bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Socialinių mokslų būklė ir globalizacija
Authors: Gylys Povilas
Published: June 2020

Globalization and evolving knowledge society are the major fundamental challenge to the social science. Diversification of social life on the all levels of reality - individual, family, community, state, mankind - opens new opportunities and give birth to the new threats. To grasp these two - positive and negative - sides of our life the more precise, relevant cognitive means are needed. Better conceptualized, free of ideological and political influences, cleaned from elements of common sense, conventional wisdom social knowledge would better conform to the requirements of “pure” science and would become more reliable source of viable, effective policies pursued by national states and international organizations.One of preconditions of the success of social science is the settlement of old paradigmatic competition between methodological individualism and methodological holism. Both have mooted historical records. Soviet experiment was based mainly on holistic assumptions; market fundamentalism is the natural outcome (product) of individualistic thinking.Methodological (metatheorical) exploration of all these problems faced by social sciences, though costly they are, would give better cognitive perspective to them, would “harden” them.Having said this we would like to stress that social sciences will never achieve the level of ”hardness” attributed to natural sciences and first of all physics. Social sciences explore social reality which is qualitatively differs from non-living world. The latter is much more weakly structured, less deterministic, pulsating, the link between action and response is not linear etc.The quality social knowledge is a public good, which can contribute substantially to the social progress. Unfortunately in the framework of individualistic thinking the notion of public good is marginalized and knowledge is not treated as economic resource. Author of this article join those researchers who argue for holistic perception of social reality which provides better, wider understanding of modern world and thereby provides more solid foundation for relevant state and global policies.
Žemės ūkio apskaitos moksliniai tyrimai Lietuvoje
Authors: Bružauskas Valentinas , Zinkevičienė Danutė
Published: June 2020

Straipsnio tikslas - atskleisti Lietuvoje tarybiniu laikotarpiu ir po nepriklausomybės atkūrimo atliktų mokslinių žemės ūkio apskaitos tyrimų turinį, teigiamus jų rezultatus, tyrimo rezultatų įgyvendinimą ir nurodyti spręstinas problemas. Tyrimo objektas - žemės ūkio apskaitos tematika parengtos disertacijos, taikomieji moksliniai tyrimai ir mokslinio praktinio pobūdžio leidiniai. Tyrimo metodai: istorinis, lyginamasis, loginės analizės ir sintezės, kt.
Quo Vadis, qualitologia?
Authors: Ruževičius Juozas
Published: June 2020

Straipsnyje analizuojami kokybės vadybos, kaip mokslo ir studijų disciplinos, raidos ir turinio klausimai, analizuojami kokybės vadybininkų universitetinio rengimo tobulinimo aspektai. Straipsnis parengtas naudojantis mokslinės, metodologinės ir teisės literatūros analize. Vakarų universitetų ir kokybės vadybos mokslo ir verslo tarptautinių organizacijų, verslo įmonių gerosios patirties apibendrinimais bei autoriaus atliktų kokybės sisteminių tyrimų rezultatais. Autorius išplečia tradicinę kokybės sampratą socialinės kokybės (valdžios ir viešojo sektoriaus organizacijų kokybė, žmogaus ir visuomenės kokybė, gyvenimo kokybė, organizacijų socialinė atsakomybė, verslo, valdžios institucijų bei visuomenės partnerystė ir kt.) aspektais, pateikia visuotinės kokybės vadybos (VKV), gyvenimo kokybės, socialinės atsakomybės sampratos detalizavimą. Nors VU Ekonomikos fakulteto kokybės vadybos magistro programa 2004 m. gavo tarptautinę akreditaciją ir palankiai įvertinta ekspertų, autorius teikia siūlymų, kaip toliau gerinti kokybės vadybininkų rengimą, atsižvelgiant į naujus ekonomikos globalizacijos, darbo rinkos ir moksliosios visuomenės kūrimo iššūkius. Straipsnyje taip pat pateiktas autoriaus siūlomas VKV ir žinių vadybos integravimo modelis.
Development of Business Partner Selection
Authors: Bivainis Juozas
Published: June 2020

The paper presents an integrative approach to business partner selection. aimed at increasing the economic validity of decision-making. The proposed model consists of the following six interrelated components: searching for partners, preliminary selection, complex assessment, negotiating with potential partners, signing of contracts, monitoring of contract implementation. Links among the components and solution of all the above tasks using the model are supported by an integrated database of partnership objects and potential as well as actual business partners. In this context assessment of business partners is considered as a multicriteria task of ranking alternatives. The similarity function of partnership objects as well as a three-level-criteria system are adapted for solving this task. A case study is conducted to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed model, and the test results confirm its suitability.
Pasikeitusio prekybos režimo poveikis Lietuvos tekstilės ir siuvimo pramonei
Authors: Miškinis Algirdas , Kasnauskienė Gindra , Vaiginienė Erika
Published: June 2020

Straipsnyje nagrinėjama, kokią įtaką tradiciškai svarbiam Lietuvos tekstilės ir siuvimo sektoriui turėjo narystė Europos Sąjungoje (ES) ir tekstilės gaminių importo liberalizavimas nuo 2005 m. sausio 1 dienos. Siekiant objektyviai įvertinti šių pokyčių poveikį, remiantis Eurostato duomenimis analizuojami Lietuvos ir Europos Sąjungos tekstilės ir siuvimo gaminių importo srautai pagal tekstilės gaminių kategorijas ir šalis atsižvelgiant į prekių kiekį ir jų vertę 2004 ir 2005 metais. Straipsnio tikslas - išnagrinėti susiklosčiusią padėti Lietuvos tekstilės ir siuvimo sektoriuje po kvotų panaikinimo, įvertinti šio sektoriaus gamybos ir eksporto plėtros galimybes. Tai pirmasis straipsnis mokslinėje periodinėje literatūroje, kuriame įvertinami kvotų panaikinimo padariniai Lietuvos prekybai tekstilės ir aprangos gaminiais.
Marketing Solutions in Rural Tourism Development in Lithuania
Authors: Ramanauskienė Jadvyga , Ramanauskas Julius , Gargasas Audrius
Published: June 2020

