bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Il dialogo sulle emozioni tra insegnante e bambino
Authors: Valle Annalisa , Cornetti Valentina , Marchetti Antonella
Published: May 2015

Questo lavoro intende presentare l'applicazione dello strumento denominato Dialogo sulle Emozioni per la prima volta a diadi insegnante-bambino. Il Dialogo sulle Emozioni valuta la sintonizzazione emotiva di una diade dal punto di vista narrativo, chiedendo ai due partner di co-costruire quattro racconti a tema emotivo: elementi chiave per definire la diade emotivamente sintonizzata sono la capacità di costruire le quattro narrazioni richieste in un clima positivo e di accettazione reciproca, attraverso la partecipazione attiva di entrambi. La descrizione dello strumento e del sistema di codifica, accompagnata da esempi per ciascuna tipologia di diade considerata, evidenzia l'applicabilità dello strumento anche in ambito extra-familiare e sottolinea i vantaggi e le potenzialità del suo utilizzo da parte degli operatori che a vario titolo sono interessati a conoscere il funzionamento emotivo delle principali relazioni interpersonali che si instaurano a scuola.
Simulating Performance Risk for Lighting Retrofit Decisions
Authors: Hu Jia , Shen Eric , Gu Yun
Published: May 2015

In building retrofit projects, dynamic simulations are performed to simulate building performance. Uncertainty may negatively affect model calibration and predicted lighting energy savings, which increases the chance of default on performance-based contracts. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to develop a simulation-based method that can analyze lighting performance risk in lighting retrofit decisions. The model uses a surrogate model, which is constructed by adaptively selecting sample points and generating approximation surfaces with fast computing time. The surrogate model is a replacement of the computation intensive process. A statistical method is developed to generate extreme weather profile based on the 20-year historical weather data. A stochastic occupancy model was created using actual occupancy data to generate realistic occupancy patterns. Energy usage of lighting, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) is simulated using EnergyPlus. The method can evaluate the influence of different risk factors (e.g., variation of luminaire input wattage, varying weather conditions) on lighting and HVAC energy consumption and lighting electricity demand. Probability distributions are generated to quantify the risk values. A case study was conducted to demonstrate and validate the methods. The surrogate model is a good solution for quantifying the risk factors and probability distribution of the building performance.
Organising a Safe Space for Navigating Social-Ecological Transformations to Sustainability
Authors: Pereira Laura , Karpouzoglou Timothy , Doshi Samir , Frantzeskaki Niki
Published: May 2015

The need for developing socially just living conditions for the world’s growing population whilst keeping human societies within a ‘safe operating space’ has become a modern imperative. This requires transformative changes in the dominant social norms, behaviours, governance and management regimes that guide human responses in areas such as urban ecology, public health, resource security (e.g., food, water, energy access), economic development and biodiversity conservation. However, such systemic transformations necessitate experimentation in public arenas of exchange and a deepening of processes that can widen multi-stakeholder learning. We argue that there is an emergent potential in bridging the sustainability transitions and resilience approaches to create new scientific capacity that can support large-scale social-ecological transformations (SETs) to sustainability globally, not just in the West. In this article, we elucidate a set of guiding principles for the design of a ‘safe space’ to encourage stronger interactions between these research areas and others that are relevant to the challenges faced. We envisage new opportunities for transdisciplinary collaboration that will develop an adaptive and evolving community of practice. In particular, we emphasise the great opportunity for engaging with the role of emerging economies in facilitating safe space experimentation.
Functional Analysis of the Maize C-Repeat/DRE Motif-Binding Transcription Factor CBF3 Promoter in Response to Abiotic Stress
Authors: Liu Jinliang , Wang Fengting , Yu Gang , Zhang Xianghui , Jia Chengguo , Qin Jianchun , Pan Hongyu
Published: May 2015

The ZmCBF3 gene is a member of AP2/ERF transcription factor family, which is a large family of plant-specific transcription factors that share a well-conserved DNA-binding domain. To understand the regulatory mechanism of ZmCBF3 gene expression, we isolated and characterized the ZmCBF3 promoter (PZmCBF3). Three deletion fragments of PZmCBF3 were generated, C1–C3, from the translation start codon at position −1079, −638, and −234, and fused to the GUS reporter gene. Each deletion construct was analyzed by Agrobacterium-mediated stable transformation and expression in Arabidopsis thaliana. GUS expression assays indicated that the PZmCBF3 exhibited root-specific expression activity. A 234-bp fragment upstream of the ZmCBF3 gene conferred a high level of GUS activity in Arabidopsis. Some cis-acting elements involved in the down-regulation of gene expression were detected in the promoter, encompassing positions −1079 to −234. PZmCBF3 was activated by cold stress. The MYCCONSENSUSAT elements (CANNTG) were responsible for the ability of PZmCBF3 to respond to cold stress. The results of the present study suggest that PZmCBF3 might play a role in cold tolerance in maize.
Acetic Acid-Catalyzed Formation of N-Phenylphthalimide from Phthalanilic Acid: A Computational Study of the Mechanism
Authors: Takahashi Ohgi , Kirikoshi Ryota , Manabe Noriyoshi
Published: May 2015

