bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peran PAK Dalam Membangun Karakter Remaja Sekolah Menengah Pertama
Authors: Lahagu Ardianto
Published: July 2020

Kejadian yang menimpa remaja akhir-akhir ini cenderung mengarah kepada kasus kriminalitas seperti tawuran, bullying atau begal. Hal-hal itu merupakan gambaran betapa merosotnya moral remaja sehingga pendidikan karakter dirasa perlu. Penanaman karakter perlu diintegrasikan dalam pendidikan formal, sehingga akan didapatkan nilai-nilai kebaikan pada diri peserta didik sejak dini. Sekolah adalah tempat pendidikan, dimana anak didik diarahkan untuk bertindak atau memiliki wawasan pengetahuan (bersifat normatif). Pembelajaran lebih kompleks lagi karena mengarah kepada tujuan akhirnya yakni seseorang dapat bertingkah laku atau memiliki kepribadian yang lebih baik (bersifat operasional). Sebenarnya pendidikan moral dan karakter tidak terpisahkan dari pembentukan kerohanian yang merupakan kesatuan dalam materi ajar Pendidikan Agama Kristen. Sekolah menengah yang di dalam kurikulumnya terdapat Pendidikan Agama Kristen, dalam segala proses belajar mengajar yang terencana ataupun tersembunyi, harus mampu mengembangkan sikap dan membentuk nilai-nilai watak dan karakter yang baik. Membangun karakter berarti membangun suatu pola dari sikap yang hendak didemonstrasikan dalam hubungan dengan sesama. Sikap yang didemonstrasikan itu merupakan ciri khas moral Kristen, sehingga sekolah dengan jelas dapat mendefinisikan hasil pendidikan yang berhasil. Suatu kurikulum bersifat Bible Added tidaklah cukup untuk membentuk karakter siswa. Pembentukan karakter harus ditekankan secara hati-hati dan diaktualisasikan dalam kehidupan siswa setiap harinya.
Pembunuhan Terhadap Anak Oleh Ayah Kandung
Authors: HIDAYATULLAH NURUL
Published: July 2020

Pembunuhan yang merupakan suatu tindakan atau perbuatan yang menghilankan nyawa seseorang dengan cara melanggar hukum ataupun tidak melawan hokum. Adapun yang alasan seseorang membunuh, atau motif melatar belakangi pembunuhan terjadi bermacam macam, misalnya dendam, sakit hati, politik, kecemburuan atau keirian, membela diri dan sebagainya. Dalam islam sendiri, yang menghalangi pelaksanaan qishash adalah bila korban adalah merupakan bagian dari pelaku, yakni ayahnya. Akan tetapi jika seorang anak membunuh ayah atau ibunya maka tetap dikenai qishash, sesuai dengan prinsip umum. Alasan yang dikemukakan ulama sehubungan dengan kasus ini adalah karena ayah mencintai anaknya, semata mata ia adalah anaknya, bukan dirinya. Mereka menghendaki agar anak anak mereka hidup. Pendapat ini dipegang oleh imam abu hanifa, imam syafii dan imam ahmad. Imam malik berbeda pendapat dengan ketida imam diatas ia berpendapay bahwa orang tua dapat dikhisas karena membunuh anaknya, keculi bisa maksud orang tua tadinya bukan membunuh, melainkan untuk memberi pelajaran, namum menyebabkan kematian. Dalam kasus ini, orang tua tidak dapat dijatuhi hukuman mati, tetapi kepada hukuman yang lain, yakni diyat mughallazah (diyat yang diperberat)
Quantitative streamlines tractography: methods and inter-subject normalisation
Authors: Smith Robert , Raffelt David , Tournier Jacques-Donald , Connelly Alan
Published: July 2020

Recent developments in semi-global tractogram optimisation algorithms have opened the field of diffusion MRI to the possibility of performing quantitative assessment of structural fibre connectivity. The proper application of these methods in neuroscience research has however been limited by a lack of awareness, understanding, or appreciation for the consequences of these methods; furthermore, particular steps necessary to use these tools in an appropriate manner to fully exploit their quantitative properties have not yet been described. This article therefore serves three purposes: to increase awareness of the fact that there are existing tools that attempt to address the well-known non-quantitative nature of streamlines counts; to illustrate why these algorithms work the way they do to give quantitative results; and to explain how to properly utilise these results for quantitative tractography analysis across subjects.
Natural driving force
Authors: zhu ruiyu
Published: July 2020

We seem to be able to think about everything and imagine everything. However, we are just a higher form of natural evolution and cannot escape the shackles of nature. Our world is moving and changing. We inevitably feel that a force beyond our control drives everything and pushes everything forward. This artical discusses the natural driving force hidden in the objective world and the human body. There are five basic points: 1) Natural driving forces are everywhere and control everything; 2) the natural driving force from the inside out; 3) expectations about the outcome of human-related matters, determine the choice of cause; 4) the natural driving force for society moves from individual to society and therefore only a full realization of everyone's life will produce a better society; and, 5) the foundation of life's growth is to face reality and pain by acknowledging the driving forces.
A sepsis gene expression signature in the whole blood.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: July 2020

