bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Infección del sitio quirúrgico tras cirugía craneal. Análisis de los factores de riesgo
Authors: Chisbert Genovés María Pilar , Mármol López María Isabel , Moreno Oliveras Luis , Vidagany Espert María Sales , Íñigo Clarí Salvador , Piquer Belloch José
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: Determinar la incidencia de infección superficial de la herida quirúrgica en los pacientes intervenidos de cirugía craneal y analizar los factores de riesgo intrínsecos y extrínsecos.Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo en el Servicio de Neurocirugía del Hospital Universitario de La Ribera (Alzira, Valencia) que abarcó el periodo 2005-2015, donde se incluyeron todos los enfermos que habían sido intervenidos de cirugía craneal y que desarrollaron infección superficial de la herida quirúrgica hasta un año después de la intervención. Se excluyeron los pacientes intervenidos mediante abordaje transesfenoidal y cirugía de la hidrocefalia.Resultados: De un total de 870 craneotomías realizadas en 710 pacientes, 14 presentaron infección del sitio quirúrgico (ISQ) en un tiempo medio de 66,4 días, lo que supone una incidencia acumulada de infección del 1,6%. Destacan factores como el rasurado en Sala de Hospitalización 12 horas previas a la cirugía (85,7%) y la fístula de líquido cefalorraquídeo (28,57%). En relación a la evolución del paciente, fueron variables estadísticamente significativas la obesidad (p=0,047; OR=2,15) y las infecciones coexistentes (p=0,011; OR=4,00). La cirugía urgente presenta casi el doble de probabilidad de ser una cirugía contaminada (p=0,049; OR=1,70).  Hubo extensión profunda afectando al hueso o cavidad intracraneal en un porcentaje alto de casos (92,8%), que motivó que la mortalidad global de la serie fuera muy elevada 3/14 (21,4%).Conclusión: La obesidad en el paciente sometido a cirugía craneal causa el doble de probabilidad de exitus por ISQ. Y la presencia de infecciones coexistentes provoca cuatro veces más riesgo.
Comparative Performance of 14 HCC Prediction Models in CHB: A Dynamic Validation at Serial On-Treatment Timepoints
Authors: Wu Shanshan , Zhou Jialing , Wu Xiaoning , Sun Yameng , Wang Bingqiong , Kong Yuanyuan , Zhan Siyan , Jia Jidong , Yang Hwai-I , You Hong
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:

To assess comparative performance of 14 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prediction models in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients using on-treatment values at different timepoints.

METHODS:

Based on a nationwide prospective cohort of 986 treatment-naive CHB patients undergoing entecavir therapy with every 26-week follow-up, 14 HCC risk scores were calculated using on-treatment values at week 26, 52, 78, and 104, respectively. Model performance predicting 3-year HCC was assessed using time-dependent area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration index. Model cutoffs were validated through common diagnostic accuracy measures.

RESULTS:

During median 4.7-year follow-up, 56 (7.5%) developed HCC. Discrimination using on-treatment values within first 2 years was generally acceptable for most models (AUCs ranging from 0.68 to 0.81), except for REACH-B, NGM-HCC, and PAGE-B, although AUCs slightly decreased from week 26 to 104. Of these, REAL-B, CAMD, GAG-HCC, AASL-HCC, LSM-HCC, mPAGE-B, and mREACH-BII showed highest discrimination with AUCs ranging from 0.76 to 0.81, 0.72 to 0.76, 0.70 to 0.76, and 0.71 to 0.74 when reassessment at week 26, 52, 78, and 104, respectively. With reassessment within first 2 years, both REAL-B and CAMD calibrated well (Brier score ranging from 0.037 to 0.052). Of 9 models reporting cutoffs, REAL-B, AASL-HCC, and mPAGE-B using on-treatment values could identify 30%–40% of patients as low risk with minimal HCC incidence in the low-risk group (0.40% [REAL-B]–1.56% [mPAGE-B]).

