bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data from The Cancer-Associated ATM R3008H Mutation Reveals the Link between ATM Activation and Its Exchange
Authors: Milanovic Maja , Sprinzen Lisa , Menolfi Demis , Lee Ji-Hoon , Yamamoto Kenta , Li Yang , Lee Brian J. , Xu Jun , Estes Verna M. , Wang Dong , Mckinnon Peter J. , Paull Tanya T. , Zha Shan
Published: August 2024

Abstract
ATM kinase is a tumor suppressor and a master regulator of the DNA damage response. Most cancer-associated alterations to ATM are missense mutations at the PI3-kinase regulatory domain (PRD) or the kinase domain. Expression of kinase-dead (KD) ATM protein solely accelerates lymphomagenesis beyond ATM loss. To understand how PRD suppresses lymphomagenesis, we introduced the cancer-associated PRD mutation R3008H (R3016 in mouse) into mice. R3008H abrogated DNA damage- and oxidative stress-induced activation of ATM without consistently affecting ATM protein stability and recruitment. In contrast to the early embryonic lethality of AtmKD/KD mice, AtmR3016H (AtmR/R) mice were viable, immunodeficient, and displayed spontaneous craniofacial abnormalities and delayed lymphomagenesis compared with Atm−/− controls. Mechanistically, R3008H rescued the tardy exchange of ATM-KD at DNA damage foci, indicating that PRD coordinates ATM activation with its exchange at DNA-breaks. Taken together, our results reveal a unique tumorigenesis profile for PRD mutations that is distinct from null or KD mutations.
Significant:
This study functionally characterizes the most common ATM missense mutation R3008H in cancer and identifies a unique role of PI3-kinase regulatory domain in ATM activation.
Figure S8 from Loss of STK11 Suppresses Lipid Metabolism and Attenuates KRAS-Induced Immunogenicity in Patients with Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Principe Daniel R. , Pasquinelli Mary M. , Nguyen Ryan H. , Munshi Hidayatullah G. , Hulbert Alicia , Aissa Alexandre F. , Weinberg Frank
Published: August 2024

Figure S8. Tumor stage and PD-L1 expression independently associate with overall survival
Supplementary Figure 6 from KRAS Promotes GLI2-Dependent Transcription during Pancreatic Carcinogenesis
Authors: Sigafoos Ashley N. , Tolosa Ezequiel J. , Carr Ryan M. , Fernandez-Barrena Maite G. , Almada Luciana L. , Pease David R. , Hogenson Tara L. , Raja Arul Glancis L. , Mousavi Fatemeh , Sen Sandhya , Vera Renzo E. , Marks David L. , Flores Luis F. , LaRue-Nolan Kayla C. , Wu Chen , Bamlet William R. , Vrabel Anne M. , Sicotte Hugues , Schenk Erin L. , Smyrk Thomas C. , Zhang Lizhi , Rabe Kari G. , Oberg Ann L. , Zaphiropoulos Peter G. , Chevet Eric , Graham Rondell P. , Hagen Catherine E. , di Magliano Marina P. , Elsawa Sherine F. , Pin Christopher L. , Mao Junhao , McWilliams Robert R. , Fernandez-Zapico Martin E.
Published: August 2024

Supplementary Figure 6 describes RNA-seq shows differential gene expression induced by oncogenic KRAS.
Submakuläre Blutungen bei neovaskulärer altersbedingter Makuladegeneration: Eine Meta-Analyse und Meta-Regression über den Einsatz von tPA und Anti-VEGF
Authors: Veritti Daniele , Sarao Valentina , Martinuzzi Deborah , Menzio Sara , Lanzetta Paolo
Published: August 2024

Hintergrund: Submakuläre Blutungen (SMH) im Zusammenhang mit einer neovaskulären altersbedingten Makuladegeneration (nAMD) führen zu einer raschen Verschlechterung des Sehvermögens und beeinträchtigen die Lebensqualität. Die Behandlungsmethoden sind unterschiedlich, aber die kombinierte Therapie mit rekombinantem Gewebeplasminogenaktivator (tPA) und gegen den vaskulären endothelialen Wachstumsfaktor gerichteten (Anti-VEGF-) Wirkstoffen hat als praktikable Behandlungsoption an Bedeutung gewonnen. Zielsetzungen: Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Wirksamkeit der Kombination von tPA und Anti-VEGF-Wirkstoffen zu bewerten. Method: en: Wir führten eine systematische Übersichtsarbeit mit einer Meta-Analyse gemäß den PRISMA-Richtlinien durch und konzentrierten uns dabei auf Studien, die die tPA- und Anti-VEGF-Therapie bei SMH als Folge von nAMD untersuchten. Die erfassten Ergebnisse waren die Veränderung der bestkorrigierten Sehschärfe (BCVA) und die Erfolgsrate der SMH-Verdrängung. Eine Meta-Regression bewertete die relative Wirksamkeit der intravitrealen und subretinalen Verabreichung. Ergebnisse: Von den ursprünglich 257 Berichten erfüllten 22 Studien mit 29 Patientengruppen die Einschlusskriterien. Unsere Analyse zeigte eine signifikante Verbesserung des Visus und eine hohe Rate an erfolgreicher SMH-Verdrängung bei kombinierter tPA- und Anti-VEGF-Therapie. Es wurden keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen subretinaler und intravitrealer tPA-Verabreichung festgestellt. Darüber hinaus zeigten die Ergebnisse bei der Bewertung der Wirkung einer subretinalen gegenüber einer intravitrealen Verabreichung von Anti-VEGF-Wirkstoffen bei Patienten, die mit subretinalem tPA behandelt wurden, eine ähnliche Wirksamkeit.
The Traditional Way of Saving Money Versus the Modern Style of Invest-ment: The Financial Management Styles of Sorsogon State University (Sor-su) Bulan Campus Faculty Members
Authors: Bongalonta Michael B. , Bongalonta Michelle M. , Gigantoca Santos E.
Published: August 2024

