bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Parameters Analysis of Lead Bismuth-Heat Transfer Device in the Water Side
Authors: Zhou Tao , Li Yun Bo , Liu Meng Ying
Published: August 2014

The heat transfer device with lead and bismuth is one of the most important equipment to ensure the safe operation of the loop. Though the analysis of sleeve type heat exchange’s flow heat transfer situation, we will get when the lead and bismuth working in the certain circumstance, different thickness of pipe wall, different cooling conditions, have different influence on the heat transfer and thermal stress. When the water side condition is in certain circumstance, as the thickening of the tube wall and the increasing of wall thermal stress,, thin wall can reduce thermal resistance and thermal stress, but faced the corrosion of lead and bismuth at the same time,. Under the condition of the same thickness of the wall, water with higher pressure and temperature can reduce thermal stress, but because of low temperature difference, the economy of heat transfer device is not good. So, in the design of lead bismuth-heat transfer device, we should fully take into account the influence of water side parameters.
Numerical Simulation of the Liquid Flowing and Evaporation outside the Tube of the Evaporative Air Cooler
Authors: Liu Hong Jiao , Chen Liang Cai , Min Min
Published: August 2014

The flow regime and water evaporation outside horizontal tube are the important factors reflecting the heat transfer. In this paper, under different wind speed, the water film flowing and air moisture are studied for some spray density and different diameter. The results shows that there is a wind threshold with air velocity increased, the water film thickness decrease along the annular angles and then increase, and reaches the minimum at about 120 °, air moisture content decreases first and remains unchanged after a certain distance from the tube wall, the greater the wind speed , the thicker the water film, the faster water evaporation, the more the amount of water vapour taken away by air velocity increased, air moisture content decreases on the same position.
Effect of Turbocharged Diesel Engine Operating Conditions on Intake Premixed Methanol Quantity and Performance
Authors: Zhang Deng Pan , Du Jia Yi , Yuan Yin Nan , Wei Sheng Li
Published: August 2014

A multi-point low-pressure methanol injection system was installed on manifold of a four cylinder turbocharged diesel engine, and the experiments on the engine operated with intake premixed methanol were conducted under wide operating conditions. The influence of the engine operating conditions on premixed methanol quantity was analyzed. The results show that, compared with straight diesel model, premixed methanol prolongs the ignition delay time of pilot diesel at the engine high load with low speed, and more methanol quantity can be premixed. At more than medium load with high speed, diesel ignition delay time with premixed methanol is shorter than with straight diesel model, and substitution ratio of methanol for diesel is significantly lower than that of low speed. Compared with the straight diesel mode at high speed, the fuel economy of the dual fueling mode is better, and NOx and soot emissions also are decreased, but CO and HC emissions are increased.
Research on Simulation of LNG Vaporization System on LNG Powered Ships
Authors: Du Tai Li , Wu Gui Tao , Wang Ping An
Published: August 2014

It takes the C26:33L6 engine as an example to simulate the LNG vaporization system on LNG powered ships. It establishes the dynamic mathematical model of the three-way valve, the vaporizer, the heater and the heat exchanger in LNG vaporization system. Then, the simulation model was established based on MATLAB. At last, it analyzes the LNG temperature at the heater outlet under different loads using the PID control in order to make LNG temperature stable to the engine.
Simulation Model of Gas-Cooler of Flue Gas Compressor in a 300 MW Oxy-Fuel Pulverized Coal Fired Boiler
Authors: Wei Ri Guang , Sun Shao Dong , Gao Jian Qiang
Published: August 2014

It presents the compressor gas-cooler of a 300 MW Oxy-fuel pulverized coal fired boiler and established the simulation model of the cooler by the mechanism analysis method. On the simulation platform, the heat transfer performance and dehydration properties of cooler are studied on different pressure conditions. The simulated experiments show that when the flue gas inlet pressure is greater than the design pressure, with the increase of pressure, heat exchange performance of gas-cooler will declines; the water separation amount increases initially and then decreases subsequently.
The Static Strength Analysis on Two Certain Types of Cylinder Blocks of the Diesel Engine
Authors: Yin Long , Li Ming Hai , Ni Lei , Li Xiao Jun
Published: August 2014

In this paper, The static strength analysis on the output of the two types of cylinder block models (concave and no concave) when they are working were studied. To make sure that the cylinder block is safe during the whole working process, it should satisfy the requirement of the allowable stress of material on the maximum load conditions. And the firing order of the cylinders are continuous. This paper focuses on the static strength analysis of the cylinder block and comparative analysis of the two structures.
Study on Sugar Production Conditions of Dilute Sulfuric Acid Hydrolysis of Corn Straw
Authors: Sun Qing , Huang Shu He , Wang Bo , Deng Xiao Run , Yi Jia Sheng , Zhang Xue Shun , Shen Rui
Published: August 2014

