bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
О значимости агрометеорологических и техногенных факторов при возделывании культур полевого севооборота на северо-западе России
Authors: Фесенко М. А. , Шпанёв А. М. , Смук В. В.
Published: July 2020

В агроэкологическом стационаре Меньковского филиала ФГБНУ АФИ (Ленинградская обл., Гатчинский район) в 2012–2016 гг. проведены исследования по оценке влияния средств защиты растений и минерального удобрения в различающихся условиях вегетации на культуры полевого севооборота в Северо-Западном регионе с целью выявления взаимосвязей, взаимовлияния и действия каждого из факторов на урожайность. Представлены данные о вкладе в формирование урожайности ярового ячменя, озимой ржи, картофеля и ярового рапса гидротермических условий вегетации и факторов интенсификации земледелия – минеральных удобрений и интегрированной системы защиты растений. Гидротермические условия вегетации определяли 60% урожайности у картофеля, 59% – у озимой ржи и 34% – у ярового ячменя. Приоритетность техногенных факторов, определяющих урожайность, различна для культур полевого севооборота. Определяющим зерновую продуктивность озимой ржи (на 21% в среднем за годы изучения) и ярового ячменя (на 33%) показателем является уровень агрофона. Урожайность картофеля в равной степени (на 9-10% в среднем за годы изучения) может определяться или уровнем минерального питания, или эффективностью системы защиты растений. Эффект от фитосанитарных мероприятий возрастал с увеличением уровня минерального питания (с 60% до 73%). Урожайность рапса менее всего зависит непосредственно от погодных условий (на 9%) и определяется совокупным действием интегрированной системы защиты растений (24%) и удобрений (15%) в конкретных условиях вегетации (вклад взаимодействия трех факторов – 28%).
Source memory for advertisements: The role of advertising message credibility
Authors: Bell Raoul , Mieth Laura , Buchner Axel
Published: July 2020

Advertising is seen as an untrustworthy source because of the perceived self-interest of the advertisers in presenting product information in a biased or misleading way. Regulations require advertising messages in print and online media to be labeled as advertisements to allow recipients to take source information into account when judging the credibility of the messages. To date, little is known about how these source tags are remembered. Research within the source-monitoring framework suggests that source attributions are not only based on veridical source memory but are often reconstructed through schematic guessing. In two experiments, we examined how the credibility of advertising messages affects these source attribution processes. The source of the messages affected judgments of credibility at the time of encoding, but the source tags were forgotten after a short period of time. Retrospective source attributions in the absence of memory for the source tags were strongly influenced by the a priori credibility of the messages: Statements with a low a priori credibility were more likely to be (mis)attributed to advertising than statements with high a priori credibility. These findings suggest that the mere labeling of untrustworthy sources is of limited use because source information is quickly forgotten and memory-based source attributions are strongly biased by schematic influences.
Revealing the local crystallinity of single silicon core–shell nanowires using tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: van den Berg Marius , Moeinian Ardeshir , Kobald Arne , Chen Yu-Ting , Horneber Anke , Strehle Steffen , Meixner Alfred J , Zhang Dai
Published: July 2020

Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy is combined with polarization angle-resolved spectroscopy to investigate the nanometer-scale structural properties of core–shell silicon nanowires (crystalline Si core and amorphous Si shell), which were synthesized by platinum-catalyzed vapor–liquid–solid growth and silicon overcoating by thermal chemical vapor deposition. Local changes in the fraction of crystallinity in these silicon nanowires are characterized at an optical resolution of about 300 nm. Furthermore, we are able to resolve the variations in the intensity ratios of the Raman peaks of crystalline Si and amorphous Si by applying tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, at sample positions being 8 nm apart. The local crystallinity revealed using confocal Raman spectroscopy and tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy agrees well with the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy images. Additionally, the polarizations of Raman scattering and the photoluminescence signal from the tip–sample nanogap are explored by combining polarization angle-resolved emission spectroscopy with tip-enhanced optical spectroscopy. Our work demonstrates the significant potential of resolving local structural properties of Si nanomaterials at the sub-10 nanometer scale using tip-enhanced Raman techniques.
Materiales reabsorbibles en el tratamiento de fracturas maxilofaciales pediátricas
Authors: Pimentel-Mendoza Alex Bernardo , Rico-Pérez Lazaro , Villarreal-Gómez Luis Jesús
Published: July 2020

Las fracturas maxilofaciales en pacientes pediátricos tienen diferencias con los pacientes adultos debido a la etapa de desarrollo tanto física como psicológica en la que se encuentran, por ello es importante tratar los traumatismos con materiales y sistemas cuyo efecto negativo sea mínimo. El propósito de esta investigación es realizar una revisión del conocimiento sobre los materiales biodegradables y su aplicación como sistemas de fijación para la estabilización de fracturas óseas en el área maxilofacial de pacientes pediátricos.
Designing ECG Monitoring Healthcare System Based on Internet of Things Blynk Application
Authors: Hasan Dathar , Ismaeel Ayad
Published: July 2020

