bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preimmunization correlates of protection shared across malaria vaccine trials in adults
Authors: Neal Maxwell L. , Duffy Fergal J. , Du Ying , Aitchison John D. , Stuart Kenneth D.
Published: January 2022

Identifying preimmunization biological characteristics that promote an effective vaccine response offers opportunities for illuminating the critical immunological mechanisms that confer vaccine-induced protection, for developing adjuvant strategies, and for tailoring vaccination regimens to individuals or groups. In the context of malaria vaccine research, studying preimmunization correlates of protection can help address the need for a widely effective malaria vaccine, which remains elusive. In this study, common preimmunization correlates of protection were identified using transcriptomic data from four independent, heterogeneous malaria vaccine trials in adults. Systems-based analyses showed that a moderately elevated inflammatory state prior to immunization was associated with protection against malaria challenge. Functional profiling of protection-associated genes revealed the importance of several inflammatory pathways, including TLR signaling. These findings, which echo previous studies that associated enhanced preimmunization inflammation with protection, illuminate common baseline characteristics that set the stage for an effective vaccine response across diverse malaria vaccine strategies in adults.
Remote impacts of 2009 and 2015 El Niño on oceanic and biological processes in a marginal sea of the Northwestern Pacific
Authors: Jung Yoonho , Park Jae-Hun , Hirose Naoki , Yeh Sang-Wook , Kim Kuk Jin , Ha Ho Kyung
Published: January 2022

The significance of long-term teleconnections derived from the anomalous climatic conditions of El Niño has been a highly debated topic, where the remote response of coastal hydrodynamics and marine ecosystems to El Niño conditions is not completely understood. The 14-year long data from a ship-borne acoustic Doppler current profiler was used to examine the El Niño’s impact, in particular, 2009 and 2015 El Niño events, on oceanic and biological processes in coastal regions across the Korea/Tsushima Strait. Here, it was revealed that the summer volume transport could be decreased by 8.7% (from 2.46 ± 0.39 to 2.24 ± 0.26 Sv) due to the anomalous northerly winds in the developing year of El Niño. Furthermore, the fall mean volume backscattering strength could be decreased by 1.8% (from − 97.09 ± 2.14 to − 98.84 ± 2.10 dB) due to the decreased surface solar radiation after the El Niño events. Overall, 2009 and 2015 El Niño events remotely affected volume transport and zooplankton abundance across the Korea/Tsushima Strait through climatic teleconnections.
Prioritizing high-contact occupations raises effectiveness of vaccination campaigns
Authors: Nunner Hendrik , van de Rijt Arnout , Buskens Vincent
Published: January 2022

A twenty-year-old idea from network science is that vaccination campaigns would be more effective if high-contact individuals were preferentially targeted. Implementation is impeded by the ethical and practical problem of differentiating vaccine access based on a personal characteristic that is hard-to-measure and private. Here, we propose the use of occupational category as a proxy for connectedness in a contact network. Using survey data on occupation-specific contact frequencies, we calibrate a model of disease propagation in populations undergoing varying vaccination campaigns. We find that vaccination campaigns that prioritize high-contact occupational groups achieve similar infection levels with half the number of vaccines, while also reducing and delaying peaks. The paper thus identifies a concrete, operational strategy for dramatically improving vaccination efficiency in ongoing pandemics.
Characteristics and impact of environmental shaking in the Taipei metropolitan area
Authors: Chen Kate Huihsuan , Yeh Ting-Chen , Chen Yaochieh , Johnson Christopher W. , Lin Cheng-Horng , Lai Ya-Chuan , Shih Min-Hung , Guéguen Philippe , Huang Win-Gee , Huang Bor-Shouh , Chen Kou-Cheng , Lin Chin-Jen , Ku Chin-Shang
Published: January 2022

Examining continuous seismic data recorded by a dense broadband seismic network throughout Taipei shows for the first time, the nature of seismic noise in this highly populated metropolitan area. Using 140 broadband stations in a 50 km × 69 km area, three different recurring, strong noise signals characterized by dominant frequencies of 2–20 Hz, 0.25–1 Hz, and < 0.2 Hz are explored. At frequencies of 2–20 Hz, the seismic noise exhibits daily and weekly variations, and a quiescence during the Chinese New Year holidays. The largest amplitude occurred at a station located only 400 m from a traffic-roundabout, one of the busiest intersections in Taipei, suggesting a possible correlation between large amplitude and traffic flow. The median daily amplitude for the < 0.2 Hz and 0.2–1.0 Hz frequency bands is mostly synchronized with high similarity between stations, indicating that the sources are persistent oceanic or atmospheric perturbations across a large area. The daily amplitude for the > 2 Hz band, however, is low, indicating a local source that changes on shorter length scales. Human activities responsible for the 2–40 Hz energy in the city, we discovered, are able to produce amplitudes approximately 2 to 1500 times larger than natural sources. Using the building array deployed in TAIPEI 101, the tallest building in Taiwan, we found the small but repetitive ground vibration induced by traffic has considerable effect on the vibration behavior of the high-rise building. This finding urges further investigation not only on the dynamic and continuous interaction between vehicles, roads, and buildings, but also the role of soft sediment on such interaction.
Mott–Hubbard insulating state for the layered van der Waals $$\hbox {FePX}_3$$ (X: S, Se) as revealed by NEXAFS and resonant photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Jin Yichen , Yan Mouhui , Kremer Tomislav , Voloshina Elena , Dedkov Yuriy
Published: January 2022

