bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expert System to Diagnose Problems Acne Whitening Method Using the Base Case Reasioning
Authors: Mulyana Sri Ulina , Panggabean Erwin
Published: September 2020

Lack of knowledge about the problem of acne for the people who do not know how to prevent early steps to prevent acne more inflamed. This system can help doctors to facilitate patient diagnosis and can save the patient's medical records for consideration of the results of diagnoses of new problems that will come. Therefore, this study aims to produce an expert system for diagnosing acne problems on the face using the case base reasoning method. The algorithm used for the CBR method is the Nearest Neighbor Retrieval algorithm for determining the value of disease symptom weighting based on: if the symptoms of the selected disease will be the same value of 1 and if the symptoms chosen are not the same will be value of 0 to the symptoms of old disease cases. In this CBR method the system will determine the solution of the problem with the highest level of similarity value which will be chosen as the solution of the new problem.
Shortest These search Heading Attractions Lubukpakam Using Greedy Algorithm
Authors: SITORUS IRMA YOLANDA , HASUGIAN PENDA SUDARTO
Published: September 2020

In the case of this shortest route search actually has many different types of solutions for path searching, for example the greedy algorithm, dijkstra, floyd-warshall and bellman-ford but what is commonly used to solve this problem is the Greedy algorithm because this algorithm is an algorithm that uses a problem solving approach with look for a temporary maximum value at each step. Of all the tourist attractions such as the Fruit Garden, Deli Serdang Swimming Pool, Deli Serdang Museum, Deli Serdang Regency Government Square, Tengku Raja Muda Field, the writer will look for the shortest path to take the closest route because of the many paths that can be taken to get the optimum path as well as using google maps. This application is made web-based with PHP and MySQL scripts as a database manager so that it is enough to connect to the internet network that everyone can easily access.
Application of Data Mining Method Using Association Rules Apriori To Shopping Cart Analysis On Sale Transactions (Case Study Alfamidi Burnt Stone)
Authors: Siregar Vanessa , Hasugian Paska Marto
Published: September 2020

Also Often data mining is called knowledge discovery in databases (KDD), ie activities include the collection, historical use of data to find regularities, patterns or relationships in data sets with a large size. The company may be interested to know if some groups consistently goods items purchased together. This study analyzes the transaction of data information retrieval from the sale of skin care and hair care using data mining algorithms priori Alfamidi Burnt Stones with the highest support value is 8% and the highest value is 5% confidance
Diagnose Expert System Dental Disease In Humans Method Using Dempster Shafer
Authors: Bu'ulolo Etiani , Sianturi Fricles Ariwisanto
Published: September 2020

Dental disease is one of the many health problems Complained of by the people of Indonesia. Dental health is a reflection of human health. Lack of knowledge and limited sources of information on oral health have the caused public awareness to maintain oral and dental health is still low .. The development of one of the fields of information technology namely artificial intelligence has been Widely applied in various fields of life can be used as a solution to Overcome this problem. In this study, the dental and oral disease expert system uses the Dempster Shafer method to control inferences that Contain thought patterns and reasoning mechanisms used by experts in solving problems.
Diagnose Disease Expert System Respiratory Tract Infection Method Using Certainty Factor
Authors: Lahagu Aritana , Panggabean Erwin
Published: September 2020

Respiratory tract infections are infectious diseases that interfere with the process of human breathing. When the breathing process takes place, there are often various kinds of diseases, most of which can only be treated by a lung specialist. The arrival of a pulmonary specialist for consultation can take hours and is expensive. Then we need an expert system that can quickly find out the type of disease in human breathing and how to handle it and the solutions that will be provided. Expert system is a system that uses human knowledge to find out the system that is entered into a computer and then is used to solve problems that usually require expertise or human expertise. One application of an expert system to diagnose respiratory tract infections is to use the certainty factor method. The certainty factor method is a method used to solve problems from uncertain answers, and also produce uncertain answers. This uncertainty is influenced by two factors, namely uncertain rules and uncertain user answers. The research aims to build an expert system application for handling respiratory tract infection problems with Visual Studio 2010 as a tool for designing applications and using Microsoft Access 2007 Database as a database. This expert system is able to calculate similarity in weight calculation based on symptoms of respiratory tract infection using certainty factor methods and provide reports using crystal reports
Implementation of the K-Means Clustering Method in Data Grouping Sales In Asia Africa Dentures Dental
Authors: Halawa Sonibe , Hamdani Rita
Published: September 2020

Data mining can be applied to explore the added value of a set of data in the form of knowledge that had been unknown to them manually. There are several techniques used dala mining eyes, one satuteknik data mining is clustering. Clustering can be used for grouping to something. As can group sales data that is most desirable, and others. Examples of companies engaged in the sale is a dental african Asia. Asia Africa Dental is one area of business engaged in the sale of false teeth. Asia Africa Dental these every day to meet the needs of consumers. But Asia Africa Dental lacking in reviewing products sold. What products are needed consumer and data storage is less effective. Thus the need for a system that can support the company in taking decisions quickly and precisely. So in this study, the authors used the application of K-Means Clustering method. To facilitate the author in analyzing the K-Means Clustering The author using the application Weka (Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis) .. The result of the calculation Weka (Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis) is inserted into the Visual Basic .Net.
Election Decision Support System Based on the Best Teacher Performance Assessment in State Smp 2 One Roof SAW Method Using STM Hilir
Authors: Adhar Tengku Afan , Sinaga Bosker , Sulindawaty Sulindawaty
Published: September 2020

