bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From the End of the War against Iran until the Conquest of Kuwait (1988–1990)
Authors: Malovany Pesach , Baram Amatzia , Woods Kevin M. , Englesberg Ronna
Published: January 2018

This chapter deals with the Iraqi Army in the period from the end of the war against Iran until the conquest of Kuwait (1988-1990). It describes the Iraqi Armed Forces after the war against Iran, their sense of power, their new fighting capabilities and operational experience and the changes the Armed Forces went through, This period was characterized by tension between Iraq and Israel and the Western countries led by the U. S. stemming from Saddam’s efforts to develop unconventional weapons. Simultaneously, the regime’s traditional desire to liberate Palestine and destroy the “Zionist entity” was revitalized. In parallel, Iraq’s economic difficulties brought to a crisis with Kuwait, who became an attractive target for the Iraqis in order to solve their problems and improve their situation.
“The Mother of All Battles” (“Desert Storm”), Phase Two
Authors: Malovany Pesach , Baram Amatzia , Woods Kevin M. , Englesberg Ronna
Published: January 2018

This chapter deals with the second phase of the Gulf war—operation “Desert Storm” called by the Iraqis “The Mother of all Battles– The ground and sea campaign (24-28 February, 1991). It describes the Coalition’s ground attack against the Iraqi forces in Kuwait and southern Iraq—opened on 24 February at dawn, and lasted four days. It included three sub-phases: a. breaching the Iraqi line of defence in Kuwait and on the border between Iraq and Saudi Arabia; b. the Iraqi retreat from Kuwait and the Coalition’s forces flanking action inside Iraq; c. the battles against the Republican Guard in southern Iraq. It also describes The Iraqi Navy’s role in the campaign, especially the fighting on the island of Faylaka.
The Intifada, March 1991
Authors: Malovany Pesach , Baram Amatzia , Woods Kevin M. , Englesberg Ronna
Published: January 2018

This chapter deals with the Intifada, the great popular uprising against the regime that broke out in Iraq in March 1991 in the Shiite territories in the south and spread to Kurdistan in the north. The Sunni areas in the center of the country remained quiet throughout the period. It describes its causes and the rebels success in occupying a number of cities in the southern region and in Kurdistan, constituted a serious threat to the regime that responded immediately. It describes the regime cruel suppression of the rebels and the supporting civilian population by his loyal forces, the Republican Guard and the Special Republican Guard, involving much bloodshed, but succeeding in totally quelling the uprising.
The Regime’s Struggle against Internal Opposition
Authors: Malovany Pesach , Baram Amatzia , Woods Kevin M. , Englesberg Ronna
Published: January 2018

This chapter deals with the regime’s struggle against internal opposition and the internal security problem after 1991, and how it responded to it. These included open resistance by different factions of the population (mainly Shiites), which continued even after the brutal suppression of the Intifada (March 1991), as well as growing attempts in the 1990s by various elements in the armed forces to stage a military coup. These developments caused Saddam to place defending the regime against internal threats at the top of his agenda, whereas the struggle against external threats was considered to be of secondary importance. The regime’s chief response was to strengthen Iraq’s intelligence and security organizations and enlarge the forces that defend the regime, and employing harsh measures against any opposition.
“Training, Training, Training”
Authors: Malovany Pesach , Baram Amatzia , Woods Kevin M. , Englesberg Ronna
Published: January 2018

This chapter deals with the Training system of the Iraqi armed forces. It describes the Training Division of the General Staff, its missions and responsibilities and its development, especially during the Iran-Iraq war, the Iraqi Military Doctrine and training methods, and the staff directorates subordinated to it. It also describes the basic training of the officers in the military colleges as well as the advanced training of officers in the colleges of the Al-Bakr University for high military studies. The chapter deals also with the training methods of the Iraqi Army during the Iran-Iraq war and the lessons-learning process that had been developed during the wars. It deals also with the Iraqi aid to Arab armies during the years.
The Logistic System
Authors: Malovany Pesach , Baram Amatzia , Woods Kevin M. , Englesberg Ronna
Published: January 2018

This chapter deals with the Logistic System of the Iraqi Armed Forces, that included several important staff and field directorates. It describes the organization and structure of the Logistic Division in the General Staff and its role and missions, the changes it went through during the wars, and its importance to support the forces during war and peace times. It deals with the field logistical directorates—the Supply and Transportation, Equipment, Administrative Corps, Military Works, Electrical Mechanical Engineering (EME) and others, as well as the rear logistic system—the Lines of Communication Area and the rear areas/military districts. It describes their background and history, organization and structure, missions and responsibilities, their training systems, their role in the wars, especially in the Iran-Iraq war, and the lessons learned from the different wars.
Additional Military Organizations
Authors: Malovany Pesach , Baram Amatzia , Woods Kevin M. , Englesberg Ronna
Published: January 2018

