bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How we monitor the therapy effectiveness in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia - A Single center experience
Authors: Mešanović Semir , Žugić- Jahić Azra , Hasić Samira , Simendić Vlastimir , Šahović Haris
Published: April 2023

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematological disorder characterized by increased proliferation of the granulocytic cell lineage. We diagnose CML by presence of the breakpoint cluster region-abelson (BCR-ABL1) oncogene using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR). This method provides an accurate and unambiguous follow-up of the treatment response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This study aimed to determine the molecular response to the first and second generation of TKIs in first and second line of treatment using the QRT-PCR method. We conducted a retrospective study on 48 CML patients treated with the first and second generation of TKIs in first and second-line treatment. Treatment responses have been followed-up every 3 months using the QRT-PCR method. Patients were divided into three groups according to molecular responses to the first line of TKIs. Results obtained in this study showed that the first group of patients did not achieve major molecular response (MMR) in the first 18 months of TKI treatment. The second and third group of patients achieved MMR and deep molecular response (DMR) in the first 18 months of TKI treatment. These results indicate that patients with MMR and DMR in the first 18 months of TKIs treatment had a favourable clinical course of the disease. Inadequate molecular responses to the first line of TKIs can be improved with in increase of the dose of TKIs or by switching to other TKIs. Continuous and timely molecular monitoring of TKI’s response in CML patients provides a careful observation of the disease's course and a proper treatment approach.
O ponto de vista metanarrativo no documentário "O Método"
Authors: Quatrin Piccinin Fabiana , Garcia de Mattos Vanessa
Published: April 2023

Este artigo propõe a construção do ponto de vista metanarrativo, utilizado no documentário O Método (Sulzbach & Francke, 2019), baseado no reconhecimento de que a subjetividade não está ancorada apenas na percepção do realizador, mas movimenta-se em constante tensionamento entre ele, seu assunto e as tecnologias usadas. Nos fundamentamos na ideia de subjetividade negociada da realidade de Bruzzi (2000) e no modelo reflexivo de Nichols (2016), validando-a através da análise de trechos do filme.
Autobiograficções em "Santiago" e "No Intenso agora": o “eu” em performance
Authors: Veiga Roberta , Barbosa Rafael
Published: April 2023

No cotejo entre os documentários Santiago (2006) e No Intenso Agora (2017), de João Moreira Salles, objetivamos deslocar a noção de autor ao introduzir o modo como esses filmes em sua dimensão ensaística convocam uma autobiograficção. A busca é pela forma como nessa conjugação do eu, a princípio autoral, é um eu performático que se modula em duas frentes: a performance autorretratada e a performance inferencial, que colocam em jogo o cinema como processo de elaboração da tríade eu-imagem-mundo.
Christiane F. e o horror: uma análise do filme de 1981
Authors: Loguercio Cánepa Laura
Published: April 2023

Este trabalho propõe uma análise do filme Eu, Christiane F, 13 anos, Drogada e Prostituída (Christiane F. - Wir Kinder vom Bahnhof Zoo, Uli Edel, Alemanha Ocidental, 1981) a partir da tradição das histórias de horror. Para isso, é feita uma análise breve da estrutura narrativa do filme e de alguns de seus momentos cruciais, com vistas a uma interpretação que permita observar os aspectos horríficos da obra. O trabalho também aponta a vinculação ao cinema de horror como um dos motivos para a manutenção do culto a esse filme, quarenta anos após o seu lançamento.
Machiavelli and Contemporary Politics
Authors: Bíba Jan , Franěk Jakub
Published: April 2023

Niccolò Machiavelli has acquired a prominent position in the history of political thought. Machiavelli is probably most notorious as a teacher of evil, a political realist advising tyrants and a proud proponent of Machiavellism, a devilish politics that astoundingly bears his name. This image, however, is far from being the only one. Sorting through the history of political thought, Machiavelli suddenly appears ubiquitous and dressed in various disguises. Historical interpretations of Machiavelli's writings range from a predecessor of totalitarianism to a proponent of subversive republicanism or even radical democracy, from the first political scientist to have discovered the ideal of value-free political analysis, to a liberal, a fascist, or a communist avant-la-lettre to name just a few.
Machiavelli, Epicureanism and the Ethics of Democracy
Authors: Holman Christopher
Published: April 2023

Recent scholarship on the political thought of Niccolò Machiavelli has demonstrated the extent to which the latter's republicanism is of a populist type, and a potentially important resource for contemporary democratic theory. Although work has been produced on the constitutional form of the Machiavellian republic, less effort has been made to articulate the theoretical assumptions upon which the advocacy of such a republic is ethically grounded. Here, I attempt to locate the democratic ethical imperative in the affirmation of a fundamental human difference. Influenced by the Epicurean tradition, Machiavelli's natural philosophy considers material entities as absolute singularities lacking internal teleological direction, their movement the productive result of contingent encounters. One cannot assume a natural or pre-social identity of desire between persons. Democracy is the ethically preferred regime because it is the one that is capable of facilitating the expression of this human uniqueness.
Reading Machiavelli and La Boétie with Lefort
Authors: Charreau Emmanuel
Published: April 2023

