bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Influence and Mechanism of Diatomaceous Earth Internal Curing on the Autogenous Shrinkage and Early Crack Resistance of Cement-Based Materials with Low Water–Binder Ratio
Authors: Li Shuangxi , Liu Shunyi , Jiang Chunmeng
Published: June 2024

Diatomaceous earth (DE), a kind of natural and environmentally friendly concrete admixture with good pozzolanic and water absorption properties, is a potential high-quality internal curing material. DE internal curing agent was prepared by calcining excavated diatomaceous earth and applied in cement-based materials with a low water–binder ratio of 0.35 to study its effects on the autogenous shrinkage and early crack resistance of the materials. The results showed that DE was a kind of microfine powder with a unique and orderly microporous structure, and its main component was SiO2, which had good water-holding and -releasing properties. Pre-absorbed DE could effectively improve the internal relative humidity of cement-based materials with a low water–binder ratio. Under the standard of not reducing the 28 d compressive strength of mortar, compared to the benchmark group without DE, when 1% of cement is replaced by DE of equal mass, DE could effectively reduce the 7 d autogenous shrinkage of mortar by about 36.7% and delay the initial cracking time of mortar under the restraint condition of the ring by 10.7%. Therefore, it is an internal curing material with excellent performance.
Enhancing the Mechanical Properties of a 6061 Aluminum Alloy by Heat Treatment from the Perspective of Taguchi Design-of-Experiments
Authors: Guzmán-Flores Isidro , Granda-Gutiérrez Everardo Efrén , Cruz-González Celso Eduardo , Hernández-García Héctor Manuel , Díaz-Guillén Juan Carlos , Flores-González Leonardo , Praga-Alejo Rolando Javier , Martínez-Delgado Dora Irma
Published: June 2024

This research investigates the heat treatment parameters of 6061-aluminum alloy to enhance its mechanical properties. The Taguchi design-of-experiments (DOE) method was employed to systematically examine the effects of solutionizing temperature, solutionizing time, aging temperature, and aging time on the tensile strength of the alloy. Mechanical testing suggested a major influence of solutionizing and aging temperatures on the ultimate tensile strength of the alloy. The samples subjected to a solutionizing temperature of 540 °C for 3 h, followed by aging at 170 °C for 18 h, exhibited the highest ultimate tensile strength (293.7 MPa). Conversely, the samples processed at the lowest levels of these parameters displayed the lowest ultimate tensile strength (193.7 MPa). Microstructural analysis confirmed the formation of equiaxed grains, strengthening precipitates, precipitate clusters, and β (Mg2Si) precipitates alongside Fe-Al-Si dispersoids. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis detected the presence of elemental precursors of β phase (Al-Mg-Si) and dispersoid-forming elements (Al-Fe-Si). X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) analysis revealed the persistence of the β phase in the alloy, indicating its contribution to the improved mechanical properties, which are mainly obtained by aging precipitation phases. Fracture analysis showed a ductile fracture mechanism, and examining fractured samples supported the findings of enhanced tensile properties resulting from the adequate selection of heat treatment parameters. We employed ANOVA (analysis of variance) to analyze the DOE results, using a multiple regression model to express the ultimate tensile strength of the alloy in terms of the variables used in the design. This yielded an adjusted coefficient of determination of 89.75%, indicating a high level of explained variability in the test data for evaluating the model’s predictive capacity.
Daily Variation of Body Temperature: An Analysis of Influencing Physiological Conditions
Authors: Arrigo Federica , Arfuso Francesca , Faggio Caterina , Piccione Giuseppe
Published: June 2024

The evaluation of thermoregulation in homeothermic animals is important for their health assessment. Body temperature is influenced by the circadian rhythm, which, through certain signals, is regulated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Temperature is collected by various methods; to reduce the invasiveness of rectal temperature sampling, considered the most accurate, infrared thermography has been used. The aim of the present review was to describe the circadian variability of average body temperature in several domestic animal species. In addition to variations due to the circadian rhythm, a number of conditions that can influence body temperature have also been studied. One example of this is exercise, which occurs in the case of domestic animals such as horses, dogs, and donkeys. In particular, it has been analysed in athletic horses, where, following intense exercise, the circadian rhythm of temperature is altered. The daily temperature variation during pregnancy and the neonatal period was also analysed. The circadian rhythm of temperature is influenced by the gestational period of sheep and goats, but this is affected differently depending on the type of species. The same is true for the neonatal period, in kids, lambs, and cattle, where the circadian rhythm is established at different times.
Resilient and Sustainable Structures through EMI-Based SHM Evaluation of an Innovative C-FRP Rope Strengthening Technique
Authors: Papadopoulos Nikos A. , Naoum Maria C. , Sapidis George M. , Chalioris Constantin E.
Published: June 2024

