bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR UNITAS SUPER DAN NPK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL SEMANGKA (Citrullus vulgaris schard)
Authors: Aslansari Aslansari
Published: July 2023

Percobaan bertujuan umtuk mendapatkan interaksi Pupuk Organik Cair Unitas Super dan NPK terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil semangka (Citrullus vulgaris schard). Percobaan  telah dilaksanakan di Kenagarian Koto VIII Palangai Kecamatan Ranah Pesisir Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan dari Januari sampai April 2020. Percobaan menggunakan RAL, faktorial 3x3 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi POC : 0%, 5%, 10%. Faktor kedua adalah Pupuk NPK yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu : 300 kg/ha, 350 kg/ha, 400 kg/ha. Hasil percobaan dapat disimpulkan interaksi Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) Unitas Super dan NPK tidak dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman semangka. POC Unitas Super secara tunggal mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman semangka dengan konsentrasi terbaik yaitu 10%. Pemberian NPK secara tunggal mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman semangka dengan dosis terbaik yaitu 350 kg/ha. Berdasarkan kesimpulan disarankan bahwa Dalam budidaya tanaman semangka dapat diberikan POC Unitas Super dengan konsentrasi 10% dan NPK dengan dosis 350 kg/ha.
THE ROLE OF THE APPLICATION OF MODERN MILITARY TECHNOLOGICAL ACHIEVEMENTS IN ACHIEVING AZERBAIJAN'S MILITARY SUCCESS
Authors: Hafiz Musayev
Published: July 2023

The article examines the role of the use of modern technologies in achieving the military successes of Azerbaijan. It explores the role of recent technological development in various spheres of society, especially achievements in the field of communications and information technology, the launch of three telecom¬munication satellites of Azerbaijan into orbit, production of products meeting high standards at enterprises of the Ministry of  Defense Industry, increasing the role of local production in providing our Army with weapons, as well as the role of modern technologies in achieving Azerbaijan's victory in the Patriotic War.The article uses such methods of studying socio-economic processes as specific-historical, comparative analysis, scientific generalization.
On the earthquake-related damages of civil engineering structures within the areas impacted by Kahramanmaraş earthquakes
Authors: Atmaca Barbaros , Arslan Mehmet Emin , Emiroğlu Mehmet , Altunışık Ahmet Can , Adanur Süleyman , Demir Aydın , Günaydın Murat , Kırtel Osman , Tatar Tuba , Kahya Volkan , Sunca Fezayil , Okur Fatih Yesevi , Hacıefendioğlu Kemal , Dok Gökhan , Öztürk Hakan , Vural İsa , Güleş Osman , Genç Ali Fuat , Demirkaya Eren , Yurdakul Muhammet , Nas Murat , Akbulut Yunus Emrahan , Baltacı Alihan , Temel Bayram Ali , Başağa Hasan Basri , Sarıbıyık Ali , Şen Furkan , Aykanat Batuhan , Öztürk İrfan  Şehrullah , Navdar Muhammet Burhan , Aydın Ferhat , Öntürk Kurban , Utkucu Murat , Akgül Tahir
Published: July 2023

Two major earthquakes occurred on the Eastern Anatolian Fault Line (EAF) on February 6, 2023, with an interval of nine hours. These earthquakes, measuring Mw 7.7 and Mw 7.6, were centered in the districts of Pazarcık and Elbistan in the province of Kahramanmaraş. They directly affected 11 provinces (Kahramanmaraş, Hatay, Adıyaman, Osmaniye, Gaziantep, Şanlıurfa, Malatya, Diyarbakır, Adana, Kilis, and Elazığ) in the Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia, caused significant loss of life and property. This study aims to present the field investigation and performance evaluation of engineering structures in the mentioned cities. The types of damages occurring in the reinforced concrete (RC) and masonry buildings, historical and industrial structures, bridges, and mosques were given in detail. According to the data of the Ministry of Treasury and Finance of Türkiye, it has been reported that the cost of these earthquakes is approximately 103.6 billion dollars, which corresponds to nine percent of Türkiye's national income expectation for 2023 and causes damage and losses of approximately six times more than the 1999 Marmara earthquake. In the areas affected by earthquakes, many of the errors determined by professionals from previous earthquakes still exist today.
Reuse of agrowastes for dewatering enhancement of sewer sediments for brick production
Authors: Huan Nguyen Xuan , Thanh Huyen Dang Thi , Ngoc Lan Pham Thi , Anh Tran Thuy , Huyen Nga Tran Thi , Quyen Hoang Duc , Thuy Pham Thi , Khai Nguyen Manh
Published: July 2023

With the increasing wastewater generation from domestic and industrial activities due to the rapid economic development, the generation of sludge, in particular dredged sludge from municipal sewer system, has been an issue in developing countries. This study evaluated the enhancement of sewer’s sludge dewatering via mixingthe sludgewith different agro-wastes, including corn core powder, rice husk powder, bagasse powder and peanut shell powder. The addition of these agro-waste powders helped decrease the sludge’s moisture contents up to 17% while increase the organic matters nearly to 40% after mixing with the ratio of agro-wastes and sludge of 1:3. Statistical analysis revealed the impacts of both additive types and mixing ratio on moisture content reduction. Among the four types of agro-waste, rice husk was shown to be the best additive to dredged sludges with highest reduction of heavy metal concentration and moisture content. The addition of agro-waste powders to enhance the dewatering of sludges is promising in the context of promoting waste reuse and energy saving.
Managing the User Crowds: An Effectual Approach of Business Model Innovation and Platform Envelopment for Co-Creation on a New Multi-Sided Platform Firm
Authors: Santoso Adhi Setyo
Published: July 2023

