for salvage, while the other underwent radical penectomy for high-risk pathological features. Disease-free survival at a median followup of 14 months was 91.7% (11/12). Standing voiding and erectile function, as well as satisfactory cosmesis were preserved in all patients.

Conclusions: Glansectomy with STSG reconstruction is a safe and effective treatment for men with localized penile cancer with simultaneous preservation of cosmesis, as well as urinary and sexual function.
Quality of life, depression, and psychosocial mechanisms of suicide risk in prostate cancer
Authors: Tripp Dean , Mihajlovic Valentina , Fretz Katherine , Fervaha Gagan , Izard Jason , Corby Rebecca , Siemens D. Robert
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common non-cutaneous cancer in men and is usually identified at a stage at which prolonged survival is expected. Therefore, strategies to address survivorship and promote well-being are crucial. This study’s aim was to better understand suicidal behavior in PCa patients by examining psychosocial mediators (i.e., depression, psychache, perceived burdensomeness [PB], thwarted belongingness [TB]) in the relationship between quality of life (PCa-QoL) and suicide risk.

Methods: Four hundred and six men with PCa (Median age 69.35 years, standard deviation 7.79) completed an online survey on various psychosocial variables associated with suicide risk. A combined serial/parallel mediation model tested whether depression, in serial with both psychache and PB/TB, mediated the relationship between PCa-QoL and suicide risk.

Results: Over 14% of participants’ self-reports indicated clinically significant suicide risk. Poorer PCa-QoL was related to greater depression, which was related to both greater psychache and PB/TB, which was associated with greater suicide risk. The serial mediation effect of depression and psychache was significantly stronger than that of depression and PB/TB. PCa-QoL did not predict suicide risk through depression alone, showing that depressive symptoms affect suicide risk through psychache and PB/TB.

Conclusions: Given the alarming estimate of individuals at-risk for suicide in this study, clinicians should consider patients with poorer PCa-QoL and elevated depression for psychosocial referral or management. Psychache (i.e., psychological pain) and PB/TB (i.e., poor social fit) may be important targets for reducing suicide risk intervention beyond the impact of depression alone.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of trials evaluating the role of adjuvant radiation after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer: Implications for early salvage
Authors: Bhindi Bimal , Lokeshwar Soum D. , Klaassen Zachary , Klotz Laurence , Wallis Christopher J.D.
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Recent reports suggest that early salvage radiation (esRT) is non-inferior to adjuvant radiation (aRT) for adverse pathological features at radical prostatectomy. However, aRT was accepted as a standard treatment primarily based on effects on biochemical progression-free survival (bPFS). In order to understand the merits of esRT, the objective was to reassess if aRT vs. observation is associated with improved overall survival (OS).

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomized trials evaluating aRT was performed. The primary outcome was OS. Secondary outcomes were metastasis-free survival (MFS), loco-regional recurrence-free survival (RFS), bPFS, and adverse events. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis.

Results: Four randomized trials including 2068 patients with a median followup of 8.7–12.6 years were identified. While all trials reported a bPFS benefit, only one reported an OS benefit. Upon meta-analysis, no significant OS benefit was detected with aRT vs. observation (hazard ratio [HR] 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61–1.33), although consistent bPFS (HR 0.47; 95% CI 0.41–0.54) and local-RFS (HR 0.54; 95% CI 0.39–0.73) benefits were noted. There is an uncertain MFS benefit with aRT (HR 0.79; 95% CI 0.62–1.01), and the effect is largely driven by one trial with a notable risk of bias. There was also a risk of overtreatment, with 35–60% of patients being biochemical recurrence-free with observation alone. Adverse events risk was greater with aRT vs. observation.

