bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Informational Content of the Embedded Deflation Option in TIPS
Authors: Grishchenko Olesya V. , Vanden Joel M. , Zhang Jianing
Published: August 2019

In this paper we estimate the value of the embedded option in U.S. Treasury Inflation Protected Securities (TIPS). The option value exhibits significant time variation that is correlated with periods of deflationary expectations. We use our estimated option values to construct an embedded option price index and an embedded option return index. We then use our embedded option indices as independent variables and examine their statistical and economic significance for explaining the future inflation rate. In almost all of our regressions, the embedded option return index is significant even in the presence of traditional inflation variables, such as lagged inflation, the return on gold, the return on crude oil, the VIX index return, and the yield spread between nominal Treasuries and TIPS. We conduct several robustness tests, including alternative weighting schemes, alternative variable specifications, and alternative control variables. We conclude that the embedded option in TIPS contains useful information for future inflation, both in-sample and out-of-sample. Our results should be valuable to anyone who is interested in assessing inflationary expectations.
The Nature of Countercyclical Income Risk
Authors: Guvenen Fatih , Ozkan Serdar , Song Jae
Published: August 2019

This paper studies the nature of business cycle variation in individual earnings risk using a dataset from the U.S. Social Security Administration, which contains (uncapped) earnings histories for millions of anonymous individuals. The base sample is a nationally representative panel containing 10 percent of all U.S. males from 1978 to 2010. We use these data to decompose individual earnings growth during recessions into 'between-group' and 'within-group' components. We begin with the behavior of within-group shocks. Contrary to past research, we do not find the variance of idiosyncratic earnings shocks to be countercyclical. Instead, it is the left-skewness of shocks that is strongly countercyclical. That is, during recessions, the upper end of the shock distribution collapses--large upward earnings movements become less likely--whereas the bottom end expands--large drops in earnings become more likely. Thus, while the dispersion of shocks does not increase, shocks become more left skewed and, hence, riskier during recessions. Second, to study between-group differences, we group individuals based on several observable characteristics at the time a recession hits. One of these characteristics--the average earnings of an individual at the beginning of a business cycle episode--proves to be an especially good predictor of fortunes during a recession: prime-age workers that enter a recession with high average earnings suffer substantially less compared with those who enter with low average earnings (such 'asymmetry' is not evident in expansions). Finally, we find that the cyclical nature of earnings risk is dramatically different for the top 1 percent compared with all other individuals--even relative to those in the top 2 to 5 percent.
Volatility, Labor Heterogeneity and Asset Prices
Authors: Ochoa Marcelo
Published: August 2019

This paper shows that a firm's reliance on skilled labor is an underlying determinant of its exposure to aggregate volatility risk. I present a model in which firms make hiring and firing decisions in an environment of time-varying aggregate volatility, and face linear adjustment costs that increase with the skill of a worker. In the model, an increase in aggregate volatility slows a firm's labor demand reaction to changes in economic conditions, reducing its ability to smooth cash flows. The rise in aggregate volatility has a more pronounced impact on firms with a high share of skilled labor because their labor is more costly to adjust. Therefore, the compensation for volatility risk and its contribution to risk compensation increases with a firm's reliance on skilled labor. I empirically test the implications of the model using occupational estimates to construct a measure of a firm's reliance on skilled labor, and find a positive and statistically significant cross-sectional relation between the reliance on skilled labor and expected returns. In times of high aggregate volatility, firms with a high share of skilled workers earn an annual return of 2.7% above those with a high share of unskilled workers. This spread reduces by one third in times when volatility is back to normal.
Cost Shifting and the Freezing of Corporate Pension Plans
Authors: Rauh Joshua , Stefanescu Irina , Zeldes Stephen P.
Published: August 2019

Many U.S. corporations have frozen defined benefit (DB) pension plans, replacing new DB promises with contributions to defined contribution (DC) plans. We estimate expected DB accruals from the age-service and salary distributions of a large sample of U.S. corporate pension plans with more than 1,000 employees. Comparing the counterfactual DB accruals to the actual increase in 401(k) and other DC contributions for firms that freeze, we find only partial compensation to employees for the lost DB accruals. Net of the increase in total DC contributions, firms save 2.7-3.6% of payroll per year, and over a 10-year horizon they save 3.1% of total firm assets. Workers would have to value the structure, choice, flexibility, or portability of DC plans by at least this much more to experience welfare gains from freezes. The forgone accruals and net cost effects are initially largest for older employees but over time become largest for middle-aged employees who plan to stay with the firms until retirement. Furthermore, the probability that a firm freezes a pension plan is positively related to the value of new accruals as a share of firm assets. While there are differences in the age-service distributions of firms that freeze versus those that do not, we find that the differential accrual effect is largely driven by differences in benefit factors and the relative importance of labor in the freeze firm&#x27;s production function. The results overall support the hypothesis that pension freezes affect overall compensation and therefore that they change compensation costs relative to a worker&#x27;s marginal product.
The Welfare Costs of Skill-Mismatch Employment
Authors: Arseneau David M. , Epstein Brendan
Published: August 2019

Skill-mismatch employment occurs when high-skilled individuals accept employment in jobs for which they are over-qualified. These employment relationships can be beneficial because they allow high-skilled individuals to more rapidly transition out of unemployment. They come at the cost, however, in the form of lower wage compensation. Moreover, an externality arises as high-skilled individuals do not take into account the effect that their search activity in the market for low-tech jobs has on low-skilled individuals. This paper presents a tractable general equilibrium model featuring mismatch employment and on-the-job search to articulate these tradeoffs. We derive a set of efficiency conditions that describe the labor market distortions associated with these two model features and illustrate how they alter the standard notion of the labor wedges inherent in general equilibrium search models. Finally, we calibrate the model to U.S. data and show that the distortions associated with mismatch employment are largely distributional and can be quantitatively large.
An Evaluation of Bank VaR Measures for Market Risk During and Before the Financial Crisis
Authors: O'Brien James M. , Szerszen Pawel J.
Published: August 2019

