bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public Service Innovation at PT. PLN (Persero) Kawangkoan Customer Service Unit
Authors: Engka Mersi , Masengi Evi E. , Wawointana Thelma , Rantung Margareth
Published: November 2022

This study means to depict the Public Help Advancement at PT. PLN (Persero) Kawangkoan Client care Unit. This study utilizes an illustrative subjective methodology, the quantity of witnesses is 8 (eight) individuals with information assortment procedures specifically perception, meetings, and documentation, with information examination strategies through information decrease, information show, making determinations. The outcomes showed that Public Help Advancement at PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Kawangkoan overall has not been going great since it was found that as per the consequences of exploration, the local area was not completely mindful of the help advancements from PLN, to be specific the PLN Portable application, how to get to and overall this application was gotten to through electronic gadgets like cell phones. The electronic hardware, as well as the contradiction of data from the application framework with the realities that happen in the field, the presence of snags as an organization in getting to the PLN versatile application, should have a decent organization, and server issues. This is to further develop the assistance nature of PT. PLN (Persero) Kawangkoan Client assistance Unit.
Income Generating Mapping of FMIPA Unesa
Authors: Madlazim  , Rahmadiarti Fida , Masriyah  , Indana Sifak , Fahmi Muhammad Nurul
Published: November 2022

This study uses a qualitative method using a phenomenological approach and direct observation of the studied sample. This research funds to carry out operational activities (academic and non-academic) are divided into two, namely funds from the APBN (State Expenditure Revenue Budget) and non APBN. Community Funds (DM) are funds generated from non-state budgets, which are often referred to as income from PTN-BH. This study found that two ways can be used as a source of income for FMIPA Unesa, namely 1. Diversification of income or exploring new sources of income, and 2. Develop existing sources of income. Explore opportunities for new sources of income (diversification) covering components of information, teaching, alumni, campus population, land, and facilities. Several tasks can be performed on these components, namely 1.The sale of information includes intellectual property, research parks, and data interpretation for businesses, 2. Teaching includes; a laboratory management training program, training to improve pedagogic competence and mathematics, 3. Alumni resources include continuing education for alumni and professional services for alumni, 4. The provision of services for students and other visitors includes a place to study, 5. Utilization of land, land, or buildings and other campus facilities that have the potential to generate income.
Increase The Value of Zakat Income
Authors: Mustaring  , Sudirman Muh. , Akbal Muhammad , Bakhtiar
Published: November 2022

This research is to analyses the percentage of value that muzakki must pay on zakat income. The purpose is to trace the opinions of the scholars, the background of their determination in the law, and the amount of the percentage of zakat income that should be paid by Muslims. The method used is juridically normative, namely by tracing the ijtihad of the fuqaha in the field of zakat, with the approach of jurisprudence and the proposal of jurisprudence. The results of the study found that there were five periods or periods of development of zakat, and zakat income only appeared in contemporary times. The amount of zakat income in Law Number: 23 of 2011 concerning Zakat is five percent. It is recommended to raise by five or ten percent. Therefore, it is advisable to conduct further research, and with the results of this research can be a recommendation for the birth of the fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council towards changes in the zakat law.
The Effect of SAK EMKM Socialization, Perceptions of MSME Performers, and Accounting Knowledge on The Preparation of MSME Financial Reports in Bangkalan District
Authors: Rusnindita Kartika , Hidayat Rachmad
Published: November 2022

SAK EMKM is a financial accounting standard to support the progress of MSMEs in Indonesia in compiling financial reports. It is also to make easier for MSME actors to get access to funding from financial institutions, but many MSME actors have difficulty in compiling financial reports. The applicable accounting standards can affect SAK EMKM application such as the socialization of SAK EMKM, the perception of MSME actors, and understanding of accounting. The population in this study was Micro,Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) registered at the Department of Cooperatives and Micro Enterprises in Bangkalan. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with criteria for SMEs in the culinary sector, a number of samples obtained was 92 MSME actors with 88 MSME actors being studied successfully. The analytical tool used is SPSS 30. The results obtained from this study stated that the socialization of SAK EMKM, the perception of MSME actors, and accounting knowledge partially had a positive and significant effect on the Preparation of Financial Statement SMES are 0,083 and socialization SAK EMKM are 0,379, the perception of MSME actors, and understanding of accounting simultaneously (together) has a positive and significant effect on the Preparation of Financial Statement SMES are 0,785.
The Effectiveness of Using the Barcode System in Making Family Cards at the Department of Population and Civil Registration of Minahasa Regency
Authors: Kailuhu Firens , Mandagi Marthinus , Pangkey Itje , Mantiri Jeane
Published: November 2022

