bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Natural Wound Healer: An Insights on Aloe Vera's Medical Importance
Authors: Ullah Fateh , Kashif Muhammad , Jamil Muhammad , Jelani Ghulam , Ullah Habib , Khan Abdus Sami , Anwar Sania , Ullah Sibghat , Farooq Umer , Fatima Syeda Adia , Ali Mohsin
Published: March 2022

Aloe vera has been used as a traditional therapy for a range of ailments, with the plant's inner gel being the most commonly studied and utilised. These plants are favoured because they are effortlessly available, affordable, and have rarer bad side effects than commercially available pharmaceutical compounds, say proponents. However, there hasn't been enough research done on the active components and the precise mechanisms by which they work. Identifying active ingredients and their functional mechanisms in wound healing is the focus of this review. Using A. vera gel for wound healing has been found to have a positive reaction, but this has only been demonstrated in the case of minor, uncomplicated lesions. Different active components including aloesin and aloin have been suggested to have a synergistic effect on the plant's actions, rather than a single chemical acting alone. For now, the plant should only be used in conjunction with other well-established, scientifically supported treatments. Keywords: Wound, Natural, Inhaler, Aloe Vera, Wound Healing
Frequency and Outcomes of Eclamptic Patients Shifted to Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Khan Sehrish , Abbasi Amber , Talpur Saira , Awan Shazia , Avesi Khalida , Rasul Noreen
Published: March 2022

Objective: To determine the frequency of eclamptic patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital's intensive care unit and their outcomes. Patient and Methods: This was descriptive case series study and was took place at the civic Hospital Hyderabad's gynecology and obstetrics department for a year, from August 2015 to July 2016. This study comprised 85 extremely suffered eclamptic women who were admitted to the labour room and later transferred to the ICU. All the demographic information including maternal complications and mortality were gathered using a pre-made proforma. Results: A total of 85 extremely unwell eclamptic women who were admitted to the obstetrics/gynecology department and subsequently transferred to the intensive care unit were studied. The patients' average age was 30.543.66 years. Most of the women 59(69.41%) were multiparous. Regarding the intervention required in ICU, (68.24%) women were on mechanical ventilation, (58.82%) were on inotropic support, blood transfusions were required in 23 of 85(27%) women. Renal failure was found in 35.29% women, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) was in 30.59% women, and multiple blood transfusion were required in 40% cases and rate of mortality was 20%. Conclusion: Maternal complications and mortality rate were observed to be higher among eclamptic women. It causes a lot of maternal and perinatal morbidity and death. As a result, we might conclude that our health-care system lacks the necessary resources to provide our expecting mothers with proper antenatal care. Key words: Eclampsia, ICU, outcome
Factors Responsible for Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children Under Five Years
Authors: Kazi Naheed Haroon , Qureshi Roomana , Kousar Tasneem , Saba Ameena , Ahmed Memon Shabaz
Published: March 2022

Objective: To determine the frequency of factors responsible for iron deficiency anemia in children under five years of age at tertiary care Hospital. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was done at the paediatric department of Muhammad Medical College MirpurKhas, during six months from October 2020 to March 2021. All the children with of (<5 years), presented at Paediatric OPD and of either gender were included. After taking complete clinical examination, parents were interviewed reading history of diet. After obtaining informed consent from the parents, a 3ml blood sample was taken from each case and was immediately sent to the Hospital diagnostic laboratory for the complete blood count (CBC). Anemia was defined as hemoglobin level <11g/dl. All the data was gathered via self-made study proforma and SPSS version 26 was used for the purpose of data analysis. Results: A total of 58 children with anemia were studied, their mean age was 02.91+1.29 years, mean Hb was 7.22+1.27mg/dl. Males were 56.9% and females were 40.1%. History of Buffalo milk consumption was in 53.4% children, history of pica was in 27.6%, Caffeine containing food history was in 84.5% of the cases, age of weaning <12 months was in most of the cases and non-iron containing food consumption was also commonest. Most of the cases 55.20% had moderate anemia and 43.10% had severe anemia. The severity of childhood anemia was statically significant according to the type of milk consumption, type of food and caffeine containing food (p-<0.05), while it was statistically insignificant according to the gender and age of weaning (P->0.05). Conclusion: As per study conclusion the Buffalo milk consumption, history of pica, caffeine containing food, age of weaning <12 months and non-iron containing food consumption were observed to be the commonest factors responsible for childhood anemia. Key words: Iron deficiency anemia, factors, diet
Prevalence and Reasons for Maternal Mortality: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Qureshi Humaira , Amjad Rubina , Jabeen Asma , Imtiaz Rahila , . Hajira , Fatima Sabahat
Published: March 2022

