bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear optics in gallium phosphide cavities: simultaneous second and third harmonic generation
Authors: McLaughlin Blaine , Lake David P. , Mitchell Matthew , Barclay Paul E.
Published: May 2022

We demonstrate the simultaneous generation of second and third harmonic signals from a telecom wavelength pump in a gallium phosphide (GaP) microdisk. Using analysis of the power scaling of both the second and third harmonic outputs and calculations of nonlinear cavity mode coupling factors, we study contributions to the third harmonic signal from direct and cascaded sum frequency generation processes. We find that despite the relatively high material absorption in GaP at the third harmonic wavelength, both of these processes can be significant, with relative magnitudes that depend closely on the detuning between the second harmonic wavelengths of the cavity modes.
Experiment on parity-time-symmetry phase transition in non-Hermitian metasurfaces
Authors: Xu Jingwei , Ouyang Shoujian , Luo Laibin , Shen Yun , Zou Liner , Tan Zhiyong , Deng Xiaohua
Published: May 2022

Metasurfaces consisting of two orthogonally oriented split-ring resonators with the same resonant frequency but different loss coefficients are proposed to devise a parity-time (PT)-symmetry system. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) solutions with different concentrations are dropped onto the metasurfaces to the realize PT-symmetry phase transitions. Theoretical and experimental results show that eigenstates of the PT system will change from circularly polarized states at the exceptional point to corotating ellipses along

±
45

∘

when the samples are from the bare metasurfaces to these with BSA, indicating phase transitions. Additionally, potential application of the system in a biosensor is illustrated as the transmission and ellipticity angle

θ

are sensitive to the concentrations of the BSA solution.
Surface-wettable nonenzymatic fiber-optic sensor for selective detection of hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Wang Wei , Hong Meijing , Wong Nai-Kei , Deng Jianbin , Li Zesen , Ran Yang , Li Jie , Sun Lipeng , Jin Long , Guan Bai-Ou
Published: May 2022

A micro-nanostructure-based surface-modified fiber-optic sensor has been developed herein to selectively detect hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In our design, phenylboronic ester-modified polymers were used as a modified cladding medium that allows chemo-optic transduction. Sensing is mechanistically based on oxidation and subsequent hydrolysis of the phenylboronic ester-modified polymer, which modulates hydrophobic properties of fiber-optic devices, which was confirmed during characterization of the chemical functional group and hydrophobicity of the active sensing material. This work illustrates a useful strategy of exploiting principles of chemical modifications to design surface-wettable fiber-optic sensing devices for detecting reactive species of broad relevance to biological and environmental analyses.
Method for improving the speed and pattern quality of a DMD maskless lithography system using a pulse exposure method
Authors: Choi Jinsu , Kim Geehong , Lee Won-Sup , Chang Won Seok , Yoo Hongki
Published: May 2022

Maskless lithography based on a digital micromirror device (DMD) has the advantages of high process flexibility and a low production cost. However, due to the trade-off relationship between the pixel size and exposure area, it is challenging to achieve high resolutions and high patterning speeds at the same time, which hinders the wider application of this technology in micro- and nano-fabrication processes. In addition, micromirrors in DMDs create pixelated edges that limit the pattern quality. In this paper, we propose a novel DMD maskless lithography method to improve the pattern quality during high-speed continuous patterning by means of pulse exposure and oblique scanning processes. A unique criterion, the pixel occupancy, was devised to determine the parameters related to the pulse exposure and oblique scanning optimally. We also studied how the duty cycle of the pulse exposure affects the pattern quality. As a result, we were able to increase the scanning speed up to the speed limit considering the damage threshold of the DMD and improve the pattern quality by resolving the pixelation problem. We anticipate that this method can be used in various microfabrication fields with short product life cycles or in those that require custom designs, such as the manufacturing of PCBs, MEMS devices, and micro-optics devices, among others.
Laser wakefield acceleration based x ray source using 225-TW and 13-fs laser pulses produced by thin film compression
Authors: Fourmaux S. , Lassonde P. , Mironov S. Yu. , Hallin E. , Légaré F. , Maclean S. , Khazanov E. A. , Mourou G. , Kieffer J. C.
Published: May 2022

We show that 13-fs laser pulses associated with 225 TW of peak power can be used to produce laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA) and generate synchrotron radiation. To achieve this, 130-TW high-power laser pulses (3.2 J, 24 fs) are efficiently compressed down to 13 fs with the thin film compression (TFC) technique using large chirped mirrors after propagation and spectral broadening through a 1-mm-thick fused silica plate. We show that the compressed 13-fs laser pulse can be properly focused even if it induces a 10% degradation of the Strehl ratio. We demonstrate the usability of such a laser beam. We observe both an increase of the electron energy and of the betatron radiation critical energy when the pulse duration is reduced to 13 fs compared with the 24-fs case.
Broadband gas phase absorber detection and quantification by chirped laser dispersion spectroscopy at 1.55 µm
Authors: Macleod Neil A. , Huggard Peter G. , Henry Manju , Weidmann Damien
Published: May 2022

