bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI GURU DAN SELF DIRECTED LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN FIKIH PADA SISWA KELAS VIII MTsN 17 JAKARTA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: Rasyid Abdul
Published: October 2020

The purposes of this research are: (1) To know the influence of teacher competence on learning  achievement of FIQH subject at the eight grade student of MTsN 17 Jakarta, (2) To know the influence of self directed learning on learning achievement of FIQH subject  at the eight grade student of MTsN 17 Jakarta, (3) To know the influence of teacher competence and self directed learning simultanously on learning achievement of FIQH subject at the eight grade student of MTsN 17 Jakarta

     The writer took sample of 127 the eight grade students of MTsN 17 Jakarta. The kinds of data were questionnaire and documentation. To analize  data the writer used product moment correlation analysis.

     The conclusions of this research are as follows: teacher competence influences on learning achievement of FIQH subject 17,4%, self directed learning influences on learning achievement of FIQH subject 15,5% , teacher competence and self directed learning simultanously on learning achievement of FIQH subject 36,4%.
PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER DISIPILIN SISWA DALAM BERIBADAH MELALUI PEMBIASAAN SHALAT DHUHA DI MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH AL-KHAIRIYAH PIPITAN
Authors: Cucu Malihah , Hidayatullah Rd , Luthfi Moh
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to find out how the character of students discipline in the dhuha shalat worship at the Madrsah Tsanawiyah Al-Khairiyah Pipitan and to find out the factors that cause student discipline character in the dhuha prayer service. The background of this research is that there are still some students who have not been disciplinary refraction is often carried out through dhuha prayer activities. The problem formulation of this study is, 1) how is the character of student discipline in the dhuha prayer service at the Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Khairiyah Pipitan. 2) to find out the factora that cause the formation of students’character discipline in worship. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitativ. Data collection techniques by observation, interviews, documentatopn. While the date analysis used includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The conclusion of the formation of students’ disciplinary character in worship through the habit of praying dhuha in the Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Khairiyah Pipitan is sufficiently disciplined. This is see when students’ are disciplined in performing dhuha prayers and carrying out all the arrangements in the dhuha prayer. The factors tht couse the formation of the character of student discipline are habituation that is done repeatedly, the environment and the teacher as role models.
MEMBANGUN PARADIGMA DUNIA MODERN DAN ISLAM TERHADAP ILMU PENGETAHUAN
Authors: Mulyani Nani , Anwar Aep Saepul
Published: October 2020

The development of science and technology at this time is one of the achievements of progress in this modern age can be said to be achieved but sometimes also has a harmful impact on the continuity of human life, depending on how humans take advantage of this knowledge so that science and technology can provide values ​​of value (value ), but on the contrary the improper use of technology will result in destruction so that it cannot provide benefits (disvalue). To dismiss all of this so that it does not affect the inappropriate use of religion (Islam) is deemed necessary as a guide in the use of knowledge and knowledge in the right direction. Through the revelation of the Prophet Muhammad SAW with a set of Al-Qur'an and Hadith invites seeking and obtaining knowledge with full wisdom, and places people who are knowledgeable at a high level. The meeting of Islam with the modern world views science as giving birth to various understandings and thoughts, because basically knowledge develops because humans have a curiosity in achieving the highest reality.
PENGARUH PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING DAN JOB EMBEDDEDNESS TERHADAP TURNOVER INTENTIONS
Authors: Fahmi Ananda  , Deasy Anggreini Pane
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh psychological well-being dan job embeddedness terhadap turnover intention. Skala yang digunakan adalah skala turnover intention, skala psychological well-being dan skala job embeddedness. Subjek penelitian yang digunakan adalah 229 karyawan rumah sakit X. Data yang telah dikumpul diolah dengan menggunakan metode analisis berganda. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa psychological well-being dan job embeddedness berpengaruh negatif terhadap turnover intention. Dari hasil penelitian ini diharapkan pihak manajemen dapat mengelola psychological well-being dan job embeddedness sehingga dapat meminimalisir turnover intention.
HUBUNGAN PERILAKU PROSOSIAL DAN RELIGIUSITAS DENGAN MORAL PADA REMAJA
Authors: Julia Aridhona
Published: October 2020

Penurunan moral merupakan isu yang paling penting untuk diperbincangkan, berbagai macam pengaruh yang dapat menurunkan perkembangan moral seseorang terlebih pada usia remaja yang merupakan masa yang terjadinya perubahan yang sangat pesat yang mudah terpengaruh oleh lingkungannya.. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan perilaku prososial dan religiusitas dengan moral pada remaja. Subjek penelitian adalah 100 siswa SMP. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket yang terdiri dari perilaku prososial, religiusitas, dan moral. Hasil analisis menunjukan hubungan positif antara perilaku prososial, religiusitas, dan moral yang artinya semakin tinggi perilaku prososial dan religousitas maka semakin bagus pula moral yang dimiliki remaja.
PENGARUH IKLIM ORGANISASI DAN KEADILAN ORGANISASI TERHADAP ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR
Authors: Siti Jamilah  , Emmy Mariatin  , Ferry Novliadi
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh iklim organisasi dan keadilan organisasi terhadap organizational citizenship behavior. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan alat ukur skala masing-masing variabel. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik analisis regresi linier berganda. Seluruh pegawai PT. X yang berjumlah 307 orang dijadikan subjek penelitian dengan data yang terkumpul sebanyak 246. Hasilnya ditemukan bahwa iklim organisasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap organizational citizenship behavior yaitu sebesar 42.1%. Keadilan organisasi juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap organizational citizenship behavior, yaitu sebesar 30.3%. Iklim organisasi dan keadilan organisasi secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap organizational citizenship behavior dengan yaitu sebesar 42.9%. Hasil analisis kategorisasi berdasarkan rerata empirik menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata pegawai PT. X memiliki tingkat organizational citizenship behavior yang tinggi, persepsi iklim organisasi yang positif, dan hampir keseluruhan memiliki persepsi keadilan organisasi yang tinggi.
GAMBARAN HOMESICKNESS PADA SISWA BARU DI LINGKUNGAN PESANTREN
Authors: Maya Yasmin  , Zulkarnain  , Debby Anggraini Daulay
Published: October 2020

