bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EDUCATOR’S PERSPECTIVE: KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES ON OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH AT SCHOOL AMONG PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS
Authors: Nursyuhada Binti Mohamad Yusoff  , Vivien How  , Ezza Sabrina Binti Azmi  , Khairuddin Bin Othman
Published: May 2020

Introduction: School can be considered as a relatively moderate risk working environment due to the various hazards assembled in the school. Nevertheless, Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) training is yet to formally inclusive into teachers’ training module, and the current one-off or ad-hoc OSH training mainly targeted among school students. The different OSH awareness exists among teacher and student have hinder the provision of sustainable and effective safety and health training program at school levels. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice among primary and secondary school teachers towards OSH at the school environment. Method: A cross-sectional survey carried out at three (3) primary schools and three (3) secondary schools after stratified random sampling. School teachers from these schools were randomly selected among those who had at least one year work experience as permanent teacher at the current school through the fishbowl technique. A structured questionnaire was used and total 136 teachers were assessed on their knowledge, attitude and practices on OSH at schools. Result: Study found that primary and secondary school teachers have different knowledge, attitude and practices of OSH at school levels. Overall, the knowledge level of secondary school teacher (62.1% of high to medium knowledge levels) are higher than the primary school teachers (41.1% of high to medium knowledge levels); at the same time, 93.1% of secondary school teachers show positive attitude while 88.5% of primary school teachers show positive attitude on safety and health atschools. In general, OSH practice level among the primary (88.5%) and secondary school teachers (86.2%) are atrelatively good levels. Besides, there is positive association with knowledge and attitude on OSH behavior among primary school teachers. Apart of this, there is positive but relatively weak association with knowledge and practices and knowledge and attitudes among primary and secondary school teachers. Conclusion: Considering the background differences between primary and secondary school teachers, a sustainable OSH learning mechanism should be planned and designed together with OSH practitioners and Ministry of Education to achieve a sustainable safety and healthy sound school environment for teacher to work and for students to learn.
COMPARISONS BETWEEN BACKS QUESTIONNAIRE AND OTHER EXISTING QUESTIONNAIRES AGAINST STANDARDS SET BY A SOCIAL SECURITY ORGANIZATION BASED IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY
Authors: Jenn Zhueng Tam  , Zuraida Mohamed  , Sharifa Ezat Wan Puteh  , Noor Hassim Ismail
Published: May 2020

In a country that struggles on safety standards and relying heavily on manual labour, Malaysia over the decade had to be very objective in defining work- relatedness among musculoskeletal disorder cases especially chronic low back pain. The BACKS questionnaire was a proposed Back Apparatus; a Collaboration between National University of Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) with Malaysian Social Security Organization (SOCSO) to assist in determining occupational chronic back pain. In the questionnaire, chronic back pain was defined as minimal cumulative back pain for more than 2 weeks in the past year, Pain Visual Analog Score above 2 cm and Oswestry Disability Index of above 20%. Based on the SOCSO registry from 2008 to 2010, 428 (56.3%) workers of 760 workers with back pain agreed and met the requirements of our study. According to the standards of the Medical Board, the BACKS Tool reported a sensitivity of 62.7%, specificity of 94.5%, positive- predictive value (PPV) of 92.9% and negative- predictive value (NPV) of 69.0% with moderate agreement as Kappa value was 0.56. The BACKS Tool served as a complementary assessment along with visits to the workplace that has its advantages when one would to conduct a self- administered assessment of their workplace by safety and health officers, organizations with limited funding.
PREVALENCE OF STRESS AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS IN SABAH, MALAYSIA BORNEO
Authors: Aldrin Musiun  , Khamisah Awang Lukman  , Mohammad Saffree Jeffree  , Fredie Robinson  , Mohd Rohaizat Hassan  , Hasanain Faisal Ghazi  , Al-abed Ali Ahmed Al-abed  , Naing Oo Tha  , Swe  , Shamsul Bahari Shamsudin
Published: May 2020

Stress is accepted as the accumulation of unpleasant state of physical, mental and emotion on a person. Medical education has been known as one of the most stressful academic curriculum.  Hence, medical students may subjected to multiple psychological changes and challenges throughout the years of medical education.  The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of stress and its associated factors among medical students. This cross sectional study was conducted from April to May 2018 in medical school in Sabah. It involved 396 medical students through universal sampling.  Self-administered questionnaires were used as an instrument for data collection. The questionnaires included were Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales 21 (DASS-21) and Medical Student Stressors Questionnaire (MSSQ). Bivariate analysis (Chi Square test, Fisher’s Exact Test, Independent T test and Man-Whitney U test) were used to analyse the association. The response rate was 90.2%. The prevalence of stress among medical students were 33.3%.  Significant associated factors include financial support inadequacy (p=0.010) and all categories of medical student stressors. The mean score of the academic related stressors was found to be at 2.117 (±0.758) which was the highest mean score among medical student stressors assessed by MSSQ. The result of this study can be used as a basis for implementation of preventive measures such as provision of comprehensive, integrated and responsive mental health care services in university-based settings.
THE NEED TO REFORM THE HOSPITAL PAYMENT SYSTEM IN INDONESIA
Authors: Nur Hidayah  , Arlina Dewi  , OU Jen-ho  , Qurratul Aini
Published: May 2020

