bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation of Copper Oxide Nanostructure Thin Film For Carbon Monoxide Gas Sensor
Authors: Yuliarto Brian
Published: November 2016

This work reports the synthesis of nanostructure of CuO thin film using dip coating and chemical bath deposition method. Seed layer was deposited by dip coating method using zinc nitrate as a precursor. The CuO nanostructure has successfully grown on CBD process at 95oC for 6 hours. The X Ray Diffraction characterization result shows that the CuO has monoclinic crystallization and good crystallinity. Moreover, the Scanning Electron Microscope characterization results  shows that CuO has nanospike-like shape. The CuO thin film as a gas sensor shows relatively high response on CO gas at the temperature working above 200oC. The highest response is obtained at 350oC of working temperature toward 30 ppm CO gas at 186% of sensor response.
DESIGN OF LOW CYTOTOXICITY DIARYLANILINE DERIVATIVES BASED ON QSAR RESULTS: AN APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK MODELLING
Authors: Arief Ihsanul , Armunanto Ria , Setiaji Bambang , Fachrie Muhammad
Published: November 2016

Study on cytotoxicity of diarylaniline derivatives by using quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) has been done. The structures and cytotoxicities of  diarylaniline derivatives were obtained from the literature. Calculation of molecular and electronic parameters was conducted using Austin Model 1 (AM1), Parameterized Model 3 (PM3), Hartree-Fock (HF), and density functional theory (DFT) methods.  Artificial neural networks (ANN) analysis used to produce the best equation with configuration of input data-hidden node-output data = 5-8-1, value of r2 = 0.913; PRESS = 0.069. The best equation used to design and predict new diarylaniline derivatives.  The result shows that compound N1-(4′-Cyanophenyl)-5-(4″-cyanovinyl-2″,6″-dimethyl-phenoxy)-4-dimethylether benzene-1,2-diamine) is the best-proposed compound with cytotoxicity value (CC50) of 93.037 μM.
Pemanfaatan Komputer Pentium II Sebagai PC Router Dengan Linux Freesco Di SMK Negeri 1 Bawang
Authors: Purwanto Adnan , Hikmaturokhman Alfin , Susanto Aril Apria
Published: November 2016

Seiring semakin berkembangnya sistem operasi dan perangkat lunak komputer sekarang ini, maka berkembang pula perangkat keras komputer yang dibutuhkan untuk kebutuhan tersebut. Komputer-komputer lama yang tidak mendukung sistem operasi yang baru pun akhirnya terabaikan dan tidak digunakan. Namun komputer-komputer tersebut dapat dipergunakan kembali sebagai router. Linux Freesco adalah salah satu aplikasi router yang dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pembuatan router yang berbasiskan komputer 386 dengan menggunakan resource yang kecil tetapi mempunyai kemampuan yang powerfull sebagai router. Linux Freesco merupakan sebuah proyek open source yang mengijinkan penggunanya untuk dapat mendistribusikan kembali dan memodifikasinya secara bebas tanpa harus membayar lisensi. Walaupun berbasis teks namun Linux Freesco dirancang untuk memudahkan penggunanya dimana semua perintah yang ada pada Linux Freesco dibuat secara interaktif.  Penelitian ini mengimplementasikan Linux Freesco sebagai router di SMK Negeri 1 Bawang dan dikomparasikan dengan Linux Depdiknux yang sudah terpasang di SMK Negeri 1 Bawang. Dari hasil komparasi ternyata kemampuan Linux Freesco sebagai router sebanding dengan Linux Depdiknux yang sudah terpasang di SMK Negeri 1 Bawang, sehingga Linux Freesco dapat dijadikan router alternatif di SMK Negeri 1 Bawang dengan memanfaatkan komputer-komputer Pentium II yang tidak terpakai di SMK Negeri 1 Bawang.
Analisis Jarak Terhadap Redaman SNR (Signal To Noise Ratio), Dan Kecepatan Download Pada Jaringan ADSL
Authors: Isnawati Anggun Fitrian , Susanto Irwan , Purwanita Renny Ayu
Published: November 2016

ADSL (Asymetric Digital Subscriber Line) adalah teknologi yang paling banyak digunakan untuk memberikan layanan broadband , lebih dari 60% pasar broadband di dunia menggunakan teknologi ini. ADSL merupakan sebuah teknologi yang tangguh, mempunyai kemampuan untuk mendukung aplikasi-aplikasi multimedia seperti voice, video, dan juga data. Konfigurasi ADSL juga sangat sederhana, cukup menggunakan infrastruktur jaringan lokal kabel tembaga yang sudah ada. Namun ADSL juga masih memiliki kekurangan, diantaranya jarak jangkauan untuk ADSL hanya berkisar ± 5 km. Selain itu, jarak pelanggan yang jauh dari sentral sangat  mempengaruhi untuk nilai kecepatan download. Hal ini, dikarenakan semakin jauh jarak yang berarti media penghantar maka akan semakin banyak redaman yang terjadi pada media tersebut yang menyebabkan turunnya Signal to Noise Ratio dimana dalam hal ini dapat diartikan kekuatan sinyal. Sehingga dari hal-hal tersebut akan mempengaruhi kualitas kecepatan download. Dari sinilah yang kemudian akan dibandingkan bagaimana pengaruh jarak terhadap redaman, Signal to Noise Ratio, dan juga kecepatan download.
Analisis Performansi VOIP (Voice Over Internet Protocol) Pada Jaringan Wimax (Worldwide Interoperability For Microwave Access) Di Wilayah DKI Jakarta
Authors: Widhiatmoko Widhiatmoko , Susilawati Hesti , Noviandono Rahmat K.
Published: November 2016

