bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolution of biological therapy for psoriasis: realities and prospects
Authors: Fayzullina E. V. , Marsina A. R. , Khismatulina Irina , Zinatulina G. M.
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCTION: Psoriasis is a common multifactorial chronic dermatosis. Despite numerous studies, its pathogenesis is still not fully understood. Currently, great importance is given to disorders in the regulation of the immune system. Knowledge of the key links of pathogenesis, the main cytokines allow us to purposefully act on them, leading to a stop in the cascade of immune-mediated inflammation reactions. It is for the treatment of psoriasis in dermatology that biological drugs were first used.
AIM: is to assess the development of theoretical and practical approaches to the use of biological drugs for the treatment of psoriasis. The analysis of literature data is carried out. We studied the sources of Russian and foreign literature on the biological therapy of psoriasis, published from 2004 to 2019.
RESULTS: Based on a systematic assessment of the experience of clinical use of biological therapy of psoriasis, the historical aspects of improving the points of application of drugs are studied. The first drugs were targeted by T cells, which were assigned a leading role in the development of psoriasis, then by pro-inflammatory cytokines: TNFa, later -- IL-12 and IL-23. However, uncontrolled inhibition of the basic components of the immune defense could lead to side effects in the form of reactivation of infectious processes in the body, a decrease in antitumor activity. Modern drugs have become highly selective, their point of application is inhibition of the A-17 receptor. An assessment of the evolution of medicines registered in the Russian Federation and in the United States was carried out.
CONCLUSION: A comparative assessment of the therapeutic response to biological therapy according to the PASI index showed that the netakimab as well as secucinumab and icsecizumab demonstrates low immunogenicity and high therapeutic effect in patients with severe forms of psoriasis.
Psychogenic dysuria
Authors: Shishkov Valery V. , Kokurenkova Polina A. , Ilyichev Alexey B. , Grechanyy Severin V. , Pozdnyak Vera V. , Khutoryanskaya Yulia V.
Published: April 2021

The causes of dysuria can be different, moreover, cases of psychogenic dysuria are not casuistry in general medical practice. Such patients complain of increased urination (pollakiuria), urinary incontinence (enuresis), urinary retention, or loss of urination. As a rule, for the first time, such patients turn to a pediatrician (therapist), then to a urologist who, after a comprehensive examination, excludes any organic violation of the genitourinary system. Psychogenic dysuria can be noted in the structure of general neurosis, be a somatoform disorder, or be a neurotic (usually conversion) monosymptom. Hysterical (conversion) disorders, by definition, are not simulative, but manipulative, representing either a way to draw attention to your person, which is typical for females, or being a kind of unconscious way out of a hopeless from the patients point of view situation, as it was in this case. For the same reasons, the treatment of patients with hysteria remains one of the most difficult problems, requiring the involvement of a specialized specialist a psychotherapist or psychiatrist. Integrative psychotherapy (rational, behavioral and suggestive) is quite effective here, however, long-term treatment is usually required to achieve a good effect. Which consists of consultation with confrontational and paradoxical techniques, and the way out of such a confrontation is usually the same behavioral therapy and 510 sessions of hypnotherapy. The given clinical example is of scientific and practical interest, since the full effect was achieved after the first consultation and one session of hypnotic suggestive therapy.
Secondary correction of infertility and oncophobia by means of psychological intervention (clinical case description)
Authors: Salekhov Said A.
Published: April 2021

The analysis of psychological correction for post-traumatic stress disorder and progressive chronic psychological stress was carried out. Strategy of the first consultation was based on the principle of A.A. Ukhtomsky, the theory of functional systems by P.K. Anokhin, A. Maslows pyramid of needs, taking into account the hierarchy of emotional stress and cognitive function in the structure of PS, social immobilization and the characteristics of the energy supply of the central nervous system. An algorithm for psychological counseling was developed: 1. Provocation to ensure an intense emotional reaction of suppressed aggression to a stimulus (NLP) under the control of the psychological and physiological state (NLP calibration, lie verification and profiling). 2. Inhibition of the activity of the limbic system and zeroing of emotional stress with the use of pattern interrupt (short-term confusion), followed by breathing control under conditions of transient hypoxia and overload of the representative systems. 3. Conducting resource-relaxation trance (Ericksonian hypnosis). 4. Post-hypnotic suggestion, cognitive analysis and embedding of new patterns of behavior and response to stress. 5. Teaching the method of zeroing emotional stress and reaction to external stimuli. Within 3 weeks after a single consultation, emotional stress disappeared, relations in the professional sphere normalized (transferred to a more prestigious job with a slight increase in salary), friendly relations with a neighbor-friend were restored, and mutual understanding was reached with parents. At the same time, against the background of regression of uterine hypertonicity, the painful formation in the pelvic cavity, perceived as an oncological pathology, disappeared, and the woman got pregnant.
The history of emergence and development of medical genetics in Russia
Authors: Gorbunova Viktoriya N. , Polishchuk Anatoly M.
Published: April 2021

