bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Social Studies Animation Video (S2AV) Teaching Materials on the Material "Plurality of Indonesian Society" for Junior High School Students
Authors: Arif Viky Risnanda , Afnan Muhammad , Usmiyatun Usmiyatun , Lestari Cicik Yuni
Published: November 2023

Teaching materials are a resource for teachers and students to carry out the learning process. Therefore, it is necessary to develop innovative teaching materials that enable students to achieve superior learning outcomes. One of the innovative and creative and interesting teaching materials is the Social Sciences Animation Video-Based Teaching Material (S2AV). In this study, the aim of this study was to commercialize social studies teaching materials by using animated videos as teaching materials for class VIII junior high school students on the subject of "Indonesian Community Plurality". This development research uses the 4-D method (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). The results showed that the S2AV learning media was valid with an average total score of 3.83 based on material expert validation and 3.87 based on media expert validation. The response of the eighth graders was positive (97%).
Game-Based Science Learning: What are the Problems with Teachers Practicing It in Class?
Authors: Avdiu Schabas
Published: November 2023

Middle school science learning prioritizes class literacy through independent, integrated learning, only text, without any activity in the learning process. Contemporary literary studies show constant changes in the world of learning and teaching, and for many years, learning through play has been considered one of the most effective ways to learn something. This research aims to understand the pedagogical methods used in learning through play and the importance of these methods in the teaching process in elementary schools. This research involved five teachers from several secondary schools in Serbia: semi-structured interviews, researcher observation and class participation. The results of this research are based on descriptive analysis from the teacher's perspective. Based on the research results and researchers' comments, it can be understood that game-based learning in secondary schools in Austria is a popular pedagogy, creating a fun and adequate game-based learning context for children. In addition, the results of this study describe the activities carried out by the teacher, how the mechanism works, what the obstacles are, the solutions used in different subjects and the differences in the abilities and skills children develop through play. According to teachers, learning through play always poses challenges related to research, designing various play activities, and adapting learning to students' needs and interests
Conquering IMO Problems in Brazil by Recognizing the Didactic Situation, Mathematics Teachers Must Know!
Authors: Santiago Paulo Vitor da Silva , Darmayanti Rani , Sugianto Rahmad
Published: November 2023

Siswa Brasil, berkat kepiawaiannya dalam menaklukkan melalui strategi dan teknik dalam memecahkan masalah dalam soal, telah membuat mereka terkenal di International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO). Ini mengakibatkan keikutsertaannya dalam berbagai kompetisi dengan penghargaan seperti medali dan sebutan kehormatan. Karya ini bertujuan untuk menyajikan guru matematika dengan Situasi Didaktik Olimpiade internasional untuk mengajar di sekitar segitiga apa pun dengan dukungan perangkat lunak GeoGebra. Untuk itu Rekayasa Didaktik digunakan sebagai jalur metodologis dalam empat fase (analisis pendahuluan, desain dan analisis apriori, eksperimentasi, estimasi posteriori, dan formulasi) dan diorganisasikan ke dalam empat tahap Teori Situasi Didaktik. Akhirnya, seseorang dapat menyimpulkan hubungan dalam bidang epistemik matematika dari model yang dibangun dengan alat GeoGebra melalui pengetahuan representasi geometrisnya ketika mempertimbangkan penyisipan titik-titik penting dari sebuah segitiga. Selain itu, perlu disebutkan bahwa Circumcenter Teaching dibahas dalam pengalaman didaktis selama pandemi Covid-19 melalui proposisi tentang Olimpiade. Dan dapat dipahami bahwa Rekayasa Didaktik berdasarkan Teori Situasi Didaktik memungkinkan transposisi didaktis model matematika non-trivial.
Technology in Mathematics Teaching and Learning: An Impact Evaluation in Selected Senior Schools in Masingbi Town
Authors: Karim Samuel , Zoker Exton Mohamed
Published: November 2023

The analysis is based on a detailed evaluation of primary data collected through case studies, questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews in Senior secondary schools in Masingbi. Mathematics education learning is explored to understand the issues surrounding Technology integration. This study shows that despite the perceived advantages of Technology integrated teaching and learning methods, there are barriers closely connected to teachers’ teaching beliefs at work. Most educators admitted the lack of ongoing professional training programs and curriculum expectations as among the factors that affect their attitudes towards Technology in their respective Teaching and learning schools. Further empirical research is suggested to advance the exploration of the role of subject leaders in Technology -integrated Teaching and learning methods. This research provides an in-depth analysis of the exploration of own practice and mathematics teachers' perceptions on integrating Technology into teaching. The total sample size of respondents was sixty (60), and both simple random sampling technique was used to develop samples of Teachers and Pupils, while a purposive sampling technique was used to develop the sample for the Principals or Heads of Schools of the three selected senior schools in Masingbi as respondents
The Influence of Self-Leadership and Self-Motivation on Interest in Entrepreneurship in Management Study Program Students, STIE Eka Prasetya Medan
Authors: Citra Dewi
Published: November 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of Self Leadership on Entrepreneurial Interest at STIE Eka Prasetya, determine the effect of Self Motivation on Entrepreneurial Interest at STIE Eka Prasetya, determine the effect of Self Leadership and Self Motivation on Entrepreneurial Interest at STIE Eka Prasetya. The population is all students of the management study program STIE Eka Prasetya period 2015 to 2019. Using the Slovin formula an error rate of 10%, a total sample of 91 respondents was obtained. The results showed that the Self Leadership and Self Motivation partially have a positive and significant effect on Student Entrepreneurial Interest in management study program at STIE Eka Prasetya. The results showed that Self Leadership and Self Motivation have a positive and significant effect on Entrepreneurial Interest in STIE Eka Prasetya. The results of this study are supported by the value of R square (R2) which means that Self Leadership and Self Motivation have an effect on the Entrepreneurial Interest. While the remaining is influenced by other factors originating from outside the research model such as the availability of capital, talent, creativity, innovation, networking and communication.
The Effect of Profitability, Leverage and Dividend Payout Ratio on Profit Smoothing in Manufacturing Companies Listed on the IDX for the 2018 – 2020 Period
Authors: Weny Nurwendari  , Rini Herliani  , Ulfa Nurhayani
Published: November 2023

