bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metaphorical Competence in Multilingual Context of Language Acquisition and Learning
Authors: Batoréo Hanna Jakubowicz
Published: January 2019

It has been defended since Gibbs (1994) that in proper contexts people mostly use the metaphorical asset of a message rather than its literal meaning, which means that we tend to express ourselves metaphorically and that conceptual metaphors and metonymies are features of communicative interaction. In the present paper we discuss the notion of metaphorical competence (Aleshtar & Dowlatabadi, 2014: 1895) in the process of language acquisition and learning of a (multilingual) speaker in a multilingual context. Based on previous studies by Sinha and Jansen (2004), Kövecses (2005), Palmer & Sharifian (2007), Gibbs & Colston (2012) and Sharifian (2015), among others, we postulate that research in the area should be centred not exclusively on Language but on interaction in a triangle Cognition - Language - Culture, We defend the way one conceptualises the world is based on bodily experience, and is mediated by culture (cf. Yu, 2003, 2009; Batoréo, 2017a). In this study we present research from different language backgrounds both occidental (European Portuguese, English and Polish) and oriental ones (Mandarin Chinese). It focuses on conceptualization of emotions (e.g., emotional expression of feeling hungry) and moral values (e.g. courage). The analysis shows that it implies culture anchorage and/or physiological and cultural embodiment. We defend that conceptual appropriateness and metaphor awareness play a fundamental role in the acquisition of figurative language (cf. Doiz & Elizari, 2013), which is at least partially motivated, and thus can be object of insightful learning (cf. Boers et al., 2004).
Assessment of Maximum Cross-Sectional Area and Volume of the Canine Biceps Brachii – Brachialis Muscles
Authors: Vekšins Armands , Kozinda Oskars
Published: January 2019

The biceps brachii - brachialis muscles has attachment on the medial coronoid process (MCP) and proximal radius. It is considered that medial coronoid disease (MCD) can be caused by biceps brachii – brachialis muscle generated force to MCP. Computed tomography data from 31 dogs were analysed. The aim of this study was to compare biceps brachii – brachialis muscle volume and maximum cross-sectional area (mCSA) between clinically normal dogs to dogs with a MCD. Results showed that in dogs with MCD, biceps brachii - brachialis muscle volume and mCSA is smaller than in clinically normal dogs and therefore the generated muscle force cannot be considered as the main or accompanying cause of a MCD.
Privacy-Preserving Similar Patient Queries for Combined Biomedical Data
Authors: Salem Ahmed , Berrang Pascal , Humbert Mathias , Backes Michael
Published: January 2019

The decreasing costs of molecular profiling have fueled the biomedical research community with a plethora of new types of biomedical data, enabling a breakthrough towards more precise and personalized medicine. Naturally, the increasing availability of data also enables physicians to compare patients’ data and treatments easily and to find similar patients in order to propose the optimal therapy. Such similar patient queries (SPQs) are of utmost importance to medical practice and will be relied upon in future health information exchange systems. While privacy-preserving solutions have been previously studied, those are limited to genomic data, ignoring the different newly available types of biomedical data.

In this paper, we propose new cryptographic techniques for finding similar patients in a privacy-preserving manner with various types of biomedical data, including genomic, epigenomic and transcriptomic data as well as their combination. We design protocols for two of the most common similarity metrics in biomedicine: the Euclidean distance and Pearson correlation coefficient. Moreover, unlike previous approaches, we account for the fact that certain locations contribute differently to a given disease or phenotype by allowing to limit the query to the relevant locations and to assign them different weights. Our protocols are specifically designed to be highly efficient in terms of communication and bandwidth, requiring only one or two rounds of communication and thus enabling scalable parallel queries. We rigorously prove our protocols to be secure based on cryptographic games and instantiate our technique with three of the most important types of biomedical data – namely DNA, microRNA expression, and DNA methylation. Our experimental results show that our protocols can compute a similarity query over a typical number of positions against a database of 1,000 patients in a few seconds. Finally, we propose and formalize strategies to mitigate the threat of malicious users or hospitals.
Breach-Resistant Structured Encryption
Authors: Amjad Ghous , Kamara Seny , Moataz Tarik
Published: January 2019

Motivated by the problem of data breaches, we formalize a notion of security for dynamic structured encryption (STE) schemes that guarantees security against a snapshot adversary; that is, an adversary that receives a copy of the encrypted structure at various times but does not see the transcripts related to any queries. In particular, we focus on the construction of dynamic encrypted multi-maps which are used to build efficient searchable symmetric encryption schemes, graph encryption schemes and encrypted relational databases. Interestingly, we show that a form of snapshot security we refer to as breach resistance implies previously-studied notions such as a (weaker version) of history independence and write-only obliviousness. Moreover, we initiate the study of dual-secure dynamic STE constructions: schemes that are forward-private against a persistent adversary and breach-resistant against a snapshot adversary. The notion of forward privacy guarantees that updates to the encrypted structure do not reveal their association to any query made in the past. As a concrete instantiation, we propose a new dual-secure dynamic multi-map encryption scheme that outperforms all existing constructions; including schemes that are not dual-secure. Our construction has query complexity that grows with the selectivity of the query and the number of deletes since the client executed a linear-time rebuild protocol which can be de-amortized. We implemented our scheme (with the de-amortized rebuild protocol) and evaluated its concrete efficiency empirically. Our experiments show that it is highly efficient with queries taking less than 1 microsecond per label/value pair.
Genetic Diversity of Liparis loeselii in Latvia
Authors: Belogrudova Inta , Grauda Dace , Lapiņa Lita , Jakobsone Gunta , Roze Daina , Ornicāns Reinis , Fokina Oksana , Rashal Isaak
Published: January 2019

