bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The association of myocardial strain with cardiac magnetic resonance and clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocarditis
Authors: Soeiro Alexandre M. , Bossa Aline S. , César Maria C. , Leal Tatiana C. A. T. , Garcia Guilherme , Fonseca Rafael A. , Nakamura Débora , Guimarães Patrícia O. , Soeiro Maria C. F. A. , Serrano Carlos V. , Soares Paulo R. , Mueller Christian , Mebazaa Alexandre , Fernandes Fábio , Nomura Cesar H. , Rochitte Carlos E. , de Oliveira Múcio T.
Published: July 2023

Introduction

The role of myocardial strain in risk prediction for acute myocarditis (AMC) patients, measured by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), deserves further investigation. Our objective was to evaluate the association between myocardial strain measured by CMR and clinical events in AMC patients.

Material and methods

This was a prospective single-center study of patients with AMC. We included 100 patients with AMC with CMR confirmation. The primary outcome was the composite of all-cause mortality, heart failure and AMC recurrence in 24 months. A subgroup analysis was performed on a sample of 36 patients who underwent a second CMR between 6 and 18 months. The association between strain measures and clinical events or an increase in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was explored using Cox regression analysis. Global peak radial, circumferential and longitudinal strain in the left and right ventricles was assessed. ROC curve analysis was performed to identify cutoff points for clinical event prediction.

Results

The mean follow-up was 18.7 ± 2.3 months, and the composite primary outcome occurred in 26 patients. The median LVEF at CMR at baseline was 57.5% (14.6%). LV radial strain (HR = 0.918, 95% CI: 0.858–0.982, p = 0.012), LV circumferential strain (HR = 1.177, 95% CI: 1.046–1.325, p = 0.007) and LV longitudinal strain (HR = 1.173, 95% CI: 1.031–1.334, p = 0.015) were independently associated with clinical event occurrence. The areas under the ROC curve for clinical event prediction were 0.80, 0.79 and 0.80 for LV radial, circumferential, and longitudinal strain, respectively. LV longitudinal strain was independently correlated with prognosis (HR = 1.282, CI 95%: 1.022–1.524, p = 0.007), even when analyzed together with ejection fraction and delayed enhancement. LV and right ventricle (RV) strain were not associated with an increase in LVEF. Finally, when the initial CMR findings were compared with the follow-up CMR findings, improvements in the measures of LV and RV myocardial strain were observed.

Conclusion

Measurement of myocardial strain by CMR can provide prognostic information on AMC patients. LV radial, circumferential and longitudinal strain were associated with long-term clinical events in these patients.
Fibrin deposition on bovine pericardium tissue used for bioprosthetic heart valve drives its calcification
Authors: Poitier Bastien , Rancic Jeanne , Richez Ulysse , Piquet Julie , El Batti Salma , Smadja David M.
Published: July 2023

Background

Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) are less thrombogenic than mechanical prostheses; however, BHV thrombosis has been proposed as a risk factor for premature BHV degeneration.

Objectives

We aimed to explore whether fibrin deposition on bovine pericardium tissue could lead to calcification.

Method

Fibrin clot was obtained by blending three reagents, namely, CRYOcheck™ Pooled Normal Plasma (4/6), tissue factor + phospholipids (Thrombinoscope BV), and 100 mM calcium (1/6), and deposited on pericardium discs. Non-treated and fibrin-treated bovine pericardium discs were inserted into the subcutaneous tissue of 12-day-old Wistar rats and sequentially explanted on days 5, 10, and 15. Calcium content was measured with acetylene flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Histological analysis was performed using hematoxylin–eosin staining, Von Kossa staining, and immunohistochemistry.

Results

Calcification levels were significantly higher in fibrin-treated bovine pericardium discs compared to those in non-treated bovine pericardium discs (27.45 ± 23.05 µg/mg vs. 6.34 ± 6.03 µg/mg on day 5, 64.34 ± 27.12 µg/mg vs. 34.21 ± 19.11 µg/mg on day 10, and 64.34 ± 27.12 µg/mg vs. 35.65 ± 17.84 µg/mg on day 15; p < 0.001). Von Kossa staining confirmed this finding. In hematoxylin–eosin staining, the bovine pericardium discs were more extensively and deeply colonized by inflammatory-like cells, particularly T lymphocytes (CD3+ cells), when pretreated with fibrin.

Conclusion

Fibrin deposition on bovine pericardium tissue treated with glutaraldehyde, used for BHV, led to increased calcification in a rat model. BHV thrombosis could be one of the triggers for calcification and BHV deterioration.
Sex differences in patterns of referral and resource utilization in the cardiology clinic: an outpatient analysis
Authors: Vicent Lourdes , Rosillo Nicolás , Moreno Guillermo , Salguero-Bodes Rafael , Goñi Clara , Bernal José Luis , Seara Germán , Bueno Héctor
Published: July 2023

Aims

Women may have different management patterns than men in specialised care. Our aim was to assess potential sex differences in referral, management and outcomes of patients attending outpatient cardiac consultations.

Methods and results

Retrospective observational analysis of patients ≥18 years referred for the first time from primary care to a tertiary hospital cardiology clinic in 2017–2018, comparing reasons for referral, decisions and post-visit outcomes by sex.

