bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patterns in composition and occurrence of the fish fauna in shallow areas of the São Francisco River mouth
Authors: Bot Neto Renato Luiz , Cattani André Pereira , Spach Henry Louis , Contente Riguel Feltrin , Cardoso Olímpio Rafael , Marion Camila , Schwarz Júnior Roberto
Published: June 2023

Abstract The construction of dams causes changes in river variables, as a result of direct changes in their hydrological and biogeochemical cycles. One of the most notable changes is the flow regulation, which reduces seasonal events and the hydrostatic pressure exerted by freshwater, increasing the saltwater wedge intrusion into the system. Changing the salinity regime causes modifications in downstream ecosystems as well as in the distribution and composition of the fish fauna. In Brazil, the São Francisco River stands out, which has a system of cascading dams, built between the 70’s and 90’s. Because of these changes caused in the natural course of the river, this study aimed to analyze the patterns of composition and occurrence of the ichthyofauna at the mouth of the São Francisco River and relate them to the physical and chemical variables of the region. In order to evaluate the patterns of composition and occurrence of the fish fauna at the mouth of the São Francisco River, monthly trawls were conducted along the bank and physical and chemical variables were analyzed in the river channel over a period of one year. The relationship between abundance and species richness with environmental variables was verified using Generalized Linear Models. A total of 101,958 fish belonging to 87 taxa were caught, with emphasis on marine fish, both in number of individuals (99.92%) and in biomass (99.31%). A spatial gradient was detected, in which sites 1 and 2 were under marine influence, sites 3 and 4 represented the transition between the environments and site 5 was under the influence of brackish and freshwater. In general, the effect of the São Francisco River dams on the fish fauna was observed, with a predominance of fauna with more estuarine and less freshwater characteristics.
PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY IN THE PROCESSING WOOD OPERATION FOR ENERGY
Authors: Prates Eloise , Lopes Eduardo da Silva , Rodrigues Carla Krulikowski , Silva Matheus Kaminski Cândido da , Silva Dimas Agostinho da
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT Optimizing resources is essential for the excellence and competitiveness of a forestry company. In this context, this study evaluated the productivity and quality of eucalyptus wood processing for energy purposes. The study was conducted in a forestry company in Paraná State in stands of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus saligna clones named stands 1 and 2, respectively, with an age of 7 years old. The trees were processed with a harvester and included the following four stem diameter limits for pulp production and co-products for energy purposes: 8, 10, 12, and 14 cm; and pulp logs with a length of 7.20 m. The technical analysis of the operation determined the average operating cycle times, utilization rate and machine productivity. In addition, a quality analysis determined the stem diameter limits for production of the co-products and the lengths of the pulp logs; the limit diameters were compared by the Tukey’s test, and the stands by the Student’s t-test (α ≤ 0.05). The results showed that the processing time decreased with increasing limit diameter, with the highest values being in stand 1 due to the higher number of branches and forked trees. The processing logs at 10 cm limit diameter provided higher harvester productivity, with 59.5 m³ PMH-¹ and 62.2 m³ PMH-¹ in stands 1 and 2, respectively. Furthermore, the best quality in the limit diameter measurement was obtained at 10 cm. Thus, the effects of forest stand and limit diameters on processing and operation quality were evident.
Qualidade dos menus infantis em shoppings centers do Brasil
Authors: Venzke Janaína Guimarães , Aranalde Giulia Antonietti , Scarparo Ana Luiza Sander , Rocha Ada
Published: June 2023

Resumo Objetivos: caracterizar a disponibilidade e a qualidade nutricional dos menus infantis nos restaurantes e estabelecimentos de fast-foods em Shoppings Centers no Brasil. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo observacional e transversal. Os dados foram coletados nos websites de cada estabelecimento e em aplicativos de vendas de alimentos, com questionário composto por duas seções: Caracterização do estabelecimento e caracterização do menu infantil. A coleta dos dados ocorreu em dez capitais distribuídas nas cinco regiões do Brasil. Resultados: foram avaliados 116 menus infantis. Maior número de estabelecimentos foi classifcado como restaurante do que fast-food. Os métodos de cocção mais utilizados nos pratos principais foram grelhados (n=236, 64%) e cozidos (n=74, 20%), e nos acompanhamentos foram cozidos (n=204, 53%) e fritos (n=109, 28%). Apenas 40% (n=46) dos menus continham hortaliças. Menos de 10% (n=sete) ofertavam fruta como sobremesa; 31% (n=36) constavam bebida inclusa no menu infantil; 22% (n=25) ofereciam brindes associados ao menu. Apenas 32 (28%) estabelecimentos apresentavam a combinação feijão e arroz. Conclusão: a maioria das opções ofertadas às crianças era de baixa qualidade nutricional, com pouca oferta de hortaliças, frutas e do tradicional feijão e arroz. As bebidas incluídas nos menus, a maioria açucaradas, podem contribuir para uma elevada ingestão energética. Constata-se a necessidade de disponibilizar opções saudáveis e incentivar essas escolhas.
Mass Death and Disappearance in Contemporary Necropolitical Democracies: Brazilian and Mexican cases
Authors: Díaz Paola , Freire Jussara
Published: June 2023