This research was conducted to identify the practices employed by the SorSU Faculty members towards saving money as well as discover the problems encountered by them in handling their finances. A total of 40 faculty members of Sorsogon State University Bulan Campus participated in this study. The mixed designed was used in this research which employed survey and focus group discussions.
This study concludes that the faculty members of SorSU Bulan Campus adopt both the traditional way of saving money and the modern style of investment as modes of saving their finances which include budgeting, joining in “paluwagan”, using piggy bank, maintaining bank accounts and deposits and purchasing investment instruments. Increasing cost of utilities and unexpected day-to-day expenses; lack of financial literacy; poor debt management; and low and delayed salaries were the problems encountered by the faculty participants in handling their monetary resources. From the results of the study, this highly recommends the adoption of the Bongalonta’s Financial Model for SorSU Bulan Campus Faculty Members designed by the researcher as a guide or model for saving money. It is likewise recommended that seminars and trainings on financial literacy may be conducted.
Individual, Family, and Community Transformations through Opportuni-ties Facilitated by Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET)
Authors: Narsico Peter G. , Narsico Lalaine O. , Rio Rachel B.
Published: August 2024

This study explores how individuals strive to improve their livelihoods by leveraging accessible opportunities. It aimed to evaluate the outcomes of Technical-Vocational Education and Training (TVET) programs on participants, along with the subsequent effects on their families and immediate community, emphasizing the programs' transformative influence. The research highlights the intersection of poverty alleviation, employment, education, and industry—core elements of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. The investigation was conducted in a neighborhood in Cebu City, Philippines, conveniently located near a technical-vocational training center. A qualitative approach, specifically using case study methodology, was employed. Convenience sampling was used to gather information, leading to interviews with consenting participants. Additionally, observations from nearby residents who have witnessed the community’s changes over time served as supplementary data. The study sought to understand respondents' personal experiences with training programs, the effects on their families and immediate community, their unique circumstances, and the key insights and significant implications. The findings reveal that skills training improves employability, helps meet basic needs, and enhances the quality of life at individual, family, and community levels. The study concludes that skills training has a transformative impact on these three areas. However, to fully optimize its positive effects, skills training should be supplemented with additional initiatives.
Prevalência de transtornos do humor e ansiedade em pessoas com epilepsia: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Dutra Lucas Santana , Darzé Neto Calil
Published: August 2024

Introdução: A epilepsia é reconhecida como um grupo de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis que têm em comum crises epilépticas recorrentes e está associada a maior predisposição a comorbidades psiquiátricas. Embora os transtornos de humor e de ansiedade ocorram frequentemente em pessoas com epilepsia e prejudiquem a qualidade de vida e os resultados do tratamento, os estudos atuais para investigar essas comorbidades permanecem com resultados insatisfatórios para a população com epilepsia nos países em desenvolvimento. Objetivos: Descrever a frequência dos transtornos de humor e ansiedade e as características clínicas e sociodemográficas de pessoas com epilepsia que apresentam esses transtornos. Métodos: Revisão de literatura nas bases de dados EMBASE, LILACS, PsycINFO, Pubmed e Scielo. Foram incluídos estudos transversais publicados nos últimos 5 anos, nos idiomas português e inglês, que avaliaram comorbidades em indivíduos com 18 anos ou mais com diagnóstico de epilepsia atendendo aos critérios da Liga Internacional Contra a Epilepsia. Resultados: Nossa busca rastreou 3.054 artigos, dos quais 3.047 foram excluídos por publicação duplicada e por serem incompatíveis com o tema devido a critérios de elegibilidade. Os resultados encontrados para diagnósticos psiquiátricos variaram de 18% a 52,6% para prevalência de transtornos de humor e de 6,5% a 33,4% para transtornos de ansiedade. Conclusão: Esta revisão encontrou maior prevalência de transtornos de humor e ansiedade em pessoas com epilepsia. Dessa forma, os médicos responsáveis pelo tratamento de pessoas com epilepsia devem estar atentos ao aumento das chances de transtornos de humor e ansiedade nesta população, a fim de realizar uma abordagem adequada a estes pacientes.
Organas: um caminho histórico múltiplo e revelador
Authors: Ferreira João de Araújo
Published: August 2024

