bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENINGKATAN EFIKASI GURU KB/TK ‘AISYIYAH NYAI AHMAD DAHLAN DALAM MENGAJARKAN PENCEGAHAN KEKERASAN SEKSUAL PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Khoiryasdien Andhita Dyorita
Published: July 2020

Sex education in early childhood is still considered a taboo subject so it has never been taught. Even though children must have enough information in order to protect themselves from sexual harassment and violence. Not only parents, the teacher as the second parent for children has a big role in providing education and information about sexual education. Therefore, as a preventive measure, training is needed to increase the knowledge of teachers about sex education in early childhood and good delivery methods so that it can be easily accepted by children. The method used is lecturing and practice directly with roleplay on how to deliver sex education to children. In addition, roleplay is also done by using puppets. The training participants numbered 22 teachers and employees. After being given training, 77.2% of teachers and staff understood that psychoeducation on the importance of sexual education for children needed to be provided as a preventive measure against the prevention of sexual violence against children. 63.6% of teachers are willing to convey to their students. While the rest claimed to be embarrassed and felt they were not ready to deliver material related to sex education.
KEPEMIMPINAN SEKOLAH : Efektivitas dan efisiensi dalam Peningkatan Guru
Authors: Tono Sap
Published: July 2020

Penekanan yang berkembang pada kepemimpinan guru telah diakui dalam literatur ilmiah serta standar pengajaran profesional. untuk mendapatkan guru yang dapat membantu tugas kepemimpinan secara optimal, diperlukan pemimpin yang mampu mengarahkan dan menyesuaikan perilaku bawahan untuk mencapai tujuan organisasi secara maksimal. Penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Perilaku kepemimpinan guru dikelompokkan berdasarkan jenis (formal / informal) dan pengaturan (ruang kelas / sekolah / profesi). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan etnografi. Tempat pelaksanaan penelitian ini adalah Sekolah di Kabupaten Sragen. Diwawancarai dalam penelitian ini termasuk kepala sekolah dan guru Sekolah di Kabupaten Sragen. Mengumpulkan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Validitas data diuji dengan menggunakan triangulasi. Analisis menggunakan reduksi data, penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi data dan gambar.   Perilaku kepemimpinan guru yang paling jarang dilaporkan adalah kepemimpinan formal di sekolah dan dalam profesi. kepala sekolah di Kabuoaten Sragen dalam upaya meningkatkan partisipasi angkatan kerja dengan menggunakan gaya kepemimpinan yang demokratis, diskresioner, karismatik, partisipatif dan terkadang militeristik, dapat ditentukan strategi yang dilakukan. Ketika sekolah terus berkembang sebagai organisasi di mana kepemimpinan didistribusikan di antara semua pendidik, memahami perilaku kepemimpinan guru dalam berbagai pengaturan dapat membantu para pemimpin sekolah formal dan informal untuk secara kolaboratif dan lebih efektif memimpin
An Indonesian National English Textbook for Secondary Level: Is It Qualified Enough?
Authors: Susiati S , Mufidati Elok
Published: July 2020

This study describes how a national English textbook entitled When English Rings a Bell for Junior High School Level meets criteria of Cunnignswirth’s good English textbook. Interviews with the teacher and students of grade VII at SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Surakarta were conducted to investigate how the textbook is considered qualified. Document review was also applied to analyse the textbook. The results show that all chapters in the “When English Rings a Bell” textbook fulfill the Cunningsworth’s criteria of a good textbook. The textbook was suitable enough to be used for media in teaching learning process for the seventh grade students of Junior High School. From the teacher’s view, the textbook is appropriate with the learning objectives of the curret curriculum. This is in line woth the Cunningsworth’s criteria. However, some students found difficulties in using this textbook: 1). they still need teacher’s role to clearly explain the materials, 2). Supporting materials from other sources to improve the students’ ability in both comprehending the concept and doing practices. These two may be caused by the lack of examples in the textbook.
PENINGKATAN MOTIVASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA TENTANG PESAWAT SEDERHANA DENGAN METODE DEMONSTRASI
Authors: - Bagus Sinung
Published: July 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII B SMP Negeri 3 Teras Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020 pada materi Pesawat Sederhana.  Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini menggunakan dua siklus, setiap siklusnya terdiri atas perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dokumentasi, observasi, dan tes tertulis.  Untuk memperoleh data dan kejadian selama Tindakan Kelas yang dilakukan maka segala catatan kegiatan dan observasi yang dilakukan  dikumpulkan dan diadministrasikan untuk kegiatan pelaporan. Berdasarkan analisis data, perbandingan prestasi belajar siswa pada pra siklus dan siklus I meningkat. Untuk nilai terendah meningkat dari 36 menjadi 48 atau meningkat sebesar 25%.  Dan nilai rerata meningkat cukup baik yaitu dari 58 menjadi 62 atau meningkat sebesar 5,88%.  Nilai tertinggi yang diperoleh siswa pada pra siklus 86 meningkat menjadi 98 atau meningkat sebesar 4,65%. pada kondisi awal, nilai tertinggi yang diperoleh siswa adalah  86 berjumlah 2 anak, sedang pada siklus II (kondisi akhir)  nilai tertinggi yang diperoleh siswa 100 berjumlah 3 anak.  Nilai terendah pada kondisi awal sebesar 36 dan pada siklus II (kondisi akhir) sebesar  61 yang juga meningkat sebesar 45,8 %.   Nilai rata-rata kelas meningkat signifikan dari 48 pada kondisi awal menjadi 68 pada siklus II (kondisi akhir) yaitu sebesar 14,7 %.  Hal ini sudah memenuhi harapan untuk mencapai batas KKM (Kriteris Ketuntasan Minimal) sebesar 65. Berdasar analisis di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan metode demonstrasi dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII B SMP Negeri 3 Teras Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020 pada materi Pesawat Sederhana.
Penerapan Problem Solving Berorientasi Kontekstual Untuk Meningkatkan Komunikasi Dan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Madrasah Tsanawiyah
Authors: Imawati Soffana
Published: July 2020

