bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The economics of EU industrial R&I revealed
Authors: Annette Lucy
Published: September 2023

Since its introduction in 2004, the EU Industrial R&D Investment Scoreboard (the Scoreboard) has annually compared companies, sectors and geographical areas to provide details of the situation of EU firms in the global R&D setting. The 2022 edition follows the New European Innovation Agenda, which was released in July 2022, a few months before the Scoreboard. Five key foci for the Agenda, which is focused on `Deep Tech Innovations´, are: Funding scale-ups; enabling innovation through experimentation spaces and public procurement; accelerating and strengthening innovation in European Innovation ecosystems across the EU and addressing the innovation divide; fostering, attracting and retaining talents; and improving policy making tools. Essentially, the Agenda is seeking to advance innovation, while the Scoreboard measures it, enabling progress to be monitored. Details on 2,500 companies feature in the Scoreboard, 361 of which are headquartered in the EU, accounting for 17.6 per cent of the total R&D investment. In 2021, they invested an impressive €192.8 billion in R&D, overcoming the challenges presented by the pandemic. .`I am pleased to see the rebound of EU companies´ investment in research and development of 8.9 per cent after a drop last year of 2.2 per cent due to the COVID-19 pandemic,´ commented Mariya Gabriel, Commissioner for Innovation, Research, Culture, Education and Youth, in the Scoreboard's foreword. Four key sectors account for 77.8 per cent of total Scoreboard R&D: ICT producers, health industries, ICT services and automotive. EU Scoreboard companies were found to be the global leader in automotive R&D.
Enhancing silk screen printing through potassium dichromate: A path to quality and competitiveness in the printing industry
Authors: Gabion Jeremias G.
Published: September 2023

Silkscreen printing, a cornerstone of the printing industry, is often considered one of the oldest printing processes, though debate exists regarding whether block printing predates it. In the face of economic challenges, the printing industry must embrace technological advancements to ensure financial stability and foster quality production. Recognizing its potential economic impact, the need for technological enhancement in this field becomes evident. The quest for global competitiveness necessitates achieving production goals. This study explores the viability of utilizing potassium dichromate as a key agent in photographic silk screen printing. The evaluation of finished products involved twenty-five academic practitioners and twenty professional practitioners from diverse institutions and industries in Region VI, Western Visayas, Philippines. The assessment employed a five-point Likert scale, and statistical analysis relied on a t-test for independent sample means with a significance level of 0.5. The findings affirm the acceptability of potassium dichromate in photographic silk screen printing, with a highly satisfactory rating. Notably, it yields high-quality print legibility on t-shirts. To ensure optimal results, this study recommends the use of quality stencils by academic and professional practitioners, screen entrepreneurs, and enthusiasts engaged in silk screen printing. This research opens new avenues for growth and prosperity within the printing industry.
Heart Failure in Elderly People: From Pathophysiology to Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Martinelli Elisa , Di Stefano Angelo , Gareri Pietro , Sapone Pasqualina , Carlucci Rosaria , Brandino Massimo , Maina Ettore , Piscioneri Sara , Cagnoli Giada , Cotroneo Antonino Maria
Published: September 2023

As the older population increases, there is an increase in age-related chronic diseases, especially heart failure. It affects 25% of over 75-year-old outpatients and represents the leading cause of hospitalization and death in older people. This review aimed to point out the main characteristics concerning heart failure in older people, taking into account clinical symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. An extensive search on heart failure was made on PubMed and Google, using the keywords older people, heart failure, epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical symptoms, and pharmacological approach. Our results underline how heart failure in older patients is a complex and multifaceted reality that requires a multidimensional assessment to frame the patient correctly, resolve the acute episode, and set a targeted therapeutic, pharmacological, and non-pharmacological approach, without neglecting the psychogeriatric aspect. The latter must be aimed at reducing the relapse rate and preserving functional autonomy and quality of life, decreasing the rate of re-hospitalization and institutionalization, the length of hospitalization, and improving predictive outcomes.
Domestication and Foreignization in Translating Cultural Terms from English into Kurdish in George Orwell’s Animal Farm
Authors: Saleh Kazi Hassan , Mohammed Huner Abdullah
Published: September 2023

— Translation of culturally specific terms is considered a challenging activity. The current study explores the Kurdish translations of cultural terms found in the novel Animal farm written by George Orwell in 1945 and translated by three different translators. The study particularly attempts to identify the type of cultural terms according to Newmark’s (1988) taxonomy. In addition, the study uses Venuti's (1995) strategies of domestication and foreignization to identify the three translator’s choices, and uses Newmark's (1988) translation procedures to operationalize those two strategies. The results of the study reveal that all the five main categories of cultural terms were discovered including ecology, material culture (artefact), social culture (work and leisure), social organizations as well as gestures and habits. Material culture was the most frequent category of cultural terms found in the data. The translators employed various procedures, with cultural equivalent being the most common and deletion being the least. Furthermore, the translators' tendencies towards domestication and foreignization vary. Translator 1 demonstrates a greater inclination towards foreignization, while Translators 2 and 3 lean more towards domestication, with a notable similarity in their preferences. This study will be a contribution to the field of literary translation by offering insights concerning domestication and foreignization in translating CTs from English into Kurdish.
Supporting Clinical Competencies in Men’s Mental Health Using the Men in Mind Practitioner Training Program: User Experience Study
Authors: Seidler Zac E , Benakovic Ruben , Wilson Michael J , Fletcher Justine , Oliffe John L , Owen Jesse , Rice Simon M
Published: September 2023

Background

Engaging men in psychotherapy is essential in male suicide prevention efforts, yet to date, efforts to upskill mental health practitioners in delivering gender-sensitized therapy for men have been lacking. To address this, we developed Men in Mind, an e-learning training program designed to upskill mental health practitioners in engaging men in therapy.

