bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
To Study Disruption by Cloud Computing in it Service Industry
Authors: SHETTY MISS. SAMRUDDHI , KELKAR SANDEEP
Published: September 2020

The research is conducted on the people serving IT Support and Development in various Sectors by filling an online questionnaire and interpreting the data collected by analysing demographically to find out opinion and thoughts about the disruption and ranking them and statistically by finding the associations between factors like reliability and the location of Data Center, Organization Culture and Disruption and between Security and Compliances and Regulatory. The research concluded that the Cloud Computing has brought Disruption in IT service Industry and population agrees to the statement but not strongly agree to it and Disruption will happen whether management supports the Innovation or Understands or not, it is the need of the hour. The main point of criticism for Cloud is concerns about security and privacy of Data which can be resolved with various compliances and Localization of Data Centers
Infrared Emission from Cold Gas Dusty Disks in Massive Ellipticals
Authors: Gan Zhaoming , Hensley Brandon S. , Ostriker Jeremiah P. , Ciotti Luca , Schiminovich David , Pellegrini Silvia
Published: September 2020

What is the expected infrared output of elliptical galaxies? We report the latest findings obtained in this high time resolution (∼10 yr) and high spatial resolution (2.5 pc at center) study. We add a set of grain physics to the Massive active galactic nucleus (AGN) Controlled Ellipticals Resolved code, including (a) dust grains made in passive stellar evolution; (b) dust grain growth due to collision and sticking; (c) grain destruction due to thermal sputtering; (d) dust cooling of hot gas via inelastic collisions; and (e) radiation pressure on dust grains. The code improvements enable us to analyze metal depletion and AGN obscuration due to dust, and to assess its infrared output. We simulate a representative massive elliptical galaxy of a central stellar velocity dispersion ∼260 km s−1 and modest rotation. We find that: (1) the circumnuclear disk (∼1 kpc in diameter) is dusty in its outer region where most of the metals are contained in dust grains, while in the inner disk, dust grains are mostly destroyed by the AGN irradiation; (2) the dusty disk is optically thick to both the starlight within the disk and the radiation from the central AGN; thus the AGN is obscured behind the disk, and the covering factor is ∼0.2; and (3) the duty cycles of the AGN activities, star formation, and the dust infrared luminosity roughly match observations; e.g., in most of its lifetime, the simulated galaxy is a stereotypical “quiescent” elliptical galaxy with

, but it can reach ≳1046 erg s−1 during outbursts with a star formation rate

.
Galactic Cosmic-Ray Hydrogen Spectra in the 40–250 MeV Range Measured by the High-energy Particle Detector (HEPD) on board the CSES-01 Satellite between 2018 and 2020
Authors: Bartocci S. , Battiston R. , Burger W. J. , Campana D. , Carfora L. , Castellini G. , Conti L. , Contin A. , De Donato C. , De Persio F. , De Santis C. , Diego P. , Follega F. M. , Iuppa R. , Lazzizzera I. , Marcelli N. , Martucci M. , Masciantonio G. , Mergé M. , Osteria G. , Palma F. , Palmonari F. , Parmentier A. , Perfetto F. , Picozza P. , Piersanti M. , Pozzato M. , Rashevskaya I. , Ricci E. , Ricci M. , Ricciarini S. , Scotti V. , Sotgiu A. , Sparvoli R. , Ubertini P. , Vitale V. , Zoffoli S. , Zuccon P.
Published: September 2020

The High-energy Particle Detector (HEPD) on board the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES-01)—launched on 2018 February 2—is a light and compact payload suitable for measuring electrons (3–100 MeV), protons (30–250 MeV), and light nuclei (up to a few hundreds of MeV). The Sun-synchronous orbit and large acceptance allow HEPD to measure cosmic-ray particles near the ±65° latitude limit for a fair amount of time per day. In this work, three semiannual galactic hydrogen energy spectra between ∼40 and 250 MeV are presented, including a comparison with theoretical spectra from HelMod, a 2D Monte Carlo model developed to simulate the solar modulation of cosmic rays throughout the heliosphere. To our knowledge, these are the first hydrogen energy spectra below 250 MeV measured at 1 au between 2018 and 2020.
The White Dwarf Opportunity: Robust Detections of Molecules in Earth-like Exoplanet Atmospheres with the James Webb Space Telescope
Authors: Kaltenegger Lisa , MacDonald Ryan J. , Kozakis Thea , Lewis Nikole K. , Mamajek Eric E. , McDowell Jonathan C. , Vanderburg Andrew
Published: September 2020

