bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimating the diagonal of matrix functions
Authors: Fika Paraskevi , Mitrouli Marilena , Roupa Paraskevi
Published: October 2016

The evaluation of the diagonal of matrix functions arises in many applications and an efficient approximation of it, without estimating the whole matrix f(A), would be useful. In the present paper, we compare and analyze the performance of three numerical methods adjusted to attain the estimation of the diagonal of matrix functions f(A), where
is a symmetric matrix and f a suitable function. The applied numerical methods are based on extrapolation and Gaussian quadrature rules. Various numerical results illustrating the effectiveness of these methods and insightful remarks about their complexity and accuracy are demonstrated. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The First Stone and the Last Tasmanian: The Colonial Correspondence of Edward Burnett Tylor and Henry Ling Roth
Authors: Taylor Rebe
Published: October 2016

Between 1890 and 1905, Edward Burnett Tylor and Henry Ling Roth extended and formalised two ideas that were intricately connected and deeply influential to the development of nineteenth century anthropology: that the Tasmanian Aboriginal people represented the earliest phase of cultural evolution and that they were extinct. This paper offers a detailed archival exploration of the correspondence between 1891–1905 that informed those ideas. It finds that Tylor and Roth not only received abstracted facts and artefacts from their colonial contacts; they were directed and inspired by an emergent Australian scholarship that sought to propose and urge new disciplinary directions. This paper reveals not only the importance of Tasmanian Aboriginal people to the history of science, but the role that scientific ideas have shaped Australian social memory and national identity.
PREDICTORS OF CYBERBULLYING INTERVENTION AMONG ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STAFF: THE MODERATING EFFECT OF STAFF STATUS
Authors: Williford Anne , Depaolis Kathryn J.
Published: October 2016

Cyberbullying behavior among youth has become a growing concern among parents, educators, and policymakers due to emerging evidence documenting its harmful consequences on youths’ development. As such, schools are increasingly required to address to this form of bullying. Thus, effective responses by school staff are needed. However, no study to date has examined the likelihood of cyberbullying intervention among certified and noncertified school personnel. To that end, the present study assessed whether perceptions, attitudes, and self‐efficacy beliefs predicted the likelihood of cyberbullying intervention and examined whether these relationships were moderated by staff status (e.g., certified and noncertified). Results revealed that attitudes toward victims and self‐efficacy beliefs to intervene were significant predictors of the likelihood of cyberbullying intervention among staff; however, the prevalence of bullying and staff attitudes toward bullies were not significant predictors of intervention likelihood. Implications for in‐service staff training efforts are discussed.
DEVELOPING PARENT‐PROFESSIONAL PARTNERSHIPS IN A POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION PROGRAM FOR STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES
Authors: Francis Grace L. , Fuchs Elizabeth , Johnson Andrew D. , Gordon Sarah , Grant Amber
Published: October 2016

Opportunities are increasing for students with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities to attend postsecondary education programs located at college campuses around the nation. Students who attend postsecondary education programs experience numerous positive outcomes, including independent living skills and expanded social networks. However, although parent‐professional partnerships could significantly enhance long‐term outcomes such as competitive employment and independent living, there is a paucity of information about the nature of these partnerships in postsecondary settings. The purpose of this expository article is to describe how staff from a midwestern postsecondary education program facilitate parent‐professional partnerships through parent involvement and support.
PARENT‐TEACHER COMMUNICATION ABOUT CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER: AN EXAMINATION OF COLLABORATIVE PROBLEM‐SOLVING
Authors: Azad Gazi F. , Kim Mina , Marcus Steven C. , Sheridan Susan M. , Mandell David S.
Published: October 2016

Effective parent‐teacher communication involves problem‐solving concerns about students. Few studies have examined problem‐solving interactions between parents and teachers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), with a particular focus on identifying communication barriers and strategies for improving them. This study examined the problem‐solving behaviors of parents and teachers of children with ASD. Participants were 18 teachers and 39 parents of children with ASD. Parent‐teacher dyads were prompted to discuss and provide a solution for a problem that a student experienced at home and at school. Parents and teachers also reported on their problem‐solving behaviors. Results showed that parents and teachers displayed limited use of the core elements of problem‐solving. Teachers displayed more problem‐solving behaviors than parents. Both groups reported engaging in more problem‐solving behaviors than they were observed to display during their discussions. Our findings suggest that teacher and parent training programs should include collaborative approaches to problem‐solving.
Atmospheric‐pressure nonthermal plasma synthesis of ammonia over ruthenium catalysts
Authors: Kim Hyun‐Ha , Teramoto Yoshiyuki , Ogata Atsushi , Takagi Hideyuki , Nanba Tetsuya
Published: October 2016

Atmospheric‐pressure nonthermal plasma was used to synthesize ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen over ruthenium catalysts. Formation of NH3 in a N2‐H2 mixture altered the plasma characteristics due to the low ionization potential of NH3 (10.15 eV). The optimum gas ratio was found at N2:H2 = 4:1 by volume (i.e., N2‐rich conditions). When plasma was operated at a temperature below 250 °C, the NH3 concentration increased linearly with increasing specific input energy (SIE). For the Ru(2)‐Mg(5)/γ‐Al2O3 catalyst at 250 °C, pulse energization was four times more efficient than the AC energization case. The presence of RuO2 was found to be beneficial for the NH3 synthesis via plasma‐catalysis. The addition of a small amount of O2 was found to be effective for the in situ regeneration of the deactivated catalyst. The effect of metal promoters was in the order of Mg > K > Cs > no promoter.
Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome in an Indonesian patient with folliculin gene mutation
Authors: Wiyono Wiwien Heru , Nurwidya Fariz , Baskoro Hario , Putra Andika Chandra
Published: October 2016