Objective

This study involves an in-depth analysis of the user experience of the Men in Mind intervention, assessed as part of a randomized controlled trial of the efficacy of the intervention.

Methods

Following completion of the intervention, participants provided qualitative (n=392) and quantitative (n=395) user experience feedback, focused on successes and suggested improvements to the intervention and improvements to their confidence in delivering therapy with specific subpopulations of male clients. We also assessed practitioner learning goals (n=242) and explored the extent to which participants had achieved these goals at follow-up.

Results

Participants valued the inclusion of video demonstrations of skills in action alongside the range of evidence-based content dedicated to improving their insight into the engagement of men in therapy. Suggested improvements most commonly reflected the desire for more or more diverse content, alongside the necessary adaptations to improve the learning and user experience. Participants also commonly reported improved confidence in assisting men with difficulty articulating their emotions in therapy and suicidal men.

Conclusions

The evidence obtained from this study aids in plans to scale Men in Mind and informs the future development of practitioner training interventions in men’s mental health.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.1186/s40359-022-00875-9
Nasopharyngeal Cancer Incidence and Mortality in 185 Countries in 2020 and the Projected Burden in 2040: Population-Based Global Epidemiological Profiling
Authors: Zhang Yanting , Rumgay Harriet , Li Mengmeng , Cao Sumei , Chen Wanqing
Published: September 2023

Background

Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is one of the most common head and neck cancers.

Objective

This study describes the global epidemiological profiles of NPC incidence and mortality in 185 countries in 2020 and the projected burden in 2040.

Methods

The estimated numbers of NPC cases and deaths were retrieved from the GLOBOCAN 2020 data set. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) were calculated using the world standard. The future number of NPC cases and deaths by 2040 were estimated based on global demographic projections.

Results

Globally, approximately 133,354 cases and 80,008 deaths from NPC were estimated in 2020 corresponding to ASIRs and ASMRs of 1.5 and 0.9 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. The largest numbers of both global cases and deaths from NPC occurred in Eastern Asia (65,866/133,354, 49.39% and 36,453/80,008, 45.56%, respectively), in which China contributed most to this burden (62,444/133,354, 46.82% and 34,810/80,008, 43.50%, respectively). The ASIRs and ASMRs in men were approximately 3-fold higher than those in women. Incidence rates varied across world regions, with the highest ASIRs for both men and women detected in South-Eastern Asia (7.7 and 2.5 per 100,000 person-years, respectively) and Eastern Asia (3.9 and 1.5 per 100,000 person-years, respectively). The highest ASMRs for both men and women were found in South-Eastern Asia (5.4 and 1.5 per 100,000 person-years, respectively). By 2040, the annual number of cases and deaths will increase to 179,476 (46,122/133,354, a 34.58% increase from the year 2020) and 113,851 (33,843/80,008, a 42.29% increase), respectively.

Conclusions

Disparities in NPC incidence and mortality persist worldwide. Our study highlights the urgent need to develop and accelerate NPC control initiatives to tackle the NPC burden in certain regions and countries (eg, South-Eastern Asia, China).
Analisis Pengaruh Pengungkapan Inovasi Hijau terhadap Profitabilitas pada Perusahaan Nonkeuangan
Authors: Amalia Elsa
Published: September 2023

Tujuan – Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh pengungkapan inovasi hijau (produk hijau dan proses hijau) terhadap profitabilitas serta membuktikan apakah adanya peran pelaporan keberlanjutan perusahaan akan mengubah hasil hubungan pengungkapan inovasi hijau terhadap profitabilitas.Metode Penelitian – Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah laporan tahunan seluruh perusahaan nonkeuangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) dari 2017 hingga 2021 serta database OSIRIS sebagai sumber pengambilan data penelitian. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling dan didapatkan sampel sebanyak 1.619 perusahaan.Temuan – Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan inovasi hijau berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap profitabilitas. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa perusahaan melakukan inovasi produk hijau, inovasi tersebut akan meningkatkan profit yang didapatkan perusahaan, sedangkan inovasi proses hijau berpengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap profitabilitas. Hal ini terjadi karena dalam mengadopsi dan mengganti peralatan canggih untuk meningkatkan proses produksi yang ramah lingkungan perusahaan akan lebih banyak mengeluarkan biaya. Adanya laporan keberlanjutan tidak memengaruhi hubungan antara pengungkapan inovasi hijau yang dilakukan perusahaan dalam meningkatkan profitabilitas. Hal ini terjadi karena laporan keberlanjutan terkait dengan inovasi produk dan proses hijau tidak representatif dengan realisasinya.Orisinalitas – Penelitian ini menambahkan adanya peran pelaporan keberlanjutan pada pengaruh hubungan antara inovasi hijau terhadap profitabilitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel unbalanced untuk mendapatkan sampel yang dapat digeneralisasikan karena masih sedikit perusahaan yang melakukan pengungkapan laporan keberlanjutan lengkap dari tahun ke tahun. Kata Kunci: Inovasi Produk Hijau, Inovasi Proses Hijau, Pelaporan Keberlanjutan, Profitabilitas
Eksplorasi Peran Inspektorat dalam Pelaksanaan Fungsi Pengawasan terhadap Pengelolaan Dana Desa: Studi Kasus pada Inspektorat Daerah Kabupaten Gunungkidul
Authors: Rahmawati Lathifah Nur Aini , Suwardi Eko
Published: September 2023

