bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ON MIGRANTS WITH MIGRANTS: MIGRATIONS
5 YEARS AFTER EUROPE’S MIGRATION »CRISIS«
Authors: Toplak Cirila , Kurnik Andrej
Published: August 2021

Abstract. In which ways can we theorise the recent illegalised migrations in Europe? This article considers
theoretical novelties in the field of migration studies
that have emerged since the mass migration into the
European Union seen in 2015. Methodologically, the
authors combine critical (discursive) analysis with the
testing of certain still relevant theoretical concepts that
have yet to be applied in migration studies, based on
fieldwork along the Balkan Route over the last 5 years.
The analysis has shown that the defining and decisive
feature of the recent illegalised migrations, insufficiently considered by migrations scholarship, is the political
subjectivity and agency of the migrants. Recognition of
such agency makes migration the site of the critique of
global inequalities and the site of inclusive social transformation.
Keywords: Migrations; Europe; Political Theory; State;
Balkan Migrant Route
CLIMATE CRISIS: TIME TO RETHINK ECONOMIC
PLANNING BY DEMYSTIFYING CAPITALISM
AND ITS MARKET(S)
Authors: Vrečko Ilc Blaž
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The purpose of the article is to open up epistemological space for revitalising the idea of democratic
economic planning as a viable alternative vision. It
argues that a proper development of the idea must be
preceded by a comprehensive critical interrogation of a
hegemonic multidimensional ideological mystification
of capitalism and its markets. By utilizing Marxist and
eco-socialist insights the article identifies and analyses
several central ideological mystifications that enact an
epistemic closure. These range from the obfuscation
of capitalism’s role in creating the climate crisis as an
inherently unsustainable system, to the mystification of
its non-evolutionary origins, to the obfuscation of the
role economic planning plays in contemporary capitalism, to the mystification of markets as ideal spaces of
freedom and innovation obfuscating the ever present
market-related oppression, exploitation and environmental devastation, and to silencing concrete historical examples of democratic economic planning such as
project Cybersyn that should serve as an inspiration for
imagining an alternative order.
Keywords: climate change, ideological mystification,
democratic economic planning, capitalism, neoliberalism
POSTIMPERIALNI PATRIARHAT IN KARNEVALESKNA
PERIFERIJA: MELANIA TRUMP V TRANSNACIONALNI
JAVNOSTI
Authors: Vidmar Horvat Ksenija
Published: August 2021

Povzetek. Članek obravnava recepcijo prve dame
Melanie Trump v ameriškem in slovenskem javnem
prostoru. Analiza v prvem delu temelji na razčlenitvi
medijskih upodobitev v reviji The New Yorker. V drugem
delu se ukvarja z odzivi v slovenski javnosti s posebnim
poudarkom na dveh spletnih portalih (siol.si in delo.
si). Temeljna ugotovitev primerjave je, da v ameriškem
kontekstu prevladuje distribuiranje medijskih podob
Melanie Trump kot naturalizirane prve dame s koreninami na socialističnem Vzhodu. V slovenskem prostoru
je dejstvo etnične pripadnosti predmet prisvajanja v
nacionalno fantazijo, ki, nasprotno, utrjuje predstavo
o razvezi s socialistično preteklostjo, pri čemer pa se, kot
pokaže primer postavitve kipa v rojstni Sevnici, kažejo
tudi poskusi destabiliziranja dihotomije center-periferija. Študija si na podlagi teh dvoumnih odzivov zastavlja raziskovalno vprašanje usode simbolnega materinstva v dobi transnacionalizacije sodobnih družb.
Ključni pojmi: Melania Trump, prva dama, postsocializem, nacionalizem, spol, Vzhod
MEDIJI IN SPONTANI NACIONALIZEM:
PRIMER MELANIE TRUMP
Authors: Pušnik Maruša , Jontes Dejan
Published: August 2021

