bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Posturografia dinâmica computadorizada na avaliação do equilíbrio corporal de indivíduos com disfunção vestibular
Authors: Oda Danielle Tyemi Massukawa , Ganança Cristina Freitas
Published: July 2015

Objetivo Avaliar o equilíbrio corporal de pacientes portadores de disfunção vestibular, por meio da posturografia dinâmica computadorizada. Métodos Estudo com 116 indivíduos com disfunção vestibular periférica, com idades entre 22 anos e 6 meses e 94 anos e 1 mês. Foram submetidos à avaliação otoneurológica completa, avaliação otorrinolaringológica, além da posturografia dinâmica computadorizada com os testes de organização sensorial, controle motor e de adaptação. Resultados O teste de organização sensorial foi o mais sensível para detectar alterações do equilíbrio e a condição 4, em que os pacientes permanecem na posição ortostática, com os pés afastados e sobre os sensores da superfície de referência, com os olhos abertos; condição 5, na qual os pacientes continuam na posição com os olhos fechados e a condição 6, em que os pacientes mantém os olhos abertos e o campo visual sofre deslocamentos anteroposteriores. Nas três condições, a superfície de referência oscila com movimentos similares à gangorra e foram as que os participantes apresentaram maiores dificuldades. Houve maior ocorrência de quedas se compararmos ao risco de quedas, avaliado quando o paciente tem pontuação entre 60 e 69 no índice de equilíbrio, principalmente a partir da condição 4 do teste de organização sensorial e entre os idosos. As mulheres tiveram maior número de quedas durante os testes. Conclusão A posturografia dinâmica computadorizada detectou as alterações relacionadas ao equilíbrio corporal, auxiliando no diagnóstico das disfunções e complementando a avaliação vestibular.
O impacto de atividades linguístico-discursivas na promoção da saúde de idosos de uma instituição de longa permanência
Authors: Souza Isis Aline Lourenço de , Massi Giselle , Berberian Ana Paula , Guarinello Ana Cristina , Carnevale Luciana
Published: July 2015

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o impacto de atividades linguístico-discursivas na promoção da saúde, em um grupo de idosos residentes numa Instituição de Longa Permanência (ILPI), situada no Paraná. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, de caráter qualitativo, realizado com dez sujeitos de idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, residentes em uma ILPI. Foram excluídos da pesquisa sujeitos com limitações linguísticas ou neurológicas. Os dados foram analisados segundo a perspectiva bakhtiniana de linguagem, sendo coletados a partir de entrevista semiestruturada, realizada oralmente e individualmente com os idosos, após a participação deles em 16 encontros de grupo focal. Os resultados permitiram verificar a importância de interação grupal e das atividades dialógicas entre os idosos participantes, uma vez que promoveram experiências de aprendizado, de autoconhecimento e sentimentos de acolhimento e pertencimento. Tais atividades resultaram, também, na participação ativa dos sujeitos em torno da construção de laços sociais, na constituição de sentidos e (re) significações acerca de si e da coletividade. Conclui-se ser urgente o incremento de ações fonoaudiológicas capazes de formular e implantar estratégias de promoção da saúde junto a idosos que se encontram institucionalizados em ILPs. Neste sentido, é necessário que a Fonoaudiologia invista no desenvolvimento de pesquisas em torno de iniciativas que valorizem e promovam práticas dialógicas capazes de empoderar e de garantir autonomia à população de idosos.
Caracterização audiológica de crianças em tratamento oncológico
Authors: Caldas Érica Alessandra , Brito Luciane Maria Oliveira , Caldas Patrícia Andréia , Rocha Savya Cybelle Milhomem , Ferreira Filho Edson Diniz , Chein Maria Bethânia da Costa
Published: July 2015

Objetivo Investigar os efeitos do tratamento oncológico no sistema auditivo de crianças. Métodos A amostra foi constituída por 12 crianças de 2 a 12 anos de idade, com diagnóstico de câncer e indicação para radioterapia associada ou não à quimioterapia. Foram realizadas pesquisas das emissões otoacústicas produto de distorção (EOA-PD) e emissões otoacústicas transientes (EOA-TE), antes e após seis meses de tratamento. Resultados Das 24 orelhas, apenas duas (8,3%) falharam para as EOA-TE e EOA-PD e não foi observada alteração significativa após o tratamento oncológico. Conclusão O tratamento oncológico, durante um período de seis meses, não ocasionou alterações auditivas nesta amostra.
Teste prático das habilidades de manuseio do aparelho de amplificação sonora individual (PHAST): resultados na adaptação e comparação da confiabilidade entre avaliadores
Authors: Ferrari Deborah Viviane , Jokura Pricila Reis , Silvestre Nayara Alessandra , Campos Patricia Danieli , Paiva Paula Maria Pereira
Published: July 2015