Reinforced Concrete (RC) members in existing RC structures are susceptible to shear-critical due to their under-reinforced design. Thus, implementing a retrofitting technique is essential to eliminate the casualties that could arise from sudden and catastrophic collapses due to these members’ brittleness. Among other proposed techniques, using Carbon-Fiber Reinforced Polymers (C-FRP) ropes to increase the shear strength of RC structural elements has proved to be a promising reinforcement application. Moreover, an Electro-Mechanical Impedance (EMI-based) method using Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT-enabled) was employed to assess the efficiency of the strengthening scheme. Initially, the proposed technique was applied to C-FRP rope under the subjection of pullout testing. Thus, a correlation of the rope’s tensile strength with the EMI responses of the PZT patch was achieved using the Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) metric index. Thereafter, the method was implemented to the experimentally acquired data of C-FRP ropes, used as shear reinforcement in a rectangular deep beam. The ropes were installed using the Embedded Through Section (ETS) scheme. Furthermore, an approach to evaluate the residual shear-bearing capacity based on the EMI responses acquired by being embedded in and bonded to the ropes’ PZTs was attempted, demonstrating promising results and good precision compared to the analytical prediction of the C-FRP ropes’ shear resistance contribution.
The Effects of Different Sowing Dates on the Autumn Development and Yield of Winter Wheat in Central Lithuania
Authors: Kanapickas Arvydas , Vagusevičienė Ilona , Sujetovienė Gintarė
Published: June 2024

Sowing date is a particularly important management option to optimize yields as it determines proper wintering and productivity. During a seven-year field experiment, the response of winter wheat to five different sowing times was studied. The beginning of the dormancy period was determined, and the Growing Degree Day (GDD) requirements for the period from sowing to emergence and from emergence to dormancy were assessed. As the sowing date was delayed, the time from sowing to emergence increased. The minimum optimum temperature during the emergence period was about 12 °C, with a heat requirement of about 125–130 GDD for earlier sowings, ensuring that winter wheat germinated successfully and properly prepared for wintering. The heat requirement for later sowings was higher and reached about 180 GDD when the average temperature of this period was about 8 °C. For the late sowing, the period from emergence to dormancy was too short, so winter wheat did not accumulate the required amount of heat, which had a significant impact on yield. The accumulated temperature from emergence to dormancy must be greater than 100 GDD. The obtained values can be applied in other regions or to choose the appropriate wheat sowing time to reduce yield losses under climate change.
Precursory Signs of Large Forbush Decreases in Relation to Cosmic Rays Equatorial Anisotropy Variation
Authors: Papailiou Maria-Christina , Abunina Maria , Mavromichalaki Helen , Shlyk Nataly , Belov Semyon , Abunin Artem , Gerontidou Maria , Belov Anatoly , Yanke Victor , Triantou Amalia
Published: June 2024

Forbush decreases are usually characterized by increased values of cosmic ray anisotropy. The precursory signs, i.e., pre-increases and especially pre-decreases of the cosmic ray intensity, are highly anisotropic phenomena that ordinarily forewarn of such events. Two Cosmic Ray Groups from the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA) and the Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere, and Radiowave Propagation of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IZMIRAN) have been investigating the existence of precursory signs preceding Forbush decreases in relation to different solar phenomena, interplanetary parameters, and geomagnetic conditions. In this study, large Forbush decreases (magnitude > 5%) accompanied by geomagnetic storms (i.e., geomagnetic index Dst < −100 nT and 5 ≤ Kp-index ≤ 9) and characterized by an equatorial anisotropy 1 h before the onset of the event (Axyb, %) less than 0.8% were examined regarding precursors. In total, 50 events with the aforementioned features were selected and analyzed from the IZMIRAN’s Forbush Effects and Interplanetary Disturbances database concerning the time period from 1969 until 2023. The Ring of Stations method, which depicts the cosmic ray variations for various asymptotic longitudes in relation to time, was applied on each event. The results revealed that clear signs of pre-decreases were not present for the majority of the events. Since particularly strong events were considered, most of them still showed some precursory signs, albeit mainly weak. Despite this, the value of Axyb = 0.8% proves to be a good threshold for the manual selection of FDs with well-expressed precursors.
Indoor Radon Testing, Effective Dose and Mitigation Measures in a Residential House of a Mining Area
Authors: Spasić Dušica , Gulan Ljiljana , Vučković Biljana
Published: June 2024

This study presents the results of continuous indoor radon measurements in a test-house in the vicinity of the “Trepča” mine, near the town of Kosovska Mitrovica. Annual measurements were performed using the detector, Airthings Corentium Home, in the bedroom of an old residential building. A high estimated annual effective dose from radon (33 mSv) was calculated using the last ICRP dose conversion factor and is discussed here regarding the previously recommended ones. There are significant indications concerning the health hazard. Several measures are proposed and serve as a technical solution including other effective, low-cost radon mitigation procedures in order to reduce radon levels. The effectiveness of the applied measures resulted in a 44% reduction in radon concentration.
Correlation between Lunar Phases and Rainfall Patterns in Mexico
Authors: Avila-Carrazco Juan Israel , Villalobos-De Alba Ángel Alfonso , Olvera-Olvera Carlos Alberto , De La Rosa-Vargas José I. , Gutiérrez-Bañuelos Héctor , Solís-Sánchez Luis Octavio , Villagrana-Barraza Santiago , López-Martínez Manuel de Jesús , Ortíz-Esquivel Diana Isabel , Díaz-Flórez Germán
Published: June 2024

