bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influences of “Public Speaking-Attractive Training” to the Public Speaking Anxiety (PSA)
Authors: Wati Nenden Lesmana , Yosep Iyus , Dharmansyah Dhika , Ibrahim Masdum
Published: March 2021

Public speaking is very important for nursing students because they are expected to become good health promotors in the future, such skills are therefore extremely helpful for career development prospects, though the act of public speaking can be daunting. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of public speaking attractive training on Public Speaking Anxiety (PSA). The design of this research is pre-experimental, with one group pre- and post-test. The population of this study is comprised of 20 nursing students who were members of the College Collaboration Organization. The total sampling technique was used. Training focused on personal strength and public delivery. Pre- and post-training were measured using the Personal Report of Public Speaking Anxiety (PRPSA), instrument modified from McCroskey, J. C. (2013). Generally, there was a marked a decrease in the level anxiety displayed by participants. This study showed that public speaking training had a positive impact on reducing PSA.
 
Keywords: Public Speaking, Attractive training, Anxiety, Nursing Students.
Stress Management for Family and Community During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Suryati Eti , Umar Erna , Hamdiah Dedeh
Published: March 2021

Although mental health issues are not considered as a disorder that causes immediate death, this disorder can lead to an individual’s inability to work. Stress is experienced by everyone. Mental pressure if not managed properly can lead to mental disorders and despair (suicide). For this reason, management of stress is an important thing in human life. A total of 30 community members agreed to participate in this program. Most (80%) were women with a mean age of 32.54 (SD = 2.76). The most frequently used sources of information were mostly (86.7%) via the internet. Based on the results of the paired t-test, it was found that this program was effective in increasing knowledge, attitudes, and behavior about COVID-19 and stress (p value <0.001), with a difference value of 7.13 for knowledge, 5.02 for attitudes, and 4.24. for behavior, 3.45 for stress. This program is an approach based on the empowerment of health workers by utilizing existing applications for communication, namely social media and reminder systems. A subsequent program needs to be developed to increase the sustainability of this iniative, such as through integrated development and using technology as a medium of delivery and promotion.
 
Keywords: stress management, COVID-19
Quality of Life Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus in Outpatient Department, General Public Hospital, West Java
Authors: Puspasari Susy , Farera Dilo Rivanca
Published: March 2021

Diabetic Mellitus causes many complications and profoundly affects patients’ lives, impacting their physical, psychological, and social well being. These complications are debilitating and significantly impair their quality of life. However, little is known about the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus in West Java Province, Indonesia, a gap addressed by this study. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a sample of 73 adult diabetes patients in the outpatient department of a general public hospital in West Java. The survey questionnaire included demographic data and the World Health Organisation (WHO) quality of life markers. The results indicate that of of 73 patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus agreed to join this study, 76.7% were age over 45 years old and 68% were female. The majority of the patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus reported a poor quality of life in 3 domains, physical domain (64.4%), psychological domain (53.4%), and environmental domain (52.1%). The social domain seems more favourable, with 54.8% of respondents reporting a good quality of life. This study indicates the importance of achieving better disease management to improve patient’ quality of life.
 
Keywords: Type 2 diabetic mellitus, quality of life, WHOQOL-BREF
Exploring Neuroprotective Properties of Centella Asiatica Extract on Metabolic Change in Chronic Stress-Induced Rats
Authors: Abdul Wahab Muhamad Zulhusni , Zakaria Fatin Nadzirah , Mohammad Noor Halimatul Saadiah , Zainal Abidin Muhammad Zaim , Hashim Nina Keterina , Dasiman Razif , Ismail Nor Hadiani , Amom Zulkhairi
Published: March 2021

Stress is a mode of adaptive response towards external demands, and prolonged exposure to stress is known to promote aging and neurodegeneration. Several therapies promote neuroprotection but are usually accompanied by adverse consequences. Traditional medicine has been proven as an effective alternative for promoting pharmacological health benefits such as wound healing, boosting memory function and reducing oxidative stress. Centella asiatica (CeA) has also gaining attention as an alternative option in promoting neuroprotective activities against neurodegenerative disorders and neuronal injuries. In this study, the neurodegenerative condition of rats was achieved using chronic stress through movement restraint and forced swimming for 21 consecutive days. Here, the neuroprotective properties of three different dosage of CeA (200 mg/kg/day, 400 mg/kg/day and 800 mg/kg/day) was evaluated using metabolomics approach. The administration of CeA shown distinction between untreated group and treated group; and reducing the effect of chronic stress in rats. The extract also demonstrated a significant elevation in several metabolites (lactate, isoleucine, proline, methionine, valine, leucine and glutamine) in rats treated with CeA, particularly in rats administered with 800 mg/kg of CeA. These significant metabolites play important roles in variety of biochemical function of the brain such as the synthesis of protein, energy metabolism, synthesis of neurotransmitter, protection against oxidative stress and compartmentalisation of glutamate. The results of this study may contribute towards greater understanding of molecular mechanism of CeA in promoting neuroprotective properties against neurodegeneration from exposure to chronic stress.
 
