bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antalya İli İçme Suyu Kaynaklarının Hidrojeokimyasal Özellikleri ve Sağlık Risk Değerlendirmesi
Authors: ŞENER Şehnaz , BEKTAŞ Sıla
Published: September 2021

Bu çalışmada, Antalya ili içme suyu kaynaklarının hidrojeokimyasal özellikleri incelenerek, sağlık risk değerlendirmesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bölgedeki pompa istasyonları ve kaynaklardan Mayıs (2020) ve Ekim (2020) aylarında alınan su örneklerine ait analiz sonuçları kullanılarak suların hidrojeokimyasal özellikleri, kullanılabilirlikleri ve kalite durumları incelenmiştir. Bölgedeki sular Ca-CO3 ve Ca-Mg-HCO3’lü sular sınıfındadır. Suların analiz sonuçları TS-266 (2005) ve WHO (2011) tarafından belirtilen içme suyu limit değerleriyle karşılaştırılmıştır. TS-266’ya göre suların genel olarak içilebilir özellikte olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ancak, suların Mg, HCO3 ve TDS değerleri bakımından WHO (2011) limit değerlerini aştığı görülmektedir. Suların sağlık risk değerlendirmesini yapmak ve insan sağlığına etkilerini belirlemek için USEPA tarafından geliştirilen “Sağlık riski değerlendirme yöntemi” kullanılmıştır. Çalışma alanındaki suların insan sağlığı açısından ciddi boyutta risk taşımadığı ancak depolardan alınan suların As içeriklerinin kısmen yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, bu suların özellikle çocuklar tarafından tüketilmesi önerilmemektedir.
POLIO VACCINE;
Authors: Azam Naila , Mohsin Shamaila , Hashmi Aamira , Imran Muhammad , Ali Farman , Furqan Aamir
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To assess knowledge and attitude of young doctors serving in Tertiarycare Hospitals regarding the IPV intervention and polio eradication campaign. Study Design:A cross sectional descriptive study. Setting: Five Tertiary Care Hospitals in Rawalpindi andIslamabad. Period: Oct 2015-Nov 2015. Methods: Proportionate random sampling techniquewas used to select a sample of 100 doctors working in pediatrics wards and out patientsdepartments (OPD). After taking informed consent the data was collected using a standardizedQuestionnaire to measure level of awareness among this cohort of Health care providers. Datawere entered and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Baseline distinctiveness (demographic)was summarized by descriptive statistics. The statistical inference was drawn using Chi squaretest, p value of ≤ 0.05 was considered as significant. Results The study sample comprised of47 males and 53 females. Mean age of participants was 29.8 ± 5.7. There were 15% HouseOfficers, 45% Post Graduate Trainees, 30% Medical Officers and 10% consultants in thesample. Majority of doctors (65%) expressed disinterest and doubt about polio immunizationwhile 40% suggested focus on sanitation and health promotion before immunization. Amongthe participants only 29% had attended polio surveillance training workshop in last 2 years andparticipated in polio National Immunization days. There was no significant association betweenknowledge about IPV and years of experience(x2 =2.68, p= 0.433). Conclusion: This studysuggests that there was inadequate knowledge of doctors in tertiary care hospitals regardingIPV and polio eradication efforts in Pakistan.
TUBERCULOUS MENINGITIS;
Authors: Ali Sabir , Mahmood Adil , Fayyaz Muhammad , Naseem Faiza
Published: September 2021

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis constitutes 6% of alltuberculosis cases and tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most serious manifestation. Despiteeffective anti-tuberculous medicines, 20-50% of tuberculous patients die and significant numberof patients have neurological deficits. Failure to initiate anti-tuberculous therapy in the earlystages of the disease may lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Setting: MW-1, MW-III andMW-IV of Bahawal Victoria hospital Bahawalpur. Methods: All patients of tuberculous meningitisdiagnosed on the basis of the clinical criteria and cerebrospinal fluid examination (WBC ≥15,predominant lymphocytes and sugar level ≤40 mg/dl) were included in the study. Age, gender,and GCS level of the patients were recorded. Every patient was observed for mortality withintwo weeks after admission (within ward or enquired on mobile phone if patient was dischargedearly). Results: A total of 73 patients were included in the study. The mean age of patientswas 36.71 years with standard deviation of 17.161 years. Out of 73 patients, 31 (42.47%)patients were male and 42 (57.53%) were female. Out of 73 patients, 12 (16.44%) patients oftuberculous meningitis had mortality while 61 (83.56%) patients had no mortality. Conclusion:Tuberculous meningitis is a chronic illness with relatively high mortality and morbidity. Low levelof consciousness on admission to hospital is an important predictor for mortality.
Flow cytometry potential applications in characterizing solid tumors main phenotype, heterogeneity and circulating cells
Authors: Louis WAECKEL , Guorong LI , Anne-Emmanuelle BERGER , Claude LAMBERT
Published: September 2021