According to the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation, 75% of endangered species should be preserved in ex situ collections till 2020. The genus Liparis has a lot of recognised taxons, but only one species, Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich., grows in Europe. L. loeselii is a rare and endangered orchid species occurring in Europe. In Latvia L. loeselii is classified as the third category of endangered and protected species. To develop the best conservation strategy, the knowledge concerning the genetic differences of protected plants in a particular area is crucial. For this purpose, the genetic diversity of L. loeselii populations from different Latvian habitats was tested. The inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism method (iPBS) was used for population genetic diversity evolution. In total, 54 accessions from nine habitats were collected and analysed. L. loeselii leaves have a high content of phenols that reduce the quality of extracted DNA. It was found that the percentage of polymorph loci varied among the populations of L. loeselii growing in different habitats; some of the populations were genetically homogeneous. The genetic diversity levels of L. loeselii populations are related with the population age and the growing conditions.
Landslide Susceptibility Assessment in Constantine Region (NE Algeria) By Means of Statistical Models
Authors: Manchar Nabil , Benabbas Chaouki , Hadji Riheb , Bouaicha Foued , Grecu Florina
Published: January 2019

The purpose of the present study was to compare the prediction performances of three statistical methods, namely, information value (IV), weight of evidence (WoE) and frequency ratio (FR), for landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) at the east of Constantine region. A detailed landslide inventory of the study area with a total of 81 landslide locations was compiled from aerial photographs, satellite images and field surveys. This landslide inventory was randomly split into a testing dataset (70%) for training the models, and the remaining (30%) was used for validation purpose. Nine landslide-related factors such as slope gradient, slope aspect, elevation, distance to streams, lithology, distance to lineaments, precipitation, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and stream density were used in the landslide susceptibility analyses. The inventory was adopted to analyse the spatial relationship between these landslide factors and landslide occurrences. Based on IV, WoE and FR approaches, three landslide susceptibility zonation maps were categorized, namely, “very high, high, moderate, low, and very low”. The results were compared and validated by computing area under Road the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). From the statistics, it is noted that prediction scores of the FR, IV and WoE models are relatively similar with 73.32%, 73.95% and 79.07%, respectively. However, the map, obtained using the WoE technique, was experienced to be more suitable for the study area. Based on the results, the produced LSM can serve as a reference for planning and decision-making regarding the general use of the land.
Spektroskopi Fourier Transform Infra Red Metode Reflektansi (Atr-Ftir) Pada Optimasi Pengukuran Spektrum Vibrasi Vitamin C
Authors: Sulistyani Martin
Published: January 2019

Pengukuran spektrum vibrasi vitamin C dilakukan dengan menggunakan spektroskopi Fourier Transform Infra Red metode reflektansi (ATR-FTIR). Spektrofotometer Perkin Elmer FT-IR Model  Frontier S/N : 96772 merupakan salah satu instrumentasi yang ada di Laboratorium Kimia FMIPA Unnes dan termasuk jenis peralatan kategori 3 yaitu peralatan yang cara pengoperasian dan perawatannya sulit, resiko penggunaan tinggi, akurasi / kecermatan pengukurannya tinggi, serta sistem kerja rumit sehingga pengoperasiannya memerlukan keahlian skill laboratorium yang baik. Vitamin C mempunyai karakteristik daerah serapan yang khusus sehingga serapan tersebut mewakili gugus fungsi yang ada pada vitamin C. Spektrum vibrasi vitamin C menunjukkan adanya ikatan gugus C–H, gugus C=O, gugus C=C, gugus C–O–C, dan gugus O–H. Hasil pengukuran spektrum vitamin C variasi kuat tekan 80 (force gauge) menunjukkan absorbansi maksimal sebesar 0,0216  pada daerah bilangan gelombang 1320,14 cm-1. Hasil pengukuran spektrum vitamin C variasi waktu penekanan 30 detik menunjukkan absorbansi maksimal sebesar 0,0236 pada daerah bilangan gelombang 1319,37 cm-1. Hasil penelitian diharapkan memberikan kontribusi untuk metode pengukuran menggunakan spektroskopi FT-IR sehingga mendapatkan spektra yang baik pada pengukuran spektroskopi FT-IR mode reflektansi (ATR-FTIR) untuk karakterisasi produk penelitian dan sebagai materi pengayaan bahan ajar untuk mata kuliah kimia analisis dan kimia instrumen. Metode yang digunakan teknik analisis vibrasi molekul untuk menentukan gugus fungsi menggunakan spektroskopi FT-IR mode reflektansi (ATR-FTIR) dengan membandingkan spektrum pembacaan pellet sampel vitamin C-KBr dan mengeinterpretasi spektra yang dihasilkan.
Pengaruh Pemanasan Media PCA Berulang Terhadap Uji TPC di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Teknologi Hasil Pertanian Unand
Authors: Wati Risa Yudi
Published: January 2019

