bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
China y Rusia. Nacionalismo, economía y geopolítica
Authors: García-Herrero Alicia , Milosevich Mira
Published: June 2024

China y Rusia, aunque con importantes diferencias, son dos posimperios revisionistas con una ambición común: cambiar el orden global. Las intenciones de Rusia se han mostrado más claramente con la invasión de Ucrania, mientras que China se ha beneficiado de la agresividad rusa para ofrecer una alternativa al Sur Global. Rusia, un posimperio en decadencia, necesita el apoyo de China para avanzar en su guerra contra Ucrania. La disposición de China a prestar ese apoyo se produce a cambio, no solo de la agresividad de Rusia en ese cambio de orden mundial, sino también de un mejor acceso a materias primas rusas, la ruta del Ártico o la capacidad armamentística. A medida que la economía rusa aumenta su dependencia de la china, la balanza debería seguir inclinándose a favor de esta última.
Dimensión geopolítica y de seguridad del cambio climático: una perspectiva climática de la gobernanza global
Authors: García Rico Lucía
Published: June 2024

Los efectos del cambio climático y de las medidas de mitigación y adaptación tienen consecuencias políticas y de seguridad. Los eventos climáticos extremos derivados del cambio climático afectan al territorio y a la población de los Estados y, en los escenarios más expuestos y vulnerables, pueden provocar situaciones de inseguridad. Este artículo propone adaptar la gobernanza global desde una perspectiva climática para prevenir y prepararse para un escenario geoestratégico transformado por las consecuencias del cambio climático. Los Estados y las organizaciones internacionales deben incluir el cambio climático en sus agendas, integrar transversalmente las consideraciones climáticas en sus políticas y actividades, y desarrollar los mecanismos y foros necesarios para abordar las posibles disputas derivadas de los efectos del cambio climático y de la lucha para combatirlo.
Economía y geopolítica del sector energético: desde los combustibles fósiles a los minerales de la transición
Authors: Merino García Pedro Antonio , Martínez Pérez José María
Published: June 2024

Este artículo explora cómo en el complejo tablero geopolítico actual, la seguridad económica y energética se ha vuelto un objetivo prioritario. También muestra cómo la transición energética reduce la dependencia de combustibles fósiles, pero crea nuevas vulnerabilidades al aumentar la demanda de minerales críticos, sobre todo refinados y purificados, reconfigurando actores y dinámicas geopolíticas. El actual dominio de China en estos materiales plantea desafíos cruciales. En respuesta, los países occidentales buscan estrategias para reconfigurar las cadenas de suministro y atraer nueva inversión, pero estos intentos chocan con la dificultad y los costes de reducir la dependencia de China, surgiendo una serie de dilemas, como el que se enfrenta en cuanto al deseo de desacoplamiento con China y la necesidad de avanzar rápidamente en la transición energética.
Tecnología y geopolítica: sobre una teoría del cambio en las relaciones internacionales
Authors: Blázquez Navarro Irene
Published: June 2024

El avance tecnológico es el principal vector de cambio actual. Impacta en la propia concepción de la subjetividad internacional, la naturaleza y el equilibrio de poder en una carrera por la supremacía tecnológica, define los presupuestos de prosperidad de las sociedades e incluso muta el concepto de humanidad. La tecnología es el paradigma del cambio de las relaciones internacionales y la seguridad global. Bajo esta premisa, se aborda el estado de evolución de esta tendencia en un contexto de «desglobalización», se pone el foco en el ensayo de autonomía estratégica (tecnológica y abierta) europea y se reflexiona sobre la agenda de la gobernanza global de la tecnología, así como las estrategias de diplomacia tecnológica que adoptan Estados y organizaciones al efecto y cuanto subyace a esta agenda, la tensión tecno-democracia versus tecno-autoritarismo.
Gender Differences in the Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Risks Among Working-age Population in Malaysia
Authors: Awaluddin S Maria , Shawaluddin Noor Syaqilah , Tuan Lah Tuan Mohd Amin , Saminathan Thamil Arasu , Nasaruddin Nurhamizah , Alias Nazirah , Lim Kuang Kuay
Published: June 2024

This article aims to determine the gender differences in the common CVD risk prevalence among the working-age population in Malaysia. A national survey was conducted in 2019 using a validated questionnaire and several clinical measurements. The prevalence of eight CVD risks and the prevalence of more than three CVD risks by gender were calculated via a complex sample design using IBM SPSS version 25. Females were noted to have a significantly higher prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (40.3% versus 29.0%; p<0.001), abdominal obesity (62.5% versus 39.8%; p<0.001), BMI of 25 kg/m2 and above (55.1% versus 45.9%; p<0.001) and physically inactivity (25.4% versus 18.6%; p<0.001) compared to males. In contrast, males significantly showed a higher prevalence of current smokers (45.3% versus 1.3%; p<0.001) and current drinkers (18.2 versus 7.1%; p<0.001) compared to females. For diabetes mellitus and hypertension, males and females had nearly similar prevalences and were statistically insignificant (14.4% versus 14.9%; p=0.579 and 24.2% versus 22.1%; p=0.112, respectively). The prevalence of those with more than three CVD risks was significantly higher among males compared to females (7.4% versus 4.7%; p<0.001). Gender differences were observed in the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, abdominal obesity, BMI of 25 kg/m2 and above, physical inactivity, current tobacco smoker and current drinker among working-age population in Malaysia.
Où est maman ? Paysages de l’absence dans deux albums jeunesse illustrés
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Silva Ochoa Haydée
Published: June 2024

