bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF A ROTARY SEALING COMPONENT FEATURING MR FLUID AND PERMANENT MAGNET
Authors: LE HAI ZY ZY  , VO VAN CUONG  , DO QUI DUYEN  , DIEP BAO TRI  , NGUYEN QUOC HUNG
Published: April 2023

In this research work, a self-sealing component for rotary shaft of Magneto-rheological (MR) fluid based devices such as MR brakes and MR clutches is designed and tested by both simulation and experiment. The sealing component is composed of a permanent magnet and a magnetic core placed on a rotary shaft to replace a traditional lip-seal. After an overview of MR fluid and its applications as well as researches on sealing components based on MR fluid, a configuration of a self-sealing component for rotary shaft of a MR fluid based device is proposed. Afterwards, the design and modeling of the sealing component is then conducted based on Bingham plastic rheological model of the MR fluid and finite element analysis. Based on finite element analysis, optimal design of the sealing component is obtained. Prototypes of the sealing component are then manufactured and experimental works are then conducted. Base on experimental results, performance characteristics of the sealing component are investigated and compared with simulated results.
MODULES AND RINGS IN WHICH EVERY COMPLEMENT IS ISOMORPHIC TO A SUMMAND
Authors: NGUYEN THI THU HA
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we introduce a generalization of the well-known CS condition. We say an -module  is a -  if every complement is isomorphic to a summand. We prove that if  is a right CIS-ring right FGF ring, then  is a quasi-Frobenius ring, and if  is a right CIS-ring right CF ring, then  is a right artinian ring. New characterizations of quasi-Frobenius rings are provided by using CIS-rings. Moreover, many of the important propositions related to CS-rings are generalized to CIS-rings also presented.
THE IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND PRESSURE ON WORKING STRESS OF ELEMENTARY TEACHERS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN HO CHI MINH CITY
Authors: NGUYEN THANH LONG  , TRUONG THI XOAN  , PHAN THI MY CAM  , NGUYEN THI MINH TRAM  , LE NGUYEN  , LE THUY KIEU  , PHAM NGOC KIM KHANH
Published: April 2023

This study was conducted to identify and analyze the impact of emotional intelligence and pressure on working stress of elementary teachers, who had been teaching online during Covid-19 pandemic in Ho Chi Minh City. Qualitative research was conducted through focus group discussions with experts, and quantitative research was conducted through direct interviews with elementary teachers, who lived in Ho Chi Minh city. The results showed that: trait happiness had negative impact on working stress of elementary teachers; workload pressure, time pressure, technology pressure were factors that had possitive impact on working stress of elementary teachers during Covid-19 pandemic in Ho Chi Minh City. Based on these findings, the authors would propose some managerial implications to decrease the working stress of elementary teachers.
Hybrid Renewable Energy Generator with IOT Monitoring
Authors: Wanjari Avishkar , D. Amale Atharva , V. Chandpurkar Savita , D. Dokrimare Nikita , M. Kore Rupali , Rahangdale Pratibha , V. Bhande Saurabh
Published: April 2023

Solar power plants need to be monitored for efficient power output. This aids in when restoring optimum energy output from power generation while being on the lookout for concerns such as defective solar panels, damaged connections, and dust accumulation on panels that reduce performance. Here, we propose an automated Internet of Things-based system for monitoring solar and wind power that provides automatic power monitoring from anywhere over the Internet. This system automatically detects the solar panel's output and sends information via the internet to an IOT system. Here, we used an IOT platform to send energy-generating parameters to an IOT platform server via the Internet. IoT-based controllers are the key components of the framework. This will promote preventative assistance, identification of the cause, and a true inspection of the plant that can sustain ongoing assessment. Nowadays, the frameworks for sustainable energy sources are emerging as the best way to produce power. As technology advances, the cost of sustainable energy source equipment is decreasing overall, enabling large-scale solar-powered photovoltaic setups. We developed a model for the use of a practical IoT strategy to screen a sun-oriented evaluation of the performance of a solar and wind power system with open-source resources and tools like Arduino and Ubidots. A SaaS (Software as a Service) platform called Ubidots gives a web-based area for tracking the generating parameters. Ubidots offers all services at lower charges, saving you money on website planning and maintenance. We concentrated on creating a system that required the least amount of effort and had an easy-to-use interface so that regular people could install rooftop solar-powered plants and screens without relying on organisations that provide administrative support.
An Automated Irrigation and Monitoring System Using IoT: A Survey
Authors: Thakare Vivekanand , Bachchaw Sanket , Bhoyar Sahil , Raut Sameek , Bansod Tribhuvan
Published: April 2023

