bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of magnesium sulfate as an adjuvant in sub-Tenon anesthesia for cataract surgery
Authors: Zahoor Abdul , Font Ingrid , Silva Juan C. , Garcia Lucia , Ahmad Nauman , Khandekar Rajiv
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and satisfaction for the use of adjuvant; magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) in sub-Tenon anesthesia for cataract surgery.

Methods:

This single centered randomized, double blind trial was held in 2021 after approval of ethical committee at the Eye Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Cataract patients to be operated using local anesthesia were randomly assigned to two groups; Group magnesium sulfate (MS) received 50 mg/0.5 ml of magnesium sulfate and Group normal saline (NS) received 0.5 ml of normal saline added to the standard mixture, respectively. Absence of eyelid dropping and akinesia of the globe at different time after anesthesia were considered as ineffective anesthesia. The age and sex-adjusted generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis was carried out. Complications, patient's and surgeon's satisfaction were also compared.

Results:

Each group had 100 cataract patients. Effectiveness of block was not significantly different in two groups (adjusted odds ratio, 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62, 1.31; P = 0.594). The likelihood of “no eye-opening” significantly increased with time (adjusted odds ratio, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.18–1.34; P < 0.001). Subconjunctival bleeding was significantly higher in the MS versus NS Group (36 of 98 [36.7%] vs. 11 of 102 [10.8%], P < 0.001). Chemosis was not significantly different between the groups (P = 0.95). Patient's satisfaction score was very good (9/10) but slightly higher in NS group than MS (P = 0.001) while surgeon's satisfaction score was similar in both groups (P = 0.149).

Conclusions:

Although safe, adding 50 mg of magnesium sulfate did not improve the effect of sub-Tenon anesthesia for cataract surgery. Risk of subconjunctival bleeding was higher in cataract patients operated using MgSO4 compared to those managed with the conventional sub-Tenon anesthetic.
Pulmonary biological glue embolism after endoscopic repair of gastric varices – A case report
Authors: Penedos Constanca , Pereira Cristina , Lemos Leonor , Pina Pedro
Published: March 2023

Cyanoacrylate injection is widely used to treat hemorrhagic gastric varices. A pulmonary glue embolism is an unusual but potentially fatal complication. We present a case of a 51-year-old man with a history of alcoholic hepatic cirrhosis Child-Pugh B, who had an acute pulmonary embolism with sudden cardiorespiratory collapse due to biological glue injection used for the emergent repair of bleeding gastric varices. After the restoration of respiratory and hemodynamic parameters, he was admitted to the intensive care unit and the pulmonary biological glue emboli were documented with computed tomography scan. A high index of suspicion for this entity is essential in patients submitted to endoscopic sclerotherapy. Some might be asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic, while others might present with cardiorespiratory collapse.
Anesthetic management of cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy
Authors: Howbora Nilanjana , Sonowal Swaraj J. , Borah Tridip J. , Kakati Sonai D. , Das Anupam , Ninu Marie , Chintey Dokne
Published: March 2023

Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) can significantly influence overall and disease-free survival in selected patients suffering from peritoneal surface malignancies (PSMs). We report here the anaesthetic management of a 52 year old patient of Ca Colon with secondary ovarian and peritoneal deposits. She underwent cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) with curative intent. The advent of CRS/HIPEC gives a promising alternative to conventional treatment modalities but comes with numerous challenges to the anesthesiologist—in view of the metabolic and hemodynamic adjustments—and demands training.
Assessment of N-acetylcysteine use for acetaminophen overdose in the emergency department of a community teaching hospital
Authors: Alaska Yasser A. , Alghadeer Sultan M. , Alrabiah Abdulaziz A. , Harb Abdulaziz , Almadi Bana
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is the first-line treatment for acetaminophen (APAP) overdose. However, using NAC inappropriately is associated with an increased risk of adverse effects as well as a substantial increase in hospitalization and healthcare costs. This study aims to assess NAC utilization for acute APAP overdose in the emergency department of a community teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

A retrospective chart review in which the patients initiated on an NAC secondary to acute APAP overdose at KSUMC during the period of June 2015 till November 2018 were included and assessed based on developed validated evident-based protocol for administering NAC for acute APAP ingestion.

Results:

A total of 29 patients received NAC treatment for acute APAP overdose; 15 of which were adults, and 14 were pediatrics. Appropriate prescribing of NAC was observed in 14 (48.28%) patients, whereas NAC was inappropriately indicated for 15 (51.72%) patients; 9 of them were adults and 6 patients were pediatric. APAP-Ingestion <150 mg/kg (<200 mg/kg in children) was the most common reason for inappropriate use (n = 7, 46.67%) followed by administering NAC <4 hours post-APAP ingestion (n = 4, 26.67%).