La figure de la mère est récurrente dans la littérature, et a fortiori dans la littérature de jeunesse. En envisageant sous un prisme anthropologique, psychanalytique et littéraire deux albums illustrés à la fois très semblables et très différents —Piggybook (Browne, 1986) et Where’s Our Mama ? (Goode, 1991)— construits autour du thème de la mère absente et donc du rôle de la défaillance maternelle dans la construction de l’expérience, nous interrogeons ici les divers artifices dans ces textes destinés aux enfants. Nous explorons notamment la manière dont la littérature de jeunesse semble être passée de l’effet-personnage de persuasion aux effets de prétexte, de séduction et de tentation.
The Alliance Negotiation Scale – Therapist Version: Psychometric properties in a sample of Portuguese psychologists
Authors: Nunes da Silva Ana Catarina , Matos Marta , Carvalho Helena
Published: June 2024

Background

The transtheoretical conceptualization of the working alliance and the resultant evaluation tools often overestimate the collaboration between therapist and client, while neglecting the negotiation process. The degree to which therapists and clients can negotiate disagreements regarding goals and tasks is an important indicator in establishing and maintaining the alliance. Even though the negotiation concept is not new, there is still a lack of reliable and parsimonious self-report measures of the construct. The purpose of this study was to translate, execute the cultural adaptation and, also, to perform a preliminary psychometric analysis of the Portuguese form of the therapist version of the Alliance Negotiation Scale (ANS-T_Pt).

Method

Data were collected online from 100 Portuguese psychologists. Two random sub-samples were used to conduct both exploratory factorial analysis and confirmatory factorial analysis. Convergent validity was assessed through comparison with the Portuguese version of the Working Alliance Inventory.

Results

The ANS-T_Pt showed a one-factorial structure, consistent with previous versions, and demonstrated adequate internal consistency. Evidence supporting criterion-related validity was found based on the correlations between ANS-T_Pt and WAI-T scores. The results showed moderate to large associations between the instruments. These results support the usefulness of the scale, construct’s relevance and its transtheoretical nature.

Conclusion

These results are a step forward for Portuguese therapists’ and researchers’ ability to evaluate the bond between client and therapist and to compare results from different countries.
Worry postponement from the metacognitive perspective: A randomized waitlist-controlled trial
Authors: Krzikalla Clara , Buhlmann Ulrike , Schug Janina , Kopei Ina , Gerlach Alexander L. , Doebler Philipp , Morina Nexhmedin , Andor Tanja
Published: June 2024

Background

Pathological worry is associated with appraisals of worrying as uncontrollable. Worry postponement (WP) with a stimulus control rationale appears to be effective in non-clinical samples. However, preliminary research in participants with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) does not support its efficacy in reducing negative metacognitions or worry. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of WP with a metacognitive rationale.

Method

Participants with GAD (n = 47) or hypochondriasis (HYP; n = 35) were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (IG) or waitlist (WL). The IG received a two-session long WP intervention aiming at mainly reducing negative metacognitions concerning uncontrollability of worrying. Participants were instructed to postpone their worry process to a predetermined later time during the six days between the two sessions. Participants completed questionnaires of negative metacognitions and worry at pre-assessment, post-assessment, and follow-up.

Results

We observed a significant Time*Group interaction for negative metacognitions and worry. Post-hoc analyses on the total sample and separately for GAD and HYP revealed significantly lower worry scores in the treated GAD sample compared to the WL, representing the only significant effect. In the GAD group, pre-post-effect sizes were small for negative metacognitions and large for worry. Effects persisted to a four-week follow-up.

Conclusion

WP with a metacognitive rationale seems to be effective in reducing worry in participants with GAD. The effectiveness for HYP seems limited, possibly due to the small sample size.
Effect of cultural adaptation of a smartphone-based self-help programme on its acceptability and efficacy: Randomized controlled trial
Authors: Heim Eva , Burchert Sebastian , Shala Mirëlinda , Hoxha Anna , Kaufmann Marco , Cerga Pashoja Arlinda , Morina Naser , Schaub Michael P. , Knaevelsrud Christine , Maercker Andreas
Published: June 2024

Background

Research on cultural adaptation of psychological interventions indicates that a higher level of adaptation is associated with a higher effect size of the intervention. However, direct comparisons of different levels of adaptations are scarce.

Aims

This study used a smartphone-based self-help programme called Step-by-Step (Albanian: Hap-pas-Hapi) for the treatment of psychological distress among Albanian-speaking immigrants in Switzerland and Germany. Two levels of cultural adaptation (i.e., surface vs. deep structure adaptation) were compared. We hypothesised that the deep structure adaptation would enhance the acceptance and efficacy of the intervention.

Method

We conducted a two-arm, single-blind randomised controlled trial. Inclusion criteria were good command of the Albanian language, age above 18, and elevated psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale score above 15). Primary outcome measures were the total score of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist and the number of participants who completed at least three (out of five) sessions. Secondary outcomes were global functioning, well-being, post-traumatic stress, and self-defined problems.

Results

Two-hundred-twenty-two participants were included, of which 18 (8%) completed the post-assessments. The number of participants who completed the third session was equal in both conditions, with N = 5 (5%) and N = 6 (6%) respectively.

