bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA REALISTIK MENURUT TREFFERS PADA MATERI ARITMETIKA SOSIAL
Authors: BIN FRANS RESI BERNADUS , KATHARINA B.U MAWAR MARIA , ELLISSI WIKE
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan metode PMR pada pembelajaran matematika yang dikemukakan oleh Treffers pada materi aritmatika sosial. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa program studi pendidik matematika yang sedang menyelesaikan skripsi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus 2023. Penggunaan lembar kerja, observasi, dan dokumentasi digunakan sebagai metode pengumpulan data. Teknik analisis data meliputi pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi/kesimpulan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode pengajaran matematika Treffers melibatkan penggunaan pertanyaan konteks spesifik, model matematika, hasil yang dikonstruksi siswa, interaksi, dan interkoneksi.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN SISWA MENURUT TEORI NEWMAN DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA PADA MATERI TEOREMA PYTHAGORAS DI KELAS VIII
Authors: RIAN  , ELLISSI WIKE , BIN FRANS RESI BERNADUS
Published: April 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan jenis kesalahan siswa dan faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya kesalahan siswa menurut teori Newman dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita pada materi teorema Pythagoras di kelas VIII SMPN 2 Ngabang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes, wawancara, dan dokumen. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kesalahan yang paling banyak terjadi atau yang menempati urutan pertama adalah kesalahan keterampilan proses, kemudian urutan kedua adalah kesalahan transformasi, diurutan ketiga ada kesalahan memahami, dan diurutan keempat ada kesalahan penulisan jawaban akhir. Untuk kesalahan membaca, tidak terjadi pada subjek penelitian. Adapun faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya kesalahan yakni siswa tidak menuliskan hal yang diketahui dan ditanya dalam soal, salah dalam menentukan rumus teorema Pythagoras, tidak teliti dalam melakukan proses perhitungan, salah dalam menggunakan operasi hitung, tidak memperoleh hasil akhir, tidak membuat kesimpulan, terjadi kebinggungan dalam menyelesaikan soal serta tidak menuliskan jawaban pada lembar soal.
System Evaluation and Accounting Procedures for Disbursing Cash Using Supply Money (Up) At The South Halmahera Regency Social Service
Authors: RUNTUKAHU Betania , WALANDOUW Stanley Kho , KINDANGEN Wulan D.
Published: April 2024

SKPD accounting systems and procedures include processes that start with recording, summarizing, and reporting finances in APBD accountability. Cash disbursement is a resource component that is very important in implementing programs for development planned by a local government. Supply Money is a work advance in a certain amount given to the Expenditure Treasurer (BP) to finance the daily operational activities of the Work Unit or to finance expenses which, according to their nature and purpose, are not possible to do through a direct payment mechanism. The goal to be achieved by researchers is to evaluate the application of systems and accounting procedures for cash disbursements using supply money (UP) at the South Halmahera Regency Social Service by Minister of Home Affairs Regulation (Permendagri) No. 77 of 2020. The method of analysis in this study is descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of the study show that the System and Procedures for Supply Money (UP) at the South Halmahera Regency Social Service Service are not by Minister Of Home Affairs Regulations Number 77 of 2020 concerning Technical Guidelines for Regional Financial Management, because there are several procedures, namely procedures for Warrants for Paying Supply Money (SPM-UP) and procedures Inappropriate Warrant for Disbursement of Supply Funds (SP2D-UP) and no Verification Letter from the Financial Administration Officer (PPK-SKPD) attached.
A magyar autósport-rendezvények rendészeti vonatkozásai
Authors: Fekete Csaba , Tóth Ágnes Nikolett , Gál Erika
Published: April 2024

Aim: The study approaches the policing aspects of the security of mass events, including sports events, from a specific point of view. The focus of the investigation is not on classic spectacle team sports, but on motor sports. This point of view allows the authors to discuss not only the large number of participants attending the event, but also the safety issues arising from the ultrahazardous activity nature of the sport.Methodology: The study elaborates the security factors of the special location and event, as well as highlights the similarities and differences related to traditional sports events. The research method used was mainly the processing of the professional literature on sports law and sports policing, as well as the professional experience gained in the police security operation of Hungarian motorsport events.Findings: As a result of the research, the authors make findings on the use of innovative legal, technical, technological and law enforcement tools and methods for security.Value: In terms of the value of the research, the gap-filling nature can be highlighted, since the authors studying law enforcement issues dealt with the safety issues of motorsport events in a unique way. Also of outstanding value in the study is the summary of the thoughts and experiences of specialists experienced in securing Hungarian motorsport events.
Variations of Heavy Ions in Interplanetary Shock Driven by Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections and Stream Interaction Regions
Authors: Wang Cong , Ye Qian , Li Mu , He Fei , Zhang Xiaoxin
Published: April 2024

