bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BREVES CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE O PROCESSO DECISÓRIO NO SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL: ALGUMAS REFLEXÕES A PARTIR DA ENTREVISTA DO PRESIDENTE LULA AO PROGRAMA “CONVERSA COM O PRESIDENTE”
Authors: Torres Saulo de Medeiros
Published: April 2024

A problemática central do presente trabalho foi a seguinte: a fala do Presidente Lula estaria defendendo a implementação do sistema per curiam? Nesse sistema, o direito fundamental à publicidade é garantido? O objetivo geral dessa breves considerações é elucidar a compatibilidade entre a adequação do modelo per curiam com a regra da publicidade. Aparentemente a entrevista do Presidente Lula pode ser interpretada como um ponto de partida para viabilizar a concretização do modelo per curiam que garante que haja a divulgação do resultado dos julgamentos, não sendo incompatível com o direito fundamental à publicidade. A polarização da política brasileira que se intensificou nas duas últimas eleições presidenciais, também transformou o STF em uma espécie de “terceiro turno” usado pela oposição para impedir ou travar projetos apresentados pelo governo ou até mesmo nomeações para cargos de confiança. O atual contexto sócio-político vivenciado no Brasil chegou ao extremo de discursos parlamentares em defesa do fechamento do STF, de agressões verbais aos membros do tribunal, trazendo um ambiente violento para tentar assediar ou constranger os Ministros do STF a votarem em um determinado sentido. Junta-se a isso o fato de o STF ter assumido nos últimos anos um protagonismo no julgamento de assuntos de ampla repercussão social como: a realização do aborto no caso de anencefalia, o reconhecimento das uniões homoafetivas como entidades familiares, declaração de omissão legislativa na criminalização da homofobia, determinação de um marco temporal para demarcação de reservas indígenas. Pelo fato dos membros do Poder Judiciário não serem eleitos pelo voto popular e estarem investidos de uma das mais relevantes funções estatais (a jurisdição), eles também se submetem ao dever de prestar contas a sociedade.
EFEITO DE BIOFERTILIZANTES PRODUZIDOS DE SEMENTES TRITURADAS DE AÇAÍ NO CRESCIMENTO DE Capsicum chinense Jacq.
Authors: Bastos Inácio da Silva , Matos Darley Calderaro Leal , Cruz Flávio José Rodrigues , Nascimento Eduarda Nogueira
Published: April 2024

Este estudo avaliou o efeito de biofertilizantes produzidos a partir de sementes de açaí descartadas por batedores no município de Laranjal do Jari, Amapá, Brasil, no cultivo de pimenta-de-cheiro. O delineamento experimental adotado foi inteiramente casualizado com nove repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram em biofertilizante composto por 100% de sementes de açaí, mistura de 50% de sementes de açaí com 50% de esterco bovino, adubo químico NPK e o controle. Foram avaliadas a altura da planta, número total de folhas, massa fresca e seca (parte aérea e raiz) e a área foliar. Embora o NPK tenha proporcionado maiores médias, não houve diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos para altura, número de folhas, massa seca da parte aérea e da raiz da planta. A área foliar foi significativamente maior no grupo controle, contudo, a adubação mineral aumentou a massa seca e fresca das plantas. É necessário aumentar a proporção de biofertilizante de açaí e bovino na diluição com água, visto que o teor de nitrogênio na proporção utilizada não apresentou teor de nitrogênio suficiente para incrementar o crescimento vegetativo das plantas.
ĐÁNH GIÁ TÍNH ỔN ĐỊNH SẢN XUẤT VẮC XIN SỞI VÀ VẮC XIN PHỐI HỢP SỞI – RUBELLA GIAI ĐOẠN 2015 – 2021 THÔNG QUA CHẤT LƯỢNG CÁC LOẠT VẮC XIN ĐẠI DIỆN HÀNG NĂM TẠI POLYVAC
Authors: Phạm Anh Thư  , Ngô Thu Hường  , Nguyễn Đăng Hiền
Published: April 2024

Với mục đích đánh giá tính ổn định của quy trình sản xuất thông qua việc đánh giá tính đồng đều về chất lượng của các loạt vắc xin được lấy đại diện hàng năm, các lô vắc xin sởi và vắc xin phối hợp sởi-rubella được lấy mẫu với tần suất 1 lô/ năm/ 1 loại vắc xin sản xuất tại POLYVAC từ 2015 đến 2021. Các mẫu vắc xin được bảo quản ở nhiệt độ 2 – 8 0C, định kỳ tại thời điểm 0 năm, 1 năm, 2 năm sẽ được lấy mẫu để kiểm tra chất lượng ở các tiêu chí: hiệu giá; độ ẩm tồn dư; cảm quan; pH. Riêng ở thời điểm 2 năm, loạt vắc xin sản xuất từ năm 2021 sẽ tiến hành thêm thử nghiệm ECTC. Kết quả cho thấy, các lô thử nghiệm đều cho kết quả nằm trong khoảng tiêu chuẩn ở tất cả các thử nghiệm và các thời điểm thực hiện.
Fistulas Carótido Cavernosas (FCC). Lo que un oftalmólogo debe conocer: Revisión de casos sometidos a tratamiento endovascular en el Instituto de Neurocirugía Dr. Asenjo, Santiago, Chile
Authors: Echeverría Martínez Mario Daniel , Ruiz Marcos , Becker Tomás , Venegas Alejandro , Pascual Bárbara
Published: April 2024