This chapter deals with additional military or quasi-military forces outside the army that operated alongside the army in wartime. They included the Border Guard Forces, that fought in the war against Iran; the Popular Army, the militia of the Ba’ath party that supported the regular army during that war and the one in Kuwait (in 1991); the Kurdish forces, which fought alongside the Iraqi Army in Kurdistan, both against the Iranians and the Kurdish opposition organizations; and the Civil Defence Directorate, whose purpose was to aid the country’s citizens in defending themselves against wartime damage and natural disasters. It describes their background, organization and structure, their development, training, activities and participation it the different wars during the Ba’ath regime.
The Forces for the Defense of the Regime
Authors: Malovany Pesach , Baram Amatzia , Woods Kevin M. , Englesberg Ronna
Published: January 2018

This chapter deals with the forces for the defense of the regime. It describes the varied security and intelligence bodies during the Ba’ath regime, whose purpose was to foil any attempt to seize power by force or harm the leadership. These included the personal guard of Saddam and his family; the Special Security Organization (SSO); the Special Republican Guard and the Republican Guard. To these must be added the long-established intelligence and security organizations—the general security, general intelligence, military intelligence, military security and party security organizations, as well as new security forces that were established after the 1991 Intifada, the “Fedayeen Saddam” and the emergency forces in the districts, and in the major cities.
On the Defensive, October 10–14
Authors: Even General Jacob , Maoz Colonel Simcha B.
Published: January 2018

Even and Maoz divide the Southern Command’s six-day defensive period into three sections. October 9 was a pseudodefensive during which the 143rd Division saw great violence. October 10–13 was a time of restive dormancy, and October 14 brought a role change and a reversal of fortune to the IDF. Physically, this period of the war featured low-intensity combat interspersed with furious fire at key points, while diplomatically, drama roiled, future moves were planned, and crucial issues were decided. During the division’s four days of dormancy, Sharon reorganized his brigades, absorbed reinforcements, repaired equipment, and formulated operational plans for the eventual canal crossing.
The Egyptian Attack, October 14
Authors: Even General Jacob , Maoz Colonel Simcha B.
Published: January 2018

By the evening of October 12, reports surfaced of the Egyptians’ intent to dispatch commando units against various targets in order to attack the canal front and transfer armored reserves into Sinai. From that time until the October 14 sunrise, when nearly one thousand Egyptian tanks amassed on the eastern bank of the canal, the General Staff and Southern Command created a reserve force of around 750 tanks, deployed on the line from north to south. The ultimate goals of the Egyptian army’s offensive were lost to history when Egyptian president Anwar Sadat died, but Even and Maoz do their best to reconstruct the axes of the attack.
The Crossing Battle, Part 2
Authors: Even General Jacob , Maoz Colonel Simcha B.
Published: January 2018

The 143rd Division had two primary tasks to accomplish during the crossing battle on the night of October 15–16: to open and secure the Akavish and Tirtur Roads to access the bridgehead, and to bring their division, as well as the 162nd Division and other forces, to the western side of the canal in preparation for Operation Stouthearted Men. The second task was assigned to the 247th Brigade, which would begin by securing a bridgehead on the other side of the canal. Then the 421st Brigade would deploy the crossing equipment and the bridging battalions would construct and maintain bridges over the canal. This task was the linchpin of the division’s entire mission—the success of Operation Stouthearted Men and the crossing battle depended on the 247th Brigade’s ability to capture, secure, and defend the bridgehead.
“Better Is the End of a Thing Than the Beginning Thereof” (Eccles. 7:8)
Authors: Even General Jacob , Maoz Colonel Simcha B.
Published: January 2018

Even and Maoz note that by its nature, war is waged to achieve goals, and as such, there is a continuum of victory to defeat rather than a win/lose dichotomy. They discuss the varied aims Israel had when entering the Yom Kippur War, from their goals prior to the 1973 war, to their practical goals for the Yom Kippur War, as well as Egypt’s objectives. At the war’s end in 1973, both Egypt and Israel believed, justifiably, that they had won a great victory because they fought for two separate but related goals. Israel sought to remove Egypt from the circle of war, and Egypt hoped to regain territory it had lost in 1967. Even and Maoz conclude that, ultimately, everyone won the war.
Introduction
Authors: Laslie Brian D.
Published: January 2018

On 30 September 1974, General Laurence S. Kuter, US Air Force retired, sat on a small chair in his apartment in Naples, Florida. He wore an open-collar button-down short-sleeved shirt and pants with a pattern of crossed golf clubs. His skin was a deep bronzed color thanks to the days in retirement spent on the golf courses of the southwestern Florida coastal city. At nearly seventy years of age, he still looked every part an air force general. With the general in his apartment sat two air force historians who were there to conduct an oral history interview to preserve the historical value of the general’s life from his earliest days through World War I and his experiences in the newly formed US Air Force of the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s. It was part of a program that Brigadier General Kuter himself authorized in the early days of American involvement in World War I when he directed that the Air Staff Historical Section gather history “while it is hot” and that “personnel be selected and an agency set up for a clear historian’s job without axe to grind or defense to prepare.” That directive, signed in July 1942, and the documents, interviews, mission reports, and other items collected during the war became the nucleus of the official archives of the US Air Force, now held at the Air Force Historical Research Agency. This was made possible because Kuter directed that that material be collected, preserved, and archived. Kuter himself might have been unaware at the time that so much of his own story would be captured by this program and that years later his personal remembrance of events would itself be archived away as an official report....
The Air Corps Tactical School
Authors: Laslie Brian D.
Published: January 2018