Abstract Based on ethnographic research in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and Sonora, Mexico, we analyze mass deaths and disappearances under (formally) democratic regimes. A comparison by contrast reveals the similarities and differences between these two places. We establish a dialogue with the structural perspective of necropolitics and studies of victims’ experiences in different national contexts. We seek to link the notion of the necropolitical environment with analysis of practices of valorization of human life. To do so, we start by analyzing the experiences of people whose lives, as well as those of their families, are socially devalued (valuation studies). The concept of maternal body emerges from this analysis, enabling us to understand the dynamics of friction between the necropolitical environment and the emergence of possible forms of life, defined on the basis of inter-corporeal links between the families and their dead or disappeared loved ones.
From public problems to social experiences: the alcohol ban in South Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Albernaz Elizabete R. , Cruz Daniel M. Lage da , Dias Juliana Braz
Published: June 2023

Abstract In 2020, the South African government adopted a controversial measure in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, a nationwide ban on the sale and transport of alcoholic drinks. In this article, we explore the process that led to the construction of alcohol consumption as a “public problem” in the country, highlighting connections between alcohol drinking, politics, the economy, public health, public safety, and social inequality. We observe how the 2020 alcohol ban was decided upon, justified and enforced, following a long history of government attempts to control alcohol consumption among poor non-White South Africans. Based on ethnographic data, we present some patterns and meanings of alcohol consumption in popular settings and provide a glimpse into the drinking practices of more affluent South Africans during the alcohol ban. In doing so, we intend to offer a broader portrait of the phenomenon, one that helps grasp this intricate issue.
Variabilidade nutricional e física de variedades tradicionais de milho (Zea mays L.) cultivados no vale do Juruá, Acre, Brasil
Authors: Araújo Dheme Rebouças De , Gomes Fábio Augusto , Moreira José Genivaldo Do Vale , Mattar Eduardo Pacca Luna , Araújo Edson Alves De , Ferreira Josimar Batista , Souza Clemeson Silva De , Nascimento Luan De Oliveira
Published: June 2023

Resumo As variedades tradicionais de milho cultivados pelos agricultores familiares constituem-se em fonte de variabilidade genética e são fundamentais para segurança alimentar. Assim, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo, avaliar, com base em componentes físicos e químicos, o comportamento da variabilidade genética de milho tradicional cultivadas em terra firme e praia, na regional Vale do Juruá, estado do Acre. As características constaram da determinação de matéria seca, material mineral, proteína bruta, extrato etéreo, energia bruta, fibra em detergente neutro, amido e digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca, vitreosidade e densidade dos grãos. Os dados foram analisados mediante estatística descritiva, associado à análise multivariada de componentes principais (PCA), com auxílio do software R. Por meio da PCA, as variedades cultivadas em terra firme e praia formaram 3 grupos distintos, na qual a vitreosidade nos grãos variou de 73,7% a 79,46%, de modo que, as variedades de grãos avermelhadas apresentaram maior presença de endosperma vítreo e maior densidade, havendo uma correlação forte e positiva entre essas variáveis. Já as variedades de grãos amarelas e amarelas-oranges apresentaram maior aderência a energia, amido e maior digestibilidade. Portanto, as variedades tradicionais cultivadas em terra firme e praia, apresentam variações em relação as análises físicas e químicas.
Seroepidemiology of leptospirosis in horses from Santarém, Pará
Authors: Ulsenheimer Bruna Carolina , Barboza Clarissa Luciano , Oberbeck Emilie , Silva Rebeca Larissa Castro , Sousa Isadora Karolina Freitas de , Laer Ana Eucares von , Tonin Alexandre Alberto
Published: June 2023

Abstract Leptospirosis is an endemic zoonotic disease that is distributed worldwide, which has the potential to have health and economic impacts. Leptospira spp. is spiral-shaped and capable of infecting mammals, including horses, which may result in asymptomatic or clinical forms. Therefore, the current study aimed to analyze the frequency of anti-Leptospira antibodies in serum samples from horses from Santarém, Pará, Brazil. For that purpose, 88 blood samples from horses without a history of leptospirosis vaccination were serologically evaluated through the microscopic agglutination technique (MAT) with a 13 serovars, belonging to ten different serogroups. There were 58 samples that were seropositive (65.90%), which included 28 samples seropositive for Pyrogenes (48.3%), 24 for Autumnalis (41.4%), 18 for Icterohaemorrhagiae (31.0%), and 16 for Grippotyphosa (27.6%). Even without clinical suspicion of leptospirosis or a history of vaccination, the horses showed different frequency of seropositivity. Considering the well-known impact of leptospirosis in human and animal health, our results are important to establish preventive measures to reduce the economic loss in equine production as well as a reduction in public health risk.
Soroepidemiologia de leptospirose em equinos da região de Santarém, Pará
Authors: Ulsenheimer Bruna Carolina , Barboza Clarissa Luciano , Oberbeck Emilie , Silva Rebeca Larissa Castro , Sousa Isadora Karolina Freitas de , Laer Ana Eucares von , Tonin Alexandre Alberto
Published: June 2023

