bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kesintasan Gejala Gastrointestinal dengan Luaran Pasien Anak Terkonfirmasi Covid-19
Authors: Jurnalis Yusri Dianne , Gahayu Utari Gustiany , Anugrah Diyas , Rilliani Revi , Zulfahmi Zulfahmi , Nindrea Ricvan Dana
Published: January 2022

Latar belakang. Data nasional menunjukkan proporsi kasus konfirmasi Covid-19 pada usia 0-18 tahun mencapai 12,5% yang artinya 1 dari 8 kasus konfirmasi Covid-19 adalah anak. Data IDAI menunjukkan Case Fatality Rate akibat Covid-19 pada anak mencapai 3-5%. Gejala gastrointestinal pada Covid-19 dapat terjadi tanpa didahului oleh gejala pernapasan. Anak lebih sering menunjukkan gejala gastrointestinal dibandingkan orang dewasa.Tujuan. Untuk mengetahui gejala gastrointestinal terhadap luaran pasien anak terkonfirmasi Covid-19.Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan kohort retrospektif di ruang isolasi Covid-19 RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Penelitian dilakukan selama bulan Mei 2020-Mei 2021. Populasi penelitian adalah semua pasien anak yang terkonfirmasi Covid-19 di RSUP M. Djamil yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Teknik pengambilan sampel diambil dari data rekam medik dengan minimal 24 sampel.Hasil. Berdasarkan gejala gastrointestinal ditemukan bahwa konstipasi, diare, nyeri perut dan perdarahan saluran cerna tidak berhubungan dengan luaran pasien Covid-19 anak yang dirawat (p>0,05). Namun terdapat hubungan muntah dengan luaran pasien Covid-19 anak yang dirawat (p<0,05). Selain itu, ditemukan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan rerata lama rawatan dengan luaran pasien Covid-19 anak yang dirawat (p>0,05).Kesimpulan. Pada penelitian ini, pasien dengan gejala gastrointestinal terbukti sebagai prediktor terjadinya prognosis buruk dari pasien anak Covid- 19 yang dirawat.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF LIPOPHILIC FRACTIONS OF SHOOTS OF THREE SPECIES OF THE GENUS CRATAEGUS L.
Authors: Khasanova Svetlana Rashitovna , Kudashkina Natal'ya Vladimirovna , Gusakova Valeriya Andreyevna , Jalalova Nadira Begim Kursanovna
Published: January 2022

The article presents research of the chemical composition of lipophilic fractions of shoots Crataegus sanguinea Pall. (Rosaceae), Crataegus submollis Sarg. (Rosaceae) and Crataegus almaatensis Pojark. (Rosaceae). Lipophilic extract is obtained  from petroleum ether. The components of the lipophilic fraction were separated and identified by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. 36 compounds were identified in lipophilic fractions: hydrocarbons, fatty acids, sugars, phenolic compounds, diterpenoids and sterols. Their presence may determine the pharmacological properties of hawthorn shoots. These research expand information about the chemical composition of these hawthorn species and can be used in the development of a new drug.
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF THE PROFILE OF FREE ORGANIC ACIDS IN FRUITS OF SEA BUCKTHORN (HIP-POPHAE RHAMNOIDES L.) OF VARIOUS VARIETIES
Authors: Trineeva Ol'ga Valer'yevna , Rudaya Margarita Aleksandrovna
Published: January 2022

An important role in the metabolism of ripening plant fruits is assigned to such a group of biologically active substances (BAS) as organic acids. This group of compounds accumulates in the fruits of plant objects in significant quantities, and the nature of the accumulation is in close relationship with metabolic processes, and is also determined by the influence of environmental factors, species and varietal characteristics of the plant. One of the promising plant sources of this group of BAS is the fruits of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.). On the example of the fruits of ten different varieties of this plant, a comparative study of the profile of free organic acids was carried out using a complex of different methods of analysis (capillary electrophoresis (CE), thin layer chromatography (TLC), titrimetry). The cultivars with the maximum and minimum accumulation of BAS were identified. It was found that the composition of organic acids for the representatives of the variety samples is not the same, the maximum separation of chromatographic zones is observed in the variety «Ryabinovaya», the minimum - in the varieties «Stolichnaya», «Galerit», «Botanicheskaya», «Botanicheskaya amateur». The studied fruits were found to contain oxalic, malic, succinic and tartaric acids, identified using reliable standard samples. In the course of the research, specific marker zones were established, which can characterize the belonging of the fruits to a particular variety. The most informative is the method of СE, as it allows for one analytical procedure to carry out the qualitative and quantitative determination of free organic acids in acid and salt forms. However, complete information on the composition and quantitative content of acids can be obtained only by combining TLC and CE methods.
INVESTIGATION OF THE POSSIBILITY OF USING THE METHOD OF DIFFERENTIAL SPECTROPHOTOMETRY FOR THE ANALYSIS OF OVERLAPPING ABSORPTION BANDS OF TRITERPENE SAPONINS CHROMOPHORES AND THEIR QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
Authors: Mironenko Natal'ya Vladimirovna , Shkutina Irina Viktorovna , Kalmykova Anastasiya Sergeyevna , Selemenev Vladimir Fedorovich
Published: January 2022

A detailed analysis of the absorption spectra of mono- and bidesmoside triterpene glycosides was performed. It is suggested that the maximum in the region of 198–208 nm is attributed to the absorption of the double bond in the cyclohexene ring of the aglycone. The second less seen maximum at a wavelength of 280 nm is observed in the spectrum of saponin Quillaja Saponaria and is almost completely absent in the spectrum of saponin Mukorossi Sapindus. Identification of this maximum is extremely difficult, since its presence can be due to both the aldehyde group in the aglycone and the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the carbohydrate molecules.

