bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fragility curves of masonry buildings in aggregate accounting for local mechanisms and site effects
Authors: Angiolilli Michele , Brunelli Andrea , Cattari Serena
Published: July 2022

Masonry buildings in aggregate are largely diffused within the existing Italian and European building stock, especially in historical centres. Their seismic evaluation represents a difficult and open task that has not been exhaustively investigated so far. The study proposes a procedure aimed at evaluating the potential impact of the combination of local mechanisms and site-amplification in terms of fragility curves on an existing masonry aggregate. The latter consists of five adjacent structural units mutually interacting with each other during seismic sequences. The aggregate is inspired by the unreinforced masonry (URM) built heritage of the historic centre of Visso struck by the Central Italy 2016/2017 earthquakes. It was proved to be negatively affected especially by the site-amplification phenomena. The in-plane (IP) response of URM buildings was simulated through nonlinear dynamic analyses performed on a 3D equivalent frame model of the structure, whereas out-of-plane (OOP) mechanisms were analysed by adopting the rigid-block assumption but assuming as seismic input the floor accelerations derived from the post-processing of data derived from the global 3D model. Also an innovative procedure considering the pounding effect to the global response of the building was presented. Two soil conditions were assumed with (freefield) and without (bedrock case) site amplification. In the first case, a site response analysis based on a 1D soil model aimed to reproduce the actual soil profile under the examined aggregate has been carried out. The results showed that site effects strongly affected the seismic vulnerability of the aggregate, also possibly altering the combination between IP and OOP mechanisms with respect to what expected on basis of evidence from other historical centres. More specifically, for bedrock condition, the overall seismic response of the buildings in aggregate was strongly affected by such a combination, especially for medium-high damage levels where local mechanisms were prevailing with respect to the IP response. Conversely, for freefield condition, IP mainly governed the overall behaviour for all the damage levels, consistently with the field evidence. The result appears also affected by the architectural configuration of such buildings, characterized by quite large openings at ground floor.
Metabolomics analysis reveals metabolite changes during freeze-drying and heat drying of Angelica dahuric
Authors: Wu Qinghua , Yan Qi , Jiang Lan , Chen Cuiping , Huang Xulong , Zhu Xinglong , Zhou Tao , Chen Jiang , Yan Jie , Wen Feiyan , Pei Jin
Published: July 2022

Angelica dahurica (Angelica dahurica Fisch. ex Hoffm.) is a traditional Chinese medicine with active ingredients, including coumarins and volatile oil. Drying is closely associated with the qualities of Chinese medicinal materials. An increasing body of evidence suggests that coumarin content is upregulated with increased temperature within a certain range; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study sought to determine the key differential metabolites and metabolic pathways related to this phenomenon. Liquid Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) based targeted metabolomics analysis was performed on Angelica dahurica that were freeze-dried and heat dried. 995 metabolites were detected, and 193 differentially metabolites were identified as key differential metabolites, most of which were upregulated under heat drying. Furthermore, the common metabolic pathways of paired comparison groups were performed based on KEEG annotation and enrichment analysis. It is speculated that the increase of coumarin content is caused by phenylalanine pathway activation under moderate heat treatment. This study revealed the large-scale recombination events of metabolites in Angelica dahurica. First, we identified additional active secondary metabolites apart from coumarins, and volatile oil was significantly accumulated in Angelica dahurica. We further explored the specific metabolite changes and mechanism of the phenomenon of coumarin upregulation caused by temperature rise. These results provide a theoretical reference for future research on the composition and processing method of Angelica dahurica.
Externally Validated AI Model to Identify Prodromal Parkinson’s Disease from ECG
Authors: Akbilgic Oguz , KARABAYIR Ibrahim , Gunturkun Fatma , Goldman Samuel , Kamaleswaran Rishikesan , Davis Robert L , Colletta Kalea , Chinthala Lokesh , Jefferies John L , Bobay Kathleen , Ross George , Petrovitch Helen , Masaki Kamal , Tanner Caroline
Published: July 2022

Autonomic nervous system pathology manifests early in Parkinson’s disease (PD) course. Although heart rate variability measured by a 5-minute electrocardiogram (ECG) is reported to be reduced in PD, little is known about ECG markers during prodromal stage, and brief 10-second ECGs have been rarely studied. The aim of the study is to build externally validated ECG based fully automatic artificial intelligence (AI) model to predict PD risk during prodromal stage. We obtained data for PD and date/age/sex/race-matched control subjects from Loyola University Chicago (LUC) and University of Tennessee-Methodist Le Bonheur Healthcare (MLH). We used AI to predict PD risk from standard 10-second 12-lead ECGs performed between 6-months-5 years before diagnosis. The prediction model was built with MLH data and externally validated with LUC data. We identified 131 cases/1058 controls at MLH and 29 cases/165 controls at LUC. We initially trained models on 90% of the MLH data and internally validated them in the remaining 10%. The best performing model with an internal validation was a convolutional neural network model. External validation with LUC data yielded an AUC of 0.67. When we considered only ECGs obtained 6-months to 1-year preceding PD diagnosis, the external validation AUC was 0.74. Using only ECG, we built a predictive model that correctly classified individuals with prodromal PD with moderate accuracy. The model was effective in an independent cohort, particularly closer to disease diagnosis. Standard ECGs may help to identify individuals with prodromal PD for inclusion in disease-modifying therapeutic trials.
Introduction of STexS Ⅱ: implementing ‘Com probes’ to enhance specificity of high Tm mutant probes
Authors: Kim Jae Jong , Park Hyoung Min , Kyoung A. Young , Lim Si-Kyu , Cha Sun Ho , Lee J. Eugene , Park Byoung Chul
Published: July 2022

