bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Significado de las medidas de tendencia central en textos de matemática para secundaria
Authors: Vargas-Delgado Leonardo , Yepes Orozco Dayana Milena , Ávila-Toscano Jose Hernando
Published: March 2023

Las medidas de tendencia central son conceptos esenciales en la educación estadística aplicables a muchos análisis de información. El objetivo de este estudio se enfocó en evaluar el significado de este conjunto de medidas en libros de texto dirigidos a estudiantes de educación básica secundaria. Mediante un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, de tipo documental, empleando el método de análisis didáctico, se evaluaron cuatro textos de educación matemática considerando componentes relacionados con la dimensión cognitiva (de aprendizaje) e instructiva (de enseñanza), a partir de elementos como demandas cognitivas, situaciones problema, algoritmos y diseño de actividades, entre otros. Los resultados muestran el carácter multidimensional del significado de las medidas de tendencia central, sugieren los elementos de significado que son diferenciados para este nivel de enseñanza y proporcionan información detallada de los elementos señalando fortalezas y debilidades en la construcción didáctica del libro de texto.
IMMUNOMODULATOR SENSITIVITY OF INNATEIMMUNITY CELLS IN HEALTHY HUMAN SUBJECTS DURING 21-DAY DRY IMMERSION
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Gornostaeva A.N. , Buravkova L.B. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: March 2023

Sensitivity of natural killers (NK) to the immunosuppressive effect of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) was investigated in vitroa 21-d dry immersion (DI) study with participation of normal human subjects. DI affected the NK sensitivity to IL-2 and IL-15 stimulation, expression of activating markers HLA-DR, CD314 and CD226, total paracrine activity and production of key anti-inflammatory mediators such as MIP-1b, MIP-1a, RANTES, IL-1a, IL-1b, etc. Prior to DI, the MSCs action on NK showed itself as suppression of late activation. During DI, the MSCs effects grew weak; however, interaction with MSCs smoothed out DI influence on the paracrine activity by stimulation of cytokines secretion. Therefore, DI decreased the NK sensitivity both to the activating stimuli and MSCs.
ROLE OF FATIGUE OF CIVIL AVIATION AIRCREWS IN GENESIS OF AVIATION ACCIDENTS
Authors:   Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Medicine, Moscow, Zibarev E.V. , Bukhtiyarov I.V. ,   Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Medicine, Moscow, Kravchenko O.K. ,   Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Medicine, Moscow, Klimov А.А. ,   Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Medicine, Moscow, Ivashov S.N. ,   Interstate Aviation Committee, Moscow
Published: March 2023

Input of various risk factors into aviation accidents (AAs) was examined using the circumstance study reports of the Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC). In the period of 2010–2021, IAC investigated 89 AAs with heavy aircrafts (HA, maximum take-off mass exceeding 5 700 kg) including 65 vehicles manufactured in Russia and 18 vehicles manufactured by foreign companies, and also 6 AAs with aircrafts belonging to foreign air transport companies. The study reviewed the data on AA occurrence, number of the injured and causative factors. It was concluded that 49.7 % AAs were associated to a degree with the human factor. For instance, 8.4 % AAs were due to an error caused by fatigue because of circadian rhythm disruptions. The most important contributors to the risk are night flights, both high and low workload, work schedule, length of rest period and annual leave, and environmental factors (noise) that individually and in combination may increase the AA risk in 3 to 5 times.
Insulin Resistance Indices and Carotid Intima-media Thickness in Physically
Fit Adults: CHIEF Atherosclerosis Study
Authors: Lin Yen-Po , Hsu Yi-Chiung , Tsai Kun-Zhe , Kwon Younghoon , Lin Gen-Min
Published: March 2023

Aims:

This study aims to examine the associations between various non-insulin-based insulin
resistance (nIIR) indices and subclinical atherosclerosis assessed by carotid intima-media thickness
(cIMT) in young adults.

Background:

nIIR indices, e.g., serum triglycerides (TG) have been reported with an association with
cIMT in middle- and old-aged adults.

Objective:

We examined the associations of various well-known nIIR indices reported before with
cIMT in young adults.

Methods:

A total of 1,822 young adults free of diabetes in Taiwan were included in 2018-2020. nIIR
indices were assessed by TG concentrations, the TyG index, defined as Ln (TG *fasting glucose/2),
the TG/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, defined as TG divided by HDL-C, and
the metabolic score for IR (METS-IR), defined as Ln[(2*fasting glucose)+TG) * body mass index
(BMI)/(Ln(HDL-C))]. Multivariable linear regression analyses with adjustments for age, sex, anthropometrics,
smoking, alcohol consumption, blood pressure, and total cholesterol were used to determine
the associations. For TG only, HDL-C and fasting glucose were additionally adjusted.

Results:

In the overall participants, there was an association between cIMT and TG (β: 0.057, p =
0.04). In subgroup analyses, cIMT was associated with TG (β: 0.127, p = 0.004), the TyG index (β:
0.119, p = 0.01), and TG/HDL-C (β: 0.081, p = 0.03) in the overweight / obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m2),
while not in the normal weight individuals. However, cIMT was correlated with TG (β: 0.086, p =
0.01) and TG/HDL-C (β: 0.077, p = 0.01) in those without hyperuricemia, while not in those with
hyperuricemia. No association between the METS-IR and cIMT in any young adult subgroups was
observed.