The growth of Internet firms these days starts to catch the strategic management scholar attention. However, the study about how Internet platform achieves their performance with their unique business model is very limited. This research wants to fill this gap by platform envelopment attack typology to explain the strategic fit of business model innovation typology and envelopment attack typology. Finally, we proposed the same proposition as follows: Closed Proactive BMI Typology will lead to Complementary Envelopment Attacks Typology, Open Reactive BMI Typology will lead to Functional Unrelated envelopment attacks typology, and Open Proactive BMI Typology will lead to Weak Substitute envelopment attacks typology. Furthermore, economies of scope and user base overlap play a significant role in determining platform envelopment performance.
Substance use disorder and associated factors at an opioid de-addiction clinic in Western Kenya
Authors: Okumu Mitchel Otieno , Oluoch Lorren Odhiambo , Onyango Mary Atieno , Okoth Molly Elsa , Patel Minal Naran , Ochola Francis Okumu , Onono Joshua Orungo
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Opioid substitution therapy with methadone is at the heart of substance use disorder intervention at the Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital's medication-assisted therapy (MAT) clinic (JOOTRH). However, little is known about the factors linked to substance use disorders and the substances used by clinic patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the factors associated with substance use disorders and the substances used by MAT-JOOTRH clinic patients.

METHODS: Between November 2018 and May 2019, data from 61 patients were collected using questionnaires and summarised using descriptive statistics.

RESULTS: Participants were mostly men (92%), between the ages of 31 and 40 (51%), married (48%), employed (71%), living with their nuclear family (49%), and had at least a primary school education (49%). Their average age was 32, 87% had used drugs for more than ten years, and 52% lived in an informal settlement. Cannabis (89%) and heroin (86.9%) were the most commonly used drugs. The main factors associated with first-time substance use were peer pressure (67%), role models (66%), and the environment (46%). The main reasons for regular substance use were withdrawal symptoms (75%), enjoyment (71%), peer pressure (69%), and role models (66%). CONCLUSIONS: According to these findings, peer pressure and withdrawal symptoms may be the primary triggers of substance use disorders in the study area. Young male members of society, particularly those from informal settlements, appear to be the most vulnerable to substance use disorder. Future substance use disorder interventions in the study area should target young male members of society from informal settlements.
Misuses and side effects of steroids derivatives
Authors: Aljubori Nemah
Published: July 2023

The term Steroid, denotes any of a class of natural or synthetic organic compounds characterized by a molecular structure of 17 carbon atoms arranged in four rings. Steroids are important in biology, chemistry, and medicine. They are classified into two major categories; the catabolic and the anabolic steroids. The catabolic steroids include corticosterone cortisone and aldosterone. The maincorticosteroids produced by the adrenal cortex are cortisol and aldosterone
الرشوة وأثرها على المجتمع الإسلامي
Authors: محمود آلاء وليد
Published: July 2023

بسم الله والصلاة والسلام على رسول الله r أما بعد: فخلاصة ما توصلت إليه من خلال إعداد هذا البحث:
   إن مفهوم الرشوة: هي أحد الظواهر السيئة في المجتمع, وهي عبارة عن قيام شخص ما بتقديم بعض الأموال مقابل أخذ حق ليس له, أو ليتم استبعاده من أحد المهام التي لا يرغب في عملها.
   ومسألة حكم الرشوة: الرِّشْوَةُ الْمُحَرَّمَةُ بِالْإِجْمَاعِ, ولَا تَحِلُّ الرِّشْوَةُ: وَهِيَ مَا أَعْطَاهُ الْمَرْءُ لِيُحْكَمَ لَهُ بِبَاطِلٍ، أَوْ لِيُوَلِّيَ وِلَايَةً، أَوْ لِيُظْلَمَ لَهُ إنْسَانٌ - فَهَذَا يَأْثَمُ الْمُعْطِي وَالْآخِذُ.
   وللرِّشْوَةُ أقسام: قسم مِنْهَا مَا هُوَ حَرَامٌ عَلَى الْآخِذِ وَالْمُعْطِي, وقسم منها أَخْذُ الْمَالِ لِيُسَوِّيَ أَمْرَهُ عِنْدَ السُّلْطَانِ, وقسم آخر مَا يَدْفَعُ لِدَفْعِ الْخَوْفِ مِنْ الْمَدْفُوعِ إلَيْهِ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ أَوْ مَالِهِ.
   وإن مضار الرشوة كثيرة منها: تتفاوت بتفاوت موضوعها واختلاف درجات طرفيها.
   ومن مفاسد الرشوة عديدة منها: تعطيل الأعمال بغية بذل الرشوة, وأيضاً يترتب عليه كساد العمل في البلدة وقلة الإنتاج والمضرة على المجتمع بكامله.
Survei Jentik Aedes Sp, Pengetahuan dan Perilaku 3M Plus Masyarakat di Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Veronika Erna , Simatupang Meithyra Melviana , Irfandi Ahmad , Nitami Mayumi
Published: July 2023