The demonstration and first evaluation of chirped laser dispersion spectroscopy (CLaDS) for quantitative measurements of gas molecules with broad spectral features is reported. The demonstration is conducted on propyne (methyl acetylene) gas, using a widely tunable external cavity near infrared laser, λ ≈ 1.55 µm, whose frequency can be swept at 2.6 MHz/µs. A direct baseband downconversion scheme is implemented to recover molecular dispersion, with a cost-effective 32 GHz radio frequency architecture. Laboratory tests demonstrate in particular the value of laser dispersion spectroscopy for the sensing of turbid media with a large range of variations, owing to a significant immunity of the detection scheme to variations in received optical power. Normalized minimum concentration measurable in the 1.5 ms scan is ∼0.7 ppm.m.√Hz
On-chip meta-optics for semi-transparent screen display in sync with AR projection
Authors: Shi Yangyang , Wan Chengwei , Dai Chenjie , Wan Shuai , Liu Yang , Zhang Chen , Li Zhongyang
Published: May 2022

On-chip integrated meta-optics could enable high-performance, lightweight, and compact integrated photonic devices for augmented reality (AR). Despite previous endeavors in controlling guided waves for holographic phase control, such devices lack versatile performance with the full optical controllability in both amplitude and phase needed to generate multi-functional displays. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an on-chip metasurface integrated on a waveguide to enable a multiplexing semi-transparent screen display in sync with an AR holographic display for human eyes. Through judicious engineering of on-chip meta-diatom displacement and interference at the nanoscale, we can locally modulate the on-chip optical scattering intensities to create a semi-transparent screen display. More intriguingly, we can project a simultaneous dual-channel AR holographic display by incorporating independent encoding freedom of its detour phase. Beyond the all-dielectric properties and high transparency, the projected AR images are free of zeroth-order diffraction interference due to the on-chip optical propagation scheme. We envision that the proposed on-chip meta-optic display could be readily applied to next-generation wearable AR displays, multiplexing optical displays, colored signage, information storage/encryption, and cosmetic visual applications.
Spatiotemporal sampling of near-petahertz vortex fields
Authors: Blöchl Johannes , Schötz Johannes , Maliakkal Ancyline , Šreibere Natālija , Wang Zilong , Rosenberger Philipp , Hommelhoff Peter , Staudte Andre , Corkum Paul B. , Bergues Boris , Kling Matthias F.
Published: May 2022

Measuring the field of visible light with high spatial resolution has
been challenging, as many established methods only detect a
focus-averaged signal. Here, we introduce a near-field method for
optical field sampling that overcomes that limitation by employing the
localization of the enhanced near-field of a nanometric needle tip. A
probe field perturbs the photoemission from the tip, which is induced
by a pump pulse, generating a field-dependent current modulation that
can easily be captured with our electronic detection scheme. The
approach provides reliable characterization of near-petahertz fields.
We show that not only the spiral wavefront of visible femtosecond
light pulses carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) can be resolved
but also the field evolution with time in the focal plane.
Additionally, our method is polarization sensitive, which makes it
applicable to vectorial field reconstruction.
Imaging through scattering media via spatial–temporal encoded pattern illumination
Authors: Zhao Xingchen , Nie Xiaoyu , Yi Zhenhuan , Peng Tao , Scully Marlan O.
Published: May 2022

Optical imaging through scattering media has long been a challenge. Many approaches have been developed for focusing light or imaging objects through scattering media, but usually, they are either invasive, limited to stationary or slow-moving media, or require high-resolution cameras and complex algorithms to retrieve the images. By utilizing spatial–temporal encoded patterns (STEPs), we introduce a technique for the computation of imaging that overcomes these restrictions. With a single-pixel photodetector, we demonstrate non-invasive imaging through scattering media. This technique is insensitive to the motion of the media. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our image reconstruction algorithm is much more efficient than correlation-based algorithms for single-pixel imaging, which may allow fast imaging for applications with limited computing resources.
Nonvolatile reconfigurable dynamic Janus metasurfaces in the terahertz regime
Authors: Zhang Shoujun , Chen Xieyu , Liu Kuan , Li Haiyang , Xu Yuehong , Jiang Xiaohan , Xu Yihan , Wang Qingwei , Cao Tun , Tian Zhen
Published: May 2022

Metasurfaces, especially tunable ones, have played a major role in controlling the amplitude, phase, and polarization of electromagnetic waves and attracted growing interest, with a view toward a new generation of miniaturized devices. However, to date, most existing reconfigurable devices are bounded in volatile nature with sustained external energy to maintain and single functionality, which restrict their further applications. Here, we demonstrate for the first time, to our knowledge, nonvolatile, reconfigurable, and dynamic Janus metasurfaces by incorporating phase-change material

Ge

2

Se

2

Te

5

(GST) in the terahertz (THz) regime. First, we experimentally show the reversible switching characteristic of GST on large areas by applying a single nanosecond laser pulse, which exhibits excellent contrast of THz properties in both states. Then, we present a multiplex metasurface scheme. In each metasurface, three sets of structures are adopted, in which two sets integrate GST. The effective structures can be reversely modulated by the amorphization and crystallization of GST. As a proof of concept, the dynamic beam splitter, bifocal metalens, dual-mode focusing optical vortex generators, and switchable metalens/focusing optical vortex generators are designed, fabricated, and experimentally characterized, and can be switched reversibly and repeatedly with the help of optical and thermal stimuli. Our scheme will pave the way toward the development of multifunctional and compact THz devices and may find use for applications in THz imaging, sensing, and communications.
An unexpected role for the conserved ADAM-family metalloprotease ADM-2 in Caenorhabditis elegans molting
Authors: Joseph Braveen B. , Edeen Phillip T. , Meadows Sarina , Binti Shaonil , Fay David S.
Published: May 2022

