bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Infertilit‐ in Urban and Rural Thailand
Authors: Koetsawang Suporn , Satayapan Suwanee , Jivasak‐Apimas Supanee , Belse‐ Elizabeth M. , Pinol A.
Published: August 2010

In 1981, a stud‐ of infertilit‐ rates was carried on b‐ interviewing a total of 2087 women between 15–48 ‐ears old in Bangkok (636) and four rural areas in the North (354), North East (538), Central (387) and South (172). The rate of primar‐ infertilit‐ in all areas was ver‐ low (2%) and constant. The prevalence of secondar‐ infertilit‐ rose sharpl‐ from 3–4% in their twenties to at least 25% in those age 40 or over. The majorit‐ of these women, however, expressed no desire for further children as the‐ alread‐ had enough children. The rate of secondar‐ infertilit‐ was lowest in the North East (5.2%), highest in the South (18.6). Similar secondar‐ infertilit‐ rates were found in Bangkok (7.1%), Central (7.2%) and the North (9.6%).
Initial Experience with Vincristine, Adriam‐cin and Cisdichlorodiammine Platinum Combination Chemotherap‐ of Advanced Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: Sen Dilip K. , Zaleha Siti , Sivanesaratnam V. , Adlan Ahmad , Meng Looi Lai
Published: August 2010

A combination of Cis‐dichlorodiammine platinum, Adriam‐cin and Vincristine was used on two groups of patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma of epithelial origin (stage III and IV).

In the first group of thirteen patients resistant to previous chemotherap‐, the overall response rate was 46.2% (six cases). 15.4% (two cases) showed complete response.

In the second group of four patients who had no previous chemotherap‐, three cases showed partial response, and one case showed no response.

Toxicit‐ consisted of nausea and vomiting, leukopaenia of less than 1000/ml in 4 cases and inappropriate ADH secretion in 2.
Sporadic Ovulation in a Case of Resistant Ovar‐ Syndrome
Authors: Mori Hiro‐uki , Matsuoka R‐o , Aisaka Kozo , Kigawa Tomonori
Published: August 2010

A case of h‐pergonadotropic secondar‐ amenorrhea with presence of ovarian primordial follicles is reported. This patient with resistant ovar‐ s‐ndrome was h‐posensitive to the exogenous gonadotropin treatment, but an ovulation occurred spontaneousl‐ after the sequential administration of estrogen and progestogen.
The Coexistence of Carcinoma and Tuberculosis in the Uterine Cervix: Report of 2 Cases
Authors: Hsu Chien‐Tien , Yang Li‐Chung , Hsu Mei‐Lien , Chen Wu‐Hsiung , Lin ‐un‐Nan
Published: August 2010

Coexistence of tuberculosis and cancer in the uterine cervix is extremel‐ rare. Two of such cases are presented. In these cases, extension of tuberculous lesions is much wider than cancerous lesions. Pathological findings and positive acid‐fast stained M‐cobacterium tuberculosis in the tissue give authenticit‐ to the two cases. With regard to mutual influence between the two clinical entities nothing can be said on the basis of onl‐ two cases. However, it seems that at least tuberculosis did not aggravate the cancerous lesion.
Acute Fatt‐ Liver of Pregnanc‐ with H‐perlipidemia, Acute Hemorrhagic Pancreatitis and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Authors: Minakami Hisanori , Kimura Kozo , Kanazawa Takashi , Tamada Taro , Kaneko Kou
Published: August 2010

An autops‐ case of a 32‐ear old nulliparous woman who died of acute fatt‐ liver of pregnanc‐ (AFLP) associated with h‐perlipidemia, acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is reported. Although acute pancreatitis has been reported as one of the major complications of AFLP, their interrelationships are poorl‐ understood because of the rarit‐ and the fulminating nature of this disease. H‐perlipidemia has been interpreted as the etiological factor in acute pancreatitis. It is also known that an increase in circulating lipids occurs during pregnanc‐ ph‐siologicall‐. AFLP presents itself onl‐ in the last trimester of pregnanc‐. The intention of the following report is to document a case of AFLP with evidence of supra‐ph‐siologic h‐perlipidemia and to discuss the pathogenesis of AFLP and acute pancreatitis.
Endometriosis and Various Pelvic Lesions Associated with H‐perprolactinemia
Authors: Abe Jun , Kimura Junji , Hirose Toshi‐uki , Tama‐a Teruhiko , Okada Hiroji
Published: August 2010

The serum prolactin (PRL) levels of 34 cases of endometriosis, 26 cases of adeno‐m‐osis, 30 cases of functional d‐smenorrhea, and 9 patients with m‐oma uteri were measured b‐ radioimmunoassa‐.

The incidence of h‐perprolactinemia (>22 ng/ml) was 100, 38.0, 30.8, 40.0 and 44.4% in cases of Acosta's severe t‐pe, Beecham II and III groups, adenom‐osis, functional d‐smenorrhea, and m‐oma uteri, respectivel‐. The rate of galactorrhea was 19% of Acosta's severe cases, the highest among the five groups. The mean value of peripheral PRL in Acosta's severe t‐pe was significantl‐ higher than that of the other four groups.

The immunohistochemical stud‐ on PRL localization demonstrated the positive reaction at the apical membrane of the glands in normal and ectopic endometria, suggesting PRL binding sites rather than production sites.

The PRL levels of the operated group tended to decrease spontaneousl‐ after operation. Among the various hormone treatments, it was of interest that some cases improved s‐mptomaticall‐ and objectivel‐ after treatment with bromocriptine alone.

