bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variabilitas Bulanan Klorofil-A Dan Suhu Permukaan Laut Pada Perairan Teluk Rembang Dengan Menggunakan Citra Sentinel-3
Authors: Ningrum Devita , Zainuri Muhammad , Widiaratih Rikha
Published: November 2023

Perairan Teluk Rembang merupakan salah satu sumber penghidupan bagi penduduk bermata pencaharian nelayan. Penelitian ini menggunakan citra Sentinel-3 OLCI dan SLSTR memiliki resolusi sebesar 300 m x 300m, dengan resolusi spasial tersebut citra yang dihasilkan oleh Sentinel-3 OLCI dan SLSTR dapat dikatakan cukup baik untuk diteliti lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini menggunakan data citra Sentinel-3 OLCI dan SLSTR serta data angin reanalysis ERA-5 dari (Climate Copernicus) yang diolah menggunakan bantuan program SNAP dengan metode C2RCC. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa nilai variabilitas bulanan klorofil-a memiliki nilai yang bervariasi setiap bulannya. Nilai konsentrasi klorofil-a tertinggi terjadi pada bulan Juli sebesar 6,72 mg/l dan terendah pada bulan November sebesar 0,87 mg/l. Nilai konsentrasi Klorofil-a memiliki keterkaitan dengan suhu permukaan laut dan angin. Nilai konsentrasi klorofil-a berbanding lurus dengan kecepatan angin yang nilai korelasinya sebesar -0,54, sedangkan nilai konsentrasi klorofil-a berbanding terbalik dengan suhu permukaan laut yang nilai korelasinya sebesar 0,42. Tingginya nilai konsentrasi klorofil-a terjadi pada saat kecepatan angin meningkat, dan suhu permukaan laut rendah terjadi ketika kecepatan angin tinggi. Begitupun sebaliknya, konsentrasi klorofil-a menurun dan suhu permukaan laut meningkat terjadi pada saat kecepatan angin menurun. Kata kunci: Klorofil-a, Suhu Permukaan Laut, Sentinel-3, Perairan Teluk Rembang Abstract Rembang Bay has been one of the sources of livelihood for residents who work as fishermen. This study uses Sentinel-3 OLCI and SLSTR images with a resolution of 300 m x 300m, with this spatial resolution the images produced by Sentinel-3 OLCI and SLSTR can be said to be good enough to be investigated further. This research uses Sentinel-3 OLCI and SLSTR image data as well as ERA-5 wind reanalysis data from (Climate Copernicus) which was processed using the SNAP program with the C2RCC method. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the monthly variable value of chlorophyll-a has a value that varies every month. The highest value of chlorophyll-a concentration occurred in July of 6.72 mg/l and the lowest was in November of 0.87 mg/l. Chlorophyll-a concentration value have a relationship with sea surface temperature and wind. The value of chlorophyll-a concentration is directly proportional to wind speed with a correlation value of -0.54, while the value of chlorophyll-a concentration is inversely proportional to sea surface temperature with a correlation value of 0.42. High concentration values of chlorophyll-a occur when wind speed increases, and low sea surface temperatures occur when wind speeds are high. Conversely, chlorophyll-a concentration decreases and sea surface temperature increases when wind speed decreases. Keywords: Chlorophyll-a, Sea Surface Temperature, Sentinel-3, Rembang Bay
Hubungan Kecepatan Angin dengan Luasan Upwelling Intensitas Kuat di Perairan Selatan Jawa pada Kejadian La Nina, El Nino dan Normal
Authors: Rahayu Safitri Dwi , Setiyono Heryoso , Indrayanti Elis
Published: November 2023

Fenomena upwelling yang terjadi di Perairan Selatan Jawa selain dipengaruhi oleh angin muson juga sangat dipengaruhi oleh ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation) dan IOD (Indian Dipole Mode). Penelitian ini mengkaji lebih jauh tentang hubungan kecepatan angin dan luasan upwelling intensitas kuat di Perairan Selatan Jawa selama kejadian La Nina tahun 2010, Normal Tahun 2013 dan  El Nino tahun 2015. Data yang digunakan meliputi data suhu permukaan laut (SPL) dan klorofil-a dari citra MODIS, data angin dari ASCAT. Peta variasi upwelling serta nilai luasannya diperoleh dari pengolahan ArcGIS dan nilai rata-rata kecepatan angin bulanan diolah dengan IDL. Daerah upwelling intensitas kuat yang terluas pada kejadian La Nina terjadi di bulan Agustus sebesar 1.952 km² dengan kecepatan angin rata-rata bulanan sebesar 6,96 m/s. Sedangkan pada kejadian Normal dan El Nino terjadi di bulan September sebesar 14.432 km² dan 29.120 km² dengan kecepatan angin rata-rata bulanannya sebesar 6,55 m/s dan sebesar 6,15 m/s. Hasil korelasi kecepatan angin dengan luasan upwelling menunjukkan korelasi yang cukup tinggi pada kondisi La Nina dan Normal dengan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,58 dan 0,54. Kecepatan angin tidak terlalu mempengaruhi luasan upwelling pada kondisi El Nino dengan nilai korelasi yang sangat rendah sebesar 0,06.Kata kunci: Luas upwelling, Angin Muson, Perairan Selatan Jawa, La Nina, El Nino Upwelling in the Southern Java waters is directly controlled by monsoon winds and is also strongly influenced by ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation) and IOD (Indian Dipole Mode).  This study examines the relationship between wind speed and the area of strong intensity upwelling in the waters of Southern Java during the 2010 La Nina, 2013 Normal, and 2015 El Nino events. The data used are Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a from Aqua Modis level 3, and wind data from ASCAT.  The area of strong intensity upwelling is obtained from ArcGIS processing and the average monthly wind speed is processed using IDL. The widest area of strong intensity upwelling during the La Nina event occurred in August at 1,952 km² with a monthly average wind speed of 6.96 m/s. Whereas Normal and El Nino events occurred in September at 14,432 km² and 29,120 km² with monthly average wind speeds of 6.55 m/s and 6.15 m/s. The correlation of wind speed and upwelling area showed a fairly high correlation in La Nina and Normal conditions with a correlation value of 0.58 and 0.54. Wind speed does not significantly affect the upwelling area during El Nino conditions with a very low correlation value of 0.06.Keywords: Upwelling area, Monsoon Wind, the Southern Java Waters, La Nina, El Nino
Perubahan Ketebalan Lapisan Termoklin akibat Variabilitas Iklim ENSO dan IOD di Perairan Selat Bali
Authors: Rachman Georgina Faulia , Wirasatriya Anindya , Setiyono Heryoso
Published: November 2023

