bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
National Trends in Pediatricians’ Practices and Attitudes About Breastfeeding: 1995 to 2014
Authors: Feldman-Winter Lori , Szucs Kinga , Milano Aubri , Gottschlich Elizabeth , Sisk Blake , Schanler Richard J.
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has affirmed breastfeeding as the preferred method of infant feeding; however, there has been little systematic examination of how pediatricians’ recommendations, affiliated hospitals’ policies, counseling practices, and attitudes toward breastfeeding have shifted over the past 2 decades. These trends were examined from 1995 to 2014.

METHODS

Data are from the Periodic Survey (PS) of Fellows, a nationally representative survey of AAP members. PS #30 (1995; response rate = 72%; N = 832), PS #57 (2004; response rate = 55%; N = 675), and PS #89 (2014; response rate = 51%; N = 620) collected demographics, patient and practice characteristics, and detailed responses on pediatricians’ recommendations, affiliated hospitals’ policies, counseling practices, and attitudes toward breastfeeding. By using bivariate statistics and logistic regression models, the analysis investigated changes over time with predicted values (PVs).

RESULTS

From 1995 to 2014, more pediatricians reported their affiliated hospitals applied for “baby-friendly” designation (PV = 12% in 1995, PV = 56% in 2014; P < .05), and more reported that they recommend exclusive breastfeeding (65% to 76% [P < .05]). However, fewer respondents indicated that mothers can be successful breastfeeding (PV = 70% in 1995, PV = 57% in 2014; P < .05) and that the benefits outweigh the difficulties (PV = 70% in 1995, PV = 50% in 2014; P < .05). Younger pediatricians were less confident than older pediatricians in managing breastfeeding problems (P < .01).

CONCLUSIONS

Pediatricians’ recommendations and practices became more closely aligned with AAP policy from 1995 to 2014; however, their attitudes about the likelihood of breastfeeding success have worsened. These 2 divergent trends indicate that even as breastfeeding rates continue to rise, continued efforts to enhance pediatricians’ training and attitudes about breastfeeding are necessary.
Child Abuse: Overview and Evaluation
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: November 2021

Click here to purchase. Get practical and essential evidence-based guidelines and AAP references for evaluating and treating sentinel injuries, physical abuse, and sexual abuse.
Pediatric ICD-10-CM Coding 2020, 5th Ed
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Coding and Nomenclature
Published: November 2021

Now in it's 5th edition, the completely updated set of pediatric ICD-10-CM codes condenses the vast set of diagnostic codes down to a more manageable number for pediatric coders, billers and providers.
Berkowitz’s Pediatrics
Authors: Berkowitz Carol D.
Published: November 2021

The reference of choice for pediatricians, residents, and medical students, this revised and expanded sixth edition provides clear, practice-oriented guidance on the core knowledge in pediatrics. Edited by a leading primary care authority with more than 100 contributors, this edition provides comprehensive coverage of hundreds of topics ranging from asthma and urinary tract infections to toilet training and adolescent depression. View a message from Dr Berkowitz. Available for purchase at https://www.aap.org/Berkowitzs-Pediatrics-6th-Edition-Paperback (NOTE: This book features a full text reading experience. Click a chapter title to access content.)
The New Baby Blueprint
Authors: Casares Whitney
Published: November 2021

New mothers will find a modern, empathetic guide to preparing for a new baby and the first few days, weeks, and months as a parent.

https://shop.aap.org/the-new-baby-blueprint-paperback/
Sexual Orientation and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents
Authors: Luk Jeremy W. , Gilman Stephen E. , Haynie Denise L. , Simons-Morton Bruce G.
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVES

Sexual orientation disparities in adolescent depressive symptoms are well established, but reasons for these disparities are less well understood. We modeled sexual orientation disparities in depressive symptoms from late adolescence into young adulthood and evaluated family satisfaction, peer support, cyberbullying victimization, and unmet medical needs as potential mediators.

METHODS

Data were from waves 2 to 6 of the NEXT Generation Health Study (n = 2396), a population-based cohort of US adolescents. We used latent growth models to examine sexual orientation disparities in depressive symptoms in participants aged 17 to 21 years, conduct mediation analyses, and examine sex differences.

RESULTS

Relative to heterosexual adolescents, sexual minority adolescents (those who are attracted to the same or both sexes or are questioning; 6.3% of the weighted sample) consistently reported higher depressive symptoms from 11th grade to 3 years after high school. Mediation analyses indicated that sexual minority adolescents reported lower family satisfaction, greater cyberbullying victimization, and increased likelihood of unmet medical needs, all of which were associated with higher depressive symptoms. The mediating role of cyberbullying victimization was more pronounced among male than female participants.

CONCLUSIONS

Sexual minority adolescents reported higher depressive symptoms than heterosexual adolescents from late adolescence into young adulthood. Collectively, low family satisfaction, cyberbullying victimization, and unmet medical needs accounted for >45% of differences by sexual orientation. Future clinical research is needed to determine if interventions targeting these psychosocial and health care–related factors would reduce sexual orientation disparities in depressive symptoms and the optimal timing of such interventions.
Timing of Puberty Suppression and Surgical Options for Transgender Youth
Authors: van de Grift Tim C. , van Gelder Zosha J. , Mullender Margriet G. , Steensma Thomas D. , de Vries Annelou L.C. , Bouman Mark-Bram
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVES

Puberty suppression (PS) is a cornerstone of treatment in youth experiencing gender dysphoria. In this study, we aim to inform prescribing professionals on the long-term effects of PS treatment on the development of sex characteristics and surgical implications.