The intellectual underpinnings for the development of American air power after the First World War took place at the Air Corps Tactical School, located at Langley Field, Virginia from 1920 to 1931 and thereafter at Maxwell Field in Alabama. Chapter Two traces the true changes in air power thought and theory that began at ACTS in 1930s. Graduates of ACTS included air power luminaries included Harold George, Haywood “Possum” Hansell, Hoyt Vandenberg, George Kenney, Ira Eaker, Claire Chennault, and Kuter, “Larry” to his friends. This chapter is important because it shows these theorists, not only great thinkers, but men, who lived, laughed, argued, and drank with each other. Finally, this chapter discusses the schism that developed between the adherents of strategic bombardment theory and those who focused on pursuit (fighter) aviation. It was not just a doctrinal dispute, but one that tore friendships apart.
Updated Molecular Testing Guideline for the Selection of Lung Cancer Patients for Treatment With Targeted Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: Guideline From the College of American Pathologists, the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, and the Association for Molecular Pathology
Authors: Lindeman Neal I. , Cagle Philip T. , Aisner Dara L. , Arcila Maria E. , Beasley Mary Beth , Bernicker Eric H , Colasacco Carol , Dacic Sanja , Hirsch Fred R. , Kerr Keith , Kwiatkowski David J. , Ladanyi Marc , Nowak Jan A. , Sholl Lynette , Temple-Smolkin Robyn , Solomon Benjamin , Souter Lesley H , Thunnissen Erik , Tsao Ming S. , Ventura Christina B. , Wynes Murry W , Yatabe Yasushi
Published: January 2018

Context.—

In 2013, an evidence-based guideline was published by the College of American Pathologists, the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, and the Association for Molecular Pathology to set standards for the molecular analysis of lung cancers to guide treatment decisions with targeted inhibitors. New evidence has prompted an evaluation of additional laboratory technologies, targetable genes, patient populations, and tumor types for testing.

Objective.—

To systematically review and update the 2013 guideline to affirm its validity; to assess the evidence of new genetic discoveries, technologies, and therapies; and to issue an evidence-based update.

Design.—

The College of American Pathologists, the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, and the Association for Molecular Pathology convened an expert panel to develop an evidence-based guideline to help define the key questions and literature search terms, review abstracts and full articles, and draft recommendations.

Results.—

Eighteen new recommendations were drafted. The panel also updated 3 recommendations from the 2013 guideline.

Conclusions.—

The 2013 guideline was largely reaffirmed with updated recommendations to allow testing of cytology samples, require improved assay sensitivity, and recommend against the use of immunohistochemistry for EGFR testing. Key new recommendations include ROS1 testing for all adenocarcinoma patients; the inclusion of additional genes (ERBB2, MET, BRAF, KRAS, and RET) for laboratories that perform next-generation sequencing panels; immunohistochemistry as an alternative to fluorescence in situ hybridization for ALK and/or ROS1 testing; use of 5% sensitivity assays for EGFR T790M mutations in patients with secondary resistance to EGFR inhibitors; and the use of cell-free DNA to “rule in” targetable mutations when tissue is limited or hard to obtain.
Conclusion
Authors: Atkinson Juliette
Published: January 2018

There are sound reasons for concluding in 1870–1. The Franco-Prussian War affected attitudes towards France, some of France’s major novelists died, a new generation of novelists led by Zola was on the rise, and the 1870 Education Act created fresh concerns about the composition and tastes of the reading public. Although interest in French literature did not begin in the 1870s, as many critics have claimed, the decade did mark a more defiant attitude towards supposed Victorian prudery, and a willingness to highlight and champion the transgressive qualities of French literature. It was in this period that censorshiptook centre stage, but those who resisted it were also ambivalent about the wisdom of allowing readers to access French works indiscriminately. As in previous decades, the critical discourse was often quietly challenged by reading practices.
Chinese History as a Constructed Continuity
Authors: Barrett T. H.
Published: January 2018

The continuity of Chinese history, through the unfolding of the ‘dynastic cycle’ of its successive imperial regimes, has been taken as one of the great truisms of discourse on China. Yet assertions of cultural continuity in China have emerged in recent research much more as tendentious fictions, cultural artefacts themselves designed to stitch together disparate elements over time—the daotong or ‘Transmission of the Way’ proposed by Neo-Confucians, is one good example. And looking at Chinese history as a sequence of political powers, the transmission of what was seen as a form of imperium, zhengtong, or ‘Correct Succession’, has also long been considered as technically problematic. The modern scholar Rao Zongyi has a well-researched monograph on these debates that deserves to be better known, especially as history as an element in Chinese identity is now coming to assume an increased contemporary importance.
Introduction
Authors: Bildhauer Bettina , Jones Chris
Published: January 2018

