bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching Basic Calculus Using SAGE
Authors: Tsarava Katerina , Halkidis Spyros T. , Venardos Pantelis , Stephanides George
Published: July 2013

This chapter presents an attempt to review basic calculus concepts to high school students with the help of a Computer Algebra System, namely SAGE. A review lesson on limits and derivatives as well as an introduction of the bisection method for finding roots of continuous functions is presented. The evaluation of the lesson by the students is analyzed. The aim of this chapter is to examine the power of SAGE in reviewing basic calculus concepts, presenting the advantages and disadvantages of SAGE compared to other Computer Algebra Systems, as well as the benefit from using a computer system in making concepts such as the squeeze theorem for computing limits of functions more clear.
From Stacks to Collaborative Learning Commons
Authors: Drabier Renee , Burgard Daniel E.
Published: July 2013

The University of North Texas Health Science Center (UNTHSC) completed a project to transform traditional, print-centric library space into an open, technology-enabled learning commons. The library’s print collection was dramatically reduced to create a new Collaborative Learning Commons in areas formerly occupied by bookshelves. Removal of books, journals, and shelving was carefully planned based on the needs of students, researchers, and clinicians. Following the print collection reduction, the new physical commons development included changing walls, replacing flooring, adding electrical and network connections, installing advanced technology resources, and using innovative furnishings to promote collaboration. The major accomplishments of this project include repurposing of library space to serve modern health science student needs through the creation of vibrant meeting and workspaces, expansion of access to educational technologies, and increased access to library scholarly information resources via a significant investment in electronic resources.
Piloting the Change
Authors: Caines Autumm
Published: July 2013

Projects that focus on changing existing technology, rather than introducing new technology, have unique challenges and opportunities. These projects incorporate both new and old technology, and while old technologies may be more costly and less effective, users are comfortable with them. This comfort can be a challenge in a time of change. Projects that have a large user base, such as campus-wide projects, pose an even bigger challenge. This case describes the efforts surrounding a pilot program that led to a change in a campus-wide Learning Management System (LMS). This case describes all of the aspects of the project, from the first discussions to the end of the pilot program, and highlights the benefit of a pilot program as a way to instigate change. Faculty from varying departments as well as the Information Technology Department guided the project. In addition to bringing about campus change, this project helped to show the need for a formal IT project management framework.
Collaboration 2.0 through the New Organization (2.0) Transformation
Authors: Boughzala Imed
Published: July 2013

This chapter introduces a new holistic organization transformation (i.e. Organization 2.0) caused by changes in the act of collaboration (i.e. Collaboration 2.0) due to the emergence of Web 2.0 technologies and their use by a new generation of people called Gen Y. Organization 2.0 is based on Social Capital where end-user participation, emergence of social networks and online communities, mass collaboration, and open innovation, have become new levers to put collective intelligence (e.g. crowdsourcing) at the service of the organization, to boost its performance, and to develop its creative capabilities. This chapter tries to sort out confusion that may exist between different concepts like Web 2.0, Enterprise 2.0, Collaboration 2.0, Management 2.0, KM 2.0, Organization 2.0, et cetera.
Web 2.0 Social Networking Technologies and Strategies for Knowledge Management
Authors: Chen Edward
Published: July 2013

This chapter discusses the Internet phenomenon known as Web 2.0. It explores Internet use, Internet users, and the continuous improvements being made to the Internet. The purpose of this chapter is to explain the impact that social networking has on the modern enterprise; particularly, when it comes to collaboration and knowledge sharing. The growth trajectory of Web 2.0 software such as social networking, blogs, tags, RSS feeds, wikis, YouTube videos, and widgets are presented, and each component is outlined in detail. Each application is also applied to a practical business setting. The benefits and challenges of each application are discussed, and examples of organizations that are implementing Web 2.0 strategies are presented. Some limitations and concerns of Web 2.0 are discussed. The chapter concludes with an examination of the implications of Web 2.0 on companies and their business and marketing strategies.
KMS for Fostering Behavior Change
Authors: Hercheui Magda David
Published: July 2013

This chapter proposes a new theoretical framework for understanding how knowledge management systems may foster behavior change. Drawing upon knowledge management research and institutional theory, the framework proposes that Information Systems and social media channels might support strategies for institutionalizing new patterned behaviors. More specifically, this chapter argues that Information Systems may speed up the diffusion of explicit knowledge and the articulation of tacit knowledge that favor behavior change. In making access to knowledge easier, these tools might build and strengthen new patterned behaviors. Using the proposed theoretical lenses, this chapter discusses an empirical example, Microsoft Hohm, which aims to promote behavior change in the domain of energy consumption in American residences.
The profile of the rich antagonist and the pious protagonist in Psalm 52
Authors: Potgieter J. Henk
Published: July 2013

In this article, a stichometric and poetic analysis of Psalm 52 is offered which forms the basis for a description of the character of the rich but crooked antagonist and the pious protagonist in the psalm. The profile of the pious in the psalm emerges largely as the inverse of the inclination and actions of the arrogant, rich antagonist who is addressed in the greater part of the psalm. The psalm is also read and interpreted against the background of the book of Psalms as a whole to argue that Psalm 52 is actually describing the opposition between the righteous and the wicked as it is typically found in Wisdom psalms.
Upper‐Body Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation as a Strategy in Decompensated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Abrams Darryl C. , Brodie Daniel , Rosenzweig Erika B. , Burkart Kristin M. , Agerstrand Cara L. , Bacchetta Matthew D.
Published: July 2013