The Internet of Things (IoT) is revolutionizing the agricultural business and assisting farmers to overcome the enormous obstacles they confront. Agriculture is a vast area that needs to be studied. About 80% of India’s surface water is used for agriculture. It can be used for a plethora of applications. Proper irrigation is still a challenge in most agriculture practices. Farming is critical to the development of a nation like Ethiopia. Agriculture-related issues have consistently stymied the country's development. The difficulties that the Internet of Things (IoT) may handle, include regulating cattle, sustainability, and plants and soil. The only solution to this challenging problem is contemporary agriculture and technology for sustainable water use by updating traditional agricultural techniques. By solving issues in farming, having to cut IoT applications boosts agricultural production's efficiency, quality, durability, and cost-effectiveness. This reduces the risk of over or under-watering, resulting in healthier plants and higher yields. Today's enormous and tiny farms may apply IoT to monitor the location that may monitor crop development, identify insects, and assess water content as well as their smart linked cultivators and irrigation. Moreover, the system also reduces the need for manual monitoring and intervention, saving time and reducing labour costs. This project improves the watering operation while monitoring soil parameters including water content, temperatures, and conductivity. Node-MCU is applied to make judgements. If there is a deviation from the impact on succeeding, the user is warned by text message. This guarantees the whole system's health and it enables the system to use an appropriate quantity of water which avoids over/under irrigation.
Diskuse nad Dawkinsem
Authors: Doleček Pavel
Published: April 2023

The study reviews following books: Richard DAWKINS, Bož blud: Přin nboženstv těchu, nebo bolest? Praha: Academia 2009, 480 s. (The God Delusion, translated by Zuzana Gabrov with epilogue by Filip Jaro and Stanislav Komrek); HANU, J. - VYBRAL, J. (eds.), Dawkins pod mikroskopem: Diskuse nad knihou Richarda Dawkinse Bož blud. Brno: Centrum pro studium demokracie a kultury 2010. The aim of this study is to overview the debate inspired by publication of the Czech translation of Dawkins' book The God Delusion, whose most complex contributions inspired publication of the book Dawkins pod mikroskopem.
Setkání historické epistemologie a věd o člověku
Authors: Dvořák Tomáš , Balon Jan
Published: April 2023

The paper addresses recent developments in historical epistemology, traces the main inspirational sources that feed this approach, and suggests a possible agenda for closer approximation between historical epistemology and the human sciences in studying thought styles and thought collectives, conceptual and theoretical levels of knowledge and the material culture of science.
Věda, pojmy a sociální prostředí
Authors: Halewood Michael
Published: April 2023

This paper will suggest that the work Alfred North Whitehead (1861-1947) provides a fruitful resource for understanding the philosophical development and validity of scientific concepts through an analysis of their socio-historical location.  The paper will address two key elements of Whitehead’s thought.  One element is "The Bifurcation of Nature" and the paper traces the influence that this conceptual compromise has had on philosophy and science through its reinforcement of the division between the natural and the social sciences.  The second element is the status of abstraction in thought and existence.  The article will outline Whitehead’s argument that it is necessary to pay attention to the social environment which both enables and inhibits thought if historical epistemology is to develop novel yet analytically strong concepts.
Normatívnosť tvrdenia
Authors: Koreň Ladislav
Published: April 2023

My aim in this study is to explain both motivation and main ideas of those philosophical accounts of assertion that take it to be a normative phenomenon. I first draw a map of key ideas pertaining to the problem and localize on it typical normative accounts. Then I take up the issue of what it means to say that assertion is a normative phenomenon, putting forward a speculative-hypothetical reconstruction of the genesis of the assertoric game - or, rather, its protoform - to bring to the fore social-normative aspects characteristic of it. This will provide the basis for a critical comparison of two representative normative approaches to assertion: pragmatic inferentialism of Robert Brandom, and Knowledge Account of Assertion of Timothy Williamson. I shall argue that Brandom's normative approach to assertion is superior, as it much better accounts for a social dimension of assertion that is essential to this language game.
F. A. Hayek a (abstraktní) pravidla
Authors: Svoboda Vladimír
Published: April 2023

The article reflects on Hayek's expositions concerning the nature of rules. It shows that his conception of rules is extremely wide, and that the bond between rules and regularities is too tight. Subsequently an alternative - narrower - delineation of the concept of rule is proposed. In the last part of the paper Hayek's too narrow a conception of normative rules is subjected to criticism and a broader conception is proposed.
Přezkoumání oprávněnosti Kuhnovy kritiky silného programu sociologie vědění
Authors: Benda Libor
Published: April 2023

In his later works, Thomas Kuhn sharply attacks the so-called strong programme in the sociology of knowledge and disavows it thoroughly. This is curious due to the fact that the representatives of the strong programme, by contrast, openly endorse Kuhn and substantially draw on his work. They perceive in it a set of key ideas, which imply the possibility of a sociological analysis of scientific knowledge. The aim of the paper is to reassess Kuhn's criticism of the strong programme and to evaluate its righteousness. For this purpose, the paper first of all reconstructs Kuhn's account of the strong programme, which is compared afterwards with the works of its founders David Bloor and Barry Barnes, where it is theoretically developed. In the following section, Kuhn's arguments against the strong programme are confronted with a historical paper, where it is applied in practice. The third section compares Kuhn's own approach to science with the strong programme in those very aspects, which Kuhn criticises.
Nevidí ten, kdo se jen dívá
Authors: Černý Jindřich
Published: April 2023

