bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immediate results of rectal resections for cancer in depending on the restoration of the integrity of the pelvic peritoneal floor: retrospective study
Authors: Lebedko M.  S. , Gordeev S.  S. , Gaydarov S.   G. , Mamedli Z.   Z. , Kosyrev V.  Yu. , Aniskin A.  A. , Kochkina S.  O.
Published: March 2022

Background. Colorectal anastomotic leakage remains on of the most significant challenges in rectal surgery.Objective: to assess the impact of pelvic peritoneal floor reconstruction on the incidence of postoperative complications associated with colorectal anastomosis.Materials and methods. In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed medical records of rectal cancer patients who had undergone rectal resection with anastomosis formation between 2013 and 2020. we compared patients who had no pelvic peritoneal floor reconstruction (from 2013 to 2017) and those who had it (2018–2020). Only patients with favorable prognosis (tumor located at least 5 cm above the transitional anal fold and no history of chemoradiotherapy) were included. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of peritonitis and colorectal anastomosis leakage. Secondary outcome measures included overall incidence of complications (Clavien–Dindo), mortality rate, blood loss, and duration of surgery.Results. A total of 120 patients were included into the experimental group, while the control group was composed of 125 patients. Ten patients from the control group developed peritonitis (8.0 %), whereas in the experimental group, there were no cases of peritonitis (p = 0.002). Anastomotic leakage was registered in 12 individuals from the experimental group (12.5 %) and 14 controls (11.2 %) (p = 0.753). The overall incidence of postoperative complications was 23.3 % (n = 28) among patients who had pelvic peritoneal floor reconstruction and 18.4 % (n = 23) among those who did not have it (p = 0.342). Colostomy was required in 92 patients from the experimental group (76.7 %) and 78 patients from the control group (62.4 %) (p = 0.018). The postoperative mortality was 0.8 % in the control group (n = 1) and 0 % in the experimental group (p = 1).Conclusion. Pelvic peritoneal floor reconstruction reduces the risk of peritonitis, but does not affect the overall risk of anastomotic leakage. This method is effective for the prevention of severe postoperative complications.
Aflibercept as a treatment for malignant tumors
Authors: Ivanov V.  A. , Gordeev S.  S.
Published: March 2022

Targeted therapy for colorectal cancer usually includes anti-vEgf and anti-EgfR antibodies. The initiation of first-line therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer depends on the baseline patient’s characteristics, tumor spread, and its mutational status. Despite the wide range of possible combinations of these factors, an oncologist should choose between standard platinum-based chemotherapy regimens and combination of similar chemotherapeutic agents with bevacizumab or cetuximab. Disease progression after first-line therapy poses a dilemma to an oncologist, since the range of potentially beneficial targeted drugs or immunotherapeutic agents is much wider along with the lack of sufficient evidence. This article focuses on the efficacy of aflibercept as a second-line treatment for colorectal cancer, indications for its use, and outlooks.
Pancreatic leiomyosarcoma: a case report
Authors: Nikulin M.  P. , Yugay V.   V. , Kozlov N.  A. , Arkhiri P.  P. , Gabrava M.  M. , Magamedova S.  S. , Stilidi I.  S.
Published: March 2022

Primary pancreatic leiomyosarcoma belongs to a rare group of malignant soft tissue tumors. we present a clinical case of a 61-year-old patient who underwent hemipancreatectomy with splenectomy for a pancreatic tumor in 2018. Histological and immunohistochemical studies confirmed the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma. for three years, the patient has been observed at the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of ministry of Health of Russia without signs of progression.
Forecasting Landfilling Indicators Of Municipal Waste In Greece Using Univariate Time-series Model
Authors: Liotiris Christos , Andreopoulou Zacharoula
Published: March 2022

Implementation of environmental policies, is one of the European Commission's key priorities, as confirmed by its proposal for the 7th Environment Action Programme and the Roadmap to a resource-efficient Europe. Subsequently, the European Union revised its waste legislation to address these challenges more adequately. As a result, the EU's Waste Framework Directive and Landfill Directive set binding targets for recycling municipal waste and diverting biodegradable municipal waste from landfills. This paper deals with the monitoring of municipal waste management operations in Greece, in terms of technical content and ability to reach the targets of the initiatives. In addition, a more detailed report on waste indicators published by Eurostat will be based on an Exploratory Data Analysis and on a Univariate time-series prediction model. Finally, the overall aim of this study is to gain maximum insight into the data and understand its underlying structure through graphical representation, to achieve the most accurate forecast for the landfilling operation.
AN INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF INITIAL BUBBLE DIAMETER ON THE BUBBLE TRAJECTORY IN THE FLOTATION COLUMN CELL USING CFD SIMULATION
Authors: Khorasanizadeh Narjes , Karamoozian Mohammad , Nouri-Bidgoli Hossein
Published: March 2022

