bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, attitude, and practice among kindergarten teachers regarding vision and eye screening of preschool children
Authors: AlHarkan Dora Hamad S.
Published: October 2024

PURPOSE:

To estimate the level and determinants of knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAPs) of kindergarten teachers regarding vision and eye screening of preschool children of Qassim region of Saudi Arabia.

METHODS:

As a part of a study to evaluate the KAP of stakeholders in the Qassim region, we surveyed kindergarten teachers from July to September 2023. The responses to ten knowledge-related and five attitudes and practices of teachers about eye and vision screening were collected using a graded Likert scale. The KAP score was associated with teacher-related variables. Teachers’ current and desired sources of knowledge were also reviewed.

RESULTS:

We surveyed 60 KG teachers. All were female. The good level of knowledge was in 85% of teachers. The positive attitude and good practices were in 90% of teachers. Teachers’ education levels were not associated with teachers’ knowledge (Kolmogorov–Smirnov [KS] P = 0.456), attitudes (KS P = 0.71), and practice (KS P = 0.06). Social media and computer-based sources provided knowledge on eye and vision screening of children in nearly half of the teachers. More interaction between ophthalmologists and optometrists was desired to learn about the topic.

CONCLUSIONS:

The high awareness, positive attitude, and practices noted among KG teachers in this study are promising and favor their involvement in universal vision and eye screening initiatives in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia.
Teprotumumab versus intravenous methylprednisolone in thyroid eye disease: A systematic review
Authors: Mehmood Faizan , Rizvi Syed Ali Raza , Alam Sarah , Ansari Benazir
Published: October 2024

Thyroid eye disease (TED), also known as thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy, is an autoimmune disorder caused due to a complex interplay between autoantigens including the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor and the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor. TED is characterized by progressive proptosis or diplopia. This systematic review aimed to compare the efficacy of the newer monoclonal antibody – teprotumumab and intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) in TED patients. We performed a systematic review of previously published studies from 2013 to June 2023. A total of 329 articles were screened; among them, 111 non-duplicate publications were identified. After the screening of titles and abstracts, 156 publications were excluded; then, another 47 published papers were excluded after the full-text screening. The remaining 15 eligible studies were included in this systematic review. The majority of studies used either teprotumumab alone or in combination with others. Among 15 studies, eight studies used teprotumumab in TED patients, whereas remaining 7 studies used a standard treatment regimen. This systematic review provides an overview of the existing treatment options using monoclonal antibody – teprotumumab and IVMP in TED patients. The overall assessment provides a finding that antibody – teprotumumab is is a good choice compared to conventional IVMP for providing better outcomes in patients with TED.
Oral cyclophosphamide treatment for clinical periocular inflammation of unknown origin
Authors: Maleki Arash , Anesi Stephen D. , Chang Peter Y. , Foster C. Stephen
Published: October 2024

This study outlines a scenario involving unilateral periocular inflammation exhibited resistance to conventional immunomodulatory therapy (IMT) and biologic response modifying agents, which was successfully managed with oral cyclophosphamide monotherapy. A 39-year-old male visited our clinic, expressing discomfort and swelling in his left upper eyelid for six months. All multidisciplinary consultations and imaging yielded normal results. He remained consistently on a dosage of 50 mg oral prednisone. Blood tests yielded results within the normal range or were negative, with the exception of the antinuclear antibody. He did not respond to conventional IMT and biological response modifier agents. Ultimately, the patient began oral cyclophosphamide. One month after commencing cyclophosphamide treatment, the oral prednisone dosage was gradually reduced without any flare-up. oral cyclophosphamide can serve as a valuable treatment for periocular inflammation that does not respond to standard conventional IMT and biologic response modifier agents.
Unexpected encounter with an intracameral cilium postcataract surgery
Authors: Tripathi Anchal , Bhirud Atul , Agrawal Mohini , Mishra Avinash , Raj Biresh
Published: October 2024

Background:

Cataract surgery, a routine and highly successful ophthalmic intervention, is not immune to unexpected challenges. While complications are infrequent, their diverse nature necessitates a thorough understanding to ensure optimal patient outcomes.

Case Report:

This presentation focuses on a 55-year-old female who underwent routine phacoemulsification with intraocular lens placement. Despite uneventful initial postoperative assessments, a horizontally oriented intraocular cilium was discovered on the 1st day. Prompt removal was undertaken, leading to an uneventful recovery. The case is distinguished by video evidence ruling out the presence of cilium at the surgery’s conclusion, prompting exploration into the mechanisms of delayed entry.

