bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Propagation of Polymer Nanospheres in Outcrop Cores
Authors: Lenchenkov Nikita S. , Slob Michiel , Glasbergen Gerard , van Kruijsdijk Cor
Published: August 2019

When nanospheres are used for in-depth diversion in heterogeneous reservoirs, it is desired that spheres propagate deep into the reservoir along highly permeable zones with a resistance-factor (RF) buildup over time. This results in the reduced permeability of these reservoir zones and the diversion of subsequently injected water into unswept areas with higher oil saturation.

Theoretically, a good propagation of the spheres can be achieved if their size is significantly smaller than the radius of pore throats. However, because of the interaction of nanospheres with each other and their swelling behavior, they can be retained without further propagation. Depending on the characteristics of the reservoir, the required deep propagation might not be realistic. Hence, it is important to study the influence of essential reservoir characteristics, such as brine salinity, saturation, and rock mineralogy, on the retention of the spheres in porous media.

In this work, a series of coreflood experiments in Berea, Bentheimer, and Boise outcrop cores were performed to experimentally study the flow of nanospheres in porous media with different mineralogy and permeability. Complementary to that, the dynamic of the pressure drop over cores and the carbon content in the effluent were also analyzed at different injection flow rates. Dynamic light–scattering (DLS) tests indicated the size of nanospheres in different types of brine and helped to better understand their influence on the propagation in porous media.

The results of the work show that the propagation of nanospheres in porous media is highly dependent on the brine salinity in cores with single- and multiphase saturations. For the same experimental conditions, the RF of nanospheres in porous media depends on the flow rate.
Tele-transitions of Care (TTOC). A 12-month, Randomized Controlled Trial evaluating the use of Telehealth to achieve Triple Aim Objectives
Authors: Noel Kimberly , Messina Catherine , Hou Wei , Schoenfeld Elinor , Kelly Gerald
Published: August 2019

Background: Poor transitions of care leads to increased health costs, utilization and poor outcomes. This study evaluated Telehealth feasibility in improving transitions of care.

Methods: This is a 12-month randomized controlled trial, evaluating the use of telehealth (remote patient monitoring and video visits) versus standard transitions of care with the outcomes of over utilization, access to care, medication management and adherence and patient engagement.

Results: The study conducted between June 2017 and 2018, included 105 patients. Compared with the standard of care, Telehealth patients were more likely to have medicine reconciliation (p = 0.013) and were 7 times more likely to adhere to medication than the control group (p = 0.03). Telehealth patients exhibited enthusiasm (p = 0.0001), and confidence that Telehealth could improve their healthcare (p= 0.0001). Telehealth showed no statistical significance on ED utilization (p = 0.691) nor for readmissions (p = 0.31). 100% of Telehealth patients found the intervention to be valuable, 98% if given the opportunity, reported they would continue using telehealth to manage their healthcare needs, and 94% reported that the remote patient monitoring technology was useful.

Conclusions: Telehealth can improve transitions of care after hospital discharge improving patient engagement and adherence to medications. Although this study was unable to show the effect of Telehealth on reduced healthcare utilization, more research needs to be done in order to understand the true impact of Telehealth on preventing avoidable hospital readmission and ED visits.
Comparison of the effects of intravenous and inhalational anesthesia on postoperative pulmonary complications after oral and maxillofacial surgery with free flap reconstruction: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Zhou Dan , Zhu Xi , Wang Likuan , Yang Xudong , Liu Yun , Zhang Xiang
Published: August 2019

Background: The effects of intravenous and inhalation anesthesia on intraoperative and postoperative pulmonary inflammatory responses have been reported in many studies. However, the differences in clinical postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) have rarely been studied, except in cases of lung resection. The main goal of the current study was to assess the impact of sevoflurane and propofol on the incidence of PPCs in patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery. Methods: In this double-blind, randomized, controlled trial, we randomly assigned 220 adults at intermediate-to-high risk of pulmonary complications after oral and maxillofacial surgery to either propofol or sevoflurane as a general anesthetic. The occurrence of pulmonary complications according to the Clavien-Dindo score was defined as the primary (within 7 days after surgery) outcome. Results: The two intervention groups had similar characteristics at baseline. The PPCs incidence during 7 days after surgery was 32.4% and 18.2% in the propofol and sevoflurane groups, respectively (adjusted relative risk, 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.22 to 0.91; P = 0.027). The corresponding incidence of PPCs in patients who underwent tracheotomy after surgery was 44.8% and 24.5% (adjusted relative risk, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.91; P = 0.030). Intergroup difference in the time to occurrence of the first PPC after surgery was significant (P = 0.021). There was no difference in postoperative hospital stay between the two groups. Conclusions: Compared with intravenous anesthesia, the administration of sevoflurane reduces the frequency of PPCs in intermediate-risk and high-risk patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery with microvascular reconstruction. Trial registration: Clinical Trail Registration: ChiCTR1800015347; Registered March 25, 2018.
A Cross-sectional Study Investigating Learning Approaches in Undergraduate Medical Education
Authors: Akhras Aya , Wahood Waseem , Rad Fatemeh Abdulrahman Amir , Tuffnell Christopher , Davis David , Banerjee Yajnavalka
Published: August 2019

Objective
The primary objective of this proof-of-concept cross-sectional study was to identify a framework for appraising the learning-approaches of undergraduate medical students in a competency based medical curriculum and correlating the results with teaching-approaches, as well as academic performance. The study was pursued at MBRU, which is a medical school in the Middle East with an undergraduate entry medical program.