The problem in this study is the effectiveness of using the barcode system in making family cards at the Department of Population and Civil Registration of Minahasa Regency. This study aims to determine how effective the use of the barcode system in making family cards at the Department of Population and Civil Registration of Minahasa Regency is. Sources of data in this study were the people of Minahasa Regency as many as 32 people. To analyze the data, quantitative descriptive analysis technique with the percentage formula. Based on the result of SPPS the lowest calculated r value is 0.567 and the highest calculated r value is 0.911, it can be concluded that the statement is valid, because r arithmetic is greater than r table 0.349. then Cronbach's alpha values obtained are input 0.730, productivity 0.766, satisfaction 0.796, and output 0.766, because the value is greater than 0.7 so it can be concluded are reliable. Then the effectiveness of using the barcode system in making family cards at the Department of Population and Civil Registration of Minahasa Regency is very effective with a result of 86,4%.
The Impact of Innovation Policy and Development Strategy on Satisfaction and Productivity of Seaweed Industry Employees in Sumenep
Authors: Hidayat Rachmad , Arifiyah Nuriyanti , Arifin Alvin
Published: November 2022

This study examines The Impact of Innovation Policy and Development Strategy on Satisfaction and Productivity of Seaweed Industry Employees in Sumenep Regency. This research is quantitative research. The source of data in this study is primary data using a questionnaire. The population in this study was 41 people with a sampling technique using a saturated sample or census. The results of this study indicate that innovation policy has a significant effect on productivity and Development Strategy has a significant effect on productivity. Satisfaction mediates the effect of innovation policy on productivity significantly and Satisfaction mediates the effect of development strategy on productivity significantly.
Regional Public Service Agency’s Financial Management Implementation in Walanda Maramis North Minahasa Public Hospital
Authors: Kawatu Freddy Semuel , Kewo Cecilia Lelly
Published: November 2022

Regional Public Service Agency’s Financial Management is one of the new policies from government in order to improve financial performances and public services at Walanda Maramis North Minahasa Public Hospital. The purpose of this research is to analyze Regional Public Service Agency’s Financial Management in Walanda Maramis North Minahasa Public Hospital (before and after implementing). This research uses qualitative approach with descriptive analyze method; secondary data ources from 2020 and 2021 financial reports, journal articles, reference books and interview instruments.Balanced Scorecard and Model Analyze by Miles and Huberman is the analyzing technic used to comprehensively measure the financial and non-financial performances. Result of this research shown: 1)Walanda Maramis North Minahasa Public Hospital had implementing financial management of Reginal Public Service Agency in forms of governances, accountabilities and transparency; and 2) performances evaluations is consist of three aspects, financial performance, operational services performance, and service quality improvement performance, which contributing to the public’s services and welfare, which also got Healthy grade financial performance with 74.15 score.
Functional the Strengthening Role of Administrative Court as An Effort to Maximize People Legal Protection
Authors: Safi  , Rubaie Ach.
Published: November 2022

As a judicial institution that stands from the mandate of the rule of law, Indonesian’s Administrative Court (PTUN) is still not optimal in carrying out its role to provide justice for administrative decisions. Different from other judicial institutions located in each district/city, the Administrative Court is only available in a few areas. In addition, the executorial power of the Administrative Court's decision which is not monitored has made the disputing parties not enforce the decision several times. This condition makes the Administrative Court appear to be only a formality institution that does not have any coercive provisions. This paper discusses the hindering factors of Administrative Court performance and the importance of strengthening the judiciary. The research method used is normative legal research based on the law related to PTUN.
AMBAND Bone-Conduction Headband
Authors: Margolis Robert H. , Margolis Janet C.
Published: November 2022

Purpose As bone-conduction thresholds vary with the coupling force between the vibrator and the head, it is important that the coupling force be within the range specified by audiometer standards. The development and validation of AMBAND, an elastic headband for coupling an audiometric bone vibrator to the head, in either the mastoid or forehead position, is described.

Methods The headband was constructed from woven, fold-over elastic with Velcro attachment points to produce the proper force on the head for various head sizes. Force measurements were made with a digital force gauge on five artificial heads, representing adult females, adult males, children (age 6 years), infants (age 6 months), and newborns with the bone vibrator in the mastoid and forehead positions. Additional measurements were made with the Radioear P-3333 spring band that is in common use.

Results Force measurements were highly repeatable within a given headband and across headbands. Force measurements for AMBAND were within the range specified by the ANSI S3.6-2018. The Radioear P-3333 spring band produced force levels that exceeded the specified range and had higher variability compared with AMBAND.

Conclusion AMBAND can be used to couple audiometric bone vibrators to the head in the forehead and mastoid positions during bone-conduction testing to provide accurate threshold measurements.
The Role of Presepsin as a Biomarker of Sepsis in Children: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Khera Daisy , Toteja Nisha , Singh Simranjeet , Didel Siyaram , Singh Kuldeep , Chugh Ankita , Singh Surjit
Published: November 2022

Objectives Biomarkers in sepsis are an arena of avid research as they can facilitate timely diagnosis and help reduce mortality. Presepsin is a promising candidate with good diagnostic performance reported in adult and neonatal studies. However, there is no clear consensus about its utility in the pediatric age group. This study aimed to synthesize scientific evidence regarding the diagnostic and prognostic performance of presepsin in pediatric sepsis.

Data Sources A systematic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials, Google Scholar, and Scopus to identify relevant studies reporting the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of presepsin.

Study Selection Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we retrieved all controlled trials and observational studies on presepsin as a biomarker in children aged <19 years with sepsis.

