bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disentangling the complexity of India ’s agricultural sector
Authors: Raghothama Jayanth , Meijer Sebastiaan , King Robin
Published: June 2016

Agricultural policies in India directly impact the livelihoods of close to two thirds of India’s population. Through policies, the government manages food security, urban and rural poverty, energy, and infrastructure, among others. Given the current state of India’s governance, the connection between policy making and its results in society becomes a key issue for research. This paper presents a game for use as a research instrument. The game can facilitate research into the policy making process at various levels of the government in India. The design is intended to understand the complexity of the institutional arrangement that defines and implements agricultural policies. The game integrates with other games that simulate other aspects of the agricultural system in India. The paper presents the verification and validation cycles followed, and identifies further steps for field validation.
Economic aspects of an agricultural innovation – precision crop production
Authors: Takácsné György Katalin
Published: June 2016

Innovation in agriculture ensures the wide-spread use of the latest, up-to-date technology. Such new technology is precision farming in crop production, which serves as a validation of the criteria of environmental and economic sustainability. The economic applicability of precision crop production depends on several factors.Among them the following aspects must be emphasized: the size of the farm, the characteristics of the production structure, the current input-output prices and their tendencies, the investment needed for transitioning to precision technology and its capital source, the level of professional knowledge and the managerial attitudes of the farm. I have examined the economic relations between potential savings in chemicals on EU level. It has been found that after switching to precision farming, the active ingredient use for fertilizers can be reduced by 340 thousand tons at the same expected yield level in an optimistic scenario in the EU-27, while the savings in pesticide use can be 30 thousand tons (calculating with the current dose-level). If approximately 30% of the crop producing and mixed farms over 16 ESU adopt this new technology, this will diminish environmental loads by up to 10-35%. The majority of farms characterized by greater output and size can be based on their own equipment but it might as well be presumed that smaller farms can turn to precision farming not based on their own investment. They can buy the technical service from providers, they can establish producer cooperation, for example in the frame of machinery rings. At a certain farm size and farming intensity precision crop production is a real, environmentally friendly farming strategy, with the help of which the farm can reach earnings that cover at least the economic conditions of simple reproduction.
Externality effects of honey production
Authors: Árváné Ványi Georgina , Csapó Zsolt , Kárpáti László
Published: June 2016

Bee-keeping and honey production has a long history in Hungary. Honey is an important and healthy food of people and it can be consumed without any human processing. The honey production has important role, too. Some researchers say that if honey bee will extinct the humanity in the world would also extinct. It is true since plant pollination by honey bees is very important. It is confirmed by researchers’ studies that plant pollination by honey bees has significant positive external impacts on potential yields in orchards. Although the contribution of honey production to the GDP in Hungary is only a few per cent, other benefits play more important role. One of them is the positive external effect – mentioned above – and the other is the contribution to the biodiversity of the nature. This paper focuses on secondary research methods, gathering and evaluating data regarding the positive external impacts of plant pollination by honey bees as well as finding possible solution for the problem that bee-keepers have a lot of costs in connection with carrying honey bees to orchards, while farmers “only” benefit from the positive externality of plant pollination of their fields. To evaluate its economic effects a numerical HEEM-model was developed and applied for the Hungarian situation.
Comparing the levels of expectation and satisfaction of Indian and foreign adventure tourists visiting India
Authors: Lather Anu Singh
Published: June 2016

Purpose – The present study is undertaken to explore the difference between expectation and satisfaction level of Indian and foreign adventure tourists and the relationship between the levels of expectation and satisfaction of Indian and foreign adventure tourists.Methodology – The data has been gathered from a sample of 300 adventure tourists comprising of 150 Indians and 150 foreigners. A principal component analysis with varimax rotation has identified 28 relevant items, which are broadly clustered into 6 significant factors. They are labeled as Aesthetic Appeal, Facilities, Accommodation, Information, Food and Safety and Security.Findings – The findings of this study revealed significant differences between the levels of expectation and satisfaction of adventure tourists of Indian and foreign origin. The level of expectation among the Indian and foreign adventure tourist is higher and, comparatively, the level of satisfaction is lower. The level of expectation and the level of satisfaction of Indian adventure tourists are positively and significantly correlated with respect to variables such as Aesthetic Appeal, Facilities, Safety and Security and Accommodation. For the foreign adventure tourist, the level of expectation and level of satisfaction are positively and significantly correlated with respect to variables such as Information, Aesthetic Appeal, Facilities and Food.Practical Implications – The research findings will help in the promotion of adventure tourism in India.Originality/ Value – The identified factors can be used for similar kinds of studies at different destinations. The results of the study would be instrumental in developing strategies for ensuring more satisfied tourists.
The economic and social role of private farms in Hungarian agriculture
Authors: Harangi-Rákos Mónika , Szabó Gábor
Published: June 2016