Results
Our framework was blueprinted using the Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST) questionnaire, to which we made some modifications such that the overall cogency of the questionnaire wasn’t affected.
Initial results with modified ASSIST at MBRU showed that most of our students adopted Deep or Strategic-learning approaches. This observation is in line with other studies in the literature, which shows that modified ASSIST is a suitable tool for mapping generic learning approaches with teaching approaches.
Further, based on the insights from our initial results following the implementation of modified ASSIST, we have considered specific pedagogical strategies, in practice at MBRU, which cater to the generic learning approaches of majority of our undergraduate medical students. These pedagogical approaches, A. Feynman’s Technique; and B. Blended learning strategies, if implemented suitably in a curriculum will transform “Surface-learners” to “Deep/Strategic-learners”.
Explicit and implicit attachment and the outcomes of acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy for depression
Authors: A-Tjak Jacqueline G.L. , Morina Nexhmedin , Boendermaker Wouter J. , Topper Maurice , Emmelkamp Paul M.G.
Published: August 2019

Background

Attachment theory predicts that patients who are not securely attached may benefit less from psychological treatment. However, evidence on the predictive role of attachment in the effectiveness of treatment for depression is limited.

Methods

Explicit attachment styles, levels of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance, as well as implicit relational self-esteem and implicit relational anxiety were assessed in 67 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) receiving Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) or Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). ANOVA and hierarchical regression analyses were performed to investigate the predictive power of explicit and implicit attachment measures on treatment outcome.

Results

Explicit attachment avoidance at pre-treatment significantly predicted reduction of depressive symptoms following treatment. Reductions in attachment anxiety and avoidance from pre- to post-treatment predicted better treatment outcomes. Neither attachment style as a categorical variable nor any of the implicit measures significantly predicted treatment outcome.

Limitations

The sample size is likely to limit the power to detect small effects.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that patients with all four attachment styles may profit similarly from psychological interventions. Attachment avoidance as a dimension was shown to play a role in treatment of depression, as were reductions in avoidant and anxious attachment dimensions. Future research should therefore investigate under what circumstances attachment avoidance can lead to better treatment results and if these effects remain in the long term.
Correlation Between Ischaemia Modified Albumin Level And Coronary Collateral Circulation
Authors: Chen Xin , Lin Yan , Tian Lihua , Wang Zhiquan
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between ischemic modified albumin(IMA) level and coronary collateral circulation(CCC) in patients with chronic total occlusive disease (CTO).MethodsCoronary angiography was performed in the Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from 2017-08 to 2019-02 to determine 128 patients with CTO lesions in at least one major coronary artery. According to the Rentrop evaluation criteria, the degree of CCC formation was divided into CCC poor formation group (Rentrop0-1grade, n=69) and CCC formation good group (Rentrop2-3grade, n=59). The IMA level of the patients was measured using an albumin-cobalt binding assay. Record and analyze the patient's general data, blood routine, total bilirubin(TBIL), blood lipids, uric acid (UA),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) and other indicators, while recording the patient's occlusion of blood vessels.ResultsThe proportion of platelet count and diabetes in the poor CCC group was higher than that in the good group (P<0.05).The ratio of ischemic modified albumin and total bilirubin in the poor CCC group was lower than that in the good group (P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ischemic modified albumin was positively correlated with CCC formation(OR=1.190,95%CI (1.092-1.297),P<0.001), diabetes was negatively correlated with CCC formation (OR=0.285,95%CI(0.094-0.864),P<0.05). Ischemic modified albumin predicts good formation of CCC under the ROC curve and the area under the ROC curve is 0.769 (95% CI 0.686-0.851, P<0.001); the optimal cut-off value was 63.35KU/L, the sensitivity is 71.2%,specificity is 71%.ConclusionThe IMA level is closely related to the good formation of CCC.The higher IMA level can be used as an effective predictor of the good CCC formation in CTO.
Application of MALDI-TOF MS to rapid identification of anaerobic bacteria: a meta-analysis
Authors: Li Ying , Shan Mingzhu , Zhu Zuobin , Mao Xuhua , Yan Mingju , Chen Ying , Li Hongchun , Gu Bing
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND: Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has been rapidly developed and widely used as an analytical technique in clinical laboratories with high accuracy in microorganism identification.
OBJECTIVE: To validate the efficacy of MALDI-TOF MS in identification of clinical pathogenic anaerobes.
METHODS: Twenty-eight studies covering 6685 strains of anaerobic bacteria were included in this meta-analysis. Fixed-effects models based on the P-value and the I-squared were used for meta-analysis to consider the possibility of heterogeneity between studies. Statistical analyses were performed by using STATA 12.0.
RESULTS: The identification accuracy of MALDI-TOF MS was 84% for species (I2 = 98.0%, P < 0.1), and 92% for genus (I2 = 96.6%, P < 0.1). Thereinto, the identification accuracy of Bacteroides was the highest at 96% with a 95% CI of 95-97%, followed by Lactobacillus spp., Parabacteroides spp., Clostridium spp., Propionibacterium spp., Prevotella spp., Veillonella spp. and Peptostreptococcus spp., and their correct identification rates were all above 90%, while the accuracy of rare anaerobic bacteria was relatively low. Meanwhile, the overall capabilities of two MALDI-TOF MS systems were different. The identification accuracy rate was 90% for VITEK MS vs. 86% for MALDI biotyper system.
CONCLUSION: Our research showed that MALDI-TOF-MS was satisfactory in genus identification of clinical pathogenic anaerobic bacteria. However, this method still suffered from different drawbacks in precise identification of rare anaerobe and species levels of common anaerobic bacteria.
Transcriptomics analysis revealing candidate genes and networks for sex differentiation of Yesso scallop(Patinopecten yessoensis)
Authors: Zhou Liqing , Liu Zhihong , Dong Yinghui , Sun Xiujun , Wu Biao , Yu Tao , Zheng Yanxin , Yang Aiguo , Zhao Qing , Zhao Dan
Published: August 2019