Conclusion:

Improper NAC administration appears to be a significant issue among patients with APAP overdose. The utilization of a protocol for the management of APAP overdose will reduce the unnecessary usage of NAC.
Unbounded domains in hierarchically hyperbolic groups
Authors: Petyt Harry , Spriano Davide
Published: March 2023

We investigate unbounded domains in hierarchically hyperbolic groups and obtain constraints on the possible hierarchical structures. Using these insights, we characterise the structures of virtually abelian HHGs and show that the class of HHGs is not closed under finite extensions. This provides a strong negative answer to the question of whether being an HHG is invariant under quasi-isometries. Along the way, we show that infinite torsion groups are not HHGs. By ruling out pathological behaviours, we are able to give simpler, direct proofs of the rank-rigidity and omnibus subgroup theorems for HHGs. This involves extending our techniques so that they apply to all subgroups of HHGs.
PBW theory for quantum affine algebras
Authors: Kashiwara Masaki , Kim Myungho , Oh Se-jin , Park Euiyong
Published: March 2023

Let

U_q'(\mathfrak{g})

be a quantum affine algebra of
arbitrary
type and let

\mathscr{C}_\mathfrak{g}^0

be Hernandez-Leclerc’s category. We can associate the quantum affine Schur–Weyl duality functor

\mathcal{F}_\mathcal{D}

to a duality datum

\mathcal{D}

in

\mathscr{C}_\mathfrak{g}^0

. In this paper, we introduce the notion of a strong (complete) duality datum

\mathcal{D}

and prove that, when

\mathcal{D}

is strong, the induced duality functor

\mathcal{F}_\mathcal{D}

sends simple modules to simple modules and preserves the invariants

\Lambda

,

\tilde\Lambda

and

\Lambda^\infty

introduced by the authors. We next define the reflections

\mathscr{S}_k

and

\mathscr{S}^{-1}_k

acting on strong duality data

\mathcal{D}

. We prove that if

\mathcal{D}

is a strong (resp.\ complete) duality datum, then

\mathscr{S}_k(\mathcal{D})

and

\mathscr{S}_k^{-1}(\mathcal{D})

are also strong (resp. complete) duality data. This allows us to make new strong (resp. complete) duality data by applying the reflections

\mathscr{S}_k

and

\mathscr{S}^{-1}_k

from known strong (resp. complete) duality data. We finally introduce the notion of affine cuspidal modules in

\mathscr{C}_\mathfrak{g}^0

by using the duality functor

\mathcal{F}_\mathcal{D}

, and develop the cuspidal module theory for quantum affine algebras similar to the quiver Hecke algebra case. When

\mathcal{D}

is complete, we show that all simple modules in

\mathscr{C}_\mathfrak{g}^0

can be constructed as the heads of ordered tensor products of affine cuspidal modules. We further prove that the ordered tensor products of affine cuspidal modules have the unitriangularity property. This generalizes the classical simple module construction using ordered tensor products of fundamental modules.
Simultaneous equidistribution of toric periods and fractional moments of $L$-functions
Authors: Blomer Valentin , Brumley Farrell
Published: March 2023

The embedding of a torus into an inner form of PGL2 defines an adelic toric period. A general version of Duke’s theorem states that this period equidistributes as the discriminant of the splitting field tends to infinity. In this paper we consider a torus embedded diagonally into two distinct inner forms of PGL2. Assuming the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis (and some additional technical assumptions), we show simultaneous equidistribution as the discriminant tends to infinity, with an effective logarithmic rate. Our proof is based on a probabilistic approach to estimating fractional moments of

L

-functions twisted by extended class group characters.
Lefschetz fibrations with arbitrary signature
Authors: Baykur R. İnanç , Hamada Noriyuki
Published: March 2023

We develop techniques to construct explicit symplectic Lefschetz fibrations over the

2

-sphere with any prescribed signature

\sigma

and any spin type when

\sigma

is divisible by

16

. This solves a long-standing conjecture on the existence of such fibrations with positive signature. As applications, we produce symplectic

4

-manifolds that are homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic to connected sums of

S^2 \times S^2

, with the smallest topology known to date, as well as larger examples as symplectic Lefschetz fibrations.
The Laguerre-Pólya Class and Combinatorics
Authors: Driver Kathy , Holtz Olga , Sokal Alan
Published: March 2023

The talks at the workshop were focused on zero localization and zero finding of entire functions, with applications to analytic number theory and combinatorics. The discussions included specific areas such as stable and hyperbolic polynomials, the Laguerre-Pólya class of entire functions, Pólya frequency sequences, total positivity for sequences and functions, and zeros of generating functions arising in probability and combinatorics.
Set Theory
Authors: Farah Ilijas , Schindler Ralf-Dieter , Sinapova Dima , Woodin W. Hugh
Published: March 2023

While set theory continues reaching out into various other fields of mathematics but also becomes more and more specialized, recent times have seen important results around holy grails of set theory which gave a new momentum to the whole field as a unit.
Mini-Workshop: Descriptive Combinatorics, LOCAL Algorithms and Random Processes
Authors: Grebík Jan , Pikhurko Oleg , Tserunyan Anush
Published: March 2023

The aim of this mini-workshop was to discover and deepen connections between the fields of
descriptive combinatorics, distributed computing and random processes
. The common link is played by the so-called
local coloring problems
on graphs, where the validity of solution can be checked locally, and the common interest can be phrased as the following central question:
Is it possible to produce a solution to a given local problem efficiently?
While all three areas possess a solid background that was achieved by decades of intense research, a systematic study of formal connections between them is a recent emerging phenomenon. This approach has already proved to be very fruitful: several open questions in each of the fields were solved by means and techniques of the other two. The purpose of this meeting is to bring together researchers in all three fields in order to explore these exciting connections.
Numerical Investigation of the NASA High-Lift Airfoil with a
Conformal Vortex Generator at Transonic Speed
Authors: Gada Komal , Rahai Hamid
Published: March 2023