In general, this study aims to improve communication and learning outcomes in mathematics with contextual oriented learning problem solving for students of MTs Negeri 1 Pemalang, Central Java. Specifically, it aims (1) to describe the improvement of mathematical communication with contextual-oriented problem solving learning for MTs students, and (2) describe the improvement of mathematics learning outcomes by contextual-oriented learning problem solving for MTs students. This class action research was conducted in 8.3 MTs Negeri 1 Pemalang class. Data sources, teachers and students. Data were collected by observation, field notes, documentation, and tests. Source and method triangulation is used for data validity. Analysis technique with constant comparison. The results of the study, in general contextual oriented problem solving learning can improve communication and mathematics learning outcomes of MTs students. Learning with contextual-oriented problem solving can improve communication and learning mathematics. Improved communication was observed from four indicators. The ability to speak until the second cycle is 62.86%. The ability to draw until cycle II is 68.57%. The ability to write until the second cycle is 74.29%. The ability to explain the concept until the second cycle is 65.71%. Learning with contextual-oriented problem solving can improve mathematics learning outcomes. Improved mathematics learning outcomes measured by the number of students who complete. The number of students who completed this study up to cycle II was 74.29%.
Resting heart rate variability in regular yoga practitioners - A cross-sectional study
Authors: Subash Selvakumar , Sathiyaseelan Manikandan , Ramachandran Dayanalakshmi
Published: July 2020

Heart rate variability (HRV) is a useful and powerful non-invasive tool for quantitative assessment of cardiac autonomic function. Recent studies have shown that low heart rate variability is an indication of increased risk for cardiac diseases and sudden cardiac death. Yoga has been associated with improved cardio-respiratory performance. Thirty male regular yoga practitioners doing yoga for more than 3 years, age between 25-45 years (yoga group) and 30 male non-yoga practitioners, age-matched (control group) were included. A computerized Niviqure ECG system with HRV software was used for heart rate variability recording. Our results show that frequency-domain parameters like LF power, LF n.u, and LF/HF ratio were significantly lower in yoga group compared to control group. Time-domain parameters like mean RR, NN50, pNN50 were significantly higher in yoga group compared to control group. We conclude that the yoga increases heart rate variability by optimizing the autonomic functions, which is a good indicator of cardiac autonomic activity during rest.
Dyslipidemia is the hallmark of the metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women
Authors: Osman Asim Alaaeldin , Fadlalla Ahmed Mohamed
Published: July 2020

The incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) increases after menopause and may be due to changes in the plasma lipid-lipoprotein levels that occur following menopausal transition. Physiological estrogen withdrawal during menopause plays a major role in abnormal lipid metabolism such as elevated low-density lipoprotein concentration. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between dyslipidemia and the causative factors of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women. In this cross-sectional study, 290 postmenopausal Sudanese women were included. Lipid profiles were measured by spectrophotometer, estrogen hormone determined by ELISA, insulin resistance determined by HOMA-2 calculator and lipid accumulation product was calculated by the following equation (waist circumference in cm X triglyceride concentration in mM). The results revealed that total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein levels and very low-density lipoprotein levels were significantly higher in the postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome (MS) in comparison to those without the MS. Elevated total cholesterol levels were seen in 51.7 %, elevated triglycerides were seen in 49.7% and elevated low-density lipoprotein levels were seen in 29.3% whereas reduced high density lipoprotein levels were seen in 16.89% of the postmenopausal women. Total cholesterol, triglycerides and very low-density lipoprotein values showed a significant positive correlation with insulin resistance and lipid accumulation and a significant negative correlation with the estrogen hormone level. In addition, high density lipoproteins showed a significant negative correlation with lipid accumulation levels.
Study The Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel in Presence Of CO2 Gas in Oil Pipe Lines
Authors: T. Remedhan Shurooq
Published: July 2020

The  current work is the study of corrosion behaveior of carbon steel, in naturally aerated  (3.5%wt NaCl) solution. A rotating cylinder electrode (RCE) system was used to produce conditions of turbulent flow, polarization experiments were conducted at various temperature and various rotating speed at each temperature.Similar experiments were carried out using CO2 gas at (32 ml/sec) flow rate.Corresponding experiments by weight loss were carried out in (3.5%wt NaCl) solution with Kerosene + 10% V salt solution and Gas oil + 10% V salt solution at 328k and (0, 400) r.p.m .Similar experiments were carried out in kerosene + 10% V salt solution at (298, 308 and 318)K and rotating speed (0) r.p.m at each temperature.Other experiments were carried out in pure kerosene at temperature (298 and 318)K and speed (0) r.p.m. All experiments were carried out with and with out CO2 gas .The results indicate that the corrosion rate of carbon steel is increasing70% with CO2 gas
Synthesis and Optical Properties of CdSxSe1-x Semiconductor Nanomaterials by Chemical Vapor Deposition Method
Authors: M. Jassim Nadia
Published: July 2020

