bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Road Traffic Exposure and Human Health
Authors: Mak Kai-Long , Loh Wai-Keung Anthony
Published: May 2022

Hong Kong is highly urbanised and a substantial proportion of the population lives within proximity to the roadside. The association between long-term exposure to road traffic air pollution and risks to human health has attracted much research attention in western countries but perhaps not enough in Hong Kong, although they have been lobbying topics favoured by environmentalists. This study relates the pulmonary function of samples to the living air quality. The study focuses on five residential areas and five business areas in Hong Kong. Samples are required to take a pulmonary function test. Air pollutants PM2.5, PM10, CO2 and CO were monitored as well. Statistical regression was further applied to quantify the significant contributors to pulmonary function. This study showed that the pulmonary function in terms of FVC has a significant difference in different areas. The samples that lived in heavy traffic areas had relatively poor value in terms of FVC. Last but not least, a statistical regression model was conducted and showed that PM10 and CO have a significant negative impact on lung function. This result raises the alarm about high-density town planning and also expresses the importance of promoting electric vehicles in Hong Kong.
Neglecting Quality Assurance Practices in Colleges of Education in Ghana is too Expensive to Attempt: Analysis of Sociological Variables
Authors: Lemaire Margaret B. , Adams Francis H. , Adibi Maria-Goretti D.
Published: May 2022

This study sought to find out the state of the structures of quality assurance practices in Colleges of Education in Ghana. It specifically explored the sociological variables and the challenges associated with ensuring quality assurance practices in the management of the Colleges of Education. The design for the research was   non experimental descriptive survey and data were gathered through the use of questionnaires. There were 3 sets of questionnaires one for each group namely principals, tutors and students of five colleges of education. Each of the questionnaires were validated and their reliability tested with a Cronbach’s co efficient alpha of 0.829 for the students and 0.914 for the tutors. The results were an indication of good reliability estimate. In all, 5 principals, 180 tutors and 1,153 students were given the questionnaires. Findings from the study suggested that students admitted to the Colleges enter with poor grades. The libraries are also not well-equipped for students and tutors to support quality teaching and learning. The study also found out that the professional experience of tutors in the Colleges was excellent. Based on the findings, it is recommended that, firstly, admissions should be based on the Ghana Tertiary Education (GTEC) requirements for tertiary institutions. Secondly, principals should be encouraged to attend institutional management courses to improve upon their management styles. Thirdly, adequate financial resources should be allocated to the Library so that current books, journals and reference books can be purchased to improve teaching and learning. Fourthly, quality assurance units should be established in the Colleges to ensure quality.
Development of a recombinant oncolytic poliovirus type 3 strain with altered cell tropism
Authors: Hamad A , Soboleva AV , Vorobyev PO , Mahmoud M , Vasilenko KV , Chumakov PM , Lipatova AV
Published: May 2022

Diffuse gliomas are incurable, prevalent, and aggressive central nervous system tumors. Therefore, the development of selective oncolytic viral strains for malignant neoplasms is highly relevant. This study aimed to create an oncolytic virus based on a vaccine strain of poliovirus type 3 with natural antitumor activity. To achieve this goal, we replaced the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of poliovirus with the corresponding fragment of human rhinovirus 30. The resulting recombinant oncolytic strain RVP3 retained the serotype of poliovirus type 3, as confirmed by virus neutralization micro-test with specific antiserum. In addition, the oncolytic efficacy of RVP3 was assessed in vitro on a broad panel of cell cultures. According to the results, RVP3 has changed its tropism, losing the ability to replicate in conditionally normal cell lines of embryonic astrocytes and embryonic fibroblasts while retaining the ability to replicate in tumor cells.
Introdução: Análise das estratégias do Plano Nacional de Educação II
Authors: Moraes Gustavo Henrique , M. de Albuquerque Ana Elizabeth
Published: May 2022

A partir da aprovação do Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE), a Lei nº 13.005, de 25 de junho de 2014, destinou ao Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (Inep) a responsabilidade de publicar estudos para aferir a evolução no cumprimento das Metas estabelecidas no Plano. Da mesma forma, a Lei nº 14.113, de 25 de dezembro de 2020, que regulamenta o Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica e de Valorização dos Profissionais da Educação (Fundeb), legou ao Inep a competência para monitorar as condicionalidades e elaborar a metodologia de cálculo dos indicadores que disciplinarão a distribuição dos recursos do Fundo.
Quais são os níveis adequados de aprendizado para os estudantes brasileiros da educação básica
Authors: Bof Alvana Maria
Published: May 2022

