bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Praxe tradicional do desenvolvimento comunitário e a emergência do apoio para continuidade dos projectos comunitários em Moçambique
Authors: Macuácua Artur Horacio
Published: May 2022

Resumo. Este artigo, pretende discutir a “Praxe tradicional do desenvolvimento comunitário e a emergência do apoio para continuidade dos projectos comunitários em Moçambique”, numa perspectiva endógena do desenvolvimento comunitário. Nota-se crescente preocupação dos doadores, Organizações não-governamentais e Organizações da Sociedade Civil em atingir eficácia, a excelência e garantia de sustentabilidade nos serviços prestados às comunidades. Este trabalho traz elementos constitutivos da emergência de uma nova abordagem do intervencionismo comunitário que incita as organizações da sociedade civil, levar às comunidades, não só, mais um programa/projecto mas sim, acções que se constituem como solução consistente e continua que responda aos anseios das comunidades numa perspectiva de actuação inovadora e desafiadora no âmbito da funcionalidade das organizações da sociedade civil moçambicanas. A criação de centros de apoio é a proposta que nasce da emergência do apoio para mitigar impactos negativos derivados da descontinuidade dos projectos comunitários. Pois, número significativo dos projectos só funciona durante a vigência dos programas e sessam com o fim dos mesmos. O artigo apresenta-se em dois momentos. O primeiro aborda o contexto histórico do apoio a iniciativas locais do desenvolvimento das comunidades e seu “modus operandi” numa praxeologia comum de fazer política, promovida pela lógica da democracia representativa e das acções de “advocacy”. No segundo momento vislumbra a praxe actual e sua importância no apoio a projectos de desenvolvimento comunitário que constitui resposta à emergência do apoio a iniciativas locais de resolução de problemas dos projectos paralisados, mas imprescindíveis e com potencialidade para continuidade.
Digitalization of Business Processes in Federalist Environments: The Introduction of E-Invoicing in Germany
Authors: Marzinkewitsch Steffen , Dill Arthur
Published: May 2022

In this article we will analyze the government-driven introduction of e-invoicing in Germany. The decision to digitalize the invoicing processes in Germany is based on an EU guideline that instructs all member states to switch to electronic invoicing (e-invoicing) within their administrations. The European Union thus aims to achieve a facilitation of trade across inner-European borders, as well as more transparency for the fiscal authorities. Germany, as a member state, has made e-invoicing mandatory for all national administrations, since 27 November 2020. At the same time the federal states of Germany have their own jurisdiction, which presents unique problems for the introduction of standardized solutions. For this study, several experts, representing the different stakeholders of invoicing processes were interviewed. The results are showing that while the interest in e-invoicing solutions is high among all stakeholders of invoicing processes, the implementation in the German market comes with a unique set of challenges that are putting the success of e-invoicing in Germany at risk. The government-driven digitalization of processes is therefore heavily impacted by the fact whether a country has a federal structure or not.
The Effectiveness of Sleep Training: Fact or Fiction?
Authors: Cassels Tracy , Rosier Jennifer G.
Published: May 2022

Introduction

In Western cultures, parents often view infant sleep as problematic. Family, friends, and doctors may advise parents to “sleep train” assuming it is safe and effective, without considering its possible side effects, including its impact on breastfeeding. Unfortunately, it may reduce night feeds and result in earlier supplementation or weaning. The larger question is whether sleep training is worth the risk (i.e., does it improve infant sleep?). Our goal was to examine the data on the effectiveness of sleep training interventions on infant/toddler sleep.

Methods

PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for specific terms to identify articles that included behavioral sleep interventions and objective measures of sleep pre-and postntervention. Two objective infant sleep measures were examined: Night wakings and total sleep duration. Articles were then reviewed for evidence of the effectiveness of these interventions to reduce night wakings and increase total sleep duration.

Results

Five articles were identified that met the criteria for inclusion. Overall, there was no evidence that sleep training improves infant sleep.

Applications for Practice

The claim that sleep training is effective in changing infant sleep is not warranted. Given the potential side effects on breastfeeding, parents should be cautioned about engaging these behavioral sleep interventions if they have breastfeeding goals they want to achieve.
Incorporating Participatory Approaches and Implementation Science Toward an Integrated Research Paradigm to Promote Equity in Cancer Prevention and Control Research for Sexual and Gender Diverse Populations
Authors: Adsul Prajakta , Nair Uma S. , Tami-Maury Irene , Madhivanan Purnima , Kano Miria
Published: May 2022

