bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation System for COVID-19 Vaccine Transportation Quality Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Lin Hung-Lung , Ma Yu-Yu , Lin Chin-Tsai
Published: September 2023

COVID-19 vaccines have become pivotal in combating the pandemic since 2019. However, risks stemming from human errors, equipment malfunctions, and emergencies during cold-chain transportation can jeopardize vaccine security without effective safety standards. To ensure COVID-19 vaccine transportation safety, efficiency, and quality while mitigating risks, this study employed the modified Delphi method (MDM) to create a cold-chain vaccine transportation quality evaluation system. With the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), it then ranked indicator importance. The system comprises 5 criteria and 26 sub-criteria, highlighting factors like local weather conditions, topography, road characteristics, cold-chain logistics standardization, and national economic development. These significantly impact vaccine transport quality and risk. Regional authorities are advised to address these high-priority indicators by enhancing equipment, refining operational procedures, strengthening monitoring, offering training, etc. This comprehensive approach could minimize potential transportation setbacks, ensuring vaccine safety and quality. Crucially, this system offers valuable insights for health policies, transportation bodies, and companies. It sets safety benchmarks for cold-chain vaccine transportation and can be extended to other vaccines or medicines. This contribution is pivotal for future vaccine transportation management.
New Criteria for Starlikness and Convexity of a Certain Family of Integral Operators
Authors: Srivastava Hari M. , Alavi Rogayeh , Shams Saeid , Aghalary Rasoul , Joshi Santosh B.
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we first modify one of the most famous theorems on the principle of differential subordination to hold true for normalized analytic functions with a fixed initial Taylor-Maclaurin coefficient. By using this modified form, we generalize and improve several results, which appeared recently in the literature on the geometric function theory of complex analysis. We also prove some simple conditions for starlikeness, convexity, and the strong starlikeness of several one-parameter families of integral operators, including (for example) a certain μ-convex integral operator and the familiar Bernardi integral operator.
Optimal Control of a Two-Patch Dengue Epidemic under Limited Resources
Authors: Barrios-Rivera Edwin , Vasilieva Olga , Svinin Mikhail
Published: September 2023

Despite the ongoing preventive measures of vector control, dengue fever still presents outbreaks, and daily commuting of people also facilitates its propagation. To contain the disease spread after an outbreak has already occurred, the local healthcare authorities are compelled to perform insecticide spraying as a corrective measure of vector control, thus trying to avoid massive human infections. Several issues concerned with the practical implementation of such corrective measures can be solved from a mathematical standpoint, and the purpose of this study is to contribute to this strand of research. Using as a basis a two-patch dengue transmission ODE model, we designed the patch-dependent optimal strategies for the insecticide spraying with the optimal control approach. We also analyzed the response of the optimal strategies to three alternative modes of budget cuts under different intensities of daily commuting. Our approach illustrated that trying “to save money” by reducing the budget for corrective control is completely unwise, and the anticipated “savings” will actually turn into considerable additional public spending for treating human infections, which could have been averted by a timely corrective intervention.
Two New Components from an Association of Marine Sponges Poecillastra sp. and Jaspis sp. and Their Inhibitory Effects on Biomarkers for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Hwang Buyng Su , Lee Sangbum , Jeong Eun Ju , Rho Jung-Rae
Published: September 2023

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), characterized by the enlargement of the prostate gland and subsequent lower urinary tract symptoms, poses a significant health concern for aging men with increasing prevalence. Extensive efforts encompassing in vitro and in vivo models are underway to identify novel and effective agents for the management and treatment of BPH. Research endeavors are primarily channeled toward assessing the potential of compounds to inhibit cell proliferation, curb inflammation, and display anti-androgenic activity. Notably, through screening aimed at inhibiting 5-alpha reductase type 2 (5αR2) in human prostatic cells, two acyl compounds (1 and 2) were isolated from a bioactive fraction sourced from an association of marine sponges Poecillastra sp. and Jaspis sp. The complete structure of 1 was determined as (Z)-dec-3-enony (2S, 3S)-capreomycidine, ascertained by JBCA and ECD comparison. While the absolute configurations of 2 remained unassigned, it was identified as a linkage of a 2, 7S*-dihydoxy-9R*-methyloctadecanoyl group with the 2-amino position of a tramiprosate moiety referred to as homotaurine. Evaluation of both compounds encompassed the assessment of their inhibitory effects on key biomarkers (5αR2, AR, PSA, and PCNA) associated with BPH in testosterone propionate (TP)-activated LNCap and RWPE-1 cells.
Unruh Entropy of a Schwarzschild Black Hole
Authors: Teslyk Maksym , Teslyk Olena , Bravina Larissa , Zabrodin Evgeny
Published: September 2023

The entropy produced by Unruh radiation is estimated and compared to the entropy of a Schwarzschild black hole. We simulate a spherical system of mass M by a set of Unruh horizons and estimate the total entropy of the outgoing radiation. Dependence on the mass and spin of the emitted particles is taken into account. The obtained results can be easily extended to any other intrinsic degrees of freedom of outgoing particles. The ratio of Unruh entropy to the Schwarzschild black hole entropy is derived in exact analytical form. For large black holes, this ratio exhibits high susceptibility to quantum numbers, e.g., spin s, of emitted quanta and varies from 0% for s=0 to 19.0% for s=5/2.
Plasma Polymerized Organosilicon Thin Films for Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Detection
Authors: Dakroub Ghadi , Duguet Thomas , Lacaze-Dufaure Corinne , Roualdes Stéphanie , van der Lee Arie , Rebiscoul Diane , Rouessac Vincent
Published: September 2023