One of the crucial health policies in hospitals is about physician payment methods. Indonesia had implemented the National Health Assurance since 2014 to achieve Universal Health Coverage by 2019. Most of hospital revenue is packaging from the National Health Insurance Agent (called BPJS). However, Fee-for-service (FFS) payment method is still dominant in many hospitals. How can hospitals make policy to rearrange the payment method to attain hospital performance? The purpose of this research is to analyze the payment system that can improve employee satisfaction and performances. Mix method was used to collect data and make an interpretation. Data collected from 185 respondents and four key informants. The result showed that the policy in private and public hospitals in Indonesia of the physician payment is diverse. Most of the hospitals use the pure FFS for self-employee physicians (part timer employee). For full time employee, they applied FFS mixed with salary, or remuneration. To improve employee satisfaction and performance, the hospitals should make a policy to link the FFS to pay for performances. The hospital should make the tailoring program by involving the physician in a designing method of the hospital remuneration.
Cultural, Social, Religious Beliefs and Practices During Postpartum Period Among Post Natal Women in Selected Rural and Urban Health Care Settings
Authors: Bhakta Ananya , Mani Smritikana
Published: May 2020

Belief is the state of mind in which a person thinks something to be the case, with or without there being empirical evidence to prove that something is the case with factual certainty. In developing countries, over 60% of maternal deaths occur during the postpartum period. This period is also greatly influenced by different types of socio-cultural beliefs & practices that increases the risk for poor maternal and child health. A study was conducted to identify and analyse the cultural, social, religious beliefs and practices during postpartum period among postnatal women in Erashal BPHC & Medical College & Hospital of West Bengal. A comparative survey design was adopted in this study. A non probability purposive sampling technique was used to select 120 postnatal women from rural Erashal BPHC & 160 from urban Medical college & hospital as study subject. A valid & reliable Structured Interview schedule(r-0.85,0.90)was used to collect data from the postnatal women who were admitted for delivery and staying postnatal ward. The findings showed that the harmful beliefs regarding maternal, baby care, breast feeding & family planning aspect were present among women during  postpartum period(R-75%,U-54%) Harm less beliefs regarding maternal care& breast feeding aspect were present in  postpartum period(R-31% U-42 %).  Beneficial beliefs regarding separation aspect were present in postpartum period(R-79%,U-90%).The practices were seen in  post partum period(R-52%,U-21%).There was a significant difference in belief among rural & urban women as evidenced by ‘t’ test(t-11.38 at df 278 at p<0.05) . There was a significant difference in practice among rural& urban women (t-6.85 at df278 at 0.05 level).Significant relationship(r-0.35 , 0.28   at p<0.05) was seen between beliefs &practices during postpartum period in both area. There was a significant association (χ2-5.36, 10.56 at p<0.05) between religion with beliefs in both area. The significant association was seen between family type with beliefs in rural (χ2-4.41 at p<0.05) but not in urban. The study concluded that, a concerned matter of issue can be raised to prevent the practices contrary with harmful beliefs by counselling and evaluation of views of the mothers during reproductive period.

 

Keywords: beliefs and practices, postpartum  period, postnatal women, rural and urban settings
Overview Independence and Cognitive Function of Elderly
Authors: Susanti Yulia , PH Livana
Published: May 2020

Elderly is not a disease, but is an advanced stage of a life process characterized by a decrease in the body's ability to adapt to environmental stress. Elderly causes anatomical, physiological, and biochemical changes in the body, so that it will affect the overall function and ability of the body. The study aims to determine the picture of independence and cognitive function in the elderly. The study used a descriptive method with a sample of 108 elderly in the City of Kendal Indonesia. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution. The results showed the majority of respondents (81.5%) elderly were categorized as having the ability to independently level and 78.6% had normal cognitive function, 18.5% had mild cognitive impairment, and 1.9% had severe cognitive impairment.

 Keywords: independence, cognitive function, elderly
Respons Pasien Perilaku Kekerasan
Authors: Suerni Titik , PH Livana
Published: May 2020

Perilaku kekerasan yang terjadi pada pasien gangguan jiwa memiliki batasan karakteristik yang berbeda-beda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respons pasien dengan resiko perilaku kekerasan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian deskriptif dan pendekatan survey. Sampel penelitian ini adalah pasien yang mempunyai masalah keperawatan prilaku kekerasan diruang Madrim RSJD Dr. Amino Gondhohutomo Provinsi Jawa Tengah yang berjumlah 20 orang. Data dianalisis secara univariat berupa distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas responden berrespons kognitif berupa perubahan isi pikir dan menyalahkan orang lain, respons afektif berupa perasaan tidak nyaman, respons fisiolofis berupa pandangan tajam dan tangan mengepal, respons perilaku berupa memukul benda/ orang dan agresif, respons sosial berupa sering mengungkapkan keinginannya dengan nada mengancam. Perlu intervensi keperawatan yang tepat untuk mengurangi respons kognitif, afektif, fisiologi, perilaku, sosial pada pasien perilaku kekerasan.