We study the performance and behavior of Value at Risk (VaR) measures used by a number of large banks during and before the financial crisis. Alternative benchmark VaR measures, including GARCH-based measures, are also estimated directly from the banks&#x27; trading revenues and help to explain the bank VaR performance results. While highly conservative in the pre-crisis period, bank VaR exceedances were excessive and clustered in the crisis period. All benchmark VaRs were more accurate in the pre-crisis period with GARCH VaR measures the most accurate in the crisis period having lower exceedance rates with no exceedance clustering. Variance decompositions indicate a limited ability of the banks&#x27; VaR methodologies to adjust to the crisis-period market conditions. Despite their weaker performance, the bank VaRs exhibited greater predictive power for a measure of realized PnL volatility than benchmark VaR measures. Benchmark Expected Shortfall measures are also considered.
Assessing the Effects of the Zero-Interest-Rate Policy Through the Lens of a Regime-Switching DSGE Model
Authors: Chen Han
Published: August 2019

Standard dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models assume a Taylor rule and forecast an increase in interest rates immediately after the 2007-2009 economic recession given the predicted output and inflation, contradictory to the extended period of near-zero interest rate policy (ZIRP) conducted by the Federal Reserve. In this paper, I study two methods of modeling the ZIRP in DSGE models: the perfect foresight rational expectations model and the Markov regime-switching model, which I develop in this paper. In this regime-switching model, I assume that, in one regime, the policy follows a Taylor rule, while, in the other regime, it involves a zero interest rate. I also construct the optimal filter to estimate this regime-switching DSGE model with Bayesian methods. I fit those modified DSGE models to the U.S. data from the third quarter of 1987 to the third quarter of 2010, and then, starting from the fourth quarter of 2010, I simulate the U.S. economy forward with and without the ZIRP intervention. I compare the predicted paths of the macro variables, and I find that the ZIRP intervention has a significant effect. The estimated regime-switching model I develop implies a substantial stimulative effect (on average a 0.12% increase in output growth rate and a 0.9% increase in inflation accumulatively over 20 quarters if ZIRP is kept for 6 quarters). The actual path from the fourth quarter of 2010 onward is closer to the predicted path derived from the regime-switching model than that generated by the perfect foresight model. The perfect foresight model generates an explosive and spurious rise in inflation. Therefore, the regime-switching model I propose is more appropriate to assess the effectiveness of the ZIRP, which is effective in stimulating the economy.
Relative Liquidity and Future Volatility
Authors: Valenzuela Marcela , Zer Ilknur , Fryzlewicz Piotr , Rheinländer Thorsten
Published: August 2019

The main contribution of this paper is to identify the strong predictive power of the relative concentration of depth provision, rather than volume of orders, over volatility. To this end, we propose a new measure, relative liquidity (RLIQ), which extracts information from a limit order book distribution and captures the level of consensus on a security&#x27;s trading price. Higher liquidity provision farther away from the best quotes, relative to the rest of the book, is associated with a disagreement on the current price and followed by high volatility. The relationship is robust to the inclusion of several alternative measures.
Relative Liquidity and Future Volatility
Authors: Valenzuela Marcela , Zer Ilknur , Fryzlewicz Piotr , Rheinländer Thorsten
Published: August 2019

The main contribution of this paper is to identify the strong predictive power of the relative concentration of depth provision, rather than volume of orders, over volatility. To this end, we propose a new measure, relative liquidity, which extracts information from a limit order book distribution and captures the level of consensus on a security&#x27;s trading price. Higher liquidity provision farther away from the best quotes, relative to the rest of the book, is associated with a disagreement on the current price and followed by high volatility. The relationship is robust to the inclusion of several alternative measures.
Flights to Safety
Authors: Baele Lieven , Bekaert Geert , Inghelbrecht Koen , Wei Min
Published: August 2019

Using only daily data on bond and stock returns, we identify and characterize flight to safety (FTS) episodes for 23 countries. On average, FTS days comprise less than 3% of the sample, and bond returns exceed equity returns by 2.5 to 4%. The majority of FTS events are country-specific not global. FTS episodes coincide with increases in the VIX and the Ted spread, decreases in consumer sentiment indicators and appreciations of the Yen, Swiss franc, and US dollar. The financial, basic materials and industrial industries under-perform in FTS episodes, but the telecom industry outperforms. Money market instruments, corporate bonds, and commodity prices (with the exception of metals, including gold) face abnormal negative returns in FTS episodes. Hedge funds, especially those belonging to the event-driven styles, display negative FTS betas, after controlling for standard risk factors. Liquidity deteriorates on FTS days both in the bond and equity markets. Both economic growth and inflation decline right after and up to a year following a FTS spell.
Reputation and Liquidity Traps
Authors: Nakata Taisuke
Published: August 2019

Can the central bank credibly commit to keeping the nominal interest rate low for an extended period of time in the aftermath of a deep recession? By analyzing credible plans in a sticky-price economy with occasionally binding zero lower bound constraints, I find that the answer is yes if contractionary shocks hit the economy with sufficient frequency. In the best credible plan, if the central bank reneges on the promise of low policy rates, it will lose reputation and the private sector will not believe such promises in future recessions. When the shock hits the economy sufficiently frequently, the incentive to maintain reputation outweighs the short-run incentive to close consumption and inflation gaps, keeping the central bank on the originally announced path of low nominal interest rates.
Uncertainty, Financial Frictions, and Investment Dynamics
Authors: Gilchrist Simon , Sim Jae W. , Zakrajšek Egon
Published: August 2019