Plasma polymerized (PP) thin films deposited in a soft or intermediate plasma discharge from hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) were developed as sensors for the detection of volatile organic compound (VOC) vapors. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray reflectometry (XRR) were performed to determine the organosilicon films’ elemental composition and density. Spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements were carried out to determine the refractive index of the films. Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and ellipsometry coupled to vapor sorption were used to investigate the sorption mechanism of several VOC vapors into the films as a function of the plasma deposition conditions. The density and the refractive index of the PP-HMDSO films increased with the plasma energy due to a different chemical composition and different proportion of free volumes in the material network. The PP-HMDSO films showed different affinities towards the VOC vapors depending on the plasma discharge energy. The films elaborated in the lowest plasma energy revealed a good sensitivity towards the VOCs, especially toluene (one of the BTEX vapors), compared to the other films deposited under higher plasma energy. In addition, the selectivity between toluene and other non-BTEX VOCs such as heptane and ethanol decreased to become zero while increasing the plasma energy.
Treatment Wetland with Thalia geniculata for Wastewater Depuration in the Department of Sucre, Colombia
Authors: Vergara-Flórez Vicente , Mieles-Galindo Jorge , Nani Graciela , Sandoval-Herazo Mayerlin , Sandoval Herazo Luis Carlos
Published: September 2023

Municipal and industrial wastewater discharge is a longstanding environmental problem that pollutes water bodies, affecting both the landscape and human health. In the department of Sucre, Colombia, nearby urban sewage is discharged into the Arroyo Grande de la Sabana, and only Sincelejo city has a treatment system in place. Therefore, it is critical to identify effective treatment methods for removing contaminants from water. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of a constructed wetland (CW) with horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF) planted with Thalia geniculata for treating wastewater from the Arroyo Grande de la Sabana in Sucre, Colombia. The study investigated the effectiveness of a constructed wetland planted with Thalia geniculata for treating wastewater from the Arroyo Grande de la Sabana in Sucre, Colombia. Two different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 3 and 5 days were tested, and the plant population density was analyzed to determine the better adaptation of plants to the constructed wetlands. The results showed that on the fifth day of treatment, nitrate concentrations decreased by 33.22%, nitrite by 93.04%, and phosphate by 95.66%. Additionally, the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) values decreased by 97.27% and 80.27%, respectively. On the third day of retention, turbidity, and total suspended solids (TSS) in the water decreased by 90.13% and 83.08%, respectively. The study concluded that the 5-day HRT was most effective in removing contaminants such as nitrites, nitrates, and phosphates, while the 3-day HRT was more efficient for TSS, turbidity, total coliforms (TCs), and fecal coliforms (FCs).
Real-Time Video Super-Resolution with Spatio-Temporal Modeling and Redundancy-Aware Inference
Authors: Wang Wenhao , Liu Zhenbing , Lu Haoxiang , Lan Rushi , Zhang Zhaoyuan
Published: September 2023

Video super-resolution aims to generate high-resolution frames from low-resolution counterparts. It can be regarded as a specialized application of image super-resolution, serving various purposes, such as video display and surveillance. This paper proposes a novel method for real-time video super-resolution. It effectively exploits spatial information by utilizing the capabilities of an image super-resolution model and leverages the temporal information inherent in videos. Specifically, the method incorporates a pre-trained image super-resolution network as its foundational framework, allowing it to leverage existing expertise for super-resolution. A fast temporal information aggregation module is presented to further aggregate temporal cues across frames. By using deformable convolution to align features of neighboring frames, this module takes advantage of inter-frame dependency. In addition, it employs a hierarchical fast spatial offset feature extraction and a channel attention-based temporal fusion. A redundancy-aware inference algorithm is developed to reduce computational redundancy by reusing intermediate features, achieving real-time inferring speed. Extensive experiments on several benchmarks demonstrate that the proposed method can reconstruct satisfactory results with strong quantitative performance and visual qualities. The real-time inferring ability makes it suitable for real-world deployment.
Electric Bus Pedal Misapplication Detection Based on Phase Space Reconstruction Method
Authors: Lyu Aihong , Li Kunchen , Zhang Yali , Mu Kai , Luo Wenbin
Published: September 2023

