bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La fabrique d’une élite municipale
Authors: Mischi Julian
Published: April 2024

Cet article analyse les logiques de recrutement des élus locaux depuis 1945 dans une petite ville, un bourg rural associant prépondérance des classes populaires et hégémonie politique des forces de droite. L’approche statistique et diachronique, combinée avec des études de cas biographiques, permet de saisir le rôle pivot des fractions sociales intermédiaires, des artisans et commerçants en particulier, dans la constitution d’une élite municipale dominée par la bourgeoisie locale. La sélection des élus, loin de n’être que la translation mécanique d’une hiérarchie sociale communale dans l’arène municipale, résulte d’une stratégie d’entretien et de transmission d’un capital politique collectif.
Plotin et l’ismaélisme
Authors: De Smet Daniel
Published: April 2024

De tous les courants shi’ites, l’ismaélisme fut sans doute le premier à introduire, dès le iv e / x e siècle, des concepts de philosophie néoplatonicienne dans son interprétation spécifique de l’islam et du Coran. Les paraphrases arabes de textes néoplatoniciens, élaborées au siècle précédent à Bagdad dans l’entourage du philosophe al-Kindī (en premier lieu la célèbre Théologie d’Aristote , dans ses deux versions brève et longue) sont les sources principales de ce qu’il est convenu d’appeler le « néoplatonisme ismaélien ». Depuis que Paul Walker a lancé ce terme dans un livre paru en 1993, la recherche a considérablement évolué en ce domaine. On présente ici un état de la question, tout en ouvrant quelques nouvelles pistes de réflexion, montrant en quel sens le néoplatonisme antique, revisité par ses adaptateurs musulmans, a profondément marqué l’islam shi’ite.
L’accueil de l’absolu avant Levinas, Averroès ?
Authors: Brenet Jean-Baptiste
Published: April 2024

Dans son Grand Commentaire du traité De l’âme d’Aristote, Averroès récuse la position d’Alexandre d’Aphrodise sur la pensée de l’Absolu. Il lui reproche de soutenir que l’âme humaine, en dépit de sa finitude, puisse penser les réalités séparées, incorruptibles par essence. L’intellect se conformant à l’intelligible dans l’acte d’intellection, cela demanderait en effet de concevoir une absurde transmutation du fini en infini. À ses yeux, par conséquent, le système d’Alexandre s’effondre ; à moins de postuler, dit le Commentateur, une sorte d’accueil de l’Absolu qui ne soit pas une réception et déroge ainsi au processus de l’assimilation formelle. Cette perspective révolutionnaire viendrait rompre le cadre de la psychologie aristotélicienne. Averroès n’en veut pas, mais, au détour de sa critique, il ouvre une possibilité conceptuelle qui sera celle, en partie, de la pensée contemporaine. On le suggère avec l’exemple d’Emmanuel Levinas.
Les athlètes kényan·e·s sur le marché des courses sur route françaises : des perspectives d’émancipation au poids des discriminations
Authors: Thomas Cyril
Published: April 2024

Au-delà de ses vertus émancipatrices, conduisant à la domination des athlètes kényan·e·s au niveau sportif, y compris pour des athlètes de second rang, le marché des courses sur route françaises s’est construit comme un espace sportif alimentant les formes de discrimination se fondant sur une logique nationale, voire racialiste, mais aussi sexuée, plaçant les athlètes kényans et plus encore kényanes en situation défavorable. Cette étude socio-historique s’appuie sur l’analyse d’archives ainsi que sur 15 entretiens semi-directifs menés auprès d’organisateurs de courses, d’agents sportifs, de responsables de la Fédération Française d’Athlétisme (FFA) et d’athlètes kényan·e·s. Les archives consultées regroupent les revues spécialisées L’Athlétisme , organe de presse de la FFA et VO2 Magazine , revue spécialisée dans la course à pied, ainsi que des archives institutionnelles à travers les comptes rendus des congrès de la Fédération internationale d’athlétisme (IAAF) et des instances dirigeantes de la FFA depuis 1960. Ces différentes sources mettent en avant trois périodes allant du développement des courses sur route françaises dans les années 1970 comme espace d’émancipation pour de nombreux·ses athlètes kényan·e·s aux formes de discrimination qu’ils subissent dès lors que leur domination sportive entrave le rayonnement de la course de fond française dès les années 1990, avant que les organisateurs cherchent à limiter leur participation à compter du milieu des années 2000.
La synodalité, un acte de réception conciliaire de la coresponsabilité missionnaire des baptisés et des Églises locales
Authors: Waymel Dominique
Published: April 2024

Le pape François en présentant le chemin de la synodalité comme le chemin de l’Église, tente de faire franchir à celle-ci une nouvelle étape dans le processus de réception du concile Vatican II. De même que ce dernier s’était attaché à réfléchir à la mission de l’Église au cœur de l’histoire des hommes et des cultures, le chemin synodal est centré sur la mission de l’Église dans un monde traversé par de nouveaux défis. Pour ce faire, émerge une nouvelle prise de conscience de la nécessité de prendre l’Église locale comme point de référence pour opérer des discernements en vue de la mission. Il convient alors d’interroger la manière de mobiliser les baptisés porteurs d’une variété de dons, de charismes, et engagés de diverses manières dans l’Église et la société mais aussi les structures institutionnelles qui pourraient être mises en place, afin que chacun contribue à sa manière à cette œuvre commune.
Regard orthodoxe sur la synodalité : un apprentissage mutuel des différentes confessions
Authors: El Hage Georges
Published: April 2024