Nowadays, heart diseases are considered to be the primary reasons for unexpected deaths. Thus, various medical devices have been developed by engineers to diagnose and scrutinize various diseases. Healthcare has become one of the most substantial issues for both individuals and government due to brisk growth in human population and medical expenditure. Many patients suffer from heart problems causing some critical threats to their life, therefore they need continuous monitoring by a traditional monitoring system such as Electrocardiographic (ECG) which is the most important technique used in measuring the electrical activity of the heart, this technique is available only in the hospital which is very costly and far for remote patients. The development of wireless technologies enables to build a network of connected devices via the internet. The proposed ECG monitoring system consists of AD8382 ECG sensor to read patient's data, Arduino Uno, ESP8266 Wi-Fi module, and IoT Blynk application. The implementation of the proposed ECG healthcare system enables the doctor to monitor the patient's remotely using IoT Blynk application installed on his smartphone for processing and visualizing the patient's ECG signal. The monitoring process can be done at any time and anywhere without the need for the hospital.
5.2. FINANCIAL ASPECTS OF RESTRUCTURING OF THE ORGANIZATION
Authors: Новичкова О.В.
Published: July 2020

В статье уделено внимание финансовым аспектам реструктуризации сельскохозяйственной организации: дана оценка имущественного положения, финансового состояния, источников финансирования и структуры капитала. На основе проведенного анализа сделано обоснование необходимости проведения процедуры финансового оздоровления. Определены основные этапы реструктуризации и рассчитан эффект от данной процедуры.

In article attention is paid to financial aspects of restructuring of the agricultural organization: an assessment of a property status, a financial state, sources of financing and structure of the capital is given. On the basis of the carried-out analysis justification of need of holding a procedure of financial improvement is made. The main stages of restructuring are defined and the effect of this procedure is calculated.
Influence of Tourism Development and Community Participation Factors on Opportunity of Gashaka Gumti National Park
Authors: Madaki Kanati , Noweg Tonga Ak , Sayok Alexender Kiew Anak , Kiong Wong Swee , Umaru Isaac John
Published: July 2020

National parks are storehouse for wildlife and habitat and endowed with potentials. Although local community participation and tourism development can enhance the potentials of national park, identifying the significant factors influencing outcomes of maximizing opportunity of the Gashaka Gumti National Parks is important. Based on the backwards selection method of community support for tourism development, help to local community, tourism development bring job opportunity and community conservation initiative significantly contributes to the likelihood of maximizing opportunity of Gashaka Gumti National in conserving biodiversity. Thus it can be concluded that local community involvement and tourism development are more likely to impact biodiversity conservation in Gashaka Gumti national Parks than strict conservation.
Complements to Gravity Theories
Authors: Souza Cynelle Olívia de
Published: July 2020

Gravity, electricity, magnetism and strong and weak nuclear forces form the fundamental energies and force fields for the organization of matter in the universe. All visible matter emits electromagnetic waves at specific frequencies; dark matter does not emit them. It is assumed, or else, that it can be formed by particles like the neutrino, which subtly interact with electromagnetic waves and with matter. Under the action of strong energy, the neutrino can theoretically reach speeds greater than that of light. Such an effect can occur when this particle becomes detached from electromagnetic interference, which is very difficult to observe. Sound also participates in the transport of matter and energy and can participate as the main means of coupling neutrinos and transmitting their information.
Gender Disparities in Tanzania: Legal Framework Vis-a Vis Practice
Authors: JohnKilatu Sr.Ester , Kulwa Daniel
Published: July 2020

Gender disparities exist since antiquity. There has been inequality based solely on gender in various aspects of life usually in favour of men. Such inequalities are evident in employment, earning, education, leadership, land ownership, language use, religion, health rights and decision making. Tanzania like any other countries has incorporated gender in various legal instruments, policies, institutions and various strategies that have been employed to replicate gender gap in the country. It has been noted that life has been stratified by system of oppression and privileges. Throughout history women have been confined to uninvisible, unpaid and undervalued work. 1Accordingly, we cannot eliminate gender disparities unless the community is convinced and ready to embrace new practices. Furthermore, it has been observed that Tanzania has undergone major legal reforms to mitigate gender disparities. The Land legal regime provide for women safeguard, though such right cannot be realized as patriarchal practices places women to a disadvantaged position, besides, inheritance and marriage laws are still weak and discriminate against women thus, diversely affect their land rights. It is recommended that ‘will’ writing practices and willingness of the court to honor and enforce the law may mitigate the problem since reform on inheritance law has been proved ineffective. Therefore, this article discusses the patterns of disparities in the legal framework concerning women vis-a vis its practices blatantly inconsistent with the principles of equality and non-discrimination and the spirit of the constitution and international conventions which Tanzania signed without reservation.
Comparative Analysis of Seasonal Changes in Soil Contaminations from Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons at Solid Waste Dumpsites in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: A.G Loremikan, , S.A Ngah, , T.K.S Abam, , I.U Ubong,
Published: July 2020