Conclusions: Although aRT vs. observation provides a bPFS benefit related to local control, there is no clear OS or MFS benefit, a greater risk of adverse events, and a risk of overtreatment. By extension, these data have implications for patient selection and counselling for esRT.
Urological issues in pregnancy: A review for urologists
Authors: White Joshua , Ory Jesse , Lantz Powers Andrea G. , Ordon Michael , Kroft Jamie , Cox Ashley
Published: May 2020

Urological issues in the pregnant patient present a unique clinical dilemma. These patients may be challenging to treat due to risks associated with medications and surgical procedures. This review aims to provide an update on the physiological changes and surgical risks in pregnancy. In addition, we review the approach for management of urolithiasis and urinary tract infections (UTIs) in pregnancy. Lastly, we highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to placenta percreta, a condition not commonly addressed in urological education.
Better the Devil You Know: The Impact of Brexit Political Uncertainty on European Financial Markets
Authors: Cucinelli Doriana , Farina Vincenzo , Schwizer Paola , Gaia Soana Maria
Published: May 2020

The paper investigates the market reaction to three different events related to Brexit through an event study analysis, i.e. the announcements of the referendum date (20 February 2016), the referendum result (23 June 2016) and the election of Theresa May as Prime Minister (11 July 2016). We study the impact of these announcements on stock prices of UK companies belonging to export- and import-oriented industries. We also investigate the influence of previous events on stock prices of European companies belonging to the same sectors. Our results show that financial markets did not perceive the announcement of the referendum date and the election of Theresa May as Prime Minister as elements of political uncertainty. However, in the days before the referendum, investors priced it as an uncertain political event. The text analysis conducted on mass media sentiment about Brexit mainly supports the results of our event studies. Stock market performance around the events depends more on industry factors than on firm-specific characteristics, for both UK and EU companies. The only exception is company size, which positively affects investor reaction.
The Impact of Knowledge Management on the Marketing Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in the State of Kuwait
Authors: Al-Ajami Abdulmohsen S. Z. , Ayed Al-Qa’eed Marzouq
Published: May 2020

The study aimed to measure the Impact of Knowledge Management on the Marketing Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in the State of Kuwait. The population of the study comprised of the owners of small and medium enterprises in the State of Kuwait. An appropriate sample of 150 respondents was used and 124 valid questionnaires were retrieved for analysis.

The study reached an effect of knowledge management has been found on the marketing performance in small and medium projects in the State of Kuwait. This reflects the importance of attention to diversifying the sources of obtaining knowledge from the environment surrounding the project in a manner that can be used to its advantage in order to improve the level of its marketing performance. The study also highlighted that the opinions of the study sample on the impact of knowledge management on the marketing performance in small and medium enterprises in the State of Kuwait do not differ according to their practical experiences and scientific qualifications.
Socio-economic Benefits of Non-timber Forest Products to the AFCOE2M Communities of Southern Cameroon
Authors: Caspa R. G. , Nyambi G. N. , Amang Mbang J. , Mabe M. N. , Nwegueh A. B. , Foahom B.
Published: May 2020

A study was carried out in the community forest of Ebo, Medjounou and Mbamesoban communities (AFCOE2M) in the South Region of Cameroon to evaluate the contribution of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) to the people’s livelihood.