This article will explore the historical account and political actualisation of Machiavelli and La Boétie in the work of Claude Lefort. In the 1970s, Lefort renewed the interpretation of Machiavelli and La Boétie by underlining their common ‘radical humanism’. The long-overlooked insights into desire and social division of the two Renaissance thinkers underline the subversive potential of humanism against its common ideological and oligarchic uses. But the history of radical humanism cannot be separated from its topicality, as it is one of the germs of the democratic revolution. This radicalism echoes and inspires Lefort's agonistic theory of democracy. After Machiavelli and La Boétie, his work grapples with the continued dependency of the subjects on visible and invisible masters. Indeed, according to Lefort, contemporary societies long for certainty and remain haunted by servitude in the form of ideology (be it bourgeois, totalitarian or invisible).
TRANSFER OF THE CAPITAL FROM MOSCOW TO SIBERIA. PROBLEMS, MYTHS, REALITY
Authors: Plotnikov I. N.
Published: April 2023

The author conducts a new theoretical analysis of transferring capital from Moscow to Siberia in the article. The study is based on the growing number of publications and discussions after the speech of the Siberian and Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation S.K. Shoigu. Minister S.K. Shoigu proposed to analyse, discuss and work out a solution to the issue of creating new scientific, industrial and economic centres in Siberia to develop the Russian economy at a meeting with the scientific community of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. These centres must serve new cities with 300 thousand to a million inhabitants. In other words, these centres are a cluster with their developed infrastructure, research centres, with breakthrough technologies, where the development priority will be focused not only on the extractive industries but mainly on the processing industries. This idea was supported at the highest level in terms of the development of the economy of our country. A special military operation carried out on the territory of Ukraine has become a severe test for our state. This is practically a break in all relations - economic, cultural and other with the countries of the European Union and others, as well as an apparent enmity with elements of aggression against Russia. This was an impetus, a starting point to transfer the capital to Siberia. Of course, we are not talking about a momentary transfer of wealth - this is a very long process that requires colossal resources, the will of the people, and the desire of the country’s leadership. But we need to think about this already today so as not to repeat the mistake of past years, when during the war years, enterprises were located in an open field, including in Siberia, and several cities of the former USSR performed the functions of the capital in parallel.
MONITORING THE ECONOMIC GOALS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE RURAL TERRITORIES OF THE SIBERIAN FEDERAL DISTRICT
Authors: Ryumkina I. N. , Ryumkin S. V. , Teryutina M. M. , Egorova I. K. , Batueva M. B.
Published: April 2023

The authors presented an overview of the sustainable development goals (SDGs No. 8, 9) in the direction of “economy” in the Siberian Federal District of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to monitor economic goals in rural areas in the regions of the Siberian Federal District according to the indicators presented by the resolution of the UN General Assembly A/RES/70/1. At the forefront of these goals is the achievement of inclusive economic growth and decent work for all (SDG 8) in connection with the widespread creation and use of infrastructure capable of sustainable industrialisation and the use of innovation (SDG 9). It is critical to ensure the achievement of these goals in territories that are on the sidelines of economic growth and progress and thereby provide a decent life for the population of these territories. The need to study the level of economic development of rural areas is also essential because of the high degree of correlation between the development of agriculture in particular and the agro-industrial complex in general and the sustainable development of rural areas. Moreover, changing living conditions in different places are forcing the population to look for new homes. As a result, most of the population tends to large cities or suburbs. But cities alone cannot lead to economic growth; this requires resources precisely concentrated in sparsely populated areas, the development of which is capable of achieving the declared financial goals. Therefore, the authors also considered the factors influencing the achievement of these goals. The research methods were retrospective and statistical analyses. As a result of the study, proposals are presented for optimising economic actions and developing measures to effectively manage processes to achieve the financial goals of sustainable development in rural areas of the Siberian Federal District.
ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIAL GOALS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE RURAL TERRITORIES OF THE SIBERIAN FEDERAL DISTRICT
Authors: Ryumkina I. N. , Ryumkin S. V. , Tsynzak M. P. , Mankhanov A. D.
Published: April 2023

