bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Paleosecular Variation Averaging and Correcting Paleomagnetic Inclination Shallowing
Authors: Tauxe L. , Heslop D. , Gilder S. A.
Published: August 2024

This paper addresses one of the critical questions of scientific inquiry: How do we know when a given data set is representative of the phenomenon being examined? For paleomagnetists, the question is often whether a particular data set sufficiently averaged paleosecular variation (PSV). To this aim, we updated an existing PSV data set that now comprises 2,441 site mean directions from 94 individual studies (PSV10‐24). Minimal filtering for data quality resulted in 1,619 sites from 90 publications. Fitting PSV10‐24 with two newly defined parameters as well as two existing ones form the basis of a Giant Gaussian Process field model (THG24) consistent with the data. Drawing directions from THG24 yields directional distributions predicted for a given latitude allowing a comparison between empirical distributions and the cumulative distribution function generated by the model. This tests whether the observed data adequately averaged out PSV according to THG24. We applied these tests to five data sets from Large Igneous Provinces from the last billion years and find that they are consistent with the THG24 model as well. Sedimentary data sets that may have experienced inclination shallowing can be corrected using an (un)flattening factor that yields directions satisfying THG24 in a newly‐defined, four‐parameter space. This approach builds on the Elongation‐Inclination (E/I) method of Tauxe and Kent (2004), https://doi.org/10.1029/145gm08, so the approach introduced here is called SVEI. We show examples of the use of SVEI and explain how to use this newly developed Python code that is publicly available in the PmagPy GitHub repository.
Clinical application of whole-genome sequencing of solid tumors for precision oncology
Authors: Kim Ryul , Kim Seokhwi , Oh Brian Baek-Lok , Yu Woo Sik , Kim Chang Woo , Hur Hoon , Son Sang-Yong , Yang Min Jae , Cho Dae Sung , Ha Taeyang , Heo Subin , Jang Jeon Yeob , Yun Jae Sung , Kwack Kyu-Sung , Kim Jai Keun , Huh Jimi , Lim Sun Gyo , Han Sang-Uk , Lee Hyun Woo , Park Ji Eun , Kim Chul-Ho , Roh Jin , Koh Young Wha , Lee Dakeun , Kim Jang-Hee , Lee Gil Ho , Noh Choong-Kyun , Jung Yun Jung , Park Ji Won , Sheen Seungsoo , Ahn Mi Sun , Choi Yong Won , Kim Tae-Hwan , Kang Seok Yun , Choi Jin-Hyuk , Baek Soo Yeon , Lee Kee Myung , Il Kim Sun , Noh Sung Hyun , Kim Se-Hyuk , Hwang Hyemin , Joo Eunjung , Lee Shinjung , Shin Jong-Yeon , Yun Ji-Young , Park Junggil , Yi Kijong , Kwon Youngoh , Lee Won-Chul , Park Hansol , Lim Joonoh , Yi Boram , Koo Jaemo , Koh June-Young , Lee Sangmoon , Lee Yuna , Lee Bo-Rahm , Connolly-Strong Erin , Ju Young Seok , Kwon Minsuk
Published: August 2024

Genomic alterations in tumors play a pivotal role in determining their clinical trajectory and responsiveness to treatment. Targeted panel sequencing (TPS) has served as a key clinical tool over the past decade, but advancements in sequencing costs and bioinformatics have now made whole-genome sequencing (WGS) a feasible single-assay approach for almost all cancer genomes in clinical settings. This paper reports on the findings of a prospective, single-center study exploring the real-world clinical utility of WGS (tumor and matched normal tissues) and has two primary objectives: (1) assessing actionability for therapeutic options and (2) providing clarity for clinical questions. Of the 120 patients with various solid cancers who were enrolled, 95 (79%) successfully received genomic reports within a median of 11 working days from sampling to reporting. Analysis of these 95 WGS reports revealed that 72% (68/95) yielded clinically relevant insights, with 69% (55/79) pertaining to therapeutic actionability and 81% (13/16) pertaining to clinical clarity. These benefits include the selection of informed therapeutics and/or active clinical trials based on the identification of driver mutations, tumor mutational burden (TMB) and mutational signatures, pathogenic germline variants that warrant genetic counseling, and information helpful for inferring cancer origin. Our findings highlight the potential of WGS as a comprehensive tool in precision oncology and suggests that it should be integrated into routine clinical practice to provide a complete image of the genomic landscape to enable tailored cancer management.
Long-term changes in adiposity markers during and after antidepressant therapy in a community cohort
Authors: Mwinyi Jessica , Strippoli Marie-Pierre F. , Kanders Sofia H. , Schiöth Helgi B. , Eap Chin B. , Lasserre Aurélie M. , Marques-Vidal Pedro , Vandeleur Caroline L. , Preisig Martin
Published: August 2024