Sepsis is a leading cause of mortality (1). We mined published and public microarray datasets (2, 3) to identify differentially expressed genes in the whole blood of patients with sepsis. We observed significant changes in the expression of 78 genes in patients with sepsis and septic shock. Differential expression of these genes was associated with the septic state (independent of infectious agent) and observed in children and adults. The identification of these genes may be useful in the understanding of the biology of sepsis; this gene signature, upon validation, could have clinical relevance as a diagnostic measure.
Hukum pidana islam dan hukum pidana positif tentang pembelaan diri dari suatu tindakan pidana pembunuhan
Authors: B. NUR ARIFAH
Published: July 2020

Salah satu bentuk tindakan yang mendapatkan penghapusan pidana ialah tindakan yang dilakukan oleh seseorang dalam rangka membela diri dari suatu ancaman yang bersifat darurat, namun tindakan pembelaan diri terkadang melampaui batas yang semestinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghetahui bagaimana perbandingan antara hukum pidana Islam dan hukum positif terhadap tindakan yang melampaui batas (noodweer exces) dalam membela diri dari tindak pidana pembunuhan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan studi kepustakaan (library research). Menurut hasil penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa pembelaan yang dilakukan melampaui batas (Noodweer exces), dalam hukum positif sebagaimana yang diatur dalam KUHP 49 ayat 2, ketika pembelaan diri yang melampaui batas dilakukan dalam kondisi terjadi “goncangan jiwa”, maka ini dapat dijadikan sebagai sebuah alasan pembenar atau pemaaf yang dapat menghapuskan pidana. Berbeda dengan hukum pidana Islam, seseorang harus bertanggung jawab terhadap perbuatan pembelaan yang melampaui batas dalam kondisi apapun.
Manajemen Modifikasi Kurikulum di Sekolah Inklusi SDN Pasar Lama 3 Banjarmasin
Authors: Husnul
Published: July 2020

Kurikulum yang digunakan Sekolah Dasar Negeri Pasar Lama 3 yang merupakan sekolah inklusi adalah Kurikulum 2013 (K13). Untuk siswa ABK telah diduplikasi dan dimodifikasi untuk penerapannya.. Metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana manajemen modifikasi kurikulum di Sekolah Inklusi SDN Pasar Lama 3. Hasil Penelitian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa manajemen guru dalam proses memodifikasi model kurikulum bisa dibilang cukup baik. Hal ini dikarenakan kurikulum untuk anak ABK tidak ada, mungkin karena sekolah inklusi, tetapi setidaknya ada PPI Pembelajaran bagi anak ABK. Dalam pembelajaran sendiri di SDN Pasar Lama 3 anak ABK mengikuti kurikulum regular dari tujuan, isi/materi, dan proses pembalajaran, hanya pada evaluasi yaitu soal ujian diturunkan menjadi C1.Kata Kunci: Manajemen, modifikasi, kurikulum, inklusi
KAJIAN TEOLOGIS KEPEMIMPINAN MUSA
Authors: Simanjuntak Irfan Feriando , Sianipar Ronald
Published: July 2020

Pemimpin yang baik adalah pemimpin yang mempunyai kemampuan untuk mempengaruhi orang lain untuk mengikutinya. Pemimpin yang baik juga benar adalah pemimpin yang datang dari Tuhan atau pemimpin yang dipilih oleh Tuhan. Sama halnya dengan pemimpin Kristen. Seorang pemimpin Kristen adalah seorang yang memiliki kesadaran bahwa hanya Yesuslah Pribadi Pemimpin yang benar, dapat membuat pemimpin Kristen berhasil menghadapi tekanan dan kesulitan. bagaimana sikap pemimpin dalam menghadapi kesulitan dan tekanan, sesuai dengan sudut pandang Alkitab. Seorang pemimpin Kristen dituntut tidak hanya bisa memandang positif setiap kesulitan yang ada, menghindari ketegangan, mengontrol amarah, namun setiap pemimpin juga diharapkan memiliki kesabaran, mengasihi tiap-tiap orang yang dipimpin, mengusahakan persahabatan, dan dapat meneladani Yesus Kristus. Musa adalah salah seorang pemimpin besar dalam Perjanjian Lama. Sepak terjangnya dalam dunia kepemimpinan diperolehnya dari setiap pengalaman hidup yang menuntutnya untuk selalu belajar. Pengalaman hidup Musa menjadi alat Tuhan untuk membentuk dan menyatakan rencana-Nya kepada Musa, bahwa Ia bermaksud menjadikan Musa seorang pemimpin besar yang mengantarkan bangsa Israel keluar dari tanah perbudakan. Allah memilih Musa menjadi pemimpin bukan hanya karena kecakapannya; Allah juga bermaksud memperlengkapi Musa dengan semangat tidak mudah menyerah, syarat penting yang dibutuhkan oleh setiap pemimpin besar.
Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam dan Hukum Pidana Positif Terhadap Hukuman Perzinahan
Authors: Basri Rusniasari
Published: July 2020

