bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydration patterns and beverage consumption among a sample of institutionalized senior adults in Portugal
Authors: Clemente Damião , Sousa-Catita Diogo , Ferreira-Pêgo Cíntia
Published: January 2024

Water plays an important role in different body functions, being fundamental for cells, tissues, and organs. It is also directly related to various processes, from maintaining body temperature to eliminating compounds. With age the feeling of thirst decreases, which can lead to inadequate consumption of water causing dehydration in the senior population. This dehydration can have consequences on the clinical status of this population, enhancing its clinical decline. The primary objective of the present study was to evaluate the daily consumption of liquid from beverages in institutionalized individuals in a senior adult residence in the Lisbon area. A cross-sectional observational quantitative study views. An adapted version of a specific fluid-validated questionnaire was used to assess the consumption of different beverages and total daily fluid intake. It was observed that institutionalized individuals did not consume enough total fluid intake to meet the European recommendations appropriate for their sex and age group. Nevertheless, individuals receiving artificial nutrition achieve a daily consumption of 1.5 liters of water.
ESKİ TÜRKÇEDEN NİĞDE AĞZINA UZANAN BAZI KELİMELER
Authors: ÖZDEMİREL Seyfettin
Published: January 2024

Türkiye Türkçesi yazı dilinde Arapça, Farsça, İngilizce, Fransızca vb. yabancı kökenli kelimelerin varlığı bilinmektedir. Bu durum Türkiye Türkçesi ağızlarında da mevcuttur. Yani yabancı kökenli kelimelerin varlığı ağızlarda da kendini göstermektedir. Bunun yanı sıra günümüz yazı dilinde kullanılmayan pek çok Eski Türkçe kelime varlığını yazı dilinde değil ağızlarda devam ettirmektedir. Çalışmanın merkezi olan Niğde yöresi de pek çok Eski Türkçe kelimeyi bünyesinde barındırmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı Eski Türkçeden Niğde ağzına uzanan kelimeleri tespit etmektir. Türkçenin en eski belgelerinden olan Orhun Yazıtları başta olmak üzere takip eden yıllarda kaleme alınan Kutadgu Bilig ve Divânü Lügâti’t-Türk gibi önemli eserler Türk dili çalışmaları açısından son derece önemli kaynaklardır. Niğde ağzında konuşulan bazı kelimeler ile bu kaynaklarda yer alan kelimeler arasında benzerlikler bulunmaktadır. Yöre ağzında tespit edilen kelimelerin Eski Türkçedeki varlığı ve günümüze kadar gelişi Orhun Yazıtları, Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü, Kutadgu Bilig, Divânü Lügâti’t-Türk, Türkçe Sözlük ve Derleme Sözlüğü gibi eserlere bakılarak kanıtlanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Implementation of the Qiro'ati method to improve reciting abilities in students of the Al-Qur’an education center
Authors: Zulkarnaen  , Husna Baik Wardatul , Krismono Abdi , Putri Sofia Inov
Published: January 2024

[Bahasa]: Kualitas sumber daya manusia dapat dilihat dari kualitas iman dan taqwanya. Peningkatan kualitas ini harus dimulai sejak dini, berupa pembiasaan terhadap tindakan atau kegiatan yang positif. Pembiasaan tersebut dapat dimulai dalam keluarga dan masyarakat, seperti pembiasaan membaca Al-Qur'an dengan baik dan benar. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk sosialisasi dan implementasi metode qiro’ati untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca al-Qur’an di TPQ Miftahul Jannah. Solusi yang ditawarkan adalah pendampingan dalam pembelajaran membaca Al-Qur'an pada kelompok belajar di TPQ Dusun Miftahul Jannah Sawahan dengan menggunakan Metode Qiro'ati. Pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat ini menggunakan tahapan perencanaan dan persiapan, tindakan, observasi, evaluasi, dan refleksi, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pelaporan. Hasil sosialisasi dan implementasi metode Qiro’ati menunjukkan bahwa membaca Alquran dengan metode Qiro'ati dapat meningkatkan kualitas bacaan sesuai kaidah tajwid yang benar dan memudahkan dalam memahami bagaimana membaca Al-Qur’an dengan benar.
Kata Kunci: Al-Quran, pendidikan, pembelajaran, metode Qiro'ati
[English]: The quality of human resources can be seen from the quality of their faith and piety. The improvement of this quality should begin from an early age by cultivating positive actions or activities. Such cultivation can start within families and communities, such as the habit of reciting the Qur'an correctly. This community service aims to socialize and implement the Qiro’ati method to enhance the ability to recite the Qur'an at The Al-Qur’an Education Center Miftahul Jannah. The proposed solution is guidance in learning to read the Qur'an in study groups at The Al-Qur’an Education Center Miftahul Jannah Sawahan using the Qiro'ati Method. The implementation of this community service follows stages of planning and preparation, action, observation, evaluation, and reflection, followed by reporting. The results of the socialization and implementation of the Qiro’ati method show that reciting the Qur'an with the Qiro'ati method can improve the quality of recitation according to proper Tajweed rules and facilitate a correct understanding of how to read the Qur'an.
Keywords: Al-Qur’an, education, learning, Qiro'ati method
Science learning assistance through animated learning videos for supporting transformation in special schools
Authors: Ramadani Shefa Dwijayanti , Kusumaningrum Serafica Btari Christiyani , Rakhmawati Restu
Published: January 2024

