bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phosphate Restriction Prevents Metabolic Acidosis and Curbs Rise in FGF23 and Mortality in Murine Folic Acid–Induced AKI
Authors: Hamid Ahmad Kamal , Pastor Arroyo Eva Maria , Calvet Charlotte , Hewitson Timothy D. , Muscalu Maria Lavinia , Schnitzbauer Udo , Smith Edward R. , Wagner Carsten Alexander , Egli-Spichtig Daniela
Published: January 2024

Significance Statement

Patients with AKI suffer a staggering mortality rate of approximately 30%. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and phosphate (Pi) rise rapidly after the onset of AKI and have both been independently associated with ensuing morbidity and mortality. This study demonstrates that dietary Pi restriction markedly diminished the early rise in plasma FGF23 and prevented the rise in plasma Pi, parathyroid hormone, and calcitriol in mice with folic acid–induced AKI (FA-AKI). Furthermore, the study provides evidence for Pi-sensitive osseous Fgf23 mRNA expression and reveals that Pi restriction mitigated calciprotein particles (CPPs) formation, inflammation, acidosis, cardiac electrical disturbances, and mortality in mice with FA-AKI. These findings suggest that Pi restriction may have a prophylactic potential in patients at risk for AKI.

Background

In AKI, plasma FGF23 and Pi rise rapidly and are independently associated with disease severity and outcome.

Methods

The effects of normal (NP) and low (LP) dietary Pi were investigated in mice with FA-AKI after 3, 24, and 48 hours and 14 days.

Results

After 24 hours of AKI, the LP diet curbed the rise in plasma FGF23 and prevented that of parathyroid hormone and calcitriol as well as of osseous but not splenic or thymic Fgf23 mRNA expression. The absence of Pth prevented the rise in calcitriol and reduced the elevation of FGF23 in FA-AKI with the NP diet. Furthermore, the LP diet attenuated the rise in renal and plasma IL-6 and mitigated the decline in renal α-Klotho. After 48 hours, the LP diet further dampened renal IL-6 expression and resulted in lower urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. In addition, the LP diet prevented the increased formation of CPPs. Fourteen days after AKI induction, the LP diet group maintained less elevated plasma FGF23 levels and had greater survival than the NP diet group. This was associated with prevention of metabolic acidosis, hypocalcemia, hyperkalemia, and cardiac electrical disturbances.

Conclusions

This study reveals Pi-sensitive FGF23 expression in the bone but not in the thymus or spleen in FA-AKI and demonstrates that Pi restriction mitigates CPP formation, inflammation, acidosis, and mortality in this model. These results suggest that dietary Pi restriction could have prophylactic potential in patients at risk for AKI.
Bacteriology of chicken meat samples from Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Anup Subedee , Namuna Paude
Published: January 2024

Many food-borne diseases are associated with the consumption of chicken meat and thus are of public health significance worldwide. A cross-sectional study was done to isolate, identify, and characterize bacteria from chicken meat samples of Bharatpur, Chitwan. A total of 102 samples were randomly collected and processed at the Microbiology laboratory of Birendra Multiple Campus, Chitwan for three months (May-July 2016). One gram of each sample was crushed on 9 ml distilled water in a sterile mortar pestle followed by serial dilution and inoculation of 0.1 ml sample into suitable culture media and incubated at 37 оC for 24 hours. Identification of the isolates was done by microscopic examination and biochemical tests and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates was determined by the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Out of 102 meat samples, the growth positivity rate was 94.0% (n = 96/102) on all of the culture media. 26/48 fresh and 44/54 frozen samples gave positive growth with 36 isolates from fresh and 60 isolates from frozen meat samples, with the occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus 26(27.08%), Pseudomonas spp 6(6.25%), Proteus spp 4(4.16%), Escherichia coli 22(22.91%), Salmonella spp 16(16.66%), Citrobacter spp 8(8.33), Acinetobacter spp 8(8.33%), Streptococcus spp 2(2.08%), Shigella spp 4(4.16%) and Vibrio spp 2(2.08%). Cefalexin (92.85%) was the most effective antibiotic against Gram-positive bacteria followed by Amoxicillin (71.42%) and Methicillin (64.28%). The least effective antibiotic was Ampicillin (50%). Similarly, Gentamicin (76.47%) followed by Nalidixic acid (41.47%) were effective against Gram-negative bacteria, while some showed resistance to all three classes of drugs exhibiting MDR.
LAW ART
Authors: Ferrante Riccardo
Published: January 2024

L’articolo intende sottolineare come i temi legati alla legge e alla giustizia, nell’ambito della musica popolare, siano ben presenti nel blues. Questi temi si ripresentano nel rock’n’roll, che d’altronde ha le sue radici proprio nel country, nel folk e nel rhytm’n’blues. Si segue in particolare lo sviluppo del ‘classico’ I Fought the Law, composta originariamente nel 1957 e con succes­sive riproposizioni fino ad oggi.
Culture of human epithelial cells (skin, cornea, thymus) on 3T3J2 feeder layer cells v2
Authors: Giuseppe Manti Pierluigi
Published: January 2024

