bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distributed Thermal Monitoring of High-Voltage Power Lines
Authors: Rácz Levente , Szabó Dávid , Göcsei Gábor , Németh Bálint
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this paper is to present the sensor placement strategies that currently determine the thermal monitoring of the phase conductors of high-voltage power lines. In addition to reviewing the international literature, a new sensor placement concept is presented based on a strategy centered on the following question: What are the chances of thermal overload if devices are only placed in certain tension sections? In this new concept, the number and installation location of the sensors are determined in three steps, and a new type of tension-section-ranking constant is introduced that is universal in space and time. The simulations based on this new concept show that the data-sampling frequency and the type of thermal constraint influence the number of sensors. The paper’s main finding is that there are cases when only a distributed sensor placement strategy can result in safe and reliable operation. However, due to requiring a large number of sensors, this solution means additional expenses. In the last section, the paper presents different possibilities to reduce costs and introduces the concept of low-cost sensor applications. These devices can result in more flexible network operation and more reliable systems in the future.
Assessing a Methodology for Evaluating the Latency of IPv6 with SCHC Compression in LoRaWAN Deployments
Authors: Sisinni Emiliano , Fernandes Carvalho Dhiego , Depari Alessandro , Bellagente Paolo , Flammini Alessandra , Pasetti Marco , Rinaldi Stefano , Ferrari Paolo
Published: February 2023

The Internet of Things (IoT) approach relies on the use of the Internet Protocol (IP) as a pervasive network protocol. IP acts as a “glue” for interconnecting end devices (on the field side) and end users, leveraging on very diverse lower-level and upper-level protocols. The need for scalability would suggest the adoption of IPv6, but the large overhead and payloads do not match with the constraints dictated by common wireless solutions. For this reason, compression strategies have been proposed to avoid redundant information in the IPv6 header and to provide fragmentation and reassembly of long messages. For example, the Static Context Header Compression (SCHC) protocol has been recently referenced by the LoRa Alliance as a standard IPv6 compression scheme for LoRaWAN-based applications. In this way, IoT end points can seamlessly share an end-to-end IP link. However, implementation details are out of the specifications’ scope. For this reason, formal test procedures for comparing solutions from different providers are important. In this paper, a test method for assessing architectural delays of real-world deployments of SCHC-over-LoRaWAN implementations is presented. The original proposal includes a mapping phase, for identifying information flows, and a subsequent evaluation phase, in which flows are timestamped and time-related metrics are computed. The proposed strategy has been tested in different use cases involving LoRaWAN backends deployed all around the world. The feasibility of the proposed approach has been tested by measuring the end-to-end latency of IPv6 data in sample use cases, obtaining a delay of less than 1 s. However, the main result is the demonstration that the suggested methodology permits a comparison of the behavior of IPv6 with SCHC-over-LoRaWAN, allowing the optimization of choices and parameters during deployment and commissioning of both infrastructure components and software.
Optimization of a Microwave Polarimeter for Astronomy with Optical Correlation and Detection
Authors: Pascual-Cisneros Guillermo , Casas Francisco J. , Vielva Patricio
Published: February 2023

Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) B-modes detection is the main focus of future CMB experiments because of the valuable information it contains, particularly to probe the physics of the very early universe. For this reason, we have developed an optimized polarimeter demonstrator sensitive to the 10–20 GHz band in which the signal received by each antenna is modulated into a Near Infrared (NIR) laser by a Mach–Zehnder modulator. Then, these modulated signals are optically correlated and detected using photonic back-end modules consisting of voltage-controlled phase shifters, a 90-degree optical hybrid, a pair of lenses, and an NIR camera. During laboratory tests, a 1/f-like noise signal related to the low phase stability of the demonstrator has been found experimentally. To solve this issue, we have developed a calibration method that allows us to remove this noise in an actual experiment, until obtaining the required accuracy level in the measurement of polarization.
Industrial PLC Network Modeling and Parameter Identification Using Sensitivity Analysis and Mean Field Variational Inference
Authors: Wonnacott Raelynn , Ching David S. , Chilleri John , Safta Cosmin , Rashkin Lee , Reichardt Thomas A.
Published: February 2023

A multiple input multiple output (MIMO) power line communication (PLC) model for industrial facilities was developed that uses the physics of a bottom-up model but can be calibrated like top-down models. The PLC model considers 4-conductor cables (three-phase conductors and a ground conductor) and has several load types, including motor loads. The model is calibrated to data using mean field variational inference with a sensitivity analysis to reduce the parameter space. The results show that the inference method can accurately identify many of the model parameters, and the model is accurate even when the network is modified.
Innovative Photonic Sensors for Safety and Security, Part II: Aerospace and Submarine Applications
Authors: Cutolo Antonello , Bernini Romeo , Berruti Gaia Maria , Breglio Giovanni , Bruno Francesco Antonio , Buontempo Salvatore , Catalano Ester , Consales Marco , Coscetta Agnese , Cusano Andrea , Cutolo Maria Alessandra , Di Palma Pasquale , Esposito Flavio , Fienga Francesco , Giordano Michele , Iele Antonio , Iadicicco Agostino , Irace Andrea , Janneh Mohammed , Laudati Armando , Leone Marco , Maresca Luca , Marrazzo Vincenzo Romano , Minardo Aldo , Pisco Marco , Quero Giuseppe , Riccio Michele , Srivastava Anubhav , Vaiano Patrizio , Zeni Luigi , Campopiano Stefania
Published: February 2023