In the contemporary world, an increasing number of enterprises, including rural tourism businesses, employ marketing methods and knowledge in their activities. Rural tourism has an exclusive link with nature. For this reason its services became very popular. Its development is furthered by the right marketing system and an expedient EU and national support. Rural tourism becomes a new field of activities, which makes good income and returns in rural areas and enables to change from agricultural production to service trade. It is an extra income for farmers or other agrarian people. In addition, rural tourism provides social and cultural benefits, i.e. social contacts between local population and tourists, an augmented perception of the importance and preservation of cultural heritage, stronger communication among local people. Local communities are able to develop economics in the area, to improve living standards and to preserve cultural heritage and social values. Therefore, rural tourism development, preconditioning improvement of living standards of tourists and local people, increasingly becomes an object of scientific and practical discussions. In the article, the authors analysers rural tourism development, reveal its problems and marketing tasks. The aim of the study was to formulate the measures of improving the marketing solutions in rural tourism development.
Lietuvos vartotojų preferencijos ir pasirengimas mokėti už “žaliąją” energiją
Authors: Štreimikienė Dalia , Pušinaitė Rasa
Published: June 2020

Straipsnio tikslas - įvertinti Lietuvos gyventojų suvokimą apie “žaliosios” energijos teikiamą naudą bei įvertinti jų galimybes ir pasiryžimą pirkti “žaliąją” elektros energiją. Gyventojų suvokimas apie “žaliosios” energijos teikiamą naudą labai svarbus, pasaulyje vis labiau plintant etiniams aplinkosaugos politikos metodams, kai ūkio subjektai, niekieno neverčiami savanoriškai mažina taršą, nes tai kelia jų prestižą visuomenėje ir didina įmonių konkurencingumą, o gyventojai savanoriškai perka “žaliąją” energiją, mokėdami didesnę kainą ir taip skatina jos gamintojus, nes nori užtikrinti švarią aplinką, kurioje patys gyvena. Lietuvos gyventojai dabaru negali nusipirkti “žaliosios” energijos, nes elektros rinka Lietuvoje nėra visiškai atverta. Nuo 2007 m. visi elektros energijos vartotojai, iš jų ir gyventojai, galės laisvai pasirinkti tiekėją, todėl jau dabar reikia rengtis šios rinkos atvėrimui ir ugdyti gyventojų teigiamą požiūrį į “žaliąją” energiją bei pasiryžimą ją pirkti ir net mokėti brangiau nei už iš tradicinių šaltinių pagamintą energiją.
An Economic Approach to Family Institution: Regulation of Spouses’ Property Relations in the Republic of Lithuania
Authors: Perkumienė Dalia , Čiulevičienė Vida
Published: June 2020

The paper analyses the problem which is relevant both theoretically and practically, since it tries to disclose family as an economic institution credited with important financial advantages, and it provides different economic and social benefits such as tax exemptions, inheritance, child and spouse maintenance, social security and immsigration. This position is revealed analysing the regulation of legal property relations between spouses by laws, various scientific and legal literary works related to this topic as well as court practice.At the moment of marriage commencement, property relations used to acquire a significant value in a major part of traditional societies: in some countries, bride’s parents would award their daughters with dowry, the size of which very often determined the groom’s choice; in other countries, especially in the East, a groom would pay a ransom for his bride. In some countries such customs are extant to the present day and constitute a traditional part of a marriage settlement. In different cultures the bride’s parents must give away part of their property to the newlyweds (known as a dowry). The dowrygiving practice is similar in such countries as Greece, Egypt, India, and China. The type of property called wife’s property exists in the countries of different religions and customs. For instance, the Hindu law entitles the wife’s property as Stridhanam.
Assessing Lithuania’s Competitiveness in the Context of EU Enlargement
Authors: Karpavičius Henrikas
Published: June 2020

After Lithuania’s accession to the EU, the participation of Lithuanian enterprises in a very sizeable intra-EU trade, unrestricted by protectionist measures, acquires an ever greater importance. In 2005, Lithuania’s exports to the EU amounted to 65% of total exports, whereas imports reached 60%. These figures would seem at first sight to reflect positively on Lithuania’s competitiveness in the EU and confirm the assertions of many prominent economists about the multi-faceted benefits of foreign trade to its preachers.To gain a deeper understanding of Lithuania’s comparative advantage, a detailed analysis by product groups has been conducted, using the metrics of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Relative Trade Balance (RTB). Quantifying comparative advantage is particularly important to small and rapidly growing economies that are still looking to define their both short- and long-term economic development priorities.The developments of intra-EU trade are affected by a multitude of factors, however, we single out the effects of opening of the EU market to imports from new ‘economic centres’, especially China, because of the competitive threat it poses to countries like Lithuania. In this context, our analysis using RCA and RTB metrics highlights unfavourable, both direct and indirect, tendencies for Lithuania. Looking at Sino-Lithuanian trade in goods that account for the lion’s share of Lithuania’s total exports (textile, machines and mechanical equipment, electrical equipment, transport vehicles and equipment, and furniture), it becomes clear that the trade balance in these goods is shifting not in Lithuania’s favour. Furthermore, a breath-taking growth in the Sino-EU trade and, in particular, EU’s deteriorating trade balance with China in the aforementioned goods categories over the 2003-2005 period raises serious questions about the future of Lithuania’s export industries.The structural analysis of Lithuania’s foreign trade using the BEC (Broad Economic Categories) classification reveals a slightly positive RTB value in the ‘consumption goods’ category, but a substantially negative value in the ‘intermediate’ and ‘investment goods’ categories. This seems to confirm the conclusions reached in a study by European Commission in 2005, that the new member states (including Lithuania), owing to their exports of low to medium grade goods by technological sophistication, will be severely pressurised by competition from China and other fast-developing countries.Analysis of foreign direct investment (FDl) flows by economic sectors does not provide evidence that major changes in the export structure are underway to mitigate the effects of competition with China and other fast-growing countries.
Analitinės minties Lietuvoje ugdytojas
Authors: Galinienė Birutė
Published: June 2020

