bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Luminex xTAG Respiratory Viral Panel FAST v2 assay for detection of multiple respiratory viral pathogens in nasal and throat swabs in Vietnam
Authors: Thi Ty Hang Vu , Thi Han Ny Nguyen , My Phuc Tran , Thi Thanh Tam Pham , Thao Huong Dang , Dang Trung Nghia Ho , Tran Anh Vu Nguyen , Thi Hong Phuong Pham , Van Xang Nguyen , Dong Nguyen , Nhu Hiep Pham , Van Hung Nguyen , Tinh Hien Tran , Rabaa Maia , Thwaites Guy E. , Baker Stephen , Van Tan Le , van Doorn H.Rogier ,   VIZIONS consortium
Published: April 2018

Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are among the leading causes of hospitalization in children ≤5 years old. Rapid diagnostics of viral pathogens is essential to avoid unnecessary antibiotic treatment, thereby slowing down antibiotic-resistance. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of the Luminex xTAG Respiratory Viral Panel FAST v2 against viral specific PCR as reference assays for ARI in Vietnam.

Methods: Four hundred and forty two nose and throat swabs were collected in viral transport medium, and were tested with Luminex xTAG Respiratory Viral Panel FAST v2. Multiplex RT-PCR and single RT-PCR were used as references.   

Results: Overall, sensitivity of the Luminex against reference assays was 91.8%, 95% CI 88.1-94.7 (270/294), whilst 112/6336 (1.8%, 95% CI, 1.4-2.1) of pathogens were detected by the Luminex, but not by reference assays. Frequency of pathogens detected by Luminex and reference assays was 379 and 292, respectively. The diagnostic yield was 66.7% (295/442, 95%CI 62.1-71.1%) for the Luminex assay and 54.1% (239/442, 95% CI, 49.3-58.8%) for reference assays. The Luminex kit had higher yields for all viruses except influenza B virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and human bocavirus. High agreements between both methods [mean (range): 0.91 (0.83-1.00)] were found for 10/15 viral agents.

Conclusions: The Luminex assay is a high throughput multiplex platform for rapid detection of common viral pathogens causing ARI. Although the current high cost may prevent Luminex assays from being widely used, especially in limited resource settings where ARI are felt most, its introduction in clinical diagnostics may help reduce unnecessary use of antibiotic prescription.
Human CCL3L1 copy number variation, gene expression, and the role of the CCL3L1-CCR5 axis in lung function
Authors: Adewoye Adeolu B. , Shrine Nick , Odenthal-Hesse Linda , Welsh Samantha , Malarstig Anders , Jelinsky Scott , Kilty Iain , Tobin Martin D. , Hollox Edward J. , Wain Louise V.
Published: April 2018

Background: The CCL3L1-CCR5 signaling axis is important in a number of inflammatory responses, including macrophage function, and T-cell-dependent immune responses. Small molecule CCR5 antagonists exist, including the approved antiretroviral drug maraviroc, and therapeutic monoclonal antibodies are in development. Repositioning of drugs and targets into new disease areas can accelerate the availability of new therapies and substantially reduce costs. As it has been shown that drug targets with genetic evidence supporting their involvement in the disease are more likely to be successful in clinical development, using genetic association studies to identify new target repurposing opportunities could be fruitful. Here we investigate the potential of perturbation of the CCL3L1-CCR5 axis as treatment for respiratory disease. Europeans typically carry between 0 and 5 copies of CCL3L1 and this multi-allelic variation is not detected by widely used genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism studies. 

Methods: We directly measured the complex structural variation of CCL3L1 using the Paralogue Ratio Test and imputed (with validation) CCR5d32 genotypes in 5,000 individuals from UK Biobank, selected from the extremes of the lung function distribution, and analysed DNA and RNAseq data for CCL3L1 from the 1000 Genomes Project.

Results: We confirmed the gene dosage effect of CCL3L1 copy number on CCL3L1 mRNA expression levels.  We found no evidence for association of CCL3L1 copy number or CCR5d32 genotype with lung function.

Conclusions: These results suggest that repositioning CCR5 antagonists is unlikely to be successful for the treatment of airflow obstruction.
A Matter of Urgency: Reducing Clinical Text Message Interruptions During Educational Sessions
Authors: Mendel Arielle , Lott Anthony , Lo Lisha , Wu Robert
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

Text messaging is increasingly replacing paging as a tool to reach physicians on medical wards. However, this phenomenon has resulted in high volumes of nonurgent messages that can disrupt the learning climate.

OBJECTIVE

Our objective was to reduce nonurgent educational interruptions to residents on general internal medicine.

DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS

This was a quality improvement project conducted at an academic hospital network. Measurements and interventions took place on eight general internal medicine inpatient teaching teams.

INTERVENTION

Interventions included (1) refining the clinical communication process in collaboration with nursing leadership; (2) disseminating guidelines with posters at nursing stations; (3) introducing a noninterrupting option for message senders; (4) audit and feedback of messages; (5) adding an alert for message senders advising if a message would interrupt educational sessions; and (6) training and support to nurses and residents.

MEASUREMENTS

Interruptions (text messages, phone calls, emails) received by institution‐supplied team smartphones were tracked during educational hours using statistical process control charts. A one‐month record of text message content was analyzed for urgency at baseline and following the interventions.

