bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Framework for a problem-solving educational program integrating medicine and design disciplines at a Japanese university
Authors: Kudo Kuriko , Akita Naoshige , Matsuguma Hiroyuki , Tomimatsu Shunta , Hirai Yasuyuki , Moriyama Tomohiko
Published: January 2025

The design provides innovative solutions to problems in the medical field. Collaboration between design and medicine can be fostered in several ways; however, educational programs linking these two academic fields are limited, and their frameworks and effectiveness are unknown. Hence, we launched an educational project to address medical problems through design. The framework and creative outcomes are based on the results of two consecutive one-year programs. The research subjects were 35 participants from three departments. The majority (22/35, 63%) were master’s and doctoral students in design. Eight participants were doctoral students and researchers who volunteered from the surgery, oral surgery, neurology and nursing departments at the Graduate School of Medicine and Hospital. The impact of the program on creativity was evaluated by the quality of ideas and the participants’ assessments. In total, 424 problems were identified and 387 ideas were created. Nine prototypes with mock-ups and functional models of products, games or service designs were created and positively evaluated for novelty, workability and relevance. Participants benefitted from the collaboration and gained new perspectives. Career expectations increased after the class, whereas motivation and skills remained high. A framework for a continuing educational program was suggested.
The AI Act Roller Coaster: The Evolution of Fundamental Rights Protection in the Legislative Process and the Future of the Regulation
Authors: Palmiotto Francesca
Published: January 2025

This paper traces the legislative process of the EU Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act) to provide an empirical and critical account of the choices made in its formation. It specifically focuses on the dynamics that led to increasing or lowering fundamental rights protection in the final text and their implications for fundamental rights. Adopting process-tracing methods, the paper sheds light on the institutional differences and agreements behind this landmark legislation. It then analyses the implications of political compromise for fundamental rights protection. The core message it aims to convey is to read the AI Act with its institutional setting and political context in mind. As this paper shows, the different policy aims and mandates of the three EU institutions, compounded by the unprecedented level of redrafting and the short time needed to reach a political agreement, influenced the formulation of the AI Act. Looking forward, the paper points to the role of implementation, enforcement and judicial interpretation in enhancing the protection of fundamental rights in the age of AI.
Review Essay
Authors: Shablovskaia Alisa
Published: January 2025

World War I was the period during which decolonization dynamics fully played out in the Muslim world, and the postwar international settlement marked a milestone in nation–state formation in the Middle East. Despite the predominant role played by colonial empires, the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 witnessed many previously unrecognized and disempowered nations advancing their goals of independence, resulting in the creation of a radically new international order based on ideas of national sovereignty, self-determination, and global stability. Philip Grobien's Iran at the Paris Peace Conference is a welcome contribution to the scholarship on post–World War I international diplomacy that reassesses the Iranian diplomatic agency in the immediate aftermath of the Great War, reminding us of the importance of non-Western actors in the shaping of the contemporary Middle East.
The Price of Justice: Compliance and Damages Awarded by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights
Authors: Haglund Jillienne , Parente Francesca
Published: January 2025

What factors explain compliance with monetary damages awarded by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR)? States comply with the payment of monetary damages at higher rates than other forms of reparation. However, the higher compliance rate belies the significant variation in time to compliance with the payment of monetary awards. We identify three case-level characteristics that explain this variation: size of awards, number of victims, and victim identity. We test our hypotheses utilizing original datasets on compliance with monetary damages and case characteristics in IACtHR judgments through 2019, and find support for all three factors on time to compliance.
A catalogue of complex radio sources in the Rapid ASKAP Continuum Survey created using a self-organising map
Authors: Alam Afrida , Pimbblet Kevin , Gordon Yjan
Published: January 2025

Next generations of radio surveys are expected to identify tens of millions of new sources and identifying and classifying their morphologies will require novel and more efficient methods. Self-organising maps (SOMs), a type of unsupervised machine learning, can be used to address this problem. We map 251 259 multi-Gaussian sources from Rapid ASKAP Continuum Survey (RACS) onto a SOM with discrete neurons. Similarity metrics, such as Euclidean distances, can be used to identify the best-matching neuron or unit (BMU) for each input image. We establish a reliability threshold by visually inspecting a subset of input images and their corresponding BMU. We label the individual neurons based on observed morphologies, and these labels are included in our value-added catalogue of RACS sources. Sources for which the Euclidean distance to their BMU is

$\lesssim$

5 (accounting for approximately 79

$\%$

of sources) have an estimated

$ \gt $

90% reliability for their SOM-derived morphological labels. This reliability falls to less than 70

$\%$

at Euclidean distances

$\gtrsim$

7. Beyond this threshold it is unlikely that the morphological label will accurately describe a given source. Our catalogue of complex radio sources from RACS with their SOM-derived morphological labels from this work will be made publicly available.
Connecting East with West: constraining polygenetic Variscan – to post-Variscan metamorphism in the Marmarosh/Maramuresh Massif, Ukraine/Romania
Authors: Gawęda Aleksandra , Munteanu Marian , Siliauskas Laurynas , Kupczak Krzysztof , Chew Dave , Waśkowska Anna , Szopa Krzysztof , Belskyy Volodymyr , Pantia Adrian Iulian , Marciniak-Maliszewska Beata , Jokubauskas Petras
Published: January 2025

