bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERSETUJUAN LINGKUNGAN SEBAGAI OBJECTUM LITIS HAK TANGGUNG GUGAT DI PERADILAN TATA USAHA NEGARA (Telaah Kritis Pergeseran Nomenklatur Izin Lingkungan Menjadi Persetujuan Lingkungan Dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 Tentang Cipta Kerja)
Authors: Baihaki M Reza
Published: August 2021

Perizinan dalam penataan pengelolaan lingkungan memiliki berbagai fungsi, salah satunya adalah dalam rangka fungsi penertib. Dalam hal ini izin berguna untuk memastikan bahwa tempat dan bentuk kegiatan/usaha masyarakat tidak saling bertentangan. Dalam sektor lingkungan, UU Cipta Kerja telah menggantikan nomenklatur izin lingkungan menjadi persetujuan lingkungan. Lebih lanjut, perubahan norma tersebut juga disertai dengan penghapusan hak tanggung gugat masyarakat terhadap pemerintah selaku pemberi izin yang semula ditentukan dalam Pasal 38 Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2009. Artikel ini mencoba menelisik pergeseran nomenklatur tersebut serta keterkaitannya dengan hak tanggung gugat masyarakat dalam persetujuan lingkungan (yang dianut dalam UU Ciptaker). Dalam menganalisa pembahasan, artikel ini disusun atas hasil penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan (statuta approach). Lebih lanjut secara konklusif, artikel ini menyajikan dua temuan utama. Pertama, persetujuan lingkungan merupakan keputusan tata usaha negara yang secara sekuensial dapat dilakukan hak tanggung gugat dalam peradilan Tata Usaha Negara. Kedua, pergeseran dari norma izin lingkungan yang semula dikonsepsikan menyederhanakan perizinan (simplifikasi) secara praktis sukar dilaksanakan mengingat penyederhanaan lazimnya dilakukan dengan mengintegrasikan perizinan dalam sektor lingkungan hidup. Dengan demikian pergeseran izin lingkungan menjadi persetujuan lingkungan harus tetap berpijak pada paradigma tindakan pemerintah dalam lapangan hukum administrasi yang menempatkan persetujuan lingkungan sebagai tindakan administrasi yang bersegi satu dan dapat dilakukan hak tanggung gugat oleh masyarakat.
IMPLEMENTASI UNDANG-UNDANG CIPTA KERJA TERHADAP PENYELENGGARAAN SERTIFIKASI HALAL DAN PRODUK HALAL DI INDONESIA
Authors: Sukri Indah Fitriani
Published: August 2021

Proses legitimasi dari pelaksanaan Undang-Undang Nomor 33 Tahun 2014 dilaksanakan sepenuhnya oleh Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Produk Halal dengan prinsip satu pintu untuk memudahkan pelaku usaha menerbitkan sertifikat halal.  Sehingga dalam rangka pembentukan BPJPH juga perlu dikaji terkait dengan tugas, fungsi dan kewenangan dari kementerian dan lembaga terkait dengan penyelenggaraan jaminan produk halal. Tidak kurang dari USD 650 juta transaksi produk halal terjadi setiap tahunnya, dan dapat dikatakan bahwa trend halal telah terjadi dimasa kini, tujuan dari penelitian ini menganalisis implikasi UU Cipta Kerja terhadap penyelenggaraan sertifikasi halal dan produk halal. Adapun permasalahan yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah keefektifan Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja terhadap penyelenggaraan sertifikasi halal dan produk halal sebagai penguatan kewenangan lembaga BPJPH yang tercantum dalam Undang Undang Cipta Kerja. Dalam penelitian ini metode penelitian menggunakan beberapa rujukan sumber hukum dengan penelitian normatif. Pembentukan BPJPH adalah bentuk upaya pemerintah memberikan perlindungan terhadap konsumen juga harus dilihat sebagai suatu sistem. Hukum sebagai suatu sistem merupakan suatu tatanan atau kesatuan yang terdiri dari bagian-bagian atau unsur-unsur yang saling berkaitan, saling berinteraksi satu sama lain, yang terorganisasi dan bekerja sama untuk mencapai tujuan kesatuan itu. Maka dari itu untuk proses penerbitan sertifikat halal dibutuhkan melalui satu pintu agar semua prosesnya tidak memakan waktu lama dan pelaksanaan yang berbela belit, undang-undang tersebut juga berpotensi menimbulkan masalah kontradiksi antar peraturan, dan dominasi LPH.
IMPLIKASI KETIADAAN AKTA NOTARIS PADA PENDIRIAN, PERUBAHAN, DAN PEMBUBARAN PERSEROAN PERORANGAN
Authors: Aisyah Cahyani
Published: August 2021