Flow cytometry (FCM) is a unique technique that allows rapid quantitative measurement of multiple parameters on a large number of cells at the individual level. FCM is based on immunolabelling with fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies, leading to high sensitivity and precision while time effective sample preparation. FCM can be performed on tissue following enzymatic or mechanical dissociation. The expression of epithelial antigens and cytokeratin isoforms help in distinguishing tumor cells from adjacent epithelial cells and from tumor infiltrating leukocytes. Tumor phenotypes can be characterized on expression intensity, aberrancies and presence of tumor-associated antigens as well as their cell proliferation rate and eventual heteroploidy. FCM can measure quantitative expression of hormone or growth factor receptors, immunoregulatory proteins to guide adjuvant therapy. Expression of adhesion molecules tells on tumor’s capacity for tissue invasion and metastasis seeding. Tumor heterogeneity can be explored quantitatively and rare, potentially emerging, clones with poor prognosis can be detected. FCM is easily applicable on fine needle aspiration and in any tumor related biological fluids. FCM can also be used to detect circulating tumor cells (CTC) to assess metastatic potential at diagnosis or during treatment. Detecting CTC could allow early detection of tumors before they are clinically expressed although some difficulties still need to be solved. It thus appears that FCM should be in the pathologist tool box to improve cancer diagnosis, classification and prognosis evaluation as well as in orientating personalized adjuvant therapy and immunotherapy. More developments are still required to better known tumor phenotypes and their potential invasiveness.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE STOCK MARKET DEVELOPMENT, BANKING SECTOR DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN THE CEE COUNTRIES
Authors: Yemelyanova Lidiya
Published: September 2021

The stock markets of most CEE countries have been actively developing and improving over the past decades but they still do not belong to the developed markets according to MSCI classification, the financial systems of these countries tends towards the bank-oriented type. Does the level of stock market development affect economic growth in CEE countries and do these countries need to develop their stock markets accordingly? The purpose of this article is to identify the direction of the causal link between stock market development, banking sector development and economic growth in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. The subject of the research is the relationship between the stock market development, banking sector development and economic growth in the CEE countries. Methodology. The research is based on the annual data for two time periods 1999-2012 and 1999-2015 for the 8 and 5 CEE countries, respectively. The study is based on the Granger causality test and linear regression models. According to results of the research the stock market development plays an important role in attracting foreign direct investment and economic growth in CEE countries in the long-run period. There are revealed the channels of indirect influence of the stock market capitalization on the economic growth. Stock market capitalization has impact on the banking sector and gross capital formation, which in turn have impact on the economic growth of CEE countries. There is the impact of both the stock market and the banking sector development on the economic growth in CEE countries during 1999-2015. However, the impact of the stock market size on the economic growth is positive and the impact of domestic credit to private sector is negative. Practical implications. The study proves the reasonable need for the CEE countries to move towards further development of the stock market, improving the market infrastructure and institutional environment in order to expand the size of the stock market and thereby contribute to the economic growth of this countries. Value/originality. The obtained conclusion about the role of the stock market in economic growth and attraction of FDI is of great importance both for Ukraine and other countries with similar trajectory of economic development in general and similar historical aspects of the origin of stock markets in particular and should be taken into account by state leaders when making decisions on the need to create conditions for development of such element of the country’s financial system as the stock market.
NANOECONOMICS AND INNOVATIVE MARKETING AS FACTORS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Ostapenko Tetiana , Kolesnyk Maksym
Published: September 2021

The relevance of the research topic is determined by the fact that the world is changing towards the environmental situation deterioration: ozone holes, air pollution and water contamination, food crisis and many natural disasters. These problems must be solved at all possible levels – global, local and individual. The object of the research is defined as influence of nanoeconomics on the sustainable development of different national economics and world economy in general. The peculiarities of the global environment in the context of sustainable development should be outlined at these levels and mainly at the level of nanoeconomics. The purpose of the study is to identify the individual innovative factor in global sustainable development. The subject of research is nanoeconomics in the framework innovative marketing of global sustainable development. The main research methods are a systematic approach and structural analysis, comparison and observation, mathematical methods (regression analysis, in particular). The results of the study include the assessment of three sustainable development components (economic, ecological and social), their impact on the quality of the global environment, nanoeconomics and innovative marketing. The results obtained can be used in the elaboration of state programs for sustainable development with the focus on the global, national and individual levels as well as on the education and upbringing in different educational establishments from preschool institutions to corporate universities. Sustainable development of the countries studied is determined by the high rates of the environmental protection policy. Although the environmental pollution is still ongoing, there is a tendency of a less hazardous impact on the natural world. Waste is recycled rather than utilized, which is an act of the consumer system improvement when not only brand new goods and services are purchased but also those that can easily be processed. Such policy reflects an economically frugal approach to the environmental development. To sum up, the social component is crucial for sustainable development since all the countries under study are highly developed and the poverty is not a decisive factor of the development with the food problem solved long ago. However, helping those in need becomes the basis for the governmental and the private sector activity. These issues are resolved with the implementation of the Agenda 2030. Hence, the global sustainable development goals are subject to the economic, social and environmental factors of nanoeconomic evolution in the countries studied.
Urbanisation Footprints and the Distribution of Air Quality in Nairobi City, Kenya
Authors: Oyugi Maurice O
Published: September 2021

