bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formulation and evaluation of posaconazole Emulgel: A novel topical drug delivery
Authors: Neelam Brinda Gouri  , M Sunitha Reddy  , K. Anie Vijetha
Published: December 2024

The goal of this study is to create a Posaconazole emu gel that will enable the medication to permeate the skin more deeply than current preparations. Posaconazole, a triazole antifungal medication, is used to prevent severe fungal infections. When administered orally, this medication absorbs slowly. Topical pharmaceutical delivery is preferred as a therapy method because it prevents the drug's first-pass metabolism. Posaconazole emu gel is prepared using the gelling agent carbopol 934. Furthermore, oleic acid is used as an emulsifier for the oil phase, while tween 80 is used as an emulsifier for the aqueous phase, propylene glycol and Transcutol P serves as a co-surfactant and Transcutol in this formulation has used for its ability to enhance anti- fungal property, and methyl paraben and propyl paraben are employed as preservatives. TEA (Triethanolamine) was Added to adjust the pH of the emu gel to 6-6.5. All of the prepared emulgels had satisfactory physical properties. The batch F6 of the formulation demonstrates improved drug release compared to the other formulations
Unraveling the complexity: A rare case of urea cycle defect and its clinical implications
Authors: Sophie Davies-van Es  , Hanadi Alnageeb  , Ashraf ALakkad
Published: December 2024

Background: Argininosuccinate lyase deficiency is a rare urea cycle disorder that leads to severe hyperammonemia, particularly in neonates. Early identification and intervention are crucial to prevent neurological damage and improve long-term outcomes.
Case Presentation: This case presentation describes the clinical course of an 18-year-old male from South Africa, who was referred to the Adult Endocrine Unit for further management after being diagnosed with life-threatening hyperammonemia in the neonatal period. Presenting on the fourth day of life, the patient was ventilator-dependent and required peritoneal dialysis. Analytical results obtained during the hyperammonemia crisis showed considerable perturbements of metabolic parameters; potassium was 6.6 mmol/L, urea was <1 mmol/L and the peak ammonia level was 2590 μmol/L. The change in amino acid level showed that glutamine, alanine, and argininosuccinic acid were increased. Molecular genetic testing finally led to the diagnosis of argininosuccinate lyase deficiency, a urea cycle disorder. Mostly, dietary protein intake was restricted to about 1 g/kg/day, and the use of ammonia precursors such as sodium phenylbutyrate and sodium benzoate, L-arginine, and branched-chain amino acid supplementation.
The patient was treated and developed normally up to puberty, but he had mild neurocognitive delay that affected his school attendance in the mainstream schools. He ended up experiencing multiple hyperammonemia crises in his lifespan and the last admission with crisis in September 2024 ammonia increased to 228 umol/L (11-35umol/L), treated with Dextrose 10%infusion and ammonia scavengers, and protein restriction, ammonia dropped to 93 umol/L within 24 hours.
Conclusion: This case shows that urea cycle defect requires early diagnosis and continuing treatment to prevent episodes of hyperammonemia crisis. Our patient had normal physical growth but had neurocognitive dysfunction, which is why the management of this rare urea cycle disorder is challenging.
A role of medicinal plants in cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Shyam G. Pawar  , Yashkumar R. Dhole  , Swati P. Deshmukh
Published: December 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, necessitating the exploration of effective therapeutic alternatives. Medicinal plants have gained prominence as potential adjuncts or alternatives to conventional pharmacotherapy due to their bioactive compounds that exhibit cardioprotective properties. This review evaluates the role of various medicinal plants in the prevention and management of CVDs, highlighting their mechanisms of action, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and lipid-lowering effects. Key plant species, including garlic, hawthorn, and ginger, are examined for their efficacy in improving cardiovascular health. Furthermore, the integration of traditional knowledge with modern pharmacological research is discussed, emphasizing the need for rigorous clinical studies to validate the therapeutic potential of these plants. Ultimately, this synthesis underscores the importance of incorporating medicinal plants into cardiovascular treatment regimens, offering a holistic approach to managing heart health.
A review on nanoparticles in cancer therapeutics with its classification and synthesis
Authors: Niyati M Shinde  , Prashant G Shelke  , Pooja R Hatwar  , Ravindra L Bakal  , Divya G Gautam
Published: December 2024

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, with 7.9 million fatalities reported in 2007. The World Health Organization predicts that cancer-related deaths will increase to 12 million by 2030. Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising tool in cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Nanoparticles have been employed in drug delivery systems, imaging, and therapy due to their unique properties. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of nanoparticles, their classification, and applications in medicine. Nanoparticles can be classified based on their composition, size, and shape. Carbon-based nanoparticles, such as fullerenes, graphene, and carbon nanotubes, have been widely used in cancer therapy. Inorganic nanoparticles, including metal oxides and semiconductor nanoparticles, have also shown potential in cancer treatment. The review highlights the recent advances in nanoparticle-based cancer therapy, including targeted drug delivery, imaging, and therapy. The potential toxicity of nanoparticles is also discussed, and the need for further research to ensure their safe use in medicine is emphasized. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive overview of nanoparticles and their applications in cancer therapy.
Review of research on the vibration and buckling of functionally graded spherical shells
Authors: Marwah Ghazi Kareem  , Saddam Khalsan Al-Raheem  , sadiq emad sadiq  , Luay Sadeq Alansari
Published: December 2024

