bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Mesoscopic Features of Charge Generation in Organic Semiconductors
Authors: Savoie Brett M. , Jackson Nicholas E. , Chen Lin X. , Marks Tobin J. , Ratner Mark A.
Published: December 2014

Review: 38 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Noisy CO Oxidation on Iridium(111) Surfaces
Authors: Wehner S. , Cisternas J. , Descalzi O. , Kuppers J.
Published: December 2014

Review: 33 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Acidity Characterization of Solid Acid Catalysts by Solid‐State 31P NMR of Adsorbed Phosphorus‐Containing Probe Molecules
Authors: Zheng Anmin , Deng Feng , Liu Shang‐Bin
Published: December 2014

Review: 81 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: IUPAC‐NIST Solubility Data Series. Part 99. Solubility of Benzoic Acid and Substituted Benzoic Acids in Both Neat Organic Solvents and Organic Solvent Mixtures
Authors: Acree William E. Jr.
Published: December 2014

Review: 181 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Shape‐Controlled Metal Nanocrystals for Catalytic Applications
Authors: Ruditskiy Aleksey , Choi Sang‐Il , Peng Hsin‐Chieh , Xia Younan
Published: December 2014

Review: 55 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synergy in the Catalytic Activity of Bimetallic Nanoparticles and New Synthetic Methods for the Prepartation of Fine Chemicals
Authors: Notar Francesco Irene , Fontaine‐Vive Fabien , Antoniotti Sylvain
Published: December 2014

Review: [57 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Radical Twist to the Versatile Behavior of Iron in Selective Methane Activation
Authors: Ruitenbeek Matthijs , Weckhuysen Bert M.
Published: December 2014

Review: 8 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Strategies for Improving the Performance and Stability of Ni‐Based Catalysts for Reforming Reactions
Authors: Li Shuirong , Gong Jinlong
Published: December 2014

Review: [51 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Dihydrogen Catalysis: A Remarkable Avenue in the Reactivity of Molecular Hydrogen
Authors: Asatryan Rubik , Ruckenstein Eli
Published: December 2014

Review: 157 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Experimental and Theoretical Methods in Kinetic Studies of Heterogeneously Catalyzed Reactions
Authors: Reyniers Marie‐Francoise , Marin Guy B.
Published: December 2014

Review: 127 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Olefin Metathesis over Mo‐Exchanged Zeolites: A Computational Review
Authors: Li Xin , Guan Jing , Yang Gang
Published: December 2014

Review: 43 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure‐Property Relationships of Curved Aromatic Materials from First Principles
Authors: Zoppi Laura , Martin‐Samos Layla , Baldridge Kim K.
Published: December 2014

Review: 77 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Density Functional Tight Binding: Application to Organic and Biological Molecules
Authors: Gaus Michael , Cui Qiang , Elstner Marcus
Published: December 2014

Review: 86 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Dynamics; Molecular Beam Scattering, Infrared Chemiluminescence, and Transition State Spectroscopy
Authors: Adelman Steven A.
Published: December 2014

Review: 10 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Solid‐State NMR in Drug Discovery and Development
Authors: Vogt Frederick G.
Published: December 2014

Review: 238 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Aspect of Spectroscopy for Porphyrinic Compounds under Magnetic Fields
Authors: Mulyana Yanyan , Ishii Kazuyuki
Published: December 2014

Review: 64 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: From NMR Spectra to Structure
Authors: Facelli Julio C. , Ferraro Marta B.
Published: December 2014

Review: 190 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Tools for Studying Aqueous Enantioselective Lanthanide‐catalyzed Mukaiyama Aldol Reactions
Authors: Averill Derek J. , Allen Matthew J.
Published: December 2014

Review: 57 refs.
A Minkowski Inequality for Hypersurfaces in the Anti‐de Sitter‐Schwarzschild Manifold
Authors: Brendle Simon , Hung Pei‐Ken , Wang Mu‐Tao
Published: December 2014

We prove a sharp inequality for hypersurfaces in the n‐dimensional anti‐de Sitter‐Schwarzschild manifold for general n ≥ 3. This inequality generalizes the classical Minkowski inequality for surfaces in the three‐dimensional euclidean space and has a natural interpretation in terms of the Penrose inequality for collapsing null shells of dust. The proof relies on a new monotonicity formula for inverse mean curvature flow and uses a geometric inequality established by the first author in [3].© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gene flow and population structure of a solitary top carnivore in a human‐dominated landscape
Authors: McManus Jeannine S. , Dalton Desiré L. , Kotzé Antoinette , Smuts Bool , Dickman Amy , Marshal Jason P. , Keith Mark
Published: December 2014