Molting is a widespread developmental process in which the external extracellular matrix (ECM), the cuticle, is remodeled to allow for organismal growth and environmental adaptation. Studies in the nematodeCaenorhabditis eleganshave identified a diverse set of molting-associated factors including signaling molecules, intracellular trafficking regulators, ECM components, and ECM-modifying enzymes such as matrix metalloproteases.C.elegansNEKL-2 and NEKL-3, two conserved members of the NEK family of protein kinases, are essential for molting and promote the endocytosis of environmental steroid-hormone precursors by the epidermis. Steroids in turn drive the cyclic induction of many genes required for molting. Here we report a role for the soleC.elegansADAM–meltrin metalloprotease family member, ADM-2, as a mediator of molting. Loss ofadm-2, including mutations that disrupt the metalloprotease domain, led to the strong suppression of molting defects in partial loss-of-functionneklmutants. ADM-2 is expressed in the epidermis, and its trafficking through the endo-lysosomal network was disrupted after NEKL depletion. We identified the epidermally expressed low-density lipoprotein receptor–related protein, LRP-1, as a candidate target of ADM-2 regulation. Whereas loss of ADM-2 activity led to the upregulation of apical epidermal LRP-1, ADM-2 overexpression caused a reduction in LRP-1 levels. Consistent with this, several mammalian ADAMs, including the meltrin ADAM12, have been shown to regulate mammalian LRP1 via proteolysis. In contrast to mammalian homologs, however, the regulation of LRP-1 by ADM-2 does not appear to involve the metalloprotease function of ADM-2, nor is proteolytic processing of LRP-1 strongly affected inadm-2mutants. Our findings suggest a noncanonical role for an ADAM family member in the regulation of a lipoprotein-like receptor and lead us to propose that endocytic trafficking may be important for both the internalization of factors that promote molting as well as the removal of proteins that can inhibit the process.
Comunicación Corporativa
Authors: Cordón-Benito David , Maestro-Espínola Lidia , Abuín-Vences Natalia
Published: May 2022

En la última década las organizaciones han sido conscientes de cómo la confianza de la sociedad hacia ellas ha mermado a causa de comportamientos poco éticos y escándalos relacionados con la corrupción. Este trabajo se centra en el uso de la comunicación por el museo como institución histórica y de encuentro de comunidades. El objetivo de esta investigación es el de ahondar en la perspectiva relacional de la comunicación corporativa y, de manera específica, en su poder regenerador de confianza y creador de comunidad. La hipótesis establece que, debido al descrédito en las instituciones, los museos han decidido convertir la comunicación corporativa y, en concreto, las relaciones públicas, en una herramienta estratégica para relacionarse con sus stakeholders y mostrarse como lugares de encuentro multicultural. La investigación se basa en una revisión bibliográfica y una metodología cualitativa a través de entrevistas en profundidad a responsables de comunicación de los principales museos españoles madrileños, catalanes y vascos con un mayor número de visitantes en los últimos cinco años. Los resultados muestran que la comunicación se convierte en un elemento estratégico fundamental para que los museos refuercen lazos con sus grupos de interés y generen espacios de diálogo e inclusión entre comunidades minoritarias.
Cirugía robótica endotorácica en la patología de tiroides y paratiroides
Authors: Gómez-Hernández María Teresa , Jiménez-López Marcelo F.
Published: May 2022

Introducción y objetivo: Durante la última década se ha producido una amplia difusión de los abordajes torácicos mínimamente invasivos para el tratamiento de enfermedades pulmonares y mediastínicas. Clásicamente, la patología quirúrgica torácica derivada de afecciones de tiroides y paratiroides ha sido tratada mediante abordajes abiertos como la esternotomía, la cervicoesternotomía y la toracotomía. Sin embargo, en los últimos años, la cirugía robótica ha surgido como una nueva vía de abordaje mínimamente invasiva que aporta resultados similares y ventajas significativas sobre otros abordajes mínimamente invasivos como la laparoscopia y la videotoracoscopia. Su aplicabilidad en el tratamiento quirúrgico de lesiones mediastínicas ha quedado ampliamente demostrada en la literatura. El objetivo del presente artículo es describir las indicaciones de la cirugía robótica torácica en la patología tiroidea y paratiroidea, así como comentar los principales aspectos técnicos relacionados con estos procedimientos.

Síntesis: La cirugía robótica torácica está indicada especialmente en casos de “bocios olvidados” y de bocios ectópicos. En casos de bocios cérvico-mediastínicos el abordaje combinado cervical y torácico robótico ha demostrado ser una opción factible y segura. Por lo que respecta a las.paratiroides ectópicas de localización mediastínica, el abordaje robótico ofrece ventajas significativas como la visión en 3D y la optimización de la maniobrabilidad de instrumentos que facilitan la visualización y disección de la glándula.

