bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effective Visualization of Data Structures in Graph Databases
Authors: Dudáš Adam
Published: August 2024

To efficiently store data where the relationships between individual objects are essential, the use of a graph database model is recommended. After storing the data, it is necessary to further analyze it using statistical methods or visualize it within the context of exploratory data analysis. Such visualization is crucial for understanding the structure and content of the database. However, commonly used visualization tools often fall short in terms of interactivity and effectiveness. The main objective of the presented work is the design and implementation of a novel model for the visualization of data structures stored in graph databases with the use of two natural graphical models—the standard topological layout of the database and the so-called clustered layout of a graph database. The presented graphical models are focused on interactive visualization, mainly scaling of visualization and development of database objects, and principles of effective visualization. Implementation of the proposed approach was evaluated via case studies on three model graph databases of various sizes—Messaging database (16 objects, 16 relationships), Library database (16 objects, 32 relationships) and Movie database (171 objects, 253 relationships). Compared to the standard Neo4j tool for the visual representation of property graphs in graph databases, the proposed model presents improvement in terms of the number of visualization models, effectivity of the visualization, and development of objects in the visualized database.
Revisiting the link between abnormal uric acid levels and gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review
Authors: Jankar Jayshri Sadashiv , Manglaram Anjali , Ahmed Tabish , Yadav Arvind
Published: August 2024

Rise in uric acid (UA) levels is linked with inferior pregnancy outcomes; nevertheless, there is absence of proof at the moment to propose that high uric acid levels are related to a high likelihood of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). As a result, to discuss the link of rise in UA during pregnancy with the chance of having GDM.

The articles have been chosen from the databases PubMed, Embase and Scopus. We discussed all applicable publications that explored the interrelation between serum UA and GDM, accompanying the formerly recorded articles. Other articles independent of this field are refrained from. This systematic review exhibited a bond between GDM and serum UA levels.

Further research can positively enable the support of prompt identification. Deleterious effects on the mother-foetus duo could be kept away by managing gestational diabetes during early stage.
Preterm birth in young women and singleton pregnancy following IVF in the kingdom of Bahrain
Authors: Sunder Amala , Varghese Bessy , Al Omran Bedoor , Darwish Basma , Chiter Ammar , Almehzaa Reem Talal , Alsada Abeer , Dayoub Nawal
Published: August 2024

Invitro Fertilization (IVF) rate has been constantly increasing since 1986. Preterm birth is a known complication of IVF pregnancies. Analysis of the risk of preterm birth in young mothers conceived singleton pregnancy through IVF/Intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is an important assessment to counsel young patients contemplating IVF treatment.

This is a retrospective analysis of births from young patients of ≤35 years, following natural/ IVF conception between January 2019 and February 2020 at Bahrain Defense Force Hospital. We studied the women who had conceived through ART (Assisted Reproductive Technology) against women conceived naturally. Preterm birth between 24 and 37 weeks of gestation was analyzed. The risk factors for preterm delivery such as multiple pregnancy, placental insufficiency, vaginal infections as well as iatrogenic preterm deliveries were analyzed. P-Value<0.05 is considered statistically significant.

The study included 2646 women. IVF conception was reported in 56 patients with rate of 2.1%. Our study showed that gestational age at delivery was earlier for IVF conception at 36.5 weeks compared to 39 weeks for natural conception. Multiple logistic regression analysis after adjusting other risk factors of preterm delivery, confirmed increased risk of delivery before 37 weeks after IVF singleton conception with OR 2.3 and 95% CI(1.1-4.7) P = 0.02. Risk of delivery before 32 weeks not increased with IVF conception OR 2.3 with 95% CI of 0.9-5.9 P=0.09, but the risk significantly increased for delivery before 28 weeks with OR 4.5 with 95% CI(1.2-16.8)P=0.02.

Preterm deliveries are significantly increased in women aged less than 35 years old after IVF/ICSI with singleton pregnancies.
Understanding factors affecting the acceptance of post-abortion contraception: A comprehensive analysis
Authors: Bhavya H U  , Gayathri S  , Baipadithaya Anil S , Vipulachandra Y
Published: August 2024

To assess the proportion of post-abortion contraceptive acceptance and the determinant factors in the utilization of contraception.

It is a prospective observational study done on 468 women who presented for abortion care in a tertiary care centre. Data were collected using a pre-structured questionnaire, counselled for contraceptive usage. The family planning method accepted was noted and followed up after one month. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and expressed in the form of frequency and percentages.