A melhoria da qualidade da educação básica, com a garantia de níveis adequados/ suficientes de aprendizado, é demandada no Plano Nacional de Educação (2014- 2024), na Meta 7, Estratégia 7.2, que prevê assegurar que todos os estudantes dos ensinos fundamental e médio alcancem nível “suficiente” de aprendizado em relação aos direitos e objetivos de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento de seu ano de estudo. O monitoramento dessa meta e da estratégia está prejudicado, uma vez que não há, ainda, a definição oficial de qual é o nível “suficiente” de aprendizado nas áreas avaliadas no Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (Saeb). A definição dos níveis/padrões de aprendizado no Saeb é demandada ainda em face da iminente configuração do novo Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (Ideb) e da Lei nº 14.113/2020, que regulamenta o novo Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica e de Valorização dos Profissionais da Educação (Fundeb). O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um estudo preliminar para contribuir com o debate e a construção de uma proposta nacional da definição dos níveis/padrões de aprendizado no âmbito do Saeb. Parte-se de uma revisão da literatura sobre definições/propostas já existentes e apresentamse análises comparativas das interpretações pedagógicas dos níveis “adequados” de aprendizado em Língua Portuguesa (leitura) de proposições consideradas viáveis e um conjunto de habilidades descritas na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) nos anos/série e área correspondentes. Adicionalmente, apresenta-se uma análise comparativa de habilidades descritas no nível adequado de aprendizado em leitura dessas proposições para o 9º ano do ensino fundamental e habilidades descritas na escala de leitura do Programa Internacional de Avaliação de Estudantes (Pisa). Ao final, tecem-se considerações sobre uma proposta para a definição oficial dos níveis/padrões de aprendizado no Saeb, a ser discutida e validada num processo de concertação nacional orquestrado pelo Inep e pelo MEC em articulação com os entes federados, sistemas de educação, entidades representativas dos professores, órgãos, instituições e organizações vinculadas à educação, pesquisadores e comunidades científicas e educacionais.
Como expandir as matrículas Em cursos técnicos?
Authors: Moraes Gustavo Henrique , M. de Albuquerque Ana Elizabeth , Dos Santos Robson , De S. Moreira O. da Silva Susiane
Published: May 2022

Expandir as matrículas nos cursos técnicos é um desafio ao mesmo tempo histórico e urgente da educação brasileira. Apesar dos muitos esforços empreendidos durante décadas, a magnitude da educação profissional ainda ocupa níveis muito inferiores às reais demandas da sociedade. Entre aqueles que se dedicam à modalidade, restam divergências acerca de como equacionar deve ser utilizada para equacionar de vez esse problema educacional. Tomando como referência o Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE), os autores defendem que a desejada expansão deve seguir o caminho indicado pelas 14 estratégias que compõem a Meta 11 do PNE. A partir dessa inferência, são realizadas análises sobre cada uma das estratégias, buscando aferir os seus graus de desenvolvimento e as limitações que impedem as suas plenas implementações. Por fim, à luz dos resultados alcançados, é sugerido um conjunto de ações que buscam otimizar o efeito desejado das políticas públicas, atualizando o debate educacional.
Os impactos dos planos de carreira na valorização dos professores da educação básica pública municipal
Authors: Barbosa Lima Márcio Alexandre , Ramos de Azevedo Alexandre
Published: May 2022

Este trabalho investiga a influência da implantação de planos de carreira (Meta 18 do PNE) na melhoria dos resultados de alguns indicadores de valorização dos professores (Metas 15, 16 e 17), tais como os percentuais de docentes da educação básica com: a) formação inicial em cursos de licenciatura ou cursos superiores com complementação pedagógica; b) titulação em nível de pós-graduação; c) cursos de formação continuada em serviço. Realizando pesquisa nos principais marcos legais que ajudaram a constituir o conceito de valorização dos profissionais da educação e fazendo uso de informações quantitativas fornecidas pelo Censo Escolar do Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (Inep) e pela Pesquisa de Informações Básicas Municipais do IBGE, o texto defende a tese de que os planos de carreira têm sido instrumentos centrais para a efetivação do princípio constitucional da valorização dos profissionais da educação, em especial dos professores, e mostra como se deu a implantação paulatina dos planos de carreiras nos municípios brasileiros, bem como a evolução dos números e os percentuais de professores por tipo de vínculo ou de contratação. Por fim, através de análises descritivas de dados quantitativos e de testes estatísticos de associação entre variáveis qualitativas ou categóricas – teste quiquadrado e coeficiente de contingência de Pearson – o trabalho conclui que os docentes dos municípios com planos de carreira têm resultados melhores nos indicadores de formação (inicial e continuada) e de titulação em nível de pós-graduação do que aqueles de onde os planos de carreira não estão implantados. Entretanto, esses indicadores estão associados, em maior intensidade, à contratação dos professores por meio de concurso público e com vínculo estável, principalmente no que tange à formação superior adequada e à titulação em nível de pós-graduação. Há indícios também de que combinar a existência de plano de carreira com a contratação por concurso público e com estabilidade pode trazer melhores resultados, principalmente no indicador relativo à formação continuada.
Eventos adversos em unidades de saúde do estado da Bahia, antes e durante a COVID-19
Authors: Oliveira Larayne Gallo Farias de , Boere Vanner , Silva Ita de Oliveira e
Published: May 2022

Os eventos adversos (EA) na assistência à saúde são incidentes que resultam em dano evitável ao paciente. A COVID-19 alterou rotinas em hospitais, podendo se refletir nos índices de EA. Com dados da vigilância sanitária (Notivisa), comparou-se a ocorrência mensal de EA antes e durante da pandemia em instituições de saúde do estado da Bahia, Brasil. Os EA ocorreram significativamente mais (P=0,03) durante a COVID-19 comparado à média mensal dos anos anteriores. Três fatos parecem ter contribuído para o aumento dos EA: a sobrecarga para o atendimento ao COVID-19; má gestão dos serviços de saúde; e informações conflitantes sobre protocolos de procedimentos preventivos e terapêuticos. Sugere-se que houve um aumento do custo econômico, do sofrimento de pacientes e das equipes de saúde durante a pandemia devido à maior frequência de EA. 