Conclusiones: La cirugía robótica constituye un abordaje mínimamente invasivo eficaz y seguro para el tratamiento de la patología tiroidea y paratiroidea de localización mediastínica y podría constituir el abordaje de elección en pacientes con bocios olvidados, bocios ectópicos y adenomas paratiroideos de localización mediastínica.
The activity of Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) extract on Salmonella pullorum infected broilers
Authors: Hidanah Sri , Sabdoningrum Emy Koestanti , Rachmawati Kadek , Soeharsono Soeharsono , Trika Gede Govinda Ananta , Huda Masy' Ariel , Widiati Tsania Putri
Published: May 2022

Background and Aim: Pullorum is an acute and chronic disease caused by Salmonella pullorum, often infecting chicken farms. Pullorum disease treatment using antibiotics that do not follow the control dose can cause bacteria to become antibiotic-resistant. Meniran contributes to inhibiting and antagonizing bacteria and can increase the efficiency of chicken feed because of its bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. This study aimed to determine the activity of Meniran extract (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) in broilers infected with S. pullorum.

Materials and Methods: In vitro study that was conducted includes phytochemical test, diffusion, and dilution methods using Meniran extract at 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40% concentrations and tylosin at 2% concentration. The data of the dilution method (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] and minimum bactericidal concentration [MBC]) were processed using probit analysis to determine LC50. In vivo study was conducted by randomly dividing 20 broilers into five treatment groups, four per group. The chickens (except in group P0–) were infected with S. pullorum aged 14 days. Then, the treatment was conducted according to the divided groups when the chickens were aged 21-34 days. The said treatments are P0– (uninfected S. pullorum and unadministered with Meniran extract), P0+ (infected with S. pullorum and unadministered with Meniran extract), and P1, P2, and P3 (infected with S. pullorum and administered with Meniran extract with 5%, 10%, and 20% concentrations, respectively). Data from the phytochemical test were analyzed as descriptive. The data from the diffusion method were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's test. Then, the results of broilers' performance were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan's test.

Results: The phytochemical test showed positive for alkaloid, tannin, saponin, flavonoid, and steroid/triterpenoid. The diffusion method formed the largest zone at 40% concentration with 15.6 mm, while 20%, 10%, and 5% had average of 13.15 mm, 8.38 mm, and 5.8 mm, respectively. The dilution method (MIC and MBC) exhibited the antibacterial ability of Meniran extract against S. pullorum at 20% dose and LC50 14.118% concentration. The Meniran extract administration in broilers exhibited improved performance of chickens infected with S. pullorum, with the administration of 20% dose of Meniran extract showing the best result.

Conclusion: About 20% concentration Meniran extract can serve as an antibacterial agent and showed the best results in broilers infected with S. pullorum.
A Influência da Pandemia de Covid-19 no Aumento da Obesidade no Brasil: Uma Análise de Produção Científica / The Influence of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Increase in Obesity in Brazil: An Analysis of Scientific Production
Authors: Miranda Elcivan Bezerra , Garcia Jessica Dos Santos
Published: May 2022

A obesidade é considerada como o aumento exacerbado de tecido adiposo podendo causar diversas complicações a saúde. Sua causa é decorrente da combinação de múltiplos fatores. O estudo tem como finalidade mostrar diante a observação de artigos científicos a preponderância da pandemia da Covid-19 no acrescimento da obesidade no Brasil. Refere-se a uma análise de conteúdo que provém de obras científicas a partir de estudos já lançados entre os anos de 2020 a 2022. A obesidade tem sido vista como um preocupante problema de saúde pública, tornou-se umas das predominantes causas e consequências da COVID-19 sendo um fator agravante para casos graves da Covid-19. Além disso a depressão durante e pós a pandemia pode ser um fator determinante para o aumento excessivo do índice de massa corporal (IMC) já que existe uma forte relação entre obesidade e ansiedade. Abstract: Body aesthetics has gained visibility in recent decades with an emphasis on issues related to vanity, mental health and general well-being. In the past, women in their 30s and 40s had enormous concerns when they began to face the first marks of time such as wrinkles and sagging skin, without having effective treatments. The skin, the largest organ of the human body, is the main object of study in the area of aesthetics and this article consists of a literature review in order to analyze micro needling in the treatment of stretch marks in women in the puerperium. To this end, a total of 44 articles were raised, of which 28 were excluded based on titles and abstracts, leaving 16 for full reading, of which only 5 were functional to answer the hypotheses of this research that concludes that micro needling is an effectively safe in the treatment of stretch marks, as long as it is performed by a qualified professional.Keywords: Microneedling; Body esthetics; puerperal women; Stretch marks.
Os Principais Impactos do Bruxismo na Qualidade da Vida Adulta: Revisão Integrativa de Literatura / The Main Impacts of Bruxism on the Quality of Adult Life: Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Santos Milenne Rocha dos , Pinchemel Edite Borges
Published: May 2022