The near-term search for life beyond the solar system currently focuses on transiting planets orbiting small M dwarfs, and the challenges of detecting signs of life in their atmospheres. However, planets orbiting white dwarfs (WDs) would provide a unique opportunity to characterize rocky worlds. The discovery of the first transiting giant planet orbiting a WD, WD 1856+534, showed that planetary-mass objects can survive close-in orbits around WDs. The large radius ratio between WD planets and their host renders them exceptional targets for transmission spectroscopy. Here, we explore the molecular detectability and atmospheric characterization potential for a notional Earth-like planet, evolving in the habitable zone of WD 1856+534, with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). We establish that the atmospheric composition of such Earth-like planets orbiting WDs can be precisely retrieved with JWST. We demonstrate that robust >5σ detections of H2O and CO2 can be achieved in a five-transit reconnaissance program, while the biosignatures O3 + CH4 and CH4 + N2O can be detected to >4σ in as few as 25 transits. N2 and O2 can be detected to >5σ within 100 transits. Given the short transit duration of WD habitable zone planets (∼2 minutes for WD 1856+534), conclusive molecular detections can be achieved in a small or medium JWST transmission spectroscopy program. Rocky planets in the WD habitable zone therefore represent a promising opportunity to characterize terrestrial planet atmospheres and explore the possibility of a second genesis on these worlds.
De l’antre à l’(entre) autre
Authors: Roquefère Anne-Sophie
Published: September 2020

L’auteure tente ici d’expliciter ce qu’est la cohérence pour elle et comment elle n’est pas celle d’autrui. Comment errer peut s’avérer nécessaire pour rejoindre l’autre. Elle illustre son propos au travers d’une situation clinique délicate au cours de laquelle le cadre se dilate… vertigineusement.
Racing to a staffing solution: an investigation into the current staffing crisis within the UK horseracing industry
Authors: Juckes E. , Williams J.M. , Challinor C. , Davies E.
Published: September 2020

The British Horseracing Industry has been experiencing a labour shortage since the 1970’s and despite recent improvements reported in staff retainment, the industry still reports high staff turnover. We investigated staffing challenges experienced by UK horseracing employers and employees, to formulate strategic targets to address any issues identified. Thirty UK trainers and staff (12 staff, 9 senior staff, 9 trainers) participated in semi-structured inductive focus groups lasting on average 39±9 min. Questions explored staff background in racing, perceptions of the current staff challenges, retention and recommendations for improvement. Thematic analysis revealed four higher order themes; (1) lack of skills, (2) differences in perceived work ethic, (3) job conditions, and (4) media portrayal. This study concluded that there are dedicated staff working in the industry, but significant skills gaps, high workloads, poor work-life balance and a lack of training and career progression negatively influence retention in the horseracing industry.
A Methodological Proposal to Analyse the Process for Implementing Competency-Based Learning (CBL) in a Business School
Authors: Eizaguirre Almudena , García-Feijoo María , Beneitone Pablo , Yarosh Maria
Published: September 2020

Societies today face complex economic, political, and social challenges, many of them connected to the prevailing economic paradigm. Management teams that consider not only economic benefit but also the development of the well-being of the different stakeholders and of society in general are needed. This is called humanistic management, a trend business schools (BSs) can contribute to through a certain way of educating their students. To do so, BSs need to implement a competency-based learning (CBL) model that develops specific competencies. One of the ways BSs have used to deploy CBL has been through participation in Tuning projects. This research starts from an integrated model with criteria and indicators for analyzing the implementation of CBL in higher education institutions and operationalizes its dimensions. It then presents a methodological proposal to analyse the processes BSs have followed to implement CBL at different levels and in different contexts, using case study methodology.
An Analysis of Employer Perceptions of Business Graduate Competencies
Authors: Iqbal Adnan , Hakaraia Lawton
Published: September 2020

This exploratory study assesses employers' perceptions of the importance and competence levels of performing identified graduates' competencies in the New Zealand public sector. The tertiary education institutions in New Zealand are facing increasing demands from employers and stakeholders. The employers demand that the educational institutions today should provide relevant skillset needed by the current organisations. What kind of skillsets required by employers and what institutes are offering to their graduates, however, are yet to be determined. This study attempts to fill the gap in the literature by examining this in the New Zealand public sector. Therefore, this study will determine what employers' work perceptions are regarding skills needed versus what skills graduates actually bring to the workplace.
Organizational Climate and Strategic Leadership in Industry 4.0
Authors: Tetik Semra , Akkaya Bülent
Published: September 2020

Strategic leadership and organizational climate have been made more important by the Industry 4.0 revolution. Strategic leadership and organizational climate enable businesses to adapt easily to rapidly changing environmental conditions and innovations for sustainability. Therefore, the role of strategic leaders is important in creating an organizational climate to manage and implement strategic changes and also in the preparation and implementation of roadmap to design the future of the business in Industry 4. 0. This study aims to discuss the strategic leadership skills in creating the organizational climate in Industry 4.0. The authors found that there is a relationship between organizational climate and strategic leaders' skills in Industry 4.0. Understanding the relationship between the skills of strategic leaders and organizational climate is essential to uncovering the critical links to firm performance to get competitive advantage in Industry 4.0. Strategic leadership is a key interpreter of how climate of the organization links to the wider systems and requires leadership systems.
Sustainability and Competency-Based Learning at the University of Seville
Authors: Ruiz-Morales Jorge , Valderrama-Hernández Rocío , Limón-Domínguez Dolores , Solís-Espallargas Carmen
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyse the presence of sustainability in the curricula of the Science of Education at the University of Seville and to determine the perception of both teachers and students regarding sustainability competencies. The work forms part of the R+D+i “Training Project in Spanish Universities for Professionals as Agents of Change in Order to Meet the Challenges Facing Society” (EDINSOST). The methodology a case study, in which an analysis of the curriculum of the Bachelor Degree in Early Childhood Education, Primary Education, and Pedagogy has been conducted. Two questionnaires have been drawn up and four focus groups established in which a total of 61 teachers and 152 students have participated. The results show that there is a low presence of sustainability in the Science of Education courses, particularly in the Bachelor Degree in Primary Education. The teachers express the opinion that they have sustainable initiatives as well as an interest in ethical models. The students express a high degree of interest in receiving sustainability training.
Opportunities and Challenges of Using Mobile Applications for Workplace Health Promotion
Authors: Junker Maren , Böhm Markus , Edwards Frederik , Krcmar Helmut
Published: September 2020