Data Extraction Two authors independently performed study screening, data extraction, and quality assessment of the included studies.

Data Synthesis Among the 267 citations identified, a total of nine relevant studies were included in the final analysis. The pooled diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of presepsin were 0.99 (95% confidence interval [CI]; 0.97–1.00) and 0.88 (95% CI; 0.83–0.92), respectively, with a diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of 28.15 (95% CI; 0.74–1065.67) and area under the curve (AUC) in summary receiver operating curve of 0.89. Prognostic accuracy for presepsin had a sensitivity of 0.64 (95% CI; 0.35–1.0), specificity of 0.62 (95% CI; 0.44–0.87), and DOR of 3.3 (95% CI; 0.20–53.43). For procalcitonin, the pooled sensitivity for diagnostic accuracy was 0.97 (95% CI; 0.94–1.00), specificity was 0.76 (95% CI; 0.69–0.82), DOR was 10.53 (95% CI; 5.31–20.88), and AUC was 0.81.

Conclusion Presepsin has good diagnostic accuracy with high sensitivity and specificity. Its prognostic accuracy in predicting mortality is low.
Shining a light on an additional clinical burden: work-related digital communication survey study – COVID-19 impact on NHS staff wellbeing
Authors: Bakhai Ameet , McCauley Leah , Stones Liba , Khalil Saria , Mehta Jay , Price Nicola , Krishnamurthy Vinodh , Parker Lucy H. H. , Hughes Derralynn
Published: November 2022

Work-related communication volume within the United Kingdom’s National Health Service (NHS) has had little systematic research previously. The impact of communication volume on work-life balance of healthcare staff in the NHS is also not known and has not been an area of focus or governance. COVID-19 led to a shift to non-physical work, with greater reliance on digital communication for clinical decision making. We sought to elucidate the relationship between communication, work-life balance, and COVID-19. An online survey was conducted to assess the platforms used to communicate professionally, the volume of and time spent on work-related communications, how this has changed from before to during COVID-19, and the effect on work-life balance. A total of 3047 healthcare staff provided consent and evaluable data. Emails were reported as the most frequently used communication tool, and the majority of staff asked, reported increased work-related communications due to COVID-19. Staff estimated receiving 14 emails on an average day before COVID-19. During the pandemic, staff estimated getting approximately 17 emails on an average day and 29 emails on a busy day. Work communications reportedly took up increased amounts of family and home time during COVID-19. A large proportion (36%) of staff were unable to switch off from work-related communications already before COVID-19, worsening (57%) during the pandemic. Work-related digital communication is a vital component of working in the NHS. We provide the first detailed data on the types, volume, and impact of such communication on NHS staff during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to pre-pandemic levels. We found that 82% of staff support the need for NHS guidance on work-related communications to help manage overload, protect emotional wellbeing, and increase resilience. Further work is urgently needed in this area to tackle the negative impact of communication technologies (technostress) on work-life balance to reduce staff stress, burnout, and turnover or early retirement of some staff.
Thermal conductivity of multilayer polymer-nanocomposite thin films
Authors: Aryal Anil , Bradicich Adelaide , Iverson Ethan T. , Long Carolyn T. , Chiang Hsu-Cheng , Grunlan Jaime C. , Shamberger Patrick J.
Published: November 2022

The development of electrical insulators that are thermally conducting is critical for thermal management applications in many advanced electronics and electrical devices. Here, we synthesized polymer nanocomposite (PNC) films composed of polymers [polyethylenimine, poly(vinylamine), poly(acrylic acid), and poly(ethylene oxide)] and dielectric fillers (montmorillonite clay and hexagonal boron nitride) by layer-by-layer technique. The cross-plane thermal conductivity (k⊥) of the film was measured by the 3ω method. The effect of various factors such as film growth, filler type, filler volume fraction, polymer chemical structures, and temperature on the thermal conductivity is reported. The k⊥ of PNCs with thickness from 37 nm to 1.34 μm was found to be in the range of 0.11 to 0.21 ± 0.02 W m−1 K−1. The k⊥ values were found to be lower than the constituent polymer matrix. The experimental result is compared with existing theoretical models of nanocomposite systems to get insight into heat transfer behavior in such layered films composed of dielectrics and polymers.
Near-field radiative heat transfer management by subwavelength plasmonic crystals
Authors: Castillo-López S. G. , Esquivel-Sirvent R. , Villarreal C. , Pirruccio G.
Published: November 2022

Engineering the heat flux between two surfaces kept at different temperatures relies on the ability to tailor the dispersion of modes sustained by the system. Metasurfaces made of ordered arrays of subwavelength spherical nanoparticles have an optical response that depends not only on materials but also on their geometrical parameters. Our system is modeled by using an effective medium approximation allowing the homogenization of individual metasurfaces and replacing them with anisotropic layers. Excitation or suppression of surface and hyperbolic modes can be controlled by means of different degrees of freedom offered by the metasurfaces. By leveraging this flexibility, we theoretically show that the near-field radiative heat transfer between two such metasurfaces can be effectively geometrically tuned.
Similar grazing mechanisms explain contrasting intake and sward-height dynamics under different grazing management
Authors: Pontes-Prates Arthur , Carvalho Paulo César de Faccio , Bolzan Anderson Michel Soares , Savian Jean Víctor , Félix da Silva Neto Gentil , Sánchez Zubieta Ángel , Laca Emilio Andrés
Published: November 2022