Highly pure and crystalline CdSxSe1 -x nanostructures have been successfully synthesized via Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) method, changing the components of x, in order to adjust the band gap of materials, and the relationship with the lattice constant. Using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) to characterize the phase structures and elemental compositions of the samples, and using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) to observe the surface morphology of CdSxSe1 -x nanomaterials and confirm the VLS growth mechanism. Using the High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) and Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED) to analyze the crystal structure and the growth direction of the materials
A Novel Approach of Speech Recognition Using System Identification
Authors: Sadoon Fatah Ibrahim
Published: July 2020

With the growing of artificial intelligence and the usage of sound commands the needs for a high accuracy speech recognition increases. Many researches are done in this area using different kinds of methods and approaches. In this research two algorithms have been introduced. The autoregressive system identification and the FIR Wiener filter. The objective of this research is to show the robustness of system identification in terms of speech recognition.Both algorithms have been implemented and tested using MATLAB where the process is done by recording full sentences from different subjects under two conditions which are clear and noisy background. For each sentence, it has been recorded two timesfor each subject; the first one was used for testing and the second sentence was used for validation. The results show that both algorithms are giving an accurate prediction when the used data are from the same subject with clear background. The advantage of system identification over the Weiner filter is shine when using noisy signals. Another advantage of using system identification for speech recognition is it can distinguish the sound difference when same sentence from different subjects is used where the Weiner filter in some cases passes them as from the same subject. This could be a huge issue if the algorithm is used for security reasons
Behavior of High Strength Reinforced Concrete Hollow Circular Short Columns under Axial Loads
Authors: Ghanim Jumah Ghzwan
Published: July 2020

This work deals with investigating the capacity of high strength columns, under axial compression loads. A total of nine circular column with 600 mm length and 150 mm outer diameter were tested, three of them were solid as a reference, the remaining six columns were with internal hole of 50 and 75 mm dimeter. The effect of hole size as well as area of longitudinal steel reinforcement was studied. Area of steel used where 0, 301 and 471 mm2 and two hole size were 50 and 75 mm. The results showed that the increasing of longitudinal reinforcement ratio from 0 % (plain) to 2.67% (steel reinforcement area of 471 mm2) for solid column cause an increase in the ultimate strength by 33.6%, while for hollow columns with 75 mm internal hole the ultimate strength increased up to 33.2 %. Increase in hole dimeter from 50 to 75 mm caused a reduction of columns capacity in all cause, the decrease was up 33 % for columns with 301 mm2 steel area was up to 32 %, for columns with 417 mm2
Study The Effect of Process Parameters of CNC Milling Surface Generation Using Al-alloy 7024
Authors: Hafidh Obaeed Nareen
Published: July 2020

A wonderful unique research developments in modeling surface roughness and optimization of the predominant parameters to get a surface finish of desired level since only suitable selection of cutting parameters can get a better surface finish, so the objective of this work is to study the milling process parameters which include tool diameter, feed rate, spindle speed, and depth of cut resulting in optimal values of the surface roughness during machining AL-alloy 7024. The machining operation implemented on XK7124 3-axis CNC milling machine. The effects of the selected parameters on the chosen characteristics have been accomplished using Taguchi’s parameter design approach. The parameters considered are – depth of cut with two levels (0.2, 0.5 mm), tool diameter with two levels (6, 8 mm), spindle speed with two levels (1000, 2500 rpm), and finally feed rate with two levels (200, 500 mm/min). Analysis of the results showed that the optimal settings for low values of surface roughness are large tool diameter (8 mm), high spindle speed (2500 r.p.m), low feed rate (200 mm/min) and high depth of cut (0.5 mm). Response Table for mean of surface roughness showed that tool diameter has the most effected factors (rank one) followed by feed rate (rank two) then depth of cut which is the third effected factors and finally spindle speed with the less effected factors of surface roughness (rank four).
METODE DAKWAH DALAM MENGATASI PROBLEMATIKA REMAJA
Authors: Aldiawan Aldiawan
Published: July 2020

This study is a qualitative study that attempts to collect data by means of theoretical approaches, both preaching theories, and psychological theories. With both approaches it seeks to reveal answers to the problem of how the method of preaching in overcoming adolescent problems. After conducting research, the most important findings of this study are formulated as follows: Da'wah method in overcoming adolescent problems starting from the material must be in accordance with the needs of adolescents easily understood and must be a problem solving problem faced by adolescents. The intended method is lecture, question and answer, discussion, uswatun hasanah (exemplary), and home visit (home visit).
Authors: Sunani Ulya
Published: July 2020