Perzinahan merupakan penyakit masyarakat yang banyak menjangkiti remaja-remaja di Indonesia. Suatu ironi bagi sebuah negara yang berpenduduk muslim terbesar di dunia, akan tetap banyak penelitian yang menunjuk- kan bahwa perzinahan dalam rentang usia muda telah menunjukkan angka yang memperihatinkan di negeri ini. Prob- lematika instrumen hukum disinyalir menjadi penyebab lemahnya efek jera bagi pelaku delik perzinahan, di sisi lain kekosongan hukum bagi pelaku perzinahan dari kalangan remaja turut menjadi persoalan yang perlu dicarikan jalan keluarnya. Dalam KUHP hubungan seksual antara pasangan muda-mudi tidak dikategorikan sebagai perbuatan zina, karena mereka tidak sedang berada dalam ikatan perkawinan yang sah. KUHP juga tidak menjerat pelaku zina yang tidak tunduk pada pasal 27 BW meskipun sedang berada dalam ikatan perkawinan yang sah. Selain itu jika suami atau isteri pelaku zina memberikan izin kepada pasangannya untuk berbuat zina, maka pasal 284 tidak dapat menjeratnya. Sementara dalam pandangan Hukum Islam, setiap hubungan seksual di luar ikatan perkawinan yang sah dikategorikan sebagai perbuatan zina.
Menyikapi Tantangan dan Harapan Pendidikan Agama Kristen Dalam Masyarakat Majemuk
Authors: Lahagu Ardianto
Published: July 2020

Manusia merupakan bagian dari masyarakat yang dituntut untuk selalu melakukan interaksi antara satu sama lainnya dalam hal pemenuhan kebutuhannya sebagai makhluk sosialmanusia merupakan bagian dari masyarakat yang dituntut untuk selalu melakukan interaksi antara satu sama lainnya dalam hal pemenuhan kebutuhannya sebagai makhluk sosial. Manusia dalam menjalankan kehidupannya akan membentuk suatu ikatan terkecil yang disebut keluarga. Menerapkan Pendidikan Agama Kristen di dalam keluarga, di sekolah, dan masyarakat sangatlah penting, tujuannya adalah agar terwujudnya keluarga terlebih-lebih masyarakat yang damai dan sejahtera dan tentram. Dalam realita kehidupan masyarakat masih banyak persoalan yang muncul dengan berbagai konflik yang terjadi yang seringkali dikaitkan dengan masalah suku, ras dan agama khususnya. Kehadiran Pendidikan agama Kristen di tengah-tengah masyarakat, khususnya yang majemuk adalah untuk melaksanakan amanat agung sebagaimana dalam Firman Allah. PAK bertujuan untuk dapat mewujudkan tujuan pendidikan nasional melalui peserta didik. Kehadiran PAK juga dapat menjadi alat pembentuk dan pemersatu bangsa di tengah masyarakat majemuk yang berbeda agama, suku, ras, golongan, dsb. Selain itu, kehadiran PAK dapat berperan serta untuk meningkatkan kualitas masyarakat Indonesia. Pendidikan Agama Kristen harus terus-menerus berkembang seiring dengan kemajuan zaman; memampukan manusia agar sadar terhadap keperbedaan dan keberagaman, mampu hidup bertoleransi, sadar terhadap iptek, kreatif, inovatif, serta memiliki solidaritas tinggi; peka terhadap konteks pendidikan nasional, pergumulan bangsa dan menjawab kebutuhan orang percaya.
Active reconstruction of the spiritual world
Authors: zhu ruiyu
Published: July 2020

The spiritual world is constrained passively by primitive urges. Similar to an uncultivated wasteland, it will necessarily breed messy plants. Most of the time we are imprisoned by the social environment, a narrow understanding of ourselves, and our own desires. This makes it difficult for life itself to truly shine and enjoy authentic vitality. People are the foundation of society. The fact that individuals are unable to rebuild the spiritual world makes it difficult for human society to achieve true growth. It is difficult for people to obtain real happiness and it is difficult for the rulers to achieve their long-cherished wishes. This article first presents an argument for why reconstruction is needed, accompanied by a proposal that faith is the basis for reconstruction. Additionally, I propose the concept of the Objective Belief of Nature. The crucial component of this belief is the need to pay less attention to ourselves and use love together with the laws of nature to promote the beautiful development of society. The purpose is to make people truly love themselves, so that they may enjoy vitality in their lives and achieve happiness (in the passive sense of happiness). Similarly, society has vitality because of the blossoming of everyone's life. Likewise, a society filled with vitality further promotes the blooming of everyone's life. Such a belief provides ideological and theoretical support for humankind's further development. The Objective Belief of Nature mainly emphasizes a belief; it does not reject or privilege any given form.
The Types Of Invective Wakatobi Language Kaledupa Dialect
Authors: Susiati Susiati
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study aims to describe the inverse type of Wakatobi Kaledupa dialect. This research is a qualitative research. Data were collected using observation methods with moderate participatory observation techniques, recording techniques, and note taking techniques. Data were analyzed descriptively according to Wijana's.The results showed that there were fifteen types of Wakatobi language dialects in the dialect, namely (1) invective related to religion / belief; (2) invective related to unseen; (3) invective related to sex; (4) invective relating to parts of the body; (5) invective relating to bodily functions; (6) invective relating to body shape; (7) synonym for the word stupid; (8) invective relating to the name of the animal; (9) invective relating to the name of an ignorant person; (10) invective related to kinship; (11) invective relating to low professions; (12) invective related to ethnicity; (13) invective relating to the origin of remote areas; (14) invective relating to abstract objects; (15) invective related to a disease that affects the subject. Various types of invective are found in linguistic devices such as words, phrases, and grammatical forms.
Predicting takeover response to silent automated vehicle failures
Authors: Mole Callum , Pekkanen Jami , Sheppard William , Louw Tyron , Romano Richard , Merat Natasha , Markkula Gustav , Wilkie Richard
Published: July 2020