Research on antidepressant-related weight changes over more than 12 months is scarce and adjustment for the effects of depressive episodes has rarely been applied. Accordingly, our aim was to assess the associations of the use of any antidepressants, subclasses of antidepressant and specific compounds prior to baseline and during a 5.5-year follow-up with changes in adiposity markers, and the effect of sex on these associations, with adjustment for multiple confounders including the effects of depressive episodes and their severity. Data stemmed from a prospective cohort study including 2479 randomly selected 35–66 year-old residents of an urban area (mean age 49.9 years, 53.3% women) who underwent physical and psychiatric evaluations at baseline and follow-up. Weight, height, waist circumference, and body fat were measured by trained nurses and information on diagnosis and antidepressant use prior to baseline and during follow-up was collected through standardized interviews. In the fully adjusted models, the number of antidepressants, mainly SSRIs and TCAs, used prior to baseline, was associated with a lower increase of body-mass index (BMI, β (95%CI) = −0.12 (−0.19, −0.05)) and waist circumference (β = −0.28 (−0.56, −0.01)), whereas participants treated with antidepressants during the follow-up had a steeper increase in BMI (β = 0.32 (0.13, 0.50)) and waist circumference (β = 1.23 (0.44, 2.01)). Within the class of SSRIs, the use of fluoxetine, sertraline or escitalopram during follow-up was associated with a steeper increase in adiposity markers. The associations of SSRIs with BMI and waist circumference were only observed when the SSRIs were used during the second period of the follow-up. Sex did not moderate these associations. Our findings suggest an increase of adiposity markers during sustained treatment with TCAs and SSRIs, which however return to normal levels after cessation of treatment. Hence, the benefit of long-term administration of these antidepressants should be carefully weighed against the potential risk of weight gain.
Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD) is a novel molecular target of bortezomib
Authors: Feng Yu , Luo Hongmei , Huang Jingcao , Zhang Yue , Wen Jingjing , Li Linfeng , Mi Ziyue , Gao Qianwen , He Siyao , Liu Xiang , Zhai Xinyu , Wang Xin , Zhang Li , Niu Ting , Zheng Yuhuan
Published: August 2024

Proteasome inhibitors (PIs), such as bortezomib and calfizomib, were backbone agents in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). In this study, we investigated bortezomib interactors in MM cells and identified dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD) as a molecular target of bortezomib. DLD catalyzes the oxidation of dihydrolipoamide to form lipoamide, a reaction that also generates NADH. Our data showed that bortezomib bound to DLD and inhibited DLD’s enzymatic function in MM cells. DLD knocked down MM cells (DLD-KD) had decreased levels of NADH. Reduced NADH suppressed assembly of proteasome complex in cells. As a result, DLD-KD MM cells had decreased basal-level proteasome activity and were more sensitive to bortezomib. Since PIs were used in many anti-MM regimens in clinics, we found that high expression of DLD correlated with inferior prognosis of MM. Considering the regulatory role of DLD in proteasome assembly, we evaluated DLD targeting therapy in MM cells. DLD inhibitor CPI-613 showed a synergistic anti-MM effect with bortezomib in vitro and in vivo. Overall, our findings elucidated DLD as an alternative molecular target of bortezomib in MM. DLD-targeting might increase MM sensitivity to PIs.
Sulfur starvation-induced autophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae involves SAM-dependent signaling and transcription activator Met4
Authors: Prigent Magali , Jean-Jacques Hélène , Naquin Delphine , Chédin Stéphane , Cuif Marie-Hélène , Legouis Renaud , Kuras Laurent
Published: August 2024

Autophagy is a key lysosomal degradative mechanism allowing a prosurvival response to stresses, especially nutrient starvation. Here we investigate the mechanism of autophagy induction in response to sulfur starvation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We found that sulfur deprivation leads to rapid and widespread transcriptional induction of autophagy-related (ATG) genes in ways not seen under nitrogen starvation. This distinctive response depends mainly on the transcription activator of sulfur metabolism Met4. Consistently, Met4 is essential for autophagy under sulfur starvation. Depletion of either cysteine, methionine or SAM induces autophagy flux. However, only SAM depletion can trigger strong transcriptional induction of ATG genes and a fully functional autophagic response. Furthermore, combined inactivation of Met4 and Atg1 causes a dramatic decrease in cell survival under sulfur starvation, highlighting the interplay between sulfur metabolism and autophagy to maintain cell viability. Thus, we describe a pathway of sulfur starvation-induced autophagy depending on Met4 and involving SAM as signaling sulfur metabolite.
Lack of detectable HPV18 antibodies in 14% of quadrivalent vaccinees in a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Gray Penelope , Mariz Filipe Colaço , Eklund Carina , Eriksson Tiina , Faust Helena , Kann Hanna , Müller Martin , Paavonen Jorma , Pimenoff Ville N. , Sehr Peter , Surcel Heljä-Marja , Dillner Joakim , Waterboer Tim , Lehtinen Matti
Published: August 2024

Although HPV vaccines are highly efficacious, a notable proportion of quadrivalent vaccinees are HPV18 seronegative post-vaccination. We have investigated this findings’ validity by comparing vaccine-induced antibody responses using two different immunoassays. 6558 16–17-year-old females participated in the FUTURE II (NCT00092534) and PATRICIA (NCT00122681) trials in 2002–2004. Both the quadrivalent and bivalent vaccine recipients (QVR and BVR) received three doses. Twelve-year follow-up for 648 vaccinees was conducted by the Finnish Maternity Cohort. The presence of neutralising and binding HPV antibodies was analysed via HPV pseudovirion-based neutralisation and pseudovirion-binding assays. Four percent and 14.3% of the QVRs were seronegative for neutralising and binding antibodies to HPV16 and HPV18, respectively. No BVRs were HPV16/18 seronegative post-vaccination. The antibody titres were strongly correlated between the assays, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, r[HPV16] = 0.92 and 0.85, and r[HPV18] = 0.91 and 0.86 among the QVRs and BVRs respectively. Fourteen percent of QVRs lacked detectable HPV18 antibodies in long-term follow-up.
EStreams: An integrated dataset and catalogue of streamflow, hydro-climatic and landscape variables for Europe
Authors: do Nascimento Thiago V. M. , Rudlang Julia , Höge Marvin , van der Ent Ruud , Chappon Máté , Seibert Jan , Hrachowitz Markus , Fenicia Fabrizio
Published: August 2024