Background:The Yesso scallop, Patinopecten (Mizuhopecten) yessoensis, is a commercially important bivalve in the coastal countries of Northeast Asia. It has complex modes of sex differentiation, but knowledge of the mechanisms underlying this sex determination and differentiation is limited. Results:In this study, the gonad tissues from females and males at three developmental stages were used to investigate candidate genes and networks for sex differentiation via RNA-Req. A total of 901,980,606 high quality clean reads were obtained from 18 libraries, of which 417 expressed male-specific genes and 754 expressed female-specific genes. Totally, 10,074 genes differentially expressed in females and males were identified. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed that turquoise and green gene modules were significantly positively correlated with male gonads, while coral1 and black modules were significantly associated with female gonads. The most important gene for sex determination and differentiation was Pydmrt1, which was the only gene discovered that determined the male sex phenotype during early gonadal differentiation. Enrichment analyses of GO terms and KEGG pathways revealed that genes involved in metabolism, genetic and environmental information processes or pathways are sex-biased. Forty-nine genes in the five modules involved in sex differentiation or determination were identified and selected to construct a gene co-expression network and a hypothesized sex differentiation pathway. Conclusions: The current study focused on screening genes of sex differentiation in Yesso scallop, highlighting the potential regulatory mechanisms of gonadal development in P. yessoensis. Our data suggested that WCGNA can facilitate identification of key genes for sex differentiation and determination. Using this method, a hypothesized P. yessoensis sex determination and differentiation pathway was constructed. In this pathway, Pydmrt1 may have a leading function.
Exérese de tumor incomum em região pré-auricular: relato de caso
Authors: Gaetti-Jardim Ellen Cristina , Moraes Antunes Daniella , Barros Rosana Mara Giordano de , Figueiredo Francielly Thomas , Silva Julio Cesar Leite da , Gaetti-Jardim Junior Elerson , Faverani Leonardo Perez , Baldo Mario Eduardo
Published: August 2019

O cilindroma é um tumor de face raro que acomete frequentemente o couro cabeludo e o pescoço podendo ser benigno ou também desenvolver um curso maligno. É objetivo apresentar um caso de paciente de 55 anos de idade com um tumor de pequena dimensão em região pré-auricular a esquerda, com queixas álgicas e presença de discreta equimose. A terapêutica empregada foi a excisão cirúrgica e acompanhamento. A paciente, após 3 meses de controle pós-operatório apresenta-se sem queixas e sem sinais de recidiva. Deste modo, pode-se concluir que o tratamento empregado foi satisfatório com bons resultados. Em virtude da possibilidade de recidiva a paciente segue em acompanhamento.Descritores: Cilindroma; Diagnóstico; Terapêutica.ReferênciasSingh DD, Naujoks C, Depprich R, Schulte K, Jankowiak F, Kübler NR et al. Cylindroma of head and neck: Review of the literature and report of two rare cases. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2013;41(6):516-21.Sicinska J, Rakowska A, Czuwara-Ladykowska J, Mroz A, Lipinski M, Nasierowska-Guttmejer A et al. Cylindrom a transforming into basal cell carcinoma in a patient with Brooke-Spiegler syndrome. J Dermatol Case Rep. 2007;1(1):4-9.Mourouzis C, Boynton A, Grant J, Umar T, Wilson A, Macpheson D et al: Cutaneous head and neck SCCs and risk of nodal metastasis e UK experience. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2009;37(8):443-47.Retamar RA, Stengel F, Saadi ME, Kien MC, Della Giovana P, Cabrera H et al: Brooke-Spiegler syndrome e report of four families: treatment with CO2 laser. Int J Dermatol. 2007;46(6):583-86.Schmaltz R, Muller CS, Vogt T. Sudden growth of previously indolent scalp nodule. Hautarzt. 2010;61(6):518-21.Jordão C, de Magalhães TC, Cuzzi T, Ramos-e-Silva M. Cylindroma: an update. Int J Dermatol. 2015;54(3):275-78.Bansal C, Batra M, Lal N, Srivastava AN. Solitary Cylindroma with Malignant Transformation. Indian J Dermatol. 2012;57(2):141-43.Gerretsen AL, van der Putte SC, Deenstra W, van Wloten WA.Cutaneous cylindroma with malignant transformation. Cancer. 1993;72(5):1618-23.
Adding Phosphate Fertilizer and Apple Waste to Pig Manure during Composting Mitigates Nitrogen Gas Emissions and Improves Compost Quality
Authors: Jiang Jishao , Kang Kang , Zhang Chunyan , Yan Guangxuan , Lv Jinghua , Li Yunbei
Published: August 2019

