bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategies of Protected Area Use by an Ecosystem Engineer
Authors: Madsen Anastasia E. , Minge Christin , Pushpakumara T. V. , Weerathunga U. Sameera , Padmalal U. K. , Weerakoon Devaka K. , de Silva Shermin
Published: May 2022

Protected areas (PAs) are necessary for conserving animal populations amidst human expansion, but may be insufficient for fully accommodating the needs of wide-ranging species. Animals’ use of space and PAs may vary by age, life-history and social considerations. We quantified sightings and behavior of 516 adult Asian elephants from both sexes, over 9 years, to investigate how life history traits and behavior influence PA use at Udawalawe National Park, Sri Lanka. Male PA use, quantified in terms of average between-sightings-interval (BSI), was significantly influenced by the interaction of age class and motivational state (i.e. reproduction vs. foraging). A minority of males (11%) used it exclusively during mate-search, while the remainder used it exclusively for foraging (44%) or both (45%). Females’ average BSI was significantly yet weakly influenced by social ties, indicating that members of social communities do not necessarily disperse together as a unit. Inter-annual variability in sightings among individuals of both sexes indicates that over half of the population are likely non-residential, challenging the dominant fortress-conservation paradigm of wildlife management in many parts of Asia. Our observations underscore that elephant populations in PAs may be more heavily dependent on adjacent landscapes than hitherto acknowledged.
Effects of Full-cycle Exposure to Difenoconazole in Parental Zebrafish on the Liver-gut Axis of F0 and F1 Generations
Authors: Zhu Tao , Wang Hao , Li Dong
Published: May 2022

To explore the effects of long-term exposure to low-dose difenoconazole (DCZ) on lipid metabolism in the liver gut axis, we exposed zebrafish embryos to ambient concentrations of DCZ for 120 days and comprehensively analyzed the metabolic and microbial networks of the F0 and F1 generations using biochemical, metabolomic and metagenomics approaches. The changes of biochemical indexes indicated that DCZ exposure inhibited lipid synthesis, lipolysis and lipid transport of F0 males and females. In addition, the composition of gut microbes in males and females was significantly changed, which corresponds to changes in biochemical parameters in liver, intestine and serum. Metabolome analysis showed that pathways related to amino acid metabolism, ATP-binding cassette transporters, carbohydrate metabolism, and energy metabolism were downregulated in the gut of males and females. At 120 days post-fertilization, lipid synthesis, lipolysis and lipid transport of F1 males was upregulated; the composition of microbiota and metabolome of the F1males gut was significantly altered. Overall, we found that long-term exposure to low doses of DCZ inhibited the liver-gut axis in males and females, and the liver-gut axis in F1 males were disturbed even in F1 generation without DCZ exposure.
Cox Proportional Hazards Regression for Interval Censored data with an Application to College Entrance and Parental Job Loss
Authors: Kim Hee Jin , Kim SungHun , Lee Eunjee
Published: May 2022

This paper conducted a survival analysis by fitting a Cox proportional hazards model to the Korea Labor panel data in order to analyze the effect of parental job loss on children’s admission to a college and university. Since the Korea Labor panel data is interval-and right-censored, we compared three imputation methods: simple omission, imputation as the average of the left and the right values of the interval, and multiple imputations proposed by Pan (2000). Their integrated area under the curve (iAUC) and mean square error (MSE) were compared in order to assess the predictive and estimation performances. It was found that, within the simulation, the multiple imputation method had a lower MSE than the other two methods. However, no difference was observed in the iAUC values. In the group where each householder had at least a college degree, the parental job loss variable was significantly related to college or university admission of the first child in a household regardless of the interval-censoring imputation method.
Genomic analyses identify key biological processes in prototype foamy virus infected cancer cells
Authors: Wang Mengshan , Wang Xueying , Zhang Donghong
Published: May 2022

Viral vector-mediated gene therapy against cancer such as fibrosarcoma has been considered a high gene delivery method. Among the retroviruses, foamy viruses have been considered potential gene therapy vectors due to their non-pathogenicity. However, the biological processes during the foamy viruses infected cancer cells are unknown. Here, our objective is to figure out the key molecules, signaling pathways, and biological processes by analyzing the RAN-seq data. The GSE200199 is produced by the Illumina HiSeq 4000 (Homo sapiens). Our study showed Sphingolipid signaling pathway and Carbon metabolism are the key biological processes in the foamy viruses infected fibrosarcoma cells. Moreover, we figured out several interactive genes including TP53, KRAS, RHOA, VEGFA, SIRT1, ERBB2, CD44, BCL2L1, DLG4, and BDNF. Our study may provide new knowledge on foamy viruses infected cancer cells.
Flipped Matrix
Authors: Marci-Boehncke Gudrun , Rath Matthias O.
Published: May 2022

Die Arbeit auf digitalen Plattformen verlangt in besonderer Weise die Auseinandersetzung mit der digitalen Raumaneignung. Dazu nimmt der Beitrag Bezug zu Konzepten der Raumtheorie aus Architektur und Soziologie. Die Überlegung, dass sowohl spatiale als auch soziale Aspekte wichtig sind und reale soziale Begegnungen kompensiert werden müssen in einem Ambiente mit anderen sozialen Machtstrukturen, als diese im realen universitären Arbeitsalltag üblich sind, hat die beiden Seminarleitenden ein Flipped-Matrix-Konzept entwickeln lassen, das eine Räumlichkeit in den Lernbewegungen zweidimensional simuliert. Am Beispiel eines hochschul- und fächerübergreifenden Seminars der PH Ludwigsburg und der TU Dortmund wird dieses Konzept vorgestellt.
Wie zufrieden sind Studierende mit der digitalen Lehre?
Authors: Schley Saskia , Buchwald Lisa
Published: May 2022