The situation and importance of private farms in Hungary have significantly changed and are still changing due to the political and economic regime change of 1989-90 and subsequent events. The aim of this study is to provide – unlike the practice of the last two decades – an impartial review of the social and economic role of Hungarian private farms. To demonstrate the changes occurring in private farms, we rely on the data of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office (HCSO-KSH)such as the General Structure Surveys, the Farm Structure Surveys, and tables from the online stADAT database. From the point of view of methodology, time series analyses (2000–2010) were performed in the framework of this secondary research. Our hypothesis that private farms in Hungary deserve much more attention than previously, from the perspective of the output of Hungarian agriculture, food consumption and, last but not least, employment (the environmental factor was not examined this time) has been clearly confirmed. The role and significance of this group have also been exceedingly important since EU accession, particularly in the fields of horticulture and animal husbandry, and the strengthening of these positions is indisputably a national economic interest.
Are There Any Indonesian Philosophers? Dealing with a Common Question and Possible Answers
Authors: Al Makin Al Makin
Published: June 2016

This article is an attempt to expose the idea of, or possibility to reclaim, Indonesian philosophy, but it is not the intention of this article to go into a detailed reading of particular works. It aims at offering a modest proposal, or an outline, sketching many possibilities of reading Indonesian works. It deals with a daunting question often posed by Indonesian students and scholars whether Indonesia can produce a philosopher or philosophical works. This article starts with addressing the question and looks for possible answers through classical Indonesian works not only from writing tradition but also material cultures, such as architectural works. It argues that Indonesian works are materials and sources worth rereading and reinterpreting through which Indonesian philosophers or philosophical works can be reclaimed, or at least unearthed. Although these works may not sound philosophical, the ways in which readers appreciate them can lead to the discovery of a unique Indonesian philosophy.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v20i1.826
Validez y fi abilidad del cuestionario de disfrute por el ejercicio físico (PACES) en adolescentes con sobrepeso y obesidad
Authors: Latorre-Román Pedro Ángel
Published: June 2016

Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio es evaluar las propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario de disfrute por el ejercicio físico (PACES) enadolescentes con sobrepeso y obesidad.Métodos: participaron 139 adolescentes con sobrepeso y obesidad: 91 niñas (edad = 13,85 ± 1,92 años; índice de masa corporal [IMC] =26,83 ± 3,16 kg/m2) y 48 niños (edad = 14,29 ± 1,62 años; IMC = 28,31 ± 3,74 kg/m2). Para analizar el disfrute por la actividad física seempleó el cuestionario Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES).Resultados: los resultados del análisis factorial exploratorio y confi rmatorio han mostrado una estructura de dos factores; a su vez el PACESpresenta una consistencia interna muy alta (alfa de Cronbach = 0,908). La fi abilidad test-retest indica una buena concordancia temporal (Spearmanrho = 0,815, p < 0,001). Por último, el PACES en adolescentes con sobrepeso y obesidad manifi esta una validez convergente adecuadacon la intencionalidad de ser activo (MIFA), la atracción por la actividad física (CAPA), la resistencia cardiorrespiratoria y los pliegues suprailiacoy subescapular.Conclusión: los resultados confi rman que el PACES es una medida válida y fi able del disfrute por la actividad física en adolescentes consobrepeso y obesidad. El disfrute por la actividad física puede ser relevante en la participación de los adolescentes con sobrepeso y obesidaden estas actividades.
Asociación del polimorfi smo TNF-alpha -308 G/A con los cambios metabólicos secundarios a una dieta hipocalórica rica en proteínas/baja en hidratos de carbono versus una dieta hipocalórica estándar
Authors: A. de Luis Daniel
Published: June 2016

Antecedentes: los diferentes estudios genéticos han identifi cado un cambio G-> A en la región promotora del gen de TNF-alfa en la posición-308 (rs1800629).Objetivo: el objetivo de nuestro estudio fue investigar la infl uencia del polimorfi smo en -308 GA del gen TNF-alfa en la respuesta metabólica yla pérdida de peso secundarias a dos dietas hipocalóricas.Método: una muestra de 283 sujetos obesos fue evaluada en forma prospectiva consecutiva. En la visita basal, los pacientes fueron asignadosal azar durante 9 meses a una dieta HP (dieta de alto valor proteico/baja en hidratos de carbono) y dieta S (dieta hipocalórica estándar).Resultados: no hubo diferencias signifi cativas entre los efectos positivos sobre la pérdida de peso entre los grupos genotipo con ambas dietas.Con ambas dietas y solo en el genotipo salvaje (dieta HP vs. dieta S), el colesterol total (-9,1 ± 3,4 mg/dl vs. -6,9 ± 2,0 mg/dl; p > 0,05), colesterolLDL (-9,0 ± 2,9 mg/dl vs. -6,5 ± 2,1 mg/dl; p > 0,05) y los triglicéridos (-23,1 ± 5,1 mg/dl vs. -12,3 ± 4,8 mg/dl; p < 0,05) disminuyeronsignifi cativamente. La mejora de los triglicéridos fue mayor en sujetos sin el alelo A. Con la dieta HP y solo en el genotipo salvaje, los niveles deinsulina (-3,1 ± 1,8 UI/l; p < 0,05) y HOMA-R (-0,8 ± 0,1 unidades; p < 0,05) disminuyeron.Conclusión: los obesos portadores de la variante -308 GG del gen TNF tienen una mejor respuesta metabólica que los sujetos con genotipo-308 GA con una dieta hipocalórica rica en proteínas.
A Comparitive Study on Working Capital Management of Selected Pharmaceutical Companies in India
Authors: Viswanathan Dr. M. , Palanisamy Dr. A. , Mahesh R.
Published: June 2016

