bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SAMPURAGA: PENCIPTAAN OPERA BATAK
Authors: Alamo Enrico
Published: October 2017

Opera Batak Sampuraga is a play that began from the experience of seeing the site Sampuraga Hot Spring, located in the area Sirambas Mandailing-Natal, and stories  are  told  from  mouth to  mouth  (oral  literature).  Then  rearrangement  is done regarding characterization and the occuring event by using some structures of  Indonesian  modern  theater.  As  Batak  Opera  has  some  similarities  with  the structure of Indonesian modern theater, Opera Batak Sampuraga as an object of art  creation,  experiences  a  touch  of  creativity  with  the  presence  of  various elements of art from other regions; one of them is gundala-gundala, a traditional theater  of  Karo  region.  Sampuraga  play  is  a  human  obsession  and  ambition  in reaching  their  goals,  which  requires  sacrifice,  although  it  eventually  leads  a curse.  Opera  This  play  is  presented  through  a  realism  approach  with representation  style.  The  form  of  tragedy  is  chosen  because  of  the  incident happening  to  two  human  beings;  mother  and  child.  This  creation  is  important because  Opera  Batak  Sampuraga  is  similar  to  the  pattern  and  characterization of plays in Indonesian modern theater.
SASADU ON THE SEA WACANA SENI BUDAYA DALAM FESTIVAL TELUK JAILOLO 2013
Authors: Wahyudi Eko
Published: October 2017

Sasadu On The Sea merupakan pergelaran karya tari yang diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman dan wacana baru dalam mengenal lebih dekat tentang seni budaya yang dimiliki masyarakat setempat, khususnya masyarakat Jailolo Halmahera Barat. Selain itu pergelaran karya tari ini dapat berbagi dalam memberikan inspirasi atau motivasi kepada para kreator seni (khususnya seniman tari) terhadap pentingnya sebuah festival yang berpijak pada seni dan budaya lokal, serta dapat memberi alternatif bagi masyarakat dalam mengapresiasi karya-karya seni tari tradisional kerakyatan. Peranan rumah adat Sasadu sebagai tempat dimana masyarakat Jailolo dapat menyatukan rasa persaudaraan dan kebersamaan diangkat menjadi sebuah tema dan ikon dalam karya Sasadu On The Sea. Sasadu On The Sea merupakan satu rangkaian dalam acara Festival Teluk Jailolo yang selalu diselenggarakan setiap tahun di Jailolo, Halmahera Barat.
BENTUK PENYAJIAN TARI PIRING DI DAERAH GUGUAK PARIANGAN KABUPATEN TANAH DATAR
Authors: NOFITRI MISSELIA
Published: October 2017

Tari Piring di daerah Guguak Pariangan, memiliki perbedaan jika dibandingkan dengan tari Piring di daerah lain di Minangkabau.terutama  dari segi konsep dan bentuk   penyajiannya.   Dari   segi   konsep,   tari   Piring   adalah   sebuah   paket pertunjukan  yang  di dalamnya  terdapat  properti  piring,  saputangan  dan  pisau. Tradisi tari Piring ditarikan oleh empat orang penari laki-laki dengan ketentuan dua orang menggunakan  properti piring, satu orang menggunakan  properti sapu tangan dan satu orang menggunakan pisau. Keempat penari ini menari bersama- sama  mengikuti  bunyi  musik  pengiringnya.  Alat  musik  pengiringnya  adalah gandang katindiak, talempong pacik, pupuik gadang (terbuat dari daun kelapa), dan kostum yang digunakan adalah baju milik (baju randai) , endong, sesamping sarung bugis dan destar. Pertunjukan  tari Piring ini biasanya ditampilkan  pada acara pacu jawi, dan upacara perkawinan.  Namun dalam perkembangan  zaman tari ini bisa ditampilkan kapan saja sesuai dengan permintaan.
AKSARA INCUNG KERINCI SEBAGAI SUMBER IDE PENCIPTAAN SENI KRIYA
Authors: Mubarat Husni
Published: October 2017

Aksara Incung Kerinci merupakan naskah kuno yang dipakai oleh suku Kerinci pada dahulunya sebagai wahana untuk menulis sastra, hukum adat, dan mantera- mantera  yang ditulis  pada  kulit kayu,  tanduk  kerbau,  bambu  dan daun  lontar. Aksara Incung digunakan sebagai sumber penciptaan karya. Penciptaan karya ini melalui  tiga  tahap,  yaitu  eksplorasi,   perancangan,   dan  perwujudan   melalui pencarian bentuk seni kriya yang baru, kreatif, dan inovatif, dengan tidak meninggalkan kaidah-kaidah seni rupa modern. Perwujudan karya menggunakan media kayu, serbuk kayu, logam kuningan, logam besi, dan bambu. Penciptaan karya seni kriya ini dapat menjadi media sebagai pengembangan  aksara Incung Kerinci
KESENIAN RARAK (CALEMPONG) SUDUT PANDANG FUNGSI DAN GUNA DI DESA SEBERANG TALUK KUANTAN SINGINGI RIAU
Authors: Nursyirwan Nursyirwan
Published: October 2017