Birt–Hogg–Dubé (BHD) syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that affects the skin, kidney, and lungs. Affected individuals have an increased risk of developing multiple cysts in the lungs and a spontaneous pneumothorax. Germline mutations in the folliculin (
FLCN
) gene have been confirmed as the aetiology of BHD syndrome. A 51‐year‐old Indonesian female presented with recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax, multiple cysts in both lungs, and a renal cyst on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Blood sampling was performed to extract genomic DNA from peripheral blood leucocytes. We identified an aberrant band in the DNA fragment derived from
FLCN
exon 6. Moreover, direct sequencing of
FLCN
exon 6 by denaturing high‐performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) showed a pathogenic mutation, which caused premature termination of folliculin protein translation. This is the first reported case of BHD syndrome in an Indonesian patient confirmed by detection of a
FLCN
exon 6 mutation.
Launch supportive services to help homeless students succeed
Authors: Fatzinger Jim B.
Published: October 2016

Gwinnett County, about 30 miles northeast of Atlanta, is home to almost 900,000 residents residing in 16 municipalities. The county's local cooperative serving the northeast region recently distributed 44,000 pounds of food to the needy in two months. Many of the recipients lacked a permanent home.
Find reasonable responses to handle credible threats on campus
Authors: Sutton Halley
Published: October 2016

PHOENIX — It's a nightmare situation: Your college or university receives a threat, and it's up to you and your campus security team to evaluate how seriously to act and what steps to take to ensure safety for your campus community and as little disruption in services as possible.
Was a student's sexually explicit letter protected speech?
Authors: Gelpi Aileen
Published: October 2016

Keifer Johnson attended Western State Colorado University on an athletic scholarship in May 2013. Onna Gould was a female student at the same university.
Latent classes of resilience and psychological response among only‐child loss parents in China
Authors: Wang An‐ni , Zhang Wen , Zhang Jing‐ping , Huang Fei‐fei , Ye Man , Yao Shu‐yu , Luo Yuan‐hui , Li Zhi‐hua , Zhang Jie , Su Pan
Published: October 2016

Only‐child loss parents in China recently gained extensive attention as a newly defined social group. Resilience could be a probable solution out of the psychological dilemma. Using a sample of 185 only‐child loss people, this study employed latent class analysis (a) to explore whether different classes of resilience could be identified, (b) to determine socio‐demographic characteristics of each class, and (c) to compare the depression and the subjective well‐being of each class. The results supported a three‐class solution, defined as ‘high tenacity‐strength but moderate optimism class’, ‘moderate resilience but low self‐efficacy class’ and ‘low tenacity but moderate adaption‐dependence class’. Parents with low income and medical insurance of low reimbursement type and without endowment insurance occupied more proportions in the latter two classes. The latter two classes also had a significant higher depression scores and lower subjective well‐being scores than high tenacity‐strength but moderate optimism class. Future work should care those socio‐economically vulnerable bereaved parents, and an elastic economic assistance policy was needed. To develop targeted resilience interventions, the emphasis of high tenacity‐strength but moderate optimism class should be the optimism. Moderate resilience but low self‐efficacy class should be self‐efficacy, and low tenacity but moderate adaption‐dependence class should be tenacity.
Limitations of the use of concrete bulk resistivity as an indicator for the rate of chloride‐induced macro‐cell corrosion
Authors: Hornbostel Karla , Elsener Bernhard , Angst Ueli M. , Larsen Claus K. , Geiker Mette R.
Published: October 2016

An experimental setup was designed to study the impact of concrete bulk resistivity on the rate of chloride‐induced reinforcement corrosion. Small pieces of mild steel were used to simulate pits (anodes) that form when chlorides come into contact with the reinforcement. The galvanic current was measured between the simulated anodes and a large cathode network. Comparisons were made between the corrosion rates calculated from the galvanic currents and the bulk resistivity. The bulk resistivity was varied using two mortar mixes (made of plain Portland cement and a Portland cement—fly ash blend), which were exposed in different temperature and moisture conditions. Despite a high scatter in the results, it was clear that the relationship between bulk resistivity and corrosion rate depended on the mortars tested. The findings presented in this article and the accompanying work strongly indicate that bulk resistivity alone does not provide sufficient information for assessment of the corrosion rate for chloride‐induced macro‐cell corrosion.
Reaction of SiCl2·dipp with K[Ge9{Si(SiMe3)3}3] – Synthesis and Characterization of [K(dipp)2][Ge9{Si(SiMe3)3}3]·tol and [dipp‐H][Ge9{Si(SiMe3)3}3]·2acn [dipp = 1,3‐Bis(2,6‐Diisopropylphenyl)imidazol‐2‐ylidene]
Authors: Fischer Christina , Klein Wilhelm , Jantke Laura‐Alice , Schiegerl Lorenz J. , Fässler Thomas F.
Published: October 2016