It remains a huge challenge to create Automated Vehicles (AVs) that are able to respond safely in all possible circumstances. Silent failures will occur when an AV fails to keep within the safety envelope and does not detect this failure or alert the human driver. To ensure AV safety, it is crucial to have a better understanding of human capabilities responding to silent failures. A highly controlled experiment was conducted to test drivers detecting and steering in response to a range of lane keeping failures of automation, using Time-to-Lane-Crossing (TLC) as the primary performance metric. Bayesian hierarchical modelling was used to construct predictive models that showed drivers responded more slowly (and less consistently) during less critical failures (for each 1 s increase in TLC at failure there was a 0.36 s increase in TLC at takeover). A manipulation that increased cognitive load impaired driver performance further (TLC at takeover decreased by 0.1 s and variability increased by 10\%). Steering response magnitudes scaled according to TLC at takeover, but increased cognitive load dampened steering. Whilst these results demonstrate increased risk caused by additional cognitive load, the magnitude of the effect was fairly small compared to the within and between participant variability. Modelling this variability allowed simulations of hypothetical silent failures to be run based on different road conditions (varied curvature, width and speed) and various delays in response times. This modelling suggests that a high proportion of silent failures would result in unsafe transitions of control from AV to a human driver.
Children use inverse planning to detect social transmission in design of artifacts
Authors: Pesowski Madison Leigh , Quy Alyssa , Lee Michelle , Schachner Adena
Published: July 2020

Do children use objects to infer the people and actions that created them? We ask how children judge whether designs were socially transmitted (copied), asking if children use a simple perceptual heuristic (more similar = more likely copied), or make a rational, flexible inference (Bayesian inverse planning). We found evidence that children use inverse planning to reason about artifacts’ designs: When children saw two identical designs, they did not always infer copying occurred. Instead, similarity was weaker evidence of copying when an alternative explanation ‘explained away’ the similarity. Thus, children inferred copying had occurred less often when designs were efficient (Exp1, age 7-9; N=52), and when there was a constraint that limited the number of possible designs (Exp2, age 4-5; N=160). When thinking about artifacts, young children go beyond perceptual features and use a process like inverse planning to reason about the generative processes involved in design.
New Cognitive and Cultural Evolutionary Approaches on Atheism
Authors: Coleman Thomas Joseph , Messick Kyle J. , van Mulukom Valerie
Published: July 2020

This chapter reviews and extends current evolutionary perspectives on atheism.
TINGKAT MANAJEMEN LABA PADA BERBAGAI TAHAP SIKLUS HIDUP PERUSAHAAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Hartono Amelia , Hadyan Muhammad , Rinaningsih Rinaningsih , Yuliati Retno
Published: July 2020

This research is conducted to examine the differences in earnings management level at various company life cycle stages in Indonesia, especially for public companies which listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2002 to 2016. This research uses a sample of 4,400 observational data which obtained by purposive sampling from Capital IQ. To determine the stage of the company life cycle, this research uses Dickinson's (2011) model criteria by dividing the company life cycle into five stages: introduction, growth, mature, shake-out, and decline. This research is tested with the ANOVA model and proves that there is a significant difference in the level of earnings management in the decline, introduction, and shake-out companies compared to the growth stage. However, the results of this study proves that the value of earnings management in growth and mature stage companies are not significantly difference.
IMPROVEMENT OF PHYSICS ACTIVITIES AND LEARNING OUTCOMES THROUGH NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER COOPERATIVE LEARNING IN CLASS XI MIPA3 SMA 2 TEMBILAHAN
Authors: Yasni Yasni
Published: July 2020

The quality of learning in the classroom is stated to be good if the learning objectives are achieved which is marked by increased student activity and learning outcomes. For that, we need alternative learning strategies that are more effective and efficient, one of which is to use the cooperative learning model type Numbered Heads Together (NHT). This study aims to improve the activity and learning outcomes of physics on wave material through the application of the NHT learning model. The research subjects were students of class XI MIPA3 of SMA Negeri 2 Tembilahan. This research is a classroom action research conducted in 2 cycles. Data collection instruments used were activity observation sheets and written tests of learning outcomes in the form of daily tests with data collection techniques in the form of observations and giving the test. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis to determine the extent of increased student activity and learning outcomes by applying the NHT learning model. The results of data analysis obtained an increase in student learning activities in the first cycle from 29.60% increased to 66.40% in the second cycle with a very good category. Improved learning outcomes from 12 students completed with a percentage of 48.00% in the first cycle, to 19 students who completed the second cycle with a percentage of 76.00%. Thus it can be concluded that the use of the NHT learning model can improve the activities and physics learning outcomes of students of class XI MIPA3 in SMA Negeri 2 Tembilahan on wave material.
DIFFICULTY ANALYSIS OF PHYSICS STUDENTS IN LEARNING ONLINE DURING PANDEMIC COVID-19
Authors: Fauza Naila , Ernidawati Ernidawati , Syaflita Dina
Published: July 2020

COVID-19 attacked Wuhan city in December 2019 where the number of cases increased rapidly, but the clinical information of infected patients was limited. One of the negative effects related is the education sector. COVID-19 also changed the learning model drastically, all learning activities were carried out online. This causes students difficulties in learning. The purpose of the research was to analyze the difficulty factors of physics education students in distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This type of research is descriptive research. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire. Research subjects were 80 students from Physics education at FKIP Riau University. The results of research online learning difficulties come from two factors, namely external and internal factors. External factors include non-current internet networks and very many student assignments. Internal factors related to students' learning difficulties, students generally have difficulty communicating and discussing both fellow students and with lecturers, misconceptions occur, difficulties in summarizing the material, and eye discomfort due to cellphone and laptop radiation.
MISCONCEPTION IDENTIFICATION USING THE CERTAINTY OF RESPONSE INDEX METHOD IN GAS KINETIC THEORY MATERIAL IN CLASS XI SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Siti Romadona Nisa , Nur Aulia Wanda Siti , Lestari Suci Rizki , Nana Nana
Published: July 2020