Using the method of differential spectrophotometry, a method for decomposing the UV spectrum of saponins into its constituent components is proposed and justified. A spectral analysis was performed, including the assignment of the absorption bands to the functional groups of the studied compounds. The possibility of estimating changes in the spectral properties of glycoside solutions with changes in the acidity of the medium is considered. The possibility of a bathochromic shift of the maximum absorption of the aglyconic part of saponin depending on the microenvironment (the structure of the carbohydrate part) and changes in the pH of the solution is established. It is shown that the bands at 274, 280.5 nm correspond to n-π* transitions of carbonyl and carboxyl groups and are determined only in the regions of high concentrations in Quillaja Saponaria saponin solutions. Based on the results obtained, calibration models for the quantitative determination of saponins in solutions are proposed. The regression analysis of the calibration equations is carried out, the main statistical indicators are calculated.
IDENTIFICATION AND CONTENT OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS IN A BUTANOL FRACTION OF EXTRACT FROM THE FLOWERS OF TANACETUM VULGARE
Authors: Krol Tat'yana Anatol'yevna , Zinnatshina Lidiya Viktorovna , Baleev Dmitriy Nikolayevich , Sidelnikov Николай Иванович , Ossipov Vladimir Ionovich
Published: January 2022

Tanacetum vulgare L. (syn.: Chrysanthemum vulgare (L). Bernh) is a perennial medicinal plant with a Euro-Asian type of habitat. Tansy extracts have a wide biological and pharmacological activity. At the All-Russian Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, on the basis of the butanol fraction of the T. vulgare flowers extract was developed a drug with high choleretic and anti-inflammatory activity. In this regard, the aim of this work was to study the qualitative composition and quantitative content of phenolic compounds of the butanol fraction, which are supposed to determine its biological activity. For this was obtained a phenolic compounds fraction, isolated from the extract of inflorescences of T. vulgare plants grown on the VILAR experimental plot. High-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection in combination with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-PDA-HRMS) was used for the analysis. Our studies have shown that the butanol fraction of T. vulgare contains 7 phenolic compounds, among which myricetin-3-glucoside was detected for the first time. The content of phenolic compounds reaches 90%, while the main compounds are neochlorogenic, 3,5- and 4,5-dicofeylquinic acids, the proportion of which is 69%. Thus, the obtained data indicate that the pharmacological activity of the drug based on the butanol fraction of the extract from tansy flowers is due to the high content of caffeoylquinic acids.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE TECHNOLOGY FOR THE SEPARATION OF THE COMPONENTS FROM GREEN TEA USING THE PREPARATIVE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY BY DESIGN OF PERIODICAL PROCESS
Authors: Muelchi Elena Petrovna , Andryukhova Marina Viktorovna
Published: January 2022

Leaves of the green tea plant camellis sinensis contain up to 36 % polyphenols. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the most interesting polyphenols because it exhibits a strong antioxidant effect. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that EGCG has an antimutagenic and an anticancer effects, an antibacterial effect and a beneficial effect on cholesterol level in blood. Therefore, is needed to isolate EGCG in a pure form in high yield by simple and commercial process. This method for isolation of EGCG contents the following steps: a) selection of macroporous polar resin for the preparative liquid chromatography; b) selection of polar elution solvent; c) determination the temperature and pressure for adsorbtion and desorbtion of the polyphenols of the green tea. Therefore, it was searched the interconnection between yield of EGCG and the range of temperature and amount of eluent. Finally, the process for the separation of Epigallocatechin gallate from green tea extract was developed in the laboratory and EGCG was isolated with the concentration 92% by the yield 43%. Accordingly, the technology of EGCG production based on the preparative liquid chromatography was launched and introduced on the market.
EFFECT OF AN EXTRAGENT ON THE COMPOSITION OF THE LIPOPHILIC CONSTITUENTS OF THE EXTRACTS OF RHODIOLA ROSEA L. AND ON THE EXTRACTS ACTIVITY
Authors: Kukina Tat'yana Petrovna , Shcherbakov Дмитрий Николаевич , Zybkina Anastasiya Vladimirovna , Elshin Ivan Aleksandrovich , Korsakov Vladislav Olegovich , Salnikova Ol'ga Iosifovna , Kolosov Petr Vladimirovich , Sandag Tsogtsaykhan , Karakai Dar'ya Aleksandrovna , Mordvinova Ekaterina Denisovna
Published: January 2022

The composition of the plant Rhodiola rosea L. lipophylic substances was studied. Acidic and neutral components were identified by gas-chromatography-mass-spectrometry. With methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE) as an extractant instead of the volatile solvent diethyl ether, lipophylic extract was obtained. Methyl-tert-butyl ether used as an extraction solvent for raw materials has all the advantages of diethyl ether, being free of its disadvantages. It does not form peroxides or produce elevated partial gas pressure due to its higher boiling point. As a result, comparison with databases identified some triterpene, phenolic and aliphatic acids with chain lengths 12 to 30 carbon atoms, including saturated, unsaturated, and dibasic acids. In addition to the components known from the literature, more than 50 triterpene and aliphatic compounds were detected in the unsaponifiable residue and acidic fractions for the first time. The hexane extract and the product obtained by the stepwise extraction of MTBE after the extraction of low-polarity compounds with hexane were investigated in a similar way. In the case of an extract obtained using MTBE after the extraction of low-polarity components with hexane, there was shown a more efficient extraction of benzoic and cinnamic acids compared to the exhaustive extraction of MTBE. These acids are absent in the hexane extract. Ethanol extraction was also carried out to test bioactivity: exhaustive and after hexane and MTBE extraction. Extracts obtained using MTBE and ethanol showed anti-virus activity against Ebola psevdovirus.
CARDIOPULMONARY EXERCISE TESTING RESPONSES AND PRO-BNP VALUES IN ADULTS WITH MILD DEGREES OF DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION
Authors: Ahmadian H.R. , Sherratt J.R. , Lochner K.M. , Dubois M. , Leclerc K.M.
Published: January 2022

