bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy Utilization and Production Assessment in a Cement Industry
Authors: Gebru Tsegay , Kalamegam Millerjothi Narayanan , Mohan Raj Nagarajan , Seenivasan Soundararajan
Published: January 2024

Cement industries are one of the fastest-growing economic sectors in developing nations like Ethiopia. It provides direct and indirect employment opportunities to a huge number of persons and contributes a major part to the nation’s gross domestic product. Thus, the main objective of this study was to analyze the usage of power consumption and rate of production in the particular cement industry. For this purpose, a comprehensive study was conducted in the Messebo cement factory in northern Ethiopia, one of Ethiopia’s key industries, which has unlimitedly contributed to Ethiopian economic development. It was achieved through primary and secondary data from the Messebo cement factory for the last seven years and compared with an actual and designed production rate and power consumption usage value. Besides money lost, profit and efficiency were analyzed based on the values of excess power used and production rate. From the results, the average usage of actual power and rated power has been observed to be 40.43 million kWh per year and 27.72 million kWh per year, respectively. In an average of seven years, the money lost due to excess power consumption and reduced production was estimated at roughly 4.4 million birr per year and 15 million birr per year, respectively.
Nonlinear Responses and Optical Limitation of Copper Nanoparticles by Z-scan Method
Authors: Eslamifar Mina , Eghbali Mohammad
Published: January 2024

Recently, copper particles in nano dimensions have been gaining attention because they have advanced features and potential applications in various fields. This work studies the nonlinear optical performance of copper nanoparticles. We utilized laser ablation to create copper nanoparticles. In this technique, a piece of copper in distilled water is irradiated using the laser beam. Laser ablation was done for 30 min. The optical nonlinearities are measured by means of the Z-scan technology. The open-aperture Z-scan experiments showed that Cu nanoparticles have strong nonlinear absorption. Through a closed aperture Z-scan experiment, we could analyze the nonlinear refraction of sample. We analyze the optical limiting effect of copper nanoparticles. A theoretical model is presented and shows that at high laser light intensity, nonlinear light scattering occurs. By analyzing the experimental data with the presented model, the values of optical nonlinearities of copper particles were found to be n2=0.8×10-19m2w-1 and γ=1.46×10-13m/W, respectively. Our work confirmed that Cu nanoparticles show outstanding nonlinear optical features, which can cause the development of nonlinear optics.
 
Received: 8 September 2023 | Revised: 2 January 2024 | Accepted: 3 January 2024
 
Conflicts of InterestThe authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
Auto Adjusting Screen According to Eye Vision Power by using Android App
Authors: Gawade C. N.  , Durgude T. S.  , Kakade G. D.  , Prof. Bhosale S. B.  , Prof. Bangar A. P.
Published: January 2024

In this era the technology is increase in many way and the use of digital gadget increase it definitely causes power related problem to the eyes. Vision power related problems are common in all age group. Student employee, each and every digital screen user are facing the critical eye issue due to continuously use of digital screen. They are not aware about the issues what they are facing through. The spectacles are sometimes are not effective over increase or decrease in vision power. Myopia (farsightedness) and Hypermetropia (nearsightedness) common among the people who are the victims of harmful rays radiating digital display. Hence detection of vision power and adjusting of screen according to vision power would reduce the problems
The Role of Female Hormones in Migraine: A Literature Review
Authors: Araújo Marisa Bezerra de , Nogueira Guilherme Nobre , Bezerra Isabella Campos , Passos Pedro Robson Costa , Santos Raquel Capistrano dos , Moreira Alexandre Pedrosa Oliveira , Saraiva Gustavo Paes de Andrade , Almeida Miguel Vieira de , Neto Antônio Alves Sobreira , Cavalcante Gabriel Macedo , Soares Tito Bastos Siqueira , Santos Ana Luiza Souza , Aragão Gislei Frota
Published: January 2024

Full abstract in PDF.
Analysis of the Epidemiological Profile of Patients Diagnosed With Migraine Treated at the Physiotherapy School Clinic
Authors: Brito Pedro Serra Galdino Farias de , Falcão Stephanie Bezerra Muniz , Nascimento Kinbelly Soares , Jasset Karla Kelly Henrique , Orlandi Daniela Bianchini , Júnior José Lima Silva , Santos Liriel Thaís Dantas dos , Alcântara Maria Karolaine Bráz , Damasceno Eric dos Santos , Oliveira Ellenicy Barbosa , Oliveira Kamilly Soares de , Cavalcanti Bianka Lídia Escorel Barros , Soares Renata de Souza Coelho , Ribeiro Ana Isabella Arruda Meira , Galdino Gilma Serra
Published: January 2024

Full abstract in PDF.
Conhecimento dos estudantes finalistas dos cursos de enfermagem, fisioterapia, medicina e terapia ocupacional sobre afasia
Authors: Moreira Inês , Patrício Brígida , Silva Fátima
Published: January 2024

