bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clashes between Resettlers and Old-Timers in Siberia on the Eve and during the Stolypinsky Reform: Functions of Social Conflict
Authors: Kirillov Alexey
Published: February 2020

The article provides a summary of the author’s research of a number of conflicts between peasant old-timers of Tomsk province and immigrants of the late XIX — early XX centuries. It was in this region where the majority of immigrants, who changed the face of Siberia, resettled. The documents dated back to 1880s included information about violent clashes between locals and peasants who moved from European part of Russia. The scientific novelty of the study is that it utilized social research methods to study those phenomena. Seeing a conflict as a function (and not as a disfunction) of the society, the author found major differences between clashes at the end of the XIX century and at the beginning of the XX century. The clashes at the end of the XIX century involved conflicting interests that could not be neglected without causing damage to the development of the country. It prompted the authorities to create a system for regulating resettlement and mitigate any conflicts. The clashes at the beginning of the XX century were caused by the contradictions of the system itself, and did not lead to any substantial changes.
Social Characteristics of Crime in Irkutsk and Yenisei Provinces in the End of the XIX - Early XX Centuries
Authors: Danchevskaya Anastasya
Published: February 2020

In the article, the author analyzed the social characteristics of those convicted in judicial places of Irkutsk and Yenisei provinces in the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The main historical source of the study was the statistical data published in the reports of the governors of Irkutsk and Yenisei provinces. Among those the study analyzed «Vedomosti on the number and types of crime», «Vedomosti on violent and accidental deaths», as well as statistics reflecting demographic dynamics. The research studied the following characterisitcs of convicts: sex (with the calculation of the crime rate), age, social status, occupation, marital status, education, and ethnicity. The author focused on the distribution of convicts by class, which represents an ambiguous picture due to the peculiarities of collecting of statistical data. Different statistical data was provided by different departments and was collected differently. The findings of the study allowed to create a social profile of a criminal in Irkutsk and Yenisei provinces: a man aged 20 to 40 years, a peasant or a tradesman, exile, single, illiterate, employed in agriculture sector, or, possibly, a marginal.
ANÁLISE ESTRUTURAL DE INSTALAÇÕES SUINÍCOLAS VISANDO MELHORIAS NOS ÍNDICES DE CONFORTO TÉRMICO
Authors: Mota Laila Tupinambá , Silva Leonardo França da , Menegali Irene , Silva Bruno Alexander Nunes
Published: February 2020

ANÁLISE ESTRUTURAL DE INSTALAÇÕES SUINÍCOLAS VISANDO MELHORIAS NOS ÍNDICES DE CONFORTO TÉRMICO
 
LAILA TUPINAMBÁ MOTA1, LEONARDO FRANÇA DA SILVA2, IRENE MENEGALI 3, BRUNO ALEXANDER NUNES SILVA 3
 
1 Instituto de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais ICA –UFMG, Av. Universitária, 1000 - Universitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brasil - MG, 39404-547, laila_tupi@hotmail.com
  2 Departamento de Economia, Sociologia e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista –Unesp, Av. Universitária, 3780, Alto Paraíso, 18610-034, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil, franca.leonardo@yahoo.com.br
3 Instituto de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais ICA –UFMG, Av. Universitária, 1000 - Universitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brasil - MG, 39404-547, imenegali@yahoo.com.br
4 Instituto de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais ICA –UFMG, Av. Universitária, 1000 - Universitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brasil - MG, 39404-547
brunosilva@ufmg.br
 
RESUMO: Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho, diagnosticar a atual situação da granja suinícola da Fazenda Experimental Professor Hamilton de Abreu Navarro-FEHAN do Instituto de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, buscando propor soluções visando melhorar as condições de desenvolvimento e índices produtivos dos leitões. O trabalho consistiu em análise e investigação dos problemas atuais existentes, com sugestão de alterações em relação à estrutura, visando melhorar a concepção arquitetônica e, consequentemente, as condições térmicas e de qualidade do ar. Sendo assim, com base nas informações verificadas, possibilitou-se inferir que a atual situação granja encontra-se inadequada e não atende às exigências para um bom desenvolvimento do animal e, dessa forma, a reforma e ampliação em relação ao dimensionamento, posicionamento e orientação da estrutura proporcionam adequações que permitam melhorar as condições de vida dos leitões.
 
Palavras-chave: suinocultura, ambiência, bem-estar animal.
 
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF SWINE PLANTS SEEKING IMPROVEMENTS IN THERMAL COMFORT INDEXES
 
ABSTRACT: The objective of this work was to diagnose a current situation of swine population in order to provide support to improve the conditions of development and the productive indexes of piglets. The study consisted in analyze and research the problems, with the suggestion of rules in relation to the structure, aiming to improve the architecture and, consequently, the thermal and air quality conditions. Thus, based on the verified information, it was possible to infer that the current farm situation is inadequate and does not meet the requirements for a good animal development, thus the reform and expansion in relation to sizing, positioning and orientation of the structure provide adaptations that will improve the living piglets’ conditions.
 