The process of teacher performance assessment Effectively, precisely, Objectively, and transparently is the important point in selecting the best teacher assessment based on their performance. This assessment was Carried out in SMP Negeri 2 One Roof STM Hilir to avoid the accusations of Injustice and family relationship with the assessor in the school, both the Headmaster and the teacher selection committee. Therefore, a decision system is needed in selecting the decision. One method is the which can be used in solving the problem of Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MADM) is by using Simple Additive weighting (SAW) method, Because The method concept is so easy to understand, simple, effective computationally and has ability in measuring the relative performance of alternative decisions in mathematical form. In addition, Also the design application used UML (Unified Modeling Language) is implemented a system roomates in the software by using Web Programming and MySQL as its database. Finally, based on the design of this application, it can be seen that the decision system by using SAW method is very effective, fast, computerized and transparent accurately in Determining the teacher performance in SMPN 2 One Roof STM Hilir.
Using Biomarkers to Detect the Temporal Trend of Subclinical Cardiotoxicity in Patients with Breast Cancer Treated with Anthracyclines and Her2+ Antagonists
Authors: Bottinor Wendy , Kelsey Natalie , Riley Elizabeth C , Craycroft John , Kong Maiying
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT

Background: Standard of care treatment for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive (HER2+) breast cancer often involves HER2 antagonism and anthracyclines. Anthracyclines and HER2 antagonists are associated with cardiotoxicity and cardiac screening is suggested. The optimal strategy for cardiac monitoring is not definitively established and the potential role of biomarkers to detect subclinical cardiotoxicity is an active area of interest within the field of cardio-oncology.

Methods: This single center retrospective cohort analysis, examined the role of troponin I (Tp I) to detect subclinical cardiotoxicity and predict subsequent cardiovascular dysfunction in patients undergoing treatment for HER2+ breast cancer treated with combination trastuzumab and pertuzumab therapy. Subjects were identified by review of cardio-oncology and medical oncology clinical registries. Demographic and clinical data were obtained through chart review. Tp I absolute values and temporal trends, and subsequent decline in left ventricular ejection fraction or development of symptomatic heart failure were evaluated and compared for different chemotherapeutic regimens.

Results: The incidence of Tp I elevation was significantly higher in patients treated with both anthracycline and HER2 antagonism when compared to patients treated with anthracycline or HER2 antagonism alone. In patients treated with both anthracycline and HER2 antagonism (either trastuzumab alone or in combination with pertuzumab), Tp I levels became positive (greater than 0.03 ng/mL) after the completion anthracycline therapy and 3.8 + 1.93 infusions of anti-HER2 therapy. The average peak Tp I was 0.104 + 0.05. Resolution of Tp I elevation occurred by infusion 14 + 1.94.

Conclusions: Patients treated with a combination of anthracycline and HER2 antagonism, demonstrated elevated Tp I values with peak Tp I occurring after completion of anthracyclines and approximately 7 infusions of HER2 antagonist therapy.
Promotion of Safe Work Practices in the Agricultural Sector through Coaching as a Training Strategy in Australia
Authors: Skiba Richard
Published: September 2020

There is currently, and historically, a high rate of workplace incidents and fatalities in the Australian Agricultural sector. This paper considers the use of coaching as a mechanism for provision of best practice safety training and development of a safety culture in Agricultural work places, particularly based on the current industry profiles and preferred methods of workplace learning. Current studies, including Safe Work Australia and AgHealth Australia data, and literature, such as Krauesslar and Passmore (2015) and Somes (2018), are reviewed to explain how coaching can enable workers to feel motivated and involved in workplace safety, and in effect, reducing the incidence of workplace injuries and fatalities. As such, the paper considers ‘what is the most successful training method to develop a stronger health and safety culture in the Agricultural Sector?’ The discussion finds that the most commonly and most effective learning approaches utilized in agricultural settings are based on ‘farmers learning from farmers’. This is effectively a coaching approach, and in turn, workplace coaching should be considered as a generic foundation skill taught to all workers in Agriculture to encourage effective consultation practices and communication between workers. The development of coaching skills can occur through their inclusion in formal training programs, such Certificate III or IV level programs in Vocational Education and Training and through short specific targeted programs.
Convergent Validity Testing of a Value-Achievement-Cost Motivation Survey for 12th Grade Female Career and Technical Education Health Sciences Students for Use in Serious Simulation Games
Authors: Glover Kevin R. , Bodzin Alec
Published: September 2020

