bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Loss of apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC) worsens high fat diet-induced hyperglycemia in mice
Authors: Templin Andrew T , Schmidt Christine , Hogan Meghan F , Esser Nathalie , Kitsis Richard N , Hull Rebecca L , Zraika Sakeneh , Kahn Steven E
Published: August 2021

Apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC) is an endogenous inhibitor of cell death signaling that is expressed in insulin-producing β cells. ARC has been shown to reduce β-cell death in response to diabetogenic stimuli in vitro, but its role in maintaining glucose homeostasis in vivo has not been fully established. Here we examined whether loss of ARC in FVB background mice exacerbates high fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperglycemia in vivo over 24 weeks. Prior to commencing 24-week HFD, ARC−/− mice had lower body weight than wild type (WT) mice. This body weight difference was maintained until the end of the study and was associated with decreased epididymal and inguinal adipose tissue mass in ARC−/− mice. Non-fasting plasma glucose was not different between ARC−/− and WT mice prior to HFD feeding, and ARC−/− mice displayed a greater increase in plasma glucose over the first 4 weeks of HFD. Plasma glucose remained elevated in ARC−/− mice after 16 weeks of HFD feeding, at which time it had returned to baseline in WT mice. Following 24 weeks of HFD, non-fasting plasma glucose in ARC−/− mice returned to baseline and was not different from WT mice. At this final time point, no differences were observed between genotypes in plasma glucose or insulin under fasted conditions or following intravenous glucose administration. However, HFD-fed ARC−/− mice exhibited significantly decreased β-cell area compared to WT mice. Thus, ARC deficiency delays, but does not prevent, metabolic adaptation to HFD feeding in mice, worsening transient HFD-induced hyperglycemia.
Judicialización de los conflictos ambientales en el departamento del Chocó: ríos de mercurio
Authors: Echavarría-Rentería Yeicy Lorena , Hinestroza-Cuesta Lisneider
Published: August 2021

En Colombia se registra una escalada exponencial de los conflictos ambientales, ocasionada por el uso y explotación intensivos de los recursos naturales, lo que ha generado una crisis ambiental poco visibilizada, en parte por el modelo económico neoextractivista adoptado por el país. En el departamento del Chocó, uno de los lugares con mayor biodiversidad en Colombia y el mundo, la minería ilegal mecanizada y el conflicto armado interno han generado graves impactos ambientales y sociales, que han afectado especialmente las fuentes hídricas. Este departamento es habitado mayoritariamente por comunidades negras e indígenas, que han visto vulnerados su territorio ancestral, su forma de vida y sus derechos, a causa de la explotación indiscriminada de los recursos naturales. Mediante una investigación exploratoria, documental y analítico-descriptiva, este artículo se enfoca en identificar los principales conflictos socio-ambientales relacionados con fuentes hídricas que fueron judicializados en los últimos años en el departamento del Chocó, caracterizarlos, determinar sus principales actores y efectos, y determinar la efectividad de la vía judicial para resolver este tipo de conflictos. Se concluye que es urgente que el Estado colombiano reconozca y garantice el ejercicio de los mecanismos propios de resolución de conflictos de las comunidades negras, los cuales son una herramienta efectiva para resolver controversias de tipo ambiental y garantizar el acceso a la justicia en las regiones más apartadas del país.
La encrucijada de la virtualidad en la educación superior frente al problema multidimensional de las violencias basadas en género
Authors: Pachón Montañez Nicholl Valeria
Published: August 2021

A partir de la Sentencia T-239 de 2018, se ha escalado en las discusiones jurídicas la necesidad de crear ambientes educativos libres de violencias basadas en género, no obstante, tanto la caracterización como el reconocimiento de estas violencias en las aulas sigue siendo una discusión estéril y meramente enunciativa. La emergencia sanitaria ocasionada por COVID-19 ha mostrado la necesidad de repensar las relaciones y las dinámicas educativas más allá de los preconceptos, para atender las complejidades que representan tanto la construcción del diálogo como el uso del lenguaje dentro de las dinámicas educativas.

En este artículo se hace un llamado a aprovechar el surgimiento de las nuevas formas de comunicación en las instituciones de educación superior para replantear la manera en que se está observando la violencia de género a partir de los instrumentos institucionales resultantes de la Sentencia T-239 de 2018 y profundizar en el estudio de las condiciones de igualdad dentro de las aulas, con el propósito de contar con herramientas que respondan de manera efectiva a la materialización de la igualdad de género en la educación.
El modelo de gestión en red para la atención integral de la primera infancia en Costa Rica: Una mirada desde sus actores
Authors: Hernández-Vargas Dora , Chacón-Ortiz Manuel
Published: August 2021

