bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Upaya Pelestarian Bahasa Daerah Suku Bolango Memanfaatkan Tekologi Kamus Digital Tiga Bahasa
Authors: Salma P Nua  , Citra Yustitya Gobel  , Santawali Santawali
Published: January 2025

Bahasa daerah merupakan bahasa etnis yang harus di lestarikan sebagai kearifan lokal yang menjadi pemersatu dalam etnis itu sendiri dan dapat menjadi ikon pariwisata daerah. Penelitian ini mengambil study kasus pada bahasa daerah suku bolango yang berlokasi di kabupaten bolaang mongondow selatan dan Daerah Tapa Gorontalo. Urgensi Penelitian ini adalah Penurunan jumlah penutur dan adanya invasi bahasa asing merupakan indikator utama tergesernya eksistensi bahasa dan sastra daerah, dimana era perkembangan media komunikasi moderen yang mengancam keberadaan dan pelestarian bahasa daerah sehingga mulai terancam punah. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk Menganalisis Upaya Strategi Pelestarian Bahasa Daerah suku bolango dengan memanfaatkan Teknologi Informasi dalam membangun Kamus Digital tiga Bahasa yaitu Bahasa Bolango, Bahasa Indonesia, dan Bahasa Inggris. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Kualiatatif, dimana peneliti mencoba memahami, mengeksplorasi, dan berinteraksi dengan orang-orang yang terkait dengan fokus penelitian untuk mempelajari informasi dan data Terkait Pelestarian bahasa Bolango . Hasil perancangan kamus digital Bolango – Bahasa Indonesia –  Inggris ini menjadi media penting dalam mendukung pelestarian bahasa Bolango. Kamus ini tidak hanya memfasilitasi pembelajaran dan konservasi bahasa, tetapi juga membuka jalan bagi generasi muda dan masyarakat internasional untuk mengenal dan menghargai kekayaan budaya dan bahasa lokal Bolango
Refleksi SDGs Kesetaraan Gender pada Buku Teks Bahasa Indonesia SMA/SMK Kurikulum Merdeka: Analisis Multimodal
Authors: Annisa Annisa , Fatin Idhoofiyatul , Rachmawati Dian Karina
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan bagaimana kesetaraan gender direpresentasikan dalam buku teks Bahasa Indonesia SMA/SMK Kurikulum Merdeka sebagai bentuk upaya pemerintah dalam mendukung program SDGs. Melalui pendekatan multimodal yang berfokus pada moda bahasa (linguistic mode) dan moda gambar (visual mode). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan berupa buku teks Bahasa Indonesia SMA/SMK Kurikulum Merdeka terbitan Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Republik Indonesia. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui teknik baca, catat, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model dari Miles dan Huberman yang terdiri dari atas pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan moda bahasa yang diperoleh berupa kutipan cerpen, puisi, dan novel. Moda visual yang diperoleh berupa gambar sastrawan, pahlawan nasional, penggunaan gambar dan ilustrasi laki-laki dan perempuan. Kesetaraan gender yang direpresentasikan pada buku teks ini terletak pada bidang pekerjaan dan peran antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Selain merepresentasikan kesetaraan gender, terdapat tiga dari sepuluh data moda bahasa merepresentasikan ketidaksetaraan gender. Dengan demikian, dapat dinyatakan bahwa buku teks tersebut telah merefleksikan kesetaraan gender dengan 20 data kesetaraan gender untuk menunjang SDGs.
Dinamika “Friendzone” pada tokoh utama dalam novel Friendzone karya Vanesa Marcella
Authors: Stevi Pusvita Sari  , Dicky Rachmat Pauji  , Arju Susanto
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami kondisi emosional dan psikologis yang timbul akibat ketidakseimbangan hubungan persahabatan Abel dan David yang terjebak friendzone. Penelitian ini menganalisis dinamika hubungan Friendzone terhadap tokoh utama dalam novel Friendzone karya Vanesa Marcella dengan menggunakan pendekatan psikologi sastra. Analisis ini menggunakan teori Triangular Theory Of Love oleh Robert Sternberg dan teori psikologi humanistik oleh Carl Rogers, serta menggunakan metode deskripsi kualitatif dan teknik baca catat. Hasil analisis menunjukan tokoh utama, Abel mengalami konflik emosional yang ditimbulkan oleh ketidaksesuaian eskspetasinya yang ingin memiliki hubungan romantis dengan David dan realita bahwa David hanya menganggapnya sebagai teman. Ketidaksesuaian ini diperkeruh dengan kebutuhan Abel akan penerimaan positif dari David, yang membuat Abel terus berada dalam hubungan itu meskipun penuh rasa sakit. Pada akhirnya, Abel berada dititik penerimaan diri dan mulai fokus pada dirinya sendiri dan mencari kebahagiannya sendiri, dia tidak lagi pada hubungan yang tidak seimbang.
The Implementation of Team-based Learning IDLE Digital Technology-based Devices in Developing Speaking Skills
Authors: Manurung Konder , Aminah Aminah , Wahyudin Wahyudin , Manurung Grace Novenasari
Published: January 2025