DISCUSSION:

In this undergoing antiviral treatment CHB cohort, most HCC prediction models performed well even using on-treatment values during first 2 years, particularly REAL-B, AASL-HCC, CAMD, and mPAGE-B model.
Incidence of Hepatitis E Infection in American Patients With Suspected Drug-Induced Liver Injury Is Low and Declining: The DILIN Prospective Study
Authors: Fontana Robert John , Engle Ronald E. , Hayashi Paul H. , Gu Jiezhun , Kleiner David E. , Nguyen Hahn , Barnhart Huiman , Hoofnagle Jay H. , Farci Patrizia
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection rarely causes icteric hepatitis, yet 10%–40% of adult Americans have serological evidence of previous infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence, presentation, and outcome of acute and previous HEV infection in a large cohort of patients with suspected drug-induced liver injury (DILI).

METHODS:

Serum samples from 2012 patients enrolled in the DILI Network were tested for anti-HEV immunoglobulin G (IgG). Those with detectable anti-HEV IgG underwent testing for anti-HEV IgM; those with detectable anti-HEV immunoglobulin m (IgM) were tested for HEV RNA.

RESULTS:

Anti-HEV IgG was detected in 407 (20%) patients and associated with increasing subject age and earlier year of enrollment. The median age of seropositive subjects was more than a decade higher than seronegative subjects (59.8 vs 48.7 years). The overall prevalence of anti-HEV declined from 22% (2004–2011) to 18% (2012–2019), suggestive of a cohort effect. The frequency of acute hepatitis E (median ALT = 1231 IU/L) also decreased from 3% (2004–2008) to 1.2% (2009–2013) to 0.6% (2014–2019). These results suggest that acute HEV infection is usually subclinical and was much more frequent in this cohort before 2004.

DISCUSSION:

Acute HEV infection accounts for less than 1% of suspected American DILI cases and is more frequent in older men. Previous HEV infection is also most commonly seen in older individuals. Clinicians should consider testing for unsuspected acute HEV infection in older adult patients with acute hepatocellular DILI and jaundice.
Adaptation in change management from the perspective of the sports federation presidents and general secretaries
Authors: Şahin Bayram , Çolakoğlu Tekin
Published: June 2022

In this study, change management, which is an important issue today, has been examined. It has been done with the aim of determining how institutions adapt to this change management in the face of change management, while their environment changes, and how they adapt themselves to this changing environment. First of all, sports organizations were examined in the study. Representing these organizations, sports federations are taken as a basis. Interviews were made with the presidents of the federation and the general secretaries of the federation. Subsequently, the audio recordings were transcribed and recorded. While analyzing the recorded data, the data were coded according to predetermined criteria. Subsequently, the audio recordings were transcribed and recorded. While analyzing the recorded data, the data were coded according to predetermined criteria. The codes created after the coding were combined under the themes. Finally, the themes were explained by associating them with the theories. A total of ten (10) participants participated in the study. Five (5) of them are sports federation presidents and the other five (5) are general sectarians of sports federations. During the interviews, the same semi-structured questions were asked to the federation presidents and federation general secretaries.
​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.
 
Özet
Yapılan bu çalışmada günümüzde önemli bir konu olan değişim yönetimi incelenmiştir. Değişim yönetimi karşısında kurumların bu değişim yönetimine nasıl adapte oldukları çevreleri değişirken kendileri bu değişen çevre karşısında nasıl uyumladıklarını belirlemek amacı ile yapılmıştır. Öncelikle çalışmada spor örgütleri incelenmiştir. Bu örgütleri temsilen spor federasyonları baz alınmıştır. Federasyon başkanları ve federasyon genel sekreterleriyle görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Devamında alınan ses kayıtları yazıya geçirilerek kaydedilmiştir. Kaydedilen verilerin analizleri yapılırken veriler önceden belirlenmiş kriterler göre kodlanmıştır. Yapılan kodlamalar sonrasında oluşturulan kodlar temalar altında birleştirilmiştir. Son olarak oluşturan temalara kuramlar ile ilişkilendirilerek açıklanmıştır. Yapılan çalışmaya toplam on (10) katılımcı katılmıştır. Bunlardan beşi (5) spor federasyon başkanları diğer beş (5) ise spor federasyonları genel sekterleridir. Katılımcıların verdikleri cevaplar doğrultusunda çıkan sonuçlar analiz edilerek karşılaştırılmıştır. Karşılaştırılan sonuçlar bulgular kısmında önceden belirlenmiş kriter doğrultusunda paylaşılmıştır.
Ketahanan Sistemik Tanaman Kentang Oleh Aplikasi PGPR
Authors: Purwantisari Susiana , Parman Sarjana , Handayani Dwi , Karnoto K
Published: June 2022