Resumo Leptospira spp. é a bactéria causadora da leptospirose, uma doença endêmica, distribuída mundialmente, de caráter zoonótico responsável por gerar impacto sanitário e também econômico. Esse microrganismo, com característica espiralada, infecta mamíferos, dentre eles, os equinos. Estes animais, podem apresentar a doença na forma assintomáticos ou clínica. Desta forma, o atual estudo objetivou analisar amostras equinas na região de Santarém- Pará. Analisou-se 88 amostras de animais que não apresentavam histórico de vacinação contra a leptospirose, através da técnica da Microaglutinação Microscópica (MAT), utilizando um painel de13 sorovares, pertencentes a dez diferentes sorogrupos. Desses animais, 58 foram soropositivos (65,90%), distribuídos em 28 (48,3%) amostras soro reagentes para Pyrogenes, 24 (41,4%) para Autumnalis, 18 (31%) para Icterohaemorrhagiae e 16 (27,6%) para Grippotyphosa. Mesmo não havendo suspeita de leptospirose, os animais apresentaram diferentes frequências sorológicas. Considerando-se o conhecido impacto da leptospirose na saúde humana e animal, nossos resultados apontam que é de suma importância estabelecer medidas de prevenção para reduzir perdas econômicas e não oferecer riscos à saúde pública.
Neurological diseases of viral origin in cattle in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil: clinical and anatomopathological study
Authors: Souza Maria Isabel , Souto Erick Platiní Ferreira de , Souto Rodolfo José Cavalcanti , Coutinho Luiz Teles , Conceição Ângela Imperiano da , Silva Bruno Pajeú e , Costa Nivaldo Azevedo , Mendonça Carla Lopes , Afonso José Augusto Bastos
Published: June 2023

Abstract Studies related to neurological diseases are of great importance in Veterinary Medicine, particularly those involving production animals, such as cattle, due to their wide sanitary and public health significance. Therefore, the current study aims to describe the frequency of occurrence of the main clinical, laboratory, and anatomopathological findings of cattle diagnosed with neurological diseases of viral origin. Screening was performed in the general register of patients diagnosed through anatomopathological and/or complementary examination with illnesses of viral origin, admitted (live or dead) to the Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns-UFRPE from January 2009 to December 2019. The information recovered was entered in a database created in the computer program Microsoft Excel 2010®, distributed into clinical, laboratory, and anatomopathological data. The clinical findings on neurological diseases of viral etiology were very varied and non-specific, and the anatomopathological findings, together with laboratory methods, were of fundamental importance for the establishment of the diagnosis. The high frequency of rabies cases in this study demonstrates the importance of this disease for cattle rearing, as well as for Public Health. We emphasize the importance of including malignant catarrhal fever and herpes meningoencephalitis in the differential diagnosis of neurological diseases in the region, as well as the adoption of sanitary measures.
Correção Cirúrgica de Desvio Angular Metatársico em uma Potra Puro-sangue Utilizando Ostectomia em Cunha: um relato de caso
Authors: Villanova Junior José Ademar , Maciel Monica , Lara Pedro Augusto , Zeni Luane Camargo , Camargo Carlos Eduardo , Capriglione Luiz Guilherme Achcar , Michelotto Junior Pedro Vicente
Published: June 2023

Resumo O objetivo desse estudo é descrever o procedimento de correção da malformação de desvio angular metatársico, utilizando ostectomia em cunha, em uma potra puro-sangue de 41 dias de idade. Uma malformação metatársica angular de 41.6º foi corrigida com a técnica de ostectomia em cunha, em associação com fixador externo tipo II e resina de metilmetacrilato, no membro pélvico esquerdo. O animal foi submetido à cirurgia sob protocolo de anestesia geral. A potra foi posicionada em decúbito dorsal, com o membro pélvico esquerdo livre para manipulação. Para a realização da ostectomia em cunha, foi utilizada uma serra óssea. Para a instalação das barras do fixador externo, uma furadeira foi utilizada e, para fixá-los, pinos de Kirschner e resina acrílica foram aplicados. Logo após a cirurgia, imagens radiográficas foram obtidas para confirmar a redução total de 32,6º (de 41,6º para 9º) de angulação. Para garantir que o animal se adaptasse ao fixador externo linear e não sobrecarregasse os pinos e barras, foram instituídos cuidados pós-operatórios intensos, com medicações e bandagem de Robert Jones. Não houve complicações no pós-operatório. No dia seguinte à cirurgia, a potra estava em pé, caminhando e sem sinais de dor. Após 180 dias, alcançou total calcificação óssea e os implantes puderam ser removidos em um segundo tempo cirúrgico. A potra demonstrou locomoção adequada, realizando todos os movimentos normais e pôde correr pelo pasto sem dificuldades. Um discreto desvio angular remanescente foi parcialmente corrigido por casqueamento.
Specular microscopy of the different regions of the cornea in enucleated swine eyes - ex vivo evaluation
Authors: Vargas Eduarda Valim Borges de , Pigatto Anita Marchionatti , Rocha Rafaella Silva , Franceschini Maria Eduarda Mattos , Pigatto João Antonio Tadeu
Published: June 2023

