bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimating the Prevalence of Recreational Opioid Use in Spain Using a Multiplier Method
Authors: Pulido José , Sanchez-Niubo Albert , Llorens Noelia , Hoyos Juan , Barrio Gregorio , Belza Maria Jose , Cea-Soriano Lucía , Angulo-Brunet Ariadna , Sordo Luis
Published: April 2022

Acknowledgement of the prevalence of recreational opioid use (PROU) is key to the planning and evaluation of care services. However, in Spain, the prevalence of PROU in recent years is unknown. The objective of this study was to estimate the PROU between 2005 and 2019 in the general populations of six Spanish cities. A benchmark-multiplier methodology was used to estimate the PROU population size. The benchmark used was overdose deaths from recreational opioid use in Spain’s six most populated cities. The multiplier was the overdose death rate in a cohort of heroin users. Linear regression was used to estimate the trend of the PROU estimate over the set period of years. In 2005, the PROU was 4.78 (95%CI 3.16–7.91) per 1000 people. The estimated trend decreased, with the two lowest values being 2.35 per 1000 in 2015 and 2.29 in 2018. In 2019 the PROU was 2.60 per 1000 (95%CI 1.72–4.31), 45% lower than in 2005. While the decline in the PROU continues, its deceleration over the last four years calls for increased vigilance, especially in light of the opioid crisis in North America that has occurred over the last few years.
Genius Loci of Ancient Village from the Perspective of Tourists Experience: Scale Development and Validation
Authors: Jiang Zuoming , Lin Derong
Published: April 2022

As the spiritual homeland marker of modern urbanites, ancient villages have grown into popular tourist attractions. However, the existing literature lacks a conceptually valid and psychometrically sound scale to measure the existential value of ancient villages that meet the material and spiritual needs of tourists. Guided by the concept of genius loci in architectural phenomenology, this study developed and validated a scale to measure the genius loci of ancient villages from the perspective of tourists experience in the Chinese context. Following multistage scale development and validation procedures, tourists in two World Cultural Heritage ancient villages were sampled in two stages (Study 1, n = 214; Study 2, n = 228) to establish the psychometric properties of a genius loci scale. A three-dimensional (earthbound atmosphere, architectural culture, and spiritual homeland) genius loci measurement with 10 items was identified, and the scale showed good reliability and validity. This study extends the current ancient village tourism literature and provides a measurement tool for further investigation by academics and tourism professionals.
Increased Patient Empowerment Is Associated with Improvement in Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Findings from the INDICA Study
Authors: Duarte-Díaz Andrea , González-Pacheco Himar , Rivero-Santana Amado , Ramallo-Fariña Yolanda , Perestelo-Pérez Lilisbeth , Álvarez-Pérez Yolanda , Peñate Wenceslao , Carrion Carme , Serrano-Aguilar Pedro ,   on behalf of the INDICA Team
Published: April 2022

Introduction. In cross-sectional analyses, higher levels of patient empowerment have been related to lower symptoms of anxiety and depression. The aims of this study are: (1) to assess if patient empowerment predicts anxiety and depression symptoms after 12 and 24 months among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and (2) to analyze whether a change in patient empowerment is associated with a change in anxiety and depression level. Methods. This is a secondary analysis of the INDICA study, a 24 month-long, multi-arm randomized controlled trial. Patient empowerment (DES-SF), depression (BDI-II), and state-anxiety (STAI-S) were assessed at the baseline (pre-intervention) and after 12 and 24 months. Multilevel mixed linear models with a random intercept were performed to correct for our clustered data. Results. The multilevel regression models showed that the baseline empowerment did not significantly predict anxiety and depression after 12 and 24 months. However, a higher increase in patient empowerment was significantly associated with reductions of anxiety (p < 0.001) and depression levels (p < 0.001). This association was not significantly different between the two follow-ups. Conclusion. This study contributes to the knowledge on how to reduce affective symptoms in patients with uncomplicated T2DM through comprehensive patient-centered interventions, and it highlights patient empowerment as a significant contributor.
Understanding Players’ Sportspersonship Attitude, Expectancy-Related Beliefs, and Subjective Task Values in Field Hockey: An Integrated Approach
Authors: Rarujanai Kanagarajah , Teo Eng Wah , Ngien Siong Chin , Ling Arthur , Kuan Garry
Published: April 2022

(1) Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between expectancy-value components and attitudes toward sportspersonship among Malaysian adolescent field hockey players. This study also examined the effect of expectancy beliefs, task values, and sportspersonship attitude on the motivation of adolescent field hockey players by gender and age group. (2) Methods: The Malay versioned Expectancy Value Model Questionnaire and the Malay versioned Multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientations Scale were administered on 730 respondents (µ = 15.46 ± 1.83 years). (3) Results: The expectancy values and attainment value (r = 0.894), utility value and attainment value (r = 0.833) were highly correlated. There was no significant gender difference in expectancy, task values, and sportspersonship attitude dimensions. The main effect of age group was significant on task values: F (2724) = 4.19; p = 0.01. The difference was indicated between age groups of 15–16 years and 12–14 years (p = 0.02, d = 0.014) under task values variable. (4) Conclusions: There is no significant relationships between sportspersonship attitude (MSOS-M) and of expectancy beliefs and task values (EVMQ-M). To conclude, female and younger players demonstrate lower expectancy beliefs, task values, and sportspersonship attitudes than male and older field hockey players.
Breathing Room: Industrial Zoning and Asthma Incidence Using School District Health Records in the City of Santa Ana, California
Authors: Mock Kelton , Palma Anton M. , Wu Jun , Billimek John , Lu Kim D.
Published: April 2022