[Bahasa]: Pendidikan untuk siswa berkebutuhan khusus perlu terus ditingkatkan agar mereka dapat menjawab kebutuhan dan tantangan global. Sayangnya, konsep sains menjadi topik yang sulit dipahami secara utuh di tengah keterbatasan daya tangkap informasi yang dipengaruhi oleh kondisi khusus siswa berkebutuhan khusus. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk membantu guru dalam mengoptimalkan pembelajaran sains di era digital melalui pengembangan video pembelajaran animasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah difusi IPTEKS dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran IPA berbasis digital. Kegiatan dibagi menjadi empat tahap, yaitu persiapan, pelaksanaan, evaluasi, dan tindak lanjut. Hasil dari program pengabdian masyarakat ini telah menghasilkan konten pembelajaran IPA berupa video pembelajaran berbasis animasi, serta peningkatan wawasan guru mengenai pentingnya mengintegrasikan teknologi pembelajaran digital yang menarik dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa. Tindak lanjut yang perlu dilakukan adalah melakukan pendampingan dan pelatihan agar inovasi pembelajaran berupa aplikasi pembelajaran terintegrasi yang berisi media pembelajaran IPA berbasis video animasi dapat digunakan oleh guru untuk meningkatkan kualitas layanan pembelajaran.
Kata kunci: media pembelajaran digital, pembelajaran sains, siswa berkebutuhan khusus
[English]: Education for special needs students requires continuous improvement to meet global needs and challenges. Unfortunately, science is difficult to understand due to limited information comprehension influenced by the special conditions of students with special needs. This community service aims to assist teachers in optimizing science learning in the digital era by developing animated learning videos. The method used was the diffusion of science and technology using digital-based science learning media. The service program was divided into four stages: preparation, implementation, evaluation, and follow-up. The results of the community service program have produced science learning content in the form of animation-based learning videos, as well as increased teacher insight regarding the importance of integrating digital learning technology that is interesting and appropriate to students' needs. The follow-up that needs to be taken is to carry out mentoring and training so that learning innovations in the form of integrated learning applications that contain animated video-based science learning media can be used by teachers to improve the quality of learning services.
Keywords: digital learning media, science learning, students with special needs
Development of mathematics learning based on computational thinking for primary school teachers
Authors: Putra Zetra Hainul , Hermita Neni , Alim Jesi Alexander , Fendrik Muhammad , Hidayat Riyan , Harfal Zaldi , Oktarisa Lara , Nasri  , Sahlan  , Nursyam Ucy Rahmayani , Fatmawilda
Published: January 2024

[Bahasa]: Keterampilan Computational Thinking (Berpikir Komputasi) merupakan salah satu keterampilan abad 21 yang perlu dimiliki oleh siswa sekolah dasar. Mengingat pentingnya CT dan masih banyak guru-guru yang belum mengetahui dan menguasai keterampilan ini, maka diperlukan kegiatan workshop yang dapat mendukung keterampilan CT guru dan juga mampu merancang pembelajaran matematika berbasis CT. Oleh karena itu, tim PkM FKIP UNRI berkolaborasi dengan UPM Malaysia melaksanakan workshop pengembangan pembelajaran matematika berbasis CT bagi guru-guru sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Tambang, Kabupaten Kampar, Provinsi Riau. Metode pelaksanaan PkM menggunakan Participatory Action Research (PAR) dengan pendekatan blended learning. Kegiatan workshop diikuti oleh 33 orang guru dari 3 sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Tambang. Kegiatan workshop ini mampu meningkatkan keterampilan CT guru-guru, namun perlu tindak lanjut kegiatan sehingga keterampilan CT guru bisa lebih optimal dan mampu menerapkannya dalam pembelajaran matematika di kelas masing-masing. 
Kata Kunci: keterampilan computational thinking, pembelajaran matematika, workshop
[English]: Computational Thinking (CT) skills are crucial for elementary school students in the 21st century. Recognizing the significance of CT and the prevalent lack of knowledge and mastery among teachers, there is a need for workshop activities that can support teachers in developing CT skills and enable them to design CT-based mathematics learning. To address this gap, the FKIP UNRI community service team collaborated with UPM Malaysia to conduct a workshop on CT-based mathematics learning development for elementary school teachers in the Tambang Sub-district, Kampar Regency, Riau Province. The implementation method of this community service utilized Participatory Action Research (PAR) with a blended learning approach. Thirty-three teachers from three elementary schools in the district participated in the workshop. While the workshop successfully enhanced teachers' CT skills, subsequent activities are essential to optimize these skills further and facilitate their application in mathematics learning within their respective classrooms.
Keywords: computational thinking skills, mathematics learning, workshops
Enhancing disaster communication literacy based on traditional games among West Aceh students
Authors: Triantoro Dony Arung , Nafisah Raudhatun , Husna Fathayatul , Syam Futri , Syahrani Rizky Amalia , Fitri Ainal , Asgha Ashabul Yamin , Nova Mirza Adia , Ridha Ismu
Published: January 2024