In the present study, the magnitude of acceptance of post-abortion contraception was 73.08%. Most women were in the age group 21-30 years (62.82%), the majority belonged to lower socioeconomic status (43.16%), 78.62% were homemakers. Age of the women, education status, and history of the previous usage of contraception showed a positive association with acceptance of post-abortion contraception. The most accepted method was tubectomy (24.35%) followed by barrier contraception (20.51%). During follow-up after 1 month, 69.24% were willing to continue the same method and 5.1% opted for a change in the contraceptive method. The common determinant factors for not opting for post-abortion contraception were due to religious belief, partner opposition, fear of side effects of contraceptive methods and willingness to concieve again shortly.

The proportion of post-abortion family planning utilization is good but could be improved. Education before and especially at the time of abortion strongly influenced the usage of family planning services especially in rural areas where the accessibility is comparatively low. Family planning counseling during the time of abortion plays an important role in accepting post-abortion family planning services. At all levels of health care, family planning counseling and services should be provided to those who come for abortion to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.
Effects of early age of menarche on the health of Indian middle-aged women: A survey study
Authors: Sharma K N Srihari , Sneha S  , Visarapu Sai Bhavani
Published: August 2024

The age of menarche, which is a sign that a female has reached reproductive maturity, has a significant impact on the health of women. Numerous components, including nutritional status, socioeconomic status, diet, environment, sibling relationship, hereditary and genetic factors, religious group, ethnicity, psychological stress, migration, and chronic illness, have been postulated to influence the age of menarche. Opinions on these theories have varied, both for and against the theory. In a survey it was reported that women complaints joint pains /stiff shoulder and LBA. Risk of musculoskeletal problems and the perception of pain could increase with obesity.

To find the prevalence of physiological and psychological health problems in middle-aged females due to early menarche.

Women matching the study criteria and willing to participate in the survey were approached and informed consent was taken. An interview was conducted on either a physical or virtual mode by a trained therapist as per the check list designed for this study.

The content of the checklist was validated with the help of experts in this study domain and subjected to statistical tests which yielded a Cronbach’s score of 0.967. The participants response on this checklist was analyzed and a strong association of physical and psychological health issue was documented particularly among working women, multiparous women, and with type of delivery women had undergone during 1 pregnancy.

The present study documented significant findings with the early age of menarche and its association with physical and psychological health of the women.
Evaluation of antibacterial susceptibility profile in pregnant women with asymptomatic bacteriuria in Kadapa
Authors: Kamparj Sadgunothama Goud , Hajira Hakeem Sayeda Bee Bee , Imrana Hassan Shaikh
Published: August 2024

: The bacterial urinary tract infection in pregnancy may be symptomatic (cystitis, pyelonephritis) or asymptomatic (bacteriuria without symptoms). Empirical antimicrobial therapy may be affected by resistance of uropathogens due to the irrational use of antibiotics. This prevalence of resistance is rising and varies across the globe due to different treatment recommendations which may be determined by taking into account frequently occurring infections, susceptibility patterns, evidence, physician acceptance, antimicrobial stewardship norms, availability of formularies, and antimicrobial prices. So the current research was carried out.

: A cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women with UTI attending antenatal care (ANC) by excluding pregnant women who had taken antibiotics within the two weeks prior to their ANC follow-up and symptomatic UTI pregnant women. The antibiotic sensitivity of the uropathogens and their identification were evaluated by conventional culture, microbiological techniques and sensitivity tests. The results were analysed by SPSS software for descriptive statistics.

: 377 pregnant women with UTI participated in the present study. The results demonstrated that most of the participants who lived in urban areas (64%) were affected. The results also suggest that 42% of participants who had secondary education as the highest level of education, 45% of participants belonged to an upper middle-class family and, 40% of working professionals in the study were affected. Out of 103 isolates, 79 isolates were gram negative & 24 were Gram positive. Out of seventy-nine gram negative isolates, the major contribution was by (36), . (26). Among 24 gram positive isolates, the major contribution was by Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CONS) (12). The uropathogens were shown diverse antibiotic sensitivity for the study test drugs.

: This study concludes that the antibacterial susceptibility and resistance of uropathogens may vary in different geographical areas based on antibiotic usage and circumstances. This study also demonstrated the imperative prerequisite of periodic assessments.
Serratiopeptidase with diclofenac sodium for the management of post-operative pain and inflammation in a day care obstetric and gynaecological surgeries
Authors: Kumar Abhijeet , Bapat Kawita , Katke Prashant , Kulkarni Ketan , Suryawanshi Sachin
Published: August 2024

Management of acute post-operative pain and swelling after the obstetric and gynaecological (OBG) surgeries is crucial part of patient care. Reduction or complete elimination of post-operative pain & swelling, without excessive sedation is the most preferred treatment strategy helping patient’s recovery in terms of rapid mobilization and return to independence. Serratiopeptidase a proteolytic enzyme used for its anti-inflammatory properties. Diclofenac Sodium is commonly used to treat the pain and swelling.