Conclusion:

This study highlights that some nIIR indices could be used to assess cIMT in young
adults, particularly for those with obesity and those without hyperuricemia. The TG-based indices
instead of the novel marker, METS-IR, are suggestive as stronger predictors of greater cIMT in young
adults.
The Allocative Efficiency Analysis of Special Allocation Fund for Road Sector in 2015-2019
Authors:   Universitas Indonesia, Azaki Naufal , Lutfi Achmad
Published: March 2023

Indonesia, as an archipelago, requires connectivity infrastructures to ease mobility and equitable development. However, the current condition has not reflected a decent quality of road infrastructure. The road sector's special allocation funds are the main instrument for financing local road infrastructure development following national priorities. Departs from this, the study analyzes the extent to which the allocation for the Road Sector in 2015- 2019 complied with the Allocative Efficiency principles as part of the public expenditure management (PEM) framework. The research uses a postpositivism approach with primary data analysis (in-depth interviews) and secondary data in literature reviews, regulatory reviews, and descriptive statistics. The study concluded that the 2015-2019 allocation was not optimally in line with priority-based allocations, a weak medium-term budgeting perspective, poor consolidation within the local autonomy, and several contradictions among regulations. Even though there are several weaknesses in the practice of implementing allocative efficiency principles, the Government's strong commitment is reflected in the Cabinet Review annually and the planned issuance of the Presidential Instruction of Regional Roads. This study brought practical recommendations highlighting the need to sharpen priority targets and recipients, adopt the medium-term expenditure framework (MTEF), and regulatory harmonization. In addition, it is essential to revamp the structure of regional capital spending and the need to accommodate roads in the Minimum Standards Services.
The Islamic State of Indonesia (1949–1962) as a Parallel and Alternative Form of Indone-sian Statehood Development
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Maxim Valeryevich Kyrchanoff
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the article is to analyze the history of the Islamic State of Indonesia. It is as-sumed that ideological contradictions stimulated the proclamation of the Islamic State in 1949. The novelty of the study lies in the analysis of the attempts of radical political Islam to institutionalize the state alternative to the secular model of modernization. The author analises 1) the features and main directions of the political history of the Islamic State, 2) the features of its social structure and politics, 3) the historical significance and the role of the Islamic State in the context of the devel-opment of Indonesian society in the conditions of institutional instability of the late 1940s – early 1960s. The author presumes that historically the Islamic State project stems from the previous histo-ry of Indonesian nationalism and the Ummah. The results of the study suggest that radical Islam had a consolidating value for the Islamic State as an alternative to the growth of political authoritar-ianism. It is assumed that Islam, as the basis of the state model of the Islamic State, developed as a systemic and institutional alternative to the secular model, subjected to erosion and transformation in authoritarianism. The author analyzes the attempts of radicalized Muslims to synthesize the val-ues of the Ummah and actualize the democratic values of both Indonesian nationalism and Islam in the conditions of the crisis of the democratic model of development.
Interpretation of Islamic and Human Values in the Maqams by Imam al-Zamakhshari
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Rano Umarovna Khodjaeva
Published: March 2023