In the solar wind, the fluctuation of heavy ion abundance serves as a crucial physical metric. This not only mirrors the attributes of the solar wind’s originating solar region but also signifies its influence on Earth’s magnetosphere. Utilizing data from the Advanced Composition Explorer satellite, this investigation scrutinizes heavy ion variations in stream interaction region (SIR)- and interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME)-driven shocks. We further delineate the disparities in heavy ion fluctuations between these two types of interplanetary shocks across diverse solar activity cycles. Our findings reveal that ICME-driven shocks typically manifest elevated shock velocities and magnetic field strengths relative to their SIR-driven counterparts. Additionally, heavy ion abundance ratios, such as C6+/O4+, O7+/O6+, He/O, Si/O, and Fe/O, are consistently higher in ICME-driven shocks than in SIR-driven shocks. During varying solar activity cycles, these ratios surge postarrival of ICME-driven shocks. At solar maximum, these elevated ratios persist, whereas they revert to baseline levels swiftly during solar minimum. For SIR-driven shocks, the alteration in heavy ion abundance ratios is comparatively subdued, yet a noteworthy correlation with the solar activity cycle is evident.
Assessment of propolis-fermented Kombucha tea’s microbiological, physicochemical and sensory characteristics
Authors: Turkoğlu Bacanak Rabia , Keyvan Erhan
Published: April 2024

The functional properties of fermented foods have a significant impact on human health. Kombucha tea is a functional food that provides numerous prophylactic and therapeutic benefits. This study investigated the effects of adding 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% propolis to kombucha tea on the microbiological, physicochemical, and sensory characteristics during the 10th and 14th day incubation periods. The study concluded that adding propolis to Kombucha tea improved acidity, color, and total phenolic substance content (p < 0.05) but not pH value or dry matter amount (p > 0.05). As a result of yeast and mold analysis, no growth was detected on the 10th day of incubation, while the lowest yeast count was 4.08 log CFU/ml, and the highest was 5.46 log CFU/ml on the 14th day of incubation. The amount of propolis added to Kombucha tea was demonstrated to have a statistically significant effect on Labtobacillus spp., total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, and acetic acid bacteria (p < 0.05). Streptococcaceae species could not be detected in Kombucha tea. The panelists rated the most propolis-rich kombucha tea as being particularly enjoyable. As a result, physicochemical and microbiological analyses have shown that Kombucha tea can be fermented with propolis. Novel studies on the consumption of kombucha tea in combination with bee products should be performed.
Enhancing soybean classification with modified inception model: A transfer learning approach
Authors: Gulzar Yonis
Published: April 2024

The impact of deep learning (DL) is substantial across numerous domains, particularly in agriculture. Within this context, our study focuses on the classification of problematic soybean seeds. The dataset employed encompasses five distinct classes, totaling 5513 images. Our model, based on the InceptionV3 architecture, undergoes modification with the addition of five supplementary layers to enhance efficiency and performance. Techniques such as transfer learning, adaptive learning rate adjustment (to 0.001), and model checkpointing are integrated to optimize accuracy. During initial evaluation, the InceptionV3 model achieved 88.07% accuracy in training and 86.67% in validation. Subsequent implementation of model tuning strategies significantly improves performance. Augmenting the architecture with additional layers, including Average Pooling, Flatten, Dense, Dropout, and Softmax, plays a pivotal role in enhancing accuracy. Evaluation metrics, including precision, recall, and F1-score, underscore the model’s effectiveness. Precision ranges from 0.9706 to 1.0000, while recall values demonstrate a high capture rate across all classes. The F1-score, reflecting a balance between precision and recall, exhibits remarkable performance across all classes, with values ranging from 0.9851 to 1.0000. Comparative analysis with existing studies reveals competitive accuracy of 98.73% achieved by our proposed model. While variations exist in specific purposes and datasets among studies, our model showcases promising performance in soybean seed classification, contributing to advancements in agricultural technology for crop health assessment and management.
Réceptions (anti)dialectiques de Nietzsche
Authors: Falconieri Alessandro
Published: April 2024

En se situant à cheval entre plusieurs disciplines comme la géographie radicale, la sociologie urbaine et la philosophie politique, les tentatives de faire dialoguer la pensée de Michel Foucault et le marxisme « hétérodoxe » d’Henri Lefebvre ont enrichi, surtout dans les dernières décennies, une vaste littérature, au risque cependant de cacher un nœud théorique fondamental et commun à la pensée de ces deux auteurs, à savoir la philosophie de Friedrich Nietzsche. L’objectif de cet article sera donc d’explorer l’importance que la philosophie nietzschéenne a eue dans les parcours intellectuels de Foucault et Lefebvre à la fois, dans la tentative d’en souligner les points d’incompatibilité conceptuelle censés nous mettre en garde face à la tentation d’établir des voisinages parfois trop immédiats entre deux approches théoriques radicalement différentes et marquées par un rapport tout à fait singulier à Marx, au marxisme français, mais aussi à la philosophie de Nietzsche.
Macron : bilan du « septennat »
Authors: Schlegel Jean-Louis
Published: April 2024

Élu en 2017 sur une promesse de renouvellement et pour faire rempart à l’extrême droite, Emmanuel Macron n’a pas tenu sa promesse et le rempart s’est effrité. Malgré une situation économique favorable et un certain prestige international, le bilan du « septennat » est relativement négatif.
De nouveaux tribuns. Le « moment machiavélien » de l’Europe
Authors: Spector Céline
Published: April 2024

Face aux périls géopolitiques, au lieu de laisser l’exécutif décider dans les situations d’urgence, il faut renforcer les pouvoirs du Parlement européen. Cela implique notamment de nouveaux tribuns, gardiens des intérêts du peuple.
Arménie, une guerre existentielle
Authors: Minassian Gaïdz , Bujon Anne-Lorraine , Chalier Jonathan , Krutikova Angelina
Published: April 2024

