bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maurer, Björn; Rieckmann, Marco & Schluchter, Jan-René (Hrsg.) (2024). Medien – Bildung – Nachhaltige Entwicklung. Inter- und transdisziplinäre Diskurse. Weinheim, Basel: Beltz Juventa. 350 S., 78,00 €
Authors: Müller Marcus
Published: December 2024

Daten werden nicht aufgesammelt, sondern erhoben. Sie sind keine naturgegebene Ressource; vielmehr werden sie auf spezifische Art und Weise erstellt. So der rote Faden, welcher den Sammelband Medien – Bildung – Nachhaltige Entwicklung durchzieht. Ebenso gestaltbar wie Datensätze ist eine Transformation hin zu einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung. Vor allem Bildung wird in diesem Buch als zentrales Mittel zu einer solchen Entwicklung gehandelt.
Schon die drei Kernbegriffe – Medien, Bildung, Nachhaltige Entwicklung – bilden eine komplexe Gemengelage. Unser Wissen über Umweltverschmutzung erhalten wir maßgeblich durch mediengestützte Bildungsprozesse. So wird im Sammelband entsprechend eine Projektidee vorgestellt, bei der Kinder mithilfe von digitalen Lerngeräten die Verschmutzung in ihrer Stadt bewerten und erfassen können, um so eine Aufräumaktion zu starten. Gleichzeitig verursachen die digitalen Endgeräte - also die Medien, mit denen wir von der Verschmutzung erfahren – selbst Datenmüll. Ein Prozess, der sich in einem handfesten Ressourcenverbrauch und Emissionsausstoß manifestiert. In den Beiträgen entwickeln die Autor*innen Bildungsangebote, die zu einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung beitragen sollen und dabei Machtverhältnisse sowie strukturelle und analytische Gesichtspunkte berücksichtigen. Dabei unternehmen sie den Versuch digital- und mediengestützte Lernangebote nicht bloß als Teil der Lösung, sondern stets auch als Teil des Problems zu erkennen.
Insgesamt entsteht so eine differenzierte und kritische Betrachtung dreier Megathemen des 21. Jahrhunderts. Der Band richtet sich vor allem an Akteur*innen aus Bildungskontexten, doch im Grunde gehören diese Themen zu keiner festen Zielgruppe, denn Bildung, Medien und die Transformation zu einer nachhaltigen Lebensweise gehen uns alle etwas an.
Особенности выбора режимов лазерной термообработки плужного лемеха из стали 65Г
Authors: Луканин Б. Е.
Published: December 2024

Лазерная термообработка является эффективным способом улучшения механических свойств и повышения износостойкости металлических деталей. В настоящей статье были рассмотрены особенности выбора режимов лазерной термообработки плужного лемеха из стали 65Г. Данный вид стали относится к углеродистым легированным сталям с высоким содержанием углерода, марганца и кремния. Она характеризуется высокой твердостью и прочностью, что делает ее прекрасным материалом для изготовления плужных лемехов, которые подвергаются значительным механическим нагрузкам и трению с почвой. Лазерная термообработка позволяет контролировать температурные зоны локально, что дает возможность изменять структуру и свойства материала для достижения оптимальных характеристик. При обработке плужных лемехов лазером применяются такие режимы, как нагрев, закалка и отпуск. Оптимальный выбор режимов лазерной термообработки плужного лемеха из стали 65Г позволит достичь требуемых механических свойств и повысить износостойкость детали. Комплексное рассмотрение свойств материала, геометрии и технических возможностей лазерной обработки позволит определить оптимальные параметры и достичь желаемых результатов.

Laser heat treatment is an effective way to improve the mechanical properties and increase the wear resistance of metal parts. This article examined the features of choosing laser heat treatment modes for a plow share made of 65G steel. This type of steel belongs to carbon alloy steels with a high content of carbon, manganese and silicon. It is characterized by high hardness and strength, which makes it an excellent material for the manufacture of plow shares, which are subject to significant mechanical loads and friction with the soil. Laser heat treatment allows you to control temperature zones locally, which makes it possible to change the structure and properties of the material to achieve optimal characteristics. When processing plow shares with a laser, modes such as heating, hardening and tempering are used. The optimal choice of laser heat treatment modes for a plow share made of 65G steel will allow you to achieve the required mechanical properties and increase the wear resistance of the part. A comprehensive consideration of the material properties, geometry and technical capabilities of laser processing will allow us to determine the optimal parameters and achieve the desired results.
China’s multicomponent self-positioning system in the Arctic: Theory and practice
Authors:   Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolaev Nikolay
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the theory of the development of China’s Arctic Self-Positioning approaches, as well as the political and diplomatic practice of their implementation in the Arctic. China’s search for self-identity in the Arctic from the late 2000s to the late 2010s is developing into a multi-component system of China’s Arctic Self-Positioning, consisting of six approaches officially applied by Beijing — the Arctic dimension of “a responsible major country”, “Near-Arctic State”, “an important stakeholder in Arctic affairs”, “an active participant, builder and contributor”. The complementarity of the strengths of China’s Arctic Self-Positioning approaches serves as a kind of “a connecting link” of the Multicomponent System. Thus, while the “Near-Arctic State” Self-Positioning emphasizes China’s special geostrategic place among non-Arctic States, the “an important stakeholder” approach emphasizes China’s special role in Arctic affairs. The article analyzes Chinese versions of positioning approaches borrowed from the West, as well as their substantive differences from the original versions. The analysis of Chinese expert discourse allowed us to comprehend the process of formation of the positioning approach from an idea to an officially declared concept implemented within the framework of China’s Foreign Policy. This is relevant in terms of understanding how China’s Foreign Policy identity is formed in the Xi Jinping era. The strengths and weaknesses of each of the approaches of China’s positioning in the Arctic are studied separately. The practice of implementing China’s approaches to positioning in the Arctic is analyzed, as well as the reactions of the West and the Arctic states. Official documents and statements on China’s Arctic positioning are analyzed in detail. The content of the expert version of the positioning approaches is compared with the official interpretation.
Kuberpolitik — power in the digital age
Authors:   Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Grigoryevsky Valentin
Published: December 2024

