bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Guide for Cancer Pain Management in Latin America
Authors: Joseph V. Pergolizzi Jr.  , Robert B. Raffa  , Emilio Esteban Gonzalez  , Jo Ann LeQuang
Published: February 2018

Cancer prevalence in Latin America (LATAM) is increasing and represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Managing cancer patients—who live longer than ever before—requires appropriate management of cancer pain, described by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1988 with its now famous “pain ladder,” the rungs of which represented nonopioids, weak opioids, and strong opioids as pain relievers. Yet even today much cancer pain is undertreated. Cancer pain can be multimechanistic with a neuropathic component which may complicate pain control. Acute pain should be treated aggressively to avoid the potential transition to chronic pain, a maladaptive form of pain that can be particularly challenging to treat. Although opioids have been recognized by WHO in 1988 and since then as a safe, effective form for treating moderate to severe cancer pain, opioid consumption in LATAM nations is very low. LATAM countries make up about 9% of the world’s population but represent only about 1% of global opioid consumption. Better education about pain control in cancer and opioid therapy is needed by both healthcare providers and patients to better treat cancer pain in LATAM. But opioid-associated side effects and the risk of abuse and diversion are important risks of opioid therapy that are to be fully understood by both healthcare providers and patients before commencing therapy. Opioid risk management plans balance the need for access to opioids for appropriate patients with the mitigation of opioid-related risks of abuse and addiction. Risks as well as benefits should be clearly understood in order to consider opioid therapy. Combining education, prescription drug monitoring plans, and other risk mitigation strategies may be useful tools. Abuse-deterrent formulations, such as fixed-dose combination products of an opioid with naloxone, have been designed to resist abuse. LATAM may benefit from such new products in efforts to bring better pain control to cancer patients in a rational and responsible manner.
Carl Nielsen and Tivoli
Authors: Ketting Knud
Published: February 2018

The basis for the article is a complete overview covering every performance of music by Carl Nielsen in the summer season of the Copenhagen pleasure garden, Tivoli, during the composer’s lifetime (1865-1931). For the first years after becoming a professional violinist, Nielsen made his living from playing in the Tivoli orchestra. And it was in Tivoli he made his official debut as a composer in 1887. When his fellow student from the Academy of Music, Frederik Schnedler-Petersen at the beginning of the summer season 1909 took over as musical director in Tivoli, the Nielsen performances really took flight. The article lists in all 744 performances, which stylistically range right from the popular songs to the symphonies. Schnedler-Petersen was not afraid to present the rather conservative Tivoli audience with some musical challenges whenever the orchestra’s rather tight work-schedule permitted a moment for rehearsing these. But as Nielsen’s music became increasingly experimental, he too had to give up. The sixth symphony (1925) was only performed once in Tivoli and the clarinet concerto (1928) not at all. Nielsen’s birthday on the 9th June was in the Tivoli season and Schnedler-Petersen nearly always found some way of marking the event. Nielsen’s 60th birthday in 1925 was particularly festive with performances by the three Tivoli orchestras, a torchlight procession and a banquet in one of the best restaurants in Tivoli. Finally the article also briefly describes Schnedler-Petersen’s efforts outside Tivoli on behalf of Carl Nielsen, not least abroad where he was without any doubt the composer’s most diligent musical ambassador.
Stasis and Energy. Danish Paradox or European Issue?
Authors: Roth Colin
Published: February 2018

In examining Carl Nielsen’s expressive intentions and formal strategies in an interdisciplinary and historical context, this article shows how closely Nielsen’s aspirations and practice parallel those of his European contemporaries. One strand of this interrelationship between art and its social context is manifest in the recognition by philosophers, Kierkegaard perhaps the first amongst them, of the value and significance of right-brained thought, the experience of life, as a legitimate object for consideration and understanding, where previously only leftbrained, objective thought had been considered worthy of the philosopher’s attention. Tracing Nielsen’s developing interest in the embodiment of experience and feeling in the form and substance of his art, not just in its narrative content, it is argued that traditional linear analysis is inadequate to describe Nielsen’s symphonic writing, and that a ‘three-dimensional’ model that can also account for the expressive meaning and value of relative levels of activity, ‘stasis and energy’, is required. By contrast with Nielsen’s success in developing musical forms that embody these ‘concerns of the time’, Danish ballet, one of the great achievements of the Golden Age, faded from sight during the same period. The article asserts Nielsen’s place within the broad range of European cultural life by contrasting it with the uniquely Danish survival of a form whose particular expressive character led to its disappearance or transformation nearly everywhere else.
Carl Nielsen and Nancy Dalberg. Nancy Dalberg as Carl Nielsen’s Pupil, Assistant and Patron
Authors: Jensen Lisbeth Ahlgren
Published: February 2018