Près de quatre ans après la défaite arménienne contre l’Azerbaïdjan en 2020 et un an après la tragédie dans le Haut-Karabakh, vidé de sa population arménienne en quelques jours dans l’indifférence de la communauté internationale, comment l’Arménie évolue-t-elle, entre guerre en Ukraine et en tensions au Proche-Orient ? Quels enseignements a-t-elle tiré de ces récentes épreuves pour conforter son avenir en tant qu’État souverain ?
Le secret de l’accompagnement spirituel doit-il être remis en question ?
Authors: Langue Patrick
Published: April 2024

Dans le contexte de la formation sacerdotale (propédeutique et séminaire) comment articuler for interne et for externe alors que le récent Rapport de la Ciase a désabsolutisé le secret dans l’accompagnement spirituel au nom de la protection des victimes d’abus dans l’Église ? On rappellera les fondements du secret de la « direction spirituelle », on montrera les difficultés rencontrées par l’incitation de la Commission, et on suggérera des voies pour que le gouvernement des séminaires puisse contribuer à une meilleure sécurité dans l’Église et la société.
La critique théâtrale dans la presse Indochinoise : le cas de L’Avenir du Tonkin et La Fille du Tambour-Major entre 1895 et 1900
Authors: Nguyen Khieu Anh
Published: April 2024

Comment peut-on parler du théâtre dans un contexte colonial ? Quels sont les modèles à suivre et quelles écritures puissent y émerger ? Le présent article propose d’étudier le cas de L’Avenir du Tonkin (1884-1941), le doyen des quotidiens publiés à Tonkin (Indochine) à l’époque coloniale et ses comptes rendus des représentations entre 1895 et 1900 de La Fille du Tambour-Major (1879), l’opéra-comique en 3 actes et 4 tableaux de Jacques Offenbach, une pièce aux couleurs patriotiques.
La presse coloniale aux ANOM
Authors: Pontillo Sylvie
Published: April 2024

La bibliothèque des Archives Nationales d’Outre-Mer (ANOM) abrite un précieux fonds de presse publié en métropole et dans les anciennes colonies. La collection inclut des titres dans diverses langues vernaculaires comme l’arabe, le malgache et le vietnamien. La presse a joué un rôle politique et juridique, parfois confrontée à la censure et à l’interdiction. Ce fonds complète les archives des ANOM et reflète les mouvements sociaux et politiques des anciennes colonies françaises. Des journalistes militants comme Albert Camus, Isabelle Eberhardt et Paulette Nardal y sont également représentés. La conservation de ces journaux est devenue essentielle, des efforts de préservation et de numérisation ont été entrepris pour préserver ce patrimoine. La numérisation en cours vise à rendre ces ressources historiques plus visibles et accessibles.
Les pollutions dues aux accidents : un angle mort ?
Authors: Bonnemains Jacky
Published: April 2024

Les pollutions après les accidents sur les Installations Classées pour la Protection de l’Environnement sont de mieux en mieux prises en compte. Mais après de nombreux accidents et notamment des incendies, la banalisation reste une priorité. Les clichés habituels, « plus de peur que de mal », « les déchets sont partis en fumées », « le vent les a dispersées », les propos rassurants des pompiers repris par les préfets poussent au plus vite au retour à la normale quand bien même s’est produit un évènement anormal et pénalisant l’environnement et la santé publique. Un angle mort majeur concerne les installations non classées. La cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris en est l’exemple le plus frappant. Les catastrophes de demain avec les nouveaux modes de propulsion décarbonés ne sont pas anticipées. Les pollutions de l’extraction du lithium, du cobalt et des autres métaux rares à l’étranger et en France sont elles aussi masquées. Il est urgent que le public soit informé de ces risques nouveaux et que les moyens de lutte proportionnés soient appréciés, financés et mis en place.
Polluer moins ici, polluer plus ailleurs ? La compétitivité de l’Europe
Authors: Bourdon Éric , Normant Emmanuel , Prudhon Philippe
Published: April 2024

Polluer ici ou ailleurs, c’est d’abord apporter des solutions ici et ailleurs ! Les entreprises se développent en premier lieu là où les marchés sont vigoureux, et beaucoup des entreprises françaises sont au cœur de la transformation environnementale de leur chaîne de valeur par les solutions et les services qu’elles développent. Et elles agissent de même au quotidien pour diminuer leur empreinte environnementale. Mais elles font face à une concurrence forte, à la fois pour choisir où se développer, mais aussi face à des concurrents qui pourraient venir de zones avec des contraintes plus faibles. La décarbonation de notre économie, la souveraineté de notre pays sont autant d’opportunités pour investir sur notre territoire. Pour réussir et accélérer ces transitions, il est nécessaire d’intégrer un certain nombre de paramètres clés (coût de l’énergie, équité de la réglementation, équité technologique, délai d’instruction pour ouvrir une usine…) afin d’assurer la souveraineté de la France et de l’Europe et de minimiser les impacts environnementaux.
Les défis des technologies quantiques
Authors: Pavel Ilarion
Published: April 2024