VoIP is a system that uses the Internet network to transmit voice packets from one place to another using IP protocols intermediaries. With VoIP technology can be much cheaper call charges, especially for communicating overseas because of voice and data using the same network ie the Internet network. VoIP is a service that is very susceptible to delay while the existing access network is currently providing a significant delay for VoIP. One alternative network that can be used to overcome these problems is to use WiMAX technology because WiMAX can provide speed data services up to 70 Mbps.From the research,  results of one way delay, jitter and packet loss still at the value recommended by ITU-T, which is the maximum value of one way delay measurement is 159.87 ms, for jitter 7.52 ms and for packet loss is 3.175%. The one way delay and packet loss from the measurement used to find the MOS score which is the value for quality of VoIP. MOS value range obtained from the calculation of 3.6 to 4.2, which means VoIP feasible to apply to the WiMAX network. The maximum value can reach 2.8 Mbps throughput to 0.575 Mbps for downlink and uplink. From the research also found that the SQI values that are above the standard value of the device will provide a high SNR value, and the higher SQI values then its RSSI value is also bigger.
Analisis Permasalahan Optimalisasi Voice CDMA 2000 1x Untuk Mengurangi Kegagalan Koneksi Studi Kasus Divisi Telkom Flexi Semarang
Authors: Hikmaturokhman Alfin , Wahyudi Eka , Pangestika Septy Widya
Published: November 2016

Rapidly growing number of network providers in Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), make service providers to further strength its network and optimization customer service and quality that will be given. In order to better serve our customer with the required network that has good performance. For that we need to be optimization in network, which can reduce the drop call and resource blocking and increasing call success. Network optimization is based on data drive test as for data analysis, including Call Setup Success Rate, Drop call Rate, Resource Blocking, Rx Power, Tx Power, Ec/Io, Forward FER, and Call Setup Time. In the measurement that have been done to the avarage value in accordance with Key Performance Indicator (KPI) obtained Call Setup Success Rate (> 99%), Drop call Rate (< 2%), Resource Blocking (< 2%), Rx Power (-91.7 dBm), Tx Power (11.4 dBm), Ec/Io (-21.38 dB), Forward FER (4.8%), and Call Setup Time (4.832 seconds). Result the performance of the Flexi network for service in Jepara #2 area in poor condition, because for parameters Rx Power, Tx Power, Forward FER, and Ec/Io not suitable with KPI. So do the optimization for the better network quality. Result after optimization of average Call Setup Success Rate (> 99%), Drop call Rate (< 1%), Resource Blocking (< 1%), Rx Power (-99.9 dBm), Tx Power (-27.8 dBm), Ec/Io (-5.45 dB), Forward FER (2.45%), and Call Setup Time (4.902 seconds).
Perbandingan Kecepatan Pencacahan Antara Timer 0 (8 Bit) Dengan Timer 1 (16 Bit) Pada Sistem Mikrokontroler
Authors: Saptadi Arief Hendra
Published: November 2016

The application of timer/counter in microcontroller system had provided advantages in a way that it didn’t put the burden on CPU resources and enabled CPU to perform other tasks. With the availability of 8-bit and 16-bit timer/counter, the problem laid on the selection of the type of timer/counter being used. From the experiments performed, the minimum system of AVR ATmega8535 microcontroller had precisely counted a number using two different timers/counters, namely, Timer/Counter 0 (8 bit) and Timer/Counter 1 (16 bit). The overflow condition achieved on 8-bit and 16-bit counting cycle activated OCR0 and OCR1AL registers, respectively. Output signals from port B.3 (OC0) and port D.5 (OC1A)  are then fed to oscilloscope and put into comparison. From the observation of output signals, it could be proven that the two different timers/counters had equal counting speed. Hence, it can be concluded that the selection of timers/counters is more likely based on the flexibility of count range, program size and execution time
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Penitipan Motor Berbasis Web Dengan Menggunakan PHP Dan MYSQL Di Terminal Purwokerto
Authors: Usada Elisa , Yuniarsyah Yana , Choiriah Dwi Mai
Published: November 2016

Penitipan kendaraan Terminal Purwokerto menggunakan cara administrasi manual. Program sstem informasi penitipan motor ini dibuat dalam rangka usaha komputerisasi data perparkiran di Terminal Purwokerto. Perancangan sistem informasi penitipan ini metode yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan metode waterfall. Pembuatan sistem informasi penitipan ini menghasilkan 3 user leveling yaitu operator, atasan dan pengguna parkir. Tabel yang dihasilkan sebanyak 3 tabel. Program sistem informasi penitipan ini menggunakan penyimpanan MySQL sebagai database server karena mampu menerima dan mengirimkan data dengan cepat serta dapat menyimpan data penitipan dalam jumlah yang banyak. Pengujian program sistem informasi penitipan ini dimulai dari tahap pengujian sistem, pengujian interface, proses upload ke web hosting dan melakukan pengujian jaringan. Diharapkan sistem informasi penitipan ini dapat dikembangkan dalam segi keamanan dan kelengkapan datanya, tambahan fasilitas backup database dan lebih bagus lagi jika ada penambahan RFID dalam proses output dan input data parkir di penitipan.
Deteksi Iris Berdasarkan Metode Black Hole dan Circle Curve Fitting
Authors: Kurnianto Danny , Soesanti Indah , Nugroho Hanung Adi
Published: November 2016