2007 m. vasario 4 d. prof. habil. dr. Stanislovas Martišius šventė gražų 70-ies metų jubiliejų. Profesorius daugeli metų sėkmingai dirbo mokslinį ir akademinį darbą Lietuvos mokslų akademijos Ekonomikos institute ir Vilniaus universiteto Ekonomikos fakultete, sėkmingai derindamas pedagoginę, visuomeninę veiklą ir administracines pareigas. Mokslinė jo veikla skiriama į kelis etapus: pirmame veiklos etape (1961-1976) vykdyti gamybos kiekybinės ekonominės analizės, ūkio statistikos teorijos ir metodų plėtojimo, ekonominių metodų taikymo ir jų propagavimo srities moksliniai tyrimai; antrajame (1977-1981) - mokslinė veikla sutelkta socialinių sričių prognozavimo metodų, ekonometrinio prognozavimo problemų, dinaminei ūkinių procesų analizei.Prof. S. Martišius savo straipsniais, knygomis, monografijomis sėkmingai ir rezultatyviai pratęsė Alb. Rimkos, Vl. Jurgučio, kitų politikų mokslini palikimą ekonomikos, ūkio statistikos ir politikos srityse, pratęsė ir išplėtojo metodinius ir metodologinius ieškojimus ekonominės analizės, statistinių indeksų, prognozavimo srityse; vienas iš pirmųjų pradėjo platesnius Lietuvos ekonomistų analitinės minties tyrinėjimus. Už paminėtus ir kitus nuopelnus prof. S. Martišiui paskirta Alb. Rimkos vardinė premija.Prof. S. Martišius pats daug ir produktyviai dirbdamas ir 15 metų vadovaudamas Statistikos katedrai sėkmingai sutelkė šiam darbui ir katedros kolektyvą. Kartu su Vilniaus universiteto Ekonomikos fakulteto Statistikos katedros (dabar Kiekybinių metodų ir modeliavimo katedra) darbuotojais parengė kelias monografijas, mokomąsias knygas. Paskutinio dešimtmečio pagrindinė prof. S. A. Martišiaus mokslinių tyrimų kryptis - taikomoji statistikos teorija, ekonomikos mokslų metodologija, Lietuvos ekonominės minties istorija. Statistikos teorija - empirinio socialinio pažinimo metodologija - toks pagrindinis jubiliato braižas aptariant statistikos teoriją kaip metodologinį mokslą.Prof. S. Martišius savo mokslinę ir visuomeninę veiklą puikiai derino su atsakingomis Statistikos katedros vedėjo pareigomis ir sumaniu vadovavimu Ekonomikos fakultetui (12 metų). Linkime profesoriui S. Martišiui toliau plėtoti naują ekonominį mąstymą, tuo prisidėti prie Lietuvos ekonomikos ir visuomenės gyvenimo kokybės gerinimo.
Lietuvos ir Latvijos antros pakopos kaupiamųjų pensijų fondų veiklos ypatumų įvertinimas
Authors: Bartkus Algirdas
Published: June 2020

Pensijų sistemos reforma senėjančiose visuomenėse yra viena iš aktualiausių socialinės apsaugos temų. Šio straipsnio tikslas - palyginti Lietuvos ir Latvijos antros pakopos kaupiamųjų pensijų fondų sistemas (toliau vadinama pensijų kaupimo sistema), įvertinti teisinio reglamentavimo, visuomenės nuomonės, investuotojų preferencijų ir tarptautinio investicijų portfelio diversifikavimo įtaką Lietuvos ir Latvijos antros pakopos kaupiamųjų pensijų fondų (toliau vadinama pensijų fondai) rezultatams, veiklos specifikai ir ypatybėms, taip pat pensijų fondų veiklos efektyvumą ir pensijų kaupimo sistemos rizikingumą. Analizuojama tema labai svarbi, nes pensijų fondais senėjančiose visuomenėse yra sudaryta galimybė perskirstyti lėšas, skirtas pensijų draudimui iš laikotarpių, pasižyminčių gera demografine padėtimi, į laikotarpius, kai demografinė padėtis prasta. Straipsnis aktualus tuo, kad jame įvertinti vienos šalies pensijų kaupimo rezultatai, palyginti su kitos šalies rezultatais, t. y. dviejų pokomunistinių šalių pavyzdžiu analizuojama pensijų kaupimo sistema, kurios dėka dalį pajamų senatvėje sudarys iš privataus sektoriaus veiklos sukauptos lėšos. Šios sistemos rezultatai, rizikos valdymas ir kiti veiklos aspektai yra svarbūs parametrai, nustatant tolesnes pensijų kaupimo sistemos raidos gaires. Mokslinė straipsnio problematika atskleidžiama, padedant pagrindus pensijų fondų veiklos efektyvumui ir pensijų kaupimo sistemos rizikai įvertinti. Pagrindiniai straipsnyje naudojami analizės būdai ir metodai yra: aprašomasis, loginis, laiko eilučių ir elementarus matematinis. Lyginamoji Lietuvos ir Latvijos pensijų kaupimo sistemų analizė padeda įvertinti pensijų fondų veiklos efektyvumą, pensijų kaupimo sistemos rizikingumą ir veiksnius, paskatinusius reformuoti pensijų sistemas.
Verslo socialinės atsakomybės teorijų raida
Authors: Juščius Vytautas
Published: June 2020