UU Cipta Kerja menyatakan bahwa badan hukum perorangan yang memenuhi kriteria Usaha Mikro dan Kecil atau Perseroan Perorangan sebagai salah satu bentuk PT, lebih lanjut PP No. 8 Tahun 2021 mengatur bahwa Perseroan Perorangan didirikan dengan mengisi dan mendaftarkan Pernyataan Pendirian, begitu pula dengan perubahan dan pembubarannya, berarti dilakukan tanpa Akta Notaris. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan memahami lebih lanjut implikasi dari ketiadaan Akta Notaris dalam kelangsungan Perseroan Perorangan akan mempengaruhi implementasi Perseroan Perorangan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif yang dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan kepustakaan. Disimpulkan bahwa ketentuan dalam Pasal 7 ayat (7) UU No. 40 Tahun 2007 jo. Pasal 109 UU Cipta Kerja tidak mengecualikan ketentuan mengenai penuangan anggaran dasar dalam bentuk Akta Notaris sehingga tidak sesuai dengan pasal-pasal 153A ayat (2) UU Cipta Kerja. Akta Notaris hanya diwajibkan untuk dibuat dalam hal Perseroan Perorangan harus diubah menjadi Perseroan. Ketentuan yang tidak tercantum dalam Pernyataan Perseroan Perorangan tunduk pada peraturan perundang-undangan.
THE OPERATIVE TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF CHRONIC HINDFOOT PAIN WITH POSTERIOR ANKLE ENDOSCOPY
Authors: YİĞİT Şeyhmus , YILDIRIM Azad
Published: August 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the outcome of hindfoot endoscopy and to show the availability of this technique by short- to mid-term outcomes on 27 consecutive patients.

Methods: A case series of 27 patients, mean age 19-63(mean37.6) ,15 man and 12 woman, diagnosed and treated for chronic hindfoot pain were included for the study between 2010-2016 All these patients were initially treated conservatively. If conservative treatment is insufficient to alleviate symptoms, posterior ankle endoscopy is performed. Patient data included age, gender, the location and the pattern of foot, follow-up, the time delay from symptom onset to operation, surgeries, the length of hospitalization, the pain scores (AOFAS, VAS), time to return to work, and complications.

Results: The indications for 27 patients were posterior ankle impingement syndrome (n:8), isolated flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tenosynovitis (n:7),loose body (n:2),subtalar joint arthrosis (n:3),achyl tendinitis (n:1) and peritendinitis(n:6). Symptom duration until operation was 6-22 months (mean 13.2 months). The patients who underwent arthroscopic surgery resumed to their work a mean time of 2-6 months (mean 2.5 months) after the surgery. All patients returned to their previous lives without any limitation or recurrence. Mean follow-up 46.5 months (21-96 months). AOFAS score was preoperative 44-63 (mean 51.4) and postoperative was 92-100 (mean 96.37). The VAS score was preop 5-8 (mean 6.4) and postop 0-2 (mean 0.62). One patient had a partial arterial injury that was repaired, and four patients had mild joint stiffness.

Conclusion: Functional and clinical evaluations following hindfoot endoscopy revealed that all patients were very satisfied. Thus, posterior ankle endoscopy is an effective, elegant and rewarding treatment method in the case of continuing chronic hindfoot pain after failed non-surgical treatment modalities.
PERCEPTIONS OF CONSCIENCE OF NURSING STUDENTS ACCORDING TO EMPATHY LEVELS
Authors: UTLİ Hediye , ZENGİN AYDIN Leyla
Published: August 2021

Conscience and empathy are emotional factors affecting caregiving levels of nurses. Aim of this research is determining perceptions of conscience of nursing students, according to their empathy levels. Descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational research designs are used in this research conducted on nursing students in third and fourth grades studying at nursing departments of two State Universities in the east of Türkiye. 376 students studying in the third and fourth grades of nursing departments of the mentioned two universities, formed the population of the research. The study has been completed with 286 students accepting to participate in the research, without forming a sample group. Data have been gathered through Student Identification Data Sheet, Empathy Quotient (EQ) and Perception of Conscience Questionnaire (PCQ). The research determined that, average age of the students was 22.43 ±1.96, 61.1% were female, 94.7% were single, 65.3% were living in cities, 50.6 %were attending to a State university, 60.4% freely chose their profession and 42.8% made their choices because of family pressure. Average of total EQ points of the participants, is 2.76±0.66 and average of total PCQ points is 62.52±12.87. The research determined that there is a medium level meaningful correlation in the positive way, between averages of total and subscale points (p
Bright spots for research and conservation of the largetooth sawfish Pristis pristis in Colombia and Panamá
Authors: López-Angarita J , Cubillos-M JC , Villate-Moreno M , Del Cid A , Díaz JM , Cooke R , Cagua EF , Tilley A
Published: August 2021

Sawfishes are considered one of the most endangered families of fishes globally. Their diadromous ecology and vulnerability to fishing nets have brought most populations to the brink of collapse. Conservation of surviving populations is hindered by limited knowledge of historic and contemporary distribution. Colombia and Panamá are 2 of 22 countries considered as high priority for the development of species-specific national legal protection of the Critically Endangered largetooth sawfishPristis pristis. To construct a baseline for the temporal and spatial distribution of the largetooth sawfish in Colombia and Panamá, we collected historical records from museum databases and literature over the past century, analysed available small-scale fisheries landings databases, and conducted interviews with fishers in 38 locations. We found 248 records of sawfish occurrences across both countries between 1896 and 2015, with 69% of the records from before 2000. The declining frequency of observations was corroborated by fishers, who reported fewer sawfish sightings and catches over the last 20 yr. Results from a regression model of total length and observed date suggest that the maximum size of observed sawfish individuals has also declined over time. We use location data from sawfish records to identify potential ‘bright spots’ that may foster remaining populations of sawfish. The locations of sawfish records were broadly characterised as remote areas with high mangrove forest cover. Given the length and cultural diversity of the Pacific coastlines of Colombia and Panamá, our findings provide important guidance to implement rapid conservation and fisheries interventions in these priority areas and highlight geographical gaps in knowledge for further work.
Effects of temperature on a mixotrophic dinoflagellate (Lepidodinium sp.) under different nutritional strategies
Authors: Liu K , Ng HY , Zhang S , Liu H
Published: August 2021