Aim: To determine the prevalence and reasons for maternal mortality at a tertiary care hospital Study design: A retrospective study Place and duration: This study was conducted at Maternal and Child Care Center Hyderabad Pakistan from June 2018 to June 2020. Methodology: To gain access to the records, convenience sampling was utilized. A self-contained proforma was used to gather verified data on variables (age, year of death, cause of death, and domicile), Excel 2016 was used to examine the data and trend analysis was performed using Join point Analysis Software. Results: In three years, 279 maternal fatalities have been reported from "Hyderabad." With 29.4 % (CI= 0.68, SD= 10.42), hemorrhage remained the primary cause, subsequently, eclampsia 16.13 % (CI= 0.63, SD= 7.48), ruptured uterus 8.6 % (CI= 0.56, SD= 8) and sepsis 5.73 % (CI= 0.44, SD= 5.47). The highest rate of maternal fatalities was 40.50 % in women aged 26 to 30, followed by 25.1 % in women aged 15 to 25, 21.15 % in women aged 31 to 35, and 13.26 % in women aged 36 to 40. The P-value for post-partum bleeding was significant (0.003). Conclusion: Maternal mortality continued to increase in women of child bearing age, with principal reasons including hemorrhage, eclampsia, uterine rupture, and sepsis. To avoid these deaths, early referral, decreasing cesarean section rate, improved monitoring during labour and maternal care by skilled personals and community-based education are both in desperate need of improvement. Keywords: Maternal Mortality, Child-bearing age, Obstructed Labor, Eclampsia, Postpartum Hemorrhage, Ruptured uterus, Pulmonary Embolism.
Levels of Electrolytes, Troponin and association of O2 saturation with D–Dimer and Ferritin in hospitalized COVID-19 patients
Authors: Abbas Muhammad , Rehman Aziz Ur , Ahmad Zahoor , Khan Suleman , Noor Salih , Mazhar Rabia , Ubaid Muhammad , Ahmad Hussain
Published: March 2022

A cluster of atypical pneumonia cases were reported in Wuhan china at the end of 2019. The disease was subsequently named covid-19. Later on it spread across the globe and WHO declared it as greatest pandemic of 21st century. Previous studies show that majority of the patients have hyponatremia, hypokalemia and hypochloremia. Recent study also suggests that the value of D-Dimer, ferritin and troponin I increasewhile O2 saturation drops in covid-19 patients.A cross sectional observational study was carried out in Peshawar Pakistan. A total of 195 patients above 18 years of age, confirmed through real time PCR were studied. Most of the patients have normal levels of electrolytes (Reference range of sodium 135-150mmol/L, potassium 3.5-5.1mmol/L, chloride 96-112mmol/L)while the patients with abnormal levels includedhyponatremic patients (having sodium level less than 135mmol/L), hyperkalemic patients (having potassium level higher than 5.1mmol/L) and hypochloremic patients (having chloride level less than 96mmol/L). The abnormal level of electrolytes is due to renal abnormalities. An association of O2 saturation exists with ferritin and D-Dimer. The level ofTroponin I raisestwofold in COVID-19 patients, which is an important circulatory biomarker associated with myocardial injury. Key words: COVID-19, Electrolyte imbalance, O2 saturation, Troponin I, D-Dimer
Frequency of Aspiration Pneumonia in Patients with Stroke
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Khan Abdul Waris , Umar Muhammad , Khalid Rabia , Ibrahim Khan Muhammad , Ullah Najeeb
Published: March 2022

Background: Among persons over sixty, stroke is the 2nd major cause of death, and the sixth greatest cause of death among those aged 15 to 59 years. It is also one of the most common causes of disability and death. Respiratory complications are very common in stroke patients. Pneumonia affects up to a third of those who have had a stroke. Objective: To find out frequency of aspiration pneumonia in stroke patients Methodology: This study design was Descriptive cross-sectional conducted at the Medicine department, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar from 15Th October 2019 to 15th April 2020. All patients admitted in medical D unit meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Necessary investigations such as sputum examination, chest x-ray, total leukocyte count and physical examination was done to confirm aspiration pneumonia. Data analysis was done by using IBM SPSS version 23. Results: Ischemic stroke amongst 100 patients was observed in 68(68%) patients while hemorrhagic stroke was observed in 32(32%) patients. Amongst 100 stroke patients aspiration pneumonia was observed in 17(17%) patients whereas it was not observed in 83(83%) patients. Conclusion: Our study concludes that frequency of aspiration pneumonia in patients with stroke is high in our population. Aspiration pneumonia should be early diagnosed and it should be properly managed to decrease the mortality and morbidity. Keywords: Aspiration pneumonia; Stroke; Mortality
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) vs Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery (RIRS) in the Treatment of Renal Pelvic Stones Randomized Controlled Trial in IKD Hospital Peshawar
Authors: Shahzad Mohammad , Asif Muhammad , Wahab Fazal , Khan Zafar Ahmad , Zaman Mishal , Jan Abid
Published: March 2022

Background: Nephrolithiasis is a common disease with a 10% lifetime risk in men and 5% in women. With the emergence of noninvasive and minimally invasive methods, the management of renal stones has vastly improved. Objective: Comparison of effectiveness of percutaneous nephrolithotomy vs retrograde intrarenal surgery for the treatment of renal pelvis stones. Methodology: This study was randomized controlled trial carried out at the Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Institute of Kidney Diseases Hayatabad Medical Complex,Peshawar for six months from 23-09-2018 to 22-03-2019. Total sample size was 70 patients. Patients in group A underwent Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and Group B will be subjected to RIRS. All the patients will be advised for follow up visit at 2 weeks post operatively to determine intervention effectiveness in terms of complete stone clearance. Results: The mean size of the stone was 17.47mm ± 1.7SD, ranges 15 to 20 mm in both groups. In group A, PCNL Procedure was effective in 34(97.1%) patients at completion of study. While in group B, 28(80%) patients were effectively stone cleared. which is significant with p-value=0.027. Conclusion: Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is more efficient and safe procedure for renal stone of size 1.5cm to 2 cm as compared to RIRS. Studies show that PCNL is more effective than retrograde intrarenal surgery in the treatment of renal pelvis stones. In the light of recent data, PCNL seems to be an ideal treatment modality in the management of patients. Nevertheless, these results must be confirmed by further prospective large randomized trials. Keywords: Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy, Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery, Renal Stones
Prevalence of Hepatitis C in Pregnant Women at Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: . Hajira , Atiq Shahana , Khan Zakkia , Khan Radhia , Hussain Amjad , Shaheen Ghazala , Shamim Tahira , Sumreen Laila
Published: March 2022