Numerical investigation of airflow at a transonic speed over the wing of the NASA
high-lift Common Research Model (CRM) with and without a conformal vortex
generator (CVG), placed on the airfoil suction side has been performed. The
objective of the investigation was to assess the impact of CVG on the wing’s
lift to drag (L/D) ratio and tip vortices. The wing has aspect and taper ratios
of respectively 9, and 0.275, and a leading-edge sweep angle of 37.24 degrees.
The root and tip chords were respectively 11.81m and 2.73 m with an approximate
mean chord of 6.62 m. The angle of attack was 2.5 degrees. The CVG was distorted
V-shaped with a base distance of approximately 4.8 cm, a depth of 8.8 cm, and a
tip-to root angle of approximately 30.20. The CVG is on both sides of
the tape pointing in opposite directions. The tape is 2 mm thick, 83 cm wide,
spanning the entire length of the wing surface. The leading edge of the CVG tape
starts at 60% of the chord from the leading edge of the airfoil. The airspeed
was 251 m/sec.at 40,000 ft elevation which corresponds to a Reynolds number
based on the mean chord of approximately 3.5x107. Properties of the
air at this elevation were used for the simulation. The Mach number was 0.85.
These values correspond to the typical cruise speed of commercial airlines. The
grid size for the baseline airfoil after grid-dependency test was 8.62 million
and the one with CVG was about 10 million. Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes
(RANS) equations along with K-ɷ SST turbulence model with all y+ wall
treatment were used. Results have shown a nearly 6% improvement in L/D ratio and
reduced tip vortices with CVG in place.
Intelligent Decision-Making Policies of Aircraft Assembly Based on Experts Tacit
Knowledge
Authors: Miah Md Helal , Zhang Jianhua
Published: March 2023

Regarding the development of an aircraft assembly process, this paper will illustrate the
intelligent decision and policies of the aircraft assembly process based on technician
experience. A model of the knowledge management system of the aircraft assembly process is
developed to avoid the complexity of the entire aircraft or aircraft product assembly process.
Firstly, According to the characteristics of the knowledge management system of the aircraft
assembly process, the aircraft assembly process has been discussed to realize the decision of
the aircraft assembly process. Secondly, intelligent decision-making in the aircraft assembly
process has been established based on the knowledge management system and aircraft assembly
process library that is oriented to the assembly process requirements employing an assembly
process reasoning method. Finally, the intelligent decision policies of the aircraft assembly
process are based on tacit knowledge, which is applied to the decision-making for the “Rapid
Prototype” (RP) process selection for a benchmark test part as designed by Fahad and Hopkinson
employing the ranking-based method. Based on the descending values of these appraisal scores,
the final ranking of RP processes is obtained. The ranking sequence of RP processes according
to the “Intelligent Decision” method is A1 > A5 > A4 > A3 > A2, indicating A1
(SLA-7000) as the best choice. The research has practical value in completing the
aircraft/aircraft product assembly process concerning a different form of logic, taking into
account the existence of various criteria, opposing goals of the decision-making process,
subjective character of the assessment process, and involvement of many decision-making.
Study on Structural Stability and Thermal Analysis of Intake Manifold
Valve through Numerical Analysis
Authors: Srivastava Ashish , Ramesh C. S.
Published: March 2023

Given that it improves engine efficiency and performance, the intake manifold is
regarded as a critical component of the internal combustion engine (ICE). The
right fuel-air mixture intake, which depends on the material geometry of the
intake manifold, allows for the burning of the desired fuel-air combination.

The current study concentrates on the geometric modelling, structural analysis,
and modal analysis of the intake manifold. By using Finite Element Analysis
(FEA) software, static structural linear analysis and heat analysis were
conducted to evaluate the structural safety. Following investigation, modal
analysis revealed a minimum deformation of 56.34 mm at a frequency of 977.45 Hz
and a maximum deformation of 104.22 mm at a higher frequency of 2518.1 Hz.
According to study, the intake manifold structure is more vibration-resistant
than cast iron when compared to aluminum and other materials. Cast iron and
aluminum were used as the material for the thermal analysis. By looking at the
thermal analysis results, it can be seen that the modified intake manifold model
has a thermal flux rate of 0.71 and 0.68 and a heat flow rate of 0.21 and 0.17
on the surface medium.
Checking Compliance of AADL Models with Modeling Guidelines using
Resolint
Authors: Amundson Isaac
Published: March 2023

Certification standards for high-assurance systems include objectives for
demonstrating compliance of process artifacts such as requirements and code with
style guidelines and other standards. With the emergence of model-based
development, similar objectives have been specified that apply to models.
Demonstration of compliance is often achieved by employing a static analysis
linter tool. This paper describes Resolint, an open-source,
lightweight linter tool for checking compliance of Architecture Analysis and
Design Language (AADL) models with modeling guidelines. AADL enables engineers
to describe the key elements of distributed, real-time, embedded system
architectures with a sufficiently rigorous semantics. In addition, AADL provides
an annex mechanism for extending the base language, enabling new kinds of
analyses and tool support. Resolint uses the AADL annex capability to provide a
language for specifying style guide rule sets. It is implemented as a plugin for
the Eclipse-based Open Source AADL Tool Environment (OSATE) and includes an
engine for evaluating whether an AADL model complies with the specified rule
sets. Results of the Resolint analysis are displayed to the user and can even be
automatically incorporated as evidence in a system assurance case using the
companion Resolute tool. To illustrate the features of Resolint, we present
three use cases involving the assurance of embedded avionics applications. We
further describe how we applied Resolint in the evaluation, synthesis, and
assurance of a cyber-resilient UAV surveillance application developed on the
DARPA Cyber Assured Systems Engineering (CASE) program.