Aufgrund der aktuellen COVID-19-Pandemie wird die Präsenzlehre an Hochschulen in reine Online-Formate umstrukturiert. Studierende müssen ihr Lernverhalten neuen digitalen Formaten und veränderten Rahmenbedingungen anpassen. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Veränderungen wird in diesem Beitrag der Frage nachgegangen, wie zufrieden Studierende mit der digitalen Lehre sind und welchen Einfluss die Motivation und das Studierverhalten darauf haben. Dazu werden mittels eines adaptierten Online-Fragebogens Studierende des Fachbereichs Erziehungswissenschaft und Psychologie (N=147) der Freien Universität Berlin befragt. Die Regressionsmodelle zeigen, dass Motivation und Selbstbestimmung sowie das Studierverhalten einen Einfluss auf die Zufriedenheit mit der digitalen Lehre haben und einen großen Teil der Varianz in der abhängigen Variable aufklären. Auf Grundlage der Daten können Empfehlungen oder Strategien zur Steigerung der Zufriedenheit der Studierenden mit der digitalen Hochschullehre abgeleitet werden.
Kommunizieren und kooperieren mit digitalen Medien
Authors: Mathez Judith , Schraner Küttel Monika
Published: May 2022

Der Artikel fasst die Erkenntnisse aus der qualitativen Analyse von Reflexionsberichten aus einer Weiterbildung (resp. Fortbildung) während der Fernlernzeit zusammen. Anhand von 12 Gruppendokumenten von insgesamt 42 Teilnehmenden kann aufgezeigt werden, wie persönliche Lernschritte und passende schulische Rahmenbedingungen das Unterrichtshandeln verändern. Zunächst wird die Bedeutung von digitaler Kommunikation und Kooperation für die Schüler*innen und deren Relevanz für den Bildungsbereich dargestellt und das komplexe Zusammenspiel unterschiedlicher Ebenen des Bildungsbereichs für den Transfer in den Unterricht herausgearbeitet. Die Untersuchung der Reflexionsberichte erlaubt differenzierte Aussagen zu Veränderungen im methodisch-didaktischen Denken und Handeln der Lehrpersonen, zur Klassengemeinschaft im digitalen Raum, zur Motivation der Lehrpersonen und zu den Rahmenbedingungen auf Schulebene, welche eine digitale Transformation begünstigen. Ein Fazit schließt den Beitrag ab.
Digitale Werkstattformate für Lehrende an sächsischen Hochschulen
Authors: Albrecht Claudia , Brenner Franziska , Schulz Anja , Vogel Anne
Published: May 2022

Der Beitrag reflektiert die Erfahrungen mit einem neuen Weiterbildungsformat, den Digital Workspaces, welche im Frühjahr 2020 im Rahmen des Verbundprojektes Digitalisierung der Hochschulbildung in Sachsen (DHS) eingeführt wurden. Dabei werden neben pandemiebedingten Herausforderungen und Charakteristika des Formats Potenziale der Digital Workspaces aufgezeigt und ein Blick in die Zukunft dieses hochschuldidaktischen Angebots geworfen.
Blended Learning Mobility
Authors: Böhmer Anselm , Isso Illie , Schwab Götz , Sahin Hilal
Published: May 2022

Durch blended mobility und blended learning kann die virtuelle Mobilität Studierender gefördert werden. Dabei kommen insbesondere medienpädagogisch relevante Lehrformate wie digitales Lernen, auch als peer-learning, oder auch virtuelle Kooperationsformate u.a.m. zum Einsatz. Der Aufsatz untersucht anhand der Befunde eines aktuellen Projekts der Autor*innen, wie sich solche Formate in der pandemischen Hochschullehre nutzen lassen und welche Potentiale für die künftige postpandemische akademische Lehre gewonnen werden können.
Aktive Medienarbeit als Mittel zur Prävention von Cybermobbing
Authors: Junge Thorsten
Published: May 2022

Seit dem Sommersemester 2017 wird von der Abteilung Medienpädagogik ein praxisorientiertes Seminar zum Phänomen Cybermobbing ausgebracht. Das Konzept hierfür wurde an der RWTH Aachen University entwickelt und in Anlehnung an bestehende Präventionsprogramme verbindet es Best Practices aus der Präventionsarbeit mit Methoden der Aktiven Medienarbeit. Nachdem Lehramtsstudierenden Hintergrundwissen zum Phänomen Cybermobbing vermittelt wurde, konzipieren sie auf dieser Grundlage einen Projekttag, den sie später mit einer Schulklasse durchführen. Das wichtigste Element der Projekttage ist die Erstellung eines Kurzfilms oder einer Fotogeschichte mithilfe von Tablets. Diese – von den Schüler*innen eigenständig erstellten – Medienprodukte dienen in der gemeinsamen Arbeit mit den Heranwachsenden als Reflexionsmaterial zur Auseinandersetzung mit Cybermobbing. Trotz widriger Corona-Bedingungen konnte das Seminar im zurückliegenden Wintersemester erfolgreich durchgeführt werden (z. T. als Hybrid-Veranstaltung) und es wurden vier Projekttage an Schulen realisiert. Im hier vorgelegten Beitrag werden die verschiedenen Eindrücke und Erfahrungen aus der Perspektive der Studierenden und des Dozenten berichtet.
Tagungsbericht: 20 Jahre Hochschuldidaktikzentrum Baden-Württemberg
Authors: Koroknay Judith
Published: May 2022

