bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardiorespiratory system of massage therapists when performing a dosed massage procedure
Authors: Garnov Igor O. , Loginova Tatyana P. , Bojko Evgeny R.
Published: December 2024

The article tells about the presentation of a number of studies on the effect of massage procedures on the physiological, biochemical and psychological status of a person, while work on evaluating the functional indicators of massage therapists during the procedure is rare.
The study aims to determine the functional state of the cardiorespiratory system (CRS) of massage specialists in the dynamics of performing a 30-minute back massage session.
The object of the study was 10 male massage therapists (age 36.0 (29.0;42.0); BMI 24.7(23.3;31.3). The study consisted in performing a classical back massage procedure for 30 minutes according to a generally accepted technique using six massage techniques. To determine the functional state during the work of specialists, an ergospirometric system and measurement of blood pressure (BP) by the Korotkiy method were used.
During the massage procedure, specialists noted an increase in metabolic parameters, oxygen consumption (OC), respiratory coefficient (RC) and energy consumption, as well as blood pressure by the 30th minute of the procedure.
When performing a 30-minute back massage, massage specialists significantly mobilize the links of the cardiorespiratory system. At the end of the procedure, there is an increase in blood pressure. However, the maximum increase in the parameters of the cardiorespiratory system occurs when performing a shock vibration reception.
Limitations. Due to the small sample of the group, it is not possible to statistically reliably assess the significance of changes in some indicators.
Ethics. The protocol of the experiment corresponded to the Helsinki Declaration. The study was developed and conducted in accordance with the methodological guidelines of the Local Scientific Research Committee on Bioethics of the Institute of Physiology of the Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Distance-based Similarity Measures of Hypersoft Sets under Uncertain Environment and Application in Customer Support Systems
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan, Jafar Muhammad Naveed , Ullah Faiz ,   Department of Mathematics, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan, Muniba Kainat ,   Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy, Lahore School of Economics, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan, Riffat Asma ,   Department of Mathematics, Lahore Garrison University DHA Phase VI, Lahore Pakistan
Published: December 2024

Intuitionistic fuzzy hypersoft sets (IFHSS) represent a novel conceptual framework poised to overcome the limitations associated with intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets (IFSS) concerning the representation of multi-argument domains for parameter approximation. This model offers enhanced flexibility and reliability by facilitating the categorization of parameters into pertinent parametric valued sets. This study investigates the application of the IFHSS theory in enhancing similarity measurement within ChatBot systems. Through experimentation and analysis, the research demonstrates the efficacy of IFHSS-based approaches in handling uncertainties inherent in natural language interactions. We introduce distance measures (DM) along with their corresponding similarity measures (SM). These SMs tailored for IFHSS play a significant role in assessing similarity and facilitating the comparison of various factors. This article aims to develop six SMs based on their DMs and their axiomatic properties, theorems, and illustrative examples. Furthermore, we employ these measures to address real-world problems, particularly in the domain of computer sciences. By leveraging various technical factors, our analysis aids in pinpointing the best ChatBot for the satisfaction of customers. The methodologies proposed in this study hold promise for future case studies involving complex features and multiple decision-makers. Moreover, the suggested approach can be seamlessly integrated with existing structures.
Interval-value Pythagorean Fuzzy Prioritized Aggregation Operators for Selecting an Eco-Friendly Transportation Mode Selection
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Riphah International University (Lahore Campus), Lahore 54000, Pakistan, Sarfraz Mehwish
Published: December 2024

When selecting an environmentally friendly mode of transportation, many factors must be taken into account, such as capacity, delivery time, cost-effectiveness, and environmental impact. This is a difficult decision-making problem since it calls for the simultaneous evaluation and prioritization of several criteria. A thorough and methodical approach is required to make an informed decision that satisfies particular transportation needs while adhering to sustainability goals. The process entails balancing various trade-offs to determine the most environmentally friendly mode of transportation. When solving multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) problems, prioritization is essential. Prioritization in fuzzy systems has been implemented through a variety of techniques and approaches. This paper tackles the MAGDM problem within the Pythagorean fuzzy (PyF) framework, taking into account the different requirements for experts and characteristics. We present new Aczel Alsina aggregation operators (AOs), whose efficient handling of uncertainties makes a major contribution to fuzzy mathematics. We suggest several PyF AOs, such as the PyF-prioritized Aczel Alsina geometric (PyFPAAG) and PyF-prioritized Aczel Alsina averaging (PyFPAAA), which are based on the Aczel Alsina t-norm and t-conorm. We show these AOs satisfy the aggregation criteria by examining their monotonicity, boundedness, and idempotency properties. The prioritization weights are derived from expert knowledge, enabling the suggested operators to capture the prioritization phenomenon among the aggregated arguments. Using a MAGDM technique, the proposed AOs are used to evaluate eco-friendly transportation modes. Their significance is confirmed by contrasting them with other well-known AOs.
The Relationship Between Financial Development and Logistics Performance Index: A Panel ARDL Approach in Emerging Markets
Authors:   Department of Labor Economics, Labor Economics and Industrial Relations, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye, Demirbaş Muzaffer , Üre Salim ,   International Trade and Logistics, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye, Demir Oğuzhan ,   International Trade and Logistics, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye, Karaköy Çağatay ,   International Trade and Logistics, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye, Ulutaş Alptekin ,   International Trade and Business, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
Published: December 2024