Background: Hepatitis caused by viruses is a serious worldwide health issue that affects 2 to 15 million individuals annually. HCV-infected mothers give birth to an approximately 40,000 children annually, resulting in up to 4000 additional perinatal infected offspring Methodology: This was cross sectional study carried out at Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department, Women and Children Hospital, Charsadda for aperiod of six months from August 2021 to January 2022. Totally 300 pregnant women were included in our study. Blood samples were taken from all the participants and sent to hospital diagnostic laboratory for the diagnosis of hepatitis C virus through immune-chromatographic technique. All the data analysis was carried out by using IBM SPSS version 20. Results: The mean age in our study was 33.12 years with standard deviation of ± 4.11. In our study, hepatitis C virus prevalence was 8.66% (n=26) in pregnant women. In our study, 17 (18.18%) of the HCV positive subjects were observed in age group 18-25 years. While the HCV positive subjects observed in age group 26-35 years, 36-45 years were 6 (4%) and 2 (3.33%) respectively. Conclusion: Our study concludes that the prevalence of hepatitis C amongst pregnant women was 8.66%. Despite the fact that the incidence of hepatitis C was shown to be lower among pregnant females visiting tertiary care hospitals, regular anti-HCV antibody testing of all pregnant females is strongly recommended for prompt identification of illness in mothers and to prevent their transmission to newborns. Keywords: Prevalence; Hepatitis C; Pregnant Women
Expression of P16 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Nasib Bushra , Khattak Maria Tasneem , Mahmood Raazia , Hasnain Shahid , Fatima Tariq Sahibzadi , Hassan Masroor
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a malignant neoplasm that arises in the oral cavity, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, oropharynx, nasopharnx, and larynx. Among various prognostic markers in HNSCC, demonstration of p16 protein expression is of great importance. Objective: To determine the frequency of p16 expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by Immuno-histochemistry (IHC) in patients reporting at Rehman Medical Institute. Methodology: This was descriptive, cross sectional study piloted at the Department of Histopathology, Rehman Medical Institute (RMI) for a period of six months from 10/March/2016 to 10/September/2016. This study was carried out on a total of 103 patients diagnosed with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. On Formalin Fixed Parafin embedded blocks of already diagnosed OSCC cases, IHC staining was done by using p16 (monoclonal) antibody on FFPE blocks of OSCC. Statistical analysis of the data was done by using the software SPSS version 20. Results: p16 was positive in 95 cases (92.2%) and negative in 8 cases (7.8%). Chi-square test was performed between p16 and site of biopsy, a significant relation was observed with P-value 0.023 (<0.05). Of all the positive cases, p16 was positive in 51 cases (53.7%) of oral cavity SCC, 17 cases (17.9%) of pharyngeal SCC, 23 cases (24.2 %) of laryngeal SCC and 4 cases (4.2%) of nasal cavity SCC. Conclusion: High expression of p16 was observed in HNSCC cases with correlation to various sites of Head and Neck. Keywords: HNSCC, p16; Prognosis, Cancer
Association Between Cytological and Histological Grading of Breast Cancer and its Usefulness in Patient Treatment
Authors: Waqas Khan Muhammad , Bilawal Khan Muhammad , Rehman Karishma , Bibi Sania , Khan Sunia Arif , Aziz Omar Aamir
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women throughout the globe, and the modern therapeutic available options have been widely researched currently. For a developing nation with limited resources, such as Pakistan, a quick, affordable, and least invasive technique like FNAC may give useful information. Aim: The aim of this study was; 1 Perform and evaluate cytomorphological classification of all breast cancer patients using the Robinson's three-tier grading system. 2 Histopathological evaluation and classification of all samples of MRM by using a modified BR classification system. 3 Correlation of histo-morphological and cytomorphological classification systems. Place and Duration: In the Pathology department of Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar for six months duration from February 2018 to July 2018. Material and methods: A prospective study was conducted in which two independent observers classified all breast cancer patients on the basis of cytology and histology of the tissue and cyto-histological correlation. Results: This study provided good individual correlation and inter-observer agreement in the cytopathological classification of breast cancer aspirates. Conclusion: Cytopathological classification may be useful for these patients and should therefore be included in routine reports. Keywords: Breast carcinoma; Cytopathology; Robinson classification system
Role of H. Pylori infection with Recurrent Abdominal Pain in Young Age Children
Authors: Khawaja Arham Amir , Zia Hafsa , Nisar Maryam , Asif Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Objective: A study was conducted to determine the incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection in children who had chronic abdominal pain. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Study and Duration of Study: This research was carried out during 1.1.2019 to 1.6.2020 in the DHQ Sargodha. Materials and Methods: According to the findings, there were 200 participants in the study, and 8 percent of those with Recurrent Abdominal Pain had Helicobacter. Results: The patients ranged in age from 12.43 to 12.43 and 1.23 months on average. Between 8 and 16 years old, the average age of the sample group was observed. The average number of months that participants were bothered by stomach discomfort was 4.23. The presence of Helicobacter pylori was confirmed in 47% of those who were tested. Conclusion: Helicobacter pylori is a common cause of recurrent abdominal pain in children, and it can be treated with antibiotics. In children and adolescents, it is a serious problem, and more research is needed to determine the risk factor that is linked to an increased Helicobacter Pylori infection rate. Keywords: Recurrent Abdominal Pain, abdominal pain, Helicobacter pylori
Role of Vitamin D for the Prevention of Pre-Eclampsia in Pregnant Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Memon Hina Akmal , Rafique Madiha , Khalid Sarwat , Perveen Rizwana , Imtiaz Rahila , Naqvi Nazish
Published: March 2022

