bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance analysis of cement-stabilised laterite for road construction in the tropics
Authors: Odumade Adegboyega O , Ezeah Chukwunonye , Ugwu Onuegbu O
Published: January 2018

Unstabilised laterite has been reported to be an unsuitable base course material under tropical environmental conditions. This research considered the suitability of three cement types for laterite stabilisation to achieve optimal performance as a base course material. Cement samples investigated were Dangote 3X, Supaset and Powermax. A-5(4) and A-5(12) lateritic soil samples classified according to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials classification are commonly found in tropical regions. Performances were considered at different cement–laterite proportions, varying from 2 to 14%. The parameters calculated included maximum dry density (M DD), California bearing ratio (C BR), unconfined compressive strength (U CS), hydraulic conductivity k and optimum moisture content (O MC). The A-5(12) laterite sample was found to contain 45·7% silicon dioxide (SiO2) and 32·56% aluminium oxide (Al2O3), while the A-5(4) laterite sample had 44·24% silicon dioxide and 30·35% aluminium oxide. The results also indicate that M DD, C BR and U CS increased as the cement content increased, while O MC reduced as the cement content increased for all three cement types. The hydraulic conductivity analysis indicates that the hydraulic conductivity reduced as the cement content increased. In general, results from this investigation appear to indicate that Supaset cement is the most suitable for achieving optimal strength and hydraulic performance for laterite samples under tropical environmental conditions.
Green My Place: Evaluation of a Serious Social Online Game Designed to Promote Energy Efficient Behaviour Change
Authors: Cowley Benjamin Ultan , Bateman Chris
Published: January 2018

The pressing problems of climate change and energy insecurity can both, to a degree, be addressed by improving efficiency and conservation of energy use. A key driver of energy conservation is the consumer market, illustrating the important need to educate citizens towards adopting more sustainable practices. This form of education has several requirements: it must be cost-efficient, scalable, optional or non-intrusive, and self-motivating. We argue that one format that meets these requirements is serious social online games. We describe one such game, Green My Place, which was deployed in the context of the energy-efficiency promotion EU project SAVE ENERGY. We describe two studies evaluating the game, which showed limited positive effects. Analysing the results, we argue that although observable effects might be limited, the format bonuses such as low cost and scalability imply the value of serious social online games, given a large enough population.
Exploring the impact of freeform gameplay on players’ experience: an experiment with maze games at varying levels of freedom of movement
Authors: Kirginas Sotiris , Gouscos Dimitris
Published: January 2018

This paper describes an experiment which aims to examine whether different versions of the same game, which differ only in terms of freedom of movement that incurs varying degrees of freeform gameplay, elicit different kinds of player experiences. Seventy one children aged 9 and 11 from a Greek primary school participated in a research experiment with these different game versions. Post-tests were used to measure the children’s opinion of these games and differences in the appeal of the versions were then attributed to the feature of freeform gameplay. The findings from the study demonstrated that the digital game that offers the greatest extent of freeform gameplay led to better gaming experience than the digital games with lower extent of freeform gameplay. The main contribution of the paper, therefore, is that the research conducted provides some evidence that freeform gameplay is an important factor of positive gaming experience, and as such it should be optimized. This can only be done by considering at the same time the cognitive capabilities and pre-existing skills and knowledge of users, in the sense that only a level of freeform gameplay harmonized with user capabilities can lead users to learn, which is the ultimate goal of serious games.
Metrics Feedback Cycle: measuring and improving user engagement in gamified eLearning systems
Authors: Atkins Adam , Wanick Vanissa , Wills Gary
Published: January 2018

This paper presents the identification, design and implementation of a set of metrics of user engagement in a gamified eLearning application. The 'Metrics Feedback Cycle' (MFC) is introduced as a formal process prescribing the iterative evaluation and improvement of application-wide engagement, using data collected from metrics as input to improve related engagement features. This framework was showcased using a gamified eLearning application as a case study. In this paper, we designed a prototype and tested it with thirty-six (N=36) students to validate the effectiveness of the MFC. The analysis and interpretation of metrics data shows that the gamification features had a positive effect on user engagement, and helped identify areas in which this could be improved. We conclude that the MFC has applications in gamified systems that seek to maximise engagement by iteratively evaluating implemented features against a set of evolving metrics.
Developments in molecular breeding techniques in Robusta coffee
Authors:   Embrapa Café/Inovacafé, Brazil, Carvalho Andrade Alan
Published: January 2018

As a perennial crop, faster breeding methods are needed for coffee to be able to cope with the challenges of climate change that lie ahead. This chapter focuses on the state of the art of developed molecular tools, characterized traits, quantitative trait loci and candidate genes already described for Coffea canephora (Robusta coffee), which accounts for a third of the worldwide coffee production. The chapter examines coffee’s molecular markers, genetic diversity and the current state of molecular breeding, as well as looks ahead to future developments in this area.
Metabolomics as a powerful tool for coffee authentication
Authors:   Osaka University, Japan, Putri Sastia P. , Fukusaki Eiichiro ,   Osaka University, Japan
Published: January 2018

Detecting fraudulent adulteration of coffee is essential for both the industry and legislative authorities. Both parties are accountable for establishing quality standards through labelling, composition regulations and routine evaluation protocols to circumvent unfair competition among manufacturers as well as to ensure the safety, quality and authenticity of the product for consumers. This chapter addresses current issues in the area of adulteration of coffee as well as describes recent progress on coffee quality evaluation and authentication using the metabolomics approach. The chapter includes a detailed case study on the application of metabolomics to authenticate Asian palm civet coffee and looks ahead to future research trends in this area.
O Cinema-Ensaio como forma no documentário Capitalismo: uma história de amor
Authors: Toledo Maria Cristiane
Published: January 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar os procedimentos formais utilizados pelo cineasta Michael Moore em seu filme Capitalismo: uma história de amor (Capitalism: A Love Story, EUA, 2009). A partir de um levantamento dos elementos estéticos e políticos que constituem a narrativa desse documentário, notamos que a linguagem ensaística dá forma à proposta central do filme: investigar a crise financeira de 2008 e suas causas e consequências na sociedade contemporânea.
O chão sublime da prosa: crítica e ensaísmo em William Hazlitt
Authors: Monteiro Daniel Lago
Published: January 2018