Workplace health promotion (WHP) needs be adjusted to the new ways of working and improved in terms of participation rates. As mobile applications (apps) have proved to be effective in various health areas, it might also be a solution for WHP. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the requirements employees would have on such an app for WHP. Therefore, 29 semi-structured interviews were conducted with employees and experts of an IT company. Most employees were rather positive about such an app. Concerns were stated in terms of added value and data security. Variations were found in preferred functionalities. Apps might thus be effective for WHP but would need to add value compared to apps available for private usage. Additionally, clear communication about data privacy would be expected.
Making the Paper-to-Digital Shift in India
Authors: Jayaseelan R.  , Pichandy C.
Published: September 2020

This study explores the adoption of electronic health records system, an emerging technology, and its usage in the improvement of healthcare process in the Indian setting. Electronic health record (EHR) is a systematised digital version of a patient's complete medical history. It is a record containing all the aspects of patient care provided by physicians in a healthcare centre, maintained by the providers. Electronic health records system provides a means for improving healthcare standards, especially with regard to a developing nation. In the landscape of developing countries, like India, this technology evolution will bring major change by offering better healthcare services. The researchers through this study have called attention to examine the adoption of ICT, electronic health records system in particular, by medical doctors at their workspace applying TAM model.
Information Processing Systems in UAV Based on Bayesian Filtering in Conditions of Uncertainty
Authors: Galiautdinov Rinat
Published: September 2020

In this article, the author considers the possibility of applying modern IT technologies to implement information processing algorithms in UAV motion control system. Filtration of coordinates and motion parameters of objects under a priori uncertainty is carried out using nonlinear adaptive filters: Kalman and Bayesian filters. The author considers numerical methods for digital implementation of nonlinear filters based on the convolution of functions, the possibilities of neural networks and fuzzy logic for solving the problems of tracking UAV objects (or missiles), the math model of dynamics, the features of the practical implementation of state estimation algorithms in the frame of added additional degrees of freedom. The considered algorithms are oriented on solving the problems in real time using parallel and cloud computing.
Gillnetting for small indigenous cyprinids in a Sri Lankan reservoir where culture-based fisheries are practiced
Authors: Athukorala D. Ananda , Amarasinbghe Upali S.
Published: September 2020

In Sri Lankan reservoirs, small, indigenous fish species (SIS) are abundant and can be differentially exploited using small mesh (15-38 mm stretched mesh sizes) gillnets without any detrimental effects on the cichlid fisheries. However, in the recent past a paradigm shift in the reservoir fisheries of Sri Lanka is observed from total dependence on exotic cichlids to exploitation of exotic carps, stocked in reservoirs for the development of culture-based fisheries (CBF). As fingerlings of Chinese and Indian major carps and common carp are regularly stocked in reservoirs for the development of CBF, it is essential to investigate the potential impact of the use of small mesh gillnets to catch SIS on stocked fish fingerlings on CBF. In the present study, small mesh gillnets were used to exploit SIS during September 2011 to March 2013 when carp fingerlings were stocked in Chandrika wewa, Sri Lanka. The results revealed that no carp fingerlings (except 2 specimens of Indian carp species) were caught in any of the fishing trials with small mesh gillnets. As juvenile fish and stocked fish fingerlings occur in shallow littoral areas of reservoir, and as small mesh gillnets are laid at the depths ≥ 1.5 m, there is a habitat segregation of these two categories of fish. It is therefore possible to introduce a subsidiary fishery with small mesh gillnets to exploit SIS, which can co-exist with CBF in reservoirs of Sri Lanka.
The Role of the Lymphocyte-to-C-Reactive Protein Ratio in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Koseoglu Sabri , Unal Yasemin , Saruhan Ercan , Bek Vedat Semai , Kutlu Gulnihal
Published: September 2020

Context:

This was an investigation of inflammation markers on the prediction and prognosis of patients with sleep apnea.

Aims:

Clinical detection of inflammatory markers is useful to assess systemic inflammation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). The aim of the study was to evaluate whether the lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein (CRP) ratio (LCR) was a predictive marker in diagnosing and determining the severity of OSAS.

Settings and Design:

This was a retrospective clinical study.