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the endothelial cell density (ECD) and hexagonality of the cornea in the different regions of healthy swine corneal endothelium using specular microscopy. Twenty-four eyeballs from 12 male, 6-month-old Large White pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) were studied. Contact specular microscopy was performed in the central, superior, inferior, lateral and medial regions. The corneal parameters analysed in this study were ECD and hexagonality. The ECD in the central region was 1865 cells/mm2; in the upper region, it was 1877 cells/mm2, in the lower region, it was 1854 cells/mm2, in the lateral region, it was 1847 cells/mm2, in the medial region, it was 1831 cells/mm2. Hexagonality in the central region, was 53%; in the upper region, it was 54%, in the lower region, it was 54%, in the lateral region, it was 54%, in the medial region, it was 54%. There was no significant difference regarding to the evaluated parameters in all corneal regions evaluated. No statistically significantly differences were observed in ECD and hexagonality between the left and the right eyes. This study demonstrates that ECD and hexagonality of the central cornea area represent the entire endothelial mosaic.
Microscopia especular das diferentes regiões da córnea de suínos - estudo ex vivo
Authors: Vargas Eduarda Valim Borges de , Pigatto Anita Marchionatti , Rocha Rafaella Silva , Franceschini Maria Eduarda Mattos , Pigatto João Antonio Tadeu
Published: June 2023

Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a densidade endotelial e a hexagonalidade das células endoteliais nas diferentes regiões da córnea de suínos utilizando a microscopia especular de contato. Foram estudados 24 bulbos oculares de 12 suínos (Sus scrofa domesticus), machos, com seis meses de idade e da raça Large White. A microscopia especular de contato foi realizada nas regiões central, superior, inferior, lateral e medial da córnea. A densidade endotelial média na região central foi de 1865 células/mm2, na região superior foi de 1877 células/mm2, na região inferior foi de 1854 células/mm2, na região lateral foi de 1847 células/mm2 e na região medial foi de 1831 células/mm2. Na região central, a hexagonalidade foi de 53%, na região superior foi de 54%, na região inferior foi de 54%, na região lateral foi de 54%, na região medial foi de 54%. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas na densidade celular e na hexagonalidade nas diferentes regiões da córnea analisadas. Este estudo demonstrou que a densidade endotelial e a hexagonalidade da área central da córnea representam todo o mosaico endotelial.
Photovoice como ferramenta de ensino e aprendizado sobre cuidados paliativos
Authors: Skovronski Victorie Maria Rezende da Silveira , Pimenta Mariana de Souza Paiva , Sousa Paulo Anderson Neves , Taboada Giselle Fernandes
Published: June 2023

