bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Features and Laboratory Examination Results of Sjogren’s Syndrome Complicated with Thyroid Disorders: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Dai Min , Wang Jing , Huang Qian
Published: October 2021

Objective. To analyze the clinical incidence, clinical manifestations, laboratory examination, and complications of Sjogren’s syndrome complicated with thyroid disorders in patients and to explore the clinical significance of its occurrence and concurrence relationship. Methods. The clinical manifestations, thyroid function, antithyroid antibodies, immunology indicators, autoantibodies, and routine laboratory examination items of 201 patients with Sjogren’s syndrome in Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were reviewed and analyzed. According to whether the thyroid function was abnormal or not, the patients were divided into the group of Sjogren’s syndrome complicated with abnormal thyroid function (n = 36) and the group of Sjogren’s syndrome without abnormal thyroid function (n = 165). The clinical symptoms and test indicators of the two groups were compared. Results. Among 201 patients with Sjogren’s syndrome, 36 patients had abnormal thyroid function (17.9%) and 36 patients with abnormal thyroid function had hypothyroidism. The abnormal renal function, decreased Hb, decreased WBC, increased ESR, and decreased C4 were more significant in the group with Sjogren’s syndrome complicated with abnormal thyroid function, which had significant differences compared with the group with normal thyroid function (

P
<
0.05

). The positive rates of aTG and aTPO in patients with Sjogren’s syndrome complicated with thyroid disorders were higher than that in the normal group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Patients with Sjogren’s syndrome are often associated with hypothyroidism, and these patients may have more severe immune disorders, anemia, leukopenia, and renal involvement. The results show that paying attention to the detection of thyroid function in patients with Sjogren’s syndrome may be of positive significance to judge the condition and prognosis.
Auxiliary Fiber Art Creation Design Based on Conductive Fiber Textile Wireless Structure Sensor
Authors: Ma Limei
Published: October 2021

The integration of fiber materials into modern pottery creation is an attempt to explore its boundaries as a specific material and art form. Fiber materials, such as fabric and paper, are not resistant to high temperatures, and the clay attached to them can retain the surface texture, texture, and original three‐dimensional form of the fiber materials intact during the kiln firing process, making up for the defects of single material molding and maintaining the visual effect of ultrathin and highly translucent works. The light source inside the work is more conducive to creating a specific artistic atmosphere. The purpose of this paper is to explore how fiber materials become the basis of ceramic works and the source of decorative expression, so that this expression and process can be systematically analyzed and interpreted in the application of ceramic art creation. Along with the rapid development of nanotechnology, electronics, and optical technology, people’s clothing fabrics have been increasing in demand in terms of function and appearance. This paper focuses on the research and development of fiber textiles from the field of science and technology and discusses the current status of fiber textiles and the possibility of combining fiber art with science and technology. In this paper, wood cellulose‐multiwalled carbon nanotube/wood cellulose composite films were prepared, as well as wood cellulose films and wood cellulose/multiwalled carbon nanotube composite films. The optimal reaction time for the preparation of the films was 2 h, and the optimal reaction temperature was 70°C. Experimental results show that the dispersibility of multilayer carbon nanotubes in wood cellulose multilayer carbon nanotubes/wood cellulose composite films in wood cellulose multilayer carbon nanotubes composite films is superior. If the amount of multilayered carbon nanotubes was 3 wt%, the fracture point extension and accessibility of the wood cellulose multilayer carbon nanotubes/wood cellulose composite film are 12.2% and 106.7 MPa, respectively. It is 93.7%, respectively. 10.7% is higher than wood cellulose/multilayered carbon nanotube composite films.
Modeling the Grain Import Trade: A Cointegration Analysis of China’s Panel Data
Authors: Zhao Feng , Sun Pingping , Zhang Jie
Published: October 2021

In recent years, China has become the world’s largest importer of grain, and scholars have particularly examined whether China’s grain import trade presents this effect. By applying cointegration analysis to trade statistics panel data of China’s wheat, corn, rice, and soybean production and imports from January 2016 to December 2019, this paper empirically tests for the existence of the great country effect in China’s grain import trade. The results show that during the sample period, there is a long-term stable equilibrium relationship between the import volume, domestic price, and international price of the four major grains; the great country effect in the import trade of wheat and rice is not significant. The imports of corn and soybean present a great country effect to a certain extent in the short term; moreover, a change in the grain price in the international market does not lead to a change in China’s grain import volume, which shows that the great country effect in China’s grain import trade is distorted. Therefore, China should pay close attention to the impact of international factors on the fluctuation of its own food prices and enhance its ability to rationally utilize the international food market and international agricultural resources to ensure domestic food security.
Reinforcement Learning‐Based Routing Algorithm in Satellite‐Terrestrial Integrated Networks
Authors: Yin Yabo , Huang Chuanghe , Wu Dong-Fang , Huang Shidong , Ashraf M. Wasim Abbas , Guo Qianqian
Published: October 2021

