bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parent Perspectives on Educational and Psychosocial Intervention for Recent-Onset Type 1 Diabetes in Their School-Age Child: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Marker Arwen M. , Monzon Alexandra D. , Goggin Kathy , Clements Mark A. , Patton Susana R.
Published: December 2020

Objective. The recent-onset period of type 1 diabetes
(T1D) in early school-age children should include comprehensive, parent-focused T1D
education as well as family-centered resources and support to help with
adjustment. Here, we present
parent/caregiver perspectives on specific areas of concern during the
recent-onset period of T1D and their preferred timing for different topics
related to T1D education.

 Methods. Parents/caregivers
of 5- to 9-year-old children with T1D completed a card-sorting task and
qualitative interview to describe ongoing areas of concern and preferred
educational topics during the first year after T1D diagnosis.

 Results. Thirteen parents/caregivers (aged 35.1 ± 6.9
years) of a child with T1D (aged 8.9 ± 0.8 years, 11.3 ± 7.0 months
post-diagnosis) completed the card-sorting task, and 11 completed the
qualitative interview. Parents/caregivers endorsed four preferred stages of
education: basic education and T1D survival skills during month 1
post-diagnosis, application and practice of T1D skills from months 1–3, access
to community supports to cope with anxiety and distress from months 3–6, and
support to build autonomy and manage burnout beyond
month 6 post-diagnosis. Parents/caregivers endorsed four main themes for
ongoing concerns: anxiety, autonomy, distress, and support.

 Conclusion. Parents endorsed
four time points for education and psychosocial services within the first year
of a T1D diagnosis. Parents/caregivers may benefit the most from psychosocial
interventions 3–6 months post-diagnosis, once they have had sufficient time to
develop basic T1D
management skills. These findings support the need for regular parent
psychosocial screening and access to scalable psychosocial interventions in the
first year post-diagnosis of T1D.
Carbohydrate Requirements for Prolonged, Fasted Exercise with and without Basal Rate Reductions in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes on Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII)
Authors: McGaugh Sarah M , Zaharieva Dessi P , Pooni Rubin , D’Souza Ninoschka C , Vienneau Todd , Ly Trang T , Riddell Michael C
Published: December 2020

Objective: Exercising while fasted in type 1 diabetes facilitates
weight loss, however the best strategy to maintain glucose stability remains
unclear.

Research Design and Methods: Fifteen adults on CSII completed three sessions of fasted
walking (120min at 45%VO2peak) in a randomized crossover design: 50%
basal rate reduction set 90min pre-exercise (-90min50%BRR);
usual basal rate with carbohydrate intake (0.3g/kg/hr; CHO-only); and combined 50%
basal rate reduction set at exercise onset with carbohydrate (0.3g/kg/hr;
Combo).

Results: Combo had a smaller change in glucose (5±47mg/dL) vs CHO-only (-49±61mg/dL, P=0.03) or -90min50%BRR (-34±45mg/dL). -90min50%BRR produced higher
b-hydroxybutyrate levels (0.4±0.3 vs 0.1±0.1mmol/L) and
greater fat oxidation (0.51±0.2 vs 0.39±0.1g/min) than CHO-only (both P<0.05).

Conclusions: All strategies examined produced stable glycemia
for fasted exercise, but a 50% basal rate reduction set 90 min pre-exercise
eliminates carbohydrate needs and enhances fat oxidation better than
carbohydrate feeding with or without a basal rate reduction set at exercise
onset.
In the Tracks of the Reindeer: The Emotional Effects of Digital Information on Raindeer Herders
Authors: Kuoljok Kajsa
Published: December 2020

Through a story about a reindeer that wandered off from its grazing area, this article explores the emotional effects mediated by digital technology. It concerns the way in which reindeer movements are made visible through the use of digital tools. As reindeer movements are documented by GPS (Global Positional Systems) technology and transformed into inscriptions, the movements become easier to observe. It makes a difference when herders can follow reindeer movements from above, instead of from the ground. New knowledge emerges with increased amounts of information. As GPS data makes reindeer movement visible, it creates a new, partial relation between seeing and knowing. The strong emotional effects that are induced by this relation on the herder are observed and described through a narrative of the reindeer that wandered into another Sámi community.
“My Responsibility, My Food”
Authors: Backa Andreas
Published: December 2020