Context Average sward height has traditionally been used as a grazing management variable. However, such approach ignores the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of swards. Because the intake rate responds non-linearly to average height at plant level, we expected that sheep exposed to contrasting grazing methods with similar average heights would behave differently. Aims We hypothesised that low-intensity, high-frequency grazing results in a higher daily intake rate than does high-intensity, low-frequency grazing, despite both methods having similar average sward heights over space and time. Also, we asked whether sheep exhibit the same foraging mechanisms for a given instantaneous sward state regardless of long-term grazing conditions imposed. Methods We exposed sheep to two contrasting grazing methods with similar average height; low-intensity, high-frequency (LIHF), and high-intensity, low-frequency (HILF). We then evaluated their foraging behaviour using continuous bite-monitoring paired with detailed sward measurements during grazing down. Key results Sward height decreased markedly during the grazing period in both treatments, but the sward height depletion was faster under HILF (7.5 cm and 20.3 cm for LIHF and HILF), which means that sward structure was severely disrupted. The animals exhibited markedly different herbage intake patterns between the grazing methods, with sheep under LIHF presenting greater total daily herbage intake (850 vs 630 g DM per individual). Also, sheep demonstrated a more stable and higher instantaneous intake rate in the LIHF. Despite the difference in total daily herbage intake, the grazing treatments did not affect the behavioural mechanisms beyond their indirect effects on the rate of change in the instantaneous sward conditions. Grazing treatments created different patterns of sward change and intake rate over time, but the local and instantaneous sward conditions determined intake rate regardless of the grazing method. Conclusions Intake responses of sheep differed between grazing methods with similar average height due to sward heterogeneity over time and space. Grazing mechanisms were not directly affected by the treatments but were influenced by the sward heterogeneity imposed by the grazing management. Implications Grazing management requires not only consideration of the average sward height, but also an understanding of how the resource is distributed in time and space.
A vertical inertial sensor with interferometric readout
Authors: Kranzhoff S L , Lehmann J , Kirchhoff R , Carlassara M , Cooper S J , Koch P , Leavey S , Lück H , Mow-Lowry C M , Wöhler J , von Wrangel J , Wu D S
Published: November 2022

High precision interferometers such as gravitational-wave detectors require complex seismic isolation systems in order to decouple the experiment from unwanted ground motion. Improved inertial sensors for active isolation potentially enhance the sensitivity of existing and future gravitational-wave detectors, especially below 30 Hz, and thereby increase the range of detectable astrophysical signals. This paper presents a vertical inertial sensor which senses the relative motion between an inertial test mass suspended by a blade spring and a seismically isolated platform. An interferometric readout was used which introduces low sensing noise, and preserves a large dynamic range due to fringe-counting. The expected sensitivity is comparable to other state-of-the-art interferometric inertial sensors and reaches values of

10

−
10

m

(

H
z

1

/

2

)

−
1

at 100 mHz and

10

−
12

m

(

H
z

1

/

2

)

−
1

at 1 Hz. The potential sensitivity improvement compared to commercial L-4C geophones is shown to be about two orders of magnitude at 10 mHz and 100 mHz and one order of magnitude at 1 Hz. The noise performance is expected to be limited by thermal noise of the inertial test mass suspension below 10 Hz. Further performance limitations of the sensor, such as tilt-to-vertical coupling from a non-perfect levelling of the test mass and nonlinearities in the interferometric readout, are also quantified and discussed.
An electromagnetically actuated ball and socket joint for applications in 3D metrology
Authors: Narendra M , Arya B N , Jayanth G R
Published: November 2022

The design, development and application of a novel magnetically actuated ball-and-socket joint has been presented here. The joint comprises a current-carrying conductor acting as the socket and a permanent magnet ball. External solenoid coils are employed to orient the ball in any desired direction. A novel strategy, based on providing a small vibratory input, is proposed to eliminate static friction. The joint has been fabricated and experimentally demonstrated to rotate over a large range of about ±

70
∘

with a low cross-axis rotation, of about 8%, and with negligible hysteresis. The developed joint has been employed as a touch-trigger probe in a coordinate measurement machine to access all the three surfaces in a cuboidal corner of a sample.
Teaching planetary retrograde motion using a local positioning system
Authors: Lee Kaela J , DeStefano Paul R , Shaaban Lori , Dunlap Justin C , Widenhorn Ralf
Published: November 2022