This study aims to enhance students’ speaking skills in an academic setting by applying the Team-based Learning Model and describe how they perceive the implementation of IDLE digital technology-based devices in the application of the team-based learning model. Mixed Method research is used in this investigation. An experimental method was used to collect quantitative data, applying the Team-based Learning model to teach speaking skills to two student groups, which were selected using a probability sampling technique. Questionnaires and oral tests were used to gather quantitative data, while qualitative data was collected through focus group discussions and interviews. The quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics with SPSS for Windows, and the qualitative data, which focuses on the problems and the objectives of the research, was analyzed using Content Analysis. The results of the data analysis show more students passed the Speaking in Academic Context Course than the students did in the previous academic years. The passing scores are between 71 to 76 and 86 to 100, or grades B (Good) and A (Very Good). According to the findings of data analysis on student perceptions obtained from questionnaires, students used several IDLE digital technology-based devices to complete projects, used the IDLE digital technology-based devices for fairly effective periods, between 30 minutes and over an hour per day, and used them for both receptive and productive activities individually and in group. The findings imply that the effective selection of teaching models and instructional media, especially the application of IDLE digital technology-based devices, is needed to motivate students to learn individually and in groups.
Problematika Pembelajaran Berpikir Kritis Teks Eksposisi di MTsN 6 Malang
Authors: Rahmi Yulianti  , Yuni Pratiwi  , Didin Widyartono
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi problematika dalam pembelajaran berpikir kritis teks eksposisi di MTsN 6 Malang. Berpikir kritis merupakan keterampilan penting yang diperlukan untuk memahami, menganalisis, dan mengevaluasi informasi secara objektif. Dalam praktiknya, pembelajaran keterampilan berpikir kritis melalui teks eksposisi sering kali menghadapi berbagai tantangan. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui observasi kelas, wawancara dengan guru, serta analisis dokumen pembelajaran. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa problematika diantaranya pengembangan tujuan dan indikator dalam rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran belum mengarah pada indikator berpikir kritis. Dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran siswa belum terbiasa dengan pola analisis dan diskusi yang mendalam dengan berbagai sudut pandang. Dalam perangkat asesmen kemampuan berpikir kritis masih perlu ditingkatkan, terutama dalam variasi metode asesmen dan kualitas umpan balik yang diberikan kepada siswa.
Analisis Kebutuhan Siswa SMA terhadap E-Modul Interaktif Berbantuan Flipbook berbasis Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi pada Materi Menulis Teks Argumentasi
Authors: Rahmi Annisa , Faizah Hasnah , Charlina Charlina
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini merupakan tahapan dalam pengembangan e-modul interaktif berbantuan flipbook pada materi menulis teks argumentasi untuk siswa sekolah menengah atas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan analisis kebutuhan siswa terhadap pembelajaran menulis teks argumentasi. Metode survei dalam metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Instrumen pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu kuesioner. Penelitian ini menggunakan skala likert untuk mengukur pandangan dan persepsi siswa terhadap e-modul interaktif yang dikembangkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang dibuat dalam bentuk pernyataan tertutup dengan rentang penilaian 1 sampai 5. Kuesioner yang disusun ditujukan kepada siswa di dua SMA di Kabupaten Kampar. Teknik pengambilan sampel ini berdasarkan kuota sampling yang ditentukan oleh peneliti. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan mengubah nilai kategori menjadi skor penilaian dan menganalisis skor tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 74,9% siswa kesulitan dalam pembelajaran menulis teks argumentasi dan 87,3% siswa menginginkan pembelajaran menulis teks argumentasi disajikan dengan media yang interaktif, menarik, dan inovatif. Hal ini menunjukkan perlunya penyusunan e-modul interaktif berbantuan flipbook untuk materi menulis teks argumentasi.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Membaca Teks Non Sastra Menggunakan Strategi SQ3R (Survey, Question, Read, Recall / Recite, Review) Berbasis Kurikulum Merdeka Untuk Peserta Didik Kelas 7 SMP IT Darul Azhariyun
Authors: Devira Syabila Harahap  , M. Surif  , Muharrina Harahap
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa efektif pengembangan bahan ajar yang dilakukan terhadap kemampuan membaca teks non siswa kelas VII SMP IT Darul Azhariyun. Populasi dalam penelitian ini ialah siswa kelas VII. Sampel dalam penelitian ini ialah dibagi dua, menjadi satu kelas control dan satu kelas eksperimen yang masing-masing berjumlah 15 peserta didik. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancar, dan kuseioner. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian R&D dengan model pengembangan Thiagarajaran 4D. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka diketahui bahwa pengembangan bahan ajar efektif terhadap kemampuan membaca teks non sastra siswa kelas VII SMP IT Darul Azhariyun. keefektivan pengembangan materi menggunakan  bahan ajar ini yang diperoleh datanya dari hasil uji coba kelas kontrol dan eksperimen menunjukan bahwa kelas eksperimen mendapatkan nilai 82.000 atau 82% yang termasuk dalam kategori efektif, sedangkan untuk kelas kontrol mendapatkan nilai 58.000 atau 59% termasuk dalam kategori tidak efektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode R&D dengan mododel pengembangan 4D yang dikembangkan oleh Thiagarajan. Pengembangan ini melalui 4 Tahapan yaitu (define, design, development and dissemination)
Penggunaan Bahasa Jawa dalam Film Pendek Rujak Cingur Lek Har Karya Bayu Skak: Kajian Sosiolinguistik
Authors: Laura Putri Nuraenny  , Prembayun Miji Lestari
Published: January 2025