Este trabalho propõe atestação de possível lacuna em estudos organológicos ocidentais via variações de nomes e descrições observadas em registros escritos, cruzados e somados, quando aplicável, a outras fontes (como esculturas e desenhos) e a contextos paralelos e simultâneos com fundamentos de outras áreas da Ciência, a saber: História, Sociologia, Matemática (estatística, comparativa), Linguística (etimologia, filologia) e Literatura Comparada (sintaxe, análise de discurso). A técnica apresentada, resumida pelo termo onomato-organologia, teria base na Metodologia Dialética (Lakatos & Marconi, 2003, p.101-107; Gil, 2008, p.16-20), de onde desenvolveu-se que para aplicação em organologia / musicologia, os chamados “fenômenos circundantes ao estudo”, analisados em cruzamento com as demais Ciências citadas, consistiria em: identificação dos estudos em línguas europeias (e fontes citadas nestes) que mais teriam sido secundados desde publicações em latim (Matemática); retraduções e reanálises atentas a contextos musicológicos (Linguística e Literatura Comparada); organização cronológica dos registros mais remotos estimados de cada significado (para cruzamento de contextos histórico-sociais) para então, no Desenvolvimento, analisar padrões no quadro histórico geral, a partir de variações tanto das nomenclaturas quanto das características organológicas que se mativeram em diferentes instrumentos. Uma delimitação a citações relacionadas ao termo genérico organa foi escolhida para este artigo como exemplo geral, pelo peculiar desenvolvimento de significados difusos a partir do século IV, em entendimentos considerados parciais posto que, a princípio, significativamente diferentes: seu singular em latim organum é hoje relacionado à ancestralidade dos órgãos modernos, à harmonia entre vozes e a nome de instrumentos organologicamente muito diferentes (de sopro, com e sem foles, com e sem teclados, cordofones). Tais entendimentos, entre outros fatores, teriam até então dificultado ou desfocado aprofundamentos de estudos sobre resquícios históricos tanto em nomenclaturas quando em características organológicas de instrumentos musicais; resquícios estes que ter-se-iam multiplicado paralelamente por diversos nomes e instrumentos no caso possivelmente único das organas, tradução em português arbitrada para este artigo a fim de indicar o padrão de continuidade observado. A principal motivação é colaborar com novas visões para estudos históricos sobre instrumentos musicais e, possivelmente, até para outras aplicações de metodologias em outras áreas da Ciência.
A Transformação da Produção Musical Independente de Canções no Século XXI
Authors: Silva André Luiz Nunes da , Camargo Cristina Moura Emboaba da Costa Julião de
Published: August 2024

Independent record labels and their often implicit relationship with major labels are one of the themes investigated in this historical retrospective through exploratory research with bibliographic review that addresses the musical landscape in which independent artists are embedded. Due to the complexity and breadth of the topic of independent production in the music industry, it was chosen to explore not only the structure of independent record labels but also the nature of independent scenes themselves. For this purpose, categories such as "independent artist," "artist direct" (Mulligan, Mark, 2021), and "artist entrepreneur" (Cerqueira, 2018) will be addressed. Furthermore, the importance of the contemporary connection between independent artists and the consumer market for songs through social networks will be highlighted, as they have become an important channel for the dissemination and promotion of their works. This work arises from the close relationship of one of the authors of the article with independent music production, being himself a artist direct who seeks to understand the challenges and opportunities that permeate this ever-changing musical universe.
Not So Transient?: A Narrative Review on Cognitive Impairment After Transient Ischemic Attack
Authors: Hayes Alexander , Kasner Scott E. , Favilla Christopher G. , Rothstein Aaron , Witsch Jens , Hamilton Roy H. , Sloane Kelly L.
Published: August 2024

Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is traditionally viewed as a self-resolving episode of neurological change without persistent impairments and without evidence of acute brain injury on neuroimaging. However, emerging evidence suggests that TIA may be associated with lingering cognitive dysfunction. Cognitive impairment is a prevalent and disabling sequela of ischemic stroke, but the clinical relevance of this phenomenon after TIA is less commonly recognized. We performed a literature search of observational studies of cognitive function after TIA. There is a consistent body of literature suggesting that rates of cognitive impairment following TIA are higher than healthy controls, but the studies included here are limited by heterogeneity in design and analysis methods. We go on to summarize recent literature on proposed pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of cognitive impairment following TIA and finally suggest future directions for further research in this field.
Investigating the genetic relationship of intracranial and subcortical brain volumes with depression and other psychiatric disorders
Authors: García-Marín Luis M. , Ogonowski Natalia S. , Han Laura K.M. , Maya-Martínez Mateo , Mitchell Brittany L. , Schmaal Lianne , Martin Nicholas G. , Rentería Miguel E.
Published: August 2024

