bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan motivasi belajar matematika dengan menggunakan metode penemuan terbimbing siswa SMP
Authors: Sriwidiarti Dian
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: mengetahui pelaksanaan metode penemuan terbimbing dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar matematika siswa SMP. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, menggunakan desain tindakan model Kemmis dan Taggart yang menggunakan empat komponen dalam setiap siklusnya yaitu: perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IXA SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Yogyakarta yang berjumlah 32 siswa terdiri dari 27 siswa laki-laki dan 5 siswa perempuan. Kelas tersebut diberi perlakuan dengan menggunakan metode penemuan terbimbing untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar pada materi Bangun Ruang Sisi Lengkung. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: terdapat peningkatkan motivasi belajar matematika siswa kelas IX A SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Yogyakarta yaitu dengan melaksanakan metode pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing dengan benar dan sesuai langkah-langkah pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan penemuan terbimbing. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dengan hasil keterlaksanaan pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing mengalami peningkatan. Pada saat sebelum tindakan, hasil motivasi siswa yang tinggi dan tinggi sekali 75% atau 24 siswa. Setelah dilakukan tindakan hasil motivasi siswa yang tinggi dan tinggi sekali 96,88% atau 31 siswa.
Implementasi Media Flash Card Dalam Meningkatkan Penguasaan Kosakata Bahasa Arab
Authors: Islami Miftakhul Falah , Islami Miftakhul Falah
Published: October 2020

This study aims to determine the implementation of flash card media in improving Arabic vocabulary mastery. This research is included in classroom action research. The subjects of this study were students of class X IIS 2 Muhammadiyah 5 High School in Yogyakarta academic year 2017/2018. The method used to collect data is observation, tests, documentation, and field notes. The results showed an increase in vocabulary mastery after the use of flash card as a learning medium. The increase can be seen from the pre-test value and the post-test value. The average value of the first cycle class between pre test and post test showed an increase in value of 48 points from the average grade of 30 points in the pre test to 78 points in the test post. so that it can be seen that there is an increase in Arabic vocabulary mastery before and after the action. The increase has not been significant because the average grade is still below the indicator of success. And the average grade in the second cycle between pre-test and post-test shows an increase in value of 70 points from the average grade of 15 points in the pre-test to 85 points in the post-test value. Keywords: Media Flash Card, Arabic Vocabulary
PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN SISWA TERHADAP MATERI PELAJARAN TARIKH MELALUI METODE ROLE PLAYING
Authors: Azizi Moh Sofwan Zauri
Published: October 2020

AbtrsakPenelitian ini berlatar belakang pada kenyataan bahwa dalam pembelajaran Tarikh, guru masih menggunakan metode ceramah, hal ini membuat siswa bosan dan tidak semangat belajar, sehingga pemahaman materi siswa sangat rendah. Di dalam kegiatan pembelajaran guru tidak menggunakan metode pembelajaran yang menarik sehingga proses belajar siswa kurang kondusif.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang terdiri dari dua siklus. Dengan menggunakan metode observasi aktivitas siswa dan tes sselama proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode role playing. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Muhammadiyah 5 YogyakartaNilai rata-rata pada penerapan metode role playing dapat meningkatkan pemahaman belajar Tarikh, hal ini terlihat dari hasil pra siklus, siklus I, dan siklus II, rata-rata persentase,hal ini terlihat dari rata-rata hasil lembar observasi yang terus meningkat pada setiap siklusnya. Rata-rata aktivitas belajar siswa pada siklus I sebesar 64,00% dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 83,88%, sedangkan peningkatan pemahaman siswa dari siklus I ke siklus II sebesar 19,88%.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan metode role playing dapat meningkatkan pemahaman materi tarikh.Kata kunci : peningkatan pemahaman, metode Role-Playing, pembelajaran tarikhAbstracThis research is based on the fact that in the learning date, the teacher still uses the lecture method, this makes students bored and not enthusiastic about learning, so that the students' material understanding is very low. In learning activities the teacher does not use interesting learning methods so that the learning process of students is less conducive.This research is a classroom action research (CAR) consisting of two cycles. By using the observation method of student activities and tests during the learning process by using role playing methods. This research was conducted at Muhammadiyah 5 High School YogyakartaThe average value on the application of role playing methods can improve understanding of learning dates, this can be seen from the results of pre cycle, cycle I, and cycle II, the average percentage, this can be seen from the average results of the observation sheet that continues to increase in each the cycle. The average learning activity of students in the first cycle was 64.00% and in the second cycle increased to 83.88%, while the increase in understanding of students from cycle I to cycle II was 19.88%.Based on the results of these studies it can be concluded that the application of role playing methods can improve understanding of date materialKeywords: kognitif improvement, role playing metdhod, Tarikh lesson
METODE SMALL GROUP DISCUSSION UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI MEMBACA TEKS HORTATORY EXPOSITION
Authors: Soifah Utami
Published: October 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan metode pembelajaran Small Group Discussion (SGD) untuk meningkatkan kompetensi membaca. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI IPA 3 SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Yogyakarta. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Masing-masing siklus terdiri dari 4 tahap: perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan observasi; tes untuk mengukur kemampuan siswa dalam membaca sedangkan lembar observasi bertujuan mengamati aktifitas guru dan siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan SGD dapat meningkatkan kompetensi membaca. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan adanya peningkatan jumlah siswa yang mencapai nilai Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM). Pada siklus I ada 55.6% siswa yang tuntas dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 77.8%. Kompetensi membaca siswa mengalami peningkatan ketika siswa saling bertukar pendapat dan informasi terhadap bacaan pada materi teks Hortatory Exposition.  Penelitian ini juga menemukan ada keuntungan dan kelebihan dalam penerapan SGD.
Pollutant emission reductions deliver decreased PM2.5-caused mortality across China during 2015–2017
Authors: Silver Ben , Conibear Luke , Reddington Carly L. , Knote Christoph , Arnold Steve R. , Spracklen Dominick V.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Air pollution is a serious environmental issue and
leading contributor to disease burden in China. Rapid reductions in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations and increased ozone
concentrations occurred across China during 2015 to 2017. We used
measurements of particulate matter with a diameter <2.5 µm
(PM2.5) and ozone (O3) from more than 1000 stations
across China along with Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with
Chemistry (WRF-Chem) regional air quality simulations, to explore the
drivers and impacts of observed trends. The measured nationwide median
PM2.5 trend of -3.4µgm-3yr-1 was well simulated by the model (-3.5µgm-3yr-1). With anthropogenic emissions fixed at 2015 levels, the simulated trend was much weaker (-0.6µgm-3yr-1),
demonstrating that interannual variability in
meteorology played a minor role in the observed PM2.5 trend. The model
simulated increased ozone concentrations in line with the measurements but
underestimated the magnitude of the observed absolute trend by a factor of
2. We combined simulated trends in PM2.5 concentrations with an
exposure–response function to estimate that reductions in PM2.5
concentrations over this period have reduced PM2.5-attributable
premature mortality across China by 150 000 deaths yr−1.
A gridded surface current product for the Gulf of Mexico from consolidated drifter measurements
Authors: Lilly Jonathan M. , Pérez-Brunius Paula
Published: October 2020