Artikel ini mengkaji makna yang terkandung dalam ussul dan pemali yang berhubungan dengan prosesi pembuatan perahu sandeq. Untuk mengkaji digunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data yang dianalisis adalah data lisan yang berhubungan dengan prosesi pembuatan perahu sandeq yang diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap pelaut Mandar, tukang perahu dan tokoh-tokoh agama/kyai yang berstatus sebagai informan, termasuk tokoh masyarakat. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ussul dan pemali suku Mandar terkait prosesi pembuatan perahu sandeq yang melibatkan ritual didalamnya berupa benda, simbol dan perilaku yang bermakna. Disimpulkan bahwa ussul dan pemali semakin menguatkan bahwa perahu sandeq merupakan bagian dari identitas suku Mandar. Makna Ussul dan pemali menggambarkan tentang harapan dan orientasi keselamatan dan kebaikan rezeki yang merupakan bentuk kecintaan suku Mandar terhadap sandeq dan lautnya.
Authors: Hidayat Mokh Ulil
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini terkait dengan tema tradisi Islam Nusantara. Lembaga Seni Budaya Islam sebagai sebuah lembaga non pemerintah yang ada di Kecamatan Kasimbar setiap tahun menyelenggarakan even budaya dalam merawat tradisi Islam Nusantara di Kecamatan Kasimbar. Penelitian kualitatif digunakan sebagai metode untuk membedah data dan informasi yang didapatkan dari dari hasil inerview. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tradisi yang dipentaskan dalam gelaran budaya oleh secara tidak langsung adalah upaya merawat tradisi Islam Nusantara
Authors: Putra Robby Aditya , Akhyar Ramadiva Muhammad
Published: July 2020

Pluralisme Gus Dur lebih dekat kepada pluralisme sosial, selain juga mengarah kepada humanisme (menghargai hak hidup orang lain). Pluralisme semacam ini lebih menekankan kepada membangun sebuah bangsa yang bersatu di atas perbedaan. Jalur dakwah semacam ini hanya dapat terwujud jika dakwah tidak semata-mata dipahami sebagai kegiatan yang konvensional. Dakwah harus dibawa ke ranah yang lebih luas, yaitu jalur politik. aktivis dakwah bergerak mendakwahkan ajaran Islam supaya Islam dapat dijadikan ideologi negara, atau paling tidak setiap kebijakan pemerintah atau negara selalu dengan nilai-nilai ajaran Islam sehingga ajaran Islam melandasi kehidupan politik bangsa.
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: July 2020

Tiga aspek filsafat telah menjadi kajian para akademisi dan praktisi, yaitu aspek ontology, epeistimologi, dan aksiologi. Tulisa ini mengkasi penetapan konsep ontoilogi, epistemology, dan aksiologi dalam ilmu komunikasi dan dakwah. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode kajian pustaka dengan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengkaji berbagai literature baik berupa buku, jurnal, dan sumber-sumber online. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa dengan memahami konsep ontology, epistimologi, dan aksiologi, maka pencarian kebenaran dan ilmu komunikasi dan dakwah dapat diperoleh secara hakiki. Dalam hal komunikasi penyiaran Islam, maka proses penyajian informasi tidak bisa disamakan dengan penyajian informasi dalam kontek komunikasi umum yang lebih mementingkan kepentingan bisnis dan financial. Dalam komunikasi penyiaran Islam, komunikasi itu harus dilihat dalam kontek ke-Islaman dimana informasi yang disajikan harus lah benar, diperoleh melalui metode yang benar (epistimologi), dan memiliki estetika yang baik sehingga dapat dipertanggung jawabkan.
Authors: Nurasih Wiji , Rasidin Mhd. , Witro Doli
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan menggali kandungan Al-Quran surat al-’Asr serta mengkontekstualisasikannya guna merespon fenomena dalam generasi milenial yang semakin tidak bisa dipisahkan dari aktifitas berkomunikasi melalui teknologi digital (media sosial) khususnya gawai. Eratnya hubungan masyarakat dan gadget telah merubah banyak tatanan mulai dari nilai moral, budaya, pola pikir dan lain sebagainya. Di samping berbagai keuntungannya, adanya media sosial juga telah menjadi pemicu berbagai masalah sosial yang kontra dengan perdamaian. Atas latar belakang tersebut, dalam penelitian ini penulis berusaha mengkaji surat al-’Asr yang kandungan-kandungannya akan diformulasikan untuk menjadi pedoman bagaimana cerdas dalam mengoptimalisasikan media sosial. Penelitian kualitatif ini akan menggunakan pendekatan hermeneutika Al-Quran yang digagas Fazlur Rahman yakni teori double movement. Metode ini memberikan penekanan untuk menemukan nilai universal sehingga hasil penafsiran progresif dan dapat diterapkan dalam berbagai konteks ruang dan waktu. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa surat al-’Asr jika dikontekstualisasikan dapat diperoleh darinya tiga ideal moral sebagaiana yang digagas oleh Rahman. Apabila ketiganya tertanam dalam kesadaran setiap manusia maka hal tersebut dapat menjadi solusi perdamaian dunia. Dalam konteks bermedia sosial upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan mengoptimalkannya seefisien dan seefektif mungkin untuk kebaikan dan kebermanfaatan serta untuk menyampaikan segala hal yang tidak berseberangan dengan kebenaran dan nilai kemanusiaan.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN’S PERSONALITIES IN WILLIAM GOLDING’S LORD OF THE FLIES
Authors: Muallim Aisyiyah Hanif
Published: July 2020

The aims of the study were to reveal the cause of personality development on children’s characters and to elaborate the exertion in eradicating poverty reflects from the novel Lord of the Flies. This study employed descriptive qualitative study with psychoanalytical approach initiated by Sigmund Freud focused on literature as the reflection of real life. The primary data in this study were collected from the novel “Lord of the Flies” by William Golding (1954). The secondary data were taken from the library, internet, and journals, theses, and articles. The research result indicates that the personalities of the children are developed based on the anxiety and defense mechanism as part of psychoanalysis. Other finding is about the reflection of poverty eradication shows in the story. The children’s efforts in getting rescued and hunting could be the reflection of escape from poverty.
Distance education and young learners of English during curfew period due to coronavirus pandemic
Authors: CANLI Zeynep , CANLI Bekir
Published: July 2020