This research aims to identify class XI MIPA1 senior high school students, who experience misconceptions on the kinetic theory of gas. The method used to determine students who experience misconceptions is the Certainty Response Index (IRK) method. This method has four indexes in identifying students' mastery of concepts, namely lucky guess (LG), not knowing concept (NKC/TTK), knowing concept (KC/TK), and misconception (M). The subjects of the study were senior high school students in class XI MIPA1 in Tasik Malaya. The research instrument used was a kinetic theory of gas test equipped with an IRK scale assessment instrument. This research is a quantitative descriptive research that can determine weaknesses in understanding students' physics concepts with the IRK method. The results of data analysis using IRK revealed that students who experienced lucky guess (LG) were 9.0%, students who knew the concept (TK) were 35.2%, students who lacked knowledge or did not know the concept (TTK) were 21.9%, and students experiencing misconceptions (M) of 33.8%. Based on the sub-topic analysis, the level of misconception the results are also in the high category. Thus it was concluded that through the IRK method it was identified that most students were still experiencing misconceptions, did not know the concepts, and were lucky guessed in understanding the kinetic theory of gas in the class XI MIPA1 of senior high school in Tasik Malaya.
INTERPRETASI KONDISIAIR BAWAH TANAH STUDI KASUS DI KECAMATAN TENAYAN RAYA KOTA PEKANBARU DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE PUMPING TEST
Authors: Rakhmat Awaludin , Muhammad Juandi , Malik Usman
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the research on the potential of underground water in ring wells in the District of Tenayan Raya Pekanbaru City using the experimental method of pumping test is to determine the potential of underground water, and determine the value of transmissivity so that it can be known the feasibility of well water for surrounding communities. Data was taken on 30 ring wells in Tenayan Raya District, Pekanbaru City. The results obtained are wells that have the lowest potential for underground water in Kadiran Street, Kulim Village with a value of drawdown is 2.1610 m. Wherea the highest potential as good underground water is in the well at Gunung Kidul Street, Tangkerang Timur Village with value of drawdown is 2.0407 m. This ring well has the potential of underground water which is likely to provide water for a long time. The transmissivity obtained from the 30 ring wells is 10.7684 m2 / day. This value shows good groundwater quality and has the potential to meet the needs of residential areas.
PENENTUAN DENSITAS PLASMA HIDROGEN NONTERMAL PADA TEKANAN RENDAH
Authors: Ipkawati Nelda , Saktioto Saktioto , Saktioto Saktioto
Published: July 2020

Before producing hydrogen plasma low pressure in experiment, it is necessary to know the density equilibrium process through a simulation. Hydrogen species densities of non-thermal plasma at low pressure is simulated using chemical kinetik model by Runge Kutta method. This simulation carried out to determine the equilibrium process of densities and reaction rates of hydrogen species in achieving equilibrium conditions. The equation used time-dependent continuity equation and Arrhenius form. The hydrogen species consist of electrons, H, H2, H+ and H2+. The results of show that electron density, H, H2, H+ and H2+ are respectively 1020,23m-3, 1019,69m-3, 1019,91m-3, 1019,39m-3 and 1018,43m-3 during of 23-24 ns. These describe that the density of each species of hydrogen very fast to achieve equilibrium conditions, while the value of the reaction rate obtained can be concluded that the value of the largest reaction rate is the impact ionization process with a value of 9.86x1052m-3 s-1and the smallest one is dissociation process with a value of 1.22x10-5m-3 s-1.
VISUALISASI KONTRAS SPEKEL MENGGUNAKAN PROGRAM SCIKIT IMAGE DAN PULSA DETAK JANTUNG BERBASIS ARDUINO UNO PADA TIKUS PUTIH YANG DIINDUKSIKAN ALOKSAN
Authors: Zulkarnain Zulkarnain , Melati Nur
Published: July 2020

Speckle contrast visualization and heart rate pulses on rats induced with alloxan were successfully carried out. This research aims to visualize speckle contrast measurements using the Scikitimage program and analyze the relationship between speckle contraston rats to blood sugar levels and also to determine the effect of alloxan induced on heart rate frequency in rats. This study obtained speckle pattern image data from rats induced by alloxan with variations in concentrations of 35%, 55% and without alloxan for 12 days of treatment. The sample used were3 to 5 months old. The method conducted in speckle contrast visualization was using blob detection with Laplacian of Gaussian algorithm to obtain speckle contrast values while the visualization of heart rate pulse based on Arduino Uno was done using the Integrated Development Environment (IDE) program. The results obtained from image processing using the Scikitimage program show that the contrast value could achieved decreasing with increasing blood sugar levels and the results obtained for detection of heart rate was the greater the blood sugar level the greater the heart rate (beat per minute) measured.
FABRIKASI SENSOR SERAT OPTIK PLASTIK UNTUK DETEKSI ION LOGAM MERKURI DALAM AIR
Authors: Vaeruza Ida , Kurniansyah Kukuh Eka , Darma Faqih , Yulianti Ian
Published: July 2020