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly during an acute decompensation. We describe a single‐center experience of three patients with severe Group 1 PAH, refractory to targeted medical therapy, in which an extubated, nonsedated, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) strategy with an upper‐body configuration was used as a bridge to recovery or lung transplantation. All three patients were extubated within 24 hours of ECMO initiation. Two patients were successfully bridged to lung transplantation, and the other patient was optimized on targeted PAH therapy with subsequent recovery from an acute decompensation. The upper‐body ECMO configuration allowed for daily physical therapy, including one patient, who would otherwise have been unsuitable for transplantation, ambulating over 850 meters daily. This series demonstrates the feasibility of using ECMO to bridge PAH patients to recovery or transplantation while avoiding the complications of immobility and invasive mechanical ventilation.
Comparison of Drugs for Pulmonary Hypertension Reversibility Testing: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Guglin Maya , Mehra Shabnam , Mason Thomas J.
Published: July 2013

Multiple drugs are used for reversibility testing of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in advanced heart failure (HF), especially in the process of heart transplant evaluation. Effects of these drugs were never systematically compared. The aim of this meta‐analysis was to compare hemodynamic effects of different drugs. We identified 20 prospective studies reporting hemodynamic variables before and after acute pharmacologic testing for PH reversibility in patients with advanced HF. The data from individual studies were grouped by an outcome measure and analyzed. A mixed model meta‐analysis was performed using SAS to give weighted mean effect of pre‐ and post‐test change and inverse variance. The mean effects were weighted by the published sample size. Prostacyclin, inhaled or intravenous, and prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) had the most potent effect on pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). Sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerin decreased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP) better than other drugs. Sildenafil provided overall good hemodynamic outcomes but was not the strongest drug with regard to any particular outcome. PCWP, MPAP, and systolic pulmonary arterial pressure respond better to nitroglycerin and sodium nitroprusside than to other drugs in the setting of reversibility testing. Prostacyclin and PGE1 are superior to other drugs in their acute effects on PVR.
Provider Recognition and Response to Echocardiographic Findings Indicating Pulmonary Hypertension in the Veterans Affairs Medical Center Population
Authors: Kingrey John F. , Panos Ralph J. , Ying Jun , Meganathan Karthikeyan , Vandivier Robin , Elwing Jean M.
Published: July 2013

PH occurs alone or in association with many disorders. Many patients with transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) findings suggesting PH never receive additional evaluation. Patient characteristics and echocardiographic data associated with increased recognition of PH have not been fully evaluated. We evaluated TTE reports at the Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center from 2005 to 2006 retrospectively for findings highly indicative of PH: Estimated systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) ≥40 mmHg, increased right atrial or right ventricular (RV) size, or reduced RV function. Only patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥50% and no known diagnosis of PH were included. Patient characteristics, TTE findings, provider recognition rates, and subsequent referral for additional evaluation were assessed. A total of 227 of 3,960 (5.7%) TTE reports revealed findings indicating possible PH. Providers acknowledged possible PH in 53 (23.4%) reports. Recognized PH was predicted by increased RV size (odds ratio (OR) = 5.07, P < 0.001), increased right atrial dimension (OR = 6.45, P < 0.001), decreased RV function (OR = 8.86, P < 0.001), and increased PAP (OR = 1.04 corresponding to each unit increase of PAP, P < 0.01). Patients with comorbid obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), interstitial lung disease, and dyspnea were also more likely to be recognized (OR = 3.63, P = 0.021; OR = 10.98, P = 0.004; OR = 2.39, P = 0.007, respectively). The 12‐month mortality rate for recognized patients, 11.3% (7/53), was lower than for unrecognized patients, 25.3% (44/174; P = 0.03). Providers recognized less than one in four patients with echocardiographic evidence suggesting PH. Echocardiography reports revealing higher PAP and right heart dilation and dysfunction are associated with increased acknowledgement of possible PH.
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Combined with a High Cardiac Output State: Three Remarkable Cases
Authors: Spruijt Onno A. , Bogaard Harm‐Jan , Vonk‐Noordegraaf Anton
Published: July 2013

A congenital extrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt (CEPVS), also known as an Abernethy malformation, is a rare cause of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). In this case series, we describe three male patients of 30, 23, and 27 years of age with PAH due to a CEPVS. In all three patients, a right heart catheterization revealed a high cardiac output. The aim of this case series is to make pulmonary hypertension physicians aware of the possibility of a CEPVS when PAH is accompanied with a high cardiac output state.
Signal Transduction in the Development of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Malenfant Simon , Neyron Anne‐Sophie , Paulin Roxane , Potus François , Meloche Jolyane , Provencher Steeve , Bonnet Sébastien
Published: July 2013

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a unique disease. Properly speaking, it is not a disease of the lung. It can be seen more as a microvascular disease occurring mainly in the lungs and affecting the heart. At the cellular level, the PAH paradigm is characterized by inflammation, vascular tone imbalance, pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis and the presence of in situ thrombosis. At a clinical level, the aforementioned abnormal vascular properties alter physically the pulmonary circulation and ventilation, which greatly influence the right ventricle function as it highly correlates with disease severity. Consequently, right heart failure remains the principal cause of death within this cohort of patients. While current treatment modestly improve patients' conditions, none of them are curative and, as of today, new therapies are lacking. However, the future holds potential new therapies that might have positive influence on the quality of life of the patient. This article will first review the clinical presentation of the disease and the different molecular pathways implicated in the pathobiology of PAH. The second part will review tomorrow's future putative therapies for PAH.
Role of microRNAs in Lung Development and Pulmonary Diseases
Authors: Sessa Roberto , Hata Akiko
Published: July 2013