Introducción: Las fístulas carótido cavernosas son comunicaciones anormales entre el sistema arterial cerebral y el seno cavernoso. El tratamiento de primera línea actualmente es de resorte endovascular. Este estudio tiene como objetivo presentar una serie de pacientes que recibieron tratamiento endovascular en el Instituto de Neurocirugía Dr. Asenjo, en Chile. Método: Revisión de fichas clínicas de pacientes tratados entre los años 2017 y 2022, se recopilan datos clínicos, demográficos e imagenológicos. Resultados: se registraron 28 pacientes en total, con edad promedio de 54.8 años, 82.1% de sexo femenino. Los síntomas mayormente reportados fueron quemosis, proptosis, alteraciones de la oculomotilidad y cefalea o dolor ocular. 11 casos fueron fístulas directas, 16 casos indirectas, 1 caso fístula mixta. Discusión: Se debe sospechar esta patología en un paciente con o sin antecedente de traumatismo craneal, que evoluciona con un cuadro de proptosis, quemosis, con o sin alteración oculomotora o visual. La caracterización clínica de nuestros pacientes es concordante con la literatura en cuanto a sintomatología, pero con un predominio de fístulas de tipo espontánea e indirectas. Conclusiones: La evaluación por oftalmología es fundamental para determinar diagnósticos diferenciales y manejo de patología concomitante. La derivación a neurorradiología intervencional es clave para el adecuado tratamiento endovascular.
Segmental osteotomy with interpositional xenogenous graft in posterior mandible
Authors: Souza Vilton Zimmermann de , Garcia Gislaine F. F. , Manfro Rafael , Fabris Vinícius
Published: April 2024

With the loss of dental elements, natural bone dimensional changes occur, which often make it impossible to install dental implants without the need for grafting procedures prior to implant surgery for the esthetic-functional rehabilitation of our patients. Correcting vertical bone defects to re-establish the correct relationship of the alveolar crest in the posterior mandible is a major challenge for implant dentists. In the literature, segmental osteotomy associated with interpositional bone grafting has been shown to be a viable alternative for bone rehabilitation in vertical bone defects in the posterior mandible, provided that the correct indications are followed, with the appropriate surgical techniques. In this specific case, the interpositional grafting technique represented a safe and predictable procedure for vertical bone augmentation with segmental osteotomy associated with interpositional grafting. Segmental osteotomies associated with interpositional grafts are considered a predictable technique, provided they are well indicated and respect biological and technical limits for the rehabilitation of atrophic mandibular posterior regions. Success rates in the literature are very high, as is the survival of dental implants placed in the augmented areas.
Chagas disease: A brief summary
Authors: Machado Rogério Almeida , Almeida Jackeline Silva Póvoa , Dias Júlio César Cardozo , Sodré Samara Bianca , Dionezio Leandro Daniel , Pereira Georgina da Conceição Marques , Paz Jefferson de Lima , Santos Carlos Vinicius de Souza , Mota Suana Millen Bruzaca , Rodrigues Rosana da Conceição Martins
Published: April 2024

Chagas disease (CD) has existed for millions of years as an enzootic in wild animals that began to be transmitted to humans accidentally when it invaded wild ecotopes. However, the disease was described for the first time in 1909 by the Brazilian Carlos Ribeiro Justiniano Chagas (Carlos Chagas), who detected the parasite in a 2-year-old child in the city of Lassance, Minas Gerais. This fact was considered a milestone in the history of medicine due to the simultaneous discovery of the vector popularly known as kissing bug.
A buddhista vallás szerepe a 21. században
Authors: Dobosy Antal
Published: April 2024

„… a buddhista vallásnak nemcsak az egyéni élet problémáinak megoldásában, és nem csak itt, Magyarországon van jövője, hanem az emberiség számára is jelentős támasz és probléma megoldási módszer lehet, sőt kell is, hogy legyen. Elsősorban azért, mert képes követni a társadalmi változásokat, képes követni az egyéni ember gondolkozásának, értékrendjének és szemléletének változásait, és képes újradefiniálni az emberi tudat szerepét és feladatát…”
Application For Dissolution of Limited Liability Company Submitted By The Attorney In The Public Interest
Authors: Putri Ayudita Supriyanto , Sjafi’i Imam Rahmat
Published: April 2024

This study is motivated by the absence of limitations on the meaning of the phrase public interest in Article 146 paragraph (1) letter a of Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies. Therefore, it leads to a blurring of norms. Furthermore, the objectives of this study are (1) to understand and analyze the authority of the Prosecutor's Office in submitting a request for dissolution of a Limited Liability Company to the District Court; and (2) to understand and analyze the limitations of the meaning of the phrase public interest as intended in Article 146 paragraph (1) letter a of Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies based on Balikpapan District Court Decision Number 457/Pdt.P/2019/PN Bpp. This study was normative juridical research by using a statutory approach and a case approach. Legal materials were analyzed by using prescriptive analysis methods. The study shows that the authority of the Prosecutor's Office to dissolve a company is regulated in Article 146 paragraph (1) letter a UUPT where the Prosecutor's Office is given the authority in order to dissolve a company which is deemed to violate the public interest. However, the criteria for violations of the public interest are not explained. Therefore, there is no clear definition of the meaning of this public interest phrase. In addition, the provisions and meaning of public interest are now very flexible in accordance with relevant regulations.