A Value-Achievement-Cost (VAC) Survey was psychometrically tested to continue to establish its predictive utility for future research with 12th grade female Career and Technical Education (CTE) health science classroom cohorts of less than 50 students. In this study, a 10-construct,
46-item VAC Survey was administered to 31 college-bound 12th grade female students who had self-selected themselves to participate in a year-long, dual enrollment, CTE health science program. The VAC Survey was used to measure student motivation associated with science in general,
health sector science learning, and playing health sciences-related games. Convergent validity was established in nine of the ten constructs by comparing the Cronbach alpha coefficients of the 10-construct, 46-item VAC Survey compared to the same instrument previously tested with a similar
CTE health science student cohort (n = 37). Internal consistency for these nine VAC Survey constructs were strong with Cronbach alpha coefficients between 0.80 and 0.93. This study has provided additional psychometric evidence that reinforces the VAC Survey's construct validity and internal
consistency. The study further supports the predictive utility of the instrument to measure 12th grade female CTE health sciences student motivation associated with science in general, health sector science learning, and playing health sciences-related games.
Texas Perspectives on College and Career Readiness: An Examination of CTE-Supported Endorsements in Public High Schools
Authors: Adamuti-Trache Maria , Zhang Yi Leaf , Barker Staci L.
Published: September 2020

The Texas Legislature passed House Bill 5 in 2013 to adopt the Foundation High School Program, a new graduation program intended to support youth college and career readiness. Texan students entering grade 9 were guided to enroll in one or more endorsements with a specific curriculum
designed to introduce them to STEM, Business & Industry, Public Services, Arts & Humanities, or Multidisciplinary areas of study and future career pathways. This research was based on analysis of restricted-use Texas longitudinal administrative and transcript data for 9th
graders enrolled in Texas public schools in the academic year 2015/16. We examined the complementary roles that exposure to core academic subjects and career and technical education courses has on making endorsement choices, with a focus on three CTE-supported endorsements, STEM, Business
& Industry, and Public Service. The study contributes to the literature on college and career readiness by examining specifically how the academic and vocational dimensions are reflected in the Texas high school endorsements. The study also addresses social equity issues by inquiring who
participates in which endorsements and whether student endorsement choices are marked by sociodemographic and academic differences that exacerbate educational inequalities.
Exploring Interdisciplinary Relationships Among King Abdulaziz University Departments via ResearchGate: Network Analysis and Visualizations
Authors: Baaqeel Hanan M. , Aloufi Sara F. , Elyas Tariq
Published: September 2020

Because all disciplines are connected, interdisciplinary studies are one of the most significant discussions in the education sector. It involves the merging of two or more academic disciplines into one activity. The aim of this research paper is to explore the relationship of interdisciplinary research and network among all departments at King Abdulaziz University (KAU) in ResearchGate (RG) by using the statistical network analysis of undirected social networks. In our academic network, the departments of the university represent the vertices and their academic relationships. We will detect the communities between the departments in RG network by using statistical analysis of the network for each community. Finally, we will compare the academic social network at KAU to some random graph models, and investigate some random graph characteristics, such as power-law, small-world, and scale-free models. In our research, we found that the Department of Chemistry has the highest degree for the academic social network at KAU in RG, and the highest eigenvector centrality as well. In terms of vertex centrality, the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering has the highest value in closeness and betweenness centrality. Also, we found that the most two connected departments are the Department of Computer Science and Department of Physics through the edge weight equals 248. By using community detection, we found there are seven communities. We conclude that the degree distribution of the academic social network of KAU in RG is different from the degree distribution of random graph models, but it is slightly close to small world model. This study , in turn, can participate to achieve one of the goals of Vision 2030 by shedding some light into how to improve research networks in the education sector and research among Saudi universities.
The Cognitive Prominence of Euphemism Production: A Perspective of the Embodied-Cognitive Approach
Authors: Long Deyin
Published: September 2020

The previous research on euphemism is mainly conducted from the perspectives of traditional linguistics, sociolinguistics, pragmatics, cognitive linguistics, and the philosophy of mind, but few studies focus on the cognitive prominence of euphemism production from the perspective of the embodied-cognitive approach. This paper takes the euphemisms in English literary works as the corpora and explores the cognitive prominence of euphemism production from the perspective of the embodied-cognitive approach to reveal the production mechanism of euphemism. It is found that euphemism production highlights the linguistic subject’s embodied cognition of identity, causal implication, and supervenience with reality. The linguistic subject’s embodied cognition of identity with reality explains that euphemism is in place of the common expression to direct at an unpleasant or embarrassing thing or event in reality because euphemism is identical to common expression. The linguistic subject’s embodied cognition of causal implication with reality accounts for the fact that the interaction between the mental and the physical follows the principle of causal interaction. Common expression causally implicates euphemism and the causal implication between them is restricted by the specific context and the linguistic subject’s intentionality. The linguistic subject’s embodied cognition of supervenience with reality indicates that the consciousness of the linguistic subject towards the described thing or event supervenes globally on its physical property. Euphemism production is the result of the linguistic subject’s embodied cognition with reality. Cognitive prominence from the perspective of the embodied-cognitive approach has very strong explanatory power over the production mechanism of linguistic expressions.
Recommendation for the establishment of a poison control center at the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency
Authors: Park Dong-Uk , Kim Jiwon , Nam Minwoo , Mun Eunchan , Lee Yesung , Ha Kwonchul , Choi Sangjun , Choi Won-Jun , Park Jihoon , Jun Hyoungbae , Park Soyoung
Published: September 2020

