bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabolomic Profiling in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Biomarker Discovery
Authors: Thoman Maxton E. , McKarns Susan C.
Published: September 2020

There is no specific test for diagnosing neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), a disabling autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Instead, diagnosis relies on ruling out other related disorders with overlapping clinical symptoms. An urgency for NMOSD biomarker discovery is underscored by adverse responses to treatment following misdiagnosis and poor prognosis following the delayed onset of treatment. Pathogenic autoantibiotics that target the water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) contribute to NMOSD pathology. The importance of early diagnosis between AQP4-Ab+ NMOSD, MOG-Ab+ NMOSD, AQP4-Ab− MOG-Ab− NMOSD, and related disorders cannot be overemphasized. Here, we provide a comprehensive data collection and analysis of the currently known metabolomic perturbations and related proteomic outcomes of NMOSD. We highlight short chain fatty acids, lipoproteins, amino acids, and lactate as candidate diagnostic biomarkers. Although the application of metabolomic profiling to individual NMOSD patient care shows promise, more research is needed.
Research on Trajectory Tracking and Obstacle Avoidance of Nonholonomic Mobile Robots in a Dynamic Environment
Authors: Zhang Kai , Gao Ruizhen , Zhang Jingjun
Published: September 2020

This paper presents an obstacle-avoidance trajectory tracking method based on a nonlinear model prediction, with a dynamic environment considered in the trajectory tracking of nonholonomic mobile robots for obstacle avoidance. In this method, collision avoidance is embedded into the trajectory tracking control problem as a nonlinear constraint of the position state, which changes with time to solve the obstacle-avoidance problem in dynamic environments. The CasADi toolkit was used in MATLAB to generate a real-time, efficient C++ code with inequality constraints to avoid collisions. Trajectory tracking and obstacle avoidance in dynamic and static environments are trialed using MATLAB and CasADi simulations, and the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm is verified.
Are Scientific Models of Life Testable? A Lesson from Simpson’s Paradox
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Prasanta S. , Grunska Nolan , Dcruz Don , Greenwood Mark C.
Published: September 2020

We address the need for a model by considering two competing theories regarding the origin of life: (i) the Metabolism First theory and (ii) the RNA World theory. We discuss two inter-related points. (I) Models are valuable tools in understanding both the processes and intricacies of the origin of life issues. (II) Insights from models also help us to evaluate the core objection to origin of life theories called “the inefficiency objection” commonly raised by proponents of both the Metabolism First theory and the RNA World theory against each other. We use Simpson’s paradox as a tool for challenging this objection. We will use models in various senses ranging from taking them as representations of reality to treating them as theories/accounts that provide heuristics for probing reality. In this paper, we will frequently use models and theories interchangeably. Additionally, we investigate Conway’s Game of Life and contrast it with our Simpson’s Paradox (SP)-based approach to emergence of life issues. Finally, we discuss some of the consequences of our view. A scientific model is testable in three senses: (i) a logical sense, (ii) a nomological sense, and (iii) a current technological sense. The SP-based model is testable in the logical sense. It is also testable nomologically. However, it is not currently feasible to test it.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN POTENSI KOMODITAS PERTANIAN DI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Hermawati Maya
Published: September 2020

Balai Pertanian memiliki salah satu tugas yaitu melaksanakan penelitian dan pengkajian teknologi pertanian yang tepat guna spesifik lokasi. Sistem Pendukung Keputusan diperlukan oleh Balai Pertanian Jawa Barat untuk membantu dalam menentukan potensi komoditas pertanian di wilayah Jawa Barat. Metode yang digunakan dalam sistem adalah metode analisis gabungan (superimpose) antara analisis Location Quotient (LQ) dan analisis Shift and Share. Analisis Location Quotient (LQ) digunakan untuk mengetahui keunggulan komparatif dari komoditas di suatu wilayah. Sedangkan analisis Shift and Share digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi pertumbuhan wilayah atau sektor (komoditas) dari suatu wilayah. Sistem pendukung keputusan ini menghasilkan keputusan akhir berupa potensi komoditas di setiap wilayah yang dijadikan sebagai dasar dalam menetapkan rekomendasi komoditas unggulan yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan di wilayah Jawa Barat. Sistem pendukung keputusan yang dibangun dapat membantu dalam penentuan potensi komoditas pertanian dan memberikan rekomendasi mengenai komoditas unggulan yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan di wilayah Jawa Barat.
PEMBANGUNAN APLIKASI DETEKSI PENYAKIT BERDASARKAN DIAGNOSIS DAN REKOMENDASI DOKTER TERDEKAT DI KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Purnama Sugih , Suryana Taryana
Published: September 2020

Manusia yang sehat adalah seseorang yang tidak memiliki cacat, sehat secara rohani, dan tidak sakit. Hal tersebut bisa di capai apabila faktor lingkungan mendukung dan sadar betul terhadap kesehatan diri sendiri. Ketika manusia akan dinyatakan jatuh sakit umumnya memiliki gejala penyakit yang timbul. Gejala penyakit sering kali dianggap remeh oleh kebanyakan orang. Sehingga tanpa disadari dari gejala-gejala yang timbul bisa menimbulkan penyakit yang lebih serius. Padahal hal tersebut bisa dicegah lebih awal apabila sudah mengetahui gejalagejala dari suatu penyakit dan mendapatkan penangganan lebih cepat sehingga tidak menimbulkan suatu penyakit yang lebih serius. Pada aplikasi ini mampu mendeteksi suatu penyakit berdasarkan gejala-gejala yang dirasakan oleh pengguna. Aplikasi ini menggunakan teknologi APIMEDIC sebagai alat bantu untuk mendeteksi penyakit. Sistem akan menampilkan hasil diagnosis paling akurat yang berhasil didiagnosis oleh Apimedic. Kemudian bagi yang kurang mengetahui lokasi dokter terdekat, sistem akan memberikan rekomendasi dokter-dokter terdekat berdasarkan penyakit yang berhasil terdeteksi oleh sistem dengan radius 1500 meter.