The initial introduction of utilizing double helix structural oligonucleotides known as SNP typing with excellent specificity (STexS) in a standard PCR greatly improved detecting single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) by enhancing amplification rates of primer-matching strands and interrupting mismatched strands by constant instability of kinetics regarding alignment attaching and detaching. The model was overall beneficial in detecting SNP mutations which were consisting large amounts of wildtype strands such as EGFR mutation genotyping for early detection of non-small cell lung cancer. While the STexS PCR is advantageous in detecting SNPs and biomarkers, limitations were yet observed. Despite the ability of detecting variants 10 times more effective than a typical amplification-refractory mutation system (ARMS) PCR, it could only perform optimally in DNA concentrations around 101~105. To further enhance STexS specificity to perform detecting viral-RNA variants such as the infamous SARS-CoV-2, a novel improvement of the regular TaqMan Probe using Com-probes to inhibit high copy wild targets and amplify low copy mutant targets. By introducing the novel STexS Ⅱ, omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 was able to be successfully detected in high concentrations of normal genes.
Amino-terminated SiO2-Al2O3 composite aerogels from fly ash for improved removal of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions in wastewater: one-pot synthesis, excellent adsorption capacity and mechanism
Authors: Yan Furong , Liu Yanxian , Wang Haolei , Zhang Mei , Guo Min
Published: July 2022

In this study, by using a sol-gel grafting-atmospheric drying method, amino-terminated SiO2-Al2O3 composite aerogels, namely 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) or 3-(2-amino-ethoxy) propylmethyldimethoxysilane (AEAPMDS) modified SiO2-Al2O3 aerogels (AMSAAs), were synthesized from the fly ash, and verified as excellent sorbents for removing heavy metal ions (Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions) from wastewater. The effects of modification conditions and testing parameters including pH value, adsorbent dose, initial ions concentration and adsorption time on the micro-structure of AMSAAs and the removal of heavy metal ions were systematically investigated. And the adsorption mechanism was revealed. Results demonstrated that 0.2 mol/L APTES modified aerogels possessed (0.2APTES-SAAs) the best adsorption properties. Under the optimal pH value of 4.0–6.0 and the adsorbent dose of 0.4–0.6 g/L, the equilibrium adsorption capacities of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions were as high as 195 mg/g and 500 mg/g within 20–30 min, respectively. The adsorption processes were agreed fairly well with Freundlich isotherm adsorption model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, which indicated that the adsorption processes were heterogeneous multilayer adsorption and controlled by the chemical reaction between AMSAAs and heavy metal ions.
Prison Health is Community Health: The Indiana Peer Education Program
Authors: Janota Andrea D. , Hibbard Patrick F. , Meadows Meghan E. , Cocco John P. , Carr Abigail L. , Nichols Deborah , Chapman Erika , Maupomé Gerardo , Duwve Joan
Published: July 2022

Background: Concerning health inequities have been found in incarcerated populations, which likely impact broader community health. This paper evaluates the Indiana Peer Education Program (INPEP ECHO), an initiative that aims to improve health knowledge using the Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) model to train people incarcerated in Indiana prisons (USA) as peer health educators inside prisons. Peer educators undergo a 40-hour training and then facilitate 10-hour long health education workshops inside their facilities over several days.Methods: We assessed the changes observed in pre- and post-session survey responses to estimate the impact this program had on peer educators and those they teach via multivariate regression analysis. We also examined peer educator qualitative data for emergent themes and confirmation of survey findings.Results: Findings from the 10-hour workshops showed improved knowledge scores and post-release behavior intentions. Peer educator surveys indicated increases in knowledge, health attitudes, and self-efficacy scores. Qualitative analysis affirms the latter finding and points toward peer educators acquiring expertise in the content they teach and how to teach it and that positive results likely expand beyond participants to others in prison, their families, and the communities to which they return. Further, peer educators shared they felt new purpose and hope tied to their participation in INPEP ECHO. Although these survey results show positive change in the short term, such improvements have been shown in other research to lead to improved middle- and long-term outcomes.Conclusions: Though preliminary, results indicate this type of public health intervention, training incarcerated individuals as peer educators on health topics, appears to increase important health knowledge and behavior intentions, which will likely lead to improvements in personal and public health outcomes. Results also point toward specific improvements associated with peers providing the education, and not external sources. The skills participants attain, as well, seem to increase their sense of purpose and self-efficacy, which have been shown to precede desistance from crime. While more work is necessary, the high costs associated with treating diseases like hepatitis C point toward an urgent need for programs like INPEP.
TTLA: Two-way Trust Between Clients and Fog Servers Using Bayesian Learning Automata
Authors: Bakhtiari Niloofar Barati , Rafighi Masood , Ahsan Reza
Published: July 2022