Depression is one of the most common mental health disorders worldwide, yet its neurobiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Structural brain differences in subcortical limbic regions are thought to be implicated in the pathology of depression. We leveraged genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary-level data to explore the molecular pathways underlying the relationship between genetic risk for depression and intracranial and subcortical brain volumes measured via magnetic resonance imaging. At the whole-genome level, we identified a negative genetic correlation (rG) between depression and the volume of the ventral diencephalon (rG = -0.08), which remained significant after adjusting for multiple testing. We observed nominal (P < 0.05) positive genetic correlations between depression and the volumes of the caudate nucleus (rG = 0.06) and the putamen (rG = 0.06), while hippocampal volume displayed a negative genetic correlation (rG = -0.06) with depression. Pairwise GWAS analyses uncovered 104 genome segments with genetic variants influencing the aetiology of depression and at least one brain volume at the local genetic level. Gene association analyses of these genomic segments suggest putative links with dopamine neurotransmission, mesocorticolimbic functional connectivity, GABAergic transmission, and the insulin signalling pathway. Sensitivity analyses showed that the volume of the ventral diencephalon is also negatively correlated with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia; however, most of the genes associated with depression and brain volumes are specific for depression and do not replicate when investigating bipolar disorder or schizophrenia with brain volumes. We observed negative phenotypic correlations between depression and intracranial and subcortical brain volumes. Overall, our findings contribute to our understanding of the neurobiology of depression and suggest that, besides the known role of the hippocampus, other subcortical structures might also play essential roles in the aetiology of depression.
Should We Pass the Great Filter?
Authors: Harmsen Maaike Eline , van den Brink Gijsbert
Published: August 2024

This paper provides a Christian philosophical and theological response to the moral imperative of human advancement through multiplanetarism as emerging from the Great Filter theory. First, it explains the Fermi paradox that underlies the Great Filter theory. Next, it explores this theory itself and its motivational power in driving advancement toward multiplanetarism. In particular, we explore two motives behind the multiplanetary efforts that are (in part) guided by the Great Filter theory, analyzing the relevant statements of SpaceX founder and chief engineer Elon Musk. Finally, we assess these motivations (and the accompanying normative assumptions) behind space exploration and multiplanetarism from the perspective of Reformational philosophy, using Herman Dooyeweerd’s theory of ground motives as a lens. Thus, the paper’s leading research question is this: How can we assess the current attempts at securing a multiplanetary existence for humankind in the light of Dooyeweerd’s theory of ground motives?
Ukraine’s Parliament during Wartime
Authors: Ivasyk Stanislav
Published: August 2024

The article examines the challenge of balancing security restrictions with the need for transparent and democratic legislative functioning. It begins by highlighting the importance of transparency and its relationship with democracy and good governance. Using Ukraine as a case study, the article reviews the open data and other transparency measures employed by Ukraine’s Parliament before the onset of the full-scale Russian aggression on February 24, 2022. It then discusses the limitations imposed on these measures following the declaration of martial law, the ensuing public debate, and subsequent modifications to specific transparency restrictions. Through concrete examples, the paper argues that a lack of transparency and the failure to balance security limitations with public demand for openness can undermine the parliament’s legitimacy and constitutional authority. The article concludes that security measures must be proportionate and regularly updated to preserve the integrity of parliamentary democracy and the constitutional role of the parliament.
An Investigation of Language-Specific and Orthographic Effects in L2 Arabic geminate production by Advanced Japanese- and English-speaking learners
Authors: Aldossari Albandary , Stevenson Ryan Andrew , Rafat Yasaman
Published: August 2024

Research has indicated that second-language learners have difficulty producing geminates accurately. Previous studies have also shown an effect of orthography on second-language speech production. We tested whether the existence of a contrast in the first language phonology for length aids the second-language production of the same contrast. Furthermore, we examined the effect of exposure to orthographic input on geminate consonant production in a cross-script context. We tested the production of Arabic geminate-singleton stop consonants [/bː/-/b/, /tː/-/t/, /dː/-/d/, and /kː/-/k/], a nasal stop consonant /mː/-/m/, and an emphatic stop consonant /tˤː/-/tˤ/, as well as the effect of the diacritic used in Arabic to mark gemination in a delayed imitation task and two reading tasks (ortho-with diacritics and ortho-without diacritics). A comparison of the productions of advanced Japanese-speaking learners, English-speaking learners, and an Arabic control group showed that both learner groups were able to produce Arabic geminate stops; however, the Japanese-speaking learners exhibited an advantage over the English-speaking learners in the auditory-only task and in the presence of diacritics, highlighting the fact that orthographic effects may occur in some cross-script contexts.
Group Conflict, Racial Inequality, and Stratification
Authors: Brundage Brendan , Tavani Daniele
Published: August 2024

We present a simple equilibrium model of group conflict that formalizes several key insights of stratification economics. To begin with, discrimination is a purposeful activity pursued by dominant groups in order to maintain their status in society. However, not every member of the dominant group needs to fully engage in discriminatory efforts. In other words, dominant-group members can free ride on discriminatory actions taken by members of the same group. At the same time, though, someone must have discriminated, otherwise discrimination would not exist in equilibrium. We also show that discrimination is wasteful from a societal standpoint; yet, it persists because of the dominant group’s interest in maintaining their status, the fact that marginalized groups’ agency in lessening the effects of discrimination has costs, and the costly and imperfect nature of antidiscrimination enforcement. In particular, when the burden of proving discriminatory behavior falls on individuals in the marginalized group, discrimination will never be completely removed. Finally, we highlight how racial income inequality reverberates into wealth inequality (i.e., stratification), and we discuss the role of reparations in mitigating such outcomes.
Pecola’s People: Microhistories, the Politics of Respectability, and Interrogations of the Power of the Outside Gaze
Authors: Smith Abraham
Published: August 2024