A total of 5,974 patients, 2,452 (41.0%) men aged 59.2 ± 18.6 years and 3,522 (59.0%) women aged 64.5 ± 17.9 years (P < 0.001) were referred for a first cardiology consultation. The age-related referral rates were higher in women. The most common reasons for consultation were palpitations in women (n = 676; 19.2%) and ECG abnormalities in men (n = 570; 23.2%). Delays to cardiology visits and additional tests were similar. During 24 months of follow-up, women had fewer cardiology hospitalisations (204; 5.8% vs. 229; 9.3%; P = 0.003) and lower mortality (65; 1.8% vs. 66; 2.7%; P = 0.028), but those aged <65 years had more emergency department visits (756; 48.5% vs. 560; 39.9%, P < 0.001) than men.

Conclusion

There are substantial sex differences in primary care cardiology referral patterns, including causes, rates, decisions and outcomes, which are only partially explained by age differences. Further research is needed to understand the reasons for these differences.
Dilemmas concerning heart procurement in controlled donation after circulatory death
Authors: Kaffka genaamd Dengler S. E. , Vervoorn M. T. , Brouwer M. , de Jonge J. , van der Kaaij N. P.
Published: July 2023

With an expanding population at risk for heart failure and the resulting increase in patients admitted to the waiting list for heart transplantation, the demand of viable organs exceeds the supply of suitable donor hearts. Use of hearts after circulatory death has reduced this deficit. Two primary techniques for heart procurement in circulatory death donors have been described: direct procurement and perfusion and thoraco-abdominal normothermic regional perfusion. While the former has been accepted as an option for heart procurement in circulatory death donors, the latter technique has raised some ethical questions in relation to the dead donor rule. In this paper we discuss the current dilemmas regarding these heart procurement protocols in circulatory death donors.
Advanced searching for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy heritability in real practice tomorrow
Authors: Chumakova Olga S. , Baulina Natalia M.
Published: July 2023

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiac disease associated with morbidity and mortality at any age. As studies in recent decades have shown, the genetic architecture of HCM is quite complex both in the entire population and in each patient. In the rapidly advancing era of gene therapy, we have to provide a detailed molecular diagnosis to our patients to give them the chance for better and more personalized treatment. In addition to emphasizing the importance of genetic testing in routine practice, this review aims to discuss the possibility to go a step further and create an expanded genetic panel that contains not only variants in core genes but also new candidate genes, including those located in deep intron regions, as well as structural variations. It also highlights the benefits of calculating polygenic risk scores based on a combination of rare and common genetic variants for each patient and of using non-genetic HCM markers, such as microRNAs that can enhance stratification of risk for HCM in unselected populations alongside rare genetic variants and clinical factors. While this review is focusing on HCM, the discussed issues are relevant to other cardiomyopathies.
Effects of Advanced Platelet Rich Fibrin (A-PRF+), Enamel Matrix Derivative (EMD) and Open Flap Debridement on clinical and wound healing parameters in molar furcation sites: A case series from a RCT study
Authors: Pitzurra L. , Vasdravellis D. , Rosema N.A.M. , Bizzarro S. , Loos B.G.
Published: July 2023

Aim

To study the effects of advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF+) and enamel matrix derivative (EMD) compared to open flap debridement (OFD) alone in molar furcation sites grade II on clinical and wound healing parameters.

Materials and methods

A randomized controlled trial was designed. Eligible patients were randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups: A-PRF+, EMD or OFD. The patients and clinical examiners were blinded for the treatment received. A minimally invasive microsurgical approach was performed for the three modalities. Clinical measurements were scored at baseline and 6 months post-operatively. The clinical healing of each furcation was scored via the Early Wound Healing Index on day 3, 1 week, 2 weeks and 6 weeks.

Results

17 patients (A-PRF+ n = 6, EMD n = 5, OFD n = 6) completed the 6 months of follow-up. The further completion of the trial had to be cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In three patients in the A-PRF+ group, the grade II of the treated furcation regressed to grade I; the corresponding number in the EMD and OFD groups was zero and one respectively. Further, 3, 1 and 4 patients in the PRF, EMD and OFD groups respectively, showed a gain of bone level ≥1 mm. The defects in the A-PRF+ group showed delayed early healing compared to the EMD and OFD groups.

Conclusion

The case series (RCT design) suggests a slight advantage for A-PRF+ over EMD and OFD, regarding the regressing of a furcation II to grade I; however this treatment showed delayed early wound healing compared to EMD or OFD.