In glacial acetic acid, phthalanilic acid and its monosubstituents are known to be converted to the corresponding phthalimides in relatively good yields. In this study, we computationally investigated the experimentally proposed two-step (addition-elimination or cyclization-dehydration) mechanism at the second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation (MP2) level of theory for the unsubstituted phthalanilic acid, with an explicit acetic acid molecule included in the calculations. In the first step, a gem-diol tetrahedral intermediate is formed by the nucleophilic attack of the amide nitrogen. The second step is dehydration of the intermediate to give N-phenylphthalimide. In agreement with experimental findings, the second step has been shown to be rate-determining. Most importantly, both of the steps are catalyzed by an acetic acid molecule, which acts both as proton donor and acceptor. The present findings, along with those from our previous studies, suggest that acetic acid and other carboxylic acids (in their undissociated forms) can catalyze intramolecular nucleophilic attacks by amide nitrogens and breakdown of the resulting tetrahedral intermediates, acting simultaneously as proton donor and acceptor. In other words, double proton transfers involving a carboxylic acid molecule can be part of an extensive bond reorganization process from cyclic hydrogen-bonded complexes.
Sex Control in Fish: Approaches, Challenges and Opportunities for Aquaculture
Authors: Budd Alyssa , Banh Quyen , Domingos Jose , Jerry Dean
Published: May 2015

At present, aquaculture is the fastest growing sector of animal food production and holds great potential as a sustainable solution for world food security. The ability to control sex is one of the most important factors for the commercialisation and efficient propagation of fish species, due to influences on reproduction, growth and product quality. Accordingly, there is a large body of research that targets sexual development in commercially important species in an attempt to understand and control fish sex and reproductive function. In this review, we provide an introduction to sex determination and differentiation in fish, including the genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors that can influence fish sex ratios. We also summarise the major approaches used to control sex in fish and discuss their application in commercially important species. Specifically, we discuss the use of exogenous steroid hormones, chromosome ploidy, environmental manipulations, sex-linked genetic markers, selection for altered sex ratios, and transgenics and comment on the challenges associated with controlling sex in a commercial environment.
Perspectives of the Breast Cancer Survivorship Continuum: Diagnosis through 30 Months Post-Treatment
Authors: Hulett Jennifer , Armer Jane , Stewart Bob , Wanchai Ausanee
Published: May 2015

This study explored breast cancer survivors’ perspectives regarding their experiences of the survivorship continuum from diagnosis through 30 months post-treatment. The sample included women (N = 379) with newly-diagnosed breast cancer undergoing treatment at a Midwestern university-affiliated cancer center. Semi-structured interviews were conducted using the Lymphedema and Breast Cancer Questionnaire at time of diagnosis, post-operatively, quarterly during the first year, and then semi-annually thereafter through 30 months post-treatment. A mixed-methodology was used to analyze participants’ comments. Themes central to long-term survivorship experiences included social support, positive worldviews, breast cancer and lymphedema health literacy, religious/spiritual beliefs, self-empowerment, and recovery expectations. These themes were consistent with a psychoneuroimmunological model of health in which psychosocial variables mediate stress and influence health outcomes. Qualitative data showed that social support and positive worldviews were the two themes with the most significant impact on long-term breast cancer survivorship experiences. Survivors expressed a need to advance their health care literacy in order to share ownership of breast cancer and lymphedema treatment decisions. Since breast cancer is an immune-mediated disease, long-term survivorship planning should address psychosocial factors that influence the long-term psychological distress associated with immune dysfunction.
Review of Recent Progress of Plasmonic Materials and Nano-Structures for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering
Authors: Wang Alan , Kong Xianming
Published: May 2015

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has demonstrated single-molecule sensitivity and is becoming intensively investigated due to its significant potential in chemical and biomedical applications. SERS sensing is highly dependent on the substrate, where excitation of the localized surface plasmons (LSPs) enhances the Raman scattering signals of proximate analyte molecules. This paper reviews research progress of SERS substrates based on both plasmonic materials and nano-photonic structures. We first discuss basic plasmonic materials, such as metallic nanoparticles and nano-rods prepared by conventional bottom-up chemical synthesis processes. Then, we review rationally-designed plasmonic nano-structures created by top-down approaches or fine-controlled synthesis with high-density hot-spots to provide large SERS enhancement factors (EFs). Finally, we discuss the research progress of hybrid SERS substrates through the integration of plasmonic nano-structures with other nano-photonic devices, such as photonic crystals, bio-enabled nanomaterials, guided-wave systems, micro-fluidics and graphene.
Les Antigonides avaient-ils des cornes ? Sur l’utilisation d’un attribut divin dans les représentations d’une dynastie hellénistique
Authors: Barre Romain
Published: May 2015

Avec l’éclatement de l’empire d’Alexandre le Grand apparaît le morcellement du pouvoir et les souverains qui prennent sa suite se livrent à une intense concurrence. Leur rivalité ne s’exprime pas uniquement sur le champ de bataille mais ils s’affrontent aussi par le biais de leur mode de représentation. Les attributs qu’ils choisissent sont donc lourds de sens, et c’est ainsi qu’il convient de les analyser. Dans le cas de la dynastie des Antigonides, un attribut semble tenir une place particulière : les cornes, en ce qu’elles font référence aux succès militaires des souverains, sont un élément décisif quant à l’identification des portraits des rois antigonides.
Vingt-cinq ans après Porto Alegre, où en est (l’étude de) la démocratie participative en Amérique latine ?
Authors: Garibay David
Published: May 2015

