bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is percutaneous image-guided renal tumour ablation ready for prime time?
Authors: Cazzato Roberto Luigi , Garnon Julien , De Marini Pierre , Auloge Pierre , Koch Guillaume , Dalili Danoob , Buy Xavier , Palussiere Jean , Rao Pramod Prabhakar , Tricard Thibault , Lang Hervé , Gangi Afshin
Published: June 2020

In the last few decades, thermal ablation (TA) techniques have been increasingly applied to treat small localised renal cell carcinomas. Despite this trend, there is still an underuse of TA compared to surgery and a substantial lack of high-quality evidence derived from large, prospective, randomised controlled trials comparing the long-term oncologic outcomes of TA and surgery. Therefore, in this narrative review, we assess published guidelines and recent literature concerning the diagnosis and management of kidney-confined renal cell carcinoma to understand whether percutaneous image-guided TA is ready to be proposed as a first-line treatment.
The Study of Social Ideas About the Need to Prevent Dangerous (Aggressive) Driving
Authors: Zubrickaya O.
Published: June 2020

Issues related to the prevention of road traffic accidents, including its socio-psychological aspects, have been relevant for several decades, not only at the state, but also at the international level. However, despite the existing developments on this topic, both theoretical and methodological and practical problems have not been fully identified, which ultimately will determine the socio-psychological conditions that can successfully prevent traffic accidents. Actual today is the problem of preventing dangerous (aggressive) in driving. The object of the study was the socio-psychological prevention of traffic accidents and dangerous (aggressive) driving of vehicles. The subject of the study is the socio-psychological conditions for the prevention of road traffic accidents and the dangerous (aggressive) driving of vehicles. The aim of the article is to study social ideas about the need to prevent dangerous (aggressive) vehicle driving among citizens and employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation. The respondents to this socio-psychological study were employees of the State traffic inspectorate, as well as citizens, including professional drivers, drivers of personal vehicles and citizens who do not have a driver’s license. The total sample of the study was 105 respondents. The respondents' answers show an insufficient level of organization of both the propaganda activities of the State traffic inspectorate and the prevention of road accidents.
Performance of Multihospital Health Systems' Flagship Hospitals in the CMS Star Rating Program
Authors: Hu Jianhui , Nerenz David R
Published: June 2020

Using the Hospital Compare overall hospital quality star ratings and other publicly available data on acute care hospitals, we examined star ratings for the flagship hospitals of a set of multihospital health systems in the United States. We compared star ratings and hospital characteristics of flagship and nonflagship hospitals across and within 113 health systems. The system flagship hospitals had significantly lower star ratings than did nonflagship hospitals, and they did not generally have the highest star ratings in their own systems. Higher teaching intensity, larger bed size, higher uncompensated care, and higher disproportionate share hospital (DSH) patient percentage were all significantly associated with lower star ratings of flagship hospitals when compared with nonflagship hospitals across all health systems; the flagship hospital of a system was more likely to have the lowest star rating in its system if the difference in DSH percentage was relatively large between the flagship and nonflagship hospitals in that system.
Closing the Gap for Makespan Scheduling via Sparsification Techniques
Authors: Jansen Klaus , Klein Kim-Manuel , Verschae José
Published: June 2020

Makespan scheduling on identical machines is one of the most basic and fundamental packing problems studied in the discrete optimization literature. It asks for an assignment of n jobs to a set of m identical machines that minimizes the makespan. The problem is strongly NP-hard, and thus we do not expect a ([Formula: see text])-approximation algorithm with a running time that depends polynomially on [Formula: see text]. It has been recently shown that a subexponential running time on [Formula: see text] would imply that the Exponential Time Hypothesis (ETH) fails. A long sequence of algorithms have been developed that try to obtain low dependencies on [Formula: see text], the better of which achieves a quadratic running time on the exponent. In this paper we obtain an algorithm with an almost-linear dependency on [Formula: see text] in the exponent, which is tight under ETH up to logarithmic factors. Our main technical contribution is a new structural result on the configuration-IP integer linear program. More precisely, we show the existence of a highly symmetric and sparse optimal solution, in which all but a constant number of machines are assigned a configuration with small support. This structure can then be exploited by integer programming techniques and enumeration. We believe that our structural result is of independent interest and should find applications to other settings. We exemplify this by applying our structural results to the minimum makespan problem on related machines and to a larger class of objective functions on parallel machines. For all these cases, we obtain an efficient PTAS with running time with an almost-linear dependency on [Formula: see text] and polynomial in n.
Why Is Maximum Clique Often Easy in Practice?
Authors: Walteros Jose L. , Buchanan Austin
Published: June 2020

Jose L. Walteros and Austin Buchanan
The limits to the internationalisation of regulation: divergent enforcement strategies in China’s food safety regulation
Authors: Chu May
Published: June 2020