Due to the environmental protection of electric buses, they are gradually replacing traditional fuel buses. Several previous studies have found that accidents related to electric vehicles are linked to Unintended Acceleration (UA), which is mostly caused by the driver pressing the wrong pedal. Therefore, this study proposed a Model for Detecting Pedal Misapplication in Electric Buses (MDPMEB). In this work, natural driving experiments for urban electric buses and pedal misapplication simulation experiments were carried out in a closed field; furthermore, a phase space reconstruction method was introduced, based on chaos theory, to map sequence data to a high-dimensional space in order to produce normal braking and pedal misapplication image datasets. Based on these findings, a modified Swin Transformer network was built. To prevent the model from overfitting when considering small sample data and to improve the generalization ability of the model, it was pre-trained using a publicly available dataset; moreover, the weights of the prior knowledge model were loaded into the model for training. The proposed model was also compared to machine learning and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) algorithms. This study showed that this model was able to detect normal braking and pedal misapplication behavior accurately and quickly, and the accuracy rate on the test dataset is 97.58%, which is 9.17% and 4.5% higher than the machine learning algorithm and CNN algorithm, respectively.
Assessment of Carbon Sequestration Capacity of E. ulmoides in Ruyang County and Its Ecological Suitability Zoning Based on Satellite Images of GF-6
Authors: Wang Juan , Wei Xinxin , Sun Shuying , Li Minhui , Shi Tingting , Zhang Xiaobo
Published: September 2023

Eucommia ulmoides Oliver. (E. ulmoides) is a species of small tree native to China. It is a valuable medicinal herb that can be used to treat Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, hypertension, and other diseases. In addition, E. ulmoides is a source of rubber. It has both medicinal and ecological value. As ecological problems become increasingly prominent, accurate information on the cultivated area of E. ulmoides is important for understanding the carbon sequestration capacity and ecological suitability zoning of E. ulmoides. In previous tree mapping studies, no studies on the spectral characteristics of E. ulmoides and its remote sensing mapping have been seen. We use Ruyang County, Henan Province, China, as the study area. Firstly, using the 2021 Gao Fen-6 (GF-6) Wide Field of View (WFV) time series images covering the different growth stages of E. ulmoides based on the participation of red-edge bands, several band combination schemes were constructed. The optimal time window to identify E. ulmoides was selected by calculating the separability of E. ulmoides from other land cover types for different schemes. Secondly, a random forest algorithm based on several band combination schemes was investigated to map the E. ulmoides planting areas in Ruyang County. Thirdly, the annual NPP values of E. ulmoides were estimated using an improved Carnegie Ames Stanford Approach (CASA) to a light energy utilization model, which, in turn, was used to assess the carbon sequestration capacity. Finally, the ecologically suitable distribution zone of E. ulmoides under near current and future (2041–2060) climatic conditions was predicted using the MaxEnt model. The results showed that the participation of the red-edge band of the GF-6 data in the classification could effectively improve the recognition accuracy of E. ulmoides, making its overall accuracy reach 96.62%; the high NPP value of E. ulmoides was mainly concentrated in the south of Ruyang County, with a total annual carbon sequestration of 540.104835 t CM−2·a−1. The ecological suitability zone of E. ulmoides can be divided into four classes: unsuitable area, low suitable area, medium suitable area, and high suitable area. The method proposed in this paper applies to the real-time monitoring of E. ulmoides, highlighting its potential ecological value and providing theoretical reference and data support for the reasonable layout of E. ulmoides.
Microwave Absolute Distance Measurement Method with Ten-Micron-Level Accuracy and Meter-Level Range Based on Frequency Domain Interferometry
Authors: Tang Longhuang , Jia Xing , Ma Heli , Liu Shenggang , Chen Yongchao , Tao Tianjiong , Chen Long , Wu Jian , Li Chengjun , Wang Xiang , Weng Jidong
Published: September 2023

A microwave absolute distance measurement method with ten-micron-level accuracy and meter-level range based on frequency domain interferometry is proposed and experimentally demonstrated for the first time. Theoretical analysis indicates that an interference phenomenon occurs instantaneously in the frequency domain when combining two homologous broad-spectrum microwave beams with different paths, and the absolute value of the distance difference between the two paths is only inversely proportional to the period of frequency domain interference fringes. The proof-of-principle experiments were performed to prove that the proposed method can achieve absolute distance measurement in the X-band with standard deviations of 15 μm, 17 μm, and 26 μm and within ranges of 1.69 m, 2.69 m, and 3.75 m. Additionally, a displacement resolution of 100 microns was realized. The multi-target recognition performance was also verified in principle. Furthermore, at the expense of a slight decrease in ranging accuracy, a fast distance measurement with the single measurement time of 20 μs was achieved by using a digitizer combined with a Fourier transform analyzer. Compared with the current microwave precision ranging technologies, the proposed method not only has the advantages of high precision, large range, and rapid measurement capability, but the required components are also easily obtainable commercial devices. The proposed method also has better complex engineering applicability, because the ten-micron-level ranging accuracy is achievable only by using a simple Fourier transform without any phase estimation algorithm, which greatly reduces the requirement for signal-to-noise ratio.
An Assessment of Environmental RF Noise Due to IoT Deployment
Authors: Ingala Dominique G. K. , Pillay Nelendran , Pillay Aritha
Published: September 2023

The advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) has contributed to an increase in the production volume of RF-featured equipment. According to statistics from the literature, the IoT industry will soon deploy billions of products. While the concept behind these applications seems exciting, this paper sought to assess the effects the radio emissions produced by IoT products would have on the ambient radio noise levels within the unlicensed frequency bands of 433 MHz, 868 MHz, and 2.4 GHz. The study extended to three environments: industrial, urban, and suburban. This study developed an IoT noise generator (ING) device to emulate RF noise signals in the desired IoT radio transmission band. The paper presents a simplified radio noise surveying system (RNSS) for data collection of ambient radio noise from five South African candidate sites. The statistical and empirical analysis agree that the level of ambient radio noise was directly proportional to the rate of IoT radio activities. The slopes of the regression lines demonstrate that 80% of the analyzed data developed augmenting trends. Approximately 20% of the data show declining trends.
Estimating BDS-3 Satellite Differential Code Biases with the Single-Frequency Uncombined PPP Model
Authors: Wu Jizhong , Gao Shan , Li Dongchen
Published: September 2023