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of the fixed dose combination (FDC) of Serratiopeptidase (10 mg) with Diclofenac Sodium (50 mg) gastro-resistant tablets in day care OBG surgery.

This was a single centre, retrospective, observational data collection in real-life scenario. Data of adult women who had undergone day care OBG surgery and received a FDC of Serratiopeptidase (10 mg) with Diclofenac Sodium (50 mg) gastro-resistant tablets TID for period of 24 hours was retrieved and analysed. VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) data on post-operative pain at rest and pain on movement as well as post-operative swelling were analyzed in conjunction with monitoring for adverse events.

Among 61 patient’s data included in the study, 40 (65.57%) had undergone Minimally Invasive Vaginal Hysterectomy (MIVH), 4 (6.56%) had MIVH with Bilateral Salpingo-oophorectomy, and 17 (27.87%) had other OBG surgeries. The average VAS scores for pain at rest (VAS), pain on movement (VAS) and swelling were significantly reduced compared to baseline at all-time points (p>0.001). Clinical global impression of efficacy and safety for 95% physician’s and 93.3% patients was good to very good. FDC was found to be well tolerated without any serious adverse reaction.

The results of this clinical study confirms the effectiveness and tolerability of FDC of Serratiopeptidase and Diclofenac sodium in day care OBG surgeries in the early post-operative period.
Epidemiological, clinical and psychological aspects of victims of female child sexual abuse in the gynaecology and obstetrics department of tertiary hospital, Karnataka
Authors: Karelal Saraswathi , Puneetha V S  , Raju S Ashwini , Huchchannavar Raghavendra R
Published: August 2024

Child sexual abuse is an alarming reality that although is recognized as a serious violation of human well-being and of the law often goes unreported or overlooked. The present study was planned to identify the clinic-social profile of victims of child sexual abuse, circumstances under which these heinous crimes have occurred and study the psychological status of the victims.

A retrospective record-based study from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2021 conducted in a tertiary care hospital of north Karnataka, India. All the female patients aged less than 18 years admitted during our investigation period who were victims of child sexual abuse were included in the study. All case reports obtained from the medical record division and fulfilling the inclusion criteria were scrutinized by the authors for completeness of data. The data was entered in MS excel master sheet and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 22.

A total of 158 victims of female child sexual abuse were documented in our centre. The age of the victims ranged from 1 to 17 years and that of abusers varied from 15 years to 75 years. For most incidents, the offenders were known to the victims. The highest incidence of sexual assault was reported in abusers’ home, followed by victim’s home. Majority of the female children were abused multiple times (45.6%).

There is an urgent need for comprehensive prevention programs, awareness campaigns, accessible support services, public awareness campaigns and legal enhancements to address CSA effectively in schools and communities that educate children on recognizing and reporting abuse.
Knowledge, attitudes, awareness and factors associated with the uptake of influenza vaccine among pregnant women in urban Pune
Authors: Shaikh Hanif , Undale Vaishali , Pardeshi Anil , Jadhav Shweta , Jagtap Pratiksha , Aphale Parth , Kawade Anand , Asalkar Mahesh , Agampodi Suneth , Upaganlawar Aman , Upasani Chandrashekhar
Published: August 2024

: This cross-sectional study was aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, awareness, facilitators, and barriers associated with the uptake of influenza vaccination during pregnancy in the urban area of Pune.

: The study was conducted with 500 participants: 62 pregnant women and 438 postpartum women (total 524 were approached) attending Obstetrics and Gynaecology outpatient department (OPD) in a tertiary-care municipal hospital in Pune. The study-questionnaire collected data regarding socio-demographics general knowledge about influenza, attitude towards influenza vaccination, vaccine risk awareness, and its potential risk and benefits during pregnancy. The log-binomial regression models were used to examine the factors associated with influenza vaccination.

: A good uptake of the vaccine (223/500, 44.6%) was found during current pregnancy of the participant; however, only 2.7% of study-participants vaccinated with influenza vaccine in their previous pregnancies. Also, there was poor awareness among all the participants regarding the safety of the seasonal influenza vaccine during pregnancy (19%, n=95/500). 11.2% (n=31/277) study-participants were found to be against the maternal influenza vaccination. Women receiving the vaccine against influenza were more likely to be previously informed of the recommendations from health-care providers about maternal influenza vaccination with odds ratio of 0.18 (95% CI, 0.04 to 0.8; p<0.00001), received the influenza vaccine in the past OR 8.27 (95% CI, 0.94 to 72.0), Z 1.09, p=0.05 and of having knowledge on influenza and its complications has more impact on influenza vaccination during pregnancy OR 14.4 (95% CI, 5.68 to 36.53), Z 5.6, p<0.0001 respectively.