The aim of the study is to search online resources and materials which young learners of English use during the curfew period and what kind of education system young learners of English prefer; face to face education or distance education and to find out their reasons for their choices. The participants include 32 primary school students. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews by the help of Zoom meeting program. It was seen that all of the participants tried to use online resources and materials to improve their English during the difficult days spending at home because of COVID-19 pandemic. 30 participants preferred face to face education. However, two participants preferred distance education. The study may provide data for parents, teachers and authorities to encourage students’ participation into learning activities in English during the curfew period of COVID-19 pandemic.
Trigeminal neuralgia associated with isotretinoin use: a very rare complication
Authors: Guntel Murat
Published: July 2020

Background:

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a term used in short-term acute pain in the trigeminal nerve distribution that feels like stabbing or electric shock. Isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid) is a commonly used medication for the treatment of severe cystic acne that does not respond to other therapies. Isotretinoin treatment has been associated with rare but serious complications on multiple systems.

Case Presentation:

This case report presents a patient who developed TN while using oral isotretinoin therapy for acne vulgaris. This rare adverse event has not been well documented in the medical literature.

Conclusion:

The author want to emphasize with this case report that physicians should keep in mind that TN is one of the possible negative effects of isotretinoin.
Kolonisasi Beberapa Jamur Antagonis Pada Akar Tanaman Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Penekanan Penyakit Antraknosa yang Disebabkan Oleh Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Authors: Jamarun Nurbailis , Yunisman Yunisman
Published: July 2020

Penyakit antraknosa merupakan penyakit penting pada tanaman cabai yang disebabkan oleh Colletotrichum gloesporioides. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan jamur antagonis unggul yang mampu mengkolonisasi akar tanaman cabai dan efektif mengendalikan penyakit antraknosa yang disebabkan oleh Colletotrichum gloesporioides. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 10 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Jamur antagonis yang digunakan yaitu: Trichoderma isolat 1, Trichoderma isolat 2, Trichoderma isolat 3, Trichoderma isolat 4, Paecilomyces isolat 1, Paecilomyces isolat 2, Paecilomyces isolat 3, Paecilomyces isolat 4, dan Aspergilus sp. Aplikasi jamur antagonis dilakukan dengan merendam akar tanaman cabai pada suspensi jamur dan aplikasi jamur patogen dilakukan dengan menyemprotkan suspensi jamur pada buah cabai sampai seluruh permukaannya basah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua jamur antagonis yang diuji mampu mengkolonisasi akar tanaman cabai. Isolat yang terbaik dalam mengkolonisasi dan penekanan penyakit antraknosa adalah Trichoderma isolat 3 yang memiliki kemampuan kolonisasi sebesar 95,83%, persentase buah terserang 18,75% dan intensitas serangan sebesar 20% dan Trichoderma isolat 1 memiliki kemampuan kolonisasi sebesar 91,66%, persentase buah terserang 25,00% dan intensitas serangan sebesar 32,50%.
Respon Beberapa Varietas Padi Terhadap Serangan Fusarium fujikuroi Penyebab Penyakit Bakanae
Authors: Darnetty Darnetty , Sulyanti Eri
Published: July 2020

Fusarium fujikuroi is the cause of bakanae disease in rice plants. Level of bakanae disease attack on some rice cultivation land in West Sumatra, especially in Padang Pariaman district is quite high. One effort to suppress the development of F. fujikuroi is by planting resistant varieties. In this study, 15 rice varieties originating Sumatera Barat were used to be tested for their response to F. fujikuroi attack. The purpose of this study was to obtain the varieties with the low attack rate of F. fujikuroi. Parameters observed were number of dead seeds, number of dead seedlings, number of stunted seedlings, number of seeds showing symptoms of Bakanae and total infected seeds. The results of the study indicated that symptoms of F. fujikuroi attack varied which  were dead seeds, stunting seedlings, dead seedslings and bakanae. The response of rice varieties to  F. fujikuroi attack was different with characterized by different levels of infection rates. Low infection rates were found in Pessel varieties (2.0%), Batang sahalai (15.5%), Cisokan (17.0%), and Batang Lembang (20%). Other varieties showed a high percentage of F. fujikuroi attacks ranging from 20% to 54.5%.
Uji Beberapa Dosis Tepung Daun Gamal (Gliricididia sepium Jacq.) Terhadap Sitophilus oryzae L. Pada Beras Di Penyimpanan
Authors: Rustam Rusli , Sutikno Agus , Laila Jamiatul
Published: July 2020

Rice is one of serealea comodity that susceptible with pest storage. One of the pest that often attack the rice in storage is Sitophilus oryzae L. The alternative for control S. oryzae L. as fumigant which enviromentally sound is Gliricidia sepium Jacq. as organic insecticide. This research aims to get the best dose G. sepium Jacq. leaf powder to control S. oryzae L. pest in rice storage. This research conducted at Laboratory of Plant Pest, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau, Pekan baru from Mei until Juni 2016. This research arranged experimentally by using Completely Randomized Design consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment consist of 5 dose levels were 0 g/100 g rice, 2 g/100 g rice, 4 g/100 g rice, 6 g/100 g rice and 8 g/100 g rice. The result showed that giving of G. sepium Jacq. leaf powder with dose 8 g/100 g rice causes time of death beginningS. oryzae L. during 31.50 hours after application, lethal time 50 during 282.8 hours after application, total mortality was 70%, amount of generation was 9,75 beetles and  decrease of seed weight’s rice was 1.08%.
Pengujian Ekstrak Sederhana Bagian Tumbuhan Cassia alata Linnaeus terhadap Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides secara Invitro
Authors: Arneti Arneti , Sulyanti Eri
Published: July 2020