From solutions of K[Ge9{Si(SiMe3)3}3] with 1,3‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl‐)imidazol‐2‐ylidene (dipp) two new compounds were obtained. From toluene, single crystals of [K(dipp)2][Ge9{Si(SiMe3)3}3]·tol (1) (tol = toluene) were isolated and the crystal structure was determined [monoclinic, P21/c, a = 16.8386(3), b = 24.6597(5), c = 30.2988(6) Å, β = 101.813(2)°, V = 12314.7(4) Å3, Z = 4, 24192 independent reflections, R1 = 0.046, wR2 = 0.084]. The investigation of single crystals from acetonitrile solution revealed the formation of [dipp‐H][Ge9{Si(SiMe3)3}3]·2acn (2) (acn = acetonitrile) [orthorhombic, P212121, a = 13.4484(4), b = 25.8775(7), c = 26.4390(9) Å, V = 9201.1(5) Å3, Z = 4, 18065 independent reflections, R1 = 0.031, wR2 = 0.052]. The two [Ge9{Si(SiMe3)3}3]– entities show the minimal and maximal distortion of the central tricapped prism that have been reported to date. All compounds were characterized by ESI‐MS, NMR and Raman spectroscopy, and DFT calculations.
Unexpected Dimeric Spiro‐Borate Complexes from Lewis‐Acid Induced Transformation of Oxalatoborates
Authors: Zottnick Sven H. , Sorg Jens R. , Sprenger Jan A. P. , Finze Maik , Müller‐Buschbaum Klaus
Published: October 2016

Oxalatoborates were transformed into dimeric spiro‐borate complexes by abstraction of oxalate ligands by Lewis acidic lanthanide trichlorides. Oxalatoborates with different anions and cations were investigated containing either bis‐oxalatoborate or catecholato‐oxalatoborate anions and lithium as well as EMIM (1‐ethyl‐3‐methyl‐imidazolium) and BMIM cations (1‐n‐butyl‐3‐methyl‐imidazolium) from the respective ionic liquids (ILs). Depending on the amount of oxalate groups and the different cations, the oxalate groups are partly or fully abstracted and transferred to the lanthanides. The reaction of anhydrous PrCl3 with Li[B(C6H4O2)(C2O4)] (lithium catecholato‐oxalatoborate = Li[Catbox]) in pyridine (py) led to a conversion of the borate anion to the complex [B2O(C6H4O2)(py)4][PrCl5(py)] (1). The use of the ILs [EMIM][Catbox] and [BMIM][Catbox] indicates complete transfer of the oxalate groups to the lanthanide ions in reactions with lanthanide chlorides and nitrates yielding the well‐known lanthanide oxalates Ln2(C2O4)3·10H2O (Ln = La, Eu). In contrast, the reaction of anhydrous YCl3 with Li[B(C2O4)2] (lithium bis‐oxalatoborate = Li[BOB]) in N,N‐dimethylformamide (dmf) results in the formation of [B2O(C2O4)2(dmf)2] (2). Transfer of one oxalate group per boron onto the yttrium ion is revealed by the formation of the one‐dimensional coordination polymer ∞1[LiYCl2(C2O4)(dmf)3] (3) as additional product. The products were characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction as well as powder X‐ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis.
A Novel Copper Oxalate, Na2Cu(C2O4)2
Authors: Yao Wenjiao , Armstrong A. Robert , Lightfoot Philip
Published: October 2016

A novel copper oxalate Na2Cu(C2O4)2 was synthesized through a hydrothermal method and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. It crystallizes in monoclinic system, P21/n space group with a = 72578(3) Å, b = 5.7711(4) Å, c = 8.6604(8) Å, β = 106.948(9)°. The structure displays a novel stacking pattern of [Cu(C2O4)2]2– units connected through electrostatic attraction by Na+ cations. Structural comparisons are made to related compounds.
Synthesis and Characterization of Phosphonates from Methyl Linoleate and Vegetable Oils
Authors: Bantchev Grigor B. , Moser Bryan R. , Murray Rex E. , Biresaw Girma , Hughes Stephen R.
Published: October 2016

Phosphonates were synthesized on a medium scale (~200 g) from three lipids—methyl linoleate (MeLin), high‐oleic sunflower oil (HOSO) and soybean oil (SBO), and three dialkyl phosphites—methyl, ethyl and n‐butyl, using a radical initiator. A staged addition of the lipid and the initiator was used to achieve good yields. Good results were observed with MeLin (94–99% conversions of the double bonds, as determined by NMR, and 83–99% isolated yields) and HOSO (99–100% NMR conversions, 87–96% isolated yields) using tert‐butyl perbenzoate as the initiator. With SBO, benzoyl peroxide was used as the initiator, due to its capability to generate radicals at a higher rate at slightly lower temperatures, and thus to shorten the reaction time. Conversions of 91–93% (by NMR) and isolated yields of 80–94% were achieved. The progress of the reaction was monitored with GC–MS. The products were characterized using 1H, 13C and 31P NMR, IR and gel permeation chromatography. A prolonged reaction led to some transesterification between the carboxylic and phosphite ester groups. Conditions favoring higher reaction rates led to the formation of more oligomers and benzoate fatty ester byproducts. The benzoate fatty ester byproducts were formed by the attack of a benzoate radical on a double bond. The more double bonds that were present per lipid molecule, the more oligomers were formed: MeLin 2–8%, HOSO 3–9% and SBO 8–29%.
First Trimester Sonographic Findings of Caudal Regression Syndrome
Authors: Kaur Ladbans , Singh Divya , Kaur Meetan Preet , Kaur Mangun
Published: October 2016