Spherical shells are important components in many aerospace and engineering structures. A functionally graded material (FGM) spherical shell can have its material distribution varied with the change of the radius direction, which can enhance the bearing capacity and the stability of the thin-walled shells. However, due to the special geometric characteristics of the spherical shell, the simplicity of its geometry will lead to great complexity in its vibration and buckling analysis processes. This paper mainly reviews the previous analytical and numerical research on the vibration and buckling of the FGM spherical shell. The shell's middle plane equilibrium equations are derived from plate theory. The Galerkin method, the Ritz method, the power series solution method, and other methods are introduced to carry out the vibration and buckling analysis. The frequencies, mode shapes, and the critical buckling load of the FGM spherical shells, which are under various boundary conditions and external pressure.
Unlocking the secrets of color psychology for transformative interior design through SEHT
Authors: Amita Puri  , Shefali Shelat  , Srishti Bhatt  , Shivam Gupta  , Kumud Aneja  , Bhanuja Gauba  , Sami Alam  , Bhavna Pandya
Published: December 2024

Colour psychology transcends visual appeal, delving into the profound connection between hues and human emotions. For budding interior decorators, this understanding is not merely an artistic endeavour but a tool to craft spaces that align with the occupants' emotional and spiritual needs. Subconscious Energy Healing Therapy (SEHT) offers a transformative lens for understanding the deeper resonance of colours, going beyond traditional aesthetics to unlock their emotional and energetic impact. SEHT is rooted in the idea that colours carry vibrational energies capable of influencing the subconscious mind. By leveraging this knowledge, interior decorators can create environments that foster positivity, balance, and healing. For instance, soft blues can evoke tranquillity, making them ideal for bedrooms, while vibrant yellows can stimulate creativity and energy in workspaces. Similarly, calming greens can restore a sense of harmony in living areas, while warm earthy tones can ground and comfort. The SEHT approach empowers designers to curate interiors that resonate with the energies and intentions of the occupants. By aligning colour choices with the principles of emotional well-being, decorators can create spaces that not only look stunning but also nurture the soul. This method bridges the gap between design and well-being, turning interiors into sanctuaries of healing and inspiration. Incorporating SEHT into interior design transforms it from a visual craft to an intuitive science. It allows designers to infuse their creations with purpose, crafting spaces that heal, energize, and connect on a subconscious level, fostering harmony within both the environment and its inhabitants. This topic explores the interplay of colour psychology and Subconscious Energy Healing Therapy (SEHT) for budding interior decorators. It emphasizes how colours not only transform spaces aesthetically but also influence emotional well-being and subconscious energy. Through the SEHT approach, this topic delves into understanding the deeper psychological impacts of hues, guiding designers to create spaces that heal, inspire, and rejuvenate both body and mind.
Literature review: Phytochemical content, pharmacology and ethnobotanical of Genus Rosa in Asia
Authors: Yulian Navadia Widyastuti
Published: December 2024

One type of plant that has the potential to be utilized in pharmacology and industry is roses. Roses or Rosa sp. is one of Rosaceae family which contains many chemical compounds. But the utilization is not diverse, just focusing on the flower part. In addition, research related to the content of phytochemical compounds contained in rose plants has not been widely explored so that its potential as a therapeutic agent has not been widely utilized in the pharmacology industry. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to collect information related to the phytochemical content and its potential as pharmacology of various types of rose species in the Asian and its potential as ethnobotany. The method used in this review paper is to collect data through literature studies from previous research. Furthermore, after the information gathering process, it can be seen that the content of phytochemical compounds from the Rosa genus is dominated by phenolic compounds which include flavonoids, tocoferol, tannins, saponin, anthocyanins and ascorbic acid. These compounds are also capable of causing therapeutic effects in the pharmacology industry. Some of the pharmacological properties that appear include antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic. In addition, the hereditary utilization of the Rosa genus in the Asian ethnobotanically also varies greatly.
Role of family communication and satisfaction on post-traumatic growth in women with cancer
Authors: Puspita Bharati Samantaray  , Jashobanta Mahapatra  , Diptirani Samanta  , Prasanta Kumar Sethi
Published: December 2024