The cultural uplift in Central Asia in the 9th–12th centuries contributed to the flourishing of literary creativity in Arabic in such regions as Mavaraunnahr and Khorezm (the territories of pre-sent-day Uzbekistan). The article discusses the contribution of the great scientist, philologist and writer Makhmud al-Zamakhshari to the development of Arabic literature. Through the example of his work “Maqams by al-Zamakhshari” the author demonstrates what role this well-known monu-ment of Arabic literature played in the development of spiritual and social thought and aesthetic consciousness of the peoples of the Muslim East. Maqams of Imam al-Zamakhshari, conveying the ideological and aesthetic ideals of their time, contributed to the education of a true Muslim, his im-provement within the framework of Islamic values, which largely coincide with the moral and ethi-cal values developed on the basis of the life experience of mankind.
YENİLENEBİLİR ENERJİ OLARAK BİYOGAZ: AKSARAY İLİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ET YAPILCAN Hatice , BAKIRTAŞ Hülya
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Aksaray ilinde bulunan büyükbaş hayvan atıklarından elde edilebilecek biyogaz potansiyelini ortaya çıkarmak ve bu potansiyelin enerji eş değerini belirlemektir. İlgili literatür incelendiğinde Aksaray ilinin biyogaz potansiyelini inceleyen herhangi bir çalışmanın olmaması, nüfusun %70’inin tarım ve hayvancılıktan geçimini sağlaması ve yenilenebilir enerji konusunun giderek önem kazanması bu çalışmanın yapılmasındaki itici güç olmuştur. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu ve T.C. Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı’ndan Aksaray il merkezi ve ilçelerindeki hayvansal üretim miktarlarına ilişkin veriler elde edilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre; en fazla büyükbaş hayvan sayısı bulunan ve dolayısıyla en büyük biyogaz potansiyeline sahip olan ilçenin Merkez ilçe olduğu belirlenmiştir. İl bazında değerlendirildiğinde, yıllık toplam üretilebilecek biyogaz miktarı 62421983 m3/yıldır. Üretilecek biyogaz en fazla, elektrik enerjisi açısından ısıl değere sahipken, en az ısıl değer ise gazyağındadır. Elde edilen bulgular, hem literatüre hem de uygulamaya katkı sağlayacaktır. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın, araştırmacılar ve uygulamacıların farkındalığını arttırması, bu yolla yeni çalışmaların yapılmasına ışık tutacağı düşünülmektedir.
ARTAN YÜK ALTINDAKİ ELASTOPLASTİK TAŞIYICI ÇELİK ÇERÇEVELERDE ANKASTRELİK MOMENTLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: AÇIKSARI Harika Fatma , TOK Hatip
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmada elastoplastik malzemeli taşıyıcı sistemlerdeki ankastrelik momentlerinin değişimi, elastik ötesi davranış için incelenmiştir. Buna bağlı olarak bir elemanın mafsallaşma esnasındaki ankastrelik momentleri hesaplanmıştır. Yük artımı esnasında taşıyıcı sistemi oluşturan eleman kesitlerinde elastik ötesi davranışlar meydana gelmektedir. Bu durum sistem analizi esnasında dikkate alınmalıdır. Bu hali hesaplayan, doktora çalışması olan SOMEP ve SOEP analiz programı kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, kesitlerin elastik ötesi davranışlarını dikkate alan kesit plastikleşme oranı elde edilerek, ankastrelik momentlerini hesaplayan bir analiz yöntemi geliştirilmiştir. Bu yöntem SOMEP analiz programına eklenmiştir. Kesit plastikleşme oranı elastik ötesi davranış olan kesitin plastikleşme oranını veren bir kavramdır. Çubuk uçlarındaki kesit plastikleşme oranını hesaplayan bağıntılar ortaya konularak analizler geliştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar grafik ve tablolar halinde sunulmuştur. Kullanılan malzeme ideal elasto-plastik malzeme olarak kabul edilmiştir. Çalışmada düzlem çerçevelerin ikinci mertebe elasto-plastik hesabı ile doğrusal olmayan analizi yapılmıştır. Malzeme ve geometri bakımından doğrusal olmayan analizler incelenirken, çubuk uçlarında oluşan kesit plastikleşmesi plastik mafsal olarak kabul edilmiştir.
YER RADARI VERİLERİNDE YANAL YANSIMALARIN GÖÇ VE TERSİNE GÖÇ İŞLEMİ İLE ATILMASI
Authors: KAPLANVURAL İsmail
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmada yer radarı verilerinden yanal yansımaların arındırılması için yeni bir yöntem önerilmektedir. Uygulanan yöntem birkaç adımda gerçekleştirilmektedir. Bunlar göç, yanal yansıma genliklerin toplandığı yerlerin sıfırlanarak veriden atılması ve son olarak tersine göç işlemleridir. Bu çalışmada da önerilen işlem dizisi laboratuvarda bir kum havuzu içerisinde gömülü bir boru üzerinde toplanan yer radarı profilinde gösterilmiştir. Gömülü borunun oluşturduğu yansımanın haricinde kum havuzu ve kum havuzunun iki yan tarafındaki hava sınırının oluşturduğu yansımalar da gözlemlenmiştir. Yanal yansımalar, önce göç, işlemi ile gerçek yansıma yerlerine taşınmış, taşınan yerlerin genlikleri sıfırlanarak veriden atılmış ve en son tersine göç işlemi ile veri yanal yansımalardan arındırılmış haline dönüştürülmüştür. Bu sayede yanal yansımalar veriden arındırılarak gömülü borunun oluşturduğu yansıma daha iyi görüntülenmiştir. Ayrıca, yanal yansımalar içeren bir modelleme verisine de benzer adımlar uygulanmış ve yanal yansımalar veriden arındırılmıştır. Önerilen yöntemin muhtemel yanal yansımaların verilerden arındırılması adına duvarlara veya ağaçlara yakın olan yerlerdeki yer radarı profilleri ile bina içinde yapı unsurlarının tespit edilmesine yönelik yer radarı uygulamalarında kullanılması önerilmektedir.
3 BOYUTLU BASKIDA DOLGU BİÇİMİNİN ÇEKME DAYANIMINA ETKİSİ
Authors: ÖZMEN Özbil , SÜRMEN Hasan Kemal , SEZGİN Aziz
Published: March 2023

3B baskı teknolojilerinden biri olan ergiterek yığma ile modelleme (FDM) üretim teknolojisi ve polilaktik asit (PLA) malzemesi kullanarak farklı dolgu deseni ve yönüne sahip çekme testi numuneleri üretilmiş ve dolgu deseni ve yönünün çekme dayanımına olan etkileri incelenmiştir. Beş farklı dolgu deseni (eş merkezli, ızgara, üçgen, 3B altıgen, zik zak) ve üç farklı dolgu desen açısına (0°, 45°, 90°) sahip aynı ağırlıkta 10 adet numune ve bir adet de tam dolu numune FDM teknolojisi ile basılarak toplam 11 adet numune üretilmiştir. Tüm numunelere mekanik çekme testi uygulanmıştır. Mekanik çekme testi sonucunda; ikinci numunenin (90° dolgu desen açılı, eş merkezli), aynı ağırlıktaki diğer numunelere göre daha yüksek dayanıma sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Eş merkezli numunenin aynı ağırlıktaki diğer numunelere göre dayanımının yüksek olması, baskı desen yönünün çekme yönüyle bağlantılı olduğu ve dolayısıyla baskı sırasında baskı desen açılarının ve yönlerinin uygulanan kuvvetler doğrultusunda seçilmesinin büyük avantaj sağladığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca, %30 doluluk oranındaki ikinci numunenin %100 doluluk oranına sahip birinci numuneye göre özgül dayanımının yaklaşık %25 oranında daha yüksek olduğu çekme testi sonucunda gözlemlenmiştir. Bu nedenle parçaların çalışma şartlarında maruz kaldıkları yüklenme durumları dikkate alınarak tam dolulukla basılmış parçalarla aynı dayanıma sahip daha hafif ve daha az maliyetli tasarımların yapılabileceği sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır.
TIBBİ VERİ KÜMELERİNDE GENETİK ALGORİTMALARLA ÖZELLİK SEÇİMİ VE SINIFLANDIRMA BAŞARIMINA ETKİSİ
Authors: DEPERLİOĞLU Ömer
Published: March 2023