Este estudio analiza los resultados de una encuesta llevada a cabo a profesionales que coordinan redes de atención intersectorial en el marco del Sistema de Atención Integral e Intersectorial del Desarrollo de Niñas y Niños (SAIID) en Costa Rica. La encuesta tuvo como objetivo caracterizar la experiencia costarricense del modelo de gestión en red desde la perspectiva de sus actores. La metodología utilizada tiene un enfoque cuantitativo y reporta un estudio exploratorio de diseño no experimental. La información fue recabada mediante un cuestionario en línea aplicando el criterio de muestreo a conveniencia. El instrumento fue aplicado a 43 personas coordinadoras de redes regionales y locales participantes de la iniciativa del SAIID. Los resultados muestran que la experiencia de trabajo en red del SAIID se ha basado en un modelo intersectorial de gestión más flexible en relación con otros modelos tradicionales, centralistas y verticales. Las personas participantes reportaron que este modelo fortaleció el desarrollo de sus capacidades de liderazgo en todos los niveles. Dada la variedad de instancias estatales implicadas, los procesos de gestión conllevaron esfuerzos de planificación, así como evaluación permanente; apoyada por protocolos de atención y distintas herramientas para la valoración y el seguimiento intersectorial del desarrollo de la niñez. Se concluye que un modelo de gestión que apuesta por la participación interdisciplinaria y la formación continua de quienes son parte del sistema resulta un modelo sostenible que da respuesta a los llamados de la comunidad nacional e internacional por el cuidado y la educación de la infancia.
Validación de prueba para evaluar la competencia digital en el área de resolución de problemas en estudiantes de educación obligatoria
Authors: Cabezas-González Marcos , Casillas-Martín Sonia , García-Valcárcel-Muñoz-Repiso Ana , Basilotta-Gómez-Pablos Verónica
Published: August 2021

Introducción. La evaluación de la competencia digital del estudiantado es una actividad importante, ya que sus resultados aportarán información relevante para diseñar y desarrollar propuestas de alfabetización tecnológica dentro del sistema educativo. Para ello, es necesario diseñar procesos de evaluación que superen la percepción que los sujetos tienen de sí mismos en relación con diferentes aspectos de la competencia digital, para identificar, realmente, los conocimientos, capacidades y actitudes que poseen. Metodología. Este artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio cuyo objetivo es analizar las características psicométricas de una prueba para evaluar la competencia digital de estudiantes de educación obligatoria en el área competencial de resolución de problemas. El diseño metodológico es descriptivo y transversal y se ha utilizado una muestra de 595 estudiantes de 12-14 años de 17 centros educativos. Análisis de datos. Se centró en conocer la validez y fiabilidad del instrumento. Resultados y conclusión. Los resultados obtenidos llevan a concluir que estamos ante un instrumento válido y fiable que permite identificar el nivel de competencia digital observada en el área mencionada.
Prácticas evaluativas de personal docente de educación especial para estudiantado con discapacidad intelectual, integrado en escuelas regulares
Authors: Bizama Marcela , Martínez Joanna
Published: August 2021

Objetivo. El propósito de esta investigación fue conocer las prácticas evaluativas diferenciadas que realiza el profesorado chileno de educación especial para estudiantes que presentan necesidades educativas especiales derivadas de discapacidad intelectual, quienes se integran en escuelas de educación general básica a través de los Proyectos de Integración Escolar (PIE). El estudio pretendió, además, analizar los significados que los equipos docentes de educación especial atribuyen a sus propias prácticas de evaluación. Metodología. La investigación se realizó desde un enfoque metodológico cualitativo con un diseño de estudio de caso múltiple. Las personas participantes fueron 10 docentes de educación especial en servicio, de 9 establecimientos educacionales diferentes de la región del Biobío, Chile. El instrumento utilizado para la recopilación de información fue la entrevista semiestructurada. La información recogida fue analizada a través de la técnica de análisis de contenido temático. Resultados. Los hallazgos muestran que los educadores y las educadoras especiales que se entrevistaron utilizan procedimientos de evaluación diferenciada alineados con los principios de la evaluación general, pero con una participación incipiente de elementos propios de la especialidad, para dar respuesta a las necesidades educativas especiales del estudiantado que presenta discapacidad intelectual. Conclusiones. Se concluye que es necesario que los centros reflexionen sobre los procesos de enseñanza y prácticas de evaluación que llevan a cabo, con el fin de establecer mejoras en sus dinámicas y procesos de aprendizaje del estudiantado con discapacidad intelectual que asiste a centros regulares de enseñanza.
Educación de la inteligencia emocional en edad escolar: Un estudio exploratorio desde la perspectiva docente
Authors: García-Tudela Pedro Antonio , Marín-Sánchez Pedro
Published: August 2021

Introducción. En la actualidad existe una tendencia educativa hacia una pedagogía afectiva. Por ello, en este trabajo se investiga el conocimiento y la experiencia que docentes de educación primaria (alumnado de entre 6 y 12 años) tienen sobre la inteligencia emocional y su educación. Metodología. Un total de 100 docentes de España participan en este estudio transaccional exploratorio. Concretamente, la muestra conseguida a través de una técnica no probabilística de tipo casual ha respondido un cuestionario a partir del que se ha realizado un análisis de datos cuantitativos y cualitativos a través de SPSS y Atlas.ti. Resultados. En relación con los conocimientos teóricos sobre el objeto de estudio, se han elaborado 35 códigos donde se recogen 236 citas textuales; no se haya ninguna correlación positiva entre el trabajo cotidiano de la IE en el aula y las diferentes variables sociodemográficas; los datos también evidencian que existen centros educativos en los que se implementan programas de inteligencia emocional para todos los cursos, en cambio, en otros centros se halla cierta incoherencia interna. Por último, existe una significativa predisposición a formarse en la educación emocional. Discusión y conclusiones. Una destacable parte de la muestra tiene una adecuada visión teórica del concepto de la inteligencia emocional según los autores de referencia. Sin embargo, a pesar de existir una elevada implicación práctica, en muchas ocasiones se trabaja de una manera informal o no explícita, cuando el reto actual consiste en desarrollar programas longitudinales. Se proponen nuevas líneas de investigación vinculadas a los hallazgos de este estudio, como el desarrollo de un estudio descriptivo y otro experimental.
Identificación y caracterización de potenciales sistemas acuíferos en la parte media y baja de la cuenca del río La Villa, República de Panamá
Authors: Opolenko de Arjona Valentina
Published: August 2021