This article examines views on meat, slaughter and human-animal relations in the contemporary self-sufficiency trend. The point of departure of the analysis is ethnographic fieldwork and interviews with individuals striving towards becoming more self-sufficient in the region of Ostrobothnia, Finland. The focus is on the interviewees’ narration of their practices and experiences of animal husbandry, and more specifically on the role of affect and body in the killing of animals for human consumption. The material is analysed utilising cultural analysis inspired by phenomenology, and the findings are discussed from the perspective of post-domesticity. The analysis shows how the interviewees negotiate and justify their choices regarding meat, and why they prefer self-sufficiency farming and home slaughter to industrial agriculture and slaughter. This form of small-scale animal husbandry is characterised by affective relationships between bodies, which counteract the processes of post-domestic modernity that generate disconnectedness between animal and human, food and origin, producer and consumer.
Impact of Macro Economic Variables on Return on Assets of Textile Industry of Pakistan
Authors: Ullah Irfan , Noreen Humaira , Rehman Zia Ur , Shinwari Naveed
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study was to find the impact of Inflation rate, Interest rate, Foreign direct investment, Trade openness and Exchange rate on Return of assets of textile weaving sector of Pakistan during the period of 1997 to 2019. The Dependent variable was Return on Assets while Inflation rate, Interest rate, Foreign direct investment, Trade openness and Exchange rate were independent variables, Data for the study was obtained from secondary sources like World Development Indicator, Pakistan Stock exchange and financial stability review issued by State Bank of Pakistan during 1997 to 2019. ROA were collected from Annual reports of the selected textile businesses (weaving sector). The results of Co-integration indicated the long run relationship among the variables. However, inflation rate, interest rate and exchange rate have positive and significant impact on return on Assets of textile weaving sector of Pakistan, on the other hand Foreign direct investment and Trade openness have insignificant effect on Return on assets of textile weaving sector of Pakistan. This paper is limited to linear framework some results may be sensitive to non-linearities, a non-linear frame work should be included in future research.
The Effect of Regional Government Size, Legislative Size, Number of Population, and Intergovernmental Revenue on The Financial Statements Disclosure
Authors: Gusnaini Nuriska , Andesto Rony , Ermawati .
Published: December 2020

This study intends to discover the disclosure level of local government financial statements regarding the local government size, legislative size, population, and intergovernmental revenue. This study uses the Regency / City Regional Government in East Java Province in 2016-2018. Census sampling method which is 114 samples in the District / City Government in East Java Province is applied. The hypothesis testing in this study is multiple linear regression with SPSS. The results of this study are that the size of the regional government and the size of the legislature have no effect on the financial statements; the population has a significant effect on the financial statements, and the intergovernmental revenue has a significant effect on the financial statements of the local government. This study contributes to providing suggestions to improve the quality of local government financial reports.
Research on Marketing Strategy for A Ketogenic Food Start Up Business in Bandung
Authors: Putri Vania Arini , Iskandar Budi Permadi
Published: December 2020

Many people feel it is necessary to have a slender body and pursuing it through various ways, including diet. The ketogenic diet is a low-carb and high-fat diet and has been proven to be one of the effective diets to lose weight. The preliminary research shows the lack of choices of pure keto-friendly food on the market is the main problem of keto dieters. This is seen as a good opportunity from a business perspective and further research was conducted. The research was done using a qualitative method in-depth interviews to gain perspective on how to market a ketogenic food provider. The respondents are those who have dieted and have had a problem in body weight. There are 7 out of 8 respondents said they would consider doing the keto diet in the future. This research results that the suitable target consumers are people with age of 22-35 years old, have monthly income >Rp3.000.000,00, currently in college and college graduate, student, and employee, in upper middle social class, have interests in weight loss and delicious food, and body goals oriented. The personas for this target market are lazy dieters, weight loss achievers, and experimental dieters. The result for marketing strategy is a 4P marketing mix. The products are keto-friendly heavy meals and desserts. The price per item is between Rp50.000,00-Rp75.000,00. The consumers can make the purchase online. The promotions are educational and informative contents, endorsement, paid promote, discount, and cheaper price for weekly meal plan purchase.
Optimalisasi Pemanfaatan Koleksi Sastra melalui Digitasi dan E-Service untuk Mendukung Pembentukan Karakter Bangsa
Authors: Rahayuningsih Fransisca , Hastutiningrum MM.
Published: December 2020

One of the ways to shape the dignity of a nation is to broaden the horizons of language and culture and this can be done by reading literary collections. The role of literature, of course, cannot be explained by physical evidence because literature talks about the soul, the spirit, and something related to one's mind. However, if disseminated to the public, literary works can produce future generations who are more competent, critical, creative, and most importantly, have a conscience. Literature plays a role in shaping the character of a nation. This study aims to determine how the literature books in the 6 FPPTI-DIY member libraries are used by users. This research is also intended to determine whether the use of literary books has an effect on character education? In addition, this research is also intended to provide recommendations in order to optimize the use of literary books through digitization and e-service. The research design was designed using mixed methods. The strategy used in this research is sequential explanatory strategy. The population in this study were library visitors of FPPTI DIY members from 6 universities with 617,539 literature study programs. Sampling was done by using the stratified sampling technique. Qualitative data collection was determined by looking at gender and literature reading preferences. There were 4 people assigned from each library, consisting of 2 male visitors who like to read and 2 female visitors who don't like to read, as many as 24 informants. Data analysis was performed using SPSS for Windows version 21. The results of this study prove that the use of literary books in 6 FPPTI-DIY member libraries, those literary books are used by users when there are lectures related to literature. This was conveyed by respondents with a frequency of coming 1-2 times a week and a frequency of utilizing literary collections twice a week. Through the results of quantitative analysis by testing the hypothesis of this study proves that the quality, quantity, and visibility of books have an effect on optimizing the use of literary books through digitization and e-service on character building. The role of 6 FPPTI-DIY member libraries in optimizing the use of literary books, which is related to the importance of reading literature through digitizing literary collections and e-service is considered good enough and overcomes the limitations of book availability.
Pandemi Covid-19 dan Inovasi Perpustakaan Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Priyadi Deri Hediana , Sukaesih Sukaesih , Rukmana Evi Nursanti , CMS Samson
Published: December 2020