While African leopard populations are considered to be continuous as demonstrated by their high genetic variation, the southernmost leopard population exists in the Eastern and Western Cape, South Africa, where anthropogenic activities may be affecting this population's structure. Little is known about the elusive, last free‐roaming top predator in the region and this study is the first to report on leopard population structuring using nuclear DNA. By analyzing 14 microsatellite markers from 40 leopard tissue samples, we aimed to understand the populations' structure, genetic distance, and gene flow (Nm). Our results, based on spatially explicit analysis with Bayesian methods, indicate that leopards in the region exist in a fragmented population structure with lower than expected genetic diversity. Three population groups were identified, between which low to moderate levels of gene flow were observed (Nm 0.5 to 3.6). One subpopulation exhibited low genetic differentiation, suggesting a continuous population structure, while the remaining two appear to be less connected, with low emigration and immigration between these populations. Therefore, genetic barriers are present between the subpopulations, and while leopards in the study region may function as a metapopulation, anthropogenic activities threaten to decrease habitat and movement further. Our results indicate that the leopard population may become isolated within a few generations and suggest that management actions should aim to increase habitat connectivity and reduce human–carnivore conflict. Understanding genetic diversity and connectivity of populations has important conservation implications that can highlight management of priority populations to reverse the effects of human‐caused extinctions.
S = 2 Spin Ladders in the Sulfide Oxide BaFe2S2O
Authors: Valldor Martin , Adler Peter , Prots Yurii , Burkhardt Ulrich , Tjeng Liu Hao
Published: December 2014

Invited for the cover of this issue is the group of Martin Valldor at MPI CPfS, Dresden, Germany. The cover image shows globular grains within the particles of BaFe2S2O and their pleochroitic behavior, as seen with polarized light. Superimposed on this background is a part of the crystal structure of the title compound.
Values and behavior: Validating the refined value theory in Russia
Authors: Schwartz Shalom H. , Butenko Tania
Published: December 2014

Researchers recently introduced a refined theory of 19 basic human values. They demonstrated its utility and discriminant validity through associations with attitudes and beliefs, but not with behaviors. We assess the discriminant and predictive validity of the theory by examining associations of each value with everyday behaviors in a Russian sample. Two hundred sixty‐six respondents reported their values and the frequency with which they performed each of the 85 everyday behaviors during the past year. We derived indexes of 19 latent value factors and of 19 latent behavior factors using confirmatory factor analysis. A confirmatory multidimensional scaling analysis arrayed the values, excepting benevolence, on the circular motivational continuum of the theory. Structural equation modeling analyses supported the discriminant and predictive validity of the theory. Of the 19 values, 18 correlated more positively with the behavior chosen a priori as likely to express it than with any other behavior, and all values correlated negatively with behaviors chosen to express motivationally opposed values. The patterns of correlation between the values and behaviors approximated the sinusoid curve implied by the motivational continuum of values in almost all cases. The study suggests that the same motivational compatibilities and conflicts that structure value relations largely organize relations among value‐expressive behaviors. The study examines moderation of value–behavior relations by gender and tests the normative pressure explanation of variation in the strength of value–behavior relations across value domains. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Competency‐based education will redefine how future degrees are attained
Authors: Neal Shelly
Published: December 2014

A new disruptive force in higher education promises to cut down the time and cost of obtaining degrees while providing employers with a skilled workforce. This new way of obtaining a college degree is beginning to replace the old credit‐hour model that equated learning to seat time.
A Design Framework for theELTeachProgram Assessments
Authors: Young John W. , Freeman Donald , Hauck Maurice C. , Gomez Pablo Garcia , Papageorgiou Spiros
Published: December 2014

ELTeachis an online professional development program consisting of two courses, English‐for‐Teaching and Professional Knowledge for English Language Teaching (ELT). Each course includes a coordinated assessment leading to a score report and certificate for individual teachers. Developed with reference to international and national teaching standards, and drawing on the resources of various national English‐language curricula and teaching materials, the program is designed to ensure that teachers have the functional classroom English language and the professional knowledge to support the implementation of the English‐language curricula they are expected to teach. In this document, we outline the design and development process followed in creating the twoELTeachassessments—the Test of English‐for‐Teaching (TEFT™) and the Test of Professional Knowledge (TPK™). The paper is organized into the following sections: (a) the purposes and intended uses for test scores/certificates, (b) the target populations, (c) the construct definitions, (d) the program frameworks and domain descriptions, (e) the test designs, (f) the scoring systems, and (g) directions for research in support of the program.
Northeast Shale Gas Replacing Other Fuel Sources, Leading to Overdependence?
Authors: Slocomb Stephen H.
Published: December 2014

Spurred on by the deregulation of the electricity markets in the late 1990s, a large number of gas turbine combined‐cycle (GTCC) plants were proposed in the Northeast. These GTCCs were primarily natural gas—fired (some with limited backup diesel fuel oil) and highly efficient plants with heat rates less than 7,000 Btu's per kilowatt‐hour. About 32 gigawatts of total capacity was built in the Northeast: 12 gigawatts in the ISO‐New England service area, 7 gigawatts in the NY‐ISO, and 13 gigawatts in PJM.
The Global Quest to Build World‐Class Universities: Toward a Social Justice Agenda
Authors: Rhoads Robert A. , Li Shuai , Ilano Lauren
Published: December 2014

This chapter provides a critical perspective on the global quest to build world‐class universities (WCUs), including global “ranking mania,” excessive emphasis on university branding, and the attending threats to the traditional public good mission of the university. Alternatively, we offer suggestions on how rankings may be used to advance a social justice vision of WCUs.
Questioning Quality Assurance
Authors: Kinser Kevin
Published: December 2014

Quality assurance is a key component of higher education systems around the world, and questions about its purpose and functions should be understood in both global and local contexts.
Cross‐Border Higher Education: Global and Local Tensions Within Competition and Economic Development
Authors: Owens Taya L. , Lane Jason E.
Published: December 2014