This article throws light on the connection between Nielsen and Nancy Dalberg, one of his less well-known composition pupils. She studied with Nielsen from c . 1912, and in the following years she composed several orchestral pieces and a symphony, which he conducted at her first composer’s concert. She was gradually drawn into Nielsen’s private circle of acquaintances, and she helped him with the fair copy of Aladdin and the orchestration of Springtime on Funen , following his indications in the draft score. This says something about his working methods when he was under time-pressure, but also about her expertise with regard orchestration. Nancy Dalberg’s own musical output is not extensive, and she did not make a great impact as a composer, but rather than explaining this by her being over-shadowed by Nielsen, the present article points to the fact that he was among those who supported her.
Carl Nielsen, Quartet for two Violins, Viola, and Cello, Op. 5. A Glance into the Composer’s Workshop
Authors: Petersen Elly Bruunshuus
Published: February 2018

The first part of this article describes the compositional process in Nielsen’s String Quartet Op. 5, on the basis of an examination of the sketches, additions and deletions found in the draft score. In the majority of cases the sketches are short and closely related to the musical material beside which they are notated. Close examination shows that Nielsen evidently had a sufficiency of ideas but that he often had problems working them into context. Apart from the short sketches there are three versions of a central section in the second movement. On the basis of an analysis of the entire movement – including the motivic working in the various middle sections and their relationship to the outer sections – the second part of the article gives a rationale for Nielsen’s third and final version.
Carl Nielsen and Theories of Symphonism
Authors: Fanning David
Published: February 2018

With few exceptions, theorists have been reluctant to define the essence of the symphony as a genre. One of the exceptions is Robert Simpson, whose five proposed characteristics for the ‘true’ symphony,published in 1967, are based in part on close analytical engagement with Nielsen’s works. Another exception is Mark Aranovsky in the Introduction to his book on the Soviet Symphony from 1960-1975. Aranovsky’s identification of archetypal qualities in each movement of the classical symphony, and his discussion of processes of dynamic evolution between those movements, may serve both as a critique of Simpson’s more formalistic prescriptions and as a template against which to measure asepcts of Nielsen’s first four symphonies, in particular their dramatic redistribution and rebalancing of archetypal qualities between the movements of the cycle.
Carl Nielsen and the Current of Vitalism in Art
Authors: Fjeldsøe Michael
Published: February 2018

The great accomplishment of Jorgen I. Jensen in his biography Carl Nielsen – Danskeren (Nielsen – The Dane) was to point to the importance of symbolism to Nielsen’s development especially in the 1890s. That provided a new approach to contextualising features by Nielsen which otherwise had appeared to be particular to him. Vitalism on the other hand is a current in art which has not been spoken much of in the latest 60 years, not least because it became part of fascist aesthetics in the 1930s. One could try to verify the idea that, as in the case of J.F. Willumsen, there might be features which, though, barely explainable as the heritage of symbolism, could make sense if one acknowledges vitalism as a current running through Nielsen’s oeuvre. With the large exhibition Livslyst (Passion of Life) in 2008, Danish art history has thrown new light on this current, and an essay in the catalogue is the first attempt to make a reading of Nielsen in this context. Symbolism, itself a child of modernity, was a rebellion against the rationalism of modern Scandinavian literature and art since the 1870s. After 1900, though, a symbolist interpretation becomes less convincing. Here we find an engagement in the arabesque with affi nity to Jugendstil which acts as transition to an engagement in the Greek, youth, health and vitality, fully in keeping with the views of vitalism. Tracing this engagement might help understand some aspects of Nielsen’s music and aesthetics, though he never became a one hundred per cent vitalist artist. He was all his life an artist with seismographic sensibility to new currents, to which he responded without giving himself totally to them.
Strange Bedfellows. The Hebrew Bible and Wagner, in 'Saul and David'
Authors: McCreless Patrick
Published: February 2018

Carl Nielsen’s first opera, Saul og David, turns on the pairing of two seemingly contradictory foundations: the book of 1 Samuel in the Hebrew Bible, and the musico-dramatic influence of Richard Wagner. It is well-known that Nielsen firmly rejected Wagner and Wagnerism in the opera, and it is generally acknowledged that he succeeded: Saul og David sounds not at all like Wagner, and it overtly lacks the web of leitmotivs that so characterizes the Wagner music dramas from Das Rheingold on. Nevertheless, it is clear that Nielsen, along with his librettist Einar Christiansen, learned much from Wagner. Most importantly, the creation of a modern musical drama out of an ancient text was a task that both Wagner and his Danish successors faced. Like the best of Wagner’s music dramas, Saul og David is a model of clarity and intensity – a drama that focuses an abundance of narrative detail in the original source into a taut, psychologically penetrating story, a story masterful in its condensation of action and in its large-scale dramatic and musical form. That the opera appropriates a number of dramatic and musical techniques of the anti-Semitic Wagner in its portrayal of a foundational story from the Hebrew Bible is an irony well worth contemplating.
Carl Nielsen – The Human Crisis, Then and Now
Authors: Fellow John
Published: February 2018