Rarak merupakan ensamble musik yang dimainkan dengan formasi instrumen calempong, gondang, dan oguang. Penelitian Rarak dilakukan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi pustaka, observasi, wawancara,dan dokumentasi. Analisis pada wilayah musikal menggunakan teori fungsi, dan teori semiologi. Dalam masyarakat Kuantan Singingi, Riau,   Calempong pada kesenian Rarak memiliki peran penting dalam membawakan lagu. Rarak merupakan sebuah bangunan atas asosiasi subjektif dari kesan yang mereka tangkap pada lingkungan. Interpretasi  masyarakat  terhadap  musik  Rarak  menggiring  sebuah  kesimpulan tentang fungsi Rarak di tengah-tengah masyarakat. Fungsi-fungsi ini adalah fungsi yang bersangkutan dengan reaksi fisikal yang ditimbulkan ketika mendengar musik dan fungsi ritual sebagai bagian dari lagu mistis.
MAKNA DAN NILAI FILOSOFIS MASYARAKAT PALEMBANG YANG TERKANDUNG DALAM BENTUK DAN ARSITEKTUR RUMAH LIMAS
Authors: Dina Rizki Rahma
Published: October 2017

Artikel ini membahas mengenai nilai filosofis masyarakat Palembang yang terkandung dalam makna rumah adat Limas. Palembang memiliki bangunan arsitektur  tradisional  yang  unik  dan  khas.  Rumah  Limas  tidak  hanya  sekedar rumah yang dipakai sebagai tempat tinggal keluarga dalam membina kehidupan sehari-hari tetapi juga dalam pelaksanaan upacara dalam keluarga. Setiap simbol memiliki  makna  khusus  yang  tidak  hanya  melambangkan    fungsi  rumah  itu sendiri,  tetapi  juga  nilai-nilai  kehidupan  sosial  dalam  masyarakat  Palembang. Simbol tersebut mencerminkan falsafah serta gambaran kondisi sosial budaya masyarakat Palembang yang menjunjung tinggi sifat kebersamaan dalam bentuk gotong royong.
ANALISIS BENTUK, FUNGSI DAN MAKNA PERTUNJUKAN TEATER TANAH IBU SUTRADARA SYUHENDRI
Authors: Saaduddin Saaduddin
Published: October 2017

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan menjelaskan secara deskriptif struktur dari lakon teater Tanah Ibu, sutradara Syuhendri dari Sumatera Barat yang berguna untuk menemukan fungsi dan makna pertunjukan. Penjelasan deskriptif meliputi: pertama, yang berkaitan dengan struktur yang meliputi aspek ruang, waktu, suasana, dan alur. Kedua, fungsi dan makna dari pertunjukan teater Tanah Ibu. Berdasarkan hasil analisis terhadap data ditarik kesimpulan, bahwa fungsi dan makna teater Tanah Ibu memiliki suatu relasi terhadap kebudayaan Minangkabau yang merupakan bentuk dialektika terhadap budaya merantau.
SENI KERAJINAN BATIK BESUREK DI BENGKULU
Authors: Ranelis Ranelis , P Rahmad Washinton
Published: October 2017

Bentuk produk seni kerajinan batik besurek Bengkulu tidak hanya berfungsi untuk perlengkapan adat seperti detar, penutup jenazah, dan kain penggendong anak, namun telah digunakan untuk perlengkapan sehari-hari. seperti busana, mukenah, kain sarung, jilbab dan produk lain nya. Bentuk motif yang ada pada kerajinan batik besurek adalah bentuk motif kaligrafi, burung kuau, pohon hayat, bunga raflesia, bunga melati dan motif geometris seperti segi tumpal atau sisir bergantung, belah ketupat dan lain sebagainya. Teknik yang digunakan dalam batik besurek di Bengkulu ini adalah teknik batik tulis, cap dan batik printing. Warna pada produk batik untuk perlengkapan adat digunakan warna merah, biru dan putih, sedangkan warna untuk perlengkapan sehari-hari tidak ada ketentuan warnanya tetapi disesuaikan dengan permintaan konsumen atau selera pasar. Gaya seni kerajinan batik besurek Bengkulu ini cendrung bergaya klasik, gaya moderen dan gaya gabungan yaitu gabungan antara gaya klasik dengan gaya moderen.
ANALISIS DESAIN UANG KERTAS PECAHAN SERATUS RIBU RUPIAH
Authors: Sudiani Yoni
Published: October 2017

Uang kertas merupakan alat pembayaran transaksi ekonomi yang digunakan di suatunegara. Sebagai produk budaya manusia moderen, keindahan yang muncul melaluiselembar mata uang kertas dapat dilihat melalui visualisasinya. Desain uang NegaraIndonesia mengalami banyak perubahan, terutama pada desain uang kertas. Desain uangkertas memiliki tema yang diangkat, seperti edisi saat ini merupakan tema pahlawan.Desain tersebut menggunakan ilustrasi atau gambar pahlawan Negara Indonesia yang didalamnya terkandung nilai estetik dengan adanya susunan elemen-elemen desaindiantaranya warna, ilustrasi/gambar, tipografi serta teknik cetak yang khas. Desain padauang kertas mengandung informasi atau bahkan kode visual. Kajian analisis ini hanyaakan mengkaji pada uang kertas pecahan seratus ribu rupiah dan batasan kajiannya padavisual tertentu melalui uraian semiotika visual. Desain uang kertas pecahan seratus riburupiah, akan dikaji makna-makna simbolik di dalamnya.
TEATER SEBAGAI PEMBERDAYAAN ANTI TRAFFICKING
Authors: Mulia Agus
Published: October 2017