In this chapter, the authors explore various types of cross‐border higher education, considering equity and quality issues within these developments. With a particular focus on international branch campuses, the authors discuss the ways in which global competition for knowledge and economic development interact with tensions at the local level.
International Education Hubs: Collaboration for Competitiveness and Sustainability
Authors: Knight Jane
Published: December 2014

This chapter focuses on the development of education hubs, a recent phenomenon in international higher education. Three models of hubs are examined in relation to the forces, risks, and opportunities of globalization and how local and international collaborations are essential for both global competitiveness and sustainability.
A Critical Analysis of Global Competition in Higher Education: Synthesizing Themes
Authors: Portnoi Laura M. , Bagley Sylvia S.
Published: December 2014

In this final chapter of the volume, the editors synthesize key themes that emerge from the preceding chapters. They also highlight the contributions the authors make through emphasizing critical perspectives and the tension between global and local forces.
Effects of fibroblasts on the function of acinar cells from the same human parotid gland
Authors: Chou Ya‐Shuan , Lin Yong‐Chong , Young Tai‐Horng , Lou Pei‐Jen
Published: December 2014

Background

Artificial salivary gland replacement would be an ideal treatment for xerostomia. In vivo, salivary gland cells are surrounded by a complex stromal environment in which fibroblasts are the main cell type in proximity to the gland cells. However, very little is known about the relationship between these fibroblasts and the gland cells.

Methods

Parotid gland acinar cells (PGACs) and fibroblasts from the same human gland were cocultured. PGAC function‐related protein expression was investigated.

Results

The expression of α‐amylase in PGACs was increased in a fibroblast ratio‐dependent manner. Both fibroblast‐conditioned medium and direct coculture also significantly enhanced the PGAC expression of α‐amylase. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) seems to be a regulator of α‐amylase expression in PGACs.

Conclusion

An appropriate number of fibroblasts in contact with the PGACs is necessary to promote PGAC function. Fibroblast‐secreted bFGF may play a paracrine signaling role in the regulation of α‐amylase expression in PGACs. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Head Neck38: E279–E286, 2016
Fate of patients with nasopharyngeal cancer who developed distant metastasis as first failure after definitive radiation therapy
Authors: Chang Ji Hyun , Ahn Yong Chan , Park Hyojung , Oh Dongryul , Noh Jae Myoung , Sun Jong‐Mu , Ahn Myung‐Ju , Park Keunchil
Published: December 2014

Background

No consensus has been reached on the optimal treatment for patients with nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) who develop distant metastasis after initial radiation therapy (RT).

Methods

Two hundred eighty‐two patients with NPC received curative RT (+/‐ chemotherapy). Forty‐six patients (16.3%) who developed distant metastasis as first failure formed the study group for the current analysis.

Results

The median interval from initial RT until distant metastasis was 11.6 months. With a median follow‐up of 30 months among survivors, overall survival (OS) rates at 2 and 5 years were 53.7% and 30.5%, respectively. On multivariate analyses, 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)‐positron emission tomography (PET)/CT for initial staging, RT plus chemotherapy as initial treatment, metastatic lesion number <6, disease‐free interval >9 months, distant metastasis only to lungs, and treatment with curative intent after distant metastasis were predictive of significantly better OS.

Conclusion

Combined with FDG‐PET/CT, an aggressive treatment approach using locoregional modalities might be beneficial to patients with NPC with favorable prognostic factors, even after distant metastasis. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E293–E299, 2016
Low risk of liver decompensation among human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus–coinfected patients with mild fibrosis in the short term
Authors: Macías Juan , Mancebo María , Márquez Manuel , Merino Dolores , Téllez Francisco , Rivero Antonio , von Wichmann Miguel A. , López‐Cortés Luis F. , Merchante Nicolás , Santos Jesús , Raffo Miguel , Pérez‐Pérez Montserrat , Camacho Ángela , Iribarren Jose A. , Pineda Juan A.
Published: December 2014

Liver fibrosis is used to make decisions about the timing of therapy against hepatitis C virus (HCV) in routine clinical practice, which should be based on the short‐term likelihood of liver decompensations. Thus, we aimed at evaluating the risk of decompensations and death among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/HCV–coinfected individuals according to their baseline fibrosis classified by either liver biopsy or liver stiffness measurement (LSM). Patients coinfected with HIV/HCV, naive or without sustained virological response to HCV therapy, were included in this cohort. Fibrosis was classified by biopsy in 683 patients and by LSM in 1046 individuals. Reference categories were fibrosis stage 0 and LSM <6 kPa. For patients with biopsy, the adjusted subhazard ratio for decompensations and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) by fibrosis stage were as follows: stage 1, 2.3 (0.27‐20.3), P = 0.443; stage 2, 2.8 (0.33‐24), P = 0.345; stage 3, 4.91 (0.60‐41), P = 0.137; stage 4, 9.89 (1.25‐79.5), P = 0.030. For patients with LSM, the adjusted subhazard ratio and 95% CI by LSM category were as follows: 6‐9.4 kPa, 1.89 (0.18‐20.3), P = 0.599; 9.5‐14.5 kPa, 6.59 (0.73‐59.2), P = 0.092; ≥14.6 kPa, 59.5 (8.3‐427), P < 0.0001. Regarding the risk of death, the adjusted hazard ratio and 95% CI for death by fibrosis stage were as follows: stage 1, 1.3 (0.4‐4.11), P = 0.677; stage 2, 2.68 (0.86‐8.36), P = 0.090; stage 3, 2.58 (0.82‐8.15), P = 0.106; stage 4, 4.35 (1.43‐13.3), P = 0.010. For patients with LSM, the adjusted hazard ratio and 95% CI for death by LSM were as follows: 6‐9.4 kPa, 1.7 (0.63‐4.79), P = 0.288; 9.5‐14.5 kPa, 3.38 (1.2‐9.5), P = 0.021; ≥14.6 kPa, 12.7 (4.9‐33.6), P < 0.0001. Conclusion: Patients coinfected with HIV/HCV without advanced fibrosis are at very low risk of decompensations in the short term; deferral of HCV therapy for a few years and monitoring fibrosis progression is a safe option until cheaper, more effective, and more convenient HCV treatment becomes widely available. (Hepatology 2015;61:1503–1511)
Convective Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop over Elliptical and Flattened Tube
Authors: Swain Abhilas , Das Mihir Kumar
Published: December 2014