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNA which exert post‐transcriptional gene regulation activity by targeting messenger RNAs. miRNAs have been found to be involved in various fundamental biological processes and deregulation of miRNAs is known to result in pathological conditions. In this review, we provide an overview of recent discoveries on the role played by this class of molecules in lung development and in pulmonary diseases, such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary artery hypertension. Considering the relevant role of these miRNAs under physiological and pathological conditions, they represent new clinical targets as well as diagnostic and prognostic tools. Therefore, this review pays special attention to recent advances and possible future directions for the use of miRNAs for clinical applications.
An in vitro Evaluation of Microleakage of Three Different Self-Etch Adhesives with Ethanol, Acetone and Water as Solvents
Authors: Bogra Poonam , Gupta Saurabh , Singh S Vijay , Kocchar Jyoti
Published: July 2013

Purpose

The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the microleakage of three different self-etch adhesives with ethanol, acetone and water as solvents.

Materials and methods

Standardized class V cavities were prepared on both facial and lingual surfaces of 60 caries-free human premolar teeth. The teeth were divided in three groups and different self-etch adhesives (OptiBond All in One, Tetric N Self-Etch, Adper Easy One) were applied according to manufacturer's instructions. The samples were then restored with composite and subjected to thermocycling. Later, the teeth were stained with methylene blue, sectioned and measured for microleakage under stereomicroscope.

Results

This study showed that at the occlusal margin and gingival margins, the preparations treated with OptiBond all in one showed significantly less leakage than the other groups. Enamel margins provided better marginal sealing than dentin/cementum margins.

Conclusion

The study demonstrated that OptiBond All in One bond had a better sealing ability at both occlusal and gingival margins compared with the other adhesives used.

Keywords

Microleakage, Self-etch adhesives, Solvents.

How to cite this article

Singh SV, Bogra P, Gupta S, Kocchar J. An in vitro Evaluation of Microleakage of Three Different Self- Etch Adhesives with Ethanol, Acetone and Water as Solvents. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2012;2(3):83-87.
Attachment-retained Unilateral Distal Extension (Kennedy's Class II Modification I) Cast Partial Denture
Authors: Jain Ashish R , Philip Jacob Mathew
Published: July 2013

Attachment-retained removable partial denture (RPD) is not an outdated treatment modality. It is even more contemporary in today's appearance-oriented society than when it was first introduced. There is significant number of patients who could benefit from this treatment option, both short and long term. However, lack of proper knowledge, overwhelming number of attachments available in the market, multiple adjustments and repairs are making dentists reluctant to offer and provide attachment-retained RPD services. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview and a simplified approach to this treatment modality by way of a case report.

How to cite this article

Jain AR, Philip JM, Ariga P. Attachment-retained Unilateral Distal Extension (Kennedy's Class II Modification I) Cast Partial Denture. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2012;2(3):101-107.
Tooth Wear, Etiology, Diagnosis and Its Management in Elderly: A Literature Review
Authors: Nadiger Ramesh , Lekha K , Meshramkar Roseline
Published: July 2013

The aim of the review was to present the importance of tooth wear, etiology and its management in elderly patients. The success of rehabilitation of tooth wear in elderly depends upon finding the etiology, correct diagnosis, prevention method and its management. Recognition of the early signs of tooth wear could bring about timely prevention and improve the life span of teeth in elderly.

How to cite this article

Meshramkar R, Lekha K, Nadiger R. Tooth Wear, Etiology, Diagnosis and Its Management in Elderly: A Literature Review. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2012;2(3): 113-116.
Analysis of costs and results of treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with leflunomide and subcutaneously administered methotrexate
Authors: Kowalik Krzysztof , Majcherczak Dorota , Kolossa Katarzyna , Krysiński Jerzy , Jeka Sławomir
Published: July 2013

Celem pracy była retrospektywna analiza kosztów i wyników leczenia reumatoidalnego zapalenia stawów (RZS) leflunomidem (LEF) i metotreksatem (MTX) s.c.

Materiał i metody: Dane do analizy pochodziły z dokumentacji 111 pacjentów z aktywnym RZS. Chorzy byli leczeni w warunkach ambulatoryjnych na Oddziale Klinicznym Reumatologii i Układowych Chorób Tkanki Łącznej Szpitala Uniwersyteckiego nr 2 w Bydgoszczy. Pięćdziesiąt jeden osób przyjmowało MTX s.c., a 60 – LEF p.o. Leki stoso­wano w monoterapii. W analizie uwzględniono bezpośrednie ko­szty medyczne: zakupu leków – LEF, MTX s.c., zakupu leków wspo­magających, leków stosowanych w zaostrzeniach RZS, koszty zakupu leków stosowanych w zapobieganiu i leczeniu powikłań, koszty badań diagnostycznych oraz badań i konsultacji lekarskich. Zgodnie z wytycznymi EULAR do oceny skuteczności leczenia zastosowano wskaź­nik DAS28. W badaniu wykorzystano analizę efektywności kosztów.