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release: distribution
unlimited.
Using AADL to Assess Architectural Concerns for Cyber
Security
Authors: Payne Charles , Shackleton Hazel , Schwerdfeger August , Shackleton John , Lewis Bruce , Boydston Alex
Published: March 2023

We describe how we apply the SAE AS 5506 Architecture and Analysis Design
Language (AADL) [4] to reason about
contextual and architectural concerns for cyber security. A system’s cyber
security certification requires verification that the system’s cyber security
mechanisms are correct, non-bypassable, and tamper-resistant. We can verify
correctness by examining the mechanism itself, but verifying the other qualities
requires us to examine the context in which that mechanism resides.
Understanding that context and validating the system’s evolving design against
that context is an objective for the Architecture Centric Virtual Integration
Process (ACVIP), an AADL-based approach to model and detect system design
defects before they become too costly to fix. We describe our work to apply AADL
to assess non-bypassability and tamper-resistance. The results of our research -
tool plugins for cyber security architectural validation - support system
developers today in their ACVIP activities.
Machine Learning Methods to Improve the Accuracy of Industrial Robots
Authors: Higgins Colm , McGarry Lauren , Butterfield Joe , Murphy Adrian
Published: March 2023

There has been an ongoing need to increase the application of industrial robots to complete high-accuracy aerospace manufacturing and assembly tasks. However, the success of this is dependent on the ability of robotic systems to meet the tolerance requirements of the sector. Machine learning (ML) robot error compensation models have the potential to address this challenge. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been successful in increasing the accuracy of industrial robots. However, they have not always brought robotic accuracy within typical aerospace tolerances. Methods that have not yet been investigated to further optimize the use ANNs used in ML robot error compensation methods are presented in this paper. The focus of ML compensation methods has dominantly surrounded ANNs; there have been little to no investigations into other types of ML algorithms for their suitability as robot error compensation models. The success of ANNs to date proves the capability of ML algorithms for this task, and therefore other ML algorithms should be investigated to determine their capability to potentially improve industrial robot accuracy. This paper takes a novel approach by investigating the Support Vector Regression (SVR) ML algorithm to compensate for robot error. The ML models in this research were trained using measurement data captured using a laser tracker and collaborative robot. The ANN model reduced the mean error by 46.4%, 94.8%, and 95.8%, in the x, y, and z-axis, respectively. The SVR model reduced the mean error by 42.4%, 95.9%, and 98.4%, in the x, y, and z-axis, respectively, demonstrating its ability to be implemented as a robotic error compensation model. The success of both the ANN and SVR algorithms enforces the need for further research into other ML algorithms as robot error compensation models, and there is also still potential to further optimize the algorithms used.
1D Modelling of Thermal Management of a Jet Trainer
Aircraft
Authors: Suat Yunus , Özkan Ayşe Dilek , Sirkeci Ersin
Published: March 2023

Most of current jet aircraft circulate fuel on the airframe to match heat loads
with available heat sink. The demands for thermal management in wide range of
air vehicle systems are growing rapidly along with the increased mission power,
vehicle survivability, flight speeds, and so on. With improved aircraft
performance and growth of heat load created by Aircraft Mounted Accessory Drive
(AMAD) system and hydraulic system, effectively removing the large amount of
heat load on the aircraft is gaining crucial importance. Fuel is becoming heat
transfer fluid of choice for aircraft thermal management since it offers
improved heat transfer characteristics and offers fewer system penalties than
air. In the scope of this paper, an AMESim model is built which includes
airframe fuel and hydraulic systems with AMAD gearbox of a jet trainer aircraft.
The integrated model will be evaluated for thermal performance. JP-8 fuel is
recirculated on the airframe to maintain cooling the oil for AMAD gearbox and
the hydraulic fluid for the hydraulic systems. A Fuel/Oil Heat Exchanger (FOHE)
is integrated on the airframe main fuel line with a thermally actuated valve
located at the fuel outlet port, which prevents fuel temperature from exceeding
limitations at the airframe/engine fuel interface. The valve opens at a
specified fuel temperature allowing excessive fuel to return to main fuel tank
that increase fuel flow through the heat exchanger. AMAD and hydraulic systems
also have their own thermal by-pass valves to adjust fluid quantity to be sent
to the heat exchanger for cooling.
Power Supply Solutions to Enable the Development of eVTOL
Aircrafts
Authors: Ibusuki Ugo , Viti Vinicius Mafra
Published: March 2023

The aerospace industry is undergoing a revolution with the large-scale
development of eVTOL (Electric Vertical Take-Off & Landing) and MEA (More
Electric Aircraft). These aerial vehicles, many of them unmanned vehicles (UAV),
will serve a variety of service-related functions: Search and Rescue (SAR),
Medivac, delivery and lift operations, aerial mapping, and, of course, human
transportation [1].