Multiple, complex factors contribute to cancer disparities for sexual and gender diverse (SGD) individuals, including a high prevalence of behavioral risk factors (e.g., smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity), higher exposure to sexually transmitted infectious agents (e.g., human immunodeficiency and human papilloma viruses), and low utilization of preventive services including vaccination and cancer screening. While ongoing research focuses on documenting these disparities, few studies have produced interventions to address these disparities and promote equity. Moreover, existing research does not always translate to real-world clinical and/or community practice to achieve meaningful and sustainable improvements in cancer-related health outcomes for SGD populations. In this paper, we propose an integrated research paradigm that incorporates Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR) approaches and Implementation Science (IS) to ensure that we develop interventions that truly benefit SGD communities along the cancer care continuum. Using two ongoing research programs as examples, we demonstrate how participatory approaches and existing implementation frameworks are particularly appropriate for working with medically underserved SGD populations. We discuss ways in which such a research paradigm could lead to informed, actionable, and achievable outcomes for researchers, practitioners, and SGD communities. Combined with resources and training opportunities highlighted in this paper, we call on investigators to employ CBPR approaches and IS to make a shift from research that operates in silos and simply focuses on identifying disparities to one that synergistically promotes and sustains health equity by engaging stakeholders across the research to practice and cancer care continuums.
Foreword: Advancing Science to Create Sexual and Gender Cancer Health Equity
Authors: Kano Miria , Tami-Maury Irene , Sanchez Nelson F. , Chang Shine
Published: May 2022

Persistent gaps in our understanding of SGM cancer care needs and best practice interventions to improve care across the cancer continuum from prevention to survivorship through end of life are the focus of this special double issue: Here is what the scientific community needs to move the field of SGM cancer research forward by building capacity, improving policy, and sustaining innovative interventions in SGM cancer clinical care, research, and education across the cancer continuum from prevention to survivorship, articles that describe strategies and policies that address current gaps in SGM cancer clinical care, education, leadership, and research.
Creating a symbol of hope for 2021
Authors:   Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia, Drayton Nicola
Published: May 2022

The idea behind our project was to encourage nursing and midwifery teams to create artistic symbols of hope amid the challenges posed by the global Covid-19 pandemic. Our experiences working with teams using arts-informed approaches have shown us that they offer a space for deeper reflection and a change from more traditional reflection models. The outcome of such projects are unique visual representations of what a subject or event means to the team, and of their emotions and experiences. These are displayed in individual wards and units for all staff, patients, relatives and other visitors to see, often becoming a focal point for conversation. In November 2020, our practice development unit invited teams from across the local health district to create a symbol of hope for 2021. This was inspired by reading an article in AI Practitioner, the international journal of appreciative inquiry, entitled ‘Hope and appreciative inquiry during a pandemic’ (Houston, 2020). The author describes hope as something that is ‘an inescapable part of being a human. Both aspiration, belief in our future and reflection, how we view our past’ (p 49). The importance of finding reasons to ‘live, share, cry, sing, laugh, love, be fearful’ (p 51) is also expressed, with the contention that embracing these as our strengths is where hope lies. One aspect of the work of the practice development unit is inspiring nurses and midwives to capture the essence of experiences that occur in everyday practice using creative approaches. Arts-informed approaches provide a way for individuals and teams to express their experiences, thoughts and feelings visually and creatively (McCormack and Titchen, 2006; Horsfall and Titchen, 2009). Creative approaches such as painting, photo elicitation, creative writing, music and dancing can be used to engage our senses, helping us to access, pay attention to and express feelings and experiences, that might initially be difficult to put into words (Horsfall and Titchen, 2009; Sullivan, 2012; Weber, 2012). This is referred to as embodied knowledge, in which the body is the source of knowing rather than the mind (Weber, 2012).
Strengthening Responses at the Nexus of Social Protection, Humanitarian Aid and Climate Shocks in Protracted Crises: BASIC Research Framing Paper
Authors: Sabates-Wheeler Rachel , Lind Jeremy , Harvey Paul , Slater Rachel
Published: May 2022

The Better Assistance in Crises (BASIC) Research programme seeks to better understand how to strengthen routine social assistance in the most difficult protracted crises – places where compounding shocks such as climate change, conflict and displacement complicate the delivery, sustainability and outcomes of programming. This paper reviews the contours of global and national debates, and the concepts that are key to informing research on social assistance in contexts of protracted crises. It focuses on three fields: social protection, humanitarian assistance, and climate adaptation and responsiveness. It then introduces the specific policy and programming areas and countries that BASIC Research will focus on, based on the identification of knowledge gaps in the inception phase of the research. The paper then develops a research framework for BASIC Research, identifying priority research questions and thematic areas. In line with the aspiration of global donors that any social assistance – including that delivered by humanitarian actors – should build longer-term policies and systems that are increasingly embedded in state-led and state-funded provision, BASIC Research will: examine the complementarities, tensions and linkages between social assistance various actors provide to tackle the multiple and intersecting challenges of climate shocks, conflict and displacement; assess existing capacities, systems and approaches for delivering social assistance; and explore how social assistance is intertwined with politics and economies.
Needs and Vulnerability in Afghanistan
Authors: Allouche Jeremy , Sida Lewis , Nelis Tina , Shahab Sofya
Published: May 2022