Günümüzde çok büyük boyuttaki tıbbi veri tabanlarından, klinik karar destek sistemlerinin faydalı bilgiler elde etmesi oldukça zorlaşmıştır. Genetik algoritmalar (GA) yaygın olarak kullanılan bir özellik seçme yöntemidir ve en iyi çözümleri verebilir. Bu çalışmada, çok sayıda karmaşık verilere sahip olan tıbbi verilerden özellik seçimi yapmak ve en uygun özellik alt kümesini oluşturarak sınıflandırma başarısını artırmak için GA içeren bir model önerilmiştir. Önerilen yöntemin performansını değerlendirmek için çalışmada en çok bilinen ve rahatlıkla ulaşılabilen 5 tıbbi veri kümesi ve 7 farklı denetimli sınıflandırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Her veri kümesi ile her sınıflandırıcı için ayrı ayrı özellik seçimi ve sınıflandırma uygulamaları yapılmıştır. Bu uygulamalarda elde edilen sonuçlar, önerilen yaklaşımla yapılan sınıflandırmalarda, veri kümesine bağlı olarak, Doğruluk oranında dolayısıyla makine öğrenmesi modeli performansında ortalama %2 ile %21 arasında artış sağlandığını ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca yapılan çalışmalarda denetimli sınıflandırma algoritmalarından Rastgele Ormanın bütün veri kümelerinde diğer algoritmalardan daha iyi sonuçlar verdiği görülmekte ve tıbbi veri kümelerindeki sınıflandırma başarısı ile öne çıktığı görülmüştür.
ÇOK FAZLI MİKRODENETLEYİCİ TABANLI SENKRON DÜŞÜRÜCÜ DÖNÜŞTÜRÜCÜDE ÇALIŞMA MODLARININ VERİME ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: YENER Barış , ALTINTAŞ Nihan
Published: March 2023

Son zamanlarda hızla artan enerji tüketimi ve enerji kaynaklarının azalması nedeniyle enerjiyi verimli kullanmak önemli hale gelmiştir. Günümüzde arabalar, cep telefonları, ısıtıcı üniteler, akü şarj cihazları, LED sürücüleri gibi elektronik cihazların çoğunun içinde güç dönüştürücüleri bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, çok fazlı senkron düşürücü dönüştürücü devresinin verimini artırmak için bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Devrede birbirine eş dört adet senkron düşürücü dönüştürücü kullanılmıştır. Devrenin kontrolü mikrodenetleyici yardımı ile yapılmıştır. Sabit ve değişken olmak üzere iki çalışma modu için verim değerleri incelenmiştir. Devrede aynı zamanda aktif faz sayısı, anahtarlama frekansı ve yük akımı parametrelerinin değişmesi durumunda verim değerleri tespit edilmiştir. Alınan ölçümlerin değerleri ve çalışma noktaları incelendikten ve her bir yük durumu için optimum çalışma koşulu belirlendikten sonra, kontrol algoritmasına eklenerek değişken yük durumda aktif faz sayısı ve çalışılacak anahtarlama frekansına karar verilmiştir. Böylece devrede ilave eleman kullanmadan ve devre maliyetini arttırmadan devrenin tüm yük koşulları altında maksimum verimde çalışması sağlanmıştır.
PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT IN A 1 MW GRID-CONNECTED PV POWER PLANT INSTALLED IN YATAĞAN-MUĞLA TURKEY VIA STATCOM ON MATLAB-Simulink PORTAL
Authors: KALAY Altan , AĞÇAL Ali , ULGEN Koray
Published: March 2023

A grid-connected power system's performance depends on the produced energy's power quality and power coefficient. The higher the power quality of the energy transferred to the grid, the more critical it is for power plants, energy distribution systems and end-users. This study investigated the optimisation possibilities obtained by applying STATCOM (Static VAR Compensation) for a 1 MW PV-based Solar Power Plant (PV-SPP) in the Muğla-Türkiye province. First, the data of components such as the inverter and PV panel that make up the plant were obtained, and the raw MATLAB-Simulink modelling of the plant was carried out. System performance outputs were obtained by adding STATCOM modelling to the obtained modelling. The scientific results of the optimisation would be obtained if this technique was applied to the existing power plant. Since STATCOM also performs the RPC (Reactive Power Compensation) process, it is an up-to-date and effective technique that improves system energy power quality. According to the simulation results, this system with STATCOM draws 24,043% and 11,671% less reactive power and current than the non-STATCOM system.
UŞAK İLİ ÇEVRESİ İÇİN HİDROLOJİK KURAKLIK ANALİZİ
Authors: TAYLAN Dilek , TOKER Fatih
Published: March 2023