The term "emerging markets" refers to countries that are undergoing economic and financial development. As financial development progresses in these nations, the capital available for international trade and the expansion of logistics infrastructure grows as well. This increased capital enables the financing of international trade activities and facilitates the execution of necessary logistics operations efficiently and effectively. Additionally, with enhanced financial development, it becomes easier to secure the capital required to improve logistics infrastructure and make it more functional. In this study, analyses are conducted using the Panel autoregressive distributed lag method in emerging market countries to evaluate the direct and indirect effects of financial development on logistics performance. The results reveal that increased access to financial institutions and markets positively affects logistics performance in both the short and long term. Among financial variables, the depth of financial institutions exhibits the strongest long-term influence, suggesting that a stable financial system is crucial for logistics efficiency. These insights provide valuable guidance for decision-makers aiming to strengthen logistics infrastructure and trade capabilities. By recognizing the role of financial development in supporting logistics performance, policymakers can craft strategies that support sustainable economic growth through improved logistics processes.
Ethical Conduct of Billeting Soldiers in The Nightingale by Kristin Hannah
Authors: Fatima Essam Kadhim  , Asst. Prof. Dr. Maha Qahtan Sulaiman
Published: December 2024

تستكشف هذه الدراسة البعد الأخلاقي المحيط بسلوك الجنود العسكريين في رواية "العندليب" لكريستين حنا، مع التركيز بشكل خاص على الموقف الذي يتضمن وجود جنود ألمان في منزل فيان. تتعمق هذه الورقة في التعقيد الأخلاقي الموجود في سيناريوهات الحرب من خلال فحص من وجهة نظر أخلاقية، أي مبادئ قانون الحرب. وهو يدرس المعضلة الأخلاقية التي يعاني منها الجنود والمدنيون، والتي تشمل قضايا مثل حقوق الإنسان، وديناميكيات السلطة، وانتهاك الخصوصية، وسلامة المدنيين. علاوة على ذلك، يقيم التحليل مدى التزام الجنود بمبادئ قانون الحرب، بما في ذلك التمييز والتناسب واحترام الممتلكات المدنية. من خلال الكشف عن التعقيد الأخلاقي الموضح في "العندليب"، فإن الهدف من هذه الورقة هو إلقاء الضوء على الطبيعة المتعددة الأوجه لسلوك الجندي أثناء وجودهم في منازل المدنيين وتوفير فهم أكثر عمقًا للتحديات الأخلاقية في زمن الحرب.
The Unhealed Wounds in Tracy Letts’s August: Osage County
Authors: Zainab Khudhair Abbas  , Prof. Marwa Ghazi Mohammed
Published: December 2024

الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو فحص العلاقات الأسرية من خلال عدسة سلوك الوالدين السام وتأثيرها على أطفالهم. تبحث الدراسة في الطبيعة الدورية للسلوكيات الوالدية السامة وتأثيرها على تطور الشخصية من خلال نظرية التعلق. كما يستكشف البحث كيف تؤثر العلاقات الأبوية المبكرة على العلاقات المستقبلية مع الشركاء والأطفال. يستكشف البحث أنواع الأبوة والأمومة السامة (سلوكيات الأبوة المختلة والضارة والمدمرة نفسيًا) وأنماط الارتباط غير الآمن الناتجة عنها - المتجنبة والمتناقضة وغير المنظمة  باستخدام القراءة النفسية المبنية على نظرية التعلق، التي قدمها جون بولبي لأول مرة في عام 1978 ثم طورها منظرون آخرون، تحلل الدراسة كيف يؤثر ارتباط الطفولة بالوالدين على العلاقات المستقبلية. تشير النتائج إلى أن الأبوة والأمومة السامة تؤثر بشكل كبير على احترام الذات وتقدير الذات، مما يؤدي إلى إدامة سلوكيات مماثلة عبر الأجيال وتؤثر على العلاقات مع الشريك والأطفال. وخلصت الدراسة إلى أن الأبوة والأمومة السامة تدمر الرابطة بين الوالدين والطفل ولها آثار بعيدة المدى على جميع جوانب حياة الفرد، مما يؤدي إلى إدامة دورة من الارتباطات غير الآمنة عبر الأجيال.
دراسة حول فعالية الخرائط الرقمية التفاعلية في تعزيز مهارات التحليل المكانيلدى طلاب الجغرافيا في المدارس الثانوية
Authors: م.م بيداء عاشور شمال هداب الشبلاوي
Published: December 2024

باستخدام كتاب معزز بالواقع المعزز كأداة تعليمية، تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحسين قدرات المعلمين على إنشاء الصور الرقمية في مرحلة ما قبل الخدمة. وشمل البحث مزيجًا من المنهجيات الوصفية والتجريبية، وقياس قدرات إنشاء الصور الرقمية باستخدام بطاقتي ملاحظات واختبارين للإنجاز. تم التحقق من صحة التطبيق، كان هناك تغيير ذو دلالة إحصائية في متوسط ​​درجات مجموعة الدراسة التي استخدمت الكتاب المعزز لتحسين قدراتها قبل وبعد إدارة أدوات القياس. كقدرة حيوية في ضوء التقدم التكنولوجي، تقترح الدراسة أن يولي معلمو الحاسوب الأولوية لتطوير قدرات إنتاج الصور الرقمية.
التحليل المكاني لمعامل انتاج الطابوق في مقاطعة هور الشويجه في محافظة واسط باستخدام نظام Gis
Authors: م.م. ميلاد فلاح عيسى
Published: December 2024