The early years of human genetics in Russia were distinguished by a pronounced interest in eugenics, pioneering methodological achievements in human cytogenetics, systematic studies of the contribution of heredity to the development of multifactorial diseases, the physical and mental human characteristics. The vast scientific infrastructure in genetics that had developed by the mid-1930s was demolished in a series of political decisions beginning with the campaigns to eradicate eugenic ideas and ending with the notorious 1948 VASKhNIL session, which entailed a complete ban on the genetics. For almost 25 years, key to the development of this science throughout the world, its progress in Russia was first completely frozen, and then retarded profoundly. The revival of medical genetics went in different ways, by virtue of many prominent specialists in various fields of human genetics, formed before the era of repression. New scientific schools were founded by them and their disciples. Despite the enormous gap in the level of domestic and world genetics, which lagged even after the ban was lifted, a series of important works in the field of radiation mutagenesis, population genetics, cytogenetics, as well as a number of world class achievements in the field of biochemical genetics and the study of metabolic diseases, should be noted. Gradually, as the state recognized the importance of genetics for medicine, an extensive medical genetic service arose in the countrys healthcare system. The conditional point of the final rehabilitation of medical genetics can be recognized in the emergence of departments of this discipline in medical schools throughout the country in the late 1980s. Despite the gap, still persisting between the worlds level of medical genetic science and the current state of it in our country, this gap has significantly reduced nowadays.
Propaganda and illegal advertising of drugs: issues of improving Russian legislation
Authors: Stepanova Olga Yu.
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted a current issue in contemporary Russia: the propaganda and advertising of drugs. One of the priorities of the state today is the fight against drug trafficking, an important component of which is the involvement of minors in the use and distribution of prohibited substances and drugs, including narcotic drugs. Methods of distribution and promotion of drugs are constantly improving and the Internet is the most accessible and popular among them. The drug trade is now fully global, and one of the most common ways to interact and implement its goals of distribution and universal access is the worldwide internet. Today, the internet has a billion registered users of all ages, genders, etc. The internet is an area where the mechanisms of state regulation are far from perfect.

The author analyzes statistical data of registered offenses under article 6.13 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation and considers proposals, including legislative initiatives, aimed at implementing the decree of the President of the Russian Federation, which indicates the need to develop strict legal measures to prevent and punish actions aimed at promoting and advertising drugs. The author proposes to make changes to the domestic criminal legislation by adding a new norm providing for punishment for the acts in question. Pro-drug propaganda and advertising are also addressed.
On the subject of the prosecutor's activities for the judicial protection of public interests in the use and protection of specially protected natural areas
Authors: Berdinskikh Svetlana V.
Published: April 2021

The prosecutor's judicial protection of public interests in the use and protection of specially protected natural areas is a cross-functional, complex, non-inspection area of the prosecutorial activity. The conceptual apparatus of activity is currently not fully formed. The key concept is the subject of activity, the correct understanding of which depends on the correct setting of goals, tasks, and the effective implementation of the powers granted to the prosecutor. The author, on the basis of the established approaches to understanding the subject matter of prosecutorial activity, the concept of a single and general subject matter of activity, and the objectives of the proceedings, formulated a single subject matter of the prosecutor's activity for the judicial protection of public interests in the use and protection of specially protected natural areas. It includes the protection of public interest regarding the use and protection of specially protected natural areas, compliance with the laws of acts (omissions) and decisions of persons, including persons involved in the case, the legality and validity of court decisions in order to actually eliminate the revealed violations of law on specially protected natural areas, compensation for harm, and ensuring the inevitability of punishment of violators.
In addition, the general subject of the prosecutor's activities to protect public interests in the use and protection of specially protected natural areas in general consists of the subject of prosecutorial supervision over the implementation of the Constitution and laws of the Russian Federation, including laws concerning specially protected natural areas, the subject of prosecutor's supervision at the pre-trial stage of criminal proceedings, the subject matter of participation in the consideration by the courts of cases in all types of proceedings for the protection of public interests in the use and protection of protected persons, the subject of supervision of the enforcement of laws by bailiffs by administrations of institutions and bodies, enforcing punishment, in the execution of court decisions in cases of violations in the field of the use and protection of protected persons, the subject of coordination, and subjects of participation in law-making activities.
Convergence or conflict: about the influence of digital and information technology on culture
Authors: Gaivoronskaya Yana V. , Martianov Nikita R.
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study is to expose possible trends in the influence on culture of digital and information technologies alongside the trends of the reverse influence of society on the development and application of these technologies. The authors analyze the changes taking place in the sphere of culture under the influence of the rapid development and adoption of informational and digital technologies. The hypothesis is formulated of the possible patterns of interaction in the digital culture system. In their conclusion, the authors define the main trends in the influence of new technologies on culture in general.
The influence of the destructive internet content on the legal awareness of the youth
Authors: Gaivoronskaya Yana V. , Karimova Yulia I.
Published: April 2021