Calcium superphosphate and apple (Malus pumila Mill.) waste can be used for controlling N loss and improving compost quality during composting, whereas integrated addition of the two additives on composting process remains unexplored. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of combined use of calcium superphosphate and apple waste on NH3 and N2O emissions and compost quality during pig manure and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) straw composting. Mixtures of pig manure and wheat straw were combined with 6% phosphate fertilizer (PF), 15% apple waste (AW), 3% phosphate fertilizer + 7.5% apple waste (PA1), or 1.8% phosphate fertilizer + 10.5% apple waste (PA2) based on dry weight of the initial mixtures; a treatment with no additives served as a control (CK). The PF treatment took 3 d longer to reach thermophilic phase than the CK, PA1, and PA2 treatments. The treatments of PF and PA1 reduced NH3 and N2O emissions by 67 and 45%, respectively. Moreover, N loss in PF and PA1 treatments (31.8 and 30.1%, respectively) was significantly less than in the CK. A pot experiment showed that application of the compost with PA1 treatment could increase plant height and dried biomass of Chinese pakchoi (Brassica campestris L. ssp.). We recommend adding 3% phosphate fertilizer and 7.5% apple waste to pig manure during composting.

Core Ideas

Effect of phosphate fertilizer (PF) and apple waste (AW) on N conversion was studied.

Combination of 3% PF and 7.5% AW is more beneficial for composting.

Using 3% PF and 7.5% AW reduced NH3 and N2O by 67% and 40% during composting.

The compost of 3% PF and 7.5% AW improved plant height and dried biomass.
Using R‐Based Image Analysis to Quantify Rusts on Perennial Ryegrass
Authors: Heineck Garett C. , McNish Ian G. , Jungers Jacob M. , Gilbert Erin , Watkins Eric
Published: August 2019

Core Ideas

An automated open‐source analysis system was developed to rate crown and stem rust.

The system was validated against manual measurements and visual rater ability.

Consistency in rater (n = 9) ability was excellent for crown rust and fair to good for stem rust.

Agreement in rater scores for individual images was low and showed high levels of variation.

The automated system can replace visual rating of crown rust in the field but not stem rust.

Crown and stem rust are major diseases of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Plant breeders and pathologists often rate rust severity in the field using the modified Cobb scale, but this method is subjective and labor intensive. A novel, open‐source system using ImageJ and R was developed to quantify pustule number and area using digital images collected from spaced plants in the field. The computer‐processing pipeline included development of training data for prediction of pixel identity using random forest and noise reduction spatial processing. Raters and the computer scored rust severity on plant images of varying complexity including whole‐plant (WP), five‐leaf (FL), and single‐leaf (SL) image series. Computer accuracy was determined using the SL, while the FL series gave insight into the true value of WP severity. Rater ability was assessed using a panel of nine scientists with varying levels of disease rating experience. Results showed rater perceptions of crown rust severity were very consistent across images, but agreement on severity values for a given image were low. Rater consistency for stem rust severity was low and FL scores were not strongly correlated with WP scores (r = 0.36, P = 0.03), indicating low rater accuracy. The computer‐processing pipeline was able to accurately discriminate, count, and quantify crown and stem rust pustules on leaf samples. Correlations between computer and the median rater score for crown rust were excellent (r > 0.90, P < 0.001) for all image series. Similar to raters, there was a lack of correlation between WP and FL series (r = 0.20, not significant) indicating that this technique is limited to leaf or stem samples for stem rust and not applicable to WP. However, the computer‐processing pipeline shows promise in replacing visual rating of WP for crown rust.
The Positivist Demand and the Betrayed Tradition of Tacit Knowledge in an African Thought System
Authors: Ukpokolo Isaac Ehaleoye
Published: August 2019

Rad utvrđuje krizu afričkog stanja koje predstavlja izdaju tradicije skrivenog znanja u esanskom sustavu mišljenja, ostavljajući za sobom prijelome u epistemologiji esanaca. U pozadini situacije nalazi se pozitivistički zahtjev za verifikacijom i potvrđivanjem u potrazi za pouzdanom epistemologijom. Navigirajući trenutnim stanjem u esanskom sustavu mišljenja, rad otkriva da je tradicija skrivenog znanja izigrana
i odbačena zahtjevima moderne. S obzirom na to da epistemologija ljudi utječe na to kako se nose sa zbiljom, suočavaju s problemima i nailaze na prepreke, i s obzirom na to da afričko stanje počiva na prelomljenim epistemologijama (dočarano esanskim epistemičkim pozicijama), rad predstavlja sliku tradicije koja je pukla, a koja treba zalječenje i povratak svoje duše. Ta je tradicija sadržana u skrivenom znanju i implicitnim idealima. Samo se provedbom povratka može u prednji plan iznijeti pouzdan epistemološki program koji će ispravno tretirati stanje
Esana, a time i Afriku, otkrivajući bit zajedničkog dobra. Rad iznosi neke primjere izdane tradicije kako se izražava i pojavljuje aspektualno
u životima ljudi, poput zdravstvene skrbi i društvenih odnosa. Time eksplicitna postaje veza između epistemologije, ontologije, društvenog poretka i moralnosti.
Cultural Reconstruction of Iwa Ji Festival in Igbo-Ukwu, and Fractured Igbo Identity
Authors: Ukpokolo Francesca C. , Okoye Obiageli C. , Lawuyi Oluatunde B.
Published: August 2019