Abstract. A large set of historical surface drifter data from the Gulf of Mexico – 3761 trajectories spanning 27 years and more than a dozen data sources – are collected, uniformly processed and quality controlled, and assimilated into a spatially and temporally gridded dataset called GulfFlow. This dataset is available in two versions, with one-quarter degree or one-twelfth degree spatial resolution respectively, both of which have overlapping monthly temporal bins with semimonthly spacing, and extend from the years 1992 through 2019. Together these form a significant resource for studying the circulation and variability in this important region. The uniformly processed historical drifter data interpolated to hourly resolution from all publicly available sources are also distributed in a separate product called GulfDriftersOpen. Forming a mean surface current map by directly bin-averaging the hourly drifter data is found to lead to severe artifacts, a consequence of the extremely inhomogeneous temporal distribution of the drifters. Averaging instead the already monthly-averaged data in GulfFlow avoids these problems, resulting in the highest-resolution map of the mean Gulf of Mexico surface currents yet produced. The consolidated drifter dataset is freely available from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3985916 (Lilly and Pérez-Brunius, 2020a), while the gridded products are available for noncommercial use at https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3978793 (Lilly and Pérez-Brunius, 2020b), the latter being freely available for noncommercial use only for reasons discussed herein.
Brief communication: Glacier thickness reconstruction on Mt. Kilimanjaro
Authors: Stadelmann Catrin , Fürst Johannes Jakob , Mölg Thomas , Braun Matthias
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Glaciers on Kilimanjaro are unique indicators for climatic change in the
tropical midtroposphere of Africa, but their disappearance seems imminent.
A key unknown is their present ice thickness. Here, we present thickness
maps for the Northern Ice Field (NIF) and Kersten Glacier (KG) with mean
values of 26.6 and 9.3 m, respectively, in 2011. In absence of direct
measurements on KG, multitemporal satellite information was exploited to
infer past thickness values in areas that have become ice-free and therefore
allow glacier-specific calibration. In these areas, KG is unrealistically
thick in the existing consensus estimate of global glacier ice thickness.
Dominant patterns of interaction between the tropics and mid-latitudes in boreal summer: causal relationships and the role of timescales
Authors: Di Capua Giorgia , Runge Jakob , Donner Reik V. , van den Hurk Bart , Turner Andrew G. , Vellore Ramesh , Krishnan Raghavan , Coumou Dim
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Tropical convective activity represents a source of predictability for mid-latitude weather in the Northern Hemisphere. In winter, the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the dominant source of predictability in the tropics and extratropics, but its role in summer is much less pronounced and the exact teleconnection pathways are not well
understood. Here, we assess how tropical convection interacts with
mid-latitude summer circulation at different intra-seasonal timescales and
how ENSO affects these interactions. First, we apply maximum covariance
analysis (MCA) between tropical convective activity and mid-latitude
geopotential height fields to identify the dominant modes of interaction.
The first MCA mode connects the South Asian monsoon with the mid-latitude
circumglobal teleconnection pattern. The second MCA mode connects the
western North Pacific summer monsoon in the tropics with a wave-5 pattern
centred over the North Pacific High in the mid-latitudes. We show that the
MCA patterns are fairly insensitive to the selected intra-seasonal timescale
from weekly to 4-weekly data. To study the potential causal interdependencies between these modes and with other atmospheric fields, we
apply the causal discovery method PCMCI at different timescales. PCMCI
extends standard correlation analysis by removing the confounding effects of autocorrelation, indirect links and common drivers. In general, there is a two-way causal interaction between the tropics and mid-latitudes, but the
strength and sometimes sign of the causal link are timescale dependent. We
introduce causal maps that show the regionally specific causal effect from
each MCA mode. Those maps confirm the dominant patterns of interaction and
in addition highlight specific mid-latitude regions that are most strongly
connected to tropical convection. In general, the identified causal
teleconnection patterns are only mildly affected by ENSO and the
tropical mid-latitude linkages remain similar. Still, La Niña
strengthens the South Asian monsoon generating a stronger response in the
mid-latitudes, while during El Niño years the Pacific pattern is
reinforced. This study paves the way for process-based validation of boreal
summer teleconnections in (sub-)seasonal forecast models and climate models
and therefore works towards improved sub-seasonal predictions and climate
projections.
Surrogate based aeroelastic design optimization of tip extensions on a modern 10MW wind turbine
Authors: Barlas Thanasis , Ramos-García Néstor , Pirrung Georg Raimund , González Horcas Sergio
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Advanced aeroelastically optimized tip extensions are among rotor innovation concepts which could contribute to higher performance and lower cost of wind turbines. A novel design optimization framework for wind turbine blade tip extensions, based on surrogate aeroelastic modeling is presented. An academic wind turbine is modelled in an aeroelastic code equipped with a near wake aerodynamic module, and tip extensions with complex shapes are parametrized using 11 design variables. The design space is explored via full aeroelastic simulations in extreme turbulence and a surrogate model is fitted to the data. Direct optimization is performed based on the surrogate model, seeking to maximize the power of the retrofitted turbine within the ultimate load constraints. The presented optimized design achieves a load neutral gain of up to 6 % in annual energy production. Its performance is further evaluated in detail by means of the near wake model used for the generation of the surrogate model, and compared with a higher fidelity aerodynamic module comprising a hybrid filament-particle-mesh vortex method with a lifting-line implementation. A good agreement between the solvers is obtained at low turbulence levels, while differences in predicted power and flap-wise blade root bending moment grow with increasing turbulence intensity.
Modern Business Model Innovation Methodologies: A Systematic Literature Review (2015-2020)
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: October 2020

