bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Nation of Functionaries, a Colony of Functionaries
Authors: Sager Paul
Published: February 2016

Antibureaucratic attitudes and ideas, distilled in the pejorative and untranslatable term fonctionnarisme, permeated political culture in late nineteenth-century France. Reacting to a rapid development of state employment, critics saw colonial expansion as a spillover effect of metropolitan administrative hypertrophy. Indochina was singled out in particular as a “colony of functionaries,” serving more as a job creation program for French “déclassés” than as a beacon of French grandeur. Criticism centered on the filling of government positions through political patronage, a system at which Indochina excelled. The state employee majority among the colony's French population likewise produced political distortions that cemented Indochina's reputation for bureaucratic excess and motivated reform efforts for decades. The well-known ascendancy of association policy in this period, which focused on Indochina, was primarily driven by the conflation of assimilation and direct administration with fonctionnarisme. Antibureaucratic ideology thus came to constitute an influential force shaping French politics in both metropole and empire.

La critique du « fonctionnarisme »—la bureaucratie française présumée hypertrophiée—s'est généralisée en France pendant la fin du dix-neuvième siècle. Cet état d'esprit antibureaucratique visait spécialement l'expansion coloniale, surtout en Indochine. La fonction publique indochinoise semblait épargner les « déclassés » français du chômage plutôt qu'établir un cadre d'experts dont le travail mènerait à la grandeur coloniale. Les détracteurs blâmaient en particulier le clientélisme qui réglait l'embauche en Indochine. Le fait que la majorité de la population française de la colonie était employée dans la fonction publique avait l'effet de consolider la réputation de l'Indochine pour les excès bureaucratiques et de motiver des propositions de réforme pendant des décennies. Les critiques du « fonctionnarisme » en faisaient l'amalgame avec la politique d'assimilation et l'administration directe des colonies. La prédominance de la politique d'association pendant la fin du siècle était le résultat de cette prétendue coïncidence. L'idéologie antibureaucratique influençait ainsi simultanément la politique française en métropole et en empire.
ACCOUNTING FOR THE DEPTH OF COMPRESSIBLE SKINNY BASE IN THE SOFTWARE PACKAGE
Authors: Савин Артем , Savin Artem
Published: February 2016

Considered the practical application of boundary element method to calculate a sand base of the slope. The results of calculation sandy slope in the software package DCM using discrete-continuum model.
THE CALCULATION OF TRADE AND BUSINESS CENTER PIER FOUNDATION IN ROSTOV-ON-DON USING A NEW SOFTWARE TOOL
Authors: Осипова Оксана , Osipova Oksana , Губеладзе А , Gubeladze A
Published: February 2016

The article contains calculating the size of and settlement foundation of trade and business complex in the city of Rostov-on-Don on the street Sholokhov with a new software tool, developed by the authors, which automates and simplifies the calculation
SEISMIC STABILITY OF THE LOW PRESSURE SOIL DAMS
Authors: Дыба Владимир , Dyba Vladimir
Published: February 2016

The reasons of the main damages are given in article is long the operated low pres-sure soil dams of the South of Russia
APPLICATION OF THE METHOD OF PHOTOMETRY IN EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF THE SOIL REINFORCED DESIGNS
Authors: Кашарина Татьяна , Kasharina Tatyana , Приходько А , Prikhodko A
Published: February 2016

The paper describes the experimental studies developed by the author of a new constructive solutions of the soil reinforced structures using the method of photometry
Bogomolov
Authors: Подтелков Василий , Podtelkov Vasiliy , Богомолова Оксана , Bogomolova Oksana , Богомолов Александр , Bogomolov Aleksandr , Соловьев Александр , Solovev Aleksandr
Published: February 2016

Bogomolov
BENCHMARKING STUDY OF SOIL PLASTICITY ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE METHOD OF ROLLING AND PRESSING
Authors: Бурцев Алексей , Burtsev Aleksey , Масловская Е , Maslovskaya E , Персиянова М , Persiyanova M
Published: February 2016

The authors examine a question of determination of Attenberg limits. In course of intercomparison of methods it is elicit the overshoot of the of hand-made results in comparison with the pressing method. It is possible with this method receive much more external evidences, than with the handmade method
MODELLING OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AS COMPOSITE MATERIAL
Authors: Офрихтер Вадим , Ofrikhter Vadim , Пономарев Андрей , Ponomarev Andrey , Офрихтер Ян , Ofrikhter Yan
Published: February 2016

Municipal solid waste (further MSW) occupy considerable sites of urban territories. Behaviour of “fresh” MSW is characterized by deformation hardening similarly to stress-strain state of pseudocohesive unsaturated soils reinforced by randomly oriented fibers. Distinctive feature of MSW is predominant orientation of reinforcing component in one horizontal direction, which is associated with the technology of waste deposing on the landfills. During first decades after placement processes of chemical and biological decay proceed in waste massif. After their completion MSW are classified as waste soil with maximal particle size not more than 20 mm. With the progress of biodegradation deformation hardening of MSW under loading is decreasing.
TO THE DEFINITION OF DEFORMATION CHARACTERISTICS OF SOILS IN TERMS OF SEASONAL FREEZING AND THAWING
Authors: Мащенко Александра , Mashchenko Aleksandra
Published: February 2016

The article presents the method of determining the deformation properties of soils thaw as well as results of the physical characteristics of frozen clay soils and silty sands. The results of the coefficient of compressibility and thawing during thawing soils are given. The article presents the methods for improvement of deformation properties of soils.