[Bahasa]: Aceh Barat sebagai salah satu daerah rawan bencana alam di Indonesia memerlukan langkah-langkah konkrit sebagai upaya mitigasi bencana. Salah satu langkah penting yang harus dilakukan adalah memberikan pengetahuan tentang literasi komunikasi bencana di kalangan siswa. Studi-studi sebelumnya telah  mengkaji tentang model komunikasi bencana berdasarkan beberapa pengalaman daerah-daerah yang mengalami bencana alam dan non-alam. Namun, belum banyak studi yang mengkaji literasi komunikasi bencana melalui permainan tradisional seperti teka-teki silang (TTS). Oleh karena itu, artikel ini berupaya mengisi kekosongan studi tersebut dengan mengambil studi kasus pada Madrasah Tsnawiyah Negeri (MTsN) 3 Aceh Barat. Data-data artikel ini diperoleh melalui aktivitas penyuluhan dan pendampingan dalam bentuk pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang bersifat insidentil. Hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menunjukkan bahwa literasi komunikasi bencana perlu didiseminasikan dalam bentuk permainan teka-teki silang. Para siswa yang mengikuti penyuluhan ini lebih aktif menggunakan kemampuan berpikir mereka untuk memahami istilah-istilah dalam kebencanaan. Di samping keaktifan mereka dalam mengisi permainan teka-teki silang tersebut, pada saat yang sama mereka berlatih untuk bekerjasama menyelesaikan permainan tersebut bersama teman-teman mereka. Hal ini merepresentasikan bahwa resiko bencana dapat diminimalisir melalui kerjasama aktif di kalangan masyarakat.
Kata Kunci: literasi, komunikasi bencana, permainan tradisional
[English]: West Aceh as one of the natural disaster-prone areas in Indonesia requires concrete steps for disaster mitigation. One important step that must be taken is to provide knowledge about disaster communication literacy among students. Previous studies have examined disaster communication models based on some experiences of areas that experienced natural and non-natural disasters. However, few studies have examined disaster communication literacy through traditional games such as crossword puzzles (TTS). Therefore, this article attempts to fill this gap by taking a case study of Madrasah Tsnawiyah Negeri (MTsN) 3 Aceh Barat. The data for this article were obtained through counseling and mentoring activities in the form of incidental community service. The results of this community service show that disaster communication literacy needs to be disseminated in the form of a crossword puzzle game. The students who participated in this counseling were more active in using their thinking skills to understand the terms of disaster. In addition to their activeness in filling out the crossword puzzle game, they practiced working together with their friends to complete the game. This represents that disaster risk can be minimized through active cooperation among the community.
Keywords: literacy, disaster communication, traditional games
Nagari Madani: Islamic Favoritism and Religious Freedom in Regional Development in West Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Taufik Zulfan , Taufik Muhammad
Published: January 2024

The dominance of Islamism in West Sumatra has increasingly strengthened in the post-decentralization period, primarily through the implementation of regional government regulations with Sharia nuances. In contrast to previous studies about the relationship between adat (custom) and Sharia as Minangkabau identity, this study critically examines 1) the way Sharia-based custom is implemented by the Nagari government, which is the smallest unit of local government in West Sumatra; 2) its socio-political implications for religious freedom in the Nagari. This study takes the case of Agam Regency, which has explicitly issued Regent Regulation No. 74 of 2016 concerning the implementation of Nagari Madani. The regulation is a concrete step to realizing religious and traditional life in 82 Nagari, one of 16 sub-districts in the Religious District of West Sumatra. By applying the analytical framework of Grim and Finke on religious favoritism, this study shows that the Nagari Madani policy implemented in Agam Regency is a form of Islamic favoritism. This policy departs from the customary philosophy of adat basandi syara’, syara’ basandi Kitabullah (ABS-SBK), which presupposes that Islam is the primary and principal value for the life of all people in the West Sumatra region. Through the implementation of ABS-SBK, the spirit of Islamization of Minangkabau nature in the development of Nagari provides many conveniences for the majority of Muslims in developing Islamic teachings and accessing funding sources. However, this policy may exclude as fellow citizens who should have the same rights to practice their religion and access development facilities in the Nagari.
Pola Komunikasi Verbal Orang Tua Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (Disabilitas Slow Learner)
Authors: Rubiani Yen Yuan , Ahmad Silmi Halimatusay'diah , Rizqillah Muhamad , Nurhadi Zikri Fachrul
Published: January 2024

Communication with children with special needs has different communication patterns; it is the basis that must be owned by parents who have children with special needs. The purpose of this study is to explain how parents with children with special needs often use verbal communication patterns as slow learners. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a symbolic interaction theory approach through observation, interview, and literature data collection techniques. The results of this study indicate that parents of children with special needs (slow learners) have a structured verbal communication pattern and are the same as the communication patterns of parents of ordinary children. They use communication strategies tailored to the child's needs, repetition, understanding, and simplicity. This can be the basis for a support program for parents when communicating with slow learners.
Persepsi Mahasiswa Batak ISI Yogyakarta terhadap Komunikasi Budaya dan Simbol Lapo pada Film “Ngeri-Ngeri Sedap”
Authors: Afisyah Chasilda , Sukmawati Ade Irma
Published: January 2024