Keywords: Prosecutor’s Application, Limited Liability Company, Public Interest
Tratado de Cirugía General en Atención Primaria en Salud Tomo 24
Authors: Pinela Baldeón Denisse Alejandra , García Saeteros Daniel Josue , Gallegos Herrera Neil José , Valero Peñafiel David Andrés , Magallanes Illescas Karem Estefanía , Robalino Aldaz Michaell Dahyann , Monroy Angulo Sugey Berenisse , Macías Álava Genesis Mellani , Chiang Guerrero María Daniela , Cando Suñiga Gigy Leonella , Cabrera Soto Marcia Yazmin , Morales Velasco Crhistian Raul , Rojas Malavé Betzy Paola , Torres Barba Luis Ernesto , González Palacios Virginia Andrea , Pauta Guartatanga Joseline Cecilia , Haro Arteaga Pablo Francisco , Pérez Aguilar Andrea Alejandra
Published: April 2024

El ámbito de la cirugía general en la atención primaria de salud desempeña un papel crucial en el abordaje temprano y efectivo de diversas afecciones quirúrgicas que afectan a la población. En este vigésimo cuarto tomo de la serie ofrecen un exhaustivo tratado que cubre los aspectos más relevantes de la cirugía general en el contexto de la atención primaria. Este libro constituye una guía esencial para médicos generales y especialistas interesados en la cirugía general, proporcionando una visión integral de las técnicas quirúrgicas, el manejo perioperatorio y el seguimiento postoperatorio de las condiciones más comunes y complejas. Los autores, respaldados por su amplia experiencia clínica y académica, combinan la evidencia científica más actualizada con su pericia quirúrgica para ofrecer recomendaciones prácticas y fundamentadas.
La justicia restaurativa en casos de violencia contra la mujer y la debida reparación integral
Authors: Cabezas Ruiz Freddy Leonardo , Barragán Silva Nicole Germania
Published: April 2024

El objetivo general de la presente investigación rodea en determinar si la justicia restaurativa es un sistema eficaz para reparar a las víctimas de violencia contra la mujer, se analiza las rutas de aplicación de la justicia restaurativa dentro de la normativa ecuatoriana ante la excesiva carga procesal por parte de los órganos jurisdiccionales, el enfoque restaurativo constituye una alternativa para solucionar los conflictos que han estado presentes en la normativa penal ecuatoriana. La metodología que se aplicó es de carácter cuantitativo, por cuanto generará datos descriptivos con la obtención de información, documental, normativa y bibliográfica. Se empleó el método inductivo y deductivo, dado que se fundamenta en la observación de los acontecimientos que son de interés para el investigador. De igual manera se realizó un cuestionario a cincuenta profesionales en el ámbito jurídico que desempeñan sus labores en la provincia de Tungurahua, cantón Ambato, Llegando a la conclusión que el sistema de justicia restaurativo es totalmente nuevo que comprende líneas opuestas a la justicia tradicional.
Junior High School Students' Mathematics Problem-Solving Ability Using the Problem-Based Learning Model: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hanifah Hanifah , Mutmainah Siti , Kartika Hendra
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This study aims to examine the ability of junior high school students to solve mathematical problems through the application of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model. Methodology: The research method used in this study is a systematic literature review. Researchers searched for journal articles on junior high school students' mathematical problem-solving ability using the Problem-Based Learning model. The search was conducted through the Google Scholar database, and the Publish or Perish application was used. Findings: Based on the analyzed articles, it can be concluded that the Problem-Based Learning model improves students' mathematical problem-solving skills. This is supported by the increase in students' skills before and after implementation. Significance: This research is expected to serve as a reference for teachers and researchers interested in improving mathematical problem-solving skills using the Problem-Based Learning model.
Dinámica poblacional de Leptopharsa gibbicarina Froeschner (Hemiptera: Tingidae) en dos lotes de palma de aceite en el departamento del Cesar, Colombia
Authors: Barrios-Trilleras Carlos Enrique , Tejeda-Rico Germán Esteban , Diaz-Castro Roberto José , Florián-Martínez Leidy Viviana , Contreras-Arias Leidy Johanna , Morales-Rodríguez Anuar
Published: April 2024

Leptopharsa gibbicarina es un insecto plaga de importancia econó mica para la palmicultura colombiana, razón por la cual, el objetivo de este estudio fue establecer los patrones de la dinámica poblacional de la especie en dos lotes de palma de aceite en los municipios de Agustín Codazzi y El Copey en el departamento del Cesar.
Caracterización de los criterios de calidad de racimos de fruta fresca de cultivares híbridos OxG
Authors: Cortés B. Ingrid L. , García-Núñez Jesús Alberto , Cala A. Silvia L. , Ramírez-Contreras Nidia Elizabeth
Published: April 2024