RESULTS

The interruption frequency decreased from a mean of 0.92 (95% CI, 0.88 to 0.97) to 0.59 (95% CI, 0.51 to0.67) messages per team per educational hour from January 2014 to December 2016. The proportion of nonurgent educational interruptions decreased from 223/273 (82%) messages over one month to 123/182 (68%; P < .01).

CONCLUSIONS

Creation of communication guidelines and modification of text message interface with feedback from end‐users were associated with a reduction in nonurgent educational interruptions. Continuous audit and feedback may be necessary to minimize nonurgent messages that disrupt educational sessions.
Focused Ethnography of Diagnosis in Academic Medical Centers
Authors: Chopra Vineet , Harrod Molly , Winter Suzanne , Forman Jane , Quinn Martha , Krein Sarah , Fowler Karen E. , Singh Hardeep , Saint Sanjay
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

Approaches of trainees to diagnosis in teaching hospitals are poorly understood. Identifying cognitive and system‐based barriers and facilitators to diagnosis may improve diagnosis in these settings.

METHODS

We conducted a focused ethnography of trainees at 2 academic medical centers to understand the barriers and facilitators to diagnosis. Field notes regarding the diagnostic process (eg, information gathering, integration and interpretation, working diagnosis) and the work system (eg, team members, organization, technology and tools, physical environment, tasks) were recorded. Following observations, focus groups and interviews were conducted to understand the viewpoints, problems, and solutions to improve diagnosis.

RESULTS

Between January 2016 and May 2016, four teaching teams (4 attendings, 4 senior residents, 9 interns, and 12 medical students) were observed for 168 hours. Observations of diagnosis during care led to identification of the following four key themes: (1) diagnosis is a social phenomenon, (2) data necessary to make diagnoses are fragmented, (3) distractions interfere with the diagnostic process, and (4) time pressures impede diagnostic decision‐making. These themes suggest that specific interventions tailored to the academic setting such as team‐based discussions of diagnostic workups, scheduling diagnostic time‐outs during the day, and strategies to “protect” learners from interruptions might prove to be useful in improving the process of diagnosis. Future studies that implement these ideas (either alone or within a multimodal intervention) appear to be necessary.

CONCLUSION

Diagnosis in teaching hospitals is a unique process that requires improvement. Contextual insights gained from this ethnography may be used to inform future interventions.
Funciones ejecutivas en niños con trastorno del lenguaje: algunos antecedentes desde la neuropsicología
Authors: Lepe Martínez Nancy Fabiola , Pérez-Salas Claudia P. , Rojas Barahona Cristian , Ramos Galarza Carlos
Published: April 2018

El trastorno del lenguaje es un problema de la comunicación con alta incidencia y prevalencia en la población escolar, el cual afecta negativamente el desempeño académico, y el desarrollo social y afectivo de los niños que lo padecen. Existe evidencia de que en este trastorno se encuentran afectadas funciones ejecutivas (fe), además de los componentes del lenguaje (fonológico, morfosintáctico, semántico y pragmático), los cuales se han estudiado tradicionalmente. Este artículo tiene por objetivo caracterizar las principales fe que se encuentran afectadas en el trastorno del lenguaje. Para ello, se trabajó con un método de revisión narrativa. Se realizó una revisión del desarrollo del lenguaje desde la primera infancia, del trastorno del lenguaje y de fe. Los estudios reportan que la principal fe afectada en el trastorno del lenguaje es la memoria de trabajo, y se presentan algunos déficits en atención, flexibilidad cognitiva y control inhibitorio. Finalmente, se discute el rol de las fe en el trastorno del lenguaje y las implicancias que esto tiene tanto para la evaluación como para la generación de apoyos pedagógicos pertinentes.
Sex Matters: Gender Bias in the Mutual Fund Industry
Authors: Niessen-Ruenzi Alexandra , Ruenzi Stefan
Published: April 2018

We document significantly lower inflows in female-managed funds than in male-managed funds. This result is obtained with field data and with data from a laboratory experiment. We find no gender differences in performance. Thus, rational statistical discrimination is unlikely to explain the fund flow effect. We conduct an implicit association test and find that subjects with stronger gender bias according to this test invest significantly less in female-managed funds. Our results suggest that gender bias affects investment decisions and thus offer a new potential explanation for the low fraction of women in the mutual fund industry.

The internet appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2939 .

This paper was accepted by Lauren Cohen, finance.
Contracting with Opportunistic Partners: Theory and Application to Technology Development and Innovation
Authors: Casas-Arce Pablo , Kittsteiner Thomas , Martínez-Jerez F. Asís
Published: April 2018

After a contract is signed, contracting partners may engage in opportunistic behavior aimed at circumventing the original intention of the agreement governing their business relationship, complying with the letter but not the spirit of the contract. We use an incomplete contracts approach to show that the anticipation and observability of such behavior are typically not enough to prevent it when parties can renegotiate contractual outcomes. This is because contractually specified incentives inevitably have conflicting effects: they simultaneously increase the likelihood of welfare-improving investments and welfare-reducing opportunistic behavior. The possibility of such opportunism thus limits the effectiveness of contractual incentives. We also discuss how our results relate to contracting practices observed in industries characterized by rapid innovation, such as information technology.