This work reports the first data on the Variscan metamorphic evolution of the Marmarosh/Maramuresh massif in the Outer Eastern Carpathians. Geothermobarometry determinations coupled with U-Th-Pb dating of monazite, apatite, titanite and rutile were used to construct P-T-t paths and refine the geodynamic evolution of the pre-Alpine crystalline basement. These clockwise P-T-t paths evolve from 560–630 MPa and 515–535 °C to c. 900–1180 MPa in the north (Ukraine), while in the southern nappe (Romania), the P-T-t conditions evolve from 455–620 MPa and 545–555 °C, through to 670–745 MPa and 540–560 °C, to 910–965 MPa and 645–660 °C. The northernmost nappes were likely structurally lower relative to the southern nappes. Variscan progressive metamorphism related to nappe stacking climaxed at 350–340 Ma, as documented by U-Pb rutile and U-Th-Pb monazite dating.

In both regions, post-kinematic exhumation to 700–500 MPa, 550–630 °C MPa and then to the titanite stability field was dated at 317–327 Ma, using the U-Pb system on apatite and titanite. Subsequent Permian retrogression and exhumation was constrained to 280–290 Ma by U-Pb rutile and apatite and U-Th-Pb monazite dating. These data link the massif to the external zone of the Central European Variscides. We infer that all Variscan crystalline basement fragments in the Alps and Carpathians probably represent remnants of the same microcontinent, which was dismembered during Alpine orogenesis.
First parasitic bopyrid isopod of the genus Ionella (Epicaridea: Pseudioninae) in the Atlantic
Authors: Romero-Rodríguez Jesús , Álvarez Fernando
Published: January 2025

Ionella fimbriata sp. nov. is described from a pair of bopyrid isopods attached to a male specimen of the ghost shrimp Neocallichirus grandimana collected in Veracruz, Mexico. This is the fifth species belonging to Ionella but the first one recorded from the Atlantic Ocean, which represents an important extension of its distribution range because until now all Ionella species were known from the Pacific Ocean. Females of I. fimbriata sp. nov. can be differentiated from the others of the genus by a barbula with one stout, acute, falcate projection on each side and medial margin with triangular rounded projections; seven pairs of pereopods with elongate cuticular extensions on bases and ischia, and five pairs of tuberculated biramous pleopods of pinnate shape. Males can be recognized by five pairs of globose biramous pleopods, in which endopods are longer than exopods, and uropods longer than pleopods. Description and illustrations of both the female and male I. fimbriata sp. nov. are provided, as well as keys for both sexes of all species in the genus. The fecundity, embryo size and volume of I. fimbriata sp. nov. are reported.
You could have invented Fenwick trees
Authors: YORGEY BRENT
Published: January 2025

Fenwick trees, also known as binary indexed trees are a clever solution to the problem of maintaining a sequence of values while allowing both updates and range queries in sublinear time. Their implementation is concise and efficient—but also somewhat baffling, consisting largely of nonobvious bitwise operations on indices. We begin with segment trees, a much more straightforward, easy-to-verify, purely functional solution to the problem, and use equational reasoning to explain the implementation of Fenwick trees as an optimized variant, making use of a Haskell EDSL for operations on infinite two’s complement binary numbers.
Industrial brewing in early modern London
Authors: Cavert William M.
Published: January 2025

Scholarship on brewing in early modern London is torn between two irreconcilable stories, one positing stunning growth before 1560 and the other insignificant change until after 1720. Careful attention to company and court records as well as state papers, however, reveals that by 1600 London brewing had boomed, likely making it Europe’s largest brewing centre, led by individual houses operating on scales close to the largest of the mid-eighteenth century. Such breweries were accurately perceived to be large scale and highly profitable, clustered along the Thames in urban industrial zones.
Pflegerische Priorisierungs- und Rationierungsentscheidungen in Akutkliniken während der Covid-19-Pandemie
Authors: Sill Janna , Silies Katharina , Schley Angelika , Fleischer Steffen , Müller Martin , Balzer Katrin
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung: Hintergrund: Die Covid-19-Pandemie brachte Priorisierungs- und Rationierungsentscheidungen von Versorgungsressourcen auf die gesundheitspolitische Agenda. Unklar sind die Auswirkungen auf die Allokation pflegerischer Ressourcen in der klinischen Praxis. Ziel: Um Implikationen für zukünftige Pandemien abzuleiten, wurde untersucht, inwieweit es in der akutstationären Pflege zu Entscheidungen über die Verteilung von Ressourcen kam und wie mit Engpässen umgegangen wurde. Methoden: In fünf Akutkliniken in Deutschland wurden halbstrukturierte Interviews mit Pflegefachpersonen (n = 16) und Pflegeteamleitungen (n = 10) durchgeführt und induktiv mittels Thematic-Framework-Analyse ausgewertet. Ergebnisse: In der akutstationären Pflege unter Pandemiebedingungen wurden Priorisierungs- und Rationierungsentscheidungen wie die zeitliche Verschiebung oder Reduktion von Pflegemaßnahmen getroffen, um pandemiespezifische Herausforderungen zu bewältigen. Diese Entscheidungen betrafen bestimmte Patientengruppen und patientennahe und -ferne Leistungen, insbesondere fundamentale Pflegemaßnahmen wie die Unterstützung bei der Körperpflege und bei der Ernährung, sowie den Zugang zur akutstationären Versorgung. Die Entscheidungen wurden eher implizit und nicht nach evidenzbasierten Kriterien getroffen. Schlussfolgerungen: Während der Pandemie wurden pflegerische Priorisierungs- und Rationierungsentscheidungen getroffen. Diese ähneln vergleichbaren Entscheidungen außerhalb der Pandemie, insbesondere in der unzureichenden Evidenzbasierung, und unterstreichen den Bedarf für empirisch fundierte Entscheidungskriterien.
Examining memory reconsolidation as a mechanism of nitrous oxide’s antidepressant action
Authors: Williams Ella , Taujanskaite Ursule , Kamboj Sunjeev K. , Murphy Susannah E. , Harmer Catherine J.
Published: January 2025