This research aims to investigate modern academic methodologies in business model innovation published 2015-2020. For this analysis a systematic literature review is conducted. As a result 14 academic methodologies are acknowledged and compared according to their process models. Moreover, the research takes a special focus on organizational mindset in business model innovation and how it is reflected in modern methodologies.The study reveals that all evaluated academic methodologies are different in accordance to their focus as well as their level of detail of their described process steps. Among other findings, the topic organizational mindset is mentioned in two out of the 14 academic studies as an important element for successfully implementing a business model innovation. This implicates that overcoming the organizational mindset of established companies as a main barrier in business model innovation is not systematically concerned in any of the selected modern studies.In summary, the findings of this paper point out that the current academic business model innovation methodologies are not appropriate and supplementary exploration has to follow. Thus, two research gaps are acknowledged. First, the lack of level of detail concerning the process steps. Secondly, the lack of systematic integration of organizational mindset in the business model innovation steps.
Animal Welfare and Pig Factory Farming in Ontario, Canada (1950s – Present)
Authors: Xavier de Carvalho Miguel Mundstock
Published: October 2020

This article explores the inception and development of pig factory farming in Ontario, Canada, since the 1950s to date, focusing on animal welfare dimensions. The study showed that although the term “animal welfare” was not well-known until the 1980s, discussions on cruelty and abnormal animal behaviour begun in the early days of factory farms. The article also delves into tensions between the humane movement and the agribusiness sector in Ontario. The article further sheds light on the social context that eventually led to an alliance in support of a conservative, incomplete notion of animal welfare between these former opponents. The article posits that as opposed to supporting the abolition of factory farming, the concept of animal welfare became central to implementing limited reforms in factory farming to convince the public and to marginalize discordant voices while concurrently expanding pig and other animal production worldwide.
Seed Germination and Initial Growth of Pepper Seedlings is Influenced by Environment Temperature and Priming Method
Authors: Sallaku Glenda , Vuksani Gjok , Balliu Astrit
Published: October 2020