Beginning with an account of the context in which the Carl Nielsen Brevudgaven (translated: The Carl Nielsen Letter Edition) began, this paper describes the source material for the eleven volumes and separate index. Eight volumes have already been published; the Edition will be completed in 2014. While the Edition is still a work in progress, it highlights the stages, themes, and general progression of Carl Nielsen’s life and the way these interact with his family, the music and cultural scene, and society in general. How private is the Edition, one might ask, and what does his private life have to do with his music? Is there a connection between life and art, or is there no connection, or perhaps the opposite: that the artistic visions, and the struggles to express and communicate them, affected the private lives of both husband and wife?The artistic outlook of Carl Nielsen is characterised on the basis of evidence in the source material, from his own statements as well as those of his colleagues. This was not a narrow-scope artistic discussion for them, but a debate on human emotional life itself and the structure of the human psyche: it was human development at this deep level that music both ought to and could influence. And that is what it increasingly did, also in a destructive way. What does the whole wretched business of our own age have to do with that of Carl Nielsen’s time period? How can we benefit from his answers? Have we come up with better answers? And if so, why are we even discussing Carl Nielsen?
Sibelius, a Towering National Composer: An Outsider's Perceptions
Authors: Goss Glenda Dawn
Published: February 2018

Carl Nielsen and Jean Sibelius offer particularly intriguing examples of “national” composers who symbolize their countries to the world. Their lives and works are striking not only because of their contemporaneousness and relative geographical closeness, but also because they represent startlingly parallel examples in musical ways, including their cultivation of the symphony, chamber music, and song. In a departure from the rule, namely, the interpretation of a “great national composer” by a fellow national, this essay is a close examination of one of the pair, namely, Sibelius, by an outsider. This approach, together with the use of comparison and contrast, enables us to gain fresh insights also into Carl Nielsen.
Carl Nielsen in the United Kingdom
Authors: Muntoni Paolo
Published: February 2018

The United Kingdom has always been receptive to the Danish composer Carl Nielsen. For a long time Great Britain was the only country outside Scandinavia to show interest in his works, which met both the favour of the public and the appreciation of critics. No other country has produced such a comprehensive list of articles, studies and reviews about Nielsen’s music. An overview of the commentaries on Nielsen’s most performed works, namely the Fourth and Fifth Symphony, published on two major British newspapers – The Times and The Guardian – documents how the opinion on his music constantly changed. Critiques range from an initial enthusiastic acclaim to a half-hearted appreciation, and later to revaluation and revival. An analysis of a selected work, the Sixth Symphony, sheds light on the breadth and variety of what can be now considered a well-established research tradition. Robert Simpson pioneered such research in the 1950’s, but it was during the last decade of the 20 th century that the most interesting developments unfolded. Despite the wide range of interpretations, it is possible to track within British research on Carl Nielsen some underlying features that, in interplay with other factors, can help to explain the composer’s popularity in the UK.
Metrical Dissonance in the Works of Carl Nielsen. A Metrical Analysis of 'Sinfonia Espansiva', First Movement
Authors: Sørensen Ulrik Skat
Published: February 2018

Carl Nielsen’s music is known to be ambiguous in the harmonic department as well as in the metric. This article endeavors how Nielsen works with metrical irregularities, in the first movement of Sinfonia Espansiva, in order to create tension/relief- progressions, forward driven motions and finally sectional divisions. At several occasions in the music, Nielsen emancipates the notated meter and allows interaction between underlying layers to take over the metric control. The article provides a metrical map with form divisions according to the classic sonata form, and illustrates how metrical dissonances can indicate how and when sectional borders appear. The analysis is made based on theory by Dr. Harald Krebs, who has developed a useful analytic tool for this kind of musical research.
Årsbokstankar vid ett tioårsjubileum
Authors: Lindroth Jan
Published: February 2018

Diskussion af hvad en idrætshistorisk årbog skal indeholde og anvendes til.
Dansk Idrætshistorisk Forening - 10 år
Authors: Trangbæk Else
Published: February 2018

I anledningen af Dansk Idrætshistorisk Forenings 10 års-jubilæum gennemgår artiklen foreningens undfangelse, fødsel og udvikling.
Orden i Idrættens Hus - Dansk Idræts-Forbund og sportens gennembrud ca. 1896-1918
Authors: Jørgensen Per
Published: February 2018

Dansk Idræts-Forbunds (nu Danmarks Idræts-forbund) tilblivelse i 1896 og en beskrivelse af organisationens udvikling med sporten som et centralt omdrejningspunkt.
Var der dødsstraf for at hugge tønde eller tager Otto Kalker fejl?
Authors: Møller Jørn
Published: February 2018

Artiklen klarlægger begrebet 'at hugge tønde' sådan, som det blev anvendt i 1700-tallet.
Gymnastiklærer J. Lauritsen og Odense Gymnastik-Forening. Den tidlige skyttebevægelse og idrætten
Authors: Hansen Jørn
Published: February 2018

Med udgangspunkt i den lokale idrætshistorie i Odense ser artiklen på forholdet mellem skytteforeninger, idræt og gymnastik.
Den gerontologiserede krop
Authors: Povlsen Jørgen
Published: February 2018