The effect of initial bubble diameter on the bubble motion pattern in a flotation column has been studied by the twophase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The two-phase simulations have been done using the volume of a fluid (VOF) model in ANSYS® Fluent® software. The computational field was a square cross-section column with a width of 0.1 m and a height of 1 m into which air was interred as a single bubble from the lower part of the column by an internal sparger. An experimental test has been also performed and the simulated results have been validated using the values obtained for the bubble rise velocity. A comparison of the simulation and the experimental results has confirmed that CFD can predict the bubble rise velocity profile and its value in the flotation column less than 5% relative to the experimental values. Then the simulations have been repeated with a 20% decrease and increase in the initial bubble diameter to investigate the effect of bubble diameter on the bubble flow pattern. The investigations have shown that as the bubble diameter increases, the velocity decreases and the bubble rises in a more zigzag direction as a result of two counter-rotating trailing vortices behind the bubble increasing.
Evaluation of denture adhesive cream properties depending on the contact area between denture base and oral mucosa
Authors: Mokrenko Evgeniy V. , Kostritskiy Igor Yu. , Klyushnikov Oleg V. , Podkorytov Yuriy M. , Poltavchenko Maxim N. , Kudryakov Vladislav I.
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: The relevance of this study is that in many countries around the world, and in Russia in particular, the increasing trend toward an aging of population makes problems in dentistry urgent, among which the significant increase in the use of removable dentures is important. The probability of the complete or partial loss of their own teeth is increasing, therefore, the number of removable dentures and the problem of stabilization, adaptation and fixation arises. Factors such as the stabilization and fixation of removable dentures depend on certain anatomical conditions of the denture bed, but due to the lack of optimal conditions, especially in patients with a complete lack of teeth, the latter have to resort to additional means (adhesives) that are used to improve the fixation of removable dentures.
AIM: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the adhesive properties of the preparation for fixation during prosthetics with removable structures, depending on the area of the base adjacent to the prosthetic bed.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Was used a device consisted of a laboratory tripod, a coil, a metal cylinder and a plastic disc are presented in the aricle. However, the bottom of a cylinder is lined with bioskin that simulates oral mucosa tissues. A dynamometer with an option to measure maximum results was used to measure the adhesion force. The adhesive properties of adhesive cream, containing carboxymethyl cellulose and Poly (methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid) were evaluated in 3 stages. Adhesion was examined on a dry surface, on a surface moistened with distilled water, and on a surface moistened with artificial saliva. First, the adhesion value was determined immediately after application of the fixation cream and then after 2 minutes of exposure to the adhesive cream.
RESULTS: It was found that the contact area of the denture base and oral mucosa equal 55,6%, is the limit percentage of the nonconformity, that can be compensated by using Corega adhesive cream (GSK, UK) only with sufficient moisture content of the oral mucosa and a two-minute exposure of the denture adhesive.
CONCLUSIONS: The adhesion strength of the means for fixing removable prostheses increases after wetting the studied surfaces. It is established that the symmetry of non-congruent sections on the basis of the prosthesis can increase the adhesive stability of the entire removable structure.
Experience in the use of dental plaque removal using low-frequency ultrasound and ozonated contact medium in the treatment of catarrhal gingivitis in young people
Authors: Mkhoyan Gayane R. , Razumova Svetlana N. , Volkov Alexander G. , Dikopova Natalya Zh. , Volovikov Oleg I. , Akhmedbaeva Sevara S.-K.
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory periodontal diseases in the world affect from 80 to 100% of the adult population, therefore, the issues of timely prevention of the development of destructive changes in periodontal tissues and the treatment of gingivitis in young people are of great practical importance. Currently, extensive research is being conducted in the field of periodontics, new methods of treatment are being proposed, but a wide arsenal of applied means is not always effective, its use often leads only to short-term improvement, therefore, the problem of treatment remains relevant and necessitates the development and improvement of means and methods that contribute to the relief of the inflammatory process and increase the remission period.
AIM: To investigate the effectiveness of removing dental plaque using low-frequency ultrasound and an ozonized contact medium in the treatment of catarrhal gingivitis of young people.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: 54 patients (age, aged 1822 years) of RUDN University were examined and treated for chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis. All patients were divided into two groups of 27 people each. In the first group (control group), dental plaque was removed without ozonation of the contact medium. In the second group, dental deposits were removed with ozonation of the contact medium. Hygiene level was assessed using the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index. The intensity of inflammation was assessed using the papillarymarginalalveolar index.
RESULTS: The papilla bleeding index was used to assess bleeding gums. The resistance of capillaries to vacuum was determined according to the method of Kulazhenko using the auditory-verbal learning test-DESNA device. Rheoparodontograms were assessed qualitatively and quantitatively.
CONCLUSION: Removal of dental plaque using ozonized water as a contact medium helped reduce inflammation, normalize local blood circulation in the periodontium, lengthen the remission period, and stabilize the process.
Features of the ejection and topography of the distribution of metal particles of a destroyed projectile after overcoming an obstacle made of triplex glass of a car
Authors: Leonov Sergey V. , Pinchuk Pavel V. , Suhareva Marina A. , Shakiryanova Juliya P. , Shishkin Yuri Yu.
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: The article describes experimental studies aimed at studying the features of post-retrograde gunshot trauma using the latest modern methods of forensic medical research.
AIMS: The aim of the work was to study the nature of the distribution of metal particles of a destroyed firearm projectile after passing through an obstacle ― triplex glass.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: As a barrier, car windshield triplex windows are used, located at an angle of 60 to the aiming line. The shots were fired from the Saiga-MK carbine with 5.4539 BPZ FMJ cartridges. During the experiments, shots were fired from a distance of 10 m (a total of 30 shots were fired). White cotton fabric (calico) with dimensions of 100150 cm, fixed on a chipboard, was used as targets. The distance between the target and the barrier was 100 cm. The targets were studied using a scanning electron microscope Hitachi FlexSem 1000 II and an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer Bruker Quantax 80. In the course of the experiment, high-speed video shooting was carried out with a Sony RX0 video camera with a frequency of 1000 fps.