In this study, daily historical records from Mexican weather stations across the country were classified according to corresponding Moon phases at the time of rainfall occurrence: New Moon, Waxing Crescent, First Quarter, Waxing Gibbous, Full Moon, Waning Gibbous, Last Quarter, and Waning Crescent. Out of the 5839 Mexican weather stations analyzed, 2412 met the specified data quality standards, which included a historical daily record period ranging from 30 to 51 years (1960–2011) and a maximum tolerance of 20% missing data. Correlation behavior between Moon phases and historical cumulative rainfall in Mexico was identified at two levels: general and particular. At the general level, the total historical cumulative rainfall by Moon phase was quantified. At the particular level, the correlation patterns between the Moon phases and the highest and lowest historical cumulative rainfall were identified. The results showed that the historical cumulative rainfall was highest at 17.24% during the New Moon and lowest at about 10.01% on average during the Waxing Crescent, First Quarter, and Waning Crescent phases (with 9.64% as the lowest value). During the Waxing Gibbous, Full Moon, and Waning Gibbous phases, rainfall remained at average values of approximately 13.18%. At 89.09% of the weather stations, the rainiest Moon phase was New Moon, and at 56.05%, the least rainy was Waning Crescent. In a few geographical areas, there are clearly defined patterns, which is atypical, given that in other geographical areas, the patterns are typically not so evident. This work demonstrates remarkable and strong correlation behavior between Moon phases and historical cumulative rainfall in Mexico.
Acceptability of Audiovestibular Assessment in the Home—A Patient Survey
Authors: Male Amanda J. , Koohi Nehzat , Holmes Sarah L. , Pitceathly Robert D. S. , Kaski Diego
Published: June 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically changed health service delivery with vulnerable patients advised to isolate and appointments provided virtually. This change affected recruitment into an observational cohort study, undertaken at a single site, where participants with mitochondrial disorders were due to have specialist hospital-based audiovestibular tests. To ensure study viability, the study protocol was amended to allow home-based assessment for vulnerable participants. Here, we report outcomes of an online survey of participants who underwent home-based assessment, related to the experience, perceived benefits, and drawbacks of home audiovestibular assessments. Seventeen participants underwent home-based neuro-otological assessment, due to the need to isolate during COVID-19. Following the assessment, 16 out of 17 participants completed an anonymised online survey to share their experiences of the specialist home-based assessment. One hundred percent of participants rated the home-based assessment ‘very positively’ and would recommend it to others. Sixty-three percent rated it better than attending hospital outpatient testing settings. The benefits included no travel burden (27%) and reduced stress (13%). A majority reported no drawbacks in having the home visit. The patient-reported feedback suggests a person-centred approach where audiovestibular assessments are conducted in their homes is feasible for patients, acceptable and seen as beneficial to a vulnerable group of patients.
A Hybrid Method for Solving the One-Dimensional Wave Equation of Tapered Sucker-Rod Strings
Authors: Yin Jiaojian , Ma Hongzhang
Published: June 2024

Simulating surface conditions by solving the wave equation of a sucker-rod string is the theoretical basis of a sucker-rod pumping system. To overcome the shortcomings of the conventional finite difference method and analytical solution, this work describes a novel hybrid method that combines the analytical solution with the finite difference method. In this method, an analytical solution of the tapered rod wave equation with a recursive matrix form based on the Fourier series is proposed, a unified pumping condition model is established, a modified finite difference method is given, a hybrid strategy is established, and a convergence calculation method is proposed. Based on two different types of oil wells, the analytical solutions are verified by comparing different methods. The hybrid method is verified by using the finite difference method simulated data and measured oil data. The pumping speed sensitivity and convergence of the hybrid method are studied. The results show that the proposed analytical solution has high accuracy, with a maximum relative error relative to that of the classical finite difference method of 0.062%. The proposed hybrid method has a high simulation accuracy, with a maximum relative area error relative to that of the finite difference method of 0.09% and a maximum relative area error relative to measured data of 1.89%. Even at higher pumping speeds, the hybrid method still has accuracy. The hybrid method in this paper is convergent. The introduction of the finite difference method allows the hybrid method to more easily converge. The novelty of this work is that it combines the advantages of the finite difference method and the analytical solution, and it provides a convergence calculation method to provide guidance for its application. The hybrid method presented in this paper provides an alternative scheme for predicting the behavior of sucker-rod pumping systems and a new approach for solving wave equations with complex boundary conditions.
A Review of Eales’ Disease and Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Bae Kailey , Alcantara Cheldon Ann , Kim Jonathan , Tsui Crystal , Venketaraman Vishwanath
Published: June 2024