: This study concludes the vital causative factors for non-vaccination were provision of incomplete information or poor awareness about influenza vaccination (68.6%). There was poor knowledge among the pregnant women regarding the safety of maternal influenza vaccines. The recommendation from healthcare professionals is the major facilitators of decision-making by pregnant women for influenza vaccination during pregnancy.
Facing the unimaginable: Case series of hysterotomy at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Madan Shikha , Dahiya Sonia , Anand Smriti , Dahiya Pushpa , Singhal Savita Rani
Published: August 2024

Hysterotomy is a surgical procedure involving a planned incision in the uterus. Although it is not commonly used for abortions, its incidence has increased due to higher rates of caesarean sections and placenta accreta spectrum.

We report three such cases, first of a retained head of decapitated fetus; second of a patient with previous three caesarean section; and third of a patient with placenta previa.

This surgical technique is rarely used for abortions, but if it has to be done it is associated with a high rate of morbidity. With the increase in the incidence of previous uterine scars, the rate of placenta accreta spectrum has increased. Hysterotomy may be required in these cases.
Colposcopic features of HPV associated adenocarcinoma usual type
Authors: Singh Priyanka
Published: August 2024

Adenocarcinoma in situ of cervix is less frequently detected, especially when not associated with squamous intraepithelial premalignant lesion. The relative incidence of in-situ or invasive adenocarcinoma is likely to rise with propensity for younger population. Incidence of recurrence is also higher when histopathology is adenocarcinoma in comparison to the squamous histopathology, This necessitates establishment of different risk factors that would guide the modality of treatment to be taken up in adenocarcinoma histopathology.(Yuksel) Diagnosis of glandular lesions on colposcopy is difficult owing to distinct and less common features, difficulty to approach and fewer cases therefore lesser experience with colposcopy plus the coincidence of squamous lesions along with glandular lesions being more common, adds to the conundrum. In the current image-based case study, colposcopy features of glandular abnormalities in adenocarcinoma of cervix have been described.
A case report on tuberculosis in pregnancy revealing the need for an effective multidisciplinary approach and the importance of tailored therapy
Authors: Gandavaram Nishitha , Rajalekshmi M
Published: August 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) during pregnancy, especially with central nervous system (CNS) involvement, poses significant risks to maternal and fetal health. This case report explores the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of managing new-onset seizures in a pregnant patient with CNS-TB.

A 23-year-old primigravida presented at 36 weeks gestation with new-onset seizures. The diagnostic workup, complicated by the pregnancy, revealed a left frontal tuberculoma. The patient was started on a standard antitubercular therapy (ATT) regimen of 2HRZE followed by 4HR, taking into account the drugs’ teratogenic potential and fetal safety. Despite the development of mild atonic postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), the patient gave birth to a preterm but viable infant with satisfactory APGAR scores.

The interdisciplinary team provided comprehensive care, including seizure management with Levetiracetam and postpartum follow-up for both mother and child. The patient showed neurological improvement and, alongside the newborn, had a favorable outcome.

This case underlines the importance of a tailored, multidisciplinary approach to managing TB in pregnancy. It also emphasizes the need for vigilant monitoring and treatment adherence to navigate the complexities of TB with CNS involvement and concurrent pregnancy.

Enhanced prenatal screening for TB, interdisciplinary protocols, research on TB medications during pregnancy, and long-term follow-up studies are recommended to improve outcomes for similar future cases.
Retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury and pretreatment with Lycium barbarum glycopeptide
Authors:   Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan Province, China; Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610084, Sichuan Province, China, Wu Yan-Xia , Song Shan-Shan ,   School of Chinese Classics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan Province, China, Liu Xiang ,   Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan Province, China, Deng Yu-Xuan ,   Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan Province, China, Lu Xue-Jing ,   Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan Province, China; Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610084, Sichuan Province, China
Published: August 2024

AIM: To investigate the antioxidant protective effect of Lycium barbarum glycopeptide (LbGP) pretreatment on retinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury (RIRI) in rats.
METHODS: RIRI was induced in Sprague Dawley rats through anterior chamber perfusion, and pretreatment involved administering LbGP via gavage for 7d. After 24h of reperfusion, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and creatinine (CREA) levels, retinal structure, expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-8, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the retina were measured.
RESULTS: The pretreatment with LbGP effectively protected the retina and retinal tissue from edema and inflammation in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) and nerve fiber layer (NFL) of rats subjected to RIRI, as shown by light microscopy and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Serum AST was higher in the model group than in the blank group (P=0.042), but no difference was found in ALT, AST, and CREA across the LbGP groups and model group. Caspase-3 expression was higher in the model group than in the blank group (P=0.006), but no difference was found among LbGP groups and the model group. Caspase-8 expression was higher in the model group than in the blank group (P=0.000), and lower in the 400 mg/kg LbGP group than in the model group (P=0.016). SOD activity was lower in the model group than in the blank group (P=0.001), and the decrease was slower in the 400 mg/kg LbGP group than in the model group (P=0.003). MDA content was higher in the model group than in the blank group (P=0.001), and lower in the 400 mg/kg LbGP group than in the model group (P=0.016). The pretreatment with LbGP did not result in any observed liver or renal toxicity in the model.
CONCLUSION: LbGP pretreatment exhibits dose-dependent anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative effects by reducing Caspase-8 expression, preventing declines of SOD activity, and decreasing MDA content in the RIRI rat model.
Influencing factors of self-management ability among dry eye patients in west China
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China, Ren Jie , Zeng Ji-Hong ,   Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China, Gao Yun-Xia ,   Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
Published: August 2024

