bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endolymphatic Sac Tumor
Authors: Carnate Jose M. , Tandoc Amado O.
Published: April 2019

We present the case of a 48 year old lady with a history of episodic hearing loss and tinnitus of several years duration. One month prior to consult, there was note of left occipital pain. No history of dizziness, vertigo or facial nerve palsy was elicited. She was neither a smoker nor an alcoholic beverage drinker. No other co-morbidities were elicited. Physical examination revealed a 4 cm diameter left posterior auricular mass which was tender. There was note of a bluish bulge on the left posterior wall of the external auditory canal. The tympanic membrane was intact. The MRI revealed a 5 cm diameter, irregular, avidly enhancing mass at the left mastoid bone with permeative bone destruction and indentation of the left cerebellar hemisphere and left superior temporal lobe but without evidence of brain invasion. A biopsy was performed followed by a pre-operative tumor embolization then a sub-total petrosectomy with mastoid obliteration. Histologic sections showed an unencapsulated mass with bony invasion composed of cystically dilated glandular structures containing colloid-like material (Fig. 1) while other areas showed simple and coarse papillae (Fig. 2). The cells were cuboidal to columnar and had a bland cytomorphology with little nuclear pleomorphism (Fig. 3). Mitoses and necrosis were absent. The general histology had a striking resemblance to either normal thyroid tissue or papillary thyroid carcinoma. A TTF-1 immunohistochemical stain however showed negative nuclear staining (Fig. 4). We signed out the case as an Endolymphatic Sac Tumor. This tumor has been known in the past by such synonyms as “Aggressive Papillary Middle Ear Tumor”, “Heffner Tumor” and “Low-grade Adenocarcinoma of the Middle Ear”. It is rare, affects both sexes in roughly equal frequencies and often presents with hearing and vestibular dysfunctions, facial nerve palsy and a mass. It presents radiologically as a multilocular lytic lesion in the petrous area of the temporal bone with bone destruction. Because of the histologic resemblance to thyroid tissue, a metastatic thyroid neoplasm is a differential diagnosis. Metastases to this area are rare, cases invariably have a known primary focus and otologic symptoms are uncommon. Immunohistochemical studies and clinical correlation are helpful in ruling out a metastasis. Treatment is primarily surgical. Prognosis is generally good but is dependent on the extent of the lesion at presentation. It is locally destructive, has the capacity to damage adjacent nerves and is recurrent if incompletely excised. Death may result from a large, destructive lesion in a vital area. To date, there are no reports of metastasis which may make the term “adenocarcinoma” not entirely appropriate. We have limited follow-up information on our present case at this time.
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Presenting with a Right Preauricular and Intracranial Mass
Authors: Pascual Renato C. , Castañeda Johann F. , Romualdez Joel A.
Published: April 2019

Objective: To describe a case of a papillary thyroid carcinoma presenting with a pre-auricular and an intracranial mass and review the literature on the metastatic nature and invasiveness of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Method:

Design: Case Report

Setting: Tertiary Private Hospital

Patient: One  

Results:  A 46-year-old female with a 12-year anterior neck mass and a two-year right pre-auricular pleomorphic adenoma on fine needle aspiration biopsy was found to have an intracranial mass on CT-scan. Total thyroidectomy and section biopsy of the preauricular mass yielded a final histopathologic report of follicular variant of papillary carcinoma, thyroid gland; and metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular type, pre-auricular mass. The condition of the patient precluded neurosurgical intervention and RAI therapy, and she underwent 23 sessions of external radiotherapy using 46Gy with significant diminution in size of the intracranial metastasis.

Conclusion: Papillary thyroid malignancy may be an indolent tumor but is capable of distant metastasis. We should be alerted by host and tumor factors which can be predictors of a more radical papillary malignant disease.

Keywords: papillary thyroid carcinoma; papillary thyroid carcinoma metastasis; infratemporal metastasis; brain metastasis of papillary carcinoma.
A Rare Case of Hoarseness: Laryngeal Amyloidosis
Authors: Carnate Jose M.
Published: April 2019

This is the case of a 72 year old male who presented with a three year history of hoarseness. Two years prior to admission, he developed dyspnea, dysphagia and odynophagia. Three months prior to admission, the patient visited a private physician who noted a 3 cm diameter ill-defined laryngeal thickening and advised biopsy, hence the present consult. A biopsy and subsequent hemilaryngectomy were performed.

Histologic sections from the mass show an abundant subepithelial deposition of an acellular, extracellular, eosinophilic and non-fibrillar matrix that surrounds atrophic mucous acini (Figs. 1, 2, 3). Scattered lymphocytes and foreign-body-type giant cells are noted. Congo-red histochemical stains show a characteristic salmon-pink reaction (Fig. 4) which on polarizing microscopy showed a characteristic apple-green birefringence.  No evidence of malignancy is seen. The diagnosis was localized laryngeal amyloidosis.

Laryngeal amyloidosis is rare, accounting for less than 1% of benign laryngeal tumors. Most are localized - not associated with deposits elsewhere in the body, and are primary – not associated with any known systemic or neoplastic diseases such as disseminated tuberculosis or certain lymphomas and multiple myeloma. Adults are usually affected although rarely, children can develop the condition. Almost all patients present with hoarseness, in addition to symptoms related to the size, extent and location of the deposits. The false vocal cord is often affected although multifocality within the larynx occurs in 15% of cases. 1, 3

Careful histologic evaluation should exclude the presence of a coexistent laryngeal condition, particularly the malignant neoplasms stated above, as these would require more extensive management. Other differential diagnoses include vocal cord polyps and papillomas.  2, 3

The prognosis for isolated laryngeal amyloidosis is excellent although occasional repeat surgeries may be necessary for recurrent disease. On the other hand, the prognosis of laryngeal amyloidosis associated with systemic or neoplastic conditions is dictated largely by the course of the coexisting disease processes. 1

Although rare, laryngeal amyloidosis should not be overlooked in the differential diagnosis of hoarseness particularly in adults. An attempt to exclude a co-existing systemic or neoplastic disease should always be made.
Cutaneous Metastases from Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Rare Manifestation
Authors: Sawali Halimuddin , Yunus Mohd Razif Mohamad , Ai Ong Cheng , Athar Primuharsa Putra Sabir Husin
Published: April 2019

Objective: In this article, we report on two unusual cases of advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with distant cutaneous metastases.