There is currently no governmental body in South Korea resembling the type of poison center (PC) recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). All Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) member countries except for South Korea maintain such a PC tasked with both preventing poisoning accidents and supporting the prompt treatment of poisoned patients. Such a PC could very possibly have allowed the country to more promptly recognize the widespread wave of humidifier disinfectant (HD) associated health effects, including fatal lung injury and death, that lasted started roughly in 2000 and continued through 2011. Despite this chemical poisoning tragedy, South Korea still lacks a surveillance system to monitor health effects caused by the use and consumption of materials that include products containing chemicals, foodborne pathogens, drugs, pesticides, etc. There have been no legal procedures for examining the potential risk of products or materials manufactured by industry. The reporting of national poisoning data or causes of poisoning, which is near ubiquitous in advanced countries with a PC, has not taken place We recommend that a PC should be established within the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA). In addition, in order to perform surveillance of poisoning cases across the country, a certain number of regional PCs, including at large hospitals, will also be necessary.
Patellofemoral Morphology and Imaging Features of Patellar Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions
Authors: Wu Tian-Hao , Han Shu-Man , Sun Tao , Cao Lei , Shi Yun-Heng , Yu Bao-Hai , Wu Wen-Juan , Gao Bu-Lang
Published: September 2020

Background: The patellofemoral joint parameters and imaging presentations of patellar tumors and tumor-like lesions are not clear. Objectives: The aim of this case-control study was to investigate patellofemoral joint parameters, clinical data and findings in patients with patellar tumors and tumor-like lesions. Patients and Methods: Twenty-nine patients with patellar diseases were enrolled. Morphological measurement was performed and analyzed in fourteen patients with patellar tumors (tumor group) and another fifteen patients without patellar diseases (control) who had complete computed tomography data as the control group. Results: Among 29 patients, there were twenty benign lesions (69.0%) and nine malignant tumors (31.0%). Benign lesions included chondroblastoma in nine patients (31.0%), giant cell tumor of bone in four (13.8%), chondroma in one (3.4%), hemangioma in one (3.4%), parosteal lipoma in one (3.4%), bone cyst in two (6.8%), aneurysmal bone cyst in one (3.4%), and fibrous dysplasia in one (3.4%). Malignant tumors were bone metastasis in four patients (13.8%), osteosarcoma in three (10.3%) including common osteosarcoma in two and well-differentiated osteosarcoma in the remaining one, chondrosarcoma in one (3.4%) and hemangiopericytoma in one (3.4%) patient. Chondroblastomas, giant cell tumors and fibrous dysplasia showed findings of expansile bone destruction lesions in imaging. Malignant tumors had bone destruction with ill-defined margins. The femoral trochlear angle was significantly greater in the tumor than the control group (P < 0.001, 159.19º ± 9.42º vs. 135.00º ± 5.50º), whereas the lateral pulley inclination (P = 0.01, 14.69º ± 8.91º vs. 20.73º ± 3.51º) and trochlear depth (P < 0.001, 3.10 ± 1.79 vs. 6.67 ± 1.26 mm) were significantly smaller in the tumor than the control group. Conclusion: The patellar tumors are mainly benign and rarely malignant. Comprehensive understanding of the distribution, incidence and imaging features of patellar tumors and patellofemoral morphological parameters can improve the diagnosis accuracy.
The Effect of Home-Based Rehabilitation on Adherence to Treatment and Quality of Life of Individuals After Stroke
Authors: Jafari Javad , Kermansaravi Fatihe , Yaghoubinia Fariba
Published: September 2020

Background: Since stroke cause chronic and long-term complications and still no pre-discharge rehabilitation program is developed for such patients, home-based rehabilitation is an appropriate caring approach for these patients. Objectives: The present study aimed to explore the effect of home-based rehabilitation on adherence to treatment and quality of life (Qol) of individuals after stroke in 2019. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study 60 stroke patients admitted to the internal medicine and neurology department of hospitals affiliated to the Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, southeast of Iran, during 2019 are studied. Subjects were selected by convenience sampling and then randomized into the intervention and control groups. Data were collected using the Adherence to Treatment Regimen questionnaire and Stroke Specific Quality of Life scale, which were completed in two stages one and three months after the intervention. In the intervention group, rehabilitation training was provided in three 45-minute sessions during the hospital stay. After discharge, the training content was followed at home twice a week for two weeks (four times in total). Data were analyzed in SPSS-22 using repeated measures ANOVA, independent t-test, and chi-squared test at the significance level of P < 0.05. Results: The mean total scores of QoL and adherence to the treatment regimen and its dimensions one and three months after rehabilitation were significantly different in the two groups, with the intervention group scoring higher than the control group (P < 0.001). Repeated measures ANOVA indicated a statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the effect of time and group on the QoL and adherence to the treatment regimen and its dimensions. In other words, the intervention and time affected the mean QoL and adherence to the treatment regimen, which resulted in a significant difference concerning the time intervals (P < 0.001). Conclusions: This study showed that home-based rehabilitation improves treatment adherence and QoL in stroke patients; therefore, employing this method by nurses to engage the family of patients with chronic diseases in the process of treatment is recommended.
Abdominal Signs and Symptoms of COVID-19 in Children
Authors: Saleh Rana , Rahimi Hamid , Javadi Niloofar , Amini Sheida , Saeidi Shima , Pourmoghaddas Zahra
Published: September 2020