Background- Recent studies have shown that traumatic events can also lead to positive changes termed post-traumatic growth (PTG). Cancer is one of the most traumatic illnesses and has a higher incidence rate in women who face numerous challenges in all spheres. Family plays an important role in cancer treatment. The patient's family can have a positive impact on the patient's emotional adaptation to cancer, or they can impede it by reinforcing the denial of the cancer diagnosis. Exploring the role of family dynamics in post-traumatic growth becomes essential.
Aims and Objectives- This study focuses on family communication and satisfaction in PTG among women with cancer.
Methods and materials- The study was cross-sectional in nature. A sample of 50 women with cancer were selected from a government hospital in Odisha using purposive sampling. Then they were assessed using the FACES-IV Scale, and PTGI-X scale. Correlation and regression analysis were used to interpret the results.
Results- Results indicated a significant positive relationship between family communication and PTG (r=.773, P<0.01), as well as family satisfaction and PTG (r=.811, P<0.01). Further, results indicate a substantial relationship between the two predictor variables and PTG (R square= .722, P<0.01); family satisfaction is a better predictor of PTG (β=.528).
Conclusion- The study findings indicate that family communication and satisfaction are positive predictors of PTG, with family satisfaction being a better predictor of PTG.
Eye tracking techniques and medical applications: A comprehensive review
Authors: Souhad A. Lawand
Published: December 2024

Eye tracking is a powerful tool that has been widely used to study human behavior and cognition. This article provides a comprehensive review of eye tracking techniques, their efficiencies in accurately evaluating eye movements, and their medical applications. The article discusses different eye tracking techniques, including video-based electrooculography (EOG), and scleral search coil methods, and their advantages and limitations. It also reviews the medical conditions that can be evaluated with eye tracking, including ophthalmological and neurological disorders.
Using the INRS QECPT method for ergonomic assessment and prevention strategies in an Algerian maternity ward
Authors: NARDJESSE BENSEKHRIA  , WISSAL BENHASSINE
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Physical workload is a significant challenge in maternity wards, where healthcare workers face intense demands such as patient handling, prolonged postures, and repetitive efforts. This study, conducted in an Algerian maternity ward, uses the INRS (National Institute for Research and Safety) method to evaluate physical workload, identify biomechanical, organizational, and environmental risks, and propose improvement strategies.
Methods: This study followed a structured three-step approach. First, risks were identified and prioritized using ergonomic indicators to highlight critical situations. Second, a detailed evaluation of physical workload was conducted based on five dimensions: physical effort, staffing levels, temporal constraints, organizational factors, and environmental conditions. Risks were stratified into moderate and high levels to focus on key areas for intervention. Finally, preventive strategies were proposed to reduce constraints and improve working conditions for healthcare workers.
Results: Out of 31 work situations analyzed, 47.2% exhibited moderate to high-risk levels. The gynecology, high-risk pregnancy, and neonatology units concentrated critical constraints, including prolonged postures and intense physical efforts.
Conclusion: The study highlights key priorities such as improving ergonomic equipment and reorganizing workflows to reduce physical strain and preserve healthcare workers’ health while ensuring quality patient care. This provides a foundation for targeted preventive strategies.
Effect of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) Techniques in COPD patients: A narrative review
Authors: Lajwanthi Andhe  , Sai Krishna Peteru
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive, incurable lung condition marked by persistent airflow limitation, predominantly affecting smokers. It ranks as the third leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) techniques, involving externally applied proprioceptive and tactile stimuli, can elicit reflex respiratory responses, influencing breathing rate and depth.
Aim: To determine the effectiveness of PNF techniques in COPD condition.
Results: Several articles are used to discuss the effectiveness of the PNF techniques in COPD. Integrating PNF techniques into pulmonary rehabilitation offers significant benefits for individuals with COPD. These techniques enhance respiratory function by improving air exchange, boosting respiratory parameters, and increasing oxygen saturation levels, all while maintaining a stable respiratory rate.
Conclusion: PNF serves as a valuable adjunct or alternative to traditional therapies, effectively improving respiratory function and overall quality of life (QOL) for patients.
Decarbonization of oil rig platforms: An integrated approach
Authors: Kelvin Edem Bassey
Published: December 2024

The decarbonization of oil rig platforms is increasingly critical as the global energy sector transitions toward more sustainable practices. This paper presents an integrated approach to reducing carbon emissions from offshore oil rigs, focusing on the synergy of renewable energy integration, carbon capture and storage (CCS), operational efficiency, and supportive policy frameworks. Offshore oil platforms are significant contributors to greenhouse gas emissions, and their decarbonization is essential for aligning the oil and gas industry with global climate goals. This paper explores the potential of renewable energy sources, such as offshore wind and solar power, to replace fossil fuel-based energy generation on oil rigs. The integration of hybrid energy systems that combine wind, solar, and energy storage solutions offers a promising path toward continuous and reliable power supply while reducing emissions. Additionally, the implementation of CCS technologies on oil platforms is reviewed, highlighting their role in capturing and storing CO2 emissions, thereby mitigating their environmental impact. Operational efficiency and process optimization are also examined as critical components of decarbonization efforts. By improving energy efficiency, reducing flaring, and enhancing digitalization and automation, oil rigs can significantly lower their carbon footprint. Waste heat recovery is identified as another opportunity to convert excess heat from operations into useful energy, further contributing to emission reductions. The paper also emphasizes the importance of policy and regulatory support in driving decarbonization initiatives. Effective regulatory frameworks, economic incentives, and international cooperation are crucial for overcoming the technical, economic, and social challenges associated with decarbonizing oil rig platforms. In conclusion, the decarbonization of oil rig platforms requires a comprehensive and integrated approach that leverages technological innovation, operational improvements, and robust policy support. By addressing the challenges and opportunities outlined in this paper, the oil and gas industry can play a vital role in the global effort to reduce carbon emissions and combat climate change.
Reconciliation without the gospel, a city without a horizon
Authors: Didace Hatungimana  , Sylvestre Bizimana  , Thierry Bahizi
Published: December 2024