Clinical Trial Registration

https://www.isrctn.com/, identifier ISRCTN13520922.
Nonlinear transient voltage and frequency-coordinated control strategy for the renewable energy sending system
Authors: Wang Qiwei , Zhang Kun , Ma Shaohua , Chen Zhe , Cheng Songqing
Published: July 2023

In order to ensure that the voltage and frequency of the sending system with a high proportion of renewable energy access under transient port energy impact can be controlled within the allowed fluctuation range, a nonlinear multi-objective transient voltage and frequency-coordinated control strategy for the renewable energy sending system is proposed in this paper. First, the dynamic balance characteristics of the renewable energy sending system under transient energy impact are analyzed by establishing an equivalent power source model, and the frequency and voltage state equation of the sending system considering transient energy impact is studied and established. Then, considering the supporting effect of energy storage on the voltage and frequency of the renewable energy sending system, a nonlinear transient frequency and voltage-coordinated control model of the renewable energy sending system is proposed. Finally, the aforementioned conclusions are verified by simulation analysis. The simulation results show that the proposed control method can realize voltage and frequency stability control under transient energy. The effective energy tracking control algorithm can better utilize the fast energy regulation characteristics of battery energy storage, which can effectively reduce the fluctuation amplitude of the transmission system and restore synchronization in a short time. The voltage frequency control algorithm can significantly reduce the amplitude of voltage and frequency fluctuations, and can realize the rapid suppression of voltage and frequency fluctuations.
Deep learning time pattern attention mechanism-based short-term load forecasting method
Authors: Liao Wei , Ruan Jiaqi , Xie Yinghua , Wang Qingwei , Li Jing , Wang Ruoyu , Zhao Junhua
Published: July 2023

Accurate load forecasting is crucial to improve the stability and cost-efficiency of smart grid operations. However, how to integrate multiple significant factors for enhancing load forecasting performance is insufficiently investigated in previous studies. To fill the gap, this study proposes a novel hybrid deep learning model for short-term load forecasting. First, the long short-term memory network is utilized to capture patterns from historical load data. Second, a time pattern attention (TPA) mechanism is incorporated to improve feature extraction and learning capabilities. By discerning valuable features and eliminating irrelevant ones, the TPA mechanism enhances the learning process. Third, fully-connected layers are employed to integrate external factors such as climatic conditions, economic indicators, and temporal aspects. This comprehensive approach facilitates a deeper understanding of the impact of these factors on load profiles, leading to the development of a highly accurate load forecasting model. Rigorous experimental evaluations demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed approach in comparison to existing state-of-the-art load forecasting methodologies.
Transient energy transfer control of frequency-coupled energy storage devices in low inertia prosumer energy systems
Authors: Feng Zhihui , Li Wanwei , Bai Wangwang , Zhang Baoze , Zhang Zhongdan , Chen Boyang , Cui Yan
Published: July 2023

If the energy source of rotational inertia is expanded to include the stored static energy, the transient stability of prosumer energy systems is enhanced by the energy transfer between frequency-coupled hybrid energy storage device (HESD) and synchronous generator (SG). In this paper, first, the conversion relationships between the stored energy in the battery and capacitor, and the mechanical kinetic energy of SG are established. Subsequently, the virtual inertia hidden in HESD is obtained for the frequency-coupled capability. Second, the small disturbance model of a prosumer energy system with virtual inertia is derived, and the impact of frequency-coupled HESD on frequency stability and damping characteristics is analyzed. Third, based on the mechanism analysis of system transient stability, a novel energy transfer control strategy adapted to the HESD is proposed. By sharing transient energy between the SG and HESD, both the frequency variation and rotor angle oscillation can be prevented using a unified controller. Last, a typical test system with high penetration of photovoltaic (PV) arrays is implemented on a hardware-in-the-loop platform. The results demonstrate that under the proposed control strategy, the transient stability of prosumer energy systems with frequency-coupled HESD can be significantly improved.
Environmental evaluation of family house materials impacts on climate change, land and water use, acidification and ecotoxicity
Authors: Fabianova Martina , Estokova Adriana
Published: July 2023

The construction industry plays a significant role in contributing to various environmental impacts, including climate change, acidification, and ecotoxicity, among others. This research paper presents a scientific analysis focused on the environmental evaluation of a masonry residential house by life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. Specifically, it investigates the environmental impacts associated with the production phase of materials using the SimaPro software, which employs the Ecoinvent database. The ReCiPe method is utilized to calculate the comprehensive environmental impacts, with particular emphasis on climate change, terrestrial acidification, ecotoxicity, land use, and water use. To accurately determine the environmental impacts of the house materials, an allocation approach is employed, taking into account the function and location of the materials within individual structures. The calculated share of climate change per house materials amounted to 21.59 kg CO2 eq/m2/year, while the share on water scarcity was estimated at 15.87 m3/m2/year. The research findings reveal that vertical structures exhibit the highest environmental impacts across all impact categories, while horizontal structures demonstrate comparatively lower values.
Causal relationships between telomere length and liver disease: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhu Shuangjing , Yang Mengtao , Wang Ting , Ding Zhen
Published: July 2023

Background: Leukocyte telomere length and hepatic disorders have been linked in various research studies, although their causative association has not been clarified. This study investigated the causal relationship between the length of telomeres on peripheral blood leukocytes and certain liver disorders.

Methods: Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to examine the relationship between leukocyte telomere length and risk of liver disease using the publicly accessible worldwide gene-wide association study (GWAS) database. The weighted mode, weighted median, and inverse variance weighted (IVW) methods were employed as supplements to the IVW approach, which is the main analytical method.

Results: Leukocytes with longer telomeres may have a lower risk of developing cirrhosis [OR = 0.645 (0.524, 0.795), p = 3.977E-05] and a higher chance of developing benign liver tumors [OR = 3.087 (1.721, 5.539), p = 1.567E-04]. There was no direct link between telomere length and fatty liver, hepatic fibrosis, or liver cancer. Our findings in the replication analysis agreed with those of the previous studies.