This research discusses the perceptions of Batak students at ISI Yogyakarta regarding the Lapo culture in the film "Ngeri-Ngeri Sedap". The purpose of this study was to determine the respondents' perceptions of the topics raised. The method used in this research is corelations quantitative , with a positivistic paradigm approach. The theory used in this research is percepions theory, using the data collection technique used is purposive sampling, with data collection through online surveys using Google Form. Consists of 300 Batak student respondents at ISI Yogyakarta. The results of this study show that the average perception rate is above 3 which means true and agree, while the correlation results from this study are strong but do not influence each other, with a number of 0.400, the validity in this study is with a result of 0.569, so this research can be said to be significant.
Representasi Kepercayaan Diri Wanita Muslimah pada Iklan Sampo Wardah “The Real Hijab Expert”
Authors: Pitaloka Desta Arum , Pudrianisa Sheila Lestari Giza
Published: January 2024

This research examines the representation of Muslim women's self-confidence in Wardah shampoo advertisements in The Real Hijab Expert edition. The research uses a constructivist paradigm with the semiotic method of Charles Sanders Peirce, known for his triangle theory of meaning consisting of sign, object and interpretant. The results of this research show that the representation of Muslim women's self-confidence is shown dominantly in the Wardah advertisement for The Real Hijab Expert edition through signs in the form of movements, facial expressions, voice over, and typography which are included as indications of self-confidence. There are four indications of self-confidence according to Lauster, all of which are found in advertisements, namely believing in one's own abilities, acting independently in making decisions, having a positive self-concept, and daring to express opinions. By showing confident Muslim women, through the Wardah shampoo advertisement in The Real Hijab Expert edition, Wardah wants to convince Muslim women consumers that self-confidence can be formed through the use of Wardah shampoo.
Peran Organisasi Mahasiswa dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Komunikasi Interpersonal yang Efektif
Authors: Aulia Fadila , Dwianggraeni Putri Rahma , Ishak Ahmad Raihan
Published: January 2024

Student organizations on campus have an important role in improving students' soft skills and hard skills. One of the abilities that can be improved through organizations is interpersonal communication skills. This research examines the role of student organizations in improving effective interpersonal communication skills among students who are active in organizations. The research uses a qualitative approach with a phenomenological strategy. The research subjects were students who were active in organizations at the Universitas Islam Indonesia. The research results show that organizations have a big influence in improving students' communication skills. The informants interviewed in this research stated that organizational experience increased not only self-confidence, but also communication skills. The informants also stated that they had become more open to other parties in communicating. Organizational communication experience, especially small group communication, seems to make a significant contribution in improving their interpersonal communication.
Ketika Krisis Siapa Bertanggung Jawab? Analisis framing Pertanggungjawaban Pertamina Terhadap Korban Kebakaran Depo Plumpang
Authors: Maharani Indah , Ainul Jannah Adillah , Sukmawati Ade Irma
Published: January 2024

In every crisis, questions almost always arise regarding the company's responsibility for victims resulting from the crisis. It also depends on how the media frames it. This research was conducted to determine the form of framing of news articles regarding Pertamina's responsibility for the victims of the Plumpang Depot fire. Analysis was carried out for news broadcasts by CNN Indonesia and Kompas.com. The framing analysis model used is Robert Entman. The news analyzed consisted of nine news stories from CNN Indonesia and ten news stories from Kompas.com. The research results found that these two media tend to present news from a point of view that is in line with the government, an aspect that is manifested through the prevalence of reporting that emphasizes clarification from accurate and trustworthy parties, especially from Pertamina's internal sources. The difference in reporting on CNN and Kompas lies in the focus of the reporting delivered. CNN focuses on Pertamina's accountability, while Kompas focuses on Pertamina's handling of victims affected by the Plumpang Depot fire.
Metabolism of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Different Tissue Parts of Post-harvest Chive (Allium schoenoprasum L.)
Authors: Dai Xiaomei , Jia Chonglei , Lu Jiaqi , Yu Zhifang
Published: January 2024