Sistem pengenalan identitas personal berdasarkan ciri biometrika adalah suatu sistem pengenalan seseorang berdasarkan pada ciri biometrika yang melekat pada orang tersebut. Iris mata merupakan salah satu ciri biometrik yang handal untuk sistem pengenalan identitas personal. Bagian sistem pengenalan identitas personal berdasarkan biometrik iris yang dianggap paling krusial adalah deteksi lokasi iris, karena akurasi deteksi iris berpengaruh pada tingkat akurasi sistem secara keseluruhan. Lokasi iris pada citra mata dibatasi oleh dua buah lingkaran yang memisahkan antara bagian iris  dengan pupil dan sklera. Telah banyak metodemetode yang diusulkan oleh para peneliti untuk menghasilkan deteksi lokasi iris dengan akurat dan cepat. Masalah akurasi, kecepatan waktu eksekusi dan ketahanan terhadap noise merupakan bidang penelitian yang menantang pada deteksi iris. Makalah ini menyajikan metode deteksi iris menggunakan metode black hole dan circle curve fitting. Langkah pertama, mencari batas dalam lingkaran iris yang memisahkan antara daerah iris dan pupil. Dengan metode black hole yang bekerja berdasarkan fakta bahwa lokasi pupil merupakan daerah  lingkaran yang paling hitam dan memiliki distribusi nilai intensitas yang seragam, maka lokasi pupil dapat ditentukan dengan teknik pengambangan. Batas lingkaran pupil dapat ditentukan dengan circle curve fitting dari parameter lingkaran daerah pupil. Langkah kedua,  mencari batas luar lingkaran iris yang memisahkan antara iris dan sklera. Peta tepi citra iris dicari dengan menggunakan deteksi tepi Canny, kemudian diambil satu komponen tepi arah vertikal yang dapat mewakili batas lingkaran luar iris. Dari komponen tepi tersebut, dihitung jari-jari iris yang berpusat di pusat pupil. Dengan jari-jari iris dan pusat iris maka dapat ditentukan batas luar iris menggunakan circle curve fitting
Perancangan Sistem Pintu Gerbang dengan Sensor Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) menggunakan Metode Waterfall
Authors: Prasetyo Heru Adi , Usada Elisa
Published: November 2016

Sistem monitoring pada pintu gerbang merupakan bagian yang penting dalam meningkatkan sistem keamanan. Teknologi yang cocok untuk diaplikasikan dipintu gerbang adalah teknologi RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), karena komunikasi antar tag  dengan RFID reader tidak memerlukan kontak langsung, sehingga cocok digunakan pada sistem yang berjalan secara otomatis. Tag RFID dipasang di kendaraan penghuni sebagai kendaraan yang terdaftar di sistem monitoring, sedangkan kendaraan tamu tidak memiliki tag. Model pengembangan perangkat lunak yang dipakai adalah model waterfall, yang terdiri atas analisis kebutuhan sistem, spesifikasi kebutuhan perangkat lunak, desain perangkat lunak (use case, diagram activity, class diagram, danentity relationship diagram), implementasi perangkat lunak (berupa penulisan kode dan implementasi client server), dan pengujian (pengujian alat, pengujian client server, pengujian user requirement, dan pengujian aplikasi). Hasil akhir penelitian ini adalah sistem pintu gerbang yang menggunakan RFID sebagai sensor kendaraan untuk memonitor kendaraan yang keluar masuk. Data kendaraan yang keluar masuk dikelola secara client server dengan antarmuka pengguna berupa aplikasi client server berbasis JAVA
Analisis Link Budget Non Direction Beacon pada Komunikasi Jalur Lintasan Penerbangan
Authors: Wahyudi Eka , Wahyudi Dian , Mahdalena Henni
Published: November 2016

Salah satu redaman propagasi yang harus diperhitungkan ketika menggunakan komunikasi radio pada navigasi udara adalah redaman propagasi atmosfer pada saat malam hari. Adanya redaman propagasi akan mengakibatkan daya terima pada sisi Automatic Direction Finder pada pesawat udara yang dipancarkan oleh Non Direction Beacon akan berkurang karena adanya loss. Berkurangnya daya terima akibat dari toleransi loss yang diperbolehkan yaitu 1.575 dB dari daya pancar, meskipun nilai tersebut sudah mengakibatkan kesalahan penunjukan arah jarum indikator pada kompas Automatic Direction Finder. Untuk itu diperlukan sebuah analisis terhadap pengaruh redaman propagasi atmosfer terhadap daya pancar Non Direction Beacon dan daya terima Automatic Direction Finder. Dengan melakukan perhitungan Link Budget dengan parameter-parameter yang telah tersedia maka didapatkan daya pancar Non Direction Beacon sebesar 85.1957 dB dan daya terima saat terjadi redaman propagasi atmosfer 82.3981 dB. Dari perhitungan disimpulkan bahwa redaman propagasi atmosfer pada malam hari khususnya pada saat matahari terbenam sangat mempengaruhi daya terima
Perbandingan Akurasi Pengukuran Suhu dan Kelembaban Antara Sensor DHT11 dan DHT22
Authors: Saptadi Arief Hendra
Published: November 2016

