bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Time Diversity Gain – Comparison Between ITU-R P.618-13 Using a Concept of Rain Rate with Delay and Synthetic Storm Technique
Authors: Md Moktarul Alam  , M .R. Hasan  , Md Rafiqul Islam  , Mohamed Hadi Habaebi  , Ahmed Basahel  , Mandeep Singh
Published: June 2022

Future satellite companies will use higher Ka and V bands. Rain fade is the most important issue in establishing reliable communication between Earth and satellites outside the 10 GHz band. The problem is exacerbated in the tropics by significant rainfall throughout the year. One way to deal with rainfall attenuation is to use a time-diversity strategy. Real-time rainfall attenuation data is needed to analyze time variability. However, data from higher frequency bands such as Ka and V bands cannot be used. As a result, the Synthetic Storm Technique (SST) was proposed to convert the measured real time rainfall data into rainfall attenuation data and predict the time diversity gain. The measured rainfall data was converted to rainfall attenuation data using the traditional SST method. Time diversity gains were predicted using Converted rainfall attenuation and the Matriciani model, and the measurements were significantly overestimated. A new concept of realtime rainfall with and without time delay is proposed and used to predict time diversity gain using ITU-R P. 618-13 and the measured rainfall distribution with delay. Therefore, the proposed method recommends using the measured long-term precipitation data to predict the gain from time diversity at the desired frequency.
Readability Evaluation of Variable Handwritten Fonts on Different Screen Sizes Using Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Bratić Diana , Stanić Loknar Nikolina , Koren Ivančević Tajana
Published: June 2022

According to the OpenType standard, variable font is a single font file which contains all style versions of one typeface family, as opposed to standard font families that use different files for each style version. Therefore, they are suitable for use on web because one file with all the necessary typeface styles is significantly smaller in size than classic families with multiple files. This shortens the font loading time, which enables wide range of typographical use on various devices. This paper investigates the readability of handwritten variable fonts in a responsible web environment on four screen sizes: extra small, small, medium, and large. Seven letter cuts were made from basic monoline handwritten font: thin, ultra-light, light, regular, semi-bold, bold, and ultra-bold. This paper presents model of readability evaluation using the fuzzy logic based postprocessing method for segmentation values related to evaluation criteria. Linguistic variable’s values are used to rate readability level against each of the criteria i.e., attributes. Prototype of a variable handwritten fonts are tested in responsive web environment, using CSS technology. The results show that readability evaluation has measurable output because the score combine various numeral factors affecting the readability of particular letter cut.  Also, the results indicate that this type of font is not suitable for displays on extra small and medium screens such as mobile phones and tablets. That knowledge opens advanced possibilities to designers when designing for web because variable handwritten fonts are relatively simple, uniform and easily manageable. Using of proposed model in short time can show readability level of some font type on a new web.
Android-Based Digital Library Application Development
Authors: Syahidul Haq Mohammad , Samani Muchlas , Karwanto  , Nunuk Hariyati
Published: June 2022

Digital technology has enabled the dissemination of all types of information, replacing traditional formats with automated systems. As a result of the development of digital technology, the library has also entered a new era, which is then called the digital library era. Digital library is considered as one form of modern library where the dependence will be on modern technology in the conversion of information and data to digital formats to achieve greater effectiveness and efficiency in storing and processing information and then transmitting it. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop an Android-Based Digital Library Application at the Department of Education Management, State University of Surabaya. This study uses the research and development method proposed by Borg and Gall by applying the nine stages. The results of this study indicate that the development of an Android-Based Digital Library Application at the Education Management Department, State University of Surabaya has been successfully implemented with the results of the trial getting an average percentage above 80% which is included in the very feasible category to be implemented. Even so, evaluation and monitoring must continue to be carried out to prevent errors or problems that may occur, as well as material to continue developing this Android-Based Digital Library Application.
Professionalization and the forgotten system: Observed practices and perceptions at the intersection of informal and formal faculty development
Authors: Brennan Janie , Fernandez Todd , Tranquillo Joe
Published: June 2022

The professionalization of disciplines often leads to formalization of disciplinary training. As professionalization occurs, informal training roles are typically supplanted as the normative method of training but can continue to exist in parallel with formal methods. As in other fields, the ongoing professionalization of faculty development has created significant formalization of training. While the positive impact of formalization is clear in many areas of faculty development, little is known about how formalization affected the informal roles, activities, and perceptions that served to train faculty. This exploratory study reports on data gathered at a workshop designed to document and share stories of ongoing informal faculty development by engineering faculty. The results show that participants struggle to articulate their role in faculty development independent of the systems, programs, and individuals that make up the formalized training systems. Participants were unsure what to do, what they were allowed to do, and whether to label such work faculty development. They saw importance in informal faculty development work but seemed to feel a lack of agency to name such work as faculty development because it exists outside of the professionalized and formalized sphere of modern faculty development. The results suggest a paradox: faculty without a formal role in faculty development are still interested in aiding their peers’ growth informally but are unclear on their role without guidance from the formal system, which inherently reinforces the role of the formal system as the arbiters of faculty development.
Facing wicked problems during a pandemic and beyond: A case study in using design thinking for CTL development and growth
Authors: Sheffield Jenna Pack , Moore Devon
Published: June 2022