Remaja yang meninggalkan rumah untuk menetap di lingkungan baru kemungkinan besar mengalami homesickness di tahun pertama perpindahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana gambaran homesickness pada siswa baru di lingkungan pesantren. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa-siswi baru pondok pesantren X sebanyak 546 orang. Adapun metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan menggunakan alat ukur yang mengacu pada teori dari Stroebe et al (2002). Analisa data yang digunakan berupa persentase distribusi frekuensi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa homesickness pada siswa-siswi baru sebayak 81.41% berada pada kategori sedang (81.41%), 13.71% berada pada kategori rendah dan 4.87% berada pada kategori tinggi.Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah pihak pesantren dapat menentukan intervensi yang tepat untuk mengurangi homesickness pada siswa-siswi di tahun pertama bersekolah.
FENOMENA PENGEMUDI TAKSI ONLINE (DITINJAU DARI TEORI JOB CHARACTERISTIC MODEL
Authors: Mukhaira El Akmal
Published: October 2020

Maraknya transportasi online di Indonesia akhir-akhir ini memberikan peluang kerja kepada masyarakat. Tingginya animo masyarakat untuk bekerja sebagai pengemudi taksi online, dapat dijelaskan dengan teori Job Characteristic Model yang dapat mengidentifikasi motivasi instrinsik yang dimiliki oleh para pengemudi tersebut. Dalam teori tersebut dijelaskan lima karakterististik utama suatu tugas, yaitu: a. Skill Variety b. Task Identity c. Task significance d. Autonomy e. Feedback.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA EFEKTIVITAS KEPEMIMPINAN DENGAN JOB INSECURITY
Authors: Khairani Rizky  , Ferry Novliadi
Published: October 2020

Efektivitas kepemimpinan merupakan salah satu faktor terpenting didalam pengembangan dan kemajuan suatu perusahaan,salah satu dampak yang dapat ditimbulkan ketika kepemimpinan kurang efektif didalam perusahaan maka akan menimbulkan kondisi yang tidak aman terhadap karyawan didalam menjalankan pekerjaanya atau disebut juga Job Insecurity. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara efektivitas kepemimpinan dengan job insecurity pada karyawan PT.X Subjek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan PT.X yang berjumlah 50 orang. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah skala job insecurity yang disusun berdasarkan aspek yang duikemukakan oleh  Ashford  dan skala efektivitas kepemimpinan di susun berdasarkan dimensi yang dikemukakan oleh Fiedler. Metode analisa data yang digunakan adalah personproduct moment . Hasil analisa data menunjukkan adanya hubunga yang negative antara efektivitas kepemimpinan dengan job insecuritypada karyawan PT.X -0,537.
Hubungan self-esteem dengan penyesuaian diri terhadap masa pensiun pada pensiunan Perwira Menengah TNI AD
Authors: Dinie Ratri Desiningrum
Published: October 2020

Masa pensiun akan dialami oleh setiap orang yang bekerja, termasuk para pensiunan Perwira Menengah Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Darat (Pamen TNI AD). Di masa pensiun para pensiunan harus melakukan penyesuaian diri terhadap perubahan-perubahan yang dialaminya, yang mencakup perubahan kondisi fisik, sosial, dan finansial. Penyesuaian diri seseorang dapat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi psikologisnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat penyesuaian diri para pensiunan Pamen TNI AD di dalam menjalani masa pensiun, ditinjau dari self-esteem-nya. Metode yang digunakan adalah korelasional, dan penjaringan data dilakukan melalui self-administered questionnaire. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara self-esteem para pensiunan Pamen TNI AD dengan kemampuan penyesuaian diri terhadap masa pensiunnya. Secara spesifik, ketiga aspek penyesuain diri (fungsi sosial, morale, dan kesehatan fisik) dapat diprediksikan oleh selfesteem.
GAMBARAN PERILAKU CYBERSEX PADA REMAJA PELAKU CYBERSEX DI KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Noni Novika Sari  , Ridhoi Meilona Purba
Published: October 2020