Our stud‐ suggests that PRL, as one of hormonal factors, ma‐ pla‐ a role in the development of endometriosis.
Treatment of Pelvic Endometriosis with Gestrinone ‐Report on 9 Cases ‐
Authors: Tama‐a Teruhiko , Fujimoto Jiro , Okada Hiroji
Published: August 2010

Nine patients with pelvic endometriosis were treated with gestrinone in a dose of 2.5 mg twice weekl‐ for 6 to 7 months. All patients became anovulator‐ with sporadic episodes of painless uterine bleeding lasting various periods of time, until the‐ became amenorrheic. Considerable lessening of the objective findings such as nodular lesions in the posterior cul‐de‐sac, adnexal mass, uterine mobilit‐ and pelvic tenderness were found. Major side effects recorded were acne in 2 patients, transient increased discharge in 3 patients, and hoarseness in 1 patient. Abnormal increase of serum transaminases was observed in 3 patients, who did not discontinue tne therap‐. Follow‐up of 8 patients until 12 weeks after discontinuation of therap‐ showed that ovulation, determined b‐ basal bod‐ temperature, returned within 7 to 50 (22.8 + 4.9[SE]) da‐s and that objective findings were not remarkabl‐ changed, but subjective findings such as pelvic pain in menses reappeared in 5 of 8 patients.
Clinical Application of Dih‐drotestosterone (DHT) Binding Assa‐ of Cultured Skin Fibroblasts for the Prospective Differential Diagnosis of Testicular Feminization S‐ndrome (TFS)
Authors: Wakimoto Hiroshi , Taka‐asu Susumu , Kurachi Hirohisa , Komura Hiroko , Mi‐ake Akira , Aono Toshihiro , Tanizawa Osamu , Matsumoto Keishi
Published: August 2010

The present stud‐ was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of dih‐drotestosterone (DHT) binding assa‐ of skin fibroblasts for the differential diagnosis in infants of testicular feminization s‐ndrome (TFS) from other disorders with genital anomalies. DHT binding was measured in the fibroblasts derived from the patients with intersex or genital anomalies such as TFS, incomplete TFS, pure gonadal agenesis, retentio testis, Klinefelter's s‐ndrome, testicular d‐sgenesis, adrenogenital s‐ndrome, and Turner's s‐ndrome. All patients except the TFS patients exhibited normal binding capacit‐ in fibroblasts from either genital or nongenital skins. The patients with TFS were 3 and 6 ‐ear‐old siblings whose diagnosis had not been made completel‐ b‐ g‐necological examination and routine laborator‐ tests, but the binding assa‐ contributed to making the exact diagnosis of these patients. DHT binding of skin fibroblasts from normal males and females was 11.5±8.6 (S. D.) fmoles/mg cell protein in nongenital skin, whereas the DHT binding assa‐ of these patients showed that the maximal number of binding sites was under 0.5 fmoles/mg cell protein. These results suggest that DHT binding assa‐ of skin fibroblasts is useful also for the prospective differential diagnosis of TFS in infant and prepubertal patients and that treatment for TFS might be planned from infanc‐.
Serum Progesterone and Endometrial Dating for Confirmation of Ovulation and Corpus Luteum Function
Authors: Said Sam‐ A. , Galal Rawia A. , Shams Ahmed T. , Ahmed Abul Magid M. , Na‐el Sa‐ed A.
Published: August 2010

Simultaneous premenstrual endometrial biops‐ and serum progesterone determination were done on 13 anovulator‐ and 42 ovulator‐ cases. It was found that serum progesterone level of 3 ng/ml diagnostic of ovulation if the samples are taken between da‐s 17–24. Lower levels are seen on the extremes of the ovulator‐ c‐cles. Moreover serum progesterone levels above 5 ng/ml on da‐s 17–24 mostl‐ indicate adequate corpus luteum function.
Changes in LHRH in Human Maternal Plasma during Pregnanc‐
Authors: Kawamura ‐asuhiro , Miyake Akira , Sakumoto Tetsuro , Tasaka Keiichi , Aono Toshihiro
Published: August 2010

The changes in luteinizing hormone‐releasing hormone (LHRH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) concentrations in the maternal plasma during pregnanc‐ were determined b‐ radioimmunoassa‐. The mean (±SE) plasma levels of immunoreactive LHRH in all pregnant women (2.4±0.5 pg/ml) were significantl‐ lower than those in normal c‐cling women (4.2±0.3 pg/ml). When the mean levels were measured ever‐ 4 weeks, levels from the 8th to the 19th week and from the 32nd to the 41st week of pregnanc‐ were found to be significantl‐ lower than those in normal c‐cling women. However, the levels of LHRH at each stage of pregnanc‐ did not var‐ significantl‐ compared with the mean value of LHRH throughout the pregnanc‐. The mean hCG levels in the maternal plasma were highest from the 8th to the 11th week of pregnanc‐ and decreased graduall‐. These data suggest that: i) the plasma LHRH levels during pregnanc‐ are not related to those of hCG, ii) the LHRH secretion from maternal h‐pothalamus ma‐ be suppressed, and iii) LHRH s‐nthesized in the placenta ma‐ be degraded when it enters the maternal circulation
Prelabor Status Evaluation and Course of Labor
Authors: Dhall K. , Grover V. , Mahendru S.K.
Published: August 2010

Data were collected prospectively on 146 patients admitted for induction of labour. The induction was by dilute oxytocin drip (up to 16 mu/min) in most cases. A pre‐induction scoring system was constructed using all possible factors of significance when inducing a patient. The predictive value of this scoring system (Raw Scoring System) and of the Bishop pelvic score were evaluated by multiple regression analysis and a new pelvic score for pre‐induction evaluation has been proposed taking into consideration the factors of significant importance only.
Obstetric Epidural Service in Hong Kong–Analysis of Progress in the First Six Months
Authors: So Arthur P.C. , Lao Terence T.H. , Chang Allan M.Z.
Published: August 2010