Micro- and macro-level evidence indicates that fluctuations in idiosyncratic uncertainty have a large effect on investment; the impact of uncertainty on investment occurs primarily through changes in credit spreads; and innovations in credit spreads have a strong effect on investment, irrespective of the level of uncertainty. These findings raise a question regarding the economic significance of the traditional "wait-and-see" effect of uncertainty shocks and point to financial distortions as the main mechanism through which fluctuations in uncertainty affect macroeconomic outcomes. The relative importance of these two mechanisms is analyzed within a quantitative general equilibrium model, featuring heterogeneous firms that face time-varying idiosyncratic uncertainty, irreversibility, nonconvex capital adjustment costs, and financial frictions. The model successfully replicates the stylized facts concerning the macroeconomic implications of uncertainty and financial shocks. By influencing the effective supply of credit, both types of shocks exert a powerful effect on investment and generate countercyclical credit spreads and procyclical leverage, dynamics consistent with the data and counter to those implied by the technology-driven real business cycle models.
The Federal Reserve's Tools for Policy Normalization in a Preferred Habitat Model of Financial Markets
Authors: Chen Han , Clouse James A. , Ihrig Jane , Klee Elizabeth
Published: August 2019

This paper develops a model of the financial system that provides a framework for analyzing monetary policy implementation in a world with multiple Federal Reserve liabilities and a superabundant supply of reserves. The analysis demonstrates that the Federal Reserve's suite of policy tools including interest on excess reserves (IOER), overnight and term reverse repurchase agreements, and term deposits should allow the Federal Reserve to raise the level of short-term interest rates at the appropriate time. The model also demonstrates that these tools could be used in different ways to achieve any given desired level of interest rates. The choices among alternative combinations of tools, of course, have implications for patterns of financial intermediation. Specifically, the quantity of Federal Reserve liabilities held outside of the banking system is shown to depend importantly on the spread between various policy rates.
8-10 YAŞ GRUBU YÜZÜCÜLERİN 25M FARKLI STİL YÜZME PERFORMANSLARININ MOTORİK ÖZELLİKLER İLE İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: KISTAK Benil , BULGAN Çiğdem , MERİÇ BİNGÜL Bergün , BAŞAR Mustafa Arslan
Published: August 2019

Bu çalışma, 8-10 yaş grubu
yüzücülerin temel motorik özellikleri ile 25m dört farklı stil yüzme (kelebek,
sırtüstü, kurbağalama, serbest) dereceleri arasındaki ilişkilerin belirlenmesi
amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya, İstanbul
Teknik Üniversitesi Spor Kulübü’nden 18 kız (yaş
ortalaması 9,00±0,84yıl;
boy ortalaması 135,06±7,22cm; ağırlık ortalaması 32,80±7,22kg) ve 18 erkek (yaş ortalaması 9,00±0,84yıl; boy ortalaması
136,06±7,22cm; ağırlık ortalaması 34,91±7,68kg) olmak üzere toplam 36 yüzücü gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Çalışmanın
birinci günü yüzücülerin flamingo denge, otur-uzan esneklik, 20m sürat koşusu,
durarak uzun atlama, sit-up (mekik) testi ve 10x5m mekik koşusu ölçülmüştür.
Çalışmanın ikinci gününde yüzücülerin 25m dört farklı stilde yüzme dereceleri
kronometre ile kaydedilmiştir. Yüzücülerin test ortalamaları cinsiyete bağlı
incelenip motor özellikleriyle yüzme derecelerinin birbirleriyle olan
ilişkileri SPSS 20.0 programında Pearson
Korelasyonu ile analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, durarak uzun atlama mesafesi hariç
tüm testlerde kız yüzücüler erkek yüzücülere göre daha yüksek sonuçlar elde
etmişlerdir. Yüzücülerin durarak uzun atlama
ve sit-up (mekik) testlerinin verileriyle 25m kelebek (r= -,600; -,659),
sırtüstü (r= -,550; -,654), kurbağalama (r= ,-608; -,638) ve serbest (r= -,561;
-,608) yüzme dereceleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı negatif yönde
ilişki(p<0,05)
tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca flamingo denge (sağ-sol), 20m sürat ve 10x5m mekik koşusu değerleri ile 25m kelebek
(r= ,504; 552; ,703; ,710), sırtüstü (r= ,468; ,539; ,599; .688), kurbağalama
(r= ,384; ,429; ,685; ,777) ve serbest (r= ,428; ,532; ,629; ,625) yüzme
dereceleri arasında ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif yönde ilişki
tespit edilmiştir(p<0,05). Otur-uzan
esneklik testiyle yüzme dereceleri arasında anlamlı ilişkiye rastlanmamıştır (p>0,05).
BİR TIP FAKÜLTESİ 4-5-6. SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN HASTA-HEKİM İLİŞKİSİNDE HASTA MERKEZLİLİĞE YÖNELİK TUTUMLARI VE İLİŞKİLİ FAKTÖRLER
Authors: ÖNAL Özgür , TAMAM İbrahim , NUR EROĞLU Hande
Published: August 2019

Amaç

Bu araştırmada Süleyman
Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi 4-5-6. Sınıf öğrencilerinin hasta-hekim
ilişkisinde hasta merkezliliğe yönelik tutumlarının ve ilişkili faktörlerin
değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç
ve Yöntem