Este artículo presenta un primer estudio para clasificar racimos híbridos en tolva, mediante procedimientos realizados en conjunto con técnicos de plantaciones y plantas de beneficio de la Zona Suroccidental. El trabajo desarrollado incluye la determinación de aceite por diferentes categorías de maduración y conformación bajo características asociadas a la poscosecha de racimos y contenidos de aceite en distintos estados de madurez. Como resultado del estudio se obtuvieron datos de potencial de aceite para diversas categorías de calidad de RFF en un rango entre 17,7 - 35,7 % Ac/RFF. Para la clase 1 maduro se identificó un contenido de 35,74 % Ac/RFF; para la clase 1 inmaduro, 27,92 % Ac/RFF; para la clase 2 maduro, 30,59 % Ac/RFF; para la clase 2 inmaduro, 25,48 % Ac/RFF; para la clase 3 maduro, 28,74 % Ac/RFF, y para la clase 3 inmaduro, 17,75 % Ac/RFF
Cost of disease progression among US patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Lam Clara , Diessner Brandon , Andrade Katherine , Stackland Sydnie , Park Leah , Mehta Sandhya , Lin Feng , Kwong Winghan Jackie
Published: April 2024

Aim:The objectives were to investigate the differences in per patient per month (PPPM) healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and costs among commercially insured and Medicare Advantage patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HER2+) metastatic breast cancer (mBC) who experience disease progression in 12 months compared with those who don't investigate the impact of progression timing on cumulative healthcare costs.Patients & methods:This claims-based study included patients diagnosed with mBC between 1 January 2013 and 30 April 2020 and received HER2-targeted therapy. Patients were categorized as progressed or nonprogressed. For objective one, monthly HCRU and costs were assessed for up to two lines of therapy (LOTs). Data were summarized descriptively and compared using a generalized linear model (GLM). For objective two, patients with at least 6 months of follow-up were assessed and cumulative healthcare costs were estimated in the 3 years following the start of LOT1 or LOT2 using a GLM and Kaplan–Meier weighting.Results:Among the 4113 patients in the study sample, 3406 had at least 12 months of follow-up (or less if due to death). Compared with nonprogressed patients, progressed patients had higher mean PPPM healthcare costs (LOT1: $22,014 vs $18,372, p < 0.001; LOT2: $19,643 vs $16,863, p = 0.001), and HCRU, including number of emergency room visits and inpatient stays (both p < 0.001) in the 12 months following LOT start. Progressed patients had higher 3-year mean cumulative healthcare costs than nonprogressed patients following LOT1 and LOT2 and this difference was greater for patients who progressed earlier.Conclusion:Disease progression was associated with significant increases in HCRU and costs. Delays in progression were associated with lower cumulative healthcare costs. Earlier use of more clinically effective treatments to delay progression may reduce the economic burden among these patients.
Introduction to Queer and Trans Health Justice: A Special Issue of RHM
Authors: Sanchez Fernando , Green McKinley , Flores Wilfredo
Published: April 2024

Introduction to Queer and Trans Health Justice: A Special Issue of RHM
Menstrual Methodologies
Authors: Przybylo Ela
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This article develops “menstrual methodologies” for ungendering menstruation and attending to the chronic pain and dysphoria present in menstrual embodiment. Specifically, it unfolds from the experiences of a nonbinary person with undiagnosed endometriosis through developing a series of menstrual methodologies, including ungendering menstruation; thinking with pain through crip time, crankiness, and autoethnography; and a justice-based approach to menstruation; followed by an application of these methodologies to a recent case study. Following on an autobiographical prelude, I begin with an introduction to menstrual methodologies and next outline each one. Menstrual methodologies, I argue, provide a toolkit not only for those who study menstruation and menstruators but for researchers across disciplines who are interested in questions of gender, embodiment, pain, medical science, justice, and disability.
La tolérance ou « ces hypothèses qui nous libèrent »
Authors: Desroches Patricia
Published: April 2024

Cet article est un compte-rendu du livre : Gianni Paganini, De Bayle à Hume, tolérance, hypothèses, systèmes, Paris : Honoré Champion, coll. « Vie des Huguenots », 2023, 646 p. EAN 9782745358851.
S’affranchir du temps des horloges, le chronos au xixe siècle
Authors: Angard Laurent
Published: April 2024

Cet article est un compte-rendu du livre : Myriam Kohnen, Chronomania. Littérature et pensée du Temps au XIXe siècle, Bruxelles : Peter Lang, coll. « Nouvelle poétique comparatiste / New Comparative Poetics », 2023. 370 p. EAN 9782875747600.
La muse subtile d’André Hurst
Authors: Margelidon Cécile
Published: April 2024

Cet article est un compte-rendu du livre : André Hurst, Quatuor d’Alexandrins, Poètes grecs d’époque hellénistique et leur écho, Genève : Droz, « Recherches et rencontres. Publications de la Faculté des Lettres de l’Université de Genève », 38, 2023, 184 p., EAN 9782600064507.
Une didactique qui reste encore à dessiner
Authors: Grüber Gauthier
Published: April 2024

Cet article est un compte-rendu du livre : Hélène Raux, La bande dessinée en classe de français, Rennes, Presses universitaires de Rennes, coll. « Paideia », 2023, 243 p.
Unclaimed Expérience/L’Expérience inappropriable. Une première traduction française d’un des ouvrages fondateurs des trauma studies
Authors: Laumier Alice
Published: April 2024