Discussion:

Delving into the intricacies of intraocular cilium postcataract surgery, this discussion emphasizes the rarity of such occurrences and explores the spectrum of ocular responses documented in the literature. Patient-specific factors, wound integrity, and the role of postoperative eye rubbing are scrutinized. The importance of patient education, vigilant postoperative monitoring, and timely interventions to mitigate complications are highlighted. The case prompts a reconsideration of preventive strategies and underscores the adaptability required in managing unexpected challenges.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, this case of intraocular cilium following routine cataract surgery contributes a unique perspective to the understanding of postoperative complications. The absence of cilium at the surgery’s conclusion challenges assumptions, urging a reevaluation of preventive measures. Beyond this specific case, the discussion emphasizes the broader implications for patient care and surgical practice. The adaptive approach to unforeseen challenges, coupled with comprehensive patient education, emerges as pivotal for optimal outcomes in cataract surgery.
Role of autoimmunity in the etiopathogenesis of Ross syndrome
Authors: Mishra Ashutosh Kumar , Shukla Ruchi , Rout Saubhagya Kumar , Bajpai Harshit
Published: October 2024

Ross syndrome is a rare clinical entity that manifests classically with a triad of segmental anhidrosis, tonic pupil, and hyporeflexia. Here, we present a case of Ross syndrome in a university-going female in her early twenties with a history of hypothyroidism for 5 years. She has complained of insidious onset and progressive anhidrosis on the right side of her body for 7 years. On evaluation, we found her to have autoimmune thyroiditis with elevated serum antithyroid peroxidase antibody. The antinuclear antibody titer was also raised significantly, suggesting a possible autoimmune etiology. In our case, we reiterate the need for autoimmune testing in cases of Ross syndrome and further research on the effectiveness of immunomodulators for treatment.
Fatal Penetrative Cervical Spine Injury Following Misdeployed Airbag
Authors: Elserafy Osama Said , Alzubaidi Faisal Mohammed , Zakari Yahya Hadi , Alshanawani Hussam Eid , Alanzi Fahd Geleel , Aldusaymani Saba Mohammed , Alfaifi Nourah Ibraheem , Alzahrani Saeed Ali , Ibrahim Samah Fathy
Published: October 2024

Road traffic injuries are one of the leading causes of global mortality rates and entail various health and economic-related consequences. When used in combination with seatbelts, vehicle airbags are intended to reduce cervical spinal injuries to the car driver during sudden impact. However, it is increasingly recognized that airbag misdeployment trauma injuries are becoming more prevalent and can lead to severe injuries or even death. This case report presents a fatal penetrative cervical spine injury in a 22-year-old nonrestrained male following a misdeployed airbag in Saudi Arabia. Misdeployed airbag trauma may be a potential factor in road traffic fatalities, particularly when it is linked to penetrating injuries caused by metal fragments penetrating the car’s passenger compartment. Postmortem imaging assists the medical examiner in planning autopsy procedures and to rule out other injuries. To ensure a safe driving experience, it is imperative to adhere to road safety policies and enhance the safety features of automobiles to meet industry standards.
Stature Prediction from Handprint Measurements: Searching for New Parameters
Authors: Dwairi Rami , Paulis Melad Gad , Al Tawallbeh Zaid , Al-Najada Laith , Al-Jabsheh Rakan , Barakat Mahmoud , Amayreh Mohammad , Fahim Ayman L.
Published: October 2024

Background:

Handprints are a common finding in crime scenes. Estimating stature is one of the four pillars of establishing the identity of an unknown individual.

Aims:

The commonly used parameters – hand length and hand breadth were tested. In addition, new parameters, namely hypothenar (HC) and thenar curvatures (TC) and palm area (PA) were examined for their usefulness in stature prediction.

Subjects and Methods:

A sample from the Jordanian population was used for this study. Regression analysis was employed to evaluate the accuracy of predicting stature from a handprint. Seventy-five male and female hands were scanned and processed to measure 10 parameters.

Results:

The results indicated that male stature and all parameters were significantly larger than their female counterparts. Regression analysis predicted the stature with a standard error of estimate of 2.09–3.90 cm in males and 5.68–3.72 cm in females. Multiple regression analysis showed a significant improvement in stature estimation.

Conclusions:

This study represents the first attempt to estimate stature using handprints in the Jordanian population. The newly tested parameters (HC, TC, and PA) contributed to the prediction of stature. One limitation of this study is that the research group was confined to university students aged 18–24 years.
Embeddings and pointwise multiplication in Kondratiev spaces on polyhedral type domains
Authors: Hansen Markus , Schneider Cornelia
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we investigate Kondratiev spaces on domains of polyhedral type. In particular, we will be concerned with necessary and sufficient conditions for continuous and compact embeddings and in addition, we will deal with pointwise multiplication in these spaces.
Metaheuristic optimization scheme for quantum kernel classifiers using entanglement‐directed graphs
Authors: Tjandra Yozef , Sugiarto Hendrik Santoso
Published: October 2024

Entanglement is crucial for achieving quantum advantages. However, in the context of quantum machine learning, existing optimization strategies for generating quantum classifier circuits often result in unentangled circuits, indicating an underutilization of the entanglement effect needed to learn complex patterns. In this study, we proposed a novel metaheuristic approach—genetic algorithm—for designing a quantum kernel classifier that incorporates expressive entanglement. This classifier utilizes a loopless entanglement‐directed graph, where each directed edge represents the entanglement between the target and control qubits. The proposed method consistently outperforms classical and quantum baselines across various artificial and actual datasets, achieving improvements up to 32.4% and 17.5%, respectively, compared with the best model among all other baselines. Moreover, this method successfully reconstructs the hidden entanglement structures underlying artificial datasets. The results also demonstrate that the optimized circuits exhibit diverse entanglement variations across different datasets, indicating the versatility of the proposed approach.
Pembrolizumab in patients with gastric cancer and liver metastases: A paradigm shift in immunotherapy
Authors: Christodoulidis Grigorios , Bartzi Dimitra , Koumarelas Konstantinos Eleftherios , Kouliou Marina Nektaria
Published: October 2024