Keywords: Centella asiatica, Chronic Stress, NMR-based metabolomics, Serum Metabolites
Analysis of Disaster Response in AIR Force Hospital Dr. M. Salamun West Java
Authors: Irianto Gunawan , Rachmawati Heni , Mauliku Novie Elvinawaty
Published: March 2021

To ensure adequate preparation for disasters, every hospital must have a Disaster Planning Guideline for emergency responses. The main objective of this research was to analyze the disaster emergency response system at air force hospital Dr. M. Salamun in terms of input, process, and output aspects. This research is descriptive qualitative. The informants of this study were the management team who contribute directly to hospital policy. Data collection is done through in-depth interview techniques, observation, and document review. Data was analysed with the content validity and triangulation. Ther study determined that the hospital was not yet adequately prepared for the full range of potential disasters. The disaster prevention management plan, operational plans, and plans recovery are largely restricted to dealing with fire hazards, while other natural disasters are not yet fully accounted for. The responsible of implementing the emergency response was handled by Hygiene Safety Environmental (HSE) officer. Based on the observation Air Force Hospital Dr. M. Salamun in general is quite adequate to resolve disaster respond. Periodic evaluation and monitoring are needed both in the planning and implementation stages of disaster management both internally and externally, so as to reduce losses due to potential disasters.
 
Keywords: Hospital, disasters. System of management, input, proses, output, qualitative.
Descriptive Study of Certainty Level Towards Risk of Tuberculosis Disease in Productive Ages
Authors: Marlina Lela , Darmansyah Dhika
Published: March 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis which can attack the organs of the body and is still a public health problem in the world despite many countries’ have effort to control the disease. 75% of pulmonary TB sufferers are found at the most economically productive age (15-49) years. The Objective to determine the level of certainty level in the risk of TB at productive age. The methods using a descriptive using cross sectional design. Conducted in June 2019, with research subject include of 133 respondents in the area of Pagarsih Public Health Center in Bandung City. The results showed the productive age affected by TB reached (96%) 128. At the age level showed that the most people affected by TB were at the age of 26 - 35 years (42%) as many as 56 people. In gender it mostly 53% female type. Characteristics of education are greater in high school education with a number (48%) 64 people. In greater occupations, such in unemployed/housewives the result showed (60%) or 80 people. Productive age should be concerned specifically because it is very susceptible to TB.
 
Keywords: Certainty level, Tuberculosis, Productive Age.
Effectiveness Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) to Foot Care Behaviour and Foot Condition in Diabetes Mellitus Patient
Authors: Frisca Sanny
Published: March 2021

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is disease with hyperglycaemic condition. Hyperglycaemic can induce vascular problem (microvascular and macro vascular), neuropathy, and nephropathy. Microvascular and neuropathy can induce foot problem in patient, which can make amputation, increase medical cost, and care cost. Diabetes Self-Management and Education (DSME) can influence patient foot care behaviour and also patient foot condition. This research aim is to find effectiveness of DSME to patient foot care behaviour and patient foot condition. This research involve 112 respondents (intervention group= 56 respondents, control group= 56 respondents) with quasi experiment nonequivalent control group pre-test – post-test method. Intervention DSME was given for eight week with 15 minutes education every week for each patient, data collected by foot behaviour questionnaire and checking patient’s foot condition. In first week researcher collected pre-test data and in eight week researcher collect post-test data. Data analysed by ordinal regression at 5% for significant value. Result: DSME significantly increase foot care behaviour (p = 0.000) and influence foot behaviour 12.2%, DSME also significantly increase patient foot condition (p = 0.000) and influence foot condition 7.4%. DSME which applied with continuity can enhance foot care behaviour and awareness to checking foot condition then patient can avoid foot problem related to DM. Future research can use monofilament and Ankle Brachial Index for examination foot condition.
 
Keywords: DSME, foot care behaviour, foot condition
Glocal Initiatives in Fostering Collaboration in Pedagogical Transformation: Lessons From Universiti Teknologi Mara, Malaysia
Authors: Zumusni Hj Wan Mustapha Wan
Published: March 2021