Despite its numerous functionalities, this type of vehicle has a serious problem,
which is its usual batteries, the main means for its operation. Due to its
autonomy not being so effective compared to its charging time, generating a
considerable loss of time. In this context, it is necessary to find forms of
components that can replace these batteries, so that the effective development
of these vehicles is possible.

Studies done in other means of transportation point out that the use of hydrogen
fuel cells has grown a lot. In this way, it is known that this type of fuel is
seen as something of the future, but many companies have evaluated the
possibility of implementation in cars, trains, and even airplanes. Therefore, a
literature review will be presented about this new type of technology,
demonstrating its advantages and its use. Finally, after careful analysis of the
issues highlighted throughout the article, the best effective solution for
replacing the batteries will be presented, a component that has caused major
problems for the developers of this new aircraft [28].
Built-In-Test for Fiber Optic Links
Authors: Mazurowski John
Published: March 2023

This work covers the historical development of Built-In-Test (BIT) for fiber
optic interconnect links for aerospace applications using Optical Time Domain
Reflectometry (OTDR) equipped transceivers. The original failure modes found
that installed fiber optic links must be disconnected before diagnosis could
begin, often resulting in “no fault found” (NFF) designation. In fact, the
observed root cause was that most (85%) of the fiber optic link defects were
produced by contamination of the connector end faces.

In March of 2006, a fiber optics workshop was held with roughly sixty experts
from system and component manufacturers to discuss the difficulties of fiber
optic test in aerospace platforms. During this meeting it was hypothesized that
Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (OTDR) was feasible using an optical
transceiver transmit pulse as a stimulus. The time delay and amplitude of
received reflections would correlate with the position and severity of link
defects, respectively.

The concept was demonstrated by Boeing in 2007. This was followed with a trade
study that compared OTDR techniques that could possibly be miniaturized enough
to be useful in identification of cable defects in aerospace platforms.
Subsequent SBIR and STTR projects supported the development of compliant optical
transceivers that included normal transceiver operation, along with OTDR testing
using transmitted pulses.

Therefore, disconnection of a link for troubleshooting purposes would no longer
be necessary. These projects were executed by Ultra Communications (since
acquired by Samtec Corporation), which developed a prototype OTDR transceiver
for use with multimode fiber. These multimode transceivers are now available. A
single mode version of the OTDR transceiver is under development.
A Review of Digital Twin for Vehicle Predictive Maintenance
System
Authors: Wang Chengwei , Fan Ip-Shing , King Stephen
Published: March 2023

The development of Digital Twin (DT) has become popular. A dominant description
of DT is that it is a software representation that mimics a physical object to
portray its real-world performance and operating conditions of an asset. It uses
near real-time data captured from the asset and enables proactive optimal
operation decisions. There are many other definitions of DT, but not many
explicit evaluations of DT performance found in literature. The authors have an
interest to investigate and evaluate the quality and stability of appropriate DT
techniques in real world aircraft Maintenance, Repair, and overhaul (MRO)
activities. This paper reviews the origin of DT concept, the evolution and
development of recent DT technologies. Examples of DTs in aircraft systems and
transferable knowledge in related vehicle industries are collated. The paper
contrasts the benefits and bottlenecks of the two categories of DT methods,
Data-Driven (DDDT) and Model-Based (MBDT) models. The paper evaluates the
applicability of the two models to represent vehicle system management. The
authors present their methodological approach on Predictive Maintenance (PM)
development basing on reliable DT models for vehicle systems. This paper
contributes to design, operation, and support of aircraft/vehicle systems.
Wykładnia komparatystyczna czy niekomparatystyczne odwołanie do prawa obcego? Studium przypadku Trybunału Konstytucyjnego
Authors: Ziółkowski Michał
Published: March 2023

Comparative Interpretation or Non-comparative Reference to Foreign Law? (A case Study of the Polish Constitutional Tribunal)

The aim of the article is a reconstruction of the Constitutional Tribunal’s understanding of references to foreign law and jurisprudence. The research sample consists of judgments concerning: (i) the Lisbon Treaty; (ii) shooting down a civil aircraft; (iii) control of the objectives of a political party; (iv) data retention. Other judgements are referred supplementary. The article focuses on the internal point of view of the Constitutional Tribunal. It analyses how the Tribunal describes and understands the references to foreign law and foreign case law. It also discusses how the Tribunal uses that references. The main argument is that the Tribunal does not perceive its practice (i.e. references to foreign law) as comparative constitutionalism or comparative thinking. Consequentially, maybe it is not justified for scholars to criticize this practice as comparatively flawed. The article ends with a call to view the Tribunal’s references differently since the references to foreign law are an element of the non-linguistic context of the interpretation of constitutional provisions. It is also closer to an argument from authority than a comparative one.
Abuzywne zapożyczenia konstytucyjne jako „ciemna strona” liberalnej demokracji (artykuł recenzyjny)
Authors: Fox Natalie
Published: March 2023

Abusive Constitutional Borrowing as a ‘Dark Side’ of Liberal Democracy (A Review)