Mixotrophs are widely distributed in aquatic ecosystems and play critical roles in the planktonic food web. However, how mixotrophs respond to projected ocean warming remains a debatable topic. To close the knowledge gap, we investigated the thermal responses of growth rate and functional traits of a mixotrophic dinoflagellate (Lepidodinium sp.) isolated from subtropical coastal waters. We found that Lepidodinium sp. is a facultative mixotroph with an obligate phototrophic lifestyle that adjusts its phagocytotic feeding according to inorganic nutrient concentrations. The thermal sensitivity in terms of activation energy (Ea, eV) of Lepidodinium sp. grown in mixotrophic mode (with sufficient prey, 0.69-0.89 eV) was significantly higher than in autotrophic mode (without prey, 0.30-0.37 eV). This finding is consistent with the results of predominantly heterotrophic mixotrophs, providing experimental evidence for the hypothesis that mixotrophs shift towards more heterotrophy with rising temperatures. Warming stimulated a higher growth rate of Lepidodinium sp. grown in mixotrophic conditions than in autotrophic conditions, indicating that mixotrophic dinoflagellates may benefit substantially from mixotrophy when temperature increases and prey is sufficient. Moreover, the cell size of both autotrophic and mixotrophic Lepidodinium sp. decreased with increasing temperature. The N:P and C:P ratios of Lepidodinium sp. did not vary with temperature, while the C:N ratio slightly increased. Our results suggest that mixotrophs like Lepidodinium sp. would become more heterotrophic with higher growth rates in warming oceans. The subsequent changes in their functional role from primary producers to consumers may affect food web dynamics and carbon and nutrient cycling.
Democracy and the Covid-19 Pandemic. A Cross-Country Perspective within Cultural Context
Authors: Monica Violeta Achim  , Viorela Ligia Văidean  , Sorin Nicolae Borlea  , Decebal Remus Florescu  , Neli Muntean
Published: August 2021

Our paper investigates the influence of democracy upon the spread of COVID-19. For the purpose of our study we use a sample consisting of 185 worldwide countries affected by the spread of the new coronavirus disease (54 high income and 131 low income countries). First, we find that in high income countries, higher levels of democracy reduce the spread of COVID-19 while in the low income countries its influence is exactly the opposite. Second, we find clear evidence that three dimensions of culture (individualism versus collectivism, uncertainty avoidance and masculinity versus femininity) influence people’s behaviour in relation with the spread of COVID-19 in a large manner. This study’s addressability is wide, from regular people to top policymakers, through their common goal of limiting this pandemic and all the negative effects it brings along. Our findings are important as their policy implications suggest that democracies perform badly for the poorest people and what can be done to improve their record.
Determinants of Export Competitiveness of Agricultural Products in Malaysia
Authors: Siew-Ling Liew  , Mohammad Affendy Arip  , Chin-Hong Puah
Published: August 2021

This study intends to evaluate the export competitiveness of agricultural products using the data of 186 agricultural commodities in Malaysia for the period ranging from 1988 to 2014. Besides, this study engages in the total export of the world with Standard International Trade Classification Revision Three-SITC Revision 3 (5-digits code) to analyse the index of comparative advantage of agricultural commodities in Malaysia. In addition, the study employs Balassa (1965) index of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) to measure competitiveness. The findings show that 56 commodities have comparative advantage. Apart from that, this study also empirically examines the determinants of competitiveness which are commodities price, GDP per capita, labour participation and capital formation. The results of cointegration tests estimation indicates that there is a long-run relationship between the variables under study. The outcomes denote that price of commodities, GDP per capita and crises in 2008 have negative association while labour participation and capital formation are positively relatedly to competitiveness. The results also specify that there is a short-run dynamic impact on competitiveness with the variables. This study suggests that the government should consider intensifying the current economic policy through focusing on downstream products by taking the benefit of its comparative advantage in upstream industries to increase competitiveness.
Asymmetric Pass-Through Effects of Oil Price on Economic Growth in Malaysia
Authors: Umar Bala  , Chin Lee  , Rabiu Maijama’a
Published: August 2021

This empirical analysis intends to examine the asymmetric response of economic growth when the oil price changes in Malaysia by applying threshold autoregressive (TAR) and momentum threshold autoregressive (MTAR) cointegration and asymmetric adjustment models. The results revealed that the oil price has an asymmetric impact on Malaysian economic growth. We found that when oil price increases this accelerates economic growth; however, the speeds of adjustment back to the steady position were insignificant. When the oil price dropped, oil price significantly and negatively affects economic growth for a period of time and then returns back to its normal position. The results revealed that Malaysian economic growth constantly benefits when the oil price increases and is temporarily negatively affected when oil prices drop. The results have important policy implications. This suggests that it is essential to the policy makers to consider different policy responses for hikes and drops in oil prices. The result implies that negative oil price shock would lower economic growth, however it is temporary. Therefore, policy makers might response by implementing expansionary monetary policy to stimulate economic growth. The explanation is intuitive. For example, an increase in the money supply would normally pull down the interest rate which would further encourage consumption and investment, stimulate economic growth, which would increase oil demand and push up its price.
Women Leadership and Its Association to Individual Characteristics, Social Support, and Diversity of Work Environment
Authors: Eddy Madiono Sutanto  , Vilensya Aveline
Published: August 2021