A numerical study on the effect of the effect of elliptical and flattened tube bundle geometry on the convective heat transfer and pressure drop is presented in this article. The analysis has been carried out to evaluate the performance of these bundle geometries in the design of a compact and effective single phase shell and tube heat exchanger. The temperature, velocity, and pressure drop profiles are obtained from solving the mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations. The comparison is made for inline and staggered bundle with different pitch to diameter ratio and inlet velocity for elliptical and flattened tubes. The pitch to diameter ratio is varied from 1.25 to 2.5 for Reynolds number ranging from 200 to 2000 which is in the laminar flow region. The heat transfer coefficient over the staggered and inline tube bundle decrease with an increase in pitch. The same kind of variation is also observed for the pressure drop in the case of both elliptical and flattened tube bundle. The study shows that the transverse pitch with respect to cross flow affects more than the longitudinal pitch.
Electrodeposited silk coatings for bone implants
Authors: Elia Roberto , Michelson Courtney D. , Perera Austin L. , Brunner Teresa F. , Harsono Masly , Leisk Gray G. , Kugel Gerard , Kaplan David L.
Published: December 2014

The aim of this study was to characterize the mechanical properties and drug elution features of silk protein‐based electrodeposited dental implant coatings. Silk processing conditions were modified to obtain coatings with a range of mechanical properties on titanium studs. These coatings were assessed for adhesive strength and dissolution, with properties tuned using water vapor annealing or glycerol incorporation to modulate crystalline content. Coating reproducibility was demonstrated over a range of silk concentrations from 1% to 10%. Surface roughness of titanium substrates was altered using industry relevant acid etching and grit blasting, and the effect of surface topography on silk coating adhesion was assessed. Florescent compounds were incorporated into the silk coatings, which were modulated for crystalline content, to achieve four days of sustained release of the compounds. This silk electrogelation technique offers a safe and relatively simple approach to generate mechanically robust, biocompatible, and degradable implant coatings that can also be functionalized with bioactive compounds to modulate the local regenerative tissue environment. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 1602–1609, 2015.
The power of disruptive technological innovation: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Berlin David B. , Davidson Michael J. , Schoen Frederick J.
Published: December 2014

We sought to evaluate the principles of disruptive innovation, defined as technology innovation that fundamentally shifts performance and utility metrics, as applied to transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). In particular, we considered implantation procedure, device design, cost, and patient population. Generally cheaper and lower performing, classical disruptive innovations are first commercialized in insignificant markets, promise lower margins, and often parasitize existing usage, representing unattractive investments for established market participants. However, despite presently high unit cost, TAVI is less invasive, treats a “new,” generally high risk, patient population, and is generally done by a multidisciplinary integrated heart team. Moreover, at least in the short‐term TAVI has not been lower‐performing than open surgical aortic valve replacement in high‐risk patients. We conclude that TAVI extends the paradigm of disruptive innovation and represents an attractive commercial opportunity space. Moreover, should the long‐term performance and durability of TAVI approach that of conventional prostheses, TAVI will be an increasingly attractive commercial opportunity. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 1709–1715, 2015.
A Systematic Review of Mindfulness and Acceptance‐Based Treatments for Social Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Norton Alice R. , Abbott Maree J. , Norberg Melissa M. , Hunt Caroline
Published: December 2014

Context

The cultivation of mindfulness and acceptance has been theoretically and empirically associated with psychological ancillary well‐being and has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of various disorders. Hence, mindfulness and acceptance‐based treatments (MABTs) have recently been explored for the treatment of social anxiety disorder (SAD). This review aims to evaluate the benefits of MABTs for SAD.

Methods

Systematic review of studies investigating an MABT for individuals with SAD, using PsycInfo, Medline, PubMed, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials.

Results

Nine studies were identified. Significant improvements in symptomatology were demonstrated following the MABT, but benefits were equivalent or less than yielded by cognitive‐behavioral therapy (CBT).

Limitations

The few treatment studies available were compromised by significant methodological weaknesses and high risk of bias across domains. Studies were largely uncontrolled with small sample sizes. The hybrid nature of these interventions creates ambiguity regarding the specific utility of treatment components or combinations.