METHODS

Participants received PS according to the Endocrine Society guideline at Tanner 2 or higher. Data were collected from adolescents who received PS between 2006 and 2013 and from untreated transgender controls. Data collection pre- and post-PS and before surgery included physical examination and surgical information.

RESULTS

In total, 300 individuals (184 transgender men and 116 transgender women) were included. Of these, 43 individuals started PS treatment at Tanner 2/3, 157 at Tanner 4/5, and 100 used no PS (controls). Breast development was significantly less in transgender men who started PS at Tanner 2/3 compared with those who started at Tanner 4/5 and controls. Mastectomy was more frequently omitted or less invasive after PS. In transgender women, the mean penile length was significantly shorter in the PS groups compared with controls (by 4.8 cm [Tanner 2/3] and 2.1 cm [Tanner 4/5]). As a result, the likelihood of undergoing intestinal vaginoplasty was increased (odds ratio = 84 [Tanner 2/3]; odds ratio = 9.8 [Tanner 4/5]).

CONCLUSIONS

PS reduces the development of sex characteristics in transgender adolescents. As a result, transgender men may not need to undergo mastectomy, whereas transgender women may require an alternative to penile inversion vaginoplasty. These surgical implications should inform decision-making when initiating PS.
Mental Health of Transgender Children Who Are Supported in Their Identities
Authors: Olson Kristina R. , Durwood Lily , DeMeules Madeleine , McLaughlin Katie A.
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

Transgender children who have socially transitioned, that is, who identify as the gender “opposite” their natal sex and are supported to live openly as that gender, are increasingly visible in society, yet we know nothing about their mental health. Previous work with children with gender identity disorder (GID; now termed gender dysphoria) has found remarkably high rates of anxiety and depression in these children. Here we examine, for the first time, mental health in a sample of socially transitioned transgender children.

METHODS

A community-based national sample of transgender, prepubescent children (n = 73, aged 3–12 years), along with control groups of nontransgender children in the same age range (n = 73 age- and gender-matched community controls; n = 49 sibling of transgender participants), were recruited as part of the TransYouth Project. Parents completed anxiety and depression measures.

RESULTS

Transgender children showed no elevations in depression and slightly elevated anxiety relative to population averages. They did not differ from the control groups on depression symptoms and had only marginally higher anxiety symptoms.

CONCLUSIONS

Socially transitioned transgender children who are supported in their gender identity have developmentally normative levels of depression and only minimal elevations in anxiety, suggesting that psychopathology is not inevitable within this group. Especially striking is the comparison with reports of children with GID; socially transitioned transgender children have notably lower rates of internalizing psychopathology than previously reported among children with GID living as their natal sex.
2021 Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Consensus Recommendations on the Use of P2Y12 Receptor Antagonists in the Asia-Pacific Region: Special Populations
Authors: Tan Jack Wei Chieh , Chew Derek P , Tsui Kin Lam , Tan Doreen , Duplyakov Dmitry , Hammoudeh Ayman , Zhang Bo , Li Yi , Xu Kai , Ong Paul J , Firman Doni , Gamra Habib , Almahmeed Wael , Dalal Jamshed , Tam Li-Wah , Steg Gabriel , Nguyen Quang N , Ako Junya , Al Suwaidi Jassim , Chan Mark , Sobhy Mohamed , Shehab Abdulla , Buddhari Wacin , Wang Zulu , Fong Alan Yean Yip , Karadag Bilgehan , Kim Byeong-Keuk , Baber Usman , Chin Chee Tang , Han Ya Ling
Published: November 2021

Advanced age, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease not only increase the risk for ischaemic events in chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) but also confer a high bleeding risk during antiplatelet therapy. These special populations may warrant modification of therapy, especially among Asians, who have displayed characteristics that are clinically distinct from Western patients. Previous guidance has been provided regarding the classification of high-risk CCS and the use of newer-generation P2Y12 inhibitors (i.e. ticagrelor and prasugrel) after acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in Asia. The authors summarise evidence on the use of these P2Y12 inhibitors during the transition from ACS to CCS and among special populations. Specifically, they present recommendations on the roles of standard dual antiplatelet therapy, shortened dual antiplatelet therapy and single antiplatelet therapy among patients with coronary artery disease, who are either transitioning from ACS to CCS; elderly; or with chronic kidney disease, diabetes, multivessel coronary artery disease and bleeding events during therapy.
Percepción de los usuarios sobre la calidad del servicio de atención en ventanilla del departamento de registro de la Universidad Nacional
Authors: Acuña Castro Yolanda
Published: November 2021

Este artículo versa sobre la percepción que tiene el usuario sobre la calidad del servicio que se brinda en el área de atención al público en el Departamento de Registro de la Universidad Nacional. Es importante destacar que se concluye que el servicio que se brinda es bueno, no obstante  se determina que existen serios problemas en cuanto al apoyo logístico se refiere. Así mismo se presenta una propuesta de capacitación para los funcionarios de dicho Departamento.
IMPLEMENTASI KARAGUL-SAHIN APPROXIMATION METHOD UNTUK MEMINIMALISASI BIAYA PENDISTRIBUSIAN AIR PADA MASALAH TRANSPORTASI
Authors: Basriati Sri , Safitri Elfira , Nusantoro Dinda Kurniyawan
Published: November 2021