There is an ongoing need to identify novel pharmacological agents for the effective treatment of depression. One emerging candidate, which has demonstrated rapid-acting antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant groups, is nitrous oxide (N2O)—a gas commonly used for sedation and pain management in clinical settings and with a range of pharmacological effects, including antagonism of NMDA glutamate receptors. A growing body of evidence suggests that subanaesthetic doses of N2O (50%) can interfere with the reconsolidation of maladaptive memories in healthy participants and across a range of disorders. Negative biases in memory play a key role in the onset, maintenance, and recurrence of depressive episodes, and the disruption of affective memory reconsolidation is one plausible mechanism through which N2O exerts its therapeutic effects. Understanding N2O’s mechanisms of action may facilitate future treatment development in depression. In this narrative review, we introduce the evidence supporting an antidepressant profile of N2O and evaluate its clinical use compared to other treatments. With a focus on the specific memory processes that are thought to be disrupted in depression, we consider the effects of N2O on memory reconsolidation and propose a memory-based mechanism of N2O antidepressant action.
Structural basis for metal ion transport by the human SLC11 proteins DMT1 and NRAMP1
Authors: Liziczai Márton , Fuchs Ariane , Manatschal Cristina , Dutzler Raimund
Published: January 2025

Iron and manganese are essential nutrients whose transport across membranes is catalyzed by members of the SLC11 family. In humans, this protein family contains two paralogs, the ubiquitously expressed DMT1, which is involved in the uptake and distribution of Fe2+ and Mn2+, and NRAMP1, which participates in the resistance against infections and nutrient recycling. Despite previous studies contributing to our mechanistic understanding of the family, the structures of human SLC11 proteins and their relationship to functional properties have remained elusive. Here we describe the cryo-electron microscopy structures of DMT1 and NRAMP1 and relate them to their functional properties. We show that both proteins catalyze selective metal ion transport coupled to the symport of H+, but additionally also mediate uncoupled H+ flux. Their structures, while sharing general properties with known prokaryotic homologs, display distinct features that lead to stronger transition metal ion selectivity.
A multi-frequency altimetry snow depth product over Arctic sea ice
Authors: Carret Alice , Fleury Sara , Di Bella Alessandro , Landy Jack , Lawrence Isobel , Kurtz Nathan , Laforge Antoine , Bouffard Jérome , Parrinello Tommaso
Published: January 2025

Sea ice thickness is an essential variable to understand and forecast the dynamic ice cover and can be estimated by satellite altimetry. Nevertheless, it is affected by uncertainties especially from snow depth, a key parameter to derive it from ice freeboard. We developed a snow depth product based on the differences between CryoSat-2 SAR Ku and IceSat-2 laser altimeters which have different snow penetration capabilities. We compared this product to other existing snow depth products. This comparison indicates correlations all above 0.37 and reaching 0.91 relative to airborne snow radar. We estimate the snow depth uncertainties of our product to be 0.06 m on average. Combining two frequencies to simultaneously measure ice and total freeboard reduces the uncertainties in ice thickness by around a factor of two compared with a single-frequency solution combined with a snow depth climatology. The lack of in situ measurements is a limiting factor to assess the advantages of coincident CryoSat-2 and ICESat-2 acquisitions. Validation data are of major importance for upcoming missions.
Spin transport properties in a topological insulator sandwiched between two-dimensional magnetic layers
Authors: Pournaghavi Nezhat , Sadhukhan Banasree , Delin Anna
Published: January 2025

Non-trivial band topology along with magnetism leads to different novel quantum phases. When time-reversal symmetry is broken in three-dimensional topological insulators (TIs) through, e.g., the proximity effect, different phases such as the quantum Hall phase or the quantum anomalous Hall(QAH) phase emerge, displaying interesting transport properties for spintronic applications. The QAH phase displays sidewall chiral edge states, which leads to the QAH effect. We have considered a heterostructure consisting of a TI, namely Bi
$$_2$$
Se
$$_3$$
, sandwiched between two two-dimensional ferromagnetic monolayers of CrI
$$_3$$
, to study how its topological and transport properties change due to the proximity effect. Combining DFT and tight-binding calculations, along with non-equilibrium Green’s function formalism, we show that a well-defined exchange gap appears in the band structure in which spin-polarised edge states flow. In a finite slab, the nature of the surface states depends on both the cross-section and thickness of the system. Therefore, we also study the width and finite-size effects on the transmission and topological properties of this magnetised TI nanoribbon.
Climate change influences on the potential geographic distribution of the invasive Asian longhorned tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis
Authors: Okely Mohammed , Chen Ze , Adly Eslam , Kamal Mahmoud
Published: January 2025