Das Hochschuldidaktikzentrum Baden-Württemberg (HDZ) ist ein landesweites Netzwerk lokaler hochschuldidaktischer Arbeitsstellen in gemeinsamer Verantwortung der neun Universitäten und dem Verbund der sechs Pädagogischen Hochschulen des Landes. Das HDZ bietet ein an internationalen Standards orientiertes hochschuldidaktisches Weiterbildungsprogramm mit ministeriell beurkundetem Zertifikatsabschluss. Ziel der Angebote und Maßnahmen ist die nachhaltige Verbesserung der Lehrqualität aller Universitäten und Pädagogischen Hochschulen Baden-Württembergs.Hervorgegangen aus einem Modellprojekt im Rahmen des „Bündnis für Lehre“, initiiert und gefördert durch das Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst (MWK) im Jahr 2001, finanziert sich das HDZ seit dem Ende der fünfjährigen Förderphase eigenständig.Im November 2021 feierte das Hochschuldidaktikzentrum Baden-Württemberg sein 20-jähriges Bestehen mit einer Online-Veranstaltung, die im vorliegenden Beitrag näher vorgestellt wird.
Tagungsbericht: 44. Stuttgarter Tage der Medienpädagogik
Authors: Junge Thorsten
Published: May 2022

Die Stuttgarter Tage der Medienpädagogik sind ein etabliertes Forum für Medienpädagog*innen aus Lehre, Forschung und Praxis, um aktuelle gesellschaftlich relevante Themen zu diskutieren. Nachdem die 43. Tagung im Jahr zuvor erfolgreich online durchgeführt wurde, entschieden sich die Organisator*innen auch in diesem Jahr für eine Online-Veranstaltung. In diesem Jahr stand das Thema „Digitale Teilhabe“ im Fokus. In Zusammenarbeit mit dem Evangelischen Medienhaus, der Gesellschaft für Medienpädagogik und Kommunikationskultur, der Landesanstalt für Kommunikation Baden-Württemberg, dem Landesmedienzentrum, der Landeszentrale für politische Bildung und dem SWR stellte die Akademie der Diözese Rottenburg-Stuttgart ein überaus vielfältiges Programm zu diesem komplexen Thema zusammen. Mit Blick auf verschiedene Zielgruppen wurden am 16. März 2022 die aktuellen Herausforderungen erörtert und (medienpädagogische) Lösungsansätze zur Diskussion gestellt. Im Mittelpunkt stand die Frage, was notwendig ist, damit alle Menschen den digitalen Wandel mitgestalten können.
Distanzlernen mit Online-Medien im Förderschwerpunkt Lernen
Authors: Kisling Dominik
Published: May 2022

In diesem Beitrag werden die wesentlichen Erkenntnisse der Bachelorarbeit (Titel: Eine bildungswissenschaftliche Analyse zu digitalen Medien am SBBZ Lernen) des Autors aufgegriffen, die er im Rahmen des Bachelorstudiengangs Lehramt Sonderpädagogik an der Pädagogischen Hochschule in Ludwigsbug verfasste.
Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die bisherige Umsetzung von Distanzlernen mit Online-Medien durch sonderpädagogische Fachkräfte des Förderschwerpunkts Lernen mit Schüler*innen mit sonderpädagogischem Förderbedarf analysiert. Daraus sollen Erkenntnisse über förderliche Rahmenbedingungen und Handlungsempfehlungen für den künftigen Einsatz von Online-Medien beim Distanzlernen abgeleitet werden. Hierzu wurden (qualitative) Experteninterviews mit sieben sonderpädagogischen Lehrer*innen geführt und ausgewertet. Es kann aufgezeigt werden, dass diese Art des Unterrichtens mit Online-Medien verschiedene Schwierigkeiten mit sich bringt. Diese liegen v. a. in der unzureichenden Ausstattung von digitalen Endgeräten an den Schulen und den fehlenden Medienkompetenzen bei Lehrer*innen sowie Schüler*innen. Des Weiteren können die Anforderungen sonderpädagogischen Handelns nicht erfüllt werden. Dies führt zu Exklusionsprozessen, da der Zugang zu Bildung, Teilnahme und Teilhabe verwehrt wird. Diese Probleme entstehen u. a. durch die Gegebenheiten an den zuständigen Institutionen, den sonderpädagogischen Bildungs- und Beratungszentren. Die Untersuchung führt zu der Erkenntnis, dass eine reibungslose Durchführung Rahmenbedingungen erfordert, die eine flächendeckende, ausnahmslose und einheitliche Ausstattung beinhalten, um nur einige Beispiele zu nennen. Außerdem muss die Lehrer*innenaus- und -weiterbildung angepasst werden. Die Studie, die in diesem Beitrag vorgestellt wird, zeigt zudem viele für die Befragten hilfreiche Praxisbeispiele auf, die unerprobten Neueinsteiger*innen bei der Umsetzung von Distanzlernen mit Online-Medien helfen sollen. Es zeigt sich, dass unter anderem eine intensive Vorbereitung im Team, auch unter Einbezug der Eltern, förderlich ist.
«The plain discourse of truth»: the project of philosophic language in the 17th-century West Part I: The way to the real character
Authors: Карабыков А.В.
Published: May 2022

Будучи уникальным явлением эпохи Научной революции XVI–XVII вв., проект всеобщего и особенно философского языка развивался на стыке интересов столь разных дисциплин, как лингвистика и теология, естествознание и семиотика, метафизика и теория коммуникации. В статье исследуется его история, осмысленная как переход от стено- и криптографических систем к схемам всеобщей и далее реальной письменности. При этом философский язык был фонетическим вариантом систем реальной письменности. Анализ каждой ступени сосредоточен на мотивах и целях создателей этих схем, а также на культурных факторах и интеллектуальных предпосылках, обусловливавших их мышление. Обсуждается вопрос о связях, генетически соединявших этот проект с обсуждением природы адамического языка и возможности его обретения. Доказывается, что авторы схем обоих (всеобщего и реального) типов рассматривали их как паллиатив по отношению к утраченному Ursprache.