The study identifies the various NTFPs used and further evaluates their socio-economic and cultural contributions in sustaining the livelihood of the AFCOE2M community. Essentially, the study assesses the exploitation and utilization of NTFPs. One Hundred and twenty five (125) individuals were randomly selected in the three villages that make up the AFCOE2M community forest. Fifty two (52) species of NTFPs of plant origin were identified, from which seven (7) were frequently used in all the three villages namely; Irvingia gabonensis, Trichoscypha acuminata, Alstonia boonei, Garcinia kola, Piper guineense, Picralima nitida, and Ricinodendron heudelotii. Results reveal that NTFPs plant parts used for consumption consist of 68% fruits, 20% seeds, 5% barks, 4% roots and 3% leaves. NTFPs used for medicinal purposes comprised of 70% barks, 16% seeds, 7% leaves, 5% fruits and 2% roots. There was a significant difference (P = 0.049) in the number of NTFP types consumed as food while that was not the case for medicinal NTFPs (P = 0.86). There was a significant difference in the number of NTFP species used for food originating from different land use types (P-value = 0.048) as well as between those used for medicinal purposes (P-value = 0.012).
Seasonal drivers of tuberculosis: evidence from over 100 years of notifications in Cape Town
Authors: Andrews J. R. , Cobelens F. , Horsburgh C. R. , Hatherill M. , Basu S. , Hermans S. , Wood R.
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis incidence varies seasonally in many settings. However, the role of seasonal variation in reactivation vs. transmission is unclear.METHODS: We reviewed data on TB notifications in Cape Town, South Africa, from 1903 to 2017 (exclusive of 1995–2002,
which were unavailable). Data from 2003 onward were stratified by HIV status, age and notification status (new vs. retreatment). We performed seasonal decomposition and time-dependent spectral analysis using wavelets to assess periodicity over time. We estimated monthly peak-to-peak seasonal
amplitude of notifications as a percentage of the annual notification rate.RESULTS: A seasonal trend was intermittently detected between 1904 and 1994, particularly during periods of high notification rates, but was consistently and strongly evident between 2003 and 2017, with peaks
in September through November, following winter. Among young children, a second, higher seasonal peak was observed in March. Seasonal variation was greater in children (<5 years, 54%, 95% CI 47–61; 5–14 years, 63%, 95% CI 58–69) than in adults (36%, 95% CI 33–39).CONCLUSIONS:
Stronger seasonal effects were seen in children, in whom progression following recent infection is known to be the predominant driver of disease. These findings may support increased transmission in the winter as an important driver of TB in Cape Town.
Long-term mortality of patients with tuberculosis in Korea
Authors: Park S. C. , Kang M. J. , Han C. H. , Lee S. M. , Kim C. J. , Lee J. M. , Kang Y. A.
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: Long-term mortality following tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in Korea remains unclear.METHODS: The present study used data from the National Health Insurance Service database, an extensive health-related database including most Korean residents. TB patients
were identified using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision coding (A15-19, U88.0-88.1) and the type of anti-TB drug(s) between 2003 and 2016. Long-term mortality and causes of death in TB patients were analysed.RESULTS: A total of 357 211 individuals
had TB over the period from 2003 to 2016 and 103 682 died. The mean age of the cohort was 54.7 ± 20.7 years, and 59.8% were male. The survival probability of TB patients at 1, 5, and 10 years after diagnosis was 87.8%, 75.3%, and 63.3%, respectively. High mortality and TB-related
death rates were especially prominent in the early stages after TB diagnosis. The overall standardized mortality ratio of TB patients to the general Korean population was 3.23 (95% confidence interval 3.21–3.25).CONCLUSION: Mortality in TB patients was especially high in the
early stages of disease after TB diagnosis, and mostly due to TB. This figure was approximately three-times higher than the mortality rate in the general population.
A cost-effectiveness study of tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection screening in prisons in Japan
Authors: Kawatsu L. , Uchimura K. , Ohkado A.
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: Prison inmates are considered a high-risk population for tuberculosis (TB) in Japan. However, they are currently only screened for active TB using chest X-ray (CXR) as part of an annual health check.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of screening
for latent TB infection (LTBI) using interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) on entry into prison institutions.METHOD: We developed a transmission model of TB, taking into consideration the TB and LTBI epidemiology among inmates in Japan. Using a decision tree, we compared and evaluated
no screening, screening using CXR, and IGRA screening for LTBI with CXR upon entry for a hypothetical cohort of 10 000 persons, aged ≥20 years; active TB cases prevented was the health outcome.RESULTS: It was estimated that 314 active TB cases would occur in the absence
of any screening policy. IGRA with CXR screening averted 176 cases, while just one case of active TB was averted with CXR only screening. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio per active TB case prevented was respectively US$2672 and US$43 984 for IGRA + CXR screening