Cet article est un compte-rendu du livre : Cathy Caruth, L’Expérience inappropriable. Le trauma, le récit et l’histoire, trad. Élise Guidoni, Paris, Hermann, coll. « Psychanalyse », 2023, 203 p., EAN 9791037029737
Implementation Protection Consumer Passenger Jabodebek LRT Transportation at Halim Station According to Constitution
Authors: Roy Lubis Novita , Darwati Darwati , Ferdiles Luky
Published: April 2024

One of the advances in transportation technology in Indonesia is Light Rail Transit (LRT), which is one of the most popular means of land transportation. The aim of this research is to implement consumer protection for Jabodebek Halim LRT transportation passengers according to the law. This research uses a sociological juridical method which is included in the descriptive analytical research category with non-random purposive sampling techniques, and the results are evaluated through qualitative analysis. The results of this research discuss consumer protection implemented in LRT transportation services, the responsibility of the Jabodebek LRT for consumer losses and responsibility for the consequences of LRT technical problems which cause delays in departure schedules, material losses or in-material losses based on the provisions of the Law in Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection and Law Number 23 of 2007 concerning Railways. Apart from legal products, railway operational operators are responsible for providing minimum service standard operational procedures to consumers at stations and while the LRT is running. This standard covers the safety of a person's life, feeling safe while using LRT transportation, feeling comfortable at the station and during the trip, easy access to ticket purchases, and equal rights as citizens, as well as handling complaints and inconveniences from passengers regarding the services provided.
ЗДОРОВ’ЯЗБЕРЕЖЕННЯ ЗДОБУВАЧІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ
Authors: БУЖИНА Ірина , НОСОВЕЦЬ Наталія , КАЛМИКОВ Олександр
Published: April 2024

В умовах воєнного стану проблема здоров’язбереження здобувачів вищої освіти різних спеціальностей актуалізується. Формування, збереження й зміцнення здоров’я молоді є одним із пріоритетів освітньої політики України. Воєнний стан введено із 05 години 30 хвилин 24 лютого 2022 року строком на 30 діб. В результаті цього активізувалися змішана та дистанційна форми навчання в університетах нашої країни.
Мета статті – проаналізувати проблему здоров’язбереження здобувачів вищої освіти різних спеціальностей в умовах воєнного стану.
В умовах воєнного стану виникає потреба посилення мотиваційного фактору в отриманні нових знань щодо здоров’язбережувальних технологій. Використання цих технологій у закладах вищої освіти, об’єктивне оцінювання здоров’язбережувальних компетентностей впливає на активне впровадження академічної культури таакадемічної доброчесності здобувачів та викладачів університетів. 
Важливо більш конкретно висвітлити як теоретичні, так й практичні засади змішаної форми навчання у вищій школі та вивчити досвід роботи у кіберуніверситетах (Cyber University), які реалізовуватимуть освітній процес із частковим використанням онлайн-можливостей.
Адміністраціям університетів потрібно покращувати соціальне та емоційне благополуччя здобувачів вищої освіти різних спеціальностей, науково-педагогічних працівників в умовах воєнного стану.
Недоліками дистанційного та змішаного навчання в умовах воєнного стану є: технічні проблеми, неможливість доступу до Інтернет, складність засвоєння матеріалу самостійно, недостатньо високий рівень володіння викладачами і здобувачами вищої освіти інформаційними технологіями.
Проблеми здоров’язбереження, пов’язані із організацією освітнього процесу в умовах воєнного стану: завершення 2021/2022 навчального року (особливо для здобувачів випускних курсів); мотивація навчати і навчатися в умовах постійної невизначеності, нестабільного психоемоційного стану і частих сповіщень про повітряну тривогу, а для деяких учасників освітнього процесу, які продовжували перебувати в зоні активних воєнних дій, – обстрілів.
Errors, error detection and correction efficiency in the container number code
Authors: Kiogora Mutugi Praise , Loyford Njagi  , Josephine Mutembei
Published: April 2024

The container number is an 11-digit code that uses a single parity check of modulo 11 to check the authenticity of the container numbers. The world relies on shipment containers to transport goods. Various types of cargos have been erroneously delivered in different places. The modulo 11 container number is divided into four parts. The owner code that consists of three capital letters of the Latin alphabet to indicate the owner or principal operator of the container. Such code needs to be registered at the Bureau International des Conteneurs in Paris to ensure uniqueness worldwide (per ISO 6346). The equipment category identifier consists of one of the following three capital letters of the Latin alphabet U for all freight containers, J for detachable freight container-related equipment, Z for trailers and chassis. The serial number consists of six numeric digits, assigned by the owner or operator, uniquely identifying the container within that owner/operator’s fleet. The check digit consists of one numeric digit providing a means of validating the recording and transmission accuracies of the owner code and serial number. The objective of this study is to determine the efficiency of the current modulo 11 container number in the error detection and correction. While the modulo 11 checksum calculation method is an effective way to detect errors in container numbers, it is not foolproof and errors can still occur. Modulo 11 container number code does not detect some transposition and substitution errors. The container number code and its check digit do not possess inherent error correction capabilities. This study therefore recommends a new modulo 13 container number code with higher error correction and detection capability.
The effect of digital marketing on organizational agility of SACCOs in Meru Town
Authors: Nderitu Daniel Kingori
Published: April 2024

Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations (SACCOs) are vital drivers of economic growth in the country. SACCOs provide financial services, including deposits, loans, savings accounts, money transfers, insurance, and payment services. Even though digital media exists to improve the flexibility and the speed of business processes to improve organizational agility, its aspects are a very recent phenomenon among Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations. An empirical inquiry was relevant to understand the domain of communication, marketing strategies, and its influence on organizational agility since the discourse of digital marketing is continuously developing. SACCOs must understand the association of digital marketing to organizational agility to embrace digital technology in their operations and stay relevant to their members while increasing their level of business resilience. The study sought to determine the effect of digital marketing (social media, mobile, and website marketing) on the organizational agility of SACCOs in Meru Town, Kenya. A descriptive research design was adopted to gather information on the relationship between the two research variables. With a target population of 5 SASRA-licensed SACCOs in Meru Town, data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire where a stratified sampling method was utilized to attain the desired representation target population of 52 respondents. A pilot test was conducted to check the reliability and validity of the questionnaire adopted as the research instrument. The data was tabulated and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, whereby tabular, graphical, and numerical representations were utilized. Multiple linear regression was conducted to establish the inferential statistics and define the relationship between digital marketing indicators and organizational agility. The study results established that social media marketing, mobile marketing, and website marketing are positively related to the organizational agility of SACCOs. A coefficient of determination (R-squared) of 0.180 indicated that approximately 18% of the variance in organizational agility could be accounted for by the combination of social media, mobile, and website marketing strategies. The moderate level of explanatory power implies that while the chosen predictors are relevant, other factors likely influence SACCOs' organizational agility. The study's outcomes encourage decision-makers to embrace a comprehensive approach that integrates digital strategies into a wider organizational transformation and adaptation framework. The study's findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge regarding the intersection of digital marketing strategies and organizational agility. The study’s results emphasize that the benefits of these strategies extend beyond mere technological implementation, reflecting a fundamental shift in how organizations engage with their ecosystem, respond to changes, and navigate uncertainties.
perception of the teacher trainees on the implementation of e-assessment in the selected Teacher Training Colleges in Kenya
Authors: Kubai Edwin
Published: April 2024

The Kenya National Examinations Council (KNEC) is currently implementing the integration of technology in conducting assessments to replace the traditional mode of paper and pen. The purpose of this study is to examine the perception of the teacher trainees towards the implementation of e-assessment in the upgrade course of the Diploma in Primary Teacher Education (UDPTE). The study adopted a descriptive research design and was carried out in two (2) public teacher training colleges with a target population of two hundred and forty (240) teacher trainees for the UDPTE programme. All the trainees in the sampled colleges were purposively selected to participate in the study since all of them had participated in the formative e-assessment. An online Teacher Trainees Questionnaire (TTQ) was used to collect information relating to trainees' perception of e-assessment. The reliability coefficient alpha (α) of TTQ was found to be 0.78 from the pilot study making the instrument valid for data collection. The data collected was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics by the use of SPSS software version 26.0. The study findings established that a significant number of teacher trainees were upgrading in Option B as compared to Option A learning areas.  The teacher trainees believed that the best way to finance the Upgrade of Diploma in Primary Teacher Education program (UDPTE) in Kenya was by using bursaries or scholarships and not loans. A significant number of teacher trainees support the adoption of e-assessment but they are of the view that the colleges were not yet prepared due to lack of necessary technological infrastructure. It was further noted that the teacher trainees need more training on basic computer skills in order to improve their typing skills for responses to enhance the complete submission of assessments on the portal in their respective learning areas. The Ministry of Education needs to equip the teacher training colleges with the necessary technological infrastructure and continuously retool tutors on how to integrate technology tools in the assessment procedures.
Behavioural faecal exposure pathways in a nomadic lifestyle :
Authors: Burji Batula Jaro , Wandili Sarah , Muthuri Grace Gakii , Karani Caroline
Published: April 2024

Background: Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) is the cornerstone for health and growth at all stages of life in maintain health and increase in life span. Poor sanitation has led to disease increase in microorganisms such as Escherichia coli. Sanitation is influenced in a community by factors such as perception, behavioral practices such as open defecation and disposal of these waste. This study aimed to identify behavioral faecal exposure pathways in the nomadic community of Turbi ward.
Methods: Mixed method approach using qualitative and quantitative research methods was applied in this study to assess exposure pathways and related behavior among the nomadic community of Turbi ward. Thematic data analysis was used to analyze data generated from behavioural observations. Data was presented using graphs and pie charts.
Results: A total of 100 households were sampled and about 68% (n=100) of population use surface water for domestic. Turbi manyatta had the highest with  30% (n=100), followed by Kambi Nyoka at 16%(n=100) and the least was Shurr manyatta at 2% (n=100). Surface water was the dominant source of water for these community. About 76% (n=100) of the households did not treat their water before use for domestic purposes and due to scarcity of water the community store water in jerricans for more than one week. About 87% of the residents reported not washing hands before milking animals. Open defecation was the predominant method of waste disposal among the five selected Manyattas, accounting for 95% (n= 100). There was significant relationship between practicing open defecation and using surface water without treatment for domestic purpose at p-value 0.032 (95% CI), using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test.
Conclusion: The study revealed that the study community’s behavioral practices exposes them to faecal exposure due to habitual practice of open defecation, throwing waste to the bush, open burning, drinking untreated surface water and not washing hands before milking animals. There is need for advocacy on social behavior change, and strategies on health promotion targeting Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH).
Performance validation for an Internet of Things (IoT)-based Model for hydro-electric monitoring
Authors: Mutwiri Lisper , Kirongo Amos Chege , Munialo Samson
Published: April 2024