Le développement des technologies quantiques est aujourd’hui l’objet d’importants efforts de recherche, mais les résultats seront-ils à la hauteur des attentes ? L’ordinateur quantique peut résoudre certains problèmes difficiles, qui demandent à l’ordinateur classique un temps de calcul trop important, et peut également attaquer les schémas actuels de cryptage. Cependant, la réalisation d’un ordinateur quantique suffisamment puissant pour résoudre des problèmes pratiques demeure un véritable défi technologique. Il existe plusieurs technologies d’implémentation hardware , chacune avec ses avantages et ses inconvénients. Comme ils sont plus faciles à réaliser, la recherche se dirige également vers la mise au point d’ordinateurs quantiques analogiques et de simulateurs quantiques. Parallèlement, ces travaux ont pour conséquence la conception de capteurs extrêmement sensibles, qui ont de nombreuses applications dans l’industrie de la prospection géologique, dans l’imagerie médicale, dans les technologies militaires et la mise au point de nouvelles méthodes de cryptage immunes contre l’attaque par un algorithme quantique.
Sur la terre comme au ciel. Le bouclier armorié entre le symbole et l’emblème
Authors: Hablot Laurent
Published: April 2024

Le bouclier, qui accompagne systématiquement le guerrier médiéval, est chargé de valeurs à la fois symboliques et emblématiques. Les signes qu’il peut porter sont parfois des symboles, suggérant une idée abstraite, parfois des emblèmes, renvoyant vers une personne. Support habituel des enseignes héraldiques, le bouclier armorié est toutefois rarement porté au combat. Enfin, il peut également être chargé de valeurs spirituelles, de sens métaphoriques et constitue parfois une interface entre Dieu, les anges et l’homme qui l’arbore.
Growth volatility in the inflation-targeting regime: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Kuncoro Haryo , Fafurida Fafurida , Bin Abdul Jamil Izaan Azyan
Published: April 2024

Low and stable inflation and exchange rates are the main objectives of inflation-targeting monetary policy. The internal and external stabilities are prerequisites for promoting economic growth. Using a two-stage GARCH, we investigated the effect of inflation instability and exchange rate unpredictability on the economic growth uncertainty in the case of Indonesia over the period 2000(1)– 2022(12). It was evident that both inflation instability and exchange rate unpredictability hurt output growth. The impact of inflation instability was higher than that of exchange rate unpredictability. While the output growth was higher in the post inflation-targeting regime adoption, the effect of real exchange rate instability was greater than that of nominal exchange rate unpredictability. Those findings suggested that the monetary authority should strengthen their commitment to achieve the inflation target range. The sharper focus on the inflation stability might avoid the monetary authority conducting twofold targets of inflation and exchange rate stability to stimulate economic growth.
Architectenwoningen in het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest (1830-1970)
Authors: Voorde Stephanie Van de , Raaffels Linsy , Wee Barbara Van der , Bertels Inge
Published: April 2024

Les maisons d’architecte constituent une catégorie de logements à part, qui revêtent une signification particulière en tant que « carte de visite » de l’architecte, projet expérimental, aboutissement ou synthèse de l’ensemble de son œuvre, englobant des caractéristiques stylistiques, géographiques, techniques, sociales et autres. Toutefois, afin de saisir pleinement l’importance et la valeur ajoutée de ce genre architectural, il est essentiel de disposer d’un cadre théorique et typologique bien défini pour comprendre les maisons d’architecte. Sur la base des données recueillies à partir d’inventaires et de documents existants, de recherches dans les archives et de visites sur le terrain, un vaste registre dans lequel sont recensées 370 maisons d’architecte de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale a été établi, qui constitue le point de départ de l’analyse. Ce registre se concentre sur la période de 1830 à 1970, au cours de laquelle la construction de maisons d’architecte et de logements en général s’est intensifiée. Il comprend des maisons d’architecte emblématiques et célèbres, ainsi que des exemples moins connus, dans des proportions à peu près égales : nombre de ces édifices n’étaient pas répertoriés auparavant et peuvent désormais être qualifiés à juste titre de maisons d’architecte. Témoignant de la diversité de ces maisons, le registre constitue la base indispensable pour apprécier de manière approfondie les différents cas, ainsi que la maison d’architecte en tant que type de bâtiment particulier.
Continuity and innovation in glazed tableware consumption in North Africa from the Fatimid to Zirid periods
Authors: Salinas Elena , Reynolds Paul , Pradell Trinitat
Published: April 2024

Excavations in the former Roman port of Utica (North Tunisia) by the University of Oxford and the INP (Tunisie) have revealed an area of medieval Islamic houses in the area of the Roman forum. Stratified sequences of pottery have established four main phases of occupation which would appear to span the mid-10th to mid-11th century. The range of glazed wares and other classes of pottery is summarised per phase and a detailed study of the glaze technologies of 23 samples through time can now be compared with the study of 14 vessels previously published from Bir Ftouha, near Carthage. The Utica assemblage demonstrates that there were major changes in the consumption of glazed wares from the late Fatimid period to Zirid independent rule, not only in relation to forms and types of decoration but also in terms of glazing techniques. Up to six different glazing techniques have been identified, including transparent and opaque glazes and overglaze and underglaze decoration. Moreover, the presence of several glaze imports has been detected, showing that glazed pottery other than those produced in the central region of Ifriqiya was being consumed in North Tunisia. This work also provides relevant information with regard to the production and consumption of glazed wares in medieval Tunisia during the 10th and 11th centuries.
Alla ricerca dell’allume nella contabilità tardo medievale
Authors: Angela Orlandi
Published: April 2024