Penggunaan bahasa Jawa dalam sebuah film menjadikannya sebagai wujud pengenalan budaya disuatu daerah. Penelitian ini menganalisis penggunaan bahasa Jawa dalam film pendek berjudul Rujak Cingur Lek Har yang diciptakan oleh Bayu Skak. Penelitian ini berfokus pada peran bahasa Jawa dalam menggambarkan dialog tokoh, konflik, serta budaya masyarakat daerah Surabaya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan penggunaan bahasa Jawa dan variasi bahasa yang muncul dalam dialog antar tokoh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan sosiolinguistik untuk mendeskripsikan penggunaan bahasa Jawa dalam film tersebut. Data penelitian berasal dari transkrip lisan pada dialog di episode 1 hingga 3 dari film pendek Rujak Cingur Lek Har yang diunggah di aplikasi YouTube Skak Studios. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan pencatatan. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat menambah wawasan tentang penggunaan bahasa dalam film, termasuk ragam bahasa Jawa seperti ngoko alus, ngoko lugu, krama alus, serta campuran bahasa Jawa dengan bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa asing. Selain itu, ditemukan pula variasi bahasa seperti dialek Suroboyoan, idiolek, serta kata makian atau pisuhan
Tingkat Penguasaan Ejaan pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar di Kota Madiun
Authors: Prambogo Yayan Dwi Canggih , Maruti Endang Sri
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat penguasaan ejaan siswa sekolah dasar di Kota Madiun. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan melibatkan siswa kelas IV, V, dan VI dari beberapa sekolah dasar sebagai sampel penelitian. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes tertulis yang mencakup aspek-aspek ejaan, seperti penggunaan huruf kapital, tanda baca, dan penulisan kata baku. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat penguasaan ejaan siswa berada pada kategori sedang, dengan beberapa kesalahan dominan pada penggunaan tanda baca dan huruf kapital. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi tingkat penguasaan ejaan meliputi pemahaman siswa terhadap aturan ejaan, frekuensi pembelajaran ejaan di kelas, serta dukungan lingkungan belajar. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pendekatan pembelajaran ejaan yang lebih interaktif dan kontekstual untuk meningkatkan keterampilan siswa dalam memahami dan menerapkan aturan ejaan.
Studi Komparatif Strategi Pembelajaran Inovatif: CRL., TaRL., dan DL.
Authors: Muhammad Binur Huda  , Ahmad Faizi  , Bagus Bayu Saputra  , Dzarna Dzarna
Published: January 2025

strategi yang sering digunakan dalam pembelajaran kontekstual. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi teknik yang efektif dalam ketiga strategi ini. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini mendengarkan dan menganalisis berbagai artikel penelitian tentang ketiga strategi tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CRT, TaRL., dan DL. memiliki persamaan dan perbedaan dalam penerapannya. Ketiganya sama-sama menyajikan pembelajaran kontekstual sesuai dengan latar belakang dan kebutuhan siswa, namun perbedaannya adalah CRT berfokus pada adaptasi pembelajaran dengan latar belakang budaya siswa, TaRL berfokus pada adaptasi pembelajaran dengan tingkat pengetahuan siswa, dan DL berfokus pada pemahaman mendalam tentang siswa. berbagai konsep sedang dipelajari. Ketiga strategi ini dapat dikolaborasikan untuk menciptakan pembelajaran yang efektif dengan berbagai skenario yang dapat disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan.
Perbandingan Model Problem Based Learning dan Project Based Learning dalam Pembelajaran Menulis Teks Cerpen Siswa Kelas XI SMAN 4 Makassar
Authors: Fitriyani Fitriyani , Nensilianti Nensilianti , Ambo Dalle
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini mengadopsi pendekatan kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk membandingkan tingkat efektivitas antara model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) dan Project Based Learning (PjBL) dalam mengembangkan keterampilan menulis teks cerpen. Data yang digunakan berupa angka dan hasil penghitungan, yang mendukung pendekatan kuantitatif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) mendeskripsikan tingkat keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa kelas XI di SMAN 4 Makassar dalam pembelajaran menulis teks cerpen dengan menggunakan model Problem Based Learning (PBL); (2) mendeskripsikan tingkat keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa melalui penerapan model Project Based Learning (PjBL) dalam pembelajaran menulis teks cerpen; serta (3) membuktikan perbedaan signifikan dalam keterampilan menulis cerpen antara siswa yang diajar menggunakan model PBL dan PjBL. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMAN 4 Makassar dengan fokus pada siswa kelas XI, bertujuan memberikan analisis yang menyeluruh terkait efektivitas kedua model pembelajaran tersebut dalam mengembangkan keterampilan menulis teks cerpen. Metode yang digunakan meliputi observasi, dokumentasi, dan tes tertulis sebagai alat pengumpulan data. Analisis data dilakukan dengan pendekatan statistik deskriptif dan inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) keterampilan menulis cerpen siswa kelas XI.2 yang mengikuti pembelajaran dengan model PBL mengalami peningkatan, dari nilai rata-rata awal 63,75 (kategori rendah) menjadi 80,69 (kategori sedang) setelah penerapan model pembelajaran tersebut serta keaktifan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran mencapai nilai sebesar 80,93% dan berada dalam kategori sangat baik; (2) keterampilan menulis cerpen siswa kelas XI.8 yang diajar menggunakan model PjBL juga meningkat, dari nilai rata-rata 61,81 (kategori rendah) menjadi 79,58 (kategori sedang) setelah perlakuan serta keaktifan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran mencapai nilai sebesar 80,20%  dan berada dalam kategori sangat baik; dan (3) hasil uji independent sample test menunjukkan nilai t-hitung sebesar 0,694, sedangkan t-tabel pada taraf signifikansi α = 0,05 dengan derajat kebebasan (df) = 70 adalah 1,666. Karena t-hitung (0,694) lebih kecil daripada t-tabel (1,666), maka H₀ diterima. Dengan demikian, hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dan Project Based Learning (PjBL) dalam meningkatkan keterampilan menulis teks cerpen siswa kelas XI di SMAN 4 Makassar. Berdasarkan hasil uji t dan analisis nilai probabilitas, kedua model pembelajaran memberikan pengaruh yang serupa dalam meningkatkan keterampilan menulis siswa.
Saimaannorpan suojelun hyväksyttävyys: kansalaisten näkemykset suojelukeinojen kannatuksen taustalla
Authors: Tienhaara Annika , Salmi Pekka , Pouta Eija , Lankia Tuija
Published: January 2025