Povzetek. Članek analizira reprezentacije Melanie
Trump v slovenskih tiskanih medijih in raziskuje, kako
je bil v prispevkih o Melanii Trump konstruiran spontani nacionalizem, ta pa je bil v medijih povezan s promocijo slovenske nacije prek Melanie kot blagovne znamke.
Moč nacionalnih vezi, idej in tradicije je namreč vzdrževana in redistribuirana prek medijev in popularne
kulture, zato avtorja v nasprotju z literaturo s tega področja, ki medije večinoma obravnava le kot mediatorje,
v članku tudi kritično naslavljata vprašanje vloge medijev v procesu znamčenja nacije in jih obravnavata kot
neodvisne akterje. Avtorja analizirata 594 prispevkov o
Melanii Trump, objavljenih v slovenskih tiskanih medijih v obdobju treh mesecev v letih 2016 in 2017. Analiza
tiskanih medijev v Sloveniji je pokazala, da številne in
ponavljajoče se medijske reprezentacije »Melanie« potiskajo slovenski nacionalizem v komercialni kontekst in
posledično transformirajo nacijo v blago.
Ključni pojmi: medijski diskurz, komodifikacija, Melania
Trump, prva dama, nacionalizem, znamčenje nacije
The long-term transport and radiative impacts of the 2017 British Columbia pyrocumulonimbus smoke aerosols in the stratosphere
Authors: Das Sampa , Colarco Peter R. , Oman Luke D. , Taha Ghassan , Torres Omar
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Interactions of meteorology with wildfires in British Columbia,
Canada, during August 2017 led to three major pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb)
events that resulted in the injection of large amounts of smoke aerosols and
other combustion products at the local upper troposphere and lower
stratosphere (UTLS). These plumes of UTLS smoke with elevated values of
aerosol extinction and backscatter compared to the background state were
readily tracked by multiple satellite-based instruments as they spread
across the Northern Hemisphere (NH). The plumes were observed in the lower
stratosphere for about 8–10 months following the fire injections, with a
stratospheric aerosol e-folding time of about 5 months. To investigate the
radiative impacts of these events on the Earth system, we performed a number
of simulations with the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) atmospheric
general circulation model (AGCM). Observations from multiple remote-sensing
instruments were used to calibrate the injection parameters (location,
amount, composition and heights) and optical properties of the smoke
aerosols in the model. The resulting simulations of three-dimensional smoke
transport were evaluated for a year from the day of injections using daily
observations from OMPS-LP (Ozone Mapping Profiler Suite Limb Profiler). The
model-simulated rate of ascent, hemispheric spread and residence time (or
e-folding time) of the smoke aerosols in the stratosphere are in close
agreement with OMPS-LP observations. We found that both aerosol self-lofting
and the large-scale atmospheric motion play important roles in lifting the
smoke plumes from near the tropopause altitudes (∼ 12 km) to
about 22–23 km into the atmosphere. Further, our estimations of the
radiative impacts of the pyroCb-emitted smoke aerosols showed that the smoke
caused an additional warming of the atmosphere by about 0.6–1 W/m2
(zonal mean) that persisted for about 2–3 months after the injections in
regions north of 40∘ N. The surface experienced a comparable magnitude
of cooling. The atmospheric warming is mainly located in the stratosphere,
coincident with the location of the smoke plumes, leading to an increase in
zonal mean shortwave (SW) heating rates of 0.02–0.04 K/d during September
2017.
Reduced-cost construction of Jacobian matrices for high-resolution inversions of satellite observations of atmospheric composition
Authors: Nesser Hannah , Jacob Daniel J. , Maasakkers Joannes D. , Scarpelli Tia R. , Sulprizio Melissa P. , Zhang Yuzhong , Rycroft Chris H.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Global high-resolution observations of atmospheric composition from satellites can greatly improve our understanding of surface emissions through inverse analyses. Variational inverse methods can optimize
surface emissions at any resolution but do not readily quantify the error
and information content of the posterior solution. The information content
of satellite data may be much lower than its coverage would suggest because
of failed retrievals, instrument noise, and error correlations that
propagate through the inversion. Analytical solution of the inverse problem
provides closed-form characterization of posterior error statistics and
information content but requires the construction of the Jacobian matrix
that relates emissions to atmospheric concentrations. Building the Jacobian
matrix is computationally expensive at high resolution because it involves
perturbing each emission element, typically individual grid cells, in the
atmospheric transport model used as the forward model for the inversion. We
propose and analyze two methods, reduced dimension and reduced rank, to
construct the Jacobian matrix at greatly decreased computational cost while retaining information content. Both methods are two-step iterative
procedures that begin from an initial native-resolution estimate of the
Jacobian matrix constructed at no computational cost by assuming that
atmospheric concentrations are most sensitive to local emissions. The
reduced-dimension method uses this estimate to construct a Jacobian matrix
on a multiscale grid that maintains a high resolution in areas with high
information content and aggregates grid cells elsewhere. The reduced-rank
method constructs the Jacobian matrix at native resolution by perturbing the leading patterns of information content given by the initial estimate. We demonstrate both methods in an analytical Bayesian inversion of Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) methane data with augmented information content over North America in July 2009. We show that both methods reproduce the results of the native-resolution inversion while achieving a factor of 4 improvement in computational performance. The reduced-dimension method produces an exact solution at a lower spatial resolution, while the reduced-rank method solves the inversion at native resolution in areas of high information content and defaults to the prior estimate elsewhere.
Temporal dynamics of tree xylem water isotopes: in situ monitoring and modeling
Authors: Seeger Stefan , Weiler Markus
Published: August 2021