Differential Code Bias (DCB) is a crucially systematic error in satellite positioning and ionospheric modeling. This study aims to estimate the BeiDou-3 global navigation satellite system (BDS-3) satellite DCBs by using the single-frequency (SF) uncombined Precise Point Positioning (PPP) model. The experiment utilized BDS-3 B1 observations collected from 25 International GNSS Service (IGS) stations located at various latitudes during March 2023. The results reveal that the accuracy of estimating B1I-B3I DCBs derived from single receiver exhibits latitude dependence. Stations in low-latitude regions show considerable variability in the root mean square (RMS) of absolute offsets for satellite DCBs estimation, covering a wide range of values. In contrast, mid- to high-latitude stations demonstrate a more consistent pattern with relatively stable RMS values. Moreover, it has been observed that the stations situated in the Northern Hemisphere display a higher level of consistency in the RMS values when compared to those in the Southern Hemisphere. When incorporating estimates from all 25 stations, the RMS of the absolute offsets in satellite DCBs estimation consistently remained below 0.8 ns. Notably, after excluding 8 low-latitude stations and utilizing data from the remaining 17 stations, the RMS of absolute offsets in satellite DCBs estimation decreased to below 0.63 ns. These enhancements underscore the importance of incorporating a sufficient number of mid- and high-latitude stations to mitigate the effects of ionospheric variability when utilizing SF observations for satellite DCBs estimation.
Improving Power Quality in Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems: A Comparative Analysis of Model Predictive Control in Three-Level and Two-Level Inverters
Authors: Gada Saliha , Fekik Arezki , Mahdal Miroslav , Vaidyanathan Sundarapandian , Maidi Ahmed , Bouhedda Ali
Published: September 2023

The Single-Stage Grid-Connected Solar Photovoltaic (SSGC-SPV) topology has recently gained significant attention, as it offers promising advantages in terms of reducing overall losses and installation costs. We provide a comprehensive overview of the system components, which include the photovoltaic generator, the inverter, the Incremental Conductance Maximum Power Point Tracking (IC-MPPT) algorithm, and the PI regulator for DC bus voltage control. Moreover, this study presents detailed system configurations and control schemes for two types of inverters: 2L−3PVSI and 3L−3PNPC. In order to perform a comparative study between the two structures, we subjected them to the same irradiation profile using the same grid configuration. The Photovoltaic Array (PVA) irradiance is increased instantaneously, in 0.2 s, from 400 W/m2 to 800 W/m2, is kept at 800 W/m2 for 0.2 s, is then gradually decreased from 800 W/m2 to 200 W/m2 in 0.2 s, is then kept at 200 W/m2 for 0.2 s, and is then finally increased to 1000 W/m2 for 0.2 s. We explain the operational principles of these inverters and describe the various switching states involved in generating output voltages. To achieve effective control, we adopt the Finite Set–Model Predictive Control (FS-MPC) algorithm, due to the benefits of excellent dynamic responsiveness and precise current tracking abilities. This algorithm aims to minimise the cost function, while taking into account the dynamic behaviour of both the PV system and the inverter, including any associated delays. To evaluate the performance of the FS-MPC controller, we compare its application in the three-level inverter configuration with the two-level inverter setup. The DC bus voltage is maintained at 615 V using the PI controller. The objective is to achieve a Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) below 5%, with reference to the IEEE standards. The 2L−3PVSI inverter is above the threshold at an irradiance of 200 W/m2. The 3L−3PNPC inverter offers a great THD percentage, meaning improved quality of the power returned to the grid.
Application of Magnetic Field to Accelerate the Crystallization of Scopolamine Hydrobromide
Authors: Wu Zeyu , Chen Pengpeng , Bian Huixi , Zhou An , Xu Kun , Zhang Wencheng
Published: September 2023

In this paper, a rapid and efficient method for the preparation of scopolamine hydrobromide with high purity was established, named as magnetic field-induced crystallization. Based on the difference in solubility between scopolamine and scopolamine hydrobromide, salifying crystallization was selected and then treated with the synergistic effect of magnetic field to achieve the goal of purifying scopolamine. The influence of crystallization solvents and magnetic field intensity on the crystallization process of scopolamine hydrobromide, as well as the impact of magnetic field on the crystal growth direction, were investigated. The results revealed that treatment under magnetic field led to a shortened induction time (25.64–75.46%), an increased purity of crystals (0.95–2.92%), and an enhanced recovery rate (4.51–10.78%). Furthermore, it was also discovered that magnetic field could destroy hydrogen bonds within the solution, and change the physical properties of the mother liquid, so as to promote the nucleation formation and crystal growth. These findings suggested that external magnetic field could be a promising method for scopolamine preparation.
Removal of Azo Dyes from Aqueous Effluent Using Bio-Based Activated Carbons: Toxicity Aspects and Environmental Impact
Authors: Ali Ahmed Elsayid , Chowdhury Zaira Zaman , Devnath Ramprosad , Ahmed Md. Mostak , Rahman Md. Mahfujur , Khalid Khalisanni , Wahab Yasmin Abdul , Badruddin Irfan Anjum , Kamangar Sarfaraz , Hussien Mohamed , Pallan Khalid Husain , Mitra Ajita
Published: September 2023