Resumo: Introdução: O cuidado paliativo foi recentemente incluído no currículo da graduação em Medicina no Brasil, mas a colocação do seu ensino em prática representa um grande desafio. Ensinar cuidado paliativo envolve abordar o sofrimento e o cuidado de questões que vão além dos sintomas físicos, aspectos com os quais os alunos de Medicina estão geralmente pouco acostumados. O Photovoice (PV) é uma ferramenta multifacetada que pode servir ao propósito do trinômio ensino, pesquisa e extensão. Na sua aplicação como instrumento pedagógico, os alunos atuam geralmente como participantes e o docente como facilitador. Os alunos são convidados a tirar fotografias (photo) e narrar essas imagens (voice) atribuindo significado e interpretação dentro de um contexto. Relato de experiência: Um grupo de alunos foi convidado a produzir um trabalho com o tema “Cuidados paliativos na visão de um estudante do terceiro ano de Medicina”. O trabalho foi desenvolvido ao longo de 12 encontros semanais sob a forma de rodas de conversa, que versavam sobre materiais previamente enviados aos alunos, como música, vídeos e textos. Cada aluno produziu um PV individual. Os PV preparados pelos alunos se dividiram espontaneamente em três grupos: experiências familiares de cuidados paliativos, experiências profissionais vivenciadas nos cenários de prática da faculdade e desenvolvimento do tema de maneira mais conceitual. Discussão: A despeito das limitações e dificuldades do tema e da metodologia utilizada, o saldo final da experiência foi muito positivo não só pelo aprendizado dos alunos, mas também pela criação de um grande vínculo no grupo, que manifestou profunda gratidão pelo trabalho desenvolvido ao longo do semestre. Conclusão: Diante dos nove PV produzidos, fruto da reflexão individual de cada aluno, percebe-se que cada integrante do grupo foi tocado de uma forma diferente pelo assunto, ainda que todas as reflexões tenham sido realizadas de forma coletiva durante os nossos encontros. A produção dos PV permitiu a externalização de visões diferentes sobre o mesmo assunto de maneira pessoal e humanística, ou seja, percepção do que é cuidado paliativo na visão de um estudante de Medicina do terceiro ano.
Children and adolescents with disabilities: challenges in medical training
Authors: Ambrosio Rafaela Brandão Almeida , Pedroso Glaura César , Puccini Rosana Fiorini , Souza Fabiola Isabel Suano de
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Introduction: supporting the constitutional rights of people with disabilities includes meeting new curricular guidelines and requires higher education that considers diversity in different contexts. Thus, the undergraduate curricula of health professionals must meet the multifaceted needs of people with disabilities in a way that transcends the biomedical model and permeates the promotion of an inclusive culture. Attitudes and values about disability often influence people’s behavior, making it imperative to introduce this topic. Aim: the present study aim to describe an approach in the curricula and teachers’ conceptions about children and adolescents with disabilities in medical courses. Method: this exploratory, cross-sectional study with a qualitative approach included the documental analysis of official documents of the courses and official pages of the universities, published until the first semester of 2021 and interviews of teachers participating in the course. The content analysis technique was used for the interview material. Results: the documental analysis pointed in the general topics a direction towards a humanistic formation, while respecting the differences; however, when the topic is the disability, the focus was centered on biological issues. During the interviews, the following topics were identified: 1) The importance of the Unified Health System as a space for medical training; 2) The contribution of the National Curriculum Guidelines in guiding the activities of teachers and highlighting relevant points; 3) Development of teaching activities aimed at children and adolescents with disabilities, based on the teachers’ experiences; 4) Conception about the person with disabilities and teacher training; 5) Teacher training for the development of teaching activities about children and adolescents with disabilities and knowledge about public policies in the area. Conclusions: a weakness was identified in the approach to the subject, with specific insertions on the subject, usually from the perspective of the disease and from the opportunities that arise. Among the teachers, the predominance of the biomedical perspective was identified, as well as the lack of training on the subject and its fragile insertion in academic practice. However, the importance of the topic was recognized and its potential to integrate the curricular matrix in a cross-sectional way.
Survey of cognitive behavioral therapy clinical supervisors profile in Brazil
Authors: Barletta Janaína Bianca , Araújo Robson Medeiros de , Neufeld Carmem Beatriz
Published: June 2023

Abstract Objective: This research aimed to identify the profile of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy supervisors in this country and to know their training to exercise this professional activity. Method: A nationwide online survey was conducted with 180 Cognitive Behavioral Therapy supervisors, 73.8% of whom were female, with a mean age of 40.3 years (SD = 10.03). Results: Among the main results, the intense academic training, training for psychotherapeutic practice and time of clinical experience (12.6 years, SD = 7.64) and supervised experience (7.4 years, SD = 7.26) stand out. Only 27.8% of the participants indicated having received specific training for supervisors and there was a lack of indications of training resources for remote supervision. Conclusion: This is considered the first research to outline the profile of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy supervisors in Brazil, expanding the vision on this professional activity.
A Rede de Atenção às Urgências e Emergências no Brasil: revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Tofani Luís Fernando Nogueira , Furtado Lumena Almeida Castro , Andreazza Rosemarie , Bigal André Luiz , Feliciano Deize Graziele Conceição Ferreira , Silva Gabriela Rodrigues da , Chioro Arthur
Published: June 2023

Resumo A Rede de Atenção às Urgências e Emergências (RUE) foi proposta enquanto política pública com a finalidade de articular e integrar os serviços assistenciais do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), ampliando e qualificando o acesso dos usuários em situação de urgência e emergência em saúde de forma ágil e oportuna. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a produção científica sobre a política da RUE no Brasil e elaborar sínteses demonstrando seus limites e desafios. Utilizou-se como método a revisão integrativa de literatura, a partir da busca de artigos nas bases de dados LILACS, SciELO e MEDLINE e de dissertações e teses na plataforma virtual da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes). A pesquisa possibilitou a análise de 34 estudos do campo da saúde coletiva, com enfoque nos diferentes serviços de urgência e a integração entre eles, incluindo possíveis transformações no processo de cuidado em saúde e distintas estratégias de avaliação, por meio de diferentes abordagens, principalmente qualitativas. São observadas fragilidades na articulação em rede, com manutenção da centralidade do componente hospitalar e o poder de seu capital simbólico, ficando a Atenção Básica relegada ao campo discursivo.
Everything for an arm and a leg! History, epidemics, and inequalities
Authors: Ribeiro Anna Cristina Rodopiano de Carvalho , Marques Maria Cristina da Costa
Published: June 2023