Salah satu  cabang terpenting dan terbesar  dari Sosiologi Teater adalah studi tentang fungsi sosial teater. Fungsi sosial teater ini dalam jenis masyarakat satu dengan lainnya pun berbeda-beda. Pada masa dulu, fungsi teater selalu dihubungkan dengan upacara ritual  dan  magis.  Kemudian  pada  masa  kini  fungsinnya  cenderung  menekankanpada fungsi  pendidikan,  seperti  penyampaian  informasi  tentang  persoalan-persoalan  yang terjadi di masyarakat, corong „kritik sosial‟, dan alternatif hiburan. Pertunjukan teater Detektif Danga-Danga, Episode Anak Perawan di Sarang Mucikari adalah mengamati sebuah paparan peristiwa trafficking. Pertunjukan teater tersebut melibatkan anak-anak yang sebagiannya adalah korban-korban trafficking. Masuknya anak-anak dalam „kancah‟ pelacuran bukan merupakan pilihan anak, tetapi lebih karena adanya tekanan sosial, ekonomi, ataupun adanya tekanan mental dari orang-orang dewasa
TOKOH ARIEL MERMAID DALAM KARYA SENI LUKIS MIX MEDIA
Authors: Putro Dimas Fauzi Eko
Published: October 2017

Putri Duyung atau biasa disebut dengan Mermaidadalah sebutan bagi makhluk berwujud setengah manusia dan setengah ikan yang berjenis kelamin perempuan. Putri Duyung merupakan satu tokoh fiksi yang telah lama menjadi legenda, mitos, bahkan   produsen animasi terbesar di dunia sekarang yaitu Walt Disney menjadikannya tokoh utama dalam serial kartun yang berjudul The LittleMermaid dan menjadi salah satu dongeng populerdi kalangan  anak-anak.  Akhir-akhir  ini  fenomena  Duyung  menjadi  viral  di  masyarakat mulai dari film, serial televisi, bahkan properti ekor duyung yang mulai banyak diperjualbelikan. Tokoh Putri Duyung diaplikasikan   ke dalam   karyaseni lukis dengan teknik yang digunakan yaitu mix media. Mix media yaitu teknik penggabungan dan pengolahan beberapa komponen menjadi suatu karya. Hasil karya lukis yaitu kanvas yang diolah  sedemikian  rupa  menjadi  sebuah  gaun  berbentuk  duyung  dengan  teknik  mix media.
Analisis Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Bidang Kesehatan
Authors: Restuastuti Tuti , Zahtamal Zahtamal , Chandra Fifia , Restila Ridha
Published: October 2017

Pemberdayaan masyarakat  merupakan lini terdepan dalam promosi kesehatan dan wajib dilaksanakan oleh seluruh puskesmas. KepMenKes no 128/MenKes/SK/2/2004, Dinas Kesehatan bertanggung jawab menyelenggarakan kesehatan masyarakat, salah satu fungsi peran puskesmas merupakan pusat pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan strategi kemitraan dengan kelompok masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam bidang kesehatan di Kota Pekanbaru.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode survei.Sampel penelitian adalah sepuluh puskesmas di Kota Pekanbaru, pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara pengisian kuesioner, catatan program  dan data sekunder dari profil Puskesmas.Hasilnya dari delapan Organisasi Masyarakat, untuk Posyandu  seluruh Puskesmas sudah dilaksanakan. Gambaran aspek pemberdayaan masyarakat di Kota Pekanbaru yang terdiri dari (3 aspek) : keaktifan tokoh masyarakat, ketersediaan organisasi kemasyarakatan dan UKBM, pemanfaatan sarana dan material dari masyarakat sudah terlaksana secara optimal. Namun, pada 4 aspek, yaitu ketersediaan dana masyarakat, penggunaan pengetahuan masyarakat, teknologi dari  masyarakat, dan pembuatan keputusan oleh masyarakat belum terlaksana seluruhnya. Masih banyak kegiatan organisasi dan UKBM yang tidak berjalan optimal kecuali posyandu aktif. UKBM polindes masih sangat sedikit dilakukan di wilayah kerja puskesmas di Kota Pekanbaru. Keterkaitan pelaksanaan fungsi pemberdayaan oleh puskesmas dengan sumber daya dan proses manajerial puskesmas sudah dalam kategori baik. Sedangkan pada ketersediaan jejaring dan organisasi termasuk kategori cukup
Aspek Farmakologi Retinoid pada Kosmeseutikal
Authors: Fauzia Dina
Published: October 2017

Retinoid merupakan salah satu senyawa aktif yang paling luas penggunaannya di bidang dermatologi, yaitu sebagai anti-akne, anti-aging dan depigmenting agent. Penggunaan retinoid dapat menimbulkan iritasi pada kulit yang dapat diminimalkan dengan cara pemakaian konsentrasi dan frekuensi yang dinaikkan bertahap. Selain itu, retinoid memiliki potensi teratogenik sehingga harus dihindari penggunaannya pada wanita hamil dan usia produktif.
Drivers’ Lane-Keeping Ability in Heavy Rain: Preliminary Investigation Using SHRP 2 Naturalistic Driving Study Data
Authors: Ghasemzadeh Ali , Ahmed Mohamed M.
Published: October 2017