Conclusion: Further research is needed to examine the mechanisms underlying the probable causal association between the length of leukocyte telomeres and cirrhosis and benign liver cancer.
IL-6 and IL-27 play both distinct and redundant roles in regulating CD4 T-cell responses during chronic viral infection
Authors: Harker James A. , Greene Trever T. , Barnett Burton E. , Bao Phuc , Dolgoter Aleksandr , Zuniga Elina I.
Published: July 2023

The IL-6 cytokine family signals through the common signal transduction molecule gp130 combined with a cytokine-specific receptor. Gp130 signaling on CD4 T cells is vital in controlling chronic infection of mice with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus clone 13 (LCMV Cl13), but the precise role of individual members of the IL-6 cytokine family is not fully understood. Transcriptional analysis highlighted the importance of gp130 signaling in promoting key processes in CD4 T cells after LCMV Cl13 infection, particularly genes associated with T follicular helper (Tfh) cell differentiation and IL-21 production. Further, Il27r−/−Il6ra−/− mice failed to generate antibody or CD8 T-cell immunity and to control LCMV Cl13. Transcriptomics and phenotypic analyses of Il27r−/−Il6ra−/− Tfh cells revealed that IL-6R and IL-27R signaling was required to activate key pathways within CD4 T cells. IL-6 and IL-27 signaling has distinct and overlapping roles, with IL-6 regulating Tfh differentiation, IL-27 regulating CD4 T cell survival, and both redundantly promoting IL-21.
Gene loss and co-option of toll-like receptors facilitate paternal immunological adaptation in the brood pouch of pregnant male seahorses
Authors: Zhang Bo , Xiao Wanghong , Qin Geng , Chen Zelin , Qiu Lihua , Wang Xin , Lin Qiang
Published: July 2023

Male pregnancy in syngnathids (seahorses, pipefishes, and sea dragons) is an evolutionary innovation in the animal kingdom. Paternal immune resistance to the fetus is a critical challenge, particularly in seahorses with fully enclosed brood pouches and sophisticated placentas. In this study, comparative genomic analysis revealed that all syngnathid species lost three vertebrate-conserved Toll-like receptors (TLR1, TLR2, and TLR9), of which all play essential roles in immune protection and immune tolerance in the uterus and placenta. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that the TLR paralog genes including TLR18, TLR25, and TLR21 were highly expressed in the placenta inside the seahorse brood pouch and changed dynamically during the breeding cycle, suggesting the potentially important role of the TLRs during male pregnancy. Furthermore, the immune challenge test in vitro showed a remarkable expression response from all three TLR genes to specific pathogenic antigens, confirming their immune function in seahorse brood pouches. Notably, the altered antigen recognition spectrum of these genes appeared to functionally compensate in part for the lost TLRs, in contrast to that observed in other species. Therefore, we suggest that gene loss and co-option of TLRs may be a typical evolutionary strategy for facilitating paternal immunological adaptation during male pregnancy.
The role of macrophage ion channels in the progression of atherosclerosis
Authors: Wu Xin , Singla Sidhant , Liu Jianhua J. , Hong Liang
Published: July 2023

Atherosclerosis is a complex inflammatory disease that affects the arteries and can lead to severe complications such as heart attack and stroke. Macrophages, a type of immune cell, play a crucial role in atherosclerosis initiation and progression. Emerging studies revealed that ion channels regulate macrophage activation, polarization, phagocytosis, and cytokine secretion. Moreover, macrophage ion channel dysfunction is implicated in macrophage-derived foam cell formation and atherogenesis. In this context, exploring the regulatory role of ion channels in macrophage function and their impacts on the progression of atherosclerosis emerges as a promising avenue for research. Studies in the field will provide insights into novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
Nivolumab plus Brentuximab vedotin +/- bendamustine combination therapy: a safe and effective treatment in pediatric recurrent and refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Greve Patrick , Beishuizen Auke , Hagleitner Melanie , Loeffen Jan , Veening Margreet , Boes Marianne , Peperzak Victor , Diez Claudius , Meyer-Wentrup Friederike
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is the most common pediatric lymphoma. Approximately 10% of patients develop refractory or recurrent disease. These patients are treated with intensive chemotherapy followed by consolidation with radiotherapy or high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell reinfusion. Although this treatment is effective, it comes at the cost of severe long-term adverse events, such as reduced fertility and an increased risk of secondary cancers. Recently, promising results of inducing remission with the immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab (targeting PD-1) and the anti-CD30 antibody-drug conjugate Brentuximab vedotin (BV) +/- bendamustine were published.

Methods

Here we describe a cohort of 10 relapsed and refractory pediatric cHL patients treated with nivolumab + BV +/- bendamustine to induce remission prior to consolidation with standard treatment.