Fog computing (FC) is a promising paradigm to use as an efficientarchitecture for the Internet of Things applications. Proximity, low latency,flexible resource power, and distributed structure of this architecture are somebenefits of it. A huge number of generated data and their requisites to real-timeprocess causes fog nodes offload number of tasks to the others that make trustissues. Here, each clients prefers to offload task to a trusted server, also eachserver tends to service the trusted clients. This may takes a long especiallywhen we want to consume less energy. In order to encounter this problem,in this paper, we propose a two-way trust management strategy based onBayesian learning automata. The proposed approach outperforms the otherstate-of-the-art approaches in terms of the energy consumption, network usage,latency, response time, and trust value.
The relationship between nutritional status and prognosis in advanced cancer patients in palliative care: a retrospective study
Authors: Mao Ting , Zhao Weiwei , Chen Menglei , Zhang Xiaoju
Published: July 2022

Purpose The study aimed to determine the severe nutritional status, related factors, and its effect on the prognosis of patients with advanced cancer.Methods The study consisted of 208 patients. The nutritional status of the patients was evaluated by the biochemical factors (serum albumin, transferrin and hemoglobin levels), anthropometric parameters (body weight change and BMI), questionnaires (PG-SGA) and physical activity (KPS). Severe nutritional status was diagnosed with the PG-SGA score of ≥9. The factors related to nutritional status were determined using a logistic regression analysis. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the log-rank test were used to calculate OS. The effect of poor nutritional status on survival was performed by Cox regression analysis.Results The median age was 64 years (28–89). Severe nutritional status was found in 56.4% of patients according to PG-SGA. The factors associated with severe nutritional status according to PG-SGA were age, BMI＜18.5 kg/m2, KPS < 80, anemia, nutrition impact symptoms (loss of appetite, sleep disturbance, constipation and weight loss), pre-albumin＜200mg/L, albumin＜35g/L, and CRP≥10mg/L. The median overall survival significantly decreased with severe nutritional status according to PG-SGA (p < 0.011), fatigue (p = 0.039), weight loss (p = 0.009) and cancer type (p = 0.026).Conclusion Severe nutritional status is a common factor associated with poor prognosis in advanced cancer patients. Patients should be assessed for nutritional status and supported.
Changes in Smile Parameters Following Surgical-orthodontic Treatment for Skeletal Class III Malocclusion
Authors: Cheng Hsing-Chung , Hsu Ching-Cheng , Moreira Ricardo Aristides Cruz , Chen Li-Sheng
Published: July 2022

PurposeTo analyze differences in smile parameters following surgical-orthodontics in skeletal Class III patients with mandibular prognathism and to identify factors affecting smile parameters after orthognathic surgery.Materials and Methods:These retrospective study comprised of thirty-four patients, diagnosed as having skeletal Class III malocclusion with pure mandible prognathism, were treated with surgical-orthodontics in Taipei Medical University Hospital. Hard and soft tissue variables were measured through lateral cephalometry, and smile esthetics were measured using extraoral photographs. Postoperative changes in smile parameters and differences between sexes were analyzed using the t test. The relationship among smile parameters were analyzed using the Pearson correlation. Random forest methods and decision tree deep learning models were used to identify the variables associated with asymmetry after surgery.Results:Postoperatively, the buccal corridor (p = 0.024), upper lip height (C1) (p = 0.003), and smile index (p = 0.031) were significantly different. The upper midline and right chelion were significantly different between sexes. A very strong positive correlation was observed between the upper lip height and upper lip ratio and between the lower lip height and lower lip ratio; a strong positive correlation was observed between lower teeth exposure and the interlabial gap and between the right chelion and left chelion. By contrast, a strong negative correlation was observed between lower teeth exposure and the smile index and between the smile index and interlabial gap. The following smile parameters associated with asymmetry exhibited the most changes after surgery: lower lip area, interlabial gap, smile index, buccal corridor, and arc ratio.Conclusions:Following orthognathic surgery, marked changes were noted in skeletal, dental, and soft tissue parameters, but smile esthetics changed less from the frontal view. The most changes regarding asymmetry after surgery were noted in the lower lip area, interlabial gap, smile index, buccal corridor, and arc ratio in this order.
Transcriptome analysisand development of SSR markers in Sumac (Rhus coriariaL.), and population structure analysis of sumac in Turkey
Authors: Gürcan Kahraman , Kılınçer İlyas , Khanyile Lungelo
Published: July 2022