Here the editors review the long history of medievalism, starting with its origins as a period designation and continuing to survey its use in contemporary public discourse as a term of political opprobrium, and its influence as a source of inspiration and creativity in cultural and artistic endeavour in the twenty-first century. An overarching historical narrative of medievalism is therefore sketched out, in order that the detailed studies of individual chapters may be better contextualised. It is suggested that medievalism remains one of the main tropes by which the West figures itself as ‘modern’, and governs its relationship with the rest of the globe.
Time, Place, Language and Translation: Ciaran Carson’s The Inferno and The Táin
Authors: Mccarthy Conor
Published: January 2018

Ciaran Carson’s translations of two major medieval texts, The Inferno (2002) and The Táin(2007), are part of a broader body of translation within his work. Appearing during a decade when a number of English-language poets turned their attention to the Middle Ages, Carson’s translations are in tune with other recent approaches in seeing affinities between his own circumstances and those of the medieval texts he translates. Carson’s approach is notable for a commitment to the formal qualities of the source texts. But these translations are also informed by Carson’s practice elsewhere, and both texts intersect with an interest in the themes of time, place, language, and translation across Carson’s broader body of work.
Visuality, Violence and the Return of the Middle Ages: Quentin Tarantino’s Inglourious Basterds as an Adaptation of the Nibelungen Story
Authors: Bildhauer Bettina
Published: January 2018

This chapter argues for the first time that Quentin Tarantino based his film Inglourious Basterds in part on the medieval tale of the Nibelungs, as mediated chiefly through Fritz Lang’s Nibelungen. Inglourious Basterds can therefore be fruitfully read as an instance of medievalism, perpetuating as well as re-evaluating the widespread association of the Middle Ages with violence. An awareness of this intertext allows a nuanced interpretation of Inglourious Basterds’ stance on the power as well as manipulability of visual signs, always seen in the context of their materiality. Tarantino’s adaptation also allows fresh perspectives on the medieval Song of the Nibelungs, especially on its depiction of violent revenge. These in turn throw into relief Tarantino’s interpellation of the viewer through violence and other techniques to prevent the passive spectator position that popular culture is often accused of demanding. The film succeeds in subtly altering the conventions of cinematic representations of premodernity, and in re-appropriating a tainted national origin myth for an international audience.
Black Skin, Green Masks: Medieval Foliate Heads, Racial Trauma, and Queer World-Making
Authors: Dinshaw Carolyn
Published: January 2018

The medieval foliate head has proven to be a powerful icon in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries in the US and UK, not only of human interdependence with non-human nature but also of sexual and racial boundary crossings among humans. This decorative motif known popularly as the Green Man – a human head made of leaves, or with vegetation sprouting from it – was almost ubiquitous in English and Western European church sculpture from the late eleventh to the sixteenth centuries. These aesthetically intricate, affectively intense images represent bodies that are strange mixtures, weird amalgams: they picture intimate trans-species relations. Drawing on recent theories of queer inhumanism, this chapter analyses uptakes of foliate head imagery in festivals (including Burning Man), sexual subcultures (the Radical Faeries), and literature (Randolph Stow’s Girl Green as Elderflower), focusing particularly on traumatic postcolonial contexts out of which new queer worlds are imagined.
Soviet Music Studies Outside Russia: Glasnost’ and After
Authors: Zuk Patrick
Published: January 2018

This chapter offers an overview of the principal developments in scholarship on Soviet music over the last two decades, highlighting notable achievements and the opening up of important new areas of study, in addition to assessing the extent to which perspectives on the period have undergone considerable change. It concludes with a discussion of the sizeable lacunae in knowledge that remain, and attempts to suggest potentially fruitful areas for further enquiry.
Soviet Music in Post-Soviet Musicology: The First Twenty Years and Beyond
Authors: Frolova-Walker Marina
Published: January 2018

The chapter is structured around several thorny issues that shape and define our conversation about Soviet music and contemporary Russian musical life across the East–West divide. Among these are the continuing exoticisation of Soviet music by the West and the persisting taboo areas in Russian musical research today. In conclusion, an attempt is made to suggest how these prejudices and blind spots can be overcome to further scholarship and to create the mutual understanding that is needed for effective dialogue between Russian and Western musicologists, especially in the light of renewed tensions between Russia and the West.
Glinka in Soviet and Post-Soviet Historiography: Myths, Realities and Ideologies
Authors: Zavlunov Daniil
Published: January 2018

The advent of glasnost’ prompted a reassessment of many aspects of Russia’s musical past, especially in regard of key figures such as the composer Mikhail Glinka. The revisionism that swept Glinka scholarship in Russia itself thereafter promised much: new and better understanding of Glinka and his music, investigation of previously forbidden topics and reassessment of the sources. Although recent Russian studies have sought to re-contextualise and to reappraise the composer’s life and works in relation to the Western European musical tradition, problematically, this revisionist scholarship tends to fall victim to the clichés that it would seek to avoid: Glinka’s divergence from selected models is generally attributed not to his personal style, but to his Russianness, forcing us to perpetuate the myth of Glinka’s musical uniqueness vis-à-vis his nationality.
Is there a ‘Russia Abroad’ in Music?
Authors: Taruskin Richard
Published: January 2018