and CXR only screening.CONCLUSION: Screening with IGRA should be considered as the most cost-effective screening policy for prison inmates.
Evaluation of recorded video-observed therapy for anti-tuberculosis treatment
Authors: Garfein R. S. , Liu L. , Cuevas-Mota J. , Collins K. , Catanzaro D. G. , Muñoz F. , Moser K. , Chuck C. , Higashi J. , Bulterys M. A. , Raab F. , Rios P.
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: Asynchronous video directly observed therapy (VDOT) may reduce tuberculosis (TB) program costs and the burden on patients. We compared VDOT performance across three cities in the United States, each of which have TB incidence rates above the national average.METHODS:
Patients aged ≥18 years who are currently receiving directly observed anti-TB treatment were invited to use VDOT for monitoring treatment. Pre- and post-treatment interviews and medical records were used to assess site differences in treatment adherence and patient characteristics and perceptions.RESULTS:
Participants were enrolled in New York City, NY (n = 48), San Diego, CA (n = 52) and San Francisco, CA, USA (n = 49). Overall, the mean age was 41 years (range 18–87); 59% were male; most were Asian (45%) or Hispanic/Latino (30%); and 77% were foreign-born. The median
fraction of expected doses observed (FEDO) was 88% (IQR 76–96). At follow-up, 97% thought VDOT was “very or somewhat easy to use” and 95% would recommend VDOT to other TB patients. Age, race/ethnicity, annual income, and country of birth differed by city (P < 0.05),
but FEDO and VDOT perceptions did not.CONCLUSIONS: TB programs in three large US cities observed a high FEDO using VDOT while minimizing staff time and travel. Similar findings across sites support VDOT adoption by other large, urban TB programs.
Modelling the potential impact of adherence technologies on tuberculosis in India
Authors: Arinaminpathy N. , Chin D. P. , Sachdeva K. S. , Rao R. , Rade K. , Nair S. A. , Dewan P.
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: For patients taking standard first-line tuberculosis treatment, missing 10% or more of their doses increases the risk of relapse six-fold. Digital technologies offer new approaches to adherence support for TB patients. We estimated the potential impact of new adherence
technologies in India.METHOD: We developed a mathematical model of TB transmission dynamics in India, capturing the independent effects of missed doses and treatment default on post-treatment recurrence. We simulated the impact of interventions to address both missed doses and treatment
default in the public and private healthcare sector.RESULTS: Adherence interventions, if deployed optimally in the public sector alone, would reduce cumulative TB incidence by 7.3% (95% credible intervals [CrI] 4.7–11) between 2020 and 2030, and by 16% (95% CrI 11–23)
if also deployed in the private sector. This impact is roughly proportional to the effectiveness of the interventions. Reducing missed doses reduced incidence by 12% (95% CrI 7.0–18), while reducing treatment default reduced incidence by 7.9% (95% CrI 3.2–13).CONCLUSION:
Minimising missed doses is at least as important as promoting treatment completion. Our results suggest that emerging technologies to improve treatment adherence could have a substantial impact on TB incidence and mortality in India.
SPRAWNOŚĆ POSTĘPOWANIA KARNEGO A PRZERWA I ODROCZENIE ROZPRAWY GŁÓWNEJ. ROZWAŻANIA W KONTEKŚCIE OSÓB DOTKNIĘTYCH CHOROBĄ PSYCHICZNĄ LUB UPOŚLEDZENIEM UMYSŁOWYM
Authors: Boniecka -Hakobyan Dominika
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this article is raising the issue of the efficiency of criminal prosecution in case of the continuance, due to mental disorder or mental disability of the defendant. The text corpus includes the overview of the achievements of the doctrine and judicature in the efficiency of the criminal prosecution with the latest amendments. It has been enriched with the exploration of statistics of the Ministry of Justice regarding the number of complaints for excessive length of criminal proceedings in the years 2012-2016, its most common causes, and the observation of the development of its average duration over the years 2011-2018. The analysis has contributed to draw theoretical and practical conclusions. Firstly, it should be noted, that despite for years there have been trying to increase the efficiency of the criminal prosecution, yet still occasionally, there are circumstances extending the duration of the proceedings. Among these, should be recorded the necessity of preparing expert opinions, in the situation when it comes to even a supposition, that one of the parties to the proceedings, is mentally disordered or with a mental disability. Frequently, such an opinion is preceded by observations and research, which explains the extended time of the procedure. Ultimately, that is justified, in terms of quality and possible consequences of confirmed mental illness, mental disability or any other mental disorder. Secondly, the time required for preparing expert opinions, in indicated above cases, makes possible complaints unreasonable. Thirdly, a recess in a trial may turn out to be insufficient to draw an expert opinion, which can lead to an adjournment and may end up with a need to conduct the whole procedure from the beginning. Unfortunately, that is not the only consequence, as when a recess is followed by an adjournment, the prepared during the recess expert’s opinion may not be used in the next proceedings (conducted from the beginning). The author hopes that the above article would be an incentive to reconsider the subject matter through the prism of described issues.
MONITORING JAKO ŚRODEK ZWIĘKSZAJĄCY POZIOM
BEZPIECZEŃSTWA
Authors: Niedźwiecka Monika
Published: May 2020