Through an examination of the microhistories of three select communities (African American women, twentieth-century gay and lesbian activists in the U.S., and the presumed audience that heard 1 Timothy), the article interrogates the hyper-normative standards or “outside gaze” that marginalized communities often internalize in their quests for respectability or acceptance from more dominant social powers. The article argues that such standards (whether in the form of middle-class decorum, cisgendered heteronormativity, or ancient Rome’s notions of piety) must be challenged by counternarratives because such standards are discursive frames and restrictive binaries rooted in histories of power and domination. Such frames police thought, presuppose a deficit of one kind or another in the marginalized communities, and inevitably lead such marginalized groups down a path of psychic scarring and self-loathing.
Optimisation of influencing factors for iron recovery rate in melting reduction ironmaking using response surface methodology
Authors: Chen Pingan , Liu Ting , Dai Fangqin , Guo Yue , Zeng Weidong , Wang Zeyue
Published: August 2024

Melting reduction ironmaking is hailed as an environmentally sustainable and broadly implemented technique in the realm of iron production. Scholars and researchers from across the globe have dedicated significant resources and efforts towards the study, refinement and advancement of this pivotal field. The current study undertakes experiments on the iron ore melting reduction process scrutinising the impact of C/O, alkalinity, temperature and holding time on the pig iron yield and the iron recovery rate. The experimental conditions of the study revealed that the increase in C/O led to a decline in both the yield of pig iron and the iron recovery rate. It is noteworthy that, in the C/O range between 0.8 and 1.0, the iron recovery rate decreased from 94.54% to 87.52%. Additionally, there was an observable decrease in pig iron yield and iron recovery rate as alkalinity increased, with the lowest point being an alkalinity of 2.0. The iron recovery rate gradually increased with the rise in temperature, peaking at 94.13% at 1500 °C. Moreover, the iron recovery rate initially increased and then decreased with the increase in holding time, finally reaching its highest value of 94.77% after 40 min. Model equations were formulated using the response surface methodology to optimise the relevant parameters, and they aligned well with the experimental data. Under optimal conditions with a C/O of 0.72, an alkalinity of 1.15, a temperature of 1544 °C and a holding time of 33 min, the iron recovery rate achieved an impressive 98.6294%. The iron recovery had a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.988, and analysis of variance confirmed that the C/O, alkalinity and temperature had the most significant impact on the iron recovery rate.
Library and information science students’ professional skills and personal competencies with internship effects: A case study of Bangladesh
Authors: Yesmin Shamima
Published: August 2024

This article investigates the nuanced relationship between completing an internship and the development of professional skills and personal competency among library and information science students in Bangladesh. The study used a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative aspects. It involved distributing a semi-structured questionnaire to 128 library and information science students (undergraduates and postgraduates) at four Bangladeshi universities (public and private) who had completed internships. The quantitative phase examined the demographic data and trends, while the qualitative phase involved follow-up interviews with the students to understand the impact of the internship programme on their personal and professional abilities. Scale measurement analysis evaluated the questionnaire’s reliability and normality. The results show the impact of internship programmes on personal and professional skills and competencies that will be linked to their future career-oriented employment. As universities offering library and information science internships still lack modules or frameworks for such programs, the author proposes a module to prepare students for employment.
Identifying “Types” of authoritarians: A latent profile analysis of left- and right-wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation
Authors: Lilly Kieren J. , Costello Thomas H. , Sibley Chris G. , Osborne Danny
Published: August 2024

Recent research argues that authoritarianism exists on the right and left, further positing that both manifestations share core features. We explore this possibility by conducting a latent profile analysis of left-wing authoritarianism (LWA), right-wing authoritarianism (RWA), and social dominance orientation (SDO) in a nationwide random sample of adults ( N = 34,101). Five unique profiles emerged: Low Social Dominators (low-to-moderate LWA/RWA, low SDO; 41.8% of the sample), Moderate Right-wing Authoritarians (low LWA, moderate RWA, low-to-moderate SDO; 35.7% of the sample), Moderate-Moderates (low LWA, moderate RWA, moderate SDO; 13.7% of the sample), Left-wing Authoritarians (high LWA, low RWA/SDO; 7.5% of the sample), and High Social Dominators (low LWA, low-to-moderate RWA, high SDO; 1.34% of the sample). Men, people low in agreeableness, and people high in vengeful rumination were more likely to belong to all profiles (compared to the Low Social Dominators), suggesting some similarities across distinct forms of authoritarianism. Left-wing Authoritarians did, however, differ substantively in their demographic characteristics, personality, and social attitudes, undermining claims of a shared authoritarian core. These findings highlight the need to further evaluate how distinct types of authoritarians manifest across the political spectrum and the utility of the common core hypothesis.
The effect of embedded EGR pipe in diesel engine intake port on in-cylinder intake stratification
Authors: Bao Guangyuan , He Chao , Xie Libing , Xiao Yingxue , Li Jiaqiang
Published: August 2024