Departing from an article by Arthur Lourié published in 1931 which posits a fundamental split between the music produced by Russian composers in the Soviet Union and that produced by Russian composers living abroad as émigrés—and asserts that the latter, not the former, are the ones producing the true Russian music of the day—this paper considers (in the light of Marc Raeff’s Russia Abroad and its treatment of émigré culture) what it takes to maintain a cultural community in diaspora, and whether expatriated Russian musicians have ever constituted such a community.
Paradigms of Contemporary Music in Twenty-First-Century Russia
Authors: Ader Lidia
Published: January 2018

This chapter offers an account of the circumstances in which contemporary composers have had to operate since the collapse of the Soviet Union and the attendant diminution in state support for the arts which had been provided under the Communist regime. In addition to assessing the implications of these changes in practical terms, it also analyses the cultural, social, and historical factors which have caused new music to remain at the margins of general awareness. The second part of the chapter surveys the ways in which the principal stylistic tendencies evident in Russian new music today evince a lingering ambivalence in attitudes towards the West.
Between teetotalism and free trade: The rise of temperance politics in Liverpool
Authors: Beckingham David
Published: January 2018

Liverpool’s licensing magistrates innovated in 1861 by introducing a version of free trade to the system for granting alcohol licences. This chapter provides a detailed analysis of their decision and its outcomes. It begins, however, with an examination of the rise of temperance in the city, and argues that there was a broad shift from a temperance outlook that was based on personal betterment and salvation to a more publicly political temperance that targeted the civic structures that regulated the sale of alcohol.
Women and the public house
Authors: Beckingham David
Published: January 2018

Victorian attitudes to drinking reflected a series of double standards. This chapter looks at the way in which gendered attitudes to drink shaped the relationship of women to the public house – as workers and as customers. It focuses on the way in which the layout of pubs was manipulated in order to shape behaviour on and off the premises. It also considers the importance of age, and restrictions on child messengers who were sent to pubs to buy beer. By considering the movement of drink in this way, it argues that licensing was taken outside of the public house and into the city: the licensed city of the book’s title.
The reformed licensing system: Slum clearance and social reform
Authors: Beckingham David
Published: January 2018

This chapter situates licensing against the broader politics of urban reform in Liverpool. It begins by profiling the work of the Corporation in reforms to slum housing and the attempts by the licensing magistrates to reduce the numbers of pubs in these areas. Drink maps formed an important part of this work, helping the magistrates to identify areas that looked over-provisioned. It then turns to investigations of this Liverpool system that were written by magistrates from Glasgow and Dundee in order to assess the status of Liverpool as a pro-active and exemplary model of reform of and by licensing.
‘Our Platform is Broad Enough and our Movement Big Enough’ – The War and Recruits to Labour
Authors: Swift David
Published: January 2018

This chapter deals with the question of how the war impacted on Labour’s electoral fortunes after 1918. It considers the post-war influx of Liberals who felt that Labour was now the real home of the radical Liberal tradition, the experiences of soldiers and ex-servicemen specifically, and the extent to which the Left made ‘cultural’ appeals to voters: as Englishmen and women, as Britons, as patriots, as Anglicans, as Catholics, and as individual people. This chapter argues that support for the war was critical to the successes of Labour in the inter-war period. Not only did it prevent a Parliamentary annihilation in 1918, it secured patriotic credentials to counter-balance the influx of middle-class radicals; prevented a break with the trade unions; and facilitated Labour’s appeals to a working-class culture based on family, neighbourhood, pubs and patriotism. It will be argued here that this cultural appeal to the wider working class allowed Labour to win support from beyond both the heavily unionised skilled workers and the Nonconformist tradition which had hitherto provided most of its support, and that the experience of the war – and labour patriotism during that conflict – was essential to this cultural appeal.
Introduction
Authors: Bidnall Amanda
Published: January 2018

The history of West Indian (or Caribbean) migration to Great Britain and its impact on British national identity have been the subjects of growing scholarly interest, but they are often viewed in terms of racial tension and conflict—as a series of crisis moments marked by violence and growing anti-immigration sentiment. This Introduction states the author’s thesis that in the years after the Second World War, when the British Empire was reinventing itself as a “New” Commonwealth, and decolonization was on the horizon, a coterie of artists fused a catholic array of concerns in their work and found an echo in the British cultural establishment. They worked within British cultural institutions and trends and expressed a positive vision of national belonging that was multi-racial, anti-racist, and focused on Britain’s historic connection to its West Indian colonies. In doing so, these men and women were less symbols of a racial divide or national angst than they were a driving force behind a postwar cultural revolution. The chapter also reviews some of the essential primary and secondary literature in British cultural studies, the history of Black Britain, and contemporary sociological studies of English “race relations.”
West Indian Interventions at the BBC
Authors: Bidnall Amanda
Published: January 2018