Le synode sur la synodalité invite à mieux cerner la pratique du consensus ecclésial dans les diverses communautés chrétiennes. Certains documents laissent entendre que la vision orthodoxe de la synodalité concerne exclusivement l’exercice de l’autorité épiscopale. Or, il y a presque autant de pratiques synodales que d’Églises locales. L’article se propose de revisiter l’évolution de ces pratiques dans la sphère orthodoxe à partir de trois moments historiques. L’encyclique des patriarches d’Orient rédigée en 1848, le concile de Moscou convoqué en 1917 et le Grand Concile panorthodoxe réuni en 2016 sont autant d’exemples de la résonnance de la notion de conciliarité – fondée sur le sacerdoce royal de tout baptisé – avec les transformations culturelles et politiques de l’époque. Observer les signes des temps servirait à orienter une synodalité en recherche pour l’ensemble des chrétiens.
Le sceau de l’Agneau
Authors: Lemaire Jean-Pierre
Published: April 2024

La question « Êtes-vous un poète chrétien ? » est une question embarrassante aujourd’hui, où nous sommes guettés par la tentation du repli identitaire. La quête poétique est fondamentalement commune aux poètes croyants et à ceux qui ne le sont pas : elle est la poursuite de ce qui répondrait pleinement au désir de l’homme, poursuite où le poète est partagé entre l’amour de ce monde et son refus, au nom d’un idéal qu’il estime trahi (Baudelaire). Le poète chrétien, qui fait aussi l’expérience de ces contradictions, accueille en même temps l’avertissement silencieux de la Sagesse qui lui rappelle que le Verbe précède sa parole et porte les êtres avant qu’ils n’entrent dans son poème : l’Amour créateur soutient de la sorte sa fidélité à la terre. Il lui fait signe dans les êtres, sans les surplomber, et jalonne parfois son histoire de réminiscences bibliques (Jean Grosjean). Quand la rencontre avec telle ou telle personne a été manquée dans la vie, le poème peut constituer une seconde chance en doublant l’évocation de cette rencontre d’une profondeur de mémoire, d’une intelligence éclairée par la Parole qui avaient fait défaut la première fois. Ainsi les profils perdus apparaissent-ils à la faveur du poème comme les esquisses de la Sainte Face.
Solving hybrid functional-fractional equations originating in biological population dynamics with an effect on infectious diseases
Authors: Hammad Hasanen A. , Aydi Hassen , Alshehri Maryam G.
Published: April 2024

This paper study was designed to establish solutions for mixed functional fractional integral equations that involve the Riemann-Liouville fractional operator and the Erdélyi-Kober fractional operator to describe biological population dynamics in Banach space. The results rely on the measure of non-compactness and theoretical concepts from fractional calculus. Darbo's fixed-point theorem for Banach spaces has been utilized. Moreover, the solvability of a specific non-linear integral equation that models the spread of infectious diseases with a seasonally varying periodic contraction rate has been explored by using the Banach contraction principle. Finally, two numerical examples demonstrate the practical application of these findings in the realm of fractional integral equation theory.
Analyzing the normalized Laplacian spectrum and spanning tree of the cross of the derivative of linear networks
Authors: Dai Ze-Miao , Liu Jia-Bao , Wang Kang
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we focus on the strong product of the pentagonal networks. Let $ R_{n} $ be a hexagonal network composed of $ 2n $ pentagons and $ n $ quadrilaterals. Let $ P_{n}^{2} $ denote the graph formed by the strong product of $ R_{n} $ and its copy $ R_{n}^{\prime} $. By utilizing the decomposition theorem of the normalized Laplacian characteristics polynomial, we characterize the explicit formula of the multiplicative degree-Kirchhoff index completely. Moreover, the complexity of $ P_{n}^{2} $ is determined.
The ADMM algorithm for audio signal recovery and performance modification with the dual Douglas-Rachford dynamical system
Authors: Calcan Andrew , Lindstrom Scott B.
Published: April 2024

Practitioners employ operator splitting methods—such as alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) and its "dual" Douglas-Rachford method (DR)—to solve many kinds of optimization problems. We provide a gentle introduction to these algorithms, and illustrations of their duality-like relationship in the context of solving basis pursuit problems for audio signal recovery. Recently, researchers have used the dynamical systems associated with the iterates of splitting methods to motivate the development of schemes to improve performance. These developments include a class of methods that act by iteratively minimizing surrogates for a Lyapunov function for the dynamical system. An exemplar of this class is currently state-of-the-art for the feasibility problem of finding wavelets with special structure. Early experimental evidence has also suggested that, when implemented in a primal-dual (ADMM and DR) framework, this exemplar may provide improved performance for basis pursuit problems. We provide a reasonable way to compute the updates for this exemplar, and we study the application of this method to the aforementioned basis pursuit audio problems. We provide experimental results and visualizations of the dynamical system for the dual DR sequence. We observe that for highly structured problems with real data, the algorithmic behavior is noticeably different than for randomly generated problems.
Enumeration of dissociation sets in grid graphs
Authors: Zhou Wenke , Chen Guo , Deng Hongzhi , Tu Jianhua
Published: April 2024