Rapid growth in various industrial fields has introduced a series of new environmental risks. The textile industry is one of the major industries that is influenced by rapid advancements in technological sectors. The development in textile dying technologies has presented new types of dyes that are toxic to the ecosystem. Azo dyes are the main artificial dyes used in textiles, food, and other applications. Typically, these dyes are introduced into the environment as wastewater discharged from factories. The discharged influence penetrates the ecosystem and causes deadly diseases to human and animals. Several studies present activated carbon as a proper solution to eliminating the presence of azo dyes in the environment. However, various types of azo dye have different properties and chemical structures. Thus, there is a crucial need for more studies on the application of activated carbons to eliminate the presence of azo dyes in the environment. This paper discusses the toxic effects of azo dyes on the environment and human health. Moreover, this work presents a general review of the preparation of activated carbon and the parameters that influence the adsorption performance.
Joint Optimization of Battery Swapping Scheduling for Electric Taxis
Authors: Zhao Zilong , Tian Daxin , Duan Xuting , Xiao Randong
Published: September 2023

Electric taxis are of great benefit to reduce urban polluting gas emissions. Currently, there is a problem of uneven utilization among charging stations in the battery swapping activities of electric taxis, resulting in long battery swapping times for some taxis, which seriously affects operational efficiency. This study examines the real-time joint scheduling of electric taxis for battery swapping. The expense due to battery swapping for each electric taxi was measured as the sum of driving duration before battery swapping, queuing and operating duration during battery swapping, and cruising duration after battery swapping; to our knowledge, these have not been combined in the existing literature. A mathematical model was proposed with the objective of minimizing the total expense of all electric taxis, subject to the battery state-of-charge (SoC) constraint. The proposed model was transformed into a mixed-integer linear program and solved to global optimality by CPLEX. Numerical results validated the performance of our methodology. The results indicate that our proposed methodology can save total expenses by up to 7.61%.
Very Prolonged Treatment with Albendazole of a Case of Disseminated Abdominal Cystic Echinococcosis
Authors: Buscemi Carola , Randazzo Cristiana , Buscemi Paolo , Caldarella Rosalia , Lombardo Martina , Buscemi Silvio
Published: September 2023

Cystic echinococcosis is a zoonosis caused by the ingestion of food or water contaminated by Echinococcus eggs. E. granulosus is the most common causative agent of cystic echinococcosis that still has a relevant incidence in Italy, especially on the islands of Sicily and Sardinia. We report the case of a 64-year-old man with disseminated abdominal cystic echinococcosis (liver, spleen, peritoneum). The patient was asymptomatic and non-eligible for surgical treatment. Treatment with albendazole 400 mg/twice daily was started in 2012 for 15 cycles (each cycle consisted of three 28-day treatments at 14-day intervals) over 10 years for a total of 1260 days of treatment. Serum anti-Echinococcus antibody titers and imaging (echography, TC) were evaluated to monitor the evolution of the disease. Imaging techniques documented the regression of all cyst lesions, but it was less evident for the peritoneal localizations that still are in follow-up. In this case, the prolonged treatment with albendazole was effective, safe and free of side effects. Until today, the patient displays a good clinical condition.
Serological Conversion through a Second Exposure to Inactivated Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Expressing the JC Epitope on the Viral Surface
Authors: Hwang Seong Yun , Shin Sung Ho , Park Sung-Han , Lee Min Ja , Kim Su-Mi , Lee Jong-Soo , Park Jong-Hyeon
Published: September 2023

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a fatal contagious viral disease that affects cloven-hoofed animals and causes severe economic damage at the national level. There are seven serotypes of the causative foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), and type O is responsible for serious outbreaks and shows a high incidence. Recently, the Cathay, Southeast Asia (SEA), and ME-SA (Middle East-South Asia) topotypes of type O have been found to frequently occur in Asia. Thus, it is necessary to develop candidate vaccines that afford protection against these three different topotypes. In this study, an experimental FMD vaccine was produced using a recombinant virus (TWN-JC) with the JC epitope (VP1 140–160 sequence of the O/SKR/Jincheon/2014) between amino acid 152 and 153 of VP1 in TWN-R. Immunization with this novel vaccine candidate was found to effectively protect mice against challenge with the three different topotype viruses. Neutralizing antibody titers were considerably higher after a second vaccination. The serological differences between the topotype strains were identified in guinea pigs and swine. In conclusion, a significant serological difference was observed at 56 days post-vaccination between animals that received the TWN-JC vaccine candidate and those that received the positive control virus (TWN-R). The TWN-JC vaccine candidate induced IFNγ and IL-12B.
Nurse-delivered sleep restriction therapy in primary care for adults with insomnia disorder: a mixed-methods process evaluation
Authors: Armstrong Stephanie , Pattinson Julie , Siriwardena Aloysius Niroshan , Kyle Simon D , Bower Peter , Yu Ly-Mee , Yang Yaling , Ogburn Emma , Begum Nargis , Maurer Leonie , Robinson Barbara , Gardner Caroline , Lee Victoria , Gavriloff Dimitri , Espie Colin A , Aveyard Paul
Published: September 2023

Background

Sleep restriction therapy (SRT) is a behavioural therapy for insomnia.