We report a case of caudal regression syndrome in a 31-year-old primigravida having type-1 diabetes mellitus for the past eight years who was referred to our institution for a first trimester sonogram. Prenatal ultrasound examination revealed a crown rump length less than the period of amenorrhea with abrupt interruption of the spine beyond the lumbar region. There was complete absence of the sacral vertebrae with a persistent ‘frog-like’ posture of the lower limbs. After extensive counseling, termination of pregnancy was opted for and the autopsy findings confirmed the diagnosis.
Recollections of puberty and disordered eating in young women
Authors: Moore Sarah R. , McKone Kirsten M.P. , Mendle Jane
Published: October 2016

Puberty begins a period of vulnerability for disordered eating that is maintained and amplified through adolescence and early adulthood. In the present study, we test the association between young women's recollections of physical maturation and disordered eating outcomes in early adulthood. Participants comprised N = 421 female undergraduate students at a large, northeastern university in the United States (Mage = 19.7 years). Three models assessed the relative contributions of recollected puberty (perceptions of changes and preparedness, and timing of puberty), current contextual (social support, romantic bond, sorority or sport participation), and demographic (race, socioeconomic status, family structure) variables to three eating‐disorder outcomes. Recollections of feeling unprepared and disliking the physical changes of puberty predicted eating disorder symptoms more than any other demographic or current contextual factor. Results indicate that how young women experience the pubertal transition is related to eating disorder symptoms many years later.
Restoration of uridine 5′‐triphosphate‐suppressed delayed rectifying K+ currents by an NO activator KMUP‐1 involves RhoA/Rho kinase signaling in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells
Authors: Dai Zen‐Kong , Kao Chang‐Ling , Hsieh Su‐Ling , Chen Ing‐Jun , Wu Bin‐Nan
Published: October 2016

We have demonstrated that KMUP‐1 (7‐[2‐[4‐(2‐chlorobenzene)piperazinyl]ethyl]‐1,3‐dimethylxanthine) blunts monocrotaline‐induced pulmonary arterial hypertension by altering Ca2+ sensitivity, K+‐channel function, endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity, and RhoA/Rho kinase (ROCK) expression. This study further investigated whether KMUP‐1 impedes uridine 5′‐triphosphate (UTP)‐inhibited delayed rectifying K+ (KDR) current in rat pulmonary arteries involved the RhoA/ROCK signaling. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were enzymatically dissociated from rat pulmonary arteries. KMUP‐1 (30μM) attenuated UTP (30μM)‐mediated membrane depolarization and abolished UTP‐enhanced cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. Whole‐cell patch‐clamp electrophysiology was used to monitor KDR currents. A voltage‐dependent KDR current was isolated and shown to consist of a 4‐aminopyridine (5mM)‐sensitive component and an insensitive component. The 4‐aminopyridine sensitive KDR current was suppressed by UTP (30μM). The ROCK inhibitor Y27632 (30μM) abolished the ability of UTP to inhibit the KDR current. Like Y27632, KMUP‐1 (30μM) similarly abolished UTP‐inhibited KDR currents. Superfused protein kinase A and protein kinase G inhibitors (KT5720, 300nM and KT5823, 300nM) did not affect UTP‐inhibited KDR currents, but the currents were restored by adding KMUP‐1 (30μM) to the superfusate. KMUP‐1 reversal of KDR current inhibition by UTP predominantly involves the ROCK inhibition. The results indicate that the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway plays a key role in eliciting PASMCs depolarization caused by UTP, which would result in pulmonary artery constriction. KMUP‐1 blocks UTP‐mediated PASMCs depolarization, suggesting that it would prevent abnormal pulmonary vasoconstriction.
The Arc of Personhood: Menkiti and Kant on Becoming and Being a Person
Authors: FLIKSCHUH KATRIN
Published: October 2016

This article seeks to come to a better understanding of the account of normative personhood given by the Nigerian philosopher Ifeyani Menkiti by engaging it with that of Kant. The idea is not to adjudicate between the two accounts, but to explore the philosophical possibilities and constraints in both. I focus on the moral significance of the afterlife in each account. I engage Kant's doctrine of the postulates in support of Menkiti's defense of belief in this-worldly ancestral existence and evaluate Kant's moral commitment to belief in the immortality of the soul in the light of Menkiti's more social conception of the afterlife. I close with some comments on the general need for greater cross-cultural philosophical engagement.
Dynamic wetting failure and hydrodynamic assist in curtain coating
Authors: Liu Chen-Yu , Vandre Eric , Carvalho Marcio S. , Kumar Satish
Published: October 2016

Dynamic wetting failure in curtain coating of Newtonian liquids is studied in this work. A hydrodynamic model accounting for air flow near the dynamic contact line (DCL) is developed to describe two-dimensional (2D) steady wetting and to predict the onset of wetting failure. A hybrid approach is used where air is described by a one-dimensional model and liquid by a 2D model, and the resulting hybrid formulation is solved with the Galerkin finite element method. The results reveal that the delay of wetting failure in curtain coating – often termed hydrodynamic assist – mainly arises from the hydrodynamic pressure generated by the inertia of the impinging curtain. This pressure leads to a strong capillary-stress gradient that pumps air away from the DCL and thus increases the critical substrate speed for wetting failure. Although the parameter values used in the model are different from those in experiments due to computational limitations, the model is able to capture the experimentally observed non-monotonic behaviour of the critical substrate speed as the feed flow rate increases (Blake et al., Phys. Fluids, vol. 11, 1999, p. 1995–2007). The influence of insoluble surfactants is also investigated, and the results show that Marangoni stresses tend to thin the air film and increase air-pressure gradients near the DCL, thereby promoting the onset of wetting failure. In addition, Marangoni stresses reduce the degree of hydrodynamic assist in curtain coating, suggesting a possible mechanism for experimental observations reported by Marston et al. (Exp. Fluids, vol. 46, 2009, pp. 549–558).
THE HOLOMORPHY CONJECTURE FOR NONDEGENERATE SURFACE SINGULARITIES
Authors: CASTRYCK WOUTER , IBADULA DENIS , LEMAHIEU ANN
Published: October 2016