This article empirically analyses enforcement strategies that characterise food safety regulations in China. It demonstrates that the Chinese government has deployed a dichotomous approach, resulting in very different regulations in its domestic and export food markets. The export food sector exhibits strong deterrent measures whereas regulation of domestic food markets is reactive and relies on persuasive approaches to enforcement. These variations between the two sectors result from a combination of the internationalisation of regulatory practice in the case of exports and resource constraints, a lack of institutional capacity and resistance to regulation from intertwined business and government interests when it comes to domestic food markets. This article addresses a gap in existing theories of regulation by showing how an industrialising economy with an authoritarian regime employs an accommodative and pragmatic approach to regulation that balances international pressure and national interests and produces contrasting approaches in different sectors.
Tracking the development of children from foetal age: an introduction to Cohort ’18 Growing Up in Hungary
Authors: Veroszta Zsuzsanna , Kopcsó Krisztina , Boros Julianna , Kapitány Balázs , Szabó Laura , Spéder Zsolt
Published: June 2020

Cohort ’18 Growing Up in Hungary is a longitudinal birth cohort study run by the Hungarian Demographic Research Institute that will follow the lives of more than 8,000 children from before birth. The purpose of this countrywide representative study is to provide an overview of child development in Hungary and the factors influencing it. The main areas of data collection comprise demographics, social background, health and development. The observation began in 2018, among pregnant women in the 28th to 31st week of pregnancy. Within the first financially covered period of the research programme, this prenatal wave is followed by four further data collection waves: when the child is 6 months, 18 months, 27–30 months and 3 years old. During each of the waves, mothers, as primary caregivers, are interviewed either face to face or by telephone. There is also a computer-assisted telephone interview with the father, when the child is 18 months old. The primary data collection is supplemented by the integration of data from administrative systems. So far, two waves of Cohort ’18 have taken place (prenatal and six-month). The first resulted in a database of 8,287 pregnant women (8,409 foetuses). Following the next waves (which will cover children up to the age of three years), plans are in hand for further financial periods of the research programme – right up until the children are grown up. This study profile introduces readers to Cohort ’18 by providing a brief overview of its origins, objectives, design and potential.
How do live-in domestic workers differ from live-out domestic workers? An analysis of demographics and work characteristics
Authors: Arcand Carolyn
Published: June 2020

This study uses nationally representative data to examine differences in income, usual hours worked and other selected characteristics between live-in and live-out domestic employees, focusing on maids/housekeepers, childcare workers and personal care aides. American Community Survey data of n = 8,620 domestic workers are used for the five-year period spanning 2012–16. Regression modelling reveals that live-in employees work significantly more weekly hours than live-out employees while concurrently earning lower annual incomes. This study largely confirms the findings of multiple prior qualitative studies of the differences between live-in and live-out domestic work, with the benefit of drawing from a uniquely large sample.
Design of freeforms to uniformly illuminate polygonal targets from extended sources via edge ray mapping
Authors: Birch Daniel A. , Brand Matt
Published: June 2020

In this article, we consider the design of a compact freeform optical surface that uniformly irradiates an arbitrary convex polygonal region from an extended light source, while controlling spill. This problem has attracted a large body of literature that has primarily covered highly symmetric special cases or cases where the solution is approximated by a zero-étendue design based on a point source. Practical versions of this illumination design problem will likely feature large asymmetric light-emitting diodes, compact lenses, and irregular targets on angled projection surfaces. For these settings, we develop a solution method based on an edge ray mapping that routes maximally off-axis rays from the edges of the source through the edge of the optic to the edges of the target polygon. This determines the sag and normals along the boundary of the freeform surface. A “spill-free” surface is then interpolated from the boundary information and optimized to uniformize the irradiance, while preserving the polygonal boundary. Highly uniform irradiances (relative standard deviation

<

.01

) can be attained with good control of spill, even when the exit surface is less than three source diameters from the embedded source.
Mitigation of truncation effects in elongated Shack–Hartmann laser guide star wavefront sensor images
Authors: Clare Richard M. , Weddell Stephen J. , Le Louarn Miska
Published: June 2020

Laser guide star Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor images on extremely large telescopes (ELT) will be significantly elongated due to the off-axis projection of the laser relative to the subapertures. The finite number of pixels of the wavefront sensor detector means the most elongated images will be truncated, introducing errors in the centroid measurements. In this paper, we propose appending to the truncated wavefront sensor image the most likely missing tails from a high-resolution nontruncated reference image, which can be calculated from all of the low-resolution images. We show, via numerical simulation, that we can improve the centroid estimate for the most elongated subapertures on an ELT in the presence of read and photon noise.
Solar eclipse skies and limb reddening
Authors: Gedzelman Stanley David
Published: June 2020

During solar eclipses the sunlit tops of cloud layers and arctic sea ice near the umbra appear salmon–brown when viewed from airplanes or satellites. Under these conditions, the clouds and atmosphere are illuminated by light restricted to the solar limb, which has effective radiating temperatures as low as 4000 K. The resulting limb reddening largely accounts for the color. A second-order scattering model is used to simulate the color of photographs of cloud tops taken from a flight during the 21 August 2017 eclipse and MODIS Aqua and Terra satellite “true color” images during the 2 July 2019 eclipse. These observed color changes provide data that has potential value in determining the vertical temperature profile of the solar photosphere.
Dynamics of optical rogue wave generation in dispersion oscillating fibers
Authors: He Yang , Wang Shaofei , Yang Ao , Zeng Xianglong
Published: June 2020