Sumac ( Rhus coriaria L.) is known for medicinal properties since at least the time of Theophrastus in the ancient Graeco-Roman time. Indeed, in the last decade, vast number of scientific papers demonstrated the benefits of multifunctional sumac in pharmaceutical, food, and textile industries. However, genetic and genomic information is scarce for sumac. In this study, RNA-seq transcriptome data consisting of 72,554 unigenes with an average length of 869 nt was produced for sumac. The transcripts were considered for further downstream analysis of GO, COG, and KEGG. The sumac transcripts showed highest mapping rate to pistachio genome (97%) followed by poison ivy (95%) and mango (91%). In total, 11.177 SSR loci di-, tri- tetra-, penta-, and hexa-nucleotide motif loci with minimum of 5 repeats were identified. Phylogenetic and structure analysis of 64 sample collected from a wide geographic region in Turkey were studied with eight polymorphic SSR loci. Structure analysis showed existence of two sub-populations in sumac in Turkey. The bushes located in residential areas and used for sumac production were found to be genetically unique as so non-residential bushes. This demonstrates that sumac growing since ancient time has not resulted in selection of superior cultivar, followed by clonal propagation and transfer of clones between territories.
The effect of intravenous milrinone in adult critically ill patients: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Xu Jingyuan , Zhang Yanjie , Jiang Jie , Yang Yi , Guo Fengmei
Published: July 2022

Background
Milrinone is widely used for enhancing myocardial contractility, however, there is inadequate data to suggest it is preferable to other inotropic agents. To observe the effect of milrinone on prognosis in adult critically ill patients, we conducted this meta-analysis.
Methods
A search of the following databases was conducted: Medline, Elsevier, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Web of Science databases, and eligible randomized controlled trials including adult critically ill patients were screened. Two reviewers collected data separately, information was retrieved including study design, center number, sample size, gender, age, intervention and outcome. Data were analyzed using methods recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration Review Manager 4.2 software. Random errors were evaluated by trial sequential analysis (TSA).
Results
Twenty studies including 2036 patients compared milrinone with control group were enrolled. When compared to control group, the incidence of ventricular arrhythmia decreased significantly in milrinone group in patients with cardiac surgery, but not in patients with cardiac dysfunction and shock. There was no significant reduction in the incidence of myocardial infarction, all-cause mortality and no improvement of hemodynamic paramenters in the milrinone group. TSA indicated lack of firm evidence for a beneficial effect.
Conclusions
The meta-analysis showed when compared with control group, the incidence of ventricular arrhythmia decreased significantly in patients with cardiac surgery, but not in patients with cardiac dysfunction and shock who applying milrinone, while there was no significant reduction in the incidence of myocardial infarction, all-cause mortality and no improvement of hemodynamics.
Indigofera oblongifolia Forssk. - An important underutilized multi-use leguminous shrub of Indian hot arid region
Authors: Singh Jai Prakash , Kannan Venkatesan , Patidar Anil , Kumar Mahesh , Swami Saurabh , Kumar Mahesh , Ranganathan Saranya , Patil Niteen Vasant
Published: July 2022

Species of Indigofera are important source of forage particularly in hot arid region and temperate areas. I . oblongifolia is one of the important underutilized leguminous browse shrub for small ruminants in hot arid region of India and traditionally utilize for its medicinal value. Its irregular patchy distribution was observed in depression of rocky areas, bunds of farmer fields and along the depression on the road sides in Jaisalmer and Pali district during collection. Soil samples collected from Pali district have high level of pH and electrical conductivity as compared to Jaisalmer which indicates its suitability to saline areas. It exhibited good plant growth in Jodhpur with respect to plant height (171.5 cm), number of branches (47.9) and canopy diameter (100-210 and 115-180 cm in north-south and east-west direction, respectively) after twelve months of planting in fields under protected condition. Phytochemical analysis revealed the richness of its leaves on total phenols, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity and its suitability as a browse species to ruminants in rangelands. The present study provides scientific information on distribution, browsing value, plant growth and traits variation, phytochemical, and its potential for forage and medicinal value for its sustainable utilization in rangelands of the Indian hot arid region.
APOE E4 is associated with cognitive decline but not with disease risk or age of onset in Nigerians with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Okubadejo Njideka , Okunoye Olaitan , Ojo Oluwadamilola , Arabambi Babawale , Akinyemi Rufus , Osaigbovo Godwin , Abubakar Sani , Iwuozo Emmanuel , Wahab Kolawole , Agabi Osigwe , Agulanna Uchechi , Imarhiagbe Frank , Abiodun Oladunni , Achoru Charles , Adebowale Akintunde , Adeniji Olaleye , Akpekpe John , Alli Mohammed , Ani-Osheku Ifeyinwa , Arigbodi Ohwotemu , Balarabe Salisu , Bello Abiodun , Ekenze Oluchi , Erameh Cyril , Farombi Temitope , Fawale Michael , Komolafe Morenikeji , Nwani Paul , Nwazor Ernest , Nyandaiti Yakub , Obehighe Emmanuel , Obiabo Yahaya , Odeniyi Olanike , Odiase Francis , Ojini Francis , Onwuegbuzie Gerald , Osemwegie Nosakhare , Oshinaike Olajumoke , Otubogun Folajimi , Oyakhire Shyngle , Taiwo Funlola , Williams Uduak , Ozomma Simon , Zubair Yusuf , Curtis David , Hernandez Dena , Bandrés-Ciga Sara , Blauwendraat Cornelis , Singleton Andrew , Houlden Henry , Hardy John , Rizig Mie
Published: July 2022