The Asian long-horned tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann, 1901, is the competent vector for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). Haemaphysalis longicornis originated mainly in eastern Asia and invaded many areas like Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific islands, and was recently introduced to eastern parts of the USA. This species is characterized by high adaptability to a wide range of temperatures and can reproduce parthenogenically under stressful conditions. Migratory birds are important hosts of H. longicornis and are thought to be responsible for its unexpected invasion and introduction into new areas worldwide. This study predicted the historical (near current) global environmental suitability and the possible shifts in environmental suitability for H. longicornis under the ongoing climate change between 2021 and 2100. The results demonstrated that Europe is at potential of high environmental suitability for H. longicornis invasion although this species has not been recorded in any regions of Europe yet. Our model also anticipated the environmental suitability for H. longicornis in eastern parts of the USA, although the recently recorded occurrences there were not used in the model calibration. Climate change is thought to affect and increase the range of suitable environments for H. longicornis. The different maps introduced in this study may help improve understanding of the global environmental suitability for this invasive disease vector and predict the areas at high environmental suitability for possible invasion to prioritize the control programs and enhance quarantine procedures in these areas.
Elf autoencoder for unsupervised exploration of flat-band materials using electronic band structure fingerprints
Authors: Pentz Henry Kelbrick , Warford Thomas , Timokhin Ivan , Zhou Hongpeng , Yang Qian , Bhattacharya Anupam , Mishchenko Artem
Published: January 2025

Two-dimensional materials with flat electronic bands are promising for realising exotic quantum phenomena such as unconventional superconductivity and nontrivial topology. However, exploring their vast chemical space is a significant challenge. Here we introduce elf, an unsupervised convolutional autoencoder that encodes electronic band structure images into fingerprint vectors, enabling the autonomous clustering of materials by electronic properties beyond traditional chemical paradigms. Unsupervised visualisation of the fingerprint space then uncovers hidden chemical trends and identifies promising candidates based on similarities to well-studied exemplars. This approach complements high-throughput ab initio methods by rapidly screening candidates and guiding further investigations into the mechanisms underlying flat-band physics. The elf autoencoder is a powerful tool for autonomous discovery of unexplored flat-band materials, enabling unbiased identification of compounds with desirable electronic properties across the 2D chemical space.
Coordination-regulated copper single-atom active sites for electrochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonia
Authors: Zhang Fan , Zhang Shuo , Wang Haoyu , Dong Xingchen , Ma Zunfei , Yang Yuanrong , Wang Tianyu , Yu Liyan , Dong Lifeng , Sui Lina
Published: January 2025

A Cu single-atom catalyst was fabricated using a coordination regulation strategy, and demonstrated extraordinary activity and stability for reducing NO3− towards NH3.
Characterization of Lipid Chain Order and Dynamics in Asymmetric Membranes by Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Engberg Oskar , Döbel Viola , Engel Kathrin , Huster Daniel
Published: January 2025

We studied the structure and dynamics of asymmetric POPCout/(POPE/POPG)in and POPSout/(POPE/POPG)in lipid membranes. The outer layer of multilamellar POPE/POPG (molar ratio 9/1) vesicles was exchanged (using methyl-β-cyclodextrin) by either chain...
Multipurpose triadic MXene/garlic/gellan gum-based architecture in the horizon of bone tissue regeneration
Authors: Zhou Lin , Zhao Zhuo , Banitaba Seyedeh Nooshin , Khademolqorani Sanaz , Han Xin , Chen Guang
Published: January 2025

Introducing Ti3C2Tx nanosheets and garlic extract into a porous gellan gum scaffold could promote the hydrophilicity rate, mechanical strength, and antibacterial activity, providing a favorable structure for the growth and attachment of MG63 cells.
Retraction: Thiourea dioxide promoted efficient organocatalytic one-pot synthesis of a library of novel heterocyclic compounds
Authors: Verma Sanny , Kumar Subodh , Jain Suman L. , Sain Bir
Published: January 2025

Retraction of ‘Thiourea dioxide promoted efficient organocatalytic one-pot synthesis of a library of novel heterocyclic compounds’ by Sanny Verma et al., Org. Biomol. Chem., 2011, 9, 6943–6948, https://doi.org/10.1039/C1OB05818E.
Rapid detection of hydrogen peroxide and nitrite in adulterated cow milk using enzymatic and nonenzymatic methods on a reusable platform
Authors: Bharwani Harsha , Kapur Suman , Palani Sankar Ganesh
Published: January 2025

Development of rapid, field-operable, and reusable kits for the enzymatic detection of hydrogen peroxide and non-enzymatic detection of nitrite in cow milk without sample preprocessing.
Rhodamine based turn-on dual mode chemosensor for the selective recognition of nickel ions: practical and theoretical applications
Authors: Takkar Priya , Negi Swati , Kakkar Rita , Kumar Rakesh
Published: January 2025