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a huge impact on all elements of society, including information institutions such as libraries. Innovations made by information institutions such as libraries are mostly carried out on the development of library collections, library services, human resources. The purpose of this research is to look at innovations in college libraries in providing services to academicians due to covid-19. Digital libraries exist as an innovation in overcoming the problems of the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method uses descriptive qualitative methods, researchers conducted online interviews by sending emails to the email library. The data were obtained by interviewing the librarian of the college library. Innovations made in libraries involve human resources, library collections, and services. Increasing human resources in the library by providing training on deficiencies in terms of services, turnover of librarians aims to provide officers with new experiences. Library collections experience sharing of resources where collaboration between libraries aims to fill the void in library collections in the library. Internship in libraries can be a movement in terms of library development, where the internship is a place to accommodate young people who are rich in creative ideas and incoming invoices that make libraries more colorful.
Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis (Critical Thingking) Siswa Melalui Penggunaan Soal HOTS Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Pardede Oktaviandi Bertua , Sinaga Elia Ananda , Br Depari Ari Wina , Gultom Rumiris Julianti B
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kemampuan awal matematis siswa terhadap penyelesaian soal-soal high order thinking yang ditinjau dari soal analisis, soal evaluasi dan secara umum. Penelitian ini pun bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal high order thinking serta untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan siswa keliru dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal high order thinking. Penyempurnaan lainnya juga dapat dilakukan pada standar penilaian, dengan cara mengadaptasi secara bertahap melalui model-model penilaian standar internasional. Penilaian hasil belajar diharapkan dapat membantu para peserta didik untuk lebih meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). Karena melalui berpikir tingkat tinggi dapat mendorong peserta didik untuk dapat berpikir secara luas dan lebih mendalam mengenai materi pelajaran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Kualitatif dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Kooperatif. Adapun tujuan dari model pembelajaran Kooperatif adalah untuk memberikan siswa pengetahuan, konsep, kemampuan, dan pemahaman yang mereka butuhkan supaya dapat bisa menjadi seorang anggota masyarakat yang bahagia dan dapat memberikan kontribusi. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa terdapat pengaruh kemampuan awal matematis siswa terhadap penyelesaian soal high order thinking dalam segala aspek. Siswa dikategorikan mampu menyelesaikan soal-soal high order thinking. Aktivitas belajar siswa dan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa masing-masing masih menunjukkan adanya ketidakseimbangan walaupun guru sudah mengoptimalkan fungsi perangkat pembelajaran dalam pengajarannya. Kata kunci: Berpikir kritis, metode kualitatif, Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)
Pengembangan Buku Ajar Komprehensi Tulis Berorientasi Nilai-Nilai Karakter Islam (Analisis Kebutuhan)
Authors: Wirawati Denik , Rahman Hasrul
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini membahas Pengembangan Buku Ajar Komprehensi Tulis Berorientasi Nilai-nilai Karakter Islam (analisis kebutuhan). Dalam penelitian ini menjabarkan dari rumusan masalah yaitu; a. Bagaimana buku ajar Komprehensi Tulis berorientasi pada pendidikan karakter islam yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan dosen dan mahasiswa di Perguruan Tinggi Universitas Ahmad Dahlan? b. Bagaimanakah Pengembangan buku ajar Komprehensi tulis berorientasi pada pendidikan karakter islam? Kajian teori menjabarkan hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan buku ajar, komprehensi tulis, dan nilainilai karakter islam. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan pada tahun pertama ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Tujuan pada tahap ini adalah untuk menghimpun data-data yang berkaitan tentang ; menganalisis kebutuhan (need analisys) terhadap model buku ajar Komprehensi Tulis berorientasi pada pendidikan nilai-nilai karakter islam. Hasil menjabarkan 1. Kondisi Buku Ajar Bahasa Indonesia di Perguruan Tinggi Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta. 100% menyatakan bahwa buku ajar komprehensi tulis berorientasi nilai-nilai karakter islam sangatlah penting, dengan memasukkan unsur islam dalam contoh soal dan bacaan. 2. Analisis kebutuhan mahasiswa terhadap buku ajar komprehensi tulis. Mahasiswa sangat membutuhkan buku ajar komprehensi tulis sebagai salah satu media belajar. Nilai-nilai karakter islam sangat disetujui mahasiswa karena sebagai penambah wawasan agama bagi mereka. Kata Kunci: buku ajar, komprehensi tulis, nilai-nilai karakter islam
Transformasi Tradisi Lisan “Mangokkal Holi” Sebagai Naskah Drama
Authors: Purba Josua Krismanto , Halawa Servina , Ginting Sri Dinanta
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mentransformasikan tradisi lisan “Mangokkal Holi” sebagai naskah drama. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan secara berurut, faktual dan akurat dengan menggunakan kata-kata atau kalimat. Penelitian mulai dilaksanakan mulai bulan November 2019 sampai dengan Oktober 2020. Tehnik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tehnik simak bebas libas cakap. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah data lisan berupa tradisi lisan “Mangokkal Holi”. Sumber data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini adalah informan dan narasumber dari masyarakat Desa Sitinjak, Onan baru, Samosir. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis interaktif, yaitu reduksi, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Tehnik validitas data yang digunakan adalah triangulasi metode dan sumber. Prosedur penelititan meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan penyusunan laporan. Hasil penelitian dari tradisi lisan “Mangokkal Holi” terbentuk karena adanya unsur mistis dan penghormatan terhadap leluhur dalam masyarakat suku batak toba, bahwa tradisi ini sangat dijunjung tinggi oleh masyarakat batak toba. Mulanya para leluhur ataupun keluarga inti dari orang yang sudah lama meninggal akan mendatangi keluarga yang masih hidup. Kedatangan dari roh tersebut akan datang melalui mimpi dan pertanda itulah yang biasanya digunakan sebagai alasan pelaksanaan ritual “Mangokkal Holi”. Namun tidak seluruhnya begitu, pada objek penelitian ini hanya berfokus pada marga Sianturi. Tradisi lisan yang telah disusun, lalu ditransformasikan oleh peneliti menjadi naskah drama. Kata Kunci : Transformasi, Tradisi Lisan “Mangokkal Holi”, Naskah Drama
Analisis Kualitatif Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Rujukan dengan Metode Analisis Alur Gyssen di RSPAL Dr. Ramelan Surabaya
Authors: Ibrahim Ayu Maharani , Widyati Widyati , Prasetyadi Frans O.H.
Published: December 2020