: COVID-19 is an ongoing pandemic that is not known well. According to our current knowledge, although respiratory manifestations are the most common symptoms of COVID-19, but non-pulmonary manifestations are also commonly reported, such as rashes, appendicitis, volvulus, diverticulitis, and mesenteric lymphadenitis. In this case series, we introduced four children with COVID-19 who presented with gastrointestinal symptoms.
Vaccine Education in the Library: Lessons Learned from a Hot Topic Program
Authors: Hickey Katherine , Emmons Annie
Published: September 2020

Recent data from the US Department of Health and Human Services indicate a small but growing number of unvaccinated children under the age of two. Low vaccination rates can result in outbreaks of preventable diseases and even death. The World Health Organization (WHO) identified vaccine hesitancy as one of the top ten threats to global health in 2019.
Every? Child Ready to Read: A Model of Successful Programming for Deaf Children
Authors: Bushman Bobbie
Published: September 2020

Children’s librarians are challenged to provide inclusive programming in today’s public libraries. Sensory and American Sign Language (ASL) storytimes are often common offerings.
Couples Who Collaborate: Chris and J.J. Grabenstein
Authors: Sableski Mary-Kate
Published: September 2020

How will you Shine! ? This question is at the heart of the new middle grade book by married couple J.J. and Chris Grabenstein. Inspired by the story J.J. always wanted to read, but no one had yet written, this book is the first collaboration by the duo. Funny, sensitive, and relatable, Shine! is a delight, just like the couple who created it.
From Outreach to Translanguaging: Developing a Bilingual Storytime
Authors: Kelly Laura , Bolanos Cinthya
Published: September 2020

A college student shows the illustrations of the bilingual book What Can You Do with a Rebozo? She turns to several pages that she has marked, shows the pictures to children gathered for bilingual storytime, and talks about each picture in English. The student stops on the page that describes a baile, or dance, that the child in the book does with her mamá’s rebozo, or brightly colored shawl. The student reads this page in Spanish and asks the children if they would like to dance with their own rebozos. The children excitedly say they would, and the student passes out play scarves. The children jump, clap, stomp, and sing along with their rebozos while dancing to an English song.
Programming in Time of Pandemic: The Year Libraries Went Touchless
Authors: Grassel Allison
Published: September 2020

From virtual storytimes to contactless pickups, libraries truly had a challenge to remain relevant in spring 2020. When COVID-19 fears caused many nationwide libraries to close in March and April, librarians—especially children’s librarians—had to shift gears to reach patrons who could no longer walk through their doors.
Intellectual Freedom: Serving Up Outreach with a Side of Information Literacy
Authors: Hartnett Liz
Published: September 2020

Information literacy can add new dimension to outreach programs. Just like sneaking healthy food into a kid’s meal, these techniques will enrich the work you already do as a librarian. Here we’ll focus on tips for incorporating information literacy into outreach programming for kids.
ALSC Membership Committee: We Are ALSC: Profiles from the Field
Authors: For Library Service to Children Assocation
Published: September 2020

What does ALSC membership mean? It could depend on a person’s stage in their career or how long they’ve been a member. Here’s a glimpse of several ALSC members—from a new member to one in the ALSC fold for almost four decades.
Heroes, Hospitals, [No] Hugs, and Handwashing: Bibliotherapy in the Age of a Pandemic
Authors: Sarles Patricia
Published: September 2020

In a crisis, people mobilize to deliver services and resources where they are needed most. That’s exactly what happened in the library world. From pandemic virtual programming to compiling booklists, librarians around the globe sought to educate adults and children during a time of uncertainty.
STEAM Learning in Public Libraries: A “Guide on the Side” Approach for Inclusive Learning
Authors: Mitchell Brooks , Ratcliffe Claire , LaConte Keliann
Published: September 2020

Children and their families are practicing STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Math) skills through a library program. Hand-crank generators and LED bulbs are set out on each of the tables, along with two types of dough—conductive play dough and insulating modeling clay.
Kinetics of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Southeast Sulawesi Sago Starch
Authors: Ansharullah Ansharullah , Natsir Muhammad
Published: September 2020