Various postulations on the relationship between urban morphology and air quality are qualitative. This fails to establish the strength of the contributions of each morphological parameter in the spatial distribution of the air quality. It is this gap in knowledge that this study sought to fill by modelling the correlation existing between the urban morphological variables of development density, land uses, biomass index and air quality values of Nairobi city. While 30 development zones of the city constituted the target population, IKONOS satellite imagery of the city for the year 2015 was utilised in establishing the development densities, land uses and biomass index. The parameters were transformed into numerical surrogates ranging from 1 to 10 with lower values accorded to zones with low biomass index, the highest development density, noxious land uses, high gaseous concentrations and vice-versa. Pearson’s correlation coefficients (r), coefficients of determination (R), t-tests and the Analysis of Variance (F-tests) with levels of significance being 95% were used to determine the strengths, significances and consistencies of the established relationships. The study established that development density is the most significant morphological variable influencing the distribution of air quality. This is followed by biomass index and to a weaker extent, land uses.
The influence of seed transfer distance on the growth of Calotropis procera (ait) provenances in dry lands of South Eastern Kenya
Authors: Festus Mbatha Mutiso  , Malia Jacinta Kimiti  , Alice Njeri Muchugi  , Josphert Ngui Kimatu
Published: September 2021

In a study to domesticate the species Calotropis procera, for wool production in drylands, investigations were done to determine the effects of seed transfer distance on the growth of the species in a typical farm setting. The objectives of the research were to determine the growth of three provenances of C. procera and to determine the influence of seed transfer distance on the growth parameters. Diameter and height data were used to generate horizontal and vertical growth curves respectively and further subjected to Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) to isolate existence of significant differences across the three provenances. Pearson correlation analysis was used to establish existence of relationships across the growth parameters. Results showed that C. procera is a multi-stemmed plant. Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) showed no significant statistical differences (p<0.5) in diameter growth though Pearson correlation analysis, showed strong positive correlations (Pearson, p<0.01) between branching and DBH Test of homogeneity of variances showed significant statistical differences (p<0.5) in vertical growth The study concluded that C. procera is a multi-stemmed plant that can reach a height of 4.48m and a diameter of 7.4cm in two years. It is recommended that C. procera seeds for raising nursery stock should be sourced from the nearest source possible. This will reduce the environmental and climatic effects associated with long distance seed transfers and ensure the species benefits from home-site advantages.
DESCARTES E A TECHNÉ MODERNA
Authors: Nascimento Antônio José
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo analisa a contribuição de Heidegger para o entendimento de como a metafísica cartesiana da subjetividade concorreu para a concretização técnica do mundo, posto que essa posição metafísica se torna verdadeiramente conspícua para a nova liberdade do homem e para o modo de ser técnico da ciência moderna. Na representação matemática da natureza como objeto (ante)posto por um sujeito, o mundo então convertido em imagem, como pretende Heidegger, passa a constituir a essência da época moderna. Deveras, com sua redução a equações matemáticas, a res extensa é preparada para se transformar de matéria natural em produto da técnica. A centralidade do cogito, enquanto operador basilar da cognição calculadora, demarca o horizonte no qual tudo se desdobra como produto da vontade do homem, de sua projetualidade. Nesse sentido, a técnica  assoma como manifestação instrumental dessa vontade, e seu caráter – o de ser uma técnica científica, uma tecno-loghia - está subtendido no enquadramento matemático do saber calculante da ciência que emerge da racionalidade estruturada pela ontologia cartesiana, destinada a servir de meio para o controle e domínio da totalidade do real.
CLIO NO PALÁCIO DE MINERVA: DIÁLOGOS EPISTEMOLÓGICOS
Authors: Xavier Antônio Roberto , Chagas Eduardo Ferreira , Reginaldo Sídney Guerra
Published: September 2021

Este artigo parte do pressuposto de que o debate sobre se a História é Ciência é sempre atual e necessário. Desse modo, esta escrita tem por objetivo principal explicitar as principais concepções e acepções sobre História e Ciência na perspectiva teórico-metodológica do conhecimento. Para tanto, buscou-se fundamentação em fontes secundárias de livros e artigos de periódicos científicos que abordam qualitativamente as principais categorias expostas no título desta pesquisa de cunho teórico-bibliográfico. No tocante à interpretação das fontes, aplicou-se a análise do conteúdo e do discurso como técnicas no âmbito de um processo histórico-dialético-crítico. Em conclusão, percebe-se que o conteúdo textual buscou atender às demandas suscitadas na problemática e no objetivo principal, visando trazer uma contribuição acadêmico-científica de forma relevante. Por fim, restou demonstrado que a História é Ciência de raciocínio e essencialmente investigativa, que busca o conhecimento das ações ou omissões dos viventes no tempo e no espaço, seus efeitos, impactos ou sentidos nos diferentes contextos da sociedade.
UMA BREVE INVESTIGAÇÃO SOBRE O ETHOS CIENTÍFICO EM UM MUNDO HIPERMODERNO
Authors: Andrade Claudia Castro de
Published: September 2021