Após quase três décadas de uma prolífica carreira de ensaísta, William Hazlitt (1778-1830), tido por muitos como o grande mestre do ensaísmo britânico, condensou boa parte de suas reflexões sobre o gênero em “On the Prose-Style of Poets”, texto de abertura de The Plain Speaker (1826), a última importante coletânea de ensaios por ele reunidos. Neste artigo, falaremos sobre um conjunto de imagens ali mobilizadas pelo escritor que vinculam a prosa ensaística à textura do solo e aos acidentes topográficos, sintetizados na metáfora – recorrente do autor – “o chão da prosa” [the ground of prose], e sobre os novos sentidos que o termo sublime adquiriu tanto em seus escritos quanto nos daqueles autores que o antecederam, mais notadamente, de Edmund Burke. Sem descolar do chão, uma boa prosa ensaística é comparável ao terreno irregular e acidentado das paisagens sublimes, e o ensaísta, àquele que percorrer esse terreno, que ascende às alturas ou desce às profundezas. A partir da noção hazlittiana de que os conceitos, quando não entalhados nas imagens, jamais podem definir a tarefa do crítico e ensaísta, o nosso ponto de partida é o argumento de que há uma analogia entre a escrita de ensaios e as dificuldades sublimes que se interpõem entre o escultor e a confecção de sua obra.
Um diário entre o cívico e o estético: as reflexões de Gustavo Cochet, durante os anos da Guerra Civil Espanhola
Authors: Santos Margareth dos
Published: January 2018

Este artigo propõe debruçar-se sobre o diário do artista argentino Gustavo Cochet, escrito em dois momentos: durante aos anos da Guerra Civil Espanhola e em seu retorno à Argentina, em 1940. A discussão pretende analisar a estruturação textual do diário e suas relações entre texto e imagem a partir da ideia de que essa produção de Cochet constitui-se como uma forma híbrida, configurada entre o testemunho autobiográfico, a reflexão estética de contornos ensaísticos e o aforismo.
Pelaksanaan Supervisi Imunisasi Campak di Puskesmas Wilayah Surabaya Utara
Authors: Anggraini Dian Febrina , Wulandari Ratna Dwi
Published: January 2018

Measles is one of endemic diseases in East Java especially in north Surabaya, the home of specific ethnic which resist of immunization. Surabaya District Health Office targeted their Measles immunization is above 90%,but unfortunately this target are never been reached. The purpose of this study was to analyze the management process of immunization program, especially the supervision. The guidance of supervision is regulated in HealthMinister Regulation number 42, on 2013. Supervision is involved performance standard setting, monitoring and corrective action. This is a quantitative study with descriptive and cross sectional design. The sampling wascalculated by using simple random sampling. The interviews through open and close question were conducted to 38 Managers of Immunization program in Public Health Centre. The result showed that the implementation ofsupervision has implemented by guidance the supervision of immunization programme. The study showed that only 2.63% or just one of Public Health Centre has already supervised by District Health Office and 5.26% or twoPublic Health Centres has supervised three times and suit with guidance implementation of general supervision. From this study, it is important for District Health Office to add new person as Supervisor and Public HealthCentres and ensure that its supervision follow the supervision guidance.Keywords: Measles immunization, North Surabaya, supervision
Rencana Implementasi Kebijakan Promosi Kesehatan di Rumah Sakit Universitas Airlangga
Authors: Gumilang Bintang , Wulandari Ratna Dwi
Published: January 2018

Hospital is a health institution that provide comprehensive health service which is including aspects of promote, preventive, curative, and also rehabilitative. To achieve the goal, the government has been releasedRegulation of the Minister of Health Number 4 Year 2012 about Technical Instructions of Health Promotion in Hospital. In means by all hospitals must implement health promotion in their institution. Based on the earliersurvey, the implementation of the regulation of Health Promotion Hospital (PKRS) in the Universitas Airlangga Hospital was considered less than optimal. The purpose of this research was to analyze the planning factor ofHPH policy implementation. The number of respondents are seven which chosen by purposive sampling. This research was conducted by deep interview and observation method. The results showed that the planning ofPKRS unit has not been prepared as it should be as set out in the regulations. There is neither strategic planning nor operational planning. Unit PKRS not yet have a systematic and structured organization. Qualification ofhuman resources in general are already qualified, but need additional quantity. PKRS unit does not have special health worker health promotion.Keywords: health promotion hospital, implementation, planning, policy
HORIZON AND EPIPHANY
Authors: Bloechl Jeffrey
Published: January 2018

Abstract: When philosophy consents to working within the range of human finitude, it sets itself on a course toward some difficulty accepting claims for the existence and experience of the God who is said to be one and absolute. Phenomenology is such a philosophy, and Christianity worships such a God. Of course, this difficulty only repeats one that may occur to us in the form of a question already at the level of everyday life, or what the phenomenologists call ‘the natural attitude.’ How does God become known to me, without God ceasing to be God or me ceasing to be my finite self? In fact, the philosophical difficulty is fortuitous, since it brings a sophisticated conceptual reserve to bear on what might otherwise remain only a puzzle or a wound for ordinary believers. What does it mean to say that God appears to us? And by what rigor might we begin to determine the specific nature of such a claim? Phenomenologists propose that this is a question of horizons.Resumo: Quando a filosofia consente em operar no âmbito da finitude humana, ela se situa em uma via que conduz a certa dificuldade de aceitar afirmações da existência e experiência de um Deus visto como sendo único e absoluto. A fenomenologia é tal filosofia e o cristianismo cultua tal Deus. Sem dúvida, esta dificuldade apenas repete o que pode nos ocorrer em forma de uma questão já no nível da vida quotidiana, ou o que os fenomenólogos chamam de “a atitude natural”. Como Deus se torna conhecido por mim, sem que Deus deixe de ser Deus ou eu deixe de ser a minha personalidade finita? De fato, a dificuldade filosófica é casual, já que ela aborda com um sofisticado instrumental conceptual o que de outro modo permanece para simples fieis apenas um enigma ou uma ferida. Que significa dizer que Deus nos aparece? E com que rigor poderíamos começar a determinar a natureza específica de tal afirmação? Do ponto de vista da fenomenologia esta é uma questão de horizontes.
Cellulose Compound of Cacao Waste and Chemical Composition of Cacao Vinegar with GC-MS Method
Authors: Wijaya. M Mohammad , Wiharto Muhammad , Anwar Muhammad
Published: January 2018

