bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN METODE EDUTAINMENT UNTUK MENGAJARKAN GEJALA ALAM PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Mayangsari Dewi , Fitroh Siti Fadjryana
Published: June 2022

Anak usia dini akan belajar aktif ketika mereka dilibatkan dalam proses belajar. Proses belajar aktif terjadi saat guru mampu menciptakan interaksi yang baik, mendorong minat belajar anak dan menciptakan perasaan senang pada anak. Salah satu metode pembelajaran aktif yang dapat diterapkan pada anak saat ini ialah metode edutainment. Metode edutainment merupakan metode belajar yang menggabungkan antara konsep bermain, media interaktif dan proses belajar aktif. Anak mulai belajar aktif saat usia dini dan salah satu aspek perkembangan yang mendasari proses belajar adalah perkembangan kognitif. Pembelajaran pada anak yang berpotensi untuk mengembangkan aspek kognitif yaitu sains atau pembelajaran tentang alam. Satu diantara beberapa tema pembelajaran pada anak usia dini di TK yang dapat mengakomodasi perkembangan kognitif yang diajarkan dengan metode edutainment yaitu gejala alam.
PERSEPSI CALON GURU IPA DAN MATEMATIKA TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN BERORIENTASI STEM
Authors: Afifah Ani , Qomaria Nur
Published: June 2022

Pembelajaran STEM merupakan pembelajaran yang mengintegrasikan Science, Technology, Engineering, dan Mathematics dengan berfokus  pada pemecahan masalah nyata dalam  kehidupan sehari-hari. Pembelajaran  STEM memberi kesempatan kepada guru untuk menunjukkan pada siswa bahwa konsep dan prinsip Science, Technology, Engineering, dan Mathematics yang digunakan secara simultan dapat diterapkan dalam pengembangan produk, proses, dan sistem dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan persepsi calon guru IPA dan matematika terhadap pembelajaran berorientasi  STEM. Subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa angkatan 2015 di Prodi Pendidikan IPA Universitas Trunojoyo Madura dan Prodi Pendidikan Matematika di STKIP PGRI Pasuruan. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket terbuka dan dianalisis dengan pengkodean kesamaan pendapat dan dihitung banyaknya subjek dengan pendapat yang sama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa baik calon guru IPA maupun calon guru matematika memberikan persepsi positif terhadap pembelajaran STEM. Subjek juga menunjukkan persepsi positif terhadap pengaplikasian pembelajaran STEM dalam kelas mereka di masa depan.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran ARCS (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, Satisfaction) terhadap Self Esteem Siswa
Authors: Putri Intan Naumi , Ahied Mochmaad , Rosidi Irsad
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran ARCS (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, Satisfaction) terhadap self esteem siswa. Penelitian dilaksanakan di MTs Al Muttaqun Kediri tahun ajaran 2017/2018, kelas 8A sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas 8C sebagai kelas kontrol. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian Quasi Exsperimental. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa; (1) adanya pengaruh yang signifikan pada self esteem siswa antara siswa yang diberi model pembelajaran ARCS (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, Satisfaction) dan siswa yang diberi pembelajaran secara konvensioanl, hal ini dibuktikan –thitung ≤ ttabel thitung (-5,614 ≤ 2,008 5,614) (2) Kualitas self esteem siswa normal dengan rata-rata posttest kelas eksprimen 68%
PROFIL KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA SMP PADA MATERI GETARAN GELOMBANG DAN BUNYI MENGGUNAKAN SOAL BERBANTUAN PROMPTING QUESTION
Authors: Khumairok Wardatul , Wulandari Ana Yuniasti Retno , Qomaria Nur , Muharrami Laila Khamsatul
Published: June 2022

Berpikir kritis melibatkan proses berpikir dalam menerima, mengolah, menganalisis, mensistesis dan mengevaluasi melalui suatu metode ilmiah untuk memperoleh keputusan pemecahan masalah. Pokok bahasan penelitian yakni terkait persentase tingkat keterampilan berpikir kritis dan tingkat keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa SMP pada materi getaran, gelombang dan bunyi menggunakan soal berbantuan prompting question. Jenis penelitian menggunakan mix method dengan desain explanatory sequential. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP di Desa Sungonlegowo Kecamatan Bungah Kabupaten Gresik. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Sampel sebanyak 20 siswa kelas VIII SMP diberikan tes keterampilan berpikir kritis kemudian dipilih 6 siswa sebagai subjek wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Persentase keterampilan berpikir kritis tinggi sebesar 20%, kategori sedang 60%, dan kategori rendah 20%. Tingkat keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa rata-rata tergolong sedang. Siswa rata-rata kurang mampu memenuhi indikator keterampilan berpikir kritis Ennis (1991).
KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH BERDASARKAN TEORI POLYA PADA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP DITINJAU DARI GENDER
Authors: Isnaini Nuriyatul , Ahied Mochammad , Qomaria Nur , Munawaroh Fatimatul
Published: June 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis kemampuan pemecahan pemecahan masalah siswa kelas VIII-A SMP Negeri 1 Klampis berdasarkan teori Polya ditinjau dari gender. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu mixed methods dengan menggunakan explanatory sequential mixed methods design. Subjek penelitiannya yaitu 21 siswa kelas VIII-A dengan sampel wawancara 3 siswa laki-laki dan 3 siswa perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa laki-laki lebih baik daripada siswa perempuan dan secara keseluruhan, siswa laki-laki dan siswa perempuan belum memenuhi semua indikator Polya dikarenakan siswa sering melupakan indikator memeriksa kembali.
Strategi Practice Rehearsal Pairs Terhadap Perilaku Prososial Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun
Authors: Afifatun Siti , Ni'mah Roudlotun , Fikri Tsaqibul
Published: June 2022