Kuhn defended the so-called relativised apriori. Even if the apriori is not taken apodictically, it still preserves a constitutive function. For there is, according to Kuhn, something more to experience than a simple perception. To put the idea in Fleckian terms, to see is to look and to know. We have to know the meanings of "paradigmatic propositions" in order to have an experience. If all observations are "paradigm-induced", different paradigms are constitutive of different experiences. Nonetheless, paradigms are not wholly independent on empirical input. Paradigmatic propositions are of empirical origin: they are, as Poincaré used to say, "hypotheses erected into principles". The role of empirical input in knowledge is hence somewhat paradoxical: it motivates the part of knowledge that is independent on it.
Trojrozměrné písmo
Authors: Dvořák Tomáš
Published: April 2023

The review article of Markus Krajewski's Paper Ma- chines: About Cards Catalogues, 1548-1929 (Cambridge - London: The MIT Press 2011) traces the con- ceptual history of the card catalogue while emphasizing the transforma- tion of library catalogues from bound and printed books into systems of standardized and mobile paper slips. It focuses primarily on the influence of material conditions of knowledge production on the nature of scientific knowledge and its classification - in this regard, it also analyzes the card catalogue system of Niklas Luhmann as an example of three-dimensional writing, in which his theory of social systems is written.
Sociologie vědy a sociologická metateorie
Authors: Petrusek Miloslav
Published: April 2023

This study focuses on various forms of sociological accounts and understandings of science. It demonstrates that as an explanatory topic science enters the field of sociology together with the Enlighten- ment's idea of progress, which is then followed up by Auguste Comte in the early 19th century. However, it had taken many decades before sociolo- gists were able to free themselves of " historicist" ways of thinking, which can easily be traced in Comte's and Marx's writings. Since the 1930s, science has become a distinct research topic within sociology (with Robert K. Merton as a leading figure) that is nowadays more and more in the centre of systematic disciplinary interest (with David Bloor or Bruno Latour as leading figures). In the final parts, the author inquires into the arguments against science and associates these arguments with the transformations of societies. Also the role of sociological metatheory is aligned with the prospects of socio- logical accounts of science.
Žánrová pedagogika a oborová enkulturace
Authors: Hladík Radim
Published: April 2023

The review article analyzes a collective monograph edited by Charles Bazerman, Adaira Bonini, and Débora Figueiredo, Genre in a Changing World (Fort Collins - West Lafayette: WAC Clearing House - Parlor Press 2009). It focuses on top- ics relevant to the significance of gen- res in scientific and academic practice and identifies namely two concomi- tant areas that have been in the centre of attention of scholarly studies using genre as an analytical concept: genre-based pedagogies at university level and disciplinary enculturation. While the first area deals with establishment of boundaries between academic texts and other textual forms, the latter one addresses their internal differen- tiation. The review article emphasizes the demonstrated value of genre- oriented approaches for the research on scientific practices, yet it concludes that there is a need for more thorough appreciation of their epistemological implications.
Fenomenologie a lingvistika
Authors: Pos Hendrik Josephus
Published: April 2023

Translation:Hendrik Josephus POS, „Phénoménologie et linguistique.“ In: Keur uit de verspreide geschrift en van Dr. H. J. Pos. Vol. I. Assen: Van Loghum Slaterus 1957, p. 131–141.
Kronik Hastalığa Sahip Bireylerin Hastalığa Uyumunun Yaşam Kalitesi ile İlişkisi
Authors: BİLGİÇ Şebnem , PEHLİVAN Elif
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Çalışmada kronik hastalığa sahip bireylerin hastalığa uyumu ile yaşam

kalitesi arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı nitelikteki çalışma 02 Şubat- 02 Eylül 2020

tarihleri arasında bir devlet hastanesinde yatarak tedavi gören kronik hastalığa

sahip 155 gönüllü hasta ile gerçekleştirildi. Veriler Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Kronik

Hastalığa Uyum Değerlendirme Ölçeği ve EQ5D Genel Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği ile

toplandı.

Bulgular: Hastaların EQ-5D Genel Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği indeks ve VAS skoru

puan ortalamalarının sırasıyla 0.73±0.21 ve 73.50±1.63 puan olduğu, Kronik Hastalığa

Uyum Değerlendirme Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamasının ise 106.23±19.26

olduğu belirlendi. Hastaların eğitim durumunun, kronik hastalık sayısının, düzenli

sağlık kontrolüne gitme durumu ve diyetine uyma durumunun hastalığa uyumunu

ve yaşam kalitesini etkilediği belirlendi (p
Comparison of Quality of Life and Comfort Levels in Patients with Three Different Chronic Diseases
Authors: AKTÜRK Ümmühan , ERCİ Behice , DURAL Gül
Published: April 2023

Aim: This research was conducted to compare the quality of life and general

comfort levels of patients with three different chronic diseases.

Method: The study was conducted with cross-sectional design. The research

sample consists of adult patients who were treated in the chest diseases service,

hemodialysis unit, cardiology service, coronary intensive care unit of two hospitals.

The study consisted of 466 patients. In the study, data were collected from the

patients with the survey, Quality of Life General (WHOQOL-BREF) and General

Comfort Scale.

Results: In the study, when looking at the effect of the WHOQOL-BREF on

General Comfort level in 3 chronic disease groups, it is seen that the biggest effect

is 21.4% Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease (COPD)patients, this is followed

by Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) patients with 18.2%, Heart Failure (HF) patients

with 14.6%.