A dissociation set of a graph $ G $ refers to a set of vertices inducing a subgraph with maximum degree at most 1 and serves as a generalization of two fundamental concepts in graph theory: Independent sets and induced matchings. The enumeration of specific substructures in grid graphs has been a captivating area of research in graph theory. Over the past few decades, the enumeration problems related to various structures in grid graphs such as Hamiltonian cycles, Hamiltonian paths, independent sets, maximal independent sets, and dominating sets have been deeply studied. In this paper, we enumerated dissociation sets in grid graphs using the state matrix recursion algorithm.
Changing Trends in Teaching Computer Vision at Ukrainian Universities in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Yesilevskyi Valentyn , Kyt Mykyta
Published: April 2024

In recent years, professional education in computer vision and artificial intelligence (AI) has witnessed transformative changes, a process significantly accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which catalyzed the shift towards online learning formats. In Ukraine, as in many other countries, universities have rapidly adapted their curricula to align with these new realities. The onset of martial law in Ukraine further entrenched online learning as the dominant mode of education. Additionally, there has been a noticeable shift in research activities towards projects tailored to the defense sector, unfolding against the backdrop of significant global advancements in AI for computer vision. This article explores the impact of these shifts and the “Artificial Intelligence Development Concept” introduced by the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine on the quality and methodologies of computer vision education. It scrutinizes specific training courses in this domain, along with the literature used in the educational process. The exploration includes how deep neural network technologies such as TensorFlow, PyTorch, OpenCV, and Python libraries are being integrated into computer vision curricula, reflecting the latest advancements in the field. It also examines the needs of Ukrainian startups and companies specializing in computer vision projects, analyzing how curricula are evolving to meet the specific requirements of modern software developers. Furthermore, the article proposes directions for the further development of online education in computer vision teaching in Ukraine.
Independence and the Levels of Selection
Authors: Bourrat Pierrick
Published: April 2024

The idea that selection can go in opposite directions or, more generally, be independent at different levels is well entrenched in both the biological and philosophical literatures. However, this idea is difficult to render precise. On the face of it, it seems unclear how two levels of selection could conflict with one another – and thus be independent if they ultimately refer to the same Darwinian substrate. In this paper, I present an analysis of this problem. I argue that it is impossible for selection at one level to be independent from selection at a different level if independence is to be understood in a strong (metaphysical) sense. However, I propose that independence can be understood in a weaker sense, so long as our conception of independence does not violate the metaphysical dependence of the higher levels on the lower ones. From there, I argue that none of the notions of particle-level or collective-level selection used in the classical formal approaches to multilevel selection capture this weaker form of independence. Finally, I propose a different approach that is compatible with both metaphysical dependence and the weaker form of independence outlined in this paper.
L’amitié particulière entre Joseph Zobel et Armand Guibert, et les manifestations culturelles francophones à Paris, Knokke-le-Zoute et Dakar (1947-1966)
Authors: Scheel Charles W.
Published: April 2024

La correspondance des années 1957-1966 entre Joseph Zobel et Armand Guibert, conservée dans le fonds Patrimoine méditerranéen de l'université de Montpellier, révèle une relation particulière entre deux écrivains dont la complicité s'est développée autour d'un même goût de la poésie et de l'homosexualité. Alors qu'ils avaient fait connaissance brièvement à Paris lors d'une soirée littéraire autour de Senghor en 1947, leur relation – surtout épistolaire – prend rapidement un tour intime lorsque Zobel prend la décision de quitter Paris pour s'installer avec sa famille au Sénégal en 1957. Une mutation obtenue grâce au soutien de Senghor, auquel Guibert allait consacrer une monographie dès 1961. À partir de ce noyau d'intérêt commun, les lettres entre Zobel et Guibert montrent comment ils allaient partager les textes d'autres poètes francophones (ou traduits en français, comme ceux de Pessoa par Guibert) pour alimenter les manifestations littéraires (dont de nombreuses lectures partagées sur les réseaux radiophoniques de la francophonie), auxquelles ils participaient entre Paris et Dakar, en passant par des festivals comme celui de la Biennale internationale de poésie de Knokke-Le-Zoute, station balnéaire belge huppée.
L’« utopie concrète » de l’Université des mutants à Gorée (Sénégal) – 1979-2005
Authors: Riffard Claire
Published: April 2024

Le titre énigmatique d’« Université des mutants » recouvre à la fois un lieu, sur l’île de Gorée au large de Dakar, et une expérimentation portée par les figures de Roger Garaudy et Léopold Sédar Senghor au sein d’un réseau intellectuel international, au tournant des années 1980. Son histoire mérite d’être connue. Quelques dates, quelques textes, quelques archives rassemblées au gré des recherches, des rencontres et des hasards permettront de mieux comprendre quelles furent ses ambitions. Et peut-être aussi comment s’explique son rapide échec.
Largo, larghissimo
Authors: Madureira José Rafael
Published: April 2024