Artikkeli valottaa suomalaisten suhtautumista saimaannorpan suojeluun ja suojelun keinoihin. Norpan suojelukeinoihin liittyviä käsityksiä tarkastellaan oikeudenmukaisuuden ulottuvuuksien valossa. Kyselyaineistoon (n=1487) perustuen kvantitatiiviset tilastolliset menetelmät paljastavat, kuinka vastaajat ryhmittyvät suojelukäsitysten pohjalta. Laadullisen analyysin avulla syvennetään ymmärrystä norpansuojeluun liittyvistä näkökulmista, suojelukäsityksistä ja eri keinojen hyväksyttävyydestä. Kaiken kaikkiaan suojelukeinoihin suhtauduttiin myönteisesti. Vähiten kannatettua toimenpidettäkin eli kalastusrajoitusten alueen laajentamista piti erittäin tai jokseenkin kannatettavana 70 % vastaajista. Eniten kannatusta saivat ympäristömyrkkyjen vähentäminen, norppaturvallisten kalastusvälineiden kehittäminen ja käyttöönotto sekä apukinosten rakentaminen pesinnän tueksi vähälumisina talvina. Eri suojelutoimenpiteiden kannatettavuutta käytettiin vastaajien ryhmittelyyn klusterianalyysin avulla päätyen kolmeen eri vastaajaryhmään: innokkaat (42,3 % vastaajista), myönteiset (41,3 % vastaajista) sekä maltilliset (16,4 % vastaajista). Suojelun ja kalastuksen yhteensovittamista pidettiin tärkeänä jopa kaikkein innokkaimpien suojelijoiden keskuudessa. Yhteensovittamista korostaneet kansalaisnäkemykset ja konkreettiset ehdotukset esimerkiksi kalastustekniikan kehittämiseksi luovat edellytyksiä norpansuojelun ja kalastuksen välisten ristiriitojen lieventämiseen. Norpansuojelun keinoista päätettäessä oleellista on, että tunnistetaan erilaiset arvot, elämänmuodot ja niiden sovittelun tarve.
Flavonoid and Phenolic Properties of Dried Seedless and Seeded Grape Cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.)
Authors: Yılmaz Turhan , Ates Fadime , Kara Zeki
Published: January 2025

In raisin cultivation, seeded (cvs. Gök Üzüm and Eksi Kara), parthenocarpic (cv. Black Corinth), and stenospermocarpic (cvs. Black Kishmish and Sultani Çekirdeksiz) grape varieties are used. Very little is known about the metabolic properties of raisins derived from these cultivars. According to the existing literature, certain metabolites including flavonoids and phenolic acids were studied in different raisin varieties. In this study, anthocyanidin, flavonol, flavone, flavanone, catechin, hydroxycinnamic acid, and hydroxybenzoic acid contents of 5 different grape cultivars were examined. As a result of the study, it was determined that phenolic acid and flavonoid contents were found to be significantly different among all varieties. Flavonol, catechin, and anthocyanin concentrations were higher in the cv. Gök Üzüm compared to other cultivars. As a result, when compared to seedless varieties, raisin varieties with seeds had a higher concentration of flavonoid capacity. In contrast, higher levels of most phenolic acids were detected in raisins produced from seedless varieties than in raisins produced from seeded varieties.
Effect of Different Doses of Orange Biochar Material on Relieving NaCl Salt Stress: Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Applications
Authors: Boydak Erkan , Aslan Sultan , Demirkıran Ali Rıza
Published: January 2025

This study was carried out as a pot experiment under open air conditions at Bingöl University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops to investigate the effect of different rates of NaCI and biochar material of orange tree on the growth of NC-7 groundnut. 5 different biochar doses (0 kg/da 250 kg/da 500 kg/da 750 kg/da and 1000 kg/da) and 4 different NaCI doses (0 mM, 50 mM, 100 mM and 150 mM) were used. As a result, number of branches, seedling dry weight, root length and root wet weight were significantly affected, while plant height, seedling wet weight, leaf area, K (%) and Na (mg/kg) effects were found insignificant. The use of orange biochar at different doses significantly affected seedling wet weight, leaf area, root length, root wet weight, K (%), Na (mg/kg), while plant height, number of branches and seedling dry weight were not significantly affected. Seedling length 10.91-12.13 cm, number of branches 2.22-3.81, seedling wet weight 4.81-9.05 g, leaf area 36.11-46.72, seedling dry weight 5.15-6.64 g, root length 27.00-39.72 cm, root wet weight 0.97-2.81 g, K (%) ratio 0.777-1.256 and Na (mg/kg) ratio 344.60-670.80 mg/kg.
Kültür Şartlarında Yetiştirilen Heracleum platytaenium Boiss. (Endemik) Türün Bazı Tarımsal Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: Tosun Bekir , Karadoğan Tahsin
Published: January 2025