Income smoothing is an action that is deliberately carried out by management to regulate the profits presented in the financial statements in accordance with the normal level of profit desired by the company's management. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Profitability, Leverage and Dividend Payout Ratio on Income Smoothing in Manufacturing Companies Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange for year 2018-2020. The population in this study were all manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018 - 2020 as many as 193 companies. Based on the results of this study indicate that profitability partially has a significant negative effect on income smoothing, it can be proven that the significant value is 0.001 <0.05. Leverage partially has no effect on income smoothing, it can be proven that the significant value is 0.113 > 0.05. Dividend payout ratio partially has a significant negative effect on income smoothing, it can be proven that the significant value is 0.009 <0.05. Profitability, leverage and dividend payout ratio simultaneously affect income smoothing. It can be proven that the calculated F value is 5.181 and the f table value is 2.83, where the calculated f value is greater than the f table value, namely 5.181 > 2.83 with a significance value of 0.004 <0.05.
The Effect of Responsiveness and Location on Customer Satisfaction on Service Users of Yevame Laundry Medan
Authors: T Teviana
Published: November 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of Responsiveness and Location on Customer Satisfaction of Yevame Laundry Service Users in Medan. This study used a quantitative method with a sampling technique using a purposive sampling technique, with a total sample of 97 people who had used the services of Yevame Laundry Medan. The data collection technique in this study was carried out by distributing questionnaires whose measurements were using a Likert scale and statistically processed using multiple linear regression analysis and hypothesis testing with the F-test, T-test and Coefficient of Determination, previously the data had been tested using the validity test. reliability and classical assumption test. Data processing uses the SPSS 18.00 program for windows. Partially responsiveness and location have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction for users of yevame laundry Medan. Based on the results of the study, it shows that responsiveness and location variables simultaneously influence customer satisfaction. This can be seen from the calculated F value > Ftable (200.632 > 3.09) and a significant value of 0.000 <0.05. The coefficient of determination test shows a value of 0.806 which means that responsiveness and location affect customer satisfaction by 80.6% while the rest is influenced by other variables.
The Influence of Marketing Mix on Buying Decisions at Dunia Dolls Stores Medan
Authors: Dedy Lazuardi  , Ihdina Gustina
Published: November 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of products on purchasing decisions in the world of dolls, determine the effect of prices on purchasing decisions in the world of dolls, and determine the effect of products and prices on purchasing decisions in dolls world The research population that will be used in the study are all consumers who made purchases at the company during the 2020 period as many as 716 consumers. By using the Slovin formula with an error rate of 10%, the number of samples obtained is 88 respondents. The results showed that the product and price partially had a positive and significant effect on the consumer purchasing decisions of the Doll World. The results showed that the product and price simultaneously had a positive and significant effect on the consumer purchasing decisions of the Doll World. The results of this study are supported by the value of R square (R2), which means that product and price have an influence on purchasing decisions. While the rest is influenced by other factors that come from outside this research model such as location, product design, price discount, service, loyalty, satisfaction, service and other variables.
Analysis of Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction on Customer Loyalty
Authors: Ihdina Gustina  , Dedy Lazuardi  , Zulkarnain Siregar
Published: November 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of Service Quality on Customer Loyalty at Jhon Electro, to determine the effect of Customer Satisfaction on Customer Loyalty at Jhon Electro, to determine the effect of Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction on Customer Loyalty at Jhon Electro. The research population that will be used in the study are all customers who made purchases at the company during the 2020 period as many as 173 customers. By using the Slovin formula with an error rate of 5%, the total sample size is 121 respondents. The results showed that Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction partially had a positive and significant effect on Jhon Electro's customer loyalty. The results showed that Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction simultaneously had a positive and significant effect on Jhon Electro's customer loyalty. The results of this study are supported by the value of R square (R2) which means that Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction have an influence on Customer Loyalty. While the rest is influenced by other factors that come from outside this research model such as price discounts, advertising, customer behavior, price, location and other variables.
Analysis of Profit Management in Agricultural Companies in the Plantation Sub Sector Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, Through PPH Rates and Tax Planning
Authors: Putri Wahyuni  , Muammar Rinaldi
Published: November 2023