Selat Bali merupakan perairan semi tertutup yang menghubungkan Laut Bali di bagian utara dan Samudera Hindia di bagian selatan. Perairan ini juga memisahkan Pulau Jawa di sisi barat dan Pulau Bali di sisi timur. Lapisan termoklin merupakan lapisan perairan laut yang dicirikan terjadi penurunan temperatur yang cepat terhadap kedalaman. Kedalaman termoklin merupakan parameter fisis lautan yang letaknya bisa berubah-ubah secara vertikal. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji lapisan termoklin yang terdapat di selat Bali dan melihat terdapatnya pengaruh dari variabilitas iklim ENSO dan IOD dengan menggunakan data angin, ONI, DMI dan vertikal temperatur dalam jangka waktu 11 tahun (2010-2020). Ditemukan lapisan termoklin pada bagian utara dan selatan di perairan Selat Bali dengan hasil ketebalan saat kondisi La Niña (2011) sebesar 119,5m, El Niño (2016) sebesar 50m, IOD (+) 2017 sebesar 100,5m dan IOD (-) 2019 sebesar 150,2m pada bagian utara. Sedangkan bagian selatan saat kondisi La Niña (2011) sebesar 190,5m, El Niño (2016) sebesar 19,5m, IOD (+) 2017 sebesar 106,5m dan IOD (-) 2019 sebesar 90,5m. Pada tahun 2016 terjadi peristiwa pendangkalan pada batas bawah di bagian selatan. Peristiwa ini disebabkan karena menguatnya arus lintas Indonesia yang diduga menekan batas atas sehingga lapisan tersebut mengalami pendalaman.Kata kunci: Perairan Selat Bali, Lapisan Termoklin, ENSO dan IOD The Bali Strait is a semi-enclosed water that connects the Bali Sea in the north and the Indian Ocean in the south. These waters also separate the island of Java on the west side and the island of Bali on the east side. The thermocline layer is a layer of marine waters which is characterized by a rapid decrease in temperature with depth. The depth of the thermocline is a physical parameter of the ocean whose location can vary vertically. This study aims to examine the thermocline layer in the Bali strait and see the influence of ENSO and IOD climate variability using wind, ONI, DMI and vertical temperature data for a period of 11 years (2010-2020). Thermocline layers were found in the northern and southern parts of the waters of the Bali Strait with thickness results under La Nia (2011) conditions of 119.5m, El (2016) of 50m, IOD (+) 2017 of 100.5m and IOD (-) 2019 of 150.2m in the north. While the southern part during La Nia (2011) conditions was 190.5m, El Niño (2016) was 19.5m, IOD (+) 2017 was 106.5m and IOD (-) 2019 was 90.5m. In 2016 there was a silting event at the lower boundary in the southern part. This incident was caused by the strengthening of Indonesian traffic flow, which allegedly suppressed the upper boundary so that the layer was deepened.Keywords: Bali Strait Waters, Thermocline Layers, ENSO and IOD
Analisis Kerentanan Pesisir di Kabupaten Kendal
Authors: Yuliastini Laras Febri , Zainuri Muhammad , Widiaratih Rikha
Published: November 2023