Resumo:O objetivo deste estudo consiste em elaborar uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa de estudo que aborda os principais impactos do bruxismo na vida adulta. O presente estudo se classifica como uma revisão integrativa de literatura, que utilizou como base para sua elucidação estudos publicados entre 2017 a 2022, nas principais bases de dados em periódicos da área de ciências e saúde, online como: PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs e Libary. A condução do estudo partiu mediante o estabelecimento dos critérios de elegibilidade, determinados como estudos transversais de caráter observacional clínico, estudos clínicos randomizados, estudos longitudinais que apresentassem dados relacionados as consequências do bruxismo na vida adulta. Após as buscas foram selecionados 9 artigos que corroboraram e atendiam a pergunta norteadora estabelecida para este estudo. Conclui-se que a manifestação do bruxismo intensifica os fatores predisponentes, pois seu acometimento estimula a nível sistêmico, alterações psicoemocionais além de dor física, desconforto psicológico, incapacidade mentalPalavras-Chave: Bruxismo; Síndrome da Disfunção da articulação temporomandibular; Etiologia; Oclusão dentária.Abstract: The aim of this study is to prepare an integrative bibliographic review of a study that addresses the main impacts of bruxism in adult life. The present study is classified as an integrative literature review, which used as a basis for its elucidation studies published between 2017 and 2022, in the main databases in science and health journals, online such as: PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs and Libary. The conduct of the study started by establishing the eligibility criteria, determined as cross-sectional clinical observational studies, randomized clinical studies, longitudinal studies that presented data related to the consequences of bruxism in adult life. After the searches, 9 articles were selected that corroborated and answered the guiding question established for this study. It is concluded that the manifestation of bruxism intensifies the predisposing factors, As its involvement stimulates at a systemic level, psycho-emotional changes in addition to physical pain, psychological discomfort, mental disability.Keywords: Bruxism; Temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome; Etiology; dental occlusion
Práticas de Tecnologia da Informação Verde em Instituições de Ensino Superior: uma revisão sistemática / Green Information Technology practices in University educational institutions: A sistematic review
Authors: Gomes Kathiane Galdino Maia , Albuquerque José De Lima , Cabral Romilson Marques , Pinho Marco Aurélio Benevides de , Correia-Neto Jorge Da Silva
Published: May 2022

Resumo: O objetivo central do estudo é identificar as práticas de Tecnologia da Informação Verde que têm sido adotadas em Instituições de Ensino Superior. Além das referidas práticas, foram elencadas as dificuldades e os benefícios percebidos em seu processo de implementação. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura publicada entre os anos de 2015 e 2020 nas bases de dados do Portal de Periódicos da Capes e da Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações, sendo selecionados 7 estudos para análise. As práticas de TI Verde mais recorrentes estão voltadas ao gerenciamento de resíduos, com descarte adequado e reciclagem de resíduos eletrônicos. Entre as dificuldades enfrentadas, destaca-se a falta de conhecimento e engajamento sobre a temática de sustentabilidade e TI Verde. Já entre os benefícios percebidos, destacam-se ganhos ambientais e financeiros, relacionados à economia de energia, redução de emissão de CO² na atmosfera, e diminuição de custos com aquisição de TI.Palavras-chave: TI Verde; universidade; ensino superior; revisão sistemática.Abstract: The main objective of the study is to identify the Green Information Technology practices that have been adopted in University education institutions. In addition to the aforementioned practices, the difficulties and benefits perceived in their implementation process were listed. A systematic review of the literature published between 2015 and 2020 was carried out in the databases of the Capes Periodicals Portal and the Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, and 7 studies were selected for analysis. The most recurrent Green IT practices are focused on waste management, with proper disposal and recycling of electronic waste. Among the difficulties faced, the lack of knowledge and engagement about sustainability and Green IT stands out. Among the perceived benefits, environmental and financial gains stand out, related to energy savings, reduction of CO² emission in the atmosphere, and reduction of costs with IT acquisition.Keywords: Green IT, university, University education, sistematic review.
Gira mundos: A Educação Ambiental no mito e o mito na Educação Ambiental
Authors: Castor Katia Gonçalves , Tristão Martha
Published: May 2022

A Educação Ambiental se constitui na relação entre a natureza e a cultura de modo indissociável das relações de poder e de saber. A pesquisa se enreda na tendência da Educação Ambiental complexa, analisa os modos de fabricação das subjetividades imposta pelo discurso neocapitalista. Investiga a racionalidade herdada da sociedade moderna e explora a lógica dos referenciais afrodescendente, em específico as lógicas presentes nos terreiros da Umbanda. Problematiza o mito na Educação Ambiental e a Educação Ambiental no mito, a partir das orixalidades umbandista. Adota a pesquisa narrativa dialogando com TRISTÃO (2012) e SATO; PASSOS (2013) problematiza os processos de subjetivação a partir de FOUCAULT (1996) e busca capturar os saberes sustentáveis da noosfera umbandista MORIN (2005) influenciada por DELEUZE; GUATTARI (1996). Através das giras, seu principal ritual, evidencia como essas lógicas são acionadas para a fabricação de novos modos de percepção da relação entre a cultura e a natureza. Contribuem no processo de investigação para a produção dos dados, a realização de entrevistas abertas e semiestruturadas; o registro em cadernos de bordo; gravações em áudio e vídeo; fotografias e rodas de conversas em encontros com professores e alunos de uma escola pública próxima aos terreiros, onde problematiza os processos e mecanismos de exclusão e violência, materializados em posturas discriminatórias e de negação da cultura afro-brasileira e como essas experiências são partilhadas pelos professores e alunos no contexto de suas práticas. A aposta metodológica foi criar estratégias de narrar experiências da Educação Ambiental em espaços não formais como os espaços dos terreiros da Umbanda e espaços formais como a escola, através das orixalidades em narrativas, na busca de zonas de confiança e na invenção de encontros mais solidários, por escutas mais sutis e híbridas e de novos sentidos de alianças que dissolvam pontos de vistas e desestabilizem discursos do eixo dominante, como forma de exercício do pensamento para abertura de lógicas silenciadas historicamente. Conclui que lógicas complexas incluem as existências infames e obscurecidas pela lógica oficial. Lógicas complexas buscam ver os efeitos dos modos como nós próprios fomos constituídos. A fé-eco-lógica presente nas orixalidades em narrativas potencializou a desconstrução dos regimes de verdade e subverteu a monocultura de lógicas.
De la oralicidad a la lengua oral en los procesos de aprendizaje
Authors: Rodríguez Casallas María del Pilar
Published: May 2022