Keywords: coefficient of thawing, compressibility when thawing, clay soils, silty sands, reinforcement
PLANNING LARGE-SCALE MODELLING OF FOUNDATION ON THE BASE IM-PROVED BY GEOTEXTILE ENCASED STONE COLUMNS
Authors: Шенкман Роман , Shenkman Roman , Пономарев Андрей , Ponomarev Andrey
Published: February 2016

The article provides information about improvement of the weak clay subgrade using geotextile encased stone columns. The article also presents overview of the technology, the state of knowledge on this topic. Article gives materials about relevance of the study of this technology for applying in Perm region which is characterized by the presence of weak bases represented by water-saturated clay soils. The overview and analysis of existing experimental studies of various scholars on the subject, which allows to identifying the area of the current study which aim is applying this technology to improve the weak bases of the foundations of buildings and structures, are presented. Also it considers the problem of planning of the experimental studies of geotextile encased stone columns in the laboratory conditions. The paper presents developed experimental schemes. Conclusions on the relevance and novelty are given. The objectives of the planned experimental studies are made.
Application of modern geotechnologies for protection of territories against rockfall processes
Authors: Нуйкин Сергей , Nuykin Sergey
Published: February 2016

The method of pressing installation factory concrete piles is proposed. Main advantages and disadvantages of the method and it’s analyze, defined the scope of application are described. Authors give recommendations on using installation in clay soils for construction-confined projects. In the publication constructive units, elements and components to improve this method are given
Fiscal capacity for euro area – towards a bigger EU budget?
Authors: Rosiak Tomasz
Published: February 2016

The European Union has recently implemented one of the biggest reform packages in its history. Developed solutions are designed to (1) strengthen EU’s resilience to shocks and (2) improve its shock absorption capabilities. It seems that so far the stress was mainly placed on the first objective. Among the reforms which satisfied the second objective the European Stability Mechanism (ESM) plays the key role. However, this is not the only solution. The European Union is also developing a fiscal capacity for the European Monetary Union (EMU). On the base of a subject literature study, I have developed a model with boundary conditions of fiscal federalism (FF), which then was compared to macroeconomic data for the EU. The results of my findings show that the European Union, and especially the euro area, share a lot of characteristics typical for fiscal federalism. The biggest difference between EMU’s structure and FF model is insufficient size of central budget. As a result, the euro area is not equipped with stabilization tools which could act on the very early stage of a crisis. From this point of view, implementation of fiscal capacity in the form of central budget could fill this gap. However, it could bring further fragmentation of economic integration process in the EU, which probably would not positively contribute towards the stability in the political sphere.
The influence of clusters on economic development. A comparative analysis of cluster policy in the European Union and Japan
Authors: Cheba Katarzyna Cheba
Published: February 2016

The development of clusters seems to be a natural consequence of the observed trends in the global economy. The increased interest in the creation and development of clusters can also be seen in most of the countries of the European Union, however, the experience of EU countries in this field is different. In addition to strong clusters with a long tradition, new clusters are created with much lower potential. Clusters compatible with the most important EU documents are to play the role of organizations supporting regional development and ensuring the growth of innovation of the European Union in the new programming period. The Japanese economy is based on the important role of clusters in this area, which along with the US and the European Union is among the largest economies in the world. The experience of Japan in this area is much longer. A lot of still functioning clusters were created in this country in the XVII and XVIII centuries. The aim of this study is a comparative analysis of the socio-economic situation of the European Union and Japan, with special emphasis on the role that clusters play in those economies. The result of the analysis is to identify the factors that allow for the effective operation of enterprises within created cluster structures. The analysis of Japan's experience in this area is a valuable source of information for policy guidelines developed to support clusters in the EU.
Appearance, happiness and success: ‘what is beautiful is good’
Authors: Stock Nicola
Published: February 2016

In our beauty-obsessed world, where incessant dissatisfaction with appearance is considered to be ‘normal’, it can seem as though those with ‘good looks’ are the ones who have it all. But is it the case that being beautiful can get you further in life? Nicola Stock explores the human fascination with keeping up appearances and highlights the impact of attempting to meet modern unrealistic ideals of beauty
What does it take to build and maintain a successful aesthetic practice?
Authors: Gill Chris , Edie Susan , Molina Beatriz , Elbourn Amanda
Published: February 2016

Every sector caters to people with different needs, requiring business owners to know as much as possible about their target audience and make a concerted effort to not only meet, but exceed their expectations as well. In the first part of this new series for 2016, clinic managers from award-winning aesthetic practices share their views on the key ‘ingredients’ needed for running a successful business
New data on Spheciformes fauna (Hymenoptera: Ampulicidae, Sphecidae, Crabronidae) of Turkey
Authors: Yıldırım Erol , Ljubomirov Toshko , Özbek Hikmet , Yüksel Murat
Published: February 2016

