bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Added Value of Isotropic High-Resolution 3D T2-weighted Imaging in Differentiation of Tis–T1 from T2 Stage in Rectal Cancers
Authors: Guo Yu , Fu Yu , Li Jiansen , Zhang Lei , Wang Zhuo , Zhang Huimao
Published: August 2023

2D T2WI obtained in multi plane is recommend in preoperative assessment of rectal cancer, but 2D acquisition suffers from heavy partial volume effects. As a result, 2D T2WI cannot assess early rectal cancer stages accurately. Comparing with 2D T2WI, 3D T2WI could provide higher spatial resolution, especially the thin slice thickness, with highly reduced partial volume effects in rectal MRI. The purpose of the study was to compare the local-regional staging accuracy of the conventional 2D T2WI protocol and the 3D T2WI protocol for preoperative MR imaging in early rectal cancer patients.
A preliminary investigation of radiomics-based diffusion kurtosis imaging differences between glioblastoma and solitary brain metastasis
Authors: Gao Eryuan , Zhao Guohua , Zhang Huiting , Gao Ankang , Ma Xiaoyue , Bai Jie , Yan Xu , Lin Yusong , Yang Guang , Cheng Jingliang
Published: August 2023

The differentiation of glioblastomas from solitary brain metastases by using routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) alone presents a challenge. As a representative of diffusion MRI technology, diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) can closely reflect the real situation of water molecule movement in tumor tissues. We speculate that DKI radiomics is superior to routine MRI radiomics in distinguishing GBMs from SBMs. We developed a series of radiomics models of DKI parameter maps and routine MRI to compare their performance. Finally, several independent parameters models perform well in distinguishing two tumors. The combined DKI radiomics model obtained the best performance.
A Deep Survival Model based on MR Radiomics and EGFR status to Predict Overall Survival after Radiosurgery in Brain Metastases
Authors: Liao Chien-Yi , Lee Cheng-Chia , Yang Huai-Che , Chung Wen-Yuh , Wu Hsiu-Mei , Guo Wan-Yuo , Liu Ren-Shyan , Lu Chia-Feng
Published: August 2023

About 30% of Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients develop brain metastases (BMs) during the course of the disease. MR radiomics and EGFR mutation status were reported with the potential to predict the local tumor control of Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GKRS). The prediction of overall survival after GKRS can further benefit the management of BM patients. We proposed a deep learning-based model using the clinical information, EGFR mutation status, and MR radiomic features to predict the overall survival after GKRS. We suggested that pre-GKRS MRI characteristics combined with gene and clinical information can improve the prediction of overall survival.
Explainable and Quantitative LI-RADS Automated Grading System for Hepatocellular Carcinoma based on Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI
Authors: Xia Xueqin , Yang Li , Sheng Ruofan , Zheng Rencheng , Chen Weibo , Wang Chengyan , Zeng Mengsu , Wang He
Published: August 2023

The judgment of the three major features of LI-RADS by radiologists is subjective and time-consuming. We proposed an explainable and quantitative algorithm based on DCE MRI to recognize the three major features and then get LI-RADS grades together with tumor diameter. The AUC is 0.96, 0.92, 0.70 in the validation set and 0.98, 0.90, 0.76 in the testing set for arterial phase hyper-enhancement (APHE), washout, and capsule. The overall accuracy of LI-RADS grades is 0.68 and 0.71 for the validation and testing set. The developed automatic LI-RADS grading system can provide explainable results for HCC diagnosis with high efficiency.
Alterations of the Intranetwork and Internetwork Connectivity of Default Mode Network and Olfactory Network in Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Zhang Hui , Chung Tom Wai-Hin , Wong Fergus Kai-Chuen , Sridhar Siddharth , Hung Ivan Fan-Ngai , Mak Henry Ka-Fung
Published: August 2023

To identify the functional abnormalities of olfactory network (ON) and default mode network (DMN) in COVID-19 patients, resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) was applied in this study. Seed-based and ROI × ROI analysis were used to calculate the inter- and intra-network connectivity of DMN and ON. In the results, COVID-19 patients showed higher intranetwork connectivity in DMN and internetwork connectivity between ON and DMN. We postulated that these greater activities compensate for the deficits of olfactory processing and general well-being. In addition, our study suggests rs-fMRI to be a useful biomarker for the evaluation of COVID patients.
Functional Human Brain Connectivity During Labor and its Alteration under Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation
Authors: Tsai Chih-Chien , Chao An-Shine , Hoang Ngoc-Thanh , Wang Jiun-Jie
Published: August 2023

Pain management during labor is an essential part of general obstetric care. Use nonpharmacological methods such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for pain relief is necessary because the risk from anesthetics and analgesics to the mother and fetus should always be considered. Therefore, we investigate the neural network alteration of the brain in pain relief by TENS during labor. Our findings indicated the TENS during labor might change functional connectivity of the pain-related network to reach the effect of pain relief, which improve our understanding of the neural representations of nociceptive and visceral pain-related networks.
A clinicopathological-radiological nomogram for prognosis of postoperative hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ma Lidi , Deng Kan , Li Haixia , Zhang Cheng , Xie Chuanmiao
Published: August 2023

Few studies both focus on the prognosis for patients with early recurrence and five years overall survival (OS) for patients with BCLC 0-C. Here, we established nomograms for predicting 5-year overall survival and early recurrence after curative resection of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on clinicopathological-radiological model and investigated whether different treatment methods have influenced on OS for patients with early recurrence. The results demonstrate that the nomogram, based on clinical, pathological and radiological factors, had good accuracy in estimating OS and recurrence respectively. Further, reoperation maybe the best option for patients with recurrence in good condition.
Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced T1 Mapping: Repeatability, Reproducibility, and Differentiating Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma from Non-ccRCC
Authors: Wang Shuai , Zhao Binghui , Zhang Jilei , Chen Weibo
Published: August 2023