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons are generated in solid waste dumpsites where disused wastes are dumped. This study investigated the concentration levels of PAHs in the soil at solid waste dumpsites located in Markets, Semi-industrial and Residential areas in Rainy and Dry seasons. Materials and Method Fifteen soil samples were collected in each season and analyzed using Gas Chromatography at the Rivers State University, Institute of Pollution Studies Research Laboratory. Each of the season laboratory data were analysed using descriptive statistics viz mean ± standard deviation as well as inferential statistics such as 2 sample T-test at 5% level of significance. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) and Principal Components Analysis ( PCA)where applied on the measured data to determine the sources of contamination as well as the level of pollution by comparing with the control sites. Results High Molecular weight (HMW) PAHs which are toxicologically relevant were detected in all the three classified dumpsites in both seasons with highest value of Chrysene in residential dumpsites during rainy season and Dibenez(a,h)anthracene in dry season. Each of classified dumpsites has average total PAHs values greater than 1mg/kg (>1) in Rainy season while in dry season, only market dumpsites have an average greater than 1mg/kg. The order of the level of pollution in rainy season is observed to be: Control site
A titkos információgyűjtés és a leplezett eszközök, a felderítés új modellje
Authors: Nyeste Péter
Published: July 2020

The author provides an overview of the new regulations in the new Hungarian Criminal Procedure Code’ and elsewhere on covert operation.
A biztonság mint szolgáltatás megteremtésének lehetőségei az állami, önkormányzati elektronikus információs rendszerek esetében II.
Authors: Kovács Zoltán , Mikó Zoltán , Sági Gábor
Published: July 2020

The authors investigate in a series of articles how security can be implemented as a service in the governmental and local governmental sector in Hungary.
Observations of Disintegrating Long-period Comet C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS): A Sibling of C/1844 Y1 (Great Comet)
Authors: Hui 許文 Man-To 韜 , Ye 葉泉 Quan-Zhi 志
Published: July 2020

We present a study of C/2019 Y4 (ATLAS) using Sloan gri observations from 2020 mid-January to early April. During this time span, the comet brightened with a growth in the effective cross-section of

m2 s−1 from the beginning to ∼70 days preperihelion in late 2020 March, followed by a brightness fade and the comet gradually losing the central condensation. Meanwhile, the comet became progressively bluer, and was even bluer than the Sun (g − r ≈ 0.2) when the brightness peaked, likely due to activation of subterranean fresh volatiles exposed to sunlight. With the tailward bias-corrected astrometry we found an enormous radial nongravitational parameter,

au day−2 in the heliocentric motion of the comet. Taking all of these findings into consideration, we conclude that the comet has disintegrated since 2020 mid-March. By no means was the split new to the comet, as we quantified that the comet had undergone another split event around last perihelion ∼5 kyr ago, during which its sibling C/1844 Y1 (Great Comet) was produced, with the in-plane component of the separation velocity ≳1 m s−1. We constrained that the nucleus of C/2019 Y4 before disintegration was ≳60 m in radius, and has been protractedly ejecting dust grains of ∼10–40  μm (assuming a dust bulk density of 0.5 g cm−3) with an ejection speed of ∼30 m s−1 in early 2020 March and increased to ∼80 m s−1 toward the end of the month for grains of ∼10  μm.
Constraining Properties of the Next Nearby Core-collapse Supernova with Multimessenger Signals
Authors: Warren MacKenzie L. , Couch Sean M. , O’Connor Evan P. , Morozova Viktoriya
Published: July 2020

With the advent of modern neutrino and gravitational wave (GW) detectors, the promise of multimessenger detections of the next galactic core-collapse supernova (CCSN) has become very real. Such detections will give insight into the CCSN mechanism and the structure of the progenitor star, and may resolve longstanding questions in fundamental physics. In order to properly interpret these detections, a thorough understanding of the landscape of possible CCSN events, and their multimessenger signals, is needed. We present detailed predictions of neutrino and GW signals from 1D simulations of stellar core collapse, spanning the landscape of core-collapse progenitors from 9 to 120 M
⊙. In order to achieve explosions in 1D, we use the Supernova Turbulence In Reduced-dimensionality model, which includes the effects of turbulence and convection in 1D supernova simulations to mimic the 3D explosion mechanism. We study the GW emission from the 1D simulations using an astroseismology analysis of the protoneutron star. We find that the neutrino and GW signals are strongly correlated with the structure of the progenitor star and remnant compact object. Using these correlations, future detections of the first few seconds of neutrino and GW emission from a galactic CCSN may be able to provide constraints on stellar evolution independent of preexplosion imaging and the mass of the compact object remnant prior to fallback accretion.
Starbursting Nuclei in Old Dwarf Galaxies
Authors: Paudel Sanjaya , Yoon Suk-Jin
Published: July 2020

Nuclei of early-type dwarf galaxies (dEs) are usually younger than the galaxy main body, and this discrepancy in age has been a puzzle. To explore the origin of young nuclei in dEs, we study a sample of dEs having compact star-forming blobs that are visually similar to dEs’ nuclei but by far bluer. We find that (1) the compact star-forming blobs have a typical stellar mass of one percent of the host galaxy stellar mass; (2) some of the blobs are positioned slightly off from the center of the galaxies; (3) the Hα equivalent width measured from the publicly available Sloan Digital Sky Survey fiber spectroscopy shows their formation ages being an order of few megayear; (4) their emission line metallicities, 12 + log(O/H), are as high as the solar value, while the underlying galaxies have the typical stellar populations of dEs, i.e., log(Z/Z