This article explores the role of information and communication technologies (ICT) in exerting international influence. The aim is to pinpoint a specific area within the science of international relations that examines global political processes involving ICT. The author assessed existing definitions of “cyberpolitics” and highlighted their inadequacy in capturing the subject under scrutiny. Employing methodologies such as systems theory (including systems analysis and cybernetics), structural functionalism, neorealism, neoliberalism, as well as structural analysis, abstraction, and modelling, the author devised a comprehensive model for analysing cyberpolitics. This model views cyberpolitics as a multidimensional and multi-level phenomenon with sociotechnical and socioecological subsystems and their hierarchies, demonstrating their link to social system levels. The article introduces a formula and function of influence, delineating key variables that determine the nature of influence in general and in specific cases. All components of technical and technological ICT systems are described, providing a thorough understanding of their structure and processes. The concept of “deep technologies” and their potential role in international competition and technological dependence is explored. The typology of objects and subjects of political relations in this realm is presented, defining international cyberpolitics as a subset of political science. The term “comprehensive cyberpolitics” (Kuberpolitik) is proposed. A matrix is developed for evaluating potential influence models, with an illustrative forecasting example. The article concludes with recommendations for future research, including detailed matrices for each subject type and a comprehensive exploration of influence models.
"Ask Ada": about polymorphism of multimedia compositions
Authors:   M. I. Glinka Novosibirsk State Conservatory, Michkov Pavel A.
Published: December 2024

In the work of the modern Greek composer Yannis Kyriakides, the work "Ask Ada", written for a soloist, an ensemble of instrumentalists, a vocoder and synchronized with a video installation, occupies a special place. The plot centers on a female mathematician, the author of the first computer code in history, which she wrote for the difference machine of the famous inventor Charles Babbage more than a hundred years before the first programmable devices appeared. Ada's personality, which has become the object of close attention in the world of research on the history of computer technology and the development of artificial intelligence, has become the center of attraction for the composer, who devoted his work to the study of the symbiosis of acoustic and electronic music, multimedia compositions. The problems of genre definition, determining the role and place of the little–studied methodology of contact with the listener, and species diversity have become elements of a common system of internal contradictions of modern works of art that combine auditory and visual spaces. The principles of plot construction in Kyriakides' composition become an unexpected solution: an explicit numbered structure, strict compliance with the timecode in the score is combined with a non-linear unfolding of the main storylines that occurs in discrepancy with the chronological order. Their sequence in the play is quite conditional, appearing fragmentary, fragmentary, like pixels in a digital image, gradually combining with related plot motifs, such links are subsequently formed into independent, full-fledged semantic fields. Developing the idea of his own way of communicating with the listener, forming the basis for generating meanings, Yannis Kyriakides experiences a variety of techniques, one of which is polymorphism. Asynchronous unfolding of the plot becomes the basis of the chronotope of the composition. The free, bordering on chaotic, interweaving of the main channels of the plot eventually develops into a consolidated stream, the unifying means for which are musical artistic and expressive means and techniques of videography.
The Needs and Experiences of People With Early-Stage Dementia Using an Application for Cognitive and Physical Activation in Germany: Qualitative Study
Authors: Klein Melina , von Bosse Alexa , Kunze Christophe
Published: December 2024

Background

The demand for support among people with dementia is increasing, while caregiving capacity is declining. As the trend of aging at home continues, technologies can help maintain the autonomy of people with dementia, enabling them to live independently for as long as possible. Furthermore, digital applications can have numerous positive biopsychosocial effects on the health of people with dementia, enhancing their physical, cognitive, and social functioning.

Objective

This study aims to investigate the needs and experiences of people with dementia regarding a prototype tablet-based application designed to promote cognitive and physical activity.

Methods

We conducted a methodical triangulation by combining semistructured interviews with people with dementia and external overt participant observation while testing a tablet-based application. A qualitative content analysis, as outlined by Kuckartz, was used to analyze the data.

Results

Participants demonstrated varying levels of ability and prior experience with technology. While most were initially hesitant to use the tablet independently, they were more willing to try it after receiving encouragement. Some individuals required more assistance than others, indicating the need for individualized adjustments. Personal relevance to the content appeared to be crucial for cognitive tasks, as it helped to minimize overload for people with dementia. The participants appreciated social interaction with researchers and direct communication. Therefore, it is important to consider the role of personal support when developing and implementing technology.