İklim değişikliği sebebiyle oluşan kuraklık, zamanında incelenip gerekli önlemler alınmadığı takdirde büyük felaketlere yol açabilen doğal bir olaydır. Yağışların azlığı, meteorolojik kuraklığın oluşumunda rol almaktadır. Meteorolojik kuraklık zamanla yerini hidrolojik kuraklığa bırakabilir ve büyük sorunlar çıkarabilir. Hidrolojik kuraklığı incelemek için kullanılan indislerden biri Akım Kuraklık İndisi (AKİ) dir. Çalışmada Uşak İli çevresinde yedi farklı akım gözlem istasyonu kullanılarak bu bölgedeki hidrolojik kuraklık incelenmiştir. 1986-2015 yılları arasındaki ortalama aylık akım değerleri kullanılarak 3- aylık, 6- aylık ve 12- aylık periyotlarda kurak dönemler araştırılmıştır. Yedi farklı periyotta yapılan incelemeler sonucunda, beş periyotta nemli yıl sayısının daha fazla, iki tanesinde ise nemli yıl sayısı ile kurak yıl sayılarının birbirlerine eşit olduğu gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca, veri aralığı iki eşit parçaya bölünerek nemli ve kurak sınıflarda artış ve azalmalar incelenmiştir. Görülme yüzdelerine bakıldığı zaman en çok orta nemli ve orta kurak sınıflar görülmüştür. AKİ-3 Ocak değerlerine göre 1991-1992 yıllarında şiddetli kuraklık görülürken; AKİ-6 Nisan değerlerine göre ise 2006-2007 yıllarında şiddetli kuraklık gözlemlenmiştir.
Non Solved Contemporary Scientific Problems of Non-Conventional Bio-Surfaces Lubrication
Authors: Wierzcholski Krzysztof , Gospodarczyk Jacek
Published: March 2023

This paper presents new non solved, scientific research directions and their applications in contemporary non-conventional lubrication problems of the bio-surfaces domain. Here are described new research scientific trends and research problem solutions of hydrodynamic lubrication for living tissue, human skin and human cartilage joints surfaces. At first in introduction is described the state of the art, a new purpose of anticipate research and the bio-tribology connections with other scientific domains are documented. The bio-tribology is a new scientific domain where the bio-properties of living, mutually cooperating bio-materials have an important influence on joint human functioning and on the consequences of obtained bio-tribology effects. Using experimental and numerical methods, the main result is focused on the influence of the bio-sweat dynamic viscosity variations across the film thickness on the load carrying capacity of the lubricated human skin and limbs.
Data Provenance in Biomedical Research: Scoping Review
Authors: Johns Marco , Meurers Thierry , Wirth Felix N , Haber Anna C , Müller Armin , Halilovic Mehmed , Balzer Felix , Prasser Fabian
Published: March 2023

Background

Data provenance refers to the origin, processing, and movement of data. Reliable and precise knowledge about data provenance has great potential to improve reproducibility as well as quality in biomedical research and, therefore, to foster good scientific practice. However, despite the increasing interest on data provenance technologies in the literature and their implementation in other disciplines, these technologies have not yet been widely adopted in biomedical research.

Objective

The aim of this scoping review was to provide a structured overview of the body of knowledge on provenance methods in biomedical research by systematizing articles covering data provenance technologies developed for or used in this application area; describing and comparing the functionalities as well as the design of the provenance technologies used; and identifying gaps in the literature, which could provide opportunities for future research on technologies that could receive more widespread adoption.

Methods

Following a methodological framework for scoping studies and the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines, articles were identified by searching the PubMed, IEEE Xplore, and Web of Science databases and subsequently screened for eligibility. We included original articles covering software-based provenance management for scientific research published between 2010 and 2021. A set of data items was defined along the following five axes: publication metadata, application scope, provenance aspects covered, data representation, and functionalities. The data items were extracted from the articles, stored in a charting spreadsheet, and summarized in tables and figures.

Results

We identified 44 original articles published between 2010 and 2021. We found that the solutions described were heterogeneous along all axes. We also identified relationships among motivations for the use of provenance information, feature sets (capture, storage, retrieval, visualization, and analysis), and implementation details such as the data models and technologies used. The important gap that we identified is that only a few publications address the analysis of provenance data or use established provenance standards, such as PROV.

Conclusions

The heterogeneity of provenance methods, models, and implementations found in the literature points to the lack of a unified understanding of provenance concepts for biomedical data. Providing a common framework, a biomedical reference, and benchmarking data sets could foster the development of more comprehensive provenance solutions.
Using Health-Related Social Media to Understand the Experiences of Adults With Lung Cancer in the Era of Immuno-Oncology and Targeted Therapies: Observational Study
Authors: Booth Alison , Manson Stephanie , Halhol Sonia , Merinopoulou Evie , Raluy-Callado Mireia , Hareendran Asha , Knoll Stefanie
Published: March 2023

Background

The treatment of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has evolved dramatically with the approval of immuno-oncology (IO) and targeted therapies (TTs). Insights on the patient experience with these therapies and their impacts are lacking. Health-related social media has been increasingly used by patients to share their disease and treatment experiences, thus representing a valuable source of real-world data to understand the patient’s voice and uncover potential unmet needs.

Objective

This study aimed to describe the experiences of patients with NSCLC as reported in discussions posted on lung cancer–specific social media with respect to their disease symptoms and associated impacts.

Methods

Publicly available posts (2010-2019) were extracted from selected lung cancer– or NSCLC-specific websites. Social media users (patients and caregivers posting on these websites) were stratified by metastatic- and adjuvant-eligible subgroups and treatment received using natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning methods. Automated identification of symptoms was conducted using NLP. Qualitative data analysis (QDA) was conducted on random samples of posts mentioning pain-related, fatigue-related, respiratory-related, or infection-related symptoms to capture the patient experience with these and associated impacts.

Results

Overall, 1724 users (50,390 posts) and 574 users (4531 posts) were included in the metastatic group and adjuvant group, respectively. Among users in the metastatic group, pain, discomfort, and fatigue were the most commonly mentioned symptoms (49.7% and 39.6%, respectively), and in the QDA (258 posts from 134 users), the most frequent impacts related to physical impairments, sleep, and eating habits. Among users in the adjuvant group, pain, discomfort, and respiratory symptoms were the most commonly mentioned (44.8% and 23.9%, respectively), and impacts identified in the QDA (154 posts from 92 users) were mostly related to physical functioning.