Pada masa pandemi Covid-19, dengan dibatasinya proses pembelajaran anak membuat perilaku prososialnya menurun disebabkan kurangnya interaksi dengan teman sebayanya. Hal tersebut kemudian mendorong guru untuk menemukan strategi baru yaitu strategi practice rehearsal pairs. Strategi practice rehearsal pairs (praktik berpasangan) ini merupakan strategi sederhana yang digunakan untuk mempraktikkan sebuah keterampilan atau prosedur dengan teman belajar. Penelitian ini dilakukan di TK Al-Falahiyah Banjarsari Trucuk, dengan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini di antaranya wawancara, observasi, dan, dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan Triangulasi. Berdasarkan hasil observasi penelitian yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan kesimpulan yang menunjukkan perkembangan perilaku prososial anak melalui strategi practice rehearsal pairs. Hasil dari metode practice reherarsal pairs cocok digunakan untuk mendorong anak bersosial dengan teman-temannya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini juga dapat digambarkan bahwa adanya pembiasaan berpasangan membuat interaksi/komunikasi dua arah juga lebih terukur.
Operation Warp Speed and the Countermeasures Acceleration Group— A Twenty-first Century Manhattan Project: Preliminary Observations on the U.S. Department of Defense’s Role in the Supply, Production, and Distribution of COVID-19 Vaccines and Therapeutics
Authors: Hall John E. , Packard Nate ,   Countermeasures Acceleration Group (CAG) Team
Published: June 2022

On 15 May 2020, Operation Warp Speed, later renamed the HHSDOD COVID-19 Countermeasures Acceleration Group (CAG), was a collaboration between the Department of Health and Human Services, the Department of Defense (DOD), and the private sector to accelerate development, production, and distribution of effective vaccines and therapeutics to counter COVID-19 for the American people. The CAG was the nucleus of the “whole-of-America” effort to defeat COVID-19, and DOD’s contribution was essential to the success of the CAG. This article highlights the contributions made by DOD, with a focus on innovative solutions and best practices that might apply to other DOD activities.
Lessons Learned from the Large-Scale CO2 Stimulation of 11 Unconventional Wells in the Williston Basin: A Practical Review of Operations, Logistics, Production Uplift, and CO2 Storage
Authors: Ribeiro Lionel , Thoma Ashley , Bryant Jason , Sundararajan Desikan , Zurovec Wesley
Published: June 2022

The paper introduces the results of the first CO2 fracturing campaign conducted in the Williston Basin. From 2015 to 2019, 11 horizontal multistage wells were safely stimulated using a CO2-hybrid design to improve production and store CO2 underground. The fracturing design consisted of the injection of a supercritical CO2 prepad (with a target injected volume of 5,000 tons per well) followed by a traditional slickwater or hybrid proppant slurry. The CO2 was captured from point-source plants that would have released the CO2 to the atmosphere otherwise.

The performance of the CO2 fracturing design is compared to the performance of nearby hybrid and slickwater designs. The paper provides a range of potential production uplift for both 12-month production and estimated ultimate recovery (EUR). The paper also provides the range of CO2 concentrations produced back to the surface and an estimate of CO2 storage potential based on extensive compositional monitoring.

The paper shares practical guidelines and recommendations to facilitate the understanding and logistics of CO2 operations during injection and production. The field study highlights critical considerations related to fracturing design, logistics, operational handling of CO2, reservoir uplift, and permanent CO2 storage potential. The analysis provides new insight to the storage potential for CO2 fracturing, enhanced oil recovery, and carbon capture and storage (CCS) applications in the Williston Basin, and by extension to other ultratight formations.
The effects PROSTATE care model in the perioperative management of patients underwent radical prostatectomy: An initial experience
Authors: yuan xiuqun , Wu Xiaorong , You Sijie , yang yan , Meng Xiaohong , Pan Jiahua , dong baijun , Zhu Yinjie , yuan xia
Published: June 2022