Penyakit infeksi menjadi penyebab kematian terbesar di Indonesia setelah penyakit kardiovaskular. Tingginya mortalitas akibat penyakit infeksi dapat dipengaruhi oleh ketepatan penggunaan antibiotik. Resistensi antibiotik berhubungan erat dengan ketepatan penggunaan antibiotik. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi resistensi antibiotik pada pasien di rumah sakit adalah perpindahan pasien antar rumah sakit. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengevaluasi kualitas penggunaan antibiotik yang diberikan kepada pasien khususnya pasien rujukan. Kegiatan ini merupakan salah satu evaluasi yang digunakan sebagai indikator mutu Program Pengendalian Resistensi Antibiotik (PPRA). Penelitian ini bersifat observasional dengan pendekatan pengambilan data secara prospektif yang dilakukan selama 4 bulan (April-Juli 2019) di RSPAL Dr. Ramelan Surabaya. Analisis kualitas penggunaan antibiotik menggunakan penilaian alur Gyssen yang dianalisis oleh 2 orang reviewer dan peneliti. Hasil analisis menunjukkan 44,05% antibiotik yang diberikan tergolong telah rasional (kategori 0); 7,15% antibiotik diberikan tidak tepat (kategori I-IV); 11,90% antibiotik diberikan tidak memiliki indikasi, dan 36,9% antibiotik yang diberikan tidak memiliki kesepakatan antara 2 reviewer dan peneliti dalam penilaian alur Gyssen. Kesepakatan antar 2 reviewer dan peneliti diuji menggunakan Fleiss Kappa dimana diperoleh nilai k = 0,581 yang artinya kesepakatan antar reviewer cukup baik (dengan p = 0).
Isolasi dan Uji Aktivitas Kitosan Cangkang Kerang Bulu (Anadara inflata) sebagai Antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Escherichia coli
Authors: Baharuddin Suherman , Isnaeni Dewi
Published: December 2020

Kitosan merupakan modifikasi kitin yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai kandidat antimikroba karena mengandung enzim lisozim dan gugus aminopolisakarida yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui karakteristik isolat kitosan dari cangkang kerang bulu (Anadara inflata) dan untuk menentukan aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Escherichia coli hasil isolat kultur pus. Metode isolasi yang digunakan meliputi deproteinasi, demineralisasi, depigmentasi, dan deasetilasi 3 tahap. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram (Tes Kirby-Bauer). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rendemen isolat sebanyak 81,06%, berbentuk serpihan serbuk, berwarna putih keabu-abuan dan tidak berbau. Uji kelarutan menunjukkan kitosan larut dalam asam asetat. Kadar air dan kadar abu yang didapatkan masing-masing sebesar 4,70 dan 1,17%, serta dari pengujian dengan pelarut ninhidrin didapatkan perubahan warna dari kuning menjadi ungu setelah didiamkan. Aktivitas antibakteri kitosan terhadap S. epidermidis dan E. coli pada masa inkubasi 1 x 24 jam dan 2 x 24 jam menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi konsentrasi kitosan, maka semakin besar pula zona hambat (aktivitas) yang dihasilkan. Konsentrasi yang paling aktif yaitu pada 7% b/v (oneway ANOVA, α = 0,05).
AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ANXIETY TOWARD THEIR SPEAKING SKILL
Authors: Saputra Juni Bayu
Published: December 2020