Background: Traffic and industrial emissions are associated with increased pediatric asthma morbidity. However, few studies have examined the influence of city industrial zoning on pediatric asthma outcomes among minoritized communities with limited access to air monitoring. Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis of 39,974 school-aged students in Santa Ana, CA, we investigated the effect of proximity to areas zoned for industrial use on pediatric asthma prevalence, physical fitness, school attendance, and standardized test scores. Results: The study population was 80.6% Hispanic, with 88.2% qualifying for free/reduced lunch. Compared to students living more than 1 km away from industrial zones, those living within 0.5 km had greater odds of having asthma (adjusted OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.34, p < 0.001). Among children with asthma, those living between 0.5–1.0 km had greater odds of being overweight or obese (aOR 1.47, 95% CI 1.00, 2.15, p = 0.047). Industrial zone proximity was not significantly associated with worse fitness and academic outcomes for students with asthma. Conclusion: These findings suggest that industrial zone proximity is associated with increased pediatric asthma in a predominantly Latino community in Southern California.
The Coach–Athlete–Parent Relationship: The Importance of the Sex, Sport Type, and Family Composition
Authors: Lisinskiene Ausra , Lochbaum Marc
Published: April 2022

Interpersonal relationships exist in many forms within the sport environment. Athlete performance and career direction, at times, depend on their formed sport relationships. Positive and negative interpersonal relationships among the coach, the athlete, and the parent affects many athletes’ behavioral outcomes, such as continued participation. Our research aimed to understand whether the positive and negative processes in the coach, athlete, and parent interpersonal relationships depend on athletes’ sex, age, family composition, sport experience, and the type of sport. To achieve our research purpose, 632 volunteer student-athletes (aged 11–19) completed our survey. Our survey included the Positive and Negative Processes in the Coach–Athlete–Parent (PNPCAP) relationship scale and demographics (i.e., sex, age, family composition, years in competitive sport, and sport type). The study results revealed that positive processes, as measured by the positive PNPCAP subscale, were invariant to our categorical variables. However, participants’ self-ratings of negative PNPCAP-measured processes depended upon sex, sport type, and family makeup. Significant (p < 0.05) two-way interactions revealed boys involved in individual sports and residing without their parents or with one self-reported a higher level of the negative processes. The calculated effect size values with the other groupings were mostly medium in magnitude. The third significant two-way interaction resulted for sport type by family makeup. This two-way interaction revealed individual sport participants without or residing with one parent reported higher levels of negative processes. The effect size values were a mix of small and medium in meaningfulness. In conclusion, while positive Coach–Athlete–Parent processes appear invariant to our measured categorical variables, sex, sport type, and family makeup moderated the negative processes. Further research, such as mixed methods, is required to best understand and provide direction for intervention research to reduce negative processes in youth sport.
Prácticas de movilidad y desempeño laboral del profesorado rural en la Región de La Araucanía, Chile
Authors: Riquelme Brevis Hernán , Sandoval Obando Eduardo
Published: April 2022

Las experiencias de vida del profesorado que se ha desempeñado en contextos de ruralidad constituyen una herramienta histórico-cultural válida para comprender las prácticas de movilidad y el desempeño laboral. Esta realidad permite develar aquellos saberes que aportan en la sistematización y la generación de nuevas formas y posibilidades de comprensión de la educación rural en Chile. El objetivo del artículo es analizar las experiencias de trabajo de profesores que se desempeñan en escuelas rurales, en relación con el viaje y su influencia en el desarrollo de sus actividades profesionales cotidianas en La Araucanía. En lo metodológico, la investigación se desarrolla desde un enfoque interpretativo cualitativo; a partir de un diseño descriptivo, exploratorio y transversal. Para la interpretación de los datos se recurrió al análisis de contenido y las entrevistas en profundidad, desde la perspectiva narrativa generativa. Dentro de los resultados destacan dos dimensiones centrales. Por un lado, aspectos vinculados a las historias de vida y expectativas de los docentes rurales, por otro lado, las experiencias y prácticas de movilidad de estos, involucrando aspectos que trascienden el viaje en sí.
Movilidad rural y extractivismo. Dos casos sobre agricultura y minería en Bolivia
Authors: De Marchi Moyano Bianca , Alvarez Quinteros Patricia Lileth , Gutierrez Ulo Israel Roly
Published: April 2022

El artículo desarrolla el objetivo de explorar la relación entre minería, agricultura y movilidad en dos entidades socioterritoriales de Bolivia: el municipio de Mapiri (en el departamento de La Paz) y la Autonomía Indígena Originario Campesina de Raqaypampa (en el departamento de Cochabamba). A partir de entrevistas, de la revisión de información primaria y secundaria y de la lectura de imágenes satelitales, se proponen dos tipos de movilidad asociadas al extractivismo rural y relacionadas con la minería y la agricultura. El ejercicio permite cuestionar algunos antecedentes y supuestos sobre la ruralidad boliviana y adaptar nociones teóricas clave para el análisis de la movilidad en los territorios rurales.
Movilidades rurales y trabajo agropecuario. Tensiones conceptuales y contradicciones empíricas en la Argentina
Authors: Crovetto María Marcela
Published: April 2022