“West Indian interventions at the BBC” examines the Corporation’s sponsorship of and collaborations with Trinidadian singer Edric Connor, Trinidadian talent agent Pearl Connor, and British Guianese actor and singer Cy Grant. Edric Connor used the BBC’s mandate to educate and uplift viewer and listeners to promote Caribbean culture, history and artists. Pearl Connor channelled the Corporation’s demand for colonial talent into the business of professionalizing and directing West Indian performers in London. She created opportunities for her clients by helping expand their niche and persuading producers to cast black actors in a wider range of roles. Cy Grant had the voice, looks, and charm to secure a long-running presence on the Tonight program. Their success highlights a moment when the BBC was open to a progressive vision of the nation’s future. Ultimately, however, the cultural priorities of these artists diverged from the Corporation, a fact that was strikingly apparent by the 1960s. Only then did the disillusionment so characteristic of later generations of ‘black British’ artists become pronounced.
London Calypso
Authors: Bidnall Amanda
Published: January 2018

“London Calypso” examines the burst of popular enthusiasm for Trinidadian calypso that coincided with the arrival of the first generation of postwar settlers to London from the Caribbean. To explain this phenomenon, Bidnall traces the calypso’s roots as a vehicle of unbridled social commentary and bawdy celebration. The reflections of calypsonians Lord Kitchener, Lord Beginner, Lord Invader and others, captured on records from labels like Melodisc and Parlophone, were therefore a unique barometer of the rewards and frustrations of postwar migration for the West Indian community. “London Is The Place For Me” may be the most celebrated of this oeuvre, but the legacy of the London calypsonians is rawer and more unbridled.
Conclusion
Authors: Kirk Neville
Published: January 2018

The Conclusion summarises the successes and failures and strengths and weaknesses of Mann and Ross in terms of their stated objectives and political careers as a whole. It shows that they achieved limited successes in their overriding aims to build the labour and socialist movements and successfully challenge capitalism nationally, internationally and transationally. It then moves to an appraisal of the relationship between Mann’s and Ross’s transnational, global, international and national attachments, allegiances and identities. It concludes that while the fact and strength of their transnationalism cannot be doubted, nevertheless, these other attachments continued to exist alongside and impact upon their transnationalism in important ways. This suggests the historiographical advisability of continuing to engage ‘the transnational’, ‘the national’, ‘the international’ and ‘the global’ rather than simply concentrating upon the transnational level. The Conclusion offers a final word on the relevance of Mann and Ross to today’s left-wing radicals.
The Influence of the Orange Order
Authors: Roberts Keith Daniel
Published: January 2018

The chapter outlines how the Orange Institution came to prominence in Liverpool. It describes its development as a religious, political, and social organisation which catered to the needs of its members and community. It outlines how the Orange Institution was held in high esteem by the city’s Conservative leaders who utilised the power of the Order, while the Order utilised its own influence on municipal leaders. The chapter then goes on the show how the influence of the Orange Institution has dwindled.
The Diminishing Politics of Sectarianism: How Class Politics Displaced Identity Politics
Authors: Roberts Keith Daniel
Published: January 2018

Chapter five assesses the interplay between the religious and political divide. It asserts that to rival the Tory-Orange-Protestant caucus, the Liberals would also play on sectarianism to gain votes, often labelling themselves the ‘home rule’ party. The Protestant Party, Irish Nationalist Party, and Labour’s connection with Catholicism are also considered. The chapter describes how politicians on both sides used animosity for electoral success, and also demonstrates how Liverpool’s Labour Party became increasingly secular as the twentieth century progressed. The growth of more ‘normal’, class-based politics and the striving for better economic conditions (in difficult circumstances) became more powerful motivators than religion. This chapter explains how and why.
Everton and Liverpool Football Clubs: New Gods
Authors: Roberts Keith Daniel
Published: January 2018

The final chapter asks if and (if so) why football has become the ‘new religion’ of the city, as adherence to Christianity went into decline. It acknowledges how those without a religion often designate their football allegiance as their ‘religion’ on social media and even when filling out census returns. As such, it examines to what extent football has taken on an almost spiritual dimension in the city? The author notes how football’s elevation to a level of an all-embracing, hegemonic power within the city may have helped displace religion as the key divide and object of identification in the port, as for many people on Merseyside, Everton FC or Liverpool FC are as significant to their life as the Catholic Church or the Orange Order once were to a majority of people on Merseyside. Evidence gathered from supporters of both teams, politicians, clergymen, journalists, and others is analysed.
Introduction: Plato’s Atlantis Story
Authors: Gill Christopher , Gill Christopher
Published: January 2018

The introduction offers an interpretative reading of the two Greek texts that make up Plato’s Atlantis story, which takes full account of recent scholarship. The introduction discusses each part of the two texts, in sequence, and discusses how far they constitute a coherent whole. The focus is on the literary presentation of the story and its philosophical significance. The overall aim is to make sense of Plato’s philosophical objectives in composing and presenting this story in the way he does, and to relate these objectives to Plato’s larger philosophical aims.The introduction also discusses Plato’s use of dialogue form, the Atlantis story as myth, and the reception of the story in antiquity and modern times. There is an appendix on the hypothesis that the story was based on a record of Minoan Crete, a hypothesis which is criticised here. Although there have been many modern attempts to ‘find’ Atlantis, as it were a real place, this introduction treats the story as a philosophical fiction, as do virtually all recent scholarly treatments.
Timaeus 17a–27b
Authors: Gill Christopher
Published: January 2018