Introdução: A afasia pode interferir com a capacidade de comunicar da pessoa, impactando negativamente na sua qualidade de vida (Patrício, 2015). Interlocutores preparados para comunicar com pessoas com dificuldades comunicativas podem ser um facilitador, nomeadamente profissionais de saúde que intervêm no processo de reabilitação (Hallowell, 2017). Existem poucos estudos que abordam o conhecimento que estes profissionais e os estudantes da área da saúde apresentam sobre afasia. Objetivos: Caraterizar o conhecimento sobre afasia; identificar as fontes de conhecimento, as estratégias comunicativas utilizadas e consideradas importante utilizar no contacto com a pessoa com afasia; descrever a relação entre o género e a área de formação no conhecimento sobre afasia e nas estratégias comunicativas utilizadas pelos estudantes finalistas dos cursos de enfermagem, fisioterapia, medicina e terapia ocupacional. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo descritivo-correlacional e quantitativo, de metodologia observacional e transversal. Integra uma amostra de 209 estudantes finalistas dos cursos de enfermagem, fisioterapia, medicina e terapia ocupacional. A recolha de dados efetuou-se através de um questionário de autoadministração, divulgado online. Posteriormente, analisaram-se as frequências, médias das respostas e, adicionalmente, os resultados do teste qui-quadrado de Pearson e do teste de Fisher. Resultados: A maioria dos participantes (98,1%) ouviu falar sobre afasia. Em geral, apresentam bom conhecimento sobre as características, a causa e as estratégias a utilizar perante esta perturbação, mas têm menor conhecimento acerca dos tipos de afasia existentes. Os alunos de medicina são os que têm mais conhecimento sobre as pessoas com afasia apresentarem dificuldades de compreensão e sobre o facto de não se tratar de uma perturbação da deglutição. Os estudantes de terapia ocupacional são os que têm mais conhecimento sobre a etiologia da afasia e os de medicina sobre os tipos de afasia existentes. Relativamente às estratégias, os estudantes de enfermagem são os que apresentam mais conhecimento sobre quais utilizar. Conclusão: Os estudantes finalistas revelam ter conhecimento sobre afasia, parecendo ser ainda pertinente reforçar o conhecimento referente aos tipos de afasia existentes. Apesar dos bons resultados, para que o processo comunicativo seja eficaz e os estudantes consigam prestar serviços de maior qualidade, poderá ser benéfico treinar o uso de estratégias comunicativas.
Adesão em dentes hipomineralizados: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Kleinsorgen Françoise , Caetano Luís , Torres Orlanda
Published: January 2024

Introdução: Os defeitos do esmalte dentário são um achado prevalente na dentição decídua e permanente. Um dos principais desafios no tratamento da Hipomineralização Incisivo-Molar (MIH) é a adesão de materiais restauradores aos dentes afetados. É fundamental conhecer o quanto a MIH afeta esta adesão prevendo um selamento adequado que evite as microinfiltrações. Determinar a resistência de união dos sistemas adesivos aos substratos de dentes afetados com MIH, é de suma importância para a obtenção de um bom resultado clínico. Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo é realizar uma revisão sistemática sobre a adesão em dentes afetados com MIH, de modo a identificar o melhor protocolo que otimize esta adesão. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa na literatura nas bases de dados Pub MED, Biblioteca Cochrane e Science Direct dos últimos dez anos, sobre a adesão em dentes afetados com MIH, utilizando a combinação dos seguintes descritores: Hipomineralização Molar-Incisivo; Adesivo Dentário; Hipoclorito de sódio; Desproteinização; Restauração Resina Composta. A pesquisa realizada identificou 343 artigos, dos quais 23 foram considerados relevantes para este estudo. Resultados: A literatura descreve ao menos 4 protocolos que visam melhorara a adesão em dentes hipomineralizados. Destes 4 protocolos, 2 mostram-se eficientes em quase 50% dos casos. Sendo que o protocolo restaurador para MIH depende do grau de severidade do esmalte afetado. Conclusões: Conclui-se que a ligação ao esmalte hipomineralizado é um fator limitante à adesão. Uma desproteinização do esmalte com NaOCl a 5% ou com Papaína, antes do adesivo, pode melhorar o desempenho da adesão em esmalte hipomineralizado e a resistência da união.
Modelos de cuidados liderados por enfermeiros em ambiente hospitalar: uma scoping review
Authors: Sanguedo Sónia , Dias Ana Rita , Peixoto Nuno , Peixoto Tiago , Marques Patrícia
Published: January 2024