The effects of different environment temperatures, priming treatments and priming durations on germination parameters and early growth of pepper seedlings were investigated. Seeds were hydro primed in distilled water, or osmo primed in two different water potentials (-0.15 and -0.5 MPa) of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 8000. Both, hydro primed and osmo primed seeds were subject of two different imbibitions periods, 48 and 72 hrs. In addition to primed seeds, an equal sample of non primed seeds was included in the experiment as a control variant. Following priming, the seeds were subjected to germination tests at two different environment temperatures, respectively 18 0C and 24 0C. In general, there was no significant effect of hydro priming on germination parameters or early growth of pepper seedlings. On the contrary, significantly higher germination percentage and germination speed and significantly shorter mean germination time than the non primed seeds were obtained due to seed osmo priming by PEG. Similarly, an enhanced seedling growth, especially under suboptimum temperature conditions was evidenced in PEG primed seedlings. Apart from germination speed, the increase of PEG concentration from -0.15 to -0.5 MPa had no effect to germination parameters of pepper seeds. The extent of the imbibitions period over 48 hrs did also have no benefits on germination parameters.
Metaphors of Shame in George Eliot'sMiddlemarch
Authors: Walker Kamila , Harbus Antonina
Published: October 2020

Shame is a significant concept in George Eliot's Middlemarch thematically, narratively, and linguistically. Integral to the discursive representation of this emotion in the novel is the artistic use of ordinary conceptual metaphors and metonymies as a component of its noted realism. The figurative language deployed is both familiar and extraordinary. It is partially influenced by universal bodily responses to the experience of shame, and partially made accessible through culturally mediated meanings. Eliot's language is also distinctly unique, in that in its discursive context it enacts her own sharp psychological and moral analysis. This article investigates how Eliot uses familiar metaphors of embodied shame—especially blushing and sensations of oppression—to signal the often conflicted and suppressed emotional states of her characters. This nuanced use of familiar figurative constructions relies on conceptual norms shared with the reader, and provides a rich reading experience that arises from the recognition of common embodied affective experience.
The Impact of Appeals on the Parliamentary Elections in Jordan
Authors: Atiyyat Taha
Published: October 2020

This paper investigates the impact of filing appeals on the parliamentary elections running the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. It, thus, aims to ensure free and fair elections governed by the justice and the transparency principles which pave the way for candidates and voters to appeal, if needed, during the parliamentary electoral process as considered one of the most important guarantees the legislator vouches for in the Election Law. In addition to the conclusion and recommendations, the study tackles the theme of parliamentary appeals from different perspectives: its definition and relation to legality principle; the role of courts in judging such sort of appeals; the criteria of this appeals and appellants; and the appeals in the parliamentary electoral polls; nomination, and membership validity.
Another Broken System: How the Adoption System in the United States Is Keeping Families Apart
Authors: Li Yvonne
Published: October 2020

At its best, the adoption system brings families together and gives children a chance at a happy and healthy life; however, as it turns out, like many other systems in the United States, the adoption system is entrenched with systemic racism that may negatively impact a child’s life. In this paper, I examine the following questions: In what ways does the adoption process favor one race over the other? Who is imagined as the parent and the child in a transracial adoption? What has the public’s response been when the parent is a person of color? I first look at scholarship related to transracial adoptions and the arguments around whether transracial adoptions are beneficial for the children. I discuss some deeply rooted problems in transracial adoptions that may have a long term impact on a child’s life. I then outline my research methods, and finally, I discuss the results of my research. Ultimately, I argue that the adoption system, a system that is supposed to bring families together, is unintentionally keeping families apart with its regulations. In addition, I look into how some of the racist undertones in adoption policies have bled into what people imagine a family should look like.
WYBRANE, PRAKTYCZNE ASPEKTY ZARZĄDZANIA RYZYKIEM PROJEKTOWYM W KOLEJNICTWIE
Authors: Barcik Agnieszka , Dziwiński Piotr
Published: October 2020

Artykuł stanowi teoretyczno-empiryczne studium odnoszące się do wybranych aspektów zarządzania ryzykiem w projektach na przykładzie branży kolejowej. Środowisko
dla realizacji tych projektów jest bardziej skomplikowane i wymagające niż środowisko dla projektów realizowanych w innych branżach. Dlatego kategoria ryzyka jest tak ważna i musi być analizowana dokładnie i wielokierunkowo. Artykuł został podzielony na dwie części: teoretyczną i empiryczną. W pierwszej części zrealizowano cel teoretyczny, który odnosi
się do krytycznej analizy literatury dotyczącej zarządzania ryzykiem, w szczególności specyfiki projektów realizowanych w branży kolejowej, kategorii ryzyka pojawiającego się w tych projektach oraz metodologii zarządzania ryzykiem w tych projektach. Druga część artykułu ma charakter empiryczny. Autorzy zrealizowali w niej cel odnoszący się do identyfikacji głównych czynników ryzyka, które mogą wpływać na projekty realizowane w branży kolejowej. W części tej oparto się na analizie polskiego rynku kolejowego, wykorzystując metodę delficką, wpartą wywiadami eksperckimi z menedżerami. Dzięki niej określono częstotliwość i wpływ tych czynników na powodzenie realizacji analizowanych projektów oraz sformułowano wskazówki dla dalszego skutecznego zarządzania tymi projektami.
THE ROLE OF A WORK COACH IN THE EMPLOYMENT PROCESS OF EMPLOYEES WITH DISABILITIES
Authors: Rogowska Daria
Published: October 2020