U mnogim su afričkim društvima domorodački festivali pred istrebljenjem,
što je rezultat modernizacija i utjecaja kršćanske religije na život ljudi. U jugoistočnoj Nigeriji, festival Iwa Ji, godišnji festival jama koji se slavi da bi se zahvalilo Vrhovnom biću i bogovima za osiguranje održanja, posljednjih desetljeća susreće se s napuštanjem. No istraživači su ustanovili kulturno značenje vezano za festival i njegov potencijal u očuvanju identiteta ljudi, kao i za promociju turizma, na temelju čega su predložili rekonstrukciju festivala da bi bio opće prihvaćen. Rekonstrukcija se provela. Rad proučava rekonstrukciju festivala kao fuziju domorodačkog Iwa Ji festivala i suvremenih praksi, argumentirajući da je rekonstruirani festival odraz razlomljenog identiteta Igbo naroda. Služeći se Turner¬Schechner modelom izvedbe kao socijalne drame za eksplanatorni model u studiji, autori argumentiraju da su advent moderne i kršćanska religija stvorile procjep u iskustvu kulture. Obnovljena pozornica predstavljena je u rekonstrukciji i prepakiravanju festivala za bolju prihvatljivost. Reintegracija se provela kako je festival postao bolje prihvaćen povodom rekonstrukcije te su sudionici iskusili transformaciju. Za proizvođenje podatak primijenjen je etnografski pristup. Podaci su se analizirali deskriptivno.
The Aporias of Kitsch
Authors: Radojičić Mirjana
Published: August 2019

U tekstu se polazi od stajališta da se neodredivošću umjetnosti kao svog
pojmovnog korelata hrani i neodredivost pojma kiča shvaćenog kao pseudoumjetnost. No time, uočava autorica, nisu reducirani teorijski napori estetičara i filozofa kulture da na ovom skliskom i nesigurnom »terenu« uspostave neke čvršće demarkacijske linije, neki pouzdaniji discrimen rerum između, makar na fenomenalnoj razini, vrlo bliskih kategorija. U ovom se radu to pokušava učiniti sagledavanjem kiča iz perspektive estetike recepcije, potom iz ugla sociologije umjetnosti i kulture i, najzad, iz aksiološkog rakursa.
Biological control of white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) in lettuce using Brazilian Trichoderma spp. strains
Authors: Silva Gerarda Beatriz Pinto da , Heckler Leise Inês , Durigon Miria , Santos Ricardo Feliciano dos , Lovato Maike , Finger Geísa , Blume Elena
Published: August 2019

Widely consumed by the Brazilian, lettuce has a cultivated area of 35,000 ha. Among the diseases that might infect this crop, white mold causes major concerns for producers. Mold is caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bar. It can lead to losses of up to 100% in lettuce. The objectives of this study were assessment of antagonistic effect of Trichoderma spp. isolates, grown and prepared on rice grain, on white mold of lettuce (S. sclerotiorum). The assay was conducted using 12 Trichoderma spp. isolates, four of which came from at least a year of storage at 4ºC, four from areas with a history of the disease and four from areas without a history of the disease. Both fungi were grown on wet rice grains and only Trichoderma strains was dried and ground to be used in the next assay. The experiment was completely randomized in a factorial 12x2 design (Trichoderma spp. × substrate inoculated or not with S. sclerotiorum) and control plants without any of the fungi. The percentage of survived plants was analyzed using AUDPC, number of leaves, stem diameter, length of root system, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, and total dry matter. The results showed that all Trichoderma spp. were capable of lettuce growth promotion in the presence and absence of S. sclerotiorum. The isolates that showed the best biocontrol of S. sclerotiorum were TC1.15 and WM-13. To promote growth, the best isolates were UFSMT15.1 and WM-13, suggesting that the latter presents desirable characteristics for biocontrol, including excellent feasibility for large-scale production, good antagonistic activity to S. sclerotiorum and the ability to stimulate growth promotion in lettuce.
Evaluation of vitamin C, nitrate and chlorophyll content determined in lettuce (Thaís, Vanda, Verônica) cultivated in hydroponic system using wastewater
Authors: Xavier Josilda de França , Azevedo Carlos Alberto Vieira de , Azevedo Márcia Rejane de Queiroz Almeida , Mendes Jacqueline da Silva , Fernandes Josely Dantas , Filho Antonio Fernandes Monteiro
Published: August 2019

The objective of this work was to determine the levels of vitamin C, nitrate and chlorophyll in three lettuce cultivars in a hydroponic system using waste- and well-water. The experiment was conducted in a hydroponic system using laminar flow technique and nutrients in a protected environment. The experimental design was randomized blocks with treatments set up in split-plots with three replications, whose main plots devoted to lettuce cultivars and sub-plots to hydroponic solutions. The experimental solutions consisted of 7 nutrients (S): S1=Furlani solution, S2=domestic wastewater, S3=optimized domestic wastewater, S4 =well water S5 =optimized well water; S6 = reactor wastewater solution and S7 =optimized reactor wastewater solution and the subplot for the three cultivars of iceberg lettuce (Verônica, Vanda, and Thais). The following variables were determined: nitrate, vitamin C and chlorophyll content using the method described by Lichtenthaler. The results indicated that highest content of vitamin C was found in the Vanda cultivar using the S1 solution. For Veronica cultivar, the highest levels of vitamin C were observed at solutions S1, S2, S3, S4, and S7. The solutions S2 and S3 did not differ from one another in all three cultivars. For the Vanda cultivar, solutions S1, S4 and S7 were the ones that promoted the highest levels of nitrate, 4.61; 3, 32 and 2.64 g kg-1, respectively. Evaluating the effect of the solution within the cultivars, we verified that the highest nitrate values obtained from S2 nutrition for cultivars Thais and Verônica. Regarding the S5 solution, the Verônica cultivar presented the highest concentration of this nutrient. The cultivate Thaís, the highest contents of chlorophyll b were found in solutions S7, S6, S4, S3 and S2, where they did not differ significantly. Regarding to Vanda cultivar the highest values of chlorophyll b were present in solutions S2 and S5. The Verônica cultivar independent of the solution used presented the same values of this pigment.
O ATIVISMO JUDICIAL NORTE-AMERICANO E BRASILEIRO: CARACTERÍSTICAS, PARALELO, SUSTENTABILIDADE E INFLUÊNCIA DAS DECISÕES ATIVISTAS ESTADUNIDENSES NO DIREITO PÁTRIO
Authors: Gomes Magno Federici , Cabral Ana Luiza Novais
Published: August 2019