This article points out the results of the study attempting to analyze the students speaking anxiety at students in one of the College of Teacher Training and Education (STKIP) in Lampung. For the purpose of the topic, 28 fellow students were selected as the sample. Research method was quasi-experimental design with two way ANOVA. It was conducted for about four months. According to the results of speaking test, findings showed that using Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) had positive meaningful effect on improving students’ speaking skill viewed from different speaking anxiety. To sum up, CLT is an effective method to teach students’ speaking skill viewed from different speaking anxiety.
GOOGLE FORMS AS AN EFL ASSESSMENT TOOL: POSITIVE FEATURES AND LIMITATIONS
Authors: Sari Angela Bayu Pertama , Iswahyuni Dwi , Rejeki Sri , Sutanto Sutanto
Published: December 2020

This study presents an assessment tool in which it aims to investigate the positive features and limitations of Google forms as an EFL assessment tool. The research method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative study in which the instruments employed are class activity log and observation checklist. Moreover, the participants are 240 non-English major students. The results of the study showed that there are 5 positive features and 2 limitations of Google Forms as an EFL assessment tools. Â It can be concluded that the positive features of Google forms as an EFL assessment tool are in terms of efficiency in time and energy, conformity to the studentsâ€™ characteristics, less cost, detail result, and helpful features. In other words, the significant implication is that the use of Google Forms as an assessment tool can alleviate the lecturerâ€™s workload. Furthermore, the limitations deal with scoring and tools issues.
INVESTIGATING THE INDONESIAN EFL STUDENTSâ€™ ARGUMENT IN ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY
Authors: Turmudi Dedi
Published: December 2020

This study investigates the written test results of the Indonesian undergraduate studentsâ€™ argumentative essay. For that reason, three research questions are made. 1). what is the level of achievement of the students in the argumentative essay quantitatively? 2). what aspects of an essay appear in respect to the argumentative essay generic structure as formulated? 3). how well did they use the rhetoric reputation and argument in their essay?. 27 handwriting' answer sheets of undergraduate English Department students enrolled at semester four of a state university in Indonesia were taken purposively. The data analysis uses a quantitative and qualitative approach. The results show that the students quantitatively achieved average score 76,74 which means good. All parts of generic structures were expressed in different quality. However; the organization of the essay is the lowest part compared to the other four parts respectively content, vocabulary, and language use seen from their segmented scores. This study is confirmed to be inline the previous study in that the majority of the students did not present the refutation section in both their English essays. This implies that teachers should be more aware of promoting this absent aspect as this refutation or rebuttal is a distinguishing marker in argumentative and discussion essays.
TABAYYUN AS A CRUCIAL ASPECT IN THE QURANIC CONCEPT OF UMMAH ANALYSIS OF “TABAYYUN” IN SURA AL-HUJURAAT (49:6)
Authors: Azzuhri Anggi
Published: December 2020

Khairu Ummah appears in surah 3:110 associated to the society on which Prophet Muhammad lived. This term shows that there is a supreme concept of the highest level of civilization since the society of that period is considered as an excellent civilization. There are several requirements to fulfil in order to reach the status of khairu ummah, those are the promotion of virtue, prevention of vice, and Iman in Allah. However, those requirements are very general thus it is necessary to decipher specific aspect to reach one of them. In another surah, Al-Hujuraat (49), Allah detailly explains the major features of the Mu’minun (those who believe). Of the features is Tabayyun, appears in the sixth verse in the context of incoming information. Examining the semantic concept of Tabayyun is a step to reveal the specific aspect to gain the status of the ideal Ummah. This work is deciphering the concept of Tabayyun according to the Qur’an through two main approaches: Semantic analysis and Composition examination. These both methods are conducted by two distinguished contemporary scholars, Toshihiko Izutsu and Hamiduddin Al-Farahi, to find the philosophical meaning of a particular term from the Qur’an. Eventually, it is concluded that the Tabayyun definition is an important high-level social ethics that only true believer can perform it. The absence of Tabayyun leads not only to a wrong decision but to a major conflict in society even the disintegration of it.
Ocena wpływu dostępności do leczenia zaćmy w Polsce w świetle zmian instytucjonalnych
Authors: Chrobot Michał , Maciejewski Arnold , Kocańda Kamila , Strzelecka Agnieszka
Published: December 2020

Celem pracy jest ocena dostępu do świadczeń zdrowotnych w świetle zmian regulacyjnych w Unii Europejskiej, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem postępowania w zaćmie w Polsce w latach 2015–2017.
Dane statystyczne Narodowego Funduszu Zdrowia za lata 2015–2017 przeanalizowano za pomocą opisu statystycznego. Dla kolejek parametrycznych zastosowano test t-Studenta (α = 0,05). Dla liczby złożonych i sfinansowanych wniosków w ramach dyrektywy zastosowano model trendu liniowego oraz istotność współczynnika kierunkowego (α = 0,05).
Kolejka oczekujących na operację zaćmy od drugiego kwartału 2015 r. do czwartego kwartału 2016 r. miała tendencję zwyżkową.
W 2017 r. zaobserwowano zmniejszenie liczby osób oczekujących na zabieg przy jednoczesnym wzroście liczby wniosków składanych w ramach dyrektywy. W analogicznym okresie nastąpiło zwiększanie kontraktów, co przełożyło się na spadek liczby pacjentów oczekujących na operację w Polsce. Nie zaobserwowano jednak tendencji spadkowej w liczbie pacjentów leczonych w ramach dyrektywy transgranicznej.
De la langue courante à la langue scientifique. Contributions à l’enseignement et à la formation des enseignant·e·s
Authors: Pache Alain , Roy Patrick
Published: December 2020