For millennia, humans have observed planetary retrograde motion and attempted to explain the phenomena. Our modern understanding of the motions of bodies within the Solar System is built up from a rich history of past models, each of which tried to explain astronomical observations while also being influenced by the contemporary belief system. One of the pivotal observations that assisted astronomers in the development of our current planetary model is planetary retrograde motion. Complexities in heliocentric and geocentric planetary models coupled with the change of reference frame required to visualize retrograde can be challenging for students. For this reason, we developed a kinaesthetic learning activity for introductory physics and astronomy courses that requires students to physically walk planetary orbits and allows them to see apparent motions across a virtual sky in real-time. In this paper, we present multiple activities using a local positioning system that are based on changing historical models for the retrograde phenomenon. We aim for these activities to culminate in students’ holistic understanding of how astronomically observed retrograde patterns were explained by models stemming from the existing scientific knowledge and beliefs available at the time.
Jacobi partial waves for a set of 3D noncentral rational scatterers
Authors: Maulion Marvin A , Carpio-Bernido M Victoria , Bernido Christopher C
Published: November 2022

The common tool of choice for basis expansions for the scattering problem with 3D quantum systems remains the spherical harmonics as eigenfunctions of the Laplace–Beltrami operator on the sphere, with approximations for deviations made around the usually dominant s-wave spherically symmetric state. However, with the growing number of technologically accessible nonspherically symmetric geometries of cold atomic and molecular systems, there is a need to explore as orthonormal bases for partial wave analysis the larger class of weighted Jacobi polynomials, subsuming the spherical harmonics. In particular, the lowest angular state for this bigger class is a toroid instead of a spherical s-orbital. This allows analytic treatment of a wider array of rational angular-dependent potentials which can describe rings and systems with topological constraints such as monopoles. Here, we present exact analytic solutions for the quantum scattering problem by partial wave analysis using the weighted Jacobi polynomials as an expanded basis. We obtain the scattering amplitude, differential and total cross-sections for exactly solvable 3D potentials included in the Smorodinsky-Winternitz noncentral systems with dynamical symmetries. Moreover, this procedure also solves the quantum scattering problem from a novel series of rational trigonometric forms of anisotropic potentials including double ring-shaped configurations.
Possible origin of extremely large magnetoresistance in the topological insulator CaBi2 single crystal
Authors: Ma Yuzhe , Wang Yulong , Wang Gang
Published: November 2022

CaBi2 has been experimentally found to be a superconductor with a transition temperature of 2 K and identified as a topological insulator via spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, which makes it a possible platform to study the interplay between superconductivity and topology. But the detailed transport properties for CaBi2 single crystal remain unexplored in experiments. Here, we systematically studied the magneto-transport properties of CaBi2 single crystal grown by a flux method. CaBi2 shows a magnetic-field-induced upturn behavior with a plateau in resistivity at low temperature. An extremely large and non-saturating magnetoresistance up to ∼15000% at 3 K and 12 T was achieved. The possible reason for the magnetic field and temperature dependence of resistivity and extremely large magnetoresistance at low temperature was discussed by adopting the Kohler’s scaling law, which can be understood by the compensation effect confirmed by the Hall Effect measurement.
Complex dynamics in a novel jerk system with septic nonlinearity: analysis, control, and circuit realization
Authors: Ramadoss Janarthanan , Kengnou Telem Adelaïde Nicole , Kengne Jacques , Rajagopal Karthikeyan
Published: November 2022

This work proposes a new chaotic jerk system with septic nonlinearity. The new system presents odd symmetry and undergoes typical behaviors including period doubling, merging crisis, spontaneous symmetry breaking, coexisting attractors and coexisting bubbles of bifurcations as well. The most gratifying feature discovered in this article, is the occurrence of up to eight coexisting attractors for appropriate sets of parameters. This latter feature is uncommon for a chaotic system as simple as the model proposed in this work (e.g. not reported in cubic, quintic or hyperbolic sine models). Multistability control is achieved by following the linear augmentation approach. We numerically prove that the multistable septic chaotic system can be adjusted to develop a monostable behavior when smoothly monitoring the coupling strength. More interestingly, it is found that the coupling breaks the symmetry of the chaotic jerk system and thus induces new patterns including asymmetric Hopf bifurcations; coexisting non-symmetric bubbles, critical phenomena, coexisting multiple asymmetric attractors, just to name a few. On this line, the linear augmentation scheme can be regarded as a simple means for inducing new features in odd symmetric chaotic systems. PSPICE simulation results captured from an electronic analog of the proposed septic jerk system are consistent with the theoretical investigations.
The Canfranc Axion Detection Experiment (CADEx): search for axions at 90 GHz with Kinetic Inductance Detectors
Authors: Aja Beatriz , Arguedas Cuendis Sergio , Arregui Ivan , Artal Eduardo , Barreiro R. Belén , Casas Francisco J. , de Ory Marina C. , Díaz-Morcillo Alejandro , de la Fuente Luisa , Gallego Juan Daniel , García-Barceló Jose María , Gimeno Benito , Gomez Alicia , Granados Daniel , Kavanagh Bradley J. , Laso Miguel A.G. , Lopetegi Txema , Lozano-Guerrero Antonio José , Magaz Maria T. , Martín-Pintado Jesús , Martínez-González Enrique , Miralda-Escudé Jordi , Monzó-Cabrera Juan , Najarro de la Parra Francisco , Navarro-Madrid Jose R. , Nuñez Chico Ana B. , Pascual Juan Pablo , Pelegrin Jorge , Peña Garay Carlos , Rodriguez David , Socuéllamos Juan M. , Teberio Fernando , Teniente Jorge , Vielva Patricio , Vila Iván , Vilar Rocío , Villa Enrique
Published: November 2022