AIM: To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of self-management ability in dry eye patients in west China.
METHODS: A total of 265 patients clinically diagnosed with dry eye received a convenience survey questionnaire at West China Hospital of Sichuan University. All participants completed the rating scale of health self-management skill for adults (AHSMSRS), Huaxi Emotional-Distress Index (HEI), e-health literacy scale (e-HEALS) and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (Brief-IPQ). A generalized linear model was employed to establish a multivariate linear model with demographic data, psychological state, e-HEALS, and illness perception as independent variables and health self-management skill score as the dependent variable.
RESULTS: The mean score for health self-management skill was 165.58±15.79. Multivariate analysis revealed that advanced age, better illness perception and improved psychological state were associated with better health self-management ability among dry eye patients. Furthermore, the health self-management ability of patients with a disease duration less than 1y was found to be higher compared to those with a disease duration exceeding 1y.
CONCLUSION: The health self-management ability of dry eye patients in west China is relatively high. Age, duration of disease, illness perception and psychological state are the influencing factors on the health self-management ability of dry eye patients.
Treatment of acute dacryocystitis by translacrimal canalicular drainage and D-silicone intubation
Authors:   Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China, He Jin-Jing , Zhou Jia-Ni ,   Xianju People’s Hospital, Zhejiang Southeast Campus of Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated Xianju’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Taizhou 317300, Zhejiang Province, China, Jiang Jin ,   Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
Published: August 2024

AIM: To demonstrate the outcomes of translacrimal canalicular drainage using a lacrimal probe and intranasal drainage by D-silicone intubation for acute dacryocystitis (AD).
METHODS: This retrospective study included 23 patients with AD and had undergone abscess decompression with the use of lacrimal probe and intranasal drainage by D-silicone intubation between January 2019 and December 2022. Patients received abscess decompression and systemic antibiotic-corticosteroid from the time of diagnosis. D-silicone tube was inserted within 10d after diagnosis and removed 3-6mo after intubation. The procedure and outcomes of this method were evaluated.
RESULTS: All patients showed improvement of signs and symptoms of AD within 72h. No intraoperative and postoperative complications were observed. No recurrence of lacrimal sac abscesses occurred after D-silicone tube removed.
CONCLUSION: Lacrimal probe and D-silicone intubation appear to be a feasible, minimally invasive, safe, and effective method, which could be a reasonable choice in the treatment of AD.
Effect of autologous serum after amniotic membrane transplantation for persistent corneal ulcers
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University Sofia, University Hospital Alexandrovska, Sofia 1431, Bulgaria, Hristova Rozaliya , Markov Georgi ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University Sofia, University Hospital Alexandrovska, Sofia 1431, Bulgaria, Oscar Alexander ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University Sofia, University Hospital Alexandrovska, Sofia 1431, Bulgaria, Zdravkov Yani ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University Sofia, University Hospital Alexandrovska, Sofia 1431, Bulgaria
Published: August 2024

AIM: To investigate the effect of adding autologous serum eye drops to the postoperative regime after amniotic membrane transplantation for severe persistent corneal ulcers.
METHODS: Forty eyes of 40 patients with persistent corneal ulcers were randomly assigned to artificial tears (sodium hyaluronate 0.2%, ATs group, n=20) or autologous serum eye drops (ASEDs, n=20) following treatment with amniotic membrane transplantation. Digital slit lamp images were acquired from all patients before and 30d post treatment. The area with fibrovascular tissue was calculated using Image J. Central corneal sensitivity was assessed by Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometry before and one month after treatment. Scar tissue transparency was assessed with a novel optical densitometry.
RESULTS: Mean age of patients was 61.65±16.47y and 57.3±19.11y in the ATs group and ASEDs group, respectively. Twenty-two male and 18 female patients were included in the study. The improvement in visual acuity was significantly greater in the ASEDs group (0.14±0.04) than the ATs (0.08±0.04; P=0.00046). Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometry improved significantly after treatment with a similar rate between groups. There were no statistically significant differences in the area of postoperative fibrovascular tissue between the two groups (P=0.082). The success rate in the two groups was similar. The difference in densitometry between the ATs and ASEDs group was statistically significant (P=0.042) with greater reduction from baseline in the ASEDS group.
CONCLUSION: Autologous serum eye drops can lead to better visual acuity, more stable results and improved densitometry and should be considered in the postoperative care following amniotic membrane transplantation.
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy and its relationship with inflammatory serum biomarkers
Authors:   Hospital de Nuestra Señora de la Luz, Retina and Vitreous Department, Mexico City 06030, Mexico, Pacheco Victor Alejandro Martinez , Sepulveda Braulio Hernan Velasco ,   Instituto de Oftlamología FAP Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City 06080, Mexico, Estudillo Abel Ramirez ,   Hospital de Nuestra Señora de la Luz, Retina and Vitreous Department, Mexico City 06030, Mexico
Published: August 2024