 

Methods:

                 Design: Case Report

                 Setting: Tertiary Referral Center

                 Patients: Two

Results:  Two patients with advanced NPC developed multiple nodular skin metastases, one after completing radiotherapy and another during concurrent chemo-radiotherapy. Biopsies of these skin lesions confirmed metastatic NPC and both patients succumbed to the disease.

 

Conclusion: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma with skin metastases carries a very poor

prognosis. Early detection, diagnosis and treatment are still the best management strategy

for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

 

Keywords:  Nasopharynx, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, skin metastases, cutaneous

                          metastases
Lipofibromatosis: An Unusual Head and Neck Mass in the Paediatric Age Group
Authors: Kadian Yogender Singh , Rattan Kamal Nain , Aggarwal Shalini , Modi Shilpi , Kalra Rajnish
Published: April 2019

Objective: To describe a rare case of lipofibromatosis presenting as a head and neck mass in a

6-year-old child.

 

Method:

Design: Case Report

Setting: Tertiary Public General Hospital

Patient: One

 

Result: A six-year-old male child admitted with a large right head and neck region mass underwent

complete excision of a possible soft tissue neoplasm following investigations which included Fine

Needle Aspiration Cytology, Ultrasonography and Computed Tomography. Histopathological

examination yielded lipofibromatosis, a very rare lesion with a distinctive fibrofatty pattern. The

patient was well with no recurrence after three months of follow up.

 

Conclusion: Although lipofibromatosis is a rare lesion in children and has a predilection for distal

extremities, it may also present as a mass in the head and neck area. Complete surgical excision is

feasible and is the only treatment option available for this rare lesion

 

Keywords: lipofibromatosis
Spontaneous Passage of Ingested Coin in Children
Authors: Estolano Patrick Joseph L. , Chua Antonio H.
Published: April 2019

Objective: To determine the factors related to spontaneous passage of ingested coins in children.

Methods:

Study Design: Retrospective Study

Setting:           Tertiary Government Hospital

Subjects:         The records of 136 pediatric patients with a history of coin ingestion seen at the emergency room department of our institution between December  2012 and May 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic data such as age and gender of the patient were recorded, including the type of coin, location of coin in the esophagus, time of ingestion and time of spontaneous passage into the stomach (for those that passed spontaneously).

Results: Spontaneous passage in 27 out of 136 pediatric patients with radiographic evidence of a round radio-opaque foreign body initially located in the esophagus eventually passed into the stomach or intestines, accounting for 20% of the total number of cases. Coin ingestion was more common in patients aged 5 to 6 years (33% of cases), with slight male predominance (58%). One peso coins were the most common type of coin ingested, however only 24% of these spontaneously passed. The rate of spontaneous passage was highest in smaller sized coins (5 and 25 centavo coin) compared to larger sized coins (5 peso). Proximally located coins, albeit more common than middle and distally located coins, were the least likely to spontaneously pass (12%). Average time interval from ingestion to passage of the coin was 12 hours.

Conclusion: Many factors are related to spontaneous passage of foreign bodies in the esophagus. The age of the patient, type of coin ingested, and initial location of the coin in the esophagus should be considered. Older patients, smaller sized coins, and distally located coins have the highest probability of spontaneous passage beyond the esophagus. A 12-hour observation period may be considered in patients with single esophageal coin ingestion.

Keywords: foreign body, esophagus, esophagoscopy
Proboscis Lateralis with Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Vera Cruz Laurence Michael N. , Vicente Gil M.
Published: April 2019

Objective: This report aims to describe unique manifestations of proboscis lateralis and highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to address the problems that arise from this rare congenital anomaly.

Methods:

Study Design:            Case Report

Setting:                       Tertiary Government Hospital

Patient:                      One

Results: A 13 year-old girl diagnosed with proboscis lateralis presented with a trunk-like appendage projecting from the surface of the right supramedial canthal area. She also had clear nasal discharge, nasal congestion, mouth-breathing, and snoring since birth. Paranasal Sinus (PNS) CT scan with 3D reconstruction showed agenesis of the right paranasal sinuses, and expansile aeration of the left paranasal sinuses. Due to her condition, the drainage system of the paranasal sinuses was obstructed, causing chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). This hindered plans for reconstructive surgery despite medical management, hence the patient underwent Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS).

Conclusion: Proboscis lateralis is a rare congenital anomaly that results in aesthetic problems as well as airway concerns, such as rhinosinusitis and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Management entails a multidisciplinary approach to address functional and aesthetic problems of the patient.

Keywords: proboscis lateralis, chronic rhinosinusitis, obstructive sleep apnea, endoscopic sinus surgery, multidisciplinary approach, plastic surgery, reconstructive surgery
Double Ectopic Thyroid Gland in a 10-Year-Old Filipino Boy
Authors: Mendez Tomas Joaquin C. , Locsin Cecilia Gretchen Navarro
Published: April 2019

Objective:                   To present a case of a double ectopic thyroid gland in a 10-year old boy and discuss the pros and cons of the different management options that were available.

Methods

Design:           Case Report

Setting:           Tertiary Hospital in Metro Manila

Subject:          One (1)

Results:           A 10-year-old boy presented with hoarseness and easy fatigability for 6 years. Rigid endoscopy and CT scan showed an infraglottic mass originating from the anterior tracheal wall causing obstruction. Biopsy revealed thyroid tissue with atypia. Thyroid scintigraphy showed uptake in the submental and midline anterior neck. Thyroid hormone levels were consistent with hypothyroidism. Levothyroxine returned hormone levels to normal and resulted in complete regression of the mass with no symptoms of dyspnea, stridor or bleeding.