This research was conducted to see the association of women leadership and individual characteristic, social support, and the diversity of working environment on women leaders. It was conducted on one of the largest textiles listed company in Indonesia with a market capitalization of more than six trillion Rupiah. This type of research is quantitative associative explanation. Purposive sampling method was used to obtain a popu-lation that fits in the criteria of a leader who have position as supervisor above to be the respondents. 100 female leaders who have been working more than a year in the company were qualified as respon-dents. Questionnaires were used with closed and opened questions. In order to analyzed the association between variables, the data was analyzed by Chi-Square analysis using SPSS. The respondents were 100 women leaders of a listed textile manufacturing company in Indonesia. The result showed that women leaders, who had high leadership capabilities due to the individual characteristic fit as a leader. They received social supports, especially from their spouses. Moreover, high diversity of working environment helped their networking. There were two kinds of individual characteristic (age and marital status) had no associative with women leadership.
Political Connection and Corporate Social Responsibility: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Yunieta Anny Nainggolan  , Endang Dwi Astuti  , Raden Aswin Rahadi  , Kurnia Fajar Afgani
Published: August 2021

This paper aims to investigate the influence of political connection on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) expense in Indonesia. We use a sample of 682 firm-year observations between 2010 and 2015. Using the individual-level of political connections, we find that the political connection is an important determinant of CSR expense. The political connection effect is analyzed based on the different characteristics of ownership structure, board structure, and affiliated party. We find that state-owned enterprises and privately-owned enterprises that politically connected are positively associated with CSR expenses. Interestingly, the evidence shows that politically connected board of commissioners are more willing to spend in CSR activities, while politically connected board of directors have no significant concern regarding CSR. Furthermore, politically connected firms that contribute to CSR are from government-leaning firms, while opposition-leaning firms show different matters. The findings are robust using different measures of political connection and controls.
Perceived Organizational Injustice, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, and Turnover Intention: A Study of MNCs in Malaysia
Authors: Daisy Mui Hung Kee  , Kuok Shiong Chung
Published: August 2021

The paper intends to examine the relationship between perceived organizational injustice, organizational commitment, and turnover intention. Besides, the paper investigates the mediating role of job satisfaction on the relationship between organizational injustice, organizational commitment, and turnover intention. The presence of gender as a moderating role is also tested. Testing hypotheses on 203 MNCs employees, the paper finds that distributive and interactional injustice are associated with organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and higher turnover intention. Procedural injustice has a direct negative influence on job satisfaction. Job satisfaction has a mediating effect on the relationship between organizational injustice, organizational commitment, and turnover intention. Gender is found to have a moderating effect on the relationship between organizational injustice and turnover intention. This study's findings serve as guidelines to help managers better understand organizational behaviors, specifically on how to minimize employee turnover, improve job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and make better decisions in managing the perception of distributive and interactional injustice when dealing with their employees.
Sectoral Energy-CO2 Emissions Using an Environmental Input-Output Framework
Authors: Mukaramah Harun  , Siti Aznor Ahmad  , Noorasiah Sulaiman  , Djihad Tria
Published: August 2021

Global climate change is an alarming problem nowadays. Weather temperatures have been uncertain because of what many scientists claim is the effect of greenhouse gases, contributed mainly by the energy industry. In Malaysia, the energy industry provides a significant contribution to it economy making up about 20 percent of the GDP. Malaysia is the third largest natural gas exporter in the Asia-Pacific region in 2011 and eleventh in the world (British Petroleum Statistical Review of World Energy, 2014). Malaysia's CO2 emission recorded at 185 million tonnes in 2010 (International Energy Agency, 2012). Mohd Safaai et al. (2011) projected that without any mitigation measures 285.73 million tonnes of CO2 will be released in 2020. In the Copenhagen forum 2009, Malaysia has pledged to reduce 40% of carbon emissions by 2020 compared to the 2005 levels. Motivated by the government efforts, this study will construct environmentally extended input-output framework for Malaysia to obtain the energy-related CO2 emission intensities by sectors. The study is responded to the inadequate of reliable data on Malaysia’s sectoral CO2 emissions and to the growing awareness of the effectiveness of Malaysia climate change policies. This study expanding the current understanding of interactions among economic activities, energy intensities, and CO2 emissions. Results of this study found that Transportation recorded the second highest contributor to CO2 emission, and these findings were different to many other existing studies that found transportation sector as a main contributor to CO2 emission. In addition, results suggest that it is necessary to control environmental problems and encourage the energy use efficiency in the production process, particularly in the Building and construction sector, Transportation, Electricity, gas and water and Agriculture sector in Malaysia The findings will help the policy-makers particularly in Malaysia to develop a strategic plan and tools to manage CO2 emission with respect to climate change in these four sectors.
ZIP Code Versus Georeference
Authors: Bazan Jorge L. , de Almeida Thaicia S. , Ferreira Mauricio M. , Guzman Daniel C. F. , Louzada Francisco , Miranda Milton , Mota Alex L. , Rangel Socorro , Russo Cibele M. , Santos Lucas A. , Santos Maristela O. , Toledo Franklina
Published: August 2021