Large-sample hydrology datasets have become increasingly available, contributing to significant scientific advances. However, in Europe, only a few such datasets have been published, capturing only a fraction of the wealth of information from national data providers in terms of available spatial density and temporal extent. We present “EStreams”, an extensive dataset of hydro-climatic variables and landscape descriptors and a catalogue of openly available stream records for 17,130 European catchments. Spanning up to 120 years, the dataset includes streamflow indices, catchment-aggregated hydro-climatic signatures and landscape attributes (topography, soils, geology, vegetation and landcover). The catalogue provides detailed descriptions that allow users to directly access streamflow data sources, overcoming challenges related to data redistribution policies, language barriers and varied data portal structures. EStreams also provides Python scripts for data retrieval, aggregation and processing, making it dynamic in contrast to static datasets. This approach enables users to update their data as new records become available. Our goal is to extend current large-sample datasets and further integrate hydro-climatic and landscape data across Europe.
JR5558 mice are a reliable model to investigate subretinal fibrosis
Authors: Seyed-Razavi Yashar , Lee So-Ra , Fan Jiawen , Shen Weiyong , Cornish Elisa E. , Gillies Mark C.
Published: August 2024

Subretinal fibrosis is a major untreatable cause of poor outcomes in neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Mouse models of subretinal fibrosis all possess a degree of invasiveness and tissue damage not typical of fibrosis progression. This project characterises JR5558 mice as a model to study subretinal fibrosis. Fundus and optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging was used to non-invasively track lesions. Lesion number and area were quantified with ImageJ. Retinal sections, wholemounts and Western blots were used to characterise alterations. Subretinal lesions expand between 4 and 8 weeks and become established in size and location around 12 weeks. Subretinal lesions were confirmed to be fibrotic, including various cell populations involved in fibrosis development. Müller cell processes extended from superficial retina into subretinal lesions at 8 weeks. Western blotting revealed increases in fibronectin (4 wk and 8 wk, p < 0.001), CTGF (20 wks, p < 0.001), MMP2 (12 wks and 20 wks p < 0.05), αSMA (12 wks and 20 wks p < 0.05) and GFAP (8 wk and 12 wk, p ≤ 0.01), consistent with our immunofluorescence results. Intravitreal injection of Aflibercept reduced subretinal lesion growth. Our study provides evidence JR5558 mice have subretinal fibrotic lesions that grow between 4 and 8 weeks and confirms this line to be a good model to study subretinal fibrosis development and assess treatment options.
Bioactivity of silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.) berries parts against Galleria mellonella and Erwinia carotovora and LC-MS chemical profile of its potential extract
Authors: Kobisi Abdel Nasser A. , Balah Mohamed A. , Hassan Ahmed R.
Published: August 2024

Natural products received much attention as an environmentally beneficial solution for pest management. Therefore, the extracts of invasive silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.) weeds using their berries parts (seeds, peels and mucilage) supported by bioassay-guided fractionation were tested against both the greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella) and Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora causes of the blackleg of potatoes. The seeds and peels of S. elaeagnifolium were successively extracted by maceration using dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and ethanol (EtOH), respectively. While, its mucilage was extracted using EtOAc. The successive EtOH extract of the plant seeds had promising inhibition efficacy and the best minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of 50 µg/ml against E. Carotovora amongst other extracts (DCM and EtOAc of the plant berries parts). Depending on dose response activity, EtOH extract had G. mellonella larval mortality and pupal duration rates (LC50; 198.30 and LC95; 1294.73 µg/ml), respectively. Additionally, this EtOH extract of seeds was fractionated using preparative TLC to three characteristic bands. The insecticidal and bacterial activities of these isolated bands (SEA, SEB, and SEC) were evaluated at a dose of 100 µg/ml, causing mortality by 48.48, 62.63 and 92.93% (G. mellonella larvae) and inhibition by 15.22, 0.00 and 31.66 mm (E. carotovora), respectively. Moreover, the separated major three bands were tentatively identified using LC-ESI-MS analysis revealing the presence of two phenolic acids; chlorogenic acid (SEA) and dicaffeoyl quinic acid (SEB) in addition to one steroidal saponin (SEC) annotated as borassoside E or yamoscin. Finally, the plant seeds’ successive EtOH extract as well as its active constituents, exhibited potential broad-spectrum activity and the ability to participate in future pest management initiatives. A field study is also recommended to validate its bio-efficacy against selected pests and to develop its formulations.
Unified framework for laser-induced transient bubble dynamics within microchannels
Authors: Nagalingam Nagaraj , Korede Vikram , Irimia Daniel , Westerweel Jerry , Padding Johan T. , Hartkamp Remco , Eral Hüseyin Burak
Published: August 2024

Oscillatory flow in confined spaces is central to understanding physiological flows and rational design of synthetic periodic-actuation based micromachines. Using theory and experiments on oscillating flows generated through a laser-induced cavitation bubble, we associate the dynamic bubble size (fluid velocity) and bubble lifetime to the laser energy supplied—a control parameter in experiments. Employing different channel cross-section shapes, sizes and lengths, we demonstrate the characteristic scales for velocity, time and energy to depend solely on the channel geometry. Contrary to the generally assumed absence of instability in low Reynolds number flows ($$<1000$$

<
1000

), we report a momentary flow distortion that originates due to the boundary layer separation near channel walls during flow deceleration. The emergence of distorted laminar states is characterized using two stages. First the conditions for the onset of instabilities is analyzed using the Reynolds number and Womersley number for oscillating flows. Second the growth and the ability of an instability to prevail is analyzed using the convective time scale of the flow. Our findings inform rational design of microsystems leveraging pulsatile flows via cavitation-powered microactuation.
Association of information technology ability, workplace social engagement, and successful ageing: validation of a short measure with three African samples
Authors: Asiamah Nestor , Hatsu Sylvester , Muhonja Faith , Opara Confidence Chinwe , Opuni Frank Frimpong , Danquah Emelia , Sghaier Sarra
Published: August 2024