We present an in-depth investigation of optical rogue waves (ORWs) during picosecond supercontinuum generations in photonic crystal fibers with periodic landscapes of group velocity dispersion and nonlinearity, namely dispersion oscillating fibers (DOFs). Specifically, it is shown via ensembles of numerical simulations that during supercontinuum generations, the rogue nature of extreme and rare events formed in uniform fibers can be effectively manipulated in DOFs. This is also verified by comparing single evolution dynamics in different dispersion longitudinal profiles. For investigating the influence of slow dynamics of ORW generation in DOFs, we increase the propagating distance and find out MI gain is still the major factor that influences the generation of ORWs. In addition, analytical results associated with simulations indicate the rogue manipulations in DOFs are attributed to the adjustable modulation-instability-gain due to periodic dispersion variation along fiber length. Finally, unlike MI in uniform fiber, MI gain side lobes result from quasi-phase-matching (QPM) relation in DOFs provide additional degree of freedom to control generations of ORWs. We believe our results will provide not only a novel insight of understanding ORW dynamics in presence of dispersion modulations, but also a new way of harnessing rogue waves in oceanology.
Theoretical analysis on spatially structured beam induced mass transport in azo-polymer films
Authors: Ferrer-Garcia Manuel F. , Alvandi Yousef , Zhang Yingwen , Karimi Ebrahim
Published: June 2020

The radiation force from paraxial beams possessing helical phase fronts causes twists on the surface of an azobenzene polymer sample, and leads to the formation of micro-scale structures. Here, we theoretically investigate the radiation force generated by spatially structured optical beams on a dispersive-absorptive substrate. We derive an analytical expression for the radiation force from spatially structured polarized beams, including, lemon, star, monstar and vector vortex beams in the paraxial regime. Finally, we extend our calculation for non-paraxial beams - optical beams under the tight-focusing regime - and simulate the transverse radiation forces numerically at the focal plane.
Random phase-shifting digital holography based on a self-calibrated system
Authors: Xia Peng , Wang Qinghua , Ri Shien
Published: June 2020

Random phase-shifting digital holography based on a self-calibrated system is proposed. In the proposed method, the hologram and the calibration interference fringes can be recorded simultaneously in a single image based on the space-division-multiplexing technique. Three randomly phase-shifted holograms and corresponding interference fringes are recorded, and the phase-shifting amount between each two adjacent holograms is calculated by the sampling Moiré method from the calibration interference fringes. A reflective object is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in the numerical and experiment.
Period-reversal accelerating self-imaging and multi-beams interference based on accelerating beams in parabolic optical potentials
Authors: Zhan Kaiyun , Zhang Wenqian , Jiao Ruiyun , Liu Bing
Published: June 2020

Linear dynamics of an accelerating wave packet, which is produced by adding shifted copies of the fundamental Airy beam, due to parabolic optical potentials are investigated. A new type of self-imaging phenomenon, referred to as period-reversal accelerating self-imaging, is demonstrated theoretically and numerically. Unlike ordinary Talbot effects, where optical field pattern reappears at constant intervals and follows a straight line, here, the field pattern of this new self-imaging effect propagating along a periodic oscillating trajectory, can self-reproduces itself at nonconstant intervals, and begins to invert after the phase transition points, where the superposition of fundamental Airy beams forms multi-beams interference fringes. A completely spatially reversal replica of the initial field distribution is observed at odd multiplies of the period halves. Moreover, the properties of the multi-beams interference fringes are discussed in detail and can be used for the measurement of the system parameter. The above results can be generalized in the case of two transverse dimensions, where it can be treated as a product of two independent one-dimensional cases. The theoretical calculations and numerical simulations verify each other completely.
Forgery attack on optical encryption based on computational ghost imaging
Authors: Yuan Sheng , Wang Lanjie , Liu Xuemei , Zhou Xin
Published: June 2020

Attack techniques on a cryptosystem include not only cryptanalysis, but also forgery and modification of messages, deception and confusion on both sender and receiver sides, and so on. In this Letter, we show that an optical encryption system based on computational ghost imaging (CGI) has security vulnerability owing to its high tolerance for error deviation of ciphertext. It leaves a chance for a forgery attack in which attackers can forge a set of fake keys according to the intercepted ciphertext. If the forged key can be transmitted to the receiver by some disguised means, he/she may be cheated or confused by the retrieved fake images. The discovery of this vulnerability may also help upgrade the CGI-based encryption system.
Generation of 1  µJ and 40  fs pulses from a large mode area gain-managed nonlinear amplifier
Authors: Sidorenko Pavel , Wise Frank
Published: June 2020

We demonstrate numerically and experimentally a gain-managed nonlinear amplifier with a large mode area fiber. The amplifier delivers 1.2 µJ and sub-40 fs pulses with the spectrum spanning from

∼

1000

to

∼

1180

n
m

. We show that longitudinal gain-loss evolution plays an essential role in pulse formation by comparing simulations with different gain models to the experimental results.
Single-shot d-scan technique for ultrashort laser pulse characterization using transverse second-harmonic generation in random nonlinear crystals
Authors: Salgado-Remacha F. J. , Alonso B. , Crespo H. , Cojocaru C. , Trull J. , Romero R. , López-Ripa M. , Guerreiro P. T. , Silva F. , Miranda M. , L’Huillier A. , Arnold C. L. , Sola Í. J.
Published: June 2020