Aim

To conduct a process evaluation of a randomised controlled trial comparing SRT delivered by primary care nurses plus a sleep hygiene booklet with the sleep hygiene booklet only for adults with insomnia disorder.

Design and setting

A mixed-methods process evaluation in a general practice setting.

Method

Semi-structured interviews were conducted in a purposive sample of patients receiving SRT, the practice nurses who delivered the therapy, and also GPs or practice managers at the participating practices. Qualitative data were explored using framework analysis, and integrated with nurse comments and quantitative data, including baseline Insomnia Severity Index score and serial sleep efficiency outcomes to investigate the relationships between these.

Results

In total, 16 patients, 13 nurses, six practice managers, and one GP were interviewed. Patients had no previous experience of behavioural therapy, needed flexible appointment times, and preferred face-to-face consultations; nurses felt prepared to deliver SRT, accommodating patient concerns, tailoring therapy, and negotiating sleep timings despite treatment complexity and delays between training and intervention delivery. How the intervention produced change was explored, including patient and nurse interactions and patient responses to SRT. Difficulties maintaining SRT, negative attitudes towards treatment, and low self-efficacy were highlighted. Contextual factors, including freeing GP time, time constraints, and conflicting priorities for nurses, with suggestions for alternative delivery options, were raised. Participants who found SRT a positive process showed improvements in sleep efficiency, whereas those who struggled did not.

Conclusion

SRT was successfully delivered by practice nurses and was generally well received by patients, despite some difficulties delivering and applying the intervention in practice.
L'évolution du wolof véhiculaire en milieu urbain sénégalais : le contexte dakarois
Authors: Thiam Ndiassé
Published: September 2023

Cette étude de l’évolution formelle et fonctionnelle du wolof urbain examine tout d’abord le processus de simplification des oppositions de classes nominales, qui tendent à se restructurer en une simple opposition de nombre. Cela est un premier niveau de dévernacularisation du wolof. La variété dakaroise se caractérise également par l’émergence d'une forme amalgamée issue du mélange des deux codes, le français et le wolof, qui partagent à Dakar des fonctions communicationnelles proches, et dont la compétence plus ou moins égale est nécessaire à l'élite intellectuelle. Ce mélange se manifeste principalement par des emprunts au français, intégrés morphologiquement ; l’alternance existe, mais elle est moins caractéristique. Cette pratique langagière est généralisée au sein de l'élite et sert de marqueur social. Son imitation par une grande partie de la communauté, non francophones compris, entraîne de ce fait un processus de revernacularisation de ces phénomènes d'aliénation linguistique. La wolofisation phonologique des emprunts fait partie du processus, même entre interlocuteurs parfaitement bilingues. On assiste donc à Dakar à des rapports de type diglossique entre wolof traditionnel et wolof urbain. Cependant un regain de traditionalisme introduit un contre-courant dans la pratique de ce bilinguisme français/wolof, et un autre modèle linguistique, plus autocentré et moins difficile à comprendre, tend à s'instaurer sous la pression d'une bourgeoisie commerciale naissante, non scolarisée et non francophone, mais ayant le pouvoir économique.
Associação entre o uso de benzodiazepínicos e antidepressivos e a gravidade da Síndrome da Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono
Authors: Bottaro Gabriel Barros , Ferreira Laura Bastos , Guimarães Roberto Becker , Santos Rodrigo Cesar Rocha , Goncalves Ronan Rodrigues
Published: September 2023

A Síndrome da Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAOS) caracteriza-se pela obstrução parcial ou completa da via aérea superior, de forma intermitente e recorrente. Decorre de colapsos da região faríngea, propiciando redução substancial do fluxo aéreo, determinando apneia ou hipopneia. Está associada a diversos sintomas e comorbidades, como sonolência excessiva diurna, déficit cognitivo, depressão, obesidade, redução da qualidade de vida, elevação dos riscos de acidentes laborais, de trânsito e de risco para doença vascular cardioencefálicas, entre outras. Pacientes acometidos queixam-se de má qualidade do sono, tornando-se candidatos ao uso de medicamentos hipnóticos. Há estudos que relacionam a SAOS ao desenvolvimento de depressão. Associar o uso de benzodiazepínicos e antidepressivos à gravidade da SAOS em pacientes adultos diagnosticados por Polissonografia em clínica privada de Belo Horizonte, entre abril e julho de 2022. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, composto por 526 pacientes que se submeteram à Polissonografia para avaliação da presença e grau de apneia/hipopneia. Também foi aplicado um questionário para complementação dos dados. A associação entre grupos foi feita através do teste Qui Quadrado. Não houve associação entre o uso de benzodiazepínicos e o diagnóstico de SAOS (p = 0,078), nem entre o uso de antidepressivos e o diagnóstico de SAOS (p=0,175). Quanto às variáveis polissonográficas analisadas, há associação estatística entre o uso das medicações e alterações nas fases do sono. Usuários de benzodiazepínicos não apresentaram diferença quanto à gravidade de SAOS. Quanto aos usuários de antidepressivos, há mais pacientes classificados com SAOS moderado/grave que leve ou normal.
Tratamento precoce com antibioticoterapia na Hepatite Alcoólica
Authors: Lopes Bruno Renan de Carvalho , E Silva Nicolas Lobarinhas Banwart , Pacífico Davi Sérgio dos Santos , Lemos Matheus Mônaco , Santos Amanda Heloise Lacoski , Santos Eduardo Henrique Lacoski , Câmara Kelvin , Bonfim Rayr Soares , Barbosa José Agostinho , Loiola Bruna de Sousa , Zago Luana Fernandes Valadares , Lemos Stephane Clemente Modesto , De Paris Isabela Pfeifer , Andriani Pedro Henrique , Miranda Guilherme Silva , Veiga Thays Milhomem Aguiar , Duarte Aline de Amorim
Published: September 2023