A broad family of the nowadays studied low-dimensional systems, including 2D materials, demonstrate many fascinating properties, which however depend on the atomic composition as well as on the system dimensionality. Therefore, the studies of the electronic correlation effects in the new 2D materials is of paramount importance for the understanding of their transport, optical and catalytic properties. Here, by means of electron spectroscopy methods in combination with density functional theory calculations we investigate the electronic structure of a new layered van der Waals $$\hbox {FePX}_3$$

FePX
3

(X: S, Se) materials. Using systematic resonant photoelectron spectroscopy studies we observed strong resonant behavior for the peaks associated with the $$3d^{n-1}$$

3

d

n
-
1

final state at low binding energies for these materials. Such observations clearly assign $$\hbox {FePX}_3$$

FePX
3

to the class of Mott–Hubbard type insulators for which the top of the valence band is formed by the hybrid Fe-S/Se electronic states. These observations are important for the deep understanding of this new class of materials and draw perspectives for their further applications in different application areas, like (opto)spintronics and catalysis.
A mutation in transmembrane protein 135 impairs lipid metabolism in mouse eyecups
Authors: Landowski Michael , Bhute Vijesh J. , Takimoto Tetsuya , Grindel Samuel , Shahi Pawan K. , Pattnaik Bikash R. , Ikeda Sakae , Ikeda Akihiro
Published: January 2022

Aging is a significant factor in the development of age-related diseases but how aging disrupts cellular homeostasis to cause age-related retinal disease is unknown. Here, we further our studies on transmembrane protein 135 (Tmem135), a gene involved in retinal aging, by examining the transcriptomic profiles of wild-type, heterozygous and homozygous Tmem135 mutant posterior eyecup samples through RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). We found significant gene expression changes in both heterozygous and homozygous Tmem135 mutant mouse eyecups that correlate with visual function deficits. Further analysis revealed that expression of many genes involved in lipid metabolism are changed due to the Tmem135 mutation. Consistent with these changes, we found increased lipid accumulation in mutant Tmem135 eyecup samples. Since mutant Tmem135 mice have similar ocular pathologies as human age-related macular degeneration (AMD) eyes, we compared our homozygous Tmem135 mutant eyecup RNA-Seq dataset with transcriptomic datasets of human AMD donor eyes. We found similar changes in genes involved in lipid metabolism between the homozygous Tmem135 mutant eyecups and AMD donor eyes. Our study suggests that the Tmem135 mutation affects lipid metabolism as similarly observed in human AMD eyes, thus Tmem135 mutant mice can serve as a good model for the role of dysregulated lipid metabolism in AMD.
Oscillatory dynamics underlying noun and verb production in highly proficient bilinguals
Authors: Geng Shuang , Molinaro Nicola , Timofeeva Polina , Quiñones Ileana , Carreiras Manuel , Amoruso Lucia
Published: January 2022

Words representing objects (nouns) and words representing actions (verbs) are essential components of speech across languages. While there is evidence regarding the organizational principles governing neural representation of nouns and verbs in monolingual speakers, little is known about how this knowledge is represented in the bilingual brain. To address this gap, we recorded neuromagnetic signals while highly proficient Spanish–Basque bilinguals performed a picture-naming task and tracked the brain oscillatory dynamics underlying this process. We found theta (4–8 Hz) power increases and alpha–beta (8–25 Hz) power decreases irrespectively of the category and language at use in a time window classically associated to the controlled retrieval of lexico-semantic information. When comparing nouns and verbs within each language, we found theta power increases for verbs as compared to nouns in bilateral visual cortices and cognitive control areas including the left SMA and right middle temporal gyrus. In addition, stronger alpha–beta power decreases were observed for nouns as compared to verbs in visual cortices and semantic-related regions such as the left anterior temporal lobe and right premotor cortex. No differences were observed between categories across languages. Overall, our results suggest that noun and verb processing recruit partially different networks during speech production but that these category-based representations are similarly processed in the bilingual brain.
Isolated systolic hypertension and insulin resistance assessment tools in young and middle-aged Chinese men with normal fasting glucose: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Gu Qing , Meng Jian , Hu Xue , Ge Jun , Wang Sui Jun , Liu Xing Zhen
Published: January 2022

The vital role of insulin resistance (IR) in the pathogenesis of isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) has been expounded at the theoretical level. However, research on the correlation between some specific IR indicators and ISH is still rare, especially at different glycemic statuses. We conducted this study to explore the association between three IR indicators and ISH among young and middle-aged adults with normal fasting plasma glucose (NFG). This large cross-sectional study included 8246 young and middle-aged men with NFG and diastolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg. The homeostasis model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR) index, triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, and the metabolic score for IR (METS-IR) were calculated with the corresponding formula. The proportions of ISH among young and middle-aged men were 6.7% and 4.4%, respectively. After fully adjusting, only HOMA-IR rather than TyG and METS-IR was significantly associated with ISH. Moreover, fully adjusted smooth curve fitting showed that the association between HOMA-IR and ISH were approximately linear in both two age groups (P for non-linearity were 0.047 and 0.430 in young and middle-aged men, respectively). Among young and middle-aged men with NFG, using HOMA-IR instead of noninsulin-dependent IR indicators may have advantages in the hierarchical management of ISH. Further longitudinal research may be needed to determine their potential causal relationship.
Exceptional phonon point versus free phonon coupling in Zn1−xBexTe under pressure: an experimental and ab initio Raman study
Authors: Shoker M. B. , Alhaddad T. , Pagès O. , Torres V. J. B. , Postnikov A. V. , Polian A. , Hajj Hussein R. , Pradhan G. K. , Narayana C. , Gardiennet C. , Kervern G. , Nataf L. , Ravy S. , Itié J.-P. , Strzałkowski K. , Marasek A. , Firszt F.
Published: January 2022