Straipsnyje nagrinėjama verslo socialinės atsakomybės sampratos ir įtakos kaita paplitusių ekonomikos ir vadybos teorijų kontekste. Analizuojami valstybės institucijų, piliečių ir jų organizacijų verslo santykiai, atskleidžiamos verslo socialinių funkcijų traktuotės evoliucionuojant rinkos ūkiui. Korporacijų socialinės atsakomybės koncepcija buvo išplėtota antrojoje XX amžiaus pusėje, tačiau verslo socialinių funkcijų klausimo ištakos - anglų klasikinės politinės ekonomijos atstovų darbai. Svarbiu įmonių socialinės atsakomybės tyrinėjimo etapu tapo suinteresuotųjų grupių teorijos plėtra ir raida. Įmonės išteklių požiūrio teorijoje išryškėjo tendencija verslo socialinį atsakingumą grįsti finansine nauda. Net tradicinės neoklasikinės ekonominės minties atstovų darbuose gausėja argumentų, pateisinančių įmonių socialinių programų kaštus ilgą laikotarpį. Lietuvoje socialinės atsakomybės tyrimai plėtojami žmoniškųjų išteklių teorijos kontekste.
Išorės audito užuomazgos tarpukario Lietuvoje
Authors: Lakis Vaclovas
Published: June 2020

Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas ekonominės kontrolės atsiradimas ir raida tarpukario Lietuvoje, lyginama ekonominę kontrolę vykdančių institucijų padėtis ir funkcijos su dabar veikiančių analogiškų institucijų padėtimi ir funkcijomis. Aptariami kontrolės institucijų darbuotojų įgaliojimai ir darbo metodai.Remiantis archyviniais duomenimis, tarpukaryje galiojusiais įstatymais ir publikacijomis nustatytas ekonominės kontrolės transformacijos į šiuolaikinį auditą mechanizmas ir problemos.
DEVELOPMENT OF INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN ARABIC-INDONESIAN TRANSLATION BASED ON COLLABORATIVE LEARNING
Authors: Setiadi Syamsi
Published: June 2020

The ability to translate is one of the language skills that involves two languages both source language and the target language. This skill requires a good mastery of both languages, so it takes a lot of practice and adequate exercise. Learning Arabic-Indonesian translation based on a collaborative learning approach is one way that can be taken to improve the students’ ability in translating. This research was conducted to develop an instructional design model of Arabic-Indonesian translation based on the collaborative learning method. The research method applied was the Research and Development. The data collection techniques were observations, interviews, and questionnaires. The data analysis of qualitative and quantitative approaches was employed. Based on the results obtained that there is a significant increase students' ability in translating Arabic text into the text of Indonesia based on the significance test the average difference using t-test obtained t-test of 11.02 greater than t-table 2.68, which means that there are significant differences between the average value of the pretest and posttest. Based on the research finding, a conclusion can be drawn that field development constitutes the product of the learning model of Arabic-Indonesian translation for Arabic Department students of Jakarta State University.
IKTISYÂF AL-ISTI’ÂRAH FÎ YÂSÎN FADHÎLAH MIN DHAU NAZHARIYYAH ABD AL-QAHIR AL-JURJANI
Authors: Herdiansyah Pradibyo , Basid Abdul
Published: June 2020

This study aims to reveal; 1) the structure and characteristics of the style of Isti'ârah (metaphor), 2)  causes of beauty and implications of using Isti'ârah on meaning in Yâsîn Fadhîlah based on the theoretical perspective of Abd al-Qahir al-Jurjani. Researchers use descriptive qualitative research method by narrating the analysis of the object of study. The results showed some types of structure of Isti'arah al-Jurjani in verse and Yasin Fadhilah prayer, namely Isti'ârah which gives meaning benefit, Isti'ârah in verbs and nouns, Isti'ârah which similar form similarity, Isti'ârah whose form of similarity in the form of the meaning of nature, and Isti'ârah whose form of similarity is taken from the sensory and non-sensory delusion. The characteristics of Isti'ârah in Yâsîn Fadhîlah is the appointment of short, concise, hyperbolic style in showing the greatness of God as well as the conditions and torture of the unbelievers.
TAHLÎL MULÂIMAH BUNÛD IKHTIBÂR AL-LUGHAH AL-‘ARABIYYAH AL-NIHÂÎ AL-WATHANÎ LI MANHAJ MUSTAWÂ AL-WAHDAH AL-TA’LÎMIYYAH (KTSP) WA TASHNÎF BLOOM AL-MU’ADDAL
Authors: Bahruddin Uril , Qodri Muhammad
Published: June 2020