Diastolic dysfunction (DD) can range from a process of normal aging to overt heart failure (HF). Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) variables (VO2max and VE/VCO2 slope), and pro-BNP values are abnormal in diastolic HF patients. These CPET parameters have not previously been investigated in adults with varying degrees of DD without clinical HF. Ten subjects with grade 1, and twelve with grade 2 DD had pro-BNP values measured, and subseqeuntly underwent CPET assessment. No subjects with grade 3 or 4 DD were eligible for enrollment based on pre-existing HF or co-morbidities. CPET responses were normal for all individuals and without significant differences between grade I and II DD. Pro-BNP values were significantly higher in those with grade II dysfunction but still under a threshold consistent with HF. We conclude that adults with grade 1 or 2 DD have normal and prognostically favorable CPET responses and pro-BNP values.
RAMADAN FASTING EFFECTS ON METABOLIC PARAMETERS IN ELDERLY PERSONS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS
Authors: Baccouche H. , Hellara I. , Khochtali I. , Grissa M.H. , Boubaker H. , Beltaief K. , Bouida W. , Najjar F. , Boukef R. , Hassine M. , Nouira S.
Published: January 2022

Objective: Our study aims was to evaluate the effect of Ramadan fasting on routine biochemical parameters in elderly subjects with cardiovascular risk factors. Design : Cohort study. Setting: Subjects were prospectively recruited and screened at nine primary care clinics, three outpatients specialized clinics and an emergency departement. Participants: subjects aged ≥ 65 years (n=87) recruted in Ramadan month in 2010, 2011 and 2012. Measurements: Dietary intake using a 24 hour recall, biochemical tests including complete lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), renal function tests, serum uric acid, serum electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride and protein), glycaemia, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C). All data related to dietary intake and biochemical tests were performed one month before Ramadan, during the last week of Ramadan and one month after Ramadan. Comparison between the three time groups were made using standard statistical tests. Results: We showed a significant decrease of creatinine clearance and an increase of serum triglycerides and blood glucose during Ramadan. After Ramadan, we observed a significant increase in HDL-C was and a significant decrease in serum triglycerides and HbA1c. No correlation was found between glycaemia and total energy intake, neither between LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and total energy intake. Conclusion: In elderly subjects with cardiovascular risk factors, Ramadan seems to induce dual effects. During the fasting period, there is a potential risk of renal function decrease and an increase of glycaemia. In contrast, after Ramadan, our findings support the potential beneficial effect of fasting on lipid regulation and glycemic control.
SHORT-FORM MINI NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT AS A TOOL FOR NUTRITION EVALUATION IN ELDERLY INDIVIDUALS WITH CANCER IN BRAZIL
Authors: Marques Rodrigues G. , Santos da Silva J.F. , Bittencourt Ferreira D. , Santiago L.M. , Lima Luz L. , Mattos I.E.
Published: January 2022

Objective: To analyze to role of the Short-Form Mini Nutritional Assessment in the nutritional assessment of elderly individuals with cancer. Study Design: Cross-sectional epidemiological study. Location: Outpatient services at eight cancer hospitals in the cities of Campo Grande and Rio de Janeiro, in Brazil. Participants: 333 individuals, aged 60 or older, with prostate cancer, interviewed in the period before the definition of cancer treatment. Methods: The nutritional profile was assessed with the Short Form Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF) and with the Body Mass Index (BMI), according to Lipschitz’s classification. Socio-demographic and clinical variables were also considered. We analyzed the distribution of elderly individuals by MNA-SF items according to MNA-SF and BMI categories and the Fisher’s exact test was applied for testing the statistical significance of the observed differences (p≤0.05). Results: Based on the MNA-SF, 235 (73.0%) individuals had an adequate nutritional status; 74 (23.0%) were at risk for malnutrition and 13 (4.0%) were considered malnourished. Based on the BMI, 49 elders (15.2%) were classified as low weight; 150 (46.4%) as normal weight and 124 (38.4%) as overweight. For each item in the MNS-SF, the frequency of answers corresponding to deficiencies was high among elderly individuals at risk for malnutrition, with statistical significance. With respect to the BMI, only “Food intake declined over the past 3 months” and “BMI” had statistically significant differences. Conclusion: MNA-SF showed a good relationship between its component items and proved to be an adequate tool to describe nutritional risk in elderly cancer patients. Early detection of this risk paves the way for an early nutritional approach and for preventing undesirable outcomes with respect to the health of those individuals. As other advantages, MNA-SF is easy to interpret, demands a short time for application and is well accepted by the elders.
SEVERE VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY, FUNCTIONAL IMPAIRMENT AND MORTALITY IN ELDERLY NURSING HOME RESIDENTS
Authors: Centeno Peláez V. , Ausín L. , Ruiz Mambrilla M. , Gonzalez-Sagrado M. , Pérez Castrillón J.L.
Published: January 2022

