bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meanings assigned by families about children’s chronic disease diagnosis
Authors: Xavier Daiani Modernel , Gomes Giovana Calcagno , Cezar-Vaz Marta Regina
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand the meanings assigned by family caregivers about children’s chronic disease diagnosis. Methods: qualitative study, which used as theoretical framework the Symbolic Interactionism, and methodological, the Grounded Theory. It was held in a pediatric unit in Southern Brazil, in 2016, through interviews submitted to open and axial analysis, with the participation of 20 family caregivers of hospitalized children. Results: relatives, interacting with the nursing/health staff, perceive children’s disease at birth. They are diagnosed with chronic disease by the physician and deny it. Subsequently, they accept and seek information on care. Conclusions: the results pointed out the stages that relatives experience by assigning meanings to about children’s chronic disease diagnosis. These meanings provide subsidies for nurses’ actions, which need to be aware of children’s and family’s needs in order to offer comprehensive and humanized care.
Obstetric analgesia in labor and its association with neonatal outcomes
Authors: Silva Yasmin Aparecida Pires , Araújo Fernanda Gontijo , Amorim Torcata , Martins Eunice Francisca , Felisbino-Mendes Mariana Santos
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Objetive: To investigate the association between analgesia during labor and occurrence of neonatal outcomes. Method: Retrospective cohort study with medical records of 850 parturient. The exposure variable of interest was receiving pharmacological analgesia during labor and neonatal outcomes were: one- and five-minute Apgar, resuscitation maneuvers and referral of the newborn to Neonatal ICU. A logistic regression was carried out to obtain Odds Ratios and 95% confidence interval, with adjustment for confounding factors. Results: Among the women studied, 35% received analgesia and this use was associated with a greater chance of neonatal outcomes such as one-minute Apgar < 7 (p <0.0001), resuscitation maneuvers (p <0.001) and referral to the Neonatal ICU (p = 0.004), mostly were among low-risk pregnant women, even after adjustments. Conclusion: The use of pharmacological analgesia during labor is associated with one-minute Apgar < 7, resuscitation maneuvers and referral to the Neonatal ICU.
Benefits of ginger in the control of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting
Authors: Borges Dayane Oliveira , Freitas Karina Alexandra Batista da Silva , Minicucci Eliana Maria , Popim Regina Célia
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: To identify and discuss scientific evidence of the effects of ginger use on the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Methods: This is an integrative reviewperformed by Ganong’s reference. Results: We included 24 studies, highlighting three thematic categories, namely 1) antiemetic action of ginger - nausea (13 articles; of these, nine significant) and emesis (10 studies; of these, six significant); 2) action in the control of nausea (11 articles; of these, six significant) and vomiting (8 articles; of these, three significant) in the acute phase; 3) action in the control of nausea (6 articles; of these, three significant) and vomiting (6 articles; of these, three significant) in the delayed phase. There were divergences of the methods used. Final considerations: This complementary therapy has low cost and easy access, but no statistical confirmation of its effectiveness in the management of nausea and vomiting in cancer patients was found.
UM ESTUDO SOBRE LICENCIATURAS EM CIÊNCIAS DA NATUREZA NO BRASIL
Authors: REIS RITA DE CÁSSIA , MORTIMER EDUARDO FLEURY
Published: March 2020

RESUMO: Neste artigo, discutimos a formação acadêmico-profissional de professores de ciências para atuar no ensino fundamental. Consideramos que o docente que leciona nesse nível deveria contar com uma formação exclusiva, que atendesse às necessidades pedagógicas do ensino fundamental e que subsidiasse a concretização, em sala de aula, de um currículo de Ciências da Natureza baseado no diálogo entre os conhecimentos disciplinares estruturadores das áreas de Química, Física, Biologia, Geologia e Astronomia. Nesse sentido, analisamos as matrizes curriculares de cursos de Licenciaturas Plenas em Ciências da Natureza. Consideramos as áreas disciplinares contempladas, os eixos formativos e os diversos contextos de criação dos cursos. A investigação sobre a formação proporcionada por esses cursos possibilitou que traçássemos pontos que diferenciam e caracterizam esse tipo de formação.
Chilled raw milk quality: a case study in Zona da Mata region, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
Authors: Lima Luiz Paulo de , Braga Gustavo Bastos , Perez Ronaldo , Carvalho Antonio Fernandes de
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT: This paper aimed to analyze the evolution of the quality of raw milk produced by producers in the Zona da Mata region, in the state of Minas Gerais, between 2012 and 2018. For this purpose, we used the linear mixed-effects model to analyze the monthly evolution of the results of milk composition indicators (fat, protein, and defatted dry extract - DDE), somatic cell count - SCC, and total bacterial count - TBC, from the official monthly registry of 94 milk producers, suppliers of a region’s dairy. Results indicate a continuous reduction in the milk composition indicators between 2014 and 2018. For the SCC and TBC indicators, we identified only one-off reductions. The supply of a larger volume of milk was associated with increased TBC. Seasonality influenced all quality indicators analyzed. According to these results, we concluded that the analyzed quality of chilled raw milk offered by producers was proven worse from 2012 to 2018, despite the actions implemented by the National Milk Quality Improvement Program - PNMQL.
Del gongorino confortable a la gongorina incómoda: la inscripción americana del Barroco a partir de Boca do Inferno
Authors: Croce Marcela
Published: March 2020