The holomorphy conjecture roughly states that Igusa’s zeta function associated to a hypersurface and a character is holomorphic on$\mathbb{C}$whenever the order of the character does not divide the order of any eigenvalue of the local monodromy of the hypersurface. In this article, we prove the holomorphy conjecture for surface singularities that are nondegenerate over$\mathbb{C}$with respect to their Newton polyhedron. In order to provide relevant eigenvalues of monodromy, we first show a relation between the normalized volumes (which appear in the formula of Varchenko for the zeta function of monodromy) of the faces in a simplex in arbitrary dimension. We then study some specific character sums that show up when dealing with false poles. In contrast to the context of the trivial character, we here need to show fakeness of certain candidate poles other than those contributed by$B_{1}$-facets.
RelAte: pilot study of the effects of a mealtime intervention on social cognitive factors and energy intake among older adults living alone
Authors: McHugh Power Joanna E. , Lee Olga , Aspell Niamh , McCormack Emma , Loftus Michelle , Connolly Leona , Lawlor Brian , Brennan Sabina
Published: October 2016

Mealtime interventions typically focus on institutionalised older adults, but we wanted to investigate whether they may also be effective among those living independently. Using a randomised controlled trial design, we assessed the effects of a novel mealtime intervention on self-efficacy, food enjoyment and energy intake. A total of 100 adults living alone aged over 60 years were randomised to the treatment or control conditions: all received a guidebook on nutrition and culinary skills. Treatment group participants received a weekly visit from a trained volunteer who prepared and shared a meal with them. Participants in the treatment group showed improvements relative to those in the control group at borderline significance (P=0·054) for self-efficacy and at significance for food enjoyment. Significant improvements were observed in female participants in the treatment but not in the control group in energy intake (although following corrections for multiple comparisons, only the effect on food enjoyment remained significant). These findings will inform the design of future complex interventions. For this type of intervention to be successful, more focus has to be placed on making interventions more personalised, potentially according to sex. Findings are important for nutritional sciences as they indicate that, in order to improve energy intake and food enjoyment among older adults, multimodal nutritional interventions including social components may be successful.
Ethical Naturalism and the Justification of Claims about Human Form
Authors: JORDAN JESSY
Published: October 2016

Recent defenders of Philippa Foot, such as Michael Thompson and John Hacker-Wright, have argued that it is a mistake to think that Foot aims to justify a substantive conception of human soundness and defect. Instead, she relies on the acceptance of certain groundless moral norms to underwrite her views about what is characteristically human. I maintain that this is a weakness and that the Footian-style proponent of natural normativity needs to provide a story about how we might achieve justified self-confidence regarding moral norms. In this paper, I offer a coherentist model for doing so, thereby addressing the justification gap.
Who is killing the tiger Panthera tigris and why?
Authors: Saif Samia , Tuihedur Rahman H. M. , MacMillan Douglas Craig
Published: October 2016

We investigated the range of people involved in killing tigers Panthera tigris in the Bangladesh Sundarbans, their motives and methods, and their links to the commercial trade. Using snowball sampling we conducted 141 qualitative interviews with local people. We identified five categories (village residents, poachers, shikaris, trappers and pirates), each with different motives, methods and networks. Village residents kill tigers predominantly for safety, whereas others kill in the forest professionally or opportunistically. Poachers kill tigers for money, but for others the motives are more complex. The motives of local hunters are multifaceted, encompassing excitement, profit, and esteem and status arising from providing tiger parts for local medicine. Pirates kill tigers for profit and safety but also as a protection service to the community. The emerging international trade in tiger bones, introduced to the area by non-local Bangladeshi traders, provides opportunities to sell tiger parts in the commercial trade and is a motive for tiger killing across all groups.
A large common-source outbreak of norovirus gastroenteritis in a hotel in Singapore, 2012
Authors: RAJ P. , TAY J. , ANG L. W. , TIEN W. S. , THU M. , LEE P. , PANG Q. Y. , TANG Y. L. , LEE K. Y. , MAURER-STROH S. , GUNALAN V. , CUTTER J. , GOH K. T.
Published: October 2016

An outbreak of gastroenteritis affected 453 attendees (attack rate 28·5%) of six separate events held at a hotel in Singapore. Active case detection, case-control studies, hygiene inspections and microbial analysis of food, environmental and stool samples were conducted to determine the aetiology of the outbreak and the modes of transmission. The only commonality was the food, crockery and cutlery provided and/or handled by the hotel's Chinese banquet kitchen. Stool specimens from 34 cases and 15 food handlers were positive for norovirus genogroup II. The putative index case was one of eight norovirus-positive food handlers who had worked while they were symptomatic. Several food samples and remnants tested positive forEscherichia colior high faecal coliforms, aerobic plate counts and/or total coliforms, indicating poor food hygiene. This large common-source outbreak of norovirus gastroenteritis was caused by the consumption of contaminated food and/or contact with contaminated crockery or cutlery provided or handled by the hotel's Chinese banquet kitchen.
The impact of pragmatic markers and hedging on sentence comprehension: a case study ofcommeandgenre
Authors: HENNECKE INGA
Published: October 2016