This study examined the association of workplace social engagement (WSE) and information technology ability (ITA) with successful ageing and validated a brief scale measuring WSE. The interaction of WSE and ITA on successful ageing was also assessed. A cross-sectional design was adopted, and the participants were 1186 older adults living in Kenya (n = 350), Nigeria (n = 260), and Ghana (n = 576). Pearson’s correlation and factor analyses of two datasets (i.e., waves 1 and 2) from the sample were utilised to validate the WSE scale. Hierarchical linear regression analyses with relevant sensitivity analyses were utilised to assess the associations with wave 2 data. The WSE scale produced satisfactory psychometric properties (i.e., reliability and validity) as a unidimensional measure. WSE and ITA were positively associated with successful ageing in Kenya and Ghana and in the consolidated data. The interaction between WSE and ITA was positively associated with successful ageing and its domains (i.e., illness avoidance, functioning, and engagement with life) in Kenya, Ghana, and consolidated data. At higher ITA or the use of information technologies, WSE is less strongly associated with successful ageing. WSE is more strongly associated with successful ageing only at moderate ITA.
The high-pressure structure of (1-x)Na$$_{0.5}$$Bi$$_{0.5}$$TiO$$_3$$-xBaTiO$$_3$$ at the morphotropic phase boundary
Authors: Rösche Constanze , Boffa Ballaran Tiziana , Malcherek Thomas , Paulmann Carsten , Angel Ross John , Gorfman Semën , Mihailova Boriana
Published: August 2024

The pressure-induced structural changes in the perovskite-type (ABO$$_3$$

3

) ferroelectric solid solution (1-x)Na$$_{0.5}$$

0.5

Bi$$_{0.5}$$

0.5

TiO$$_3$$

3

-xBaTiO$$_3$$

3

(NBT-xBT) at the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) ($$x_{\text {MPB}}=0.048$$

x
MPB

=
0.048

) have been analyzed up to 12.3 GPa by single-crystal x-ray diffraction with synchrotron radiation. A pressure-induced phase transition takes place between 4.4 and 5.0 GPa, where the pseudocubic low-pressure phase transforms into an orthorhombic high-pressure phase with space group Pnma. The high-pressure phase is comprised of mixed BO$$_6$$

6

tilts and anti-polar A-cation displacements, without exhibiting coherent off-centered shifts of the B-site Ti$$^{4+}$$

4
+

cations that can be detected by synchrotron x-ray diffraction. Our results reveal that at ambient pressure and room temperature the NBT-$$x_\mathrm{{MPB}}$$

x
MPB

BT structure possesses anti-phase BO$$_6$$

6

tilts with a relatively large correlation length and the same type of polar distortions as those present in pure NBT, but with strongly violated correlation length due to Ba$$^{2+}$$

2
+

-induced local elastic-stress fields. For $$x_{\text {MPB}}$$

x
MPB

the effect of Ba on the mesoscopic-scale structure is compensated by a mild external pressure of only 0.7 GPa, resulting in structural features resembling those of pure NBT at ambient conditions.
Chloroplast genomes of Eriobotrya elliptica and an unknown wild loquat “YN-1”
Authors: Lin Zhicong , Guo Qing , Ma Shiwei , Lin Hailan , Lin Shunquan , Lin Shoukai , Wu Jincheng
Published: August 2024

The chloroplast genomes of wild loquat can help to determine their place in the history of evolution. Here, we sequenced and assembled two novel wild loquat’s chloroplast genomes, one is Eriobotrya elliptica, and the other is an unidentified wild loquat, which we named “YN-1”. Their sizes are 159,471 bp and 159,399 bp, respectively. We also assembled a cultivated loquat named ‘JFZ’, its chloroplast genome size is 159,156 bp. A comparative study was conducted with six distinct species of loquats, including five wild loquats and one cultivated loquat. The results showed that both E. elliptica and “YN-1” have 127 genes, one gene more than E. fragrans, which is psbK. Regions trnF-GAA-ndhJ, petG-trnP-UGG, and rpl32-trnL-UAG were found to exhibit high variability. It was discovered that there was a positive selection on rpl22 and rps12. RNA editing analysis found several chilling stress-specific RNA editing sites, especially in rpl2 gene. Phylogenetic analysis results showed that “YN-1” is closely related to E. elliptica, E. obovata and E. henryi.
Hepatic stellate cells in zone 1 engage in capillarization rather than myofibroblast formation in murine liver fibrosis
Authors: Khan Muhammad Ashfaq , Fischer Julian , Harrer Leon , Schwiering Fabian , Groneberg Dieter , Friebe Andreas
Published: August 2024

The combination of lineage tracing and immunohistochemistry has helped to identify subpopulations and fate of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) in murine liver. HSC are sinusoidal pericytes that act as myofibroblast precursors after liver injury. Single cell RNA sequencing approaches have recently helped to differentiate central and portal HSC. A specific Cre line to lineage trace portal HSC has not yet been described. We used three Cre lines (Lrat-Cre, PDGFRβ-CreERT2 and SMMHC-CreERT2) known to label mesenchymal cells including HSC in combination with a tdTomato-expressing reporter. All three Cre lines labeled populations of HSC as well as smooth muscle cells (SMC). Using the SMMHC-CreERT2, we identified a subtype of HSC in the periportal area of the hepatic lobule (termed zone 1-HSC). We lineage traced tdTomato-expressing zone 1-HSC over 1 year, described fibrotic behavior in two fibrosis models and investigated their possible role during fibrosis. This HSC subtype resides in zone 1 under healthy conditions; however, zonation is disrupted in preclinical models of liver fibrosis (CCl4 and MASH). Zone 1-HSC do not transform into αSMA-expressing myofibroblasts. Rather, they participate in sinusoidal capillarization. We describe a novel subtype of HSC restricted to zone 1 under physiological conditions and its possible function after liver injury. In contrast to the accepted notion, this HSC subtype does not transform into αSMA-positive myofibroblasts; rather, zone 1-HSC adopt properties of capillary pericytes, thereby participating in sinusoidal capillarization.
Activity of botulinum neurotoxin X and its structure when shielded by a non-toxic non-hemagglutinin protein
Authors: Martínez-Carranza Markel , Škerlová Jana , Lee Pyung-Gang , Zhang Jie , Krč Ajda , Sirohiwal Abhishek , Burgin Dave , Elliott Mark , Philippe Jules , Donald Sarah , Hornby Fraser , Henriksson Linda , Masuyer Geoffrey , Kaila Ville R. I. , Beard Matthew , Dong Min , Stenmark Pål
Published: August 2024