This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting.
Morphological Changes of Capsicum annuum L. Induced by Ethyl Methane sulfonate (EMS) at M2 Generation
Authors: Pharmawati Made , Defiani Made Ria , Wrasiati Luh Putu , Wijaya I Made Anom Sutrisna
Published: April 2018

The objective of this study was to identify morphological variation in M2 plants of Capsicum annuum derived from seed treated with ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). The M1 generation was developed by treated seed with 0.5%, 0.75% and 1% EMS in phosphate buffer pH 7.0 for 6 hours. Seedlings of M1 were planted in the field and seeds resulted from M1 plants were harvested and planted for morphological analysis. Plants were planted in polybag in progeny row system. Results showed that there was a decrease in both seedling emergence and plant survival due to EMS treatments. Several morphological variations were observed in plant height, leaf size, pattern of the branch, number of main stems and petal number of the flower. In the M2 generation, treatment of 1% EMS generated tall plant, small plant with pale green leaf colour, dwarf plant mutant and plant with two stems. The 0.75% EMS resulted in the short mutant with many branches while 0.5% EMS produced plant with pale green leaf colour. These results indicated that EMS mutagenesis in C. annuum generated interesting morphological characters that differ to control plants which can be used in C. annuum improvement program.
Validation of Inoculation test and Screening for Resistance Sources of Mustard-Rapeseed Cultivars in Bangladesh Against Alternaria brassicicola
Authors: Ali Hossain Muhammed , Habib Ahsan , Shafiqul Islam Mohammad , Tuz - Zohura Fatema , Khokon Md. Atiqur Rahman
Published: April 2018

Alternaria leaf spot or black leaf spot caused by Alternaria brassicicola is the devastating diseases of mustard-rapeseed in Bangladesh, and can cause yield loss up to 60% every year. A total of 27 cultivars of Brassica spp. where Brassica rapa (13), B. juncea (5) and B. napus (9) were selected for resistance screening against A. brassicicola. Two inoculation methods viz. detached leaf and seedling inoculation were assessed for checking the validation of inoculation technique using cultivated mustard-rapeseed varieties in Bangladesh a method to measure resistance to A. brassicicola. A significant positive correlation between the results of two inoculation methods was found in this study. The detached leaf technique was more suitable due to development of clear symptoms on the leaves within 36 hrs, and suitable for screening large scale genotypes for resistance. The 3rd leaves of 30 day-old were more suitable for inoculation having severe symptoms than the 4th leaves. Among 27 Bangladeshi mustard-rapeseed cultivars all cultivars expressed susceptible reaction to A. brassicicola, except BINA Sharisha-8, as it had border line resistance.
Principal Component Analysis with Quantitative Traits in Extant Cotton Varieties (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) and Parental Lines for Diversity
Authors: Rathinavel K.
Published: April 2018

The experimental material consisted of 101 extant varieties and parental lines characterized for morphological traits under Distinctiveness Uniformity and Stability (DUS) testing at CICR, Regional Station, Coimbatore, India. Twenty one quantitative traits were taken for observation. The data were utilised to estimate substantial variation and relationship within the extant varieties and to identify the best performing genotypes. Analysis of variance for quantitative traits, in diverse line, showed sizable amount of variability. The highest variation was found for vigour index, plant height, germination per cent, fibre maturity, yield per plant, plant stand, fibre uniformity and ginning per cent when mean performance genotypes were considered. Seed cotton yield showed significantly positive correlation with boll number plant-1 (0.95), boll weight-1 (0.53), lint weight (0.50), fibre length (0.27), plant growth habit (0.26), plant height (0.23) and seed index (0.21). Principal component analysis showed the extend of variation by components 1 to 8 that exhibited Eigen value >1. Cluster analysis based on various morphological traits assorted 101 extant varieties of cotton into three main clusters. Dendrogram arrived based on hierarchal clustering, grouped genotypes based on their morphological traits rather than the geography of origin.
Effect of Different Rooting Media on Root Proliferation of Taxus baccata L. Stem Cuttings
Authors: Das Saumitro , Jha L. K.
Published: April 2018

Taxus baccata L., an endangered medicinal tree is highly valued for anti-cancer drug ‘Paclitaxel’ which is extracted from its leaves and barks. Reckless exploitation and habitat destruction have greatly reduced its natural population. Its regeneration through seed is also poor, so focus has been paid on vegetative propagation by stem cuttings to augment its natural regeneration. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of different rooting media on rooting behavior of Taxus baccata cuttings under poly house conditions. Effect of ten rooting media was studied on rooting of juvenile and mature stem cuttings of Taxus baccata. Six substrates i.e. field soil, forest soil, river sand, FYM, peat and vermi-compost were used for preparation of rooting media. The experiments were laid out in a randomized completely block design. The different rooting parameters were evaluated after six months of planting. The results revealed that the highest value of per cent survived, per cent callused, per cent rooted, mean number of root and mean root length was obtained in both juvenile and mature cuttings planted in Forest soil+ Peat+ FYM (1:1:1) compared to the other rooting media. Not a single cutting survived which was planted in river sand. Mature cuttings planted in Forest soil + River sand + VC (1:1:1) also failed to survive. The media containing peat as substrate significantly improved the rooting of cuttings but due to optimum physico-chemical properties, Forest soil+ Peat+ FYM (1:1:1) proved ideal rooting media for stem propagation of Taxus baccata.
Impact of Bio-Fertilizers on the Yield and Economics of Chrysanthemum Under Real Farming Situation
Authors: Mishra D. K. , Jain Rakesh , Shukla A.K. , Deshwal Alok
Published: April 2018

Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev.) has earned tremendous popularity as a floral crop in Madhya Pradesh, particularly at Indore, Madhya Pradesh , India where it is being commercially cultivated as loose flowers in open field condition during June to January. However, lower production and poor quality of flowers were observed due to haphazard and unbalanced use of inorganic fertilizers and non use of biofertilizers. With the objectives to tackle the issue of low productivity and quality of flowers, dissemination of recommended technology was successfully attempted during 2015-16 and 2016-17. The technologies of balanced use of inorganic fertilizer with bioferetilizer (Azotobactor and PSB) were used as technical intervention. The collective effect of scientific intervention revealed an average yield of 113 quintal / ha, which is 14.76 % higher over farmer’s practice. Average net returns from recommended technology were observed to be of Rs. 1, 88,100 as compared to Rs. 1, 54,350 under farmer’s practice (control). Thus, an additional income of Rs 33,750 was realized through imparted technological intervention provided in demonstration plots. Cost-benefit ratio of recommended practice (2.25) was observed to be significantly higher over farmer’s practice (2.17). Enhanced economic benefit and favorable C: B proved the economic feasibility of the technological intervention and was convincing for the farmers, for further future adoption. At present scenario, organic fertilizers including bio fertilizers are becoming indispensable input to minimise our compulsion on synthetic fertilizers.
Perspectives on the delegation of hygienic care in the context of home nursing: a qualitative study
Authors: Dumitrescu Irina , Vliegher Kristel De , Cordyn Sam , Maigre Audrey , Peters Edgard , Putzeys Dominique
Published: April 2018

Background:

In light of current trends and healthcare evolutions, delegation of patient care from home nurses to health care assistants (HCAs) is increasingly important. Hygienic care is an essential component of nursing education and practice, yet it has rarely been the subject of scientific literature.

Aim:

To understand the opinions and experiences of home nurses and policy makers with regard to the meaning of hygienic care and the delegation of these acts in the context of home nursing.

Methods:

A descriptive qualitative study (six focus groups with home nurses and two with policy makers from the Belgian home nursing sector). Content analysis of the data and the use of NVivo 11.0 software.

Findings:

Hygienic care is a cyclical care process of continuously investing in a trusting relationship with a patient, assessing their care needs and ability for self-care and taking action and evaluating care as situations change. All of this must be mutally agreed with the patient and should consider their environment and lifestyle. The decision to delegate hygienic care is based on patient assessments and the patient's specific care needs using nursing diagnoses and indicators. Finally, barriers and facilitating factors for both delegating and providing hygienic care were addressed.

Conclusion:

Hygienic care is a crucial component of nursing care, that can be delegated to HCAs with the necessary supervision.
Dietary management of older people with diabetes
Authors: McClinchy Jane
Published: April 2018

Diabetes UK's revised nutrition guidelines for the prevention and management of diabetes, published recently, encourage education in self-management and include additional guidance for older people with diabetes. The incidence of diabetes in older people is increasing. Many older people with diabetes are healthy and mobile, and live in the community, but a number are frail and living in care homes. Those who are frail are at increased risk of malnutrition from a range of causes. Older people with diabetes should be assessed for malnutrition risk and referred to a dietitian if required. Management of these patients focuses on foods that are high in protein and energy foods. A case study gives an example of how a community nurse may be involved.
Four in 10 year 7 pupils held back by limited vocabulary
Authors: Henshaw Pete
Published: April 2018

The so-called ‘word gap’ is becoming an ‘increasingly disruptive trend’ in secondary schools and is hindering student progress
Back to Basics
Authors: Cocker-Goring Katherine
Published: April 2018

Engage, practice, challenge – Katherine Cocker-Goring introduces a back to basics approach to teaching and learning from her UTC
Improving the Wear Properties of Aluminum 6082 Alloy by Surface Compositing with Zro2 Ceramic Particles Via Friction Stir Processing
Authors: Yuvaraj N.
Published: April 2018

Aluminum based metal matrix composites are given more attention in fabrication of surface engineering applications due to their excellent mechanical and wear properties. In this study, Friction stir processing (FSP) method was used to fabricate the surface composite with inserting different volume % of ZrO2 reinforcement particles in the Aluminum 6082 alloy. The hardness and triblogical characteristics of fabricated surface composites and base alloy were investigated. The higher volume content of reinforcement surface revealed higher hardness and higher wear resistance compared to the lower volume content reinforcement surface and base material. The wear worn-out of composite surfaces and base alloy were examined through SEM for understanding the wear mechanisms.
Influence of Potential Scan Rate on Corrosion Behaviour of Heat Treated AA 7075 Alloy in Sulphuric Acid Solution
Authors: Kumar Neeraj , Manoj Manoranjan Kumar , Phani M. Kalyan
Published: April 2018