In this article, the authors share the challenges we faced as we launched a center for teaching and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, and we describe how we used design thinking as a strategy for working through these challenges. The article presents an overview of the design thinking process, a case study of our application of the process, and recommendations for how educational developers can leverage design thinking as a strategy for solving problems related to limited resources and low faculty engagement.
Case-Teaching Method in Management
Authors: Lamba Sahdev Supriya , Trivedi Prachi , Sharma Meghna
Published: June 2022

Case method of teaching is one of the key pedagogical tools to create an experiential learning environment in the classroom. Through this chapter, the author tries to trace the ramifications for creating a platform for effective learning using questioning techniques to facilitate development of critical thinking skills. This is done by tracing the importance of a method adopted by the Greek philosopher Socrates, the essays of Indian scholar Ramanujan, and the stories by Vishnu Sharma. The authors draw inferences from real-time classroom experiences to bring out the analogies. The perspective developed by the author signifies the importance of reflecting the ‘learnings from past' to create benchmarks for management education in the current context.
Comparison of efficacy of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide at 2-, 4-, and 6-week intervals in hypertrophic scars and keloids
Authors: Srivastava Vaishali , Sharma Shardendu , Rathore Deepak
Published: June 2022

Context:

Keloids and hypertrophic scars are a cause of severe impairment of quality of life. Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide has been used at different intervals at various centers.

Aim:

This study was aimed to compare the efficacy of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide at 2-, 4-, and 6-week intervals in hypertrophic scars and keloids.

Settings and Design:

This study was conducted in the plastic surgery outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital. This is an interventional prospective study, randomization was done using a computer-generated sequence.

Materials and Methods:

In this study conducted from October 2015 to January 2017, administration of triamcinolone acetonide 40 mg/ml at 2-weekly, 4-weekly, and 6-weekly intervals was done in case of hypertrophic scars and keloids for up to 8 doses or till Vancouver Scar (VCS) scale of 4 was achieved. VCS, pain, and itching were noted and compared.

Statistical Analysis:

VCS scale was used for comparison using analysis of variance test. The visual analog scale was compared using an unpaired t-test. Qualitative data were compared using the Chi-square test/Fischer's exact test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

The 2-weekly regimen was found to show better results in terms of pain and scar improvement. It also required a lesser number of doses to produce the same effect. The response to itching was comparable in 2- and 4-weekly groups and was better than 6-weekly group. Minimal complications were noted in the three groups.

Conclusion:

Two-weekly regimen of triamcinolone acetonide is recommended for intralesional use in hypertrophic scars and keloids.
The antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized by Thymus vulgaris medicinal plant against Escherichia coli and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides
Authors: Aboelmaaty Amal M. , Omara Shimaa T. , Aly Mohamed S. , Kotp Mohamed S. , Ali Amal H.
Published: June 2022

Background and objectives

The emerging nanotechnology-prepared medications and their applications in industrial and medical fields have gained great progress. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) synthesized by the green method using the Thymus vulgaris plant extract against the most common pathogenic bacteria causing endometritis in horses (Escherichia coli) and E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Materials and methods

Uterine swabs from mares (n=50) with clinical endometritis were collected for isolating the pathogenic bacteria. A total of 40 Wistar rats were divided equally into control (n=10), LPS (n=10; 10 mg/kg body weight), ZnO-NPs (n=10; 50 mg/kg body weight), and LPS+ZnO-NPs (n=10). ZnO-NPs were administered for 4 days and the LPS on the fourth day. Histopathological and ultrastructures of liver, kidney, and testes were obtained. Blood samples were collected for measuring superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and testosterone.

Results and conclusion

ZnO-NPs of 15–30 nm showed antimicrobial effectiveness against the isolated multidrug-resistant E. coli. The LD50 for ZnO-NPs was 2000 mg/kg body weight. The histopathological changes showed massive damage to the seminiferous tubules, liver, and kidney of LPS-treated rats, which was reversed to a great extent by preadministration of ZnO-NPs. The activity of SOD was high in LPS and ZnO-NPs, but the LPS+ZnO-NPs and the controls had the lowest SOD activity. LPS and LPS+ZnO-NPs decreased malondialdehyde concentrations. LPS decreased NO, but ZnO-NPs restored control values. Testosterone declined after LPS administration, with no observed changes in the rats treated with ZnO-NPs or LPS+ZnO-NPs. ZnO-NPs proved dual actions of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory. Short course and suitable dose should be investigated to avoid its cytotoxicity effects to vital organs.
Burns and COVID-19
Authors: Baba P. Umar Farooq , Shah Raheeb Ahmad , Bhat Hillal Ahmad , Gul Adfar , Wani Adil Hafeez
Published: June 2022

Background:

A burn injury necessitates immediate emergency treatment that should be furnished securely to the victims. Appropriate precautions need to be undertaken to cut down the risk of exposure. A proper assessment and treatment commencement ought to be carried out before the viral infection has even been excluded as it is a race against time. The prognosis is determined by the established factors with viral infection acting as an ancillary addition. Burns are associated with many systemic disorders such as coagulopathy, sepsis, and respiratory distress which need to be differentiated from similar manifestations of the disease.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective study was conducted in our burn unit (analysing data from Burn Registry of the Department), comparing various parameters during the pandemic year with those of the previous year. The aim was to observe whether COVID-19 has any sinister impact on burn management and outcome or not.