In this editorial, we explore the impact of immunotherapy and its safety in patients with advanced gastric cancer (GC) and liver involvement. GC, a formidable adversary in the oncology landscape, presents its most challenging battlefront when it reaches stage IV, often characterized by liver metastases. The prognosis for patients at this advanced stage is daunting, with systemic chemotherapy traditionally offering a median overall survival slightly over a year. However, the landscape of treatment is evolving, with new strategies and therapies offering a glimmer of hope.
Predicting prolonged postoperative ileus in gastric cancer patients based on bowel sounds using intelligent auscultation and machine learning
Authors: Shi Shuai , Lu Cong , Shan Liang , Yan Liang , Liang Yong , Feng Tao , Chen Zun , Chen Xin , Wu Xi , Liu Si-Da , Duan Xiang-Long , Wang Ze-Zheng
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) delays the postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients with gastric cancer (GC), leading to longer hospitalization and higher healthcare expenditure. However, effective monitoring of gastrointestinal recovery in patients with GC remains challenging because of the lack of noninvasive methods.

AIM

To explore the risk factors for delayed postoperative bowel function recovery and evaluate bowel sound indicators collected via an intelligent auscultation system to guide clinical practice.

METHODS

This study included data from 120 patients diagnosed with GC who had undergone surgical treatment and postoperative bowel sound monitoring in the Department of General Surgery II at Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital between January 2019 and January 2021. Among them, PPOI was reported in 33 cases. The patients were randomly divided into the training and validation cohorts. Significant variables from the training cohort were identified using univariate and multivariable analyses and were included in the model.

RESULTS

The analysis identified six potential variables associated with PPOI among the included participants. The incidence rate of PPOI was 27.5%. Age ≥ 70 years, cTNM stage (I and IV), preoperative hypoproteinemia, recovery time of bowel sounds (RTBS), number of bowel sounds (NBS), and frequency of bowel sounds (FBS) were independent risk factors for PPOI. The Bayesian model demonstrated good performance with internal validation: Training cohort [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.880, accuracy = 0.823, Brier score = 0.139] and validation cohort (AUC = 0.747, accuracy = 0.690, Brier score = 0.215). The model showed a good fit and calibration in the decision curve analysis, indicating a significant net benefit.

CONCLUSION

PPOI is a common complication following gastrectomy in patients with GC and is associated with age, cTNM stage, preoperative hypoproteinemia, and specific bowel sound-related indices (RTBS, NBS, and FBS). To facilitate early intervention and improve patient outcomes, clinicians should consider these factors, optimize preoperative nutritional status, and implement routine postoperative bowel sound monitoring. This study introduces an accessible machine learning model for predicting PPOI in patients with GC.
Preventive effect of probiotics on infections following colorectal cancer surgery: An umbrella meta-analysis
Authors: Han Yue , Wang Yong , Guan Min
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Postoperative infections remain a significant source of morbidity among patients undergoing colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. While probiotics have been proposed as a potential strategy to mitigate the risk of these infections, contemporary meta-analyses have produced conflicting findings.

AIM

To synthesize the available evidence regarding the prophylactic efficacy of probiotics in preventing infections following CRC surgery.

METHODS

A comprehensive search of PubMed and Scopus was conducted to identify relevant meta-analyses published up to February 2024. To assess the efficacy of probiotics on outcomes, relative risks (RR) and their corresponding 95%CI were pooled using a random effects model.

RESULTS

This comprehensive umbrella meta-analysis integrated eleven meta-analyses encompassing 11518 participants who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Probiotics administration resulted in a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of total infections (RR: 0.40, 95%CI: 0.31-0.51; moderate certainty), surgical site infections (RR: 0.56, 95%CI: 0.49-0.63; high certainty), pneumonia (RR: 0.38, 95%CI: 0.30-0.48; high certainty), urinary tract infections (RR: 0.44, 95%CI: 0.31-0.61; moderate certainty), bacteremia (RR: 0.41, 95%CI: 0.30-0.56; high certainty), and sepsis (RR: 0.35, 95%CI: 0.25-0.44; high certainty). However, probiotics did not significantly affect intra-abdominal, central line, or peritoneal infections.

CONCLUSION

Probiotics have demonstrated potential in mitigating postoperative infectious complications among patients undergoing CRC surgery.
Blue rubber blister nevus syndrome: A case report
Authors: Wang Wen-Jing , Chen Pei-Li , Shao Huan-Zhang
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Blue rubber blister nevus syndrome (BRBNS) is a congenital, rare disease characterized by venous malformations of the skin and internal organs, affecting all systems throughout the body. The pathogenesis is unknown. There is no consensus on the treatment of BRBNS. Most of the previously reported cases were mild to moderate with a good prognosis, and this case was a critically ill patient with severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and severe joint fusion that was different from previously reported cases.