This paper draws on a series of events under the Afghanistan Strategic Learning Initiative (ASLI). The initiative has been convened with the support of the UK Humanitarian Innovation Hub and the donor, the UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office, in partnership with the Center for Global Development (CGD), Chatham House, the Institute of Development Studies (IDS), ODI and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development-Development Assistance Committee (OECD-DAC). Between December 2021 and February 2022, ASLI convened four workshops led by each of the partner organisations in turn. The workshops brought together senior leaders, decision-makers, experts, researchers and practitioners to discuss what comes next for foreign aid in Afghanistan. The lead organisation for each workshop published an accompanying paper, of which this is one.
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Minoritised Youth in Cleveland, Ohio, United States
Authors: Schulte Jillian , Schmidt-Sane Megan , Benninger Elizabeth , Hrynick Tabitha , Ripoll Santiago
Published: May 2022

Despite progress in COVID-19 vaccination rates overall in Cleveland, vaccine inequity persists as young people from minoritised communities are often less likely to be vaccinated. Despite being over-represented in COVID-19 case counts and fatalities, Black residents were under-represented in COVID-19 vaccination during the first year and half of the pandemic. In Ohio, while roughly 60% of Cuyahoga County residents are fully vaccinated, just 45% of Cleveland residents are fully vaccinated. Lower-income, majority Black, east side neighbourhoods have markedly lower vaccination rates compared to higher-income, mostly white neighbourhoods. Young people ages 16-40 became eligible for the COVID-19 vaccine on March 29th, 2021, and individuals aged 12 and above were able to get vaccinated from May 2021 onward. However, large disparities exist based age, race, and zip code. This brief illustrates underlying reasons shaping COVID-19 vaccine attitudes among minority (especially Black and Latinx) youth (ages 12-18) and offers key considerations for how young people can be better engaged within Cleveland, Ohio. This brief is based on research, including in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with 61 young people across 16 neighbourhoods through a Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) approach in Cleveland to contextualise youth perspectives of COVID-19 vaccination and highlight areas of hesitancy and confidence. In this brief, we share findings from the study and key considerations for addressing youth ‘vaccine hesitancy’ around the COVID-19 vaccine are presented. This brief was authored by Jillian Schulte (Case Western Reserve University), Megan Schmidt-Sane (IDS), Elizabeth Benninger (Cleveland State University), Tabitha Hrynick (IDS), and Santiago Ripoll (IDS), and includes contributions from Elizabeth Davies (Cleveland State University), Diane Mastnardo, Brenda Pryor (MyCom), Brinda Athreya (Case Western Reserve University), Ivis Maldonado (MyCom) and reviews from Elizabeth Storer (LSE) and Annie Wilkinson (IDS). The research was funded through the British Academy COVID-19 Recovery: USA and UK fund (CRUSA210022). Research was based at the Institute of Development Studies. This brief is the responsibility of SSHAP.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Script pada Peningkatan Kemampuan Berfikir Kreatif Matematis Siswa SMP Negeri di Palembang
Authors: Suryaningsih Nova , Lusiana Lusiana , Mulbasari Anggria Septiani
Published: May 2022

Model pembelajaran Cooperative Script adalah model pembelajaran siswa bekerja secara berpasangan dan menuntut siswa untuk selalu aktif serta kreatif dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adakah pengaruh yang model pembelajaran Cooperative Script terhadap peningkatan kemampuan berfikir kreatif matematis siswa SMP Negeri X Palembang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Quasi experimental design dengan Randomized prestest-postest, dengan populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu seluruh siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri X Palembang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil secara acak terdiri dari kelas VII8 sebagai kelas eksperimen yang diajarkan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Cooperative Script dan kelas VII7 sebagai kelas kontrol yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran konvensional. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan N-gain dan analisis Uji-t. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh model pembelajaran Cooperative Script terhadap peningkatan kemampuan berfikir kreatif matematis siswa SMP Negeri X Palembang.
Kemampuan Spasial Siswa Tunarungu di Sekolah Luar Biasa pada Materi Bangun Ruang
Authors: Gunur Bedilius , Ramda Apolonia Hendrice
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to describe the spatial abilities of deaf students in KM Extraordinary School in Ruteng. The population in this study were all deaf students in high school The subjects in this study were all students of class X with hearing impairment, amounting to five people. The instrument used in this study was a test item with indicators of spatial ability. To support the test results obtained, interviews were conducted directly with the students about the reasons for giving answers to each question they worked on. In addition, interviews were conducted with teachers to find out their mathematical abilities. The results showed that the spatial ability of deaf students of class X at school extraordinary KM varies according to the cognitive abilities possessed by each child. Indicators identify, classify the elements, shape, or position of a geometry object from a certain point of view are the indicators most mastered by students. As for the indicators stating the position between the elements of a building, constructing and representing geometry models still cannot be mastered by most students.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah (PBM) terhadap Pencapaian Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa
Authors: Salim Salim , Lambertus Lambertus , Bariudin La Ode Muhammad
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to determine the influence of PBM model implementation of students' mathematical learning outcomes. The design of this research is quasi experimentation using the posttest only control group pattern. This study was conducted in SMP in Kendari. This research sample was selected using the purposive sampling technique to determine two treatment groups, namely the VIIA class as an experimental class with a problem-based learning (PBM) model and a VIIB class as a control class with a direct learning model. The results showed that there was significantly the influence of PBM model implementation of students' mathematical learning outcomes characterized by elements: (1) Students ' learning activities are superior to being taught with PBM models over direct learning models, (2) Student mathematics learning outcomes in treatment classes with PBM models have a higher average compared to live learning models, (3) PBM models are better compared to live learning models.
AL MAQRIZI'S VIEW ON ISLAMIC ECONOMY AND ITS RELEVANCE TO COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN INDONESIA
Authors: Suar Abi , Meirison Meirison , Elfia Elfia , Hayati Ilda
Published: May 2022