do uzupełnienia
Age Alone is not Adequate to Determine Healthcare Resource Allocation during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Montero-Odasso Manuel , Hogan David B. , Lam Robert , Madden Kenneth , MacKnight Christopher , Molnar Frank , Rockwood Kenneth
Published: May 2020

Background

The Canadian Geriatrics Society (CGS) fosters the health and well-being of older Canadians and older adults worldwide. Although severe COVID-19 illness and significant mortality occur across the lifespan, the fatality rate increases with age, especially for people over 65 years of age. The dichotomization of COVID-19 patients by age has been proposed as a way to decide who will receive intensive care admission when critical care unit beds or ventilators are limited. We provide perspectives and evidence why alternatives approaches should be used

Methods  

Practitioners and researchers in geriatric medicine and gerontology have led in the development of alternative approaches to using chronological age as the sole criterion for allocating medical resources. Evidence and ethical based recommendations are provided.

Results

Age alone should not drive decisions for health-care resource allocation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Decisions on health-care resource allocation should take into consideration the preferences of the patient and their goals of care, as well as patient factors like the Clinical Frailty Scale score based on their status two weeks before the onset of symptoms.

Conclusions

Age alone does not accurately capture the variability of functional capacities and physiological reserve seen in older adults. A threshold of 5 or greater on the Clinical Frailty Scale is recommended if this scale is utilized in helping to decide on access to limited health-care resources such as admission to a critical care unit and/or intubation during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Cannabis Effect on Female Reproductive Health
Authors: Ghosh Somenath
Published: May 2020

Cannabis sativa is a cheap hallucinating agent used in different parts of the world from time unknown as a part of various religious as well as social practices. Cannabis which is a special type of Marijuana can provide temporary relief from analgesia, body pain, and in some other clinical conditions. But impacts of Cannabis on reproductive health of males and females are multi-faceted and differentially fatal. In males, Cannabis can cause changes in testicular morphology, sperm parameters (in terms of semen quality, sperm morphology, sperm mortality, and sperm motility), male reproductive hormones and finally causing reduced libido. In females, Cannabis can reduce female fertility by disrupting hypothalamic release of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), leading to reduced estrogen and progesterone production and anovulatory menstrual cycles. Current research suggest that Cannabis may negatively impact on male and female fertility conditions. However, male sterility considering the Cannabis impact is totally lacking in human as well as in sub-human primates. However, very limited studies are available on Cannabis effect on primate female reproduction considering Rhesus monkeys. Hence, further studies are needed to validate that robust findings in animal models will carry over into human experience.
Primary Angioplasty: From the Artery to the Myocardium
Authors: Angel Farah Miguel , Farah Franco , Alejandro Farah Miguel
Published: May 2020

The prognosis of patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is related to the amount of muscle loss and ventricular function deterioration caused by the event. Primary angioplasty is the most effective reperfusion strategy. Early reperfusion limits the size of the infarction and improves the prognosis. However, the incidence of death and post-AMI heart failure remains around 20% during the first year. Factors that contribute to myocardial damage are ischemia, mechanical forces, inflammation, and reperfusion injury. All those take a variable and sometimes unpredictable preponderance at different times during the evolution of acute myocardial infarction. The damage caused by the different mechanisms is irreversible; therefore, any therapeutic strategy must be preventive. Developed treatments for continuous myocardial protection could potentially preserve the myocardium during the delay of the system and during the early evolution of the event. Developed controlled reperfusion procedures where the interventional cardiologist assumes the treatment not only of the culprit vessel but also of the myocardium could potentially decrease myocardial damage, preserve ventricular function, and improve patients’ prognosis.
Hydrazone-Based Small-Molecule Chemosensors
Authors: Moreira Pereira Thiago , Eugen Kümmerle Arthur
Published: May 2020