Researchers have long propagated self-directed, lifelong learning as a way forward in grooming human capital. Language learning must transcend beyond the traditional classroom, which uses chalk and talk methods with a heavy reliance on textbooks, towards more flexible, learner-centered methods. The challenge of a lack of suitable teaching materials that are accessible for students outside the classroom can be overcome by using authentic reading materials available online and offline. The COVID-19 pandemic has pushed the digital learning agenda and has changed the way educators think and execute their teaching and assessment. It has certainly changed the way they work, live and communicate in their professional and personal lives. This paper addresses the challenges faced by English as a second language educators teaching during the pandemic and how pedagogical transformations can be done. Using developmental action research, this paper presents The Reader’s Digest story by tracing the history of academic-industry collaborations to enable transformation in teaching and learning through innovations at the tertiary level.
Keywords: teaching second language, reading beyond classrooms, academic-industry collaborations, teaching innovations, developmental action research
Poverty in Nunuk Y Kusmiana’s Novel Gadis Pesisir
Authors: . Asnani , Pratiwy Devi
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this research was to describe poverty in Nunuk Y. Kusmiana’s novel Gadis Pesisir. The book describes Umar and his daughter Halijah. Umar was a fisherman who did not use modern fishing technology. This greatly affected his fishing abilities, which made the family poor. This study adopted the poverty descriptions proposed by Soeharto (2005), namely a material, social and income description. The material description included daily primary needs such as clothing, food, shelter, health service and education. The social description included social exclusion, dependence on others and an inability to participate in society. The description of income included the lack of income associated with the number of children in the family. This study used descriptive qualitative methods because this is the most suitable method for literary phenomena (Endraswara, 2011). The descriptive method does not use numbers but uses an appreciation of the interaction between the concepts that are being studied empirically (Semi: 1993). The data collection used sorting and noting. The results of the study indicated that material, social and income features are not fulfilled in this novel.
Keywords: poverty, poverty description, material, social, income
Teacher’s and Students’ Interaction in an EFL Classroom
Authors: Safithri Armin Diah , Salmiah Maryati
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to investigate how often the English teacher uses explicit and implicit meanings during the teaching-learning process in primary school, and its impact on the students’ understanding of the English material. This study was a conversation analysis study that involved one class of grade four in a primary school in a city in Indonesia. This study employed qualitative methods, and used observations to collect data, namely by recording the teaching-learning interaction. The data were analyzed by interpreting the recorded script. The study revealed that the teacher used explicit meaning in the entire teaching-learning process, and these explicit meanings made the students understand the English material easily.
Keywords: explicit, implicit, children’s cognitive development, EFL classroom
Text Writing Using Motion Picture
Authors: Disten Manurung Diska , Pawiro Ali , Suhendi Andang
Published: March 2021

This research aimed to determine whether the use of motion picture as media has a significant effect on students’ abilities in writing text. The research design was quantitative. The sample consisted of students in 12th grade at 11 Medan, a state senior high school, in the 2019/2020 study year. It was based on the basic competency of the 2013 curriculum. The students were grouped into two groups (an experimental group and a control group). The groups each consisted of 36 students. The experimental group was taught by using motion pictures for text writing and the control group was taught by using the teacher’s method. The data were collected by giving a pretest and posttest to both groups. The results of the students that used motion picture were higher than of those taught without motion picture. A t-test was used to analyze the data, which showed that using motion pictures had a significant effect on the students’ writing ability.
Keywords: Writing, text procedure, motion pictures
Hate Speech on Social Media: A Pragmatic Approach
Authors: . Hidayati , . Aflina , . Arifuddin
Published: March 2021

This research is based on people’s behavior in communicating on social media, especially Facebook, which is currently developing without boundaries. In expressing their thoughts, a person often does not maintain ethics and provisions in communicating on social media. For personal gain, individuals or groups of people use language for the purpose of humiliating, insulting, degrading and defaming other individuals or groups of society they dislike. This phenomenon is widely known as hate speech. In line with the Pragmatic Approach, referring to the study of language use with its actual usage aspects, the utterances produced by language users have an effect that could influence the listener to grasp the meaning conveyed and take action as a result of the utterance. This study aims to reveal the types of hate speech on social media based on the criteria developed by Austin, and the meaning of hate speech spoken by individuals to other individuals on Facebook social media, using qualitative descriptive methods. The results show that hate speech on social media can be classified based on illocutionary acts developed by Austin, into verdictive, behabitives, and expositive.
Keywords: Pragmatics, social media, illocutionary acts, hate speech
Denotation and Connotation in Korean Drama Titles of 2019-2020
Authors: Pakpahan Friska
Published: March 2021

The research aimed to analyze the denotative and connotative meanings in Korean drama titles. The titles were chosen from the popular dramas of 2019-2020 based on Netflix and Forbes Magazine. This study was focused on finding the real meanings behind the titles. The study was done qualitatively by randomly selecting 20 Korean drama titles of 2019-2020. Connotation and denotation are parts of describing the meanings of words. Connotation refers to the implied meaning of a certain word, while denotation refers to the real meaning of a word or, simply said, is the dictionary meaning. The titles of the Korean dramas were not presented in the real sense, but there were other references or implied meanings behind all of the titles. This was so because a title is designed to be eye-catching, a term that is usually used in marketing. Furthermore, those implied meanings in the titles of the dramas were presented in such a way as to arouse emotion.
Keywords: Denotation, Connotation, Titles
Sourcing the Academic Works for English References: An Analysis of Students’ Perceptions
Authors: Nasution Juliana , Batubara Chuzaimah , Ridwan M , Sadri Idris
Published: March 2021