ABSTRAK

Laboratorium Mikrobiologi dan Bioteknologi Hasil Pertanian Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian adalah laboratorium untuk menguji hasil produk pertanian dari segi mikrobiologi. Untuk menghitung jumlah mikroba didalam sampel produk dilakukan uji Total Plate Count (TPC). Uji ini biasanya diikuti dengan daya simpan produk. Uji daya simpan produk berguna untuk melihat perkembangan jumlah mikroba didalam produk selama perlakuan penyimpanan. Sampel akan diuji per jam, per hari atau per minggu, tergantung jenis produk yang dibuat oleh peneliti. Untuk uji TPC digunakan media Plate Count Agar (PCA) yaitu media yang mengandung agar sehingga setelah dingin media tersebut akan menjadi padat. Untuk alasan kepraktisan, media untuk penyimpanan dibuat dalam satu kali sterilisasi dan kemudian dipanaskan kembali ketika dibutuhkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemanasan media PCA berulang terhadap uji TPC produk dan untuk mengetahui efektifitas media yang digunakan bila di panaskan berulang kali. Dari hasi penelitian didapatkan bahwa pemanasan media sampai 3 kali pemanasan masih bisa digunakan untuk uji TPC dengan hasil tidak berbeda nyata dengan media banko. Untuk pemanasan selanjutnya ke 4 dan seterusnya media tidak direkomendasikan untuk dipakai kembali karena mikroba yg tumbuh tidak optimal jumlah dan ukuranyan.. Hal ini disebabkan  karena pemanasan berulang yang terlalu sering bisa mengubah/merusak kandungan nutrisi gizi media karena untuk tumbuh dan berkembang  mikroba membutuhkan nutrisi pada media berupa molekul-molekul kecil yang dirakit untuk menyusun komponen sel-nya. pH media terlau asam mengakibatkan pertumbuhan mikroba kurang optimum karena pH optimum untuk mikroba tumbuh adalah pH netral.
Pengujian Hidrofobisitas dan Aktivitas Antibiotik terhadap Staphylococcus aureus Isolat Preputium Sapi Aceh
Authors: Dewi Maryulia , T Darmawi , Helmi Zahrial
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat karaksteristik dan aktivitas antibiotik terhadap hidrofobisitas Stapylococcus aureus isolat preputium sapi Aceh menggunakan hidrokarbon xylol dan pembaca ELLISA. Hidrofobisitas permukaan berbagai sel mikroba dapat ditentukan dengan mengukur kemampuan penempelan sel terhadap berbagai polimer atau afinitas bakteri terhadap pelarut hidrokarbon. Pengujian hidrofobisitas bakteri dilakukan pada media nutrien cair dengan modifikasi hidrokarbon xylol, menggunakan mikroplat U-bottom polystyrene 96 wells. Antibiotik yang digunakan adalah tetrasiklin, oksitetrasiklin dan fosfomisin dengan konsentrasi masing-masing 10%, 20% dan 30% (mg/mL). OD hidrofobisitas dibaca pada λ 600 nm menggunakan pembaca ELISSA. Data hasil penelitian di analisis menggunakan analysis of variance (ANOVA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aktivitas virulensi Staphylococcus aureus isolat preputium sapi Aceh berdasarkan karaksteristik hidrofobisitas tergolong positif moderat, yaitu 36,76%. Perlakuan antibiotik berpengaruh secara nyata (P<0,05) terhadap daya hidrofobisitas, sedangkan konsentrasi tidak berpengaruh secara nyata (p<0,05) terhadap daya hidrofobisitas Staphylococcus aureus isolat preputium sapi Aceh. Tetrasiklin 30% (mg/mL) mempunyai kemampuan paling baik meningkatkan hidrofobisitas Staphylococcus aureus isolat preputium sapi Aceh sebesar 36,16% menjadi 72,29%, sehingga aktivitas virulensi Staphylococcus aureus isolat preputium sapi Aceh berdasarkan karaksteristik hidrofobisitas dari positif moderat menjadi positif palsu.
PENGARUH TATO TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM DENGAN PROFITABILITAS SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA PERUSAHAAN OTOMOTIF DAN KOMPONEN
Authors: Santi Chitra
Published: January 2019

Pasar modal menyediakan sarana untuk menyalurkan dana dari pihak yang kelebihandana kepada pihak yang membutuhkan dana. Investasi merupakan suatu kegiatan pengeluarandana pada saat ini dimana untuk membeli aktiva rill atau aktiva keuangan untuk memperolehhasil yang lebih besar pada masa yang akan datang. Penelitian ini untuk menguji pengaruhTATO terhadap return saham dengan profitabilitas sebagai variabel intervening padaperusahaan otomotif dan komponen yang terdaftar di bursa efek indonesia tahun 2012-2016.Populasi dalam penelitian ini terdapat 13 perusahaan dengan sampel yang digunakan adalah12 perusahaan. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji asumsi klasikdan analisis jalur dengan bantuan program SPSS. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa variabelTATO terhadap Return saham tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan, variabel TATOberpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap profitabilitas, dan profitabilitas berpengaruh secarasignifikan terhadap Return saham. Namun berdasarkan analisis jalur secara tidak langsungTATO melalui Profitabilitas mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap Return Saham.
ANALISIS RISK PROFILE, GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, EARNING, CAPITAL GUNA MENILAI TINGKAT KESEHATAN BANK
Authors: Luayyi Sri
Published: January 2019

Analisis risk profile, good corporate governance, earning, capital guna menilai tingkat kesehatan bank yang dilakukan pada PT BPR Jwalita Trenggalek bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesehatan bank tahun 2016 dan 2017 ditinjau dari aspek Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance (GCG), Earnings, dan Capital. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer. Data primer meliputi gambaran umum perusahaan, struktur organisasi, data penilaian tata kelola, serta laporan keuangan. Teknik analisa yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan metode analisis rasio keuangan dengan cara menghitung Non Perfoming Loan, Loan to Dept Ratio, Return On Assets, Capital Adequacy Ratio, sertamengolah data peniliaian tata kelola (GCG).Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama tahun 2016 dan 2017: (1) Aspek Risk profile perusahaan berada dalam kondisi sehat dengan nilai NPL berturut-turut sebesar 4,42 persen dan 3,68 persen, LDR sebesar 80,65 persen, dan 81,80 persen. (2) Aspek GCG berada dalam kondisi sehat dengan nilai pada tahun 2016 sebesar 1,89 dan pada tahun 2017sebesar 1,85. (3) Aspek Earnings berturutut-turut berada dalam kondisi sangat sehat dengan nilai ROA sebesar 5,04 persen, dan 4,43 persen. (4) Aspek Capital berturut-turut berada dalam kondisi sangat sehat dengan nilai CAR sebesar 33,28 persen dan 56.17 persen. (5) Aspek RGEC secara keseluruhan berada dalam Peringkat Komposit 1 yaitu sangat sehat dengan nilai sebesar 88 persen.
Tests for normality as mathematical support for educational measurement software
Authors: Зыков Сергей Викторович , Незнанов Алексей Андреевич , Максименкова Ольга Вениаминовна
Published: January 2019