An overview of the sustainable development goals (SDGs No. 3, 4, 5) characterising the development of the social sphere in rural areas of the Siberian Federal District of the Russian Federation is presented. The purpose of the study is to analyse the achievement of the social goals of sustainable development in rural areas in the regions of the Siberian Federal District at the current moment, according to the indicators presented by the resolution of the UN General Assembly A/RES/70/1. Each of the suggested goals has its meaning and parameters of achievement. For example, Goal 3, “Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all ages,” is focused on maintaining the population’s health. Goal 4, “Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all”, priorities access to quality education for all and, most importantly, for all”. Goal No. 5 “, Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls” aims to eliminate the infringement of the rights of women and girls. However, the UN recommendatory documents do not explicitly define the indicators characterising the level of achievement of these goals. Therefore, using the available data from statistical bodies, the authors considered the accomplishment of these sustainable development goals through indirect indicators. Along with apparent indicators, such as the availability of healthcare facilities in rural areas, and the presence of educational organisations, the authors used indicators that characterise the preservation of the achieved level for each of the selected goals. In addition, the factors influencing the achievement of sustainable development goals are also considered. The research methods were retrospective and statistical analyses. During the study, indirect determinants were also analysed by year, influencing the development of sustainable development goals in the regions. Based on the survey results, proposals are presented for optimising the social situation in the Siberian Federal District and for effectively managing measures to achieve indicators that characterise the achievement of the selected goals for developing the social sphere in rural areas. This analysis is also essential from the point of view of the relationship between the development of agriculture and the agro-industrial complex with the sustainable development of rural areas. The social sphere is one of the facets that characterise the tightness of this relationship. Still, it is very significant and is under the close attention of authorities at all levels.
INFLUENCE OF ADDITIVES OF COMMON ORIGANUM AND MARSH CINQUEFOIL ON BIOINDICATION INDICATORS OF LARVAE GALLERIA MELLОNELLA L.
Authors: Miroshnikov P. N. , Tabanyukhov K. A. , Zhuchaev K. V. , Kochneva M. I.
Published: April 2023

Galleria mellоnella L. is one of the main pests in beekeeping. Therefore, scientists are studying Galleria mellоnella L. to find methods to combat it and as a model object for physiological and biochemical studies. In addition, some medicinal plants contain active substances that affect the physiological parameters of insects and even exhibit insecticidal properties. In the study, the authors evaluated the effect of additives from dry powders of common origanum and marsh cinquefoil on the dynamics of weight change, survival and uniformity of the metamorphic composition in the Galleria mellоnella L. Larvae of the third age were selected for the experiment. Additives were added to the insect food substrate at 10, 50 and 100 mg per 3 g of the standard diet. For 16 days, the mass of insects and the stage of their development were recorded in the experimental and control groups. The results showed that the supplements studied had a stimulating effect on larval growth at low doses. In the experimental groups, a trend towards faster development of larvae was found. The average daily weight gain per larva in all experimental groups was significantly (P<0.01) more significant than in the control group. At a dosage of 100 mg of joint origanum supplement, the survival rate of insects was minimal and amounted to 80%. At dosages of 50 and 100 mg of additions of common origanum and marsh cinquefoil, a violation of the homogeneity of the age composition was observed. The data obtained allow us to conclude that it is promising to study further the impact of marsh cinquefoil and common oreganum additives on insect pests.
INFLUENCE OF WHITE LUPINE ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF RAINBOW TROUT
Authors: Gaponov N. V. , Shlyapnikov S. M. , Chuguyev Yu. P.
Published: April 2023

The problems that have recently faced the Russian fish farm often require non-traditional solutions based on the introduction of advanced feeding technologies. Therefore, in the research process, the authors studied the fish-breeding, biological, morphological and biochemical characteristics of the rainbow trout of the Adler breed when grown in industrial conditions using native white lupine (with a shell) and without a shell as a source of protein in feeding. The data obtained from the experiments indicate more intensive gains in the experimental groups. The highest increase was obtained in the 3rd experimental group, where the diet structure contained white lupine without a shell in the amount of 22%. The absolute increase in this group was higher by 28.89%. In the 2nd experimental group, the growth was higher by 2.55%, and in the 4th experimental group, by 5.74%. The safety of trout in all experimental groups was almost the same. The cost in the 3rd experimental group to the control was lower by 32.24%, in the 2nd experimental group - by 7.94% and in the 4th - by 21.33%. The profit from the sale was also higher in the 3rd experimental group compared to the control group by 106%, in the 2nd experimental group - by 17.76% and in the 4th experimental group- by 47.9%. The study of white lupine in diet structures can become the basis for a fundamental expansion of knowledge about the biochemistry of fish protein nutrition and practical recommendations on using white lupine in mixed feed for rainbow trout.
INFLUENCE OF FRESH BIOLOGICAL CHICKEN DROPPINGS ON THE MICROBIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF LOW-PRODUCTIVE SODDY PODZOLIC SOIL
Authors: Shchukin N. N. , Pukhova N. Yu. , Sobolev V. D. , Brazhnik E. A.
Published: April 2023

The article presents fresh biological dropping of caged chickens in crop production. After a thorough study of its environmental friendliness to the environment, this new biological dropping will reduce the cost of poultry farms for the disposal of dropping and use for more efficient cultivation of crops on marginal lands. The experiment used a high dose of organic matter - 120 t/ha, applied by spreading (control - without fertilisers). Sequencing of the metagenomes of soil samples showed that the soil microbiome’s phylogenetic composition was preserved due to the introduction of bacterial-fermented probiotic dropping.