O ativismo judicial é tema controverso. Tal assertiva se revela nos inúmeros casos emblemáticos atuais em que normas abertas dão azo á incongruências valorativas e decisões judiciais inovadoras que refletem os anseios sociais. Paradoxalmente, o ativismo judicial quebra o princípio constitucional da separação dos Poderes e, assim, o Poder Judiciário se legitima nas deliberações de políticas em contramão à inércia dos poderes políticos. Assim, utilizando uma metodologia teórico-jurídico com raciocínio dedutivo, através de análise doutrinária e jurisprudencial, serão observadas importantes decisões ativistas norte-americanas que influenciaram diretamente julgamentos brasileiros e como suas consequências favorecem na satisfação social e suas garantias básicas.
A SELETIVIDADE DO IMPOSTO SOBRE PRODUTOS INDUSTRIALIZADOS COMO INSTRUMENTO DE INTERVENÇÃO DO ESTADO NA ECONOMIA: ANÁLISE DO MERCADO DE CONSUMO DE VEÍCULOS E TABACO, NO PERÍODO DE 2010 A 2016
Authors: Falcão Maurin Almeida , Oliveira Luiz Fernando , Silva Acsa Reginaldo
Published: August 2019

Constitui objeto deste estudo a seletividade do Imposto sobre Produtos Industrializados, de competência federal e cuja a alteração da alíquota prescinde da participação do Congresso Nacional, sendo atribuição do chefe do Poder Executivo, o qual fixa o percentual de incidência nos limites da Lei. Esta peculiaridade na fixação da alíquota representa uma exceção ao princípio da legalidade que associada, à supressão ao princípio da anterioridade de exercício, compõem o caráter extrafiscal do IPI. Neste contexto, o imposto pode ser utilizado como mecanismo de intervenção do Estado na economia na medida em que, a elevação ou diminuição da alíquota pode inibir ou estimular determinados comportamentos do consumidor. Por conseguinte, torna-se importante ressaltar o princípio da seletividade, o qual considera a essencialidade dos produtos para a fixação de alíquotas. Em decorrência, restringe-se a presente análise aos mercados consumidores de veículos e de tabaco, do período de 2010 a 2016, onde serão apreciados os efeitos das medidas extrafiscais do Governo Federal nestes setores produtivos. Em face da relevância da política econômica adotada no país, é imprescindível a avaliação dos efeitos da intervenção direta do Estado na economia, sobretudo para os consumidores e respectivos seguimentos produtivos. A condução do presente trabalho se deu a partir de pesquisa exploratória com a utilização do método hipotético-dedutivo.
DESAFIOS DO EXERCÍCIO DA SOBERANIA NO CIBERESPAÇO
Authors: Mansur Daniele Barbosa , Rocha Bruno Anunciação
Published: August 2019

O ciberespaço, com o seu modo de funcionamento, aprofundou o descompasso, promovido anteriormente pela globalização, em relação à noção tradicional de soberania. Essa incompatibilidade dificulta o controle da esfera digital por meio de uma legislação própria. Diante deste cenário, observou-se a necessidade de transformação do exercício da soberania, para que ela se tornasse adequada ao modo como este novo ambiente funciona, motivando a sua reformulação por parte de alguns estudiosos como Ávila, Gatto, Franzese e Lessig. No entanto, mesmo reformulado, esses novos modelos de exercício de soberania ainda não são suficientes para permitir a regulação completa do ciberespaço. Dessa forma, é objetivo deste trabalho, a partir de análise e crítica do acervo bibliográfico levantado, mostrar o motivo da insuficiência dos novos modelos de exercício da soberania quando se considera o modo como o ciberespaço funciona. Ao final, sugere-se que a proposta de Lessig pode ser utilizada como paliativo para mitigar a insegurança jurídica no ciberespaço.
O ENSINO JURÍDICO E A CONSTRUÇÃO DO ESTADO BRASILEIRO PÓS INDEPENDÊNCIA: DAS ACADEMIAS AO PODER
Authors: Said Filho Fernando Fortes
Published: August 2019