The relationship between APOE polymorphisms and Parkinson’s disease (PD) in black Africans has not been previously investigated. We evaluated the association between APOE polymorphic variability and cognition in 1100 Nigerians with PD and 1097 matched healthy controls. Cognition in PD was assessed using the single item cognition question (item 1.1) of the MDS-UPDRS. APOE genotype and allele frequencies did not differ between PD and controls (p > 0.05). No allelic or genotypic association was observed between APOE and age at onset of PD. In PD, APOE ε4/ε4 conferred a two-fold risk of cognitive impairment compared to one or no ε4 (HR: 2.09 (95%CI: 1.13–3.89; p = 0.02)), while APOE ε2 was associated with modest protection against cognitive impairment (HR: 0.41 (95%CI 0.19–0.99, p = 0.02)). Altogether, our findings support previous studies in other ancestries, implying a role for APOE ε4 and ε2 as risk and protective factors respectively for cognitive decline in PD.
Amino acid PET-MRI of malignant gliomas for biopsy planning
Authors: Harat Maciej , Rakowska Józefina , Harat Marek , Szylberg Tadeusz , Furtak Jacek , Miechowicz Izabela , Małkowski Bogdan
Published: July 2022

Accurate determination of the border and grade of malignant gliomas is critical to patient management. Contrast-enhancing areas in MRI sequences of malignant gliomas are a target for biopsy, surgery, and radiation therapy, but there can be discrepancies between these areas and the actual extent of tumor. Here we prospectively collected over 400 serial biopsy specimens from 23 patients with contrast-enhancing high-grade gliomas using hybrid PET-MRI sequences to assess the utility of this imaging approach for obtaining accurate biopsies. In 35% cases, the biopsy result was changed to a higher tumor grade after the inclusion of FET-positive sites. In all cases, high FET uptake was visualized and confirmed outside areas of contrast enhancement on MRI, indicative of high-grade glioma. FET-PET can therefore be used to locate the most malignant areas of contrast-enhancing gliomas, thereby impacting consequent management.
Prescient Diagnostic Analysis for boron nutritional status in soy crops
Authors: Traspadini Edilaine Istéfani Franklin , Wadt Paulo Guilherme Salvador , Prado Renato de Mello , Roque Cassiano Garcia , Wassolowski Carlos Roberto
Published: July 2022

Boron is the most limiting micronutrient for soybean yield; therefore, accurate identification of its nutritional status is important for adequate fertilization management and maximize soybean yield potential. Currently, tools for nutritional status interpretation of B, such as the CND and DRIS are used; however, their efficacy is not considered to identify the true nutritional status of B. Here, we investigated the efficacy of these methods to identify the nutritional status of B in 140 commercial soybean crops to obtain nutritional standards for the DRIS and CND methods. In addition, an experiment of B dose calibration (0, 300, 600, 1200 and 1800 g ha-1) was installed to assess the quality of nutritional diagnoses using the PDA. We tested the limits of 0.25, 0.50, and 1.00 for the NRr and values of 1%, 5%, or 10% for YR. The DRIS method was more effective and, on average, its variations increased yield by 27% compared to CND, with the best performance of DRIS when NRr = 1.00 was adopted with 10% for YR. This study highlights the need for reliable and accurate diagnostic methods with global implications for crop sustainability by improving the efficacy of B fertilization programs and crop yield.
Singlet oxygen generation for selective oxidation of emerging pollutants in a flow-by electrochemical system based on natural air diffusion cathode
Authors: Li Yi , Xie Shiwei , Yao Jiaxiong
Published: July 2022

The decay of free radicals involved in side reactions is one of the challenges faced by electrochemical degradation of organic pollutants. To this end, a non-radical oxidation process was constructed by a natural air diffusion cathode (ADC) and a RuO2-Ti anode for cathodic hydrogen peroxide activation by anodic chlorine evolution. The ADC fabricated by the carbon black of BP2000 produced a stable concentration of hydrogen peroxide of 339.94 mg/L (current efficiency of 73.4%) without aeration, which was superior to the cathode made by the carbon black of XC72. The flow-by electrochemical system consisted of an ADC and a RuO2-Ti anode showed high selectivity to aniline compared to benzoate. Quenching experiments revealed the main active intermediate responsible for the pollutant degradation was singlet oxygen (1O2), which was also identified by the electron spin resonance (ESR) analysis. Finally, the steady-stable content of 1O2 was quantitatively determined to be 6.25×10− 11 M by the method of furfuryl alcohol (FFA) probe. Our findings provide a fast, low energy consumption and well controlled electrochemical oxidation method for selective degradation of organic pollutants.
Low delay flexible paper-based electrode for capacitive sensor filled through carbon-based materials
Authors: Liu Huan , Quan Jingran , Wang Junyao , Hou Qi , Wang Rui , Cui Bowen , Lang Tianhong , Chen Yansong , Pan Hongxu , Xu Jianxin , Yang Hanbo , Li Lixiang , Liu Yahao
Published: July 2022