The experience of epidural analgesia in a new teaching hospital is reviewed. The procedure was found to be an effective means of pain relief, and facilitated instrumental delivery in high risk cases. Both the medical and nursing staff found it acceptable and did not increase the workload, while the labour process was easier to manage. Majority of the mothers were satisfied with the procedure and with adequate preparation and precautions, there were no serious complication. The authors would recommend this procedure to obstetricians working in the Far East.
Comparison of the Use of the Silastic Obstetric Vacuum Extractor to Kielland's Forceps
Authors: Hastie Stewart J. , MacLean Allan B.
Published: August 2010

To evaluate the silastic cupped obstetric vacuum extractor, a retrospective study was made of 100 women in whom vacuum extraction was attempted, comparing them to 50 women in whom rotational forceps delivery was attempted. The vacuum extractor far more frequently failed to achieve delivery alone compared to the forceps (54% cf 4% respectively). However, in most failure cases (94%) descent and/or rotation of the fetal head occurred allowing a liftout forceps delivery. Apart from episiotomy, maternal trauma was not a problem with vacuum extraction. There were two neonatal deaths in the study groups, one following delivery by caesarean section for failed vacuum extraction and failed forceps and one following vacuum extraction of a markedly pre‐term infant. Neonatal morbidity was otherwise minor but was more common in the vacuum extraction group, consisting mainly of ex‐tracranial haematomata and jaundice.
The Estimation of Fetal Weight Using an Ultrasonic Parallel Planimetric Area Method
Authors: Iijima Satoru , Kubo Takeshi , Iwasaki Hirokazu , Akatsuka Takao
Published: August 2010

The accuracy of measurement of fetal weight using an ultrasonic parallel planimetric area (UPPA) method was assessed in 55 cases by comparing it with two other methods also used in the same cases. The contributory ratio (= r2) between actual birth weight and the estimated fetal weight was 0.91, a better result than the values of 0.89 and 0.81 for the other methods.

Although this method is time‐consuming, it proved superior to the others, especially in estimation of low weight fetuses, for which the contributory ratio was 0.95.
The Role of Prolactin in Lactating Rats by Passive Immunization
Authors: Nagai Takashi , Makino Tsunehisa , Uchida Nobuhiro , Tanimoto Satoshi , Iizuka Rihachi
Published: August 2010

Some of the physiological roles of prolactin (PRL) in lactating rats were studied by passive immunization. Antibody to rat PRL (A/S PRL) was produced in rabbits immunized with rat PRL. Then the sera of the rabbits were tested for the potency and specificity of antibody to PRL by double antibody radio‐immunoassay technique. One ml of antiserum was inferred to be capable of sufficiently neutralizing endogenous PRL in lactating rats.

From the 5th day of postpartum, 11 rats were daily injected intraperitoneally with 1 ml of A/S PRL. In the control group, each of 7 rats was daily injected with 1 ml of normal rabbit serum (NRS). Most pups in the treated group died between the 16th and 20th postpartum days, but all pups in the control group grew normally. Serum oxytocin (OT) levels in the treated group were significantly increased, suggesting that mechanical stimulation of the nipples by pups might increase OT levels, presumably because a lack of PRL decreased milk production. Serum growth hormone (GH) levels in both groups were virtually identical, suggesting that GH could not compensate PRL during the period of passive immunization.
Development of Mechanisms Regulating Heart Rates in Human Fetuses Analyzed by Factor Analysis
Authors: Koyanagi Takashi
Published: August 2010

The histograms of fetal heart rates (FHR) in 57 fetuses between 19 and 42 weeks of gestation obtained for 3‐hour periods were investigated, using factor analysis. I found at least 5 different and independent basal heart rates in these fetuses and the rates correlated well with the gestational age. Several isolated and underlying mechanisms regulating basal heart rates differentiate at definite periods during gestation and develop functionally with advancing fetal age. These findings are absent in anencephalic fetuses, yet fetuses with encephalocele show FHR changes similar to those seen in normal fetuses. The regulatory mechanisms of these five different basal heart rates are attributed to functions located at the level of the medulla or higher, in the near‐term human fetus.
Septic Induced Abortion at Ilorin, Nigeria: An Increasing Gynaecological Problem in the Developing Countries
Authors: Adetoro Olalekan O.
Published: August 2010

An analysis of 102 cases of septic induced abortion seen at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (U.I.T.H.) over an 18 months period (Feb., 1983 ‐ July, 1984) was performed. A total of 852 cases of abortion were admitted during the period of study, with an induced abortion rate of 12%. The majority of the patients were unmarried teenagers and 87 out of the one hundred and two patients were students. All the patients had pelvic peritonitis. 9 of them were further complicated by septic shock and of these, 5 died. 1 other patient had severe tetanus and died of respiratory arrest. The over all maternal mortality rate for septic induced abortion was 5.9%, significantly higher than in previous reports.

Easy access to contraceptive services, routine sex education, and a liberal abortion law would greatly contribute to reducing septic induced abortion to the bearest minimum in the developing countries.
A Review of 58 Rh‐Isoimmunised Cases
Authors: Rao Reshma R. , Gupte Snehlata C. , Dastur Nayna A. , Walvekar Vandana R. , Pandit Ramesh D.
Published: August 2010

Rh‐isoimmunised patients over a period of four years are analysed. The incidence of iso‐immunisation is 3.3%. 5.7% cases were immunized inspite of receiving post‐partum Anti‐D immunoglobulin, and 2.8% cases were immunised in their first pregnancy. Spectrophotometry is invaluable, while antibody titres predict perinatal outcome reliably in the first affected pregnancy. The perinatal mortality of the registered cases is 15.5%. 46.1% of the total perinatal deaths were due to premature still births which can be prevented only by mastering the technique of intrauterine transfusion.
Delivery of a Small Date Infant Following Bilateral Ligation of the Internal Iliac Arteries
Authors: Morikawa Shinichi , Takamizawa Hiroyoshi
Published: August 2010

The delivery of a small for date infant after bilateral ligation of the maternal internal iliac arteries because of a large vaginal hematoma is reported. This operative procedure employed to control obstetric and gynecologic hemorrhage, which is intractable by the vaginal approach, is a life‐ and uterus‐saving measure.
Determinants of Risk for Developing Invasive Mole and Choriocarcinoma Following Hydatidiform Mole
Authors: Hara Takako , Kaseki Shigeaki , Tomoda Yutaka , Nishikawa Yoshiki , Ishizuka Takao , Ishizuka Naotaka
Published: August 2010

In Aichi prefecture, Japan, 4, 547 hydatidiform moles were registered from 1962 to 1977. Among these hydatidiform moles, 94 choriocarcinomas, 377 invasive moles and 4 undetermined cases occurred until April 1985. In this paper, the high risk factors for post‐molar trophoblastic disease were studied.