Conclusions

MABTs demonstrate significant benefits for reducing SAD symptomatology; however, outcomes should be interpreted with caution until appropriate further research is conducted. Furthermore, the benefit of MABTs above and beyond CBT must be considered tentative at best; thus, CBT remains best practice for first‐line treatment of SAD.
Mapping HA‐tagged protein at the surface of living cells by atomic force microscopy
Authors: Formosa C. , Lachaize V. , Galés C. , Rols M. P. , Martin‐Yken H. , François J. M. , Duval R. E. , Dague E.
Published: December 2014

Single‐molecule force spectroscopy using atomic force microscopy (AFM) is more and more used to detect and map receptors, enzymes, adhesins, or any other molecules at the surface of living cells. To be specific, this technique requires antibodies or ligands covalently attached to the AFM tip that can specifically interact with the protein of interest. Unfortunately, specific antibodies are usually lacking (low affinity and specificity) or are expensive to produce (monoclonal antibodies). An alternative strategy is to tag the protein of interest with a peptide that can be recognized with high specificity and affinity with commercially available antibodies. In this context, we chose to work with the human influenza hemagglutinin (HA) tag (YPYDVPDYA) and labeled two proteins: covalently linked cell wall protein 12 (Ccw12) involved in cell wall remodeling in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the β2‐adrenergic receptor (β2‐AR), a G protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR) in higher eukaryotes. We first described the interaction between HA antibodies, immobilized on AFM tips, and HA epitopes, immobilized on epoxy glass slides. Using our system, we then investigated the distribution of Ccw12 proteins over the cell surface of the yeast S. cerevisiae. We were able to find the tagged protein on the surface of mating yeasts, at the tip of the mating projections. Finally, we could unfold multimers of β2‐AR from the membrane of living transfected chinese hamster ovary cells. This result is in agreement with GPCR oligomerization in living cell membranes and opens the door to the study of the influence of GPCR ligands on the oligomerization process. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Symptom Variation on the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children: A Within‐Scale Meta‐Analytic Review
Authors: Martinez William , Polo Antonio J. , Zelic Kate J.
Published: December 2014

Trauma exposure in youth is widespread, yet symptom expression varies. The present study employs a within‐scale meta‐analytic framework to explore determinants of differential responses to trauma exposure. The meta‐analysis included 74 studies employing samples of youth exposed to traumatic events and who completed the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children (TSCC). Mean weighted T scores across all TSCC subscales for U.S. samples ranged between 49 and 52. Youth outside the U.S. reported higher posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms, whereas those exposed to sexual abuse reported the highest posttraumatic stress, anxiety, depressive, and dissociative symptoms. Higher female representation in samples was associated with higher symptoms on all TSCC subscales except anger. In contrast, ethnic minority representation was associated with lower depressive symptoms. Moderator analyses revealed that sexual abuse, increased percentage of females, and older age were all associated with higher posttraumatic symptoms. The present meta‐analytic results help elucidate some of the divergent findings on symptom expression in youth exposed to traumatic events.
Comparison of treatment outcomes of transnasal vocal fold polypectomy versus microlaryngoscopic surgery
Authors: Wang Chi‐Te , Liao Li‐Jen , Huang Tsung‐Wei , Lo Wu‐Chia , Cheng Po‐Wen
Published: December 2014

Objectives/Hypothesis

Office‐based procedures have been proposed for the treatment of vocal polyps, including indirect laryngoscopic surgery and angiolytic laser photocoagulation. Our previous report documented good treatment outcomes by combining the two aforementioned procedures. This study was intended to further compare the treatment outcomes of office transnasal vocal fold polypectomy (VFP) with those of microlaryngoscopic surgery (MLS).

Study Design

A matched cohort study.

Methods

This study retrospectively enrolled 50 age‐, gender‐, and size‐matched patients with vocal polyps treated by VFP or MLS at a tertiary teaching hospital from January 2012 to October 2013. Treatment outcomes were evaluated before, 2 weeks, and 6 weeks after the procedures via perceptual rating of voice quality, acoustic measurement of the speech signal, 10‐item voice‐handicap index, maximal phonation time, subjective rating of voice quality, and videolaryngostroboscopic evaluation.

Results

Both VFP and MLS resulted in significant clinical improvements 2 and 6 weeks postoperatively. Study results exhibited similar objective outcomes between VFP and MLS, whereas patients who received VFP reported higher subjective voice quality than those receiving MLS 2 weeks postoperatively. Six weeks after the procedures, the objective and subjective treatment outcomes were not significantly different between the two treatment groups.

Conclusion

This study shows that transnasal VFP may be used as an effective alternative treatment for small vocal polyps. Patients who received office VFP experienced rapid symptomatic relief with a higher degree of subjective effectiveness than MLS 2 weeks postoperatively, whereas the overall treatment outcomes showed a comparable level of effectiveness for both modalities.