Resumen El artículo propone una lectura del barroco brasileño en clave latinoamericana. Con ese propósito, aborda la novela Boca do Inferno de Ana Miranda y la contrasta inicialmente con O sequestro do Barroco na Formação da literatura brasileira: o caso Gregório de Matos de Haroldo de Campos. A partir de la figura de Gregório de Matos, el trabajo postula la necesidad de correlacionar al poeta bahiano con Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz. La hipótesis del texto es que Sor Juana resulta “secuestrada” en el barroco brasileño por la impugnación que realizó al Padre Vieira (otro personaje central de la novela de Miranda) y que sin la inclusión de Sor Juana es imposible definir el barroco en América. El ejercicio apunta a un estudio de caso sobre la necesidad de incluir la literatura brasileña, de manera más orgánica, a la literatura latinoamericana.
Ciudades caídas. Destrucción y mundo en ruinas en Relación de Texcoco de Juan Bautista Pomar (1582)
Authors: Aldao María Inés
Published: March 2020

Resumen Las crónicas mestizas novohispanas se caracterizan por relatar los orígenes, el pasado y las costumbres de los pueblos cabecera, así como instancias relativas a la conquista y evangelización de México. Sin embargo, mediante un discurso atravesado por la retórica cristiana de la caída de Jerusalén, expresan también las ruinas a partir de las cuales se erige ese nuevo orden, en apariencia, armónico. En este artículo me propongo dar cuenta del relato de la destrucción y del mundo en ruinas que subyace en la voz sutilmente crítica y disidente de las crónicas mestizas novohispanas. Para esto, ejemplifico con Relación de Texcoco (1582) de Juan Bautista Pomar, texto especialmente significativo por su complejo y oscilante locus de enunciación, elemento constitutivo de toda crónica mestiza.
Rasgos de colonialidad en la atención médica a pueblos indígenas
Authors: Manzano Mariana Ramírez
Published: March 2020

Resumen El centro de interés de este artículo es la atención médica hospitalaria a los pueblos indígenas en la Colonia y los fundamentos, prácticas, relaciones interétnicas (entendiendo por etnia igualmente un pueblo mesoamericano y cualquier pueblo ajeno a Mesoamérica). Se aludirá a algunas características de la medicina y práctica médica indígena a fin de destacar las similitudes y diferencias y las actitudes de las etnias europeas hacia tales contrastes. El propósito de ejemplificar las prácticas médicas de una y otra etnia y contrastar sus respuestas es encontrar en la analogía una razón suficiente para cuestionar el posicionamiento de una práctica sobre la otra. Plantear los rasgos favorables o desfavorables para la atención médica a los pueblos indígenas en la Colonia para finalmente ubicar la presencia actual de dichos rasgos en algún caso.
La escritura colonial: agenciamiento de cuerpos y lenguas no tipográficas
Authors: Gambetta Eugenia Ortiz
Published: March 2020

Resumen La escritura europea irrumpe en el espacio americano durante la Conquista. Diversos testimonios revelan esas dinámicas de jerarquización y dominación de voces y lenguas no tipográficas. La propuesta de este artículo es recontextualizar el proceso de agenciamiento de saberes y cuerpos a partir de la consideración de presupuestos teológicos y epistemológicos sobre la verdad y la preeminencia del Logos, y cómo se confrontó especialmente la voz hecha cuerpo en los cantos y bailes de los nativos americanos como fenómenos esquivos de este proceso.
La carnalidad poética de José Ángel Valente. Tradução de Mandorla (primeira seção)
Authors: Valladares Saturnino
Published: March 2020

Resumen Después de traducir la elegía No amanece el cantor (2018), el primer libro de José Ángel Valente que se publicó en Brasil, deseo presentarle al lector brasileño un conjunto de poemas del mismo autor, aunque con una temática radicalmente distinta. En concreto, son los diecisiete poemas eróticos que componen la primera parte de Mandorla, poemario publicado originalmente en 1982.
Colonialidade e assimetria nos contextos Sul-Americanos da Língua Portuguesa
Authors: Montaury Alexandre
Published: March 2020

Resumo O presente texto tem como objetivo central desenvolver uma reflexão sobre condições preliminares de análise do que poderiam algumas especificidades no desenvolvimento das políticas coloniais portuguesas, presentes na experiência mais antiga empreendida no Brasil e, mais recentemente, até o último quarto do século XX, em países africanos. Inúmeras obras de ficção modernas e contemporâneas focalizaram, direta ou indiretamente, as derivas de uma mentalidade colonial no interior das ex-colônias portuguesas. A memória desta experiência, que implica regimes tensos de coabitação epistêmica, têm sido identificada por parte da crítica como um dos traços estruturantes da contemporaneidade. O artigo pretende identificar algumas respostas que o campo literário tem procurado oferecer aos legados e às heranças desta experiência, a partir de premissas teórico-metodológicas disponíveis nos campos de estudos pós e de-coloniais.
After 10 years the myth of Crotalaria spp. and dragonflies remains alive
Authors: Brito Joás , Louback-Franco Nayara , Mendoza Cristian , Nonato Flávia , Juen Leandro , Michelan Thaisa
Published: March 2020