The results were:

The frequency of mole was one per 349.7 deliveries in Aichi, Japan.

89.8% of invasive moles were diagnosed by the end of the third month after molar evacuation, whereas 42% of choriocarcinomas were found by the end of the 1st year. The necessity of at least 4 years of supervision and follow up was emphasized.

Increased age (>40), the patient's blood type (AB) and the husband's blood type (B) were high risk factors for post‐molar trophoblastic disease, whereas multi‐parity and Rh‐d factor were suggested to lower the risk.
Seminal Plasma Levels of Luteinizing Hormone, Prolactin and Testosterone in the Evaluation of Male Infertility
Authors: Tang Lawrence C.H. , Chan Steven Y.W.
Published: August 2010

Luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL) and testosterone (T) concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassays in the seminal plasma of 63 normospermic, 45 oligospermic and 28 azoospermic men. Seminal plasma LH concentrations and total content per ejaculate were significantly higher in normospermic than oligospermic or azoospermic men. Seminal PRL concentrations were significantly lower in azoospermic men and low‐motility group. Seminal testosterone concentrations and total content per ejaculate were significantly higher in oligospermic than normospermic or azoospermic men and in low‐motility than high‐motility groups. A positive correlation was observed between PRL concentration and % motility; whereas a negative correlation was observed between T concentration and % motility. The implications of our findings were discussed and their possible clinical applications in the study of male infertility were evaluated.
Sperm Antibody Testing in Subfertile Chinese Men
Authors: Chan Steven Y. W. , Yeung Kwok‐keung , Wang Christina , Tang Lawrence C. H. , Tang Grace W. K. , Ho Pak‐Chung , Tsoi Wai‐loong
Published: August 2010

Seven hundred and twenty‐five male Hong Kong Chinese patients were examined during the period of 1980–1984 for the presence of circulating sperm antibodies by the Kibrick sperm macroagglutination test and the Isojima sperm immobilization test as part of the couple's infertility investigation. The overall incidences for the sperm agglutinating and the sperm immobilizing antibodies were 7.6% and 2.3%, respectively. The incidence for the sperm agglutinating antibodies was significantly higher than that (p<0.05) for the sperm immobilizing antibodies. The results indicate that a minority of the male infertility cases as seen in the infertility clinic could have an immunological basis.
Hyaline‐Vascular Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia Obstructing Vaginal Delivery
Authors: Goh Tai H. , Wong Twee J. , Alhady Fareeda , Singh Amrik D.
Published: August 2010

Giant lymph node hyperplasia is a benign condition and lesions have largely occurred in the thorax; it has rarely occurred in the pelvis. The case reported here appears to be the first in which this lesion occurring in the pelvis has obstructed vaginal delivery and required elective Cesarean section at term. The further management and a brief review of the literature are presented.
Perinatal Morbidity and Mortality in the Philippines
Authors: Baja‐Panlilio Herminia , Cabigas‐Resurreccion Josefina , Matanguihan Adelia T. , Cadorna Josefina B. , Sarmiento Blesilda , Villamoran‐Baviera Evangeline
Published: August 2010

This study aims to identify the causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality at the University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center, and analyze the factors that lead to such results with the aim of improving them. Comparison is made with National Statistics and those of other countries. There were 4219 deliveries of 28 weeks and later or 1,000 grams and more during 1980–1982. Only 4057 were available for study. Results showed a neonatal death rate of 39/4015 (early neonatal death rate) or 9.7/1000 live births and a late fetal death rate of 42/4057 or 10.3/1000 total births with a perinatal mortality rate of 81/4057 or 19.99/1000 total births. Morbidity rate was 250/4015 or 62.3/1000 live births.

Analysis of perinatal data correlated with maternal conditions, manner of delivery, age of gestation and birth weight was made. The study showed that results can be improved by early detection and treatment of maternal complications, but these are dependent on a multitude of socio‐economic and biological factors. The quality of mortality reporting was noted to be a source of difficulty in the study and is recommended for improvement.
Sinusoidal Fetal Heart Rate Pattern in Twin Pregnancies
Authors: Kigawa Junzo , Makio Akira , Torii Yuuichi , Narita Kiyoji , Aoki Satoru
Published: August 2010

The sinusoidal fetal heart rate pattern (SHR) was studied by performing the simultaneous non‐stress test (NST) in twin pregnancies. The NST led to a diagnosis of SHR according to Maeda's tentative criteria in 3 sets of twins.

SHR was recorded in 3.2% of our twin pregnancies. All cases were single placenta. Two sets of twins, including 2 fetuses without SHR, had unfavorable courses. One fetus showed SHR and the other did not in 2 sets of twins, but both fetuses showed SHRs in a twin pregnancy. There was one intrauterine fetal death whose SHR was of a lower frequency and higher amplitude than the others.
A Comparison of Ultrasound Methods of Fetal Weight Prediction in the Third Trimester
Authors: Parker Ashton J. , Davies Paul , Newton John R.
Published: August 2010

The antenatal ultrasound measurement of the fetal parameters of abdomen circumference, head circumference and the product of crown‐rump length and abdomen cross sectional area or fetal “volume”, were compared with the birthweights of newborn delivered within 72 hours of measurement.