Discussion

Drop-out rates were high in both conditions, and no group difference was found regarding the acceptance of the intervention. The high drop-out rate stands in contrast with other trials testing Step-by-Step. Future research should examine cultural factors impacting recruitment strategies, as insights could help to reduce participant drop-out rates in clinical trials.
Chocolate and chocolate constituents influence bone health and osteoporosis risk
Authors: Seem Stephanie A. , Yuan Yvonne , Tou Janet C.
Published: June 2024

Bone loss resulting in increased risk for osteoporosis is a major health issue worldwide. Chocolate is a rich source of antioxidant and antiinflammatory flavonoids and dietary minerals with the potential to benefit bone health. However, other chocolate constituents such as cocoa butter, sugar, and methylxanthines may be detrimental to bone. Human studies investigating the role of chocolate consumption on serum bone markers and bone mineral density (BMD) have been inconsistent. A contributing factor is likely the different composition and thereby the nutrient and bioactive content among chocolate types. White and milk chocolate are high in sugar and low in flavonoids and most minerals. Dark chocolate (45-85% cocoa solids) is high in flavonoids, most minerals, and low in sugar with ≥70% cocoa solids resulting in higher fat and methylxanthine content. The aim of this review was to examine the relationship between chocolate consumption and its constiuents, including flavonoid content, on bone health and osteoporosis risk. Studies showed postmenopausal women had no bone effects at moderate chocolate intakes, whereas adolescents consuming chocolate had greater longitudinal bone growth. Based on flavonoid and mineral content, unsweetened cocoa powder appeared to be the best option followed by dark chocolate with higher cocoa content in terms of supporting and preserving bone health. Determining dietary recommendations for chocolate consumption relative to bone health is important because of the growing popularity of chocolate, particularly dark chocolate, and an expected increase in consumption owing to suggestions of health benefits against various degenerative diseases.
Mycosporine-like amino acid composition of the edible red alga, Palmaria palmata (dulse) harvested from the west and east coasts of Grand Manan Island, New Brunswick
Authors: Yuan Yvonne , Westcott Neil D. , Hu Chun , Kitts David D.
Published: June 2024

The oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), antiproliferative activities and mycosporine-like amino acid (MAA) profiles of methanol extracts from two grades of dulse harvested from locations varying in UV-exposure (west vs east coasts of Grand Manan Island, NB) were determined in the present study. MAAs confirmed by LC/MS in both grades 1 (low-UV) and 2 (high-UV) dulse were palythine, shinorine, asterina-330, palythinol and porphyra-334; usujirene was present only in grade 2 dulse. ORAC values of grade 1 and 2 dulse extracts were 36.42 and 38.78 μmol Trolox/g extract. B16-F1 murine skin melanoma cell proliferation was inhibited (p < .05) by 68.5% and 91.9% by grade 1 and 2 dulse extracts at 6.0 mg/mL. The antiproliferative efficacy of grade 2 dulse was greater (p < .05) than grade 1 from 0.375 to 6.0 mg/mL. MAA differences between the grade 1 and 2 dulse extracts likely influenced the antiproliferative efficacies, despite the similar ORAC values.
Antioxidant activity of dulse (Palmaria palmata) extract evaluated in vitro
Authors: Yuan Yvonne , Bone Dawn E. , Carrington Meshell F
Published: June 2024

Palmaria palmata (dulse) is traditionally consumed as a snack food and garnish; but, little is known about its potential as a source of antioxidants. A 1-butanol soluble fraction extracted from dulse exhibited OH scavenging activity ± EDTA (non-site and site specific activity) in a deoxyribose assay. EC50 concentrations of dulse extract to quench DPPH and ABTS+ free radicals were 12.5 and 29.5 mg/ml. Dulse extract inhibited (p < 0.05) conjugated diene production in a linoleic acid emulsion at 24, 48 and 52 h, 38 °C; and inhibited (p = 0.044) thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) production at 52 h. One milligram dulse extract exhibited reducing activity = 9.68 μg l-ascorbic acid and total polyphenol content = 10.3 μg gallic acid; the dulse extract did not chelate transition metal ions. The antioxidant activity of the dulse extract was associated with aqueous/alcohol-soluble compounds characterized by phenolic functional groups with reducing activity.
Effect of casein, casein phosphopeptides and calcium intake on ileal 45Ca disappearance and temporal systolic blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Authors: Kitts David D. , Yuan Yvonne , Nagasawa Takeshi , Moriyama Y
Published: June 2024

Paracellular 45Ca absorption and temporal systolic blood pressure (SBP) measurements were recorded in spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats fed on casein (C) and soya-bean-protein isolate (S) diets, containing 20 (H), 5 (H) and 0.5 (L) g Ca/kg. Similar measurements were also taken in SHR rats only fed on C-M and S-M diets supplemented with 30 g caseinophosphopeptides (CPP)/kg. Absorption of 45Ca from the ileal loop was equivalent in both SHR and WKY animals and largely affected by the level of dietary Ca. In addition, animals fed on C diets exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) greater ileal absorption of 45Ca compared with S-fed animals. This result was attributed to the presence of CPP and a greater (P < 0.05) proportion of soluble 45Ca in the contents of the ileum. Animals fed on S diets supplemented with CPP confirmed this finding. The SBP of SHR rats was higher (P < 0.01) than WKY controls after 9-10 weeks of age. The temporal pattern of observed hypertension was independent of dietary influence in the SHR. The severity of hypertension in SHR rats was affected only by dietary Ca deficiency, and not by Ca supplementation or CPP enhancement of Ca bioavailability. These findings suggest that tryptic digestion products of casein in milk can enhance Ca bioavailability by increasing Ca solubility; however, this action had no effect in reducing hypertension in SHR.
Effect of dietary calcium intake and protein source on calcium utilization and bone biomechanics in the spontaneously hypertensive rat
Authors: Yuan Yvonne , Kitts David D.
Published: June 2024