Level of Evidence

3B. Laryngoscope, 125:1155–1160, 2015
Corrosion morphology of aluminium sacrificial anodes
Authors: Pourgharibshahi M. , Meratian M.
Published: December 2014

Corrosion morphology and electrochemical performance of five different cast Al alloys were investigated. A short‐term electrochemical test according to the DNV‐RP‐B401 standard was used to investigate electrochemical performance of these alloys. Scanning electron microscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were employed to gain knowledge of the morphology and corrosion process of the Al alloys. Producing high performance aluminium anodes by metal mould casting technique needs several alloying elements (like silicon, magnesium and calcium) other than just zinc and indium. A cast aluminium sacrificial anode with appropriate electrochemical properties and composition of Al–5.5%Zn–0.35%Si–0.1%Mg–0.1%Ca–0.02%In was introduced.
Employer's Requirement to Post a Social Media Disclaimer Passes NLRB Muster
Authors: DeMaria Alfred T.
Published: December 2014

According to a recently released Advice Memorandum from the National Labor Relations Board's Office of the General Counsel, employers may require their employees to post disclaimers on social media to state that their views are their own and not those of their employer. The issue arose in a case involving a challenge to several provisions of an employer's social media policy. One of the challenged rules required an employee to post the following when making any reference to the employer: “The views expressed on this website/blog are mine alone and do not necessarily reflect the views of my employer.”
Theoretical Description of an Anomalous Elongation During Two‐Way Shape‐Memory Effect in Crosslinked Semicrystalline Polymers
Authors: Dolynchuk Oleksandr , Kolesov Igor , Radusch Hans‐Joachim
Published: December 2014

The present study is focused on theoretical explanation of an anomalous elongation arising during non‐isothermal crystallization of crosslinked semicrystalline polymers under constant load that represents the first stage of two‐way shape‐memory effect (SME) in these materials. The proposed theoretical approach allows calculating the free energy change of a specimen deformed under constant load and cooled down below crystallization temperature at constant cooling rate, i.e. in non‐isometric and non‐isothermal conditions, respectively. The theory was confirmed for a crosslinked high‐density polyethylene chosen as a model object. It was shown that aforementioned anomalous elongation may be observed when the orientation of chain folds in crystals generating at cooling under load is parallel to or makes a sharp angle with the stretch direction. The stress‐strain‐temperature relationship derived from the free energy change was used to fit the experimental findings of the two‐way SME in crosslinked high‐density polyethylene. The fitting curves have shown well agreement with the experimental values.
Heterogeneous Cross‐Linking and Sulphation of Chitosan
Authors: Höhne Susanne , Breier Annette , Jäger Maria , Hanke Thomas , Worch Hartmut , Simon Frank
Published: December 2014

Chitosan textile scaffolds are novel promising biomaterials for application in tissue engineering. The intro­duction of sulphate groups in the chitosan molecule leads to a biomaterial that combines two important features. At first it's an excellent material in order to build scaffolds for tissue engineering, and at second it is able to mimic the beneficial interaction of natural occurring sulphated polysaccharides with growth factors. Known sul­phating methods, developed for the sulphation of chitosan in solutions (homogeneous phase reactions), were adapted to apply them on solid chitosan surfaces (heterogeneous phase reactions). Surface reactions preventing the chitosan's dissolution were funda­mentally necessary to keep the predetermined geometric structure of the scaffolds during derivatization reactions. Model studies were carried out on chitosan particles as well as chitosan textiles. Points of interests were the control of the regio­selectivity of the sulphation reactions and the adjustment of the degree of sulphation. It was shown that a partial cross‐linking of chitosan is a key tool to keep the geometric structure of the chitosan particles and fibres during the subsequent sulphation reaction. The modified samples were comprehen­sively characterized by means of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and elemental analysis.
Combining cell transplants or gene therapy with deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease
Authors: Rowland Nathan C. , Starr Philip A. , Larson Paul S. , Ostrem Jill L. , Marks William J. , Lim Daniel A.
Published: December 2014

Cell transplantation and gene therapy each show promise to enhance the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, because cell transplantation and gene therapy generally require direct delivery to the central nervous system, clinical trial design involves unique scientific, ethical, and financial concerns related to the invasive nature of the procedure. Typically, such biologics have been tested in PD patients who have not received any neurosurgical intervention. Here, we suggest that PD patients undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS) device implantation are an ideal patient population for the clinical evaluation of cell transplantation and gene therapy. Randomizing subjects to an experimental group that receives the biologic concurrently with the DBS implantation—or to a control group that receives the DBS treatment alone—has several compelling advantages. First, this study design enables the participation of patients likely to benefit from DBS, many of whom simultaneously meet the inclusion criteria of biologic studies. Second, the need for a sham neurosurgical procedure is eliminated, which may reduce ethical concerns, promote patient recruitment, and enhance the blinding of surgical trials. Third, testing the biologic by “piggybacking” onto an established, reimbursable procedure should reduce the cost of clinical trials, which may allow a greater number of biologics to reach this critical stage of research translation. Finally, this clinical trial design may lead to combinatorial treatment strategies that provide PD patients with more durable control over disabling motor symptoms. By combining neuromodulation with biologics, we may also reveal important treatment paradigms relevant to other diseases of the brain. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Switchable dual‐wavelength single‐longitudinal‐mode erbium‐doped fiber laser based on a thin‐core fiber comb filter and saturable absorber
Authors: He Wei , Zhu Lianqing
Published: December 2014

A tunable dual‐wavelength single‐longitudinal‐mode erbium‐doped fiber laser using thin‐core fiber comb filter (TCFCF) and a saturable absorber is proposed. TCFCF is achieved by splicing a thin‐core fiber between two single‐mode fibers. Two lasers incurred shifts of 1 and <3 pm, and corresponding 3‐dB linewidths are 3.4 and 3.0 kHz, respectively. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:287–292, 2015
Realizing frequency division multiple access with passive wireless intermodulation communication sensors
Authors: Song Jinsong , Pesonen Nadine , Viikari Ville , Seppä Heikki
Published: December 2014