We propose a novel experiment, the Canfranc Axion Detection Experiment (CADEx), to probe dark matter axions with masses in the range 330–460μeV, within the W-band (80–110 GHz), an unexplored parameter space in the well-motivated dark matter window of Quantum ChromoDynamics (QCD) axions. The experimental design consists of a microwave resonant cavity haloscope in a high static magnetic field coupled to a highly sensitive detecting system based on Kinetic Inductance Detectors via optimized quasi-optics (horns and mirrors). The experiment is in preparation and will be installed in the dilution refrigerator of the Canfranc Underground Laboratory. Sensitivity forecasts for axion detection with CADEx, together with the potential of the experiment to search for dark photons, are presented.
Primordial black holes induced stochastic axion-photon oscillations in primordial magnetic field
Authors: Li Hai-Jun
Published: November 2022

Primordial black holes (PBHs) can be produced in the very early Universe due to the large
density fluctuations. The cosmic background of axion-like particles (ALPs) could be non-thermally
generated by PBHs. In this paper, we investigate the ALPs emitted by ultra-light PBHs with the
mass range 10g ≲ M
PBH ≲ 109 g, in which PBHs would have
completely evaporated before the start of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) and can therefore not be
directly constrained. In this case, the minimal scenario that ALPs could interact only with
photons is supposed. We study the stochastic oscillations between the ALPs and photons in the
cosmic magnetic field in detail. The primordial magnetic field (PMF) can be modelled as the
stochastic background field model with the completely non-homogeneous component of the cosmic
plasma. Using the latest stringent limits on PMF, we show the numerical results of ALP-photon
oscillation probability distributions with the homogeneous and stochastic magnetic field
scenarios. The PBH-induced stochastic ALP-photon oscillations in the PMF may have the effects on
some further phenomena, such as the cosmic microwave background (CMB), the cosmic X-ray background
(CXB), and the extragalactic gamma-ray background (EGB).
Development and construction status of the Mu2e electromagnetic calorimeter mechanical structures
Authors: Atanov N. , Baranov V. , Borrel L. , Bloise C. , Budagov J. , Ceravolo S. , Cervelli F. , Colao F. , Cordelli M. , Corradi G. , Davydov Y.I. , Di Falco S. , Diociaiuti E. , Donati S. , Echenard B. , Ferrari C. , Gioiosa A. , Giovannella S. , Giusti V. , Glagolev V. , Grancagnolo F. , Hampai D. , Happacher F. , Hitlin D. , Lin D. , Martini M. , Middleton S. , Miscetti S. , Morescalchi L. , Paesani D. , Pasciuto D. , Pedreschi E. , Porter F. , Raffaelli F. , Saputi A. , Sarra I. , Spinella F. , Taffara A. , Tassielli G.F. , Tereshchenko V. , Usubov Z. , Vasilyev I.I. , Zanetti A. , Zhu R.Y.
Published: November 2022

The Mu2e experiment at Fermilab will search for the CLFV neutrino-less coherent conversion of a muon into an electron in the field of an aluminum nucleus. The observation of this process would be the evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model. Mu2e comprises a straw-tracker, an electromagnetic calorimeter and an external veto for cosmic rays. The calorimeter provides electron identification, a fast trigger and aids track reconstruction. It is a state-of-the-art crystal calorimeter and employs 1340 pure CsI crystals readout by UV-extended SiPM and fast electronics. The design consists of two identical annular disks positioned at the relative distance of 70 cm downstream the target.The hostile Mu2e conditions (total ionizing dose of 12 krad and a neutron fluence of 5 × 1010 n/cm2 @ 1 MeVeq (Si)/y, 1 T magnetic field and vacuum level of 10−4 Torr) posed tight constraints on the mechanical structures and materials choice. The support structure of the two crystal matrices employs two aluminum hollow rings and parts made of open-cell vacuum-compatible carbon fiber. SiPMs and front-end electronics for each crystal are assembled in one mechanical unit inserted in a machined copper holder. The units are supported by a plate made of vacuum-compatible material. The plate integrates the cooling system made of a network of copper lines flowing a low temperature fluid and placed in thermal contact with the copper holders. The DAQ is hosted in aluminum crates positioned on the lateral surface of the disks. The crates also integrate the DAQ electronics cooling system. We review the constraints on the calorimeter structures design, the development of all the structural components, including the simulations that have determined the materials and technological choices and the specifications of the cooling station, components production and quality assurance tests, the procedures for detector assembly, transportation and installation in the experimental area.
Parameterization of electron attachment rate constants for impurities in LArTPC detectors
Authors: Li Y. , Bromberg C. , Diwan M. , Kettell S. , Martynenko S. , Qian X. , Paolone V. , Stewart J. , Thorn C. , Zhang C.
Published: November 2022