The employability of photonics technology in the modern era’s highly demanding and sophisticated domain of aerospace and submarines has been an appealing challenge for the scientific communities. In this paper, we review our main results achieved so far on the use of optical fiber sensors for safety and security in innovative aerospace and submarine applications. In particular, recent results of in-field applications of optical fiber sensors in aircraft monitoring, from a weight and balance analysis to vehicle Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) and Landing Gear (LG) monitoring, are presented and discussed. Moreover, underwater fiber-optic hydrophones are presented from the design to marine application.
Neural Networks for Hyperspectral Imaging of Historical Paintings: A Practical Review
Authors: Liu Lingxi , Miteva Tsveta , Delnevo Giovanni , Mirri Silvia , Walter Philippe , de Viguerie Laurence , Pouyet Emeline
Published: February 2023

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) has become widely used in cultural heritage (CH). This very efficient method for artwork analysis is connected with the generation of large amounts of spectral data. The effective processing of such heavy spectral datasets remains an active research area. Along with the firmly established statistical and multivariate analysis methods, neural networks (NNs) represent a promising alternative in the field of CH. Over the last five years, the application of NNs for pigment identification and classification based on HSI datasets has drastically expanded due to the flexibility of the types of data they can process, and their superior ability to extract structures contained in the raw spectral data. This review provides an exhaustive analysis of the literature related to NNs applied for HSI data in the CH field. We outline the existing data processing workflows and propose a comprehensive comparison of the applications and limitations of the various input dataset preparation methods and NN architectures. By leveraging NN strategies in CH, the paper contributes to a wider and more systematic application of this novel data analysis method.
Temporal Pattern Attention for Multivariate Time Series of Tennis Strokes Classification
Authors: Skublewska-Paszkowska Maria , Powroznik Pawel
Published: February 2023

Human Action Recognition is a challenging task used in many applications. It interacts with many aspects of Computer Vision, Machine Learning, Deep Learning and Image Processing in order to understand human behaviours as well as identify them. It makes a significant contribution to sport analysis, by indicating players’ performance level and training evaluation. The main purpose of this study is to investigate how the content of three-dimensional data influences on classification accuracy of four basic tennis strokes: forehand, backhand, volley forehand, and volley backhand. An entire player’s silhouette and its combination with a tennis racket were taken into consideration as input to the classifier. Three-dimensional data were recorded using the motion capture system (Vicon Oxford, UK). The Plug-in Gait model consisting of 39 retro-reflective markers was used for the player’s body acquisition. A seven-marker model was created for tennis racket capturing. The racket is represented in the form of a rigid body; therefore, all points associated with it changed their coordinates simultaneously. The Attention Temporal Graph Convolutional Network was applied for these sophisticated data. The highest accuracy, up to 93%, was achieved for the data of the whole player’s silhouette together with a tennis racket. The obtained results indicated that for dynamic movements, such as tennis strokes, it is necessary to analyze the position of the whole body of the player as well as the racket position.
Process Mineralogy of Vanadium Titanomagnetite Ore in Panzhihua, China
Authors: Zhu Fuxing , Ma Zhanshan , Gao Guanjin , Qiu Kehui , Peng Weixing
Published: February 2023

After decades of development of the vanadium titanomagnetite (VTM) ore in the Panzhihua district changes have taken place to the ore characteristics. In addition, preliminary research carried out in this area mainly focused on the separation and extraction of iron resources and lacked a systematic research focus on the process mineralogy of ilmenite, resulting in a low grade and yield of the separated ilmenite. Therefore, the present study investigates the compositions, textures, element distributions, and particle size characteristics of VTM ores in Panzhihua were studied via mineral dissociation analysis (MLA), electron microscope–microprobe analysis (EPMA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the chemical and mineral compositions of the VTM ore samples were basically stable. However, the size of the embedded particles of ilmenite and titanomagnetite was smaller than that reported previously. In addition, the olivine content was found to have significantly increased, and a large number of altered minerals (such as chlorite and sphene) were also present, as a result of which the degrees of monomer dissociation of ilmenite and titanomagnetite reached 85% when the fraction of particles with size in the range of 0.04–0.15 mm was 75%.
Spatial Prediction of Groundwater Withdrawal Potential Using Shallow, Hybrid, and Deep Learning Algorithms in the Toudgha Oasis, Southeast Morocco
Authors: Ouali Lamya , Kabiri Lahcen , Namous Mustapha , Hssaisoune Mohammed , Abdelrahman Kamal , Fnais Mohammed S. , Kabiri Hichame , El Hafyani Mohammed , Oubaassine Hassane , Arioua Abdelkrim , Bouchaou Lhoussaine
Published: February 2023