This study focuses on the design of an embedded Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) pipe within the helical intake port of a diesel engine, adjusting the in-cylinder EGR stratification by changing the structural parameters of the EGR pipe, and examining its impact on engine combustion and emissions. The main focus is on the effect of EGR pipe angle B on in-cylinder EGR stratification. The degree of in-cylinder EGR gas stratification is used to evaluate the EGR stratification gradient and analyze the effects of different swirl ratios and EGR stratification on combustion. The study shows that introducing CO2 through the EGR pipe can form an ideal radial stratification of rich outer and lean inner layers in the combustion chamber, with a maximum stratification degree of up to 13.2%. Comparative analysis of different swirl ratios and EGR gas introduction reveals that increasing the swirl ratio can significantly reduce soot emissions. Additionally, introducing 10% CO2 through the embedded EGR pipe can significantly reduce NO x emissions.
Dissipative MHD flow of ternary hybrid Ag–TiO2–Al2O3/H2O nanofluid over an inclined sheet with activation energy
Authors: Shankar Goud B. , Das Utpal Jyoti , Majumdar Nayan Mani
Published: August 2024

This study has been carried out to understand unsteady MHD slip flow of water-based ternary hybrid nanofluid, including platelet Ag, titanium dioxide [Formula: see text] and cylindrical [Formula: see text] nanoparticles, across an angled sheet. The complicated scenario above investigates how ternary hybrid nanofluid behaves when it stretched across an inclined surface in the existence of magnetic field. Understanding of this relationship is essential in complex thermal systems, such as energy-generating technologies and cooling mechanisms. This study can help optimise heat transfer rates, improve thermal conductivity and increase efficiency in real applications by adjusting flow parameters and temperature distribution. In the existence of first-order velocity slip, heat transfer has been examined, taking into account porous media, activation energy, and chemical reaction. The novel impacts of magnetic field and effective thermophysical properties of ternary nanofluid are considered, and a new model for heat transfer is successfully implemented. Oil extraction from hydrocarbon sources and smelting metal and semiconductor combinations to create semiconductor devices comprise two useful applications for this activity. The study is more accommodating due to the Soret effect. The relevant similarity transformations are applied in primary equations, and a built-in bvp4c program is employed for solutions. The effectiveness of the numerical approach is demonstrated by thorough agreement with results published in the past. Key conclusions are as follows: greater values of first-order slip parameter cause the flow to slow down; increase in the Soret number causes the flow to speed up; and fluid movement slips by higher values of the chemical reaction. Activation energy enhances the fluid concentration.
Investigation on the mechanical and tribological behavior of tungsten-reinforced Ti-5Al-2.5Sn composites
Authors: Giridharadhayalan M. , Ramkumar T. , Selvakumar M.
Published: August 2024

The composite material under this investigation was fabricated using the microwave sintering process. The matrix materials chosen for the preparation of composite materials include pure titanium (Ti), aluminium (Al), and tin (Sn). Tungsten (W) is used as the reinforcing material, with variable weight percentages of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%. The purpose of this study is to assess the fundamental mechanical properties (microhardness, elastic moduli, fracture toughness, contact stiffness, etc.) and surface degradation properties (wear) of the composite materials that were fabricated. Furthermore, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy with line mapping analysis were performed to verify the existence of reinforcement particles evenly distributed in the matrix material and scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) examination was done on the wear tested samples. The density of the Ti-5Al-2.5Sn-2W composite material has been enhanced in comparison to the density of Ti-5Al-2.5Sn. The results of the Micro Vickers hardness test indicate that the Ti-5Al-2.5Sn-2W composite exhibits a hardness that is 3.1% higher than that of the Ti-5Al-2.5Sn material. In comparison to Ti-5Al-2.5Sn, the Ti-5Al-2.5Sn-2W composite displayed a 10% lower wear rate and 7% coefficient of friction, respectively. The findings show that increasing the weight percentage of tungsten (W) greatly enhances the mechanical and wear characteristics of the composites.
Painful Ankle due to Impingement Between the Medial Malleolus and Navicular
Authors: Nischal Neha , Iyengar Karthikeyan P. , Botchu Rajesh
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

A plethora of pathologies can cause medial ankle pain.

Material and methods:

We present a case of 66-year-old male with medial ankle pain.

Result:

Bilateral CTEV (Congenital talipes equino varus) with impingement between the navicular and medial malleolus was present, which was contributing to medial ankle pain.