The project of universal and philosophic language was a unique phenomenon of the epoch of the Scientific revolution of the XVI–XVII cc. It was developed at an intersection of such various disciplines as linguistics and theology, natural philosophy and semiotics, metaphysics and communicational technologies. The history of the project conceived as a transition from steno- and cryptographic systems to schemes of the universal character and then to the real one is studied. The analysis of each stage is focused on motives and aims of creators of the schemes as well as on cultural factors and intellectual premises determining their work and thinking. An issue of the relations genetically connecting that project with discussions of the nature of Adamic language and of possibilities of its recuperation is considered. It is argued that the authors of the schemes of the both (universal and real) kinds regarded them as a palliative substitution of the lost Ursprache.
New Professors for Russian Universities: The Formation of Classical Philologists in the 1830s
Authors: Ильина К.А.
Published: May 2022

В статье реконструируются практики обучения филологов-классиков в Дерптском университете, Профессорском институте при нем, Берлинском университете в конце 1820-х–1830-е годы. Это дает возможность рассмотреть процесс формирования группы молодых ученых, будущих университетских профессоров, с разделенным пониманием дисциплинарных стандартов классической филологии, методов ее исследования и преподавания. Источниковой основой исследования являются делопроизводственные материалы, извлеченные из фонда Департамента народного просвещения, а также из университетских фондов российских и зарубежных архивов.

The article is focused on reconstruction of сthe teaching practices of classical philologists at the University of Dorpat, Dorpat Professorial Institute and the University of Berlin in the late 1820s–1830s. This allows us to consider the process of formation of the group of young scientists, future university professors, with a shared understanding of the disciplinary standards of classical philology, methods of its research and teaching. For this purpose, the archival materials of the Ministry of Education, as well as Saint Petersburg, Dorpat and Kiev Universities are considered.
Understanding the "Black death" and major epidemic outbreaks of plague in modern Western historiography
Authors: Хайдаров Т.Ф.
Published: May 2022

В статье анализируются взгляды современных западных исследователей на крупные эпидемические вспышки чумы, происходившие в прошлом. Особое внимание уделено практике работы с косвенными данными, взятыми из палеогенетики, а также теории вероятности, социологии и климатологии. Осмысление полученных данных позволило не только перейти к макрорегиональным исследованиям, но и значительно расширить источниковую базу темы. Полученные таким образом результаты позволили историкам (Н.В. ДеВитт, М. Грин, М.Б.С. Кэмпбелл) решить ряд наиболее спорных вопросов. Главные из них касались: региона происхождения и дат крупных чумных эпидемий; факторов, способствовавших их распространению; хронологических и географических границ изучаемого объекта; основных изменений в социально-экономических и общественно-политических отношениях изучаемых макрорегионов. Речь идет о начале процесса кардинального пересмотра устоявшихся со Средних веков представлений о крупных чумных эпидемиях прошлого.

The article analyzes views of Western researchers on major epidemic outbreaks of plague that occurred in the historical past. Special attention is paid to the practice of work with indirect data taken from paleogenetics, as well as probability theory, sociology and climatology. Understanding the data obtained allowed us not only to move to macro-regional studies, but also to significantly expand the source base of the topic. The results obtained in this way allowed historians (N.V. Devitt, M. Green, M.B.S. Campbell) to resolve a number of the most controversial questions. The main ones concerned: the region of origin and date of major plague epidemics; factors that contributed to the spread of these disasters; chronological and geographical boundaries; the main changes in the socio-economic and socio-political relations of the studied macro-regions. In fact, we are talking about the beginning of a process of radical revision of the dogmas and ideas that have been established since the Middle ages about major plague epidemics in the historical past.
Mapping the Borders of Muscovy and Rus’ Representations of the “Muscovite People” in the European Cartography and Toponymy of the 16–18th сс.
Authors: Ерусалимский К.Ю.
Published: May 2022

В статье рассмотрены репрезентации «Московии» и «Белой Руси» на картах XVI в. и развитие этих ренессансных хоронимов в картографии XVII–XVIII вв., а также изучена «московская» топонимика на землях Великого княжества Литовского и Короны Польской. Московия и населяющие ее московиты возникли на картах в 1500-1540-е гг. на малоизвестных землях, которые не рассматривались до середины XVI в. как единое политическое целое, однако и позднее ограничивались в своем господствующем статусе благодаря ряду картографических приемов.