>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi peran inspektorat daerah dalam pelaksanaan pengawasan keuangan khususnya berkaitan dengan pengelolaan dana desa, mengidentifikasi kendala yang dihadapi oleh inspektorat daerah secara keseluruhan dan mendalam serta upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Sampel dari penelitian ini merupakan auditor internal di Inspektorat Daerah Kabupaten Gunungkidul, serta staf dari dinas dan pemerintah desa di Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Berdasarkan teori peran organisasi, ditemukan bahwa Kepala daerah mengirimkan peran pengawasan kepada Inspektorat Daerah Kabupaten Gunungkidul sebagai pemegang peran. Inspektorat Daerah Kabupaten Gunungkidul telah melaksanakan peran pengawasan sesuai dengan peraturan dan pedoman yang berlaku. Inspektorat Daerah menghadapi konflik peran dan peran berlebih yang dilatarbelakangi oleh kendala internal menyebabkan peran pengawasan belum optimal. Inspektorat Daerah Kabupaten Gunungkidul juga menghadapi kendala dari eksternal dalam melaksanakan peran pengawasan terhadap pengelolaan dana desa. Peneliti menemukan beberapa upaya yang dilakukan oleh Inspektorat Daerah Kabupaten Gunungkidul untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut.
Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Ketahanan Bisnis pada UMKM DIY di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Rahmawati Desi Rindi , Nahartyo Ertambang
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji adanya pengaruh kemampuan inovasi terhadap ketahanan bisnis pada UMKM, menguji pengaruh teknologi terhadap ketahanan bisnis pada UMKM, menguji pengaruh kebijakan pemerintah terhadap ketahanan bisnis pada UMKM, menguji pengaruh sumber daya manusia terhadap ketahanan bisnis pada UMKM, menguji budaya organisasi memoderasi hubungan kemampuan inovasi terhadap ketahanan bisnis UMKM, menguji budaya organisasi memoderasi hubungan teknologi terhadap ketahanan bisnis UMKM, menguji budaya organisasi memoderasi hubungan kebijakan pemerintah terhadap ketahanan bisnis UMKM dan menguji budaya organisasi memoderasi hubungan SDM terhadap ketahanan bisnis UMKM. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 142 responden penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan survei kuesioner melalui google form dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berinovasi, teknologi, kebijakan pemerintah dan SDM berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap ketahanan UMKM di DIY dimasa pandemi Covid-19. Budaya organisasi merupakan variabel moderasi yang memperkuat hubungan kemampuan berinovasi, teknologi, kebijakan pemerintah dan SDM terhadap ketahanan UMKM. Penelitian ini berfokus untuk memperluas penelitian terdahulu terkait faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ketahanan UMKM pada konteks pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan memiliki objek yang lebih luas dan mendalam tidak hanya di SiBakulJogja.
Analisis Kebutuhan UMKM Indonesia Dengan Menggunakan Pendekatan Penalaran Hierarki Maslow Secara Organisasional
Authors: Pradana Novta Winkey , Sumiyana Sumiyana
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini telah mengurutkan kebutuhan UMKM dan menganalisisnya. Urutan kebutuhan UMKM setelah dianalisis secara urut adalah aksesibilitas modal, teknologi informasi, kualitas layanan, keunggulan kompetitif, dan inovasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan apakah kebutuhan-kebutuhan dalam UMKM mampu meningkatkan kinerja mereka dari perspektif baru, yakni menggunakan kerangka logika Maslow dengan valensi teori untuk konteks organisasi atas alasan seolah-olah UMKM itu adalah manusia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan survei secara online kepada para pelaku UMKM provinsi di Indonesia yang memenuhi kriteria modal usaha atau hasil penjualan tahunan sesuai PP Nomor 7 Tahun 2021. Responden yang terkumpul sejumlah 374. Analisis data dilakukan dengan regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemudahan akses modal, teknologi informasi, kualitas layanan, keunggulan kompetitif, dan inovasi, berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja UMKM.
Analysis of the Chinese Translation of Metaphorical Expressions from the Perspective of Translator Behavior Criticism — A Case Study of the Chinese Translation of Faith in a Seed by Guangjun He and Yiren Chen
Authors: Wu Huiqing , Bai Yangming
Published: September 2023