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is independently associated with functional impairment in elderly patients and is an independent risk factor for mortality. Objective: To assess the influence of severe vitamin D deficiency on the functional status, falls, fractures, cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and all-cause mortality in elderly nursing home residents. Design: Non-interventional, prospective, observational study. Setting: Nursing home. Participants: Non-dependent elderly. Measurements: Urea, creatinine, cholesterol, triglycerides, calcium, phosphorus, 25-OH vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and cystatin C were determined in blood and microalbuminuria in urine. All patients were administered the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living (Katz ADL), the Tinetti Balance and Gait Evaluation, lower extremity function tests and the Mini-Mental State Examination. Patients were divided in two groups: those with 25-hydroxyvitamin D <12.48 nmol/l (severe vitamin D deficiency) and those with 25-hydroxyvitamin D ≥ 12.48 nmol/l. Falls, clinical fractures, and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and all-cause mortality were recorded during the 20-month follow up. Results: Patients with severe vitamin D deficiency were older (87 ± 7 vs. 83 ± 7 yrs., p = 0.025) and more often female (96% vs 4%, p = 0.028) and had lower levels and calcium and albumin and higher levels of PTH, a higher frequency of heart disease (p = 0.02), and worse lower extremity function: Tinetti gait (10 ± 2.39 vs 11.21 ± 1.44, p = 0.034), Tinetti balance (1.83 ± 1.11 vs 2.5 ± 1.19, p = 0.011). These patients had a non-significant higher number of falls and clinical fractures, and significantly greater mortality (29% vs 2%, p = 0.01). Conclusions: Non-dependent elderly nursing home residents with severe vitamin D deficiency have greater mortality, functional impairment of the lower extremities and a trend to a greater number of falls and clinical fractures.
Assessment of external interface of autonomous vehicles
Authors: Orlický Adam , Mashko Alina , Mík Josef
Published: January 2022

The paper deals with the problem of a communication interface between autonomous vehicles (AV) and pedestrians. The introduced methodology for assessing new and existing e-HMI (external HMI) contributes to traffic safety in cities. The methodology is implemented in a pilot experiment with a scenario designed in virtual reality (VR). The simulated scene represents an urban zebra crossing with an approaching autonomous vehicle. The projection is implemented with the help of a head-up display – a headset with a built-in eye tracker. The suggested methodology analyses the pedestrian’s decision making based on the visual cues – the signals displayed on the autonomous vehicle. Furthermore, the decision making is correlated to subjects’ eye behaviour, based on gaze-direction data. The method presented in this paper contributes to the safety of a vehicle-pedestrian communication of autonomous vehicles and is a part of a research that shall further contribute to the design and assessment of external communication interfaces of AV in general.
FIELD MEASUREMENT AND NUMERICAL STUDY OF EXTERNAL WIND PRESSURE OF RIBBED COOLING TOWER
Authors: Yuan Zi-hou , Ming-xiang  , Yi-chen
Published: January 2022

The hyperbolic thin-shell cooling tower is a typical wind-sensitive structure. The full-size measurement is the most direct and important way to study the distribution of wind pressure on the surface of the cooling tower. Due to the limitations of engineering conditions and meteorological conditions, the field measured data are relatively lacking, and the field test data of ribbed cooling towers are less. In order to analyze the wind pressure distribution on the surface of the cooling tower, we chose a ribbed cooling tower in Toksun County, Xinjiang, China, where there are strong winds all year round, and field measurements were carried out to understand the wind load characteristics of the tower under the perennial dominant wind direction and the maximum wind direction. It was found that the absolute value of the negative pressure on the leeward side was larger than that in the code and the fluctuating wind pressure coefficient fluctuates greatly when the field measured wind speed was greater than 10m/s (15 meters above the ground). For circular section cooling tower, the Reynolds number (Re) has great influence on wind pressure. With the increase of Re, the absolute value of the average negative pressure of the tail wind pressure coefficient increases, which should be paid attention to in design. The regression curves of the average wind pressure coefficients measured on site under several typical working conditions are given by using the least square method, and its form is consistent with the standard (but the coefficients are different). In addition, Fluent software was used to calculate the external wind pressure of the cooling tower, and the field measured results were compared with the Chinese code, German code and numerical calculation, and the results were consistent.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYURETHANE POWDER COMPOSITES
Authors: Zhang Kexin
Published: January 2022

In this paper, the effects of emery, lime, quartz sand and cement on the mechanical properties of polyurethane powder composites were studied by three-point flexural test, and the stress-strain curve was drawn. In the flexural test, the polyurethane cement composite formed a control group by changing the content of polyester polyol. When polyester polyol: isocyanate: cement =1:1:2, the average flexural strength of polyurethane cement was 37.1 MPa, and the strain was 10854 με.When polyester polyol: isocyanate: cement =1.15:1:2, the average flexural strength is 38.9 MPa and the strain is 23520 με.When polyester polyol: isocyanate: cement =1.3:1:2, the average flexural strength is 42.5 MPa and the strain is 32942 με. The flexural strength and ductility are improved to a certain extent due to the addition of polyester polyol.The average flexural strength of other polyurethane powder composites such as polyurethane emery test block is 45.1 MPa and the strain is 6203 με, the average flexural strength of polyurethane lime test block is 33.4 MPa and the strain is 6470 με, the average flexural strength of polyurethane quartz sand test block is 49.23 MPa and the strain is 7521 με. The results show that the flexural strength of polyurethane emery material and polyurethane quartz sand material is higher than that of polyurethane cement, which can be used to replace cement to a certain extent to reduce the cost of polyurethane composite material.
Investigating the behavior of boundary elements in steel shear walls with different connections
Authors: Ying Bi
Published: January 2022