Introdução: Os modelos de prestação de cuidados de saúde europeus centram-se nas especialidades médicas ou são orientados para a doença, comprometendo a implementação dos cuidados centrados no paciente (Gonçalves et al.,2021). Recentemente, modelos de cuidados liderados por enfermeiros têm-se revelado benéficos para solucionar a fragmentação dos cuidados (Davis, et al.,2019). Estes modelos, abrangentes e suportados por práticas especializadas, visam melhorar o acesso aos cuidados e otimizar a experiência do utente (ANMJ,2020). Objetivos: O objetivo da investigação foi mapear os modelos de cuidados liderados por enfermeiros em ambiente hospitalar. Procurou-se ainda conhecer a satisfação dos utentes e os benefícios da utilização destes modelos de cuidados para a gestão das instituições. Material e Métodos: Foi conduzida uma Scoping Review (JBI,2015). Utilizou-se o diagrama PRISMA para seleção dos artigos. A pesquisa foi realizada na EBSCOhost em três bases de dados: CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE Complete, MedicLatina. A frase booleana foi “(nurse-led model* OR nurse led model*) AND (patient satisfaction OR quality of care)”. Limitou-se a pesquisa aos últimos cinco anos (2017-2022). Questão de investigação PCC: O que se sabe sobre os modelos de cuidados liderados por enfermeiros utilizados em ambiente hospitalar? Resultados: A revisão incluiu cinco artigos (127 encontrados). Os modelos hospitalares liderados por enfermeiros abordam a prevenção de violência no local de trabalho associada aos distúrbios comportamentais dos utentes (E2), minimização do tempo de espera e permanência nos serviços de urgência (E1;E3) e de internamento (E4;E5), mas também otimização de competências profissionais (E1;E3). Globalmente, verifica-se aumento da satisfação dos utentes, (de 75.8% para 78.67% e de 74% para 81,3%) com a aplicação do modelo em dois serviços (E4). Os dados reforçam a segurança dos cuidados (E1), a satisfação profissional (E2), a segurança no ambiente de trabalho (E2) e a economia de recursos (E1;E5). Conclusões: Esta revisão permitiu compreender a satisfação dos utentes com um tipo de modelo de organização dos cuidados de saúde. Os modelos liderados por enfermeiros têm ganho relevância em contextos hospitalares e têm otimizado o conceito de cuidados centrados no paciente. Os resultados confirmam que estes modelos podem apoiar os gestores hospitalares a rentabilizar recursos e otimizar funções profissionais, com aumento da satisfação para o cliente e organizações.
Die Lithium-Ionen-Technplogie ist auch für KMU interessant
Authors:   Thomas Bach,   Winfried Bauer
Published: January 2024

Eine der Antriebstechnologien für Flurförderzeuge ist die Lithium-IonenTechnologie (Li-Ion), die sich im Laufe der vergangenen Jahre als eine effiziente und zuverlässige Energiespeicherlösung erwiesen hat. Thomas Bach, R&D Manager der Clark Europe GmbH in Duisburg, gewährt Einblicke in die Produktstrategie des Flurförderzeugherstellers auf dem Gebiet der Li-Ion-Technologie.
Sistema web de gestión de pedidos para distribuidora del rubro farmacéutico que adopta Cross Docking
Authors: Arimana-Pinto Carlos Jean Pierre , Huamani-Maldonado María del Pilar , Pacheco-Pumaleque Alex Abelardo
Published: January 2024

La gestión de pedidos es un proceso fundamental en las actividades logísticas y de distribución. A lo largo de los años, este proceso ha evolucionado significativamente, surgiendo diversas estrategias que buscan su eficiencia, entre ellas, Cross Docking. Sin embargo, en la era digital actual, se requiere de tecnología que permita lograr su optimización. En ese sentido, se buscó mejorar el proceso de gestión de pedidos de una empresa que aplica la técnica Cross Docking, a través del uso de un sistema web; por el cual, se realizó un estudio de naturaleza cuantitativa, de tipo aplicada y diseño pre experimental. Asimismo, se consideró una población de 30 registros de pedidos, empleando el fichaje y la ficha de registro para la recolección de los datos y el uso de SPSS para el análisis de los mismos. Entre los resultados, el primer indicador tasa de cumplimiento de pedidos completos aumentó significativamente de 59,03% a 94,63% (35,60%) y el segundo indicador tasa de pedidos entregados a tiempo incrementó positivamente de 78,47% a 97,27% (18,80%). Por lo tanto, el sistema web ha logrado incrementar el cumplimiento de pedidos de la empresa, reflejando una mejora de la gestión de pedidos.
The Smile of Misery
Authors: AL-Akl Khouri Loulou
Published: January 2024

I looked at my favorite chocolate and offered it.  Lifetime hardwork was swallowed by usurpers, seeds have volatile prices, meat is out of question. Lebanese are jobless, but Syrians are subsidised.  Water is scarce,and some go to the spring to fill reservoirs if fule there is, and schools need fresh money.  Yet, few worry about finding "foi gras", but others sleep early to avoid dinner.  Winter freezes us. Torn clothes and worn shoes are burned for warmth.  When hunger creeps, luxury becones meaningless.
One Could Not Have Survived Communism Without a Grandmother
Authors: Mihalache Irina
Published: January 2024

This reflection centers on the author’s grandmother’s cookbook as a catalyst for interrogating the incomplete memories of growing up in Romania in the 1980s during the ‘golden decade’ of Communism. During these times, oppressive policies restricted people’s access to food and punished those who tried to eat outside the scope of the regime. Yet, through my grandmother’s cooking of dishes such as sauteed stinging nettles, which is the focus of this reflection, my memories of that decade are of delicious, tasty, and nutritious meals, the best she ever ate. The reflection asks difficult questions around pleasure during oppressive times, as well as about the impossibility of recreating such a dish outside of its own history.
INNOVATIVE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN CONTEMPORARY ORGANIZATIONS: A REVIEW: ANALYZING THE EVOLUTION AND IMPACT OF MODERN MANAGEMENT PRACTICES, WITH AN EMPHASIS ON LEADERSHIP, ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE, AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Omamode Henry Orieno  , Chioma Ann Udeh  , Osato Itohan Oriekhoe  , Beryl Odonkor  , Ndubuisi Leonard Ndubuisi
Published: January 2024