The article deals with the representations of „Muscovy“ and „Alba Russia“ on the 16th century maps and developments of these Renaissance choronyms in the 17–18th cс., and „Muscovite“ toponymy on the lands of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Polish Crown. The Muscovy and populating her Muscovites emerged on the maps ca. 1500–1540s as cartographic symbols on the understudied lands, which were not considered as political unit until the mid-16th century, and later were also limited in their domineering status in these lands by special cartographic means.
Antiquity and its heritage in intellectual and political self-identification by the prisoner of island of Saint Helena
Authors: Артюх Г.Ю. , Чиглинцев Е.А. , Шмелёв Д.В.
Published: May 2022

В статье исследуется проблема личностного отношения Наполеона Бонапарта к античности. В центре внимания авторов находятся различные аспекты восприятия античности в имперскую эпоху, создававшие социальный и культурный фон. Применительно к Наполеону авторы обращаются ко времени пребывания его на острове Святой Елены. Основным источником являются мемуары графа Лас-Каза, а также личные записи Наполеона. Из них следует, что на острове Наполеон не раз обращается к античности, к её наследию, которое во многом повлияло на его мировоззрение, став для него своего рода ориентиром, источником знаний и опыта. Рассуждения о древней государственности, политических и военных деятелях античности, оценки и анализ исторических событий позволяют определить специфику отношения Наполеона к античной истории. Обращение к античности позволяет Наполеону и в изоляции остаться одним из выдающихся интеллектуалов своего времени.

The article examined the problem of the personal attitude of Napoleon Bonaparte to antiquity. The authors focus on various aspects of the perception of antiquity in the imperial epoch, creating a social and cultural background. In relation to Napoleon, the authors turn to the time of his stay on the island of St. Helena. The main source is the memoirs of Count Las Cases, as well as personal records of Napoleon. It follows from them that on the island Napoleon more than once turns to antiquity, to its heritage, which in many respects influenced his worldview, becoming for him a kind of landmark, a source of knowledge and experience. Discussions about ancient statehood, political and military figures of antiquity, assessment and analysis of historical events allow us to determine the specifics of Napoleon's attitude to ancient history. The authors of the article conclude that Napoleon, being far from the centers of civilization, remains one of the outstanding intellectuals of his time.
Historical Politics of Memory in Iran, 1925–1979 ("Imagination" of the Past and "Invention" of History as a Form of "Invention of Traditions")
Authors: Кирчанов М.В.
Published: May 2022

Автор анализирует формы политически мотивированных манипуляций историей как часть национализма и политики памяти в Иране периода Пехлеви. Предполагается, что политика памяти зависела от динамики модернизации. Элиты использовали историю и прошлое как символические ресурсы для легитимации режима, а политика памяти стала формой иранского националистического воображения. Элиты были также активны в попытках актуализировать и визуализировать зороастрийское и доисламское наследие, интегрируя его в культурные пространства и контексты Ирана. Автор анализирует коммеморативные мероприятия, включая празднование 2500-летия персидской монархии. Предполагается, что политика памяти в Иране имитировала культурные практики западного национализма.

The author analyzes the forms of politically motivated historical manipulations as part of nationalism and memory politics in Iran during the Pahlavi period. It is assumed that the politics of memory depended on the dynamics of modernization. The author believes that the elites used history and the past as symbolic resources in their attempts to legitimize the regime, and the politics of memory became a form of Iranian nationalist imagination. The author believes that the elites actualized and visualized the Zoroastrian and pre-Islamic heritage, integrating it into the cultural spaces and contexts of Iran. The author analyzes the commemorative events, including the celebration of the 2500th anniversary of the Persian monarchy. It is assumed that the politics of memory in Iran imitated the cultural practices of Western nationalism.
Last kiss in Roman funeral practice
Authors: Клёнышева Н.Д.
Published: May 2022

В статье рассматривается «последний поцелуй» в римском похоронном обряде. В латинском языке имелось три слова, означающих поцелуй (osculum, basium, savium), которые во время Поздней Республики и Ранней Империи были синонимами, но osculum считалось «литературным», а «basium» просторечным. Специального термина «последний поцелуй» у античных авторов нет, они использовали разные выражения, хотя почти всегда со словом osculum. «Последний поцелуй» был не ре-лигиозным, а светским необязательным ритуалом, желательным одобряемым поведением, проявлением всего спектра социальных отношений. Он мог быть выражением не только горя, но и социального статуса или демонстрацией политических пристрастий. Древние авторы упоминают, что кто-то из близких стремился поймать душу умирающего ртом (animam ore legere/excipere), но это лишь поэтически возвышенное описание «последнего поцелуя», а не элемент похоронного обряда.

The article analizes the "last kiss" in a Roman funeral rite. In Latin there were three words meaning a kiss (osculum, basium, savium), which were synonymous during the Late Republic and the Early Empire, although osculum was considered to be "literary" and "basium" was a colloquial word. The ancient authors did not have a special term for "last kiss", they used different terms, and in most cases the word osculum was used. The "last kiss" was not a religious but a secular, non-obligatory ritual, a desirable approved behaviour, a manifestation of the whole spectrum of social relations. It could be not only a manifestation of grief, but also of social status, as well as a demonstration of political affiliations. Ancient authors mention that someone close to him or her tried to catch the soul of a dying person with his or her mouth (animam ore legere / excipere), but this is just a poetically sublime description of the "last kiss", not an element of the funeral rite.
A.F. Filippov: the Path of an Intellectual and an Adventurer in the Field of Multiple Identities
Authors: Медоваров М.В.
Published: May 2022