 

Kata kunci: respons pasien, resiko perilaku kekerasan

 

RESPONSE OF PATIENTS WITH RISK OF VIOLENT BEHAVIOR

 

ABSTRACT

Violent behavior that occurs in patients with mental disorders have different characteristics limits. This study aims to determine responses in patients at risk of violent behavior. This research is a quantitative study with a descriptive research design and survey approach. The sample of this study were patients who had nursing problems of violent behavior in Madrim Hospital Dr. Amino Gondhohutomo, Central Java Province, amounting to 20 people. Data were analyzed univariately in the form of frequency distributions. The results showed that the majority of respondents responded cognitively in the form of changes in thought content and blaming others, affective responses in the form of uncomfortable feelings, physiological responses in the form of sharp eyes and clenched fists, behavioral responses in the form of hitting objects / people and aggressively, social responses in the form of often expressing their desires with threatening tone. Need appropriate nursing intervention to reduce cognitive, affective, physiological, behavioral, social responses in violent behavior patients.

 

Keywords: patient response, risk of violent behavior
Peningkatan Kepatuhan Pengobatan Hipertensi melalui Konseling Berbasis Humanistik
Authors: Khidlir Ivan , Khotimah Husnul , Supriyadi Bagus
Published: May 2020

Orang dengan hipertensi wajib patuh dalam pengobatan hipertensi agar terhindar dari komplikasi yaitu kerusakan pada ginjal, jantung, dan otak. Tujuan penelitian ini melalui konseling berbasis humanistik adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatkan kepatuhan pengobatan hipertensi melalui konseling berbasis humanistik. Metode penelitian ini jenis kuantitatif yaitu Quasi Experimental Design bentuk Nonequivalent Control Group Design dengan 50 sample responden, 25 kelompok kontrol dan 25 kelompok perlakuan. Waktu penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan April sampai dengan Mei tahun 2019 di posyandu lansia nuri I Desa Sumber Kemuning Kecamatan Tamanan Kabupaten Bondowoso. Penelitian eksperimen dengan uji wilcoxon signed rank testpre-test. Didapatkan pada kelompok kontrol p-value = 0,257 > 0,05 dan pada kelompok perlakuan p-value = 0,001 < 0,05.  Uji mann-whitney nilai p-value = 0,018. Kesimpulan: pemberian konseling menggunakan metode berbasis humanistik yang dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan pengobatan hipertensi sehingga tidak terjadi komplikasi akibat hipertensi.

 

Kata kunci : hipertensi, humanistik, kepatuhan, konseling

 

EFFECTIVENESS OF GIVING COUNSELING BASED ON HUMANISTIC AND COUNSELING WITHOUT APPROACH TOWARD OBEDIENCE OF MEDICAL HYPERTENSION

 

ABSTRACT

People with hypertension are required to comply with they hypertension treatment, in order to be saved from complication. There are kidney, hearth disease, and brain. The purpose of this study is effort to know effectiveness of giving counseling based on humanistic and counseling without approach toward obedience of medical hypertension. This research method is quantities type, namely quasi experimental design. There is non equivalent control group design with 50 sample respondence, 25 of group control and 25 of group treatment. This research do in april till may 2019 in elderly posyandu nuri I Sumber Kemuning village Tamanan sub district in Bondowoso regency. Research experimental with test of Wilcoxon signed rank test pre-test, available in group control p-value = 0.257 > 0.05 and in group experiment p-value = 0.001 < 0.05 test of mann-whitney nilai p-value = 0.018. The result is there is a differences of effectiveness that significant toward giving counseling based on humanistic with giving counseling without approach. Hopefully to the medical officially to use counseling method based on humanistic. So that can increase the obedience of medical hypertension. So the obedience of medical hypertension can increase and nothing complication caused by hypertension.

Keywords: counceling, humanistic, hypertension, obedience
Jintan Hitam sebagai Imunomodulator dan Anti Inflamasi pada Pasien Asma
Authors: Amanulloh Maharani , Krisdayanti Ester
Published: May 2020

Jintan hitam merupakan salah satu tanaman herbal yang memiliki berbagai efek farmakologis diantaranya yaitu sebagai antioksidan, antidiabetes, antialergi, antiinflamasi, dan sebagai imunomodulator, sehingga jintan hitam (Nigella sativa) seringkali digunakan sebagai obat herbal. Tujuan literature review ini yaitu untuk mengetahui efek jintan hitam sebagai imunomodulator dan anti inflamasi pada pasien asma. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode literature review dari 47 artikel PubMed NCBI, Google Schoolar, dan Elsevier yang diperoleh hanya 23 artikel yang digunakan dari tahun 2009 hingga tahun 2019. Dari beberapa penelitian yang dilakukan didapatkan hasil bahwa jintan hitam bermanfaat sebagai immunomodulator dengan meningkatkan titer antibodi dan peningkatan limfosit dan monosit serta menurunkan kadar neutrofil. Senyawa aktif yang terdapat di dalam jintan hitam (Nigella sativa) salah satunya yaitu thymoquinone dan thymohidroquinone yang mana senyawa tersebut diketahui dapat mengurangi pemasukan ion kalsium sehingga dapat mengurangi degranulasi sel mast dan sebagai imunomodulator yang dapat menekan reaksi inflamasi.