Working capital management refers to management of current assets and of current liabilities. Every company may have an optimal level of working capital that maximizes their value. Prior evidence has determined the relationship between working capital and performance. The working capital management was determined by the cash conversion period and position of working capital, indicated by profitability and liquidity analysis. As the data selected for the study consists of observations in a time series manner so, analytical method is used in this study. Ten companies were selection during the study period is confined only 10 years from 2003-2004 to 2012-2013. The financial and statistical tools used for the study were Ratio Analysis, Descriptive Statistics and Indices. Results indicate that high investment in inventories and receivable lead to lower profitability and current assets to total assets lead to higher profitability. The results conclude that a strong relationship between working capital management and financial position of selected pharmaceutical companies in India.
Organizational Culture in the Hospitality Sector: A Study of two organizations in Nagpur city
Authors: Shaikh Parvin
Published: June 2016

Organizational culture refers to the common beliefs and values that are present in the organization which guides the behavior of its members. Organizational culture affects the way people and groups interact with each other, with clients, and with stakeholders. The main purpose of this paper is to study the OCTAPACE Culture at two different organizations belonging to Hospitality sector in Nagpur. The paper also aims to find out if there are differences in the culture of the two organizations. OCTAPACE profile instrument developed by Udai Pareek was used to study the cultural ethos at the selected organizations. Data analysis was done using SPSS. Findings indicate that the both the organizations scored within the normative values on five dimensions (Collaboration, Trust, Autonomy, Pro action, Confrontation), whereas one organization had excellent scores on two dimensions (Authenticity, Experimenting), the other scored below the lowest normative value on Openness.
Polycythemia Vera: New Diagnostic Concept and Its Types
Authors: Kovrigina Alla Mikhailovna , Baikov V.V.
Published: June 2016

Polycythemia vera (PV) is a clonal Ph-negative myeloproliferative disorder characterized by excessive myeloid proliferation of three hematopoietic cell lineages leading to ineffective myelopoiesis. According to WHO classification (2008), hemoglobin and hematocrit values are listed among the major diagnostic criteria. However, in many PV patients the levels may be below the diagnostic level, thus leading to underdiagnosis of PV. At present, three clinical types of the disease are recognized: 1) masked (latent/prodromal), 2) classic (overt), and 3) PV with progression/transformation into myelofibrosis. The masked form is most difficult for diagnosis, being highly heterogeneous with regard to clinical manifestations, laboratory data, medical history, and the course of the disease. It includes early stages, some of them with very high platelet count, imitating essential thrombocythemia, cases with abdominal thrombosis, and latent PV. Bone marrow trephine biopsy appears to be the most reliable method for diagnosis of masked PV. Findings typical for PV are readily visible, including hypercellular bone marrow with three-lineage myeloid proliferation, excess of megakaryocytes with mild to moderate cellular atypia and polymorphism. Grading of reticulin fibrosis has impact on prognosis and reflects the risk of progression into myelofibrosis. In revised edition of WHO classification (2016), the typical bone marrow histopathology will be included among the major criteria for the diagnosis of PV, meaning that bone marrow trephine biopsy is a mandatory diagnostic procedure in patients with borderline levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit.
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Prognostic Significance of Minimal Residual Disease and Potential of Modern Methods of Its Diagnosis and Therapy (Literature Review)
Authors: Kuvshinov A.Yu. , Voloshin Ergei Vladimirovich , Martynkevich I.S. , Kleina E.V. , Mikhaleva M.A. , Abdulkadyrov K.M.
Published: June 2016

Achieving a complete remission (CR) in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has become a feasible goal directly correlating with a prolonged survival. However, a certain number of tumor cells may be present in the patient’s body even when CR has been achieved, and this phenomenon is called a minimal residual disease (MRD). A lot of data confirming the necessity of MRD diagnosing and monitoring has emerged recently, since the MRD has a significant impact on the prognosis of CLL. Achieving MRD-negative remission is an independent predictor of long-term progression-free survival and overall survival. The occurrence of new diagnostic techniques has allowed to define the MRD and to develop standards for its assessment. This paper presents an overview of literature data about MRD, methods of its evaluation, prognostic significance, as well as the methods of eradication.
Modern Aspects of Diagnosis and Treatment of Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma in Children (Literature Review)
Authors: Levashov Andrei Sergeevich , Valiev T.T. , Kovrigina A.M. , Popa A.V. , Mentkevich G.L.
Published: June 2016

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) includes different types of the disease that are heterogeneous according to clinical, morphological, immunological, cytogenetic and molecular biological features. The review demonstrates not only main clinical and morphoimmunological characteristics of ALCL, but also presents data about expression and prognostic significance of STAT3, pSTAT3tyr705 (transcription factor), and survivin (apoptosis inhibitor). It demonstrates the value of defining the minimal disseminated disease (the minimal disseminated disease is evaluated using the PCR test before initiation of the treatment, and the minimal residual disease is evaluated during the treatment and after its completion), and clinical and molecular biological prognostic factors are also identified. There is still no a standard therapeutic regimen for pediatric ALCL patients. However, the following therapeutic protocols are considered most effective: NHL-BFM 90/95, CCG5941, SFOP-LM 89/91, UKCCSG, ALCL99-Vinblastine, POG АРО 9315, AIEOP LNH-92/97. Treatment outcomes are presented in this paper. Particular attention is paid to different molecular biological markers that allow further improvement of patients’ stratification in risk groups and possible use of target medications (multikinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies) improving the therapy outcomes.
Impact of Irrigation, Nitrogen Fertilization, and Spatial Management on Maize
Authors: Han Kun , Han Xue , Curtis Dell J. , Kleinman Peter J.A. , Wang Dong , Wang Linquan
Published: June 2016