Статья посвящена анализу биографии Алексея Филиппова (1869–1936), журналиста, мыслителя, авантюриста и государственного деятеля. Продемонстрирована за-кономерность идейной эволюции Филиппова в контексте его социального происхождения и связей на разных этапах жизни – в Могилеве, Москве, Петербурге, Новороссийске и других городах, на различных должностях. Переход от правых монархических взглядов к национал-демократической и левой социально-экономиче-ской программе позволил ему успешно построить свою карьеру как до, так и после Октябрьской революции. Уникальность и типичность как два аспекта жизненного пути Филиппова ставят важные вопросы перед исторической биографистикой.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the biography of Alexey Filippov (1869–1936) as a journalist, thinker, adventurer and statesman. The article demonstrates the regularity of Filippov's ideological evolution in the context of his social origin and connections at various stages of his life in Mogilev, Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novorossiysk and other cities, in various positions. The thinker's transition from right-wing monarchical views to a national-democratic and left-wing socio-economic program allowed him to build his career successfully both before and after the October Revolution. Uniqueness and typicality as two aspects of Filippov's life raise important questions for historical biographistics.
Archpriest Mikhail Cheltsov During Participation in the Church Reform Movement
Authors: Воронцова И.В.
Published: May 2022

Протоиерей Михаил Чельцов считается одним из лидеров церковно-реформаторского движения 1905–1907 гг. Среди его научных трудов, богословских статей и педагогических брошюр – книга, систематизировавшая принципы дореволюционного обновленчества, между тем нет аналитических описаний реформаторского периода его жизни. Что привело его в ряды лево-реформаторов и каковы были его личные взгляды на церковное обновление? Эти вопросы впервые рассматриваются на материале эпистолярного наследия священномученика М.П. Чельцова. Автор приходит к выводу, что, веря в то, что Закон Божий – это душа русского народа,протоиерей Михаил следовал своей мысли о том, что православие должно вступить в тесный контакт с общественной жизнью.

Archpriest Mikhail Cheltsov is considered one of the Church reform movement leaders. Among his scientific works, theological articles and pedagogical pamphlets is a book that systematized the principles of pre-revolutionary renovationism, while there are no analytical descriptions of the reform period of his life. What led him to join the ranks of the left-reformers of the Russian Church; what were his personal views on church renewal? These questions are considered here for the first time on the material of the epistolary heritage of the Holy Martyr M. P. Cheltsov. The author concludes that, believing that the Law of God is the soul of the Russian people, Archpriest Michael followed his idea that Orthodoxy should come into close contact with public life.
«You Have Prepared Me for the Golenishchev Collection»: T.N. Borozdina – a Student of Professor B.A. Turaev
Authors: Анохина Е.А. , Томашевич О.В.
Published: May 2022

Статья посвящена основателю русской науки о древнем Востоке, египтологу Б.А. Ту-раеву и его любимой ученице Т.Н. Бороздиной. Авторы анализируют ранее неизвестные архивные документы, связанные с историей профессиональной подготовки Т.Н. Бороздиной, ее становления как египтолога и ее совместной с Тураевым деятельностью в Музее изящных искусств им. Императора Александра III при Императорском Московском университете (ныне ГМИИ им. А.С. Пушкина). Среди новых документов – материалы из архива Московских Высших женских курсов, Императорского Московского университета и письма Бороздиной к Тураеву (1912–1919 гг.).

The article is dedicated to the Egyptologist B.A. Turaev, the founder of the Ancient Near Eastern Studies in Russia, and his favorite student T.N. Borozdina. The authors analyze previously un-known archival documents related to the professional development of T.N. Borozdina as Egyptologist and her collaboration with B.A. Turaev in the Museum of Fine Arts named after Emperor Alexander III at the Imperial Moscow University (now the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts). Among the new documents are materials from the archives of the Moscow Higher Women’s Courses, the Imperial Moscow University, as well as letters from T.N. Borozdina to B.A. Turaev from 1912 to 1919.
The Moscow Stage in the Career of Nikolai Nikolaevich Pikus
Authors: Данилов Е.С.
Published: May 2022

Среди первых выпускников аспирантуры исторического факультета МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова был Н.Н. Пикус (1907–1971), уроженец Чернигова. Он выделялся усидчивостью и широтой научных интересов. Будучи современником многих перспективных специалистов (В.И. Авдиева, В.И. Кузищина, И.Л. Маяк и др.), Николай Николаевич внёс свой вклад в развитие эллинистических штудий и отечественной папирологии, но стал, в общем, забытым учёным. Этому способствовала относительно его ранняя кончина и отсутствие у него заметных учеников. В статье уделено внимание послевоенному периоду жизни и творчества Н.Н. Пикуса.

One of the first graduates of the doctorate courses in the History Department of the Moscow State University was N. Pikus (1907–1971) born in Chernigov. He was notable for his brilliant expertise, unusual working ability and broad research interests. As a contemporary of many promising specialists (V. Avdiyev, V. Kuzishchin, I. Mayak, etc.), N. Pikus made a significant contribution to Hellenistic studies and Russian papyrology, but later he was to a certain extent forgotten. It was mainly due to his relatively early demise and the lack of outstanding disciples. The article deals with the post-war period in life and work of the Moscow scholar.
Dialogue of Cultures of West and East in the Views of V.I. lamansky, a St. Petersburg Thinker at the Turn of the 19th-20th Centuries
Authors: Михайлова Е.Е.
Published: May 2022

В статье рассматривается тема диалога культур Запада и Востока, специфически раскрытая в трудах петербургского мыслителя рубежа XIX–XX вв. В.И. Ламанско-го. Статья выдержана в формате обсуждения книги В.А. Куприянова и А.В. Мали-нова «Академик В.И. Ламанский. Материалы к биографии и научной деятельности», в которой осуществлена перекрестная референция научных и политических взглядов историка. Автор считает, что целый ряд суждений Ламанского звучит современно. Диалог есть важный инструмент взаимодействия культур; гуманистический фактор лежит в основе диалога и выражен триадой «язык–культура–самосо-знание»; Россия способна быть центром притяжения разнородных культур – эти и другие идеи Ламанского могут вызвать интерес специалистов и читателей.