Late blight disease caused by Phytophthora infestans, is probably the single most important disease of potatoes worldwide. Infected plants were quickly killed and were difficult for replanting, causing significant losses for the growers. Various control methods were examined including the use of biocontrol agents of PGPR.  The research objective was to determine the ability of PGPR product from Ngudi Makmur farmer group local to delay late blight disease incidence on potato plants in the field. The in vivo experiment was carried out at potato land area located at Kledung  Sub District, Kledung District and Temanggung Regency. Randomized Block Design (RBD) with five treatments was applied with five treatments each of which was placed in a different plot and each plot was filled with 40 plant treatments. On the first plot, no treatment was given (P1); the second plot was given chemical fertilizer (P2), the third plot was supplemented with PGPR one dose (P3), the fourth plot was PGPR two dose (P4), and the last was the fifth plot treated with GA hormone (P5). Result of the research showed that application of PGPR could delay disease intensity until 14 days. These antagonist could be used as biological agents initials to control leaf blight disease. There was an improvement in the quality of potato tubers harvested with the PGPR application compared to controls too.
Pengaruh Penambahan Limbah Kertas 80% dan Kayu 20% Sebagai Alternatif Media Tanam Jamur Tiram Putih (Pleurotus ostreatus)
Authors: Isnawati I , Mahmudi Irkham , Khayati Dian N , Utami Tri W , Purwanti Kiki E , Ulfa Maria
Published: June 2022

Paper waste is an  organic residual that has not been widely utilized and its existence around us. The high cellulose content in paper waste allows it to be used as a media for cultivating white oyster mushrooms. This aims to compare the speed of mycelium propagation from different concentration of paper in each growing medium. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six treatments and five repeattation. The treatment used is the difference in the composition of 0% paper waste media (control); 20% of paper waste; 40% of paper waste; 60% of paper waste; 80% of paper waste; and 100% of waste paper. The data were obtained from six time  observations in the form of mycelium propagation (cm)and tested with anava. The results were not significant at 1,65 using correcttion factor 2,53. Mycelium propagation speed was influenced by environmental factors such as temperature, light intensity, humidity, and air circulation.
Struktur Histologi Hepar Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) Jantan setelah Pemberian Teh Kombucha Konsentrasi 75% dengan Waktu Fermentasi yang Berbeda
Authors: Isdadiyanto Sri , Tana Silvana
Published: June 2022

This research was conducted to study and analyze the influence of kombucha fermentation 6 (P1), 9 (P2) and 12 (P3) days fermentation with 75% concentration on hepatic tissue structure and hepatocyte diameter. This study used 16 male Wistar rats consisted of 4 treatments and 4 repeat. The treatment of this study consisted of P0: control treatment; P1, P2 and P3 were treatment of kombucha fermented tea 6, 9 and 12 days of 75% concentration respectively. This research used Completely Randomized Design (RAL). The variables measured in this study were hepatocyte diameter, body weight, feed and drink consumption in animal test. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 95% confidence level. The result of data analysis showed that kombucha fermentation 6, 9 and 12 days of 75% concentration had no significant difference to all variables. Histology of the liver were not indicate the presence of tissue-damaged features such as chronic inflammation (cirrhosis). It could be concluded that tea kombucha was safe for consumption by mammalia because it was not affect liver damage.
Potensi Ekowisata di Kawasan Mangrove Dusun Tuing Kabupaten Bangka
Authors: Farhaby Arthur Muhammad , Supratman Okto
Published: June 2022