The authors also note that its taxonomic structure and functionality changed due to increased bacteria (with the different activity of taxa). Thus, the authors report an increase in the abundance of bacteria in the 1st sampling period from 6.9•107 to 1.3•108 copies/g of the soil of the 16S rRNA gene of bacteria in the plough horizon, and after 30 days - from 1.6•107 to 1.3×108 copies/g. For these purposes, opportunistic and pathogenic microorganisms in the fertilised soil found in all soil samples were also studied. A higher proportion of enterobacteria was noted in the control sample (0.6%), and with dropping, it did not exceed 0.15%. The content of pathogenic bacteria on a fertilised background in the 1st period of soil sampling practically did not change (0.7–0.8%), but in the 2nd period, it decreased sharply (from 2.5 to 1.1%). However, the authors note a decrease in the content of pathogenic bacteria. This decrease was accompanied by an increase in their abundance (from 3.9•105 to 1.4•106 copies/g), mainly Pseudomonas sp bacteria (from 2.1•105 to 9.3•105 copies/g), which is a consequence of a general increase in the abundance of bacteria in the microbiome against the background of enrichment of the soil with organic matter and an increase in soil fertility. The authors did not reveal a significant negative microbiological effect after the action of fresh biological chicken dropping on the soil’s ecological state at the specified research stage.
Outpatient telemedicine in neurosurgery: 15,677 consecutive encounters in a comparative analysis of its effectiveness and impact on the surgical conversion rate
Authors: Hopkins Benjamin S. , Cloney Michael B. , Texakalidis Pavlos , Karras Constantine L. , El Tecle Najib , Swong Kevin , Ganju Aruna , Stricsek Geoffrey , Wolinksy Jean-Paul , Potts Matthew B. , Jahromi Babak S. , Koski Tyler , Dahdaleh Nader S.
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has necessitated the use of telehealth visits (THVs). The effects on neurosurgical practice have not been well characterized, especially concerning new-patient THVs. Therefore, the authors of this study reviewed their institution’s experience with outpatient clinic visits and THVs from before the COVID-19 pandemic to the present to focus on clinical metrics, rates of surgery, and the effects of implementing THVs in order to better understand their implications for clinical practice as more data emerge over time.

METHODS

The authors reviewed 15,677 consecutive new outpatient in-person visits (IPVs), THVs, and neurosurgical procedures/cases proceeding from their institution between 2018 and 2022 for trends and associations related to THVs.

RESULTS

Among spine patients, there was no difference in the proportion of encounters that led to surgery (surgical conversion rate) between THVs and IPVs (p = 0.49). Among cranial patients, THVs were negatively associated with conversion (OR 0.73, p = 0.03). On average, patients using THVs lived further from the hospital (p < 0.001); however, the patient catchment area appeared unchanged. The median distance to the hospital among THV patients was counterbalanced by a decreased distance for spine patients pursing IPVs (p < 0.001), with no significant change to case volume. There was no change in distance to the hospital among cranial patients. For both cranial and spine patients, surgical conversion was more likely among those who lived a great distance from the hospital if their initial encounter was an IPV (p = 0.007 and < 0.001, respectively). However, there was no relationship between distance from the hospital and surgical conversion among THV patients (p = 0.565). The availability of THVs did not significantly affect follow-up time (p = 0.837). For new patients at IPVs, there was no difference in time to the operating room between cranial and spine cases; for new patients at THVs, however, time to the operating room was significantly faster for cranial cases than for spine cases (p = 0.0018).

CONCLUSIONS

Compared to IPVs, THVs lead to decreased surgical conversion for cranial patients but not spine patients. THVs do not appear to increase the catchment area. For patients who live far from the hospital, an IPV is associated with surgical conversion. Surgical conversion is faster following cranial THVs than after spine THVs. THVs did not increase the duration of follow-up.
Neurosurgical outcomes of pediatric cerebral venous sinus thrombosis following acute mastoiditis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Victor M. , Abou-Al-Shaar Hussam , Rangwala Shivani D. , Kappel Ari D. , Lehman Laura L. , Orbach Darren B. , See Alfred P.
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE

Neurosurgical outcomes are not well defined in the management of pediatric patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) following acute mastoiditis. Specific notable sequelae are otogenic (otitic) hydrocephalus and CVST management. Correspondingly, the aim of this study was to integrate the currently published metadata to summarize these outcomes.

METHODS

Electronic searches were performed using the Ovid Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases from inception to November 2022 following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Cohort-level data were then abstracted for analysis for appropriate pediatric patients. Outcomes were pooled by random-effects meta-analyses of proportions where possible.

RESULTS

Twenty-three study cohorts describing 312 pediatric patients with otogenic CVST were included. At a cohort level, the median patient age was 6 years among 181 boys (58%) and 131 girls (42%). Modeling indicated papilledema at presentation in 46% of cases (95% CI 30%–62%). Regarding management, antibiotics were applied universally in all cases, mastoidectomy or other otologic surgery was performed in 91% (95% CI 82%–98%), and prophylactic anticoagulation was administered in 86% (95% CI 75%–95%). There was only 1 case (0.3%) of postprocedural intracranial hemorrhage, and there were no deaths reported among all studies. Although diagnostic lumbar puncture was performed in 14% (95% CI 3%–28%) at presentation, clinical otogenic hydrocephalus was ultimately suspected in 31% (95% CI 14%–49%), and acetazolamide was given in 65% (95% CI 35%–91%) overall. There were 10 cases (3%) that proceeded to permanent CSF diversion in the form of ventricular shunting. At a median follow-up of 8 months among all studies, the venous sinus was completely recanalized in 67% (95% CI 53%–79%).