This study aims to determine whether the corporate income tax rate and tax planning have a significant effect on earnings management in agricultural companies in the plantation sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The population in this study are plantation sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange as many as 19 companies. The research sample was 6 companies with purposive sampling technique. The results showed that corporate income tax rates had no significant effect on earnings management in plantation sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, while tax planning had a significant effect on earnings management in plantation sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia stock exchange. The results of the F test show that the variables of Corporate Income Tax Rate and Tax Planning have a significant effect on Earning Management in plantation sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The results of the coefficient of determination test indicate that the Earnings Management variable can be explained by the Corporate Income Tax Tariff and Tax Planning variables, while the remaining Earnings Management variables can be explained by other variables not examined in this study such as Leverage and Financial Performance.
Analysis of Customer Decision Determinants in Choosing Islamic Banking Products
Authors: Vidya Fathimah
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis apa saja faktor yang menjadi penentu nasabah memutuskan untuk memilih produk pembiayaan Kredit Pemilikan Rumah (KPR) perbankan syariah, dan juga menganalisis bagaimana kepuasan nasabah setelah memakai produk pembiayaan KPR perbankan syariah. Penelitian ini dilakukan di bank Bank Negara Indonesia  Syariah yang sekarang menjadi Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI). Adapun teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode wawancara, observasi, dan studi literartur. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ada beberapa faktor yang menjadi keputusan nasabah dalam memilih melakukan pembiayaan KPR di Bank Syariah Indonesia yaitu terhindar dari riba, angsuran tetap, tidak adanya denda, apabila terjadi krisis moneter bank syariah tidak mudah bangkrut. Dan selanjutnya setelah dilakukan pembiayaan KPR selama lima puluh dua bulan, nasabah merasa kecewa, karena nasabah ingin melakukan pelunasan tetapi angka angsuran pokok masih sangat besar yang harus dilunasi. Hal itu disebabkan karena pihak bank syariah memasukkan nilai angsuran nasabah lebih besar ke angsuran margin dari pada angsuran pokok ketika membayar cicilan.
Biotransformation of the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes to bioethanol
Authors: Chávez-Escalante G. , Méndez-González F. , Espinosa-Ramírez B.H. , Estrada-Martínez R.
Published: November 2023

Poor management of municipal solids wastes is leading to pollution of the oceans, causing flooding, transmitting diseases, and affecting flora and fauna worldwide. Of municipal solids wastes, 52% represent organic fraction, which, due to their carbohydrate content are likely to be used for the generation of bioethanol by liquid or solid fermentation. For this, various process configurations have been developed, which include studies of strain selection, substrate pre-treatment, and type of bioreactor. With this, bioethanol production yields from 30 to 100 g/L were obtained from different organic wastes. However, it is necessary to optimize operating conditions to ensure a profitable process at the industrial level.
Contexto de los bioplaguicidas comerciales de base fúngica en México
Authors: Castillo-Minjarez J. M.
Published: November 2023

Existe una tendencia internacional hacia la sostenibilidad que demanda una transformación de las áreas agrícolas productoras de alimentos, ya que existen efectos negativos sobre el ambiente y la salud de los consumidores derivados de la aplicación de productos químicos. Es necesario el uso de alternativas naturales que permitan la generación de alimentos inocuos, acompañadas de un soporte legislativo que oriente los sistemas de producción agrícola hacia un desarrollo sostenible. México ha ratificado el cumplimiento de los compromisos internacionales que promueven la aplicación de plaguicidas alternativos, como el uso de enemigos naturales para el control biológico de plagas agrícolas. En ese sentido, el uso de hongos microscópicos se ha posicionado como una herramienta potencial para contribuir a la sanidad vegetal y la seguridad alimentaria de forma sostenible. En este trabajo se comentan ciertos aspectos de por qué, a pesar de que hay mayor presencia de empresas que ofertan productos elaborados a base de hongos, estos bioplaguicidas no han logrado ser el sustituto de los productos químicos. Especialmente, se analizan las discrepancias observadas en la información pública disponible sobre las empresas y productos presentes en el país. En conclusión, además de la necesidad de ampliar la variedad de agentes de control naturales que sean efectivos para el control de las plagas y de incrementar el número de empresas que los oferten, es fundamental comprender la complejidad del mercado nacional de bioplaguicidas.
Análisis comparativo de tipo cinemático y dinámico para arquitecturas robóticas cartesianas
Authors: Gómez-Sánchez Ángel , Gómez-Sánchez Ubinio , Martínez-Rueda Silvano , Espinosa-Ramírez Ben Hur , Estrada-Martínez Raziel , Castillo-Minjarez José Miguel , Chávez-Escalante Luis
Published: November 2023

El presente artículo establece la comparación realizada entre dos configuraciones robóticas de tipo cartesiano: Cantilever y Gantry. El análisis de los modelos cinemático y dinámico permitió conocer las condiciones y parámetros de operación en la elección de la arquitectura robótica con base a la tarea a desarrollar. Asimismo, se demostró que, entre ambas configuraciones bajo estudio, existen similitudes propias a la arquitectura de los robots; sin embargo, la configuración o disposición de los eslabones y actuadores cambia las ventajas mecánicas entre ambas configuraciones. No obstante, la configuración Gantry mostró un mejor desempeño para la manipulación de objetos pesados dentro del espacio de trabajo.
Strategi Pengembangan Model Bisnis bagi Anggota Madrasah Bisnis Muhamamadiyah Abdurahman Bin Auf
Authors: Saepudin Encep , Mukarromah Safitri
Published: November 2023