Chive (Allium schoenoprasum L.) has a strong antioxidant property as it contains abundant phenolic compounds and ascorbic acid (AsA). In the present study, we investigated the metabolism of phenolic compounds and the change in antioxidant activity in different tissue parts of post-harvest chive. The results showed that compared with the bottom white part (BW), the round green part (RG) exhibited significantly higher content of phenolic compounds, increased enzyme activities and antioxidant activities, indicating that phenolic compounds were mainly synthesized in RG. The expression levels of genes (phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H) and 4-coumaroyl-CoA ligase (4CL)) and their corresponding enzymes activities rapidly decreased in RG, whereas they were maintained in BW, suggesting that senescence occurred more rapidly in RG compared with that in BW. Our study provides a theoretical foundation for further research and development of different parts of Allium plants and offers a basis for consumers' nutritional considerations.
Noninvasive respiratory support during interhospital transfer of newborns: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Mukhametshin Rustam F. , Kovtun O. P. , Davydova N. S. , Stupin M. A.
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Noninvasive respiratory support is a crucial component of neonatal respiratory disorders therapy. The nCPAP (nasal continuous positive airway pressure) is recommended for respiratory support of a premature. There is no consensus on criteria for non-invasive respiratory support for newborns during transfer, the recommendations are empirical. OBJECTIVE: To study the possibility of using nCPAP during pre-transport preparation and transfer of newborns. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cohort, retrospective study included data on 70 cases of newborns evacuation performed by the transport team (July 1, 2014 — December 31, 2018) to patients who were on nCPAP at the time of the transport team examination in the initial institution. The initial sample was divided into a group of patients transported on ventilation (n = 22) and a group of patients transported on nCPAP (n = 47), respiratory support was discontinued in one case. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were observed between the FiO2 (34 [30–45] % and 30 [21–30] %, the first and second groups, respectively, p = 0.002) and the saturation index of oxygenation (2.1 [1.6–2.6] and 1.53 [1.3–1.8]) the first and second groups, respectively, p = 0.001). The saturation index of oxygenation has an acceptable predictive value for tracheal intubation during pre-transport preparation (AUC 0.799 [0.682–0.917]). During transfer, one patient of the second group required tracheal intubation (2.1 [0.1–11.3] %). Upon admission, one patient of the second was intubated (2.2 [0.1–11.5] %), no other correction of the parameters of noninvasive support was required for patients of the second group. CONCLUSIONS: The main criterion for intubation at the stage of pre-transport preparation is oxygen requirement during the nCPAP. The saturation oxygenation index (AUC 0.799 [0.682–0.917]) and the SpO2/FiO2 ratio (AUC 0.803 [0.687–0.919]) have an acceptable predictive value for tracheal intubation. The probability of intubation during transportation is 2.1 (0.1–11.3) %.
Catheterization of the internal jugular vein and subclavian/axillary vein under ultrasound control in the wounded with hemorrhagic shock due to combat trauma: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lakhin Roman E. , Kusai A. S. , Usoltsev E. A. , Tsygankov K. A. , Shustrov V. V.
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Catheterization of central veins using ultrasound navigation increases the rate of successful catheterizations and reduces the number of complications. The use of ultrasound navigation can improve the efficiency and safety of catheterization in conditions where central vein puncture is difficult. OBJECTIVE: Comparison of the readiness of the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein/axillary vein for puncture, the effectiveness and safety of their catheterization using ultrasound navigation in patients with hemorrhagic shock. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of the medical data of 146 victims who required puncture and catheterization of vessels under the control of ultrasound navigation was performed. In all victims, using ultrasound, the readiness of the vessels for puncture was visually assessed by the compression and collapse of the vein at the moment of slight superficial pressure with the sensor. RESULTS: Assessment of the vessel's readiness for catheterization showed that, at all degrees of shock, the readiness of the subclavian vein/axillary vein for catheterization was higher than that of the internal jugular vein. Analysis of all central venous catheterizations performed showed that they were completed on the first attempt, but during the attempt it was necessary to redirect, sometimes tighten and advance the needle again. The data obtained showed statistical differences in patients with II and III degrees of shock (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Against the background of infusion therapy through a peripheral venous catheter for all degrees of shock, readiness for puncture and catheterization of the subclavian vein/axillary vein was higher compared to the internal jugular vein. Such tactics for shocks of degree II and III result in fewer needle passes.
New directions of scientific research and clinical practice in the field of extracorporeal hemocorrection in patients with multiple organ dysfunction: a review
Authors: Babaev Mаxim A. , Tukhtamanova A. S. , Masneva A. I.
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Due to the COVID-19 (infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus) pandemic, we had to take a completely different approach to the nature of critical conditions. The pandemic also made us reconsider many views about it. Moreover, that contributed to the development of new practical approaches for treatment and prevention, including the ones in the field of extracorporeal hemocorrection. OBJECTIVE: Methods for purification of blood and plasma began to be considered as an independent link for the treatment of organ disorders or as a part of extracorporeal support for the life support of the body. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The article consists of three sections: a description of the role of extracorporeal hemocorrection methods in intensive care, their classification and main characteristics; the concept of sequential targeted extracorporeal therapy for a treatable symptom in sepsis; extracorporeal hemocorrection as part of the concept of extracorporeal life support. This article uses literary sources published from January 1, 2022 to July 1, 2023. Materials related to COVID-19 and other specific pathologies (poisoning, acute liver failure, itching, systemic diseases, etc.), requiring separate discussion, are intentionally excluded. RESULTS: Technologies in extracorporeal hemocorrection provide support and/or replacement of organ functions; restoration of body resistance and balance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory response; restoration of body tolerance (metabolism and regeneration). Nevertheless, despite the convincing pathophysiological rationale for the use of these methods in critical conditions, evidence of its effectiveness is limited. Current trends indicate that future research should be primarily aimed at finding biomarkers that can simultaneously designate specific biological processes; characterize different subgroups of patients; allow targeted choice for the method of therapy. The modulation of biomarkers under the influence of this therapy can show its effectiveness for this particular subgroup of patients at this stage of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: Methods of extracorporeal blood purification should be aimed at prevailing biological processes, at this stage of pathogenesis, and, accordingly, evaluated by the effectiveness of the impact on these processes.
Personalized corticosteroid treatment of patients with severe new coronavirus infection complicated by pneumonia: a prospective comparative study
Authors: Soloveitchik E. Yu. , Lutfarakhmanov Ildar I. , Shakirov A. R. , Mironov P. I. , Valishin D. A.
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: A new coronavirus infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus and the associated disease COVID-19 is accompanied by a high incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and pneumonia with respiratory failure. Corticosteroids are a therapeutic treatment option. OBJECTIVE: To determine the advantage of personalized corticosteroid dosing to reduce inflammation in pneumonia in patients with comorbid diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective comparative study was conducted among adult patients in the Republican Clinical Infectious Hospital and the Clinical Emergency Hospital (Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan) from May 2020 to May 2021. Patients were divided into two groups: personalized corticosteroid administration in accordance with the level of the inflammation biomarker C-reactive protein (CRP) (n = 30) compared with conventional therapy (n = 28). Measurements of CRP levels in blood samples were carried out at the time of hospitalization and then daily during the first 5 days of treatment. RESULTS: The intervention group had fewer days of respiratory support (9.4 [6.2–15.6] vs. 14.3 [7.1–21.4]; p = 0.003) and no differences in cumulative outcome (persistent dependence of respiratory support or death) and the incidence of nosocomial infection compared with the control group. Daily distribution of the biomarker CRP showed significantly lower levels on 2–4 days of treatment in the intervention group compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS: In critically ill patients with pneumonia caused by COVID-19, and comorbid diseases, a personalized approach to the corticosteroids prescribing slightly reduced the frequency of treatment ineffectiveness and statistically significantly reduced the duration of respiratory support.
Russian registry of Surgical OutcomeS — RuSOS: study protocol
Authors: Zabolotskikh Igor B. , Belkin A. A. , Grigoryev E. V. , Grigoryev S. V. , Gritsan A. I. , Dunts P. V. , Ershov V. I. , Kirov M. Yu. , Kuzovlev A. N. , Kulikov A. V. , Musaeva T. S. , Ovezov A. M. , Protsenko D. N. , Subbotin V. V. , Trembach N. V. , Khoronenko V. E. , Shifman E. M. , Shchegolev A. V. , Lebedinskii K. M.