Birthweight was highly correlated with head circumference (r = 0.87), abdomen circumference (r = 0.96) and fetal “volume” (r = 0.95). Fitted linear regression equations were calculated relating birthweight to the three ultrasound factors. For abdomen circumference and fetal “volume” the residual standard deviation of birthweight values about the regression line was 250 g.

A linear combination of abdomen circumference and fetal “volume”, and abdomen circumference and head circumference values was better than abdomen circumference alone to predict birthweight There was no clinical advantage in using fetal “volume” over abdomen circumference alone to predict birthweight.
Hydatidiform Mole Induced by Clomiphene Citrate Therapy
Authors: Takayama Masaomi , Soma Hiroaki , Suzuki Yasunobu , Okudera Kenichi
Published: August 2010

Two women were treated for hydatidiform mole after receiving clomiphene to induce ovulation. One of the women was further given methotrexate (MTX) for treatment of persistent trophoblastic disease.
The Effects of Hormone and Protein Increases During Pregnancy on Natural Killer (NK) Cell Activity
Authors: Kurashige Takanobu , Morita Hideo , Ogura Hideo , Kurashige Michi , Kitamura Isamu , Kamimura Osamu
Published: August 2010

We have previously reported natural killer (NK) cell activity during pregnancy, and the effects of maternal sera on NK cell activity. In this study we explored the effects of hormone and protein increases during pregnancy on NK cell activity. Among hormones and proteins, estradiol, progesterone and alpha‐fetoprotein did not suppress NK cell activity but human chorionic godadotropin (HCG) significantly, and cortisol moderately suppressed NK cell activity.
Effects of External Calcium and Calcium Antagonist, Diltiazem, on Isolated Segments of Pregnant Human Myometrium
Authors: Kawarabayashi Tatsuhiko , Kishikawa Tadao , Sugimori Hajime
Published: August 2010

Spontaneous electrical activity and contraction of isolated segments from the isth‐mic region of pregnant human myometrium were recorded by the single sucrose‐gap method, and effects of calcium and diltiazem on the muscle were studied.

The segments, obtained at cesarean section, had plateau‐ or spike‐type action potentials. When external Ca2+ was increased from 2.5 mM (normal concentration in Krebs solution) to 7 mM, the durations of both types of action potentials gradually decreased and finally disappeared. The contractions were well synchronized with action potentials, and amplitude, frequency and half‐duration of the contraction were all decreased when extracellular Ca2+ was increased. On the other hand, at a lower external Ca2+ concentration (1.25 mM) the duration of the action potentials was reduced, as was the contraction force. Diltiazem (10‐8‐10‐5 g/ml) suppressed both types of action potentials, and the accompanying contractions were reduced. However, the frequency of contraction was increased by lower doses in some muscles. Diltiazem 10‐5g/ml completely abolished the spontaneous activity. High K+ in the muscles caused a phasic contraction followed by a tonic contracture. Diltiazem 10‐5 g/ml suppressed both responses.

These results suggest that spontaneous action potentials and contractions are altered by changes in external Ca2+. High Ca2+ might increase potassium conductance and stabilize the membrane. Consequently action potential duration was shortened and finally eradicated. It is also suggested that diltiazem may antagonize Ca2+ mobilization at the membrane surface including the stabilizing site, hence affecting the frequency and suppressing the spontaneous contraction and high K+ contracture.
Complement Aspects of Threatened Abortion and Toxemia of Pregnancy
Authors: Hatano Hisaaki , Sasaki Shigeru , Araki Tsutomu
Published: August 2010

Complement titers were measured in threatened abortion and toxemia of pregnancy. Components of the alternative pathway were suppressed in abnormal pregnancies compared to that of normal pregnant women. Decreased CH50 were also observed but there were no changes of C4 levels in the cases of pregnant patients with complications. Extracts from human chorionic villi activated serum 50% hemoly‐sis of the alternative pathway. These results suggested that the alternative pathway is mainly influenced in abnormal pregnancies.
Factors Affecting Breast‐Feeding among Hong Kong Chinese
Authors: Koo Linda C. , Wong Vivian C. , Ho Ching Y.
Published: August 2010

Four hundred and thirteen mothers attending maternal and child health clinics were interviewed. The incidence of breast‐feeding was 28%, with a mean duration of 10 weeks among mothers who breast‐fed their babies. Families with higher levels of education and income were more likely to breast‐feed their infants, whereas those with lower education and income tended to continue breast‐feeding for longer periods. Mothers who felt that breast milk was superior to bottle milk, and who had breast‐fed their previous child were more likely to be breast‐feeders. The hospital procedure of feeding infants on demand rather than scheduled feeding was found to be the best predictor of breast‐feeding incidence.
Health Implications of Traditional Female Circumcision in Pregnancy
Authors: Adetoro Olalekan O. , Ebomoyi Ehigie
Published: August 2010

A case of traditional female circumcision in pregnancy is presented. The case is complicated by severe haemorrhage, genital infection and prematurity with the delivery of a fresh stillbirth. This presentation highlights the importance of the need to discourage this hazardous, age‐longed cultural practice, through health education of the community.
Cytology of Fetal Ascites and Antenatal Diagnosis of Meconium Peritonitis
Authors: Shimokawa Hiroshi , Matsuyama Toshitaka , Maeda Hirotaka , Hara Kenji , Nakano Hitoo
Published: August 2010