Perubahan iklim menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan suhu yang berdampak pada pencairan es di area Antartika dan Artik sehingga terjadi kenaikan muka air laut. Kendal merupakan salah satu daerah di Jawa Tengah bagian utara yang berbatasan langsung dengan Laut Jawa dan merupakan daerah dataran rendah. Wilayah bagian utara Kendal merupakan daerah dataran rendah dengan ketinggian antara 0 – 10 m dpl. Hal ini menyebabkan daerah pesisir menjadi rentan dengan perubahan fisik apabila kenaikan muka air laut terus terjadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan tingkat kerentanan pesisir di Kabupaten Kendal, yang didetaikan menjadi 7 Kecamatan yang berada di bagian utara Kendal. Kajian kerentanan wilayah pesisir dilakukan dengan metode Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa indeks kerentanan pesisir dan tingkat kerentanan di Kabupaten Kendal antara lain Kecamatan Rowosari 18,52 kerentanan sedang, Kangkung 7,17 kurang rentan, Cepiring 13,89 kerentanan sedang, Patebon 18,52 kerentanan sdang, Kendal 17,93 kerentanan sedang, Brangsong 8,02 kurang rentan, dan Kaliwungu 21,38 kerentanan sedang.Kata kunci: Kerentanan Pesisir, CVI, Kendal Climate change causes changes in temperature which have an impact on melting ice in the Antarctic and Arctic areas, resulting in sea level rise. Kendal is one of the areas in northern Central Java which is directly adjacent to the Java Sea and is a lowland area. The northern part of Kendal is a lowland area with an altitude between 0 – 10 m above sea level. This causes coastal areas to be vulnerable to physical changes if sea level rise continues to occur. This study aims to determine the level of coastal vulnerability in Kendal Regency, which are detailed into 7 Districts in the northern part of Kendal. The coastal area vulnerability study was conducted using the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) method. The results showed that the coastal vulnerability index and the level of vulnerability in Kendal Regency included Rowosari District 18.52 moderate vulnerability, Kangkung 7.17 less vulnerable, Cepiring 13.89 moderate vulnerability, Patebon 18.52 moderate vulnerability, Kendal 17.93 moderate vulnerability, Brangsong 8.02 less vulnerable, and Kaliwungu 21.38 moderate vulnerability.Keywords: Coastal Vulnerability, CVI, Kendal
Just Good Enough to Eat? Animals in Theological Ethics Approaches
Authors: Lintner Martin M.
Published: November 2023

The way humans treat animals is ambivalent: we bury our pets in animal cemeteries, and we slaughter and eat others. Even though the use of animals and coexistence with them has shaped people’s lives since time immemorial, Theology has long misjudged the importance of a theological reflection on animals. This has also led to blind spots in theological ethics. In the meantime, there are not only important approaches to a theology that takes animals into account but also a range of approaches within Catholic moral theology has been developed that seek to do justice to the intrinsic value of animals. They require a profound change in the human-animal relationship in the light of the Christian faith and call for more humane treatment of animals. This article presents the most important of those approaches from the German-speaking region and attempts to show common concerns but also different figures of argumentation.
The Animal within Creation: Thoughts from Christian Theology
Authors: Kolářová Lucie
Published: November 2023

The article’s topic is animal in Christian religion and concept of creation. It describes how Christian theology has reflected the status and significance of animals in the historical development, which positions it has created or preferred in this matter and how they have changed from biblical times until our post-modern present age. Methodically this cross-section through history means that each period is conveyed in its basic features and presented through selected authors, works or texts of the given time. Along with the historical line, the text also follows the principal question of the nature of the relation between human and animal from a theological viewpoint. The object of reflection is thus also the theoretical basis for a morally justifiable relation of post-modern people to other living creatures. The text mainly deals with the following key aspects: a) anthropocentrism and its difficulties in relation to the position of animals in the western, traditionally Christian culture, b) possible ethical perspectives and consequences of the theological concept of creation for the status of animal today.
Sammlung, digitale Erschließung und Archivierung von Migrationskorrespondenzen: Bibliotheken und Bürgerwissenschaften als zentrale Akteure im digitalen Arbeitsprozess
Authors: Lehmkuhl Ursula
Published: November 2023

Migrationskorrespondenzen gehören zwar zum kulturellen Erbe, sie werden aber nur in seltenen Fällen auf institutioneller Ebene archiviert. Sie befinden sich in der Regel in privaten Archiven oder Sammlungen und sind damit für die Forschung nicht oder nur sehr schwer zugänglich. Der Artikel erläutert ausgehend von der „Deutschen Auswandererbriefsammlung“ den Quellenwert von Migrationskorrespondenzen und zeigt die Notwendigkeit einer engen Kooperation mit Bibliotheken und Bürgerwissenschaftler:innen auf. Beides ist notwendig, um das äußerst sperrige Quellenmaterial digital zu erschließen und damit die existierenden digitalen Wissensordnungen durch nicht-kanonische Texte zu diversifizieren.
Research progress of autophagy in pathogenesis of diabetes nephropathy
Authors: Zeng Shengnan , Li Ying
Published: November 2023

Diabetes nephropathy (DN), as one of the most common complications of diabetes and the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the world, is closely related to the incidence rate of type 1 and 2 diabetes. Due to the increasing prevalence and mortality of diabetes, it is of great significance to treat DN effectively. However, the pathogenesis of DN is extremely complex and has not been fully elucidated. As shown by recent studies, the pathogenesis of DN may be related to renal injury caused by autophagy, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammatory reaction, and excessive activation of renin angiotensin aldosterone system. Indeed, autophagy is a highly conserved self-protection mechanism, through which cells degrade and recycle intracellular macromolecules and organelles to maintain intracellular environmental homeostasis and structural integrity. It has been confirmed that autophagy plays a crucial role in maintaining the environmental stability of glomeruli and tubules, and the damage of autophagy is related to the pathogenesis of DN. At the same time, a large amount of evidence indicates that the targeting autophagy pathway to activate and restore autophagy activity may exert a nephroprotective effect. Thus, this paper reviews the recent progress of autophagy in the pathogenesis of DN.
Adolescent and young adult long-acting reversible contraception post-insertion visit attendance before and after COVID-19
Authors: Bryson Amanda E. , Milliren Carly E. , Borzutzky Claudia , Golub Sarah A. , Pitts Sarah A. B. , DiVasta Amy D.
Published: November 2023