Wyniki: Skuteczniejszą, ale droższą metodą leczenia jest terapia LEF. Średni koszt półrocznego leczenia jednego pacjenta wyniósł 2922,59 zł przy obniżeniu wartości DAS28 o 25,15%. Średni koszt leczenia MTX s.c. wyniósł 1582,01 zł przy obniżeniu wartości DAS28 o 22,96%. W analizie inkrementalnej wyliczono, że koszt uzyskania dodatkowej jednostki DAS28 w 6-miesięcznej terapii wynosi 26 811,60 zł na jednego pacjenta. Największy udział w kosztach całkowitych miał zakup leków modyfikujących przebieg choroby. Średnio na jednego pacjenta koszty LEF wynosiły 2276,22 zł, natomiast koszty MTX s.c. 965,03 zł. W przypadku badań diagnostycznych nieznacznie wyższe koszty poniesiono w odniesieniu do terapii LEF. Koszty badań i konsultacji lekarskich są identyczne w obu grupach. Koszty leków wspomagających i stosowanych w leczeniu powikłań są niewielkie.

Wnioski: Z dwóch porównywanych metod leczenia, uważanych za terapie pierwszego lub drugiego rzutu, prawie dwukrotnie droższe, ale skuteczniejsze jest stosowanie LEF. Przy obowiązującej cenie LEF farmakoekonomiczna opłacalność jego stosowania była wątpliwa.
The link between rheumatic diseases and cancer
Authors: Rzeszewska Ewa , Puszczewicz Mariusz
Published: July 2013

Choroby nowotworowe stanowią jedną z głównych przyczyn umie-ralności we współczesnym świecie. Poza objawami klinicznymi charakterystycznymi dla poszczególnych typów chorób rozrostowych mogą one przebiegać w postaci zespołu paraneoplastycznego (ZPN). Jedną z postaci ZPN są objawy reumatologiczne, które mogą sugerować rozpoznanie choroby nowotworowej lub predysponować do jej rozwoju. Autorzy przedstawiają najczęściej występujące objawy reumatologiczne chorób nowotworowych oraz omawiają problem predyspozycji do rozwoju choroby rozrostowej u pacjentów z poszczególnymi chorobami reumatycznymi. W artykule opisano również główne patomechanizmy prowadzące do rozwoju ZPN.
Rheumatic manifestations of malignant neoplasm – presentation of three cases
Authors: Niedźwiedź Beata , Raczkiewicz Anna
Published: July 2013

Reumatologia jest dziedziną medycyny, w której należy zachować staranność w diagnostyce różnicowej, aby wykluczyć chorobę rozrostową. Symptomatologia objawów w obu grupach chorób jest bardzo podobna. Często występują: bóle stawów i mięśni, ubytek masy ciała, zmiany skórne, nieprawidłowe wyniki badań laboratoryjnych. Szczególną uwagę powinny wzbudzić nietypowe objawy reumatyczne o nagłym początku. Czasami objawy te są maską reumatyczną, która poprzedza rozpoznanie nowotworu. Istotne jest, by rozpoznać cechy paranowotworowe chorób reumatycznych najwcześniej, jak to możliwe. Leczenie choroby nowotworowej może spowodować wycofanie się objawów reumatycznych.

W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono trzy przypadki reumatycznej maski nowotworu.
Lung tuberculosis in a patient suffering from granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's granulomatosis) and receiving immunosuppressive treatment
Authors: Tomasiewicz Beata , Rozumek Grzegorz , Świerkot Jerzy
Published: July 2013

Ziarniniakowatość z zapaleniem naczyń (dawniej Wegenera) jest układową chorobą spowodowaną zapaleniem naczyń z ich następczą martwicą i tworzeniem ziarniniaków. W odróżnieniu od gruźlicy, etiologia choroby nie jest znana. Gruźlica to choroba zakaźna, wywoływana przez prątek Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mimo tak różnej etiologii, objawy kliniczne u chorych z ziarniniakowatością z zapaleniem naczyń lub gruźlicą często są podobne i mogą stwarzać trudności diagnostyczne. Dodatkowym utrudnieniem jest fakt, że zakażenie prątkiem gruźlicy może indukować powstawanie przeciwciał, np. przeciwko cytoplazmie neutrofilów (anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies – ANCA), uznawanych za wskaźniki w innych chorobach, w tym również w układowych zapaleniach naczyń.

W artykule autorzy przedstawiają przypadek chorej z ziarninia­kowatością z zapaleniem naczyń, u której doszło do aktywacji latentnego zakażenia prątkiem gruźlicy w czasie leczenia immunosupresyjnego.
Augmented in vitro expression of CCL2 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with the presence of interstitial lung disease in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Kowal Krzysztof , Bielecki Marek , Sacharzewska Ewa , Bernatowicz Paweł , Naumnik Wojciech , Kowal-Bielecka Otylia
Published: July 2013

Cel pracy: Śródmiąższowa choroba płuc (ŚChP) jest główną przyczyną zgonów wśród chorych na twardzinę układową (TU). CCL2 jest chemokiną o silnym działaniu prozapalnym oraz stymulującym procesy włóknienia. Celem pracy było porównanie ekspresji CCL2 w hodowlach komórek jednojądrowych krwi obwodowej (KJKO) u chorych na TU z oraz bez ŚChP.

Materiał i metody: Do badania zakwalifikowano 23 chorych na TU (11 z i 12 bez ŚChP). Grupę kontrolną stanowiło 12 zdrowych osób odpowiednio dobranych pod względem płci i wieku. Ekspresję RNA oceniano metodą łańcuchowej reakcji polimerazy w czasie rzeczywistym, a stężenie CCL2 – za pomocą komercyjnie dostępnych zestawów ELISA w hodowlach KJKO bez i po stymulacji LPS.