The aims of this study were to characterize the kinetics of enzymatic hydrolysis of sago starch, obtained from Southeast Sulawesi Indonesia. The enzyme used for hydrolysis was bacterial ∝-amylase (Termamyl 120L from Bacillus licheniformis, E. C. 3.2.1.1).  The method to determine the initial velocity (Vo) of the hydrolysis was developed by differentiation a nonlinear equation (NLE).  The Vo of the hydrolysis was measured at various pH (6.0, 6.5,and 7.0), temperatures (40, 60, 75 and 95oC), enzyme concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 µg per mL) and in the presence of 70 ppm Ca++. The optimum conditions of this experiment were found to be at pH 6.5 – 7.0 and 75oC, and the Vo increased with increasing enzyme concentration. The Vo values at various substrate concentrations were also determined, which were then used to calculate the enzymes kinetics constant of the hydrolysis, including Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) and maximum velocity (Vmax) using a Hanes plot.  Km and Vmax values were found to be higher in the measurement at pH 7.0 and 75oC. The Km values  at four  different combinations of pH and temperatures (pH 6.5, 40oC; pH 6.5, 75oC; pH 7.0, 40oC; pH 7.0, 75oC) were found to be 0.86, 3.23, 0.77 and 3.83 mg/mL, respectively; and Vmax values were 17.5, 54.3, 20.3 and 57.1 µg/mL/min, respectively. The results obtained showed that hydrolysis rate of this starch was somewhat low.
A Study of Similarities between Some Biblical and Qur’anic Verses
Authors: Umar Muhammad , T. Alhaji Musa. , B. Ahmad
Published: September 2020

Allah the mighty in power and mercy who sent Messengers and prophets in order to call and guide mankind to the right path, Prophets and Messengers were sent to different generations and nations except Muhammad (saw) who was sent to all mankind including Jins, they have different laws but the main point is the same i.e calling to oneness of Allah. Although their laws were different, there are certain similarities that do exist. Due to the fact that they were similar. The research work is aim to highlight the similarities that exist between some verses of the Glorious Quran and the Holy Bible in some aspects. However the study addressed the following problems; Religious followers assumed that laws concerning some aspects did not exist, mentioned or addressed in the both scriptures. For instance, laws concerning economic wellbeing i.e. corruption, usury, justice, alcoholism and fraud e.t.c. were not in both scriptures, therefore the study explained that all the laws were in existence and addressed in both scriptures and also enlighten the followers on how similar the books are in various aspect of life. The researcher used various methods in collecting relevant data partaining the subject under study. This includes primary data which includes interview of the scholars and gathering authentic information from the historians and secondary data which also includes the Glorious Quran, the Holy Bible, text books and articles. The study addressed the misperceptions that exist in the mind of some of the followers of the religions which make them to see that the scriptures have no any similarities in their laws as well as some acts were only permissible or prohibited in holy bible or glorious Qur’an. The study also found out that followers of both the scriptures that is; Islam and Christianity have common verses with regards to the teachings, laws and have similar injunctions. Thus recreate unity and good understanding among the followers of both the religions besides, misunderstandings of the scriptures will be addressed.
Profitability, Liquidity, Leverage Ratio Analysis of Internet Financial Reporting
Authors: Iskandar Diah , Istianingsih .
Published: September 2020

This study examines the effect of Profitability, Liquidity, Leverage on Internet Financial Reporting and Company Size as Moderating variables. The population in this study were various industrial sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2016-2018, totaling 23 companies. The design in this study uses causal research, namely research that aims to determine the effect of the Profitability Ratio, Liquidity, Leverage, on Internet Financial Reporting and Company Size as moderating variables. The results of this study indicate that Profitability, Liquidity to Internet Financial Reporting cannot be moderated by Company Size, while Debt To Equity Ratio to Internet Financial Reporting can be moderated by Company Size. The effect of Profitability, Liquidity, and leverage on the Internet Financial Report, moderated by Company Size, produces different assessments. Partially, company size can strengthen the relationship between profitability, liability, leverage, and Internet Financial Reporting. And profitability and liquidity on Internet Financial Reporting cannot be moderated by company size, while leverage on Internet financial reporting can be moderated by company size.
Effect of Thermal Radiation on an Unsteady Magnetohydrodynamic Double Diffusive Boundary Layer Flow past a Permeable Infinite Vertical Plate with Heat Source
Authors: Kehinde O. O. , Akinboro F. S. , Adediipo A. D.
Published: September 2020

In this paper, effect of radiation and heat source parameters on temperature, concentration and velocity profile of an electrically conducting fluid passing through an infinite permeable plate is investigated. The governing equation, which was based on the balanced mass, linear momentum, energy and species concentration, were non-dimensionalized to reduce the equations to system of ordinary differential equations. This was then solved by perturbation technique. Effects of radiation parameter, heat source parameter, and Schmidt parameter are analyzed. We observed that the velocity and concentration profiles increase with increase in radiation parameter and heat source parameter. The temperature profile increases with decrease in radiation parameter with increases boundary layer thickness.
Phytochemical Characterization and In vitro Effects of Extracts Produced from Different Maytenus ilicifolia Matrices on the Activity of Intestinal Disaccharidases
Authors: Schindler Monica S. Z. , Frozza Carine , Anzollin Gabriela , Calisto Jean F. F. , Radünz André L. , Mariot Márcio P. , Magro Jacir Dal , Zanatta Leila
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. Ex Reiss, Celastraceae, popularly known as “espinheira-santa” is traditionally used to treat gastrointestinal disorders and diabetes. However, studies proving efficacy for the treatment of diabetes are scarce. Furthermore, it is believed that the presence of chemical constituents responsible for pharmacological activity may be affected by environmental variations. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the occurrence of variations in chemical composition, total polyphenol content, total tannin, antioxidant and antidiabetic activity in vitro for different matrices of M. ilicifolia.