We demonstrate a novel dispersion-scan (d-scan) scheme for single-shot
temporal characterization of ultrashort laser pulses. The novelty of
this method relies on the use of a highly dispersive crystal featuring
antiparallel nonlinear domains with a random distribution and size.
This crystal, capable of generating a transverse second-harmonic
signal, acts simultaneously as the dispersive element and the
nonlinear medium of the d-scan device. The resulting in-line
architecture makes the technique very simple and robust, allowing the
acquisition of single-shot d-scan traces in real time. The retrieved
pulses are in very good agreement with independent frequency-resolved
optical grating measurements. We also apply the new single-shot d-scan
to a terawatt-class laser equipped with a programmable pulse shaper,
obtaining an excellent agreement between the applied and the d-scan
retrieved dispersions.
The dichotomy myth and reason revisited from the perspective of Geoffrey E. R. Lloyd. A critical assessment
Authors: Honorato Diego
Published: June 2020

This article discusses the ideas defended by the well-known classical historian Geoffrey E. R. Lloyd in regard to the dichotomy mythos and logos. We do so in three steps: firstly, we present briefly the differences that Lloyd sees between these two types of speeches; secondly, Lloyd’s case for dismantling any strong form of dichotomy is reviewed; thirdly, we attempt a critical approach to Lloyd’s ideas trying to show that there is a veiled epistemological ambiguity in some of his contentions. The study method use is, as in all humanities, the critical reading and discussion of the primary sources (Lloyd’s work). We conclude that Lloyd’s general approach, insomuch as it urges us to prosecute a via media between naïve form of realisms and strong cultural (etnographic) contextualisms, appears to be a sound strategy, yet ¬from our standpoint, such loable programme is debunked by the specific strategies Lloyd introduces to account for it.
“Agora medirei o tempo / Pelas agulhas no colo de Penélope”: dos motivos clássicos na poesia de Daniel Faria
Authors: Teixeira Gil Clemente
Published: June 2020

Na poesia de Daniel Faria materializam-se, entre outras, influências bíblicas e clássicas que mesmo o leitor desprevenido facilmente deteta. Brevemente estudada por alguns investigadores a importância da Sagrada Escritura na obra deste poeta que pretendia ser monge beneditino, neste artigo propomos uma análise do conjunto de poemas nos quais explicitamente se afirma um conhecimento do imaginário clássico. Procuramos entender, e dar a ver, de que forma se utilizam as referências clássicas na construção de uma poesia que não envelhece, comummente relacionada com o silêncio, a morte, a busca de uma Verdade, o regresso à origem, o amor infinito.
Detection of feline idiopathic cystitis as the cause of feline lower urinary tract disease in Sleman Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Astuty Andi Tri Julyana Eka , Tjahajati Ida , Nugroho Widagdo Sri
Published: June 2020

Background and Aim: Feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) is one of the common cat diseases. The aim of this study was to detect feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC) as a cause of FLUTD in Sleman Regency, which is a problem in the population. Materials and Methods: Seventy-three cats with FLUTD symptoms were used from seven veterinary practices in Sleman Regency. The logging of each cat's medical history, clinical examination, urinalysis, routine blood screening, and ultrasonography was conducted to diagnose the cause of FLUTD. Results: The percentages of diseases causing FLUTD included FIC 21.9%, urolithiasis 57.5%, urinary tract infection (UTI) 16.4%, neoplasia 1.4%, trauma 1.4%, and nervous disorders 1.4%. Conclusion: FIC, one of the causes of FLUTD, is found in cats and has become a problem among the cat population in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Various handling and preventive efforts should be undertaken against the disease.
A report on strategies for motivating and developing the computational thinking for and by women
Authors: Sass Camila Do Amaral , De Luccas Julia Baldi , Ferreira Lara Tenore , Rodriguez Carla Lopes , Goya Denise Hideko , Venero Mirtha Lina Fernández , Rocha Rafaela Vilela da
Published: June 2020

INTRODUCTION : Initiatives to engage girls and women in STEM-related areas have been successfully reported in the literature. However, such initiatives should involve the participation of the local community and address their needs and interests. OBJECTIVE : This article reports a project that aims to apply different strategies to motivate and teach computational thinking for women, led by students of Science and Technology at UFABC. METHOD : The methodology proposes three working branches: research (understanding the factors that discourage girls from the Computer Science course), outreach actions and teaching programming logic for women. RESULTS : Preliminary research revealed a female participation of less than 18% in all subjects of the course and a percentage lower than 15% of female graduates. The teaching actions had a total of 61 graduates. The events held (workshop and seminar) had about 80 participants. CONCLUSION : The actions of research, teaching, extension and dissemination of this project managed to engage more than 200 women and contemplate the interests of the internal and external community to UFABC. As future work, the initiatives will be extended to high schools in the region. The methodology should be consolidated and applied at the institutional level to include other STEM courses at UFABC.
Ten Years of Initiatives to Promote Computational Thinking: A Systematic Mapping of Literature
Authors: Ortiz Júlia S. B. , Pereira Roberto
Published: June 2020