Aim: The goal of this study was to determine the role of vitamin D supplements in preventing pre-eclampsia during pregnancy. Study design: Randomized controlled trial Place and duration: This study was conducted at District health quarters hospital Jamshoro @kotri /Bilawal Medical College hospital Kotri, Pakistan from March 2020 to March 2021. Methodology: Pregnant women between the ages of 18 and 35 years with a single pregnancy, normal blood pressure, and a gestational period of 24 ± 1 week were enrolled and were allocated into 2 groups that is group A and B. Vitamin D was not given to Group A. Group B, the study group members received vitamin D 25,000 IU orally (Cap OPT-D) every two weeks for up to 36 weeks, regardless of vitamin D status. Women were visited every two weeks for prenatal checkups during the follow-up phase (28th to 36th week) to investigate any signs or symptoms of pre-eclampsia. Results: In both groups, no significant difference has been observed in mean age (P=0.57), gestational age (P=0.48), and Body Mass Index (P=0.81). At 28 ± 1 weeks, all female's blood pressure was normal. At 36 weeks, 24.44% (n=11) of women in group A (control group) had blood pressure greater than 140/90mm, compared to only 6.66 % (n=3) of women in group B (study group). There was a significant difference (X2= 5.41, P=0.019). Conclusion: This study concluded that pregnant females who take vitamin D supplements have low chances of pre-eclampsia. Keywords: Deficiency, Hypertension, Pregnancy, Pre-Eclampsia, Supplement, Vitamin D
Evaluation of the Relationship Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis in Neonates: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
Authors: Kumar Pardeep , Bhanbhro Bakhtiar Ahmed , Khuhro Asif Ali , Haider Iftikhar , Bharo Mumtaz Ali , Bahalkani Ubedullah
Published: March 2022

Aims: To evaluate the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and early-onset neonatal sepsis in neonates Study design: A cross-sectional analytical study Place and duration: This study was conducted at Pir Abdul Qadir Shah Jilani Institute of Medical Science Gambat Khairpur Pakistan from March 2020 to March 2021 Methodology: Samples were taken from the neonatal department that met the inclusion criteria. All neonates with proven or suspected sepsis were included. We used the Chi-square test to identify the relationship between vitamin D levels and neonate sepsis. However, Fisher exact test was applied where Chi-square was not fitted well. Mann Whitney analysis was also performed. Results: We recruited 41 cases of preterm and full-term neonates with sepsis. Out of these 41 cases, 46.3% (19/41) were male and 53.7% (22/41) were females. An insignificant correlation was observed between mortality, length of hospital stay, and blood culture with Vitamin D levels. However, we observed a positive correlation between Vitamin D levels and the need for respiratory support. Conclusion: Our study concluded that vitamin D deficiency is associated with the need for respiratory support in neonates with sepsis. However, no correlation with other outcomes was observed in the current study. Keywords: Neonatal sepsis, Vitamin D deficiency, outcome, respiratory support
Evaluation of Folic Acid in Diabetic Type II Patients with and without Neuropathy
Authors: Gul Lihaz , Sardar Jahan , Zubair Muhammad , Khan Sajid , Muhammad Anees , Iftekhar Sundas
Published: March 2022

As a result of peripheral neuropathy, diabetes-related mortality and morbidity rates increase. It is possible that a folate deficiency raises the risk of developing diabetic neuropathy since folate is required for the creation and maintenance of neurons. This study evaluated diabetic neuropathy and the role of folic acid in neuropathic and non-neuropathic diabetic individuals. This study was conducted from October 2019 to March 2020 in Peshawar on both from neuropathic (n=105) and non-neuropathic patients (n=100) of having diabetes mellitus type II. Blood samples were collected for estimation of HBA1c, folate and random blood sugar (RBS). Positive family history (87.6%), hypertension (53.3%), and dyslipidemia (54.3%) were more determined in neuropathic patients. HbA1c level was found high among neuropathic patients. Patients with diabetic neuropathy had a considerably greater frequency of folate insufficiency (16 percent ). A significant increase in the number of people with diabetic neuropathy who are folate deficient shows that folate plays a critical role in delaying the onset of diabetic neuropathy. Keywords: Folic Acid, Diabetes, Neuropathy, Diabetic Neuropathy, HBA1c
PREVENÇÃO DO DELIRIUM NA UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA: UMA INTERVENÇÃO COM A EQUIPE MULTIPROFISSIONAL
Authors: Melo Jéssyca Rodrigues , Lima Amanda de Oliveira , Sousa Luana Silva de , Santos Lúcia de Fátima da Silva , Fernandes Kaio Vitor Gonçalves , Silva Lívia Cristina , Rocha Marisa Ferreira , Muniz Ticiane Maria Santos , Leal Thamires da Silva , Veríssimo Samara Martins Souza
Published: March 2022