Faith in a Seed is known as “the pinnacle of Thoreau’s work” and its writing technique is influenced by literary tradition and rich rhetorical devices are employed. Based on Translator Behavior Criticism, using specific examples to describe and compare one typical rhetorical device such as metaphorical expressions in the Chinese translations of Faith in a Seed by Guangjun He and Yiren Chen, this paper explores the translators’ choices in the process of translation when facing different language environments. It is found that when dealing with two figures of speech, simile and metaphor, the He’s and Chen’s versions are very flexible in the choice of specific translation strategies, sometimes approaching the “truth-seeking” side, sometimes approaching the “utility-attaining” side; when it comes to metonymy, Chen’s version tends to be utility-attaining, while He’s version tends to be truth-seeking; When dealing with synecdoche, both the He’s and Chen’s versions tend to be truth-seeking.
La nueva expresión de la estratificación social del siglo XXI: brecha digital y discriminación tecnológica una paradoja de la sociedad de la información y del conocimiento
Authors: Solazzi Massimiliano
Published: September 2023

El objeto de estudio del presente artículo es la denominada Brecha Digital (BD) y la discriminación tecnológica, una nueva expresión de la estratificación social del siglo XXI. Un análisis empírico sobre el problema de las desigualdades en la Sociedad de la Información y del Conocimiento (SIC), así como, una revisión conceptual de las desigualdades sobre el acceso y uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) y su impacto en la exclusión social y tecnológica, en este sentido, la BD como paradoja y contradicción lógica en la sociedad tecnológica y del conocimiento. El objetivo es investigar la incidencia de la BD y su relación con la estratificación social en México, también como límite infranqueable para el ejercicio del Derecho de Acceso a la Información (DAI), siendo que, en la actualidad la información digital es considerada un insumo fundamental para mejorar la calidad de vida, impulsar la gestión social y la participación ciudadana.
El marco metodológico empleado para abordar, describir y estudiar el fenómeno en cuestión se fundamenta en un enfoque cuantitativo como resultado de mediciones numéricas. La técnica de investigación utilizada es la documental, centrada en información documental oficial, para cimentar aseveraciones, postura y argumentos, con una estrategia de comprensión y análisis haciendo uso de distintos tipos de fuentes documentales. Un abordaje conceptual que conlleva al estudio del fenómeno de la discriminación tecnológica, de igual forma que, su estricta relación con la estratificación social, analizando las causas de la BD, su limitante para el ejercicio del DAI, así como el grado actual de la desigualdad digital en México, en fin, se estudiará como enfrentar la BD desde las políticas públicas.
Modelo tridimensional para auditar la información archivística
Authors: Ramírez Aceves Merizanda María del Carmen
Published: September 2023

La preocupación legítima de los gobiernos actuales radica en controlar la información generada por las instituciones que los representan. Esta investigación propone una metodología para instrumentar auditorías archivísticas en esos espacios laborales donde la información fluye diariamente. Se concluye que al llevar a cabo esta labor se tendrá un mejor funcionamiento tanto de los sistemas institucionales como de la información que producen. Para asegurar lo anterior, se propone una metodología compuesta por tres elementos: a) Análisis de los flujos informacionales basados en la generación de la información archivística producto de las funciones institucionales, b) Revisión de la aplicación correcta de la gestión documental y, c) Estudio métrico que determine el uso e impacto de la información archivística. El método empleado se sustenta en un proceso analítico-reflexivo que será la antesala para futuros estudios.
Improving CAPTCHA Recognition for Enhanced Web Scraping
Authors: U N Srujan Mahesh , Mishra Sujata Priyambada
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Web scraping capabilities are greatly improved by CAPTCHA recognition, which enables automated systems to get past security barriers and access valuable data. This journal presents a comprehensive study and analysis of techniques aimed at improving split CAPTCHA recognition for effective web scraping. The research investigates two approaches, including optical character recognition, and image processing techniques, to tackle the challenges posed by increasingly complex CAPTCHAs.
The Study of 2D:4D Ratio and Facial Asymmetry Using Eye-Mouth-Eye Angle among the Student of College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Federal University Dutse
Authors: Umar Mikail Isyaku , Ishaq Abba , Atiku Ibrahim Ahmad , El-Yakub Ni'imah Rabiu , Abubakar Musa , Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi
Published: September 2023

Deviations of physical characteristics from bilateral symmetry, in otherwise symmetric individuals, are supposed to result from environmental perturbations during development. One cause of such perturbations may be sex steroids such as testosterone and oestrogen. The study examined the relationship between second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D), a putative negative correlate with prenatal testosterone and a positive correlate with prenatal estrogen, and asymmetry. The hand of the participants was place on a flat surface with the palm facing upward fore arm in line with the middle finger. Finger should be extended maximally and dose to each other measurement technique was followed for measuring 2D:4D digit length which can be define as a distance between the proximal flexion crease of the digit length was measured in centimeters. Table 1 shows descriptive analysis of 2D and 4D right and left distance. The minimum and maximum ages are 18 and 35 years respectively. The mean of 2D:4D right length was 0.98 ± 0.015 and the mean of 2D:4D left length 0.97 ± 0.022 this shows there is higher mean value in right 2D:4D length. Our data show that both low 2D:4D (a marker of high prenatal testosterone) and high 2D:4D (a marker of high prenatal estrogen) are associated with elevated levels of asymmetry and this relationship applies particularly to finger asymmetry. Keywords: 2D:4D ratio, facial asymmetry, eye-mouth-eye angle, students
Trends in development of agricultural aerial photography technology
Authors: Tsench Yu. S. , Zakharova N. I.
Published: September 2023