INTRODUCTION: Computational Thinking is a problem solving skill that became well known after Wing's article in 2006. Since then, several researchers have argued this way of thinking can be useful to all people, and much research has been done to promote the development of this skill with different audiences. OBJECTIVE: To discover the state of art of the initiatives carried out in the last decade to promote the development of Computational Thinking, inside and outside Brazil, regardless of the public addressed and the method applied. METHOD: A systematic mapping of the literature was carried out comprising three steps of selection of articles to proceed with data extraction and analysis of results. Three international databases and one national were included to search articles published between 2007 and 2017, in Portuguese and English. From a total of 468 articles, 46 were selected for data extraction and analysis. RESULTS: Mapping allowed us to answer seven research questions, showing, for example, that the USA and Brazil stand out in quantity of research. Additionally, they presented important differences between the duration of the research, target audience(s) and the tools used. We were able to identify that research has grown in number and diversity. Conversely, initiatives in multi and transdisciplinary contexts are still lacking, and little attention is paid to the public in less favored contexts. CONCLUSION: Computational Thinking is a growing topic of research and knowing the initiatives published in these 10 years of research helps in the elaboration of new research, mainly indicating opportunities to be explored. Especially for Brazil, it is necessary to approach students beyond basic education, to explore the transdisciplinary potential of Computational Thinking, and to carry out research of longer duration.
Comportamento e Potencial Empreendedor à luz da Escala de Carland Entrepreneurship Index (CEI), na Ótica de Estudantes Universitários
Authors: Bendor Marta Elisa Morais da Silva , Lenzi Fernando Cesar , Sousa Antônia Marcia Rodrigues
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: analisar a contribuição do ensino de empreendedorismo para o desenvolvimento do potencial empreendedor dos estudantes de Administração de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior. Método: o estudo foi dividido em duas etapas: (1) uma pesquisa descritiva e documental, com abordagem qualitativa; e (2) um estudo quantitativo, por meio de uma survey. O instrumento de coleta de dados utilizado foi proposto por Carland, Carland e Hoy (1992), denominado de Carland Entrepreneurship Index (CEI).Originalidade/Relevância: a pesquisa aprofunda a discussão acerca do potencial empreendedor e do ensino de empreendedorismo, no âmbito da Educação Superior, evidenciando fatores empíricos decisivos para a formação de novos gestores empreendedores.Resultados: os mecanismos metodológicos mostraram a existência de conhecimentos congruentes entre o modelo testado e os conteúdos disseminados em sala de aula, evidenciando, com isso, a contribuição para a formação empreendedora dos estudantes, nos quesitos decrescentes de identificação de potencial empreendedor, tanto para micro quanto para macroempreendedores.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: o estudo contribui com a literatura, ao sinalizar, por meio das proposições empíricas, que a integralização de conteúdos, no processo da formação do estudante, exerce uma função balizadora na construção de comportamentos voltados à educação empreendedora.Contribuições sociais/para a gestão:  os achados em campo foram salutares ao direcionamento da gestão pedagógica e da equipe docente, no que diz respeito à interdisciplinaridade de conteúdos de formação empreendedora, nos núcleos de formação básica, complementar e no conteúdo dos estudos quantitativos e de suas tecnologias, conforme as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do curso de Graduação em Administração.
Table of Contents: Jewish Historical Studies: Transactions of the Jewish Historical Society of England, Volume 51 Issue 1
Authors: Berkowitz Michael
Published: June 2020

Issue information for Jewish Historical Studies: Transactions of the Jewish Historical Society of England, Volume 51 Issue 1.
De ética y estética, un abordaje del lenguaje inclusivo
Authors: Chávez Juan Manuel
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo plantea el lenguaje inclusivo como un horizonte múltiple y flexible, a partir del cual se abordan las representaciones de lo foráneo, la discapacidad y el sexismo. Bajo esta premisa, se vale de una serie de ejemplos discursivos y dos manifestaciones literarias para arribar a una perspectiva en que la comunicación gana en claridad, pertinencia, justicia y empatía.
Sujeitos singulares e coletivos: experiência do projeto de extensão “Aproxima-Ação” em diálogo com Gramsci
Authors: Pires Rocha Andréa
Published: June 2020

Refletimos sobre a concepção de sujeito que aderimos para o desenvolvimento de ações extensionistas a partir da experiência obtida pelo Projeto de Extensão “Aproxima-Ação: Direitos Humanos, Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA) e Protagonismo” sob a luz de um diálogo com Gramsci. Apresentamos algumas confluências com Paulo Freire e outros autores, a partir da abordagem sobre processos de conscientização e empoderamento. Tecemos reflexões acerca de ações de extensão universitária no campo da educação em direitos humanos, problematizando os mecanismos de opressão que se mostram a partir das categorias raça, classe e gênero e a importância do estímulo da construção de consciência crítica, entendendo os sujeitos a partir de duas esferas: singular e coletiva. Defendemos que professores, estudantes e comunidade são igualmente sujeitos capazes de ensinar e aprender. Abordamos as nuances contra hegemônicas possíveis no contexto da universidade, colocando-a como vetor para a busca de mudanças sociais.
Otimização da rota de veículos e seus impactos na logística de distribuição: um estudo de caso em uma distribuidora de produtos de limpeza
Authors: Almeida Matheus das Neves , Santos Neto Belchior Rodrigues dos , Moura Filho Agnelo Matos de , Santos Arnaldo Alves dos
Published: June 2020