OBJETIVO: Descrever as ações psicoeducativas sobre estratégias de prevenção do delirium às equipes multiprofissionais das Unidades de Terapia Intensiva de três Hospitais Públicos Estaduais de Teresina-PI. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, na modalidade de relato de experiência, que visa descrever intervenções de psicoeducação na Residência Multiprofissional em Terapia Intensiva do Adulto (RIMTIA). RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: A abordagem aos profissionais ocorreu de forma individual e em grupo, participaram da ação por volta de 80 profissionais, e a partir deles, foram feitas discussões sobre a aplicabilidade das medidas de prevenção do delirium na rotina assistencial e sobre a experiência dos profissionais com o tema. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Conclui-se que a intervenção teve um grande potencial de troca sobre o tema delirium, proporcionando um espaço para o diálogo sobre percepções e situações já vivenciadas, outro fator importante a se destacar, é que a partir do tema discutido muitos profissionais desejam realizar mudanças na UTI em aspectos físicos e que levariam ideias e projetos a gestão do hospital.
METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM EM UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Sousa Luana Silva de , Melo Jessyca Rodrigues , Santos Lúcia de Fátima da Silva , Veríssimo Samara Martins Souza , Muniz Ticiane Maria Santos , Rocha Marisa Ferreira , Costa Roniel Alef de Oliveira , Silva Jonathan Ruan Castro , Fernandes Kaio Vitor Gonçalves , Veras Daniela Matos
Published: March 2022

OBJETIVO: Relatar a experiência de residentes em Terapia Intensiva do Adulto no uso de metodologias ativas em atividades de ensino aprendizado sobre a meta três de segurança do paciente. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo relato de experiência de atividades desenvolvidas por residentes. As atividades ocorreram em hospital público, tinha como objetivo treinar os profissionais quanto a meta três de segurança do paciente: melhorar a segurança na prescrição, no uso e na administração de medicamentos. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Dividimos a ação em três momentos, no primeiro momento realizamos um pré-teste, posteriormente realizamos uma explanação abordando a temática, no último momento, criamos uma situação problema, no qual os profissionais teriam que identificar os erros apresentados o que permitia uma discussão reflexiva sobre a situação ocorrida. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: O uso de metodologias ativas no treinamento de profissionais da saúde é uma importante ferramenta pois possibilita uma maior interação entre os envolvidos.
The Influence of Environmental Shock Initiation on Vegetative and Spore Production of Bacillus megaterium
Authors: Mahariawan I Made Dedi , Kusuma Wahyu Endra , Yuniarti Ating , Hariati Anik Martinah
Published: March 2022

Production of B. megaterium spores as probiotic candidates is not only influenced by the nutrient composition in the culture media but also initiated by environmental factors. One of the efforts to reduce spore production costs is by utilizing wheat flour as a medium for spore growth. Large quantities of B. megaterium spore production in a short time on wheat flour media can be carried out by implementing environmental shocks. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of environmental shock initiation on the spore production of B. megaterium. The culture media consisted of carbon source (wheat flour) and nitrogen (ammonium chloride) at the C/N ratio of 15:3. Environmental shock conducted at 51 Â°C and pH of 10 in vegetative maintenance. The treatments of shock were started at the 5th, 10th, and 15th hour after inoculation, respectively. The parameters of this study were vegetative cells, spore production, sporulation efficiency and spore fraction. The highest vegetative cell was revealed in the shock initiated at 10th hour (3.5 x 108 cells. ml-1). The high density of vegetative cells did not indicate high spore production. The highest spore production in this study was found in the shock started at 15th hour (1.73 x 108 spores. ml-1) with sporulation efficiency (79%) and spore fraction was 57.28%. The target of high spore production can be achieved in the shock initiation at the 15th hour in wheat flour media.
Study on Development of Consortia for NPK Bacteria and its Effect on Growth of Selected Crops
Authors: Gore Nileema S. , Hiwale Vaishali , Jagdale Vaibhav , Harke Sanjay
Published: March 2022