Descritores: Anvisa, COVID-19, Segurança do Paciente, Vigilância em Saúde.

 

Adverse events in health facilities in the state of Bahia, before and during COVID-19

Abstract: Adverse events (AE) in health care are incidents that result in preventable harm to the patient. COVID-19 changed routines in hospitals, which may be reflected in AE rates. Using data from health surveillance (Notivisa), the monthly occurrence of AE before and during the pandemic was compared in health institutions in the state of Bahia, Brazil. AEs occurred significantly more (P=0.03) during COVID-19 compared to the monthly average of previous years. Three facts seem to have contributed to the increase in AE: the burden of attending to COVID-19; poor management of health services; and conflicting information on protocols for preventive and therapeutic procedures. It is suggested that there was an increase in the economic cost, suffering of patients and health teams during the pandemic due to the higher frequency of AE.

Descriptors: Anvisa, COVID-19, Patient Safety, Health Surveillance.

 

Eventos adversos en establecimientos de salud del estado de Bahía, antes y durante el COVID-19

Resumen: Los eventos adversos (EA) en el cuidado de la salud son incidentes que resultan en daños prevenibles para el paciente. COVID-19 cambió las rutinas en los hospitales, lo que puede reflejarse en las tasas de EA. Utilizando datos de vigilancia de la salud (Notivisa), se comparó la ocurrencia mensual de EA antes y durante la pandemia en instituciones de salud del estado de Bahía, Brasil. Los EA ocurrieron significativamente más (P = 0.03) durante COVID-19 en comparación con el promedio mensual de años anteriores. Tres hechos parecen haber contribuido al aumento de EA: la carga de atender COVID-19; mala gestión de los servicios de salud; e información contradictoria sobre protocolos de procedimientos preventivos y terapéuticos. Se sugiere que hubo un aumento en el costo económico, sufrimiento de los pacientes y equipos de salud durante la pandemia debido a la mayor frecuencia de EA.

Descriptores: Anvisa, COVID-19, Seguridad del Paciente, Vigilancia de la Salud.
Effect of high hydrostatic pressure on the in vitro development and molecular quality of transgenic rabbit embryos derived from nano-transfected zygotes
Authors: Dzięgiel Natalia , Jura Jacek , Samiec Marcin
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) on the in vitro developmental abilities of nano-transfected rabbit zygotes, their transfection efficiency, and the molecular quality of the blastocysts generated. This quality was assessed by estimating the quantitative profiles of Oct4, Casp7, and Bcl2 mRNA transcripts. The nano-transfection efficiencies of zygotes that had been pre-treated with either 20 MPa or 40 MPa of HHP (13.5% and 13.7%, respectively) were insignificantly lower than those found in zygotes not exposed to HHP prior to their nano-transfection (20.1%; P≥0.05). Moreover, applying HHP treatment with the parameters of 20 MPa and 40 MPa followed by the nano-transfection of zygotes brought about an insignificant decrease in the rates of embryos at the blastocyst stage (30.4% and 23.0%, respectively) as compared to the control group of nano-transfected zygotes (40.4%; P≥0.05). Furthermore, analyzing the transcriptional activity of Oct4, Bcl2, and Casp7 genes revealed that HHP enhances the relative abundance (RA) of all mRNA transcripts in blastocysts derived from non-transfected rabbit zygotes. In turn, the augmented RAs found in the pro-apoptotic Casp7 and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 transcripts confirmed the onset and progression of programmed cell death in blastocysts developed from nano-transfected zygotes that had undergone HHP pre-treatment. The conceptualization based not only on a novel nano-transfection approach used to genetically modify in vivo-fertilized rabbit zygotes but also on their HHP pre-treatment is elaborated here for the first time, with an emphasis on further investigations aimed at producing transgenic rabbit and other mammalian species embryos by somatic cell cloning.
Pharmacotherapeutic potential of astaxanthin: Human and animal targeting roles – A review
Authors: El Basuini Mohammed F. , El-Bilawy Emad H. , Kari Zulhisyam Abdul , Raza Sayed Haidar Abbas , Tapingkae Wanaporn , Van Doan Hien , Dawood Mahmoud A.O.
Published: May 2022