Kata kunci : Apimedic, Gejala, penyakit, Deteksi, Dokter
Health Taxes on Tobacco, Alcohol, Food and Drinks in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review of Policy Content, Actors, Process and Context
Authors: Elliott Lana M. , Dalglish Sarah L. , Topp Stephanie M.
Published: September 2020

Background: Taxation of tobacco, food, alcohol and other beverages has gained renewed attention in responding to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). While largely built on evidence from high-income countries (HICs), the projected economic and health benefits of these measures have increased calls for their use in price-sensitive low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, uptake has been sporadic and there remains little research on why and how LMICs utilise fiscal measures in response to NCDs. Methods: This scoping review analyses factors influencing the design and implementation of health-related fiscal measures in LMICs. Utilising Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review methodology and Walt and Gilson’s policy triangle, we considered the contextual, procedural, content and stakeholder-related factors that influenced measures. Results: We identified 75 papers focussing on health-related fiscal measures, with 47 (63%) focused on tobacco, 5 on alcohol, 6 on soft drink and 4 studies on food-related fiscal regulation. Thirteen papers analysed multiple measures and most papers (n = 66, 88%) were less than a decade old. Key factors enabling the design and implementation of measures included localised health and economic evidence, policy championing, inter-ministerial support, and global or regional momentum. Impeding factors encompassed negative framing and retaliation by industry, vested interests and governmental policy disjuncture. Aligning with theoretic insights from the policy triangle, findings consistently demonstrated that the interplay between factors – rather than the presence or absence of particular factors – has the most profound impact on policy implementation. Conclusion: Given the growing urgency to address NCDs in LMICs, this review highlights the need for recognition and rigorous exploration of political economy factors influencing the design and implementation of fiscal measures. Broader LMIC-specific empirical research is needed to overcome an implication noted in much of the literature: that mechanisms used to enact tobacco taxation are universally applicable to measures targeting foods, alcohol and other beverages.
Unifed indicator of the wear of plastics for diﬀerent assessment methods
Authors: Kovriga V. V. , Gumen V. R. , Sevastyanov V. V. , Kachalina A. L.
Published: September 2020

The possibility of describing the wear of plastics, determined according to international standards ISO 9352, ISO 4649, GOST 11012, DIN 52108, EN 295-3, using a unified wear indicator, which is the loss of the volume of the wear material per unit of friction path, has been studied. It is shown that diﬀerent methods give close values of the unified indicator of wear resistance.
Hedyosmum goudotianum Solms y Hedyosmum translucidum Cuatrec., especies medicinales nativas del Ecuador: elementos botánicos de diagnóstico y actividades farmacológicas
Authors:   , Guzmán Salinas Nubia Alejandra
Published: September 2020

El presente trabajo de tesis se desarrolla con el objetivo fundamental de sistematizar información de dos especies medicinales del Ecuador, pertenecientes a la familia Chloranthaceae: Hedyosmum goudotianum y Hedyosmum translucidum. Desde el área botánica, generando información morfo-anatómica; así como desde el área farmacológica, profundizando el estudio de la farmacodinamia a nivel de la conducta espontánea, antidepresiva, anorexígena y a nivel del músculo liso gastrointestinal. En el estudio anatómico se revela la importancia de ciertos caracteres histológicos para la determinación de estas especies, en cuanto a las características de las células de la epidermis, estomas, mesófilo, esclereidas y dientes, son constantes y entonces podrían ser usadas para clarificar ciertos procesos de clasificación morfológica. Mediante el estudio farmacológico en distintos sistemas biológicos, se pudo demostrar que las tinturas de las dos especies en estudio poseen actividad antiespasmódica mediante un antagonismo no competitivo de los receptores muscarínicos y del influjo de calcio; mientras que las infusiones no mostraron efectos sedantes a dosis de 25 mg/kg, pero ambas sí poseen un marcado efecto ansiolítico, así como un efecto antidepresivo a esta misma dosis; la infusión de H. goudotianum a dosis de 25 mg/kg muestra un efecto anorexígeno, efecto que no fue evidenciado con la infusión de H. translucidum.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HEMODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF ROCURONIUM AND VECURONIUM DURING INDUCTION OF ANESTHESIAAND TRACHEAL INTUBATION IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CARDIAC SURGERY
Authors: Tiwari Deepak , Kumar Deepak , Bhargava Saurabh
Published: September 2020