Abstract The struggle to control insect-borne diseases can lead to make rash decisions. For instance, the controversial method of planting of Crotalaria spp. to attract predatory dragonflies can be used to control insect vectors of dengue fever and several other medically significant insect-borne diseases. Nevertheless, there is no scientific support for this assumption. Despite the lack of evidence, in Brazil, there remains a multitude of online articles and grey literature sources still promote Crotalaria planting as a means to prevent dengue fever. Here we discuss the reasons why Odonata would not be attracted by Crotalaria and, therefore, it cannot not be considered as an efficient method for vector control. Finally, the best practice to avoid the spread of insect-borne diseases in the tropics is to avoid the accumulation of standing water in urban areas.
Análise dos Níveis de Empatia de Professores e Preceptores Médicos de um Curso de Medicina
Authors: Nunes Geórgia Ferreira , Guimarães Thays Ferreira , Pargeon Júlia da Paixão Oliveira Mello e , Bastos Gabriela Cunha Fialho Cantarelli , Silva Antonio Márcio Teodoro Cordeiro , Almeida Rogério José de
Published: March 2020

Resumo: Introdução: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os níveis de empatia, bem como os aspectos sociodemográficos e pessoais relacionados a docentes e preceptores médicos de um curso de Medicina. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal analítico com abordagem quantitativa. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de questionários aplicados a docentes e preceptores médicos vinculados ao curso de Medicina da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás (PUC Goiás), desde o módulo I até o XII, os quais tinham contato direto com os acadêmicos, assim como com os pacientes. A amostragem utilizada foi por conveniência. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre os meses de agosto e novembro de 2018. Dois questionários foram aplicados, sendo um com dados sociodemográficos e o outro com a Escala Multidimensional de Reatividade Interpessoal (EMRI), que mensura multidimensionalmente a empatia. Resultados: Incluíram-se na pesquisa 101 médicos, entre docentes e preceptores. A média de idade foi de 45,2 (±8,4) anos. Quanto ao sexo, 45,5% da amostra foi composta pelo sexo feminino e 54,4% pelo sexo masculino. A maioria era casada (80,2%) e possuía alguma religião. Identificaram-se maiores escores de empatia no gênero feminino, nas dimensões FS (p = 0,0468), CE (p = 0,0219) e AP (p = 0,0230), bem como na média geral (p = 0,0057). Níveis maiores de empatia também foram identificados entre os que possuíam uma religião, na dimensão AP (p = 0,0074). Os aspectos pessoais que obtiveram maiores escores nas dimensões da escala foram docentes e preceptores médicos que afirmaram que procuram orientar os seus alunos sobre empatia, dimensões FS (p = 0,0341), CE (p = 0,0398), TP (p = 0,0464) e média geral (p = 0,0442); aqueles que afirmaram que são pessoas empáticas, dimensões FS (p = 0,0327), CE (p = 0,0061), TP (p = 0,0008) e média geral (p = 0,0067); aqueles que estão satisfeitos com suas atitudes no exercício da docência, dimensão TP (p = 0,0289). Conclusão: Os dados apontaram que aspectos sociodemográficos e pessoais dos docentes e preceptores médicos exercem influência direta em maiores ou menores níveis de empatia. Tal evidência é relevante, já que a formação de futuros médicos mais empáticos depende da influência desses docentes e preceptores médicos.
Crianças em Situação de Violência Intrafamiliar: Conceitos, Vivências e Sentimentos de Graduandos de Medicina
Authors: Santos Nilma Lazara de Almeida Cruz , Lima Isabel Maria Sampaio Oliveira , Carvalho Rosely Cabral de
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT: Introduction: The objective of the study was to learn about the concepts of violence among medical undergraduate students in the state of Bahia, their personal experiences with the phenomenon and advice regarding case referral. Method: a qualitative research was carried out with 20 undergraduate medical students from public institutions in the state of Bahia. The data were collected via the web through an electronic file made available by Google Forms. The students were informed about the page address through an e-mail. Results: Most of the students said that the topic of “Violence against Children” was addressed during their undergraduate years. Shared conceptions by most of the students on the subject are related to the definitions of violence as physical injuries inflicted on the victims, but broader definitions of social and subjective perception, encompassing different dimensions of the phenomenon were also identified. The most frequently cited feelings experienced in situations of violence were the following: helplessness, fear, sadness, unpreparedness, compassion, empathy, anger and rage. The difficulties that the students encountered in approaching the victims of violence stem from the lack of preparation in the training and from the positions related to the physicians themselves, such as fear of involvement and accountability. The inherent characteristics of children and distrust in protective services were also mentioned. Conclusion: Although the students reported having contact with the topic during graduation, most of them evaluated the training as insufficient. The lack of professional preparation to approach the medical-social issues, such as violence, has been partially attributed to the biologicist bias of the medical training. In this sense, we highlight the understanding of violence as an essentially social and historical phenomenon, to the detriment of the different dimensions of the illness that imply in the health-disease process. From this perspective, this bias obscure the recognition of the different manifestations of violence as objects of healthcare work, suggesting a need for a broader approach in medical education, which can help to contemplate the complexity of the subject.
Consumo de Estimulantes Cerebrais por Estudantes em Instituições de Ensino de Montes Claros/MG
Authors: Santana Luíza Côrtes , Ramos Andreza Neves , Azevedo Bruna Lopes de , Neves Inácio Luiz Morais , Lima Mateus Magalhães , Oliveira Marcos Vinícius Macedo de
Published: March 2020