Abstract. We developed a setup for a fully automated, high-frequency in situ monitoring
system of the stable water isotope deuterium and 18O in soil water and
tree xylem. The setup was tested for 12 weeks within an isotopic labeling
experiment during a large artificial sprinkling experiment including three
mature European beech (Fagus sylvatica) trees. Our setup allowed for
one measurement every 12–20 min, enabling us to obtain about seven
measurements per day for each of our 15 in situ probes in the soil and tree
xylem. While the labeling induced an abrupt step pulse in the soil water
isotopic signature, it took 7 to 10 d until the isotopic signatures at
the trees' stem bases reached their peak label concentrations and it took
about 14 d until the isotopic signatures at 8 m stem height
leveled off around the same values. During the experiment, we observed the
effects of several rain events and dry periods on the xylem water isotopic
signatures, which fluctuated between the measured isotopic signatures observed
in the upper and lower soil horizons. In order to explain our observations,
we combined an already existing root water uptake (RWU) model with a newly
developed approach to simulate the propagation of isotopic signatures from the
root tips to the stem base and further up along the stem. The key to a proper
simulation of the observed short-term dynamics of xylem water isotopes was
accounting for sap flow velocities and the flow path length distribution
within the root and stem xylem. Our modeling framework allowed us to identify
parameter values that relate to root depth, horizontal root distribution and
wilting point. The insights gained from this study can help to improve the
representation of stable water isotopes in trees within ecohydrological models
and the prediction of transit time distribution and water age of transpiration
fluxes.
Comparing modified substrate-induced respiration with selective inhibition (SIRIN) and N2O isotope approaches to estimate fungal contribution to denitrification in three arable soils under anoxic conditions
Authors: Rohe Lena , Anderson Traute-Heidi , Flessa Heinz , Goeske Anette , Lewicka-Szczebak Dominika , Wrage-Mönnig Nicole , Well Reinhard
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The coexistence of many N2O production pathways in soil hampers differentiation of microbial pathways. The question of whether fungi are
significant contributors to soil emissions of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O) from denitrification has not yet been resolved. Here, three approaches to independently investigate the fungal fraction contributing to N2O from denitrification were used
simultaneously for,
as far as we know, the first time (modified substrate-induced respiration with selective inhibition (SIRIN) approach and two isotopic approaches,
i.e. end-member mixing approach (IEM) using the 15N site preference of N2O produced (SPN2O) and the
SP/δ18O mapping approach (SP/δ18O Map)). This enabled a comparison of methods and a quantification of the
importance of fungal denitrification in soil. Three soils were incubated in four treatments of the SIRIN approach under anaerobic conditions to promote denitrification. While one treatment
without microbial inhibition served as a control, the other three treatments were amended with inhibitors to selectively inhibit bacterial, fungal,
or bacterial and fungal growth. These treatments were performed in three variants. In one variant, the 15N tracer technique was used to
estimate the effect of N2O reduction on the N2O produced, while two other variants were performed under natural isotopic
conditions with and without acetylene. All three approaches revealed a small contribution of fungal denitrification to N2O fluxes (fFD) under anaerobic conditions in
the soils tested. Quantifying the fungal fraction with modified SIRIN was not successful due to large amounts of uninhibited N2O
production. In only one soil could fFD be estimated using modified SIRIN, and this resulted in 28 ± 9 %, which was possibly an
overestimation, since results obtained by IEM and SP/δ18O Map for this soil resulted in fFD of below 15 % and
20 %, respectively. As a consequence of the unsuccessful SIRIN approach, estimation of fungal SPN2O values was impossible. While all successful methods consistently suggested a small or missing fungal contribution, further studies with stimulated fungal N2O
fluxes by adding fungal C substrates and an improved modified SIRIN approach, including alternative inhibitors, are needed to better cross-validate
the methods.
On the impact of canopy model complexity on simulated carbon, water, and solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence fluxes
Authors: Wang Yujie , Frankenberg Christian
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Lack of direct carbon, water, and energy flux observations at global scales makes it difficult to calibrate land surface models (LSMs). The increasing number of remote sensing based products provide an alternative way to verify or constrain land models given its global coverage and satisfactory spatial and temporal resolutions. However, these products and LSMs often differ in their assumptions and model setups, for example, the canopy model complexity. The disagreements hamper the fusion of global scale datasets with LSMs. To evaluate how much the canopy complexity affects predicted canopy fluxes, we simulated and compared the carbon, water, and solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) fluxes using five different canopy complexity setups from a one-layered big-leaf canopy to a multi-layered canopy with leaf angular distributions. We modeled the canopy fluxes using a recently developed Land model by the Climate Modeling Alliance. Our model results suggested that (1) when using the same model inputs, model predicted carbon, water, and SIF fluxes were all higher for simpler canopy setups; (2) when accounting for vertical photosynthetic capacity heterogeneity, differences among canopy complexity levels increased compared to the scenario of a uniform canopy; (3) SIF fluxes modeled with different canopy complexity levels changed with sun-sensor geometry. Given the different modeled canopy fluxes with different canopy complexities, we recommend (1) not misusing parameters inverted with different canopy complexities or assumptions to avoid biases in model outputs, and (2) using complex canopy model with angular distribution and hyperspectral radiation transfer scheme when linking land processes to remotely sensed spectra.
The many flavours of STEAM education for an inclusive environment
Authors: Doran Priscila , Doran Rosa
Published: August 2021