Conclusions

Findings from this exploratory observational analysis of social media among patients and caregivers informed the lived experience of NSCLC in the era of novel therapies, shedding light on most reported symptoms and their impacts. These findings can be used to inform future research on NSCLC treatment development and patient management.
Where Are We With Teledermatology? Two Years in the Wake of COVID-19 (Preprint)
Authors: Sim Wilson , Choi Ellie , Chandran Nisha Suyien
Published: March 2023

UNSTRUCTURED
Investigating the Role of Nutrition in Enhancing Immunity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Twitter Text-Mining Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Shankar Kavitha , Chandrasekaran Ranganathan , Jeripity Venkata Pruthvinath , Miketinas Derek
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought to the spotlight the critical role played by a balanced and healthy diet in bolstering the human immune system. There is burgeoning interest in nutrition-related information on social media platforms like Twitter. There is a critical need to assess and understand public opinion, attitudes, and sentiments toward nutrition-related information shared on Twitter.

OBJECTIVE

This study uses text mining to analyze nutrition-related messages on Twitter to identify and analyze how the general public perceives various food groups and diets for improving immunity to the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

METHODS

We gathered 71,178 nutrition-related tweets that were posted between January 01, 2020, and September 30, 2020. The Correlated Explanation text mining algorithm was used to identify frequently discussed topics that users mentioned as contributing to immunity building against SARS-CoV-2. We assessed the relative importance of these topics and performed a sentiment analysis. We also qualitatively examined the tweets to gain a closer understanding of nutrition-related topics and food groups.

RESULTS

Text-mining yielded 10 topics that users discussed frequently on Twitter, viz proteins, whole grains, fruits, vegetables, dairy-related, spices and herbs, fluids, supplements, avoidable foods, and specialty diets. Supplements were the most frequently discussed topic (23,913/71,178, 33.6%) with a higher proportion (20,935/23,913, 87.75%) exhibiting a positive sentiment with a score of 0.41. Consuming fluids (17,685/71,178, 24.85%) and fruits (14,807/71,178, 20.80%) were the second and third most frequent topics with favorable, positive sentiments. Spices and herbs (8719/71,178, 12.25%) and avoidable foods (8619/71,178, 12.11%) were also frequently discussed. Negative sentiments were observed for a higher proportion of avoidable foods (7627/8619, 84.31%) with a sentiment score of –0.39.

CONCLUSIONS

This study identified 10 important food groups and associated sentiments that users discussed as a means to improve immunity. Our findings can help dieticians and nutritionists to frame appropriate interventions and diet programs.

CLINICALTRIAL
Parents’ Perceptions of the Factors Influencing the Uptake of Remote Pediatric Hearing Aid Support: Development of a Conceptual Framework (Preprint)
Authors: Kuschke Silva , Moodie Sheila , Kirubalingam Keshinisuthan , O'Hagan Robin , Glista Danielle
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

To achieve effective integration of virtual care into family-centered audiology practices, participatory research methods, including parents as vital participants in the delivery of pediatric audiology care, should be considered. A better understanding of the barriers and facilitators influencing the adoption of virtual care for families is warranted.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to develop a conceptual framework of the factors perceived to influence the adoption of remote pediatric hearing aid support among the parents of children with hearing loss.

METHODS

A total of 12 parents of children who wear hearing aids, between the ages of 0-17 years, were recruited to participate in group or individual interviews as part of the 6-step participatory-based concept mapping (CM) process. Data collection was specific to parents in a Canadian context. Analyses included multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis.

RESULTS

The CM process resulted in 6 main themes, displayed in a cluster map according to their order of importance. These themes include access to timely, consistent care; technology considerations; convenience; child engagement; cost; and partnership considerations. Key underlying statements and subthemes are highlighted per theme.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings from this study demonstrate the use of CM in participatory research with parents and as part of a family-centered care model. Future research should aim to investigate the factors that influence the uptake of remote hearing aid support in different contexts, for example, in low- to middle-income countries versus those in high-income countries.

CLINICALTRIAL
Is gender dysphoria associated with increased hospital charges in patients hospitalized for depression? Focus on the racial and regional variance in US hospitals (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Sun Jung , Medina Mar , Cho Na-Eun , Chang Jongwha
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Individuals with gender dysphoria do not identify with their sex assigned at birth and face societal and cultural challenges leading to increased risk for depression, anxiety, and suicide. Additionally, individuals with gender dysphoria or who identify as gender diverse/nonconforming may experience “minority stress” from increased discrimination, leading to a greater risk for mental health problems.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to identify possible health disparities in patients with gender dysphoria and hospitalized for depression across the United States. Various patient and hospital-related factors are explored for their association with changes in healthcare utilization for patients hospitalized with depression.

METHODS

The National Inpatient Sample was used to identify nationwide patients with depression (n= 378,552, weighted n= 1,892,760) from 2016 to 2019. We then examined the characteristics of the study sample and investigated how individuals' gender dysphoria was associated with healthcare utilization measured by hospital charges. Multivariate survey regression models were used to identify predictors.