This study aims to describe the suitability of Arabic language question item with educational unit level curriculum (KTSP) and Bloom’s taxonomy at the Final National Standard Madrasah (UAMBN) at Senior High School. This study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive type. Data was collected from exam documents on 2009/2010 and analysed using Krippendorff’s theory of content analysis . The findings of this study are (1) question items of Arabic language test of UAMBN academic year 2011/2012 for Senior High School level is suitable with Education Unit Level Curriculum in which the question items include: a) language element, and language skill (question items of reading and writing skills) that suitable with standard competency and basic competency. However, those question items are not including question items of phonetic and question items of listening and speaking skills. b) the suitable theme represented in each Standard Competency and Basic Competency from the first grade to third grade. (2) there is a correspondence between items of question that have met  LOTS, MOTS  and some HOTS.
ON THE TYPOLOGY OF THE NEGATION MARKER MÂ IN MODERN ARABIC DIALECTS: KUWAITI, JORDANIAN, SUDANESE, AND YEMENI
Authors: Al-Rawafi Abdulkhaleq Ali , Pujiati Tri , Sudana Dadang
Published: June 2020

Modern Arabic Dialects (MADs) have an identical morphological system with some similarities and differences in the choice of the negation morphemes. The main concern of this paper is to discuss the typological properties of the negation morpheme mâ- ما and its variation in four Modern Arabic Dialects (MADs), JA (Jordanian Arabic), KA (Kuwaiti Arabic), SA (Sudanese Arabic), and YA (Yemeni Arabic) taking into account two negation strategies identified by Brustad (2000), namely Verbal Negation and Predicate Negation. Specifically, the study will shed light on the types and positions of the negation morphemes regarding VN and PN strategies. The study employed a descriptive-analytical approach. The data were taken from previous studies on negation in MADs and online sources, i.e., published articles and YouTube. The study found that when the negation morpheme mâ - ما is used as a one-negation system or a two-negation system, as a verbal and predicate negation, it changes to the negation morpheme mâ- ما due to phonological conditions and its pre-verbal position. The study concluded that three negation templates might be generalized in the four dialects, namely one-morpheme template, two-morpheme-template, and predicate negation template. Moreover, blocking of the negation morpheme movement in the sentences happens to do to phonological conditions.
ISTIKHDÂM AL-TA’ÂBÎR AL-ISHTHILÂHIYYAH WA AL-SIYÂQIYYAH LI AL-MUTA’ALLIQ BI HURÛF AL-JARR FÎ RASÂIL THALABAH AL-BAKÂLÛRIÛS BI KULIYYAH AL-TARBIYAH BI JÂMI’AH SUNAN GUNUNG DJATI BANDUNG
Authors: Wahyudin Dedih , Kosim Nanang
Published: June 2020

This study aims to determine the errors of students in using contextual and idiomatic expressions in Arabic student theses of Education Faculty of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung and to describe the factors that influence the errors. The method used is content analysis and data was analyzed qualitatively. All contextual and idiomatic expressions in the theses of students will be analyzed and combined with Arabic dictionary. Data source is 20 students’ theses. The results showed that errors are still found in contextual and idiomatic expressions, so the meaning of the sentence is not appropriate. The students got difficulties to distinguish both contextual expression and idiomatic expression of huruf jarr usage in writing sentences. The function of huruf jarr is still strange for them. Basicly, it was influenced by several factors, mainly the influence of Indonesian language which is very dominant, in addition to the fact that less students are given sufficient training to use huruf jarr.
Comprehensive chromatographic profiling of cannabis from 23 USA States marketed for medical purposes
Authors: Al Bakain Ramia Z. , Al-Degs Yahya S. , Cizdziel James V. , Elsohly Mahmoud A.
Published: June 2020

In this research, cannabis varieties represent 23 USA States were assayed by GC-FID to generate their complex chemical profiles informative for plants clustering. Results showed that 45 cannabinoids and terpenoids were quantified in all plant samples, where 8 cannabinoids and 18 terpenoids were identified. Among organics, Δ9-THC, CBN (cannabinoids) and Fenchol (terpenoid) not only showed the highest levels overall contents, but also were the most important compounds for cannabis clustering. Among States, Washington, Oregon, California and Hawaii have the highest cannabis content. GC-FID data were subjected to PCA and HCA to find (1) the variations among cannabis chemical profiles as a result of growing environment, (2) to reveal the compounds that were responsible for grouping cultivars between clusters and (3) finally, to facilitate the future profile prediction and States clustering of unknown cannabis based on the chemical profile. The 23 cannabis USA States were grouped into three clusters based on only Δ9-THC, CBN, C1 and Fenchol content. Cannabis classification based on GC-profile will meet the practical needs of cannabis applications in clinical research, industrial production, patients' self-production, and contribute to the standardization of commercially-available cannabis cultivars in USA.
Principal Components and Classification Analysis of Manganese Content in Spring of Perennial Grassland Forage from Microecosystems of Banat Hills
Authors: HARMANESCU Monica
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this research was to monitor the manganese (Mn) content of forage from perennial grassland microecosystems situated in the west part of Romania. Mineral and organic fertilization, since 2003, influenced the microecosystems conditions. It was used fermented sheep manure as organic fertilizer. Calamagrostis epigejos, Festuca rupicola and Trifolium repens represented mainly the Poaceae and Fabaceae families of grassland floristic matrix. It was determined the spring Mn content in the middle and at the end of May by ContrAA300 High-Resolution Continuum Source spectrometer of Analytik Jena. It was selected a number of 17 variables to compute the PC&CA model. The first three components described around 75% of total variance. The correlation coefficients for spring Mn contents of forage and mineral fertilization data were high, in 0.6 – 0.9 range. The correlation coefficients between fermented sheep manure data and spring Mn contents of forage were negatively.
The Effect of CAP Policy Incentives for the Environmental and Economic Performance of Cereal Farms in South-Central Bulgaria
Authors: TOPCHIEVA Mariya
Published: June 2020