The Great Lakes region of Africa has gone through long years of incessant wars. This situation has created divisive conflicts between its sons and daughters. Now, enormous efforts are being made here and there for a probable reconciliation. The goal of reconciliation is a future aspiration, an important element to aim for, perhaps even an ideal city to hope for in the Great Lakes region of Africa torn apart by conflicts of all kinds. This new city – a reconciled city, a peaceful and pacifying city – is only possible if the people of the Great Lakes agree to move from a divided past to a shared future. This article endeavored to prove the fact that reconciliation involves a whole process of which forgiveness is one of the fundamental elements such as truth and justice. Finally, the kind of reconciliation that wants to achieve its goal needs to begin with reconciliation with God and has to find its foundations in the Bible.
The use of thistle during the perinatal period: A modern study in Cypriot women
Authors: Sofronia Sofroniou  , Maria Iliadou  , Giannoula Kyrkou  , Panagiota Theodorou  , Victoria Vivilaki
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The exploration of herbal intake during perinatal period holds significant importance due to potential risks to both the mother and the foetus, along with the potential interactions with other medications. Studies indicate varying percentages of pregnant women using herbs, ranging from 5.8% to 45.8% in different regions. This research aims to contribute to the understanding of herbal practices during pregnancy, emphasizing the need for comprehensive studies, proper counseling, and awareness among healthcare providers.
Methods: A questionnaire-based study was conducted among Cypriot women who gave birth at a Private Hospital in Limassol from July to September 2022. Ethical approval was obtained, and the questionnaire covered general information, knowledge, attitudes, emotional states using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, lifestyle, and demographics. Data were analyzed using SPSS.
Results: Out of 218 approached, 200 women participated (91.74% response rate). Participants were mainly aged 30-35 (42.5%), with postgraduate degrees (36.5%), married (73%), and employed in the private sector (55.5%). Most had one child (57%). Seventy-one percent used herbs during pregnancy, reducing to 51% while pregnant. Sixty percent believed herbs could induce labor. Knowledge about herbs for newborns was limited, and 8% reported thoughts of self-harm.
Conclusion: The study highlights widespread herbal use among Cypriot women during pregnancy, emphasizing the need for educational initiatives. Concerns about knowledge gaps and potential emotional distress call for further investigation and targeted interventions. Randomized clinical trials are essential to enhance safety and efficacy knowledge surrounding herbal usage during pregnancy and postpartum.
Household solid waste management in Grand-Lahou on the south-west coast of Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Amichalé Jean Cyrille Beda  , Jean-Marie Pétémanagnan Ouattara  , Franck Michaël Zahui  , Aman Messou  , Lacina Coulibaly
Published: December 2024

Poor management of household solid waste has a negative impact on the environment and can be a source of many illnesses. In order to improving the living environment of local populations, this study aims to analyze household waste management in of Grand-Lahou. Data were collected through field observations, a survey and a characterization of the waste produced in the households. The respondents were all over 25 years of age, with a higher proportion of women (65%). The waste produced in Grand-Lahou households is packaged in makeshift garbage cans (garbage can liners (9.5%), used buckets (30.9%), old basins (4.8%), cut cans (16.7%) and old bags (38.5%). Pre-collection and collection of this waste is essentially handled by the Technical Department of Grand-Lahou municipality, which covers only 60% of the town. The waste collected is dumped at the town's municipal landfill. However, more than half of households (59%) sort a few items, such as banana and manioc peelings, used rubber shoes, buckets, used rubber containers, iron and aluminum items (used appliances and fans, cans, etc.), which are directed towards recycling channels. Concerning the composition of the waste, it is dominated by putrescible materials (42.05%) and plastics (20.25%), suggesting that the waste could be recovered and recycled.
Relationship Between Anemia in Pregnancy and Postpartum Hemorrhage
Authors: Hasna Afifa Huwaida
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Postpartum hemorrhage is one of the causes of maternal death. Postpartum hemorrhage occurs when blood loss is >500 ml. Bleeding is an obstetric emergency and must immediately receive appropriate treatment. Anemia is a risk factor for postpartum hemorrhage. The global prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in 2011 was based on data from the World Health Organization. Pregnant women throughout the world who experienced anemia were 38.2%. Southeast Asia has the highest ranking, namely 48.7%. Anemia is a global problem and occurs frequently in developing countries. This study aims to further investigate the relationship between anemia and the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage.
Method: This study is a literature review. The articles sourced from Google Scholar and selected articles based on certain inclusion criteria. The selected articles present original research findings regarding the relationship between anemia and the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage. The articles were published between 2020-2024.
Result and Discussion: From the literature research, 10 articles met the inclusion criteria. Review from 10 articles showed that there was a relationship between anemia and the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage. Pregnancies with anemia have a 11.253 times greater risk of postpartum hemorrhage than non-anemic mothers
Conclusion: Mothers with anemia have a higher risk of postpartum hemorrhage than non-anemic mothers. It is hoped that pregnant women and midwives can regularly monitor anemia status to prevent complications in the future.
Exploring the significance of quantum cryptography in future network security protocols
Authors: Philip Chidozie Nwaga  , Stephen Nwagwughiagwu
Published: December 2024