The paper analyzes the ways in which destructive internet content influences the legal awareness of youth. Young people use the Internet most actively, so they are the most subject to the influence of both positive and negative internet trends. Various means of legal education will be inefficient if the character and learning styles of the younger generation are not taken into consideration. The authors define the specifics of the perception of the information by Generation Z, aka zoomers. Also, they briefly survey some features of internet content, especially those that are significant for perceptual psychology. The authors draw conclusions about trends in the sphere of education, as well as offer some recommendations about how to use the knowledge of the specifics of Generation Z in the legal education process
Selected aspects of social danger of crime theory
Authors: Guzeeva Olga S.
Published: April 2021

The question of social danger, its criteria and structure, is literally central in the doctrine of crime. There are tens, if not hundreds, of works devoted to this topic. Despite this, social danger still remains one of the most controversial areas of criminal law theory, and an underexamined field of study.

The conclusion about the danger of a crime is the result of legislative consideration of many factors, which only provide a basis for criminalization. It should be obvious that each of these components can and should be independently assessed for public danger. Only in their totality can an act and its consequences be integrated into a general conclusion about the danger of a crime bia separate assessments of the danger of an individual. Among these factors, an act as a consciously volitional unlawful behavior of a person plays a special role. The act and its danger are an independent subject of assessment by the legislator and law enforcement body; the assessment of the danger of the act and the assessment of the danger of the crime are different types of assessment practice.
Análise do Consumo da Carne de Peixe em Campo Grande - MS
Authors: Almeida Anderson Ribeiro de , Batista Carla Maiga Crivelli , Souza Celso Correa de , Frainer Daniel Massen
Published: April 2021

ResumoEsta pesquisa buscou levantar informações visando oferecer subsídios para o desenvolvimento de estratégias mercadológicas para o aumento do consumo de carne de peixe em Campo Grande - MS. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo de caráter exploratório descritiva, por meio da aplicação de um questionário estruturado aplicado a uma amostra aleatória de 404 indivíduos adultos. O questionário buscou identificar o perfil, os hábitos, as atitudes e as preferências, a percepção e o grau de importância, por parte do consumidor, em relação ao consumo de carne de peixe. Constatou-se que a carne de peixe é muito apreciada pelo campo-grandense, principalmente, pelas mulheres (59%). A faixa etária que mais aprecia a carne de peixe está situada entre 31 e 40 anos e renda familiar entre 2 a 4 salários-mínimos. A carne de peixe aparece em terceiro lugar no ranking das preferências. As espécies mais preferidas são pela ordem: pacú (piaractus mesopotamicus), pintado (pseudoplatystoma corruscans), dourado (salminus brasiliensis) e sardinha (Sardinella janeiro). Para aumentar o consumo de carne de peixe são necessárias ações de marketing, que informem aos consumidores sobre a importância nutricional dessa carne, bem como os benefícios que o seu consumo traz para a saúde e aumentar a oferta e a variedade do produto e baixar o seu preço.
Palavras-chave: Comportamento do Consumidor. Consumidor de Peixe. Estratégias Mercadológicas.
AbstractThis research sought to raise information aiming at offering subsidies for the marketing strategies development for increasing fish meat consumption in Campo Grande city, MS. A descriptive exploratory field survey was conducted through the application of a structured questionnaire applied to a random sample of 404 adult individuals from that city. The questionnaire sought to identify the profile, habits, attitudes and preferences, perception and degree of importance on the part of the consumer in relation to the fish meat consumption. It was observed that fish meat is highly appreciated in Campo Grande city, about 59% are women who showed a higher preference for this type of meat, the age group that most appreciates fish meat is between 31 and 40 years old and family income between 2 and 4 minimum wages. The fish meat appears in third place in the ranking of preferences. The most preferred species are in the order: pacú (piaractus mesopotamicus), pintado (pseudoplatystoma corruscans), dourado (salminus brasiliensis) e sardinha (Sardinella janeiro). To increase the fish meat consumption in Campo Grande, marketing actions are necessary, as well as the benefits that its consumption brings to health. It is also necessary to increase the product supply and variety and lower its price.
Keywords: Consumer Behavior. Fish Consumer. Marketing Strategies.
Maestros en Formación Leen e Interpretan Gráficos Estadísticos
Authors: Salcedo Audy , González Jesús , Sarco Lira Amalio , González Johnnalid
Published: April 2021