 

Kata kunci: jintan hitam, immunomodulator, anti inflamasi, asma

 

BLACK JINTAN AS AN IMMUNOMODULATOR AND ANTI INFLAMATION IN ASMA PATIENTS

 

ABSTRACT

Black cumin (nigella sativa) is one of the herbal plants that has various pharmacological effects including antioxidant, antidiabetic, hypo-allergenic, anti-inflammatory, and as an immunomodulator, so black cumin (nigella sativa) is often used as an herbal medicine. the purpose of this review literature is to determine the effect of black cumin as an immunomodulator and anti-inflammatory in asthma patients. the method used is the literature review method of 47 articles pubmed ncbi, google schoolar, and elsevier obtained only 23 articles used from 2009 to 2019. from several studies conducted it was found that black cumin is useful as an immunomodulator by increasing antibody titers and increased lymphocytes and monocytes and decreased neutrophil levels. active compounds contained in black cumin (nigella sativa), one of which is thymoquinone and thymohidroquinone which compounds are known to reduce the intake of calcium ions so that it can reduce mast cell degranulation and as an immunomodulator that can suppress inflammatory reactions.

 Keywords: black cumin, immunomodulator, anti-inflammatory, asthma
Hubungan antara Sifilis dengan Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/ Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Authors: Liazmi Muhammad Caesario , Mubina Jundi Fathan
Published: May 2020

Sifilis adalah salah satu infeksi menular seksual atau IMS dan disebabkan oleh Treponema pallidum.Menurut laporan Kasus sifilis terjadi pada populasi waria, lelaki seks lelaki atau LSL, wanita penjaja seks atau WPS, dan pengguna napza suntik atau penasun. Di RS X, terdapat 40 kasus baru sifilis di RS Dr. Hasan Sadikin (RSHS). Dari total kasus tersebut 5 kasus diantaranya disertai infeksi HIV.Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan sifilis dengan HIV/ AIDS.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literature review. Sumber pustaka yang digunakan untuk penyusunan jurnal ini melibatkan 21 pustaka yang berasal dari buku, jurnal nasional, dan jurnal internasional. Jurnal yang digunakan tentang penelitian adalah penelitian yang terbaru dalam proses pencarian di dalam database jurnal nasional maupun internasional. Tahun penerbitan jurnal dan buku yang digunakan adalah tahun 2006-2019.Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan kejadian HIV/AIDS pada pasien sifilis dan sebaliknyakejadian sifilis pada pasien HIV/ AIDS memiliki hubungan timbal balik, yaitu sifilis dapat meningkatkan kejadian infeksi HIV maupun sebaliknya.

Kata Kunci: sifilis, HIV/AIDS

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SYPHILIS AND HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV)/ ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME(AIDS)

                                                                ABSTRACT

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection or STI and is caused by Treponema pallidum. According to reports Syphilis cases occur in populations of transvestites, male sex men or MSM, female sex workers or FSWs, and injecting drug users or IDUs. In Hospital X, there were 40 new cases of syphilis and 5 of them were accompanied by HIV infection. Research aims to determine the relationship of syphilis with HIV / AIDS. This study uses the literature review method. Literature sources used for the preparation of this journal involved 21 libraries originating from books, national journals, and international journals. The journals used in research are the most recent research in the search process in national and international journal databases. The year of publication of the journals and books used was 2006-2019. Several studies have shown the incidence of HIV / AIDS in syphilis patients and conversely the incidence of syphilis in HIV/ AIDS patients has a reciprocal relationship, ie syphilis can increase the incidence of HIV / AIDS infection and vice versa.

 Keyword :syphilis, HIV/AIDS
Perbedaan Kadar Asam Urat Darah Sebelum dan Sesudah Pemberian Minuman Asam Jawa
Authors: Sativa Shania Ocha , Kusuma Annisa Dwi Anggreni
Published: May 2020

Asam urat merupakan hasil akhir metabolisme purin yang dapat berasal dari makanan. Prevalensi hiperurisemia (asam urat berlebih) secara stabil meningkat selama beberapa dekade terakhir. Asam jawa merupakan salah satu tanaman obat tradisional di Indonesia yang mengandung flavonoid. Flavonoid dapat menghambat kerja enzim xantin oksidase dalam proses metabolisme purin sehingga dapat menurunkan kadar asam urat darah. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian pre-experimental design yaitu pre-test post-test one group design. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober-Desember 2019 di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lampung dan UPTD Balai Laboratorium Kesehatan Provinsi Lampung. Sampel berjumlah 10 orang mahasiswa. Darah vena sampel akan diambil sebelum dan sesudah penelitian lalu diukur kadar asam uratnya dengan spektrofotmeter. Pemberian minuman asam jawa dilakukan setiap 2 kali sehari sebanyak 401 cc selama 7 hari. Data diuji normalitasnya dengan uji Shapiro-Wilk kemudian dianalisis dengan uji Paired T-Test. Hasil uji normalitas dengan uji Shapiro-Wilk menunjukan data terdistribusi normal. Kemudian hasil uji Paired T-Test menunjukan nilai  p=0,008 (<0,05). Terdapat perbedaan kadar asam urat sebelum dan sesudah pemberian minuman asam jawa.