The effects of dietary calcium level and protein source on in situ paracellular Ca absorption, and subsequent Ca utilization for bone mineralization and biomechanical strength were examined in spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats fed 20% casein and soy protein isolate diets containing different levels of calcium (2.0, 0.5 and 0.05% wt/wt). Rats were meal fed for 10 weeks after which calcium absorption was measured by the disappearance of 45Ca from the ligated ileal loop. Femoral deposition of 45Ca, and femur and tibia mineral composition were also examined. Calcium utilization was estimated from femur and tibia biomechanical measurements. The greater (P < 0.05) bone mineralization observed in SHR compared to WKY in animals fed high and adequate Ca-containing diets was not attributable to the relative efficiencies of paracellular calcium absorption and had little effect on femur biomechanical force parameters. In both Ca replete SHR and WKY, the greater bone mineralization observed in casein-fed compared with soy-fed counterparts was reversed when animals were fed calcium deficient diets. Calcium absorption in situ was affected equally in both SHR and WKY (P < 0.05) by differences in dietary calcium intake as well as protein source. Similarly, in both animal strains, bone biomechanical strength parameters were correlated with bone mineralization, which in turn was influenced more by dietary calcium than protein source.
Milk product and constituent protein effects on plasma and hepatic lipids and systolic blood pressure of normotensive rats
Authors: Yuan Yvonne , Kitts David D.
Published: June 2024

The effects of diets containing casein (C), whey protein concentrate (W), skim milk protein concentrate (MPC), and yogurt powder (Y) on plasma total cholesterol, triacylglycerides and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), hepatic total lipids and cholesterol levels were studied in normotensive Wistar rats. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was recorded weekly from 6 to 10 weeks of age. Diet effects were compared to animals fed soy protein isolate (S) and rat chow (RC) diets. Animals were meal fed until 10 weeks of age, when blood and liver tissue samples were collected. All groups exhibited similar growth rates. Animals fed C, W, MPC and S diets exhibited similar plasma triacylglycerides and total cholesterol levels, which were higher (p ≤ 0·05) than in Y and RC animals. HDL-C was higher (p ≤ 0·05) in C, W and MPC fed animals, than those fed Y or RC. HDL-C in S fed animals only approached a significantly (p ≤ 0·07) lower amount compared to C, W and MPC fed animals. Hepatic total lipids and cholesterol were not significantly (p > 0·05) different between groups. The small changes in plasma lipids observed in animals fed dairy products had little effect on SBP in normotensive rats.
Plasma and lipoprotein lipid composition and hepatic antioxidant status in spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive (WKY) rats
Authors: Kitts David D. , Yuan Yvonne , Godin David V.
Published: June 2024

Plasma and lipoprotein lipid composition and endogenous hepatic antioxidant status were investigated in hypertensive, 14-week-old spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats fed a standard commercial rat chow. Total plasma calcium and magnesium concentrations were similar between both rat strains; however, systolic blood pressure in SHR was greater than in WKY at 13 weeks of age (197 +/- 12 vs. 132 +/- 14 mmHg; p < or = 0.05), confirming hypertension in SHR. Total plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations were lower (p < or = 0.05) in SHR compared with WKY. A lower (p < 0.05) HDL cholesterol level in SHR plasma resulted in a higher LDL to HDL cholesterol ratio compared with WKY counterparts. No significant differences in the relative proportion of HDL apolipoprotein A-I fraction were observed between SHR and WKY. Both SHR VLDL and HDL triacylglycerol fractions were lower (p < 0.05) in SHR than WKY. Analysis of liver antioxidant enzyme activities showed no differences in rat liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), but lower (p < 0.05) liver glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in SHR. However, liver glutathione (GSH) levels were similar in SHR and WKY counterparts. A possible compensatory effect to the oxidative status of SHR was suggested by the significant (p < 0.05) increase in both liver catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GSSG-Red) activities. Despite these results, in vitro oxidative challenge studies with H2O2 demonstrated a greater susceptibility of liver to GSH depletion in the SHR, although no parallel change in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) production was observed. The comparatively lower plasma cholesterol observed in hypertensive SHR paralleled specific differences in liver catalase and glutathione redox antioxidant enzyme activities.
Variations in dietary fats and cholesterol intake modify antioxidant status of SHR and WKY rats
Authors: Yuan Yvonne , Kitts David D. , Godin David V.
Published: June 2024

The effects of varying dietary fat saturation [butter (B), beef tallow (BT)] or polyunsaturation [(n-6) soybean oil (SBO), (n-3) menhaden oil (MO)] and cholesterol content (0.05 and 0.5 g/100 g) on systolic blood pressure (SBP), plasma lipids and tissue antioxidant status were investigated in 14-wk-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. Varying dietary fat composition for 9 wk had no influence on SBP in either SHR or WKY rats. Rats fed MO diets exhibited smaller (P < 0.05) body weight gains, lower (P < 0.05) feed efficiency ratios and lower (P < 0.05) plasma cholesterol concentrations than those fed the B, BT and SBO diets. Significant (P < 0.05) interactions for animal strain x cholesterol intake and animal strain x fat source were noted for serum cholesterol concentrations. SHR exhibited higher (P < 0.05) RBC and liver catalase (CAT), and heart and liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities similar to those of WKY rats. The lower (P <0.01) RBC, heart and liver glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities observed in SHR coincided with higher (P <0.01) glutathione reductase (GSSG-Red), compared with WKY rats. Dietary cholesterol intake had no effect on RBC, heart and liver total sulfhydryl concentration or GSH-Px activities, but increased (P <0. 001) liver GSSG-Red. Feeding MO resulted in lower (P <0.001) RBC and heart GSH-Px activities. In contrast, feeding B and BT resulted in lower GSH-Px in liver. The significant (P < 0.01) animal strain x fat source interaction obtained for liver GSH-Px activity indicated that SHR responded differently to polyunsaturated fatty acid feeding than their WKY counterparts. Diet-induced changes in tissue antioxidant status were tissue specific and did not affect the development of hypertension in SHR.
Antioxidant activity of the flaxseed lignan secoisolariciresinol diglycoside and its mammalian lignan metabolites enterodiol and enterolactone
Authors: Kitts David D. , Yuan Yvonne , Wijewickreme A. N. , Thompson Lilian U.
Published: June 2024