Methodology: Chemical characterization was determined by CG-MS. Total polyphenol and total tannin contents were determined by spectrophotometer readings using standard gallic acid and tannic acid curves, respectively. In vitro antioxidant potential was determined by reducing the DPPH radical. In vitro antidiabetic activity was determined by inhibiting intestinal disaccharidases (maltase, sucrase and lactase) from a commercial glucose measurement kit produced by incubating intestinal homogenates with their substrates.

Results and Discussion: The results indicated the presence of variations in the chemical constituents and their concentrations, the total polyphenol content, total tannins and the in vitro antioxidant activity among the different tested extracts of M. ilicifolia. It is believed that these variations may be responsible for the differences found in inhibition of disaccharidases for the three intestinal enzymes.

Conclusion: Extracts 116 and 122 showed the best results in disaccharidase inhibition, however further studies are needed to investigate the results and reproducibility in vivo.
Therapeutic Management of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review and Treatment Algorithm
Authors: Zreiq Rafat , Haouas Najoua , Khemakhem Asma M. , Obeidat Rawan M. , Ali Reem M. , Shammary Asma Ayyed AL- , Alsaif Bandar , Algahtani Fahad D.
Published: September 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is emerging contagious pneumonia due to the new Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It initially appeared in Wuhan China in December 2019 then rapidly spread worldwide and became a pandemic. For the time being, there is no specific therapeutic treatment for this disease. Herein, the "state-of-the-art" of treatment modalities was systematically reviewed and ultimately a practical therapeutic algorithm for the COVID-19 management was proposed. The systematic review was performed by using published articles retrieved from Science Direct, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases concerning this topic. Among 1060 articles collected from the different databases, 19 publications were studied in-depth and incorporated in this review. The most three frequently used medications for the treatment of COVID-19 was: the available anti-viral drugs (n= 9), the antimalarial hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine (n = 8), and the passive antibody transfer therapy (n = 2). Among all treatment modalities, antimalarial hydroxychloroquine ranked the highest cure rate. Therefore, this drug is considered as the first‐line of COVID-19 treatment. The second‐line treatment includes the lopinavir/ritonavir drugs combined with interferon β-1b and ribavirin. Finally, the third‐line treatments include the remdesivir drug and passive antibody transfer therapy. However, our review emphasis the urgent need for adequately designed randomized controlled trials, enabling a more significant comparison between the most used treatment modalities.
Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency among University Students in Uşak, Turkey
Authors: Kamacı Saygın , Şanlı Senem , Özdemir Ayşe , Sardoğan Seyfi , Erdoğan Sanem , Şanlı Nurullah
Published: September 2020

Vitamin D deficiency is now recognized as a pandemic with implications for multi-organ systems including bone health and immunological processes. Low levels have been associated with several chronic and infectious diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among university students in Usak, Turkey. This cross-sectional study included 100 (44 male and 56 female) university students between January 2020 to February 2020. Demographics, medical history, sunlight exposure, dietary vitamin D intake, body mass index of each individual were recorded in face-to-face interviews. Subjects with known metabolic conditions affecting vitamin D metabolism were excluded. Vitamin D nutritional status was assessed as deficient if 25(OH)D levels were <20ng/mL, insufficient if between 20 and 30 ng/mL, sufficient if ≥30 ng/mL, while <10ng/mL was considered as severe. The mean age for all students was 20.18±1.77(18-30) years.  The mean serum 25(OH)D level was 11.60±9.81 among all students (12.22 ± 5.40 ng/mL in males, 11.11±12.24 ng/ml in females). 91 students (91%) were assessed as vitamin D deficient (92.86% among female, 88.64% among male, P >.05). Prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency among male students were 11.36 and 88.64%, respectively. Vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent among medical students included in this study and its deficiency especially among female students is alarmingly prevalent. Absence of vitamin D fortified foods in Turkish market is shortcoming. Therefore, preventive strategies parallel to regular vitamin D fortified food consumption is seriously recommended.
The Problems of Africa’s Industrialization Substitution Strategy and Reformation Needs
Authors: Bikoue Simeon  Maxime
Published: September 2020