Suhu dan kelembaban merupakan dua objek pengukuran yang acapkali terdapat di dalam sistem akuisisi data. Terdapat banyak piranti sensor yang berfungsi untuk mengukur dua objek tersebut dan akurasi merupakan salah satu parameter yang dapat digunakan untuk memilihnya. DHT11 dan DHT22 adalah sensor seri DHT dari Aosong Electronics yang dapat melakukan pengukuran suhu dan kelembaban secara serempak dengan keluaran digital. Informasi tentang akurasi terdapat di dalam lembar data keduanya. Kendati pun demikian informasi tersebut tidak menggambarkan kondisi sesungguhnya saat dioperasikan pada lokasi maupun platform tertentu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan akurasi dari DHT11 dan DHT22 dalam pengukuran suhu dan kelembaban saat dioperasikan di dalam maupun di luar ruangan, menggunakan platform ATMEL AVR dan Arduino. Berdasarkan pengujian yang telah dilakukan, DHT22 memiliki akurasi yang lebih baik daripada DHT11 dengan galat relatif pengukuran suhu 4% dan kelembaban 18%. DHT11 sebaliknya memiliki rentang galat yang lebih lebar sebesar 1 – 7% dan 11 – 35%, masing-masing untuk pengukuran suhu dan kelembaban. Perbedaan lokasi dan platform tidak memberikan pengaruh pada hasil pengukuran. Galat pengukuran kelembaban yang masih di atas 10% menunjukkan perlunya kalibrasi ulang. Di masa mendatang, selain akurasi, kepresisian juga perlu diuji menggunakan penghitungan simpangan baku pada hasil-hasil pengukuran.
Penggunaan Web Crawler Untuk Menghimpun Tweets dengan Metode Pre-Processing Text Mining
Authors: Aditya Bayu Rima
Published: November 2016

Saat ini jumlah data di media sosial sudah terbilang sangat besar, namun jumlah data tersebut masih belum banyak dimanfaatkan atau diolah untuk menjadi sesuatu yang bernilai guna, salah satunya adalah tweets pada media sosial twitter. Paper ini menguraikan hasil penggunaan engine web crawel menggunakan metode pre-processing text mining. Penggunaan engine web crawel itu sendiri bertujuan untuk menghimpun tweets melalui API twitter sebagai data teks tidak terstruktur yang kemudian direpresentasikan kembali kedalam bentuk web. Sedangkan penggunaan metode pre-processing bertujuan untuk menyaring tweets melalui tiga tahap, yaitu cleansing, case folding, dan parsing. Aplikasi yang dirancang pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengembangan perangkat lunak yaitu model waterfall dan diimplementasikan dengan bahasa pemrograman PHP. Sedangkan untuk pengujiannya menggunakan black box testing untuk memeriksa apakah hasil perancangan sudah dapat berjalan sesuai dengan harapan atau belum. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah berupa aplikasi yang dapat mengubah tweets yang telah dihimpun menjadi data yang siap diolah lebih lanjut sesuai dengan kebutuhan user berdasarkan kata kunci dan tanggal pencarian. Hal ini dilakukan karena dari beberapa penelitian terkait terlihat bahwa data pada media sosial khususnya twitter saat ini menjadi tujuan perusahaan atau instansi untuk memahami opini masyarakat
Pembangunan Aplikasi Game Android Pengenalan Pola Warna Pada Paud Posdaya
Authors: Permana Silvester Dian Handy
Published: November 2016

Pendidikan anak usia dini (PAUD) adalah jenjang pendidikan sebelum jenjang pendidikan dasar yang merupakan suatu upaya pembinaan yang ditujukan bagi anak berusia dua sampai dengan usia enam tahun. Salah satu aspek dalam kecerdasan yang harus dikembangkan oleh anak usia dini adalah warna. Mereka harus mengenal berbagai jenis warna yang ada. Hal ini harus dilatih untuk mempersiapkan anak usia dini masuk ke jenjang pendidikan selanjutnya. Selain itu, pengenalan warna untuk anak usia dini juga dapat mendeteksi dan mengidentifikasi buta warna pada anak. Hal ini sangatlah penting untuk kelanjutan kehidupan anak dan pendidikan yang akan orang tua berikan kepada anak. Dalam penelitian ini akan dibuat pengenalan pola warna dalam bentuk permainan ponsel dimana saat ini banyak orang tua sudah menggunakan ponsel pintar dalam kehidupan sehari-hari sehingga kita dapat memanfaatkan ponsel pintar tersebut untuk pendidikan. Pengembangan aplikasi ini menggunakan android studio. Pengembangan aplikasi ini menggunakan metode Systems Development Life Cycle. Aplikasi yang dihasilkan adalah program game yang dapat dipasang dalam ponsel pintar khususnya Android. Seluruh fungsionalitas dalam aplikasi ini sudah diuji dan dapat memenuhi harapan dari peneliti untuk mengemas pendidikan dalam game. Pengemasan pendidikan dalam rupa game juga akan menambah daya tertarik anak untuk mempelajari sesuatu yang baru.
Teknik Migrasi Data Lintas DBMS dengan Menggunakan Metadata
Authors: Hidayat Wahyu , Aldhi Muhammad Dwi , Ananda Dahliar
Published: November 2016

Proses migrasi data biasanya dibutuhkan saat adanya perubahan sistem, format, atau tipe storage. Saat ini telah dikenal beberapa teknik dan kakas untuk melakukan migrasi data, misalnya CSV file, ODBC, SQLDump dan sebagainya. Sayangnya tidak semua teknik tersebut dapat diimplementasikan untuk migrasi data antara dua DBMS yang berbeda. Dalam penelitian ini dipaparkan sebuah teknik migrasi data yang dapat digunakan untuk migrasi data lintas DBMS. Teknik migrasi data yang dipaparkan memanfaatkan metadata yang ada di masing-masing DBMS. Proses migrasi data yang dipaparkan di sini melalui tiga tahap yaitu capture, convert dan construct. Sebuah prototype dibangun untuk menguji teknik migrasi data ini. Dengan menggunakan schema HR dilakukan uji coba migrasi data lintas DBMS antara Oracle dan MySQL. Dengan menggunakan teknik ini, migrasi data full-schema membutuhkan waktu rata-rata 20,43 detik dari DBMS Oracle ke MySQL dan 12,96 detik untuk skenario sebaliknya. Adapun untuk migrasi data parsial dibutuhkan waktu rata-rata 5,95 detik dari DBMS Oracle ke MySQL dan 2,19 detik untuk skenario sebaliknya.
Analisis Performansi Perutingan Link State Menggunakan Algoritma Djikstra Pada Platform Software Defined Network (SDN)
Authors: Sudiyatmoko Abu Riza , Hertiana Sofia Naning , Negara Ridha Muldina
Published: November 2016