Results and discussion

All patients achieved complete remission prior to consolidation treatment and are in ongoing complete remission with a median follow-up of 25 months (range: 12 to 42 months) after end-of-treatment. Only one adverse event of CTCAE grade 3 or higher due to nivolumab + BV was identified. Based on these results we conclude that immunotherapy with nivolumab + BV +/- bendamustine is an effective and safe treatment to induce remission in pediatric R/R cHL patients prior to standard consolidation treatment. We propose to evaluate this treatment further to study putative long-term toxicity and the possibility to reduce the intensity of consolidation treatment.
Natural polysaccharide-based hydrogel bioprinting for articular cartilage repair
Authors: Wu Xuerui , Cheng Xueliang , Kang Mingyang , Dong Rongpeng , Zhao Jianwu , Qu Yang
Published: July 2023

Tissue engineering represents a promising approach for impaired articular cartilage tissue regeneration. 3D printed hydrogels have become an emerging tissue engineering strategy because they closely mimic the physical and biochemical characteristics of the extracellular matrix. The formulation of hydrogel ink holds significant importance in attaining a precisely defined scaffold, which could exhibit excellent shape fidelity post-printing. Natural polysaccharide-based hydrogels are a highly promising class of scaffold biomaterials for articular cartilage regeneration in the field of material science and tissue engineering. These hydrogels are particularly advantageous due to their exceptional water absorption capacity, biodegradability, adjustable porosity, and biocompatibility, which closely resemble those of the natural extracellular matrix. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the key characteristics, functions, and research progress in 3D printing technology for natural polysaccharide-based hydrogels. Specifically, this review categorizes the commonly used natural polysaccharide-based hydrogel materials in cartilage tissue engineering, and summarizes the classic literature in this area. In the end, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the challenges and potential applications of natural polysaccharide-based hydrogels in cartilage tissue engineering.
Hyperkalemia in CKD: an overview of available therapeutic strategies
Authors: Costa Davide , Patella Gemma , Provenzano Michele , Ielapi Nicola , Faga Teresa , Zicarelli Mariateresa , Arturi Franco , Coppolino Giuseppe , Bolignano Davide , De Sarro Giovambattista , Bracale Umberto Marcello , De Nicola Luca , Chiodini Paolo , Serra Raffaele , Andreucci Michele
Published: July 2023

Hyperkalemia (HK) is a life-threatening condition that often occurs in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). High serum potassium (sKsK) is responsible for a higher risk of end-stage renal disease, arrhythmias and mortality. This risk increases in patients that discontinue cardio-nephroprotective renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitor (RAASi) therapy after developing HK. Hence, the management of HK deserves the attention of the clinician in order to optimize the therapeutic strategies of chronic treatment of HK in the CKD patient. The adoption in clinical practice of the new hypokalaemic agents patiromer and sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) for the prevention and chronic treatment of HK could allow patients, suffering from heart failure and chronic renal failure, to continue to benefit from RAASi therapy. We have updated a narrative review of the clear variables, correct definition, epidemiology, pathogenesis, etiology and classifications for HK among non-dialysis CKD (ND CKD) patients. Furthermore, by describing the prognostic impact on mortality and on the progression of renal damage, we want to outline the strategies currently available for the control of potassium (K+) plasma levels.
An overview of systematic reviews of acupuncture for diabetic gastroparesis
Authors: Li Ting , Yu Mingchen , Han Lulu , Feng Bo , Sun Fenglei
Published: July 2023

Background

To date, several systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses (SRs/MAs) on the topic of acupuncture as a treatment for diabetic gastroparesis (DGP) have been published. However, whether acupuncture is an effective and safe treatment for DGP remains controversial. In this study, we aimed to determine whether the methodology and results of previously published SRs/MAs of acupuncture as a treatment for DGP were of sufficient quality to be considered reliable.

Methods

We extensively searched seven databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge, Wan Fang, and Chongqing VIP, for SRs/MAs published before or on September 16, 2022. The SRs/MAs that met the inclusion criteria were evaluated for the quality of the methodology and results using the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews Two (AMSTAR-2) and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tools. A re-meta-analysis of primary outcome indicators was also performed.

Results

Ten SRs/MAs that met the inclusion criteria were obtained. Using the AMSTAR-2, which is a methodological quality assessment tool, two MAs were rated as low quality, and eight SRs/MAs were rated as extremely low quality. Assessment with the GRADE tool revealed that, among 20 results, 4 were of moderate quality, 10 were of low quality, and 6 were of very low quality. Re-meta-analysis of primary outcome indicators revealed that, in terms of total efficiency, all types of acupuncture interventions, such as acupuncture, electroacupuncture, and acupoint injection, performed better than the controls, such as gastroprokinetic agents and sham acupuncture. Moreover, in the treatment of DGP, acupuncture exhibited fewer side effects compared to the controls.

Conclusion

Acupuncture appears to improve the symptoms of patients with DGP, and the side effects of acupuncture as a treatment for DGP are inferior to those of the controls. However, owing to the low quality of the methodology and results of the SRs/MAs, these findings cannot be considered reliable and need to be validated by additional studies with rigorous standards of experimental design and protocols and larger sample sizes.
Prognostic value of right ventricular dilatation on computed tomography pulmonary angiogram for predicting adverse clinical events in severe COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Beyls Christophe , Vial Jeremie , Lefebvre Thomas , Muller Charlotte , Hanquiez Thomas , Besserve Patricia , Guilbart Mathieu , Haye Guillaume , Bernasinski Michael , Huette Pierre , Dupont Hervé , Abou-Arab Osama , Jounieaux Vincent , Mahjoub Yazine
Published: July 2023

Background

Right ventricle dilatation (RVD) is a common complication of non-intubated COVID-19 pneumonia caused by pro-thrombotic pneumonitis, intra-pulmonary shunting, and pulmonary vascular dysfunction. In several pulmonary diseases, RVD is routinely measured on computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) by the right ventricle-to-left ventricle (LV) diameter ratio > 1 for predicting adverse events.