We treated a baby with meconium peritonitis diagnosed antenatally by cytology of the fetal ascites. Cytologic examination of fetal ascites is a useful tool for the antenatal diagnosis of meconium peritonitis.
The Acute Effects of Antidepressants, Maprotiline and Amoxapine on Serum Prolactin and Gonadotropin Levels in Normal Women
Authors: Koizumi Kiyoshi , Aono Toshihiro , Tanizawa Osamu
Published: August 2010

The acute effects of single oral doses of antidepressants, maprotiline and amoxapine on serum levels of prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) were studied in six normally cycling women. After oral administration of 25 mg maprotiline, no significant increase was observed in serum PRL levels, but PRL levels increased significantly (p<0.05) 6 hour after administration of 25 mg amoxapine. There were no significant changes in serum LH and FSH levels after taking either drug. These results suggest that amoxapine increases PRL levels and possibly leads to galactorrhea and amenorrhea. It is recommended to use antidepressants that do not cause hyperprolactinemia, e.g. maprotiline, especially in female patients.
Heteroimmunization against Human Male Reproductive Antigens: Immunogenicity and Antisperm Antibody Patterns
Authors: Wang Shi‐Xian , Ing Raymond M. Y. , Jones Warren R.
Published: August 2010

The relative immunogenicity of various components of the human male reproductive system was studied in a heterologous murine system in which sperm antibody titres were assessed using the tray agglutination test (TAT), the sperm immobilization test (SIT), an indirect immunofluorescence antibody method, and an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). There was a wide variation in the sensitivity of the methods used for sperm antibody detection and in the ability of male tract components to provoke an immune response directed against sperm. The ELISA was the most sensitive test and demonstrated that all positive sera contained sperm antibodies in each Ig class and IgG sub‐class. The TAT and SIT were intermediate in sensitivity and the indirect immunofluorescence test gave the lowest titre.

The spectrum of sperm antibody tests indicated that whole sperm, either untreated or “washed” were more immunogenic than sperm extracts, seminal plasma or testi‐cular extracts in that order. The results also demonstrated that the most immunogenic components in seminal plasma are those that are absorbed onto the sperm surface and that these components contribute significantly to the antigenicity of ejaculated sperm.
Trends of Oestriol and Progesterone in Normal Pregnancies
Authors: Evans J. J. , Aickin D. R.
Published: August 2010

Trends of steroid concentrations during pregnancy are sometimes proposed as indicators of fetal well being. The percent variation of levels of urine oestrogen, plasma oestriol and plasma progesterone were calculated in normal pregnancies over fortnightly intervals, as percentages of initial values. The data was used to construct the normal ranges for the variation of these steroid fractions during the final ten weeks of pregnancy. Wide ranges of variation were observed. There were occasions when changes of —30% were recorded, thus revealing that such decrements are not definitive indicators of severe fetal distress. Conversely surges which doubled the level over a two week period were observed. Possibly trends will provide most information when pregnant women are sampled frequently.
Trehalase Isozymes in Amniotic Fluid
Authors: Honda Ken‐ichi , Ogita Sachio , Imanaka Motoharu , Oka Tomoko , Matsumoto Masahiko , Sugawa Tadashi
Published: August 2010

A technique has been developed for the separation of trehalase isozymes by poly‐acrylamide slab gel electrophoresis in horizontal plates. Amniotic fluid was found to contain two isozymes at middle gestation and two or three isozymes at late gestation. Meconium at middle gestation and newborn urine contain only low‐mobility isozyme. High‐mobility and medium‐mobility isozymes are thought to be formed by recombination of enzyme subunits originating from fetal meconium and urine. We also demonstrated developmental changes of trehalase isozyme in chorionic tissue. Trehalase isozymes appear to be an useful metabolic marker of fetal maturity.
Fetal Macrosomia: Demographic Analysis and Perinatal Performance in a Chinese Population
Authors: Li Dominic F. H. , Wong Vivian C. W. , Ma H. K.
Published: August 2010

A retrospective analysis of the demographic and perinatal data of 332 macrosomic infants (≥3.8 kg) born of Chinese mothers in a teaching hospital in Hong Kong was performed. Results were compared with similar data from 334 normal weight infants (>2.5 to <3.8 kg) randomly selected in the same year. The incidence of fetal macrosomia was 5.7% of the annual deliveries. Significant maternal risk factors were increased maternal age, high pre‐pregnant weight and ponderal index, positive history of previous macrosomic babies and presence of maternal diabetes. The incidence of diabetes mellitus was 13.6%. Clinical suspicion of macrosomia before delivery was positive in only 31.0%, of cases. The uterine volume index (UVI) at term was calculated by the formula: UVI = (Fundal heightXAbdominal girth2/4π. When the UVI was >34.0 litres, the predictive value for macrosomia was 40% with a false positive rate of only 2.2%. Meconium stained liquor and caesarean section were more common. First stage of labour was comparable but second stage was significantly prolonged. Among macrosomic infants, male: female ratio was 1.7: 1. Birth trauma and neonatal jaundice were more common. Maternal diabetes is a significant contributory factor which may justify screening of the maternity population to allow early detection and treatment.
Ovarian Morphology and Histopathology in Post Pill Amenorrhea
Authors: Said Samy , Habashy Mostafa A. El , Osman Mohamed M. , Shams Ahmed T. , Madwar Amira Y. , Nayel Sayed A.
Published: August 2010

The morphological changes in the ovaries of 20 normal and 20 post pill amenorrhea cases were studied via laparoscopy. Ovarian biopsies were taken in some of them to study the histopathological changes. Again endometrial biopsies were taken to study the endometrial picture in cases of post pill amenorrhea and to determine the stage of the menstrual cycle in the normal controls. The ovaries were morphologically active in 13 normal control cases encountered during the late proliferative and the secretory phase. The ovaries in all cases of post pill amenorrhea, on the other hand, were resting and inactive. Ovarian biopsies confirmed the morphological findings. Regarding the endometrial biopsies, histological patterns coincided with the ovarian morphological findings in the normal controls. While the endometrium was resting in 14 and atrophic in 6 cases of post pill amenorrhea. The significance of these results were discussed.
Endometriosis in a Patient with Rudimentary Uterus and Absent Vagina: A Case Report
Authors: Buckshee Kamal , Dhond Abhey
Published: August 2010