The La Villa River hydrographic basin is considered a priority basin in Panama due to its great socioeconomic value, however, its environmental degradation is notorious as consequence of having suffered from the greatest number of water deficiency periods and droughts. The objective of the present investigation was to determine the geological conditions in the middle and lower part of the La Villa River basin, in order to identify new exploitable groundwater reserves and to reveal prospective zones housing aquifers whose geometry and hydraulic characteristics are not known precisely. Thus, a geological survey was carried out and complemented with geophysical exploration which included field work and the creation of maps and lithological profiles. As a consequence of our research, the Borrola-La Colorada and Pesé aquifers zones were delimited and characterized in the investigated area and both deemed prospective for future groundwater exploitation. With the execution of this pilot project the methodological foundations have been established, for the first time in Panama, for obtaining the necessary knowledge involved in the detection of optimal future drilling sites based on technical criteria leveraged on hydrogeological science. These criteria are made available to decision makers and water resource managers for the sustainable exploitation of water resources thus promoting the departure from the existing irrational scheme of simple extraction applied not only in La Villa River basin but other basins throughout the nation.
Morfometría de la subcuenca hidrográfica del río Páez, Cartago, Costa Rica
Authors: Alvarez Jiménez María , Ramírez-Granados Pablo , Alfaro-Jiménez Kevin , Solís-Torres Ligia Dina , Castro-Solís José
Published: August 2021

Morphometric studies provide information on the hydrological functioning in a basin. The objective of the present study was to determine morphometric parameters in the sub-basin of the PáezRiver, located in the province of Cartago, Costa Rica, necessary for land use planning within thebasin and its proper management. Morphometric construction was based on the 1:10,000 scale contour lines available for the Gran Area Metropolitana (translated as the Greater Metropolitan Area)and geographic information systems utilized to digitalize contour lines, drainages and watershed.Resulting from the morphometric analysis, a sub-basin area of 28.34 km2 and perimeter distanceof 47.4270 km were estimated. The sub-basin is comprised of 22 micro-basins and overall exhibitsa form factor value of 0.1171, thus indicating an elongated sub-basin. A compactness coefficientvalue of 2.4942 indicates an elongated basin. The sub-basin exhibits a concave hypsometric curve,where the peak of its altimetry distribution corresponds to altitudes between 3315 m and 980 m.The slope parameter has an average value of 29.3% slope. It is evident the role played by the PáezRiver sub-basin for the development of productive activities and water supply of some localities inthe province of Cartago.
Simulation of two-stage automotive shredder residue pyrolysis and gasification process using the Aspen Plus model
Authors: Yang Bin , Chen Ming
Published: August 2021

The disposal of automotive shredder residue (ASR) directly affects China’s goal of achieving a 95% recycling rate for end-of-life vehicles. Pyrolysis and gasification have gradually become the most commonly used thermochemical technologies for ASR recycling. To obtain more hydrogen-rich syngas, it is necessary to determine the optimal process parameters of the ASR pyrolysis and gasification process. The main process parameters of the two-stage ASR pyrolysis and gasification process were studied using the established Aspen Plus model. Through analyzing the effects of process parameters, such as the temperature, equivalence ratio, and mass ratio of steam to ASR feedstock, on the product distribution and product characteristics of ASR pyrolysis and gasification, the optimal process parameters were determined. A series of comparative experiments under different conditions were conducted. The experimental results verified the accuracy and reliability of the Aspen Plus simulation model for the ASR pyrolysis and gasification processes and verified the practical feasibility of the process parameters obtained from the simulation analysis.
Conditions of Rural Population in the Context of Social Policy Development
Authors: СHERNICHENKO V.V.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to research of terms of residence of population of Ukraine, inclu- ding in the cut of different types of settlements, to the exposure of connections between factors which influence on the quantitative and high-quality indexes of the adopted terms. Outlined directions of softening of consequences of the negative influencing of different factors on the terms of residence populations and priorities of public policy in the field of housing building and at the market of habitation.
Pensando la Contaduría Pública en su ejercicio profesional: contextos y presupuestos
Authors: Rojas Rojas William , Sánchez Grijalba Andrés Mauricio
Published: August 2021