 

Kata kunci: asam urat, flavonoid, minuman asam jawa

 AVERAGE DIFFERENCE OF BLOOD URIC ACID LEVEL BEFORE AND AFTER CONSUMPTION OF TAMARIND DRINKS

                                                                                       ABSTRACT

Uric acid is the final result of purine metabolism that can come from the food. The prevalence of hyperuricemia (excessive uric acid) has steadily increased over the past few decades. Tamarind is one of the traditional medicinal plants in Indonesia which contains flavonoids. Flavonoids can inhibit the work of xanthine oxidase enzyme in the purine metabolism process so that it can reduce blood uric acid levels. This type of quantitative research with pre-experimental research design is pre-test post-test one group design. The study is conducted in October-December 2019 at Medical Faculty of Lampung University and Lampung Provincial Health Laboratory. The samples are 10 students. Venous blood samples are taken before and after the intervention and uric acid levels is measured by spectrophotometer. Tamarind drinks are given every 2 times a day as much as 401 cc for 7 days. Data are tested for normality by the Shapiro-Wilk test and analyzed by Paired T-Test. The results of the normality test with the Shapiro-Wilk test shows that the data are normally distributed. Then the results of Paired T-Test shows the value of p=0.008 (<0,05). Conclusion is there is a difference of blood uric acid levels before and after the consumption of tamarind drinks.

 Keyword : uric acid, flavonoids, tamarind drinks
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan dengan Gaya Hidup Penderita Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Azis Waode Azfari , Muriman Laode Yusman , Burhan Sri Rahayu
Published: May 2020

Diabetes Mellitus adalah suatu kondisi kronis yang terjadi ketika tubuh tidak dapat menghasilkan cukup insulin atau tidak dapat menggunakan insulin, dan didiagnosis dengan mengamati peningkatan kadar glukosa dalam darah.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui  hubungan  antara  tingkat pengetahuan dengan gaya hidup pada penderita diabetes mellitus yang berobat di puskesmas meome. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif menggunakan desain deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah  populasi sebanyak 47 orang.  Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling. Analisis data  menggunakan uji Chi-square.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada Hubungan  Antara  Tingkat   Pengetahuan  Diabetes  Melitus dengan Gaya Hidup Penderita Diabetes Melitus yang Berobat di Puskesmas Meomeo.Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah tingkat pengetahuan penderita diabetes melitus sebagian besar  adalah kurang, sedangkan gaya hidup pada penderita diabetes melitus sebagian  besar  adalah  tidak sehat, dan terdapat  hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan gaya hidup  pada   penderita   diabetes   mellitus.

Kata kunci: diabetes mellitus,  pengetahuan, gaya hidup

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE LEVELS WITH LIFESTYLE IN   DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENT

ABSTRACT

Diabetes Mellitus  is a chronic condition that  occurs  when  the body cannot  produce enough insulin or cannot use insulin, and is diagnosed by observing an increase in blood glucose levels. This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge with living style in people  with  diabetes mellitus who seek treatment at the health clinic in Meomeo. This type of research is quantitative using a descriptive correlation design with cross sectional approach. Total population of  47 people. The sample in this study was taken using total sampling technique. Data analysis used Chi-square test. The results of the research showed that means there is a relationship between the level of knowledge of diabetes mellitus with the lifestyle of patients with diabetes mellitus who seek treatment at the Meomeo health center. The conclusion of this study is that the level of knowledge of people with diabetes mellitus is largely lacking, while the lifestyle of people with diabetes mellitus is largely unhealthy, and there is a relationship between the level of knowledge and lifestyle in people with diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus, knowledge, lifestyle
The Vitamin C Berpengaruh dalam Memperbaiki Kerusakan Hepar Akibat Pemberian Monosodium Glutamat
Authors: Khalish Mutiara , Wulandari Lathifah Yasmine
Published: May 2020

Konsumsi monosodium glutamat dalam jumlah berlebih dapat menyebabkan dampak berkaitan dengan kerusakan hepar yang ditandai adanya peningkatan kadar enzim aspartate transaminase dan alanine transaminase. Vitamin c berperan menjaga sistem imunitas tubuh dan mempercepat proses penyembuhan kerusakan hepar. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui manfaat vitamin c sebagai upaya dalam memperbaiki kerusakan hepar akibat monosodium glutamat. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah penelusuran artikel melalui database Google Scholar, NCBI dan Elsevier.  Tahun penerbitan pustaka adalah dari tahun 2010 hingga 2019 dengan 17 sumber pustaka. Hasil dari literatur review ini menunjukan bahwa vitamin c dapat mengurangi kerusakan hepar akibat monosodium glutamat dengan adanya penurunan kadar enzim aspartate transaminase dan alanine transaminase. Vitamin c dapat digunakan untuk melawan efek radikal bebas dari monosodium glutamat karena aktifitasnya sebagai antioksidan. Vitamin c berpengaruh dalam memperbaiki kerusakan hepar akibat pemberian monosodium glutamat.