In this letter, we introduce a frequency division concept for passive wireless sensors utilizing the intermodulation communication principle. This concept enables multiple identifications (IDs) and multiple access protocol when several sensors are within the reading range of the corresponding reader. The ID and multiple access scheme based on frequency division is experimentally demonstrated with 10 binary passive wireless sensors operating simultaneously in the 866 MHz UHF band. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:274–277, 2015
Design of a location‐tracking antenna for transport containers
Authors: Kang Sang‐Won , Lee Eun‐Kyu , Chang Tae‐Soon
Published: December 2014

This article presents the design of a GPS/GLONASS bandwidth antenna used to track location information of containers and a GSM/WCDMA antenna to transmit information over mobile networks. Both antennas are placed within a single board. A microstrip patch antenna capable of supporting both GPS and GLONASS was optimized and sized at 25 × 25 × 5 mm3. A chip monopole antenna capable of supporting both GSM and WCDMA bandwidths was optimized and sized at 27 × 8 × 3.2 mm3. To amplify the reception level from satellites, a two‐stage low noise amplifier was designed. The gain was 27 dB. The jig used to measure the antenna size is 100 × 30 × 1 mm3. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:310–314, 2015
Microstrip antenna with complementary split ring resonator loaded ground plane for gain enhancement
Authors: Pandeeswari R. , Raghavan S.
Published: December 2014

In this article, microstrip patch antenna with complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) loaded ground plane is proposed for gain improvement. Gain was improved by introducing CSRR slots on the ground plane. The proposed antenna is designed, fabricated, and tested. Measured results are in good agreement with simulation results. The proposed antenna has a size of 40 × 46 × 1.6 mm3. The measured impedance bandwidth is 100 MHz (return loss <−10 dB) from 2.4 to 2.5 GHz, which covers instruments, scientific and measurement (ISM) band applications. Omnidirectional radiation pattern obtained in H‐plane and bidirectional radiation pattern obtained in E‐plane. Parametric study of CSRR was done to obtain best results. The proposed antenna is simple, has good radiation pattern, and very good gain of 5.93 dBi at resonant frequency. Size reduction of 10% was also achieved and bandwidth is slightly greater than unloaded antenna. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:292–296, 2015
Planar circular patch with elliptical slot antenna for ultrawideband communication applications
Authors: Zhong Yong‐Wei , Yang Guo‐Min , Zheng Li‐Rong
Published: December 2014

A novel microstrip slot antenna for ultrawideband (UWB) applications is presented. A circular patch with a tapered microstrip line above an elliptical slot ground plane is adopted for achieving a wide frequency bandwidth (BW). Two circular slots on the ground plane combined with two semicircular slots and four quasi‐triangular slots on the circular patch are designed for BW enhancement and decreasing the lower cut‐off frequency fL. An UWB antenna with a compact size of 300 × 300 mm2 is obtained with relative BW of 187%, which covers 0.34–10.28 GHz. The simulation and experimental results are presented, demonstrating the UWB characteristics of the proposed antenna for wireless communication applications. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:325–328, 2015
A dual‐frequency quasi‐pifa rectenna with a robust voltage doubler for 2.45‐ and 5.8‐GHz wireless power transmission
Authors: Lu Ping , Yang Xue‐Song , Li Jia‐Lin , Wang Bing‐Zhong
Published: December 2014

A compact dual‐frequency rectenna has been developed. The receiving antenna is based on a planar inverted F antenna for dual frequency operation. A voltage doubler is proposed to improve the output voltage and the robustness of the rectenna. The simulation and measurement results validate the performance of the rectenna. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:319–322, 2015
Wideband substrate integrated waveguide cavity‐backed spiral‐shaped patch antenna
Authors: Liu Longsheng , Wang Han , Zhang Zhijun , Li Yue , Feng Zhenghe
Published: December 2014

A new technique for designing wideband substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity‐backed antenna is presented in this article. The antenna element is composed of a spiral‐shaped patch and an SIW cavity fed by a coaxial probe. It takes advantage of a dual‐resonance observed in the proposed spiral‐shaped patch structure to enhance its bandwidth. A 2 × 1 array is designed to increase the antenna gain. To demonstrate the validity of the bandwidth enhancement technique, prototypes of the proposed antenna element and array for X‐band applications are fabricated and measured. The measure 10‐dB return loss bandwidth of the antenna element is 11.2% (10.306–11.531 GHz) while that of the array is 12.5% (10.292–11.66 GHz). © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:332–337, 2015
Microwave mixer using microstrip rectangular patch resonator
Authors: Kumar Arun , and Sudhabindu , Ray
Published: December 2014

In this article, design of a diode‐based mixer using microstrip rectangular resonator patch is described. A mixer working in down‐conversion mode having minimum conversion loss of 8.6 dB with +10 dBm local oscillator (LO) power and 3 dB radio frequency bandwidth of 180 MHz has been achieved at S‐band. The novelty of the mixer is that it has inherent LO to intermediate frequency (IF) isolation greater than 18 dB without using an IF low pass filter. A systematic design of the mixer is presented with its simulated and experimental results. The mixer design concept presented here can be applied to design mixers at other frequencies. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:381–384, 2015
USE of COC substrates for millimeter‐wave devices
Authors: Maestrojuan Itziar , Palacios Ines , Ederra Iñigo , Gonzalo Ramon
Published: December 2014