Em decorrência de um mercado cada vez mais dinâmico e competitivo, as atividades logísticas ganham destaque como diferencial competitivo em uma organização, exigindo sistemas de distribuição cada vez mais eficientes, posto que os custos de transporte representam a maior parcela dentre os custos logísticos. Nesse contexto, a presente pesquisa visa otimizar a rota de veículos em uma distribuidora de produtos de limpeza localizada. Dessa forma, a metodologia empregada nesse trabalho consiste em um estudo de caso, no qual os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com o gestor e demais colaboradores em conjunto ao acesso as informações do sistema de ERP da organização. Após a obtenção dos dados, estes foram tabulados em planilhas eletrônicas do Microsoft Excel para uma posterior análise por meio de um comparativo entre a rota atual e a otimizada pelo software logístico LOGWARE. Os resultados alcançados indicam que as empresas podem obter benefícios e melhorias significativas na logística de distribuição, que para esse caso específico analisado durante 18 dias promoveu uma redução no deslocamento de 183,5 km, no tempo de atendimento de 6,1 h e ainda, uma economia monetária de aproximadamente 12,34% em seus custos variáveis. Portanto, conclui-se que é de fundamental importância o uso de métodos computacionais no auxílio da elaboração de rota de distribuição em uma empresa, especialmente considerando a importância dos custos de transportes no custo de logístico total.
Melhoria de processo em uma unidade do DETRAN-SP: uma análise segundo os princípios do lean office
Authors: Siqueira Ricardo Milanez de , Silva Ethel Cristina Chiari da
Published: June 2020

A preocupação com a qualidade e eficiência dos serviços atingiu também o ambiente público. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é apresentar o processo de melhoria implantado em uma unidade de trânsito do Departamento Estadual de Trânsito do Estado de São Paulo sob à luz da teoria do lean office. Esse estudo apresenta uma pesquisa exploratória que traz a contextualização do setor público e do lean office, apresentando algumas aplicações de sucesso no ambiente público. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como um estudo de caso de natureza qualitativa, em que os dados foram coletados por meio da análise documental e do sistema de gestão do órgão e da observação direta. Após o levantamento desses dados, foi mapeado o fluxo de valor do processo de emissão do CRLV (Certificado de Registro e Licenciamento de Veículo), pois tal processo é importante nas rotinas de funcionamento desse órgão. Em seguida, detalharam-se as alterações desse procedimento administrativo, além disso, relatou-se a inclusão de tecnologias de suporte. Ao final observou-se como resultados a redução do lead time de 2 dias úteis para no máximo 1 hora. Além disso, essa mudança resultou em uma redução no consumo de aproximadamente 9300 folhas de papel em um ano só nessa unidade em estudo, desse modo colaborando para a questão ambiental. Assim, os conceitos do lean office aplicados nesse ambiente público foram bem sucedidos, podendo servir de modelo para outros órgãos de trânsito do país.
Análise e simulação da gestão da produção de empresa: uma abordagem de dinâmica de sistemas
Authors: Nascimento Bruno Oliveira , Santos Gisele Tessari
Published: June 2020

No âmbito da gestão da produção, devido à sua complexidade e dinamicidade, os gestores e demais tomadores de decisão devem planejar a produção e analisar o processo produtivo de forma efetiva e minuciosa. A fim de auxiliar no processo de tomada de decisão, existem diversas técnicas de modelagem e simulação de processos. Neste trabalho, o objetivo foi modelar e simular a gestão da produção em uma empresa que fabrica produtos ligados à comunicação visual com foco em produção para estoque, por meio da técnica de dinâmica de sistemas. Inicialmente, o modelo foi validado utilizando-se dados históricos e, posteriormente, simularam-se o cenário base e mais três cenários a fim de verificar o comportamento do sistema diante da redução do estoque desejado e do aumento da previsão de vendas. Concluiu-se que a análise e simulação da gestão da produção da empresa por meio da técnica de dinâmica de sistemas é viável e relevante para auxiliar os gestores na definição dos planos de vendas, estoque e produção e na identificação do impacto dos gargalos produtivos no sistema. Concluiu-se, ainda, que a atual capacidade produtiva da empresa analisada atende de forma satisfatória sua atual demanda.
Um estudo sobre a aplicação dos conceitos e elementos da indústria 4.0 na produção de biomedicamentos
Authors: Silva Felipe , Resende David , Amorim Marlene
Published: June 2020