Tuing is a remote  location in the Riau Silip District, Bangka Regency. Tuing has potential of marine fishery resources as well as tourism development potential to be developed in Bangka Regency. In addition to the resource potential of natural resources,moreover it is also rich in tin because almost all seas from 0-4 nautical miles have been issued by marine mining permits. This study aims to determine the suitability of mangrove land in Tuing to be developed as a tourist location. Data taken includes mangrove tourism suitability data, such as vegetation and environmental parameters. Based on the results of the analysis of ecotourism location suitability in the eight stations, stations 1,3,5,6 and 7 have inter-values of 86-96% or in the S1 category: with grades 80-100% (Very Appropriate), while the index values are different at stations 2 and 8 have a value of 52-69% in the S2 category: with a value of 60-80% (quite appropriate). Ecologically, there are 4 mangrove species, Soneratia alba, Rhizophora apiculata, Avicennia sp., Rhizophora mucronata. Accordingly, recommendations for development strategies the need for regulation of mining activities around the Tuing mangrove forest area, training for tourism-related businesses with local resources and ordinarily need more funding to provide support facilities and infrastructure.
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Fungi Endofit Tanaman Suruhan (Peperomia pellucida L. Kunth)
Authors: Rosa Lidiya Praktika , Wahyuni Dwi , Murdiyah Siti
Published: June 2022

Plants Suruhan (Paperomia pellucida L. Kunth) has traditionally been used as a drug abscesses, boils acne, skin diseases, headaches, relieve pain in arthritic.Various properties owned by the plant Suruhan make this plant as a major commodity medicinal plants are cultivated by the people. Suruhan pharmacological function can not be separated because their secondary metabolites that allegedly resulted from their symbiosis with endophytic microbes such as fungi. Endophytic fungi are microscopic fungi that live intracellularly in the plant tissue without damaging the host. This study aimed to isolate and identify endophytic fungi on plant fruit organs errand. Isolation of endophytic fungi on errands obtained 15 isolates comprising of Fusarium sambucinum, Cladosporium cladosporoides, Cladophialophora sp. Myrothecium sp., Gliocladium sp., Penicillium expansum, Aspergillus sp., Aspergilus niger, Lichtheimia sphaerocystis dan Absidia corymbifera.
Komposisi dan Struktur Vegetasi Riparian Strata Pohon di Kawasan Wana Wisata Curug Semirang, Ungaran, Semarang, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Pratama Raditya , Jumari J , Utami Sri
Published: June 2022

Wana Wisata Curug Semirang is a tourist area in Semarang Regency based on ecotourism. As an ecotourism area, Curug Semirang contribute as conservation area in order to protection and preservation of nature. Along with tourism development, biodiversity in Curug Semirang is increasingly threatened. The purpose of this study is to examine the composition and structure of riparian in Wana Wisata Curug Semirang Area. The method used in vegetation is a quadratic plot with a line transect. Vegetation observation was carried out at 3 stations which were divided into 15 plots covering tree strata and poles. Vegetation analysis was obtained with the value of density, dominance, frequency, and important value index. The results obtained 75 plant species covering 42 families, in the tree strata there are 16 species in 12 families, and the pole strata there are 20 species in 14 families. The highest INP of tree strata at station 1 was pine (Pinus merkusii) 180.04%, stations 2 and 3 were kemadu (Laportea sinuata) 147.53% and 102.76%, respectively. The highest IVI of the pole strata at stations 1 and 2 is coffee (Coffea arabica) 123.98% and 140.5%, and station 3 is rotan (Calamus rotang) 113%.
Tingkat Serangan Grayak Spodoptera litura Pada Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens) Dengan Pemberian Bakteri Lysinibacillus sphaericus
Authors: Cahyamurti Riza Afifah , Purwanto Hari
Published: June 2022