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Sprachsensibler Geschichtsunterricht als Professionalisierungsaufgabe
Authors: Handro Saskia , Kilimann Vanessa
Published: December 2020

Sprachsensibler Geschichtsunterricht ist ein Konzept zur heterogenitätssensiblen Förderung historischer Kompetenzen. Seine Umsetzung erfordert, dass Lehrkräfte sprachliche Problemlagen historischen Lernens kennen, sprachsensible Förderstrategien fachspezifisch profilieren und deren Einsatz auch als lernwirksam betrachten. Fächerübergreifende Aus- und Fortbildungsangebote zum Sprachsensiblen Unterricht sollten daher durch fachdidaktische Professionalisierungsangebote ergänzt werden. Der folgende Beitrag begründet diese Notwendigkeit und stellt ein sprachsensibles Professionalisierungsprojekt zur Leseförderung im Geschichtsunterricht (ProLeGu) sowie erste Befunde der empirischen Begleitforschung vor.
Schülerinnen im Gymnasium: ein interkantonaler Vergleich der ungleichen Beteiligung von Mädchen in der Schweiz im 20. Jahrhundert
Authors: Ruoss Thomas Werner , Heinzer Lars
Published: December 2020

Dieser Artikel stellt die Entwicklung der Mädchenbeteiligung in der gymnasialen Sekundarstufe II in der Schweiz während des 20. Jahrhunderts dar. Dazu kann er auf eine umfangreiche Grundlage statistischer Langzeitdaten zurückgreifen. In einem ersten Schritt werden die Unterschiede zwischen den Kantonen dargestellt und drei Phasen der Beteiligung von Mädchen im Gymnasium hergeleitet. In einem zweiten Schritt werden die festgestellten Unterschiede mit Blick auf die strukturelle Differenzierung der Gymnasien untersucht und die Bedeutung institutioneller Rahmenbedingungen für Geschlechterdifferenzen in der Schule diskutiert.
Formen der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Schule und Eltern und Möglichkeiten elterlicher Mitwirkung in der Deutschschweiz: Eine umfassende Analyse der kantonalen Grundlagen
Authors: Villiger Caroline , Schuler Nadine , Hostettler Anna
Published: December 2020

Die Gestaltung der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Schule und Eltern gilt als einen der zentralsten Bereiche heutiger Schulentwicklung (Wilder, 2014). Der Beitrag untersucht, welche Formen der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Schule und Eltern in den kantonalen Reglementen der Deutschschweiz verankert und welche Möglichkeiten der elterlichen Mitwirkung vorgesehen sind. Als Datengrundlage dienten total 62 Dokumente aus 21 Kantonen (datiert von 2005-2019), die inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet wurden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die kantonalen Regelungen unterschiedlich detailliert und in Bezug auf die Darstellung möglicher Formen der Zusammenarbeit sehr vielfältig ausfallen. Für Verantwortliche im Bildungswesen bietet die Studie eine Übersicht über die aktuelle Situation der Deutschschweiz und eine wichtige Grundlage für die Schulentwicklung.
La coordination entre registres sémiotiques : un enjeu important pour l’apprentissage des sciences
Authors: Kohler Alaric , Chabloz Bernard
Published: December 2020

Cet article soulève un enjeu et argumente son importance dans les processus d’apprentissage des sciences: les élèves sont confronté·e·s à une diversité de registres sémiotiques (langue vernaculaire, mathématique, schémas, etc.) qu’il leur incombe de coordonner. Cette tâche peut induire des situations de malentendu, comme nous tenterons de le montrer à l’aide de l’analyse a priori de quelques exemples issus des pratiques et manuels d’enseignement. Cette hypothèse est ensuite mise à l’épreuve d’une recherche collaborative, par l’intermédiaire de la conception d’un dispositif d’enseignement mi-fini centré sur l’introduction de pratiques de modélisation par les élèves au niveau secondaire II en Suisse.Cet article ne présente qu’un extrait illustratif des résultats, en raison de la complexité des exemples et de la place limitée à ce type de publication. L’analyse présentée permet d’illustrer la pertinence de l’enjeu identifié lors des analyses a priori pour l’apprentissage de la physique, et invite à une utilisation plus délibérée et plus explicite de la coordination des registres sémiotiques dans la construction du milieu didactique lors de l’enseignement des sciences.
THE ROLE OF ARCHITECTURE IN AN ENGAGING AND MEANINGFUL EXPERIENCE OF THE PHYSICAL EXHIBITION
Authors: Santos Coutinho Bárbara dos , Tostões Ana
Published: December 2020