This article discusses the use of cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) substrates for development of millimeter wave devices. The improvement of performance thanks to the low losses of these substrates is demonstrated using a millimeter‐wave subharmonic mixer working at 220 GHz as test bench. Furthermore, it is the first time this substrate material is used for designing millimeter‐wave components. Some of its main advantages versus conventional substrates are the low losses at high frequencies, the direct gold sputtering, and the robustness. The measured results show 300 K noise temperature and 0.5 dB conversion loss reduction with respect to those obtained by a similar subharmonic mixer developed on a Rogers substrate. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:371–377, 2015
A dual‐band microstrip annular slot‐based mimo antenna system
Authors: Khan Muhammad Umar , Sharawi Mohammad S.
Published: December 2014

A dual‐band multiple‐input‐multiple‐output antenna system covering the 2.45/5.2 GHz WLAN band is presented. The antenna has four elements made up of microstrip annular slots. Two elements cover the lower band while the other two cover the higher band. The presented antenna is compact and occupies a volume of 60 × 60 × 1.5 mm3. The antenna operates with 150 MHz bandwidth in the lower band and 200 MHz bandwidth in the higher band. The minimum measured isolation between the antenna elements is 18 dB in both of its operating bands. The antenna shows good radiation characteristics with a peak operating gain of 3.46 dBi in the lower band and 3.82 dBi in the higher band. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:360–364, 2015
Omnidirectional microstrip monopole antenna design for use in microwave imaging systems
Authors: Ojaroudi N. , Ghadimi N.
Published: December 2014

In this article, a new design of multiresonance monopole antenna for use in microwave imaging systems is presented. The antenna configuration consists of an ordinary square radiating patch, a feed‐line, and a modified ground plane with rotated E‐shaped slot and conductor‐backed plane structures which provides a wide usable fractional bandwidth of more than 135% (2.9–15 GHz). In the presented design, by cutting a rotated E‐shaped slot and also by embedding an E‐shaped parasitic structure in the ground plane, additional resonances at 10.6 and 14.2 GHz can be achieved. Using these structures, the usable upper frequency of the antenna is extended from 10.3 to 15 GHz. The proposed antenna has a symmetrical structure with ordinary square radiating patch, therefore, displays good omnidirectional radiation patterns even at higher frequencies. The antenna has sufficient and acceptable gain level and also its radiation efficiency is greater than 86% across the entire radiating band. The designed antenna has a small dimension. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:395–401, 2015
A high‐denseWDMlight source based on mixing‐modulatedFabry–Perot laser diodes
Authors: Wu Hao , Zhu Ninghua , Liu Jianguo
Published: December 2014

A scheme of high‐dense wavelength‐division‐multiplexing light source based on external mixing‐modulated Fabry–Perot laser diode (FP‐LD) is investigated in this article. A 10‐GHz spaced 22‐channel optical carrier supply module is achieved by cascading a multiple‐longitudinal mode FP‐LD with two types of external modulators. Then a 110‐channel extendable light source scheme is proposed. This scheme has potential application prospect in future optical access network. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:403–406, 2015
A novel architecture of satellite‐ground communication system at W‐band based on RF transparent demodulation technique
Authors: Zhang Ziran , Yu Jianjun , Chi Nan , Xiao Jiangnan , Xu Yumin , Fang Yuan
Published: December 2014

We proposed and experimentally demonstrated a novel architecture for the downlink of satellite‐ground communication system at W‐band (75–110 GHz). Radio‐frequency transparent demodulation technique and polarization multiplexing technique are used to reduce the ground system complexity. Quadrature phase shift keying signals (30 Gbaud/s) are transmitted over 15 m wireless link and 50 km fiber. The net bit rate of the whole system is 100 Gb/s while 20% overhead forward error correction (FEC) code is used. Bit‐rate‐error under FEC limit of 2 × 10−2 is achieved at the optical signal noise ratio of 21 dB. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:409–414, 2015
High linearity 3.0–5.0 GHz ultrawideband CMOS up‐conversion mixer with parallel capacitor
Authors: Murad S. A. Z. , Shahimin Mukhzeer Mohamad , Md Isa Mohd Nazrin , Ismail Rizalafande Che , Ahmad Norhawati , Yasin Mohd Najib Mohd
Published: December 2014

A high linearity CMOS up‐conversion mixer at 3.0–5.0 GHz for ultrawideband applications is presented. The proposed design is implemented in TSMC 0.18‐μm CMOS technology. A Gilbert‐cell active double‐balanced mixer using a capacitor placed in parallel with the intrinsic gate‐source capacitor of a core mixer to improve linearity is used. To further improve the linearity and input matching, source degeneration inductors is used. In addition, a current injection is designed to increase gain and obtain low power. A 100 MHz intermediate frequency input signal is converted to a 3.0–5.0 GHz radio frequency input signal. The measured input third‐order intercept point (IIP3) is 13.5 dBm with a convention gain of 2.3 dB. Moreover, a low power of 7.1‐mWwith a 1.2‐V power supply is obtained. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:427–429, 2015