Subjects and Methods:

One hundred and forty-one patients who had undergone polysomnography were included in the study. The sex, age, Apnea–Hypopnea Index (AHI), body mass index, and complete blood count parameters of the patients were recorded. AHI scores were used to classify the severity of OSAS.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Differences among the groups for each parameter were analyzed using Student's t-test and one-way analysis of variance with Tukey correction for normally distributed parameters and the Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis test for nonnormally distributed parameters. The correlation between LCR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, CRP, and AHI scores was assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient.

Results:

First, the patients were divided into four groups according to their AHI results, as control group, mild, moderate, and severe OSAS groups. The median LCR levels were 2.57 (1.59, 3.51) in the control group, 1.28 (0.74, 3.27) in Group 2, 1.63 (0.86, 2.6) in Group 3, and 1.05 (0.62, 2.31) in Group 4. In the comparison of all patients with OSAS and the control group, the median LCR level was 1.27 (0.7, 2.74) in patients with OSAS and 2.57 (1.59, 3.51) in the control group (P = 0.002).

Conclusions:

This study demonstrated that LCR is an important marker for systemic inflammation in patients with OSAS. LCR may be a new predictive marker in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with OSAS.
The Close Relation of Tic Disorders with Childhood Migraine and Atopic Background of Both Children and Mothers
Authors: Aksu Gülen Güler , Kütük Meryem Özlem , Tufan Ali Evren , Toros Fevziye , Uludüz Derya , Özge Aynur
Published: September 2020

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate primary headache disorders and other causative comorbidities (e.g., epilepsy, atopic disorders, recurrent abdominal pain, motion sickness, and headache) in children with tic disorders (TDs) and their mothers.

Materials and Methods:

In a multi-center, cross-sectional, familial association study using case–control design, youth (between 7 and 17 years) with TDs (TD, as per Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 criteria) and age- and sex-matched healthy controls and their mothers were evaluated in the aspect of functional syndromes spectrum including migraine, epilepsy, atopic disorders, motion sickness, and recurrent abdominal pain.

Results:

Seventy-nine youth with TD and 101 controls were included. Causative comorbidities, other than epilepsy and motion sickness were more common in children with TD with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.1 (atopy) and 3.9 (food allergy). Specifically, recurrent abdominal pain and migraine were found in 36.7% and 31.7% of children (vs. 18.8% and 16.8% of controls, ORs 2.5 and 2.3, respectively). Mothers of youth with TDs also have higher rates of atopy, drug allergy and allergic dermatitis (ORs; 3.8, 3.2 and 2.1; respectively).

Conclusion:

Results of recent studies suggest a possible link between atopic disorders, migraine, recurrent abdominal pain and TDs. Our results contribute to those studies and suggest that this relationship may extend to the mothers of children as well.
The 5G/6G enabled Future Internet of Things
Authors: Li Shancang
Published: September 2020

The advances in 5G, 6G, artificial intelligence (AI), edge computing, are expected to accelerate the future Internet of Things (FIoT) by providing intelligent, secure, and automatic connectivity for IoT services. However, there are still a number of challenges in FIoT needs to be addressed. This editorial introduces four key techniques solutions in 5G/6G communications, network model, network managements, and IoT applications in education.
Multi-bump analysis for Trudinger–Moser nonlinearities. I. Quantification and location of concentration points
Authors: Druet Olivier , Thizy Pierre-Damien
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we carefully investigate the blow-up behaviour of sequences of solutions of some elliptic PDE in dimension 2 containing a nonlinearity with Trudinger–Moser growth. A quantification result was obtained by the first author in [15] but many questions were left open. Similar questions were also explicitly asked in subsequent papers of Del Pino–Musso–Ruf [12],Malchiodi–Martinazzi [30] and Martinazzi [34]. We answer all of them, proving in particular that the blow-up phenomenon is very restrictive because of the strong interaction between bubbles in this equation. This work will have a sequel, giving results on existence of critical points of the associated functional at all energy levels via degree theory arguments, in the spirit of what was done for the Liouville equation in the beautiful work of Chen–Lin [8].
Isospectral reduction in infinite graphs
Authors: Duarte Pedro , Torres Maria Joana
Published: September 2020

L. A. Bunimovich and B. Z. Webb developed a theory for transforming a finite weighted graph while preserving its spectrum, referred as isospectral reduction theory. In this workwe extend this theory to a class of operators on Banach spaces that include Markov type operators. We apply this theory to infinite countable weighted graphs admitting a finite structural set to calculate the stationary measures of a family of countable Markov chains.
Ignition Delay Model Parameterization Using Single-Cylinder Engines Data
Authors: Kyler CeCe , Swarts Andre
Published: September 2020