Improving water and N use efficiency is essential to the sustainable intensification of irrigated agriculture, providing both crop production and environmental benefits. Partial root‐zone irrigation has emerged as one of the most promising forms of deficit irrigation, irrigating only one side of the root zone during an irrigation event while keeping the other side dry. By alternating partial root‐zone irrigation with N fertilization it is a possible trigger to physiologic responses in growing crops that reduce evapotranspiration as well as to curtail nitrate leaching associated with conventional irrigation. A growing body of research reveals that careful manipulation of irrigation and N fertilizer application increases maize yield, water use efficiency, and N use efficiency while decreasing soil N leaching, N2O emission, and NH3 loss. Success, however, hinges on tying management to the dynamics of soil moisture within fertilized furrows.

Part of the root system in drying soil could respond to drying by sending root‐sourced signals, such as abscisic acid, to the shoots where some of stomata may be closed to reduce water loss by evapotranspiration, but with little effect on photosynthesis.

Partial root‐zone irrigation could increase water use efficiency and nitrogne use efficiency, and improve fruits quality.

The separation of nitrogen and water with alternating furrow irrigation could not only keep the benefit of water saving due to soil re‐watering and re‐drying, but also have an effective strength on N use and reducing N leaching.

The soil moisture with fertilized furrows is co‐related to the availability and losses of nutrients, which has a major role on the benefits of separation of nitrogen and water with alternating furrow irrigation.
Influence of Soil Nitrogen and Water Supply on Canola Nitrogen Use Efficiency
Authors: Maaz Tai , Pan William , Hammac W.
Published: June 2016

Nitrogen fertilizer requirements for economic optimization of spring canola (Brassica napus L.) production in eastern Washington varies with yield potential. Recent research has revealed that more N is needed per unit of grain (UNR) as yield potential decreases. Because UNR is the inverse of N use efficiency (NUE) at optimal yield, the implication of this research is that canola becomes less efficient at using N as yield potential decreases. Our research goal was to identify the NUE components that contribute to higher potential yields with more available water. In both years of a two‐location experiment, grain yield (Gw), grain N (Ng), and N supply (Ns) were significantly greater with increasing available water supply. The NUE component analysis indicated that differences in water‐enhanced yields were associated with higher N uptake (plant N [Nt]/Ns) and utilization (Gw/Nt) efficiencies, which in turn were attributed to a higher grain N utilization efficiency (Gw/Ng) component, followed by higher N retention (available N [Nav]/Ns). Differences in grain N accumulation due to a greater availability of water was mostly attributed to greater N retention efficiency. With increasing available water and fertilization, spring canola became more efficient at accumulating (i) grain biomass per unit grain N and (ii) grain N per unit of available N supply. These results emphasize the need to develop breeding and management strategies to improve water use efficiency and to select canola cultivars capable of coping with water stress that limits grain biomass production per unit plant N accumulation.

Core Ideas

Spring canola exhibited Mitscherlich response to soil N and Liebig response to plant N.

Water availability limited yields by restricting N utilization, retention, and uptake.

Water availability limited grain N accumulation by lowering N uptake from soil.
General methodology for using Epanet as an optimization element in evolutionary algorithms in a grid computing environment for water distribution network design
Authors: Avila-Melgar Erika Yesenia , Cruz-Chávez Marco Antonio , Martinez-Bahena Beatriz
Published: June 2016

In this paper, an evolutionary algorithm, called EA-WDND, is developed to optimize water distribution network design for real instances. The evolutionary algorithm uses the Epanet Solver which, while not an optimizer, helps to evaluate the operational constraints of mass conservation, energy conservation, pressure in nodes (nodal heads) of the network, and velocities of water in network pipes. Epanet is used by the EA-WDND to evaluate whether the looped network is operating properly. Consequently, the EA-WDND obtains feasible configurations of network design. The best configuration, which has the lowest cost and best performance according to defined constraints, is obtained by the EA-WDND. This configuration can be practically implemented in real life. In this paper, a methodology for using Epanet Solver with a parallel evolutionary algorithm is presented.
Cellulose bearing Schiff base and carboxylic acid chelating groups: a low cost and green adsorbent for heavy metal ion removal from aqueous solution
Authors: Saravanan R. , Ravikumar L.
Published: June 2016

Chemically modiﬁed cellulose bearing metal binding sites like Schiff base and carboxylic acid groups was synthesized and characterized through Fourier transform infrared and solid state 13C–nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. The chemically modiﬁed cellulose (Cell-PA) adsorbent was examined for its metal ion uptake ability for Cu(II) and Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution. Kinetic and isotherm studies were carried out under optimum conditions. Pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm fit well with the experimental data. Thermodynamic studies were also performed along with adsorption regeneration performance studies. The adsorbent (Cell-PA) shows high potential for the removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) metal ions, and it shows antibacterial activity towards selected microorganisms.
An approach to biodegradation of chlorobenzenes: combination of Typha angustifolia and bacterial effects on hexachlorobenzene degradation in water
Authors: Wang Bei , Zhang Cuiping , Li Shuying , Lu Guangqiu , Lu Guoli , Li Song , Zhou Yuanqing
Published: June 2016