Plato begins the Timaeus by marking a connection with the theory of the Republic, but also indicating that this theory will be treated selectively. He makes Socrates summarize the ‘ideal state’ of Republic Books II to V, of which the basic institution was that of a guardian class in charge of government and defence, and living as a cohesive group without private property or family life. Socrates includes reference to the elementary education of the guardian class (...
Distant Empathy
Authors: Panaïté Oana
Published: January 2018

The chapters looks at how encounters born from crossing boundaries between territories, cultures, languages and memories can either amplify or mitigate relations of antagonism, domination or rivalry in the works of J. M. G. Le Clézio, Laurent Gaudé, Marie Darrieussecq, focusing in particular on a phenomenon termed “writing (as) Africans.”
Algeria’s Mortified Memory
Authors: Panaïté Oana
Published: January 2018

Anger and incivility are integral parts of the post-colonial ethos that oriented France’s response to the violent dismantling of its colonial empire in the wake of World War II. The chapter examines the recent convergence between autobiographical and documentary writings by Harkis and Pieds-noirs which present two distinct yet interconnected types of memorial writing that recollect or re-enact the colonial past by setting it in contrast with the post-colonial present, thus marking a turn from “memory wars” (Stora) to what I call the “anger consensus.”
The New Jerusalem and the Rue Vavin
Authors: Reznicek Matthew L.
Published: January 2018

It is well known that Somerville and Ross were deeply influenced by the art of fin-de-siècle Paris, but little scholarship explores their representations of that city. This chapter argues that the individual’s ability to exist within the city is firstly determined by one’s relationship to economics, which is, fundamentally, shaped by one’s gender. For Somerville and Ross, Paris in the nineteenth century is a place of artistic possibilities that is not equally available.
Personalidade e risco: estudo em finanças comportamentais
Authors: Provenzano Heloisa Iara Colchete , Klotzle Marcelo Cabus , Silva Paulo Vitor Jordão da Gama , Pinto Antonio Carlos Figueiredo
Published: January 2018

A tolerância ao risco é um fator importante que influencia uma ampla gama de decisões financeiras pessoais e é definida como a quantidade máxima de incerteza que alguém está disposto a aceitar ao se tomar uma decisão financeira ou a disposição de se envolver em comportamentos cujos resultados são incertos com possibilidade de se ter um resultado negativo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a relação entre tolerância ao risco e personalidade entre universitários. Para isto, foi desenvolvido e aplicado um questionário à 96 alunos e ex-alunos da PUC-Rio. O questionário baseou-se no teste Big Five de personalidade (GOLDBERG, 1990), no teste de gênero psicológico denominado Bem Sex Role Inventory (BEM, 1997) e na escala de tolerância ao risco de Grable e Joo (2004). Também foram coletados dados sócio-demográficos, tendo em vista as variáveis de: sexo, faixa etária, estado civil, escolaridade, composição familiar e renda familiar. Por meio de técnicas econométricas, foram desenvolvidos modelos nos quais o score de tolerância ao risco atua como variável dependente e as variáveis independentes são representadas pelo gênero psicológico, pela personalidade, na interação entre ambas e por dados sócio-demográficos. Os resultados apontaram que quanto maior os escores de gênero psicológico masculino e a estabilidade emocional maior a tolerância ao risco. Também foi observado que indivíduos do sexo masculino, com menor idade, que moram sozinhos, com nível de ensino superior e divorciados tem uma maior a tolerância ao risco.
Gestão de pessoas e relações de trabalho: análise da produção científica publicada nos anais dos ENGPR
Authors: Macêdo Dartagnan Ferreira de , Oliveira Railson Silva , Ataide João Antônio da Rocha , Gomes Carolina Maria Ferreira , Santos Julio Marcel dos , Costa Antonio Carlos Silva
Published: January 2018

Nos últimos anos, as pesquisas sobre o desenvolvimento das organizações têm tratado de forma concatenada os temas relacionados à gestão de pessoas e às relações de trabalho, de modo a evidenciar a importância existente nas duas áreas de estudo da administração. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho revela o resultado da análise dos artigos publicados nos anais dos EnGPR – Encontro de Gestão de Pessoas e Relações de Trabalho, promovido bienalmente pela ANPAD - Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Administração, até a edição 2013. Como principais resultados, observou-se a predominância de estudos relacionados às convergências entre gestão de pessoas, relações de trabalho e comportamento organizacional e sobre prazer e sofrimento no trabalho, com ênfase metodológica nos estudos empíricos, de abordagem qualitativa, por meio de estudos de caso. A maioria dos trabalhos adveio de pesquisadores da região Sudeste e as referências nacionais foram as mais usadas pelos estudos. Dessa forma, foi possível, a partir das conclusões do trabalho, traçar um panorama geral da produção acadêmica sobre a temática dos campos de gestão de pessoas e relações de trabalho, além de ilustrar os temas de interesse dos pesquisadores e a estrutura metodológica dos trabalhos na área.
Aplicación del SEEQ como instrumento para evaluar la actividad docente universitaria
Authors: Andrade-Abarca Paola S. , Ramón Jaramillo Lizeth Natali , Loaiza-Aguirre María I.
Published: January 2018