Objective

The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between RVD and the occurrence of adverse events in a cohort of critically ill non-intubated COVID-19 patients.

Methods

Between February 2020 and February 2022, non-intubated patients admitted to the Amiens University Hospital intensive care unit for COVID-19 pneumonia with CTPA performed within 48 h of admission were included. RVD was defined by an RV/LV diameter ratio greater than one measured on CTPA. The primary outcome was the occurrence of an adverse event (renal replacement therapy, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, 30-day mortality after ICU admission).

Results

Among 181 patients, 62% (n = 112/181) presented RVD. The RV/LV ratio was 1.10 [1.05–1.18] in the RVD group and 0.88 [0.84–0.96] in the non-RVD group (p = 0.001). Adverse clinical events were 30% and identical in the two groups (p = 0.73). In Receiving operative curves (ROC) analysis, the RV/LV ratio measurement failed to identify patients with adverse events. On multivariable Cox analysis, RVD was not associated with adverse events to the contrary to chest tomography severity score > 10 (hazards ratio = 1.70, 95% CI [1.03–2.94]; p = 0.04) and cardiovascular component (> 2) of the SOFA score (HR = 2.93, 95% CI [1.44–5.95], p = 0.003).

Conclusion

Right ventricle (RV) dilatation assessed by RV/LV ratio was a common CTPA finding in non-intubated critical patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and was not associated with the occurrence of clinical adverse events.
Progress in etiological diagnosis of viral meningitis
Authors: Xu Hongyan , Chen Peng , Guo Shihan , Shen Xiaokai , Lu Yun
Published: July 2023

In recent years, with the rapid development of molecular biology techniques such as polymerase chain reaction and molecular biochip, the etiological diagnosis of viral encephalitis has a very big step forward. At present, the etiological examination of viral meningitis mainly includes virus isolation, serological detection and molecular biological nucleic acid detection. This article reviews the progress in etiological diagnosis of viral meningitis.
Factors associated with stress-related symptoms among people with epilepsy in Ethiopia, a cross-sectional study
Authors: Seid Jemal , Gebrehiwot Birhane , Andualem Fantahun , Kassaye Abenet , Mohammed Jemal , Akele Mulugeta
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Stress is a common psychological problem present in people with epilepsy and has a serious impact on the health-related satisfaction of people with epilepsy and their cohabiters. This study aimed to assess the magnitude and related factors of stress.

Methods

A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 301 systematically chosen people with epilepsy. The seven stress-related items of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress -21 questionnaire was used to measure stress. Data were entered using Epi Info and analyzed by SPSS version 25. Predictors with a p-value < 0.20 in the bivariate logistic regression were transferred into the multivariate model. A p-value of less than 0.05 was viewed as statistically significant.

Result

The prevalence of stress symptoms in this study was 23.9%. Daily labor occupational status with Adjusted Odds ratio [(AOR) = 0.042, 95% CI: 0.004, 0.469], onset of illness at the age of 18 years and above (AOR = 0.188, 95% CI: 0.046, 0.771), perceived stigma (AOR = 3.320, 95% CI: 1.345, 8.200), the presence of anxiety symptoms (AOR = 8.275, 95% CI: 3.345, 20.471), and belief that the condition is untreatable (AOR = 6.360, 95% CI: 1.647, 24.562) were significantly associated factors.

Conclusion

The occurrence of stress was high, and it reinforced that there is a requisite for the identification and handling of stress-related symptoms among people with epilepsy.
Rhythm-based assessment and training for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a feasibility study protocol
Authors: Shin Hye Jin , Lee Hyun Ju , Kang Dahyun , Kim Johanna Inhyang , Jeong Eunju
Published: July 2023

Background

The timing-related deficits in individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) contribute to the symptom-related difficulties and cognitive impairments. Current assessment and training measurement only target specific aspects of the timing ability, highlighting the need for more advanced tools to address timing deficits in ADHD. The aim of this study is to develop and validate a rhythm-based assessment and training (RAT) program, which intends to provide a comprehensive understanding of and enhancement to the time-related abilities of children with ADHD, thereby demonstrating its clinical efficacy.

Methods

We will use randomized crossover trials in this study, with participants being randomly assigned to either start with the RAT and then proceed to cognitive training or start with cognitive training and then proceed to the RAT. Both groups will undergo pre- and post- evaluations. The evaluation will be administered immediately before and after the 4-week training period using diagnostic questionnaires, cognitive evaluation tools, and resting electroencephalography (EEG) measurements. Notably, EEG measurements will be conducted concurrently with the RAT evaluations.