Although rhizoremediation is an effective approach to remove organic pollutants from the environment, little is known about the mechanism of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) biodegradation in water. In this study, we used Typha angustifolia (T. angustifolia) grown in sterile Hoagland nutrient solution to determine the rhizosphere effects on the ability of bacteria in water to reduce HCB levels. The results revealed that T. angustifolia could facilitate HCB degradation and that the initial HCB concentration was the major factor responsible for HCB degradation in nutrient solution. Furthermore, HCB biodegradation in low-HCB nutrient solution with T. angustifolia fitted the first-order kinetics, owing to the high concentration of total organic carbon, low HCB toxicity, and unique bacterial community in the T. angustifolia rhizosphere. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis indicated that the rhizosphere effects and different dosages of HCB have significant effects on the bacterial communities by repressing and favoring certain populations. The most successful bacteria to adapt to HCB contamination was Bacillus sp., while the dominant bacterial phyla in HCB-polluted water were Proteobacteria and Firmicutes.
Modeling of eutrophication and strategies for improvement of water quality in reservoirs
Authors: Shourian Mojtaba , Moridi Ali , Kaveh Mohammad
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this study is to survey the thermal regime and eutrophication states in Ilam reservoir in Iran as the case study. For this purpose and to find solutions for improving the water's quality in the reservoir, two general strategies for reducing the entering pollution loads and water depletions from the reservoir's outlets were analyzed by use of the CE-QUAL-W2 model. Results of the simulation of the present situation show the existence of thermal stratification during summer, which results in the qualitative stratification in the reservoir. According to the qualitative criteria, the Ilam reservoir's state is between mesotrophic and eutrophic. Results of the scenarios of reduction of the nutrients show that in the scenario of 50% reduction of the phosphorus and nitrogen loads into the reservoir, the state of the reservoir would recover from eutrophic to semi-eutrophic. Also, release of water from the reservoir during September, October and November would cause the restoration of the quality of water in the reservoir. To avoid the occurrence of critical eutrophication in the reservoir, reducing the ponding time in the reservoir by fast depletion, preventing entrance of the upstream villages' sewage and agricultural drained waters, which are sources of nitrate and phosphate contamination into the rivers, and also management of the usage of agricultural fertilizers have been suggested.
Adsorption of reactive dye from aqueous solution and synthetic dye bath wastewater by Eucalyptus bark/magnetite composite
Authors: Balci Behzat , Erkurt Fatma Elcin
Published: June 2016

In the present study, Eucalyptus camaldulensis bark/magnetite composite (EBMC) was used for a potential application as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of Reactive Black 5 (RB5). The adsorption experiments were performed with aqueous solution (RB5 + distilled water) and synthetic dye bath wastewater (SDBW) in order to investigate the potential application of EBMC in the textile industry. The effects of the various parameters, the initial dye concentration, the temperature, the pH, and the EBMC dosage on the adsorption were investigated. It was found that the adsorption capacity of EBMC increases by increasing the RB5 concentration and temperature and by decreasing the dosage of EBMC. 0.8 g EBMC was found to be sufficient for the removal of 250 mg/L RB5 from 150 mL SDBW with ∼85% removal efficiency. The Koble–Corrigan isotherm model described the adsorption process more effectively (R2 = 0.997) than the Langmuir, Freundlich, the Dubinin–Radushkevich and the Jovanovic isotherm models. The Langmuir isotherm predicted a 370.7 mg/g maximum adsorption capacity. The thermodynamic analysis showed that the adsorption of RB5 onto the EBMC was an endothermic process. The multiple linear regression analysis was used in order to determine the cumulative effects of independent variables on the adsorption capacity.
Private equity y venture capital: Diferenciación y principales características
Authors: Arango Vásquez Leonel , Durango Gutiérrez María Patricia
Published: June 2016

El propósito de este artículo es explicar, desde la teoría, dos posibles opciones de financiación que tienen las empresas cuando éstas no pueden acceder a las fuentes tradicionales. La industria del Capital Riesgo surge así como una fuente alternativa de financiación. Esta industria opera a través de vehículos especiales de inversión llamados fondos Private Equity y fondos Venture Capital. En general, los primeros invierten en compañías maduras y desarrolladas, mientras que los segundos lo hacen en empresas nacientes y pequeñas. El ciclo de financiación que proveen estos fondos se estructura en tres etapas principales: captación de recursos, inversión y desinversión. En este artículo se explica la diferencia entre los términos Private Equity y Venture Capital, así como las principales características de las etapas mencionadas.
Empleo y salarios en argentina en el periodo de la Post-Convertibilidad
Authors: Ibagón Martín Nilson Javier
Published: June 2016