In the recent five decades, steel shear walls have been one of the most important systems in the construction and rehabilitation of many structures. The system has many advantages including high strength and stiffness, high ductility and excellent energy dissipation capacity. Steel shear walls are made and executed in different types. These include walls with and without stiffeners as well as composites. Recent research shows that they are a type of steel shear wall in which the infill plate is slightly away from the boundary members. In fact, there is no connection between the infill plate and one of boundary members. Therefore, in this study, the behavior of traditional one-story-one-span steel shear walls with 4 different lengths was investigated. For comparison, walls in which the sheet was attached only to a beam or column were examined. Obtained results from the study showed that the lateral bearing capacity of samples with free beam or free column is less than that of samples with full connection, on average 20%. Also, the strength of the samples with free column is slightly higher than the samples with free beam. In addition, boundary members, especially columns, are much less affected by forces in free-column specimens than in other specimens, and this could decreases economical costs.
Problems and Prospects of Implementing MOOCs Massive Open Online Courses in North East India in LIS Perspective
Authors: Kumar Amit , Buragohain Dibanjyoti , Singh Vinod Kumar
Published: January 2022

The paper intends to explore MOOC that has attained considerable attention in attracting the academic intellectuals of different disciplines across the globe. The purpose of the paper is to analyse, evaluate and understand the barriers followed by the scope of implementing MOOC courses especially the LIS perspective in northeast India. The paper also tends to study the significance of MOOCs in the NE region. A comprehensive conceptual model has been put forward by reviewing the existing literature related to the specific field of study. The model shall be beneficial to the team members designing and developing the framework for the MOOC courses (LIS) in North-East India.
Promoting the Use of Reference Management Tools An Opportunity for Librarians to Promote Scientific Tradition
Authors: Bapte Vishal D. , Bejalwar Supriya A.
Published: January 2022

The scientific tradition entails that any scientific work needs to be cited if it is responsible for the development of further another research work. This review article discusses the role of library professionals in promoting Reference Management Tools (RMTs) amongst the teachers, students, and researchers to maintain the scientific tradition of citation management. Among the various citation management tools available, four exemplary tools have been discussed briefly. The review of the literature revealed that the users have mixed responses pertaining to the use of RMTs. Especially; the common experience in respect of quality usage is very low. The users seemed to have limited themselves to make use of RMTs for reference management instead of exploring all the options associated with it. An attempt has been made to highlight why and how librarians should promote RMTs in the academic environment. Since librarians are considered experts in the field of reference management, they must grab this opportunity to strengthen the profession. The article urges the library professionals to get expertise in using RMTs so as to promote them successfully for academic writing and research activities.
AVALIAÇÃO EM PACIENTES PORTADORES DE DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2 ATENDIDOS PELA FARMÁCIA MUNICIPAL DE SANTA MARIA, RS, BRASIL: REGISTROS DE INTERVENÇÃO FARMACÊUTICA
Authors: Flores Gabriela Nunes , Weber Luísa Pagliarini , Silva Carine Viana , Bitencourt Paula Eliete Rodrigues
Published: January 2022

Diabetes mellitus (DM) tipo 2, caracterizado por hiperglicemia associada a defeitos na secreção/ação da insulina, acomete um grande número de indivíduos. O controle glicêmico adequado pode reduzir o risco de desenvolvimento de complicações. Entretanto, por ser uma doença silenciosa, o tempo para o diagnóstico pode facilitar o desenvolvimento de outras doenças, o que leva a utilização de outros medicamentos e, consequentemente, a interações medicamentosas (IM). O objetivo desse trabalho foi realizar uma intervenção farmacêutica na farmácia municipal de Santa Maria, visando melhorar o controle glicêmico de pacientes com DM tipo 2. Foram utilizados questionários para obtenção de dados sobre a doença e os medicamentos utilizados por essa população. Os pacientes foram acompanhados mensalmente (por três meses). As IM foram pesquisadas na base de dados Drugs. Os resultados demonstraram que grande parte dos pacientes era mulher, acima de 50 anos e o diagnóstico da doença foi após os 35 anos. Além disso, apresentavam histórico familiar de DM e já manifestavam algum tipo de complicação. Os serviços de acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico e de educação em saúde realizados sugeriram uma resposta positiva ao controle do DM nos pacientes atendidos. Com relação aos medicamentos mais utilizados estavam os hipoglicemiantes, como a metformina e insulina, além de anti-hipertensivos. Foram encontradas 323 IM, sendo 11 classificadas como graves. Os resultados confirmaram que a orientação farmacêutica auxilia sobremaneira na compreensão pelo paciente sobre a influência da adesão ao tratamento e da inclusão de mudanças no estilo de vida no adequado controle glicêmico.
The Blockade as a Double-Edged Sword
Authors: Regalado Roberto
Published: January 2022

Not a day has gone by that the United States has not tried to overturn the Cuban Revolution, through the assassination of its leaders, invasions by proxy forces, preventing it from normal commercial and diplomatic relations, and encouraging social distress in the island to become a counterrevolutionary force.
Anna Mur I Raurell, “La Mancha Roja” y “la Montaña Blanca”. Las Órdenes Militares de Santiago, Calatrava y Alcántara en Centroeuropa antes y después de 1620 (ss. XVI-XVII)
Authors: Linares González Héctor
Published: January 2022