Resumo: Introdução: A entrada dos jovens na universidade gera uma mudança de ambiente e costumes, tornando-se um período de grande vulnerabilidade para o uso de substâncias psicoativas. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o uso de substâncias psicoativas por estudantes de graduação e pré-vestibulandos, de Montes Claros-MG. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, transversal, que avaliou 348 estudantes, em instituições de ensino pré-vestibular (52 estudantes) e superior (98 de Engenharia Civil, 68 de Medicina e 130 de Direito), da cidade de Montes Claros, em Minas Gerais, analisando fatores associados ao uso de psicoestimulantes. Para a obtenção dos dados, utilizou-se um questionário padronizado e validado de autopreenchimento. Obtiveram-se informações sobre o uso de metilfenidato (Ritalina®), cafeína, pó de guaraná, modafinila, piracetam, energético, anfetamina e ecstasy. Resultados: Dos 348 estudantes entrevistados, cerca de 53,7% faziam uso de algum psicoestimulante. Houve um maior uso de substâncias psicoativas nos participantes do grupo do pré-vestibular (75%) em relação ao ensino superior (50%). Observou-se uma maior prevalência do uso atual de cafeína (63,5%) e de pó de guaraná (11,5%) entre os estudantes de pré-vestibular, e de ecstasy (1,7%) e cloridrato de metilfenidato (1,9%) entre os estudantes de ensino superior. A redução do sono (64,9%) foi o efeito mais percebido pelos usuários de estimulantes cerebrais do ensino superior, seguido de melhora na concentração (48%), no bem-estar (45,3%) e no raciocínio (38,5%), redução da fadiga (33,1%), melhora na memória (23,6%) e redução do estresse (23%). Entretanto, nos estudantes do pré-vestibular apenas a melhora no raciocínio (43,6%) e a redução do estresse (23%) obtiveram relevância significativa. Conclusões: Foi possível observar uma maior prevalência do uso de psicoestimulantes nos pré-vestibulandos em relação ao grupo dos universitários. Entre as áreas do ensino superior, não foram encontradas diferenças quanto ao uso dos estimulantes cerebrais pesquisados. É preciso destacar os malefícios do uso de psicoestimulantes em longo prazo, sobretudo a dependência e a tolerância química. Em função disso, o apoio familiar e o psicopedagógico são indispensáveis para prevenir e tratar as consequências do uso desmedido de psicoestimulantes.
Reflexões sobre a Terminalidade da Vida com Acadêmicos de Medicina
Authors: Brito Priscelly Cristina Castro , Sobreiro Izaura Mariana , Atzingen Dênia Amélia Novato Castelli von , Silva José Vitor da , Mendonça Adriana Rodrigues dos Anjos
Published: March 2020

Abstract: Introduction: Death and dying are daily relevant themes for health care professionals and medical students. Nonetheless, since their first years of graduation, students are contrived to supplant the holistic conception of human beings and life in favor of enhancing the technical aspects of the medical profession. Methods: Therefore, in face of the few opportunities to enquire about these future professionals’ feelings and comprehensions toward life terminality, we pursued their perceptions through the application of a semi-structured questionnaire. Ten students from each year of the medical course at UNIVAS were interviewed, encompassing 60 scholars. Students should be regularly enrolled in the medical course, as well as give their consent, by signing the Consent Term, to participate in the study. The interviews took place at the institution and the material containing students’ responses was fully destroyed afterwards. Their responses were analyzed based on the Discourse of the Collective Subject Method. Results: The idea of terminality being properly the “end of life” was paramount among the years, situation with which a great amount of the scholars (58%) admitted not being prepared to deal with, due to the lack of reflections about death, its psychological aspects and repercussions in the academic context. Interestingly, about 16% of the scholars considered themselves prepared to deal with someone’s death, although they were not prepared to intervene in the actual process. This is reinforced by the fact that students must deal with the real scenario of giving undesirable news without previously being prepared to do so, by means of reflecting upon a hypothetical related to the “life-death binomial”. Conclusion: Thus, it seems necessary to create spaces in the curriculum that yield not only theoretical-practical but also affective support in situations related to terminality. The proposal of a theoretical-practical education based on palliative care amid the learning programs would shape confident attitudes of future health care professionals towards care.
Prevalência de Fixação dos Egressos das Residências Médicas no Estado do Tocantins, no Período de 2013-2017
Authors: Guedes Ana Carolina Batista de Souza , Dias Fellipe Camargo Ferreira , Osório Neila Barbosa , Baldaçara Raquel Prudente de Carvalho , Guedes Virgílio Ribeiro , Silva Neto Luiz Sinésio
Published: March 2020