La institucionalización de la contaduría pública como profesión liberal en Colombia ha estado permeado por un entorno instrumentalizado propio de la globalización. En este contexto, es importante reflexionar sobre la profesión contable y sus modelos educativos, reconociendo la importancia de formar e investigar sobre contabilidad y la respuesta que debe dar a los stakeholders. El reto es formar profesionales que cuenten con herramientas teóricas-instrumentales para responder a dinámicas de un entorno empresarial cambiante y turbulento. Así, la profesión contable se define como una tecnología capaz de presentar cierto tipo de información racional, a partir de analizar las transacciones de un ente económico que opera en un contexto globalizado. Siendo así, vale preguntarse por los supuestos contextuales y subjetivos (del estudiante y del profesional contable) con que se piensa y proyecta la valoración de la profesión. ¿Será importante repensar el entorno organizacional enmarcado hoy en principios de eficiencia y productividad? ¿Cómo el consumo afecta el actuar profesional? Este documento de reflexión propone explorar cómo la realidad organizacional-social incurre en la preparación y desarrollo del ejercicio profesional. Este texto se orienta desde la perspectiva crítica de la contabilidad, considerando que el ejercicio profesional implica la formación de la realidad social, la administración de la vida, el control y la organización de actividades
O problema do lançamento oblíquo no Ensino de Física com abordagem na programação de computadores
Authors: Cassal Marcos Luis , Orengo Gilberto , Isaia Silvia Maria de Aguiar
Published: August 2021

Um dos assuntos que tem despertado o interesse e a discussão pela comunidade acadêmica da área de ensino no Brasil é o Ensino de Física. O componente curricular da Física é caracterizado como difícil, desinteressante e que consequentemente apresenta dificuldades no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Uma das possibilidades de modificar este cenário é o desenvolvimento de aulas com atividades experimentais com o uso de novas tecnologias e recursos computacionais. A questão norteadora para esta investigação foi: Como a programação de computadores pode ajudar nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem do problema do lançamento oblíquo? Este trabalho apresenta uma nova alternativa para as aulas de Física com a construção de programas computacionais, pelos próprios estudantes, aplicados na simulação de fenômenos físicos. O conteúdo abordado fez referência ao problema do lançamento oblíquo. A teoria de aprendizagem que embasou o estudo foi a Teoria dos Campos Conceituais. Os resultados obtidos foram satisfatórios, apontando que a programação de computadores pode ser utilizada como um recurso didático nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem da Física.
“Xilala is only treated with a good hand”: a study on the treatment of malnutrition in Mozambique
Authors: Gove Janete Ismael Mabuie , Giordani Rubia Carla Formighieri , Jasper Vitor Henrique de Siqueira , Estavela Arune , Bezerra Islândia
Published: August 2021

Abstract: In Mozambique old and new evils of body and spirit intertwine, thus allowing particular contours to modern life. Traditional diseases are reconfigured along the lines of a new thinking, and what Western medicine calls malnutrition is defined as xilala by the local traditional thinking. This study aimed to understand the point of view of both caregivers (mothers and grandmothers) of children participating in a Nutritional Rehabilitation Program and ethnomedicine experts, who find themselves entangled in a complex set of relationships through which different forms to comprehend body, health, and disease circulate. The supplement, as an object, has a life of its own and takes on new meanings when it leaves the hospital. When its use happens at home, it acquires a particularity: it becomes food. Thus, it ceases to be something inert and impersonal, which is a feature of standard medicine of the health institution. The local view centered on ethnomedicine is based on the certainty that a situation affecting a child cannot have a healing outcome if not by traditional medicine. Biomedical rationality erected from the confluence of the biological and technical sciences with their scientific postulates does not constitute the authorized discourse in this context.
Diferenças salariais e o impacto da segmentação regional: um estudo para os trabalhadores na cultura de cana-de-açúcar no período de 2012 e 2019
Authors: Mantovani Gabriela Gomes , Shikida Pery Francisco Assis , Gomes Magno Rogério
Published: August 2021

Resumo: O artigo visa identificar as desigualdades salariais dos trabalhadores inseridos na cultura de cana-de-açúcar nas macrorregiões produtoras Centro-Sul e Norte-Nordeste e mensurar suas causas para os hiatos salariais regionais. Utilizaram-se microdados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNAD-C) para 2012 e 2019 e foram estimadas as regressões mincerianas e quantílicas com correção de viés de seleção amostral. Além disso, a decomposição contrafactual de salários de Oaxaca-Blinder também foi aplicada na média e nos quantis. Os resultados obtidos confirmaram a diferença de salários dos trabalhadores inseridos no cultivo de cana-de-açúcar entre as duas áreas selecionadas, caracterizando aqueles que trabalham no Centro-Sul como grupo em vantagem. O hiato salarial aumentou no período, sendo maior para os empregados com baixos rendimentos em 2012, enquanto, em 2019, a diferença foi superior para os trabalhadores com maiores remunerações. Constatou-se ainda que a segmentação regional é o grande motivador e responsável pela maior parte das desigualdades salariais em ambos os anos, secundarizando as características pessoais e produtivas do trabalhador.
VIVÊNCIAS COTIDIANAS NA GRADUAÇÃO E O IMPACTO NA SAÚDE MENTAL DE ESTUDANTES: SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Faria Elisangela Lopes de , Silveira Edilene Aparecida Araújo da , Viegas Selma Maria da Fonseca
Published: August 2021