Esse estudo descreve uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre a aplicação dos conceitos e elementos da Indústria 4.0(I4.0) na produção de medicamentos a partir de processos biotecnológicos. O termo "indústria 4.0" trata da quarta revolução industrial atualmente em curso. Um dos seus objetivos é a integração entre o mundo real e virtual através da adoção de Sistemas Ciberfísicos, Internet das Coisas e outros elementos tecnológicos propostos pela I4.0. A revisão sistemática considerou publicações até agosto de 2019, sem restrição de data de início, por ser um assunto relativamente recente. Os resultados mostram numerosos documentos publicados sobre o tema I4.0, porém poucos relacionados à indústria biofarmacêutica. Os principais documentos obtidos através da revisão são discutidos ao longo deste artigo. A maioria das publicações aplicadas ao campo biofarmacêutico ainda se encontra em revistas e jornais especializados, provavelmente por causa da incipiência do assunto. Os anos de publicação dos documentos incluídos neste estudo através da revisão sistemática na literatura reforçam essa incipiência. Todas as publicações foram feitas nos últimos 5 anos. Esse fato sugere oportunidades interessantes para realização e publicação de novas pesquisas sobre o assunto nas bases científicas estabelecidas.
The question of material conservation in vernacular architecture: theory, authenticity and contradictions
Authors: Pérez Gil Javier
Published: June 2020

As a result of the lack of theoretical interest regarding vernacular architecture, there is a contradiction between the traditional way of understanding it and the criteria that are applied for its conservation. This paper approaches this issue through the question of material conservation and its different treatment on the historical and modern vernacular architecture. On the basis of the importance of Theory and authenticity concept, the different types of vernacular architecture are conceptually defined and the criteria or positions that could accordingly lead their material conservation are analysed. From a cultural approach, a more consistent operative with the abovementioned theory is presented, which involves considering the current vernacular architecture and the industrial materials that may be part of it.
Regeneration and conservation model of urban and cultural spaces as a capitalization strategy for unique districts. The case of Italy District, Chile
Authors: Pareti Stefania , García Henche Blanca
Published: June 2020

Urban tourism is transforming cities, which are no longer places to live in because they are becoming landscapes to enjoy. Therefore, it is necessary to build new urban models, where the local, the heritage preservation and the innovative experiences can gain strength. Italy District was selected, in Santiago, Chile, to carry out the study because it has a delimited urban space, peculiar stores and an organizational and management model of the district. Its cultural, commercial and leisure time offer is an adaptation and remodeling of a historic center that, thanks to association and collaborative networks of small entrepreneurs, promote new experiences to visitors. It is concluded that this district has ideal characteristics for the development of cultural tourism, since it links the various interest groups in an urban space, together with the development of a cultural, commercial and service offer under the Italy District brand.
„Gastarbeiter hatten wir gerufen, gekommen sind aber Menschen.“ Historische Netzwerkanalyse zum medialen Diskurs über „Gastarbeiter*innen“ in österreichischen Tageszeitungen 1973
Authors: Pölzl Konrad
Published: June 2020

“We called for Gastarbeiter, but human beings arrived.” Historical network analysis on the media discourse on Gastarbeiter in Austrian newspapers 1973The following seminar paper analyses the media discourses about so-called Gastarbeiter in Austrian newspapers in 1973. As a methodological basis, the historical network analysis is applied, whereby all relevant newspaper article of the “Presse”, “Kurier” and “Arbeiter-Zeitung” will be examined and evaluated. The conclusion that emerges from the analysis is that, starting in September 1973, a media discourse developed in which the whereabouts and reduction of Gastarbeiter were discussed and Gastarbeiter became a political issue for the first time. However, the focus was never on the Gastarbeiter as people and individuals, with problems, fears and a self-determined future, but only on economic and social advantages or disadvantages for “Austrians”.
Dezentrale „Euthanasie“ in der Heil- und Pflegeanstalt Niedernhart. Untersuchung am Beispiel ausgewählter Krankenakten.
Authors: Kirchgatterer Anna Katharina
Published: June 2020

Wild “Euthanasia” in the care and nursing home Niedernhart. An analysis based on medical recordsThis paper deals with medical records from the Upper Austrian care and nursing home Niedernhart. Under the National Socialist regime, especially after “Aktion T4” was discontinued in August 1941, thousands of people were medically treated in this institution and many of them died. In line with the current state of research, this paper does not question that people were intentionally killed by the director of the institution, Dr. Lonauer, and some of his staff, but rather examines whether targeted killing of patients can be proven by scrutinizing medical records. Twelve of these documents are reviewed in detail.
Die Entwicklung des Fremdenverkehrs in der Stadt Kufstein bis 1914. Sommerfrische, Bergsport, Kur und die Anfänge des Wintertourismus
Authors: Braunschmid Tanja Angela
Published: June 2020

The development of tourism in Kufstein until 1914. Summer and health tourism, alpine sports and the beginning of winter tourismThis bachelor thesis shows the economic importance of the touristic sector in Kufstein before the First World War. It examines how technical innovations, organisations and business-minded entrepreneurs developed the upcoming sector of summer tourism in Kufstein. The paper further discusses whether winter tourism already existed in Kufstein and whether this was already of economic importance for the small Tyrolean town.
Improving the Quality of Bio-Oil Produced from Rice Husk Pyrolysis by Extraction of its Phenolic Compounds
Authors: Fardhyanti Dewi Selvia , Chafidz Achmad , Triwibowo Bayu , Prasetiawan Haniif , Cahyani Novia Noor , Andriyani Sinta
Published: June 2020