Eales’ Disease is an idiopathic peripheral retinal vasculopathy first described by British ophthalmologist Henry Eales in 1880. Most prevalent in healthy young males, Eales’ Disease often presents with symptoms of sudden blurry or decreased vision and floaters. Although no clear, standardized stage of the disease exists, it progresses through three overlapping phases—peripheral periphlebitis, ischemic capillary ischemia, and retinal neovascularization. The etiology of Eales’ Disease is unknown and appears to be multifactorial, but post-TB hypersensitivity to tuberculoprotein and M. tuberculosis DNA is the most potential cause in the etiology of Eales’ Disease. With a thorough examination of the clinical presentation and diagnosis of Eales’ Disease—incorporating the latest clinical findings related to the condition—the investigation for Eales’ Disease extends to explore recent potential connections with other ocular conditions or possible cofactors, such as glaucoma, uncontrolled diabetes, drug abuse, or inherited medical conditions. Moreover, focusing on critical insights into the treatment of Eales’ Disease across its various stages of progression, the overarching goal of the paper is to refine and suggest possible future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Widening our understanding of pathophysiology and utilizing various treatment options for individual patients holds immense potential for advancing ocular medicine and optimizing patient care for people with this disease with unknown pathophysiology.
Spheroid Model of Mammary Tumor Cells: Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition and Doxorubicin Response
Authors: Coelho Laura Lacerda , Vianna Matheus Menezes , da Silva Debora Moraes , Gonzaga Beatriz Matheus de Souza , Ferreira Roberto Rodrigues , Monteiro Ana Carolina , Bonomo Adriana Cesar , Manso Pedro Paulo de Abreu , de Carvalho Marcelo Alex , Vargas Fernando Regla , Garzoni Luciana Ribeiro
Published: June 2024

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women worldwide. Therapeutic strategies to control tumors and metastasis are still challenging. Three-dimensional (3D) spheroid-type systems more accurately replicate the features of tumors in vivo, working as a better platform for performing therapeutic response analysis. This work aimed to characterize the epithelial–mesenchymal transition and doxorubicin (dox) response in a mammary tumor spheroid (MTS) model. We evaluated the doxorubicin treatment effect on MCF-7 spheroid diameter, cell viability, death, migration and proteins involved in the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Spheroids were also produced from tumors formed from 4T1 and 67NR cell lines. MTSs mimicked avascular tumor characteristics, exhibited adherens junction proteins and independently produced their own extracellular matrix. Our spheroid model supports the 3D culturing of cells isolated from mice mammary tumors. Through the migration assay, we verified a reduction in E-cadherin expression and an increase in vimentin expression as the cells became more distant from spheroids. Dox promoted cytotoxicity in MTSs and inhibited cell migration and the EMT process. These results suggest, for the first time, that this model reproduces aspects of the EMT process and describes the potential of dox in inhibiting the metastatic process, which can be further explored.
Interaction between Vitamins C and E When Scavenging the Superoxide Radical Shown by Hydrodynamic Voltammetry and DFT
Authors: Caruso Francesco , Pedersen Jens Z. , Incerpi Sandra , Belli Stuart , Sakib Raiyan , Rossi Miriam
Published: June 2024

In this study, we examine the cooperative effect between vitamins C and E that mitigates oxidative stress by using experimental and computational methods. We performed superoxide scavenging experiments on each vitamin individually and their combination using rotating ring–disk electrode voltammetry. The results indicate that vitamins E and C together produce more effective scavenging of superoxide as evaluated by a steeper slope in the efficiency graph, −7.2 × 104, compared to that of vitamin E alone, −1.8 × 103, or vitamin C alone, −1.3 × 104. Density Functional Theory calculations agree with our experimental results, and we describe a mechanism for the antioxidant action of individual vitamins E and C, plus the synergistic action when both vitamins interact. This process involves the restoration of vitamin E by vitamin C and includes π-π interactions between superoxide and scavengers. The overall result produces an increase in scavenging superoxide radicals when both vitamins act together.
Competitive Distribution of Public Goods: The Role of Quorum Sensing in the Development of Bacteria Colonies
Authors: Alfinito Eleonora , Beccaria Matteo
Published: June 2024

The production of public goods is a necessary condition for the survival of the species, but it comes at the expense of individual growth. In a prototype bacterial colony, we model the role of quorum sensing as a resource redistribution mechanism. Two types of bacterial colonies are analyzed, one made up of a single strain and one made up of two different strains. Based on a recent series of experimental data present in the literature, we analyze two types of strains with different extinction times: strains that consume available resources very quickly, therefore becoming extinct quickly, and strains that consume resources slowly and die due to aging. We show that the proposed quorum sensing model describes the main experimental result that coexistence may favor the survival of both strains. Furthermore, the production of public goods is maximized when both types of individuals have the maximum proliferation output. Finally, we highlight the role played by so-called dormant cells in the duration of survival time. These cells are of particular interest because their ability to counteract different types of stress (e.g., the use of antibiotics) still constitutes a challenge.
Recent Advances in Fluorescent Nanoparticles for Stimulated Emission Depletion Imaging
Authors: Qi Liqing , Liu Songlin , Ping Jiantao , Yao Xingxing , Chen Long , Yang Dawei , Liu Yijun , Wang Chenjing , Xiao Yating , Qi Lubin , Jiang Yifei , Fang Xiaohong
Published: June 2024

Stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy, as a popular super-resolution imaging technique, has been widely used in bio-structure analysis and resolving the dynamics of biological processes beyond the diffraction limit. The performance of STED critically depends on the optical properties of the fluorescent probes. Ideally, the probe should process high brightness and good photostability, and exhibit a sensitive response to the depletion beam. Organic dyes and fluorescent proteins, as the most widely used STED probes, suffer from low brightness and exhibit rapid photobleaching under a high excitation power. Recently, luminescent nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as promising fluorescent probes in biological imaging due to their high brightness and good photostability. STED imaging using various kinds of NPs, including quantum dots, polymer dots, carbon dots, aggregation-induced emission dots, etc., has been demonstrated. This review will comprehensively review recent advances in fluorescent NP-based STED probes, discuss their advantages and pitfalls, and outline the directions for future development.
Development of the Sensory–Motor Dysfunction Questionnaire and Pilot Reliability Testing
Authors: Ambalavanar Ushani , Haavik Heidi , Rotondi Nooshin Khobzi , Murphy Bernadette Ann
Published: June 2024

Both chronic and recurrent spinal pain alter sensorimotor integration (SMI), which is demonstrated using complex neurophysiological techniques. Currently, there is no patient-reported outcome measure that documents and/or assesses SMI in populations with spinal problems. The purpose of this study was to develop the Sensory–Motor Dysfunction Questionnaire (SMD-Q) and assess its test–retest reliability and internal consistency in individuals with recurrent spinal pain. The SMD-Q was developed based on the existing literature on motor control disturbances associated with disordered SMI. The initial SMD-Q drafts underwent review by two separate panels of subject matter experts and a focus group with subclinical spine pain. Their suggestions were incorporated into the questionnaire prior to reliability testing. The questionnaire was administered twice at a seven-day interval using QualtricsTM. A total of 20 participants (14 females and 6 males; 20.95 ± 2.46 years of age) completed the study. Quadratic weighted kappa (Kw) was used to assess test–retest reliability and Cronbach’s alpha (α) was used to assess internal consistency. Four items had a Kw < 0.40, seven had a 0.40 < Kw < 0.75, and one had a Kw > 0.75 (excellent agreement), with excellent internal consistency (α > 0.90). The pilot SMD-Q appears to reliably measure altered SMI, suggesting that revisions and testing with a larger sample are worth pursuing.
Exploring Inner Ear and Brain Connectivity through Perilymph Sampling for Early Detection of Neurological Diseases: A Provocative Proposal
Authors: Di Stadio Arianna , Ralli Massimo , Kaski Diego , Koohi Nehzat , Gioacchini Federico Maria , Kysar Jeffrey W. , Lalwani Anil K. , Warnecke Athanasia , Bernitsas Evanthia
Published: June 2024

Recent evidence shows that it is possible to identify the elements responsible for sensorineural hearing loss, such as pro-inflammatory cytokines and macrophages, by performing perilymph sampling. However, current studies have only focused on the diagnosis of such as otologic conditions. Hearing loss is a feature of certain neuroinflammatory disorders such as multiple sclerosis, and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is widely detected in Alzheimer’s disease. Although the environment of the inner ear is highly regulated, there are several communication pathways between the perilymph of the inner ear and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Thus, examination of the perilymph may help understand the mechanism behind the hearing loss observed in certain neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we review the constituents of CSF and perilymph, the anatomy of the inner ear and its connection with the brain. Then, we discuss the relevance of perilymph sampling in neurology. Currently, perilymph sampling is only performed during surgical procedures, but we hypothesize a simplified and low-invasive technique that could allow sampling in a clinical setting with the same ease as performing an intratympanic injection under direct visual check. The use of this modified technique could allow for perilymph sampling in people with hearing loss and neuroinflammatory/neurodegenerative disorders and clarify the relationship between these conditions; in fact, by measuring the concentration of neuroinflammatory and/or neurodegenerative biomarkers and those typically expressed in the inner ear in aging SNHL, it could be possible to understand if SNHL is caused by aging or neuroinflammation.
“What about Military Decision-Making?”: A Bibliometric Review of Published Articles
Authors: D’Alessio Ivan , Aitella Umberto , Giannini Anna Maria , Burrai Jessica
Published: June 2024