There is a lack of studies that have examined the impact of weather conditions on drivers’ lane-keeping performance. Many driver behavior studies have been conducted in simulated environments. However, no studies have examined the impact of heavy rain on lane-keeping ability in naturalistic settings. A study used data from the SHRP 2 Naturalistic Driving Study to provide better insights into driver behavior and performance in clear and rainy weather conditions. In particular, a lane-keeping model was developed using logistic regression to better understand factors affecting drivers’ lane-keeping ability in different weather conditions. One interesting finding of this research is that heavy rain can significantly increase the standard deviation of lane position, which is a widely used method for analyzing lane-keeping ability. More specifically, drivers in heavy rain are 3.8 times more likely to show a higher standard deviation of lane position than in clear weather condition. An additional interesting finding is that drivers have better lane-keeping abilities in roadways with higher posted speed. Results from this study could provide a better understanding of the complex effects of weather conditions on drivers’ lane-keeping ability and how drivers perceive and react in different weather conditions. Results from this study may also provide insights into automating the activation and deactivation of lane departure warning systems.
Multilevel, ultra-large-volume epidural blood patch for the treatment of neurocognitive decline associated with spontaneous intracranial hypotension: case report
Authors: Staudt Michael D. , Pasternak Stephen H. , Sharma Manas , Pandey Sachin K. , Arango Miguel F. , Pelz David M. , Lownie Stephen P.
Published: October 2017

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is a progressive clinical syndrome characterized by orthostatic headaches, nausea, emesis, and occasionally focal neurological deficits. Rarely, SIH is associated with neurocognitive changes. An epidural blood patch (EBP) is commonly used to treat SIH when conservative measures are inadequate, although some patients require multiple EBP procedures or do not respond at all. Recently, the use of a large-volume (LV) EBP has been described to treat occult leak sites in treatment-refractory SIH. This article describes the management of a patient with profound neurocognitive decline associated with SIH, who was refractory to conservative management and multiple interventions. The authors describe the successful use of an ultra-LV-EBP of 120 ml across multiple levels, the largest volume reported in the literature, and describe the technical aspects of the procedure. This procedure has resulted in dramatic and sustained symptom resolution.
Influence of the micro-structural factors upon thermal and mechanical properties of various bag leathers
Authors: Mondal AK , Chattopadhyay PK
Published: October 2017

Four different bag leathers, such as, Sheep Bag Leather (SBL), Buffalo Vegetable Tanned Leather (BVTL), Cow Drum Dyed Dry Milled Leather (CDDDML), and Cow Crocodile Print Leather (CCPL), were processed by different methods from respective wet-blues of Indian origin. Thermal degradation pro?le and mechanical properties of the samples were evaluated, and crosslink densities of each sample were measured by ?tment of Mooney-Rivlin equation on stress-strain plots. Morphological characteristics (e.g. ?bre structure, ?bre thickness, splitting etc.) of all the specimens were investigated by image analyses of SEM photomicrographs. The highest crosslinking density for BVTL was attributed to its higher ?bre and ?bril thicknesses coupled with rigorous retanning by vegetable tannins and syntans. Embossing at higher temperature and pressure reduced CCPLs elongation-at-break value and hence stretchiness possibly due to the development of set properties within the CCPL matrix. SBL was noted to contain huge void spaces that increased its stretchiness, and melamine formaldehyde syntans showed pronounced in?uence in increasing the thermal resistance of both CCPL and CDDDML.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(3), 167-176, 2017
“Swell, swell, my joys”: Ben Jonson, Quotation, and A Help to Memory and Discourse
Authors: Cathcart Charles
Published: October 2017

Sejanus His Fall has always been a succès d'estime rather than a popular triumph. Neverthless, there was an odd and pervasive valency for the speech that opens the play's fifth act, a speech that starts, “Swell, swell, my joys,” and which includes the boast, “I feel my advancèd head/Knock out a star in heav'n.” The soliloquy has an afterlife in printed miscellanies; it was blended with lines from Volpone's first speech; the phrase “knock out a star in heav'n” was turned to by preachers warning of the sin of pride; John Trapp's use of the speech for his biblical commentary was plundered by John Price, Citizen, for the polemic of 1654, Tyrants and Protectors Set Forth in their Colours; and in the year between the Jonson Folio of 1616 and the playwright's journey to Scotland, William Drummond of Hawthornden borrowed directly from the speech for his verse tribute to King James. For all Jonson's punctilious itemising of his tragedy's classical sources, his lines were themselves shaped by a contemporary model: John Marston's Antonio and Mellida.

What are we undertaking when we examine an intertextual journey such as this? Is it a case study in Jonson's influence? Is it a meditation upon the fortunes of a single textual item? Alternatively, is it a study of appropriation? The resting place for this essay is the speech's appearance in the third and final edition of Leonard Becket's publication, A Help to Memory and Discourse (1630), an appearance seemingly unique within the Becket canon and one that suggests that Jonson's verse gained an afterlife as a poem.
“Thou Trade which didst sustaine my poverty”: Thomas Heywood's The Four Prentices of London and the Emergence of a Rhetorical Counterpublic
Authors: Heverin Drew
Published: October 2017

This essay investigates how the depiction of apprenticeship in Thomas Heywood's early play The Four Prentices of London participated in the formation of a marginalized rhetorical community on the Elizabethan stage. Contributing to a larger early modern counterpublic, this play publicized the private discussion of the outspoken if disenfranchised apprentices of Renaissance London by placing the marginalized concerns of these young men in direct conversation with the public's aspirational understanding of the guilds' training system. In his young and dynamic protagonist Eustace, Heywood stages a direct challenge to the narrow understanding of a riotous apprentice and offers a nuanced take on the institution itself – one that honors the possibility of social mobility but recognizes the cost of pursuing it. In The Four Prentices, Heywood uses the rhetoric of this marginalized urban cohort to theatrically refashion the Elizabethan public sphere and makes room for the apprentices in the public deliberations of the early modern city. In this essay, I argue that Heywood brings attention to the concerns of London's apprentices and, thus, recognizes the authority of this counterpublic within the larger urban public sphere.
A Review on the Production and Purification of Biomass-Derived Hydrogen Using Emerging Membrane Technologies
Authors: Yin Hang , Yip Alex C.K.
Published: October 2017