Current research on conceptual and semantic representations is mainly based on prototypical word classes, such as nouns and verbs. Hence, most models of language processing and language representation rely on experimental investigations on these word classes. Until today, only a few psycholinguistic studies centre on the processing of pragmatic markers and hedges and their effect on speech comprehension. The present article aims to give experimental evidence for the processing of semantic meaning patterns and pragmatic functions of pragmatic markers. The focus will be on the question, if pragmatic markers and hedges play a role in sentence processing. This main problem will be illustrated and discussed by means of experimental data. In a monolingual sentence verification task with lexical decision, the meaning patterns and functions of the partially equivalent pragmatic French markerscommeandgenreare investigated in Canadian and European French. The results of the sentence word verification task provide evidence for an impact of pragmatic functions and semantic meaning patterns of pragmatic markers on sentence processing.
THE ENDURING ATLANTA COMPROMISE
Authors: Dill LeConté J. , Morrison Orrianne , Dunn Mercedez
Published: October 2016

Waves of migration to and flight from Atlanta by both White and Black residents and businesses have constantly imagined and re-imagined the city as both politically regressive and racially progressive, and from an environmental health perspective, as both a riskscape and a safe haven. We argue that the persistent racial, social, environmental, and health inequities in Atlanta have been fostered and exacerbated by the exponential growth of the city and the persistent rhetoric of it being “the city too busy to hate.” This paper is informed by extant research on housing and transportation policies and processes at work in Atlanta since the end of the Civil War, and in particular, the predatory and subprime lending practices during the past thirty years. This paper examines how young people, living in a neighborhood where over 50% of the houses are currently vacant and contending with threats of school closures, experience the contemporary foreclosure crisis. Using qualitative data from focus groups with middle school youth, this paper offers youth-informed perspectives and local knowledge by offering responses of marginalized populations in Atlanta who inhabit, rather than flee, their built and social environments.
Avoiding Methodological Biases in Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kaufmann Esther , Reips Ulf-Dietrich , Maag Merki Katharina
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis is the gold standard of meta-analyses. This paper points out several advantages of IPD meta-analysis over classical meta-analysis, such as avoiding aggregation bias (e.g., ecological fallacy or Simpson’s paradox) and shows how its two main disadvantages (time and cost) can be overcome through Internet-based research. Ideally, we recommend carrying out IPD meta-analyses that consider online versus offline data gathering processes and examine data quality. Through a comprehensive literature search, we investigated whether IPD meta-analyses published in the field of educational psychology already follow these recommendations; this was not the case. For this reason, the paper demonstrates characteristics of ideal meta-analysis on teachers’ judgment accuracy and links it to recent meta-analyses on that topic. The recommendations are important for meta-analysis researchers and for readers and reviewers of meta-analyses. Our paper is also relevant to current discussions within the psychological community on study replication.
Decision-Making Tools for Aeronautical Teams: FOR-DEC and	Beyond
Authors: Soll Henning , Proske Solveig , Hofinger Gesine , Steinhardt Gunnar
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Many case studies show that unstructured decision-making processes in teams are contributing factors to accidents. In situations without any preconfigured solutions, airlines have developed decision models. In our article, we give an overview and comparative analysis of different models. We discuss FOR-DEC, developed by Lufthansa and the German Aerospace Center. Findings from an explorative study on pilots’ experiences with FOR-DEC and from a workshop with pilots and experts from non-aviation high-risk domains are reported. The model is useful for structured decision-making in complex situations when there is enough time. Moreover, some extensions to FOR-DEC could be beneficial, for example, the integration of expert knowledge into the decision process and the explicit integration of the team in the decision-making process. Results give advice for the useful implementation, application, and training of decision-making tools using the example of FOR-DEC.
Nontechnical Skills Training in Air Traffic Management Including	Computer-Based Simulation Methods
Authors: Knecht Chiara P. , Muehlethaler Celine M. , Elfering Achim
Published: October 2016

Abstract. The aim of the present paper is to introduce a simulation-based nontechnical skills training for air traffic controllers, by presenting the scientific analyses for the training development as well as the prototype training. The training combines theoretical background about human factors (situation awareness, decision making, stress and workload management, communication, team work, threat and error management, and fatigue management) with the training of scenarios in a simulation. Furthermore, the training comprises support material for briefings and debriefings as well as an instructor training. The use of simulation-based methods allows for an active learning environment that reinforces transfer processes from training to real work settings of controllers, an adaptation to changing training contents, and thus guarantees an innovative approach to flight safety.
Yeo Receives 2016 Fred L. Scarf Award
Authors:   AGU
Published: October 2016

Kok Leng Yeo will receive the Fred L. Scarf Award at the 2016 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, to be held 12–16 December in San Francisco, Calif. This award is given annually to one honoree in recognition of an outstanding dissertation that contributes directly to solar-planetary science.
Stretching magnetism with an electric field in a nitride semiconductor
Authors: Sztenkiel D. , Foltyn M. , Mazur G. P. , Adhikari R. , Kosiel K. , Gas K. , Zgirski M. , Kruszka R. , Jakiela R. , Li Tian , Piotrowska A. , Bonanni A. , Sawicki M. , Dietl T.
Published: October 2016