RESULTS: A frame-by-frame study of the obtained video recordings showed that the deviation of the flight of the projectile fragments from the original trajectory was up to 10 side of the normal to the back surface of the glass. The fragments of the projectile, having overcome the barrier, moved in stages, in 3 phases: overcoming the barrier, ejecting fragments in the form of a cone, breaking through the target and retrograde movement of the fragments of the barrier. The scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectroscopy studies showed that the topography and morphology of the distribution of metals on the target surface correspond to the data of the analysis of the movement of parts of a firearm during high-speed video shooting. The metal alloy found on the target contained the following elements: plumbum (Pb), cuprum (Cu), antimony (Sb), and kalium (K).
CONCLUSION: When conducting an experimental study, it was found that various types of particles that were destroyed during the passage of the barrier, a firearm projectile, are registered on the surface of the target. The nature of the particle distribution and their morphology are very specific, and most likely a qualitative assessment of the projectile particles on the target will allow us to determine the distance of the shot beyond the barrier.
Double exponential model of corpse cooling under conditions of linearly varying ambient temperature
Authors: Nedugov German V.
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: The main condition for the correctness of determining the postmortem interval by the method of thermometry of the deep tissues of the corpse is the constancy of the ambient temperature. This condition significantly limits the range of application of the method. The priority of thermometry of the core of the body in the diagnosis of prescription of death is explained by the slower cooling of deep tissues, which allows to increase the duration of the postmortem interval available for diagnosis, and less exposure to the influence of various random factors on the cooling process. The finite element models proposed recently can take into account almost all essential cooling conditions, including changes in ambient temperature, however, due to their high complexity, they require serious physical and mathematical training and technical skills, expensive software and postmortem computed tomography. For these reasons, they have not yet found wide application in expert practice.
In this article, a mathematical model of cooling the core of a corpse at a linearly varying ambient temperature is proposed.
AIMS: Construction a mathematical model of cooling the core of a corpse based on the Marshall-Hoare phenomenological law under conditions of linearly varying external temperature, to find a numerical algorithm for solving the model and to develop a computer program that implements it.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A direct analytical modeling of the corpse cooling under conditions of linearly varying ambient temperature was carried out, performed on the basis of the Marshall-Hoare phenomenological cooling law and focused on solving the problem of determination of the postmortem interval by rectal or cranioencephalic temperature.
RESULTS: A mathematical model of cooling the core of a corpse under conditions of linearly varying ambient temperature has been developed. The chord method is proposed as a numerical algorithm for solving this model. The developed mathematical model and an iterative algorithm for its solution, as well as procedures for calculating interval estimates of the postmortem interval, are implemented in the C# language in the format of the Warm Bodies MHNH computer program.
CONCLUSIONS: It is advisable to use the proposed model and the program implementing it in forensic medical expert practice when determining the postmortem interval by the rectal or cranioencephalic temperature of a corpse in conditions of linearly varying ambient temperature.
Determination of the order of damage to a cotton cloth moistened with water when fired from a Glock 17 pistol
Authors: Stepanov Sergey A. , Krupin Konstantin N. , Globa Irina V. , Maksimov Aleksandr V. , Kislov Maxim A.
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: To determine the order of the shot from a firearm, the presence of soot deposits and additional factors of the shot on the surface of the fabric is investigated. These signs were detected and tested on dry targets, but not studied on a wet target. There is no data in the available literature that allows determining the order of a shot on a water-soaked target. AIMS: To identify morphological differences between gunshot wounds of dry and water-soaked tissue. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For the experiment, a target object made of cotton calico was used; a Glock 17 pistol; 919 Parabellum cartridges. There were two groups of targets ― moistened with running water from a spray gun and dry. After impregnation, the fabric was hung in a vertical position on a thick cardboard substrate, and then a shot was fired. The firearm (Glock 17) was fixed on the frame, the muzzle end was directed towards the target at an angle of 90. Shots were fired from a distance of 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm and further in increments of 10 cm to 100 cm inclusive. At each distance, 10 shots were fired, from which 3 targets were selected that had the most pronounced morphological changes: thermally altered fibers on the front surface of the target, along the edge of the gunshot injury, along the depth of penetration of the wiping belt. After that, the barrel of the firearm was cleaned. The study of the affected targets was carried out using a Leica M125 stereomicroscope. The results obtained during the experiment were entered into the MS Excel table where statistical processing was performed. A conditional probability was calculated for each feature. The diagnostic coefficient (DC) was calculated, and the Kulbak formula was used to assess the informativeness of the selected features. RESULTS: It was revealed that signs of thermal action and the deposition of soot on the front side of the target are found on dry targets. Thermally altered filaments were not detected on wet targets, and the products of the shot penetrate the inter-fiber space. The thermal effect is manifested by the formation of flask-like and hemp-like endings of the fibers of the threads along the edge of the gunshot injury. CONCLUSION: The detection of signs of thermal exposure, as well as the deposition of soot only on the front surface of the target, suggests that the shot was fired into a dry cloth. Penetration of the products forming the metallization belt into the inter-fiber space, as well as the absence of thermally altered threads, is characteristic of gunshot damage to wet targets. Described changes in the protocol for registration of morphological lesions in the presence of an expert. The results of this study provide a better situational expertise.
The relationship of security needs with irrational beliefs among medical students
Authors: Koryagina I. I. , Maralov V. G. , Sitarov V. A.
Published: March 2022