Background: Muscle relaxants are used to provide surgical relaxation and to facilitate endotracheal intubation. Vecuronium and rocuronium decrease the heart rate and should be preferred in patient with faster baseline heart rate. Aim: To assess and compare the hemodynamic effects of Rocuronium Bromide and Vecuronium Bromide during induction of anaesthesia and endotracheal intubation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery Material & Method: Fifty patients of either sex above the age of fourteen years of ASA physical status I, II or III scheduled for elective cardiac surgery were enrolled. The patients were divided into two equal groups of 25 each - Group "V" Vecuronium bromide (0.1 mg. /kg.) and Group "R" Rocuronium bromide (0.9 mg./kg). Hemodynamic parameters were specically recorded at various time intervals basal, after Thiopentone sodium, after relaxant during intubation and 2, 5 and 10 minutes post intubation period. Results:In Group V, the mean heart rate had a signicant rise 2-minute post intubation. Mean SAPcontinued to fall after diazepam administration but the fall became statistically signicant 5 & 10 minutes post intubation, similar to mean DAP pressure and MAP, but the fall became statistically signicant only at 5 & 10 minutes post intubation. While, in Group R the mean heart rate showed minimal change from the base line recording and the value remained statistically insignicant at all intervals. Mean SAP showed a sudden fall after Thiopentone administration (statistically signicant). The rest of the readings were insignicant statistically. Conclusion:Rocuronium was found to be more hemodynamically stable than Vecuronium.
IoT based Biotelemetry for Smart Health Care Monitoring System
Authors: Vivekanadam B
Published: September 2020

The concept of biotelemetry evolved to assess the physiological data of a person under normal circumstances without obstruction to the patient. It allows evaluation of risk factors influence the person health on their daily activities. Recent technology development enhances the features of biotelemetry as wireless applications which allows the physician to monitor the patient health remotely. Biotelemetry obtains great values in hospitals by continues monitoring process as it reduces the burden to physician regular checkups. ECG telemetry is one of the predominant biotelemetry application employed to monitor the heart rate and arrhythmias. Proposed research work focusses the key features of ECG telemetry and provides an internet of things (IoT) based application to monitor the patient health in an indoor and outdoor environment. Along with medical terms, data management parameters are analyzed in the experimental section to emphasize the proposed work performance.
Avaliação da demanda de cloro na oxidação de cianobactérias e relação com a formação de trialometanos
Authors: Santos Franco Elton , Araújo Camargo Júlia , Aparecida de Aguilar Núbia , de Assis  Ferreira Ana Flávia , de Pádua Valter Lúcio , Lisboa Rodrigues Jairo , Libânio Marcelo , Giani Alessandra
Published: September 2020

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a demanda de cloro e a formação de trialometanos (TAMs) a partir da oxidação de células de Microcystis aeruginosa, espécie de cianobactéria amplamente encontrada nos mananciais brasileiros. O estudo foi realizado em escala de laboratório avaliando 4 parâmetros: dose de cloro, tempo de contato, pH e temperatura, fatores que potencialmente influenciam a formação de subprodutos da desinfecção. Os TAMs foram determinados a partir de adaptação de método analítico de extração líquido líquido (ELL) em um cromatógrafo a gás acoplado à espectrometria de massas (CG–EM), que apresentou ótimo desempenho e economia quando comparado com outras metodologias. Os resultados demonstraram proporcionalidade entre a formação de TAMs e o aumento dos parâmetros analisados.
Palavras-chave: Trialometanos. Microcystis aeruginosa. CG-EM.
Modelagem computacional de reservatório de detenção sob logradouro: uma alternativa para controle de alagamentos em área densamente urbanizada do Recife/PE
Authors: Rosa da Silva Simone , Barbosa da Silva Junior Marcos Antonio , Melo de Oliveira Regina Lúcia
Published: September 2020

Este artigo avalia, por meio de modelagem computacional, a implantação de um reservatório de detenção sob logradouro para controle dos alagamentos em área de urbanização consolidada do Recife/PE. Para isso, foram obtidos os dados físicos da área (cadastro da microdrenagem; percentual de impermeabilização do solo; taxa de infiltração; chuva de projeto; e curva de maré), integrando-os ao modelo SWMM (Storm Water Management Model). O reservatório foi dimensionado pelo método das chuvas e ajustado às condições locais, resultando em um volume de 740m³. Os resultados mostraram que houve redução dos picos de cheia, em 63,85%, e consequentemente a diminuição da área de alagamento. A capacidade percentual de acumulação do reservatório proposto foi de 45%, quando simulados os eventos de chuva de dois anos de recorrência. Apesar do desempenho satisfatório, o custo de implantação do reservatório é elevado e ele necessita de manutenção sistêmica.
Palavras-chave: Urbanização. Alagamentos. Modelo Hidráulico-Hidrológico (SWMM). Reservatório de Detenção. Logradouros.
Influence of Problem Solving Learning Model on Motivation of Learning Scince In Class IV SD Negeri Sukamakmur 1
Authors: - Harmawati , Yulistina Nur DS  , Dina Vera Yuni
Published: September 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of model problem solving with students learning motivation in scince subjectts at SD Sukamakmur 1, TelukJambe Timur district. This research is a quantitative research. The population used in this study were all grade IV studenta of SD Negeri Sukamakmur 1, TelukJambe Timur subdistrict, amounting 80 students. Data collection technique to test the hypothesis is done by calculating the product moment statistics.The results of the validity of the students’ learning motivation questionnaire in natural science subject obtained 27, which were declared valid from 40 items tested. The reability test results an rn value 3,470. Hypothesis testing results, there are significant differences between students’ learning motivation in science subjects with student learning outcomes. It was obtained 84,48 tables in 2,024 with a significance of 0,05 and n=40 indicating that the hypothesis was accepted. From the results of this study it can be concluded that the learning motivation of students in science subjects with learning outcomes has an influence.
The Beats’ Identification with the Marginalized Groups as a Means of Decentralization
Authors: Emami Neyshaburi Neyshabur
Published: September 2020