In this paper, through the study of reducing sugar conditions of corn straw hydrolysis under acidic condition, looking for the production of experimental conditions relatively reasonable. Mainly by dilute sulfuric acid hydrolysis of corn straw by single factor test, effects of sulfuric acid concentration, temperature, reaction time, particle size, ratio of solid to liquid five factors, effects on sugar yield of corn straw. The dilute sulfuric acid concentration 5%, ratio of solid to liquid was 1:14, when the reaction time is 140 min, particle fineness of 120 mesh, the reaction temperature is 100 °C, corn stalk sugar yield reached a maximum 20.11%.
The Static Strength and Fatigue Strength Analysis of a Certain Type of Cooling Fan
Authors: Li Xiao Jun , Yin Long , Ni Lei , Li Ming Hai
Published: August 2014

This paper estimates the static strength of a certain type of cooling fan designed by a company in the rotating speed of 1260 rpm and 1380 rpm, evaluates static strength according to the cooling fan’s permissible stress in F state and T1 state, estimates the fatigue strength according to the operation load of cooling fan suffering from different direction when locomotive running and evaluates the cooling fan fatigue life according to the IIW standard. Static strength and fatigue strength calculation using ANSYS companies in the United States commercial version of the ANSYS software to complete.
Two-Phase Stirring Flow Analysis of the Ruston Turbine in Stirred Tank
Authors: Wang Xiao Bing
Published: August 2014

The effect of the turbine installation position on two-phase flow of a single six-blade ruston turbine in stirred tank with different agitation speeds is numerically simulated by using the large eddy simulation combined with mixture model. The result shows that when stirring low-density mixture, with the increasing stirring axle speed, volume fraction of low-density granules near the paddle is higher, while that near the barrel is low. When the paddle is installed with close distance to the tank bottom, the upper low-density granules are transported to the tank bottom to form good stirring effect. With increasing of the paddle location, distribution of low-density granules is hardly found at the bottom of stirred tank.
Vibration Fault Diagnosis for Wind Turbine Based on Enhanced Supervised Locally Linear Embedding
Authors: Wang Xiang , Zheng Yuan
Published: August 2014

Fault diagnosis for wind turbine is an important task for reducing their maintenance cost. However, the non-stationary dynamic operating conditions of wind turbines pose a challenge to fault diagnosis for wind turbine. Fault diagnosis is essentially a kind of pattern recognition. In this paper, a novel fault diagnosis method based on enhanced supervised locally linear embedding is proposed for wind turbine. The approach first performs the recently proposed manifold learning algorithm locally linear embedding on the high-dimensional fault signal samples to learn the intrinsic embedded multiple manifold features corresponding to different fault modes. Enhanced supervised locally linear embedding not only can map them into a low-dimensional embedded space to achieve fault feature extraction, but also can deal with new fault samples. Finally fault classification is carried out in the embedded manifold space. The wind turbine gearbox ball bearing vibration fault signals are used to validate the proposed fault diagnosis method. The results indicate that the proposed approach obviously improves the fault classification performance and outperforms the other traditional approaches.
Dynamic Characteristics and Mathematical Models of Filled Level for Ball Mills with Double Inlets and Outlets
Authors: Wan Wen Jun , Fan Zhi Yuan , Huang Wei Jian , Chen Shi He
Published: August 2014

Ball mills with double inlets and outlets (BMDIO) are widely equipped in milling systems of thermal power plants because of BMDIOs’ vantage on being able to pulverize various raw coal. In this paper, dynamic characteristics of mill’s coal level were studied by pulverizing coal mechanism analysis. Furthermore, models for filled level of mill were obtained with mathematical Equations. The nonlinear, strong coupling and large lag features of BMDIO’s dynamic characteristics were demonstrated by the model for level of materiel constructed in this paper. And, the model would be become the available theory basis for the calculation of pulverized coal into furnace and design of combustion in fossil-fired thermal unit.
Emissions Characteristics of a Diesel Engine with GTL and Biodiesel Fuels
Authors: Tan Pi Qiang , Wang Shu , Zhi Yuan Hu , Lou Di Ming
Published: August 2014

Emission characteristics of an electronic-controlled high pressure common-rail diesel engine with low-blend Gas-to-liquids (GTL) and low-blend biodiesel fuels are studied. Pure diesel fuel, G10 fuel (10% GTL blend with diesel fuel) and B10 fuel (10% biodiesel blend with diesel fuel) are used in this research. The results show that torque of the engine with pure diesel fuel is higher than G10 fuel, and B10 fuel is the lowest. Compared to the pure diesel fuel, the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of the engine with G10 fuel decreases, but the B10 fuel increases slightly. Hydrocarbon (HC) emissions of the engine with G10 fuel or B10 fuel are lower than the pure diesel fuel, and the carbon monoxide (CO) emission increases slightly, and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions have no distinct change. Compared to the G10 fuel, the CO and HC emissions of the engine with B10 fuel are lower.
Production and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies against Acridine Ester
Authors: Zhu Li Xin , Fan Yan , Qiu Xue Mei , Liu Ren Rong , Xu Long , Xu Ling
Published: August 2014