A group of beneficial bacteria provides an ecofriendly and economically sound approach to low-input farming systems and for better plant productivity. The present study was conducted during 2018-19 at MGMâs Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Aurangabad, Maharashtra to develop consortium of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K) bacteria on growth of various crops like Cotton, Maize, Jowar, Cow Pea, Moth Bean, Chili, and Tomato. For development of consortium, seven bacterial strains were taken for nitrogen fixation, solubilization of phosphorus and potassium. Out of seven, three bacterial strains were selected on the basis of positive compatibility test. All these three bacteria were used as A. chroococcum for nitrogen fixation, B. megaterium for phosphorous solubilization and F. aurantia for potassium solubilization. Bacterial consortium was formulated by inoculating three compatible bacterial strains by using emulsifier, dispersant, cell protectant, moisturizer and humectants. Consortium 4 was showed highest population count of A. chroococcum (12 Ã 1010 CFU/ ml), B. megaterium (10 Ã 1010 CFU/ ml) and F. aurantia (6 Ã 1010 CFU/ml) after one month over other consortium. Selected consortia 4 were treated with crops at two different concentrations as 50% and 100% respectively to study the seed germination percentage. Seed treated with consortium 4 showed significant enhancement in seed germination of all crops over control. Instead of giving single NPK bio-formulation, consortium of NPK bacteria is best way to avail NPK nutrients to plant for growth and development.
A Questionnaire-based Survey on Groundwater Characterization
Authors: Sridhar N. , Ezhisaivallabi K. , Poongothai S.
Published: March 2022

The sustainable groundwater management in a coastal watershed of Adappa must consider appropriate control measures of the socio-economic needs. Hence, there is a need for a better knowledge and understanding of the socio-economic variables influencing the groundwater. Therefore, in this study the variability of socio economic responses to groundwater and the problems of engaging large numbers of individual users are highlighted. The socio-economic survey is conducted with a questionnaire-based survey among the people of the study area with random sampling, wherein the participants of the survey are expected to express their feedback freely upon the grievances they had faced with respect to the insufficient availability of the groundwater and its quality of potability and irrigation. The percentage frequency analysis is performed using the SPSS software in order to have a clear understanding of the demands of the local aids. Descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA are the statistical analysis procedure which is adopted in this analysis. In order not to lose the significance of any important factor, each aspect is dealt separately while doing the descriptive statistics and the one-way ANOVA. This analysis will help to assist decision makers to better assess the socio-economic needs and undertake proactive measures to protect the coastal watershed and have to recognize the value of problems and promote a change of government officersâ attitude towards local people through training programs and incentives.
Investigation of tumour necrosis factor-alpha role in development of recurrent aphthous stomatitis
Authors: Marsoul Rajaa Dh. , Al- Qaysi Suhayr Aesa , Alsaady Mohammed
Published: March 2022

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common disease characterized by a repeated formation of non-contagious and benign oral ulcers. The cause for this condition not completely understood but it involves a T cell-mediated immune response initiated and triggered by different factors. The understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease is essential to improve the plan of management. Objective: This study aimed to identify the correlation between the blood levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?) levels and the development of RAS. Subjects and Methods: Present study involved 100 participants of which 50 subjects diagnosed with RAS and the others without (healthy controls). Blood samples obtained from participants and used for TNF-? investigation by enzyme linked immunesorbent assay. The data collected was statistically analysed. Results: Serum TNF-? concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in patients with RAS (mean ± standard deviation [SD]; 104.27 ± 41.63) compared to control group (mean ± SD; 85.30 ± 38.72). Conclusions: Serum TNF-? is increased in Iraqi patients with RAS compared to controls. RAS is one of the significant variables that relates to high TNF-? serum concentration.
Evaluation of academic nurses performance at critical care unit in Hillah City/Iraq
Authors: Shlash Ahmed Mohammed Jasim , Mohammed Shatha Saadi
Published: March 2022

Nurses performance is the basis of patient safety as nurses can prevent, protect and avoid harm to patients by providing good performance that prevents medical errors in critical care units. The role of nurses is also affected by many of the specific requirements of the work that they need to provide the best nursing performance. The study aimed to assess performance of academic nurses at the point of care. A cross-sectional quantitative study, with non-probability purposive sampling, was adopted and recruited (91) critical-care nurses at Hillah City/Iraq, the data was collected during a period of time that began on July 10, 2021, and finished on September 20, 2021. Data was collected through using the questionnaire format and top up by the researcher and analyzed data through using (SPSS -version 25). The majority of the study sample (56.0%) is within the second age group (25-29) years old, (61.5%) are female, single, have a Baccalaureate degree in nursing, within (1-5) years graduate from nursing, with (1-5 years) experience in nursing, and most of them are living in urban areas. The results indicated that the majority of participants had a good performance, overall mean (2.52).
Hemodynamic trends in full term newborns versus late preterms during transition
Authors: Metwalli Eman Mahmoud , Eldin Zahraa Ezz , Aly Hany , Soliman Reem M. , Massih Antoine Fakhry Abdel
Published: March 2022

To define hemodynamic changes in the first 15 minutes of life and at one hour after birth in healthy full term and late preterm neonates using electrical cardiometry. This is a prospective observational study using EC in the first 15 minutes of life and one hour after birth. Two hundred newborns were included in the study and divided into two groups. Group A included 100 healthy full term newborns (?37 weeks gestational age), while group B included 100 late preterms (?34 weeks up to 366 weeks gestational age). Each group was further subdivided according to mode of delivery to vaginal delivery group and elective CS group. The study included 200 newborns. Higher values of PEP were observed in full term than preterm neonates. TFC is higher in CS group when compared to VD group. SVV tends to decrease over time. Oxygen saturation increases over time. The present study provides normative values for PEP, TFC, O2 saturation and SVV during the first hour of life using electrical cardiometry.
Combined effect of ultrasound and manual therapy on cervical pain after maxillofacial surgeries
Authors: Hamdi Ahmed Adel Ali , Khalaf Mohamed Mahmoud Abdel Khalik , Abdullah Abdel Aziz Baiomy , Khalil Ereny Sobhy Wahba , Waked Intsar S.
Published: March 2022