Keywords: pig husbandry, ambience, animal welfare.
Turkish culture in the metaphors and drawings by learners of Turkish as a foreign language
Authors: GÖÇEN Gökçen , ÖZDEMİREL Akif Yavuz
Published: February 2020

Language teaching is a practice of teaching a culture. What is learnt is not only a language but also the culture of the target language. It is important to examine the way learners perceive Turkish culture in this learning process. That is because the way they perceive the culture will affect their enthusiasm, attitude and motivation for language learning. Therefore, this study intends to reveal Turkish as a foreign language (TFL) learners’ perception of Turkish culture through the metaphors and images in their drawings. This qualitative study employs phenomenology. The participants include 180 learners studying TFL at B1, B2 and C1 levels. To collect data, a form reading the prompt “Turkish culture is like… because…” (in order to reveal metaphorical perception towards Turkish culture), and the question “What image appears in your mind when you think of Turkish culture? Please draw.” (in order to reveal associative perception towards Turkish culture) was used. Content analysis was employed to evaluate the data. The learners’ metaphors were classified under 7 different categories which are Turkish Culture in Terms of Cultural Transmission, Turkish Culture in Terms of Richness, Turkish Culture in Terms of Being Connective, Turkish Culture with a History, Turkish Culture as a Pathfinder, Turkish Culture in Terms of Values and Turkish Culture as a Living Creature. Accordingly, the learners’ drawings were classified under 14 different categories: Religious Elements, Elements Related to Drinks, Natural Elements, Elements Related to Dishes, National Elements, Architectural Elements, Artistic Elements, Traditional Elements, Elements Related to Language Teaching, Elements Related to Animals, Metaphorical Elements, Elements Related to Notable Personages, Historical Elements and Other Elements. The results showed that although TFL learners had a positive attitude towards Turkish culture, they were not able to associate language with culture.
Mapping and Counting High-Intensity Perineuronal Nets in the Somatosensory Cortex v1
Authors: Layo Dana , Y.B. Lau Billy , Krishnan Keerthi
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this protocol is to outline the process by which we count high-intensity perineuronal nets (PNNs) in whole brain analysis. Specifically, high-intensity PNNs within the primary somatosensory cortex of adult mouse brain sections cut in a sagittal orientation. This protocol accompanies the paper “Lateralized expression of cortical perineuronal nets during maternal experience is dependent on MECP2” (https://doi.org/10.1101/787267). First, we align a digital map from the Franklin & Paxinos Mouse Brain Atlasonto individual brain sections. We then explain the process by which the S1 and its subregions areoutlined based on this atlas overlay. Finally, we outline the process of counting high-intensity PNNs within these regions. High-intensity PNNs are thought to be more mature structures due to a larger accumulation of the proteoglycans that make-up the structures1–3. We look at PNNs as a marker for changes in experience-dependent plasticity within the brain, where it can inhibit plasticity or solidify the changes that occurred in response to an experience. The video tutorial accompanying this protocol can be found here: Mapping and Counting High-Intensity Perineuronal Nets in the Somatosensory Cortex Tutorial Different regions of the mouse brain have differing densities of PNNs. Adult somatosensory cortex has the highest density based on what we have observed. This protocol can also be used to count all PNNs, just skip the contrast step (7.2) in PNN analysis. Citations 1.Slaker, M. L., Harkness, J. H. & Sorg, B. A. A standardized and automated method of perineuronal net analysis using Wisteria floribunda agglutinin staining intensity.IBRO reports 1, 54–60 (2016). 2.Carulli, D.et al.Composition of perineuronal nets in the adult rat cerebellum and the cellular origin of their components.The Journal of Comparative Neurology 494, 559–577 (2006). 3.Foscarin, S.et al.Experience-Dependent Plasticity and Modulation of Growth Regulatory Molecules at Central Synapses.PLoS ONE 6, e16666 (2011).
Illuminated Orbital Shaker for Microalgae Culture v1
Authors: Nedbal Jakub
Published: February 2020

Microalgae are grown for the research on photosynthesis, biotechnology, and water-environment ecology. Specialized laboratories typically use calibrated commercial equipment, which agitates the microalgae culture by shaking or bubbling, controls the irradiance, temperature, and CO2 content. Such commercial incubators may be out of reach for some laboratories, like those not specializing in microalgae research, teaching laboratories, or laboratories in low resource settings. Our research uses microalgae cultures during the development and validation of advanced microscopy techniques. We lacked access to and the budget for a commercial incubator. We solved the problem by building a stand-alone orbital shaking incubator with an in-built variable light source and a 24-hour timer. The shaker features a homogeneously illuminated growth area of 20 cm × 15 cm, which is suitable for three T75 tissue culture flasks or four 100 ml Erlenmeyer flasks. The overall material cost was around £300 and assembly time of about two days. We tested the shaker with fresh-water microalgae Desmodesmus quadricauda and Chlorella vulgaris. Both microalgae cultures have been grown continuously for seven months in the incubator. We studied their growth under different light conditions to validate the function of the shaker. The protocol outlines the step-by-step process to the building of this microalgae shaker.
Assembling LED Controller Electronics v1
Authors: Nedbal Jakub
Published: February 2020

The LED controller electronics regulates the LED current, adjusting the irradiance of the sample according the experimental needs. It also powers the fans cooling down the LEDs. This document is part of the Illuminated Orbital Shaker for Microalgae Culture project: Procuring Parts for Algal Shaker Assembling LED Controller Electronics (this document) 3D Printing Case for LED Controller Assembling Cooled LED Illuminator Cutting and Drilling Clear Acrylic Sheet Assembling Algal Shaker
Assembling LED Controller Electronics v2
Authors: Nedbal Jakub
Published: February 2020