En la presente investigación se aplicó el cuestionario “Student Evaluation of Educational Quality” (SEEQ) en el contexto latinoamericano, con el objetivo de conocer la percepción de los estudiantes acerca de la actividad docente universitaria. Se utilizó el método cuantitativo para realizar una medición minuciosa de las variables a través del análisis descriptivo e inferencial univariado. La muestra se conformó por 820 estudiantes de una universidad latinoamericana, quienes se encontraban cursando diferentes años en diversas áreas de saberes. Se confirmó la confiabilidad del instrumento al aplicarlo en un contexto diferente al que fue desarrollado.
Los principales resultados muestran que: (1) los profesores universitarios se destacan en las dimensiones de aprendizaje y tarea, (2) los estudiantes perciben que el estímulo, motivación y suministro de lecturas y tareas mejoran su aprendizaje y (3) se presentaron deficiencias del profesorado en habilidades de tipo social, siendo poco visibles la actitud del docente para relacionarse con los alumnos y la habilidad para atraer su atención. Dadas las asociaciones que se presentaron entre las dimensiones evaluadas, las debilidades pueden ser mejoradas mediante el desarrollo de estrategias encaminadas a la formación de los profesores desde una perspectiva integral del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.
Evaluación de las competencias profesionales a través de las prácticas externas: incidencia de la creatividad
Authors: Mareque Álvarez-Santullano Mercedes , De Prada Creo Elena
Published: January 2018

Esta investigación pretende analizar en qué medida existe una correspondencia entre la formación académica recibida por el alumnado y las exigencias del mercado laboral desde punto de vista competencial, con especial atención a la creatividad. Para alcanzar este objetivo se ha recurrido a la información obtenida de las prácticas externas en empresas, que proporcionan un entorno ideal para el desarrollo y evaluación de las competencias profesionales que debe adquirir el alumnado, ya que constituyen un elemento de transición para la incorporación al mercado laboral. Se han examinado un total de 274 prácticas realizadas durante los cursos 2013-14 y 2014-15 de los estudios de grado de la Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales y Turismo de la Universidad de Vigo. Tanto los alumnos como los tutores en las empresas recibieron un informe para valorar, de forma individual, una relación de idénticas competencias para ambos grupos desarrolladas a lo largo de las prácticas. Los resultados obtenidos en nuestro estudio muestran que, en general, la puntuación promedio de todas las competencias evaluadas, tanto por alumnos como por los tutores de las empresas, es, en todos los casos, alta, exceptuando el caso de la creatividad, competencia que ha sido valorada con la puntuación más baja por ambos grupos.
El abandono en el recorrido formativo del estudiante de ADE de la Universidad de Barcelona
Authors: Freixa Niella Montserrat , Llanes Ordóñez Juan , Venceslao Pueyo Marta
Published: January 2018

El presente artículo corresponde a un análisis del abandono de la carrera de ADE en primer, segundo y tercer curso; las diferentes causas que hacen que el alumnado abandone y los motivos.
La metodología es de carácter cuantitativo descriptivo, utilizando un cuestionario como instrumento
de recogida de información. Se presentan, en primer lugar, el análisis cuantitativo de los motivos de abandono y, en segundo, el análisis del discurso de los estudiantes. La investigación demuestra que el abandono universitario no puede interpretarse únicamente como abandono del sistema educativo puesto que un número importante de estudiantes reingresa en otros grados universitarios o ciclos formativos. Sitúa, a su vez, claras diferencias en las causas de abandono para aquellos estudiantes que simultanean trabajo y estudios y los que sólo estudian.
Para estos últimos, la desmotivación y las expectativas no cumplidas en relación a la carrera sería una causa fundamental. Encontramos otros motivos de abandono preeminentes en las dificultades de compaginación entre trabajo y estudios; el fracaso académico y la construcción de una identidad profesional débil.
Heterosexual, ¿qué es eso? Percepciones sobre identidades sexuales en educación secundaria
Authors: Francisco Amat Andrea , Aguirre García-Carpintero Arecia , Moliner Miravet Lidón
Published: January 2018

Este artículo tiene como objetivo mostrar los resultados de una investigación llevada a cabo para conocer las percepciones del estudiantado respecto a la identidad sexual. Durante el curso 2015/16 se administró el “Cuestionario sobre orientación sexual” (Leif, 2000) a 213 estudiantes –107 chicas y 106 chicos– de un centro público de educación secundaria de la ciudad de Barcelona. Se ha llevado a cabo un análisis de contenido cualitativo alrededor del conocimiento y aceptación de las identidades y su vivencia en entornos familiares y de amistad. Al mismo tiempo, se ha realizado un análisis descriptivo en el que se analizó la distribución de frecuencias.
Las respuestas aportadas por el estudiantado se sitúan entre el desconocimiento, el esencialismo y el monosexismo. Estos resultados corroboran la falta de inclusión de las diversidades afectivo sexuales en las aulas. Por ese motivo, creemos necesario apostar por una educación inclusiva como herramienta eficaz para repensar las actuales prácticas educativas y las relaciones de poder presentes en espacios educativos.