Transportation problems such as transportation activities and allocation to reach consumers is one of the factors that determine the level of satisfaction. To find the level of customer satisfaction, it requires an appropriate and efficient transportation model. One of which is in the Air Minum Mata Air Sikumbang business owned by Mr. Zulfikar, located in Rumbio, Kampar. Based on the results of the study the cost of distributing drinking water is still not efficient because it still uses estimation and there is no separate technique used to allocate water distribution. The solution made in this study using the Karagul-Sahin Approximation Method for the initial basic feasible solution and Stepping Stone for the optimal solution value so as to obtain the distribution of water at a minimum cost. Based on research using the method of  Karagul-Sahin Approximation and Stepping Stone, a weekly cost savings of Rp.469.515,00 is obtained.
Tematyka i język współczesnych felietonów na przykładzie zbioru „Więcej niż możesz zjeść. Felietony parakulinarne” Doroty Masłowskiej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Paszek Karolina
Published: November 2021

The research material is a collection of articles by Dorota Masłowska, published in the „Zwierciadło” (in 2011–2013), More than you can eat (Paraculinary Columns). The aim of the work is to try to show that the columns present today’s reality as an individual journey full of various tastes, smells, textures and colors. The author of the article tries to prove that Masłowska, through carefully selected words and a linguistic stylization similar to a talk, suggestively, with characteristic irony and sarcasm, shows the wrongness of certain positions and commonly accepted truths. The taste and culinary preferences in the columns are only a pretext for deeper, sociological considerations, the aim of which is to disenchant the stable understanding of reality in favor of noticing a different world, non-linear, multifaceted and multi-element, which the reader can shape according to his own „self”.
Jana Potockiego redaktorskie wizje i rewizje, czyli o pracy w petersburskim tygodniku „Journal du Nord”
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Kupiszewska Anna
Published: November 2021

In article is presented lasting few months activity of Jan Potocki as a chief editor of „Journal du Nord” weekly, which was issued in St. Petersburg as an press authority of Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Anti-Napoleonic – at the begin – course of newspaper – convergent with count`s view, his faith in power of public opinionand the hope for function in Asiatic Department, supported by his previous experience as editor – caused that he started to fulfil his tasks with energy and enthusiasm. The author have prepared the ambitious plan of creating modern periodical, which could be the space for mature debate and discussion on current political topics and the same time resist the Napoleonic propaganda. But Potocki very quickly had opportunity to realize himself the difference between leading the private magazine and working in official goverment periodical.
Преса як засіб національної самоідентифікації в умовах мультикультурного суспільства Буковини кінця ХІХ – початку ХХ століть
Authors:   Чернівецький національний університет ім. Ю. Федьковича, Украина, Гринівський Тарас , Пазюк Роман ,   Чернівецький національний університет ім. Ю. Федьковича, Украина
Published: November 2021

The article reviews the Bukovinian press at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The subject of the analysis is the periodicals of various nationalities (in Ukrainian, German, Romanian and Polish), promoting the ideas of national identity and the consolidation of the population in the conditions of the coexistence of many cultures. The history of journalism and printing in Bukovina covers a period of over two centuries, which consists of successive stages of rapid development, numerous transformations, and finally decay. In its long duration it contributed to the development of the multinational culture of this land; the then press and books are characterized by linguistic polyphony, there are publications in German, Ukrainian (Ruthenian, Ruthenian), Romanian, Polish and Yiddish. Numerous publishing houses and printing houses had multilingual projects to their credit, for example, it happened that one title was published simultaneously in several language versions. The Austro-Hungarian period was exceptionally favorable for such initiatives, as the empire pursued a policy of tolerance and democracy towards the peoples inhabiting its territory. The legacy of this time, although quite extensive, has not yet been fully explored. Although there are works on the history of the press and books of specific nationalities, there is still no comprehensive analysis that would include multilingual publishing production. Therefore, the main aim of the article was a statistical comparison and analysis of the multilingual Bukovinian press in the context of the growth of national identity and educational movements of national societies at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The research aims to: define the role of national and educational societies in Bukovina in the process of shaping the national identity of the local population; the selection of periodicals that acted as organs of various national and international ideas; general characteristics of the ideas, topics and types of the most famous publications in different languages in the light of their educational role. The subject and subject literature included multilingual publications from the indicated period, memories of participants in national movements, as well as research by contemporary and contemporary scientists on the history of the Bukovinian press and the general history of printing.
On the Possibility of a Microwave Approach for Rooms and Objects Sterilization
Authors: MA Cutolo , A Migliaccio , C Altucci , A Cutolo , A Cusano
Published: November 2021

It is well known that the heat is an enemy of both virus and microbes. Starting from this consideration we discuss the possibility of using a microwave approach for a safe and cheap sterilization of closed rooms.
The Era of Transformation in the History of Europe from the Point of View of Civilizational Content
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, Russian Federation, Pikov Gennadiy
Published: November 2021