Porto Alegre est devenu le symbole de la mise en œuvre d’un budget participatif en Amérique latine. Au-delà de ce cas, les expériences de démocratie participative se sont multipliées dans la région. La réflexion met en lien la diffusion des expériences et l’évolution de la manière dont elles ont été étudiées dans les sciences sociales. Elle revient sur le cas de Porto Alegre, sur le contexte de sa réalisation et de sa diffusion, puis sur l’étude comparée des expériences de budgets participatifs comprises depuis une perspective institutionnaliste, et enfin souligne l’apport de travaux plus récents qui abordent des expériences depuis des focales à la fois localisées et contextualisées.
Décloisonner la comparaison : dispositifs participatifs et démocratisation au Brésil et au Mexique
Authors: Montambeault Françoise
Published: May 2015

Dans cet article, nous proposons d’ouvrir la discussion des effets politiques des dispositifs participatifs sur la transformation des rapports de médiation entre l’État et la société. À cette fin, il s’agit de décloisonner les bases de la comparaison des dispositifs participatifs en Amérique latine, en proposant une comparaison multiniveaux de cas empiriques dans deux municipalités au Mexique (León et Nezahualcóyotl) et deux au Brésil (Recife et Belo Horizonte). Cette comparaison s’intéresse non seulement à qui participe (stratégies de mobilisation) mais aussi à la nature de la participation (degré d’autonomie) au sein de différents types de dispositifs participatifs, ce qui permet de dégager une typologie illustrant la complexité des rapports État-société qui en émergent.
La diffusion des modèles de démocratie participative au niveau local au Salvador : les maires au carrefour de conceptions concurrentes
Authors: Garibay David
Published: May 2015

Au Salvador, des maires du parti issu de l’ancienne guérilla ont mis en œuvre des expériences participatives, aux sources d’inspiration diverses (cas en Amérique latine, réseaux d’experts, coopération). Dans un contexte de faibles ressources, les acteurs externes sont déterminants. Leur influence conduit à ce que le sens donné à la participation évolue d’une vision plus militante vers un cadre plus technocratique. Les cas de Nejapa, des programmes de reconstruction, de la capitale et de Santa Tecla permettent de montrer le rôle du maire et les contextes dans lesquels ils parviennent à faire cohabiter des visions de la participation différentes et contradictoires.
Effect of Pictograph-Based Discharge Instructions on Older Adults' Comprehension and Recall: A Pilot Study
Authors: Choi Jeungok
Published: May 2015

Many older adults return home with limited comprehension of hospital discharge instructions because current text-based instructions are difficult to understand. To address this issue, the author developed discharge instructions using pictographs (i.e., simple line drawings showing step-by-step discharge actions) for older adults under care of hip replacement surgery. The purpose of the current study was to examine the effect of pictograph-based discharge instructions on comprehension and recall of older adults with low literacy skills. A posttest-only comparison group design was used to compare pictograph-based (
n
= 21) to text-only (
n
= 21) discharge instructions at 4 weeks after discharge instruction education. Significantly greater improvements in scores on comprehension and recall were demonstrated by the pictograph group than the text-only group. A follow-up, full-scale study is suggested to examine the effect of pictograph-based instructions on adherence to instructions and health outcomes.

[Res Gerontol Nurs. 2016; 9(2):66–71.]
Cognitive Interviewing: Revising the Preferences for Everyday Living Inventory for Use In the Nursing Home
Authors: Curyto Kim , Van Haitsma Kimberly S. , Towsley Gail L.
Published: May 2015

A valid tool is needed to assess preferences that are relevant and important to nursing home (NH) residents. Originally developed for older adults receiving home care services, the authors adapted the Preferences for Everyday Living Inventory (PELI) for use with NH residents. Content validity was initially established using a panel of experts in long-term care. PELI items were cognitively interviewed with 31 Veteran and 39 non-Veteran participants (
N
= 70). Responses from cognitive interviewing guided substantial revisions of the PELI (>25% of items) to include language that NH residents use and understand, reducing potential measurement error and ensuring the preferences assessed are relevant to NH residents. Future work will further adapt the PELI for use with more diverse groups and health care settings, and assess its psychometric properties. Using the PELI will help move clinical teams closer to the goal of providing person-centered care informed by individual preferences.

[Res Gerontol Nurs. 2016; 9(1):24–34.]
Women Entrepreneurs Address Poverty and Social Change through Empowering Grassroots Initiatives in Tanzania
Authors: Semali Ladislaus M.
Published: May 2015

This chapter investigates the story of Jitahidi women in Tanzania to understand the dynamics of empowerment at the grassroots level. The stories chronicled in this chapter present self-reliance events, motivations, and practical initiatives of a small entrepreneurial group of women, organized with shoe-string budgets. Their goal was to establish a women's collective strength that could unleash women's lives from oppressive economic regimes, patriarchal traditions, gender inequality, gender discrimination, and socio-historical legacies that exploit women everywhere. The study revealed that dialogical way of thinking and underlying conventions wrapped-up in Women in Development activities in Tanzania were critical in providing the vision that guided the Jitahidi group to create a space for transformation and potential to empower women so as to define their own educational needs and create political organizations within the local community.
When Science Becomes Relevant
Authors: Suping Shanah M. , Garegae Kgomotso G.
Published: May 2015