The antioxidant activities of the flaxseed lignan secoisolariciresinol diglycoside (SDG) and its mammalian lignan metabolites, enterodiol (ED) and enterolactone (EL), were evaluated in both lipid and aqueous in vitro model systems. All three lignans significantly (p ≤ 0.05) inhibited the linoleic acid peroxidation at both 10 and 100 microM over 24-48 hours of incubation at 40°C. In a deoxyribose assay, which evaluates the non site-specific and site-specific Fenton reactant-induced *OH scavenging activity, SDG demonstrated the weakest activity compared to ED and EL at both 10 and 100 microM; the greatest *OH scavenging for ED and EL was observed at 100 microM in both assays. The incubation of pBR322 plasmid DNA with Fenton reagents together with SDG, ED or EL showed that the inhibition of DNA scissions was concentration dependent. The greatest non site-specific activity of lignans was at 100 microM, thus confirming the results of the deoxyribose test. In contrast, the protective effect of SDG and EL in the site-specific assay was lost and that of ED was minimal. Therefore, the results indicate a structure-activity difference among the three lignans with respect to specific antioxidant efficacy. All three lignans did not exhibit reducing activity compared to ascorbic acid, therefore, did not possess indirect prooxidant activity related to potential changes in redox state of transition metals. The efficacy of SDG and particularly the mammalian lignans ED and EL to act as antioxidants in lipid and aqueous in vitro model systems, at relatively low concentrations (i.e., 100 microM), potentially achievable in vivo, is evidence of a potential anticarcinogenic mechanism of flaxseed lignan SDG and its mammalian metabolites ED and EL.
Phenological Patterns of Woody Plant Species in a Tropical Dry Forest, Bannerghatta National Park, Bengaluru
Authors: Sharma Balasubramanya , V G Akshaya , P Poorvashree , K H Vinaya , Begum Noorunissa , Saha Debabrata , S Suresh
Published: June 2024

Phenology is the study of the timing of recurring natural stages in the life cycle of an organism. These natural stages, such as the plant's reproductive cycles, are being affected by the changing climate. The current study aims to understand the effect of weather parameters on the phenology of dry forests in Bannerghatta National Park. Two transects with 504 reproductively mature individuals were monitored monthly for vegetative and reproductive phenologies. Different phenophases were scored as a percent of the canopy quantitatively. Weather parameters and soil moisture were estimated for each month. Data were analysed for the observed general pattern of phenology and the influence of climate on different phenophases. The intense phenological activity was observed during the dry season. Community-level leaf initiation and flower initiation were positively correlated with maximum temperature (rs = 0.524, p<0.05 for leaf initiation; rs = 0.586, p<0.05 for flower initiation) and sunshine hours (rs = 0.552, p<0.01 for leaf initiation; rs = 0.546, p<0.05 for flower initiation). Leaf and flower initiations were highly correlated and significant (rs=0.926, p<.001). Principal Component Analysis of weather parameters reveals that 88.5% of the variance is accounted for by the first three principal components. Principal component regression of the first three principal components and the phenophase intensities confirms a positive correlation with leaf initiation (multiple R = 0.716, p<0.01) and flower initiation (multiple R = 0.638, p<0.05). Our studies reaffirm that moisture-related factors are the major drivers of phenophase intensities, and changes in these factors could alter the timing of leafing, flowering, and fruiting.
Moderating Role of Board Composition on the Relationship between Environmental Disclosure and corporate performance of Nigerian manufacturing Quoted Companies
Authors: Gwar Stephen , A. Angahar Paul , Iorpev Luper
Published: June 2024

This study is to ascertain the moderating effect of board composition on the relationship between environmental disclosure and corporate performance. Secondary data collected from the published annual reports and accounts of the selected listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study made use of forty-five (45) manufacturing quoted on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) and covers a period of ten (10) years ranging from 2013-2022. Agency theory is used as the foundational theory. Descriptive statistics, correlation and regression techniques were used to analyze the data.  The findings of the study show that there is a significant effect of environmental disclosure on ROA of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study further revealed that board composition significantly moderates the relationship between environmental disclosure and financial performance of the sampled manufacturing companies listed on the NGX.  The study recommends for an effective/efficient board composition in companies which will lead to more robust environmental disclosures, thus have a significant effect on corporate performance of companies.
Serli Discovery Learning Dalam Mendukung Pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Siswa Berbasis Android
Authors: Putri Febrina Annisa , Ngemba Hajra Rasmita , Hendra Syaiful , Anshori Yusuf , Azizah Azizah
Published: June 2024

The development of information technology, have a positive impact on education by providing flexible learning support. The design and presentation of the learning tool significantly affect students' interest in learning. In the current technological era, students and teachers must consider the accessibility and mobility of learning media. The purpose of this research is to develop the SERLI Application, an android-based Natural Science learning module that can be accessed anywhere by students and teachers. The application development model used is the Hannafin & Peck Model, which consists of  needs analysis,  design  stages, and  implementation & development. The method for evaluating user satisfaction uses the End User Computing Satisfaction method. This method considers variables such as content, accuracy, display format, ease of use, and timeliness. The experts tested the SERLI Application, gave a 86.58% success rate. Student users and teachers also evaluated the application and achieved a 85% success rate. These results are very good. The implementation result of this research is an android-based learning application product that contains a science lesson module. In this application, there is an initial display, namely registration into the application, then the main display of the application which contains modules and practice questions, then the display for the teacher.
Sistem Layanan Ujian Psikotes SIM Menggunakan Computer Based Test Berbasis Website
Authors: Suryani Putri Fadiah , Ngemba Hajra Rasmita , Hendra Syaiful , Wirdayanti Wirdayanti
Published: June 2024