This article is devoted to the role of a work coach in the employment process of people with disabilities. The purpose of the article is to present the role of a job trainer in the process of employing people with disabilities, because this issue in relation to the functioning of people with disabilities, when it comes to their employment seems to be little known. The article focuses on the issue of disability. Attention is paid to the important role that work plays in the life of a person with disabilities. The principles of employing an assisted employee with a disability are presented. The essence of supported employment was also presented. The article also presents the tasks of a job trainer and his competences. The main differences in the specificity of work of an employment trainer and vocational counselor were indicated.
A research report was presented on how the employment trainer works in practice.
BRAND IN NEW MEDIA. USERS’ MOTIVATIONS FOR CONTENT CREATION AND CONTENT SHARING
Authors: Hofman-Kohlmeyer Magdalena
Published: October 2020

Prevalence of digital technologies and the availability of various tools caused that a growing number of users engage in creating their own content (user-generated content) and share this content with others. The content takes the form of text, image, sound as well as video files. Present paper try to answer the question why users engage in generating brand-related
content. The author applied a review of available literature, primarily foreign scientific articles. Conducted research suggest that users generate branded content in order to share their brand
experiences (brand product or service) with other consumers, act for altruistic reasons and want to help others. They are often guided by social benefits (willingness to meet someone
with similar tastes, belonging to specific communities). In addition, they need to get a feedback from other users or obtain “likes” to the added content, build and present their personal
identity. Occasionally, users are motivated by desire to influence the company, because the feel social pressure and add brand-related content as entertainment in itself.
Zur Zwangshaft gegen (deutsche) Amtsträger, insbesondere zu der Entscheidung des EuGH C-752/18, Deutsche Umwelthilfe e. V. gegen Freistaat Bayern
Authors: Lind Franziska , Priebe Anne Sophie
Published: October 2020

Dieser Beitrag konzentriert sich auf die Möglichkeit, deutsche Beamte zwangsweise in Haft zu nehmen, wenn sie rechtskräftigen Urteilen nicht nachkommen. Diese Analyse ist insbesondere im Hinblick auf die jüngste Vorabentscheidung des EuGH in der Rechtssache C-752/18 betreffend einen Rechtsstreit zwischen der Deutschen Umwelthilfe e.V. und dem Freistaat Bayern (Deutschland) über dessen anhaltende Weigerung, die zur Einhaltung des Grenzwertes für Stickstoffdioxid in der Stadt München erforderlichen Maßnahmen zu ergreifen (EU-Richtlinie 2008/50), von Bedeutung. Der Artikel beginnt mit einer Analyse der Gründe, warum die Zwangsinhaftierung deutscher Amtsträger nicht mit dem deutschen Recht, insbesondere mit Artikel 2 Absatz (2) des Grundgesetzes, vereinbar ist. Anschließend wird untersucht, wie die Verpflichtung, die wirksame Umsetzung des EU-Rechts sicherzustellen, diese Bedenken ausräumen könnte. Der Beitrag zeigt auf, dass diese Verpflichtung nicht alle anderen EU-Rechtsvorschriften außer Kraft setzen kann und letztlich durch die Rechte des Einzelnen, wie sie in der Europäischen Grundrechtecharta verankert sind, eingeschränkt wird. Da es im deutschen Recht derzeit keine Rechtsgrundlage gibt, die den Anforderungen von Artikel 6 und Artikel 52, Absatz (1) GRCh entspricht, können deutsche Beamte nicht zwangsweise inhaftiert werden. Die Autorinnen schließen mit einem Appell an den deutschen Gesetzgeber, wirksamere rechtliche Zwangsmaßnahmen vorzusehen.
Mucosal Melanoma of the Head and Neck: From Diagnosis to Treatment
Authors: Bezerra Toscano de Mendonça Ullyanov , Guimarães Soffientini Júlia , Ficher Barbosa Victoria , Cozer Keren
Published: October 2020

Mucosal melanomas of the head and neck are very rare malignancies that present with aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. Usually diagnosed at advanced stages, thus presenting macroscopically as aggressive nodular neoplasms arising from the mucosa; few cases are detected in situ. Tumor staging for mucosal melanoma remains a challenge. Several staging systems have been suggested, including tumor-nodal-metastases (TNM) staging systems, but none are frequently used. There is no clear consensus on the management of head and neck mucosal melanoma, which reflects the rare nature of the disease and complexity of the anatomic site. The late diagnosis, frequently presenting at an advanced stage, denotes the aggressive nature of the disease. Currently, early detection and surgical excision is considered the primary method of treatment. The multidisciplinary team approach can help reduce morbidity and mortality once optimize treatment, reduce costs and minimize adverse events, while maximizing the chances of recovery.
Understanding the Mechanisms of Pain in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Biddle Kathryn , Sofat Nidhi
Published: October 2020