In this paper, the effect of scan rate on the corrosion parameters and electrochemical behaviour of Retrogression and Re-aging (RRA) heat treatment of 7075 aluminium alloy has been investigated by Potentiodynamic polarization (PD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. The Potentiodynamic polarization (PD) curves were obtained at various scan rates for aged aluminium alloys in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution. The results show that at high scan rates shows unpredicted fluctuation of charging current, whereas at lower scan rates fewer disturbances are observed. The aged samples were chemically and mechanically characterized. It was observed that the RRA at 0.7 h shown improved corrosion property as well as mechanical properties compared to T6 temper. The corrosion properties were confirmed by EIS and polarization experiments.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation on Compression Creep Behavior of Wood
Authors: Hu Wen Gang , Guan Huiyuan
Published: April 2018

This article provides an efficient and intuitive way to predict the long-term (12-h) compression creep behavior of wood by a finite element method (FEM). In this study, oriental beech (Fagus orientalis L.) was used as an example. First, a short-term (3-h) compression creep experiment was conducted to obtain the original creep data of beech, and then a Kelvin model (KM) with two elements in series was applied to fit the curve of creep strain and time to calculate parameters used in FEM. Second, long-term compression creep behavior was numerically analyzed by the FEM based on the short-term creep data. Finally, the results of the FEM and the KM were compared with that of the long-term creep experiment. The results showed that the creep deformations increased in the order of longitudinal (L), radial (R), and tangential (T) directions under the same loading level, and the creep behavior of beech in the L direction stopped after a short time and stayed constant. Additionally, in the same orientation, the creep deformation increased with the growth of loading levels below the ultimate creep strength. In addition, the KM did not work well for predicting the long-term creep behavior of beech. By contrast, the results of FEM were highly consistent with those of the experiment, and errors in L, R, and T directions were all less than the standard deviation. As a result, the numerical method provided acceptable accuracy to predict the long-term creep behavior of wood construction and wood products.
The October Revolution: Promoting the Development of World Economy and Improving People's Livelihood: A Review of the Twelfth Forum of the World Association for Political Economy
Authors: Xiaoqin Ding  , Xia Lu  , Translated by Shan Tong
Published: April 2018

The October Revolution, as the first successful proletarian revolution, broke up the capitalist world system, established the first socialist state and opened up a new era in human history. It represents the beginning of the transition of human society from capitalism to socialism, and is therefore worthy of special commemoration. While Marx and Engels turned socialism from the utopian one into the scientific one, it was the October Revolution that turned socialism from theory into practice. Marxists need to firmly continue the march along the socialist road that it opened up, with perseverance in the difficult and tortuous path, and with continuous exploration in revolution and reform. We must experiment with various ways to transform the capitalist system, innovate and improve the socialist system, develop and achieve a prosperous socialist economy, and fight for the establishment of the communist community and stateless world for mankind.
Proposta de metodologia simplificada para o dimensionamento de pavimentos com revestimento primário
Authors: Nervis Leandro Olivio
Published: April 2018

Neste trabalho, é apresentada uma proposta de metodologia simplificada para o di­mensionamento de pavimentos com revestimento primário, concebida a partir de con­ceitos da Teoria da Elasticidade, Mecânica dos Solos e Mecânica dos Pavimentos. A metodologia abrange a definição da(s) espessura(s) da(s) camada(s) de revestimento primário, quando necessárias, para resistir às cargas verticais de modo a não ocorrer a ruptura ao cisalhamento de uma ou mais camadas do pavimento e minimizar as defor­mações permanentes acumuladas. Além disso, é tratada a capacidade da camada de rolamento resistir aos esforços horizontais. A proposta tem como características ser de natureza analítica, mas demandar como parâmetros experimentais, somente a coesão e o ângulo de atrito das camadas. Tais parâmetros podem ser obtidos a partir de en­saios triaxiais ou de cisalhamento direto, ou numa forma mais simplificada, somente com a resistência à compressão simples obtida a partir de ensaios de compressão sim­ples e a resistência à tração obtida a partir do ensaio de compressão diametral
Efektivitas Diklat Di Tempat Kerja (DDTK) Analisis Jabatan di Kantor Kementerian Agama Kota Magelang
Authors: Suyadi Suyadi
Published: April 2018

Training in the workplace (DDTK) on job Analysis is a policy that must be undertaken by government apparatus; either they are positioned in central or regional level. DDTK on Job Analysis is increasingly required especially after the performance benefits were being paid to the employees within the Ministry of Religious Affairs. The benefit necessitates employees to describe their work targets which will be used as the determinant for their position/level.  DDTK on Job Analysis in the Ministry of Religious Affairs at Magelang Regency has given positive values for the employees towards the understanding of the Job Analysis considering that, before the training, there were lots of employees who did not comprehend the concept. This was evidenced by the result of the pre-test conducted in advance to the training. Organizing DDTK on Job Analysis has provided real contribution among the employees of the Ministry of Religious Affairs at Magelang Regency in terms of their understanding on Job Analysis as well as their improved competence in arranging the Job Analysis.
Khalfīyat wa taḥaddīyāt al-aqalīyah al-muslimah al-Ṣīnīyah fi Pontianak
Authors: Hermansyah Hermansyah
Published: April 2018