Purpose
To evaluate the effectiveness after implementing the PROSTATE care model which aims to prepare and support patients for radical prostatectomy.
Methods
The PROSTATE care model was raised and developed based on literature review and available clinical practice guidelines. A total of 673 patients with prostate cancer were enrolled, including 295 patients who received conventional nursing pathway after radical prostatectomy between January 2015 and December 2017, and 378 patients after initiation of PROSTATE care model between January 2018 and December 2020. Length of hospital stay, postoperative outcomes, continence of patients, patient satisfaction and other related patient outcomes were compared between the two groups.
Results
After implementation, the average length of stay decreased from 9.19 ± 1.03 to 7.64 ± 0.98 days (p < .01) without compromising quality of care. Time to remove pelvic drainage tubes dropped from 9.66 ± 9.12 to 7.88 ± .44 days (p = .014), and urinary catheter shortened from 13.08 ± 2.13 days to 9.79 ± 2.40 days (p < .01). Moreover, patients ambulated earlier (p = .028), and recovered faster from incontinence at 3-month pad test (2.69 ± 2.26 vs 3.98 ± 2.74, p = .01) with a raised patient (p = .010).
Conclusion
The PROSTATE care model is focused on the patient-orientated care with efforts from multi-disciplinary team. This model ensures the perioperative safety, promotes faster recovery and improves quality of life without increasing complication rates.
Beneficial Impact of Switching from Cigarette Smoking to Tobacco Heating System Use on Biomarkers of Potential Harm in a Randomized Trial
Authors: Haziza Christelle , Hession Paul S. , David Morgane , Ansari S. Michael , Blanc Nicolas , Bourdonnaye Guillaume de La , Pouly Sandrine , Peitsch Manuel C. , Heremans Annie
Published: June 2022

Background: Smoking cessation reduces the risk of developing smoking-related diseases. Although smoking prevalence has declined, many smokers continue smoking cigarettes. Switching to less harmful smoke-free alternatives such as the Tobacco Heating System (THS), a non-combustible tobacco-based product, is an approach to reduce the harm caused by cigarettes. Methods: We conducted a 12-month clinical study with 984 adult smokers randomized to either continue smoking or to use THS. We assessed the trajectories of biomarkers of potential harm (BoPH) known to be reversible upon smoking cessation, as one measure of different pathways involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular or respiratory diseases, and carcinogenicity. Beneficial impact on 8 key BoPHs was used as a proxy to evaluate harm reduction.Results: At 12 months, comparison of the 8 BoPH levels between the predominant THS use and cigarette smoking groups showed differences in favor of THS switching when contextualized to the changes reported for smoking cessation. Conclusions: Our results likely indicate a further decrease in carcinogenicity and relative risk of developing cardiovascular or respiratory diseases for smokers switching to THS compared to those who would continue smoking. These results provide additional evidence of the harm reduction potential of predominant THS use. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT02649556 Date of registration: 07/01/2016 (dd/mm/yyyy)(https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02649556)
Impact of climate change on kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in India and Kenya
Authors: Kimani Pauline Njoki , KUMAR SOORA NARESH , Panjwani Shweta
Published: June 2022

Climate change is significantly challenging food production and nutritional security. Gaining an understanding on the impacts of climate change on various crops enables us to develop adaptation and mitigation strategies to sustain yields in future climates. Kidney bean, one of the major pulses in the world, is a rich source of protein and is a part of daily diet for over 300 million people. InfoCrop- kidney bean dynamic simulation model was applied to simulate the impact climate change on seed yield in India and Kenya in 2020, 2050 and 2080 climate scenarios under representation concentration pathways 4.5 and 8.5 of Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment Regional Climate Models. Without adaptation in India, kidney bean seed yield is projected to reduce (4-60%) in 5 out of 10 locations depending on scenario. In other locations, impacts are dependent on the relative change in rainfall and temperatures in different climate scenarios. In case of Kenya, during March-May season, seed yield variation is projected to be more, depending on location and climate scenario. During the October-December season, kidney bean seed yield is projected to reduce up to 60% in majority of locations. Additionally, inter-annual variation in seed yield is projected to increase for most of the locations in India and Kenya. Projected decline in seed yield is mainly attributed to a decrease in rainfall and increased variability in rainfall and temperature. Adaptation options such as shifting the sowing time, provision of supplementary irrigation and improved varieties may help to sustain yield in future climates.
The Short Form Endometriosis Health Profile Questionnaire (EHP-5): psychometric validity assessment of a Croatian version
Authors: Mikuš Mislav , Matak Luka , Vujić Goran , Škegro Bernarda , Škegro Ivan , Augustin Goran , Lagana Antonio Simone , Ćorić Mario
Published: June 2022

Purpose: To translate, adapt and validate the Endometriosis Health Profile-5 (EHP-5) in Croatian population.Methods: This validation study is a part of a prospective, observational study (EHP-5 CRO) with aim of implementation of EHP-5 and to provide better insight in quality of life consideration of women with endometriosis in Croatian clinical practice. A 150 consecutive patients with surgically proven endometriosis were enrolled. The translation to Croatian followed standardized procedure. Cronbach's Alpha was calculated to calculate internal consistency reliability of EHP-5. The test-retest reliability was calculated using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The t-test for independent samples was used to assess known-groups validity.Results: Both EHP-5 core and EHP-5 modular parts of the questionnaire had good internal consistency, assessed by the Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient (α=0.793 and α=0.842, respectively). Obtained results indicate very good reliability for core as well as for modular part of EHP-5 questionnaire (ICC=0.896 and 0.936, respectively). The independent t-test showed that women who reported their pain with VAS scale 7 or more had significantly higher results (p<0.001) on EHP-5 (M=50.63) compared with women who reported their pain 6 or less (M=26.91). Furthermore, we found statistically significant difference between women who are infertile with women who are fertile (p<0.001), whereby infertile women had higher average result on EHP-5 (M=49.55) compared with fertile women (M=34.36).Conclusion: The Croatian version of the EHP-5 have very good psychometric characteristics and can be used as a reliable tool for assessing patients with endometriosis in everyday clinical practice.
Aerodynamics performance of a ventilation system for droplets controlling by coughing in a hospital isolation ward
Authors: Song Yunfei , Yang Chengqing , Li Hui , Chen Hongbin , Shen Shengnan , Hou Yuqing , Wang Jiayue
Published: June 2022