Because the cold war had already started and atomic annihilation was impending, America was panicked into bringing about homogeneity and centralization. The government thought that diminution of heterogeneity and propagation of the privileged discourses could guarantee the country against the threat. Opposing this, the Beats strived to bring about difference and heterogeneity to guarantee their society against tastelessness and lack of individuality, as the inevitable corollaries of this policy. They identified themselves with the marginalized groups because they knew that being on the periphery of American society, these groups had not been corrupted by capitalism. Their purity, difference from the rest, and natural condition helped the Beats fulfil their purpose. Some critics believe they were insensitive to the plight of those groups and only misused them and some others say that the Beats had an ambivalent attitude towards them and the positive and negative aspects of their relation should be considered. This paper is going to support the second view.
PATHWAYS FOR TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND PREADAPTATION OF PARENTS IN DIRE STRAITS
Authors: Ivanova O. A. , Shalashova М. М.
Published: September 2020

The article deals with the issue of teachers’ professional development and professional preadaptation and retraining of parents who found themselves in difficult life circumstances due to their child’s serious medical condition and consequently have to change jobs. The article presents MCU’s innovative experience in implementing professional development programmes for teachers and parents in the medical setting. Modular professional retraining programmes allow students to choose the units that fit their educational needs and help them follow their own educational tracks. The article describes the process of creating academic programmes for students’ individual professional development with the help of distance-learning management platforms Moodle and Microsoft Teams. This enables students to work and study at their own pace. We have arrived at the conclusion that at times it is worth using the flipped classroom model and strategy, when students study the course content independently and later take part in discussions and question sessions, exchange their experiences and work on different case studies. Since last year there have been changes in the content, technologies and methods of working with this particular group of students. For instance, there is now an opportunity to add and use resources of non-formal education sphere. After parents successfully complete the course of study, they qualify as tutors who can assist students getting long-term treatment. This can help parents solve two problems. First, it will give them an opportunity to find a new job in the field they qualified in. Then, they will be able to provide professional psychological assistance and academic support to their children in difficult life circumstances.
PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION FOR FUTURE UNIVERSITY TEACHERS: DETERMINANTS OF EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Logvinova O. K. , Vittenbek V. K , Ivanova G. P
Published: September 2020

The study is aimed at identifying and analyzing the determinants of effective pedagogical education for future university teachers. Research interest in this issue stems from world wide dramatic changes in higher education caused by interdependent processes of globalization, massification and digitalization, which in turn foregrounds the problem of effective teaching in a more diverse and complex university environment. The research is based on both theoretical analysis and comparison of modern approaches to the problem under study, generalization of pedagogical experience and empirical investigation. The authors focused on students’ expectations and perceptions regarding real and ideal university teachers. Data collection involved the qualitative approach with the use of focus group method as well as focused interviews. The findings obtained helped to substantiate key determinants of effective pedagogical education for future university teachers, namely an opportune content and teaching methods updating, relevant forms of training, consideration of students’ expectations. The results of the research are of interest to a wide range of experts in the field of higher education and can be applied within the courses of “Pedagogy of Higher Education”, “Pedagogy and Psychology of Higher Education”, “Methods of Teaching at the University”, etc.
Simulasi Monte Carlo untuk Memprediksi Persediaan Darah
Authors: Darnis Rahmi , Nurcahyo Gunadi Widi , Yunus Yuhandri
Published: September 2020

Blood is a special organ as a communication and transportation system whose job is to circulate nutrients and oxygen. As a very vital transport system and its very useful existence for many people, blood must be managed properly. Monte Carlo simulations can predict problems related to blood stock and demand for blood. The data that is processed to predict blood supply is blood production data in 2018 and 2019, Simulation results data for 2018 are compared with real data for 2019 and simulation results for 2019 are compared with real data for 2020. The results of the simulations that have been carried out have an accuracy rate of 96.21% for 2018 and 79.22% for 2019. Based on the results of the tests that have been done, it can provide information that can help in the management of forecasting future blood stocks.
PENGEMBANGAN USAHA KELUARGA PETANI KARET UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN MELALUI BUDIDAYA TANAMAN PANGAN DI PERKARANGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK VERTIKULTUR
Authors: Adhiguna Rizky Tirta
Published: September 2020