In an era of unprecedented technological advancement, the rise of quantum computing poses both opportunities and challenges to network security. While quantum computers promise to revolutionize data processing and problem-solving, they also render traditional cryptographic protocols vulnerable, threatening the integrity of current network security systems. Quantum cryptography, particularly quantum key distribution (QKD), emerges as a groundbreaking solution, leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics to ensure unparalleled data security. Unlike classical methods, QKD guarantees secure communication by detecting eavesdropping attempts, as any observation of quantum states disrupts their integrity. This paper explores the pivotal role of quantum cryptography in shaping future network security protocols amidst a landscape of increasing cyber threats. It provides a comprehensive analysis of QKD systems, their integration into existing infrastructure, and their resilience against potential quantum-based attacks. The discussion includes real-world implementations, such as satellite-based QKD networks and fiber-optic quantum communication systems, illustrating their practical viability and scalability. Furthermore, the paper addresses current challenges, including cost, technical complexity, and interoperability with classical networks, offering insights into ongoing research aimed at overcoming these hurdles. As global reliance on digital infrastructure grows, the transition to quantum-resilient security frameworks becomes imperative. Policymakers, industry leaders, and technology developers must collaborate to advance quantum cryptographic technologies and ensure their accessibility. By securing communication channels against both classical and quantum threats, quantum cryptography is positioned to redefine the foundations of network security, paving the way for a more secure and interconnected digital future.
Protecting small businesses from social engineering attacks in the digital era
Authors: James Olaniyan  , Amos Abidemi Ogunola
Published: December 2024

In the digital era, small businesses are increasingly targeted by social engineering attacks, which exploit human vulnerabilities to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information. Tactics such as phishing, baiting, and pretexting are particularly effective against smaller enterprises due to their limited resources and often inadequate cybersecurity measures. Phishing, for example, deceives employees into revealing credentials through fraudulent emails, while baiting entices victims with promises of rewards, and pretexting manipulates individuals into divulging critical data under false pretenses. These attacks not only compromise sensitive information but also lead to significant financial losses, reputational damage, and operational disruption. The role of IT security frameworks is critical in mitigating social engineering risks for small businesses. Frameworks like the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework and ISO 27001 provide structured approaches to identifying, assessing, and managing security risks. However, the cost and complexity of implementing such frameworks can be prohibitive for small enterprises. To address these challenges, businesses can adopt cost-effective strategies such as employee training, multi-factor authentication (MFA), and endpoint protection tools. Regularly updating software, conducting simulated phishing exercises, and leveraging cloud-based security solutions further bolster defenses without significant financial burdens. By prioritizing cybersecurity awareness and leveraging affordable solutions, small businesses can enhance their resilience against social engineering attacks. This paper explores the vulnerabilities of small enterprises, evaluates the effectiveness of IT security frameworks, and outlines pragmatic strategies tailored to their unique constraints. Ensuring robust defenses against these pervasive threats is essential for safeguarding the digital future of small businesses.
Understanding electoral violence in the United States: The role of social media
Authors: Damilola Bartholomew Sholademi  , Adebobola Omowon
Published: December 2024