Conclusion:    The management of ectopic thyroid presents a challenge as there are no guidelines for optimal treatment. Thyroid hormone insufficiency is a frequent occurrence, and emphasis must be given to its monitoring. Surgery in a critical airway lesion such as this may be reserved for cases where the patient experiences dyspnea and stridor or lack of response to thyroid hormone treatment.

Keywords:  Ectopic thyroid, direct laryngoscopy, thyroid hormone, levothyroxine
Tracheal Diameter Estimates Using Age-Related Formula Versus Radiographic Findings: Which Approximates the Actual Tracheostomy Tube in Pediatric Patients?
Authors: De Guzman Isaac Cesar S.
Published: April 2019

Objective: To compare actual tracheostomy tube sizes with estimated endotracheal tube sizes using age-related formula and tracheal diameter from preoperative radiographs among pediatric Filipino patients aged 0-18 years old undergoing tracheostomy.

Methods:

Study Design: Review of records

Setting:           Tertiary Private University Hospital in Dasmarinas, Cavite, Philippines

Patients:         Pediatric patients regardless of gender, aged 0 to 18 years old, with a preoperative radiograph of the trachea, and who subsequently underwent tracheostomy anytime from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2016 were considered for inclusion. Radiographs were measured, endotracheal tube sizes were computed using age-related formula, and recorded tracheotomy tube sizes were retrieved.

Results: Twenty-two patients (12 males, 10 females) aged 10 months to 18-years-old (median age: 11 years) were included in the study. Mean tube sizes were 6.46mm (+/- 1.492 SD) for age-related formula, 5.67mm (+/- 1.1849 SD) for radiograph-based estimation, and 5.0 for actual tracheostomy tube inserted in each patient. The Bland-Altman plot showed the bias estimate at 0.7913 and the lower and upper limits of agreement at -1.3598 and 2.9423 (confidence level 95% or 2 standard deviations away from the mean).

Conclusions: The average value derived from radiograph-based estimation is less than the corresponding average value from age-related formula. There is a significant difference between age-related formula-based estimation and actual tracheostomy tube inserted. Since the range of differences between the two estimation methods is high, these results imply that the bias or the difference between measures from the two methods is not consistent, with the two methods exhibiting very poor agreement.

Keywords: Tracheostomy, Intubation, Intra Tracheal, Penlington Formula, Trachea Radiograph Measurement, age related formula for endotracheal tube estimation
Respiratory Epithelial Adenomatoid Hamartoma
Authors: Carnate Jose M. , Abelardo Agustina D.
Published: April 2019

A 65-year-old man consulted with a history of chronic snorting with a sensation of obstruction in the left side of the nasopharynx particularly when in supine position. A few days prior to consult, the patient had blood-tinged nasal discharge, thus this admission. No other symptoms were reported.

 

Nasal endoscopy showed a sessile exophytic lesion with a vaguely nodular surface, seen as a polypoid nasopharyngeal mass on Computed Tomography scan. (Figure 1)

 

Excision of the mass was performed. Received in the surgical pathology laboratory was a 1.8 x 1.5 x 0.6 cm red to brown, rubbery to firm, vaguely ovoid mass with a nodular external surface. Cut section showed a light gray solid surface. 

 

Microscopic examination shows a broad-based exophytic mass with invaginations of the surface epithelium and proliferated glands within the stroma. (Figure 2) The glands are tubular or variably dilated - many are lined by a respiratory-type epithelium with goblet cells and a thickened basement membrane, while the tubular glands are lined by a monolayered cuboidal epithelium. (Figure 3) Based on these features, we signed the case out as a respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma (REAH).

 

REAH is a benign proliferation of sinonasal tract glands derived from the surface epithelium.1 It occurs primarily in male adults, with a median age in the sixth decade of life. Most cases arise in the posterior nasal septum, while less common sites of involvement include other parts of the nasal cavity, the nasopharynx, and paranasal sinuses.2 Common symptoms include nasal obstruction, stuffiness, and epistaxis.1,3,4

 

REAH presents as a polypoid lesion and may measure up to 6 cm in widest diameter.1 Microscopically, there is a proliferation of small to medium-sized glands dispersed in abundant stroma. Invagination of the glands from the surface epithelium may be seen.3 The glands are round to oval, lined by respiratory-type epithelium with admixed goblet cells. Thickened basement membranes surround some of the glands, and smaller seromucinous glands lined by cuboidal epithelium may also be admixed among the latter. Other alterations may include squamous, chondroid, and osseous metaplasia.1,4

 

Rarely, REAH may occur synchronously with inverting sinonasal papillomas or inflammatory polyps.1 It may be mistaken for these two entities along with sinonasal low-grade adenocarcinomas. Careful attention to the typical morphology including absence of an infiltrative growth pattern and atypia allow distinction from these entities particularly the malignant mimics.3 A related entity is a seromucinous hamartoma with which REAH is believed to form a morphological spectrum.1

 

REAH is benign and complete excision confers cure.1 Malignant transformation has not been reported.1,3,4
THE STRATEGY OF REACHING THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET SHARE FOR PT. HILDAN FATHONI INDONESIA
Authors: Santika Bhisma Maha , Arini Chrissant Dea , K Wenseslaus Salivian , Ortega Simon Peter Q , Kleinman Charles W , Almudhahkah Fatemah H Y Y M , Al Meseb Dhairi M M N R
Published: April 2019

PT. Hildan Fathoni Indonesia is a company that has two product lines, such as product safety, product and crafts. As the company does not yet have the experience in terms of export products. Therefore, a much-needed strategy to sell the company's products with the scale Internatioal. PT. Hildan Fathoni makes the United States as a target market. its marketing strategy using articles and YouTube with the title that is effetive and in accordance with the research that's been done.
Matriz de risco como instrumento no planejamento de auditoria de obras públicas: uma proposta metodológica não-paramétrica
Authors: Lopes Caio Petrônios de Araújo , Lôbo Neto José Benevides
Published: April 2019