One of the most studied, debated, noticeable and important gaps in history is the transition period between the Middle Ages and Modern Times. This is primarily due to the specifics of the civilizational development of Europe in this period. It is almost universally accepted that its essence is connected with the transition from feudalism to capitalism. This era is ‘transitional’ and includes many different transformations: cultural, mental economic, political, when instead of an ethno-political space, a national-political world is formed. Therefore, it makes sense to call it so — the era of transformation, when the agrarian economy is transformed into a post-agrarian one, although not yet ‘industrial’, ‘pagan’ culture comes out from the ‘underground’ and actively pushes the Christian religion-ideology, ‘A Christian’ becomes a ‘free person’, etc. It is during this period that civilizationally significant processes begin and end: - The Renaissance, the Reformation, and the Counter-Reformation are coming to an end. - There is basically a ‘progressive’ stage of absolutism. - All means of ‘feudal redistribution’ of Europe have been exhausted (The Italian Crusades, the Thirty Years’ War). - The final division into ‘national states’ takes place. - Geographical discoveries are being fully completed. - In general, the first stage of the technical revolution is coming to an end. - A new bourgeois type of man is being actively formed. This article offers a brief analysis of this period as a special Era of Transformation, within which complex processes take place: Renovatio – as a ‘return’ to the state of culture ‘before the fall’ (first of all, ancient); Reformatio – as a ‘return’ to the ‘correct’ form of Christianity (‘early Christianity’); Revolutio – as a ‘return’ to the ‘correct’ form of government (a wide range from the ‘Roman Republic’ to the traditional German community or the Old Testament model). They are difficult to relate, they do not go synchronously, during the period they significantly change their meaning, at the same time, the logic of civilizational development implies a movement from Renovatio to Revolutio, from cultural deformations and changes to the replacement of the social system.
Memorial Museum: Existential Optics of Space
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Saint Petersburg, Letyagin Lev
Published: November 2021

The modern museum is not only in the sphere of mass interests, but also serves as a reflection and expression of certain mass trends. While maintaining the status of a classical cultural institution, it was to a large extent precisely the museum that has become an arena of public discord on determining the strategies of cultural reproduction. This issue gains a pronouncedly contentious character due to the rapid development of information formats of traditional leisure now including interactive technologies, arbitrary historical reconstructions, elements of theatricalization. In “Escape from Amnesia” (A. Huyssen) the ‘society of total spectacle’ demands searching for new means, which often contribute to loss and substitution of values. The visitor’s interest towards the history of the quotidian greatly influences the dynamics of changing the creative potential of a museum, predominantly a memorial museum. Long-term practices of modeling the historical space reveal the internal form of the concept of ‘ex-position’. This is the natural cause of an internal conflict, when being ‘arranged in a straight line’ replaces the principles of accurate and documentally verified positioning of memorial objects. ‘Museumness’ should not supplant ‘the quotidian’, ‘the existential’; however, the functional principle of arranging the objects, their ‘pattern’ is often replaced by the composite approach, in which ‘decorative’ or ‘design’ solutions become dominant. This trend actively competes with the key theoretical foundations of museum source studies, and the traditional museum is increasingly transforming into a kind of parallel model of culture. The memorial object, as a fact of intellectual history, is significant within the material culture and spiritual heritage. At the same time, the alleged meanings and false semiotization often substitute the biographical realities, when ‘fit for exposition’ is everything that the mass museum visitor connects in his mind with his arbitrary understanding of the past. These are key aspects of the subject of modern museum criticism. This article discloses our understanding of the memorial exposition as a self-organizing system with a certain aesthetic code. Methodologically significant is the existential turn towards ‘evidence paradigm’ – giving up the impersonal demonstration of old things. This is a turn towards the model ‘things-speak’ (self-awareness, self-disclosure of things) – towards the structure that communicates ideas and life meanings. It is where the memorial object, understood as ‘message’, ‘material communication’, can disclose the fullness of its historical authenticity.
From Crisis to Rebirth: Modern Museums as Assessed by Specialists
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Saint Petersburg, Sholomova Tatyana
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to conflicting assessments of the state of the museum in contemporary museum criticism: museums are experiencing either a protracted crisis or the Golden Age. The public is also criticized: people prefer to come to museums in order to be entertained with the help of new technologies and to achieve a scientific goal, and not in order to fulfill their civic duty (appreciating national treasure). In general, among the objectives of the museum (to form a “national imaginary”, to support a state ideology, to serve as a scientific and educational center, to entertain and give pleasure), the aesthetic is in the last place, but the current negative views about the state of a museum as a sociocultural institution are caused by the general suspicion that aesthetics has come to the fore as the most important factor. In order to correctly assess what is happening, modern approaches to the duties of the museum and the needs of the general public need to take the existing points of view on this subject in both Russian and international specialized literature into account. The analysis of the situation also involves data from Internet resources specializing in reporting on the modern art market, which is closely tied to museum politics. The article compares various approaches to the current situation: the goals and objectives historically attributed to the museum, a review of current exhibitions and of the technology used, a change in museum policy as a whole (in particular the fact that what was considered a profanation of a great idea 10 years ago has become a cultural norm today). Based on the results of the study, the following conclusion can be made: modern museums are indeed extremely commercialized. The most unexpected souvenirs are sold in museum stores. Para-museums openly parasitize on the tourist flow of large museums. More than that, nobody thinks twice about making a profit in any possible way, while simultaneously grumbling about the fall in cultural demands of the public. However, interest in museums among the general population remains unchanged, so asserting the widespread crisis of the modern museum is a very big stretch.
Çevreci organik üst yüzey işlem maddesinin ahşap malzemede uygulanması ve bazı yüzey özelliklerine etkisi
Authors: ATILGAN Abdi , PEKER Hüseyin , ATAR Musa
Published: November 2021