Objetivo Avaliar os resultados do “Teste Prático de Habilidade de manuseio do aparelho de amplificação sonora individual AASI (PHAST)” em novos usuários deste dispositivo. Verificar a confiabilidade interavaliadores para o teste PHAST. Análise descritiva, longitudinal de dados de um estudo clínico randomizado controlado. O PHAST foi aplicado em 60 novos usuários de AASI retroauriculares e intra-aurais, imediatamente e cerca de dez dias após a concessão do dispositivo. As avaliações foram filmadas e, posteriormente, analisadas e pontuadas por um ou dois juízes independentes. Aproximadamente 55% dos participantes obtiveram desempenho variando de razoável a ruim. A troca da pilha e inserção do AASI foram as tarefas de maior dificuldade. A pontuação total e das tarefas de “abertura do compartimento de pilha” e “inserção do AASI” aumentaram significativamente entre as aplicações do PHAST, indicando melhora do manuseio ao longo do tempo. O desempenho no PHAST foi correlacionado com a idade dos participantes. A confiabilidade entre avaliadores foi alta e significativa para a pontuação total e para seis tarefas individuais do PHAST. Conclusão Novos usuários exibem diferentes dificuldades no manuseio do AASI, que são maiores nos períodos iniciais de uso. O PHAST pode ser utilizado na clínica audiológica a fim de propiciar um registro mais sistemático de tais habilidades.
Caracterização miofuncional orofacial na síndrome de Parry-Romberg
Authors: Sassi Fernanda Chiarion , Mangilli Laura Davison , Rocha Bruna Rainho , Andrade Claudia Regina Furquim de
Published: July 2015

Objetivo Caracterizar os aspectos miofuncionais orofaciais de pacientes acometidos pela síndrome de Parry-Romberg, por meio de protocolos clínicos padronizados e da Eletromiografia de Superfície (EMGs) dos músculos mastigatórios. Métodos A amostra foi composta por quatro pacientes com síndrome de Parry-Romberg e quatro indivíduos normais, separados em Grupo Pesquisa (GP) e Grupo Controle (GC), respectivamente, pareados por gênero e idade. Os grupos foram comparados em relação ao desempenho na avaliação clínica fonoaudiológica - Protocolo de Avaliação Miofuncional Orofacial com Escores Expandido (AMIOFE-E), registro das medidas de antropometria facial e de movimentos mandibulares e na avaliação instrumental - Eletromiografia de Superfície (EMGs) dos músculos mastigatórios. Para todas as comparações, foi utilizado o nível de significância de 5%. Resultados Observou-se diferença significativa entre os grupos nas variáveis postura/posição e escore total do AMIOFE-E. Além disso, a análise das variáveis categóricas do AMIOFE-E indicou diferença significativa entre os grupos para palato - altura e largura - e comportamento da língua na deglutição e função mastigatória. A análise das medidas antropométricas indicou diferença significativa entre os grupos somente para e lateralidade mandibular à direita. Não foram observadas diferenças para os dados eletromiográficos. Conclusão O presente estudo é o primeiro a avaliar o Sistema Miofuncional Orofacial de indivíduos acometidos pela síndrome de Parry-Romberg, por meio de protocolos padronizados. Os resultados indicam que esses indivíduos apresentam alterações, principalmente quanto à mobilidade mandibular e mobilidade de língua, na deglutição e na função de mastigação.
Análise quantitativa do tempo de trânsito oral e faríngeo em síndromes genéticas
Authors: Sales André Vinicius Marcondes Natel , Cola Paula Cristina , Santos Rarissa Rubia Dalaqua dos , Jorge Adriana Gomes , Berti Larissa Cristina , Giacheti Célia Maria , Silva Roberta Gonçalves da
Published: July 2015

Objetivo Analisar, de forma quantitativa, o tempo de trânsito oral e faríngeo da deglutição em indivíduos com síndrome genética. Métodos Participaram 14 indivíduos com diagnósticos genéticos distintos, confirmados por exame clínico ou laboratorial, idade variando de 4 meses a 7 anos. Foi realizada análise de imagens videofluoroscópicas, por meio desoftware específico, dos tempos de trânsito oral e faríngeo. Após, realizou-se análise estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados Na análise do tempo de trânsito oral (TTO) com líquido constatou-se que dos 11 indivíduos avaliados, 7 apresentaram TTO normal, com média de tempo de 0,75 s e 4 apresentaram TTO alterado, com média de tempo de 5,42 s. Com a consistência pastosa, constatou-se 4 normais, com média de 1,12 s e 8 alterados, com média de 9,54 s. Quanto à análise do tempo de trânsito faríngeo (TTF) com líquido, 7 apresentaram seus valores normais, com média de 0,68 s, e 4 alterados, média de 3,74 s. Com a consistência pastosa, constatou-se 4 normais, média de 0,75 s e 8 apresentaram valores alterados, com média de 3,98 s. Conclusão Os tempos de trânsito oral e faríngeo nas síndromes genéticas estudadas podem ser normais ou alterados, sendo que, neste estudo, encontrou-se significância estatística nos tempos de trânsito apenas na consistência líquida.
Large deformation finite-element modelling of progressive failure leading to spread in sensitive clay slopes
Authors: Dey R. , Hawlader B. , Phillips R. , Soga K.
Published: July 2015