Results:

There was a 30.5% decrease in burn admissions with reduction in male burns (9%; M: F ratio decreased from 3:2 to 1:1) and delayed presentations (4%). The epidemiological parameters largely remained unaltered. The intensive care unit (ICU) admission rate and mortality remained the same. Our COVID positivity rate among burns was 5.3%.

Conclusion:

We conclude that incidence of burn admissions decreased during the pandemic with increase in delayed presentations. The ICU admission rate and mortality increased by 9% rate (outcome) remained unchanged. Hence, COVID-19 did not at the end of the “first wave” put any sinister impact on burn increased, management as well as the outcome.
Airway management in patients with neck burn contracture
Authors: Gupta Nidhi , Tiwari Tanmay , Abbas Haider
Published: June 2022

Airway management is an important aspect during reconstructive surgeries of patients with postburn contracture (PBC) due to significant morbidity and mortality associated with it. The standard recommendations by the American Society of Anesthesiologists for Difficult Airway Management may not be appropriate for these patients due to the high risk of intubation failure and airway crisis. With recent advancements, many techniques and devices have been used successfully in patients with PBC of the head and neck. This article focuses on various barriers faced during the airway management of such patients along with common techniques to overcome them.
Burn injury from cooking gas flame in a child of 6 years
Authors: Ramakrishnan K. Mathangi , Jayaraman V. , Ramachandran K. , Mathivanan T. , Ravi R.
Published: June 2022

It has become the fashion to have a gas cooking facility in the kitchen of even the middle class personnal like teachers, and office going people (middle income group) in Chennai.
Quality Improvement Project of a Closed Catheter System to Reduce Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections during Acute Inpatient Rehabilitation using Stepped-Wedge Design
Authors: Stampas Argyrios , Hua Jason , Naumann Heather , Martinez Claudia I. , Roberts DeAnn , Pedroza Claudia
Published: June 2022

Objective:

To investigate if an indwelling catheter with a one-way valve (BioFlo® [BF]) reduces the incidence of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs).

Methods:

Prospective quality improvement project.

Design:

Stepped-wedge nursing unit enrollment in acute inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) was conducted over 9 months. All patients admitted to IRF that used an indwelling catheter at any time during admission were included, with all days and types of voiding methods collected when in the study period. Comparisons were between BF versus usual care (Foley catheter), with incidence of CAUTI as the primary outcome measure.

Results:

There were 227 patients: 21 using BF only, 146 using Foley only, and 60 using both. This resulted in 206 Foley users and 81 BF users. The BF group had a greater percentage of patients with CAUTI compared to the Foley group (30% vs. 17%, P = 0.021). Using generalized linear modeling and adjusting for confounders revealed an 89% increased risk of CAUTI in the BF group compared to the Foley group (odds ratio: 1.89, P = 0.033). Bayesian analysis determined that the probability of BF increasing the rate of CAUTI was 96% (95% credible interval: 0.95–2.7).

Conclusions:

Maintaining a closed catheter system with BF does not reduce the rates of CAUTIs during acute inpatient rehabilitation.
Graphical education and appropriate time before elective colonoscopy make better bowel preparation
Authors: Sun Jiachen , Chen Yongpeng , Gu Yuqin , Chen Junrong , Li Chujun , Zhou Qiulun , Hu Jiancong , Jiang Guozhi
Published: June 2022

Background:

Inadequate bowel preparation leads to lower polyp detection rates, longer procedure times and lower cecal intubation rates. However, there is no consensus about high-quality bowel preparation, so our study evaluated graphical education and appropriate time before elective colonoscopy.

Patients and Methods:

We performed a secondary analysis of a national colorectal cancer screening programme of 738 patients. The patients were divided into a group given a graphical information manual (n = 242) or a word-only one (n = 496). They were also divided into groups according to the interval between bowel preparation and colonoscopy: 6–8 h (Group 1, n = 106), 9–12 h (Group 2, n = 228) and 13–17 h (Group 3, n = 402). All patients were scored according to the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) during the examination.

Results:

The bowel preparation of the graphical group was significantly better than the text group (P < 0.001). After adjustment, the bowel preparation score of Group 1 and Group 2 were both significantly higher than that of Group 3 (P = 0.012 and P = 0.032). Maximum BBPS was 6.31 when the interval time was 6.52 h (95% confidence interval: 5.95–6.66), and when the interval was <10 h, the BBPS was ≥6.