Satellite‐terrestrial integrated network (STIN) is an indispensable component of the Next Generation Internet (NGI) due to its wide coverage, high flexibility, and seamless communication services. It uses the part of satellite network to provide communication services to the users who cannot communicate directly in terrestrial network. However, existing satellite routing algorithms ignore the users’ request resources and the states of the satellite network. Therefore, these algorithms cannot effectively manage network resources in routing, leading to the congestion of satellite network in advance. To solve this problem, we model the routing problem in satellite network as a finite‐state Markov decision process and formulate it as a combinatorial optimization problem. Then, we put forth a Q‐learning‐based routing algorithm (QLRA). By maximizing users’ utility, our proposed QLRA algorithm is able to select the optimal paths according to the dynamic characteristics of satellite network. Considering that the convergence speed of QLRA is slow due to the routing loop or ping‐pong effect in the process of routing, we propose a split‐based speed‐up convergence strategy and also design a speed‐up Q‐learning‐based routing algorithm, termed SQLRA. In addition, we update the Q value of each node from back to front in the learning process, which further accelerate the convergence speed of SQLRA. Experimental results show that our improved routing algorithm SQLRA greatly enhances the performance of satellite network in terms of throughput, delay, and bit error rate compared with other routing algorithms.
Research on Intelligent Prediction Method of Financial Crisis of Listed Enterprises Based on Random Forest Algorithm
Authors: Jiang Mingxia , Wang Xuexia
Published: October 2021

Traditional financial crisis prediction approaches have a tough time extracting the properties of financial data, resulting in financial crisis prediction with insufficient accuracy. As a result, based on the random forest algorithm, an intelligent financial crisis prediction approach for listed enterprises is proposed. The random forest method is used to mine the characteristics of financial data based on financial index data from publicly traded companies. This research develops a financial crisis prediction index system based on the findings of data feature mining. The CCR model is used to assess the efficiency of listed firms’ decision-making units with more input and output, and the efficiency index of each decision-making unit is calculated. The efficiency evaluation index of publicly traded companies is used to divide the severity of the financial crisis. The experimental results reveal that, when compared to standard prediction methods, this method’s forecast accuracy is commensurate with the actual state of businesses, and it can reduce the time it takes to predict financial crises.
Design of the Museum Interactive Lighting System Based on the Digital Twin Technology
Authors: Xu Lijun , Yan Shengzan , Chen Zhe , Chen Xin
Published: October 2021

With the improvement of people’s cultural level, more and more museums are being built or renovated. The design of lighting products for museums is a specialized field that requires designers to take into account a variety of factors, such as safety, presentation, and maintainability. As museum lighting systems meet the needs of conservation, visitor experience, and maintenance, the traditional design process is limited by the experience of the designer and the actual situation of the museum, and the actual light conservation effect of the exhibits is difficult to quantify. We have designed a digital-twin-based intelligent lighting system for museums, which can facilitate museum managers to quantify and manage the light life of exhibits while providing a more immersive viewing experience and recognition effect for visitors.
[Retracted] Optimization Design and Economic Development of Cruise Travel Routes Based on Wireless Communication Networks and Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Ji Jiahui , Liu Wei , Zhen Hong
Published: October 2021

At present, domestic cruise tourism is still an emerging tourism industry. Although all regions have great enthusiasm for the development of cruise tourism, some bottlenecks have appeared due to the lack of relevant planning. In terms of cruise manufacturing, such as large‐scale fin stabilizers and low‐speed design of engine, crankshaft, and propeller. To solve the above problems, it is very important to optimize the design of cruise travel routes based on wireless communication networks and genetic algorithms and research on economic development. This paper proposes the use of wireless sensor network (WSN) architecture and genetic algorithms in intelligent bionic algorithms to design cruise travel route optimization. Based on the research on the basic theory of the cruise industry, this article expounds the construction and operation of world‐famous home ports and my country’s cruise home ports. Through the analysis and evaluation of the characteristics and development status of my country’s tourism and tourism resources, the possible impact of the construction of cruise home ports on the development of my country’s tourism industry under the new situation is discussed. The results of the study show that a cruise ship carrying 2010 tourists and 952 crew members will spend about 323,700 US dollars on shore tourists and crew every time it stops at its home port city. The average consumption is approximately US$273,000.
Partition Dimension of Generalized Petersen Graph
Authors: Raza Hassan , Liu Jia-Bao , Azeem Muhammad , Nadeem Muhammad Faisal
Published: October 2021

Let G = (VG, EG) be the connected graph. For any vertex i ∈ VG and a subset B⊆VG, the distance between i and B is d(i; B) = min{d(i, j)|j ∈ B}. The ordered k‐partition of VG is Π = {B1, B2, …, Bk}. The representation of vertex i with respect to Π is the k‐vector, that is, r(i|Π) = (d(i, B1), d(i, B2), …, d(i, Bk)). The partition Π is called the resolving (distinguishing) partition if r(i|Π) ≠ r(j|Π), for all distinct i, j ∈ VG. The minimum cardinality of the resolving partition is called the partition dimension, denoted as pd(G). In this paper, we consider the upper bound for the partition dimension of the generalized Petersen graph in terms of the cardinalities of its partite sets.
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum due to Anti-Melanoma Differentiation-Associated Protein 5 Requiring a Bilateral Lung Transplant
Authors: Jhajj Amrit Singh , Shun Yeung James Hok , To Fergus
Published: October 2021

Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (anti-MDA5) is a subset of dermatomyositis associated with respiratory complications, in which rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RPILD) is commonly cited, and spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is a rare complication. In medical literature, aggressive immunosuppressive therapy has been the mainstay of anti-MDA5-associated SPM management. Here, we report the first MDA5 case with SPM which was successfully treated with a double-lung transplant. We present a 48-year-old male who presented with multiple constitutional symptoms such as fevers, weight loss, malaise, and arthralgias, in association with erythroderma over the ears and fingers. Imaging of the chest demonstrated peripheral airspace disease, and myositis-specific serology returned positive for anti-Jo1 (medium-positive), anti-Ro52 (high-positive), and anti-MDA5 (weak-positive) autoantibodies. Therefore, the patient was begun on immunosuppressive therapy as the leading diagnosis included autoimmune myositis, possibly antisynthetase syndrome with interstitial lung disease (ILD). A year later, the patient presented with progressive shortness of breath, widespread macular erythematous facial rash, and new erythematous ulcerations over the fingertips. Imaging demonstrated a new SPM at this juncture. As the patient’s respiratory status continued to decline despite the use of immunosuppressive agents, a double-lung transplant was performed. Therefore, we propose that lung transplantation should be considered early in MDA5-SPM.
Myxedema Coma and Acute Hepatopathy in a Dog with Severe Atherosclerosis
Authors: Giralico Leah C. , Makii Rebecca , Pray Betsy A. , Parker Valerie J.
Published: October 2021

A 9-year-old male intact mixed-breed dog was presented to The Ohio State University Veterinary Medical Center for evaluation of two days’ duration of weakness, lethargy, inappetence, and one episode of vomiting the day of presentation. On presentation, the dog was depressed and tetraparetic. He was noted to be icteric and dehydrated. Obesity and truncal alopecia with a “rat tail” appearance were observed. Diagnostic testing revealed evidence of an acute hepatopathy and peritonitis. Given the dog’s neurologic status, physical examination abnormalities, including a “tragic facial expression”, and hyperlipidemia, there was concern for possible myxedema coma. A thyroid panel was consistent with hypothyroidism. The dog experienced respiratory arrest prior to initiation of therapy, and an autopsy confirmed the presence of subacute necrotizing cholangiohepatitis, marked atherosclerosis, and severe thyroid atrophy. These clinical and pathologic changes were supportive of myxedema coma.
Static Topology Optimization and Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of 6000T Compression‐Shear Test Machine Frame
Authors: Wu Genshang , Cui Beibei , Li Yanmin , Shao Jinggan , He Zhanshu , Zhao Shusen , Li Chao , Yu Jinlong
Published: October 2021

This work aims to achieve the 6000t compression‐shear test machine frame design with the lightweight. The force condition of the compression‐shear test machine frame under limited working conditions is first analyzed, and the static analysis of the compression‐shear test machine frame is performed using ABAQUS. Then, taking the volume of the frame of the compression‐shear testing machine as the constraint condition, the topology optimization of the compression‐shear testing machine frame is performed using the variable density method of topology optimization, and the model is reconstructed accordingly. Finally, not only the static characteristics of the frame before and after optimization but also the modal characteristics of the frame before and after optimization and the dynamic characteristics after sudden unloading are compared and analyzed. The results show that the weight of the frame decreases by 14.5% after optimization, and the maximum static stress of the frame is still less than the yield strength of the material; the maximum displacement is still less than the allowable maximum displacement, which meets the requirements of static strength and stiffness. The natural frequency of each mode is much greater than the working frequency, which meets the requirements of dynamic stiffness. After sudden unloading, the maximum dynamic stress of beams, columns, and base of the frame are less than the yield strength of materials, which meets the requirements of dynamic strength.
Relationship between BMP2/9 Levels and Spinal Function and Quality of Life in Patients with Severe Scoliosis after PVCR
Authors: Li Quan , Zhao Zhi , Xie Jingming , Zhang Ying , Li Tao , Wang Yingsong
Published: October 2021

Objective. To explore the relationship between (bone fusion associated protein) bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)2 and BMP9 and spinal function and quality of life in patients with severe scoliosis after posterior vertebral column resection (PVCR). Methods. 78 cases of severe scoliosis treated with PVCR surgery in our hospital from January 2015 to April 2018 were selected and set as the observation group, and 80 health examiners in the same period were selected and set as the control group. The ELISA method was used to detect the levels of BMP2 and BMP9 in the two groups. Also, the relationship between the recovery of spinal function, quality of life, and serum BMP2 and BMP9 in the observation group was analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of BMP2 and BMP9 for complications after PVCR. Results. One month after PVCR, the serum BMP2 and BMP9 levels of patients with severe scoliosis were higher than those of healthy people