The occurrence of large landslides in sensitive clays, such as spreads, can be modelled by progressive development of large inelastic shear deformation zones (shear bands). The main objective of the present study is to perform large deformation finite-element modelling of sensitive clay slopes to simulate progressive failure and dislocation of failed soil mass using the coupled Eulerian Lagrangian (CEL) approach available in Abaqus finite-element software. The degradation of undrained shear strength with plastic shear strain (strain-softening) is implemented in Abaqus CEL, which is then used to simulate the initiation and propagation of shear bands due to river bank erosion. The formation of horsts and grabens and dislocation of soil masses that lead to large-scale landslides are simulated. This finite-element model explains the displacements of different blocks in the failed soil mass and also the remoulding of soil around the shear bands. The main advantages of the present finite-element model over other numerical models available in the literature are that it can simulate the whole process of progressive failure leading to spread. The finite-element results are consistent with previous conceptual models proposed from field observations. The parametric study shows that, depending upon geometry and soil properties, toe erosion could cause three types of shear band formation: (a) only a horizontal shear band without any global failure; (b) global failure of only one block of soil; (c) global failure of multiple blocks of soil in the form of horsts and grabens.
Porosity and pore size distribution in recycled concrete
Authors: García-González Julia , Rodríguez-Robles Desirée , Juan-Valdés Andrés , Morán-del Pozo Julia M. , Guerra-Romero M. Ignacio
Published: July 2015

The reuse of construction and demolition wastes as replacement for natural coarse aggregate in the production of recycled concrete has been spreading worldwide as a method for recycling waste materials. However, recycled aggregates are of higher porosity than natural aggregates, which can decrease the mechanical properties and durability of recycled concrete. The study reported in this paper compared the porosity and pore size distributions of a control concrete and concretes made with different replacement levels of natural coarse aggregates. The research intended to relate the influence of the aforementioned aspects on mechanical and durability characteristics by assessing the compressive strength and the capillary water absorption of each concrete mix. Although there was a decline in compressive strength, the recycled concretes exceeded the design strength grade of 25 MPa. It was also found that recycled concrete possessed a higher capillary water absorption, which was more pronounced in the short term due to the presence of capillary pores but was less significant in the long term as the presence of macropores in both concrete mixes was very similar.
Exploring Psychological Systems with the 'Method of Units'
Authors: Bespalov B.I.
Published: July 2015

The paper considers the units of psychological systems proposed in the works of the founders of activity theory (L.S. Vygotsky, A.N. Leontiev, S.L. Rubinstein and others) from the perspective of a fuzzy logic model of the unity of opposite sides of the units developed by the author. A clear distinction is drawn between the concepts of 'unit', 'basic unit' and 'cell' of a psychological system. The paper also reviews some goals, outcomes and means of exploring psychological systems with the 'method of units'. This method is aimed at finding com¬ponents in a system that have significant features in common with this system, features which can turn into each other through the 'moments of their equality' or unity. Describing such transitions (for example, of con¬scious actions into unconscious operations) helps to reveal the mechanisms of the corresponding psychological processes. The paper draws a comparison between the 'chunks of information' in cognitive psychology and the 'units of psychological interaction' in activity theory.
Caracterização morfológica e qualidade fisiológica de cultivares de sementes de gergelim
Authors: Silva Edevaldo da , Oliveira Habyhabanne Maia de , Araújo Ladyanny Nyelly Campos , Guilherme Maria de Fátima de Souza , Maracajá Patrício Borges
Published: July 2015

O gergelim é uma cultura oleaginosa adaptada às condições semiáridas de diversas partes do mundo e a demanda pelas suas sementes e produtos está crescendo a níveis nacional e internacional. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar e comparar as características morfológicas e a qualidade fisiológica de dois cultivares de sementes de gergelim (BRS Seda e IAC China) produzidos no Brasil. Foram determinadas as seguintes características biométricas das sementes: comprimento, largura, espessura, alongamento em três orientações, diâmetro médio geométrico, área superficial, volume, esfericidade e densidade volumétrica. Assim como as variáveis relacionadas ao vigor e qualidades fisiológicas do processo germinativo: percentual de germinação de plântulas normais e anormais, índice de velocidade de germinação, tempo médio de germinação e crescimento médio no período de 24h, 72h, 120h, 168h. De acordo com os resultados, as sementes dos dois cultivares de gergelim avaliado possuem algumas características morfológicas estatisticamente semelhantes. Entretanto, houveram diferenças significativas quanto ao percentual germinativo e ao crescimento das plântulas, onde, apesar de ambos apresentarem boa qualidade e vigor fisiológico, as sementes do cultivar IAC China apresentaram melhores resultados.
Association between balance of masticatory muscle activity during usual daily life and transverse craniofacial morphology or tooth contact area in patients with transverse jaw deformity: An electromyographic evaluation
Authors: Saifuddin Mohammed , Begum Shahana , Ueda Hiroshi M , Miyamoto Keisuke , Tanne Kazuo
Published: July 2015