Di dalam penelitian ini, kami mengeksplorasi gambaran perilaku cybersex pada remaja di kota Medan. Partisipan di dalam penelitian ini merupakan individu yang mengaku pernah melakukan kegiatan cybersex. Mereka kami rekruit secara insidental di beberapa warung internet (warnet) yang berlokasi di sekitar areal persekolahan dan universitas di kota Medan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 67% remaja yang melakukan aktivitas cybersex melakukan aktivitas tersebut dalam rangka rekreasi (recreational users), 29% merupakan pengguna beresiko (at risk users), dan hanya 4% merupakan pengguna kompulsif (sexual compulsive users). Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa alasan utama para remaja pelaku cybersex melakukan aktivitas cybersex adalah: (1) kemudahan dalam mengakses atau memperoleh materi seksual, (2) keterjagaan privasi, (3) dan kebebasan dalam mengekspresikan fantasi seksual.
GAYA MANAJEMEN KONFLIK DAN KEPRIBADIAN
Authors: Rahma Safitri  , Omar K. Burhan  , Zulkarnain
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memeriksa peran dimensi kepribadian Big-Five dalam menentukan gaya manajemen konflik seseorang. Individu yang memiliki kepribadian openness yang tinggi menunjukkan kecenderungan untuk melakukan berbagai gaya manajemen konflik sekaligus (compromising, integrating, obliging, dan dominating). Individu yang memiliki derajat kepribadian conscientiousness yang tinggi berasosiasi dengan gaya manajemen konflik compromising. Individu dengan kepribadian extraversion yang tinggi cenderung menggunakan mengelola konflik dengan gaya integrating dan menghindari gaya avoiding. Derajat kepribadian agreeableness yang tinggi berasosiasi positif dengan gaya manajemen konflik compromising dan integrating. Terakhir, kepribadian neuroticism yang tinggi berasosiasi positif dengan gaya manajemen konflik avoiding. Diskusi kami fokuskan dengan membahas implementasi pengukuran kepribadian untuk memprediksikan gaya manajemen konflik dalam proses assessment dan perekrutan tenaga kerja.
CONTROL AND EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION ON A QUARTER-CAR TEST RIG
Authors: Abdullah Bahaa-Aldin R. , . Hamzah Mohsin N , Merza Ammar S.
Published: October 2020

In this paper a quarter-vehicle full-scale suspension test rig was designed and manufactured,the suspension is considered semi-active as the electrohydraulic (EH) damper used is fullycontrolled. This gives an indoor-based simulation tool which is important for vehicle testing;.This reduces the cost significantly with accurate results, especially when designing a newsuspension system. The aim of the current work was to build a new quarter-vehicle test rigwith expandable capabilities for diverse design objectives, also may be used for academicpurposes. The control objective was achieved by using dynamic characteristics of theelectrohydraulic (EH) damper to suppress the oscillation of the sprung mass due to roadirregularities. The test rig was constructed using a Genesis G80 (2016) suspension system.Finally, the simulation results demonstrated that the proposed controller used be able toefficiently regulate the chassis vertical oscillation under these irregularities. The experimentalresults for the quarter-car model showed good results between experimental and simulatedresults, where the proportion of conformity about 95%
F FRESH WATER GENERATION BY WIND ENERGE
Authors: Jiwad Foad Srhan , Abed Isam Mejbel , Taghadosi Mojtaba Behnam
Published: October 2020

The climate change and water scarcity are the most world environmental challenges.Producing fresh water from seawater needs a lot of energy that may be supported by fossilfuel power stations. However, a solution for the challenges is water desalination system thatis integrated to the renewable energy. Moreover, there is much energy conversion in thesesystems that reduce the overall system efficiency. This article introduces a novel DesalinationWind Turbine, and such that it is described and analyzed by nonlinear simulation. In thissystem, the wind energy transmitted to the water pump by a hydraulic transmission line. TheRO module is used for fresh water production. The long-term performance of the system,such as annual water production is calculated and the ability of the system to Maximum PowerPoint Tracking and the wind turbulence and wind sudden change is analyzed, which showsthe system overshoot is less than 6%.
G EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL STUDY OF FORCED CONVECTION AROUND A CYLINDER EMBEDDED IN POROUS MEDIA
Authors: Aamer Abeer , Abd-hameed Suhad
Published: October 2020

An experimental and theoretical study of air forced convection heat transfer at Reynoldsnumber (1091.5 to 1560) around a circular cylinder placed in an iron test section (0.2x0.2x0.4m3) filled with saturated porous material glass balls of 5mm in diameter. A copper circularcylinder heater of diameter 0.015m and length 0.2m is heated electrically; it is located indifferent positions in X and Y direction within the test section. The forced convection heattransfer is simulated using the ANSYS program (Fluent). The results showed that the surfacetemperature distribution of the cylinder has the same trends for the different locations withinthe test section. The average Nusselt number increases with Reynolds number and heat flux.Also, the results show that the use of porous material improves heat transfer by 67.4%. Themaximum percentage deviation between the experimental and theoretical results is 1.622%.Moreover, experimental correlations were introduced and comparison was performedbetween the present results with the previous studies and it gives a good agreement.
RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY VIA DESIRABILITY FUNCTION TECHNIQUES FOR OPTIMIZING CORRELATED RESPONSES OF ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY AND TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS OF SELECTED BOREHOLE WATER
Authors: YUSUFF KEHINDE MONSURU , Lawal M. , Audu A. T. , Wale-Orojo O. A.
Published: October 2020

The health benefits in the description and observation of quantitative contents of quality parameters present or contained in any water source cannot be underestimated as they determine selection of best choice from available water sources for different intended uses as well as resource consumption. It also helps to compare the observed quantity of the quality with the acceptable standards or limits to get desired results. Physical parameters like pH, temperature, electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) among others are determined by present of other chemical properties like Cations (Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+, etc), Anions (Cl-, NO3-, SO42+, etc), heavy metals and other dissolved materials during the course of its formation in different proportions and amounts. This study observed EC and TDS of 20 selected boreholes as two close and correlated water quality parameters as well as two of the major water quality parameters that account for overall quality of any water source, despite their different quantitative contents and physical features, they are likely determined by the same set of cations and anions with similar constraint equations. In contrast to linear programming, multiple criteria optimization models were fitted for EC and TDS using Response Surface Methodology via desirability techniques, optimal values obtained in this case measured against several criteria are found to lie between acceptable standards limits for drinking water, other numerical values and descriptive features in the final results reflect that the response equations obtained were well fitted.
GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND SERUM BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE IN YANKASA RAMS FED ALKALI-TREATED GROUNDNUT SHELLS
Authors: Millam Jacob , Bello S. S. , Abbaya H. Y. , John P. A.
Published: October 2020