Masyarakat desa Sugih Waras Kecamatan Rambang Muara Enim memiliki ketergantungan yang tinggi dari pendapatan hasil sadap karet, sehingga rumah tangga petani di desa Sugih Waras perlu mengusahakan sumber-sumber lain bagi peningkatan pendapatan untuk mencukupi kebutuhan keluarga. Perhatian masyarakat desa Sugih Waras khususnya dikalangan ibu-ibu rumah tangga keluarga petani karet cenderung ikut membantu suami menyadap karet di kebun, sementara pemanfaatan lahan pekarangan rumah masih relatif terbatas sehingga pengembangan berbagai inovasi yang terkait dengan lahan pekarangan rumah belum banyak berkembang. Serangkaian teknik budidaya tanaman pangan telah banyak dikembangkan, dengan kepemilikan luas lahan yang terbatas khususnya diperkarangan rumah maka teknik vertikultur dinilai sesuai untuk digunakan dalam rangka menyediakan komoditas pangan keluarga petani karet. Usaha budidaya tanaman pangan dengan teknik vertikultur dapat diterapkan dengan memanfaatkan lahan perkarangan yang terbatas di lingkungan rumah. Hasil panen dari budidaya tanaman pangan di perkarangan rumah dapat menjamin ketersediaan pangan secara murah di keluarga petani karet. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini, peserta secara umum memperlihatkan respon yang baik terhadap penerapan budidaya tanaman sayuran menggunakan teknik vertikultur sehingga terjadi pengembangan usaha keluarga petani karet.
On Arithmetic Progressions in Symmetric Sets in Finite Field Model
Authors: Hązła Jan
Published: September 2020

We consider two problems regarding arithmetic progressions in symmetric sets in the finite field (product space) model. First, we show that a symmetric set $S \subseteq \mathbb{Z}_q^n$ containing $|S| = \mu \cdot q^n$ elements must contain at least $\delta(q, \mu) \cdot q^n \cdot 2^n$ arithmetic progressions $x, x+d, \ldots, x+(q-1)\cdot d$ such that the difference $d$ is restricted to lie in $\{0,1\}^n$. Second, we show that for prime $p$ a symmetric set $S\subseteq\mathbb{F}_p^n$ with $|S|=\mu\cdot p^n$ elements contains at least $\mu^{C(p)}\cdot p^{2n}$ arithmetic progressions of length $p$. This establishes that the qualitative behavior of longer arithmetic progressions in symmetric sets is the same as for progressions of length three.
Fast Strategies in Waiter-Client Games
Authors: Clemens Dennis , Gupta Pranshu , Hamann Fabian , Haupt Alexander , Mikalački Mirjana , Mogge Yannick
Published: September 2020

Waiter-Client games are played on some hypergraph $(X,\mathcal{F})$, where $\mathcal{F}$ denotes the family of winning sets. For some bias $b$, during each round of such a game Waiter offers to Client $b+1$ elements of $X$, of which Client claims one for himself while the rest go to Waiter. Proceeding like this Waiter wins the game if she forces Client to claim all the elements of any winning set from $\mathcal{F}$. In this paper we study fast strategies for several Waiter-Client games played on the edge set of the complete graph, i.e. $X=E(K_n)$, in which the winning sets are perfect matchings, Hamilton cycles, pancyclic graphs, fixed spanning trees or factors of a given graph.
PD-L1 inhibitorius pembrolizumabas – pirmos eilės išplitusiam nesmulkiųjų ląstelių plaučių vėžiui gydyti
Authors: Gurevičienė Giedrė
Published: September 2020

Pembrolizumabas – tai pirmasis ir vienintelis programuotos ląstelių žūties baltymo (PD-1) inhibitorius, patvirtintas pirmos eilės išplitusio arbametastazavusio nesmulkiųjų ląstelių plaučių vėžio (NSLPV)monoterapijai, skiriamas esant nustatytai aukštai programuotos ląstelių žūties baltymo ligando (PD-L1) raiškai (≥50 proc.) navikiniame audinyje ir nesant epidermio augimo veiksnio receptoriaus (EGFR) mutacijos arba anaplastinės limfomos receptoriaus tirozino kinazės (ALK) geno translokacijos. Šio vaisto saugumas ir veiksmingumas patvirtintas klinikiniais tyrimų duomenimis, kuriais remiantis, pembrolizumabas lėmė statistiškai reikšmingai ilgesnį bendrąjį išgyvenamumą ir išgyvenamumą be ligos progresavimo esant NSLPV ir aukštai PD-L1 raiškai bei sukėlė mažiau šalutinių poveikių, lyginant su chemoterapiniu gydymu platinos pagrindu. Tai saugus ir veiksmingas imunoterapinis preparatas išplitusiam arbametastazavusiam NSLPV gydyti, kai nustatoma aukšta PD-L1 raiška.
Respiracinės infekcijos sukėlėjų mikrobiologinių tyrimų diagnostinė vertė
Authors: Vitkauskienė Astra
Published: September 2020