Water availability is a key factor in territorial sustainable development. Moreover, groundwater constitutes the survival element of human life and ecosystems in arid oasis areas. Therefore, groundwater potential (GWP) identification represents a crucial step for its management and sustainable development. This study aimed to map the GWP using ten algorithms, i.e., shallow models comprising: multilayer perceptron, k-nearest neighbor, decision tree, and support vector machine algorithms; hybrid models comprising: voting, random forest, adaptive boosting, gradient boosting (GraB), and extreme gradient boosting; and the deep learning neural network. The GWP inventory map was prepared using 884 binary data, with “1” indicating a high GWP and “0” indicating an extremely low GWP. Twenty-three GWP-influencing factors have been classified into numerical data using the frequency ration method. Afterwards, they were selected based on their importance and multi-collinearity tests. The predicted GWP maps show that, on average, only 11% of the total area was predicted as a very high GWP zone and 17% and 51% were estimated as low and very low GWP zones, respectively. The performance analyses demonstrate that the applied algorithms have satisfied the validation standards for both training and validation tests with an average area under curve of 0.89 for the receiver operating characteristic. Furthermore, the models’ prioritization has selected the GraB model as the outperforming algorithm for GWP mapping. This study provides decision support tools for sustainable development in an oasis area.
Spatial-Temporal Evolution and Cross-Industry Synergy of Carbon Emissions: Evidence from Key Industries in the City in Jiangsu Province, China
Authors: Dong Feng , Li Guoqing , Liu Yajie , Xu Qing , Li Caixia
Published: February 2023

Cross-industry synergistic emission reduction has become a new strategy for achieving a carbon emissions peak and carbon neutrality. To explore the typical spatial distribution and cross-industry synergy effect of carbon emissions in key industries, this paper analyzes the carbon emissions of coal and power industries in Jiangsu Province from 2006 to 2020 using the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and a panel vector autoregressive (PVAR) model. The results show that: (1) The distribution of coal resources determines the distribution of carbon emissions in the coal industry. Carbon emissions in the power industry have two typical distributions: consistent changes in cities and a “south-north” inverse phase, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 86.74%. (2) The impulse response of carbon emissions from the coal industry to the power industry is >0 in the first period. There is a synergistic relationship of carbon emissions from the energy consumption side to the energy production side. (3) The shock effect of carbon emissions on economic development is >0. In resource-based cities, economic development explains about 2% of carbon emission fluctuations in the coal industry and 9.9% in the power industry, which is only 2% in non-resource-based cities. Carbon emissions would promote economic development. However, the impact of economic development on them varies significantly by industry and region. These findings can provide scientific support for developing differentiated measures to carbon emissions reduction and serve as an important reference role for other regions to promote collaborative carbon emission reduction in key industries.
The Role of Cognitive Absorption in Recommender System Reuse
Authors: Acharya Nirmal , Sassenberg Anne-Marie , Soar Jeffrey
Published: February 2023

E-commerce is the trade of services and goods via electronic means such as the Internet. It is critical in today’s business and user experience. Most current e-commerce websites employ various technologies such as recommender systems to provide customers with personalised recommendations. Taking this as a cue, this study investigates the effect of cognitive absorption to estimate the holistic experience of recommender systems on shoppers’ intentions to reuse recommender systems. Data collected from 366 online shoppers were analysed using structural equation modelling to test the proposed hypotheses. The findings highlight that cognitive absorption directly and indirectly affects shoppers’ behavioural intentions to reuse recommender systems. The results also exposed the moderating effect of gender on shoppers’ behavioural intentions to reuse recommender systems. An importance-performance map analysis was also conducted to identify significant areas of improvement for e-vendors. This study contributes to advancing existing knowledge relevant to shoppers’ behavioural intentions to reuse recommender systems. The study also provides e-vendor managers with insights into online shoppers’ decision making.
Research on the Automatic Subject-Indexing Method of Academic Papers Based on Climate Change Domain Ontology
Authors: Yang Heng , Wang Nan , Yang Lina , Liu Wei , Wang Sili
Published: February 2023

It is important to classify academic papers in a fine-grained manner to uncover deeper implicit themes and semantics in papers for better semantic retrieval, paper recommendation, research trend prediction, topic analysis, and a series of other functions. Based on the ontology of the climate change domain, this study used an unsupervised approach to combine two methods, syntactic structure and semantic modeling, to build a framework of subject-indexing techniques for academic papers in the climate change domain. The framework automatically indexes a set of conceptual terms as research topics from the domain ontology by inputting the titles, abstracts and keywords of the papers using natural language processing techniques such as syntactic dependencies, text similarity calculation, pre-trained language models, semantic similarity calculation, and weighting factors such as word frequency statistics and graph path calculation. Finally, we evaluated the proposed method using the gold standard of manually annotated articles and demonstrated significant improvements over the other five alternative methods in terms of precision, recall and F1-score. Overall, the method proposed in this study is able to identify the research topics of academic papers more accurately, and also provides useful references for the application of domain ontologies and unsupervised data annotation.
Automatic Identification and Mapping of Cone-Shaped Volcanoes Based on the Morphological Characteristics of Contour Lines
Authors: Li Hu , Nong Wentao , Li Anbo , Shang Hao
Published: February 2023