The LED controller electronics regulates the LED current, adjusting the irradiance of the sample according the experimental needs. It also powers the fans cooling down the LEDs. This document is part of the Illuminated Orbital Shaker for Microalgae Culture project: Procuring Parts for Algal Shaker Assembling LED Controller Electronics (this document) 3D Printing Case for LED Controller Assembling Cooled LED Illuminator Cutting and Drilling Clear Acrylic Sheet Assembling Algal Shaker
From the history of St. Volodymyr University: Nazarii Antonovych Favorov
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Napadysta V. G.
Published: February 2020

The article reconstructs the life and analyzes the main thematic components of the creative heritage of Nazariy Antonovich Favorov (1820-1897), Doctor of Theology, a professor who for almost four decades (1859-1897) taught moral theology at the St. Vladimir University and was the rector of the university church. Ideological and political prejudices have led to the long neglect of a highly respected, recognized person both by university tutors corporation and a wide circle of the public. N. A. Favorov is the author of many works on moral theology, in particular, "Essays on the Moral Orthodox-Christian Doctrine", which had seven editions, were highly appreciated by colleagues and for a long time were considered an official textbook on moral theology in Russia. The moralist-theologian concentrates his attention on the problems of the origin of morality, correlation of the morality doctrine with religious and philosophical foundations, the characteristic features of the moral activity subject, freedom of will and substantiation of its significance for the moral existence of man, moral choice, moral qualities and their place and role in the human essence. It was established that the main topics of his creative ideas were predominantly determined by the problems, established in moral theology, but N.A. Favorov did not overlook the issues relevant for academic philosophizing in Ukraine and the Western European ethical discourse of the second half of the nineteenth century. The semantic accents in the substantiation of N.A. Favorov's creative searches were based on the main provisions of the Orthodox religious doctrine. The work of N.A. Favorov, though not entirely original, has a thorough and holistic presentation of the main problems of the moral existence of man, widely spread in the educational space of Ukraine in the second half of the nineteenth century, making his creative legacy important and meaningful in the national historical and cultural context.
Postmodernism: aesthetics and the art of virtuality
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Rusin R. M.
Published: February 2020

At the end of the 20 and the beginning of the 21 century as a result of the changes that took place in art, there was a need for a theoretical re- thinking of artistic practices. This task was assumed by artists, art critics, art critics and other agents of the artistic world, trying to clarify the possibility of a new vision of art, give it an objective assessment. Obviously, understanding the specifics of contemporary art is not so much in the assessment itself, but in clarifying the fundamentals of a different understanding of such concepts as "classical art", "contemporary art," "virtual art." If classical art received a thorough understanding of the history of art, art history and aesthetics for centuries, virtual art, as a specific form of contemporary art, needs to be thoroughly investigated. Contemporary art is experiencing significant transformations in the context of post-industrial culture. Increasingly important are computational methods for the production of virtual artefacts. The report notes that contemporary virtual art is a new space dynamically captured by the postmodernist practices of contemporary art. In modern practices of postmodernism in the field of virtual art with the rapid development of computer technology sharply decreases the fate of human presence in the process of creativity. Machine modelling as a product of collective creativity allows you to create a new virtual image, regardless of its existence in the real world. In modern practices in the field of virtual art, the idea of artificial ("synthetic imagination") is used, which is a machine imagination with the use of artificial modelling of man's imagination. Artificial imagination with the help of interactive search allows you to synthesize images from the data- base and create a new virtual image, regardless of its existence in the real world. Thus, the rapid development of computer technology is increasingly reducing the fate of human presence in the field of virtual art. Postmodern experiments stimulate the erosion of the boundaries between traditional forms and genres of art. The perfection and availability of technical means of production, the development of computer technology practically led to the disappearance of original creativity as an act of individual creation.
Impact of creative industries on the visual image of a city
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tormakhova A. M.
Published: February 2020

The aim of the article is to highlight the specificity of visual transformations that occur in the modern urban space under the influence of the development of creative industries. The research methodology involves an interdisciplinary approach and engaging a range of cultural, sociological, and philosophical works. The works of modern foreign researchers Z.Bauman, Ch. Landry, D.Hezmondhalsh are attracted. The sphere of urban planning and the problem of creative industries are being studied. Thanks to creative industries is appears new jobs, the solution of social problems (especially in poor areas), as well as the transformation of urban space. The modern city is a reflection of the transformational processes taking place in the world. There is a change in the form of regulation of the city development policy, from the state to the municipal. There are conditions for activating creative industries that can be defined as an individual creative background, skill or talent that can create added value and jobs through the production and exploitation of intellectual property. The development of creative industries has economic feasibility, but this process is accompanied by a change in the image of the city. Urban space is the text of culture, which often combines non-interconnected components. The visual image of the modern city is repulsive and attractive, it is difficult to bring it to a single concept, but it continues to be the center of human life. Scientific novelty lies in the study of the relationship of the development of creative industries in the urban space and their impact on the visual image of the city. Practical significance is connected with the emphasis on the need to invent an individual development strategy for each city as a “creative city”, where the sphere of cultural production is leading. Promising is the direction of creative industries in a single direction and minimizing the factors influencing the negative perception of the vision of the city.
Philosophical attitudes of the early works of P. Tychyna as an object of modernist-postmodern myth creation
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Vdovychenko H. V.
Published: February 2020