CASE SUMMARY

An 18-year-old man with early onset of BRBNS in early childhood is reported. He presented with recurrent melena and underwent malformed phlebectomy and partial jejunectomy and ileal resection. The patient had melena before and after surgery. After active treatment, the patient's gastrointestinal bleeding improved. This was a case of atypical BRBNS with severe gastrointestinal bleeding and severe joint fusion, which should be differentiated from other serious joint lesions and provide clinicians with better understanding of this rare disease.

CONCLUSION

This case of critical BRBNS with gastrointestinal hemorrhage, DIC and severe joint fusion provides further understanding of this rare disease.
Reconsideration of the clinical management of hepatic hemangioma
Authors: Zhang Zhi-Hong , Jiang Chuang , Li Jia-Xin
Published: October 2024

In this letter, we comment on the article by Zhou et al that was published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery . This article proposes a new clinical grading system based on a multidisciplinary team, which prompts us to rethink the clinical management of hepatic hemangioma. Hepatic hemangioma is the most common benign solid liver tumor. In general, follow-up and observation for the vast majority of hepatic hemangioma is reasonable. For those patients with symptoms and severe complications, surgical intervention is necessary. Specific surgical indications, however, are still not clear. An effective grading system is helpful in further guiding the clinical management of hepatic hemangioma. In this article, we review the recent literature, summarize the surgical indications and treatment of hepatic hemangioma, and evaluate the potential of this new clinical grading system.
Treatment of choice for malignant gastric outlet obstruction: More than clearing the road
Authors: Jiang Li , Chen Xiao-Ping
Published: October 2024

In this editorial, we comment on the in-press article in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy concerning the treatment of malignant gastric outlet obstruction (mGOO). The original theory of treatment involves bypassing the obstruction or reenabling the patency of the passage. Conventional surgical gastroenterostomy provides long-term relief of symptoms in selected patients, with substantial morbidity and a considerable rate of delayed gastric emptying. Endoscopic stenting was introduced as an alternative minimally invasive procedure with less procedural morbidity and rapid clinical improvement; however, it presented a high rate of long-term recurrence. Therefore, challenges remain in the treatment of mGOO patients to improve clinical outcomes. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy has recently emerged as a promising method because of the combined effects of surgery and endoscopy, whereas stomach-partitioning gastrojejunostomy has been reported as a modified surgical procedure to reduce the rate of delayed gastric emptying. In decision-making regarding the treatment of choice, it should be taken into account that mGOO might be accompanied by a variety of pathological conditions, including cancer cachexia, anorexia, malabsorption, and etc. , all of which can also lead to the characteristic symptoms and poor nutritional status of mGOO. The treatment plan should consider comprehensive aspects of patients to achieve practical improvements in prognosis and the quality of life.
Limited validity of Mayo endoscopic subscore in ulcerative colitis with concomitant primary sclerosing cholangitis
Authors: Wohl Pavel , Krausova Alzbeta , Wohl Petr , Fabian Ondrej , Bajer Lukas , Brezina Jan , Drastich Pavel , Hlavaty Mojmir , Novotna Petra , Kahle Michal , Spicak Julius , Gregor Martin
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Ulcerative colitis (UC) with concomitant primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) represents a distinct disease entity (PSC-UC). Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES) is a standard tool for assessing disease activity in UC but its relevance in PSC-UC remains unclear.

AIM

To assess the accuracy of MES in UC and PSC-UC patients, we performed histological scoring using Nancy histological index (NHI).

METHODS

MES was assessed in 30 PSC-UC and 29 UC adult patients during endoscopy. NHI and inflammation were evaluated in biopsies from the cecum, rectum, and terminal ileum. In addition, perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, fecal calprotectin, body mass index, and other relevant clinical characteristics were collected.

RESULTS

The median MES and NHI were similar for UC patients (MES grade 2 and NHI grade 2 in the rectum) but were different for PSC-UC patients (MES grade 0 and NHI grade 2 in the cecum). There was a correlation between MES and NHI for UC patients (Spearman's r = 0.40, P = 0.029) but not for PSC-UC patients. Histopathological examination revealed persistent microscopic inflammation in 88% of PSC-UC patients with MES grade 0 (46% of all PSC-UC patients). Moreover, MES overestimated the severity of active inflammation in an additional 11% of PSC-UC patients.

CONCLUSION

MES insufficiently identifies microscopic inflammation in PSC-UC. This indicates that histological evaluation should become a routine procedure of the diagnostic and grading system in both PSC-UC and PSC.
Anopheles gambiae Re-Emergence and Resurgent Malaria Transmission in Eastern Rwanda, 2010–2020
Authors: Hennessee Ian , Mutabazi Alphonse , Munyakanage Dunia , Kabera Michee , Mbituyumuremyi Aimable , Lucchi Naomi , Kirby Miles A. , Waller Lance A. , Clasen Thomas F. , Kitron Uriel , Hakizimana Emmanuel
Published: October 2024