Chinese Indonesians are not homogeneous community. Study of the Chinese is also important to understand not only their presence in Indonesia but also  religious life. This article seeks to shed light on Indonesia’s Chinese Muslims in Pontianak City. It explains the reasons that led the Chinese Indonesians to convert to Islam and the challenges they face. Several important reasons behind their conversion, among others, are intellectuality, morality, social relations, and mysticism. In contrast with conversion to other religions, a Chinese Indonesians  conversion to Islam is such problematic. This is mainly due to the negative stereotype against Muslims. It has also been worsened by the behavior of religious fanaticism of some Muslims under the banner of fundamentalism. Thus, those who are converting to Islam, to some extent, have experienced various challenges such as rejection from family members as well as their original community, and some of them also receive death threats. Besides, they even had to forsake their Chinese identity.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v25i1.6034
The Tobacco Industry and Children’s Rights
Authors: van der Eijk Yvette , Bialous Stella A. , Glantz Stanton
Published: April 2018

The manufacture, use, and marketing of tobacco present a serious threat to children’s right to health. This makes the Convention on the Rights of the Child a potentially powerful tobacco-control tool and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), which oversees the convention’s implementation, a potential leader in tobacco control. UNICEF actively supported tobacco control initiatives in the late 1990s, but since the early 2000s UNICEF’s role in tobacco control has been minimal. Using the Truth Tobacco Industry Documents library, an online collection of previously secret tobacco industry documents, we sought to uncover information on the tobacco industry’s ties with UNICEF. We found that from 1997 to 2000, when UNICEF was actively promoting tobacco control to support children’s rights, the tobacco industry saw children’s rights and UNICEF as potentially powerful threats to business that needed to be closely monitored and neutralized. The industry then positioned itself as a partner with UNICEF on youth smoking prevention initiatives as a way to avoid meaningful tobacco control measures that could save children’s lives. After UNICEF’s corporate engagement guidelines were loosened in 2003, tobacco companies successfully engaged with UNICEF directly and via front groups, including the Eliminating Child Labour in Tobacco Growing Foundation. This was part of an overall tobacco industry strategy to improve its corporate image, infiltrate the United Nations, and weaken global tobacco-control efforts. As part of its mission to protect children’s rights, UNICEF should end all partnerships with the tobacco industry and its front groups.
Preschool Teachers’ Opinions on the Use of Augmented Reality Application in Preschool Science Education / Mišljenja nastavnika predškolskog odgoja o upotrebi aplikacije proširene stvarnosti u predškolskom obrazovanju u području prirodnih znanosti
Authors: Ozdamli Fezile , Karagozlu Damla
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe media elements used in education continuously develop as a result of technological development, and virtual and augmented reality (AR) applications have consequently become much more significant. Augmented reality is a technology that combines virtual objects with the real world and provides simultaneous interaction between virtual objects and reality. This kind of technology lies between virtual reality (VR) and reality, where users are placed entirely in computer-generated virtual environments. This study aims to determine the opinions of preschool teachers on the use of augmented reality technologies in preschool science education. The data were obtained through interviews, which is a qualitative data collection method. This research is characterised by the fact that it is the first study to use the augmented reality technology for science education in the preschool period. According to the data obtained from the study, AR technology has positively influenced the learning and teaching processes in preschool education. Moreover, it has been concluded that this technology supports pupils in the use of technology and it also draws their attention to the lesson, while helping preschool teachers teach about different characteristics of objects.Key words: Augmented Reality; preschool; science education.---SažetakMedijski elementi koji se koriste u nastavi neprestano se razvijaju kao posljedica tehnološkog razvoja, a aplikacije za virtualnu stvarnost i proširenu stvarnost zbog toga su također postale sve važnije. Proširena je stvarnost tehnologija koja kombinira virtualne predmete sa stvarnim svijetom i omogućava istodobnu interakciju između virtualnih predmeta i stvarnosti. Ta tehnologija smještena je negdje između virtualne stvarnosti i prave stvarnosti, a korisnici se nalaze u potpuno virtualnom okruženju koje stvara računalo. Ovo istraživanje ima za cilj ispitati mišljenja predškolskih nastavnika o upotrebi tehnologije proširene stvarnosti u predškolskom obrazovanju u području prirodnih znanosti. Podaci su dobiveni putem intervjua, što pripada kvalitativnoj metodi prikupljanja podataka. Ovo istraživanje također karakterizira i činjenica da je ono prvo istraživanje koje se bavi tehnologijom proširene stvarnosti u predškolskom obrazovanju u području prirodnih znanosti. Prema podacima dobivenim u istraživanju, tehnologija proširene stvarnosti pozitivno je utjecala na procese učenja i poučavanja u predškolskom obrazovanju. Štoviše, došlo se do zaključka da ta tehnologija pruža učenicima podršku pri korištenju tehnologije te da privlači njihovu pažnju na nastavnom satu, a predškolskim nastavnicima pomaže pri poučavanju o različitim svojstvima predmeta i pojava. Ključne riječi: proširena stvarnost; predškolsko obrazovanje; obrazovanje u području prirodnih znanosti
Developing the Reading Technique and Reading Comprehension Skills through Using the Word Drill Technique and the 3P Method/Razvijanje vještina čitanja i razumijevanja s pomoću tehnike mehaničkog ponavljanja riječi i metode 3P
Authors: Erdoğan Özge , Şenocak Kasranoğlu Fatma
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis research aimed to develop the reading technique and reading comprehension skills of a student with reading difficulties through using the Word Drill Technique and the 3P Method. An action research approach was used here. The research was conducted with a female second-grade student. Reading exercises were used with her for 30 hours, based on the Word Drill Technique and the 3P Method. Due to them, it was observed that she advanced from the anxiety level to the instructional level. Her word recognition increased from 86% to 94%, while her comprehension percentage increased from 46% to 76%. In addition, the number of mistakes she made during reading diminished and she gave up finger-tracking while reading. The findings reveal that the Word Drill Technique and the 3P Method are effective in eliminating the problems of a student who does not have a mental or physical problem but has reading and comprehension problems. Key words: comprehension; reading; reading difficulties; Word Drill Technique; 3P Method.---SažetakCilj je ovog istraživanja bio razviti vještine čitanja i razumijevanja kod učenice s poteškoćama u čitanju, koristeći se tehnikom mehaničkog ponavljanja riječi i metodom 3P. Provedeno je po modelu akcijskog istraživanja. U njemu je sudjelovala jedna učenica drugog razreda (D. D.). Vježbe čitanja provodile su se u trajanju od 30 sati uz pomoć tehnike mehaničkog ponavljanja riječi i metode 3P. Primijećeno je da je učenica s anksioznog prešla na čitanje uz nečiju pomoć. Njezina razina prepoznavanja riječi bila je 94 % umjesto prijašnjih 86 %, a razumijevanja 76 % umjesto 46 %. Osim toga, činila je manje pogrešaka, a odustala je i od upotrebe prsta tijekom čitanja. To pokazuje da su tehnika mehaničkog ponavljanja riječi i metoda 3P učinkovite pri otklanjanju problema kod učenice bez mentalnih ili fizičkih poteškoća, ali s poteškoćama u čitanju i razumijevanju.Ključne riječi: čitanje; razumijevanje; poteškoće u čitanju; tehnika mehaničkog ponavljanja riječi; metoda 3P.
The smart city: challenges for the civil engineering sector
Authors: Cosgrave Ellie
Published: April 2018