AE (Acridine ester) artificial antigens were obtained by acridine ester coupled with KLH (keyhole limpet hemocyanin) and BSA (bovine serum albumin) in weakly alkaline conditions, respectively. These two kinds of antigens were identified by the ultraviolet absorption method, which showed that they were synthesized successfully. Balb/c mice were immunized with the AE-KLH for producing the McAb (monoclonal antibody) against AE, and then cell fusion was used. Two monoclonal antibodies against AE were acquired according to traditional procedure. One of anti-AE antibodies produced from the 1E8 cell lines was the IgG3 subclass with a kappa-type light chain. An indirect competitive ELISA assay was developed. A linear relationship was observed over the concentration range from 0.25 to 10 ng/mL, and the detection limit was 0.125 ng/mL. The 50% inhibition concentration was 2.3 ng/mL. The monoclonal antibody against AE was successfully obtained.
Study on the Characteristics of Sediment Incipient Motion in Pressure Pipeline
Authors: Lei Ming Hui , Nie Rui Hua , Yuan Su Qin , Liu Xing Nian
Published: August 2014

The generalized model experiments were designed and conducted in the pressure pipeline to investigate the characteristic of sediment incipient motion. There were some differences between the measured sediment critical velocity and the predictive one which was calculated by traditional formulas. In this paper, the analyses of velocity distribution and its corresponding effect on the sediment incipient motion in the pressure pipeline are done. Then, a simple but available formula which is suitable for the prediction of sediment critical velocity in the pressure pipeline is proposed. Finally, this formula is verified by experimental data and good agreements are observed between the recorded data and predictions.
Study on Water Measuring Facilities in Water-Saving Irrigation District, China
Authors: Yu Xiao , Long Xun Jian , He Yan , Liu Ying
Published: August 2014

In recent years, the Chinese government has adjust the implementation of national industrial structure and popularize water saving. However, agricultural water consumption still accounted for more than 60% of the total water content. With the rapid development of economy, the situation of water shortage is becoming increasingly serious. In agriculture production, developing accurate quantity water infrastructure projects can promote water saving on agricultural production and advance the process of water-saving agriculture. Based on the analysis of the current situation of agricultural development in China, this manuscript compared the development of the irrigation district management system since 1950s, and summarized the main factors restricting the construction of water-saving irrigation area. The results show that (1) Irrigation facilities coverage remains to be improved. (2) Low accuracy of measuring water facilities. (3) Lack of economic and practical equipment. In addition, this paper also put forward the research and development direction of quantity of water facilities in future. It can provide useful reference for water-saving agriculture development in China.
Characteristic of Sap Flow of Poplar and Response to Meteorological Factors in Coastal Region
Authors: Zhou Qing Yun , Wang Yang Ren , Sun Shu Hong
Published: August 2014

Thermal dissipation sap flow rate probe was used to measure trunk sap flow dynamic of Poplar during the growing season from September 2011 to May 2012 in coastal region of China. The relationship of trunk sap flow rate and meteorological factors was analyzed. The results showed that the process of sap flow rate of Poplar presented an obvious day and night alternate phenomenon. The diurnal variation of sap flow was a single-peak curve in sunny day and a multi-peak curve in rainy day. According to Pearson correlation analysis, the diurnal sap flow rate of Poplar was positively correlated with solar radiation and atmospheric temperature, and negatively correlated with air relative humidity. The regression analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between multi-day sap flow rate and solar radiation, and the determination coefficient was 0.287 and 0.778 in summer and autumn, respectively. The linear regression model of multi-day sap flow with meteorological multi-factor was remarkable correlation, and the determination coefficient was 0.577 and 0.791 in summer and autumn, respectively. The regression model of multi-day sap flow with meteorological multi-factor was better than with single meteorological factor.
Spatiotemporal Evolution of the Drought and Flood in Northeast China
Authors: Huang Ru , Yan Deng Hua
Published: August 2014

In order to reduce the losses of drought and flood disasters, the spatiotemporal characteristics and evolution of drought and flood in Northeast China were analyzed by Z index based on the monthly precipitation data of 111 meteorological stations during 1961-2013.The Mann–Kendall test and linear regression analysis were used to analyze the change trend of drought and flood. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Affected by the monsoon climate, flood is concentrated in summer extensively and frequently in Northeast China, while drought is concentrated in winter. (2) Drought mainly occurs in January, February, March, November and December concentrated in east and southeast of Northeast China. Flood is found in May to September. Especially The highest frequency of flood is observed in July (up to 84.9%), next is August with 69.8%, and followed by June with 48.7%. (3)7 months in a year (March-June and October-December ) show wetting trend over Northeast China , while 3 months (July-September) are observed drying trends. Significant upward trend of wet conditions occur in March and December; while significant trends towards drier conditions occur in September. (4) Drought areas dominate the Northeast China in January, February, March, November and December with a decreasing trend. Flood areas dominate the Northeast China from May to September. Extensive flood is most likely occurred in July. Flood area in May and June show an increasing trend, while a decreasing trend is from July to September.
Analysis of Precipitation and Flood Processes Caused by Cyclone and Cold Front in Dahuofang Reservoir
Authors: Zhang Jing , He Jun Shi , Zhou Lin Fei
Published: August 2014