В статье обсуждается задача проверки гипотез о типе распределения данных, получаемых при измерениях в образовании, в программных системах. Приведён обзор критериев проверки нормальности, имеющих дискретные аппроксимации, что делает их пригодными для реализации в программных системах. Обсуждается место и необходимость применения указанных критериев при автоматизации измерений в образовании. Результаты обзора положены в основу алгоритма подбора критерия или группы критериев в программной системе, ориентированной на измерения в образовании.
Two-side bound of a root of an equation containing complete elliptic integrals
Authors: Попов Антон Юрьевич , Сачков Юрий Леонидович
Published: January 2019

Доказана единственность корня уравнения, возникающего в одной задаче геометрической теории управления. Задача состоит в изучении особенности субримановой сферы на группе Энгеля вблизи анормальной кратчайшей.

В ходе доказательства получено несколько новых неравенств для полных эллиптических интегралов. Например, доказано возрастание функцииK(k)E(k)K(k) E(k)на промежутке[0,1)[0, 1), не встречавшееся ранее в справочниках.

Разработанный метод исследования и полученные результаты могут быть полезны как при иследовании эллиптических интегралов, так и при решении задач, в которых эти интегралы возникают (например, в задачах субримановой геометрии).
Numerical evaluation of the interpolation accuracy of simple elementary functions
Authors: Знаменский Сергей Витальевич
Published: January 2019

Сравнение точности восстановления элементарных функций по значениям в узлах проведено для алгоритмов интерполяции низкой степени. Результаты тестирования представлены в графическом виде, наглядно демонстрирующем преимущества и недостатки широко используемых кубических интерполяционных сплайнов.

Сравнение выявило, что вопреки распространённому мнению гладкость интерполянт не связана непосредственно с точностью аппроксимации. На рассмотренных 20 разнородных примерах кусочно-квадратичная интерполяция редко и ненамного уступает в точности используемым классическим кубическим сплайнам, зачастую на порядки превосходя в точности многие из них.

В нескольких примерах высокая погрешность интерполяции несложных элементарных функций по фиксированной сетке оказалась практически независимой от степени алгоритма и гладкости интерполянты, в одном из них точнее всех неожиданно оказалась кусочно-линейная интерполяция.

Поставлена задача поиска локального алгоритма интерполяции, точно восстанавливающего рациональные функции второго порядка.
Polymorphism of Bulk Boron Nitride
Authors: Cazorla Claudio , Gould Tim
Published: January 2019

Boron nitride (BN) is a material with outstanding technological promise because of its exceptional thermochemical stability, structural, electronic and thermal conductivity properties, and extreme hardness. Yet, the relative thermodynamic stability of its most common polymorphs (diamond-like cubic and graphite-like hexagonal) has not been resolved satisfactorily because of the crucial role played by kinetic factors in the formation of BN phases at high temperatures and pressures (experiments), and by competing bonding, electrostatic and many-body dispersion forces in BN cohesion (theory). This lack of understanding hampers the development of potential technological applications, and challenges the boundaries of fundamental science. Here, we use high-level first-principles theories that correctly reproduce all important electronic interactions (the adiabatic-connection fluctuation-dissipation theorem in the random phase approximation) to estimate with unprecedented accuracy the energy differences between BN polymorphs, and thus overcome the accuracy hurdle that hindered previous theoretical studies. We show that the ground-state phase of BN is cubic and that the frequently observed two-dimensional hexagonal polymorph becomes entropically stabilized over the cubic at temperatures slightly above ambient conditions (Tc = 63+-20'C). We also reveal a new low-symmetry monoclinic phase that is extremely competitive with the other low-energy polymorphs and which could explain the origins of the experimentally observed ``compressed h--BN'' phase. Our theoretical findings therefore should stimulate new experimental efforts in bulk BN as well as promote the use of high-level theories in modelling of technologically relevant van der Waals materials.
Revisión y análisis de estudios de modelos de cambios de usos del suelo y de escenarios a futuro
Authors: Gallardo Marta
Published: January 2019

En las últimas décadas se ha producido un gran desarrollo de técnicas y modelos para la captura y el análisis de dinámicas de usos del suelo. Dicho interés se demuestra en los diversos programas institucionales y las numerosas investigaciones que se han llevado a cabo con el objeto principal de valorar y abordar un desarrollo sostenible del territorio. La sostenibilidad tiene implicaciones muy diversas, por lo que dichos estudios son también muy variados dependiendo del objetivo que se pretende alcanzar. Los modelos se han hecho cada vez más complejos, desde simples extrapolaciones a modelos estadísticos-matemáticos que compilan varias técnicas. Se presenta una revisión bibliográfica de trabajos sobre modelos de cambios de usos del suelo y de escenarios a futuro. Se definen las grandes tipologías de modelos que existen, las metodologías, factores explicativos, temáticas y modelos empleados, internacionalmente y en España. Se presentan también los grandes problemas y retos que afronta esta materia.
Gestión del paisaje en los montes públicos de la región de Murcia, España
Authors: Sánchez-Sánchez Miguel Ángel , Belmonte-Serrato Francisco , Ballesteros-Pelegrín Gustavo
Published: January 2019