هو نموذج لقياس العلاقات المكانية بين الظاهرات الجغرافية اعتماداً على ترابط الموقع والشكل والأبعاد والمساحات والاتجاهات والمجاورة والمطابقة والارتفاع والانخفاض والتصنيف والتجميع والترتيب المكاني. بغرض تفسير العلاقات المكانية الترابطية والاستفادة منها، وفهم عوامل توزيع الظاهرات على الموقع المحدد، والتنبؤ بالمتغيرات المكانية بسلوك تلك الظاهرات. تعد معامل طابوق الشويجه أحد المواقع الصناعية المهمة في محافظة واسط تضم (30) معمل يعمل فيها أكثر من (60000) عامل ينتج كل معمل أكثر من 6 ملايين طابوقة سنويا يوزع الإنتاج على 5 محافظات عراقية هي واسط والديوانية وبابل والعمارة وذي قار. لما يتميز به الإنتاج من جودة ونوعية عالية تم اعتماد على 29 موقع فحص مختبري لترب انتاج الطابوق للخصائص الكيميائية والفيزيائية أجريت الفحوصات في مختبر كلية الهندسة وكلية الزراعة جامعة واسط لمعرفة خصائصها ومدى مطابقتها للمواصفات العالمية والعراقية في انتاج الطابوق.
A Sociolinguistic Analysis of Swear Words in Friends Series
Authors: Lectu. Aziz Khalaf Abid Saleh (Ph.D)
Published: December 2024

تتناول الدراسة الحالية الفاظ القسم في المسلسل الكوميدي "الاصدقاء". توصف هذه الدراسة بأنها تحليل نوعي وكمي يهدف إلى التعرف على أنواع الفاظ القسم المستخدمة في المجتمع الأمريكي من خلال تحليل أحد أشهر البرامج التلفزيونية في الولايات المتحدة وأجزاء مختلفة من العالم.
 تبنت الدراسة نظريتين, أندرسون وهيرش (1985) التي تصنف الفاظ القسم إلى أنماطها النحوية والصرفية؛ ونظرية توني (2006) التي تصنف كلمات القسم حسب دلالاتها الإيجابية أو السلبية. تتكون عينة البحث من عشرة اجزاء، كل جزء يتكون من خمسة عشر حلقة. تم تحميل الحلقات بصيغة PDF من الإنترنت، وتم إجراء بحث تلقائي لكل كلمة في المسرحية الهزلية.
الاستنتاجات التي توصلت اليها الدراسة هي أن النساء يستخدمن الفاظ القسم أكثر من الرجال، وأن الشخصيات في المسرحية تستخدم أنواعًا مختلفة من كلمات القسم، وتختلف كلمات القسم وفقًا لأنماطها النحوية والصرفية. كذلك توصلت الدراسة بأن كلمات القسم الخفيفة والخفيفة جدًا هي الأكثر استخدامًا من قبل الممثلين.
Innovative Approaches in English Learning: AI Smart Chatbots As A Model
Authors: Dr. Ahmed Ali Alwan
Published: December 2024

The current study aims to highlight the role of “artificial intelligence-based conversational bots for learning English” as an innovative tool that provides advanced educational solutions, providing an effective and free learning opportunity for all students at all educational levels. It is also discussed how to benefit from the capabilities of chatbots, including learning about some text and voice chat programmes designed in artificial intelligence applications for learners of English as a second language. These bots have reached a degree of professionalism, as they have transcended imagination and entered the fields of creative vision, self-learning, and greatly simulating the human mind. The current study followed the descriptive method in collecting, classifying, and analyzing information by studying literature and previous scientific research related to artificial intelligence technology and its applications. The results of this study were: AI English language learning applications and chatbots offer numerous benefits, including personalized learning, voice recognition, and writing and reading skills development. They provide instant feedback on grammar and writing style, offer flexibility in accessing resources, and enable students to apply English knowledge in real-life contexts.
AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ ÜLKELERİNDEKİ YAŞLANMA SORUNUNA KARŞI SOSYAL BAKIM STRATEJİLERİ
Authors: Silkin Ün Sema
Published: December 2024

İnsanlar, yaşlanma sürecinde ve yaşlanmadan dolayı bazı sıhhi, fiziksel, sosyal, ekono-mik ve psikolojik sorunlar yaşayabilmektedir. Bazı yaşlılar, özellikle emekliliğe ayrıldık-larında yaşlılığa uyum sorunları kapsamında yalnızlık, gelir kaybı, işe yaramama duygu-su veya saygınlığını yitirme gibi birçok problemle baş etmek zorunda kalabilmektedir. İleri yaşlılıkta ise kişi, kendi başına barınma veya bakıma muhtaçlık nedeniyle başkala-rına bağımlı hale gelme gibi zorluklarla karşı karşıya gelebilmektedir. Bu bağlamda AB ülkelerinde özellikle sayıca artan ileri yaşlılığa bağlı bakım muhtaçlık olgusu, hem birey-sel, hem de toplumsal bir sorun olma özelliği taşımaktadır. Demografik değişime bağlı olarak kaçınılmaz bir durum alan bakıma muhtaçlık sorunu, ileriki yıllarda AB ülkelerini özellikle bakım hizmetlerinin finansmanı ve bakım maliyetleri açısından ciddiyetini koruyacaktır. Bu makalenin amacı da yaşlılığa bağlı bakıma muhtaçlık sorununa karşı AB’nin geliştirdiği sosyal bakım stratejilerinin ilkesel özelliklerini ve bu doğrultuda geliştirilen eylem planlarını, Türk bakım güvence sistemini de bu kapsamda kıyaslaya-rak değerlendirmek suretiyle ortaya koymaktır. Bunun için yöntemsel olarak AB ülkele-rinde görülen yaşlanmaya bağlı demografik etkiler eşliğinde yaşlı dostu sosyal politika-lara zemin hazırlayan “Avrupa Sosyal Haklar Sütunu (2017)”, “Yaşlanma Üzerine Yeşil Kitap (2021)” ve “Bakım Odaklı Avrupa Stratejisi (2022)” gibi AB belgeleri incelene-cektir.
Theory and Conditions for AI-Based Inversion Paradigm of Geophysical Parameters Using Energy Balance
Authors: Mao Kebiao , Wu Chenhao , Yuan Zijin , Liu Yangyang , Cao Mengmeng , Wang Han
Published: December 2024