P
<
0.05

. One year after PVCR, Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum levels of BMP2 and BMP9 in patients with scoliosis were positively correlated with ODI scores (r = 0.778,

P
<
0.001

; r = 0.746,

P
<
0.001

), SRS-22 scores (r = 0.758,

P
<
0.001

; r = 0.722,

P
<
0.001

), and Cobb angle correction rate (r = 0.838,

P
<
0.001

; r = 0.802,

P
<
0.001

). Conclusion. The levels of BMP2 and BMP9 of patients with scoliosis after PVCR are higher than those of healthy people. After 1-year follow-up, the patients’ serum BMP2 and BMP9 levels were positively correlated with spinal function recovery, quality of life, and surgical efficacy. Among them, BMP2 and BMP9 had the highest correlation with PVCR surgical efficacy. Paying attention to the serum BMP2 and BMP9 levels of patients with scoliosis has certain clinical significance.
Research on Pressure Relief Hole Parameters Based on Abutment Pressure Distribution Pattern
Authors: Hao Jian , Bian Hua , Shi Yongkui , Chen Anfa , Liu Jiankang , Zhang Peizhe , Peng Linjun , Tang Jianquan
Published: October 2021

Borehole pressure relief technology is an effective way to reduce the elastic energy in the surrounding rock of deep roadways, thereby reducing the risk of regional rock bursts. To avoid large deformation of the roadway caused by pressure relief holes with large diameters and insufficient pressure relief with small pore diameters, this study proposes precise pressure relief holes with nonequal diameters in order to achieve strong pressure relief with minimal disturbance based on the abutment pressure distribution pattern. To verify the pressure relief effect of the nonequal diameter holes, numerical simulations were performed in FLAC3D. This study investigated stress field, deformation laws, and plastic failure zone of roadway surrounding rock with 100 mm pressure relief holes, nonequal diameter precision pressure relief hole (100 mm + 300 mm), and 300 mm pressure relief holes. The simulation results show that, as the diameter of the pressure relief hole increases, the coupling effect of evenly spaced adjacent pressure relief holes is strengthened, thus improving the pressure relief efficiency. When pressure relief holes of nonequal diameter are adopted, the stress environment of the surrounding rock is clearly improved compared to100 mm pressure relief holes, and the plastic failure range increased by 2‐3 times. The roof‐to‐floor convergence with nonequal diameter is 30.8% that of 300 mm pressure relief holes and 41% that of 100 mm pressure relief holes. Furthermore, the rib displacement is 30.4% and 46.9% that of 300 mm and 100 mm pressure relief holes, respectively. Thus, precise pressure relief holes with nonequal diameter provide both strong pressure relief associated with large diameter holes and small disturbance of small diameter of small holes. This study provides a reference for precise pressure relief application with pressure relief holes.
Influence and Effect of Acupoint Application of Chinese Medicine on Height and Bone Age of Children with Short Stature
Authors: Wang Weiqun , Sun Hong , Ye Yushuang , Shao Zhengyang , Xiao Yuping
Published: October 2021

Objective. To explore the effect of acupoint application of Chinese medicine on children’s height and bone age. Methods. Altogether, 120 children with a short stature treated in our hospital from September 2017 to September 2018 were divided into the control group (CG, n = 60) and the observation group (OG, n = 60) according to the random number table method. The children in CG were given healthy diet and exercise plans and supplemented with daily vitamin intake. The OG was treated with acupoint application of Chinese medicine on the basis of the CG. The clinical efficacy of the CG and the OG of children after treatment was observed. The height increment, growth rate, and bone age of children were compared before and after treatment. The levels of IGF-1 and 25-(OH)D in the serum of children before and after treatment were tested. According to the clinical curative effect after treatment, the children were divided into good curative effect group (markedly effective + effective) and poor curative effect group (ineffective). Logistics regression analysis was applied to analyze the risk factors. Results. Compared with the CG, the curative effect on the OG was evidently improved (

P
<
0.05

). In addition, the height increment, the growth speed, and the bone age of the OG increased evidently (

P
<
0.05

). Compared with the CG, the expression of IGF-1 and 25-(OH)D of the OG elevated (

P
<
0.05

). Serum IGF-1 and 25-(OH)D concentrations were positively correlated with growth rate and bone age (

P
<
0.05

). Risk factors analysis showed that disease course, IGF-1, 25-(OH)D expression, and heredity were the risk factors affecting the curative effect on children. Conclusion. Acupoint application of Chinese medicine has effect on the height and bone age of children with short stature, which is worthy of clinical promotion. In addition, early treatment should be carried out to improve the clinical efficacy of children.
Housing Price Prediction Based on Multiple Linear Regression
Authors: Zhang Qingqi
Published: October 2021