Kata kunci: aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, monosodium glutamat, vitamin c

 

VITAMIN C AFFECT IN IMPROVING HEPAR DAMAGE CAUSED BY ADMINISTRATION OF MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE

ABSTRACT

Excessive consumption of monosodium glutamate can cause effects related to liver damage which is marked by an increase in levels of the enzymes aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase. Vitamin c plays a role in maintaining the body's immune system and accelerating the healing process of liver damage. The purpose of writing this article is to determine the benefits of vitamin c as an effort to repair liver damage due to monosodium glutamate. The method used in this article is article searching through Google Scholar, NCBI and Elsevier databases. The year of library publication is from 2010 to 2019 with 17 library sources. The results of this review literature show that vitamin c can reduce liver damage due to monosodium glutamate by decreasing levels of the enzymes aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase. Vitamin C can be used to fight the effects of free radicals from monosodium glutamate because of its activity as an antioxidant. Vitamin C has an effect on repairing liver damage due to monosodium glutamate.                                                                                                      

Keywords: aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, monosodium glutamate, vitamin c
Transthoracic lung cancer biopsy with radiological navigation
Authors: Voytko V.
Published: May 2020

Transthoracic biopsy (TTNB) is a minimally invasive surgical method for obtaining a biopsy from the volume of interest in the chest cavity by transcutaneous puncture of the chest wall. In oncopulmonology, this method is applied to obtain a biopsy from primary malignant and metastatic tumors localized in the lungs, mediastinum, pleura, chest wall, and its histological verification. TTNB with this or that navigation option has significant advantages: minimal invasiveness (compared with mediastinoscopy, thoracotomy, thoracoscopy) with precision biopsy specimen for histological, cytological, bacteriological and other studies; implementation of a true morphological diagnosis; reduction of the hospitalization time for patients at the diagnostic stage.
Algorithm technology (TTNB with navigation + histopathological examination) is constantly developing and fundamentally improving (in parallel with the development and improvement of medical imaging technologies) for over 55 years.
The main navigation technologies at TTNB are considered: fluoroscopy, ultrasound, computed tomography, electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy, positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging. Frequent and rare complications during TTNB are described.
Attention is drawn to the uncertainty of TTNB.
To protect the surgeon from DNA radiation damage during TTNB with X-ray or CT navigation in real time, it was proposed to apply a re-profiled drug: N-acetylcysteine – mucolytic, expectorant and antioxidant agent with radioprotective properties.
Key Words: lung cancer, transthoracic biopsy, radiological navigation.
The Factorial Analysis of the Activated Sludge Treatment Process Parameters
Authors: Mihalache Sanda Florentina , Carbureanu Madalina
Published: May 2020

The main environmental problems comprise two main directions: air and water. Water treatment plant is a critical infrastructure, especially in large cities. The activated sludge process is a typical example of highly nonlinear system. The associated models found in literature are mainly analytical and complex. In this paper there are proposed data-driven models obtained from plant operation data. A factor reduction procedure, namely principal component analysis is used to find meaningful correlations between process measurements. The selected correlations are obtained via simple and multiple regression algorithm. The resulted models are specific to the studied plant, simpler than the analytical ones, and with sufficient accuracy if used in plant monitoring and operation. The proposed procedure of using data-driven models for inferential measuring decreases the analysis costs (even eliminating the necessity of measuring equipment). If the experience in operating the plant is used to predict parameter trends this procedure can provide a useful tool for developing a decision support system for the plant operator. A real time prediction module associated with a warning system can be applied for every active sludge process, having as condition the availability of plant operating data.
Antimicrobial and Antiadhesion Activity of Biosurfactants from Rhodotorula glutinis Grown on n-dodecane
Authors: Ortansa Csutak , Ionela Sarbu , Elena Rusu , Vassu Tatiana , Corbu Viorica
Published: May 2020

The biosurfactants represent a class of biocompounds of growing interest for biomedical applications. The yeast strain Rhodotorula glutinis CMGB-RG1 assimilated normal dodecane (C12H26) with high rates, producing biosurfactants with constant emulsification index (29%) after two, respectively, three days. Best antimicrobial activity was recorded for the [50X] concentrated biosurfactant against Candida krusei CMGB-Y8 from vaginal infections. The crude biosurfactant showed high microbial inhibition of biofilms formed by Candida krusei CMGB 94 (35%), while for C. krusei CMGB-Y8 best results were obtained with [50X] concentrated biosurfactant (47%) due to the presence of more effective mechanism for biofilm formation and adhesion. The results represent a basis for further studies regarding the characterization of antimicrobial mechanism of action of R. glutinis biosurfactants against a large range of human pathogenic microorganisms.
Cyclodextrins Increase the Cytotoxicity of Curcumin Derivatives in Osteosarcoma Cell Culture
Authors: Stoica Laura , Cotrutz Elena Carmen , Onisor Cristian , Tiutiuca Carmen , Onofrei Pavel , Grigore Camelia Ana , Botez Ana Emanuela , Grecu Vasile Bogdan , Olinici Doinita Temelie , Voinescu Doina Carina , Stoica Bogdan Alexandru
Published: May 2020

Cyclodextrins (CDs), a group of oligosaccharides formed by glucose units bound togetherin a ring, showed a promising ability to form supramolecular complexes with drug molecules and improved theirphysicochemical properties without any molecular modifications. On the other hand, a large number of synthetic curcumin derivatives showed promising anticancer results on malignant cell cultures in recent years. This study presents the advantages and limitations of CDs (potential enhancers of solubility and stability) when are used together with a series of curcumin complexes. All the CD-curcumin complex mixtures were tested as potential anticancer agents on a human osteosarcoma cell culture. A variant of beta-cyclodextrin (monochlorotriazinyl-β-cyclodextrin sodium salt) was found to exhibit the best results in terms of solubility and cytotoxicity enhancements. The results(expressed as inhibitory concentrations for 50 % cell viability - IC50) showed significant improvements for manganese and cooper curcumin complexes and had no effects for boron and thorium complexes.
Quantitative Pharmaceutical Analysis Based on the PCA of Raman Spectra
Authors: Martinez-Espinosa Juan Carlos , Rodriguez-Villalon Osvaldo , Cordova-Fraga Teodoro , Perez-Careta Eduardo , Guzman-Sepulveda Jose Rafael , Madrid-Molina Laura , Guzman-Cabrera Rafael
Published: May 2020