Cyclone and cold front are the important weather systems causing storm floods in Dahuofang reservoir. Through analyzing the precipitation daily distribution and flood processes affected by cyclone and cold front weather systems, the influence of different weather systems on reservoir flood control has been summarized. The study results show that flood processes caused by compound weather systems are the most serious threat to reservoir flood control, while flood processes caused by single cold front system have the least risk to reservoir flood safety and the flood threat caused by single cyclone is intermediate.
The Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Saltwater Intrusion during Dry Season in the Yangtze River Estuary, China
Authors: Zhang Wei Na , Wang Yi Gang , Yang Tong Jun , Huang Hui Ming
Published: August 2014

Abstract. The saltwater intrusion in the Yangtze River Estuary is very frequent and complicated with a great effect on freshwater supply in Shanghai and nearby cities. By using the hydrologic data observed in dry season, the temporal and spatial variation of the saltwater intrusion in the Yangtze River Estuary were analyzed. The results show that the saltwater intrusion of the south branch is mainly induced by the saltwater spilling over from the north branch, which causes the Chenhang reservoir being plagued by saltwater intrusion during dry season. As the saltwater group from the north branch moving downward along the south branch, the longitudinal salinity distribution present a high-low-high shape during spring tide cycle, low-high-low-high shape during medium tide cycle and low-high shape during neap tide cycle along the south branch-south channel-south passage. Moreover, the north branch is controlled by high saline water with the increase of the salinity in the upstream reach in medium and spring tides, but this phenomenon is vanished in neap tide. In addition, the vertical distribution of salinity is more homogeneous in shoals than that in deep channels, which is induced by mixing degree in water column.
Factors to Affect the Eutrophication and Phytoplankton Blooms in the Three Gorges Reservoir
Authors: Yang Zheng Jian , Zhang Jia Lei
Published: August 2014

The phytoplankton blooms in the tributary bays have become the most serious environmental problem in Three Gorge Reservoir (TGR), China. In order to understand the mechanism of those phytoplankton blooms, the factors to affect the eutrophication and Phytoplankton blooms have been summarized. Generally, in lakes eutrophication is a natural evolutionary process, which is affected by light, temperature, nutrients, predation, migration and stratification. Recent decade's human activities played a role to promote this evolution but not to change the evolutionary direction. However, in the TGR, the changed hydrodynamics caused by the TGD are considered to be the most important triggers to the phytoplankton blooms, especially the longer residence time, thermal density currents and stratification.
Analysis of the Effect of Tropical Crop Cultivation on Soil Quality
Authors: Du Li Qing , Zheng Liang Yong , Ma Hai Yang , Wu Hao , Wei Chang Bin
Published: August 2014

The effects of different land use types on soil quality was studied in cultivation areas of the mango, longan, greening plant, Ziziphus mauritiana, shelter-forest, and macadamia, as well as in the undeveloped land of the South Subtropical Crops Research Institute. Different land use types showed various effects on soil quality. Higher soil pH and bulk densities in the undeveloped land, higher content of available phosphrous (P) and available potassium (K) in macadamia cultivation areas, and higher organic matter content in shelter-forest land were observed relative to those of other land use types. The integrated fertility index of soil was ranked as follows: shelter-forest land>undeveloped land> Ziziphus mauritiana land>macadamia land and>mango land>longan land>greening plant land. This template explains and demonstrates how to prepare your camera-ready paper for Trans Tech Publications. The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text.
Review of Quantitative Study of Rill Morphology on Slope
Authors: Zhang Pan , Sun Wei Ying , Yao Wen Yi
Published: August 2014

Morphological development of rill at hillslope formed a microrelief dynamic response system with soil erosion driven by rainfall. To reveal the formation mechanism of this system, scientifically quantification is the key problem. In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars had achieved fruitful results in rill evolution and quantized fields. This paper analysised the existing problems in the present research based on summarizing the current existing methods of rill morphology quantitation, and put forward the research direction in the future.
Effect of Grass on Reducing Runoff and Sediment and its Critical Flow Shear Stress
Authors: Xiao Pei Qing , Yang Er , Jiao Peng
Published: August 2014

Reduction effects of grass on runoff and sediment yield and its mechanical mechanism of grass was studied under rainfall intensities of 45, 87 and 127mm/h with 20°slope gradient using simulated rainfall experiment. the results showed that average runoff rates ranged from 39.7 to 126.0 L/min for bare plots and 0.34 to 6.22 L/min for grass plots, and the runoff rates from grass plots were much less than from bare plots. Average sediment yields varied from 3636.7 to 9436.3 g/min for bare plots and from 26.7 to 581.5 g/min for grass plots. The critical flow shear stress of 2.85 N/m2 on grass slope and 0.861 N/m2 on bare slope were got under experiment condition. The sediment yield increased with the increase of flow shear stress. The experiment results are meaningful for quantifying runoff and sediment reduction and deepening soil erosion mechanical process also.
Experimental Study on Sediment Transport Capacity Model of Slope Runoff Based on ANN
Authors: Jiao Peng , Xiao Pei Qing , Hou Xin Xin , Zhang Dan
Published: August 2014