When dealing with predictive modeling of credit-granting, different types of attributes are used: Cadastral, Behavioral, Business / Proposal, Credit Bureaux, in addition to Public, Private or Subsidiaries Sources. The Postal Address Code (Código de Endereçamento Postal CEP in Portuguese) in Brazil, in particular, has a unique contribution capacity (uncorrelated with most other attributes in general) and reasonably good predictive power. CEP is frequently used by truncating its numeric representation, considering the first d digits, for example. In this report, a preliminary methodology is proposed, aiming to elaborate clustering sets of CEPs by considering the information of clients' defaults over a period of time. Additionally, we tested the number of clusters obtained using the Information Value criterion. Promising solutions are obtained using statistical and optimizing approaches. Other methodologies are suggested and could be complementary with the principal methodology proposed.
Neural Networks for Seismic Data Inversion
Authors: M. Oishi Cassio , Vinícius Goes Amaral Fabio , França Hugo Leonardo , Hideki Nakata William , Alecsander de Aguiar Diego , de Oliveira Santos Gilmar Francisco , de Oliveira Medeiros Débora , Spadon Gabriel , Rodrigues Jr José Fernando , Martínez José Mario , Tunes Santos Lúcio , Soares Filho Djalma Manoel
Published: August 2021

Building a velocity model is essential in seismic exploration and is used at all stages, including acquisition, processing and interpretation of seismic data. Reconstructing a subsurface image from seismic wavefields recorded at the surface (seismograms) requires accurate knowledge of the propagation velocities between the recording location and the image location at depth. Estimation of velocity models can also be used as initial models to recursively generate high-resolution velocity models through optimization algorithms. Machine learning is a field of artificial intelligence that uses computational techniques to give systems the ability to learn from a large volume of data. In particular, neural networks have been developed to reconstruct subsurface parameters, i.e., the acoustic (compressional) wave velocity model, directly from raw seismic data. Using this principle as a starting point we will use two neural network approaches to solve the problem, where a GAN neural network and a ReGENN network will be used.
Técnicas de Core e Hipopresivos para la disminución de la sintomatología lumbar: Revisión Sistemática.
Authors: Medina Vallejo Angie Carolina , Pineda Buitrago María Paula , Castañeda Susatama Diana Carolina
Published: August 2021

Introducción: Teniendo en cuenta los datos dados por Fasecolda en Colombia de 2013, las lesionesmúsculo esqueléticas representa casi el 90%, en el que se encuentra los dolores de espalda.  Objetivo: Elaborar una búsqueda de evidencia científica por medio de una revisión sistemática, conel fin de evaluar la efectividad de las técnicas de CORE vs Hipopresivos buscando la disminución dela sintomatología de dolor lumbar.Metodología: En el proyecto de investigación se realizó una revisión sistemática para evaluar laefectividad de las técnicas de Core e Hipopresivos para la disminución del dolor lumbar.Resultados: Se encuentran 30 artículos de los cuales se analizaron 8 artículos de Hipopresivos y deCore 22 artículos.Discusión: En esta revisión se analizó factores específicos sobre la prescripción de cada una de lastécnicas, las cuales demostraron tener un impacto positivo para la disminución del dolor lumbar.Conclusión: Se espera que estas puedan ser incluidas dentro de una escuela de espalda dentro delámbito laboral, aportando a las empresas a que reduzca el índice de ausentismo laboral, lasreubicaciones y las restricciones médicas en los trabajadores.Palabras Clave: Dolor lumbar, técnica Core, técnica Hipopresiva, escuela terapéutica, trabajadoresde oficina.
Control Motor en la prevención del Desorden Musculo-esquelético
Authors: Perdomo Hernández Mónica Mildred
Published: August 2021

Los desórdenes musculo esqueléticos (DME) son condiciones de salud que pueden comprometer el movimiento corporal y estar relacionados con la  ejecución del gesto laboral. El objetivo de este estudio, se centró en documentar el control motor en la prevención del desorden músculo esquelético (DME) de origen laboral para mejorar la capacidad funcional y el desempeño motor de los trabajadores. Esta exploración se desarrolló entre el año 1994 a 2017, integró la revisión de 34 documentos con las palabras clave control motor, desórdenes músculo esqueléticos, gesto motor y prevención. A partir de ésta revisión se presenta la posible correspondencia entre el control motor y el DME y como su abordaje induce a mejoras en la interconexión neuronal que podrán facilitar el desarrollo de tareas dentro de patrones de movimiento funcionales con mayor eficacia y seguridad.
Prevalencia de Estrés Laboral en los Docentes de Fisioterapia de una Institución de Educación Superior en Bogotá
Authors: Morelos Omar Ramiro
Published: August 2021

El estrés laboral (EL) es una “respuesta fisiológica, psicológica y de comportamiento de un individuo que intenta adaptarse y ajustarse a presiones internas y externas, que surge cuando se da un desajuste entre la persona, el puesto de trabajo y la propia organización” (Delgado M. A., 2017). Diversos estudios han mostrado la presenta de dicha condición en los profesionales que se dedican a la docencia, González “demostró en un estudio que el distrés laboral (estrés malo) prevalece en la tercera parte de los profesores debido a que las demandas de trabajo son excesivas superando su capacidad de resistencia” (González, 2008), así mismo otros autores, demuestran los problemas presentados en la salud de los profesores debido al EL (M sanchez Fernandez, 2005). Por esta razón, por medio de este articulo se presentan los resultados del estudio de prevalencia de estrés laboral realizado en los docentes de fisioterapia de una institución de educación superior en la ciudad de Bogotá, su Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de casos de estrés laboral (EL) en los docentes de una institución de educación superior, utilizando el instrumento para la identificación de EL de la Organización Internacional para el Trabajo y la Organización Mundial de la Salud, con el fin de establecer o cambiar políticas en términos de seguridad laboral
EVALUACIÓN DEL RIESGO CARDIOVASCULAR A TRAVÉS DE UNA RED NEURONAL UTILIZANDO DATOS DE LA COMPOSICIÓN CORPORAL.
Authors: Zea Robles Aura Catalina
Published: August 2021