Introduction. Irrational beliefs as distortions in the perception of reality are characteristic of the representatives of many professions, including medical professionals. Effective work to overcome them, which should begin at the training stage, can be carried out only if the nature of the relationship between irrational beliefs and different factors, where needs, including security needs, playing an important role, is identified

Aim. The current research aims to identify the relationship between security needs and irrational beliefs among medical students.

Research methodology. The authors tested the hypothesis of the relationship between the need for danger and the beliefs of the antisocial and aggressive types, the need for security with the beliefs of the dependent and avoidant types, the need for security with the beliefs of the obsessive-compulsive type, taking into account the gender and age of students. The study involved 277 (70 males and 197 females) junior and senior students of the Ivanovo State Medical Academy, with an average age of 19.25 ± 2.41 years old. As a diagnostic tool, the questionnaire developed by the authors was used to identify the needs for danger and safety as well as a list of irrational beliefs of A. Beck and A. Freeman.

Results and scientific novelty. As a result, it was found that there were no significant differences in the studied parameters among both men and women. Both of them showed a positive relationship of irrational beliefs of the obsessive-compulsive type with the need for safety and a negative relationship with the need for danger, and beliefs of the dependent type – with the need for safety. Differences were found depending on the age. The need for security was negatively associated with anti-social beliefs among first-year students, and with passive- aggressive beliefs among senior students. The need for security among first-year students is positively correlated with the beliefs of the dependent type, and among senior students – with the beliefs of the avoidant type.

Practical significance. The results obtained significantly supplement the data available in psychology on the role of irrational beliefs in meeting security needs. The research findings can also be used in the process of professional training of future medical students as well as in the work of the psychological service of universities.
Philosophy in mass education system: Teaching as a mimetic practice
Authors: Pavlovskij A. I.
Published: March 2022

Introduction. The article tackles the problem of changing the role and place of philosophy in the mass education system. Today, mass education is closely connected with pragmatisation and technologisation; and these two processes spawn a concern whether it is useful to study philosophy, and, as a consequence, an aspiration to transform the understanding of teaching itself.

Aim. The aim of the present paper was to reconceptualise the bespoke teaching experience within the framework of personalised academic tracks launched in the University of Tyumen in an attempt to address the problem.

Methodology and research methods. The theoretical part of the research lays out the foundation of philosophy teaching as a mimetic practice based on a methodology, which is developed through the following concepts: the dichotomy of E. Giddens’ practical and discursive consciousness, M. Polanyi’s tacit knowledge, E. Mach’s economy of thought, and C. Wulf’s mimesis. This was a starting point of a philosophy teaching practice that was tested on a batch of students, approximately a quarter of which agreed to take an anonymous survey about the process and the results of the joined work.

Results and scientific novelty. A draft of a conceptual foundation of mass philosophy teaching in the current context is laid out. At the core of the process, there is a mimetic transfer of tacit knowledge, ensuring a skill to philosophise. This process presupposes an interaction of four actors: a teacher, a student, a text and a group of students. The lecture is a demonstration of a personal philosophic style, and the Socratic seminar is a joint practice with an unpredictable finale. In this practice, there is a system, where the teacher is an inquiring moderator launching the student’s personal search, the text provides a connection with a philosophic tradition, and the group – with the everyday life. The survey showed that this approach is effective: students like the process, they understand the connection of the philosophical ideas with the real life, and they track the level of their own understanding of philosophical texts.