El Articulo analiza los procesos de precarización laboral que se han dado en Argentina a la largo de los últimos 25 años, haciendo  especial énfasis en el llamado periodo de “post-convertibilidad” o “dólar alto”. En este sentido, se estudia para dicho periodo, la existencia de una serie de continuidades económicas y sociales  heredadas de la década del noventa, las cuales, ponen de manifiesto una serie de estrategias y políticas empleadas por parte de los sectores económicos dominantes, que les han permitido en buena parte, por un lado, transferir a las trabajadores los costos de las crisis económicas, y por otro, frenar el acceso de estos últimos a una             redistribución de la riqueza en tiempos de bonanza y crecimiento.
“Efectividad de una intervención educativa en el conocimiento de loncheras saludables y su contenido en las madres de preescolares”
Authors: Quilca Calatayud Guisela , Ramírez Aliaga Roxana , Gómez Gonzales Walter
Published: June 2016

Determinar la efectividad de una intervención educativa en el nivel de conocimiento de la preparación de loncheras saludables, en madres de niños preescolares de la Institución Educativa Patricia Teresa Rodríguez 3019 Rímac, 2015.Materiales y métodos: Según el enfoque fue cuantitativo, diseño preexperimental y longitudinal. La muestra estuvo constituida por 25 madres del colegio Patricia Teresa Rodríguez 3019 – UGEL 02 Rímac, el instrumento utilizado fue un cuestionario y se procesaron los datos con el programa SPSS versión 25, para el análisis del efecto de la intervención educativa la prueba t student, aceptándose valores como significativo p < 0.05. Resultados: Antes de la intervención educativa 52% (13) de madres tuvieron un nivel de conocimiento bajo sobre la lonchera saludable, después de la intervención educativa 100% (25) obtuvo nivel alto. Antes de la intervención educativa 68% (17) tuvieron un nivel bajo de conocimientos sobre los tipos de alimentos, después de la intervención educativa el 96% (24) obtuvo un nivel alto. Antes de la intervención educativa 56% (14) tuvieron nivel bajo de conocimientos sobre las formas de preparación de loncheras saludables y el 44% (11) obtuvieron un nivel medio, después de la intervención educativa 100% (25) obtuvo nivel alto. Antes de la intervención educativa 64% (16) obtuvo nivel bajo de conocimientos sobre el contenido de las loncheras saludables, después de intervención educativa el 100% (25) de madres obtuvo un nivel alto. Conclusión: La intervención educativa fue efectiva en los conocimientos de las madres sobre la lonchera saludable, evidenciándose mejoramiento de éstos después de su participación, obteniendo la totalidad de madres un nivel alto de conocimientos.
“Riesgos ergonómicos relacionados a la lumbalgia ocupacional en enfermeras que laboran en Centro Quirúrgico del Hospital Daniel Alcides Carrión, 2014”
Authors: Guizado Ramos Milagros , Zamora Cordova Karin
Published: June 2016

Objetivo: Determinar la relación que existe entre los riesgos ergonómicos y la lumbalgia ocupacional en enfermeras que laboran en Centro Quirúrgico del Hospital Daniel Alcides Carrión, 2014. Materiales y Métodos: La investigación es aplicada al campo de la salud, tipo descriptivo correlacional, de corte transversal, no experimental, muestreo no probabilístico de carácter intencional. Muestra conformada por 33 enfermeras; nombradas (72.7%) y contratadas (27.3%), con edades comprendidas entre 23 a 33 años (69.70%). Resultados: Existe una “correlación moderada media positiva” (Rho de Spearman 0.517) entre los riesgos ergonómicos (posturas forzadas prolongadas (0.718) y movimientos corporales (0.649) ambas con un nivel de correlación alta positiva) con la lumbalgia ocupacional en la dimensión aguda, y los riesgos peso fuerza (0.619), movimientos corporales (0.603) y posturas forzadas prolongadas (0.436) presentan una “correlación moderada media y alta positiva” respectivamente, tienen un mayor nivel de relación con la lumbalgia sub aguda y la postura corporal (0.055), peso fuerza (0.158) ambas con una “correlación baja positiva”, no presentan un mayor nivel de relación con la lumbalgia crónica. Conclusion: Los riesgos ergonómicos se relacionan con la lumbalgia ocupacional, con una probabilidad menor de P(0,02) y un nivel de correlacion moderada media positiva aplicando el estadístico de Rho de Spearman 0.517.
Estudo Comparativo da Espectrometria de Emissão Atômica com Fonte de Plasma Indutivamente Acoplado com a Espectrometria de Emissão Atômica com Fonte de Centelha para Análise Quantitativa de Aço
Authors: Oliveira Alessandro D. , Clain Almir F.
Published: June 2016

Este trabalho é um estudo comparativo de análise de aço de baixa liga empregando duas técnicas de mesmo fundamento básico (excitação de elétrons e emissão de fótons característicos), mas que utilizam fontes de excitação diferentes. As técnicas empregadas foram a espectrometria de emissão atômica com fonte de plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP-AES) e a técnica de espectrometria de emissão ótica com fonte de centelha (Spark- AES).Um estudo estatístico comparou a precisão e a exatidão das técnicas. Os outros parâmetros utilizados na comparação das técnicas foram: a geometria da amostra (sua forma), tipo de amostra, tempos de preparação e análise e fator de recuperação.
Ocorrência de Dípteros M uscóides (Calliphoridae) no Município de Vassouras, RJ
Authors: Macedo Raquel S. , Carraro Vinicius M. , Espindola Cleber B. , Cabral Marise M. O.
Published: June 2016