In Toscana si conservano molte fonti contabili ascrivibili soprattutto ai secoli XIII-XVI. Oltre ai conosciuti registri appartenuti a Francesco Datini, gli archivi di ogni città possiedono documenti di piccole e medie imprese che animavano il tessuto economico della regione e talvolta del Mediterraneo. In questo quadro, abbiamo provato a mostrare in che modo i ragionieri del tempo tenessero memoria delle operazioni che avevano come oggetto l’allume. Per le numerose tipologie di registri abbiamo presentato la struttura dei conti i cui contenuti possono essere utilmente adoperati per gli studi dedicati al commercio e all’impiego del pregiato mordente.
Vertebral synostosis of three thoracic vertebrae
Authors: Wickramarathna E. A. A. M. , Priyadarshani K. M. W. W. , Kumara D. A. S. S. , Chandimal K. M.
Published: April 2024

This case report presents a unique finding of fused thoracic vertebrae in the Anatomy osteology collection at the Faculty of Medicine, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka. The specimen exhibits a rare condition wherein three adjacent thoracic vertebrae have fused together. This report describes the anatomical features and implications of this fused thoracic vertebra in the context of clinical significance and research.
The ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood groups of the Purana population of Sigiriya, Sri Lanka, and the disease risk
Authors: Chandimal K. M. , Buddhasinghe B. M. R. U. , Yasawardene S. G.
Published: April 2024

Background: Rhesus and ABO blood group systems exhibit significant differences due to genetics, geography, ethnic diversity. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of the ABO and Rh blood groups among Purana (old) population in Sigiriya, Sri Lanka, and to predict the risk of diseases with reference to their blood group.Methods: Total of 384 adult Purana individuals were randomly chosen for a cross-sectional descriptive study in Purana villages of Talkote, Diyakepilla, Nagalaweva, and Pidurangala. Employing slide method and commercially available antisera, ABO and Rh phenotypes were determined. Using Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequencies of alleles A, B, O, D, and d were estimated. SPSS software version 23 was used for analysis. The disease risk in this community was predicted according to the prevailing literature.Results: Blood type "O" (46%) was the predominant phenotype. The "AB" blood group exhibited the lowest phenotypic frequency (4%). There were 39% and 11% of "B" and "A" blood types, respectively. 99% of subjects exhibited Rh phenotype, while 1% were Rh negative. AA, AO, BB, BO, and AB genotype distributions were 7.3%, 28%, 0.2%, 6.4%, and 3.5%, respectively. Majority (48%) belonged to the OO genotype. Distribution of DD, Dd, and dd genotypes was 76%, 22%, and 2%, respectively. According to the results, risk of diseases for the majority of Purana population such as coronary artery disease, infectious diseases such as cholera, mumps and cancers could be predicted by previous evidence.Conclusion: This study shows that pattern of phenotype and genotype distribution of Purana population is different from the distribution pattern among modern Sri Lankans. Majority in this population has risk of developing diseases such as coronary artery disease, peptic ulcers, infectious diseases such as cholera, mumps and tuberculosis infection.
Mast cells in meningiomas
Authors: D'Amati Antonio , Tamma Roberto , Annese Tiziana , Rizzi Anna , Ribatti Domenico
Published: April 2024

Meningioma represents the most frequent tumor of the central nervous system (CNS). Correlations between the presence of mast cells (MCs) and grade or other histological features of meningioma are still debated. Our study aimed to better understand the relationship between mast cells and meningiomas and to compare our results based on specific histological subtypes and novel 2021 CNS WHO grading system. We observed some differences as regards the number of MCs and meningioma grade. In low-grade (grade 1) meningiomas, MCs were observed in 7/22 cases, while they were consistently present in all eight high-grade cases (grade 2 and grade  3). Among the grade 1 meningiomas, we observed two “low-positive”, two “intermediate-positive”, and three “high-positive” cases. Among the group of high-grade meningiomas, the six cases grade 2 were considered as “low-positive”, while the two grade 3 cases showed a higher number of MCs and were included in the “intermediate-positive” group. Even though with no statistical significance, due to the low number of cases, our results seem to confirm a sort of relationship between meningioma grading and the number of MCs, as demonstrated by the higher percentage of high-grade meningiomas showing MCs infiltrates, compared to low-grade meningiomas.
The colonial state, land-use policy and local responses in Seke Reserve, Rhodesia: 1935 to 1958
Authors: Makombe Eric K. , Masakure Clement
Published: April 2024

From the late 1920s onwards, the state in colonial Zimbabwe began reordering African areas to arrest an impending ecological disaster while increasing their carrying capacity. The state introduced far-reaching land-use measures anchored on several immutable tenets, such as that African reserves had to finance their own progress and sustain themselves within the demarcated boundaries. The reordering within Seke Reserve began with centralisation in 1935 and was reinforced following the passage of the Natural Resources Act of 1941 and the Native Land Husbandry Act (NLHA) of 1951. This article is one of the few studies that grasp these three colonial policies simultaneously and highlights the knock-on effects each had on the other. It sheds light on these land-use measures, explores their implementation and impacts and shows how the locals responded to these changes. The period under review in this article has generally been given cursory attention as a fleeting backdrop to why the colonial state implemented the NLHA. Nonetheless, this article maintains that the critical factors that led to the demise of the NLHA are certainly discernible in this period. Hence, we assert that the colonial state’s insistence on proceeding to enact the NLHA was just another classic example of colonial arrogance and the scapegoating of Africans for the agroecological problems in the reserves. The article made extensive use of archival material from the Native Affairs Department as well as from the phenomenological recollections of several elderly inhabitants within the Seke Reserve captured through oral history interviews.Contribution: The clarification of the interdependence of the three colonial programmes regarding existing land-use policies, their implementation, impacts and local responses significantly adds to the limited body of knowledge currently available.
Cryotherapy in chronic plaque psoriasis: an effective therapeutic modality
Authors: Kumar Rajiv , Mahajan Mohita , Mahajan Bharat Bhushan
Published: April 2024