Over 270 million people have been infected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the past two years, resulting in 5 million deaths. The virus primarily transmitted through droplets or aerosols produced by coughing, sneezing, and talking. A full-scale isolation ward in Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital is modeled in this work, and water droplet diffusion is simulated using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach. In an isolation ward, a local exhaust ventilation system is intended to avoid cross-infection. The existence of a local exhaust system increases turbulent movement, leading to a complete breakup of the droplet cluster and improved droplet dispersion inside the ward. When outlet negative pressure is 4.5 Pa, the number of moving droplets in the ward decreases by approximately 30% compared to the original ward. The local exhaust system could minimize the number of droplets evaporated in the ward; however, the formation of aerosols cannot be avoided. Furthermore, in six different scenarios there are 60.83%, 62.04%, 61.03%, 60.22%, 62.97% and 61.52% droplets produced by cough deposited on the surface of the patient. However, the local exhaust ventilation system has no apparent influence on the control of surface contamination. This study provides several suggestions for the optimization of ventilation in the wards, and scientific evidence to ensure the air quality of hospital isolation wards.
GHS101 and GHSP26 improves boll retention in upland cotton grown under high temperature of semi-arid subtropical climate
Authors: Saleem Muhammad Asif , Malik Waqas , Asif Muhammad , Ahmad Shakeel , Baig Mirza Muhammad Ahad , Amjid Muhammad Waqas , Ahmad Muhammad Qadir , Ali Hafiz Muhammad Wasif
Published: June 2022

Background
Cotton is a natural fibre producing crop grown worldwide where agro climatic conditions match with its growth and reproduction. High temperature is a major environmental factor affecting cotton production due to climate change. Only way to cope with high temperature is to breed for the tolerance. High temperature tolerance is a complex mechanism that includes many genes by which cotton responds to stress. Genes conferring heat stress can be best studied in segregating population like F2 grown under stressed environment.
Results
Based on contrasting traits (boll retention percentage), two cotton cultivars i.e. FH-Lalazar (High temperature susceptible) and CRIS-9 (High temperature tolerant) were evaluated for eight heat stress related genes. Out of eight, two genes (i.e. GHS101 and GHSP26) were present only in tolerant genotype i.e. CRIS-9 and these two were selected for further analyses. After development of F2, the morphological and yield data from parental as well as F2 population was recorded under natural high temperature conditions. The data for boll retention percentage under high temperature was recorded as an indicator of high temperature tolerance. These two genes were surveyed in 129 plants of F2 population. Most of the plants, containing both genes showed up to 81% boll retention, but some exceptions were there. Most of the phenotypic traits showed skewed variation on histogram depicting metric nature of genes.
Conclusion
Results demonstrated that co-segregation of boll retention property along with heat tolerant genes in F2 population is important in reproductive development of cotton under high temperature conditions. Thus, it is necessary to identify, and pyramid other genes related to high temperature tolerance at reproductive stage.
Cholera Outbreak in some communities in North-East Nigeria: An unmatched case-control study
Authors: Fagbamila Idowu O. , Abdulkarim Muhammad K. , Gandi Benjamin , Abdullahi Ibrahim , Uba Belinda , Okolocha Emmanuel C. , Kwaga Jacob K.P. , Waziri Ndadilnasiya E. , Balogun Muhammad S. , Nguku Patrick , Aworh Mabel K.
Published: June 2022

Background
Cholera, a diarrheal disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, transmitted through fecal contamination of water or food remains an ever-present risk in many countries, especially where water supply, sanitation, food safety, and hygiene are inadequate. A cholera outbreak was reported in Bauchi State, North-eastern Nigeria. We investigated the outbreak to determine the extent and assess risk factors associated with the outbreak.
Methods
We conducted a descriptive analysis of suspected cholera cases to determine the fatality rate (CFR), attack rate (AR), and trends/patterns of the outbreak. We also conducted a 1:2 unmatched case-control study to assess risk factors amongst 110 confirmed cases and 220 uninfected individuals (controls). We defined a suspected case as any person > 5 years with acute watery diarrhea with/without vomiting; a confirmed case as any suspected case in which there was laboratory isolation of Vibrio cholerae O1 or O139 from the stool while a control as any uninfected individual with close contact (same household) with a confirmed case. Children under-5 not included in the case definition but samples from this age group were collected where such symptoms occur and line-listed separately. Data were collected with an interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed using Epi-info and Microsoft excel for frequencies, proportions, bivariate and multivariate analysis at a 95% confidence interval.
Results
A total of 9725 cases were line-listed with a CFR of 0.3% in the state. Dass LGA had the highest CFR (14.3%) while Bauchi LGA recorded the highest AR of 1,830 cases per 100,000 persons. Factors significantly associated with being a case were non-attendance at social gatherings (aOR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.5–0.9) and source of water (aOR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.5–0.8).
Conclusion
Non-attendance at social gatherings and provision of tap water were found to be protective against cholera infection. Public health actions taken included: chlorination of wells and distribution of water guard (1% chlorine solution) bottles to households including public education on cholera prevention messages amongst other actions.
Anti-Ad26 humoral immunity does not compromise neutralizing antibody responses following Ad26-based booster vaccination with Gam-COVID-Vac
Authors: Filatov Alexander , Byazrova Maria , Astakhova Ekaterina , Minnegalieva Aygul , Prilipov Alexey , Gorchakov Andrey
Published: June 2022