Bu çalışmada, organik reçinelerden geliştirilmiş, sertleştirici ve zararlı solvent içermeyen, gıda ve ilaç temasına uygun, reçine lakının ahşap malzemede uygulanması ve akabinde ahşabın renk ve parlaklık değişimlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ağaç türü olarak sarıçam (Pinus Sylvestris L.), Doğu kayını (Fagus Orientalis L.) ve Anadolu kestanesinden (Castanea sativa Mill.) hazırlanan örnekler ASTM-D 3023 esaslarına göre reçine lakı ile kaplandıktan sonra, 60, 80 ve 100 °C sıcaklıklarda sertleşmesi sağlanmıştır. Reçine lakı ile kaplanan örneklerde toplam renk değişimi ASTM D 2244-2 standardı, parlaklık (Gloss) değerlerinde ise TS EN ISO 2813 standardı esas alınmıştır. Elde edilen verilere göre; toplam renk değişimi (∆E), ağaç türleri arasında en yüksek sarıçam, en düşük kestanede, kurutma sıcaklık derecesi bakımından ise en yüksek 100 °C, en düşük 60 °C, ağaç türü ve kurutma sıcaklığı etkileşimi düzeyinde en yüksek sarıçam 100 °C de (54.80), en düşük kestane 60 °C’de (29.60) ölçülmüştür. Parlaklık değişimi 60°’lik açıda en yüksek sarıçamda (86.98 Gloss), en düşük kestanede (82.37), kurutma sıcaklığı düzeyinde en yüksek 80 oC, en düşük 100 oC, ağaç türü kurutma sıcaklığı etkileşimi düzeyinde en yüksek sarıçamda (80°C-95.10), en düşük sarıçamda (100 °C-79.33) belirlenmiştir. Reçine lakının yüzeyde sertleşmesinde, kurutma sıcaklık derecesi yükseldikçe ağaç türlerinde toplam renk değişiminin arttığı, parlaklığın ise azaldığı tespit edilmiştir.
İkinci derece zaman gecikmeli modeller için kesir dereceli oransal-integral denetleyici tasarımında analitik yaklaşım
Authors: ŞENOL Bilal , DEMİROĞLU Uğur , MATUŠŮ Radek
Published: November 2021

Bu yayın, ikinci derece zaman gecikmeli modellerin kararlılık ve dayanıklı performansı için kesir dereceli oransal-integral denetleyicinin adım adım tasarımına odaklanmaktadır. Analitik olarak elde edilmiş denklemler genelleştirilmiştir ve söz konusu modeller için kullanılabilir. Yöntemin ana hedefi, Bode çizimindeki kazanç ve faz kesim frekansları arasında kalan faz eğrisini düzleştirmektir. Bu şekilde, kazanç değişimlerine karşı dayanıklılık sağlanacaktır. Bunun yanısıra, tüm sistemin kararlılığı temin edilecektir. Tasarım aşamasında, literatürde var olan çalışmaların aksine sadece kazanç kesim frekansı değil, kazanç ve faz kesim frekanslarının her ikisi de ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca, faz düzleştirme işlemi faz türevinin sıfıra eşitlenmesi ile sağlanmamıştır. Bu yayın, probleme farklı bir bakış açısı getirmektedir. İki farklı denetleyici hesaplanmıştır. İlk denetleyici, istenen kazanç kesim frekansı ve faz payı özelliklerini sağlamaktadır. İkinci ise faz kesim frekansı ve kazanç payını temin etmektedir. Daha sonra bu denetleyiciler bağlanmıştır ve her iki durumu da sağlayan tek bir denetleyici elde edilmiştir. Önerilen denklemler, literatürden iki farklı model üzerine uygulanmış ve sonuçlar grafiksel olarak verilmiştir.
Ekolojik sürdürülebilirlik kavramının 3B gölge analizi tekniği ile irdelenmesi: Amasya Üniversitesi Hâkimiyet Yerleşkesi örneği
Authors: KURT KONAKOĞLU Sultan Sevinç , KESKİNER Mustafa
Published: November 2021