Plant extracts have been known to cause inhibit the growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.This study was aimed to determine the most potential part of Cassia alata crude extract to control antrachnose on chili. The study was conducted in Phytopathology Laboratory, Plant Pests and Diseases Department, Agriculture Faculty, Andalas University, from April to June 2015. The research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with seven treatments and five replications. The treatments were several extracts from different parts of C. Alata: 1) control 2) flower, 3) old leaf, 4) young leaf, 5) stem, 6) root, and 7) seed with concentration of 5% respectively. Variables observed were colony growth, colony width, conidia number, colony wet and dry weight, and conidia germination. The result showed that all of C. alata extracts could inhibit the growth of C. gloeosporioides in vitro. The best extract was from the old leaf with the percentage of colony width, conidia number, colony wet and dry weight, and conidia germination of 64,30%, 82,41%, 37,77, 29,8%, and 79,96% respectively.
Kemampuan Bakteri Endofit dalam Mengendalikan Penyakit Rebah Kecambah dan Layu Sclerotium (Sclerotium rolfsii) pada Kedelai
Authors: Marwan Husda
Published: July 2020

Endophytic bacteria have potency as candidates of biological control agents to plant disease, because the bacteria as reported to be associated with plant resistance to pathogens. The study aimed to determine the ability of endophytic bacteria to inhibit the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii in vitro, and suppress damping off disease incedence and Sclerotium wilt disease severity on soybean. The ability of endophytic bacteria to inhibit S. rolfsii was carried out on 44 isolates that isolated from soybean, rice and banana. The ability of endophytic bacteria to control damping off disease was carried out on 13 isolates were selected in vitro (BE-CW1, BE-M1, BE-M2, BE-M3, BE-M4, BE-S1, BE-S6, BE-S13, BE-S14, BE -BRRG2, BE-KH1), and also fungicides and two controls (healthy plant and diseased plant). The ability of endophytic bacteria to control Sclerotium wilt was carried out on 6 isolates which showed pressure on damping off disease (BE-M1, BE-M2, BE-M3, BE-M4, BE-CW1, BE-KH2) and 2 controls (healthy plants and diseased plants).The results showed that the thirteen isolates of endophytic bacteria could inhibit mycelial growth and germination S. rolfsii. Soybean seed treatment revealed that dipping the seed in endophytic bacterial isolates suppressed damping off disease incedence with a range of 37.4 to 49.9% and Sclerotium wilt disease severity of 20.1 to 85 % , as well as reduced the mortality of soybean by 26.3 to 84.4 % . BE-KH2 isolate was able to suppress Sclerotium wilt in soybean by 85% and reduce the mortality by 67.5%.
Pengaruh Waktu Aplikasi Paecilomyces spp. terhadap Penekanan Nematoda Bengkak Akar (Meloidogyne spp.) pada Tanaman Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.)
Authors: Winarto Winarto , Reflinaldon Reflinaldon
Published: July 2020

The application time of Paecilomyces spp. was assumed affecting its ability to suppress the root knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.). This study aimed to get the effective application time to suppress Meloidogyne spp. The study was carried out at greenhouse and Biological Control Laboratory of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Andalas from March to June 2015. The research method used was compeletely random design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The application times consisted of 14 days before planting, 7 days before planting, at planting time, 7 days after planting, 14 days after planting and control. Application time of Paecilomyces spp. on 7 days before planting was the best time to reduce the number of root knot, the group of nematode eggs, nematode eggs and nematode larvae in the soil.
Aktivitas Air Rebusan Beberapa Kulit Jeruk (Citrus spp) untuk Menekan Pertumbuhan Colletotrichum gloeosporioides pada Tanaman Buah Naga secara In Vitro
Authors: Sulyanti Eri , Yaherwandi Yaherwandi , Ulindari Restu Monika
Published: July 2020