Introduction: It is considered now-a-days that patients with transverse craniofacial deformity might have differences in masticatory muscle activity between both sides; and as masticatory muscle activity takes place throughout the usual daily life; therefore, it might have some relation with the transverse craniofacial morphology. The present study was carried out to find out any association between balance of masticatory  muscle activity during usual daily life and transverse craniofacial morphology or tooth contact area in patients with transverse jaw deformity.Subjects and Methods: All the controls and patients for the study were selected from our staffs and patients coming to Orthodontic Clinic, Hiroshima University Dental Hospital, respectively. Thirteen males and two females (mean and s.d. of ages: 28.6 ± 1.9 years) served as the controls. They had Angles Class I molar relationship, no severe malocclusion, no complaints of temporomandibular disorder (TMD).The patient group was consisted of 10 males and five females (mean and s.d. of ages: 19.9 ± 5.3 years) with lateral shift of the mandible. They had malocclusion such as cross-bite and severe crowding, but no complaints of TMD. Portable digital EMG recording device were used to record the EMG from the bilateral masster and anterior temporal muscles. The diurnal recording was carried out for consecutive 142 minutes and divided into two periods of usual daytime and mealtime for analysis. After the diurnal recording, the subjects were allowed to go back home with the electrodes in position and then nocturnal EMG recording was performed again at night with the usual sleeping posture for 142 minutes. Posteroanterior cephalometric analysis and tooth contact area were measured for all the subjects.Result: No significant correlations were found for both the muscles neither with transverse craniofacial morphology nor with the tooth contact area for all the three periods of usual daily life, although a significant correlation was detected between the A-B distance and AI of the anterior temporal muscle during usual daytime.Conclusion: It is suggested that masticatory muscle activity during usual daily life in patients with transverse craniofacial deformity may not be related only to such factors as skeletal deformity or tooth contact area but governed by other important factors like occlusal interference, premature contacts, instability and so on.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, October 2012; Vol-3, No.1
Prevalence of Dental Health Problems among the Patients Attending in the Orthodontic Department of Dhaka Dental College & Hospital
Authors: Habib Md Ahsan , Rabbani Rashed Md Golam , Hossain Md Zakir
Published: July 2015

Objectives: To know the prevalence & pattern of dental health problems among Bangladeshi people.Study design: Descriptive cross sectional study.Place of study: Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopaedics of Dhaka Dental College & Hospital, Dhaka.Period of study: From September2011 to February2012.Sample selection: In this study, A total number of 500 patients   (250 males & 250 females) were selected from Orthodontic Department of Dhaka Dental College & Hospital.Results: This was a cross sectional study conducted among 500 patients in the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial  Orthopaedics, Dhaka Dental College and Hospital. Gingivitis is the commonest problem in Bangladeshi people according to present study. The second most dental problem is dental caries. The prevalence of orthodontic problems was comparable to the observations made by others. Males and females are equally affected with slight variations in the nature of problems among both genders.Conclusion: Good oral health is essential to improve individual overall health & well-being. We urge to take this information & use it for program planning & advocating for the health of patients, specially for the patients who will receive orthodontic treatment.  Therefore, current orthodontic students should receive more education & training before the management of malocclusion to improve the overall quality of care for orthodontic patients.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, October 2012; Vol-3, No.1
Influence of the size of incisors on the occurrence of crowding
Authors: Islam Md Sayeedul , Hossain Md Zakir
Published: July 2015

Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the influence of the size of permanent incisors on the appearance of the crowding of the anterior segment of dental arches.Materials and Methods: The study included 100 subjects, aged 13-25 years. All the examinees were divided into two groups. The first group comprised 50 subjects (25 males and 25 females) who had marked symptoms of crowding, especially in the anterior segment. The second group comprised 50 subjects (25 males and 25 females) with normal occlusion. The measurement was performed using a digital caliper, 0.01 mm of accuracy. The following parameters were examined: mesiodistal (MD) and labiolingual (LL) diameter of the maxillary and mandibular incisors. The index of the crown of the tooth was calculated using the formula (MD/LL)×100.Results: The results of this study show that the mesiodistal diameter and the index of the crown  of upper and lower incisors has a significantly higher value in both male and female in crowding compared with normal occlusion. In this study, the higher values of the index of tooth crown in patients with crowding, may be due to greater mesiodistal diameter of teeth.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that increased tooth size has a contributory role in dental crowding.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, October 2012; Vol-3, No.1
The nonsurgical Orthodontic correction of a Class III malocclusion Case report
Authors: Islam Md Sayeedul , Hossain Md Zakir
Published: July 2015

This is a case report of a patient with a skeletal Class III malocclusion and maxillary arch deficiency. The patient was treated without extraction or surgery by increasing the maxillary arch length. Protraction of the maxillary complex and A point was the result. Favorable growth of both the maxilla and the mandible resulted in a functional Class I occlusion and an improved skeletal relationship.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, October 2012; Vol-3, No.1
Bangladesh Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Official Publication of Bangladesh Orthodontic Society (BOS) Vol.3(1)
Authors: Hossain Md Zakir
Published: July 2015

Abstract not availableBan J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, October 2012; Vol-3, No.1
Orthodontic Treatment Need in Bangladeshi Young Adults Evaluated Through Dental Aesthetic Index
Authors: Paul Kajol Chandra , Hossain Md Zakir
Published: July 2015