Conclusion:

High-quality bowel preparation was linked to graphical education and appropriate time before colonoscopy. We suggest that the interval between taking the first laxative and colonoscopy should be <10 h, preferably 6.5 h. Prospective multicentre research is needed to give more evidence of high-quality bowel preparation methods.
Surgical management of cystic duct stump calculi causing post-cholecystectomy syndrome: A prospective study
Authors: Kumar Saket , Kurian Nishant , Singh Rakesh Kumar , Chidipotu Venkat Rao , Kumar Sanjay , Raj Amarjit Kumar , Mandal Manish
Published: June 2022

Aim:

Remnant cystic duct stump calculi are an uncommon but important cause of ‘post-cholecystectomy syndrome’. High index of suspicion is needed to diagnose this condition in a symptomatic post-cholecystectomy patient. We present our experience with the surgical management of this condition.

Patients and Methods:

This prospective study included 19 patients with residual gallstone disease who underwent completion cholecystectomy between August 2016 and October 2021. Investigations included abdominal ultrasound and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. The demographic, clinical, surgical and early post-operative variables of these patients were prospectively maintained and analysed.

Results:

The study included 14 women and 5 men. The mean age was 42.1 years (range, 14–80 years). The median duration between index surgery and completion cholecystectomy was 36 months (range, 2–178 months) (interquartile range, 105 months). The follow-up duration was 2 months. The initial surgery was open cholecystectomy in 17 and laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 2 patients. All patients with residual stump stone presented with pain, while 10 out of 19 patients complained of dyspepsia. Completion cholecystectomy could be performed laparoscopically in 16 cases, whereas 3 patients underwent open surgery. The mean operative time was 80 min (range, 55–140 min), and the mean blood loss was 100 ml (range, 50–160 ml). The mean hospital stay was 3 days (range, 2–10 days). No post-operative mortality or major morbidity was recorded in any of our patients.

Conclusion:

Laparoscopic excision of the cystic duct stump is feasible and safe even after previous open cholecystectomy. It is increasingly becoming the treatment of choice where expertise is available.
Human rights-based climate litigation: a Latin American cartography
Authors: Auz Juan
Published: June 2022

This article maps climate litigation developments in Latin America and their human rights and constitutional rights implications. As in other regions of the Global South, groups and individuals in Latin America have engaged in litigation to counter environmental harms threatening or violating the enjoyment of their human rights. Climate change, either as a primary or as a secondary concern, is slowly becoming a key focus of this form of strategic human rights-based litigation. Despite the gradual increase of the ‘Latin American docket’ of climate litigation cases, very few academic accounts have explored its legal dimensions or its contextual underpinnings. This article addresses this lacuna by identifying and examining the constitutional opportunities for and constraints upon adjudicating climate-related cases through human rights law, and also problematizes the development of climate litigation in Latin America by drawing attention to the influence of extractivist political and economic interests. The categories used for analysis stem from the literature on climate litigation in the Global South, case law and interviews with Latin-American litigants. The article concludes by stressing that this type of climate litigation is increasing and has led to several favourable verdicts, but caution is warranted as some political economy elements might hinder the development of such litigation, its inclusivity and long-term effectiveness.
Climate adaptation, vulnerability and rights-based litigation: broadening the scope of climate litigation using political ecology
Authors: Ohdedar Birsha
Published: June 2022

his article examines the nexus between climate vulnerability, rights and litigation with a focus on the Global South. Reducing vulnerability is inherent to climate adaptation and the protection and realization of human rights. However, despite these linkages, vulnerability has been given scant attention in climate law literature. Through a more detailed understanding of vulnerability, we can identify a wider variety of cases that are relevant to why people are climate vulnerable and the potential for strategic interventions. Accordingly, using an interdisciplinary framework drawing upon political ecology, the article outlines two broad approaches to vulnerability: the hazards approach, based upon protecting people from the physical impacts of climate change; and the social vulnerability approach, which foregrounds the socio-political factors that underpin why particular groups of people are more vulnerable than others. India is then used as a case study to illustrate three types of litigation relevant from a vulnerability perspective: litigation on droughts, land conflicts and agrarian debt. These cases, though not traditionally defined as ‘climate litigation’, fundamentally concern issues of climate vulnerability, adaptation and rights. The cases demonstrate how different framings of climate vulnerability are embedded within the arguments and directions of the courts. Ultimately, the article argues that through a closer understanding of climate vulnerability, litigation can be a vehicle for adaptation by identifying and tackling the structural causes of vulnerability and rights issues.
Opieka społeczna w powiecie tureckim w pierwszych latach po zakończeniu działań wojennych (1945-1949)
Authors: Brenk Mikołaj
Published: June 2022

Artykuł dotyczy aktywności samorządowej na polu opieki społecznej w powiecie tureckim w Wielkopolsce w skrajnie trudnych, powojennych warunkach Polski Ludowej. W pierwszych miesiącach po zakończeniu okupacji udało się zorganizować miejscowym społecznikom podstawową pomoc w formie ratowniczej dla osób najbardziej potrzebujących – głównie dożywiając ludność i tworząc domy dla starców i inwalidów. W ciągu pierwszego roku stworzono i sprawnie nadzorowano we wszystkich gminach sieć Gminnych Komitetów Opieki Społecznej. Dzięki nim możliwe było względnie dokładne rozpoznanie potrzeb w terenie, a także adekwatne do potrzeb rozdzielanie pomocy – również tej płynącej od organizacji międzynarodowych. Oczywiście problemy natury organizacyjnej, finansowej, politycznej i in. powodowały, iż opieka społeczna była taktowana jako jedna z ostatnich „spraw do załatwienia” podczas tworzeniu struktur powojennych samorządów. Niemniej jednak opisane pięć lat jej funkcjonowania charakteryzowało się wyraźnym rozwojem.