The article classifies and highlights three stages spanning the last hundred years – pre-Soviet, Soviet and post-Soviet, of research and mythologization of the life and creation of P.Tychyna, using the example of studying the philosophical attitudes of his early work in the Ukrainian state, the Ukrainian SSR, Ukraine and abroad. The specifics of the formation of the mentioned stages during 1918 – 2019 were systematically considered on materials, including little-known, studies of more than fifty representatives of domestic and foreing tychynology, as well as a wide range of materials of the poetic, prosaic, scientific-journalistic and epistolary heritage of P. Tychyna and his contemporary colleagues. In the context of this review an attempt was made of critical interdisciplinary analysis – cultural and philosophical and literary, of the ideological foundations and the results of the modernist and postmodern mythologization of the early creativity of P. Tychyna as the leading creator and symbol of Ukrainian Modernist and Socialist-Realistic literature and, in general, cultural development. The article identifies three leading aspects of defining and studying the philosophical foundations of P. Tychyna's early work in the twentieth – early twenty first centuries: 1) the absence of the formulation and systematic development of the topic in P. Tychyna studies, except for the initial attempts at each of its stages, so far; 2) the narrow specialty of individual attempts at such research, first of all, almost entirely literary or linguistic, but not professional philosophical and cultural philosophical; 3) the dominant conditionality of the major achievements of almost all of these studies, mainly the Soviet period, the political environment of the development of national humanities and, as a consequence, the consistent isolationist-Soviet-anti-European mythology of P. Tychyna's creative figure and heritage. In view of this, the development of this topic in the context of an interdisciplinary, critically-demythologizing scientific search, formed in the contemporary P. Tychyna studies, has been identified as promising.
The phenomenon of the city: socio-cultural dimension
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Rykhlytska O. D.
Published: February 2020

The article deals with theoretical and practical analysis of modern approaches to the study of the city and urban culture, which in the study is understood as a special phenomenon that ontologically determines the form and content of cultures in various manifestations of socio-cultural practice: physical, symbolic, mental. That is, a special space of embodiment of the semantic and symbolic needs and interests of human cultural activity. Modern processes of globalization and the rapid development of cities are definitely changing the role of the city, its space, affect cultural traditions, creative subjects of culture, innovative practices and cultural policy in general. The change in the semantic dominant and functions of the city is reflected in the search for a special urban space and culture, which are certain symbols of urban identity and their influence in general on the infrastructure of cities, urban rhythm of life, creation of architectural structures, etc. Particular attention is paid to the factors that influence the development of the city and urban culture, it is the loss of special relationships be- tween people, urban space and the environment, as well as the mechanisms of transfer of cultural heritage, as a symbol of collective aspirations, values. It is argued that the uncontrolled growth, glut, growth of industrial relations, consumer character and the leveling of the value basis of human interaction, the feeling of alienation, the growth of violent activity, as well as artificial modeling of urban space and destruction of the environment, are not only evidence of "absolute indifference" of the cities but also the devastating changes in the cultural and symbolic system of the city. In such a torn apart, polycentric world of the modern city ("techno cities", "exemplary ghost cities" "cyborg-cities"), a person loses rational integrity and psychological stability, and needs more harmonious techno-natural and cultivated space. There has been demonstrated the experience of harmonious construction of urban environment (E. Howard's "garden-city", "zoo policy") and various practices ("ecology of culture", "visual ecology", etc.) of creation, and its influence on interpersonal interaction that requires significant sociocultural transformations. The progressive development of the city and urban culture is creating new conditions for socio-cultural development. Which in a certain way requires dramatic changes in the creation of a harmonious urban space and the reproduction of the diversity of cultural habitat, the creation of the unified natural-semiotic environment.
La adaptación de las lenguas al entorno: una aproximación crítica
Authors: Mendívil-Giró José-Luis
Published: February 2020

La presente aportación propone una aproximación crítica de las propuestas que postulan que la explicación de la diversidad de las lenguas se sigue de la adaptación de las mismas al entorno extralingüístico. Mostraré que, a pesar de que la comparación entre lenguas y especies naturales es sólida y razonable, la correlación entre propiedades lingüísticas y aspectos extralingüísticos es débil, esencialmente por dos razones: (I) porque buena parte de la estructura de las lenguas no es sensible al cambio lingüístico y, por tanto, no puede adaptarse a nada y (II) porque las partes de la estructura de las lenguas que sí son sensibles al cambio lingüístico en general tienen una relación muy indirecta con el entorno cultural y físico en el que se hablan.
Los límites de la subordinación
Authors: Brucart Marraco José María
Published: February 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la génesis del concepto de ‘oración subordinada’ y su encaje en las teorías sintácticas actuales. Se trata de un concepto relativamente tardío en la historia gramatical occidental, pues solo a partir de la Grammaire de Port-Royal (1660) tiene un desarrollo propio. Su estatus actual, por otra parte, es paradójico. Por un lado, es un término usual en las descripciones gramaticales. Pero, por otro, para las teorías contemporáneas ―especialmente las de base formalista― no es un concepto primitivo, sino una mera etiqueta descriptiva. Desde el punto de vista formal, el estudio de la subordinación es el de los nexos que introducen las oraciones subordinadas y las dependencias que estos crean. La segunda parte del trabajo se dedica a estudiar los problemas existentes a la hora de establecer los límites de las oraciones subordinadas y las contradicciones que surgen al considerar las tres clases de subordinadas que la tradición ha consagrado, especialmente en lo referente a las llamadas subordinadas adverbiales.
ESTADO ACTUAL DE LA APLICACIÓN DE LA METODOLOGÍA LEAN CONSTRUCTION EN LA GESTIÓN DE PROYECTOS DE CONSTRUCCIÓN EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Caballero O Stefania , Zambrano O Brigitte , Ponce B Eduardo
Published: February 2020