The role of English as the major language in the world has been impacting language policy in non-English speaking countries, including policy on scientific publication. Scholars are urged to access English sources. This study aimed to qualitatively explore Islamic economic students’ perceptions about referencing their academic works with sources written in English. The data were obtained through interviewing the students and were analyzed descriptively. The majority of students did not refer to English-written sources. There are several factors which limit them in doing so, despite its importance and even though most of the participants have access to the sources.
Keywords: Academic works. English, Islamic economic, references, scientific works
Symbolic Meanings of Tepak Sirih in Malay Ethnic Weddings Conducted at Desa Mahato Kecamatan Tambusai Utara Kabupaten Rokan Hulu Provinsi Riau
Authors: Ishak Siregar Kardian , Manugeren M , Purwarno Purwarno
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to analyze the symbolic meanings of Tepak Sirih in weddings conducted at Desa Mahato Kecamatan Tambusai Utara Kabupaten Rokan Hulu Provinsi Riau, predominantly by the Malay community. Descriptive qualitative methods were applied in the study. Social phenomena occurring naturally were described, with the aim of helping us to understand the world in which we live. The main theory to support this study is the theory of Semiotics. Data collection was through observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation with 20 key informants consisting of community leaders, scholars and community members. There are seven forms of symbolic meanings in Tepak Sirih: pinang (areca nut), which symbolizes good offspring of good character, honesty and a high degree; kapur (lime), which symbolizes kindness and sincerity, but when in a predicament one will turn aggressive and angry; gambir (gambier), which symbolizes determination; tembakau (tobacco), which symbolizes a steadfast heart and a readiness to sacrifice for all things; cengkih (cloves), which symbolizes the ability to maintain a reputation; sirih (betel Leaves), which symbolizes patience, brotherhood and unity; and kacip (scoop used primarily for gouging areca nut), which symbolizes a mutual agreement in making good decisions. The seven forms of Tepak Sirih are compulsory in the wedding with the main objective being to achieve a happy, harmonious and peaceful life for the bride and bridegroom and their offspring, which is in line with the general concept of marriage.
Keywords: honesty, kindness, self-determination, steadfast, reputation, patience
Theme and Rheme in Students' Writing
Authors: Qomariah Nurul
Published: March 2021

The objectives of this research were to investigate the types of theme and to describe the most dominant theme used in students’ writing. The data were 35 students’ Recount Text writing at SMA Negeri 4 Tanjung Balai, and the data were analyzed based on M. A. K Halliday & Matthiessen’s Theory (2014). The research was done using descriptive qualitative methods. The data collection involved observations and document study. The results showed that the most dominant theme was the topical theme (311, 74%) and the most dominant element of the topical theme in the students’ writing was the nominal group (222, 71%). The students used most of the clauses as a topical theme started by a word or phrase functioning as a subject and adjunct. All of the types of theme were used in the students’ Recount Text writing, except for the interpersonal theme (vocative adjunct, modal adjunct and finite verbal operators) and a part of the textual theme (continuative and conjunctive adjunct).
Keywords: Topical, Interpersonal, and Textual Theme
Figurative Language and Messages in Poems About COVID-19
Authors: Rezeki Sri
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to identify the types of figurative language used in poems about COVID-19 and to explain the messages of these poems. This research was conducted by using descriptive qualitative methods. The data were taken from five poems about COVID-19 on the Internet. The data were analyzed by using Leech’s theory to identify the types of figurative language and Nurgiyantoro’s theory to explain the meanings of the figurative language. There were eight types of figurative language found in the poems: metaphor (14.5 %), personification (13.3 %), simile (16.9%), hyperbole (13.3%), irony (8.5%), litotes (1.2%), metonymy (28.9%), and oxymoron (3.7%). The dominant type of figurative language used was therefore metonymy. There were two kinds of messages found, namely social messages and moral messages.
Keywords: Figurative Language, Poems, COVID-19
Racismo obstétrico: a política racial da gravidez, do parto e do nascimento
Authors: Tempesta Giovana Acacia , Eneile Morgana
Published: March 2021

No presente artigo, analiso relatos de parto de mulheres negras vivendo nos Estados Unidos. Esses relatos descrevem várias formas de racismo durante encontros médicos que aconteceram enquanto elas estavam grávidas ou durante o trabalho de parto e o parto. Na arena global da saúde da mulher, os problemas levantados são vistos como violência obstétrica. Entretanto, racismo obstétrico – enquanto evento e ferramenta de análise – captura melhor as particularidades do cuidado reprodutivo dispensado às mulheres negras durante os períodos pré e pós-natal. O racismo obstétrico é uma ameaça para desfechos de parto positivos. Eu argumento que profissionais da assistência ao parto, incluindo parteiras e doulas, fazem a mediação entre o racismo obstétrico e desfechos reprodutivos estratificados.
The Marxist-Leninist Doctrine in State Cognition: Legal Science Fundamentals and Novelties
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Jurisprudence of the Faculty of Innovation Studies and Production Engineering of the M.I. Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI) PhD (Philosophy), Associate Professor, Shmatova Elena S.
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the origin and development of the state on the basis of Marxist-Leninist theory. It is proved that in matters of understanding the state, a special role is played by the question of the versatility of the essence of the state and its typology. Attention is focused on the features of the formation of the socialist state from the position of the formation approach in the typology of the state. The author emphasizes the evolution of the provisions of the Marxist-Leninist doctrine in modern legal science, as well as their relevance in the context of political and legal pluralism.
The Establishment of Personnel of Military Transport and Transport Justice Authorities in 1941 to 1957
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Surgut State University PhD (History), Associate Professor, Shkarevskiy Denis N.
Published: March 2021