Conclusions and Suggestions: In the study, it was found that socio-demographic

characteristics and quality of life affect the level of General Comfort in HF

patients, COPD and CRF patients.
VİRAL ENFEKSİYON İLE ENFEKTE OLAN GEBE KADINLARIN DENEYİMLERİ: NİTEL ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ASLAN DEMİRTAŞ Fatma , MECDİ KAYDIRAK Meltem , OSKAY Ümran
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışma viral enfeksiyonu (HIV, HBV ve HCV) olan gebe kadınların

gebelik boyunca yaşadıkları deneyimleri derinlemesine irdemelek amacıyla planlandı.

Yöntem: Bu çalışma fenomenolojik yöntemin kullanıldığı nitel araştırma deseninde olup evrenini bir üniversite hastanesinin servisinde tedavi gören HIV, HBV

ve HCV’li gebe kadınlar oluşturdu. Çalışmaya viral enfeksiyon tanısı almış, psikiyatrik hastalığı ve iletişim güçlüğü olmayan 11 kadın amaçlı örneklem yöntemi

ile dahil edildi. Görüşmeler araştırmacı tarafından yüz yüze görüşme tekniği ile

yaklaşık 30 – 45 dakikada toplandı.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 11 gebenin viral enfeksiyon tipleri incelendiğinde

8’i HBV(+), 2’si HIV (+), 1’İ ise HCV (+) olarak saptandı. Gebelerin yaş ortalaması

33.27±4.31 ve gebelik haftası ortalaması 34.90±2.54 olarak belirlendi. Kadınlar ile

yapılan görüşmelerden elde edilen görüşme notları kodlanarak konuya ilişkin altı

ana tema ve alt temalar oluşturuldu. Bunlar; ilk tanı ve duygu/ hisler”, “tedavi/izlem/korunma”, “bilgi ve danışmanlık”, “eş, aile ve sosyal destek” ve “gebelik kararı”-

dır. Alt temalarda ise destekleyen kaygı, üzüntü, damgalanma, şok, umut, heyecan

gibi ana temaları destekleyen kodlar yer almaktadır.

Sonuçlar ve Öneriler: Çalışma sonucunda, viral enfeksiyon tanısı alan gebeler şok, üzüntü, utanç ve damgalanma gibi olumsuz duygular yaşadığı belirlendi.

Gebelere sağlık profesyonelleri tarafından tedavi süreci ve sonrası ile ilgili danışmanlık verilmesi gebelerin kaygılarının azalmasını ve gebeliğe ilişkin daha olumlu

deneyimler yaşamasına neden olmuştur.
Geoinformation and remote methods for assessing snow cover pollution (Kyzyl)
Authors: Chupikova Svetlana A. , Chuldum Anatoly F.
Published: April 2023

The article presents the results of the use of geoinformation systems (GIS) and Earth remote sensing (ERS) in the mapping and analysis of snow pollution in urban areas. The research was carried out on the basis of the generated database. The use of geoinformation systems tools allows to create electronic maps to assess the current ecological state of the territory, and the use of ERS data helps to simplify the assessment of pollution levels. Thematic maps have been constructed in the geoinformation environment: the level of lead pollution (mg/kg) (m2 *day) by year, the density of atmospheric dust deposition on snow cover, and others. The assessment of the snow cover pollution of the ERS was carried out on the basis of images from the LANDSAT catalog of the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. The following indicators were calculated: NDSI — normalized difference index, S3 — normalized index, SCI — pollution index. A significant correlation of the NDSI (or S3) index with the concentrations of Mn, Pb and Zn was revealed. The spatial distribution of the values of these indicators is displayed by the kriging method using the available open modules and scripts of the GEE platform. Maps of the spatial distribution of the main chemical elements of solid snow and meltwater sediment were obtained.
The use of INTEGRO GIS in the integrated geophysical study
of the deep structure of oil and gas prospective regions (part 2)
Authors: Bolshakov Egor M. , Biserkin Igor A. , Kupriyanov Ivan S. , Pimanova Nadezhda N. , Sokolova Elena Yu. , Spiridonov Viktor A. , Finkelstein Michail Ya.
Published: April 2023

This article continues a description of the methodological and technological aspects of the constructing physical-geological models of oil and gas promising regions with a help of the INTEGRO GIS tools. The methods are described on the materials of studying the deep structure of the Yenisei-Khatanga regional trough (YKRT).
The first part of the article covered the stages of analysis of the spatial distributions of potential fields and integrated regional profile geophysical data. The present, second, part of the paper describes the process of the YKRT three-dimensional density model construction, which is based on the results of the previous analysis.
ANALYSIS OF NASSAR’S ARABIC TRANSLATION OF FRENCH CULTURE-SPECIFIC ITEMS IN HEMINGWAY'S NOVEL "THE SUN ALSO RISES"
Authors: Mohammed Abdulmajid Fadhl Shaif
Published: April 2023