Çalışmada; küçük ölçekte kent modeli olarak değerlendirilen üniversite yerleşkesi ele alınarak Amasya ili Merkez ilçe sınırları içerisinde yer alan Amasya Üniversitesi Hâkimiyet Yerleşkesi çalışma alanı olarak seçilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı Hâkimiyet Yerleşkesi’nde yer alan eğitim ve idari binaların yeşil alanlar üzerinde oluşturdukları gölge süresi uzunlukları doğrultusunda yerleşke yeşil alanlarında kullanılan bitkilerin ışık-gölge-su isteklerine göre bitki tür seçiminin doğru olup olmadığını tespit ederek yerleşkelerin ekolojik sürdürülebilirliğe ve kent ekosistemine olan katkısını belirlemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda öncelikle literatür taraması ile arazi çalışması yapılarak yerleşkede bulunan bitki türleri tespit edilerek farklı açılardan fotoğraf çekimi yapılmıştır. Hâkimiyet Yerleşkesi’nde bulunan 3 eğitim binası ve 3 idari bina CityEngine yazılımı kullanılarak, prosedürel modelleme teknikleriyle 3 boyutlu (3B) olarak modellenmiştir. 3B Kampüs modeli, Sketchup Pro 2019 programına aktarılarak, yılın farklı aylarına göre 3B gölge analizi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında Hâkimiyet Yerleşkesi’ndeki binaların oluşturduğu gölge sürelerinin Aralık ve Ocak aylarında daha fazla, Haziran ve Temmuz aylarında ise daha az olduğu görülmektedir. Yerleşkenin 392-400 m. ile 410-420 m. kotları arasında yerleşke sınırlarında yer alan her dem yeşil ağaç ve ağaççıklar ile çalı gruplarının binaların oluşturduğu gölgeden olumsuz etkilenmediği, 400-410 m. kot aralığında bina yakın çevrelerinde yer alan yaprağını döken ağaç ve ağaççık bitki türleri ile çalı gruplarının ise bu durumdan olumsuz etkilendiği belirlenmiştir. Bulgular dâhilinde yerleşkenin ekolojik sürdürülebilirliğinin sağlanmasına yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
LEISURE EVENT SITUATION DURING THE COVID-19 CRISIS PERIOD
Authors: Svagzdiene Biruta , Simanavicius Arturas , Jasinskas Edmundas , Vasilius Vilius
Published: November 2021

We are in the midst of an historic event COVID-19 that will change many aspects of our world. There will be major impacts on the global economy, geopolitics and our societies. It is clear that these global impacts and risks are highly interdependent and are changing the current and future global risk landscape
The Formation of the Institutional System of Russian Small and Medium-Sized Business in the Service Sector in a Period of Global Instability
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Prokopenko S.V.
Published: November 2021

the problem of the formation of the institutional system of the Russian organization of the service sector is considered. The process of formation of the term “institution” is traced and the definition of the concept “institutional system of an enterprise in the service sector” is formulated. A structural model of the institutional system of small and medium-sized enterprises is proposed, as well as an approach for filling it. The classification of business organizations according to the type of the institutional system formed in them has been determined and their strengths have been identified. A method for transforming an informal institutional system into a formal one is proposed, which in turn is intended to determine the vector of the formation of the institutional system of the Russian organization of the service sector in the period of global instability.
Social, Psychological, Educational and Technical Conditions of a Vocalist’s Skill Acquisition Within the Open Digital Environment of a University
Authors:   Russian State Social University, Kats M.L.
Published: November 2021

the article is dedicated to one of the current problems to be considered while training future professional vocalists within the digital educational environment. We will analyze the influence of the social, cultural environment as well as psychological and educational aspects that stimulate vocalist for active creative growth and self-education under conditions of the modern information society. Social and psychological aspects are considered as individual aspects of personality. This article will consider the positive and negative influence of the social conditions that influence the development of the creative personality to be taken into consideration during the educational process of a modern vocalist. We will discuss influence of aggressive competitive environment and creation of the positive social climate that will unite creative youth and form cooperative atmosphere with colleagues around the world. We will also discuss internal (psychological) and external (social) conditions that play a significant role in the current digital educational environment of the modern society. The Author’s aim is to disclose the axiology and use of the modern informational systems dedicated to diverse aims of an educational process
Acompanhamento do tratamento quimioterápico do Osteossarcoma por imagem infravermelha
Authors: Araujo Michel , Briochi Marcos Leal
Published: November 2021

Os tumores ósseos primários malignos são doenças raras, sendo o mais frequente o osteossarcoma. O diagnóstico é feito por exames de imagem e anatomopatológico, sendo tratado em três etapas (quimioterapia pré-cirúrgica, cirurgia e quimioterapia pós-cirúrgica). O mais relevante para o prognóstico a resposta tumoral à quimioterapia. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a evolução do tratamento quimioterápico de pacientes com tumor ósseo por meio das imagens térmicas. Foi realizado um estudo prospectivo observacional com 04 pacientes (3 do gênero masculino e 1 do gênero feminino) com tumor ósseo maligno primário (Osteossarcoma). Os resultados mostram que o comportamento térmico coincidiu com a melhora clínica dos pacientes no decorrer do tratamento, com relação a dor e calor local. Pode-se concluir que a termografia por infravermelho é um exame de imagem funcional indolor, sem radiação e sem riscos que pode ser utilizado como mais uma ferramenta no acompanhamento da resposta tumoral ao tratamento quimioterápico.
FEATURES OF THE RADIAL GROWTH OF SHRUBS BETULA NANA AND SALIX LANATA ON VARIOUS LANDSCAPE ELEMENTS IN THE SOUTHERN TUNDRA OF YAMAL
Authors: Plotnikov Ilya V.
Published: November 2021