This chapter explores the use of indigenous knowledge for empowerment purposes. The White Angels Yoghurt and Dairy business in Molepolole, a wholly women owned business relied on indigenous knowledge of science with no formal scientific school background. The owners of this business have low education; they stay in a rural area and are poor. Their efforts are noteworthy as a symbol of women's empowerment that has relied on indigenous knowledge of milk pasteurisation and sweetening, a cultural tradition that Batswana have practiced for years. Their business has also demonstrated that combining indigenous knowledge with the current scientific and technological know-how can sustain and yield more gains for the business. Empowerment here can thus be defined as the ability to combine local/indigenous resources and current scientific knowledge and technologies to propel success and more gains from an empowerment project.
In Situ Damage Assessment on Supporting Structure of Coal Conveyor
Authors: Nurbanasari Meilinda
Published: May 2015

The supporting structure of conveyor in a coal power generation plant located in marine environment, was experiencing severe filiform corrosion. The structure has been used since 2009. This supporting structure holds the conveyor for coal transportation from the ship to the turbine. From visual inspection, it was clearly seen that around 80 % of total area of the structure has been corroded, which influenced the strength of the structure. Hence damage evaluation of supporting structure was important to be carried out to determine the level of damage and to give the recommendation for repairment strategies. The damage evaluation method consisted of thickness measuring, chemical composition test, hardness test, microstructure analysis using replica technique and deposit analysis using SEM-EDS. The result showed that the type of material structure was AISI 1020. The highest reduction in measured thickness was 44 %, which occurred dominantly on bottom and top flange of the structure. It was also found that in some joint areas, the material was perforated. The deposit analysis using SEM EDS found that the type of coating used on steel structure was not suitable for the marine environment.
A Stream Data Processing Framework for Location-Based Service Using NoSQL Technology
Authors: Kim Nan Ju , Choi Eui In
Published: May 2015

One of the most exciting changes in Location-Based Services is the incredible growth of internet, development of wearable devices, and advanced positioning technologies. In addition, the big data from those sources helps performing seamless LBS as a technology. The existing processing methods used to detect the location of a particular tag, or specific device are not enough for complex processing while collecting all of the streaming data at the same time using a variety of wireless communication system [10,11,12,13]. We can use big data processing method for processing all the streaming data in real time. In this paper, we propose a framework for improving performance of Seamless LBS using NoSQL technology.
DSP-Based on Brushless DC Motor Speed Control by PI Controller Using Back EMF Detection
Authors: Kumpanya Danupon , Kiree Chookiat , Tunyasrirut Satean , Puangdownreong Deacha
Published: May 2015

This paper presents a design and implementation of Brushless DC (BLDC) motor speed control based on the TMS320F28335 DSP board interfacing to MATLAB/SIMULINK. To obtain the optimal tracking and regulating responses, the PI controller is conducted and designed by pole placement technique. With Back EMF detection, the proposed system is considered as a class of sensorless control. This scheme leads to the speed adjustment of the BLDC motor by PWM. This experiment aims to examine the effectiveness of BLDC motor by testing the BLDC motor of 100 watt. It was found that the speed response of BLDC motor can be regulated at the operating speed of 700 rpm and 1400 rpm at no load and full load conditions.
Twist1 and Twist2 Contribute to Cytokine Downregulation following Chronic NOD2 Stimulation of Human Macrophages through the Coordinated Regulation of Transcriptional Repressors and Activators
Authors: Zheng Shasha , Hedl Matija , Abraham Clara
Published: May 2015

Proper regulation of microbial-induced cytokines is critical to intestinal immune homeostasis. Acute stimulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2), the Crohn’s disease–associated sensor of bacterial peptidoglycan, induces cytokines. However, chronic NOD2 stimulation in macrophages decreases cytokines upon pattern recognition receptor (PRR) restimulation; cytokine attenuation to PRR stimulation is similarly observed in intestinal macrophages. The role for the transcriptional repressors Twist1 and Twist2 in regulating PRR-induced cytokine outcomes is poorly understood and has not been reported for NOD2. We found that Twist1 and Twist2 were required for optimal cytokine downregulation during acute and, particularly, chronic NOD2 stimulation of human macrophages. Consistently, Twist1 and Twist2 expression was increased after chronic NOD2 stimulation; this increased expression was IL-10 and TGF-β dependent. Although Twist1 and Twist2 did not coregulate each other’s expression, they cooperated to enhance binding to cytokine promoters after chronic NOD2 stimulation. Moreover, Twist1 and Twist2 contributed to enhance expression and promoter binding of the proinflammatory inhibitor c-Maf and the transcriptional repressor Bmi1. Restoring c-Maf and Bmi1 expression in Twist-deficient macrophages restored NOD2-induced cytokine downregulation. Furthermore, with chronic NOD2 stimulation, Twist1 and Twist2 contributed to the decreased expression and cytokine promoter binding of the transcriptional activators activating transcription factor 4, C/EBPα, Runx1, and Runx2. Knockdown of these transcriptional activators in Twist-deficient macrophages restored cytokine downregulation after chronic NOD2 stimulation. Finally, NOD2 synergized with additional PRRs to increase Twist1 and Twist2 expression and Twist-dependent pathways. Therefore, after chronic NOD2 stimulation Twist1 and Twist2 coordinate the regulation of both transcriptional activators and repressors, thereby mediating optimal cytokine downregulation.
Specific Contributions of CSF-1 and GM-CSF to the Dynamics of the Mononuclear Phagocyte System
Authors: Louis Cynthia , Cook Andrew D. , Lacey Derek , Fleetwood Andrew J. , Vlahos Ross , Anderson Gary P. , Hamilton John A.
Published: May 2015