The study was conducted to assess the chemical composition of alkali treated groundnut shells and their effects on growth and serum biochemical parameters in Yankasa rams. A total of 4 Yankasa rams where used to conduct the experiment in a 4×4 Latin square design. Four diets (14% crude protein) were formulated to contain untreated groundnut shell (UTGNS), urea treated groundnut shell (UGNS), lime treated groundnut shell (LGNS) and urea-lime treated groundnut shell (ULGNS). Growth and blood serum parameters were measured at the end of each period. Samples of the treated groundnut shell and the experimental diets were analysed for proximate analysis, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and lignin. The results of the chemical composition of treated groundnut shell showed that alkali chemical increased the protein, energy, and reduced the cell wall constituents of the untreated groundnut shell. Significant (P<0.05) effect were observed for daily weight gain, daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio and serum biochemical profile. Daily feed intake and daily weight gain were higher in UTGNS (183.50 g and 1110.90 g respectively); UGNS had the least feed conversion ratio (5.98). Total protein and glucose levels were above normal range of serum biochemical values for sheep while blood urea and creatinine were within normal range of values. The study revealed that dietary inclusion of treated groundnut shell did not show any negative effect on the growth performance and kidney function but indicated some signs of ailment on the activities of the liver and pancreas.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THREE PLANE GEOMETRIC GEOID SURFACES FOR ORTHOMETRIC HEIGHT MODELLING IN KAMPALA, UGANDA
Authors: Kyamulesire Bruno , Oluyori Paul Dare , Eteje Sylvester Okiemute
Published: October 2020

The conversion of theoretical, as well as geometric heights to practical heights requires the application of geoidal undulations from a geoid model. The various global geopotential models that are readily available for application in any part of the world do not best-fit regions, as well as countries. As a result, there is a need to determine the local geoid models of local areas, regions and countries. This study determines the local geoid model of Kampala in Uganda for orthometric heights computation by comparing three plane geometric geoid surfaces. A total of 19 points were used in the study. The least squares adjustment technique was applied to compute the models’ parameters. Microsoft Excel programs were developed for the application of the models in the study area. The Root Mean Square Index was applied to compute the accuracy of the models. The three geometric geoid models were compared using their accuracy to determine which of them is most suitable for application in the study area. The comparison results show that the three models can be applied in the study area with more reliability, with greater confidence in model 2.
ON OPTIMAL CONTROL AND COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS FOR TYPHOID FEVER MODEL
Authors: Okolo Patrick , Abu Onoja
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Typhoid fever is a disease of a major concern in the developing world because it adversely affects on health and finance of a large chunk of people in this part of the world. This paper is aim to develop an extend and improve the optimal control model of typhoid transmission dynamics that can select the best cost-effective strategy for some interventions. Thus, an optimal control model for typhoid, incorporating control functions representing measures of personal hygiene and sanitation, diagnosis and treatment, and vaccination, was formulated. The corresponding optimality system was characterized via the Pontryagin’s maximum principle. The optimality system was numerically simulated for all possible strategies using Runge-Kutta method of order four. For cost-effectiveness analysis, the method of incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was employed. The results show that the model is able to select the most cost-effective strategy for any given set of parameter values and initial conditions.

Key words:  Optimal control, Pontryagin’s maximum principle, cost-effectiveness
MILK-DERIVED BIOACTIVE PEPTIDES WITH ANTIOSTEOPOROTIC EFFECT: A MINI REVIEW
Authors: Mada Sanusi Bello , Abaya Philip Cefas , James Dorcas Bolanle , Abarshi Muawiya Musa , Tanko Muhammad Said
Published: October 2020

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a global health problem characterized by decreased in bone mineral density (BMD) and progressive deterioration of microarchitecture and subsequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture.  More than 200 million people suffer from osteoporosis worldwide  with about 8.9 million fractures and the prevalence rate of osteoporosis is expected to increase significantly in the future because of increased in life expectancy and aging population. Milk-derived bioactive peptides from cow, goat, sheep, buffalo, and camel exhibit several potential health promoting effect including antiosteoporosis, antihypertensive, antioxidative, antithrombotic, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Epidemiological and intervention studies have shown that milk and milk-derived peptides prevented bone loss in pre- and postmenopausal women. Moreover, quite a lot of studies have reported that milk-derived bioactive peptides can induce osteoblast cell proliferation, differentiation and also prevented bone loss in osteoporotic rats model. Thus, milk-derived peptides exhibits beneficial effect against bone-related diseases and can be of particular interest towards prevention and management of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Hence, the present review summarizes various studies using ISI, SCOPUS and PubMed indexed journals to elucidate the potential role of milk-derived bioactive peptides with in vitro and in vivo antiosteoporotic property
QUALITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL EVALUATION AND IN VITRO INHIBITION OF Mycobacterium tuberculosis USING METHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF Calotropis procera and Garcinia kola
Authors: ABUBAKAR AMINU , Aliyu B. S. , Abdulkadir S. , Umar R. B. , Maigari A. K.
Published: October 2020