This scholarly paper delves into the evolving landscape of innovative management strategies in contemporary organizations, focusing on the pivotal roles of leadership, organizational culture, and change management. The study's background is rooted in the dynamic interplay between these elements, which are crucial in shaping the modern business environment. The aim of the paper is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the evolution and impact of modern management practices, with a particular emphasis on how leadership styles, organizational culture, and change management strategies contribute to organizational success. The scope of the paper encompasses a detailed examination of these aspects, integrating insights from various industries and global contexts to offer a balanced perspective. The methodology employed in the study involves a systematic approach to literature synthesis, utilizing qualitative analysis frameworks to gather and interpret data from peer-reviewed articles, books, and case studies. This approach ensures a thorough understanding of the complexities and nuances of contemporary management strategies. The main findings reveal that effective leadership is increasingly characterized by adaptability, vision, and ethical decision-making. Organizational culture emerges as a critical driver of innovation and continuous improvement, while effective change management is identified as essential for navigating organizational transformations. The study also highlights the growing significance of technology in shaping management strategies, emphasizing its role in driving efficiency, innovation, and competitiveness. In conclusion, the paper recommends that modern organizations embrace dynamic, integrated, and technology-driven management approaches. It underscores the importance of fostering inclusive and collaborative cultures, leveraging technology for innovation, and implementing ethical and sustainable management practices. The study contributes valuable insights for practitioners and scholars, offering guidance for navigating the complexities of the modern business landscape.

Keywords: Innovative Management, Leadership Styles, Organizational Culture, Change Management, Technology in Management, Contemporary Organizations.
Hubungan Religiusitas Dengan Forgiveness Pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Medan Area
Authors: Darmayanti Eka , Siregar Nurmaidah Irawani , Hasmayni Babby , Aziz Azhar
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan anatara religiusitas dengan forgiveness pada mahasiswa fakultas psikologi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Deskriptif Kuantitatif.Metode pengumpulan data yg digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah skala likert yaitu skala yang digunakan untuk mengukur sikap,pendapat,dan persepsi seseorang atau sekelompok orang tentang fenomena sosial.Dengan skala likert,maka variabel yang akan diukur dijabarkan menjadi indikator variabel.Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 55 Responden mahasisawa fakultas psikologi kelas reguler A.Teknik pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik simple random sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik analisis data uji kolerasi person product moment. metode deskriptif. Dari hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa masih terdapat 66,4% dari faktor lain dari forgiveness yang dijelaskan dalam penelitian dan tidak terlihat penelitian ini. Bahwa mahasiswa memliki religiusitas yang tergolong religiusitas berada di kategori rendah dengan mean emperik = 10,61 mean hipotetik = 65 dimana selisi kedua mean melebihi bilangan SD = 10,61 dan forgiveness pada tergolong rendah mean empirik 9,98 mean hipotetik = 55 dimana selisih kedua mean melebihi bilangan 9,98 . Berdasarkan hasil ini, maka hipotesis yang telah diajukan dalam penelitian ini dinyatakan diterima.
Kemampuan Menggunakan Kosakata Baku dalam Teks Deskripsi Siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri Paya Rambe Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang
Authors: Zayyana Nasywa Haura , Idham Muhammad , Mislinawati Mislinawati
Published: January 2024

Adanya kemiripan antara bahasa Indonesia dengan bahasa Melayu yang digunakan oleh siswa setiap harinya membuat siswa keliru dalam memilih kosakata yang tepat dalam teks deskripsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan menggunakan kosakata baku dalam teks deskripsi siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Paya Rambe Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitiannya deskriptif. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 28 orang siswa. Instrumen penelitiannya adalah lembar tes teks deskripsi. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini adalah tes. Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemampuan siswa dalam menggunakan kosakata baku pada teks deskripsi berbeda-beda. Hal ini dibuktikan dari hasil tes sebanyak 4% memiliki kemampuan sangat rendah, 18% kemampuan rendah, 36% kemampuan cukup, 21% kemampuan tinggi, dan 21% kemampuan sangat tinggi. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah kemampuan rata-rata siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Paya Rambe Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang dalam menggunakan kosakata baku pada teks deskripsi yaitu 63,71 yang termasuk ke dalam kategori tingkat kemampuan tinggi.
INTERFACES DO PREJUÍZO PSÍQUICO E A ARTE DE UMA PACIENTE COM TRANSTORNO BIPOLAR: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Alcantara Diego Gardenal , Polesi Ludmila Marin , Marim Juliana , Paulin Luiz Fernando Ribeiro da Silva
Published: January 2024