The hydrazone functional group is widely applied in several fields. The versatility and large use of this chemotype are attributed to its easy and straightforward synthesis and unique structural characteristics which is useful for different chemical and biological purposes. Recently hydrazone scaffold has been widely adopted in the design of small-molecule fluorescent and colorimetric chemosensors for detecting metals and anions because of its corresponding non-covalent interactions. This chapter provides an overview of hydrazone-based fluorescent and colorimetric chemosensors for anions and metals of biological interest, with their representative rational designs in the last 15 years. We hope this chapter inspires the development of novel and powerful fluorescent and colorimetric chemosensors for a broad range of applications.
Systems Glycobiology: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Yaşar Yıldız Songül
Published: May 2020

Glycobiology is a glycan-based field of study that focuses on the structure, function, and biology of carbohydrates, and glycomics is a sub-study of the field of glycobiology that aims to define structure/function of glycans in living organisms. With the popularity of the glycobiology and glycomics, application of computational modeling expanded in the scientific area of glycobiology over the last decades. The recent availability of progressive Wet-Lab methods in the field of glycobiology and glycomics is promising for the impact of systems biology on the research area of the glycome, an emerging field that is termed “systems glycobiology.” This chapter will summarize the up-to-date leading edge in the use of bioinformatics tools in the field of glycobiology. The chapter provides basic knowledge both for glycobiologists interested in the application of bioinformatics tools and scientists of computational biology interested in studying the glycome.
Integrated Pest Management: A Paradigm for Modern Age
Authors: Kaur Tamanreet , Kaur Mandeep
Published: May 2020

Integrated pest management is an effective and environmentally sensitive approach for pest management. It plays an important role in sustainable agriculture and quality of food production by providing maximum economic yield to the farmer and also improving human health and environment. Recent developments in agricultural technology, modern communication tools, changing consumer trends, increased awareness for sustainably produced food systems, and globalization of trade and travel, have necessitated the need for the IPM paradigm as appropriate for modern times. Although the concept of integrated pest management originated almost 60 years ago, currently integrated pest management is a robust paradigm of pest control around the globe. This chapter reviews the history of integrated pest management, its main principles, and components of integrated pest management such as host plant resistance, cultural control, behavioral control, mechanical/physical control, biological control, and chemical control.
Logic as a Blended Course
Authors: Koo Alex ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: May 2020

I present Modern Symbolic Logic, an introductory philosophy course in first-order logic, as a blended course. A blended course integrates online video learning with in-class activities, out of class supports, and deliverables into a cohesive and mutually supporting package. Blended courses are an enhancement on hybrid courses, which focus on online video learning but not on the additional supports needed for an effective learning experience. This paper has two central aims. The first is to present a blended course in action in order to address a need in the literature for detailed reports of blended classes. The second is to advance an iterative approach to blended course design that significantly lowers the bar of entry for instructions hoping to create a blended course.
E-Cigarette or Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury: A Review for Pathologists
Authors: Cecchini Matthew J. , Mukhopadhyay Sanjay , Arrossi Andrea V. , Beasley Mary B. , Butt Yasmeen M. , Jones Kirk D. , Pambuccian Stefan , Mehrad Mitra , Monaco Sara E. , Saqi Anjali , Smith Maxwell L. , Tazelaar Henry D. , Larsen Brandon T.
Published: May 2020

Context.—

Vaping is the inhalation of heated aerosol from a small battery-powered device as a method to deliver nicotine or other substances. A recent outbreak of severe respiratory illness primarily in the United States has put a spotlight on vaping and its potential risks.

Objective.—

To familiarize pathologists with vaping, the cytologic and histopathologic features of vaping-associated acute lung injury, and the role of pathology in this diagnosis.

Data Sources.—

A targeted literature review was performed.