Sediment transport capacity of slope runoff is an important hydrodynamic parameter in the establishment of soil erosion prediction model. According to simulated runoff-scouring experiments, sediment transport capacity of slope runoff under different conditions is calculated. The impact factors of sediment transport capacity of slope runoff were analyzed by the method of Mean Impact Value, and then the input variables including dry bulk density, slope, Inlet flow, outlet flow, hydraulic radius, flow rate were determined. GRNN model was established and optimized by Adaboost algorithm to forecast Sediment transport capacity of slope runoff. The validation results showed that the GRNN model was applied to Sediment transport capacity forecasting of slope runoff. In conditions of experimental training samples, GRNN model had better computed results compared to BP Neural network model, and Adaboost algorithm could effectively decrease error of GRNN model.
Characterization of Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes of Rhizoctonia solani AG-3 from Tobacco Target Spot
Authors: Zhao Yan Qin , Wu Yuan Hua , Zhao Xiu Xiang , An Meng Nan , Chen Jian Guang , Yin Xu Min
Published: August 2014

Rhizoctonia solaniKühn is a causal pathogen responsible for many types of plant disease worldwide and a major soilborne fungal pathogen that severely impairs yield and quality of tobacco worldwide. Activities, pathogenicity of the cell wall-degrading enzymes produced by theRhizoctoniasolanifrom tobacco target spot disease both in liquid medium and in tobacco tissue were studied. The result showed thatR.solanifrom tobacco can produce pectinase and cellulase both in vitro and vivo, and the activity of PG and PMG was the highest in vitro. The activity of Cx and β-glucosidase was the highest in vivo, and enzyme production ability of strong pathogenicity strains is stronger than the weak pathogenicity strains in vitro.
Bioinfomatics Analysis of the Anthocyanidin synthase Gene in Tree Peony
Authors: Zhang Yan Zhao , Cheng Yan Wei , Ya Hui Yuan , Yun Chao , Han Jian Ming , Pang Hong Bo , Gao Kai
Published: August 2014

Anthocyanin mainly responsible for flowers color in many plant species, it also accumulated in response to lots of environmental stress to reduce the damage to plant cell. Anthocyanin synthesis (ANS) protein is an important synthetase participated in anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. In this study, we isolated thePsANSgene from transcriptome database built by our previous study. ThePsANSgene contain an 1050bp open reading frame encoding 349 amino acid, phylogenetic analysis revealed that PsANS was segrated into a group with ANS from others plant species. Secondary and thri-dimension structure prediction also revealed that it may have similar function with ANS in others plant species. The identifiedPsANSgene would be helpful for further research in flower color modification and resistance breeding.
Identification and Characterization of Hsp70 from Lactuca sativa
Authors: Cheng Yan Wei , Zhang Yan Zhao , Ya Hui Yuan , Yun Chao , Han Jian Ming , Pang Hong Bo , Gao Kai
Published: August 2014

Heat shock proteins (Hsp) were usually regarded as chaperones and play important role in plant stress tolerance. The expression of Hsps would be inducted when plant encounter lots of environmental stressors. Lactuca sativa was an important leaf vegetable in the world, but thermol stress seriously restricted its production. In this study, we isolated the Hsp70 members from Lactuca sativa database, a total of 5 Hsp70 members with completed open reading frame (ORF) were selected and further analysized. Results showed that the 5 LsHsp70 members were closely to Hsp70s in Arabidopsis, which indicated that the identified Hsp70 may responsible for thermotolerance in Lactuca sativa. The 5 new Hsp70s would be used as candidated genes for improving the tolerance trait of Lactuca sativa and others plants.
Indication Effect of Guangdong Indigenous Broadleaf Tree Species to Distribution Pattern of Climate
Authors: Ou Yu Duan , Wang Chu Biao , Fan Xiao Dan , Wu Tian
Published: August 2014

Indication function of Guangdong indigenous tree species to different climatic factors (mean annual temperature, rainfall and sunshine hours) was confirmed with indicator species analysis. The results showed that the climatic factors had significant influence on the distribution of indigenous tree species in the following order: mean annual temperature>mean annual sunshine hours>mean annual rainfall. Actinodaphne lecomtei, etc. were indicator species for north of Lianshan (≤19°C). Liquidambar acalycin, etc, were indicator species for Northern Guangdong's mountainous areas (≤1400 h). Adinandra megaphylla was indicator species for Yangjiang coastal regions (>2200 mm). This research provided scientific basis for indigenous broadleaves tree species selection in regional forestation.
Organic Carbon Storage and Spatial Distribution of Forest Soil in Jiangxi
Authors: Zhang Qiu Gen , Wang Shi Fen , Wu Jing Yi , Chen Su Hua
Published: August 2014