This document is of vital importance for scientists attempting the culture of humankeratinocytes derived from skin, cornea, thymus, esophagus etc. Please strictly adhereto the guidelines shared. Note that 3T3NIH ARE NOT the same as 3T3J2, whichare way more efficient in sustaining keratinocyte culture.
Rat organotypic cultures for AAV-mediated vital labeling of the extracellular matrix v2
Authors: N. Soria Federico , Fernandez-Ballester Mario
Published: January 2024

In this protocol we describe the preparation and maintenance of rat organotypic cultures (cortico-striatal) for AAV-infection and imaging of the extracellular matrix. The AAV, in this case, induces the expression of a exportable hyaluronan-binding protein (the HA-biding domain of Neurocan) fused with GFP, that allows vital labeling (and hence live imaging) of the extracellular matrix. The organotypic cultures can be maintained for several weeks, allowing for repeated imaging and longitudinal studies.
Immunocapture of virion from body fluids v1
Authors: A. Johnson Jeffrey , Sabour Sarah
Published: January 2024

Procedure for immunocapturing HIV virions from blood and seminal plasma, cerebral spinal fluid, and cell culture supernatant by monoclonal antibody-targeting source cell markers in virion envelopes.
Protocol for eDNA extraction within STERIVEX capsule based on Spens et al. 2017 v1
Authors: not provided delphine.vanhaecke
Published: January 2024

This protocol for eDNA extraction from STERIVEX filters within the capsule is modified from the protocol published by Spens et al. 2017. (DOI:10.1111/2041-210X.12683) based on the DNeasy‱ blood & tissue kit(QIAGEN, Stockach, Germany) handbook pp.28-30, ver. 07/2006 (Qiagen‱). This protocol has given us the highest concentrations of eDNA, quantified by QUBIT, from freshwater samples in Chilean Patagonia, compared to other tested protocols.
Protocol for bioequivalence analysis in studies with two treatments (design 2x2x2, 2x3x3 and 2x2x4) using the R Studio software v1
Authors: do Prado Assunção Leandro
Published: January 2024

Research and development (R&D) of new drugs is a complex process that requires high financial investments and involves risk of failure and a long time. When the pharmaceutical industry discovers a new active compounds, it is inherent that this innovative drug is produced and marketed, for a few years, only by said laboratory. Only after the end of the patent period is that the formula of such a drug is shared with other laboratories that have an interest in creating generic formulas of this active compounds. However, before the production of the generic it is necessary to verify the biological equivalence (in vitro e in vivo) of the generic drug (test) with the reference drug. This comparative study, which aims to verify whether a drug test is the therapeutic equivalent of the reference drug, is called bioequivalence. A drug test is considered generic or similar when it presents a pharmacokinetic profile similar to the reference drug. This process appears to be simple, but it is not and there are equivalence standards that need to be followed for the drug to be approved as bioequivalent. These standards are defined by regulatory agencies distributed around the world. In the United States, for example, the regulatory agency is the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In Europe, the regulatory agency is the European Medicines Agency (EMA). In Brazil, the Agencia Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA) is responsible for ensuring the bioequivalence of drugs, in addition to ensuring that they are produced using good manufacturing practices. These bioequivalence studies involve a multidisciplinary team that includes doctors, nurses, biomedical, biologists, biotechnologists, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, statistics, among others. The statistical analysis team, in particular, is responsible for the planning and design of the study, as well as the performance of data analysis and pointing out its interpretations. These statistical analyses are performed from software that is not free and requires license renewal. On the other hand, RStudio is free software and has been widely used for various types of statistical analysis. Here, we have created a practical and basic guide to help you calculate, using the RStudio software, the parameters Cmáx, AUC e Tmáx that are necessary for bioequivalence analysis. In addition, we provide the algorithms for the development of bioequivalence analysis for two treatment with the calculation of geometric means, ratio, confidence interval 90%, intra-subject CV, inter-subject CV, power TOST and analysis of variability (CVwr e CVwt). It is important to note that the algorithms presented here were developed from libraries already available for free in the RStudio software and their references were informed. We believe that the availability of these algorithms can contribute to further bioequivalence studies and thus stimulate the generation of knowledge in relation to pharmacokinetic parameters.
Molecular mechanisms of colorectal cancer formation and their significance (literature review)
Authors: Navruzov S. N. , Navruzov B. S. , Rakhmonov S. T. , Khakimov A. M. , Kulmiev E. E. , Choriev Kh. Kh. , Alieva D. A.
Published: January 2024

Colorectal cancer remains an urgent problem of oncological proctology and requires active efforts to study risk factors, mechanisms for the formulation and search for genetic components that play a key role in determining the prognosis of the disease. This article analyzes the molecular mechanisms of colorectal cancer formation, factors of transformation of adenoma formation, pathogenesis and molecular nature of CRC. Subtypes based on transcription signatures allow for better refinement and provide insight into the development of subtype-specific treatment methods, which, in turn, can contribute to more effective treatment of this disease.
Role of Research Data Repositories and Open Data Sharing with Specific Reference to Open Science Framework (OSF)
Authors: Pradhan Pallab , Zala Lavji N.
Published: January 2024