Indonesia is the fourth largest chili producer in the world. In 2017, chili (Capsicum frutescens) was ranked fifth as the largest seasonal vegetable commodity products. The productivity of chili cultivation in Indonesia is hampered by pests and diseases. One of the most common pests that attack chili plants is the armyworm Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Lysinibacillus sphaericus bacteria have the potential as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) as well as a bio control agent. This study aims to obtain L. sphaericus isolates that can increase the growth of chili and to determine the effect of L. sphaericus isolates which have the potential for PGPR on the growth of the armyworm feeding on the chili plants. The research method used is experimental research conducted at the Laboratory of Entomology and Sawitsari Research Station, Universitas Gadjah Mada. This study used three replicate by inoculating one millilitre per plant. The results obtained from testing the 105 isolates in the collection of the Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada showed that the isolates that can increase the growth of chili plant indicated with its plant height, were isolates A42, A49, A19, A5, and A38. While the results of plant with the highest number of leaves showed the isolates A49, A42, A19, A38, and A28 were the best among the isolates tested. Some L. sphaericus isolates could increase plant growth compared to the control, but not statistically significant. These bacteria by inoculating one mililitre to plant could not be used as a bio control agent in  S. litura because they did not have a significant different in leaf damage to the control.
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria dari Perakaran Kelapa Sawit pada Lahan Gambut
Authors: Ariyani Mei Dwi , Dewi Tirta Kumala , Pujiyanto Sri , Suprihadi Agung
Published: June 2022

Peatlands have characteristics of low pH and lack nutrients. Oil palm is the main plant commodity in peatland management. Oil palm roots have been known to be a nutrition source for the growth of soil microbes, especially bacteria around their roots or PGPR. PGPR are a group of bacteria that play an important role in supporting plant growth and health. The purpose of this research was to obtain PGPR potential from oil palm roots which can be used as candidates for biofertilizer agents. In this study, the isolation and selection of PGPR isolate from oil palm roots on oil palm plantations in Central Kalimantan were carried out based on their plant growth-promoting traits, including the activity of producing Indole Acetic Acid (IAA), phosphate solubilizing, N-fixing, K solubilizing, siderophore production, ACC deaminase activity, proteolytic activity, cellulolytic activity, and ligninolytic activity. A total of 17 isolates were selected to be tested for their multiple activities ability. The final results of the PGPR characterization showed that of the seventeen isolates, all isolates had PGPR activity at least three different abilities. From the seventeen isolates, it was found that the SW 5.5 PK 3A isolate had the highest IAA production activity (58,50 ppm), SW 4.10 PK 1A isolate had the highest K solubilizing index (3,16), SW 8.5 PK 1A isolate had both the highest P solubilizing index (3,73) and the highest siderophore zone index (5,20), SW 4.11 PK isolate had the highest proteolytic index (4,80), and SW 4.10 PK 1A.P isolates had the highest cellulolytic index (5,11).
FOPDT Model Based on Experimental Data from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Process Temperature Control in Fixed Bed
Authors: Khuriati Ainie
Published: June 2022

Incineration is the waste combustion at controlled high temperatures which converts waste into flue gas with the main components being CO2 and water. Temperature control aims to ensure safe combustion operation. In this study, the temperature controller uses a two-position temperature controller whose main components include two thermocouples, MAX6675, two burners, blower, Arduino, and one laptop. Temperature controllers were used to maintain the temperature in the combustion chamber and afterburner at the specified setpoint, namely 630oC and 850oC, respectively.  To test the performance of the controller, two models were made. The modeling was made using the experimental data obtained. The results show that the model and experimental results are in good agreement.
Elzbieta Halas – Nicolas Maslowski (eds.): Politics of Symbolization Across Central and Eastern Europe (Studies in Sociology: Symbols, Theory and Society Book 11)
Authors: Minářová Markéta
Published: June 2022

Book review on Elzbieta Halas – Nicolas Maslowski (eds.): Politics of Symbolization Across Central and Eastern Europe (Studies in Sociology: Symbols, Theory and Society Book 11). Berlín: Peter Lang, 2021, 304 s.
Efficiency, efficacy and subjective user satisfaction of alternative laboratory report formats. An investigation on behalf of the Working Group for Postanalytical Phase (WG-POST), of the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM)
Authors: Cadamuro Janne , Winzer Johannes , Perkhofer Lisa , von Meyer Alexander , Bauça Josep M , Plekhanova Olga , Linko-Parvinen Anna , Watine Joseph , Kniewallner Kathrin Maria , Keppel Martin Helmut , Šálek Tomáš , Mrazek Cornelia , Felder Thomas Klaus , Oberkofler Hannes , Haschke-Becher Elisabeth , Vermeersch Pieter , Kristoffersen Ann Helen , Eisl Christoph
Published: June 2022

Objectives

Although laboratory result presentation may lead to information overload and subsequent missed or delayed diagnosis, little has been done in the past to improve this post-analytical issue. We aimed to investigate the efficiency, efficacy and user satisfaction of alternative report formats.