Berdasarkan pemberdayaan ekonomi anggota Pimpinan Cabang Pemuda Muhammadiyah (PC PM) Ajibarang, yang kini sudah bergabung dalam Madrasah Bisnis Abdurahman bin Auf (MBAA) diketahui bahwa mitra masih belum memiliki model  bisnis yang akan dikembangkan pada masa depan. Pengembangan model bisnis harus berdasarkan konsep manajemen modern. Karena itu, dibutuhkan suatu pemberdayaan berkelanjutan dalam bentuk pelatihan teori dan praktek pada mitra sehingga bisnis dikelola tidak secara otodidak, melainkan berdasarkan prinsip manajemen modern. Peserta diajak mencatat profil bisnisnya dan target yang diinginkan dalam satu, dua, hingga lima tahun ke depan. Kemudian, menginventarisasi produknya dalam hal inovasi, sumber bahan baku, mesin/alat bantu kerja. Peserta juga harus mencatat positioning, targeting, dan segmenting pasarnya sehingga fokus pada target yang ingin dicapai. Dilanjutkan dengan menyusun kemampuan modal yang tersedia dengan mengetahui modal yang dibutuhkan dan mencatat sumber modal sendiri dan modal yang harus pinjam, serta kemampuan dalam pengembalian.
The Computational Complexity of the ChordLink Model
Authors: Kindermann Philipp , Sauer Jan , Wolff Alexander
Published: November 2023

In order to visualize well-clustered graphs with many intra-cluster
but few inter-cluster edges, hybrid approaches have been proposed.
For example, ChordLink draws the clusters as chord diagrams and
embeds these into a node-link diagram that represents the overall
structure of the clustered graph. The ChordLink approach consists
of four steps; node replication, node permutation, node merging, and
chord insertion. In this paper, we focus on the optimization problems
defined by two of these steps. We show that the decision version of
the problem defined by node permutation is NP-complete and present
an efficient algorithm for a special case. For chord insertion, we
show that it is NP-complete to decide whether a crossing-free
placement of the chords exists. Moreover, it is APX-hard to
minimize the number of crossings among the chords. Our results
answer an open question posed by Angori, Didimo, Montecchiani,
Pagliuca, and Tappini, who introduced ChordLink [TVCG 2021].
Camel Rating Model and Financial Stability of Commercial Banks in Kenya
Authors: Mohamed Mwanashehe Salim , Akims Malgit Amos , Nyachae Samuel Moragia , Mbugua Levi
Published: November 2023

The study sought to examine the effect of CAMEL rating model on financial stability of commercial banks in Kenya. This paper was extracted from the Doctoral dissertation of the first author where the co-authors served as supervisors. Buffer capital theory and efficiency structure theory were utilized. Causal research design was used and a census of forty-one commercial banks was undertaken focusing on the period 2013 to 2019. The panel regression analysis revealed that out of the CAMEL rating variables, only earnings ability had significant effect on financial stability of commercial banks in Kenya. It was recommended that the Central Bank of Kenya motivates earnings (profitability) targets to be in accordance with the size (category) of banks. This is as the earnings ability of commercial banks vary from bank to bank. This will in turn facilitate the improvements and sustenance of financial stability by commercial banks. The study recommends that bank managers when setting earnings target should consider their capabilities as a bank by ensuring realistic targets. Higher earnings translate to higher financial stability according to the study findings, hence apart from the traditional intermediation activities, other profitable business ventures can be explored by commercial banks.
High-tech Farming Techniques in Fruit Crops to Secure Food Demand: A Review
Authors: Ausari Praveen Kumar , Gharate Pooja Sanjay , Saikanth D. R. K. , Devi Okram Bijaya , Bahadur Raj , Singh Yumnam Somi
Published: November 2023

After China, India is the second-largest fruit producer in the world. India produces a wide range of fruits, the most common of which are mango, banana, citrus, guava, grape, pineapple, and apple. In addition to these, a sizable area is dedicated to the cultivation of fruits such peach, pear, almond, walnut, apricot, and strawberry in the temperate group and papaya, sapota, sapota, annona, phalsa, jackfruit, ber, and pomegranate in the tropical and sub-tropical groups. Despite having the second-largest fruit production in the world, the supply of fruits still falls far short of dietary needs. The demand for horticulture produce is on the rise and is predicted to continue to rise as per capita income rises and the population becomes more health conscious, which will lead to a need for more production. However, the production must be affordable while maintaining a high level of quality. The available potential must therefore be utilised in order to sustain progress. The technologies must increase agricultural output, quality, and yield variability while decreasing post-harvest crop losses. Additionally, actions will be required to guarantee the prompt supply of high-quality seed and planting supplies. So, it is anticipated that technology-driven horticulture would solve issues related to complementary and nutritional security, health care, and ultimately economic development.
Impact of Long-term Use of Fertilizers and Manure on Distribution of Soil-inorganic Phosphorus Fractions in a Vertisol
Authors: Muniya Anil , Dixit B. K. , Tripath P. N. , Gupta Vikas , Tekam Yagini , Meravi Aruna , Damor Jamu Singh
Published: November 2023