The recent pandemic stress and the impacts of climatic changes on humans’ and animals’ health status and well-being resulted in severe drawbacks. Initially, stress-induced oxidation resulting from the generation of free radicals led to the impairment of cellular function and a high possibility of attack with infection. Astaxanthin is a bioactive material derived from fish, crustaceans, and algae with high antioxidative potential. Astaxanthin is a lipid-soluble carotenoid that can easily cross through the cellular membrane layers to catch the reactive oxygen metabolites. Astaxanthin also has pigmentation properties making it suitable for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, nutraceutical, agriculture, and aquaculture sectors. Recently, astaxanthin is suggested as a natural scavenger for free radicals induced by COVID-19. Besides, using astaxanthin as antioxidative and immunostimulant agents is well-reported in several clinical studies. The output of these investigations should be simplified and presented to the scientific community to utilize the available information and fill the gap of knowledge. Also, it is necessary to update the researchers with the recent recommendations of applying astaxanthin in vivo and in vitro to help in proposing new horizons for engaging natural antioxidative agents to protect human and animal health. Herein, this review article tackled the nature, sources, potential roles, applicable sides, and availability of astaxanthin to fortify the scientific community with the required knowledge for further research efforts.
The effects of dietary stachyose as prebiotic on immunity and antioxidant related genes’ expression and lipid metabolism in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Aski Hesamaddin Shirzad , Hoseinifar Seyed Hossein , Bayani Mahsan , Reeisi Mojtaba , Khalili Mohsen , El-Haroun Ehab , Van Doan Hien
Published: May 2022

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to examine the efficacy of stachyose as a prebiotic on immune parameters, antioxidant-/immune-related genes’ expression, and lipid metabolism of zebrafish. Three hundred zebrafish (0.45 ± 0.08 g) were fed four diets containing different stachyose levels at 0, 1, 2 and 4 g kg−1, respectively. After eight weeks of the feeding trial, immunity, antioxidant defence and lipid metabolism were tested. It was observed that the addition of stachyose to the diet induced no significant influence (P>0.05) in SOD, GPX, and CAT, gene’s expression, compared to the control diet. The inclusion of stachyose resulted in no significant changes in immune gene expression (Lyz, IL-1, IL-6, and TNF) in zebrafish (P>0.05) compared to the control diet. Total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL (low-density lipoprotein) significantly (P<0.05) decreased with the addition of 2 and 4 g kg−1 stachyose, while fish fed the control diet and 1 g.kg−1 recorded the highest significant value of LDL (P<0.05). Fish fed diet, either control diet or diet supplemented with 0.5 g kg−1 stachyose, recorded the lowest HDL value (P<0.05) compared to other treatments. In conclusion, stachyose can be potentially used as a feed additive to modulate lipid metabolism. However, this prebiotic did not benefit immune parameters and antioxidant defence.
The effects of coriander (Coriandrum sativum) seeds on the growth performance, growth hormone, antibacterial capacity, and immune response of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)
Authors: Ashry Ahmed M. , Habiba Mahmoud M. , Desouky Mohammed G. , El-Zayat Ahmed M. , Moonmanee Tossapol , Van Doan Hien , Dawood Mahmoud A.O.
Published: May 2022

Coriander seeds are among the functional herbal supplements, but their effects on aquatic animals are still lacking. Herein we evaluated the effects of coriander seeds on the growth performance, growth hormone, antibacterial capacity, and immune response of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Fish with initial mean weights of 5.08 ± 0.12 g/fish were allocated in four groups (in triplicate) and fed dietary coriander at 0, 5, 10, and 20 g/kg for 150 days. The growth performance, feed utilization, and survival rate of fish-fed dietary coriander meaningfully increased (P<0.05). The protein efficiency ratio gradually increased (P<0.05) in fish-fed coriander seeds compared with the control. On the other hand, the feed conversion ratio was gradually decreased (P<0.05) in fish-fed coriander seeds comparing with the control. The survival rate was markedly increased (P<0.05) in European sea bass fed dietary coriander regardless of the inclusion level. Further, no differences were seen among fish fed varying levels of coriander (P<0.05). The level of blood growth hormone was markedly higher (P<0.05) in European sea bass fed dietary coriander at 20 g/kg than fish-fed 0 and 5 g/kg. The abundance of intestinal Vibrio spp. and fecal coliform were obviously lower (P<0.05) in fish fed 10 and 20 g/kg than fish fed the coriander-free diet. Further, fish fed 20 g/kg had lower (P<0.05) Vibrio spp. and Faecal Coliform counts than fish fed 10 g/kg. Fish fed dietary coriander had significantly higher (P<0.05) hematocrit, hemoglobin, red blood cells (RBCs), and white blood cells (WBCs) than fish fed the control. The lysozyme and phagocytic activities were meaningfully increased (P<0.05) in fish fed 10 and 20 g/kg compared with fish fed 0 and 5 g/kg of dietary coriander. In conclusion, dietary coriander could be included in the diets at 10–20 g/kg to improve the growth performance, growth hormone, feed utilization, and immune response of European sea bass.
Low Latency UHD Adaptive Video Bitrate Streaming Based on HEVC Encoder Configurations and Http2 Protocol
Authors: Awad Mustafa M. , Khamiss Nasser N.
Published: May 2022