This work presents the development of a rhodamine-based colorimetric and turn-on fluorescent chemosensor (P1) designed for selective recognition of Ni2+ ions.
Atomic structures and electronic properties of different contact surfaces for CxFy–SiO2 triboelectric nanogenerator based on first-principles investigations
Authors: Jia Baonan , Gao Jingming , Zhao Jiaxiang , Liang Jiahe , Zhang Xinhui , Xiao Wendong , Guan Xiaoning , Lu Pengfei
Published: January 2025

12 TENG models based on the polymer CxFy–SiO2 electret materials were considered. II-C3F6–O model exhibited the highest amount of charge transfer. II-C3F6 model hybridized better with the O atoms of the SiO2 layer.
Emerging membrane technologies for sustainable water treatment: a review on recent advances
Authors: Foorginezhad Sahar , Zerafat Mohammad Mahdi , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi , Goh Pei Sean
Published: January 2025

The growing scarcity of freshwater resources, coupled with industrial pollution, necessitates the development of efficient and sustainable water treatment technologies.
Stellar hot spots due to star–planet magnetic interactions
Authors: Paul Arghyadeep , Strugarek Antoine , Réville Victor
Published: January 2025

Context. Star-planet magnetic interactions (SPMIs) have been proposed as a mechanism for generating stellar hot spots with energy outputs on the order of 1019–21 watts. This interaction is primarily believed to be mediated by Alfvén waves, which are produced by the planetary obstacle and propagate towards the star. The stellar atmosphere, as a highly structured region, dictates where and how much of this incoming energy can actually be deposited as heat.

Aims. The stellar transition region separating the chromosphere from the corona of cool stars gives rise to a significant variation of the Alfvén speed over a short distance. Therefore, a reflection of the Alfvén waves at the transition region is naturally expected. We aim to characterize the efficiency of energy transfer due to SPMIs by quantifying a frequency-dependent reflection of the wave energy at the stellar transition region and its transmission to the stellar chromosphere.

Methods. We employed magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations to model the frequency-dependent propagation of Alfvén waves through a realistic background stellar wind profile. The transmission efficiency as a function of the wave frequency was quantified. Further analyses were conducted to characterize the overall energy transfer efficiency of SPMIs in several candidate systems where chromospheric hot spots have been tentatively detected.

Results. Low-frequency waves experience greater reflection compared to high-frequency waves, resulting in reduced energy transfer efficiency for lower frequencies. Conversely, the parametric decay instability of Alfvén waves substantially diminishes the energy transfer efficiency at higher frequencies. As a result, there is a specific frequency range where energy transfer is most efficient. A significant fraction of the Alfvén wave energy is reflected at the stellar transition region and, in most realistic scenarios, the transmission efficiency to the chromosphere is found to be at a level of approximately 10%.
Smart Daylighting Strategies for Architectural Studios: Evaluating Louvre Angles and Time Effects Through Revit Simulations
Authors: Novia Bramiana Chely , Azzam Ismail Muhammad , Ismail Hasan Muhammad , Mahjuddin Ressang Asrul
Published: January 2025

This study explores the effectiveness of louvre windows in optimizing daylighting within an architectural studio using Revit simulations. The aim was to enhance natural light distribution, minimize glare, and control heat gain to improve comfort and productivity. Simulations were conducted for a 48 m² west-facing studio, testing louvre angles (0°, 15°, 30°, 45°) at different times of day (7:00 AM, 11:00 AM, 1:00 PM, and 4:00 PM). Results indicate that flatter angles (0° and 15°) maximize early morning daylight but increase glare, while steeper angles (30° and 45°) reduce glare but limit illuminance. At midday, moderate angles (15° and 30°) strike a balance between glare control and daylight distribution. In the afternoon, steeper angles (30° and 45°) effectively manage glare while maintaining adequate daylight. The study underscores the trade-off between illuminance and glare control, essential for visual comfort in studios. Optimized daylighting reduces reliance on artificial lighting, promoting energy efficiency and climate change mitigation. However, limitations such as static simulations and lack of real-world validation highlight the need for further research to confirm findings and explore advanced daylighting strategies.
Enhancing real estate price prediction using optimized least squares moment balanced machine
Authors: Radian Khasani Riqi
Published: January 2025

Real estate price prediction is crucial for urban planning and economic forecasting, as property values are influenced by factors such as location and infrastructure. Traditional methods often struggle to capture the complex relationships between these variables, resulting in inefficient land use and suboptimal resource allocation. To address this challenge, this study introduces the Optimized Least Squares Moment Balanced Machine (OLSMBM), an advanced machine learning model designed to enhance the accuracy of real estate price predictions. The model incorporates key features such as transaction date, house age, proximity to MRT stations, number of convenience stores, and geographic location. The OLSMBM was benchmarked against five other machine learning models, including LSSVM, BPNN, ELSIM, Decision Tree, and Linear Regression. The results from a 10-fold cross-validation demonstrate that OLSMBM consistently outperforms other models across five evaluation metrics, including RMSE (6.977), MAE (4.752), MAPE (13.76%), R (0.846), and R² (0.728). The comprehensive evaluation, summarized by the Reference Index (RI), showed that OLSMBM achieved a perfect RI score of 1.000, highlighting its superior performance. These findings underscore the potential of the OLSMBM as a decision-support tool, enhancing the accuracy of real estate price predictions and reinforcing data-driven strategies in urban planning.
Production of bioethanol from sugarcane bagasse using cellulase enzyme
Authors: Rulianah Sri , Adani Putri Shabrina , Prayitno  , Candra Dewi Listiyana , Zaky Aldillah Ahmad
Published: January 2025