) ∼ −0.8. Based on the results, we argue that the central star-forming blobs can provide a caught-in-the-act view of nuclei formation in dEs, and discuss possible formation mechanisms of young nuclei in old dEs. We particularly propose that these off-centered compact star-forming regions may act as seeds of nuclei as proposed in the “wet migration” scenario of Guillard et al.
An update of the invasive Pterygoplichthys Gill, 1858 (Actinopterygii, Loricariidae) in Guatemala: new records and notes on its interactions with the local fauna
Authors: Gaitán Carlos A. , Fuentes-Montejo César E. , García Manolo J. , Romero-Guevara Julio C.
Published: July 2020

Fishes have been introduced in non-native ecosystems all over the world. These introductions have been recognised for their overall negative effects on native biodiversity. Plecos (PterygoplichthysGill, 1858) have been introduced worldwide due to bad practices in the aquarium trade and, in Central America, there is little information regarding these invasive fishes. Plecos have been demonstrated to be a threat in non-native ecosystems because they interfere with their new ecosystems through bottom-up impacts, altering nutrient availability and interactions with native wildlife. Herein, new records of plecos are reported for river basins from Guatemala in northern Central America where they had not previously been reported. Evidence of interactions of plecos with the native fauna that had not been recorded to date are also included. We compiled a total of 34 records in Guatemala, with eight new records. We present the first records of the genus in a river basin of the Caribbean drainage for Guatemala. Three new interactions of fauna preying upon plecos are presented (Black vulture, Bare-throated tiger Heron and Domestic dog), along with a compilation of previously known interactions. Establishing a monitoring and surveillance programme should be a priority in Guatemala, along with other actions to safeguard the native wildlife that could be at high risk because of biological invasions, such as the one with plecos. In order to better understand this invasion, joint efforts of local fishermen and rangers with State institutions should be promoted.
Morphological evolution in Hyles Hübner, 1819 hawkmoths (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae): reconstructing the ancestral Hyles habitus
Authors: Hundsdoerfer Anna K. , Kitching Ian J.
Published: July 2020

Molecular phylogenetic studies suggest that similar wing and body patterns in the hawkmoth genus Hyles Hübner, [1819] do not necessarily reflect a close phylogenetic relationship. To improve our understanding of morphological evolution in these organisms, 75 characters derived from the external adult morphology are explicitly coded and analysed in a maximum parsimony cladistic framework. The results corroborate the hypothesis that wing and body patterns have indeed reappeared in different parts of the phylogeny but the underlying genetic mechanism remains to be determined. By reconstructing the suite of ancestral states of the morphological characters using Bayesian inference, we derived an approximation of the appearance of the proto-Hyles species. The overall habitus of this moth does not display a combination of characters found in any extant Hyles species. Rather, the forewings are most like those of members of the Hyles euphorbiae-complex but with better developed antemedial and postmedial lines, the hindwings are typical Hyles, and the abdominal pattern most closely resembles that of Hyles euphorbiarum (Guérin-Méneville & Percheron, 1835), but with one fewer pairs of black subdorsal patches. Within the context of the subtribe Choerocampina and Sphingidae more generally, the proto-Hyles reconstruction does not resemble any other species apart from Rhodafra opheltes (Cramer, 1780), but this appears to be another instance of convergent pattern expression.
The distribution and status of Sage Skipper Muschampia proto (Ochsenheimer, 1808) (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae) at the limit of its range in the north-western Balkans
Authors: Koren Toni , Martinović Matea , Dender Dubravko
Published: July 2020

We analysed the status and distribution of the Sage SkipperMuschampia proto(Ochsenheimer, 1808), a rather rare and local Hesperiidae species at the edge of its range in the north-western part of the Balkan peninsula, mainly Croatia and Bosnia & Herzegovina. In order to determine the species’ presence in the region, we mapped the occurrence of its hostplant, Jerusalem SagePhlomis fruticosaLinnaeus (Lamiaceae). We also summarized all the available knowledge onM. protoin the Balkan Peninsula and provided a literature overview for each country this species has been recorded in so far. In Croatia, the distribution ofM. protois very limited and is located only in the wider surroundings of Dubrovnik city. In the present paper, we also provide the first and only record ofM. protoin Bosnia & Herzegovina, from a single locality close to the Croatian border in the Dubrovnik area. Due to its limited distribution in both countries, we propose that the conservation status of the species should be changed from none to vulnerable.
Évaluer les effets des mesures non tarifaires sur les prix et les volumes d’échanges
Authors: Cadot Olivier , Gourdon Julien , Van Tongeren Frank
Published: July 2020