Aim : The objectives of this study were to evaluate the severity of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in Bangladeshi young adults by using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI).Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Government and private college of Dhaka and Netrokona, Bangladesh. A total of 405 students (from 17 to 25 years old) were selected by convenience sampling. Students wearing orthodontic appliance or reporting a history of orthodontic treatment were excluded from the study. Clinical examinations were conducted using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). The chi-square test (x2) was used to compare malocclusion severity. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to compare the changes in DAI scores and the mean DAI scores between various age groups. The t test was used to compare the mean DAI scores between sex groups.Results: 405 college students were examined, 305(75.3%) were boys and 100(24.7%) were girls. Most of the  students 277(68.4%) had DAI scores ? 25 with no or little malocclusion requiring slight  or no  orthodontic  treatment, 76(18.8%) had DAI score of 26-30 with definite malocclusion requiring elective orthodontic  treatment, 34(8.4%) had DAI score of 31-35 with severe type of malocclusion requiring highly desirable orthodontic treatment, 18(4.4%) had DAI score ? 36 with very severe or handicapping malocclusion requiring mandatory orthodontic treatment.Conclusion: The majority of the students in our study (68.4%) required no or little treatment; (12.8%) had definite malocclusion requiring definite orthodontic treatment.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2013; Vol-3, No.2
A dissertation on adolescent compliance with oral hygiene instruction during orthodontic treatment
Authors: Faruk SM Omar , Hossain Md Zakir
Published: July 2015

Objectives: To determine the level of compliance with Oral Hygiene Instruction ( OHI) of 12 to 18 years old adolescent patient receiving orthodontic treatment at Dhaka Dental College and Hospital.Materials and Methods : In this descriptive observational study, a total number of 100 patients (37 boys & 63 girls) were selected (with convenient sampling) from Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Department in Dhaka Dental College & Hospital. As the number of female patient is higher than that of male patient at Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Department in Dhaka Dental College & Hospital and the samples were selected with convenient sampling, the number of female patient was higher in this study.Results: This was an observational study conducted among 100 patients in the department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dhaka Dental College and Hospital. The result of this study indicates that after five month of insertion of orthodontic appliance, 76% patients were good complier with Oral Hygiene instruction (OHI).Conclusion: The insertion of orthodontic appliances can result in changes in the oral environment, such as causing higher concentration of acid-producing bacteria due to the difficulty of performing oral hygiene after the insertion of appliance. Orthodontic appliances can also be associated with white spots, enamel decalcification, periodontal breakdown, and development of carious lesions. Continual plaque build-up may thus jeopardize the continuity of orthodontic treatment and the achievement of successful treatment outcome. So it is very important to give Oral Hygiene Instruction (OHI) at the commencement of orthodontic treatment and close supervision of the patient during treatment.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2013; Vol-3, No.2
Orthodontic management of a case of Class III malocclusion with multiple unerupted teeth in both jaw & retained deciduous teeth : A case report
Authors: Haque Imtiaz Ershadul , Faruk SM Omar , Hossain Md Zakir
Published: July 2015

We describe the treatment of an adolescent girl, age 13 years old, with Class III malocclusion withnmultiple unerupted teeth in both jaw & retained deciduous teeth. Treatment consists mainly of correction of anterior crossbite, extraction of deciduous teeth, surgical exposure of unerupted teeth &orthodontic traction to help eruption, leveling and alignment with Edgewise fixed appliances with multiloop technique. Treatment time required 3years. However the treatment resulted in Class I molar occlusion with proper alignment of  upper & lower anterior segment, an ideal overjet, overbite andincisor angulations.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2013; Vol-3, No.2
Treatment of a Class II Division 2 malocclusion with Cover Bite and Severe Crowding in an Adult patient
Authors: Anwar Nabila , Hassan Gazi Shamim , Ghosh Ranjit , Shajedeen Mahmood
Published: July 2015

This case report describes the orthodontic treatment of an adult patient, who presented an Angle Class II division 2 malocclusion, with deep traumatic overbite, retroclined incisors with proclined left  maxillary lateral incisor and mild gingival recessions. Treatment of an adult Class II patient requires careful diagnosis and a treatment plan involving esthetic, occlusal, and functional considerations. The patient was treated with extraction of four first premolars to relieve crowding, with simultaneous correction of the deep bite by intrusion of the upper and/or lower incisors using fixed appliance mechanotherapy.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2013; Vol-3, No.2
Role of Veterinarian in Animal Welfare Issue: A Global Concept
Authors: Islam M Ariful
Published: July 2015

Animal welfare is the well-being of animals.  The standards of "good" animal welfare vary considerably between different contexts. These standards are under constant review and are debated, created and revised by animal welfare groups, legislators and academics worldwide (Hewson, 2003). It is strongly linked to animal health, which similarly depends on good animal husbandry. Animal welfare is a core mandate of the veterinary community generally and veterinarians individually. This concept is articulated by many veterinary organizations in their Code of Practice, Veterinary Oath or other statements of commitment. Such statements centre on the common theme a veterinarian should be dedicated to the benefit of society, the conservation of animal resources and the relief of suffering of animals and to promote animal wellbeing. As scientific knowledge in the field of animal welfare expands and the expectations of society change in regard to animal care, so the commonly accepted definitions of animal welfare have evolved. Knowledge of animal welfare, particularly those in production is becoming essential to veterinary professionals across the globe.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v13i1.23702Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2015). 13 (1): 1-3
Incidence of Calf Morbidity and Mortality at CIG Dairy Farms of Muktagacha Upazila in Mymensingh District
Authors: Islam MN , Rahman AKMA , Nahar MS , Khair A , Alam MM
Published: July 2015