Aerial photography is becoming an integral part of remote sensing in digital agriculture. The ﬁrst aerial photographs were taken in the mid-19th century. (Research purpose) The paper aims to retrospectively analyze the evolution of aerial photography equipment for capturing agricultural lands, beginning with the creation of the ﬁrst aerial photograph up to the present day. (Materials and methods) A historical-analytical approach was employed to examine the existing literature. Within this study, the development of agricultural aerial photography equipment was categorized into four distinct time periods: 1885-1908, 1909-1945, 1946-1979, and from 1980 to the present day. (Results and discussion) In the initial phase of experimental aerial photographic equipment development, signiﬁcant advancements were achieved, encompassing the emergence of the ﬁrst photograph, the creation of portable cameras and their adaptation for use with hot air balloons and kites, rockets, and birds. Technological growth in the ﬁrst half of the 20th century contributed to elevating aerial photography to a versatile tool applied for a wide range of intelligence operations, including agricultural tasks. The evolution of space technologies in the second half of the 20th century resulted in the rapid development of both aerial photography equipment and their carriers. This progress facilitated the use of color aerial photography for the examination of the Earth's surface. The advancements of digital technologies at the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century facilitated the use of high-resolution digital aerial cameras mounted on various carrier platforms, ranging from unmanned aircraft to artiﬁcial Earth satellites. (Conclusions) A retrospective analysis reveals that the development and creation of equipment for aerial photography of agricultural lands unfolded in a sporadic fashion. This progression was closely intertwined with global political, social, and economic situation, as well as the state of technological advancement in related areas. Over the coming decade, the sustained application of aerial photography in agriculture is poised to enhance the eﬃciency of unmanned aircraft, reduce the production costs associated with aerial photography, and facilitate the widespread adoption of digital remote sensing technology within the agricultural sector.
Implikasi Pelaporan Kinerja Guru PAI terhadap Profesionalitas Pembelajaran pada Sekolah Dasar di Aceh Besar
Authors: Rosmawar Rosmawar
Published: September 2023

The teacher's performance will describe his ability to carry out the task, to achieve the goals that have been set. The success rate of teacher performance in addition to showing the teacher's mastery of his competence is also influenced by several factors, both originating from his personality characteristics and environmental factors, such as teacher work discipline. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of reporting on the performance of PAI teachers and the responses of PAI teachers at elementary schools in Aceh Besar. This research was conducted by using a field study using a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews, observation and documentation. The results showed that the contents of reporting on the performance of PAI teachers at elementary schools in Aceh Besar included lesson plans designed at the beginning of the semester, the implementation of face-to-face learning in the classroom, assessing learning outcomes as a benchmark for students' ability to understand learning, guide and train students whether it is done during the teaching and learning process, or through remedial and enrichment, and learning methods used to facilitate teachers in the teaching and learning process in the classroom. The response (response) of PAI teachers at elementary schools in Aceh Besar to the content of their reports is based on the abilities or competencies possessed by a teacher, as well as support from the principal for the content of their performance reports, as well as an attitude of accepting what results have been realized in the reporting content in school. The implication of the content of performance reporting on the professionalism of PAI teacher learning at SD in Aceh Besar is that a professional PAI teacher must have mastery of the material to be explained to students in class, master competency standards and basic competencies to make it easier for teachers to map the learning provided, develop learning materials which is taught effectively by combining with the surrounding environment, utilizing technological tools as competitiveness in the digital era, and using interesting media to make it easier for students to understand learning.
AmpC β-Lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae - A Mini Review
Authors: D Bindu , Saikumar Chitralekha
Published: September 2023

Beta-lactamases are enzymes that confer resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria produces these enzymes. There are about 3000 enzymes that initially emerged from bacteria found in the environment to protect themselves from the natural β-lactam. After the 1980s, many transmissible enzymes were detected periodically, resistant to cephalosporins, monobactam, and carbapenems. These enzymes were classified based on function and molecular structure. Among them AmpC β-lactamases were found to be resistant to β-lactams and β-lactamases inhibitors. They are class C cephalosporinases that confer resistance to the first, second, third generation cephalosporins and cephamycin, and also resistance to beta-lactamases inhibitors such as sulbactam, tazobactam, and clavulanic acid. Family Enterobacteriaceae comprises many organisms that cause community and nosocomial infections, such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter spp, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Salmonella species. Beta-lactamases are produced by Enterobacteriaceae, where AmpC beta-lactamases are found to be one of the mechanisms. Different types of AmpC beta-lactamases: mutation/attenuation in the chromosome, induced plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases. Some Enterobacteriaceae, like Enterobacter, carry it on their chromosome, and some other Enterobacteriaceae has plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases. This type of resistance has led to increased mortality and morbidity. It is challenging to detect these AmpC beta-lactamases in diagnostic settings. Still, the detection of AmpC β- lactamases is cumbersome, and no approved methods are found in CLSI guidelines. But the prevalence of AmpC beta-lactamases has increased drastically in Asia. The review aims to give an overview of AmpC β-lactamases. The objective of this review is to review the evolution, types, detection methods, recent world epidemiology, treatment options, and current updates of the AmpC beta-lactamases.
Retrospective observational study of penicillin cross-sensitivity in patients with confirmed perioperative allergic hypersensitivity reactions to cefazolin.
Authors: Pedersen Karen , Schalkwyk Johan van , Brewerton Maia , Jordan Anthony , Cooke Peter
Published: September 2023