Abstract: Introduction: The accomplishment of medical residency (MR) is a type of qualification considered to be the “gold standard” for medical specialization. Understanding whether there is actually greater professional settlement or not stimulated by MR and which factors hinder or contribute to the physician’s permanence in that place, are important information for the structuring of medical residency and health system programs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of settlement of medical residents who finished the residency training in the state of Tocantins, after the implementation of medical residency programs in the period from 2013 to 2017. Method: This is an observational quantitative research, with a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical design, using the telematic technique and its own questionnaire, carried out with 44 medical residents that finished the medical residency program in the state of Tocantins. The project was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Tocantins (UFT) under Opinion number 2.292.540. Results: The prevalence of settlement was 65.9% of physicians in the state of Tocantins. Most residents were females (59.1%), with a mean age of 30.8 ± 3.1 years, income between 10 and 20 minimum wages (55.8%) and worked during their residency training (84.1%). The specialties that showed the highest settlement rates were general surgery and clinical medicine, and among these, the majority works for the private and state health networks. The main reason for not settling in Tocantins was to attend another residency or subspecialty program in another state (64.7%). Conclusion: The prevalence of medical residents that finished the residency and settled in Tocantins during the analyzed period can be considered high (65.9%). The fact that most of these individuals are young and female and the reason for not settling in the state are important indicators to be analyzed together with the settlement process and the offering of positions in the specialties available in Tocantins. The results of the study indicated a favorable and strategic perspective of the Medical Residency Programs (MRP) in the medical settlement in Tocantins, which cannot be generalized to the reality of such an unequal health system in the country. A larger public investment in the structuring of health network services is necessary, especially in the municipal network, in the organization of support and socioeconomic development of cities.
Teleconsultation: an Integrative Review of the Doctor-Patient Interaction Mediated by Technology
Authors: Catapan Soraia de Camargo , Calvo Maria Cristina Marino
Published: March 2020

Abstract: Medical teleconsultation can apply different technologies to mediate the communication between doctors and patients located in different geographic spaces. Its implementation has been encouraged in several countries, under the assumption of its potential to overcome distances, offering health care in a shorter time, reducing costs and workload. The scarcity of evidence about these allegations, in addition to the need of clarifying the situations in which teleconsultation can be adequate, safe and effective, have generated debates, intensified after the publication of Resolution N. 2.227/2018 by the Federal Council of Medicine, which allowed medical teleconsultation, containing principles and recommendations. This article aims to analyze the international experience of medical teleconsultation, including the media and technologies employed, their use, benefits and limitations, highlighting and associating the controversial points of the resolution recently published by the Federal Council of Medicine. An integrative review of the literature was carried out to identify these experiences from January 2013 to February 2019. Of the 1912 identified references, 42 were analyzed after applying the exclusion and inclusion criteria. Data collection and analysis indicated that telephone, e-mail, e-consulting systems, video or a combination of those have been used in several countries to mediate the doctor-patient relationship. Its use goes ranges from diagnosis to treatment, monitoring, management and prescription, both in acute and chronic conditions. The main benefits include less demand for face-to-face consultations, with the possibility of doctors’ workload management, allowing systems’ reorganization. Moreover, the teleconsultation allows overcoming distance barriers, in a flexible and convenient way for patients, possibly contributing to continuity of care, patient autonomy and resource savings, in the latter case, when it avoids work absenteeism due to face-to-face consultation. Some limitations of the teleconsultation include the inability to perform the physical examination, so it is not recommended for the first consultation. Technical and communication difficulties for each media, as well as its inadequacy for some groups of patients, are other important barriers. Data security regarding diagnosis and clinical precision, patients’ and professionals’ acceptance and the need for organizational adjustments are also considered limitations of the teleconsultation. The success of the teleconsultation depends on the integration of different organizations and professionals, aiming to maximize its potential and improve service design, encompassing clinical, technical, organizational and context issues. Therefore, it is important to investigate in which contexts, situations and conditions the teleconsultation can be beneficial, safe and effective for patient care, as well as the most appropriate means of communication.
Investigating moral distress over a shortage of organs for transplantation
Authors: Victorino João Paulo , Wilson Donna M.
Published: March 2020

Abstract We verified moral distress related to organ shortage for transplantation in nursing students. This quantitative pilot study analyzed data from 104 nursing undergraduate students. Data were collected through a survey composed of four questions and two sociodemographic items. The chi-squared test was used to examine categorical variables, whereas continuous variable data were analyzed using ANOVA and the Pearson Product Moment correlational test for determining the existence of moral distress regarding the availability of one heart for four individuals susceptible to heart transplantation. A high level of moral distress was identified with regard to the hypothetical decision-making process, which justifies the need for further studies on the subject. Given the hypothetical scenario, moral distress was observed among the students, reaching severe distress in some cases. Approval CEP-University of Alberta Pro00068610
Avaliação do conhecimento de estudantes de medicina sobre sigilo médico
Authors: Lima Sylvia Márcia Fernandes dos Santos , Silva Sandy Mayra Motta da , Neves Nedy Maria Branco Cerqueira , Crisostomo Lucíola Maria Lopes
Published: March 2020