The confluence of increasing fuel economy requirements and increased use of ethanol as a gasoline blend component has led to various studies into the efficiency and performance benefits of higher octane numbers and high ethanol content fuels in modern engines. As part of a comprehensive study of the autoignition of different fuels in both the CFR octane rating engine and a modern, direct injection, turbocharged spark-ignited engine, a series of fuel blends were prepared with varying composition, octane numbers and ethanol blend levels. The paper reports on the third part of this study where cylinder pressures were recorded for fuels under knocking conditions in both a single-cylinder research engine (SCE), utilizing a GM LHU head and piston, as well as the CFR engines used for octane ratings. In the SCE, spark timing and air-fuel ratios were adjusted to achieve a consistent level of knock based on peak-to-peak values of the filtered cylinder pressures, over a range of engine speeds and manifold air pressures. The CFR engines were operated at standard RON and MON test conditions, achieving standard knock intensities measured by the ASTM prescribed instrumentation. The ignition delay model was constructed from three Arrhenius reaction rate expressions with appropriate adjustments for deviations from stoichiometric conditions. Engine test results were used to firstly estimate the initial temperatures for fuels with known ignition delay parameters and secondly to estimate the ignition delay model parameters for unknown fuels.
Multi-Plane PIV Measurements in a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine
Authors: Shen Li , Willman Christopher , Stone Richard , Lockyer Thomas , Magnanon Rachel , Virelli Giuseppe
Published: September 2020

The flows in-cylinder have a profound effect on the mixture preparation and subsequent combustion in all engines. These flows are highly three-dimensional in nature and information from multiple planes is required to characterise the flow dynamics. The flow measurements reported here are from three orthogonal planes in an optical access engine that is based on the Jaguar Land Rover AJ200 Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) engine. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements have been taken every 5°CA from the start of induction to the end of compression. Data have been obtained from 300 cycles for separate experiments measuring flows in the tumble plane, the swirl plane and the cross-tumble plane. Vector comparison metrics are used to quantitatively compare ensemble averaged PIV flow fields to Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations across each plane in terms of both the velocity magnitude and direction. These quantitative metrics enable identification of regions of interest and differences in flow characteristics across a range of engine operating conditions. Combination of the PIV vector fields from all three planes into composite flow fields enables the interaction between the flows in the three planes to be visualised. During induction the intake jet is visible in all three planes, while the swirl plane measurements show a pair of counter-rotating vortices either side of the intake jet and the tumble plane shows the development of the tumble flow. During compression the center of the tumble vortex traverses the cylinder leading to flow reversal in the swirl and cross tumble measurement planes.
Bridging the Knock Severity Gap to CFR Octane Rating Engines
Authors: Swarts Andre , Kalaskar Vickey
Published: September 2020

It is widely acknowledged that the CFR octane rating engines are not representative of modern engines and that there is a gap in the quantification of knock severity between the two engine types. As part of a comprehensive study of the autoignition of different fuels in both the CFR octane rating engines and a modern, direct injection, turbocharged spark-ignited engine, a series of fuel blends were tested with varying composition, octane numbers and ethanol blend levels. The paper reports on the fourth part of this study where cylinder pressures were recorded under standard knock conditions in CFR engines under RON and MON conditions using the ASTM prescribed instrumentation. By the appropriate signal conditioning of the D1 detonation pickups on the CFR engines, a quantification of the knock severity was possible that had the same frequency response as a cylinder pressure transducer. The D1 signals were able to provide knock information far beyond the ASTM knock intensity readings and could rank the test fuels according to their expected real-world knock performance as measured by the magnitude of pressure oscillations. The paper suggests a pathway to combine standard octane ratings - needed to ensure backward compatibility of measurement - with minor additi0onal signal conditioning that will provide a forward-looking bridge between octane number tests and real-world knock severity.
Knock Mitigation Effectiveness of EGR across the Pressure-Temperature Domain
Authors: Szybist James
Published: September 2020

Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) has been shown to enable efficiency improvements in SI engines through multiple different mechanisms, including decreasing the knock propensity at high load, which allows higher compression ratio. While many of the benefits of EGR are applicable to both low and high power density engines, including reductions in pumping work and improved specific heat ratio, the knock benefits and corresponding compression ratio increases have been limited to low power density naturally aspirated engines primarily intended for hybrid vehicle architectures. An earlier study [1] indicated that there may be a kinetic limitation for the ability of EGR to mitigate knock under these conditions, but that study only considered a small number of conditions. This investigation expands on that study while also providing data for model validation for the new light-duty combustion consortium from the U.S. Department of Energy: Partnership for Advancing Combustion Engines (PACE). In this investigation, the effectiveness of EGR to mitigate knock is studied with regards to the effect of engine speed (1,500 and 3,000 rpm), changing trajectory in the pressure-temperature domain by varying the intake manifold temperature (35, 60, and 90 deg C), and by considering the effect of minor species by studying the effect of untreated EGR vs. EGR that has been treated by an automotive three-way catalyst. Additionally, to increase the relevance of these data for future modeling studies, the performance of the full boiling range gasoline was compared relative to a surrogate formulation. The study found that the fuel surrogate performs well, confirmed the kinetic limitations of EGR to mitigate knock under boost, and showed improvements in EGR performance with catalyzed EGR.
Internal Diesel Injector Deposit Chemical Speciation and Quantification Using 3D OrbiSIMS and XPS Depth Profiling
Authors: Lamb Joseph S. , Barker Jim , Wilmot Edward , Scurr David J. , Snape Colin E. , Smith Emily F. , Alexander Morgan R. , Reid Jacqueline
Published: September 2020