Com este estudo pretendeu-se avaliar a ocorrência de dípteros muscóoides em dois ambientes (rural e urbano) do município de Vassouras – RJ. As amostragens foram realizadas entre outubro/2005 e novembro/2006. Foram coletadas 2185 moscas e a família Calliphoridae apresentou o maior número de indivíduos (1421), seguida da família Sarcophagidae com 743 indivíduos e da família Muscidae, com apenas 21 indivíduos coletados. No ambiente rural, as espécies numericamente mais importantes foram Chrysomya megacephala (25,92%) e Phaenicia eximia (13,15%). No ambiente urbano, as espécies numericamente mais importantes foram C. megacephala (20,63%) e C. albiceps (14,46%). Os sarcofagídeos totalizaram um percentual de 28,45% no ambiente rural e 39,29% no ambiente urbano. A família Muscidae apresentou menos de 1% dos indivíduos coletados em ambas às áreas de amostragem, e identificados como M. domestica. Os resultados apontaram C. megacephala como a espécie mais bem representada neste levantamento.
Para uma Estrutura dos Provérbios nas Línguas Românicas: uma Experiência
Authors: Mexias-Simon Maria Lucia
Published: June 2016

Sendo a língua dinâmica e mutante, os provérbios permanecem em sua forma arcaizada que lhes dá o aval da tradição. Encontram-se semelhanças fônicas. morfo-sintáticas e lexicais entre as frases feitas em diversas línguas. São os provérbios ainda semelhantes quanto à preferência por determinadas esferas semânticas e quanto a seu emprego na manutenção do estabelecido.
Protease inhibitors of Acacia leucophloea gum extracts
Authors: Panchal* Balaji M , Kachole Manvendra S
Published: June 2016

Plant protease inhibitors (PIs) are very important for their defensive function against plant pathogens and predators. In present work trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors (PIs) from gum of one tree about seven species, Azadirachta indica, Acacia leucophloea, Acacia nilotica, Terminalia spp., Anogeissus latifolia, Mangifera indica and Moringa oleofera are studied. Protease inhibitory activity in gum extract was detected by dot blot assay. PI bands were      resolved on electrophoresis gel and detected by Gel X-ray film contact print technique (GXCP). PIs from gum extracts were purified by gel filtration (Sephadex G-75).  Among all   gum extracts studied, the gum extract from Acacia leucophloea showed highest number of trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors. One PI from the Acacia leucophloea of 97.00kDa was purified and characterized.  Purified PI was not destroyed by heat treatments up to 70ºC, but lost its activity when incubated at 80°C, showing moderate thermo stability.
Salinity tolerance in some mangrove species from Pitchavaram (Tamil Nadu)
Authors: S. Sivasankaramoorthy
Published: June 2016

Growth, ionic and water relations of three mangrove species viz. Avicennia marina, Ceriops tagal and Rhizophora mucronata were studied in different seawater concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%). All mangrove species showed optimal growth at 50% seawater. Relatively more biomass was accumulated by R. mucronata while C. tagal had the tallest individuals. Tissue water potential became more negative with the increase in salinity and stomatal conductance was decreased in all plants. Higher stomatal conductance was noted in R. mucronata, followed by A. marina and C. tagal. Sodium and Chloride ions increased with the increase in salinity and this accumulation was much higher in A. marina.
Combined effect of Bacillus cereus CPOU13 and B. subtilis SPC14 on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons degradation in vitro
Authors: M.* Poornachander Rao , Y. Anitha , K. Satyaprasad
Published: June 2016

Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with suitable bacterial strains conveys much interest in recent years. We studied biodegradation of PAHs namely phenanthrene, anthracene and pyrene using two efficient PAHs degrading strains, B. cereus CPOU13 and B. subtilis SPC14 in vitro experiments. Standard HPLC chromatograms for phenanthrene, anthracene and pyrene were plotted separately based on HPLC peak area values and Retension time of known concentrations of the test PAHs and using software, ‘Origin 6.0’. Biodegradation of PAHs mixture containing phenanthrene, anthracene and pyrene was studied in for 13 days. We found that the combination of bacterial strains, B. cereus CPOU13 and B. subtilis SPC14 degraded high amounts of phenanthrene, anthracene and pyrene in 13 days of incubation. The recorded degradation percentages of phenanthrene, anthracene and pyrene were 85.31, 92.82 and 85.70 respectively. Concentration of phenanthrene was degraded from 217µg/5ml to 31.9µg/5ml. Concentration of anthracene was degraded from 211µg/5ml to 16µg/5ml. Concentration of pyrene was degraded from 233µg/5ml to 33µg/5ml in 13 days of incubation. We also observed biodegradation of phenanthrene, anthracene and pyrene from 1st day to 13th day.
Hymenachne acutigluma (Steud.) Gilliland in GBS 20:314 - An exceptionally important perennial grass for anatomy and indigenous practice.
Authors: De Dulal
Published: June 2016

Hymenachne acutigluma (Steud.) Gilliland, a robust rhizomatous perennial grass spreads on moist and swampy land and also floating in water. Being a grass species, they do not have any cambium for secondary growth. A peculiarity in stem anatomy especially the spongy pith of secondary tissues found in absence of the cambium. The origin and development of the parenchymatous pith tissues has been investigated in the present study. Economically this spongy pith is of very much potent for its high absorbing and filtering capacity and also used as a good fodder.
EARLY TRACHEOSTOMY IN HEMORRHAGIC STROKE: DOES IT HELP IN PATIENT MANAGEMENT?
Authors: Sah Shashank , Rawal Divyant
Published: June 2016