Potential of cacao resources at Indonesian is very dependent on the production of cacao produced by farmers and plantation availability. However, the cacao processing results are still not optimal to increase the cacao production. This is due to the disruption of pests and the number of cacao farmers over land functions for fast growing plants. Processing cacao produced cacao waste and with the use of pyrolysis technology is able to cope with the accumulation of plantation waste. This combustion results in liquid smoke of cacao (cacao vinegar) into distillate, charcoal. This study used pyrolysis temperature between 100-500 °C. The aim of this research is to analyze the cocoa waste and the results are cellulose content 17,27%, lignin 52,02% and hemicellulose 19,56%. The results of GC-MS analysis for cacao vinegar of Distric Wajo are acetic acid, n butane, methyl ester, propanoic acid, butanoic acid, cyclopenanone, 2 methyl pyridine, acetyloxy 2 propanone, butyrolactone, tetrahydro 2 furan methanol, 2,3 dimethyl 2 cyclopentene 1 on and Mequinol. The water content of the charcoal of cacao shell from Wajo district is 3.42%. The analysis results of the bound carbon content of activated charcoal of cacao shell is 54.45%. The EDS analysis for cacao shell from Wajo district resulted in C: 61.12%, O: 36.65%, Si: 0.59%, P: 1.48% and Al: 0.17%. Utilization of cocoa shell waste using pyrolysis technology can reduce carbon emissions to the environment. So that the development of everything can continue and the sustainability of forest remain sustainable.

 
Antibody Based EpCAM Targeted Therapy of Cancer, Review and Update
Authors: Eyvazi Shirin , Farajnia Safar , Dastmalchi Siavoush , Kanipour Farzad , Zarredar Habib , Bandehpour Mojghan
Published: January 2018

Todays, after four decades from the discovery of monoclonal antibodies by Kohler and
Milstein in 1975, a dozen of antibodies are used in cancer targeted therapy with different strategies.
The success of these antibodies depends on the specificity of antigens expressed on the cancer cells.
Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM), a homophilic cell-cell adhesion glycoprotein is a
well- known tumor antigen, which expresses on epithelial tumors and circulating tumor cells as well
as cancer stem cells. The EpCAM signaling pathway is associated with proliferation, differentiation
and adhesion of epithelial cancer cells. Here we review EpCAM structure, expression profile and its
signaling pathway in cancer cells. In addition, we focused on structure, mechanism of action and
success of anti EpCAM antibodies which have been used in different clinical trials. Based on literatures,
Edrecolomab showed limited efficacy in the phase III studies. The wholly human monoclonal
antibody Adecatumumab is dose- and target-dependent in metastatic breast cancer patients expressing
EpCAM. The chimeric antibody, Catumaxomab, has been approved for the treatment of malignant
ascites; however, this Mab showed considerable results in intrapleural administration in cancer
patients. Anti EpCAM toxin conjugated antibodies like, Oportuzumab Monatox (scFv antibody and
Pseudomonas exotoxin A (ETA)), Citatuzumab Bogatox (Fab fragment with bouganin toxin) and
immono-conjugate antibody Tucotuzumab (monoclonal antibody with IL2), have shown acceptable
results in different clinical trials. Almost, all of the antibodies were well-tolerated; however, still
more clinical trials are needed for the approval of antibodies for the treatment of specific tumors.
Novel Homeodomain Transcription Factor Nkx2.2 in the Brain Tumor Development
Authors: Mariyath Mubeena P.M. , Shahi Mehdi H. , Farheen Shirin , Tayyab Mohd , Khanam Nabeela , Ali Asif
Published: January 2018

Background:

Complex central nervous system (CNS) is made up of neuronal cells and
glial cells. Cells of central nervous system are able to regenerate after injury and during repairing.
Sonic hedgehog pathway initiated by Shh-N a glycoprotein plays vital role in CNS patterning
growth, development and now tumorigenesis. Nkx2.2 homeodomain transcription factor is an effecter
molecule, which is positively regulated by Shh during normal growth. Nkx2.2 is essential for V3
domain specification during neural tube patterning at embryonic stage. MBP + oligodendrocytes are
differentiated from progenitor cells which express Olig2. Nx2.2 is co-expressed with Olig2 in oligodendrocytes
and is essential for later stage of oligodendrocyte maturation.

Objective:

This review paper explores the potential role of Nkx2.2 transcription factor in glioblastoma
development.