Tundra communities are widespread in the northern part of Russia, in particular on the Yamal Peninsula in the registration of Siberia, where research was carried out. For the study, we used plants of the species Betula nana and Salix lanata, these species are among the most common in the southern tundra of Yamal. Sampling sites were located on various morphological elements of the relief with the identification of patterns in the distribution of natural resources that determine the radial growth of the trunks of Betula nana and Salix lanata. At each site, at least 30 samples of each species were taken to obtain a sufficient sample. The sampling sites were located on different morpholog-ical parts of the relief. In the course of the study, general growth trends are highlighted, as well as absolute values of growth for 5 years. This age corresponds to the minimum age of the selected plants. As a result, data were obtained on the distribution and growth characteristics of Betula nana and Salix lanata shrubs along the relief profile; the most and least favourable areas of the profile for the growth of shrubs were identified. To compare the general trends of radial growth, a faster slowdown in growth was found in Betula nana. In addition, it was found that the species Salix lanata has a stronger effect on mechanical impact (winter road).
TO STUDY THE BIOECOLOGY OF CASPIAN SHRIMPS
Authors: Guseynov Kais M. , Gasanova Aysha Sh. , Khlopkova Marina V.
Published: November 2021

Only two species of shrimps live in the Caspian Sea: Palaemon elegans and P. adspersus (Crustacea, Decapoda: Palaemonidae), which were introduced to the Caspian Sea in 1931-1934 during the introduction of mullets. Data on the biology of these species of shrimps are reflected only in the works by E.N. Kudelina (1950) and M.P. Marochkina (1980). This determines the relevance of research on the current state of the Caspian shrimp population. The material was collected in various areas of the Middle Caspian Sea in the summer-autumn period. Both species live up to five meters deep. P. elegans prefer coastal underwater objects with dense thickets, P. adspersus - open shallow waters with sandy-muddy soil. To the north of Makhachkala, P. elegans predominates, to the south, the number of both species is the same, and to the east, P. adspersus dominates. The characteristics of breeding females are presented, and the dependence of fecundity on the length of egg-bearing females is revealed. The absolute fecundity increased with the increase in the size of the females. Regression equations reflecting the relationship between fecundity and length of egg-bearing females of P. elegans and P. adspersus are calculated, expressed by power equations, respectively: E = 0.044947 · L265356 and E = 2.323 · L17.4, where: E - fecundity, L-length. In October 2017, in May and October 2018, several specimens of the subtropical freshwater shrimp Macrobrachium nipponense were found downstream of the Terek River. Probably, in the near future, the species composition of the Caspian shrimp will be replenished with another species.
Type, source, adequacy and outcome of consultations requested from the department of general surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: LEBLEBİCİ Metin , ALİMOĞLU Orhan
Published: November 2021

Objectives: To evaluate consultations requested from the department of general surgery in terms of type, source and adequacy and outcome regarding general surgery practice.
Methods: A total of 4706 consultations requested from the department of general surgery during the 2019 calendar year were included in this retrospective study. Data on patient demographics, type of consultation (urgent, routine), the requesting clinic, time of request, response time to consultation request (min), diagnosis and management of consulted patients by general surgery clinic and survivorship status were recorded.
Results: Consultations were urgent (69.0%) and made outside office hours (66.0%) in most of cases and more commonly requested by the emergency department (67.5%). The surgical pathology was confirmed only in 1338 (28.4%) consultations, while more commonly for urgent vs. routine requests (37.4 vs. 8.5%, p = 0.001), for consultations requested by emergency department (ranged 30.9 to 40.0%) vs. other clinics (ranged 0.0% to 19.1%, p = 0.001) and for diseases of colon-rectum-anus (100.0%, p = 0.001) than other disorders. The likelihood of urgent consultations (72.0% vs. 37.3%, p = 0.001) and post-consultation inpatient management (90.5% vs. 24.7%, p = 0.001) and were more likely among survivors vs. non-survivors.
Conclusions: In conclusion, our findings revealed that most of the consultations were urgent, outside the office hours and outpatient consultations requested by the emergency department, while surgical pathology was confirmed only in one third of consultations. Our findings indicate improved consultation practice particularly for routine requests by non-emergency clinics to prevent the incompatible or unnecessary consultation requests and related healthcare resource utilization.
Curva de aprendizaje del ingeniero en comunicaciones y electrónica del espacio aéreo
Authors: Martínez Gutiérrez Rodolfo , Landero Mada Antonio Alfonso , Carey Raygoza Carmen Esther , Hurtado Sánchez Carlos
Published: November 2021

Este estudio tiene como finalidad la investigación sobre el desarrollo de los ingenieros en comunicaciones y electrónica (ICE) que laboran en Servicios a la Navegación en el Espacio Aéreo Mexicano (SENEAM). Con el propósito de determinar cuáles han sido las transiciones y sus proyecciones en el entorno laboral durante su permanencia en dicho organismo, y conocer y desarrollar la curva de aprendizaje desde sus inicios profesionales como ICE en el área de Ingeniería de Servicios IDS, comunicaciones, radio ayudas o radar. Las curvas de aprendizaje son modelos empíricos que permiten estudiar las transformaciones tecnológicas como resultado del aprendizaje. Partiendo de esto, el aprendizaje es comprendido como la sabiduría adquirida por la repetición de un proceso (learning-by-doing) (Arrow, 1962). Wright (1996) publicó un artículo donde afirma que la curva de aprendizaje se observó por primera vez en 1920. Al respecto, Hirschmann (1964) comenta “que la práctica hace la perfección, que las cosas se pueden hacer mejor no solo la segunda vez, sino cada vez que lo intente”; la curva de aprendizaje es la que se encarga de cuantificar y representar gráficamente este rendimiento (Hirschmann, 1964).  La SENEAM cuenta con más de 40 años en México; proporcionando servicios de ayuda a la navegación aérea para la seguridad, fluidez y orden en el espacio aéreo mexicano; garantizando calidad y eficiencia conforme a la normatividad nacional e internacional aplicable. Se espera que esta investigación dé a conocer los factores que determinan la curva de aprendizaje de los ingenieros en comunicaciones y electrónica, caso SENEAM.
Integración de procesos, gestión del riesgo y automatización en la gestión de las unidades militares
Authors: Benítez Lloré Gonzalo
Published: November 2021