Conclusions

The successful implementation and use of technology requires acceptance and an effective interaction between people with dementia, technology, and caregivers or caring relatives providing personal support. The acceptance of the application was found to be less influenced by the types and presentation of tasks and more by content relevance and social interaction. Ideally, one-on-one support will be provided during use, though this requires additional time and financial resources, which are often limited in caregiving settings.
Construction and Evaluation of the Bidirectional Referral System in Internet
Hospital: A Perspective Based on the Case of Children's Hospitals in Western China (Preprint)
Authors: Li Qinling , Deng Yunzhen , Yin Xiangdong , Li Yingliang , Hu Lan , yang bin
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Bidirectional referral is essential in modern healthcare as they facilitate seamless patient transitions between primary and higher-level medical institutions. Conventional referral systems are hindered by offline methods, complex processes, and inadequate information sharing, negatively impacting efficiency and patient experience.

OBJECTIVE

This research aims to develop a systematic and standardized bidirectional referral framework for Internet hospitals by investigating the construction and implementation effects of the "Internet +" bidirectional referral model at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.

METHODS

We analyze the bidirectional referral model of Internet hospitals from the perspectives of platform operation and management.

RESULTS

The "Internet +" bidirectional referral model enhances the exchange of patient diagnosis and treatment data, promotes information sharing, simplifies and standardizes the referral process, ultimately saving time, enhancing efficiency, and fostering the integration and optimal allocation of healthcare resources.

CONCLUSIONS

The "Internet +" bidirectional referral service model deserves promotion and adaptation across other medical institutions.
СПРЕЕВОЕ НАНЕСЕНИЕ ФОТОРЕЗИСТА ДЛЯ СОЗДАНИЯ РАВНОМЕРНОЙ ПЛЕНКИ В ПОЛОСТЯХ
Authors: Иванов В.
Published: December 2024

Исследовался метод получения покрытий с помощью системы
спреевого нанесения. В ходе проведения тестов были оптимизированы
параметры процессов, такие как скорость вращения столика, скорость
перемещения форсунки, поток смеси, угол наклона форсунки
и т.д. Получены равномерные покрытия под различные требования
к однородности по толщине.
Gestión de trayectorias de pacientes basada en procesos y variables clave. Caso Cirugía General
Authors: Sánchez-Suárez Yasniel , Sánchez-Castillo Verenice , Hernández-Nariño Arialys
Published: December 2024

La gestión de trayectorias de pacientes incide en la mejora del rendimiento hospitalario, aunque los procedimientos desarrollados actualmente aún son insuficientes. Se han implementado un grupo de herramientas en función de su mejora, entre ellas la modelación, la gestión de la capacidad, lean manufacturing y la gestión por procesos. El objetivo de la investigación es analizar la gestión de flujos de pacientes en el servicio de Cirugía General a partir de las variables clave en contribución a la mejora del rendimiento hospitalario. Se desarrolló una investigación de tipo cuantitativa, a partir de un estudio de caso que pretende explorar y describir el comportamiento de los flujos de pacientes en el servicio de Cirugía General del Hospital Provincial Clínico Quirúrgico Docente “Faustino Pérez”. Se desarrolló en el período septiembre 2020 a septiembre de 2022. Solo se tuvieron en cuenta los pacientes con categoría diagnóstica mayor hernia. Se diseñó un proceder metodológico estructurado en tres etapas y ocho pasos que permita la gestión basada en procesos y variables clave. Se seleccionaron siete expertos y se caracterizó el sistema hospitalario. Se representó el mapa del proceso de gestión de flujos de pacientes y se identificaron siete variables clave. Del análisis integral se obtuvieron las principales deficiencias que afectan el proceso de servicio, entre ellas: elevada estadía hospitalaria, altas interrupciones en los procesos, largas listas de espera y capacidad limitada de camas. Se propuso un plan de acción para la mejora. Se diseñó un procedimiento estructurado en tres etapas que permite la mejora de la gestión de los flujos de pacientes a partir del trabajo con expertos, la caracterización de sistema, diagnóstico integral y propuestas de mejoras en el servicio de Cirugía general del hospital que permitieron sintetizar lecciones aprendidas.
Brecha de género en salarios, educación y estratificación
Authors: Jaime Jaime Lizbeth , Quintero Jaime Paula Sofia
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo de investigación tiene como objetivo analizar ¿cómo se distribuyen el nivel de educación, el estrato socioeconómico y los ingresos entre mujeres y hombres en el municipio de Ocaña, con miras a determinar brechas de género?. Lo cual se establecerá con el análisis de los datos obtenidos en el proyecto de investigación Barómetro Ocaña 2021, instrumento que ofreció información sobre indicadores pertinentes para resolver el problema de investigación, como el género, nivel de educación, estrato e ingresos mensuales. Finalmente se ofrecen como resultados de investigación, la existencia de brechas de género en segmentos como el estrato socioeconómico y los ingresos, siendo superada para el municipio analizado la brecha en el nivel de educación, lo cual no se ve representando en mejores condiciones económicas para las mujeres.
Vulnerables ante el pretor en el mundo romano = Praetor and vulnerable people in the roman world
Authors: Masi Doria Carla
Published: December 2024