Software Defined Network (SDN) merupakan paradigma baru dalam sistem jaringan. Konsep dasar yang diusung oleh SDN adalah pemisahan antara layer control dan forward dalam perangkat yang berbeda. Konsep inilah yang menjadi perbedaan anatar SDN dan jaringan konvensional. Selain itu SDN memberikan konsep network topology virtualisation dan memungkinkan administrator untuk melakukan customize pada control plane. Dengan diterapkannya protokol OpenFlow pada SDN maka terdapat peluang untuk menerapkan perutingan flow based pada jaringan SDN dalam pendistribusian data dari source sampai ke destination. Link state IS-IS merupakan protokol routing yang menggunakan algoritma djikstra untuk menentukan jalur terbaik dalam pendistribusian paket. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan analisis terhadap implementasi Link State IS-IS pada paltform SDN dengan menggunakan arsitektur RouteFlow. Parameter yang digunakan adalah  throughput, delay, jitter dan packet loss serta performansi perangkat controller. Hasil pengujian pada kondisi overload yaitu dengan background traffic 125 Mb nilai packet loss mencapai 1,23%, nilai throughput 47,6 Mbp/s dan jitter 2.012 ms. Nilai delay terbesar adalah pada topology 11 switch 11 host yaitu berkisar diangka 553 ms. Sedangkan performansi perangkat controller  dengan konsumsi memory pada saat menjalankan mengontrol jaringan berkisar diantara 25,638%  sampai  39,04%
Modifikasi Pembagi Daya Wilkinson Dual Band pada Frekuensi L-Band dan S-Band
Authors: Zuqri Fithqoti Afiroh , Nugroho Bambang Setia , Syihabuddin Budi
Published: November 2016

Pembagi daya Wilkinson merupakan pembagi daya yang menggunakan saluran dengan panjang ?/4 dan menyisipkan komponen isolasi antar kedua port keluaran. Dengan menggunakan panjang saluran ?/4, bandwidth yang dihasilkan relatif sempit karena berhubungan dengan panjang saluran yang tetap. Penelitian ini melakukan modifikasi dari penelitian sebelumnya yang dapat menghasilkan pembagi daya Wilkinson yang bersifat dual band menjadi wide band dengan area kerja dari rentang L-Band hingga S-Band. Dari simulasi didapatkan bandwidth dari nilai returnloss dibawah -10 dB sebesar 3.6355 GHz, dan nilai isolasi antara port 2 dan port 3, pada frekuensi 1,27 GHz dan 2,3 GHz, nilai isolasi parameter S23 dan S32 dengan komponen isolasi resistor 100 ohm bernilai -9,7521 dB dan -12,3626 dB
Russian-Armenian scientific cooperation from the viewpoint of joint publication activity (on DBs «Web of Science Core Collection», «Scopus», Russian Science Citation Index for 2005-2014)
Authors: Mokhnacheva Y. V.
Published: November 2016

The Commonwealth of Independent States creation in 1991 was a new reality for cooperation and development of post-Soviet states. Russia and Armenia have long close and stable relations in the scientific-educational sphere. The article objective is to evaluate the joint Russian-Armenian documentary flow in various scientific fields for ten years (2005-2014). As the research information base three main resources were studied that allow analyzing the co-publication activity: «Web of Science Core Collection» (Thomson Reuters); Scopus (Elsevier); RISC (OLC «Scientific Electronic Library»). Research articles and reviews were considered. The Russian-Armenian documentary flow dynamics was studied with the differentiation by arrays: publications, whose authors are both the Russian and Armenian scientists; publication created with and without participation in major international collaborations; publications involving authors of third countries; publication without the participation of third countries authors. Evaluation indicators of the joint Russian-Armenian publication activity were: the publications number dynamics; average citation; frequency distribution of publications on periodicals; frequency distribution of joint publications on areas of knowledge. The study reveals growing the number of publications, whose authors are Russian and Armenian scientists working in large international collaborations (ATLAS, CMS Collaboration, ALICE Collaboration, etc.) recent years. Such publications citation is quite high: the level of citation exceeds the world average parameters two-seven times for these years. The level of the cited publication carried on without international collaborations is 62-155% of the world average indicators. The documentary flow out of collaborations, but with the participation of third countries authors has a varied dynamic with an average growth rate about 1% (WoS) to 2% (Scopus). The main co-author states as «third» countries are: Germany, Italy, the USA and the UK. Main cooperation between Russia and Armenia takes place in physics and astronomy (about 1/2 of joint publications); chemistry (8%) and biology (6%) and material science (6%). Sciences spectrum of joint research is represented by 23 branches of knowledge. The study results showed a high level of the Russian-Armenian scientific ties with good development potential.
On the problem of domestic library science genesis and its scientific status
Authors: Pleshkevich E. A.
Published: November 2016