Ao tratar do ethos científico, o artigo tenciona discutir os novos sentidos hipermodernos que dirigem a conduta social e, por conseguinte, o “fazer científico”, por vezes limitado à prática experimental que prescinde das discussões prévias sobre suas condições sociais. Não se pretende subalternar a ciência, enquanto corpo de conhecimento, à mera condição de algo dependente do caráter social em que se encontra nem reduzir e converter a ciência a questões sociológicas, mas de destacar como o ethos científico, produto de seu contexto social e, desse modo, posterior a todo um movimento primariamente humano, pode alterar o que entendemos por ciência. Com isso, esse trabalho pretende não discorrer sobre o que é a ciência, afinal, ou sobre as estruturas que compõem as revoluções científicas, mas sobre as condições sociais e os valores intrínsecos a novas urgências, sem, no entanto, provocar a redução ingênua da metodologia científica ao que se destacou aqui como “ethos científico”.
O ENSINO DE FILOSOFIA E A PEDAGOGIA DO CONCEITO; UMA ABORDAGEM NECESSÁRIA NO ÂMBITO DO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Sousa José Renato de Araújo , Silva Gleison Lima da
Published: September 2021

Ao pensar as linhas e o percurso histórico do ensino de filosofia no Brasil, especificamente no âmbito do ensino médio iremos nos deparar com inúmeros paradoxos e tensões curriculares que não favorecem a relação do ensino de filosofia com a pedagogia do conceito, impedindo assim que esta atividade meramente pedagógica venha a se tornar um exercício verdadeiramente filosófico. Nesse sentido, à luz dos filósofos franceses Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari, torna-se relevante explicitar a pedagogia do conceito e suas possíveis contribuições para o ensino de filosofia no contexto do ensino médio. A partir do diálogo com estes e outros teóricos, teremos como objetivo pensar a pedagogia do conceito como possibilidade de construção de saberes filosóficos e superação do ensino de filosofia tradicional. A metodologia utilizada para a construção de saberes neste estudo foi à pesquisa bibliográfica a partir da leitura atenta de teóricos como Deleuze (1992), Severino (2010), Gallo (2012), documentos oficiais como os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (1999) dentre outros. O artigo está organizado em uma breve introdução apresentando a temática, os objetivos, o percurso metodológico, dois capítulos subsequentes enfatizando algumas problematizações válidas e necessárias acerca do uso do ensino de filosofia no ensino médio sob a perspectiva Deleuzoguattariana, em seguida, as considerações finais sintetizando as principais ideias discutidas ao longo do texto.
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A QUESTÃO DA TÉCNICA A PARTIR DO SEMINÁRIO DE LE THOR DE MARTIN HEIDEGGER
Authors: Saadeh Manuela Santos
Published: September 2021

Os quatro seminários de Thor de Heidegger se configuram como um estudo da história da Metafísica em suas transformações mais fundamentais. Neles, o filósofo começa por mostrar a história da Metafísica resumidamente do seu princípio ao seu ocaso. Neste artigo, o foco é precisamente o de problematizar a questão de saber como e porque Heidegger ensina que a partir da concepção – implicitamente enviada ao longo de dois mil e quinhentos anos de pensamento filosófico – do Ser enquanto a entidade do ente, o Ser ele mesmo, o Um, se tornou finalmente a técnica moderna a partir dos desdobramentos históricos do pensamento ocidental, a Metafísica.
A LITERATURA SOBRE O ESCOLA SEM PARTIDO E OS TEMAS PRINCIPAIS: UM ESTADO DA ARTE
Authors: Araújo Raquel Dias
Published: September 2021

O artigo apresenta um estado da arte sobre o movimento Escola sem Partido (EsP), tomando como referência uma amostra de produções científicas publicadas entre os anos de 2018 e 2020 e como ponto de partida o trabalho de Rossi e Pátaro (2020), os quais se debruçaram sobre produções relativas aos anos de 2016 a 2018. Foram revisadas 49 produções para a elaboração desse artigo, que revelaram que a doutrinação e a ideologia de gênero são categorias centrais no discurso do EsP, sendo complementadas por outras que tem uma relação umbilical com o discurso reacionário do movimento. Assim, Rossi e Pátaro (2020) agruparam quatro categorias, a saber, currículo escolar, ideologia e neutralidade, “ideologia de gênero” e implicações do EsP para docentes e discentes. Nós agrupamos sete categorias, sendo duas semelhantes às de Rossi e Pátaro, “ideologia de gênero” e neutralidade, além de doutrinação, desdemocratização versus democracia e educação democrática, criminalização do(a) professor(a), EsP como discurso/movimento reacionário e educar versus instruir. A literatura revisada revelou que o fortalecimento do EsP em 2014/2015 está relacionado com o avanço das forças conservadoras no Brasil, constituindo-se num movimento social representativo do conservadorismo na educação.
TRABALHO FUNDANTE E SUBSTÂNCIA DO SER SOCIAL SEGUNDO O ÚLTIMO LUKÁCS – OBSERVAÇÕES PRELIMINARES
Authors: Araujo Paulo Henrique Furtado de
Published: September 2021