Psychometric tests are a crucial step in obtaining a Driver's License (SIM) that requires effective cooperation between the Traffic Unit (SATLANTAS), psychological institutions, and applicants. However, the psychometric test service often faces challenges due to lack of accuracy and difficulties in manual verification of test results by psychological facilities. To address this challenge, this research develops a web application to facilitate registration, conduct of psychological tests, and access to test results for applicants. This application also assists administrators in managing psychological test information and providing confirmation to applicants. The development process uses the waterfall SDLC method. In its development, testing uses 2 methods: blackbox and the Delone & Mclean method with a qualitative approach involving 47 respondents. Through this research, a SIM psychometric test service system is produced, consisting of account registration, admin and user login, and psychometric test execution pages. The resulting system, named SINAR-SIMPOLRI, can improve the effectiveness and efficiency of psychometric test services in Palu City, providing more efficient support for test participants and psychological facilities in conducting easier checks.
ВІЙСЬКОВЕ БУДІВНИЦТВО УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ДЕРЖАВНОСТІ Й ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ ВІЙСЬКОВОГО КАПЕЛАНСТВА У СУСПІЛЬНО-ЕТИЧНИХ ПОГЛЯДАХ ТА ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ МИТРОПОЛИТА АНДРЕЯ ШЕПТИЦЬКОГО (1865–1944)
Authors: ШЕРЕМЕТА Оксана
Published: June 2024

У статті розкривається зміст поглядів митрополита УГКЦ Андрея Шептицького на військові організації українського громадянського суспільства як складові націо­нального державотворення, розвинутих у межах його етичної системи, побудованої на засадах раннього неотомізму. Наведено приклади організованої митрополитом діяльності у сфері душпастирської опіки українських військових. Основними джерелами статті стали пастирське послання Андрея Шептицького «Як будувати Рідну Хату?» та спогади військових капеланів.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ТА ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ СИСТЕМИ УЗАГАЛЬНЕННЯ ТА ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ БОЙОВОГО ДОСВІДУ У ЗБРОЙНИХ СИЛАХ СРСР (1939–1945 рр.)
Authors: ЧЕРНИХ Ігор , КОРШОК Віктор , КАЙНАРАН Андрій
Published: June 2024

Під час повномасштабної війни, розпочатої російською федерацією проти України у лютому 2022 року, широкого застосування набули новітні зразки озброєння та військової техніки, засоби ураження, вперше в історії війн протиборчі сторони масовано використовували безпілотні авіаційні комплекси (безпілотні літальні апарати) та різноманітні дрони — повітряні, наземні, надводні, підводні, у тому числі ударні й дрони-камікадзе. Виникла нагальна необхідність вивчення, узагальнення та впровадження досвіду їх застосування, а також захисту від подібних засобів ураження противника. Незважаючи на наявність каналів комунікації, що сприяють швидкому обміну інформацією та досвідом між військовослужбовцями зокрема та підрозділами у цілому, існує нагальна необхідність створення у Збройних Силах України системи збору, узагальнення, вивчення бойового досвіду та впровадження його в діяльність військ (сил). Це, у свою чергу, потребує врахування історії попередніх війн і збройних конфліктів, зокрема Другої світової війни, на прикладі побудови системи узагальнення бойового досвіду і доведення його до військ у Червоній армії.
ПРОВІДНІ НАПРЯМИ ДОПОМОГИ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ДІАСПОРИ СИЛАМ ОБОРОНИ УКРАЇНИ ПІД ЧАС ПОВНОМАСШТАБНОГО ВТОРГНЕННЯ
Authors: ДРАМАРЕЦЬКИЙ Борис
Published: June 2024

Розвідка присвячена діяльності діаспори по наданню допомоги Силам оборони України під час повномасштабного російського вторгнення. Визначено, що лобіювання українських інтересів у попередній період (2014–2021 рр.) впливало на світову спільноту щодо підтримки українського народу та розуміння політичними лідерами провідних країн світу необхідності надавати військову допомогу напередодні 24 лютого 2022 року. Підкреслено, що у перший же день нападу діаспора провела пікетування російських посольств та масштабні акції на підтримку України. Важливим досягненням також стала протидія російській пропаганді у майже всіх країнах-членах НАТО і ЄС, а розголос про воєнні злочини росії сприяв розумінню громадянами іноземних країн причин та мотивів боротьби за незалежність і свободу українського народу. Характеризовано діяльність Світового Конгресу Українців, волонтерських фондів та окремих представників української діаспори по наданню військової допомоги залежно від поточних потреб Сил ТрО ЗС України. Наголошено, що чимало українців особисто приїхало з країн свого проживання, щоб протистояти російському агресору, ставши до лав Сил оборони. Зроблено висновок, що діаспора продемонструвала не лише успішну діяльність у протидії агресору, а й сприяє інтеграції до ЄС та НАТО та робить кроки на шляху повоєнної відбудови та притягнення до відповідальності воєнних злочинців.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ РАДЯНСЬКОЮ СПЕЦСЛУЖБОЮ РОЗВІДУВАЛЬНО-ДИВЕРСІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В ОКУПОВАНОМУ ГІТЛЕРІВЦЯМИ КИЄВІ (1941–1943 рр.)
Authors: ВЄДЄНЄЄВ Дмитро
Published: June 2024