Translating the cultural aspects of any source language is not easy. Translation problems may vary depending on both the cultural and linguistic gap between the two concerned languages. This study examines the translation of French Culture Specific Items henceforth (FCSIs) into Arabic. It aims to identify the strategies used by the Arabic translator Sameer Ezzat Nassar (2015) in transferring the meaning of the FCSIs in Hemingway's novel "The Sun Also Rises" (1926). This descriptive corpus-based research analyzes the Arabic translation of the FCSIs to examine the strategies followed in translating them. The study has found that conservation strategies (SL-oriented strategies) and substitution strategies (TL-oriented strategies) were used in translation of the FCSIs in the novel. The naturalization strategy was the most frequently followed in Nassar’s translation. This indicates a tendency to create the TL culture in the Arabic translation.
Melanin in the Suppression of Blue/UV Light Induced Retinal Degeneration in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Rao Shalmali , Eliason Jessica
Published: April 2023

The leading cause of visual impairment is age-related macular degeneration (AMD), an irreversible eye disorder that causes permanent blindness. AMD is projected to rise from 196 million to 288 million cases worldwide by 2040. AMD can be caused by high-energy light exposure, which leads to oxidative damage that deforms pigment cells protecting the retina. Like humans, Drosophila melanogaster contain varying amounts of retinal pigment. The purpose and novelty of this research is to ascertain the efficacy of various pigments against blue and UV light, and the relative severity of each light on the retina. Flies were exposed to blue and UV light to induce retinal degeneration, which was quantitatively measured through the FLEYE software by analyzing the irregularity of eye units. Results suggest that more severe retinal degeneration is caused by blue light, followed by UV, then white light across white eyes, red eyes, and sepia eyes (significant p-values of 0.00005, 0.00090, and 0.00014, respectively), and that white eyes undergo the most degeneration when exposed to blue or UV light, followed by red eyes, then sepia eyes (significant p-values of 0.04710 and 0.04765, respectively). However, pigment did not make a significant difference for flies under white light (p-value of 0.06420). Future work could investigate genes or antioxidant supplementation as potential treatments for AMD. This research provides insight into the prominence of high-energy light in inducing retinal degeneration, and the potential for retinal melanin in preventing it, improving the currently limited understanding of AMD.
The Correlation Between Emotional Intelligence and Academic Performance in Undergraduate Students
Authors: Chan Bianca , Pyland Kimberly , Pyland Kimberly
Published: April 2023

A cross-sectional correlational study conducted in Kohat University of Science & Technology investigated the association between emotional intelligence, the capability of an individual to effectively perceive, understand, manage, and utilize his or her own emotions, and academic performance in terms of Cumulative Grade Point Average. The Emotional Intelligence Scale was employed to collect participants’ level of intelligence in the 11 sub-dimensions, and statistical tools such as multiple linear regression and Pearson’s product-moment correlation were used to assess the relationship between the two variables. Findings reveal that there is an overall positive correlation between all sub-dimensions of emotional intelligence and success among undergraduates, though the strength of the correlation varies. Several sub-dimensions have also been shown to predict academic success of undergraduates. Likewise, in another study that measured the relationship between emotional intelligence and job burnout, it was found that an increase in emotional intelligence is directly related to decreased job stress for hospital staff. Overall, research shows that emotional intelligence has a positive influence on life success and is beneficial for excelling in schools and the workplace. Hence, emotional intelligence training should be integrated into the school curriculum at each level to produce emotionally academically competent students. Training students how to understand and manage their own and others’ emotions will prepare them for future career success.
DETERMINING THE EFFECTS OF GUARANA AND NAD+ ON CILIARY DYSFUNCTION OF DUGESIA TIGRINA
Authors: Sharma Suhina
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this experiment is to see how two different stimulants affect Dugesia tigrina locomotion: Paullinia cupana (Guarana) and Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Because of its cilia-like hairs that allow it to move, Dugesia tigrina is an ideal specimen for locomotion research. The planarian body's abundance of cilia and remarkable accessibility make it an intriguing experimental model system for cilia biology. They move by secreting a mucous covering that coats their bodies and allows them to glide around submerged surfaces. Scientists have utilized these species to evaluate dependency since they have a genuine brain that can induce effects similar to neurological impairments in people. Paullinia cupana, a neurological stimulant, was employed in this investigation. Caffeine is primarily responsible for the stimulating effect of energy drinks. One of these components is Paullinia cupana. Paullinia cupana is a plant whose seeds have four times the caffeine content of coffee beans. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is required for a number of cellular processes such as energy generation and repair. A reduction in motility produced by Paullinia cupana or NAD+ may suggest ciliary dysfunction.  It was concluded that the Paullinia cupana stimulant increased the locomotion of Dugesia Tigrina, and therefore performed the best out of the experimental groups. The control group (natural spring water), however, proved to be the overall best solution for mobility. The knowledge gathered from the experiment can be used to bring deeper insight into the field of neurodegenerative studies in translational medicine.
Puzzling Patterns: Exploring the Relationship between Confidence and Filler Words in Teenage Speech
Authors: Bhargava Varsha , Kuscenko Daria
Published: April 2023