Colombia se ha transformado en uno de los países más dinámicos en materia económica, siendo el sector de la construcción una base fundamental para el desarrollo de la economía local; es por esta razón que el país debe evolucionar paralelamente a los avances que se presentan en este sector y la metodología Lean Construction se presenta como una herramienta fundamental a la hora de planificar dichos proyectos. En este contexto el siguiente trabajo presenta un marco de referencia del estado actual de la aplicación de esta metodología en Colombia en base a una revisión de literatura que clasifica y expone los diferentes casos encontrados.
Breach of contract: an Indonesian experience in akad credit of sharia banking
Authors: Ningsih Ayup Suran , Disemadi Hari Sutra
Published: February 2020

This research aims to determine and analyze the implementation of the concept of profit-sharing in Islamic banking credit agreements based on regulations in force in Indonesia and also to find out and analyze defaults undertaken by customers in Islamic banking credit agreements. The method used in this research is normative juridical, which is a method that puts forward secondary data in the form of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The secondary data in question such as Law Number 21 of 2008 concerning Sharia Banking, related books, and legal research journals. This research is based on the high community needs for capital to achieve the objectives of a business into a separate phenomenon. The concept of muamalah on the teachings of Islam that Muslims want to adhere to is one of the reasons for the birth of the concept of Islamic banking in Indonesia. The concept of profit sharing is one of the concepts known in Islamic banking. The risk of breach of contract by the customer is a necessity.
Estamos en deuda con los derechos sexuales y reproductivos en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Távara Orozco Luis
Published: February 2020

Recibí la invitación de escribir el editorial para este número de la Revista Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología y no dudé en aceptarla, no solo por el honor que ello representa para mí, sino además por la responsabilidad de reiterar la defensa de los Derechos Sexuales y Reproductivos (DSR) de las mujeres de América Latina y El Caribe que la Federación Latinoamericana de Sociedades de Obstetricia y Ginecología (FLASOG) ha implementado desde el año 2002.
Prevalencia de defectos congénitos en un hospital de tercer nivel en Cali (Colombia) 2004-2008. Asociación con edad materna
Authors: Pachajoa Harry , Caicedo Carlos Alberto , Saldarriaga Wilmar , Méndez Fabián
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: evaluar la prevalencia de defectos congénitos (DC) en un hospital de alta complejidad en Cali (Colombia). Hacer una aproximación a su asociación con la edad materna.Materiales y métodos: se desarrolló un estudio transversal con base en la información recolectada por el sistema de registros de DC del Hospital Universitario del Valle (HUV), Cali (Colombia), entre los años 2004 y 2008. Se incluyó el total de nacimientos del período y se determinó el tipo de DC y las variables sociodemográficas de las madres. La prevalencia fue establecida de acuerdo a la edad materna y se analizó la asociación entre ésta y los DC.Resultados: durante el período del estudio se registraron en el HUV 32 995 nacimientos y una prevalencia general de DC del 2,22%. Se encontró una prevalencia de defectos por disrupción vascular (DDV) de 4,5/1000 en madres <15 años y una prevalencia de alteraciones cromosómicas de 13,1/1000 en madres >45 años.Conclusiones: la edad materna <20 años se relaciona con una mayor ocurrencia de DDV (3 a 4 veces más alta) y la edad materna >35 años se relaciona con alteraciones cromosómicas (13 veces más) comparado con la prevalencia general de estos DC.
Encuesta sobre conocimientos y uso de terapias alternas a la hormonal en mujeres menopáusicas de Medellín (Colombia) 2009
Authors: Martínez-Domínguez Gloria Inés , Martínez-Sánchez Lina María , Hormaza-Ángel María Patricia , Rodríguez-Gázquez María de los Ángeles , Rendón-Pereira Gabriel Jaime , Martínez-Rojas Edna , Benítez-Restrepo Cristian Camilo
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: describir el conocimiento y uso de las terapias alternativas a la hormonal en mujeres menopáusicas.Materiales y métodos: durante 2009, se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en mujeres menopáusicas de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia.Los criterios de inclusión fueron edad ≥40 años, haber finalizado sus ciclos menstruales al menos un ano antes y no tener antecedente de histerectomía.Resultados: un total de 274 mujeres fueron haber finalizado sus ciclos menstruales al menos un encuestadas. Un 10,6% de las mujeres utilizaban año antes y no tener antecedente de histerectomía. hormonas naturales y un 46,0% emplea productos a base de soya. Con respecto a las terapias médicas alternativas y complementarias para la sintomatología de la menopausia, diferentes a las hormonas naturales, el 32,8% de las mujeres manifestó haber oído hablar de alguna de ellas, siendo más conocidas la homeopatía (18,6%), el yoga (16,8%) y la terapia de relajación (12,0%).Conclusión: un alto porcentaje de mujeres menopáusicas conocen y utilizan terapias alternas a la hormonal para el manejo de la sintomatología asociada a la menopausia, especialmente la de consumo de fitoestrógenos y productos a base de soya.
¿Cuáles son los avances de la genómica y la proteómica en el tamizaje y/o predicción de la preeclampsia?
Authors: Valderrama-Aguirre Augusto , Gallo Dahiana , Cifuentes Rodrigo
Published: February 2020