Organic carbon of forest ecosystems is an essential part of the global organic carbon, which plays a dominate role in forest soil organic carbon research. It was estimated that the forest soil organic carbon density, carbon storage and its abundance index of 11 cities in Jiangxi province according to soil survey data for the second time and forest resources survey data in Jiangxi province during 11th five-year plan. Results showed that organic carbon storage of forest soil in 0-20cm and 0-100cm in Jiangxi province was 401.04×106t and 1025.73×106t respectively, in which yellow soil organic carbon density was higher than that of the red soil. Soil organic carbon storage in forest ecosystems was consistent in 0-20cm and 0-100cm of forest soil in eleven cities of Jiangxi province, among them Ganzhou was the highest in Ra20 while Yichun was the lowest one. In addition, it was inconsistent in the abundance index trend of forest soil organic carbon storages, Shangrao was the highest in Ra20, Yichun was the highest in Ra100, while Nanchang was the lowest one both in Ra20 and Ra100. It was the inverse relationship between total GDP and forest soil organic carbon storage..
Study on Superior Tree Selection Methods of Phoebe Hui in Hunan
Authors: Li Tie Hua , Wen Shi Zhi , He Gong Xiu , Chen Liang , Huang Shi Jia
Published: August 2014

Phoebe hui is a precious timber tree species. In order to get excellent seedlings and stands with good genes and develop Phoebe hui better, it is necessary to select superior trees. The dominant trees comparative method and small sample plot method were used to evaluate and select Phoebe hui superior trees in Longshan county, Hunan province, and the evaluation factors included diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height, timber volume and other quality factors. The results showed that, using the dominant trees comparative method, the DBH, tree height and timber volume values of the superior tree were more than 1.12, 1.06 and 1.23 times of the mean values of 5 dominant trees respectively, and 6 superior trees were selected in two stands. Using small sample plot method, the DBH, tree height and timber volume of the superior tree were more than the mean value and 1 times standard deviation value of the stand, and 4 trees were selected as superior tree. These 2 methods can be used for superior tree selection of Phoebe hui in Hunan, and the dominant trees comparative method is more simple and easier for operation.
Triangle Method: A New Distance Method for Density Estimation
Authors: Zhu Xun Zhi , Gao Ting , Zhang Jin Tun
Published: August 2014

Quantitative data are essential in characterizing vegetation. Considerable attention has been paid to vegetation sampling techniques. A series of methods have been developed for tree density estimation which utilize spacing distances instead of fixed-area quadrats. In this paper, a new plotless sampling method was proposed which we denominated a triangle method. With the new method and a conventional distance method (point-centred quarter method), we investigated Larixprincipis-rupprechtii population in larch forests at Xiaolongmen Forest Station of Donglingshan Mountain, Beijing. Compared the two methods with quadrat method, not only the accuracy, but also the precision of the new method are better than the old one. The results indicate that the new method is adequate to estimate tree density and easy to use in wood engineering and forest survey work.
Spring Bird Community Structure in Response to Habitat Heterogeneity in a Subtropical Hilly Landscape
Authors: Li Wen Bin , Mo Zhi Ming , Chen Xing Ting , Huang Chun , Xu Ming Feng
Published: August 2014

To examine the impact of habitat heterogeneity on the bird communities, we investigated the structural differences of various bird communities occurring in heterogeneous habitats in the subtropical hilly areas of southern China. We used indicator Species Analysis (ISA) to test the association of specific bird species to particular habitats. We performed Two-way Cluster Analysis to find species patterning in response to habitat fragmentation. Our results demonstrated that heterogeneous habitats promoted bird diversity and human activities affected bird behavior. Indicator Species Analysis demonstrated that similar habitats had similar bird communities, while different habitats supported various bird indicator species. Although habitat diversity increased bird diversity of a region, it was unfavorable for the maintenance of specialized birds in the forests of the subtropical hilly area.
Effects of Soda Saline-Alkali Stress on Physiological Characteristics of Rice in Different Concentrations
Authors: Zhu Ming Xia , Jin Feng , Shao Xi Wen , Gao Xian Ying , Geng Yan Qiu , Wang Shuai
Published: August 2014

Taking Changbai 9 and Changbai 22 as experiment material, using pot experiment, to study of different concentration effect of saline alkali stress on physiological characteristics of rice in different growth periods. The results showed that, effect of saline alkali stress on the physiological characteristics of the same rice variety and soil characteristics of different resistant rice varieties are different. Weak salt resistance of Changbai 22 of chlorophyll , soluble sugar and MDA of salt stress more sensitive than saline resistance strong of Changbai 9,and the change trend of the physiological indexes of two cultivars under saline alkali stress is consistent, with the increasing concentration of salt stress, leaf chlorophyll content, soluble sugar content and soluble protein content firstly increased and then decreased,while the MDA concentration showed an increasing trend. At the same time with the increase of salt stress concentration, accumulation of soluble sugar in leaves of Changbai 9 increased even more than Changbai 22,indicating the Changbai 9 may be mainly through the accumulation of soluble sugar to alleviate the toxic effects of osmotic stress. This study can be used as an important reference index for soda saline alkali soil rice planting, soil improvement and comprehensive utilization.
Research on the Landslide Recognition Based on Remote Sensing
Authors: Zhang Ya Li , Zhang Peng , Ma Jin Zhu , Shu He Ping
Published: August 2014