Introducción: La enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV), es la principal causa de morbimortalidad en el mundo, y de forma continua se buscan estrategias para su diagnóstico temprano, que sean lo suficientemente sensibles y específicas para utilizarse de forma masiva. Objetivo: Desarrollar una red neuronal artificial (RNA), para la predicción del riesgo cardiovascular utilizando variables antropométricas, edad y hábitos. Métodos: Se analizaron 256 sujetos entre 16 y 60 años, la RNA se alimentó con las variables: edad, género, tabaquismo, % grasa, grasa visceral y % de masa muscular, el entrenamiento de la red se hizo con 183 sujetos (69%) teniendo en cuenta como variables de salida la probabilidad de ECV pronosticada a 10 años a través de la evaluación del riesgo cardiovascular utilizando las guías Intercolegiadas británicas (ASSIGN), clasificando esta como Riesgo alto > 10%, Riesgo moderado 5 – 10%, Riesgo bajo 1 – 4,9% y muy bajo < 1%. Resultados: El modelo demostró diferencias significativas en las características de química sanguínea y de composición corporal entre los grupos p < 0,0001. El área bajo la curva para la predicción fue: Riesgo alto = 0,999, Riesgo moderado = 0,967, Riesgo bajo = 0,986, riesgo muy bajo = 0,981. Con una sensibilidad que oscila según el riesgo entre 0,750 y 1,000 y una especificidad entre 0,833 y 1,000. Conclusión: Una RNA que utilice la composición corporal como variable de predicción de riesgo cardiovascular presenta un alto valor predictivo, además de ser una herramienta valiosa para la estimación del riesgo cardiovascular, que puede ser de gran utilidad como cribado en diversas poblaciones.

Palabras clave: Inteligencia artificial, Factores de riesgo, Composición corporal, Enfermedad cardiovascular
Validez y Validación para Pruebas Educativas y Psicológicas: Teoría y Recomendaciones
Authors: Arias Angel , Sireci Stephen
Published: August 2021

Antecedentes: La validez es uno de los conceptos más fundamentales en el contexto de pruebas educativas y psicológicas y se refiere al grado en el que la evidencia teórica y empírica respaldan las interpretaciones de las puntaciones obtenidas a partir de una prueba utilizada para un fin determinado. En este trabajo, trazamos la historia de la teoría de la validez, centrándonos en su evolución y explicamos cómo validar el uso de una prueba para un propósito determinado. Método: Nos basamos en gran parte en los Estándares para Pruebas Educativas y Psicológicas, propuestos por la American Educational Research Association (AERA), la American Psychological Association (APA) y el National Council on Measurement in Education (NCME), los cuales proporcionan un marco conceptual para la validación de pruebas. También proporcionamos una breve descripción de la validación basada en argumentos y sus componentes, esbozando las dificultades asociadas a la operacionalización del proceso de validación desde una perspectiva de argumentación. Resultados: Se proponen cinco fuentes de evidencias de validez de las puntuaciones de una prueba: contenido, procesos de respuesta, estructura interna, relaciones con otras variables y consecuencias. Conclusión: El uso de los Estándares permite que la evidencia de validez pueda ser acumulada de forma sistemática para respaldar la interpretación y el uso de las puntuaciones de una prueba para un propósito específico, promoviendo así prácticas solidas en cuanto al uso de un instrumento de medida lo cual que puede contribuir a reducir las consecuencias negativas provenientes de la utilización de pruebas de alto riesgo.
Adaptación y Validación de la Escala de Control del Yo (UC-EgoUndercontrol Scale) a la población argentina
Authors: Hess Carina Daniela , Mesurado Belén
Published: August 2021

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la Adaptación de la Escala de Control del Yo (Ego-Undercontrol Scale) de Block y Block (1980, 2006) en estudiantes de Entre Ríos, Argentina. Así, se desarrollaron dos estudios. En el primero, se estudió la validez de constructo a través de un estudio de discriminación de ítems, un análisis factorial exploratorio y los niveles de confiabilidad de la escala. En el segundo, se confirmó la estructura factorial hallada en el estudio 1 así como se analizó la validez convergente con Resiliencia del Yo y los niveles de fiabilidad. Se ha encontrado que la escala posee dos dimensiones y no una, como se presenta en su versión original. Dichos aspectos han sido denominados “impulsividad comportamental” e “impulsividad cognitiva” y presentan buenos niveles de confiablidad. Cabe destacar que la nueva versión presenta menor cantidad de ítems (14 ítems), en comparación con el instrumento original (37 ítems). De este modo, el resultado final es un instrumento breve, el cual puede beneficiar el trabajo y la toma de datos con adolescentes. Los hallazgos obtenidos permiten dar cuenta de que las características psicométricas de la adaptación y validación de la escala de Control del Yo a la población argentina son satisfactorias.
Análisis psicométrico con el modelo de Rasch de la escala Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS) en población uruguaya
Authors: Dogmanas Denisse , Prieto Gerardo
Published: August 2021