Rwanda achieved unprecedented malaria control gains from 2000 to 2010, but cases increased 20-fold between 2011 and 2017. Vector control challenges and environmental changes were noted as potential explanations, but no studies have investigated causes of the resurgence or identified which vector species drove transmission. We conducted a retrospective study in four sites in eastern Rwanda that conducted monthly entomological surveillance and outpatient malaria care. We compared sporozoite rates, human blood index (HBI), and relative abundance of the primary vectors, Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles arabiensis, from 2017 to 2020. We then modeled the effects of vector control interventions, insecticide resistance, and temperature changes on species composition and reported malaria incidence. Sporozoite rates were 28 times higher and HBI was four times higher in An. gambiae compared with An. arabiensis. Insecticide-treated bed nets, first distributed nationally in 2010, were associated with decreased An. gambiae relative abundance. However, increased pyrethroid resistance was associated with increased An. gambiae relative abundance and malaria incidence. Epidemic malaria peaks corresponded to periods of model-predicted An. gambiae re-emergence, and increased regional air temperatures during the period were further associated with increased malaria incidence. Indoor residual spraying (IRS), implemented with non-pyrethroid insecticides later in the period, was associated with 86% reductions in An. gambiae relative abundance and 75% reductions in malaria incidence. These findings suggest that increased pyrethroid resistance and the re-emergence of An. gambiae were closely linked to the malaria resurgence in eastern Rwanda. Non-pyrethroid IRS or other control measures that effectively target An. gambiae may help prevent future resurgences.
Successful Management of Rhinofacial Conidiobolus coronatus Infection with Itraconazole Monotherapy
Authors: Sharath Savitha , Bansal Abhinav , Sinha Surabhi , Ahuja Arvind
Published: October 2024

There are no standard guidelines on the management of Conidiobolus infections, and many antifungals have been used, either alone or in combination. Relapses are common even after successful management. Although localized, they can result in severe facial disfigurement and may rarely cause disseminated entomophthoromycosis, which can have fatal complications. We present a case of biopsy-proven conidiobolomycosis in a young immunocompetent male patient with progressive unilateral rhinofacial swelling who was successfully treated with itraconazole monotherapy and showed no relapse after 1 year of therapy.
Th17 and T Regulatory Cytokines in Serum, Lesional Skin, and Stimulated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Culture Supernatants from Type 1 Leprosy Reaction Patients
Authors: Dabas Srishti , Khurana Ananta , Singh Itu , Pathak Vinay Kumar , Goyal Parul , Sardana Kabir , Panesar Sanjeet , Sharath Savitha
Published: October 2024

There are conflicting reports regarding the roles of T helper-17 (Th17) and T regulatory (Treg) cells in type 1 leprosy reactions (T1Rs). Also, literature on the correlation of immunological parameters with a validated scoring system and the effect of treatment on cytokines is lacking. Adult patients with untreated T1R and nonreactional spectrum–matched controls were included in the study for comparison of levels of Th17 and Treg pathway cytokines in serum, skin lesions (reactional), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) culture supernatants. Venous blood samples were collected at baseline and after resolution of reaction (post treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs] or steroids) for serum cytokine estimation and PBMC stimulation assays, and lesional (reactional) skin biopsy for cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) estimation. Thirty-two cases of T1R were recruited (23 patients completed follow-up). Serum levels of cytokines were not significantly different between cases and controls or between pre- and post-treatment samples. Tissue mRNA and Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) antigen–stimulated PBMC culture supernatant levels of Interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-17F, IL-6, and IL-23 were significantly higher in T1R than in controls. Levels of IL-10 and Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β) were comparable among the two groups. The levels of all cytokines were significantly reduced after treatment. There was no significant difference in magnitude of the fall between those treated with steroids versus NSAIDs. This study suggests heightened Th17 response in T1R, with a prominent inability of the regulatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β to control the associated inflammation. The dynamics of change after resolution of T1R were comparable between NSAID and oral steroid treatment groups.
Microbiological Profile of Periprosthetic Joint Infections: A Retrospective Analysis from North India
Authors: Chowdhury Souradeep , Sikdar Sunit , Malhotra Rajesh , Dhawan Benu
Published: October 2024

With the rise in total joint arthroplasties, prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) have become a significant complication, leading to high morbidity. The causative organisms of PJIs vary by region, and the rates of drug-resistant organisms are growing, thus complicating the initial empiric choice of antibiotics. This retrospective study analyzed records of patients with orthopedic implants and intraoperative tissue samples sent for sonication and culture at a tertiary care hospital in India. The most common organism was Staphylococcus aureus (14 out of 86 bacterial isolates, 16.3%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12 out of 86, 13.9%), and both Staphylococcus epidermidis and Klebsiella pneumoniae (11 each out of 86, 12.8%). There was a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms, and 35% of the gram-negative organisms were carbapenem resistant. Our study reveals that in our setting, PJIs are chiefly driven by multidrug resistant gram-negative bacteria.
Enhancing the Performance of Aerofoil Using Novel Injection–Suction
Method
Authors: Rameshbhai Patel Ankitkumar , Patidar Vijay Kumar , Balaji K.
Published: October 2024