Pain is a debilitating feature of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and is often described by patients as their most important symptom. Rheumatoid arthritis pain has traditionally been attributed solely to joint inflammation, however despite the advent of increasingly effective disease modifying agents, patients continue to report pain at long term follow up. The cause for ongoing pain is multifactorial and includes joint damage and pain sensitisation. In this book chapter, we will describe the mechanisms underlying the distinct components of pain which are manifest in rheumatoid arthritis and discuss why a thorough assessment of pain is vital to target treatments appropriately.
Responses of Neotropical Savannah Plant Species to Abiotic Stresses: A Structural and Functional Overview
Authors: Aparecida Barbosa de Castro Silvana , Coelho Kuster Vinícius
Published: October 2020

Plants under field conditions are subject to different types of abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, and light excess that adversely affect their growth and survival. In addition, several studies have pointed out the effect of climate change such as an increase in the concentration of atmospheric CO2, as well as an increase in global temperature on the distribution and wealth of plants. Adaptation to abiotic stress and survival occurs on different scales, at the cellular level for each individual, and requires a range of strategies, whether morphological, physiological, molecular or structural. Such strategies may be determinant in the distribution of plant species in natural habitats, depending on ecological adaptations shaped by the evolutionary history of species. In this chapter, we discuss recent information about mechanisms of plant adaptation to abiotic stress in the Neotropical savannah based on the cell and individual scales.
Shipibo Conibo and Chilean Diaguita Visual Art: Cognitive Technologies, Shamanism and Long-Distance Cultural Linkages
Authors: González Carvajal Paola
Published: October 2020

Pre-Columbian art in all its varied forms offers rich terrain for furthering our insights into the cultural and symbolic lives of Amerindian peoples. This paper studies decorative patterns of Diaguita origin which present a visual logic characterized by the use of complex symmetries, illusory optical vibration, endless variability stemming from simple geometric forms, horror vacui, and gradual structural complication, among other techniques. The features described, the association of this visual art to an animal alter ego (jaguar), and the evidence of hallucinogen use together suggest a cultural link with specific ethnographic (Shipibo-Conibo) and archeological (Mojocoya) visual art. In this case, we are dealing not with a notation system but with visual “technologies of enchantment” (sensu Gell 1998) that are used to produce decorative patterns with social agency that captivate viewers with their visual artifice—the non-mimetic appearance of animation. In 2015, a large cemetery was excavated at the Diaguita site of El Olivar. The graves therein belong to an early Diaguita cultural period, during which the Diaguitas created a techno-stylistic material identity, expressed in visual languages rooted not only in the Andean world, but in ancient cultural traditions of the eastern lowlands of Bolivia and the Peruvian Amazon.
Bioeconomic Potential of Sustainability Indicators in a Ceramic Production Center in the Western Amazon
Authors: Dias Florentino Gelson , Guerreiro Martorano Lucieta , Augusto Lima dos Santos Sandro , Reinaldo da Silva Cabral de Moraes José , Paula de Andrade Miranda Ires , de Lourdes Pinheiro Ruivo Maria
Published: October 2020

The use of Amazonian biodiversity has great potential to produce bioproducts in diverse production chains and segments of industry. The combination of public policies with biotechnological development represents an important indicator for the implementation of sustainable production chains that adhere to the Sustainable Development Objectives (SDO). The ceramic industries in the Amazon region represent activities that promote local economic development through the use of biological resources that can be transformed into bioproducts that are considered a reference for sustainable production in world markets. The operations of these industries have great potential to incorporate technologies that can be used for fabrication of ceramic products on a biological base that is compatible with bioeconomic guidelines. The principle of a bioeconomy is centered on the possibility of transformation of natural resources into bioproducts that aggregate technologies and contribute to increase incomes and reduce environmental impacts. In this way, the integration of different fields of science should be stimulated to incorporate new technologies that favor business models that comply with the premises of sustainability.
Políticas públicas e estratégias de reprodução social: o PAA para mulheres no Nordeste e no Norte do Brasil
Authors: Mota Dalva Maria da , Schmitz Heribert , Guimarães Jamille Ferreira
Published: October 2020

O artigo trata do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) para mulheres extrativistas e agricultoras. Investiga-se como se configuram as estratégias de reprodução social de mulheres extrativistas e agricultoras no âmbito do PAA em localidades rurais do Nordeste e do Norte do Brasil, com base em dois estudos de caso: com extrativistas de mangaba na localidade Pontal, no município de Indiaroba (Sergipe), e com agricultoras no Trevo de Belterra, município de Belterra (Pará). Como principais procedimentos, foram entrevistadas todas as mulheres envolvidas com o PAA e registradas observações. A conclusão geral reforça os achados de outros analistas que descrevem o PAA como uma política que reúne objetivos econômicos e sociais: dinamizou processos produtivos, incentivou a organização das mulheres e contribuiu para um maior bem-estar (dieta e bens móveis). Não obstante, esse programa deixou de ser prioritário desde 2016 e houve uma significativa redução dos recursos.
Gênero e desenvolvimento na Amazônia: acesso das mulheres às políticas públicas nos estados do Amazonas, do Pará e do Tocantins
Authors: Miranda Cynthia Mara , Barroso Milena Fernandes
Published: October 2020