Artiklen behandler den aldrende krop og sport.
Idrætslitteratur 1996-97 – en oversigt
Authors: Hansen Jørn , Nielsen Niels Kayser
Published: February 2018

Oversigt
Fra Atlanta over Sydney til Olympia - en atletisk Tour de Force tilbage til oldtiden
Authors: Skovgaard Thomas
Published: February 2018

Belysning af de Antikke Olympiske Lege som et forbillede for moderne idræt og sport. Artiklen begrænser sig tidsmæssigt til arkaisk og klassisk tid og fokuserer på legenes religiøse og politiske funktioner.
Det familære, det spetakulære og det skandaløse. Kropslig iscenesættelse og moderne dans i Danmark 1900-1918
Authors: Vedel Karen
Published: February 2018

Artiklens formål er at se på, hvordan det moderne gennembrud forhandles og sætter sig i gennem i en ændring af dansens æstetik.The Familiar, the Spectacular and the Scandalous. The staged Body and modern Dance in Denmark.The article examines how the modern breakthrough in Danish arts and culture was negotiated in the aesthetics of the body, especially as it was staged in dance. Perceived through various forms of cultural performance, the change is seen as a process consisting of five phases. At the turn of the century, colonial exhibitions from the Far East provided the Danish public with a popular introduction to other ways of staging the body through the spectacle of ‘the exotic other’. Then visits from traditional court ensembles created a basis for identification of individual artistic features and comparison with the balletic tradition of the Danish Royal Theatre. At approximately the same time, appearances in Denmark by artists such as Jacques-Dalcroze, Loïe Fuller and Isadora Duncan introduced a dance aesthetic, which was not based in the ballet tradition. In the initial implementation of (elements of) different aesthetics, the predominant strategy in both ballet and ballroom dancing was called ‘nationalisation’ or ‘adaptation, to Danish taste’. The critical position of the Royal Danish Ballet, which was struggling to maintain August Bournonville’s ideas of beauty in dance, became no less critical, when a change of aesthetics was announced. At this time the Russian choreographer, Michail Fokin, who was considered to be the renewer and saviour of the art of ballet, was in fact living, performing and teaching in Copenhagen, where he drew large audiences. Aside from the Royal Danish Ballet, the change is seen to be completed by 1918 with the assumption of new aesthetic values in the creation as well as the reception of dance in Denmark.
Folkesundhed og disciplinering - kulturanalyse af en opdragelsesstrategi
Authors: Christiansen Ask Vest
Published: February 2018

Analyse af regeringens folkesundhedsprogram 1999-2008 set i relation til ændringen af sygdomsbilledet siden 1900-tallet og diskussion af det nuværende sundhedspolitiske syn på idrætten.Public health and discipline – a cultural analysis of a strategy for instructionIn May 1999 the Danish Government’s Public Health Programme 1999-2008 was published. This article argues that the public health programme was developed as one element in a general slimming down of the welfare state. It will not be possible to maintain standards of welfare unless individuals and social institutions alike undergo a process of slimming down. Seen in this way, the public health programme is part of a project to impose social discipline and order. What has to be regulated is people’s behaviour so that it can become acceptable from the point of view of health. This is made necessary due to changes in the structure of illness during the past century, which in turn have prompted a change in medical focus away from cure and towards prevention. Prevention is a strategy which makes considerable use of a form of risk-moralising which directs itself by and large towards all areas of human activity. The public health programme has in this way changed its focus of operation from a social level to a subject- based, individual level. From this arises a paradox in regard to guilt and responsibility. On the one hand responsibility is taken away from the individual partly by dint of the interference of the state – for example, in relation to smokers – and partly through the way in which plans for prevention manifest themselves. On the other hand there is a tendency towards increased feelings of guilt. The result of this is that a large number of our everyday actions are placed in a health context. Health can no longer be taken for granted but is something to which we have to devote constant attention. The surveillance of health, which was once the task of the medical police, has now become integrated into the life of the individual and has turned into self-surveillance. This indicates that the health project is more concerned with moral than with medical matters.
Nærvær - forsøg på en nem definition af leg
Authors: Møller Jørn
Published: February 2018

En fænomenologisk og antropologisk analyse af legen som et universelt, eksistentielt rum for mennesket.Presence – An attempt at an easy definition of playIn this article a simple definition of play has been attempted within the framework of phenomenological anthropology. When the process is seen as more serious than the result, we play. When, on the contrary, the result is the more important, we work. To express it in simple formulas in which P is process and R, result:P/R > 1 = Play P/R < 1 = WorkThe definition is discussed in relation to a number of approsing rations which normally provoke reflexive efforts: play vs. seriousness; play vs. labour; play vs. reality; play vs. war; play vs. sport; play vs. ritual; play as symbol and metaphor.Further, the phenomenological concept of play is contrasted to the pedagogical concept, in an analysis of the instrumental use of play vs. play as a meaningful practise in itself.Finally, reference is made to W.H. Auden’s view of the aesthetic process as a dual act involving sin and the search for redemption.
Mit livs OL-eventyr - det personlige møde med De Olympiske Lege
Authors: Wøllekær Johnny
Published: February 2018