The formation and evolution of the personnel structure of transport justice bodies remains an urgent problem. The author traces the main sources and evolution of transport justice personnel in 1941–1957. The principles of formation and trends in the development of transport justice personnel were similar. These processes were controlled by party and state security agencies. Recruitment was carried out on formal grounds. The main focus was on political loyalty, work experience, nationality, and education. Among the main sources of recruitment were the General and special justice bodies. In the first half of the 1940s, the personnel policy towards transport justice employees was careful. After the war, the frames are updated. The radical changes occurred as a result of the election of judges of special courts in 1948–1949. The election of transport court judges has resulted in the rejuvenation of these cadres and increased their professionalism. The candidates with legal education and work experience in the justice system were selected. However, it was not possible to solve personnel problems until 1957. The proportion of judges without higher legal education continued to be high.
Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Berbasis Quranic Parenting
Authors: Oktarina Ani
Published: March 2021

Artikel ini membahas mengenai Pendidikan yang diberikan kepada orang tua terhadap anak-anaknya dengan memberikan pola asuh berbasis nilai-nilai Al-Qur’an. Artikel ini akan fokus pada tiga persoalan yang akan dibahas yaitu  bagaimana pandangan dasar (pandangan ontology) Al-Quran tentang anak, hak-hak anak, dan bagaimana model polaasuh yang ditawarkan oleh Al-Quran untuk orang tua dalam mendidik anak. Al-Quran adalah pedoman hidup bagi setiap umat islam yang kandungannya terjamin kebenaranya.
Scientific Concept According to Islamic Perspective
Authors: Salamiyah Salamiyah
Published: March 2021

The scientific approach is the learning process with the activities of observing, asking, processing, presenting, concluding and creating. In Islamic there has been explained an explanation of the process of learning. Regarding this includes the process of working memory, mastery of knowledge and skills. This research uses the literature method and the data are analyzed descriptively. The scientific concept in Islamic has been carried out by prophets and apostles and has been developing until now. We can take a scientific approach from the story of Adam about knowing the names (Asma) and Abraham in seeking God. In both stories there is a scientific concept process that is (1) observing, (2) asking, (3) gathering information, (5) associating, and (6) communicating.
The Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Health Management and Health Services: A Case of Turkey
Authors: ÖNCÜ Mehmet Akif , YILDIRIM Seda , BOSTANCI Seda , ERDOĞAN Fatma
Published: March 2021

Aim: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a global issue that every country has begun to change its economic and social policies due to sustaining public health in the long term. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on health management and health services in Turkey.
Material and Methods: This study follows a qualitative research methodology and used secondary data sources. The study used open access data based on The Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat) and the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health. Data were analyzed by Qualitative Content Analysis.
Results: According to the findings obtained, the study provides two main parts as findings. First, the study presents a current profile for the Turkish health sector including 2010-2019. Secondly, the study provides key elements indicating the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on health management and health services in Turkey. With the help of classification, tables, and figures, the study provides original findings for the area of health management by giving what kinds of changes have occurred in health policies during COVID-19.
Conclusion: When considering the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on health management and health services in Turkey, it can be said that Turkey has managed this pandemic period sufficiently. As a sample case, Turkish health policies and new management strategies can guide other developing and developed countries that were unsuccessful to manage the COVID-19 pandemic. This study shows that adaptable and sustainable health policies will keep public health in the long term.
Challenges and Responses of Uzbekistan During COVID-19
Authors: AHMED Waqas , ZAMEER Hashim , PERKOV Timur
Published: March 2021

Like the rest of the world, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic showed an unprecedented impact on healthcare system and economy of Uzbekistan. Due to lack of resources, stalled organizational agility and highly bureaucratic decision making, the healthcare system of Uzbekistan did not perform optimally. From the top to the bottom decision-making and path dependent strategies were adopted that were ineffective due to volatile and uncertain nature of pandemic. The whole system collapsed because of lack of beds, medical supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for healthcare workers. The Uzbek government needs strategic plans to keep a fine balance between the economic recovery and spending on deteriorating healthcare system. Unlike many Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries Uzbekistan didn’t deny the existence of COVID-19 in the country. However lack of transparency in data dissemination creates doubts of the intent and accuracy of the information. Uzbekistan would have to apply medium and long-term initiatives and foreign assistance to strengthen the macroeconomic structure and to fight with the inflation and unemployment.
Evolving Changes in the Full Blood Count in Tuberculosis
Authors: Bahemia Imtiaz A. , Patel Moosa , Matsena-Zingoni Zvifadzo , Menezes Colin N.
Published: March 2021

Background: Changes in the full blood count of patients with tuberculosis have been studied previously, but the effect of co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains to be explored.