As matrizes de risco têm sido amplamente utilizadas como uma ferramenta de avaliação de risco em muitos campos devido à sua simplicidade e natureza intuitiva. Entretanto, a literatura especializada tem focado em suas aplicações nos mais diversos campos de atuação em vez de desenhá-las. Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar uma proposta metodológica robusta de matriz de risco para a seleção de contratos de obras públicas em amostras não-paramétricas. A metodologia é classificada quanto à origem como descritiva e quanto à abordagem do problema em quali-quantitativa, com padrão não-paramétrico com categorização das variáveis. O resultado demonstra a viabilidade da metodologia e a necessidade de melhorar os mecanismos de governança para um que priorize a análise de riscos no centro do planejamento para tomada de decisão dos gestores.
Red inalámbrica de sensores a través de 6loWPAN para una agricultura de precisión
Authors: Maya Olalla Edgar Alberto , Chafla Altamirano Gustavo Xavier
Published: April 2019

En el sector agrícola de la ciudad de Ibarra se ha observado una escasez de agua de riego para la producción, debido a los cambios climáticos que en la actualidad se presentan. Es por tal razón, que el proyecto tiene como objetivo implementar un sistema tecnológico de optimización del uso de agua para mejorar el rendimiento de los cultivos. El sistema es una red inalámbrica de sensores que trabaja con el estándar 6loWPAN, permitiendo monitorear las variables aplicadas a la agricultura de precisión como: humedad relativa, temperatura, humedad de suelo, luz y lluvia. Esta red envía las mediciones recolectadas a una aplicación llamada estación-servidor para ser almacenadas en una base de datos; posteriormente se- rán visualizados en forma gráfica la medición actual o el historial de los cultivos por medio de una página web adaptiva a cualquier terminal como: Pc, Tablet o teléfono inteligente. Además, dependiendo de los parámetros de las mediciones, permite activar o desactivar en forma automática los dispositivos de un riego por goteo como: motobomba y electroválvulas para reponer agua al suelo donde necesitan los cultivos.
Estudio de las características personales, educativas y socio- productivas de los pequeños y medianos emprendedores de las provincias de Carchi, Esmeraldas, Imbabura y Sucumbíos
Authors: Cahuasqui Cevallos Edwin Marcelo
Published: April 2019

El propósito de esta investigación es determinar el perfil personal, educativo y socio-pro- ductivo del pequeño y mediano emprendedor de la zona 1 del Ecuador y el contexto donde se desarrolla. Esta investigación descriptiva sirve como punto de partida para que las insti- tuciones involucradas en el tema, adopten propuestas y estrategias pertinentes y coherentes, que logren un impacto positivo en el desarrollo del emprendimiento en la zona, además, que puedan direccionar sus estrategias en función de los requerimientos reales de estos empresa- rios y de las necesidades especialmente de formación del pequeño y mediano emprendedor. Este estudio tomó en cuenta a emprendedores de diferentes actividades comerciales, de servi- cios e industriales de las principales ciudades de la zona 1 del país, estableciéndose diferencias sustanciales entre una provincia y otra, especialmente en el factor educativo y socio-productivo. Se demostró que los componentes culturales, idiosincráticos, de idioma, de clima y geográ- ficos; han afectado el perfil emprendedor de cada una de las provincias, teniéndose resulta- dos interesantes. Esta investigación comprende un análisis sobre la conceptualización del emprendimiento, desde una óptica epistemológica, un análisis crítico del emprendimiento en norte del Ecua- dor, y la descripción detallada del perfil del emprendedor de esta zona. Para el autor de esta investigación como para el equipo involucrado en la misma, fue muy enriquecedor intercambiar experiencias con los pequeños empresarios de la zona, se pudo conocer sus intereses y motivaciones, sus frustraciones y limitaciones al momento de hacer empresa, información importante que se debe tomar en cuenta para desarrollar una activi- dad emprendedora más segura y eficiente.
Evaluación de amenazas y vulnerabilidades informáticas en sistemas académicos universitarios, aplicando ISO 27000
Authors: Pusdá Chulde Marco , Imbaquingo Esparza Daisy
Published: April 2019

La información es un recurso indispensable para el desarrollo de las organizaciones, en especial en las instituciones educativas de nivel superior como la Universidad Técnica del Norte, la misma es necesaria para ser competitivas, lograr objetivos, obtener ventajas, brindar buenos servicios. Con el avance del internet y dispositivos de conectividad, en la actualidad existen amenazas  y vulnerabilidades que pueden ocasionar graves problemas a la seguridad de la información.   El presente artículo se enfoca la determinación de amenazas y vulnerabilidades del módulo de gestión académica, utilizando controles del estándar ISOiIEC 27000, marco de gestión de la se- guridad de la información, aplicable a cualquier tipo de organización. Siguiendo los controles recomendados por ISO 27002:2013, se utilizó la metodología para análisis y gestión de riesgos MAGERIT, que permite recomendar las medidas apropiadas adaptables para controlar todo tipo de riesgos en seguridad informática. Para seguir las recomendaciones de la metodología se incorporó PILAR, software que considera diferentes campos de la seguridad como: con- fidencialidad, integridad, disponibilidad, autenticidad y trazabilidad de la información. Luego de un análisis de cumplimiento de la norma ISOiIEC 27002:2013 al módulo de gestión académica, se determinó que existen diversas debilidades relacionadas con la se- guridad de la información: apoyo y concienciación de la dirección, el establecimiento de políticas, procedimientos y falta de personal cualificado.
PENGEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN DAN LINGKUNGAN MASYARAKAT DENGAN PENDEKATAN GOEGRAFI SOSIAL DI DESA WARU
Authors: Hamdani Ikhwan , Natasasmita Ginanjar , Abdurrohim Afrizal
Published: April 2019