Nous utilisons une nouvelle méthode économétrique pour estimer les effets sur le commerce des mesures non tarifaires pour environ 5 000 biens échangés et pour 86 pays. Celle-ci distingue explicitement plusieurs types de mesures et détermine leurs effets distincts sur les volumes et les prix des échanges commerciaux. Cette dernière caractéristique permet de séparer les effets des coûts commerciaux associés aux mesures non tarifaires (MNT) et les éventuels effets de l’accroissement de la demande qui proviennent de la réduction des asymétries d’information et du renforcement de la confiance des consommateurs dans les produits importés. Les estimations basées sur le volume donnent des informations sur la manière dont les MNT affectent finalement le commerce : le coût commercial associé aux MNT, tel que saisi par les estimations ad valorem , réduit souvent les volumes commerciaux, comme on pouvait s’y attendre, mais pas toujours. Dans un certain nombre de cas, en particulier dans le domaine sanitaire et phytosanitaire (SPS), nous constatons que le commerce se développe, même si les coûts commerciaux augmentent. Cela s’explique probablement par des normes réglementaires plus proches entre ces pays ; cependant les caractéristiques de ces mesures qui améliorent les échanges méritent une étude plus approfondie. Codes JEL : F13, F15, L51.
L’engagement dans l’intégration commerciale donne-t-il des résultats tangibles ? Principes et application à l’UEMOA d’un indice d’engagement des États
Authors: Cariolle Joël , Geourjon Anne-Marie , de Ubeda Audrey-Anne
Published: July 2020

Le suivi de l’intégration régionale en Afrique est souvent réalisé à partir d’indices combinant des indicateurs aux périmètres et aux objectifs hétérogènes, au détriment d’une cohérence d’ensemble. À titre d’exemple, l’indice d’intégration régionale en Afrique (IIRA), proposé par la Banque africaine de développement (BAfD), l’Union africaine (UA) et la Commission économique pour l’Afrique des Nations unies (UNECA), associe des indicateurs de conformité avec des indicateurs de résultats des politiques d’intégration, des indicateurs de politiques nationales avec des indicateurs de politiques communautaires ou, encore, des indicateurs objectifs avec des indicateurs subjectifs établis à partir d’enquêtes. Cette hétérogénéité d’indicateurs se justifie par la nécessité de comparer les progrès d’États membres de communautés économiques régionales (CER) aux agendas et rythmes d’avancement variés. Cette approche retenue par l’UA et par d’autres institutions internationales ne permet toutefois pas d’apprécier rigoureusement la vigueur avec laquelle les États essaient d’atteindre les objectifs qu’ils se sont fixés dans le cadre du processus d’intégration qu’ils ont officiellement défini. Ce papier propose donc de compléter les dispositifs existants de suivi de l’intégration régionale en Afrique par un indice mesurant l’engagement des États membres d’une communauté économique régionale à mettre en œuvre les textes communautaires qu’ils ont adoptés. Il expose les hypothèses et principes de calcul d’un tel indice, et les applique au processus d’intégration commerciale dans l’Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine (UEMOA). Les valeurs de l’indice obtenues pour chacun des États membres de l’UEMOA, confrontées à des indicateurs mesurant les résultats de l’intégration commerciale, suggèrent une relation positive marquée entre l’engagement dans l’intégration et ses résultats. Codes JEL : F15, F13, H11, C43.
Gestalt-thérapeute, un voyage bien singulier !
Authors: Van Damme Pierre
Published: July 2020

L’auteur évoque son parcours singulier de Gestalt-thérapeute, au fil des années, depuis son point de départ familial comme un voyageur qui s’enrichit à chaque rencontre de nouveauté clinique et théorique. Comment la rencontre a-t-elle débuté ? Sur quel fond de souffrance ? À partir de quelles rencontres, quelles pratiques, quels repères théoriques ? Il interroge aussi les limites de la Gestalt-thérapie des fondateurs dans une recherche d’intégration. Il souligne enfin combien ce métier comporte de risques et se souvient des nombreux soutiens externes qui l’ont aidé à y faire face par lui-même.
Quitter la robe d’Avocate pour celle de Gestalt-thérapeute
Authors: Stratula Aliona
Published: July 2020

Arrivée en France à 13 ans avec sa famille moldave qui la soutient dans l’excellence de ses études, l’auteure évoque la quête de sens qui l’habite depuis toujours et qui va la conduire de la réussite sociale dans de grands cabinets d’avocats vers la réussite personnelle en quittant le Barreau pour devenir Gestalt-thérapeute. Une histoire d’immigration, d’intégration, de recherche de sécurité, de crise de sens. Montrant comment elle passe d’un métier de sachante à une posture plus exigeante, avec l’anxiété pendant et après les séances, elle souligne notre spécificité Gestaltiste.
La géopolitique des frontières réaffirmée
Authors: Dumont Gérard-François
Published: July 2020

Face à la pandémie qui s’est déployée à compter de fin 2019 de la Chine vers l’ensemble des continents, la première conséquence a été sanitaire afin d’en limiter ses effets mortifères en protégeant les populations. Une deuxième a été économique puisque les décisions de confinement, au moins partielles, qui ont concerné plus de la moitié des populations du monde, ont engendré une récession sans équivalent depuis la crise de 1929. Ces deux conséquences sont les plus visibles, car quantifiables par le nombre de morts ou les diminutions de PIB. Mais elles ne doivent pas masquer les bouleversements géopolitiques de la covid-19 168 .
Metabolic Syndrome in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Authors: Kim Hyun Jung , Wilson Cynthia , Van Deusen Timothy , Millard Hun , Qayyum Zheala , Parke Susan
Published: July 2020