Objective: To evaluate the changes in full blood count in patients with tuberculosis in an evolving HIV era.

Methods: Prospective study of consecutively recruited patients (N = 125) with microbiologically or histologically proven tuberculosis admitted at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital between October 2017 and July 2018.

Results: Anaemia was found in 60.7% of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and in 61.1% of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (ETB) patients. ETB patients had lower white cell counts (WCCs) and lower neutrophil counts than PTB patients, (5.59 (3.6–8.1) vs 7.96 (5.27–10.34), p = 0.002) and (4.2 (2.1–7.0) vs 5.5 (3.3–8.4), p = 0.079), respectively. Compared to the HIV-seronegative patients, HIV co-infected PTB patients had lower WCC, lymphocyte counts and neutrophil counts, (6.9 (4.8–9.7) vs 9.4 (8.6–11.4), p = 0.0037), (0.7 (0.46–1.31) vs 1.51 (1.13–2.05), p = 0.0051), and (4.7 (2.8–7.7) vs 8.5 (5.9–10.1), p = 0.0106), respectively. Patients co-infected with HIV on combination antiretroviral therapy and tuberculosis had higher levels of WCC, (7.9 (4.6–10.9) vs 5.8 (4.3–8.3), p = 0.0465).

Conclusion: Anaemia is the most common manifestation of tuberculosis. This study highlighted the reactive nature of PTB haematological abnormalities compared to ETB with higher WCCs in both HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative patients. Co-infection with HIV was associated with blunting of some of the previously described haematological manifestations among patients with PTB.
تقويم كتاب "دروس اللغة العربية" للأستاذ إمام زركشي والأستاذ إمام شباني
Authors: Ubaid Abdullah
Published: March 2021

The textbook has important role in the teaching and learning process. But, thetextbook has shortage and can mislead who learn this book if not prepared properly. Andthis phenomenon make evaluation of the textbook has important role in the teaching andlearning process.And the researcher found that some modern boarding school has been using thisbook "Durus al-Lughah al-Arabiyah" wich written by K.H. Imam Zarkasyi and K.H. ImamSubani. With this, the researcher want to do research about evaluation of the textbook"Durus al-Lughah al-Arabiyah" that used in modern boarding school Darussalam GontorPonorogo. And the researcher want to know the suitability of this book with the basicsof writing a good textbook in terms of the appearance and contents. And the approachused by the researchers is quantitative approach.After the researcher describe the data and then analyze it, the researcher foundsome result of this research about evaluation of the textbook "Durus al-Lughah al-Arabiyah",while the results are as follows: 1) In terms of appearance, the textbook "Durusal-Lughoh al-Arabiyah" has reached a good value. 2) In terms of content, the textbook"Durus al-Lughah al-Arabiyah" has reached a good value. However, this textbook is stillin need of improvement in terms of the appearance and the content, so that it can reachto the excellent value.
تعليم الترجمة في ضوء نموذج كايزر ) )Keiser’s Model وتطبيقه في مركز لسان عربي للترجمة
Authors: Kholison Mohammad
Published: March 2021

Translation is the communication of meaning from one language (the source) to another language (the target). Translation refers to written information, whereas interpretation refers to spoken information.The purpose of translation is to convey the original tone and intent of a message,taking into account cultural and regional differences between source and target languages.Translation is very necessary to get information from any resources in foreignlanguages. Therefore, translation is the way of the translator who has the ability to understand the method and the process to establish the information from foreign language.Lisan Arabi for translation, one of the language publishers, endeavors to be an inner cicle for learners and advisor of translation. The aim of this program is to produce the good translation that is able to be published and distributed to academics and scholars.
فعالية استخدام المواد التعليمية على أساس الدراسة التقابلية في تعليم مهارة الكتابة بقسم تعليم اللغة العربية جامعة مولانا مالك إبراهيم الإسلامية الحكومية مالانج
Authors: Aminata Diah Dina
Published: March 2021

Most of university students use Indonesian language structure in Arabic language writing. So, those sentences become false. The university student just obey to the lesson book that used in learning process as the common, whereas that lesson book still doesn’t pay attention of the differences and the similar from the structure of the main languages and  the language that they are studied. Contrastive analysis is an activity to find both of the differences and similar of two languages and also as the solution of the languages’ problem. So, the researcher want to know the effectivity of  the lesson book of writing skill by using contrastive analysis theory in Arabic teaching department of State Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang.Based on that thinking, this research’s purposes are  to know about The effectivity of lesson book on writing skill by using Contrastive Analysis .This research uses quantitative approach. And this research’s kind of method is experiment model. For the analysis of this research’s data, are used inferential  statistic analysis by using t test.The results of this research is The researcher use test of two chapters using from the teaching material with intact group comparison method, that is by dividing the class become two groups, control group and experiment group. In the test of the first chapter, the score is 26,6 (t-arithmetic) 1,27 (t-table), it means that this teaching material is effective. In the test of the second chapter, the researcher gets the score 16,5 (t-arithmetic) 1,27 (t-table), it means that this this teaching material is effective.
الترادف ودوره في اللغة العربية
Authors: Munir Muhammad Mubasysyir
Published: March 2021