ResumenEl objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar cómo maestros en formación leen e interpretan gráficos estadísticos. Los gráficos estadísticos son uno de los instrumentos que se utiliza para hacer llegar información de diversos temas a los ciudadanos. Los futuros maestros tienen una doble necesidad de leer e interpretar gráficos estadísticos, por su actuación como ciudadano común y como docente por la responsabilidad de enseñarlos en la escuela. A partir de una pregunta de PISA se construyó un cuestionario de cuatro preguntas. El cuestionario fue respondido por 77 maestros en formación que ya habían cursado la asignatura de estadística de su carrera. Las respuestas fueron analizadas y clasificadas, considerando la respuesta proporcionada y el argumento utilizado para justificarla. Los resultados indican que los docentes en formación logran un mejor rendimiento en la lectura literal de los datos del gráfico y su interpretación podría estar sesgadas por posiciones personales. Aunque cursaron estadística con profesores diferentes, los grupos se comportan de manera homogénea respecto a las respuestas del cuestionario. Eso puede significar que ellos fueron expuestos a estrategias similares de enseñanza y evaluación de los contenidos de gráficos estadísticos. Probablemente sea necesaria revisar esas estrategias.
Palabras-clave: Gráficos Estadísticos. Maestros en Formación. Representación de Datos. Alfabetización Estadística. Matemáticas Educación Primaria.
AbstractThe objective of this research was to analyze how prospective teachers read and interpret statistical graphs. Statistical graphics are one of the instruments used to deliver information on various topics to citizens. Future teachers have a double need to read and interpret statistical graphs, for their performance as a common citizen and as a teacher for the responsibility of teaching them at school. From one question of PISA evaluation a poll with four questions was built. The questionnaire was answered by 77 prospective teachers who had already completed the statistics course at undergraduate course. The answers were analyzed and categorized considering the answer provided and the argument they used to justify it. The results indicate that future teachers achieve a better performance in literal reading of the data in graphs as their interpretation could be biased by personal believes. Although they have studied statistics with different teachers, the groups behave homogeneously with respect to the questionnaire responses. This may mean that they were exposed to similar strategies for teaching and evaluating the contents of statistical graphics. These strategies will might need to be reviewed.
Keywords: Statistical Graphs. Prospective Teachers. Data Representation. Statistical Literacy. Mathematics Primary Education.
Uso de Gráficos Estatísticos por Futuros Professores dos Primeiros Anos na Realização de Trabalhos de Projeto
Authors: Fernandes José António , Martinho Maria Helena , Gonçalves Gabriela
Published: April 2021

ResumoNeste artigo analisam-se os gráficos estatísticos contruídos por estudantes, futuros professores dos primeiros anos escolares, no âmbito da realização de trabalhos de projeto de natureza investigativa. Os gráficos estatísticos são uma componente importante da literacia estatística ao possibilitarem representar e extrair informação que, por sua vez, permitem resumir, generalizar e revelar tendências nos dados representados. Participaram no estudo 56 estudantes do 2.º ano do curso de Licenciatura em Educação Básica, de uma universidade do Norte de Portugal, sendo a sua formação matemática à entrada na universidade muito variada. Para a realização dos trabalhos de projeto os estudantes organizaram-se em pequenos grupos, sendo os dados usados na investigação, ou seja, os gráficos estatísticos, obtidos a partir dos relatórios dos trabalhos de projeto elaborados pelos respetivos grupos. Em termos de resultados do estudo, destaca-se que os estudantes recorreram, sobretudo, a gráficos de barras (simples e múltiplos) e gráficos circulares para representarem os dados, maioritariamente relativos a variáveis estatísticas qualitativas. Já as dificuldades dos estudantes na construção dos gráficos não foram comuns a muitos estudantes, salientando-se a união das barras nos gráficos de barras, o uso de gráficos de linhas para representar dados de variáveis qualitativas e a ausência de etiquetas nos gráficos.
Palavras-chave: Gráficos Estatísticos. Trabalhos de Projeto. Futuros Professores. Primeiros Anos Escolares.
AbstractIn this article are analysed the statistical graphs constructed by students, prospective primary school teachers, in the scope of carrying out investigative project works. Statistical graphs are an important component of statistical literacy as they make it possible to represent and extract information that, in turn, allows to summarize, generalize and reveal trends in the data represented. 56 students from the 2nd year of the Basic Education Degree course, from a university in Northern of Portugal, participated in the study, with a mathematical training at university entering very varied. To carry out the project work, the students were organized in small groups and the data used in the investigation, that is, the statistical graphs, were obtained from the reports of the project works prepared by the respective groups. In terms of the results of the study, it is noteworthy that students used, above all, bar graphs (single and multiple) and pie charts to represent the data, mostly related to qualitative statistical variables. The difficulties of the students in the construction of the graphs were not common to many students, noting the union of the bars in the bar graphs, the use of line graphs to represent data of qualitative variables and the absence of labels in the graphs.
Keywords: Statistical Graphs. Project Works. Prospective Teachers. Primary School.
Habilidades Matemáticas na Base Nacional Comum Curricular: Vislumbrando Caminhos Analíticos
Authors: Dias Marcelo de Oliveira , Barbosa Jonei  Cerqueira
Published: April 2021