Raman scattering and ab initio Raman/phonon calculations, supported by X-ray diffraction, are combined to study the vibrational properties of Zn1−xBexTe under pressure. The dependence of the Be–Te (distinct) and Zn–Te (compact) Raman doublets that distinguish between Be- and Zn-like environments is examined within the percolation model with special attention to x ~ (0,1). The Be-like environment hardens faster than the Zn-like one under pressure, resulting in the two sub-modes per doublet getting closer and mechanically coupled. When a bond is so dominant that it forms a matrix-like continuum, its two submodes freely couple on crossing at the resonance, with an effective transfer of oscillator strength. Post resonance the two submodes stabilize into an inverted doublet shifted in block under pressure. When a bond achieves lower content and merely self-connects via (finite/infinite) treelike chains, the coupling is undermined by overdamping of the in-chain stretching until a «phonon exceptional point» is reached at the resonance. Only the out-of-chain vibrations «survive» the resonance, the in-chain ones are «killed». This picture is not bond-related, and hence presumably generic to mixed crystals of the closing-type under pressure (dominant over the opening-type), indicating a key role of the mesostructure in the pressure dependence of phonons in mixed crystals.
Imaging and sensing of pH and chemical state with nuclear-spin-correlated cascade gamma rays via radioactive tracer
Authors: Shimazoe Kenji , Uenomachi Mizuki , Takahashi Hiroyuki
Published: January 2022

Single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron-emission tomography (PET) are highly sensitive molecular detection and imaging techniques that generally measure accumulation of radio-labeled molecules by detecting gamma rays. Quantum sensing of local molecular environment via spin, such as nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers, has also been reported. Here, we describe quantum sensing and imaging using nuclear-spin time-space correlated cascade gamma-rays via a radioactive tracer. Indium-111 (111In) is widely used in SPECT to detect accumulation using a single gamma-ray photon. The time-space distribution of two successive cascade gamma-rays emitted from an 111In atom carries significant information on the chemical and physical state surrounding molecules with double photon coincidence detection. We propose and demonstrate quantum sensing capability of local micro-environment (pH and chelating molecule) in solution along with radioactive tracer accumulation imaging, by using multiple gamma-rays time-and-energy detection. Local molecular environment is extracted through electric quadrupole hyperfine interaction in the intermediate nuclear spin state by the explicit distribution of sub-MeV gamma rays. This work demonstrates a proof of concept, and further work is necessary to increase the sensitivity of the technique for in vivo imaging and to study the effect of scattered radiation for possible application in nuclear medicine.
Depth prediction of nanotags in tissue using surface enhanced spatially offset Raman scattering (SESORS)
Authors: Berry Matthew E. , McCabe Samantha M. , Shand Neil C. , Graham Duncan , Faulds Karen
Published: January 2022

A model for the prediction of the depth of two ‘flavours’ of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) active nanotags embedded within porcine tissue is demonstrated using ratiometric analysis of the nanotag and tissue intensities in spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) measurements.
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeted singlet oxygen delivery via endoperoxide tethered ligands
Authors: Wang Lei , Tang Lei , Liu Yingjie , Wu Hao , Liu Ziang , Li Jin , Pan Yue , Akkaya Engin U.
Published: January 2022

A PSMA targeting ligand is functionalized with endoperoxides which thermally release singlet oxygen. The results show that this modular design results in significantly more cell death in PSMA-expressing prostate cancer cells.
Synthesis and modification of polymers by thiol-phenylsulfone substitution reaction
Authors: Wang Lun , Yu Qianyu , Liu Li , Zhao Hanying
Published: January 2022

Two phenylsulfonyl groups on a compound can be reacted with bisthiols under mild conditions and the nucleophilic substitution reaction is used in the synthesis and modification of polymers.
Endogenous cysteine fluorescence monitoring and its deployment in tumour demarcation
Authors: Yue Yongkang , Zhao Tingting , Ma Kaiqing , Huo Fangjun , Yin Caixia
Published: January 2022

A reversible cysteine-specific fluorescent probe allows for reliable monitoring of the free-cysteine concentration in cells under stress.
A cationic sulfur-hydrocarbon triradical with an excited quartet state
Authors: Tang Shuxuan , Ruan Huapeng , Hu Zhaobo , Zhao Yue , Song You , Wang Xinping
Published: January 2022

Crystalline sulfur-hydrocarbon triradical trication with doublet ground state.
Long-range supramolecular synthon polymorphism: a case study of two new polymorphic cocrystals of Ph2Te2–1,4-C6F4I2
Authors: Torubaev Yury V. , Skabitsky Ivan V. , Anisimov Aleksei A. , Ananyev Ivan V.
Published: January 2022

Two new polymorphic forms of Ph2Te2–1,4-C6F4I2 cocrystals feature an unusual packing of Ph2Te2 molecules, which is typical for native Ph2Se2 but not Ph2Te2. This suggests the existence the yet unknown, Ph2Se2-like polymorph of Ph2Te2.
Crystal structure, lattice dynamics and superexchange in MAgF3 1D antiferromagnets (M = K, Rb, Cs) and a Rb3Ag2F7 Ruddlesden–Popper phase
Authors: Koteras Kacper , Gawraczyński Jakub , Tavčar Gašper , Mazej Zoran , Grochala Wojciech
Published: January 2022

With the use of lattice dynamics calculation within the hybrid HSE06 framework we were able to understand the vibrational spectra of MAgF3 (M = K, Rb, Cs) compounds.
Binding of toluidine blue-myristic acid derivative to cucurbit[7]uril and human serum albumin: computational and biophysical insights towards a biosupramolecular assembly
Authors: Andrade-Villalobos Felipe , Zúñiga-Núñez Daniel , Fuentealba Denis , Fierro Angelica
Published: January 2022