O artigo, tem por objetivo demonstrar que Lukács, em sua Para uma Ontologia do Ser Social, situa a categoria trabalho (universal/geral) como fundante do Ser Social, categoria acionadora do processo de afastamento da barreira natural que associa-se ao processo de humanização do ser humano. A humanização do ser humano se revela como a substância específica do ser social. Substância que é continuidade na mudança, mas que também se modifica de acordo com cada formação social específica em que se apresenta e manifesta fenomenicamente. Decorre que a compreensão de substância oferecida por Lukács é totalmente distinta da apreensão idealista-religiosa predominante em amplos setores da tradição filosófica ocidental. Para Lukács, a possibilidade de se identificar a permanência, permite que se capture a coisa enquanto essência. Ainda assim, trata-se de uma essência em permanente devir e que se instaura a partir da protoforma do agir humano – o trabalho geral/universal. Por fim, o artigo expõe o tratamento dado por Lukács ao conceito de liberdade e como esse conceito de liberdade se associa ao de substância do ser social.
Proteção do trabalho das pessoas com deficiência no âmbito internacional: [des]conexões entre Organização Internacional do Trabalho e o Comitê Internacional sobre os direitos das pessoas com deficiência
Authors: Barbosa Sak Laís Teixeira , Peruzzo Pedro Pulzatto , Beltramelli Neto Silvio
Published: September 2021

Apesar de a Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT) ter dedicado grande atenção ao tema do Trabalho Decente desde o ano 2000,  esta não tem feito alusão às pessoas com deficiência (PcDs) nos principais documentos internacionais sobre este tema, sendo, pois, “Trabalho Decente” e “pessoas com deficiência” tratados reiteradamente em agendas distintas. Em 2020, um documento da OIT sobre condições de trabalho das PcDs durante a pandemia ocasionada pelo COVID-19 foi embrionário neste sentido por aludir que as decisões no momento de pandemia repercutiriam no acesso de tais pessoas ao Trabalho Decente. Considerando o compromisso de cooperação internacional e, especialmente, as diversas orientações do Comitê Internacional sobre Direitos das Pessoas com Deficiência (Comitê), criado pela ONU em 2007, acerca do direito ao trabalho e emprego das PcDs, analisar-se-á se é possível afirmar que há alguma convergência entre as orientações da OIT e do Comitê em relação ao Trabalho Decente para as PcDs. Foram empregados os métodos hipotético-dedutivo e documental (análise qualitativa), sendo assumida como hipótese a inexistência de convergência conceitual entre os dois organismos internacionais quanto à promoção do Trabalho Decente. O trabalho analisa vários documentos destes organismos sobre “Trabalho Decente”, “trabalho e PcDs”, incluindo convenções, declarações e outros documentos, bem como o diretório “jurisprudência do Comitê”. Embora os organismos possuam expressões diferentes, conclui-se que há certa convergência entre ambos para promover condições dignas de trabalho às PcDs, mas falta interação para mútuo conhecimento das barreiras enfrentadas pelas PcDs no trabalho.
Using CLIL Basics in Teaching English to Future Engineers in Digital Educational Environment
Authors: Zakharova Olga Olegovna
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the study is to theoretically substantiate and experimentally test the effectiveness of applying the basics of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) to English teaching in digital educational environment. The article considers features of using the CLIL approach in future engineers’ language training. Scientific novelty lies in developing a model for incorporating the CLIL basics into teaching of the subject “Foreign Language in Professional Activity”, using digital technologies. As a result, the positive outcomes of the methodological experiment on the incorporation of the proposed model are summarised and its functioning conditions are indicated.
Empirical Approaches to Assessing Phonological Competence in English as Lingua Franca
Authors: Liubimova Alina Andreevna
Published: September 2021

The research objective is to describe the existing empirical approaches to assessing the components of phonological competence, such as intelligibility, comprehensibility and accentedness. The article examines international approaches to assessing English-language phonological competence. In particular, the author analyzes the methods of quantitative assessment of foreign-language speech parameters: intelligibility, comprehensibility and accentedness. In accordance with the research objective and relying on the existing empirical studies, the author identifies advantages and shortcomings of the assessment methods under discussion, reveals the conditions of their usage, evaluates reasonability of their application in linguo-didactic studies
on foreign-language phonological competence development in higher education. Scientific originality
of the paper lies in the fact that the researcher analyzes international standards to assess English-language phonological competence according to the Common European Framework of Reference (2020). The research findings are as follows: the author identifies the basic advantages and shortcomings of the assessment methods under discussion, evaluates reasonability of their application in linguo-didactic studies on foreign-language phonological competence development in higher education students.
Using “Academic Discussion” Technology in Practical English Classes with Officer Cadets and Trainees in Educational Organisations of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia
Authors: Shashkova Valentina Nikolaevna
Published: September 2021