AIM: To analyze if a relationship between levels of inflammatory serum biomarkers and severity of primary proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) exists.
METHODS: A retrospective case-control study. The healthy adult patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and primary PVR were included in the PVR group. For the control group, healthy adults who underwent cataract surgery were included. The grade of PVR was classified according to the Retinal Society Terminology Committee. Blood samples were obtained before surgery, and processed in MYTHIC 18. Measures of interest were neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), the time between the decrease in visual acuity and surgery, PVR grade, type of surgery, final best corrected visual acuity, and rate of re-detachment.
RESULTS: Totally 240 patients were included, 120 in each group, 79 (65.8%) and 56 (46.7%) were male in the PVR and control group, respectively. PVR A had greater levels of monocytes (0.28±0.18 vs 0.12±0.32, P=0.002), neutrophils (4.59±1.51 vs 3.92±1.27, P=0.006), and LMR (9.32±4.42 vs 7.43±3.90, P=0.01). PVR B had a greater monocyte count (0.30±0.13 vs 0.12±0.32, P=0.001), and PVR C demonstrated higher levels in monocytes (0.27±0.12 vs 0.12±0.32, P=0.004), neutrophils (4.39±1.13 vs 3.92±1.27, P=0.004), and LMR (9.63±3.24 vs 7.43±3.90, P=0.002) compared to control, respectively. An LMR cut-off value of 9.38 predicted PVR with a sensibility of 54.2% and specificity of 77.5% and NLR cut-off of 1.70 predicted PVR with a sensibility of 62% and specificity of 54.2%.
CONCLUSION: Patients with primary PVR demonstrate greater neutrophil, monocyte, and LMR levels than the control group. Cut-off values obtained from ratios could be useful in a clinical setting when no posterior view of the fundus is possible due to media opacity.
Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy in acute dacryocystitis: a multicenter study in China
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Central Hospital of Lishui, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang Province, China, Mao Bang-Xun , Liu Zhen-Kai ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Shiyan, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, China, An Ning-Yu ,   Eye Hospital of Ningxia, Yinchuan 750000, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, Jin Hai-Li ,   Eye Hospital of Wuhu City, Wuhu 241000, Anhui Province, China, Wang Ming-Ling ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China, Wu Wen-Can ,   Department of Orbital and Oculoplastic Surgery, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China, Yu Bo ,   Department of Orbital and Oculoplastic Surgery, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
Published: August 2024

AIM: To report the clinical profile, endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (En-DCR) management, and acute dacryocystitis (AD) outcomes in China.
METHODS: Clinical data of 554 adult AD patients (554 eyes) who presented in 7 tertiary eye care centers for 10y from Jan 2010 to Mar 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical profile, En-DCR management, and outcomes of all cases were recorded. The anatomical and functional success were evaluated for 12mo post-operation.
RESULTS: The analysis included 149 males and 368 females with a median age of 55.2y (range: 18-84y). There were 459 eyes with a history of epiphora or purulent secretion. The time between a symptom of lacrimal duct obstruction and acute onset was 1 to 540 (66.1±58.2)mo. Fifty-nine eyes had a history of the previous acute attack. Seventy-four eyes developed a cutaneous fistula, while 11 eyes had post septal cellulitis pre-operation. En-DCR with an anatomical success of 91.7% and functional success of 90.1%. The success rate of the patients with a history of acute episodes and the preoperative fistula was lower than the overall success rates.
CONCLUSION: En-DCR can be performed during an acute episode in AD with a success rate of over 90%.
Czynniki lokalizacji morskich farm wiatrowych a ryzyko wystąpienia kolizji środowiskowych i konfliktów społecznych w Polskiej Wyłącznej Strefie Ekonomicznej
Authors: Biniek Piotr
Published: August 2024