Os primeiros cursos jurídicos no Brasil foram criados em 1827, com a instalação das faculdades de direito de São Paulo e Olinda (esta última transferida para Recife em 1854). Essas Academias desempenharam relevante papel no projeto de desenvolvimento do país no período pós independência, pois formaram inúmeros bacharéis que até hoje são lembrados por suas notáveis contribuições na história brasileira, apesar de poucos terem se destacado por sua atuação na área jurídica. Através de uma pesquisa realizada na historiografia, o presente artigo teve por objetivo analisar o que se ensinava nas tradicionais faculdades de direito do Brasil nas primeiras décadas da criação dos cursos superiores. Chegou-se à conclusão que os cursos direito, mais do que a produção do conhecimento jurídico, estavam voltados à formação de uma elite ideologicamente integrada de acordo com os interesses do modelo político-liberal que se pretendia estabelecer, servindo as Academias como centro de recrutamento de profissionais para a composição dos quadros da burocracia estatal, incluindo o Poder Judiciário. Em outros termos, era por meio das faculdades de São Paulo e Olinda/Recife que se forjava o bacharel responsável pela formatação da organização política e econômica então desejada pela elite dominante à época.
POTENSI DAN SELF SATISFACTION PEREMPUAN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI ISLAM KREATIF (Studi Kasus Pesisir Nelayan Desa Kragan Rembang Tahun 2018)
Authors: Muyassarah Muyassarah
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this research is to know the potential and self satisfaction womans in empowerment of creative economy with science and tecnologi and self satisfaction of Islamic economic perspective in fisherman of Kragan village. Rembang. Interview approach, documentation, observation and literature searching are use in order to collect data. Analyzing the researchers to be scientific then by reflective thinking by pacing between the method of deduction and induction. The results of this study is to know the various potensis  business that is very varied or creative by the womans of fishermen village Kragan Kab. Rembang. In addition to knowing self-satisfaction means the womans of fishermen in carrying out their creative economic activities in addition to beneficial for himself also useful for his family. Potential women fishermen need local government support to develop the creative potential of women fishermen, for example by using village funds budgeted by the central government. This potential can produce various kinds of creative processed fish such as crispy with various flavors, fish chips with various types of fish and crackers. Satisfaction experienced by the womans of fishermen is the sustenance and enjoyment given by Allah SWT who need to be grateful.

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Tujuan penulisan ini untuk mengetahui potensi perempuan dalam mengembangkan  pemberdayaan ekonomi kreatif   dan upaya pendekatannya sudah  bersifat modern ataukah masih manual atau tradisional. Pemberdayaan ekonomi dan self satisfaction yang dilihat dari kaca mata Islam di pesisir  nelayan desa Kragan kab. Rembang menghasilkan kemanfaatan atau kemaslahatan baik diri sendiri maupun maslahatan untuk masyarakat yang lebih luas. Metode penulisan ini menggunakan  cara wawancara, dokumentasi, observasi dan penelusuruan literatur kepustakaan digunakan dalam rangka untuk mengumpulkan data. Penganalisaan yang dilakukan peneliti agar ilmiah maka dengan kritis dan kreatif dilakukan mondar-mandir antara metode yang melalui kesimpulan yang logis dan dengan metode pengumpulan data kemudian dievaluasi untuk menyimpulkan. Penelitian ini mengetahui berbagai potensi bisnis bervariasi atau kreatif perempuan nelayan desa Kragan kab. Rembang. Self satisfaction nelayan dalam aktifitas ekonomi bermanfaat bagi dirinya juga bermanfaat bagi keluarganya. Potensi perempuan nelayan perlu dukungan pemerintah setempat guna mengembangkan  potensi kreatifitasnya perempuan nelayan, misalnya dengan pemanfaatan dana desa yang dianggarkan pemerintah pusat.   Kepuasan yang dialami perempuan-perempuan nelayan merupakan rezeki dan  kenikmatan yang diberikan Allah swt perlu disukuri  sebagai kwajiban perempuan untuk membantu suaminya  merupakan kwajiban istri  bukan merupakan beban.
PRODUÇÃO DE VERDADES NA ALIMENTAÇÃO
Authors: Dalla Rosa Carvalho Luna , Da Cruz Fabiana Thomé , Rozendo Cimone
Published: August 2019

A partir de uma análise dos pressupostos que guiam a criação das noções de qualidade e segurança dos alimentos no marco regulatório brasileiro, propomos fazer uma reflexão crítica, apontando como a normatividade relacionada à alimentação se constitui, a partir de quais conceitos e contextos e como ela consegue se estabelecer como “regime de verdade” que acaba por favorecer determinados grupos econômicos, marginalizando e criminalizando práticas sociais diferenciadas culturalmente no que tange a produção e o processamento de alimentos. A forma como se estabelecem as normas em relação à alimentação desde o século XIX no contexto de consolidação do saber médico-sanitarista refletem uma visão de qualidade estrita (pautando-se apenas por critérios higiênico-sanitários) em comparação com noções de qualidade mais amplas que agregam elementos vinculados às diferenças culturais da população e à conservação da biodiversidade. A ideia de uma “virada para qualidade” em que sujeitos-consumidores cada vez mais reflexivos vêm protagonizando processos de mudança no consumo alimentar vêm mostrando os limites do regime industrial de produção de alimentos e apontando para a possibilidade e necessidade de uma qualificação mais democrática dos alimentos.
A SOCIOLOGIA DA CULINÁRIA BRASILEIRA DE UMA PERSPECTIVA MATERIALISTA
Authors: Alberto Dória Carlos
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo procura mostrar que dentre os vários domínios da sociologia da alimentação, aquele que cuida da transformação material do alimento, a sociologia da culinária, precisa reconhecer que seus pressupostos são específicos, conferindo centralidade ao processo de produção e aos seus componentes – como ingredientes e técnicas – para poder contribuir ao entendimento holístico da alimentação.
O nomadismo como função estética nos contos de Lima Barreto
Authors: Humberlan Arruda de Oliveira Francisco , Aily Franco de Camargo Kátia
Published: August 2019