In order to analyze the spatial distribution of landslides and its characteristics about the surface condition of landslides, a typical large landslide called the Xieliupo located in Zhouqu County was choosed as an example, comparing the data obtained from the field investigation with the initiatory interpretation result using remote sensing images. The results show that the proposed typical interpretation signs for landslide recognition have been improved right and could produce obvious identification results which were consistent with visual interpretation. Since the above method has been confirmed practical in the landslide recognition, we finally apply the method and experience in interpretation of landslide based on RS to the recognition of other large landslides, which can provide the theoretical basis for the subsequent research of landslides.
Selection of Imagery Change Detection Methods Concerning Seasonal Difference
Authors: Xing Hua Qiao , Lu Miao
Published: August 2014

Updating land cover with imagery change detection methods is a hot topic. Many imagery change detection methods have been developed from different views; however, these methods often have their specific applicability, indicating that there is no single method can be universally applicable for land cover updating especially in large area. The main challenge is that not all remote sensing images used in change detection would be aquired from the same season. In this paper, two typical change detection methods SGD and PCC were analyzed and selected respectively for land cover updating concerning the seasonal difference of multi-temporal remote sensed images. Experiment in a case study of Shandong province was conducted by using the two methods. Results indicated that SGD is suitable for consistent seasonal phase images, while PCC can be used for those inconsistent seasonal phase images. It can achieve better accuracy in land cover updating using suitable change detection method concerning seasonal difference.
Applying Remotely Sensed Data to Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emission and Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
Authors: Zhang Lu , Shi Run He , Wang Jing
Published: August 2014

"Kyoto Protocol" came into force on the February 16th, 2005. It introduced rules on the responsibilities of reducing greenhouse gas emission so as to alleviate and deal with problems caused by climate change. Among the three fulfillment mechanisms in "Kyoto Protocol", the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is the only one related to developing countries. As one of the most important developing countries in the world, it is urgent for China to make rational use of the CDM to support its high-speed economic development. At this point, nation-scale carbon related data are critical. This paper introduced the acquisition of soil, vegetation and land use/land cover data at a large scale using remotely sensed data and the simulation of carbon sink/source by means of ecosystem models. Remotely sensed data play an important role in the extraction of qualitative and quantitative information for CDM related researches and activities.
On Conservation Strategies for Ecological Green Planning of Gongqing DigiEcoCity
Authors: Li Xiao Qiong , Zhang Wei , Tao Chun Yuan , Wang Ying Xiang
Published: August 2014

DigiEcoCity is an ideal city model which combines the concept of sustainable development, new technologies of digital revolution and functions that needed for creating a better life, and is the direction of the future development of low carbon city. This paper described planning concept and planning overview of Gongqing digital Eco-city, emphasized the application of Digital & ecological concept. Gongqing city has made active exploration on construction and planning model of DigiEcoCity, and aims to be a good example of the digital Eco-city in the future.
Sustainable Development Analysis of Resources Based City Based on Ecological Footprint Model: Shandong Dongying City
Authors: Kang Yan Yan , Wang Jia Lin , Yu Xiao Dan
Published: August 2014

Applying ecological footprint model to calculate the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of Dongying ,a typical oil city between the year 2005-2009,the results showed that ecological footprint was deficit in recent years, and the trend had been exacerbated. The economic development of Dongying was in an ecologically unsustainable condition. Measures are put forward to facilitate the sustainable development in two aspects: the reduction of the ecological footprint demand such as industrial structure adjustment, low carbon industry system construction and green life pattern formation; the increase of ecological carrying capacity supply, such as rationally utilizing land and making full use of marine resources.
Study on Demarcation of Basic Farmland Based on GIS — A Case Study of Fogang County
Authors: Hou Xin Xin , Jiao Peng , Li Li
Published: August 2014

The demarcation of basic farmland scientifically is important to cultivated land protection, agriculture-economy development, and regional sustainable development. This paper took Fogang County as an example, calculated the amount of basic farmland protection and exclusion and then quantified the addition amount; established the evaluation system of farmland; used Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and entropy method to determine the index weights; prioritized the selected cultivated land using GIS and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS); and then combined with the addition amount to optimize the basic farmland spatially. The study result proved that the demarcate method of basic farmland was feasible, and can provide scientific and technological support for basic farmland planning.
Analysis on the Effect of Reservoir Immersion in Yanqing New Town
Authors: Wang Yue , Qin Xiao Rui , Feng Xiang
Published: August 2014

Reservoir immersion is one of the environmental geological problems in the construction of Yanqing new town. In this paper, the geological environment in Yanqing area was decribed, the causes of the immersion were analyzed, the immersion degree evaluation was determined according to the measured data, and the reservoir immersion range was predicted using groundwater dynamics, which provide the basis for the construction of Yanqing new town and disaster prevention and mitigation.
Planning and Design for “GREEN-TRAVEL” Oriented Healthy Community
Authors: Qian Fang , Feng Ting Ting
Published: August 2014

Based on the analysis of the healthy connotation of green-travel and the impact of environment on the travel mode, the paper researches the relationship between the healthy community and the green travel and sparkplugs the planning of the green travel oriented healthy community. Additionally, it discusses the method how to lead healthy travel, optimize healthy behavior and improve healthy consciousness from four points of elements analysis, spatial layout, green-travel system construction and policy support.
Shallowly Discussing the Humanity Design of Urban Public Facilities
Authors: Hu Chuan Mei
Published: August 2014