Conclusion:

One needs to be aware of this rare form of impingement in patients with medial ankle pain.
A Lymphoepithelioma-Like Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma With Massive Multinucleated Giant Cell Reaction
Authors: Luyao Fang , Xiangnan Zhang , Qiaoyun Min , Hui Zhang , Huanping Meng , Tianwen Xu , Huanfen Zhao
Published: August 2024

Lymphoepithelioma-like intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (LEL-ICC) is a rare liver tumor that appears as a hepatic nodule on imaging with a specific pathological pattern, and the definitive diagnosis relies on its pathological histomorphology, immunophenotype, and Epstein-Barr encoding region test. Radical surgical resection is the primary treatment modality, and immunotherapy is expected to be a new adjuvant treatment option. LEL-ICC with massive multinucleated giant cell infiltration has not been reported so far. In this article, we report a patient with LEL-ICC showing massive multinucleated giant cell infiltration, review the relevant literature, and analyze its clinicopathological features and prognosis to accumulate experience for the accurate diagnosis of LEL-ICC.
Effects of Cell Phone Conversation on Drivers’ Perceptions of Cyclists’ Intentions
Authors: Petersen Christine M. , DeLucia Patricia R. , Roy Madison
Published: August 2024

In the last decade, there has been an increase in the number of cyclists killed in traffic collisions. One potential cause of collisions between vehicles and cyclists is drivers’ inaccurate judgments of cyclists’ intentions. Another possible cause for collision is cell phone use, which diverts drivers’ attention from the road. The current study aimed to determine what cues drivers used to make quick and accurate judgments of intent and whether talking on a cell phone impacted drivers’ abilities to accurately predict cyclists’ intentions. Our results revealed that only arm signals significantly impacted driver judgments; road position and head movement did not. The results also showed that simulated cell phone conversations led to less accurate responses, highlighting the dangers of talking on the phone while driving.
Predicting External Hand Forces During Overhead Work: An Approach Using EMG and Random Forest Regression
Authors: Behjati Ashtiani Mohamad , Freidouny Mohammadreza , Ojelade Aanuoluwapo , Kim Sunwook , Nussbaum Maury A.
Published: August 2024

We developed a predictive model to estimate dynamic external hand forces during overhead tasks while wearing arm-support exoskeletons (ASEs). Despite the reported potential of ASEs to reduce muscle activation during overhead work, challenges in EMG sensor placement hinder comprehensive muscle monitoring. ASE effectiveness can be assessed by estimating shoulder forces through inverse dynamics, which requires external forces and body kinematics. Direct measurement of external forces can be quite challenging in practice. However, a predictive model could support estimating these forces without load cells. Participants completed task simulations using ASEs, while muscle activity and external forces were measured. Employing a random forest algorithm, EMG signals were mapped to force time series, accounting for participant characteristics and task parameters. Mean load cell values were 7.6 (SD 30.5) N, while predicted values were 7.6 (SD 22.7) N, affirming the potential of using EMG signals to estimate external hand forces while using ASEs.
Investigating Manual Labor Workers’ Perceptions of Exoskeletons using the Wearable Robot Perception (WeaR-P) Questionnaire
Authors: Valentin Yves , Le Thi D. , Choi HeeSun
Published: August 2024

Industrial exoskeletons have the potential to reduce injury risk and enhance productivity among manual labor workers. Despite the expected benefits, there is limited understanding of workers’ attitudes and perceptions toward this novel technology. This study examined manual labor workers’ multi-dimensional perception of exoskeletons compared to general populations using the newly developed Wearable Robot Perception (WeaR-P) Questionnaire. Sixty-two workers with physically demanding jobs and 59 university students completed the questionnaire after reading information on industrial exoskeletons. Results indicated that the overall perception of exoskeletons among manual labor workers was more favorable than that of the healthy, young students who are unlikely to perform everyday tasks involving high physical demands. Prior experience with exoskeletons among workers did not impact their perception of the technology. The findings suggest that an individual’s perception of exoskeletons may vary depending on their daily tasks and goals; however, hands-on experience may not change their overall perceptions.
Exploring Team Error Management in Human Autonomy Teams During Automation Errors
Authors: Zhang Ruihao , Gorman Jamie C. , Cooke Nancy J.
Published: August 2024

Human Autonomy Teams (HATs) have been studied and many factors can influence HAT performance. However, how HATs manage team errors has yet to be understood. This paper explores how HATs manage team errors, specifically after automation errors and after receiving different forms of team training, using previously collected data. Three-member teams of two humans and one AI teammate were studied, completing reconnaissance tasks using Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS). The findings indicate that training methods may influence the effectiveness of team error management, and earlier detection and communication of the errors does not necessarily mean a more efficient error management process. Future research is needed to better understand this process within HATs.
Mind the Gap! Advancing Immersion in Virtual Reality—Factors, Measurement, and Research Opportunities
Authors: McGowin Gregory , Fiore Stephen M.
Published: August 2024