ResumoNo artigo em tela, objetivou-se a análise da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), na área Matemática, que emergiu no Brasil e foi consolidada após um processo de consultas públicas e debates. Os aportes teóricos adotados para a análise foram Bishop (1999), que propôs competências matemáticas básicas para a formação do cidadão, Doll (1997), que sugeriu alguns critérios para a organização do currículo, e Silva (2009), que o ampliou em outros critérios, dividindo-os em dois grandes blocos, sendo o primeiro relacionado à seleção dos conteúdos, e o segundo relacionado à organização curricular. Os referenciais foram adotados para a análise da coerência da prescrição para os Anos Finais do Ensino Fundamental, relacionando seus indícios e suas conexões com o quadro preliminar do Projeto Matemática 2030, que visa, dentre outras coisas, estabelecer critérios para a análise dos programas destinados às futuras gerações de alunos. Os critérios e suas conexões auxiliam na compreensão de tendências e impactos de reformas nos documentos prescritos para Matemática no Brasil e em outros países. Os resultados suscitaram uma visão multicultural restrita às unidades Álgebra e Probabilidade e Estatística ao relacionarem os objetos de conhecimento à percepção do sentido dos conteúdos para uso social e acesso à cidadania.
Palavras-chave: Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Habilidades. Critérios de Análise. Anos Finais do Ensino Fundamental. Matemática.
Abstract The objective of this paper is to analyze the National Curricular Common Base (NCCB), Mathematical area, which emerges in Brazil and was consolidated after a process of public consultations and debates. The theoretical contributions adopted for the analysis were Bishop, who proposes basic mathematical skills for the formation of the citizen, Doll, that suggests criteria for the organization of the curriculum, and Silva, that expands in others, dividing them into two large blocks, being the first related to the selection of contents and the other to the curricular organization. The references were adopted for the analysis of the consistency of the prescription for the Final Years of Elementary Teaching, relating their indications and their connections with the preliminary framework of the Mathematics 2030 Project, which aims, among other things, to establish criteria for the analysis of the programs destined to future generations of students. The criteria and their connections help in understanding the trends and impacts of reforms in the documents prescribed for Mathematics in Brazil and in other countries. The results gave rise to a multicultural view restricted to the units Algebra and Probability and Statistics, relating the objects of knowledge to the perception of the meaning of the contents for social use and access to citizenship.
Keywords: National Curricular Common Core. Skills. Criteria of Analysis. Final Years of Elementary School. Mathematics.
Good’s Irreducibility: The Discordancy Argument and Aristotle
Authors: Anderson Aaron Morgan
Published: April 2021

In this paper, I argue that the good is irreducible. I use the term ‘irreducible’ in a way similar to but not identical to G. E. Moore’s usage of ‘indefinable’ as found in Principia Ethica. By ‘irreducible,’ I mean that something cannot be simplified into something other than itself. For my purposes, this is to say that the good is sui generis and cannot be accounted for by anything other than itself. Inspired by what I take to be Moore’s basic insight, I develop my own argument pertaining to the uniqueness of the good. My argument goes partially beyond intuition, and hence beyond Moore, by means of applied intuitions (counterexamples). In the penultimate section, I apply the Discordancy Argument to Aristotle’s ethics, arguing that it is an attestation to the general virtue thesis that what is good does not admit of a reducible deduction. Broadly speaking, I consider the Discordancy Argument and general ethical intuitionism as justification for the Aristotelian idea that good actions are found in concrete particulars and not reducible abstractions, hinting at Aristotle’s affinity for ethical intuitionism. Furthermore, a recent debate surrounding moral ontology (per William Lane Craig and dissenters) is deemed obsolete.
Sobre o Bem nas Memoráveis de Xenofonte
Authors: Haddad Alice Bitencourt
Published: April 2021

This article analyzes the concept of good through an overview of Xenophon’s Memorabilia. It begins with the dialogue between Socrates and Aristippus (3.8), in which the philosopher links the good with utility, indicating the recurrence of this conception in the dialogue with Euthydemus (4.6). It shows how the conception of good as useful is expanded to the divine realm, identifying the passages in which the gods appear as benefactors of humanity. Then, it deals, in contrast, with the human difficulty of accessing good, either by not recognizing it, or by the need for preliminary practice of virtue, understood as enkrateia, i.e., restraint of pleasures. In this context, the relevance of self-knowledge as the knowledge of one’s own power (δύναμις) stands out. Finally, the article highlights the figure of Socrates as a benefactor, describing the way Xenophon portrays him as a guide and a paradigm for those who wanted to learn from him.
La secularización de los ritos fúnebres en el catolicismo popular: Bogotá (Colombia)
Authors: Beltrán William Mauricio , Medina-Morales Nicolás , Roberto Yenny
Published: April 2021