STEAM is often seen as the integration of an art form into the teaching of sciences. Although that is not necessarily wrong, it is a very limited view of the powerful tool that STEAM learning can be. Just like a pizza, STEAM education can have “many flavours” and each of these “flavours” can be focused on with different intensities.POLAR STAR is an Erasmus project that focuses on innovative educational methods. One of its pillars is an innovative STEAM methodology that focuses on delivering an engaging education for a diverse classroom. To make the methodology more understandable, the team has come up with an amusing exercise called “the pizza challenge”. It invites teachers to create a pizza. The aim is to reflect on the fact that even for a specific diet (for e.g., vegan), different people with choose different ingredients and flavours according to their likes and dislikes. Similarly, in a classroom, each student will have their likes and dislikes, their interests, their way of thinking and of working, turning them into unique “consumers”. With this parallel, teachers realize that it is important to offer different “flavours” to different students in a classroom.The POLAR STAR methodology offers teachers a variety of lesson planners, focusing on the different flavours of STEAM. It guides teachers into reflecting on their students and choosing one or more activity templates for a given lesson. These templates can focus on STEAM (with special emphasis on a science-based activity), on STEAM (with special emphasis on an engineering-based activity) and on STEAM (with special emphasis on an arts-based activity). By diversifying the way they deliver their lessons teachers will be reaching a wider diversity of students and providing them with more engaging, motivational and interactive activities.POLAR STAR integrates these methodologies in a diverse kit of activities provided for teachers and students, following the different activity templates, in the fields of Astronomy and Polar Science, as well as holistic interdisciplinary learning approach, based on the Big Ideas of Science.All teachers are welcome in the project and can find more information on the projects’ website: http://polar-star.ea.gr/. During this talk the STEAM methodology to deliver Astronomy and Polar Science interactive lessons will be presented.
Overview and Science of DESTINY+
Authors: Arai Tomoko ,   DESTINY+ Team
Published: August 2021

DESTINY+ (Demonstration and Experiment of Space Technology for INterplanetary voYage with Phaethon fLyby and dUst Science) was selected in 2017 as a mission for JAXA/ISAS small class program. It will be launched in 2024 by an Epsilon S rocket and flyby Phaethon in January, 2028. It is a joint mission of technology demonstration and scientific observation. The engineering mission is led by ISAS/JAXA and the science mission is led by PERC, Chiba Inst. of Technology (ChiTech). It will test high performance electric propelled vehicle technology and high-speed flyby of asteroid (3200) Phaethon and possibly asteroid 2005UD, a likely break-up body from Phaethon, as an extended mission. Engineering challenges include an up-close encounter at a distance of 500 km from Phaethon with radio-optical hybrid navigation guidance and control, and autonomous imaging based on optical information for target tracking during a high-speed flyby of about 35km/sec. The science goal is to understand the nature and origin of cosmic dust brought onto the Earth, in the context of exogenous contribution of carbon and organics for possible prebiotic seeds of the terrestrial life. Phaethon is a parent body of Geminid meteor shower, and thus a known source to periodically provide dust to the Earth, via its dust stream. The science objectives are two folded: (1) in-situ analyses of velocity, arrival direction, mass and chemical composition of interplanetary and interstellar dust particles around 1 au, the dust trail, and nearby Phaethon, and (2) flyby imaging of Phaethon to study its geology, for understanding dust ejection mechanism of active asteroid and the surface feature and composition which are affected by extensive solar heating. Science payloads include a panchromatic, telescopic camera with a tracking capability (TCAP), a visible-NIR multi-band camera with four bands of 425, 550, 700, 850 nm (MCAP), and a dust analyzer (DDA), which is an upgrade version of Cassini Cosmic Dust Analyzer (CDA). While the two cameras are developed by PERC/Chitech, DDA is developed by Univ. of Stuttgart, as an international collaboration with DLR. Ground calibration for DDA is being performed with German/Japanese joint efforts. International observation campaign for Phaethon was conducted in December 2017, and that of asteroid 2005 UD in October, 2018. Also, international observation campaign for stellar occultation by Phaethon was performed in 2019. Here, we present the current status and science of DESTINY+ mission.
WAP-1D-VAR v1.0: development and evaluation of a one-dimensional variational data assimilation model for the marine ecosystem along the West Antarctic Peninsula
Authors: Kim Hyewon Heather , Luo Ya-Wei , Ducklow Hugh W. , Schofield Oscar M. , Steinberg Deborah K. , Doney Scott C.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) is a rapidly warming region, with
substantial ecological and biogeochemical responses to the observed change
and variability for the past decades, revealed by multi-decadal observations
from the Palmer Antarctica Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program. The
wealth of these long-term observations provides an important resource for
ecosystem modeling, but there has been a lack of focus on the development
of numerical models that simulate time-evolving plankton dynamics over the
austral growth season along the coastal WAP. Here, we introduce a
one-dimensional variational data assimilation planktonic ecosystem model (i.e., the
WAP-1D-VAR v1.0 model) equipped with a model
parameter optimization scheme. We first demonstrate the modified and newly
added model schemes to the pre-existing food web and biogeochemical
components of the other ecosystem models that WAP-1D-VAR model was adapted
from, including diagnostic sea-ice forcing and trophic interactions specific
to the WAP region. We then present the results from model experiments where
we assimilate 11 different data types from an example Palmer LTER growth
season (October 2002–March 2003) directly related to corresponding model
state variables and flows between these variables. The iterative data
assimilation procedure reduces the misfits between observations
and model results by 58 %, compared to before optimization, via an optimized set of
12 parameters out of a total of 72 free parameters. The optimized model results
capture key WAP ecological features, such as blooms during seasonal sea-ice
retreat, the lack of macronutrient limitation, and modeled variables and
flows comparable to other studies in the WAP region, as well as several
important ecosystem metrics. One exception is that the model slightly
underestimates particle export flux, for which we discuss potential
underlying reasons. The data assimilation scheme of the WAP-1D-VAR model
enables the available observational data to constrain previously poorly
understood processes, including the partitioning of primary production by
different phytoplankton groups, the optimal chlorophyll-to-carbon ratio of
the WAP phytoplankton community, and the partitioning of dissolved organic
carbon pools with different lability. The WAP-1D-VAR model can be
successfully employed to link the snapshots collected by the available data
sets together to explain and understand the observed dynamics along the
coastal WAP.
Latent Linear Adjustment Autoencoder v1.0: a novel method for estimating and emulating dynamic precipitation at high resolution
Authors: Heinze-Deml Christina , Sippel Sebastian , Pendergrass Angeline G. , Lehner Flavio , Meinshausen Nicolai
Published: August 2021