Hydrogen energy systems are recognized as a promising solution for the energy shortage and environmental pollution crises. To meet the increasing demand for hydrogen, various possible systems have been investigated for the production of hydrogen by efficient and economical processes. Because of its advantages of being renewable and environmentally friendly, biomass processing has the potential to become the major hydrogen production route in the future. Membrane technology provides an efficient and cost-effective solution for hydrogen separation and greenhouse gas capture in biomass processing. In this review, the future prospects of using gas separation membranes for hydrogen production in biomass processing are extensively addressed from two perspectives: (1) the current development status of hydrogen separation membranes made of different materials and (2) the feasibility of using these membranes for practical applications in biomass-derived hydrogen production. Different types of hydrogen separation membranes, including polymeric membranes, dense metal membranes, microporous membranes (zeolite, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), silica, etc.) are systematically discussed in terms of their fabrication methods, gas permeation performance, structure stability properties, etc. In addition, the application feasibility of these membranes in biomass processing is assessed from both practical and economic perspectives. The benefits and possibilities of using membrane reactors for hydrogen production in biomass processing are also discussed. Lastly, we summarize the limitations of the currently available hydrogen membranes as well as the gaps between research achievements and industrial application. We also propose expected research directions for the future development of hydrogen gas membrane technology.
Wi-Fi Crowdsourced Fingerprinting Dataset for Indoor Positioning
Authors: Lohan Elena , Torres-Sospedra Joaquín , Leppäkoski Helena , Richter Philipp  , Peng Zhe , Huerta Joaquín
Published: October 2017

Benchmark open-source Wi-Fi fingerprinting datasets for indoor positioning studies are still hard to find in the current literature and existing public repositories. This is unlike other research fields, such as the image processing field, where benchmark test images such as the Lenna image or Face Recognition Technology (FERET) databases exist, or the machine learning field, where huge datasets are available for example at the University of California Irvine (UCI) Machine Learning Repository. It is the purpose of this paper to present a new openly available Wi-Fi fingerprint dataset, comprised of 4648 fingerprints collected with 21 devices in a university building in Tampere, Finland, and to present some benchmark indoor positioning results using these data. The datasets and the benchmarking software are distributed under the open-source MIT license and can be found on the EU Zenodo repository.
Study of the Contributions of Donor and Acceptor Photoexcitations to Open Circuit Voltage in Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Yeboah Douglas , Singh Jai
Published: October 2017

One of the key parameters in determining the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs) is the open circuit voltage . The processes of exciting the donor and acceptor materials individually in a BHJ OSC are investigated and are found to produce two different expressions for . Using the contributions of electron and hole quasi-Fermi levels and charge carrier concentrations, the two different expressions are derived as functions of the energetics of the donor and acceptor materials and the photo-generated charge carrier concentrations, and calculated for a set of donor-acceptor blends. The simultaneous excitation of both the donor and acceptor materials is also considered and the corresponding , which is different from the above two, is derived. The calculated from the photoexcitation of the donor is found to be somewhat comparable with that obtained from the photoexcitation of the acceptor in most combinations of the donor and acceptor materials considered here. It is also found that the calculated from the simultaneous excitations of donor and acceptor in BHJ OSCs is also comparable with the other two . All three thus derived produce similar results and agree reasonably well with the measured values. All three depend linearly on the concentration of the photoexcited charge carriers and hence incident light intensity, which agrees with experimental results. The outcomes of this study are expected to help in finding materials that may produce higher and hence enhanced PCE in BHJ OSCs.
Probabilistic Load-Flow Analysis of Biomass-Fuelled Gas Engines with Electrical Vehicles in Distribution Systems
Authors: Ruiz-Rodríguez Francisco , Hernández Jesús , Jurado Francisco
Published: October 2017

Feeding biomass-fueled gas engines (BFGEs) with olive tree pruning residues offers new opportunities to decrease fossil fuel use in road vehicles and electricity generation. BFGEs, coupled to radial distribution systems (RDSs), provide renewable energy and power that can feed electric vehicle (EV) charging stations. However, the combined impact of BFGEs and EVs on RDSs must be assessed to assure the technical constraint fulfilment. Because of the stochastic nature of source/load, it was decided that a probabilistic approach was the most viable option for this assessment. Consequently, this research developed an analytical technique to evaluate the technical constraint fulfilment in RDSs with this combined interaction. The proposed analytical technique (PAT) involved the calculation of cumulants and the linearization of load-flow equations, along with the application of the cumulant method, and Cornish-Fisher expansion. The uncertainties related to biomass stock and its heating value (HV) were important factors that were assessed for the first time. Application of the PAT in a Spanish RDS with BFGEs and EVs confirmed the feasibility of the proposal and its additional benefits. Specifically, BFGEs were found to clearly contribute to the voltage constraint fulfilment. The computational cost of the PAT was lower than that associated with Monte-Carlo simulations (MCSs).
Alterations of miRNAs and Their Potential Roles in Arsenite-Induced Transformation of Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells
Authors: Gu Shiyan , Sun Donglei , Li Xinyang , Zhang Zunzhen
Published: October 2017