Concern about possible cross sensitivity between cefazolin and
penicillin leads to restrictions on the use of penicillin in patients
with cefazolin hypersensitivity reactions and no history of penicillin
allergy. Our study aims to document the prevalence of penicillin cross
sensitivity in this patient cohort. Sixty-eight adult patients who were
seen at our clinic with confirmed cefazolin hypersensitivity reactions
during the ten-year study period (2009–2018) were investigated for
allergy to penicillin. Demonstration of penicillin tolerance was by a
combination of penicillin skin testing, penicillin drug provocation
testing (DPT) and community exposure to penicillin. There were no
positive penicillin DPTs or reported reactions to penicillins in the
community in our cohort. There were six false positive penicillin skin
test results. Four patients were lost to follow up. We conclude that
allergy to penicillin is uncommon in patients with confirmed
hypersensitivity to cefazolin. Penicillin skin testing in this cohort of
patients is time consuming, costly, and unreliable with a significant
rate of false positives which may lead to patients being inappropriately
labelled as penicillin allergic.
Volume-Based Procurement and “Sales with Gold”
Authors: Gao Huiwen , Ni Xinbo
Published: September 2023

“Sales with gold”, also known as various rebates in the field of drug
purchase and sales, has long been a popular marketing model in the field
of drug purchase and sales in China, which has violated the original
intention of establishing a pharmaceutical representative. Therefore,
China has also implemented a series of policies to address this
phenomenon, including the policy of Volume-based procurement. This
article studies whether the currently implemented Volume-based
procurement policy can suppress the “sales with gold” behavior of
pharmaceutical companies. Using a total of 13 quarterly data periods
starting from the first quarter of 2018, the study found that the
implementation of the “4+7 pilot plan” has not yet shown any
inhibitory effect on the marketing activities of pharmaceutical
enterprises; After the implementation of the “Alliance Expansion
Policy”, the marketing intensity of pharmaceutical enterprises was
significantly suppressed, and the results also passed parallel trend
tests, placebo tests, and PSM-DID tests. Further research has found that
the stronger the correlation between pharmaceutical companies and the
implementation of Volume-based procurement policy in purchasing drugs,
the more significant the degree of inhibition of their marketing
investment; The marketing intensity of bid winning enterprises, generic
drug enterprises, Western medicine enterprises, and non-innovative drug
production enterprises has decreased relatively more. In addition, the
nature of equity also affects the degree of adjustment in corporate
marketing activities, with non-state-owned pharmaceutical enterprises
experiencing a more significant decrease in marketing intensity compared
to state-owned pharmaceutical enterprises. All evidence indicates that
the Volume-based procurement policy being implemented in China has
effectively suppressed the “Sales with gold” behavior of
pharmaceutical companies, contributing unique empirical evidence from
China to this field. This discovery also provides effective experience
for other countries with similar problems.
Potential effects of Resatorvid and Alpha Lipoic Acid on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats
Authors: HATİPOĞLU Durmuş , DiK Burak , ATEŞ Mehmet Burak
Published: September 2023

Gentamicin (GM) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic with a rapid
bactericidal effect in the treatment of many infections. However, its
use in high concentrations for more than 7 days causes nephrotoxic side
effects. It was aimed to determine the biochemical and molecular
activities of resatorvid and alpha lipoic acid (ALA) on GM induced
nephrotoxicity in rats. In the study, 34 Wistar albino rats were
randomly distributed; Healthy control (n:6), Gentamicin (80 mg/kg, n:7),
Gentamicin+Sham (%10 hydroalcoholic solution, n:7),
Gentamicin+resatorvid (5 mg/kg, n:7), Gentamicin+ALA (100 mg/kg, n:7).
Urinary IL-18, KIM-1 and NGAL levels were statistically decreased by
resatorvid treatment, and KIM-1 levels were statistically decreased by
ALA treatment compared to the gentamicin group. In addition, urine
creatinine was partially decreased by resatorvid and ALA. NRF-2, CAS-3
and NR4A2 expressions were statistically decreased by resatorvid and ALA
treatment. Nevertheless, NF-κB was statistically decreased only with
resatorvid. The nephrotoxicity that limits the use of gentamicin in
infections can reduce by resatorvid in the future. Therefore, it can be
used for a longer and more effective in infections.
The Mexican hat wavelet Stieltjes transform
Authors: Singh Abhishek , Rawat Aparna
Published: September 2023

In the present article, we define the Mexican hat wavelet Stieltjes transform
(MHWST) by applying the concept of Mexican hat wavelet transform [9]. The
proposed transform serves as a centralized method to analyze both discrete
and continuous time-frequency localization. Besides the formulation of all
the fundamental results, a reconstruction formula is also obtained for
MHWST. Further, a unified approach is applied to obtain the necessary and
sufficient conditions for the same. Moreover, simplified construction for
the jump operator is also presented for the Mexican hat wavelet Stieltjes
transform.
On the set of (b,c)-invertible elements
Authors: Shi Guiqi , Chen Jianlong
Published: September 2023