Cone-shaped volcanoes have important research significance and application value due to their typical cone shape and unique structural features. The existing methods for recognizing volcanoes are mainly morphological feature matching and machine learning. In general, the former has low recognition accuracy, while the latter requires a large number of training samples. The contour lines of cone-shaped volcanoes are distributed in concentric circles. Furthermore, from the center outwards, the elevation of the contour lines increases first and then decreases. Based on the morphological characteristics of cone-shaped volcanoes and the Hough transform algorithm, the main algorithm includes (1) preliminary filtering of contour lines, (2) filtering circular contour lines based on random Hough transform, (3) grouping contour lines based on contour trees, (4) recognizing cone-shaped volcanoes based on concentric-circle contour lines, and (5) automatically mapping cone-shaped volcanoes. Case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of this method for detecting cone-shaped volcanoes in the Western Galapagos shield volcanoes and the Mariana Trench submarine volcano group. The proposed algorithm has low missed and false alarm rates, which is basically consistent with the manual recognition results. This method can effectively automatically recognize cone-shaped volcanoes and cone-shaped landscapes and is a powerful means to support deep-space and deep-sea exploration.
Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of Sustainability in 2022
Authors:   Sustainability Editorial Office
Published: February 2023

High-quality academic publishing is built on rigorous peer review [...]
Carabid Beetles (Coleoptera) as Indicators of Sustainability in Agroecosystems: A Systematic Review
Authors: Makwela Maria M. , Slotow Rob , Munyai Thinandavha C.
Published: February 2023

The sustainability of agroecosystems is at risk owing to continuous anthropogenic disturbance. As such, there is a need to evaluate indicator taxa that may be used to monitor the health of agricultural management systems. Carabid beetles are ubiquitous and functionally crucial in agroecosystems while at the same time are sensitive to the changes caused by management practices. Their quick response to anthropogenic disturbances has been proposed as a practical and realistic tool for monitoring the sustainability of agricultural practices. However, there is still disagreement about carabids as possible indicators of agroecosystem sustainability. We conducted a systematic review of the responses of carabid beetles to agricultural systems in different biogeographical areas. We examined whether these beetles could serve as potential indicators of agroecosystem sustainability. The ISI Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus were used to search for papers published from 2000–2019. In total, we included 69 studies indicating the use of carabids to monitor the impact of management practices in agroecosystems. Most studies were conducted in European countries (n = 37), while Southern Africa and East Asia countries were significantly under-represented (n = 10). Carabid beetle response to agroecosystems varied between management practices, with biodiversity indices (n = 41: positive 60%, negative 19%, and neutral 19%) being the most measured response variable, followed by functional diversity (n = 28: positive 67%, negative 25%, and neutral 7%). Overall, our findings highlight the need for more research in underdeveloped countries, to investigate the potential of overlooked carabids and include response variables measuring functional diversity in assessing the sustainability of agricultural management. This will assist policy makers and land managers in making active and informed decisions about agroecological disturbances and management.
How to Leverage Big Data Analytic Capabilities for Innovation Ambidexterity: A Mediated Moderation Model
Authors: Liao Suqin , Hu Qianying , Wei Jingjing
Published: February 2023

Building upon the knowledge-based dynamic capabilities view, this study seeks to examine how big data analytic capabilities can be leveraged to improve innovation ambidexterity by developing a mediated moderation framework. Survey data were collected from 199 Chinese big data companies to test our model. The results indicate that the dynamic decision-making capability mediates the relationship between big data analytic capabilities and innovation ambidexterity, and this mediating relationship is conditional on the moderator variable of cross-functional integration. This study enriches the literature about big data analytic capabilities and innovation ambidexterity by clarifying how big data analytic capabilities are positively related to innovation ambidexterity and uncovering the driver for pursuing innovation ambidexterity in a digital context. It also contributes to this line of research by revealing contingent factors to leverage big data analytic capabilities from the knowledge-based dynamic capabilities perspective.
Key Competences for Sustainability: Technical Project Supported by Ecodesign of Educational Spaces to Achieve SDGs
Authors: Lozano Rivas Fernando , Del Cerro Velázquez Francisco , Morales Méndez Ginés
Published: February 2023

This research presents the development of a sustainable technical project developed by a group of 1st year baccalaureate students in the subject of technical drawing. This project is developed within the methodological framework established by UNESCO in 2017, which describes the key competences for sustainability. Through the project method applied to the teaching–learning process, students achieved subject-specific competences and five key competences for sustainability, as well as a high level of ownership of sustainability knowledge. In each of the phases, the participants used ecodesign to design an educational space that complies with the three areas of sustainability: environmental, social, and economic. To do this, they used technical tools and ICT programmes and computer aided design, which have improved their digital competence. At the end of the experience, the participants elaborated a questionnaire on the degree of appropriation of knowledge in the field of sustainability. The results show an acquisition of competence in sustainability by the students, an improvement of responsible creativity, as well as a good level of appropriation of knowledge in the field of sustainability.
The Urban Heat Island Analysis for the City of Zagreb in the Period 2013–2022 Utilizing Landsat 8 Satellite Imagery
Authors: Seletković Ante , Kičić Martina , Ančić Mario , Kolić Jelena , Pernar Renata
Published: February 2023