The alterations of micro RNAs (miRNAs) and their potential roles in arsenite-induced tumorigenesis are still poorly understood. In this study, miRNA Array was used to detect the expression level of miRNAs in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells that were transformed by 2.5 μM arsenite for 13 weeks. These cells exhibited a neoplastic phenotype manifested by increased levels of cellular proliferation and migration and clone formation. Subsequently, 191 dysregulated miRNAs were identified to be associated with arsenite-induced transformation by miRNA Array. Among them, six miRNAs were validated by their expression levels with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and 17 miRNAs were further explored via their target genes as well as regulatory network. Three databases, TargetMiner, miRDB, and TarBase, were used to predict the target genes of the 17 miRNAs, and a total of 954 common genes were sorted. Results of Gene Ontology (GO) analyses showed that the 954 genes were involved in diverse terms of GO categories, such as positive regulation of macroautophagy, epithelial cell maturation, and synaptic vesicle clustering. Moreover, results of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses demonstrated that most of these target genes were enriched in various cancer-related pathways, including non-small cell lung cancer, Wnt signaling pathway, cell cycle, and p53 signaling pathway. The miRNA-gene regulatory network, which was constructed by cytoscape software with miRNAs and their target genes, showed that miR-15b-5p, miR-106b-5p, and miR-320d were the core hubs. Collectively, our results provide new insights into miRNA-mediated mechanisms underlying arsenite-induced transformation, although more experimental verification is still needed to prove these predictions.
De Novo Assembly and Analysis of Tartary Buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Garetn.) Transcriptome Discloses Key Regulators Involved in Salt-Stress Response
Authors: Wu Qi , Bai Xue , Zhao Wei , Xiang Dabing , Wan Yan , Yan Jun , Zou Liang , Zhao Gang
Published: October 2017

Soil salinization has been a tremendous obstacle for agriculture production. The regulatory networks underlying salinity adaption in model plants have been extensively explored. However, limited understanding of the salt response mechanisms has hindered the planting and production in Fagopyrum tataricum, an economic and health-beneficial plant mainly distributing in southwest China. In this study, we performed physiological analysis and found that salt stress of 200 mM NaCl solution significantly affected the relative water content (RWC), electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in tartary buckwheat seedlings. Further, we conducted transcriptome comparison between control and salt treatment to identify potential regulatory components involved in F. tataricum salt responses. A total of 53.15 million clean reads from control and salt-treated libraries were produced via an Illumina sequencing approach. Then we de novo assembled these reads into a transcriptome dataset containing 57,921 unigenes with N50 length of 1400 bp and total length of 44.5 Mb. A total of 36,688 unigenes could find matches in public databases. GO, KEGG and KOG classification suggested the enrichment of these unigenes in 56 sub-categories, 25 KOG, and 273 pathways, respectively. Comparison of the transcriptome expression patterns between control and salt treatment unveiled 455 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Further, we found the genes encoding for protein kinases, phosphatases, heat shock proteins (HSPs), ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), abiotic-related transcription factors and circadian clock might be relevant to the salinity adaption of this species. Thus, this study offers an insight into salt tolerance mechanisms, and will serve as useful genetic information for tolerant elite breeding programs in future.
Neuromuscular Junction Dismantling in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Cappello Valentina , Francolini Maura
Published: October 2017

Neuromuscular junction assembly and plasticity during embryonic, postnatal, and adult life are tightly regulated by the continuous cross-talk among motor nerve endings, muscle fibers, and glial cells. Altered communications among these components is thought to be responsible for the physiological age-related changes at this synapse and possibly for its destruction in pathological states. Neuromuscular junction dismantling plays a crucial role in the onset of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). ALS is characterized by the degeneration and death of motor neurons leading to skeletal muscle denervation, atrophy and, most often, death of the patient within five years from diagnosis. ALS is a non-cell autonomous disease as, besides motor neuron degeneration, glial cells, and possibly muscle fibers, play a role in its onset and progression. Here, we will review the recent literature regarding the mechanisms leading to neuromuscular junction disassembly and muscle denervation focusing on the role of the three players of this peripheral tripartite synapse.
CRISPR-Cas9 Mediated Telomere Removal Leads to Mitochondrial Stress and Protein Aggregation
Authors: Kim Hyojung , Ham Sangwoo , Jo Minkyung , Lee Gum , Lee Yun-Song , Shin Joo-Ho , Lee Yunjong
Published: October 2017

Aging is considered the major risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson’s disease (PD). Telomere shortening is associated with cellular senescence. In this regard, pharmacological or genetic inhibition of telomerase activity has been used to model cellular aging. Here, we employed CRISPR-Cas9 technology to instantly remove the telomere to induce aging in a neuroblastoma cell line. Expression of both Cas9 and guide RNA targeting telomere repeats ablated the telomere, leading to retardation of cell proliferation. Instant deletion of telomere in SH-SY5Y cells impaired mitochondrial function with diminished mitochondrial respiration and cell viability. Supporting the pathological relevance of cell aging by CRISPR-Cas9 mediated telomere removal, alterations were observed in the levels of PD-associated proteins including PTEN-induced putative kinase 1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1-α, nuclear respiratory factor 1, parkin, and aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex interacting multifunctional protein 2. Significantly, α-synuclein expression in the background of telomere removal led to the enhancement of protein aggregation, suggesting positive feed-forward interaction between aging and PD pathogenesis. Collectively, our results demonstrate that CRISPR-Cas9 can be used to efficiently model cellular aging and PD.
Temperature Dependences of the Electrical Resistivity on the Heusler Alloy System Ni2MnGa1−xFex
Authors: Adachi Yoshiya , Ogi Yuki , Kobayashi Noriaki , Hayasaka Yuki , Kanomata Takeshi , Umetsu Rie , Xu Xiao , Kainuma Ryosuke
Published: October 2017