Calf morbidity and mortality are important causes of economic losses on dairy farms worldwide. An investigation on the incidence of calf morbidity and mortality was conducted on 92 purposively selected CIG (Common Interest Group) dairy farms in Muktagacha upazila of Mymensingh district. A total of 119 calves from the farms were longitudinally followed from August 2014 to November 2014 for major health problems. Representative fecal samples from diarrhoeic calves were tested to identify gastro-enteropathogens associated with diarrhea by rapid detection test kit (Bio K 306). The overall incidence risk of morbidity and mortality were 56.17% and 6.29%, respectively. The most frequent disease syndrome was diarrhea with incidence risk of 34.82% followed by navel ill (7.22%) and pneumonia (6.29%). In addition, fever, arthritis, pica and foot and mouth disease were encountered. The main causes of death in calf were pneumonia (3.739%) and FMD (1.78%). A variety of infectious agents are implicated in calf diarrhea and co-infection of multiple pathogens is not uncommon. The overall prevalence of microorganisms associated with diarrhea was 69.2% in which Clostridium perfringens was the highest (38.5%) within the first month of age. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp within first month of age was 7.7%. In this study, mixed infection with Clostridium perfringens and Cryptosporidium spp or Corona virus was found in 7.7% of diarrheic calves within 10 days of the age. It is now established that calf morbidity and mortality are an important limiting factors for the success of modern dairy farms and accordingly vigorous and comprehensive research should be taken to minimize the problem.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v13i1.23715Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2015). 13 (1): 37-43
Performances of Simental and Crossbreed Ongole in Fattening Beef Cattle Using Cassava Waste
Authors: Candra AA , Sukaryana Y , Noviadi R
Published: July 2015

The purpose of this article was to examine the performance Simental cattle and crossbreed ongol (CO) in Fattening Beef Cattle Semi Intensive Systems Based Cassava Waste. Research was to use of 10 heifer divided into two groups; simental and crossbreed ongol (CO) strain. Heifer were given feed treated with the main feed ingredient cassava waste of skin and combined with the concentrate. The research that was heifer simental better response in Fattening Beef Cattle Semi Intensive System for the increase of body weight 43.7 kg and average daily gain 0.73 crossbreed ongol (CO) 33.3 kg and 0.59 Average daily gain. In this study Simental cows have a better response in feedlot beef cattle kereman system using cassava peel waste as compared to cow's main food ingredients hybrid ongol.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v13i1.23961Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2015). 13 (1): 53-56
Immune response to Vi polysaccharide, heat-killed whole cells, and outer membrane protein of Salmonella typhi
Authors: Hosny Alaa El-Din Shawky , Diab Mohamed Reda , Khattab Rania Abdelmonem , Awad Heba Osama
Published: July 2015

Introduction: Salmonella typhiVi capsular polysaccharide (ViCPS) is a licensed vaccine against typhoid fever in many countries; in Egypt, the killed whole-cell vaccine is still used. In this study, mice were used as an animal model to evaluate the immune response to ViCPS and other S. typhiantigens such as heat-killed whole cells and outer membrane protein (OMP). Methodology: The three antigens were laboratory prepared, injected into mice groups, and the humoral response was evaluated using the indirect whole-cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The sensitivity of this assay was investigated using in situ or pre-heated whole cells as coating antigens. In addition, the effect of the immunization route for ViCPS was examined. Results: Immunizing doses of heat-killed whole cells as well as ViCPS, 2 and 4 µg given subcutaneously (SC) and 4 µg given intraperitoneally (IP), showed significant immune response compared to controls. However, the responses to these doses were not significantly different from each other. The OMP showed a higher significant response. The sensitivity of indirect whole-cell ELISA was enhanced significantly by in situ heat treatment of the coating antigen rather than the pre-heated coating antigen. Conclusions: The three antigens showed significant immune response. The immune response to OMP was higher. Though heat-killed whole cells and ViCPS are almost similar in immunizing level, ViCPS is recommended. The SC route was more immunizing than the IP one. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the indirect whole-cell ELISA technique could be enhanced by in situ heat inactivation of the coating cells.
Essential oils in ocular pathology: an experimental study
Authors: Cannas Sara , Usai Donatella , Pinna Antonio , Benvenuti Stefania , Tardugno Roberta , Donadu Matthew , Zanetti Stefania , Kaliamurthy Jayaraman , Molicotti Paola
Published: July 2015

Introduction: The antimicrobial activity of essential oils (EOs) has been known for ages; in particular, the EOs of Melaleuca alternifolia, Thymus vulgaris, Mentha piperita, and Rosmarinus officinalis have been used for the treatment of fungal and bacterial infections. Methodology: This study focused on the in vitro cytotoxicity to normal human conjunctiva cells and antimicrobial activity of 20 EOs. Results: The oils tested showed no cytotoxic effect at very low concentrations. Rosmarinus officinalis, Melaleuca alternifolia, and Thymus vulgaris L. red thyme geraniol sel oils had good antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. Conclusions: The results of this study are of great interest and may have a major impact on public health, providing useful tips to optimize the therapeutic use of some natural drugs.
The aliens inside human DNA: HERV-W/MSRV/syncytin-1 endogenous retroviruses and neurodegeneration
Authors: Dolei Antonina , Uleri Elena , Ibba Gabriele , Caocci Maurizio , Piu Claudia , Serra Caterina
Published: July 2015