While recognising the part that digital media play in bringing about greater accessibility to artworks display and ensuring that they are more visible, this paper argues that the physical exhibition continues to be the primary place for the public to encounter the arts, as it can offer an engaging and meaningful aesthetic experience through which people can transcend their own existence. As such, it is essential to rethink now, in the scope of an increasing digital world, the exhibition in conceptual and methodological terms. For this purpose, the exhibition space must be considered as content rather than container and the exhibition as a work, often with the intentionality of a “total work of art”, rather than just a vehicle for exhibiting artworks and objects. With this purpose in mind, this paper proposes a re-reading of the exhibition designs of Frederick Kiesler (1890–1965), Franco Albini (1905–1977) and Lina Bo Bardi (1914–1992) in order to evaluate how their theory and practice can provide useful lessons for our contemporary thinking. The three architects, assuming the role of curators, use only the specific language of an exhibition and remix conventional modes of communication and architectural vocabulary, exploring the natural and artificial light, materials, layouts, surfaces and geometries in innovative ways. They considered the exhibition to be a work of art, overcoming the container/content dichotomy and trigging an intersubjective and self-reflective participation. Kiesler, Albini and Bo Bardi may all be considered visionaries of our time, as they offer a landscape that stimulates our curiosity through a multiplicity of information arranged in a multisensory way, allowing each visitor to discover associations between himself and his surroundings. None of them simply created an opportunity for distraction or entertainment. This perspective is all the more pertinent nowadays, as the processes of digitalising information and virtualising the real may well lead to the dematerialization of the physical experience of art. By drawing upon these historical examples, this paper seeks to contribute to current study on how an exhibition can stimulate the cognitive, emotional and spiritual intelligence of each visitor and clarify the importance of this effect in 21st century museums and society at large.
THE NEED FOR SHELTER: LAUGIER, LEDOUX, AND ENLIGHTENMENT’S SHADOWS
Authors: Bandeirinha José António , Aristides Rui
Published: December 2020

The scope of this text is to think about how the human need for shelter began to appear as a foundational allegory for the discipline of architecture in the early modern age (XVIII - XIX), particularly in Laugier’s “Primitive Hut” of 1753 and Ledoux’s “L’Abri du Pauvre” of 1804.

At roughly the same periods as these architects were investing the discipline with a new existential calling, new European visions of society, its organization and constraints were exploding the imaginary and concrete limits of the European polity which, at the time, was a planetary polity. Between Rousseau’s social contract, Kant’s Republic, Hegel’s “state,” among many other visions spanning from 1753 to 1804, Europe’s subjects, government and power, and their respective relationships, were structurally changed.

Assembled in the same picture, these allegories and visions give us many possibilities of reflection about architecture’s new position and role within the political in the modern age. On the other hand, it may help us reflect on what architecture articulates in the outbreak of new social contexts. Heeding Walter Benjamin, we propose to take control of these memories, disparate and synchronic as they might “really have been,” to ask in a moment of danger: why doesn’t architecture shelter today? How can we read that foundational calling today?
The history of evaluation in accounting as a reflection of the causal relationships between its evolution and the stages of the world economy development
Authors: Druzhilovskaya T.Yu. , Druzhilovskaya E.S.
Published: December 2020

Subject. This article explores the issues related to the history of valuation as an element of the accounting method.
Objectives. The article aims to identify cause and effect relationships between the development stages of approaches to the assessment of accounting objects and the most significant events and developments in the world economy.
Methods. For the study, we used the methods of critical analysis, synthesis, comparison, observation, and analogy.
Results. The article systematizes and describes the stages of evolution of approaches to evaluation in the process of historical accounting development, and also identifies and substantiates the cause and effect relationships between qualitatively different stages of the evolution of the evaluation of accounting objects and the most significant events and developments in the world economy.
Conclusions and Relevance. The gradual complication of economic relations in society, the expansion and complexity of production and commodity exchange processes complicate approaches to the evaluation of accounting objects and the extension of the range of assessments used. This leads the world community to seek the best estimates for different accounting objects and items, and develop a methodological justification for approaches to their definition. The results obtained have both applied and theoretical applications in the field of financial accounting.
The informal financial sector: The scale of disaster in Russia
Authors: Kunitsyna N.N.
Published: December 2020

Subject. The informal business more and more permeates the financial sector due to a growth in the digitization of the economy, developing IT and, consequently, cybercrime, increasing volume of e-payments. Objectives. I herein study trends in the informal financial sector of Russia and provide our recommendations for reducing the volume of cash withdrawal. Methods. The goals justifies my gradual study into legislative, regulatory, statistical, reference and periodical literature and the use of general scientific and special methods of research, such as the systems approach, formal logic, methods of comparative analysis, classification, graphical interpretation techniques, etc. Results. I analyzed trends in the scale of the informal economy and considered the integration of illegal business into the financial sector. I discovered what caused changes in the structure of higher-exposure transactions and cash withdrawal. The article also evaluates damage caused with cybercrime in the banking sector. I group basic elements of AML regulations, describe advantages of anti-legalization mechanisms and their adverse effect on the economy. The article provides my guidelines for the use of mechanisms countering the informal capital in Russia. Conclusions and Relevance. AML mechanisms should be used so as to prevent national security threats, without artificially hampering the development and advancement of the economy. The findings can underlies further research into anti-legalization activities as part of AML policy.
An integrated approach to assessing the efficiency of health financing in the Russian regions
Authors: Krivenko N.V. , Shipitsyna S.E.
Published: December 2020