The problem of socio-economic phenomena always attracts the attention of various layers of society and individuals because the State's economic stability is the backbone of the material prosperity of the people. It will positively impact development in multiple fields. The Covid-19 Pandemic outbreak that occurred paralyzed not only humans but also paralyzed the Indonesian economy. During Al-Maqriz's life there was starvation and Inflation in the government of the Bani Mamluks in Egypt, Inflation during this period became the main attraction of researchers to make Al-Maqrizi's Economic Thought as a cornerstone of this research theory. This study aims to determine the concepts and work of Al-Maqrizi in his contribution to the Islamic Economy with his relationship with the Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia by using the literature study research method and field observations. He was armed with adequate experience as a muhtasib (market watchdog).  Al-Maqrizi discussed the problem of Inflation and the role of money in it, a fantastic discussion at that time because it correlated two things that were very rarely done by Muslim and Western thinkers. Inflation occurring in Indonesia is still relatively stable even amid the soaring Rupiah exchange rate when compared with Inflation in the same period before the co-19 epidemic broke out in Indonesia.

Keywords: Al-Maqrizi, Islamic Economy, Covid-19, Indonesia
CONFLICT OF REGULATION NORMS FOR HANDLING OF FOREIGN REFUGEES IN SELECTIVE IMMIGRATION POLICIES: CRITICAL LAW STUDIES AND STATE SECURITY APPROACHES
Authors: Syahrin Muhammad Alvi
Published: May 2022

The increasing number of asylum seekers and refugees in the territory of Indonesia has caused social disturbances, political security, and even orders in society. The number of their arrivals is not proportional to the number of settlements or placement to the recipient country (Australia). To deal with the problem of asylum seekers and refugees who enter and are in the Indonesian territory, the government issued Presidential Regulation No. 125 of 2016 concerning Handling of Foreign Refugees. This regulation does not only confirm the position of Indonesia pro against refugee humanitarian policies, but also its manufacture which is not in accordance with the legal principles of the establishment of legislation. The legal position of Presidential Regulation No. 125 of 2016 raises disharmony in the legal order (immigration) in Indonesia. Article 7 of Law Number 12 of 2011 has stipulated the order of laws and regulations that form the basis of the enactment of all legal regulations in Indonesia. The provisions of this article are in harmony with the Theory of Norms Hierarchy (Hans Kelsen) which explains that lower norms are valid, sourced and based on higher norms. However, this theory is not enacted in the formation of Presidential Regulation Number 125 of 2016, where in the body the norm is in conflict with the higher legal norms above it. The existence of this regulation has created norm conflicts which have led to the absence of legal certainty.

Keywords: Presidential Regulation Number 125 of 2016, Refugees, Immigration
Moral Topography of Memory, Time Control and Accumulation of Identity
Authors: Machura Piotr
Published: May 2022

The aim of this paper is to analyze the basis for the moral obligation to remember. As the moral relation to the past is primarily a matter of shared identity, the kind of obligation in question splits into two related issues, namely, that of political, state-oriented and state-organized memory on which the political identity rests and that of memory labour grounded in social identities based in shared, time-extended projects. Drawing upon tensions between these two, I discuss time control and the accumulation of identity as central to memory labour and, referring to John Zerzan’s critique of symbolical roots of power, pinpoint the moral basis of such an accumulation. On the basis of this, I argue for nesting the duty to remember in acknowledging the agent’s recognition of the relatedness and dependency of their agency and possibilities of flourishing which can be obtained thanks to adjusting the field of the virtue of practical wisdom so that it includes members of the time-extended community.
Intenção Empreendedora de Estudantes de Gestão Brasileiros e a Possível Crise Econômica Causada Pela Pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Aragão Frota Luis André , Quixadá Bezerra Sefisa , Portela Martins Tiago André
Published: May 2022

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a Intenção Empreendedora de estudantes de gestão brasileiros em uma situação de insegurança frente à uma possível crise econômica causada pela pandemia global da doença Corona Virus Desease 2019 (Covid-19), para tanto foi aplicado um questionário denominado Entrepreneurial Intention Questionnaire – EIQ em estudantes de cursos técnicos e superiores em administração e analisados por uma Analise fatorial Exploratória com método de extração de máxima verossimilhança e a rotação varimax e uma Análise de Regressão Múltipla para verificar a influência de cada um dos constructos sobre a “Intenção Empreendedora” dos respondentes. Resultou que, em momentos de incerteza econômica os futuros empresários tendem a seguir seus desejos e objetivos pessoais em detrimento do que as pessoa do seu ciclo social pensam a respeito e que este comportamento pode estar sendo explicado pelo empreendedorismo por necessidade ou pelo vislumbre de oportunidades de inovação diante do cenário econômico pós pandemia.
Avanço no custeio educacional:
Authors: Martins Andreia Dulce , Gasparetto Valdirene , Lavarda Carlos Eduardo Facin
Published: May 2022