A faunistinc account of the Turkish Ampulicidae, Crabronidae and Sphecidae is provided. The faunistic list includes data about 276 species and subspecies in 58 genera. Erroneous publication date for two species is corrected regarding the date of their first description: Dolichurus corniculus (Spinola, 1807) and Nysson decemmaculatus (Spinola, 1807). Horological data, phenology, and geographical distribution for all listed species are also presented. Comments on the interspecific variation in certain morphological characters for six species are given. New records for Turkish fauna are represented by the following species: Ammophila gracillima Taschenberg, 1869; Didineis clavimana Gussakovskij, 1937; Nysson lapillus de Beaumont, 1965; Gorytes neglectus Handlirsch, 1895; Harpactus pulchellus A. Costa, 1859; Harpactus transcaucasicus Nemkov, 1994; Harpactus walteri (Handlirsch, 1888); Lestiphorus egregius Handlirsch, 1893; Stizus rufiventris Radoszkowski, 1877; Bembix tarsata Latreille, 1809; Bembix zonata Klug, 1835; Cerceris kohlii Schletterer, 1887; Mimesa tenuis Oehlke, 1965; Psenulus carinifrons carinifrons (Cameron, 1902); Tachytes argyreus (F. Smith, 1856); Larropsis punctulata melanaria (Kohl, 1888); Pison atrum (Spinola, 1808); Crossocerus exiguus (Vander Linden, 1829); Crossocerus ovalis Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835; Ectemnius cavifrons cavifrons (Thomson, 1870); Ectemnius schlettereri schlettereri (Kohl, 1888); Ectemnuis zonsteini Jacobs, 2006. One taxon, Mimesa jacobsoni transiliensis is excluded from the fauna of Turkey.
O Enfermeiro frente às competências gerenciais na Gestão à Saúde: uma pesquisa bibliográfica
Authors: Melo Andréia De , Vieira Sâmella Dos Santos
Published: February 2016

O presente estudo foi desenvolvido com o propósito de fornecer subsídios norteadores ao enfermeiro  no âmbito da Gestão em Enfermagem, especialmente para os desafios lançados às suas competências gerenciais. Consiste em uma pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica do tipo exploratória, e abordagem qualitativa. O banco de dados utilizado foi a Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, no período de 2004-2013, sendo o levantamento bibliográfico de artigos científicos feitos com base nos descritores: Administração em Recursos Humanos: Gestão; Competências Gerenciais. Foi possível observar que, apesar de o assunto em questão ter tomado uma percussão forte e um amplo espaço no mercado de trabalho, ainda existe uma dificuldade em definir com clareza as competências gerenciais do enfermeiro, mas as metas caminham para possibilidade de alcançarem melhores resultados correspondentes aos desafios da profissão e do mercado de trabalho.
Delação Premiada no Direito Brasileiro
Authors: Mota Thaylana Almeida de , Letie Carmelita Poliana Bertuino
Published: February 2016

Este trabalho advém da análise da Delação Premiada, que é um instituto com diversos entendimentos no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, exprimindo opiniões favoráveis e contrárias à sua prática. Esta monografia visa abordar de forma concisa e crítica, tal instituto, com utilização de temas chaves, em especial no que tange aos institutos jurídico-sociais que se vinculam ao mesmo e as razões que ensejam sua aplicação, seu valor probatório, bem como garantias e princípios concernentes a essa prática. O presente trabalho, ainda, fornece a conceituação da Delação Premiada, advinda de sua bagagem histórica, bem como estabelece uma compreensão acerca de sua aplicabilidade.
Drogadicção em Adolescentes: O papel interventivo da Família
Authors: Cintra Júnior Dorinaldo De Freitas , Custódio Brena Fernandes , Guimarães Hillary Negreiros , Correia Layon Peixoto Landim
Published: February 2016

O uso das drogas por adolescentes atualmente constitui-se numa ameaça à saúde pública. É durante esta etapa do desenvolvimento que a formação da personalidade e individualidade passa por expressivo delineamento, e é também o período em que as drogas se fazem mais presentes. O presente estudo, objetivou através de uma revisão de literatura apresentar a importância de conhecer as peculiaridades do uso de substâncias nessa fase de transição entre a puberdade e vida adulta e identificar fatores de risco e proteção associados à estrutura familiar dos adolescentes. Como resultados apresentamos estudos que entendem que seja fundamental o apoio e orientação familiar como possibilidades de prevenção e posvenção aos agravos inerentes a adolescência em exposição ao uso de Drogas. Conclui-se ainda, que é destacado o papel da família e o da educação como protetores de risco e principais bases na formação de características de resiliência e acesso as redes de cuidado.
A Dinâmica da avaliação escolar na construção de novos encaminhamentos metodológicos para a promoção da aprendizagem
Authors: Alves Maria Aparecida Oliveira , Sousa Edilândia Carvalho de
Published: February 2016