The field experiment was conducted during the kharif season under the AICRP on Long-Term Fertilizer Experiment at the Research Farm, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.), India. The investigation was carried out to assess the distribution of P fractions in Vertisol after the harvesting of the soybean crop. Eight treatments were imposed with four replications in a simple randomized block design. The treatments were applied in combination with different doses of fertilizer viz., T1 (50% NPK), T2 (100% NPK), T3 (150% NPK), T4 (100% N), T5 (100% NP), T6 (100% NPK+FYM), T7 (100% NPK-S), and T8 (control). Through the findings, the soil pH and electrical conductivity (dS m-1) did not show significant changes even after the long-term application of various fertilizer levels compared to their initial values. The treatment with 100% NPK + FYM exhibited the highest organic carbon (g kg-1) content and available N, P, and K (kg ha-1) content over the control. The various forms of phosphorus in the soil were observed in the following order: Ca-P > Fe-P > Al-P > Occluded-P > Saloid-P . The Ca-P content was highest when 100% NPK fertilizer and farmyard manure (FYM) were used together. The analysis showed that the presence of saloid-P significantly influences the availability of phosphorus in Vertisol soil. Based on the current investigation, it is recommended to use integrated nutrient management, which includes both 100% NPK fertilizer and FYM, to prevent phosphorus deficiency in soybean cultivation in Vertisol.
Evaluation of Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) Genotypes for Growth, Phenological and Yield under North-Eastern Dry Zone of Karnataka, India
Authors: Priyadharshini D.  , Kurubar A. R. , Hugar Ashok , Patil Kapil , Tembhurne B. V.
Published: November 2023

Eight grape genotypes were evaluated during 2021-2022 at New orchard, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design with three replication. The grape cultivars of five year old vines planted at spacing of 3.0m× 1.5m and trained on Y system of training. The forward pruning was done on 21st October, 2021. There were eight table grape genotypes under the evaluation study, i.e., Thompson Seedless, Manik Chaman, Sharad Seedless, 2A Clone, K.R. White, Manjari Naveen, Fantasy Seedless and Medica. Among genotypes, Medica recorded the maximum pruning weight (1.39 Kg vine-1), number of fruitful canes vine-1(36.00). Thompson Seedless observed maximum shoot length (126.49 cm). Manik Chaman recorded maximum cane diameter (10.31 mm). The genotype Thompson Seedless has recorded earliness in bud sprouting (7.10 days), minimum number of days to anthesis (29.12 days) and fruitset (35.25 days). The early ripening genotypes was Sharad Seedless (98.70 days). The maximum bunch weight was recorded in the genotype 2A Clone (598.87 g). The genotype Medica recorded the maximum number of bunches vine-1(112.00) with highest bunch yield (41.32 kg vine-1)
Influence of Organic and Inorganic Nutrient Sources on the Yield and Uptake of Major Nutrients in Soybean
Authors: Nissa Seerat Un , Dar Zahoor A. , Habib Mehfuza , Lone Ajaz A. , Shahnaz Efath , Rasool Faisul Ur , Dar S. A. , Iqbal Shahida , Hussan Shamshir Ul
Published: November 2023

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different organic sources of nitrogen with inorganic fertilizers on crop yield, yield attributes and uptake of major plant nutrients in the soya bean-maize cropping system. The highest soybean yield of 12.9qt-1 was obtained with the application of 75% of the recommended dose of nitrogen along with 100% recommended dose of phosphorus (P)& and potassium (K) through inorganic fertilizers+25% recommended dose of nitrogen through vermicompost and the lowest values of all the parameters were obtained from the control treatment. The uptake of nitrogen (N), P&K increased with treatments that received integrated use of organic manures in combination with the recommended dose of nutrients.
Influence of Different Nutrient Management Approaches on Soil Biological Properties under Maize Based Cropping System in Vertisol
Authors: Patil Ragini , Dhananjaya B. C.  , Chandravamshi Parashuram , Gurumurthy K. T.  , Veeranna H. K.  , Kumar Naik A. H.
Published: November 2023

An experiment was conducted at Zonal Agricultural and Horticultural Research Station, Hiriyur with four different nutrient management approaches during 3 consecutive years 2019-20, 2020-21 and 2021-22. The experiment consists of 4 treatments, viz., T1 – Natural farming - Seed treatment with Beejamrutha + Ghana jeevamrutha @ 1000 kg ha-1 before sowing + Jeevamrutha @ 200 L ha-1 @ 15 days interval + mulching at 30 DAS; T2 – Organic farming - Seed treatment with Rhizobium + PSB + N equivalent basis of vermicompost; T3 – Package of Practice – Recommended dose of N, P2O5, K2O and FYM; T4 – Farmers practice - FYM @ 7 t ha-1 and 45: 115 kg ha-1 N, P2O5, respectively in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 5 replications. The results revealed that the application of organic manures such as vermicompost and FYM and concoctions like jeevamrutha and ghanajeevamruta for 3 years has improved soil biological properties in both seasons. Treatments varied significantly among different nutrient management approaches with respect to dehydrogenase, urease, phosphatase and arylsulfatase activity in the rhizosphere soil of the summer and kharif maize. Significantly higher enzyme activities were noticed in organic farming treatment followed by package of practice and natural farming treatment. The lowest activities were observed in farmers practice treatment. Similarly, microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur were highest in organic farming treatment and lowest in farmers practice treatment.
Long-Term Blood Pressure Control After Hypertensive Pregnancy Following Physician-Optimized Self-Management
Authors: Kitt Jamie , Fox Rachael , Frost Annabelle , Shanyinde Milensu , Tucker Katherine , Bateman Paul A. , Suriano Katie , Kenworthy Yvonne , McCourt Annabelle , Woodward William , Lapidaire Winok , Lacharie Miriam , Santos Mauro , Roman Cristian , Mackillop Lucy , Delles Christian , Thilaganathan Basky , Chappell Lucy C. , Lewandowski Adam J. , McManus Richard J. , Leeson Paul
Published: November 2023

Importance

Pregnancy hypertension results in adverse cardiac remodeling and higher incidence of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases in later life.