Apatinių kvėpavimo takų infekcijos (AKT), įskaitant ūminį ir lėtinį bronchitą, visuomenėje įgyta pneumonija (VIP), ligoninėje įgyta pneumonija (kitaip dar vadinamą hospitaline pneumonija, HP) arba pneumonija imunosupresiniams bei kitomis lėtinėmis ligomis sergantiems pacientams yra dažniausios infekcijos tiek visuomenėje, tiek stacionare. Ligų prevencijos ir kontrolės centro (angl. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC) duomenimis, AKT infekcijos sukelia nuo 5 iki 10 proc. visų pacientų mirčių. Lyginant kelis dešimtmečius, pacientų populiacija sparčiai kinta. Daugėja vyresnio amžiaus, vyresnių nei 65metų, slaugos ligoninėse besigydančių, imunosupresinių pacientų, todėl AKT etiologija ir potencialių sukėlėjų spektras taip pat kinta. Klinikinė mikrobiologinė laboratorija atlieka svarbų vaidmenį nustatant šių infekcijų sukėlėjus, tačiau susiduria su daugybe iššūkių, susijusių su AKT infekcijų tyrimo sudėtingumu. Taimėginių kokybė ir įvairovė, tiriamosiosmedžiagos užteršimas orofaringine flora, įvairi galimų patogenų populiacija, įskaitant bakterijas, virusus ir grybus, kompleksinė kvėpavimo takų infekcijų patofiziologija, ypač specialiose sergančiųjų populiacijose. Dažniausi klausimai ir problemos, kurias tenka spręsti: 1. Kokia yra tikroji skreplių, dažytų Gramo būdu, mikroskopijos ir pasėlio vertė? 2. Kokia yra pusiau kiekybinių mikrobiologinių bronchų išplovų ir kiekybinių bronchoalveolinio lavažo pasėlių reikšmė? 3. Koks yra klinikinės mikrobiologijos laboratorijos vaidmuo diagnozuojant lėtinio bronchito paūmėjimą? 4. Kaip reikia optimizuoti cistine fibroze (CF) sergančių pacientų, ypač ligai paūmėjus, mikrobiologinį vertinimą?
Congestion Of Lung Assessment Examination Of Endoscopic Technique And Nonendoscopic Technique Procedures
Authors: Khurana Ananta , Sardana Kabir
Published: September 2020

The conclusion of fan related congestion of lung  stays a test in light of the fact that the clinical signs and side effects need both affectability and explicitness and the choice of microbiologic demonstrative technique is as yet a matter of discussion. Points and Target: To contemplate the job of different endoscopic technique and nonendoscopic technique indicative methods for analysis of FRC. Settings and Structure: This imminent relative examination was directed in a clinical ICU of a tertiary consideration place. There was a decent microbiologic concordance among various endoscopic technique and non-endoscopic technique distal aviation route inspecting strategies. End: NBAL is a modest, simple, and valuable procedure for microbiologic conclusion of FRC. Our discoveries, whenever confirmed, might improve the methodology for the conclusion of FRC.
The effect of active charcoal filter on viability of bacteria isolated from the tap water in Sarajevo
Authors: Ikanović Merjema , Iseni Mevlan , Adilović Muhamed , Hromić-Jahjefendić Altijana
Published: September 2020

Clean water is essential to our existence and problems might arise when it becomes contaminated with different pathogens, which might pose a threat to human health. Tap water is generally considered drinkable since it passes different forms of disinfection during processing. Some households have additional disinfection procedures, the most common one being the usage of charcoal filters, in order to further clean the tap water from both undesirable solvents and microorganisms. In the first independent study of this kind, we have tested tap water for bacteria from five different locations in Sarajevo, and we have tested the efficiency of charcoal filter in trapping of bacteria. According to regulations in Bosnia and Herzegovina, there should be 1 colony forming unit (CFU) per 50ul of water sample, which was satisfied in only one location from Sarajevo, while one had significantly higher levels (6.7, p val. 0.0148). Overall, the charcoal filter has decreased the number of bacteria in the water, with the exception of one sample.
Az Országos Idegenrendészeti Főigazgatóság megalakulása
Authors: Hornyik Zsuzsanna
Published: September 2020

The Office for Immigration and Refugee Affairs - earlier Office for Immigration and Citizenship – was formed from 1. July 2019 to a law enforcement organisation under the name National Directorate-General for Aliens Policing. At the staff meeting of the transformed organisation in June 2019 informed Dr. Sándor Pintér, minister for interior, that the change of the international conditions enforced the transformation of the organisation. In his speech he articulated that the long-term existence of illegal migration and the connecting numbers of violations of right demanded a new order of control, the implementation of the aliens policing model. For leader of the Directorate-General was appointed Dr. Attila Tamás Kiss, police brigadier general, who was previously the deputy director-general of the Office for Immigration and Refugee Affairs. A more authentic and qualified person we could not find for this interview to present the organisation. In his person we could get known someone obliged and loyal to his profession, who is able to fulfil his connecting tasks as a leader well prepared, with flexibility and creativity.
Hogyan befolyásolták egyes történelmi időszakok a migráció dinamikáját?
Authors: Szuhai Ilona
Published: September 2020

Population movements have always played an important role in world history. The main question is how history affects migration and how migration influences history. The dynamic process of migration is considered as a tool for human adaptation. Previously, the migration decision was motivated mainly by looking for better chances, in the first decades of the 21st century people leave their home due to such immediate dangers like various effects of climate change, natural disasters and weakness of states, civil war situation within a country, that is lack of economic and security stability. Although, only 3.5 percent of the world population is concerned in international migration, those migrants are concentrated on certain continents, regions and some countries. Mobility is the main character of our contemporary history. However, the new old types of international migration can be seen, like temporary or circular migration, but these phenomena are not really new. We can find their parallel patterns in important historical times.
A külföldiek integrációjának biztonságiasítása Franciaországban
Authors: Vajkai Edina
Published: September 2020

The securitization of integration is an extremely complex process, as the host state must take into account its own functioning, the needs and specialities of those willing to be integrated. We also must take into consideration the fact that immigrants are not only passive participants in the integration process, but also actively respond to both prejudices and attitudes towards them. That is why special attention must be paid to ensure that the securitization of integration does not miss the goal, i.e. does not have the opposite effect. Due to historical and geographical aspects, migration and thus integration issues playa key role in France, as the proportion of immigrants in the country as a whole is still at about 9%.
Image of a Man
Authors: Belsey Alex
Published: September 2020