Objectives

Widespread use of telemedicine for contraceptive care, including long-acting reversible contraception (LARC), was adopted in the United States in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the rapid implementation of these services, little is known about the use of telemedicine for adolescent and young adult (AYA) contraceptive care. This study examined the routine use of telemedicine for LARC post-insertion care by comparing visit attendance between AYAs receiving LARC before and after the COVID-19 pandemic onset.

Methods

This analysis included LARC insertions 3/1/19–11/30/19 (pre-pandemic onset cohort) and 4/1/20–12/31/20 (post-pandemic onset cohort) from three Adolescent Medicine subspecialty clinics in the United States. De-identified data were collected via review of the electronic health record. Descriptive statistics, χ2 tests, and t-tests described and compared groups. Adjusted logistic regression models examined factors associated with attending a post-insertion visit and attending this visit via telemedicine.

Results

This analysis included 525 LARC insertions (279 pre- and 246 post-pandemic onset). The proportion of AYAs attending a post-insertion visit increased after the COVID-19 pandemic onset (pre 30 % vs. post 46 %; p≤0.001). Adjusted models revealed that the post-pandemic onset cohort was nearly twice as likely to attend a post-insertion visit as the pre-pandemic onset cohort (OR=1.90; 95 % CI=1.68–2.15). Of those attending this visit in the post-pandemic onset cohort (n=112), 42 % utilized telemedicine.

Conclusions

AYAs were more likely to attend post-insertion visits after the COVID-19 pandemic onset than before. Telemedicine may have influenced this change in visit attendance.
Overview of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and associated factors: a scoping review
Authors: Almahmoud Omar H. , Baniodeh Baraa , Musleh Reem , Asmar Sanabel , Zyada Mohammed , Qattousah Hadeel
Published: November 2023

Around the world, idiopathic scoliosis accounts for the majority of occurrences of adolescent scoliosis. The absence of underlying congenital or neuromuscular problems distinguishes adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), which affects children ages 13 to 18, from other kinds of scoliosis. The prevalence of AIS is influenced by a number of variables, such as physical activity, gender, backpacks, body mass index, and others. AIS has an impact on the child’s development not just physically but also psychologically, emotionally, and mentally. This study used nationwide databases to describe the prevalence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and associated risk variables. The current review analysis showed that AIS was significant worldwide and that adolescent gender, physical activity, body mass index, backpack carrying and backpack weight were all significant risk factors for developing AIS.
The relationship between the history of PDE5-inhibitors assumption and melanoma: a systematic review
Authors: Cilio Simone , Briatico Giulia , Brancaccio Gabriella , Capone Federico , Ferro Matteo , Imbimbo Ciro , Salonia Andrea , Argenziano Giuseppe , Crocetto Felice
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5-is) are used worldwide as first line therapy for erectile dysfunction (ED). Current literature reported data on the warning association between PDE5-is use and the development of cutaneous melanoma. However, these data are contrasting, thus we aim to summarise evidence regarding this association.

Content

A systematic review of all published articles related to the effects of PDE5-is in the development of cutaneous melanoma was performed. PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library were queried for all the published studies indexed up to the 26th of May 2023. A combination of keywords related to PDE5-is and melanoma were used. Only original studies based on human subjects in the English language were included in the analysis.

Summary and Outlook

Of 505 articles identified, only eight original articles were considered for further analysis. Overall, five of the selected articles including 657,984 subjects agrees on an increased risk of developing melanoma in PDE5-is users. On the other hand, three original articles based on data regarding 360,915 subjects, disagree with the previous statement declaring any association between PDE5-i use and melanoma. Current literature still reports contrasting data regarding the association between PDE5-is assumption and increased risk of melanoma, but a possible association is described, bringing attention to higher risk melanoma category of patients. More clinical studies are needed to clarify the impact of PDE5-is in the development and progression of melanoma.
Capital Account Liberalization, Structural Change, and Female Employment
Authors: Akin Selin Secil , Montecino Juan Antonio
Published: November 2023

This paper studies the effects of capital account liberalization on female employment and its implications for structural change in developing countries. Using a large industry-level panel of 88 low and low-middle-income countries, we provide evidence that episodes of financial liberalization lead to large declines in female employment in tradable sectors. These declines are driven primarily by structural reallocation effects between sectors, although we also find modest changes in the gender composition of employment within sectors, depending on the sample definition. Based on this evidence, we build a stylized model of a small open economy with tradable and nontradable sectors featuring occupational segregation across genders. We use this framework to study the impact of capital inflows and the female wage penalty on female employment in tradables and the real exchange rate. Our model also implies that when the female burden of non-market home production is sufficiently large, capital inflows will disproportionately hurt female employment relative to male employment.
Trade Liberalization and Gender Inequality in India: A Task Content of Occupations Approach
Authors: Sharma Shruti
Published: November 2023