Çalışma, 2021-2022 yıllarında Isparta ekolojik koşullarında kültüre şartlarında yetiştirilen Heracleum platytaenium türünün bazı tarımsal özellikleri, sabit yağ ve protein oranları ile sabit yağ bileşenlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Türün anadal, yandal, meyve veren ve vermeysen şemsiye sayıları ile meyve verimleri belirlenmiştir. Meyvelerin ham protein oranı Kjeldahl yöntemi, ham yağ oranları sokholet, sabit yağ içeriği ise GC/FID cihazı kullanılarak tespit edilmiştir. Türün 2021-2022 yıllarında meyve verimi 542-500 g/bitki, ham protein oranı % 12.77-12.07, ham yağ oranı %14.46-14.44 olarak belirlenmiştir. Türün başlıca yağ asitlerini petroselinik (%47.63-44,61), linoleik (%16.09-15.46), oleik (% 9.52-7.91) ve palmitik asit (% 3.75-4.00) oluşturmuştur. Sonuç olarak endemik H. platytaenium türünün ilerleyen yıllarda çeşitli ıslah ve yetiştiricilik çalışmaları yapılarak ekonomik öneme sahip türler arasında yer alabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Synergistic Effects of Cyanus depressus and Schizochytrium sp. Extracts on Growth Indices and The Expression Levels of Antioxidant and Immunity-Related Genes in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Karataş Boran
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to assess the combined effects of Cyanus depressus and Schizochytrium sp. extracts on growth indices and the expression of genes linked to antioxidant activity and immunity in carp (Cyprinus carpio). Fish, averaging 3.71 ± 0.16 g in weight, were assigned to three dietary groups over a 60-day period: a control group (0 g/kg extract) and two test groups receiving extract mixtures at 0.5 g/kg (CS05) and 1 g/kg (CS1). The supplemented groups, particularly those at 0.5 and 1 g/kg, showed significant increases in final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate. The highest superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) gene expression levels were seen in fish on the 0.5 g/kg CS-supplemented diet, and CS-fed groups displayed the greatest expression of the immune-related gene interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) relative to the control. Collectively, these findings indicate that Cyanus depressus and Schizochytrium sp. extracts, especially at a dosage of 0.5 g/kg, have promising potential as dietary supplements for enhancing the physiological health and growth of carp.
Investigating the Effect of Spectral Bands and Vegetation Indices Selection on Agricultural Crop Classification (Especially for Double Crops Regions)
Authors: Şimşek Fatih Fehmi
Published: January 2025

In this study, a classification study was carried out using multi-temporal Sentinel-2 imagery and datasets generated from different vegetation and spectral indices, and the effects on the classification result were investigated. As the study area has very fertile soils, suitable climate and temperature conditions and irrigated land, it is possible to grow more than one crop on the same plot during a production season. Wheat_maize (winter_wheat+summer_maize), wheat_cotton (winter_wheat+summer_cotton), lentil_cotton (winter_lentil+summer_cotton), lentil_maize (winter_lentil+summer_maize) are the crops included in the classification study, except for double crops; maize, cotton, wheat and lentils are also included. Time series of vegetation indices can be used to capture information on plant phenology and can be used as reference information in crop classification. Time series curves of different vegetation indices were constructed and compared for all crops, especially for double crops with the same phenological periods. In addition to the vegetation indices, the variation of the time series reflectance values of each spectral band was also observed for all crops and the effect of different indices and bands on the classification result was investigated. The study generated 16 different data sets using conventional vegetation indices, NDVI, SAVI, EVI and NDRE vegetation indices and all other bands of the Sentinel-2 satellite except the 60m bands. While single crops with different time series (maize, cotton, lentil, wheat) had an accuracy of over 90% in each dataset, double crops could not exceed 81% accuracy by mixing with each other in the DS-5 (R-G-B-NIR) dataset. In the DS-1 (NDVI time series) dataset, the overall accuracy for double crops is in the range of 84-85%. Classification with DS-2 (NDRE time series) increased the overall accuracy for double crops to 90%. When comparing the time series reflectance values of each spectral band for all crop types, except the crop indices, it was observed that the B6 (Red Edge-2) and B11 (SWIR-1) bands were separated from the other bands and increased the classification result by 2% when included in the dataset. Especially in the classification studies carried out on products with close phenological periods, the Red Edge band (especially Red Edge-2) and the indices (NDRE) generated from these bands will improve the classification result by preventing confusion between classes, and the B11 (SWIR-1) band also has a positive effect on classification. This study has fully demonstrated the application potential of red edge bands and the indices constructed from them. It also promotes the use of red edge band optical satellite data in agricultural remote sensing.
Mathematical practices (commonly used by mathematicians) in mathematics teachers’ solutions to algebraic problems
Authors: Hatisaru Vesife , Richardson Steven , Star Jon R.
Published: January 2025