Methods

We redesigned cumulative (sparkline format) and single reports (improved tabular and z-log format) and tested these on 46 physicians, nurses and medical students in comparison to the classical tabular formats, by asking standardized questions on general items on the reports as well as on suspected diagnosis and follow-up treatment or diagnostics.

Results

Efficacy remained at a very high level both in the new formats as well as in the classical formats. We found no significant difference in any of the groups. Efficiency improved in all groups when using the sparkline cumulative format and marginally when showing the improved tabular format. When asking medical questions, efficiency and efficacy remained similar between report formats and groups. All alternative reports were subjectively more attractive to the majority of participants.

Conclusions

Showing cumulative reports as a graphical display led to faster detection of general information on the report with the same level of correctness. Considering the familiarity bias of the classical single report formats, the borderline-significant improvement of the alternative tabular format and the non-inferiority of the z-log format, suggests that single reports might benefit from some improvements derived from basic information design.
A novel fingerprint recognition method based on a Siamese neural network
Authors: Li Zihao , Wang Yizhi , Yang Zhong , Tian Xiaomin , Zhai Lixin , Wu Xiao , Yu Jianpeng , Gu Shanshan , Huang Lingyi , Zhang Yang
Published: June 2022

Fingerprint recognition is the most widely used identification method at present. However, it still falls short in terms of cross-platform and algorithmic complexity, which exerts a certain effect on the migration of fingerprint data and the development of the system. The conventional image recognition methods require offline standard databases constructed in advance for image access efficiency. The database can provide a pre-processed image via a specific method that probably is compatible merely with the specific recognition algorithm. Then, the specific recognition algorithm starts the process of retrieving these specific pre-proessing images for recognition and inevitably will be blocked from other datasets. The proposed method in this research designed an embedded image processing algorithm based on a Siamese neural network in the recognition method that allows the proposed method to recognize images from any source without constructing a database for image storage in advance. In this research, the proposed method was applied to fingerprint recognition and evaluation of the proposed method was evaluated. The results showed that the accuracy of the proposed algorithm was up to 92%, and itsF1 score was up to 0.87. Compared with the conventional fingerprint matching methods, its significant advantage in the FRR, FAR, and CR jointly indicated the remarkable correct recognition rate of the proposed method.
A preliminary study on the relationship between environmental endocrine disruptors and precocious puberty in girls
Authors: Zhou Fang , Jin Zhenzhen , Zhu Li , Huang Fang , Ye Angzhi , Hou Chunguang
Published: June 2022

Objectives

To explore the associations of environmental endocrine disruptors on precocious puberty in girls.

Methods

This was a case-control study in which 30 girls with precocious puberty and 46 age- and race-matched prepubertal females were enrolled. The concentrations of 10 environment endocrine disruptors (bisphenol A, bisphenol B, butylparaben, propylparaben, ethvlparaben, methylparaben, mono-butyl phthalate, mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, monoethyl phthalate, and monomethyl phthalate) in urine and 10 steroid hormones (dihydrotestosterone, corticosterone, hydrocortisone, 11-deoxycortisol, 17α-hydroxy progesterone, 4-androstene-3,17-dione, estrone, deoxycorticosterone, pregnenolone, and dehydroepiandrosterone) in serum were detected with the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).

Results

According to the Mann–Whitney U test, urinary levels of bisphenol A, monobutyl phthalate, and monomethyl phthalate were significantly higher in the precocious group than in the prepubertal group, and blood levels of hydrocortisone, 11-deoxycortisol, corticosterone, deoxycorticosterone, and pregnenolone were significantly lower in the precocious group than in the prepubertal group (p<0.05, VIP>1).