Decision-making processes in the military domain constitute a strategic field of research in cognitive psychology, although there are currently few scientific publications addressing the topic. Professionals in the field and interested parties need access to data on military decision-making processes to understand where and how the scientific community is directing its investigations on the issue. Military decision-making is a strategic field of study because the military is crucial to the security and defense of a country or community. This work aims to be a point of reference for those involved in various capacities in military decision-making, providing key data regarding research trends over the years, the geographical distribution of scientific productivity, methodologies employed, annual statistics, and the prevalence of the most-investigated terms and topics. Therefore, this study serves as a bibliometric analysis of the literature on military decision-making publihed from 1992 to 2023 on the Scopus and Web of Science databases.
Exploring the Relationship between Maternal Gatekeeping with Paternal Parenting and Adolescent Aggression
Authors: Wang Huaiyu , Xu Peijing , Jiang Yali
Published: June 2024

Based on the traditional Chinese cultural belief of “male breadwinner, female homemaker”, as well as the systemic and interactive characteristics of families, this study aims to explore the relationship between maternal gatekeeping behavior and the quality and quantity of paternal parenting, as well as adolescent aggressive behavior. A total of 483 seventh-grade students completed questionnaires on maternal gatekeeping behavior, paternal involvement, parenting styles, and aggressive behavior. Latent profile analysis identified four parenting combinations: positive, negative, mixed, and neglectful. Adolescents under negative parenting exhibited the highest aggression and experienced the highest maternal gatekeeping behavior, while those under positive and neglectful parenting showed the least aggression and least maternal gatekeeping behavior. Maternal gatekeeping behavior correlated with paternal negative parenting and adolescent aggression. Paternal negative parenting mediated the relationship between maternal gatekeeping and aggression, while paternal involvement moderated this relationship. These findings highlight the role of parental interaction in adolescent behavior and support family-based interventions.
Classification and Prediction of Rock Mass Boreability Based on Daily Advancement during TBM Tunneling
Authors: Li Zhiqiang , Tao Yufan , Du Yuchao , Wang Xinjie
Published: June 2024

The rock classification system was initially applied to drill-and-blast tunnels and subsequently adapted for TBM tunnels; however, the majority of these systems primarily focused on rock stability while neglecting considerations of boreability. Compared with conventional tunnels, TBM tunnels are characterized by their rapid tunneling speed and excellent self-stabilization of the rock mass. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a novel rock mass classification system that considers both the tunneling efficiency of TBMs and the required support measures for tunnel construction. This paper introduces a novel rock classification system for TBM tunnels that accurately predicts the construction rate by evaluating the penetration rate and daily utilization, enabling a more precise assessment of daily advancement in tunneling. Firstly, the penetration rate and construction utilization in different rock strata are analyzed based on comprehensive statistics of existing construction data. Consequently, a discriminant matrix for classifying the boreability of rock is derived. Subsequently, employing the Ensemble Classifier method, a regression prediction model for rock boreability classification is established by incorporating input parameters such as thrust, torque, rotational speed, field penetration index, and the uniaxial compressive strength of rock. The validity of the proposed model is verified by comparing predicted machine performance with actual data sets. The proposed method presents a novel approach for predicting the performance of TBM construction.
Effect of Smart Construction Technology Characteristics on the Safety Performance of Construction Projects: An Empirical Analysis Based on Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Liu Hongjie , Li Shuyuan , Wen Haizhen
Published: June 2024

The application of smart construction technologies is becoming a crucial approach to improving safety performance in the construction industry. Existing research often focuses on the qualitative analysis of specific technologies, neglecting a comprehensive empirical examination of the characteristics of smart construction technologies and their impact on project safety performance. This study identifies five principal characteristics of smart construction technology: integration, automation, initiative, shareability, and sustainability. By integrating the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the task–technology fit (TTF) model, we propose a theoretical path of “technology characteristics–perceived behavior–behavioral intention–safety performance” and develop a structural equation model to assess the effect of these characteristics on safety performance. The results indicate that these characteristics have a significant direct impact on safety performance, with the estimated direct effect reaching as high as 0.61. Additionally, these characteristics positively influence safety performance indirectly through mediating variables such as perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, usage intention, and usage behavior. This study empirically verifies the pathways through which smart construction technology characteristics affect safety performance, providing theoretical support for the widespread application of these technologies in construction engineering and enhancing safety management.
Predicting the Health Behavior of Older Adults in Western Hunan Villages Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Tang Chengjun , He Shaoyao , Qiu Tian , He Chuan , Xu Jianhe , Tang Wenjun , Li Yiling
Published: June 2024

We extracted the spatial characteristics of the health-related behaviors of 1223 older adults of Tujia, Yao, Miao and Dong ethnicity living in 20 villages in western Hunan, considering three dimensions: spontaneously healthy, health-necessary, and mentally healthy behavior. We constructed separate prediction models using logistic regression, support vector machine, categorical boosting, random decision forest, light gradient boosting machine, and extreme gradient boosting. We then combined these models with Shapley additive explanations to complete a global explanatory analysis to explore the correlation between location and the health behaviors of older adults of different ethnicities living in villages. The support vector model and gradient boosting tree models produced the most accurate simulations of the health behaviors of older adults. We found significant differences in the health behaviors of the older adults in the different villages, noting the preferences of the older adults of specific ethnicities. This study provides a reference for the excavation of the health behavior of older adults and the aging design of village spaces.
The Synergy of Community, Government, and Circular Economy in Shaping Social Housing Policies
Authors: Gomide Fernanda Paes de Barros , Bragança Luís , Casagrande Junior Eloy Fassi
Published: June 2024