The present study investigates whether an adolescent’s confidence in their knowledge correlates to the frequency of filler words in their speech. High school participants (N=31) were presented with two mazes, Maze A to evoke more confidence and obstacle-ridden Maze B to evoke less confidence. Participants submitted Likert Scales regarding their confidence in completing each maze, then completed the mazes. They were then recorded while discussing each maze. Finally, their speech was transcribed and annotated for filler words, marking distinctions between filled pauses and discourse markers. Using this data, a Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient test and a paired t-test were conducted to test the strength of correlation between filler word frequency and confidence. The results of the Spearman Rank test implied negligible correlation between the variables, r(29) = -.1, p = .184. The paired t-test, using an accepted significance level of 0.05, indicated no difference in the means of filler word frequency data before confidence is decreased (M=5.5, SD=2.8) and filler word frequency after confidence is decreased (M=5.7, SD=3.1), t(30) = .3, p = .740). Additional Spearman Rank tests and paired t-tests results on filled pause and discourse marker usage before and after variation in confidence implied that an adolescent’s confidence does not influence the type of the filler word they use. Due to sample size limitations, these conclusions cannot be generalized, so further research is needed, but this data lays the foundation for adaptations to school curriculums and societal perceptions of adolescents.
John F. Kennedy and His Effect on America's Political Sphere
Authors: Steene Luke , Foglesong David
Published: April 2023

This paper explores the life and policies of late President John F. Kennedy and analyzes them in terms of their legacy in American politics and society. One word unequivocally characterizes Kennedy’s presidential term: incomplete. In its less than three years, he faced trouble passing all the needed legislation for his New Frontier program due to a reluctant Congress and foreign entanglements. And when he was finally starting to figure it out, he was assassinated in 1963, dramatically cutting his life short. Although he wasn’t in office for a complete term, Kennedy’s effect on American politics was profound and many of its effects are noted today. This article explores Kennedy’s immediate political legacy regarding how he played a role in shaping his successor’s policies and his lasting impact on the role of image in political debate and campaigning. In further analysis, in which many of the ideas present were gathered posthumously by scholars, it examines the Camelot myth as well as the Warren Commission and how they impacted and still affect the expectations and sentiments of the American public. It then dissects the 1960 Democratic Party’s platform position, the one Kennedy ran under, and discusses how that and Kennedy’s politics influenced democratic leaders and presidents after the assassination. In short, this paper aims to convince the reader that although cut short, John F. Kennedy’s political career profoundly affected Americans at the time, in the decades that followed his murder, and even through the 21st century.
The Only Vertebrate with Clear Blood: The Antarctic Icefish
Authors: Li Bessie
Published: April 2023

Today, the Channichthyidae are regarded to be one of the greatest anomalies in scientific history. As the only vertebrates to have clear blood, the Antarctic Icefish have abandoned a way of life that once supported its ancestors in the past, and one that supports animals in the present. The event that triggered this anomaly was the deletion of the β-globin subunit of the hemoglobin gene, rendering the gene to be completely obsolete. In addition to the loss of the hemoglobin gene, the myoglobin gene was also lost in all of the icefish species. Because Icefish could no longer transport oxygen through their blood, they lost their scales and adapted by diffusing oxygen into their blood plasma through their enlarged gills instead. The Icefish also have antifreeze proteins that bind to ice crystals to hinder their growth. It is in this manner that they are able to survive in the frigid waters of the Antarctic.
Molecular Inhibition of Phagocytosis: Systematic Review of Immune Response
Authors: Leung Sebastian , Kethar Josthna , Appavuu Rajagopal
Published: April 2023

There are many viral variants that bind to sialic acid rather than cleave it on a human macrophage, which inhibits a macrophage’s phagocytosis; for example, the D151G mutant of the influenza virus. Sialic acid must be cleaved in order to initiate phagocytosis, so viral variants that cleave sialic acid can help hasten the cleansing process of the immune system. The process of researching began with the understanding of how sialic acid synthesis occurs and how it inhibits phagocytosis. Next is the understanding of how the enzyme Neuraminidase-1 works in a human macrophage. The function of Neuraminidase-1 is to cleave sialic acid allowing for phagocytosis to occur. Next is the analysis of the molecule 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate which is able to cause more Neuraminidase-1 to be produced and sent to the surface of human macrophages to cleave sialic acid. It has the potential of being used as a drug to stimulate Neuraminidase-1 production and specific activity, so sialic acid can be cleaved therefore the macrophage is able to phagocytize the virus. In vitro results show us that it is able to happen; however, this has not been tested in vivo which shows that the results obtained do not account for the biological factors that occur in the human bodies. 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate has the potential to be used as a drug to speed up the breakdown of viruses that bind to sialic acid, but more research needs to be made with much progress being made.
The Effectiveness of Normalising Neurotrophic Signaling as Treatment Strategies for Huntington’s Disease
Authors: Ng Zita
Published: April 2023

Huntington’s Disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder. It is established that BDNF deficiency and the imbalance of the p75NTR/TrkB expression are responsible for striatal atrophy in HD patients, which collectively provide a molecular explanation to the most significant hallmark symptom of HD - Chorea. Hence, normalising the neurotrophin receptor signalings can be and will be an effective treatment option due to the potential ameliorative effects that it may have on the neuropathological, and physiological conditions of the HD patients.
Approaches Nonprofit Organizations Use to Engage Women in Engineering
Authors: Alvarez-Ortiz Dariana , Lang Luciana
Published: April 2023