Sugarcane bagasse has a high lignocellulose content, namely cellulose content 32–55%, hemicellulose 26.7–32%, and lignin 19–24%. With this content, sugarcane bagasse has good potential to be used as raw material for bioethanol production. In this study, commercial cellulase enzymes were used for the bagasse hydrolysis process. The purpose of this study was to determine the best conditions from variations in the addition of cellulase enzymes and fermentation time on the levels and yield of bioethanol using SSF process in a fermentor. This research was conducted with the following stages: pre-treatment; delignification; analysis of lignocellulose; SSF process; analysis of ethanol content. In this study, the varied factors were the inclusion of 3 and 3,5% (v/v) of cellulase enzymes and the duration of fermentation, from 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 days. The results of this study showed that the addition of 3.5% (v/v) enzyme and fermentation for 7 days were the best conditions, the ethanol content obtained was 2.64%, and the yield was 14.78%. In this study, the hydrolysis process only used a single cellulase enzyme, and it turned out to produce a lower product when compared to using crude cellulase enzymes using
Phanerochaete chrysosporium.
The voice of people’s perspective on the future of health resilience post pandemic hits: A numerically scaled survey in 19 provinces in Indonesia
Authors: Nurlaila Ika , Amalya Dewi Meta
Published: January 2025

For a very long time, Indonesia’s health resilience has struggled with a shortage of sufficient demographic statistics. This will impede the creation of practical plans for allocating resources wisely and assessing public health initiatives. In order to address the present and upcoming health concerns, expanding databases on previous pandemics is essential. The purpose of this study is to investigate the perspective of Indonesians regarding previous pandemics that have impacted the country’s health security. This study was conducted using a cross-sectional design. An overall total of 224 Indonesian people from 19 provinces completed a numerically scaled survey. According to our one-way ANOVA with Games-Howell’s multiple comparisons for the ten variables under observation, people tended to position themselves in fully supporting forms as both self- and government-trusting. On the other hand, they were against ignorance and pessimism towards the government’s handling of the pandemic. Instead, they favoured acting on their own free will to defend themselves without making needless motions. Overall, our data show that people are optimistic and confident in health resilience at the national level because they are aware of how to manage pandemics, and they have faith in the government to handle health crises.
Spatial autocorrelation analysis of non-communicable diseases: Unveiling hidden patterns and hotspots of hypertension in the Yogyakarta Special Region
Authors: Lusiana Vivi , Arif Fahrudin Alfana Muhammad
Published: January 2025

The increasing impact of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), especially hypertension, on global mortality has prompted increased scrutiny, with NCDs disproportionately contributing to epidemiological transitions and economic challenges, especially in low- and middle-income countries in Southeast Asia. Hypertension requires dominant health interventions because hypertension cases in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia dominate other diseases. Therefore, this study addresses the spatial dynamics of hypertension in the Yogyakarta Special Region using spatial autocorrelation techniques. Total population and number of hypertension sufferers is collected from surveillance data and processed through GeoDa. Descriptive quantitative analysis was conducted on hypertension prevalence and spatial distribution of hypertension through quantile maps, Global Moran’s I, and Local Moran’s I (LISA). Findings show a spatial clustering pattern of hypertension prevalence, both hotspots and spatial outliers which has evolved in the period 2019 to 2022. There was significant spatial clustering of hypertension cases, with high-high and low-low prevalence area patterns providing insight into the geographic distribution of risk factors for hypertension prevalence. This study emphasizes the application of novel spatial analysis in public health surveillance in Indonesia, underscoring the effectiveness of spatial autocorrelation techniques in identifying high-risk areas, and as an important step in developing public health strategies and policies.
Patients perception related to pulmonary tuberculosis and adherence medication
Authors: Manurung Nixson , Harahap R. Hamdani , Siregar Fazidah A. , Andayani Lita Sri
Published: January 2025

Pulmonary tuberculosis is a global health problem that could impact on productivity and quality of life. Prevalance of pulmonary tuberculosis was 929 meanwhile only 48.87% with taking medicine. The adherence of pulmonarytuberculosis patients in taking medication is the key for successfull tuberculosis treatment. The aims of this study to explore the perception of patients related to pulmonary tuberculosis and adherence medication. This is a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach. Data collection using in-depth interviews and then analyzed by content analysis. The informants in this study consisted of 10 tuberculosis patients. The results of this study found three themes, namely (1) Prolonged disease, (2) Disease transmission, (3) Adherence medication. It was concluded that a better understading about tuberculosis disease and adherence treatment could contribute to the succesfull of treatment. It was suggested that patient could be aware and encourage to take adherence medication.
Using AHP to prioritize flood mitigation measures in urban areas
Authors: Nugraha Nur Budi , Puspaningrum Alifia , Santosa Yaqutina Marjani
Published: January 2025