У статті на основі архівних документів радянських спецслужб досліджується організація розвідувально-диверсійної роботи по лінії органів НКВС–НКДБ в окупованому гітлерівцями Києві у 1941–1943 роках. Висвітлюються організаційні трансформації та функції органу керівництва зафронтовою роботою в НКВС СРСР та УРСР. Дається характеристика контррозвідувально-поліцейським органам окупантів як фактору оперативної обстановки. Приділяється увага причинам провалів резидентур, висвітлюються факти важких зрад у лавах підпілля. Досліджуються такі чинники організації розвідувальної роботи, як підбір негласних помічників, їх соціально-професійний склад, підготовка агентури до зафронтової роботи, визначення завдань й легендування груп, формування резидентур, їх виведення до Києва, результат їх роботи. Окремо розглядається розвідувальна робота із вивчення гітлерівських установ інформаційно-психологічного протиборства у Києві та характер співробітництва з ними антирадянськи налаштованої інтелігенції.
РОЗВИТОК КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНИХ ТА ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНИХ ПОГЛЯДІВ НА ІНФОРМАЦІЙНЕ ПРОТИБОРСТВО У ЗБРОЙНИХ СИЛАХ США (1991 — ПОЧАТОК ХХІ ст.)
Authors: СЛЮСАРЕНКО Андрій
Published: June 2024

У статті на основі аналізу концептуальних документів США та спеціальної літератури досліджується еволюція концептуальних поглядів та настанов щодо ведення інформаційного протиборства. Аналізується стан наукової розробки проблеми у працях науковців сектору безпеки і оборони України. Розглядається роль інформаційно-психологічного чинника у застосуванні збройних сил США у низці локальних війн та конфліктів межі ХХ і ХХІ століть. Автор зосереджується на розвитку уявлень вищих органів військового управління збройних сил США про зміст і стратегічне призначення інформаційно-психологічного протиборства як перспективної складової сучасного військового мистецтва в умовах геополітичних змін у світі та в арсеналі військової справи на рубежі ХХ й ХХІ століть. Висвітлюється розвиток теоретичних поглядів на сутність феномена «інформаційної війни», зміст її новітніх відгалужень, на кшталт «ментальної» або «поведінкових» війн.
Persepsi Pengundi Muda Terhadap Memes Politik, Undi18 dan Isu-isu 3R pasca Pilihan Raya Umum 15
Authors: Mohd Nizah Mohd Azmir , Abu Bakar Afi Roshezry
Published: June 2024

Abstrak: Ikhtiar Malaysia Madani hasil idea PMX adalah merupakan satu lagi hasrat pengukuhan pembinaan negara bangsa Malaysia. Konsep ini memberikan penumpuan kepada tadbir urus yang baik, pembangunan mapan dan juga keharmonian masyarakat majmuk di negara ini. Namun Malaysia Madani ini akan hanya tinggal sebagai retorik politik semata-mata jika politik memes yang negatif, manipulasi ke atas Undi 18 dan isu berkaitan 3R tidak dapat dikawal dengan baik oleh pihak kerajaan. Dengan penggunaan media sosial sebagai medium perantaraan, pengundi muda adalah merupakan taruhan terbaik parti-parti politik menyebarkan politik propaganda mereka. Ia menjadi semakin parah apabila ketiga-tiga faktor yang disebut kerap dimainkan oleh pihak-pihak yang tidak bertanggungjawab semasa pilihan raya. Makalah ini secara kolektif akan melihat persepsi pengundi muda terhadap ketiga-tiga faktor tersebut berdasarkan pasca PRU 15 dan PRN 2023. Menggunakan rekabentuk kajian kuantitatif, soal selidik secara rentas digunakan terhadap 400 orang responden berumur 18 sehingga 25 tahun. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa persepsi pengundi muda terhadap memes politik adalah sederhana positif, manakala persepsi terhadap Undi 18 adalah positif yang tinggi, dan persepsi terhadap isu-isu 3R adalah negatif. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahawa ketiga-tiga dimensi yang dikaji ini mempunyai magnitudnya yang tersendiri. Malah adalah tidak dapat dinafikan bahawa ia merupakan antara cabaran getir yang perlu diberi perhatian yang serius oleh kerajaan dalam pengukuhan agenda Malaysia Madani. 
 
Abstract: Malaysia Madani, the idea of PMX is another intention to strengthen Malaysia’s nation-building. This concept focuses on good governance, sustainable development, and the harmony of the plural society in the country.  However, Malaysia Madani will only remain as political rhetoric if the politics negative of memes, manipulation of the Undi 18 and issues related to 3R cannot be controlled adequately by the government. With social media as an intermediate medium, young voters are the best bets for political parties to spread their propaganda politics. It worsens when unscrupulous parties regularly play all three so-called factors during elections. This article will collectively look at young voters’ perception of all three factors based on the post-GE 15 and the recent PRN 2023. Using the quantitative study design, the cross-examination was used on 400 respondents aged 18 to 25. The findings found that young voters’ perception of political memes was moderately positive, perception of Undi 18 were positive, while perceptions of 3R issues were negative. As conclusion, these three dimensions studied have their own magnitude. In fact, it is undeniable that it is one of the challenges that the government must face in the strengthening of Malaysia Madani.
Pengharmonian Etika, Falsafah, dan Islam dalam Khazanah Sunan Kalijaga
Authors: Rozaki Abdur
Published: June 2024