RESULTS

Among the 1,892,760 total patient samples, 14,145 (0.7%) patients had gender dysphoria. Over the study periods, hospitalization rates for depression for patients with gender dysphoria continuously increased, but total depression inpatient rates remained stable. Survey regression results suggested that gender dysphoria, minority ethnicity or race, female sex assigned at birth, older ages, and specific hospital regions were associated with higher hospital charges than their reference groups. Sub-group analysis showed that the trend was similar in most racial and regional groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Differences in hospital charges for depression in patients with gender dysphoria exemplify how this community has been disproportionally affected by racial and regional biases, insurance denials, and economic disadvantages. Financial concerns can stop individuals from accessing gender-affirming care and risk more significant mental health problems. Increased complexity and comorbidity are associated with hospital charges and add to the cycle.
The void in finance
Authors: Samman Amin
Published: March 2023

There is no proper place within economic thought for the void. It appears nowhere in the canonical texts of political economy, let alone the discourse of conventional economics. Yet one cannot shake the sense that it is implied in most if not all financial commentary. At the very least, the void exerts a magnetic pull on a range of related terms in the lexicon. Could it be that through these it grounds the financial imagination in fundamental ways?
Approximating roots by quadratic iteration
Authors: Poirier Alfredo , Torres Jesús
Published: March 2023

We apply a coctel of elementary methods to the problem of finding the roots of an arbitrary polynomial. Specifically, we combine properties of the iteration z → z2 + c with rudimentary Galois theory in order to justify an algorithm to find the roots of a complex polynomial.
A Comprehensive Overview on Intelligent Spam Email Detection
Authors: Nallabariki Jayasree , Chandana T. Keerthi , Tejaswi D Sai , Babu Dr. M Y Yesu
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Spam, usually referred to as unsolicited commercial or bulk e-mail, has recently become a major issue on the internet. Time, storage, and transmission bandwidth are all wasted by spam. Spam email has been a growing issue for years. Nowadays, automatic email filtering appears to be the most successful strategy for preventing spam. Only several years ago most of the spam could be reliably dealt with by blocking e-mails coming from certain addresses or filtering out messages with certain subject lines. Spammers started employing a number of cunning strategies to get beyond filtering techniques, such as utilizing random sender addresses and/or adding random characters to the message subject line's beginning or conclusion. Machine learning techniques now a days are used to automatically filter the spam e-mail in a very successful rate. Machine learning field is a subfield from the broad field of artificial intelligence, this aims to make machines able to learn like human. Understanding, observing, and providing knowledge about a statistical occurrence are all terms used here. In the first place, data collection and representation are typically problem-specific (i.e., for email messages), and in the second place, e-mail feature selection and feature reduction aim to lower the dimensionality (i.e. the number of features).Finally, the e-mail classification phase of the process finds the actual mapping between training set and testing set. Machine Learning approach includes lots of algorithms that can be used in e-mail filtering like Naïve Bayes, K-nearest neighbour, Support VSector Machine, classifiers. In conclusion, we try to summarize the performance results of the few machine learning methods in terms of spam precision and accuracy.
THE PHENOMENON OF WILL AND EXPRESSION OF WILL IN AN INVALID TRANSACTION
Authors:   Bryansk State Academician I.G. Petrovski University, Rodina Tatiana , Kozin Dmitry ,   Bryansk State Academician I.G. Petrovski University
Published: March 2023

Bryansk State Academician I.G. Petrovski University Through the analysis of the essential features of a transaction as a special ideal phenomenon for establishing a legal connection, the phenomenon of will and expression of will in an invalid transaction is revealed. It is concluded that the basis of the transaction, unlike other legal actions, is the freedom of will of the persons committing it. In view of this, if the will is erroneous, the entire transaction is invalidated and turns into an even more unique phenomenon – an invalid transaction, the essence of which is to enable the parties to correct the error. In conclusion, specific changes to the norms of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation are proposed.
Adaptability of the tongue during orthodontic apparatus treatment
Authors: Vasilyeva Maria B. , Guseynov Nidjat A.
Published: March 2023

To date, most dentoalveolar deformities are associated with bad habits such as thumb sucking, tongue sticking out, and so on. According to the authors, protrusion of the tongue is normal in newborns, in which the tongue lies between the gingival pads, and the lower jaw is stabilized by the facial muscles during swallowing. With the eruption of temporary teeth, this physiological phenomenon disappears. The authors pointed out that there are such concepts as «simple tongue push» and «complex tongue push». The first relates to open bite push-outs. The second is observed in children with an open bite, as well as with respiratory complications and / or with a history of chronic diseases of the nasopharynx. The act of swallowing in the physiological sense is divided into 3 stages: oral, pharyngeal and esophageal. Each stage is characterized by different positions of the tongue in the oral cavity. Orthodontic hardware treatment of such patients is aimed at eliminating these habits, as well as correcting the bite. Although many studies have been conducted since 1965, to this day, aimed at studying the tongue protrusion in infantile swallowing, as well as in various malocclusion deformities, the authors found that these studies have shortcomings. For each patient, the shape, size, as well as the trajectory of movements may vary due to anatomical features (short frenulum of the tongue). In this review article, the authors consider such concepts as the adaptive ability of the tongue during infantile swallowing, as well as its trajectory of movements when using various methods of hardware treatment; various orthodontic devices for the treatment of tongue misalignments, their components and their purposes are described. The current classification, main characteristics of this pathological condition and its connection with the dentoalveolar system are considered. Based on the study, it can be concluded that there are several directions in the treatment of infantile swallowing. One of these areas is hardware treatment in the form of the use of plates with a flap for the tongue.
Uterine fibroids: modern methods of treatment, advantages and complications
Authors: Aleynikova Ekaterina Yu. , Solovyeva Alina V.
Published: March 2023