Objective

To evaluate whether an intervention designed to achieve better blood pressure control in the postnatal period is associated with lower blood pressure than usual outpatient care during the first 9 months postpartum.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Randomized, open-label, blinded, end point trial set in a single hospital in the UK. Eligible participants were aged 18 years or older, following pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia or gestational hypertension, requiring antihypertensive medication postnatally when discharged. The first enrollment occurred on February 21, 2020, and the last follow-up, November 2, 2021. The follow-up period was approximately 9 months.

Interventions

Participants were randomly assigned 1:1 to self-monitoring along with physician-optimized antihypertensive titration or usual postnatal care.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was 24-hour mean diastolic blood pressure at 9 months postpartum, adjusted for baseline postnatal blood pressure.

Results

Two hundred twenty participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 112) or the control group (n = 108). The mean (SD) age of participants was 32.6 (5.0) years, 40% had gestational hypertension, and 60% had preeclampsia. Two hundred participants (91%) were included in the primary analysis. The 24-hour mean (SD) diastolic blood pressure, measured at 249 (16) days postpartum, was 5.8 mm Hg lower in the intervention group (71.2 [5.6] mm Hg) than in the control group (76.6 [5.7] mm Hg). The between-group difference was −5.80 mm Hg (95% CI, −7.40 to −4.20;P < .001). Similarly, the 24-hour mean (SD) systolic blood pressure was 6.5 mm Hg lower in the intervention group (114.0 [7.7] mm Hg) than in the control group (120.3 [9.1] mm Hg). The between-group difference was −6.51 mm Hg (95% CI, −8.80 to −4.22;P < .001).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this single-center trial, self-monitoring and physician-guided titration of antihypertensive medications was associated with lower blood pressure during the first 9 months postpartum than usual postnatal outpatient care in the UK.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT04273854
A Real‐Time Process Diagnostic to Support Reliability, Control, and Fundamental Understanding in Aerosol Jet Printing
Authors: Rurup Jeremy D. , Secor Ethan B.
Published: November 2023

Aerosol jet printing is a compelling technology for hybrid electronics, combining digital and noncontact patterning with broad materials compatibility, resolution as fine as ≈10 microns, and a high standoff distance of 1–5 mm. Despite its growing popularity in research environments, a robust process understanding and improved manufacturing control are essential for achieving the reliability and predictability required for broader adoption in advanced applications. Herein, recent developments in process monitoring using in‐line light scattering measurements are discussed, including their mechanistic foundations, experimental validation, relevance for process control and reliability, and value as a diagnostic tool for fundamental studies. Experimental measurements confirm the correlation between measured light scattering and deposition rate. Building on this platform, feedback from the real‐time measurement is coupled with printer software to support automated closed‐loop control via a simple proportional‐integral‐derivative software control loop. Combined with the utility of these measurements as a diagnostic to accelerate ink formulation and support fundamental process science experiments, this in‐line measurement provides a useful tool to improve print reliability with the potential to advance the adoption and capabilities of this method in conformal, flexible, and hybrid electronics applications.
Electro‐Driven, Predefined Carbon Nanotube‐Based Phase Change Composite as a Lifting‐Jack
Authors: Wang Qi , Han Lei , Ye Ziming , Chen Kun , Xia Zhiyuan , Li Meng , Shang Yuanyuan , Cao Anyuan
Published: November 2023

Shape change materials or actuators that are capable of shrinking, bending or rotation under external stimuli (especially, by electricity), have attracted tremendous research interest in past years. Controlled shape change with large output capacity under low excitation voltage remains a challenging task in this field. Here, an electro‐driven carbon nanotube sponge/paraffin wax bulk composite (CS@PW) that can perform various shape change functions such as, in particular, jacking and lifting heavy objects (up to 668.3 times of composite weight) under lower voltages (4–8 V) with fast response and high reversibility is presented. This unique and superior jacking performance is attributed to the predefined original CS shape, the deformability and resilience derived from 3D porous CS@PW, and efficient Joule heat transfer from conductive CS to the coaxially wrapped PW layer; the latter, by reversible phase change solidification/melting, can fix or release carbon nanotube network to enable controlled fixation/motion. Additional advantages include hydrophobicity, anti‐leakage, wide operating temperature, and diverse reversible shape change modes based on CS@PW and commercial polyethylene tapes, are also demonstrated. The designed electro‐driven nanocomposites, combining resilient carbon nanotube networks with low‐cost organic phase‐change material, have wide applications in areas such as robust artificial muscles, intelligent morphing, and energy management.
Pseudo‐Para‐Substituted [2.2]Paracyclophanes for Hole Transport in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Otterbach Steffen A. , Elsing David , Schulz Alexander D. , Tappert Henrik , Wenzel Wolfgang , Kozlowska Mariana , Röhm Holger , Bräse Stefan
Published: November 2023