Replication-incompetent adenoviral vectors have been extensively used as a platform for vaccine design, with at least four anti-COVID-19 vaccines authorized to date. These vaccines elicit a neutralizing antibody response directed against SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein and confer significant level of protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Immunization with adenovirus-vectored vaccines is known to be accompanied with the production of anti-vector antibodies, which may translate into reduced efficacy of booster or repeated rounds of vaccination. Here, we used adenovirus-based Gam-COVID-Vac vaccination to address the question of whether anti-vector antibodies may influence the magnitude of SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral response after booster vaccination. We observed that Ad26-based prime vaccination with Gam-COVID-Vac induced the development of Ad26-neutralizing antibodies which persisted in circulation for at least 9 months. Our analysis indicates that high pre-boost Ad26 neutralizing antibody titers do not appear to affect the humoral immunogenicity of the Gam-COVID-Vac boost. The titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgGs and antibodies which neutralized both the wild type and the circulating variants of concern of SARS-CoV-2 such as Delta and Omicron, were independent of the pre-boost levels of Ad26-neutralizing antibodies. Thus, our results support the development of repeated immunization schedule with adenovirus-based COVID-19 vaccines.
Deep-Learning-Based Prediction of Nanoparticle Phase Transitions During In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy
Authors: Wang Wei , Fu Wenkai , Spurgeon Steven , Wang Chongmin , Shao Yuyan , Peles Amra
Published: June 2022

We develop the machine learning capability to predict a time sequence of in-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) video frames based on the combined long-short-term-memory (LSTM) algorithm and the features de-entanglement method. We train deep learning models to predict a sequence of future video frames based on the input of a sequence of previous frames. This unique capability provides insight into size dependent structural changes in Au nanoparticles under dynamic reaction condition using in-situ environmental TEM data, informing models of morphological evolution and catalytic properties. The model performance and achieved accuracy of predictions are desirable based on, for scientific data characteristic, a limited size of training data sets. The model convergence and values for the loss function mean square error show dependence on the training strategy, and structural similarity measure between predicted structure images and ground truth reaches the value of about 0.7. This computed structural similarity is smaller than values obtained when the deep learning architecture is trained using much larger benchmark data sets, it is sufficient to show the structural transition of Au nanoparticles. While performance parameters of our model applied to scientific data fall short of those achieved for the non-scientific big data sets, we demonstrate model ability to predict the evolution, even including the particle structural phase transformation, of Au nano particles as catalyst for CO oxidation under the chemical reaction conditions. Using this approach, it may be possible to anticipate the next steps of a chemical reaction for emerging automated experimentation platforms.
Highly conserved interaction profiles between clinically relevant mutants of the cytomegalovirus CDK-like kinase pUL97 and human cyclins: functional significance of cyclin H
Authors: Schütz Martin , Müller Regina , Socher Eileen , Wangen Christina , Full Florian , Wyler Emanuel , Wong Diana , Scherer Myriam , Stamminger Thomas , Chou Sunwen , Rawlinson William D. , Hamilton Stuart T. , Sticht Heinrich , Marschall Manfred
Published: June 2022

The complex network of host interaction of the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) involves the regulatory protein kinase pUL97, which represents a viral cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) ortholog. pUL97 interacts with the three human cyclin types T1, H and B1, whereby the binding region of cyclin T1 and the pUL97 oligomerization region were both assigned to amino acids 231–280. We further addressed the question whether HCMVs harboring mutations in ORF-UL97, i.e. short deletions or resistance-conferring point mutations, are affected in the interaction with human cyclins and viral replication. To this end, clinically relevant UL97 drug resistance-conferring mutants were analyzed by whole-genome sequencing and used for genetic marker transfer experiments. The recombinant HCMVs indicated conservation of pUL97–cyclin interaction, since all viral UL97 point mutants still showed interaction with the analyzed cyclin types and exerted wild-type-like replication fitness. In comparison, recombinant HCMVs UL97 Δ231–280 and Δ236–275 lost interaction with cyclins T1 and H, showed an impaired replication efficiency and also reduced kinase activity. Moreover, a cellular knock-out of cyclins B1 or T1 did not alter HCMV replication phenotypes or pUL97 kinase activity, possibly indicating alternative, compensatory pUL97–cyclin interactions. To the contrary, however, cyclin H knock-out, similar to virus deletion mutants in the pUL97–cyclin H binding region, exhibited strong defective phenotypes of HCMV replication. Thus, cyclin H proved to be a very relevant determinant of both, pUL97 kinase activity and viral replication efficiency. Combined, the results provide evidence for the functional importance of pUL97–cyclin interaction, and a high selective pressure on the formation of pUL97–cyclin complexes as identified for clinically relevant mutants.
Rapid extraction of toluene from water samples based on CNTs – nitrogen-doped porous graphene nanostructures by packed syringe membrane filter solid-phase microextraction before determination by gas chromatography
Authors: Teimoori Shahnaz , Shirkhanloo hamid , Hassani Amir Hessam , Panahi Mostafa , Mansouri Nabiollah
Published: June 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Effects of Receiving Renal Biopsy on the Prognosis of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Impaired Renal Function
Authors: Zhang Tianyi , Yang Xiaoqian , Zhang Minfang , Zhou Wenyan , Jin Yan , Zhou Hang , Zhou Yin , Wang Qin , Mou Shan
Published: June 2022