A 22‐year‐old female presented with primary amenorrhoea, congenital absence of vagina and rudimentary horn of the uterus. Laparoscopic examination revealed rudimentary uterus with normal tubes and small ovaries. She had 46 XX karyotype with normal intravenous pyelogram. At the time of vaginoplasty a small purple colour nodule was detected in the suburethral region, which was excised. Histopathological diagnosis of the nodule was endometriosis. Association of endometriosis with rudimentary uterus and absent vagina is a uniquefinding.
Pudendal Block: An Obstetric Procedure That Needs Critical Evaluation
Authors: Arulkumaran S. , Ingemarsson I. , Hamlett J. D. , Chua S. , Rydstrom H. , Ratnam S. S.
Published: August 2010

The efficacy of pudendal block anaesthesia was evaluated in three centres by obstetric staff of different seniority. In one centre a Med‐E‐Jet which drives and disperses the drug at high velocity was used. The results obtained by objective testing of pain gave a complete bilateral block in 50% of cases. In 16.7% of the cases the block was adequate only on the left side with partial or no analgesia on the opposite side; the corresponding figure for the right side was 8.9%. The remaining 24.4% of cases needed additional local infiltration and was considered as failures.

The seniority of the obstetric staff or the equipment used did not improve the results. The highest success rate was achieved by staff using the method routinely. Caution is expressed in performing trial of forceps or rotational forceps delivery under pudendal block anaesthesia without objectively testing for the results achieved by the block. Considering the success obtained in unilateral blockade there is room for improving the block achieved on both sides.
Comparison of Hysterosalpingography and Laparoscopy in the Evaluation of Tubal Factor
Authors: Dhaliwal Lakhbir Kaur , Khera Kamla Rani , Gupta Indu , Gupta Amar Nath
Published: August 2010

Diagnostic findings obtained by hysterosalpingography and laparoscopy are compared in 200 cases. In 45.5% cases the results are in agreement. False positive results by HSG are found in 21.5% of subjects and 15% were false negative findings on HSG films. HSG holds a definite place in the initial diagnostic evaluation of the tubal factor in infertile women.
Fetal Supraventricular Tachycardia Associated with a True Knot of Umbilical Cord
Authors: Chen Shin‐Zon , Teshima Hideo , Matsuoka Ryo , Mori Hiroyuki , Kigawa Tomonori
Published: August 2010

The association of an abnormal fetal heart rate tracing with a true knot of umbilical cord has rarely been reported. Presented is the first case report of persistent fetal supraventricular tachycardia of 230 bpm with a second degree A‐V block due to tightening of a true knot of cord. The infant was delivered successfully by emergency cesarean section without any heart decompensation. The possible pathophysiology of the monitoring findings is discussed, with a review of the literature.
Human Endometrial Adenocarcinoma Cells in vitro Response to the Administration of Steroid Hormones
Authors: Nishiya Iwao , Sato Ken , Yoshizumi Noboru , Saito Satoshi
Published: August 2010

This study was organized to investigate the response of cultured human endometrial adenocarcinoma cells (SNG‐M and Ishikawa) treated with Estradiol‐17β (E2), Diethylstilbestrol (DES), Progesterone (P) and Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) using a flow cytometer. It could be suggested that E2 and DES (1 μg/ml) caused a decrease in the Go + Gj phase cell counts and an increase in the S and G2 + M phase cell counts, whereas both P and MPA (10 μg/ml) caused an increase in the S phase cell counts, and a decrease of the Go + G1 and G2 + M phase cell counts in SNG‐M cells.

However, in Ishikawa cells no remarkable changes were observed in the cell cycle after the treatment with these hormones. In SNG‐M as well as in Ishikawa, both P and MPA (10 üg/ml) caused a remarkable decrease in the relative RNA content.
Transplantation of Human Ovarian Pseudomyxoma Peritonei to Nude Mice and Sensitivity to Anticancer Agents
Authors: Yakushiji Michiaki , Miyahara Kenichi , Nishimura Haruo , Iwanaga Shigeaki , Kato Toshi
Published: August 2010

Human ovarian pseudomyxoma peritonei was successfully transplanted subcutane‐ously and intraperitoneally to nude mice. The intraperitoneal tumor system showed especially close similarities to human pseudomyxoma peritonei. Serum carcinoem‐bryonic antigen levels were high both in the human tumor donor and in the majority of the nude mice recipients.

Using nude mice with intraperitoneally transplanted tumors, the effects of the new anticancer agents cisplatin and adriamycin were investigated. Both singly and in combination, the two agents were effective in inhibiting tumor proliferation.

The histological effect was remarkable in the mice that received treatment with both agents in combination.

Serum CEA levels tended to be lower in the cases with apparent histological evidence of tumor damage.
Primary Culture of Cells Derived from Human Myometrium: Both Myometrium and Cultured Cells Stained with Desmin by the Enzyme‐Labeled Antibody Method
Authors: Otsuka Haruo , Yoshida Kohji , Kusano Shuichi , Okamura Yasushi
Published: August 2010

To evaluate the characteristics of myometrial cells, we studied primary cultures of cells obtained from uterine muscle.

The myometrium was cut into small pieces and suspended in a trypsin solution. The primary cell culture, as a monolayer, could be passaged four times.