This paper considers the differential impact of input and output tariff liberalization on gender outcomes in India’s labour markets. It is the first to distinguish between occupational categories based on their task content to analyse these effects. Recent evidence suggests that trade induced competition and technological upgradation can reduce gender-employment and gender-wage gaps in labour markets. This paper identifies the occupational categories most affected by these competition and technology adoption effects of trade liberalization. It finds that competition effects of output tariff liberalization increases employment of female workers in routine occupations – both manual and cognitive – and reduces gender-employment gaps in routine manual occupations. On the other hand, input tariff liberalization worsens gender-employment gaps in routine manual occupations. The effect of input tariff liberalization on female workers in routine cognitive occupations, however, is to increase cohort-level employment, and there is some evidence that it increases cohort-level average wages for female workers and reduces the gender-wage gap in non-routine cognitive occupations.
Identifying stir casting process parameters to maximize strength of LM13 with TiB2 and ZrC hybrid metal matrix composite
Authors: Siddharthan Balakrishnan , Arumugam Kumaravel
Published: November 2023

In this study, an LM13 metal-matrix composite was fabricated using two reinforcement particles (hard and soft) of titanium diboride and zirconium carbide. An experimental design was used to narrow down the trials. The significance of the model was tested using Student’s t-test and p values. The response surface statistical method was used to obtain the optimum process parameters for the high-strength hybrid metal matrix composite. From the experimental results, a maximum strength of 209 MPa was gained at a stirrer speed of 700 rpm, weight fraction of TiB2 and ZrC of 9 %, and casting temperature of 675 °C. The ANOVA results showed that TiB2 was the main influential process parameter, followed by the stirrer speed, casting temperature, and zirconium boride. The microstructure showed a fine and uniform distribution of reinforcement particles in the LM13 matrix. The fracture surface exhibited a mixed fracture pattern, which was due to the good bonding between the reinforcement and matrix at the interface.
A novel exploration of how localized magnetic field affects vortex generation of trihybrid nanofluids
Authors: Ahmad Shabbir , Ali Kashif , Khalid Fareeha , McKeon John Joseph , Alballa Tmader , Khalifa Hamiden Abd El-Wahed , Cai Jianchao
Published: November 2023

Nanofluidics have better thermal properties than regular fluids, which makes them useful for heat transfer applications. This research investigated the complex dynamics of confined magnetic forces that influence the rotation of nanostructures and vortex formation in a tri-hybrid nanofluid (Ag, Al2O3, TiO2) flow regime. The study shows that the magnetic field can change the flow and heat transfer of nanofluidic, depending on its direction and strength. The study also provides insights into the complex physics of nanofluid flow and heat transfer, which can help design devices that use nanofluids more efficiently for cooling electronics, harvesting solar energy, and generating power from fuel cells. We used a single-phase model to model the nanofluids while the governing partial differential equations were solved numerically. An alternating-direction implicit approach has been employed to analyze the impact of confined magnetic fields on the nanofluid flow and thermal properties. Unlike previous studies that assumed uniform magnetic fields, we introduced multiple confined magnetic fields in the form of horizontal and vertical strips. Using our custom MATLAB codes, we systematically examined various parameters, including the magnetic field strength, number of strips and their position, and nanoparticle volume fraction, to assess their effects on nanofluid flow and thermal characteristics. Our findings revealed that the confined Lorentz force induced the spinning of tri-hybrid nanoparticles, resulting in a complicated vortex structure within the flow regime. In the absence of a magnetic field, a single symmetric vortex can be seen in the flow field. However, the introduction of magnetic sources stretches this vortex until it splits into two smaller, weaker vortices in the lower cavity, rotating clockwise or counterclockwise. Furthermore, the magnetic field strength significantly reduces both skin friction and the Nusselt number, while Reynolds numbers mainly affect the Nusselt number.
Erythrocyte labile iron pool indicating concealed iron overload in non-transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia
Authors: Chutvanichkul Boonyanuch , Vattanaviboon Phantip , Mas-oodi Sumana , U-pratya Yaowalak , Wanachiwanawin Wanchai
Published: November 2023

Objectives

Not only do transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) patients have a risk of clinical consequences arising from iron overload, non-transfusion-dependent thalassemia (NTDT) patients may encounter it also. In this study, we demonstrated the usefulness of intra-erythrocyte labile iron pool (LIP) measurement in NTDT patients with HbE/β-thalassemia in revealing a concealed iron overload and the resultant oxidative cell damage.

Methods

LIP and ferritin levels were assayed in 20 HbE/β-thalassemia patients, comprising 10 NTDT and 10 TDT patients and 10 healthy individuals. Erythrocyte oxidative stress parameters (intraerythrocyte reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, numbers of erythrocyte vesicles, and cell apoptosis) were also determined and their correlations to LIP and ferritin levels were analyzed.

Results

LIP levels (based on different mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) values obtained by flow cytometry) were high in both the NTDT (54 [42–90]) and TDT (71 [68–77]) patients compared to the healthy individuals (43 [31–61]). The ferritin level observed in the NTDT group (2,149 [781–4,071] ng/mL) was lower than that of the TDT group (4,885 [2,343–7,826] ng/mL). The LIP level was significantly correlated with the NTDT patients’ age and all oxidative stress parameters, but the ferritin level was not. Correlation analysis predicted that NTDT patients without receiving any therapy aged 32.5 years old or over are likely at risk of iron overload status and oxidative cell damage.