Abstract. A key challenge in climate science is to quantify the forced response in impact-relevant variables such as precipitation against the background of internal variability, both in models and observations. Dynamical adjustment techniques aim to remove unforced variability from a target variable by identifying patterns associated with circulation, thus effectively acting as a filter for dynamically induced variability. The forced contributions are interpreted as the variation that is unexplained by circulation. However, dynamical adjustment of precipitation at local scales remains challenging because of large natural variability and the complex, nonlinear relationship between precipitation and circulation particularly in heterogeneous terrain. Building on variational autoencoders, we introduce a novel statistical model – the Latent Linear Adjustment Autoencoder (LLAAE) – that enables estimation of the contribution of a coarse-scale atmospheric circulation proxy to daily precipitation at high resolution and in a spatially coherent manner. To predict circulation-induced precipitation, the Latent Linear Adjustment Autoencoder combines a linear component, which models the relationship between circulation and the latent space of an autoencoder, with the autoencoder's nonlinear decoder. The combination is achieved by imposing an additional penalty in the cost function that encourages linearity between the circulation field and the autoencoder's latent space, hence leveraging robustness advantages of linear models as well as the flexibility of deep neural networks. We show that our model predicts realistic daily winter precipitation fields at high resolution based on a 50-member ensemble of the Canadian Regional Climate Model at 12 km resolution over Europe, capturing, for instance, key orographic features and geographical gradients.
Using the Latent Linear Adjustment Autoencoder to remove the dynamic component of precipitation variability, forced thermodynamic components are expected to remain in the residual, which enables the uncovering of forced precipitation patterns of change from just a few ensemble members. We extend this to quantify the forced pattern of change conditional on specific circulation regimes.
Future applications could include, for instance, weather generators emulating climate model simulations of regional precipitation, detection and attribution at subcontinental scales, or statistical downscaling and transfer learning between models and observations to exploit the typically much larger sample size in models compared to observations.
Emulation of high-resolution land surface models using sparse Gaussian processes with application to JULES
Authors: Baker Evan , Harper Anna , Williamson Daniel , Challenor Peter
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Land surface models are typically integrated into global climate projections, but as their spatial resolution increases the prospect of using them to aid in local policy decisions becomes more appealing. If these complex models are to be used to make local decisions, then a full quantification of uncertainty is necessary, but the computational cost of running just one simulation at high resolution can hinder proper analysis. Statistical emulation is an increasingly common technique for developing fast approximate models in a way that maintains accuracy but also provides comprehensive uncertainty bounds for the approximation. In this work, we develop a statistical emulation framework for land surface models which acknowledges the forcing data fed into the model, providing predictions at a high resolution. We use The Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) as a case study for this strategy, and perform initial sensitivity analysis and parameter tuning to showcase its capabilities. JULES is perhaps one of the most complex land surface models, and so our success here suggests incredible gains can be made for all types of land surface model.
Compound flood potential from storm surge and heavy precipitation in coastal China: dependence, drivers, and impacts
Authors: Fang Jiayi , Wahl Thomas , Fang Jian , Sun Xun , Kong Feng , Liu Min
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The interaction between storm surge and concurrent precipitation is poorly understood in many coastal regions. This paper investigates the potential compound effects from these two flooding drivers along the coast of China for the first time by using the most comprehensive records of storm surge and precipitation. Statistically significant dependence between flooding drivers exists at the majority of locations that are analysed, but the strength of the correlation varies spatially and temporally and depending on how extreme events are defined. In general, we find higher dependence at the south-eastern tide gauges (TGs) (latitude < 30∘ N) compared to the northern TGs. Seasonal variations in the dependence are also evident. Overall there are more sites with significant dependence in the tropical cyclone (TC) season, especially in the summer. Accounting for past sea level rise further increases the dependence between flooding drivers, and future sea level rise will hence likely lead to an increase in the frequency of compound events. We also find notable differences in the meteorological patterns associated with events where both drivers are extreme versus events where only one driver is extreme. Events with both extreme drivers at south-eastern TG sites are caused by low-pressure systems with similar characteristics across locations, including high precipitable water content (PWC) and strong winds that generate high storm surge. Based on historical disaster damages records of Hong Kong, events with both extreme drivers account for the vast majority of damages and casualties, compared to univariate flooding events, where only one flooding driver occurred. Given the large coastal population and low capacity of drainage systems in many Chinese urban coastal areas, these findings highlight the necessity to incorporate compound flooding and its potential changes in a warming climate into risk assessments, urban planning, and the design of coastal infrastructure and flood defences.
Mapping liquid water content in snow: An intercomparison of mixed-phase optical property models using hyperspectral imaging and in situ measurements
Authors: Donahue Christopher , Skiles S. McKenzie , Hammonds Kevin
Published: August 2021