The post-war British artist Keith Vaughan (1912-77) painted male figures, whether alone or in groups, as a life-long enquiry into identity, sensuality, and the sanctity of the body. Yet Vaughan was not only a supremely accomplished painter; he was an impassioned, eloquent writer. Commenced in the summer of 1939 as war across Europe seemed inevitable, Vaughan’s journal was a space in which he could articulate ideas about politics, art, love and sex during a period of great political and personal upheaval. Image of a Man is the first book to provide a comprehensive critical reading of Vaughan’s extraordinary journal, which spans thirty-eight years and sixty-one volumes to form a major literary work and a fascinating document of changing times. From close textual analysis of the original manuscripts, this book uncovers the attitudes and arguments that shaped and reshaped Vaughan’s identity as a man and as an artist. It reveals a continual process of self-construction through journal-writing, undertaken to navigate the difficulties of conscientious objection, the complications of desire as a gay man, and the challenges of making meaningful art. By focussing on Vaughan’s journal-writing in the context of its many influences and its centrality to his art practice, Image of a Man offers not only a compelling new critical biography of a significant yet underappreciated artist, but also a sustained argument on the constructed nature of the ‘artist’ persona in early and mid-twentieth-century culture – and the opportunities afforded by life-writing, specifically journal and diary forms, to make such constructions possible.
Family businesses, working lives and civic activism
Authors: Johnson Alice
Published: September 2020

This chapter looks at the role of the business community and charts both the business and civic activity of members of the Belfast business elite. It gives overview of the economic and business culture in which the middle-classes lived and worked. Rather than an economic history of the city, it offers a people-centric view of the city and its economic environment. The focus is on three lesser-known business families of Belfast – the Workmans, Corrys and McCances. Particular attention is paid to the Workman and Corry businesses which together highlight the close-knit nature of the local economy, the interrelatedness of family businesses and the strong connections between industrialists in Belfast and their counterparts in Scotland. Like many of Belfast’s industrial elite, the Presbyterian Workman and Corry families moved to the up-and-coming town at the very beginning of the century to take advantage of the opportunities it had to offer. The first part of the chapter outlines these family businesses and the ways in which they were representative of the city’s business elite. The second part of the chapter discusses the civic activism in which these and other middle-class families engaged.
A ‘Northern Athens’? Cultural and intellectual life
Authors: Johnson Alice
Published: September 2020

In the Victorian period, Belfast was known as the ‘Northern Athens’ – a title which referred to the city’s cultural and intellectual credentials. The term was still being used in the early twentieth century. Yet in the second half of the nineteenth century, as the city’s cultural societies struggled to survive, Belfast’s cultural claims were increasingly under question. By the end of the century it was felt that Belfast was now known more for its hard-headed business character than for its culture. This chapter assesses the cultural and intellectual life of Victorian Belfast and questions the validity of the ‘cultural centre to cultural desert’ narrative. It offers a nuanced discussion of the city’s cultural strengths and weaknesses and those of comparable provincial centres elsewhere. Cultural and scientific associations are examined in some detail; and theatre, music, literature and newspapers are all covered. In addition, the mental intellectual landscape of Belfast’s middle-class elite is discussed.
Women and family
Authors: Johnson Alice
Published: September 2020

Using primary sources including diaries and letters, this chapter sheds considerable light on the female intellectual and cultural sphere. A wide-ranging discussion of middle-class women living in an Irish urban context is offered here. Although Victorian elite women left a much lighter record than that of men, private correspondence from the large Workman family and Mary Watts’ diary and biography provide a fascinating insight into the female sphere as it existed in the town. Women’s experience of education, culture, singleness, courtship, marriage, motherhood and philanthropy are all discussed in this chapter, raising questions about levels of female independence, self-worth and participation in the public sphere. Fatherhood and childhood are also discussed in this chapter.
Leftovers
Authors: Cruickshank Ruth
Published: September 2020

Eating and drinking are essential to survival. Yet for human animals, they are ambivalent, proliferating with ideological, historical and psychological leftovers. This study reveals and mobilizes the provisional meanings, repressed experiences and unacknowledged tensions bound up with representations of food, drink and their consumption. It creates a flexible critical framework by bringing together an unexploited convergence of post-war French thinkers who use – or whose thought is legible through – figures of eating and drinking, including Barthes, Bataille, Beauvoir, Bourdieu, Certeau, Cixous, Derrida, Fischler, Giard, Kristeva, Lacan, Lefebvre, Lévi-Strauss, Mayol and Sartre. New combinations emerge for elucidating the intersecting effects of: incorporation; constructs of class, gender and racial difference; bad faith; distinction; secondary ideological signifying systems; provisional meanings bound up with linguistic traces; economies of excess; everyday ‘making-do’; the ethics of consuming the other; the return of the repressed; lack; abjection; notions of ‘eating on the sly’, ‘mother’s milk’, the ‘omnivore’s paradox’ and ‘gastro-anomie’. Possibilities for re-thinking with eating and drinking are further exemplified in cases studies of novels in which – often beyond authorial intentions – food and drink are structurally important and interpretatively plural: Robbe-Grillet’s Les Gommes/The Erasers (1953); Ernaux’s Les Armoires vides/Cleaned Out (1974); Darrieussecq’s Truismes/Pig Tales (1996); and Houellebecq’s
La Carte et le territoire/The Map and the Territory (2010). New understandings of post-war French cultural production are revealed. But above all, the analyses demonstrate the potential – across genres, periods and places – for literary, comparative, cultural, film, gender and food studies of re-thinking with eating and drinking.
Improving Taxonomic Name Finding in the Biodiversity Heritage Library
Authors: Richard Joel
Published: September 2020