Practical significance. The research results may be useful for other philosophy teachers who on the basis of this study may adjust their teaching practices to a mass philosophy course delivered in the current conditions; and for further development of the theory, first and foremost, in terms of formulating the philosophical content being used.
The Impact of Edible Film Coatings With Lemon and Orange Peel Extracts on Microbiological Quality and Shelf-Life of Squid (Loligo vulgaris) Rings and Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Fillets
Authors: KILINÇ Berna , SÜRENGİL Göknur , YALÇIN Tansel
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study is to produce edible films with antimicrobial properties by using the discarded fruit peels (orange and lemon) as extracts and to determine the effect on shelf life of rainbow trout fillets and squid rings. For this purpose, antimicrobial edible films were performed the orange and lemon peels extracts by using xanthan, locust bean and carrageenan gums. Rainbow trout fillets (Oncorhynchus mykiss 1792) and squid rings (Loligo vulgaris 1798) were covered with this antimicrobial edible films from discarded fruit peels to extend the shelf-life of these products. As a result, total mesophilic bacteria count (TMC) of squid rings (CS) exceeded the microbiological limit of the consumption on day 6, whereas TMC of squid rings covered with limon peel+locust bean (LLS) and limon peel+carrageenan (LKS) did not exceed this limit on day 8. This study gave rise to not only can be produced of functional products from the fishery products but also the fruit peels residues can also be evaluated for this purpose. The results of this study can be evaluated by seafood and fruit juice processing plants as well as food producers.
The presumption of paternity in the Soviet law
Authors: Lekanova Ekaterina E.
Published: March 2022

The exploring of the legal regulation of the presumption of paternity in Soviet law is relevant because of the fact that in 2017 - 2019 the State Duma of the Russian Federation considered a bill on the return of the administrative overcoming of the presumption of paternity to the Russian Family Code in the version that was in force on the territory of the USSR from 1984 to 1991 and in the Russian Federation from 1996 to 1997. The bill was rejected, but not because society did not need to administratively overcome the presumption of paternity, but because of the human factor of the initiators of the bill, who stopped this law-making process halfway through without good reason. The article carries out a comparative legal analysis of Soviet and modern Russian legislation. In sum, the administrative overcoming of the presumption of paternity corresponds to the principle of procedural economy, protects men from unfair parenting in relation to a not own child from the moment of registration of a child to the moment of contesting paternity, prevents long-term negative communication between the mother of the child, her husband and the biological father of the child in the process of litigation to contest paternity. It is advisable to return to modern legislation the possibility of administratively overcoming the presumption of paternity by submitting an application of the child’s mother and her husband (ex-husband) to the registry office.
Особенности ранних дезадаптивных схем будущих психологов в зависимости от возрастного периода
Authors: Petrovskaya Tatiana Y.
Published: March 2022

The article discusses the age characteristics of early maladaptive schemes (EMS) of students of psychological specialties. In order to determine the EMS of psychology students, the questionnaire «Diagnostics of early maladaptive schemes of J. Young» was used. Empirically the specific EMS complexes of future psychologists in adult and adolescence were identified. Differences in the EMS of students in the sub-periods of adolescence and adulthood have been statistically proven. With age, psychology students decrease the severity of vulnerability, uncertainty and stability of relations, and the level of differentiation of identity increases. In the transitional period of adulthood, future psychologists are the least inclined to self-sacrifice and obedience to rigid rules.
Negative Continuity in Family Law: A Few Touches to an Expressionist Portrait
Authors: Tarusina Nadezhda N.
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the legislation of the 30s and 40s regarding marriage and the family - the rejection of legal recognition and the identification of the actual protection of marriage, the establishment of a very strict and consistent divorce procedure, the appeal to the truncated status of children born out of wedlock. Its review and evaluation is offered. Emphasis and statements are made on those normative-legal components of the legislation, which, either in full or in a significantly truncated version, are adopted, within the framework of continuity, by subsequent legislative decisions. In particular, we are talking about the continuing, despite legislative initiatives, denial of the need for at least partial protection of the interests of actual spouses (especially those with common children), about “rudimentary echoes” in modern norms on the judicial establishment of paternity of negative (regressive) decisions of the 40s , as well as a specific public component of the divorce process, which obliges the court to decide on issues not declared by the parties. It is emphasized that the effectiveness of strict legislation in the field of marriage and family is apparent and socially harmful, does not correspond to the nature and essence of family relations.
The Role of Vitus Bering in the Implementation of the Geopolitical Plans of Peter the Great
Authors: Ierusalimskiy Yuri Yu. , Davydov Vyacheslav V.
Published: March 2022