A importância do ato de avaliar consiste em dialogar com o aluno sobre seu processo de aprendizagem, auxiliando-o na construção da aprendizagem satisfatória e na efetivação da melhoria da aprendizagem. O presente artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa bibliográfica integrativa da literatura. Discute a avaliação escolar como uma dinâmica que subsidia o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, no sentido de fomentar a qualidade de aprendizagem e a tomada de decisão, que direcione o aprendizado e, consequentemente, o desenvolvimento do educando. Dentre os propósitos da avaliação deve-se figurar a identificação dos obstáculos que possam comprometer a aprendizagem, identificando-se as deficiências e/ou dificuldades, num sentido de aperfeiçoamento da prática pedagógica, de modo que ajude ao desenvolvimento das capacidades e habilidades do alunado.
France: An Algorithmic Power
Authors: Paye Jean-Claude
Published: February 2016

The Paris attacks of November 13, 2015, demonstrate, if such a demonstration is still necessary, that the aim of new French intelligence laws is not to anticipate or prevent terrorist attacks, but simply to eliminate the private lives of French citizens. President Hollande's statements that delays in implementing the law were behind the "failure" of the intelligence services are a denial of the fact that this legislation only confirms existing practices. The Law on Intelligence, just like the law on military planning, is mainly an attack on private freedoms. The state of emergency will likewise eliminate public freedoms.… Following the November 13 massacres, the government is already considering changes to the Law on Intelligence, with the aim of "eas[ing] the procedures the intelligence services must follow when they would like to use means of surveillance." Yet this law does not establish any controls over the activities of the secret services. It does set up a National Control Commission, but this body has no effective possibility of carrying out its mission, and can only offer recommendations. It is not a question, then, of eliminating a control that does not exist, but of signaling that the very idea of monitoring the executive branch should be abandoned—a clear signal that no limitation can or should be placed on its actions.

Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
Socialism and Fantasy: China Miéville's Fables of Race and Class
Authors: Kendrick Christopher
Published: February 2016

Among a number of contemporary science and speculative fiction writers who identify as left-wing, China Miéville stands out, not only for the quality of his literary production, but also for the critical character of his political commitment, dedicated equally to socialism and to fantasy. In addition to his fictive works, he has written articles and given lectures on the nature and value of speculative and fantasy fiction; edited a collection of essays on Marxism and fantasy in an issue of the journal Historical Materialism; and, not least, published a list of "Fifty Sci-Fi and Fantasy Works Every Socialist Should Read." I wish to discuss here the form and thematics of the early novels known (after the alternate world in which they are set) as the Bas-Lag trilogy—which remains, if you take it as a single work, his most ambitious and memorable achievement. But since Miéville is a serious critic and advocate of fantasy fiction, I will approach the books with a brief discussion of his aesthetic positions and program, gathered from essays and talks as well as from his literary works.

Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
Marx's Ecological Notebooks
Authors: Saito Kohei
Published: February 2016

Karl Marx has long been criticized for his so-called ecological "Prometheanism"—an extreme commitment to industrialism, irrespective of natural limits. This view, supported even by a number of Marxists, such as Ted Benton and Michael Löwy, has become increasingly hard to accept after a series of careful and stimulating analyses of the ecological dimensions of Marx's thought, elaborated in Monthly Review and elsewhere. The Prometheanism debate is not a mere philological issue, but a highly practical one, as capitalism faces environmental crises on a global scale, without any concrete solutions. Any such solutions will likely come from the various ecological movements emerging worldwide, some of which explicitly question the capitalist mode of production. Now more than ever, therefore, the rediscovery of a Marxian ecology is of great importance to the development of new forms of left strategy and struggle against global capitalism.… Yet there is hardly unambiguous agreement among leftists about the extent to which Marx's critique can provide a theoretical basis for these new ecological struggles.… This article… [takes] a different approach… [investigating] Marx's natural-scientific notebooks, especially those of 1868, which will be published for the first time in volume four, section eighteen of the new Marx-Engels-Gesamtausgabe(MEGA).

Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
Clerics and Communists
Authors: Saade Bashir
Published: February 2016

Rula Jurdi Abisaab and Malek Abisaab, The Shi'ites of Lebanon: Modernism, Communism, and Hizbullah's Islamists (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2014), 350 pages, $49.95, hardcover.
In the West today, political Islam is mostly equated with ISIS's spectacle of violence, and with the narrow, bigoted understanding of religion and society that inspires it. It will thus intrigue many readers to discover that the legacy of Islamic intellectual and political activity, from the turn of the twentieth century until today, bore the imprint of a complex interaction between Communist and leftist traditions. A recent book by two professors at McGill University, Rula Jurdi Abisaab and Malek Abisaab, takes on the ambitious task of tracing the history of the sometimes symbiotic, sometimes confrontational relationship among Shi'i communities and clerics in Lebanon, along with occasional discussions of related issues in Iraqi politics. Based on a rich set of primary documents from both countries, the authors describe in great detail the rise and fall of the Communist experience in the region, the shortcomings of the left as it was gradually superseded by Islamic party formations, and the deep debt of the latter to the former.

Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
Cuba's Medical Mission
Authors: Fitz Don
Published: February 2016

John M. Kirk, Health Care without Borders: Understanding Cuban Medical Internationalism (Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2015), 376 pages, $79.95, hardback.
When the Ebola virus began to spread through western Africa in fall 2014, much of the world panicked. Soon, over 20,000 people were infected, more than 8,000 had died, and worries mounted that the death toll could reach into hundreds of thousands. The United States provided military support; other countries promised money. Cuba was the first nation to respond with what was most needed: it sent 103 nurses and 62 doctors as volunteers to Sierra Leone. With 4,000 medical staff (including 2,400 doctors) already in Africa, Cuba was prepared for the crisis before it began: there had already been nearly two dozen Cuban medical personnel in Sierra Leone.… Since many governments did not know how to respond to Ebola, Cuba trained volunteers from other nations at Havana's Pedro Kourí Institute of Tropical Medicine. In total, Cuba taught 13,000 Africans, 66,000 Latin Americans, and 620 Caribbeans how to treat Ebola without being infected. It was the first time that many had heard of Cuba's emergency response teams.… The Ebola experience is one of many covered in John Kirk's new book Health Care without Borders: Understanding Cuban Medical Internationalism.

Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
The attitudes and opinions of social studies teacher candidates on the usage of technology in education
Sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının eğitimde teknoloji kullanımına ilişkin tutum ve görüşleri
Authors: Şimşek Ünal , Yıldırım Tahsin
Published: February 2016

In our country, just like in many other countries in the world, one of the most important goals of national education is to build up citizens who possess the informational and technological equipment necessary to our time, who are in cooperation with the environment they live in, who love their country, motherland and nation, who are adaptable and can produce solutions when faced with problems. When these matters are taken into consideration, Social Studies and the teachers who will teach them have serious duties. This work has been done in order to determine the attitudes and the opinions of social studies teacher candidates about the use of technology in education; the teachers who undertake as a duty the upbringing of well-equipped, qualified and decent citizens.

 

Özet

Ülkemizde tüm dünya ülkelerinde olduğu gibi milli eğitimin en önemli amaçlarından birisi; çağın gerektirdiği bilgi ve teknolojik donanımına sahip, içinde yaşadığı çevreyle işbirliği içinde olan, ülkesini, vatanını ve milletini seven, uyumlu, yaşadığı sorunlar karşısında çözüm yolları üretebilen vatandaşlar yetiştirmektir. Bu hususlar göz önünde bulundurulduğunda burada Sosyal Bilgiler dersine ve onu anlatacak olan öğretmenlere önemli görevler düşmektedir. Bu çalışma, donanımlı, nitelikli ve iyi vatandaş yetiştirmeyi kendine görev edinen sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının eğitimde teknoloji kullanımına ilişkin tutumlarının ve görüşlerinin neler olduğu tespit etmek için yapılmıştır.
Use of digital books at academic level: Perceptions, attitudes and preferences of post-graduate students
Authors: Bozkurt Aras , Okur Muhammet Recep , Karadeniz Abdulkadir
Published: February 2016

Though first appeared in 1971, digital book technology has evolved especially since 2000s and it is relatively a new research area. Therefore, to better understand this phenomenon, a quantitative survey research was conducted in 2015 spring term in a state university in Turkey. The objective of the study is to explain current state of digital books within post-graduate students’ perspectives and to identify post-graduate student’s perceptions, attitudes and preferences related to digital books. In this regard, this research presents results of the survey. A total of 135 post-graduate students responded the questionnaire. The data regarding use of digital books in addition to demographics was collected through an online questionnaire and the findings were analyzed through descriptive statistics. In this sense, post-graduate students’ use of digital books, purposes to use, preferred devices, and most used features of digital books were examined. In addition to these questions, reasons not to use digital books and post-graduate students’ future attitude whether to use digital books or not were further investigated. Additionally, research directions for future implications were provided.
The relationship between primary and middle school principals’ change leadership behaviors and teachers’ organizational commitment
İlkokul ve ortaokul müdürlerinin değişim liderliği davranışları ile öğretmenlerin örgütsel bağlılıkları arasındaki ilişki
Authors: Çetin Çağrıcı Demet , Savaş Ahmet Cezmi
Published: February 2016

The purpose of the current study is to determine whether primary and middle school teachers’ perceptions of school principals’ change leadership behaviors are correlated with their organizational commitment. The sample of the study was comprised of 252 teachers working at 56 primary and middle schools in Birecik district of Şanlıurfa province. To collect data, “Change Leadership Scale” and “Organizational Commitment Scale” were used. Research data were analyzed using means, standard deviations, correlation analysis and regression analysis. It was concluded that school principals exhibited change leadership behaviors at moderate level (partly agree), and teachers’ organizational commitment perceptions were at moderate level (partly agree) as well. Regression analysis indicated that school principals’ change leadership behaviors were significant and positive predictors of teachers’ organizational commitment. Based on the findings of the research, it can be recommended that school principals must display democratic management, involve teachers in the decisions made regarding change and provide them with required environment and conditions for their professional development in order to enhance teachers’ organizational commitment.