Urban Heat Island (UHI) is a phenomenon specific to urban areas where higher air temperatures manifest in the city area in relation to its surrounding rural landscape. Currently, UHI is one of the most dangerous environmental conditions for cities as well as their residents. It is expected that the intensity of UHI will increase with climate change. This work presents an analysis of the UHI phenomenon for the City of Zagreb, Croatia in the summertime period 2013–2022. In order to explore UHI, Land Surface Temperature (LST) was calculated using Landsat 8 (OLI TIRS sensor) satellite imagery. After the delineation of UHI, calculated temperatures were put in relation to NDVI (Normalised Difference Vegetation Index) and NDBI (Normalised Difference Built-Up Index) indices for the study area. Results show the similarity of mean temperatures over the observed period. However, the influence of external variables on UHI’s spatial expression was observed. Forest-covered areas and other green parts of the city’s infrastructure express the lowest temperatures, while built-up sites are the hottest points in cities. Results confirm the importance of urban green infrastructure for resilient cities and present the results of a long-term UHI observation in a Southeast European city.
Physicochemical Transformations of Silver Nanoparticles in the Oro-Gastrointestinal Tract Mildly Affect Their Toxicity to Intestinal Cells In Vitro: An AOP-Oriented Testing Approach
Authors: Kose Ozge , Béal David , Motellier Sylvie , Pelissier Nathalie , Collin-Faure Véronique , Blosi Magda , Bengalli Rossella , Costa Anna , Furxhi Irini , Mantecca Paride , Carriere Marie
Published: February 2023

The widespread use of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) in food and consumer products suggests the relevance of human oral exposure to these nanomaterials (NMs) and raises the possibility of adverse effects in the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to investigate the toxicity of Ag NPs in a human intestinal cell line, either uncoated or coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone (Ag PVP) or hydroxyethylcellulose (Ag HEC) and digested in simulated gastrointestinal fluids. Physicochemical transformations of Ag NPs during the different stages of in vitro digestion were identified prior to toxicity assessment. The strategy for evaluating toxicity was constructed on the basis of adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) showing Ag NPs as stressors. It consisted of assessing Ag NP cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, genotoxicity, perturbation of the cell cycle and apoptosis. Ag NPs caused a concentration-dependent loss of cell viability and increased the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species as well as DNA damage and perturbation of the cell cycle. In vitro digestion of Ag NPs did not significantly modulate their toxicological impact, except for their genotoxicity. Taken together, these results indicate the potential toxicity of ingested Ag NPs, which varied depending on their coating but did not differ from that of non-digested NPs.
On the Need for Human Studies of PM Exposure Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome
Authors: Brugge Doug , Li Jianghong , Zamore Wig
Published: February 2023

Particulate matter air pollution is associated with blood inflammatory biomarkers, however, the biological pathways from exposure to periferal inflammation are not well understood. We propose that the NLRP3 inflammasome is likely stimulated by ambient particulate matter, as it is by some other particles and call for more research into this pathway.
Association between Temperature and Influenza Activity across Different Regions of China during 2010–2017
Authors: Wang Dina , Lei Hao , Wang Dayan , Shu Yuelong , Xiao Shenglan
Published: February 2023

Influenza causes a significant disease burden as an acute respiratory infection. Evidence suggests that meteorological factors can influence the spread of influenza; however, the association between these factors and influenza activity remains controversial. In this study, we investigated the impact of temperature on influenza across different regions of China based on the meteorological data and influenza data from 554 sentinel hospitals in 30 provinces and municipalities in China from 2010 to 2017. A distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was used to analyze the exposure lag response of daily mean temperatures to the risk of influenza-like illness (ILI), influenza A (Flu A), and influenza B (Flu B). We found that in northern China, low temperatures increased the risk of ILI, Flu A, and Flu B, while in central and southern China, both low and high temperatures increased the risk of ILI and Flu A, and only low temperatures increased the risk of Flu B. This study suggests that temperature is closely associated with the influenza activity in China. Temperature should be integrated into the current public health surveillance system for highly accurate influenza warnings and the timely implementation of disease prevention and control measures.
Topographical Anatomy of the Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatta)—Part II: Pelvic Limb
Authors: Casteleyn Christophe , Robin Nina , Bakker Jaco
Published: February 2023

The rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) is a widely used model in biomedical research because its anatomy and physiology bear many similarities to those of humans. Extensive knowledge of the anatomy of this nonhuman primate species is not only required for the correct interpretation of obtained research data but also valuable for the welfare of captive individuals housed in, e.g., zoos. As anatomical publications on the rhesus monkey are hardly available, outdated and provide only line drawings or black-and-white photographs, the anatomy of the rhesus monkey was readdressed in this study. The various anatomical structures are described in relation to each other topographically per hindlimb region. The hip region, the upper limb, the knee, the lower limb and the foot are described from various perspectives. The structures that are visible in the different layers, from the superficial to the deepest layer, were photographed. Although the anatomy of the hindlimbs of rhesus monkeys and humans are remarkably similar, various subtle dissimilarities have been observed. Consequently, an open-access publication that focuses on the anatomy of the rhesus monkey would be highly valued by both biomedical researchers and veterinarians.
Combining Full-Scale Ozonation and Biological Activated Carbon Filtration (O3-BAC) with Pilot-Scale Nanofiltration (NF) to Control Disinfection By-Product Formation for Treatment of Taihu Lake Water
Authors: Xu Pengcheng , He Huan , Li Tian , Chen Yan , Dong Bingzhi
Published: February 2023