Abstract Based on the dialogue between the fields of History and Public Health and provoked by the historicity of the present time, this article proposes epistemic advances in the discussion about the end of epidemics. To that end, it uses a historiographical operation in a vast body of documents, to point out the impacts resulting from the Spanish Flu of 1918 in Botucatu, a city in the interior of São Paulo, from the perspective of the deepening of inequalities in this locality in the decades following the epidemic. It concludes by pointing out that, in addition to the immediate effects caused by the epidemic phenomenon, when the Spanish Flu epidemic cooled down in the biological dimension, it followed its course, altering social and cultural conditions and affecting socio-historical structures and our corporeality, becoming a long-term historical event. Thus, we can infer that understanding the historical forces that operate in the advances and setbacks in Public Health can leverage concrete confrontations with inequities, along with the resumption of a civilizing project of social transformation in the country, based on democracy, social justice, and the radical defense of life.
Tudo pela hora da morte! História, epidemias e desigualdades
Authors: Ribeiro Anna Cristina Rodopiano de Carvalho , Marques Maria Cristina da Costa
Published: June 2023

Resumo Assentado na interlocução entre os campos da História e da Saúde Coletiva e provocado pela historicidade do tempo presente, este artigo propõe avanços epistêmicos na discussão sobre o término das epidemias. Para tanto, se vale de operação historiográfica em vasto corpo documental, para apontar os impactos decorrentes da Gripe Espanhola de 1918 em Botucatu, cidade do interior paulista, na perspectiva do aprofundamento das desigualdades presentes nesta localidade nas décadas subsequentes à epidemia. Conclui apontando que, para além dos efeitos imediatos provocados pelo fenômeno epidêmico, ao arrefecer na dimensão biológica, a epidemia de Gripe Espanhola seguiu seu curso, alterando condicionantes sociais e culturais, bem como incidindo sobre estruturas sócio-históricas e em nossa corporeidade, tornando-se acontecimento histórico de longa duração. Desta forma, pode-se depreender que a compreensão das forças históricas que operam nos avanços e recuos em Saúde Coletiva podem alavancar enfrentamentos concretos às iniquidades, junto à retomada de um projeto civilizatório de transformação social no país, assentado na democracia, na justiça social e na defesa radical da vida.
Lei do acompanhante na mídia: a pandemia e suas implicações nos direitos do parto
Authors: Silva Kamilla Thaís Vulcão da , Gervasio Mariana De Gea , Cuenca Angela Maria Belloni
Published: June 2023

Resumo Gestantes têm direito a acompanhante de sua escolha durante o período de internação, pré-parto, parto e pós-parto, em todo o território nacional garantido pela Lei 11.108/2005. Contudo, com a pandemia da covid-19, protocolos de saúde restringiram esses direitos sob o argumento de cuidados contra o vírus. Buscou-se compreender abordagens, atores envolvidos e argumentações sobre o descumprimento da lei de acompanhante durante a pandemia de covid-19 por meio de análise de matérias do portal G1 publicadas de março de 2020 a abril de 2022, utilizando o recurso de mapas. Os dados evidenciaram que o descumprimento da Lei do Acompanhante se concentrou no primeiro semestre de 2020 e as principais justificativas foram questões de biossegurança, falta de orçamento para compras de equipamentos de proteção individual e o momento atípico. Em vários locais foram necessárias intervenções jurídicas para cumprimento da lei, tornando-se pauta jornalística, e o caso mais emblemático foi o do Tocantins, cuja proibição perdurou até abril de 2022. Houve uma discrepância em relação à garantia do direito em diversos municípios e estados, apesar do Ministério da Saúde e diversos órgãos jurídicos terem emitido pareceres e protocolos recomendando a presença de acompanhante.
Tolerance of soybean cultivars to flooding stress in vegetative growth stages
Authors: Goergen Patrícia Carine Hüller , Lopes Sidinei José , Zanon Alencar Junior , Lago Isabel , Pohlmann Valeria , Dalcin Menigui Spanevello , Bittencourt Pâmela Nunes , Saccol Vanessa Gonçalves
Published: June 2023

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the tolerance of soybean (Glycine max) cultivars to flooding stress at different growth stages. The experiment was arranged in a 2x2x5 factorial arrangement, with two sowing dates (October and November), two soybean cultivars (TECIRGA 6070RR and NA 5909 RG), and five growth stages (SE-EM, EM-VC, VC-V2, V2-V4, and V6-V8) in the 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 crop years. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replicates. For both evaluated soybean cultivars, the growth stage most sensitive to soil flooding was SE-EM. After seedling emergence, the highest reductions in leaf area and shoot dry matter were observed in the V2-V4 stage, regardless of cultivar, sowing date, and crop year. From the V4 stage onwards, soybean shows a higher tolerance to flooding conditions. However, after seedling emergence, the TECIRGA 6070RR cultivar has a higher tolerance to flooding stress than NA 5909 RG. Sowing in October tends to reduce the impact of flooding stress on the plants.
Feline leishmaniosis: hematological and biochemical analysis
Authors: Silva Diogo Tiago da , Alves Maria Luana , Spada Júlio Cesar Pereira , Leonel João Augusto Franco , Vioti Geovanna , Benassi Julia Cristina , Carregaro Valéria Maria Lara , Alves-Martin Maria Fernanda , Starke-Buzetti Wilma Aparecida , Oliveira Trícia Maria Ferreira de Sousa
Published: June 2023