The presence of mercury ions is a serious threat to human health and environment. Water consumption containing mercury is very dangerous for human healt. The purpose of this work is to design a heavy metal sensor  ion using plastic optical fiber to detect mercury ions in water. The sensor was fabricated by coating the optical fiber by chitosan through dip-coating technique. There are three diameter of optical fiber sensor that was fabricated, which are 1087.64 μm (sensor A), 1691.64 μm (sensor B) and  1736.33 μm (sensor C). Sensor characterization was done by connected the tip of plastic optical fiber to an LED and the other tip was connected to a photodioda. The results show that sensitivity of sample A is 0.32 mA/ppm, sample B is 0.56 mA/ppm and sample C is 0.64 mA/ppm. In terms of respone time, it is shown that  thr respon time for sensor A, B and C are 22 s, 42.5 s and 86 s respectively.
PENYERAPAN LOGAM BERAT Pb DAN Cu MENGGUNAKAN KARBON AKTIF BERBASIS MAHKOTA NANAS DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI KALIUM HIDROKSIDA
Authors: Putri Meylia Susiana Dewi , Awitdrus Awitdrus , Manullang Rita Kartini
Published: July 2020

This study aims to determine the influence of concentration of potassium hydroxide (KOH) on the adsorption of Pb2+ and Cu2+ metal ions in industrial used water. The activated carbon was prepared from pineapple crown waste. Pineapple crown was pre-carbonized at 180oC for 1 hours. Chemical activation was done using KOH with variations in concentrations of 2, 3, and 4 M. The samples were irradiated by using a microwave at 630 Watt of output power for 15 minutes. KOH activation and microwave irradiation power were influenced to the physical properties of the samples. Activated carbon obtained were characterized using SEM, EDX, FTIR and AAS. The results showed that highest adsorption were obtained from activated carbon that was activated by KOH 2 M. Adsorption efficiency for Pb2+ and Cu2+ metals were 81.15% and 49.71%, respectively. The carbon chain structure shows the functional groups C-H, C≡C, O-H, C=C at wavenumber 2889.49 cm-1, 2360.97 cm-1, 2339.97 cm-1.
ANALISA POTENSI AKUIFER DI KECAMATAN RUMBAI PESISIR KOTA PEKANBARU DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE GEOLISTRIK ATURAN SCHLUMBERGER
Authors: Listianto Miftakhudin , Syech Riad
Published: July 2020

The analysis of aquifer potential has been done in the Rumbai Pesisir District of Pekanbaru City by using the Schlumberger configuration geoelectric method. Data was taken from four villages in Rumbai Pesisir Subdistrict, in Lembah Damai, Limbungan, Limbungan Baru and Meranti Pandak. The result obtained using progress software showed that each location has aquifer with different layer and thickness. The highest aquifer resistivity is located in Lembah Damai Village with a resistivity value of 549.50 Ωm in the third layer, while aquifer with the lowest resistivity value is located in Meranti Pandak Village with a resistivity value of 15.69 Ωm in the third layer. The highest thickness aquifer located in Meranti Pandak Village with a thickness of 48.47 m in the third layer, while the lowest thickness aquifer located in Limbungan Baru Village with a thickness of 11.51 m in the second layer. The Result from lithology of each path shows that flow pattern of water flowing from Lembah Damai Village to Limbungan Village, then Meranti Pandak Village and then Limbungan Baru Village. The results of the analysis of aquifers potential indicate that underground water reserves in the Rumbai Pesisir District of Pekanbaru City are 17.13 x 109 m³.
The Effect of Shift Fluctuations on Sleep Quality among Nurses Working in the Emergency Room in Amman, Jordan
Authors: Suleiman Khaled , Al-Khaleeb Tarek , Al-Kaladeh Mahmoud , Sharour Loai Abu
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Sleep Quality disturbances are common among nurses especially those working in stressful situations such as emergency room. Additionally, sleep quality disturbances were found to interfere with nurses’ quality of life and work performance. No studies have found the effect of fluctuated shifts on sleep quality among nurses.

Objectives: To examine the impact of shift fluctuations on sleep quality among nurses working in the emergency room.

Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive design was employed. Five emergency rooms were selected from public and private hospitals located in Amman, Jordan. The selected hospitals were also referral sites with capacity of more than 200 beds. A convenient sample of nurses who had a minimum of six months experience in the emergency room and working on rotating shifts were eligible for participation. Nurses with known chronic respiratory problems and sleep apnea were excluded. A self-administered questionnaire including a demographic and work-related questions, and the Arabic version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were provided. Shift fluctuations were clustered based on interchanging between morning, evening and night shifts.

Results: A total of 179 emergency nurses working in rotating shifts participated in the study. The majority of the nurses were poor sleepers. The study found no significant differences between different shifts interchange and sleep quality. However, interchange between morning and evening shift reported the highest sleep disturbance. Sleep quality was positively correlated with the length of experience, while negatively correlated with the age and the number of monthly shifts. Nurses who declared higher satisfaction and ability to work under pressure revealed better sleep quality.