Conclusion:

Shh pathway plays a vital role in oligodendrocytes differentiation and Nkx2.2 transcription
factor is essential for oligodendrocytes differentiation and maturation. Intriguingly, down
regulation of Nkx2.2 transcription factor with aberrant Shh signaling pathway is reported in glioma
samples. So here it is suggested that Nkx2.2 expression pattern could be used as a potential biomarker
for the early diagnosis of glioma.
Time to Get Serious about Privacy Policies: The Special Case of Genetic Privacy
Authors: Nicol Dianne , Hagger Meredith , Ries Nola , Liddicoat Johnathon
Published: January 2018

Genetic information is widely recognised as being particularly sensitive personal information about an individual and his or her family. This article presents an analysis of the privacy policies of Australian companies that were offering direct-to-consumer genetic testing services in 2012–13. The results of this analysis indicate that many of these companies do not comply with the Privacy Act 1988 (Cth), and will need to significantly reassess their privacy policies now that significant new amendments to the Act have come into force. Whilst the Privacy Commissioner has increased powers under the new amendments, the extent to which these will mitigate the deficiencies of the current regime in relation to privacy practices of direct–to-consumer genetic testing companies remains unclear. Accordingly, it may be argued that a privacy code for the direct-to-consumer genetic testing industry would provide clearer standards. Alternatively it may be time to rethink whether a sui generis approach to protecting genetic information is warranted.
Why These Three? the Significance of the Selection of Remedies in Section 75(V) of the Australian Constitution
Authors: Burton Lisa
Published: January 2018

Section 75(v) of the Australian Constitution gives the High Court original jurisdiction to hear ‘all matters … in which a writ of Mandamus or prohibition or an injunction is sought against an officer of the Commonwealth.’ This is said to guarantee the Court's ability to ensure that officers of the Commonwealth act within the law. Yet the s 75(v) jurisdiction is clearly limited. The Court is not authorised to hear all matters in which it is alleged that an officer of the Commonwealth has acted unlawfully; it is only given jurisdiction to hear matters in which a (somewhat surprising) selection of remedies are sought. This is confusing in itself, and it has caused broader confusion about the purpose and scope of this important constitutional provision. This article examines the historical ambit of the judicial review remedies and evidence from the Constitutional Convention Debates in order to determine why s 75(v) only gives the High Court jurisdiction to hear matters in which mandamus, prohibition and injunction are sought, and the significance of this for judicial review under the Australian Constitution.
PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES AND INCLUSION OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITY: BRAZILIAN TEACHERS’ PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Tanure Alves Maria Luíza , Storch Jalusa Andreia , Harnisch Gabriela , Strapasson Aline Miranda , Furtado Otávio Luis Piva da Cunha , Lieberman Lauren , Almeida José Júlio Gavião de , Duarte Edison
Published: January 2018

O estudo teve como objetivo analisar o conceito de inclusão dos professores de Educação Física e determinar os aspectos positivos e negativos em suas aulas. Foram realizadas entrevistas com 18 professores de Educação Física que trabalham em escolas públicas brasileiras. Os dados coletados foram analisados utilizando-se o método de análise de conteúdo, em busca de temas emergentes. Os resultados mostraram que a inclusão é compreendida pelos professores como participação e aprendizagem para todas as crianças e não apenas para aqueles com deficiência. Os esportes coletivos foram relatados como o principal desafio para a inclusão de alunos com deficiência. Programas de formação inicial e de capacitação continuada para os professores precisam propor práticas pedagógicas eficazes para promover a inclusão, levando a reestruturação da formação de professores de Educação Física.
Fatal cardiopulmonary decompression sickness in an untrained fisherman diver in Yucatán, Mexico: a clinical case report
Authors:   Universidad Marista de Merida, Periférico Norte Tablaje Catastral 13941, Carretera Mérida - Progreso, 97300 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico, Mendez Nina , Huchim-Lara Oswaldo ,   Universidad Marista de Merida, Periférico Norte Tablaje Catastral 13941, Carretera Mérida - Progreso, 97300 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico, Rivera-Canul Normando ,   Universidad Marista de Merida, Periférico Norte Tablaje Catastral 13941, Carretera Mérida - Progreso, 97300 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico, Chin Walter ,   University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California U.S., Tec Juan ,   Hospital General de SubZona con Medicina Familiar del IMSS, Tizimin, Mexico, Cordero-Romero Salvador ,   Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de la Península de Yucatán, Merida, Yucatán, Mexico
Published: January 2018

Introduction: In Yucatán, Mexico, during the sea cucumber season fishermen dive intensely to obtain good catches but are often at risk of decompression sickness (DCS). We present a single case fatality. Objective: We analyzed the clinical course, medical assessment and recompression treatment plan of an untrained fisherman. Case report: A 35-year-old male ascended rapidly using compressed-air diving. Before reaching the coast, he reported dizziness, shortness of breath, and pain in the abdomen and legs. Three hours later, when symptoms worsened, he went to the hospital. He was admitted with increased osteotendinous reflexes and cutis marmorata in the abdomen. The patient was diagnosed with carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning and Type I DCS, receiving the U.S. Navy Treatment Table 5 (USN TT5). Before completing his treatment at depth, he developed myocardial infarction and died. The death certificate indicated Type I DCS, thrombotic pulmonary embolism and cardiac arrest. Discussion: Upon reviewing his medical records, we uncovered no evidence to support the diagnosis of CO poisoning and thrombotic pulmonary embolism. The clinical presentation seems to be compatible with a serious decompression insult, not a Type I hit. Based on the information gathered, it seems likely that the patient died as a result of cardiopulmonary DCS. This case report suggests a need to provide fishermen divers in this region with formal dive training. There also seems to be a need to improve medical education for physicians who work at hyperbaric programs, and to ensure that sufficient and qualified staff is present to supervise patients inside the chambers.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for wound breakdown after oronasal fistula and cleft palate repair: four cases
Authors:   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S., Anzalone C. Lane , Cockerill Cara C. , Cofer Shelagh A.
Published: January 2018