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a estrutura de apuração de custos de um campus de uma instituição federal de educação. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada num campus de uma instituição pública de ensino, localizada em Santa Catarina. Especificamente, o estudo observou como os custos diretos e os overheads se relacionam aos departamentos e qual a metodologia mais indicada para alocá-los aos objetos de custo da entidade - atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão. A coleta de dados realizou-se por meio do site da instituição e mediante consulta ao Sistema de Informações de Custos do Governo Federal (SIC). Os dados foram compilados por meio de planilhas eletrônicas e confrontados com entrevistas não-estruturadas realizadas com gestores, a fim de examinar a estrutura existente na unidade pesquisada, com o objetivo de mapear o fluxo das principais atividades que consomem recursos.  A partir da pesquisa construiu-se um modelo de custeio para a entidade, com base no método de custeio pleno, que permite segregar os custos por atividades relacionadas ao ensino, pesquisa e extensão, o que permite melhoria na gestão, no controle e na evidenciação dos recursos utilizados e benefícios gerados.
Plataformas e Ecossistemas:
Authors: Andrade Cristiana , Reis Gonçalo Cláudio
Published: May 2022

A Transformação Digital é um fenômeno direcionado em um setor por orientação aos clientes; por orientação para mobilidade, e por orientação sobre os dados (Akatkin, Konyavskiy, & Yasinovskaya, 2017). Tais direcionamentos se assemelham aos vetores utilizados pela OECD para qualificar a transformação digital com plataformas considerando a velocidade e a mobilidade proporcionada por sua abrangência tecnológica (OECD, 2019). Portanto, a perspectiva do ecossistema de plataformas coloca ênfase na composição e configuração de componentes tecnológicos. Impulsionada pela Indústria 4.0, esta arquitetura estrategista, permitiu a economia digital diante de tecnologias habilitadoras, dentre as quais fatores de mediação de transações entre grupos de atores são destaque (Helfat & Raubitschek, 2018). O presente trabalho trata-se de uma revisão integradora de teorias de recursos, conhecimento e capacidades com um olhar voltado a 188 artigos direcionados a sua implicação em uso de plataformas e integração com ecossistemas. A contribuição teórica sugere não só a discussão da transformação digital, mas também expressa indicações de trabalhos e caminhos futuros deste veio emergente teórico
Ser Professor e os sentidos da Didática por meio da lição tríplice: renascimento, conhecimento, compaixão
Authors: Fortunato Ivan , Araújo Osmar Hélio , Medeiros Emerson Augusto de
Published: May 2022

En este texto, tomados por la preocupación por el futuro de la profesión docente como campo de formación para el desempeño profesional, escudriñamos los posibles significados de la Didáctica imbuidos en la última frase del libro “El tercero educado”, de Michel Serres: “Re-nacido, lo sabe, tiene compasión. Ahora puede enseñar”. Examinamos cada fragmento de la oración, buscando significados más profundos para el ejercicio dual de ser docente y ser docente-docente de nuevos docentes. En esencia, se trata de renacer, conocer y concienciar(se) diariamente.
Pembimbingan Wirausaha Budidaya Lele untuk Meningkatkan Taraf Hidup Masyarakat Desa Cinangka, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat
Authors: Zairin Gentiga Muhammad , Widanarni  , Al Rosjidi Anis
Published: May 2022

Kebutuhan lele di Jabodetabek terbilang cukup tinggi. Sebagai sumber protein yang digemari masyarakat, kebutuhan lele juga terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Kebutuhan ini bahkan belum dapat terpenuhi dari pasokan yang ada. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya potensi besar dalam bisnis budidaya lele. Budidaya lele juga relatif mudah dan dapat dilakukan dalam kolam yang sederhana. Aktivitas pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan untuk menciptakan wirausaha budidaya lele di Desa Cinangka, Kecamatan Ciampea, Kabupaten Bogor. Desa Cinangka dipilih karena ebagian warga kehilangan pekerjaan akibat dampak Pandemi Covid-19. Desa Cinangka memiliki daya dukung lingkungan yang tinggi untuk budidaya lele karena memiliki pasokan air yang melimpah dan lahan yang mencukupi. Kegiatan pengabdian diawali dengan pelatihan budidaya lele. Kegiatan dilanjutkan dengan pembuatan kolam oleh warga. Setelah kolam dibuat, warga melakukan pemijahan dan penebiran benih lele. Lele kemudian dibudidayakan dan dipanen apabila lele sudah siap panen. Dengan adanya budidaya lele di Desa Cinangka, taraf hidup masyarakat Desa Cinangka meningkat karena pengangguran di Desa Cinangka memperoleh pekerjaan dan penghasilan dari budidaya lele.
SARS-CoV-2 infection and Diabetes: Pathophysiological Mechanism of Multi-System Organ Failure
Authors: Roy Bipradas , Runa Sadia Afrin
Published: May 2022