Let b and c be two elements in a semigroup S. This paper is devoted to
studying the structures of S||(b,c) and H(b,c) in a semigroup S, where
S||(b,c) stands for the set of all (b, c)-invertible elements and H(b,c) =
{y ? S | bS1 = yS1, S1y = S1c}. Denote the (b, c)-inverse of a ? S||(b,c) by
a||(b,c). If S||(b,c) , ?, then H(b,c) = {a||(b,c)| a ? S||(b,c)}. We first
find some new equivalent conditions for H(b,c) to be a group and analyze its
structure from the viewpoint of generalized inverses. Then a necessary and
sufficient condition under which S||(b,c) is a subsemigroup of S with the
reverse order law holding for (b, c)-inverses is presented. At last, given
a, b, c, d, x, y, z ? S and y ? S||(b,c), we prove that any two of the
conditions x ? S||(a,c), z ? S||(b,d) and zy||(b,c)x ? S||(a,d) imply the
rest one.
Analytical method for solving a time-conformable fractional telegraph equation
Authors: Abdelkebir Saad , Nouiri Brahim
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we present an analytical method to solve a time-conformable
fractional telegraph equation with three boundary conditions namely,
Dirichlet, Neumann and Robin. This method based on Fourier method and
conformable fractional calculus properties. We give three examples to
validate this method.
A new 2-norm generated by bounded linear functionals on a normed space
Authors: Konca Şükran , Idris Mochammad
Published: September 2023

In this work, we introduce a new 2-norm generated by bounded linear
functionals on a normed space X with dimension dim(X) ? 2, and investigate
its relationship with the G?hler?s 2-norm [Lineare 2-normierte R?ume,
Math. Nachr.]. We also derive a norm on X to explore its relation with the
usual norm on X.
Effect of Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy on Glucose Regulation in Women With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Speksnijder Esther M. , ten Noever de Brauw Gaby V. , Malekzadeh Arjan , Bisschop Peter H. , Stenvers Dirk Jan , Siegelaar Sarah E.
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Blood glucose regulation in women with diabetes may change during and after menopause, which could be attributed, in part, to decreased estrogen levels.

PURPOSE

To determine the effect of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) on HbA1c, fasting glucose, postprandial glucose, and use of glucose-lowering drugs in women with type 1 and women with type 2 diabetes.

DATA SOURCES

We conducted a systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and the ClinicalTrials.gov registry to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

STUDY SELECTION

We selected RCTs on the effect of HT containing estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women (≥12 months since final menstrual period) with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

DATA EXTRACTION

Data were extracted for the following outcomes: HbA1c, fasting glucose, postprandial glucose, and use of glucose-lowering medication.

DATA SYNTHESIS

Nineteen RCTs were included (12 parallel-group trials and 7 crossover trials), with a total of 1,412 participants, of whom 4.0% had type 1 diabetes. HT reduced HbA1c (mean difference −0.56% [95% CI −0.80, −0.31], −6.08 mmol/mol [95% CI −8.80, −3.36]) and fasting glucose (mean difference −1.15 mmol/L [95% CI −1.78, −0.51]).

LIMITATIONS

Of included studies, 50% were at high risk of bias.

CONCLUSIONS

When postmenopausal HT is considered for menopausal symptoms in women with type 2 diabetes, HT is expected to have a neutral-to-beneficial impact on glucose regulation. Evidence for the effect of postmenopausal HT in women with type 1 diabetes was limited.
Safety and Efficacy of Sustained Automated Insulin Delivery Compared With Sensor and Pump Therapy in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes at High Risk for Hypoglycemia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Renard Eric , Joubert Michael , Villard Orianne , Dreves Bleuenn , Reznik Yves , Farret Anne , Place Jerome , Breton Marc D. , Kovatchev Boris P. ,   iDCL Trial Research Group
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVE

Assess the safety and efficacy of automated insulin delivery (AID) in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) at high risk for hypoglycemia.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Participants were 72 adults with T1D who used an insulin pump with Clarke Hypoglycemia Perception Awareness scale score >3 and/or had severe hypoglycemia during the previous 6 months confirmed by time below range (TBR; defined as sensor glucose [SG] reading <70 mg/dL) of at least 5% during 2 weeks of blinded continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Parallel-arm, randomized trial (2:1) of AID (Tandem t:slim ×2 with Control-IQ technology) versus CGM and pump therapy for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was TBR change from baseline. Secondary outcomes included time in target range (TIR; 70–180 mg/dL), time above range (TAR), mean SG reading, and time with glucose level <54 mg/dL. An optional 12-week extension with AID was offered to all participants.

RESULTS

Compared with the sensor and pump (S&P), AID resulted in significant reduction of TBR by −3.7% (95% CI −4.8, −2.6), P < 0.001; an 8.6% increase in TIR (95% CI 5.2, 12.1), P < 0.001; and a −5.3% decrease in TAR (95% CI −87.7, −1.8), P = 0.004. Mean SG reading remained similar in the AID and S&P groups. During the 12-week extension, the effects of AID were sustained in the AID group and reproduced in the S&P group. Two severe hypoglycemic episodes occurred using AID.