Applying 4K, (Ultra HD) Real-time video streaming via the internet network, with low bitrate and low latency, is the challenge this paper addresses. Compression technology and transfer links are the important elements that influence video quality. So, to deliver video over the internet or another fixed capacity medium, it is essential to compress the video to more controllable bitrates (customarily in the 1-20 Mbps range). In this study, the video quality is examined using the H.265/HEVC compression standard, and the relationship between quality of video and bitrate flow is investigated using various constant rate factors, GOP patterns, quantization parameters, RC-lookahead, and other types of video motion sequences. The ultra-high-definition video source is used, down sampled and encoded at multiple resolutions of (3480x2160), (1920x1080), (1280x720), (704x576), (352x288), and (176x144). To determine the best H265 feature configuration for each resolution experiments were conducted that resulted in a PSNR of 36 dB at the specified bitrate. The resolution is selected by delivery (encoder resource) based on the end-user application. While video streaming adapted to the available bandwidth is achieved via embedding a controller with MPEG DASH protocol at the client-side. Video streaming Adaptation methods allow the delivery of content that is encoded at different representations of video quality and bitrate and then dividing each representation into chunks of time. Through this paper, we propose to utilize HTTP/2 as a protocol to achieve low latency video streaming focusing on live streaming video avoiding the problem of HTTP/1.
Mapping a potential threat to the Mexican agricultural sector: The Asian Giant Hornet Vespa mandarinia (Smith 1852) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)
Authors: IBARRA-ZAPATA Enrique , AGUIRRE-SALADO Carlos A. , MIRANDA-ARAGÓN Liliana , LOREDO-OSTI Catarina , ESCOTO-RODRÍGUEZ Martín , RAMÍREZ y RAMÍREZ Francisco
Published: May 2022

The Asian giant hornet represents a threat to the global agricultural sector, as it is a species with predatory and invasive behavior that directly affects honey bees (Apis melifera), the main pollination agents of fruit trees, vegetables and seed production. The objective of the research was to develop a spatial diagnosis of the health risk associated with Vespa mandarinia Smith due to its possible impact on the Mexican agrifood sector. For this purpose, economically important crops were identified, grouped by pollination percentage and the potential distribution of the Asian giant hornet was identified using the maximum entropy model. The resulting health risk cartographic model allowed the identification of areas with different health risk indices (low, medium, high and very high), as well as the definition of priority areas spatially represented in quadrants and agri-food clusters at risk (clusters). These results are presented as a geotechnological tool that can strengthen the planning of epidemiological surveillance in Mexico, which has the potential to contribute to the establishment of preventive strategies to address the health risk posed by V. mandarinia to the Mexican agricultural sector.
La brecha digital como factor de vulnerabilidad y exclusión social en el Estado de Guerrero, México
Authors: García Castro Neftalí
Published: May 2022

Esta investigación analiza los municipios guerrerenses, con base en el nivel de acceso a internet, equipo de cómputo y telefonía celular, así como a partir de dos aspectos que pueden fungir como causa-efecto de la brecha digital (el poder adquisitivo y el grado de escolaridad de la población). Cabe destacar que la desigualdad social causada por la brecha digital constituye un factor de vulnerabilidad y exclusión, debido a las repercusiones de ésta sobre las actividades educativas, el acceso a la información, la competitividad de las empresas, el acceso de la población a los servicios públicos, el desarrollo de las zonas rurales, entre otros aspectos. El artículo está integrado por los apartados siguientes: 1) un marco de referencia para entender a la brecha digital, a la luz de conceptos como vulnerabilidad y exclusión social, 2) las principales características socio-territoriales de Guerrero, 3) se explica la Tipificación Probabilística (TP) (la cual da pauta para revelar agrupamientos de procesos u objetos de interés, a partir de la repetividad, similitud, homogeneidad y jerarquía territorial) y 4) se revela una tipología con once niveles según el acceso a las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) y las características socioeconómicas presentes en la entidad.
Debilidades y desafíos de los planes de desarrollo. Un análisis del “Plan de Desarrollo Regional Concertado Cusco al 2021, con Prospectiva al 2030”
Authors: Rendon Cusi Sisko Fernando
Published: May 2022

En la región de Cusco se han formulado varios planes de desarrollo, entre las que destaca el “Plan de Desarrollo Regional Concertado Cusco al 2021, con Prospectiva al 2030”, lo cual es un instrumento fundamental para afianzar el proceso de desarrollo regional. El documento fue elaborado con el apoyo del equipo técnico del Gobierno Regional y con la participación de representantes de diferentes organizaciones de la sociedad civil. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los logros alcanzados por el plan en virtud de su implementación. La metodología de análisis consiste en la revisión y comparación de los objetivos, metas e indicadores regionales de los diferentes planes proyectados para el año 2021, con respecto a la situación real actual.
Si bien el Gobierno Regional sugiere que ha logrado varios objetivos planteados a través de una evaluación realizada el año 2020, del análisis del instrumento se desprende que no se han alcanzado logros satisfactorios en relación con los objetivos trazados en el Plan; es más, los informes sectoriales relacionados contradicen todos los supuestos logros para la Región. En definitiva, el éxito de la planificación depende más de una decisión política que de una cuestión técnica y este trabajo lo evidencia.
Psicología, psicoanálisis y sentido. Relaciones conceptuales entre Michel Foucault y Georges Politzer
Authors: Abeijón Matías
Published: May 2022