T1 mapping is a quantitative MR technique that can be used to measure the longitudinal relaxation time of tissues. Previous studies demonstrated that it is potentially able to differentiate benign and malignant tumors and identify histopathological grade. In this study, the dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) T1 mapping exhibited the robust reproducibility and repeatability and thus may have potential be used for quantitative renal tumor evaluation in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Furthermore, we found that clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) had higher native and enhanced T1values than non-ccRCC. Thus, DCE T1 mapping is promising in differentiating ccRCC from non-ccRCC.
Prediction of Lymphatic Vessel Space Invasion of Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on Enhanced MRI Radiomics Method
Authors: Yu Haixia , Ding Jianping
Published: August 2023

Cervical Cancer Lymph-vascular space invasion (LVSI) is a type of cancer cells that invade into lymphatics and blood vessels.The typical symptoms are closely related to the distant metastasis of cervical cancer.The selection of treatment strategies for early cervical cancer is particularly important.This study established and verified the radiomics based on enhanced MRI to predict the preoperative LVSI status of cervical squamous cell carcinoma, which can be used as a noninvasive biomarker to better predict the LVSI status of patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma.
High-resolution DWI for liver lesion detection in patient at-risk for HCC: prospective comparison with the HBP using gadoxetic acid
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Jiang Hanyu , Duan Ting , Song Bin , Zhang Xiaoyong
Published: August 2023

Compared with conventional diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), high-resolution DWI (HR-DWI) can improve the image quality with higher image scores. In patients with increased risk for hepatocellular carcinoma, gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI with HR-DWI showed comparable performance with conventional DWI + hepatobiliary phase for detecting potentially malignant liver lesions.
Developmental pattern of association fibers and their interaction with associated cortical microstructures in 0-5 month-old infants
Authors: Liu Tingting , You Yuqing , Zhao Zhiyong , Cao Zuozhen , Chen Ruike , Li Mingyang , Lv Ying , Li Mingyan , Gao Fusheng , Zhang Hongxi , Ji Chai , Wu Dan
Published: August 2023

The present study aimed to investigate the spatiotemporal developmental pattern of association fibers in infants aged 0-5 months and the interaction between these fibers and the associated cortex utilizing FBA based on HARDI data. We found that the C-shaped fibers demonstrate an approximately symmetrical along-track pattern with more advanced development in the middle segments than the extremities; the horizontally oriented fibers manifest that the anterior segments started later but developed faster than the posterior segments. Mediation analysis revealed the mediation effect of cortical GM on the development of WM was more prominent than that of WM on GM.
Diffusion weighted imaging-Based Radiomic Features of Distincting Low and High Grade of Pediatric Brain Tumors
Authors: YI TING , MA Qiuhong , CAI QIFANG , Zhang Huiting , Wei Weian , Gao Bing , JIN KE
Published: August 2023

This study investigated the feasibility of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI)-Based radiomic features in differential diagnosis of low- and high-grade pediatric brain tumors. The results showed that the DWI and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) combined model can effectively distinct low- and high-Grade pediatric brain tumors. This suggests that DWI sequence may facilitate brain tumor grading.
Striatum-thalamus microstructural alterations in levodopa-induced dyskinesia using four advanced diffusion models
Authors: Yuan Tingting , Zhang Ying , Wang Hongchao , Jiang Yueluan , Wang Chenglong , Guo Chunjie , Yang Guang , Zhang Huiting
Published: August 2023

The major complication of dopaminergic therapy in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is dyskinesia which affects patients' quality of life. The pathogenesis of levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate striatum-thalamus alterations in PD patients with and without LID using advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) techniques (DTI, DKI, NODDI and MAP).
Increased Vascular Permeability of 17O-labeled Water in the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Model Mice using Indirect Proton MRI
Authors: Kameda Hiroyuki , Komaki Yuji , Kudo Kohsuke
Published: August 2023

We evaluated the increased vascular permeability of 17O-labeled Water in the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) mice using indirect proton MRI. The spinal cord of nine ALS mice and ten wild-type (WT) mice were scanned with 7T MRI with the T2-weighted RARE sequence. In the femoral vein, 17O-labeled water was intravenously injected. In ROIs of the spinal cord, the 17O concentration increased more in ALS mice than in the control mice. This latest method can detect the abnormalities in water kinetics probably caused by the impairments in blood–spinal cord barrier of ALS mice.
Sex-dependent Pathological Aging Effect on Caudate Functional Connectivity in Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Yang Zhengshi , Caldwell Jessica , Cummings Jeffrey , Ritter Aaron , Kinney Jefferson , Cordes Dietmar
Published: August 2023

Resting-state fMRI was used to investigate the aging effect on caudate function in mild cognitively impaired participants, with the focus of sex-dependent effect. Graph theory analysis was conducted to derive caudate nodal strength, which was then input to linear mixed effect model to evaluate its association with age. A striking aging effect was observed only in women with MCI but not in men with MCI, which was closely related to cognitive decline in woman participants. This finding suggests that caudate may be critical for alleviating cognitive decline in women with MCI.
Effect of varying intensity discretization and normalization parameters on first order radiomics features.
Authors: Indoria Abhilasha , Patalasingh Sachin , Konar subhas , Saini Jitender
Published: August 2023