This study showed that industrialisation by substitution of imports has been a failure in Africa and has made industries in this part of the world less competitive on the foreign market. As such, a different industrialisation strategy which in the context of globalisation of economies and the fierce competition of the international market reinforces the competitiveness of African countries. This new strategy was translated amongst others by the appropriation of new technologies, protection of infant industries, cloning of manufactured products imported out of Africa, regional integration and the culture of exporting manufactured products.
Structural and functional diversity calls for a new classification of ABC transporters
Authors: Thomas Christoph , Aller Stephen G. , Beis Konstantinos , Carpenter Elisabeth P. , Chang Geoffrey , Chen Lei , Dassa Elie , Dean Michael , Duong Van Hoa Franck , Ekiert Damian , Ford Robert , Gaudet Rachelle , Gong Xin , Holland I. Barry , Huang Yihua , Kahne Daniel K. , Kato Hiroaki , Koronakis Vassilis , Koth Christopher M. , Lee Youngsook , Lewinson Oded , Lill Roland , Martinoia Enrico , Murakami Satoshi , Pinkett Heather W. , Poolman Bert , Rosenbaum Daniel , Sarkadi Balazs , Schmitt Lutz , Schneider Erwin , Shi Yigong , Shyng Show‐Ling , Slotboom Dirk J. , Tajkhorshid Emad , Tieleman D. Peter , Ueda Kazumitsu , Váradi András , Wen Po‐Chao , Yan Nieng , Zhang Peng , Zheng Hongjin , Zimmer Jochen , Tampé Robert
Published: September 2020

Members of the ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily translocate a broad spectrum of chemically diverse substrates. While their eponymous ATP‐binding cassette in the nucleotide‐binding domains (NBDs) is highly conserved, their transmembrane domains (TMDs) forming the translocation pathway exhibit distinct folds and topologies, suggesting that during evolution the ancient motor domains were combined with different transmembrane mechanical systems to orchestrate a variety of cellular processes. In recent years, it has become increasingly evident that the distinct TMD folds are best suited to categorize the multitude of ABC transporters. We therefore propose a new ABC transporter classification that is based on structural homology in the TMDs.
Low oxygen tension differentially regulates the expression of placental solute carriers and ABC transporters
Authors: Gorczyca Ludwik , Du Jianyao , Bircsak Kristin M. , Wen Xia , Vetrano Anna M. , Aleksunes Lauren M.
Published: September 2020

Low oxygen concentration, or hypoxia, is an important physiological regulator of placental function including chemical disposition. Here, we compared the ability of low oxygen tension to alter the expression of solute carriers (SLC) and ABC transporters in two human placental models, namely BeWo cells and term placental explants. We found that exposure to low oxygen concentration differentially regulates transporter expression in BeWo cells, including downregulation of ENT1, OATP4A1, OCTN2, BCRP, and MRP2/3/5, and upregulation of CNT1, OAT4, OATP2B1, SERT, SOAT, and MRP1. Similar upregulation of MRP1 and downregulation of MRP5 and BCRP were observed in explants, whereas uptake transporters were decreased or unchanged. Furthermore, a screening of transcriptional regulators of transporters revealed that hypoxia leads to a decrease in the mRNA levels of aryl hydrocarbon receptor, nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2, and retinoid x receptor alpha in both human placental models. These data suggest that transporter expression is differentially regulated by oxygen concentration across experimental human placental models.
The guanine nucleotide exchange factor FLJ00068 activates Rac1 in adipocyte insulin signaling
Authors: Takenaka Nobuyuki , Nakao Mika , Hasegawa Kiko , Chan Man Piu , Satoh Takaya
Published: September 2020

Insulin stimulates glucose uptake via the translocation of the glucose transporter GLUT4 to the plasma membrane in adipocytes. Several lines of evidence suggest that the small GTPase Rac1 plays an important role in insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and adipocytes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanisms whereby Rac1 is regulated in adipocyte insulin signaling. Here, we show that knockdown of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor FLJ00068 inhibits Rac1 activation and GLUT4 translocation by insulin and a constitutively activated form of the protein kinase Akt2. Furthermore, constitutively activated FLJ00068 induced Rac1 activation and Rac1‐dependent GLUT4 translocation. Collectively, these results suggest the involvement of FLJ00068 downstream of Akt2 in insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake signaling in adipocytes.
Intramolecular interaction of B‐MYB is regulated through Ser‐577 phosphorylation
Authors: Werwein Eugen , Biyanee Abhiruchi , Klempnauer Karl‐Heinz
Published: September 2020

The transcription factor B‐MYB is an important regulator of cell cycle‐related processes that is activated by step‐wise phosphorylation of multiple sites by cyclin‐dependent kinases (CDKs) and conformational changes induced by the peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase Pin1. Here, we show that a conserved amino acid sequence around Ser‐577 in the C‐terminal part of B‐MYB is able to interact with the B‐MYB DNA‐binding domain. Phosphorylation of Ser‐577 disrupts this interaction and is regulated by the interplay of CDKs and the phosphatase CDC14B. Deletion of sequences surrounding Ser‐577 hyperactivates the transactivation potential of B‐MYB, decreases its proteolytic stability, and causes cell cycle defects. Overall, we show for the first time that B‐MYB can undergo an intramolecular interaction that is controlled by the phosphorylation state of Ser‐577.