Nanofiltration (NF) membranes, which can consistently offer safe and reliable water quality, have become increasingly popular in drinking water treatment. In this study, the conventional (coagulation-sedimentation-sand filtration) and ozonation-biologically activated carbon filtration (O3-BAC) advanced treatment processes at a full-scale drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) were combined with a pilot-scale NF process for treatment of Taihu Lake water. The results showed that the “conventional + O3-BAC + NF” combined processes had superior effects on removing natural organic matter (NOM), Br−, and other common water quality parameters (e.g., turbidity, conductivity, TDS, and total hardness) with efficiencies of 88.8–99.8%, for which the NF process played a critical role. The conventional plus O3-BAC processes effectively removed formation potential of chlorinated disinfection by-products (Cl-DBPFPs, by 28.0–46.6%), but had poorer effect in reducing formation potential of brominated DBPs (Br-DBPFPs, by −2637.2–17.3%). NOM concentrations (characterized by dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (UV254), and/or fluorescent components) were the driving factors for most DBPFP species, while elevation of [Br−]/[DOC] ratio likely resulted in enhanced formation of brominated trihalomethanes (THMs) during chlorination of the BAC effluent. By adding the pilot-scale NF process, the “conventional + O3-BAC + NF” treatment train effectively controlled DBPFP, yielding the removal efficiencies of Cl-DBPFP and Br-DBPFP as 77.6–100% and 33.5–100%, respectively, with monochloroacetic acid, mono-bromo-acetic acid, and tribromomethane formation potentials (MCAA-FP, MBAA-FP, and TBM-FP) not detected in the final effluent. Low temperature in the winter season might be the primary reason for the rapid increase of transmembrane pressure when operating the NF membrane under flux of 25 L/(m2·h), which could be largely delayed by lowering the flux to 20 L/(m2·h). Characterization of the membrane cleaning solutions showed that macromolecular biopolymers (6000 Da–4000K Da) such as polysaccharides and proteins were the main contributors to membrane fouling.
Review of Water Reuse from a Circular Economy Perspective
Authors: Fernandes Evaristo , Cunha Marques Rui
Published: February 2023

In the last three decades, water shortages have become more common and have left an increasing and significant mark on the world economy. The lack of water in arid and semi-arid regions, along with the interest in water security in areas where the demand for water exceeds its availability, has caused water reuse to be considered as an alternative source in these areas and has prompted the authorities to change from the usual linear, take–make–use management approach to the circular management of resource preservation. This new approach to sustainable management, using the management of reduction, reuse, recycling, and recovery, is called the circular economy (CE). However, although the potential for the reuse of treated wastewater is still insipient, CE in the water sector has gained a lot of attention lately. The aim of this paper is to systematically examine existing research published in the last five years on CE implementation in the water and wastewater sector. A sample of 64 articles was found through interactive keyword selection. Using the dynamic reading technique, data were extracted, and articles were classified according to five research motivations, which include, political, economic, legal, institutional, technical, and environmental. Most publications were from institutions in Europe, followed by North America and Asia. A similar trend was observed in terms of the distribution by authors, countries, and regions.
Glosa do uchwały Sądu Najwyższego z 22 stycznia 2022 roku, sygn. III CZP 9/22, LEX nr 3287920
Authors: Kucharski Bartosz , Matysiak Wiktor
Published: February 2023

W głosowanej uchwale SN uznał, że sprawca wypadku komunikacyjnego i zakład ubezpieczeń, z którym sprawca związany był umową ubezpieczenia odpowiedzialności cywilnej posiadaczy pojazdów mechanicznych, odpowiadają wobec zarządcy drogi za szkodę spowodowaną zanieczyszczeniem jezdni płynami silnikowymi. Autorzy, obawiając się obciążania ubezpieczycieli wygórowanymi kosztami uprzątnięcia jezdni, wskazują jednak, że argumenty jurydyczne przemawiają za stanowiskiem Sądu Najwyższego. Jezdnia niezdatna do użytku może być traktowana jako uszkodzona, zaś zarządca drogi, zmuszony do poniesienia kosztów jej uprzątnięcia, jest bezpośrednio poszkodowanym. Nałożony na zarządcę publicznoprawny obowiązek usuwania skutków wypadków oraz określone źródła jego finansowania nie wyłączają odpowiedzialności podmiotów, którym na zasadach ogólnych przypisać można odpowiedzialność za szkodę polegającą na zanieczyszczeniu jezdni.
Diversité technique des débitages laminaires au Néolithique ancien à Vaux-et-Borset (Hesbaye, Belgique) : manières de faire, problèmes d’interprétation et perspectives anthropologiques
Authors: Denis Solène , Burnez-Lanotte Laurence
Published: February 2023