Background

Psoriasis is a common, chronic, inflammatory, and proliferative condition of the skin in which both genetic and environmental factors have a critical role. Various topical and systemic drugs which are given as rotational and sequential therapies are commonly prescribed as treatment. However, these are often not effective in prolonging the remission of chronic plaque psoriasis.

Aims and objectives

To assess the therapeutic efficacy of cryotherapy in chronic plaque psoriasis.

Methodology

A prospective study on 50 patients with chronic plaque psoriasis was undertaken. Patients were treated with six consecutive sessions of cryotherapy at weekly intervals and further followed-up for another 6 weeks.

Results

It was observed that among 128 plaques of psoriasis vulgaris, 63 (49%) plaques showed G5 improvement while 40 (73%) among 55 plaques of palmoplantar psoriasis had G5 improvement. Thus, palmoplantar lesions responded better as compared with cutaneous lesions.

Conclusion

Cryotherapy using nitrous oxide as cryogen has been proven to be an effective therapeutic modality not only for treatment but also for prolonging the remission in localized plaque psoriasis.
Proportion of Urinary Tract Infection in Children between 6 Months to 5 Years of Age Presenting with Fever
Authors: Mundada Shivprasad , Kumar Ayush
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

Fever serves as the most frequent cause of visits to emergency/outpatient pediatric departments among children under the age of five. Very frequently, the youngster is given antibiotics on an arbitrary basis without receiving the proper examination for a urinary tract infection (UTI). This study’s goals were to assess the prevalence of UTIs in febrile children between 6 months and 5 years of age. To study the proportion of UTIs in children between 6 months and 5 years presenting with fever. To study the association of various risk factors with UTI.

Methodology:

This Cross-sectional Descriptive observational research was done in the Pediatric department of tertiary care hospital from August 2020 to December 2022, in febrile kids between 6 months and 5 years age group using different variables. Association between two qualitative variables was seen by using Chi-square/Fischer’s exact test. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant whereas a P < 0.001 was considered highly significant.

Results:

Among the total study population, it was found that 5.58% of the patients with fever without focus had a UTI, while the majority of patients, 94.42% did not have a UTI but had fever without a specific focus. In UTI cases, urine culture growth patterns showed the presence of different isolates, including Escherichia coli (30.43%), Klebsiella (56.52%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.7%), and Candida (4.34%).

Conclusion:

In the present research, the overall occurrence of UTI in children <5 years with fever without focus was 5.58%. Patients with significant pyuria and positive urine culture (UTI) were 43.75% and with significant pyuria but the sterile culture was 56.25%. So, it is concluded that significant pyuria can be sterile pyuria and cannot be labeled as UTI without confirmation on the urine culture report.
Repellent activity of Vitex negundo and Curcuma longa herbal extract against Simulium species in India
Authors: Bhuyan Chinmoy , Saha Dipankar , Rabha Bipul
Published: April 2024

Background & objectives:

At present, use of synthetic pesticides to manage insects and other arthropods creates a number of issues that are related to the environment and public health. The goal of the present study is to find repellent activity of Vitex negundo and Curcuma longa herbal extracts against the wild species Simulium (blackfly) bite.

Methods:

We have studied Simulium biting behavior and tested the repellency of herbal extract obtained from Vitex negundo L. (Lamiales: Lamiaceae) and Curcuma longa L. (Zingiberal: Zingiberaceae) along with their essential oils in three locations in Arunachal Pradesh, India on human volunteers’ resistance to Simulium (blackflies). The reported herbal extracts were incorporated to topical drug delivery vehicle as a cream and gel.

Results:

The methanolic extract of Vitex negundo cream and gel formulation showed >2 h safety at 5% concentration and >5 h safety at 10% concentration in all the testing sites followed by ethyl acetate extract. Whereas, chloroform extract of Curcuma longa cream and gel formulation provided >1 h safety at 5% concentration and >4 h safety at 10% concentration.

Interpretation & conclusion:

At an optimum concentration of 10%, the methanolic extract of Vitex negundo cream provided complete protection times (CPTs) 320.4, 358.6, and 346.4 min, respectively. These findings offer confirmation of the methanolic extract and chloroform extract potential for use in new blackfly repellents.
Transperineal biopsy as a new technique versus well-established transrectal biopsy for diagnosis of prostate cancer – A comparative study
Authors: Eltafahny Abdelrahman , Alshamlan Yosef , Almazeedi Abdulrahman , Aldousari Saad , Salem Shady Mohamed
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

Transrectal (TR) prostate biopsy has been the gold standard for prostate cancer diagnosis for years. With the emergence of transperineal (TP) prostatic biopsy, there is a shift in practice across medical services to adopt TP biopsy as the primary method of prostatic biopsy.