Background of Study: Dengue hemorrhagic fever is caused by the dengue virus which is carried by the Aedes sp mosquito as a vector. Environmental conditions and community behaviour are the factors that influence the spread of this infection. Therefore, the efforts to control DHF in the community are carried out with the movement to eradicate mosquito nests through the 3M Plus program. In 2020, West Java Province recorded the highest cases of DHF in Indonesia, so it was catagorized as red zone and became the dengue endemic area. This study aimed to describe the presence larvae of Aedes sp, the community's knowledge dan behaviour about 3M Plus in West Java ProvinceMethods: This descriptive study used a cross sectional design, conducted in West Java Province in 2020. The sample of this study as many as 136 households and was selected using purposive sampling technique.Results: The results showed that 77.2% of the community's knowledge level of 3M plus was catagorized as good, 51.5% of the people implemented 3M Plus, and no mosquito larvae were found in 72.8% of the respondents' housesConclusion: The majority of the community had good knowledge and had implemented the 3M Plus program with results showing that in most of the community's homes no larvae were found. It is suggested to the community to regularly monitor larvae around their homes.Keywords: Dengue fever; Larva survey; 3M plus; Water container
Method of recurrent truncated-positional coding video segments in uneven diagonal space
Authors: Barannik Vladimir , Shulgin Sergii , Kozlovskyi Valerii , Onyshchenko Roman , Belikova Tatyana , Ihnatiev Oleksandr , Khlopiachyi Viacheslav
Published: July 2023

The subject of research in this article is methods of encoding transformed video segments to reduce their bit volume without loss of information integrity.  The goal is to develop a technology for coding uneven diagonal sequences under the conditions of their arbitrary positioning in the transformant. Task: to justify the approach of creating new methods of encoding video segments, considering the features of the combinatorial configuration of transformants; to create a method of formatting the coordinate system of spectral components in an uneven diagonal direction; to develop a method of encoding non-uniform diagonal sequences in a two-dimensional spectral space; to build a technology for recurrent realization of the process of sliding truncated-positional coding of uneven-diagonal sequences. The methods used are: mathematical models for estimating the number of structural-combinatorial and psychovisual-combinatorial redundancies in an uneven-diagonal spectral space; methods of positional coding. The following results were obtained. Potential advantages of considering the combinatorial configuration of the transformant based on its reformatting according to the non-uniform diagonal structure are substantiated. The technology of recurrent truncated positional coding of video segments in non-uniform diagonal space has been developed. It is based on two technological components. These include: the first component - a pyramidal system of positioning diagonals and their component in the transformant is created. The second component - a method of recurrent implementation of truncated-positional coding of uneven-diagonal sequences, is constructed. Such coding is organized regardless of the positioning of the diagonals in the two-dimensional spectral space of the transformant. Comparative evaluation revealed the advantages of the created method over standardized transformant coding methods. The advantage is achieved by the level of bit volume reduction and reaches an average of 15-30 %. Conclusions. For the first time, a method for establishing the coordinates of the components in the diagonals was developed. It is based on considering the features of the structural configuration of the transformant. This creates conditions for reducing time delays for processing video segments. For the first time, a method for recurrent coding of diagonals based on truncated-positional systems was created. This makes it possible to avoid the cases of the violation of the conditions of mutually unambiguous code conversion.
The state of Palestine, the statelessness of Palestinians
Authors: Hajro Sindi
Published: July 2023

Imagine for a moment, your childhood home, the home you grew up in and your favorite activities within it, perhaps playing in the backyard, or learning a new recipe in the kitchen. Now imagine a powerful authority has moved in and taken up residence forcefully. This authority controls where you can and cannot go inside your own home and now, the places you once played in, are merely memories. This is the case for millions of Palestinians in their homeland. May 15th of 1948 commemorates Al-Nakba, marking the beginning of Israelâ€™s occupation of Palestine. By exploring the historical context of the Israel-Palestine conflict, this major research paper examines how Israelâ€™s continued denial of Palestinian statehood has rendered Palestinians stateless, and what implications this poses for Palestinian refugees in the context of migration and settlement. In doing so, this paper also addresses the current efforts put forth by Israel for further annexation of Palestinian territory.

Key Words: Al-Nakba, Occupation Statelessness, Refugee, Annexation.
Surviving, but not thriving? Lives of immigrants in the platform economy
Authors: Lam Laura
Published: July 2023

In recent years, various forms of gig and platform work are becoming increasingly prevalent. In general, little is known about the demographics of workers in the gig economy and more specifically, the platform economy, and why they chose to pursue it.

This research is a qualitative study using in-depth semi-structured interviews to understand the decision-making processes that immigrants go through when deciding to engage in the platform economy. This study aims to uncover the antecedents and consequences of immigrants working in the platform economy. The findings indicate that the challenges of the Canadian labour market pushed immigrants into platform work â€“ these challenges brought out the attractiveness of the platform economy. Immigrants viewed platform work as transitionary in nature, a necessary step to achieve greater financial stability and skills-appropriate employment.

Keywords: platform economy, gig economy, immigrants, precarious employment, technology, on-demand economy, labour mobility
Statelessness in Canada: socio-political exclusion and the negation of 'stateless persons' human rights
Authors: Moore Lauren Hannah
Published: July 2023

Given their lack of recognised citizenship and their inability to obtain travel and identification Â documentation, stateless persons are at high risk for both social and political exclusion. Â Consequentially, stateless people experience human rights violations in the forms of; the inability Â to move freely, the use of arbitrary detention, and the denial of access to services that grant Â fundamental rights outlined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948). Canada does Â not currently have a stateless determination process for identifying statelessness within its law, an Â issue that likely reinforces why statelessness is a highly under-researched issue within Canadian Â academia. This body of work provides an overview of the current state of affairs in Canadian literature, in the form of a literature review. By outlining gaps within Canadian academia, this Â paper provides recommendations for areas of additional research. Doing so ultimately highlights the importance of ensuring all persons are afforded citizenship rights.