In the book Abusive Constitutional Borrowing. Legal Globalization and the Subversion of Liberal Democracy its authors Rosalind Dixon and David Landau emphasize that legal globalization has its ‘dark side’ since the norms of liberal and democratic constitutionalism can easily be used for anti-democratic purposes. There appears disorientation in both the national and international political arena through the application of norms, which are peculiar to democracies, albeit they constitute potent tools for consolidating power and suppressing opposition. The present era is the time where democratic backsliding and covert autocratization have become the prevalent issues. Some regimes dress their activities under the guise of a liberal and democratic discourse. In lieu of committing military coups, modern policymakers tend to implement more legal forms of anti-democratic change to undermine democracy by using constitutional rights or the courts (judicial review). The characteristic feature of abusive constitutional borrowing is to maximize the achievement of antidemocratic goal. It is a deliberate attack on the democratic minimum core, which consequently leads to a gradual erosion of democracy. Modern democracies have a tendency to move back to autocratization by combining different forms of constitutional abuses, which can be classified as constitutional changes and sub-constitutional ones with a formal or informal character. Moreover, one can also discern various forms of borrowings i.e., superficial, selective, acontextual, and anti-purposive.
Nowi kapłani dla nowej epoki – wizja kapłana według papieża Franciszka
Authors: Andrukiewicz Piotr
Published: March 2023

Papież Franciszek wielokrotnie wypowiadał się na temat kapłaństwa i swojej wizji kapłana w nowym tysiącleciu. Istota kapłaństwa nie zmienia się, ale styl, sposób sprawowania urzędu i metody postępowania muszą się zmieniać zgodnie z nowymi okolicznościami życia. Postać kapłana i jego posługa są zawsze wezwane do „przedefiniowania się”, przekształcenia i niejako „nawrócenia”, zgodnie z duchowym i teologicznym rozwojem Kościoła, uwzględniając znaki czasu obecne w konkretnym życiu Ludu Bożego. Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą uchwycenia najważniejszych cech kapłana podkreślanych przez papieża Franciszka, które wydają się istotne w nowej erze intensywnych przemian.

New priests for a new epoch – the vision of the priest according to pope Francis
Pope Francis has spoken many times about the priesthood and his vision of the priest in the new millennium. The essence of the priesthood does not change, but the style, the manner of holding office and the methods of conduct must change according to the new circumstances of life. The figure of the priest and his ministry are always called to "redefine themselves", to be transformed and in some way "converted", according to the spiritual and theological development of the Church, and taking into account the signs of the times present in the concrete life of the People of God. This article is an attempt to capture the most important features of the priest emphasized by Pope Francis, which seem important in the new era of intense changes.
Głód ducha i sens powołania – próba diagnozy
Authors: Królikowski Janusz
Published: March 2023

Z punktu widzenia biblijnego i nauczania kościelnego kategoria powołania jawi się jako kluczowa dla zrozumienia i określenia miejsca człowieka w świecie i nadania mu sensu. Wydaje się jednak, że obecnie ta kategoria znajduje się w kryzysie, o czym świadczy znikome odwoływanie się do niej w teologii i w życiu duchowym, a niejednokrotnie zastępuje się ją innymi kategoriami, wśród których na pierwsze miejsce wchodzi modna kategoria profesjonalizmu. Z drugiej jednak strony, człowiek odkrywa dzisiaj głód ducha rozumiany jako poszukiwanie głębszego sensu swojej misji w świecie. Jest on na pewno wzbudzany przez Ducha Świętego oraz same wydarzenia i zjawiska historyczne, które dzisiaj obserwujemy, potwierdzające, że chodzi o głód Ducha Świętego, który ukierunkowuje życie ludzkie na Boga. Odnowione odwołanie się więc do kategorii powołania może przyczynić się do wzbudzenia w człowieku nowego zapału duchowego i czynnego uczestniczenia w dziejach.

The craving for the spirit and the sense of vocation – an attempt at diagnosis

From the biblical point of view as well as for what the teachings of the Church state the notion of vocation appears to be a key category for the understanding and determining the place of man in the world and for making him meaningful. However, it seems that, currently this category is confronted with a period of crisis, which is reflected in a scarce number of references made to it in theology and spiritual life. It happens quite often that other categories are substituted for it like for instance “professionalism” which is one of the most fashionable categories of this sort these days. On the other hand, man discovers today a craving for the spirit understood as a search for a more profound meaning of his mission in the world. It is certainly inspired by the Holy Spirit and the very historical events and phenomena which we can observe today and which confirm the fact that it is about the craving for the Holy Spirit who turns people towards God. The renewed reference to the category of vocation may contribute to the stimulation of a new spiritual zeal in man and to an active participation in the course of history.
New Results on Directed Edge Dominating Set
Authors: Belmonte Rémy , Hanaka Tesshu , Katsikarelis Ioannis , Kim Eun Jung , Lampis Michael
Published: March 2023