Wyniki: Zarówno spontaniczna ekspresja RNA CCL2, jak i stężenia CCL2 w nadsączach w KJKO od chorych ze ŚChP była istotnie wyższa w porównaniu z chorymi bez ŚChP. Stymulacja za pomocą LPS powodowała wzrost ekspresji CCL2 u wszystkich osób zakwalifikowanych do badania. Zarówno ekspresja RNA CCL2, jak i stężenia CCL2 w nadsączach KJKO stymulowanych LPS od chorych ze ŚChP były istotnie wyższe w porównaniu z tymi parametrami u chorych bez ŚChP. Zakres zmian skórnych oraz częstość występowania przeciwciał przeciwko topoizomerazie I (anty-topo I) były istotnie wyższe u chorych ze ŚChP w porównaniu z chorymi bez ŚChP. Jednakże w analizie regresji wielokrotnej obejmującej postać choroby (TU uogólniona lub ograniczona) oraz obecność anty-topo I, spontaniczna oraz stymulowana LPS ekspresja RNA dla CCL2, a także stężenia CCL2 w komórkach stymulowanych LPS były niezależnymi predykatorami ŚChP u chorych na TU.

Wnioski: Wykazano, że wzmożona ekspresja CCL2 w KJKO wiąże się z obecnością ŚChP u chorych na TU. Wyniki pracy wskazują, że zwiększona ekspresja CCL2 w KJKO może odgrywać rolę w patogenezie ŚChP w przebiegu TU.
Special aspects in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Kur-Zalewska Joanna , Tłustochowicz Witold
Published: July 2013

W artykule przedstawiono sytuacje szczególne w leczeniu tocznia rumieniowatego układowego, w tym okres ciąży, oraz istotne klinicznie choroby współistniejące, tj. wtórny zespół antyfosfolipidowy i tętnicze nadciśnienie płucne.
Eosinophilic fasciitis in a 5-year-old boy
Authors: Gruenpeter Anna , Lachór-Motyka Iwona , Gorczyca Daiva , Siwiec Andrzej
Published: July 2013

Eozynofilowe zapalenie powięzi (EZP) rzadko występuje w wieku dziecięcym. W artykule opisano przypadek 5-letniego chłopca, który został przyjęty do szpitala z powodu obserwowanego od 2 miesięcy uogólnionego

stwardnienia i zaczerwienienia skóry z towarzyszącymi przykurczami stawów obwodowych kończyn górnych i dolnych, bólami mięśni, poprzedzonego stanami gorączkowymi. Wyniki badań laboratoryjnych wykazały eozynofilię krwi obwodowej. W badaniu fizykalnym stwierdzono objaw bruzdy i skórki pomarańczowej. Po

wykonaniu badań laboratoryjnych, obrazowych, histopatologicznego wycinka skórno-mięśniowego rozpoznano eozynofilowe zapalenie powięzi. Wleczeniu zastosowano metyloprednizolon, metotreksat, chlorochinę, zabiegi rehabilitacyjne. Badanie kontrolne po 5 miesiącach wykazało mniejsze stwardnienie skóry i tkanki podskórnej, poprawę ruchomości stawów, poprawę sprawności i wydolności dziecka. Reasumując – w przypadku wystąpienia uogólnionego stwardnienia skóry z towarzyszącymi niebolesnymi przykurczami stawów u dzieci

wdiagnostyce różnicowej należy brać pod uwagę eozynofilowe zapalenie powięzi. Skojarzone leczenie pozwala szybko uzyskać poprawę

sprawności i wydolności dziecka.
Ice water content of Arctic, midlatitude, and tropical cirrus – Part 2: Extension of the database and new statistical analysis
Authors: Luebke A. E. , Avallone L. M. , Schiller C. , Meyer J. , Rolf C. , Krämer M.
Published: July 2013

Abstract. Ice clouds are known to be major contributors to radiative forcing in the Earth's atmosphere, yet describing their microphysical properties in climate models remains challenging. Among these properties, the ice water content (IWC) of cirrus clouds is of particular interest both because it is measurable and because it can be directly related to a number of other radiatively important variables such as extinction and effective radius. This study expands upon the work of Schiller et al. (2008), extending a climatology of IWC by combining datasets from several European and US airborne campaigns and ground-based lidar measurements over Jülich, Germany. The relationship between IWC and temperature is further investigated using the new merged dataset and probability distribution functions (PDFs). A PDF-based formulation allows for representation of not only the mean values of IWC, but also the variability of IWC within a temperature band. The IWC-PDFs are observed to be bimodal over the whole cirrus temperature range. This bimodality is also found in ice crystal number PDFs and might be attributed to different cirrus formation mechanisms such as heterogeneous and homogeneous freezing.
Linking biogenic hydrocarbons to biogenic aerosol in the Borneo rainforest
Authors: Hamilton J. F. , Alfarra M. R. , Robinson N. , Ward M. W. , Lewis A. C. , McFiggans G. B. , Coe H. , Allan J. D.
Published: July 2013