Background: Impaired renal function was not a recognized indication for renal biopsy. The effects of receiving renal biopsy on the renal functional prognosis for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with impaired renal function need to be explored.Methods: This study retrospectively enrolled 300 renal function impaired CKD patients in Renji Hospital from January 2015 to December 2017, 150 of them received percutaneous renal biopsy while the others did not. The endpoint was ≥50% estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline from baseline or development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank test was performed to compare the renal survival probability between patients receiving renal biopsy or not. Univariate and multivariate analysis with Cox regression were conducted with predictors of poor renal outcomes in the study cohort.Results: The median follow-up period was 37.6 months. During the follow-up period, the eGFR of the biopsy group increased from 52.2±14.4 to 67.4±37.8 ml/min/1.73m², but decreased from 55.3±17.1 to 29.8±19.1 ml/min/1.73m² in the non-biopsy group. Patients who received renal biopsy had significantly higher renal survival probability (P<0.001). Cox regression analysis revealed that 24-hour urine protein excretion (24h UPE) more than 1g/d was an independent predictor for poor renal outcomes in the non-biopsy group but not in the renal biopsy group (HR=1.719, P=0.040). Conclusion: CKD patients with impaired renal function are recommended to receive renal biopsy to make pathological diagnoses, especially for those with the 24-hour urine protein excretion more than 1g/d.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding child maltreatment amongst Iranian medical students through internship course: An 18-month longitudinal study
Authors: Boroon Mahsa , Mokhtari Saba , Nojomi Marzieh , Hadi Fatemeh , Sorayya Shiva , Shalbafan Mohammadreza
Published: June 2022

Background: Child maltreatment or abuse has been a worldwide major problem and has remained a persistent public health challenge in all countries. Physicians have a significant role in the prevention and intervention of child maltreatment. An educated physician that can effectively identify and report child maltreatment, can fill one of the largest gaps in reducing child abuse.This study was performed to examine the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding child maltreatment amongst Iranian medical students through internship course.Method: All the medical students (235 students) of the Iran University of Medical Sciences who passed the internship entrance exam in 2019-2020 academic year participated in this study. The participants completed the questionnaire about their attitude, knowledge and practice skills in the first month of their internship course and then completed the same questionnaire 18 months later, at the end-point of the internship period.Results: 139 (59.1%) participants were female and 96 (40.9%) were male. The mean age of the subjects was 24.35±0.76. Only 7 (3%) of them formerly received any education about child maltreatment.There was a significant difference in scores of the knowledge of diagnosis (p-value< 0.001), the practice of prevention (p-value< 0.002) and the general subscale of the practice section (p-value< 0.001) during the internship course. However, the performance of participants decreased with a significant difference in the subscales of the attitude towards diagnosis (p-value< 0.001) and the attitude towards reporting (p-value< 0.001).At the end of the study, the result of graduated physicians was: The total knowledge and attitude of participants were satisfactory and the majority of the participants were at good levels. Although, in the practice subscale, 70.6% of the participants didn’t identify, 84.7% didn’t refer, and 86.4% didn’t report a case of child abuse in the past year.Conclusion: The knowledge and attitude of Iranian recently graduated physicians regarding child maltreatment are at a satisfactory level. Although, the practice level has deficiencies and needs more education. In addition, the change of the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding child maltreatment of medical students during internship course is not sufficient and there are multiple obstacles that need to be solved.
Does patient satisfaction after foot surgery change with time? A mid-term retrospective study using PASCOM-10
Authors: North Victoria , Reilly Ian Neil , Brigden Andy
Published: June 2022

Background: Recording patient reported outcome measurements at six months after surgery using PASCOM-10 is common practice in podiatric surgery. The aim of this study is to establish if patient satisfaction after foot surgery is changed at the 12 month point.Method: An audit of patient reported outcomes following foot surgery was undertaken. Electronic case notes were examined, and 236 patients were identified over a 1-year period. Patients completed the Manchester Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ) pre-surgery, at six-months post-operatively (in person/telephone conversation) and were then invited by letter to re-complete this again at 12-months post-operatively. 91 participants (39%) completed both post-operative questionnaires (66 females 25 males). The average age was 64 (range: 35-93). Results: The results demonstrate that there was a significant effect between the three time points in the MOXFQ domains of walking/standing, pain and social interaction (0.353, F (6, 356) = 40.59, p <.001), and a further interaction with gender (0.435, F (6,352) = 30.23, p <.001). An average, positive change in patient satisfaction in all domains is the greatest from pre-surgery to 6-months post-surgery at 78% and then decreases to 62% 12-months post-surgery. Negative and insignificant changes are highest from 6 to 12 months. Females experience lower satisfaction at the six- and 12-month post-operative time points but gain the greatest improvement in patient satisfaction at 30%. National PASCOM data significant with all domain comparisons data (p< .001) is a subset. Conclusion: A patient centred approach is key in foot surgery when determining patient satisfaction. Patient satisfaction levels change significantly at different time points. In this review, the overall patient satisfaction improved with surgery, but with a higher response score at six months than 12. A short period of recovery may not yield the genuine long-term patient reported outcomes and increase to 12 months is recommended from the more common six months. However, the differencing methods of collecting post-operative data may have had an influence on scores.
An Efficient Keyword Search on Temporal Graphs
Authors: Ge Youming , Chen Zitong , Liu Yubao
Published: June 2022