Abstract. It is well understood that the distribution and quantity of liquid water in snow is relevant for snow hydrology and avalanche forecasting, yet detecting and quantifying liquid water in snow remains a challenge from the micro- to the macro-scale. Using near-infrared (NIR) spectral reflectance measurements, previous case studies have demonstrated the capability to retrieve surface liquid water content (LWC) of wet snow by leveraging shifts in the complex refractive index between ice and water. However, different models to represent mixed-phase optical properties have been proposed, including (1) internally mixed ice and water spheres, (2) internally mixed water coated ice spheres, and (3) externally mixed interstitial ice and water spheres. Here, from within a controlled laboratory environment, we determine the optimal mixed-phase optical property model for simulating wet snow reflectance using a combination of NIR hyperspectral imaging, radiative transfer simulations (DISORT), and an independent dielectric LWC measurement (SLF Snow Sensor). Maps of LWC were produced by finding the least residual between measured reflectance and simulated reflectance in spectral libraries, generated for each model with varying LWC and grain size, and assessed against the in situ LWC sensor. Our results show that the externally mixed model performed the best, retrieving LWC with an uncertainty of ~1 %, while the simultaneously retrieved grain size better represented wet snow relative to the established scaled band area method. Furthermore, the LWC retrieval method was demonstrated in the field, imaging a snowpit sidewall during melt conditions, mapping pooling water, flow features, and LWC distribution in unprecedented detail.
STOCHASTIC EDUCATION IN CHILDHOOD: EXAMINING THE LEARNING OF TEACHERS AND STUDENTS
Authors: DE SOUZA ANTONIO CARLOS , ESPASANDIN LOPES CELI , DE OLIVEIRA DÉBORA
Published: August 2021

This paper presents discussions on stochastic education in early childhood, based on two doctoral research projects carried out with groups of preschool teachers from public schools in the Brazilian cities of Suzano and São Paulo who were participating in a continuing education program. The objective is to reflect on the analysis of two didactic situations related to the learning of statistics in mathematics classes. The results show evidence of the mathematics learning of the teachers who teach mathematics in early childhood. They also highlight the mathematical and statistical relations that children are able to establish when carrying out stochastic activities included in their childhood context.
First published November 2014 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
WHEN STATISTICAL LITERACY REALLY MATTERS: UNDERSTANDING PUBLISHED INFORMATION ABOUT THE HIV/AIDS EPIDEMIC IN SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: HOBDEN SALLY
Published: August 2021

Information on the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Southern Africa is often interpreted through a veil of secrecy and shame and, I argue, with flawed understanding of basic statistics. This research determined the levels of statistical literacy evident in 316 future Mathematical Literacy teachers’ explanations of the median in the context of HIV/AIDS survival times. Drawing on the three-tiered statistical literacy hierarchy proposed by Watson (1998, 2006) and the SOLO taxonomy (Biggs & Collis, 1982), a categorisation framework was constructed. About half the teachers were classified below the level of basic understanding of the median. Misunderstandings included confusion of the median survival time with the maximum survival time, and a failure to consider the spread of the data along with the centre.
First published November 2014 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
Hayat Bilgisi Ders Kitaplarında Yer Alan Soruların Eleştirel Düşünmeye Katkısının Öğretmen Görüşlerine Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: ŞAHİN Murat
Published: August 2021