This article is devoted to the study of the role of Vitus Bering in the implementation of the geopolitical plans of Emperor Peter I. On the basis of research literature and historical sources, Bering’s biography, his entry into the Russian service, and participation in hostilities in the Baltic and Azov Seas are revealed. The motives of the choice of the commander of the First Kamchatka Expedition from two applicants: V. Bering and K. von Verden are analyzed in detail. The tasks set by Peter I to V. Bering, their connection with the general goals of Russian foreign policy of the first third of the 18th century, are clarified. Bering’s desire to always strive for the strict observance of the Tsar’s decrees, his honesty and disinterestedness were noted
Controller Modeling of a Quadrotor
Authors: Herrera-Granda Erick P. , Lorente-Leyva Leandro L. , Yambay Jenny , Aranguren Jesús , Ibarra Marcelo , Peña Julio
Published: March 2022

Dynamic modeling and control are research fields that hake kept the attention of researchers over the last decades. In this paper we describe a detailed approach to model, design and simulate a feedback controller for a quadrotor with the aim of giving the reader a detailed procedure to obtain the dynamic model and link this model with a controller design strategy. For this purpose, the dynamic model of the Parrot AR. Drone 2.0 was obtained using the Newton-Euler formulations. Next, the model was converted to the state space, and it was linearized to get the equations to perform a controller gain estimation process. Finally, the performance of state feedback controller visualized for both the linear and nonlinear models. Results shown that, the challenging goal of stabilizing the quadrotor at a desired trajectory, in short time without overshoot problems, can be achieved by means of a simple control strategy.
Effective Intrusion Detection System Using Classifier Ensembles
Authors: Govindarajan Muthukumarasamy
Published: March 2022

The problem of network intrusion detection poses innumerable challenges to the research community, industry, and commercial sectors. Moreover, the persistent attacks occurring on the cyber-threat landscape compel researchers to devise robust approaches in order to address the recurring problem. Given the presence of huge web traffic, standard machine learning approaches are rather inefficient if adapted in network intrusion detection areas. Instead, a hybrid multiple classifier model when attempted enhances the performance henceforth leading to valid predictions. Thus, novel ensemble approaches are presented in this research work that involves bagged homogeneous classifier ensembles and arcing of heterogeneous ensembles. Then the classification performances of classifier models are assessed using accuracy. Here, classifier ensemble is built using base classifiers such as RBF and SVM. The feasibleness and the advantages of the proposed approaches are illustrated with the help of existing intrusion detection dataset. pre-processing phase, classification phase and combining phase are the three major phases of this proposed method. A broad series of analogous experiments are done for standard dataset of intrusion detection. Furthermore, comparisons with previous work on standard dataset of intrusion detection are also exhibited. The experimental outcomes demonstrate that this proposed ensemble approaches are competitive.
Medicinal Plants used as Abortifacient among Karbis of Assam, India
Authors: Terangpi Reena , Yasmin Farishta
Published: March 2022

Living a healthy reproductive life is one of the major concerns among women. Unwanted conception among rural tribal population like the Karbis is managed by using traditional medicinal plants. The present work was carried out to document the traditional uses of medicinal plants or its products for inducing abortion. Field studies were undertaken in different Karbi dominated areas of Karbi Anglong district using informal and formal conversations, discussions, and semiâ€“structured and unstructured interviews involving 35 informants (male 11 and female 24). A total of twelve medicinal plants, belonging to twelve genera and twelve families were reported to be used for inducing abortion. The study showed that the Karbis are rich in ethnomedicinal practises using plant and its products as an abortifacient. The knowledge of the practises of traditional medicines needs to be incorporated with scientific methods and concepts for betterment of future mankind. Biochemical evaluations of abortifacient plants need to be studied for its active phytocompound responsible for inducing abortion.
Assessment of Testosterone Biogenesis Enhancement by a Lupeol Derivative Separated from Seeds of Hygrophila spinosa T. Ander in vitro
Authors: Vyas Niraj , Gamit Kanan , Raval Manan , Patel Samir
Published: March 2022

The present study aimed towards assessing the isolated lupeol derivative in vitro for testosterone biogenesis enhancement by the action on isolated rat leydig cells. Studies were carried out to separate a novel bioactive molecule from an Indian medicinal plant, Hygrophila spinosa, used as an aphrodisiac and spermatogenic for years. Unsaponifiable bioactive fraction, prepared from seeds of the plant, was subjected to isolation of phytoconstituents by column and flash chromatography. The isolated compound was characterized by spectral studies as lupeol methyl ether. Later, it was subjected to in vitro studies using isolated leydig cells from rat for its action. Different amounts of isolated compound were incubated with leydig cells for 3 hours and concentration of testosterone after incubation was considered as a parameter. Dehydroepiandrosterone was used as positive control in the studies. The results indicated that the isolated compound was active and enhanced the testosterone biogenesis, as evident from increased amount of testosterone found in a medium treated with compound. This was the first report included isolation, chemical characterization and biological activity of Lupeol methyl ether from Hygrophila spinosa T. Ander.
Fertility Activity of Wedelia trilobata Linn. Leaf Extracts on Female Wister Albino Rats
Authors: Karthika C. , Manivannan S. , Jawahar S.
Published: March 2022