Simulated supramolecular and biomolecular interactions provide insights on ternary photosensitizer-cucurbit[n]uril–protein complex formation.
Understanding the solid state luminescence and piezochromic properties in polymorphs of an anthracene derivative
Authors: Aziz Alex , Sidat Amir , Talati Priyesh , Crespo-Otero Rachel
Published: January 2022

Fundamental insights into the piezoluminescence of the two polymorphs of the molecular crystal BP4VA.
Reversible photo control of proton chemistry
Authors: Liao Yi
Published: January 2022

Control and drive functional systems with light and metastable state photoacids.
Electrochemical ruthenium-catalysed C–H activation in water through heterogenization of a molecular catalyst
Authors: Bühler Jan , Zurflüh Jonas , Siol Sebastian , Blacque Olivier , Sévery Laurent , Tilley S. David
Published: January 2022

The synthesis and characterisation of an immobilised molecular ruthenium catalyst for the selective oxidation of organic substrates in fully aqueous media with high selectivity over the competing oxygen evolution reaction is reported.
Enantiopure, luminescent, cyclometalated Ir(iii) complexes with N-heterocyclic carbene-naphthalimide chromophore: design, vibrational circular dichroism and TD-DFT calculations
Authors: Groué Antoine , Montier-Sorkine Eve , Cheng Yaping , Rager Marie Noelle , Jean Marion , Vanthuyne Nicolas , Crassous Jeanne , Lopez Amalia C. , Saavedra Moncada Alejandra , Barbieri Andrea , Cooksy Andrew L. , Amouri Hani
Published: January 2022

Chiral [Ir(N^C)2(C^C:)] complexes are described. At room temperature they act as emitters in the red and NIR regions. Their optical and chiroptical properties were studied. Remarkably VCD and TD-DFT allow us to ascertain their stereochemistry.
Multinuclear mesoionic 1,2,3-triazolylidene complexes: design, synthesis, and applications
Authors: Patricio-Rangel Emmanuel B. , Salazar-Pereda Verónica , Cortezano-Arellano Omar , Mendoza-Espinosa Daniel
Published: January 2022

In this short review article, recent progress on the design and synthesis of multinuclear triazolylidene complexes (di- to tetranuclear species) is discussed.
Liquid electrolyte development for low-temperature lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Hubble Dion , Brown David Emory , Zhao Yangzhi , Fang Chen , Lau Jonathan , McCloskey Bryan D. , Liu Gao
Published: January 2022

A review on liquid electrolyte design for LIBs operating under low-temperature (<0 °C) conditions. Covers various processes that determine performance below 0 °C and recent literature on electrolyte-based strategies to improve said performance.
Application of plasma for the removal of pharmaceuticals in synthetic urine
Authors: Rodriguez Enrique E. , Tarpeh William A. , Wigginton Krista R. , Love Nancy G.
Published: January 2022

Application of plasma oxidation for removal of pharmaceuticals in urine was assessed and compared to a traditional advanced oxidation process.
Correction: Electrochemical degradation of perfluoroalkyl acids by titanium suboxide anodes
Authors: Wang Yaye , Pierce Randall “David” , Shi Huanhuan , Li Chenguang , Huang Qingguo
Published: January 2022

Correction for ‘Electrochemical degradation of perfluoroalkyl acids by titanium suboxide anodes’ by Yaye Wang et al., Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol., 2020, 6, 144–152, DOI: 10.1039/C9EW00759H.
Mechanism of ice nucleation in liquid water on alkali feldspars
Authors: Keinert Alice , Deck Kathrin , Gaedeke Tilia , Leisner Thomas , Kiselev Alexei A.
Published: January 2022

Patches of (100) crystalline surface in perthite feldspars are confirmed to induce ice nucleation in liquid water and from water vapor.
Excess serum Na level in rats administered with high doses of (−)-epigallocatechin gallate-casein nanoparticles prepared with sodium caseinate
Authors: Zhang Yahui , Han Shuya , Wang Yin , Zhang Haihua , Yu Chenhuan , Qin Dingkui , Du Qizhen , Jin Peng
Published: January 2022

The 28-day oral toxicity test of 5.0 g per kg BW FD-EGCG-NPs on rats did not show any adverse effect. However, Na level in the serum of females and males treated with 10.0 g per kg BW FD-EGCG-NPs or FD-NPs significantly increased (P < 0.05).
Anti-inflammatory activity of peptides derived from millet bran in vitro and in vivo
Authors: He Rong , Liu Mengting , Zou Zhipeng , Wang Mingjie , Wang Zhigao , Ju Xingrong , Hao Guangfei
Published: January 2022

Various food-derived bioactive peptides have been found with potential anti-inflammatory effects.
A self-healing and recyclable poly(urea-imine) thermoset synthesized from CO2
Authors: Wu Peixuan , Wang Xinchao , Shi Ruhui , Cheng Haiyang , Zhao Fengyu
Published: January 2022

A new kind of poly(urea-imine) thermosets with high mechanical performances and self-healing, recyclable and degradable characteristics was synthesized with CO2as one building block.
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of a highly effective and safe perfluoro-alternative with a “weak site”: potassium 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-octafluoro-4-(perfluorobutoxy)butane-1-sulfonate
Authors: Guo Rui , Gao Yangguang , Liu Guoxing
Published: January 2022