Resumo O sigilo médico é um dos princípios basilares da medicina, e espera-se que o profissional da área sempre resguarde o que lhe é relatado ou descoberto. Este estudo objetiva avaliar o conhecimento dos estudantes de medicina de uma universidade privada de Salvador/BA sobre o sigilo na relação médico-paciente. Trata-se de estudo transversal, descritivo e observacional realizado entre agosto e novembro de 2017 com 305 alunos de medicina do primeiro ao décimo primeiro semestre, por meio de questionário estruturado com situações-problema sobre sigilo profissional, com base no Código de Ética Médica, Capítulo IX. Foi estabelecido aleatoriamente um grau de conhecimento suficiente e insuficiente para os estudantes. A maioria deles mostrou conhecimento suficiente, e o décimo primeiro semestre obteve mais acertos nos casos-problema propostos no questionário. Portanto, torna-se necessário aprofundar continuamente o estudo da temática de forma transversal, devido a sua importância na relação médico-paciente. Aprovação CEP-Unifacs 2.125.574
TEORIAS SUBJETIVAS DE DOCENTES SOBRE LA INSERCIÓN LABORAL DE SUS ALUMNOS CON CEGUERA
Authors: Fajardo Maritza , Castro-Carrasco Pablo J.
Published: March 2020

RESUMEN La inserción laboral de las personas con ceguera ha sido investigada, pero no existen trabajos que indaguen sobre lo que piensan y conocen los docentes que forman a estas personas y sobre las dificultades de sus estudiantes para insertarse laboralmente después de su educación. El objetivo de esta investigación cualitativa fue comprender las teorías subjetivas de seis docentes de un establecimiento educacional de La Serena, Chile. El método de recolección de datos utilizado fue la entrevista en profundidad y el estudio de los datos se realizó a través de los procedimientos de codificación de la grounded theory y el análisis del contenido de las teorías subjetivas. Se encontró, como principal resultado que, para los participantes la educación inadecuada del ciego es la principal causa de la dificultad para la inserción laboral. Esta investigación puede aportar información valiosa para aquellos encargados de las políticas públicas entorno a la discapacidad visual.
Photosynthetically active radiation in strawberry produced in stair-like containers
Authors: Velasco-López Federico , Martínez-Gutiérrez Gabino A , Morales Isidro , Vasquez-López Alfonso , Escamirosa-Tinoco Cirenio
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT In intensive hydroponic systems, such vertical and pyramidal systems, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and integrated (IPAR) may be intercepted by the containers and the leaf area of the plants grown in the upper strata, decreasing fruit yields and quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavior of PAR and IPAR at different planting heights and the effect of geographic orientation and fruit yield and quality of strawberry produced in stair-like containers. The factors were four heights of the container (0.20, 0.50, 0.80 and 1.10 m) and two orientations (east and west). At each height and orientation of the container, PAR and IPAR, yield and fruit total soluble solids were measured. PAR and IPAR were statistically different at all heights evaluated and were highest in the highest containers. The east and west orientation of the containers was significantly different in the morning and in the afternoon for PAR and IPAR, while daily average values were equal. Yield on average was 47% higher in plants cultivated in containers at heights of 0.50, 0.80 and 1.10 m, relative to those in 0.20 m high containers. Fruits grown in the highest containers had higher values of total soluble solids.
Comparison of chili pepper breeding populations for agronomic traits and polygenic resistance to Phytophthora blight
Authors: Arpaci Bekir Bülent , Karataş Kerim
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Belonging to the Oomycete class, Phytophthora capsici has wide range of host profile and is responsible for many devastating diseases in many countries. In addition to time consuming problem for transferring resistance to susceptible varieties, backcrossing method causes losing of genes providing resistance to susceptible varieties. In this study transferring P. capsici resistance genes to susceptible chili pepper lines was aimed during the extensive breeding period and resistant lines were confirmed by marker assistance. Two different breeding populations from CM334 and PM217 were compared by stem inoculation test to determine receptivity, inducibility, and stability resistance component. CM334 was found more effective for transferring all resistance components while PM217 was found suitable for keeping agronomic traits along with two important resistance component inducibility and stability. These two resistant components were found highly correlated to length of stem necrosis. C-29 and C-18 have been improved from CM334 as resistant as CM334; P-73 and P-77 have been improved satisfactorily resistant and yielded lines from PM217. Marker assisted selection proved that resistance of lines differentiated phenotypically despite the genotypes have the same genes.
New resistance sources to root-knot nematode in Capsicum pepper
Authors: Pinheiro Jadir B , Silva Giovani Olegario da , Macêdo Amanda G , Biscaia Danielle , Ragassi Carlos Francisco , Ribeiro Cláudia SC , Carvalho Sabrina Isabel C de , Reifschneider Francisco José B
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Thirty seven pepper genotypes, Capsicum chinense, C. annuum and C. frutescens, were characterized for resistance to three root-knot nematode species (Meloidogyne javanica, M. incognita race 1 and M. enterolobii) aiming to find potential resistance sources to be used in breeding programs. Three experiments were carried out, in 2013, 2014 and 2016, in a greenhouse, in randomized block design and six replicates, one plant/pot. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and average clustering. All evaluated pepper genotypes were resistant or immune to M. javanica. For M. incognita race 1, all accessions of C. frutescens, evaluated in the first experiment, were resistant, whereas the six accessions of C. chinense were susceptible. For M. incognita, all genotypes of C. chinense and C. annuum, evaluated in the second experiment, were resistant. In the third experiment, evaluating C. annuum genotypes, we verified that most were susceptible to M. incognita race 1; genotypes CNPH 30118 and CNPH 6144 were resistant, though. M. enterolobii, which is the most aggressive species, with few resistance sources described, showed a tendency of greater degree of resistance in C. chinense and C. frutescens. Although most of the evaluated genotypes were susceptible, significant differences were observed regarding the degree of susceptibility. The main contribution of this study was the identification of a genotype resistant to M. enterolobii, cultivar BRS Nandaia, which can be used in breeding programs.
Evaluation of photosynthetic photon flux in lettuce cultivation at different shading levels
Authors: Cometti Nilton Nélio , Silva Josimar V da , Zonta Everaldo , Cessa Raphael MA