Conclusions

The results indicate that LIP may be a helpful alternative parameter for defining the risk of iron overload.
Die Regulierungswut muss aufhören – wir ruinieren unser Land!
Authors: Junker Claudia
Published: November 2023

The ever increasing regulation is overwhelming and strangles the companies. It ties up enormous resources, foremost the upcoming EU Supply Chain Directive. Regulation is based on anecdotic examples instead of a systematic analysis. Simple proposals to ease up the burden to come along with the European supply chain regulation – e. g. excluding the supply chain parts laying within Europe – exist, but the debate does not progress. Other examples of the ever increasing regulation include the Foreign Subsidies Regulation and the Barrier-Free Reinforcement Act. Again, well intended regulation. But all adding up to an immense bureaucratic burden. That the Federal Ministry of Justice has put the reduction of bureaucracy on its to-do-list gives hope. In times of crises such as the pandemic, wars, energy crisis, climate crises and inflation, burdens on businesses should be reduced to free up resources.
Insulin autoimmune syndrome: not just one but two different diseases with therapeutic implications
Authors: Wammer Anne Cathrine Parelius , Nermoen Ingrid , Medbøe Thorsby Per , Bolstad Nils , Lima Kari , Tran Hoa , Følling Ivar
Published: November 2023

We present a young woman with treatment resistant insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) with a protracted course. Her serum insulin level was 6945 pmol/l (<160), C-peptide 4042 pmol/L (<1480), anti-insulin antibodies 5305 U/mL (<0.4) were monoclonal IgG kappa. After 12 h of fasting, her blood glucose fell to 1.2 mmol/L. Post-meal blood glucose peaked at 12.2 mmol/L with reactive hypoglycaemia below 2 mmol/L. Frequent meals and continuous blood glucose monitoring were helpful, but further treatments advocated in the literature with prednisolone, rituximab, plasmapheresis, cyclophosphamide and ciclosporin were without beneficial effect.

Based on this case and a review of the literature, we propose that IAS is not one but two different diseases with different therapeutic strategies. The first disease, polyclonal IAS, predominates in Asia and is characterized by polyclonal anti-insulin antibodies, association with certain HLA genotypes and other autoimmune conditions, medications and viral infections possibly triggering the disease, a possible female predominance among young patients and a tendency towards spontaneous remission. The other disease, monoclonal IAS, predominates in Caucasians. Typical features are monoclonal anti-insulin antibodies, only weak HLA association, no drug predisposition, no sex difference, rare remission and conventional therapy often being without any clinical effect. We suggest that monoclonal IAS with IgG or IgA anti-insulin antibodies should receive therapy targeting plasma cells rather than lymphocytes.

Learning points

IAS may be considered as two separate diseases, polyclonal and monoclonal.

The presence of either polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies should determine the choice of treatment for IAS.

In polyclonal IAS, discontinuation of a triggering medication and treatment of triggering conditions should be the backbone of therapy.

Monoclonal IAS should receive treatment targeting plasma cells.
Un viaje al centro del libro
Authors: Vidal-Franco María , Cortizas Varela Olalla
Published: November 2023

En este artículo se realiza un recorrido por una selección de cuatro cuentos cuyo tema principal gira alrededor de los libros y del entorno de las bibliotecas. En concreto, se analizan tres álbumes ilustrados y un libro de poesías: El libro en el libro, de Jörg Müller; El libro que se sentía solo, de Kate Bernheimer, ilustrado por Chris Sheban; El pez rojo, de Taeeun Yoo; y Los versos del libro tonto, de Beatriz Giménez de Ory, ilustrado por Paloma Valdivia. El motivo principal de esta publicación es mostrar un terreno poco explorado como es el de la metaliteratura, un ámbito que tiene muchas ventajas que ofrecer en el mundo de la animación a la lectura y en el mundo de la educación literaria. La idea consiste en explorar algunas características y algunos recursos paratextuales de las obras literarias que puedan ser interesantes para estimular a la niñez (nos referimos a protagonistas que acaban dentro del cuento, a libros humanizados, a viajes hacia el interior del libro, a referencias intertextuales al arte…). En definitiva, estos recursos constituyen una importante ayuda para que los mediadores capten la atención de los lectores infantiles.
Environmental Governance and International Relations: A Systematic Review of Theories, Methods, and Issues in Latin American Publications
Authors: Cia-Alves Elia Elisa , Quirino-Steiner Andrea , Freitas-Amaral Agnes María
Published: November 2023

Home to the Amazon and other important biomes and to countries with long coastlines, most of Latin America faces a variety of enduring environmental challenges. Nonetheless, the region’s academic production on international environmental policy is fragmented and dispersed. This study aims to systematically analyze the literature on environmental governance in Latin America (2004–2023), with a special focus on theoretical approaches, methods, and issues. Our sample includes papers published in indexed academic journals written in English, Portuguese, or Spanish to answer the following question: How can Latin American literature on environmental policy help us understand environmental governance in the region and globally? Complementarily, we ask the following: What topics have been prioritized? What theories and methods have been used? What gaps remain? We suggest a future research agenda and hope to help strengthen the international relations (IR) environmental governance literature by providing subsidies to improve research in the region.
A Multi Document Summarization of Learning Materials using Bigram Embedding Technique and Integer Linear Programming
Authors: K Sakkaravarthy Iyyappan , SR Balasundaram
Published: November 2023