Since the Spanish colonization, the inhabitants of Bogotá have bid farewell to their loved ones following the instructions of the Catholic Church and are guided by the beliefs and customs of popular Catholicism. However, since the mid-twentieth century, funerary rites have been transformed among Bogotá’s Catholics. This change is analyzed in this article with the help of the concept of Secularization; understood as a multidimensional, longterm process. Thanks to socio-historical analysis, this paper identifies several factors that have engendered the secularization of the funeral rite: its progressive liberation from the control and regulation of the Catholic Church. Three fundamental processes stand out in this regard: 1) the regulation of the rite by the State; 2) the rise of funeral companies; 3) the globalization of communications, particularly the massification of the so-called social networks that are connected thanks to the internet.
La renta hídrica en el riego de cultivos extensivos en el norte de Buenos Aires (Argentina)
Authors: Riera Constanza
Published: April 2021

The culturally rooted conception that water is a free good does not acknowledge that it is a common-pool resource, which, in the case of Argentina, it is public property. In this paper we review the classical theories and some contemporary approaches to the question of ground rent to apply this concept to the use of groundwater by farmers and seed companies in the north of the province of Buenos Aires. Based on this case study, we argue that the use of water for irrigation, as a non-produced means of production, implies, through the absence of effective regulation, the appropriation of a territorial rent. To understand its existence and appropriation, it is necessary to consider the differences between water and land resources. In conclusion we claim the existence of water rent as a particular type of rent in the irrigated agriculture of agrarian capitalism.
Profesoras en medio de la violencia armada: una pedagogía visceral desde las favelas de Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Bello-Ramírez Alanis , Pereira-Vianna Cláudia
Published: April 2021

What can schools and teachers do to mitigate the consequences of armed violence? Based on this question, the experiences of black teachers working in schools affected by the armed violence in the favelas of Rio de Janeiro are narrated. Care and emotional work are recognized as fundamental elements to face this situation and imagine other futures. With the information gathered from in-depth interviews, ethnographic observation, and pedagogical workshops, we analyzed the teachers’ working conditions and the impact that armed violence and racism has had on the schools in the favelas. Finally, the notion of visceral pedagogy is proposed to understand the pedagogical efforts that teachers make to maintain life in a context of extreme vulnerability.
Yeşil Pazarlama Bilgi Düzeyi ve Yaşam Tatmininin Yeşil Ürün Satın Alma Davranışına Etkisi: Kuşaklararası Bir Araştırma
Authors: KARAMAN Davut
Published: April 2021

Çevresel sorunların artması ile beraber insanların artık çevre konusunda farkındalığı da
artmaya başlamıştır. Bundan dolayı işletmeler tüketicilerin çevre konusundaki farkındalığını göz
önünde bulundurarak iş yapış modellerini değiştirmeye başlamıştır. Bu kapsamda pazarlama
bağlamında yeşil pazarlama faaliyetleri başlamıştır. Yeşil pazarlama ile işletmeler tüketicilere çevreye
zarar vermeyen ürünler / hizmetler ürettiği imajı vermektedir. Tüketicilerin yeşil ürünleri satın alma
davranışı bazı faktörlerden etkilenmektedir. Bu kapsamda yeşil ürün satın almaya etki eden unsurların
belirlenmesi pazarlama faaliyetleri için önemlidir. Bu unsurlardan bazıları demografik özellikler,
kuşaklar, yeşil bilgi düzeyi, yaşam tatmini gibi unsurlardır. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın öncelikli amacı
yeşil pazarlama bilgi düzeyi ve yaşam tatmininin kuşaklar temelinde yeşil ürün satın alma davranışına
etkisini belirlemektir. Çalışmada ayrıca diğer demografik özelliklere göre yeşil ürün satın alma
davranışının farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığının belirlenmesi de amaçlanmıştır. Antalya ilinde toplam X, Y
ve Z kuşağında yer alan toplam 579 katılımcı ile çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre X ve Y
kuşağı bağlamında yaşam tatmininin yeşil ürün satın alma davranışına etkisi olduğu belirlenmişken, Z
kuşağı bağlamında yaşam tatmininin yeşil ürün satın alma davranışına etkisi olmadığı belirlenmiştir.
X ve Z kuşağı bağlamında yeşil pazarlama bilgi düzeyinin yeşil ürün satın alma davranışına etkisi
olduğu ortaya çıkarılmışken, Y kuşağı bağlamında yeşil pazarlama bilgi düzeyinin yeşil ürün satın
alma davranışına etkisi olmadığı ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Evli katılımcıların yeşil ürünleri satın alma
eğilimi bekar katılımcılara kıyasla daha fazladır. 1499 ₺ ve altı” gelir grubundaki katılımcıların yeşil
ürün satın alma eğilimi “1500-2499 ₺” ve “5000 ₺ ve üzeri” gelir grubu katılımcılarından daha azdır.
İnvestigation of Organic Food Consumption Behavior in The Context of S-O-R Theory: The Case of Antakya-Hatay
Authors: URAL Tülin , OYPAN Oğuz
Published: April 2021