Abstract. Emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds are though to contribute significantly to secondary organic aerosol formation in the tropics, but understanding the process of these transformations has proved difficult, due to the complexity of the chemistry involved and very low concentrations. Aerosols from above a South East Asian tropical rainforest in Borneo were characterised using liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry, high resolution aerosol mass spectrometry and fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICRMS) techniques. Oxygenated compounds were identified in ambient organic aerosol that could be directly traced back to isoprene, monoterpenes and sesquiterpene emissions, by combining field data on chemical structures with mass spectral data generated from synthetically produced products created in a simulation chamber. Eighteen oxygenated species of biogenic origin were identified in the rainforest aerosol from the precursors isoprene, α-pinene, limonene, α-terpinene and β-caryophyllene. The observations provide the unambiguous field detection of monoterpene and sesquiterpene oxidation products in SOA above a pristine tropical rainforest. The presence of 2-methyltetrol organosulfates and an associated sulfated dimer provides direct evidence that isoprene in the presence of sulfate aerosol can make a contribution to biogenic organic aerosol above tropical forests. High-resolution mass spectrometry indicates that sulfur can also be incorporated into oxidation products arising from monoterpene precursors in tropical aerosol.
Technical Note: Weight approximation of single coccoliths inferred from retardation estimates using a light microscope equipped with a circular polariser – (the CPR Method)
Authors: Bollmann J.
Published: July 2013

Abstract. A new method for weight estimates of single coccoliths using the birefringence of calcite is described. The weight estimates of 364 Holocene coccoliths using this new method are in good agreement with published volumetric estimates. A robust calibration method based on the measurement of a calibration target of known retardation enables the comparison of data between different imaging systems. Therefore, the new method overcomes the shortcomings of the error prone empirical calibration procedure of a previously reported method based on birefringence of calcite. In addition, the new method includes the application of a circular polariser that eliminates the extinction pattern in crossed polarised light. This imaging method allows for the first time the imaging of complete coccoliths on a light microscope at maximum interference colours without moving any mechanical part of the microscope. Therefore, it greatly simplifies the identification of coccolithophore species on the light microscope as well as the calculation of the area and thus weight of a coccolith.
Biogeography of planktonic bacterial communities across the whole Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Mapelli F. , Varela M. M. , Barbato M. , Alvariño R. , Fusi M. , Álvarez M. , Merlino G. , Daffonchio D. , Borin S.
Published: July 2013

Abstract. Bacterial population distribution in the Mediterranean Sea has been mainly studied by considering small geographical areas or specific phylogenetic groups. The present study is a molecular microbiology investigation aimed to identify the environmental factors driving total bacterioplankton community composition of seawater samples collected along a transect covering the whole Mediterranean Sea. We performed automated ribosomal intergenic sequence analysis (ARISA) and microscope evaluation of prokaryotic abundance of seawater sampled across both vertical profiles and longitudinal transects in the whole basin. Prokaryotic abundance decreased with depth at all the stations and presented similar values in epi-, meso- and bathypelagic layers across the whole Mediterranean Sea. However, peculiar bacterial assemblages were selected along a longitudinal transect in the epipelagic layers of the eastern and western sub-basins. Vertical differences of the bacterial communities were observed only when considering the epi- and bathypelagic waters, while the study of the structure of bacterial communities at a finer scale across the water column displayed higher variability at the intermediate layers. Nonetheless, different physico-chemical factors were significantly related to the distribution of bacterial populations, both according to geographic position and down the water column in the whole Mediterranean Sea. These results demonstrated that bacterial assemblages are putatively correlated to different water masses of the complex hydrographical systems of the eastern and western Mediterranean sub-basins.
Time dependent properties of sandstones and their effects on mine stability
Authors: Alber M.
Published: July 2013

Abstract. Large scale stress redistribution around longwall panels in coal mines puts rock masses in the vicinity of the underground excavations close to failure. While immediate failure is reflected for example by instantaneous seismic events, there is also a delayed response of the rock mass as noted from decaying seismicity during non-operating times. Sandstone samples from the hanging wall of a coal seam in the Ruhr coal mining district in Germany have been subjected to conventional strength, creep and relaxation tests. From creep and relaxation tests estimates of time dependent strength properties are derived. Numerical modeling was employed to delineate zones of states of stress around underground excavations which are prone to time dependent failure.
Full-fit reconstruction of the Labrador Sea and Baffin Bay
Authors: Hosseinpour M. , Müller R. D. , Williams S. E. , Whittaker J. M.
Published: July 2013

Abstract. Reconstructing the opening of the Labrador Sea and Baffin Bay between Greenland and North America remains controversial. Recent seismic data suggest that magnetic lineations along the margins of the Labrador Sea, originally interpreted as seafloor spreading anomalies, may lie within the crust of the continent–ocean transition. These data also suggest a more seaward extent of continental crust within the Greenland margin near the Davis Strait than assumed in previous full-fit reconstructions. Our study focuses on reconstructing the full-fit configuration of Greenland and North America using an approach that considers continental deformation in a quantitative manner. We use gravity inversion to map crustal thickness across the conjugate margins, and assimilate observations from available seismic profiles and potential field data to constrain the likely extent of different crustal types. We derive end-member continental margin restorations following alternative interpretations of published seismic profiles. The boundaries between continental and oceanic crust (COB) are restored to their pre-stretching locations along small circle motion paths across the region of Cretaceous extension. Restored COBs are fitted quantitatively to compute alternative total-fit reconstructions. A preferred full-fit model is chosen based on the strongest compatibility with geological and geophysical data. Our preferred model suggests that (i) the COB lies oceanward of magnetic lineations interpreted as magnetic anomaly 31 (70 Ma) in the Labrador Sea, (ii) all previously identified magnetic lineations landward of anomaly 27 reflect intrusions into continental crust, and (iii) the Ungava fault zone in Davis Strait acted as a leaky transform fault during rifting. This robust plate reconstruction reduces gaps and overlaps in the Davis Strait and suggests that there is no need for alternative models proposed for reconstructions of this area including additional plate boundaries in North America or Greenland. Our favored model implies that break up and formation of continent–ocean transition (COT) first started in the southern Labrador Sea and Davis Strait around 88 Ma and then propagated north and southwards up to onset of real seafloor spreading at 63 Ma in the Labrador Sea. In the Baffin Bay, continental stretching lasted longer and actual break up and seafloor spreading started around 61 Ma (Chron 26).
Alcanzando Niños en las Fronteras (Reaching Children Along the U.S./Mexico Border): A Program for Disadvantaged Children
Authors: Martin Shari Shamsavari St.
Published: July 2013