Cette étude explore la diversité technique de la production laminaire dans les villages rubané et Blicquy/

Villeneuve-Saint-Germain de Vaux-et-Borset (Hesbaye, Belgique). Cette diversité technique est essentiellement définie

par un traitement différentiel des plans de frappe et des préparations au détachement des lames. Or, les différences relevées

ne conduisent pas à la production de supports pour un outillage spécifique. Elles ne se justifient pas non plus par

les qualités intrinsèques des matières premières. À contexte de production équivalent, nous proposons dès lors que cette

variabilité technique reflète différentes manières de faire parmi les tailleurs du village de Vaux-et-Borset. La reconnaissance

d’une véritable continuité de certaines manières de faire entre le Rubané et la culture Blicquy/ Villeneuve-Saint-

Germain atteste de leur transmission dans le temps. Cette transmission signe la coexistence d’au moins deux filières

d’apprentissage chez les tailleurs au Néolithique ancien. Par ailleurs, les tailleurs rubanés du village de Vaux-et-Borset semblent presque tous issus du même réseau d’apprentissage contrairement aux quatre groupes distingués chez les tailleurs blicquiens. La diversité des pratiques techniques et des traditions techniques au cours du Blicquien est discutée.

En l’état actuel des données, il semble qu’elle puisse à la fois résulter de la mobilité de populations avoisinantes et du

syncrétisme de certaines traditions.
Au pied du Camp de Recoux, le Champ des Rochers à Soyaux (Charente) : de l'occupation néolithique au complexe funéraire et/ou cultuel de la fin de l'âge du Bronze et de l'âge du Fer
Authors: Kerouanton Isabelle , Boulestin Bruno
Published: February 2023

À quelques kilomètres à l’est d’Angoulême, en Charente, le plateau de Recoux, à Soyaux, occupé du Néolithique moyen à l’âge du Fer, était protégé jusqu’au XIXe siècle par un rempart de pierres sèches. C’est à ses pieds qu’une fouille, réalisée en 2007, a permis de mettre au jour un niveau d’occupation du Néolithique final implanté sur l’ancienne berge de la Font Noire, ainsi qu’un remarquable ensemble de vingt-deux enclos circulaires protohistoriques sans sépultures, et trois inhumations du second âge du Fer. Si, entre 2800 et 2500 ans av. J.-C., la berge de la Font Noire ne semble avoir connu qu’une occupation domestique en lien avec celle du site fortifié qui la surplombe, il en va différemment entre le ixe et le IIe siècle av. J.-C. Les enclos s’organisent en deux principaux groupes, distants d’un peu plus d’une centaine de mètres. Leur datation n’est pas toujours aisée, mais le plus ancien (enclos 16), doté d’une palissade de poteaux placée dans la zone enclose, est vraisemblablement implanté dans le courant du ixe siècle. Un second (enclos 1), accompagné de trois enclos satellites en fer à cheval, lui est un peu postérieur, implanté dans le courant du VIIIe siècle. La datation de ceux du second groupe, plus haut sur le versant, est plus délicate, mais l’utilisation de ceux-ci est avérée au moins jusqu’au vie siècle et vraisemblablement au-delà. Certains de ces enclos présentent des pierres déposées en couronne dans les comblements finaux des fossés, parmi lesquelles au moins deux stèles en calcaire, fragmentées. Malgré la fouille manuelle et intégrale des structures, aucun fragment d’os humain n’a été retrouvé ni dans les comblements des fossés ni à l’extérieur. Cette absence de sépulture, ces couronnes de pierres, cette palissade questionnent quant à la fonction de ces ensembles d’enclos. D’autant plus qu’au IIe siècle av. J.-C., trois petites fosses parfaitement alignées et espacées sont creusées et accueillent trois inhumés, placés tous trois en position assise et le regard tourné vers l’est et la vallée de la Font Noire.
Tombes à dalles néolithiques (cistes et chambres) du nord-est de la péninsule Ibérique : une vision historiographique et chronologique
Authors: Gibaja Bao Juan Francisco , Morell Berta , Martín-Cólliga Araceli , Oms Arias F. Xavier , Martín-Rodríguez Patricia , Mozota Holgueras Millán , Masclans Alba , Remolins Gerard , Santos Francisco J. , Duboscq Stéphanie , Fontanals-Coll María , Oliva Monica , López-Onaindía Diego , Mazzucco Niccolo , Subirà Maria Eulàlia
Published: February 2023