Keyword search on temporal graph is to find a tree covering a set of query labels and being valid in the query time interval. It has many applications in cloud computing, community detection, social network, collaborative project, and so on. However, the existing methods are limited in solving the problem of keyword search on temporal graphs. We propose two basic algorithms, the discrete timestamp algorithm, and the approximate algorithm , the idea of which is trying to turn the problem into the traditional keyword search on graph. To address the low efficiency and low quality of the two basic algorithms, we propose a new algorithm based on dynamic programming to solve the keyword search on temporal graph. The idea is to extend a leaf vertex into a solution by edge-growth operation and tree-merger operation. We also propose two powerful pruning techniques to reduce the intermediate results during the extension. To speed up the algorithm further, we show that our algorithms can be easily parallel. Besides, all algorithms we proposed can handle different kinds of ranking functions well, and all of them can be adaptive to top-N keyword querying by simply changing the stop condition. The efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed algorithms are verified through extensive empirical studies.
The impact of alcoholic drinks and dietary factors on epigenetic markers associated with triglyceride levels
Authors: Lai Chao-Qiang , Parnell Laurence , Lee Yu-Chi , Zeng Haihan , Smith Caren , McKeown McKeown Nicola M. , Ordovas Jose
Published: June 2022

Background: Although current evidence shows that environmental and lifestyle factors are associated with DNA methylation patterns, mechanisms underlying the relationship between diet and other exposures and epigenetic profiles remain to be fully described. To clarify the unique connections between dietary intake and lifestyle factors on disease risk, we conducted epigenetic mapping of diet and lifestyle habits for plasma triglyceride concentrations (TG) by investigating links between lifestyle, including diet, and methylation marks with TG. Methods: We first conducted an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) for TG in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring population (n=2,178). We then examined the relationships between dietary and lifestyle-related variables, collected over 13 years, and differential DNA methylation sites (DMSs) associated with the last TG measures (exam 8). Second, we conducted a mediation analysis to evaluate causal relationships between diet-related variables and TG. Results: The EWAS revealed 28 TG-associated DMSs at 19 regions (e.g., ABCG1, CPT1A, DHCR24, GARS, NCORS, PFKFB3, PHGDH, PPP2R2B, RNF145, SARS, SLC1A5, SLC43A1, SLC7A11 SREBF1, TXNIP, ZFHX3). After accounting for multiple testing, we identified 427 significant associations (representative of 102 unique associations) between these DMSs and one or more dietary and lifestyle-related variables. The most significant and consistent associations between 11 TG-associated DMSs and diet were alcohol and carbohydrate intake (% total energy), with P-values ranging from 2.89E-04 to 8.37E-70. Mediation analyses demonstrated that alcohol and carbohydrate intake independently affect TG via DMSs as mediators. For seven of the 19 identified DMS regions, higher alcohol intake was associated with lower methylation and higher TG. In contrast, increased carbohydrate intake was associated with higher DNA methylation at two epigenetic loci (CPT1A and SLC7A11) and lower TG. Conclusions: Our findings imply that TG-associated DMSs reflect dietary intakes that could affect cardiometabolic disease risk via epigenetic changes, specifically through their impact on DNA methylation.
Effectiveness of developing a self-management mobile app on the quality of life of women with breast cancer: a study in a developing country Running Title :Impact of a self-management app on breast cancer patients' quality of life
Authors: Jebraeily Mohamad , Eghtedar Samereh , Ayatollahi Haleh , Mohammadzadeh Zahra
Published: June 2022

Background: Self-management involves taking responsibility for your own health and taking the initiative to do so. This can be accomplished by learning information and skills that will help you deal with the difficulties you may encounter during and after your cancer treatment. The aim of this study was to develop a self-management mobile app for women with breast cancer and evaluate of in Iran impact it on the quality of life of patients.Method: This study is a methodological study in 2021. We developed the app during three phases. The QLACS questionnaire and Excel software were used to collect and analyze the data. A total of 24 breast cancer patients were included in the study.Result: Among the most significant changes were in the Quality of Life level, highest respectively: social avoidance (pre: 6.41 – post: 3.56), negative feelings (pre: 5.93 - post: 3.40), sexual function (pre: 6.80 - post: 5.04), sexual interest (pre: 6.41 - post: 4.75) and pain (pre: 6.37 - post: 4.97). And least the changes respectively: distress-family (pre: 7 - post: 7), distress-recurrence (pre: 4.49 - post: 4.38), benefits (pre: 2.47 - post: 3.12), appearance (pre: 4.10 - post: 3.32).Conclusion: Breast cancer patients' quality of life can be improved by providing more targeted content through more accessible tools such as mobile apps.
The prokaryotic Gabija complex senses both viral transcription and DNA metabolism for antiviral defense
Authors: Cheng Rui , Huang Fengtao , Lu Xueling , Yan Yan , Yu Bingbing , Wang Xionglue , Zhu Bin
Published: June 2022