Örneklem
seçilmeden tüm 4-5-6. sınıf öğrencileri çalışma kapsamına alınmış, 662
öğrenciye (%88,6) ulaşılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında Hasta Hekim Yönelim
Ölçeği (PPOS-TR14) ve Empati Ölçeği (EÖ)’den faydalanılmıştır. İstatistiksel
değerlendirmede tanımlayıcı istatistikler, basit doğrusal regresyon analizi ve linear
regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular

Araştırma grubunun yaş ortalaması
22,8±1,6 (en az 20, en çok 49) yıl, Empati Ölçeği-Kısa form ortalama puanı 22,2
(±8,3)’tü. Araştırma grubunun PPOS-TR14 bakım alt ölçeği ortalama puanı 25,4
(±5,9), PPOS-TR14 paylaşım alt ölçeği ortalama puanı 25,2 (±5,7) ve PPOS-TR14
toplam ortalama puanı 50,6 (±7,9)’du.

 

 

 

Sonuç

Sahip olunan bazı özelliklerin (cinsiyet, ailenin
sosyoekonomik durumu, sınıf, dini inanç ile ilişki, hekim akrabaya sahip olma,
uzayan çalışma saatleri, anamneze ayrılan zaman, kendini toplumda ayrıcalıklı
görme, EÖ-Kısa form puanı) öğrencilerde hasta merkezlilik üzerinde etkili
olduğu saptandı. Hasta merkezliliğin sağlık çıktıları üzerindeki olumlu
etkileri göz önünde bulundurularak, lisans eğitimi süresince hasta merkezli
yaklaşımın benimsenmesine engel olan faktörler yapılacak çalışmalar ile
sorgulanmaya devam edilmelidir. Tıp Fakültesi yöneticileri ve Tıp Eğitimi
Anabilim Dalları ile birlikte mezuniyet öncesi eğitimde öğrencilere daha fazla
hasta merkezli tutum kazandırılması yönünde planlamalar yapılmalıdır.
Restoration of euglycemia in the RCS10 mice with Metformin v1
Authors: Simpson Ian
Published: August 2019

Summary: In this series of studies we wished to determine whether Metformin was able to establish and maintain euglycemia in RCS10 mice and would reduce infarct volume following a stroke. Metformin is a widely prescribed agent to treat Type II diabetes and as illustrated in Figure 2, when Metformin (0.8-1.3 g/kg/D) is included in the water, it is able to establish and maintain euglycemia in the RCS10 mice over a 4- week period. However, as illustrated in in Figure 3, restoration of euglycemia with metformin did not improve ischemic outcome. Diabetic Complications:
Vascular perfusion of mice v1
Authors: Mundel Peter
Published: August 2019

Summary: This protocol describes the procedure for perfusion of mice prior to organ or tissue harvesting . Diabetic Complications:
Quantitative PCR analysis to assess gene expression changes in hyperglycemic larval zebrafish v1
Authors: Rieger Sandra
Published: August 2019

Summary: To assess hyperglycemia in larval zebrafish, we analyzed the expression of genes implicated in glucose metabolism, such as insulin, insulin receptor, glucagon, and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (pepck), using quantitative PCR (qPCR). We analyzed gene expression following treatment of Tg(ins:NTRmCherry) transgenic larvae either with 0.5 % DMSO (controls) or 10 mM metronidazole (see Protocol 2) for β-cell ablation at 3 and 8 days post fertilization (dpf). Diabetic Complication:
Catalase v1
Authors: Feldman Eva , Brosius Frank
Published: August 2019

Summary: Describes the protocol used by the DiaComp to detect and quantify catalase activity in a tissue. Diabetic Complications:
Breeding NONcNZO10/LtJ (NON/NZ) and NON/ShiLtJ (NON/Shi) mice v2
Authors: Simpson Ian
Published: August 2019

Summary: ♦ NONcNZO10/LtJ (NON/NZ) mice are the mice used for a Type 2 diabetes model. The mice are given 5K20 diet at weaning and the mice are usually exhibiting hyperglycemia by 10-11 weeks of age (see Figure 1) 90- 95 % of the mice will become diabetic at 20 weeks. ♦ NON/ShiLtJ (NON/Shi) mice are the mice used for a control to the diabetic mice. The mice are given 5K20 diet at weaning and should not become diabetic. But 5-10% of the mice will become diabetic at 20 weeks. ♦ Breeding, housing, and experimentation are performed in a pathogen-free environment Diabetic Complications:
U Michigan - Tail Cuff Blood Pressure Determination v2
Authors: Hodgin Jeff
Published: August 2019

Summary: This protocol provides information for the non-invasive measurement of blood pressure--tail cuff blood pressure determination operated by CODA tail-cuff blood pressure system in mice.
U Michigan - Spot urine collection v2
Authors: Hodgin Jeff
Published: August 2019

Summary: Collection of urine from experimental animals is a basic requirement to detect albumin/creatinine ratio for glomerular nephropathy. This is a non-invasive, simple, quick, and inexpensive method for collecting spot urine from mouse when a small volume of urine (10-500ul) sample is required.
TOURISM AND PEACE IN POLITICALLY DIVIDED NATION: CASE STUDY
Authors: Parfinenko A. Y.
Published: August 2019