La investigación que se presenta tiene como objetivo el análisis teórico e histórico de los cruces entre psicología, psicoanálisis y filosofía en artículo temprano de Michel Foucault, “La psychologie de 1850 à 1950”. Se pretende realizar un análisis teórico de los argumentos en los que se apoyan una serie de postulados valorativos y críticas a la psicología y al psicoanálisis. A su vez, estos argumentos derivan del análisis del libro de George Politzer, Critique des fondements de la psychologie. Se sostiene que Michel Foucault, a partir de los trabajos de Politzer, elabora el concepto de sentido para dar fundamento al psicoanálisis y a las psicologías contemporáneas.
El derecho: una dinámica no lineal
Authors: Grisales Cardona William Esteban , Garcés Giraldo Luis Fernando , Giraldo Zuluaga Conrado
Published: May 2022

Este artículo presenta el concepto de derecho desde diferentes ópticas, cada una de ellas con sus particularidades y la influencia que tienen en la actualidad en los ordenamientos jurídicos. El derecho no es un concepto fácil de entender, pero la forma en que se debe aplicar hoy día debe cobijar no solo la aplicación de la norma o enunciados normativos, sino componentes de índole moral, como los principios, todos ellos en pie de igualdad. No se trata de establecer una jerarquía en los elementos jurídicos y morales, sino un criterio en el cual la corrección del ordenamiento jurídico lleve a la Justicia. Este texto parte de un método hermenéutico dialéctico, y tiene como finalidad ir construyendo un concepto de derecho que cumpla con los estándares de la corrección y la razonabilidad, como principios básicos para cumplir con la igualdad y la justicia.
Design and Development of Ruthenium-Based Catalysts for Enabling Hydrogen Storage
Authors: Beaudoin Isabelle
Published: May 2022

For past decades, hydrocarbon-based fuels have been the primary source of energy as a necessity for modern machines and automotive vehicles. Despite use in combustion engines and power plants, fossil fuels reserves are unpredictable and the associated CO2 emissions are now causing terrible effects on the environment and human health. Researchers have realized H2 as a potentially safe and efficient energy source, with an energy density of 33.3 kWh per kg. Moreover, H2 is significantly more environmentally friendly as H2O is the only by-product. Currently, the development of on-board storage technology is progress for use in the transportation industry. The chemical storage of hydrogen, in which H2 is bound to a carrier molecule, provides a more practical and safer method to store and release immense amounts of H2. Ammonia Borane (H3N-BH3, AB) is a useful material for storing up to 19.6 wt% of and 0.145kg L-1 of H2 with the ability to release H2 under mild ambient conditions through exposure to a suitable catalyst. This project investigates the use of pyrazole-based compounds as ligands for η6-arene Ru-complexes in order to formulate efficient catalysts for AB dehydrogenation. Pyrazoles are interesting diaza-five member heterocycles and have strong electron-donating properties. Mono- and di-coordinating substituted pyrazole complexes and an unusual Cl-bridging dimeric Ru complex were successfully synthesized and characterized (NMR, ESI-MS and X-ray diffraction crystallography) before undergoing evaluation for AB dehydrogenation studies in a high-pressure stainless steel reactor. The dimeric Ru Cl-bridging catalyst released the largest H2 equivalent per mol of AB with 1.45 with a total of 7.82 bar of H2 pressure, proving to be the most successful catalyst in the series. However, from the H2 release profiles, it appears that catalysts undergo slow transformation where it is possible that the pyrazole ligands are lost. Further mechanistic studies are required to determine the decomposition process.
Reaktionstechnische Vorteile in Konkurrenz zum Gefahrenpotential
Authors: Stoessel Francis
Published: May 2022

In most industrial syntheses, one or more reactive groups must be introduced in a raw material before any synthesis becomes possible at all. Since natural raw materials are mostly not reactive by themselves, they are forced to reaction by the use of highly reactive materials. This high
reactivity may appear to be an advantage in that a high reaction rate, meaning high productivity, is achieved. But the drawback is that the high reaction rate is often coupled to a poor selectivity. Thus, the use of highly reactive materials is submitted to the art of chemists and chemical
engineers, in order to obtain the desired result.Additionally, the high reactivity is also the cause of the hazards linked to the handling of these materials. If released, they are able to react in an undesired way with the environment or with living bodies. Thus, most of them are toxic
for humans or for the environment. Consequently, they can only be used if specific safety measures are taken, which presents a technical challenge and is also a cost factor. The fact that products whose objective is to improve the quality of life can only be manufactured by using highly reactive
materials is either unknown or, if known, not accepted by the public. Some examples stemming from the industrial practice will illustrate the way how highly reactive materials can be used in a safe and economic way despite of the restraining conditions implied by the hazards. The technical
development allowed great improvements, but there is also space for even more improvements in the future.
Eigenverantwortliche Umsetzung gesetzlicher Auflagen
Authors: Jucker Walter
Published: May 2022