The significant inversion symmetry breaking specific to wurtzite semiconductors, and the associated spontaneous electrical polarization, lead to outstanding features such as high density of carriers at the GaN/(Al,Ga)N interface—exploited in high-power/high-frequency electronics—and piezoelectric capabilities serving for nanodrives, sensors and energy harvesting devices. Here we show that the multifunctionality of nitride semiconductors encompasses also a magnetoelectric effect allowing to control the magnetization by an electric field. We first demonstrate that doping of GaN by Mn results in a semi-insulating material apt to sustain electric fields as high as 5 MV cm−1. Having such a material we find experimentally that the inverse piezoelectric effect controls the magnitude of the single-ion magnetic anisotropy specific to Mn3+ ions in GaN. The corresponding changes in the magnetization can be quantitatively described by a theory developed here.
Solution conformation and flexibility of capsular polysaccharides from Neisseria meningitidis and glycoconjugates with the tetanus toxoid protein
Authors: Abdelhameed Ali Saber , Morris Gordon A. , Almutairi Fahad , Adams Gary G. , Duvivier Pierre , Conrath Karel , Harding Stephen E.
Published: October 2016

The structural integrity of meningococcal native, micro-fluidized and activated capsular polysaccharides and their glycoconjugates – in the form most relevant to their potential use as vaccines (dilute solution) - have been investigated with respect to their homogeneity, conformation and flexibility. Sedimentation velocity analysis showed that the polysaccharide size distributions were generally bimodal with some evidence for higher molar mass forms at higher concentration. Weight average molar massesMwwhere lower for activated polysaccharides. Conjugation with tetanus toxoid protein however greatly increased the molar mass and polydispersity of the final conjugates. Glycoconjugates had an approximately unimodal log-normal but broad and large molar mass profiles, confirmed by sedimentation equilibrium “SEDFIT MSTAR” analysis. Conformation analysis using HYDFIT (which globally combines sedimentation and viscosity data), “Conformation Zoning” and Wales-van Holde approaches showed a high degree of flexibility – at least as great as the unconjugated polysaccharides, and very different from the tetanus toxoid (TT) protein used for the conjugation. As with the recently published finding for Hib-TT complexes, it is the carbohydrate component that dictates the solution behaviour of these glycoconjugates, although the lower intrinsic viscosities suggest some degree of compaction of the carbohydrate chains around the protein.
Exploring the Influence of Environmental Factors on Bacterial Communities within the Rhizosphere of the Cu-tolerant plant, Elsholtzia splendens
Authors: Jiang Longfei , Song Mengke , Yang Li , Zhang Dayi , Sun Yingtao , Shen Zhenguo , Luo Chunling , Zhang Gan
Published: October 2016

Bacterial communities of rhizospheric soils play an important role in the tolerance and uptake of metal-tolerant/hyperaccumulating plants to metals, e.g. the Cu-tolerant Elsholtzia splendens native to China. In this work, pyrosequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was firstly applied to investigate the rhizospheric bacterial community of E. splendens grown at Cu contaminated sites. The 47 phyla including 11 dominant phyla (>1%) in E. splendens rhizosphere were presented. The effects of Cu and other environmental factors (total organic carbon, total nitrogen and pH) on the rhizospheric bacterial community were studied comprehensively. The phyla abundances were affected by the environmental factors to different extent, and we found pH, instead of Cu concentration, influenced UniFrac distance significantly and was identified as the most important environmental factor affecting bacterial community. In addition, the influence of environmental factors on gene profiles was explored according to the predicted metagenomes obtained by PICRUSt (phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states). Our study illustrates a view about Cu-tolerant E. splendens rhizospheric bacterial communities (composition, diversity and gene profiles) and their influencing factors, giving a hand for the understanding on bacterial community is formed and affected in rhizosphere.
Characterization of activated cyclic olefin copolymer: effects of ethylene/norbornene content on the physiochemical properties
Authors: O'Neil Colleen E. , Taylor Scott , Ratnayake Kumuditha , Pullagurla Swathi , Singh Varshni , Soper Steven A.
Published: October 2016

The ethylene/norbornene content within cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) is well known to affect the chemical and physical properties of the copolymer, such as the glass transition temperature (Tg) and transparency.
Comment on “Pressure-induced structural and valence transition in AgO” by C. Hou, J. Botana, X. Zhang, X. Wang and M. Miao, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2016, 18, 15322
Authors: Derzsi Mariana , Grochala Wojciech
Published: October 2016

The recent article by Hou et al. has focused on a theoretical study of mixed valence compound AgO in order to elucidate the nature of the electronic structure of this system as a function of external pressure.
pH controlled adsorption of water-soluble ruthenium clusters onto carbon nanotubes and nanofiber surfaces
Authors: Mager Nathalie , Lamme Wouter S. , Carlier Samuel , Hermans Sophie
Published: October 2016

Nanocarbon supported catalysts were prepared from water-soluble molecular clusters by pH controlled impregnations in order to probe the clusters/surface interactions and to maximize them.
Improved electromagnetic wave absorption of Co nanoparticles decorated carbon nanotubes derived from synergistic magnetic and dielectric losses
Authors: Wu Nannan , Lv Hailong , Liu Jiurong , Liu Yuzhen , Wang Shenyu , Liu Wei
Published: October 2016

Co-nanoparticles-deposited carbon nanotubes were synthesized through a facile process and exhibited superior electromagnetic absorption performance.
Nanoscale hydration dynamics of DNA–lipid blend dry films: DNA-size dependency
Authors: Shimobayashi S. F. , Hishida M. , Kurimura T. , Ichikawa M.
Published: October 2016

The hydration dynamics of dry DNA–lipid films are dependent on the doped molecules and their sizes.
High-performance printable hybrid perovskite solar cells with an easily accessible n-doped fullerene as a cathode interfacial layer
Authors: Chang Chih-Yu , Tsai Bo-Chou , Hsiao Yu-Cheng , Huang Yu-Ching , Tsao Cheng-Si
Published: October 2016