Resenha do livro O Ritmo, a Música e a Educação, uma compilação de 14 textos escritos pelo pedagogo e compositor suíço Émile Jaques-Dalcroze (1865-1905) que abordam diversos aspectos da educação musical, corporal e rítmica, e suas reverberações culturais e estéticas. O livro já havia sido traduzido para o inglês, alemão e italiano, mas esta é a primeira versão em português, lançada em 2023 pela Editora UFRJ em formato eletrônico com livre acesso.
Intelectuais, autoridade maternal e a participação das mulheres na criação da literatura infantil portuguesa ao final do século XIX
Authors: Hansen Patricia Santos
Published: April 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar marcas de gênero em matrizes da literatura infantil europeia e na participação de escritoras e editoras na criação de uma literatura infantil portuguesa no século XIX. A hipótese subjacente é que, em contraste com outros campos da produção literária e didática, as mulheres encontraram nessa literatura uma área de atuação menos hostil e na qual o sexo e as qualidades atribuídas ao gênero feminino poderiam ser vistos como vantagens. Para mulheres intelectuais, esse tipo de produção permitiu dirigir-se às mães e às crianças como agentes de transformação social conferindo, ao mesmo tempo, um caráter político a sua produção e o reconhecimento de um lugar de autoridade nos debates sobre educação.
Intercambio de saberes, emergencia de expertos y visibilidad de instituciones.
Authors: Scharagrodsky Pablo , Quitzau Evelise Amgarten
Published: April 2024

El siguiente trabajo analiza, a partir de una perspectiva socio-histórica con énfasis en la historia social de los saberes y expertos, el I Congreso Panamericano de Educación Física realizado en Brasil en 1943. Focaliza la indagación en las problemáticas más debatidas, así como la función de ciertos expertos y el papel de determinadas instituciones a la hora de legitimar un determinado funcionamiento epistémico e institucional de la comunidad de especialistas en educación física. Entre las conclusiones, se identifican las diversas problematizaciones abordadas, destacándose cuestiones conceptuales vinculadas con la educación física, así como intensos debates sobre los modos de agrupamientos educativos. Asimismo, el congreso validó y prestigió a ciertos expertos internacionales y a importantes instituciones vinculadas al heterogéneo campo de la cultura física.
Diagnosing delta-beta thalassaemia in a resource poor setting
Authors: Warushahennadi R. , Premini V. , Roshanth S. N. , Shaffy A. A. S. M. S. , Edirisinghe E. M. N. Y.
Published: April 2024

An eight-year-old girl presented with mild scleral icterus, pallor and hepatosplenomegaly. Her preliminary investigations revealed low haemo-globin (Hb) (94g/L), high reticulocyte count (3.5%), normal total bilirubin level and normal liver function tests. Her blood picture revealed evidence of chronic haemolysis. High perfor-mance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed markedly raised Hb-F (98.3%). Capillary electro-phoresis revealed Hb-F of 99.2%. Acid elution test (Kleihauer test) showed pan-cellular distribution of Hb-F. Her parents were first cousins. Her mother’s profile showed thalassaemic red cell indices with normal Hb-A2 and high Hb-F (13.3%). The father was not available for screening. The paternal grandmother’s HPLC showed normal Hb-A2 and high Hb-F (6.8%). Based on clinical and laboratory findings and family screening results, the child was diagnosed as homozygous delta-beta (αβ)-thalassaemia presenting as thalassaemia intermedia.
Yellow Wagtails (Passeriformes, Motacillidae) are indicators of steppe and meadow landscapes
Authors: Artemyeva Elena Alexandrovna
Published: April 2024

Levels of nesting site selection were identified: landscape level is related to birds’ choice of landscape with yellow, pink, white, and green aspects. Ecosystem level corresponds to the detection of a water body by birds. The birds detect a station with the necessary vegetation association, where grasses and meadow halophytic associations are the basis of vegetation. The local (point) level is caused by the presence of a necessary host plant, which is a protector of birds’ nests. The main signals for the selection of nesting conditions for yellow wagtails as a reflection of semiotics are (in order): landscape – habitats of predominantly yellow, less frequently pink, white and green aspects; ecosystem – proximity of a water body (river, lake, etc.); statistical – halophytic associations. The following aspects of the nesting habitats are considered: ecosystem – proximity to a water body (river, lake, etc.); statistical – halophytic vegetation and grasses on sandy loam, loamy, solonchak soils suitable for nesting holes; local (point) – presence of host plant to protect the nest. Birds select nesting habitats based on the availability of all available signals, which increases the possibility and success of colony formation. The manifestation of semiotics: yellow wagtails in the nesting habitat tend to lose their visibility and dissolve into the background of the biotope, which is a special adaptation against predator attack.
First estimates of Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos and Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres wintering along the coast of Trapani (Sicily, Italy)
Authors: Surdo Salvatore
Published: April 2024

A census was carried out using the method of transects along stretches of coast of the Province of Trapani in order to estimate the wintering population of Common Sandpiper and Ruddy Turnstone. Although the International Waterbird Census (IWC) provides accurate estimation of wintering waders in Italy, the number of wintering individuals of Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos and Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres are strongly underestimated. The reason for this underestimation lies in the type of habitat they are used to populate along with the solitary life habits of the Common Sandpiper. To address this issue, we inspected 46.9 km of coastline where we recorded to 92 Ruddy Turnstones and 56 Common Sandpipers. For both species, the sites (coast) where bird-sightings occurred were marked with georeferenced data and classified as harbour area, sandy, rocky (including vermetid reefs) and posidonia banquettes. For each species, the IKA (Index of Abundance per Kilometer) was calculated, both global index and relative to each type of coast. As for the Common Sandpiper we observed 87 individuals, between transects and spot observations in the province of Trapani, which is the 22% of the whole wintering population estimated in Italy. Notably, even greater is the importance of our observations of the Ruddy Turnstone, which accounting for up to 154 individuals corresponds to the 71% of the whole Italian wintering population. Projection of these data to the entire Italian coast allows estimating a wintering population in Italy much larger than that reported so far, especially for the Common Sandpiper, which uses not only the sea cost but also inland wetlands and rivers as suitable wintering habitats for wintering.
Low Detection of High-risk Human Papilloma Virus in Individuals with Ameloblastoma in a Tertiary Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Akinshipo Abdul-Warith Olaitan , Salu Olumuyiwa Babalola , Oluwarotimi Akanbi Clement , Anyanwu Roosevelt Amaobichukwu , Aforka Ernest Ebuka , Effiom Olajumoke Ajibola , Omilabu Sunday Aremu
Published: April 2024