Keywords: Statelessness, Canada, Citizenship, Human Rights, International Obligation, State Sovereignty, Â Securitization, Immigration Detention, International Human Rights Law.Â 
Threats from Within and Threats from Without: Wet’suwet’en Protesters, Irregular Asylum Seekers and the On-Going Reproduction of Settler Colonialism in Canada
Authors: Perzyna Magdalena
Published: July 2023

This essay seeks to address the'immigrant-Aboriginal parallax gap' by considering the ways in which the popular media frames Indigenous protesters and irregular asylum seekers. Using the work of previous studies of Oka/Kanasatake, Ipperwash and Caledonia and the irregular boat arrivals of Fujian and Tamil asylum seekers, it identifies similarities in the ways that each group was racialized, criminalized, delegitimized and constructed as the 'Other' in the popular media. Employing the theoretical frameworks of settler colonialism and securitization theory, it goes on to examine whether the same frames persist in contemporary representations using the case studies of Wet’suwet’en protesters and irregular asylum seekers crossing the border at Roxham Road. A comparative discourse analysis finds that the media continues to frame Indigenous protesters and irregular asylum seekers as threats to the 'rule of law' and the 'common good',

reconstituting acts that are fundamentally rights affirming --including the right to peaceful protest and the right to claim asylum-- into threats to Canada's sovereignty, thus necessiating state action.
Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk Organik Kompos dan Phonska Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: Extrada Lody Bintang , Supriyono Supriyono , Samudi Samudi
Published: July 2023

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is a type of vegetable from the cucurbit family (Cucurbitaceae) that is already popular all over the world. According to history, cucumber plants originated on the Asian continent. Some sources mention the area of origin of cucumber crops is North Asia.  This research has been carried out from January to March 2022 at the Green ccHouse located in Slumbung Hamlet RT. 02 / RW. 22 Village. Slumbung Kec. Ngadiluwih Kab. Kediri. The type of soil in this place is sandy loam.This study used a complete randomized design (RAL) with 2 factors. Factor 1 is the influence of the dose of compost from 3 levels and factor 2 is the influence of the dose of phonska fertilizer from 3 levels so that 9 treatments are repeated 3 times, Factor I. Dose of compost organic fertilizer consists of 3 levels, namely: K1 = 5 tons / Ha, K2 = 10 tons / Ha, K3 = 15 tons / Ha, Factor II. The dose of NPK phonska fertilizer consists of 3 levels, namely: P1 = 100 gr / Ha, P2 = 200 gr Ha, P3 = 300 gr / Ha . The observational data were analyzed using a variance analysis (F test) at a level of 5%. If there is an interaction, it is continued with the 5% BNT test, to find out the difference between treatments. The results showed that the combination of treatment of compost doses and doses of NPK phonka fertilizer showed a noticeable difference in plant height, number of fruits and fruit weight in cucumber plants. In a single treatment, the dose of compost did not show any effect on all observation variables. However, the K1 treatment at a dose of 180 gr / plant became the optimal treatment on the variables of the number of leaves stem diameter, fruit weight, and fruit length. However, in the variable plant height and the number of fruits the best treatment in K2 at a dose of 360 gr / plant. The second factor in the treatment of doses of NPK phonska fertilizer has no influence on the growth and yield of cucumber plants. However, in mite treatment such as npk dose phoska P2 with a dose of 7.2gr / plant became the optimal treatment in this study on plant growth variables that followed the length of the plant, the number of leaves and the diameter of the stem. Meanwhile, the yield variables which include the number of fruits, fruit weight and fruit length of the NPK phonska treatment at a dose of 10.8gr / plant is the best treatment.
A Magyar Pedagógiai Társaság Szakképzési Kollégiuma által szervezett ”Beszélgetések a szakképzésről”
Authors: Schindler Rózsa
Published: July 2023

2023-as évindító a duális szakképzés megvalósításában jelentős szerepet vállaló, a szakképzés együttműködési rendszerének egyik meghatározó szereplője, az Ágazati Készségtanácsoknak, mint a szakképzés tartalmi szerkezetének folyamatos fejlesztését  és korszerűsítését, a munkaerő-piaci igények és a képzési kínálat összehangolásáért felelős irányító szervezet megismerésének lehetősége adta.
Sajátos nevelési igényű hallgatók személyiségtesztje és támogatása a felsőoktatásban
Authors: Pólik Ádám
Published: July 2023

Az írás a 2022. év őszén a Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem (BME) Gazdaságtudományi Karának Tudományos Diákköri Konferenciájára (TDK) készített dolgozat alapján készült. A szerző a BME sajátos nevelési igényű hallgatóinak mikrovizsgálata során vállalkozott személyiségük, helyzetük és nehézségeik elemzésére az oktatási rendszerben.
Jó gyakorlatok a digitalizáció hazájából Észtországból
Authors: Malatyinszki Szilárd
Published: July 2023

Mapping Digital Methods Applied in Adult Education in Partnership címmel Erasmus+ pályázaton vesz részt a Békés Vármegyei Kormányhivatal koordinálásában a Kodolányi János Egyetem, a Gál Ferenc Egyetem Magyarországról, az észt EFCC Estonian Fieldbus Competency Centre OÜ és Tallinna Polütehnikum, a német Volkshochschule im Bildungsforum Potsdam, a romániai AJOFM Covasna és a spanyol Universidad De Valladolid. A program fő céljaként a partnerszervezetek az egymástól való tanulás útján bővítsék a felnőttek digitális kompetenciáinak és digitális tudatosságának fejlesztésében alkalmazott módszereik eszköztárát.
Çanakkale İlinde Zeytin Sineği (Bactrocera oleae (Gmelin) Diptera; Tephritidae)’nin Kışlama Durumu ve Mevsimsel Uçuşu
Authors: ÖZPINAR Ali , ÇAM Talha
Published: July 2023