Wedelia trilobata Linn., Asteraceae, is a creeping evergreen perennial herb. It is native to the tropics of Central America and has naturalized in many wet tropical and subtropics areas of the world. It is widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of contraceptives, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, infertility and impotence. The present study evaluated the potential fertility effect of aqueous and ethanolic extract of leaves of Wedelia trilobata Linn. Anti-oxidant activity of the leaves was determined and the antimicrobial activity was performed for the urinary bacteria of females. In animal experiment, Group 1 served as negative control given only olive oil, Group 2 and 3 were given with 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/ kg of Aqueous extract of W. trilobata, Group 4 and 5 â€“ 3 was given with 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of ethanolic extract of W. trilobata, Group 6 and 7 were given 1mg/kg and 2 mg/ kg of drug. The results revealed the promising anti-oxidant and anti-microbial activity and the aqueous treated rats shown similar activity compared to the control rat. The contraceptive nature of the rats was determined through the hormonal reports.
Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Thunbergia fragrans Roxb Leaves Extract
Authors: Chandrasekaran Charankumar , Karuppiah Ramar
Published: March 2022

Nowadays plants are the traditional product that has little or no side effects in modern medicine. The Thunbergia fragrans belong to the family Acanthaceae which contains more biologically active phytoconstituents. The plant leaves were extracted with different solvents including ethanol, aqueous, hexane and ethyl acetate. These extracts have been subjected to phytochemical study. The results of the qualitative phytochemical analysis indicate that the ethanol extracts provided more phytoconstituents. The phytochemical quantitative analysis showed that the ethanol had a higher amount of flavonoid. The ethanol extract of Thunbergia fragrans contained antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The GCMS study for the compound identification was studied for all four extracts. The result revealed the presence of various biologically active compounds in the ethanol extract.
Expediente
Authors: Agrogeoambiental Revista
Published: March 2022

Expediente
Summary
Authors: Agrogeoambiental Revista
Published: March 2022

Summary
Structural Fear and the Ways to Resist It
Authors: GOLOVÁTINA-MORA POLINA
Published: March 2022

The article approaches the concept of structural violence by elaborating on the idea of fear as an indicator of social or individual self-destruction. It argues that learning to read fear is an important skill for individuation and, therefore, a part of resistance to oppressive practices. Based on Tolstoy’s political thought, the article draws attention to honesty, gratefulness, love, trust, creative act and responsibility as essential conditions for developing sensibility to read fear and the social structures. Likewise, the article looks at several popular series and literary pieces in each other’s context as an existing intellectual or even social discourse with a special emphasis on the science fiction and fantasy genres in the context of spiritual anti-hierarchical thought. A distinction is made between organic fear –a natural emotion with a function of developing self-recognitio– and structural fear –a tool for manipulation and control over individuals employed by social institutions. The natural character of the emotion, in other words, the experience of fear common to every person, makes it a convenient mechanism of control over the Other. The article uses the findings to support the qualitative turn in the social studies and particularly the tendency towards the holistic or ecological approach to data selection and data interpretation.
Pulmonary artery denervation for pulmonary hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies
Authors: Korobchenko L. E. , Goncharova N. S. , Condori Leandro H. I. , Vakhrushev A. D. , Andreeva E. M. , Moiseeva O. M. , Mikhaylov E. N.
Published: March 2022

Objective. To analyze the results of clinical studies on pulmonary artery denervation (PADN) for pulmonary hypertension treatment.

Design and methods. Study search was conducted in PubMed/Medline, Cochrane, Elibrary databases. The analysis included studies of surgical and transcatheter PADN. To assess the effectiveness of the PADN procedure, a mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and a 6-minute walk test distance (6-MWT) were selected. For each study, the mean change in mPAP and 6-MWT were calculated and included in the analysis.

Results. A total of 8 studies were analyzed: 4 randomized and 4 observational, 320 patients were included in the study, of which 222 patients underwent PADN. The etiology of pulmonary hypertension (PH) was different in each study and included patients with idiopathic PH, PH associated with heart failure, chronic thromboembolic PH. According to the combined data analysis, mPAP decreased in all studies, and the overall change in mPAP was –8,59 [95 % confidence interval (CI) –10,96; –6,23]. The average increase in 6-MWT among studies was 60,00 [95 % CI 35,74; 84,27].