Background:

Ameloblastoma is a benign but aggressive epithelial odontogenic neoplasm of unknown etiology. The role of human papilloma virus (HPV) in the etiology of oral squamous cell carcinoma has prompted the investigation of HPV as an etiologic factor in ameloblastoma. This study aimed to determine the frequency of high-risk (HR) HPV in conventional ameloblastoma and the clinical parameters associated with infection.

Materials and Methods:

The study was approved by the ethical review boards of the institution. DNA was extracted from fresh tissue collected 750 μL of DNA/RNA Shield (Zymo Research, United States) using Invitrogen PureLink Viral RNA/DNA Mini Kit (Invitrogen, USA). The extracted DNA was assayed for the detection of 14 HR HPV types (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, and 68) using Anyplex™ II HPV HR Detection kit (Cat. No. HP7E00X) (Seegene Inc., Republic of Korea) on CFX-96TM Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) System (Bio-Rad). Data on gender, age of patient, site of lesion, clinicohistological types of ameloblastoma and history of smoking, alcohol consumption, and practice of oral sex were collected. Data analysis was performed using analysis program SPSS version 25 and statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:

Two cases of conventional ameloblastoma were positive with HPV and none of the ameloblastic carcinoma cases were positive. The HPV 16 serotype was observed in both cases. While 5 of the cases had a history of alcohol consumption, none of these cases were positive for HPV serotype.

Conclusions:

HPV 16 positivity was detected in two cases of conventional ameloblastomas and none in ameloblastic carcinoma using real-time PCR. There was no effect of exposure to smoking, alcohol consumption, and practice of oral sex and HPV in the etiology of ameloblastoma. Data available are suggestive of a limited role of HPV in the etiology of ameloblastoma.
The Effect of Unadjusted Mineral Supplementation on Bone Health of Preterm Infants Fed Fortified Human Milk: An Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Cardoso Manuela , Figueiredo Leonor , Moreira-Rosário André , Camolas José , Virella Daniel , Macedo Israel , Pereira-da-Silva Luís
Published: April 2024

Background:

In standard fortification of human milk (HM), the HM macronutrient content is assumed, and a fixed amount of a multinutrient fortifier is added to achieve recommended nutrient intakes. In target fortification, the HM macronutrient content is regularly measured, guiding the addition of modular macronutrient supplements to the fortified HM, to achieve the nutritional targets more precisely.

Objective:

The study aimed to investigate whether this addition of modular supplements, unaccompanied by mineral supplementation, predispose to metabolic bone disease (MBD).

Methods:

This is a secondary analysis of a larger study of infants born with <33 weeks gestational age. Fortifications based on the assumed (Group 1) or measured (Group 2) of the HM macronutrient content were compared, using low serum phosphate levels as an indicator of MBD, and length growth as a surrogate of bone growth.

Results:

Eighty-four infants were included, 35 in Group 1 and 49 in Group 2. During the exposure period, infants of Group 2 received higher mean fat (6.1 vs. 5.3 g/kg/day, P < 0.001) and carbohydrate (13.0 vs. 11.7 g/kg/day, P < 0.001) intakes; in addition, they exhibited lower mean serum phosphate (5.5 vs. 6.0 mg/dL, P = 0.022) and faster mean length velocity (1.06 vs. 0.89 cm/week, P = 0.003).

Conclusions:

These findings suggest that feeding fortified HM with extra fat and carbohydrate content, unaccompanied by mineral supplementation, promotes increased bone growth, as indicated by accelerated length growth, but with insufficiently mineralized osteoid, indicated by low serum phosphate levels. Intervention studies using direct biomarkers of bone mass content and mineral density are necessary to corroborate our findings.
Interventions to Minimize the Risk of Metabolic Bone Disease of Prematurity among Neonates: A Scoping Review
Authors: Mehra Pooja , Verma Nitesh Kumar , Kaul Geetanjali
Published: April 2024

Premature newborns face significant risks of reduced bone mineral content ensuing osteopenia which are more likely to occur in high-risk newborns, particularly preterms who are on corticosteroids or diuretics for an extended period or have neuromuscular issues. The methodology prescribed by Arksey and O’Malley was followed. Database searches using PubMed, Scopus, and PEDro were performed for original research published in English between 2011 and 2022. Nine studies have shown that there are few papers on the role of physical therapy in preventing osteopenia of prematurity among newborns. The ability of a newborn to perform functionally is improved by early identification and exercise exposure. This scoping review aims to identify relevant and reliable studies that discuss the use of physical therapy to treat preterm newborns as this will decrease the chances of future complications among children.
Retinal Hemorrhages in a Newborn with Prenatal Cocaine Exposure
Authors: Silecchia Valeria , Cattarozzi Andrea , Piermarocchi Stefano , Tavolato Marco
Published: April 2024