The ability of free electrons to drift long distances at
high velocities in pure liquid argon under an applied electric field
has been exploited for the past forty years to implement detectors
with increasingly larger volumes for high energy physics research.
The attachment of free electrons to impurities in the LAr is an
important limit on the free instrumented volume of these extremely
large detectors, and impurity concentrations as small as 100 ppt can
reduce their resolution and efficiency. In this paper, we summarize
the electron attachment rate constants as a function of the applied
electric field, for common impurities in LArTPCs, obtained from data
in the literature. We further provide analytical functions to
parameterize the data, which are useful to compare with new
measurements, to model and analyze the performance of existing
detectors, and to predict the performance of new detectors.
Integrability, dualities and deformations
Authors: Borsato Riccardo , Malek Emanuel
Published: November 2022

We present a special issue reviewing various topics that include: classical and quantum integrability, integrable deformations, the 4D Chern–Simons theory, double field theory and

α

′

-corrections in string theory.
BV quantization of dynamical fuzzy spectral triples
Authors: Gaunt James , Nguyen Hans , Schenkel Alexander
Published: November 2022

This paper provides a systematic study of gauge symmetries in the dynamical fuzzy spectral triple models for quantum gravity that have been proposed by Barrett and collaborators. We develop both the classical and the perturbative quantum BV formalism for these models, which in particular leads to an explicit homological construction of the perturbative quantum correlation functions. We show that the relevance of ghost and antifield contributions to such correlation functions depends strongly on the background Dirac operator

D

0

around which one perturbs, and in particular on the amount of gauge symmetry that it breaks. This will be illustrated by studying quantum perturbations around (a) the gauge-invariant zero Dirac operator

D
0

=
0

in a general

(
p
,
q
)

-model, and (b) a simple example of a non-trivial

D

0

in the quartic

(
0
,
1
)

-model.
Reparameterized semi-empirical methods for computing anharmonic vibrational frequencies of multiply-bonded hydrocarbons
Authors: Westbrook Brent R , Layfield Joshua P , Lee Timothy J , Fortenberry Ryan C
Published: November 2022

Reparameterized semi-empirical methods can reproduce gas-phase experimental vibrational frequencies to within 24 cm−1 or better for a 100-fold decrease in computational cost in the anharmonic fundamental vibrational frequencies. To achieve such accuracy and efficiency, the default parameters in the PM6 semi-empirical model are herein optimized to reproduce the experimental and high-level theoretical vibrational spectra of three small hydrocarbon molecules, C2H2, c-C3H2, and C2H4, with the hope that these same parameters will be applicable to large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This massive cost reduction allows for the computation of explicit anharmonic frequencies and the inclusion of resonance corrections that have been shown to be essential for accurate predictions of anharmonic frequencies. Such accurate predictions are necessary to help to disentangle the heretofore unidentified infrared spectral features observed around diverse astronomical bodies and hypothesized to be caused by PAHs, especially with the upcoming influx of observational data from the James Webb Space Telescope. The optimized PM6 parameters presented herein represent a substantial step in this direction with those obtained for ethylene (C2H4) yielding a 37% reduction in the mean absolute error of the fundamental frequencies compared to the default PM6 parameters.
Emotional Management in Catastrophic Times
Authors: Lunbeck Elizabeth
Published: November 2022

How can we feel safe in a world riven by conflict and in the grip of “the crazy”? What emotional strategies are available to make unbearable realities bearable? Should we side with liveliness and engagement over despair and resignation? The books under review converge on these questions. Sally Weintrobe focuses on responses to the ongoing climate emergency, offering a bracing indictment of neoliberalism’s failures in fomenting it and making a case for the role understanding the psyche—split between caring and uncaring parts—can play in countering it. Arguing that all of us harbor desires for omnipotence and entitled dominion over nature and over others, Weintrobe calls on us to mobilize the caring parts of our selves to counter indifference and resignation. Heather Murray focuses on the twentieth century’s shifting emotional regimes, using the asylum and its records to chart the displacement of passivity and resignation as culturally virtuous modes of engagement by a valorization of activity, intensity, and struggle. Yet, she asks, should we not pause to consider resignation as a sensible psychic strategy offering refuge from the clamors of a world out of control? Is opting out a viable strategy for survival or a fantasy doomed to fail?
STRIKE-GOLDD 4.0: user-friendly, efficient analysis of structural identifiability and observability
Authors: Díaz-Seoane Sandra , Rey Barreiro Xabier , Villaverde Alejandro F
Published: November 2022

Motivation

STRIKE-GOLDD is a toolbox that analyses the structural identifiability and observability of possibly non-linear, non-rational ODE models that may have known and unknown inputs. Its broad applicability comes at the expense of a lower computational efficiency than other tools.

Results

STRIKE-GOLDD 4.0 includes a new algorithm, ProbObsTest, specifically designed for the analysis of rational models. ProbObsTest is significantly faster than the previously available FISPO algorithm when applied to computationally expensive models. Providing both algorithms in the same toolbox allows combining generality and computational efficiency. STRIKE-GOLDD 4.0 is implemented as a Matlab toolbox with a user-friendly graphical interface.