A partir de una verificación retrospectiva de la teoría de Damaška sobre los conceptos de estado ‘activo’ y ‘reactivo’, el objetivo de este trabajo es investigar la posición procesal de los sujetos vulnerables en la república romana. A través de una lectura simultánea de dos casos significativos narrados por Valerio Máximo (en particular, los de Caia Afrania y Genucio) y del comentario de Ulpiano al edictum de postulando, se demostrará que una de las principales formas de marginación de los ‘débiles’ es su exclusión de la ‘fonosfera’ sobre la que se construyó el proceso romano.Palabras claves: vulnerabilidad; proceso romano; edictum de postulando.
Abstract: Taking moves from a backward-looking survey of Damaška's theory on the concepts of ‘active’ and ‘reactive’ state, the aim of this paper is to investigate the procedural position of vulnerable subjects in Roman republic. Throughout a symoultaneous reading of two significant cases narrated by Valerius Maximus (in particular, those of Caia Afrania and Genucius) and of Ulpian commentary to the edictum de postulando, will be proven that one of the main forms of marginalization of ‘weak’ people is their exclusion from the ‘phonosphere’ on which the Roman process was built.
Visión de la Injuria como fuente de obligaciones en el derecho romano y su proyección al derecho actual = Vision of Injury as a source of obligations in roman law and its projection to current law
Authors: Estrada Susana Isabel
Published: December 2024

Desde tiempos remotos la iniuria dentro de los delitos privados como fuente de las obligaciones fue considerada un acto contrario a derecho. La configuración de la tipicidad del delito de iniuria, comenzó con un alcance limitado en la ley de las XII Tablas como toda lesión física causada a la persona en su  cuerpo, con dolo o con culpa. Merced a la intervención del pretor se amplió ese concepto comprendiendo no sólo la lesión física sino también las ofensas morales, el ataque al honor, la difamación verbal o escrita, la violación de domicilio o una lesión a la personalidad, con tal que se tome este término en sentido muy lato, porque no es romano pero es en lo posible exacto, al decir de Maynz. También en esta época aparece restringido el concepto al caso en que el autor del delito hubiera obrado con intención dolosa (animus iniuriandi). La evolución que experimentó la injuria como la mayoría de las figuras jurídicas se ha proyectado en el derecho actual, pero también éste se ha alejado en parte de las normas romanas. El propósito del presente trabajo es discernir en la comparación entre las regulaciones romanas y las actuales desde el Código de Vélez Sársfield pasando por la ley 17711 hasta llegar al Código Civil y Comercial de la Nación de 2015 y a las actuales posturas doctrinarias y jurisprudenciales en términos de similitudes y diferencias.
 
Abstract: Since ancient times, iniuria within private crimes as a source of obligations was considered an act contrary to law. The configuration of the typicity of the crime of iniuria, began with a limited scope in the law of the XII Tables as any physical injury caused to the person in his body, with intent or negligence. Thanks to the intervention of the praetor, this concept was expanded to include not only physical injury but also moral offenses, attacks on honor, verbal or written defamation, trespassing or personal injury, provided that this is taken term in a very broad sense, because it is not Roman but it is as exact as possible, according to Maynz. Also at this time the concept appears restricted to the case in which the perpetrator of the crime had acted with malicious intent (animus iniuriandi). The evolution experienced by injury, like most legal figures, has been projected into current law, but it has also partly distanced itself from Roman norms. The purpose of this work is to discern in the comparison between the Roman regulations and the current ones from the Code of Vélez Sársfield through the law 17711 until reaching the Civil and Commercial Code of the Nation of 2015 and the current doctrinal positions. and jurisprudential in terms of similarities and differences.
IN SILICO AND DFT ANALYSIS OF A NEW MESO-SUBSTITUTED PORPHYRIN DERIVATIVE
Authors: Yaralı Sümeyye , Hakli Tutuş Özgül , Genç Onur , Çalışkan Şerife Gökçe , Sarıkavaklı Nursabah
Published: December 2024

In this study, we synthesized and characterized a novel unsymmetrical meso-aryl substituted porphyrin derivative. Comprehensive structural elucidation was achieved using a suite of spectroscopic techniques, including 1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Fourier-Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. To further investigate the compound's potential therapeutic applications, in silico studies were performed, focusing on its interactions with breast cancer-associated target receptors, specifically the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGFR), through molecular docking simulations. Additionally, bioactivity properties were evaluated via absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) analysis. Complementary to the experimental work, Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations at the B3LYP/6-311G+(d,p) level were conducted to optimize the molecular structure and determine key quantum chemical parameters, such as the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) distributions. These computational insights provide a deeper understanding of the electronic characteristics and reactivity of the synthesized compound, highlighting its potential for further development as a cancer therapeutic agent.
Uso de ferramentas de inovação nas salas de aula virtuais da Universidade Miguel de Cervantes
Authors: Suarez Katihuska Mota , Campbell Lucas , Gallardo Vladimir
Published: December 2024