In Switzerland, legal aspects of the handling of highly reactive substances is regulated by the Law of Labour (Arbeitsgesetz), the Law of Environmental Protection (Umweltschutzgesetz) with their corresponding ordinances and some other laws. Discussions on the use of highly reactive substances are focussed to incidents. Therefore, the ordinance on the protection against major accidents (StFV) plays a central role. It's the duty of the managing director to overcome emergencies. The chemical industry commits to the principles of sustainable development and to the Responsible Care Programme. As a consequence, not only legal requirements but also responsibility for safety and environmental protection influence the production processes.A successful emergency management is based on professional and well-tested guidances and plans. General emergency concepts for incidents with hazardous materials and radioactive substances are well-known. As an example of responsible implementation of legal requirements, the general guidance of handling incidents in bio-areas (areas with biological materials) of F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. is presented.
Der Störfall ist eingetreten: Was nun?
Authors: Vouillamoz Raymond
Published: May 2022

Based on an unsuccessful incident containment, the necessary organisation as well as the incident staff duties are drawn up and shown. A list is made of the necessary equipment. Two examples are discussed, whose development along the time axis is very different:– incident with fire– flooding danger.
Robust Chemical Sensors for Environmental Analysis and Process Control
Authors: Hauser Peter C. , Colombo Carlo , Hodgson Alexia W.E. , Jacquinot Patrick , Kappes Thomas , Stratz Richard
Published: May 2022

Conventional analytical instruments are generally neither sufficiently robust nor adequately portable for field measurements in environmental applications or process analysis in industry. The requirements for these applications are ideally fulfilled by selective chemical sensors for
the species of interest. New approaches in the design of these devices are often needed in order to realize their potential benefits. In this article, examples of electrochemical and optical sensors for the determination of gases and ions for a range of environmental and industrial applications
are presented.
Enzyme-Catalyzed Preparation and Synthetic Applications of Optically Active Cyanohydrins
Authors: Effenberger Franz
Published: May 2022

Chiral cyanohydrins are widespread in nature as cyanoglycosides, serving more than two thousand plants and many insects as antifeedant. Fast release of HCN from cyanohydrins in cells is catalyzed by hydroxynitrile lyases (HNLs). The importance of HNLs in organic syntheses is the enantioselectivity of cleavage as well as formation of cyanohydrins by these biocatalysts. For the preparation of (R)-cyanohydrins from aldehydes and HCN on a preparative scale, (R)-PaHNL from bitter almonds proves to be the best catalyst. For the synthesis of (S)-cyanohydrins, the recombinant HNLs from cassava (MeHNL) and rubber tree (HbHNL) are most suitable. In organic solvents or in biphasic systems, the chemical addition of HCN to the carbonyl compounds can be suppressed, resulting in high optical yields of the obtained cyanohydrins. Stereoselective follow-up reactions of (R)- and (S)-cyanohydrins lead to other important classes of compounds with stereogenic centers. Starting from (R)-cyanohydrins, (R)-2-hydroxy carboxylic acids, (R)-2-hydroxy aldehydes, (R)-2-hydroxy ketones, (1R)-2-amino alcohols, and (1R,2S)-2-amino alcohols are easily obtainable in high optical and chemical yields by transformation of the cyano group. Analogous transformations are possible starting from (S)-cyanohydrins. Sulfonylation of the OH function in cyanohydrins allows nucleophilic substitution of the sulfonate group with complete inversion of configuration. In this way, starting, e.g., from (R)-cyanohydrins, (S)-2-azido nitriles, (S)-2-amino nitriles, (S)-2-amino acids, (S)-1,2-diamines and (S)-2-sulfanyl nitriles are obtained in high optical yields.
Manufacturing of Micro-Components for New Applications in Chemistry by Injection Moulding of Polymers
Authors: Callenbach Tilo
Published: May 2022

The H. Weidmann AG has set up a unique injection-moulding tool for replication of optical and nonoptical microstructures down to a sub-µm scale. Our approach simplifies the initial tooling and, thus, substantially lowers the cost threshold for feasibility studies and testing of injection-moulded microstructures. Two case studies, with micro-pipettes and a micro-spectrometer, respectively, show the usefulness of this new process technology. The service for polymer-sample prototyping is available on a commercial basis at reasonable costs and turn-around times.
Microfabricated Chemical Analysis Systems for Environmental Applications
Authors: Guenat Olivier T. , Fiaccabrino Giovanni C. , Morf Werner E. , Koudelka-Hep Milena , De Rooij Nicolaas F.
Published: May 2022

Recent contributions to the design, development, and fabrication of microtechnological devices for chemical analysis are summarized. The discussion includes microdisk-electrode arrays for voltammetric analysis of trace metals, and micro total-analysis systems for coulometric nanotitrations
of different analytes.
The impact of administrative creativity in managing change organization in institutions" An applied study on The Ministry of Finance, Economy and Investment, Khartoum State: أثر الإبداع الإداري في إدارة التغيير التنظيمي بالمؤسسات – دراسة تطبيقية على وزارة المالية والاقتصاد والاستثمار ولاية الخرطوم –
Authors: Mohammed Ahamed Mohammed Yousif Mohammed Ahamed Mohammed Yousif
Published: May 2022