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Protected cultivation has grown in Brazil. Generally, greenhouses are covered with transparent plastic film and shading screen. The plastic, over time, loses its transparency due to pollution residues, dust and other debris. The loss of transparency reduces lightness, photosynthesis and leads to losses of productivity and product quality. The losses are not always detectable by the farmer. Additionally, internal shading screens are used to reduce heating transmission to the ground. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of shading on lettuce crop productivity and to determine the optimum shading to reach the highest productivity. Plots were set up inside and outside the greenhouse, with four shading levels with black screens (0, 35, 50 and 75%). The treatments were converted to real shading from the photosynthetic photon flux measurement. The results of fresh and dry phytomass were treated and analyzed by regression as a function of the real shading. In ambient conditions of photosynthetic photon fluxes around 1000 μmol m-2 s-1, reaching up to 2000 μmol m-2 s-1 at some hours of the day, typical of tropical environment, lettuce may support a shading of up to 50% without risk of productivity reduction; under these conditions, shading between 20 and 35% is beneficial, and can guarantee its maximum productivity in lettuce cultivation. It is recommended that the lettuce producer in protected cultivation monitors the shelf life of the plastic, avoiding that the shading exceeds 50%. In order to compare shading experiments, one should use the incident photon flux (FFI) for the whole crop cycle, indicating the minimum limit value of FFI = 600 mol m-2 cycle-1 for the crispy lettuce at an average temperature close to 21oC.
Selection indexes for agronomic and chemical traits in segregating sweet corn populations
Authors: Silva Marina F e , Maciel Gabriel M , Finzi Rafael R , Peixoto Joicy Vitoria M , Rezende Wender S , Castoldi Renata
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT In the sweet corn breeding, the selection of superior genotypes should consider many traits simultaneously. The best strategy to select traits simultaneously is through selection indexes. This study aimed to compare the efficiency of different selection indexes based on characteristics with direct effect on grain yield in segregating sweet corn populations. Eighteen traits were evaluated in eight sweet corn genotypes on generation F3. Data were submitted to analyses of variance and path coefficient analyses. We compared the direct and indirect selection and the following indexes: base, classical, desired gains and genotype-ideotype distance. According to path coefficient analyses, the traits which showed a direct effect about grain yield (GY) were stand, number of ears, ear diameter, number of grains per row and industrial yield, which composed the indexes. The base index provided the greatest total genetic gain, desired gains on all traits, uniform distribution of the gains and considerable gains on GY.
Nitrogen sources on yield, mineral nutrition and bromatology of Cyclanthera pedate
Authors: Valadares Samuel V , Valadares Rafael V , Costa Candido A , Martins Ernane R , Fernandes Luiz A
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Caygua fruits (Cyclanthera pedata) are used both in cooking and for medicinal purposes. However, few studies on this species, considered a non-conventional vegetable, can be found in literature. This study aimed to assess the responses of caygua crop to green manure and mineral nitrogen fertilization, in relation to marketable fruit productivity, nutrient content in leaves and fruits and bromatological composition. The study was carried out in a randomized block design with four treatments and five replicates: 1) control (without nitrogen); 2) 60 kg ha-1 nitrogen (urea form); 3) green manuring using Cajanus cajans and 4) green manuring using Crotalaria juncea. The plots consisted of three caygua lines with four plants per line (spacing 2x1 m). In the treatments using green manure, three lines of these respective legumes were cultivated. We evaluated marketable fruit productivity, nutrient contents in fruits and leaves and bromatological composition of the fruits. Production of caygua fruits was higher in the treatment consisting of urea application (23.6 t ha-1), followed by Crotalaria juncea (15.6 t ha-1), Cajanus cajans (14.8 t ha-1) and control (9.2 t ha-1). Treatments did not influence the nutrient contents in fruits and leaves and the bromatological composition. However, in relation to higher productivity, the amounts of nutrients absorbed by plants and accumulated in fruits were higher in treatments using mineral fertilization due to the higher yield. The bromatological analysis of fruits showed considerable contents of crude protein and ether extract, highlighting the potential of this species to human diet.
Repeatability and heritability of production characters in strawberry fruits
Authors: Andrade Júnior Valter C , Oliveira Altino JM , Guimarães Amanda G , Ferreira Marcos Aurélio M , Cavalcanti Vytória P , Fernandes José Sebastião C
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT The estimation of repeatability coefficient provides support to define the number and the appropriate period of genotype evaluations, obtaining better success in breeding programs, in order to lower labor costs. Therefore, knowing repeatability and heritability parameters is relevant. Thus, the aim of this study was to estimate the repeatability and heritability coefficients and accurately determine the number of measurements. Eight strawberry cultivars were analyzed in a randomized block design with four replicates and eighteen plants per plot, being harvested twice a week over a period of six months (May to October, 2012), totalizing six evaluations. Among the evaluated traits, the estimated heritabilities ranged from 3.13% (number of fruits) to 40.20% (average fruit mass) whereas the repeatability ranged from 9.00 to 42.06% for the same characters. The minimum number of evaluations, to reach a coefficient of determination with an accuracy of about 80%, ranged from the maximum of 40 for fruit number and the minimum of 6 for average fruit mass. In order to be considered commercially important marketable fruit mass, minimum of 20 evaluations are required, it means, at least, 20 months.
Effect of humus and soil substrates on production parameters and quality of organic strawberries
Authors: Hoehne Lucélia , Altmayer Taciélen , Martini Maira C , Finatto Jordana , Brietzke Débora T , Kuhn Daniel , Schweizer Ytan A , Vettorello Gabriela , Cordeiro Sabrina G , Ethur Eduardo M , Freitas Elisete M de , Severo Filho Wolmar A
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT This study aims to verify the most suitable substrate formulation based on proportions of earthworm humus and soil to improve the quality of organic strawberries. Vermicomposting generated humus and strawberry seedlings were planted in different humus:soil ratios: (0:100; 20:80; 40:60; 60:40; 80:20 and 100:0, respectively). The proportional conditions were characterized after planting and after 60-day cultivation, plants were harvested, and chemical characterizations of the soil and plants were made. We verified that with an increase of humus content in the substrate, an increase in values of N, P, K, pH and organic matter in soil and dry and fresh mass in shoot area of the plants were noticed. In relation to fruits, pH, humidity and sodium concentration, the authors noticed no change under any conditions and ash content was lower when an increase of humus in soil was observed. Higher values of potassium and protein occurred from 40:60 and 60:40, respectively. Higher values for average strawberry production were verified from 60:40 condition. Reducing sugars and titratable acidity increased and stabilized at 20:80 and 60:40, respectively. Thus, in order to avoid excess of nutrients in the substrate, which can hinder plant growth, humus condition in the ratio 60:40 humus:soil is recommended for higher values of production, nutrients and protein in strawberry cultivation.
As estratégias de governamento identitário na Educação
Authors: Gräff Patrícia , Lopes Maura Corcini
Published: March 2020