En Colombia, la enseñanza de la lengua oral no recibe la misma atención que la enseñanza de la lectura y la escritura. La literacidad se entiende como un conjunto de prácticas discursivas, como las diferentes maneras de usar la lengua y dar sentido tanto al habla como a la escritura. Sin embargo, esa inclusión tácita de la oralicidad en la literacidad produjo una exclusión práctica; la invisibilizó del discurso y la práctica académica y obstaculizó la percepción real del problema. Este artículo propone una reflexión sobre la construcción teórica del concepto de la oralicidad y el uso mismo del término, entendido como la toma y el uso consciente y deliberado de la palabra con fines cognitivos, interactivos, creativos, expresivos y transformadores. Para lograr dicha argumentación, se recurrió al enfoque de investigación hermenéutico a través de la relación triádica hermenéutica/lenguaje/educación, donde los sujetos implicados en el acto educativo, estudiantes y docentes (por solo mencionar dos), están cohesionados por el lenguaje que posibilita el aprendizaje. Esto permite reflexionar sobre la construcción del saber a partir del diálogo y la necesidad, entonces, de la oralicidad, cuya base son el lenguaje y la hermenéutica. Se concluye que la incidencia que puede tener la escuela en convertir al alumno en una persona letrada académicamente o en un sujeto discursivo implica la asunción de roles, aspectos cognitivos, formas de hablar, escuchar, interactuar y transformar la sociedad, entendida esta como un todo.
Infancias desplazadas en El mordisco de la medianoche de Francisco Leal Quevedo
Authors: Alzate Alzate Natalia Andrea
Published: May 2022

En este artículo se propone una reflexión sobre la representación de la infancia desplazada en la literatura infantil y juvenil de las últimas décadas en Colombia; puntualmente, se revisa el caso del libro El mordisco de la medianoche de Francisco Leal Quevedo. El objetivo es estudiar, desde una perspectiva de investigación hermenéutico-comprensiva, la historia de la protagonista, Mile, una niña de La Guajira colombiana perteneciente a la comunidad wayúu, figura emblemática del desplazamiento, quien encarna el rol que involuntariamente asumen los niños en estos sucesos, forzada a verlo todo, escucharlo todo y guardar silencio. En el análisis se presenta la subjetividad de la niña de dos maneras: primero, como personaje fronterizo; segundo, como un continuum orgánico que se define por su relación con el mundo animal en cuanto prolongación de lo humano. Se concluye que el personaje infantil y femenino predestinado a la desaparición –por ser indígena, mujer y niña– resiste mediante una voz que se sostiene en el relato para enunciar la violencia y sobrevivir al desarraigo.
Práctica docente y aprendizaje inicial de la lengua escrita
Authors: Gallardo Fernández Isabel , Sánchez Rodríguez Susana
Published: May 2022

Diversos estudios sobre didáctica de la lengua indican que la actuación del profesorado en formación se ve muy influenciada por creencias que pueden resultar refractarias a las orientaciones curriculares y los saberes propios de la investigación. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo mostrar cómo funcionan las prácticas de enseñanza y aprendizaje inicial de la lengua escrita que determina el currículo español. Para ello, se analizaron, bajo una metodología cualitativa que atiende a la perspectiva dialógica de la enseñanza, 71 tareas dirigidas a enseñar a leer y escribir, representativas de tres perfiles diferenciados de práctica docente. Los resultados muestran diferencias en las tareas en cuanto a su tipología, la interacción que generan, los materiales y recursos que entran en juego y los contenidos que desarrollan. Se explicita el interés del conocimiento de prácticas fundamentadas y contextualizadas en la realidad del aula de Infantil y Primaria para el avance del conocimiento del profesorado en formación y el desarrollo profesional docente.
Didáctica de la escucha: disposición y proporcionalidad
Authors: León Suárez Juliana
Published: May 2022

Este artículo presenta los resultados parciales de la investigación doctoral titulada La salvación de la escucha: didáctica de lo bello. Configuraciones didácticas para la formación de sujetos discursivos escuchantes. Su objetivo es postular los componentes de la formación en la escucha como principios didácticos aplicables en diversos contextos educativos y procesos sociales a través de las configuraciones didácticas de la escucha. El dialogismo y la hermenéutica analógica son la base epistemológica de este estudio. Se propone una metodología de investigación propia basada en la hermenéutica de la escucha para analizar tres escenarios distintos y el límite de las condiciones de escucha de a) siete niños y niñas, sordos y oyentes, que crean una obra de danza; b) cuatro expertos profesionales que trabajan con sobrevivientes del conflicto armado en Colombia; y c) un grupo de estudiantes universitarios de danza que deliberan en el marco del Paro Nacional Estudiantil. Los análisis tanto hermenéutico como cruzado de las observaciones de clase en los contextos a y c, así como las entrevistas en profundidad del escenario b, permiten comprender el fenómeno de la escucha desde su multidimensionalidad y conceptualizarla como una virtud. En conclusión, esta investigación deriva en una propuesta didáctica de la escucha para la formación sujetos discursivos sensibles, éticos y deliberantes, basada en la disposición y la proporcionalidad.
Políticas implementadas en escuelas rurales: Análisis bibliométrico internacional (2001-2020)
Authors: Álvarez-Álvarez Carmen , García-Prieto Francisco Javier
Published: May 2022