The human genome contains remnants of ancestral retroviruses now endogenously transmitted, called human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs). HERVs can be variably expressed, and both beneficial and detrimental effects have described. This review focuses on the MSRV and syncytin-1 HERV-W elements in relationship to neurodegeneration in view of their neuro-pathogenic and immune-pathogenic properties. Multiple sclerosis (MS) and a neurodegenerative disease (neuroAIDS) are reported in this review. In vivo studies in patients and controls for molecular epidemiology and follow-up studies are reviewed, along with in vitro cellular studies of the effects of treatments and of molecular mechanisms. HERV-W/MSRV has been repeatedly found in MS patients (in blood, spinal fluid, and brain samples), and MRSV presence/load strikingly parallels MS stages and active/remission phases, as well as therapy outcome. The DNA of MS patients has increased MSRVenv copies, while syncytin-1 copies are unchanged in controls. Presence of MSRV in the spinal fluid predicted the worst MS progression, ten years in advance. The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) activates HERV-W/MSRV both in vitro and in vivo. With respect to neuroAIDS, the HIV transactivator of transcription (Tat) protein activates HERV-W/MSRV in monocytes/macrophages and astrocytes indirectly by interaction with TLR4 and induction of TNFa. HERV-W/MSRV can be considered a biomarker for MS behavior and therapy outcome. Regarding MS pathogenesis, we postulate the possibility for EBV of an initial trigger of future MS, years later, and for MSRV of a direct role of effector of neuropathogenesis during MS. Additionally, HERV-W/MSR/syncytin-1 activation by HIV Tat could contribute to the HIV-related neurodegeneration.
Antimicrobial resistance in Helicobacter pylori: current situation and management strategy in Vietnam
Authors: Phan Trung Nam , Tran Van Huy , Tran Thi Nhu Hoa , Le Van An , Santona Antonella , Rubino Salvatore , Paglietti Bianca
Published: July 2015

Increasing antimicrobial resistance to key antibiotics in Helicobacter pylori has become a main cause of treatment failures in many countries, including Vietnam. For this reason it is advisable to perform antimicrobial sensitivity tests to provide more focused regimens for H. pylori eradication. However, this approach is generally unavailable for H. pylori in Vietnam and the selection of treatment regimens is mainly based on the trend of antibiotic use in the population, resistance development in the region, and history of H. pylori eradication of patients. The aim of this review is to examine the current situation of antimicrobial resistance in Vietnam and suggest management strategies for treatment selection.
Artemisinin resistance, some facts and opinions
Authors: Pantaleo Antonella , Pau Maria Carmina , Chien Huynh Dinh , Turrini Francesco
Published: July 2015

Resistance to artemisinin derivatives (ARTs) in malaria disease is currently defined as a delayed parasite clearance following artemisinin combined therapy (ACT). Although ACT is still widely effective, the first evidence of artemisinin resistance was described in 2009 in Southeast Asia. Since then, resistance to ARTs / ACT has been monitored showing an increasing trend. The demonstrated resistance to all drugs that are currently associated to ART, the ambiguous finding that ART resistance is observed only in presence of resistance to the partner drug, the lack of a mechanistic rationale to choose the partner drugs and the lack of markers with known specificity and sensitivity to monitor ART resistance, represent the most worrisome issues.
Fasciolopsis buski infection in a Vietnamese pregnant woman with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Fiamma Maura , Longoni Silvia Stefania , Ngo Thi Minh Chau , Le Phan Minh Triet , Santona Antonella , Ton Nu Phuong An , Paglietti Bianca
Published: July 2015

A clinical case of infection caused by Fasciolopsis buski in a 24 weeks pregnant woman from Vietnam affected by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is reported here. On 22 February 2012 the patient was admitted to Hue Hospital in Hue, Vietnam, with a diagnosis of general illness and suspected acute anaemia. Laboratory analysis indicated possible SLE syndrome and coprological tests demonstrated the presence of F. buski eggs. During hospitalization the patient naturally eliminated the adult form in faeces suggesting the infection had already progressed at least for three months. One month after hospitalization due to the high severity of both SLE and fasciolopsiasis, a medical abortion was carried out and the following day the patient died. Even though infection due to Fasciolopsis buski is rare, this case highlights the importance of an accurate and prompt diagnosis of this infectious agent, which may have saved the foetus and mother’s lives.
Diagnosis of viral gastroenteritis: limits and potential of currently available procedures
Authors: Sidoti Francesca , Rittà Massimo , Costa Cristina , Cavallo Rossana
Published: July 2015

The diagnostic approaches to viral gastroenteritis have evolved substantially over the past decades because of the advances in detection methods, the emergence of new pathogens, and the increase in diarrhea hospitalizations attributed to viruses, especially in young children in non-industrialized countries. Overall, these factors have lead to a relevant improvement of types and operating characteristics of diagnostic methods (including sensitivity and specificity), as well as turnaround time. In this review, clinical and laboratory approaches to the diagnosis of viruses causing gastroenteritis are presented; in particular, specimen collection and detection methods are reviewed and discussed, taking into account performance and limitations.
Vaccination and established microbiological testing is essential in managing cholera and Ebola infection
Authors: Chattaway Marie Anne , Grant Kathie , Connell Steve , Kamara Abdual , Jambai Amara , Alemu Wondimagegnehu , Salter Mark
Published: July 2015