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Identification of risk factors that cause a high probability of an unfavorable outcome in the postoperative period is an urgent problem. The creation of national databases (registries) makes it possible to cover a certain patient population by identifying its risk predictors. Existing registries differ in the criteria for inclusion in the study, in the characteristics of the populations studied, and there is often no common view on the classification of postoperative outcomes. OBJECTIVE: Creation of a Russian national calculator for the risk of postoperative complications and mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two-level observational retrospective-prospective study. Setting: National multicenter study of surgical inpatients. Patients: Adult patients undergoing elective and emergency surgery. Types of interventions: obstetrics, gynecology, mammary gland, urology, endocrine surgery, maxillofacial surgery, orthopedics, traumatology, abdominal surgery, liver and biliary tract, thoracic surgery, vascular surgery, neurosurgery, cardiac surgery, other areas. RESULTS: The design was registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov database, the study was organized by the Federation of Anesthesiologists and Reanimatologists of Russia. Primary (30-day mortality, 30-day complications) and secondary (hospital mortality, hospital complications, length of stay in ICU, length of hospital stay, multiple organ failure (2 or more points on the SOFA scale), 90-day mortality, 90-day complications, post intensive care syndrome, readmission, 1-year mortality) outcomes; six primary and twelve secondary target points; criteria for inclusion, non-inclusion, exclusion. The required sample size and statistical analysis are described. The planned sample size to ensure the required power of the study is determined to be 60,800 observations for elective surgery and 20,000 observations for emergency surgery. The planned duration of the study is 2024–2028. CONCLUSIONS: The study has important scientific and medical-social significance; a Russian national calculator for the risk of postoperative complications and mortality will be developed. In the future, the developed calculator can become the basis for making medical decisions.
TRALI and TACO syndrome. Pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment: a review
Authors: Yaroshetskiy Andrey I. , Savko S. A. , Zhigulin G. M.
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: TRALI (transfusion-related acute lung injury) and TACO (transfusion-associated circulatory overload) are severe post-transfusion reactions with high hospital mortality, uncertainty in pathophysiologic mechanisms and a blurred clinical presentation often lead to these conditions being underdiagnosed or missed by clinicians. OBJECTIVE: To analyze and summarize the current understanding of the pathophysiology, differential diagnosis and treatment of TRALI and TACO syndrome. To highlight the best approaches and current practices to improve treatment efficacy and awareness among specialists. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Articles in the following databases were analyzed: PubMed, eLibrary. The main inclusion criteria were: free access to the full content of the publications, compliance with the review topics concerning pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of TRALI- and TACO-syndrome. Exclusion criteria: abstracts, conference proceedings and editorial letters, as well as publications not indexed in specialized abstract databases. RESULTS: This article presents the main reference points, thanks to which clinicians can make a differential diagnosis among posttransfusion complications and select the optimal treatment. Since TACO is a simulated cardiogenic pulmonary edema as a result of altered cytokine profile, and TRALI-syndrome is a consequence of specific immunologic conflict between donor and recipient after hemotransfusion, these conditions should be differentiated in the inpatient setting, and specialists should use the full range of modern laboratory and instrumental methods. CONCLUSIONS: Despite a large number of studies, the pathophysiologic mechanisms of TRALI and TACO remain somewhat unclear, and current approaches to diagnosis and treatment are not effective. Therefore, the existing gaps in the diagnostics of posttransfusion reactions should be clarified in further studies, and clinicians should be extra vigilant in their choice of diagnosis.
Protein-energy malnutrition prevalence and influence on complications and outcome of severe stroke, requiring mechanical ventilation: a multicenter prospective observational trial
Authors: Ershov Vadim I. , Leyderman I. N. , Belkin A. A. , Gorbachev V. I. , Gritsan A. I. , Lebedinskii K. M. , Petrikov S. S. , Protsenko D. N. , Solodov A. A. , Shchegolev A. V. , Borzdyko A. A. , Dobrynin A. S. , Silkin V. V. , Zabolotskikh I. B.
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Stroke is characterized by high prevalence and mortality. Protein-energy deficiency is a common syndrome in this category of patients, affecting the course and outcomes of cerebral stroke. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to analyze the prevalence and impact on the course and outcome of stroke of protein-energy deficiency in patients with mechanical ventilation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multicenter observational clinical study “Register of respiratory therapy in patients with stroke (RETAS)” was conducted under the auspices of the Russian Federation of Anesthesiologists and Reanimatologists. The study involved 14 centers, included 1289 acute stroke patients received respiratory support. RESULTS: Protein-energy deficiency in patients with stroke on mechanical ventilation was associated with a tendency to a greater risk of a lethal outcome (p = 0.0003). The absence of protein-energy malnutrition in patients with stroke severity less than 14 points during mechanical ventilation was associated with a greater likelihood of a positive outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale, GOS 4 and 5) compared with patients with signs of malnutrition (p = 0.000002). Protein-energy malnutrition is associated with prolonged stay in ICU of patients with stroke on mechanical ventilation (p < 0.0001). At the same time, the group of patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation was characterized by a high prevalence of bedsores (p < 0.0001), hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia (р = 0.0001), and decreased body weight 10 percent or more (p < 0.0001). The presence of protein-energy malnutrition was accompanied by an increased risk of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis in patients with stroke (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Protein-energy malnutrition significantly influences on the course and clinical outcome parameters of severe cerebral stroke patients on mechanical ventilation.
Factors that determine cell-free hemoglobin concentration in blood prime during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a prospective observational study
Authors: Bautin Andrei E. , Marichev A. O. , Karpova L. I. , Radovskiy A. M. , Barygin E. K. , Gusenova A. K. , Blokhina N. V. , Osovskikh V. V. , Ablesimov G. N. , Grebennik V. K. , Gordeev M. L.
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Plasma cell-free hemoglobin (Hbf) has a negative effect on the results of cardiac surgery. OBJECTIVE: Analysis of the dynamics of the Hbf during cardiosurgical operations with CPB. Identification of the main factors for increasing the Hbf. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective, single-center, cohort study included 50 patients who underwent cardiac surgery with CPB. Hbf was monitored before surgery, during CPB (10 minutes after the start, then every 30 minutes) and every 6 hours for two days. RESULTS: An increase in Hbf levels was found in 90 % of surgical procedure. In 8 % of cases, hemolysis was mild (0.1 < Hbf ≤ 0.4 g/l), in 48 % — moderate (0.4 < Hbf < 1 g/l), severe (Hbf ≥ 1 g/l) was after 34 % of operations. After weaning from CPB Hbf rapidly decreases and after 12 hours drop to the preoperative level. Aortic cross-clamping is a risk factor with an odds ratio of 1.038 (p = 0.036). A positive correlation was established between the Hbf level and the duration of CPB (r = 0.76; p < 0.001). In ROC-analysis, a good predictive ability for development of severe hemolysis was demonstrated by the time of CPB: AUC 0.74 (p = 0.014) with a threshold value of 76 minutes. During CABG, severe hemolysis developed significantly less frequently than during valve corrections — 12.5 % versus 44.1 %, p = 0.026. Hbf content was significantly lower with an initial hemoglobin concentration < 140 g/l than in patients with an initial hemoglobin level ≥ 140 g/l — 0.7 (0.5; 0.95) g/l versus 0.9 (0.7; 1.28) g/l, p = 0.036. CONCLUSIONS: Hemolysis is typical for the cardiac surgeries with CPB. The time of aoral clamping and CPB, the type of surgcry, the hemoglobin content before surgcry have an impact on the severity of hemolysis.
Predictive significance of hematological indices in aortic reconstructive surgery: a prospective observational study
Authors: Grin O. O. , Babaev Mаxim A. , Grekova M. S. , Kotelnikova E. O. , Isalova K. M. , Eremenko A. A.
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Hematological indices are available, universal predictors and markers of infectious and non-infectious pathological conditions. OBJECTIVE: To determine the predictive ability of hematological indices in relation to the development of postoperative complications in patients undergoing reconstructive interventions on the aorta. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective, observational, single-center study included 79 patients who underwent elective aortic surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass. Age of participants 57 (46.5; 64) years, Charlson comorbidity index 4 (2; 5), cardiopulmonary bypass duration 123 (101; 160) minutes, myocardial ischemia 91 (66; 115) minutes. The patients were divided into two groups: I — without complications, II — with complications. RESULTS: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on day 3 in group I was 6.17 (4.1; 8.7), in group II — 9.56 (6.68; 12.46), p = 0.002. NLR on day 6 in group I was 3.79 (2.77; 5.1), in group II — 6.0 (4.3; 9.1), p = 0.001. NLR > 7.5 on day 3 was a predictor of complications in the postoperative period, OR = 4.6 (95 % CI 1.8–11.9, p = 0.002). NLR on day 6 > 5.0 also showed a predictive ability: OR = 4.9 (95 % CI 1.9–12.7, p = 0.001). Platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) on day 3 in group I was 103.88 (78.87; 133.57), by day 6 it increased to 117.5 (104.63; 160.78); in group II, there was practically no increase in PLR: from 122 (88.46; 160.25) to 127.06 (108.40; 154.14). Differences between the indicators in groups were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Hematological indices can be used as predictors of complications in patients after surgery on the aorta and its branches. Patients with NLR > 7.5 on day 3 and > 5.0 on day 6, regardless of comorbidities and age, may represent a previously unrecognized subgroup of patients with an increased risk of postoperative complications.
Su Kaynakları Yönetiminin Geleceği, Su Güvenliği ve Ortaya Çıkan Sorunlar
Authors: KOÇ Cengiz
Published: January 2024