The study aimed to know the impact of administrative creativity in managing organizational change in institutions by applying to the Ministry of Finance, Economy and Investment in the state of Khartoum, Her problem was summarized in a number of questions, including: To what extent does administrative creativity affect the management of organizational change in the Ministry of Finance, Economy and Investment in the state of Khartoum?, To what extent does the Ministry of Finance, Economy and Investment use administrative creativity in managing its internal conflicts?, The study used the descriptive analytical method, the case study method, and the SPSS program, The study reached several results, the most important of which are the existence of a statistically significant relationship between administrative creativity and the management of organizational change in the Ministry of Finance, Economy and Investment in the state of Khartoum, the existence of a statistically significant relationship between administrative creativity and internal conflict management in the Ministry of Finance, Economy and Investment in Khartoum state, Finally, the study recommended the following: The senior management of the Ministry of Finance should create the appropriate regulatory environment that encourages the application of the administrative creativity method among all its administrative levels, The senior management in the Ministry of Finance must activate the participation of all its employees in the process of organizational change and transform resistance to change into strengths that help effect change effectively.
The Dialogue Method in Small Groups and Its Impact on The Achievement of Primary School Students From the teachers' point of view in schools in northern Palestine: أسلوب الحوار في المجموعات الصغيرة وأثره في تحصيل طلبة المرحلة الابتدائية من وجهة نظر المعلمين في مدارس شمال فلسطين
Authors: Nadia Hassan Ghalia, Ahlam Mahmood Darawsheh, Hanadi Sodqi A Nadia Hassan Ghalia, Ahlam Mahmood Darawsheh, Hanadi Sodqi A
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to identify the effect of the dialogue method in small groups on the achievement of primary school students. The study targeted a community of primary school teachers in northern Palestine, and the sample includes approximately (70-100) male and female teachers, whom are selected according to the available sample. The data has been processed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), where the tests included descriptive statistics; t-test for independent samples, one way Anova test, simple linear regression test and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the researchers have used the descriptive survey method by adopting the form as a data collection tool, whereas the form will consist of; a consent to participate in the study, demographic data of the participants, as well as the questionnaire’s paragraphs and fields, which will be evaluated according to the five-point Likert scale. The study resulted to the presence of statistically significant differences between the averages of students' achievement; The use of the small group dialogue method has a positive effect in teaching, which may show the presence of differences between students in their academic achievement.
The role of English language teachers in providing students with self-learning skills from school principals Perspective in Ajloun Governorate: دور معلمي اللغة الإنجليزية في إكساب الطلبة مهارات التعلم الذاتي من وجهة نظر مديري المدارس الحكومية في محافظة عجلون
Authors: Mufeedeh Khader Ibrahim Bashayreh Mufeedeh Khader Ibrahim Bashayreh
Published: May 2022

This Study aimed to identify the role of English language teachers in providing students with self-learning skills from school principals perspective in Ajloun Governorate, the researcher used the descriptive approach, and the study Sample consisted from (85) Female and male of school principals, chosen randomly, to collect data Questioner used, which consisted (20) paragraph. The result of SPSS analysis shown that the degree of the role of English language teachers in providing students with self-learning skills from school principals perspective in Ajloun Governorate was moderated with average (3.48 out of 5) , The finding also showed there is no statistically significant differences at (α≤0.05) refers to principals sex (male and female). In addition, there were statistically significant differences refers to principal's years of experience in favor of (10 years and more). The study recommended activating self-education in schools in Ajloun Governorate, especially in English language lessons, and providing tools, requirements and programs for the application of self-education.
International terrorism: concept and forms: الإرهاب الدولي؛ مفهومه وأشكاله
Authors: Hala Ghassan Al Hussien Hala Ghassan Al Hussien
Published: May 2022

The main aim of this research is to gettrue informations, in response to recent developments in the field of terrorism studies and The role of Islamic Laws in rejecting terrorism and its relation to international law. This paper with its data has reached a general framework for terrorism summarized by a well-known principle: the end justifies the means. If the purpose contains an assault on humanity's dignity, freedom, money, blood, and thought. International terrorism is one of the modern concepts that is linked to general international law, considering that terrorism has become transcontinental and no longer confined to a specific society, until it has an effect on foreign relations between countries. The scientific definition and control of this concept faced many problems. Due to the absence of an equitable scientific reference.
The degree to which financial culture teachers in Ajloun Governorate possess scientific research skills: درجة امتلاك معلمي الثقافة المالية في محافظة عجلون لمهارات البحث العلمي
Authors: Rwida Mohammad Ahmad Rwida Mohammad Ahmad
Published: May 2022

The study aimed to identify the degree to which financial culture teachers in Ajloun governorate possess scientific research skills. The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach, and the study population consisted of (124) male and female teachers, and the study sample consisted of (66) male and female teachers, who were chosen randomly. The results of the study showed that the degree to which financial education teachers in public schools in Ajloun governorate possessed scientific research skills came at a high level, with an arithmetic mean (3.70), The study also revealed that there were no statistically significant differences to the degree to which teachers possessed scientific research skills according to the variable of job experience. Postgraduate category, the study recommended holding workshops for teachers; In order to get acquainted with how to write scientific research, and to train teachers on the use of writing and publishing scientific research, and to make the publication of research a condition of appointment.