The state of the reproductive system by women with uterine fibroids is considered as a part of this literature review. The main clinical manifestations of myomatous nodes were identified by writing the review: abnormal uterine and heavy menstrual bleeding, infertility, miscarriage, chronic pelvic pain, dysfunction of adjacent organs, which are indications for surgical treatment. It is noted that approximately 30 % of women with uterine fibroids suffer from abnormal uterine bleeding, leading to anemia and reduced quality of life. Chronic pelvic pain significantly reduces the quality of life of patients, worsening their functional and mental state and disrupting sexual function. This review focuses on reproductive problems in women with leiomyoma. Taking into consideration the high prevalence of this nosology and the need to preserve the fertility of patients, the review describes modern methods of treating patients with uterine myoma, including drug therapy surgical treatment and alternative methods. Currently, in order to stop the symptoms of uterine fibroids, as well as for preoperative preparation, conservative therapy is used, which allows to reduce pain, restore hemoglobin levels, reduce intraoperative blood loss and reduce surgery time. Reproductive disorders associated with uterine fibroids, such as infertility, recurrent miscarriage, and adverse obstetric outcomes, are a significant reason to improve organ-preserving therapies or develop new ones. Although hysterectomy is a radical treatment for uterine fibroids, it is unacceptable for patients who have not realized their reproductive function. Therefore, the most justified intervention is myomectomy with various surgical approaches, and as an alternative treatment, uterine artery embolization, radiofrequency ablation or high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment of uterine fibroids. These data allow us to conclude that the high prevalence and versatility of symptoms of uterine fibroids among patients of reproductive age determine the relevance of searching for optimal methods of treatment.
Clinical features and risk factors of IgE-independent aтopic dermatitis in children
Authors: Nemer Alaa A.M. , Zhukova Olga V. , Tereshchenko Galina P.
Published: March 2023

Relevance. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory disease characterized by a chronic course with periods of remissions and exacerbations. IgE-independent atopic dermatitis is a medical and social problem of our time, since the disease manifests itself most often in childhood and is one of the most frequent forms of dermatoses among the pediatric population. The prevalence of atopic dermatitis among children is up to 20 %, among adults - 2-8 %. Recently, there has been a significant increase in atopic diseases worldwide. The aim: to study specific features of IgE-independent atopic dermatitis in children living in a metropolis. Materials and Methods. A prospective cohort study was conducted, which included 451 children aged 5 to 14 years with a diagnosis of AD who applied for outpatient care at the Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology for the period 2020-2021. All parents (guardians) have given voluntary informed consent to the participation of children in the study and the publication of personal data. Examination of patients included general clinical methods, assessment of the SCORAD index and laboratory allergological examination (total and 73 specific IgE in blood serum with the most common food and aeroallergens). In 103 (22.8 %) children (57 (55.3 %) boys and 46 (44.7 %) girls), the results of the allergological analysis did not confirm concomitant allergic sensitization. Atopic dermatitis in these children was defined as IgE-independent. Results and Discussion. Predictors of the development of IgE-independent AD were hereditary predisposition [odds ratio (OR) 2.42; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.12-5.25], artificial feeding [OR 4.04; 95 % CI 1.46-11.20], comorbidities [OR 1.42; 95 % CI 0.57-3.52], late onset [OR 1.67; 95 % CI 0.81-3.41]. According to the SCORAD index, the majority of patients (75.7 %) had a moderate degree of AD and no seasonality. Features of skin rashes corresponded to the age periods of the course of AD: erythematous-squamous forms with lichenification foci prevailed. For the first time, the features of IgE-independent atopic dermatitis in children were shown. The role of risk factors for the development of IgE-independent atopic dermatitis in children has been shown for the first time. Conclusion. IgE-independent type of AD can be diagnosed in every fifth child with AD. The study of risk factors will allow predicting the development of this type of disease.
SensorMov, biblioteca nativa para interacciones tangibles con dispositivos Android
Authors: Urdaneta Camilo , Rodríguez-Almanza Julián , Cortés-Rico Laura
Published: March 2023

El estudio presentado en este artículo tuvo como objetivo contribuir a la comunidad de desarrolladores móviles hispanohablantes con un conjunto de herramientas libres de programación, documentación y ejemplos en español para crear interfaces tangibles de usuario con dispositivos móviles inteligentes. Este tipo de interfaces permiten diversificar las interacciones con los celulares, priorizando usos alternativos de sus sensores. El desarrollo de este conjunto de herramientas ocurrió en el marco de un proyecto de investigación que buscó promover el diálogo de saberes entre la ingeniería y los saberes textiles tradicionales. En el proyecto se usó una metodología de diseño participativa que involucró actores diversos en las diferentes etapas: reconocimiento propio y mutuo, ideación, prototipado y experimentación. Como resultados se presentan una revisión de referentes sobre dispositivos móviles e interfaces tangibles, destacando aquellas interacciones móviles que usan objetos físicos y acciones gestuales; una descripción técnica de SensorMov: su arquitectura y diseño específico y, finalmente, su evaluación preliminar a través de un estudio de caso y de un proyecto académico. La biblioteca entiende lo tangible como el propio móvil u objetos físicos pasivos, que no requieran alimentación mediante energía eléctrica, como imanes. En este sentido, la versión de SensorMov documentada permitió trabajar con datos crudos de los sensores, identificar objetos y posiciones según el campo magnético estático de objetos físicos e identificar y posicionar objetos físicos sobre la pantalla del móvil. El principal reto a futuro es posibilitar espacios de apropiación que faciliten y extiendan su uso y funcionalidades, creando comunidad en torno a ella.