 

Özet

Bu araştırmanın amacı ilkokul ve ortaokullarda görev yapan öğretmenlerin, okul müdürlerinin değişim liderliği davranışlarına ilişkin algılarının, örgütsel bağlılıklarıyla ilişkisi olup olmadığını belirlemektir. Bu araştırmanın örneklemini, Şanlıurfa İli Birecik İlçesi’ ndeki 56 ilköğretim okulunda görev yapan 252 öğretmen oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada veri toplamak amacıyla “Değişim Liderliği Ölçeği” ve “Örgütsel Bağlılık Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri ortalama, standart sapma, korelasyon analizi, regresyon analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; okul müdürlerinin değişim liderliği davranışlarını orta (kısmen katılıyorum düzeyinde) düzeyde sergiledikleri, öğretmenlerin örgütsel bağlılıkları ise orta (katılıyorum düzeyinde) düzeyde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Regresyon analizleri sonucunda okul müdürlerinin değişim liderliği davranışlarının öğretmenlerin örgütsel bağlılığını anlamlı ve pozitif olarak yordadığı görülmüştür. Araştırma bulgularına dayalı olarak öğretmenlerin örgütsel bağlılıklarını arttırmak için okul yöneticilerinin demokratik bir yönetim sergilemeleri, değişim ile ilgili alınan kararlarda öğretmenlerin katılımlarının sağlanması ve mesleki gelişmelerini sağlamak ve sürdürmek için öğretmenlere gerekli ortam ve olanakların sağlanması önerilebilir.
Query-aware locality-sensitive hashing for approximate nearest neighbor search
Authors: Huang Qiang , Feng Jianlin , Zhang Yikai , Fang Qiong , Ng Wilfred
Published: February 2016

Locality-Sensitive Hashing (LSH) and its variants are the well-known indexing schemes for the
c
-Approximate Nearest Neighbor (
c
-ANN) search problem in high-dimensional Euclidean space. Traditionally, LSH functions are constructed in a
query-oblivious
manner in the sense that buckets are partitioned before any query arrives. However, objects closer to a query may be partitioned into different buckets, which is undesirable. Due to the use of
query-oblivious
bucket partition, the state-of-the-art LSH schemes for external memory, namely C2LSH and LSB-Forest, only work with approximation ratio of integer
c
≥ 2.

In this paper, we introduce a novel concept of
query-aware
bucket partition which uses a given query as the "anchor" for bucket partition. Accordingly, a
query-aware
LSH function is a random projection coupled with
query-aware
bucket partition, which removes random shift required by traditional
query-oblivious
LSH functions. Notably,
query-aware
bucket partition can be easily implemented so that query performance is guaranteed. We propose a novel
query-aware
LSH scheme named QALSH for
c
-ANN search over external memory. Our theoretical studies show that QALSH enjoys a guarantee on query quality. The use of
query-aware
LSH function enables QALSH to work with any approximation ratio
c
> 1. Extensive experiments show that QALSH outperforms C2LSH and LSB-Forest, especially in high-dimensional space. Specifically, by using a ratio
c
< 2, QALSH can achieve much better query quality.
K-core decomposition of large networks on a single PC
Authors: Khaouid Wissam , Barsky Marina , Srinivasan Venkatesh , Thomo Alex
Published: February 2016

Studying the topology of a network is critical to inferring underlying dynamics such as tolerance to failure, group behavior and spreading patterns.
k
-core decomposition is a well-established metric which partitions a graph into layers from external to more central vertices. In this paper we aim to explore whether
k
-core decomposition of large networks can be computed using a consumer-grade PC. We feature implementations of the "vertex-centric" distributed protocol introduced by Montresor, De Pellegrini and Miorandi on GraphChi and Webgraph. Also, we present an accurate implementation of the Batagelj and Zaversnik algorithm for
k
-core decomposition in Webgraph. With our implementations, we show that we can efficiently handle networks of billions of edges using a single consumer-level machine within reasonable time and can produce excellent approximations in only a fraction of the execution time. To the best of our knowledge, our biggest graphs are considerably larger than the graphs considered in the literature. Next, we present an optimized implementation of an external-memory algorithm (EMcore) by Cheng, Ke, Chu, and Özsu. We show that this algorithm also performs well for large datasets, however, it cannot predict whether a given memory budget is sufficient for a new dataset. We present a thorough analysis of all algorithms concluding that it is viable to compute
k
-core decomposition for large networks in a consumer-grade PC.
Messing up with BART
Authors: Arocena Patricia C. , Glavic Boris , Mecca Giansalvatore , Miller Renée J. , Papotti Paolo , Santoro Donatello
Published: February 2016

We study the problem of introducing errors into clean databases for the purpose of benchmarking data-cleaning algorithms. Our goal is to provide users with the highest possible level of control over the error-generation process, and at the same time develop solutions that scale to large databases. We show in the paper that the error-generation problem is surprisingly challenging, and in fact, NP-complete. To provide a scalable solution, we develop a correct and efficient greedy algorithm that sacrifices completeness, but succeeds under very reasonable assumptions. To scale to millions of tuples, the algorithm relies on several non-trivial optimizations, including a new symmetry property of data quality constraints. The trade-off between control and scalability is the main technical contribution of the paper.
A seven-dimensional analysis of hashing methods and its implications on query processing
Authors: Richter Stefan , Alvarez Victor , Dittrich Jens
Published: February 2016