In the present work we examine the distribution of ciprofloxacin drug as an active ingredient in tablets samples from eight different laboratories. Additionally, control samples with different concentration were prepared for calibration. Raman spectra were recorded from all samples, including controls, and a principal component analysis (PCA) was implemented on them. The results of the PCA on control samples show that a clear discrimination among the different samples can be achieved and, more importantly, that the principal component of the Raman spectra has a well-defined, linear relation with the concentration of ciprofloxacin. Such a strong, statistically significant linear correlation obtained for the control samples constitutes our calibration for the quantitative analysis of commercial pharmaceutical compounds.
Proton-Pump Inhibitors in Adults and Pediatric Patients: Use and Abuse
Authors: Belei Oana , Amaricai Elena , Iacob Emil Radu , Tirnea Livius , Iacob Daniela , Marginean Otilia , Ancusa Oana-Elena
Published: May 2020

Proton-Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) represent the major therapeutic tool of gastric acid-related disorders in adults and pediatric patients. The proton pump must be activated before the PPI is cleared from the circulation in order to effectively inhibit the H/K ATPase. This is related to time to reach maximum concentration, the absorption and elimination rate of the drug. All these features are modulated by age and genetics. Prolonged inhibition of gastric acid secretion may cause hypergastrinemia and enterochromaffin-like-cell hyperplasia, nutrients deficiency, necrotizing enterocolitis, atrophic gastritis, intestinal dysbiosis and digestive infections. These potential side effects have been described in adults, but pediatric studies are scarce. This review summarizes the pharmacodynamic features of PPIs and clarifies the side effects mechanisms of PPIs in children and adults.
Analysis on Change of Precipitation pH and Chemical Characteristics of Acid Rain in Liaoning Province (2007�2018)
Authors: De-Ping Zhou , Yan Wang , Yan-Bin Xie , Xiao-Ying Wang , Yang-Feng Wang , Ye Hong
Published: May 2020

Acid rain, as one of the outputs of toxic and harmful chemicals from factories, is a serious environmental problem, especially in China, which has harmful ecological consequences and has a direct impact on vegetation and human health. Based on the data of acid rain observation station of Liaoning Meteorological Bureau from 2007 to 2018, the variation of precipitation pH and the distribution of acid rain in Liaoning Province in the past 12 years were analyzed. The result shows: First, the average pH value of annual precipitation in Liaoning Province is 5.55, which belongs to weak acid rain area. The frequency of acid rain is 12.56%, and the ratio of acid rain to total precipitation is 15.48%. More than 1/5 of the stations are located in the acid rain prone area, among which Dalian and Dandong are seriously polluted, being close to the grade of acid rain frequent area. Second, from 2007 to 2018, the precipitation pH in Liaoning Province fluctuated and increased year by year, with an average annual increase of 0.077 pH, and the pollution of acid rain decreased year by year; especially after 2014, Liaoning Province has exited from weak acid rain area, with its precipitation pH tending to be neutral year by year. Third, acid rain pollution in Liaoning Province is most serious in winter, followed by autumn and summer; in the first six years (2007-2012), the pollution in February was the most serious, and in the last six years (2013-2018), the pollution in December was the most serious, which was significantly worse than the previous six years. Fourth, more efforts have been made to control air pollution in all parts of the country, and the annual decrease in acid precursor emissions is the fundamental reason for the variation of precipitation pH and the improvement of acid rain pollution in Liaoning Province, while the precipitation pH and acid rain distribution in Liaoning Province are sensitive to the relevant environmental control measures taken by the state in recent years. However, the change of acid rain pollution reminds us to attach great importance to new pollution components and causes.
Latvju dainu atbalsis Veltas Sniķeres lirikā
Authors: Kampāne-Štelmahere Sintija
Published: May 2020

The research “Echoes of Latvian Dainas in the Lyrics of Velta Sniķere” examines motifs and fragments of Latvian folk songs in the poetry by Sniķere. Several poems that directly reveal the montage of folk songs are selected as research objects. Linguistic, semantic, hermeneutical and historical as well as literary methods were used in poetry analysis.
The research emphasizes the importance of Latvian folklore in the process of Latvian exile literature, the genesis of modern lyrics, and the philosophical conception of the poet. Latvian folk songs in the lyrics of Sniķere are mainly perceived as a source of ancient knowledge and as a path to the Indo-European first language, prehistoric time, which is understood only in a poetic state.
Often, the montage of Latvian folk songs or their fragments in the lyrics of Sniķere is revealed as a reflexive reverence that creates a semantic fracture and opposition between profane and sacred view. The insertion of a song in the poem alters the rhythmic and phonetic sound: a free and sometimes dissonant article is replaced by a harmonic trochee, while an internationalism saturated language is replaced by a simple, phonetically effective language composed of alliterations and assonances. The montage of folk songs in a poem is justified by the necessity to restore the Latvian identity in exile, to restore the memory of ancient, mythical knowledge, to represent the understanding of beauty and other moral-ethical values and to show the thought activity.
Common mythical images in the lyrics of Sniķere are snake, wind, gold, silver, stone etc. The Latvian folk song symbolism and lifestyle of the poet are organically synthesized with the insights of Indian philosophy.
Study of a Half Small Scale Quadricopter Balance: Illustration of a Complex Analogue Electronic Feed Back
Authors: Dondon Ph. , Micouleau J. M. , Legall J. , Deola A.
Published: May 2020