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are the most potent toxins known and are used to treat an increasing number of medical disorders. All BoNTs are naturally co-expressed with a protective partner protein (NTNH) with which they form a 300 kDa complex, to resist acidic and proteolytic attack from the digestive tract. We have previously identified a new botulinum neurotoxin serotype, BoNT/X, that has unique and therapeutically attractive properties. We present the cryo-EM structure of the BoNT/X-NTNH/X complex and the crystal structure of the isolated NTNH protein. Unexpectedly, the BoNT/X complex is stable and protease-resistant at both neutral and acidic pH and disassembles only in alkaline conditions. Using the stabilizing effect of NTNH, we isolated BoNT/X and showed that it has very low potency both in vitro and in vivo. Given the high catalytic activity and translocation efficacy of BoNT/X, low activity of the full toxin is likely due to the receptor-binding domain, which presents very weak ganglioside binding and exposed hydrophobic surfaces.
Biological effects of a zinc-substituted borosilicate bioactive glass on human bone marrow derived stromal cells in vitro and in a critical-size femoral defect model in rats in vivo
Authors: Saur M. , Kunisch E. , Fiehn L. A. , Arango-Ospina M. , Merle C. , Hagmann S. , Moghaddam A. , Stiller A. , Hupa L. , Renkawitz T. , Kaňková H. , Galusková D. , Boccaccini A. R. , Westhauser F.
Published: August 2024

Biological effects of a zinc-substituted borosilicate bioactive glass on human bone marrow derived stromal cells in vitro and in a critical-size femoral defect model in rats in vivo.
X-ray absorption spectroscopy for lattice-matched and strain-relaxed GaAsPBi epi-layers on GaAs (001) substrates
Authors: Chomdech Saharat , Himwas Chalermchai , Pumee Wenich , Kijamnajsuk Suphakan , Tanthanuch Waraporn , Kanjanachuchai Songphol
Published: August 2024

Fourier transformed synchrotron-based extended X-ray absorption fine structure around the P-K edge for relaxed (left) and lattice-matched (right) GaAsPBi epitaxial layers. Insets show their corresponding surfaces probed by atomic force microscopy.
Designed synthesis of Co(ii) coordination polymers for evaluation of structural transformations
Authors: Lee Chia-Yi , Usman Muhammad , Wang Song-Wei , Thapa Kedar Bahadur , Chen Tsun-Ren , Chen Jhy-Der
Published: August 2024

The structural diversity of 1–5 is dependent on the coordination and/or cocrystallization of solvent molecules and investigations on the structural transformations of 1–4 suggest that 4 can be irreversibly transformed into 3 upon water removal.
Study of restricted diffusion of lithium salts in diglyme confined in mesoporous carbons as a model for cathodes in lithium–air batteries
Authors: Maldonado-Ochoa Santiago A. , Fuentes-Quezada Eduardo , Angarita Ivette , Factorovich Matías H. , Bruno Mariano M. , Acosta Rodolfo H. , Longinotti M. Paula , Vaca Chávez Fabián , de la Llave Ezequiel , Corti Horacio R.
Published: August 2024

The behavior of the confined electrolyte in lithium–air batteries results from the combination of different factors: porosity of the carbon material, salt association constants under confinement, anion solvation and Li+–charge wall interaction
The evolution of photocatalytic H2O2 generation: from pure water to natural systems and beyond
Authors: Tang Yuyang , Wang Wuming , Ran Jiaqi , Peng Cheng , Xu Zuxin , Chu Wenhai
Published: August 2024

Exploring advancements in photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide production, emphasizing technological breakthroughs in pure water, natural water, microdroplets and coupling systems.
Ce-induced NiS bifunctional catalyst transformation: enhancing urea oxidation coupled with hydrogen electrolysis
Authors: Zhang Yingzhen , Zhang Wei , Huang Jianying , Cai Weilong , Lai Yuekun
Published: August 2024

Ce induces the formation of active species NiOOH on the surface of bifunctional NiS catalyst, and the resultant Ce–NiOOH synergistically accelerates the UOR and promotes H2 production from the electrolysis of urea-containing wastewater.
Quantitative analysis of niobium in electropolishing solution by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy using porous silicon
Authors: Matsumoto Ayumu , Toyama Yuta , Shimazu Yusuke , Nii Keisuke , Ida Yoshiaki , Yae Shinji
Published: August 2024

This is the first report that applied LIBS to the analysis of electropolishing solution. Quantitative analysis of Nb dissolved in the solution was demonstrated by using porous silicon as the sample loading substrate.
Novel thermoplastic microvalves based on an elastomeric cyclic olefin copolymer
Authors: Childers Katie , Freed Ian M. , Hupert Mateusz L. , Shaw Benjamin , Larsen Noah , Herring Paul , Norton Jeanne H. , Shiri Farhad , Vun Judy , August Keith J. , Witek Małgorzata A. , Soper Steven A.
Published: August 2024

We introduce cyclic olefin copolymer elastomer as a membrane layer for pneumatically or mechanically actuated microvalves using a simple bonding procedure and demonstrate its utility within a modular system for CLC isolation and immunophenotyping.
Polyethylene glycol-decorated n-type conducting polymers with improved ion accessibility for high-performance organic electrochemical transistors
Authors: Tang Haoran , Liang Yuanying , Yang Chi-Yuan , Luo Xi , Yu Jiangkai , Zhang Kai , Fabiano Simone , Huang Fei
Published: August 2024