A teacher of mathematics knows mathematics as a teacher and as a mathematician. Whilst the existing research on teacher knowledge contributes to our understanding of the ways of knowing mathematics as a teacher, little is known about ways of knowing mathematics as a mathematician. Guided by the conceptual framework of mathematical practices (MPs) (commonly used by mathematicians), this case study aimed to contribute to fill this gap. The study examined solutions generated by two secondary teachers of mathematics to a set of algebraic problems to determine which MPs are apparent, or not, in the teachers’ work. Data were content analyzed deductively. Findings reveal that both teachers consistently demonstrated three practices: seeking to find patterns; creating models for mathematical ideas; and using symbolic representations of ideas, whilst two practices: using precise definitions of objects; and having fine distinctions about language were less present in either teacher solutions. More high-level practices such as characterizing objects based on structure and using logical arguments as sources of conviction were manifested in routine problems but absent in nonroutine problems. It is anticipated that teacher training experiences and curriculum contexts have influences on teachers’ MPs in doing mathematics.
Determination of the Sesame Oil Biodiesel (SOB) Ratio Providing the Lowest Emissions by Multi-Purpose RSM Optimization
Authors: Uslu Samet
Published: January 2025

Emissions from internal combustion engine vehicles have a major impact on environmental pollution and global warming, which are among the world's biggest problems. The use of alternative fuels is quite popular to reduce the emission values originating from diesel engines, which are preferred due to their high efficiency. Another issue that has become popular in recent years is optimization studies for alternative fuels. In this study, to determine the most suitable sesame oil biodiesel (SOB) in terms of emissions in a single cylinder diesel engine using SOB as an alternative fuel, firstly engine experiments were performed, and response surface methodology (RSM) optimization was performed using experimental data. In the optimization design, SOB percentage and engine load were determined as factors, while carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrogen oxide (NOx) were determined as responses affected by the factors. The optimum variable levels offered by the optimization study are 15% SOB and 850 W engine load. The emission levels designed as responses under these conditions are 0.0680% CO, 7.1858 ppm HC, 4.0887% CO2, and 316.4166 ppm NOx. When compared with the test results, it was concluded that the RSM results and the test results converged in the 0.71%-2.34% error range and accordingly the RSM optimization was successfully performed.
SOIL DAMAGE AND RECOVERY IN UKRAINE: LESSONS FROM GLOBAL POST-WAR EXPERIENCES
Authors: Didenko N. O.
Published: January 2025

The russian invasion of Ukraine has resulted in extensive environmental damage, significantly affecting the country’s soil quality and raising concerns about long-term agricultural sustainability and environmental health. The war has resulted in soil degradation through contamination by military operations, destruction of farmland, and disruption of natural ecosystems. The objective of the research is to evaluate the environmental consequences of the war in Ukraine, with a particular emphasis on soil degradation and the development of strategies for post-war restoration. The manuscript will entail a comprehensive review of existing literature on soil degradation and post-war environmental restoration, with a particular focus on case studies from conflict zones such as Vietnam, the Balkans, and post-Second World War Europe. Furthermore, an analysis of data from Ukrainian government agencies, environmental organizations, and international bodies will be conducted to assess the extent and nature of soil damage caused by the war. To achieve effective recovery of its soils and ecosystems, Ukraine can draw on global experiences and implement long-term strategies combining modern decontamination technologies, sustainable agricultural practices and policy reforms that promote ecological resilience. Environmental, social, and economic factors must be integrated into the country’s post-war recovery strategy. It is imperative that international cooperation and investment in environmental restoration, in conjunction with community involvement, are pursued in order to guarantee the success of these endeavours and to provide Ukraine with the support it requires in order to achieve a sustainable and resilient agricultural future. The research provides a foundation for the development of integrated strategies that leverage global lessons, thereby ensuring long-term recovery for Ukraine’s soil and agricultural systems.
TARIFFS FOR WATER SUPPLY SERVICES FOR IRRIGATION AS A TOOL FOR ATTRACTING INVESTMENTS TO IMPROVE WATER USE AND AMELIORATIVE INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors: Romashchenko M. I. , Panteleev V. P.
Published: January 2025

Conceptual approaches to increasing the investment attractiveness in water resources and land reclamation infrastructure should be adapted to solving the problems facing states and societies, including measures to ensure sustainable economic development and environmental protection. The implementation of investment and infrastructure projects is provided for by the Irrigation and Drainage Development Strategy until 2030 and is becoming relevant in solving the problems of the Ukrainian economy. Implementing a tariff policy will allow for maintaining land reclamation infrastructure in working condition, reducing the energy intensity of water supply for irrigation, establishing technological integrity of water use, etc. Such tasks draw attention to increasing the function of tariffs as one of the sources of covering investments in water infrastructure. A general trend in solving problems can be considered a broad view of problems, lower risk, and higher management reliability.
The article critically analyzes the experience of using irrigated lands based on the introduction of tariffs, given the investment component of tariffs and the use of mobilized funds for investment activities. Productive and inefficient principles of tariff formation are shown, and the importance of land reclamation infrastructure and current directions of financing irrigation infrastructure in EU countries are revealed through compliance with the requirement of targeted funds spending for infrastructure facilities.
Based on the risk classification, the significance and impact of risks in the operation of land reclamation systems in market conditions are given; the main components of tariff formation in irrigation water supply services, which include investments in improving land reclamation infrastructure, are outlined; contents of the investment component in the activities of water user organizations (WUO) is indicated, and the ways for the return on investment in land reclamation infrastructure in Ukraine are outlined. Ukraine's experience in successfully using the irrigation potential through a tariff policy for water supply can serve as an example for other countries.
ASSESSMENT OF THE CURRENT ECOLOGICAL STATE OF THE FASTIV RESERVOIR USING GROUND AND SATELLITE DATA
Authors: Vlasova O. V. , Shevchenko I. A. , Kozytskyi O. M. , Shevchenko A. M. , Voitovych O. P.
Published: January 2025