The engineering field has one of the lowest rates of female employment. In order to promote women in the field of engineering, many nonprofit organizations have formed with the purpose of increasing female engineers and retaining women already working in the field. The current study explores the approaches nonprofit organizations that promote female engineers use to engage women through semi-structured interviews with representatives and a content analysis of their websites. Findings revealed six major themes: their mission, portrayal of engineering, harassment in the workplace, female role models, community, and member demographic. With the exploration of these themes, it was found that each organization was built on a basis of belonging with each of these themes tying to the idea of allowing women to feel as though they have a place in the engineering field. Each organization had their own unique strategies in order to achieve this goal of “fueling belonging”. Future research should increase the sample size to include more organizations to further identify the approaches these nonprofits use and work in increase the employment of female engineers.
Traumatic Brain Injuries
Authors: Costa Emily , Grisham Candace
Published: April 2023

A traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an injury that disrupts the normal brain function, and is caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head or a penetrating head injury. TBI range from mild concussions, without a loss of consciousness, or to severe TBI, which can result in a deep coma or death. Types of TBI's that patients can sustain include concussions, hematomas, and CTE. The length of time that patients have symptoms depends on the TBI severity, with symptoms lasting a few days or even the rest of patient’s life. Depending on the part of the brain that is injured in the accident, patients will have varying symptoms. This review article covers the different causes, diagnosis, and treatments of TBI’s along with the types of TBI’s that patients can sustain.
Quantum Computing for Self-Driving Cars and Pedestrian Detection
Authors: Mujoo Shuhul , Bhatnagar Usha
Published: April 2023

Quantum computing and self-driving cars are at the forefront of modern-day technological progress. One of the most crucial tasks for the safety of self-driving cars is pedestrian detection, which must be quick and accurate. Due to the enormous amounts of data involved, quantum computers are ideal as they provide exponential speedup. The benefits of quantum are twofold. First, the speed and accuracy of object detection is significantly improved. Second, groups of self-driving cars can communicate effectively with a centralized quantum computer, which leads to path selection efficiency. This paper presents a novel implementation of a k nearest neighbors classification algorithm, in both classical and quantum versions. The experimental procedure is outlined in four steps: data collection, classical nearest neighbor model, quantum nearest neighbors, and a wireless networking framework. The data consists of square grayscale images from the PennFudan (Shi, 2007) and DaimlerMono (Gavrila., 2012) datasets. Both models were tested by running them on testing data independent of training data. The classical model achieved fifty percent accuracy rate, and the quantum model ninety five percent. Due to the unavailability of real quantum computers, runtime was not tested, but theoretical constructs estimate the speedup to be on the order of millions for moderate input sizes. The networking framework was qualitatively analyzed to be feasible and sufficient. The successful implementation of pedestrian detection serves as a proof of concept and can be extended to a broader range of detections. The results demonstrate quantum computers as a possible solution to safe self-driving car technology.
Social and Technological Impacts of Samuel Slater and Eli Whitney’s Innovations
Authors: Wen Shirui , Jeffreys Megan
Published: April 2023

The first American Industrial Revolution was a period of technological innovations that led to the mechanization of American industries along with the proliferation of factories. This essay introduces the inventions and innovations of Samuel Slater and Eli Whitney, and analyzes the effects of their inventions on Industrialization and the textile industry. Eli Whitney and Samuel Slater’s innovations influenced Industrialization in America and mechanized the textile and cotton industry, leading to prominent social impacts such as reorienting the roles of women and increasing the utilization of child labor. This paper will demonstrate the social impacts brough forth by Whitney and Slater’s innovations, while also articulating their impacts on the American Industrial Revolution.
The Role of American NGOs in International Development
Authors: Crasnitchi Emma , Crasnitchi Svetlana
Published: April 2023

In this paper, I will examine the role of American nonprofit NGOs - specifically D.C. located CNFA (Cultivating New Frontiers in Agriculture), Inc. - on the long-run input into agricultural growth and sustainability of third-world countries. Such NPOs render production successful. I surveyed various employees from CNFA to understand the commercial and humanitarian principles behind international development and collaboration with foreign agribusiness companies. I will describe the methods of helping food security, program development, and financing to reduce the cleavage of modern-day society.
Are Hate Crime Enhancements Warranted in American Law?
Authors: Zhang Shengan
Published: April 2023

Hate crimes are crimes that have an unusual bias upon a certain group due to their specific identity. In the American legal system, it has been a long-time controversy surrounding whether a hate crime enhancement is warranted for those classified as such. This paper first seeks to examine the rationality of hate crime enhancements, using established hate crime legislature to analyze its purpose. Then it will apply such a framework to evaluate whether the legislature abides with legal philosophy and constitutional rights through the lens of moral culpability, past landmark cases, and implementation observances. The paper will explain that legal philosophy deems it impossible to assess motive, a key component of hate crimes. It will also challenge the current supreme court and landmark rulings upon hate crime legislature and points out an unconstitutional logical loophole. Flaws of implementation on demographics and due process are also pointed out as limitations. Through the three-prong analysis, although a justification for current hate crime enhancements is present due to the potential physical and mental damages, it is concluded that they are unconstitutional, unwarranted, and must be limited to ensure the justice of the American legal system.
Why does female representation in Mesopotamian art decline from the 3rd to the 2nd millennium BCE?
Authors: Seth Kamakshi , Gajewska Maria
Published: April 2023