Optimized polyethylene glycol decoration of n-type conducting polymer PBFDO enabled well-balanced electron transport and ion accessibility, boosting the performance of organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) and complementary circuits.
Ciprofloxacin as a tryptophan mimic within an antimicrobial peptide
Authors: Connolly John R. F. B. , Fitzgerald-Hughes Deirdre , Maresca Marc , Muldoon Jimmy , Devocelle Marc
Published: August 2024

Combination of peptide conjugation and peptide mimetic techniques produces a selective antibacterial molecule from two broad spectrum antimicrobials.
Efficient removal of tetracycline hydrochloride over a Co-doped metal–organic framework MIL-125(Ti) derivate via Fenton-like catalysis
Authors: Yang Yiqiong , Fang Caihong , Chen Heng , Chen Xingru , Li Xueling , Nie Longhui
Published: August 2024

A Co-doped Ti-MOF-derived Fenton-like catalyst (Co–Ti-400) was fabricated and exhibited enhanced catalytic activity (96.2% of TCH removal in 60 min at pH = 4) and stability than uncalcined Co–Ti in a wide pH range.
A 2D low-buckled hexagonal honeycomb Weyl-point spin-gapless semiconductor family with the quantum anomalous Hall effect
Authors: Zhang Weihua , Ding Shoubing , Zhang Jie , Cheng Zhenxiang , Wu Zhimin
Published: August 2024

The Li12X10Cr2Y12 (X = Mg, Zn, Cd; Y = P, As) monolayers are ideal 2D Weyl-point spin-gapless semiconductors (WPSGSs) with the quantum anomalous Hall effect.
Molecular dipole regulated pyrene-based polymers for highly efficient natural-light-driven photocatalytic disinfection
Authors: Li Xiaohuan , Wang Xin , Guo Haiyong , Zhu Enwei , Liu Chunbo
Published: August 2024

Two pyrene conjugated polymers were synthesized by a Stille coupling reaction. PTO-TVT with tetrapyrene ketone groups inactivates 7-log of MRSA within 3.5 h under natural light irradiation due to its larger molecular dipole moment.
Paired electrolysis enables weak Brønsted base-promoted amination of arenes with N,N-dialkyl formamides as the amine source
Authors: Ye Xiao-Xia , Liu Min , Wang Shi-Yan , Zheng Jin-Ming , Li Yi-Fei , Yan Meng-Xiao , Hu Xiao-Dong , Luo Yan-Shu , Zeng You-Yun , Cai Yun-Rui , Li Ren-Hao
Published: August 2024

A paired electrolysis enabled amination of arenes using N,N-dialkyl formamides as the amine source for the synthesis of arylamines without the need for chemical oxidants, metal catalysts or high temperatures is reported.
Crystallization of smooth amorphous calcium phosphate microspheres to core–shell hydroxyapatite microspheres
Authors: Qi Mei-li , Long Zhaoxuan , Liu Xiao-Cun , Zhang Haijun , Li Jin , Yao Shengkun
Published: August 2024

Porous hydroxyapatite HA microspheres with a core–shell structure are crystallized via dissolution and re-crystallization of smooth amorphous calcium phosphate microspheres.
Water-soluble Schiff base ligands and metal complexes: an overview considering green solvent
Authors: Islam Md. Tariqul , Bitu Nur Amin , Chaki Bijan Mohon , Hossain Md. Jakir , Asraf Md. Ali , Hossen Md. Faruk , Kudrat-E-Zahan Md. , Latif Md. Abdul
Published: August 2024

The water-soluble metal complexes with Schiff base (SB) ligands are of great interest to green chemistry researchers due to their stability, cost-effectiveness, eco-friendly, electron-donating ability, and various applications.
Synthesis of nano-SiO2@PTPEG–VPA copolymer and its effects on early-age cement hydration
Authors: Dong Lei , Shu Xin , Ran Qianping
Published: August 2024

Heat flows of cement hydration with the addition of 0.8 wt% pristine NS and NS@PTPEG–VPA, and corresponding schematic illustration of the seeding effects jointly determined by agglomeration degree and pozzolanic reactivity of NS@PTPEG–VPA.
Effect of surface modification on silica supported Ti catalysts for cyclohexene oxidation with vapor-phase hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Ahn Sol , Friedman Sarah K. , Notestein Justin M.
Published: August 2024

A methodology of modifying surface properties of a Lewis acid catalyst for cyclohexene oxidation with vapor-phase H2O2.
A comprehensive review on sustainable surfactants from CNSL: chemistry, key applications and research perspectives
Authors: Veeramanoharan Ashokkumar , Kim Seok-Chan
Published: August 2024

Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) is the preferable choice for industrial scenarios to meet their goals of sustainability. The unique structural properties of CNSL is the key to developing eco-friendly surfactants.
Agile soft template array fabrication of one-dimensional (1D) polyaniline nanocomposite fibers for hydrogen storage
Authors: Parveen Ameena , Manjunatha S. , Kumar M. Madesh , Roy Aashis S.
Published: August 2024

The hydrogen adsorption capacity of polyaniline fibres is about 4.5 wt%, and 3 wt% PANI-Zn/V2O5 nanocomposite shows a high absorption capacity of 6.6 wt% compared with other compositions.
Molecular insight into oil displacement by CO2 flooding in water-cut dead-end nanopores
Authors: Lu Pengfei , Yan Zichen , Lai Jiawen , Wang Keke
Published: August 2024

The oil recovery-time relationship can be quantified by a compressed exponential function, despite the water-blocking stage. The oil displacement process in water-cut nanopores can be segmented into four distinct stages.
Enhancing structural control in covalent organic frameworks through steric interaction-driven linker design
Authors: Winter Alena , Hamdi Farzad , Eichhöfer Andreas , Saalwächter Kay , Kastritis Panagiotis L. , Haase Frederik
Published: August 2024