The article presents the results of researches on assessing the ecological state of the Fastiv Reservoir using ground and satellite data according to the developed scientific approach, which provides for the following sequence for a water body with a large area: conducting field observations, involving satellite information, and creating a resulting map of the current ecological state based on a certain set of indicators, which is the goal of the research. The relevance of the research is defined by the significant deterioration of the water condition in the reservoir, which was caused by an increase in air temperature, uneven distribution of precipitation throughout the year, a decrease in the reservoir filling to 92.7% of the design level, intensive increase in water use and discharge of domestic wastewater. In the conducted studies, it was advisable to compensate the lack of spatially concentrated information (from points of field measurements) with spatially distributed information. During field surveys, hydrobiological and physicochemical indicators were determined in 3 sections of the reservoir - points observations, and maps of water depth, temperature, and transparency were created based on the results. Such results of field observations as an increased turbidity and low transparency made it necessary to use satellite data, especially those containing red and infrared ranges, when calculating spectral indices. From the perspective of remote sensing, water bodies have their own spectral characteristics, which depend on the concentration of various substances dissolved and suspended in water - diffuse reflectance. To compensate the lack of information, the Sentinel-2 L2A image was used, which is the closest with no cloud cover to the date of field observations, and spectral indices were calculated in the open software product Land Viewer: NDVI, GCI, NDWI. Only the NDWI map was useful, providing an insight about the transparency within the entire reservoir. The obtained comprehensive information made it possible to create a resulting map of the current ecological state of the Fastiv Reservoir based on the ground and satellite data.
ОБҐРУНТУВАННЯ ПЕДАГОГІЧНИХ УМОВ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ МІЖНАРОДНИХ ВІДНОСИН ДО РОБОТИ В СИСТЕМІ СТРАТЕГІЧНИХ КОМУНІКАЦІЙ
Authors: Діденко Ростислав
Published: January 2025

У статті представлено обґрунтування педагогічних умов підготовки майбутніх фахівців міжнародних відносин до роботи в системі стратегічних комунікацій. З’ясовано, що різноманітні аспекти проблеми професійної підготовки майбутніх фахівців міжнародних відносин були предметом уваги вітчизняних і зарубіжних вчених. Однак вирішення наукового завдання щодо обґрунтування педагогічних умов підготовки майбутніх фахівців міжнародних відносин до роботи в системі стратегічних комунікацій не було предметом окремого дослідження.
У статті зазначено, що формування готовності майбутніх фахівців міжнародних відносин до роботи в системі стратегічних комунікацій потребує комплексного підходу, який поєднує теоретичні знання та практичні навички. Інтеграція міждисциплінарного та практико-орієнтованого підходів дозволяє студентам формувати системне мислення та адаптувати теоретичні знання до реальних професійних ситуацій. Використання сучасних цифрових технологій сприяє розвитку професійної компетентності, забезпечуючи навички аналізу даних, управління інформаційними потоками та медіа-моніторингу. Мовна та міжкультурна компетентність є важливими для ефективної роботи в глобальному середовищі, адже вони дозволяють уникати міжкультурних непорозумінь і створювати успішні комунікаційні стратегії. Розвиток "м’яких навичок" і підготовка до роботи в кризових ситуаціях забезпечують стійкість, адаптивність і здатність фахівців приймати рішення в умовах невизначеності. Формування професійної мотивації, етики та співпраця зі стейкхолдерами підвищують відповідальність фахівців, сприяють довірі до їхньої роботи та ефективності комунікацій. Залучення студентів до проєктної діяльності, стажувань і міжнародних програм мобільності дозволяє їм здобувати практичний досвід, необхідний для роботи у міжнародній сфері.
Педагогічні умови мають бути адаптованими до сучасних викликів глобалізації, що дозволяє створити конкурентоспроможних і професійно компетентних фахівців. Для ефективної реалізації цих умов важливим є створення сприятливого освітнього середовища, яке стимулює творчість, критичне мислення та саморозвиток студентів. Загальний комплекс педагогічних умов забезпечує якісну підготовку майбутніх фахівців, що сприяє їх успішній професійній діяльності у сфері стратегічних комунікацій.
Agravarea răspunderii în cazul infracțiunii de manipulare a unui eveniment potrivit Codului Penal al Republicii Moldova
Authors:   Universitatea de stat din Moldova, RENIȚĂ Gheorghe
Published: January 2025

In the Republic of Moldova, the act of manipulating an event constitutes a crime and is punished according to the Criminal Code. The liability is aggravated if the offense in question is committed by a coach, an agent of the athlete, a member of the jury, a sports club owner or a person who is a member of the management of a sports organization. People who have one of these special qualities are generically considered „officials”. These people could easily manipulate a sporting or other event that offers betting opportunities. In this study, the particularities of the aggravation of criminal liability for committing the act of manipulating an event are analyzed.
L'importance du Comité d'experts sur l'évaluation des mesures de lutte contre le blanchiment des capitaux et le financement du terrorisme et de la Division de la coopération contre la criminalité économique dans la lutte contre le blanchiment d'argent
Authors:   Faculté de Droit, Université de Bucarest, PÂRGARU Dragoș
Published: January 2025