Abstrak: Tulisan ini merupakan satu usaha untuk mengharmonikan antara etika, falsafah, dan aspek-aspek tertentu dalam ajaran Islam melalui khazanah Sunan Kalijaga. Hal ini dilakukan dengan menjalankan kajian ke atas Serat Lokajaya, sebuah teks yang telah diterbitkan pada abad ke-19 M yang menceritakan tentang perjalanan hidup Sunan Kalijaga atau Syeh Melaya. Serat Lokajaya merupakan sebuah teks terbitan semula dari koleksi teks-teks sebelumnya yang lebih awal. Selain kajian berasaskan artifak, pengharmonian ketiga-ketiga aspek (etika, falsafah dan ajaran Islam) tersebut akan dilihat juga dalam aspek lain seperti manifestasi seni budaya berupa mocopat atau puisi tradisional Jawa yang dipercayai adalah gubahan Sunan Kalijaga serta warisan tradisi hidup Sunan Kalijaga seperti pementasan wayang kulit. Sunan Kalijaga merupakan tokoh penting dalam pembentukan identiti Jawa-Islam hari ini. Salah satu ciri yang ditunjukkan oleh warisannya yang masih kelihatan hingga kini adalah prinsip pengharmonian dalam aspek falsafah dan etika dengan ajaran-ajaran Islam.
 
Abstract: This paper seeks to explore the harmony between ethics, philosophy, and certain aspects of Islamic teachings through the heritage of Sunan Kalijaga. In particular, it is conducted by studying Serat Lokajaya, a 19th Century text on the life and journey of Sunan Kalijaga or Syeh Melaya, which is a reproduction of the older texts. In addition to artifact based investigations, harmonization in these aspects would also be examined in other manifestations, such as the art and cultural manifestation of the mocopat (folk Javanese poem), which is culturally believed to have been composed by Sunan Kalijaga. It also investigates the so-called living tradition of Sunan Kalijaga’s legacy today, in the form of wayang kulit (traditional Javanese shadow play) performances. Indeed, Sunan Kalijaga is an important figure in the formation of Javanese-Islamic identity. One of the characteristics shown by his legacy that is still felt today is the principle of harmonization in the realm of philosophy and ethics with that of Islamic teachings.
A queda de Barcelona, o anticomunismo e o exílio no romance Longa Pétala de Mar de Isabel Allende
Authors: Lopes Petean Antônio Carlos
Published: June 2024

O livro de Isabel Allende Longa pétala de mar, um romance histórico, oferece ao leitor um interessante panorama do final da guerra civil espanhola e o consequente exílio no Chile. Ao tratar da fuga de Barcelona e da relutância dos países democráticos diante da massa de refugiados espanhóis, a autora traz à tona o drama dos combatentes antifascistas espanhóis que se defrontaram com o anticomunismo muito além da Espanha. Na primeira parte do romance, os moradores da cidade de Barcelona, último baluarte dos defensores da república e da resistência ao fascismo espanhol, pressentem a derrota e sabem o que as mulheres da resistência sofreriam nas mãos das tropas mouras que lutam ao lado dos franquistas. Na segunda parte, o romance aborda o exílio no Chile e a ascensão da extrema direita chilena. Por isso essa obra nos permite pensar a literatura como fonte de conhecimento histórico.
Palavras-chave: Fascismo. Memória. Exílio.
Projeto de vida na formação de estudantes do ensino médio no contexto da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e de documentos oficiais da rede estadual de ensino do Maranhão
Authors: Miranda Baima Girlene , Dos Santos Costa Manoel
Published: June 2024

As discussões sobre projeto de vida dos estudantes chegaram às escolas brasileiras em meados de 2012, por meio do programa de Educação em Tempo Integral, desde então, documentos oficiais vêm sugerindo às instituições escolares que contribuam com o esboço do projeto dos estudantes, buscando estabelecer uma conexão não somente dos seus anseios em relação ao seu futuro, mas também em relação a sua formação acadêmica. Assim, o presente estudo tem por objetivo fazer uma reflexão acerca das orientações da BNCC no que tange ao projeto de vida dos jovens que estão cursando o Ensino Médio. Para isso, realizamos uma pesquisa  bibliográfica de abordagem qualitativa, cujo arcabouço de análise foi o documental. O projeto de vida, de acordo com o estudo, faz parte da metodologia de êxito nas instituições de ensino, visando a uma reflexão sobre o que cada educando quer para o seu futuro e o planejamento de ações para construí-lo, a partir de três pilares: o pessoal, o social e o profissional.
Palavras-chave: BNCC. Documentos Oficiais. Projeto de Vida. Ensino Médio.
Esboço de uma das Histórias Possíveis do Carnaval Brasileiro
Authors: De Castro Costa Andréa , Souza Neto Arlindo
Published: June 2024

Entrudo, folguedo, folia, mascarada, troça e festa momesca, são algumas variações de nomes que utilizamos para nos referir a uma festa mundialmente conhecida e comemorada: o Carnaval. Após percorrer um longo trajeto, desde a Antiguidade, passando pelo período medieval europeu, atravessando temporalidades e oceanos até chegar na América, mais precisamente no Brasil, o carnaval se tornou uma das comemorações mais importantes e simbólicas do ano. Muitas transformações aconteceram (e ainda acontecem), fazendo com que a festa se adeque às diferentes temporalidades e localidades. De início era uma prática entre famílias, mas ganhou novas características, tornando-se uma festa de rua, considerada pela igreja católica como profana. Neste ensaio destacamos o caráter elitista da origem do Carnaval no Brasil e seu papel enquanto elemento que reproduz as hierarquias sociais, mas também, como um elemento disruptivo, mostrando-se como uma festa que também privilegia as culturas populares. Em suma, propomos uma breve apresentação histórica (das possíveis) do Carnaval no Brasil.
Palavras-chave: Carnaval. Brasil. Festas. Cultura. Sociedade.