Conclusions. Despite serious limitations (a small number of studies and subjects enrolled, non-randomized design of a half of the studies, high heterogeneity of data), this analysis demonstrated the association of the PADN procedure with a decrease in pulmonary artery pressure and prolongation of the 6-minute walking distance in patients with PH of various etiologies.
Blood pressure control, target organ protection and metabolic disorders control using a fixed combination of azilsartan medoxomil + chlorthalidone in hypertensive patients survived after severe and extremely severe COVID-19
Authors: Nedogoda S. V. , Ledyaeva A. A. , Salasyuk A. S. , Chumachek E. V. , Tsoma V. V. , Lutova V. O. , Popova E. A. , Vlasov D. S. , Bychkova O. I. , Labaznikova V. A. , Evdokimov K. S.
Published: March 2022

Objective. Evaluation of the possibility of a fixed combination of azilsartan medoxomil + chlorthalidone in additional angioprotection in patients with arterial hypertension (HTN) and high pulse wave velocity (PWV) after confirmed severe or extremely severe COVID-19 (bilateral polysegmental viral pneumonia) treated by genetically engineered biological drugs, who had not previously received combined antihypertensive therapy.

Design and methods. An open observational study lasting 12 weeks included 30 patients, 28–31 days after discharge from the hospital after a severe and extremely severe COVID-19, who received or had not previously received antihypertensive therapy. Patients underwent 24-hour blood pressure (BP) monitoring, applanation tonometry (augmentation index and central BP), measurement of PWV, laboratory tests before and after prescription of a fixed combination of azilsartan medoxomil + chlorthalidone.

Results. At baseline, patients showed an increase in office blood pressure to 153,06/92,2 mmHg. After treatment with a fixed combination of azilsartan medoxomil + chlorthalidone, a decrease in systolic BP by 18,47% and diastolic BP by 16,24% was observed. According to ambulatory BP monitoring, the decrease in systolic BP was 19,65% and diastolic BP — 24,68%, PWV decreased by 34,4%, augmentation index — by 9,42%, central systolic BP — by 15,48% (p < 0,05). At baseline, vascular age (VA) was increased to 44,96 years compared to the passport age of 35,03 years. After treatment, there was a significant decrease in VA to 38,74 years (p < 0,01). In addition, the levels of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, D-dimer, glucose, blood urea nitrogen and uric acid significantly decreased.

Conclusions. The fixed combination of azilsartan medoxomil + chlorthalidone provides better control of BP. It also helps to improve vascular elasticity (augmentation index, PWV, central systolic BP, decrease in VA) and to reduce post-infectious inflammation in HTN patients after a severe coronavirus infection.
Lost Symbols in the Historic City of Puebla in Mexico
Authors: Hernández Sánchez Adriana , De La Torre Sánchez Christian Enrique
Published: March 2022

Since its origin, the city of Puebla has had representative elements in its public spaces that have survived for a long time, they are ornamental and utilitarian objects which are landmarks of the city. Street furniture is a benchmark of identity too. All elements have legends, they are references that have given identity to streets and avenues. Natural elements also refer to a city’s identity, like trees. But the natural element that defined origin, trace and growth of the city is one of the least visible. In the sixties, the San Francisco River was piped, as a sign of the new modernity, and today it is a boulevard where thousands of cars pass. Thus, bridges and other types of elements that the population still remember, mainly the elderly, have been forgotten. In recent years, some initiatives have emerged to rescue the historical memory of daily life and the revaluation of repre­sentative objects of the city center, such as the Casa Analco Community Museum project, coordinated by the Faculty of Architecture of BUAP in collaboration with residents of the Analco neighborhood. This article discusses both the monuments, their relics, elements of nature that shape the city's identity, as well as the gradual loss of these symbols.
Sex-Based Differences in Age-Related Changes of the Vertebral Column from a Bronze Age Urban Population in Ancient China
Authors: Han Tao , Zhang Wenxin , Xie Yaoting , Zhou Xuyang , Zhu Hong , Zhang Quanchao , Wang Qian
Published: March 2022

The health disparities between males and females in bioarchaeological settings are important indicators of gender-based differences in socioeconomic roles. In this study, sex-based differences of the vertebral column in spine pathology were investigated in human skeletons excavated from a Bronze Age cemetery of the Western Zhou Dynasty at the Dahekou site in Shanxi, China. Results demonstrated that females had a higher prevalence of vertebral compressive fractures, with the majority found in those between twenty-five and thirty years old, suggesting that the fractures were a consequence of osteoporosis and its early onset in females. In contrast, males expressed overall more severe ageing in all vertebral divisions compared to females. Males also had a higher prevalence of vertebral facet joint osteoarthritis in cervical and thoracic divisions than females. Likewise, the incidence of facet joint osteoarthritis was more asymmetric between the left and right joints in males than in females. These findings reflect disparities of vertebral health between the two sexes in an urban setting, in which ageing and injuries of the vertebral column might be driven by different mechanisms. Age-related changes in female vertebral columns may have been more influenced by conditions of hormone deficiency such as menopause, while male vertebral columns might have been more prone to age-related changes due to heavy labor-induced physical stressors. Further studies on the differentiation of ageing mechanisms between the two sexes based on physiology, socioeconomic roles, and living conditions are warranted. The studies are necessary in understanding how multiple sociocultural and physiological factors contribute to health disparities in historic and contemporary environments.