Les sépultures à dalles néolithiques sont connues depuis le début du XXe siècle, tout particulièrement grâce au travail débuté par J. Vilaró et poursuivi par M. Cura, J. Castany et Ll. Guerrero. Cependant, elles ont reçu de la part des archéologues moins d’attention que d’autres structures funéraires (même si elles sont souvent mentionnées dans la littérature archéologique), ce qui est surprenant. En effet, les tombes découvertes sont nombreuses, ainsi que les parallèles avec d’autres manifestations néolithiques contemporaines ou proches dans le temps du sud de la France, du nord de l’Italie ou de la Suisse. Il s’est donc avéré nécessaire d’effectuer une série d’analyses pour améliorer nos connaissances à leur sujet. La faible visibilité de ces tombes (ou l’absence de visibilité), leur mauvais état de conservation, le manque de prospections et les dégradations dues aux remaniements des sols des zones agropastorales dans lesquels elles se trouvent, peuvent être les causes du nombre peu élevé de découvertes réalisées ces dernières décennies. L’objectif de cet article est de présenter les derniers résultats obtenus par notre équipe de chercheurs réunie autour de l’étude de ces tombes. Nous présenterons l’état de la question sur leur historiographie, ainsi que les caractéristiques qui les définissent, en partant des structures pour arriver aux personnes inhumées et au mobilier funéraire associé. Il est important d’insister sur l’existence de nouvelles datations radiocarbone et sur les analyses statistiques effectuées, car elles nous ont permis d’évaluer la distribution chronologique des tombes et leur durée d’utilisation. Jusqu’à la réalisation de ce programme de datation, la chronologie des sépultures à dalles était assez incertaine en raison du nombre restreint de dates, dont certaines obtenues à partir d’échantillons de longue durée de vie. Ces données ont servi de trait d’union pour établir des liens avec d’autres manifestations funéraires du néolithique d’Europe centrale et occidentale.
Variations socio-économiques et temporalités des occupations de plein air du Laborien ancien à Port-de-Penne (Penne d’Agenais, Lot-et-Garonne)
Authors: Langlais Mathieu , Delvigne Vincent , Jacquier Jérémie , Chevallier Aude , Marquebielle Benjamin , Rigaud Solange , Detrain Luc , Morala André , Fat Cheung Célia
Published: February 2023

Dans le cadre de la réévaluation du Laborien, ensemble chronoculturel daté autour de 12 500-11 000 cal BP et calé stratigraphiquement entre l’Azilien récent et le Mésolithique sauveterrien, l’étude interdisciplinaire menée sur le site de plein air de Port-de-Penne est l’occasion de soulever des questions autour des variations socio-économiques et fonctionnelles des sites durant cette période. Vingt-cinq ans après les travaux menés sur le terrain et un premier réexamen du matériel pour la séance SPF de Bordeaux en 2012 (Langlais, Naudinot, Peresani, org.), une nouvelle équipe s’est réunie afin de croiser l’approche «pétro-techno-typo-fonctionnelle » des restes lithiques avec l’étude archéozoologique des restes de faune, d’industrie osseuse et de quelques coquillages. Les archives et les enregistrements de terrain ont permis de réaliser des projections sur un plan vertical – précisant ainsi l’archéoséquence – et sur un plan horizontal pour appréhender l’organisation spatiale des vestiges. Ce travail a permis de souligner la succession de deux unités archéostratigraphiques (ou UA) présentant une homogénéité culturelle, notamment dans la structuration de l’espace domestique (autour d’un foyer bilobé et de structures secondaires). Les datations radiocarbone appuient l’hypothèse d’une attribution au Laborien ancien des deux UA, livrant par ailleurs des morphotypes identiques de pointes à dos (type Malaurie), et une identité technique sur les productions laminaires. Du point de vue pétroarchéologique, l’UA ancienne indique un comportement pionnier avec une importation massive de silicites allochtones (Charentes, ouest du Périgord) tandis que l’UA récente se distingue par un resserrement de l’approvisionnement sur des matériaux régionaux (vallées du Lot et de la Dordogne). Les données techno-économiques des équipements lithiques croisées aux analyses des vestiges fauniques illustrent une parenté des occupants successifs tout en soulignant des variations fines (part d’armatures impactées, taux de recyclage des couteaux en outils d’extrémité, activités principales et secondaires…). Confrontées au modèle classique d’opposition «résidentiel vs logistique » des sites, les données obtenues sur Port-de-Penne permettent de relativiser ce débat en montrant une imbrication et des variations dans les comportements socio-

économiques mais également dans la temporalité des occupations.
MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VEGETABLE SEEDS WITH SMALL GRAIN SIZE AND DESIGN OF SEED METERING DEVICE
Authors: ZHANG Kaixing , MA Guoliang , LI Jingfeng , ZHAO Xiuyan
Published: February 2023

In order to solve the problems of poor universality and complex structure of the current air-suction precision seed metering device for small vegetable seeds, an air-suction precision seed metering device based on the physical characteristics of small vegetable seeds was developed. The physical characteristics of several typical small vegetable seeds were measured to provide a theoretical basis for the design of air-suction precision seed metering device. Analyzed the force on the seed during seed metering, and used discrete element method to analyze the overall state of the seed at different times in combination with the basic structure. The experiment was designed with the pass rate, replay rate and miss rate as experimental indicators. The regression model was established to obtain the reasonable range of each parameter. The experimental results showed that when the rotary table speed was 28.65 r/min and the working negative pressure was 4.40 kPa, the seeding pass rate of the seed meter was 91.07%, the replay rate was 4.70%, and the missed rate was 4.23%.