As we move from the third millennium to the second millennium BCE, the representation of women in Mesopotamian art substantially decreases. This tendency has been noted by many academics, but the cause has not yet been discovered. With the support of the supposition that a reduction in women's status caused a decline in their representation in art, this study seeks to explain this trend. This paper primarily employs case studies to identify any variations in how women were portrayed before using the information gained to support the hypothesis. The study also gives a background on women's representation in seals and legal codes.
Modern Global Art Groups' Effects on Graphic Design
Authors: Najem Tayf Mohammad
Published: April 2023

The modern era in defining the features of formal and expressive construction and achieves its functional and aesthetic goals. Hence, the research aimed to clarify the formal and organizational variables of graphic designers and their expressive performance and to compare their impact on the methods of artistic movements in the modern era. The research was based on the descriptive analytical approach of a group of samples, from which it came out with a set of results and conclusions, namely: Modern arts contributed to finding new performance standards for the aesthetic process in design, which was limited to the aesthetics of drawing and its techniques to express it to the techniques of collage and photo montage towards expressive metaphor using previously untouched materials. Achieving the formal organization of the elements with the background, whether through mathematical and engineering logic or as a coincidence industry, led to a transformation in the design process and the emergence of a new spatial relationship that directly affected a clear transformation of the design.
The Arab and Islamic Arts' Pressing References to Abstraction
Authors: Najem Sarmad Mohammed
Published: April 2023

The great influence on the cultures of different countries that characterized that stage, because of the Islamic conquests and the adoption of the Islamic faith by many peoples, and their migration to the Islamic cities at that time, accompanied by their art and the methods of its formulation. This brings us to a question about the influential references that call the Arab Muslim artist to opt for the abstract style and adhere to it. This was the problem of the research that was included in the methodological framework, as well as the importance of the research, its aim, its limits, and specifically its terminology. It relied on the indicators of the theoretical framework, which represented the analysis tool, according to which the results of the research were reached and then its conclusions, the most important of which are; (1) The Islamic doctrinal reference was a pressure towards the abstraction style; It is a natural result of the transformation of the Arab from the sensual pagan belief into the spiritual belief of Islam. The expression in the art of what is spiritual - even among non-Muslims, such as African blacks, for example - takes on an abstract character. There was a dislike or prohibition of the simile method; (2) Aesthetic thought is an influential reference, reflected in the artist's output. Its production was based on Islamic aesthetic values: moderation, consistency, proportionality, and organization, in an unremitting attempt to follow the example of divine perfection, which is the secret of beauty.
Applying the Artistic Psychological Painting Course to Improve the Mental Health of Middle School Students
Authors: Xiaohang Yu , Ladin Che Aleha , Dayou Deng , Lei Nie , Zihao Wang , Shuo Wang , Xinghua Li , Qinghong Wu
Published: April 2023

Purpose: This study aims to verify the significance of the Artistic Psychological Painting program for developing middle school students' psychological well-being through an educational program and a multi-factorial experimental design based on feedback from teachers and students.

Methodology: This paper presents the format and content of the Artistic Psychological Painting program to test the program's effectiveness. The subjects were 12-15-year-old middle school students in the first and second grades of Southwest University South China Town Middle School (middle school) in Chongqing, China, and the Artistic Psychological Painting course they took at school.

Findings: The study showed that the Artistic Psychological Painting program positively affected middle school students' emotional intelligence and self-identity. Accordingly, based on the initial definition and exploration of the connotation and extension of the Artistic Psychological Painting curriculum, we have communicated with school leaders, subject experts, in-service teachers, and students to propose the implementation of the "Artistic Psychological Painting".

Recommendation: The program is designed to complement the psychological education curriculum in Chinese public schools and to provide a vision for school-based and community-based curricula.
On the gold content in the antimony and mercury mineralization in Priamurye
Authors: Stepanov Vitali
Published: April 2023

The data on the geological and structural position, composition of metasomatites, ores, and gold content of antimony and mercury deposits and occurrences of the Priamursky gold-bearing area are presented. It was established that the ores of many of them contain native gold, whose concentration reaches commercial values. Some of the gold-bearing antimony and mercury deposits serve as sources of the formation of gold placers. By the composition of ores, near-ore metasomatites and samples of native gold, the analogues of these deposits and occurrences are the famous gold deposits of Yakutia - Sarylakh of the gold-antimony formation and Kyuchus of the gold-mercury formation. It is recommended to audit a number of mercury and antimony deposits and occurrences in the Priamursky province for gold. As a result, it is expected to identify deposits of gold-antimony and gold-and-mercury formation. In addition, occurrences of antimony and mercury may be indicative of the presence of gold-sulfide formation deposits in the bedrock, similar to a large deposit Mayskoye (Chukotka).