Despite state efforts to enhance affordability, access to adequate housing, deemed a fundamental human right, remains a global challenge. Projections indicate a looming housing deficit affecting 1.6 billion people by 2025, necessitating an integrated approach aligning environmental preservation with housing development. Circular Economy (CE) principles are identified as instrumental in advancing sustainable Social Housing Policies (SHPs). A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) placed best practice documents establishing a positive correlation between CE principles and increased social housing supply. The circularly built environment is recognised for reducing waste, carbon emissions, and resource depletion. However, this research proposes a nuanced perspective, asserting that integrating CE principles addresses housing needs and fosters environmental sustainability, job creation, and economic growth. Crucially, community, government, and the circular economy emerge as pivotal actors in overcoming challenges inherent in SHPs. This study contributes significantly to the discourse on housing policies and sustainability, advocating for an inclusive and environmentally conscious approach to the global housing deficit.
The Relationship between Different Proofs of Load-Bearing Capacity, Fire Resistance of the Cross-Section and the Price of Solid Softwood
Authors: Zovkić Jurko , Dolaček-Alduk Zlata
Published: June 2024

The impact of ultimate limit state checks on the fire resistance of the cross-section (element) of softwood structural timber is analyzed in this study, which was found to depend on the cross-sectional area, strength class or material quality expressed through the actual price. The limit state method and the reduced cross-section method were used to obtain numerical results. The established practice suggests that, if the ultimate limit state is satisfied, the softwood structural timber will meet fire resistance according to the load-bearing criterion of 30 min (R30). This study shows that this is not entirely correct and is not always applicable. The main results of this study are precisely related to the above, and it will now be possible to provide much more precise answers to questions related to fire resistance according to the load-bearing criterion. Certainly, the price, which plays a significant role in achieving a certain or required fire resistance, should not be overlooked. This study provides the possibility of optimizing the choice of the cross-sectional area, fire resistance and price, depending on the state of stress to which the cross-section (element) is exposed.
Cost Forecasting for Building Rebar under Uncertainty Conditions: Methodology and Practice
Authors: Dai Xiaomin , Gao Peng , Ma Shengqiang
Published: June 2024

As large-scale infrastructure construction projects conclude, the overall civil construction market shrinks, leading to increased competition among construction companies. Accordingly, various construction companies are gradually emphasizing the issue of project costs. Numerous studies have shown the impact of material costs on the overall project cost. However, sharp fluctuations in material prices have been observed in recent years due to various unstable factors in the market. Thus, accurate prediction of material prices facilitates the development of appropriate material procurement strategies to deal with market risks. This paper collects the rebar prices announced in the first half of 2023 in China’s Guangdong Province, selects one type of rebar price as a representative, and analyzes the time series characteristics of the rebar price composition. Then, it judges whether the time series passes the white noise detection, grey correlation detection, and level ratio detection. The prediction model is established based on the seasonal auto-regressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model and the grey model (GM) (1.1) to predict future rebar prices. According to the characteristics of the rebar price data in June 2023, the residual inverse method combines the results predicted by the two models. The price in the early and middle of July 2023 is then predicted using the newly constructed combined model. The results indicate that the combined model is more accurate than the single prediction model.
Investigation into the Characteristics of Expansion and Compression Deformation of Interbedded Weak Expansive Rocks in Water Immersion
Authors: Wang Yaning , Li Yuchen , Qin Haoyu , Zhu Yangui , Yao Yibo , Jin Jin , Zheng Tao , Qian Qingting , Chen De
Published: June 2024

In order to investigate the deformation characteristics of interbedded weak expansive rocks in water immersion, the sandstone–mudstone interbedded structures were taken as the object of this study. A total of 27 sets of indoor immersion tests were designed with three influencing factors, namely, the layer thickness ratios of sandstone and mudstone (1:1, 2:1, 3:1), the occurrence of the rock layers (flat, oblique, and vertical), and the overburden loadings (0 kPa, 12.5 kPa, and 25 kPa). Tests were conducted to obtain the deformation time series data of the samples during the immersion loading process. Based on this, the influence pattern of each influencing factor on the sample deformation was analyzed individually. The results show that with the increase in overburden loading and rock inclination angle, the sample develops from expansion deformation to compression deformation. Changes in the layer thickness ratio will not change the deformation trend of the sample, and the decrease in the relative mudstone content will only reduce the absolute value of the sample’s expansion and compression deformation. The deformation stability rate of the sample under load is 5~7 times that under no load. The increase in layer thickness ratio and rock inclination angle will lead to different degrees of attenuation of sample expansion force in the range of 8.91~38.68% and 51.00~58.83%, respectively. The research results of this paper can provide a meaningful reference for the design and maintenance of a high-speed railway subgrade in a weak expansive rock area with an interbedded structure.
The In-Plane Seismic Response of Infilled Reinforced Concrete Frames Using a Strut Modelling Approach: Validation and Applications
Authors: Messaoudi Abdelghaffar , Chebili Rachid , Mohamed Hossameldeen , Furtado André , Rodrigues Hugo
Published: June 2024