La escuela rural es una realidad en los cinco continentes, con rasgos característicos propios, aunque muy influenciables por las políticas educativas que se implementan en los diferentes países. En este estudio nos preguntamos cuál es el estado de la investigación sobre la política escolar rural a nivel internacional, para lo que realizamos un análisis bibliométrico de los artículos científicos publicados en los últimos veinte años. Los resultados revelan la existencia de 20 estudios, en los que examinamos las propensiones investigadoras y las políticas analizadas. Identificamos una clara tendencia de investigación: predominio de estudios cualitativos dirigidos a examinar políticas que se están implementando con participación del profesorado. Asimismo, las políticas educativas examinadas se inician en el ámbito de la salud y el curriculum, y se han ido diversificando hacia la gestión escolar, las políticas nacionales y supranacionales y la equidad. Cabe concluir que estamos ante un campo incipiente como objeto de estudio en el que están apareciendo diferentes estudios disgregados que no revelan cuáles son las principales políticas a asumir en las escuelas rurales para que puedan desarrollar una identidad y autonomía propia.
Performance, carcass and meat quality of broilers raised at a high stocking density and supplemented with encapsulated Cosmos caudatus K. leaf extract
Authors: Pawesti S. D. , Widiastuti E. , Murwani R. , Wahyuni H. I. , Yudiarti T. , Sartono T. A. , Sugiharto S.
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of supplementation of encapsulated Cosmos cau-datus K. leaf extract (ECLE) on performance, carcass and meat quality of broilers at high density pens. Three hundred and seventy broiler chicks were divided into 5 treatments and 5 replications. The treat-ment was conducted on days 15 to 42 in T0 group (10 chicks/m2 + basal feed), T1 (16 chicks/m2 + ba-sal feed), T2 (16 chicks/m2 + basal feed containing ECLE 0.5 g/kg feed), T3 (16 chicks/m2 + ECLE 1.0 g/kg feed), and T4 (16 head/m2 + ECLE 1.5 g/kg feed). ECLE reduced feed consumption, increased body weight gain, improved feed conversion ratio (FCR), increased the European Production Efficien-cy Factor (EPEF) and European Broiler Index (EBI) in T2 and T3 (P<0.05). Carcass weight and per-centage were increased in T3 and T4 (P<0.05). Breast percentage was higher (P<0.05) in T0, T1 and T2; wing and thigh percentages were higher (P<0.05) in T3 and T4; drumstick and giblet percentages were lower (P<0.05) in T3. Drumstick’s pH were higher (P<0.05) in T2, T3 and T4. Thigh fat de-creased (P<0.05) at T4. The redness (a*) in T3 and T4 were significantly better. Overall, at high densi-ty pens, ECLE at 0.5 g/kg feed enhanced broiler performance, carcass percentage, and breast meat quality.
Effect of addition of different citrus juice on the quality of se'i made from the meat of cull Bali cows with different body condition scores
Authors: Malelak G. E. M. , Jelantik I. G. N.
Published: May 2022

Various attempts are required to improve the quality of se’i as a traditional beef processed product from The Province of East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, since the raw beef commonly used is from thin cull Bali cows. Using raw beef from fatter cows may improve the quality of se’i, but the addition of organic acids such as different citric juices may also improve the quality of se’i. This research aimed to evaluate the quality of se’i processed from beef of cull Bali cows with different body condition scores (BCS) and added citrus juice (CJ) during marination to improve aroma, reduce lipid oxidation and bac-terial contamination. A completely randomized design (CRD) with a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement was assigned in this study. The first factor was the BCS of the cull cow i.e., BCS2, BCS3, and BCS4. The second factor was citrus juice, i.e. no citrus juice as control (NC), Lime juice (LJ), and Kaffir lime juice (KLJ). Results showed that the addition of KLJ improved the aroma and acceptability of se’i, but the addition of LJ failed to improve those parameters in BCS 2. In all BCS, the addition of lime or kaffir lime juice reduced the pH, residual nitrite, lipid oxidation, and the total plate count (TPC). How-ever, in BCS 4 only KLJ reduced the pH but it did not reduce the residual nitrite. In conclusion, the addition of KLJ was more effective to improve the sensory value of se’i, particularly when it was made from thin cull Bali cows (BCS 2). Meanwhile, to improve the shelf-life and the food safety of se’i as indicated by the ability to reduce the residual nitrite and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) in Se'I, the addition of LJ proven to be more effective than KLJ. To produce the highest qual-ity of se’i, it is suggested to process beef from fat cull Bali cows (BCS 4) with the addition of lime juice for best sensory quality or with the addition of lime juice for longer shelf-life and minimum bac-terial contamination.
Effects of yellow mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor) and turmeric powder (curcuma) on laying hens performance, physical and nutritional eggs quality
Authors: Ait-Kaki A. , Chebli Y. , El Otmani S. , Moula N.
Published: May 2022