The issue of location of offshore wind farms in the Polish EEZ appears to be solved. The spatial development study and the spatial plan indicate specific areas where investment projects could be located. On the one hand, this offers an easy planning tool to interested stakeholders, on the other – it has significantly reduced the use of other areas of the Polish EEZ. It should be also noted that the shoals in the Baltic Sea are a valuable nature area and an attractive fishing area, and strong protests from environmentalists and fishermen should be expected. Studies on location factors determining the risk of social conflicts and environmental collisions can have not only theoretical, but also practical significance to active and potential players in Poland’s offshore wind market.
The purposes of this thesis, apart from identification of factors important due to the possibility of social conflicts, included determining their classification, significance and mutual impacts. In result, an analysis of existing and potential social conflicts for areas and specific projects was created, the level of sensitivity of various social groups to the risk of conflict was investigated, and the possibilities to implement measures to mitigate social conflicts developed for onshore wind were analysed. The thesis has also met its application objective of developing universal assumptions for a communication strategy for potential investors in the offshore wind industry taking into account location factors for each shoal.
Translated by: Maciej Laskowski
e-Book of One's Own
Authors: Metaxas Christian , Greene Terry , Malcolm Jessica , Muriithi Njoki , Schacter Esther , Schnurr Mollie
Published: August 2024

As we enter a new age of technological innovation and subsequent educational instrumentation change, there is increasing demand for innovative methods that encourage student learning experiences in virtual, online spaces. ePortfolios and e-book projects are designed and owned by students and are centered within the student’s learning. They provide a structured, online space for students to learn new technological skills while intentionally integrating it with their learning experience. We have utilized the content creation platform Pressbooks for our student learners to develop and create their “e-Book of One’s Own” (eBoOO). A simplified derivation of the “Domain of One’s Own” (DoOO) philosophy, our intention with eBoOO was to address the high bar for digital literacy required to get started while staying true to the embodied ideology of Virginia Woolf’s A Room of One’s Own.
Firm growth and firm value: Moderation role of board size during Russia-Ukraine war
Authors: Sari AA Pt Agung Mirah Purnama , Tjahjadi Bambang
Published: August 2024

This study’s objective is to investigate the influence of board size as a moderator in a research model examining the impact of firm growth on firm value, considering the impact of the Russia-Ukraine war on Indonesia over the past seven years. The study consisted of 328 observations, ranging from 2014 to 2021. This study discovered that company expansion has a considerable beneficial impact on firm value. The board of directors has the ability to operate as a moderating variable, whereas the board of commissioners did not moderate the impact of firm expansion on company value. The results of the research aligned with the signaling theory, which posited that a company's ability to expand is a crucial indicator of its success. The market responded positively to this positive signal, drawing in new investors who subsequently increased the company’s value. This study revealed that, despite their important functions in a company, the board of directors and the boards of commissioners were unable to mitigate the impact of firm expansion on firm value. This could be caused by external factors like the Indonesian economy and market during the Russia-Ukraine conflict. The Russia-Ukraine war affected Indonesian companies, but they remained stable until now. The researcher was unable to acquire financial data from non-public firms impacted by the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, resulting in a small sample size.
Factors affecting GEN Z’s intention to leave jobs in Vietnam
Authors: Giang Pham Xuan , Ghi Tran Nha , Yen Nguyen Thi Ngoc
Published: August 2024

This study examines the factors affecting Gen Z’s intention to leave jobs in Vietnam. The Gen Z workforce is a fundamental human resource in society. However, the mounting rates of job turnover within this demographic have emerged as a notable cause for concern. This study, based on social exchange theory and self-concept theory, aims to evaluate the impact of various factors on the intention to leave among office employees from Gen Z in Vietnam. The study utilized a mixed-method, combining qualitative research (focus groups with 7 official employees) and quantitative research methods (Cronbach’s Alpha, Exploratory Factor Analysis-EFA, Pearson correlation, and multivariate linear regression). A sample of 385 office employees was surveyed, and data was analyzed using SPSS 26 software. The results revealed that stress at work (SW) positively affects office employees’ intentions to leave jobs. In contrast, some factors such as career advancement (CA), corporate social responsibility (CSR), work environment (WE), ethical leadership (EL), and salary policy (SP) negatively affect official employees’ intention to leave jobs. Drawing on these results, managers can better understand how to mitigate the intention to leave jobs among office employees from Gen Z in Vietnam through adjustments in career advancement, corporate social responsibility, work environment, ethical leadership, and salary policy. The study acknowledged certain limitations and provided avenues for future research.
Influence of air staging variation on agglomeration behavior of biomass fuels in fluidized bed technology
Authors: Teniola Oluwasanmi Samuel , Lawal Ayoade Afolabi , Aremo Bolaji
Published: August 2024