The study aims to demonstrate the possibilities of organising practical English classes, using
the pedagogical technology “academic discussion”. The article outlines the difficulties of conducting
an academic discussion in educational organisations of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia, against
the backdrop of which the specificity of this technology, which requires consideration when training per-sonnel for internal affairs agencies, is shown. Using the example of the topic “Identification in Police Investigation”, the author demonstrates the possibility of organising an academic discussion in a group of officer cadets and/or trainees. Scientific novelty of the study lies in identifying the optimal ways to imple-ment
the “academic discussion” technology for the development of foreign-language professional communica-tive competence of officer cadets and trainees in educational organisations of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia. As a result, the author has developed an algorithm for conducting an academic discussion
as a form of organising practical English classes, the main purpose of which is to improve foreign-language professional communicative competence in the field of oral speech.
Comparative Analysis of Ideas about Young Scientist in the Russian and Foreign Academic Practice
Authors: Bakhova Natalya Aleksandrovna
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the study is to determine portrait characteristics of a young scientist in the foreign and Russian academic practice in order to design pedagogical conditions for their development in the university environment. The article presents an overview of research papers on the issue of determining specifics of the “young scientist” and “young scientist’s competence” categories, as well as legal documents regulating requirements for participants of grant and competitive programmes for young scientists. The study is novel in that it defines the category “young scientist” as a specific socio-professional group of scientists distinguished within the academic community on the basis of a number of criteria (among them are age; degree of involvement in a research project; qualification requirements and others) and the category “young scientist’s competence” as a person’s integrative dynamic quality expressed in their awareness of social and personal significance of research activities with the purpose of obtaining new knowledge, in internal motive for its implementation revealed in the process of productive solution of research tasks on the basis of the mastered system of methodological knowledge, methods and ways of research. The author has also determined the range of the pedagogical conditions contributing to young scientists’ academic career development in higher education institutions of the Russian Federation (actualising young scientists’ motivation for research work, enriching the educational environment of a university with event-based practices, involving a young scientist in the activity and reflexive process of competence development). As a result, based on a comparative analysis of the Russian and foreign experience, practical recommendations for specialised structural divisions of the Russian universities in terms of organising young scientists’ effective research work have been formulated.
Junior Pupils’ Project Skills: Essence and Assessment
Authors: Abisheva Irina Vladimirovna
Published: September 2021

The paper aims to identify the actual level of junior pupils’ project skills. The author theoretically justifies requirements for problem-setting, goal-setting, planning skills, describes the procedure to assess junior pupils’ project skills, provides a comparative analysis of 2018-2020 data provided by the Center of Education Quality Assessment of Krasnoyarsk Region. The data analysis indicates a substantial gap in the level of individual and collective competence, reveals project skills deficiency among 2nd-4th-grade pupils. The researcher develops and introduces into educational process assessment tools to evaluate junior pupils’ project skills, proposes an innovative approach to organizing their project activity, which constitutes scientific originality of the study. The research findings are as follows: the author identifies a substantial gap in the level of individual and collective competence in problem-setting, goal-setting, planning.
Formation of Future Teachers’ Professional Reflection during Pedagogical Practice
Authors: Bobryshov Sergey Viktorovich , Sumenko Larisa Vasil'evna , Taran Olga Alekseevna
Published: September 2021

The research objectives are as follows: to reveal meaningful aspects of future teachers’ professional reflection, to identify conditions of professional reflection formation during pedagogical practice. The article describes features of professional pedagogical reflection formed as a result of interaction of cooperative, communicative, personal and intellectual reflection; it is shown that professional reflection determines specificity of pedagogical consciousness and pedagogical activity, being a key element of professional readiness. The authors present results of studying students’ professional reflection level; identify gaps in their professional training. The paper justifies the thesis that future teachers’ professional reflection is formed through algorithmic analysis of pedagogical phenomena and through reflection on pedagogical situations arising during pedagogical practice. A model to form students’ professional reflection is proposed. Scientific originality of the study involves developing a model to form students’ professional reflection during pedagogical practice. The proposed model contains purpose-oriented, organizational, controlling analytical and correctional blocks. The research findings are as follows: for each stage of training, the authors specify goals, content, forms and methods of work on forming future teachers’ professional reflection, identify areas of diagnostics and correctional work associated with this process.
Forming Preschoolers’ Functional Literacy in the Process of Literary Education in the Native (Udmurt) Language
Authors: Borodina Anna Yevgenyevna
Published: September 2021