Using a linker with bulky functional groups encourages kagome formation, while blocking square-lattice network formation in Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs).
A compact chemically driven [2]catenane rotary motor operated through alternate pumping and discharging
Authors: Li Anquan , Du Zhenglin , Zhang Shilong , Xie Jialin , Li Xia , Chen Qing , Tang Yisong , Chen Jiawen , Zhu Kelong
Published: August 2024

A compact chemically driven [2]catenane rotary motor was designed for precise 360° unidirectional rotation utilizing a molecular pumping system. It operates in two phases: pumping induces a 180° rotation and discharging resets the motor.
Thermo-responsive emission induced by different delocalized excited-states in isomorphous Pd(ii) and Pt(ii) one-dimensional chains
Authors: Saito Tomoya , Yoshida Masaki , Segawa Kaito , Saito Daisuke , Takayama Junichi , Hiura Satoshi , Murayama Akihiro , Lakshan Nishshanka M. , Sameera W. M. C. , Kobayashi Atsushi , Kato Masako
Published: August 2024

The emissions of isomorphous Pt(ii) and Pd(ii) one-dimensional chains exhibited distinct thermal responses, revealing the limiting factor for extending the excited-state delocalization across multiple molecules through metallophilic interactions.
Wearable electrochemical bioelectronics for agriculture
Authors: Xue Bing , Su Xiaoqian , Li Le , Lew Tedrick Thomas Salim , Wu Changsheng
Published: August 2024

Recent advances in wearable electrochemical bioelectronics offer promising solutions for sensitive, real-time detection of biomarkers in agriculture.
Condensation heat transfer enhancement through durable, self-propelling fluorine-free silane-treated anodized surfaces
Authors: Mahlouji Taheri Mahmoud , Rezaee Behzad , Pakzad Hossein , Moosavi Ali
Published: August 2024

When two or more adjacent droplets coalesce, excess surface energy is generated, which can be converted into the kinetic energy of the merged droplet through a suitable nanostructure and the superhydrophobicity of the surface.
Nucleator induced highly oriented crystalline structure of poly(lactic acid) fiber enables superior intrinsic piezoelectric and antibacterial effect
Authors: He Wenjun , Yan Chenglong , Zhao Xiaowen , Zhang Yuanchun , Ye Lin
Published: August 2024

Incorporating HNA prompted PLA fiber/fabric to form a highly oriented crystalline structure, exhibiting an excellent intrinsic piezoelectric–antibacterial effect with >99% inhibition rate.
Quantitatively analyzing the dissociation and release of disulfide-containing organic nanoparticles
Authors: Lin Wenhai , Yin Lei , Wang Xin , Li Chaonan , Zhang Wei , Pei Qing , Qi Huixuan , Sun Tingting , Xie Zhigang , Gu Jingkai
Published: August 2024

The disintegration and release of disulfide-containing organic nanoparticles were measured by using liquid chromatograph tandem mass spectrometry and fluorescence imaging, which accurately monitored the biological fate of nanoparticles.
Nanoparticles constructed from natural polyphenols are used in acute kidney injury
Authors: Liu Xiaohua , Guo Yike , Pan Jiangpeng , Wu Tingting , Zhao Bing , Wei Shuyi , Jiang Wei , Liu Ying
Published: August 2024

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe clinical syndrome characterized by rapid deterioration of renal function caused by a variety of pathogeneses.
Growth mechanism of oleylammonium-based tin and lead bromide perovskite nanostructures
Authors: Gahlot Kushagra , Kraft Julia N. , Pérez-Escribano Manuel , Koushki Razieh M. , Ahmadi Majid , Ortí Enrique , Kooi Bart J. , Portale Giuseppe , Calbo Joaquín , Protesescu Loredana
Published: August 2024

Our experimental and theoretical studies have inferred that tin bromide is more susceptible to form higher order 2D Ruddlesden-Popper or 3D perovskite nanostructures than lead bromide.
Satellite cell dynamics during skeletal muscle hypertrophy
Authors: Saliu Tolulope P. , Goh Jensen , Kang Gyumin , Burke Benjamin I. , Ismaeel Ahmed , McCarthy John J.
Published: August 2024

Skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs) display distinct behavior crucial for tissue maintenance and repair. Upon activation, MuSCs exhibit distinct modes of division: symmetric division, facilitating either self-renewal or differentiation, and asymmetric division, which dictates divergent cellular fates. This review explores the nuanced dynamics of MuSC division and the molecular mechanisms governing this behavior. Furthermore, it introduces a novel phenomenon observed in a subset of MuSCs under hypertrophic stimuli termed division-independent differentiation. Insights into the underlying mechanisms driving this process are discussed, alongside its broader implications for muscle physiology.
Research and Application of Firewall Log and Intrusion Detection Log Data Visualization System
Authors: Mingze Ma
Published: August 2024

This paper tackles current challenges in network security analysis by proposing an innovative information gain‐based feature selection algorithm and leveraging visualization techniques to develop a network security log data visualization system. The system’s key functions include raw data collection for firewall logs and intrusion detection logs, data preprocessing, database management, data manipulation, data logic processing, and data visualization. Through statistical analysis of log data and the construction of visualization models, the system presents analysis results in diverse graphical formats while offering interactive capabilities. Seamlessly integrating data generation, processing, analysis, and display processes, the system demonstrates high accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and real‐time performance metrics, reaching 98.3%, 92.1%, 97.5%, 98.1%, and 91.2%, respectively, in experimental evaluations. The proposed method significantly enhances real‐time prediction capabilities of network security status and monitoring efficiency of network devices, providing a robust security assurance tool.
Data‐driven Buck converter model identification method with missing outputs
Authors: Hou Jie , Zhang Xinhua , Wang Huiming , Wang Shiwei
Published: August 2024