In this paper, the author first analyzes the major factors affecting housing prices with Spearman correlation coefficient, selects significant factors influencing general housing prices, and conducts a combined analysis algorithm. Then, the author establishes a multiple linear regression model for housing price prediction and applies the data set of real estate prices in Boston to test the method. Through the data analysis and test in this paper, it can be summarized that the multiple linear regression model can effectively predict and analyze the housing price to some extent, while the algorithm can still be improved through more advanced machine learning methods.
Heat Transfer Simulation and Temperature Rapid Prediction for Trench Laying Cable
Authors: Fu Chen-Zhao , Si Wen-Rong , Fang Ke-Ke , Yang Jian
Published: October 2021

Heat transfer process for trench laying cable is complex. To guarantee safe operation of the cable, it is necessary to predict the temperature and maximum current capacity of trench laying cable rapidly and accurately. Therefore, in this study, an adaptive optimized particle swarm optimization algorithm (LFVPSO) is proposed based on Levy flight algorithm, and it is used to modify the back propagation neural network algorithm (LFVPSO-BPNN). Then, combined with numerical simulations, a network algorithm for temperature prediction of trench laying cable is developed using LFVPSO-BPNN. Finally, the maximum current capacity of four-loop three-phase trench laying cable is calculated using LFVPSO-BPNN together with genetic algorithm (GA&LFVPSO-BPNN). At first, it is found that the LFVPSO-BPNN algorithm proposed in this study is reliable and accurate to predict the cable maximum temperature for different loops (Tmax,i) in the trench. Furthermore, as compared with other similar algorithms, when LFVPSO-BPNN algorithm is used to predict the temperature of trench laying cable, its computation time would be reduced and the prediction accuracy would be improved as well. Second, it is revealed that the effect of ground air temperature (Tsur) on the maximum current capacity of trench laying cable (It,max) is remarkable. As Tsur increases, the It,max for both flat-type and trefoil-type trench laying cable would significantly decrease. In addition, with the same Tsur, the It,max for the flat-type trench laying cable are obviously higher.
Safety and Toxicity Issues of Therapeutically Used Nanoparticles from the Oral Route
Authors: Lotfipour Farzaneh , Shahi Shahriar , Farjami Afsaneh , Salatin Sara , Mahmoudian Mohammad , Dizaj Solmaz Maleki
Published: October 2021

The emerging science of nanotechnology sparked a research attention in its potential benefits in comparison to the conventional materials used. Oral products prepared via nanoparticles (NPs) have garnered great interest worldwide. They are used commonly to incorporate nutrients and provide antimicrobial activity. Formulation into NPs can offer opportunities for targeted drug delivery, improve drug stability in the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, increase drug solubility and bioavailability, and provide sustained release in the GI tract. However, some issues like the management of toxicity and safe handling of NPs are still debated and should be well concerned before their application in oral preparations. This article will help the reader to understand safety issues of NPs in oral drug delivery and provides some recommendations to the use of NPs in the drug industry.
Some Coincidence and Common Fixed Point Results in Fuzzy Metric Space with an Application to Differential Equations
Authors: Rehman Saif Ur , Shamas Iqra , Jan Naeem , Gumaei Abdu , Al-Rakhami Mabrook
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we study some coincidence point and common fixed point theorems in fuzzy metric spaces by using three-self-mappings. We prove the uniqueness of some coincidence point and common fixed point results by using the weak compatibility of three-self-mappings. In support of our results, we present some illustrative examples for the validation of our work. Our results extend and improve many results given in the literature. In addition, we present an application of fuzzy differential equations to support our work.
The Influence of Ring‐Speed Ratio Dynamic Change on Nonlinear Vibration Response of High‐Speed Turbocharger Rotor System
Authors: Bin Guangfu , Zhang Liang , Yang Feng , Chen Anhua
Published: October 2021

The ring‐speed ratio is a comprehensive dynamic index of floating ring bearing structure and operating parameters, which directly affects the dynamic behavior of the turbocharger rotor system. The cross stiffness of ring‐speed ratio and floating ring bearing and the work of oil film force are analyzed. The influence of dynamic ring‐speed ratio change on the vibration response of floating ring bearing was studied. The finite element model of the rotor‐floating ring bearing system is constructed; its model parameters are verified through the measured critical rotor speed. Newmark integral method is used to analyze the nonlinear transient response. The results show that when the ring‐speed ratio is between 0.18 and 0.24, the rotor is in a good operating state; when it increases from 0.24 to 0.36, the rotor vibration is dominated by frequency division, and the system will be less stable. The square of the ring‐speed ratio is inversely proportional to the rotational speed of the journal where the subfrequency vibration occurs. It helps to know the nonlinear vibration by judging the journal speed when the rotor vibration occurs in subfrequency. The conclusion provides a reference for the mechanical dynamics design and intelligent management and maintenance of this kind of turbine rotors.
Water Inrush Risk Assessment Based on AHP and Advance Forecast Approach: A Case Study in the Micangshan Tunnel
Authors: Song Tao , Zeng Jun , Ma Jiaji , Ma Chunchi , Li Tianbin , Xia Tao
Published: October 2021