Flexible electrodes are widely used in the manufacture of flexible sensors and wearable devices. However, with the development of science and technology and the large-scale utilization of metal resources, the question whether alternative materials can be found to ease the use of metal materials has been raised. Among them, paper-based electrodes have attracted special attention in the industry because of their degradability, low cost and high flexibility. Therefore, a low delay flexible paper-based electrode filled for capacitive sensors is proposed through carbon materials. Different from discussing the influence of single fiber, the paper-based electrode is manufactured by wet process. The effects of different fiber substrates on the physical properties and electrical signal properties of paper-based electrodes were discussed. The results show that the paper-based electrode has high conductivity, which is 18.52 S/cm. And there is a low delay in the process of electrical signal transmission. The phase frequency angle hardly changes at the signal frequency of 1 kHz, and the change of phase frequency angle is only 4.9 ° at the signal frequency of 300 kHz. The thickness of the guided electric paper is about 90 μm. Lower than common paper products. This study shows that the paper-based electrode has the advantages of high conductivity, low hysteresis, light and thin, which provides the possibility to be used as a flexible electrode.
Climate Obstruction and Facebook Advertising: How a Sample of Climate Obstruction Organizations Use social media to Disseminate Discourses of Delay
Authors: Mckie Ruth , Holder Faye , Mirza Sanober , Carbone Jake , Ngo-Lee Namson
Published: July 2022

In this article, we present the results of a content analysis of a sample of fossil fuel corporations, trade associations, and advocacy groups' ads using Facebook ad services during the election year from January 2020 to January 2021. Drawing on Habermas Theory of the Public Sphere, we argue that these climate obstruction organizations used big data to 1) disseminate discourses of delay and 2) target specific user categories on this platform. Using a re-developed typology by Miller and Lellis (2016) used by fossil fuel companies to describe the messages presented to stakeholders and the public, we found that different organizations used these messages to reinforce pre-existing beliefs on the importance of fossil fuels. In doing so, these organizations could use echo chambers to reassert their interests in the public voice and support standards of behavior that rely on fossil fuels to protect their industries. Moreover, these advertisements represent the evolving misinformation playbook from climate obstruction organizations that require further attention and consideration when assessing Facebook policies on misinformation, misleading claims and voluntarily responding to this misinformation without further regulation.
Effect of the mirror force on the collision rate due to energetic electron precipitation: Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Katoh Yuto , Rosendahl Paul Simon , Ogawa Yasunobu , Hiraki Yasutaka , Tadokoro Hiroyasu
Published: July 2022

We study the effect of the mirror force on the collision rate due to the energetic electron precipitation into the ionosphere. We develop a simulation code for the motion of energetic electrons with the mirror force to solve the variation of the pitch angle of electrons during their precipitation. In this code, a module computing the collision between precipitating energetic electrons and neutral gas using the Monte Carlo method is employed. By combining the developed modules, altitude profiles of the collision rate due to energetic electron precipitation in the keV energy range are investigated, and the effect of the mirror force acting on precipitating electrons is examined. The simulation results show that the influence of the mirror force on the altitude profile of the collision rate is significant for electrons with a high initial pitch angle, corresponding to the pitch angle close to the loss cone. The effect of the mirror force results in the broadening of the altitude profile of the collision upward due to the reflection of mirroring electrons. Simulation results for energetic electrons with kinetic energies above 100 keV show that a secondary peak near the mirror point is formed in the altitude profile of the collision rate. The formation of the secondary peak can be explained by the stagnation of electrons around the mirror point. The relatively long duration staying in neutral gas results in the increase of the collision rate around the mirror point, against the smaller collision cross-section in the higher energy range. Simulation results reveal that the maximum collision rate in the altitude range lower than 100 km becomes one order of magnitude smaller if electrons in the kinetic energy range larger than tens of keV precipitate with the pitch angle close to the loss cone. The results of the present study emphasize the importance of the mirror force for the precise modeling of ionospheric response due to the energetic electron precipitation.
COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance: Knowledge and beliefs
Authors: Alkattan Abdullah , Radwan Nashwa , Mahmoud Nagla , Alkhalifah Ahmed , Alshamlan Ammar , Alkamis Abdullah , Alfaifi Amal , Alanazi Wedad , Alfaleh Amjad , Haji Alhan , Alabdulkareem Khaled
Published: July 2022

Objectives: Vaccine acceptance varies across countries, generations, and the perceived personality of individuals. Investigating the knowledge, beliefs, and acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines among individuals is vital to ensuring adequate health system capacity and procedures and promoting the uptake of the vaccines.Methods: A cross-section study was conducted in 2021 to determine COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among Saudi residents using a new Vaccine Acceptability Questionnaire (VAQ). The VAQ contains 31 questions under three broad items: knowledge, beliefs, and underlying factors for COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.Results: The study included 281 residents to estimate their acceptance to receive COVID-19 vaccination. Around 70% of the included participants had a moderate to high COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate during the data collection period. The risk increases to about two folds among undergraduates [OR=1.846 (1.034-3.296), p-value=0.036)] and increases to four folds among non-employed [OR=3.944 (2.310-6.737), p-value=0.001]. About 78% of participants with high and 44% with low COVID-19 vaccine acceptance (p-value=0.001) believed the vaccines were safe and effective. The belief that COVID-19 disease will be controlled within two years increased the risk for low vaccine acceptance by about two folds [OR=1.730 (1.035-2.891), p-value =0.035]. Good knowledge about COVID-19 vaccination significantly affected the acceptance rate (p-value =0.001). Conclusions: Several factors affect the intention of individuals to receive vaccines. Therefore, building good knowledge and health literacy through educational intervention programs, especially vaccine safety and effectiveness, is important for successful vaccination campaigns among the general population and ensuring control of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Research Trends and Hotspots on Connectomes from 2005 to 2021: A Bibliometric and Latent Dirichlet Allocation Application Study
Authors: Yan Yangye , Fan Guoxin , Liao Xiang , Zhao Xudong
Published: July 2022