This paper aims to assess the effects of three mechanisms of the Common Agricultural Policy incentivizing environmentally friendly farming practices, on a model cereal farm’s environmental and economic performance. Based on linear goal programming method and input data on the farm’s size, production system, crop yield and gross margin per crop, the model optimizes the farm’s production structure. The results indicate that the availability of support is essential for the economic results of cereal farms in South-Central Bulgaria. Generally, higher gross margin corresponds to higher greenhouse gas emissions and vice versa. Nevertheless, the addition of policy support decreases the degree of this dependency by improving the profitability of some less GHG-intensive crops. This allows farmers to consider more environmentally-friendly crops and production practices without having to cut profits. An optimal balance between farms’ environmental and economic performance is crucial in order for agriculture to continue to support vital ecosystem services.
Exploitation and Management of Low Input Grassland Systems
Authors: VIDICAN Roxana , CARLIER Lucien , ROTAR Ioan , MĂLINAȘ Anamaria
Published: June 2020

By this research the authors aimed to analyse the evolution and management of low-input grassland from a specific area in the Apuseni Mountains, in order to define what can be the result of a low input grassland system on the botanical composition of the grasslands and on the income of the farmers. In addition a full description of Flanders area with special attention to its grassland management is given, such that one can make a comparation between those two different cultures: the Province of East Flanders, Belgium and the area of Apuseni Mountains, Cluj County, Romania. Flanders (Belgium) and the area of Cluj County, Apuseni Mountains (Romania), are completely different not only in terms of their people with their own life-styles and culture, but also in terms of uses and management of arable land and grasslands.
The Inventory of Large Carnivores and Conflict Avoidance Measures from Natura 2000 Cold Someş
Authors: PROOROCU Marian , AVRAM Cristina Maria , TUPIŢĂ Maria
Published: June 2020

The main measures for the protection and conservation of large mammals are: the avoidance of illegal logging and thisings leading to fragmentation and even the disappearance of habitats, rational management of the trophic base represented by wild herbivores, in the case of large carnivores, elimination/reduction of poaching and control of hunting activities, etc.
Urban Rehabilitation of the Unirii Square in Cluj-Napoca
Authors: COTOZ Alex Péter , DAN Valentin Sebastian , CANTOR Maria
Published: June 2020

To improve the design of the Unirii Square from Cluj-Napoca both aesthetically and functionally, principles of urban landscape and sustainable design were implemented. To achieve this goal, modular and mobile structures with two different types of low maintenance plant species, Sedum and Cornus were selected. These species have been chosen because of their ecological benefits, hardiness attributes and morphological characteristics. This paper aims to present an urban green component adaptable to different scenarios such as major annual events without interfering with temporary constructions and pedestrian routes while at the same time creating a more aesthetic and attractive open space for locals and tourists alike. Every element added to the square can be relocated or moved at any given time without negative impact to the environment. To present the potential of this design concept, three different arrangement design scenarios were conducted - one for the everyday life of the public and the other to accommodate the unfolding of two major events held annually: the TIFF film festival and the Christmas fair.
A Survey on Knowledge and Use of Passiflora Species in Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Authors: BOBOC-OROS Paula , BUTA Erzsebet , CRIȘAN Ioana , CANTOR Maria
Published: June 2020

The present study aims the degree of the Passiflora genus knowledge on the population level in Cluj-Napoca, after imports of ornamental plants. The study was based on a short questionnaire with 8 questions, applied to a sample of randomly selected respondents. The results obtained demonstrated that Passiflora, although an exotic plant recently appeared in the local flower market, has been remarked and appreciated among the indigenous ornamental plants. From the data obtained, recommendations can be issued for introducing Passiflora genus in the assortment of flowering plants grown in Romania and to promote them among the local producers of ornamental plants in order to be marketed locally and nationally.
Asperula L. Species Preserved in ‘Alexandru Beldie’ Herbarium
Authors: PLESCA Ioana Maria , BLAGA Tatiana , DINCĂ Lucian
Published: June 2020

This paper provides a quantitative and general description of the main representatives of the genus Asperula L. present in the ‘Alexandru Beldie’ Herbarium. Currently, Asperula genus comprises 25 different taxa (18 with a status of species and 7 as intraspecific units), harvested mainly from the Romanian forests. The majority of plants are kept in very good conservation conditions (first and second conservation degrees). Two of the species (Asperula rumelica Boiss and A. graveolens subsp. graveolens) present in the Herbarium should be given high conservation priority since they are of national conservation concern, being included on the ‘Red List of Superior Plants from Romania’. The Asperula genus is widespread across the country and is mostly associated with mesobasic and eubasic forest soils, representatives of this genus having the value of indicator species.
Pemetrexed in Recurrent or Progressive Central Nervous System Lymphoma: A Phase I Multicenter Clinical Trial
Authors: Dietrich Jorg , Versmee Laura , Drappatz Jan , Eichler April F. , Nayak Lakshmi , Norden Andrew , Wong Eric , Pisapia Michelle R. , Jones SooAe S. , Gordon Amanda B. , Chabner Bruce A. , Hochberg Fred , Batchelor Tracy T.
Published: June 2020

Lessons Learned

The findings from this study using monotherapy with pemetrexed in a pretreated patient population are, overall, encouraging. Unlike high-dose methotrexate, which requires several days of inpatient hospitalization, pemetrexed is relatively easy to administer in the outpatient setting and remains a viable treatment option in this patient population. The maximum tolerated dose of pemetrexed administered (900 mg/m2 every 2 weeks) was generally well tolerated and showed activity in patients with relapsed or refractory CNSL.