A term male newborn small for gestational age and with microcephaly was born from uncomplicated vaginal delivery. Pregnancy was not followed up until 32 weeks. Maternal serologies and vaginal/rectal swabs were negative. Routine ophthalmoscopy revealed hemovitreous in the right eye and massive retinal hemorrhages (RH) in the left eye; subsequent RetCam II examination with fluorescein angiography revealed bilateral RH, involving the fovea in the left eye. Retinal vascularization was normal in both eyes, without signs of ischemic injury or pathological angiogenesis. Complete blood count, coagulation, and thrombophilic studies were normal; a toxicology screen, performed on a hair sample from both mother and infant, was positive for cocaine. With its significant vasoconstrictive effects, cocaine may induce ischemic-hypoxic damage in the developing retinal vascular system of the fetus, leading to extensive RH. Although cocaine-related RH is indistinguishable from other birth-related RH, the formers persist for longer periods, warranting prolonged follow-up and long-term evaluation of visual function.
An Unusual Case of Brachial Artery Thrombosis in a Neonate Following Humerus fracture at Birth
Authors: Raghavendra Prashanth Ranya , Nair Sruthi , Mujeeb Athar Abdul , Haribalakrishna Anitha
Published: April 2024

A female infant of a diabetic mother born through LSCS at 39 weeks of gestation with a birth weight of 2908 grams was noted to have a paucity of movement of the left upper limb soon after birth. The extremity was pale, had markedly deranged perfusion, and was cold to touch with absent brachial, radial, and ulnar arterial pulsations. There was a swelling noted over the middle of the left arm, which was tender and associated with crepitus suspicious of a fracture. The right upper limb and lower limbs were normal. An urgent X-ray of the left upper limb showed a displaced fracture of the left humerus fracture and the Doppler study revealed absent flow in the brachial artery distal to the fracture site without thrombus. Urgent close reduction of the fracture following which the doppler showed a thrombus in the brachial artery extending up to its bifurcation. The thrombosis was managed medically with low molecular weight heparin and aspirin. There was a gradual improvement of limb perfusion with normalcy achieved on day 3 of life with no residual complications even on follow-up. The workup of neonatal thrombosis, its immediate management and current evidence for the same have been discussed in detail.
Laparoscopic Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy plus Neoadjuvant Intraperitoneal and Systemic Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer with Malignant Ascites
Authors: Yu Hsing-Wei , Liao Guo-Shiou , Lee Ting-Ying , Chan De-Chuan
Published: April 2024

Background:

Patients with gastric cancer (GC) and malignant ascites (MA) usually have poor outcomes and a high risk of recurrence and mortality, even after curative gastrectomy or chemotherapy. Systemic chemotherapy has been prescribed for patients with GC and MA; however, most of these patients expire within 1 year.

Aim:

To evaluate the outcomes of laparoscopic hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (LHIPEC) plus neoadjuvant intraperitoneal and systemic chemotherapy (NIPS) in the outcomes of GC patients with MA.

Methods:

We enrolled 62 patients with GC and MA between January 1, 2016, and March 1, 2021. Four patients were excluded because of extraperitoneal metastasis, and two patients were ineligible. A total of 56 patients underwent biweekly staging laparoscopy and LHIPEC with NIPS. We also performed staging laparoscopy to evaluate the effectiveness of LHIPEC + NIPS.

Results:

The mean survival time of the 56 patients was 20.8 months. The overall complication rate was 33.93%. After the LHIPEC + NIPS intervention, the peritoneal cancer index score (P < 0.001), ascites volume (P = 0.003), and cytology (P < 0.001) significantly improved compared to before the intervention; quality of life (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) was also better than before the intervention (P = 0.002), and no discomfort was noted postintervention.

Conclusion:

LHIPEC + NIPS is feasible for the treatment of GC with MA and may improve patients’ quality of life.
High-frequency Ultrasound in Peyronie’s Disease: A Case Series
Authors: Wattamwar Gajanan Kishor , Onkar Prashant , Phatak Suresh Vasant , Mitra Kajal
Published: April 2024

Peyronie’s disease (PD) is a well-known penile condition that primarily affects adult males. Patients with PD typically present with a palpable nodule in the penis. However, there has now been evidence of young males being affected thus making early identification important. Imaging has crucial role in the localization, characterization, and confirming the diagnosis of the disease. Ultrasonography is the most preferred modality. The disease has two stages: early and late, with chances of improvement when treated early. We present varied imaging findings associated with PD based on the classification of Bekos et al. with the use of color Doppler investigation whenever necessary.
Ultrasonographic Evaluation of the Ankle Joint in Relation to Rheumatoid Factor Status and Disease Activity in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Azzam Adel Ibrahim
Published: April 2024

Background:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a form of inflammatory disease whose clinical pattern is largely dependent on the presence of both anti-citrullinated protein antibodies and rheumatoid factor (RF). Although this is still debatable, seronegative RA seems to be a somewhat less serious condition. The present study aimed to evaluate ankle joint ultrasound in relation to RF status and disease activity in RA patients.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study involving RA patients from a single center was conducted. Laboratory test evaluations and clinical activity assessments were carried out. The ankle joint was examined using musculoskeletal ultrasound (US).