2,2′,7,7′‐Tetrakis(N,N‐di‐p‐methoxyphenylamine)−9,9′‐spirobifluorene (spiro‐OMeTAD) is the prevalent hole transport layer in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with regular device architecture. Yet, its spirobifluorene core and multistep synthesis make it rather expensive. For the further technological success of PSCs, novel scalable and inexpensive alternative hole transport layers are needed. Herein, a study of the structure‐property relations of pseudo‐para‐substituted [2.2]paracyclophanes is presented. Eight different hole transport materials are synthesized via double CH activation, eliminating metal‐containing substituents for cross‐coupling reactions. The ionization potentials (IPs) of the disubstituted paracyclophanes (DiPCPs) are examined by photoelectron spectroscopy in air, cyclic voltammetry and theoretical calculations. Through variation of donor groups and π‐linkers, IPs that span a range from 5.14 to 5.86 eV are achieved, demonstrating high customizability. From the eight novel materials, five showed good solubility and are implemented into PSCs. The solar cells with a hole transport layer of undoped 4,16‐di(4‐(2‐thienyl)‐N,N‐bis(4‐methoxyphenyl)aniline)[2.2]paracyclophane (DiPCP‐2) exhibit a power conversion efficiency of 12.7% ± 0.4%. The facile synthesis of DiPCP‐2 enables an estimated cost reduction by two thirds compared to spiro‐OMeTAD.
Combining Janus Separator and Organic Cathode for Dendrite‐Free and High‐Performance Na‐Organic Batteries
Authors: Wu Yan , Wang Xingchao , Zhang Fei , Hai Lijuan , Chen QiHua , Chao Cuiqin , Yang Aikai , Sun Ying , Jia Dianzeng
Published: November 2023

The growth of Na‐dendrites and the dissolution of organic cathodes are two major challenges that hinder the development of sodium‐organic batteries (SOBs). Herein, a multifunctional Janus separator (h‐BN@PP@C) by using an interfacial engineering strategy, is proposed to tackle the issues of SOBs. The carbon layer facing the organic cathode serves as a barrier to capture dissolved organic materials and enhance their utilization. Meanwhile, the h‐BN layer facing the Na anode possesses high thermal conductivity and mechanical strength, which mitigates the occurrence of localized‐temperature “hot spots” and promotes the formation of a NaF‐enriched SEI, thereby suppressing dendrite growth. Consequently, the Janus separator enables a stable Na plating/stripping cycling for 1000 h at 3 mA cm−2. Equipped with the Janus separator, organic cathodes including dibenzo[b,i]thianthrene‐5,7,12,14‐tetraone (DTT), pentacene‐5,7,12,14‐tetrone and Calix[4]quinone cathodes demonstrate high capacity and remarkable cycling performance. In particular, the DTT exhibits a bipolar co‐reaction storage mechanism and achieves an ultrahigh capacity (≈342.6 mAh g−1), long‐term cycling stability (capacity decay rate of 0.15% per cycle over 550 cycles at 500 mA g−1) and fast kinetics (1000 mA g−1≈2.8 C). This study offers a straightforward, effective, and promising solution to address the challenges in SOBs.
Glass Microneedles: A Case Study for Regulatory Approval Using a Quality by Design Approach
Authors: Sartawi Ziad , Blackshields Caroline , Ariamanesh Arefe , Farag Fatma Fawzy , Griffin Brendan , Crean Abina , Devine Ken , Elkhashab Mohamed , Aldejohann Alexander Maximilian , Kurzai Oliver , Faisal Waleed
Published: November 2023

In this paper, a roadmap is provided for the regulatory approval of one of the exciting and dynamic drug delivery fields, microneedles, by using a Quality by Design approach to pharmaceutical product development. In this regard, a quality target product profile (QTPP) and the critical quality attributes (CQA) of microneedles are identified. A case study of the recently patented method of fabricating glass microneedles entirely from a therapeutic agent, thus eliminating the requirement for additional excipients is discussed. The glass microneedle, ArrayPatch, is a propriety wearable device with platform potential consisting of an array of sharp, but painless, dissolvable microneedles manufactured with 100% drug. The microneedles penetrate the skin on application and dissolve to deliver a locally effective dose. The in vitro characterization of the microneedle CQAs under WHO‐guided stability conditions will be described to assess the manufacturing readiness of ArrayPatch.  A live technical video is also provided, presenting a unique procedure of jugular vein cannulation through the ear vein of a pig animal model to study the in vivo pharmacokinetics of ArrayPatch compared to standard‐of‐care marketed products.
Laser‐Activatable In Situ Vaccine Enhances Cancer‐Immunity Cycle
Authors: Wang Zhenyu , You Tingting , Su Qianyi , Deng Wenjia , Li JiaBao , Hu Saixiang , Shi Shengjun , Zou Zhaowei , Xiao Jisheng , Duan Xiaopin
Published: November 2023