La teoría social y los estudios de los espacios sociales se han construido en occidente en clave dicotómica, desde sus inicios. Las sociedades post industriales y el capitalismo tardío al que asistimos evidencian la constricción heurística de las miradas binomiales. Esto se manifiesta tanto en la estrechez conceptual y vaguedad definitoria sobre lo rural y lo urbano -impactando en los análisis territoriales, de mercados de trabajo, de población, de transformaciones espaciales y, por tanto, también en las formas que adquieren las movilidades espaciales (cotidianas, por temporadas o de asentamiento más estables)-. En las actividades agropecuarias ha sido un indicador clave de la ruptura de estas dicotomías no sólo la construcción de trayectorias cotidianas rururbanas de los trabajadores y trabajadoras sino también los procesos de relocalización de las plantas de empaque o etapas pre industriales en productos de exportación (tanto en fresco como procesados). Este artículo propone la discusión conceptual sobre las movilidades llamadas rurales y anclará sus disrupciones en la evidencia empírica recogida en diferentes lugares de Argentina que escapan a la lógica particular de producción en la llamada región pampeana.
Análise da qualidade do sistema de transporte Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Linha TransOeste na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Authors: Rezende Fabire , Silva Júnior Orivalde Soares da Silva Júnior , Bandeira Renata , Silva Adonis , Pacífico Dayse , Pierrotti Felipe , Valente Lucas , Rodrigues Samille
Published: April 2022

O desenvolvimento dos centros urbanos acarretou no aumento do número de deslocamentos da população e consequentemente no aumento do tráfego. Para realização dos Jogos Olímpicos de 2016, o Rio de Janeiro decidiu pela implantação de um sistema de transporte BRT (Bus Rapid Transit), ligando a Barra da Tijuca ao extremo oeste da Zona Oeste da cidade. Nesse contexto, este artigo tem como objetivo avaliar o nível de qualidade do serviço do BRT TransOeste por meio de indicadores de qualidade. Através de uma pesquisa de satisfação destinada aos usuários do sistema foi possível avaliar e estimar o nível de satisfação no que diz respeito à qualidade do serviço ofertado, do ponto de vista do usuário. A metodologia utilizada para verificação da qualidade dos serviços prestados pelo BRT foi baseada na coleta de dados com usuários, através de questionários, realizada no terminal rodoviário Jardim Oceânico. Foram obtidos resultados positivos no teste de Alpha de Cronbach quanto às expectativas e percepções dos usuários. Na sequência, foi aplicado o método de análise fatorial de importância, empregando o software IBM SPSS Statistics. Os resultados obtidos permitiram constituir gaps da qualidade que elucidam as deficiências e as necessidades de melhorias no BRT TransOeste.
Uma análise multiescalar dos impactos da modernização do Terminal de Porto Murtinho na rede sul-matogrossense
Authors: Oliveira Cruz Dayana Aparecida Marques
Published: April 2022

A circulação realizada através das redes de transportes é fundamental para a reprodução, acumulação e valorização do capital. Por isso, o planejamento, a modernização e a ampliação das infraestruturas são alvo de investimentos por parte dos estados nacionais e da iniciativa privada. No caso dos países periféricos e semiperiféricos, como é o caso do Brasil, a conformação da rede de circulação deve ser lida de acordo com a lógica flexível de acumulação e com os interesses dos agentes hegemônicos. Esses aspectos implicam em uma seletividade que (des)integra determinados espaços na rede. O intuito deste artigo é discutir sobre os impactos da modernização do Terminal Hidroviário de Porto Murtinho na rede de circulação de Mato Grosso do Sul, considerando as novas possibilidades de escoamento da soja produzida no estado.
Mujeres para una empresa moderna: azafatas y empleadas del Centro de Cómputos en la empresa Ferrocarriles Argentinos (1969-1973)
Authors: Godoy Solange
Published: April 2022

El presente artículo analiza cómo, durante los años 1969 y 1973, la empresa Ferrocarriles Argentinos hizo del trabajo femenino una imagen visible. Como parte de una política de cambio de imagen, durante dicho período, la empresa destinó notable atención a la promoción de dos sectores que se erigían como asidero de la modernización: las azafatas de los “Trenes Bandera” y las empleadas del flamante Centro de Cómputos. Se argumenta que la atención puesta hacia las mujeres en el ferrocarril estuvo asociada al hecho de que su inclusión fuera considerada modernizante. Para ello, se analizan fuentes documentales y, también, se incorpora el testimonio oral de una azafata de los “Trenes Bandera”.
Instability of Ice Mass Balance and Climate Change Induced Sea Level Rise-An Appraisal
Authors: Sudipta Chakraborty , Kambekar A. R. , Arnab Sarma
Published: April 2022

It is found from literature on impact of changes in climate and the resultant rise in sea level, that the scenarios, which are presumed for estimating the rise in Sea Level are stranded on a lot of doubts. Projections by different teams of scientists and real time data from IPCC's predictions do not always match and mostly rather differ. Various models so far considered, grounded on mathematical and statistical methods are anticipated to experience unforeseen variation due to the present unpredictable behaviour of the ice sheets. Studies about the contribution from Antarctica itself towards rise in Sea Level predicts abrupt variations in different projections and accordingly the importance of detailed study on Marine Ice Instability has been highlighted in this paper. The phenomenon related to MISI and MICI has been stressed upon to arrive at more correct projections on Sea Level Rise in coming decades and centuries.
Human performance and limitations in aviation: physiological and behavioural aspects
Authors: Li Volsi Guido , Arcifa Stefano , Aruta Alessandro V. , Distefano Alfio , Gulizzi Alfio , Libra Andrea , Maimone Carmelo , Mirulla Stefano , Mongioì Antonio , Nocita Dario , Papale Filippo , Patti Giovanni , Quattrocchi Ferdinando , Romano Paolo
Published: April 2022