This study explores the application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in prioritizing flood mitigation measures for urban areas. The research employs a waterfall method with a quantitative approach, integrating AHP into a comprehensive flood mitigation information system. Key criteria considered include rainfall, topography, water channel conditions, land cover, and population density. The study identifies and evaluates various flood mitigation alternatives, such as early warning systems, river normalization, and drainage system improvements. The AHP analysis yields a consistency ratio of 0.021, indicating reliable judgments in the pairwise comparisons. Results prioritize the construction of early warning systems (0.216), followed by embankment construction (0.151), and drainage system improvement (0.137) as the most effective flood mitigation strategies. The developed system successfully combines spatial data, flood risk analysis, and AHP-based decision-making processes, providing a structured approach to flood management in urban contexts. This research contributes to more informed and efficient flood mitigation planning, offering a valuable tool for urban planners and policymakers in addressing the complex challenges of urban flooding.
Addition of EM-4 (effective microorganisms-4) to reduce BOD (biologycal oxygen demand) of batik cap waste in Pekalongan City
Authors: Kiswanto  , Wintah
Published: January 2025

The Biologycal Oxygen Demand (BOD) level of batik cap liquid waste in Pekalongan City exceeds the quality standard, which is 3549.67.53 mg/l. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of EM-4 on the decrease in BOD of batik cap liquid waste. The method used in this research was pretest-postest with control group. The population of this study was a stamped batik making home industry that does not yet have an IPAL. Samples were taken from liquid batik cap waste from the production process. The study used 3 variations of EM-4 doses, namely 0 ml / l, 5 ml / l, 10 ml / l and 15 ml / l with incubation time for 1, 2, 3 days and replication 3 times. From the results of the study obtained a decrease in BOD with the addition of EM-4 (5 ml/l, 10 ml/l, and 15 ml/l) of 61.24%, 90.71% and 92.42%. BOD levels after treatment decreased to quality standards, namely; 300 mg/l. The results of statistical tests using two-way anova show that there is an effect of the addition of EM-4 on the decrease in BOD of stamped batik liquid waste.
Environmental DNA and its role in identifying yeast biodiversity in mangrove ecosystem: A literature review
Authors: Kusuma Rahayu Lila , Retnaningsih Soeprobowati Tri , Warsito Budi
Published: January 2025

Yeast biodiversity in mangrove ecosystems is crucial for their health and ecological functions. However, traditional methods often fail to detect yeast species that are difficult to culture or slow growing, leaving a significant portion of this biodiversity undetected. This study explores the use of environmental DNA (eDNA) as an alternative method for identifying yeast species in mangrove ecosystems, addressing data gaps left by conventional methods. Data is collected from various relevant literature sources, including scientific journals, books, and research reports. The literature review reveals that eDNA analysis can improve conservation management by providing robust biodiversity assessments. Future research should focus on understanding eDNA persistence, ecological implications, and improving bioinformatics for better data interpretation. In-depth long-term studies are recommended to study the temporal and spatial dynamics of yeast communities in mangrove ecosystems. Further validation of the eDNA method in various environmental conditions is needed to ensure reliability. Research on yeast interactions with other ecosystem components and the impact of human activities like pollution and habitat change is also important.
Comparative analysis of composting with ecoenzymes and bioactivator MOL based on parameters of pH, temperature, and water content
Authors: Sumiyati Sri , Priyambada Ika Bagus , Zahra Siti Anisa Fitria , Pradhana Daffa Reyhan , Julianggara Muhammad Iqbal , Febriana Tarisa Farrelia , Putri Jema Nawa Agatha , Saputra Muhammad Nafizaldi
Published: January 2025

Composting is a process of decomposition of organic matter by various microorganisms that help process of overhauling organic matter, resulting in changes in both structure and texture. Composting occurs naturally with a long process, bioactive ingredients such as bioactivator MOL and ecoenzym are needed. Bioactivator MOL and ecoenzyme are microorganisms made from natural ingredients such as fruits and vegetables and as a medium for developing microorganisms that can accelerate the composting process. The purpose of this study is to analyze the comparison of composting between the addition of ecoenzymes and mole bioactivator based on the parameters of pH, temperature, and water content. Study carriedout for one year using the experimental method. Samples in the form of organic waste with the addition of bioactivator MOL and ecoenzyme stored in wooden storage. The results to be achieved from this research are the effectiveness level of the addition bioactivator MOL and econzym in organic composting, as well as providing solutions from various existing composting methods.
Changes in soil chemical composition due to the influence of seawater and its effect on geotechnical investigations
Authors: Widiarso Dian Agus , Qadaryati Nurakhmi , Winarno Tri
Published: January 2025