Background

There is currently no standard salvage treatment for patients with relapsed/refractory central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma (CNSL). We report the results of a phase I study of pemetrexed, an antifolate drug with broader activity than methotrexate (MTX). We provide the safety, tolerability, and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of pemetrexed in patients with recurrent CNSL.

Methods

Through October 2015, 17 patients with relapsed/refractory CNSL received pemetrexed every 2 weeks with the first cohort receiving 600 mg/m2 and dose escalation in increments of 300 mg/m2 to a maximum of 1,200 mg/m2. Three patients were to enroll at each dose level with expansion to six patients in the event of dose-limiting toxicity. Patients with both primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) and secondary CNS lymphoma (SCNSL) could be enrolled.

Results

Seventeen patients were evaluable with a median age of 63.7 years. Main adverse events included fatigue (82.4%), anemia (82.4%), and neutropenia (70.6%). The MTD was established at 900 mg/m2. Dose-limiting toxicities were recorded in one patient in the 600 mg/m2 cohort and in two patients in the 1,200 mg/m2 cohort. Fourteen patients were evaluable for response assessment; 21.4% achieved a complete response, 35.7% had a partial response, 14.3% had stable disease, and 28.6% had progressive disease. The median progression-free survival was 4.2 months. The median overall survival was 44.5 months.

In the original study protocol, the plan was to add an expansion cohort of six patients at MTD level. However, the first phase of the study was characterized by slow recruitment. Therefore, after achieving the primary objective of the study and establishing the MTD, the investigators decided to amend the protocol and to close the study.

Conclusion

Pemetrexed administered at 900 mg/m2 every 2 weeks exhibits single-agent activity in patients with recurrent CNSL; it is well tolerated, and side effects are manageable.
Estrategias del cooperativismo agrario frente a las transformaciones sociales y productivas recientes
Authors: Lopez-Castro Natalia
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: El presente artículo analiza el modo en que las cooperativas agropecuarias de dos partidos del sudoeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires —Puán y Adolfo Alsina— enfrentaron el contexto de recurrentes crisis y retroceso general de este tipo de organizaciones económicas, que se registró en las últimas décadas en toda la región pampeana argentina.

Metodología: Con un enfoque metodológico cualitativo se estudian las diversas estrategias utilizadas por las entidades asociativas, entre los años 2002 y 2017 para lograr su permanencia y afianzamiento en los territorios; los factores que resultaron significativos en su delineación y las perspectivas a futuro.

Resultados: Se señalan las especificidades de las experiencias y sus puntos en común con lo ocurrido en entidades similares en otras zonas de la región.

Conclusiones: Las estrategias analizadas permiten reflexionar sobre las tensiones que se plantean entre el afianzamiento de un modelo económico productivo concentrado y las propuestas de la economía social; y, por otro, sobre las condiciones de posibilidad para repensar la organización social de la producción y los territorios en términos más diversos y democráticos.
Estudio comparativo del rendimiento entre niños repetidores y no repetidores
Authors: Urruticoechea Alar , Vernazza Elena , Del Callejo Canal Diana , Canal Martínez Margarita , Álvarez Vaz Ramón
Published: June 2020

Introducción: Hoy en día el Sistema Educativo español propone la repetición como herramienta niveladora entre el rendimiento real del escolar y el nivel académico al que concurre. Si bien se ha demostrado que las consecuencias negativas de la repetición a corto, medio y largo plazo son mayores que los beneficios, la posibilidad de utilizar este mecanismo ha convertido a España en el país de la OCDE con mayor tasa de repetidores. Tomando este dato como punto de partida surge la duda de si realmente la repetición está cumpliendo con el objetivo para el cual fue creada. Objetivo de investigación: Comparar los niveles de rendimiento entre los estudiantes repetidores y los no repetidores. Método: Para lograr este objetivo se analizaron 25245 respuestas de alumnos de cuarto de Educación Primaria a la prueba “Evaluación General de Diagnóstico” de 2009. Las estrategias metodológicas utilizadas fueron, por un lado, el análisis de diferencia de medias, en particular, mediante la prueba Welch y por otro, la metodología HJ-Biplot. Resultados: Del total de la muestra el 6.83% son repetidores. Todas las competencias a estudio (Comunicación lingüística, Matemática, Interacción con el mundo físico y Social y ciudadana) se asocian positivamente entre ellas, donde la correlación más fuerte se da entre Mundo físico y Lingüística (.68) y entre Mundo físico y Social Ciudadana (.68), y la más débil entre Social-Ciudadana y Lingüística (.57). Los alumnos no repetidores obtienen puntuaciones medias más altas en todas las competencias y estas diferencias son significativas obteniendo un p. valor .001 en la prueba de Welch. Conclusión: La repetición, en la mayoría de los casos, no sirve para mejorar el rendimiento. Discusión: Entendiendo que la repetición genera desigualdad de los niños en la sociedad y que no es una herramienta útil, es necesario realizar otro tipo de intervenciones para mejorar el rendimiento de los alumnos que son propensos susceptibles a repetir.
Estereotipos negativos hacia la vejez y su relación con variables sociodemográficas en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Rodríguez Mora Álvaro
Published: June 2020