We offer the first report of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy to treat early surgical wound breakdown after oronasal fistula and cleft palate repair in the pediatric population. We present four patients’ experiences after undergoing HBO2 therapy. HBO2 was initiated as soon as an oronasal fistula was identified. Three of the children underwent 10 HBO2 treatments with the fourth undergoing 11 treatments. There were no adverse effects during treatment; none of the patients required decompressive myringotomy. Follow-up shows portions of the repair have been salvaged by initiating HBO2 at the first sign of fistula formation. In our case series, the fistulas all decreased in size over the course of treatment and demonstrated granulation tissue at the wound edges. Given the positive outcomes from our preliminary results, our results suggest concurrent usage of HBO2 therapy for wound breakdown after cleft palate repair is an effective treatment option.
A Intolerância Religiosa – Mecanismos e Antídotos
Authors: Passos João Décio
Published: January 2018

As reflexões apresentadas no artigo focam no dado histórico e antropológico da intolerância e buscam seus antídotos religiosos. Apresentam primeiramente algumas raízes do comportamento intolerante, particularmente aquelas de natureza religiosa. As religiões constituem fontes de intolerância e, por esta razão, poderão oferecer os antídotos para esta anomalia ética e política. A reflexão é concluída com a apresentação de parâmetros teológicos atuais que permitem superar a postura intolerante e a própria tolerância com as posturas de acolhida e valorização das alteridades.
Currículo, interdisciplinaridade e contextualização na disciplina de matemática
 Curriculum, interdisciplinary and contextualization in Mathematics
Authors: SANTOS FERNANDA PEREIRA , NUNES CELIA MARIA FERNANDES , VIANA MARGER DA CONCEIÇÃO VENTURA
Published: January 2018

Aqui se apresenta uma exploração do conceito de currículo e sua relação com metodologias de ensino relacionadas à interdicisplinaridade e a contextualização. O objetivo da pesquisa foi mostrar a possibilidade de realizar, em um curso do Ensino Médio Integrado ao Técnico, aulas pautadas num currículo que considere a importância da contextualização e da interdisciplinaridade no processo formativo do estudante, durante aulas da disciplina Matemática. Para isso foram realizadas entrevistas com docentes que atuavam nesse curso, aplicado um questionário aos estudantes e analisados os materiais didáticos. Observou-se que é possível a aplicação de um currículo interdisciplinar, envolvendo a Matemática e os diversos componentes curriculares, através de uma abordagem contextualizada.
Questões de gênero no currículo de matemática: atividades do livro didático
 Gender Issues in the Mathematics Curriculum: Didactic Book Activities
Authors: Souza Deise Maria Xavier de Barros , Silva Marcio Antonio da
Published: January 2018

Este trabalho apresenta alguns resultados de uma pesquisa de doutorado ainda em andamento que interroga marcas de gênero no currículo de matemática dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. Problematiza o currículo de matemática em uma interlocução com teorizações contemporâneas, interrogando marcas discursivas de gênero heteronormativas articuladas ao conhecimento matemático para a construção de identidades excludentes, em um movimento na análise do discurso. O trabalho analítico no princípio multiplicativo de atividades matemáticas faz aparente a instituição de modos de vida que aprisionam os sujeitos interpelados pelo discurso do currículo de matemática, calando qualquer forma de representação fora de uma norma discursiva de uma sociedade sexual reprodutora.
Análise de materiais curriculares elaborados por professores na perspectiva dos marcadores de tarefas
 Analysis of curriculum materials developed for teachers in view of tasks markers
Authors: Costa Wedeson Oliveira , Oliveira Andréia Maria Pereira de , Silva Lílian Aragão da
Published: January 2018

Neste artigo, apresentamos uma análise de materiais curriculares elaboradas por professores participantes do grupo Observatório da Educação Matemática da Bahia (OEM-BA). O estudo tomou como referência o constructo teórico marcadores de tarefas que tem a finalidade de analisar tarefas matemáticas. A pesquisa foi de natureza qualitativa e os dados foram coletados por meio da análise documental. Como resultado da análise, estabelecemos as seguintes relações entre os critérios de tarefas matemáticas presentes no quadro de análise de tarefas matemáticas e os marcadores de tarefas: Contexto de referência – Referência, Uso da linguagem – background (familiaridade com o conteúdo), Estrutura – Estrutura, Objetivo de ensino – Desafio, Relação pedagógica – Possibilidade de Comunicação. A análise nos permitiu expandir o constructo teórico marcadores de tarefas ao propormos um novo marcador, nomeado de foco de ensino, que diz respeito aos procedimentos que são requeridos de estudantes durante a implementação de tarefas.
Field Evaluation to the attraction efficiency for the different sources of the red palm weevil aggregation pheromone
Authors: Jaddou Marwan Ibrahim , Kaabi Ali J.Al , Abu Agla Abdullah M. , Al Kaabi Ahmed S. , Al Kayoumi Khuloud N.
Published: January 2018

Field experiments were conducted during the periods from June, 2014 to March, 2015, in three date palm orchards located in Al Ain city, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, in order to evaluate the attraction efficacy for five different sources from the red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorous ferrugineus Oliver (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), aggregation pheromone by using the standard four window black bucket trap.  The three orchards are characterized by having different levels of infestation incidence by red palm weevil. The Randomize Complete Block Design (RCBD) with five treatment and three replicates was used in each of the three orchards. The aggregation pheromone sources used in this experiment were: Rhyfer 700, Pherocon RDPW Lure, Ferrugitom 700, Weevil lure, and Ferrulure +. Collectively in the three farms as well as per each farm, Weevillure aggregation pheromone trap capture significantly lower average numbers of RPW adults than Rhyfer, Pherocon, Ferrulure, and Ferrugitom pheromone sources. Rhyfer pheromone is about 1.12, 1.18, 1.56 & 1.16 % more efficient than Pherocon, Ferrugitom, Weevillure & Ferrulure, respectively.
Umframávöxtun á íslenskum hlutabréfamarkaði
Authors: Jónsson Ásgeir , Gunnlaugsson Stefán B.
Published: January 2018