Human flight, since its origins, has been seen as an appropriate scenario for a whole series of issues related to the physics of flight, the architecture and safety of aircraft, as well as the physiology and psychology of pilots and passengers. During the First World War, the British Royal Flying Corps conducted a study aimed at clarifying the causes of many plane crashes. The results were very surprising. For every hundred pilots who died, only two had been shot down by the enemy, eight were victims of structural failure of the aircraft, while ninety deaths were attributable to errors induced by the negative balance between performance and limitations of the pilots themselves. Despite the progress of aircraft engineering and avionics, the man-machine relationship has always been the subject of speculation. The search for an appropriate know-how has not always managed to mitigate the “aeronautical fatalities”. Topics described in this paper highlight the reason for some useful needs for safe and efficient flights. Until new mutations of a molecular nature, the pilot is still a human being whose performance will have to deal with his limitations. The human factor in aviation still remains core of a heated debate.
Students’ Financial Literacy: Digital Financial Literacy Perspective
Authors: Rahim Nurhazrina Mat , Ali Norli , Adnan Mohd Fairuz
Published: April 2022

Objective - This study aims to assess students' financial literacy levels using digital financial literacy (DFL), the most recent element. Methodology – Students who are based in Selangor, Malaysia, were chosen for this study as they recorded a high rate of youth bankruptcy. Convenience sampling was used to distribute the questionnaires among the students between March and August of 2021, where a total of 184 responses were retrieved. Findings and Novelty – The results indicated that students possessed advanced financial knowledge and confidence. Despite the extensive experience in completing online financial transactions, the students lack digital financial knowledge and an understanding of the risks associated with digital financial services. Therefore, including DFL in financial education is essential to ensuring future generations' financial well-being. This study also adds to the limited literature on financial digital literacy and serves as an eye-opener to policymakers on its importance in financial education. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Financial literacy, financial confidence, Digital financial literacy, Digital financial knowledge, Students JEL Classification: I22, M29, O16
Epistemología y género: críticas historiográficas sobre las genealogías políticas de las sanjuaninas
Authors: Videla Hernán
Published: April 2022

This paper presents a social research that sought to deepen the historiographical debates situated in relation to politics, women and the history of San Juan. It was based on feminist theoretical lines and was able to develop a qualitative methodological strategy, which descriptively applied documentary observation as a data collection and processing instrument. It has identified a series of epistemological debates, whose combination and/or ordering, yielded the construction of a genealogy on some of the possible modalities of female political participation of San Juan women.
Influencia y reacción: el doble actuar de la prensa limeña en las guerras de independencia (1813-1815)
Authors: Choque Enrique , Tello Anggie
Published: April 2022

En el contexto de las Cortes de Cádiz (1812), en las colonias hispanoamericanas, prontamente se vislumbraron diferentes posiciones que cuestionaban y defendían la permanencia del dominio español, estos cuestionamientos afectaron ampliamente en la sociedad virreinal, al generar una serie de enfrentamientos políticos y sociales entre las diferentes agrupaciones. A partir de ello, el estudio que realizamos analiza las medidas de la prensa limeña en la sociedad entre los años 1813- 1815, así como las reacciones que tuvo como actor político ante los levantamientos armados propiciados por las masas, para ello acudimos a las fuentes periodísticas y textos actuales que estudian los medios orales alternativos de comunicación, para que de esta manera se genere una investigación que tome en cuenta a ambos medios: escritos y orales. Con todo ello se logró mostrar que la prensa, dentro de los años estudiados, influyó en la opinión pública, hasta el punto de reconfigurarla. Sin embargo, también fue bastante voluble, puesto que no solo la élite emitió opiniones, sino que la población popular y distintos grupos de intereses particulares hicieron lo propio.
Diplomasi Vaksin Dalam Rivalitas Amerika Serikat Dan Cina Di Wilayah ASEAN Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Priscilla Sherin Natasya , Simanjuntak Triesanto Romulo , De Fretes Christian H.J
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini membahas terkait diplomasi vaksin dalam rivalitas Amerika Serikat dan Cina di wilayah ASEAN pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Covid-19 yang melanda dunia telah berdampak bagi seluruh negara terkhususnya negara berkembang seperti ASEAN, yang masih bergantung pada bantuan negara maju seperti Amerika Serikat dan Cina. Beberapa aspek yang dilihat dalam penelitian ini adalah pertama, kepentingan nasional Amerika Serikat dan Cina di wilayah ASEAN. Kedua, faktor yang mendorong terbangunya rivalitas Amerika Serikat dan Cina. Ketiga, tindakan yang diambil oleh Amerika Serikat dan Cina di wilayah ASEAN pada masa pandemi Covid-19 untuk mencapai kepentingannya, dimana dalam penelitian ini adalah penggunaan soft power yaitu diplomasi vaksin oleh kedua negara di wilayah ASEAN. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pengumpulan data melalui studi kepustakaan, melalui penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa kepentingan Amerika Serikat dan Cina di wilayah ASEAN telah mempengaruhi tindakan kedua negara ke wilayah ASEAN maupun dalam menghadapi satu sama lain, hal ini kemudian membutuk terjadinya rivalitas antar kedua negara, serta rivalitas yang terjadi antara Amerika Serikat dan Cina sudah berlangsung berulang-ulang sejak masa Perang Dingin dan pada masa pandemi Covid-19 kedua negara mengambil langkah dengan melakukan atau memanfaatkan diplomasi vaksin untuk mencapai tujuan atau kepentingan negaranya di wilayah ASEAN.
Pola Hubungan Kebijakan Dan Pembangunan Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan
Authors: Maki H. Ahmad , Gunawan Gunawan , Sauri Sofyan , Handayani Sri
Published: April 2022