The article is dedicated to the domestic library science formation and development. It reviews and analyzes the concept proposed by A. N. Vaneev, according to which librarianship has emerged as a branch of science. This concept is based on the following facts: first, on the etymology of the term «bibliotekovedenie» meaning the knowledge on library; secondly, on the opinion of a participant of the discussion that took place in print in 1865, that library science and its works were not possible; that in 1910-1920s it was dominated the view on the library science as a branch of knowledge, and in 1930s the library science was declared a bourgeois science. Therefore, only in 1960s, the library science began to take shape of a scientific discipline, resulting in the duality, to overcome which it was proposed to replace the term «bibliotekovedenie (studying library)» with the term «library science» by A. Vaneev. The concept analysis showed that it was not confirmed neither etymologically nor pictographically. The author's concept is proposed, according to which the library science was formed as a scientific discipline during the XIX century. First, it is based on the thesis that the concept «branch of knowledge» is a library classification notion, whereas the concept «scientific discipline» is a scientific term, therefore they cannot be opposed to each other; second, on the view of science as systematic and focused research activities of a particular subject area. Therefore, it arises when there is the identification of this subject area. Such are the aspects of library activities to ensure public interests in the sphere of science, education and enlightenment. In practice, this was manifested in the «governmentalization» of librarianship and subordinating it to the Ministry of education. Understanding the subject area of library science by scholars was in the mid XIX century. The systematic character of scientific knowledge was achieved by institutionalization, through vesting the leading libraries of the country functions of scientific institutions, creating the library communities, professional printing, etc. All this took place during the whole XIX century. Thus, according to the author's proposed concept the formation of national library science as a scientific discipline ended in the late XIX - early XX century finally.
Short-Term Load Forecasting Using Adaptive Annealing Learning Algorithm Based Reinforcement Neural Network
Authors: Lee Cheng-Ming , Ko Chia-Nan
Published: November 2016

A reinforcement learning algorithm is proposed to improve the accuracy of short-term load forecasting (STLF) in this article. The proposed model integrates radial basis function neural network (RBFNN), support vector regression (SVR), and adaptive annealing learning algorithm (AALA). In the proposed methodology, firstly, the initial structure of RBFNN is determined by using SVR. Then, an AALA with time-varying learning rates is used to optimize the initial parameters of SVR-RBFNN (AALA-SVR-RBFNN). In order to overcome the stagnation for searching optimal RBFNN, a particle swarm optimization (PSO) is applied to simultaneously find promising learning rates in AALA. Finally, the short-term load demands are predicted by using the optimal RBFNN. The performance of the proposed methodology is verified on the actual load dataset from Taiwan Power Company (TPC). Simulation results reveal that the proposed AALA-SVR-RBFNN can achieve a better load forecasting precision as compared to various RBFNNs.
Biomass Equations for 24 Understory Species in Coniferous and Broadleaved Mixed Forests in Northeastern China
Authors: He Huaijiang , Zhang Chunyu , Du Fengguo , Zhao Xiuhai , Yang Song , Zuo Qiang
Published: November 2016

Understory plants are important components of forest ecosystem productivity and diversity. Compared to biomass models of overstory canopy trees, few are available for understory saplings and shrubs and therefore their roles in estimation of forest carbon pools are often ignored. In this study, we harvested 24 understory species including 4 saplings, 9 tree-like shrubs and 11 typical shrubs in coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest in northeastern China and developed the best fit allometric equations of above- and below-ground and total biomass by species-specific or multispecies using morphological measurements of basal diameter, height and crown area as independent variables. The result showed that single basal diameter, height or crown area had good explanatory power for both species-specific and multispecies (p<0.001). The best-fit models included only basal diameter in sapling and tree-like shrubs, and combinations of crown area, height, and basal diameter in typical shrubs. The logarithmic model was most desired among the 4 model forms of linear, quadratic, multiple linear and logarithmic, for species-specific and multispecies. The models we developed should help the estimation of forest ecosystem carbon stocks, especially for belowground component, and provide tools for quantification of individual species biomass of understory plants.
Glacier Mass Balance and Catchment-Scale Water Balance in Bolivian Andes
Authors: Liu Tong ,   International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management (ICHARM) under the auspices of UNESCO, Public Works Research Institute 1-6, Minamihara, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8516, Japan †,, Kinouchi Tsuyoshi , Mendoza Javier , Iwami Yoichi ,   School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan,   Institute of Hydraulics and Hydrology (IHH), Mayor de San Andres University (UMSA), La Paz, Bolivia
Published: November 2016

In investigating glacier mass balance and water balance at Huayna Potosi West, a glacierized basin in the Bolivian Andes (Cordillera Real), we used a remote sensing method with empirical area-volume relationships, a hydrological method with runoff coefficients, and water balance method. Results suggest that remote sensing method based on the glacier area from satellite images and area-volume relationships is too imprecise to use in performing analysis in short time intervals. Glacier mass balance obtained using a new area-volume relationship was, however, similar to that obtained by the water balance method, thus proving that the new area-volume relationship is reasonable to use for analyzing glaciers within a certain size range. The hydrological method with a runoff coefficient considered glacier as the only storage for saving or contributing to runoff and nonglacier area as the only source of evaporation. We applied a fixed runoff coefficient of 0.8 without considering wet or dry seasons in nonglacier areas – a method thus sensitive to meteorological and hydrological data. We also did not consider glacier sublimation. The water balance method is applicable to the study region and excelled other methods in terms of resolution, having no empirical coefficients, and considering sublimation and evaporation. Among its few limitations are possibly underestimating evaporation and runoff over nonglacier areas during wet months and thus possibly overestimating glacier contribution at mean time.
Meteorological Drought and Flood Assessment Using the Comparative SPI Approach in Asia Under Climate Change
Authors: Hasegawa Akira ,   International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management (ICHARM), Public Works Research Institute (PWRI) 1-6 Minamihara, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8516, Japan, Gusyev Maksym , Iwami Yoichi ,   ,
Published: November 2016