Introduction: Airway protection is often required in the management of stroke patients for the reason of low consciousness levels and associated risk of aspiration and pneumonia. This has Paper Submission Datebeen achieved either through endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy both having their separate indications and advantage/ disadvantage. Material and Methods: This prospective study was done on 26 patients getting admitted to neurosurgical unit with hypertensive intra cerebral hemorrhage. Based on projected recovery time, tracheostomy was performed if recovery was expected to take a long course. Evaluation Paper Publication Date was done- if tracheostomy helped in early weaning from ventilator, incidence of sepsis and July 2016 overall ease of patient management.
Result: Tracheostomy was performed in 26 patients of hemorrhagic stroke over a period of 30 DOI months. All the tracheotomies were performed within first 8 days of hospital stay. In 14 cases it was done within 3 days of hospital stay. 19 out of 26 cases (8/14 in early tracheostomy vs 11/12 in late tracheostomy group) required ventillatory support for variable time period- ranging from less than a day to 8 days.Overall incidence of sepsis was approximately 65%.
Conclusion: Tracheostomy if done early, may reduce the need for prolonged ventilation apart from easing patient management- both in and out of ICU settings.
Partial slip and thermal radiation effects on hydromagnetic flow over an exponentially stretching surface with suction or blowing
Authors: Chaudhary Santosh , Choudhary Mohan
Published: June 2016

This paper is devoted to analyze computational simulation to study the partial slip and thermal radiation effects on the flow of a viscous incompressible electrically conducting fluid through an exponentially stretching surface with suction or blowing in presence of magnetic field. Using suitable similarity variables, the non-linear boundary-layer PDE are converted to ODE and solved numerically by Runge-Kutta fourth order method in association with shooting technique. Effects of suction or blowing parameter, velocity slip parameter, magnetic parameter, thermal slip parameter, thermal radiation parameter, Prandtl number, and Eckert number are demonstrated graphically on velocity and temperature profiles while skin friction coefficient and surface heat transfer rate are presented numerically. Moreover, comparison of numerical results for non-magnetic case is made with previously published work under limiting cases.
Energy, exergy and environmental quality of hard coal and natural gas in whole life cycle concerning home heating
Authors: Pikon Krzysztof , Bogacka Magdalena , Stanek Wojciech , Czarnowska Lucyna
Published: June 2016

The use of coal is suspected to have high environmental impact. Natural gas
is treated as more environmentally friendly with high methane content and
lower emission factors. In order to calculate the environmental impact in the
whole life cycle associated with combustion of coal and natural gas all
stages from ?cradle to grave? should be taken into account. In particular,
the transportation stage, especially in the case of life cycle analysis of
gas, seems to be crucial. The distance of transmission of gas from gas
fields, for instance located in Siberia, could be mainly associated with high
diffuse emission of methane. The comparison of environmental impact
assessment of coal and natural gas utilization for heating purposes is
presented in the paper. The additional factor taken into account is
localisation of boilers. In the analysis the coal is sombusted in combined
heat and power plants equipped with flue gas treatment units is that released
emissions are relatively remote from an urban area. In contrast, the natural
gas is burned in small domestic installations with no additional FGT systems.
The results of the analysis are given in 6 major impact categories. Moreover,
the results of the life cycle analysis were brought into comprehensive
thermo-ecological cost index, which is a cumulated exergy consumption of
non-renewable resources. The results presented in the paper refer to the
contemporary problem of the choice of energy sources in the context of its
overall environmental efficiency.
Cardiac Autonomic Function Is Associated With the Coronary Microcirculatory Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: von Scholten Bernt Johan , Hansen Christian Stevns , Hasbak Philip , Kjaer Andreas , Rossing Peter , Hansen Tine Willum
Published: June 2016

Cardiac autonomic dysfunction and cardiac microvascular dysfunction are diabetic complications associated with increased mortality, but the association between these has been difficult to assess. We applied new and sensitive methods to assess this in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In a cross-sectional design, coronary flow reserve (CFR) assessed by cardiac 82Rb-positron emission tomography/computed tomography, cardiac autonomic reflex tests, and heart rate variability indices were performed in 55 patients with T2DM, without cardiovascular disease, and in 28 control subjects. Cardiac 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy was conducted in a subgroup of 29 patients and 14 control subjects and evaluated as the late heart-to-mediastinum ratio and washout rate. Impaired function of all the cardiac autonomic measures (except the washout rate) was associated with reduced CFR. A heart rate variability index, reflecting sympathetic and parasympathetic function (low-frequency power), and the late heart-to-mediastinum ratio, reflecting the function of adrenergic receptors and sympathetic activity, were positively correlated with CFR after adjustment for age and heart rate. The late heart-to- mediastinum ratio remained correlated with CFR after further adjustment. In patients with T2DM without cardiovascular disease, we demonstrate an independent association between cardiac autonomic function and CFR. We suggest that a reduced cardiac autonomic function and damage to the adrenergic receptors may contribute to the development of cardiac microvascular dysfunction.