The objective of the paper is to enhance the aerodynamic performance of an
aircraft wing using the injection–suction method. This method utilizes
simulation techniques based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS)
equations with a k-epsilon turbulence model solver. The results of the
simulations demonstrate a significant improvement in the wing’s performance,
with a 33% increase in the stalling angle and a 10% enhancement in the lift
coefficient compared to the baseline airfoil. The drag value is decreasing up to
40% depending on the angle of attack. The novelty of this proposed method was in
the strategic placement of injection and suction. Injection is applied over the
top airfoil at the separation point, while suction is applied at the midsection
of the bottom airfoil. This configuration optimizes the aerodynamic flow over
the wing, leading to improved performance metrics of lift coefficient and stall
angle. This concept has potential applications in subsonic fixed-wing aircraft,
offering benefits such as enhanced performance and reduced weight.
Czy czasopisma konserwatywne Gazeta Polska i Najwyższy Czas! pogłębiają rasistowskie schematy myślenia? Kryzys migracyjny na granicy polsko-białoruskiej w świetle teorii Étienne’a Balibara
Authors: Nylec Wiktoria
Published: October 2024

The aim of the research was to determine whether Polish conservative opinion magazines (Gazeta Polska and Najwyższy Czas!) may be responsible for the deepening of racist patterns of thinking. The research context included the issue of migration from the countries of the Middle East and Africa based on the example of events on the Polish‑Belarusian border. The main research method was content analysis, including discourse analysis (media framework). The research sample consisted of a total of 109 texts (GP 86 and NC 23). In formulating the research theses, the theory of the French philosopher Étienne Balibar was used, especially considerations regarding racism and the concept of border. The research results gave a positive answer to the main research problem. The comparative analysis showed similarities between both magazines in terms of the rhetoric used towards migrants (anti-immigrant narrative, the “us-them” division, linguistic treatments that are part of the exclusion strategy), as well as the multiplicity of the border topos, which is understood as: the external border of the territory of Poland, the zoopolitical border and the mental border. The element that differentiated the examined magazines was the political context – GP supported PiS policy and used the conflict to deepen internal polarization, while NC criticized the United Right government’s actions.
Lectura Escalable de Datos Estructurados
Authors: Pedersen Max Odsbjerg , Jensen Josephine Møller , Johnston Victor Harbo , Thygesen Alexander Ulrich , Jensen Helle Strandgaard
Published: October 2024

En esta lección introduciremos la lectura escalable y cómo aplicar este flujo de trabajo a tus análisis de datos estructurados
Дисфункция вегетативной нервной системы у пациентов с метаболическим синдромом: фокус на вариабельность сердечного ритма
Authors: Н.М. Бурдули , Л.Г. Ранюк , Д.Я. Тадтаева , С.К. Аликова
Published: October 2024

Цель предложенного исследования – оценить дисфункцию вегетативной нервной системы у больных с метаболическим синдромом (МС), используя анализ вариабельности сердечного ритма (ВСР). Обследованы 63 больных с МС и 30 здоровых лиц. Всем больным проведено мониторирование электрокардиограммы с оценкой показателей временного и спектрального анализа ВСР. Анализ полученных данных показал, что для больных с метаболическим синдромом, по сравнению со здоровыми лицами, характерно снижение общей вариабельности сердечного ритма с развитием дисфункции вегетативной нервной системы. В результате развивается состояния повышенного функционального напряжения механизмов адаптации, при котором оптимальные адаптационные возможности организма и стабилизация сердечного ритма обеспечиваются более высоким, чем норме напряжением регуляторных систем с участием церебральной эрготропной активации, что приводит к повышенному расходованию функциональных резервов организма.

To assess autonomous regulation of heart rhythm in metabolic syndrome (MS) patients and clinically healthy individuals, using heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. 63 patients with MS and 30 healthy individuals were examined. All patients underwent electrocardiogram monitoring with an assessment of the indicators of temporal and spectral analysis of HRV. Analysis of the data obtained showed that patients with metabolic syndrome, compared with healthy individuals, are characterized by a decrease in overall heart rate variability with the development of autonomic nervous system dysfunction. As a result, a state of increased functional stress of adaptation mechanisms develops, in which optimal adaptive capabilities of the body and stabilization of the heart rate are provided by a higher than normal voltage of regulatory systems involving cerebral ergotropic activation, which leads to increased expenditure of functional reserves of the body.
Эффективность биопрепаратов в системе биологического земледелия
Authors: А.А. Тедеева , Д.М. Мамиев , В.В. Тедеева , Л.П. Икоева , Т.М. Бацазова , А.А. Шалыгина
Published: October 2024

Авторами представлены результаты применения микроудобрений и регуляторов роста на посевах озимой пшеницы в условиях степной зоны РСО-А. Целью исследований являлось совершенствование элементов технологии возделывания сельскохозяйственных культур, направленных на увеличение урожайности и качества зерна за счет эффективного использования микроудобрений и регуляторов роста.Полевые опыты были заложены в 2021–2023 гг. в двух зонах (степная и лесостепная) РСО-А, на полях, принадлежащих Владикавказскому научному центру Российской академии наук. Объектом исследований являлись сельскохозяйственные культуры – озимая пшеница, картофель, соя. Установлено, что применяемые микроудобрения и регуляторы роста повышают урожайность и качество получаемой продукции.