La Región de Murcia, en el Sureste de España, cuenta con una gran diversidad paisajística y los montes públicos contribuyen de forma importante a esa diversidad. El Convenio Europeo del Paisaje obliga y compromete a la gestión del mismo, siendo desarrollado mediante normas y estrategias por parte de las administraciones locales y Regionales. En este trabajo, se estudia la gestión del paisaje en los montes públicos de la Región de Murcia, según diferentes documentos normativos, tanto de carácter general como específico referidos a los espacios naturales protegidos. Se han analizado y valorado los documentos, internacionales, naciones y regionales, con incidencia en la gestión del paisaje de los montes públicos. Se pudo comprobar que el mayor número de medidas recaen sobre los incluidos dentro de los espacios protegidos.
L'Extorsion du surtravail de la femme en Haute Guinée: la mobilité comme mode de recherche d'autonomie?
Authors: Toure Mabetty
Published: January 2019

En Haute Guinée, les rapports de genre sont marqués par les inégalités et la domination. Les rapports au travail mettent en lumière l’importance et la diversité des formes de surtravail et d’exploitation des femmes et des cadets1 par les hommes. La structure de la société malinké permet d’établir la place de chaque membre dans la prise de décisions et d’exécution des travaux dans les champs. L’agriculture se pratique différemment selon le sexe et l’âge, ce qui crée des rapports de force défavorables aux femmes qui n’ont pas accès aux moyens de production et ne contrôlent pas les ressources. Cet article se propose de montrer qu’en dépit des immenses efforts dans le domaine de la production de la richesse familiale où les femmes mettent en valeur leur force de travail et celle desenfants, leur place ne correspond pas à leur apport économique. Victimes d’extorsion du surtravail, elles développent des activités annexes à celles domestiques comme l’exploitation du néré ou du karité à travers des mobilités pour satisfaire les besoins de leurs familles.
THE EFFECT OF GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS ON LENDING BEHAVIOR OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE DEPOSIT BANKS IN TURKEY
Authors: KAYHAN Fatih
Published: January 2019

This article
analyzes lending behavior differences between public and private deposit banks in
Turkey during and after the global financial crisis. The study covers the years
2005-2015. Quarterly collective financials of deposit banks (released by
Banking Regulatory and Supervisory Agency of Turkey) are analyzed. The research
question (whether or not there exist a significant change in differences
between Turkish public and private banks’ lending behaviors after the crisis)
in this study can be solved via Difference-in-Differences (‘DiD’) approach. This
article concludes by suggesting that after the global financial crisis, lending
behaviour of publicly owned deposit banks significantly differed from that of
privately owned ones in Turkey. This is attributable to the very nature of the
public banks. Literature review findings and the analysis results about Turkey indicate
that unlike their privately owned rivals, public deposit banks took much more
active role (as far as lending is concerned) to prevent the negative effects of
the global financial crisis of 2008, which is a counter-cyclical behavior.
IDENTIFIKASI GELOMBANG KELVIN DI LAPISAN TROPOPAUSE INDONESIA BAGIAN BARAT DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN DATA SOUNDING NOAA
Authors: Nababan Cornelius Antoni
Published: January 2019

Gelombang Kelvin, Tropopause, Angin zonal. Gelombang Kelvin yang sebelumnya teramati pada lapisan stratosfer bawah berada di wilayah India dan Pasifik barat. Posisi Indonesia yang berada diantara dua wilayah tersebut memungkinkan terjadinya gelombang Kelvin di wilayah Indonesia. Namun, karakter yang teramati belum tentu sama. Pada bulan JJAS, gelombang Kelvin yang teramati memiliki periode 10-20 harian sedangkan pada bulan DJFM memiliki periode 20 harian. Gelombang Kelvin tersebut merambat ke timur. Adanya aktivitas konvektif yang besar di wilayah Indonesia mampu mengganggu perambatan gelombang Kelvin. Awan-awan konvektif tersebut ditunjukkan dengan menggunakan data OLR. Pada periode JJAS, gangguan tersebut kuat pada bagian bumi utara sedangkan pada periode DJFM pada ekuator. Adanya gangguan tersebut dapat meningkatkan angin timuran sehingga meningkatkan amplitudo gelombang di bagian bumi utara pada JJAS dan bagian bumi selatan pada DJFM. Dari analisis pada lapisan 500-150 mb, terlihat adanya osilasi 20 harian (JJAS) dan 10-20 harian (DJFM) dengan perambatan ke atas. Kondisi ini menunjukkan bahwa gelombang Kelvin yang teramati pada lapisan tropopause dibangkitkan dari bawah. Gelombang Kelvin yang teramati dekat dengan sumber pembangkitnya. Kelvin waves that previously observed in the lower stratosphere in the Indian and western Pacific region. Indonesia’s position is between the two areas allowing the Kelvin wave in parts of Indonesia. However, the observed character is not necessarily the same. In JJAS period, the observed Kelvin waves have a period of 10-20 days meanwhile in DJFM period Kelvin waves detected on a period of 20 day. The Kelvin wave propagates eastward. The existence of a large convective activity in the territory of Indonesia is able to disrupt the Kelvin wave propagation. Convective clouds is shown by using the OLR data. In JJAS period, the strong disturbance in the earth’s north while in the DJFM period in equator. The existence of such disorders can increase the wind easterlies thus increasing the amplitude of the wave in the northern parts of the earth on the JJAS and southern parts of the earth on DJFM. From the analysis of the 500-150 mb layer, visible presence of 20 days oscillations (JJAS) and 10-20 days (DJFM) with upward propagation. This condition indicates that the Kelvin wave observed at the tropopause layer raised from the bottom. Kelvin waves are observed close to the sourcegenerator.
ANALISIS SUHU MUKA LAUT SELATAN JAWA DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP CURAH HUJAN DAS CITARUM
Authors: Syaifullah M Djazim
Published: January 2019