Zeytin sineği (Bactrocera oleae (Gmelin) Diptera: Tephritidae)’nin kışlama durumu ve ergin uçuşu, Çanakkale ilinde; Merkez (Yenimahalle, Dardanos ve Işıklar köyü) ve Ezine (Geyikli 1 ve 2) ilçelerinde 5 zeytin bahçesinde 02.05.2020-02.04.2022 tarihlerinde incelenmiştir. Her bahçedeki bir ağacın dalına besin cezbedici (50 mg (1,7)-Dioxaspiro (5,5) undecane + 70 g Carbonic acid/ Disp.) + sarı yapışkan tuzak asılmış ve örnekleme süresince tuzaklara yakalanan Zeytin sineği erginleri haftalık sayılarak erkek ve dişi olarak kaydedilmiştir. Ayrıca iklim odasında saksıda 5, 10 ve 15 cm toprak derinliklerinde B. oleae’nın pupalarından ergin çıkışı incelenerek kışlama durumu değerlendirilmiştir. Örnekleme süresince 5 bahçedeki tuzaklara B. oleae erginleri aralıksız olarak yakalanmış olup, 1156 erkek ve 1936 dişi olmak üzere toplam 3092 ergin sayılmıştır. Tuzaklara mayıs ve temmuz aylarında sınırlı sayıda ergin kaydedilmiş ve yağışla birlikte eylül ayında ergin sayısı artmış; ekim, aralık, ocak-şubat aylarında tuzaklara yüksek sayıda ergin yakalanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, 2020 ve 2021 yılı kış aylarında Zeytin sineği ergin uçuşu devam etmiş, yıllara göre ergin popülasyon yoğunluğu değişmekle birlikte 4-5 tepe noktası meydana gelmiştir. Toprak derinliğiyle ters orantılı olarak 5 , 10 ve 15 cm pupa derinliğinde sırasıyla %75,5, 1 %62.63 ve %41.7 oranında ergin çıkışı gerçekleşmiştir
Comparison of Loudness Discomfort Level by the Testing Method in Adults With Normal Hearing and in Patients With Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Jang Dong Hyuk , Choi Jung Ho , Jeon Seung Yeon , Kim Kyung Mi , Kim Dong Hyun , Han Sol , Park Ji Hye , Park Ka Young , Choi Hyo Jung , Shim Hyun Joon , An Yong-Hwi
Published: July 2023

Background and Objectives There are several variations in the technique for measuring loudness discomfort levels (LDL). The aim of this study was to evaluate LDL by measuring pure tone and narrow-band noise (NBN) in adults with normal hearing and in patients with sensorineural hearing loss, and to analyze the correlation of LDL at different frequencies.Subjects and Method Normal listeners (n=41) with the pure tone average of 12 dB HL and patients with hearing loss (n=42) with the pure tone average of 52 dB HL were studied from 2021 to 2022. Pure tone audiometry and LDL test by pure tone and NBN were performed twice in all participants at 250, 500, 1 k, 2 k, 3 k, 4 k, and 8 kHz.Results The LDL test showed some inter-subject variability with the mean being 107.0±9.4 dB, 106.0±11.6 dB by pure tone, and 100.1±6.8 dB, 100.4±6.7 dB by NBN (right and left ear, respectively) in the normal hearing group. There were no significant differences between LDL average by pure tone or NBN between two groups. Two serial tests showed high test-retest reliability. There was no difference in LDL between the two groups at each frequency, except for LDL by pure tone at 8 kHz in the left ear. High correlation of LDL was observed between different frequencies, except between 8 kHz and the other frequencies.Conclusion LDL by pure tone and NBN were consistent with or without hearing loss. High correlation of LDL between different frequencies were shown except at 8 kHz. It might be sufficient to measure LDL once by pure tone only, including 8 kHz.
“Double-Edged Sword” Effect of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Tumor Development and Carcinogenesis
Authors: Zhao W , Zhuang P , Chen Y , Wu Y , Zhong M , Lun Y
Published: July 2023

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are small reactive molecules produced by cellular metabolism and regulate various physiological and pathological functions. Many studies have shown that ROS plays an essential role in the proliferation and inhibition of tumor cells. Different concentrations of ROS can have a “double-edged sword” effect on the occurrence and development of tumors. A certain concentration of ROS can activate growth-promoting signals, enhance the proliferation and invasion of tumor cells, and cause damage to biomacromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids. However, ROS can enhance the body's antitumor signal at higher levels by initiating oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and autophagy in tumor cells. This review analyzes ROS's unique bidirectional regulation mechanism on tumor cells, focusing on the key signaling pathways and regulatory factors that ROS affect the occurrence and development of tumors and providing ideas for an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of ROS action and its clinical application.
Autonomic Modulation, Spontaneous Baroreflex Sensitivity and Fatigue in Young Men After COVID-19
Authors: Latchman P , Yang Q , Morgenthaler D , Kong L , Sebagisha J , Melendez L , Green C , Bernard S , Mugno R , De Meersman R
Published: July 2023