In the twenty-first century, engineers are being tasked with solving ever more complex and subtle societal challenges – from climate change to unprecedented urbanisation that is materially affecting the lives of many urban populations. As engineers become ever more interdisciplinary and the boundaries of disciplines soften, they need to reflect as a community as to the appropriateness of the engineering paradigm to address these needs. Currently the engineering community is pointing to the digital technologies and the ‘smart city’ as a deliverer of efficiency and resilience without fully acknowledging the intricate sociopolitical context in which it is situated. This paper explores four key challenges that the (civil) engineering sector must contend with if it is to harness appropriately the potential of digital technologies while maintaining an ethical and productive foundation on which cities can thrive, including (a) embracing complexity, (b) the smart city and social justice, (c) financing the smart city and (d) engineering education.
Epidemiology, social history, and the beginnings of medical anthropology in the highlands of New Guinea
Authors: Anderson Warwick
Published: April 2018

Shirley Lindenbaum’s study in the early 1960s of the origins and transmission of kuru among the Fore people of the eastern highlands of New Guinea is one of the earliest examples of an explicitly medical anthropology. Lindenbaum later described her investigations as assembling ‘an epidemiology of social relations’. How might the emergence of medical anthropology, then, be related to the concurrent development of the social history of medicine and global epidemic intelligence? Are these alternative genealogies for medical anthropology?
Histories, hauntings, and methodological echoes from medical anthropology’s recent past
Authors: Moyer Eileen , Nguyen Vinh-Kim
Published: April 2018

n/a
Test Takers’ Perceptions towards BEC Exams: a Case Study of a Russian University
Authors: Smirnova Elizaveta , Permyakova Tatyana , Sheveleva Marina
Published: April 2018

This is a qualitative study of candidates’ motivation to take BEC exams and their expectations towards the exam results, which was conducted at the Cambridge Exam Preparation Center in a Russian university. The research dataset comprised 33 participants who took part in face-to-face in-depth semi-structured interviews. Overall, candidates show a positive attitude to BEC at different exam levels. The main reasons for preparing for and taking the exams are extrinsic and defined by the institutional environment. The respondents opt for BEC exams as they intend to receive an international education (master’s level) and/or build a successful career in international organizations. The study also revealed a connection between candidates’ expectations toward exam results and their age and level of language proficiency.
HMW DNA extraction for insects v1
Authors: Harrop Tom
Published: April 2018

Adapted from Qiagen's genomic DNA handbook and the user protocol for mosquito DNA extraction.
Anti-Gravitational Choreographies: Strategies of Mobility in Screendance
Authors: Bench Harmony
Published: April 2018

No abstract availableThis article was originally published by Parallel Press, an imprint of the University of Wisconsin-Madison Libraries, as part of The International Journal of Screendance, Volume 1 (2010), Parallel Press. It is made available here with the kind permission of Parallel Press.
In and Out of Place: Site-based Screendance
Authors: Norman Kyra
Published: April 2018