Hashing is a solved problem. It allows us to get constant time access for lookups. Hashing is also simple. It is safe to use an arbitrary method as a black box and expect good performance, and optimizations to hashing can only improve it by a negligible delta. Why are all of the previous statements plain wrong? That is what this paper is about. In this paper we thoroughly study hashing for integer keys and carefully analyze the most common hashing methods in a five-dimensional requirements space: (1) data-distribution, (2) load factor, (3) dataset size, (4) read/write-ratio, and (5) un/successful-ratio. Each point in that design space may potentially suggest a different hashing scheme, and additionally also a different hash function. We show that a right or wrong decision in picking the right hashing scheme and hash function combination may lead to significant difference in performance. To substantiate this claim, we carefully analyze two additional dimensions: (6) five representative hashing schemes (which includes an improved variant of Robin Hood hashing), (7) four important classes of hash functions widely used today. That is, we consider 20 different combinations in total. Finally, we also provide a glimpse about the effect of table memory layout and the use of SIMD instructions. Our study clearly indicates that picking the right combination may have considerable impact on insert and lookup performance, as well as memory footprint. A major conclusion of our work is that hashing should be considered a white box before blindly using it in applications, such as query processing. Finally, we also provide a strong guideline about when to use which hashing method.
QuERy
Authors: Altwaijry Hotham , Mehrotra Sharad , Kalashnikov Dmitri V.
Published: February 2016

This paper explores an analysis-aware data cleaning architecture for a large class of SPJ SQL queries. In particular, we propose QuERy, a novel framework for integrating entity resolution (ER) with query processing. The aim of QuERy is to correctly and efficiently answer complex queries issued on top of dirty data. The comprehensive empirical evaluation of the proposed solution demonstrates its significant advantage in terms of efficiency over the traditional techniques for the given problem settings.
New lower and upper bounds for shortest distance queries on terrains
Authors: Kaul Manohar , Wong Raymond Chi-Wing , Jensen Christian S.
Published: February 2016

The increasing availability of massive and accurate laser data enables the processing of spatial queries on terrains. As shortest-path computation, an integral element of query processing, is inherently expensive on terrains, a key approach to enabling efficient query processing is to reduce the need for exact shortest-path computation in query processing. We develop new lower and upper bounds on terrain shortest distances that are provably tighter than any existing bounds. Unlike existing bounds, the new bounds do not rely on the quality of the triangulation. We show how use of the new bounds speeds up query processing by reducing the need for exact distance computations. Speedups of of nearly an order of magnitude are demonstrated empirically for well-known spatial queries.
The complexity of resilience and responsibility for self-join-free conjunctive queries
Authors: Freire Cibele , Gatterbauer Wolfgang , Immerman Neil , Meliou Alexandra
Published: February 2016

Several research thrusts in the area of data management have focused on understanding how changes in the data affect the output of a view or standing query. Example applications are explaining query results, propagating updates through views, and anonymizing datasets. An important aspect of this analysis is the problem of
deleting a minimum number of tuples from the input tables
to make a given Boolean query false, which we refer to as "
the resilience of a query.
" In this paper, we study the complexity of resilience for
self-join-free conjunctive queries with arbitrary functional dependencies.
The cornerstone of our work is the novel concept of triads, a simple structural property of a query that leads to the several dichotomy results we show in this paper. The concepts of triads and resilience bridge the connections between the problems of deletion propagation and causal responsibility, and allow us to substantially advance the known complexity results in these topics. Specifically, we show a dichotomy for the complexity of resilience, which identifies previously unknown tractable families for deletion propagation with source side-effects, and we extend this result to account for functional dependencies. Further, we identify a mistake in a previous dichotomy for causal responsibility, and offer a revised characterization based purely on the structural form of the query (presence or absence of triads). Finally, we extend the dichotomy for causal responsibility in two ways: (a) we account for functional dependencies in the input tables, and (b) we compute responsibility for sets of tuples specified via wildcards.
Streaming anomaly detection using randomized matrix sketching
Authors: Huang Hao , Kasiviswanathan Shiva Prasad
Published: February 2016

Data is continuously being generated from sources such as machines, network traffic, application logs, etc. Timely and accurate detection of anomalies in massive data streams has important applications such as in preventing machine failures, intrusion detection, and dynamic load balancing. In this paper, we introduce a novel (unsupervised) anomaly detection framework which can be used to detect anomalies in a streaming fashion by making only one pass over the data while utilizing limited storage. We adapt ideas from matrix sketching to maintain, in a streaming model, a set of few orthogonal vectors that form a good approximate basis for all the observed data. Using this constructed orthogonal basis, anomalies in new incoming data are detected based on a simple reconstruction error test. We theoretically prove that our algorithm compares favorably with an offline approach based on expensive global singular value decomposition (SVD) updates. Additionally, we apply ideas from randomized low-rank matrix approximations to further speedup the algorithm. The experimental results show the effectiveness and efficiency of our approach over other popular scalable anomaly detection approaches.
Behavior query discovery in system-generated temporal graphs
Authors: Zong Bo , Xiao Xusheng , Li Zhichun , Wu Zhenyu , Qian Zhiyun , Yan Xifeng , Singh Ambuj K. , Jiang Guofei
Published: February 2016

Computer system monitoring generates huge amounts of logs that record the interaction of system entities. How to query such data to better understand system behaviors and identify potential system risks and malicious behaviors becomes a challenging task for system administrators due to the dynamics and heterogeneity of the data. System monitoring data are essentially heterogeneous temporal graphs with nodes being system entities and edges being their interactions over time. Given the complexity of such graphs, it becomes time-consuming for system administrators to manually formulate useful queries in order to examine abnormal activities, attacks, and vulnerabilities in computer systems.