Impaired autonomic modulation and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) have been reported during and after COVID-19. Both impairments are associated with negative cardiovascular outcomes. If these impairments were to exist undetected in young men after COVID-19, they could lead to negative cardiovascular outcomes. Fatigue is associated with autonomic dysfunction during and after COVID-19. It is unclear if fatigue can be used as an indicator of impaired autonomic modulation and BRS after COVID-19. This study aims to compare parasympathetic modulation, sympathetic modulation, and BRS between young men who had COVID-19 versus controls and to determine if fatigue is associated with impaired autonomic modulation and BRS. Parasympathetic modulation as the high-frequency power of R-R intervals (lnHFR-R), sympathetic modulation as the low-frequency power of systolic blood pressure variability (LFSBP), and BRS as the -index were measured by power spectral density analysis. These variables were compared between 20 young men who had COVID-19 and 24 controls. Independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests indicated no significant difference between the COVID-19 and the control group in: lnHFR-R, P=0.20; LFSBP, P=0.11, and -index, P=0.20. Fatigue was not associated with impaired autonomic modulation or BRS. There is no difference in autonomic modulations or BRS between young men who had COVID-19 compared to controls. Fatigue did not seem to be associated with impaired autonomic modulation or impaired BRS in young men after COVID-19. Findings suggest that young men might not be at increased cardiovascular risk from COVID-19-related dysautonomia and impaired BRS.
Hernia traumática de pared abdominal asociada a fascitis necrotizante. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Vera-Portilla Angel F. , Vera-Portilla Walter , Quispe Pedro , Valdivia Kevin
Published: July 2023

La Hernia Traumática de Pared Abdominal (HTPA) es secundaria al Traumatismo Abdominal Cerrado (TAbC). Definida como una hernia a través del defecto musculofacial, sin penetración de piel y sin evidencia de hernia previa. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 48 años que sufre un accidente de tránsito, diagnosticado de HTPA y fascitis de pared, mediante tomografía, que a pesar del tratamiento quirúrgico, fallece. La HTPA es rara, es la forma más grave se lesión de pared abdominal, y se encuentra asociada a Lesiones Intra Abdominales (LIA). El diagnóstico puede ser difícil, siento el estudio imagenológico más útil, la tomografía. El manejo generalmente implica una intervención quirúrgica urgente para resolver las LIA; sin embargo, el tratamiento y cierre del defecto deben adaptarse a cada paciente y a las circunstancias.
Establecimiento de la infección con Wolbachia en los mosquitos Aedes aegypti de Bello, Medellín e Itagüí (Colombia), y su impacto en el control de la transmisión del dengue y otros arbovirus
Authors: Vélez-Bernal Iván Darío
Published: July 2023

En las ciudades de Bello, Medellín e Itagüí, localizadas en el Valle del Aburrá, la liberación controlada durante 20 semanas de mosquitos Aedes aegypti criados en el laboratorio e infectados con la bacteria Wolbachia logró el establecimiento de esta bacteria en la mayoría de las poblaciones locales de este mosquito, lo que ha llevado al control de la transmisión de dengue, medida por series de tiempo antes y después de las liberaciones y con un estudio caso-control, y que estas ciudades presenten el menor número de casos desde el 2001, año en que se inició la notificación obligatoria de casos.
Pembuatan Peta Sebaran Penyakit melalui Workshop Sistem Informasi Geografis
Authors: Syukri Muhammad , Halim Rd. , Wardiah Rizalia
Published: July 2023

The problem that often arises and is commonly found in the implementation of health planning at the health office is that the health planning system is still less effective in covering the needs and problems related to the health of the local community. The purpose of this Community Service (PKM) activity is to increase knowledge and skills in making disease distribution maps using the Quantum GIS application as one of the tools for making health plans. The training method is carried out by simulation and direct practice. The participants of this training were as many as 16 staff of Disease Control and Eradication the Jambi Provincial Health Office (P2P). Evaluation of activities using a pre-posttest questionnaire. The knowledge of P2P officers before training was dominantly lacking (43.8%) and after training the knowledge became dominantly good (75%). The results of this activity were obtained by increasing the knowledge and skills of P2P officers in making disease distribution maps using the QGIS application.
Neurotrophin-4 promotes the specification of trophectoderm lineage after parthenogenetic activation and enhances porcine early embryonic development
Authors: Kim Mirae , Lee Joohyeong , Cai Lian , Choi Hyerin , Oh Dongjin , Jawad Ali , Hyun Sang-Hwan
Published: July 2023

Neurotrophin-4 (NT-4), a neurotrophic factor, appears to affect early embryonic development because it is secreted not only by neurons but also by oviductal and uterine epithelial cells. However, no studies have characterized the effects of NT-4 on early embryonic development in pigs. In this study, we applied the experimental model of parthenogenetic-activation (PA)-derived embryos. Herein, we investigated the effect of NT-4 supplementation during the in vitro culture (IVC) of embryos, analyzed the transcription levels of specific genes, and outlined the first cell lineage specification for porcine PA-derived blastocysts. We confirmed that NT-4 and its receptor proteins were localized in both the inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) in porcine blastocysts. Across different concentrations (0, 1, 10, and 100 ng/mL) of NT-4 supplementation, the optimal concentration of NT-4 to improve the developmental competence of porcine parthenotes was 10 ng/mL. NT-4 supplementation during porcine IVC significantly (p < 0.05) increased the proportion of TE cells by inducing the transcription of TE lineage markers (CDX2, PPAG3, and GATA3 transcripts). NT-4 also reduced blastocyst apoptosis by regulating the transcription of apoptosis-related genes (BAX and BCL2L1 transcripts) and improved blastocyst quality via the interaction of neurotrophin-, Hippo-yes-associated protein (Hippo-YAP) and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) pathway. Additionally, NT-4 supplementation during IVC significantly (p < 0.05) increased YAP1 transcript levels and significantly (p < 0.01) decreased LATS2 transcript levels, respectively, in the porcine PA-derived blastocysts. We also confirmed through fluorescence intensity that the YAP1 protein was significantly (p < 0.001) increased in the NT-4-treated blastocysts compared with that in the control. NT-4 also promoted differentiation into the TE lineage rather than into the ICM lineage during porcine early embryonic development. In conclusion, 10 ng/mL NT-4 supplementation enhanced blastocyst quality by regulating the apoptosis- and TE lineage specification-related genes and interacting with neurotrophin-, Hippo-YAP-, and MAPK/ERK signaling pathway during porcine in vitro embryo development.
Biosurfactant from Nile Papyrus endophyte with potential antibiofilm activity against global clones of Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Amer Mai A. , Wasfi Reham , Hamed Samira M.
Published: July 2023