CONCLUSIONS

In adults with T1D at high risk for hypoglycemia, AID reduced the risk for hypoglycemia more than twofold, as quantified by TBR, while improving TIR and reducing hyperglycemia. Hence, AID is strongly recommended for this specific population.
Approach toward the application of mobile robots in laser materials processing
Authors: Kaster Thomas , Rissom Jan-Hendrik , Gorissen Leon , Walderich Philipp , Schneider Jan-Niklas , Hinke Christian
Published: September 2023

Laser-based production systems have become more and more popular in recent years due to their potential to achieve high precision and accuracy in a wide range of different applications. However, the kinematic systems used for laser materials processing (LMP) are often inherited from other production technologies such as milling. The use of mobile robots (MRs) equipped with laser processing optics could disprove the current paradigm of adapted kinematic systems: scaling the size of the material processing system with the size of the components being processed and, thus, the resources used. The trend of autonomous MRs replacing classical kinematic systems in the field of material handling in industrial applications has been evident for years due to their higher flexibility, efficiency, and lower operating costs. In this paper, the prototype of a corresponding MR system is presented. In addition, the general design of the MR is presented. One challenge is the accuracy of an MR; for a common LMP such as laser cutting, the MR must be able to follow a predefined trajectory as accurately as possible. For this purpose, two different measurement systems are presented and compared. To demonstrate the potential of the mobile robot, an exemplary LMP process is also performed and evaluated. Finally, possibilities for improvement or further development, such as integration of scanner optics or the use of several autonomous MRs to increase productivity, are shown.
In the Struggle against “Tactless Liberalism”: A.K. Kirkor and the Newspaper Novoe Vremya on the Consequences of the Great Reforms in the Late 1860s – Early 1870s
Authors: Завьялова О. О.
Published: September 2023

В статье представлен анализ социально-экономических и политических идей, отраженных на страницах газеты «Новое время» в конце 1860-х – начале 1870-х гг., когда ее издателем-редактором являлся виленский интеллектуал, представитель пророссийски ориентированной общественности Северо-Западного края А.К. Киркор. Особое внимание уделяется анализу его политических воззрений на проблемы управления регионом в переломную эпоху Великих реформ 1860-х – 1870-х гг., а также оценке, данной основным правительственным преобразованиям в передовых статьях «Нового времени», и попыткам газеты повлиять на формирующееся общественное мнение по данной проблеме в период 1868–1871 гг. Позицию редакционного отдела газеты и ее издателя-редактора Киркора при характеристике социально-экономических трансформаций пореформенного периода отличал идейный синкретизм, который основывался на сочетании либеральных и сословно-консервативных ценностных установок и определялся сложившейся в Северо-Западном крае во второй половине 1860-х гг. политической и социокультурной ситуацией. Делается вывод о том, что в рамках деятельности газеты своими рекомендациями местного «эксперта» Киркор стремился скорректировать национальную политику в отношении региона, указывая на более гибкие методы его обрусения, учитывавшие нужды и потребности как местной социальной элиты, так и недоминирующих этнических групп.

The article presents the analysis of socio-economic and political ideas reflected in the pages of the newspaper Novoe Vremya in the late 1860s – early 1870s, when A.K. Kirkor, a Vilna intellectual, representative of the pro-Russian-oriented public of Northwestern Krai, was its publisher and editor. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of Kirkor’s political views on the problems of governing the region in the critical era of the Great Reforms in the 1860s–70s, as well as to the assessment of the main governmental transformations in the editorials of Novoe Vremya and the newspaper’s attempts to influence the public opinion on that issue in the period between 1868 and 1871. The position of the editorial board of the newspaper and its publisher and editor Kirkor in characterizing the socio-economic transformations of the post-reform period could be characterized by ideological syncretism, which was based on a combination of liberal and class conservative values and was mainly determined by the political and socio-cultural situation in Northwestern Krai in the second half of the 1860s. It is concluded that within the framework of the newspaper’s work, Kirkor provided his recommendations of a local expert and thus sought to adjust the national policy in the region, pointing to more flexible methods of its Russification, which would take into account the needs and requirements of both the local social elite and the non-dominant ethnic groups of the region.
Analysis of Student Perceptions About Cryptocurrency Assets Viewed from Perceived Costs, Benefits and Risks
Authors:   Universitas Lampung, Nurmawan Ahmat , Rufaidah Erlina , Putri Rahmah Dianti
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine how students' perceptions of cryptocurrency investment assets are viewed from cost perception, benefit perception, and risk perception. This study used quantitative descriptive research method with survey approach. The population in this study is students of the Economic Education Study Program FKIP University of Lampung with a total of 230 students. The sampling technique in this study was Probability Sampling using the Simple Random Sampling technique and a sample of 146 students was obtained. The results stated that students of the Economic Education Study Program FKIP University of Lampung have a good perception of cryptocurrency investment assets in terms of aspects of cost perception and benefit perception. Meanwhile, in terms of risk perception, students of the Economic Education Study Program FKIP University of Lampung have a bad perception of cryptocurrency assets. Seeing the potential and development of financial instruments, students should begin to be sensitive and begin to understand all aspects in it before investing to avoid various kinds of existing risks.