To construct a universal artificial intelligence (AI) model for geophysical parameter inversion, this study proposes a new remote sensing parameter inversion paradigm theory by changing cognition to unify physical, statistics and AI methods. Using the energy balance equation, we demonstrate that establishing a closed system of physical inversion equations between input and output variables in deep learning is the foundation for forming parameter inversion paradigms. On this basis, a generalized statistical method is constructed to guide the acquisition of representative solutions required for deep learning, thereby achieving the coupling of physical and statistical methods. Meanwhile, paradigm judgment conditions can improve the accuracy of data collection. Theoretical derivation and experimental results indicate that deep learning achieves physical consistency and generalization in remote sensing parameter inversion. This theory lays the foundation for developing AI parameter inversion model based on energy balance, and can also optimize the design of remote sensing sensors.
A jsPsych Plugin for Continuous Real-Time Valence, Arousal, and Dominance Reporting Using a Three-Handle Controller
Authors: de Lacerda Pataca Caluã , Lee Russell
Published: December 2024

We present a jsPsych plugin that enables continuous, three-dimensional affective reporting in web-based experiments using a three-handle controller. By capturing real-time valence, arousal, and dominance responses, this tool facilitates richer, dynamic assessments of emotional states beyond static post-hoc measures.
More Alike in Rags or Riches? Cohort Change in the Influence of Family Background Across the Earnings Distribution
Authors: Mastekaasa Arne , Borgen Nicolai T. , Hermansen Are Skeie , Birkelund Gunn Elisabeth
Published: December 2024

Rising economic inequality across rich countries has raised questions about whether family background increasingly determines children’s economic success. However, prior research has not addressed whether family background is of differential importance for children who end up in the top, middle, or bottom of the earnings spectrum and whether this has changed across birth cohorts. Using administrative data from Norway, we study cohort trends in sibling correlations across children’s earnings distribution for men and women born from the early 1950s up to 1980. By decomposing sibling correlations, we assess the extent to which these trends are accounted for by observed parental socioeconomic characteristics relative to unobserved family background factors. Our results reveal a modest rise in the influence of family background on average earnings and in the middle of the earnings distribution for both genders, but this trend hides important variation across the distribution. For men, we find a strong increase in the influence of family background on children’s risk of falling to the bottom of the earnings distribution, while sibling correlations for attainment of top earnings have declined over time. Moreover, unobserved family background factors are increasingly important for predicting men’s adult economic disadvantage. For women, sibling correlations have risen across cohorts except at the top of the earnings distribution, and the relative role of observed parental socioeconomic characteristics has increased. These results underscore the complexity of intergenerational trends in the influence of family background, indicating that rising economic inequality does not uniformly lead to reduced mobility but varies significantly across different earnings levels and between genders
واقع الافصاح الاختياري في التقارير المالية للشركات العراقية بحسب القطاعات
Authors: عبد الرحمن سعيد علي العبيدي
Published: December 2024

يحظى الافصاح الاختياري بأهمية كبيرة وسط التنافس المعلوماتي بين الشركات في اسواق الاوراق المالية على مستوى العالم . يهدف هذا البحث الى تقييم مستوى الافصاح الاختياري في التقارير المالية للشركات العراقية المدرجة في سوق العراق الأوراق المالية , حيث تناول البحث دراسة وتحليل فقرات الافصاح في التقارير المالية السنوية للشركات عينة البحث بحسب القطاعات الاقتصادية المختلفة وتحديد فقرات الافصاح الاختياري . توصل البحث الى ان الشركات المدرجة في سوق العراق الأوراق المالية لا تتمتع بمستوى جيد من الافصاح الاختياري على الرغم من التفاوت في الافصاح الاختياري لتلك الشركات من شركة الى اخرى ومن قطاع الى اخر.
CITIZEN PARTICIPATION IN TRADITIONAL ALGERIAN SOCIETIES: THE CASES OF NEW KSOUR OF MZAB AND THE VILLAGE OF AIT EL KAID
Authors: Timhadjelt Sabiha  , Gueliane Nora
Published: December 2024

The concept of citizen participation emerged towards the end of the twentieth century as part of the new democratic paradigms of the Western countries of America and Europe.  However, citizen participation is an ancient principle that has guided the political, economic and social management systems of many ancient indigenous social groups. The aim of this paper is to examine the concept of citizen participation and the mechanisms implemented in the management of the environment and daily life in traditional Algerian societies, through the study of two cases: the experience of the new ksour in the M'Zab in Ghardaïa, and the project to classify the village of Ait El Kaid as a protected sector in Tizi Ouzou. The results of this study reveal the particularities of the participatory processes in each case, such as tajmaat in the Kabyle villages and twiza in the process of building the new ksour, while highlighting the similarities and differences specific to each.
THE SOUK OF EL KHROUB: AN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL PILLAR IN RESPONSE TO RECENT COMMERCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS
Authors: Mohamed Amine Khenchouche  , Nassima Khenchouche  , Karima Benhalilou
Published: December 2024