Acinetobacter baumannii is a leading cause of biofilm-associated infections, particularly catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) that are mostly recalcitrant to antimicrobial therapy. One approach to reducing the burden of CRBSIs is inhibiting biofilm formation on catheters. Owing to their prodigious microbial diversity, bacterial endophytes might be a valuable source of biosurfactants, which are known for their great capacity to disperse microbial biofilms. With this in mind, our study aimed to screen bacterial endophytes from plants growing on the banks of the River Nile for the production of powerful biosurfactants capable of reducing the ability of A. baumannii to form biofilms on central venous catheters (CVCs). This was tested on multidrug- and extensive drug-resistant (M/XDR) clinical isolates of A. baumannii that belong to high-risk global clones and on a standard strain of A. baumannii ATCC 19606. The drop collapse and oil dispersion assays were employed in screening the cell-free supernatants (CFS) of all endophytes for biosurfactant activity. Of the 44 bacterial endophytes recovered from 10 plants, the CFS of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Cp24, isolated from Cyperus papyrus, showed the highest biosurfactant activity. The crude biosurfactant extract of Cp24 showed potent antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 0.78 to 1.56 mg/ml. It also showed significant antibiofilm activity (p-value<0.01). Sub-MICs of the extract could reduce biofilm formation by up to 89.59%, while up to 87.3% of the preformed biofilms were eradicated by the MIC. A significant reduction in biofilm formation on CVCs impregnated with sub-MIC of the extract was demonstrated by CV assay and further confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. This was associated with three log10 reductions in adhered bacteria in the viable count assay. GC-MS analysis of the crude biosurfactant extract revealed the presence of several compounds, such as saturated, unsaturated, and epoxy fatty acids, cyclopeptides, and 3-Benzyl-hexahydro-pyrrolo [1, 2-a] pyrazine-1,4-dione, potentially implicated in the potent biosurfactant and antibiofilm activities. In the present study, we report the isolation of a B. amyloliquefaciens endophyte from the plant C. papyrus that produces a biosurfactant with potent antibiofilm activity against MDR/XDR global clones of A. baumannii. The impregnation of CVCs with the biosurfactant was demonstrated to reduce biofilms and, hence, proposed as a potential strategy for reducing CRBSIs.
Unravelling potential biomarkers for acute and chronic brucellosis through proteomic and bioinformatic approaches
Authors: Yang Yuejie , Qiao Kunyan , Yu Youren , Zong Yanmei , Liu Chang , Li Ying
Published: July 2023

Introduction

This study aimed to identify biomarkers for acute and chronic brucellosis using advanced proteomic and bioinformatic methods.

Methods

Blood samples from individuals with acute brucellosis, chronic brucellosis, and healthy controls were analyzed. Proteomic techniques and differential expression analysis were used to identify differentially expressed proteins. Co-expression modules associated with brucellosis traits were identified using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA).

Results

763 differentially expressed proteins were identified, and two co-expression modules were found to be significantly associated with brucellosis traits. 25 proteins were differentially expressed in all three comparisons, and 20 hub proteins were identified. Nine proteins were found to be both differentially expressed and hub proteins, indicating their potential significance. A random forest model based on these nine proteins showed good classification performance.

Discussion

The identified proteins are involved in processes such as inflammation, coagulation, extracellular matrix regulation, and immune response. They provide insights into potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers for brucellosis. This study improves our understanding of brucellosis at the molecular level and paves the way for further research in targeted therapies and diagnostics.
Renal perfusion improvement in the perioperative period after unilateral endovascular revascularization in patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis
Authors: Xu Leyin , Shao Jiang , Li Kang , Wang Chaonan , Lai Zhichao , Ma Jiangyu , Yu Xiaoxi , Du Fenghe , Chen Junye , Liu Xiaolong , Yuan Jinghui , Liu Bao , Wang Chunyang
Published: July 2023

Background

The clinical benefits of endovascular treatment in renal artery stenosis (RAS) remain controversial. This study used an intraoperative renal perfusion imaging technique, called flat-panel detector parenchymal blood volume imaging (FD-PBV), to observe the change in renal perfusion after endovascular treatment in RAS.

Materials and methods

In a prospective, single-center study, we assigned 30 patients with atherosclerotic RAS who underwent endovascular treatment between March 2016 and March 2021. The preoperative and postoperative results of renal perfusion, blood pressure, and renal function, were compared.

Results

Both median kidney volume (p < 0.001) and median preoperative mean density of contrast medium (MDCM) (p = 0.028) increased significantly after endovascular treatment. The ratio of postoperative and preoperative MDCM differed greatly among the patients. For patients with preoperative MDCM <304.0 HU (Subgroup A, 15 cases), MDCM significantly increased after treatment (p = 0.001) and 12 (80.0%) patients had more than 10% increase in renal perfusion. For patients who had relatively high preoperative renal perfusion (MDCM ≥304.0 HU, Subgroup B, 15 cases), preoperative and postoperative MDCM were similar (p = 0.776). On the other hand, the serum creatinine levels significantly decreased in Subgroup A (p = 0.033) and fewer antihypertensive drugs were used after endovascular revascularization (p = 0.041). The preoperative and postoperative creatinine levels and number of antihypertensive drugs were similar in Subgroup B.