The authors present the results of using microfertilizers and growth regulators on winter wheat crops in the steppe zone of RNO-Alania. The aim of the research was to improve the elements of crop cultivation technology aimed at increasing the yield and quality of grain through the effective use of micronutrient fertilizers and growth regulators. Field experiments were conducted in 2021–2023 in two zones (steppe and forest-steppe) of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, on the fields that belongs to Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The objects of the research were agricultural crops - winter wheat, potatoes, corn, soybeans. It was found that the applied micronutrient fertilizers and growth regulators increase the yield and quality of the resulting products.
Analisis Yuridis Pelaksanaan Skema Cost Recovery dalam Investasi Industri Minyak dan Gas Bumi (Migas) di Indonesia
Authors: Yapri Yimmy Octavian , Tehupeiory Aartje , Didiarty Wiwik Sri
Published: October 2024

Indonesia dengan luas wilayah sekitar 7,7 juta kilometer persegi, dan terdiri atas 75 persen teritorial laut (5,8 juta km2) dan 25 persen teritorial daratan (1,9 juta km). Luas teritorial laut tersebut terdiri atas 2,8 juta km dan 0,3 juta km2 laut territorial, serta 2,7 juta km2 perairan nusantara (perairan kepulauan) Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif (ZEE). Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu yuridis normatif, Penelitian hukum dalam arti konkrit adalah penelitian pelaksanaan hukum, atau hukum yang tampak dalam pelaksanaan (law in action), atau hukum yang bergerak (recht in beweging). Pada kegiatan usaha dalam rangka pengelolaan sumber daya migas terbagi menjadi 2 (dua) kategori yakni kegiatan usaha hulu dan kegiatan usaha hilir. Kegiatan usaha hulu adalah kegiatan usaha yang berintikan atau bertumpu pada kegiatan usaha, yaitu usaha eksplorasi dan usaha eksploitasi berdasarkan Pasal 1 angka (7) Undang-undang Nomor 22 tahun 2001 tentang Minyak dan Gas Bumi. Bentuk regulasi investasi dan kepastian hukum dalam bidang usaha migas di Indonesia, disimpulkan ialah terdapat beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur Regulasi Investasi dan kegiatan usaha Minyak dan Gas Bumi di Indonesia, khususnya pada Undang-Undang No. 22 Tahun 2001 tentang Minyak dan Gas Bumi (UU Migas), dijelaskan bahwa pemerintah memiliki kuasa untuk mengatur dan mengendalikan kegiatan pertambangan minyak dan gas bumi (migas).
Kesulitan Perusahaan Jasa Transportasi Dalam Melakukan Klaim Kerusakan Barang Oleh Pihak Asuransi Pada PT GXX
Authors: Verawati Kencana , Febriyanti Egy Andarwati Sulistyaning Trias , Putra Yuli Purnama , Sari Novita , Sulistyobudi Muhammad Randy
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini membahas kesulitan yang dihadapi oleh perusahaan jasa transportasi dalam mengajukan klaim kerusakan barang kepada pihak asuransi, dengan fokus pada studi kasus PT GXX. Transportasi merupakan elemen penting dalam mendukung perekonomian, terutama dalam pengiriman barang menggunakan peti kemas. Namun, proses klaim asuransi sering kali menemui berbagai kendala, seperti kurangnya pemahaman terhadap polis asuransi dan ketidaklengkapan dokumen pendukung. Dalam kasus PT GXX, pengiriman ikan beku menggunakan kontainer berpendingin mengalami kerusakan yang signifikan, namun klaim yang diajukan ditolak oleh pihak asuransi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif untuk menganalisis permasalahan dan memberikan solusi berdasarkan data yang dikumpulkan dari wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman yang lebih baik mengenai proses klaim dan penyediaan dokumen yang lengkap dapat meningkatkan peluang keberhasilan klaim asuransi.
Paradisiacal Travelers' Experiences Shaping Sustainable Tourism Development (SGD) in Sicogon Island
Authors: Balida Don Anton Robles , Navarro John Decretales , Collado Ma. Flora Castro , Darroca Jeanneth Fermasis , Sainz Cherryl Cortez
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study explores the captivating encounters that shape travelers’ perceptions of Sicogon Island's enchanting allure, providing insights for sustainable tourism development (SGD).
 
Theoretical Framework: This research is grounded in phenomenology, aiming to understand the essence of travelers' lived experiences on Sicogon Island. It draws on literature emphasizing the significance of subjective experiences, the interplay of natural and cultural elements in shaping destination appeal, and the growing trend of experiential tourism.
 
Method: A qualitative approach was adopted, employing in-depth interviews and participant observations with 15 travelers who had diverse experiences on the island. Data analysis was conducted using NVivo software, facilitating thematic analysis and identification of patterns.
 
Results and Discussion: Five key themes emerged, revealing captivating encounters related to nature's serenity, cultural immersion, adventure, simplicity, and transformative connections. These encounters were shaped by the island's natural beauty, cultural richness, opportunities for exploration, unhurried pace of life, and genuine human interactions.
 
Research Implications: This study offers valuable insights for sustainable tourism development on Sicogon Island. It underscores the need to preserve the island's natural environment, promote cultural heritage, develop eco-tourism and adventure activities, foster slow travel experiences, and facilitate authentic connections between visitors and the local community.
 