A new type of potassium perfluoroether sulfonate can be synthesized using various methods from simple raw materials, and is expected to be used as an environmentally friendly perfluoroether substitute.
Quantification of anthropogenic TiO2 nanoparticles in soils and sediments combining size fractionation and trace element ratio
Authors: Philippe Allan , Bazoobandi Ahmad , Goeppert Nadine
Published: January 2022

Combining size fractionation with natural background correction using trace element ratio allows reducing the detection limit to environmentally relevant concentrations.
Point-of-care blood coagulation assay enabled by printed circuit board-based digital microfluidics
Authors: Li Donghao , Liu Xinyu , Chai Yujuan , Shan Jieying , Xie Yihan , Liang Yong , Huang Susu , Zheng Weidong , Li Zida
Published: January 2022

Using printed circuit board-based digital microfluidics, a point-of-care blood coagulation assay was developed to simultaneously assess the clotting tendency and the stiffness of the resultant blood clot.
Enhancing the material performance of chloroprene rubber (CR) by strategic incorporation of zirconia
Authors: Ambilkar Shubham C. , Dhakar Gopal Lal , Kapgate Bharat P. , Das Amit , Hait Sakrit , Gedam R. S. , Kasilingam Rajkumar , Das Chayan
Published: January 2022

Superior reinforcement effect along with other useful composite properties are offered by uniformly dispersed in situ incorporated zirconia in chloroprene rubber matrix.
Worm-like porous and defect-structured cadmium stannate photoanodes for enhanced solar water oxidation
Authors: Peng Pan , Wang Ping , Cai Zhengyang , Zhang Jiajia , Hu Yu , Xu Jingcheng , Wang Xianying
Published: January 2022

The importance of hybrid microwave annealing technology in ultrafast fabrication of deficient cadmium stannate photoanodes with a worm-like porous structure and significant enhancement of solar water oxidation performance and stability.
Theoretical investigation on the nature of substituted benzene⋯AuX interactions: covalent or noncovalent?
Authors: Shan Aiting , Li Xiaoyan , Zeng Yanli , Meng Lingpeng , Zhang Xueying
Published: January 2022

The nature of interactions between AuX (X = F, Cl, Br, CN, NO2, CH3) and aromatic moieties with different electronic properties has been investigated for possible tuning of coinage–metal bonds by varying the substituents.
Ligand centered redox enabled sustainable synthesis of triazines and pyrimidines using a zinc-stabilized azo-anion radical catalyst
Authors: Das Siuli , Mondal Rakesh , Guin Amit Kumar , Paul Nanda D.
Published: January 2022

Herein, we report multicomponent approaches for synthesizing pyrimidines and triazines using a Zn(ii)-stabilized azo-anion radical catalyst.
Achieving sandwich-like laminated composite materials for robust superhydrophobicity, rapid photochromism and photo-mask writable media
Authors: Zhang Guofeng , Huang Linqi , Yang Fuchao
Published: January 2022

Inspired by the superhydrophobicity of lotus leaves and the photochromic features of chameleons, the prepared PDMS@TKT possesses stable superhydrophobicity and fast-response reversible photochromic properties.
Exploring the potential therapeutic effect of Eucommia ulmoides–Dipsaci Radix herbal pair on osteoporosis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology
Authors: Feng Shuai , Wang Ting , Fan Liming , An Xinxin , Ding Xinli , Wang Minjuan , Zhai Xifeng , Cao Yanjun , He Jiao , Li Yang
Published: January 2022

This study elaborated the multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway interaction mechanism of Eucommia ulmoides-Dipsaci Radix herbal pair in the treatment of osteoporosis.
The sensing mechanism of a flavone-based ESIPT fluorescent chemodosimeter for selective recognition towards fluoride: a theoretical
Authors: Wei Ran , Jia Lifeng , Jia Xueli , Zhai Hongsheng
Published: January 2022

The sensing mechanism of 3-hydroxyflavone-based (3-HF) fluorescent chemodosimeter 3-triisopropylsilylflavone (3-TPSF) for detecting fluoride (F−) has been theoretically investigated.
Camphor sulfonic acid incorporation in SnO2/polyaniline nanocomposites for improved thermoelectric energy conversion
Authors: Debnath Ajit , Das Jayanta , Deb Krishna , Bhowmik Kartick L. , Saha Biswajit
Published: January 2022

To modulate carrier transport and hence thermoelectric properties, a facile approach has been undertaken by incorporating tin dioxide (SnO2) in polyaniline (PANI) and subsequent treatment with camphor sulfonic acid (CSA).
Quantifying the effects of cooperative hydrogen bonds between vicinal diols on polymer dynamics
Authors: Nakagawa Shintaro , Xia Jun , Yoshie Naoko
Published: January 2022

Rheological analyses revealed that placing two hydroxy groups adjacent to each other efficiently retards the supramolecular polymer dynamics.
Low-temperature annealed methylammonium-free perovskites prepared under ambient conditions in C electrode-based perovskite solar cells
Authors: Bidikoudi Maria , Dracopoulos Vassilios , Stathatos Elias
Published: January 2022

A study of the optimization of methylammonium (MA) free perovskite compositions, targeted for their application in hole transport layer (HTL) free perovskite solar cells with a carbon electrode (C-PSCs), is presented.
Monitoring the CO2 enhanced oil recovery process at the nanoscale: an in situ neutron scattering study
Authors: Stefanopoulos Konstantinos L. , Favvas Evangelos P. , Karanikolos Georgios N. , Alameri Waleed , Kelessidis Vassilios C. , Youngs Tristan G. A. , Bowron Daniel T.
Published: January 2022