In the world of research and academia, in the current era of data-driven research, the availability and accessibility of research data have become crucial for scientific research, collaboration and advancement. Consequently, sharing of data is becoming a more crucial aspect of fostering open science and reproducible research. The practice of research data sharing not only enables transparency in research and collaboration but also allows other researchers to build upon existing work to reproduce research, accelerating the pace of scientific discovery. Various research data repositories have emerged to facilitate this process, providing a platform for researchers to deposit and access research data. And, research data repositories, specifically generalist research data repositories, have become vital platforms facilitating the storage, management, and sharing of research data across various disciplines. One such prominent research data repository is the Open Science Framework (OSF), which has gained prominence as a powerful and versatile platform for its comprehensive set of features and commitment to open science and collaborative research practices. This article examines the concept of research data repositories and their features and functions. Further, it sheds light on the NIH’s GREI initiative and the role of Generalist Research Data Repositories (GRDR) and explores the Open Science Framework (OSF) with its key features and advantages with an emphasis on reproducible research and data sharing.
Intelligence as a Factor of Firm’s Activity: Empirical Research
Authors:   Central Economics and Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, State University of Management, Kleiner George B. , Rybachuk Maxim A. ,   Central Economics and Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, State University of Managemen, Zhdanov Dmitriy A. ,   Central Economics and Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: January 2024

This paper is devoted to studying Russian enterprises’ human capital and intellectual potential, as well as the characteristics of a company’s intelligence as a production factor and its interaction with the company’s mental abilities and material resources. Our study focuses on domestic enterprises whose activities are determined by the volume and efficiency of using their intellectual resources and abilities. The information basis of the study is the results of the management of domestic companies’ remote survey, “Human capital and intellectual potential of Russian enterprises”, conducted in 2020–2022. The main result of the work was a qualitative and quantitative empirical assessment of intelligence as a factor in the activity of a modern enterprise. Additionally, the state of human capital and intellectual potential of Russian enterprises was analyzed, and the role of intelligence in the composition of such accompanying characteristics (factors) of enterprise activity as coordination, i.e. consistency in the functioning of internal subsystems and external relations of the company; purposefulness, i.e. the presence and level of energy (effort) necessary to achieve the goals; erudition, i.e. possession of information and knowledge necessary for the functioning of the company. Using Goodman and Kruskal’s gamma, the influence of intelligence as a factor in a company’s activity on such characteristics as the innovativeness of its products, the level of education of employees, the company’s competitiveness in the market and others was studied
Development of Digital Platform Economy and Problems of Regulation in European Union
Authors:   National Research University – Higher School of Economics, Slobodenyuk Ekaterina D. , Agamirova Maria E. ,   National Research University – Higher School of Economics
Published: January 2024

The ongoing growth of e-commerce has been changing the incentives and character of interaction between market participants at different levels of the vertical production chain. During the last 10 years, these trends have been attracting the attention of European antitrust and became a productive area of economic research. The altering nature of competition and the role of market participants influenced by the development of digital platforms have become the reference point for the emerging of new varieties of vertical restraints such as cross-platform parity agreements (across-platforms parity agreements). These types of agreements creates new incentives for firms. This was a challenge for the European Commission in the light of the preparation of the next edition of regulatory documents determining the legality of the application of vertical restrictive agreements, such as Vertical Block Exemption Regulation - "VBER" and Vertical Guidelines – "Guidelines for the Regulation of vertical restrictive agreements". We find it extremely interesting to identify to what extent the final versions of these regulatory documents took into account the opinions of judges, market participants and the academic community, who actively participated in identifying the most complex aspects of vertical interaction between firms and the growing role of digital platforms in this interaction.
How Did the Meaning of an Institution Get Distorted?
Authors:   Institute of Economics RAS, Vernikov Andrei , Kurysheva Anna ,   Southern Federal University
Published: January 2024

We advocate a return of the term "instituciya" (institution) into active parlance of Russian social studies. Contemporary economists stick exclusively to the term "institut". The term "instituciya" is totally absent from university economics textbooks. We show that the meaning of "instituciya" is different from "institut". The founders of institutional economic tradition in the United States did say "institution", for which the proper Russian equivalent is "instituciya" rather than "institut". John Commons pointed out that all economic theories draw a distinction between activity (e.g., "production") and the objects created by that activity (e.g., "product"). Thus, institution is designated as collective action in control of individual action, whereas institutes are the products of that control. In Russia, the term "institute" locked in as the only name for both substances. Rare attempts to distinguish between them were rejected by the research community, mostly by disregard. We look at the common points against the reintroduction of the term "instituciya". They illustrate a path dependence, the inertia of mental models, and, importantly, a bias meant to protect personal and collective interests. We argue that the absence of one of the two key terms may hamper our understanding of the writings of John Commons, Gustav Schmoller and other great scholars; it creates a confusion. There is no need to replace mechanically one term by another because they complement each other and make a tandem. The recovery of the concept and term "instituciya" in Russian-language research papers would help focusing on culture-specific socio-economic practices of a particular community. It would facilitate the use of qualitative research methods and also cut down scholastic discussions unrelated to empirical material.
Wealth Enclaves in the Russian Economy: Actors and Institutions
Authors:   Kemerovo State University, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Levin Sergey N. , Sablin Kirill S. ,   Kemerovo State University, Russian State Institute of Performing Arts
Published: January 2024