In the present era of the Internet, teachers and learners are heavily inclined to use e-learning systems for an efficient learning process. Due to the proliferation of educational text contents in these e-learning systems, the need for incorporating advanced text analysis tools and techniques are becoming inevitable. Multi Document Summarization (MDS) is a technique for producing concise summaries from a collection of related text documents. The usage of MDS in the context of e-learning is more promising for providing summaries for learning materials which helps students and teachers to focus on key concepts of the learning materials. In this paper a semantic approach towards the learning material summarization is proposed based on bigram embedding and ILP technique. This approach considers bigram as the basic meaningful semantic unit of the sentences to understand and summarize documents. Embedding techniques are employed to learn the vector representation of phrases to semantically identify similar phrases to reduce the redundancy and improving coherence. Using ILP technique, the summaries were generated by selecting important sentences while reducing the redundancy using phrase vectors. Experimental results on newly created educational dataset (EduSumm) shows better performance compared to the baseline systems.
Methods and software for significant indicators determination of the natural language texts author profile
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Shynkarenko V.I. , Demydovych I.M. ,   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies
Published: November 2023

Methods for the formation and optimization of author profiles are presented. The author profile is an image – a vector in a multidimensional space, which components are author’s texts measurements by a number of methods based on 4-grams, stemming, recurrence analysis and formal stochastic grammar. The author’s profile is a model of his language, including vocabulary, sentence syntax features. A comparative analysis of each of the methods effectiveness is carried out. By means of the genetic algorithm, a reduced profile of the author is formed. Insignificant indicators are excluded, which allows to reduce their number by 20%. The reduced author’s profile contains attributes that are significant for this author and is an effective attribution of a particular author.
Deeplearning-based approach to improving numerical weather forecasts
Authors:   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Doroshenko А.Yu. , Shpyg V.M. ,   Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine and the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kushnirenko R.V. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine
Published: November 2023

This paper briefly describes the history of numerical weather prediction development. The difficulties, which occur in the modelling of atmospheric processes, their nature and possible ways of their mitigation, are described. It also indicates alternative methods of improving the quality of meteorological forecasts. A brief history of deep learning and possible ways of its application to meteorological problems are given. Then, the paper describes the format used to store the 2m temperature forecasts of the COSMO numerical regional model. The proposed neural network architecture enables correcting the forecast errors of the numerical model. We conducted the experiments on the data of eight meteorological stations of the Kyiv region, so we obtained eight trained neural network models. The results showed that the proposed architecture enables obtaining better-quality forecasts in more than 50% of cases. Root-mean-square errors of the resulting forecasts decreased, and it is a widespread skill-score of improved-quality forecasts in meteorological science.
Forecasting the price index on the energy market of Ukraine considering the effect of the “green” tariffs laws
Authors:   General Energy Institute of NAS of Ukraine, 172, Antonovycha St., Kyiv, 03150, Ukraine, Kulyk Mykhailo
Published: November 2023

The "green" tariff laws in effect in Ukraine were adopted without the necessary technical and economic justification. These laws provide RES owners a wide range of preferences, which in total lead to hypertrophied losses of the Ukrainian energy market. In the process of the state developing a set of measures to radically improve the existing situation, it is necessary to have a wide range of methods of system analysis, including the determination of price indices on the energy market. In the paper a new method and a corresponding mathematical model for determining price indices on energy markets are proposed and tested on real data in conditions of solar and wind power plants functioning in the integrated energy system structure and when "green" tariff laws actions. The model determines the size of the electricity production sector, where competitive relations are maintained. Then the total costs of the energy market are calculated for the summary production of electricity in the power system at both market and fixed prices. The new price is defined as the ratio of total costs to the capacity of electricity production in the sector with competitive relations. The price index is calculated as the ratio of the new price to the market price recorded on the energy market in the base year. Calculations based on real data of the Ukraine’s IES for 2021 showed that if there were no RES in the energy system structure, the market price for electricity would be 2.17 times lower than the actual price. Research of the price index on the energy market of Ukraine at the development of its IES in accordance with the approved government documents showed that at the level of 2030 the average price for electricity will increase by 3.74 times. The country's economy will not be able to withstand such an electricity prices increasing. To solve this problem of national importance, a fundamentally new approach must be implemented. One of the effective solutions is the organization of RES functioning based on the principle of self-sufficiency, when RES ensures frequency and power stability with its own energy. Keywords: market price, price index, energy system, energy market, preference, payback.
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Information for the Pediatrician
Authors: Oliva-Hemker Maria , Kahn Stacy A. , Steinbach William J. ,   SECTION ON GASTROENTEROLOY, HEPATOLOGY, AND NUTRITION, Cohen Mitchell B. , Brumbaugh David , Cole Conrad , Dotson Jennifer L. , Harpavat Sanjiv , Lightdale Jenifer R. , Mallon Daniel , Oliva-Hemker Maria M. , Burrowes Debra L. ,   COMMITTEE ON INFECTIOUS DISEASES, Maldonado Yvonne A. , O’Leary Sean T. , Ardura Monica I. , Banerjee Ritu , Bryant Kristina A. , Campbell James D. , Caserta Mary T. , John Chandy C. , Gerber Jeffrey S. , Kourtis Athena P. , Ratner Adam J. , Romero José R. , Shah Samir S. , Zangwill Kenneth M. , Steinbach William J. , Kimberlin David W. , Barnett Elizabeth D. , Lynfield Ruth , Sawyer Mark H. , Bernstein Henry H. , Cohn Amanda C. , Farizo Karen M. , Kafer Lisa M. , Kim David , López Medina Eduardo , Moore Denee , Panagiotakopoulos Lakshmi , Sauvé Laura , Silverman Neil S. , Starke Jeffrey R. , Tomashek Kay M. , Frantz Jennifer M.
Published: November 2023