As infecções bacterianas cursam com altos índices de morbilidade e mortalidade na cirrose hepática (STRAUSS, 2004). De maneira semelhante, as infecções bacterianas são fatores de mau prognóstico na hepatite alcoólica (STRAUSS, 2004). A exposição crônica ao álcool pode levar ao aumento da permeabilidade intestinal e a disfunção das células imunes, ocasionando infecções em vários órgãos (PARKER, 2017). O atual trabalho trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, a qual a base de dados foi retirada das plataformas SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) e PubMed. A pesquisa foi realizada em Julho de 2023, atendendo aos critérios de inclusão que foram artigos dos anos 2003 a 2023, na língua portuguesa, espanhola e inglesa, textos online e em textos completos, teses, dissertações de mestrado, capítulos de livros, monografias, literaturas em revistas além de periódicos científicos foram incluídos na realização da revisão bibliográfica. Como estratégias para melhor avaliação dos textos, como descritores em saúde (DeCS) foram utilizados: "Hepatite alcoólica ", " Antibioticoprofilaxia " e " Infecção". A doença hepática associada ao álcool (ALD) representa um conjunto de lesões hepáticas associadas ao uso de álcool que pode variar de esteatose hepática, hepatite alcoólica (HA), cirrose associada ao álcool (AC), e HA aguda. A ALD é uma das principais causas de doença hepática em todo o mundo e se desenvolve através de vários estágios, começando com esteatose hepática e, em alguns indivíduos, progredindo gradualmente através da AH (cuja correlação histológica é a esteato-hepatite alcoólica), culminando na cirrose . A progressão através desses vários estágios depende do uso contínuo de álcool pesado e de outros fatores de risco, incluindo sexo feminino, suscetibilidade genética, dieta e doença hepática comórbida. ( CRABB, 2020). Diante do exposto, sabe-se que a Hepatite alcoólica tem como uma das suas principais complicações associadas, à infecção devido a translocação de bactérias intestinais. Desse modo, os estudos relacionados a essa temática foram iniciados com o fito de elucidar se o uso de antibióticos precoce reduziria a morbimortalidade desses pacientes, até o momento nenhum estudo foi suficientemente capaz de sedimentar para a prática clínica que o uso precoce teve grande impacto para os casos, mas ainda se faz necessário estudos mais controlados para que os médicos sejam capazes de instituir essa prática nos pacientes diagnosticados com HA.
Transtornos do Espectro Autista ao longo do desenvolvimento humano
Authors: Vianna Gesika Amorim , Dos Santos Mariana Fernandes Ramos , Cavichini Pietro Amorim , Martins Viviani Borges
Published: September 2023

O artigo aborda o Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) em diferentes fases do desenvolvimento, enfatizando a importância da avaliação diagnóstica realizada por profissionais qualificados para identificar e compreender os sintomas específicos de cada estágio. O TEA é um transtorno neurodesenvolvimental que afeta a comunicação, interação social e comportamento, apresentando uma ampla gama de sintomas e gravidades, sendo importante que os sujeitos tenham acesso ao diagnóstico precoce para garantir a intervenção adequada e do suporte especializado ao longo das diferentes fases do desenvolvimento. A abordagem individualizada, baseada em evidências, ajuda as pessoas com TEA a desenvolver habilidades sociais, de comunicação e de adaptação, melhorando sua qualidade de vida global na contribuição para um desenvolvimento humano de qualidade.
Urinary Incontinence: evidence on conservative management
Authors: Carvalho Julia Maria Salgado , Quintiliano João Augusto Cegarra , De Oliveira Aline Christie Salgado , Urquieta Isadora Pinheiro , Dória Jade Soares , De Jesus Paulo Henrique Barreto , Brisson Pedro Cariello Ramos Saint , Leal Roberta Kayane Silva
Published: September 2023