El objetivo principal del trabajo fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas de The Health of the Nation Outcome Scale (HoNOS)  utilizando la Teoría Clásica de los Tests y el Modelo de las Escalas de Calificación, un modelo tipo Rasch para ítems politómicos. La HoNOS es una de las escalas más utilizadas para evaluar resultados de forma rutinaria en los servicios de salud mental. La versión original para adultos ha sido traducida al castellano (Uriarte et al., 1999) pero hasta el momento no se han realizado estudios empíricos sobre las propiedades psicométricas de esta versión. Participaron  del estudio 402 usuarios de  cuatro servicios de salud mental ambulatorios y del hospital psiquiátrico de Uruguay. Se analizó el sistema de categorías de respuesta, el ajuste de las personas e ítems al modelo de Rasch, la fiabilidad, validez discriminante y la sensibilidad al cambio.  Los resultados indicaron que el sistema original de cinco categorías de la HoNOS no funcionó correctamente de acuerdo con las recomendaciones de Linacre (2002). Se buscó una solución mediante la agregación de categorías adyacentes reduciendo las categorías iniciales a cuatro que mostró un mejor funcionamiento. Se observó un aceptable ajuste del instrumento a los requisitos del modelo. La escala mostró adecuada validez para discriminar a los pacientes con diferentes niveles de severidad y sensibilidad al cambio. Se concluye que la HoNOS cumple con algunas características deseables como medida de evaluación de resultados de los servicios de salud mental. Presenta algunos problemas métricos que pueden verse mejorados reduciendo a cuatro las categorías de respuesta.
Adaptação Brasileira do Teste de Ansiedade Social para Universitários (TASU)
Authors: Pacheco Neiva Yuri , Rabelo Bezerra Ferreira Hamanda , Moran Valeria Estefania , Guimaraes Cardoso de Sa Lucas
Published: August 2021

A ansiedade social pode ser definida como o medo de avaliação negativa ou fracasso nas interações sociais. É comum em estudantes universitários, afetando não apenas o desempenho e a continuidade acadêmica, mas também o bem-estar psicossocial desta população. Embora no Brasil já existam instrumentos de avaliação da ansiedade social, nenhum deles leva em consideração o contexto situacional-cultural universitário. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi adaptar o Teste de Ansiedade Social para Estudantes Universitários (TASU), desenvolvido na Argentina, para a população brasileira. Os itens foram traduzidos pelo método de tradução reversa e, posteriormente, submetidos à avaliação de especialistas para análise de validade de conteúdo. O TASU foi então aplicado online em 279 universitários brasileiros, obtendo-se estrutura interna de 26 itens e quatro fatores, com bons índices de consistência interna. Em nova aplicação com 352 estudantes observou-se que a estrutura manteve índices de qualidade do ajuste satisfatórios e foi invariante segundo sexo e país (Brasil-Argentina), o que possibilitou verificar que mulheres apresentaram um grau maior de ansiedade social que homens e que brasileiros tiveram valores maiores que os argentinos. Além disso, o instrumento apresentou evidências de validade baseada na relação com variáveis externas, com correlações significativas positivas com depressão e negativas com habilidades sociais. As pontuações normativas dos fatores são apresentadas. Conclui-se que a versão brasileira do TASU fornece medidas com evidências de validade e precisão para a avaliação da ansiedade social em estudantes universitários brasileiros.
A Estrutura Das Representações Sociais Do Recovery De Usuários Do Serviço De Saúde Que Fazem Uso Abusivo De Substâncias Psicoativas.
Authors: Durães Rocha Jucimere Fagundes , Fernandes Silva Freitas Lucas , Cardoso Bicalho Rammon Menezes , Pereira Alves Juliana , Teles dos Santos Ana Caroline , Silveira Aparecida Rosangela , Andrade Sampaio Cristina
Published: August 2021

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender la estructura de las representaciones sociales de los Equipos de Salud de la Familia sobre la recuperación de usuarios de servicios que abusan de sustancias psicoactivas. Para su realización se optó por un estudio básico, de campo, exploratorio, descriptivo, transversal con enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo, cuyo marco teórico fue la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales. El escenario de estudio fue un municipio del norte de Minas Gerais. Los participantes fueron 101 profesionales de 10 Estrategias de Salud de la Familia. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante un cuestionario con preguntas cerradas y prueba de recuerdo de palabras. Los datos de evocación se analizaron mediante una tabla de cuatro casas con la ayuda del Software Ensembles de Programs Permettant l'Analyse des Evocations 2005 (EVOC®). Se observa que en la estructura de representación social formulada por los profesionales estudiados tanto en el núcleo central como en las periferias, se identifica que el proceso de formación de representaciones sociales sobre la Recuperación de usuarios de servicios de salud que abusan de sustancias psicoactivas se da a partir de profesionales 'contactos diarios con estos usuarios en los servicios de salud. Los elementos que caracterizan estas representaciones provienen de los cambios en las políticas de salud mental que ahora forman parte de la rutina de las UBS. Esto se puede aprehender, ya que la estructura de la RS sobre Recuperación se fundamenta en factores que según la literatura científica son facilitadores para el logro de la Recuperación, tales como cuestiones relacionadas con la afectividad, el apoyo familiar, la vida social y el apoyo profesional.
Avaliação de serviços orientados ao recovery no Brasil: potências e desafios nos processos de adaptação transcultural de instrumentos de medida
Authors: Erazo-Chavez Leidy Janeth , Ricci Ellen Cristina , Gomez La-Rotta Ehidee , Leal Erotildes Maria , Onocko-Campos Rosana Teresa
Published: August 2021