Cervical pain is a common complication post maxillofacial surgeries ranging from weeks to months. Purpose: to evaluate combined effect of ultrasound and manual therapy on cervical pain after maxillofacial surgeries in patients who had maxillofacial surgeries and had cervical pain. Methods: - forty five (23 males and 22 females) patients with cervical pain after maxillofacial surgeries were randomly divided into three equal group3. Group (A) received Ultrasound addition to Manual Therapy. Group (B) received Manual Therapy only. Group(C) received only Ultrasound treatment. Results: - The result showed that there was a significant decrease in cervical pain and a significant increase in cervical ROM using Manual Therapy combined with Ultrasound better than Manual Therapy or Ultrasound only. Conclusion: Both types (Manual Therapy and Ultrasound) are effective in deceasing cervical pain after maxillofacial surgeries that is reflected by decreasing cervical pain and increasing cervical ROM.
Phenolic compounds from Thymus vulgaris, Artemisia annua extracts and pure Thymol were tested against twenty Pseudomonas spp. strains for antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities
Authors: Al-Mothafar Noora A. , Al-Shahwany Ayyad W.
Published: March 2022

The widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics has resulted in antibiotic resistance for many human bacterial infections, making multi-drug resistance a significant challenge in the treatment of infectious diseases. The antibacterial impact of phenolic plant extracts has been studied in new and different ways. The phenolic extract of Thymus vulgaris, Artemisia annua and pure thymol were used to study bacterial biofilm formation. In addition, the experiments were carried out to determine the lowest inhibitory concentrations in order to evaluate the antibacterial impact (MICs) against 20 isolations of Pseudomonas species. In this report, the plant extract was analyzed by HPLC techniques to determine the Thymol value. Although the Thymus vulgaris and Artemisia annua phenolic plant extracts and pure thymol concentrations (50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.125, 1.250 and 0.006 mg/ml) (W/V)) were used through antibiotic and biofilm inhibition assay. The best results of MICs of T. vulgaris, A. annua extract and pure Thymol against bacteria isolates were 5.000 mg/ml, 1.250 mg/ml and 0.006 mg/ml, respectively. Stimulatory, the effect of T. vulgaris, A. annua extract and pure Thymol on biofilm formation were gave 10 mg/ml, 5mg/ml and 0.006 mg/ml respectively.
Distribution of congenital anomals in children, risk factors
Authors: Mirzarakhimova K. R. , Umarov B. A. , Kasimova D. A. , Sadikova G. E. , Akhmadalieva N. O. , Kamilov A. A.
Published: March 2022

In world congenital anomalies are serious medical and social problem.  They doubled over last decade 20th century and played significant role in the structure pathology and mortality in the infant, perinatal and children. Now time is 1800 out of 10,000 children born with congenital anomalies. Through progress made in our country in the future reform health system strengthening and the protection of the health children, congenital abnormalities play leading role in the structure morbidity disability and mortality. Reasons development of 40-60% anomalies is unknown. Apply the term "sporadic the defect of birth", meaning unknown cause, accidental appearance and low risk re appearance have future children. For 20-25% of anomalies more likely "multi-factor" reason - complex interaction many small genetic defects and risk factors environmental environment. The rest 10-13% of anomalies associated with the influence environment. Only 12-25% of anomalies have purely genetic causes (Akhmadalieva et al., 2020). Statistics shows disproportionate a high proportion of the total number survivors newborns premature children who suffer physical, intellectual and emotional disability.
Assessment of efficacy of transcaudal injection in patients with chronic low back pain
Authors: Takale Santosh , Gunaki Ravindra B. , Patil Sandeep
Published: March 2022

Background: Chronic low back pain, which has negative effects on life and which causes labor force loss, is an important community health problem. The present study was conducted to assess efficacy of transcaudal injection in patients with chronic low back pain. Materials & Methods: 94 patients of chronic low back pain of both genders were hospitalized and 20 mL, triamcinolone, prilocaine and bupivacaine were administered. Visual analog scale was used for both low back and radicular pain. Parameters such as straight leg rising (SLR) degree, hand finger-floor distance (HFFD) were determined. Results: Out of 94, there were 46 males and 48 females. Common surgical indications were spinal instability in 44, signs of conus medullaris, cauda equina in 26, neurologic claudication in 16 and neurologic deficit in 8 cases. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). VAS (Radicular pain) at 1 month was 7.6, at 3 months was 4.3 and at 6 months was 2.6. VAS (back pain) was 8.4 at 1 month, 6.2 at 3 months and 3.1 at 6 months. The mean straight leg rising was 40.6 degree at 1 month, 60.3 degree at 3 months and 72.4 degree at 6 months.
Lymphocytic thyroiditis
Authors: Gupta Ishani , Kour Bhavneet , Jandial Roopali , Suri Jyotsna
Published: March 2022