Objective:

The objective of the study is to compare cancer detection rates and complications between TP and TR biopsies in our region providing single-center experience with introduction of TP biopsy.

Patients and Methods:

This is a retrospective study utilizing a prospectively designed database comparing consecutive 80 cases of TP biopsy to 80 cases of TR biopsy in a single center.

Results:

Prebiopsy PSA was 14.2 ± 24.9 ng/dl in the TP group versus 23.7 ± 71.3 ng/dl in the TR group with P = 0.108. Prostate Imaging–Reporting and Data System (PIRAD) 4 and 5 lesions were found in 47 (58.9%) cases of TP biopsy versus 44 (60.3%) of TR group cases and P = 0.131. Cancer was detected in 49 (61.25%) patients in the TP group versus 45 (56.25%) in the TR group with no statistically significant difference and P = 0.665. No cases of hematochezia was reported in TP group, vs 14 (17.5%) reported in TR group with P value <.001. There were no statistically significant differences regarding the incidence of febrile urinary tract infection (UTI), hematuria, and hematospermia in the TP group 0 (0%), 7 (8.75%), and 3 (3.75%) versus 2 (2.50%), 14 (17.50%), and 5 (6.25%) in the TR group with P = 0.497, 0.159, and 0.719 consecutively.

Conclusion:

TP and TR biopsy have comparable cancer detection rates. TP biopsy has a significantly lower rectal bleeding rate than TR biopsy. There is a trend toward lower febrile UTI in the TP group; however, it did not reach statistical significance.
CONCENTRAÇÃO DE AUDITORIA POR SEGMENTO NAS EMPRESAS LISTADAS NA B3 DE 2013 A 2022
Authors: Belém Israel Vila Verde , Matos Eduardo Bona Safe de , Nasu Vitor Hideo
Published: April 2024

O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar o grau de concentração do mercado de auditoria independente nas empresas listadas na B3, por segmento, no período de 2013 a 2022 (últimos dez anos). Para tanto, um banco de dados foi elaborado a partir de diversas fontes. Foram coletados dados financeiros das plataformas Economática e Refinitiv, bem como dos sítios da B3, da CVM e das companhias analisadas. Os dados foram analisados de forma geral e por três variáveis (Cliente: 3.413 observações; Ativo: 3.324 observações; e Receita: 2.928 observações). Como métricas da concentração de auditoria, foram calculados os indicadores Herfindahl-Hirschman (HHI) e Razão de Concentração (CR4). Como principais resultados, constatou-se uma concentração significativa do mercado de auditoria no Brasil ao considerar as variáveis Receita e Ativo Total, enquanto a variável Cliente não apresentou concentração quanto ao indicador CR4 nos últimos anos e possuiu limitada ou moderada concentração quanto ao indicador HHI. Outras evidências sugerem que, em mercados menores, com companhias que detenham parcela relevante da Receita e Ativo Total, a mudança de auditoria de BIG4 para não-BIG4 pode resultar em alterações substanciais nos índices de concentração. O presente estudo contribui para a literatura ao realizar a análise por ano e segmento ao proporcionar, de maneira específica e comparada, como o mercado de auditoria está concentrado em cada setor a partir de três critérios (Cliente, Ativo e Receita).
Prof Hassan Saidi seven years on: a legacy of medical training transcending time
Authors: Karuri David , Ogeng’o Julius
Published: April 2024

No abstract
Identification of common bacterial etiologic agents, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern & associated risk factors of Otitis media among pediatric patients of ENT Center of Orotta National Referral Hospital
Authors: Ahmed Khawaja Shakeel , Araya Matiwos , Kessete Yordanos , G/Her Armana , Kessete Dawit , Mariam Eden A/ , Mhretab Fyori , Mogos Miriam , G/Micael Zebib
Published: April 2024

Background: Otitis media is a pervasive childhood problem posing great healthcare challenges in developing countries. The magnitude of the problem and the lack of appropriate data about the prevalence, common etiologic agents, and the risk factors responsible for otitis media among children in Eritrea have encouraged us to undertake the present study.Methods: A total of 366 ear discharge samples were collected by an Otorhinolaryngologist. All collected samples were screened by using appropriate media and conditions that favor the growth of bacteria. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done to record the sensitivity and resistance of bacteria by the disc diffusion method. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected using standard and structured questionnaires and the data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 software.Results: Of 400, 366 (91.5%) samples were with Otitis media and 305 showed the presence of bacteria (83.33%). The most common pathogenic bacteria was Staphylococcus aureus followed by Hemophilus influenza and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results showed that the infection is more common in lower-aged children, daycare attendees, and big families. All are statistically significant (P-value 0.003), (P-value 0.036) (p<0.000), respectively. H.influenza, P.aeruginosa, and S.aureus showed good sensitivity towards ciprofloxacin, which was 85.5%, 100%, and 68.1% respectively.Conclusion: Of 400, 366 (91.5%) samples were with Otitis media and 305 showed the presence of bacteria (83.33%). The most common pathogenic bacteria was Staphylococcus aureus followed by Hemophilus influenza and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results showed that the infection is more common in lower-aged children, daycare attendees, and big families. All are statistically significant (P-value 0.003), (P-value 0.036) (p<0.000), respectively. H.influenza, P.aeruginosa, and S.aureus showed good sensitivity towards ciprofloxacin, which was 85.5%, 100%, and 68.1% respectively.
Chemical composition and in vitro neutral detergent fibre digestibility of treated rice straw supplemented with pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) hay
Authors: Ansah T.
Published: April 2024