Monitoring the dynamics of CO2-EOR, the pore accessibility and the structural properties of confined CO2 with neutron scattering.
Activation of O2 across a C(sp3)–C(sp3) bond
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Richter Stefan , Maity Suvendu , Sarkar Pallavi , Chrysochos Nicolas , Pati Swapan K. , Ghosh Prasanta , Schulzke Carola , Jana Anukul
Published: January 2022

Molecular dioxygen is activated across the C(sp3)–C(sp3) bond of a piperazine derivative. This unprecedented reaction proceeds without any catalyst and at ambient condition yielding a 8-membered cyclic organic peroxide.
IKKα plays a major role in canonical NF-κB signalling in colorectal cells
Authors: Prescott Jack A. , Balmanno Kathryn , Mitchell Jennifer P. , Okkenhaug Hanneke , Cook Simon J.
Published: January 2022

Inhibitor of kappa B (IκB) kinase β (IKKβ) has long been viewed as the dominant IKK in the canonical nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signalling pathway, with IKKα being more important in non-canonical NF-κB activation. Here we have investigated the role of IKKα and IKKβ in canonical NF-κB activation in colorectal cells using CRISPR–Cas9 knock-out cell lines, siRNA and selective IKKβ inhibitors. IKKα and IKKβ were redundant for IκBα phosphorylation and turnover since loss of IKKα or IKKβ alone had little (SW620 cells) or no (HCT116 cells) effect. However, in HCT116 cells IKKα was the dominant IKK required for basal phosphorylation of p65 at S536, stimulated phosphorylation of p65 at S468, nuclear translocation of p65 and the NF-κB-dependent transcriptional response to both TNFα and IL-1α. In these cells, IKKβ was far less efficient at compensating for the loss of IKKα than IKKα was able to compensate for the loss of IKKβ. This was confirmed when siRNA was used to knock-down the non-targeted kinase in single KO cells. Critically, the selective IKKβ inhibitor BIX02514 confirmed these observations in WT cells and similar results were seen in SW620 cells. Notably, whilst IKKα loss strongly inhibited TNFα-dependent p65 nuclear translocation, IKKα and IKKβ contributed equally to c-Rel nuclear translocation indicating that different NF-κB subunits exhibit different dependencies on these IKKs. These results demonstrate a major role for IKKα in canonical NF-κB signalling in colorectal cells and may be relevant to efforts to design IKK inhibitors, which have focused largely on IKKβ to date.
Do Mothers and Fathers of Egyptian Stuttering Children View Stuttering Differently?
Authors: Mostafa Eman , St. Louis Kenneth O. , El-Adawy Ahlam Abdel-Salam , Emam Ahmed Mamdouh , Elbarody Zahra Moemen
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

Limited research has shown that knowing or interacting with a person who stutters facilitates more positive attitudes toward stuttering. This is true when the stuttering person is a close friend or a family member. The study sought to determine if Egyptian mothers held different stuttering attitudes than fathers as joint parents of children who stuttered.

Method:

Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes–Stuttering
results of 25 mothers and 25 fathers of the same children who stuttered were compared. Also, children's severity scores were correlated with their parents' attitudes.

Results:

There were no significant differences between mothers' and fathers' stuttering attitudes; however, an unexpected trend for more positive attitudes of fathers was observed. Weak relationships between children's stuttering severity and their parents' attitudes existed, with slightly higher correlations for the fathers.

Conclusion:

Nonsignificant trends for slightly more positive attitudes for fathers than mothers should be explored in larger sample sizes in order to answer the question “Should information provided for parents of children who stutter be different or differently presented to mothers versus fathers?”
Modeling and analysis of driver behaviour under shared control through weighted visual and haptic guidance
Authors: Wang Zheng , Zheng Rencheng , Nacpil Edric John Cruz , Nakano Kimihiko
Published: January 2022

Driver–automation shared control through haptic steering is developed to reduce the workload of drivers while keeping them in the control loop. For the optimum design of a haptic steering system, an understanding of driver behaviour based on measurements and modeling is crucial early in the development process. This paper aims to propose a driver model using a weighting process of visual guidance from the road ahead and haptic guidance from a steering system for a lane‐following task. The proposed weighting process describes the interaction and reliance of drivers in relation to haptic guidance steering. A driving simulator experiment is conducted to identify the model parameters for driving manually and with haptic guidance. The proposed driver model matched the driver input torque with reasonable fitness among 14 participants after considering individual differences. The validation results reveal that the output trajectory from the model effectively followed the driving course by matching the measured trajectory from the drivers. The model evaluation results reveal the potential of the proposed driver model to be applied to the design and evaluation of haptic guidance systems.
Origin of the spectacular tidal shells of galaxy NGC 474
Authors: Bílek Michal , Fensch Jérémy , Ebrová Ivana , Nagesh Srikanth T. , Famaey Benoit , Duc Pierre-Alain , Kroupa Pavel
Published: January 2022

Context.The lenticular galaxy NGC 474 hosts a rich system of tidal shells and streams, some of which are exceptionally bright. Two teams recently presented spectroscopic observations of the brightest shells. These were the first shell spectra ever observed in integrated starlight. The authors studied the stellar populations of the shell, of the center of the galaxy, and of its globular clusters. The precise formation scenario for the tidal features of this prominent galaxy still remained unclear, however.

Aims.Here, we add further clues on their formation from the radii of the shells, and we present a scenario for the formation of the tidal features that seems to be unique and can explain all available data.

Methods.Shell radii were analyzed with the shell identification method, and we ran self-consistent simulations of the formation of the tidal features. We considered Newtonian as well as MOND gravity.