Introdução: O transtorno bipolar (TB) apresenta prevalência de 1 a 2%. Pode trazer repercussões cognitivas, sociais e afetivas importantes, principalmente na ausência de tratamento. Objetivo: Descrever a evolução da doença e os prejuízos decorrentes do TB por meio da avaliação psíquica e da produção artística.  Método: Estudo observacional descritivo e longitudinal do prontuário e da produção artística de uma paciente com transtorno bipolar durante o período de 23 anos, realizado no Hospital Universitário São Francisco, em Bragança Paulista, São Paulo.  Resultado: A expressão artística foi capaz de melhorar a qualidade de vida e reduzir sintomas de ansiedade e depressão na paciente com transtorno bipolar. E auxiliar na avaliação longitudinal da paciente.  Conclusão: Destaca-se a importância da arte como ferramenta terapêutica complementar no tratamento do TB. Já que pode ser útil para o tratamento complementar de pacientes com transtorno bipolar, auxiliando na adesão ao tratamento farmacológico e na manifestação de emoções de forma mais profunda. A produção artística dos pacientes pode ser usada para avaliar a gravidade dos sintomas e observar a evolução da doença.
Regional validation of the solar irradiance tool SolaRes in clear-sky conditions, with a focus on the aerosol module
Authors: Elias Thierry , Ferlay Nicolas , Chesnoiu Gabriel , Chiapello Isabelle , Moulana Mustapha
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The objective of the paper is to validate SolaRes (Solar Resource estimate) in clear-sky conditions, and to examine the aerosol influence on the differences between observation and estimate. SolaRes has the ambition to fulfil both research and industrial applications exploiting downwelling solar radiation at surface level. Consistently with solar resource applications, we show the capacity of SolaRes to reproduce the angular behaviour of the angular field, by validating not only global horizontal irradiance (GHI), but also direct normal irradiance (DNI), diffuse horizontal irradiance (DifHI), global and diffuse irradiance in tilted plane (GTI, DifTI), and even the circumsolar contributions. Computations are made with the SMART-G radiative transfer code, taking spectral aerosol optical thickness (AOT) data sets as input, which are delivered by the Aerosol Robotic network (AERONET) and the Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service (CAMS). A mixture of two aerosol models is required to compute aerosol optical properties. Measurements for validation are made at two sites in Northern France. Clear-sky is identified by two methods to show its influence: 1) a method reproducing the AOT variability conditions, and 2) a stricter method eliminating some residual cloud influence but also conditions with largest AOT. SolaRes is validated according to comparison scores found in the literature, with the (relative) root mean square difference (RMSD) in GHI as low as 1 %, and the mean bias difference (MBD) which could be 0 %. Angular behaviour is reproduced with satisfying scores. The circumsolar contribution improves MBD in DNI and DifHI, by 1 % and 4 % respectively, as well as RMSD by ~0.5 %. MBD in DNI is around -1 % and RMSD around 2 %, and MBD in DifHI is 2 % and RMSD around 9 %. RMSD and MBD in both DNI and DifHI are larger than in GHI because they are more sensitive to the aerosol and surface properties. DifTI measured in a vertical plane facing South is reproduced with a RMSD of 8 %, similar to DifHI. It is suggested a strong influence of reflection by not only ground surface but also surrounding buildings, increasing the albedo from 0.13 to 0.35. The sensitivity study on the aerosol parameterisation shows that the spectral AOT contains enough information for best quality in DNI retrieval. The choice of aerosol models in the parameterisation has an influence in RMSD smaller than 0.7 %. Complementary information on angular scattering and aerosol absorption has a significant influence in GHI by reducing RMSD by ~0.5 %, and MBD by ~0.8 %. The uncertainty on the data source has a significant influence. The CAMS data set increases the RMSD in DNI by 5 %, but has has less influence in GHI, by increasing RMSD by ~1 % and MBD by ~0.4 %. RMSD in GHI still remains slightly smaller than state-of-the-art methods.
Evaluation of a Partector Pro for atmospheric particle number size distribution and number concentration measurements at an urban background site
Authors: Asbach Christof , Todea Ana Maria , Kaminski Heinz
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Particle number size distributions, total number concentrations and mean particle sizes have been measured for 70 d at an urban background site in Mülheim-Styrum, Germany, with a handheld Partector Pro of the first generation and a TSI mobility particle size spectrometer (MPSS). The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of the Partector Pro against the MPSS. The results show that the size distributions, measured with the Partector Pro, agree with the MPSS mostly within ± 25 % for particle sizes between 10 and 113.5 nm, whereas higher, systematic differences were observed for larger particles. The measurement accuracy was shown to be dependent on the geometric mean diameter and the geometric standard deviation of the aerosol. Best results were found for the most abundant size distributions with geometric mean particle diameters ≥ 30 nm and geometric standard deviations larger than 1.8. The total number concentration, measured by the Partector Pro, was found to be in excellent agreement with the MPSS with a slope of the linear fit of 0.9977 and a regression coefficient of R2=0.9956. The agreement of the geometric mean particle diameter, determined with the Partector Pro and the MPSS was good but moderately dependent on the particle size distribution. For mean particle sizes between 20 and 50 nm, the bias was within ±15 %. Higher deviations of up to 30 % were observed when the geometric mean particle sizes exceeded 70 nm and when the geometric standard deviations exceeded approximately 2.7.
Technical note: An autonomous flow-through salinity and temperature perturbation mesocosm system for multi-stressor experiments
Authors: Miller Cale A. , Urrutti Pierre , Gattuso Jean-Pierre , Comeau Steeve , Lebrun Anaïs , Alliouane Samir , Schlegel Robert W. , Gazeau Frédéric