Urinary incontinence in women is a condition of high incidence and is associated with an impact on quality of life. Conservative treatment modalities are an important resource in the management of this condition, since they can be prescribed based on the clinical diagnosis without the need for additional tests. The present study aims to gather current evidence on conservative treatment modalities available for female incontinence published in the last 5 years. Conducting the search in the Medline and LILACS databases, 28 articles were identified, categorized with level of evidence 1b and 2b by the Oxford classification, which present original results on physical therapy, medication and behavioral modalities in the non-community treatment of female incontinence. The current state of the art demonstrates a domain of studies with a high degree of evidence involving the treatment modalities associated with the physical therapy practice of pelvic floor muscle training. Evidence from 5 analyzed studies statistically demonstrated the superiority of this method in relation to control groups, or to groups submitted to other interventions. Positive evidence related to transcutaneous electrical stimulation therapies, intravaginal electrical stimulation, duloxetine, noradrenaline receptor inhibitors, continence pessaries, and lifestyle changes was also observed.
Manejo do paciente com IC e lesão renal
Authors: Grandisse Leonardo Serra , Batista Wesley Augusto , Safe Ana Julia Melo , Cardoso Joaquim Lucas Silva , Da Silva Filho Jose Pereira , Da Silva Valter Oliveira , Bottoli Idacir França , Guimarães Leonardo Carvalho Monteiro , Dos Santos Renata Gomes Ramalho , Pinheiro Tamires Santos , Roriz Carolina Fernandes Reis , Bottoli Isabella Maria França , Lima Ingrid Fabric Gouveia , De Almeida Pollyane Vieira , Marçal Fernando , Costa Camila Moreira , Duarte Aline de Amorim
Published: September 2023

De acordo com Sue et. al. 1996, a insuficiência Cardíaca (IC) é uma síndrome clínica complexa decorrente de uma anormalidade estrutural e/ou funcional que causa alteração do enchimento ou da ejeção ventricular e resulta em um débito cardíaco diminuído e/ou elevadas pressões intracardíacas. Como consequência dessa anormalidade, a perfusão tecidual torna-se insuficiente para suprir as demandas metabólicas do organismo, afetando outras funções estruturais tais como a função renal, pois o fluxo de sangue aportado para os rins é consequentemente diminuído. Tendo em vista que os rins têm papel central na regulação da pressão arterial e o no filtrado que circula pelo organismo, essa revisão reunirá atualizações acerca do manejo do paciente portador de IC com concomitante lesão renal. A priori, o manejo inclui abordagens sobre a mudança do estilo de vida e o uso regular de medicamentos, como inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina (IECA), betabloqueadores, antagonistas do receptor de angiotensina II (ARA II), antagonistas da aldosterona, hidralazina, nitrato, digoxina, diuréticos, entre outros.
A psicopatologia como uma ferramenta nosológica para reconhecer doenças mentais no século XXI
Authors: Barreto Ana Maria Souza , De Lucena Marina Sacramento , Serrano Gabriela Goedert , Sampaio Geórgia Maria de Araújo Tenório , De Lima Paulo José Tavares
Published: September 2023

Introdução: Um dos grandes desafios desse século tem sido a prevenção e o manejo de transtornos mentais, os quais podem gerar incapacidades ao longo da vida (HEALY et al, 2022). Em paralelo a isso, a Psicopatologia surgiu há mais de um século e é uma ciência complexa que busca ser sistemática, elucidativa e desmistificante para compreender os diversos elementos das doenças mentais (FUCHS et al, 2022).
Pericardite e Tamponamento Cardíaco em paciente do sexo masculino com Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico juvenil: relato de caso
Authors: Lopes Angélica Maria Assunção da Ponte , Lopes Roberta Oriana Assunção Sousa da Ponte , Pires Catarina Fernandes , Lopes Josué Assunção da Ponte , De Sá Luiz Fernando Pereira , Almeida Hildenise Sárvia de Sousa , Soares Felipe Augusto Benevenuto , Pereira Taisa Pinto Nascimento
Published: September 2023

O Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico Juvenil (LESJ) é uma patologia inflamatória crônica, autoimune, rara, mais predominante no sexo feminino em relação ao masculino (9:1). Essa condição é influenciada por fatores genéticos, imunológicos e ambientais. Manifesta-se por meio de alterações dermatológicas, renais, neuropsiquiátricas, pulmonares, cardíacas, hematológicas e/ou imunológicas.
Aneurismas coronarianos médios e gigantes como complicação de diagnóstico tardio da Doença de Kawasaki
Authors: Lopes Angélica Maria Assunção da Ponte , Lopes Roberta Oriana Assunção Sousa da Ponte , Pires Catarina Fernandes , Lopes Josué Assunção da Ponte , De Sá Luiz Fernando Pereira , Rosa Ana Luiza Siqueira , Pereira Stéphanie Moreira Lima , Batista Maria Fernanda Soares
Published: September 2023

A Doença de Kawasaki (DK) é uma vasculite inflamatória aguda de pequenos e médios vasos, de etiologia desconhecida e autolimitada. Acomete, preferencialmente crianças menores de cinco anos, do sexo masculino. A DK manifesta-se como uma síndrome febril aguda com duração de cinco ou mais dias, associada a quatro de cinco alterações. Os critérios avaliados são: alterações oculares (conjuntivite bilateral não exsudativa), cutâneas (exantema polimorfo), orais e mucosas (enantema, fissura, sangramento, língua em framboesa), de extremidades (edema, dor, descamação periungueal) e/ou adenopatia cervical (geralmente unilateral, maior ou igual a 1,5 cm). A complicação mais grave dessa vasculite é a formação de aneurismas coronarianos.