At the heart of El Khroub’s urban dynamics, the traditional market (souk) continues to play a significant economic and social role, despite facing recent urban transformations and the challenges posed by contemporary development types. Over a six-month period, encompassing 52 working days of the souk (Thursdays and Fridays), we conducted an in-depth sociological survey using a detailed questionnaire with a representative sample of 400 individuals. The sample was selected using the Krejcie and Morgan method, combined with the quota sampling method (Moser & Kalton, 1971), to ensure that our sample reflected the diversity of stakeholders involved in the souk. The population was divided into four main strata: merchants, long-time visitors of the souk, local government members, and buyers. In addition to this survey, we conducted direct interviews with officials involved in the management of the souk, such as the municipal treasury officer and the current lessee of the souk, while also consulting the relevant specifications. This thorough assessment allowed us to fully understand the socio-economic characteristics and dynamics of this market.
Thus, although initially centered on livestock trade, the souk of El Khroub has lost much of its former vitality ; it remains a crucial economic hub for local businesses and an essential social gathering point, despite the lack of relevant initiatives from municipal services to invigorate it and restore its former prominence. This paper highlights the critical importance of the El Khroub souk as an economic and social space, which requires the implementation of a strategy that would ensure its prosperity and ability to face current economic challenges. Therefore, we present a scenario to address these issues.
DUS and biochemical characterization of okra wild species for crop improvement
Authors: KIRAN S. BHARGAV , YADAV RAMESH KUMAR , LATA SUMAN , TOMER AVINASH
Published: December 2024

The present study focused on assessing the morphological and biochemical variations among the cultivated and wild okra species at vegetable research farm, Indian Agricultural Research Institute in the year 2021-22 and it has been found that the wild species possess more amount beneficial traits viz; chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, phenol, moisture, mucilage, sugar, ascorbic acid when compared to the cultivated species. The mean performance of these quantitative characters differed significantly from cultivated species (Abelmoschus esculentus). Biochemical parameter values were found to be high in wild accessions and lowest in cultivated species. Among the various wild species of A. moschatus, such as IC-141055 and IC-141040, and wild accessions of A. tetraphyllus, including IC-90515 and IC-90746-1, these plants are characterized by their small, deeply serrated leaves. These traits contribute to reduced infestation rates of BYVMV (Bhindi Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus) and ELCV (Enation Leaf Curl Virus), as the compact leaf structure offers less space for vectors to thrive. Consequently, these species are promising candidates for breeders to consider in crop improvement programs.
Maize-legume intercropping system improved soil quality under irrigated and rainfed conditions
Authors: SIMON NONG SELLO , MMATEKO KGOPA PHOLOSHO , OCHANDA OGOLA JOHN BOB
Published: December 2024

Maize monoculture, which predominates smallholder cropping systems in NE South Africa negatively affects soil quality. We assessed the effect of rainfed and irrigated maize-legumes intercropping systems (sole maize, sole chickpea, sole mungbean, maize+chickpea, maize+mungbean) on soil quality variables at Mankweng and Thohoyandou, South Africa in summer 2019/2020. Three soil samples were randomly collected from each plot at 0–20 cm depth after harvesting at both sites for the determination of bulk density (BD), aggregate stability (AS), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), soil organic matter (SOM), soil organic carbon (SOC), phosphorus (P), ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3-), soil active carbon (SAC), and potentially mineralizable nitrogen (PMN). Intercropping affected pH, SOM, PMN, SOC, P, NH4+ and NO3-. Maize + chickpea (Thohoyandou and Mankweng) and maize + mungbean (Thohoyandou) exhibited higher NH4+ content than sole maize. NO3- was higher under intercropping compared to sole maize at both sites. Mungbean appeared to have greater effect on soil quality parameters than chickpea and intercropping was generally more beneficial under irrigated systems. Clearly, incorporation of legumes as intercrops in maize-based cropping systems may enhance soil productivity.
Influence of irrigation intervals on essential nutrient content in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) seeds
Authors: MUTSHEKWA NDIVHUHO , MPHOSI MABOKO S. , BANGO HAPPY
Published: December 2024

The influence of irrigation intervals on the accumulation of essential nutrients in okra seeds, especially those intended for coffee production, has not been thoroughly documented. This study aimed to investigate the effects of irrigation intervals on essential nutrient levels in okra seeds. By exploring how different irrigation schedules impact nutrient content, this research aims to optimize water use and enhance seed quality to meet the growing demand for nutrient-dense food products. The present study was conducted during late summer (December-January) 2022 and validated in 2023 at the Green Biotechnologies Research Centre of Excellence (GBRCE), University of Limpopo, Limpopo Province, South Africa (23°53'10"S, 29°44'15"E). Okra seedlings were subjected to irrigation intervals of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 days, with each interval replicated 10 times. Each seedling received 2,000 mL of tap water per irrigation. At 59 days after transplanting, pods were harvested and shelled, with seed samples prepared for the determination of malnutrition essential element tests. Calcium, K, Mg, and P versus irrigation interval exhibited quadratic relations with the model explained by 80, 78, 79, and 77% associations, respectively. Similarly, Cu, Fe, Na, Mn, and Zn versus irrigation interval exhibited quadratic relations, with the model explained by 71, 86, 79, 81, and 68% associations, respectively. Using x = −b1/2b2 relation, the average optimal irrigation intervals for macro and micronutrient elements were 9 and 8 days, respectively, with the average suggesting that the Day-8 irrigation interval was suitable for improving malnutrition essential elements of okra seeds under field conditions.
Role of bio health extract on wheat growth according to Zadoks decimal scale
Authors: BAQIR HAYDER ABID Al-RAZZAQ , MAHMOOD JAMAL WALEED , AL-HASSAN MOHAMMED FAWZI HAMZA
Published: December 2024