M-CSF (or CSF-1) and GM-CSF can regulate the development and function of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). To address some of the outstanding and sometimes conflicting issues surrounding this biology, we undertook a comparative analysis of the effects of neutralizing mAbs to these CSFs on murine MPS populations in the steady-state and during acute inflammatory reactions. CSF-1 neutralization, but not of GM-CSF, in normal mice rapidly reduced the numbers of more mature Ly6C− monocytes in blood and bone marrow, without any effect on proliferating precursors, and also the numbers of the resident peritoneal macrophages, observations consistent with CSF-1 signaling being essential only at a relatively late state in steady-state MPS development; in contrast, GM-CSF neutralization had no effect on the numbers of these particular populations. In Ag-induced peritonitis (AIP), thioglycolate-induced peritonitis, and LPS-induced lung inflammation, CSF-1 neutralization lowered inflammatory macrophage number; in the AIP model, this reduced number was not due to suppressed proliferation. More detailed studies with the convenient AIP model indicated that CSF-1 neutralization led to a relatively uniform reduction in all inflammatory cell populations; GM-CSF neutralization, in contrast, was more selective, resulting in the preferential loss among the MPS populations of a cycling, monocyte-derived inflammatory dendritic cell population. Some mechanistic options for the specific CSF-dependent biologies enumerated are discussed.
Basis-teoretiese perspektiewe op dissipelskap en die verhouding tot gemeentebou
Authors: Steyn Karel P.
Published: May 2015

Basis-theoretical perspectives on discipleship and its relation towards congregation building. In recent times there has been a growing focus on the process of building up the local church in the Reformed Churches of South Africa. Congregation building should not only take place through growing numbers, but also through spiritual growth. In this article a few basis-theoretical perspectives will be explored through a study of applicable literature, regarding the definition of ‘disciple’ and ’discipleship’. It is also the purpose of this article to establish whether or not there is any relation between discipleship and congregation building. It is the premise of this article that discipleship, with the basis-theoretical perspectives in mind, can suffice as a ministry model towards congregation building for the church in the ever so changing times in which she finds herself when the kingdom of God is taken as the goal of discipleship, and love for God and your neighbour is taken as the underlying principle of discipleship.
The history of the interpretation of Matthew: Lessons learned
Authors: Allison Dale C.
Published: May 2015

Scholars pay attention to the history of interpretation of biblical texts and of their reception for multiple good reasons. This essay urges that, in addition to the reasons typically offered, careful Wirkungsgeschichte can sometimes bring to light credible exegetical and historical proposals that were once in the commentary tradition but dropped out for no apparent or good reason. Such proposals need to be restored to the tradition. I shall offer several illustrations, including the old association of Matthew 5:21–26 with the sacrifice of Cain and Abel and the ancient linking of Matthew 9:20–21 and 14:36 with the prophecy of Malachi 4:2 (‘The Son of Righteousness will arise with healing in his wings’). The article also, however, draws attention to some of the limitations of Wirkungsgeschichte for historical exegesis. Die interpretasiegeskiedenis van Matteus: Lesse geleer. Navorsers skenk aan die interpretasiegeskiedenis van bybelse tekste en die ontvangs van die verskillende tekste omverskeie redes aandag. Hierdie artikel toon aan dat, behalwe vir redes wat normaalweg aangebied word, ’n noukeurige ‘Wirkungsgeschichte’ soms geloofwaardige eksegetiese en historiese voorstelle na vore kan bring wat tevore wel tot die kommentaretradisie behoort het, maar gaandeweg in onbruik verval het. Sodanige voorstelle behoort weer tot die tradisie toegevoeg te word. Ter stawing hiervan kan verskeie voorbeelde genoem word soos die bekende assosiasie van Matteus 5:21–26 met die offer van Kain en Abel en die oeroue koppeling van Matteus 9:20–21 en 14:36 met die profesie van Maleagi 4:2 (‘Die son van geregtigheid salverrys met genesing in sy vleuels’). Hierdie artikel vestig egter ook die aandag op sekere beperkings van die ‘Wirkungsgeschichte’ vir die historiese eksegese.
In good times and in bad: Die stormagtige verhouding tussen kerk en die orrel � is egskeiding onafwendbaar?
Authors: Vermeulen Ockie C.
Published: May 2015