Results.Observations suggest that the tidal features originate from the accretion of a spiral galaxy. According to the shell identification method, the merging galaxies first collided 1.3 Gyr ago and then again 0.9 Gyr ago, thereby forming the shells in two generations. This would also explain the young ages of stellar populations in the center of the galaxy and the young age of the globular clusters. The analytic models of shell propagation that underlie the shell identification method are verified by a simulation. The simulations reproduce the observed morphology of the tidal features well. The accreted spiral likely reached NGC 474 on the plane of the sky nearly radially from the south, its rotation axis pointing toward us. It probably had a stellar mass of about one-sixth of NGC 474, that is, 109.8 M⊙. Apparently, all tidal features in the galaxy originate from one merger.
Stellar population astrophysics (SPA) with the TNG
Authors: Fanelli C. , Origlia L. , Oliva E. , Dalessandro E. , Mucciarelli A. , Sanna N.
Published: January 2022

Context. The Perseus complex in the outer disk of the Galaxy hosts a number of clusters and associations of young stars. Gaia is providing a detailed characterization of their kinematic structure and evolutionary properties.

Aims. Within the SPA Large Program at the TNG, we secured HARPS-N and GIANO-B high-resolution optical and near-infrared (NIR) spectra of the young red supergiant (RSG) stars in the Perseus complex in order to obtain accurate radial velocities, stellar parameters, and detailed chemical abundances.

Methods. We used spectral synthesis to best fit hundreds of atomic and molecular lines in the spectra of the observed 27 RSGs. We obtained accurate estimates of the stellar temperature, gravity, micro- and macroturbulence velocities, and chemical abundances for 25 different elements. We also measured the 12C/13C abundance ratio.

Results. Our combined optical and NIR chemical study provides homogeneous half-solar iron with a low dispersion, about solar-scaled abundance ratios for the iron-peak, alpha-, and other light elements, and a low enhancement of Na, K, and neutron-capture elements. This is consistent with the thin-disk chemistry traced by older stellar populations at a similar galactocentric distance of about 10 kpc. We inferred an enhancement of N and a depletion of C and of the 12C/13C isotopic abundance ratio that are consistent with mixing processes in the stellar interiors during the RSG evolution.
Mass of the dynamically hot inner stellar halo predicts the ancient accreted stellar mass
Authors: Zhu Ling , Pillepich Annalisa , van de Ven Glenn , Leaman Ryan , Hernquist Lars , Nelson Dylan , Pakmor Ruediger , Vogelsberger Mark , Zhang Le
Published: January 2022

Galactic dynamical structures are fossil records of the assembly histories of galaxies. By analyzing the cosmological hydrodynamical simulation TNG50, we find that a dynamical structure that we call the “hot inner stellar halo”, defined by stars on dynamically hot orbits with circularity λz < 0.5 at 3.5 kpc < r ≲ 2 Re, is a strong indicator of the mass of accreted satellite galaxies. We find a strong correlation between the mass of this hot inner stellar halo and the total ex situ stellar mass. There is a similarly strong correlation with the stellar mass of the most massive secondary galaxy ever merged. These TNG50 correlations are compatible with those predicted by other simulations, for example by TNG100 across the whole mass range under study (galaxy stellar masses, M*, in the 1010.3 − 11.6 M⊙ range) and by EAGLE for M* ≳ 1010.6 M⊙ galaxies. This shows that our predictions are robust across different galaxy formation and feedback models and hold across a wide range of numerical resolution. The hot inner stellar halo is a product of massive and typically ancient mergers, with inner-halo stars exhibiting three main physical origins: accreted and stripped from massive satellites, dynamically heated by mergers from the bulge and/or disk in the main progenitor, and formed from star formation triggered during mergers. The mass of the hot inner stellar halo defined in this paper is a quantity that can be robustly obtained for real galaxies by applying a population-orbit superposition method to integral-field-unit spectroscopy data, out to a distance of ∼2 Re, which is possible with current observations. Hence, this paper shows that integral-field-unit observations and dynamical models of the inner regions of galaxies provide a way to quantitatively determine the mass of ancient accreted satellites.
A bivalent vaccine of Eimeria media and Eimeria intestinalis yields protective immunity against coccidiosis during rabbit production
Authors: Hamid Penny Humaidah , Nugroho Widagdo Sri , Prastowo Sigit , Widayanti Rini
Published: January 2022

Coccidiosis is the costliest disease in the rabbit industry. The kits do not obtain maternal immunity against the diseases and therefore suckling to weaning period being the riskiest time of infection. To date, control of coccidiosis is relied on the use of chemical coccidiostat as a drug or as the substance in feed. Whilst, continuous exposure to antibiotics develops resistance and contamination in the carcass. There is no commercially provided vaccine to prevent rabbit coccidiosis cases. In this report, we processed precocious lines from the strain of Yogyakarta origin by using selection pressure to attenuate Eimeria spp. The vaccine candidate composed of 50% of each Eimeria media and Eimeria intestinalis were given orally to initiate protective immunity against rabbit coccidiosis. The vaccinated groups with 5 x 102 oocyst dosage exhibited 95% less total oocyst excretion compared to the non-vaccinated group. Our experiment showed no mortality and without any significantly detrimental response of vaccinated rabbits during the observation time (P<0.0001). Since the oocysts in the vaccinated rabbits are excreted in dropped faecal samples, it provides recirculation and provokes a group immunity within the flock. A vaccine candidate is a promising tool as a more environmentally friendly strategy for sustainable rabbit production.
Monomorphic allele rs109231213 in 3’UTR PLAG1 gene in purebred of Bali cattle (Bos javanicus)
Authors: Sutikno Sutikno , Munyaneza Jean Pierre , Asmarasari Santiananda Arta , Jakaria Jakaria
Published: January 2022