Hér er gerð grein fyrir rannsókn á sambandi nokkurra kennitalna fyrirtækja og ávöxtunar íslenskra hlutabréfa. Þær kennitölur sem um ræðir eru V/H‐hlutfall, qhlutfall, arðhlutfall, söguleg ávöxtun og fyrirtækjastærð. Rannsóknin nær yfir tímabilið frá janúar 1993 til júní 2003 og er byggð á því að búa til ný verðbréfasöfn í hverjum mánuði eftir þeim kennitölum sem rannsakaðar voru. Ávöxtun verðbréfasafnanna var síðan reiknuð og kannað hvort marktækur munur væri á milli þeirra að teknu tilliti til kerfisbundinnar áhættu. Helstu niðurstöður eru þær að hlutabréf með lágt V/H‐hlutfall skiluðu mun hærri ávöxtun en önnur hlutabréf og var sá munur marktækur. Hlutabréf lítilla fyrirtækja og hlutabréf með lágt q‐hlutfall skiluðu einnig hærri ávöxtun en önnur hlutabréf en sá munur var ekki marktækur. Aftur á móti mældist ekkert samband á milli arðhlutfalls, sögulegrar frammistöðu og ávöxtunar.
Stefnumiðað árangursmat sem liður í að framkvæma stefnu
Authors: Ólafsson Snjólfur
Published: January 2018

Grein þessi er tilraun til að greina og lýsa því hvaða þátt stefnumiðað árangursmat (Balanced Scorecard) getur leikið í vinnu fyrirtækja og stofnana við að framkvæma stefnu sína. Í upphafi er fjallað um merkingu orðsins stefna (strategy) því að skýr merking þess er forsenda fyrir markvissri umfjöllun um framkvæmd stefnu. Einnig má ætla að skýr stefna sé forsenda fyrir markvissri framkvæmd hennar. Stefna er orð sem hefur verið notað um mörg hugtök en í þessari grein er það notað í merkingunni „lýsing á þeim árangri sem stefnt er að og hvernig honum skuli náð“.
Stefnumiðað árangursmat er aðferðafræði sem má útfæra og nota á margan hátt. Kaplan og Norton kynntu aðferðafræðina fyrst árið 1992 en þeir hafa þróað hana mikið síðan þá. Í þessari grein er fjallað um kjarna aðferðafræðinnar og tvö verkfæri hennar, stefnukort og skorkort. Síðan er gerð tilraun til að draga fram það hlutverk sem stefnumiðað árangursmat getur leikið í framkvæmd stefnu. Við þá greiningu er farið yfir helstu atriði sem þarf til að framkvæma stefnu.
Áhrif samkeppni á væntingar, skynjun og tryggð við þjónustutilboð
Authors: Guðlaugsson Þórhallur Örn
Published: January 2018

Viðfangsefni þessarar greinar er að skoða áhrif samkeppni á væntingar, skynjun og tryggð við þjónustutilboð. Stuðst er við gögn úr könnunum meðal nemenda á öðru ári við Háskóla Íslands en þar eru það fyrst og fremst þrjár deildir sem búa við mikla samkeppni, lagadeild, viðskipta‐ og hagfræðideild og verkfræðideild.
Meginniðurstaða rannsóknarinnar er sú að nemendur í samkeppnisdeildunum þremur virðast í grundvallaratriðum hafa svipaðar væntingar til þjónustu og nemendur annarra deilda. Umburðarlyndi þeirra virðist hins vegar vera minna, sem bendir til þess að aukin samkeppni hafi þau áhrif að kröfur aukast. Niðurstöður benda enn fremur til þess að nemendur samkeppnisdeildanna sýni sinni deildi minni tryggð en nemendur annarra deilda og bendir allt til þess að skólinn sé að færast af seljandamarkaði yfir á kaupendamarkað hvað þær deildir varðar.
Aðfararorð
Authors: Jónsson Ásgeir
Published: January 2018

Jónas Haralz var mitt í hringiðu efnahagsmála á síðari hluti tuttugustu aldar með störfum sínum sem efnahagsráðgjafi ríkisstjórna, forstjóri Efnahagsstofnunar, bankastjóri Landsbankans og í fjölmörgum öðrum ábyrgðarstöðum fyrir þjóðina. Jónas þekkir þennan tíma frá fyrstu hendi. Hann var nálægur þegar allar helstu ákvarðanir voru teknar – og oft hafður með í ráðum en stundum aðeins áhorfandi.
Hefðir og umbreyting: Landsbanki Íslands 1969–1988
Authors: Haralz Jónas H.
Published: January 2018

Þegar ég lít aftur til þess tíma sem ég starfaði í Landsbankanum og reyni að leiða mér fyrir sjónir hvað um var að vera á þessum átján árum virðist mér að einna helst megi lýsa því með þeim orðum að skömmtunarskrifstofa hafi verið á leiðinni að verða banki – ekki með snöggum og samfelldum hætti og ekki samkvæmt ákveðinni ráðagerð, heldur hægt og hnökrótt án greinilegs markmiðs fyrir stafni. Við sem svo átti að heita að stjórnuðum bankanum vorum að feta krókaleið í togstreitu á milli þrýstings ytri atburða og tregðu innra skipulags og hefðar.
Macroeconomic Turbulence: Corporate Performance, Transparency and Economic Growth
Authors: Oxelheim Lars
Published: January 2018

Transparency and economic growth have become buzzwords in the economic and political debate in recent years. On the one hand, a lack of transparency is used as an ex post explanation for corporate scandals such as Enron, WorldCom and Parmalat and bank scandals such as Société Général with assumed effects on economic growth. On the other hand, transparency is advocated as an ex ante driver of improved economic growth, as in the Lisbon Agenda with its use of benchmarking (and the Open Co-ordination Method). Few research reports have tried to link transparency to economic growth. Transparency is a multidimensional and situation-related word, with information asymmetry as a kind of lowest common denominator. This chapter addresses optimal transparency concerning macroeconomic influences on the individual firm. It discusses to what extent the implementation as of January 2005 of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) for listed consolidated European firms will contribute to a reduced information asymmetry, lower agency costs, lower cost of capital, increased investment and to higher economic growth at the macro level.
Tveir vinnumarkaðir og hrun: Áhrif á upplifun og hegðun starfsmanna
Authors: Einarsdóttir Arney , Bjarnadóttir Ásta
Published: January 2018