Results:

The study included 100 patients with established RA in total. Eighty-two patients tested positive for RF with a mean age of 42.3, whereas only 18 tested negative with a mean age of 39.6. Patients who tested positive for RF had a longer duration of illness (9.39 ± 5.39 vs. 4.56 ± 3.24). There were no differences in clinical activity scores between the seropositive and seronegative groups. The pathological US findings of any ankle joint showed no differences between the seropositive and seronegative groups. Patients with US findings of tibialis posterior tenosynovitis in the left ankle and synovitis and erosion in the right ankle, particularly in the tibiotalar and talonavicular joints, had significantly high Disease Activity Score 28-Erythrocyte sedimentation rate-scores. The increased disease activity was accompanied by significant erosions on both ankles.

Conclusion:

In terms of disease activity, there is no clinically significant difference between seropositive and seronegative RA patients. Sonographic ankle joint abnormalities do not appear to be associated with the patients’ RF status. High RA disease activity, on the other hand, is associated with synovitis and erosions, particularly in the talonavicular and tibiotalar joints, as well as tibialis posterior tenosynovitis.
Workflow of a Preclinical Robotic Magnetic Resonance Imaging-guided Focused Ultrasound Body System
Authors: Evripidou Nikolas , Antoniou Anastasia , Lazarou George , Georgiou Leonidas , Chrysanthou Antreas , Ioannides Cleanthis , Damianou Christakis
Published: April 2024

Background:

Establishing an efficient workflow is crucial for the success of magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) procedures. The current study provides a comprehensive description of the workflow of a customized MRgFUS robotic body device for preclinical use and accompanied software through experiments in excised porcine tissue.

Methods:

The employed system comprises a single-element spherically focused transducer of 2.6 MHz that can be moved along four PC-controlled axes. A detailed description of essential software functionalities and its integration with a 3T Siemens magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner through Access-I for interactive remote control of the scanner and real-time access to imaging data is provided. Following treatment planning on preoperative MR images, porcine tissue samples were sonicated in rectangular and irregular grid patterns with varying ultrasonic parameters and spatial step under software-based monitoring.

Results:

MRgFUS ablations of ex vivo porcine tissue were successfully performed utilizing a multimodal monitoring approach combining MRI-based temperature, thermal dose, and necrotic area mapping, thus demonstrating an efficient procedural workflow. The simulated necrotic regions were in excellent agreement with the actual lesions revealed upon tissue dissection and highly consistent with the planned sonication patterns. The software’s ability to accurately identify regions where necrosis did not occur and indicate to the user the specific points to be re-sonicated was demonstrated.

Conclusion:

Overall, the study highlights critical aspects in accurately planning and executing preclinical MRgFUS protocols within an efficient workflow. The provided data could serve as the basis for other researchers in the field.
Update on Imaging-based Noninvasive Methods for Assessing Hepatic Steatosis in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Kang Chia-Chien , Wang Tsang-En , Liu Chia-Yuan , Chen Ming-Jen , Wang Horng-Yuan , Chang Chen-Wang , Chang Ching-Wei
Published: April 2024

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), among the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide, affects approximately 25% of the global population. Its incidence is increasing owing to various risk factors, including genetic variation, metabolic health, dietary habits, and microbiota. Hepatic steatosis is a critical histological characteristic of NAFLD. Evaluating liver fat content is vital for identifying and following up with patients at risk of developing NAFLD. NAFLD includes simple liver steatosis and more severe forms such as inflammation, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. The early assessment of fatty liver is important for reversing liver disease progression. Metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease recently replaced NAFLD as the most common hepatic disease worldwide. This article reviews the current state of noninvasive imaging, especially ultrasound, for liver fat quantification.
Enhancing Trichomonas vaginalis Identification in Cytology Students through Gamification
Authors: Yusoff Wan Shahriman Yushdie Wan , Zuki Farah Amieza Abdul , Abu Mohd Nazri , Md Saad Wan Mazlina
Published: April 2024

Background and Objective:

Trichomonas vaginalis is a causative agent of trichomoniasis, a sexually transmitted disease. In the cytology course context, students are taught to identify the cytomorphological characteristics of this organism. However, the limited learning period hinders their ability to recognize this infection effectively. This study intended to evaluate the efficacy of gamification by utilizing a web-based online game to enhance students’ capacity to recognize Trichomonas vaginalis infection in cytology.

Materials and Methods:

The study involved 50 Medical Laboratory Technology students who were randomly assigned to three groups. Group 1 (G1) participants received an interactive web-based online game called CytoUniverse, which comprised three components: a story-based game, a cytomorphology game, and a quiz focusing on Trichomonas vaginalis infection in cytology. Group 2 (G2) participants received the same information from a video lecture. Group 3 (G3) received both the web-based online game and the video lecture. The participants were assessed before the intervention (T1) and after the intervention (T2) to measure the effectiveness of the respective learning methods. IBM SPSS version 28 and GraphPad Prism version 9.0 were used to collect, tabulate, and analyze the data. By using descriptive analysis, the normality of the data was checked. Knowledge score and age were described as mean and standard deviation (SD) for numerical data. On the contrary, the categorical data, such as gender and group categories, were reported as frequencies and percentages. Fisher’s exact test, paired t-test, and one-way ANOVA test were used in this study to determine the significance between groups.