In good times and in bad: The tumultuous relationship between the church and the organ - is divorce inevitable? Through the ages, a delicate relationship has existed between the church and the pipe organ. Since the 10th century, the organ established itself as a unique instrument in service of worship. This relationship was not always a steady one, and this article investigates the tumultuous affair between the two parties. In part one of the article, which is a historic perspective, the relationship is discussed by looking at different cultures and uses of the organ in the worship service. This gives a sense of when and how the relationship came into being and developed or deteriorated. In part two, the current situation in the Afrikaans Reformed service is explored by conducting several unstructured interviews with key role players in the theological and musical world of South Africa. In part three, the study ventures into speculating about the future of the organ in the worship service by briefly looking at the attitude of the organist and spirituality of the postmodern church goer. In essence, this article reflects on whether the marriage between church and music instrument is solid or on its way to the divorce court.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: The relationship between organ and church has to be reconsidered. The use of the organ in the worship service has to be taken under scrutiny, and a new relationship agreement between the two partners has to be formulated.
Computational Study of Nonadiabatic Wave Patterns in Smouldering Combustion under Microgravity
Authors: Ijioma Ekeoma Rowland , Izuhara Hirofumi , Mimura Masayasu , Ogawa Toshiyuki
Published: May 2015

We numerically study a thermal-diffusive model for smouldering combustion under microgravity with convective heat losses. In accordance with previous experimental observations, it is well known that porous materials burning against a gaseous oxidiser under microgravity exhibit various finger-like char patterns due to the destabilising effect of oxidiser transport. There is a close resemblance between the pattern-forming dynamics observed in the experiments with the mechanism of thermal-diffusive instability, similar to that occurring in low Lewis number premixtures. At large values of the Lewis number, the finger-like pattern coalesces and propagates as a stable front reminiscent of the pattern behaviour at large Péclet numbers in diffusion-limited systems. The significance of the order of the chemical kinetics for the coexistence of both upstream and downstream smoulder waves is also considered.
A Multigrid Solver based on Distributive Smoother and Residual Overweighting for Oseen Problems
Authors: Chen Long , Hu Xiaozhe , Wang Ming , Xu Jinchao
Published: May 2015

An efficient multigrid solver for the Oseen problems discretized by Marker and Cell (MAC) scheme on staggered grid is developed in this paper. Least squares commutator distributive Gauss-Seidel (LSC-DGS) relaxation is generalized and developed for Oseen problems. Residual overweighting technique is applied to further improve the performance of the solver and a defect correction method is suggested to improve the accuracy of the discretization. Some numerical results are presented to demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the proposed solver.
Гамильтоновы цепи в дистанционных графах
Authors: Utkin Vladislav Victorovich
Published: May 2015

Объектом исследования в настоящей работе является граф
$$
G(n,r,s)=(V(n,r),E(n,r,s)),
$$
у которого
\begin{align*}
V(n,r)&=\{v : v \subset \{1,…,n\}, |v|=r\},

E(n,r,s)&=\{\{v,u\} : v,u \in V(n,r), |v \cap u|=s\},
\end{align*}
т.е. вершины графа являются $r$-подмножествами множества
$\mathcal{R}_n=\{1,…,n\}$, а ребра между ними проводятся,
если вершины пересекаются ровно по $s$ элементам. В работе получены
двусторонние оценки для числа гамильтоновых цепей графа $G(n,k,1)$
при $n \to \infty$.
Библиография: 20 названий.
О количестве чисел специального вида в зависимости от четности числа их различных простых делителей
Authors: Changa Maris Evgen'evich
Published: May 2015

Рассматриваются натуральные числа, все простые делители
которых принадлежат специальным множествам, причем количество
этих простых делителей четно (нечетно). Доказано, что числа
с нечетным количеством различных простых делителей преобладают,
точнее, разность между количествами тех и других, не
превосходящих заданного $x$, стремится к бесконечности с ростом $x$.
Библиография: 7 названий.
Digital Death in the Age of Narcissism
Authors: Vrtačič Eva , Šporčič Anamarija
Published: May 2015

Pathological narcissism represents the dominant form of subjectivity in post-industrial society and its consumerist ideals. The fear one feels in connection with one’s death, fear that is typical of pathological narcissism, frequently manifests itself as absolute denial of the idea of a mortal Self. According to Freud, primary narcissism prevents one from imagining or even thinking about one’s own death. In the realm of the Unconscious, death does not exist. Death is absent from cyberspace in much the same manner and in this sense, cyberspace has become a fitting metaphor for the Unconscious. It is pathological narcissism that makes cyberspace and all actions that take place within it possible, reasonable and justifiable. It is what transforms all our cyber-actions into more than merely a waste of time. Upon entering cyberspace the subjects are given the chance to leave their mortality, their corporeity behind and embark upon a journey that offers countless possibilities and realities. Yet they have thus also entered the realm of digital death. The anthropological supposition that culture is our “natural environment” can now, when cyberspace and digital technologies function as a “natural environment” for pathological narcissism, be reconsidered and reinterpreted.
Ujemi me, če moreš! – sleng kot družbeni pojav in problematika obravnave slenga v slovarjih
Authors: Fabjančič Tamara
Published: May 2015