Combating climate change and promoting sustainability are agricultural experts' priorities in Iraq. Using environmentally friendly fertilizers on strategic crops is considered a milestone for accomplishing that. This study aimed to determine the effect of Bio Health fertilizer spraying on some growth qualities of two wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.). A field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad, during the winter season 2023-24. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used in a split-plot arrangement with three replicates, and the experiment included two factors, the first in the main plots such as two wheat cultivars (Ibaa 99 and Adina), while the second factor in the secondary plots was spraying with Bio Health at concentrations of 800, 1600 and 2400 mg/L, in addition to the control treatment (without spraying). The results showed the superiority of the Ibaa 99 cultivar in plant height, the area of the flag leaf, the number of total branches, chlorophyll content, dry weight of the flag leaf, dry weight of the plant, crop growth rate and biological quotient with an increase of 3.64, 15.77, 5.01, 3.38, 7.33, 3.31, 3.34 and 5.73%, respectively. The results also showed the superiority of spraying with Bio Health at a concentration of 1600 mg/L compared to the comparative treatment, the number of total branches, the dry weight of the plant, the growth rate of the crop and the biological yield, with an increase of 28.39, 48.88, 13.21, 12.10 and 23.19%. As for the study's two factors overlap, the results demonstrated a considerable superiority between the two qualities, the height of the plant as well as its dry weight, and the combination of Bio Health spraying at a concentration of 1600 mg/L for the Ibaa 99 cultivar achieved the highest averages.
Impact of leguminous crop residues on rice performance in diverse cropping systems in the alluvial soils of eastern Uttar Pradesh
Authors: BAHELIYA AJAY KUMAR , KUMAR NEERAJ , SINGH RAM RATAN , KUMAR RAJESH , PANDEY ALOK KUMAR
Published: December 2024

In eastern Uttar Pradesh, the traditional rice-wheat cropping sequence has been identified as a factor contributing to unsustainable agricultural practices, resulting in low productivity and returns for small and marginal farmers. Crop diversification presents a viable solution to enhance productivity and ensure food and nutritional security for these farmers. A field experiment conducted under the All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on Integrated Farming Systems (IFS) at Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Ayodhya, U.P., India, from 2019-20 to 2021-22, evaluated the growth, yield attributes, and production potential of rice under ten rice-based cropping systems under irrigated medium-land conditions. The systems assessed included rice-wheat-fallow, rice-wheat-greengram, rice-frenchbean-greengram, rice-gram-cowpea, rice-mustard-greengram, rice-linseed-blackgram, rice-berseem-sudanchari, rice-oat-maize + cowpea, rice-cauliflower-okra, and rice-potato-cowpea (vegetable). The legume-based systems significantly enhanced plant height, which was attributed to the higher nitrogen availability from the decomposition of legume residues. Legume-based systems showed an increase in the number of leaves per hill and LAI, reflecting improved vegetative growth. Effective tiller production was higher in these systems, which contributed to superior panicle length, grain count, and grain weight. Among these systems, rice-frenchbean-greengram and rice-gram-greengram consistently outperformed the conventional system in terms of yield attributes and the yield of grain and straw. The integration of legume crops into rice-based sequences can improve soil fertility, promote better vegetative growth, and enhance yield, thereby contributing to more sustainable and productive rice cultivation.
Dampak Koping Religius dalam Mereduksi Stres Akademik Mahasiswa
Authors: Muda Faris , Indra Syaiful , Zulkifli Azhari
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini diangkat dari permasalahan tekanan akademik yang terlalu berat hingga mmenyebabkan stres akademik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan dan melihat bagaimana dampak dari koping religius terhadap stres akademik. peneitianJenis metode penelitian adalah kualitatif dengan desain subjektif. teknik pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan purposive sampling denan jumlah 5 mahasiswa akhir. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara tidak terstruktur dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara terhadap subjek, Individu yang menerapkan koping religius menunjukkan tingkat stres akademik yang lebih rendah serta memiliki regulasi emosi dan kepercayaan diri yang lebih baik dalam menghadapi tantangan akademik. Keyakinan keagamaan juga membantu individu dalam mengembangkan perspektif yang lebih luas tentang makna dan tujuan pendidikan merekaHasil penelitian tentang koping religius dapat berdampak positif dan negatif terhadap stres akademik. Semakin tinggi koping religius maka semakin rendah stres akademik, begitu juga sebaliknya
Pigmentation polymorphism of Dikerogammarus villosus (Amphipoda, Crustacea) from the Kuban River, Caucasus
Authors: Skafar D. N. , Givlyud N. N.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this work was to determine the number of morphs and their ratio in the population of Dikerogammarus villosus from the Kuban River, as well as to establish color indicators and the total number of hemocytes in each morph. Amphipods were caught for study in the vicinity of the city of Krasnodar at the confluence of Lake Staraya Kuban with the Kuban River in 2023 and 2024. The analysis of color indicators was carried out using Adobe Photoshop (CIELab) and GIMP software. The total number of hemocytes was determined after the acclimation of individuals to laboratory conditions, which was performed for three days. In the Kuban River, D. villosus was found to be characterized by 4 types of pigment distribution: spotted or patterned (S), homogeneous pigmentation – melanin (M), with dorsal stripes (B) and amber (A). Based on this, we identified four morphs. At the same time, in the morphs with dorsal stripes, we identified two sub–morphs: B1 with wide pigment stripes along the entire pereon, and B2 with thin pigment stripes. The ratio (%) of morphs was as follows: B – 72.1, S – 16.0, M – 7.7, A – 3.3, and T – 0.9. There were no differences in color indices between the morphs, but statistically significant differences were found between morph M and the other morphs in color brightness, the melanin morph was 1.5 times darker as compared to morphs B and S (p 0.005). The total number of D. villosus hemocytes widely ranged from 2480 to 9020 pcs/ml, averaging 4858 ± 1684 pcs/ml. No correlations between the size of individuals and the number of hemocytes were established (p 0.05). There were also no differences in the number of hemocytes between males and females (p 0.05). Hematological variations between the five morphs were not statistically significant either (p = 0.36). Thus, for the first time, the ratio of amphipod morphs of the species D. villosus from the plain part of the lower reaches of Kuban River was determined. Data on the color indices of morphs and the total number of hemocytes of this species are presented.
Development of the Cluster Chemistry, Supramolecular Chemistry and Chemistry of Metal-Organic Frameworks by Professor Vladimir P. Fedin and His School
Authors: Sokolov M. N. , Dybtsev D. N.
Published: December 2024