Danske OL-deltageres møde med de olympiske lege. Bl.a. svømmeren Jytte Hansen i 1948. My life’s Olympic fairytale – a personal encounter with the Olympic gamesOdense City Archives has a project running at the moment in which erstwhile participants in the Olympics Games tell their Olympic stories. With the help of a range of volunteers, the archive has had interviews conducted and collected material from and about earlier Olympic participants from Odense. It is the participants’ own personal experiences and their encounter with the Olympic Games which lies at the heart of this little survey, one of whose functions is to provide documentation for the colossal changes which élite sport has undergone during the past 100 years. When we read and listen to the participants’ encounter with the Olympic Games, we quickly sense the huge and decisive significance they had on people’s lives. This is not to say that the Olympics changed everything, for everyday life returned again. Many, however, took home with them positive memories and experiences, even though they never got anywhere near winning a medal. When the Danish participants with the Danish flag at their head marched in to the Olympic stadium and felt the roar of the multitude of spectators, many of them felt a lump in their throat. Expressions like ”an unbelievable experience” or ”my life’s fairytale” recur frequently in the interviews. A chronological reading of the many interviews does not only tell the story of each sportsperson’s experiences. Taken as a whole, they also reflect the way in which Danish élite sport gradually became better organized, became more professional. While sporting talents in the 1940s and 50s were more or less left to themselves during the preparations for the games – and even during the games themselves – in the 1960s and 70s training camps, special trainers and the like began to emerge. (20) Participants were selected earlier so there was plenty of time for optimal preparation, just as it became easier to take time off to prepare for the Olympic Games.
Historie - en folkelig kvalitet
Authors: Andersen Jørgen
Published: February 2018

De Danske Gymnastik- og Ungdomsforeninger v/konsulent Jørgen Andersen
Skolegymnastikkens modernisering 1884-1913
Authors: Copsø Søren
Published: February 2018

Artiklen skitserer skolegymnastikkens udvikling i årene 1883-193 og ser på reformeringen i relation til resten af skoleområdet i perioden.
Dansk Idræts Forbund og forholdet til Tyskland 1940-45
Authors: Rasmussen Steen
Published: February 2018

Artikel om Dansk Idræts Forbund og forholdet til Tyskland i årene 1940-45.
Danmarks Idrætsmuseum - et DHL projekt
Authors: Breds Preben
Published: February 2018

Kort beskrivelse af DHL-projektet om at etablere et 'levende' idrætsmuseum med utraditionelle formidlingsformer rettet mod idrætsfolk som publikum.
Sportsspektakler
Authors: Møller Verner
Published: February 2018

Analyse af sporten i 'spektakelsamfundet', som bl.a. konkluderer, at kommercialiseringen ikke i sig selv medfører et forfald inden for sporten. Sport as spectacleOver the years many pages have been written about the misery of sport, its corruption and imminent demise. It is quite true that sport and the conditions under which it operates change, but this is not synonymous with decay. On the contrary. This article demonstrates that sport has the effect of anchoring us in life and is, in fact, a civilising influence. By means of critical analyses of John J. MacAloon’s account of sport’s dimension as festival and Guy Debord’s analysis of the society of the spectacle, this article paves the way for an understanding of the fact that sport can in its essence be seen as popular culture’s substitute for the formative manifestations of high culture, and that commercialisation, which is often dragged out as the root of sport’s unhappy development, in reality is the motor driving sport forward as a developmental project in popular culture.
Fra fritidsfornøjelse til markedsføring - Esbjerg Kommune og idrætten
Authors: Bruhn Verner
Published: February 2018

From leisure enjoyment to marketing – Esbjerg municipal and sport.The city of Esbjerg was founded in 1873 as an extension of the establishment of the first export harbour on the west coast of Denmark. Between 1870 and 1901 the town’s population rose from about 500 to 13,300, and this explosive growth meant that all financial resources had to be devoted to building housing, roads and public institutions, not least schools for the newcomers’ many children. Esbjerg then grew throughout the 1900s into a modern city, which today has 82,000 inhabitants. The founding of the city coincided in time with the establishment of sport in Denmark, and the city’s first sports associations emerged between 1885 and 1900. After the First World War these associations grew both in number and in the range of clubs that were available for most known branches of sport. The Municipal’s attitude to sport can briefly be broken down into four phases: The first phase up until about 1918-19 was marked by the fact that all the Municipal’s energies were devoted to establishing an urban society, and that therefore if there was any support at all for sporting facilities it was only modest. The second phase from about 1920 to 1950 was characterised by collaboration between the Municipal and the amalgamation known as Esbjerg Idrætforbund (Esbjerg Sports Union). The first stadium was built in 1929 and during the following ten years sporting facilities were extended. The third phase from the end of the 1950s to about 1970 is a period marked by expansion with construction extending to new residential areas. At the same time the Sports Union became the Municipal’s partner in the administration of new laws on public support for youth and sports initiatives. The fourth and final phase to date made itself felt in the 1980s and 90s, when elite sport grew up alongside broader sporting practice. The Municipal continues its collaboration with the Sports Union, but now takes independent initiatives together with the elite clubs as a way to market Esbjerg as a modern city, setting up international prestige projects, for example, such as hosting the Youth Olympics in 1999.
Status for miljørigtigt idrætsbyggeri i Danmark
Authors: Mortensen Bente
Published: February 2018