Social welfare in the Turek country in the first years after the end of military activities (1945-1949).

The article concerns self-government activity in the field of social welfare in the Turek Country in Greater Poland in the extremely difficult post-war conditions of the People’s Poland. In the first months after the end of the occupation, it was possible to organize basic help in the form of rescue operations for the most needy – mainly feeding the population and creating homes for the elderly and invalids. During the first year, a network of Communal Welfare Committees was created and supervised in all municipalities. Thanks to them, it was possible to identify the needs in the area, as well as their adequate allocation – also the one coming from international organizations. Of course, the problems of the organizational, financial, political and other nature caused that social care was treated as one of the “issues to be dealt with” during the creation of structures of post-war local governments. Nevertheless, the described five years of its functioning was characterized by a clear development.
Warsztaty Zespołu Szkół Technicznych w Kole – siedemdziesiąt lat działalności
Authors: Kaszyński Mariusz
Published: June 2022

Artykuł omawia siedemdziesięcioletnią działalność Warsztatów działających przy Zespole Szkół Technicznych w Kole. Przedstawione zostały poszczególne etapy rozwoju placówki, która działała na rzecz rozwoju zawodowego młodych z Koła i terenu powiatu kolskiego. Rozważania uzupełnione są o biogramy kolejnych kierowników Warsztatów.

The workshops of the complex of Technical Schools in the Koło – the seventy years of activity.

The Article is discussing years of activity (70 years of activity of the Workshops being active by the Comlex of Technical Schools in Koło. They were introduced individual stages of the development of the institution which acted for the professional development of the young people (the youth) from the Koło and the area of the Koło district. Discussions are supplemented for biographical entries of next Workshops.
Environmental Changes in a Mediterranean River (Upper Sebou, Morocco) Between 1981 and 2017
Authors: Zerrouk Mariam , Dakki Mohamed , El Agbani Mohammed Aziz , Himmi Oumnia
Published: June 2022

The functioning and sustainability of lotic ecosystems depend to a large extent on their thermal and hydrological regimes. In the Mediterranean region, these factors are very sensitive to climate and anthropization which have undergone deep changes over the last four decades. Having noted the drying up of many permanent streams in Morocco, we conducted in 2015-2017 a new study with the aim of analyzing and assessing abiotic changes in the Upper Sebou (Middle Atlas, Morocco). A former study was carried out in 1981-1985. Indeed, over the last four decades, this river has been exposed to multiple disturbances, due to both recurrent droughts and human pressures. To describe and assess these changes, we used 16 abiotic variables that were measured in 11 ecosystems along the central course of the river. The comparison was mainly carried out using the multiple factorial correspondence analysis (MFCA), through a ternary matrix “variables × stations × time”, gathering old and new data in the same mesological structure. The analysis revealed the classical upstream-downstream ordering of the studied ecosystems, where most of the ecosystems recorded a downstream migration from their 1981 position. In this evolutionary perspective, the study involves hydrological and thermal factors, which show mainly a reduction in flow and a slight increase in temperature and water mineralization, both in summer and winter. It is assumed that water withdrawals, especially for irrigation, together with climatic droughts in the region, are responsible for these long-term evolutionary trends.
Deconstructionist Analyses of an Italian Poem with Special Emphasis on the Process of Translation Giovanni Papini: C’è un canto dentro di me
Authors: Tóth-Izsó Zsuzsanna , Lombard Catherine Ann
Published: June 2022

This second of three related articles presents two deconstructionist literary analyses of translations of Papini’s poem C’è un canto dentro di me. This study demonstrates how the two authors interpreted their own English translations and, thus, indirectly, the Italian original, in terms of the accepted deconstructionist analysis frame. Working independently, the authors’ three-level analysis of the poem (verbal, textual, and linguistic) resulted in significantly diverse outcomes concerning the poem’s overall message. This study compared the authors’ content elements and their familiarity with Papini’s work. Not surprisingly, it showed markedly different person-related readings and revealed that deconstructionist analyses conducted by two independent translators could lead to equally justified multiple interpretations of the poem. Another finding is that both authors’ translations could be considered real “deconstructionist” since they do not fit the foreignization – domestication continuum. This statement is especially true when the target language is English, an international communication medium. Therefore, translators can never know in advance which nationality and cultural background their readers might belong to. Nevertheless, both authors recognize that poetry, by its very nature, leaves less room for national-cultural aspects during the translation process than longer prosaic pieces. Therefore, translating poetry has a much higher chance of being “deconstructionist.”
Framework to Maintain Specialisations in a General Degrees Structure
Authors: De Souza-Daw Tony , Falah Ahmed , Fahd Kiran , Parvin Sazia , Di Serio Antony
Published: June 2022