Conclusions.—

Most cases of vaping-associated lung injury have been linked to vaping products containing tetrahydrocannabinol or other cannabinoids. Lung biopsies show a spectrum of nonspecific acute lung injury patterns (organizing pneumonia, diffuse alveolar damage, acute fibrinous, and organizing pneumonia, or combinations of the above), accompanied by prominent, foamy macrophage accumulation. Injury is usually accentuated around small airways. Lipid-laden macrophages can be identified in bronchioloalveolar lavage fluid in most patients and these can be highlighted using lipid stains, such as oil red O, but the clinical utility of this finding remains unclear, as lipid-laden macrophages can be seen in a wide variety of processes and should not be relied upon to make the diagnosis. Classic histologic features of exogenous lipoid pneumonia have not been identified in tissue samples. Lightly pigmented macrophages, similar to those seen with traditional cigarette smoking, are present in some cases but are usually a minor feature. To date, no specific pathologic features for vaping-related injury have been identified, and it remains a diagnosis of exclusion that requires clinicopathologic correlation.
Sobre multimedia: tres miradas a sus protagonistas, escenarios y perfiles profesionales
Authors: Giménez Ferran
Published: May 2020

Ferran Giménez Prado, Director del Graduado en Multimedia de la UOC realiza en este artículo un recorrido por el panorama del mundo de la creación multimedia, su naturaleza y contenidos. Al mismo tiempo repasa varios de sus escenarios y revisa los procesos de trabajo aplicados en la producción multimedia.
A SHIFT IN THE ARTICULATION OF URBAN SOCIETY’S WORKING SPACE
Authors: Ayu Ardianti Permata , Sulistyo Danny Eko
Published: May 2020

Swift technological development has caused shifting habits and changing behavioral pattern or lifestye in all respects, notably among urban society, including in terms of work and self-identity production. Members of society now have elevated flexibility to have their own working spaces. Work now can be carried out independently by a mere piece of gadget anywhere within the virtual room. It is co-working space which facilitates independent workers with a flexible, open-space, relaxed, cozy, entertaining, eye-catching, and now even instagrammable space organizing system. Now that plenty of co-working spaces have been produced, the spatial design of co-working space is gaining much popularity and setting a new trend for conventional office design. Taking a cultural study approach, this work examines how a shift in the meaning of work space takes place in urban settings from that of conventional offices to that of co-working spaces as a needs facility (functionally) and how the co-working space design model later becomes a trend in conventional office designing.
INTERIOR RESTORATION A.A MARAMIS BUILDING MINISTRY OF FINANCE OF INDONESIA: DEVELOPING INTERIOR CONCEPTS WITH THE PRINCIPLES OF CULTURAL HERITAGE RESTORATION
Authors: Purnama Ika Yuni
Published: May 2020

A.A Maramis is a palace building consisting of 3 floors with the 19th century Empire in Indonesia. This building represents the development of Indonesian architecture in the early 19th century. In the renovation planning that began at the end of 2019, the A.A Maramis building is expected to be a historical reminder of how important this agency is as well as the chronology of events that have occurred in the past in order to increase love for the nation and the motherland. In the planning of restoration is expected to become one of the attractive and educative tourism destination. Restoration of A.A. Maramis building refers to the concepts and principles of Cultural Heritage. This study uses qualitative methods and interdisciplinary approaches include history, culture, and aesthetics. The renovation and development as well as the use of the interior or interior is a place to preserve, present and convey information about the travel history of the Ministry of Finance in developing the nation and state of Indonesia.Keywords: A.A Maramis building Ministry of Finance of Indonesia, developing, interior concept, the principle of cultural heritage restoration
HIJAB IN THE INDONESIAN NATIONAL STRUGGLE
Authors: Rahayu Mangesti
Published: May 2020

Fashion and history cannot be separated, because fashion is one indicator of a change in culture, civilization, behavior, and certain identities. Vice versa, changes and developments in fashion are influenced by conditions at the time the fashion is developing, both the social, cultural, political, religious, economic and others. Fashion that is developing in Indonesia is Muslim fashion. One part of Muslim clothing is the hijab, headgear worn by Muslim women. Hijab is not only part of religious observance, hijab is already part of fashion and we can examine the hijab style of a society from its historical period. We can analyze the effects that occurred at that time.This writing will focus on how the hijab style during the struggle for independence, especially the Indonesian female heroes. How their hijab style is greatly influenced by the situation, conditions and even their role in the struggle for Indonesian independence. Hijab style at that time, of course, there are differences with the hijab worn at the present time. Even at that time every Indonesian heroine had a unique hijab style in accordance with their respective character and culture. This is very interesting to be appointed as a study, where the hijab is also part of their identity as Muslim warriors who are not afraid of invading the invaders, and also their role in fighting for the dignity of women at that time.
BATHING HABIT AND LIFESTYLE CHANGING BATHROOM DESIGN AND FACILITIES
Authors: Pane Sri Fariyanti
Published: May 2020