The article reveals the actors whose activities led to the emergence of the phenomenon of wealth enclaves in the Russian economy, and it identifies the institutions that support their long and sustainable existence. It is shown that this phenomenon is typical for countries with emerging markets and it is an unintended result of following the recommendations of the Washington Consensus, which provided for double liberalization. The model of successful modernization of the economy carried out by the Asian “tigers” was a sample. In their case the state played a decisive role in choosing strategic development priorities. In the case of the Washington Consensus priority was given to the private sector and deregulation of the economy meaning a significant reduction in the role of the state. Russia followed the “recipes” proposed by consensus. We found that the collision of the import of institutions in the form of the adoption of the recommendations of the Washington Consensus with counter institutional projects built on the recombination of historically established informal institutions led to the specific Russian version of wealth enclaves. A specific feature of Russian wealth enclaves is their embeddedness in the vertical of power, which is viewed as a pyramid of mixed residual property rights to competitive assets mainly in the resource sector. This “mixedness” is realized not at the formal level, but at the level of real property rights. Top entrepreneurs with political connections are characterized and it is shown that their private interests determine the choice in favor of maintaining “closedness” from the national economy and integration into global value chains. At the same time, actors of political and administrative decision-making, including those at the highest level, demonstrate loyalty to such strategies of large entrepreneurs as co-owners of real residual property rights. They are interested in maximizing the commercial results of enterprises in the resource sector, which act as donors to both the federal budget and development projects.
Innovation Activity and Social Responsibility of Big Business: The Role of Political Connections
Authors:   Kemerovo State University, Russian State Institute of Performing Arts, Sablin Kirill S. , Nesterov Alexey Yu. ,   Kemerovo State University
Published: January 2024

The presented article is devoted to identifying the role of political connec-tions of big business in the process of implementing innovation activity and social responsibility. It is shown that political connections and innovation activity can be both substitutes and complements depending on the institutional environment in which interaction between economic and political actors occurs. Investments in political connections can facilitate innovations that to help firms to overcome non-market barriers. The negative consequences of its using are determined with the lack of motivation, organizational inertia, government control and agency prob-lem. It is noted that political connections reduce the amount of resources allocated to R&D but they increase the effectiveness of the protection of intellectual property rights. This means that political connections bring support and valuable know-ledge about public policy to the firms reducing information asymmetry. It is shown that the flip side of using political connections is social responsibility. It is used by big business to legitimize its activities in the eyes of society. The more a company uses political connections, the more likely it is to provide a higher level of social responsibility reporting. Large Russian companies are actively involved in the im-plementation of social responsibility in the territories where they operate. The key factor ensuring the functioning of large business on domestic markets is social re-sponsibility, while accumulated political connections allow it to enter global mar-kets with the support of the state.
Dynamic Abilities of Management Units in a Large Company
Authors:   Surgutneftegaz PJSC, Gimranov Rinat D. , Lugachev Mikhail I. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Tambovtsev Vitaly L. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: January 2024

The aim of the article is to present the theoretical foundation and the results of empirical testing of the approach developed by the authors to assess the large company’s divisions management dynamic capabilities. The analysis of existing methods for assessing (measuring) dynamic capabilities, given in the article, showed the fundamental difficulties of their application to the companies’ non-market divisions, which results do not directly affect their competitive advantages. The developed approach is focused on identifying the presence or absence of readiness and ability of department managers to develop solutions necessary to overcome non-standard (unforeseen) problem situations. The way to identify is to conduct in-depth interviews with employees who have experience in teamwork in the "Cynefin" framework, followed by an expert analysis of the answers received. In the final part of the article, possible directions for further research on the dynamic capabilities of company divisions are discussed.
Crustal Imaging with Noisy Teleseismic Receiver Functions Using Sparse Radon Transforms
Authors: Zhang Ziqi , Olugboji Tolulope
Published: January 2024