Introducción: la preeclampsia constituye una causa importante de morbimortalidad materna y perinatal en el mundo. Su etiopatogenia es aún un enigma; sin embargo, los avances en genómica y proteómica prometen la identificación temprana de la enfermedad o del riesgo de padecerla.Objetivo: hacer una reflexión sobre los avances más promisorios de la genómica y proteómica, en el tamizaje y/o predicción de la preeclampsia.Conclusiones: dos polimorfismos funcionales, uno en el gen ACE (I/D) y otro en el gen COMT (Val158Met), poseen los resultados más promisorios para cumplir con el objetivo de identificar genéticamente a las mujeres con mayor riesgo de desarrollar preeclampsia durante un embarazo. Por su parte, la proteómica ha identificado a la SERPINA-1 como un biomarcador útil para detectar en la orina de las embarazadas que estén desarrollando la preeclampsia, con al menos 10 semanas de antelación a las manifestaciones clínicas de la misma y la necesidad de finalizar el embarazo. En conjunto, estos avances llevados a la práctica clínica podrían reducir el impacto de esta patología en la salud materna.
Síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria fetal (FIRS): adaptación cardiovascular
Authors: Arreaza-Graterol Mortimer , Rojas-Barrera Juan Diego , Molina-Giraldo Saulo
Published: February 2020

Introducción: el síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria fetal es una condición caracterizada por reacción inflamatoria sistémica acompañada de alteraciones bioquímicas como la elevación de la interleucina 6 (IL-6). Se describió por primera vez hace una década y surgió como la necesidad de entender el comportamiento fetal en muchas situaciones clínicas conocidas. El propósito de esta revisión es brindar al lector las bases que le permitan conocer la entidad y de esta manera mejorar el oportuno diagnóstico.Metodología: se realizó una revisión de la literatura existente de acuerdo a las bases de datos MEDLINE vía PubMed, EBSCO, Ovid y ProQuest desde el año 2000 hasta el 2009. Se incluyeron artículos de revisión e investigaciones originales.Resultados: los fetos con ruptura prematura de membranas presentan alteraciones en el llenado pasivo ventricular (E) y la contracción auricular (A). Esta relación es valorable clínicamente mediante la fórmula E/A, además de la evaluación del índice de rendimiento miocárdico, la cual es aplicable en ambos ventrículos. Los cambios en las características morfológicas de las ondas a la evaluación Doppler en fetos con ruptura prematura de membranas sugieren alta distensibilidad del ventrículo izquierdo, especialmente en fetos con infección intraamniótica. Es posible que fetos incapaces de lograr el cambio de distensibilidad cardíaca no logren mantener el volumen latido y por lo tanto no alcancen una adecuada perfusión cerebral, creándose el microambiente ideal para el desarrollo de alteraciones en el sistema nervioso central.Conclusión: la infección e invasión microbiana de la cavidad amniótica están asociadas a cambios en la función cardiovascular fetal consistentes principalmente en un aumento de la distensibilidad ventricular.
Hemorragia fetomaterna masiva con patrón cardiotocográfico sinusoidal. Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Abehsera-Davó Daniel , Iglesias-Sánchez Carlos , Dans Fernando Magdaleno , González-González Antonio
Published: February 2020