Background
This study aimed to conduct a bibliometric analysis of publications on connectomes and illustrate its trends and hotspots using a machine-learning-based text mining algorithm.
Methods
Documents were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database and analyzed in Rstudio 1.3.1. Through quantitative and qualitative methods, the top 20 productive and impact academic journals and authors in the field of connectomes were compared in terms of the total number of publications and h_inde over time. Meanwhile, the countries/regions and institutions involved in connectome research were compared, as well as their scientific collaboration. The study analyzed topics and research trends by R package “bibliometrix”. The major topics of connectomes were classified by Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA).
Results
The entire criteria were met by 6617 publications. Neuroimage outperformed all other relevant journals in terms of publication volume (680 articles) and impact factor (h index:98). The majority of articles were published by developed countries, with the United States having the most. The University of Pennsylvania and Beijing Normal University were the two most productive institutions. Neuroimaging analysis technology and brain functions and diseases were the two major topics of connectome research. The combination with machining learning or deep learning, as well as the focus on deep brain stimulation and hippocampus has been the recent trend in connectome research.
Conclusions
This study offers a comprehensive overview of connectome research and provides researchers with critical information for understanding the recent trends and hotspots of connectomes.
Prognosis of local invasive relapses after carcinoma in situ of the breast: A retrospective study from a population-based registry
Authors: MOHAMMED Samia KADA , Yonli Tienhan Sandrine Dabakuyo , Desmoulins Isabelle , Kamga Ariane Mamguem , Jankowski Clémentine , Padeano Marie-Martine , Loustalot Catherine , Costaz Hélène , Causeret Sylvain , Peignaux Karine , Rouffiac Magali , Coutant Charles , Arnould Laurent , Ladoire Sylvain
Published: July 2022

Purpose: The prognosis of local invasive recurrence (LIR) after prior carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the breast has not been widely studied and existing data are conflicting, especially considering the specific prognosis of this entity, compared to de novo invasive breast cancer (de novo IBC) and with LIR after primary IBC. Methods: We designed a retrospective study using data from the specialized Côte d’Or Breast and Gynecological cancer registry, between 1998 and 2015, to compare outcomes between 3 matched groups of patients with localized IBC: patients with LIR following CIS (CIS-LIR), patients with de novo IBC (de novo IBC) and patients with LIR following a first IBC (IBC-LIR). Distant relapse free (D-RFS), overall survival (OS), clinical and treatment features between the 3 groups were studied. Results: Among 8186 women initially diagnosed with IBC during our study period, we retrieved and matched 49 CIS-LIR to 49 IBC, and 46 IBC-LIR patients. At diagnosis, IBC/LIR in the 3 groups were mainly stage I, grade II, estrogen receptor-positive and HER2 negative. Metastatic diseases at diagnosis were higher in CIS-LIR group. A majority of patients received adjuvant systemic treatment, with no statistically significant differences between the 3 groups. There was no significant difference between the 3 groups in terms of OS or D-RFS. Conclusion: LIR after CIS does not appear to impact per se on survival of IBC, at least when appropriate adjuvant systemic treatments are prescribed.
Significance of m6A Regulators in the Diagnosis and Subtype Classification of Preeclampsia Using the Gene Expression Omnibus Database
Authors: Hou Ying , Zhao Guoqiang , Zhao Jian , Qi Shihong , Du Yichen , Xu Hualin
Published: July 2022

Background: Preeclampsia(PE) is a common obstetric complication, it increases maternal and perinatal mortality. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common modification in eukaryotic mRNA, and this study aimed to investigate the role of m6A regulators in the diagnosis and subtype classification of PE.Methods: The mRNA profiles of GSE48424 and GSE75010 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differential expression analysis of m6A regulators was performed on the blood samples using the limma package of R, and significant results were obtained. A random forest model was used to predict PE. The expression of m6A regulators was also evaluated. Candidate genes were identified, and a nomogram was drawn. Principal component analysis was used to verify the classification of PE patients using a consensus clustering method based on m6A regulators found in serum samples. Infiltrating immune cells in blood samples were evaluated and quantified according to m6A scores. We compared the correlations of different m6A patterns with early-onset preeclampsia (EOPE) and severe preeclampsia (SPE).Results: We screened for the differential expression of three m6A regulators (YTHDF3, HNRNPA2B1, and CBLL1) in serum samples from women with PE and controls. In women with PE, the expression of YTHDF3 and HNRNPA2B1 in placenta and serum was significantly lower than in normal controls. PE can be predicted using a nomogram based on these two genes. Based on m6A regulators, GSE48424 PE patients can be separated into two subgroups (Clusters A and B). Seven immune cell subtypes showed varying degrees of infiltration. Higher m6A scores were found in Cluster A than in Cluster B. PE patients in Cluster B were more likely to have SPE. EOPE and SPE were more likely to occur in PE patients in Cluster A with high m6A scores. Women with SPE or EOPE exhibit high levels of YTHDF3.Conclusions: This study shows that m6A regulators are differentially expressed in serum samples from PE patients and that they have potential diagnostic and typing value. Further research on PE subgroups may lead to more precise prevention and treatment methods.
Hypertension arising after 20 weeks of gestation: gestational hypertension or masked chronic hypertension?
Authors: Espeche Walter , Salazar Martin , Minetto Julian , Sisnieguez Carlos Leiva , Cerri Gustavo , Balbin Eduardo , Stavile Rodolfo , Ramos Patricia Carrera , Soria Adelaida , Santillan Claudia , Grassi Florencia , Torres Soledad , Carbajal Horacio
Published: July 2022