Electoral violence poses significant challenges to democratic processes, and in recent years, the United States has witnessed a concerning increase in politically motivated acts of aggression. This phenomenon, often exacerbated by the pervasive influence of social media, threatens the integrity of elections, the rule of law, and public trust in democratic institutions. Social media platforms serve as double-edged swords: they provide opportunities for political engagement and voter mobilization while simultaneously facilitating the spread of misinformation, hate speech, and extremist narratives that can incite violence. This study examines the multifaceted role of social media in influencing electoral violence in the United States, exploring its potential as a driver, amplifier, and mitigator of conflict. The analysis begins with a broader examination of electoral violence globally, contextualizing its manifestations in the U.S. political landscape. It highlights the structural vulnerabilities within the U.S. electoral system, such as political polarization, misinformation, and inadequate digital governance. Using case studies of recent elections, the study delves into how social media has been weaponized to propagate divisive content, target specific demographic groups, and mobilize extremist actions. In narrowing its focus, the research identifies strategies for mitigating electoral violence through improved digital regulation, media literacy campaigns, and enhanced interagency collaboration. These measures are critical for safeguarding electoral integrity and fostering public trust. This paper underscores the urgency of addressing the nexus between social media and electoral violence to protect the democratic fabric of the United States.
Anatomical study of thyroid pyramidal lobe among thyroidectomy patients in east Gezira, Sudan
Authors: Amir Mohamed Ali  , Mushera Abdelgadir Ahmed  , Mohamed Soud Saadeldein
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The thyroid pyramidal lobe (PL) is a remnant of the thyroglossal duct and is considered as normal component of the thyroid gland and may be affected by the diseases that affect the rest of the thyroid parenchyma. A practicing endocrine surgeon should keep the anatomical variations of the pyramidal lobe in mind to achieve a completely total thyroidectomy, when indicated.
Aim: Our aim is to study the presence and anatomical features of the pyramidal lobe of the thyroid gland in the patients undergoing total thyroidectomy.
Methods: This analytical cross sectional, hospital-based study was carried in Ruffaa teaching hospital. Including patients who underwent thyroidectomy during the period (January 2023 – December 2023) were selected to participate after they giving an informed consent. Data was entered and analysed.
Result: Seventy-six thyroidectomies were done, 94.6% of patients were female. Pyramidal lobe was found in 34.2% of patients, and it was originated commonly from the midline isthmus in 90.0%. The vast majority of patients (65.8%) were presented by symptoms and signs of neck swelling. Significant correlation was found between the presence of the pyramidal lobe and the coexistence of other thyroid congenital anomalies e.g. Retrosternal goiter and thyroid ima artery (p = .000) while no correlation was found to age and gender.
Conclusions: The presence of the pyramidal lobe is common in people of East Gezira and it is generally arising from the isthmus and tidily associated with compression symptoms.
The effect of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the plant Rhizosphere on the quality of forage nutrient
Authors: Ni Made Witariadi  , Ni Nyoman Candraasih Kusumawati
Published: December 2024

The presence of soil microbes around plant roots (Rhizosphere) plays a role in providing nutrients needed by plants. Research to determine the effect of nitrogen-fixing bacteria population in the plant Rhizosphere on the quality of forage nutrient. Sampling in the plant Rhizosphere: NR = Non Rhizosphere, RG = Rhizosphere Gliricidia sepium, RL= Rhizosphere Leucaena leucocephala, and RI = Rhizosphere Indigofera zollingeriana, and each treatment was repeated 7 times. Observed variables include: soil nutrient content, population microbes, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and quality of forage nutrient. The results showed that the C-organic content of the soil in the Rhizosphere Indigofera zollingeriana (RI) treatment was 4.16% (very high) and total Nitrogen was 0.34% (moderate). The highest total microbes and nitrogen-fixing bacteria populations of 6.0 x 106 and 2.5 x 105 Cfu/g soil were found in the Rhizosphere Gliricidia sepium (RG) treatment, and the lowest results were 2.6 x 105 and 2.0 x 105 Cfu/g soil in the Non Rhizosphere (NR). The quality of forage nutrient in the Rhizosphere Gliricidia sepium (RG) treatment, produced the highest crude protein (28.56%) and the lowest crude fiber (14.41%). It can be concluded that the population nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the Rhizosphere ​​Gliricidia sepium (RG) is able to improve the quality of forage nutrient produced.
Prescription patterns and utilization of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and comorbidities in secondary care hospitals
Authors: R. Revathi  , S.Vijaya kumar  , P.D. Gokulan  , K. L. Senthil Kumar
Published: December 2024

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly those with co-morbid type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), now have an important therapeutic option in the form of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. Realworld prescription patterns, adherence to clinical guidelines, and the impact of these inhibitors on patient outcomes remain understudied, particularly in secondary care setting, despite their demonstrated efficacy in improving renal and cardiovascular outcomes.
The study was conducted to examine how SGLT2 inhibitors were prescribed and what actual results were observed in patients with chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Data was acquired from the electronic health records (EHRs) of patients who were treated in secondary care hospitals, with a focus on demographic, clinical, and laboratory information. The examination of prescription trends has shown a gradual rise in the utilization of SGLT2 inhibitors among CKD patients with both T2DM and CVD in the last six months.
This increase has been particularly notable after the updated clinical guidelines highlighted their advantages for renal and cardiovascular health. From the data, the majority of patients were found to be prescribed SGLT2 inhibitors in line with the eGFR thresholds advised by present clinical guidelines. Nonetheless, discrepancies were observed in prescription practices, specifically within older populations and individuals with severely impaired renal function. This group tended to opt for alternatives like ACE inhibitors and ARBs more frequently.
Anti-Tumorigenic Activities of Diodia Sarmentosa Leaf Extract on Diethyl Lnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Wistar Rats
Authors: Okoroafor Chinedu Henry , Ndubuisi Ezejiofor Tobias Innocent , Nkole Ikechukwu Ugbaga , Awagu Emenike Fidelis
Published: December 2024