The current state of play for the construction of environmentally friendly sports facilities in Denmark No attention is paid to environmental concerns when new facilities for sports are constructed. This article charts the degree to which environmental concerns are brought into play in the planning and maintenance of sports facilities in Denmark. Taking a pair of actual cases as a starting point, the author presents the current state of play as regards the efforts made in this area by sporting bodies, organisations, the authorities and advisers.
Bevægelsens produktivering og demokratiets folk - to spor i moderniteten krydser hinanden. Gensvar til Christer Wigerfelt
Authors: Eichberg Henning
Published: February 2018

Artiklen behandler to spor i modernitetens historie og opstiller en række scenarier, der hver især beskriver tendenser i tidens bevægelseskultur og deres betydning for demokratiet og den enkeltes identitetsdannelse.
Fotografier som historisk kilde
Authors: Munk-Nielsen Karen Sivebæk , Pedersen Wibeke Haldrup
Published: February 2018

Med fotografier af gymnastikpædagogen Agnete Bertram som eksempel belyser forfatterne fotografiernes bagvedliggende historier og den virkelighed, billederne er en del af.
Pigerne, drengene og gymnasieidrætten i det 20. århundrede
Authors: Jørgensen Per
Published: February 2018

En analyse af hvilke aktiviteter, der gennem det 20. århundrede er blevet anbefalet at undervise i, samt hvorledes den korrekte undervisning er beskrevet. Artiklen er skrevet ud fra et særligt fokus på køn og konstruktionen heraf. Per Jørgensen: The Boys, the Girls and the Teaching in Physical Education in the Secondary School in Denmark in the 20th Century The aim of this article has been to study the development of the teaching in physical education in the Danish secondary school during the 20th Century. No books and not many articles have been written about this subject previously. The sources are material from the public archives and the legislation related to the reforms of 1903, 1935, 1961, 1971, 1987 and 2005. However, especially material from educational journals and to a certain degree, newspapers have been used. In the article special attention is given to the discourse about the educational development in the period related to gender issues. After analyzing the structural development of the P.E.-subject, three themes have been dealt with: »Gender and the interest in P.E.«, »Gender and activities in P.E.« and »Integration of gender in the P.E.-teaching«. Among the results it can be mentioned that: In first part of the century the discourse often shows that girls were physically and mentally different from the boys and as a consequence of that they ought to do different P.E.-activities. In the second part of the century the opinion, however, the starting point was taken in equality and homogeneity. It must be stressed, however, that both standpoints is represented all the time. The discourse on physical education related to gender in the secondary school shows that it is recognizable to the similar discourse on gender in society. This is, however, not the case when one look on the activity-discourse in school and society. Here it is quite obvious that until around 1970 the students in school to a great extend were doing activities which was seldom or not heard of in society.
Hvorfor spilde tiden med kvindelig idrætsledelse?
Authors: Ytting Linnea
Published: February 2018

Artiklen med undertitlen 'Kønskonstruktioner og ligestillingsmæssige tiltag i den frivillige idrætsledelse' har til formål at vise de kønskonstruktioner, der eksisterer i idrætsorganisationerne, og som har indflydelse på forudsætningerne for kvinders besiddelse af lederposter i organisationerne.Linnea Ytting: Why waste time on female sport leadership? About gender construction, gender equality in the voluntary sport organizationsThe sports organisations Danmarks Idræts- Forbund (DIF) and Danske Gymnastik- og Idrætsforeninger (DGI) have few women represented in their top leader positions. Both organisations have approximately 50% female membership and represent the entire Danish organised sport field. This is a sad fact, because women and men in many areas have different interests in sports. This article analyses some of the gender constructions of 6 young men and women in voluntary leadership, within chosen sports organisations. The purpose is to find the meaning of gender and describe how it is interpreted by the women and men in leading positions. The result of this research shows that many women are not interested in leading positions higher than club level. At the same time however, the structure of organisations are limiting, as to women wanting to achieve a higher voluntary leading position. Therefore it can be established that women must want the power, but the power must also want the women. In 2002 the political mainstreaming project was offered to sports organisations, introducing the gender problem on the political agenda. The political dimensions will therefore be included in the article, because the consequences may affect the sports organisations
Kroppens politik
Authors: Rosenbeck Bente
Published: February 2018

Et essay om forholdet mellem kvindens krop og køn i et historisk og politisk perspektiv på både nationalt og internationalt plan.
Nordisk idrottspolitik i brytningstid - Kritiska reflektioner från en svensk lokal horisont
Authors: Sjöblom Paul
Published: February 2018

Artiklen omhandler den nordiske idrætspolitik og hvordan den påvirker idrætsforeningerne, med udgangspunkt i Sverige. 