The impact of internal diesel injector deposits (IDIDs) on engine performance, efficiency and emissions remains a major concern in the automotive industry. This has been compounded in recent years by fuel injection equipment developments and changes to diesel fuel towards ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) and biodiesel as well as the introduction of new fuels such as hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO). Prevention and mitigation of such deposit formation requires an understanding of the formation process, which demands a chemical explanation. The chemistry of these deposits therefore remains a key research interest to the industry using the latest analytical methodologies to inform and build further on previous investigations. In this work, 3D OrbiSIMS analysis using a time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometer (ToF-SIMS) with hybrid OrbitrapTM functionality has been employed for chemical speciation and depth profiling of IDIDs in-situ on two injector needle samples from field failures in China and Eastern USA. The instrument’s soft gas cluster ion beam (GCIB) and high mass resolution enables unequivocal identification of chemistries from several classes of compounds. Here, chemistries identified include alkylbenzene sulfonates, zinc oxides, sodium and calcium salts, carboxylic acids, carbonaceous/polyaromatic hydrocarbons and metal substrate related material. With depth profiling, the distributions of these materials are traced throughout the deposit thickness. Given the semi-quantitative nature of SIMS data, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) depth profiling using an argon GCIB has also been employed to provide parallel data of atomic concentration through the deposit thickness. This data is complementary to SIMS as it places the chemical information in a quantitative context, most notably showing that despite the extreme intensities of salt material in the SIMS data, carbon is the main element throughout both IDIDs. Together the techniques show in general the more functionalized chemistries are at the deposit surface, with underlying salt layers and innermost layers of more amorphous organic material. These techniques represent a new method of comprehensive IDID characterization that affords diagnostic chemical information alongside elemental quantification, thus complementing previous studies.
Comparison of the Diffusive Flame Structure for Dodecane and OME
X
Fuels for Conditions of Spray A of the ECN
Authors: Pastor Jose V. , Garcia-Oliver Jose M , Micó Carlos , Tejada Francisco J.
Published: September 2020

A comparison of the flame structure for two different fuels, dodecane and oxymethylene dimethyl ether (OMEX), has been performed under condition of Spray A of the Engine Combustion Network (ECN). The experiments were carried out in a constant pressure vessel with wide optical access, at high pressure and temperature and controlled oxygen concentration. The flame structure analysis has been performed by measuring the formaldehyde and OH radical distributions using planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) techniques. To complement the analysis, this information was combined with that obtained with high-speed imaging of OH* chemiluminescence radiation in the UV. Formaldehyde molecules are excited with the 355-nm radiation from the third harmonic of a Nd:YAG laser, whilst OH is excited with a wavelength of 281.00-nm from a dye laser. In both cases, the beam was transformed into a laser sheet in order to excite an axial flame plane and the fluorescence radiation was collected with an intensified camera (ICCD) and proper filtering. Consequently, two-dimensional maps in the axial flame plane were obtained at different instants after the start of injection (ASOI). Signal from both formaldehyde and OH chemical species can be compared, in order to analyze spatial distribution and interaction. When dodecane and OMEX are compared, several differences arise. The second one presents larger lift-off length but remarkably shorter flame length. Additionally, it has been possible to appreciate for this fuel a lower amount of soot formation during combustion.
Ideal Distance of Commands on EASYVR for Smart House Control
Authors: Iqbal Achmad , Risfendra Risfendra
Published: September 2020

In the recent years, technology make everything to do easier. Home automation is the system otomatization for smart home. This project aims to design an automatic system tool for smart home using arduino mega 2560 as a central controller, easyVR as sound processor, driver relay and power supply. After testing, the result of this project shows a design which able to control electronics at home using audio censor. The result shows that overall function is quite well and need about 2 seconds for activated load.
Designing an Information System to Support Implementation of The Retrieval Practice Method
Authors: Winoto Witarto Adi , Kumala Irvania Sukma
Published: September 2020

The Retrieval Practice method was developed based on a memory model. In this study, the characteristics of deep rehearsal, including semantic processing accompanied by pictures are the basis for making quiz questions. The application of the Retrieval Practice method requires the support of Information Systems. Focus Group Discussions discuss aspects of repetition in learning. The aim of supporting the application of the Retrieval Practice method is expected to be able to improve student competencies, especially in terms of maturing students' knowledge and understanding. Data is measured from testing semester 2-2018 and semester 1-2019. Conclusion: Cognitive understanding for teachers will help students understand knowledge, understanding, analysis and synthesis into their memories.