Entegre Su Kaynakları Yönetimi (ESKY) gereksinimine ilişkin uluslararası anlaşmalar birçok ülkede önemli politik girişimlere ve çalışmalara neden olmuştur. ESKY, uluslararası kuruluşlar tarafından geniş çapta kabul görmektedir. ESKY, canlı ekosistemlerin sürdürülebilirliğinden ödün vermeksizin ekonomik ve sosyal refahı adil bir şekilde en üst düzeye çıkarmak için su, toprak ve ilgili diğer kaynakların koordineli gelişimini ve yönetimini destekleyen bir süreç olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Son yıllarda küresel su güvenliğinde artan krize ilişkin uluslararası kaygılar giderek artmaktadır. Burada güvenlik, içme, gıda üretimi, enerji, ekosistem vb. için yeterli miktar ve kalitede suyun temin edilmesi anlamına gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada; su kaynakları yönetiminin geleceği, su güvenliği, ortaya çıkan zorluklar ve su kaynakları yönetimi ile bağlantısı, su güvenliği ve iklim değişikliği, su yönetimi bağlamında su güvenliği, politik kararlar ve su güvenliği, su güvenliği için finansman, altyapı ve mühendislik, sürdürülebilir su tasarruflu tarım için sulama konuları incelenmiş, değerlendirilmiş ve bazı sonuçlar çıkarılmıştır.
Effect of Na, Mg, Ca chloride salts on mineral element, proline and total protein contents in rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown in vitro
Authors: ORCAN Mehmet Yusuf , ORCAN Pınar
Published: January 2024