Analisis suhu muka laut (Sea Surface Temperature ~ SST) wilayah selatan Jawadan pengaruhnya terhadap curah hujan di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Citarum telahdilakukan. Suhu muka laut daerah selatan Jawa dibatasi mulai lintang 90LS sampaidengan 120LS, bujur 1050BT sampai dengan 1140BT, daerah ini yang berbatasanpaling dekat dengan pulau Jawa. Data curah hujan DAS Citarum yang dipakai adalahdata bulanan selama 19 tahun. Analisis historis untuk melihat curah hujan historisDAS Citarum sedangkan analisis time series digunakan untuk melihat pola tahunan(annual), pola musiman (seasonal) maupun pola yang lainnya. Selain itu juga dilakukananalisis spektral untuk melihat secara jelas pola curah hujannya. Terhadap data SSTjuga dilakukan analisis yang sama. Setelah itu dilakukan korelasi antara nilai SSTmasing-masing grid dengan curah hujan DAS Citarum. Hasil analisis menunjukkanbahwa curah hujan DAS Citarum mempunyai periode yang dominan yaitu tahunan(annual) dan yang kedua adalah sekitar tiga tahunan. Analisis terhadap suhu muka lautmenunjukkan rerata suhu maksimum SST mencapai 29.30C terjadi pada awal bulanMaret dan suhu minimum mencapai 26.20C terjadi pada pertengahan bulan September. Hasil analisis spektral menunjukkan bahwa selain perulangan tahunan, suhu muka laut juga mengalami perulangan musiman dan perulangan beberapa tahunan meskipun tidak tampak jelas. Korelasi curah hujan dengan suhu muka laut mempunyai nilai berkisar antara 0.37 sampai dengan 0.64. Nilai korelasi terbesar terdapat pada lintang 08o LS sedangkan terhadap bujur, korelasi terbesar terlihat pada bujur 112o BT.Analysis of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) south of Java and its influence on rainfallin the Citarum watershed has been done Sea surface temperature in the area boundedby 9oS to 12oS latitude and 105oE to 114oE longitude, on the border of this areaclosest to the island of Java. History analysis has done to see the rainfall history ofCitarum river basin, while the analysis of time series used to see annual patterns,seasonal pattern and other patterns. It also performed spectral analysis to see clearlythe pattern of rainfall. Against the sea surface temperature data are also performeda similar analysis. The analysis showed that the rainfall of Citarum watershed has adominant period of the annual and the second is about three years. The analysis ofthe sea surface temperatures show an average maximum temperature reached 29.30Coccurred in early March and the lowest temperature reached 26.20C occurred in mid-September. The spectral analysis of sea surface temperature showed that in additionto the annual repetition appears also seasonal and cycles of some years although notobvious. Correlation of rainfall with sea surface temperature has a value ranging from0.37 to 0.64. Against latitude the biggest correlation value contained in latitude 08oSwhile against longitude the largest correlation seen in 112o E.
PARAMETERISASI MODEL CUACA WRF-ARW UNTUK MENDUKUNG KEGIATAN TEKNOLOGI MODIFIKASI CUACA (TMC) DI SUMATERA, SULAWESI, DAN JAWA
Authors: Ridwan Ridwan , Kudsy Mahally
Published: January 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian prediksi cuaca dengan perangkat lunak model cuaca WRF-ARW selama kegiatan Teknologi Modifikasi Cuaca di Sumatera, Sulawesi, dan Jawadalam periode tahun 2010 dan 2011. Data masukan diperoleh dari prediksi global GFS(Global Forecast System) yang dapat diunduh setiap enam jam pada situs NOAA.Dengan WPS (WRF Prepossessing System), data global tersebut akan dipersempitsesuai wilayah yang akan diprediksi. Unsur cuaca yang diprediksi adalah curah hujandan arah angin yang diproses sehari sebelumnya. Hasil prediksi diolah secara spasialdengan program GrADS. Validasi dilakukan dengan mencocokan hasil GrADS dengandata radar atau data satelit. Selain itu, dilakukan juga parameterisasi untuk memperolehhasil prediksi yang lebih akurat dengan mengacu pada metode menggantikan prosesyang terlalu kecil atau kompleks secara fisik yang direpresentasikan dalam model yangdisederhanakan. Diharapkan hasil prediksi cuaca WRF-ARW ini dapat menjadi acuanuntuk menentukan peluang yang paling baik dalam periode harian untuk melakukanpenyemaian awan.Weather prediction with WRF-ARW has been carried out daily for Weather ModificationTechnology activities in Riau and West Sumatra from June 21 – July 21, 2010. The input data obtained from GFS (Global Forecast System), which can be downloaded every six hours from the NOAA website. With WPS (WRF Preprocessing System) global data will be downscaled according to the area that would be predicted. Weather components are predicted rainfall and wind direction is processed the day before. The prediction results are spatially processed with the program Grads. Validation is done by matching the results of Grads and radar data or satellite data. It is expected that the results of WRF-ARW forecast weather can be a reference to determine the best opportunities in conducting cloud seeding.
POLA SEBARAN HUJAN DI DAS LARONA
Authors: Renggono Findy
Published: January 2019

Teknologi modifikasi cuaca dengan cara penyemaian awan sering dilakukan di DASLarona, guna memenuhi kebutuhan air bagi pembangkit tenaga listrik di wilayahtersebut. Informasi mengenai pola distribusi awan hujan di dalam DAS sangat pentingdalam menentukan strategi penyemaian awan. Pengamatan dengan menggunakanradar cuaca menunjukkan pola distribusi awan di wilayah tersebut mengikuti kondisisinoptik. Akan tetapi pada saat sinoptik lemah, pengaruh local juga sangat dominant.Topografi yang berbukit-bukit dan tiga buah danau yang cukup luas dan dalam jugamemberikan pengaruh yang besar pada pertumbuhan awan di dalam DAS.Weather modification technology by means of cloud seeding is often done in the Laronawatershed, in order to meet the water needs for electric power generation in the region.Information on the distribution pattern of rain clouds in the watershed is very importantin determining the strategy of cloud seeding. Observations using the weather radarshowed the distribution pattern of clouds in the region following the synoptic conditions.But during weak synoptic condition, local effect is also dominant as it has deep and widelakes inside the watershed.
PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI MODIFIKASI CUACA UNTUK PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA ASAP KEBAKARAN LAHAN DAN HUTAN
Authors: Harsoyo Budi
Published: January 2019