The receiver function (RF) is a widely used crustal imaging technique. In principle, it assumes relatively noise-free traces that can be used to target receiver-side structures following source deconvolution. In practice, however, mode conversions and reflections may be severely degraded by noisy conditions, hampering robust estimation of crustal parameters. In this study, we use a sparsity-promoting Radon transform to decompose the observed RF traces into their wavefield contributions, that is, direct conversions, multiples, and incoherent noise. By applying a crustal mask on the Radon-transformed RF, we obtain noise-free RF traces with only Moho conversions and reflections. We demonstrate, using a synthetic experiment and a real-data example from the Sierra Nevada, that our approach can effectively denoise the RFs and extract the underlying Moho signals. This greatly improves the robustness of crustal structure recovery as exemplified by subsequent H−κ stacking. We further demonstrate, using a station sitting on loose sediments in the Upper Mississippi embayment, that a combination of our approach and frequency-domain filtering can significantly improve crustal imaging in reverberant settings. In the presence of complex crustal structures, for example, dipping Moho, intracrustal layers, and crustal anisotropy, we recommend caution when applying our proposed approach due to the difficulty of interpreting a possibly more complicated Radon image. We expect that our technique will enable high-resolution crustal imaging and inspire more applications of Radon transforms in seismic signal processing.
Canlı vericili karaciğer naklinde soğuk iskemi süresi ve MELD skoru ne kadar ilişkili?
Authors: Öztürk Bengi
Published: January 2024

Anılır E ve arkadaşlarının canlı vericili karaciğer naklinde yüksek MELD skorunun perioperatif bulgular ve post-operatif komplikasyonlar üzerine etkisini araştırdıkları makalelerini ilgiyle okudum (1). Geniş bir hasta grubunda böyle bir çalışmayı yaptıkları için kendilerini tebrik ediyorum. Hem yüksek MELD skoru ve hem de uzamış soğuk iskemi zamanı karaciğer nakli alıcılarında bilinen kötü sonlanım kriterlerindendir (2,3). Bu çalışma, canlı vericili karaciğer naklinde MELD skoru yüksek olanlarda soğuk iskemi zamanının da uzadığına işaret etmesi açısından oldukça önemlidir. Çalışmada MELD skoru > 20 olan hastalarda, < 20 olan hastalarla karşılaştırıldığında post-operatif komplikasyonların oranının değişmediği görülmekte, fakat sağ kalıma dair bir veri görülmemektedir. Soğuk iskemi süresi, esasında her iki grupta da beklendiği üzere düşüktür. Yine de arada istatistiksel anlamlılık gösteren yaklaşık 15 dakikalık bir fark vardır (72 vs. 58 dakika). Yazıdan anlaşıldığı kadarıyla, MELD skoru yüksek olan hastalarda soğuk iskemi süresinin neden uzadığına dair kapsamlı bir analizin yapılmadığı görülmektedir. Bunun sebebi cerrahi teknikten mi kaynaklanmaktadır, yoksa MELD skoru yüksek olan hastalar ‘daha hasta’ oldukları için süreç biraz daha komplike mi gitmektedir? Bu çalışmada MELD skoru yüksek ve düşük olan hasta gruplarında sağ kalım analizleri yapılabilmiş olsaydı çok daha kıymetli bulgulara ulaşılacağı görüşündeyim. Hastaların çalışmaya dahil oldukları tarih dikkate alındığında, çok büyük bir hasta grubunun 1 aylık, önemli bir hasta grubunun ise 1 yıllık takip sürelerinin tamamlanmış olması beklenmektedir. Bu hasta grubunda 1 aylık ve 1 yıllık sağ kalım analizleri, sağ kalıma etki eden faktörler ve yapılacak çoklu değişken analizi canlı vericili nakilde post-operatif sağ kalım üzerine etkili olan bağımsız değişkenleri çıkarabilir, bu da çalışmayı çok daha değerli hale getirebilirdi.
MELD yüksek olan hasta grubunun bir diğer özelliği de kırılganlığının artmış olmasıdır. Kırılganlık önemli bir mortalite nedenidir (4). Bu grupta, cerrahi tekniğin ve hasta takibinin başarısından bağımsız olarak hastalar çeşitli nedenlerle kaybedilebilmektedir. Böylesine kıymetli bir hasta grubunda, kırılganlığa yönelik yapılacak çalışma ve analizlerin literatüre önemli bir katkı sağlayacağı görüşündeyim.
What Policies are Effective at Eradicating Violence Against Women?
Authors: Bustelo Monserrat , Frisancho Verónica , Viollaz Mariana
Published: January 2024

Violence against women is widespread in Latin America and the Caribbean. On average, every day, 10 women are murdered in the region, and of the 25 countries with the highest rates of femicide in the world, 13 are in this region. Violence against women invades womens everyday lives and takes place in both public and private spheres and within all socioeconomic groups. Most femicides are committed by their partners or former partnersone out of every three women between the ages of 15 and 49 in the region have experienced physical and/or sexual violence at the hands of a partner, with rates ranging between 17% (for the Dominican Republic) and 53% (for Bolivia). Violence against women has a negative impact (physical and psychological) on the health of victims, and it also affects their economic decisions and opportunities for development. Additionally, it increases the probability that children suffer abuse, corporal punishment, and/or negligent/dysfunctional care as well as the likelihood that minors end up reproducing this behavior when they are adults, perpetuating the cycle of violence.
Research Insights: How Can Public Policies Curb Pandemics?
Authors: Brotherhood Luiz , Kircher Philipp , Santos Cezar , Tertilt Michèle
Published: January 2024