O presente estudo analisa a percepção dos alunos sobre a eficácia das ferramentas de inovação tecnológica no processo de ensino-aprendizagem nas salas de aula virtuais da Universidade Miguel de Cervantes. Um desenho de pesquisa quantitativa com abordagem descritiva foi utilizado para avaliar como ferramentas como plataformas de gestão de aprendizagem (LMS), videoconferência e aplicativos colaborativos influenciam a experiência educacional. Foram inquiridos 74 alunos do programa de Mestrado em Educação e os resultados mostram que a maioria dos alunos utiliza frequentemente plataformas como Moodle e Google Classroom, bem como ferramentas de videoconferência como o Zoom. A percepção geral é positiva, com 75% dos alunos considerando estas ferramentas eficazes para melhorar a aprendizagem e a interação. O estudo também identificou que, embora a percepção e a utilização das ferramentas não variem significativamente entre os diferentes níveis académicos, a formação adicional e um melhor alinhamento das ferramentas com os objectivos do curso poderiam aumentar ainda mais a sua eficácia.
Phenotypic Versus Genetic Mismatch of BMI and Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence From Two Prospective Cohort Studies
Authors: Li Aolin , Gong Shuo , Yu Canqing , Pei Pei , Yang Ling , Millwood Iona Y. , Walters Robin G. , Chen Yiping , Du Huaidong , Yang Xiaoming , Hou Wei , Chen Junshi , Chen Zhengming , Lv Jun , Li Liming , Sun Dianjianyi ,   China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group
Published: December 2024

Little is known about the population-based mismatch between phenotypic and genetic BMI (BMI-PGM) and its association with type 2 diabetes. We therefore used data from the China Kadoorie Biobank and UK Biobank and calculated BMI-PGM for each participant as the difference between the percentile for adjusted BMI at baseline and the percentile for adjusted polygenic risk score for BMI. Participants were categorized into discordantly low (BMI-PGM < the first quartile), concordant (the first quartile ≤ BMI-PGM < the third quartile), and discordantly high (BMI-PGM ≥ the third quartile) groups. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for the association of BMI-PGM and type 2 diabetes using Cox proportional hazard models in each cohort, and combined HRs using random-effects meta-analyses. During a median follow-up of 12 years for both cohorts, BMI-PGM was associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes, with the discordantly low group showing reduced risk and the discordantly high group showing elevated risk compared with the concordant group, independent of BMI and other conventional risk factors. In addition, normal-weight individuals with discordantly high BMI-PGM faced a higher risk of type 2 diabetes than overweight individuals. These findings suggest that BMI-PGM may play a potential role in reassessing the risk of type 2 diabetes, particularly among normal-weight populations.

Article Highlights

Social developments have fostered an “obesogenic environment” that exacerbated phenotypic versus genetic mismatch of BMI (BMI-PGM) and the risk of type 2 diabetes. The study quantified BMI-PGM and examined its association with type 2 diabetes independent of BMI and other conventional factors. The risk of type 2 diabetes was lower in the discordantly low BMI-PGM group and higher in the discordantly high BMI-PGM group, with concordant BMI-PGM group as reference. These findings indicate the potential to reassess type 2 diabetes risk by quantifying BMI-PGM on individual levels.
Neonates With In-Utero SSRI Exposure (NeoWISE): a retrospective cohort study examining the effect of newborn feeding method on newborn withdrawal
Authors: Cantin Christina , Li Wenbin , Snelgrove-Clarke Erna , Corsi Daniel , Dennis Cindy-Lee , Ross-White Amanda , Brogly Susan , Gaudet Laura
Published: December 2024

IntroductionUp to 30% of newborns with in-utero selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) exposure experience withdrawal symptoms. The impact of newborn feeding method on alleviating withdrawal has not been investigated. We examined the effect of newborn feeding method (breastfeeding versus formula) among a cohort of Neonates With In-utero SSRI Exposure (NeoWISE).
MethodsThis population-based retrospective cohort study included newborns born in Ontario hospitals between April 1, 2012, and March 31, 2020 to Ontario Drug Benefit Program beneficiaries who filled at least one SSRI prenatal prescription. Linked administrative health and registry data were used. Method of newborn feeding was available from birth to hospital discharge. The primary outcome was newborn withdrawal. The secondary outcome was transfer to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Adjusted risk ratios (adjRR) in breast- versus formula-fed newborns and our outcomes were estimated using generalized linear models. Propensity scores based on antepartum and intrapartum characteristics and inverse probability of treatment weighting were used to balance differences in maternal-newborn characteristics by treatment.
ResultsOverall, 5,079 newborns were included in the NeoWISE Cohort, with 3,321 (65.4%) exclusively breastfeeding from birth to hospital discharge. Among the breastfed newborns, 50 (1.5%) had neonatal withdrawal versus 41 (2.3%) in the formula-fed newborns. There was no difference in risk of withdrawal in breast versus formula-fed newborns (adjRR 0.86, 95% CI 0.56, 1.34). Breastfed newborns had a reduced risk of transfer to the NICU compared to formula-fed newborns (adjRR 0.80, 95% CI 0.66, 0.97); however, this finding did not persist in sensitivity analysis.
ConclusionThe rate of newborn withdrawal was low in this cohort of SSRI-exposed neonates and was not associated with feeding method in the hospital. The results of this study inform shared decision-making around newborn feeding for perinatal women who take SSRI medications.
Transforming Cities: Urbane Mobilität der Zukunft
Authors: Gierl Fabian
Published: December 2024