Sixty five cases of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis were included in the study. Most of the study subjects were females [61 cases (94%)] and male to female ratio was 1:15. The most common age group was ? 40 years (52 cases, 80%). Grade I lymphocytic thyroiditis was observed in seventeen (17 cases, 26%) cases, Grade II in twenty eight cases (28 cases, 43.07%) and Grade III thyroiditis was seen in twenty (20 cases, 31%) cases. Anti-TPO and TSH values were increased in 95% (19/20) of cases with grade 3 lymphoid infiltrate, 92.8% (26/28) of cases with grade 2, and 94.1% (16/17) of cases with grade 1. The diagnosis of Hashimoto Thyroiditis should be based on a multidisciplinary approach wherein clinical, radiological, biochemical, cytological, and radionuclide parameters are taken into consideration. However, in spite of the availability of different diagnostic modalities, demonstration of lymphocytic infiltration on cytologic smears still remains the gold standard.
Physicochemical and bio-metabolite characterizations of chitosan isolated from American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) and cricket (Acheta domesticus)
Authors: Umar Zainab Garba , Abalaka Moses E. , Daniyan Safiya Yahaya , Babayi Hausatu , Adeniyi Kamoru Abdulazeez
Published: March 2022

Background: Chitosan is gaining increased research interest due to its wide range of potential applications in the field of biotechnology, medicine and pharmacology, agriculture, textiles, cosmetics and wastewater treatments. This study was designed specifically to explore locally available chitosan from American cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) and cricket (Acheta domesticus) as an alternative source of chitosan for industrial application. Methods: Chitosan was extracted by alkaline deacetylation of chitin and were physicochemically characterized using Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), degree of deacetylation (DD), solubility and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Results: The yielding proportion of Chitosan obtained from P. americana and A. domesticus were 99.7 and 90.6%. The cockroach and cricket chitosan have the same degree of deacetylation of 90.3 % and 88.5%respectively. The FTIR Spectroscopy of the chitosan from P. americana and A. domesticus revealed that the obtained chitosan was in alpha polymorphic form. This fact was confirmed by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) which shows the morphology of the chitosans from both insects. Chitosan from Cockroach and crickets compares favourably and were found to exhibit some similarities. It was established that P. americana chitosan was more soluble in dilute acetic acid with about 102.1% solubility, while A. domesticus chitosan had 93%. The GCMS analysis revealed the presence of a class of compounds like benzene derivative, alkene derivative, bicycle derivative, bicycle alcohol derivative, multiple cyclic compounds, saturated tricycle and derivatives of chloroalkane, fatty acid, saturated, and saturated alcohol. Conclusion: Based on all these qualities possessed by the chitosan of both insects, they can replace commercial chitin and chitosan in terms of utilization and applications. Therefore, both insects are promising alternative sources of chitin and chitosan.
All that glitters isn’t gold – acknowledging limitations in scientific manuscripts [presentation]
Authors: ter Riet Gerben
Published: March 2022

Twenty-minute talk about how we (might) acknowledge limitations of our own work in our own work or adopt multiverse analysis to provide more insight into the uncertainties surrounding most scientific output in biomedicine.
The promises and challenges of aqueous Zinc-Sulfur batteries
Authors: Wang Yunxiao
Published: March 2022

The aqueous Zinc-Sulfur (Zn-S) batteries hold significant promise for next-generation batteries due to their high theoretical specific capacity S (1,672 mA h g−1), their high safety, and the low price of sulfur. Nevertheless, the electrochemistry of the aqueous Zn-S batteries is still unclear, and their multifarious irreversible reactions also indicate their complexity. In this perspective, we have summarized the fundamental properties of and the current challenges for aqueous Zn-S batteries. Moreover, future opportunities for the development of aqueous Zn-S batteries are proposed.
Modern methods of hacking and protection software
Authors: Бейсенбек Е.Б. , Дузбаев Н.Т.
Published: March 2022

В статье представлены основные отличия лицензионного продукта от контрафактной копии, также были разобраны способы и методы обороны продукта, помимо этого представлен список инструментов,применяемых взломщиками (хакерами) для взлома программ,с краткими описаниями.Кроме того, в статье вы можете найти некоторые из основных методов взлома продукта. В процессе исследования внимание было обращено настатистикупримененияпиратского продукта встранах СНГ,предоставленнуюкомпанией BSA(BusinessSoftwareAlliance),основанной в 1988 году, которая представляет интересы крупнейших в мире разработчиков программного обеспечения и ведет борьбу с нарушениями авторских прав на программное обеспечение, создаваемое членами этой организации. Итогом исследованиясталирекомендации по использованию продуктов для защиты ПО с описанием каждого из них.

The article delineatesthe main differences between a licensed product and a counterfeit copy, also analyzesthe ways andmethods of protecting the product. Additionally, it presents a list of tools with brief descriptions used by crackers (hackers) to crack programsandsome of the basic methods of hacking a product. Theresearchhinges onthe statistics on the use of pirated productsamong the CIS countries provided by BSA (Business Software Alliance), set upin 1988, which represents the interests of the world's largest software developers and fights against copyright infringement on the software created by its members. Asa result,the studypresentssome comments on the nature of the analyzed software protection products andsuggests recommendations on theiruse.