This item has no abstract. Follow the links below to access the full text.
Dedicated to Professor Piero Cappuccinelli: the man for cooperation with developing countries
Authors: Rubino Salvatore , Fiori Pier Luigi
Published: July 2015

This item has no abstract. Follow the lins below to access the full text.
Zika: the new arbovirus threat for Latin America
Authors: Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J.
Published: July 2015

This item has no abstract. Follow the links below to access the full text.
Lessons to learn from MERS-CoV outbreak in South Korea
Authors: Khan Adnan , Farooqui Amber , Guan Yi , Kelvin David J.
Published: July 2015

Since the first identification of Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012 the virus has infected 1289 humans with approximately 40% mortalities. Currently South Korea is experiencing the hospital-associated outbreak of MER-CoV that has infected 126 human cases and 13 deaths, as of 12 June 2015, following the return of a MERS infected patient from Middle East. The episode is characterized unique being the largest cluster of patients linked to the single introduction of virus that involves three generations of virus transmission. Human-to-human transmission though was observed on several occasions in past, it is documented as non-sustainable event. The recent outbreak including the healthcare workers, index case’s roommates and their caregivers, raises several concerns about the infection control practices and timely diagnosis of MERS
L'audio-visuel face à la réalité de la possession
Authors: Pasty-Abdul Wahid Marianne
Published: July 2015

La possession qui intervient dans le théâtre rituel hindou muṭiyēṯṯu' et plus généralement la présence de la divinité dans le corps de son principal ritualiste ne se traduisent pas, à première vue, par des « symptômes » captables à l’œil nu. Pourtant, ses praticiens et spectateurs racontent que le ritualiste se comporte comme seule la possession lui permettrait de le faire. L'ethnologue s'attache alors à documenter ce phénomène sur la base des critères locaux, braquant son objectif vers les détails clés indiqués par les connaisseurs et bravant la foule agitée des dévots pour saisir les instants où la possession est dite se manifester de manière perceptible. Les images captées renvoient toutefois à un registre du visible différent de celui auquel se réfèrent ses informateurs. La réalité de la présence de la divinité transparaît par contre de manière palpable dans les plans qui restituent le contexte dévotionnel, l’imbrication des activités rituelles encadrant la manifestation divine et le langage corporel des dévots lorsqu’ils font face à un homme qu’ils croient être la déesse incarnée. Ces prises de vues parlent, elles, de ce qui n’est pas directement accessible au regard de l’observateur non initié.
Prediction of O-glycosylation Sites Using Random Forest and GA-Tuned PSO Technique
Authors: Hassan Hebatallah , Badr Amr , Abdelhalim M. B.
Published: July 2015

O-glycosylation is one of the main types of the mammalian protein glycosylation; it occurs on the particular site of serine (S) or threonine (T). Several O-glycosylation site predictors have been developed. However, a need to get even better prediction tools remains. One challenge in training the classifiers is that the available datasets are highly imbalanced, which makes the classification accuracy for the minority class to become unsatisfactory. In our previous work, we have proposed a new classification approach, which is based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) and random forest (RF); this approach has considered the imbalanced dataset problem. The PSO parameters setting in the training process impacts the classification accuracy. Thus, in this paper, we perform parameters optimization for the PSO algorithm, based on genetic algorithm, in order to increase the classification accuracy. Our proposed genetic algorithm-based approach has shown better performance in terms of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve against existing predictors. In addition, we implemented a glycosylation predictor tool based on that approach, and we demonstrated that this tool could successfully identify candidate glycosylation sites in case study protein.
Echocardiographic Assessment of the Right Ventricle, from the Conventional Approach to Speckle Tracking and Three-Dimensional Imaging, and Insights into the “Right Way” to Explore the Forgotten Chamber
Authors: Kossaify Antoine
Published: July 2015

Background

The right ventricle (RV) has an essential function in cardiovascular physiology and pathology. Currently, it is gaining an increasing interest given its recognized role in many cardiovascular conditions. However, echocardiographic assessment of the RV in daily practice is frequently based on qualitative estimation, and it has been regarded as a neglected chamber.

Objective

We sought to review and discuss the appropriate approach and latest methods of assessment of the RV by echocardiography.

Methods

A MEDLINE/Pubmed search was performed, and 55 relevant articles were selected; articles addressing right ventricular assessment by echocardiography, along with the latest recommendations, have been reviewed and discussed.

Results

A RV diameter >42 mm at the base and >35 mm at the mid-cavitary level indicates right ventricular dilatation; a longitudinal myocardial velocity (S′) <9.5 mm/s, a tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion <17 mm, and a fractional area change <35% are indices of right ventricular systolic dysfunction. A right ventricular ejection fraction of >45% and an absolute value of global longitudinal strain of >21% reflect normal systolic function. The significance of dp/dt, the right myocardial performance index and isovolumic myocardial acceleration, is also discussed along with the parameters of right ventricular diastolic function. The use of novel echocardiographic approaches, such as three-dimensional echo and speckle tracking imaging, allows practitioners to overcome the challenges encountered with conventional echocardiography.

Conclusion

Accurate assessment of the RV by echocardiography yields early detection of cardiac diseases, enhances risk stratification, and allows timely initiation of appropriate therapy.