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The rapid environmental changes in aquatic systems as a result of anthropogenic forcings are creating a multitude of challenging conditions for organisms and communities. The need to better understand the interaction of environmental stressors now, and in the future, is fundamental to determining the response of ecosystems to these perturbations. This work describes an automated ex situ mesocosm perturbation system that can manipulate several variables of aquatic media in a controlled setting. This perturbation system was deployed in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard); within this system, ambient water from the fjord was heated and mixed with freshwater in a multifactorial design to investigate the response of mixed-kelp communities in mesocosms to projected future Arctic conditions. The system employed an automated dynamic offset scenario in which a nominal temperature increase was programmed as a set value above real-time ambient conditions in order to simulate future warming. A freshening component was applied in a similar manner: a decrease in salinity was coupled to track the temperature offset based on a temperature–salinity relationship in the fjord. The system functioned as an automated mixing manifold that adjusted flow rates of warmed and chilled ambient seawater, with unmanipulated ambient seawater and freshwater delivered as a single source of mixed media to individual mesocosms. These conditions were maintained via continuously measured temperature and salinity in 12 mesocosms (1 control and 3 treatments, all in triplicate) for 54 d. System regulation was robust, as median deviations from nominal conditions were < 0.15 for both temperature (∘C) and salinity across the three replicates per treatment. Regulation further improved during a second deployment that mimicked three marine heat wave scenarios in which a dynamic temperature regulation held median deviations to < 0.036 ∘C from the nominal value for all treatment conditions and replicates. This perturbation system has the potential to be implemented across a wide range of conditions to test single or multi-stressor drivers (e.g., increased temperature, freshening, and high CO2) while maintaining natural variability. The automated and independent control for each experimental unit (if desired) provides a large breadth of versatility with respect to experimental design.
Simulating the effects of sea level rise and soil salinization on adaptation and migration decisions in Mozambique
Authors: Pandey Kushagra , de Bruijn Jens A. , de Moel Hans , Botzen Wouter , Aerts Jeroen C. J. H.
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Coastal flooding and sea level rise (SLR) will affect farmers in coastal areas, as increasing salinity levels will reduce crop yields, leading to a loss of net annual income for farming communities. In response, farmers can take various actions. In order to assess such a response under SLR, we applied an agent-based model (ABM) to simulate the adaptation and migration decisions of farmers in coastal Mozambique. The ABM is coupled with a salinization module to simulate the relationship between soil salinity and SLR. The decision rules in the model (DYNAMO-M) are based on the economic theory of subjective expected utility. This theory posits that households can maximize their welfare by deciding whether to (a) stay and face losses from salinization and flooding, (b) stay and adapt (switching to salt-tolerant crops and enhancing physical resilience such as elevating houses), or (c) migrate to safer inland areas. The results show that coastal farmers in Mozambique face total losses of up to US$12.5 million per year from salt intrusion and up to US$800 million per year from flooding of buildings (RCP8.5 in the year 2080). Sorghum farmers may experience little damage from salt intrusion, while rice farmers may experience losses of up to US$15,000 per year. We show that medium-sized farmers (1–20 ha) are most at risk. This is because their farm size means that adaptation costs are substantial, while their incomes are too low to cover these costs. The number of households adapting varies between different districts (6 %–50 %), with salt adaptation being the most common, as costs are lowest. Despite adaptation measures, about 13 %–20 % of the total 300,000 farmers in coastal flood zones will migrate to safer areas under different settings of adaptive behaviour and different climatic and socioeconomic scenarios.
Isotopic evaluation of the National Water Model reveals missing agricultural irrigation contributions to streamflow across the western United States
Authors: Putman Annie , Longley Patrick , McDonnell Morgan , Reddy James , Katoski Michelle , Miller Olivia , Brooks J. Renee
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The National Water Model (NWM) provides critical analyses and projections of streamflow that support water management decisions. However, the NWM performs poorly in lower elevation rivers of the western United States (US). The accuracy of the NWM depends on the fidelity of the model inputs and the representation and calibration of model processes and water sources. To evaluate the NWM, we performed a water isotope (δ18O and δ2H) mass balance using long term mean summer hydrologic fluxes between 2000 and 2019, and gridded precipitation and groundwater isotope ratios. We compared the NWM-flux-estimated (‘model’) river reach isotope ratios to 4503 in-stream water isotope observations in 877 reaches across 5 basins in the western US. A simple regression between observed and mass balance estimated isotope ratios explained 57.9 % (δ18O) and 67.1 % (δ2H) of variance, though observations were 0.5 ‰ (δ18O) and 4.8 ‰ (δ2H) higher, on average, than mass balance estimates. The unexplained variance suggest that the NWM does not include all relevant water fluxes to rivers. To infer possible missing water fluxes, we evaluated patterns in observation-model differences using δ18Odiff (δ18Oobs − δ18Omod) and ddiff (δ2Hdiff −8∗δ18Odiff). We detected evapoconcentration of observations relative to model estimates (negative ddiff and positive δ18Odiff) at lower elevation, higher stream order, arid sites. The catchment actual evaporation to precipitation ratio, the fraction of streamflow estimated to be derived from agricultural irrigation, and whether a site was reservoir-affected were all significant predictors of ddiff in a linear mixed effects model, with up to 15.1 % of variance explained by fixed effects. This finding is supported by patterns in groundwater levels and groundwater isotope ratios, and suggests the importance of including irrigation return flows to rivers, especially in lower elevation, higher stream order, arid rivers of the Western US.
Hydroclimatic processes as the primary drivers of the Early Khvalynian transgression of the Caspian Sea: new developments
Authors: Gelfan Alexander , Panin Andrey , Kalugin Andrey , Morozova Polina , Semenov Vladimir , Sidorchuk Alexey , Ukraintsev Vadim , Ushakov Konstantin
Published: January 2024