Globally, hydro-power has been considered the cheapest renewable source of energy. This form of energy production entirely depends on the water levels which in turn causes a major concern of ensuring that the monitoring systems involved are capable of ensuring monitoring in the prevention of disasters. The disasters involved range from floods and drought conditions that would lead to low power production led by lack of enough water draining in the reservoirs'. Several systems have been implemented to come up with a convenient and efficient monitoring system. With the freedom given to software developers in developing the procedures, an evaluation of the system's performance must be performed to enable this transformation. Therefore, the study selected an already existing real-time monitoring system using Lora Technology in hydroelectric monitoring to conduct the performance validation. A total of one hundred and twenty readings were taken to be validated with the other models used. Consistency, accuracy, latency, and throughput were used to validate the IoT-based model's performance. During the performance validation, the study found that the system achieved all the functionalities expected in its assessment. Therefore, IoT-based systems have the potential to inform future hydroelectric monitoring practices.
Sanitation risk factors contributing to diarrhea in children below five years in Igembe South Sub-County, Meru County, Kenya.
Authors: Anampiu Jacob , Rutto Jane , Kaimuri MaryJoy , Kubai Patrick
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Lack of safe water, poor hygiene, and poor sanitation account for about 90% of the diarrheal diseases in the world. Globally, half a million people lack adequate sanitation, leading to fatalities for over five million people annually. In Kenya, diarrhea still remains one of the top five causes of morbidity and mortality in children below 5 years.

Aim: To identify the household sanitation risk factors contributing to diarrhea in under-five-year-old children in Igembe South Sub County in Meru County, Kenya.

Study Design: A retrospective and cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of the study: Nyambene Sub-County Hospital, Igembe South Sub-County in Meru County, Kenya between December 2022 and March 2023.

Methodology: The sample size was 196 children calculated from a population of 3,332 children who had diarrhea in Igembe South Sub County out of 22412 children who had diarrhea in Meru County for the last year. Data was analyzed by use of SPSS (2022) and ANOVA.

Results: The study found a strong link (p=0.0034) between diarrhea cases in children under five and the absence of household latrines, as well as sanitation-related factors. It noted that many households lacked proper latrines, and many caregivers did not practice hand washing after handling child feces.

Conclusion: The study identified access to safe drinking water as a key factor in reducing diarrhea in young children. The study recommends close monitoring of sanitation facilities and ongoing assessments of water source safety by the County Government of Meru and other stakeholders to improve overall hygiene and reduce diarrhea cases in the region.
A review of distributed ledger technologies application in medical systems interoperability
Authors: Bundi Dorothy Gatwiri , Mutua Stephen , Karume Simon
Published: April 2024

This study of the literature delves into the complex area of medical systems interoperability, focusing on mitigating variables that impact security and data transfer at the structural and semantic levels. In the era of digital healthcare, the secure sharing of medical data is crucial, and this study looks at how Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs) can play a major role in addressing these challenges. Complex interoperability issues that come from differences in communication protocols, data formats, established data structures, data models, and data meaning and codification methodologies face the healthcare industry. These problems typically impede the seamless transmission of electronic medical records between healthcare systems. Because of their decentralized structure and cryptographic foundation, DLTs offer a workable solution to these issues. By critically evaluating previous research and case studies, DLTs may be able to lessen these interoperability issues, as this literature review illustrates. Since DLTs provide an immutable and secure platform for the transmission of medical data, guaranteeing data integrity and confidentiality, they are a natural fit for the sensitive nature of healthcare data. Their importance in creating safe communication protocols, enhancing the meaning of data, and defining models and formats for data is emphasized in this review. A comprehensive architecture for DLT interoperability in healthcare is also recommended by the research. This framework encourages the development of DLT integration, shared data models, standardized data formats, and governance and policy. By implementing this strategy and strengthening secure medical data sharing, healthcare organizations and governments may increase the efficiency, precision, and speed of healthcare delivery. The crucial role that DLTs play in removing the structural and semantic barriers to safe medical systems interoperability is highlighted in the conclusion of this literature review. By adopting DLTs, the healthcare sector may usher in a new era of standardized, safe, and efficient medical data transmission, which will ultimately benefit both patients and healthcare providers. This study shows how distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) have the potential to revolutionize the healthcare industry by enabling the secure and meaningful exchange of medical data between different systems, thereby improving patient care and healthcare outcomes.
A systematic review of predictive blood donor retention models.
Authors: Kiarie Nahashon , Amos Chege Kirongo  , Mary Mwadulo
Published: April 2024