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan air rebusan kulit jeruk yang efektif dalam menekan pertumbuhan patogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides penz. & Sacc. penyebab penyakit antraknosa pada tanaman buah naga (Hycoleceurus polyrhizus, L.) secara in vitro. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat membantu petani dalam mengendalikan penyakit antraknosa pada tanaman buah naga, serta mampu mempertahankan kualitas dan kuantitas dalam memproduksi buah naga. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di laboratorium Fitopatologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap, 6 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuannya adalah air rebusan dari beberapa kulit jenis jeruk dengan konsentrasi 5 g/100 ml, diantaranya: A = Tanpa perlakuan (kontrol); B = Kulit jeruk purut (Citrus histrix DC); C = Kulit jeruk manis (Citrus sinensis L.); D = Kulit jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia); E = Kulit jeruk kasturi(Citrus madurensis Lour.) ; F = Pestisida berbahan aktif (tebukonazol, dengan dosis anjuran 2 g/100 ml,  sebagai pembanding). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara sidik ragam (uji F) dan jika berbeda nyata dilanjutkan dengan (Least Significance Different) LSD pada taraf nyata 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari perlakuan beberapa kulit jeruk dapat menekan pertumbuhan jamur C. gloeosporioides in vitro. Perlakuan air rebusan kulit jeruk manis adalah yang paling baik dengan efektivitas penekanan: luas koloni 76,86%, jumlah konidia 94,58%, dan daya perkecambahan konidia 38,18%. Namun efektivitasnya masih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan penggunaan pestisida berbahan aktif tebukonazol lebih efektif 100%.
Regna Brasillica: contextualização da Arte de gramática da língua mais usada na costa do Brasil (1595)
Authors: Kaltner Leonardo Ferreira
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo analisa a ‘contextualização’ do pensamento linguístico na Arte de gramática da língua mais usada na costa do Brasil (1595), escrita por José de Anchieta (1534-1597), publicada na tipografia da Universidade de Coimbra no século XVI. Nossa fundamentação teórico-metodológica se vincula ao campo da Historiografia da Linguística (HL), a partir dos modelos propostos por Konrad Koerner (1996) e Pierre Swiggers (2019). Dos três princípios de Koerner: ‘contextualização’, ‘imanência’ e ‘adequação teórica’, analisamos a ‘contextualização’ da gramática anchietana. Nosso objetivo é evidenciar que a gramática de Anchieta estava vinculada ao pensamento linguístico oriundo da educação humanística renascentista portuguesa e à tradição universitária da época. Buscamos, por fim, descrever a comunidade linguística que formava o Brasil quinhentista, contexto de produção da gramática anchietana, a partir de análise de um excerto.
Um comparação entre ANOVA e modelos lineares mistos para análise de dados de tempo de resposta
Authors: Godoy Mahayana Cristina , Nunes Marcus Alexandre
Published: July 2020

Neste artigo, argumentamos que modelos lineares mistos (MLMs) são mais adequados que Análise de Variância (ANOVA) para lidar com dados de tempo de reação. Com a análise de um conjunto de dados simulados, mostramos que MLMs têm menor chance de incorrer em erros do Tipo I por permitir a inclusão de mais de um efeito aleatório (geralmente participantes e itens) em um único modelo. Também apresentamos uma introdução à implementação e análise de dados por meio de MLMs usando R e sugerimos materiais adicionais para os pesquisadores que desejarem fazer esse tipo de análise. Nosso principal objetivo é fomentar o uso de MLMs na comunidade psicolinguística brasileira.
Fulminant presentation of a SMARCB1-deficient, anterior cranial fossa tumor in adult
Authors: Levitan Idan , Fichman Suzana , Laviv Yosef
Published: July 2020

Background:

Malignant atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) usually develops in children. ATRTs are rare in adults, with only one case in the literature describing involvement of the anterior skull base. These primary intracranial tumors are characterized molecularly as SMARCB1 (INI1) deficient. Different types of such SMARCB1-deficient tumors exist in adulthood, usually in the form of extracranial tumors. Very few cases of such a new entity, named SMARCB1-deficient sinonasal carcinoma have been described with intracranial penetration and involvement of the anterior cranial fossa.

Case Description:

A 36-year-old male presented with acute cognitive deterioration. Over few hours, he developed a fulminant herniation syndrome. Imaging showed a tumor in the anterior cranial fossa surrounded by massive brain edema. The tumor has destroyed the frontal bone with involvement of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses. The patient underwent emergent decompressive craniectomy and tumor debulking but could not be saved. Pathological analysis revealed a highly cellular tumor without rhabdoid cells but with areas of necrosis. Further immunohistochemical stains revealed that neoplastic cells were diffusely and strongly positive for epithelial membrane antigen and P63 and negative for SMARCB1 (i.e., loss of expression), confirming the diagnosis of sinonasal carcinoma.

Conclusion:

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a fulminant presentation of a SMARCB1- deficient tumor in young adult, involving the anterior cranial fossa and the paranasal sinuses. The main differential diagnosis of aggressive, primary, intracranial SMARCB1-deficient tumors in adults includes ATRT, SMARCB1- deficient sinonasal carcinoma, rhabdoid meningioma, and rhabdoid glioblastoma. Atypical tumors involving the anterior skull base without a clear histopathological pattern should therefore be checked for SMARCB1 expression.
Solitary osteochondroma of dorsal spine causing canal stenosis with myelopathy – A case report with review of literature
Authors: Acharya Ashish , Grewal Sarvpreet Singh , John Paul Sudhakar , Bind Ravindra Kumar , Khurana Ankita
Published: July 2020

Background:

Osteochondroma is a common benign tumor arising from the long bones. It rarely arises in the spine, where it can cause mild symptoms such as backache all the way up to compressive myelopathy. Malignant transformation has also been reported. Here, the authors present a 52-year-old male with myelopathy attributed to a rare thoracic solitary osteochondroma.

Case Description:

A 52-year-old male presented back pain radiating into both lower extremities with paresthesia to the toes of 1 year’s duration. On examination, he exhibited hyperactive bilateral lower extremity reflexes with bilateral Babinski signs, and focal sensory changes to pin, and touch appreciation in the left L5S1 distributions. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed an abnormal bony mass arising from the posterior arch of T10 with protrusion into the spinal canal resulting in marked canal/cord compression. Surgery included a D10 laminectomy with en bloc resection of the lesion. Postoperatively, the patient’s symptoms resolved. Histologically, the lesion was an osteochondroma.