The perpetual arms race between bacteria and phages has led to the development of ingenious bacterial defense systems, including an immense array of unknown systems in addition to the well-known restriction-modification and CRISPR/Cas systems, one of the most dominant of which is the Gabija system, which exists in 8.5% of sequenced bacteria and archaea. The Gabija system consists of the GajA and GajB proteins. We revealed that GajA is a DNA nicking endonuclease that senses NTP depletion by phage transcription. The DNA binding of GajA is strictly inhibited by NTP and the antiviral defense of GajA requires the assistance from GajB, which senses DNA termini produced from phage DNA replication and recombination to hydrolyze (d)A/(d)GTP. The GajB gene encodes two colinear forms of proteins. The full-length GajBʹ protein exhibits stronger ATP hydrolysis activity and is sufficient to support bacteriophage resistance. GajA forms tetramers in vitro and tightly binds to GajB and/or GajBʹ to form stable complexes in vivo and in vitro. However, the 1:1 GajA/B or GajA/Bʹ complex has no antiviral activity. To constitute a functional Gabija complex, fine regulation at the protein expression level is required to maintain the molecular ratio between GajB/GajBʹ and GajA below 1:1. Through (i) multiple sensing of phage pivot activities including transcription and DNA replication and recombination and (ii) fine stoichiometry regulation of the DNA processing complex, the Gabija system exhibits a delicate and concise mechanism distinct from any known prokaryotic antiviral system.
Attitude, Control, and the Finiteness Distinction in Chinese
Authors: Liao Wei-wen , Wang Yuyun
Published: June 2022

It is generally assumed that the notion of finiteness is not applicable to Chinese due to the lack of grammatical tense/person agreement. Meanwhile, syntactic evidence suggests that the finiteness distinction can be made from predicate types in Chinese, but exactly how finiteness is defined and why predicate types may determine finiteness in Chinese remain obscure. The paper argues that the paradox of finiteness distinction in Chinese can be solved if we assume a parameterized version of Bianchi’s (2003) definition of finiteness based on logophoric anchoring. Specifically, due to the lack of tense or person agreement, Chinese employs ‘world’ as the primary anchoring device, and since world-anchoring is correlated to the propositional attitude of the matrix predicate, this gives us an explanation why the finiteness of Chinese is sensitive to predicate types. We further argue that infinitive control complements are embedded jussive clauses in Chinese, and the internal world-anchoring is forced by a performative modal element that is present in both jussive and control clauses. By assuming that the embedded control clause is a centered proposition (a set of individual-world pairs) and the performative modal element anchors it to the internal speaker/addressee, the semantic mechanism allows us to unify various proposals regarding control and finiteness.
Empirical Analysis of Normal Selenium Level in Taiwanese
Authors: Khoo Seokkooi , Chao Ting-Yu , Chen Yen-Ling , Chu Yi-Wen , Chien Du-Shieng
Published: June 2022

Selenium (Se) is an essential micromineral that is incorporated into the active center of selenoproteins which play important roles in regulating immune function, thyroid function, antioxidant defense, and glucose homeostasis. Dietary intakes and bodily levels of Se vary across countries due to geographical distribution of the mineral, dietary patterns, Se species, and genetic predispositions. Biomarkers such as serum/plasma Se, tissue Se, and bioactivity of selenoproteins to suggest Se status of an individual have been proposed and used in epidemiological and clinical studies. Beside vulnerable populations residing in Se-deficient regions, Se deficiency is found in patients of chronic illness, cancer, and those experiencing severe trauma; Se supplementation to this group has been shown to provide benefits including reduced mortality rates and better prognosis. However, there is a lack of consensus to determine Se adequacy and deficiency in terms of health and disease in the context of the local Taiwanese population. In this study, plasma and serum Se values reported from selected studies were pooled to calculate the normal Se range of the general adult Taiwanese. The calculated mean ± standard deviation values of Se level were 182.8 ± 124.3 μg/L (N = 5,508), and the range of Se levels was estimated to be approximately 58–307 mg/L. From this range, Se < 98.8 mg/L was suggestive of deficiency and required Se supplementation, whereas maintaining adequate levels of Se in the range of 125–183 mg/L would help to optimize its role in physiological well-being and disease prevention in Taiwanese adults.
Compatible director fields in $\mathbb{R}^3$
Authors: Silva Luiz C. B. da , Bar Tal , Efrati Efi
Published: June 2022

The geometry and interactions between the constituents of a liquid crystal, which are responsible for inducing the partial order in the fluid, may locally favor an attempted phase that could not be realized in $\mathbb{R}^3$. While states that are incompatible with the geometry of $\mathbb{R}^3$ were identified more than 50 years ago, the collection of compatible states remained poorly understood and not well characterized. Recently, the compatibility conditions for three-dimensional director fields were derived using the method of moving frames. These compatibility conditions take the form of six differential relations in five scalar fields locally characterizing the director field. In this work, we rederive these equations using a more transparent approach employing vector calculus and characterize a wide collection of compatible phases.