Introducción: la transfusión fetomaterna masiva (TFM) es una entidad con una elevada morbilidad y mortalidad fetal, suele cursar con una disminución en la percepción de los movimientos fetales por parte de la madre, y la presencia de un patrón cardiotocográfico sinusoidal fetal, asociado a la anemia fetal. No obstante, ambas situaciones tienen muy baja especificidad. Se presenta un caso clínico con el objetivo de revisar la exactitud del patrón sinusoidal en el diagnóstico de anemia fetal.Materiales y metodos: se presenta el caso de una gestante de 36 semanas que fue atendida en el Hospital Universitario La Paz (complejo hospitalario de tercer nivel que forma parte del conjunto de hospitales públicos en España), en la que tras presentarse un patrón cardiotocográfico no tranquilizador, se realizó una inducción del parto en el que las pruebas habituales de bienestar fetal resultaron insuficientes para el diagnóstico de sufrimiento fetal. Tras un parto eutócico se comprobó la presencia de una anemia neonatal grave, comprobándose la presencia de un gran volumen de sangre fetal en la sangre materna mediante el test de Kleihauer Betke. Se hace una revisión de los artículos publicados en los últimos 10 años en las base de datos Medline vía PubMed, en español e inglés.Conclusión: la monitorización fetal intraparto podría ser útil en el diagnóstico de la hemorragia fetomaterna masiva, aunque se deben hacer estudios más amplios para determinar la exactitud diagnóstica.
Manejo laparoscópico de la enfermedad pélvica inflamatoria severa: reporte de tres casos y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Calle-Gómez Gustavo Adolfo , Arango-Martínez Adriana María , Castañeda-Roldán Juan David , De los Ríos-Posada José Fernando , Serna Eduardo , Vásquez Ricardo , Jiménez-Zuluaga Luis Alberto , González Antonio
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: hacer una revisión de la literatura sobre la utilidad de la laparoscopia en el tratamiento del absceso tubovárico en términos de mejoría, estancia y fertilidad posterior.Materiales y métodos: se presentan tres casos de pacientes con enfermedad pélvica inflamatoria severa que consultaron a una institución privada de referencia ubicada en Medellín (Colombia), a quienes se les practicó una laparoscopia operatoria, además de la administración de un antibiótico parenteral como manejo. Se realizó una búsqueda en la base de datos Medline vía PubMed con las palabras clave:“tubo-ovarian abscess, treatment, laparoscopy, fertility”. Se realizó además una búsqueda de textos clásicos y guías de manejo.Resultados: se encontraron 49 artículos de los cuales 13 eran relevantes al problema en cuestión. De estas publicaciones, 8 eran artículos de revisión, 4 series de casos, y 1 un estudio de cohortes retrospectivas.Conclusión: el manejo laparoscópico conservador del absceso tubovárico en el período inicial de la enfermedad, adicional a los antibióticos, surge como una alternativa que podría mejorar los resultados a corto y largo plazo. Se requieren estudios de alta calidad que respalden esta observación.
Efficacy and feasibility of 226 Hz and 1000 Hz tympanometry in healthy pediatric patients
Authors: ÖZDAMAR Osman İlkay , ÖZBİLEN ACAR Gül , PEKTAŞ Emel , ERTUĞRUL Özlem , YİĞİT Şayan
Published: February 2020

Objectives: Tympanometric evaluation of middle ear with 226 Hertz (Hz) frequency probe has been widely used in patients with suspected middle ear and Eustachian tube disorders.  However most of the recent studies were demonstrated that tympanometric examination with 1000 Hz frequency probe was superior to 226 Hz frequency probe examination to detect middle ear disorders affecting middle ear admittance especially for infants. The objective(s) of this study was to compare the reliability and feasibility of 226 Hz and 1000 Hz tympanometric results in normal hearing healthy pediatric group of patients.Methods: In this study, we evaluated normal healthy pediatric patients with 226 and 1000 Hz frequency probe tympanometry for the aim of comparing efficacy and detecting the rate of false negative tympanometric findings in these subjects. Forty-nine (98 ears) healthy pediatric patients (25 males and 24 females) were enrolled in the study and all of the patients were younger than 18 years of age. Oto-microscopic examination was performed to all of the patients as a gold standard.Results: The mean age was 9.3 ± 4.46 years old with a range from 3 to 17 years. The mean values of 226 Hz tympanometric measurement of right ears for ear volume, compliance, pressure and gradient were 74 ± 28.10, 59 ± 38.96, -46 ± 92.38 and 36 ±3 3.22, respectively; these values for the left ears were 84 ± 65.94, 51 ± 31.00, -57 ± 102.05 and 30 ± 23.35, respectively. The mean values of 1000 Hz tympanometric measurement of right ears for ear volume, compliance and pressure were 78 ± 23.03, 172 ± 85.04 and -22 ± 110.70, respectively; these values for the left ears were 64 ± 32.05, 147 ± 104.70, and 0 ± 98.20, respectively.Conclusions: We found that there was no superiority of the usage of 1000 Hz tympanometry to 226 Hz tympanometry in normal hearing healthy pediatric patients who were equal or older than 3 years of age.
Yaşlılarda diyet alışkanlıkları ile mitral anüler kalsifikasyon arasında ki ilişki: Çölleşmenin etkisi
Authors: MANSUROGLU Candan
Published: February 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışma önceleri yaşlanma ile alakalı bir olay olarak düşünülen mitral anüler kalsifikasyon oluşumunda diyetin olası rolünü araştırmak için planlandı.Gereç ve Yöntemler:Mitral anüler kalsifikasyonu olan 85 adet ve olmayan 91 adet hasta bu çalışmaya dahil edildi.Tüm hastalara gönüllülük esasına bağlı olarak onaylı ve kapsamlı diyet hikayesiniiçeren, kendi kendilerine cevaplayabildikleri 36 parametrelik anketuygulandı. Olası risk faktörlerinin tek yönlü ve çok yönlü analizleri yapıldı.Bulgular: Mitral anüler kalsifikasyonKırıkkale, Kırsehir, Yozgat, Aksaray, Nevsehir ve Mardin şehirlerinde yaşayan hastalarda belirgin ve bağımsız olarak fazla bulundu( OR= 1, 65, % 95 CI= 1, 25 - 2, 89; p< 0, 001).Bu şehirler İç Anadolu Bölgesinin en fazla kurak, tuzlu ve kalsifik topraklarına sahip şehirleridir ve çölleşme etkisi ile daha tuzlu ve kalsifik olmaktadır. Mitral anüler kalsifikasyon Ordu ve Sinop şehirlerinde yaşayanlarda anlamlı olarak düşüktü( OR= 1, 78, % 95 CI= 1, 02 - 2, 89; p< 0, 01). Bu şehirler Karadeniz Bölgesinin en fazla nem içeren topraklarının bulunduğu şehirlerdir.Mitral anüler kalsifikasyon yaşlıda( OR= 2, 55, % 95 CI= 1, 05 - 3, 93; p=0, 05), kadınlarda(OR= 1, 35,  % 95 CI= 1, 05 - 1, 89; p= 0, 04), diyabeti olanlarda( OR= 1, 85, %95 CI= 1, 15 - 3, 21; p< 0, 001) ve statin kullananlarda( OR=3, 01, % 95 CI= 1, 59 - 5, 72; p= 0, 01) belirgin olarak yüksek bulundu. Mitral anüler kalsifikasyonu olan ve olmayan hastaların beslenmelerinde anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı(p= 0, 23).Sonuç:Çalışma sonuçları, mitral anüler kalsifikasyon ile beslenme arasında bir bağlantıgösteremedi ancakliteratürde ilk kez mitral anüler kalsifikasyon ile Anadolu Bölgesi’ nin kurak toprak yapısıarasında bir ilişki olabileceğini düşündürdü.
Diş hekimliği preklinik eğitimi için sanal gerçeklik ortamında diş modellerinin oluşturulması: Pilot çalışma
Authors: BULUT Ali Can , SÖNMEZ Orkun
Published: February 2020