Markmið þessarar rannsóknar er að kanna hvort efnahagshrunið og efnahagslægðin sem hófst á Íslandi haustið 2008 hafi haft áhrif á starfstengd viðhorf og hegðun starfsfólks á íslenskum vinnumarkaði, og hvort áhrifin séu þau sömu hjá starfsmönnum einkafyrirtækja og starfsmönnum opinberra stofnana. Byggt er á gögnum sem safnað var frá 3.083 starfsmönnum 59 fyrirtækja og stofnana 2007/2008 og 772 starfsmönnum 18 fyrirtækja og stofnana 2009. Niðurstöður benda til þess að heildarupplifun starfsfólks á vinnumarkaði hafi breyst á mismunandi hátt eftir geirum atvinnulífsins. Viðhorf og hegðun starfsmanna einkafyrirtækja voru mun jákvæðari fyrir hrun, en eftir hrun hefur dregið saman með opinbera geiranum og einkageiranum. Heildarupplifun starfsfólks einkafyrirtækja stendur í stað, en starfsfólk opinberra stofnana er jákvæðara í afstöðu sinni til starfs og vinnuveitanda.
Morguninn eftir Ponzi
Authors: Magnússon Gylfi
Published: January 2018

Þessi grein fjallar um áhrif uppgangs íslenska útrásarhagkerfisins og hruns fjármálakerfisins í kjölfarið á ýmsa eignamarkaði og eigna- og tekjuskiptingu í landinu. Dregið er fram að áhrifin af eignaverðsbólunni eru um margt svipuð og í Ponzi-leik þar sem hreinn hagnaður rennur til þeirra sem byrja snemma og hætta snemma en aðrir tapa. Vegna þess hve stór hluti hagkerfisins var fjármagnaður með erlendu lánsfé lendir stærstur hluti tapsins á endanum á erlendum lánardrottnum en innlendir aðilar, þ. á m. hið opinbera koma að meðaltali furðuvel út. Meðaltölin segja þó ekki alla söguna því að einstakir hópar innlendra aðila koma afar illa út.
Frumkvöðlar og nýsköpun
Authors: Sæmundsson Rögnvaldur J. , Jónsson Örn D.
Published: January 2018

Við upphaf 21. aldarinnar var Ísland eitt opnasta þjóðríki í heimi, vel menntuð þjóð með fjölþætt greinabundin tengsl og góðan aðgang að erlendu fjármagni. Tæplega tíu árum síðar hrynur íslenska bankakerfið og fjölmörg stærstu fyrirtæki landsins verða gjaldþrota. Í þessari grein eru kenningar Schumpeters, Kirzners og Baumols um frumkvöðulinn og hlutverk hans notaðar til að fjalla um hvernig aukin færni til nýsköpunar, opnun erlendra markaða og einkavæðing leiðir ríka þjóð inn í alþjóðlegt hagkerfi með ófyrirséðum afleiðingum. Spurt er hvort endurskapa megi aftur þær hagfelldu forsendur sem til staðar voru í upphafi aldarinnar og vinna að því að atvinnulífið leiti í farveg sem er happadrjúgur fyrir íslenskt samfélag. Niðurstaðan er sú að það sé hægt takist að hlúa að þeim sérhæfðu nýsköpunarfyrirtækjum sem haldið hafa velli og byggja upp nýsköpunardrifið hagkerfi. Til þess þarf að gera breytingar á stofnanaumhverfi og forðast atvinnustefnu sem byggir á nýtingu fullnýttra náttúruauðlinda.
Hugleiðingar um peningamálastefnu
Authors: Zoega Gylfi
Published: January 2018

Í ritgerð þessari er umgerð stjórnar peningamála árin 2001-2008 lýst, farið yfir þá veikleika sem komu í ljós á þessum árum og lagðar til breytingar sem ætlað er að koma í veg fyrir að stjórnvöld missi stjórn á efnahagslífinu aftur. Lagt er til að bæði stjórntækjum og markmiðum Seðlabankans verði fjölgað. Þannig muni hann leitast við að hemja aukningu útlána bankakerfisins og skuldsetningu einkaaðila í framtíðinni auk þess sem hann reyni að ná verðbólgumarkmiði sínu. Gerðar verði breytingar á húsnæðislánakerfinu þannig að vextir á húsnæðislánum verði háðir vöxtum Seðlabankans og útlán í erlendri mynt til aðila sem hafa tekjur í krónum verði bönnuð. Jafnframt hækki yfirvöld peningamála lágmark eiginfjarhlutfalls viðskiptabanka ef þeir eru orðnir svo stórir að fjármálastöðugleika er ógnað eða hafa stækkað of ört; unnt sé að skattleggja stutt lán viðskiptabanka og einnig leggja skatt á lántökur einstaklinga og fyrirtækja og/eða umbuna þeim sem greiða niður skuldir sínar; lækka hámarkshlutföll lána af kaupverði fasteigna í uppsveiflu og Seðlabankinn grípi inn í gjaldeyrismarkaði til þess að jafna gengissveiflur. Jafnframt er lagt til að viðskiptabönkum verði bannað að reka fjárfestingastarfsemi.
Spornað við útflæði fjármagns: Virkuðu íslensku gjaldeyrishöftin?
Authors: Frostadóttir Kristrún M.
Published: January 2018