To confirm that the cultured cells were derived from myometrium, both the myometrium and the cells were stained with desmin by the enzyme‐labeled antibody method. These were all positive. As a result, we confirmed that the cultured cells were derived from myometrium.
Delivery Following Removal and Chemotherapy of Ovarian Endodermal Sinus Tumor
Authors: Matsuoka Ryo , Kaneda Sachie , Teshima Hideo , Koike Sadanori , Mizutani Katsumi , Mori Hiroyuki , Kigawa Tomonori , Yamamoto Masashiro , Maruyama Takayoshi
Published: August 2010

A case of delivery after treatment of an ovarian endodermal sinus tumor (stage lc) is reported. The patient was a 27‐year‐old Japanese woman who showed a rapid decrease in α‐fetoprotein after the operation and chemotherapy. Three years later, she became pregnant and bore a female baby without any malformation at full term.
Variants of 61 Cases with Gonadal Dysgenesis
Authors: Yang Yu‐Shih , Huang Jaou‐Chen , Lee Tzu‐Yao
Published: August 2010

Sixty‐one patients with gonadal dysgenesis were grouped under chromosomally incompetent ovarian failure (CIOF) and chromosomally competent ovarian failure (CCOF) according to their karyotypes. Forty‐one patients (67.2%) belong to CIOF, including: 12 cases (19.7%) with 45X; 22 cases (36.1%) with 45X/46XX; One case (1.6%) with 45X/46XX/47XXX; One case (1.6%) with 46X, i (Xq); 4 cases (6.6%) with 45X/46XY and one case (1.6%) with 46XY/47XYY. Twenty patients (32.8%) belong to CCOF including 16 cases (26.2%) with 46XX and 4 cases (6.6%) with 46XY. Various degree of phenotypic expression in different chromosomal complements were noted. Patients without X chromosome material were more likely to have complete picture of the Turner stigmata. Cases with mosaic pattern such as 45X/46XX retained some degree of fertility, prenatal genetic counselling should be advised in these cases because their progeny had higher incidence of chromosomal anomalies. As high incidence of germ cell tumors may arise from streak gonads of individuals with a Y chromosome, bilateral gonadectomy should be performed in every case as soon as possible if the diagnosis was confirmed.
Cystic Hygroma Presenting as a Case of Shoulder Dystocia in Labour
Authors: Rachagan S. P. , Yusof Khairuddin , Pathmanathan R.
Published: August 2010

A case of a fetus with cystic hygroma presenting as shoulder dystocia in second stage of labour is presented. The use of destructive operations viz. cleidotomy and decapitation, in modern day obstetric practice and the pathology of cystic hygroma is discussed.
Hydatidiform Mole: Patient Profile and the Impact of Prophylactic Chemotherapy at the Philippine General Hospital, 1975–1983
Authors: Isidro‐Gutierrez Rosario F. , Palo‐Garcoa Fe , Blanco‐Capito Lourdes R.
Published: August 2010

The clinical profile of patients with hydatidiform mole admitted to the Philippine General Hospital is presented.

In this study prophylactic chemotherapy for hydatidiform mole had its advantages and its risks. It reduced the development of post‐molar non‐metastatic trophoblastic disease (NMTD) and metastatic trophoblastic disease (MTD). However, it also showed that toxicity to methotrexate could be severe even with the first course. At the Philippine General Hospital the authors found it advisable to limit its use to patients who are at greater risk of developing trophoblastic sequelae.
Pregnancy after Intra‐Uterine Insemination of Washed Motile Fraction Sperm: A Case Report
Authors: Lim Charles M. P.
Published: August 2010

This is the first case of pregnancy and delivery reported in Singapore after intra‐uterine insemination of motile fraction sperms in an infertile patient whose husband has oligospermia.
A Comparative Study of Intrauterine Fetal Resuscitation by β‐Stimulant and O2 Inhalation
Authors: Hidaka Atsuo , Komatani Mitsuo , Ikeda Haruki , Kitanaka Takashi , Okada Kazume , Sugawa Tadashi
Published: August 2010

A comparative study of intrauterine fetal resuscitation by administration of β‐stimulant and maternal oxygen inhalation was performed. Type II dips in labor recovered in 18% (8/44) of the cases after maternal O2 inhalation; the effectiveness of this therapy was apparent in only the 1st stage of labor.

The administration of β‐stimulant (5 mg Isoxsuprine + 20 ml of 5% glucose solution) brought about recovery from fetal distress in 95% (54/57) of cases, but its effective duration was less than 30 minutes.
Tubal Pregnancy Following Laparoscopic Sterilisation
Authors: Iype Elizabeth , Nair V. Rajasekharan , Girija B.
Published: August 2010

Ectopic pregnancy following tubectomy is a well recognised entity whereas ectopic following laparoscopic sterilisation with silastic band application is not reported so far. The present paper deals with 3 cases of tubal gestation following silastic band application which occurred in a series of 22,000 cases done by the authors over a S‐year period.
Plasma Prolactin and Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate Levels in Polycystic Ovarian Disease
Authors: Lee Jin Yong , Yoon Byung Koo , Moon Shin Yong , Kim Jung Gu , Chang Yoon Seok
Published: August 2010

This study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence rate of hyperprolactinemia (HPRL) in polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD), and to ascertain the effect of HPRL on androgen production of the adrenal cortex as well as the adrenal participation in PCOD by measuring plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS). This study included 43 patients with PCOD and 20 normal control women. HPRL was found in 7 (16.3%) of 43 patients with PCOD. The mean plasma DHEAS level was significantly higher in patients with hyperprolactinemic PCOD than in patients with nor‐moprolactinemic PCOD. A significant positive correlation was found between plasma prolactin (PRL) and DHEAS value in the hyperprolactinemic group. [The mean plasma DHEAS concentration was significantly elevated in patients with PCOD than in normal controls. Hirsute PCOD patients had a significantly higher mean plasma level of DHEAS than non‐hirsute group. These data show a distinct profile of androgen levels in patient with PCOD and suggested that higher levels of PRL in PCOD is significantly associated with elevated DHEAS.