Los estereotipos negativos hacia la vejez es una percepción peyorativa sobre las personas mayores a las que se les asocia pérdida de capacidades, deterioro y enfermedad. Estos estereotipos están arraigados en la sociedad y se ven influidos por diversas variables socio-demográficas como la edad, el sexo, o el grado de contacto con estas personas entre otros. Estos estereotipos están presentes en la sociedad, desde los propios ancianos hasta los jóvenes. El objetivo de este trabajo consistió en evaluar la influencia de las variables sociodemográficas en los estereotipos viejistas en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios. La muestra estuvo de 183 estudiantes voluntarios de los grados de psicología, criminología y magisterio, de la universidad de Cádiz. Se les administró de forma telemática un cuestionario ad hoc con las variables sociodemográficas edad, sexo, y contacto con personas mayores dependientes y no dependientes, y el Cuestionario de Estereotipos Negativos hacia la Vejez (CENVE) (Blanca Mena, Sánchez Palacios, y Trianes, 2005). El análisis de las puntuaciones obtenidas en el cuestionario mostró que la muestra presentaba baja presencia de estereotipos negativos. Sin embargo, en el análisis de frecuencias, se determinó que el factor carácter-personalidad mostró una presencia alta de estereotipos negativos hacia la vejez, seguido del factor motivacional-social. Respecto al sexo, no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres en la presencia de estereotipos viejistas. Respecto a la variable contacto con personas mayores dependiente como no dependiente, no existieron diferencias significativas en función de para el CENVE y los tres factores. Por último, los resultados del ANOVA, mostró que los sujetos que no tenían ningún contacto con personas mayores no dependientes presentaban mayores estereotipos viejistas que aquellos que tenían algún tipo de contacto.
Orientación sexual y salud mental en jóvenes universitarios españoles
Authors: Ruíz Palomino Estefanía , Ballester Arnal Rafael , Gil Llario Mª Dolores , Giménez García Cristina , Nebot García Juan Enrique
Published: June 2020

Las minorías sexuales tienen una peor percepción de su estado de salud mental y solicitan más ayuda psicológica. Los estudios demuestran que presentan una mayor prevalencia de problemas psicológicos, principalmente ansiedad, depresión, ideación suicida o abuso de sustancias. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar la relación entre diferentes parámetros de salud mental y la orientación sexual. Se administró un Cuestionario de Estilo de Vida y Salud (Giménez-García Ballester-Arnal, 2017) a 600 estudiantes de la Universitat Jaume I de Castellón. Un 67,5% de los participantes se identificaban como exclusivamente heterosexuales (75,3% de hombres y 59,7% de las mujeres) y un 32,5% como no exclusivamente heterosexuales (24,7% de hombres y 40,3% de las mujeres). Los resultados muestran que existe una relación estadísticamente significativa entre orientación sexual y nivel de salud mental percibida (Chi 2=19.018; p= .001; V: 0.178), problemas psicológicos informados (Chi2=11.392; p=.001; OR: 3.194) y ansiedad (Chi 2=12.917; p=.005; V: 0.147). Las personas no exclusivamente heterosexuales valoran peor su salud mental, han informado de más problemas psicológicos y se sienten más ansiosas. En función del género, aparecen relaciones estadísticamente significativas en salud mental percibida (Chi 2=17.860; p= .001; V: 0.244) y problemas psicológicos (Chi 2=9.520; p= .002; OR: 5.886) en los hombres, y en ansiedad percibida en las mujeres (Chi 2=13.091; p= .004; V: .210). En ambos casos, es el grupo no exclusivamente heterosexual el que obtiene peores resultados. Las personas con una orientación sexual diferente a la heterosexual son un colectivo en riesgo psicosocial, quizá por el malestar psicológico asociado a la vivencia de experiencias vitales estresantes y de discriminación asociada a la homofobia y bifobia. Se debaten las implicaciones para las universidades.
Intervención psicológica familiar en la enfermedad de alzheimer
Authors: Balea Fernández Francisco Javier , Alonso Ramírez Javier
Published: June 2020

La demencia es un síndrome adquirido, de naturaleza orgánica caracterizado por un deterioro permanente de la memoria y de otras funciones intelectuales, y frecuentemente acompañado de otros trastornos psiquiátricos, que ocurren sin alteración del nivel de conciencia, afectando al funcionamiento social. Las pruebas diagnósticas disponibles en la actualidad se basan fundamentalmente en criterios clínicos, apoyadas por pruebas neuropsicológicas, analíticas y de imagen. En la actualidad no se conoce el complejo proceso neurodegenerativo de esta enfermedad, pero si tenemos datos sobre la intervención de los síntomas de esta. El diseño experimental utilizado en este trabajo es de tipo “cuasiexperimental” con evaluación antes y después del programa de estimulación (taller de memoria y automatismos; lectura y lenguaje; ejercicio físico y psicomotricidad; musicoterapia y reconocimiento corporal). La muestra está formada por 21 sujetos de ambos sexos, diagnosticados de Demencia Tipo Alzheimer (DTA) probable, tratados en los centros de día y residencia durante 6 meses. La media de edad de los sujetos es de 80,71 años (Sx= 4,85). Los resultados muestran una disminución en puntuación del MEC (máximo 35 puntos) de -1,67 (Sx 3.88; p0.05); cuando el/la cuidadora principal acude a apoyo psicológico, la puntuación del MEC aumenta de media en 0.8 (Sx 2.9), si no acude la puntuación disminuye en 3.91 (Sx 3.3) con un p valor de 0.03. Las conclusiones extraídas son que el tratamiento de estimulación es igual de eficaz para el mantenimiento del rendimiento cognitivo general y capacidad funcional en pacientes con deterioro cognitivo leve, moderado y grave; Cuando el trabajo se extiende al binomio familia-enfermo, mediante la aplicación de un tratamiento paralelo no farmacológico a los familiares los resultados son significativamente mejores.