In adults, metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as a constellation of at least 3 of 5 cardiometabolic risk factors: central obesity, hyperglycemia, elevated blood pressure, elevated triglycerides, and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In pediatric populations, MetS remains a controversial topic due to lack of clear consensus regarding the definition, clinical utility, and lack of standardized guidelines. Despite these controversies, pediatric MetS is receiving increasing clinical and research attention due to the growing obesity epidemic and a substantial increase in the use of second-generation antipsychotics in recent years. Clinicians should be familiar with prevention, early identification, and management of obesity and metabolic derangements while working with youth with psychiatric disorders.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2020;50(8):326–333.]
Management of Metabolic Syndrome in Schizophrenia
Authors: Sharma Pragyan , Brown Hannah E.
Published: July 2020

People with schizophrenia have an increased morbidity and mortality rate compared to the general population. Physical illness, including cardiovascular disease, is a major contributing factor to early mortality. Metabolic syndrome (MetS), an entity of clinical findings consisting of central obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension, is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. MetS is prevalent in people with psychiatric disorders, especially those with schizophrenia. Contributing factors for developing MetS among people with schizophrenia include sedentary lifestyle, poor diet, medication side effects, limited access to medical care, and the illness itself. Additionally, screening and monitoring recommendations are less likely to be adhered by people with schizophrenia. To improve overall physical health and decrease the mortality gap for people with schizophrenia, clinicians must implement the appropriate MetS screening, prevention, and treatment measures.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2020;50(8):340–345.]
An Exploration of the Potential Role of Digital Technologies for Promoting Learning in Foreign Language Classrooms: Lessons for a Pandemic
Authors: Masterson Mary
Published: July 2020

This research study focuses on long-term digital technologies assisted cross-cultural communication as an instructional model. Secondary school foreign language learners of German and English collaborated online with the same age-cohort peers to acquire new cultural knowledge, as well as develop digi-tal technologies skills. Findings revealed that digital technologies facilitated personalised student-led learning through an inquiry-based approach. Results further indicated that the learners had rich opportunities to share their stories and to think critically about themselves and others. Indeed, pupils enriched their understanding of their partner’s culture as well as developing an en-hanced understanding of the influence of culture on behaviour and thinking. The students learned to use digital technologies by creating digital profiles, posting their comments, asking questions, exchanging cultural information, and gaining linguistic and cultural experience of a native speaker in a virtual space. This paper shows that with the purposeful integration of digital tech-nologies in foreign language classrooms opportunities for richer student learning experiences can be promoted.
Professional Competences in STEM Education
Authors: Sabirova Fairuza , Vinogradova Marina , Isaeva Anastasia , Litvinova Tatiana , Kudinov Sergey
Published: July 2020

The ongoing changes in the modern world - represented with nano-, bio-, info- and cognitive technological development - requires a certain skill set, mastering of which is necessary for any professional and above all - a STEM-specialist. Thus, alongside the technological advancement, leading global corporations seek to employ candidates exhibiting particular soft-skills, among which leadership and emotional intellect are in especially high demand. The purpose of the article is to formulate a comprehensive STEM portfolio, consisting of soft, emotional and leadership skills (SELS). Consequently, a new method of developing leadership skills in the STEM educational process is offered. As opposed to traditional methods of management, the new approach is based on the principle of emotional intellect, thus allowing to influence employees on a level that engages them personally, hence more effectively. The offered methodology is applicable in both educational and corporal spheres of professional STEM activity.
Implementation of an Adaptive Learning System based on Agents and Web Services
Authors: El Ghouch Nihad , En-Naimi EL Mokhtar , Kouissi Mohamed
Published: July 2020

Today, the integration of web services and agent technology into Internet applications has attracted the attention of many researchers, so that these applications allow a web service to call an agent service and vice versa. Web services are emerging and promising technologies for the development, deploy-ment and integration of the Internet applications and the use of agents makes them dynamic and automatic, they can provide updates when there is new infor-mation available and improve the qualities of web services by exploiting the ca-pacities and the characteristics of agents. In this context, we propose a prototype of a multi-agent adaptive learning system based on Incremental Hybrid Case Based Reasoning in order to support the learner in his learning process by offer-ing him a learning path adapted to his profile and predict his future learning. This support will be achieved through the execution of a hybrid cycle of Case Based Reasoning which brings together a set of agents collaborating and interacting with each other to provide specific services.
Digital Literacy and Digital Didactics as the Basis for New Learning Models Development
Authors: Liu Zhi-Jiang , Tretyakova Natalia , Fedorov Vladimir , Kharakhordina Marina
Published: July 2020