The standardized precipitation index (SPI) has been used to monitor and analyze meteorological droughts using long-term monthly precipitation from national meteorological and hydrological services on multiple timescales. Instead of evaluating climatic impacts with separately-computed SPI for present and future climates, we introduced the comparative SPI (cSPI) computed using target (future) datasets on the basis of a reference (present) dataset. The cSPI approach evaluates standardized precipitation change in one dataset for different periods and for different datasets in a common period. Using 12-month cSPI, we investigate the change in central conditions and in the probabilities of dry and wet conditions between present and future climates. Meteorological drought and flood hazards in Asia are examined with MRI-AGCM3.2S, a 20-km mesh global atmospheric model, time-slice experiments of the present (1979–2003) and future (2075–2099) with four different sea surface temperature patterns. As one result indicates, the median of the 12-month cSPI shifts to severely dry around the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf, and to extremely wet in the Tibetan Plateau, North and South India, and around the Yellow Sea. Therefore, we conclude that the cSPI approach is a useful way to characterize both future drought and flood hazards under climate change.
Method to Develop Critical Rainfall Conditions for Occurrences of Sediment-Induced Disasters and to Identify Areas Prone to Landslides
Authors: Yamazaki Yusuke ,   International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management 1-6 Minamihara, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken 305-8516, Japan, Egashira Shinji , Iwami Yoichi ,   ,
Published: November 2016

The present study demonstrates a method to specify critical rainfall conditions for the occurrence of a sediment disaster and identify areas prone to landslides using a simulator proposed by the current authors for sediment hazards. The simulator predicts spatial and temporal distributions for surface and subsurface flows, landslides, and debris flow resulting from rainfall events. The method to develop a critical curve for the occurrence of a disaster is proposed using simulated landslide data derived from artificially specified rainfall conditions, past rainfall data, and disaster records. Usually, a rainfall event also constitutes a period without rain, and this method can be used to evaluate the influence of the no-rain period. In addition, we propose a method to classify slopes according to the probability of landslide occurrences on a domain defined by slope gradient versus catchment area, using data on landslides resulting from a specified rainfall amount and intensity. Areas identified as having a high probability of landslide occurrences correspond to the runout mark of landslides and debris flow in August 2014.
The 2015 Flood Impact due to the Overflow and Dike Breach of Kinu River in Joso City, Japan
Authors: Nagumo Naoko ,   International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management, Public Works Research Institute 1-6 Minamihara, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan, Ohara Miho , Kuribayashi Daisuke , Sawano Hisaya ,   ,
Published: November 2016

Heavy rainfall in September 2015 inundated the Kinu River basin and caused an overflow and dike breach of the river in the eastern part of Joso City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. The area, which is bounded by the Kinu and Kokai Rivers, experienced deep inundation of more than 2.5 m, which continued for more than 3 days at the maximum level. Although the estimated maximum inundation depth and duration were basically related to the elevation and distribution of topographic surfaces, strong flood flow washed buildings away near the overflow and dike breach sites and caused deep inundation even though these sites were located on a relatively higher natural levee. In addition, serious damages such as interruption of emergency transportation routes and deep inundation over floor level occurred, isolating evacuation centers and important facilities including a municipal hall and hospitals. Few residents utilized the pre-prepared flood hazard map or understood the local geography, and evacuation orders were not fully transmitted to the local residents, which might have increased the flood’s impact.
Exploration of an adaptive merging scheme for optimal precipitation estimation over ungauged urban catchment
Authors: Fadhel Sherien , Rico-Ramirez Miguel Angel , Han Dawei
Published: November 2016

Merging rain gauge and radar data improves the accuracy of precipitation estimation for urban areas. Since the rain gauge network around the ungauged urban catchment is fixed, the relevant question relates to the optimal merging area that produces the best rainfall estimation inside the catchment. Thus, an incremental radar-gauge merging was performed by gradually increasing the distance from the centre of the study area, the number of merging gauges around it and the radar domain. The proposed adaptive merging scheme is applied to a small urban catchment in west Yorkshire, Northern England, for 118 extreme events from 2007 to 2009. The performance of the scheme is assessed using four experimental rain gauges installed inside the study area. The result shows that there is indeed an optimum radar-gauge merging area and consequently there is an optimum number of rain gauges that produce the best merged rainfall data inside the study area. Different merging methods produce different results for both classified and unclassified rainfall types. Although the scheme was applied on daily data, it is applicable to other temporal resolutions. This study has importance for other studies such as urban flooding analysis, since it provides improved rainfall estimation for ungauged urban catchments.
Modified Cabrol shunt in surgery for Type A acute aortic dissection
Authors: Boldyrev S. Yu. , Kaleda V. I. , Trishina A. M. , Tekueva Z. E. , Dumanyan E. S. , Skopets A. A. , Barbukhatti K. O. , Porkhanov V. A.
Published: November 2016

Bleeding after surgery for acute aortic dissection in patients who receive antithrombotic therapy for incorrect diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome is a serious challenge for the surgical team. In this setting, additional control of bleeding may be achieved by using a modified Cabrol shunt. In this report we present our experience in acute Type A aortic dissection surgery.
Single fronto-temporal sylvian vein reconstruction when treating a large partially thrombosed aneurysm of the M1 middle cerebral artery
Authors: Dubovoy A V , Ovsyannikov K S , Amelin M E
Published: November 2016

The article describes a clinical case of clipping the neck of large partially thrombosed aneurysm by using a transsylvian approach. A feature of the case is an atypical structure of the Sylvian fissure, with just one vein draining both the frontal and the temporal lobes and hindering access to the Sylvian fissure. The problem was solved by cutting the vein, performing the aneurysm neck clipping and suturing the cut vein by means of end-to-end technique.

Received 19 April 2016. Accepted 7 September 2016.