Kebijakan pendidikan adalah suatu produk yang dijadikan sebagai panduan pengambilan keputusan pendidikan yang legal-netral dan disesuaikan dengan lingkugan hidup pendidikan secara moderat. Fungsi kebijakan pendidikan yaitu kebijakan pendidikan dibuat untuk menjadi pedoman dalam bertindak, mengarahkan kegiatan dalam pendidikan atau organisasi atau sekolah dengan masyarakat dan pemerintah untuk mencapai tujuan yang telah ditetapkan. Implikasinya adalah pemberian kewenangan yang lebih besar kepada kabupaten dan kota untuk mengelola pendidikan dasar dan menengah sesuai dengan potensi dan kebutuhan daerahnya. Juga, melakukan perubahan kelembagaan untuk memenuhi dan meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas dalam perencanaan dan pelaksanaan, serta memberdayakan sumber daya manusia, yang menekankan pada profesionalisme. Pentingnya pendidikan yang berkualitas semakin disadari, sebab terciptanya kualitas manusia dan kualitas masyarakat Indonesia yang maju dan mandiri hanya dapat diwujudkan jika pendidikan masyarakat berhasil ditingkatkan. Namun demikian, mutu pendidikan dan kualitas SDM di negara kita masih jauh tertinggal dibandingkan dengan negara-negara ASEAN, terlebih jika dibandingkan dengan negara-negara maju. Sampai saat ini, lemahnya kualitas SDM masih menjadi permasalahan utama dalam pembangunan dan daya saing bangsa. hal tersebut menyebabkan rendahnya daya saing global bangsa Indonesia. Padahal, akselerasi arus globalisasi dan semakin terbukanya pasar dunia, Indonesia dihadapkan pada persaingan yang semakin luas dan ketat.
Estimation of Arecanut Crop Evapotranspiration Rate using Remote Sensing
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department. N.M.A.M.I.T, Nitte Karkala, Udupi, India., B.E* Dr.Bhojaraja , S R Anaswara Das ,   Civil Engineering Department Government College of Engineering Kannur, India, Shetty Dr. Amba ,   Applied Mechanics and Hydraulics Department N.I.T.K-Surathkal Mangaluru, India .
Published: April 2022

Arecanut is a plantation crop sustains for decades and its crop water demand varies with the age. For scheduling and management of irrigation water, crop water requirement information is important. To calculate the crop water requirement, estimation of evapotranspiration is crucial. The term Evapotranspiration (ET) refers to transport of water molecules into the atmosphere from soil (soil evaporation) and vegetation (transpiration) surfaces. It is a most important component of hydrological cycle and also the most difficult factor to quantify. Crop water need is the amount of water required for balancing loss due to evapotranspiration. There are different methods proposed by researchers for the estimation of evapotranspiration. The conventional methods of evapotranspiration estimation from ground data are tedious. The advancement in remote sensing data provides estimation of evapotranspiration in a global scale. The invention of thermal remote sensing has benefitted greatly since it reduces the field data requirement for estimation of ET. It also helps to understand spatial distribution of landmass and different estimates also in estimation of evapotranspiration over a larger extent timely and periodically. In this study to estimate Arecanut crop evapotranspiration Hargreaves Samani, Penman Monteith and Priestly Taylor methods were used and compared. Arecanut crop evapotranspiration rate estimated form Landsat 8 and MODIS data are showed similar range of values between 3 to 4.45 mm/day. The study area covers an area of 835.3 hectares of Arecanut crop and the gross crop water need is found to be 23059 m3.
Integrating AI Techniques in Requirements Analysis
Authors:   Research Scholar, Jagannath University, Jaipur., Sharma* Shreta , Pandey Santosh ,   Scientist 'D', Government of India, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology New Delhi
Published: April 2022

Requirements Analysis (RA) remains one of the most central processes in requirements engineering. It is a process of evaluating and discovering possible structures to create a contracted set of broad and reliable requirements. The major aim of requirements analysis is to produce a requirements specification document with great quality. The analysis of study exposes that experts have arranged major supports by developing various methods/tools/framework/techniques of requirement analysis process. Though, one of the major problems faced by developers is poor communication and frequently changes in requirements. These issues may lead to incompetent outcome and termination of the system development. The previous investigation exposes that Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods may support in this by restricting alterations in requirements and to propose effective communication between designers and users. The purpose of this work is to categorize the challenges in every stage of the requirements analysis and incorporation of AI techniques to solve these known challenges. Moreover, the research also determines the association between such challenges and their potential AI answer/s through Venn-Diagram. Prior studies expose that more than one AI technique available for some of the challenges, and some of the challenges are still open for further research, no AI techniques has been reported yet. Keeping in observation the significance of the area, foremost analysis methods and their related issues have already been recognized in one of our prior papers. This study is an addition of our prior effort and here, an attempt is made to incorporate and describe AI techniques in various requirements analysis techniques.
Self-Healing Besides Restoration Methods in Smart Grid Distribution Networks
Authors:   assistant professor and head of department in Electrical & Electronics Engineering, University College of Engineering, Kothagudem., Cheena* Korra
Published: April 2022