As the world’s largest open access digital library for biodiversity literature and archives, the Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL) provides access to over a quarter-million volumes of natural history literature to researchers around the world. One of its services is to index taxonomic names in the collection to allow researchers to locate publications about specific taxa. The Global Names Architecture (GNA) is a system of web services to register, find, index, check and organize biological scientific names. GNA recently developed a new Name Finding algorithm and tool that has been integrated with BHL to improve taxonomic name searches within BHL. In our presentation, we will discuss a brief history of name finding in BHL, development of the Name Finding algorithm, results from implementing the algorithm, and challenges that still await us in the realm of taxonomic name finding in BHL.
Improvement of Bachelors' Professional Mathematical Competence in the Field of Modeling for Oil and Gas industry
Authors: Kozlov Anatoly , Tamer Olga , Lapteva Svetlana
Published: September 2020

The study is devoted to improving the professional training of students in the field of mathematical modeling in the oil and gas industry. Deeper integration into the training of modern statistical methods and models is used to improve the educational efficiency and develop mathematical models of technological processes of the oil and gas industry. To test the proposed models, a pedagogical experiment with 189 students aged 19 to 21 is performed. The research is based on the November Institute of Oil and Gas in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District. The outcomes of training under the new program are evaluated at three levels of competency formation in accordance with the university’s assessment systems. This approach ensures a level playing field for all respondents. The relevance of improving the competence of students in the field of mathematics is proved through the increase in grades at all three levels of competency formation.The study describes in detail the system of profile differentiation of the mathematical training, which is based on a modular competency approach and compares various approaches and methods of professional competence formation among oil and gas workers.
A Biologically Inspired ELM-based Framework for Classification of Brain MRIs
Authors: Pati Sarada Prasanna , Mishra Debahuti , Borah Samarjeet
Published: September 2020

Use of medical images for clinical analysis of various critical diseases have become increasingly predominant in modern health care systems. Application of machine learning technique in this context evolves as a potential solution in terms providing faster output with high diagnostic accuracy. In this work we propose an Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) based classifier SFLA-ELM for detection of normal and pathological brain condition from brain Magnetic Resonance Images (MRIs). ELM is known for its speed and accuracy whereas the proposed method uses a swarm based evolutionary technique Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm (SFLA) and 10-fold cross validation method to optimally determine the network parameter of the ELM for better classification performance. The proposed model is experimented on three different brain MRI datasets of three different brain diseases. To get better approximation accuracy and generalization ability for the base ELM classifier, the suitable activation function and the appropriate number of hidden layer nodes are chosen. The performance validation of the proposed framework is done under two different network conditions, i.e. fixed network structure and varying network structure, by comparing its performance with two standard hybridized ELM classifiers, namely, PSO-ELM and ABC-ELM. The comparative performance analysis suggests that the proposed SFLS-ELM gives better classification performance in diagnosing the diseases in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F-score and Area under ROC curve (AUC).Furthermore, the SFLA-ELM also found to offer better generalization ability and better stability with more compact network structure.A Biologically Inspired ELM-based Framework for Classification of Brain MRIs
Allées d’arbres en Europe et espèces des Listes rouges – De la connaissance à l’action
Authors: Pradines Chantal 
Published: September 2020

Les allées d’arbres constituent un patrimoine culturel, paysager et environnemental des territoires ruraux comme urbains, protégé par divers codes de l’environnement européens. Les études sur le rôle spécifique des allées pour la préservation de la biodiversité sont trop peu nombreuses selon les pays. L’objectif de la présente contribution est de rendre compte du rôle important des allées d’arbres, tous environnements confondus, en tant qu’habitat et corridor pour de nombreuses espèces de Coléoptères, Hétérocères, Chiroptères, Lichens ou Bryophytes des Listes rouges. L’étude ne prétend pas à l’exhaustivité, le propos étant de faire connaître le rôle des allées d’arbres en matière de biodiversité, la nécessité d’enrichir les connaissances sur le sujet et les implications que cela a en termes de gestion. La triple nature de patrimoine culturel, paysager et environnemental des allées impose, pour la gestion, des arbitrages au cas par cas en fonction des objectifs recherchés.
A Review to Leverage the Integration of Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: manjula rangu
Published: September 2020

Information is the input for several transactions in blockchain technology and AI algorithms. Information in the net is scattered everyplace and controlled by totally different stakeholders. The net is hard to authorize or validate. In this chapter, the authors have a tendency to propose a completely unique approach. Bury Planetary Classification System and Ethereum offer safer information storing, sharing, computing within the large-scale net atmosphere. Here the authors have a tendency to square measure desegregation of two key components: 1) blockchain-based information sharing with possession guarantee and trustworthy information sharing within the large-scale atmosphere to make real huge information and 2) AI-based mostly secured computing technology to supply a lot of intelligent security policies to make a trustworthy net. Bury Planetary classification system makes it attainable to distribute high volumes of knowledge with high potency and no duplication.