Extracts of herbal plant samples which include leaves and seeds of Calotropis procera and Garcinia kola respectively were investigated for phytochemical content and tested against clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (in-vitro). 95% methanolic extract of the plant samples were obtained by percolation. The anti-mycobacterial activity was determined using disc diffusion method; Anova single factor was statistically used for the analysis. The crude methanol extract of Calotropis procera leaf and Garcinia kola seed reveal a final weight of 8.1g and 19.1g, tannins and flavonoids were the phytochemical compounds found to be present in all the plant samples. Rifampicin antibiotic was used as control and the antimycobacterial activity for the plant sample shows that C. procera has the highest zone of inhibition followed by G. kola, the minimum inhibitory concentration ranging from 500-2000ug/ml. The M.I.C of 95% methanol extract in the order mention above are 500-2000ug/ml and 1000-2000ug/ml. The result support the local use of these plants in the treatment of tuberculosis and it is suggested that these plants may have therapeutic value in the treatment of Tuberculosis. However, further investigations should be focused toward isolating chemical constituent that are responsible for pharmacological activities and identifying the compound eliciting the activities observed in the plant samples
PRODUCTION OF LACCASE BY FUNGI ISOLATED FROM SOIL VIA SUBMERGED FERMENTATION USING CORN COB AS SUBSTRATE
Authors: Nuhu A. , Hussaini Ibrahim , Gide S. , Anas G. , Madika A.
Published: October 2020

One of the limitations of large scale application of laccase (EC 1.10.3.2) is the inability to produce them in large quantity at an affordable cost. This study was carried out to screen indigenous fungi for their ability to produce laccase using the locally available substrate. Five soil samples were collected and diluted serially, 0.1 mL of the 10-5 and 10-6 dilutions were inoculated onto Potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates. The fungal isolates were identified based on their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. The isolates were then screened for laccase production by growing them on PDA containing tannic acid as an indicator compound. The laccase producing isolates were further screened for their ability to utilize corn cob as a substrate for laccase production. Ten fungal species were isolated and identified as Trichoderma viridae (3), Trichoderma harzianum (3), Aspergillus niger (2), Fusarium sp. (1) and Penicillium sp. (1). Only two of the isolates namely T. viridae and T. harzianum were found to be laccase producers. Both laccase producing fungal species were able to utilize corn cob as substrate for laccase production. T. viridae had higher enzyme activity (2.228 U/mL) than T. harzianum (2.1583 U/mL) after 9 days of incubation. Laccase producing fungi were isolated in this study and they were able to use corn cob as substrate for laccase production.
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE SYNTHESES OF CARBON NANOMATERIALS USING POLYETHYLENE AND RISK HUSK AS CARBON PRECURSOR
Authors: Kure Nicodemus , Daniel Isaac Hyuk , Machu B. U. , Bello I. A. , Ansnawi M.
Published: October 2020

The study compares the syntheses of carbon nanostructures (CNS) using polyethylene (PE) and Rice husk (RH) as carbon precursor via commercial microwave oven at 2.45 GHz. The Microwave energy offers the requisite temperature for catalytic disintegration of the carbon precursors at 750 °C under atmospheric pressure. The CNS were grown on coated silicon dioxide. The as-synthesized CNS was analysed with Raman spectroscopy which shows carbon quality was found to be 0.92 and 1.01 in PE and RH respectively, indicating good graphitic nature with average diameter at (16.0 to 20.0) ± 0.5 nm. The high intensity ratio is attributed to the defect mode in the CNS. The Field Emission Scanning Microscope (FESEM) analysis shows a warped and randomly oriented structures with an interlayer spacing of about 0.35 nm in the internal structure of most CNS. Furthermore, the level of purity in the graphitic nature of the CNS were obtained with Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) technique with 90 % in PE and 50 % in RH. Hence, a fast and cheaper method of synthesizing CNS utilizing microwave energy was demonstrated at 750 °C under atmospheric pressure. Lastly, the presence of catalyst, carbon precursors and plasma are necessary for the microwave heating and synthesis process.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ZSM-5 ZEOLITE USING ETHELINEDIAMMINE AS ORGANIC TEMPLATE: VIA HYDROTHERMAL PROCESS
Authors: ABUBAKAR ABDULLAHI  , Abubakar S.
Published: October 2020

Zeolite can be synthesized from different substances but because of the environmental issues researchers have currently drawn their attention to cost effective and eco-friendly materials that can be used in the synthesis of various zeolites. Kaolin is one of these materials because of their nonhazardous and easy handling property. The uniqueness properties of the material gives it wide range of applications in different fields such as gas separation, adsorption and catalysis.. ZSM-5 Zeolite was prepared by addition of (ethylenediamine) as organic template. This experiment was conducted at the optimum conditions at 160 0c for a period of 44hr. Zeolite synthesized from Kaolin is also a crystalline micro porous aluminosilicate solid consisting of pores and routes of a molecular size. The synthesized material was found to have high SiO2 content of 42.95% and the alumina content of 2.65% which gives the SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 16.2.In order to obtain a comprehensive picture of morphology of the synthesized material, spectroscopic analysis were performed sing X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) shows peaks at 2θ = 7-9° and 22- 25°, which correspond to the specific peaks of ZSM-5.  Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) which shows the absorption band near 450 cm-1 is due to the T-O bending vibrations of the SiO4 and AlO4 in tetrahedra. scanning electron microscope (SEM) in this zeolite was crystallized in spherical to cubical shape.
LEVEL OF AWARENESS, ACCESS AND USE OF LONG LASTING INSECTICIDAL NETS (LLINs) IN FIVE PUBLIC HEALTH CENTRES WITHIN KADUNA METROPOLIS
Authors: YAYOCK HOSEA , Osageide N. O. , Mande H. , Habib H. , Zamani I.
Published: October 2020