Prispevek obravnava sleng iz dveh zornih kotov. Avtorica najprej opiše, kako sleng deluje v okviru družbe. Opisana je izjemno pomembna vloga, ki jo igra sleng – raba slenga lahko posameznika namreč obdrži v njegovem najožjem družbenem okolju, ali pa, na primer ob neustrezni rabi, povzroči, da je posameznik iz svoje družbene mreže izločen. Kot primer vloge, ki jo ima sleng v različnih družbenih mrežah, se avtorica posveti družbenim mrežam adolescentov. Poleg bolj sociološko usmerjenih vidikov slenga, je v članku opisana tudi releksikalizacija, jezikovni pojav, ki je v slengu pogosto prisoten. In ker sleng – ne glede na to, kaj bi si njegovi ustvarjalci in uporabniki morda želeli – ne more biti povsem ločen od ostalih ravni v jeziku, članek umesti sleng v širši, splošnejši okvir jezika. V nadaljevanju beremo, kako so slengovski in žaljivi izrazi obravnavani v slovarjih, tako enojezičnih kot dvojezičnih. Na koncu pa avtorica povzame ugotovitve, do katerih je prišla na podlagi poprejšnje daljše analize slovarske obravnave naključnega izbora slengovskih in žaljivih izrazov.
On Fillers and Their Possible Functions
Authors: Frăţilă Loredana
Published: May 2015

This paper has its departure point in ten interviews conducted by the famous journalist Larry King on the CNN. It sets out to demonstrate that fillers, words and phrases that may carry a negligible if not void semantic load, may, nevertheless, play an important functional role in communication, as discourse markers and interactional signals.
Literature of Scotland and Slovenia: From Devolution to Post-devolution, from Socialism to Independence and Beyond
Authors: Ličar Luka
Published: May 2015

This article looks at the situation of nationalism and literature in both Scotland and Slovenia in the 1980s and onward until the present day. In the case of Scotland the focus is on the devolution process and the literary renaissance which followed the failed referendum. The focus is also on the post-devolution literature and the challenges it faces both in terms of retrospect and the future challenges. In Slovenia in the 1980s the main points are the role of literature and culture in the process of democratisation and the reimagining of literature to reflect on the new situations. During this process comparisons as well as differences between both nations are revealed and some are specifically pointed out. Finally, there are certain concepts of how literature can advance and also hinder the development of a nation, which should be taken into consideration in the future developments.
Opportunities for Improved Fire Use and Management in California: Lessons from Western Australia
Authors: Sneeuwjagt Rick J. , Kline Tim S. , Stephens Scott L.
Published: May 2015

As the large scale of fuel treatments needed to promote ecosystem health and reduce heavy fuel loads becomes clear in California’s mixed conifer forests, managers are beginning to focus on how to scale up prescribed fire use in order to treat a meaningful portion of the landscape. We look at the example of Western Australia’s large-scale and highly successful prescribed burning program by their Department of Environment and Conservation as a model for emulation by land management agencies in California. Focusing on: 1) novel management practices, 2) inter-agency collaboration, 3) regulatory collaboration and policy, 4) research integration, 5) cultural acceptance, and 6) political support of prescribed fire, we make recommendations for a new approach to the management and regulation of fire use in California’s mixed conifer forests.
Creating Hotter Fires in the Sonoran Desert: Buffelgrass Produces Copious Fuels and High Fire Temperatures
Authors: McDonald Christopher J. , McPherson Guy R.
Published: May 2015

Buffelgrass (Pennisetum ciliare [L.] Link) can create a grass-fire cycle in many parts of the world because it is a highly competitive, fire-tolerant grass and can replace less fire-tolerant native plants. Fuel loads, loss of buffelgrass biomass after herbicide treatments, and allometric data of buffelgrass growth were measured across sites in southern Arizona, USA. Prescribed fires also were conducted in buffelgrass-dominated fields to measure fire temperatures and quantify relationships between temperature and fuel load. We directly recorded temperatures up to 871 °C and indirectly recorded temperatures of 900 °C. There was no relationship between fuel load and temperature, likely because increased fuel was insufficient to contribute to additional fire intensity beyond minimum fuel loads. Compared to previously described buffelgrass stands and across different desert ecosystems, buffelgrass fuel loads were higher than reported in most other studies, and inter-annual variation in buffelgrass biomass is much lower than that of other invasive grasses, including annual and perennial grasses. As a result, buffelgrass creates a more consistent year-to-year fire hazard than annual grasses. Managers have used herbicide to reduce buffelgrass biomass and we found that, after three years of decomposition, stands of dead buffelgrass were unlikely to support fire spread. Allometric relationships can provide an accurate estimate of buffelgrass biomass of individual plants, but not fuel loads. Buffelgrass produces nonnative grasslands at relatively low elevations of the Sonoran Desert, with more biomass than comparable grasslands in more mesic environments.
Relative Bark Thickness is Correlated with Tree Species Distributions along a Fire Frequency Gradient
Authors: Schafer Jennifer L. , Breslow Bradley P. , Hohmann Matthew G. , Hoffmann William A.
Published: May 2015

The probability of stem survival after fire is strongly influenced by energy allocation to bark because bark thickness affects heat transfer during fire. Greater relative investment in inner bark versus outer bark should also enhance survival because of greater moisture content of inner bark. We measured stem diameter, bark thickness, and habitat preference of five species typical of long-leaf pine savannas, and six species characteristic of adjacent wetlands (pocosins), and calculated relative bark thickness, the inner bark proportion, radial growth, and bark accumulation of each species. We hypothesized that savanna species have thicker bark and greater relative investment in inner bark than pocosin species, because fires occur more frequently in savannas than pocosins. As hypothesized, savanna species have relatively thicker bark than pocosin species. Relative bark thickness and the rate of bark accumulation were correlated with the mean location of a species along the pocosin-to-savanna gradient. However, the inner bark proportion did not differ between savanna and pocosin species. Our results indicate that relative bark thickness is likely the primary bark trait affecting fire-induced topkill and influencing the distribution of species along the pocosin-to-savanna gradient.
The stability and calibration of water vapor isotope ratio measurements during long-term deployments
Authors: Bailey A. , Noone D. , Berkelhammer M. , Steen-Larsen H. C. , Sato P.
Published: May 2015