The immune response in cancer reflects a series of carefully regulated events; however, current tumor immunotherapies typically address a single key aspect to enhance anti‐tumor immunity. In the present study, a nanoplatform (Fe3O4@IR820@CpG)‐based immunotherapy strategy that targets the multiple key steps in cancer‐immunity cycle is developed: 1) promotes the release of tumor‐derived proteins (TDPs), including tumor‐associated antigens and pro‐immunostimulatory factors), in addition to the direct killing effect, by photothermal (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT); 2) captures the released TDPs and delivers them, together with CpG (a Toll‐like receptor 9 agonist) to antigen‐presenting cells (APCs) to promote antigen presentation and T cell activation; 3) enhances the tumor‐killing ability of T cells by combining with anti‐programmed death ligand 1 antibody (α‐PD‐L1), which collectively advances the outstanding of the anti‐tumor effects on colorectal, liver and breast cancers. The broad‐spectrum anti‐tumor activity of Fe3O4@IR820@CpG with α‐PD‐L1 demonstrates that optimally manipulating anti‐cancer immunity not singly but as a group provides promising clinical strategies.
Transferrin Receptor‐Targeted Nonspherical Microbubbles for Blood–Brain Barrier Sonopermeation
Authors: Dasgupta Anshuman , Sun Tao , Rama Elena , Motta Alessandro , Zhang Yongzhi , Power Chanikarn , Moeckel Diana , Fletcher Stecia‐Marie , Moosavifar Mirjavad , Barmin Roman , Porte Céline , Buhl Eva Miriam , Bastard Céline , Pallares Roger M. , Kiessling Fabian , McDannold Nathan , Mitragotri Samir , Lammers Twan
Published: November 2023

Microbubbles (MB) are widely used for ultrasound (US) imaging and drug delivery. MB are typically spherically shaped, due to surface tension. When heated above their glass transition temperature, polymer‐based MB can be mechanically stretched to obtain an anisotropic shape, endowing them with unique features for US‐mediated blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeation. It is here shown that nonspherical MB can be surface‐modified with BBB‐specific targeting ligands, thereby promoting binding to and sonopermeation of blood vessels in the brain. Actively targeted rod‐shaped MB are generated via 1D stretching of spherical poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) MB and via subsequently functionalizing their shell with antitransferrin receptor (TfR) antibodies. Using US and optical imaging, it is demonstrated that nonspherical anti‐TfR‐MB bind more efficiently to BBB endothelium than spherical anti‐TfR‐MB, both in vitro and in vivo. BBB‐associated anisotropic MB produce stronger cavitation signals and markedly enhance BBB permeation and delivery of a model drug as compared to spherical BBB‐targeted MB. These findings exemplify the potential of antibody‐modified nonspherical MB for targeted and triggered drug delivery to the brain.
Raman‐Active Interlayer Phonons and Moiré Phonons in Twisted Thin‐Layer MoTe2
Authors: Wu Youxuan , Wang Shiyuan , Chen Chuoqi , Zhou Cong , Chen Kun , Zhou Jian , Wang Zhi , Bie Ya‐Qing , Deng Shaozhi
Published: November 2023

A wide range of artificially twist‐stacked van der Waals materials offer versatile building blocks for quantum optoelectronic devices. Among these, twisted bilayer MoTe2 has excellent optical properties in the near‐infrared range and can be integrated with silicon photonics. While recent studies mainly focus on the emission properties in twisted bilayer MoTe2, a comprehensive investigation of how Moiré superlattice affects phonon modes in twisted thin‐layer MoTe2 remains unexplored. These phonon modes can serve as indicators of stacking configuration and interface uniformity. Here, a series of twisted bilayer and tetralayer MoTe2 with precisely controlled twist angles ranging from 0° to 60° are prepared. Using polarization‐dependent low‐frequency Raman spectroscopy, the evolution of interlayer phonon modes at different twist angles is identified. Additionally, a range of acoustic phonon modes activated by Moiré potentials in both twisted bilayer MoTe2 and twisted tetralayer MoTe2 are observed and analyzed. The findings provide experimental evidence of the interlayer phonon coupling and Moiré phonons in MoTe2, offering insights for the future development of near‐infrared optoelectronic devices based on twisted thin‐layer MoTe2.
Unveiling the Potential of Sunlight‐Driven Multifunctional Blue Long Persistent Luminescent Materials via Cutting‐Edge Trap Modulation Strategies
Authors: Cao Junlong , Ding Songsong , Zhou Yunpeng , Wang Yuhua
Published: November 2023

Numerous challenges persist in the field of long persistent luminescence (LPL) materials, including the unclear mechanism of persistent luminescence, low efficiency of sunlight excitation, and limited availability of commercial materials. To address these issues, a LPL material, SrAl2Si2O8:x% Eu2+,y% Dy3+, is synthesized for excitation by UV lamps or sunlight. Dy3+ doping remarkably extends the afterglow duration from 2 to 7 h under UV lamp excitation, exhibiting a remarkable enhancement of 350%. Notably, SrAl2Si2O8:4.0% Eu2+, 3.0% Dy3+ shows 2 h afterglow duration when exposed to sunlight, surpassing other LPL materials and expanding potential applications. XPS and XANES measurements confirm Eu2+ as the luminescent and persistent luminescent centers, while Dy3+ increases trap diversity. Through meticulous analysis of the EPR and XPS data, it is elucidated that the material encompasses two distinct types of traps, namely oxygen vacancies and may be traps. This provides a basis for subsequent trap analysis in LPL materials. Microstructural analysis examined ion coordination environment changes due to Eu2+ and Dy3+ doping. The mechanical luminescent properties are characterized, and a plausible afterglow mechanism is proposed based on the experimental results, offering insights for further research into LPL materials.