The article is devoted to the study of the role and place of tourism in the interaction and reconciliation of divided nations. The focus is on individual cases of Western and Eastern Germany, North and South Korea, the Taiwan-China conflict. Such a research approach enables to take into account international-political features of a particular conflict situation and to figure out general patterns of the influence of tourist contacts on the process of reconciliation. The work reveals the evolution of mobility regimesbetween the conflicting parties and their influence on the transformation of bilateral relations. The political processes that preceded the development of tourist contacts between the two Germanies, on the Korean peninsula and in the Taiwan Strait were highlighted. The influence of tourist interaction on the establishment of peace and political stability in the respective regions, the integration of divided nations into a single tourist-communicative and economic space have been explored. It is argued thatinformal tourist contactsplay at constructive role in reducing tension, establishing trust and creating the environment for future political relations. It is emphasized that tourism cannot be an alternative to traditional diplomacy, the means of preventing direct violence or conflicts, however, it plays a significant role in eliminating "structural violence" – main cultural, social and economic differences that take place in conditions of protracted conflicts and political isolation of the parties. Reducing conflict occurs as the sustainability and openness of tourism between conflicting parties increase. The article states that the current state of rivalry between Washington and Beijing in Northeast Asia complicates the process of reconciliation and reunification of divided nations, but does not reject it. Existing opportunities for expanding mobility regimes between North and South Korea, China and Taiwan open up significant prospects for this. It has been concluded that the transnational character of modern international relations makes it possible to actively use tourism as a neoliberal policy of socio-economic as well as cultural integration and foreign policy impact.
Long‐Period Ground Motions from Past and Virtual Megathrust Earthquakes along the Nankai Trough, Japan
Authors: Viens Loïc , Denolle Marine A.
Published: August 2019

Long‐period ground motions from large (Mw≥7.0) subduction‐zone earthquakes are a real threat for large‐scale human‐made structures. The Nankai subduction zone, Japan, is expected to host a major megathrust earthquake in the near future and has therefore been instrumented with offshore and onshore permanent seismic networks. We use the ambient seismic field continuously recorded at these stations to simulate the long‐period (4–10 s) ground motions from past and future potential offshore earthquakes. First, we compute impulse response functions (IRFs) between an ocean‐bottom seismometer of the Dense Oceanfloor Network System for Earthquakes and Tsunamis (DONET) network, which is located offshore on the accretionary wedge, and 60 onshore Hi‐net stations using seismic interferometry by deconvolution. As this technique only preserves the relative amplitude information of the IRFs, we use a moderate Mw 5.5 event to calibrate the amplitudes to absolute levels. After calibration, the IRFs are used together with a uniform stress‐drop source model to simulate the long‐period ground motions of the 2004 Mw 7.2 intraplate earthquake. For both events, the residuals of the 5% damped spectral acceleration (SA) computed from the horizontal and vertical components of the observed and simulated waveforms exhibit almost no bias and acceptable uncertainties. We also compare the observed SA values of the Mw 7.2 event to those from the subduction‐zone BC Hydro ground‐motion model (GMM) and find that our simulations perform better than the model. Finally, we simulate the long‐period ground motions of a hypothetical Mw 8.0 subduction earthquake that could occur along the Nankai trough. For this event, our simulations generally exhibit stronger long‐period ground motions than those predicted by the BC Hydro GMM. This study suggests that the ambient seismic field recorded by the ever‐increasing number of ocean‐bottom seismometers can be used to simulate the long‐period ground motions from large megathrust earthquakes.
CRM social: la orientación empresarial hacia el cliente en plataformas 2.0
Authors: Castelló Martínez Araceli
Published: August 2019

El empleo de entornos digitales colaborativos para la implementación de estrategias y programas de orientación empresarial hacia el cliente ha dado paso al llamado Customer Relationship Management social (sCRM), que mediante acciones como la puesta en marcha de canales de atención al cliente a través de plataformas 2.0 ayuda a la empresa a mejorar la relación con los clientes (actuales y potenciales), al proyectar una imagen humana de la marca y escuchar a los usuarios, generando de esta manera oportunidades de negocio. El objetivo de este artículo es el estudio de las características del sCRM frente al CRM tradicional, así como la revisión del estado de la cuestión en la empresa. Se parte de la hipótesis de que la implementación con éxito de un programa de sCRM no consiste en una simple mejora tecnológica, sino que requiere también el desarrollo de una filosofía relacional de la empresa hacia el cliente. La metodología se basa en la investigación documental de publicaciones de los ámbitos profesional y académico, describiendo laevolución del CRM tradicional al CRM social y analizando las peculiaridades de este último. Tras este análisis, queda demostrada la importancia que la incorporación de las redes sociales como un canal más de interacción entre empresa y cliente tiene en el modelo de negocio y la efectividad comercial y comunicacional de la compañía, como filosofía que va más allá del empleo de recursos tecnológicos.
Identificação automática de utilizadores com deficiência visual: a base para um serviço de áudio descrição personalizado
Authors: Oliveira Rita , Silva Telmo , De Jorge Ferraz Abreu , Almeida Ana Margarida
Published: August 2019