Book review: Anna Mur i Raurell, “La Mancha Roja” y “la Montaña Blanca”. Las órdenes militares de Santiago, Calatrava y Alcántara en Centroeuropa antes y después de 1620 (ss. XVI-XVII). Praha: Karolinum 2018, 462 p. ISBN 978-80-246-3472-2.
Jaroslav Hrdlička – Jan Blahoslav Lášek (eds.), Paměti Vlastimila Kybala II.
Authors: Opatrný Josef
Published: January 2022

Book review: Jaroslav Hrdlička – Jan Blahoslav Lášek (eds.), Paměti Vlastimila Kybala II. Brno: L. Marek, 2020, 823 p. ISBN 978-80-87127-55-1.
Consuelo Naranjo Orovio – Miguel Angel Puig-Samper (eds.), La esclavitud y el legado cultural de África en el Caribe. Slavery and the African cultural legacy in the Caribbean
Authors: Opatrný Josef
Published: January 2022

Book review: Consuelo Naranjo Orovio – Miguel Angel Puig-Samper (eds.), La esclavitud y el legado cultural de África en el Caribe. Slavery and the African Cultural Legacy in the Caribbean. Madrid: Ediciones Doce Calles, 2020, bibl., 285 p. ISBN: 978-84-9744-317-3.
Manuel Hernández González, Resistencia y adaptación. La pugna del campesinado guajiro isleño del occidente de Cuba contra la sacarocracía (1670-1817)
Authors: Opatrný Josef
Published: January 2022

Book review: Manuel Hernández González, Resistencia y adaptación. La pugna del campesinado guajiro isleño del occidente de Cuba contra la sacarocracía (1670-1817). Santa Cruz de Tenerife: Ediciones IDEA, 2020, 753 p. ISBN 978-84-18138-55-3.
Pavel Marek, Pernštejnské ženy: Marie Manrique de Lara a její dcery ve službách habsburské dynastie
Authors: Lee Stolička Ondřej
Published: January 2022

Book review: Pavel Marek, Pernštejnské ženy: Marie Manrique de Lara a její dcery ve službách habsburské dynastie. Praha: Lidové Noviny 2018, 500 p. ISBN 978-80-7422-641-0.
The reasons of the implementation of the concept of smart villages in the European Union
Authors: Panciszko Barbara
Published: January 2022

The aim of this article is to identify the main challenges facing the rural areas in the European Union (EU) and to investigate whether implementation of the concept of smart villages makes it possible to face these challenges. These challenges are: depopulation, aging of the society, climate change, growing demand for food, environmental degradation, peripheralization or low income of rural populations, pandemic COVID-19. The first part describes the situation in rural areas, using statistical data from the reports of the European Commission and Eurostat. Then the roots of the concept of smart villages in the European Union were presented. Its six components have been identified: smart society, smart economy, smart agriculture, smart management, smart environment and smart associability. In the last part, it was checked whether the implementation of the concept of smart villages responds to the main challenges faced by rural areas.
Parliament–government–citizens. The place of the institution of direct democracy in the discussion on the shape of San Marino-European Union relations in the context of the referendum of 2013
Authors: Łukaszewski Marcin
Published: January 2022

The subject of the article is the issue of using the institutions of direct democracy in the process of shaping the directions of a very specific element of foreign policy – relations with the European Union, of which San Marino is not a member. While most of the referenda related to the European Union concern the accession of countries to this organization, the vote in 2013 was of a slightly different nature. Therefore, the author attempts to indicate how the use of the instruments of direct democracy by citizens, in a way in opposition to the institution of indirect democracy (parliament and its dependent government), can contribute to the decision-makers making political decisions desired by citizens, even in seemingly rather unusual (apart from the aforementioned accession referenda) for direct democracy, spheres as the directions of foreign policy.
L’agricoltura contadina fra istanze locali e globali
Authors: Strambi Giuliana
Published: January 2022

Il presente contributo ha per oggetto l’agricoltura cosiddetta contadina. Partendo dall’esame della proposta di legge “per la tutela e la valorizzazione dell’agricoltura contadina”, attualmente in discussione al Parlamento italiano, e in particolare della definizione di “azienda agricola contadina” e “agricoltore contadino”, si mettono in evidenza le istanze del movimento civile che sostiene il disegno di legge e il contesto internazionale in cui esse si sono sviluppate. In relazione a quest’ultimo aspetto, verranno esaminati gli elementi della Dichiarazione dell’ONU sui diritti dei contadini e delle altre persone che lavorano nelle aree rurali che verrebbero implementati nell’ordinamento italiano grazie al disegno di legge italiano. Il dibattito intorno all’agricoltura contadina offre, infatti, interessanti spunti di riflessione sul ruolo dell’agricoltura non industrializzata e di piccole dimensioni nel perseguire obiettivi di interesse globale come la food security e la lotta al cambiamento climatico e, più in generale, la sfida dello sviluppo sostenibile posta dall’ONU con l’Agenda 2030, ma anche sugli istituti tradizionali del diritto agrario italiano, quali quello dell’imprenditore agricolo e del coltivatore diretto.
Konstrukcja gospodarstwa rodzinnego na tle konstrukcji gospodarstwa rolnego w Kodeksie cywilnym i ustawie o kształtowaniu ustroju rolnego
Authors: Gała Paweł , Łobos-Kotowska Dorota , Stańko Marek
Published: January 2022