The paper justifies the necessity to form preschoolers’ functional literacy. The research objective includes identifying peculiarities of the Udmurt preschool literary education focused on forming preschoolers’ reading competence and basic components of functional literacy. The article justifies the thesis that preschoolers’ functional literacy can be formed in the process of literary education in the native (Udmurt) language. The author introduces an authorial educational-methodological complex “Зарни бугор” aimed to form preschoolers’ native language literacy, and herein lies scientific originality of the study. The conducted research allows drawing the following conclusions: preschool literary education in the native (Udmurt) language should focus on forming preschoolers’ native language literacy; the educational-methodological complex “Зарни бугор” can be efficiently used to form preschoolers’ native language skills.
Techniques to Overcome Native Language Interference When Training the Adyghe-Russian Bilingual Students for the Unified State Russian Exam Essay
Authors: Gorobetc Lyudmila Nikolaevna , Dokshina Natalya Valerianovna
Published: September 2021

The paper proposes methodology of teaching argumentative essay to the Adyghe- Russian bilingual students. The article considers the problem of native language interference, analyzes typical mistakes made by the Adyghe-Russian bilingual students in the Unified State Russian Exam, justifies the necessity to use special methodological techniques (comprehensive text analysis, writing a short essay) which allow training the Adyghe-Russian bilingual students for the Unified State Russian Exam essay. The authors contribute to the methodology of teaching Russian to bilingual students (clarify the notion “interference”, reveal the notion “special methodological principles of teaching Russian in a multi-ethnic region”, suggest methodological techniques which allow overcoming native language interference), and herein lies scientific originality of the study. The research findings are as follows: the authors justify the necessity to renew the methodology of training the Adyghe-Russian bilingual students for the Unified State Russian Exam essay.
Substantiation of Structure of Linguistic Competence as Component of Students-Linguists’ Communicative Competence
Authors: Iudina Tamara Vladimirovna
Published: September 2021

The paper aims to specify the content and structure of first-year students-linguists’ linguistic competence. The article analyses the component structure of linguistic competence as students-linguists’ thematic and basic professional competence. The author tries to differentiate the notions “linguistic competence” and “language competence”, to reveal the essence and structure of linguistic competence. Scientific originality of the study involves clarifying the content and structure of first-year students-linguists’ linguistic competence with the aim to improve their professional linguistic training. The research findings are as follows: the author identifies and describes three components of linguistic competence (linguistic, linguo-discursive, strategic), develops an operational model of linguistic competence formation taking into account cognitive, procedural and axiological components.
ТЕОРЕТИЧНА ІНТЕРПРЕТАЦІЯ ВАРІАТИВНОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ ЗАКЛАДІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Яценко Валентина В.
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the contemporary issues of social responsibility in the higher education system which in recent years have been the subject of considerable debate at both national and supranational levels. The interpretation of a role of social responsibility as social and economic institute and as a factor of sustainable development of a particular organization as well as the economy and society overall provides a different perspective on the social responsibility phenomenon and its role in ensuring sustainability. The research hypothesis is the statement that building theoretical foundations of social responsibility in higher education institutions, constructing the respective conceptual framework and defining principles and factors of sustainable development should contribute to eliminate conceptual controversy and contradictions arising in the process of integrating the social responsibility paradigm in higher education. The study presents the evolution stages of a social responsibility concept which are the historical background; the concept genesis; the emergence of classical approaches; the evolution of a stakeholder approach; shaping of corporate social responsiveness, and the emergence of modern approaches to social responsibility in the frameworks of sustainable development. The evolution of the sustainable development concept has also been provided revealing its genesis, theoretical foundations and the taxonomy. Apart from the above, the findings have identified dominant approaches to interpret the notion of social responsibility, in particular, a systemic environmental approach, a cluster approach, macro- and microperspectives, a three-pronged (integrated) approach and organizational sustainability approach were described. It is argued that these approaches are embedded into social responsibility (conscientious economy, social economy, a shared value concept, conscious capitalism, positive economics, etc.) and their specifics should be considered while building a social responsibility framework in higher education institutions.
Teacher Education through ODL: Policy Initiatives
Authors: Bhushan Bajarang
Published: September 2021

Education is a strong weapon through which we can change our world. This is Education which assists us to get our desired objectives set up by us due to our needs. Progressive development is our fundamental characteristics. Education guides us on a progressive and developmental ways. Thus, we can understand the importance of Education for our lives.
Film Tourism in South-Eastern Sicily: In the Footsteps of Inspector Montalbano
Authors: Asero Vincenzo , Ponton Douglas Mark
Published: September 2021