Conclusions

Our findings confirm the association between phthalate exposure and the incidence of precocious puberty in girls. Control and reduction of children exposure to phthalate esters should be considered as a health priority.
Non-past marking in Mewahang with comparative notes on Upper Arun
Authors: Gerber Pascal
Published: June 2022

This paper constitutes the first account of the tense morphology of Mewahang, a hitherto undescribed Trans-Himalayan language (Upper Arun, Kiranti). The paper discusses non-past marking in the western dialect of Mewahang, presenting and illustrating its different allomorphs and relating them historically by internal reconstruction. Furthermore, comparative notes on non-past marking in the other Upper Arun languages, Eastern Mewahang, Yamphu and Lohorung, are added. It is shown that a non-past morpheme *-yukcan tentatively be reconstructed for Proto-Upper Arun, but that at the same time the Upper Arun languages show a strong tendency to quickly grammaticalise new non-past morphology, and that the reconstructed morpheme is only retained in traces in Eastern Mewahang and Yamphu. The reconstruction of *-yukfor Proto-Upper Arun is the first empirical substantiation of the Upper Arun branch of Kiranti, since it probably constitutes a diagnostic innovation of this group of languages.
Prevalence of Skin Diseases among Primary School Children
Authors: M. Ali Khalis , Surchi Omer , Al-Hadithi Tariq
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: Skin diseases constitute serious public health problems throught the world, especially in children. The aim of the study was to determine the preva-lence of skin diseases in primary school children in Erbil city, and its relation to various socio-demographic factors. Methods: A total of 6915 pupils aged 6-15 years were randomly selected from 32 primary schools using multistage random sampling technique. Data regarding general socio-demographic variables were collected from each student in a specially designed question-naire. Children were clinically examined and the dermatological findings were recorded. Results: The overall prevalence of skin diseases was 40.6%, Infectious dermatoses have the highest prevalence rate (15.27%), followed by eczematous skin diseases (13.13%). The overall prevalence of skin diseases and infectious dermatoses were significantly higher among females, younger age groups and those of low socio-economic status, while eczematous skin diseases were significantly higher among males. Conclusions: Skin conditions are common among school children, which may reflect pre-vailing low socio-economic conditions. Relevant health education programs and preventive measures should be implemented.
Randomized, Prospective Comparison of Post-Operative Pain In Low - Versus High -Pressure Pneumoperitoneum in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Al-Dabbagh Ali , Ismaeel Nabaz
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: CO2 insuflation constitutes the commonest means of creat-ing the pneumoperitoneum (PP), but it is attributed to many post-laparoscopic cholecyste-comy adverse effects including pain triggering. The aim of this trial was to evaluate the effi-cacy of low-pressure CO2 PP during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in reducing the incidence of postoperative pain. Methods: A double-blind, randomized, clinical trial was conducted on 100 patients with symptomatic gall stones. Patients were randomized preoperatively into group A (n=50) who underwent LC with 8 mmHg CO2 PP throughout the procedure and those in group B (n=50) had LC with 12 mmHg CO2 PP. Abdominal and shoulder-tip pain were assessed with verbal rating scale (VRS) scoring at 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours postoperatively. Results: The low-pressure PP did not increase the duration of surgery. There were neither significant peri-operative complications nor conversion to open procedure in either group. A statistical comparison of mean cumulative VRS scores for abdominal and shoulder-tip pain in both groups shows statistical significance at 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours after operation. Conclusion: A CO2 PP at 8 mmHg reduces both the frequency and intensity of abdomi-nal and shoulder-tip pain following LC without increasing the rate of intra-operative compli-cations.
Inhibitory effect of gundelia extract on urinary α-amylase activity of type-I diabetes mellitus
Authors: Hamad Namam , Hasan Hamid
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: α-amylase is an enzyme that degrades starch into maltose and glucose by hydrolyzing α-1,4-glucan bonds.It is known that the enzyme is found to be elevated in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus.A potent extracts of locally distributed wild plant,the Gundelia was found to inhibit elevated activity of α-amylase with dose responses. Methods: Samples of 50 diabetes mellitus type-I has been investigated for urinary α-amylase activity.An inhibitory dose of Gundelia extract were used for the inhibition of the elevated enzyme activity.The data obtained were compared with that of healthy controlled samples﴾30﴿.The adopted protocol was a colorimetric determination﴾Anonymous,1980﴿ . Results: α-amylase activity was found to be elevated﴾281.70±10.03 IU/24hr) in patient’s serum compared with that of controlled samples﴾43.38±3.33 IU/24hr﴿.The activity of the enzyme was found to be inhibited﴾160.11±250.4 IU/hr﴿ in patients serum using dose response of 15mg/ml of Gundelia extract. The study were comprehensive to determined the physical parameters of the enzyme activity and a values of Vmax and Km were obtained. Conclusion: It was known that Gundelia is used in prevention and treatment of liver diseases. The plant has a role in the body as an antioxidant factor.It has a hypolipemic effect, therefore, a use of such plant extract could have a hypoglycemic activities on patients with DM-I.
Anxiety among patients undergoing major general surgery
Authors: Bakr Shirin , Ali Sirwan , Khudhr Saadia
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: It has been recognized for more than 40 years that patients experience different levels of anxiety when faced with impending surgery. The degree to which each patient manifests anxiety is related to many factors; this study aims to assess the level of anxiety among patients undergoing major general surgery and to identify the effect of gender on preoperative anxiety. Methods: A sample of 300 patients who were admitted from 5th April 2009 to the 10th November 2009; in general surgery units of teaching hospitals ( Rezgari & Hawler ) in Erbil city were interviewed to assess their level of anxiety before surgery. The instrument used for this purpose was a questionnaire that included socio-demographic information and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) of Spilberger. Results: Most of the patients showed moderate to severe anxiety level; (moderate=50% and severe=38.3%) others showed mild anxiety level (11.7%). A statistically significant relationship was seen between preoperative anxiety and gender; female patients showed high levels of anxiety (severe anxiety=46.9%) while male patients showed less severe anxiety level (severe anxiety=28.6%). Conclusion: According to the results of the study patients undergoing major general surgery need to be assessed regarding level of anxiety before surgery. This anxiety should be reduced through appropriate interventions, especially in women who have been found to experience high levels of anxiety.
Gasparyan Method of Total Autologous Reconstruction of the Mitral Valve: Case Report
Authors: Imam Ali Sabzi Feridoun , Ch Gasparyan Vahe
Published: June 2022