An efficient organization of the educational process within rapid acceleration of the society digitization is impossible without increasing its digital literacy, if the latter is really estimated and new models of digital learning didactics are devel-oped respectively. So, it is necessary to study an actual state of digital literacy, as well as to search for and introduce new learning models in the educational system based on the use of modern innovative technologies and digital learning methods. The objective of the research is to examine the level of the digital literacy of teachers, and also opportunities and promising trends within the digital didactics for the formation of competencies as the basis of a new model for the develop-ment of a new learning model in the context of the formation of the digital knowledge society. Two main methods have been used – elaboration of the ab-stract and logical model and a survey. In the research the data obtained as a result of the survey conducted in 2018 by NAFI Analytical Centre related to the meas-urement of the digital literacy level of teachers and lecturers in Russia were used. The number of respondents made up 634 lecturers (higher education) as well as 555 teachers (general education). The digital literacy formation model was devel-oped based on the didactic learning triangle taking into account the synthesis of three learning environments – real, virtual and neurocognitive. The analysis of the survey data demonstrated that in the aggregate of the compared indices for differ-ent social groups of the population, school teachers and lecturers of higher educa-tional institutions have reached the higher level of the digital literacy, which sig-nificantly exceeds the average Russian level. So, in Russia as a whole the index of the digital literacy of the adult population by a similar measurement method makes up 52% out of 100% possible ones, school teachers – 87%, lecturers of higher educational institutions – 88%. The use of research results in practice is possible with the improvement of training programs, the exchange of internation-al experience and further researches.
Smart Online Courses Using Computational Intelligence
Authors: Wahyono Irawan Dwi , Saryono Djoko , Asfani Khoirudin , Ashar Muhammad , Sunarti Sunarti
Published: July 2020

Computer network security has become an important issue in recent decades, the government and several international organizations have invested in professional education and training for computer network security. In addition, with the increasing incidence of computer network security crimes, the government and several organizations have taken precautions by providing training to students about computer network security. Some parties develop learning models that are suitable for students and find appropriate learning methods to produce professionals in the field of computer network security that is more effective. The purpose of this study is to design a framework-based Learning system in the form of an Adaptive Online Open Course in Computer System Security Subjects for Information Technology (IT) students. The benefits of this framework are to enhance students' skills and abilities in industrial-based computer network security, startup companies and the ability to complete CTF competitions in IT network security. The framework designed is Adaptive in which students learn according to the interests and topics of Computer Network Security. Interest-based on students in completing the pretest per topic. Testing in this study is testing the impact and improvement of students' learning abilities and skills on Computer Security and Security System Competence testing in a small group consisting of 20 students by seeing the success of completing 3 CTF Topics with each topic totaling 100 computer network security problems in the CTF competition, the average validation result was 83.01% and the CTF exam passing rate was 93%
HEALTH ENGAGED ARCHITECTURE IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19
Authors: Fezi Bogdan Andrei
Published: July 2020

In the context of the COVID-19, this article reveals the potential of architecture and urbanism in the prevention and control of epidemics and in playing an active role in human health. The historical approach shows that the same space-controlled measures against pandemics were used for centuries to combat leper or plague: quarantine, isolation and confinement. The fight against tuberculosis led, from the 1830s, to the hygiene movement which facilitated current principles for a healthy architecture regarding sunlight and ventilation. In the 1920s, hygienic concepts constituted the foundation for modernist architecture and urbanism. With the advent of antibiotics, in the 1940s, medicine was emancipated from architecture. In the 1970s, the criticism of the social modernist shortcoming led to the New Urbanism or Urban Village movements and environmental issues to Green Architecture and Urbanism.

The paper investigates how the present pandemic confirms the last decades warnings and the previous concerns about the correspondence between population density and mortality rates. The article examines the linkages between scale in the built environment, epidemiology and proxemics. The goal is to determine the place of architecture and urbanism in social resilience management during pandemics.

Solutions for health engaged architecture and urbanism are indicated at different scales: object scale—hygiene; people scale—distancing and isolation; interior spaces—air control by ventilation, filtering and humidifying; residential—intermediate housing, public spaces between buildings—the key for social interactions; working—telecommuting, size and dispersion; shopping—proximity and downscaling; transportation—walking, bicycling, shared mobility and robo-taxies; and higher scale-mixed use neighborhoods.

Architectural certifications such as BREAM and LEED may need to implement similar guidelines for public health. Healthy building movements like Fitwel and WELL Building Standard have already taken steps to foster healthy urbanism, and LEED for Neighborhood Development addresses health related issues. In the context of the COVID-19 and the concern of future pandemics, research in these areas will need to be expanded.
Enabling Legal Environment of Islamic Finance and Social Finance in Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Yaacob Hakimah , Yaacob Adli , Basir Khairul Hidayatullah , Ali Qaisar
Published: July 2020

According to ICD Thomson Reuters Islamic Finance Development Indicator 2014, Brunei Darussalam ranked 10th out of 92 countries that practise Islamic Finance. This makes Brunei well-placed to grow an international role in the investment management of Islamic products, and in the provision of takaful. Wawasan 2035 envisages that, by 2035, Brunei has projected that the contribution of the financial sectors including Islamic Finance to GDP will have expanded to 8% of GDP. However, there is lacuna of enabling a legal environment that hinders the growth of Islamic finance. The objective of the chapter is to analyse the legal impasse that hinders the growth of Islamic finance from legal perspectives. Despite strong support from the High Majesty, Brunei has taken a moderate move in the importance of creating legal enabling environment as a pathway for economic diversification by 2035. This chapter adopts library research with reference to the acts, and cases reported. This chapter concludes with suggestions for the authority's consideration and policy research.
Metaphors in Business Applications
Authors: Rai Sunny , Chakraverty Shampa , Tayal Devendra Kumar
Published: July 2020