Originality/Value: In exploring the captivating encounters that contribute to Sicogon Island's allure, this study can provide a unique perspective on the island's tourism potential. The findings can inform the development of sustainable tourism strategies that enhance the visitor experience while preserving the island's natural and cultural treasures.
Analysis Welding Types Pipe Fabrication Process in Missile Fast Attack Boat Construction
Authors:   Department of Industrial and Technology, Vocational School, Diponegoro University, Jl. Gubernur Mochtar, Kampus Undip Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Sugeng Sunarso , Khristyson Samuel Febriary ,   Department of Industrial and Technology, Vocational School, Diponegoro University, Jl. Gubernur Mochtar, Kampus Undip Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275
Published: October 2024

The equipment in the piping system consists of pipes, valves, flanges, filters, fittings, pumps, and others. The installation schedule for this piping system begins after the connection between blocks. Pipes as part of a ship's system have several steps in their installation procedure, one of which is welding. Welding on pipes is carried out by professional welders who have met more complex competency requirements than welders in general, such as flat position welders, vertical welders, or overhead welders. The purpose of this study was to determine the welding process and types of welding in pipe fabrication for the construction of the Missile Fast Attack Boat. Result comparison between the diameters of the welded pipes, the greater the value of the welding volume formed. The largest volume is 426 mm3, with a pipe length for the fabrication process of 4,3 m. On the other hand, the shortest fabrication is for welding pipes with a diameter of 2,5 m, which has a volume of 127 mm3. While the welding process using GTAW / Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (TIG) is very appropriate for welding in small areas and thin pipes. The TIG welding process has an average volume of below 150 mm3.
Evaluating The Performance of Machine Learning Models in Audit Opinion Prediction – A Study in Vietnam
Authors:   Ho Chi Minh University of Banking, Tan Dang Dinh
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the effectiveness of machine learning models in predicting audit opinions using a dataset from the FiinPro-X platform, comprising 9,783 audited consolidated financial statements from public companies listed on Vietnamese stock exchanges from 2016 to 2023. The dataset spans various industries, excluding banks and financial institutions, and focuses on identifying key financial, non-financial, and qualitative variables that influence audit opinions. Six supervised learning algorithms were applied—Logistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Decision Trees, Random Forests, Support Vector Machines (SVM), and Naive Bayes—evaluated based on their ability to predict both fully acceptable (unqualified) and non-fully acceptable audit opinions. All data processing and model training were implemented in a Python environment. The Random Forest model demonstrated the best overall performance, achieving an accuracy of 0.868 and an AUC-ROC of 0.87, though its F1 score for predicting non-fully acceptable audit opinions was lower (0.585). This suggests that while machine learning models can improve prediction accuracy, challenges remain in handling imbalanced data and non-linear relationships among input variables. The study also reduced the number of features by 30%, improving the models’ performance. Future research should further refine data and feature construction processes to ensure comparability and practical applicability.
Distance Learning and Challenges of Technologies by Students in Uganda
Authors:   Physical Sciences Department, School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kampala International University http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6571-4758 https://publons.com/researcher/3108169, Olaniyan (PhD.) Ademola Olatide , Fakuade (PhD.) Olubusayo Victor ,   School of E-learning, College of Education Open and Distance Learning, Kampala International University http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2140-0260, Ruth Kanyana ,   Directorate of research, innovation, consultancy and Extension, Kampala International University, Balyejusa Gusite ,   Directorate of research, innovation, consultancy and Extension, Kampala International University
Published: October 2024

This study was conducted to examine the challenges students face in Uganda when it comes to distance learning. Uganda is a developing country and this has put a strain on the resources available to students in terms of access to technology. Therefore, this study looks to understand the challenges that students in Uganda have experienced in the shift to distance learning and the strategies that students have used to cope. A non-probability sampling technique of snowball was used to identify initial participants who meet the research criteria. In all, thirty (30) students across all levels of education in Kampala district were selected. The results showed that the majority of students reported experiencing some form of challenges related to distance learning. The most commonly reported challenges were technical problems with the learning platform and lack of access to the internet. The results of this study can inform policy decisions to better equip students and teachers for effective teaching-learning program across various educational institutions.
Real-Time precision prehospital stroke diagnosis in weightlifting athletes using cutting-edge non-invasive sensors
Authors: Tursynova Azhar , Kaldarova Bolganay
Published: October 2024

This research paper presents an investigation into the efficacy of a novel diagnostic technology designed for the real-time monitoring of weightlifting athletes, focusing on precision, time efficiency, and user convenience compared to traditional diagnostic systems. The study introduces an advanced non-invasive sensor system, integrated into a cohesive Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) framework, which facilitates the immediate and accurate assessment of athletes' health parameters. To empirically test the benefits of this new technology, a pedagogical experiment was conducted involving two distinct groups: an experimental group that utilized the proposed technology for medical checkups, and a control group that continued with traditional diagnostic methods. Each group consisted of 30 athletes, and the outcomes were measured across three dimensions: the precision of diagnostic results, the time expended for medical checkups, and the user-reported convenience of the equipment. The findings indicate that the proposed technology not only significantly enhances the precision of health diagnostics but also reduces the time required for medical examinations, thereby increasing overall efficiency. Additionally, the higher convenience scores reported by the experimental group suggest improved user satisfaction and usability. These results demonstrate the potential of the proposed diagnostic system to transform athlete health monitoring by providing more accurate, efficient, and user-friendly medical assessments, suggesting a significant step forward in the application of advanced technologies in sports medicine.