Demand for blood and blood products is increasing due to population growth, medical advances, and increased disease.  Availability of a stable blood supply is critical for healthcare organizations and requires effective donor recruitment and retention strategies. This systematic review paper examines the development and implementation of predictive models using machine learning techniques to classify and predict blood donor retention rates. The aim is to analyze the existing literature and provide insights into the design, performance and potential of such models through a systematic search of relevant databases. The reviewed studies include a variety of machine learning approaches and algorithms used to predict blood donor retention rates. These models use various demographic, behavioral, and historical donation data to predict the likelihood of a donor returning to donate blood. The utilization of machine learning techniques, such as decision trees, logistic regression, support vector machines, and neural networks, enables accurate predictions and enable healthcare organizations to implement targeted donor retention interventions to increase blood supply. The models' predictive performance reveals their capacity to recognize donors who are not likely to return and donate blood and target retention strategies appropriately, improving donor engagement and fostering long-term commitment. Several challenges and limitations face the identified existing models. They include the need for comprehensive and high-quality data, interpretability of complex models as well as the requirement for regular model updates to accommodate changing donor behaviors. There is need for development of versatile and comprehensive models with improved accuracy that can reduce the need for constant recruitment of new donors, which is costly and time-consuming enabling blood agencies to accurately predict donor retention rates, inform donor retention strategies, and prioritize resources appropriately and ultimately saving lives.
Evaluation of sulfuric acid effect on bending strength of steel used in concrete reinforcement in sanitation structures
Authors: Athiambo Samuel Okoth , Jacob Tsuma Makanga  , Vitalis Too  , Mirara Simon
Published: April 2024

Most sanitation structures in the world are constructed using concrete which is reinforced by the steel, this type of concrete is called Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC). The RCC structure is believed to be relatively resistant to corrosion which the sanitation structures are prone to due to the aggressive environment in which they are subjected to. This belief has been compromised since the reinforced concrete used in the sanitation structures such as the concrete sewer pipes has become susceptible to Microbiologically Induced Deterioration (MID). This MID leads to degradation and compromised strength and service life of the RCC. In the reinforced concrete structure, the backbone of this structure is the reinforcing steel which when its strength is compromised by the MID, the whole structure is compromised. The present research therefore aimed at evaluating the effects of sulfuric acid, resulting from the MID process, on the bending strength of steel metal used for reinforcing concrete in sanitation structures. Reinforced concrete specimens were developed using different types of cement and different concrete cover. The three different types of cement were, Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC) and Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3), while concrete covers of 15mm and 25mm were applied. They were then subjected to a harsh environment (a sample of sewage) suitable for corrosion just like in their actual operational environment. To determine the effects of sulfuric acid resulting from MID on the steel metal, the steel metal was tested using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM). The bending strengths before and after being subjected to an aggressive environment were determined. The testing of the specimens was done at an interval of 14 days for a period of three (3) months. According to the results, for a concrete cover of 25mm, LC3 showed a minimum percentage reduction in strength compared to PPC and OPC. It had the lowest percentage reduction in strength after 84 days which was 5.25%, OPC 7.20%, and PPC 7.24%. In conclusion, there was a strength reduction for all specimens tested. LC3 showed good resistance to the effects of MID compared to PPC and OPC. In terms of concrete cover, 25mm showed good resistance to MID compared to 15mm concrete cover.
Desafíos de la bioética a partir de las categorías : cuerpo y dolor total en el final de la vida
Authors: Naranjo Quintero Verónica
Published: April 2024

In recent decades, the body has occupied an important role in theoretical analysis, it is worth saying that the body is what constitutes us and what we are. In this sense, the text seeks to resume the understanding and importance of the body from the discourse, and the bioethical contribution, in a topic as relevant as the end of life; to achieve the above, this work will address three moments: First, the category of body will be clarified from various supports to arrive at the theoretical conclusion of the importance of the same. Subsequently, in a second item, the body and total pain categories will be worked through questions pertaining to the surveys of 11 patients of the Advent-Health Hospital of Florida, to achieve a measurement of vulnerability.
Spectral imaging in process analytics using chemometrics and first principles
Authors: Luckow-Markward S. , Ostertag E. , Boldrini B. , Kessler W. , Kessler R.
Published: April 2024

Optical spectroscopy is able to detect not only the chemical composition of the species by their wavelength specific absorption k but also the morphological feature through their wavelength dependent scattering s. In standard multivariate data analysis in hyperspectral imaging, the focus of the chemometric treatment of the data cube is given on the suppression of the unwanted perturbation of multiple scatter of photons. This paper describes an approach how to separate the morphological information s (scatter) from the chemical information k (absorption) using the radiative transfer equation or Kubelka Munk theory. When this “first principle spectroscopy” is integrated into most modern multivariate data analysis like multivariate curve resolution (MCR), causality is obtained between the spectral data and response variables like the concentration of an active pharmaceutical ingredient in a tablet. With this approach, the spatially resolved calculated k- and s-distribution of an aspirin particle in cellactose is shown. The optical set up for real life spectral imaging in industry is discussed and examples of spectral images to control the thickness of thin films on metals, the distribution of a resin on a wood chip and the differentiation of hard and soft maize kernels are shown.