In recent years, the degradation of the natural environment and the misused of resources have led to the conclusion that the environment must be protected. In this context, consumers have started to attach more importance to organic farming practices and organic foods than ever before. However, although organic farming practices have increased significantly, the rate of purchasing organic foods by consumers is still low. In this study, the hypothesis that environmental image creates environmental trust and satisfaction and this positively affects the environmental word-ofmouth intention is discussed based on organic foods. The first study of this hypothesis based on organic foods constitutes the original value of this study. A field study was conducted on households living in Antakya-Hatay to test the relationships in the conceptual model adapted by Mehriban and Russell. By using a field sampling method, research data were collected with a faceto-face survey. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling were applied in the analysis of the data. The findings show that the environmental image of organic foods (stimuli) leads to positive effect on the environmental word-of-mouth intention for organic foods(response), if it creates environmental trust on organic foods and environmental satisfaction with organic foods (organism).
Does the Aging Population Become a Constraint to the Growth of Turkish Economy? New Evidence from Time Series Analysis
Authors: ECEVİT Eyyup , ÇETİN Murat , YILDIZ Özge , DOĞAN Rabia
Published: April 2021

This study deals with the relationship between population aging and economic growth in Turkey during 1970-2018 and includes domestic savings, consumption expenditures, and financial development in the growth specification as additional variables. The Johansen and ARDL bounds test for cointegration analysis were used. Moreover, DOLS and CCR estimators were used to estimate the long-run coefficients. The VECM causality procedure was employed for causality analysis. The findings revealed that the variables are cointegrated. The findings showed that population aging, and financial development negatively affected economic growth while domestic savings and consumption expenditures were positively related to economic growth in the long-run. The findings also indicated that bidirectional causality exists between all the independent variables and economic growth in the long-run. Therefore, this study can provide several policy implications to speed economic growth in the Turkish economy.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND TOURISM SECTOR: THE JAMAICAN CASE
Authors: SARIALİOĞLU HAYALİ Ayça , KÜÇÜKOSMAN Asiye , KPARTOR Kolee
Published: April 2021

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Tourism Sector are two significant factors both contributing to development, directly and indirectly, and also foreign exchange need of developing world. In this regard, the paper tries to determine if there is a relationship between FDI and tourism sector in the regard of the Jamaican case by using granger causality test. It can be said that Jamaica is a typical example, which is selected out of the developing world, in terms of both the importance of the tourism sector and FDI. According to the results within the framework of the econometric analysis, it is found out that Tourism Expenditures and FDI inflows are causally related, and the Granger causality is uni-directional running from FDI Inflows to Tourism Expenditures in the Jamaican Case. In other words, in Jamaica, FDI inflows are the cause and the tourism expenditures are the result, which can be theoretically expected. Since FDI inflows including the FDI in specifically tourism sector contribute to all the economy, by developing both tangible assets, such as infrastructure, and intangible assets, such as managerial skills of a country, it all contributes to the tourism sector as a service sector.
CONCEPTUALIZATION, THERMAL ANALYSIS, AND MANUFACTURING OF NANO-TEXTURED MICRO-STRUCTURED SURFACES FOR ENHANCED CONDENSATION HEAT TRANSFER
Authors: BUDAKLI Mete
Published: April 2021

In the present study, nano-micro-structured surfaces have been systematically designed and manufactured in order to generate controlled dropwise condensation mode for enhanced heat transfer during phase-change from vapor to liquid. The conceptualization of micro-structures was conducted by using thermal modelling of an individ-ual droplet pinned at a single micro-hexagonal cavity. By varying droplet radius, resulting contact angles and geo-metric dimensions of micro-structure, threshold values have been determined for the later manufacturing process. According to the calculations for instance at contact angles of 150°, a subcooling of 1 K and a maximum droplet radius of 100 µm, the edge length and the depth of the micro-structures should be kept below 50 µm and 25 µm, respectively. Ensuring these parameters, a roughly 100 % larger heat transfer coefficient would result compared to that predicted by the classical Nusselt theory for filmwise condensation. Taking into account the mathematical analysis, laser ablation technique was adopted on 7075 aluminum samples to emboss hexagonal structures with respect to the predicted dimensions. After this step, the samples were electrochemically etched in order to achieve contact angles of more than 150° to ensure superhydrophobic solid-liquid interaction at the surface. Measurements with a high-precision microscope show that most of the structure dimensions and geometric shape were precisely manufactured. The Tensiometer results disclosed that the surface topography at all samples exhibit contact angles larger than 150° for a sessile droplet with a radius of 100 µm pinned on an individual micro-hexagon.
Study of bone turnover markers – Alkaline phosphatase and urinary hydroxyproline in postmenopausal women
Authors: D Lakshmi , Pujari Shivkumar
Published: April 2021

Osteoporosis is a major cause for morbidity in elderly and is further accentuated by the low levels of estrogen in postmenopausal women. Recognition of bone changes early by estimating the levels of bone turnover markers in the post menopausal women in comparison with pre menopausal women would aidin decreasing the disability caused due to fracture.

To find the difference between the levels of ALP and urinary hydroxyproline in pre menopausal and postmenopausal women.