The Smart grid refers to a next-generation power grid which is a two-way information flow where electricity and information switch over between the service and its customer’s. The power system becomes smart by applying intelligence by way of multidirectional flow of electricity and information to create an extensive distribution network through smart grid technology. It made smarter power system by developing a networking communication, controls, automation, new technologies and tools working together to make the great efficient and more secure environment. For an effective integration and quality of the service to the consumer's smart grid technology is needed due to working with the electrical distribution system and quickly to respond digitally for rapidly changing electric demand. At this point, an electricity disruption such as a blackout can affect a series of failures that can affect several areas such as banking, traffic, and security. To address the power restoration, smart grid makes use of self-healing strategy which will allow automatic switching when equipment failure or outages occur. There have been numerous studies in the last decade or so in to even out the fundamental and mathematical challenges of making a smart self-healing grid a reality. In this paper, we explore the Self-healing approach for Smart grid Communications likewise discusses the service restoration methods in Distribution Networks of Smart Grid Environment.
Teaching Productive Skills in the ESL Classroom Through Programmed Instruction: A Perspective
Authors:   Research Scholar, Noorul Islam Centre for Higher Education, Kumaracoil, Thuckalay (Tamil Nadu), India., C.T. Abdul Majeed
Published: April 2022

Speaking and Writing are usually known as productive skills as they both require some form of language output. In the exercise of establishing a healthy footing for English language teaching to other language speakers. There are several constituents that deal with the provision of a model text; functioning on the conversation skills required to execute the assignment; Language function setting; educating active skills to the students of all age group; theories and methodologies; planning; production and feedback. The aim of the study is to assist the learners to learn by doing and provide situation to the learners. So that they can learn at their own pace. Lessons are prepared in a logical sequence and make ready the student for the related activity and assist them to make real and suitable communication. Even though the teaching strategies for speaking and writing are different, they are employed for the primary motive of conveyance. The method of programmed instruction, presenting new subject matters to learners in a graded sequence of controlled steps, through which they can study the material by themselves at their own speed. When people are communicating with each other, they want to convey something through the process. Though active skills have instantaneous satisfaction, they are very time-consuming. Precision and fluency are important when teaching speaking and writing skills. These skills can be acquired through programmed instruction technique. Productive Language skills are the substantial as they are the perceptible authentication of tongue possession or accession. Since they are the fundamental subsistence skills, in actual being, human beings normally used them for their day today communication. Therefore, programmed instruction method can be used to stimulate the learners to speak and writing properly.
Effects of conservation tillage, phosphorus and variety on selected soil physical properties and cowpea productivity at Minna in Nigeria’s Southern Guinea Savanna
Authors: A.J Odofin , N.A Okpoho , A Bala
Published: April 2022

This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of conservation tillage, inorganic phosphorus fertilizer and variety on soil physical properties and cowpea productivity at Minna in the Southern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria. Three tillage practices (zero, reduced and ridged), three phosphorus rates (0, 30 and 60 kg P2O5 ha-1) and three cowpea varieties (IT93K-452-1, IT99K-573-1-1 and IT90K277-2) were factorially combined and laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Two crops of cowpea were cultivated sequentially. Soil and crop indices used for the evaluation were soil bulk density, soil organic carbon content, mean weight diameter, soil moisture content, haulm yield and grain yield. Conservation tillage significantly affected the four soil indices while phosphorus rates significantly affected soil organic carbon content, mean weight diameter and soil moisture content. There was varietal effect on soil organic carbon content and soil moisture content. Conservation tillage methods influenced
haulm yield significantly but had no significant effect on grain yield. Phosphorus
application and variety, on the other hand, significantly affected both haulm and
grain yields. Notably, in the early harvest, application of 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 raised haulm yield from 2,489 kg ha-1 (untreated control) to 5,482 kg ha-1 , and grain yield from 614 kg ha-1 (untreated control) to 1,440 kg ha-1 , representing 120% and 135% increments for haulm and grain yields respectively. Farmers are advised to combine either zero or reduced tillage with 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 and IT99K573-1-1 for maximum haulm and grain yields.
Biochar and composted poultry manure causes on immobilization and migration of heavy metals in maize plants beside a mining site.
Authors: I. G Okoro , O. I Nwachukwu
Published: April 2022

Mining sites in Amagu-Enyigba Ebonyi state Nigeria have deposits of heavymetals especially lead and zinc. Most crops grown in such sites are always hyperaccumulators of these metals. It is against this backdrop that the present study was conducted. The study aimed to ascertain the effect of biochar and composted poultry manure in immobilizing metals in the soil and subsequent reduction in maize uptake. The study was a pot experiment conducted in a screen house with 10 kg of soil sampled from farms adjacent to mining sites and control samples collected about 5 km away from the mining sites. The applied treatments consisted of different sources of biochar applied at a uniform rate of 10 tons/ha, equivalent to 22.2 g/10kg. Biochar applied showed significant variations in the concentration of heavy metals after the planting period of 6 weeks. It also observed that heavy metals accumulated more in the plant root than the shoot, except in a few cases. Based on my findings, I recommend 10 t/ha of empty oil palm bunch biochar (EOPBB) and composted poultry manure (CPM) in combined application to farmlands in this beside mining sites; meanwhile, further studies on increased rates of empty oil palm bunch biochar be encouraged in such environment.
Soil suitability evaluation for maize in Lere local government area of Kaduna State Nigeria
Authors: M. J. Magaji , A. M. Samndi , A. A Ado , I. B Buji , M. A Abubakar
Published: April 2022