This paper presents the study and the realization of an electronic analogue feed back stabilisation system for a small scale “half-quadricopter”. Such flying objects are now well-known and many commercial systems are available. However, they look as full digital embedded “black boxes”. The originality of our work stands in the practical approach, “intuitive” understanding and the analogue electronic COTS design of a complex system. Moreover, this subject is a concrete opportunity to illustrate the feedback major concepts. We give first the context of the study and the mains specifications. Available hardware (mechanical parts, sensors) are briefly described. After characterisations, modelling and simulations are presented. Some experimental results are given before concluding.
Cognitive aging and verbal labeling in continuous visual memory
Authors: Forsberg Alicia , Johnson Wendy , Logie Robert H.
Published: May 2020

The decline of working memory (WM) is a common feature of general cognitive decline, and visual and verbal WM capacity appear to decline at different rates with age. Visual material may be remembered via verbal codes or visual traces, or both. Souza and Skóra, Cognition, 166, 277–297 (2017) found that labeling boosted memory in younger adults by activating categorical visual long-term memory (LTM) knowledge. Here, we replicated this and tested whether it held in healthy older adults. We compared performance in silence, under instructed overt labeling (participants were asked to say color names out loud), and articulatory suppression (repeating irrelevant syllables to prevent labeling) in the delayed estimation paradigm. Overt labeling improved memory performance in both age groups. However, comparing the effect of overt labeling and suppression on the number of coarse, categorical representations in the two age groups suggested that older adults used verbal labels subvocally more than younger adults, when performing the task in silence. Older adults also appeared to benefit from labels differently than younger adults. In younger adults labeling appeared to improve visual, continuous memory, suggesting that labels activated visual LTM representations. However, for older adults, labels did not appear to enhance visual, continuous representations, but instead boosted memory via additional verbal (categorical) memory traces. These results challenged the assumption that visual memory paradigms measure the same cognitive ability in younger and older adults, and highlighted the importance of controlling differences in age-related strategic preferences in visual memory tasks.
Smartphone sensor accuracy varies from device to device in mobile research: The case of spatial orientation
Authors: Kuhlmann Tim , Garaizar Pablo , Reips Ulf-Dietrich
Published: May 2020

Smartphone usage is increasing around the globe—in daily life and as a research device in behavioral science. Smartphones offer the possibility to gather longitudinal data at little cost to researchers and participants. They provide the option to verify self-report data with data from sensors built into most smartphones. How accurate this sensor data is when gathered via different smartphone devices, e.g., in a typical experience sampling framework, has not been investigated systematically. With the present study, we investigated the accuracy of orientation data about the spatial position of smartphones via a newly invented measurement device, the RollPitcher. Objective status of pitch (vertical orientation) and roll (horizontal orientation) of the smartphone was compared to data gathered from the sensors via web browsers and native apps. Bayesian ANOVAs confirmed that the deviations in pitch and roll differed between smartphone models, with mean inaccuracies per device of up to 2.1° and 6.6°, respectively. The inaccuracies for measurements of roll were higher than for pitch, d = .28, p < .001. Our results confirm the presence of heterogeneities when gathering orientation data from different smartphone devices. In most cases, measurement via a web browser was identical to measurement via a native app, but this was not true for all smartphone devices. As a solution to lack of sensor accuracy, we recommend the development and implementation of a coherent research framework and also discuss the implications of the heterogeneities in orientation data for different research designs.
Development of fluorinated benzils and bisbenzils as room-temperature phosphorescent molecules
Authors: Yamada Shigeyuki , Higashida Takuya , Wang Yizhou , Morita Masato , Hosokai Takuya , Maduwantha Kaveendra , Koswattage Kaveenga Rasika , Konno Tsutomu
Published: May 2020

Pure organic phosphorescent molecules are attractive alternatives to transition-metal-complex-based phosphores for biomedical and technological applications owing to their abundance and nontoxicity. This article discloses the design, synthesis, and photophysical properties of fluorinated benzil and bisbenzil derivatives as potential pure organic room-temperature phosphorescent molecules. These compounds were separately converted from the corresponding fluorinated bistolanes via PdCl2-catalyzed oxidation by dimethyl sulfoxide, while nonfluorinated bistolane provided the corresponding bisbenzil derivatives exclusively in a similar manner. Intensive investigations of the photophysical properties of the benzil and bisbenzil derivatives in toluene at 25 °C showed both fluorescence with a photoluminescence (PL) band at a maximum wavelength (λPL) of around 400 nm and phosphorescence with a PL band at a λPL of around 560 nm. Interestingly, intersystem crossing effectively caused fluorinated benzils to emit phosphorescence, which may arise from immediate spin-orbit coupling involving the 1(n, π)→3(π, π) transition, unlike the case of fluorinated or nonfluorinated bisbenzil analogues. These findings offer a useful guide for developing novel pure organic room-temperature phosphorescent materials.