CONCLUSIONS

Most CVSTs following acute mastoiditis will recanalize with the standard use of antibiotics, otologic surgery, and anticoagulation, with minimal symptomatic hemorrhage risk. However, an appreciable proportion of these patients will develop symptomatic otogenic hydrocephalus, and it is imperative that the appropriate surveillance and workup is performed to fully optimize patient outcomes long-term. The possible need for permanent CSF diversion should be recognized.
Natural history of adult spinal deformity: how do patients with suboptimal surgical outcomes fare relative to nonoperative counterparts?
Authors: Passias Peter G. , Joujon-Roche Rachel , Mir Jamshaid M. , Williamson Tyler K. , Tretiakov Peter S. , Imbo Bailey , Krol Oscar , Passfall Lara , Ahmad Salman , Lebovic Jordan , Owusu-Sarpong Stephane , Lanre-Amos Tomi , Protopsaltis Themistocles , Lafage Renaud , Lafage Virginie , Park Paul , Chou Dean , Mummaneni Praveen V. , Fu Kai-Ming G. , Than Khoi D. , Smith Justin S. , Janjua M. Burhan , Schoenfeld Andrew J. , Diebo Bassel G. , Vira Shaleen
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE

Management of adult spinal deformity (ASD) has increasingly favored operative intervention; however, the incidence of complications and reoperations is high, and patients may fail to achieve idealized postsurgical results. This study compared health-related quality of life (HRQOL) metrics between patients with suboptimal surgical outcomes and those who underwent nonoperative management as a proxy for the natural history (NH) of ASD.

METHODS

ASD patients with 2-year data were included. Patients who were offered surgery but declined were considered nonoperative (i.e., NH) patients. Operative patients with suboptimal outcome (SOp)—defined as any reoperation, major complication, or ≥ 2 severe Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)–Schwab modifiers at follow-up—were selected for comparison. Propensity score matching (PSM) on the basis of baseline age, deformity, SRS-22 Total, and Charlson Comorbidity Index score was used to match the groups. ANCOVA and stepwise logistic regression analysis were used to assess outcomes between groups at 2 years.

RESULTS

In total, 441 patients were included (267 SOp and 174 NH patients). After PSM, 142 patients remained (71 SOp 71 and 71 NH patients). At baseline, the SOp and NH groups had similar demographic characteristics, HRQOL, and deformity (all p > 0.05). At 2 years, ANCOVA determined that NH patients had worse deformity as measured with sagittal vertical axis (36.7 mm vs 21.3 mm, p = 0.025), mismatch between pelvic incidence and lumbar lordosis (11.9° vs 2.9°, p < 0.001), and pelvic tilt (PT) (23.1° vs 20.7°, p = 0.019). The adjusted regression analysis found that SOp patients had higher odds of reaching the minimal clinically important differences in Oswestry Disability Index score (OR [95% CI] 4.5 [1.7–11.5], p = 0.002), SRS-22 Activity (OR [95% CI] 3.2 [1.5–6.8], p = 0.002), SRS-22 Pain (OR [95% CI] 2.8 [1.4–5.9], p = 0.005), and SRS-22 Total (OR [95% CI] 11.0 [3.5–34.4], p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Operative patients with SOp still experience greater improvements in deformity and HRQOL relative to the progressive radiographic and functional deterioration associated with the NH of ASD. The NH of nonoperative management should be accounted for when weighing the risks and benefits of operative intervention for ASD.
Risk factors for sacral fracture following en bloc chordoma resection
Authors: Mikula Anthony L. , Pennington Zach , Lakomkin Nikita , Prablek Marc , Amini Behrang , Karim S. Mohammed , Patel Shalin S. , Lubelski Daniel , Sciubba Daniel M. , Alvarez-Breckenridge Christopher , North Robert Y. , Tatsui Claudio E. , Bydon Mohamad , Fogelson Jeremy L. , Elder Benjamin D. , Krauss William E. , Bird Justin E. , Rose Peter S. , Clarke Michelle J. , Rhines Laurence D.
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to analyze risk factors for sacral fracture following noninstrumented partial sacral amputation for en bloc chordoma resection.

METHODS

A multicenter retrospective chart review identified patients who underwent noninstrumented partial sacral amputation for en bloc chordoma resection with pre- and postoperative imaging. Hounsfield units (HU) were measured in the S1 level. Sacral amputation level nomenclature was based on the highest sacral level with bone removed (e.g., S1 foramen amputation at the S1–2 vestigial disc is an S2 sacral amputation). Variables collected included basic demographics, patient comorbidities, surgical approach, preoperative radiographic details, neoadjuvant and adjuvant radiation therapy, and postoperative sacral fracture data.