Water inrush is a serious geological disaster in tunnel. For the effective prevention and control of the occurrence of water inrush, a static‐dynamic water inrush risk assessment method is proposed by considering the Micangshan tunnel as an example. First, four possible types of water inrush phenomenon are identified based on the geological and hydrogeological conditions of the tunnel: water inrush in water‐bearing cracks, fault fracture zones, karst pipelines, and karst caves. Next, evaluation indexes that affect water inrush are determined. By combining the index weight value calculated by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) with the index quantitative value, the static water inrush disaster evaluation model is established, which provides a basis for tunnel design. Finally, with the combination of the static evaluation model and advanced forecast method, a dynamic risk prediction method of water inrush is established, which provides guidance for safe construction. The results confirm that the proposed method is a reliable theoretical basis for early assessment and prediction of tunnel water inrush disasters.
Efficacy and Safety of Chinese Medicine in Treating Arrhythmia: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: He Hanyu , Han Guoning , Li Xinju , Lan Hongyi , Li Ying , Dou Xiaoxin , Guo Yi , Zhang Mingxing , Liu Hongyan
Published: October 2021

Objective. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of arrhythmia. Methods. The researchers searched CNKI, VIP, WF, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library with the set-up themes as randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of arrhythmia. This research evaluated all the retrieve literature and conducted selection based on the evaluation. Stata software was applied for meta-analysis. Results. 23 articles were retrieved with a total patient number of 2846. The results observed from the meta-analysis indicated the following: (1) compared with the result showed in placebo group, the traditional Chinese medicine group presented to have good efficacy, especially in the treatment of premature ventricular contractions. (2) In comparison with the western medicine group, the curative effect of Chinese medicine could approximately equal the therapeutic effect as western medicine. (3) Compared with the application of sole western medicine group, the combination of both traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine could have a better curative effect. Conclusion. In the treatment of arrhythmia disease, the application of traditional Chinese medicine can be considered as an effective method. In addition to that, the therapeutic effect obtained from the combination of both Chinese traditional medicine and western medicine is clinically better than that of the sole use of western medicine.
Position Paper on the Value of Extended Adjuvant Therapy with Neratinib for Early HER2+/HR+ Breast Cancer
Authors: Balic Marija , Rinnerthaler Gabriel , Bartsch Rupert
Published: October 2021

Background: In August 2018, neratinib – an oral, irreversible pan-HER-tyrosine-kinase inhibitor – was approved by the European Commission for the extended adjuvant treatment of adult patients with early-stage, hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2 overexpressed/amplified (HER2+) breast cancer who completed trastuzumab-based adjuvant therapy within the last year. Despite recent improvements in long-term outcome, there is still an unmet need to further reduce the risk of recurrence, especially in patients with poor response to neoadjuvant treatment. Summary: National and international guidelines included recommendations for using neratinib. Based on the health technology assessment for neratinib, the Federal Joint Committee (G-BA) in Germany has granted an added benefit for neratinib compared with the standard “watch and wait” strategies. Inclusion in the Reimbursement Code, however, was rejected by the Austrian social insurance companies in July 2020, and neratinib is now in the “No Box” for individual head physician reimbursement. Key Messages: We analysed the value of extended adjuvant therapy with neratinib in early HER2+/HR+ breast cancer based on current data and made recommendations for the evidence-based and economical use of neratinib in Austria. In particular, prognostic factors associated with an increased risk of recurrence following standard therapy are considered. Extended adjuvant therapy should be offered primarily to nodal-positive patients at surgery. For nodal-negative patients, neratinib therapy may be considered in case of large and/or inflammatory primary tumours (T3–4) without pathological complete response after neoadjuvant therapy. For all other patients, neratinib may be considered depending on additional risk factors on an individual basis that should be evaluated by interdisciplinary tumour conferences.
Exome-Wide Pan-Cancer Analysis of Germline Variants in 8,719 Individuals Finds Little Evidence of Rare Variant Associations
Authors: Guan Zoe , Shen Ronglai , Begg Colin B.
Published: October 2021