Abstract. With the recent advent of commercial laser absorption spectrometers, field studies measuring stable isotope ratios of hydrogen and oxygen in water vapor have proliferated. These pioneering analyses have provided invaluable feedback about best strategies for optimizing instrumental accuracy, yet questions still remain about instrument performance and calibration approaches for multi-year field deployments. With clear scientific potential for using these instruments to carry out long-term monitoring of the hydrological cycle, this study examines the long-term stability of the isotopic biases associated with three cavity-enhanced laser absorption spectrometers – calibrated with different systems and approaches – at two remote field sites: Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii, USA, and Greenland Environmental Observatory, Summit, Greenland. The analysis pays particular attention to the stability of measurement dependencies on water vapor concentration and also evaluates whether these so-called concentration-dependences are sensitive to statistical curve-fitting choices or measurement hysteresis. The results suggest evidence of monthly-to-seasonal concentration-dependence variability – which likely stems from low signal-to-noise at the humidity-range extremes – but no long-term directional drift. At Mauna Loa, where the isotopic analyzer is calibrated by injection of liquid water standards into a vaporizer, the largest source of inaccuracy in characterizing the concentration-dependence stems from an insufficient density of calibration points at low humidity. In comparison, at Greenland, the largest source of inaccuracy is measurement hysteresis associated with interactions between the reference vapor, generated by a custom dew point generator (DPG), and the sample tubing. Nevertheless, prediction errors associated with correcting the concentration-dependence are small compared to total measurement uncertainty. At both sites, a dominant source of uncertainty is instrumental precision at low humidity, which cannot be reduced by improving calibration strategies. Challenges in monitoring long-term isotopic drift are also discussed in light of the different calibration systems evaluated.
Evaluation of a spectral line width for the Phillips spectrum by means of numerical simulation
Authors: Korotkevich A. O. , Zakharov V. E.
Published: May 2015

Abstract. The work aims to check one of the assumptions under which the kinetic equation for water waves was derived in order to understand whether it can be applied to the situations described by the Phillips spectrum. We evaluate a spectral line width of the spectrum from the simulations in the framework of primordial dynamical equations at different levels of nonlinearity in the system, corresponding to the weakly turbulent Kolmogorov–Zakharov spectra ω−4, Phillips spectra ω−5, and intermediate cases. The original motivation of the work was to check one of the assumptions under which the kinetic equation for water waves was derived in order to understand whether it can be applied to the Phillips spectrum. It is shown that, even in the case of relatively high average steepness, when the Phillips spectrum is present in the system, the spectral lines are still very narrow, at least in the region of the direct cascade spectrum. It allows us to state that, even in the case of the Phillips spectrum, one of the assumptions used for the derivation of the Hasselmann kinetic equation is still valid, at least in the case of moderate whitecapping.
Foliation by G-orbits
Authors: Rosales-Ortega Jose
Published: May 2015

We study the properties of the normal bundle defined by the bundle of the G-orbits of the action of a semisimple Lie group G on a pseudo Riemannian manifold M, as a consequence we obtain that the foliation induced by the normal bundle is integrable and totally geodesic.
Statistical convergence of double sequences on probabilistic normed spaces defined by $[ V, \lambda, \mu ]$-summability
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Bhatia S. S. , Kumar Vijay
Published: May 2015

In this paper, we aim to generalize the notion of statistical convergence for double sequences on probabilistic normed spaces with the help of two nondecreasing sequences of positive real numbers $\lambda=(\lambda_{n})$ and $\mu = (\mu_{n})$  such that each tending to zero, also $\lambda_{n+1}\leq \lambda_{n}+1, \lambda_{1}=1,$ and $\mu_{n+1}\leq \mu_{n}+1, \mu_{1}=1.$ We also define generalized statistically Cauchy double sequences on PN space and establish the Cauchy convergence criteria in these spaces.
Politics In and After Fiscal Squeeze
Authors: Heald David , Himaz Rozana , Hood Christopher
Published: May 2015

This chapter examines what nine cases of fiscal squeeze in different democracies can reveal about the politics of austerity, combining overall quantitative comparisons with a set of qualitative accounts of those nine cases. It argues that fiscal squeeze in democracies is not invariably prompted by economic force majeure, contrary to the view that public spending growth in democracies can only be checked by exogenous forces or constitutional entrenchment. It further argues that there is no standard set of economic and financial preconditions for fiscal adjustment or consolidation, and that while fiscal squeeze often presents blame-avoidance challenges for incumbents, such squeezes do not necessarily produce deep political crisis or political violence. Nor are they invariably marked by major political turning-points or political cross-dressing in the form of ‘Nixon goes to China’ moments. The chapter concludes by reflecting on what policymakers in the next set of fiscal squeezes can and cannot learn from comparative experience.