Results:

The study’s results indicated a statistically significant improvement (P < 0.05) in knowledge scores at T2 compared to T1 for both G1 and G2 when compared to G3. However, there were no significant differences in knowledge scores between all groups for T1 or T2.

Conclusions:

In conclusion, gamification through a web-based online game may improve understanding of Trichomonas vaginalis infection. It looks to be a promising strategy for boosting students’ knowledge and awareness to recognize Trichomonas vaginalis infection in cytology.
Interobserver Reliability of Milan and Modified Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology: An Institutional Experience
Authors: Bhola Ridhi , Narwal Anjali , Kamboj Mala , Devi Anju , Singh Sunita
Published: April 2024

Background:

In 2018, the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC) was published, defining a diagnostic categorization scheme. However, this system of classification was criticized due to its suboptimal diagnostic accuracy and low interobserver reliability. For these reasons, the modified Milan system was recently proposed by a few authors claiming it to be more clinically reliable. The present study aimed to analyze the interobserver reliability of MSRSGC and modified MSRSGC.

Methods:

A total of 100 salivary gland fine-needle aspirations were reviewed over a 1-year period and classified by two independent observers according to MSRSGC and modified MSRSGC. Interobserver reproducibility was estimated using observed agreement and chance-corrected agreement (Cohen’s kappa).

Results:

An overall chance corrected agreement of 0.37 (fair) was obtained for the original Milan system and 0.41 (moderate) for the modified one. In addition, subcategories of modified MSRSGC performed better than the MSRSGC in terms of interobserver reliability.

Conclusion:

The present study suggests that modified MSRSGC should be accepted worldwide as the clinical relevance of any categorization scheme requires diagnostic accuracy along with excellent interobserver reproducibility.
Can Mitotic Figures in Hyperchromatic Crowded Groups be Cytodiagnostic Criteria for High-Grade Squamous Intra-epithelial Lesions?
Authors: Suzuki Hisae , Kondo Yumeno , Oda Chihiro , Nishikawa Takeshi , Takeuchi Mao , Tatsumi Shigenobu , Hosokawa Sho , Irino Satoshi , Uchiyama Tomoko , Fujii Tomomi , Norimatsu Yoshiaki
Published: April 2024

Aims:

The present study aimed to investigate whether the presence of mitoses in hyperchromatic crowded groups (HCGs) in cervical cytological specimens can serve as cytological criteria for high-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesions (HSILs).

Methods and Material:

Various parameters were examined, including the frequency of mitotic figures per high power field (HPF) in Pap, hematoxylin eosin (HE) samples, and PHH3 immunocytochemical (ICC) and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses.

Results:

In the Pap and PHH3-ICC samples, the number of mitotic figures observed in HCGs was significantly higher in HSIL (P < 0.001) compared to other groups. Furthermore, the frequency of observing two or more mitoses was significantly higher in HSIL (Pap: P = 0.002, PHH3-ICC: P < 0.001) than in low-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesions (LSILs). Moreover, a comparison between Pap samples and PHH3-ICC showed that the frequency of two or more mitoses was significantly higher in the PHH3-ICC analysis of HSIL (P = 0.042). Regarding HE and PHH3-IHC samples, counting the number of mitoses in the lower and middle/upper layers of the squamous epithelial layer revealed that HSIL had a significantly higher value (HE: P = 0.0089, PHH3-IHC: P = 0.0002) than LSIL in the middle/upper layers.

Conclusions:

Hence, the presence of two or more mitotic figures in HCGs per HPF in cervical cytology indicates a suspicion of HSIL. The detection of mitoses in PHH3-ICC samples is more sensitive and easier to observe than in Pap samples, making it a valuable mitotic marker.
Cytologic Parameters in Predicting the Outcome of Atypical Glandular Cells on Papanicolaou Smears: A Single-Institutional Experience
Authors: Phalak Pooja A. , Shah Majal G. , Kapoor Shilpa , Goswami Saurabh J. , Samanta Satarupa T. , Trivedi Priti P.
Published: April 2024

Background:

Atypical glandular cells (AGCs) diagnosis on Pap (Papanicolaou) smears are uncommon and may represent various benign and malignant lesions.

Objective:

This study aims to report the incidence of AGC on Pap smear, to study the relationship of AGC with malignancy, and to determine cytomorphological features that help in predicting malignancy.

Materials and Methods:

Retrospective analytical study conducted in the Department of Oncopathology at Tertiary Cancer and Research Institute. In this retrospective study, we included cases diagnosed with AGC between July 2017 to July 2022. All slides were reviewed and subclassified according to the Bethesda 2014 classification system (TBS). The predetermined cytomorphological features observed in the smears were recorded. The follow-up histopathological diagnoses of the cases were retrieved. The significant cytomorphological and clinicopathological findings for malignancy were determined.

Results:

Pearson χ2 test with SPSS software version 22 to compare cytologic features of cases with benign and malignant follow-up. The significant cytomorphological features observed in neoplastic cases were cells in 3-dimensional clusters, nuclear overlapping, reniform nucleus, irregular nuclear membrane, increased nuclear size, single macronucleoli, engulfed neutrophils, and prominently vacuolated cytoplasm.

Conclusions:

The diagnosis of AGC on cytology is associated with clinically significant lesions, and cytomorphologic parameters can be used to predict the benign and malignant outcome.