Conclusions

During the perioperative period, RAS patients with relatively low preoperative renal perfusion levels had greater improvement in renal perfusion, renal function, and blood pressure control after endovascular treatment. The improvement of renal function needs to be confirmed by long-term follow-up.
A self-controlled, cross-over study of intensive insulin treatment with needle-based injection versus needle-free injection in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Wu Quanying , Deng Mingqun , Wang Weihao , Yu Shuyi , Wang Miao , Sun Chao , Pan Qi , Guo Lixin
Published: July 2023

Background and Aims

Needle injection and needle-free injection were proven effective in improving glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. However, it is unclear if needle-free and needle injections of insulin during intensive insulin therapy in hospitalized patients provide similar efficacy and safety benefits.

Methods

A self-controlled cross-over study was conducted on 62 patients with T2DM who received intensive long-acting and short-acting insulin injections with or without needles. The 7-point blood glucose test was performed on the 6th day after insulin administration and the injection method switched on the 7th day of hospitalization. The difference was compared in 7-point blood glucose levels.

Results

The blood glucose levels at fasting (mean difference=-1.09 ± 2.38mmol/L, 95% CI, -1.69 to -0.48, p=0.0007) and post-breakfast (-1.14 ± 3.02mmol/L, 95%CI, -1.91 to -0.37, p=0.004) were better when patients were receiving needle-free injections compared to when receiving a needle injection. Indeed, daily blood glucose fluctuation, which presented as the area under the curve of glycemia, was decreased in needle-free injection periods (-0.3.48 ± 9.64, 95%CI, -5.95 to -1.01, p=0.0065). There was no significant difference in the dose of long-acting insulin between the two injection methods (-0.32 ± 2.69, 95%CI, -0.99 to 0.37, p>0.05). The dose of fast-acting insulin during the needle-free period was lower than that of when patients received needle injections (-1.66 ± 6.45, 95%CI, -3.29 to -0.025, p<0.05). There was no significant difference in satisfaction between the two regimens (-0.59 ± 1.55,95%CI, -0.938 to 0.509, p=0.557), but there was a significant difference in pain experience, favoring needle-free injections (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Glycemia was better controlled by needle-free insulin injections in hospitalized T2DM patients subjected to intensive glycemic control. These patients also experienced less pain than when insulin was injected with a needle.
Pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma-associated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Szatko Alicja , Glinicki Piotr , Gietka-Czernel Małgorzata
Published: July 2023

Pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL) are neuroendocrine tumors that frequently produce and release catecholamines. Catecholamine excess can manifest in several cardiovascular syndromes, including cardiomyopathy. PPGL-induced cardiomyopathies occur in up to 11% of cases and are most often associated with an adrenal pheochromocytoma (90%) and rarely with a paraganglioma derived from the sympathetic ganglia (10%). PPGL-associated cardiomyopathies can be chronic or acute, with takotsubo cardiomyopathy being the most often reported. These two types of PPGL-induced cardiomyopathy seem to have different pathophysiological backgrounds. Acute catecholaminergic stress inundates myocardial β-adrenoceptors and leads to left ventricle stunning and slight histological apoptosis. In chronic cardiomyopathy, prolonged catecholamine exposure leads to extended myocardial fibrosis, inflammation, and necrosis, and ultimately it causes dilated cardiomyopathy with a low ejection fraction. Sometimes, especially in cases associated with hypertension, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy can develop. The prognosis appears to be worse in chronic cases with a higher hospital mortality rate, higher cardiogenic shock rate at initial presentation, and lower left ventricular recovery rate after surgery. Therefore, establishing the correct diagnosis at an early stage of a PPGL is essential. This mini-review summarizes current data on pathophysiological pathways of cardiac damage caused by catecholamines, the clinical presentation of PPGL-induced cardiomyopathies, and discusses treatment options.
Developing high-resolution PM2.5 exposure models by integrating low-cost sensors, automated machine learning, and big human mobility data
Authors: Yu Manzhu , Zhang Shiyan , Zhang Kai , Yin Junjun , Varela Matthew , Miao Jiheng
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Traditional methods to estimate exposure to PM2.5 (particulate matter with less than 2.5 µm in diameter) have typically relied on limited regulatory monitors and do not consider human mobility and travel. However, the limited spatial coverage of regulatory monitors and the lack of consideration of mobility limit the ability to capture actual air pollution exposure.

Methods: This study aims to improve traditional exposure assessment methods for PM2.5 by incorporating the measurements from a low-cost sensor network (PurpleAir) and regulatory monitors, an automated machine learning modeling framework, and big human mobility data. We develop a monthly-aggregated hourly land use regression (LUR) model based on automated machine learning (AutoML) and assess the model performance across eight metropolitan areas within the US.

Results: Our results show that integrating low-cost sensor with regulatory monitor measurements generally improves the AutoML-LUR model accuracy and produces higher spatial variation in PM2.5 concentration maps compared to using regulatory monitor measurements alone. Feature importance analysis shows factors highly correlated with PM2.5 concentrations, including satellite aerosol optical depth, meteorological variables, vegetation, and land use. In addition, we incorporate human mobility data on exposure estimates regarding where people visit to identify spatiotemporal hotspots of places with higher risks of exposure, emphasizing the need to consider both visitor numbers and PM2.5 concentrations when developing exposure reduction strategies.

Discussion: This research provides important insights for further public health studies on air pollution by comprehensively assessing the performance of AutoML-LUR models and incorporating human mobility into considering human exposure to air pollution.