Geografi dalam rumpun ilmu sosial banyak mengembangkan teori sosial, meliputi kependudukan, kebudayaan dan perilaku menyoroti proses ekonomi, proses sosial, proses politik dan proses psikologi (Fielding, 1984). Adapun Teori Geografi banyak menggunakan teori yang dikembangkan dalam rumpun ilmu sosial seperti ekonomi, sosiologi, sejarah, politik dan antropologi memperkuat posisi geografi sebagai bagian yang tak terpisahkan dalam ilmu sosial. Sebagai dasar alat analisis situasi tempat Kegiatan Kuliah Nyata Kelompok 16 yang ada di Desa Waru Kecamatan Parung, Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis konsep geografi sosial, dimana pendekatan ini terdiri dari 3 aspek: (1) Keruangan, (2) Kelingkungan, dan (3) Kompleks Wilayah. Analisis ini memilki tujuan agar kami dapat melaksanakan program yang dapat membantu mengembangkan pendidikan dan lingkungan di masyarakat Desa Waru. Metode yang digunakan (1) Pendekatan berdasarkan karakter masyarakat, dan (2) Pendekatan organisasi. Dan dalam proses kegiatan kami mengumpulkan informasi dan fakta dengan menggunakan cara (1) Wawancara kepada masyarakat, dan (2) Studi Dokumen. Dengan hasil yang dicapai adalah program kami yang dijalankan sesuai dengan keadaan, kapasitas waktu, dana dan tenaga masyarakat sekitar dan dapat membantu mengurangi permasalahan yang ada berhubungan dengan aspek yang pokok yaitu pendidikan dan lingkungan. Dan dapat menjadi alat analisis yang nantinya dapat digunakan oleh pihak desa dalam pembangunan rencana desa.
PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH ORGANIK MENJADI KOMPOS MELALUI PEMBUATAN TONG SUPER
Authors: Sundarta Imam , Sari Atika Yunda , Wibowo Hendra Prasetyo
Published: April 2019

Produksi sampah domestik sangat besar dan menjadi masalah global yang belum terpecahkan sampai saat ini. Sampah merupakan bagian dari kehidupan manusia. Sampah adalah benda/zat sisa yang sudah tidak terpakai. Seharusnya sampah mendapat perhatian dan penanganan yang serius. Namun karena kurangnya pengertian masyarakat dan pemerintah, juga kurangnya biaya dan pendapatan sebagian besar masyarakat, maka masalah sampah ini menjadi terabaikan. Saat ini sebagian besar masyarakat telah mengetahui dampak buruk sampah, antara lain menyebabkan banjir, penyakit dan bau yang dapat mengganggu kehidupan, tapi hal ini tidak diimbangi oleh perilaku masyarakatnya sendiri. Tong super menjadi salah satu cara untuk mengurangi dampak buruk sampah dengan mengelola limbah organik menjadi kompos, sehingga nantinya dapat di manfaatkan oleh warga untuk bercocok tanam.
Analiza zastupljenosti žena na
upravljačkim pozicijama u hrvatskim poduzećima i njihov utjecaj na uspješnost
poslovanja
Authors: Posarić Nikolina , Kokot Karolina , Klačmer Čalopa Marina
Published: April 2019

O radu nadzornog odbora i uprave u kontinentalnom modelu korporacijskog upravljanja, odnosno upravnom odboru u američkom modelu, ovisi uspješnost poslovanja poduzeća. Stoga je sastav takvih odbora ključan te se na tu temu provode istraživanja s ciljem utvrđivanja optimalnog sastava. Spolna raznolikost spomenutih odbora u zadnje vrijeme dobiva sve veći značaj, ne samo zbog istraživanja kojima se dokazuje da je članstvo žena u takvim odborima pozitivno za uspješnost poslovanja poduzeća, već i zbog zakonskih zahtjeva, kojima se želi postaviti minimalna granica uz broj žena u takvim odborima. U ovom radu analizira se zastupljenost žena na upravljačkim pozicijama u hrvatskim poduzećima te istražuje utjecaj spolne raznolikosti u upravama i nadzornim odborima na uspješnost poslovanja poduzeća. Provedeno je istraživanje na uzorku od 400 najvećih hrvatskih poduzeća. Rezultati pokazuju mali postotak žena u upravama i nadzornim odborima hrvatskih poduzeća te kako se ne može sa sigurnošću tvrditi da spolna raznolikost u upravama i nadzornim odborima doprinosi uspješnosti poduzeća. Ipak, vidi se utjecaj spolne raznolikosti u nadzornim odborima na uspješnost poduzeća, što bi moglo biti predmet daljnjih istraživanja.
ON THE REPLACEMENT OF FOSSIL COAL IN LOCAL SOLID FUEL BOILERS
Authors: Braverman V.Ya.
Published: April 2019

The paper substantiates the need to replace fossil coal in local solid fuel boilers by biocoal produced from various types of agricultural waste. Selection of the best available technology for biocoal production should be based on an integrated assessment including economic, environmental and social aspects. It is noted that direct combustion of agricultural waste does not meet environmental safety standards and also requires significant costs for modernization of existing boiler equipment. It is proposed to produce biocoal from agricultural waste using modern methods of thermochemical treatment — torrefaction and carbonization. End-products of biomass torrefaction — biocoal pellets or briquettes — have high calorific value, low sulfur and heavy metal contents, and low nitrogen oxide emissions. Hydrothermal carbonization is currently the most advanced biomass processing technology. It completely prevents pollution and has a number of significant advantages over other methods of biomass treatment. These advantages make it possible to consider hydrothermal carbonization to be the best available technology for the production of biochar, liquid biofuel and other products from non-food biomass. Bibl. 15, Fig. 2, Tab. 1.
تأثير القدرات الديناميكية في الميزة التنافسية بحث تحليلي في الشركة العامة للسمنت العراقية
Authors: حامد سهير عادل , حنان صفاء كامل
Published: April 2019