The Alcanzando Niños en las Fronteras project brings together years of biofeedback, art therapy, and somatic education work with underprivileged and disadvantaged children. The program is designed to reach the most at-risk youth in Mexico: those children living in towns along the U.S./Mexico border. These towns are racked with violence due to the drug wars, and the children in these towns are especially susceptible to being led into illegal activities. In cooperation with Sonoma State University, the U.S. State Department, the Government of Mexico, Rotary International, and a number of other organizations, the program will train more than 200 medical doctors in noninstrumental biofeedback methods, including art therapy, music, somatic training, autogenic breathing, temperature control, and reading. By reaching children early and educating families in prevention and health, the program will have a lasting impact on reducing illegal activities and bringing about true social change.
“To Set-Up Jah Kingdom”
Authors: Bedasse Monique
Published: July 2013

Through the life of Joshua Mkhululi, a Jamaican Rastafarian who repatriated to Tanzania in 1976, this article examines Rastafarian repatriation to Africa within the context of black internationalism. It argues that while the Rastafarian notion of return to Africa intersected with other diasporic ideas of return, the Pan-African thought that underlined diasporic back-to-Africa movements was contoured by the religious underpinnings of the Rastafarian movement.
In Vitro Activity of Balanites aegyptiaca and Tamarindus indica Fruit Extracts on Growth and Aflatoxigenicity of Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus
Authors: El-nagerabi Saifeldin Ahmed , Elshafie Abdulkadir E. , Elamin Mohamed R.
Published: July 2013

Aflatoxin and especially aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a carcinogenic secondary metabolite synthesized by certain Aspergillus species. They contaminate natural and processed agricultural and animal products which render them unfit for consumption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effects of Balanites aegyptiaca and Tamarindus indica fruit extracts on the growth and aflatoxin secretion of Aspergillus flavus (SQU21) and A. parasiticus (CBS921.7) strains. The two fruit extracts significantly (P < 0.05) reduced aflatoxin and did not inhibit mycelial dry weights of the two Aspergillus strains. At different concentrations of balanites (2.5-10%), the inhibition of total aflatoxin was 49.9-84.8% for A. flavus (SQU21) and 32.1-84.4% for A. parasiticus (CBS921.7), whereas the inhibition of aflatoxin Bwas 38.2-81.4% and 32.8-80.6% for the two strains. Tamarind fruit extract (2.5-7.5%) caused 28.8-84.2% and 40.7-85.5% reductions in total aflatoxin and 37.1-83.5% and 33.9-85.9% in aflatoxin B for the two strains, respectively. None of these extracts inhibited the fungal growth or detoxified synthetic aflatoxin B1. We have concluded that these fruits contain various inhibitors to aflatoxin biosynthesis and secretion. Therefore, they can be used in combination as safe green biopreservatives to combat aflatoxin contamination of food.
Options for Operation and Maintenance Partnerships - A Case Study of Rupike Irrigation Scheme, Zimbabwe
Authors: Mwendera Emmanuel , Chilonda Pius , Chigura Patrick
Published: July 2013

Adequate operation and maintenance (O&M) of irrigation infrastructure sustains irrigation scheme facilities, reduces repair costs, helps the system last longer, and keeps irrigation efficiency at design levels. In cases where farmers do not have sufficient capacity to operate and maintain the irrigation infrastructure sustainably, it is necessary for the farmers to enter into partnerships with external entities. The paper presents assessment of partnerships required for small-scale farmers at Rupike Irrigation scheme, in Masvingo, Zimbabwe, to operate and maintain their irrigation infrastructure sustainably. The O&M domain in the irrigation scheme consisted of five components of water acquisition (WA), water transmission (WT), water pumping (WP), water distribution (WD) and field water application (WAP). Group discussions of the farmers were held to obtain farmers’ input in the identification of components and activities for which partnerships were required. It was proposed that the scheme requires public-community partnership (PUCP) to operate and maintain the dam, public-private-community partnership (PUPVTCP) to operate and maintain the pump house, private-community partnership (PVTCP) to operate and maintain the transmission and mainline and field distribution pipelines, and public-community partnership (PUCP) to operate and maintain field application and crop production systems. It was also proposed that each partnership be formalised through contractual arrangements. It was recommended that the farmers improve funding for O&M through increased contributions as well as through partnerships with the private sector. It was also recommended that, for effective partnerships in irrigation schemes, it is important to analyse the scheme components and identify where and how such partnerships are needed for sustainable O&M of scheme infrastructure.
Sobre la filosofia de l’humanista valencià Joan Serra al "De contemplatione amicicie". Notes a una traducció catalana
Authors: Cuenca Almenar Salvador
Published: July 2013