This study assessed the impact of normalization scale and intensity discretization on first order radiomics features. Features were extracted from T2W images by varying the normalization parameter and bin width parameter of Pyradiomics library; Un-normalized (Without_normalization), normalized to scale1, normalized to scale 100 while keeping the bin width constant; and Bin width set to 20, bin width set to 40, bin width set to 60 while keeping the normalization scale set to 1. We found that the radiomics features were highly dependent on normalization scale and independent of bin width parameter.
Motion correction of high-resolution spatiotemporally encoded MRI based on deep learning
Authors: Wang Wei , Cai Shuhui , Chen Lin , Wu Zhigang , Cai Congbo , Chen Zhong
Published: August 2023

In multi-shot high-resolution MRI, the motion of patients often leads to serious degradation of imaging quality. In this study, a novel motion correction method based on deep learning and spatiotemporally encoded MRI was proposed to address this problem. The proposed method is robust to motion without utilizing extra scan or parallel reconstruction. The results of simulation and in vivo rat brain experiments demonstrate its efficacy in reducing image motion artifacts when subject movement exists.
Pancreatic extracellular volume fraction using T1 mapping in patients with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Zhang Qinhe , Wan Nan , Ren Xue , Sun Peng , Dai Xu , Lin Liangjie , Wu Zhigang , Wang Jiazheng , Liu Ailian
Published: August 2023

Extracellular volume (ECV) fraction might represent a useful parameter for the noninvasive quantification of pancreatic fibrosis, and the proton density fat fraction (FF) of pancreas can be obtained by mDxion Quant. Here, we hypothesized that pancreatic ECV and FF, for evaluation of pancreatic fibrosis and fat content, can be used to assess patients with liver cirrhosis. Results indicated that pancreatic ECV at 60 mins after contrast agent administration showed a statistical difference between liver cirrhosis patients and controls. A significant correlation was observed between pancreatic FF and ECV at 5 mins after administration.
Histogram analysis of T1 Mapping and Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in the Prediction of Grades, Subtypes and Proliferation Status of Meningiomas
Authors: Cao Tiexin , Lin Lin , Xue Yunjing , Wu Pu-Yeh , Zhang Rufei , Zheng Lingmin
Published: August 2023

In daily clinical practice, preoperative grading of meningioma is particularly important for selecting the best treatment strategy. Our hypothesis is that a combination of T1 mapping and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) based on histogram analysis would be useful for differentiating between low-grade and high-grade meningiomas. Our study, for the first time, provides evidence that T1 mapping may be an imaging biomarker for differentiating grades and predicting the proliferation potential of meningiomas. The combination of T1 mapping and DWI showed the highest diagnostic performances in grading meningiomas.
The role of histogram analysis in MAGiC sequence in the differential diagnosis of early-stage endometrial adenocarcinoma and normal endometrium
Authors: Chen Shuang , Yu Xiaoduo , Zhang Qi , Zhang Jieying , Xie Lizhi , Ouyang Han
Published: August 2023

To discuss the histogram parameters diagnostic value of Magnetic Resonance Image Compilation (MAGiC) sequence for differentiation of early-stage endometrial carcinoma (EC) from normal endometrium of health control (HC).
In Vivo T2* Mapping of Intracranial Atherosclerotic Plaque Distinguishes Symptom-Producing Plaques: a 7T MRI study
Authors: Xu Ziming , Bai Xiaoyan , Wang Yajie , Li Zhiye , Dou Jiaqi , Sui Binbin , Chen Huijun
Published: August 2023

In vivo quantitative mapping of intracranial atherosclerotic plaque is very important for plaque characterization. Previous intracranial plaque quantitative studies were usually carried out ex vivo, while studies of in vivo intracranial plaque mapping have rarely been reported. In this study, the in vivo feasibility of quantitative T2* mapping of intracranial plaque at 7T MRI had firstly been demonstrated. Symptomatic patients showed significantly lower intraplaque T2* values than asymptomatic patients (26.33 ± 7.16 vs. 33.47 ± 8.68 ms, p = 0.048). This quantitative and noninvasive assessment may serve as one potential tool to characterize and evaluate intracranial atherosclerotic plaques.
Comparison of T1 mapping from StarVIBE and conventional variable flip angle in abdomen: a preliminary study
Authors: Hu Junjiao , Zhang Huiting , Liu Jun , Guo Hu , Jiang Shan , Situ Weijun
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study to assess image quality and T1 value value between variable flip angle (VFA-T1) and StarVIBE (StarVIBE-T1) methods using breath-holding and free breathing, respectively. Compared with VFA-T1 method, StarVIBE-T1 had better image quality, including overall image quality, blurring, and clearer edge of lesions, especially for the patients without breath-holding. The T1 values from the two methods had high correlation and moderate agreement.
Whole-Brain 3D CMRO2 Mapping with Prior-Guided Quantitative BOLD
Authors: Lee Hyunyeol , Wehrli Felix
Published: August 2023

qBOLD permits noninvasive measurements of the two critical determinants of the BOLD signal, i.e., deoxygenated-blood-volume (DBV) and venous-oxygen-saturation-level (Yv), and along with CBF imaging, the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2). Two major challenges in qBOLD are 1) separation of heme-originated R2′ from other signal sources, and 2) subsequent extraction of DBV and Yv. We had previously addressed these issues by developing a prior-guided qBOLD method. Here, we aimed to evaluate the method's utility in 3D CMRO2 mapping. Results suggest feasibility of the new qBOLD method as a practical means for measuring neurometabolic parameters over an extended brain coverage.
MR radiomic predictors of post-GKRS edema in meningiomas
Authors: Chen Man-Chin , Yang Huai-Zhe , Lee Cheng-Chia , Wu Hsiu-Mei , Lu Chia-Feng
Published: August 2023