 

Paul Sjöblom: Nordic sport politics in times of unrest – critical reflections from a Swedish horizon

The general marketing and plurality processes regarding the Nordic welfare states give evidence to a more multiplex but at the same time also a more specialized, politicized and, therefore, antagonized field of sports. At the same time as parts of the sports movement are being professionalized and commercialized even far down the leagues, new politics of sports get its shape; politics with earmarked means for previously neglected groups. Or at least it does so theoretically. What, in reality, the consequences will be, and what effects this will have upon the actions of the municipalities, we do not know for sure. My studies indicate that the structures of the local communities that are acting in favor of organized, result-oriented, competitive sports are extremely tenacious. Previously established principles of distribution of means were mainly stable during the beginning of the 20th century, even though the heads of the sports movement as well as the heads of central and municipal government speak of »sports for everybody«.
Idrott, arenor och politik
Authors: Lindroth Jan
Published: February 2018

Artiklen er en anmeldelse af Johnny Wøllekær: Tidens krav er sportens krav. Studier i den kommunale idrætspolitikdannelse i Odense, Århus og Ålborg 1900-1950. Syddansk universitet, 2007, 273 s.
Eliteidrættens kanon. Anmeldese af: Else Trangbæk, Rasmus Bech og Rama Pryce (red.): Eliteidrættens kanon
Authors: Nielsen Niels Kayser
Published: February 2018

En anmeldelse af Else Trangbæk, Rasmus Bech og Rama Pryce (red.): Eliteidrættens kanon. Odense: Syddansk Universitetsforlag 2007.
Billeder, tekst og tale
Authors: Hansen Jørn
Published: February 2018

Billeder, tekst og tale – idrætshistorisk formidling med udgangspunkt i udstillingen: Sport & Krig i Medierne. Fra Gunnar Nu til Muhammedkrise, Brandts Danmarks Mediemuseum, Odense 23. juni-23. september 2007 og Hans Bonde: Niels Bukh. En politisk-ideologisk biografi. CD-ROM + DVD
OL i Beijing - Markedskræfternes sejr over moralen!
Authors: Hansen Jørn
Published: February 2018

Artiklen tager udgangspunkt i forståelse af, at når moralske argumenter ender med at være til fals, spiller økonomiske og magtpolitiske faktorer en afgørende rolle. I artiklen diskuteres menneskerettigheder, økonomi, sponsorer og politik i forbindelse med OL i Beijing 2008. The Olympic Games in Beijing – The Victory of Market Forces over MoralDespite the severe criticism against Beijing as host of the Olympic Games the number of influential state representatives from various countries at the opening ceremony had never been larger. In view of the strong moral criticism of the problems with the human rights in China, this is difficult to understand. Why did so many governments decide to support China and the Olympics in the end? This is one of the crucial questions to be answered in this article. The starting point of the analysis is the statement that the moral arguments were overruled by economic interests and the politics of power. Thus the article examines and points out Chinas powerful economic role and the role of some of the most important Olympic sponsors in the world economy with respect to questions of international politics.
Danmarks position i det internationale elitesportskapløb - post Beijing
Authors: Storm Rasmus Klarskov
Published: February 2018

Artiklen vurderer på baggrund af med Team Danmarks resultatkontrakter med Kulturministeriet og Team Danmarks efterspørgsel efter flere penge til elitearbejdet, den danske position i den internationale elitesportskapløb og indetificerer de problemstillinger, som organiseringen af dansk eliteidræt står over for. The Danish Standings in the International Sporting Arms Race – Post BeijingThe development within international elite sport has launched a global sporting arms race. As pointed out by international scholars, more and more countries develop medal capability investing ever more resources in the fight for international success. This international trend has affected the Danish context resulting in a growing political focus on international results. On the basis of the recent Danish rankings in the Olympic Games in China, the debate on Danish elite sport has intensified. Although the number of Danish medals reached the goal set for the games, the Danish elite sport organization, Team Denmark, subsequently demanded more capital for elite sport development claiming that without increased resources, Denmark will face decreasing results in the future. This article analyses the Danish position in the international sporting arms race together with identifying the challenges of Danish elite sport. Including identified factors of international sporting success, a brief performance analysis of the Danish model is carried out. Finally the appropriateness of increased funding for Team Denmark is discussed.
Hvorledes idræt blev til folkesundhed – bølgetoppe og bølgedale i udviklingen fra »Den store Sundhedsudstilling 1939« til regeringens sundhedsprogram »Idræt for alle« 2009.
Authors: Hansen Jørn
Published: February 2018