Resum: Presentem la traducció catalana del De contemplatione amicicie, escrit per l’humanista valenciàJoan Serra l’any 1454. La traducció parteix de l’edició curada per Evencio Beltran de l’únic manuscritconegut: BNF ms Nat. lat. 8756. La translació s’acompanya d’una introducció historicofilosòficaarticulada al voltant de l’analogia fonamental de l’obra, a saber, la concòrdia absoluta de dos amicsés com la unió perfecta del cos i de l’ànima humana. S’hi analitzen les fonts fonamentals: Cicerói Pseudo-Agustí, i s’hi constata l’organització dual dels continguts del text, en tant que dedica elscapítols senars a la consideració de la unió del cos i l’ànima segons la filosofia natural, mentre queels parells a la concòrdia absoluta dels amics virtuosos d’acord amb la filosofia moral.Paraules clau: Joan Serra, Ciceró, Pseudo-Agustí, Filosofia moral de l’amistat, Humanismevalencià.Abstract: We present the Catalan translation of De contemplatione amicicie, written by the Valencianhumanist Joan Serra in 1454. The translation is based on the only known manuscript (BNFms Nat. lat. 8756), edited by Evencio Beltran. The likelihood of the perfect union between bodyand soul and the complete accord between two friends is the basic analogy of the text and guidesthe composition of a historical and philosophical introduction that precedes the translation. Weanalyze its main sources, namely, Cicero and Pseudo-Augustine. Moreover, we reveal the dual organizationof the text, which devotes odd chapters to natural philosophy and to the union betweenbody and soul, while even chapters to ethics and to the absolute accord between virtuous friends.Keywords: JoanSerra, Cicero, Pseudo-Augustine, moral philosophy of friendship, Valencian humanism
Approssimazione all’edizione italiana della Cronica generale d’Hispagna et del regno di Valenza di Pere Antoni Beuter (Venezia, Gabriele Giolito de’ Ferrari, 1556): l’esemplare della “Biblioteca Civica” di Verona
Authors: Bellomi Paola
Published: July 2013

Riassunto: Il presente saggio si propone come una prima approssimazione allo studio dell’edizioneitaliana della Cronaca generale d’Hispagna et del regno di Valenza di Pere Antoni Beuter, pubblicatanel 1556 a Venezia da Gabriele Giolito de’ Ferrari nella traduzione dello spagnolo Alfonso deUlloa. Quest’opera storiografica si inserisce in un contesto culturale importantissimo come quellodella Venezia del Cinquecento, particolarmente effervescente nel campo dell’editoria con figure diprim’ordine come Giolito e Ulloa. Il saggio si divide in tre momenti: il primo è costituito da unabreve introduzione sull’opera di Beuter e sulla traduzione di Ulloa; il secondo presenta la schedacatalografica dell’esemplare conservato presso la Biblioteca Civica di Verona; infine il terzo esponesinteticamente i contenuti della Cronaca.Parole chiave: Pere Antoni Beuter, Alfonso de Ulloa, Gabriele Giolito de’ Ferrari, Cronaca generaled’Hispagna et del regno di ValenzaAbstract: This essay is an approximation to the study of the the Italian edition of Pere AntoniBeuter’s Cronica generale d’Hispagna et del regno di Valenza, translated by the Spaniard Alfonso de Ulloa and published in Venice in 1556 by Gabriele Giolito de’ Ferrari. This chronicle is part of a majorcultural context, that of the Venice of the XVI century, very active in the emerging publishingbusiness with personalities such as Giolito and Ulloa. The essay is divided into three sections: 1. ashort introduction about the author and the translator; 2. the analytic description of the copy ofthe «Biblioteca Civica di Verona»; 3. the summaries of the contents of the Cronaca generale.Keywords: Pere Antoni Beuter, Alfonso de Ulloa, Gabriele Giolito de’ Ferrari, Cronaca generaled’Hispagna et del regno di Valenza, Biblioteca Civica di Verona
Variació funcional i expressió de l'evidencialitat en el català del s. XV: la traducció de Les paradoxa de Ferran Valentí
Authors: Antolí Martínez Jordi Manuel
Published: July 2013

Resum: L’anàlisi comparativa de l’obra de Ciceró Paradoxa Stoicorum i la traducció del s. XV fetaper Ferran Valentí és d’alguna utilitat des de la perspectiva lingüística. En aquest article, examinemun element d’interès per a la semàntica del català: l’expressió de l’evidencialitat mitjançant algunsverbs com jutjar, estimar, pensar, sentir, etc. En aquest estudi, observem com tradueix Valentí elsverbs llatins en català i provem de reconèixer quins evidentials del català medieval són el resultatd’una interferència del llatí. L’objectiu és establir el valor evidencial de cadascun d’aquests verbs i feraixí un primer acostament a l’expressió de l’evidencialitat en un registre formal del català medieval.Paraules clau: Evidencialitat, Català antic, Ferran Valentí, Onomasiologia, Registre lingüísticAbstract: A comparative analysis of the work of Cicero Paradoxa Stoicorum and the 15thtranslation by Ferran Valentí is of some linguistic utility. In this article, we examine a point ofinterest to Catalan semantics: the expression of the evidentiality by means of some verbs suchas jutjar, estimar, pensar, sentir, etc. In this study, we note how Valentí translates the Latin verbsin Catalan and we try to recognize which evidentials in the Medieval Catalan are the result of aninterference from a form that is peculiar to Latin. The aim is to establish its evidential value in orderto describe the formal uses of evidentiality in Medieval Catalan.Keywords: Evidentiality, Old Catalan, Ferran Valentí, Onomasiology, Linguistic register