Several issues concerning the optimal parameters of radiosurgery treatment, the occurrence of radiation-induced edema, and other postoperative complications remain unsolved in treating meningiomas. We aimed to determine whether combining radiomic features with clinical risk factors can improve the prediction of edema occurrence after Gamma-Knife radiosurgery (GKRS). Pre-GKRS MR radiomic features and clinical features were used to construct the prediction model. The model combing radiomic features and clinical features showed the highest performance for prediction of post-GKRS edema (AUC＝0.79). The outcomes of this study can provide a risk assessment to facilitate precision medicine in treating meningiomas.
Pulmonary Compliance Imaging Using Hyperpolarized Gas MRI
Authors: Zhang Ming , Li Haidong , Li Hongchuang , Zhao Xiuchao , Liu Xiaoling , Han Yeqing , Sun Xianping , Lou Xin , Ye Chaohui , Zhou Xin
Published: August 2023

Pulmonary compliance is generally measured using ventilator and esophageal balloon in clinical practice, and only global compliance could be obtained. In this study, we proposed a method for imaging pulmonary compliance using hyperpolarized (HP) 129Xe MRI. Lung compliance derived by HP 129Xe MRI could be used for quantifying the injuries caused by fibrosis in rats.
Comparison of multi-atlas based and template based method in the quantitative analysis of [18F]-FP-DTBZ PET
Authors: Pan Yiwei , Liu Shuying , Zeng Yao , Ye Chenfei , Qiao Hongwen , Song Tianbing , Lv Haiyan , Chan Piu , Lu Jie , Ma Ting
Published: August 2023

[18F]-FP-DTBZ PET provides reliable information for the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. Quantitative analysis of PET images requires a precise segmentation of the region of interest. Two [18F]-FP-DTBZ PET image quantification methods, multi-atlas based and template based methods were compared in this study. A total of 68 subjects were included, each of them underwent 3D T1-weighted MR imaging and [18F]-FP-DTBZ PET imaging. Twenty subjects were used to build atlases and 48 were used for validation. Using dice coefficient and ICC coefficient for evaluation, we observed that the multi-atlas based method showed better performance than the template based method.
New parameters on CEST imaging by multi pool model in gliomas in comparison with conventional IVIM and 11C-MET uptake on PET/CT
Authors: Takami Yasukage , Kimura Naruhide , Mitamura Katsuya , Norikane Takashi , Miyake Keisuke , Yamasaki Tatsuya , Ogawa Kazuo , Miyoshi Mitsuharu , Nozaki Atsushi , Nishiyama Yoshihiro
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation among parameters on CEST imaging by multi pool model, IVIM and 11C-methionine (MET) uptake on PET/CT in gliomas. The maximum values of the parameters on CEST imaging, the minimum parameters (ADC, D, D*) and maximum f on IVIM were measured respectively. 11C-MET uptake was semiquantitatively assessed using tumor-to-contralateral normal brain tissue (T/N) ratio. Several strong correlations were observed among some of the parameters. These preliminary results suggest that parameters on CEST imaging by multi pool model and IVIM seems to correlate with 11C-MET uptake on PET/CT in gliomas.
Comparison of 3D amide proton transfer (APT) and four advanced diffusion models in gliomas IDH status decoding
Authors: Hu Junjiao , Zhang Huiting , Guo Hu , Jiang Shan , Situ Weijun , Yang Guang , Liu Jun
Published: August 2023

The purposed of study was to compare the diagnostic efficacy of APT imaging and four diffusion models, including DTI, DKI, NODDI, and MAP, in evaluating genotype IDH status, and to find the best imaging indicators for aiding accurate diagnoses and treatment decisions. Compared with IDH-mutant gliomas, IDH-wildtype gliomas had significantly higher mean and maximum of APTw, maximum axial, mean and radial diffusivity from DKI, maximum mean square diffusivity from MAP and maximum isotropic volume fraction from NODDI, as well as lower minimum APTw value.
Quantification of CMRO2 in Posterior Fossa Area Using Dynamic 17O-MRI
Authors: Song Hao , Özen Ali , Schumann Stefan , Bock Michael
Published: August 2023

Direct quantification of cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption (CMRO2) is possible with dynamic 17O-MRI after inhalation of isotope-enriched 17O2. In this work, we investigated oxygen metabolism in posterior fossa tissue including cerebellum, pons and midbrain. The determined CMRO2 values in these areas were in good agreement with literature values obtained by 15O-PET studies. Our results demonstrate that dynamic 17O-MRI may provide a valuable tool for direct measurement of CMRO2 in posterior fossa tissue.
Detecting dopamine in vivo using paramagnetic CEST-MRI at 11.7T
Authors: Liu Ying , Meng Xianfu , Wang He
Published: August 2023

Detecting dopamine in vivo is critical for understanding many neurologic and psychiatric disorders. In this work, we developed a paramagnetic CEST-MRI method for dopamine detection using NaHoF4@DBA nanoparticles. Our results showed that the dopamine in mouse brain can be selectively enriched in the surface of the nanoparticles and detected by CEST-MRI. Moreover, we found that the magnitude of ST% map reflecting dopamine levels in the brain of SZ mice was relatively higher than that of PD mice.
Non-invasive assessment of PD-L1 expression status in non-small cell lung cancer using multi-parametric 18F-FDG PET/MRI
Authors: Meng Nan , Fu Fangfang , Huang Zhun , Li Ziqiang , Luo Yu , Feng Pengyang , Wu Yaping , Yuan Jianmin , Yang Yang , Wang* Meiyun
Published: August 2023