Celem rozważań jest określenie założeń prawno-konstytucyjnych i ekonomicznych konstrukcji prawnej gospodarstwa rodzinnego na tle konstrukcji gospodarstwa rolnego w Kodeksie cywilnym i ustawie z 11 kwietnia 2003 r. o kształtowaniu ustroju rolnego. W artykule wykazano, że przepis art. 23 Konstytucji RP stanowi jedynie deklarację ustrojową, rodzaj manifestu ideologicznego. Aby został uznany za normę kierunkową, ustawodawca zwykły powinien wypełnić go stosowną treścią. Niewystarczające jest w tym zakresie zdefiniowanie gospodarstwa rodzinnego na podstawie ograniczeń w obrocie nieruchomościami rolnymi w ustawie o kształtowaniu ustroju rolnego. Konieczne jest stworzenia nowoczesnej i odpowiadającym współczesnym wymogom konstrukcji takiego gospodarstwa. Kierunek tych zmian powinien być jednak przemyślany i uwzględniający politykę rolną państwa.
Synestezja a sztuka, red. Aleksandra Rogowska, Julia Kaleńska-Rodzaj
Authors: Chełkowska-Zacharewicz Maria
Published: January 2022

Tekst jest recenzją książki Synestezja a sztuka (red. Aleksandra Rogowska, Julia Kaleńska-Rodzaj).
Percepcja muzyki – słuchanie muzyki czy słuchanie dźwięków
Authors: Podlipniak Piotr
Published: January 2022

Listening to music is usually understood as perception of a stimulus of a particular kind which, however, does not differ in any special way from listening to other, non-musical sound stimuli. Numerous observations show, however, that the majority of musical stimuli is perceived in a particular manner, suggesting that alongside the cognitive strategies used in the perception of all kinds of sound stimuli, listening to music also activates music-specific cognitive mechanisms. On the other hand, a large section of musical artistic output of the Western culture in the twentieth century became an exceptional phenomenon, both in historical and geographical perspective, in that it abandoned the organisation of the sound structure of music on the basis of pitch-rhythm relationships. From the psychological perspective, this exceptionality consists above all in omitting, during the perceptual processing of this kind of music, of some of the perceptual cognitive structures characteristically involved in the perception of traditionally conceived melodic structures. For a full understanding of the ways of perceiving music it is thus necessary to apply contemporary knowledge of the specific features of the human cognitive system and its evolutionary sources. The aim of the article is to presenta number of various cognitive mechanisms of different evolutionary age which are involved in the perception of music, as well as an attempt to indicate their differentiated participation in the creation of the aesthetic experience of different kinds of music.
Gra kompozytora z percepcją słuchacza na przykładzie twórczości Witolda Lutosławskiego
Authors: Zawadzka-Gołosz Anna
Published: January 2022

The title issue of this article is preceded by reflections on the problem of perception as such, taking into account the perspective of the author’s creative and pedagogical experiences. The examples of perception problems of music-educated students, especially as part of the process of developing the auditory intellect (hearing education), are the bases of the introduced hypotheses and attempts to diagnose the problem. One of the theses in this article is that the consciousness and knowledge of the mechanisms of perceptual hearing (both its possibilities and limitations) should accompany the creator of the musical creation. There is also an attempt to answer the question who the composer and who their listener is today. The distinction between the “composing creator” and the “creating creator” is emphasized. Attention is drawn to the problems of the perception of a contemporary work; listeners’ habits, resulting from knowledge limitation and lack of development of the so called “cognitive attention”, limit the acceptance of new aesthetic and technical attitudes. The “perception shock” caused by the inflow of unknown information does not allow the strategy to organize the visual or auditory scene into a logical whole. The emergence of new sound qualities and their new aesthetic categorization (melodies of colors, melodies of textures, harmonies of colors, etc., and a new approach to time and space) in the 20th and 21st century music, requires “guiding the listener on the new sound stage” and opening them to appropriate perceptual strategies.Witold Lutosławski’s work – in the context of his philosophy of creation, becomes a unique example of inviting the listener to the perception game, which is based, above all, on the composer’s desire to meet his audience in a deep aesthetic experience.
Crop-livestock integration practices, knowledge, and attitudes among smallholder farmers: Hedging against climate change-induced shocks in semi-arid Zimbabwe
Authors: Musara Joseph P. , Tibugari Handsen , Moyo Busani , Mutizira Chinomukutu
Published: January 2022

Domestic and international crops and livestock trade remain fragile among Zimbabwean smallholder farmers. Commercial crop-livestock integration in climate change vulnerable areas is low and sparsely documented. Practice, knowledge, and attitude indicators influencing participation of smallholder farmers in crop-livestock integrated platforms as a hedge against climate change-induced risks and uncertainties were assessed. A survey with 240 farmers in Insiza district, Matabeleland province, Zimbabwe was conducted. A modified knowledge, attitude, and perception framework was used to analyze data from six wards supported by World Vision through supplementary livelihood programs on crop-livestock integration. Conventional crop-livestock (63%), mixed crops-livestock (25%), and traditional grains-livestock (12%) options were dominant. There was a thin presence of stakeholders with a limited number of local buyers, contracting companies, and agro-dealers who participate on these platforms. Farmers have the knowledge, positive attitude, and motivated perceptions about the potential of traditional grains-livestock mechanisms to reduce climate change welfare compromising factors. Unbalanced policies, limited financing, and uncompetitive marketing channels limit the uptake of this option. Traditional grains-livestock alternatives should be supported in semi-arid environments to reduce food, income, and nutrition insecurity. Public-private partnerships should establish value addition systems to increase the market size of traditional grains-livestock products and enhance commercialization.
Neolithic Long Barrows and Enclosures as Landmarks of Ritual Landscape of Central and North Bohemia
Authors: Turek Jan
Published: January 2022