A cross sectional study designed to assess the difference in level of Awareness, Access and Use of Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) from consenting pregnant women aged between 15 to 40 years attending routine ante-natal clinic sessions at Kaduna State University (Barau Dikko) Teaching Hospital, General Hospital Kawo, Primary Health Care Badarawa, Primary Health Care Angwan Romi and General Hospital Sabon Tasha. A total of 360 questionnaires were distributed, but only 308 returned completed. Also, mosquito samples were collected in 30 randomly selected households of the consenting pregnant women that were within three kilometer radius range of the antenatal clinic for 12 weeks’ period. A one-way ANOVA was conducted using SPSS statistical package version 22. The result revealed that there was no significant difference (P> 0.05) in level of Awareness (92.53%), Access (75.32%) and Use (67.86%) of Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) among the pregnant women attending the various ante-natal hospitals/primary health care facilities. A total of 344 larvae samples were encountered and identified as Culex species 259(75.29%) and Aedes species 85(24.71%). Awareness, Access and Use of LLINs is relatively similar; while the mosquito species are vectors of Filariasis, Yellow fever, Dengue fever and can be prevented by the use of LLINs.

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Key word: Kaduna Metropolis, LLINs Awareness, Access and Use, Mosquito Preventive
EXAMINING THE PROCESS OF DECOMPOSITION AND CARBON CYCLING IN 'FADAMA' COASTAL WETLANDS: A CASE STUDY OF HEAPING WETLANDS ECOSYSTEM
Authors: Dasat Shwamyil George , Danjuma G. , Chundusu E. S.
Published: October 2020

Wetlands provide several ecosystem services including carbon capture and storage, water filtration, nutrient cycling, and support agriculture among others. The biogeochemical process and decomposition parameters in ‘Fadama' wetland soils comprising of Gada biyu, Pwomol and Kpang referred to as sites A, B, and C respectively all of Heipang District in Barkin Ladi, Plateau State was investigated using standard operating procedures (SOP). Results of investigations revealed that soils from Kpang had slightly higher water content (34.52%) than those from Pwomol (33.48%) and Gada biyu (32.03%). While soils from Gada biyu had the highest solid organic matter (SOM) (10.79%) followed by Pwomol (8.15%) as Kpang had the least (7.85%). Gada biyu soils had the lowest Phenol oxidases activity (1536.56 nmol dicq g-1 h-1) while those from Pwomol (5340.44 nmol dicq g-1 h-1) was highest. All sites had similar concentrations of soil phenolics (76.58 µg g-1, 79.98µg g-1, and 83.25µg g-1). The activity of hydrolyses (β-glucosidase) in Gada biyu soil (2.93 nmol g-1 min-1) was lower than those from Pwomol (6.13 nmol g-1 min-1). These parameters indicate the level of biogeochemical processes in the soil at each site. Gada biyu had the highest rate of CH4 (0.84 ug g-1h-1) flux. Decomposition of organic matter, carbon cycling and greenhouse gas storage in wetland soil, is due to the anoxic condition comprising of low oxygen availability, cool temperatures, anaerobic conditions, reduced microbial activity, and the quality of organic matter substrates in such soils.  Anthropogenic disturbances affecting wetlands must be discouraged to promote vital ecosystem services.
THE OCCURRENCE AND ANTIBIOGRAM OF Salmonella gallinarum ISOLATED FROM CLOACAL SWABS OF CHICKENS IN JOS SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, PLATEAU STATE
Authors: Dasat G. S. , Danjuma G. , Chuga A. P.
Published: October 2020

Fowl typhoid caused by Salmonella gallinarum are controlled by biosecurity and vaccination by the poultry industry, however, these bacteria are still present in the poultry environment and outbreaks are often reported worldwide. Salmonella enterica serotype Gallinarum (S. gallinarum) is the causative agent of fowl typhoid (FT) in chickens causing heavy economic losses to poultry industry through mortality, reduced egg production and culling of breeding stocks. This study was designed to investigate the prevalence rate of Salmonella gallinarum from chicken cloacal swabs and antibacterial susceptibility in Jos South Local Government Area, using standard bacteriological methods. A prevalence rate of 4 % was obtained out of the 100 samples. Serovar detected was Salmonella gallinarum4 (4 %). Analysis of antibacterial susceptibility shows all isolates were 100 % sensitive to Ciprofloxacin and Gentamycin and 100 % resistant to Oxytetracycline, Erythromycin and Ampicillin. Fifty percent sensitive to Ceftriaxone while 1 (25 %) of the isolates were sensitive to Streptomycin and Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid. Conclusively, this result indicates that Salmonella gallinarum can be isolated in cloacal swabs of asymptomatic broiler and layer chickens in the poultry farms. The use of drugs for prophylaxis and therapeutic purposes can be regulated and monitored to avoid transfer of resistant genes to human and other animals
LEARNING STYLE DETECTION USING K-MEANS CLUSTERING
Authors: Sani Ibrahim Mubaraka
Published: October 2020

Learning theorist established the fact that learners are characterized according to their distinct learning styles. Investigating learners' learning style is important in the educational system in order to provide adaptivity and improve learning experience. Past researches have proposed various approaches to detect learning styles. Among unsupervised learning methods, the K-means clustering has emerged as a widely used method to predict patterns in data because of its simplicity. This paper evaluates the performance of K-means clustering in automatically detecting learners’ learning style in an online learning environment. The experimental results prove differences in learning thus characterizing learners based on learning style.
ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATION IN THE STREET DUST IN SOME SELECTED LOCATIONS IN ZARIA METROPOLIS, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Nimyel Suleman H. , Namadi M. M.
Published: October 2020