18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (18F-FDG PET/MRI) allows multimodal quantitative MRI sequences to be scanned in parallel with PET imaging, providing a more multidimensional reflection of lesion information. Our results showed that intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), amide proton transfer-weighted imaging (APTWI), and metabolism related parameters can be beneficial for the non-invasive assessment of PD-L1 expression in NSCLC patients, and the combination of SUVmax, D, and MTRasym(3.5ppm) may serve as a prognostic biomarker to guide immunotherapy.
In vivo measurement of human intraocular water movement using 1H-MRI with H217O saline eye drops
Authors: Tomiyasu Moyoko , Sahara Yasuka , Mitsui Etsuko , Tsuchiya Hiroki , Maeda Takamasa , Tomoyori Nobuhiro , Kawashima Makoto , Higashi Tatsuya , Mizota Atsushi , Kudo Kohsuke , Obata Takayuki
Published: August 2023

We observed the movement of 17O-labelled water (H217O) in the eyes of three volunteers using dynamic T2W 1H-MRI (3T). After a drop of H217O saline in the right eye, the signal intensity in the right anterior chamber decreased, reaching a minimum at 7–9 min, and then gradually recovered to close to that seen before the eye drop, by about 40 min. Signal decrease and recovery was also observed in the posterior chamber, but not in the vitreous body. These results show that H217O drops flow smoothly into the human anterior chamber and flow out slowly.
rNOE imaging detects distinctive neuropathology in Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) under deferoxamine treatment
Authors: Lai Ho Chi Joseph , Yang Tian , Huang Jianpan , Liu Yang , Lee Youngjin , Chan Wai Yan Kannie
Published: August 2023

We have shown that CEST (APTw and rNOE) contrast demonstrated distinctive changes of ICH mouse brains longitudinally1. As demonstrated by our published work2, the rNOE changes could be primarily associated with changes in myelin. Here, we studied the APTw and rNOE contrast after ICH up to 14 days, and under DFX treatment. We observed regional changes of APTw and rNOE contrast in the core and peri-hematoma regions, especially the significant difference (P<0.05) on day 3 with and without DFX treatment. Our immunohistochemistry data indicated that rNOE contrast correlated with myelin, which supports that rNOE could detect myelin pathology during ICH.
Quantitatively Evaluating the Effect of Fat on ADC Measurement in EP-DWI and PROPELLER-DWI Using Fat-Water Phantom
Authors: Peng Jo-Hua , Juan Chun-Jung , Liu Yi-Jui , Chou Ruey-Hwang , Chang Hing-Chiu , Liou Chang-Hsien , Chou Szu-Hsien , Wu Yen-Ting , Wu Bai-Wen , Peng Hsu-Hsia
Published: August 2023

ADC estimations are still known to be influenced by the content of fat. Fat suppression is normally applied in order to avoid the ADC measurement with fat contamination. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fat effect on ADC measurement by EP-DWI and PROP-DWI combined with different fat suppression techniques using a fat-water phantom with different fat fractions. Our results suggest that the ADC measurement is affected by the fat fraction and the MR sequences but not the fat suppression methods in EP-DWI.
White Matter Tract Microstructure Influences Semantic Memory & Emotion Perception Performance in the HCP Dataset
Authors: Zekelman Leo , Zhang Fan , Makris Nikos , He Jianzhong , Chen Yuqian , Xue Tengfei , Liera Daniela , Drane Daniel , Rathi Yogesh , Golby Alexandra , O'Donnell Lauren
Published: August 2023

Using dMRI and behavioral data from 809 participants in the Human Connectome Project, we examined how the microstructure of the white matter (WM) association tracts influences performance on assessments of semantic memory and emotion perception. WM tracts were extracted and measured using an automated WM tract atlas. We found the microstructure of left hemisphere tracts influenced semantic memory, while that of right hemisphere tracts influenced emotion perception performance. Furthermore, the microstructure of the left arcuate fasciculus influenced performance on both assessments. Our findings suggest WM tract microstructure relates to the opposing hemispheric dominance of language and theory of mind processing.
Folate Intake during Pregnancy is Associated with Greater White Matter Development in the Newborn Brain
Authors: Phelan Natalie , Raja Rajikha , Andres Aline , Ou Xiawei
Published: August 2023

This study examined potential relationships between maternal folate intake during pregnancy and neonatal brain white matter development. Healthy pregnant women were recruited at early pregnancy and their newborns underwent a brain MRI examination at ~2 weeks of age, including diffusion tensor imaging to assess white matter development. We found that folate intake during the second trimester of pregnancy positively correlated with fractional anisotropy (FA) values in brain white matter regions including the genu of corpus callosum and the external capsule. Our findings suggest positive impact of maternal folate intake during pregnancy on offspring brain white matter development.
Quantitative susceptibility mapping of early myelination in the posterior limb of internal capsule in neonates
Authors: Ma Brian , Bartels Lara , Kames Christian , Zhang Yuting , Weber Alexander , Rauscher Alexander
Published: August 2023