Os serviços de áudio descrição (AD) interativos, atualmente existentes, podem ser alvo de um conjunto de melhorias com vista a uma adequação mais eficiente ao contexto dos utilizadores com deficiência visual. Na realidade, as funcionalidades interativas inerentes a estes serviços, suportados por diferentes plataformas de televisão, centram-se, maioritariamente, na opção de ativação da áudio descrição e de alertas sonoros quando um programa com áudio descrição é iniciado. Contudo, as infraestruturas de distribuição de televisão atuais, desde que complementadas com um canal de retorno e Set-Top Boxes (STB) adequadas, abrem uma janela de oportunidade bastante interessante para a criação de um serviço interativo de áudio descrição que integre funcionalidades avançadas que possam ser, automaticamente, ajustadas às preferências dos utilizadores.É neste contexto que se propõe o desenvolvimento de um serviço interativo de áudio descrição complementado por um sistema de identificação automática do utilizador. Com esta complementaridade, o serviço pode ser dinamicamente ajustado às preferências do utilizador que, de facto, está a ver televisão,invocando, automaticamente, as opções previamente selecionadas nas respetivas configurações.Uma vez que existem diversas formas de implementar um sistema de identificação, realizaram-se um conjunto de entrevistas, no Instituto Oftalmológico Dr. Gama Pinto – IOGP, em Lisboa, com o objetivo de determinar o método de identificação mais adequado para utilizadores com deficiência visual. As entrevistas foram realizadas a 20 utentes da consulta de sub-visão.A partir dos resultados obtidos foi possível concluir que existe uma preferência por dois métodos de identificação, nomeadamente o uso de um cartão RFID e de um leitor de impressões digitais.
Casas Gómez, Miguel (coord.), Inmaculada Penadés Martínez (coord.) y María Tadea Díaz Hormigo (ed.) (1998): Estudios sobre el Diccionario de uso del español de María Moliner. Cádiz, Universidad de Cádiz, 336 páginas
Authors: Sanromán Vilas Begoña
Published: August 2019

Reseña de libro: Casas Gómez, Miguel (coord.), Inmaculada Penadés Martínez (coord.) y María Tadea Díaz Hormigo (ed.) (1998): Estudios sobre el Diccionario de uso del español de María Moliner. Cádiz, Universidad de Cádiz, 336 páginas.
"Tesoro de la lengua castellana". Major Authors on CD-ROM: Miguel de Cervantes. Ed. Roberto González Echevarría. Woodbridge: Primary Source Media, 1997
Authors: Gago Jover Francisco
Published: August 2019

Reseña: "Tesoro de la lengua castellana". Major Authors on CD-ROM: Miguel de Cervantes. Ed. Roberto González Echevarría. Woodbridge: Primary Source Media, 1997.
Enfermedad Meningocócica en pediatría en una clínica infantil, Cali – Colombia
Authors: Valencia Quintero Juan Sebastian , Atehortúa-Rojas Daniela , Rojas-Hernández Juan Pablo , Alzate-Sánchez Rodrigo Alberto
Published: August 2019

Introducción: La enfermedad meningocócica es causada por la bacteria Neisseria meningitidis, comensal de la nasofaringe en 10% de la población. Ocasiona meningitis o septicemia meningocócica, el objetivo del estudio es describir la situación epidemiológica de la enfermedad meningococica en pediatría en una Institución Prestadora de Salud (IPS) Cali, Colombia. Métodos: Estudio observacional de corte transversal retrospectivo durante 01 de enero de 2011 hasta el 31 de enero del 2018. Resultados: se incluyeron 10 pacientes los cuales presentaron infección por Neisseria meningitidis (meningococo) de 157 pacientes que cursaron con infección bacteriana del Sistema Nervioso Central (SNC), una prevalencia del 6,4%. Con igual distribución para hombres y mujeres. 5 casos se presentaron en menores de un año, tres casos entre los 1-5 años y dos entre los 6-10 años. 75 % fueron de nivel de estrato socioeconómico bajo y 25% medio. En dos casos se serotipifico Neisseria Meningitidis B. siete de diez casos presentaron como síntoma principal fiebre. el 40% presento duración mayor a 5 días de tratamiento y el antimicrobiano más utilizado fue ceftriaxona, el tratamiento rápido permitió una mejoría de la sintomatología en un promedio de 4 días. Se presentó un fallecimiento (letalidad del 0,01%). Conclusión: Se evidencia aumento de aproximadamente el 15% de la notificación de casos los últimos 2 años. La afectación aun predomina en menores de 1 año sin preferencia sexual, perteneciente a bajo estrato socioeconómico y sociodemográfico, en donde el 20% de los casos se identifica el serogrupo.
Endocarditis gonocócica, una rara complicación de la infección gonocócica diseminada
Authors: Segura Janier Daniel , Peralta Diana Marcela , Rivera Cristian Alejandro
Published: August 2019

La infección por Neisseria gonorrhoeae tiene una incidencia de 700.000 personas anualmente, sin embargo, la diseminación gonocócica se presenta solo entre el 1% y el 3% de los casos. La endocarditis gonocócica ocurre entre el 1% y 2% de las infecciones gonocócicas diseminadas, ocurre principalmente en hombres jóvenes y tiene alto riesgo de complicaciones y mortalidad. Se reporta el caso de un hombre de 64 años con cuadro de fiebre y dolor articular, se obtuvo hemocultivo positivo para Neisseria gonorrhoeae y en el ecocardiograma se encontró vegetación en la válvula mitral. Se dio manejo antibiótico, con lo cual se resolvió la bacterie mia y la vegetación.
A Comparative Analysis of Voltage Equalizers for Partial Shading Compensation in PV Arrays
Authors: Santos Cláudio H. G. dos , Garcia Pedro F. Donoso , Junior Seleme I. Seleme
Published: August 2019

Partial shading is a problem that affects solar systems not only in their efficiency, but also in its lifetime. As a solution, integrated converters enable mismatched modules to deliver their maximum power. Voltage Equalizers are a type of partial power processing integrated converters, which results in more efficiency. There are many types of voltage equalizers, divided in three different architectures and based in many topologies, i.e. buck-boost, flyback, switched capacitors and voltage multipliers. Thus, in this paper, a comparative analysis of these converters are made, considering reliability and working principle, which is explained through simulation results. At the conclusions are made, pointing which circuit may be the best choice for a voltage equalizer.
A FARDA E A INTIMIDADE: novos desafios da feminização das Forças Armadas Brasileira
Authors: Nunes Nilza Rogéria de Andrade , Moreira Nádia Xavier
Published: August 2019