Abstract. It has been well established that during the late Quaternary, the Khvalynian transgression of the Caspian Sea occurred, when the sea level rose tens of meters above the present level. Here, we evaluate the physical feasibility of the hypothesis that the maximum phase of this extraordinary event (known as the “Early Khvalynian transgression”) could be initiated and maintained for several thousand years solely by hydroclimatic factors. The hypothesis is based on recent studies dating the highest sea level stage (well above +10 m a.s.l.) to the final period of deglaciation, 17–13 kyr BP, and studies estimating the contribution of the glacial waters in the sea level rise for this period as negligible. To evaluate the hypothesis put forward, we first applied the coupled ocean and sea-ice general circulation model driven by the climate model and estimated the equilibrium water inflow (irrespective of its origin) sufficient to maintain the sea level at the well-dated marks of the Early Khvalynian transgression as 400–470 km3 yr−1. Secondly, we conducted an extensive radiocarbon dating of the large paleochannels (signs of high flow of atmospheric origin) located in the Volga basin and found that the period of their origin (17.5–14 ka BP) is almost identical to the recent dating of the main phase of the Early Khvalynian transgression. Water flow that could form these paleochannels was earlier estimated for the ancient Volga River as 420 km3 yr−1, i.e., close to the equilibrium runoff we determined. Thirdly, we applied a hydrological model forced by paleoclimate data to reveal physically consistent mechanisms of an extraordinarily high water inflow into the Caspian Sea in the absence of a visible glacial meltwater effect. We found that the inflow could be caused by the spread of post-glacial permafrost in the Volga paleocatchment. The numerical experiments demonstrated that the permafrost resulted in a sharp drop in infiltration into the frozen ground and reduced evaporation, which all together generated the Volga runoff during the Oldest Dryas, 17–14.8 kyr BP, up to 360 km3 yr−1 (i.e., the total inflow into the Caspian Sea could reach 450 km3 yr−1). The closeness of the estimates of river inflow into the sea, obtained by three independent methods, in combination with the previously obtained results, gave us reason to conclude that the hypothesis put forward is physically consistent.
Spatial accessibility of emergency medical services under inclement weather: a case study in Beijing, China
Authors: Zhang Yuting , Liu Kai , Ni Xiaoyong , Wang Ming , Zheng Jianchun , Liu Mengting , Yu Dapeng
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The accessibility of emergency medical services (EMSs) is not only determined by the distribution of emergency medical facilities but is also influenced by weather conditions. Inclement weather could affect the efficiency of the city's traffic network and further affect the response time of EMSs, which could therefore be an essential impact factor on the safety of human lives. This study proposes an EMSs-accessibility quantification method based on selected indicators, explores the influence of inclement weather on EMSs accessibility, and identifies the hotspots that have difficulty accessing timely EMSs. A case study was implemented in Beijing, which is a typical megacity in China, based on the ground-truth traffic data of the whole city in 2019. The results show that inclement weather has a general negative impact on EMSs accessibility. Under an inclement weather scenario, the area in the city that could get EMSs within 15 min would decrease by 13 % compared with a normal scenario (the average state of weekdays without precipitation), while in some suburban townships, the population that could get 15 min EMSs would decrease by 40 %. We found that snowfall has a greater impact on the accessibility of EMSs than rainfall. Although on the whole, the urban area would have more traffic speed reduction, towns in suburban areas with lower baseline EMSs accessibility are more vulnerable to inclement weather. Under the worst scenario in 2019, 12.6 % of the population (about 3.5 million people) could not get EMSs within 15 min, compared with 7.5 % with normal weather conditions. This study could provide a scientific reference for city planning departments to optimize traffic under inclement weather and the site selection of emergency medical facilities.
Review article: Current approaches and critical issues in multi-risk recovery planning of urban areas exposed to natural hazards
Authors: Mohammadi Soheil , De Angeli Silvia , Boni Giorgio , Pirlone Francesca , Cattari Serena
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Post-disaster recovery has been addressed in the literature by different sectoral perspectives and scientific communities. Nevertheless, studies providing holistic approaches to recovery, integrating reconstruction procedures and socio-economic impacts, are still lacking. Additionally, there is a gap in disaster recovery research addressing the additional challenges posed by the effect of complex, multiple, and interacting risks on highly interconnected urban areas. Furthermore, recovery has only been marginally explored from a pre-disaster perspective in terms of planning and actions to increase urban resilience and recoverability. This paper provides a critical review of existing literature and guidelines on multi-risk disaster recovery with the twofold aim of identifying current gaps and providing the layout to address multi-risk recovery planning tools for decision-making. The literature on disaster recovery is investigated in the paper by focusing on the definition of the recovery phase and its separation or overlapping with other disaster risk management phases, the different destinations and goals that an urban system follows through recovery pathways, the requirements to implement a holistic resilience-based recovery roadmap, the challenges for shifting from single-risk to multi-risk recovery approaches, and the available tools for optimal decision-making in the recovery planning. Finally, the current challenges in multi-risk recovery planning are summarized and discussed. This review can be a ground basis for new research directions in the field of multi-risk recovery planning to help stakeholders in decision-making and optimize their pre-disaster investments to improve the urban system's recoverability.
Modeling liquid transport in the Earth's mantle as two-phase flow: effect of an enforced positive porosity on liquid flow and mass conservation
Authors: Lee Changyeol , Cerpa Nestor G. , Han Dongwoo , Wada Ikuko
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Fluid and melt transport in the solid mantle can be modeled as a two-phase flow in which the liquid flow is resisted by the compaction of the viscously deforming solid mantle. Given the wide impact of liquid transport on the geodynamical and geochemical evolution of the Earth, the so-called “compaction equations” are increasingly being incorporated into geodynamical modeling studies. When implementing these equations, it is common to use a regularization technique to handle the porosity singularity in the dry mantle. Moreover, it is also common to enforce a positive porosity (liquid fraction) to avoid unphysical negative values of porosity. However, the effects of this “capped” porosity on the liquid flow and mass conservation have not been quantitatively evaluated. Here, we investigate these effects using a series of 1- and 2-dimensional numerical models implemented using the commercial finite-element package COMSOL Multiphysics®. The results of benchmarking experiments against a semi-analytical solution for 1- and 2-D solitary waves illustrate the successful implementation of the compaction equations. We show that the solutions are accurate when the element size is smaller than half of the compaction length. Furthermore, in time-evolving experiments where the solid is stationary (immobile), we show that the mass balance errors are similarly low for both the capped and uncapped (i.e., allowing negative porosity) experiments. When Couette flow, convective flow, or subduction corner flow of the solid mantle is assumed, the capped porosity leads to overestimations of the mass of liquid in the model domain and the mass flux of liquid across the model boundaries, resulting in intrinsic errors in mass conservation even if a high mesh resolution is used. Despite the errors in mass balance, however, the distributions of the positive porosity and peaks (largest positive liquid fractions) in both the uncapped and capped experiments are similar. Hence, the capping of porosity in the compaction equations can be reasonably used to assess the main pathways and first-order distribution of fluids and melts in the mantle.
Coupled thermo–geophysical inversion for permafrost monitoring
Authors: Tomaškovičová Soňa , Ingeman-Nielsen Thomas
Published: January 2024