Trata-se de scoping review com o objetivo de identificar o estado da arte sobre as vivências cotidianas na graduação e o impacto na saúde mental de estudantes. Realizou-se pesquisa em cinco bases de dados eletrônicas National Library of Medicine and National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science, Scopus, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Biblioteca Cochrane e o catálogo de teses e dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Foram incluídos estudos publicados na íntegra, disponíveis de maneira livre, em inglês, espanhol e português, e dissertações que versam sobre as vivências de estudantes universitários no cotidiano da graduação, considerando como contexto o impacto da graduação na saúde mental dos estudantes. Foram recuperados um total de 26.862 registros e mantidos 38 estudos para a revisão. A maioria das publicações (95%) tinha abordagem quantitativa dos dados, e 5%, qualitativa. Na sumarização dos achados, foram incluídos estudos de vários países de todos os continentes, considerando a prevalência de sofrimento psíquico nos estudantes de graduação, fatores causais, fatores de proteção, predominância de gênero, aconselhamento profissional, suicídio, dentre outras questões. Conclui-se que o sofrimento psíquico em estudantes universitários está associado a diversos fatores; há uma baixa procura dos estudantes por ajuda, pouca oferta de serviços de acolhimento nas universidades, e estudos destacam a importância de as instituições fortalecerem e incentivarem programas de prevenção de riscos e agravos e promoção da saúde mental de universitários.
PENSANDO, DE OUTRO MODO, UM TIPO DE ENSINO PROPOSTO PELA EDUCAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA CRÍTICA, DENTRO DA EDUCAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Oliveira Júlio César Gomes de , Silva Marcio Antonio
Published: August 2021

Este artigo tematiza questões curriculares na educação matemática. Propõe uma análise da Educação Matemática Crítica (EMC), por meio de uma abordagem discursiva, a partir das contribuições de Michel Foucault e interlocutores, bem como de pesquisadores do campo da educação matemática. O objetivo é analisar uma tecnologia de governo movimentada para a efetivação de possíveis posições de sujeitos (docentes e discentes) em um currículo-EMC. Utiliza, como corpus especializado de análise, artigos que foram publicados em revistas da educação matemática (Bolema, Zetetiké e Revista Paranaense de Educação Matemática) e trabalhos do Encontro Nacional de Educação Matemática (2010, 2013, 2016). A partir dessa materialidade e das análises, construiu-se o enunciado: “no ensino de matemática há proposição de realização de investigação (cenários para investigação), o aluno participa ativamente e o diálogo é uma prática que se faz indispensável”. Como resultado, o estudo argumenta que “realização de investigação” é uma técnica fundamental para a composição de um campo tecnológico de governo de um currículo-EMC. O foco dessa técnica está nos alunos, ao procurar conduzir suas condutas de um determinado modo e não de outro. Essa técnica aciona dois procedimentos: o “aluno participa ativamente” e o “diálogo é uma prática que se faz indispensável”. O artigo conclui, considerando o enunciado produzido, que a técnica “realização de investigação” compõe um modo de governar condutas sem governar por intermédio de um jogo estratégico entre as liberdades.
Ensino e aprendizagem em Psicologia Social no ensino remoto emergencial
Authors: Romanini Moises
Published: August 2021

A pandemia do novo coronavírus, diante da necessidade de distanciamento social, trouxe para as universidades o desafio do Ensino Remoto Emergencial. O objetivo deste artigo é o de refletir sobre as experiências construídas ao longo de um semestre na disciplina de Psicologia Social, na modalidade remota de ensino. Inspirado na pedagogia engajada de bell hooks, refletimos sobre três ensinamentos desta experiência: a pandemia não é democrática – a negação do direito à educação; entendendo o ERE e os limites da aula expositiva – conversação e compartilhamento de histórias; e aprendizagem colaborativa online, comunidade de aprendizagem e pensamento crítico.  Ressaltamos que a utilização das tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação possibilitou a construção de aprendizagens significativas, mas temos como desafios a apropriação dessas metodologias mais participativas no modelo presencial e o acompanhamento e inclusão de estudantes que, por razões diversas, não conseguiram se vincular ao semestre remoto. Provavelmente as dificuldades vividas por esses/as estudantes já existissem, mas as condições sociais, culturais e econômicas que sustentam as desigualdades sociais se tornaram mais visíveis com a pandemia, e isso deve nos sensibilizar quando do retorno presencial das aulas.
De um trabalhador de saúde mental para muitos outros: sacrifício e sacralização em tempos de covid
Authors: Santos Helen Barbosa dos , Paz Fernanda Marques , Molin Fabio Dal
Published: August 2021