Background: Many cancer types show considerable heritability, and extensive research has been done to identify germline susceptibility variants. Linkage studies have discovered many rare high-risk variants, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have discovered many common low-risk variants. However, it is believed that a considerable proportion of the heritability of cancer remains unexplained by known susceptibility variants. The “rare variant hypothesis” proposes that much of the missing heritability lies in rare variants that cannot reliably be detected by linkage analysis or GWAS. Until recently, high sequencing costs have precluded extensive surveys of rare variants, but technological advances have now made it possible to analyze rare variants on a much greater scale. Objectives: In this study, we investigated associations between rare variants and 14 cancer types. Methods: We ran association tests using whole-exome sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and validated the findings using data from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes Consortium (PCAWG). Results: We identified four significant associations in TCGA, only one of which was replicated in PCAWG (BRCA1 and ovarian cancer). Conclusions: Our results provide little evidence in favor of the rare variant hypothesis. Much larger sample sizes may be needed to detect undiscovered rare cancer variants.
Objective Response to First-Line Treatment as a Predictor of Overall Survival in Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis from Two Centers over a 25-Year Period
Authors: Matikas Alexios , Kotsakis Athanasios , Perraki Maria , Hatzidaki Dora , Kalbakis Konstantinos , Kontopodis Emmanouil , Nikolaou Michail , Georgoulias Vasilios
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to study the efficacy of subsequent treatment lines for metastatic breast cancer (MBC), as well as the association between radiologic objective response rate (ORR) and overall survival (OS). Methods: In this retrospective study, consecutive patients treated for MBC in two centers in Greece from January 1, 1992, to December 31, 2016, were identified and clinicopathologic data regarding tumor characteristics and administered treatments were collected. The efficacy per treatment line in terms of ORR, progression-free survival (PFS) and OS, as well as the prognostic value of ORR at first line were investigated. Results: A total of 977 patients with MBC were identified; 950 received any treatment. At first line, ORR was 43.5%, PFS 11.4 months (95% CI 10.4–12.4), and median OS 52.4 months (95% CI 47.7–57.1). Lower ORR and shorter PFS were observed with each subsequent line. Median OS was significantly longer for patients that had an objective response at first line, 61.9 months (95% CI 51.1–69.7) for responders versus 41.3 months (95% CI 44.1–63.3) for nonresponders (p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, failure to achieve an objective response was an independent predictor of poor survival (hazard ratio 1.70, 95% CI 1.34–2.15, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Late treatment lines for MBC seem to have limited efficacy, while response to first-line therapy is associated with long-term survival. The latter should be considered in the treatment strategy of patients with MBC.
Prognostic Value of Elevated Levels of Plasma N-Acetylneuraminic Acid in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Li Chenze , Zhao Mingming , Xiao Lei , Wei Haoran , Wen Zheng , Hu Dong , Yu Bo , Sun Yang , Gao Jianing , Shen Xiaoqing , Zhang Qi , Cao Huanhuan , Huang Jin , Huang Wei , Li Ke , Huang Man , Ni Li , Yu Ting , Ji Liang , Xu Yangkai , Liu Gang , Konerman Matthew C. , Zheng Lemin , Wen Wang Dao
Published: October 2021

Background:

Cardiac sialylation is involved in a variety of physiological processes in the heart. Altered sialylation has been implicated in heart failure (HF) mice. However, its role in patients with HF is unclear, and the potential effect of modulation of cardiac sialylation is worth exploring.

Methods:

We first assessed the association between plasma N-acetylneuraminic acid levels and the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with HF over a median follow-up period of 2 years. Next, immunoblot analysis and lectin histochemistry were performed in cardiac tissue to determine the expression levels of neuraminidases and the extent of cardiac desialylation. Finally, the therapeutic impact of a neuraminidase inhibitor was evaluated in animal models of HF.

Results:

Among 1699 patients with HF, 464 (27%) died of cardiovascular-related deaths or underwent heart transplantation. We found that the elevated plasma N-acetylneuraminic acid level was independently associated with a higher risk of incident cardiovascular death and heart transplantation (third tertile adjusted hazard ratio, 2.11 [95% CI, 1.67–2.66],
P
<0.001). In addition, in cardiac tissues from patients with HF, neuraminidase expression was upregulated, accompanied by desialylation. Treatment with oseltamivir, a neuraminidase inhibitor, in HF mice infused with isoproterenol and angiotensin II significantly inhibited desialylation and ameliorated cardiac dysfunction.

Conclusions:

This study uncovered a significant association between elevated plasma N-acetylneuraminic acid level and an increased risk of a poor clinical outcome in patients with HF. Our data support the notion that desialylation represents an important contributor to the progression of HF, and neuraminidase inhibition may be a potential therapeutic strategy for HF.
Implications of Myocardial Infarction on Management and Outcome in Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Jung Richard G. , Di Santo Pietro , Mathew Rebecca , Abdel‐Razek Omar , Parlow Simon , Simard Trevor , Marbach Jeffrey A. , Gillmore Taylor , Mao Brennan , Bernick Jordan , Theriault‐Lauzier Pascal , Fu Angel , Lau Lawrence , Motazedian Pouya , Russo Juan J. , Labinaz Marino , Hibbert Benjamin
Published: October 2021

Background

The randomized DOREMI (Dobutamine Compared to Milrinone) clinical trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of milrinone and dobutamine in patients with cardiogenic shock. Whether the results remain consistent when stratified by acute myocardial infarction remains unknown. In this substudy, we sought to evaluate differences in clinical management and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (AMICS) versus non‐AMICS.

Methods and Results

Patients in cardiogenic shock (n=192) were randomized 1:1 to dobutamine or milrinone. The primary composite end point in this subgroup analysis was all‐cause in‐hospital mortality, cardiac arrest, non‐fatal myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, the need for mechanical circulatory support, or initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT) at 30‐days. Outcomes were evaluated in patients with (n=65) and without (n=127) AMICS. The primary composite end point was significantly higher in AMICS versus non‐AMICS (hazard ratio [HR], 2.21; 95% CI, 1.47–3.30;
P
=0.0001). The primary end point was driven by increased rates of all‐cause mortality, mechanical circulatory support, and RRT. No differences in other secondary outcomes including cardiac arrest or cerebrovascular accident were observed. AMICS remained associated with the primary composite outcome, 30‐day mortality, and RRT after adjustment for age, sex, procedural contrast use, multivessel disease, and inotrope type.