Since the discovery of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, a vast majority of studies have been carried out that confirmed the worst outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in people with preexisting health conditions, including diabetes, obesity, hypertension, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Likewise, diabetes itself is one of the leading causes of global public health concerns that impose a heavy global burden on public health as well as socio-economic development. Both diabetes and SARS-CoV-2 infection have their independent ability to induce the pathogenesis and severity of multi-system organ dysfunction, while the co-existence of these two culprits can accelerate the pathophysiology and magnify the severity of the diseases. However, the exact pathophysiology of multi-system organ failure in diabetic patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection is still obscure. This review summarized the organ-specific possible molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 and diabetes-induced pathophysiology of several diseases of multiple organs, including the lungs, heart, kidney, brain, eyes, gastrointestinal system, and bones, and subsequent manifestation of multi-system organ failure.
Exploring Potential Causal Genes for Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy: A Summary Data-Based Mendelian Randomization and FUMA Analysis
Authors: Zhang Qian , Zhang Kang , Zhu Yining , Yang Jingyun , Zhang Minmin
Published: May 2022

Background: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is a complex autoimmune disease, and the exact pathogenesis remains to be elucidated. Methods: We conducted summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) analysis and performed functional mapping and annotation using FUMA to explore genetic loci that are po-tentially involved in the pathogenies of IgAN. Both analyses used summarized data of a recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) on IgANs, which included 477,784 Europeans (15,587 cases and 462,197 controls) and 175,359 East Asians (71 cases and 175,288 controls). We performed separate SMR analysis using CAGE and GTEx eQTL data. Results: Using the CAGE eQTL data, our SMR analysis identified 32 probes tagging 25 unique genes that were pleiotropically/potentially causally associated with IgAN, with the top three probes being ILMN_2150787 (tagging HLA-C, PSMR=2.10×10-18), ILMN_1682717 (tagging IER3, PSMR=1.07×10-16) and ILMN_1661439 (tagging FLOT1, PSMR=1.16×10-14). Using GTEx eQTL data, our SMR analysis identified 24 probes tagging 24 unique genes, with the top three probes being ENSG00000271581.1 (tagging XXbac-BPG248L24.12, PSMR=1.44×10-10), ENSG00000186470.9 (tagging BTN3A2, PSMR=2.28×10-10), and ENSG00000224389.4 (tagging C4B, PSMR=1.23×10-9). FUMA analysis identified 3 independent, significant and lead SNPs, 2 genomic risk loci and 39 genes. Conclusion: We identified many genetic variants/loci that are potentially involved in the patho-genesis of IgAN.
An Iterated Local Search with Multiple Perturbation Operators and a Varying Perturbation Strength for the Capacitated Team Orienteering Problem with Time Windows
Authors: El Fahim Hassan
Published: May 2022

The capacitated team orienteering problem with time windows (CTOPTW) is a NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem. In the CTOPTW, a set of customers is given each with a profit, a demand, a service time and a time window. A homogeneous fleet of vehicles is available for serving customers and collecting their associated profits. Each vehicle is constrained by a maximum tour duration and a limited capacity. The CTOPTW is concerned with the determination of a preset number of vehicle tours that begin and end at a depot, visit each customer no more than once while satisfying the time duration, time window and vehicle capacity constraints on each tour. The objective is to maximize the total profit collected. In this study we propose an iterated local search (ILS) algorithm to deal with the CTOPTW. ILS is a single solution based meta-heuristic that successively invokes a local search procedure to explore the solution space. A perturbation operator is used to modify the current local optimum solution in order to provide a starting solution for the local search procedure. As different problems and instances have different characteristics, the success of the ILS is highly dependent on the local search procedure, the perturbation operator(s) and the perturbation strength. The basic ILS uses a single perturbation operator and the perturbation strength remains the same during the optimization process. To address these issues, we use three different perturbation operators and a varying perturbation strength which changes as the algorithm progresses. The idea is to assign a larger perturbation strength in the early stages of the search in order to focus on exploring the search space. The perturbation strength is gradually decreased so that we focus more on exploitation. The computational results show that the proposed ILS algorithm is able to generate high quality solutions on the CTOPTW benchmark instances taken from the scientific literature, demonstrating its efficiency in terms of both the solution quality and computational time. Moreover, the proposed ILS produces 21 best known results and 5 new best solutions.
Penanaman pendidikan karakter di keluarga selama pembelajaran jarak jauh pada siswa kelas 5 SDN Plumbon Tawangmangu
Authors: Pratomo Wachid , Nadziroh Nadziroh , Chairiyah Chairiyah
Published: May 2022