Amaç: Hızla artan teknolojik gelişmeler diş hekimliği eğitimini ister istemez etkilemektedir. Çalışmamızın amacı, çevreleyici sanal gerçeklik ortamında gözlemlenebilecek 3 boyutlu dijital diş modelleri oluşturmak ve bu modellerin diş hekimliği eğitiminde kullanmaya uygunluğunu incelemektir.Çalışmamızın amacı, çevreleyici sanal gerçeklik ortamında gözlemlenebilecek 3 boyutlu dijital diş modelleri oluşturmak ve bu modellerin diş hekimliği eğitiminde kullanmaya uygunluğunu incelemektir.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Diş hekimliği pre-klinik eğitiminde kullanılmak üzere pembe mumdan yapılan diş anatomisine uygun diş modelleri model tarayıcısı ile taranarak üç boyutlu dijital diş modelleri oluşturuldu. Bu modeller sanal gerçeklik ortamına aktarıldı. Modeller iki uzman tarafından sanal gerçeklik ortamında incelendi ve 7 seçenekli Likert skalası uygulandı. İstatistiksel yöntem Mann Whitney U ve Bağımsız T testi analizleri yapıldı.Bulgular: Likert anketi cevaplarında; hiç bir soru için gözlemciler arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark görülmedi (p>0,05). Bağımsız T testi sonuçlarına göre; sanal gerçeklik ortamındaki modellerin pembe mumdan yapılan modellere benzediği (p<0,05) fakat anatomik yapı karmaşıklaştıkça kron ve kök şekillerinin daha zor anlaşıldığı görüldü.Sonuç: Bu çalışmada sanal gerçeklik ortamındaki dijital modellerin pembe mumdan hazırlanan modelleri yansıttığı görülmüştür.
Semantical Proof of Subformula Property for the Modal Logics K 4.3, KD 4.3, and S4.3
Authors: Yazaki Daishi
Published: February 2020

The main purpose of this paper is to give alternative proofs of syntactical and semantical properties, i.e. the subformula property and the nite model property, of the sequent calculi for the modal logics K4.3, KD4.3, and S4.3. The application of the inference rules is said to be acceptable, if all the formulas in the upper sequents are subformula of the formulas in lower sequent. For some modal logics, Takano analyzed the relationships between the acceptable inference rules and semantical properties by constructing models. By using these relationships, he showed Kripke completeness and subformula property. However, his method is difficult to apply to inference rules for the sequent calculi for K4.3, KD4.3, and S4.3. Lookinglosely at Takano's proof, we nd that his method can be modied to construct nite models based on the sequent calculus for K4.3, if the calculus has (cut) and all the applications of the inference rules are acceptable. Similarly, we can apply our results to the calculi for KD4.3 and S4.3. This leads not only to Kripke completeness and subformula property, but also to finite model property of these logics simultaneously.
The striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius) as a host of fleas (Siphonaptera) and tapeworms (Cestoda) in suburban environment of Lublin (eastern Poland)
Authors: Zając Zbigniew , Kulisz Joanna , Woźniak Aneta
Published: February 2020

The striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius, is one of the most abundant species among small rodents in Poland. It occurs commonly across the whole country inhabiting diverse ecological niches as meadows, farmlands, enclaves of natural habitats in cities. Wide range of ecological tolerance of this species makes it often the host, reservoir and vector of many pathogens: viruses, bacteria, protozoa, helminths and arthropods. The aim of the present study was to carry out a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the fleas community and intestinal tapeworms of A. agrarius in suburban environment of Lublin (eastern Poland).

In studied population three species of Siphonaptera class i.e. Ctenophthalmus agyrtes, Nosopsyllus fasciatus, Hystrichopsylla talpae and one intestine Cestoda species Hymenolepis diminuta were identified. The results of our researches confirmed role of A. agrarius as the reservoir for tapeworms and host for fleas in urban environment. High level of the prevalence of fleas and tapeworms in rodents indicates the significant degree of contamination and can cause an epidemiological threat for human’s health.