Teknologi Modifikasi Cuaca telah banyak diaplikasikan untuk tujuan mitigasi bencana yang disebabkan oleh faktor iklim dan cuaca. Salah satunya adalah untuk bencana asap akibat kebakaran lahan dan hutan yang hampir terjadi setiap tahun secara rutin di Indonesia saat musim kemarau tiba, khususnya di wilayah Pulau Sumatera dan Kalimantan.
PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI MODIFIKASI CUACA (TMC) UNTUK MENGATASI KABUT ASAP AKIBAT KEBAKARAN LAHAN DAN HUTAN DI PROVINSI JAMBI SEPTEMBER-OKTOBER 2012
Authors: Syaifullah Muhamad Djazim
Published: January 2019

Pelaksanaan Teknologi Modifikasi Cuaca (TMC) untuk mengatasi bencana asap akibat kebakaran lahan dan hutan di Provinsi Jambi telah dilakukan pada tanggal 07 September sampai dengan 06 Oktober 2012.
SIKLON TROPIS WASHI DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP SEBARAN HUJAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Mulyana Erwin
Published: January 2019

Siklon Tropis Washi yang menghantam Pulau Mindanao FIlipina selatan pada 14 - 18 Desember 2011 merupakan siklon paling mematikan di dunia yang terjadi pada tahun 2011.
RELASI FAKTOR REFLEKTIVITAS RADAR DENGAN INTENSITAS CURAH HUJAN UNTUK RADAR C-BAND DI SOROAKO, SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Arida Vera , Renggono Findy , Dupe Zadrach L
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konstanta relasi faktor reflektifitas radar dengan intensitas curah hujan secara umum di Soroako.
PENGETAHUAN LOKAL TUMBUHAN OBAT MASYARAKAT DESA DOMPO-DOMPO JAYA, PULAU WAWONII - SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Royyani Mohammad Fathi , Rahayu Mulyati
Published: January 2019

The ethnobotanical study of plants usage of people in the Wawonii island was conducted in April until May 2006. The local knowledge of medicinal plants in Wawonii island is a result from interaction people of Wawonii island. Environment, another ethnics and globalization, it is as cultured processes. Data were collected on the uses of plants, and more than 62 species of plants were recorded in local names. The data are discussed in the contect of Wawonii island culture, tradition, and way of life. Furthurmore, plants used also show the nearness of emotional relationship between human and environment.Key words: Indigenous knowledge, medicinal plants, Wawonii ethnic, SoutheastSulawesi
INVENTARISASI JENIS-JENIS TUMBUHAN DAN KESESUAIAN LAHAN UNTUK KONSERVASI DAERAH TANGKAPAN SUMBER MATA AIR ’WETIHU’ DESA BAUDAOK KECAMATAN TASIFETO TIMUR – BELU
Authors: Widiyono Wahyu
Published: January 2019

District, East Nusa Tenggara Province. However, some wells in this area need to be conserved by planting of selected species at the watershed area in order the water available continually during a year. To understand the native and crop species that suitable to plant conservation the survey at the watershed of ‘Wetihu’, Baudaok-Belu was conducted in 2008. Aim of survey was to inventory the species and to understand land suitability based on its soil fertility and microclimate condition. Watershed landscape of ‘Wetihu’ in Baudaok Village, Belu District are characterized by rolling to hilly altitude,coral reef and limestone of soil material and the low soil fertility. Micro-climate in thisarea resulted the marginal land watershed and due to this problem the crop almost can not be planted by the local people. The observation by the distance of 1.5 km from ‘Baudaok’ well to the southern was found 39 wild and crop species. Some species which are able to adapt to the drought ecosystem and has potential to plant as economic crops are recommended to be selected, i.e.: the main food (Zea mays, Cajanus cajan), fruits (Musa paradisiaca, Mangifera indica), cattle feeding (Leucaene leucocephala, Sesbania grandiflora), handmade material (Bambusa sp.), fire wood, wind break trees and covercrops (Zizyphus mauritiana, Alstonia scholaris, Erythrina orientalis, Gmelina arborea,Schleichera oleosa), perfume oil producer (Santalum album).Key Words: native species, crops, watershed, conservation, Belu, East NusaTenggara Province
LAJU FOTOSINTESIS JENIS-JENIS POHON PIONIR HUTAN SEKUNDER DI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG HALIMUN-SALAK JAWA BARAT
Authors: Mansur Muhammad
Published: January 2019

Tree growth is closely related to the process of photosynthesis. So far the rate of photosynthesis in elements of secondary forests has not been known, especially in pioneer species. At the same height of the place and micro-climate conditions, the rate of photosynthesis of pioneer species of secondary forest has a different rate of photosynthesis. This study aims to determine the ability of the rate of photosynthesis of some secondary forest pioneer tree species in order to support reforestation efforts on degraded forests and at the same time looking for the kinds of pioneers who have a high absorption of CO2 gas in an effort to reduce global warming caused by emissions CO2 gas in the air. The survey results noted there are 6 common pioneer tree species grow at the sites. Trema orientalis had the highest CO2 assimilation value which is equal to 20,350 μmol m-2s-1, followed by the Macaranga triloba (17,198 μmol m-2s-1), Omalanthus populneus (14,097 μmol m-2s-1), Mallotus paniculatus (13,118 μmol m-2s-1), Macaranga tanarius (12,862 μmol m-2s-1) and Weinmannia blumei (10,058 μmol m-2s-1). Research conducted during the rainy season (September 2010). During measurement, the light radiation in the upper leaf surface between 63,583 to 363,750 μmol m-2s-1, air temperature 21,8 to 26,70C, air humidity 75,8-89,8%, light intensity 2483,3 to 28701,7 Lux, soil pH 5,8 to 6,3 and soil moisture between 50,7 to 71,7%.
PENGARUH RESIDU PESTISIDA TERHADAP POLA POPULASI BAKTERI DAN FUNGI TANAH DI RUMAHKACA
Authors: Sulistinah Nunik , Antonius S , Rahmansyah Maman
Published: January 2019