Rice husk is an agricultural waste which contains 50% cellulose, 25%-30% lignin and 15%-20% silica. It can be used as raw material of bio-oil. Bio-oil is liquid which produced by pyrolysis process. Bio-oil can be produced from the rice husk at 773 and 873 K. The main component of Bio-oil from rice husk pyrolysis at 773 and 873 K is phenolic compounds about 47.98% and 62.65%, respectively. It causes corrosive, low heating value, high acidity, high viscosity and unstable that causing an engine damage. The presence of phenolic compound decreases the quality of bio-oil. Therefore, it needs a process such as liquid-liquid extraction to reduce the phenolic compound using 80% methanol and 80% chloroform as a solvent. The extract and raffinate phase were analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The aim of this research determine the effect of temperature pyrolysis for the characterization of bio-oil, the stirring speed and the temperature of the extraction for the distribution coefficient and the yield of phenolic compound. The results showed that the characterization of bio-oil produced from rice husk pyrolysis at 773 and 873 K are densities 1,040 and 1,042 Kg/m3; viscosities 9.3488 and 9.5007 cSt; acid numbers 46.75 and 52.45 mg KOH/g; pH 2.5 and 3; flash points 426 and 423 K and heating values 3.229 and 3.339 MJ/kg, respectively. The highest distribution coefficient and yield were obtained at 323 K and a stirring speed of 250 rpm. The distribution coefficient of bio-oil produced by pyrolysis at 773 and 873 K is 1.504, and 1.528, respectively. The yields of bio-oil produced by pyrolysis at 773 and 873 K are 58.885%, and 48.429%, respectively.
MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Male osteoporosis: diagnosis and management - should the treatment and the target be the same as for female osteoporosis?
Authors: Porcelli Teresa , Maffezzoni Filippo , Pezzaioli Letizia Chiara , Delbarba Andrea , Cappelli Carlo , Ferlin Alberto
Published: June 2020

Male osteoporosis has been neglected for too long time and there is need for a change. This condition is clearly under-estimated, under-diagnosed and under-treated. The diagnosis is often made late in the natural history of the pathology or even after a fracture event. Guidelines on screening politics do not agree whether and when men should be considered, and clinical trials are far less performed in men with respect to women. Actually, most of our knowledge on male osteoporosis, especially regarding treatment, is extrapolate from the female counterpart. Male osteoporosis is frequently secondary to other conditions and often associated with comorbidities. Therefore, identification of specific causes of male osteoporosis is essential to drive a correct and personalized treatment. Moreover, men have more osteoporosis-related complications and higher mortality rate associated with fractures. Furthermore, not only fewer men receive a correct and timely diagnosis, but also fewer men receive adequate treatment, and adherence to therapy is far less in men than in women. Of note, very few studies assessed the effect of antiosteoporotic treatments in men and most of them considered only bone density as primary endpoint. This review focuses on the areas that are still nebulous in male osteoporosis field, from identification of subjects who need to be evaluated for osteoporosis and screening programs dealing with primary prevention to diagnostic procedures for good estimates of bone quantity and quality and precise calculation of fracture risk and personalized treatment that take into account the pathophysiology of osteoporosis.
GABA requires GLP-1R to exert its pancreatic function during STZ challenge
Authors: Shao Weijuan , Liu Wenjuan , Liang Ping , Song Zhuolun , Israel Odisho , Prud’homme Gerald J , Wang Qinghua , Jin Tianru
Published: June 2020

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) administration attenuates streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rodent models with unclear underlying mechanisms. We found that GABA and Sitagliptin possess additive effect on pancreatic β-cells, which prompted us to ask the existence of common or unique targets of GLP-1 and GABA in pancreatic β-cells. Effect of GABA on expression of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TxNIP) was assessed in the INS-1 832/13 (INS-1) cell line, WT and GLP-1R–/– mouse islets. GABA was also orally administrated in STZ-challenged WT or GLP-1R–/– mice, followed by immunohistochemistry assessment of pancreatic islets. Effect of GABA on Wnt pathway effector β-catenin (β-cat) was examined in INS-1 cells, WT and GLP-1R–/– islets. We found that GABA shares a common feature with GLP-1 on inhibiting TxNIP, while this function was attenuated in GLP-1R–/– islets. In WT mice with STZ challenge, GABA alleviated several ‘diabetic syndromes’, associated with increased β-cell mass. These features were virtually absent in GLP-1R–/– mice. Knockdown TxNIP in INS-1 cells increased GLP-1R, Pdx1, Nkx6.1 and Mafa levels, associated with increased responses to GABA or GLP-1 on stimulating insulin secretion. Cleaved caspase-3 level can be induced by high-glucose, dexamethasone, or STZ in INS-1 cell, while GABA treatment blocked the induction. Finally, GABA treatment increased cellular cAMP level and β-cat S675 phosphorylation in WT but not GLP-1R–/– islets. We, hence, identified TxNIP as a common target of GABA and GLP-1 and suggest that, upon STZ or other stress challenge, the GLP-1R-cAMP-β-cat signaling cascade also mediates beneficial effects of GABA in pancreatic β-cell, involving TxNIP reduction.