The fluidized bed system is an effective approach widely accepted and commonly used for the thermochemical conversion of solid fuel such as biomass and agricultural residue. In most instances, there are some demerits usually associated with this approach such as development of eutectic mass, increased process of melting and bed agglomeration. This work was carried out to study the behavior of five readily available biomass fuels (Palm tree fronds, corn straw, plantain peels, sugarcane bagasse and domestic woods) in a bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) combustor. Characterization of the bed materials and ash samples were done using SEM-EDX, XRF and XRD. The effect of physical factors on the composition of obtained ash and particles from the bed was assessed. Also, the interaction between the fuel ash and bed particle was evaluated to reveal its influence on bed materials morphology. The results obtained revealed a combustion efficiency that varies between 96.2 to 99.6 % with the highest value obtained for sugarcane bagasse. The corn straw has the highest Potassium (K) content, while the domestic wood ash contained the highest Calcium (Ca) content. The XRF analysis revealed the conversion of the major potassium content of the corn straw to K2O. Meanwhile, bed agglomeration was absent when combustion was carried out with no staging-air as well as with staging air, despite high temperature above 800 oC used. Data obtained from this work revealed that agglomeration effect will be minimal issue when carrying out fluidized bed combustion of the selected biomass.
R&D investment: A dynamic efficiency approach in the EU countries
Authors: Saavedra David Paz , Fuente Marta De La , Fernandez Xose Luis , Millan Pablo Coto
Published: August 2024

This paper aims to analyze the role of research and development (R&D) in the production efficiency of European Union Member States. Utilizing Bayesian methods within a dynamic framework, the study jointly estimates production functions and efficiency for a sample of 27 countries over the 2000–2021 period. The findings reveal that human capital investment exhibits a higher output elasticity compared to physical capital investment. Additionally, the results indicate that inefficiencies persist due to escalating costs—both monetary and temporal—as inputs expand. Across the studied countries, an upward trend in R&D expenditure is associated with increasing technical efficiency levels, establishing a positive relationship between R&D spending and technical efficiency scores. Geographically, eastern and southern European regions exhibit lower average efficiency levels. These insights are crucial for policymakers seeking to foster innovation-driven policies, highlighting the importance of maintaining or increasing R&D spending to achieve the economic and social objectives of the European Union. Through appropriate R&D policies, policymakers can enhance technical efficiency, ensure the EU's global competitiveness, and promote more equitable development across the Union.
Building and using chatbots in the process of self-studying physics to improve the quality of learners' knowledge
Authors: Duy Hai Tuong , Ngoc Chat Tran , Hai Nam Tran
Published: August 2024

The adoption of chatbots in education is steadily increasing, offering a myriad of benefits to learners engaging in self-directed study. However, the reliability of information provided by chatbots poses certain obstacles, particularly in subjects with high academic content such as physics. This study proposes a five-step process for constructing chatbots, enabling educators to independently develop chatbots to support self-learning among students. This process focuses on enabling chatbots to autonomously respond to physics-related inquiries, a capability often lacking in pre-built chatbots. A new chatbot for physics lessons on the conservation of energy law was developed by applying this methodology. To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of the developed chatbot, we conducted a pedagogical experimental study involving 100 tenth grade students divided into control and experimental groups. To ensure comparability between the groups, students were selected based on their physics grades and teacher feedback. Experimental data was collected through online feedback forms and a 45-minute physics test, processed using statistical techniques. The results indicate a high level of readiness among participants to utilize chatbots for self-learning and acknowledge their beneficial impact. Furthermore, students' knowledge quality improved with chatbot usage, affirming the feasibility and effectiveness of incorporating chatbots into physics education. These findings also validate the proposed five-step chatbot development process as rational and applicable.
The psychological conditions and social engagement in the Vietnamese older people
Authors: Huynh Chan Van , Nguyen Phan Hong , Pham Hoang Huy
Published: August 2024

This study examines the psychological conditions and social engagement of older people in Vietnam. Population aging is occurring globally, including in Vietnam, necessitating an immediate supply of services to cater to the needs of the elderly. As individuals experience more significant advancements in their daily activities, the significance of mental health becomes a growing issue for the elderly population. We conducted a quantitative study on a sample of 100 senior individuals in Ben Tre province, Vietnam, to assess the psychological well-being of older adults. The findings suggest that older people frequently participate in sedentary activities such as reading newspapers, watching television programs, and listening to the radio. Additionally, older individuals expressed psychological conditions such as joy and happiness, a sense of respect, as well as feelings of helplessness, self-pity, and loneliness. In addition, older persons also expressed psychological conditions such as joy and happiness, being respectful, as well as feelings of helplessness, self-pity, and loneliness. This study emphasizes the significance of community policies and programs in consciously planning social activities to promote engagement among elderly individuals. To prevent dangerous situations, health professionals and clinicians should enhance the evaluation of psychiatric disorders in older people and direct those at risk to existing community resources.