Commercial advertisements, social campaigns, and ubiquitous online reviews are a few non-literary domains where creative text is profusely embedded to capture a viewer's imagination. Recent AI business applications such as chatbots and interactive digital campaigns emphasise the need to process creative text for a seamless and fulfilling user experience. Figurative text in human communication conveys implicit perceptions and unspoken emotions. Metaphor is one such figure of speech that maps a latent idea in a target domain to an evocative concept from a source domain. This chapter explores the problem of computational metaphor interpretation through the glass of subjectivity. The world wide web is mined to learn about the source domain concept. Ekman emotion categories and pretrained word embeddings are used to model the subjectivity. The performance evaluation is performed to determine the reader's preference for emotive vs non emotive meanings. This chapter establishes the role of subjectivity and user inclination towards the meaning that fits in their existing cognitive schema.
Research Journey of Hate Content Detection From Cyberspace
Authors: Ghosal Sayani , Jain Amita
Published: July 2020

Hate content detection is the most prospective and challenging research area under the natural language processing domain. Hate speech abuse individuals or groups of people based on religion, caste, language, or sex. Enormous growth of digital media and cyberspace has encouraged researchers to work on hatred speech detection. A commonly acceptable automatic hate detection system is required to stop flowing hate-motivated data. Anonymous hate content is affecting the young generation and adults on social networking sites. Through numerous studies and review papers, the chapter identifies the need for artificial intelligence (AI) in hate speech research. The chapter explores the current state-of-the-art and prospects of AI in natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning algorithms. The chapter aims to identify the most successful methods or techniques for hate speech detection to date. Revolution in this research helps social media to provide a healthy environment for everyone.
Effect of Flow Acceleration and Buoyancy on Thermalhydraulics of sCO2 in Mini/Micro-Channel
Authors: Kumar Nitesh , Basu Dipankar Narayan , Chen Lin
Published: July 2020

Supercritical fluids have found enhanced applications in several sectors. High efficiency and high compactness associated with supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle are of major interest to the thermal engineers. Additionally, due to environment friendly properties, such as zero ODP, considerably lower GWP, non-toxic and nonflammable supercritical carbon dioxide has emerged as a potential substitute of conventional refrigerants. The peculiar properties of supercritical fluids ensured distinct flow and thermal characteristics of supercritical systems. Therefore, the chapter is aimed to discuss the thermalhydraulic characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide in minichannel and microchannel. Both experimental and numerical studies on flow and thermal behavior of supercritical carbon dioxide will be discussed. The focus of this chapter is to examine the effect of buoyancy and flow acceleration on heat transfer performance. Considering the widespread applicability, the comprehensive discussion introduced in the chapter will affirmatively help the researchers.
Normal and Deteriorated Heat Transfer Under Heating Turbulent Supercritical Pressure Coolants Flows in Round Tubes
Authors: Kurganov Vladimir A. , Zeigarnik Yury A. , Maslakova Irina V.
Published: July 2020

Heat transfer to a turbulent flow of supercritical pressure (SCP) fluids under intense heating conditions is considered. The problem of heat transfer deteriorating under high heat loads and the reasons of its origination are analyzed. The results of hydraulic measurements in a flow and its structure using “two pressure drop” method and sounding technique in the regimes of normal and deteriorated heat transfer are presented. The existed correlations on normal heat transfer are analyzed and assessed as to their accuracy. It is pointed out that all the correlations developed using “old” thermophysical properties existed before implementing IAWPS-97 must be corrected. Respective recommendations on this problem and the new correlation for normal heat transfer are presented.
Application of Supercritical Fluids in Thermal- and Nuclear-Power Engineering
Authors: Pioro Igor L.
Published: July 2020

Supercritical Fluids (SCFs) have unique thermophyscial properties and heat-transfer characteristics, which make them very attractive for use in power industry. In this chapter, specifics of thermophysical properties and heat transfer of SCFs such as water, carbon dioxide, and helium are considered and discussed. Also, particularities of heat transfer at Supercritical Pressures (SCPs) are presented, and the most accurate heat-transfer correlations are listed. Supercritical Water (SCW) is widely used as the working fluid in the SCP Rankine “steam”-turbine cycle in fossil-fuel thermal power plants. This increase in thermal efficiency is possible by application of high-temperature reactors and power cycles. Currently, six concepts of Generation-IV reactors are being developed, with coolant outlet temperatures of 500°C~1000°C. SCFs will be used as coolants (helium in GFRs and VHTRs, and SCW in SCWRs) and/or working fluids in power cycles (helium, mixture of nitrogen (80%) and helium (20%), nitrogen and carbon dioxide in Brayton gas-turbine cycles, and SCW/“steam” in Rankine cycle).