Pesticide Residue was Affect Bacterial and Fungal Population in the Greenhouse Soil Condition. Bacterial and fungal inhabitants were examined through agriculture soil samples. Survival of microorganism in soil was important to evaluate the mineralize process. In the greenhouse experiment, bacterial and fungal population noticed as essential assessment in soil healing with long lasting pesticide (A-soil) after the soil treated with powdered rice straw as organic matter amendment, toxic degrading bacterial as inoculants, and the both of those mixed treatments. That residue implication also assessed to B-soil (as free pesticide soil) then revised with pesticides, and also treated as followed for A-soil. Potential degradation of indigenous microorganism examined all through as setting of control (B-soil) to recognize of its original population.Those of treatments evaluated through microbial survival along 12 weeks incubation in green house environment. Bacterial and fungal populations was affect to become fluctuated along with incubation period as due to the treatments. Bacterial inhabitant was considerably higher compared to fungal population. Correlations were significantly difference with bacterial (p = 0.6654) as well as fungal (p = 0.9029) population in A-soil evaluated to B-soil habitats since the mixed treatments present to both of the soil (p0.005 = 0.6310). Organic matter alteration and certain microbe input was needed in soil contain pesticide, because at the same time the survival of microbes possibly mineralized organic matter, as well as the pesticide residue.
STRUKTUR DAN KOMPOSISI VEGETASI POHON SERTA ESTIMASI BIOMASSA, KANDUNGAN KARBON DAN LAJU FOTOSINTESIS DI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG HALIMUN-SALAK
Authors: Mansur Muhammad , Hidayati Nuril , Juhaeti Titi
Published: January 2019

Research the structure and composition of vegetation, biomass estimation, carbon content and the rate of photosynthesis was conducted in Citalahab Central Village,Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park, West Java, on August 2010. The purpose of research to determine the components and characteristics of each tree species at the study sites associated with biomass, the rate of CO2 assimilation and transpiration. Results showed that, the form of classified forest area of primary forest with a little disturbed. There were recorded 337 individual trees (stem diameter > 10 cm) per hectare from 71 species, 50 genera and 32 families. Lauraceae, Fagaceae, Myrtaceae, Rubiaceae and Meliaceae are the 5 most common families found in the plot area, thatis dominated by Altingia excelsa, Blumeodendron elateriospermum, Ardisia zollingeri, Gordonia excelsa, Tricalysia singularis, Castanopsis acuminatissima, Knema cinerea, Laportea stimulant, Vernonia arborea and Dysoxylum excelsum. Estimated biomass recorded of 304.5 tons dry weight / ha with a carbon content of 152.3 tons / ha of basal area of 28.89 m2/ha. Quercus oidocarpa, Litsea noronhae, Saurauia nudiflora, Castanopsis argentea and Altingia excelsa has recorded the highest photosyntheticrates compared with other species. While the highest transpiration rate is owned by the Macaranga triloba, Sandoricum koetjape, Prunus arborea, Urophyllum corymbosum and Altingia excelsa.
EFEKTIVITAS JUMLAH RUMPUN TANAMAN ECENG GONDOK (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart) Solm) DALAM PENGENDALIAN LIMBAH CAIR DOMESTIK
Authors: Dewi Yusriani Sapta
Published: January 2019

Beberapa tanaman air dapat menyerap senyawa organik, anorganik dan bahan kimia lainnya yang terkandung dalam air limbah domestik. Eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms), yang dikenal sebagai gulma air dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan pencemaran air akibat limbah domestik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektivitas jumlah rumpun eceng gondok (E. crassipes) dalam mengendalikan pencemaran air oleh limbah domestik. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan eksperimen Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap. Analisis data menggunakan formula efektivitas dan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan limbah cair domestik dengan eceng gondok (E. crasssipes) pada hari ke 14 efektif secara nyata menurunkan suhu, pH, BOD, COD, zat teroksidasi dan zat tersuspensilimbah cair domestik. Efektivitas penurunan tertinggi pada perlakuan dengan 3 rumpun tanaman eceng gondok; suhu turun 18,3 %; BOD turun 64,6%, COD turun 18,2 %, zat teroksidasi turun 60,3 % dan zat tersuspensi turun 97,7 % dari nilai kontrol.Kata kunci: air limbah domestik, eceng gondok (E. crassipes), efektivitas, jumlah rumpun tanaman.AbstractSome aquatic plants can absorb organic compounds, anorganic and other chemicals contained in domestic wastewater. Eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms), known as water weeds and useless plants that can be used to solve the water pollution control domestic water. The research objective was to determine the effectiveness of the group of eceng gondok (E. crassipes) in the control of domestic wastewater. Methods ofresearch done of experiments designed to study Randomized Complete Group. Analysis of the data used is to use formulas and using the Random Group Design Complete. Theconclusion of this study is that the domestic wastewater treatment with eceng gondok (E. crassipes) on 14 days significantly decreased the effective temperature, pH, BOD,COD, suspended matter is oxidized and the substance of domestic wastewater. The highest decrease in the effectiveness of treatment with thee group of eceng gondok (E.crassipes.); temperature 18,3 %, BOD 64,6 %, COD 18,2 %, oxidized substance 60,3 % and suspended matter 97,7% from the value of the control.Key words : eceng gondok (E. crassipes), domestic  wastewater,the group of plants,the effectiveness.