In our study 45 post menopausal women and 45 premenopausal women attending the OPD for different reasons were recruited and after obtaining informedconsent, blood sample and urine samples were collected. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was estimated inserum sample and Hydroxy proline levels were estimated in the urine sample.

Both the serum ALP and urinary hydroxyproline levels were significantly (p<0.001) elevated in postmenopausal women.

Bone turnover markers play a role in assessing the bone health in post menopausal women and also aid in prognosis when an individual is on bone formation drugs.
La construcción del ideal sobre el amor materno en dos periódicos de Guadalajara y Torreón (1922-1950)
Authors: Jiménez Marce Rogelio
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar cuál fue el discurso periodístico que se construyó en torno a la maternidad en la primera mitad del siglo xx y qué prácticas se llevaron a cabo para afianzar su culto en las ciudades de Guadalajara y de Torreón. Para conocer las representaciones sobre la madre y las festividades que se realizaban en su honor, se examinó el discurso de dos periódicos locales (El Siglo de Torreón y El Informador). El estudio muestra que los imaginarios de la madre se construían en torno a tres aspectos: biológico (su condición innata para la procreación), religioso (su vinculación con la virgen María) e ideológico (su utilización como bandera de algunas causas políticas). Aunque los rotativos no apoyaban las ideas “modernas” respecto a la maternidad, sí se pugnó por mejorar sus condiciones como una manera de conducir al país por los ámbitos de la modernidad.
Apoyo social y violencia de pareja en estudiantes universitarias
Authors: Huerta Mata Rosa María
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el proceso de vinculación-desvinculación del apoyo social que reciben algunas de las estudiantes universitarias que experimentan violencia de pareja. En los meses de septiembre y octubre del año 2017 se llevaron a cabo cuatro grupos focales de mujeres estudiantes de las licenciaturas en Derecho y Psicología en la Escuela Superior de Actopan, de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo (uaeh), México. En la violencia de pareja que experimentan las estudiantes universitarias se involucran sus amigas como red de apoyo; sin embargo, el apoyo se fractura debido a que las víctimas no abandonan la relación de pareja, y por las amenazas de violencia que reciben las amigas por parte del agresor. Este trabajo contribuye al conocimiento sobre las subjetividades de las personas que apoyan a las jóvenes que presentan violencia de pareja.
Induced dichroism in fiber optical resonators with an embedded optically active element
Authors:   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Alexeyev C.N. , Barshak E.V. ,   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Vikulin D.V. ,   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Lapin B.P. ,   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Yavorsrky M.A. ,   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University
Published: April 2021

In this paper we have demonstrated the emergence of an effective circular dichroism for the fundamental mode in fiber resonators of loop and ring types with an optically active element embedded into the loop/ring. Changing the parameters of the resonator, the optically active element, or the wavelength of the incoming field allows one to control the value of the effective dichroism and actually, to increase optical activity of the element. It is shown that these resonators can be used as working elements of all-fiber polarizers for the fundamental mode.
Application of the fruit fly optimization algorithm to an optimized neural network model in radar target recognition
Authors:   Sichuan Vocational College of Chemical Technology, Liu M. , Sun Z.H. ,   Air Force Logistics University
Published: April 2021

With the development of computer technology, there are more and more algorithms and models for data processing and analysis, which brings a new direction to radar target recognition. This study mainly analyzed the recognition of high resolution range profile (HRRP) in radar target recognition and applied the generalized regression neural network (GRNN) model for HRRP recognition. In order to improve the performance of HRRP, the fruit fly optimization algorithm (FOA) algorithm was improved to optimize the parameters of the GRNN model. Simulation experiments were carried out on three types of aircraft. The improved FOA-GRNN (IFOA-GRNN) model was compared with the radial basis function (RBF) and GRNN models. The results showed that the IFOA-GRNN model had a better convergence accuracy, the highest average recognition rate (96.4 %), the shortest average calculation time (275 s), and a good recognition rate under noise interference. The experimental results show that the IFOA-GRNN model has a good performance in radar target recognition and can be further promoted and applied in practice.
A method for measuring digital camera noise by automatic segmentation of a striped target
Authors:   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Evtikhiev N.N. , Kozlov A.V. ,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Krasnov V.V. ,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Rodin V.G. ,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Starikov R.S. ,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Cheremkhin P.A. ,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute)
Published: April 2021

Currently, cameras are widely used in scientific, industrial and amateur tasks. Thus, one needs to be able to quickly evaluate characteristics and capabilities of a particular camera. A method for measuring noise components of the camera photosensor is proposed. It allows one to estimate shot noise, dark temporal noise, photo response non-uniformity and dark signal non-uniformity. For noise measurement, just two images of the same scene need to be registered. The scene consists of several stripes (quasihomogeneous regions). Then the images are processed by automatic signal segmentation. The performance and accuracy of the proposed method are higher than or equal to other fast methods. The experimental results obtained are similar to those derived using a time-consuming standard method within a measurement error.