As mulheres que vivem nos estados do Amazonas, do Pará e do Tocantins enfrentam dificuldades para acessar políticas públicas. Se nas capitais dos estados que compõem a Amazônia Legal os obstáculos para as mulheres acessarem políticas públicas estão presentes, no interior amazônico o acesso é ainda mais difícil e distancia as mulheres de uma vida digna. O presente estudo teve como objetivo discutir sobre as questões de gênero e desenvolvimento a partir da análise do acesso às políticas públicas para as mulheres. Para tal, foi utilizada a metodologia comparada e qualitativa, evidenciada pela pesquisa bibliográfica e documental nos Organismos Estaduais de Políticas Públicas para as Mulheres. O estudo apontou que as políticas para as mulheres estão concentradas nas capitais e não chegam às cidades periféricas dos estados, concluindo ainda que organismos estaduais de políticas para as mulheres nos estados analisados apresentam limitações estruturais e orçamentárias para o seu pleno funcionamento.
Designing a Quantum Management Model for Organizational Learning Through a Systematic Approach to Grounded Theory: A Case Study of the Zahedan University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Gharibi Maliheh , Zirak Mehdi , Momeni Mahmouei Hossein , Mehdipour Yousef
Published: October 2020

Background: The quantum theory has been developed so much so that its principles and concepts have been used as a paradigm in other disciplines, including management science, especially in the management of educational organizations. Universities need to restructure their management methods to succeed in dealing with issues and to be consistent with the higher education system in other successful countries. Objectives: The present study aimed at designing a quantum management model for organizational learning through a systematic grounded theory approach in the Zahedan University of Medical Sciences in 2019. Methods: In this qualitative study, the methods and techniques of interpretation were used to understand the phenomena from the participants’ point of view and in their particular institutional and social context. The interview was conducted with 19 people from the statistical population, including faculty members and managers of the Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, who actively participated in research and management. The data collection occurred through snowball sampling until data saturation. The information analysis process was based on three stages: open coding (creating concepts and categories), axial coding (identifying axial category, causal conditions, confounding conditions, contexts, strategies, and outcomes conditions), and selective coding (creating theory), which eventually led to the presentation of the final research model in the form of a central coding paradigm. Results: In this study, data are not expressed as numbers, but are presented as words and sentences to identify and understand people’s experiences of events in a particular context. Finally, the final model of research was presented as an axial coding paradigm resulting in six themes, of which causal conditions with six categories. Conclusions: Quantum management can be used in organizational learning at the Zahedan University of Medical Sciences and to achieve the desired goals by implementing the designed and presented model in this study.
Rescaling smart destinations: The growing importance of smart geospatial services during and after COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Radojević Bojan , Lazić Lazar , Cimbaljević Marija
Published: October 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed numerous, lasting adverse effects on the global tourism industry. At the same time, it exposed the competitive advantages that existing smart tourism infrastructure could provide for addressing urgent health issues and providing meaningful smart services. This paper initially provides examples of smart geospatial services based on COVID-19 pandemic-related data, such as algorithms for measuring social distancing through CCTV and proximity contract tracing protocols and applications. Indeed, smart destinations, as an evolutionary step of smart cities, very quickly became a practical and research framework in various other disciplines, from leisure and service-oriented to technical and geospatial domains. However, various technologies employed and interests of different stockholders create a constant need for rescaling of smart data to facilitate their usability in providing optimized smart tourism services. One of the pressing concerns is the functional alignment of geospatial data with tourism-related data. Thus, we aim to pinpoint the growing importance of smart geospatial services, by pointing to the main downturn of the current smart destination issue with geospatial data resolutions, and, by building upon the relations of the geospatial layer of data with the tourism-specific layer. To this end, we pinpoint two further research directions - reinvestigating spatial and temporal resolution as a core of data smartness and the need for contextual (tourism-oriented) scaling of smart technology. This could be of keen interest in post-pandemic tourism, where smart geospatial services will be of pressing concern, but also it still an issue to be resolved in further smart destination development.
Correlation between level of adipocytokines with body composition and heart rate recovery indices
Authors: Ristić Marko , Đelić Marina
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ primarily regulates metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids. Anorexigenic hormone leptin increases sympathetic activity and decreases insulin secretion, thereby reducing energy depots, while adiponectin elevates tissue sensitivity to insulin, which role visfatin imitates. Heart rate recovery index (DHRR), linked with insulin resistance syndrome, reflects parasympathetic function. Our goal was to analyze correlation between adipocytokines with body composition and DHRR in athletes and sedentary controls. Material and methods: Research included 19 volleyball and water polo national team members (mean age 19.26 ± 1.94 years) and 13 physically inactive male students (mean age 20.46 ± 1.13 years). Anthropometric data were measured and blood samples for hormone analysis were taken: at the beginning, the end and 30 minutes after finishing ergospirometry. Statistical evaluation was performed using: Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon's and Spearman's rank correlation test. Results: Adiponectin levels between dependent and independent variables didn't show statistical significance. Leptin level, noteworthy lower in athletes, at the beginning and the end of the test (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively), was declining in students in every before-after study aspect (p < 0.001 in each case). Visfatin was higher in sportsmen at the end of the test and 30 minutes later (p < 0.001 in both cases), but their levels decreased comparing the beginning and 30 minutes after the test (p = 0.02). Body height, VO2 max and DHRR3 were considerably higher in athletes, just as BMI, BF% and HR in the third minute of recovery were in controls (p < 0.05). Sportsmen had moderately strong negative correlation of visfatin with BF% (p = 0.002, RS = -0.674), whilst leptin showed moderately strong positive correlation with BMI and BF% (p = 0.002, RS = -0.657 and p = 0.011, RS = 0.567), respectively. Controls demonstrated strong and moderately strong positive correlation between leptin with DHRR1 (p = 0.008, RS = 0.702) and DHRR3 (p = 0.018, RS = 0.641), respectively. Conclusion: Research showed positive correlation between visfatin with BF% and leptin with BMI and BF% in athletes, considering small number of participants.
Role of electrocardiogram in diagnosis of inherited arrhythmia syndromes
Authors: Jurčević Ružica , Angelkov Lazar , Vukajlović Dejan , Ristić Velibor , Kojić Dejan , Tomović Milosav , Grbović Aleksandra , Babić Miloš , Tasić Nebojša , Bojić Milovan
Published: October 2020