La gestión por procesos es implementada en las organizaciones para ordenar actividades secuenciales que generan resultados de valor para los usuarios, aplicarlos en entornos complejos como la gestión de las unidades militares supone un reto administrativo que ha inspirado soluciones manuales e informáticas básicas que no son completamente compatibles con la demanda de rendimiento, integración y precisión en el flujo de información, elementos requeridos en el entorno tecnológico actual para facilitar la toma de decisiones. Las teorías y modelos aplicados a la gestión de riesgos y seguridad operacional en los ámbitos de la aviación, la industria, la medicina, han logrado reducir y mantener niveles de riesgo aceptables para la operación, por lo que pueden ser adaptados y aplicados a los procesos administrativos y de seguridad de las unidades militares para obtener los mismos resultados. En este artículo se plantea un modelo para la implementación de aplicaciones informáticas que fortalezcan los procesos administrativos y de seguridad de las unidades militares de Ecuador, fundamentadas en la combinación de las teorías de gestión por procesos, gestión de riesgos y bases de datos integradas. Al someter esta propuesta a una simulación de procesos se registró un significativo aumento en su eficiencia, que permitió identificar y eliminar los “cuellos de botella”, reduciendo el tiempo de ejecución promedio en 94,8 % y la cantidad de personal necesario de 7 a 2, a través de la automatización de los procedimientos manuales y de su integración con diferentes departamentos, fortaleciendo la seguridad al acoplar e incluir, de forma visual, las barreras de prevención adoptadas del modelo del queso suizo, para alertar sobre inobservancias a las normas institucionales y los efectos que podrían comprometer la seguridad.
Specifics of designing trajectories of perspective spacecraft for Venus exploration
Authors: Simonov A.V. , Kovaleva S.D. , Gordienko E.S. , Paul V.G. , Kosenkova A.V.
Published: November 2021

The paper describes the mission profile of the perspective Venus exploration project spacecraft with launches planned for 2027−2031. The main aspects of selecting the optimal launch dates are considered. The sequences of an orbiter injection to a highly elliptical orbit and a lander delivery to the surface of Venus are described. The rationale for the operating orbit as well as for the injection sequence that will enable Venus-to-Earth data transfer are provided. The lifespan of the lander, including its parachute descent, is limited by the high temperature of the lower atmosphere close to the surface (up to 460 degrees Celsius) and is expected to be no more than three hours. Therefore, a key feature of the mission profile development is designing the sequence of the orbital vehicle maneuvers, which ensures robust communication with the lander during this time within a range of 40 thousand kilometers.
Análisis de los factores transporte, almacenaje y tecnologías dentro la cadena de frío que influyen en la cadena de valor de las empresas peruanas exportadoras de atunes de aleta amarilla congelados a Ecuador durante el periodo 2014-2018
Authors:   , Morales Salinas Juan Daniel , Torres Robles Celia Elizabeth
Published: November 2021

Actualmente, los países en vías de desarrollo (PED) vienen siendo blancos de interés de inversión para empresas multinacionales dedicadas al rubro alimentario, estos países cuentan con una amplia oferta de productos alimenticios. No obstante, en el caso de los productos congelados, estos países no suelen ser competitivos, al no contar con la adecuada implementación y gestión de la cadena de frío se obtienen grandes cantidades de desperdicios de comida y, por ende, pérdidas económicas. Perú es considerado un PED por lo cual, pese a tener una importante participación en la oferta de productos pesqueros de la región, no es indiferente a las consecuencias del mal manejo de la cadena de frío y el efecto sobre los márgenes de utilidad de los exportadores. Por ello, para estudiar esta problemática la presente tesis analizó los factores de la cadena de frío que influyeron en la cadena de valor de las empresas peruanas exportadoras de atunes de aleta amarilla congelados a Ecuador durante el periodo 2014-2018. Mediante la metodología con enfoque cualitativo, a través de entrevistas a especialistas del sector y empresas exportadoras de productos congelados. Se pudo determinar que el transporte, almacenaje, uso de tecnologías de información y la participación del estado son las principales variables de interés y relevancia. Asimismo, la trazabilidad sobre el control de temperatura ocasiona una buena gestión de calidad. Se demostró que se debe impulsar y fomentar la industria de frío por parte del gobierno peruano pues la oferta es escasa, por ende, los costos son elevados y hace que el sector no sea atractivo para posibles inversiones. Se recomienda tomar en cuenta para futuros estudios el papel del estado de los PED y su influencia en la implementación de la cadena de frío.