Abstract: Character is strongly influenced by the surrounding environment, the surrounding environment is able to influence good and bad characters in children. The family environment is a unit that is known for its very large role because the family has a very important function in the continuity of social life and the process of instilling values, especially during distance learning. This study aims to describe character education in the family environment during distance learning in fifth grade SD N Plumbon Tawangmangu. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Data analysis techniques used data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions and verification. The results of the collected data show that: Parents in providing character education during distance learning are given by direct example and habituation of good behavior in everyday life. Supporting factors include the existence of a cellphone to communicate with parents and family members at home while working. Constraints for  the busyness of the parents working, the teacher delivering the material monotonously, making the child not develop interest in learning and doing tasks, and the child's boredom makes it often play with friends and watch television for a long time so that they forget their obligations. Efforts to overcome obstacles the include using cellphones to communicate with family members at home, as well as providing good examples from parents and teachers.

 

Abstrak: Karakter sangat dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan sekitarnya, lingkungan sekitar mampu memengaruhi karakter baik dan buruk pada anak. Lingkungan keluarga merupakan unit yang terkenal peranannya sangat besar karena keluarga mempunyai fungsi yang sangat penting dalam kelangsungan kehidupan bermasyarakat serta proses penanaman nilai terlebih disaat pembelajaran jarak jauh.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pendidikan karakter di lingkungan keluarga selama pembelajaran jarak jauh pada siswa kelas 5 SDN Plumbon Tawangmangu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Hasil data yang terkumpul menunjukkan bahwa: Orang tua dalam memberikan pendidikan karakter selama pembelajaran jarak jauh diberikan dengan cara pemberian contoh secara langsung dan pembiasaan berperilaku baik di dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Faktor pendukung antara lain adanya handphone untuk berkomunikasi orang tua dengan anggota keluarga di rumah selama bekerja. Kendala yang dihadapi adalah kesibukan orang tua bekerja, guru menyampaikan materi secara monoton serta sering bermain bersama teman dan menonton televisi dengan waktu yang lama sehingga lupa dengan kewajibannya. Upaya untuk mengatasi hambatan antara lain memanfaatkan handphone untuk berkomunikasi dengan anggota keluarga yang berada di rumah, serta pemberian ketauladanan sdan contoh baik dari orang tua dan guru.
CESSATION OF A SUBTROPICAL GLASS RAMP DURING THE PERMIAN CHERT EVENT: MURDOCK MOUNTAIN FORMATION, WESTERN U.S.A.
Authors: WISTORT ZACK , RITTERBUSH KATHLEEN , HOOD SEANA C.
Published: May 2022

The Murdock Mountain Formation crops out across northern Utah and Nevada as part of the Park City Group; a unit within the greater Phosphoria Rock Complex. The Murdock Mountain is a hundreds-meters-thick section of mixed chert, dolomite, and siltstone. This unit is the southernmost expression of the widespread Permian Chert Event and offers unique views of sedimentology and paleoecology during this event. Previous researchers have described shallow-water facies dominated by biosiliceous sedimentary production as glass ramps. This framework has been speculatively applied by others to the units of the Park City Group in northern Utah and Nevada. In this study, we test whether the glass ramp depositional framework accurately represents the strata of the Murdock Mountain Formation. We use stratigraphic, hand sample, and thin section data to describe the sedimentological character of the Murdock Mountain Formation and the overlying Gerster Limestone. Four chert facies and one carbonate facies are recognized based upon the presence of silt, sponge spicules, carbonate bioclasts, and evaporites. The Murdock Mountain Formation shares many characteristics with other reported glass ramp localities. We interpret the transition from chert to carbonate-rich strata as an alternation between stable states with silica-producing fauna dominating the Murdock Mountain and carbonate-producing fauna dominating the Gerster. The takeover of biosiliceous deposition by carbonate highlights the termination of a glass ramp and the onset of a carbonate ramp regime.
Exposing the Negligent Vassal in the Condemnations of Sakuma Nobumori and Nobuhide by Oda Nobunaga. Oda Nobunaga, Memorandum, Trans. by Svyatoslav A. Polkhov
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Polkhov Svyatoslav A.
Published: May 2022

The article examines the reprimands of the ruler of Late Medieval Japan, Oda Nobunaga, written in 1580 and addressed to his high-ranking vassal Sakuma Nobumori and his son Sakuma Nobuhide. Copies of this document have been preserved as part of the Shinchō-kō ki chronicle. Sakuma Nobumori, one of the highranking vassals of Oda Nobunaga, who commanded the siege of the Ozaka fortress, fell out of favor in 1580 after Ozaka came under Nobunaga’s control. Probably this disfavor is connected with Nobunaga’s desire to redistribute the lands and control over the vassals in Oda house, and the reprimands were supposed to justify Sakuma Nobumori’s separation from power in the eyes of other samurai. Nobunaga condemned Nobumori for inaction during the siege of the fortress, as well as for inappropriate treatment of subordinate military commanders and stinginess. He recalled the past failures of Nobumori and set his other commanders as an example to him (Akechi Mitsuhide, Hasiba Hideyoshi, etc.), who conquered new lands and glorified themselves. Criticizing Sakuma, Nobunaga simultaneously creates for his vassals the ideal of a commander subject to him, sophisticated in the way of the warrior and skillfully managing his vassal house. Thus, Nobunaga relied on ideas and doctrines that were widespread in Late Medieval Japan. Subsequently, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who became Nobunaga’s successor, also addressed similar documents to the vassals who incurred his wrath. The annex to the article contains a commented translation of Nobunaga’s condemnations into Russian.
“Perfect Human Being” vs “Righteous Jurist”: Sufi Origins of the Political Concept of Imam Khomeini
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fedorova Yulia E.
Published: May 2022