I artiklen diskuteres hvorledes sammenkædningen mellem idrætspolitik og sundhedspolitik er sket og hvornår denne har sat sig igennem. Udgangspunktet for diskussionen er en række punktnedslag, der ser nærmere på forholdet mellem idræt og sundhed. Punktnedslagene relateres til en udbred forståelse i World Health Organisation af, at der i samme tid idealtypisk har tegnet sig fire forskellige sundhedsbølger.How sport (idræt) came into public healthIn the latest report Sport for all from the Danish ministry for culture there is a direct link between public health and sport (idræt). The article gives an outline of how health and sport has been connected in different ways during modernity, and how the evolution of public health in four different phases in a useful way can explain how the link between health and sport (idræt) have changed during the history of modernity and how sport (idræt) and health today have become more tight than ever.
Kroppen under behandling - Gymnastikken, fysioterapien, kiropraktikken og lægevidenskaben ca. 1900-1930
Authors: Jørgensen Per
Published: February 2018

Artiklen har to formål, det første er at undersøge gymnastikkens, fysioterapiens og kiropraktikkens forhold til lægevidenskaben indenfor to områder, hvor det første omhandler definition og det andet relation. Det andet formål er, at beskrive de tre aktiviteter udvikling efter 1930.The Body under Treatment – Gymnastics, Physical Therapy, Chiropractic and Medical Science from 1900 to 1930At the beginning of the 20th century, Swedish gymnastics, physical therapy and chiropractic were established in Denmark respectively in the school system (gymnastics) and the treatment system (physical therapy and chiropractic). The common point of departure for the three activities was that health and healing could be achieved by manipulation and movement of joints and muscles. This article examines the activities and their relationship to the established medical science at the time regarding definition of science, health and healing. Furthermore, the relationship between experts (doctor, chiropractor, physical therapist or teacher) and layman (patient or student) is examined. Finally, the rationale for why these three activities to day have been assembled in an institute under a medical faculty is briefly discussed.The medical world viewed gymnastics, physiotherapy and chiropractic differently, and the three acted differently in the meeting with the medical world. The scientific basis, claimed by the gymnastics, was shot down by modern science. Physiotherapists accepted that their subject was not viewed as a science but rather a craft and that the subject was under the control of the doctors in terms of accreditation, training and leadership of the professional association. Chiropractors were involved in a decade-long struggle with medical science. The struggle was two-fold – dealing with achieving recognition by obtaining authorization and defining health, illness and science as well as the therapist’s relationship to the patient. Nowadays, scientific findings have moved the boundaries for interpreting science as well as the understanding of the correlation between body, movement and health and have thereby provided a good background for bringing together the three activities in the same institute.
Tango- en livgivende dans
Authors: Pallesen Hanne
Published: February 2018

Artiklen belyser hvad der kan opstå, når mennesker mødes i forskellige netværk og udfolder en fælles interesse. Hvor samværet i tango handler ikke om sundhed, men om at danse. Tango – a life-giving danceMusic, singing and dancing have often been conceptualised as enhancing well-being as well as promoting mental and physical health. The purpose of this paper is to investigate what happens when people meet and dance tango Argentino. This dance has no intentions regarding health, but unintentional it might promote health.Methods: Fieldwork in tango milieu in Denmark, Australia and Argentina, including participant- observation and 20 informal and eight formal interviews.Results: Tango Argentino is characterized by close expressive bodily contact, consideration for one another in the dance, motivation and involvement, various networks (local, regional, national and international) and rituals that shape the condition so everybody confidentially can join the dance milieu.Conclusion: Looking with the eyes of a salutogenic health model and taken together the results, it seems that tango dance, as a moderate physical exercise and a primary leisure, promote health. Implications of dance for social, emotional and physical well-being and health promotion need further research.
Svømmehal på museum
Authors: Mortensen Morten
Published: February 2018

Artiklen belyser med udgangspunkt i et kulturhistorisk blik på Greve Svømmehal idrætspolitiske spørgsmål. This essay throws light on some of the initiatives which museums and municipalities should/ would/could implement in order to preserve the physical cultural heritage of the sports grounds and sports centres for posterity. There are, however, several obstacles 1) sport never has received high priority in the Danish cultural museums’ gathering strategies. 2) architects and town planners in the technical administrations of the municipalities often tend to apply aesthetical criteria when deciding what to preserve for posterity. There is therefore a considerable risk that sports grounds and centres »fall in a hole« between architects and museum curators and are ignored when future municipal development is planned. It is important that attention is drawn to the significant history inherent in sports grounds and centres. If a national museum of sport was a reality in Denmark, it would be a basis from which the cultural historic significance of sport to the local authorities could be promoted. A national museum of sport could be a fruitful link between the municipalities and scholars at the universities, working for the preservation of the physical cultural heritage of the sports grounds and centres for posterity in the cities and in the country.
Tredje gang er den "rigtige" gang: De olympiske lege i London 1908, 1948 og 2012
Authors: Hansen Jørn , Skovgaard Thomas
Published: February 2018

This article takes a closer look at both the historical context and the political and economic orchestration of the Olympic Games in London – 1908, 1948 and 2012. By comparing the three events, a number of differences and game specific circumstances are demonstrated. On this basis the article concludes with a discussion of the status of the three London Games within the overall history of the Modern Olympics.