Availability and implementation

STRIKE-GOLDD 4.0 is a free and open-source tool available under a GPLv3 license. It can be downloaded from GitHub at https://github.com/afvillaverde/strike-goldd.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The architecture of the European Union’s pandemic preparedness and response policy framework
Authors: Eerens Dimitri , Hrzic Rok , Clemens Timo
Published: November 2022

Background

COVID-19 has highlighted the importance of preparedness and response systems when faced with a pandemic. The rapid spread of the disease throughout Europe raised questions about the capacity of the European Union (EU) and its Member States to combat serious cross-border threats to health. This article provides an overview of institutional arrangements for pandemic preparedness before the COVID-19 pandemic and outlines the changes proposed by the European Health Union (EHU) framework.

Methods

A systematic review of relevant EU law, EU policy documents and the scientific literature was conducted. EUR-lex, PubMed, Web of Science core collection and Google Scholar databases were searched for relevant records published after the year 2000. The proposed new regulatory framework was extracted from the EHU legislative package. The results were organized according to the Public Health Emergency Preparedness Logic Model.

Results

The main EU bodies involved in preparedness and response are the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), the European Commission and the Health Security Committee (HSC). The proposed changes of the EHU focus on strengthening the auditing capabilities of the ECDC, increasing the scope of EU action in managing medical countermeasures, and further formalizing the HSC.

Conclusions

The proposal takes bold steps to address technical and political issues of preparedness and response; whereas, on the latter point, it is likely that amendments to the proposal will not address long-standing challenges in preparing for and coordinating national responses to a future EU-wide pandemic.
learnMSA: learning and aligning large protein families
Authors: Becker Felix , Stanke Mario
Published: November 2022

Background

The alignment of large numbers of protein sequences is a challenging task and its importance grows rapidly along with the size of biological datasets. State-of-the-art algorithms have a tendency to produce less accurate alignments with an increasing number of sequences. This is a fundamental problem since many downstream tasks rely on accurate alignments.

Results

We present learnMSA, a novel statistical learning approach of profile hidden Markov models (pHMMs) based on batch gradient descent. Fundamentally different from popular aligners, we fit a custom recurrent neural network architecture for (p)HMMs to potentially millions of sequences with respect to a maximum a posteriori objective and decode an alignment. We rely on automatic differentiation of the log-likelihood, and thus, our approach is different from existing HMM training algorithms like Baum–Welch. Our method does not involve progressive, regressive, or divide-and-conquer heuristics. We use uniform batch sampling to adapt to large datasets in linear time without the requirement of a tree. When tested on ultra-large protein families with up to 3.5 million sequences, learnMSA is both more accurate and faster than state-of-the-art tools. On the established benchmarks HomFam and BaliFam with smaller sequence sets, it matches state-of-the-art performance. All experiments were done on a standard workstation with a GPU.

Conclusions

Our results show that learnMSA does not share the counterintuitive drawback of many popular heuristic aligners, which can substantially lose accuracy when many additional homologs are input. LearnMSA is a future-proof framework for large alignments with many opportunities for further improvements.
Frictional properties of Opalinus Clay: influence of humidity, normal stress and grain size on frictional stability
Authors: Bigaroni Nico , Scuderi Marco Maria , Cappa Frédéric , Guglielmi Yves , Nussbaum Christophe , Aldega Luca , Pozzi Giacomo , Collettini Cristiano
Published: November 2022

The Opalinus Clay (OPA) is a clay-rich formation considered as a potential host rock for radioactive waste repositories and as a caprock for carbon storage in Switzerland. Its very low permeability (10−19 to 10−21 m2) makes it a potential sealing horizon, however the presence of faults that may be activated during the lifetime of a repository project can compromise the long-term hydrological confinement, and lead to mechanical instability. Here, we have performed laboratory experiments to test the effect of relative humidity (RH), grain size (g.s.) and normal stress on rate-and-state frictional properties and stability of fault laboratory analogues corresponding to powders of OPA shaly facies. The sifted host rock powders at different grain size fractions (<63 μm and 63 < g.s. < 125 μm), at room (∼25 per cent) and 100 per cent humidity, were slid in double-direct shear configuration, under different normal stresses (5–70 MPa). We observe that peak friction, μpeak and steady-state friction, μss, depend on water vapour content and applied normal stress. Increasing relative humidity from ∼25 per cent RH (room humidity) to 100 per cent RH causes a decrease of frictional coefficient from 0.41 to 0.35. The analysis of velocity-steps in the light of rate-and-state friction framework shows that the stability parameter (a–b) is always positive (velocity-strengthening), and it increases with increasing sliding velocity and humidity. The dependence of (a–b) on slip rate is lost as normal stress increases, for each humidity condition. By monitoring the variations of the layer thickness during the velocity steps, we observe that dilation (Δh) is directly proportional to the sliding velocity, decreases with normal stress and is unaffected by humidity. Microstructural analysis shows that most of the deformation is accommodated within B-shear zones, and the increase of normal stress (σn) promotes the transition from strain localization and grain size reduction to distributed deformation on a well-developed phyllosilicate network. These results suggest that: (1) the progressive loss of velocity dependence of frictional stability parameter (a–b) at σn > 35 MPa is dictated by a transition from localized to distributed deformation and (2) water vapour content does not affect the deformation mechanisms and dilation, whereas it decreases steady-state friction (μss), and enhances fault stability.