The fight against money laundering and against the financing of terrorism is one of the most important elements of criminal policies in all legal systems. With the same purpose, at the international level there are many organizations and different entities that provide assistance and support for the domestic legal systems. Even though the fight against money laundering is not of the essence of the Council of Europe’s activity, its complex system of committees, groups and other similar entities also covers this issue. The Committee of Experts on the Evaluation of Anti-Money Laundering Measures and the Financing of Terrorism and the European Crime and Cooperation Division are the main actors to this end. This article aims to briefly present the history and the current activity of each of the two mechanisms previously mentioned. Also, the author aims to find potential improvements of their activity.
Pe cine și cum protejăm împotriva abuzurilor sexuale? Scurte referiri la modificările legislației penale intervenite prin Legea 217/2023
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept a Universității din București, ROTARU RADU Cristina
Published: January 2025

This study tries to identify the reasons that determined the changes made by Law 217/2023 in the matter of sexual crimes and makes a brief review of these changes. The conclusions drawn from the analysis of the new law is that they are confusing, that they decriminalize certain acts that are currently crimes, that they do not provide increased protection for minors against sexual abuse and that they introduce sanctions for minor criminals that are not allowed by the Criminal Code.
Provocările administrării probatoriului pentru răspunderea penală a minorilor
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept a Universității din București, SOROHAN Ștefana-Iuliana
Published: January 2025

Given the difficulties that may arise in handling cases with juvenile offenders, the legislator came to the aid of the judiciary by creating rules on the evidence to be administered. Thus, it has been recognized that, in that regard, the reasoning of the court is not sufficient to rule on a legal and sound solution, but there is also a need for the opinion of specialists in matters related to the legal one, which will contribute to the understanding of the conduct of the accused person and of the factors which can contribute to the reform of the minor's behaviour. In this context, the forensic report, for the hypothesis that the perpetrator was between 14 and 16 years old at the time of committing the offense, and the evaluation report have acquired particular importance. However, in order to be able to relate to the information contained therein, the judicial bodies must ensure compliance with the principles of legality and loyalty and protect the procedural rights of the accused person. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the procedural challenges specific to the gathering of evidence in cases with minors and to observe how judicial practice responds to these challenges.
Suveranitatea digitală. O perspectivă constituționalistă
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept a Universității din București, LUPU Andrei-Răzvan
Published: January 2025

The state, as we understand it today, includes sovereignty as its defining element. But both state and sovereignty represent concepts that have had a variable content over time, depending on the context. The last years have brought a series of new perspectives regarding the exercise of power inside the state, its connection with the territory and, implicitly, the concept of sovereignty. Within the European Union, the desire for autonomy in relation to other international powers, but also in relation to member states or private actors, led to the birth of the doctrine of digital sovereignty as an objective to be achieved in the following years. As a result, this paper aims to analyze the evolution of the concept of sovereignty in order to better understand to what extent it can still be validly used from a constitutional point of view and to what extent it can still have a descriptive or prescriptive value for the way of evolution for the contemporary concept of state.
L'applicabilité de l'article 6 de la Convention Européenne des Droits de l'Homme aux procédures contraventionnelles
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea din București, LAZĂR George-Alexandru
Published: January 2025

In France, contraventional law is part of criminal law, broadly subject to its legal regime. In Romania, contraventional law is a hybrid legal branch, situated at the crossroads between substantive criminal law and civil procedural law. This mixed nature has led to issues in its application, especially in reference to the well-known decision handed down by the European Court of Human Rights in the case of Anghel v. Romania. However, since then, the Court's jurisprudence has changed significantly. This paper addresses the issues of contraventional law in Romania and France, and then examines these systems from the perspective of the European Court of Human Rights. The winding path of contraventional law mirrors the evolution and regression of the protection of the right to a fair trial in criminal matters, an issue that will be discussed in the final part of the text.
Înțelesul unor termeni și expresii din dreptul penal în cyberspațiu
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept, Universitatea din București, HERINEAN Dorel
Published: January 2025

The article provides an analysis of criminal law concepts as they apply to cyberspace and the online environment, focusing on terms specific to criminal law—either defined based on the conceptual autonomy or borrowed from common language or other areas of law. The first part examines terms and expressions defined in the general section of the Criminal Code, while the second part incorporates reflections on those found in the special section. In both parts, as the title of the work suggests, the aim is to highlight the particularities of these terms in relation to cyberspace and the online environment, analysing the ways in which certain offenses are committed and the specific nature of their elements within the established framework.
The Confucionist Tradition and Human Rights in China
Authors: Wolkmer Antonio Carlos , Alves Maria Laura Vieira
Published: January 2025

Human rights hold a central position in contemporary international law, frequently discussed from various perspectives. This article offers a critical analysis of human rights through a decolonial lens, challenging their universalist construction, historically rooted in Western values such as liberalism and individualism, and often employed as a tool of power by hegemonic nations. Using a bibliographic review and a deductive methodology, the study is structured into three parts: first, it explores the historical development of human rights in the West and their limitations as a universal paradigm; second, it revisits Confucianism as a classical Chinese philosophy focused on collective well-being and social harmony; finally, it examines contemporary Chinese public policies, which demonstrate a distinct and contextualized approach to human rights. The article concludes that China's experience exemplifies a viable counter-hegemonic alternative by integrating its traditional philosophy with modern strategies, achieving remarkable outcomes such as the eradication of extreme poverty and sustainable socioeconomic development.