In general, stringent lockdowns are warranted when a diseases infectiousness is high, but less so when only a diseases deadliness is elevated. Optimal lockdown policies for some infectious diseases include imposing different restrictions on different age groups. Intensive testing enables a less restrictive lockdown, reduces GDP losses, and facilitates a quicker easing of restrictions.
Identificação por rádio-frequência: estudo-da-arte e aplicações
Authors: Borges Francisco Fechine , Leite José Tadeu Fontes
Published: January 2024

A identificação por rádio frequência é um tecnologia que permite a identificação de objetos, pessoas ou animais, sem contato físico, através de ondas eletromagnéticas [...].
Efeitos biológicos da radiação não-ionizante
Authors: Carvalho Joabson Nogueira de , Gomes Neto Alfredo
Published: January 2024

Este trabalho apresenta de forma resumida os fundamentos da interação do campo eletromagnético com tecidos biológicos, discutindo os aspectos relacionados com os padrões de segurança adotados, no que tange aos níveis máximos de exposição à energia eletromagnética.
Um banco de dados de imagens cardiovasculares para o serviço de hemodinâmica
Authors: Melo Lafayette Batista
Published: January 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho foi implementar um banco de dados com imagens cardiovasculares filmadas durante o exame de cateterismo cardíaco, realizado no serviço de hemodinâmica [...].
A ausência de ações politécnicas no ensino ministrado na Escola Técnica Federal de Sergipe
Authors: Oliveira José Adelmo Menezes de
Published: January 2024

Verificamos que o currículo da Escola Técnica Federal de Sergipe no biênio 1993/1994 reforça uma formação cartesiana e divorcia teoria e prática, concepção e ação, não contemplando ações de caráter politécnico e mantendo as características de uma formação superficial, baseada na teoria reificada, não atendendo aos reclames da pós-modernidade.
Normas regulamentadoras em canteiros de obra de edificações verticais na grande João Pessoa
Authors: Araújo Nelma Miriam Chagas de , Meira Gibson Rocha
Published: January 2024

Este trabalho apresenta um diagnóstico sobre o cumprimento das Normas Regulamentadoras nas empresas construtoras de edificações verticais da grande João Pessoa, tendo como base observações realizadas nos seus canteiros de obra [...].
AIETSO: um ambiente informatizado para o ensino da teoria dos sistemas operacionais
Authors: Paiva Severino Do Ramo de
Published: January 2024

Neste estudo é proposto um ambiente informatizado para o ensino da teoria dos sistemas operacionais [...].
Simulação de um canal AWGN M-PSK
Authors: Assis Francisco Marcos De , Monte Ricardo Gouveia do , Caldeira Luiz Guedes
Published: January 2024

Este trabalho tem por objetivo a simulação de um canal M-PSK em computador para avaliação destas famílias de modulação quando submetidas a ruído aditivo branco Gaussiano - AWGN.
Public Interest Law in Criminal Code Article 310(3) as the Basis to Eliminate Crime in Journalism
Authors: Fredy Christian Sipayung Ronald , Danil Elwi , Mulyadi Mahmud , Yunara Edi
Published: January 2024

In the Republic of Indonesia, legal norms and rules prioritize the public interest over state, group, and individual interests. Article 310 paragraph (3) of the Criminal Code allows for the removal of offenses committed in the public interest. However, using the public interest as a justification for press activities can lead to controversy due to unreliable or false news sources. Law No. 40 of 1999 concerning the Press, and the Press Council, an independent regulatory body established in 1966, protect press freedom and regulate the press according to the Journalistic Code of Ethics. However, due to perceived inadequacies, press violations are often resolved through press releases rather than relying on the Code as a legal basis. A normative legal research method was used to analyze the relationship between the Criminal Code and the Press Law, revealing that press freedom is a fundamental human right protected by the Constitution. The Press Law functions as a Lex specialis of the Criminal Code, addressing issues such as defamation, insults, and ridicule, and resolving disputes within the press while prioritizing the public interest over government interests.
Keywords: Public Interest, Freedom of the Press
Strict Liability as an Expansion of the Meaning of Criminal Acts in Environmental Crimes
Authors: Maulana Aby , Azmi Nurul , Luthfie Hakim Muhammad , Noor Prasetyo Said
Published: January 2024

The problems in overcoming criminal acts in the environmental sector not only need practice but also need development and improvement in theoretical studies, so that the purpose of the laws and regulations formed reaches their goals. One of the interesting discussions to be reviewed in depth is the applicability of the concept of strict liability or absolute responsibility in enforcing criminal law in the environmental sector, as regulated in Article 88 of Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning environmental protection and management. Strict liability in general is to put criminal liability to the perpetrator of a criminal act without the necessity of guilt. In other words, errors with the concept of strict liability can be ruled out. Eliminating wrongdoing does not mean eliminating evidence for criminal acts that have indeed been committed. The conduct of a criminal act is the basis on which a person can be held criminally liable (determining the presence or absence of a mistake). However, in the concept of strict liability, this does not apply on the contrary, a person who has committed a criminal act has also been fulfilled with the element of guilt, so it does not need to be proven or ruled out. The criminal act becomes completed, and the element of guilt is evidenced by the loss arising as a result of the criminal act committed.
Keywords: strict liability, criminal acts, environmental crime 1.
Conceptualization of Setting Community-based Correction as a Form of Convict Fostering Based on Restorative Justice Principles in Correctional Institutions
Authors: Wira Andaman Sandhika , Wayan Putu Sucaya Aryana I , Putu Ari Setyaningsih Ni
Published: January 2024