Temperature dependences of the electrical resistivity have been measured on the Heusler alloy system Ni2MnGa1−xFex. The phase diagram of Ni2MnGa1−xFex was constructed on the basis of the experimental results. The structural and magnetic transition temperatures are consistent with those previously determined by magnetic measurements. The changes of the electrical resistivity at the martensitic transition temperature, ∆ρ, were studied as a function of Fe concentration x. The ∆ρ abruptly increased in the concentration range between x = 0.15 and 0.20. The magnetostructural transitions were observed at x = 0.275, 0.30, and 0.35.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of N,N-Substituted Amine Derivatives as Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibitors
Authors: Wang Xinran , Hao Lijuan , Xu Xuanqi , Li Wei , Liu Chunchi , Zhao Dongmei , Cheng Maosheng
Published: October 2017

N,N-Substituted amine derivatives were designed by utilizing a bioisosterism strategy. Consequently, twenty-two compounds were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against CETP. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies indicate that hydrophilic groups at the 2-position of the tetrazole and 3,5-bistrifluoromethyl groups on the benzene ring provide important contributions to the potency. Among these compounds, compound 17 exhibited excellent CETP inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.38 ± 0.08 μM) in vitro. Furthermore, compound 17 was selected for an in vitro metabolic stability study.
Neo-Hindu Fundamentalism Challenging the Secular and Pluralistic Indian State
Authors: Battaglia Gino
Published: October 2017

Secularism seems to require separation between religion and State. Regarding India, it would be better to speak of ‘equidistance’ between State and religious denominations. Nonetheless a ‘balanced treatment’ towards the religions leaves the question open as to what form that equidistance should take. This is the reason of some contradictions in today’s Indian social and political life. It is likely that without the Moghul and British domination Hinduism would not have acquired a militant identity. It was the ‘epiphany’ of well-armed, powerful ‘Others’ (Muslim, Christian or secular) which generated frustration and fear to such an extent that a religious nationalism (Hindutva) was born. Nehru and the Left of the Congress Party leadership thought that modernity would overcome religion, which is a remnant of the past. They were confident that a political culture based on pluralism and tolerance would become the foundations of the new society. This is exactly what Hindu Nationalism takes issue with: the ‘pseudo-seculars’ project of building the national identity without Hinduism or against Hinduism. Hindutva asserts that Hinduism is the basis of the Indian civilization. The Hindu ethos is the soul of the nation.
A Participatory Process to Develop a Landslide Warning System: Paradoxes of Responsibility Sharing in a Case Study in Upper Austria
Authors: Preuner Philipp , Scolobig Anna , Linnerooth Bayer JoAnne , Ottowitz David , Hoyer Stefan , Jochum Birgit
Published: October 2017

During a participatory process in Gmunden, Austria, the organizational and responsibility-sharing arrangements for a landslide warning system proved to be contested issues. While questions on the warning system technology and the distribution of information, including the alarm for evacuation, could be resolved with the support of experts, controversies arose on the financial and legal responsibilities that ensure long-term and effective monitoring for the protection of the landslide-prone community. This paper examines how responsibilities can be shared among the residents, experts, and public authorities during the design and operation of landslide warning systems. In particular, we discuss the outcome and implications of three stakeholder workshops where participants deliberated on warning-system options that, in turn, were based on a discourse analysis of extensive stakeholder interviews. The results of the case study show that an end-user orientation requires the consideration of stakeholder worldviews, interests, and conflicts. Paradoxically, the public did not fully support their own involvement in the maintenance and control of the warning system, but the authorities promoted shared responsibility. Deliberative planning does not then necessarily lead to responsibility sharing, but it proved effective as a platform for information and for shared ownership in the warning system.
UAS-SfM for Coastal Research: Geomorphic Feature Extraction and Land Cover Classification from High-Resolution Elevation and Optical Imagery
Authors: Sturdivant Emily , Lentz Erika , Thieler E. Robert , Farris Amy , Weber Kathryn , Remsen David , Miner Simon , Henderson Rachel
Published: October 2017

The vulnerability of coastal systems to hazards such as storms and sea-level rise is typically characterized using a combination of ground and manned airborne systems that have limited spatial or temporal scales. Structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry applied to imagery acquired by unmanned aerial systems (UAS) offers a rapid and inexpensive means to produce high-resolution topographic and visual reflectance datasets that rival existing lidar and imagery standards. Here, we use SfM to produce an elevation point cloud, an orthomosaic, and a digital elevation model (DEM) from data collected by UAS at a beach and wetland site in Massachusetts, USA. We apply existing methods to (a) determine the position of shorelines and foredunes using a feature extraction routine developed for lidar point clouds and (b) map land cover from the rasterized surfaces using a supervised classification routine. In both analyses, we experimentally vary the input datasets to understand the benefits and limitations of UAS-SfM for coastal vulnerability assessment. We find that (a) geomorphic features are extracted from the SfM point cloud with near-continuous coverage and sub-meter precision, better than was possible from a recent lidar dataset covering the same area; and (b) land cover classification is greatly improved by including topographic data with visual reflectance, but changes to resolution (when <50 cm) have little influence on the classification accuracy.
Structure-from-Motion Using Historical Aerial Images to Analyse Changes in Glacier Surface Elevation
Authors: Mölg Nico , Bolch Tobias
Published: October 2017