Funding: The study had no sponsorship.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Случай диагностики и лечения кардиомиопатии «некомпактный миокард» с применением имплантированного кардиовертера-дефибриллятора
Authors: Доровских И. Е. , Вахненко Ю. В. , Шабанов В. В. , Гордиенко Е. Н. , Вереветинов А. Н.
Published: November 2016

The article presents a case of non-compact myocardium primary diagnosis of a woman of 45 years, who has complained of general weakness, pain in the heart and interruptions in its work, shortness of breath and dizziness from her youth. A peculiarity of this case is that the patient was initially examined locally and diagnosed with rheumatic heart disease and then with ischemic heart disease. However, the age at which the disease made its debut, the characteristics of pain in the heart, the severity of symptoms of arrhythmia and heart failure, no changes of blood lipid spectrum and other signs of atherosclerosis raised doubts about the presence of angina. Since the clinical syndromes showed a marked violation of all basic functions of the heart muscle, differential diagnostics with diffuse myocarditis was performed, which led to the latter’s exclusion. During ECHO CT followed by transesophageal ECHO at the Academy’s Cardiac Surgery Department, primary “non-compact myocardium” cardiomyopathy was diagnosed. Provided the patient’s complex arrhythmias, a cardioverter-defibrillator with a pacemaker function was implanted and her health significantly improved.

Received 9 August 2016. Accepted 28 September 2016.

Funding: The study has not been sponsored or awarded a grant.
Conflict of interest:The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Comparative evaluation of dermal equivalent effectiveness in neuropathic/and neuroischemic form of diabetic foot syndrome
Authors: Kotslova A A , Binienko M A , Galileeva A N , Yudintseva N M , Sheyanov S D , Davidenko V V , Vlasov T D
Published: November 2016

Aim. It was to evaluate the effectiveness of dermal equivalent application when treating ulcers in patients with neuropathic and neuroischemic forms of diabetic foot syndrome (DFS), as well as to compare it with conventional treatment.
Methods. The study included 60 patients with DFS neuropathic and neuroischemic forms who were treated at Purulent Surgery Departments of War Veterans Hospital and City Hospital No. 14 (Saint Petersburg, Russia) in 2013–2016 years. The patients were divided in two subgroups comparable in age and sex: subgroup A included patients with DFS neuropatic form, subgroup B – those with DFS neuroischemic form. Thus, the study group of patients was formed, who, in addition to conventional treatment of diabetic ulcers, received dermal equivalent application. To assess the effectiveness of dermal equivalent use, two control groups: 10 patients with a neuropathic form and 10 patients with a neuroischemic form of DFS were formed and routinely managed.
Results. 33 patients (82.5%) (18 patients from subgroup A and 15 patients from subgroup B) out of 40 patients of the study group demonstrated a significantly higher rate of epithelization (p<0.05) as compared to the corresponding subgroup in the control group.
Conclusion. The efficacy of dermal equivalent is higher when treating a neuropathic form of DFS. The speed of epithelization after the use of dermal equivalent in patients with a neuropathic form of DFS is higher in comparison with a neuroischemic form of DFS.

Received 5 August 2016. Accepted 23 September 2016.

Funding: The study has not been sponsored or awarded a grant.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict interests.
Responders and nonresponders after catheter ablation procedure and antiarrhythmic drug therapy in patients with paroxysmal AF: data from implantable cardiac monitors
Authors: Simonyan A A , Kolesnikov V N , Vilenskiy L I , Krivosheev Yu S , Bashta D I , Gatilo M Yu , Myznikova T A , Miskhodzheva Z A
Published: November 2016

Aim. The aim of this study was to assess the number of responders and nonresponders after catheter ablation procedure and antiarrhythmic drug therapy (AAD) in patients with paroxysmal AF through implantable cardiac monitors (ICM).
Methods. 92 patients with paroxysmal AF were randomized into two groups: 1) AAD + ICM implantation (group I; n=46), and 2) AF catheter ablation (CA) + ICM implantation (group II; n=46), and 2). Patients with an AF% < 0.5% were considered AF-free (responders). Patients with AF% > 0.5% were classified as nonresponders. The follow up of this study was 24 months.
Results. At the end of the follow-up period 13 (28.3%) patients in AAD group and 29 (63 %) patients in CA group were responders (log-rank test; р=0.0009; HR 2,6; 95% CI [1.44-4.69], р=0.001, Cox regression). According to multivariate logistic regression analysis data, AF burden>4.5% during the first two months after treatment (odds ratio [OR]=38,9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.2–245; P<0.001), arterial hypertension (OR=12.7; 95% CI, 1.9–85.3; P=0.009) and AF duration more than 5 years (OR=8.5; 95% CI, 1.04–69.6; P=0.044) were independent predictors of AF burden progression
Conclusion. According to implantable cardiac monitors data,
in patients with paroxysmal AF radiofrequency catheter ablation as compared to antiarrhythmic drug therapy results in higher percentage of responders.

Received 10 July 2016. Accepted 22 August 2016.

Funding: The study had no sponsorship.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Investigation on the Effect of Poly(butylmethacrylate)/attapulgite Nanocomposites for Oil Absorption
Authors: Wang Jintao , Wang Aiqin
Published: November 2016

In this work, a series of novel polybutylmethacrylate (PBMA)/attapulgite (APT) were synthesized by suspended emulsion polymerization, using ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as crosslinker. The nanocomposites were characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of polymerization variables including amount of initiator, amount of crosslinker, and APT content on oil absorbency were investigated, and the swelling kinetics in toluene and chloroform was also systematically evaluated. The results indicated that incorporating 7 wt% APT into PBMA polymeric network could enhance the oil absorbency and oil absorption rate of the oil‐absorbing resin. Furthermore, the developed nanocomposites also exhibited good reusability and oil‐retention capabilities. The nanocomposites are expected to find practical applications in the recovery of spilled oils and the treatment of wastewater.