The high rate of recidivism in Indonesia is caused by the legal paradigm and politics of society which place imprisonment as a premium remedium. Consequently, various problems arise in prisons, such as prison overcapacity and other problems. The government has made an effort to countermeasures by issuing a new Correctional Law and Criminal Code which carries a new sentencing paradigm through restorative justice; however, the panitentiary has not had a breakthrough that is in line with the new paradigm. Community-based correction which was first recognized in New Zealand is deemed appropriate to be applied in Indonesia with adjustments according to philosophical, sociological, and juridical foundations to fill the void in norms in arranging community-based correction as a form of fostering prisoners in jails. This study is a normative legal research with a literature study. This study uses statute, case, fact, and comparative approaches. Community-based correction implemented in New Zealand bears similarities to the fostering of convicts implemented in Indonesia, such as probation, parole, work release, and residential center or the halfway house program. In the future, the concept of fostering convicts based on the principles of restorative justice will be implemented using the pattern of community-based correction. Community-based correction is conceptualized in two forms, namely as an alternative to conviction and an alternative to imprisonment. As an alternative to conviction, the concept can accommodate the implementation of supervision and social work punishments that are regulated in the new Criminal Code. As an alternative to imprisonment, community-based correction can take the form of optimization of the function of open prisons by providing an opportunity for convicts with a maximum sentence of three years to be placed in open prisons from the start of serving their sentence.
Keywords: community-based correction, conviction, imprisonment, restorative justice
The Constitutional Relationships Mandate Regarding the Implementation of Oil and Gas Investments in Indonesia
Authors: Jaelani Abdul Kadir , Manumayoso Bambang , Karjoko Lego
Published: January 2024

The meeting of interests between the Government of Indonesia (cq. The Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia) and investors in the field of oil and gas investment in Indonesia is a meeting with relatively different final objectives, but business cooperation that complements each other creates synergies, and is mutually beneficial for each other’s interests, according to a mutually agreed-upon agreement or contract. This study will investigate the relationship between Indonesian constitutional mandates and the implementation of oil and gas investments. According to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and Pancasila, the study demonstrates that natural resources (SDA) are capital for national economic development. Based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, the development of the national economy is a part of the endeavor to realize the just and prosperous welfare of the people.
Keywords: constitution, national economy, oil, gas
Review of Legal Ethics in Applying Palliative Care to Improving the Quality of Life of Patients
Authors: . Sumali , Bhirini Slamet Aprilia , Monique Cindy , Wulandari Siti
Published: January 2024

Palliative care is a treatment for patients who have incurable diseases by optimizing the patient’s quality of life and reducing pain and other symptoms by paying attention to psychological and spiritual aspects. Previous studies have assessed the importance of implementing palliative care in Indonesia because of the high prevalence of incurable diseases such as cancer, heart failure, and other diseases such as HIV/AIDS. Palliative care is a form of medical care and patient comfort that controls the intensity of a disease or slows its progress, whether or not there is hope of recovery. Palliative care does not aim to provide a cure or reverse disease progression. It is an important part of caring for terminal patients, which can be done simply, although their main priority is quality of life and not recovery of the patient from the illness. Most patients come for treatment with a diagnosis of disease in an advanced stage. In such conditions, the patient tends to choose a short but happy life rather than a long life with many limitations. For patients, the only realistic treatment options are pain barriers and palliative care. So palliative care is an effective way to improve the quality of life of patients.
Keywords: legal ethics, palliative care, patient
The Indonesian and French Justice System (in Comparison of Structure and Mechanism)
Authors: Putri Cahyawati Dwi , Burhanuddin Nizam
Published: January 2024

The Indonesian and French justice systems share similarities in structure, mechanism, and trial stages. However, the Indonesian system is considered better due to its structure and non-overlapping trial examination mechanisms. The highest court in Indonesia is the Supreme Court, while in France, the highest court is the Courts de Cassation and the Council of Cassation. Experts often reference the French judicial system, but the author believes the existing judiciary, particularly the Constitutional Court, should be maintained, and there is no need to imitate the French judicial system.
Keywords: strict liability, criminal acts, environmental crime
The Preliminary Study on a Legal Framework Acceptance Relate to Halal Tourism in Lake Toba
Authors: Hadyan Yunhas Purba M. , Natasya Sirait Ningrum , Patriana Yuswar Cheryl , Kanni Ramaiah Angayar , Azmi Azila , Abdullah Azrul
Published: January 2024