يهدف البحث الحالي الى تشخيص طبيعة العلاقة بين القدرات الديناميكية بوصفة متغير مستقلا والميزة التنافسية بوصفها متغيرا مستجيبا، والتعرف على دور كل منهما في تحقيق مستوى الأداء المطلوب للمنظمات والتكيف مع التغيرات البيئية المتسارعة. وتم تطبيق البحث في الشركة العامة للسمنت العراقية احدى تشكيلات وزارة الصناعة والمعادن العراقية، وانطلاقاً من أهمية موضوع البحث، والاهمية التي تنطوي عليها عينة البحث والشركة المبحوثة اعتمد الباحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في انجاز بحثه، وكانت عينة البحث عينة قصدية (75) فرداً من قيادات الشركة وشملت (المديرين العامين، معاوني المديرين العامين، مديري الأقسام مسؤولي الشعب)، باستعمال الاستبانة كأداة رئيسة لجمع البيانات والمعلومات والتي تكونت من (39) فقرة. ولأجل معالجة البيانات واختبار الفرضيات استعملت العديد من الأساليب الإحصائية ومنها (معامل الفا كرونباخ، التحليل العاملي التوكيدي، واختبار التباين الأحادي وغيرها)، واستخرجت النتائج باستعمال البرنامج الحاسوبي (Spss V.23, Amos V.23)، وخرج البحث بمجموعة من الاستنتاجات والتي اثبتت صحة الفرضيات واهمها ان القدرات الديناميكية تؤثر بشكل مباشر في تحقيق الميزة التنافسية وتزداد قيمة هذا التأثير من خلال قدرات الاستشعار والتنسيق وإعادة التشكيل والتعلم والتكامل على الترتيب.
قياس وتحليل تقلبات أسعار النفط واتجاهات الإنفاق الحكومي على قطاعي الأمن والصحة في العراق للمدة ( 2006 _ 2016 )
Authors: عباس صلاح مهدي , عبد الله حسين علي
Published: April 2019

هدف الدراسة : تشخيص واقع العلاقة بين تقلبات أسعار النفط العالمية وانعكاسها على اتجاهات الإنفاق الحكومي على قطاع يالامن والصحة.

توصلت الدراسة : إلى أن النفقات العامة تسهم في زيادة الاستهلاك القومي وذلك من خلال شراء الدولة للسلع الاستهلاكية اللازمة لقيام الدولة بواجباتها,أو دفع أجور الموظفين العاملين بالقطاع العام وبذلك يكون هناك تأثير مباشر لهذه النفقات على مستوى الاستهلاك القومي. أظهرت نتائج الاختبارات القياسية انه لا يوجد تكامل مشترك بين تقلبات أسعار النفط والإنفاق الحكومي على قطاع (الأمن) وذلك من خلال اختبار(ARDL)إذ بلغت القيمة الجدولية لمعلمة الحد الأدنى هي (3.62) عند مستوى معنوية 5% وهي اكبر من قيمةFالمحتسبة والتي بلغت(1.055303)وذلك بسبب الظروف الأمنية التي مر بها العراق بعد عام 2003 والتي استلزمت إنفاق على الأمن بصورة كبيرة حتى مع انخفاض أسعار النفط, كذلك من خلال اختبار ARDL التي اجري للتأكد من وجود تكامل مشترك بين الإنفاق على القطاع الصحي وتقلبات أسعار النفط للمدة(2006_2016) تبين ان قيمةfالمحتسبة (1.501817)عند مستوى معنوية 5% وهي اصغر من القيمة الجدولية للحد الأدنى للمعلمة ذاتها والتي بلغت 4.16,مما يدل على انه لاتوجد علاقة أو تأثير متبادل للمتغير المستقل على المتغير التابع والعكس بالعكس.

اوصت الدراسة : على العراق تنويع اقتصاده وعدم الاكتفاء بالنفط كعامل وحيد في تعظيم الإيرادات العامة, وهذا الأمر لايجب التفكير فيه عند انخفاض أسعار النفط فقط, بل التفكير وإيجاد حلول جدية لهذا الموضوع ,وأنشاء صناديق سيادية للاستفادة من الوفرة في الإيرادات في حال ارتفاع أسعار النفط لمواجهة الانخفاضات التي تحدث في أسعار النفط مستقبلا.
المقدرات الحصينة لدالة المعولية باستعمال تقنيات العينات POT & AM
Authors: فدعم انتصار عريبي , نور ورود باسم
Published: April 2019

ظاهرة التطرف للقيم (القيمة العظمى او نادر) من الظواهر المهمة استخدام لها تقنيتين من تقنيات العينات لمعالجة هذا التطرف وهما تقنية عينة القمم فوق العتبة POT وتقنية العينة القصوى السنوية (AM) ولكل واحدة من هذه العينات اختير لها توزيعين مناسبين او اكثر ملائمة حيث استخدم توزيع (القيم المتطرفة، كمبل) لعينة (AM) وتوزيع (باريتو العام ، الاسي) لعينة POT. وتم تطبيق خوارزمية (Cross-Entropy) بأسلوبين من اساليبها للتقدير الاول باستخدام الترتيب الاحصائي والثاني باستخدام الترتيب الاحصائي و likelihood ratio اما الاسلوب الثالث فهو مقترح من قبل الباحث . وتم حساب معيار المقارنة MSE للمعالم المقدرة ودالة الكثافة الاحتمالية الخاصة لكل توزيع من التوزيعات المذكورة فضلا عن تقدير دالة المعولية بأسلوبين الاول :عندما تكون العينة كاملة والثاني:عندما تكون العينة المقسمة وثم حساب (MSE) لدالة المعولية للعينة الكاملة والعينة المقسمة .
التنقيب المحاسبي عن البيانات باستخدام الشبكات العصبية (حالة دراسية)
Authors: رمو وحيد محمود
Published: April 2019