Resumo O texto problematiza as estratégias de governamento identitário operadas na Educação, na Contemporaneidade. No cruzamento entre os estudos de Michel Foucault e as teorizações que filiam-se ao pensamento social contemporâneo, articula o governamento como ferramenta para o exercício analítico produzido sobre seis publicações do Ministério da Educação, que compõem a coleção Educação para Todos. Mostra duas estratégias de governamento identitário delineadas nas políticas educacionais: a produção da tolerância e a inversão do estigma, que assumem, como fim, o esmaecimento das práticas de discriminação. Conclui-se, por fim, que a inversão parcial do estigma inviabiliza a incorporação da tolerância nos relacionamentos entre os indivíduos, fazendo com que essas estratégias não produzam os efeitos esperados.
Monitoramento e avaliação da assistência ao estudante universitário: o caso do Programa de Residência Universitária da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco
Authors: Souza Rafael Cipriano de , Costa Maria Aparecida Tenório Salvador da
Published: March 2020

Resumo A regulamentação e a estruturação das ações governamentais voltadas à permanência de discentes nas universidades públicas federais brasileiras deram-se, sobretudo, a partir do Programa Nacional de Assistência Estudantil (Pnaes), em 2010. Contudo, a concretização dos direitos sociais (em especial, o direito à Educação Superior), propiciada por essas políticas, não se limita ao estabelecimento de aspectos formais, exigindo do poder público instrumentos que garantam o monitoramento e a avaliação dos programas implantados, a fim de torná-los efetivos. Destarte, a presente pesquisa buscou analisar o Programa de Residência Universitária para Graduação (Prug) da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), com o propósito de identificar os mecanismos utilizados pela gestão universitária para monitorá-lo e avaliá-lo, relacionando a importância desses procedimentos para garantia do direito à Educação Superior no âmbito de uma Universidade Pública Federal. Para tanto, foram utilizados, como meios de coleta de dados, análise documental, entrevistas semiestruturadas e aplicação de questionários. As informações apreendidas foram tratadas com base na Análise de discurso, permitindo ao pesquisador fazer inferências de ordem qualitativa. A investigação revelou que a instituição pesquisada carece de mecanismos, critérios, indicadores e parâmetros eficientes para que sejam realizados acompanhamentos factuais do Prug, tolhendo a concretização dos objetivos estabelecidos no Pnaes, o qual, inclusive, demonstra não ter preenchido todas as lacunas existentes no campo da assistência estudantil, posto que foi omisso ao não constituir recursos avaliativos para essas ações governamentais, atribuindo tal responsabilidade às instituições de ensino, as quais, como identificado na UFRPE, nem sempre conseguem atendê-la de modo satisfatório. O artigo encontra-se dividido em seis seções: Introdução (1), Metodologia (2), Universidade Pública Federal: do Acesso à Permanência (3), o Pnaes e a Assistência ao Estudante Universitário (4), Monitoramento e Avaliação da Assistência Estudantil (5) e Considerações Finais (6).