A promising approach towards highly efficient printable perovskite solar cells is demonstrated by employing a HMB-doped PC61BM film as a cathode interfacial layer.
Mechanistic study of ethylene tri- and tetramerisation with Cr/PNP catalysts: effects of additional donors
Authors: Britovsek George J. P. , McGuinness David S. , Tomov Atanas K.
Published: October 2016

The mechanism of ethylene trimerisation and tetramerisation with Cr–diphosphinoamine complexes, specifically the influence of additional donor ligands and anions, is investigated through an experimental and DFT study.
Tetracarbaboranes: nido structures without bridging hydrogens
Authors: Attia Amr A. A. , Lupan Alexandru , King R. Bruce
Published: October 2016

The structures and energetics of the tetracarbaboranes C4Bn−4Hn (n = 6 to 13) have been investigated by density functional theory. In general, the lowest energy structures of the tetracarbaboranes C4Bn−4Hn minimize the number of C–C polyhedral edges as well as the degrees of the carbon vertices.
Macrocyclic {3d–4f} SMMs as building blocks for 1D-polymers: selective bridging of 4f ions by use of an O-donor ligand
Authors: Dhers Sébastien , Feltham Humphrey L. C. , Rouzières Mathieu , Clérac Rodolphe , Brooker Sally
Published: October 2016

A robust, cationic, macrocyclic single-molecule magnet [Cu3Tb(LEt)] was covalently linked using terephthalate linkers, forming a 1D-polymer that exhibits slow dynamics of the magnetisation.
Ferro- or antiferromagnetic interactions controlled by ditopic or chelating auxiliary ligands in 3D metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Tian Hua , Cheng Ai-Ling , Gao En-Qing
Published: October 2016

Three-dimensional Co(ii) MOFs based on bis(carboxylate) bridged chains show tunable intrachain ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic behaviors with bridging or chelating auxiliary ligands.
Straightforward and selective metal capture through CO2-induced self-assembly
Authors: Poisson G. , Germain G. , Septavaux J. , Leclaire J.
Published: October 2016

A new process of rare earth metal capture employing carbon dioxide as a key component was designed and studied.
Boron-containing delocalised lipophilic cations for the selective targeting of cancer cells
Authors: Gianpiero Calabrese , Anis Daou , Aikaterini Rova , Eirini Tseligka , Ioannis Vizirianakis S. , Dimitrios Fatouros G. , John Tsibouklis
Published: October 2016

To limit the incidence of relapse, cancer treatments must not promote the emergence of drug resistance in tumour and cancer stem cells.
High-efficiency omnidirectional photoresponses based on monolayer lateral p–n heterojunctions
Authors: Tsai Meng-Lin , Li Ming-Yang , Shi Yumeng , Chen Lih-Juann , Li Lain-Jong , He Jr-Hau
Published: October 2016

Monolayer lateral WSe2–MoS2 p–n heterojunctions exhibit a high responsivity of 0.26 A W−1 with an excellent omnidirectional photodetection capability, showing unique characteristics for the future development of sub-nano semiconductor devices and applications.
Clickable glutathione using tetrazine-alkene bioorthogonal chemistry for detecting protein glutathionylation
Authors: Kekulandara Dilini N. , Samarasinghe Kusal T. G. , Munkanatta Godage Dhanushka N. P. , Ahn Young-Hoon
Published: October 2016

Allyl-glutathione is synthesizedin situin cells expressing a glutathione synthetase mutant for detection of protein glutathionylation by using tetrazine-alkene chemistry.
Lipid-membrane-incorporated arylboronate esters as agents for boron neutron capture therapy
Authors: Ueda Masafumi , Ashizawa Kengo , Sugikawa Kouta , Koumoto Kazuya , Nagasaki Takeshi , Ikeda Atsushi
Published: October 2016

An arylboronate ester bearing a methyl group at both of its ortho positions was stably incorporated into lipid membranes at high concentrations without hydrolysis.
A quantum chemical study of HOCl-induced transformations of carbamazepine
Authors: Tandarić Tana , Vrček Valerije , Šakić Davor
Published: October 2016

The computational chemistry approach in predicting products and recalcitrans in hypochlorous acid promoted carbamazepine degradation in the environment.
Self-healing of glucose-modified polyurethane networks facilitated by damage-induced primary amines
Authors: Yang Ying , Urban Marek W.
Published: October 2016

Mechanical damages are able to induce formation of reactive groups, which with a proper catalyst, will lead to self-healing.
Spin transitions in a series of [Fe(pybox)2]2+ complexes modulated by ligand structures, counter anions, and solvents
Authors: Zhu Yuan-Yuan , Li Hong-Qing , Ding Zhong-Yu , Lü Xiao-Jin , Zhao Liang , Meng Yin-Shan , Liu Tao , Gao Song
Published: October 2016

A new family of mononuclear Fe(ii) compounds is synthesized based on pybox ligands. Their spin-crossover behaviours can be effectively mediated by ligand structures, counter anions, and solvents.
Insights into the effect of Pt doping of Cu(110)/H2O for methanol decomposition: a density functional theory study
Authors: Zhang Yong-Chao , Zuo Zhi-Jun , Ren Rui-Peng , Lv Yong-Kang
Published: October 2016

Density functional theory calculations with the periodic slab model were performed to investigate the methanol decomposition mechanism with different ratios of Pt doped into Cu(110)/H2O surfaces.