We study a family of generalizations of Edge Dominating Set on directed
graphs called Directed $(p,q)$-Edge Dominating Set. In this problem an arc
$(u,v)$ is said to dominate itself, as well as all arcs which are at distance
at most $q$ from $v$, or at distance at most $p$ to $u$.
First, we give significantly improved FPT algorithms for the two most
important cases of the problem, $(0,1)$-dEDS and $(1,1)$-dEDS (that correspond
to versions of Dominating Set on line graphs), as well as polynomial kernels.
We also improve the best-known approximation for these cases from logarithmic
to constant. In addition, we show that $(p,q)$-dEDS is FPT parameterized by
$p+q+tw$, but W-hard parameterized by $tw$ (even if the size of the optimal is
added as a second parameter), where $tw$ is the treewidth of the underlying
graph of the input.
We then go on to focus on the complexity of the problem on tournaments. Here,
we provide a complete classification for every possible fixed value of $p,q$,
which shows that the problem exhibits a surprising behavior, including cases
which are in P; cases which are solvable in quasi-polynomial time but not in P;
and a single case $(p=q=1)$ which is NP-hard (under randomized reductions) and
cannot be solved in sub-exponential time, under standard assumptions.
Does Bitcoin Provide a Hedge to Islamic Stock Markets During and Post-COVID-19 Outbreak? Evidence From Asia Based on a Multivariate-GARCH Approach
Authors: Lim Siok Jin , Neoh Andaeus Zun Khan
Published: March 2023

This paper applies the DCC-MGARCH model to investigate the role of Bitcoin as a hedge for Islamic stocks in Asia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite being a highly volatile cryptocurrency, evidence of low dynamic correlation between Bitcoin and Islamic stocks is confirmed across the Asian region. We find that Bitcoin’s diversification benefits improve towards the later stages of the pandemic when countries were transitioning to an endemic phase.
The Dynamic Impact of World Pandemic Uncertainty on Stock Market Crash Risk: An International Study
Authors: Xue Wenjun , Zhu Chen , Hu Yu
Published: March 2023

This paper examines the dynamic impact of world pandemic uncertainty on the crash risk of international stock markets. The results show world pandemic uncertainty has a positive impact on the crash risk. The effect is largest in the first quarter and significantly fades away in the following three quarters after the shock. Our results are robust for developed and emerging markets and for alternative measures of crash risk and world pandemic uncertainty.
18 c Correlation of Schmidt Hammer Rebound Numbers with Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity and Slake Durability Index of Dolomitic Limestone of Khyber, North Pakistan
Authors: Abbas Naeem , Akhter Qureshi Javed , Mir Zahid , Khan Asghar
Published: March 2023

The ultrasonic pulse velocity and slake durability index are the indirect techniques used widely for rock strength determination. Various experimental studies like slake durability apparatus, ultrasonic pulse velocity and Schmidt hammer have been conducted on dolomitic limestone. The correlation of Schmidt hammer rebound number has been developed with these properties. The uniaxial compressive strength has been determined using the correlated rebound number. Statistical analyses were conducted and the most suitable models were recommended. The linear model was suited in correlation of Schmidt hammer and durability while exponential model appeared best fit with pulse velocity. Most of the tested samples show pulse velocity in the range of 1800-3800m/s. The mean value of pulse velocity was 2751 m/s while the rebound hammer value was 45. Using the correlations from literature the compressive strength calculated by rebound hammer and pulse velocity was 146MPa and 66MPa respectively.
Synthesis of Zeolites from Coal Fly Ash and Their Environmental Application
Authors: Bux Nabi , Tumrani Sadam Hussain , Soomro Razium Ali , XiaodongJi
Published: March 2023

This study aims to make adsorption-capable zeolite from coal fly ash, a waste product from coal-fired power plants (CFA). When it comes to commercializing sorbent, the total cost and efficiency of the adsorbent material are critical. This work used tap water instead of distilled water (DW) to synthesis zeolite from fly ashes at 90°C crystallization temperatures. The discovery lays the door for a cost-effective but easy technique of synthesizing viable zeolitic materials for adsorption applications using waste products like coal fly ash. According to the comprehensive characterization, the support for the use of TP to make zeolites is based on its larger particle size, and lower carbon impurities. The generated zeolite was homogenous and A-type, and applied as an adsorbent to remove traces of heavy metals contaminants. During a 25-minute agitation period, the zeolites produced with TP had a greater adsorption capacity. In principle, the proposed approach permits the synthesis of low-cost, high-efficiency zeolite-based adsorbent materials for environmental remediation without the use of harmful or expensive chemicals.
Spatial-Temporal Re-Analysis of Seasonal Air Quality Data in Karachi City for Future Prospects
Authors: Das Arjan , Nergis Yasmin , Abdullah Butt Jawad , Khan Mohammad Jahangir
Published: March 2023