This study focuses on film tourism on the island of Sicily, in the context of the popular television series, Montalbano. Since the series began, there have been increases in tourist flows in the towns most directly interested. Although it is impossible to say that the Montalbano series is directly responsible for these phenomena, it has succeeded in bringing visibility to the territories and landscapes of the area. In the tourist sector, there are now abundant possibilities for fans to participate in movie tours. The apparent success of the series and its tourist spin-offs can be problematised, therefore, since it raises questions about authenticity from the perspective of the subjectivity of the tourists. Authenticity, for a tourist on a ‘Montalbano tour’, relates more to the desire to explore a virtual reality than to the traditional attractions of the places. The issue of authenticity has contrasting implications for the areas involved. The location of ‘Vigata’, a fictional creation of author Andrea Camilleri, has become an issue, as towns compete for a share of the rapidly evolving tourist market, engaging in attempts to demonstrate authentic traces of the fictional context. The paper explores these issues from an interdisciplinary, mixed methods perspective that combines insights from the fields of Economics and Linguistics. Data are analysed in terms of the multimodal and discourse-pragmatic dimensions of the interpretation of image-texts. Keywords: Montalbano, film tourism, framing, multimodality, destination branding
Economic Policies to Curb Global Warming - A Case of Papua New Guinea
Authors: Wangina Norris
Published: September 2021

Global warming is a
serious problem which requires an urgent solution. In economics context, economists believe that
carbon pricing, specifically carbon tax and its mirror image, cap and trade,
are the best options and they suggest all countries should use it to address
global warming (Goulder & Schein, 2013). However, advantages and
disadvantages of carbon pricing have often resulted in some countries accepting
the idea and some rejecting it. Therefore, this literature explains how the
carbon tax, and cap-and trade work; the probability of their success,
specifically in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and how to attract countries
that resist the idea of carbon pricing into implementing it. And finally, this
article explains why a carbon offset scheme, under cap and trade, best fits
developing countries and which Papua New Guinea can use to improve the lives of
its citizens while, at the same time, reducing the concentration of greenhouse
gases in the atmosphere.
Addressing the Impact of Border Enforcement Measures on the Self-Reported Health of Migrants Aiming to Enter Japan During the COVID-19 Epidemic.
Authors: Wels Jacques
Published: September 2021

Following the spread of COVID-19 in early 2020, Japan has implemented border enforcement measures to ban most foreigners, including tourists, workers and students from entering Japan for the time being, except for special humanitarian circumstances. For about a year, many migrants have been unable to enter Japan and had to postpone their plans. Using an online questionnaire (N=478), this study aimed to assess the impact of border enforcement measures on migrants’ health and wellbeing. Results indicate that border enforcement measures have generated insecurities, both from a financial and personal point of view. These have had strong negative effects on physical health and, to a greater extent, on sleep quality, level of stress and quality of life. The article demonstrates that insecurity is key for understanding Japanese border policies and, consequently, migrants’ health as it shapes a spectrum between the insiders and the outsiders that is determined by factors that take little account of individuals’ situation and that the state of exception reveals a gradient that is independent from the epidemic situation. It concludes with five points to be discussed further to protect migrants’ heath in case of travel ban: allow a fair treatment of migrants, developing international remote work possibilities, discussing the portability of the costs related to border enforcement measures, allow non-married couples to reunite and give a greater visibility to international migrants.
Conspiracy Theories: A Cultural Evolution Theory approach
Authors: Stubbersfield Joseph Michael
Published: September 2021

Conspiracy theories have been part of human culture for hundreds of years, if not millennia, and have been the subject of research in academic fields such as Social Psychology, Political Science and Cultural Studies. At present, there has been little research examining conspiracy theories from a Cultural Evolution perspective. This chapter discusses the value of Cultural Evolution approaches to understanding the diffusion of conspiracy theories. Focusing on the role of biases in cultural transmission, it argues that a key advantage of applying a Cultural Evolution approach to this phenomenon is that it provides a strong theoretical and methodological framework to bridge the individual, inter-individual and population level factors that explain the cultural success of conspiracy theories, with potential for producing insights into how to limit their negative influence.
Multi-Axial Hybrid Fire Testing based on Dynamic Relaxation
Authors: Tsokanas Nikolaos , Abbiati Giuseppe , Kanellopoulos Konstantinos , Stojadinovic Bozidar
Published: September 2021

This technical note presents the experimental validation of a hybrid fire testing coordination algorithm recently developed by some of the authors. For the first time, the algorithm is applied to solve the static response of a multiple-degrees-of-freedom hybrid model.
Supernatural Explanations Across the Globe Are More Common for Natural Than Social Phenomena
Authors: Jackson Joshua Conrad , Wilbanks Danica , Bastian Brock , Watts Joseph , Buckner William , DiMaggio Nicholas , Gray Kurt
Published: September 2021

Humans across the globe use supernatural beliefs to explain the world around them. This paper explores whether cultural groups invoke the supernatural more to explain natural phenomena (e.g., storms, disease outbreaks) or social phenomena (e.g., murder, warfare). Quantitative analysis of ethnographies across geographically and culturally diverse societies found that supernatural explanations are more prevalent for natural than for social phenomena, consistent with theories that ground the origin of religious belief in a human tendency to perceive intent and agency in the natural world. Despite the dominance of supernatural explanations of natural phenomena, supernatural explanations of social phenomena were especially prevalent in urbanized societies with more complex and anonymous groups. Our results show how people use supernatural beliefs as explanatory tools in non-industrial societies, and how these applications vary across small-scale communities vs. large and urbanized groups.