Abstract One hundred and sixty-six cats from two animal shelters were subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), conventional polymerase chain reaction (cPCR), quantitative PCR (qPCR) and parasitological tests (PA) for the diagnosis of Leishmania spp. Among them, 15% (25/166), 53.6% (89/166), 3.6% (06/166) and 1.8% (03/166) were positive by ELISA, IFAT, both PCRs and PA, respectively. The sequencing of ITS-1 PCR amplicons revealed a 100% match with Leishmania infantum. After the Leishmania spp. survey, 12 cats were selected and divided into two groups for clinical, hematological, and biochemical analysis: six L. infantum positive cats (G1) and six Leishmania spp. negative cats (G2). All the cats were negative for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV). A statistical analysis indicated significantly low platelet counts and significant hyperproteinemia associated with hypoalbuminemia in positive cats (p<0.05). Our results suggest that in endemic areas, cats with clinical signs of feline leishmaniosis (such as skin lesions, weight loss and/or enlarged lymph nodes) and that exhibit hematological and biochemical changes, such as low platelet counts and hyperproteinemia with hypoalbuminemia, should be tested for Leishmania spp. infection.
Modelling tunnel squeezing using gene expression programming: a case study
Authors: Kadkhodaei Mohammad Hossein , Ghasemi Ebrahim , Mahdavi Saeed
Published: June 2023

Squeezing is a well-known geotechnical phenomenon in the excavation of underground spaces, especially tunnels. Squeezing occurs under different geotechnical conditions in weak rock masses. A study was carried out to develop a mathematical and practical model to predict squeezing so that risk mitigation measures can be taken if necessary. A mathematical model based on a gene expression programming algorithm was developed using a database of 115 squeezing case histories. Four model performance evaluation criteria – specificity, sensitivity, accuracy and Matthew's correlation coefficient – and the receiver operating characteristic curve were then assessed based on a testing dataset. The accuracy of the model was also compared with that of previously developed models. Found to be able to determine squeezing with acceptable accuracy, the model was then used to investigate squeezing-prone areas in the Beheshtabad water-conveyance tunnel in Iran.
Estimating accident-prone freeway sections: simulation and accident prediction model
Authors: Hu Yixi , Yang Yonghong , Liu Jianglin , Bai Minglei
Published: June 2023

Accident-prone sections are usually the most dangerous areas on a freeway. Identifying and studying them is therefore very important. In this study, accident-prone sections were estimated using a 77 km long freeway section in Zhejiang province, China as an example. Accident data and horizontal alignment data of the freeway were obtained. Two statistical methods – the improved cumulative frequency method considering equivalent accident numbers and the accident matrix method – were used to identify the accident-prone sections of the freeway. Additionally, a new method that combines vehicle dynamic simulation (using the CarSim software program) and speed consistency theory was developed and used to estimate the accident-prone sections of the freeway. To provide design advice, an accident prediction model was established by analysing the relationships between horizontal alignment geometric parameters and accident data. Shown to have a certain reliability, the proposed method can be used by designers to verify the safety condition of newly designed freeways and thus enhance freeway safety. The established model, which is logically reasonable and has a certain precision, could be a valuable reference for freeway designers.
The Russia-Ukraine War and Eastern European Stock Markets
Authors:   Troy University, BAEK Chung
Published: June 2023

We examine the causal relationships and extreme return co-movements between the Russian stock market and adjacent Eastern European (EE) stock markets before and after the recent Russia-Ukraine war. Considering that the EE stock markets are regarded as a group of emerging markets in the same region for the purpose of investment, we are motivated to identify any change in their relationships after the war because this would be critical in terms of stock portfolio diversification. We find that while the war has a positive impact on the causal relationship between the Russian stock market and the Bulgarian stock market, it has a negative impact on the causal relationships between the Russian stock market and the other EE stock markets. Also, extreme return co-movements between the Russian stock market and the Bulgarian stock market are strengthened after the war whereas those between the Russian stock market and the other EE stock markets are weakened after the war. Our study is expected to provide new insight into stock market participants
Proteus Syndrome – A one in a million occurrence
Authors: Sykes Leanne , Bradfield Charles
Published: June 2023

The syndrome is named after the Greek sea-god Proteus, who could change his shape. Proteus Syndrome (PS) is a rare condition with an incidence of less than 1 in 1 million people. It is characterized by variable, multifocal overgrowth of bones, skin, or other tissue derived from any of the three germinal layers. It is generally not apparent at birth, but signs develop rapidly from as early as 6 months and get more severe with age. Craniofacial deformities are less frequent but overgrowth of facial bones leads to disfigurement, malocclusion and a number of other oral and dental anomalies. The following case report of a young boy with PS was written for three reasons. Firstly, it will describe this unusual condition to colleagues who have never encountered patients with the syndrome. It then stresses the importance of a holistic approach to treatment planning. This entails addressing the immediate needs, and then basing the definitive treatment on considerations of possible short- and long term, patient-related developments. Finally, it illustrates how a complex case was treated successfully with conservative management using modifications of standard clinical procedures.
Perceptions of oral health practitioners regarding the long-term effects of service learning; a qualitative study
Authors: Phalwane MG , Mthelebofu B , Sodo P
Published: June 2023