RESULTS

A total of 101 patients (60 men, 41 women) were included; they had an average age of 69 years, BMI of 29 kg/m2, and follow-up of 60 months. The sacral amputation level was S1 (2%), S2 (37%), S3 (44%), S4 (9%), and S5 (9%). Patients had a posterior-only approach (77%) or a combined anterior–posterior approach (23%), with 10 patients (10%) having partial sacroiliac (SI) joint resection. Twenty-seven patients (27%) suffered a postoperative sacral fracture, all occurring between 1 and 7 months after the index surgery. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated S1 or S2 sacral amputation level (p = 0.001), combined anterior–posterior approach (p = 0.0064), and low superior S1 HU (p = 0.027) to be independent predictors of sacral fracture. The fracture rate for patients with superior S1 HU < 225, 225–300, and > 300 was 38%, 15%, and 9%, respectively. An optimal superior S1 HU cutoff of 300 was found to maximize sensitivity (89%) and specificity (42%) in predicting postamputation sacral fracture. In addition, the fracture rate for patients who underwent partial SI joint resection was 100%.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with S1 or S2 partial sacral amputations, a combined anterior–posterior surgical approach, low superior S1 HU, and partial SI joint resection are at higher risk for postoperative sacral fracture following en bloc chordoma resection and should be considered for spinopelvic instrumentation at the index procedure.
SPIRIT AT WORK FROM WORK MOTIVATION ASPECTS, WORK DISCIPLINE AND PHYSICAL WORK ENVIRONMENT: EMPIRICAL STUDY
Authors: Fahrur Rozy  , Purbo Jadmiko
Published: April 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of work motivation, work discipline, and physical work environment on employee spirit at work at the Pariaman City Fire Department. This research was conducted at the Pariaman City Fire Department. The population in this study was 72 people. This sampling method is the census method. The type of data used is primary data through questionnaires. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that work motivation, work discipline, and physical work environment had a positive effect on work spirit at work. The implication that can be made from the results of this research is to continue to transform in terms of maintaining employee spirit at work. The proportion of respondents who are dominated by men is one of the limitations of the generalization of the results of the study.
The Museums of Science and Technology: From a Collection of Technical Innovations to Historico-Technical Collections
Authors: Platonova Maria
Published: April 2023

The emergence of the museums of science and technology is associated with many factors such as the Industrial Revolution, the interest in collecting, and society’s demand for education and training. As a rule, museums were created based on already assembled collections or by organizing major exhibitions in order to collect relevant objects. The article discusses the history and goals of establishing two largest science and technology museums in Europe, the Kensington Museum (Science Museum) in London and the Conservatoire national des arts et métiers in Paris, and the Polytechnic Museum in Moscow, whose creation was influenced by the aforementioned European museums. The article also analyzes the shifts in the composition of collections in these three museums, depending on their maturity, and shifts in the attitude towards “aging” items. Based on museum catalogs and other published sources, the development of museum collections is traced from the predominance of new technologies to the formation of historico-technical collections.
Early Studies of Ice Strength Properties for the Purposes of Icebreaker Construction in Russia
Authors: Sazonov Kirill
Published: April 2023

Icebreaker construction that began to develop in Russia and Europe in the second half of the 19th century dictated the need for seafarers and shipbuilders to study the ice covers of the freezing waters as navigation environment. One of the most important characteristics on which the ships’ ice-breaking capabilities depend is ice strength. The problem of sea and freshwater ice strength was particularly urgent for Vice Admiral S. O. Makarov when he was putting the case for building the first Arctic icebreaker Yermak. It was for this reason that he initiated these studies. At about the same time, a renowned shipbuilder V. I. Afanasiev also came to the conclusion that it was necessary to study ice strength properties, and carried out a number of experiments together with his son. Makarov engaged A. N. Krylov, Superintendent of the Towing Tank, in the experimental data analysis. The article describes the history of, and analyzes the conclusions from, these experiments that for a long time remained the only source of data on strength properties of sea and freshwater ice.
The Concept of Dissipative Structures – Formulated by Whom?
Authors: Pechenkin Alexander
Published: April 2023

The concept of dissipative structures may be regarded as one of the important concepts in modern science. It is also present in philosophical literature as well as in scientific journalism. This concept is traditionally associated with the works of Ilya Prigogine and his colleagues, published in the 1970s–1980s. Recently, however, the name of Alan Turing, a major figure in the 20th century science and one of the founders of modern computer science who in 1952 published a paper on morphogenesis, began to be mentioned in connection with the notion of dissipative structures. We agree that this notion can be traced back to this paper by Turing. However, the concept of dissipative systems was formulated within the conceptual framework of Prigogine and his co-authors.
Procedural status of a member of the election commission
Authors: Turischeva Natalia Yu.
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the issues of the procedural status of members of election commissions as collegiate bodies entrusted with the performance of publicly significant functions in the field of organizing elections. The presence of their own jurisdictional powers of election commissions brings to the fore the issues of the content of the procedural status of their members. The dualistic nature of the status of a member of an election commission consists in the exercise of one's own individual powers and the powers of a member of an election commission as a collegial body. Regardless of the level of the commission itself, one can speak of the universality of the procedural status of a member of the election commission, based on ensuring the tasks of exercising electoral rights and forming public authorities. In 2022, changes were made to the electoral legislation that change the system of electoral commissions with the simultaneous exclusion of members with the right to consultative vote in the commissions of the middle and lower levels. The author comes to the conclusion that the change in the structure of the commissions changes the functional component of the procedural status of a member of the territorial election commission. The introduction of innovations neutralizes the internal conflict of the status of a member of the commission, whose powers are returned to the mainstream understood in the broadest sense of observance and protection of electoral rights. The analyzed changes in the electoral legislation reflect the shift of the center of the constitutional and legal protection of electoral rights from the sphere of realization of the individual interests of the participants in the electoral process towards ensuring objective control when establishing the voting results.
Academician V.V. Laptev on the main component of Economic (Entrepreneurial) Law
Authors: Kleandrov Mikhail I.
Published: April 2023