Este artigo reflete como os valores militares da hierarquia e da disciplina se fazem presentes na interação dos casais de dupla-carreira nesse ambiente. A presença do efetivo feminino nas Forças Armadas Brasileira possibilitou relações diferenciadas pela estrutura militar, em sua dimensão afetiva, amorosa e sexual. Através de produções bibliográficas e observação participante, evidenciamos que o namoro e o casamento entre militares de diferentes escalões subvertem, na prática, as distâncias, sobretudo entre o círculo de praças e oficiais e abriram a possibilidade de desenrijecimento das diferenças hierárquicas, aspecto que impõe desafios à conciliação família-trabalho nesse ambiente.Palavras-chave: família; casamento; gênero; Forças Armadas Brasileira.
DESAFIOS E POSSIBILIDADES DE APLICAÇÃO DA JUSTIÇA RESTAURATIVA: casos de roubo e furto na cidade de Gurupi-TO
Authors: Disconzi Verônica Silva Prado , Gonçalves Lina Maria , Pereira Elvio Quintino
Published: August 2019

O presente trabalho utiliza dados secundários sobre crimes e furtos, coletados pela Polícia Militar do Tocantins e o 4º Batalhão da Polícia Militar de Gurupi, nos biênios 2014-2015 e 2016-2017. Analisa-os por meio da Estatística Descritiva e propõe alternativa para ruptura do círculo vicioso do castigo físico e psicológico aos condenados por tais crimes. Como principais resultados, destaca o acréscimo superior a 70%, nos furtos residenciais, no segundo biênio. Outro crime de grande incidência  foi o de roubo a transeuntes. Diante das peculiaridades da cidade de Gurupi, conclui que uma medida adequada seria o desenvolvimento de Projeto de Justiça Restaurativa, por meio de convênio entre a Universidade de Gurupi e o Tribunal De Justiça do Estado do Tocantins, com a participação dos estagiários dos cursos de Direito e Psicologia desta Universidade.Palavras chave: Criminalidade. Violência. Segurança Pública. Solução de Conflitos.
ENTRE A EFETIVIDADE DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS E A JUDICIALIZAÇÃO
Authors: Sousa Clara Mafalda Pinto Bessa de , Farias Rita de Cássia Pereira , Ribeiro Andréia Queiroz , Miranda Edna Lopes
Published: August 2019

Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar o acesso à justiça à população idosa, bem como as consequências sociais e políticas da não participação dos mesmos no contexto democrático. Utiliza metodologicamente a análise documental dos processos judiciais que tramitaram no Fórum da Comarca de Viçosa/MG, iniciados no ano de 2014. Os resultados apontaram para um largo fluxo de ações judiciais no âmbito do direito à saúde. Acrescenta, ainda, que os idosos viçosences encontraram dificuldades no que diz respeito à efetivação de políticas públicas e, por isso, recorreram ao recurso significativo à via judicial como forma de verem seus direitos pleiteados. Conclui  que, além disso, os resultados também sinalizaram para um caminho percorrido da efetividade à judicialização, designadamente no âmbito do direito à saúde e em pedidos de internação para tratamento por dependência química.Palavras  chaves: Políticas públicas. Judicialização. Idosos.
A MEDIDA DE SEMILIBERDADE: monitorar, controlar e punir
Authors: Arantes Marco Antonio , Taborda Fabiane
Published: August 2019

O artigo apresenta reflexões realizadas sobre o funcionamento da medida socioeducativa de Semiliberdade, como parte de uma proposta estruturada com base nas orientações nacionais, à luz das problematizações sobre o poder disciplinar de Michel Foucault e sociedade de controle de Gilles Deleuze. A medida de semiliberdade consiste na permanência do adolescente em uma casa, por um período de seis meses a três anos, sob a orientação e monitoramento de uma equipe profissional. As discussões mostram que as estratégias empreendidas na execução da medida apresentam uma concepção de política pública alinhada às novas concepções e valores na sociedade de controle, sem deixar de lado práticas da sociedade disciplinar. As práticas instituídas na Semiliberdade funcionam como um laboratório, inserindo os adolescentes em fluxos democráticos, configurando-se em uma espécie de malabarismo social.Palavras- Chave: Adolescentes, Políticas Públicas, Semiliberdade, Poder Disciplinar.
ACOLHIMENTO COM CLASSIFICAÇÃO DE RISCO EM SAÚDE: estudo em Unidade de Pronto Atendimento de Fortaleza
Authors: Silva Luciana Maria Nascimento da , Costa Liduína Farias Almeida da , Oliveira Lúcia Conde de , Santos João Bosco Feitosa dos
Published: August 2019

Este artigo tem o objetivo de compreender a trajetória de constituição da proposta de acolhimento com classificação de risco na dinâmica da rede de saúde. É um recorte de uma pesquisa qualitativa sobre a organização das redes de atenção à saúde. O presente enfoque foi produzido a partir de uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento de Fortaleza, Ceará, mediante utilização das técnicas da observação flutuante e entrevista semiestruturada com profissionais e usuários do serviço; procede, também, de exame de fontes documentais referentes ao tema. Aponta, ainda, que os protocolos previstos pelo Ministério da Saúde foram implantados. Entretanto, conclui que a ideia de acolhimento trazida inicialmente pela Política Nacional de Humanização é modificada em função das práticas gerenciais que dominam a organização dos serviços de saúde no país.Palavras-chave: Política de Saúde. Sistema Único de Saúde. Redes de Urgência e Emergência. Acolhimento com Classificação de Risco.
MINERAÇÃO NA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA: aspectos da presença e avanço do capital na região
Authors: Hauradou Gladson Rosas , Amaral Maria Virgínia Borges
Published: August 2019