Wer sich nachhaltig durch seine Stadt bewegt, hat nicht nur ein gutes, grünes Gewissen. In aller Regel handelt es sich auch um die schnellste Form der Fortbewegung. Sei es das Fahrrad, mit dem man auf den Fahrradwegen am Stau vorbeizieht oder in Zukunft vielleicht sogar eine innerstädtische Seilbahn, die uns klimafreundlich von A nach B bringt. In den kommenden Jahren müssen Mobilitätskonzepte für Städte noch viel stärker den steigenden Herausforderungen der zunehmenden Verkehrsüberlastung begegnen. Vermeiden, verlagern, verbessern muss die Devise für urbane Mobilität lauten
Die Wirkung des Deutschlandtickets in Städten
Authors: Krämer Andreas , Brocchi Davide
Published: December 2024

Das im Mai 2023 eingeführte Deutschlandticket (DT) hat das Potenzial, nicht nur den Verkehr im urbanen Raum deutlich zu verändern, sondern darüber hinaus auch das Zusammenleben und das Stadtbild. Die Nutzung des Tickets ist in Großstädten vergleichsweise stärker. Das DT führt bei längeren Strecken zu der stärksten Verlagerungswirkung vom Pkw zum Nahverkehr. Das betrifft auch den Pendlerverkehr in den Metropolregionen. Damit erhält der öffentliche Nahverkehr einen Nachfrageimpuls in einer Periode, in der die Mobilität u. a. wegen der Homeoffice-Tätigkeit das Vor-Corona-Niveau nicht mehr erreicht.
Ridepooling als Zubringer oder Direktverkehr?
Authors: Diebold Tyll , Zwick Felix , Gertz Carsten
Published: December 2024

Hamburg nimmt deutschlandweit eine führende Rolle bei der Einführung neuer Mobilitätsdienste wahr, was sich insbesondere im Bereich Ridepooling zeigt. Die Angebote hvv hop, ehemals ioki Hamburg, und MOIA sind zwei groß angelegte digitale Ridepooling-Dienste mit sich unterscheidenden Servicekonzepten. Diese Untersuchung vergleicht beide Dienste am Beispiel des ehemaligen ioki Hamburg Bediengebietes in Osdorf/Lurup, in dem heute MOIA aktiv ist. Es zeigen sich zahlreiche Gemeinsamkeiten, aber auch deutliche Unterschiede im Profil der Nutzenden und im zeitlichen wie räumlichen Nutzungsverhalten, die die Wirkungen des jeweiligen Konzeptes anschaulich aufzeigen. Beide Angebote tragen zu einer Transformation hin zu nachhaltigeren, geteilten und digitalen Mobilitätsformen für einen Großteil der Bevölkerung bei und haben sich als Teil des ÖPNV in Hamburg und Umland etabliert.
Evaluation of the impact of tricuspid regurgitation on the right ventricle and atrium of the heart caused by pacemaker leads
Authors: du Toit N. , Botes L. , Basson W. , Thomas V.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The number of permanent device implantations to treat conduction disorders has dramatically increased over the past decade. The aim of the study was to investigate the development of lead-induced tricuspid regurgitation (TR) after permanent endocardial lead implantation. Methods: This prospective analytical observational study included 30 adult patients (≥18 years) that qualified for a cardiac pacemaker. Before implantation, demographic and anthropometric data were recorded. A 2D echocardiogram was performed to evaluate TR prior to implantation and at 6-week and 9 - 16-month followups. TAPSE and tissue doppler imaging (RV S’) were used to evaluate right ventricular function and basal and mid-right ventricular (RV) diameter and right atrial (RA) area.

Results: The TR grade significantly worsened in 46% of patients from baseline to the 9 - 16-month postimplantation. However, the TR was not clinically significant. RV function, RV dimension and RA area remained within normal reference ranges. There was a negligible correlation between TR at baseline vs. the 9 - 16-month follow-up for TAPSE, RA area, basal and mid-RV diameter.

Conclusion: After long-term follow-up, TR grade worsened after lead implantation, but not to clinically significant
(moderate or severe) levels.
The profile of rheumatic heart disease at a tertiary hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Naidoo D. P.
Published: December 2024

Background: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a disease of poverty and a significant public health concern in developing countries. There is little data on the profile of RHD in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa.

Objectives: To describe the demographic, clinical profile, and outcomes of RHD in patients referred to a tertiary cardiology facility in KwaZulu-Natal.

Methods: This is a 5-year (2012 - 2016) retrospective analysis of all patients with RHD referred to the cardiology department at Inkosi Albert Central Luthuli Hospital (IALCH). A structured format was used to extract demographic, clinical, echocardiographic and outcome data of 981 eligible patients aged >12 years. Descriptive analysis was used to report on quantitative data and logistic regression was used to identify significant
associations and independent variables.