North coast area of Semarang affected by the effect of seawater intrusion due to excessive groundwater pumping and seawater level rise, which impacted to characteristics of sediment and even the environment. The interaction between seawater and sediment can accelerate the compressibility process in sediments of areas in Semarang, resulting in land subsidence, as mentioned in previous studies mentioned. This research aimed to observe the influence of seawater intrusion on physical and chemical of sediment’s characteristics in north coastal area of Semarang. Sediment samples (obtained by drilling) and seawater samples are collected from 4 locations in Tambakharjo area, West Semarang. The sediment samples analyzed using XRD, whereas the seawater samples area tested using water chemistry test. The results of both tests are used to model the interaction between seawater and sediments, which is equilibrium modeling using Phreeqc 3.4. The modeling reveals the volume reduction in sediment, due to tendency of montmorillonite to release SiO2 in seawater. The interaction between sediment and seawater shows a change in montmorillonite to illite under the same conditions. This research convey that chemical composition is important to be considered in geotechnical investigation, alongside the physical properties of the lithology in usual.
Feasibility study for the collection of wasted vegetable oils in the Canton of Baños De Agua Santa and proposal for the incorporation of a biodiesel production plant as a strategy for sustainable urban development
Authors: Luna Radharani Alzate , Mena Alfredo , Setiadi Rukuh
Published: January 2025

In Ecuador, there is 51.78% of renewable energy from which 1.55% is biomass. The development of technologies regarding Waste-to-Energy is clearly an urge. This study seeks to promote the implementation of this type of technology, in concordance with the SDGs. Baños de Agua Santa, is one of the most visited tourist locations in Latin America and does not have a waste recycling plan. The objective of this project was to evaluate the feasibility of recycling vegetable oil and to provide a solution for the existing environmental problems that would incorporate a biodiesel production plant. Therefore, an informational survey of the amount of oil discarded daily by restaurants was collected and data was evaluated to determine the adequate capacity of a biodiesel plant.In addition, the amount of CO2 that could be reduced if biofuel was incorporated in the same county or in places of ecosystems conservation, like the Galapagos Islands, was calculated. The implementation of a biodiesel production plant would definitely play a significant role in order to promote a sustainable development in the city of Baños de Agua Santa. Cash flow made for 5 years show a NPV of $50,314.89, wish a decrease of1,923,902.16 g of CO2.
Calcium reduction of stingray (Himantura gerrardi) bones with EDTA disodium salt assisted ultrasound
Authors: Priyosetyoko Priyosetyoko , Meiny Suzery , Widayat Widayat
Published: January 2025

Calcium reduction of bone is crucial to collagen purification and gelatin synthesis from fish bones. Research on the effect of immersion time on the reduction of calcium products assisted by ultrasound at 950 W 25 kHz on the bones of Himantura
gerrardi stingrays has been carried out. This study used 0.1 M EDTA disodium salt as a chelating agent to form complex Ca-EDTA compounds with variations in immersion time for 0, 2, 4, 6, 10, 16, 18, 20, 22, and 24 hours. The results of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis showed that soaking for 24 hours produced calcium at a level of 1.16%, which was the lowest level in this research. The results of the analysis using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) instrument have detected amide A, amide B, amide I, amide II, and amide III at 3275, 2920, 1634, 1541, and 1240 cm-1, respectively. In addition, a typical wave absorption has been found in the fingerprint region 1021 and 559 cm-1, similar to the vibrational characteristics of PO³⁻ in hydroxyapatite compounds. This study has shown the potential for stingray bone waste to be used for the purification of bone collagen and to produce hydroxyapatite.
Stability of the generalized compressible Oldroyd-B model
Authors: Zhai Xiaoping , Zhao Yajuan
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we focus on the generalized compressible Oldroyd-B model and investigate the stability near some equilibrium states in a periodic domain Td(d=2,3). More precisely, we get the global strong solutions of this model under the assumption that initial data is sufficiently small. Furthermore, we also derive the exponentially decay of the solutions. Due to the lack of dissipation for velocity field, this stability problem is not trivial. In the absence of the stress tensor, the fluid velocity is governed by the compressible Euler equation. And it is widely known that solutions to the compressible Euler equations in all dimensions have been shown to develop finite-time singularities from smooth initial data such as shocks and cusps. Our result in this paper subsequently indicates the stabilizing effect of the stress tensor for viscoelastic fluids. The approach is based on delicate energy estimate together with the trick of transferring dissipation from the stress tensor to the velocity and cancellation structure.
Effects of local mutations in quadratic iterations
Authors: Rǎdulescu Anca , Longbotham Abraham , Collier Ashelee
Published: January 2025

We introduce mutations in the process of discrete iterations of complex quadratic maps in the family fc(z)=z2+c. More specifically, we consider a “correct” function fc1 acting on the complex plane. A “mutation” fc0 is a different (“erroneous”) map acting on a locus of given radius r around a mutation focal point ξ∗. The effect of the mutation is interpolated radially to eventually recover the original map fc1 when reaching an outer radius R. We call the resulting map a “mutated” map. In the theoretical framework of mutated iterations, we study how a mutation affects the temporal evolution of the system and the asymptotic behavior of its orbits. We use the prisoner set of the system to quantify simultaneously the long-term behavior of the entire space under mutated maps. We analyze how the position, timing, and size of the mutation can alter the system’s long-term evolution (as encoded in the topology of its prisoner set). The framework is then discussed as a metaphoric model for studying the impact of copying errors in natural replication systems.