The article briefly summarizes the main scientific directions contributed to and developed by the outstanding scientist—a leader in the field of coordination chemistry, cluster chemistry, supramolecular chemistry and chemistry of metal-organic coordination polymers, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences Vladimir Petrovich Fedin.
Criteria for the spatial distribution of polymetallic ore objects as a basis for creating a predictive search model using a neural network approach (using the example of the territory of South-Eastern Transbaikalia)
Authors: Grishkov G. A. , Nafigin I. O. , Ustinov S. A. , Petrov V. A. , Minaev V. A.
Published: December 2024

The work is aimed at identifying and substantiating criteria that indirectly or actually control ore objects in order to create a predictive neural network model of the metallogenic potential of southeastern Transbaikalia. For this purpose, geological, geophysical and cartographic materials were collected and processed, including the results of the analysis of remote sensing data. Statistical analysis of the array of collected data made it possible to establish a list of the minimum necessary information to identify criteria for the localization of polymetallic ore objects within the territory of southeastern Transbaikalia. As a result, thematic schemes have been prepared reflecting the relationship between the distribution of known polymetallic mineralization zones and the identified geological and spatial features. A correlation analysis was carried out between all the criteria in order to assess the suitability of using the selected features as input data for a future neural network model.
Estimation of the distribution of deflation sites on the territory of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug by data of remote sensing
Authors: Yuferev V. G. , Kulik K. N. , Pugacheva A. M. , Gushchin V. A.
Published: December 2024

Geoinformation assessment of deflation processes in the Arctic conditions makes it possible to move to a new technological level in the planning of forest reclamation of the landscapes of the Arctic zone. The use of forest reclamation and phytomelioration of accumulative forms makes it possible to control desertification processes. To achieve the purpose of the study – to assess the spatial distribution of deflated surface areas on the territory of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, a geoinformation analysis of current space sensing data was carried out and the degree of degradation (deflation and anthropogenic transformation) of the territory in controlled areas was revealed, on the basis of which the necessary measures are proposed to prevent land deflation and it is planned to create an information system for monitoring and forecasting the state of soil and vegetation cover. The decoding of satellite images of deflation sites in the research area made it possible to develop vector cartographic GIS layers, which show selected coastal, continental not grown and overgrown massifs. The conducted geomorphological differentiation of deflation sites makes it possible to effectively use such parameters as tiering, exposure, meso- and microclimatic differences, as well as plan anti-deflation measures. Vector cartographic layers of the spatial distribution of sandy accumulative forms have been developed and their morphometric characteristics have been determined, the features of the development of continental and coastal deflation have been established, the areas of which are 31.51 and 20.86 thousand hectares, respectively, the total number of sites allocated by vector contours exceeds 166 thousand, and their sizes vary from 0.001 hectares to more than 5.5 thousand hectares. As a result of a spatial assessment of 68 large sandy massifs overgrown with vegetation, their area of 543.85 thousand hectares has been established.
The effect of temperature on the activity of microorganisms in the area of the Bureiskiy Landslide
Authors: Kondratyeva L. М. , Andreeva D. V. , Litvinenko Z. N. , Golubeva E. M.
Published: December 2024

The manuscript presents the results of experimental studies of the adaptive potential of microorganisms that are part of the bacterioplankton of the surface and bottom water layers of the Bureiskoe Reservoir in the zone of the landslide that descended in the winter of 2018. In the summer of 2022, the structure and activity of microbial complexes from area near the landslide were studied. More than 60 strains of microorganisms of different physiological groups were isolated. On the example of 4 strains isolated from different habitats (above and below the landslide body, surface and bottom layers of water) after 30 days of freezing at a temperature of –18°C, their viability and activity in the utilization of easily available nitrogen-containing organic substances were shown. In experimental cyclic freezing-thawing, two variants of thawing were used: slow thawing in a refrigerator from –18°C to +4°C; fast defrosting over a wide temperature range from –18°C to +23°C (at room temperature). Regardless of location, all strains grew vigorously in vitro with use of a readily available peptone carbon source before and after freezing. The maximum activity on peptone was shown by strain 40 BB (below the landslide body, bottom water) in the absence of substrate change. Utilization of peptone as a source of amino acids and peptides could be accompanied by activation of the protective function against cold stress. The selected strains of microorganisms differed in their ability to transform sodium humate molecules depending on the conditions of the freeze/thaw cycles. According to the spectral characteristics, significant changes in the aliphatic and aromatic components of the humate molecule occurred with the participation of strains 45 AB and 40 BB isolated from the bottom water. These strains were more active at low thawing temperatures, which actually corresponded to the in situ temperature of the bottom water layers, which is 4–6°C. Strain 13 BS from surface water sampled below the landslide body is characterized by active transformation of the aromatic component of humic substances in a wide range of thawing temperatures (from –18 to +23°C). The results indicate that in different regions during the thawing of permafrost and the influx of specific organic substances the specific mechanisms of formation of the quality of natural waters may manifest.
The specificity of the composition, abundance and trophic structure of the summer macrozoobenthos of the Rybinsk Reservoir in the modern period
Authors: Lovkova T. A. , Pryanichnikova E. G.
Published: December 2024