Structuring a degree is a common activity for course developers. Analyzing appropriate subjects and year levels, establishing pre- and co-requisite, and benchmarking against similar degrees are common academic activities. However, the degree structure itself has not had significant changes until now. A degree often lacks flexibility and cohesion and arguably may even lose the main concept of making students highly skilled in the selected labor market more employable. After examining different degree structures, approaches, and employability incentives, we identified a degree structure that can divide each subject into components. Subjects' learning activities, tutorials, and assessments are tailored to align more closely with employment skills. We then proposed breaking all subjects into components relative to year levels, such as majors, minors, streams, and more. This sub-division of work can be performed to any degree. Particular advantages come with a general degree with standard core units and majors—creating learning activities closer to the major and offering students a more robust academic scaffold of their subjects. In addition, higher Education providers benefit by having a cost-efficient degree with minimum overhead to pass the benefits onto students. We discussed several examples from engineering, business, and information technology. Showing how learning opportunities can be divided per degree and subjects into degrees, majors, streams, and specializations. Students studying this framework will have developed skills firmly built on each other, enabling specialization in employment careers and academically. Closing the gap between employment and graduation.
INFLUENCIA DEL USO DE RECUBRIMIENTOS COMESTIBLES EN LA CONSERVACIÓN POSCOSECHA DE PRODUCTOS HORTOFRUTÍCOLAS
Authors: Villafuerte Carrillo Franklin , Ortega Rivera Carolina , Angulo Alegría Cristian , Enríquez Estrella Miguel
Published: June 2022

La aplicación de recubrimientos comestibles ha jugado un papel importante en la industria de alimentos al demostrar ser efectivos en la conservación de frutas y hortalizas. El siguiente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar mediante una recopilación bibliográfica, la influencia del uso de recubrimientos comestibles en la conservación de productos hortofrutícolas. Mediante un posterior a nálisis bibliográfico, se determinó que el uso de recubrimientos comestibles influye de manera positiva no solo en el aumento de la vida útil de frutas y hortalizas, sino también en la conservación de características requeridas por los consumidores como color, brillo y firmeza, además de minimizar la pérdida de humedad, sólidos solubles y evitando grandes modificaciones e n el p H e i nclusive e n a limentos procesados, como las frituras, pueden llegar a reducir la absorción de grasa.
EFECTO DEL EMPACADO AL VACIO CON UNA SELLADORA SEMIAUTOMÁTICA EN LAS CARACTERISTICAS FISICOQUÍMICAS DE LA CARNE DE CUY
Authors: Oleas López Mauricio , Usca Méndez Julio , Soc Wilson , Freire Franco Juan Carlos
Published: June 2022

Los procesos de conservación van evolucionando es por ello que la finalidad de esta investigación fue demostrar la calidad bromatológica y sensorial de la carne de cuy posterior a un empaquetado al vacío mediante una máquina semiautomático con la consideración de que el diseño y construcción de esta tecnología es mantener las características sensoriales y nutricionales del producto; por lo cual se buscó evaluar su composición química en cuanto a proteína, extracto etéreo, cenizas y humedad durante un lapso de 8, 16, 24 días. Luego de la evaluación se observó que las variables consideradas no cambian ni disminuyen conforme pasan los días, ya que por medio del empaquetado se logra prolongar la vida útil de la carne, a los 16 días se obtuvieron los porcentaje más relevantes como proteínas con el 20,6 %, extracto etéreo con 4,38 %, cenizas con el 0,8 % y una humedad del 76,23 %, los resultados fueron contrastados con la valoración de los mismos parámetros en carne de cuy y otras especies. Se concluye que la máquina para el empaquetado al vacío utilizada es eficiente y mantiene una carne de cuy apta para el consumo humano ya que la evaluación de sus componentes es beneficiosa para el consumo humano.
DESHIDRATACIÓN DE FRUTAS EN EL CANTÓN GUANO
Authors: J. O. Cabrera Escobar
Published: June 2022

En este trabajo se destaca la importancia de los frutalesy cereales en la producción agropecuaria del cantón Guanoy las probabilidades de transformación para el consumonacional e internacional. Se dan algunos conceptos generalessobre deshidratación de frutas y cereales, se proponenalternativas de secado y criterios para preparar las frutas parasu deshidratación. Se presenta un procedimiento general delproceso de deshidratación, mismo que podrá ser aplicado segúnlas disponibilidades de las zonas agroindustriales.
DISEÑO DE UN SISTEMA TRANSPORTADOR DE TUNAS PARA ABASTECER UN SISTEMA DE LIMPIEZA
Authors: Velásquez Carvajal Rodrigo , Merizalde Salas Alex , Caminos Vargas Javier , Orozco- Cazco Cristina
Published: June 2022