Results: The majority of patients were Black (87.9%); the median age was 24 years (IQR 15 - 36 years) and the female to male ratio was 2.3:1. Dyspnoea (92.2%) was the commonest presenting symptom and mitral regurgitation (56.4%) was the commonest valve lesion. The most frequent complications at presentation were atrial fibrillation (AF) (44.9%) followed by heart failure (HF) (28.6%). AF mostly affected the 41 - 60 year age group (OR 2.075, 95% CI 1.22 - 3.52, p=0.007). Compared to the adolescent group (13 -2 0 years), HF was less common in the 21 - 40 years and 41 - 60 years age groups (OR 0.455, 95% CI 0.286 - 0.723, p=001 and OR 0.495, 95% CI 0.288 - 0.852, p=0.011, respectively). Valve replacement was performed in 723 (88.4%) – (mitral valve 62.2%; aortic valve 4.8%; mitral and aortic valves 29%; 3 valve surgeries 4%) – of the 818 patients who had interventional procedures. The mortality rate was high at 20.1%. Mortality was highest in the younger patients (<20 years of age) (p=0.016). Predictors of death were severe disease at a young age (OR 1.268, 95% CI 1.050 - 1.532, p=0.013) and double valve replacement (OR 1.521, 95% CI 1.009 - 2.229, p=0.045).

Conclusion: RHD remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in KZN. HF during the teenage years reflects ongoing carditis with haemodynamic failure resulting in death if unoperated.
Envolvente Acústica de las Viviendas en Edificios en Altura
Authors: Cazón Narvaez Agustina , Juarez Isabel del Valle , Garzón Beatriz Silvia , Cancino Víctor Luis Alberto
Published: December 2024

El estudio examina el confort acústico en viviendas de altura en San Miguel de Tucumán, destacando la importancia del control de ruidos urbanos en la calidad de vida. La investigación se centra en tres edificios de tipo monoambiente, utilizando metodologías cualitativas y cuantitativas para medir la contaminación sonora y el aislamiento acústico. Se realizaron mediciones de ruido exterior e interior, y encuestas a los residentes para evaluar la percepción del confort acústico. Los resultados muestran niveles de ruido superiores a los recomendados por la OMS, indicando la necesidad de mejorar el diseño y aislamiento acústico en estas construcciones para asegurar el bienestar de los habitantes.
Condiciones de vida y políticas públicas urbano-ambientales en arroyos urbanos y sus márgenes
Authors: Zapata Cecilia , Brun Tropiano Agustina
Published: December 2024

Este artículo tiene como objetivo, caracterizar las condiciones de vida de las poblaciones en los márgenes del Arroyo Las Piedras (Quilmes, Buenos Aires), y las intervenciones estatales entre 2019 y 2023. Utilizando un enfoque multimétodo que combina datos cualitativos y cuantitativos, se analizan 23 barrios populares y los hallazgos indican que las familias enfrentan graves problemas de habitabilidad, y alta contaminación ambiental. A pesar de las políticas de infraestructura y vivienda implementadas, estas no abordan los problemas estructurales ni la complejidad de la situación, y carecen de un enfoque ambiental adecuado. Las intervenciones resultan insuficientes; aunque hay esfuerzos coordinados entre gobiernos y organizaciones sociales, las políticas asistenciales tienden a perpetuar la vulnerabilidad en estos territorios. En conclusión, las políticas públicas ejecutadas, al carecer de un enfoque integral, logran mejorar aspectos inmediatos de la vida de estas familias, pero perpetúan la segregación y precariedad de la región.
Chemical engineering aspects in the design and construction of a new type of multimaterial 3D printer using photopolymerization and electrodeposition processes
Authors: Pilch Maciej , Kiesiewicz Dawid , Oksiuta Bartosz , Ortyl Joanna
Published: December 2024

3D printing has recently been experiencing a period of extremely rapid development. This is due to the fact that researchers as well as the industry recognize the many advantages of 3D printing. The dynamic development of this field brings about the advancement of new technologies, leading to the search for new photocurable resin formulations that enable efficient 3D printing in various environments. The development of an appropriate photocurable resin for 3D printing in the aqueous environment of electroplating baths is a crucial aspect in designing new devices for multi-material 3D printing that utilize coupled processes of electrodeposition and photopolymerization. Therefore, this article analyzes the effect of different environments on the kinetics of the photopolymerization process of photo-curable compositions dedicated to 3D printing. The study was carried out in four different environments: argon, water, saturated copper (II) sulfate solution and saturated copper (II) sulfate solution acidified with monomolar sulfuric (VI) acid. The work used techniques such as Fluorescent Probe Technique, photorheology, rheology and Raman spectroscopy to investigate the course of the photopolymerization process. The results of the experiments showed that the environment has a significant effect on the degree of conversion of monomers and on the rate of the photopolymerization process itself.
Adhesion of polymers to electrodeposited copper for a new 3D printing technology for metal-polymer hybrid components
Authors: Kiesiewicz Dawid , Pilch Maciej , Oksiuta Bartosz , Pawlik Justyna
Published: December 2024