The aim of this study is to examine the contribution of the questions in the Life Science course books to critical thinking according to the views of teachers. A case study pattern, which is one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the research. The study group consists of 12 Classroom Teachers working in the province of Van in the 2018-2019 academic year. In order to determine the study group, criterion based sampling method was used. Data were collected by semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher. Content analysis method was used for data analysis. The findings obtained at the end of the research are as follows: 1- Classroom teachers see individuals with critical thinking skills as inquiring, having a different perspective, producing solutions to problems, assimilating information, and making analysis and evaluation. 2- While the first grade teachers stated that the questions in the Life Studies textbooks contributed positively to the critical thinking skills of the students, the second and third grade teachers stated that they did not. 3- All of the classroom teachers suggested increasing the number of questions and linking the questions with real life so that the questions in the Life Studies textbooks could contribute more to the critical thinking skills of the students.
Argümantasyon Yönteminin Uygulanması Sürecinde Karşılaşılan Sınırlılıkların Tartışılması
Authors: İSPİR Bünyamin , YILDIZ Ali
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study is to discuss the limitations encountered during the implementation of the argumentation method in the classroom environment. In the study containing qualitative data, the document analysis method was employed. The research data were obtained from scientific articles and theses containing the findings about the limitations of the argumentation method and were analyzed according to the descriptive analysis. In the collection of data, all stages were carried out in accordance with the document review, such as accessing documents, checking the authenticity of the documents, understanding the documents, analyzing and using the data. In the process of evaluating the data of the study, the observations, intuitions and experiences of the researchers along with the findings of the examined publications were taken into consideration. Based on the findings obtained from the examined documents, observation, practice and experience, some suggestions were made that could minimize the limitations of the argumentation method.
Özgön’den Konya’ya Uzanan Göç: Tacigül Özgen Küntüz’un Kimlik ve Anavatana Dair Aidiyet Duygusunu İfade Etme Biçimi
Authors: ESHNAZAROVA Aikanysh , TOKTOGULOV Beishenbek
Published: August 2021

First generation diasporic immigrants, who have diasporic experience due to the trauma of forced migration, have a strong sense of belonging to the homeland. Even, they can transfer this sense of belonging to the next generations without losing its liveliness. In addition, the sense of belonging to the homeland is an important factor affecting the identity formation of the next generations. This study aims to investigate the second-generation member of the diasporic immigrant Özgen family, the painter Tacigül Özgen Küntüz's sense of belonging to the region of origin, her identity formation process and the way she expresses them. The study will deal with the works created by the painter in terms of identity and belonging.
The Effects of Local Food Consumption Motivations on Customer Satisfaction: A Research on Turkish Food
Authors: ŞAHİN PERÇİN Nilüfer , EREN Duygu , SEZGİN Ahu
Published: August 2021

The research was realized in order to determine local food consumption motivations on Turkish food of international food festival attendees and examine their satisfaction levels. The main population of the research was the guests attending “International Danang Food Festival”, held in the city of Danang, Vietnam between 31st May and 6th June 2019. The sampling of the study is the festival attendees experiencing Turkish foods. Data were collected from the attendees through the convenience sampling method as it is faster and and easier to be applied, when compared to other sampling types, during the festival lasted for seven days. According to the findings of the research, it is seen that there is a positive and significant relation between the local food consumption motivations of the attendees and satisfaction and hence, there is a covariance in local food consumption motivation and customer satisfaction. It was revealed that “health” and “learning” dimensions regarding local food consumption motivations affect customer satisfaction , “cultural experience “dimension has a negative effect on customer satisfaction and “interpersonal relations”, “ sensory experience” and “excitement” dimensions have no effect on customer satisfaction.
A Bibliometric Mapping of Educational Technology in Indonesia (2011-2020)
Authors: Darmawansah Darmawansah
Published: August 2021

This study reveals educational technology research trends in Indonesia for the consecutive ten years (2011-2020). The analysis included co-authorship, co-occurrence, citation, and co-citation by finding the top authors, universities, journals, the most used keywords, and citation variables. The data was taken from the Web of Science. A total of 248 studies were found and then shrunk into 59 studies related to educational technology. The mapping analysis used VOSviewer to visualize the selected studies. It was concluded that the Nurkhamid had the highest numbers of citations, while publications from Yogyakarta State University were declared as the most-cited papers. In terms of the most-cited journals (citation analysis), the Australasian Journal of Educational Technology was named on it, and Computers & Education was the most-cited based on co-citation analysis. Based on the co-occurrence analysis, some of the terms, including education, technology, activity theory, English, and science, were enunciated as the most used keywords in the selected period. Further analysis was discussed herein.
The Experiences of Students in Using Online Learning Platform During the Covid-19 Lockdown in Indonesia
Authors: Novita Leny , Yang Yu-Chuan , Rahim Titin Rahmiatin
Published: August 2021

This study explores students’ experience using online learning during the COVID 19 in Indonesia. The study employed qualitative data from an online questionnaire and interview through WhatsApp voice call. The experience of the five students during their learning online was examined, analyzed, and described. The findings showed that the five students revealed cognitive and affective responses. There were general themes presented in their responses, including (a) Prefer to study in a real classroom, (b) Creative teachers provide many learning strategies and are consistent, (c) Feeling bored and tired while studying online, (d) Family and technological support.
Policy Networks in Improving the Quality of Housing and Settlements in Indonesia (A Case Research of Bandung District)
Authors: Muharam Riki Satia , Taryono Ono , Maasir Lidia , M Siti Widharetno
Published: August 2021