This paper explores the concept of “immersion” in virtual reality (VR) systems, emphasizing the technological aspects that contribute to a comprehensive and multisensory user experience. Immersion refers to a system’s technological capabilities to provide extensive, multisensory displays surrounding the user. While factors like display resolution, spatial audio, and cross-modal consistency characterize immersion, no singular element independently achieves complete immersion, and, as such, systems require a combination of factors. However, quantifying immersion is challenging due to the lack of standardized and systematic measures of VR system’s technical capabilities. Opportunities exist to establish operational frameworks and standards that objectively quantify immersive contributions. This paper reviews immersion concepts, measures, and technological factors. From this, we outline a series of recommendations aimed at advancing the study of immersion in VR.
Joining thin copper wire and copper busbar by remote laser welding for electric motor assembly: Impact of welding parameters and pre-welding surface treatment
Authors: Sun Tianzhu , Ademi Sul , Mishra Shivam , Varsani Dipesh , McMahon Richard , Ceglarek Darek , Franciosa Pasquale
Published: August 2024

This article explores the application of remote laser welding for joining thin copper wire and copper sheet in a T-joint configuration for rapid assembly of busbar and winding wire of electric motors. The method utilises wire itself as filler material, ensuring effective gap filling between the wire and busbar, and achieving a robust electrical and mechanical connection throughout the entire busbar thickness. Notably, the approach exhibits a remarkable mechanical load capacity of 221 N, equivalent to 92.5% of the strength of enamelled wire. Furthermore, results indicate comparable mechanical, electrical, and thermal performance despite varied pre-welding surface treatments on the copper busbar, demonstrating the high tolerance of the proposed welding approach against pre-welding surface conditions and hence the high practical applicability.
Examining stated improvement research methods
Authors: Garver Michael S.
Published: August 2024

This article puts forth stated improvement scales, improvement rankings, maximum difference scaling, and Q-sort as stated improvement research methods identified in the literature. For each method, an overview is provided along with their advantages and disadvantages. Future research needs to examine stated improvement research methods in more detail, to identify best practices for each approach, and to determine which method is the most valid and accurate. Stated improvement methods are proposed as a complimentary analysis to more traditional inferred improvement methods.
Framing the 2013 Westgate Mall attack: A comparative study of Kenyan and US media perspectives
Authors: Osman Osman
Published: August 2024

This article explores the diverse media framing of the 2013 Westgate Mall attack presented by Kenyan and US newspapers. The author reveals how national contexts and cultural values shape news narratives by analyzing 242 articles from Kenya’s Daily Nation and Standard and the US’s New York Times and Washington Post. The findings show that Kenyan and US newspapers predominantly employed episodic frames, with Kenyan newspapers utilizing them in 69.7 percent of articles compared to US newspapers in 64 percent of articles. This episodic focus highlights individual experiences and immediate events consistent with broader media trends. However, the study uncovers significant differences in micro-level framing: Kenyan media emphasized human-interest narratives (69.1%), focusing on personal stories and emotional impact, while US media prioritized the conflict frame (49%), framing the attack within broader geopolitical conflicts. This contrast illustrates how Kenyan media fostered national unity and empathy, albeit at the expense of critically examining systemic issues. In contrast, US media reinforced conflict-driven geopolitical narratives and potentially oversimplified the complexities of the attack and its context. The study underscores how media narratives shape public perception and policy discourse, reflecting broader national interests and cultural contexts. The analysis highlights the importance of understanding diverse media frames to grasp the full implications of global events. It suggests further research incorporating various media formats and broader sample sizes to deepen insights into media framing effects.
Heartware ventricular assist device versus HeartMate II versus HeartMate III in advanced heart failure patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hanafy Dudy Arman , Husen Theresia Feline , Angelica Ruth , Nathania Ilona , Trianita Suwatri Widya , Lintangella Pasati , Erdianto Wahyu Prima , Prasetyo Prisillia
Published: August 2024

Objective:

Ventricular assist device is one of the treatment options for heart failure patients. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to aid in clinical decision-making of exchanging previous older ventricular assist device models to the newest one, HM3.

Methods:

The search was conducted across several databases until February 25, 2023, and was registered with the ID of CRD42023405367. Risk of bias was performed using Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 and the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. In order to rank and evaluate the pooled odds ratios and mean differences with 95% confidence intervals, we employed conventional and Bayesian network meta-analysis converted to surface under the cumulative ranking.

Results:

A total of 49 studies with 31,105 patients were included in this review. HM3 is the best device exchange choice that causes the lowest risk of mortality (HM3 (99.98) > HM2 (32.43) > HVAD (17.58)), cerebrovascular accidents (HM3 (99.99) > HM2 (42.41) > HVAD (7.60)), other neurologic events beside cerebrovascular accident (HM3 (91.45) > HM2 (54.16) > HVAD (4.39)), pump thrombosis (HM3 (100.00) > HM2 (39.20) > HVAD (10.80)), and bleeding (HM3 (97.12) > HM2 (47.60) > HVAD (5.28)). HM3 is also better than HM2 in hospital admissions (OR: 1.90 (95% CI: 1.15–3.12)). When complications were present, HM2 or Heartware ventricular assist devices exchange to HM3 lowered the mortality rate compared to exchanging it to the same device type.

Conclusion:

HM3 is the best device for all six outcomes. Exchange from Heartware ventricular assist devices or HM2 to HM3 rather than the same ventricular assist device type is recommended only if a complication is present.