The application of structure-from-motion (SfM) to generate digital terrain models (DTMs) derived from different image sources has strongly increased, the major reason for this being that processing is substantially easier with SfM than with conventional photogrammetry. To test the functionality in a demanding environment, we applied SfM and conventional photogrammetry to archival aerial images from Zmuttgletscher, a mountain glacier in Switzerland, for nine dates between 1946 and 2005 using the most popular software packages, and compared the results regarding bundle adjustment and final DTM quality. The results suggest that by using SfM it is possible to produce DTMs of similar quality as with conventional photogrammetry. Higher point cloud density and less noise allow a higher ground resolution of the final DTM, and the time effort from the user is 3–6 times smaller, while the controls of the commercial software packages Agisoft PhotoScan (Version 1.2; Agisoft, St. Petersburg, Russia) and Pix4Dmapper (Version 3.0; Pix4D, Lausanne, Switzerland) are limited in comparison to ERDAS photogrammetry. SfM performs less reliably when few images with little overlap are processed. Even though SfM facilitates the largely automated production of high quality DTMs, the user is not exempt from a thorough quality check, at best with reference data where available. The resulting DTM time series revealed an average change in surface elevation at the glacier tongue of −67.0 ± 5.3 m. The spatial pattern of changes over time reflects the influence of flow dynamics and the melt of clean ice and that under debris cover. With continued technological advances, we expect to see an increasing use of SfM in glaciology for a variety of purposes, also in processing archival aerial imagery.
A Novel Differential Time-of-Arrival Estimation Technique for Impact Localization on Carbon Fiber Laminate Sheets
Authors: Merlo Eugenio Marino , Bulletti Andrea , Giannelli Pietro , Calzolai Marco , Capineri Lorenzo
Published: October 2017

Composite material structures are commonly used in many industrial sectors (aerospace, automotive, transportation), and can operate in harsh environments where impacts with other parts or debris may cause critical safety and functionality issues. This work presents a method for improving the accuracy of impact position determination using acoustic source triangulation schemes based on the data collected by piezoelectric sensors attached to the structure. A novel approach is used to estimate the Differential Time-of-Arrival (DToA) between the impact response signals collected by a triplet of sensors, overcoming the limitations of classical methods that rely on amplitude thresholds calibrated for a specific sensor type. An experimental evaluation of the proposed technique was performed with specially made circular piezopolymer (PVDF) sensors designed for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) applications, and compared with commercial piezoelectric SHM sensors of similar dimensions. Test impacts at low energies from 35 mJ to 600 mJ were generated in a laboratory by free-falling metal spheres on a 500 mm × 500 mm × 1.25 mm quasi-isotropic Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) laminate plate. From the analysis of many impact signals, the resulting localization error was improved for all types of sensors and, in particular, for the circular PVDF sensor an average error of 20.3 mm and a standard deviation of 8.9 mm was obtained.
Characteristic Rain Events: A Methodology for Improving the Amenity Value of Stormwater Control Measures
Authors: Smit Andersen Jonas , Lerer Sara , Backhaus Antje , Bergen Jensen Marina , Danielsen Sørup Hjalte
Published: October 2017

Local management of rainwater using stormwater control measures (SCMs) is gaining increased attention as a sustainable alternative and supplement to traditional sewer systems. Besides offering added utility values, many SCMs also offer a great potential for added amenity values. One way of achieving amenity value is to stage the rainwater and thus bring it to the attention of the public. We present here a methodology for creating a selection of rain events that can help bridge between engineering and landscape architecture when dealing with staging of rainwater. The methodology uses quantitative and statistical methods to select Characteristic Rain Events (CREs) for a range of frequent return periods: weekly, bi-weekly, monthly, bi-monthly, and a single rarer event occurring only every 1–10 years. The methodology for selecting CREs is flexible and can be adjusted to any climatic settings; here we show its use for Danish conditions. We illustrate with a case study how CREs can be used in combination with a simple hydrological model to visualize where, how deep and for how long water is visible in a landscape designed to manage rainwater.
Competition does not come at the expense of colonization in seed morphs with increased size and dispersal
Authors: Miguel M. Florencia , Lortie Christopher J. , Callaway Ragan M. , Hierro José L.
Published: October 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:

Seed‐level trade‐offs of heterocarpic species remain poorly understood. We propose that seedlings emerging from seeds with a permanent pappus (dispersing seeds) are stronger competitors than those emerging from seeds without a pappus (nondispersing seeds) because dispersing seeds are larger and germinate faster than nondispersing seeds in Centaurea solstitialis.

METHODS:

We conducted a competition experiment with both seed morphs, in which we recorded emergence rate and proportion, estimated seed dispersal by wind (anemochory) and by mammals (exozoochory), and measured size and abundance of seed morphs.

KEY RESULTS:

We found that seedlings from pappus seeds had greater competitive abilities than those from non‐pappus seeds. Similarly, pappus seedlings emerged at much faster rates and larger proportions than non‐pappus seedlings. Pappus seeds were larger, were more numerous, and displayed improved exozoochory compared to non‐pappus seeds. Anemochory was poor for both seed morphs.

CONCLUSIONS:

We found support for our hypothesis, raising in turn the possibility that competition and colonization are positively associated in seed morphs of heterocarpic species with enhanced exozoochory of larger seeds. These findings are not consistent with those from heterocarpic species with enhanced anemochory of smaller seeds or slower‐germinating seeds. Our results additionally suggest that pappus and non‐pappus seeds of C. solstitialis display a task‐division strategy in which pappus morphs colonize and preempt unoccupied sites through improved dispersal and fast and large emergence of seedlings with increased competitive abilities, whereas non‐pappus morphs promote site persistence through delayed germination and dormancy. This strategy may contribute to the success of C. solstitialis in highly variable environments.