O relato de experiência busca analisar, sobre a perspectiva de duas profissionais de saúde mental do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), a dimensão sacrificial do trabalhador de saúde no contexto de pandemia por COVID 19, nos meses de junho de 2020 há março de 2021. As reflexões iniciais emergem sobre o processo de trabalho em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS). A experiência nesse serviço de média complexidade revela as angústias produzidas diante do poder decisório da gestão municipal de saúde, especialmente, relativas à impossibilidade do trabalho remoto. Em um segundo momento, as reflexões sobre as problemáticas especificadas revelam o panorama nacional de um governo de extrema-direita que reitera a lógica sacrificial que emerge em meio à pandemia. Para tanto, são utilizados os conceitos de dispositivos de poder de Michel Foucault e Homo Sacer de Giorgio Agambem. É percebida, assim, a indissociabilidade entre a dimensão microssocial e macrossocial das problemáticas apresentadas, bem como colocado em questão o termo “linha de frente” a fim de interseccionar o sofrimento de profissionais de serviços hospitalares com a de outros profissionais de saúde da rede SUS, em dispositivos de média complexidade. Conclui-se que a dimensão sacrificial que produz subjetivamente o profissional de saúde do SUS sustenta um estado de exceção que em última instância, ao sacralizar os ‘verdadeiros heróis’ também os expõe, tanto ao risco desnecessário de contágio, como nas decisões de fazer viver e deixar morrer.
Data Commercialisation in the South African Health Care Context
Authors: Botes Marietjie , Slabbert Melodie Nöthling , Olckers Antonel
Published: August 2021

Realisation of the value and the commercialisation potential of data is gaining exponential momentum. The combination of historical data exploitations and the use of technologies that allow for the triangulation of data results in the collection, storage, and processing of massive amounts of data require diligent data management, including adherence to privacy and other laws, both nationally and internationally. The intrinsic value of scientific data, especially in genomics, becomes apparent when data are shared, often in collaboration with international partners, and compiled into big data sets that are subsequently used for benefit, including commercial benefit. The purpose of this article is to explore the commercialisation of data in South Africa against the backdrop of the legal framework governing the protection of personal information, confidentiality and privacy, with a specific focus on genetic and genomic information. Related issues, such as the collection and sharing of data, ownership of data and challenges about informed consent are also considered. After a brief evaluation of the African regulatory landscape relating to the protection of personal information, the article concludes with a few recommendations aimed at improving the status quo and sensitising the South African public as to the value of their data and personal information, as well as the potential uses and abuses to which their personal information may be subjected
Flow CyTOF Using Single Cells From Human Islets v1
Authors: H. Kaestner Lab Klaus , Shapira Suzanne
Published: August 2021

Cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF) is an application of mass cytometry using antibodies conjugated to rare heavy metal isotopes combined with mass spectrometry. This technique significantly reduces background signals and spectral overlap often seen with traditional fluorescence methods. This protocol describes a technique to analyze multiple cellular features of human islets in parallel using a defined and optimized antibody cocktail.
Whole Genome Bi-sulphite Sequencing (WGBS) v1
Authors: H. Kaestner Lab Klaus , Shapira Suzanne
Published: August 2021

The molecular mechanisms that underlie islet dysfunction in Type 1 (autoimmune) and Type 2 diabetes are not fully understood, and genetic risk factors are of limited clinical and predictive value. Epigenetic modifications to histones or DNA provide a potential readout of environmental influence from sources such as diet and the microbiome. DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification of cytosine residues that alters DNA accessibility and downstream gene expression patterns. Whole genome bisulphite sequencing (WGBS) is a technique that interrogates such genome-wide DNA methylation patterns. Treatment with sodium bisulfite converts unmethylated cytosine residues to uracil, which then appear as thymine bases after sequencing; thus, this technique allows for identification of methylated and unmethylated DNA with single base pair resolution. WGBS can be used to identify differentially methylated regions between samples from non-diabetic and diabetic pancreatic tissue.
SaCas9 protein purification v1
Authors: Gomaa Fatma
Published: August 2021

Developing transfection protocol for Bodo saltans, using SaCas9/sgRNA ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex in conjunction with DNA repair template to disrupt the Paraflagellar rod 2 gene (BsPFR2) and increase the efficiency of targeted homologous recombination when a repair template DNA is provided. The exogenous repair template is double stranded DNA and it consists of eGFP fused with the drug selection gene nptII/neo and flanked by 500 bp of the untranslated regions (UTRs) upstream and downstream of the targeted BsPFR2 as homologous repair arms.
A Method for Greenhouse Temperature Prediction Based on XGBoost Algorithm and Linear Residual Model
Authors: Et al. Huijin Han,
Published: August 2021

Temperature prediction is significant for precise control of the greenhouse environment. Traditional machine learning methods usually rely on a large amount of data. Therefore, it is difficult to make a stable and accurate prediction based on a small amount of data. This paper proposes a temperature prediction method for greenhouses. With the prediction target transformed to the logarithmic difference of temperature inside and outside the greenhouse,the method first uses XGBoost algorithm to make a preliminary prediction. Second, a linear model is used to predict the residuals of the predicted target. The predicted temperature is obtained combining the preliminary prediction and the residuals. Based on the 20-day greenhouse data, the results show that the target transformation applied in our method is better than the others presented in the paper. The MSE (Mean Squared Error) of our method is 0.0844, which is respectively 20.7%, 76.0%, 10.2%, and 95.3% of the MSE of LR (Logistic Regression), SGD (Stochastic Gradient Descent), SVM (Support Vector Machines), and XGBoost algorithm. The results indicate that our method significantly improves the accuracy of the prediction based on the small-scale data.
Preliminary Study on the Brand Construction of Tropical Agriculture against the Background of We-media—A Case Study of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
Authors: Huan Ouyang, Lifeng Lin Xiaojun Yuan,
Published: August 2021