A synonym is a linguistic phenomenon that expands the horizons of expression and communication, and helps the speaker to open up broad creative horizons. There has been a lot of talk and discussion between scientists, linguists, writers and researchers, old and new. Many of them have counted it as a feature of Arabic, a feature of its features, and a manifestation of genius in it.This research mentioned the three divisions of the position of ancient linguists on synonym: supported its existence but was not complete, supported its the existence at all, and denied it. He also mentioned the opinions of modern scientists that divided synonym into complete synonymy and near synonymy. Then he mentioned the most prominent scientists of synonym and sealed his turn in Arabic. In summary, old scientists take the meaning of general synonym without any condition in order to expand the circle of it’s in the language. The modernists reversed them, narrowing the tandem circle by setting conditions on the occurrence of synonym.
PREVALENCE AND IDENTIFICATION OF GASTROINTESTINAL WORMON LONG-TAILED MACAQUEIN PULAKI TEMPLE, BANYUPOH, GEROKGAK, BULELENG, BALI
Authors: Bellantari Melinda , Wandia I Nengah , Dwinata I Made
Published: March 2021

Monyet ekor panjang(Macaca fascicularis)merupakan salah satu jenis satwa yang hidup di kawasan Pura Pulaki dan Melanting, Banyupoh, Gerokgak, Buleleng, Bali.Keberadaanya berfungsi sebagai salah satu elemen penyeimbang ekosisistem lingkungan dan daya tarik pariwisata yang memiliki kontibusi besar terhadap perekonomian masyarakat sekitar. Ancaman kesehatan pada monyet ekor panjang yang hidup di kawasan yang terdapat aktivitas manusia salah satunya adalah penyakit cacing gastrointestinal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui prevalensi dan identifikasi parasit cacing gastrointestinal pada monyet ekorpanjang di kawasan Pura Pulaki. Sejumlah 55 sampel feses yang diawetkan menggunakan media kalium bikromat 2% diperiksa di Laboratorium Parasitologi,Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan,Universitas Udayana. Pemeriksaan dilakukan dengan metode pengapungan dan sedimentasi untuk mengetahui adanya infeksi cacing. Data yang diperoleh dikumpulkan dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi infeksi parasit cacing pada monyet ekor panjang di kawasan Pura Pulaki sebesar 71,18%. Cacing gastrointestinal yang terindentifikasi adalahAncylostoma sp.(74,5%), Strongyloides sp.(29%) dan Trichuris sp.(1,8%).Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa sebagain besar anggota populasi monyet di kawasan Pura Pulaki terinfeksi cacing gastroistestinal.Kata-kata kunci: prevalensi infeksi cacing; cacing gastrointestinal; monyet ekor panjang; kawasan Pura PulakiABSTRACTLong-tailed macaque is one of the faunasthat lived in Pulakiand MelantingTemple area, at Banyupoh, Gerokgak, Buleleng, Bali. Their existence are serve as a part of ecosystem balancerand tourism attraction which has a big contribution to the economy of the surrounding community.One of the health threats of long-tailed macaques that lives around humans comunity is an infection of gastrointestinal worm parasite. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and identify of the gastrointestinal worm that infecting thelong-tailed macaques at Pulaki Temple area. A total of 55 faecal samples preserved by potassiumbichromate 2% was examined at the Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University. Examination was carried out by the floatation and sedimentation methods to determine the presence of worm infections. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the prevalence of worm parasitic infections in long-tailed macaques in the Pulaki Temple area was 71,18%. Gastrointestinal worm identified were Ancylostoma sp.(74.5%), Strongyloides sp.(29%) and Trichuris sp.(1.8%). Based on the results of
Subclinical mastitis in a pampinta dairy sheep flock in the la pampa province
Authors:   Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Argentina, Micaela Fiorela Stazionati
Published: March 2021

Se han estudiado aspectos de la oveja Pampinta, una raza sintética desarrollada en la EEA de Anguil, constituida por Frisona del Este (East Friesian) y Corriedale. Es considerada de triple propósito (carne, leche y lana), pero seleccionada fenotípicamente hacia la raza Frisona del Este, siendo una de las principales razas que se la utiliza en ordeñe en Argentina. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir las mastitis subclínicas (MSC) que ocurren en la majada del Tambo Modelo de la Experimental de Anguil, con datos recogidos en los controles lecheros entre los años 2009 y 2014. Se utilizó un modelo animal con efectos aleatorios y efectos fijos como edad al parto; año de lactancia; tipo de cría y parto y clase de producción lechera. Se utilizó el programa estadístico SAS para los datos de producción y un Threshold Model (TM, Legarra et al., 2008) para mastitis. La producción de leche no estuvo relacionada con la incidencia de mastitis. El recuento de células somáticas (RCS) varía a lo largo de la lactancia, teniendo valores elevados al comienzo, luego desciende y se mantiene. La edad, la presencia de MSC y el nivel de producción de leche son factores que influyen en el RCS. El ambiente donde se encuentren lo animales puede tener factores estresantes que pueden interferir en el sistema inmunológico. Se necesitan más estudios y en otros establecimientos para poder generalizar estos resultados, lo que si hay que tener en cuenta que existe una demanda en los procesos de selección.
Germination treatments for large-scale dryland ecological restoration: advances in Larrea cuneifolia Cav.
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Comahue. Argentina, Hernandez Jorge Ariel
Published: March 2021