Conclusions

AMI was associated with increased rates of adverse clinical outcomes in cardiogenic shock along with increased rates of mortality and initiation of mechanical circulatory support and RRT. Contrast administration during revascularization likely contributes to increased rates of RRT. Heterogeneity of outcomes in AMICS versus non‐AMICS highlights the need to study interventions in specific subgroups of cardiogenic shock.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03207165.
Green Industrial Policy and the Global Transformation of Climate Politics
Authors: Allan Bentley , Lewis Joanna I. , Oatley Thomas
Published: October 2021

The rise of green industrial policy has injected purpose and competition into global environmental politics. Efforts to build green industry have raised the economic and geopolitical stakes of environmental issues as states seek to position their firms in global value chains and reshore strategic industries. This could help to generate the technologies and political momentum needed to accelerate global decarbonization. At the same time, these green interventions confront status quo interests and a variety of industrial policies that support fossil fuel-based industries. To help make sense of this new landscape, this introduction to the special issue defines green industrial policy and situates it within domestic political economy, social policy, and global geopolitics. We present six new studies that demonstrate and explore the global politics of green industrial policy. To illustrate the kinds of effects and implications of green industrial policy we are interested in exploring, we show how green industrial policy has transformed climate politics. Changes in state practice, ideas about the environment and economy, and technological cost declines came together to produce a new opportunistic and competitive climate politics. We then identify areas for further investigation as we call for a new climate politics research agenda, integrating green industrial policy more intentionally into studies of global environmental politics.
An Extension of Chung-ying Cheng’s Onto-Generative Hermeneutics
Authors: Höchsmann Hyun
Published: October 2021

Chung-ying Cheng’s onto-generative hermeneutical studies of the foundational philosophical texts of China and the Western philosophical traditions expand the horizon of comparative interpretative analyses. The origin of onto-generative hermeneutics is multifaceted, ranging from the Yijing 《易經》(the Book of Changes) and the Neo-Confucian text of Zhang Zai, Ximing《西銘》 (the Western Inscription) to the phenomenology of Husserl and Merleau-Ponty, and to the hermeneutics of Gadamer. Building on Cheng’s examination of the relation between phenomenology, hermeneutics, and the classical texts of Chinese philosophy, the present discussion begins with an exploration of the origin and the continuation of phenomenology and hermeneutics in a comparative frame of reference of Chinese and Greek texts.
The Heart of Self Formation
Authors: Lasater Phillip M.
Published: October 2021

This article discusses the “heart” as part of the terminology for selfhood in ancient Jewish literature. After discussing a couple of criticisms of studies of the self and showing how these criticisms fail to persuade, the paper examines a range of texts in the Hebrew Bible, the Dead Sea Scrolls, and beyond for conceptions of the moral self. Special attention is given to the legal S tradition in the Scrolls as a fruitful illustration of how the self and law are recurring conceptual companions. In this legal tradition, a universalizing conception of selfhood and agency is rooted in local, practical concerns of a community.
An Untold Story of Dogs: Clandestine Canine Contributions to Science
Authors: Bloom Tina
Published: October 2021

Dogs and humans have cohabited between 15,000 and 100,000 years. Given even the lower estimate, the time our two species have intertwined is noteworthy. Here, the focus is on the scientific impact of canines on their companion humans’ research. While any admixture of subject and object in science, in this instance human and dog, is conventionally dismissed, indeed censured, testimonies from both past and contemporary scientists acknowledge the revelatory insights that relationships with their companion dogs have had on their work. Such vital trans-species attachments not only exist, but they also cannot be excised from science; accuracy and understanding epistemic genealogy require their consideration. Viewing phenomena from a trans-species lens, scientists can access profound sources of non-anthropocentric information and inspiration. Beyond the scientific understanding that nonhuman animals possess brains, minds, and emotions comparable to those of our species, dogs have earned acknowledgement for their contributions to scholarly work.
Thinking With Models: The Construction of Legal Cases as Reflected in Late Qing Local Archives
Authors: Constant Frédéric
Published: October 2021

In current scholarship, late imperial China’s criminal justice is mainly studied through judicial documents reviewed by the central administration, first and foremost the xingke tiben 刑科題本, or copies of routine memorials made by the censorial section of the Board of Punishments, as well as memorandum (shuotie 說帖) recorded in collections of cases. In this article, by contrast, I analyze a sample of more than forty dossiers on criminal cases constituted at the county level, for which the final judgment approved by the central administration is known. The reconstitution of the whole adjudication process shows that local magistrates often adapted the facts to fit the extant legal categories and commonly relied on model cases to craft their decisions. This pattern of administration of justice did not necessarily entail a miscarriage of justice and has its origin in a form of legal reasoning framed by the bureaucratic organization of late imperial Chinese justice.