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) involves the delivery of an entire microbial community from a healthy donor to a recipient with the intention of ameliorating or curing a specific disease. Current evidence strongly supports a role for FMT in the treatment of Clostridiodes difficile infection, with cure rates of approximately 80% to 90%. This success has led to increasing attention for FMT as a potential therapeutic intervention for other conditions associated with disturbances of the intestinal microbiome, including inflammatory bowel diseases, autism spectrum disorder, and obesity. This clinical report endorses the joint society statement by the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, and the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition and is meant to provide the general pediatrician with a broad overview to enable appropriate guidance to families seeking FMT as treatment of a child’s condition.
Експертна оцінка та конфлікт інтересів в епоху постправди
Authors: Кармадонова Т. М.
Published: November 2023

Стаття присвячена актуальним питанням експертної оцінки та проблемі конфлі- кту інтересів у науковій діяльності. Зазначено, що поширення феномену постправди активізувало питання конфлікту інтересів у науці. Використано матеріали «Кодексу наукової етики» щодо прав та обовʼязків наукових працівників, визнаних міжнародною спільнотою, та щодо конфлікту інтересів як ситуації, за якої на судження, висновки та дії окремої особи впливають численні конфліктні, протилежні за формою та змістом інтереси. Показано, що конфлікти інтересів частіше виникають у трьох видах досліджень: прикладні дослідження, цільові дослідження, практично-орієнтовані дослідження. Роз- глянуто «Угоду про реформування оцінювання наукових досліджень», підготовлену та ухвалену міжнародною Асамблею стейкхолдерів, куди увійшли більше ніж 350 університетів та організацій із понад 40 країн. Угода пропонує орієнтуватися головним чином на експертні оцінки як експертів у визначеній сфері, так і залучених незалежних експертів для оцінювання результатів наукових робіт. Показано, що експертна оцінка покликана нейтралізувати негативний ефект конфлікту інтересів у науці. Окреслено, що для вирішення проблеми конфліктів інтересів та експертних оцінок останнім часом активно розробляються технології, що ґрунтуються на нових досягненнях машинного навчання. Проаналізовано формування нового феномену «постправди» при оцінюванні текстів та повідомлень ЗМІ, коли відкидання порад експертів прирівнюється до утвердження власної незалежності. Підкреслено, що відновлення авторитету експертної думки стає не лише предметом філософських диспутів, але й питанням колективної безпеки.
До проблеми конвергенції філософії і літератури
Authors: Родний О. В.
Published: November 2023

Філософія має справу з певними дуже складними питаннями, пов’язаними з життям і досвідом людини. В усі часи художня література – засіб осмислення дійсності. Цей факт передбачає постійну увагу дослідників до її гносеологічних можливостей. Філософський дискурс передбачає також і літературний дискурс. Метою статті є окреслення основних проблем взаємин літератури та філософії на сучасному етапі розвитку гуманітарної науки. Методологія роботи заснована на взаємодії компаративного аналізу та історико-філософській рефлексії. Опис основних результатів. Показано, що наукові, мистецькі та філософські взаємозв’язки, їхня залежність і взаємне зближення є симптомом сучасного стану культури. Філософія формує не просто знання про світ, вона формує знання людських смислів. Існує низка наукових досліджень, які презентують позитивний досвід вивчення літератури в її взаємодії з іншими духовними аспектами суспільства. Крім того, творчість М. Бахтіна, С. Аверінцева заклала основу взаємозв’язку літератури та філософії. Визначено, що під впливом процесів суспільного життя сформувалася тенденція зближення різних галузей гуманітарних наук, завдяки чому художня література набула нового статусу. На цей час онтологічний аспект взаємодії філософії та літератури не втрачає своєї цінності.
Extended Testing of Strand Lifting Loop Capacity
Authors: Cross Rachel , Chhetri Sandip
Published: November 2023

This work on lifting loops builds on previous investigations and testing (Chhetri et al, 2020; Chhetri et al, 2021) and considers additional design and detailing parameters for prestressing strand lifting loops. The results from the loops in lightweight concrete demonstrated the influence of Mohs hardness of the coarse aggregate on loop capacity. These loops generally performed better than the Mertz test loops in normalweight concrete (Chhetri et al., 2021), which had a softer coarse aggregate. In addition, the strand bond of the loops used for the lightweight concrete testing was higher. Both of these factors ought to be considered when deciding the safe load for lifting loops.