Conclusion: Emergency room nurses showed poor sleep quality. While there was no specific shift interchange cluster inducing poor sleep quality, some demographical and work-related characteristics indicated their influence on sleep quality.
Pulmonary Function of Petrol filling Workers from West Bengal, India
Authors: Mandal Anindita , Mukherjee Nabamita
Published: July 2020

Background: There are many petrol filling stations in an urban and semi-urban area of Hooghly District of West Bengal and a large number of attendants work in these stations. They are constantly exposed to petrol vapour as well as motor vehicle fuel which might lead to respiratory problems in workers.

Objectives: To assess the pulmonary function of Petrol Filling Workers of West Bengal and to evaluate the effect of duration of exposure on those Parameters.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study design. Pulmonary function test was done among 52 Petrol filling workers and 20 office workers of college as well as students of those institutions of Hooghly district and nearby area of Kolkata by simple random sampling method. Pulmonary function parameters were assessed by digital expirograph (Spirovit SP1) and Wright’s Peak Flow Meter. A questionnaire was filled up by invigilator regarding years of exposure, respiratory abnormalities, smoking habit and any other diseases. All the study protocol was approved by the Human Ethical Committee of Raja Peary Mohan College and Serampore college

Results:-From the above survey, it was observed that respiratory volume and capacities significantly(p<0.05-0.001) decreased with an increase in years of exposure. Odds ratios of different respiratory diseases (OR ranges from 1.12-3.12) indicate the risk of developing a cough, phlegm, asthma, skin diseases among petrol filling workers.

Conclusion:- Safe threshold level of benzene VOC exposed in Petrol station is needed to protect the health of workers. Besides periodic health check-up, use of protective gadgets, improvement of technology and control strategies to reduce air emission of benzene  VOC is essential to protect the health of Petrol filling workers of West Bengal.
Peran Modal Sosial dalam Pengelolaan Badan Usaha Milik Desa Maju Bersama di Desa Sei Jawi-Jawi Kecamatan Sei Kepayang Barat Kabupaten Asahan
Authors: Zulpahmi Zulpahmi , Badaruddin Badaruddin , Humaizi Humaizi
Published: July 2020

BUMDes Maju Bersama is a government program to help the economy of the people of Sei Jawi-jawi Village and achieve community welfare so that the Sei Jawi-jawi people get a decent living. This study aims to determine the role of social capital which is a driving force in the management of the Joint Forward BUMDes in Sei Jawi-jawi Village, Sei Kepayang Barat District, Asahan Regency. Social capital plays an important role in strengthening village communities. BUMDes can advance together with social capital. BUMDes Maju Bersama was established as an effort to increase the economic development of rural communities and create independence for the people in Sei Jawi-jawi Village. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The location of the study was in Sei Jawi-jawi Village, Sei Kepayang Barat District, Asahan Regency. The object of this research is BUMDes Maju Bersama Sei Jawi-jawi Village. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the formation of BUMDes Maju Bersama was carried out in 3 (three) stages, namely the pre-village deliberations, village deliberations and post-village deliberations. So, this deliberation activity aims to determine what type of BUMDes will be formed in the hope that it will benefit the community. Social capital in the form of networks, norms and beliefs that play a role in the management of BUMDes Maju Bersama can be said to be not good enough even though BUMDes Maju Bersama is already operational and can contribute to the Village. This can be seen from the BUMDes Maju Bersama cooperation network that is still small, with collateral or collateral provided by BUMDes, the interest given by the management is too high, almost the same as the existing cooperatives and there is still public debt arrears. The informant's subjects from this study were the Village Head, Village Officials, BUMDes Maju Bersama Management, BUMDes Supervisor, parties who knew BUMDes and the Community who knew about BUMDes Maju Bersama.
Studi Desktiptif: Persepsi Mahasiswa Ilmu Forensik terhadap Konsep Cyberstalking
Authors: Bahrir Ainun Jaryah
Published: July 2020

Cyberstalking is behavior that leads to repeated invasion of one's privacy by electronic mail or computer-based communication with a view to controlling, coercing, intimidating, harassing, or threatening. The purpose of this study is to describe the understanding of forensic science students about the concept of cyberstalking; the object criteria of this study are forensic science students who are still active and have taken cybercrime courses. This research method uses descriptive quantitative. Subjects in this study were obtained through purposive sampling with a total of 36 students. The technique of collecting research data is by distributing closed questionnaires. Research data analysis technique is a descriptive analysis technique, describing data obtained using tables and graphs. The results of this study indicate that forensic science students already have the correct perception of cyberstalking. The majority of students can distinguish statements with indications of cyberstalking and not cyberstalking.
Budaya Kerja Aparatur Sipil Negara pada Kantor Camat Idi Tunong Kabupaten Aceh Timur
Authors: Maulina Cut Sri , Humaizi Humaizi , Achmad Nurman
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study was to look at work culture and the factors that influence the work culture of employees in the Idi Tunong Subdistrict Office. Descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques are through observation, interviews and documentation. The informants of this research are the key informants namely the Idi Tunong Sub-District Head and the Public and Personnel Kasubbag, the main informants are employees of the Idi Tunong Sub-District Office employee and additional informants are the people who get the services of the Idi Tunong Sub-District Office. Data analysis techniques are data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study are the work culture of the Idi Tunong Sub-District Office in terms of information disclosure, mutual respect, cooperation between employees has been carried out well only in employee work discipline is still not optimal and needs to be improved. Meanwhile, for factors that influence the work culture of the Idi Tunong Subdistrict Office such as organizational culture, external culture, learning process and motivation have an influence on the work culture of the Idi Tunong Subdistrict Office, while for leader behavior, employee selection, mission clarity, mission certainty, exemplary leaders still have not influenced the work culture in the Idi Tunong Sub-District Office.
State Civil Apparatus Services (ASN) In Management of Population Administration In Medan Johor sub-district, Medan City
Authors: Ivanna Julia , Suherwani Ella , Hodriani Hodriani , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: July 2020