Objectives
the aims were 1- to evaluate the prevalence of masked chronic hypertension in pregnant women classified as gestational hypertension 2- to compare the risks of developing preeclampsia in true gestational hypertension vs those women classified as having gestational hypertension but who had had masked hypertension in the first half of pregnancy.
Methods
We conducted a cohort study in consecutive high-risk pregnancies who were evaluated before 20 weeks of gestation. Women who developed hypertension (office BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg and/or antihypertensive treatment) after 20 weeks of gestation was classified, according to the ABPM performed before 20 weeks of gestation, as having “true” gestational hypertension (if their ABPM before 20 weeks of gestation was normal) or “pseudo” gestational hypertension (if they had masked chronic hypertension). Risks for preeclampsia (PE) were estimated and compared with normotensive women.
Results
Before 20 weeks of gestation, 227 were analyzed (age 32 ± 6 years, median gestation age 15 weeks); 67 had chronic hypertension (29.5%). Of the remaining 160, 39 developed gestational hypertension (16 had true gestational and 23 pseudo gestational hypertension, because they had masked hypertension in the first half of pregnancy). Compared with normotensive pregnant women, true gestational hypertension did not increase the risk of developing PE (OR = 0.76, 95%CI = 0.16–6.65). Conversely, pseudo gestational hypertension increased the risk of PE more than 4 times (0R = 4.47 CI = 1.16–12.63). Risk estimation did not change substantially after the adjustment for multiple possible confounders.
Conclusion
59% of women diagnosed as gestational hypertensives had indeed masked chronic hypertension and a high risk of developing PE.
Examination of a Novel Expression-Based Gene-SNP Annotation Strategy to Identify Tissue-Specific Contributions to Heritability in Multiple Traits
Authors: Mize Travis , Evans Luke
Published: July 2022

Complex traits show clear patterns of tissue-specific expression influenced by single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), yet current strategies aggregate SNP effects to genes by employing simple physical proximity-based windows. Here, we examined whether incorporating only those SNPs with effects on tissue-specific cis-expression would improve our ability to detect trait-relevant tissues across 31 complex traits using stratified linkage disequilibrium score regression (S-LDSC). We found that a physical proximity annotation produced more significant tissue enrichments and larger S-LDSC regression coefficients, as compared to an expression-based annotation. Furthermore, we showed that our expression-based annotation did not outperform an annotation strategy in which an equal number of randomly chosen SNPs were annotated to genes within the same genomic window, suggesting extensive redundancy among SNP effect estimates due to linkage disequilibrium. That said, current sample sizes limit estimation of cis-genetic SNP effects; therefore, we recommend reexamination of the expression-based annotation when larger tissue-specific expression datasets become available. Finally, we report new and updated tissue enrichment estimates across 31 complex traits, such as significant heritability enrichment of the frontal cortex for cognitive performance, educational attainment, and intelligence, providing further evidence of this structure’s importance in higher cognitive function.
A FRET biosensor, SMART, monitors necroptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells in a cisplatin-induced kidney injury model
Authors: Murai Shin , Takakura Kanako , Sumiyama Kenta , Moriwaki Kenta , Terai Kenta , Komazawa-Sakon Sachiko , Yamaguchi Yoshifumi , Mikami Tetuo , Araki Kimi , Ohmuraya Masaki , Matsuda Michiyuki , Nakano Hiroyasu
Published: July 2022

Necroptosis is a regulated form of cell death involved in various pathological conditions, including ischemic reperfusion injuries, virus infections, and drug-induced tissue injuries. However, it is not fully understood when and where necroptosis occurs in vivo. We previously generated a Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor, termed SMART (the sensor for MLKL activation based on FRET), which specifically monitored necroptosis in human and murine cell lines in vitro. Here, we generated transgenic (Tg) mice that expressed the SMART biosensor in various tissues. SMART monitored necroptosis, but not apoptosis or pyroptosis, in primary cells, including peritoneal macrophages and embryonic fibroblasts. Moreover, the FRET signal was elevated in renal tubular cells of cisplatin-treated SMART Tg mice compared to untreated SMART Tg mice. Together, SMART Tg mice may provide a valuable tool for monitoring necroptosis in different types of cells in vitro and in vivo.