The mutation rs109231213 that is located in 3’UTR of PLAG1 gene is associated with the growth and body weight in several Bos taurus and Bos indicus breeds. This study aimed to identify SNP rs109231213 in Bali cattle (Bos javanicus). The study used 41 samples of Bali cattle. The PLAG1 gene polymorphism was analyzed using PCR and direct sequencing methods. PCR pimers were 5’- TTGCACAGAATCAGTGTGTC-3’ and 5’- AGCCTAACGTGGATCTATGG-3’. The results showed that primers successfully amplified the 331 bp fragment at annealing 60°C that contained rs109231213. SNP was monomorphic in Bali cattle with one allele (G). This study concludes that rs109231213 in 3’UTR of PLAG1 gene can be used as specific marker in purebred of Bali cattle that have never been crossed with Bos taurus and Bos indicus.
Volatile fatty acids concentration and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis of concentrate cassava peel diet with different levels of protein sources
Authors: Saputra Arya Dwi , Kusmartono Kusmartono , Mashudi Mashudi , Ndaru Poespitasari Hazanah
Published: January 2022

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of protein sources in a concentrate cassava peel diet on volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis (EMPS) by in vitro method. The five diet treatments in this study consisted of cassava meal (CM), cassava peel (CP), cassava leaves (CL) and moringa leaves (ML) with the proportion applied were T1=CM70% + CP20% + CL5% + ML5%; T2=CM60% + CP20% + CL10% + ML10%; T3=CM50% + CP20% + CL15% + ML15%; T4=CM40% + CP20% + CL20% + ML20%; T5=CM30% + CP20% + CL25% + ML25%. The experiment used a randomized block design with five treatments and three replications. The results showed that increasing the level of protein sources in the ration tended to increase the value of total VFA, acetate, propionate, CO2, and CH4 in which T3 had the highest values. However, the effect of treatments were significant in EMPS value (P<0.01). It was concluded that increasing levels of cassava and moringa leaves in the concentrate cassava peel diet tended to increase the value of total VFA, acetate, propionate, butyrate, CO2, and CH4 which led to a significant increase in EMPS values.
Biological test of compost made of rabbit faeces and the addition of banana peels on the vegetative growth of Morus alba and Arachis pintoi
Authors: Cholis Nur , Nursita Ita Wahju
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this research was to determine vegetative growth performance of Morus alba and Arachis pintoi with different percentages of compost mixture (rabbit feces and kepok banana (Musa paradisiaca Linn) peels) and soil as media. The materials used was 72 Morus alba stacks, rabbit faeces, kepok banana peels, and Azotobacter culture as decomposer. This research was conducted by Completely Randomized Design with 4 treatments and 6 replications. The treatments were T0 (100% soil), T1 (20% of compost and 80% of soil), T2 (40% of compost and 60% of soil), and T3 (60% of compost and 40% of soil). The data was analysed using analysis of variance, followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) if the results are significantly different. The treatment gave higher leaves number, roots weight, and roots length (P<0.05) in Morus alba. Same also on plant length, branches number and wet weight (P<0.05) of Arachis pintoi. The conclusion of this research is that the application of organic compost based on rabbit manure and banana peel with Azotobacter microbial culture decomposer can improve the growth performance of Morus alba and Arachis pintoi. The best level was T1 with 20% of compost and 80% of soil.
The effect of meniran extract (Phyllanthus niruri L.) addition on viscosity, foam overrun, foam stability and foam’s microscopic of nano whey protein isolate
Authors: Saragih Winda Fransisca , Manab Abdul , Sawitri Manik Eirry , Rahayu Premy Puspitawati , Andriani Ria Dewi
Published: January 2022

Meniran is an Indonesian herbal plant which has health benefits due to its bioactive compounds. It can be applied to food product, whey protein isolate, were easily absorbed for body. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of meniran extract addition to nano whey protein isolate on viscosity, foam overrun, foam stability and foam’s microscopic. Data collection method was laboratory experiment with 4 treatments of different meniran extract addition levels which consisted of P0 (without meniran extract), P1 (30 ug/mL), P2 (60 ug/mL) and P3 (90 ug/mL) which repeated 3 replications respectively. Experiment was designed by Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The data was analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), if there were significantly differences, it would be continued by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that meniran extract addition to nano whey protein isolate gave significant effect (P<0.05) on viscosity. However, there was no effect on foam overrun and stability. It is concluded that the addition of meniran extract P3 (90 ug/mL) to nano whey protein isolate resulted in viscosity and foam’s microscopic (stable, uniform and thick).
Relationship of motility and acrosome reaction on sexing sperm in Ongole Crossbred bull
Authors: Yekti Aulia Puspita Anugra , Mustofa Rifai , Lutfi Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Artificial insemination using sexing semen is expected to produce calves with the desired sex. One sexing sperm method is the percoll density gradient centrifugation method. This study aimed to determine the changes and the relationship between motility and acrosome reaction after sexing process using percoll density gradient centrifugation. The material used was semen of ±5 years old Ongole crossbred bull with a bodyweight of ±700 kg as many as three bulls with mass motility 2+ and individual motility 70%. The method used was to compare fresh semen with sexed semen after the cooling process. Parameters measured were motility characters using CASA analysis, which included motility parameters, progressive motility, capacitation, and no acrosome reaction. Statistical analysis used paired T-test to distinguish among fresh semen, after sexing and cooling process. In comparison, regression and correlation were used to analyze the relationship of capacitation and hyperactivation sperm with no acrosomal reaction with motility and progressive motility. The results showed that motility and progressive motility decreased after the sexing and cooling process. Meanwhile, the acrosomal reaction, capacitation, and hyperactivity increased.