Soybean meal is the main source of protein in laying hens’ diet that is generally imported. This study aims to explore the yellow mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor) “TM”, and curcuma effects on laying hens’ performances, and physical and nutritional eggs quality. One hundred laying hens were divided randomly into 4 groups. The first group (Control) received a standard commercial diet (SCD), while test groups (TM, TP, and TM-TP) received SCD with respectively 5% TM, 0.50 % curcuma, and 5% TM and 0.50% curcuma. According to the results, Control and TM reduced significantly hen’s bodyweight in the experiment end. However, the curcuma incorporation and TM (TP and TM-TP) kept the stability of bodyweight during the whole period. No effect of diet was observed on feed intake and egg laying rate. Diet had a significant effect on eggs physical parameters (weight, freshness, thickness and rupture force). The mixture of TM and curcuma permitted eggs with good physical parameters. For nutritional quality of eggs, all groups had the same content of ALA and DHA. However, eggs of group receiving a mixture of TM and curcuma had the lowest cholesterol content. Thus, TM and curcuma could reduce soybean importation dependence with improving eggs quality.
Genetic diversity of fowl adenovirus serotype 8b isolated from cases of inclusion body hepatitis in commercial broiler chickens
Authors: Sohaimi N. M. , Clifford U. C. , Hair-Bejo M.
Published: May 2022

Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) is a devastating disease of chickens caused by Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) and molecular studies of hexon gene is important for classification of FAdV isolates, epidemiology of IBH infection and development of effective control strategy. The objective of the study was to molecularly characterize FAdV isolates obtained from the field outbreaks of IBH in broiler chicken from 2017 to 2019. Liver and gizzard samples named UPM1701, UPM1801, UPM1802, UPM1901 and UPM1902 were collected and processed for FAdV detection and characterization by PCR. Swollen, necrotic and haemorrhagic liver; erosion of koilin layer of gizzard and enlargement of the proventriculus were observed. The samples were positive for FAdV with 98% to 100% identical to serotype 8b reference strains based on NCBI Blast. Thirty-one nucleotide changes that produced 10 amino acid substitutions were observed in L1 loop region of UPM1701, UPM1901 and UPM1902 isolates. All isolates clustered together with FAdV 8b reference strains and shared common ancestor with UPM1137E2 and UPM04217. Gizzard erosion in FAdV 8b infection is not common and conciding with mutations indicate evolving novel pathogenicity. These mutations could have effect on the epidemiology of IBH and be useful in designing effective prevention and control strategy.
Systematic Review: Protective Factors from the Risks of Stunting in Breastfeeding Period
Authors: Rachmayanti Riris Diana , Kevaladandra Zulfa , Ibnu Faisal , Khamidah Nur
Published: May 2022

Background: Stunting is a chronic nutrition condition marked by improper growth of body height compared to one’s age. One of the factors that affect stunting is exclusive breastfeeding as breast milk contains macronutrients, micronutrients, and bioactive substances to support the growth and development of children under five and act as an anti-infection. Non-optimal breastfeeding causes children to have inadequate nutrition intake and body immunity, which may result in malnutrition and stunting. This study aims to identify the effects of exclusive breastfeeding on the incidence of stunting in children under five.Method: A systematic review was conducted using eight indexed articles with keywords of "Stunting", "ASI Eksklusif" (t/n: Exclusive Breastfeeding), "Gizi Ibu dan Anak (t/n: Nutrition of Mothers and Children)", "Stunting pada Balita (t/n: Stunting in Children Under 5)", "Exclusive Breastfeeding", "Nutritional Status and Exclusive Breastfeeding", and PICOT. Articles published within the last seven years (2014-2020) were selected. The articles should address health education to mothers with children aged < 5 years old without a control group, and should show a relation between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting. Besides, they should be analytical and observational research written in English and Indonesian.  Results: Eight articles selected overall showed that exclusive breastfeeding was significantly related to the incidence of stunting in children under five. Exclusive breastfeeding is protection against stunting as breast milk contains nutritions that can increase body immunity, prevent infection, and nutritional substances for optimal growth and protection from the risks of chronic diseases. Exclusive breastfeeding is one of the significant factors that affects stunting in children under five.
Synthesis, microstructure, and phase transition characteristics of Gd/Nd-doped nano VO2 powders
Authors: Wang Bin , Zhao Dandan , Du Jinjing , Li Linbo , Zhu Jun , Wang Chao
Published: May 2022

The nano VO2 powders were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis. The effects of Gd and Nd element doping on the structure and phase transition temperature of VO2 were studied. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed that Gd element and Nd element will affect the structure of VO2. Gd3+ and Nd3+ can occupy partial position of V4+ lattice and form solid solution, increasing the lattice parameters of VO2. Both the doped and un-doped VO2 powders exhibit a monoclinic structure at room temperature. Due to the lattice deformation caused by Gd or Nd doping, the aggregation of particles is prevented, and the grain is refined obviously. Differential scanning calorimetry curves showed that both Gd doping and Nd doping can reduce the phase transition temperature of VO2(M). When the Gd doping concentration is 6 at%, the phase transition temperature can be reduced from 71.7°C to 60.3°C, and the infrared transmittance before and after the phase transition also changes significantly, reaching more than 40%. Nd doping is similar, and the phase transition temperature decreased to 55.6°C with the addition of 9 at% Nd.