In the article, the main, basic component of Economic (Entrepreneurial) Law, which is the main achievement of Academician V.V. Laptev, as an independent branch of law, branch of legal science, branch of legislation and academic discipline is defined as an organic combination of legal regulation of economic activity (entrepreneurial) and its management. In fact, it is an organic combination of private law and public law principles. Noting that the development of this industry, according to scientists, went through three stages during the Soviet period, called: “two-sector” theory (20s), a single pre-war theory (the second half of the 30s) and the post-war so-called “addressee” theory, the author believes that Entrepreneurial Law as well as the Economic Law of the market economy - this is the fourth stage, which is another significant scientific achievement of V.V. Laptev. The author has made 10 conclusions and makes appropriate proposals
About alternative legal constructions of regulation of financial relations
Authors: Zapolsky Sergey V.
Published: April 2023

The article examines alternative legal institutions for the regulation of financial relations, the causes of which are, on the one hand, a change in the principles of the international financial system and the need to counter geopolitical risks, and on the other hand, the imperfection of the mechanism of financial and legal regulation, including the inconsistency of financial and legal norms, as well as the firm opinion that the Financial Law does not have its own legal instruments, etc. By alternative legal constructions, the authors of the article understand the action of legal instrument, the use of which is dictated by non-standard or not foreseen situations in the course of legal regulation of financial relations. Without excluding the possibility of using alternative legal regulation in some situations, the authors formulate a conclusion that the application of this approach should not cause the invariance of the actions of the law enforcer: the choice between legal and semi-legal regulation of financial relations. The alternative approach should be seen as restorative and subsidiary to the mainstream legal regime
Evolution of the form of governance in the Republic of Armenia
Authors: Hakobyan Hranush
Published: April 2023

The article relates to the evolution of the form of governance in the process of state and constitutional construction of the Republic of Armenia, the mechanisms of separation of branches of state power under different forms of governance, the mechanisms of ensuring balance, restraints and counterbalances, the powers of state institutions, their relations, as well as issues of mutual control. The theoretical basis of the article is the scientific works dedicated to the forms of mutual control. The normative-legal basis of the study is the Constitution of the Republic of Armenia of 1995 and the constitutional amendments of 2005 and 2015, as well as the Constitution of the Russian Federation and constitutions other states. Using both the general research methods (historical, analytical) and special legal methods (systemic-structural, comparative legal) to study the topic, the authors analyzed the constitutional legislation of the Republic of Armenia and the experience of public administration of the last thirty years, identified the existing theoretical and practical problems, conclusions are formulated
Formation and development of branches of law in the historical and modern legal reality of Russia: in 12 vols. Vol. VIII Administrative Law in the system of modern Russian law / ed. by R.L. Khachaturov, A.P. Shergin
Authors: Arzamasov Yuriy G.
Published: April 2023

The review analyzes the content of the collective monograph “Administrative Law in the system of modern Russian law”, which examined the theoretical, methodological and applied problems of modern Administrative Law. It is emphasized that the book under review, on the one hand, acts as a kind of guide to various issues of Administrative Law, and on the other hand - is a systematic fundamental scientific research of industry nature.
It is concluded that there are three types of chapters in the monograph: first, these are the classical chapters (subject of Administrative Law, administrative legal relationship, administrative enforcement, etc.); secondly, these are new chapters prompted to the authors by the ongoing changes in modern realities; thirdly, these are classic discussion topics. It is noted that the work under review is relevant, scientific, systematic, therefore it will take its rightful place in the library of modern scientific works on Administrative Law.
Мова як національний бренд-утворюючий чинник України
Authors: Білецька Оксана
Published: April 2023