Abstract. This study explores an alternative way of deriving soil thermal properties from surface geophysical measurements. We combined ground surface temperature time series with time lapse geoelectrical acquisitions measured from the ground surface in a fully coupled inversion scheme to calibrate a heat conduction model. The quantitative link between the thermal and geoelectrical parts of the modeling framework is the temperature-dependent unfrozen water content, which is also the main factor influencing electrical response of the ground. The apparent resistivity data were incorporated into the coupled framework without being inverted separately, thus reducing the uncertainty inevitably associated with inverted resistivity models. We show that geoelectrical time lapse data are useful as alternative calibration data and can provide as good results as borehole temperature measurements. The fully coupled modeling framework using field data achieved performance comparable to calibration on borehole temperature records in terms of model fit within 0.6 ∘C, inversion convergence metrics, as well as the predictive performance of the calibrated model.
STATE POLICY OF ENSURING SOCIO-ECONOMIC SECURITY OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS
Authors: Maistro Serhii
Published: January 2024

The theoretical and methodological principles of the state policy of ensuring socio-economic security of regional development are determined. The role of the state in ensuring the necessary rates of socio-economic development of the region is clarified. The directions for improving the theoretical and methodological approaches to the formation and implementation of the state policy of ensuring social and economic security of regional development are substantiated.
Toxicity of the feed additive when using the Tetrahymena Pyriformis test object
Authors: Kapitonova E. A. , Vlasenko E. V.
Published: January 2024

To compensate for the lack of minerals in the feed, livestock breeders additionally use various sources of macro- and microelements, including copper-containing components. The aim of our research work was the use of an in vitro method for determining the toxicity of feed additives using the test object Tetrahymena pyriformis. Biotesting was carried out at the Research Institute PVMiB UO VGAVM guided by GOST 13496.7-97, GOST 31674-2012 and "Methodological recommendations for the accelerated determination of the toxicity and safety of feed and feed additives using the test object Tetrahymena pyriformis". Before starting the assessment of general toxicity, we conducted a study of the basic feed premix for broiler chickens. Each sample was studied 3 times.After receiving the results, various coppercontaining additives were added to the compound feed at the rate of 2.0%. Then we repeated a threefold toxicological examination. To obtain objective empirical data, each test sample of copper-containing additives (name and manufacturer) was encrypted by us.We have conducted studies on the simplest five feed additives at the rate of 2.0%. Based on in vitro laboratory tests, it was found that the death of protozoa, as well as a change in the shape and nature of the movement of Tetrahymena pyriformis, in the five samples presented, were at the level of 46.2-30.5%, which indicates an average degree of toxicity of copper-containing additives. Copper-containing feed additives can be used for further research work, in particular, in diets for laboratory and farm animals, taking into account their strict rationing in the diet.