Metode Retrieval Practice dikembangkan berdasarkan model memori. Dalam penelitian ini, karakteristik deep rehearsal, termasuk pemrosesan semantik yang disertai gambar adalah dasar untuk membuat pertanyaan kuis. Penerapan metode Retrieval Practice memerlukan dukungan Sistem Informasi. Diskusi Kelompok Terfokus membahas aspek pengulangan dalam pembelajaran. Tujuan mendukung penerapan metode Retrieval Practice ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kompetensi mahasiswa terutama dalam hal mematangkan  pengetahuan dan pemahaman para mahasiswa. Data diukur dari pengujian semester 2-2018 dan Semester 1-2019. Kesimpulan : pemahaman kognitif bagi dosen akan membantu mahasiswa memahami pengetahuan, pemahaman, analisis dan sintesis ke dalam ingatan mereka.
Numerical Analysis Effect of Home Roof Design Towards Thermal Comfort of Occupants
Authors: Juliadi Denda Afri , Lapisa Remon , Purwantono Purwantono , Nurdin Hendri
Published: September 2020

The cool room temperature is a requirement in the thermal comfort of a building. In earthquake prone areas, building structures should be designed with minimal material weight. Therefore, it is necessary to be aware of an alternative solution to ensure the room's thermal comfort with minimal weight. This research aims to analyze the influence of roof slope 15O, 20O, 25O, 30O, 35O, 40O, and 45O on the comfort of the room and the strength of the building in the house measuring 6 meters x 8 meters x 3 meters. Analysis is done with three software that is SketchUp as a design, CONTAM to analyze air pressure and TRNSYS to simulate all the data that has been created in SketchUp and CONTAM. Obtained the lowest temperature at a roof slope of 45O and the lowest weight is the roof with a 15O slope.

Temperatur ruangan yang sejuk merupakan syarat dalam kenyamanan termal sebuah bangunan. Di kawasan rawan gempa, struktur bangunan harus dirancang dengan bobot material yang minimal. Oleh karena itu, perlu dicarikan solusi alternatif untuk menjamin kenyaman termal ruangan dengan bobot yang minimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa pengaruh kemiringan atap 15o, 20o, 25o, 30o, 35o, 40o, dan 45o terhadap kenyamanan ruangan serta kekuatan bangunan pada rumah berukuran 6 meter x 8 meter x 3 meter. Analisa dilakukan dengan tiga software yaitu SketchUp sebagai perancangan, CONTAM untuk menganalisa tekanan udara serta TRNSYS untuk menyimulasikan semua data yang telah di buat pada SketchUp dan CONTAM. Didapatkan hasil suhu terendah berada pada  kemiringan atap 45 o dan bobot terendah adalah atap dengan  kemiringan 15o.
Build Design Of Electric Bike As Energy Efficient Transportation
Authors: Pareza Sundhy , Purwantono Purwantono , Lapisa Remon , Primawati Primawati
Published: September 2020

The issue of global warming is very strong in the force in the procession, the damage caused by global warming is very influential in the survival of living beings. The methods performed in this study are experimental methods. The experiments performed were to make a design and to become a unity so that it formed a tool of electric bicycle transportation that can be used well. This thesis author devise and assemble electric bicycle using DC electric motor 24 Volt 250 Watt and 3000 rpm. The power system used is 24 Volt 12 Ampere battery. From the results of the test and analysis of data that has been taken on the electric bicycle obtained data of the average speed obtained by the electric bike with a load of 78 = 4.94 m/s, load 83 = 4.59 m/s, load 88 = 4.25 m/s, power output to drive electric bicycle with load 78 = 266.679 Watt, load 83 = 263.810 Watt, load 88 = 258.984 Watt.

Isu pemanasan global sangat kuat di gencar disuarakan, kerusakan yang disebabkan pemanasan global sangat berpengaruh pada kelangsungan hidup makluk hidup. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen. Eksperimen yang dilakukan adalah membuat sebuah rancangan dan merakitnya menjadi suatu kesatuan sehingga terbentuk sebuah alat transportasi sepeda listrikyang dapat digunakan dengan baik. Skripsi ini penulis merancang dan merakit sepeda listrik dengan menggunakan motor listrik DC 24 Volt 250 Watt dan 3000 rpm. Sistem daya yang digunakan adalah baterai 24 Volt 12 Ampere. Dari hasil pengujian dan analisis data yang telah diambil pada sepeda listrik didapatkan data berupa kecepatan rata-rata yang didapatkan sepeda listrik dengan beban 78 = 4,94 m/s, beban 83 = 4,59 m/s, beban 88 = 4,25 m/s, daya output untuk menggerakkan sepeda listrik  dengan beban 78 = 266,679 Watt, beban 83 = 263,810 Watt, beban 88 = 258,984 Watt.
Auto-amputated Ovarian Cyst with Compression Sequelae: A Case Report
Authors: Mirza Bilal
Published: September 2020

Ovarian  cysts  contribute  a  major  share  of  cystic  lesions in  fetal  life. Quite often, these cysts are benign and resolve spontaneously. Occasionally, these cysts can twist, resulting in ovarian loss. We report a case of auto-amputated ovarian cyst presetting with intestinal obstruction.
A Peculiar Cause for Metabolic Acidosis in the Newborn
Authors: Kisku Sundeep , Sen Sudipta , Thomas Reju Joseph , Dastidar Arindam , Thomas Niranjan
Published: September 2020

Metabolic acidosis is often encountered in a sick neonate and intestinal duplication with heterotopic gastric mucosa is a well-established condition.  We present a previously unreported relationship between neonatal metabolic acidosis, resulting from transperitoneal absorption of hydrochloric acid, and a ruptured non- communicating ileal duplication cyst with gastric mucosal heterotopia. The neonate recovered rapidly after resection of the ileal duplication. We present this case to highlight a rare but surgically correctable cause of neonatal metabolic acidosis.
Ciudadanía, poder político y movimientos sociales en la universidad
Authors: Palta Velasco Willian Fredy
Published: September 2020