The main models of rationalization formed in the classical period of the Arab-Muslim culture (VIII–XV centuries) have had a notable impact on Modern polit­ical discourse in Iran. The paper presents an analysis of the political concept of the ideologist of the Islamic revolution in Iran in 1979 Ayatollah Khomeini (1902–1989). Applying the categorical model “explicit – hidden” (ẓāhir – bāṭin) to the analysis of Khomeini’s argumentation makes it possible to identify the most important references to the major philosophemes of mature Sufism in his main work “Governance of the Jurist: Islamic Government” (Vilāyāt-i faqīh: hukumat-i islāmi). The paper explores Khomeini’s views on the phenomenon of Islamic rule, personal qualities and duties of the ruler-jurist (faqīh). The result shows how the concept of the “Perfect Human Being” (insān kāmil), of the greatest Sufi thinker Ibn ‘Arabi (1165–1240) is realized and fundamentally re­considered in Khomeini’s political manifesto. In Ibn ‘Arabi’s philosopheme the unity of God-and-world is manifested by the “Perfect Human Being”. The gov­ernance of Khomeini’s “Righteous Jurist” helps maintain God-and-people “con­nection” at state level. A comparison of Ibn ‘Arabi’s philosopheme and the polit­ical concept the “Governance of the Jurist” sheds light on the ways the “Perfect Human Being” concept increasingly associated with the figure of “Righteous Ju­rist” in socio-political reality of pre-revolutionary Iran
Philosophical Analysis of the Problem of Human Improvement in the Expansion of the Possibilities of Biotechnology
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Khen Julia V. , Mikhaylina Svetlana A. ,   National Research University of Electronic Technology “MIET”
Published: May 2022

The paper examines the transformation of ethical norms governing the activities of “eugenicists” in the context of increasing opportunities for biotechnology. The main question is formulated as follows: whether the successes of science bring novelty to the “humanitarian” sphere of eugenics. Eugenic discourse since its formation in ancient times is characterized by repetitive structural elements, such as the thesis of the degeneration of man in the course of civilizational de­velopment, a reference to “scientific” knowledge and an appeal to power struc­tures as the force that should carry out eugenic transformations in society. It is also noted that at all times eugenic programs have represented a certain chal­lenge to public morality, since the improvement of the “human breed” reduces man to the position of an agricultural animal. The development of biotechnology has made it really possible to adjust the genome (for the first time since the birth of the eugenic idea). However, ethical standards have not changed significantly since the criticism of racial hygiene programs. The progress of biotechnology gives the impression that significant progress is taking place in the “humanitar­ian” part of eugenics. However, a balanced analysis shows that completely dif­ferent processes are taking place in this area. Thus, the turn towards the liberal project marks the abandonment of the central task of classical eugenics, namely the improvement of the species homo sapiens. Whereas the goal of liberal eugen­ics is to correct individual genomes, which cannot significantly affect the ge­nome of mankind. The use of digital technologies, in addition to the direct pur­pose of processing large amounts of data, also serves to blur responsibility for interfering with the human genome, since part of the decisions (for example, di­agnosis and determination of the treatment strategy) are transferred to machine intelligence. This circumstance shows that the search for new arguments in favor of (or against) eugenic policy will be appropriate and in demand.
N6-methyladenosine regulates maternal RNA maintenance in oocytes and timely RNA decay during mouse maternal-to-zygotic transition
Authors: Wu You , Gao Yawei , Gao Shaorong
Published: May 2022

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) on RNA and its regulatory components play critical roles in various developmental processes in mammals. However, the landscape and function of m6A in early embryos remain unclear due to limited materials. Current methods typically need total RNA greater than microgram amount to map m6A positions, which prevents us from revealing the crucial role of m6A in early embryonic development in mice. Here, we developed an ultra-low-input(ULI) MeRIP-seq method to reveal the transcriptome-wide m6A landscape in limited biological materials which contain as low as 50ng total RNA. Antibody-based ULI MeRIP-seq reveal the high efficiency of immunoprecipitation and reduced RNA loss during the experiments. Sequencing data reveal the m6A enrichment of mRNAs as well as non-coding RNAs which are highly recapitulated the results generated by 2µg of total RNA.To further promote the application on limited RNA materials, we describe a step-by-step protocol about how to construct a successful ULI MeRIP-seq library.