Subject. The article presents theoretical and historical considerations on the emergence of the contemporary healthcare system in Russia, developments in models and forms of public healthcare protection as public and economic constructs change.
Objectives. The study substantiates versatile methodological approaches to evaluating the efficiency of healthcare finance regionally.
Methods. Based on the integrated method of factor analysis, the methodological approach evaluates some components of efficiency, i.e. available budgetary finance and resources, social and medical efficiency. To evaluate each type of efficiency, we determines socio-economic, medical and demographic indicators split into blocks.
Results. We examined the model of the contemporary one-source finance of the Russian healthcare in regions and provided a detailed account of all cash flows and influx. The article analyzes the existing methodological approaches to evaluating the efficiency of healthcare finance, marks a wide spectrum of relevant issues pointed out by contemporary researchers. The technique was tested with the case of the healthcare systems in the Perm Krai, Sverdlovsk Oblast and Samara Oblast, and the comparative approach to evaluating the regional healthcare and the national indicators. Thus, we found critical points and challenging areas in the healthcare systems of the analyzable regions.
Conclusions and Relevance. The methodological approach to evaluating the efficiency of regional healthcare finance we propose is versatile and applicable to the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
The business development environment in the oil and gas industry
Authors: Bun'kovskii D.V.
Published: December 2020

Subject. The article focuses on different conditions for the emergence of industrial entrepreneurship and its growth drivers in the Russian oil and gas industry today. Objectives. I provide updates on challenges to the industrial entrepreneurship in the Russian oil and gas industry. The article also discusses some aspects of the emergence and development of industrial entrepreneurship in terms of governmental control and the business–State relationship. Methods. The study relies upon the systems analysis of the current cooperation between the business and the State and its specifics as determinants triggering the emergence and development of industrial entrepreneurship in the oil and gas sector. I also apply other methods of research, such as observation, hypothetical and deductive reasoning, comparison and generalization. Results. The article describes core interests of the State and business and determines how they can possibly come across. I examines various aspects of business taxation and tax burden, viewing them as conditions for the emergence and development of industrial entrepreneurship in the oil and gas sector today. Conclusions and Relevance. In the oil and gas sector, industrial entrepreneurship could develop sustainably if industrial complexes, public institutions and governmental economic regulators cooperate productively. Furthermore, the systemic and comprehensive use of the cause-and-effect relationship may help the national economy advance.
Setting-up an audit system to implement the municipal component of national projects in Russia: The experience of control and accounts bodies
Authors: Mordvintsev A.I. , Buletova N.E. , Dubov R.S.
Published: December 2020

Subject. This article discusses the peculiarities of organizing and conducting audit by municipal control and accounts bodies and issues of cooperation between regional and municipal executors of national projects.
Objectives. The article aims to identify the main characteristics of audit of the municipal component of national projects.
Methods. For the study, we used the methods of comparative analysis, generalization, synthesis, classification, and grouping.
Results. The article compares the terms of Control, Audit, and Monitoring, and presents an audit system model to implement the municipal component of national projects, describing individual steps and features of the implementation process.
Conclusions. The problems identified in the implementation of the municipal component of national projects are related to the lack of strict centralization of this process and the usage of different mechanisms for the implementation of national projects at the municipal level.
The impact of agricultural transformations on the region's rural settlement system
Authors: D'yachenko V.N. , Lazareva V.V.
Published: December 2020

Subject. This article explores the changes in the region's rural settlement system driven by certain transformations in agriculture. Objectives. The article aims to assess the impact of the transformations in agricultural production of the Amur Oblast on the settlement structure of the Far Eastern agricultural region. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of logical, comparative, and statistical analyses, and typology. A set of spatial development theories is the methodological basis of the study. Results. The article presents a database that helps understand the history of agricultural settlements of the area, as well as demographic processes and trends differentiation. Conclusions. The mechanisms to stabilize the area's population should be used alongside with spatial development policies that are in line with the development of agricultural settlements.
Regional institutional environment of public-private partnership: The case study of the Ural Federal District regions. Part 1
Authors: Panikarova S.V. , Kuklinov M.L. , Yugov V.V. , Khokhryakova Ya.S.
Published: December 2020

Subject. This article discusses the issues related to institutional support for public-private partnership in the regions of the Ural Federal District. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the development of the regional institutional environment of public-private partnership and find regulatory deficiency. Methods. For the study, we used a comparative analysis and the graph and tabular methods to interpret the collected data. Results. The article presents certain results of the study of the institutional framework, strategic development and planning documents, the public-private partnership administration system, and the evaluation of its institutional environment. Conclusions. The local regulatory deficiency and the need to improve the investment climate of the Ural Federal District regions and attract new participants in the partnership confirm the relevance of the identified problem research.