The soils of Lere (Saminaka) in Kaduna state, Northern Guinea Savanna climatic zone was evaluated for suitability of maize (Zea mays) cultivation, employing various methods. Data were obtained through field study and laboratory analyses. Three soil Units were delineated, and one profile was sunk in each of the soil units. The profiles were described according to USDA soil survey manual, and soil samples were collected from each pedogenetic horizon, stored in nylon bag properly levelled. The soil samples were processed and analyzed using standard laboratory procedures. The soil Units were designated as SM1, SM2, and SM3. The textural class of the surface soils are sandy loam to loam. The result shows that soils pH is strongly to moderately acidic (5.5 – 5.8); soil fertility was generally low with evidence of low organic carbon (0.59 – 0.66%), total nitrogen (0.35 – 0.70%) and CEC (4.1 – 5.3 cmolkg-1), while potassium (0.12 – 0.31 cmolkg-1) and phosphorus (12.6 – 25.3 mg kg-1 ). The results also showed that climate, topography (slope), soil depth, and texture and fertility are optimum for maize production, with drainage and base saturation as the major limiting factors, with the
aggregate of not-suitable (Nfw) in all the soil units based simple limitation method. By employing other methods (Storie and Khiddir square root), the same results were obtained, with little improvement in the Square root method (Rabiah) as the classes change from N or N1 to S3. Incorporating soils with organic materials and encouraging subsurface drainage will improve maize production.
Inovasi Papaya Crispy Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Pendapatan Petani Pepaya di Desa Blender
Authors: Widiantari Dian , Saeki Jeki , Nurjamain Maya , Afiani Nadia , Indah Septiani Rekha , Rohamah Siti
Published: April 2022

Desa Blender merupakan salah satu desa yang berada di kecamatanKarangwareng, kabupaten Cirebon yang memiliki potensi hasil pertanian buahPepaya. Melimpahnya buah papaya memunculkan permasalahan sendiri di desaBlender. Buah papaya yang tidak laku dijual dibiarkan begitu saja oleh petanibahkan menjadi sampah sehingga tidak memiliki nilai ekonomi. Tujuanpengabdian masyarakat ini adalah mengedukasi masyarakat dalam meningkatkannilai jual hasil pertanianpapaya di Desa Blender Kecamatan KarangwarengKabupaten Cirebon. Pentingnya pengabdian masyarakat ini karena kurangnyapengetahuan masyarakat khususnya petani pepaya Desa Blender tentangOptimalisasi produk pertanian khususnya buah papaya yang dapat meningkatkannilai jual hasil pertanian. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu melaluipelatihan secara langsung dengan cara penyuluhan dan pelatihan pengolahanproduk dari bahan baku pepaya. Selanjutnya hasil dipasarkan melalui media sosialsebagai media promosi dan pemasarannya. Hasil yang dicapai dari kegiatanpengabdian ini yaitu terciptanya inovasi olahan buah papaya berupa papaya krispy.
Potensi Sate Beber sebagai Daya Tarik Wisata Kuliner di Desa Beber
Authors: Saputera Endang , Listiana Ana , Susanti Eri , Fitriyani Fitriyani , Kurbaniatin Kurbaniatin
Published: April 2022

Berbicara mengenai wisata kuliner di Indonesia, tentu banyak sekali macamnya.Setiap daerah pasti memiliki kuliner yang menjadi ciri khas daerah danmenjadikannya sebagai daya tarik wisata kuliner,contohnya adalah kuliner sate.Di Indonesia sendiri banyak daerah yang terkenal akan kuliner sate, salahsatunya sate Beber. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yangbertujuan untuk mengetahui potensisate Beber sebagai daya tarik wisata kuliner.Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dandokumentasi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sate Beber dapat dikatakanmemiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan serta dijadikan sebagai daya tarik wisatakuliner di Desa Beber. Sate sangat cocok dijadikan sebagai menu andalan untukdisajikan kepada para wisatawan yang berkunjung
Strategi Pemasaran Kue Gapit Terhadap Peningkatan Omzet Penjualan dan Pengarunya Terhadap Ekonomi Warga Sekitar
Authors: Faiz Amin Nur Moh.
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan karena mulai memudarnya makaan tradisonal.Hal ini dikarenakan mulai berjamurnya variasi makanan baik dari dalammaupun luar. Makanan yang masih dipertahankan dalam produksinyapada toko kue Ibu Robiah diantaranya adalah kue Gapit. Toko kue inimasih memroduksi gapit dengan keasliannya. Inilah yang membuatpeneliti memiliki keingintahuan tentang bagaimana strategi pemasarankue gapit tersebut? Apakah dengan strategi tersebut terjadi kenaikanomzet penjualan? Dan apakah keberadaaan toko kue gapit tersebutberpengaruh terhadap peningkata ekonomi masyarakat sekitar?Pertanyaan tersbut peneliti coba cari jawabanya dengan menggunakanpendekatan kualitatif. Pendekatan yang mencari gambaran secara jelasagar menemukan kejelasan fakta atau mendekatai kejelasan fakta. Hasilyang diperoleh toko tersebut mampu memeroduksi kue gapit dalam seharimencapai 50Kg. adapun pemasaran yang dilakukan adalah denganmengirimnya ke toko-toko langgan, dijual di toko sendiri, danmemanfaatkan para TKI yang pergi ke luar negeri dengan membawa kuegapit tersebut dampai ke mancanegara. Dari hasil pemasaran tersebutternyata mendongkrak omzet penjualan selama periode November sampaiDesember 2020. Data yang didapat selama dua bulan tersebut tercatatbulan November telah memeroduksi kue gapit sebanyak 1,6 ton dan padabulan Desember sebanyak 1,74 ton. Jumlah karyawan yang dipekerjakandi toko kue gapit ibu Robiah tersebut saat ini berjumlah lima orang yangberasal dari tetangga sekitar.
Pembuatan Makanan Ringan Sebagai Usaha Skala Rumahan Dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Rokhmah Siti , Julaekha Siti , Romlah Romlah , Ros Ros , Tazkiyah Yuni
Published: April 2022