The long-term effects of service learning (SL) have not been explored in the oral health field. Such information has the potential to provide useful feedback to dental educators regarding the effectiveness and impact of SL. This would be relevant in the South African context of inequality and poor access to care. To explore the perceptions of oral health professionals from an academic institution regarding the long-term effects of SL. A case study design was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted. A total of 22 participants from the Bachelor of Dental Therapy, Bachelor of Dental Surgery, and Bachelor of Oral Hygiene participated in the study. The participants indicated that SL is a worthy activity that exposed them to the real world of dentistry and provided them with the exposure that prepared them for work actualities. Four major themes emerged; namely, personal qualities, relationship building, challenges related to SL and strategies to improve the outcomes. Participants found SL to be beneficial in their professional development and practice although they highlighted some challenges in practice. They recommended the improvement and upgrading of the SL program, as well as further research on SL approaches in other environments
Synthesis of a three-channel PID controller for controlling a three-zone medium-temperature furnace
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Tsibina Alena I. , Chikildin Gennady P. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Currently, in metrological laboratories there is a need to transfer temperature units from standards of the highest category by reproducing the fixed points of the international temperature scale. The reproduction process of fixed point involves heating, melting, overheating and solidification of the metal and can sometimes take more than one working day. The purpose of this work was to create and practically test an algorithm that takes into account heat flows in a three-zone furnace for uniform heating and relatively fast reaching the solidification area. Over the past twenty years, several algorithms have been used making it possible to go through all four stages within one working day. This paper describes a practically tested algorithm for controlling three-zone furnaces for reproducing the fixed points of the temperature scale in the range from 156.5985 °C to 1084.62 °C. It takes into account the requirements for maintaining the minimum temperature gradient along the height of the fixed point cell. This algorithm has been used in the furnaces of the West Siberian branch of FSUE "VNIIFTRI". The controller model is based on the principles of automatic control theory using a multi-channel discrete proportional-integral-derivative or PID controller. The model was modified in accordance with the system structure. The main idea is to represent the model of a three-zone furnace as a three-channel control object with mutual influence between the channels. The corresponding controller model is a three-channel control system. In each channel of it there is a PID controller. Depending on the phase of the playback process, the three-channel controller changes its structure and tunes its coefficients. Such a structure made it possible to achieve sufficient productivity of the furnace.
Development of an architectural software solution for Internet of Thing devices
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Shperling Vladimir K. , Yakimenko Alexander A. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

The article presents the development of an architectural software solution for Internet of Things (IoT) devices that implements the functionality of an automatic medical drug dispenser, based on the ESP32 hardware platform and utilizing the capabilities of the existing real-time operating systems (RTOS). The software architecture for IoT devices was designed with scalability and fault tolerance in mind. All components of the system interact with each other through asynchronous callback functions, which provides flexibility and extensibility to the architecture. Testing for system fault tolerance was conducted. The architecture can be implemented and used as the basis for any IoT device, allowing for support of modern security and functionality stacks, by implementing this functionality once in any of the devices. The process of designing the software architecture is presented, including the selection of suitable technologies and libraries. Particular attention was paid to ensuring the safety and reliability of the device, including protection against an unauthorized access and errors in operation. The experimental results show high efficiency and accuracy of the automatic medical drug dispenser based on the developed software. The practical part provides examples of implementing the proposed architecture in the C and C++ languages, with examples and basic interaction diagrams between the components. The rxcpp library was also used in writing the C++ implementation, which made it easier to write the code base for interacting with the operating system resources and reusing the multithreaded interaction with the system.
Identification of locally-adaptive regression models with triangular indicator functions
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Popov Alexander A.
Published: June 2023

The basic idea of constructing locally-adaptive regression models (LAR models) consists in the use of regressors defined on the local subregions of factor values. The belonging of factor values to a particular local subdomain is set by indicator functions. Indicator functions by their nature are close to the well-known concepts of membership functions from the theory of fuzzy systems (Fuzzy Systems). As a rule, to provide the required smoothness of the required dependence of the response on the acting factors such local subdomains are defined with overlapping - in the form of the so-called fuzzy partitions. Type or type of indicator functions may be very different: triangular, trapezoidal, and non-linear. Specifying one or another type of indicator function determines the scheme of weighing local models. Each indicator function must be defined for the entire range of the corresponding factor. Triangular-type functions are used as indicator functions in this work. Linear factor models are considered as local models. It is noted that in their original form the proposed LAR models are not identifiable. The issue of identification of such models in the case of joint estimation of all parameters is considered. The procedure of model reduction is introduced. The resulting model is written out in the space of functions that allow estimation. In the case of dividing the domain of factor determination into two, three or four fuzzy partitions we propose the basis of functions allowing evaluation. The results of computational experiment on regression dependence reconstruction by ordinary polynomials of different degrees and by LAR models are given. The efficiency of LAR models in comparison with polynomials of degree 3 and 4 is noted.