Gripið var til gjaldeyrishafta á Íslandi haustið 2008 til að vernda krónuna gegn gengisfalli en slík höft hafa verið gagnrýnd. Því hefur verið haldið fram að kostnaður vegna haftanna vegi þyngra en ábatinn af þeim þar sem erfitt getur reynst að stjórna útflæði fjármagns. Megintilgangur rannsóknarinnar var því að kanna hversu vel hafi tekist að hamla gegn útflæðinu og þar með að styðja við krónuna. Þróun helstu fjármálastærða á Íslandi, einkum gengisins, var skoðuð fyrir og eftir að höft voru innleidd. Stuðst var við GARCH-mat og Quandt-Andrews próf til að rannsaka hvort greinileg breyting hafi orðið á þróun íslensku krónunnar við innleiðingu hafta hérlendis. Helstu niðurstöður eru þær að gengisstyrking varð á seinna tímabili hafta, eða frá og með október 2009, og mjög dró úr gengisflökti krónunnar strax við upphaf fyrsta haftatímabils haustið 2008. Inngrip Seðlabanka Íslands á gjaldeyrismarkaði frá og með október 2008 benda til þess að höftin hafi ekki haldið sem skyldi þar til eftirlit með útflæði fjármagns var hert einu ári síðar.
Hvað skýrir viðhorf fólks til auglýsinga?
Authors: Hermannsdóttir Auður
Published: January 2018

Viðhorf fólks til auglýsinga almennt hefur áhrif á mat þess á einstökum auglýsingum. Viðhorf og mat fólks á einstaka auglýsingum hefur svo m.a. áhrif á kaupætlun og á viðhorf til þess vörumerkis sem um ræðir. Almennt viðhorf fólks til auglýsinga getur því gefið verðmætar upplýsingar um hversu áhrifaríkar einstaka auglýsingar eru. Markmið rannsóknarinnar var að kanna hvert viðhorf íslenskra neytenda er til auglýsinga almennt ásamt því að kanna hvaða þættir skýra viðhorfið. Jafnframt var markmiðið að kanna hvort viðhorf til auglýsinga væri ólíkt eftir lýðfræðibreytum. Alls svöruðu 550 einstaklingar netkönnun um ýmislegt sem tengist auglýsingum. Niðurstöður sýna að viðhorf íslenskra neytenda til auglýsinga er nokkuð jákvætt og skýrist fyrst og fremst af upplýsingagildi og gagnsemi auglýsinga. Eftir því sem neytendur eru eldri því neikvæðara er viðhorf þeirra til auglýsinga.
“O combinado” entre professores: marcas da (des)vitalidade do coletivo
Authors: Diolina Kátia , Bueno Luzia
Published: January 2018

Este artigo, recorte dos resultados e discussões de uma tese de doutorado (DIOLINA, 2016), visa a problematizar o papel do coletivo na produção de soluções em razão dos desafios diários vividos pelos professores, conforme revelado em discussão em grupo com professores da rede pública do estado de São Paulo. Trata-se da análise de textos (orais, posteriormente transcritos) produzidos pelos professores e de um estudo engajado nos referenciais teórico-metodológicos do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (BRONCKART, 2006; MACHADO; BRONCKART, 2009; MACHADO et al., 2007), nos da Ergonomia Francesa (AMIGUES, 2004; CAROLY, 2010) e nos da Clínica da Atividade (CLOT, 2006; 2010; KOSTULSKI et al., 2011). O estudo permitiu reafirmar e melhor compreender como o papel do coletivo é significativo e fundamental para o bem-estar da atividade de trabalho, bem como levantar aspectos que podem desvitalizá-lo (DIOLINA, 2016).
Referenciamento ou solidão: o coletivo profissional como operador de saúde, desenvolvimento e adoecimento na atividade de trabalho
Authors: Andrade Letícia Raboud M. de , Falcão Jorge
Published: January 2018

Este trabalho ampara-se nos resultados de uma pesquisa que deu suporte à posterior elaboração de dissertação de mestrado cujo foco voltou-se à atividade de professores pedagogos dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental da rede municipal de Natal/RN. O artigo fundamenta-se no referencial teórico da clínica da atividade e resgata alguns resultados, enfocando e aprofundando-se na discussão sobre a relevância do coletivo profissional como operador de saúde/desenvolvimento e sofrimento/adoecimento quando da ausência/fragilidade de referenciamento pelo coletivo, o que pode estar relacionado à percepção de solidão laboral.
Natural radioactivity and external dose assessment of surface soils in Bolikhamxay province, Laos
Authors: Bui Van Loat
Published: January 2018

We have determined activity concentrations in 33 soil samples collected from Bolikhamxay Province, Laos. The activity concentrations of the natural radionuclides 226Ra,232Th and 40K in soil samples were measured by a gamma spectrometer with a HPGe detector. The average activity concentrations of the natural radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K are 43.8 ± 5.6, 57.0 ± 7.3 and 426.4 ± 23.1 Bq.kg-1, respectively. The average activity concentrations of 226Ra and 232Th in this work are higher than those of the world average values. Meanwhile, the  activity concentration of 40 K is almost the same of the world average value. The estimated average outdoor annual effective dose (E) and radium equivalent actitvity (Raeq) are 0.17 ± 0.02 mSv.yr-1 and 154.8 ± 16.1 Bq.kg-1, respectively.
A kinetic analysis of coupled sequential enzyme reactions
Authors: Eilertsen Justin , Schnell Santiago
Published: January 2018

As a case study, we consider a coupled enzyme assay of sequential enzyme reactions obeying the Michaelis-Menten reaction mechanism. The sequential reaction consists of a single-substrate, single enzyme non-observable reaction followed by another single-substrate, single enzyme observable reaction (indicator reaction). In this assay, the product of the non-observable reaction becomes the substrate of the indicator reaction. A mathematical analysis of the reaction kinetics is performed, and it is found that after an initial fast transient, the sequential reaction is described by a pair of interacting Michaelis-Menten equations. Timescales that approximate the respective lengths of the indicator and non-observable reactions, as well as conditions for the validity of the Michaelis-Menten equations are derived. The theory can be extended to deal with more complex sequences of enzyme catalyzed reactions.