Indonesian people to have a habit of cleaning themselves by bathing with cold water. Hot climate and pollution make our activity in a bath twice a day, morning and afternoon or evening. The bathing habits depending on environmental circumstances in which they are located, whether in the village or in the city. Changes affecting the bathing habits of the interior design of a bathroom and shower. The interior design of the house, especially the bathroom and the toilet is required by the city people have different lifestyles with villagers. Social status to be a difference urban life, lifestyle became a standard acknowledgment to upper-income level. Lifestyle change the habits of a shower and bathroom design, as well as supporting facilities. The bathroom becomes a space of relaxation after a full day of activity outside the home. The interior design and product design into healthcare solutions which have the power sanitary technology based on human needs and activities in the bathroom. By using the approach of beauty through the interior design and lifestyle. This study, using qualitative descriptive analysis using literature data, photos, and direct observations in the field.
Consciousness Reconsidered
Authors: Flanagan Owen
Published: May 2020

Consciousness is neither miraculous nor ultimately mysterious. In this broad, entertaining, and persuasive account Owen Flanagan argues that we are on the way to understanding consciousness and its place in the natural order. No aspect of consciousness escapes Flanagan's probe. Qualia, self-consciousness, autobiographical memory, perceptions, sensations, the stream of consciousness, disorders such as blindsight, various kinds of amnesia, and multiple personality all find a place in a constructive theory that brings into reflective equilibrium insights from a wide array of disciplines to reveal the deep, rich, and complex hidden structure of consciousness.

Flanagan roams freely through a variety of scientific and philosophical domains, showing how it is possible to understand human consciousness in a way that gives its subjective, phenomenal aspects their full due while at the same time taking into account the neural bases of subjectivity. The result is a powerful synthetic theory of consciousness, a "constructive naturalism," according to which subjective consciousness is real, plays an important causal role, and resides in the brain.

Flanagan draws the reader into a world of exciting current debates among such philosophers as Thomas Nagel, Daniel Dennett, Paul Churchland, Patricia Churchland, and Colin McGinn, and he makes this world accessible. He masterfully weaves the latest insights from theory and research in cognitive neuroscience, neural darwinism, connectionist brain architecture, and PET scanners to reveal clear links between events that "seem a certain way" and underlying neural activity. William James's famous phenomenological analysis of consciousness and neurologically impaired characters from the writings of Oliver Sacks and A.R. Luria join the narrative, providing valuable insights into important current controversies on the relation of consciousness to self.

Bradford Books imprint
Theory and Evidence
Authors: Koslowski Barbara
Published: May 2020

In Theory and Evidence Barbara Koslowski brings into sharp focus the ways in which the standard literature both distorts and underestimates the reasoning abilities of ordinary people. She provides the basis for a new research program on a more complete characterization of scientific reasoning, problem solving, and causality. Long acknowledged for her empirical work in the field of cognitive development, Koslowski boldy criticizes many of the currently classic studies and musters a compelling set of arguments, backed by an exhaustive set of experiments carried out during the last decade.

Theory and Evidence describes research that looks at the beliefs that people hold about the type of evidence that counts in scientific reasoning and also examines how those beliefs change with age. The primary focus is on the strategies that underlie actual scientific practice: two general sorts of research are reported, one on hypothesis testing and the other on how people deal with evidence that disconfirms a given explanation—the process of hypothesis revision.

Koslowski argues that when scientific reasoning is operationally defined so that correct performance consists of focusing on covariation and ignoring considerations of theory or mechanisms, then subjects are often treated as engaging in flawed reasoning when in fact their reasoning is scientifically legitimate. Neither relying on covariation alone nor relying on theory alone constitutes a formula for success.

Bradford Books imprint