O estudo crítico sobre o conjunto da obra de Lima Barreto tem se posicionado, desde Francisco de Assis Barbosa, na década de 1950, passando por estudiosos como Sevcenko (1985), Resende (2004) e, mais recentemente, Schwarcz (2017), na perspectiva de escrita engajada socialmente, em especial com questões ideológica e racial. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a produção barretiana sob o viés nômade, o que explicaria a aproximação e a repulsa, em sua obra, a diversos nichos sociais – como o negro, o suburbano, a academia, etc.. Esses paradoxos não conseguem ser explicados pela crítica cultural, pois inserem autor e obra numa redoma ideológica em que os aspectos estéticos do texto não são observados. Nesse sentido, este artigo define e analisa recursos estéticos nos contos de Lima Barreto como primeiro passo de investigação, em seguida, procede-se à análise semântica e contextual e, por fim, à explicação do material em estudo à luz do nomadismo de Flusser (2007). É possível inferir que os elementos estéticos analisados aqui sugerem deslocamentos de valores e assunção de outros – esse gesto nômade cumpre uma função: a arte como elemento de comunhão entre os homens, pois ao se desprender de valores considerados eternos, como, por exemplo, identidade e classe social, eliminam-se também os preconceitos. Nesse sentido, sua escrita é fluida, não se fixando – cultural ou socialmente – em um ponto específico, transita entre estes, como um nômade que precisa cortar os laços com o sectarismo ideológico e manter a distância dos agrupamentos sociais para melhor observar seus paradoxos, pois o que está em jogo não é uma bandeira social, e sim uma defesa estética.
Fragment-Based Approaches for Allosteric Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor (mGluR) Modulators
Authors: Orgován Zoltán , Ferenczy György G. , Keserű György M.
Published: August 2019

Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR) are members of the class C G-Protein Coupled
Receptors (GPCR-s) and have eight subtypes. These receptors are responsible for a variety of functions
in the central and peripheral nervous systems and their modulation has therapeutic utility in neurological
and psychiatric disorders. It was previously established that selective orthosteric modulation of these
receptors is challenging, and this stimulated the search for allosteric modulators. Fragment-Based Drug
Discovery (FBDD) is a viable approach to find ligands binding at allosteric sites owing to their limited
size and interactions. However, it was also observed that the structure-activity relationship of allosteric
modulators is often sharp and inconsistent. This can be attributed to the characteristics of the allosteric
binding site of mGluRs that is a water channel where ligand binding is accompanied with induced fit
and interference with the water network, both playing a role in receptor activation. In this review, we
summarize fragment-based drug discovery programs on mGluR allosteric modulators and their contribution
identifying of new mGluR ligands with better activity and selectivity.
Targeting Small Molecule Tyrosine Kinases by Polyphenols: New Move Towards Anti-tumor Drug Discovery
Authors: Sakle Nikhil S. , More Shweta A. , Dhawale Sachin A. , Mokale Santosh N.
Published: August 2019

Background:

Cancer is a complex disease involving genetic and epigenetic alteration
that allows cells to escape normal homeostasis. Kinases play a crucial role in signaling pathways
that regulate cell functions. Deregulation of kinases leads to a variety of pathological changes, activating
cancer cell proliferation and metastases. The molecular mechanism of cancer is complex
and the dysregulation of tyrosine kinases like Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK), Bcr-Abl (Fusion
gene found in patient with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML), JAK (Janus Activated
Kinase), Src Family Kinases (SFKs), ALK (Anaplastic lymphoma Kinase), c-MET (Mesenchymal-
Epithelial Transition), EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor receptor), PDGFR (Platelet-Derived
Growth Factor Receptor), RET (Rearranged during Transfection) and VEGFR (Vascular Endothelial
Growth Factor Receptor) plays major role in the process of carcinogenesis. Recently, kinase
inhibitors have overcome many problems of traditional cancer chemotherapy as they effectively
separate out normal, non-cancer cells as well as rapidly multiplying cancer cells.

Methods:

Electronic databases were searched to explore the small molecule tyrosine kinases by
polyphenols with the help of docking study (Glide-7.6 program interfaced with Maestro-v11.3 of
Schrödinger 2017) to show the binding energies of polyphenols inhibitor with different tyrosine
kinases in order to differentiate between the targets.

Results:

From the literature survey, it was observed that the number of polyphenols derived from
natural sources alters the expression and signaling cascade of tyrosine kinase in various tumor
models. Therefore, the development of polyphenols as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor against targeted
proteins is regarded as an upcoming trend for chemoprevention.

Conclusion:

In this review, we have discussed the role of polyphenols as chemoreceptive which
will help in future for the development and discovery of novel semisynthetic anticancer agents
coupled with polyphenols.
Nosocomial Pneumonia: An Update on Early Diagnosis and Prevention
Authors: Kuzovlev Artem , Shabanov Aslan , Grechko Andrey
Published: August 2019

Nosocomial pneumonia and nosocomial tracheobronchitis present a significant problem of anesthesiology and critical care medicine. This review presents the results of our own research on the usefulness of new molecular biomarkers in the early diagnosis of nosocomial pneumonia, as well as modern principles for its prevention. A promising direction for the early diagnosis of nosocomial pneumonia and its complications is the study of new molecular biomarkers, in particular, Club cell protein and surfactant proteins. Effective prevention of nosocomial pneumonia should be based on a complex of modern evidence-based methods.