With the rapid development of electronic industry, "We-media + brand agriculture" model of development also gradually developed, and the tropical agriculture in our country belongs to the "niche" agriculture, awareness is low, in the since the "We-media + brand agriculture" development in our country, is still at a disadvantage, both faces enormous opportunities for development, at the same time to meet the challenge. Taking the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences as an example, this paper discusses the problems, opportunities and challenges in the brand construction and development of tropical agriculture under the background of "We-media", and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the brand development of tropical agriculture.
Small Current Fault Line Selection Based on Improved Empirical Mode Decomposition and Fractal Dimension Method
Authors: Limei Yan,Yina Zhou Chao Liu,
Published: August 2021

In this paper, the fault steady state and transient characteristics of small current grounding system are analyzed, and the distribution of transient zero sequence current is introduced. A fault line selection based on EMD and fractal dimension method is proposed. After the parameter is determined, the problem is proposed and improved. Using the simulated annealing K-means algorithm to find the scale-free interval curve to get the line slope is the correlation dimension of the line. Finally, by comparing the size of the associated dimension, you can select the corresponding line of the faulty distribution network.
Experimental and Numerical Analysis of High-Speed Internally Cooled Milling
Authors: Et al. Ningxia Yin
Published: August 2021

Advanced cooling technology is a crucial measure of thermal dissipation for high-speed end-milling. In order to get an appropriate cooling technology and decrease the negative effects of traditional wet cutting, internally cooled cutting has been paid more and more attention. Because of interrupted cutting and uneven force, there was few application and investigation on internally cooled end-milling. In the paper, the effect of the end-milling tool with different internally cooled channel structure has been researched by experiment and theoretical analysis. The experimental results indicate that the end-milling tool with double helix channels carried out best machined surface quality. And the experiment result was also been analyzed and explained by computational fluid dynamics simulation, which provides a basis for the applying of the high-speed internally cooled end-milling tool.
The Research on Quality Change Effect of Digital Economy Enabled Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Et al. Niaoer Yao,
Published: August 2021

High-quality development of manufacturing industry is the key to leading the high-quality development of China's economy. The paper analyzes the mechanism and effect of the quality change of China's manufacturing industry enabled by digital economy. And then, it is considered that the basic pattern of China's manufacturing industry is that the manufacturing industry is large but not strong. As a result, quality change could focus on the intensive margin on the basis of strengthening and expanding the margin. However, the quality change of manufacturing industry enabled by digital economy is a complicated process. Therefore, the quality change of manufacturing industry would give full play to the decisive role of market mechanism while giving better play to the role of the government. The focus of policy could focus on incentives and synergy that are conducive to promoting the digital transformation of the manufacturing industry.
Eurocentrism within the Framework of International Legal Research: a Review and Critique of the Main Methodological Positions
Authors: Karakulyan Emil A.
Published: August 2021

The article examines various aspects of the Eurocentric nature of international legal research. The author concludes that the Eurocentric framework of international law inevitably leads to increased regional and global tensions, as neo-colonial discourse is the main projection of Eurocentrism. According to the author, the criteria of objectivity are incompatible with the methodology of extreme Eurocentrism. The optimal variant of a counter-revocentric strategy is only possible within the framework of the pluralism of constitutive international legal processes.
Problems in Legal Regulation of Liability for Crimes that Infringe Digital Finance
Authors: Pechegin Denis A.
Published: August 2021

The digitalization of the financial sector in developed legal systems, the use of block chain technology, the introduction of digital forms of participation in civil turnover, and the introduction of the possibility of settlements in digital currencies, are designed to increase the efficiency of the economy and, ultimately, improve the quality of life of citizens. However, technological progress and positive expectations from the introduction of digital technologies in the sphere of public relations cannot guarantee protection of the values enshrined in the Basic Laws of certain states. While acknowledging the fact that the level of crime in the sphere of economic activity is one of the indicators of national economic security, special attention should be paid to the evolution and forecasting of the means of criminal legal protection of the monetary system, which is currently undergoing a process of digital transformation. This is due to the fact that digital financial technologies carry certain risks for the monetary system, due to objective factors.
Firstly, many things depend on the functioning of the monetary circulation and the effectiveness of currency restrictions, for example, the macroeconomic indicators of the stability of the economic system, the exchange rate of the national currency, the achievement of the balance of payments necessary for stable development, and the country's position in the international arena.
Secondly, in the context of increasing structural imbalances in the world economy and the global financial systems, the growth of private and sovereign debt, the widening gap between the valuation of real assets and derivative securities, it is the sphere of currency regulation and currency control that becomes one of the stabilizing tools in the system of state measures to support the economy. Add to those the sharp decline in the role of traditional factors of economic growth associated with scientific and technological changes.
Transactions by dint of new technologies are recognized as high-risk around the world due to the instability of their existence. Taking into account the data, as well as other risks of the introduction of digital technologies, therefore, requires an analysis of the problems of legislative regulation of criminal liability for crimes in the field of digital finance.
The Victory Day in the Great Patriotic War: What the Biography of the Philosopher I.A. Ilyin Hides
Authors: Zakhartsev Sergey I.
Published: August 2021