The aim of this paper is to define the role of electrocardiogram (ECG) in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of inherited arrhythmias syndromes. Brugada Syndrome diagnosis is established in presence of coved type ST-segment elevation (type 1) ≥ 2mm in ≥ 1 of the right precordial leads V1 to V2. Long QT Syndrome is diagnosed when one of factors is present: QTc ≥ 480 ms, QTc ≥ 460 ms in patients with unexplained syncope, pathogenic mutation or risk score > 3. Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) Torsades de Pointes have specific presentation in ECG with characteristic illusion of the QRS complex twisting around the isoelectric baseline. The early repolarization pattern in patients resuscitated from otherwise unexplained ventricular fibrillation (VF)/polymorphic VT or in a sudden cardiac death (SCD) victims makes diagnosis of Early Repolarization Syndrome. Short QT Syndrome is diagnosed in the presence of a QTc ≤ 340 ms or QTc < 360 ms with one or more of the following factors: a pathogenic mutation, survival of a VT/VF episodes, family history of this disease and SCD in family at age ≤ 40. Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia has ECG appearance of bidirectional VT or polymorphic ventricular premature beats or VT induced by exercise or catecholamine.
Material status of families with four or more children: Doboj case study
Authors: Janković Aleksandar , Savić Dalibor , Damjenić Mirjana
Published: October 2020

The material status of families with four or more children in the municipality of Doboj is analyzed, starting from the general assumption that most of these families belong to economically and socially disadvantaged social groups. The paper aims to analyze some of the indicators of the financial status of families with four or more children, and to compare them with those related to the 'average family' in the Republic of Srpska. The analysis is based on the findings of a survey conducted in the municipality of Doboj from the end of July 2017 to the beginning of February 2018. The paper first analyzes the basic indicators of material status - income, property, consumption, and household equipment, and then the overall material status of multi-member families expressed through a composite index.
Partial discharges measurement by UHF method
Authors: Malešević Nevena , Žarković Mileta , Ilić Denis , Jovanović Đorđe
Published: October 2020

The unconventional UHF (Ultra High Frequency) method of measuring partial discharges (PD) is based on measuring electromagnetic waves (EM) in the UHF frequency band (300-3000) MHz, using appropriate antennas. This method is unconventional, but is widely accepted due to the possibility of application in plants in the online mode and quick review (screening) of the plant. Also, this method is characterized by a high degree of measurement sensitivity and relatively good resistance to interference. As the PD pulses are of very short duration, of the order of nanoseconds, they generate an electromagnetic pulse whose spectrum reaches GHz. In the conductive structures of an object, these pulses induce electromagnetic wave transients. A certain type of antenna has the ability to receive these transient waves. The paper gives an example of field and laboratory tests that show the correlation between the detection of PD using UHF devices and devices based on the principle of acoustic detection. The possibility of reliable detection of partial discharges in plants in operation has been proven.
Black hope floats: Racial emotion regulation and the uniquely motivating effects of hope on black political participation
Authors: Phoenix Davin L.
Published: October 2020

Drawing upon theories of group based emotion, group based efficacy and appraisal, I propose a model of racial emotion regulation to explain variations in how Black and White Americans respond emotionally and behaviorally to policy opportunity cues. I test the major claims of this model with data from an original experiment and national survey. Findings from the studies indicate that expressions of hope carry a strong and consistent mobilizing effect on the political participation of African Americans, while producing null effects on White participation. I discuss the implications of this model for our understanding of the potential of hope to shape appraisals and perceptions of efficacy among socially marginalized groups, opening up a distinct pathway through which they can be mobilized for political engagement.