Studies on slum housing and settlements have been carried out in many countries. The various studies show that the problem of housing and settlement areas can no longer be considered a simple problem. Different from the various studies on housing and settlement areas, this research employs the perspective of policy networks as a new public administration paradigm. The development issue on housing and settlement areas is regarded as one of the contemporary international issues contained in one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Several countries have become the focus of attention, such as: India, Mongolia, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, and Thailand. In Indonesia, the development of housing and settlement areas is mandated by law. The Local Government of Bandung District has made efforts to improve the quality of housing and settlements through such programs as the PLPBK, Rutilahu, and Kotaku. However, the improvement in the quality of housing and settlements in general has not touched the basic problem, namely the welfare of the community. The development is limited to physical improvements and lasts 1 (one) to 2 (two) years. In the third year the restored area becomes irregular / slum again. Therefore, it is recommended that the Bandung District government issue a local regulation in the form of a Regent Regulation concerning the improvement of housing and settlement quality and a plan for handling it as the legal bases. In addition, a collaboration of actors in policy networks should be formed based on the pentahelix model incorporating the actors of business, government, community, academic, and media.
Coexistence of Hip Torsional Deformities in Patients With Lumbar Disc Herniation; A Case-Control Study
Authors: Işın Yağmur , Kaya Erol , Hapa Onur , Kızmazoğlu Ceren , Gürsan Onur , Yanık Berkay , Özer Ercan
Published: August 2021

Objective: Coexistence of lumbar spine disorder with hip diseases is defined as Hip-Spine syndrome, there might be a relation between torsional deformities of the hip and lumbar disc disease. Purpose of the present study was to find whether hip torsional parameters (femur, acetabular anteversion) and clinical findings (hip range of motion, hip score) differ in patients with lumbar disc disease. Method: Patients with lomber disc herniation (n: 20) and control subjects (n: 20) without any lumbar spine or hip disease were enrolled in the study. Femoral anteversion (FeAv), acetabular anteversion (AA), center of edge angle (CE), degree of hip flexion, extension, Harris Hip scores (HHS) were evaluated bilaterally. Results: HHS score, degree of extension plus flexion was lower at diseased side when it is compared to the control subjects (p < 0.001). Unilaterally affected patients had lower AA than control subjects (AA: 13 ± 40 vs16 ± 20 p: 0.01). Conclusion: As there is a link between hip and spine disorders, present study aims to find whether there is a causal relation between hip torsional deviations and lumbar disc disease. Partially supporting the hypothesis, diseased side had lower degrees of acetabular anteversion compared to control subjects at unilaterally affected patients. Mechanical and /or hip torsional parameters especially the acetabular retroversion may have an etiopathogenetic role in unilateral lumbar disc disease.
Knowledge about evidence based pharmaceutical care in medical and non-medical population of Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Sohail Sundas , Shoukat Filza , Mukhtar Aisha , Shoukat Halima , Fatima Arooj , Sharif Faiza , Ahmad Ashfaq , Gilani Syed Amir
Published: August 2021

Pharmaceutical care related services provided by pharmacists in the community are mainly taking patients' medication history, informing patients about use of medications, informing patients about medication storage, and provide information about drug and/or food interaction. Objective: Toevaluate the knowledge about evidence based pharmaceutical care in medical and non-medicalpopulation of Lahore, Pakistan.Methods: A sample of 100 participants was drawn by using non-convenient sampling in this cross-sectional survey. Survey was conducted within the duration of 6 months from 2nd June, 2020 to 15th December, 2020. Data was collected from participants of different universities, societies and hospitals, having age between 25-40 years, both genders without discrimination of profession. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Qualitative data was calculated using frequencies and percentages. Results: In this study 63% medical and 37% non-medical participants respond to questionnaire. About 34% of the population had knowledge about pharmaceutical care. Almost 23%had lack of knowledge about pharmaceutical care while 43%participants did not respond.Conclusions:The knowledge about pharmaceutical care in general community is very vital and pharmacist shouldprovide knowledge and pharmaceutical care services to the patients.
Royalties nos Municípios Sergipanos: um estudo do impacto no investimento em educação e segurança pública
Authors: Galvão Nadielli Maria dos Santos
Published: August 2021

O objetivo do estudo foi averiguar o reflexo nos valores dos investimentos em educação e segurança pública que os municípios de Sergipe teriam com a aprovação do Projeto de Lei 7.321 de 2014. Para o alcance do desiderato realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva com abordagem quantitativa, utilizando-se do teste de diferença entre médias Wilcoxon. As simulações foram realizadas com base nos relatórios financeiros de 2015 a 2019. Os resultados apontaram que quanto à educação não haveria uma diminuição estatisticamente significativa dos recursos para o setor, enquanto que na área da segurança pública o incremento orçamentário seria relevante, garantindo recursos para boa parte dos municípios que não têm investido nenhum valor neste aspecto. O estudo trouxe uma ampliação da discussão sobre aplicação dos royalties de petróleo além da saúde e da educação permitindo a reflexão do corpo legislativo acerca da possibilidade de ajuste visando garantir investimento em outras áreas. Além disso, permite verificar a possibilidade de um melhor ajustamento orçamentário para tais áreas, visando uma alocação mais apropriada dos recursos não permitindo que áreas essenciais sejam esquecidas ou deixadas de lado na gestão local.