The article examines the dialogue between the West culture and the East culture, specifically disclosed in the works of the St. Petersburg thinker at the turn of the 19th-20thcс. V.I. Lamansky. In this regard, the presentation is in the format of a discussion of the book by V.A. Kupriyanov and A.V. Malinov “Academician V.I. Lamansky. Materials for biography and scientific activity "(2020), in which a cross-reference of the historian's scientific and political views is carried out. The author believes that a number of Lamansky's judgments sound modern. Dialogue is an important tool for the interaction of cultures; the humanistic factor underlies the dialogue and is expressed by the triad "language-culture-self-awareness"; Russia is capable of being a center of attraction for heterogeneous cultures - these and other ideas of Lamansky can arouse the interest of specialists and reflective readers.
History as a Dictatorship of Time
Authors: Фатенков А.Н.
Published: May 2022

Текст выстраивается на пересечении онтологических проекций времени и истории. Очерченная область (предмет исследования) рассматривается с позиции экзистенциальной философии. Автор говорит о власти, которую время и история имеют над людьми. Эта власть, сочетающая законосообразные действия и произвол, опознаётся как диктаторская. Формулируется основной закон истории: после этого не значит вместо этого. Обсуждается соотношение временного и исторического с каузальным. Уточняется концептуальная композиция, базовыми элементами которой наряду со временем и историей являются вечность и мгновение. Теоретические выкладки сопровождаются экзистенциально окрашенными картинами восприятия исторической реальности. Указываются ориентиры сопротивления диктату времени и истории.

The text is being constructed at the intersection of ontological projections of time and history. The outlined area (subject of research) is seen from the standpoint of existential philosophy. The author addresses power of time and history over people. This power that combines legal actions and arbitrariness is defined as a dictatorial one. The main history law is being formulated: after that does not mean instead of that. The correlation of temporary and historical with causal is being discussed. The conceptual composition, which basic elements are eternity and instant along with time and history, is being specified. The theoretical assumptions are accompanied by existential pictures of historical reality’s perception. The guiding lines of resisting dictate of time and history are pointed out.
Polynomial Commitment-Based Zero-Knowledge Proof Schemes
Authors: Mundele Becky , Han Chenchen
Published: May 2022

Blockchain technology is one of the most popular information technologies at present, and its security features are realized through various cryptographic tools. Zero-knowledge proofs are such a tool that can increase data security and improve users’ privacy, and zero-knowledge proof schemes constructed with polynomial commitments have advantages in terms of verification time and proof size. Benefiting from the development of blockchain technology, zero-knowledge proof has also ushered in rapid development. This paper analyzes the research status of zero-knowledge proof schemes based on polynomial commitment construction, and introduces the construction and security of polynomial commitments. Finally, blockchain and some other potential commitment schemes that can be used for zero-knowledge proofs and blockchain construction are introduced as future research directions and engineering applications.
Determinants of turnover intention: The case of public servants in Vietnam
Authors: V. Nguyen Phuong , Le Nga , Trieu Hoa , Huynh Tien , Quynh Tran Hoa
Published: May 2022

Turnover intention is an essential issue for every organization as retaining experienced and knowledgeable employees is an essential factor contributing to an organization’s competitive advantage and sustainable growth. Governmental and non-profit organizations, in particular, need to develop measures for reducing the increasing rate of turnover among federal officials. This study examines the factors influencing intentions to leave among civil servants in the public administration sector. Therefore, an online survey was undertaken to collect data from the targeted respondents, who are employees and managers working in governmental organizations in Vietnam. By using the convenience sampling method, a total of 300 responses were obtained. Men made up 53.3% of the participants, while women made up the remainder. Nearly 60% of the participants work for governmental and political organizations, and the rest work for state unions. The collected data were then processed via AMOS software and analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling approach. The results indicate that job satisfaction strongly affects employees’ turnover intentions, with a path coefficient of 0.352 and a p-value less than 0.001. In addition, perceived organizational support has a significant positive relationship with organizational commitment, evidenced by the path coefficient of 0.315 and p-value less than 0.001. Overall, the results suggest that organizations are more likely to retain qualified and committed employees when they attempt to develop appropriate training programs and an incentive reward system.
Understanding problem-solving processes of preschool children in CS unplugged activities
Authors: CAKIROGLU Unal , MUMCU Suheda , ATABAY Melek , AYDIN Merve
Published: May 2022

This study aims to explore the influences of the unplugged CS activities in developing problem solving skills of preschool children. Code.org activities were used as an instructional package. The participants were 11 children (4-5 aged) enrolled in a public pre-school. Activity assessment form and clinical interviews were used to understand children’s problem solving processes. In order to determine the problem solving performances, the tasks were divided into the meaningful sub-tasks with regard to problem steps of Nance’ problem solving model. The results indicated that CS unplugged activities positively influenced students’ understanding and planning performances more than doing and evaluation skills. Preschool children developmental characteristics and the nature of the problems somewhat hampered the development of their performances in doing and evaluation steps. It is hoped that the study may provide insights for the efforts on enhancing preschool children’s problem solving processes.
Does microcredit for water and sanitation improve household welfare? Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Tazkiyah Kiki Amalia , Halimatussadiah Alin , Moeis Faizal Rahmanto
Published: May 2022