The article contains fragments of Russian philosopher I. A. Ilyin's biography and separate articles from his other works. It shows that I. A. Ilyin collaborated with fascist Germany, worked against the USSR, and supported the regimes of Mussolini and Hitler. Nowadays, this information about Ilyin is not published in Russia for some unclear reasons.
Histopathological study of endoscopic biopsies of large intestine
Authors: Karandikar Manjiri N , Kulkarni Purva , Mulay Smita , Nimbergi R C , Mani N S
Published: August 2021

The large intestine is a site of a variety of diseases. The lesions tend to occur affecting different age groups ranging from early childhood to late adulthood. Patients may present with very vague clinical symptoms ranging from abdominal pain, loose stools, vomiting, diarrhoea, bleeding per rectum, and change in bowel habit. Patients presenting with repeated symptoms related to lower intestinal pathology are advised to undergo colonoscopic examination.

To study clinico-pathological correlation of endoscopic biopsies of large intestine and to study spectrum of large intestinal lesions.

The study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital from August 2018 to July 2020. All endoscopic biopsy samples were included in this study. All endoscopic biopsies were performed by high definition colonoscope. Clinical and endoscopic correlation with histopathological diagnosis was performed and results were generated.

Total 133 cases were included in this study, out of 133 patients 86 were males and 47 were females. Patients showed wide age range from 11 years to 80 years. There were 25 patients each in age group of 31-40 years and 61-70 years. The most common presenting complaint was loose stools in 66 cases. The most common endoscopic finding was erythema in 82 cases. Out of 133 cases, 105 cases were non neoplastic, 08 cases were benign neoplastic and 20 cases were malignant neoplastic on histopathology.

Colonoscopy is very high yielding and safe procedure to perform.Colonoscopic biopsies are proven to be of great importance. Clinical, endoscopic and histopathological correlation is always advisable in large intestinal pathology for early diagnosis and treatment.
Clinico–pathological spectrum of pancytopaenia
Authors: Nagaich Pradeep Kumar
Published: August 2021

Pancytopaenia involves reduction in all the three haematological cell lines leading to the clinical manifestations related to anaemia, leucopaenia and thrombocytopaenia. These features can manifest either alone or in different combinations. Treatment depends on the accurate diagnosis for which pathological investigations are mandatory.

The study was conducted with the aims and objectives of evaluating the different clinical and haematological parameters in cases presenting with pancytopaenia. Further, the cases were further divided based on their aetiology.

A total of 64 cases were included in the present study. Detailed clinical, peripheral blood and bone marrow findings were studied.

Majority of the patients belonged to the age group of 16-25 years. There was a slight female preponderance in our study in the ratio of 1:1.06 for M:F. The commonest clinical presentation was generalised weakness in 55 (85.9%) cases, followed by dyspnoea in 35 (54.7%) and fever in 30 (46.9%) patients. Pallor was the commonest examination finding observed in 60 (93.8%) cases followed by pedal edema in 19 (29.7%) patients. Among RBC morphology, normocytic normochromic picture was the commonest 18(28.1%), while bone marrow finding of erythroid hyperplasia with megaloblastic maturation was observed in 20 (31.2%) patients. Overall, megaloblastic anaemia was observed in 24 (37.5%) patients.

Pancytopaenia is an important haematological manifestation in routine clinical practice. Timely, early and accurate diagnosis can save many morbidity and mortalities.
Not always a distant metastasis: Can be a double maliganancy too
Authors: Prachi  , Aiyer Hema Malini
Published: August 2021

The incidence of double malignancy reported are between 0.3% and 4.3%. The second primary lesion is identified either simultaneously with the primary lesion (synchronous) or after a period of time (metachronous). We report a case in a 63-year-old male presenting with double malignancy with adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon and a pre- sacral Chordoma of which the latter was detected accidentally on imaging. The patient underwent surgical excision of the pre-sacral mass and an exploratory laparotomy with Right Hemicolectomy.

The increasing incidence of multiple malignant tumors is a real challenge to both clinicians and pathologists and close attention should be paid to imaging and histologic findings to avoid a misdiagnosis. In addition an early diagnosis is essential to achieve optimal treatment. We believe that the treatment modalities should be carefully tailored for each individual patient diagnosed with a double malignancy.
El BID: Vol. 24, no. 9-10, septiembre-octubre 1997
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: August 2021

EL BID informa sobre el desarrollo económico y social de América Latina y el Caribe y sobre las actividades del Banco. Se publica 10 veces al año en inglés, español, portugués y francés.
Freedom of Navigation Operations as a Tool of the U.S.’ South China Sea Policy
Authors: Mishin Igor
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes U.S. policy on the conflict in the South China Sea. It focuses on particularities of Freedom of Navigation Operations (FONOPs) conducted by the U.S. Navy in the contested waters. Political and legal basis of FONOPs, specifics of their undertaking in the South China Sea in recent years, including the first steps of the new presidential administration of Joe Biden, are analyzed in detail. It has been proven that in addition to directly challenging illegal Chinese claims, these operations in a way became a tool for containing China in the SCS and projecting American military power in the region.