We performed quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) of the posterior limb of internal capsule (PLIC) in human neonates. As the PLIC is one of the earliest structures to myelinate, it is clearly visible as a hypointense structure on QSM. This work investigates the potential as a marker for brain health in neonates. There were no significant differences in magnetic susceptibility of the PLIC between healthy controls, injured preterm, and injured term neonates.
Diffusion tensor imaging quantification of white matter tracts in internal capsule and corpus callosum of type II GM1 gangliosidosis patients
Authors: Shazeeb Mohammed Salman , Vardar Zeynep , Peker Ahmet , Kuhn Anna , Johnston Jean , D'Souza Precilla , Acosta Maria , Tifft Cynthia
Published: August 2023

GM1-gangliosidosis is a rare heritable lysosomal storage disorder caused by accumulation of GM1-ganglioside due to deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme b-galactosidase required for sphingolipid degradation. Progressive accumulation of GM1-ganglioside in the central nervous system induces hypomyelination that results in progressive neurodegeneration. This study used quantitative diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in 20 type II GM1 patients to assess white matter tract changes in the internal capsule and corpus callosum of juvenile and late infantile patients. Several DTI parameters showed significant differences between the patient groups and compared to healthy subjects that may be important to track the progression of the disease.
Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI reveals decreased pulmonary perfusion in COVID-19 Survivors
Authors: Zhou Iris , Magaletta Michael , Mascia Molly , Alba George , Caravan Peter , Montesi Sydney
Published: August 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been shown to cause pathologic aberrancies in the vascular endothelium. We performed dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI on participants with prior COVID-19 to assess differences in pulmonary microvascular perfusion compared with healthy volunteers. Significantly reduced peak enhancement, slower rate of contrast arrival, and longer mean transit time were found in COVID-19 survivors compared to healthy controls, indicating reduced microvascular perfusion months after initial SARS-CoV-2 infection. The DCE MRI readouts can potentially be used as quantitative imaging biomarkers of pulmonary vascular change and may provide important insights into COVID-19 microvascular pathobiology and outcome.
The Spatial Resolution of Partial-Fourier-Accelerated EPI to Delineate a Submillimetre Voxel at 7T: Use of an Intensive Partial Fourier Factor
Authors: Yun Seong Dae , Celik Avdo , Schöneck Michael , Shah N. Jon
Published: August 2023

The employment of the partial Fourier technique for submillimetre-resolution EPI has been demonstrated in many recent MR studies. However, the performance of the resulting spatial resolution has not yet been thoroughly investigated. This work aims to evaluate the spatial resolution of high-resolution EPI protocols configured with various partial Fourier factors at 7T. The obtained results show that the spatial resolution of partial-Fourier EPI is mainly determined by the number of actually sampled points (matrix size × PF-factor). Here, the use of an intensive PF-factor (5/8) for high spatial resolution was also demonstrated with a relatively large matrix size.
Unbiasing orientationally-averaged diffusion MRI signal
Authors: Pieciak Tomasz , Afzali Maryam , Tristán-Vega Antonio , Aja-Fernández Santiago
Published: August 2023

The orientationally-averaging or the so-called power-averaging is a common approach to reduce the impact of macroscopic anisotropy in diffusion MRI (dMRI). This paper analytically derives two new closed-form unbiased orientationally-averaging diffusion MRI signal estimators and shows that the noise-related bias could be significantly suppressed with these new findings. The new formulas might be applied to retrospectively orientationally-averaged dMRI signals with minimal computational effort.
Simultaneous acquisition of water-fat concentrations and velocity images using a Phase-contrast Three-point Dixon method
Authors: Denecken Esteban , Arrieta Cristobal , Mella Hernán , Uribe Sergio
Published: August 2023

Phase-contrast in areas with a significant fat signal is subject to chemical shift artifacts where the fat signal interferes with the neighboring water signal. The purpose of this work is to present a novel three-point Dixon method that preserves the phase information in water and fat images and combines this method with phase-contrast to obtain water-fat concentration and velocity images from a single acquisition. We validate our method using a numerical phantom and MRI acquired in volunteers. Phase-contrast three-point Dixon and standard methods showed equivalent results comparing different ROIs of the PDFF using NRMSE.
NOise Reduction with Distribution Corrected (NORDIC) PCA improves signal-to-noise and functional connectivity in rodent resting-state fMRI
Authors: Wu Sarah , Chan Russell , Xue Yixi , Tse Emily , Hamilton-Fletcher Giles , Moeller Steen , Chan Kevin
Published: August 2023

The relatively poor temporal signal-to-noise ratio (tSNR) in resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI) serves to be a pressing area of improvement. NOise Reduction with Distributed Corrected (NORDIC) PCA can effectively increase tSNR. However, it has yet to be examined in rodent rsfMRI studies. Here, we applied NORDIC-correction to mouse rsfMRI, and evaluated the tSNR and functional connectivity against standard preprocessing data. NORDIC was able to significantly increase tSNR and reduce functional connectivity variability. NORDIC can also denoise rsfMRI signals at higher frequencies. Taken together, NORDIC can potentially become an important preprocessing step in future rodent rsfMRI studies.
A comparison of model-based deconvolution methods for estimating the carbon-dioxide response function in resting-state fMRI
Authors: Shams Seyedmohammad , Prokopiou Prokopis , Mitsis Georgios , Chen J. Jean
Published: August 2023

The resting-state fMRI response to carbon-dioxide (CO2) fluctuations is useful for denoising and for physiological mapping. In this work, we compare model-based deconvolution methods for estimating this response function (CRF) in a wide range of signal-to-noise conditions and with various assumed ground-truth CRF shapes. We also propose an improved method using canonical correlation analysis to identify the optimal CRF adaptively. The best choice of method depends on the desired CRF parameter, such as timing (dynamics) or area (static cerebrovascular reactivity). The inverse-Logit and adaptive CCA methods provided the highest accuracy and robustness.
Classification of Schizophrenia with Structural MRI Using 3D-MIGR Transformer
Authors: Tian Ye , Zhang Junhao , Zhu Xuemin , Lee Pin-Yu , Rao Vishwanatha , Xin Zhuoyao , Laine Andrew , Small Scott , Guo Jia
Published: August 2023