Kuliah Pengabdian Masyarakat (KPM) bertujuan untuk melaksanakan fungsi tridharma perguruan tinggi bagi setiap Dosen Institut Agama Islam Bunga Bangsa Cirebon.  Salah satunya tridharma tersebut adalah melaksanakan pengabdian masyarakat dengan “Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pembuatan kue pastel, sumpia, bintang, ladu, gapit, kecimpring, kerupuk ikan, biji ketapang, pangsit Asin, Pangsit Manis, keripik ubi , tahu kunti, pepes tahu, Sebagai Usaha Skala Rumahan dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan di Desa CipejeuhKulon Kecamatan Lemah Abang Kabupaten Cirebon”. Permasalahan dalam pengabdian tersebut adalah (1) Usaha ini belum dikelola secara profesional sehingga kue pastel  belum bervariasi dari segi rasa agar lebih menarik(2) Belum ada pembinaan dari intansi terkait, seperti pelatihan kewirausahaan tentang pengolahan kue pastel sebagai usaha rumahan, (3) Masyarakat terkendala permodalan dan akses pemasaran. Metode pendekatan dalam program tersebut meliputi : (1) Peragaan, yaitu melalui presentasi dan demontrasi pembuatan kue pastel (2) Pelatihan-Pelatihan kepada masyarakat tentang kewirausahaan, (3) Semua kegiatan program tersebut didampingi oleh tim pelaksana. Hasil yang dicapai dalam program Kuliah Pengabdian Masyarakat (KPM) adalah (1) Produk  makanan ringan bentuk kemasan dan varian rasa (2) Artikel ilmiah. Untuk lebih memudahkan pemahaman bagi masyarakat sasaran dilakukan praktek langsung dalam setiap tahapan pembuatan makanan ringan . Dari hasil peragaan tersebut masyarakat sasaran dapat menerapkan   pengolaan kue pastel  sebagai usaha skala rumahan sehingga dapat meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat di Desa Cipeujeuh Kulon  Kecamaan Lemah Abang Kabupaten Cirebon .
Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan Sebagai Pendukung Pengembangan Permodalan UMKM yang Tergabung dalam WPMI
Authors: Masripah Masripah , Arieftiara Dianwicaksih , Sari Retna , Dyah Pita Sari Ratna Hindria
Published: April 2022

Wanita Pengusaha Muslimah Indonesia (WPMI) adalah suatu organisasi yang menjadi wadah para pelaku UMKM dan dikelola oleh wanita yang tersebar di seluruh Indonesia. Salah satu kendala yang dialami para anggota WPMI dalam menjalankan usahanya adalah sulitnya perolehan modal dalam upaya mengembangkan usaha mereka. Untuk itu, perlu adanya suatu platform yang dapat menjadi mediator antara UMKM dengan para investor sehingga dapat membantu permodalan usaha UMKM. Agar para investor dapat memahami kinerja pengusaha, maka para pelaku UMKM harus dapat menyajikan laporan keuangan yang sesuai dengan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan (SAK) EMKM. Laporan keuangan ini nantinya dapat menunjukkan bagaimana pengelolaan keuangan UMKM sebagai bahan penilaian dari para calon investor. Selain itu, laporan keuangan yang telah disusun dapat juga digunakan sebagai landasan dalam upaya menjalankan kewajiban perpajakannya. Solusi yang ditawarkan oleh pengabdi adalah pelatihan penyusunan laporan keuangan berdasarkan SAK EMKM dan seminar bersama OperBisnis sebagai salah satu mediator antara pelaku UMKM dengan calon investor dalam mendukung permodalan.
Strategi Promosi Dalam Meningkatkan Minat Beli Konsumen Baby Crab
Authors: Ahmad LMH Faisal , Rachman S Abdul , Islam Nahdliyal , Nurillah Sabrina , Ruminah Ruminah
Published: April 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui strategi promosi yang dilakukan UMKM Altisa Mulya dan mengetahui strategi promosi yang tepat untuk meningkatkan minat beli konsumen. Sedangkan metode yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus dan metode analisis deskriptif. Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa strategi promosi yang dilakukan UMKM Altisa Mulya adalah dengan menggunakan dua cara promosi yakni online dan offline. Promosi online dilakukan melalui media Facebook, Google dan WhatsApp, sedangkan promosi offline dilakukan melalui Even, Personal Selling, dan Direct Marketing. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam menjalankan suatu usaha, ada hal yang lebih penting dibandingkan menciptakan produk yaitu pemasaran produk dan strategi promosi yang sangat mempengaruhi keberhasilan penjualan suatu produk, dan merupakan kunci keberhasilan untuk menarik minat beli konsumen.