واجهت منظمات الاعمال في العصر الراهن تحديات عديدة أهمها تقنيات المعلومات وذلك لانتشارها الواسع وسهولة استخدامها، اذ أدى استخدامها الى تضخم حجم البيانات التي تتعامل معها منظمات الاعمال بصورة لم يسبق لها مثيل واصبح حجم البيانات المتاحة من خلال الانترنت مشكلة تسعى اطراف عديدة لإيجاد حلول لها  فما هو الجدوى من وجودها بهذا الحجم وبهذه الصورة العشوائية، وكشفت التوقعات أنه في العام 2017 سيكون هناك أجهزة متصلة بالإنترنت تقدر بثلاثة أضعاف سكان الأرض، وفي العام 2015  تم نقل أكثر من مليون ونصف المليون غيغا بايت من البيانات في كل دقيقة عالمياً. من هنا ظهر ما يسمى بالتنقيب عن البيانات Data Mining كتقنية تهدف إلى استنتاج المعرفة من كميات هائلة من البيانات، تعتمد على الخوارزميات الرياضية والتي تعد أساساً للتنقيب عن البيانات وهي مستمدة من العديد من العلوم مثل علم الإحصاء والرياضيات والمنطق وعلم التعلم، والذكاء الاصطناعي والنظم الخبيرة، وعلم التعرف على الأنماط وغيرها من العلوم والتي تعتبر من العلوم الذكية وغير التقليدية. وتجسدت مشكلة البحث في ان الازدياد المضطرد في حجم البيانات فضلأ عن ظهور مجالات انية عديدة تحتاج الى بيانات مختلفة نتيجة البيئة المعاصرة لمنظمات الاعمال اليوم يجعل نظم المعلومات غير قادرة على تلبية احتياجات هذه المنظمات الانية وهذا ينطبق تماما على نظم المعلومات المحاسبية كونها النظام الرئيس في منظمات الاعمال اليوم، فان هذه النظم قد تم تصميمها لتلبية حاجات محددة جعلها تعجز اليوم عن تلبية الاحتياجات المختلفة وفق البيئة المعاصرة لمنظمات الاعمال اليوم، فضلاً عن عجزها في التعامل مع حجم البيانات المضطرد الذي اوجدته تقنيات المعلومات. واطلق البحث من فرضيتين اساسيتين الاولى ان اعتماد التنقيب المحاسبي عن البيانات يؤدي الى توفير بيانات لم يكن نظام المعلومات المحاسبي قادر على توفيرها فضلاً عن اختصار الوقت والجهد اللازم في الحصول عليها. بينما كانت الثانية في ان اعتماد التنقيب المحاسبي عن البيانات يمكن من اعتماد أساليب الذكاء الصناعي في معالجة تلك البيانات لتوفير معلومات مفيدة لترشيد القرارات. وقد توصل البحث الى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات منها ان التزايد المضطرد بحجم البيانات عموماً ولاسيما البيانات المحاسبية يجعل من التعامل وفق الاطر التقليدية مسالة صعبة جداً كما انه يؤدي الى ضياع الوقت والجهد في استخلاص المعلومات. وان ظهور كثير من المتغيرات الانية نتيجة المتغيرات في بيئة العمل يتطلب وجود ادوات تقنية لديها المرونة الكافية للتعامل معها. وكذلك ان ادوات التنقيب عن البيانات لديها القدرة في استنتاج علاقات بناء على قواعد البيانات الموجودة لديها لم تكن موجودة في السابق. توصل البحث الى مجموعة من التوصيات اهمها ضرورة اعتماد النموذج الذي قدمه البحث وهو شبكة (Multilayer Perceptron) وتوجد هذه الشبكة ضمن برنامج (SPSS) الذي يتيح امكانية استخدام هذه الشبكة بسهولة  في ترشيد قرار اختيار المشاريع المنفذة في مجالس المحافظات
EFEKTIFITAS PEMANFAATAN POTENSI SENYAWA FENOLIK KUBIS UNGU (Brassica Oleraceae var.carpitata. L) SECARA INSTRUMEN UV-VIS
Authors: Pratama Mamat , Aminah Aminah , Mas'ud Rizky Arfanita
Published: April 2019

Cabbage Purple (Brassica oleracea var. Capitata L.) is one of the genus Brasica genus that is widely available in Indonesia. Purple cabbage has many benefits because it has many content, among others, vitamins A, B, C and E, mineral potassium, calcium, phosphorus, sodium and iron, sulforafan and contain anthocyanin. The purpose of this study was to perform and determine the total phenolic content of purple cabbage (Brassica oleracea var, capitata L.). The method used in qualitative analysis is through color reaction by using specific reagent, while for quantitative analysis done by UV-Vis spectrofotometry method. For antioxidant activity test through absorbance analysis of acid error and sample absorbance from observation result on UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results of this study contain phenolic compounds, as for the total phenolic content of methanol extracts that the purple cabbage (Brassica oleraceavar, capitata L.) Amounted to 1.9873 mgGAE/g extract.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK DAUN DARUJU (Acanthus ilicifolius L.) DENGAN METODE PEREDAMAN RADIKAL BEBAS 1,1-DIPHENYIL-2-PICRYLHIDRAZIL (DPPH)
Authors: Handayani Selpida , Najib Ahmad , Wati Nurul Purnama
Published: April 2019

Sea holly leaves (Acanthus ilicifolius L.) belongs to Acanthaceae family, contain flavonoid compounds, alkaloids, an phenols. This research aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of sea holly leaf extract by free radical damping method 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazil (DPPH). The extraction method multilevel maseration using n-hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract, and ethanol extract is 1,55%, 0,65% and 4,97% respectively. On each extract, the antioxidant activity was assayed by DPPH free radical inhibition method by measuring is absorbance at the maximum wavelength of 515nm using UV-VIS spectrophometer with quercetin compound as comparator. The result of antioxidant assay showed that IC50 value, ethanol extract is 34,659 μg/mL (strong antioxidant), ethyl acetate extract is 162,512 μg/mL (weak antioxidant), n-hexane extract is361,730 μg/mL (not active as antioxidant).
UJI IN VITRO DAN IN SILICO SENYAWA 5,7,2’,5’-TETRAHYDROXY FLAVAN-3-OL TERHADAP ENZIM ALPHA GLUCOSIDASE
Authors: Frengki Frengki , Prima Deddi , Wahyuni Fatma Sri , Khambri Daan , Vanda Henny , Zakiah Noni , Abbas Jamilah , Elya Berna
Published: April 2019

Several of Calophyllums genus have been searched and proven as medicinal plants and Calophyllum macrophyllum is one of its genus. We have been isolated a compound from ethyl acetate fraction of the stem-bark. The compound was flavan-3-ol (5,7,2’,5’-tetrahydroxy flavan-3-ol). This research aimed to determine inhibition antidiabetic activity and affinity of its compound on α-glycosidase enzyme. In vitro antidiabetic effect shown by IC50 9.10 µg/ml and docking by Arguslab 4.01 shown by ΔG -10,24 kkal/mol as in silico test. The inhibition activity of flavan-3-ol against the α-glucosidase enzyme that is very strong shows its promising potential as a candidate for antidiabetic drugs.
Pain assessment tools for chronic lower limb wounds: A scoping review
Authors: Frescos Nicoletta
Published: April 2019