To detect distinctive structural abnormalities of schizophrenia early in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, we propose a 3D Medical Image Global-Regional (3D-MIGR) Transformer with a VGG11BN backbone followed by a global-regional transformer encoder, which outperforms state-of-the-art models. We trained and tested our model on 887 pre-processed structural whole-head (WH) T1W 3D images from 3 datasets with similar acquisition parameters. 3D-MIGR Transformer improves AUROC to 0.990 and demonstrates strong generality. We found that combining volume-level contextual information with patch-level features enhances performance and allows us to identify ventricle areas as the most informative regions in regional schizophrenia likelihood visualization.
Predicting Selective Inversion Recovery Myelin Images from Routine Clinical Images and a Simple Linear Model
Authors: Sisco Nicholas , Bagnato Francesca , Stokes Ashley , Dortch Richard
Published: August 2023

Using a simple linear model, we predicted myelin-specific PSR maps from clinically available images. We trained this linear model on various combinations of routine images, including gray-matter standardized T1- and T2-weighted images and diffusion maps. The model reasonably predicted PSR values from structural images alone, although model performance was improved by the addition of diffusion parameters. In the future, this model may enable researchers and clinicians to assess myelin status without the need for specialized myelin imaging sequences. In addition, myelin maps could be obtained retrospectively in large imaging databases without myelin specific methods.
Increased Brain Age Gap Estimate (BrainAGE) in APOE4 carriers with Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Zhu Xuemin , Lee Pin-Yu , Tian Ye , Laine Andrew , Nuriel Tal , Guo Jia
Published: August 2023

Recent evidence suggests APOE4 is the most potent genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease. However, researchers have not treated its impact on brain aging. We proposed a 3D Medical Image Global Regional (MIGR) Transformer to determine whether APOE4 affects brain age gap estimate using MRI. We achieved a mean absolute error of 4.71 on brain age estimate in a large healthy dataset (n = 2852) with an age range of 18-97 years from 13 public datasets. We investigated the brainAGE on three stages of Alzheimer’s disease. We found an accelerating trend of brain aging for APOE4 carriers.
MRI protocol recommendation using deep metric learning
Authors: Abdi Mohamad , Zhao Yu , Farhand Sepehr , Zeng Ke , Ranganath Mahesh , Shinagawa Yoshihisa , Hermosillo Gerardo
Published: August 2023

MRI requires careful design of imaging protocols and parameters to optimally assess a particular region of the body and/or pathological process. Selection of acquisition parameters is a challenging task because (a) the relationship between the acquisition parameters and the image features is typically non-trivial, and (b) not all users have the leverage to optimize their imaging protocols. To help users overcome these challenges and elevate the user experience, a deep metric learning tool was developed as a recommendation system for automatic candidate generation of imaging protocols. The feasibility of the model is evaluated using 3-dimensional brain MR images.
Bridging Structural MRI with Cognitive Function for Individual Level Classification of Early Psychosis via Deep Learning
Authors: Wen Yang , Zhou Chuan , Chen Leiting , Deng Yu , Cleusix Martine , Jenni Raoul , Conus Philippe , Do Kim , Xin Lijing
Published: August 2023

The aims of this study were: (1) to test the feasibility of using a deep learning model with 7T sMRI as an input to predict cognition levels (CLs) at the single-subject level, and (2) to investigate whether the inclusion of CLs estimation could facilitate the classification for early psychosis (EP) patients and healthy controls (HCs). Promising accuracy was achieved in estimating CLs and the inclusion provides considerable classification improvement. Fivefold cross-validating experiments demonstrated higher classification AUC-ROC scores over published methods. Therefore, deep learning can be used to estimate CLs and CL estimation improves the classification performance of EP.
A 3D SPACE-DIXON Technique for Fat Suppression in Knee Imaging
Authors: Keerthivasan Mahesh , Zhong Xiaodong , Bruno Mary , Khodarahmi Iman , Fritz Jan
Published: August 2023

We present a 3D SPACE-DIXON technique with improved fat suppression performance for musculoskeletal 3D SPACE MRI. Phantom experiments were used to evaluate the fat suppression efficiency. Preliminary in vivo results indicate the clinical utility of this technique for proton density-weighted 3D MRI.
Spin Echo-Echo Planar Imaging Sequence Validation for MR Elastography of Intervertebral Discs
Authors: Co Megan , Dong Huiming , Boulter Daniel , Nguyen Xuan , Khan Safdar , Raterman Brian , Klamer Brett , Kolipaka Arunark , Walter Benjamin
Published: August 2023

Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is an imaging technique that can non-invasively assess shear properties of intervertebral discs (IVD), a potential biomarker for disease. This study validated the use of a spin echo-echo planar imaging (SE-EPI) sequence for MRE of the IVD compared against the standard gradient recalled echo (GRE) sequence. Volunteers were scanned with the GRE and two variants of the SE-EPI sequence: SE-EPI with breath holds (SE-EPI-BH) and SE-EPI with free breathing (SE-EPI-FB). SE-EPI-based MRE-derived stiffnesses are highly reproducible and repeatable and correlate with current standard GRE MRE-derived stiffness estimates while reducing scan times and potentially improving patient compliance.
Model Predictive Filtering and Green’s Function Heat Kernel for Real-Time Volumetric MRTI of Laser Interstitial Thermotherapy
Authors: Marchant Joshua , Parker Dennis , Odéen Henrik
Published: August 2023