Air quality in Karachi, Pakistan appears to be deteriorating in the world due to rapid increase in population, economic growth and subsequent increase in urbanization and energy demand. This study Re-is about the cumulative effects of anthropogenic activities on air chemistry of the study area atmosphere with ground base concentration measurements of gaseous air pollutants (SO2, NO2, CO, CO2 and O3), particulates (PM10 and TSP), Methane, Lead and Noise with temperature and seasonal influences on Karachi city. The primary goal of this study was to define spatial and temporal distribution of air pollutants with ArcGIS, seasonal behavior of airborne contaminants, convert the five major pollutants termed as criteria pollutants into Air Quality Index (AQI) and their temperature association for future prospects. The maximum average values of four seasons concentrations of air pollutants were found SO2=64.5 ug/m3 (GR), NO2=55.5 ug/m3 (FB), CO= 8.00 mg/m3 (CC), CO2=645 ug/m3 (NZ), O3=56.7 ug/m3 (ST), PM10=225 μg/m3 (CC), TSP=402 ug/m3 (CC), Methane=1.65 m/gm3 (CC), Lead=5.1 ug/m3 (ST), and Noise=85 dB (GR). The minimum four seasons average concentration values with monitoring location as {SO2=48.2 ug/m3 (FB), NO2=44.6 ug/m3 (NZ), CO=4.1 mg/m3 (BC), CO2=601 ug/m3 (JH), O3=42.4 ug/m3 (GR), PM10=150 ug/m3 (BC), TSP=226 ug/m3 (JH), Methane=0.68 mg/m3 (BC), Lead=32 ug/m3 (GZ), and Noise=81 dB (BC). The spatial-temporal analysis of air quality revealed that the pollutants in the summer are higher in industrial and high-density traffic junctions. In this study, temperature and air quality are significantly associated, while rainfall and relatively high humidity days are negatively correlated. High temperature months have highest air pollution values, whereas the washout impact of precipitation and relative humidity have the lowest levels. The analysis of air quality index parameters demonstrated a high coherence among NO2, CO and O3 with variation in
Mature MNE Subsidiaries in Emerging Markets: An Old Phenomenon with a New Research Agenda
Authors: Arndt Felix , Roell Christiaan , Kumar Vikas
Published: March 2023

Subsidiaries that were established in emerging markets many decades ago require different management practices than new market entrants and indigenous firms. The international business (IB) literature lacks both theories that predict the behaviors of mature subsidiaries in host countries as well as a solid empirical base to sufficiently comprehend this distinct category of firms. We explain the phenomenon, its distinct character, and underscore missed opportunities for research on mature subsidiaries in the IB field, with the ultimate goal of promoting research that can better advise managers of these multinational enterprises (MNEs).
Concurrent Intermediate Uveitis and an Enhancing Intracranial Lesion as the Initial Manifestation of Sarcoidosis
Authors: Huang Elaine HZ , Yeo Kim-Teck , Lim Wee-Kiak , Chau Cora YP , Hwang William YK
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Posterior segment involvement has been described to be associated with central nervous system involvement in sarcoidosis as a result of direct sarcoid tissue infiltration or mass effect of a cerebral lesion. However, isolated intermediate uveitis occurring concurrently with central nervous system involvement prior to extensive systemic disease is rare.

Clinical Picture: We describe a patient with neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of intermediate uveitis and an enhancing basal ganglia lesion at initial presentation, in the absence of extensive systemic disease.
Treatment: He was treated with high-dose systemic steroids which was progressively tailed down over 6 months.
Outcome: There was prompt resolution of vitritis with good preservation of visual acuity.
Conclusion: The difficulties of the initial diagnosis of sarcoidosis and the indications for initiation of steroid therapy are illustrated. We use this case to emphasise the need for a high clinical suspicion of sarcoidosis in the presence of similar unusual and seemingly unrelated combinations of neurological manifestations so as to facilitate the prompt institution of appropriate treatment when indicated.
Necrotising Fasciitis and Traditional Medical Therapy – A Dangerous Liaison
Authors: Lim Yi-Jia , Yong Fok-Chuan , Wong Chin-Ho , Tan Agnes BH
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Necrotising fasciitis is a disease associated with high morbidity and mortality, and multi-focal necrotising fasciitis is uncommon. We present 2 cases of concurrent necrotising fasciitis of contralateral upper and lower limbs.

Clinical Picture: Both presented with pain, swelling, bruising or necrosis of the affected extremities. Traditional medical therapy was sought prior to their presentation.

Treatment: After initial debridement, one patient subsequently underwent amputation of the contralateral forearm and leg. The other underwent a forearm amputation, but refused a below-knee amputation.

Outcome: The first patient survived, while the second died. Conclusion: Traditional medical therapy can cause bacterial inoculation, leading to necrotising fasciitis, and also leads to delay in appropriate treatment. Radical surgery is needed
to optimise patient survival.
Key words: Amputation, Debridement, Limb
Delayed Hypersensitivity Reaction After Intravenous Glucagon Administered for a Barium Enema: A Case Report
Authors: Neoh Ching Yin , Tan Audrey WH , Leow Yung Hian
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Few reports have documented allergic hypersensitivity reactions after barium gastrointestinal studies. Of these, the barium suspension, its additives or intravenous glucagon given for bowel relaxation has been implicated as possible allergens. We report a patient with delayed hypersensitivity reaction after barium enema and discuss the reasons supporting glucagon as the possible allergen.

Clinical Picture: A 74-year-old Chinese woman presented with pruritic rashes, 1 day after a barium enema. Intravenous glucagon (GlucaGen®, Novo Nordisk, Denmark) was administered during the barium enema. Physical examination revealed palpable purpuric rashes on the legs with erythematous papules and plaques on the arms and trunk. Skin biopsy demonstrated superficial perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes and eosinophils, consistent with a drug eruption.
Treatment and Outcome: The rashes resolved with antihistamines and topical corticosteroids.
Conclusion: This report highlights the potential of glucagon to cause hypersensitivity reactions. Awareness of this entity is important for the prevention and recognition of complications during barium gastrointestinal studies.

Key words: Gastrointestinal, Hypersensitivity, Parasympatholytics, Radiology