O presente relato de experiência tem como objetivo refletir sobre à orientação ao recovery nos serviços comunitários de saúde mental, apontando os desafios e potências que surgiram no trabalho com usuários e familiares. As reflexões sobre o tema foram baseadas na pesquisa “Recovery: Instrumentos para sua aferição na realidade brasileira, através da adaptação transcultural do instrumento de avaliação Recovery Self-Assessment (RSA-R). Para o desenvolvimento desse estudo, seguimos a metodologia de Adaptação transcultural de instrumentos que inclui as etapas de tradução, retrotradução, avaliação por especialistas, dois estudos pilotos com usuários e familiares. Os resultados dessa experiência foram: o recovery trata-se de um construto ainda pouco explorado no Brasil, o instrumento objeto da pesquisa trouxe algumas práticas inexistentes no contexto brasileiro e que exigiam níveis altos de alfabetização por parte dos participantes. Em contrapartida, a nossa população tinha baixos níveis de escolarização, tornando a experiência ainda mais desafiante. Também, a partir de nossa incursão no campo, podemos identificar que a relação do familiar com os serviços é muito frágil. Os serviços de saúde mental no país precisam repensar suas práticas, principalmente no que diz respeito à inclusão e participação efetiva do familiar no tratamento. A partir desses resultados, destacamos a importância das avaliações de serviços de saúde mental, com a participação dos usuários e familiares, sendo um desafio na estruturação de avaliações sistemáticas dos serviços públicos.
Does Smart Farming Improve or Damage Animal Welfare? Technology and What Animals Want
Authors: Dawkins Marian Stamp
Published: August 2021

“Smart” or “precision” farming has revolutionized crop agriculture but its application to livestock farming has raised ethical concerns because of its possible adverse effects on animal welfare. With rising public concern for animal welfare across the world, some people see the efficiency gains offered by the new technology as a direct threat to the animals themselves, allowing producers to get “more for less” in the interests of profit. Others see major welfare advantages through life-long health monitoring, delivery of individual care and optimization of environmental conditions. The answer to the question of whether smart farming improves or damages animal welfare is likely to depend on three main factors. Firstly, much will depend on how welfare is defined and the extent to which politicians, scientists, farmers and members of the public can agree on what welfare means and so come to a common view on how to judge how it is impacted by technology. Defining welfare as a combination of good health and what the animals themselves want provides a unifying and animal-centered way forward. It can also be directly adapted for computer recognition of welfare. A second critical factor will be whether high welfare standards are made a priority within smart farming systems. To achieve this, it will be necessary both to develop computer algorithms that can recognize welfare to the satisfaction of both the public and farmers and also to build good welfare into the control and decision-making of smart systems. What will matter most in the end, however, is a third factor, which is whether smart farming can actually deliver its promised improvements in animal welfare when applied in the real world. An ethical evaluation will only be possible when the new technologies are more widely deployed on commercial farms and their full social, environmental, financial and welfare implications become apparent.
The Rich Still Get Richer: Empirical Comparison of Preferential Attachment via Linking Statistics in Bitcoin and Ethereum
Authors: Kondor Dániel , Bulatovic Nikola , Stéger József , Csabai István , Vattay Gábor
Published: August 2021

Bitcoin and Ethereum transactions present some of the largest real-world complex networks that are publicly available for study, including a detailed picture of their time evolution. As such, they have received a considerable amount of attention from the network science community along with analyses from economic and cryptographic perspectives. Among these studies, in an analysis on the early instance of the Bitcoin network, we have shown the clear presence of the preferential attachment, or the “rich-get-richer” phenomenon. Now, we revisit this question, using a recent version of the Bitcoin network that has grown almost 100-fold since our original analysis. Furthermore, we additionally carry out a comparison with Ethereum, the second most important cryptocurrency. Our results show that preferential attachment continues to be a key factor in the evolution of both the Bitcoin and Ethereum transactoin networks. To facilitate further analysis, we publish a recent version of both transaction networks, and an efficient software implementation that is able to evaluate linking statistics necessary for learn about preferential attachment on networks with several hundred million edges.
Maternal Obesity Increases Oxidative Stress in Placenta and It Is Associated With Intestinal Microbiota
Authors: Hu Chengjun , Yan Yingli , Ji Fengjie , Zhou Hanlin
Published: August 2021

Maternal obesity induces placental dysfunction and intestinal microbial dysbiosis. However, the associations between intestinal microbiota and placental dysfunction are still unclear. In the present study, a gilt model was used to investigate the role of maternal obesity on placental oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and fecal microbiota composition, meanwhile identifying microbiota markers associated with placental oxidative stress. Twenty gilts were divided into two groups based on their backfat thickness on parturition day: namely Con group (average backfat thickness = 33 mm), and Obese group (average backfat thickness = 39 mm). The results showed that Obese group was lower than Con group in the birth weight of piglets. Compared with the Con group, the Obesity group exhibited an increased oxidative damage and inflammatory response in placenta, as evidenced by the increased concentrations of placental reactive oxygen species (ROS), protein carboxyl, and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Obesity group was lower than Con group in the concentrations of placental adenosine triphosphate, citrate synthase, and complex I activity. In addition, lower propionate level and Bacteroidetes abundance in feces were seen in the Obese Group. Furthermore, the concentrations of placental ROS, protein carboxyl, and IL-6 were positively correlated with the abundance of Christensenellaceae_R-7_group and negatively correlated with that of norank_f_Bacteroidales_S24-7_group. In conclusion, these findings suggest that maternal obesity might impair oxidative and inflammatory response in placenta through modulating intestinal microbiota composition.