A data‐driven Buck converter model identification method is proposed to deal with missing (incomplete) outputs, which is robust to the data length and percentage of missing data. A nuclear norm based convex optimization problem instead of linear interpolation, to guarantee the recovered missing data satisfying the potential model structured low‐rank character, is constructed to estimate missing outputs. The alternating direction method of multiplier strategy is used to solve the nuclear norm based convex optimization problem. In this way, the high‐quality missing data can be estimated, even for short data length and high percentage of missing data. Based on the recovered data, the subspace identification method provides accurate estimates of the structure and parameter of the Buck converter synchronously. By applying the proposed method to a Buck converter, experimental results demonstrate its effectiveness.
Political shifts toward family farming and agroecology in Japan? The impact of United Nations campaigns
Authors: Sekine Kae
Published: August 2024

In recent decades, several United Nations (UN) organizations have made efforts to change global agri-food policies from a model promoting corporate industrial farming to one advocating agroecological family farming. This shift has garnered support from some of the UN’s most active member countries, farmer organizations, civil society, and academia. However, not all UN member countries have adopted agroecological family farming homogeneously or simultaneously. Many nations and transnational corporations have sought to counter these campaigns to further their own interests, as was evident at the UN Food System Summit held in 2021. By focusing on the case of Japan, the fourth largest economy in the world with over one million farms, and employing a political economy approach, this study analyzes the impact of the UN’s campaigns on family farming and agroecology on agri-food policies, stakeholders’ behaviors, and discourses in the country. It also examines the measures taken by the Japanese government to curb these campaigns, in favor of preserving conventional models both domestically and internationally. Our analysis is based on literature, public documents, statistics, and participant observations conducted from 2014 to 2023. The findings reveal that, despite the majority of Japanese farms being family farms, the government has promoted corporate farming and highly mechanized operations with new technologies. However, the launch of the UN Decade of Family Farming in 2019 has gradually gained recognition and influenced discourses and behaviors among stakeholders. Simultaneously, the government’s new agri-food policies and its active role in shaping the summit and international rulemaking have impacted these international campaigns.
Financial Enlightenment of the Entrepreneurship Dark Side from the Experience in Spain
Authors: Casanueva Carlos , Senra Arístides
Published: August 2024

This paper aims to provide financial enlightenment of what we define as the dark side of entrepreneurship. Our ideas come mainly from our experience with start-ups at Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) in Spain since 2004. The main conclusion is the development of entrepreneurial skills among the young entrepreneurs but also, we perceived the existence of a dark side of entrepreneurship associated with the risk/return equation that it seems not to be fair.
The Story of CERIT Science Park in 10 Years and 7 Cases
Authors: Pitner Tomáš
Published: August 2024

This paper provides a glimpse into the realm of CERIT’s (CEnter for Research and education in IT) service-oriented startups across diverse sectors, highlighting their impact on media, sports, energy, manufacturing, maintenance, chips design, and cybersecurity and defense while showing the evolution as part of the global movements. Each case can serve as lessons learnt and inspiration for evolution of future Science Park(s) services, or even to shape the future of Service Science discipline on its own.
Lymphangiectasie intestinale chez le chien :
étude rétrospective sur 19 chiens
Authors: Bussière Evelyne , Hugonnard Marine
Published: August 2024

La lymphangiectasie intestinale est une affection connue chez le chien caractérisée par une dilatation des chylifères et une fuite de lymphe riche en protéines dans la lumière du tube digestif.
Au delà d’une certaine intensité lésionnelle, elle génère une entéropathie exsudative (EE) ou entéropathie avec perte de protéines.
L’objectif de l’étude rapportée dans cet article est de décrire le profil épidé-miologique, les données anamnestiques, cliniques, biologiques et de l’imagerie médicale ainsi que l’évolution clinique de 19 chiens atteints d’EE avec un degré variable de lymphangiectasie intestinale.
Les données de trois groupes de chiens (lymphangiectasie prédominante -LY-, inflammation prédominante -INF-, lymphangiectasie et inflammation d’intensité équivalente –LY/INF-) ont été comparées.
Les chiens avec lymphangiectasie prédominante sont plus jeunes (4,6+/-1,9 ans) que ceux des groupes INF et LY/INF (6,7+/-1,5 ans et 6,3+/-3 ans respectivement).
La diarrhée n’est pas systématique (4/7 chiens) dans le groupe LY alors qu’elle estprésente chez 6/7 chiens du groupe INF et 5/5 du groupe LY-INF. L’hypoprotéinémie et l’hypoalbuminémie sont moins marquées dans le groupe LY que dans le groupe INF mais le pronostic en termes de pourcentage de rémission des signes cliniques et de durée de survie est moins bon.
Conduite à tenir face à une diarrhée aiguë
chez le chien et le chat
Authors: Dahan Julien
Published: August 2024

La diarrhée aiguë chez les animaux de compagnie est un événement dont la prise en charge varie en fonction du diagnostic et des répercussions cliniques.
Dans la plupart des cas, un traitement symptomatique permet une résolution rapide des symptômes.
Il est important de reconnaître les cas où une prise en charge plus agressive est nécessaire.
En cas de déshydratation importante, de répercussion sur l’état général ou de risque de sepsis, une hospitalisation pour prise en charge thérapeutique et diagnostique est nécessaire. La réhydratation est fondamentale.
En plus des examens complémentaires applicables à tous les cas (examen de selles, examen biochimique de base), certains examens supplémentaires permettent de détecter les causes plus graves (recherche de parvovirose ou autre maladie infectieuse, examen hématologique, ionogramme, examen d’imagerie, ...).
La mise en évidence d’une cause permet un traitement spécifique.
L’antibiothérapie n’est pas systématique et doit être motivée par la suspicion d’un sepsis, une neutropénie, ou l’absence de réponse au traitement symptomatique lors d’entérite septique.