Background Pain in chronic lower limb wounds has been identified as one of the most painful wounds and negatively impacts health-related quality of life and wound healing. In order to optimise pain management, it is necessary to accurately assess wound pain, however there is no identified reliable and valid assessment specifically for wound-related pain in the lower extremities.
Objective The objective of this review was to identify how wound-related pain is assessed in people with chronic lower limb wounds.
Design A scoping review of the literature was conducted.
Methods A search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsycINFO was undertaken of eligible studies that reported on assessment tools for pain in chronic lower limb wounds from inception 1946 to current June 2018. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomised controlled trials, observational and qualitative studies were included.
Discussion This study investigated the current assessment tools being utilised for pain in chronic lower limb wounds.
Conclusion There is no validated pain assessment tool for patients with chronic lower limb wounds.
Arboviral diseases and malaria in Australia, 2014–15: Annual report of the National Arbovirus and Malaria Advisory Committee
Authors: Knope Katrina E , Doggett Stephen L , Jansen Cassie C , Kurucz Nina , Feldman Rebecca , Lynch7 Stacey E , Hobby Michaela , Sly Angus J , Jardine Andrew , Bennett Sonya , Currie Bart J ,   The National Arbovirus and Malaria Advisory Committee.
Published: April 2019

This report describes the epidemiology of mosquito-borne diseases of public health importance in Australia during the 2014–15 season (1 July 2014 to 30 June 2015) and includes data from human notifications, sentinel chicken, vector and virus surveillance programs. The National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System received notifications for 12,849 cases of disease transmitted by mosquitoes during the 2014–15 season. The Australasian alphaviruses Barmah Forest virus and Ross River virus accounted for 83% (n=10,723) of notifications. However, over-diagnosis and possible false positive diagnostic test results for these two infections mean that the true burden of infection is likely overestimated, and as a consequence, revised case definitions were implemented from 1 January 2016. There were 151 notifications of imported chikungunya virus infection. There were 74 notifications of dengue virus infection acquired in Australia and 1,592 cases acquired overseas, with an additional 34 cases for which the place of acquisition was unknown. Imported cases of dengue were most frequently acquired in Indonesia (66%). There were 7 notifications of Zika virus infection. No cases of locally-acquired malaria were notified during the 2014–15 season, though there were 259 notifications of overseas-acquired malaria and one notification for which no information on the place of acquisition was supplied. Imported cases of malaria were most frequently acquired in southern and eastern Africa (23%) and Pacific Island countries (20%). In 2014–15, arbovirus and mosquito surveillance programs were conducted in most of the states and territories. Surveillance for exotic mosquitoes at international ports of entry continues to be a vital part of preventing the establishment of vectors of mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue to new areas of Australia. In 2014-15, there was a sharp increase in the number of exotic mosquitoes detected at the Australian border, with 36 separate exotic mosquito detections made, representing a 280% increase from the 2013-14 period where there were 13 exotic mosquito detections. Commun Dis Intell 2016;40(3):e401–436.
EVALUATION OF LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF HUMAN’S CONTINUOUS STAY IN ARGON CONTAINING HYPOXIC GASEOUS ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Ivanov A O , Petrov V A , Bezkishkii E N , Gudkov A B , Eroshenko A Yu , Groshilin S M
Published: April 2019

The aim of the study was an assessment of risk of long-term adverse health effects for research volunteers caused by their preceding continuous (for 60 days) stay in normobaric argon containing hypoxic gaseous environment (ArHGE) with oxygen content of 14 %, argon - 30-35 %, carbon dioxide - 0.03-0.8 %, nitrogen - the rest. Such environment is planned to create at manned hermetically sealed facilities to increase their fire explosion safety. 6 man aged 26-52 who had taken part in the above mentioned tests were examined, and then, 10 months after the end of the tests they were examined again for possible development of long-term adverse health effects, functional state and capability caused by stay in ArHGE. The study has revealed that within 10 months after the tests none of the examined persons has shown any distress of physical and mental health, unacceptable reduction in a quality of life, physiological and psycho-physiological reserves of the organism, physical and mental (including operating) capability. The obtained results confirm feasibility and safety for a human in creation such environment in inhabited hermetically sealed facilities to increase their fire explosion safety.
Math and Science Teacher Candidates’ Use of Technology to Facilitate Teaching and Learning During Student Teaching
Authors: Tassell Janet , Stobaugh Rebecca Ruth , McDonald Michael
Published: April 2019

The goal of this study is to determine how effectively student teachers from a large comprehensive institution have used technology to compliment their teaching in mathematics and science.  The researchers reviewed the required Teacher Work Sample (TWS) capstone projects of student teachers.  The TWS is an authentic assessment instrument designed to guide student teachers in designing, implementing, reviewing, and adjusting instruction.  The TWS document narratives articulated the use of technology, and this use was compared to the 2008 U.S. Department of Education (USDE): Measures of Teacher and Student Technology Use.  Data gathered in the study revealed both strengths and weaknesses regarding the student teachers’ use of technology to enhance their teaching goals.
Priming Your Environment for Growth Through a Collaborative Model of Instructional Coaching
Authors: Farr Wendy , Saltmarsh Sarah
Published: April 2019

Teacher preparation is complex in nature. Students in K-12 education comprise an increasingly culturally and linguistically diverse population. Standards have significantly evolved with state and Common Core State Standards that now place a greater emphasis on academic discourse both in written and oral forms. To better prepare the next generation of teachers to  address these shifts in expectations, we are examining the influence of instructional coaching at the university level. The work encompasses professional development on research-based ELL principles to support the changing populations of students in conjunction with coaching sessions to enhance coursework. The results of this study were statistically significant and have set the stage for our next steps in sustainable change at the university level.