The main structural characteristics of the summer macrozoobenthos of the Rybinsk Reservoir have been studied according to the data of the expanded grid of stations in 2019 and 2021. 80 species and forms of benthic invertebrates were identified, most of which were chironomids, oligochaetes and mollusks. In all zones and parts of the reservoir, the basis of benthos species richness is represented by chironomids. The dominant complex on all soils included Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Claparede, 1862, in most cases – Chironomus f. l. plumosus, with the exception of silted sand, where Cladotanytarsus gr. mancus and Tubifex newaensis (Michaelsen, 1902) were added to them. On the silted-up shell, the dominants included Potamothrix moldaviensis Vejdovsky et Mrazek, 1902. The basis of the quantity (93%) and biomass (86%) of animals were chironomids and oligochaetes. The greatest abundance of benthic invertebrates was recorded on gray silts and in the deep-water zone of the reservoir. The Sheksninsky part was characterized by the largest benthic biomass, and the Volzhsky part was characterized by the largest quantity. Among the trophic groups in the quantity of macrozoobenthos on all main soils, in all parts, in the deep-water zone and estuarine areas of the tributaries of the reservoir, the basis was formed by detritophages–swallowers. In the zone of open shallow water, phytodetritophages–filtrators + collectors dominated in quantity. This trophic group made the greatest contribution to the benthic biomass of gray and peaty silts, in all zones and parts, except the Volzhsky part. On silted-up shell, the largest share in the total biomass was made up of phyto-detritophages–filtrators + collectors and detritophages–swallowers. Detritophages–swallowers formed the main part of benthic biomass on silted sand and in the Volzhsky part. When conducting a comparative analysis with the results obtained in 1978, a decrease in the biomass of oligochaetes on gray silts was recorded by ~3 times. Likely, this is due to a decrease in the occurrence and abundance of a large oligochaete that previously dominated on gray silts, an indicator of β-mesosaprobic conditions, Tubifex newaensis. In 2019 and 2021, this oligochaete was not included in the dominant complex of gray silts. It began to be represented by polysaprobes Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri. This can serve as an indirect sign of an increase in the trophic status of a reservoir to a typically eutrophic one and an increase in the accumulation of organic matter in soils.
Recent Catalytic Routes to 3-Azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane Derivatives
Authors: Barashkova K. A. , Latyshev G. V. , Kotovshchikov Y. N. , Lukashev N. V. , Beletskaya I. P.
Published: December 2024

The review summarizes recent achievements in the synthesis of 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes (3-ABH). These heterocyclic systems are ubiquitous in the structure of molecules that can act on a variety of biological targets and are actively used in drug design. Classification and analysis of the modern approaches to 3-ABHs based on the use of transition metal complexes are carried out, and the mechanisms of the key processes are considered. The presented reactions include the assembly of 3-ABH by annulation of three- or five-membered rings as well as numerous one-step syntheses from acyclic precursors via tandem cyclizations.
Synthesis and Properties of 1,3-Disubstituted Ureas and Their Isosteric Analogues Containing Polycyclic Fragments. XVII. 1-[(3-Bromadamantan-1-yl)]-3-R-Ureas and Symmetric Diureas
Authors: Gladkikh B. P. , D’yachenko V. S. , Danilov D. V. , Matyukhina A. K. , Burmistrov V. V. , Butov G. M.
Published: December 2024

A series of 1,3-disubstituted ureas and diureas was synthesized by the reaction of (3-bromoadamantan-1-yl)isocyanate with aliphatic diamines, fluorine-containing anilines, and trans-4-amino-(cyclohexyloxy)benzoic acid in 36–85% yields. Hydrolysis of (3-bromoadamantan-1-yl)isocyanate in the presence of catalytic amounts of DBU afforded symmetrical 1,3-bis-((3-bromadamantan-1-yl)urea in 60% yield. are promising inhibitors of human soluble epoxide hydrolase hsEH.
Carbonylation and Other Transformations of Polyfluorobenzocyclobutenols in Super Acids
Authors: Wang S. , Zonov Ya. V. , Karpov V. M. , Mezhenkova T. V.
Published: December 2024

Acid-catalyzed carbonylation of a number of polyfluorinated benzocyclobuten-1-ols, as well as cyclic sulfoesters of benzocyclobuten-1,2-diols, in reaction with carbon monoxide has been carried out. The efficiency of using TfOH and FSO3H-SbF5 as acidic systems was evaluated. Both products of CO addition with the remaining four-membered ring — the corresponding carboxylic acids, and various products of carbonylation accompanied by its transformations (ring opening, opening followed by heterocyclization with the formation of isochromane derivatives, expansion to a five-membered one) were obtained. In some cases, the formation of polycyclic dimeric products was also observed.