The study investigate the level of heavy metal concentration in street dust in some selected locations in Zaria metropolis, by monitoring the concentration of Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni), Lead (Pb), and Copper (Cu) for eight weeks. Street dust samples were collected by placing polyethylene bags on randomly selected roof tops and road sides at 20 cm to 30 cm to form composite sample. Sample collected were pre-treated and digested using standard procedure. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) was used to determine the concentration of heavy metals. Results obtained showed that the concentration of Cr range from 16.670 ±2.20 μg/g to 31.895 ±1.845 μg/g, Cd concentration range from 0.280 ±0.042 μg/g to 1.900 ± 1.202 μg/g, Ni concentration range from 1.560 ±0.254 μg/g to 5.880 ±1.173 μg/g, Pb concentration range from 22.290 ±2.248 μg/g to 95.485 ±3.019 μg/g, Cu concentration range from 0.225 ±0.063 μg/g to 1.280 ±0.353 μg/g. The concentration of all heavy metals are below the limit set be World Health Organization (WHO) and therefore do not pose any health risk to humans. In sampled areas, the main sources of these heavy metals were anthropogenic activities such as open waste incineration, vehicle traffic, and ongoing construction at certain locations.
APPLICATION OF COX PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODEL IN TIME TO EVENT ANALYSIS OF HIV/AIDS PATIENTS
Authors: Apeagee Bemgba , Agada P. O. , Dzaar D. A. , Ede A. A.
Published: October 2020

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remains a public health crisis that has contributed to the majority of deaths recorded in the past decade, affecting Nigeria and other countries of the world as it has become drug resistance in some patients. This study was aimed at estimating the effects of covariates on the survival time for HIV/AIDS patients using the Cox PH model. The KM results indicated that 91 patients were males, out of which 31 experienced the event of interest, and 60 (68.9%) were censored, 209 were females, 65 died due to AIDS, and 144 were censored (68.9%) respectively. The results of the Cox PHM indicated that sex, age, and health of patients are positively associated with death due to AIDS with the associated negative length of survival for HIV/AIDS patients with HR (1.149, 1.235, 1.887, and 1.306) respectively. The study concluded that CD4 cell counts are the only variable or covariate that showed a lower risk of death due to AIDS. The results further stated that patients with high CD4 cell counts have lower risks of death due to AIDS but an increase in survival time considering other factors. The study, therefore recommends that survival analysis should be used to assess the various risk factors and the confounding effects associated with them stressing that a patient’s lifestyle should be improved to live healthy as they continue to age older.
EFFECTS OF LANDUSE AND LANDCOVER CHANGE ON FLOODING IN KANO METROPOLIS, KANO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Mukhtar I. , Iguisi E. O. , Shehu A. U. , Dabo Yusuf , Abubakar M. , Zubairu S. M. , Balarabe A.
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT

This paper looked at the change in land use land cover (LULC) of Kano metropolis from 2001 to 2012; projected to 2035 and thereby assessing the response of these different land covers to rainfall event using the Hydrologic Engineering Corps- Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC-HMS) model. The outcome of the LULC revealed that the built-up areas increased from 19.7% to 34.4% and then to 54.4% in 2001, 2012 and 2035, respectively. The discharge of Jakara basin indicated a rise from 2001, 2012 to 2035 in the order of 443, 585.2 to 609.7 cm3/sec respectively. However, that of Chalawa shows increase between 2001 and 2012 and a decrease in 2035 as a result of canalization within the basin. The paper recommended adherence to the city masterplan and construction of canals within each sub-drainage basin for proper conveyance of run-off discharge.
A DIAGONALLY IMPLICIT RUNGE-KUTTA-NYSTROM (RKN) METHOD FOR SOLVING SECOND ORDER ODES ON PARALLEL COMPUTERS
Authors: Imoni Sunday Obomeviekome
Published: October 2020

In this paper, diagonally implicit Runge-Kutta-Nystrom (RKN) method of high-order for the numerical solution of second order ordinary differential equations (ODE) possessing oscillatory solutions to be used on parallel computers is constructed. The method has the properties of minimized local truncation error coefficients as well as possessing non-empty interval of periodicity, thus suitable for oscillatory problems. The method was tested with standard test problems from the literature and numerical results compared with the analytical solution to show the advantage of the algorithm
LOGARITHMIC AND PERCENTAGE REDUCTIONS OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES IN GALATEA PARADOXA TREATED WITH CITRUS AURANTIFOLIA AND NACL: PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATION AND NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT
Authors: Okon Matthew , AKinjogunla Olajide , Akang Inyene Akan , Akaka Blessing Christopher , Umoh Menyene
Published: October 2020