La universidad como escenario formativo tiene hoy una responsabilidad ineludible de trascender los discursos hegemónicos y afrontar con compromiso ético y político los desafíos sociales que le exige el contexto actual. Es por esto que el presente artículo es una reflexión en torno al desafío de la universidad en la desarrollo de una ciudadanía activa y participativa que permita la consolidación de escenarios de paz y reconciliación. En este sentido, se pretende abordar el interrogante: ¿cómo la educación responde al desafío de la consolidación de una ciudadanía comunitaria, participativa, democrática y pacífica? Se apuesta en el texto por resaltar la importancia de la universidad como escenario propicio para los procesos de los movimientos sociales que a partir de una visión de poder comunitaria consensual permita la consolidación de democracias participativas que promueva las transformaciones sociales.
استخدام طريقة حل المشكلات لترقية قدرة الطلبة على قراءة النصوص العربية (البحث التجريبي بمعهد دار العلوم العصري ببندا أتشيه)
Authors: Fachrurrazi
Published: September 2020

Reading is the third language skill of the four main skills, namely Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing skills. The Qiraatul Kutub is one of lessons though for fourth and fifth grade students (first and second year of high school) at Dayah Modern Darul ‘Ulum Banda Aceh. And the researcher intends to research about the حل المشكلات method and effects of its application to the teaching of Qiraatul Kutub’s lesson to students in this school, so that the researchers can find out that this method is effective or not effective to the teaching of Qiraatul Kutub’s lessons. This study used a quasi-experimental method. Researchers took samples 50 students, namely 25 students of class 5-a as the experimental group and 25 students of class 5-b as  the control group. And the research’s instrument is Interview, Observation and Test (pre test-post test). The study results showed that The use of the حل المشكلات method is effective for students in learning of Qiraatul Kutub’s lesson. It was shown by the result of the t-test = 4,2 is greater than 2,021 results (0,05).
أسلوب النداء وتعليلاته النحوية
Authors: Danial Jamal
Published: September 2020

In Arabic, every sentence containing certain expression has a unique pattern that is different from one another. And what is more unique is the reasoning aspect, where the reasoning aspect seems complicated, so it tends to be considered insignificant dan ignored. Amongst the expressions in Arabic which are full of unique patterns and their reasoning side are calling expressions (Uslub al-Nidaâ€™). The purpose of this paper is to reveal the uniqueness of the patterns contained in the calling expressions in Arabic along with the reasoning aspect which sometimes makes the Native Arabic Speakers moreover Non-Arabic Speakers trapped in some errors and confusion in saying them.
KOMUNIKASI LEMAH LEMBUT DALAM STUDI HADITS
Authors: M. Dahlan Hanif
Published: September 2020

Gentleness has the virtues that adorn greetings and actions so that it can bring good and reward. The purpose of writing this article is to describe the virtues of gentleness towards fellow humans and animals based on Islamic teachings in the context of hadith studies. The writing of this article uses a library research approach. Data collection techniques are carried out by collecting data about meek communication sourced from the Koran, hadiths, commentaries, journals and relevant books. Data collected from various literatures are analyzed and analyzed so as to find a conclusion about the concept of meek communication in the context of hadith studies. Meek nature is very important to be applied in daily life both forhumans and animals. Meekness is highly recommended in relationships even with people who do not do good to us. The application of a meek attitude in life will create unity and unity, prevent division and hostility and the establishment of harmonious relationships that lead to the creation of peace and social integration based on Islamic values.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS PENEGAKAN HUKUM MALPRAKTIK DOKTER PADA PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PIDANA
Authors: Handoyo Budi
Published: September 2020

The problem of malpractice committed by doctors and medical personnel in health care is an act that is very detrimental to the patient in conducting treatment can result in worsening medical conditions, or death of a patient. Errors in carrying out the medical profession will form criminal liability. Therefore, it is necessary to have a special legal certainty in the health sector to provide legal justice for injured patients. the research used is normative juridical research or normative law. The approach taken is, the law approach, case approach and conceptual approach. Based on the results of the discussion, it was found that the process of criminal law enforcement for medical malpractice cases is regulated in Article 360 paragraph (1) and (2) of the Criminal Code which contains elements of negligence (kulpa) of doctors or medical personnel. To provide a stronger guarantee of legal certainty, law enforcement for medical malpractice and health workers is regulated in Law No. 36 of 2009 concerning Health and Law No. 36 of 2014 concerning Health Workers.
Students Reading Comprehension through Scanning Technique
Authors: Zainal Abidin Asriana
Published: September 2020

This article reviews how scanning technique contributes to reading comprehension. Reading comprehension is defined as the process by which a person derives meaning from print. Scanning is a device used to locate details. Scanning means glancing rapidly through the text either to search for a specific piece of information The differences of students reading comprehension after treatment are influenced by treatment given to them. It was proven by the result of previous research statistical data analysis which indicated to the students’ progress. teaching reading by using scanning technique can increase students’ reading achievement.