Conclusion:

When patients present with myelopathy, one should include osteochondromas among the differential diagnostic possibilities.
Clinical and Epidemiologic Characteristics of Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer Patients in Sulaimaniyah, Iraqi Kurdistan
Authors: Khalid Anwar Hama Ghareeb  , Zahira Metwally Gad  , NohaAwad  , Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari  , Jwan Jalal Rasheed shwana  , ShuannShwana  , Fattah Hama Rahim Fattah  , Blind Goran Mustafa Al Talabani  , Safeen Rasul Ali  , Dlovan Ali Taha  , Barham M M Salih  , Shaho Osman Mahmood
Published: July 2020

Prostate cancer is prevalent among men aged over 65 and has been reported as the fourth most common cause of mortality of males all over the world. In addition to age, family history, and race, there are some lifestyle features such as diet, obesity, alcohol, and smoking are believed to play a role in its development. The present study was carried out in order to examine the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of castration-resistant prostate cancer patients identify predictive factors for development of resistance to hormonal therapy. The present retrospective cohort study was carried out on 150 patients who were diagnosed with prostate cancer at Hiwa Cancer hospital in Sulaimania, Iraqi Kurdistan over the period of 2009-2014. Required data were collected using face-to-face or phone interviews using a questionnaire and the patients’ hospital records. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, independent samples t-test, Mann Whitney test, and Pearson’s Chi-square test through SPSS 20.0.
The Incidence and Surgical Approaches of Pancreatic Injuries Following Blunt and Penetrating Abdominal Trauma in Al-DiwaniyahTeaching Hospital
Authors: Adel Shaker Al Tamimi  , Raafa Jawad Kadhm
Published: July 2020

The pancreas is a long J-shaped, soft, lobulated retroperitoneal organ. Pancreatic injury is relatively uncommon, occurring in 0.2–2 % of all trauma patients and 3–12 % of patients with abdominal injury. All traumatic pancreatic injuries are associated with significant morbidity with an overall rate of morbidity nearing 40%, higher grade pancreatic injuries are associated with higher rates of morbidity and mortality . To evaluate of surgical management of blunt and penetrating pancreatic trauma. During the period from January 2015 to September 2018, thirty patients with blunt and penetrating abdominal trauma were managed in emergency surgical department in Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital and assigned in prospective a case control study. Patients with proved associated pancreatic injury (regardless of the degree) at the time of laparotomy were included in the study . The mean age of patients was 34.4 year (17- 57 years) among them there was 25 male (83.3 %) and 5 females (16. 7% The overall mortality rate is 20% (6 patients). The predominant mechanism of injury was penetrating 24 patients (80%) from gunshots and 6 patients with blunt abdominal trauma resulted from road traffic accidents). Pancreatic injury is infrequent in abdominal trauma. Its frequency is little different between blunt and penetrating abdominal trauma.
Platelet reactivity with a third generation thienopyridine drug versus with a second-generation thienopyridine drug
Authors: Feryal Hashim Rada
Published: July 2020

Prasugrel is a third generation thienopyridine drug and Clopidogrel is a second-generation thienopyridine drug. Both drugs used for reducing platelet aggregation in patients with coronary artery diseases.The aim of this study is to investigate the antiplatelet efficacy and safety of Prasugrel 5mg daily as compared to Clopidogrel 75 mg daily for period along to 12 days treatment.Fifty patients, (10 females, 40 males), their ages ranging from (50- 60) years with stable angina were recruited from IbnAlbitar Center for Cardiac Surgery and enrolled in this case study.Of whom 25 patients (group A) received a dose of 75 mg daily of Clopidogrel and other 25 patients (group B) were on a dose of 5 mg daily of Prasugrel for a period of 12 days .Clinical laboratory data of lipid profile, renal function, and prothrombine time obtained at baseline (before treatment). While Platelet aggregation percent measured at the baseline and after 12 days of treatment.The maximal platelet aggregation percent for group A was fell from 78 % ± 6.3 (baseline) to 43.5% ± 5.8 (after 12 days treatment).While patients of group B showed dropping in the maximal platelet aggregation percent from 76 % ± 7.4 (baseline) to 27.3 % ± 5.7 (after 12 days treatment). Analysis of adverse events showed three patients with minor bleeding occurred during Prasugrel treatment, and no bleeding occurred during Clopidogrel treatment. Compared with Clopidogrel 75mg treatment, Prasugrel 5mg treatment for 12 days averted platelets accumulation more quickly and steadily.
Quality by design (QbD) in the field of pharmaceuticals - A Review
Authors: Jogu. Chandrudu  , Gandhimathi R
Published: July 2020

The profile of the target product includes all the characteristics of the product like chemical properties, constituents of the product, physical state and formulation of the product, state of the product at which the highest efficacy and lowest efficacy is obtained. The medical benefits that can be achieved by the use of the product, site of application of the product, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics of the product, aerodynamics, toxicology, purity rates, sterility etc. For the development of manufacturing process, many factors should be clearly understood, which includes the necessary means of the manufacturing of the selected product, the ultimate goal of the manufacturing, what are the drawbacks that have been encountered. in the past manufactured productsduring and after production, how to overcome those loop wholes, what are the all useful techniques that may or may not be economic that can be employed in this manufacture developing process etc. For achieving all these, there should be a number of experts in manufacturing who are hired for this process, as it is always dealt with immense importance and economy. Quality by Design is a very novel approach for making advances in the field of medicine, which can be said as therapy with pharmaceutical advances can cure anything. But, very innovative thoughts by the experts and in-depth research and understanding of the therapeutic moiety of an organism and the disease can help in this advancement.