Discussion

This study develops and evaluates the feasibility and effectiveness of a RAT while using EEG measurements to elucidate the underlying therapeutic mechanism of auditory rhythm at varying levels of complexity. The study will investigate the potential of RAT as a supplementary or alternative approach for managing ADHD. The multifaceted data collected will yield valuable insights to customize training agendas based on individual developmental stages and prognoses.
PiE: an open-source pipeline for home cage behavioral analysis
Authors: Benedict Jessie , Cudmore Robert H.
Published: July 2023

Over the last two decades a growing number of neuroscience labs are conducting behavioral assays in rodents. The equipment used to collect this behavioral data must effectively limit environmental and experimenter disruptions, to avoid confounding behavior data. Proprietary behavior boxes are expensive, offer limited compatible sensors, and constrain analysis with closed-source hardware and software. Here, we introduce PiE, an open-source, end-to-end, user-configurable, scalable, and inexpensive behavior assay system. The PiE system includes the custom-built behavior box to hold a home cage, as well as software enabling continuous video recording and individual behavior box environmental control. To limit experimental disruptions, the PiE system allows the control and monitoring of all aspects of a behavioral experiment using a remote web browser, including real-time video feeds. To allow experiments to scale up, the PiE system provides a web interface where any number of boxes can be controlled, and video data easily synchronized to a remote location. For the scoring of behavior video data, the PiE system includes a standalone desktop application that streamlines the blinded manual scoring of large datasets with a focus on quality control and assay flexibility. The PiE system is ideal for all types of behavior assays in which video is recorded. Users are free to use individual components of this setup independently, or to use the entire pipeline from data collection to analysis. Alpha testers have included scientists without prior coding experience. An example pipeline is demonstrated with the PiE system enabling the user to record home cage maternal behavior assays, synchronize the resulting data, conduct blinded scoring, and import the data into R for data visualization and analysis.
Whole-brain structure–function coupling abnormalities in mild cognitive impairment: a study combining amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations and voxel-based morphometry
Authors: Zhao Rong , Wang Pan , Liu Lin , Zhang Fanyu , Hu Peng , Wen Jiaping , Li Hongyi , Biswal Bharat B.
Published: July 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), one of the leading diseases of the nervous system, is accompanied by symptoms such as loss of memory, thinking and language skills. Both mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and very mild cognitive impairment (VMCI) are the transitional pathological stages between normal aging and AD. While the changes in whole-brain structural and functional information have been extensively investigated in AD, The impaired structure–function coupling remains unknown. The current study employed the OASIS-3 dataset, which includes 53 MCI, 90 VMCI, and 100 Age-, gender-, and education-matched normal controls (NC). Several structural and functional parameters, such as the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF), voxel-based morphometry (VBM), and The ALFF/VBM ratio, were used To estimate The whole-brain neuroimaging changes In MCI, VMCI, and NC. As disease symptoms became more severe, these regions, distributed in the frontal-inf-orb, putamen, and paracentral lobule in the white matter (WM), exhibited progressively increasing ALFF (ALFFNC < ALFFVMCI < ALFFMCI), which was similar to the tendency for The cerebellum and putamen in the gray matter (GM). Additionally, as symptoms worsened in AD, the cuneus/frontal lobe in the WM and the parahippocampal gyrus/hippocampus in the GM showed progressively decreasing structure–function coupling. As the typical focal areas in AD, The parahippocampal gyrus and hippocampus showed significant positive correlations with the severity of cognitive impairment, suggesting the important applications of the ALFF/VBM ratio in brain disorders. On the other hand, these findings from WM functional signals provided a novel perspective for understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms involved In cognitive decline in AD.
Defining a Continuous Glucose Baseline to assess the impact of nutritional interventions
Authors: Chkroun Célina , Trouwborst Inez , Cherta-Murillo Anna , Owen Lauren , Darimont Christian , Rytz Andreas
Published: July 2023

Accurate and robust estimation of individuals’ basal glucose level is a crucial measure in nutrition research but is typically estimated from one or more morning fasting samples. The use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) devices presents an opportunity to define more robust basal glucose levels, which estimates can be generalized to any time of the day. However, to date, no standardized method has been delineated. The current paper seeks to define a reliable algorithm to characterize the individual’s basal glucose level over 24 h from CGM measurements. Data drawn from four nutritional intervention studies performed on adults free from chronic diseases were used to define that basal glucose levels were optimally estimated using the 40th percentile of the previous 24 h CGM data. This simple algorithm provides a Continuous Glucose Baseline over 24 h (24 h-CGB) that is an unbiased and highly correlated estimator (r = 0.86, p-value < 0.01) of standard fasting glucose. We conclude that 24-CGB can provide reliable basal glucose estimates across the day while being more robust to interference than standard fasting glucose, adaptable to evolving daily routines and providing useful reference values for free-living nutritional intervention research in non-diabetic individuals.
Predictive value of the resistance of the probe to pass through the lesion in the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions using radial probe endobronchial ultrasound with a guide sheath
Authors: Hu Zhenli , Tian Sen , Wang Xiangqi , Wang Qin , Gao Li , Shi Yuxuan , Li Xiang , Tang Yilian , Zhang Wei , Dong Yuchao , Bai Chong , Huang Haidong
Published: July 2023

Background

Transbronchial lung biopsy guided by radial probe endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath (EBUS-GS-TBLB) is becoming a significant approach for diagnosing peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs). We aimed to explore the clinical value of the resistance of the probe to pass through the lesion in the diagnosis of PPLs when performing EBUS-GS-TBLB, and to determine the optimum number of EBUS-GS-TBLB.