This study is an integral part of the search for an alternative pharmacognostic solution for hepatocellular carcinoma. This is the first in vivo study on the anti-cancer activities of Diodia sarmentosa leaves. Therefore, it reveals the possibility of incorporating the leaf extracts into existing natural remedies or its application as a stand-alone therapy. It evaluated the biochemical, antioxidant, and anti-tumour potentials of the Diodia sarmentosa leaf extract on diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in adult albino wistar rats. Liver cancer was successfully induced in the experimental animals through oral administration of diethylnitrosamine (20 mg/kg body weight) dissolved in normal saline (0.9%), 5 times a week for 6 weeks. Biochemical and histopathological evaluations were made to determine the impact of diethylnitrosamine in the serum and on the tissues of the adult wistar rats. In the treated group, significant (P<0.05) improvements were recorded in the serum levels of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, vitamin C, glutathione, and total antioxidant capacity compared to the positive control. In the positive control, serum levels of the electrolytes (Na+, Cl-, K+, and HCO3-), gamma-glutamyl transferase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase were significantly (P<0.05) altered compared to the normal control. The photomicrographs of the treated group show diffused necrosis and atrophy of tumour nodules, with one-cell-thick hepatocellular plates separated by sinusoids with a normal nucleus. The development of liver cancer in the experimental animals affected not only the liver but also the kidney. These are evidenced by the significant alterations in some biochemical parameters associated with kidney damage and/or disease. Through this study Diodia sarmentosa leaf extract shows evidence-based assertions as an anti-cancer agent and can be useful in the search for a natural and more effective remedy for cancer.
La formazione dei formatori alla LIS/LIST e delle figure professionali dedicate
Authors: Chilante Mauro , Martelli Alessandra
Published: December 2024

The training of LIS/LIST trainers, interpreters, and Communication Assistants presents several challenges in relation to the assessment of deafness and respect for the natural rights of the Deaf. There is a lack of clear guidelines on interpreter training within universities. Questions regarding the involvement of Deaf LIS teachers, as well as the training and recognition of Communication Assistants, remain unresolved. It is essential to expand the training content in line with European guidelines, including LIS descriptors (Complementary Volume of the CEFR), and to raise the level of trainer preparation.
(Ri)Definire l’insegnamento della LISt nella formazione universitaria di interpreti-guida per persone con sordocecità
Authors: Volpato Laura
Published: December 2024

Law No. 69 of 21 May 2021 establishes that the Italian Republic recognises, promotes, and protects Italian Sign Language (LIS) and Tactile Italian Sign Language (LISt). Furthermore, it recognises the roles of LIS and LISt interpreters, specifying that the title of interpreter is obtained upon completion of a bachelor’s degree. Similar bachelor’s programmes have been offered since 2003 in Norway, where, despite the three-year duration of the course, considerable attention is given to the topic of deafblindness. Based on teaching experiences in Italy and Norway, the author proposes the introduction of a module dedicated to ‘Deafblindness and LISt’ as part of the training for guide interpreters in Italy.
Dámusta saga
La saga islandese di Dámusti, il Cavaliere della Vergine
Authors: Salmoiraghi Davide
Published: December 2024

Dámusta saga belongs to the genre of original riddarasögur, the chivalric literature of medieval Iceland. The saga was likely composed sometime in the late fourteenth century and is extant in some twenty manuscripts and three versions. The story is set at the court of Constantinople and tells of Dámusti, a pious knight especially devout to the Virgin Mary: of his love for the emperor’s daughter, the fair Gratiana, and of the sin he commits for the sake of her love. This work represents the first Italian translation of Dámusta saga and the first study wholly devoted to the text since 1937. The study opens with an overview of the Norse literary system and the riddarasögur as a genre, from which the saga is set apart due to the centrality of the religious component as a driving force in the narrative. While scholars have been at odds in explaining how the saga justifies Dámusti’s salvation by the direct intercession of the Virgin despite his sin, this study argues for the coherence of the hero’s actions in light of the parable of sin and repentance that lies at the core of the saga. Through the discussion of parallels with European chivalric literature and Norse religious texts, the study demonstrates that this component is the supporting structure of a narrative which is in turn a tale of chivalric adventure and an example of penitential literature. The discussion of the manuscript tradition of the saga and of the codex of the version translated here (Reykjavík, Safn Jóns Sigurðssonar, JS 27 fol. (1670), ff. 314v‐329r) is followed by an overview of the other versions of the story that transmits Dámusti’s adventure and demonstrates its success beyond the medieval period. The translation of Dámusta saga is based on the oldest complete manuscript. The facing Old Norse text is accompanied by a selection of significant variants chosen from other witnesses of the manuscript tradition.
4 • La fortuna della Dámusta saga
Authors: Salmoiraghi Davide
Published: December 2024