Мета статті — дослідити мову як інструмент культурної дипломатії України, як чинник національного брендингу нашої держави з огляду на військову агресію рф та засіб популяризації національного іміджу «незламності» українського суспільства; обґрунтувати феномен поширення та масового вивчення української мови у світі в 2022 році. Результати дослідження показують, що в сучасному світі міжнародний діалог та міжнародна взаємодія спираються на публічну дипломатію — важливу частину стратегічних комунікацій держави. До початку російського вторгнення у 2014 році міжнародний імідж та репутація України у світі формувалися під впливом різних чинників, на які значно впливав факт минулого перебування нашої країни у складі Радянського Союзу, пережитки якого сприяли формуванню викривлених та хибних уявлень про державу в певних регіонах світу. Проте саме ці обставини наштовхнули офіційну владу на пошуки ефективного інструментарію у сфері «м’якої сили», нового засобу промоції України за кордоном — впізнаваності країни та її культурного розмаїття. А початок «денацифікації» України наприкінці лютого 2022 року, як спроба рф зупинити незворотні культурні зміни, зворотно від своєї мети став рушійним поштовхом піднесення української мови та каталізатором культурних змін, які не лише зміцнили українську національну ідентичність та посилили стійкість українського населення, але й популяризували українську мову в міжнародній спільноті. Наукова новизна полягає в дослідженні «української мови» як потужного бренд-утворюючого чинника національного брендингу України в умовах військової агресії рф, що сприяє реалізації стратегій публічної дипломатії та формуванню позитивно привабливого іміджу країни на міжнародній арені. Висновки. Проведене дослідження дає змогу стверджувати, що мова є інструментом культурного брендингу і, відповідно до стратегій публічної дипломатії, стає потужним елементом у пізнанні культурної спадщини країн та окремих регіонів, що впливає на формування брендингу нації та країни загалом. Ставши світовим брендом 2022 року — символом «стійкості й нескореності», українська мова набула надзвичайної популярності за показниками вивчення у світі серед представників міжнародної спільноти.
Сучасна українська естрадна пісня як засіб трансляції культурної ідентичності
Authors: Бурлака Анна
Published: April 2023

Мета статті — виявити особливості сучасної української естрадної пісні як засобу трансляції культурної ідентичності. Результати дослідження. У процесі системного культурологічного аналізу сучасної української естрадної пісні як явища культури було конкретизовано соціокультурну модель і сутність українського феномену культурної ідентичності. Сучасна українська естрадна пісня визначена як культуровідтворюючий, культуротранслюючий та культурогенеруючий феномен. Наукова новизна. Досліджено сучасну українську естрадну пісню в контексті феномену культурної ідентичності; розглянуто місце і значення української естрадної пісні в соціокультурному житті українського народу; проаналізовано вимоги до сучасної української естрадної пісні як соціокультурного феномену. Висновки. Українська естрадна пісня — важлива частина соціокультурного життя сучасного суспільства, соціальною функцією якої є визначення ціннісних орієнтирів, укріплення морально-етичних норм, формування художньо-естетичного смаку, збереження та розвиток національних традицій. Сучасні українські естрадні виконавці маніфестують нову модель суспільної свідомості, яка визнає і поважає право нації на самостійність і незалежність. Власне, через їх художнє самовираження можна побачити картину світу сучасного українця — такого, яким би він хотів себе бачити та відчувати. Українська естрадна пісня є унікальним транслятором культурної ідентичності завдяки відповідному інструментарію етичного впливу на людину — емоційному співпереживанню як ідентифікації настрою реципієнта з сенсовим розгортанням музичного твору. Перспективи подальших досліджень полягають у комплексному аналізі проблематики розвитку української естрадної пісні як засобу трансляції культурної ідентичності в контексті російського військового вторгнення та його впливу на культуротворчу функцію естрадного мистецтва.
Assessment of Serum Interleukin-2, -4 and C-reactive protein Levels in patients with Giardiasis and Cryptosporidiosis
Authors: Shakir Mohammed J. , Hussein Areej A.
Published: April 2023

Background: Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium parvum are recognized as important health problem in different countries. Humans may infect by two parasites at different age groups. But more common in countries with poor sanitation and unsafe water.  Cellular and humoral response is engaged by the host to fight against parasitic infection, cytokines are produced by CD4 of payer's patches or generated from the mucosa lymphoid tissue as result of long duration antigen stimulation via trophozoites or cyst stage or others.    
Objectives: To evaluate the levels of IL-2, -4 and C- reactive protein in the sera of patients with                Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium parvum.
Materials and methods: A total of 142 patients with diarrhea (56 males, 86 females) and compared with 60 healthy looking controls (10 male, 50 female). Attended to the central teaching hospital for pediatric in Baghdad city - Iraq, between 1st April 2012 till 1st August 2013. The diagnosis was established based on direct microscopic examination of stool and Cer Test Crypto-Giardia card, is a one-step colored chromatographic immunoassay. The patients serum had been tested for IL-2, -4 by used Enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), while the concentration of C- reactive protein was determined by auto chemistry analyzer.
Results: The results of laboratory diagnosis revealed that 61 cases infected with Giardiasis, 31cases infected with Cryptosporidiosis and 50 cases infected with double infection. levels of IL-2, -4 and CRP in serum patients with Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium parvum was increase when comparing with the healthy looking controls, the statistical analysis  shows no significant difference (p<0.05) between infected groups.
 Conclusion: Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium parvum infections had significant effects on  IL-2, -4 and CRP levels.