The water supply and sanitation (WSS) sector requires large household investments and expenditure. Microfinance provides an alternative financing scheme to support in reaching universal access to WSS to improve public health and well-being. Using propensity score matching to Water.org's household survey data, combined with the Village Potential's village statistics, this study aims to evaluate the impact of microcredit devoted to improvements in water and sanitation facilities towards household welfare measured by the WSS Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) ladder status, income, and the share of health expenditure. Due to data availability limitations, the results indicated an associative relationship, as opposed to a causality relationship, between WSS microcredit participation and the respective outcomes. Participation in WSS microcredit was significantly associated with a higher JMP ladder for sanitation access but not with a JMP ladder for water access. Moreover, borrowers’ participation in WSS microcredit was associated with a significantly higher monthly income and a significantly lower proportion of health expenditure. Future evaluation studies of WSS microcredit should focus on improving data collection or conducting randomized control trials. For ensuring better practices, microfinance institutions (MFIs) should conduct stringent monitoring on fund usage to assure households benefit from the expected outcomes of WSS improvements.
Analysis of sediment variation and influencing factors in the upper Yangtze River in the past 50 years, China
Authors: Guo Wenxian , Jiao Xuyang , Huang Lintong , Zhou Haotong , Zhao Ruichao , Wang Hongxiang
Published: May 2022

River sediment load has a profound impact on river geomorphology and river ecosystems. We selected sediment load data from 1965 to 2019 from three key hydrological stations in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River: Pingshan, Cuntan, and Yichang. We have used the Mann-Kendall method, t-test, and wavelet analysis to analyze the characteristics of sediment load variation, the Cumulative volume slope rate of change, and the River Impact method to quantitatively assess the degree of sediment variation and the influencing factors. The results show that (1) The annual sediment load at the upper reaches of the Yangtze River at the Pingshan, Cuntan, and Yichang stations all showed a significant decreasing trend, with mutations in 1997, 2003, and 2002, respectively, with the main period of 15 years, 24 years, and 10 years. (2) A series of human activities such as interception of dams, sand mining in river channels, and soil and water conservation measures are the main reasons for the significant reduction of sediment load in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, with the contribution of human activities exceeding 80% in all cases after the 1990 s and 90% after the 21st century. (3) Under human activities, the annual sediment load at Cuntan station has been highly altered, while serious alterations have occurred at Pingshan and Yichang stations. The results of the study can provide a corresponding reference for ecological protection and restoration in the Yangtze River basin.
Methane production improvement in an osmotic membrane bioreactor for sludge anaerobic digestion: pretreatment optimization and long-term performance
Authors: Qu Yuetong , Li Yunqian , Zhu Hongtao
Published: May 2022

Hydrolysis is the first step and also rate-limiting step of anaerobic digestion which recovers energy from waste sludge. In order to accelerate the reaction rate of the hydrolysis, many pretreatment conditions had been taken into account. In this study, thermal pretreatment and alkaline pretreatment were combined with each other, serving as a thermal-alkaline pretreatment approach. Firstly, an orthogonal designed batch experiment was conducted to evaluate the pretreatment conditions, and then the optimal conditions were applied to an osmotic membrane bioreactor for a long-term investigation. Based on batch experiments, sludge treated by NaOH at pH 9 or 10 showed a better effect in cell solubilization. Sludge treated by Ca(OH)2 at pH 9, and sludge treated by NaOH at pH 9 or 10 showed advantages in methane production. Ultimately, sludge treated by NaOH at pH 9 and then heated at 90 °C for 60 min was selected as the optimal pretreatment condition. During the long-term operation of osmotic membrane bioreactor for sludge anaerobic digestion, the volume methane production of the sludge treated by thermal-alkaline was maintained at around 200–300 mL/L/d, which was 2–3 times of the sludge treated by ultrasound.
Global Trends in Diﬀerentiation of Population Income
Authors: Huchmazova D. А.
Published: May 2022

Purpose of the study. Identification of global trends in inequality in the distribution of the population income. In accordance with the goal, the following tasks are set: 1) to examine current international research that addresses the problem of income distribution inequality of the population; 2) assess the differentiation of the population income at the global and regional levels; 3) on the basis of the Gini and Theil indexes, to analyze the dynamics of income inequality of the population within and between countries of the world.Materials and methods. In the process of preparing the article, theauthor used data from international reports, analytical statistical materials, scientific works of Russian and foreign scientists. The scientific methods of cognition were used in the work: analysis (to assess changes in indicators of income inequality of the population), synthesis (to determine the relationship between inter-country and intra-country income inequalities of the population), graphical (to build graphs that reflect the dynamics of changes in the distribution of national income and assets among the population, Gini coefficient, Theil index). These methods made it possible to identify the scale and trends in the differentiation of the population income in the world.Results. The problem of uneven distribution of the population income was investigated. It has been established that inequality in the population income differs significantly between regions of the world, and the level of inequality of the population in terms of income within countries is much higher than the level of inequality between countries. An assessment of the current state is given and trends in the differentiation of the population income in the world based on the Gini index and the Theil index are revealed.Conclusion. It has been established that the problem of income differentiation of the population is in the focus of attention of both the scientific community and international organizations, namely: the United Nations, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the World Bank, Oxfam. The level of differentiation of the population by income between regions of the world differs significantly. The scale of global income inequality of the population now has reached the level that was observed during the heyday of Western imperialism. With the help of the Gini and Theil indexes, it was revealed that intra-country inequality is significantly greater than the inter-country income inequality of the population.