In this study, the effects of different types and concentrations of salts on local Siverek rice plant (Oryza sativa L.) grown in vitro were investigated in terms of mineral elements (K, Ca, P, Mg, Na, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Mo, Co), proline, and total protein content. Sterilized seeds were planted in hormone-free and salt-free MS medium. After one week, the seedlings were subjected to different concentrations of NaCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2 salts (0, 30 mM, 90 mM) in order to evaluate the effect of salinity on plant growth and development. In response to salt stress, a decrease in nutrient elements was observed for all three types of salt compared to the control group, which can be attributed to disruptions in ion balance. Changes in element levels generally showed varying levels of increase or decrease depending on both the type and concentration of the salt and these changes were statistically significant. The increase in proline level was found to be directly proportional to the changes in the amounts of Ca, Mg, K, and Na elements. Both total protein and proline content showed the lowest values for all salt concentrations with CaCl2, while the highest values were obtained with NaCl. In conclusion, the changes in the level of mineral elements, total protein, and proline content levels, which decrease or increase in different ratios, depending on the type and concentration rising of the salt, are associated with the varying tolerance of the plant to different types of salts.
Speech Audiometry in Pakistan: Development of Urdu Spondee Words List (USWL)
Authors: Ijaz Tehreem , Kiyani Humaira Shamim , Saqulain Ghulam
Published: January 2024

Background: Hearing impairment (HI) is a common barrier to communication which impacts the HI in achieving higher educational goals, impacts them at work and leisure and can result in social exclusion
 Objective: To developed Urdu Spondee Words List for establishing Speech Recognition Threshold in Urdu speaking hearing impaired population.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in twin cities of Rawalpindi & Islamabad from July 2018 to January 2019. Study involved development of a tool called Urdu Spondee Word list (USWL) and familiarity judgement utilizing a sample of N=50 Urdu speaking participants of both genders aged 10-16 years utilizing convenience sampling, and finally voice analysis on PRATT software. SPSS version 21 was used for data analysis.   
Results:  The results revealed that the final selected list of 18 spondee words has equally stressed syllables, with the accomplishment of the criteria of familiarity judgment for the participants. The recorded list shows minimum and maximum intensity variation of 3db to 8db in the homogenous audibility of the words making it suitable for speech recognition threshold measures.
Conclusion: The developed 18 item Urdu Spondee Word list (USWL) with criteria of familiarity and homogenous audibility of words is suitable for speech recognition threshold measurement for Urdu speaking population.