En la comunidad de Chingazo Alto se presentó la necesidad de transportar 2000 tunas por cada hora, con esta investigación se busca diseñar un sistema de transportación de rodillos que sirve para abastecer al sistema de limpieza de la máquina desespinadora. La investigación usa la metodología de diseño y desarrollo concurrente de producto, en el diseño conceptual se estable las especificaciones iniciales requeridas, parámetros de funcionamiento del sistema de transportación y las alternativas de diseño en función al producto cosechado (tunas) para la elaboración del sistema. Una consideración fue la de evitar el daño de la superficie y el desprendimiento inadecuado de las espinas para evitar la descomposición prematura de la tuna. Como resultado se obtuvo una velocidad lineal de 0.8 m/s y un motor de 3/4Hp para satisfacer al sistema de transportación. En base al transporte del producto la distancia entre centros de los rodillos fue de 24,5 mm, con este valor se evita que las tunas previamente seleccionadas se filtren entre los espacios de los rodillos, ya que debido al muestreo obtenido el mínimo diámetro de las tunas producidas en la comunidad es de 32mm, en las pruebas se estimó una inclinación de 15° para el sistema de transportación con lo que se evitó el daño de las tunas desde la cuba de alimentación hacia el sistema de limpieza evitando el desprendimiento inadecuado de las espinas, se logró el objetivo de transportar las tunas además de que el producto llego sin daños o laceraciones hacia la cámara desespinadora.
MINI MOTOCULTOR ERGONÓMICO DOBLE PROPÓSITO PARA OPTIMIZACIÓN DE POSTSIEMBRA DE CICLO CORTO EN LA SIERRA ECUATORIANA
Authors: Herrera Andrade Miguel
Published: June 2022

En la comunidad de Chingazo Alto se presentó la necesidad de transportar 2000 tunas por cada hora, con esta investigación se busca diseñar un sistema de transportación de rodillos que sirve para abastecer al sistema de limpieza de la máquina desespinadora. La investigación usa la metodología de diseño y desarrollo concurrente de producto, en el diseño conceptual se estable las especificaciones iniciales requeridas, parámetros de funcionamiento del sistema de transportación y las alternativas de diseño en función al producto cosechado (tunas) para la elaboración del sistema. Una consideración fue la de evitar el daño de la superficie y el desprendimiento inadecuado de las espinas para evitar la descomposición prematura de la tuna. Como resultado se obtuvo una velocidad lineal de 0.8 m/s y un motor de 3/4Hp para satisfacer al sistema de transportación. En base al transporte del producto la distancia entre centros de los rodillos fue de 24,5 mm, con este valor se evita que las tunas previamente seleccionadas se filtren entre los espacios de los rodillos, ya que debido al muestreo obtenido el mínimo diámetro de las tunas producidas en la comunidad es de 32mm, en las pruebas se estimó una inclinación de 15° para el sistema de transportación con lo que se evitó el daño de las tunas desde la cuba de alimentación hacia el sistema de limpieza evitando el desprendimiento inadecuado de las espinas, se logró el objetivo de transportar las tunas además de que el producto llego sin daños o laceraciones hacia la cámara desespinadora.
EVALUACIÓN DE COLORANTES NATURALES EN LA ELABORACIÓN DE CHORIZO DE POLLO
Authors: Ruiz Mármol Hernán Patricio , Singuango Ajón Lisbeth Andreina , Echeverria Guevara María Paulina , Aguiar Novillo Santiago Nicolas
Published: June 2022

Uno de los productos cárnico de mayor consumo en el Ecuador es el chorizo, en la provincia de Pastaza en los últimos años se ha incrementado la producción de pollo de carne, sin embargo, no existen información formal sobre la utilización de esta carne en la elaboración de chorizo que puedan determinar su formulación y proceso. La utilización de productos naturales como colorantes alimenticios la adición de diferentes colorantes naturales como (Bixa orellana L.) achiote, (Daucus carota L.) zanahoria y (Cúrcuma longa L.) cúrcuma. En base a ello el objetivo de este trabajo investigativo consistió en determinar la c alidad fi nal d el e mbutido e laborado a base de carne de pollo y colorantes naturales. Se evaluaron parámetros: físicoquímico; (pH), microbiológicos; (determinación de Escherichia coli y Clostridium perfringens) y sensoriales; (color, sabor, olor y textura). La investigación se desarrolló en el laboratorio de alimentos de la Universidad Estatal Amazónica de la ciudad del Puyo. El tipo de investigación que se utilizó fue de tipo experimental. Los resultados que se obtuvieron en el análisis del pH estuvieron dentro de los rangos establecidos de (4,5 y 6,2) por la Norma Técnica Ecuatoriana INEN 1344:96. Respecto al análisis microbiológico, las muestras estudiadas no presentaron conteo de microrganismos, cumpliendo con la Norma Técnica Ecuatoriana INEN 1338:2012. En relación con la valoración organoléptica no se presentó diferencia estadística entre los tratamientos pero si hubo diferencia numérica así se determinó los tratamientos más puntuados con 18 puntos los tratamientos que utilizaron como colorantes achiote y zanahoria.
ELABORACIÓN DE SALAME COCIDO CON DIFERENTES NIVELES DE CARNE DE ALPACA (VICUGNA PACOS)
Authors: Acán J.E. , Mira Vásquez J.M
Published: June 2022