Laser interstitial thermotherapy (LITT) is a clinical treatment modality performed under the guidance of magnetic resonance temperature imaging (MRTI). Current limitations in MRTI prevent real-time volumetric monitoring of the tissue regions being treated. In this work, we investigate the use of the model predictive filtering method (MPF), using a Green’s function heat kernel, to reconstruct large field-of-view MRTI data of phantom heating to validate their use for future real-time volumetric MRTI treatment monitoring.
Differential Effect of Dementia Etiology on Cortical Stiffness as Assessed by MR Elastography
Authors: Pavuluri KowsalyaDevi , Scott Jonathan M. , Huston John , Ehman Richard L. , Manduca Armando , Jack Clifford R. , Savica Rodolfo , Boeve Bradley F , Kantarci Kejal , Petersen Ronald C. , Murphy Matthew C.
Published: August 2023

Dementia is a progressive neurodegenerative syndrome characterized by impairment in memory and activities of daily living, altered behavior, personality, and other cognitive dysfunctions. Around 50 million people have dementia worldwide, and there are nearly 10 million new cases every year. MR elastography is a non-invasive imaging technique to measure the mechanical properties of tissues and has demonstrated sensitivity to neurodegenerative processes. In this study we utilized two neural network inversions to investigate the viscoelastic property changes in cortical regions with both tissue- and environment-weighting in various etiologies of dementia including Alzheimer’s, frontotemporal dementia, and dementia with Lewy bodies.
MRI-based parenchyma CSF fraction (CSFF) mapping is a potential biomarker of brain drainage function: a multimodal imaging study
Authors: Zhou Liangdong , Nguyen Thanh , Li Yi
Published: August 2023

We demonstrated that, our proposed T2 relaxometry-based free water mapping, CSFF, could be an imaging biomarker of dilated PVS and CSF clearance function by correlating it with multiple brain clearance-related measures including PVS score, PC-MRI based aqueduct CSF flow, dynamic PET based ventricle CSF clearance, amyloid beta and tau deposits. Our results show that CSFF is positively associated with PVS score, aging, amyloid beta and tau deposits. And it negatively correlates with net aqueduct CSF flow, ventricle CSF flow, and cognitive score.
Resting-state functional networks in normal aging and asymptomatic Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Wu Junjie , Lin Qixiang , Risk Benjamin , Bisht Aditya , Loring David , Goldstein Felicia , Levey Allan , Lah James , Qiu Deqiang
Published: August 2023

We systematically studied alterations in 14 resting-state functional networks due to normal aging and AD pathology in the asymptomatic phase, as well as their relationship with CSF biomarkers for AD and neuropsychological assessments. We found disrupted functional connectivity in most of the functional networks with normal aging and compromised left executive control network (LECN) due to asymptomatic AD pathology. Furthermore, LECN is associated with overall cognition. Tau closely correlates with functional networks in asymptomatic AD.
Studying cerebrospinal fluid bulk flow in mice using high-resolution dynamic macromolecular gadolinium enhanced MRI on a whole-body 3T system
Authors: Kwok Wingchi , Brady Molly , Rahman Akib , Solorzano Alexander , Wood Ronald , Deane Rashid
Published: August 2023

Study of CSF flow can be used to assess CSF clearance pathways for the better understanding of neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. We developed a technique for macromolecular gadolinium enhanced dynamic MRI of CSF in mice on a whole-body 3T system. A specially designed 4-channel RF receive coil was developed, and a high-resolution 3D spoiled gradient-echo T1 sequence was used. Gadolinium-albumin contrast was injected into the cisterna magna. Contrast enhancement was detected in various locations including the olfactory lobe, nasal cavity, lymphatic system and spine cord. Lower contrast elimination rates were observed in old mice than in young mice.
Glutathione MRS of the Substantia Nigra in Parkinson Disease
Authors: Bashir Adil , Skidmore Frank , Denney Thomas
Published: August 2023

Glutathione in brain provides protection from oxidative stress. Autopsy studies have shown that glutathione levels are significantly reduced in substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson disease. In this study, we demonstrate the measurement of glutathione with MR spectroscopy in the human substantia nigra in vivo at 7T. Short echo-time STEAM pulse sequence was used to obtain high SNR spectra from Parkinson disease patients and healthy controls. Measured glutathione levels were significantly lower in patients when compared to healthy individuals.
Decreased Myelin Content on Myelin Water Imaging and Correlation with Cognitive Performance in Adults with Perinatal HIV
Authors: Patel Payal , Vecchio Alyssa , Chen Peter , Chiarella Jennifer , Kolind Shannon , Hoff Michael , Dvorak Adam , Vavasour Irene , Spudich Serena , Marra Christina , Paul Robert , Rane Swati
Published: August 2023

Little is known about the pathology of cerebral white matter injury occurring in HIV. Myelin water imaging quantifies myelin content and results are expressed as myelin water fraction (MWF). We defined the cognitive profile of virally suppressed adults with perinatally acquired HIV (pHIV) and demonstrate the association between MWF and cognition. Ten (58%) adults with pHIV were cognitively impaired. Lower global MWF correlated with worse performance in executive function (r: 0.762, p: 0.037). Cognitive impairment is common among our cohort of adults with virally suppressed pHIV. Decreased myelination occurs in pHIV and may be a pathologic substrate of cognitive impairment.