Based on reconstruction of the spatial context of causewayed enclosures and long barrows of the Proto- and Early Eneolithic period, we attempt to model the phenomenon of the ritual landscape in Central and North Bohemia. Discussing the purpose and meaning of the long barrows and enclosures, they are being described as funerary and religious structures related to the cult of ancestors. An alternative explanation views them primarily, in economic terms, as territorial markers delineating the areas controlled by different communities. It seems likely that both of these interpretations are valid and well characterise the true nature of such structures. Both types of monuments should not be perceived as isolated structures, but just the opposite as they are part of a pattern of regional and super-regional identity of communities and individuals. In fact, they are crucial elements of the overall system of structuring of the prehistoric landscape.
Application of radiation grafted waste polypropylene fabric for the effective removal of Cu (II) and Cr (III) ions
Authors: Nabul Sardar Md. , Rahman Nazia , Sultana Shahnaz , Dafader Nirmal Chandra
Published: January 2022

This study focuses on the adsorption of hazardous Cr (III) and Cu (II) ions from aqueous solution by applying modified waste polypropylene (PP) fabric as an adsorbent. Pre-irradiation technique was performed for grafting of sodium styrene sulfonate (SSS) and acrylic acid (AAc) onto the PP fabric. The monomer containing 8% SSS and 16% AAc in water was used. Graft yield at 30 kGy radiation dose was 390% when 4% NaCl was added as additive. The prepared adsorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). The influences of different parameters including pH, contact time, temperature and initial metal ion concentration were also investigated. The equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted to the Langmuir isotherm model with maximum monolayer adsorption capacity 384.62 mg/g for Cr (III) and 188.68 mg/g for Cu (II) ions. The kinetic data were better explained by pseudo first-order kinetic model having good matching between the experimental and theoretical adsorption capacity. The adsorption process was spontaneous, endothermic and thermodynamically feasible. Furthermore, investigation of desorption of metal ions and reuse of the adsorbent suggesting that the adsorbent is an efficient and alternative material in the removal of Cr (III) and Cu (II) from aqueous media.
Goldobjekte und Goldgruppen – Untersuchungen und Analysen zum latènezeitlichen Goldfingerring von Nackenheim, Lkr. Mainz-Bingen
Authors: Fürst Sebastian , Schönfelder Martin , Lockhoff Nicole
Published: January 2022

Ein einfacher Goldfingerring mit Schlaufenzier von Nackenheim (Lkr. Mainz-Bingen) ohne bekannten Fundkontext wird anhand typologischer und materialanalytischer Parallelen chronologisch näher eingeordnet. Dabei wird deutlich, dass es sich um eine schlichte und daher langlebige Form handelt, die im Raum zwischen Hessen und dem Schweizer Mittelland anzutreffen ist und in ähnlicher Form noch bis in die Spätlatènezeit reicht. Archäometrische Analysen ordnen das Stück in eine Gruppe mit relativ hohem Silber- und Kupfergehalt ein, wie es eigentlich erst als „gestrecktes Münzgold“ ab der Mittellatènezeit üblich wird. Ein Vergleich der Spurenelementmuster, speziell der Platin-Palladium-Verhältnisse, weist darauf hin, dass ein Rohmaterial für seine Herstellung zum Einsatz kam, welches regional bereits ab der Stufe Lt A im nördlichen Oberrheingebiet verwendet wird. Da auch die Mehrheit der stilistischen Parallelen in die Frühlatènezeit (insbesondere Lt B) datiert, spricht Vieles für eine Datierung des Rings in diese Zeitstufe.
Arbeiterwiderstand, faschistische Repression und internationale Solidarität
Authors: Mork Manuel
Published: January 2022

Die italienische Kleinstadt Molinella rückte nach der Machtübernahme Mussolinis im Oktober 1922 wiederholt in den Fokus der nationalen und europäischen Öffentlichkeit, da sich die dortigen Landarbeiter besonders resolut gegen den Gleichschaltungsdruck des faschistischen Regimes zur Wehr setzten. Auf diese Weise erlangte Molinella einen doppelten Symbolcharakter: aus Sicht des Regimes als roter Schandfleck, aus der Perspektive der Sozialisten als Lichtblick. Den Arbeiterfamilien sollte die geballte Aufmerksamkeit letztlich zum Verhängnis werden, führte sie doch dazu, dass die Faschisten Ende 1926 zur Deportation der verbliebenen Sozialisten übergingen. Die Sozialistische Arbeiterinternationale bemühte sich darum, diese Repressionsmaßnahmen bekannt zu machen, die, wie Manuel Mork darlegt, Aufschluss über die Natur des italienischen Faschismus geben.
Neue Quellen der Beratungsforschung: Marvin Bowers Perspective on McKinsey
Authors: Marktanner Alina
Published: January 2022

Nicht der Firmengründer und Namensgeber James O. McKinsey machte McKinsey & Company zum weltweit umsatzstärksten Beratungsunternehmen. Es war sein Nachfolger Marvin Bower, der eher im Verborgenen wirkte, aber bis in die letzten Dekaden des 20. Jahrhunderts wegweisend für die Entwicklung der Firma bleiben sollte. Alina Marktanner hat ein seltenes Dokument aus Bowers Feder ausgewertet und zeigt: Die streng gehütete „Firmenbibel“ von 1979 ist zu lesen als Intervention zu einer Zeit, in der die US-amerikanische Beratungsbranche vorübergehend Schwäche zeigte. Nicht nur potentielle Klientinnen und Klienten wollten von der Unternehmensberatung als Dienstleistung überzeugt werden. McKinsey & Company musste auch die eigenen Beraterinnen und Berater an sich binden.