In this work, we investigate how to query temporal graphs and treat
query formulation
as a discriminative temporal graph pattern mining problem. We introduce TGMiner to mine discriminative patterns from system logs, and these patterns can be taken as templates for building more complex queries. TGMiner leverages temporal information in graphs to prune graph patterns that share similar growth trend without compromising pattern quality. Experimental results on real system data show that TGMiner is 6-32 times faster than baseline methods. The discovered patterns were verified by system experts; they achieved high precision (97%) and recall (91%).
An efficient partition based method for exact set similarity joins
Authors: Deng Dong , Li Guoliang , Wen He , Feng Jianhua
Published: February 2016

We study the exact set similarity join problem, which, given two collections of sets, finds out all the similar set pairs from the collections. Existing methods generally utilize the prefix filter based framework. They generate a prefix for each set and prune all the pairs whose prefixes are disjoint. However the pruning power is limited, because if two dissimilar sets share a common element in their prefixes, they cannot be pruned. To address this problem, we propose a partition-based framework. We design a partition scheme to partition the sets into several subsets and guarantee that two sets are similar only if they share a common subset. To improve the pruning power, we propose a mixture of the subsets and their 1-deletion neighborhoods (the subset of a set by eliminating one element). As there are multiple allocation strategies to generate the mixture, we evaluate different allocations and design a dynamic-programming algorithm to select the optimal one. However the time complexity of generating the optimal one is
O
(
s
3
) for a set with size
s.
To speed up the allocation selection, we develop a greedy algorithm with an approximation ratio of 2. To further reduce the complexity, we design an adaptive grouping mechanism, and the two techniques can reduce the complexity to
O
(
s
log
s
). Experimental results on three real-world datasets show our method achieves high performance and outperforms state-of-the-art methods by 2-5 times.
CLAMShell
Authors: Haas Daniel , Wang Jiannan , Wu Eugene , Franklin Michael J.
Published: February 2016

Data labeling is a necessary but often slow process that impedes the development of interactive systems for modern data analysis. Despite rising demand for manual data labeling, there is a surprising lack of work addressing its high and unpredictable latency. In this paper, we introduce CLAMShell, a system that speeds up crowds in order to achieve consistently low-latency data labeling. We offer a taxonomy of the sources of labeling latency and study several large crowd-sourced labeling deployments to understand their empirical latency profiles. Driven by these insights, we comprehensively tackle each source of latency, both by developing novel techniques such as straggler mitigation and pool maintenance and by optimizing existing methods such as crowd retainer pools and active learning. We evaluate CLAMShell in simulation and on live workers on Amazon's Mechanical Turk, demonstrating that our techniques can provide an order of magnitude speedup and variance reduction over existing crowdsourced labeling strategies.
Exploiting equality generating dependencies in checking chase termination
Authors: Calautti Marco , Greco Sergio , Molinaro Cristian , Trubitsyna Irina
Published: February 2016

The chase is a well-known algorithm with a wide range of applications in data exchange, data cleaning, data integration, query optimization, and ontological reasoning. Since the chase evaluation might not terminate and it is undecidable whether it terminates, the problem of defining (decidable) sufficient conditions ensuring termination has received a great deal of interest in recent years. In this regard, several termination criteria have been proposed. One of the main weaknesses of current approaches is the limited analysis they perform on
equality generating dependencies
(EGDs).

In this paper, we propose sufficient conditions ensuring that a set of dependencies has at least one terminating chase sequence. We propose novel criteria which are able to perform a more accurate analysis of EGDs. Specifically, we propose a new stratification criterion and an adornment algorithm. The latter can both be used as a termination criterion and be combined with current techniques to make them more effective, in that strictly more sets of dependencies are identified. Our techniques identify sets of dependencies that are not recognized by any of the current criteria.
Leveraging lock contention to improve OLTP application performance
Authors: Yan Cong , Cheung Alvin
Published: February 2016

Locking is one of the predominant costs in transaction processing. While much work has focused on designing efficient concurrency control mechanisms, not much has been done on understanding how transaction applications issue queries and leveraging application semantics to improve application performance. This paper presents Q
uro
, a query-aware compiler that automatically reorders queries in transaction code to improve performance. Observing that certain queries within a transaction are more contentious than others as they require locking the same tuples as other concurrently executing transactions, Q
uro
automatically changes the application such that contentious queries are issued as late as possible. We have evaluated Q
uro
on various transaction benchmarks, and our results show that Q
uro
-generated implementations can increase transaction throughput by up to 6.53x, while reduce transaction latency by up to 85%.