Methods

We performed a prospective, single-center study of 126 consecutive patients who underwent EBUS-GS-TBLB for solid and positive-bronchus-sign PPLs where the probe was located within the lesion from September 2019 to May 2022. The classification of probe resistance for each lesion was carried out by two bronchoscopists independently, and the final result depended on the bronchoscopist responsible for the procedures. The primary endpoint was the diagnostic yield according with the resistance pattern. The secondary endpoints were the optimum number of EBUS-GS-TBLB and factors affecting diagnostic yield. Procedural complications were also recorded.

Results

The total diagnostic yield of EBUS-GS-TBLB was 77.8%, including 83.8% malignant and 67.4% benign diseases (P=0.033). Probe resistance type II displayed the highest diagnostic yield (87.5%), followed by type III (81.0%) and type I (61.1%). A significant difference between the diagnostic yield of malignant and benign diseases was detected in type II (P = 0.008), whereas others did not. Although most of the malignant PPLs with a definitive diagnosis using EBUS-GS-TBLB in type II or type III could be diagnosed in the first biopsy, the fourth biopsy contributed the most sufficient biopsy samples. In contrast, considerably limited tissue specimens could be obtained for each biopsy in type I. The inter-observer agreement of the two blinded bronchoscopists for the classification of probe resistance was excellent (κ = 0.84).

Conclusion

The probe resistance is a useful predictive factor for successful EBUS-GS-TBLB diagnosis of solid and positive-bronchus-sign PPLs where the probe was located within the lesion. Four serial biopsies are appropriate for both probe resistance type II and type III, and additional diagnostic procedures are needed for type I.
Emerging applications of cancer bacteriotherapy towards treatment of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Henderson Emily A. , Lukomski Slawomir , Boone Brian A.
Published: July 2023

Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive form of cancer with a five-year survival rate of only ten percent. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) accounts for ninety percent of those cases. PDAC is associated with a dense stroma that confers resistance to current treatment modalities. Increasing resistance to cancer treatments poses a challenge and a need for alternative therapies. Bacterial mediated cancer therapies were proposed in the late 1800s by Dr. William Coley when he injected osteosarcoma patients with live streptococci or a fabrication of heat-killed Streptococcus pyogenes and Serratia marcescens known as Coley’s toxin. Since then, several bacteria have gained recognition for possible roles in potentiating treatment response, enhancing anti-tumor immunity, and alleviating adverse effects to standard treatment options. This review highlights key bacterial mechanisms and structures that promote anti-tumor immunity, challenges and risks associated with bacterial mediated cancer therapies, and applications and opportunities for use in PDAC management.
Targeting MCL-1 protein to treat cancer: opportunities and challenges
Authors: Tantawy Shady I. , Timofeeva Natalia , Sarkar Aloke , Gandhi Varsha
Published: July 2023

Evading apoptosis has been linked to tumor development and chemoresistance. One mechanism for this evasion is the overexpression of prosurvival B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) family proteins, which gives cancer cells a survival advantage. Mcl-1, a member of the BCL-2 family, is among the most frequently amplified genes in cancer. Targeting myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL-1) protein is a successful strategy to induce apoptosis and overcome tumor resistance to chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Various strategies to inhibit the antiapoptotic activity of MCL-1 protein, including transcription, translation, and the degradation of MCL-1 protein, have been tested. Neutralizing MCL-1’s function by targeting its interactions with other proteins via BCL-2 interacting mediator (BIM)S2A has been shown to be an equally effective approach. Encouraged by the design of venetoclax and its efficacy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, scientists have developed other BCL-2 homology (BH3) mimetics—particularly MCL-1 inhibitors (MCL-1i)—that are currently in clinical trials for various cancers. While extensive reviews of MCL-1i are available, critical analyses focusing on the challenges of MCL-1i and their optimization are lacking. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge regarding clinically relevant MCL-1i and focus on predictive biomarkers of response, mechanisms of resistance, major issues associated with use of MCL-1i, and the future use of and maximization of the benefits from these agents.
Rod-cone signal interference in the retina shapes perception in primates
Authors: Songco-Aguas Adree , Grimes William N. , Rieke Fred
Published: July 2023

Linking the activity of neurons, circuits and synapses to human behavior is a fundamental goal of neuroscience. Meeting this goal is challenging, in part because behavior, particularly perception, often masks the complexity of the underlying neural circuits, and in part because of the significant behavioral differences between primates and animals like mice and flies in which genetic manipulations are relatively common. Here we relate circuit-level processing of rod and cone signals in the non-human primate retina to a known break in the normal seamlessness of human vision – a surprising inability to see high contrast flickering lights under specific conditions. We use electrophysiological recordings and perceptual experiments to identify key mechanisms that shape the retinal integration of rod- and cone-generated retinal signals. We then incorporate these mechanistic insights into a predicti\ve model that accurately captures the cancellation of rod- and cone-mediated responses and can explain the perceptual insensitivity to flicker.