A Região Amazônica brasileira tem sido apresentada ao mundo como reduto de ecossistemas, de espécies de seres vivos ainda não catalogados e dos já catalogados, que expressam potencial econômico abundante para atender aos anseios do ardil capitalista contemporâneo. Sobressai na região, ainda, o histórico processo de extração mineral, que atualmente na condição de commodittes (mercadorias) as quais representam, na sua totalidade, parte importante da produção nacional, 6,8% do PIB brasileiro o que equivale a 65% do valor das exportações brasileiras. Neste estudo destacamos que a presença dessas empresas na região conforma um quadro de exploração da riqueza oriunda da natureza de modo que os ganhos reais se voltam para atender à rentabilidade capitalista em detrimento das condições e modos de vida dos sujeitos históricos presentes na região para os quais sobram as consequências deletérias da forma de ser do capital e o acirramento das desigualdades ao nível local em suas muitas dimensões. Palavras-chave: Capital. Amazônia. Mineração. Commodittes.
POLÍTICAS DE DERECHOS HUMANOS EN ARGENTINA (2003-2015): interpretaciones y controversias en el Movimiento de DDHH
Authors: Romanin Enrique Salvador Andriotti , Tavano Carolina Sofía
Published: August 2019

El artículo propone analizar el vínculo entre algunas organizaciones de derechos humanos de la Argentina con los gobiernos kirchneristas, observando, por un lado, las políticas públicas reparatorias más destacadas vinculadas al tratamiento del pasado dictatorial (1976-1983), impulsadas desde diferentes agencias estatales en el período 2003-2015; y, por otro lado, la repercusión (o no) que tuvieron esas políticas en las representaciones sobre el gobierno y el Estado construidas al interior de las organizaciones que cooperaron y confrontaron con los gobiernos kirchneristas. El abordaje metodológico es cualitativo, permitiendo el tratamiento de diferentes fuentes: entrevistas, documentos de las organizaciones y manifestaciones en la prensa escrita, consultándose, también, documentos oficiales, leyes y decretos, y manifestaciones de funcionarios para indagar las políticas públicas desplegadas en ese período. Palabras clave: Derechos Humanos. Políticas Públicas. Estado. Movimiento de Derechos Humanos. Kirchnerismo
Minerías artesanales para la extracción de oro mediante el uso de mercurio: Estado del arte del impacto ambiental en los medios agua, aire y suelo
Authors: Ramírez-Morales Didier , Rodríguez-Artavia Brenda , Sáenz-Vargas Wendy , Sánchez-Gutiérrez Rolando , Villalobos-González Wendy , Mora-Barrantes Jose Carlos
Published: August 2019

La minería artesanal a pequeña escala (MAPE), como economía de subsistencia, ha tenido un auge importante en los últimos años debido al aumento en el precio del oro, generando impactos ambientales y socioeconómicos. El uso de la técnica de extracción de oro con amalgamas de mercurio y descomposición térmica para la purificación del metal; genera al menos cinco problemas ambientales: degradación de la tierra, deforestación, contaminación y sedimentación de cursos de agua, contaminación atmosférica y degradación de la salud de la fauna y los seres humanos. La forma orgánica del mercurio es la más tóxica, puede bioacumularse y biomagnificarse a través de la cadena trófica. En el presente estudio se realiza una descripción del estado del arte de la MAPE a nivel mundial, así como sus implicaciones socioeconómicas y ambientales. Se determinó que la innovación en las técnicas utilizadas por la MAPE; ayudarían a la reducción y futura eliminación del uso del mercurio; así como la generación de regulaciones o leyes que garanticen la sostenibilidad ambiental y un adecuado desarrollo socioeconómico de los mineros artesanales y de pequeña escala.
Efectos de Trichoderma asperellum en la estimulación del crecimiento en chile dulce (Capsicum annum) variedad Nathalie en ambientes protegidos
Authors: Brenes-Madriz Jaime , Zúñiga-Vega Claudia , Villalobos-Araya Marvin , Zúñiga-Poveda Cristian , Rivera-Méndez William
Published: August 2019

La utilización de especies del hongo Trichoderma es de uso frecuente en el control biológico, donde inicialmente se aplicó por sus propiedades micoparásitas y antibióticas. Numerosas publicaciones han demostrado también su capacidad para colonizar las raíces y sus múltiples efectos favorables sobre los cultivos. Para Costa Rica no hay referencias que hagan mención al uso de filtrado de metabolitos secundarios para incrementar la producción de chile dulce. El objetivo de esta investigación consistió en comparar el efecto de filtrado de metabolitos secundarios presentes en un biofiltrado del hongo Trichoderma asperellum en la estimulación del crecimiento en chile dulce (Capsicum annum var Nathalie) en ambientes protegidos. Se evaluaron tratamientos a diferentes concentraciones de T. asperellum y de sus biofiltrados, en almácigos de esta hortaliza. Los efectos obtenidos con la aplicación de T. asperellum sobre la estimulación del crecimiento indican que la utilización de este biocontrolador tiene un impacto mayor en la etapa de almácigo. El tratamiento de T50 (T. asperellum al 50%) resultó ser la mejor opción durante los dos años de análisis en la elongación de la raíz, además promovió un incremento en la biomasa de la raíz y el área foliar.  Sin embargo, la utilización de este microorganismo en invernadero en la etapa de productividad, no presentó diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos, aunque se observó un buen desarrollo foliar de las plantas comparadas con el testigo.