3D printing has significantly evolved in recent years. Initially, only plastics were used as materials for 3D printing, but technological advancement has enabled 3D printing with materials such as metals, ceramics and biomaterials. With the development of 3D printing, there emerged a need to create a printer for producing hybrid parts, such as metal-plastic, characterized by both the exceptional strength and durability of metal and the lightweight and insulating properties of plastics. The new technique of 3D printing involves layer-by-layer metal growth in the electroplating process, as well as extrusion of a photopolymer composition, followed by UV light curing on the surface of a copper layer. Prints from this new type of 3D printer must exhibit strong adhesive bonding to prevent damage to the printed model. Therefore, mechanical tests were conducted to examine the adhesion of prepared photopolymer compositions to copper sheet coated with electroplated metal and to regular copper sheet in order to compare the obtained values. Analyzing the test results, it can be concluded that the structure of electrodeposited copper significantly improves the adhesive bond strength.
Effects of Pilot Oil Injection Timing on Combustion, Covariance and Knocking of a Natural Gas–Diesel Duel-Fuel Low-Speed Engine
Authors: Wei Cunfeng , Chen Xiang-Xiang , Chen Liang , Li Pengfei , Liu Mingrui
Published: December 2024

Dual-fuel engines, which are powered by natural gas while using a small amount of diesel for ignition, have become an attractive option in the marine sector due to their fuel flexibility and relatively good emission characteristics. Altering the fuel injection timing can change the combustion state of natural gas in the cylinder, which in turn affects engine stability and leads to engine knocking.

In this study, the effects of different pilot oil injection timings on the combustion stability of a marine low-speed natural gas dual-fuel engine with a pre-combustion chamber are evaluated in terms of the pressure rise, covariance of Pmax and IMEP, combustion phase, and knocking. It is found that the maximum cylinder pressure and pressure rise rate increase with an advance in the pilot oil injection time. After the natural gas enters the combustion chamber, it undergoes a process of mixing with air in the combustion chamber, and earlier pilot oil injection leads to an increase in the ignition delay period and shortens the combustion duration of the engine. Moreover, it is found that earlier pilot oil injection times result in an increase in engine IMEP and Pmax cycle fluctuations, and engine knocking also undergoes an increase when the pilot oil injection time is advanced. Hence, an appropriate pilot oil injection time should be considered in the process of optimising engine performance.
El papel de la Termografía infrarroja en el diagnóstico de Trastornos Temporomandibulares: Revisión Narrativa - 2023.
Authors: Mora Caicedo Richard Fernando , Balanta Julián , Contreras Renjifo Adolfo
Published: December 2024

Los Trastornos temporomandibulares son un colectivo de condiciones musculoesqueléticas que causan dolor y disfunción en los músculos masticatorios, la articulación temporomandibular y regiones anatómicas asociadas, afecta al 5-12% de la población, generando el tipo más común de dolor orofacial no odontogénico, que a su vez incrementa los costos de la atención en los sistemas de salud y en reducción de la calidad de vida. Dichas patologías debido a procesos fisiológicos del dolor y anormalidad en la función pueden generar cambios en la temperatura, por lo cual se ha evaluado en su valoración una herramienta tecnológica emergente llamada Termografía Infrarroja, que permite medir temperaturas a distancia lo cual podría coadyuvar un diagnóstico clínico. Por lo que múltiples ensayos clínicos han hecho uso de dicha tecnología basada en la heterogeneidad térmica de distintos tejidos y su flujo sanguíneo los cuales son directamente proporcionales con la actividad metabólica, es por ello por lo que se requiere hacer una revisión de la literatura, los avances y resultados de dichos estudios.
Objetivo: Efectuar una descripción general de los principales hallazgos y conclusiones de la evidencia clínica disponible sobre la efectividad de la termografía infrarroja en el diagnostico de trastornos temporomandibulares.
Materiales y métodos: La búsqueda inicial abarcó 62 artículos, de los cuales se seleccionaron 11 para esta revisión, distribuidos en Norteamérica 38%, en Europa 14% y 48% en Sudamérica. Se realizó una extensa búsqueda electrónica en las bases de datos: Pubmed, Epistemonikos y Cochrane Library.
Conclusión:  La mayoría de los estudios evaluados han concluido a la termografía como una tecnología prometedora en el diagnostico de trastornos de la articulación temporomandibular, la literatura es altamente variable en criterios de fiabilidad del uso de este instrumento para el diagnóstico de los trastornos temporomandibulares, lo que se ve reflejado en valores de sensibilidad y especificidad con rangos diferenciales ampliamente marcados.
The dynamics of transactional communication in contract marriages within Cipanas community
Authors: Parani Rizaldi , Verga Dinara Hizkiarin , Purba Herman
Published: December 2024

The phenomenon of contract marriages often found in Cipanas Village, Bogor is interesting because it is one of the ways chosen by people to quickly improve their welfare. It’s considered to have an impact on welfare improvement and poverty alleviation in rural communities. Therefore, this study aims to describe how the dynamics of contract marriages based on transactional communication can provide a sense of what is welfare for the people of Cipanas Village. This study applies a qualitative approach supported by the use of the phenomenological method. Data collection was carried out using semi-structured interviews and observations carried out in the field. Data validity is carried out through internal validity and as a measuring tool by checking the consistency of answers given through the same question to ther informants. The results of this study indicate that transactional communication becomes a tool in the verbal negotiation process until an agreement is formed between the parties involved in the practice of contract marriages. This agreement on exchange values that has been approved is considered a safety valve in the economic dimension, especially in creating improvements in people's living standards. The society views the practice of contract marriages as legal and not in violation of religious regulations. The contribution of this research is expected to be a reference for the government and further researchers who will be conducting further studies related to the phenomenon of contract marriages.