Para llevar a cabo proyectos de restauración ecológica a gran escala, por ejemplo mediante la siembra directa o plantación, es necesario contar con grandes cantidades de semillas capaces de germinar. Un gran obstáculo que se presenta en tierras secas es que un alto porcentaje de especies tienen semillas con latencia. Particularmente en las zonas áridas más del 80 % de las especies de arbustos nativos tienen semillas que no germinan sin ruptura de la dormición, por lo que sin conocimientos de tratamientos germinativos eficaces se limitan extremadamente las posibilidades de aplicación de las mencionadas técnicas de siembra y plantación. Un problema adicional es la dificultad en la extracción de las semillas del fruto (particularmente cuando se pretende hacer esta tarea en grandes escalas), como ocurre en las especies del género Larrea. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de la evaluación de tres tratamientos que se aplicaron simultáneamente en frutos y semillas de Larrea cuneifolia Cav. Dos alternativas consistieron en el remojo de frutos y produjeron bajos porcentajes de germinación (32,67 % y 35,67 %), sin diferencias significativas con el control. En cambio, un sistema de lijas accionadas por un taladro eléctrico brindó un promedio de 61,33 % de semillas germinadas. En este último tratamiento también se registró el menor tiempo medio de germinación (8.60 días) y el menor índice de inicio de germinación (2.40 días). Los resultados obtenidos con el sistema de lijas constituyen un primer avance hacia el desarrollo de tecnologías de bajo costo, aplicables a grandes cantidades de frutos y/o semillas, accesibles para su uso en poblaciones rurales en la lucha contra efectos ecológicos y sociales provocados por la desertificación.
Hierarchical Forecasting of the Zimbabwe International Tourist Arrivals
Authors: Makoni Tendai , Chikobvu Delson , Sigauke Caston
Published: March 2021

The objectives of the paper is to: (1) adopt the hierarchical forecasting methods in modelling and forecasting international tourist arrivals in Zimbabwe; and (2) coming up with Zimbabwe international tourist arrivals Prediction Intervals (PIs) in Quantile Regression Averaging (QRA) to hierarchical tourism forecasts. Zimbabwe’s monthly international tourist arrivals data from January 2002 to December 2018 was used. The dataset used was before the COVID-19 period and were disaggregated according to the purpose of the visit (POV). Three hierarchical forecasting approaches, namely top-down, bottom-up and optimal combination approaches were applied to the data. The results showed the superiority of the bottom-up approach over both the top-down and optimal combination approaches. Forecasts indicate a general increase in aggregate series. The combined methods provide a new insight into modelling tourist arrivals. The approach is useful to the government, tourism stakeholders, and investors among others, for decision-making, resource mobilisation and allocation. The Zimbabwe Tourism Authority (ZTA) could adopt the forecasting techniques to produce informative and precise tourism forecasts. The data set used is before the COVID-19 pandemic and the models indicate what could happen outside the pandemic. During the pandemic the country was under lockdown with no tourist arrivals to report on. The models are useful for planning purposes beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.
Efektivitas Alat Sikat Gigi Otomatis Wall Mounted untuk Disabilitas pada SLB di Jember terhadap Indeks Kebersihan Mulut
Authors: Rosyida Arina , Kiswaluyo Kiswaluyo , Dwiatmoko Surartono
Published: March 2021

Disability is a person with disabilities who has physical, mental, intellectual, sensory, and some motor disorders. Disabilities that have motor impairments are blind, mentally retarded, and disabled so they need an automatic wall-mounted toothbrush in cleaning teeth and mouth. A wall-mounted toothbrush is an innovative tool for blind, mentally disabled, and disabled people to be able to brush their teeth independently. The aim is to determine the effectiveness of automatic wall-mounted toothbrushes in children with disabilities, especially in the visually impaired, mentally retarded, and disabled. The study was conducted by pre-experimental method (One Group Pretest-Posttest Design) in SLB disabled people in Jember with 56 people, 17 people with visual impairment, 36 mental retardations, and 3 disabled people. The results of the study carried out a paired sample t-test showed a significance value (p <0.05) in the blind and mentally retarded while the significance value (p> 0.05) in the disabled. The conclusion of the study is that this tool is effective in the blind and mentally retarded but is less effective in the disabled.