Se evaluaron diferentes porcentajes de carne de alpaca (20, 40 y 60%) en salame cocido frente a un testigo, estudio que se desarrolló en el Centro de Producción de Cárnicos de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. Se aplicaron cuatro repeticiones por tratamiento bajo un Diseño Completamente al Azar, se utilizó carnes de alpaca, vacuno, cerdo y grasa de cerdo, con la adición de aditivos y condimentos permitidos. La carne de alpaca influyó en la composición físico química del producto terminado, en los tratamientos T2 y T3 se reportaron los contenidos más altos de proteína presentando diferencias significativas con los otros tratamientos, mientras que el porcentaje más bajo de humedad presentó el T2, en cambio este mismo tratamiento alcanzó el mayor nivel de materia seca; en los contenidos de cenizas y grasa la carne de alpaca no ejerció ninguna influencia ya que no se observaron diferencias significativas. El análisis microbiológico determinó la ausencia de Salmonella y la presencia insignificante de Escherichia coli y Staphylococcus aureus cumpliendo con los requerimientos de la norma NTE INEN 1338, considerándose un producto apto para el consumo humano. Las características sensoriales como apariencia, color, sabor y olor las cuales no se vieron afectadas por la carne de alpaca, alcanzaron calificaciones de muy Buena. Por lo que se concluye que el salame cocido elaborado con diferentes porcentajes de carne de alpaca presentó una excelente composición química, con niveles de proteína que superan el 19 %, constituyéndose a la vez en un producto muy saludable por su bajo contenido de grasa.
APLICACIÓN DE LAS FUERZAS DE PORTER EN EL ESTUDIO DE MERCADO DE EMPRESAS DEL ECUADOR
Authors: Cajamarca D. , López S. , Santiana C. , Baño D.
Published: June 2022

El análisis de la competencia de un sector específico se lo puede analizar de diferentes maneras con la utilización de varios métodos, el estudio de la competencia permite a la empresa analizar el nivel de competencia que existe en el sector que se desea ingresar. El objetivo de esta investigación bibliográfica es analizar las fuerzas de Porter aplicadas por las distintas empresas en el Ecuador para mantenerse en el mercado y determinar cuál es la fuerza que tiene menos influencia en las empresas. La investigación es de carácter Descriptivo en donde realizó una revisión de trabajos de titulación los cuales analizaron la competencia utilizando las cinco fuerzas de Porter. Una vez realizada el respectivo análisis sobre las estrategias de mercado que cada empresa ha tomado en cuenta para obtener rentabilidad cada una aplica o analiza de distintas maneras las cinco fuerzas de Porter establecidas por el autor del mismo apellido mismas que pueden ser aplicadas a cualquier tipo de empresa.
The Effect of Replacement of River Sharp Sand with Quarry Fines on the Split Tensile Strength of Concrete
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria., Hanson Iron Dr. Udeme
Published: June 2022

Sharp sand, the normal fine aggregate in concrete is getting scarce daily because of the increase in construction activities in the country. Moreover, the cost of sand is so enormous to be afforded by the common citizens. The need to find readily available and good substitutes for sand becomes imminent. Quarry fines, a waste product generated in the stone quarrying industries has been found to serve as a good substitute for sand in concrete. The proper utilization of this waste material in concrete will seriously reduce the problem of managing this waste while at the same time helping in the reduction of the cost of concrete produced. This study investigated the effects of replacement of river sharp sand with quarry fines on the split tensile strength of concrete. It was observed that the split tensile strength kept increasing as the curing days increased and attained a maximum value of 2.66N/mm2 at 75% sand replacement with quarry dust at 28 days age. At 100% quarry dust content, the 28th day split tensile strength reduced to 1.97N/mm2 indicating a 26% reduction in strength.
Improving Poetry Reading Skills by Applying the Observation, Imitation, and Modification Learning Model Using Video Media for Students of Class 10 IPA Sman 8 Sarolangun
Authors:   Master Degree Program of Biology Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Padang State University, Jl. Prof. Dr. West Padang Freshwater Hamka - 25131 Indonesia, Riska Iba Fadillah
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to improve the poetry reading skills of 10th grade science students at SMA Negeri 8 Sarolangun in the even semester of the 2022-2023 academic year through the Observe, Imitate, and Modify learning model using video media. This study was designed with a classroom action research design. This Classroom Action Research (CAR) was carried out in two cycles. Each cycle has four stages, namely 1) implementation planning, 2) action implementation, 3) observation, 4) reflection. The subjects of this study were 10th grade science students at SMA Negeri 8 Sarolangun. The research focused on problems related to the low poetry reading skills of students. The data in this study were obtained through observation, interviews, tests of students' poetry reading skills, and documentation. The data were analyzed by data reduction techniques, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results obtained are the percentage of achievement indicators of poetry reading skills which have increased in each cycle. The average ability of students in discussing before implementing the action is categorized as less. After implementing the action for two cycles, the average ability of students in reading poetry is categorized as very good. The results showed that there was an increase in skills in reading poetry. It was proven during the first cycle of action with an average score of 6.72, and at the end of the implementation of the action, namely the second cycle, the average score was 8.48. Thus, the skills of students in reading poetry have increased by 1.76.