Reinforced Concrete (RC) buildings often rely on masonry walls to increase their rigidity and strength, distinguishing them from bare frames. Consequently, the lateral capacity of the RC frames is significantly impacted by the presence or absence of these walls. Numerical models are fundamental to understanding this behavior interaction, but the development of robust simplified models is still scarce. Based on this motivation, the reliability of a simplified numerical modelling approach was examined in this study and compared to several experimental tests. An optimized approach was implemented to determine the strut parameters, rather than relying on existing empirical formulae. The reliability of the initial stiffness, maximum strength, and energy dissipation was studied. From the results, the accuracy of the considered modelling strategy can be observed in different types of masonry elements (strong and weak units) with and without openings. The validated simulation approach reveals that the adopted macro-modelling procedure can accurately represent the behavior of infilled masonry frames. The maximum deviation of the prediction of the initial stiffness and maximum strength was found to be around 23% and 14%, respectively. These findings illustrate that the strut model effectively replicates real behavior with a satisfactory level of accuracy. However, using a consistent formula to define the strut can result in significant errors, particularly in strut width.
Experimental Study on the Effect of Cyclic Heating and Water Cooling on Mixed-Mode I-II Fracture Characteristics of Sandstone
Authors: Zhang Wenyu , Hua Wen , Zhou Mao , He Fengfei , Xu Yaozhong , Wang Yunru , Dong Shiming , Kuang Jialin
Published: June 2024

In the process of underground resource extraction, deep rock masses are often subjected to cyclic-heating and water-cooling effects, which cause significant damage to the mechanical properties of rocks. In order to study the degradation mechanism of sandstone under cyclic heating and water cooling, many fracture experiments have been carried out. The effect of cyclic heating and water cooling at 200 °C on the tensile strength and the mixed-mode I-II fracture toughness of sandstone was investigated. The similarities and differences in the rock fracture characteristics and deterioration response of tensile properties are also examined. Meanwhile, the correlation between the microstructure and macroscopic fracture mechanical properties was revealed by observing the evolutionary pattern of rock microstructure. The findings demonstrate that the heating and water-cooling-induced variations in the tensile strength and fracture toughness of rock exhibit a consistent trend. The effective fracture toughness of sandstone decreases exponentially with increasing cycle times. The impact of the heating and water-cooling cycles on the fracture toughness of pure mode I is found to be more pronounced compared to that observed in mixed modes and pure mode II specimens. The failure mode of the rock sample undergoes a transition from abrupt to gradual, accompanied by an augmented development of cracks on the failure surface and finer fragmentation of rock debris. The results of this study can provide theoretical references for engineering practices such as the exploitation of geothermal resources and hydraulic fracturing.
Association between Gastric Cancer and Osteoporosis: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study Using a National Health Sample Cohort
Authors: Han Kyeong Min , Kwon Mi Jung , Kim Joo-Hee , Kim Ji Hee , Bang Woo Jin , Choi Hyo Geun , Yoo Dae Myoung , Lee Na-Eun , Kim Nan Young , Kang Ho Suk
Published: June 2024

Gastric cancer (GC) survivors may be more likely to develop osteoporosis. However, few studies on the relationship between GC and osteoporosis have been conducted on large patient populations. We aimed to determine the incidence of osteoporosis and identify related factors by comparing patients with GC and matched controls using the Korean National Health Insurance Service—National Sample Cohort (KNHIS-NSC). This study included 9078 patients with GC and 36,312 controls (1:4 propensity score-matched for sex, age, residence, and income). The hazard ratio (HR) for osteoporosis was significantly greater for GC patients than for controls according to Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score-adjusted models (adjusted HR = 1.13). Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that the cumulative incidence of osteoporosis during the follow-up period commencing from the index date was significantly greater in GC patients than in the controls (p = 0.0087). A positive correlation of osteoporosis with GC was detected for those aged < 65 years, males, and those with CCI scores = 0. In conclusion, the study findings suggest that men with GC aged < 65 years may be at an increased risk for osteoporosis. Research into additional risk factors and the optimal timing of interventions are needed to prevent fractures and minimize bone loss in GC survivors.
Correction: Wieder, R.; Adam, N. Racial Disparities in Breast Cancer Treatments and Adverse Events in the SEER-Medicare Data. Cancers 2023, 15, 4333
Authors: Wieder Robert , Adam Nabil
Published: June 2024

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