No abstract availableThis article was originally published by Parallel Press, an imprint of the University of Wisconsin-Madison Libraries, as part of The International Journal of Screendance, Volume 1 (2010), Parallel Press. It is made available here with the kind permission of Parallel Press.
La Escritura Perpleja. Hacia Un Posible Uncuentro Entre Crítica Y Videodanza
Authors: Temperley Susana
Published: April 2018

No abstract availableThis article was originally published by Parallel Press, an imprint of the University of Wisconsin-Madison Libraries, as part of The International Journal of Screendance, Volume 1 (2010), Parallel Press. It is made available here with the kind permission of Parallel Press.
Artists' Pages
Authors: Ellis Simon
Published: April 2018

No abstract availableThis text-based adaptation of a performance-presentation was originally published by Parallel Press, an imprint of the University of Wisconsin-Madison Libraries, as part of The International Journal of Screendance, Volume 1 (2010), Parallel Press. It is made available here with the kind permission of Parallel Press.
The International Journal of Screendance 2010
Authors: Rosenberg Douglas
Published: April 2018

No abstract availableOriginally published by Parallel Press, an imprint of the University of Wisconsin-Madison Libraries, as The International Journal of Screendance, Volume 1 (2010), Parallel Press. It is made available here with the kind permission of Parallel Press.
A utilização das Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação – TIC na educação e publicização dos conhecimentos dos povos tradicionais e da sociobiodiversidade
Authors: Barros Bruno Mello Corrêa de , Silva De Gregori Isabel Christine
Published: April 2018

Este artigo tem como pressuposto promover uma reflexão acerca da utilização das Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação com o fito de viabilizar e promover a informação acerca dos conhecimentos dos povos tradicionais, bem como também da promoção de condutas protetivas à sociobiodiversidade utilizando-se das plataformas digitais. Deste modo, com este intuito, pretende-se, num primeiro momento, referir acerca do paradigma contemporâneo e o olhar sobre a proteção da biodiversidade, já em um segundo ponto, explora-se o uso das plataformas digitais, especialmente a Internet, como instrumentos para publicizar e educar sobre os conhecimentos dos povos tradicionais, biodiversidade e recursos naturais. Nesse ínterim, para a consecução do plano proposto será utilizado como aporte metodológico, o método de abordagem dedutivo e o método de procedimento monográfico. Desta feita, é a viável a utilização das TICs, sobretudo a Internet, como meio propagador de ideias, conceitos e especialmente informações, sobre os usos e costumes, a sociobiodiversidade e a proteção dos recursos naturais em perigo e em constante erosão. A utilização dos meios técnico-científicos possibilita uma ampla gama de pessoas ter acesso a estas informações e a partir de tal espectro exercer condutas proativas de proteção aos recursos naturais e à própria natureza.
Da Ortodoxia à Crítica: Teorias da Comparação Jurídica
Authors: Campos Dutra Deo
Published: April 2018

O presente artigo tem dois objetivos que são interconectados e concomitantes. O primeiro deles é explicitar a importância fundamental da Teoria da Comparação Jurídica, como campo autônomo e essencial dos estudos que compõe o Direito Comparado, paradoxalmente pouco explorada na literatura jurídica nacional. Para isso, foram destacada e analisada de forma detida o diálogo entre duas das principais contribuições desenvolvidas pelos estudiosos deste campo. As escolas ortodoxa e crítica, através de seus principais expoentes, dedicam seus esforços intelectuais em produzir uma reflexão sobre a produção do conhecimento jurídico comparado. Os cruciais aportes trazidos por essas inteligências são, por sua vez, o segundo e último objetivo deste estudo.
O conteúdo do direito à liberdade de expressão, o discurso de ódio e a resposta democrática
Authors: Pamplona Danielle Anne
Published: April 2018

Este texto advoga que a análise dos instrumentos internacionais que regem o direito à liberdade de expressão e suas restrições afastam as melhores defesas do banimento à restrição imposta ao discurso de ódio. Para isso, estabelece a gênese da proteção à liberdade de expressão e avalia como os instrumentos internacionais universais e regionais interamericano e europeu a contemplam, esclarecendo seu conteúdo e as restrições que são impostas ao seu exercício. A pesquisa foi feita essencialmente em doutrina e nos instrumentos internacionais mencionados. A análise levou à conclusão de que o sistema interamericano é o mais protetivo da liberdade de expressão, ao mesmo tempo em que é mais modesto em relação às restrições que impõe ao exercício da liberdade de expressão. Ainda assim, há, no sistema interamericano, mecanismo que permite proteção adequada em face de abusos que possam ser praticados em nome da liberdade de expressão e que justifica a adoção de restrições como a do discurso de ódio.
Processo Civil Eleitoral
Authors: Souza Leonardo Fernandes de , Vassoler Fernanda Vanessa , Dias Bruno Smolarek
Published: April 2018

O presente trabalho visa analisar a proposta do processo civil eleitoral como resposta à necessidade do direito eleitoral de uma ciência processual que determine ritos céleres, para por fim as dúvidas e contradições hoje vividas pelo processo eleitoral (como processo jurisdicional). Trazendo o Código de Processo Civil 2015 como fonte suplementar e subsidiária. A metodologia utilizada foi a teórica bibliográfica.