The study investigated the chemical composition and in vitro neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility of treated rice straw  supplemented with pigeon pea hay. The treated rice straw comprised fungi-treated (Pleurotus sajor-caju) rice straw (FTRS), ammonia- treated rice straw (ATRS) and untreated rice straw (UnTRS). The three treated rice straws were supplemented with or without 50% pigeon  pea hay in a completely randomised design experiment. The crude protein (CP) concentration of fungi (4.4%) and ammonia (8.3%)  treated rice straw appreciated relative to the untreated (2.8%) rice straw. Similarly, the treatment of rice straw influenced the NDF (FTRS [63.9%], ATRS[73.8%],UnTRS[73.4%]) and ADF(ftrs[38.6%], ATRS[41.1%] UnTRS[40.4%]) concentration. The supplementation of rice straw  with pigeon pea hay reduced NDF (FTRS [54.8%], ATRS [59.4%] uNtrs [62.5%]) and and ADF (FTRS [27.4%, ATRS [13.6%] UnTRS [30.7%])  concentrations compared with the un-supplemented. In vitro dry matter true digestibility (IVDMTD) of the UnTRS was about 20% (P<0.05)  less than the NH3TRS + Pigeon pea. The neutral detergent fibre digestibility (NDFD %) was significantly lower in the UnTRS compared to  the other treatments. The digestible neutral detergent fibre (dNDF %) decreased in the order of NH3TRS + Pigeon pea < FTRS < FTRS +  Pigeon pea < Sole Pigeon pea hay < UnTRS + Pigeon pea < UnTRS. The UnTRS had a significantly higher indigestible neutral detergent  fibre (iNDF) than the other treatments. In conclusion, rice straw's nutrient composition and digestibility improved when treated with  ammonia or fungi and supplemented with pigeon pea hay.
Lichen planus in children in Kaduna, North-west Nigeria: A 20-year experience
Authors: Husain Yahya
Published: April 2024

Background: Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory disease which mainly affects the skin but may affect mucous membranes and nails. The disease is rare in children.
Methods: Retrospective review of records of patients aged < 18 years diagnosed with LP in two dermatology clinics in Kaduna, northwest Nigeria between September 2001 and November 2021.
Results: Children constituted 11.3% (38/335) of patients diagnosed with LP: Mean age 10.3 years (range 5 – 16), 44.7% < 10 years, 63.2% male, median duration at presentation - 8 weeks. The legs (68.4%) and lower arms (50%) were the most frequently affected parts of the body. Others were: upper back (34.2%), abdomen (34.2%), lower back (27.2%), chest (23.7%), upper arms (23.7%), elbows/knees (21.1%) and flexural wrists (18.4%). The oral mucosa and genitalia were affected in one patient each. All patients presented with itching while 31.6% and 28.9% of patients presented with post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and Koebner’s phenomenon, respectively. Classic LP was diagnosed in 90% of patients. Other variants were: hypertrophic (7.9%), annular (6.3%) and on lines of Blaschko (5.3%). There was no significant gender or agerelated difference in presentation. One patient was positive for hepatic C virus infection. Most patients were treated with topical corticosteroids with complete resolution of lesions in 80.8%. During follow-up, recurrence occurred in 3 patients.
Conclusion: Lichen planus is more common in Nigerian children than has been reported from many parts of the world. Its presentation is similar to that of adults, although oral and genital involvement is infrequent.
Relationship between postnatal foot length and selected anthropometric parameters in the estimation of gestational age among Nigerian neonates
Authors: Kuponiyi Opeyemi Temitola , Ogunlesi Tinuade Adetutu , Dedeke Olabisi Florence
Published: April 2024

Background: Anthropometric parameters such as body weight, body length, occipitofrontal circumference and foot length are known to increase with gestational age. The estimated gestational age (EGA) is the approximate duration of pregnancy to the nearest two weeks at the point of birth.
Objective: To determine if there is a relationship between postnatal foot length and anthropometric parameters such as body weight, body length and occipito-frontal circumference in the estimation of gestational age among Nigerian neonates.
Methods: At the Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Nigeria, a cross-sectional study was carried out among 260 neonates with EGA 30- 42 weeks within the first 48 hours of life between December 2017 and December 2019. Postnatal foot lengths were measured with Vernier digital caliper while body weight, body length and occipitofrontal circumference (OFC) were also measured using standard procedures. 
Results: The postnatal foot length, body weight, body length and occipitofrontal circumference showed steady rise with increasing estimated gestational age. The boy weight ranged from 1.19± 0.14kg at 30 weeks to 3.41±0.44 at 42 weeks. The range of body length was 37.78±2.58cm at 30weeks to 50.60±1.67cm at 42 weeks. The occipitofrontal circumference also ranged from 26.65±1.47cmat 30 weeks to 35.40±1.63cm at 42 weeks. The foot length had strong correlation with the body weight (r = 0.892), body length (r = 0.754) and OFC (r = 0.801) in the preterm neonates. In the term neonates, the foot length had moderate correlations with each of the three parameters (r = 0.632, r = 0.473and r = 0.496).
Conclusion: Postnatal foot length had the highest correlation with body weight among preterm and term neonates hence, it will be a useful proxy for birth weight in the estimation of gestational age among Nigerian neonates.