This study aims to determine the responsiveness of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) serving the community in the administration of Population Administration at Medan Johor Sub-district office. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The location of this research is Medan Johor Sub-district Office on Jln. Cipta No. 16 Pangkalan Mashhur, Medan Johor. Techniques of collection theÂ  data through observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique carried out provides a clear picture of the research problem to be discussed and subsequently the data is presented qualitatively by reducing data, displaying data, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the responsiveness of the State Civil Apparatus in the administration of population administration services in the Medan Johor Sub-district office has been going well. Related to responding to the applicant, speed, accuracy, accuracy, and responding to complaints, while regarding the timeliness indicators have not been implemented optimally. The supporting factor of responsiveness is in the form of a community that can listen well to the instructions of officers. Besides the inhibiting factors of responsiveness in the form of a network that is suddenly offline, people who do not want to be invited to cooperate, and the absence of printing machines in Medan Johor Sub-district office.
Analisis Kepuasan Masyarakat Kota Medan terhadap Tim Gugus Tugas Covid-19
Authors: Rezeki Sri , Kusnady Diding , Akmal Akhwanul , Surya Indra , Farmiati Josi , Supriyanto Supriyanto
Published: July 2020

Indonesia one of the countries exposed by corona virus disease (Covid-19), so the government seriously form task force covid-19. Medan City is the provincial capital of North Sumatra have been exposed to corona virus disease (covid-19) until now starting on a sunday first in june had there are about 500 cases handled by the task force. Is an established by the provincial governments north sumatra to provide us with information in guarding the legal the spread of this virus . It be good or bad the performance of a cluster of a duty in perform this function or assessed by the community. One of the community assessment is a community satisfaction index. In determining community satisfaction index, used the quality and tangible service, responsiveness, reliability, assurance and emphaty. Dimensions tangible facilities team covering physical task force, equipment and personnel the task force. Dimensions responsiveness covering the readiness the task force in inform the community. The reliability covering the ability of the task force in providing services of information real and accurate. Dimensions assurance covering the ability of the task force knowledge related to the spread of covid-19. Dimensions emphaty covering an empathy team task force on the community of the City of Medan. Based on the research done, task force the Province of North Sumatra considered satisfied by the community of the City of Medan.
Implementasi Kebijakan E-KTP Dalam Pelayanan Administrasi Kependudukan Kota Padangsidimpuan
Authors: Hasibuan Erlinda Habib , Badaruddin Badaruddin , Karyono Karyono
Published: July 2020

This study aims to determine the implementation of the Electronic Identity Card (e-KTP) policy in the Population and Civil Registry Office of Padangsidimpuan City. In this study using the George C Edward III implementation model that is considered very appropriate and has detailed variables. This study uses a qualitative approach to data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques using data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate, the implementation of the Electronic Identity Card (e-KTP) policy has been running since 2015. However, there are still some problems encountered. Of the 4 variables in the George C Edward III implementation model namely communication, resources, disposition and bureaucrat structure. The results showed that the Disduk Capil Kota Padang Sidempuan only fulfilled 2 variables. The 2 variables are fulfilled namely disposition and bureaucrat structure. While two more variables that are not fulfilled are communication and resources.
INCOME TAX ASPECTS OF CRYPTOCURRENCIES – LEGAL AND YOUNG ECONOMISTS’ VIEW IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC
Authors: Hampl Filip
Published: July 2020

Cryptocurrencies are used not only as a payment instrument but also as a speculative
and investment instrument. In the context of their use, the question arises of how and whether they should be taxed. The aim of the paper is to analyse and to assess the taxation of income from the cryptocurrency operations from the perspective of a non-business natural person in compliance with the Act on Income Taxes in the Czech Republic, concurrently to find out the attitude of young future economists familiar with cryptocurrencies to this tax issue and to identify socioeconomic factors influencing their attitude. For this purpose, an online questionnaire survey was conducted among economists aged 19-35 years in May 2019. A total of 269 responses were obtained and
evaluated using descriptive statistics and ordinal regression. While, according to the effective law, income from all cryptocurrency operations is to be taxed, the results show that most of the respondents (44.98%) would tax the income depending on how cryptocurrencies are used.
ANALYZING THE MARKETING MODEL OF KRISHNA CONSCIOUSNESS IN HUNGARY
Authors: Bence-Kiss Krisztina , Szigeti Orsolya
Published: July 2020

The aim of this paper is to analyze the marketing activities of Krishna Consciousness as a new religious movement in Hungary. Observations and in-depth interviews were carried out in different Krishna-conscious communities in Europe concerning the means they apply to gain followers. The three-year-long qualitative research phase has revealed two-phase model, in which Krishna-conscious villages are promoted as touristic destinations providing a cultural experience; and only in the second phase, when people already visit one of these places, are they introduced to the religion, which feels more like learning, not promotion. In the second research phase a questionnaire was used to evaluate the recognition and the efficiency of the two-phase model. In this paper the research results concerning Krisna Völgy in Hungary are introduced, which is currently the biggest village in Europe and also one of the most developed ones concerning tourism and cultural experiences.