Halal tourism is one form of tourism development and promotion that is anticipated to boost local economic growth and state revenue. Halal tourism aims to instill trust in Muslim visitors so that they are not hesitant to visit tourist destinations like Lake Toba where the majority of the population is non-Muslim and is one of the most popular tourist destinations. This is done to convince the tourists that these destinations welcome Muslim visitors even if Lake Toba’s population is primarily comprised of non-Muslims. The government must enact rules if halal tourism is to be practiced properly and lawfully. This study used normative and empirical research methods. Examining the rules and laws governing halal goods and tourism is done as normative research. Following surveys and interviews with villagers and business owners in the Lake Toba region, empirical research was conducted. The findings demonstrate that halal tourism is a concept that ensures the provision of the services and infrastructure required by Muslim travelers during their journey, including halal food, prayer spaces, and so forth. However, halal tourism currently has legal loopholes. Halal tourism in Lake Toba thus has advantages and disadvantages. In reality, local residents and business owners in the Lake Toba region are sympathetic to the notion, as long as it does not obliterate traditions and local culture, and does not act as a campaign to Islamize them. As a tourism marketing tactic, Indonesia can model its halal tourism policies after those of Malaysia.
Keywords: preliminary study, legal frameworks, halal tourism
Anomaly in Supervision of MSME Partnerships in Indonesia: A Comparison of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Vietnam
Authors: Hadyan Yunhas Purba M. , Natasya Sirait Ningrum , Siregar Mahmul , Harianto Dedi
Published: January 2024

Partnership for micro, small, and medium enterprises (“MSMEs”) is a strategy to improve the quality of MSMEs through sharing knowledge and technology, funding, etc. Therefore, Law No. 20/2008 jo. Government Regulation No.7/2021 regulates the implementation of MSME partnerships. One of them is related to the Supervision of MSME Partnerships carried out by the Business Competition Supervisory Commission “(KPPU”). This study aims to test whether the KPPU’s authority to oversee MSME partnerships is appropriate or not. By compiling a list of laws and regulations, journals, and other materials, this study employs a normative juridical methodology. The data obtained will be analyzed qualitatively by concluding inductively. As a result, the supervision of MSME partnerships by KPPU does not follow the basis and objectives of the establishment of KPPU. Compared to Malaysia, all MSME development activities are regulated and supervised by SME Corporation Malaysia (SME Corp. Malaysia) as an authority under the Ministry of Entrepreneur Development and Cooperatives (“MEDAC”). Meanwhile, in Vietnam, the Government established The Vietnam Trade Promotion Agency (VIETRADE) which is under the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Vietnam with one of the tasks of its authority to develop MSMEs and encourage MSME cooperation with large companies. Seeing this comparison, it is appropriate that the authority to manage all MSME activities including partnerships is given to an institution whose main focus is handling the MSME sector in Indonesia, namely the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs.
Keywords: supervision, MSME partnerships, comparison
Green Banking Concept Implementation in Banking Credit Governance in Indonesia: Comparison Between Indonesia and China
Authors: Hamzah Nasution Barran , Siregar Mahmul , Agustina Rosa , Sitompu Ulkarnain
Published: January 2024

2Universitas IndonesiaEnvironmental issues nowadays are becoming the world’s attention. Banks are now transforming their business activities as well as minimizing them on the environment. This concept is called the green banking concept. However, in Indonesia, there is no adequate regulation yet on the implementation of green banking, especially in banking credit governance. On the other hand, China has a green credit policy which has now become a guideline to ensure that loan applications and investments are considering environmental management and protection. The objective of this policy issuance is to encourage green credit among financial institutions in China.
Keywords: green banking, sustainable finance, credit governance
Customary Law ``Bolit Mate Nawar Uman" As ``Living Law" in West Kutai Regency, East Kalimantan.
Authors: Aunuh Nu'man , Alam Syariful , . Tarisa
Published: January 2024

Customary law is a legal system that has been used by the community for a long time and it has been passed down from generation to generation. Bolit Mate Nawar Uman (BMNU) is a customary law used by indigenous people in West Kutai Regency, East Kalimantan. Even though there has been a shift in values and norms in society, BMNU customary law is still recognized and used by local communities in resolving legal disputes. Crime always appears where there is society, one of which is murder which, in this case, is studied according to the science of law and is associated with social life. The issues raised are how BMNU customs become living law when dealing with criminal acts of murder in West Kutai Regency and how BMNU customary sanctions can provide a value of justice for local indigenous people. This study uses a sociological juridical method with primary legal materials and secondary legal materials as well as a statutory approach and a case study approach. The results of the study show that the existence of BMNU customary law applies when the crime is committed within the territory of the customary territory and the victim of the crime of murder is a descendant of the Dayak tribe, West Kutai district. The application of customary sanctions for the criminal act of murder was tried by the method of deliberation between Dayak customary institutions and indigenous people in general. Keywords: customary law, Bolit Mate Nawar Uman, living law