Shell fishes constitute a vital source of food for humans due to its high nutritional values. Bacteriological and nutritional assessments of Galatea paradoxa treated with Citrus aurantifolia and NaCl were determined using bacteriological and analytical protocols. The results revealed a reduction from 4.845 to 2.301 Log CFU/g in Total  Heterotrophic  Bacterial Counts (THBC) in G. paradoxa treated with 10% NaCl for 5 mins. The G. paradoxa treated with 7.5 % NaCl for 5 min had a reduction in Total Coliform Counts (TCC) ranging from 3.903 to 2.398 Log CFU/g, while Total Faecal Coliform Counts (TFC) in G. paradoxa treated with 5 % and 10 % for 10 min reduced by 99.99 %. There was 53.46% THBC reduction in G. paradoxa treated with 10% C. aurantifolia for 5 min; THBC in G. paradoxa treated with 10% C. aurantifolia for 10 min reduced by 79.36 %; THBC in G. paradoxa treated with 10 % equal concentrations of NaCl and C. aurantifolia decreased by 99.99 % within 10 min, while TCC in G. paradoxa treated with 7.5 % equal concentrations of NaCl and C. aurantifolia within 10 min of exposure had 99.99 % decrease. The predominant survived bacterial genera in treated samples were Bacillus, Vibrio and Micrococcus. There was insignificant difference (p ≥ 0.05) between the nutritional compositions of treated and untreated samples. This study showed that G. paradoxa could be treated with C. aurantifolia and NaCl so as to avert possible foodborne diseases associated with consumption of this aquatic food.
DETERMINATION OF IMMEDIATE CAUSES OF 2017 FLOOD EVENT IN DADIN KOWA TOWN, GOMBE STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Bello Saheed A. , Mshelia E. D. , Ogoja Peter
Published: October 2020

The 2017 Dadin Kowa flood had a more devastating effect in Hore Gare and Tunga areas. The flood occurred as a result of high rainfall, obstruction, siltation and encroachment into flood-prone areas. Monthly maximum and annual rainfall analyses were carried out. The month of June, 2017 received the maximum monthly rainfall of a total of 344 mm which coincided with the month the flood occurred. The analysis of data indicated that flooding in Dadin Kowa town is rainfall-induced and the river channels are expected to be on higher risks of flooding when the channel obstruction capacity coincides with high rainfall intensity. The mean value of annual and maximum rainfall is 834.93 mm and 249.08 mm with standard deviation of 131.95 mm and 49.24 mm respectively at Dadin Kowa town. The recurrence interval of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 200 years of monthly maximum rainfall is 250.70 mm, 292.80 mm, 313.00 mm, 332.70 mm, 344.30 mm, 353.90 mm and 362.00 mm respectively. The frequency analysis of the return period of the maximum monthly rainfall of 344.00 mm is expected to occur in 50 years from 2018 with a magnitude of 344.30 mm. Also, the recurrence interval of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 200 years of annual maximum rainfall is 838.78 mm, 949.40 mm, 1003.60 mm, 1057.70 mm, 1090.30 mm, 1118.10 mm and 1142.10 mm respectively. The frequency analysis of the return period of the
PARASITIC EGGS, CYSTS AND LARVAE OF SOME FRUITS SOLD AROUND DUTSIN-MA METROPOLIS, KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Orpin J. B. , Mzungu I. , Usman-Sani H.
Published: October 2020

Several parasitic infections are associated with poor personal hygiene and environmental sanitation resulting in fruits containing eggs, cysts or larva of parasites. A survey of some fruits sold around Dutsin-ma metropolis in Katsina was carried out to identify the eggs, cyst and larva present on them. A total of 180 fruit pieces were examined using standard wet mount procedure and Kinyoun acid fast stain to detect presence of parasites. The percentage of fruits found with eggs, cysts or larvae of six parasites identified were eggs of hookworm (16.42%), Ascaris lumbricoides eggs (24.30%), Trichuris trichuira eggs (8.62%), Strongyloides stercoralis larvae (6.64%), immature cyst of Entamoeba histolytica (31.62%) and eggs of Taenia species (12.4%) respectively. Garden eggs had the highest percentage with parasites’ ova, cysts or larva (60.3%) followed by water melon (21.4%) and cucumber (12.12%), mangoes (10%), carrots (4.8%) and oranges (0%). The chi-square test showed significant (p<0.05) differences in number of fruits with parasitic infection. It is very important to encourage proper washing of fresh and raw fruits before they are sold or eaten which will thereby prevent transmission either at point of sell or consumption of fruits which infect via the oral route
EVALUATION OF IN-VITRO VASORELAXANT EFFECT (POTENTIAL ANTIHYPERTENSIVE) OF KIGELIA AFRICANA FRUIT METHANOL EXTRACT ON POTASSIUM CHLORIDE AND PHENYLEPHRINE INDUCED TENSION IN WISTAR RAT AORTA
Authors: Isah A. O. , Idu M. , Abdulrahman A. A. , Amaechina F.
Published: October 2020

This research on Kigelia africana was conducted in order to ascertain its ability to relax excited vascular smooth muscle in rat aorta. Preliminary investigation on whether the plant exhibits antihypertensive property was done before the evaluation of in vitro vasorelaxant effect. The vasorelaxant activity was determined using in vitro method on rat aorta with the aid of perfusion apparatus with a detachable organ bath. The administration of potassium chloride (KCl) raised the tension from 1.0 to 1.31 indicating that the aorta got to its peak of contraction. At 10 and 20mg/kg, the tension dropped significantly, showing relaxation of the smooth muscle while at 5mg/kg, drop in tension was insignificant at p˂0.05. However, at some of the doses, towards the end of experiment, there was steady resurge in tension showing that the aorta resumed contraction. On the application of phenylephrine (PE), the tension rose to 1.18g. On administration of the extract, the tension dropped slightly showing mild vascular smooth muscle relaxation. From the results obtained, there was seeming similarity in the action of the K. africana compared to amlodipine/Ramipril in KCl and PE induced tension in aorta respectively. However, at 10 and 20mg/kg, a substantial decrease in tension was noted indicating that the extract action is dose dependent. Thus, from this in-vitro smooth muscle relaxation study in rats, the methanol extract of K. africana has depressant property that was likely expressed by enhancing the closing of voltage operated calcium channel and ACE inhibiting activity in KCl and Phenylephrine induced tension respectively.