Una breve rassegna degli altri testi che trasmettono la storia di Dámusti e ne dimostrano la fortuna dopo la Riforma: una rielaborazione del tardo XVIII secolo (Sagann af Danusta Jósephssyn); un racconto popolare del XVII secolo (Söguþáttr af Jóni Ipplandakóngi), che viene anche tradotto in Appendice); un antico ciclo di ballate (Dámusta rímur).
Los Alamos and its Contemporary ‘Remains’: Cormac McCarthy and William Eggleston
Authors: Gerlero Virginia
Published: December 2024

Los Alamos, New Mexico – a largely uninhabited desert area – became the site of the Manhattan Project, the federal programme launched during the Second World War to develop the atomic bomb. As a secret city and the ultimate symbol of US scientific, military and economic ‘progress’, Los Alamos also evokes the image of ‘ultimate things’. This paper focuses on two great American authors who, through different media, have considered Los Alamos as a key to offering their own image of the contemporary landscape and its ‘remains’; the writer Cormac McCarthy and the photographer William Eggleston.
The Disembodied Magic Body
Situating the Self and its Clone in Laurie Anderson’s Dal Vivo
Authors: Bertoli Angelica
Published: December 2024

The exhibition project Dal Vivo, conceived by Laurie Anderson and Germano Celant in 1998 for Fondazione Prada in Milan, explores the relationship between the body, its translation into image and the related perception. The project features Santino Stefanini, incarcerated in San Vittore prison, whose presence is simulated through video transmission, disrupting temporal linearity and awakening consciousness. It invites reconsideration of unconventional existences, rather than focusing on prison conditions. Through theatrical, narrative and performative viewpoints, this paper aims at questioning the nature of art and life in a shared experiential space through the definition of a dialectical identity.
Navigating an Eco-Material Apocalypse with TITANE (France/Belgium 2021)
Authors: Constantinides Babylonia
Published: December 2024

Embedded in petromodernity and the automotive industry, our history is permeated by fossil and metallic materialities. Chemical traces cling to the corpse, the living and the not yet born, indexing the interconnectedness between them, between the earthly and the mechanical. With the figure of the pregnant posthuman (Rodante van der Waal), the paradigm of placenta politics (Rosi Braidotti), and the concept of systemic crisis (Laurent Berlant), the film TITANE (Julia Ducournau) shows the ecological, technological, and social world in an apocalyptic dance of pulsating endurance.
Nalini Malani’s The Rebellion of the Dead
Dialectical Images in a Dialectical Exhibition
Authors: Tavano Maria Novella
Published: December 2024

Between 2017 and 2019 a major retrospective was dedicated to Nalini Malani (Karachi, 1946) “artiste pionnère de la performance, de l’art vidéo et de l’installation en Inde”; such exhibition was held at the Centre Pompidou in Paris and at the Castello di Rivoli – Museo d’Arte Contemporanea. Focusing on the Italian venue, this short essay questions the possibility of reading the exhibition through the lens of Walter Benjamin’s concept of dialectical image. In order to do so, the main references are Mieke Bal’s and Livia Monnet’s essays in the Italian catalogue and unpublished documents preserved in the current archives of the Castello di Rivoli.
Analysis of Learning Media In The Holistic Curriculum of IPAS Subjects at SD Negeri 35 Kimindores, Southwest Papua
Authors: Harni Harlina , Rosidah Cholifah Tur , Rosmiati
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the use of learning media in learning Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) at SD Negeri 35 Kimindores, Southwest Papua. This research uses a qualitative approach to gain an in- depth understanding of the effectiveness of learning media, student responses, and the characteristics of learning media in the context of the Holistic Curriculum. Data were collected through observation, interviews with teachers and students, and document analysis related to the learning media used. The results showed that the learning media used at SD Negeri 35 Kimindores in Southwest Papua are diverse, including visual, audio, manipulative, and digital media. Students show high enthusiasm for the use of learning media and find it useful in understanding the concept of IPAS. However, some media are less integrated with the principles of the Holistic Curriculum, such as the lack of focus on developing critical, collaborative and creative thinking skills. This research provides important implications for the development of learning media that are more effective and in accordance with the principles of the Holistic Curriculum.
Understanding The Interaction Between Pressure and Volume in Gas Systems Through Boyle’s Law Practicum
Authors: Febrianti Widi , Hendriansyah Egi , Imani Kaida Azra , Harielpaniadi M. Addya , Sari Nuraeni Nanda , Hartini Tri Isti
Published: December 2024

This research aims to understand the interaction between pressure and volume in gas systems, as explained by Boyle’s Law, has significant applications in industrial and medical fields. This study examines the relationship between pressure and volume through practical experiments using constant piston height. Measurements were carried out to validate the inverse proportionality between pressure and volume under constant temperature conditions. The findings revealed a consistent increase in pressure across three experiments, with average values of 100.84 Pa, 100.87 Pa, and 100.88 Pa, respectively. These results demonstrate the applicability of Boyle’s Law in understanding gas behavior and optimizing gas-based systems. This research contributes to practical applications such as medical ventilators and gas cylinder designs, offering insights for technological innovation in these areas.