The influence factors of humanity design of public facilities contain four aspects: natural environment, human environment, regional culture and human factors. The principles that humanity design of public facilities should be obey to meet the needs of people's activities, people's psychology, the organic unity of the "man" and "materialized", to achieve the artistic beauty and meet the cultural identity. Humanity design can cause the user's thoughts resonate with the designer, and it can promote the sustainable development of urban public facilities because of its mutual integration with the environment.
Research on Low-Carbon and Ecological Strategies of Renewal Planning in Shanxi Local Countryside - Take Xincheng，Youyu as an Example
Authors: Wei Yu , Shi Qian Fei
Published: August 2014

In most countries the low-carbon and ecological life is seem to be a sustainable way that considered both human development and environmental protection. Shanxi, a province depends on heavy-industry in China, always leads the nation in carbon emission though in a very bad natural environment. In order to achieve sustainable development, Shanxi should implement industrial transformation while proceeding new pattern urbanization. How to lead people to have a low-carbon and ecological life in planning ways? The low-carbon and ecological practice in the renewing planning of Xincheng Town in Youyu, Shanxi may provide us some new ideas. When doing rural renewing planning, we should use low-carbon and ecological strategies. Consideration should be given to both macro level and micro level. Shanxi can still implement industrial transformation with low-carbon and ecological thinking to achieve the sustainable rural development.
Research on the Urban Influence upon Development Zone
Authors: Sun Zhan Xiu , Du Li Nan , Pian Feng
Published: August 2014

Since the influence of urban over Development Zone is complex, the article focused on the effect made by the investment of urban. Assuming the GDP of the Development Zone be dependent variable, while the development and location of Development Zone, and investment of urban be independent variable, which based on the ‘nested structure’ exist between urban and Development Zone, the paper was about to construct ahierarchical linear model for revealing the influence of urban over Development Zone. As the research reflects, investment of urban has the positive proportion with the development of Development Zone. In addition, the paper shows the investment which is made in the origin of the Development Zone was key to the speed and quality of its own development. This paper is of reference value to the rationalization of the scale of new urban area.
Petrogenesis and Chronology of Intermediate-Acidic Intrusive Rocks in Tongling Area, Anhui Province, China
Authors: Yue Zi Long , Gao Yan Li , Zeng Zhao Ge
Published: August 2014

The intermediate-acidic intrusive rocks in Tongling area of Anhui province can be divided into two magmatic series, namely the shoshonitic series and the high-potassium(K) calc-alkaline series. The shoshonitic series is characterized by an association of pyroxene monzodiorites + monzodiorites + quartz monzonites, and high Rittmann indices. This series has common association with gold deposits. The high-potassium(K) calc-alkaline series is characterized by an association of diorite + quartz monzodiorites + granodiorites. It has lower Rittmann indices and REEs than the shoshonitic series and is associated with copper deposits. Results obtained from the studies show that the former is derived from the differentiation of the alkaline basic magma in mantle and the later is mixture between the differentiated mantle magma and crustal magma. The chronology of intermediate-acidic intrusive rocks is about 140Ma.
Deformation Analysis and Tectonic Implications of South Tianshan Orogenic Belt, SW China
Authors: Guan Hui Mei , Cheng Hai Yan , Kang Yan Li
Published: August 2014

The Tianshan Orogenic Belt, which is located in the southwestern part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), is an important component in the reconstruction of the tectonic evolution of the CAOB. In order to examine the evolution of the Tianshan Orogenic Belt, we performed macroscopic, microscopic structure observations analyses with deformed rocks along orogen-perpendicular transects pass Wuwamen in the South Tianshan orogenic belt of south west China, and we propose that the South Tianshan Orogenic belt enterwent a high temperature deformation in Wuwamen area during the plate interactions in Late Paleozoic.
Lower-Middle Ordovician Cave-Reservoir Characters and Dominant Factors in Southern Tahe Oil Field
Authors: Xu Wei Wu , Gu Qiu Xiang
Published: August 2014

It is discussed characteristic and dominant factors of lower-middle Ordovician cave-reservoir in southern Tahe oilfield by analyzing data such as core, well drilling, logging, and seismic systematically, and by applying reservoir identifying, wells comparing, section of seismic analyzing, and ancient physiognomy recovering technology in this article. Three cave layers effected by the early hercynian karstification have been discovered in the study area. In single well section, the cave layer with strong heterogeneity corresponds with the Karst cycle with six combinations. The cave layers dominated by the early hercynian unconformity concentrate under0-200metre of the unconformity surface. The nearer to the unconformity surface, the more caves are filled. With effecting of fracture, the caves layers, especially larger cave, are often discovered in fractures concentrated zone. With effecting of ancient physiognomy, the caves layers are often in gentle carbonate slope. The unconformity, regional fractures and ancient physiognomy are the dominant factors of lower-middle Ordovician cave-reservoir in southern Tahe oil field.