In this case report we present our first clinical experience of total autologous reconstruction of the mitral valve using the technique, described in the experimental study of Dr. Gasparyan. This is a stentless, autologous valve - a very good alternative for the prosthetic valves in those cases when the mitral valve repair is not possible and its replacement is not desirable. This technique of the mitral valve reconstruction is reproducible and 3 months follow up results are encouraging. Key Words: mitral; valve; reconstruction; mitral reconstruction; autologous pericardium
Effects of Inositol in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Hayamizu Kohsuke , Kuramochi Yui , Sumino Akihide , Izumo Nobuo , Furukawa Megumi , Nakano Makoto
Published: June 2022

Background & Aims: To clarify the effects of treatment with inositol’s, D-chiro-inositol, myo-inositol, and pinitol, on hormonal and metabolic parameters in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of recent randomized clinical trials of inositol’s in PCOS. Methods: The systematic review was conducted using data obtained from randomized controlled trials performed to assess the effects of inositol’s compared with placebo (UMIN000025843). The primary outcomes included serum insulin, HOMA index, sex hormones, and ovulation rate. Results: Eight studies involving 577 patients were eligible for systematic review. The meta-analysis results showed that compared with the control group, inositol’s may improve fasting insulin (Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) −1.06, 95% CI −1.83 to −0.29, p = 0.007), area under the curve (AUC) of Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (insulin SMD −0.76, 95% CI −1.20 to −0.32, p = 0.0008; glucose SMD −0.55, 95% CI −0.88 to −0.17, p = 0.004), free testosterone (SMD −1.94, 95% CI −3.28 to −0.61, p = 0.004), sex hormone binding globulin (SMD 1.10, 95% CI 0.37 to 1.82, p = 0.004), and ovulation rate (Risk Ratio 1.42, 95% CI −1.00 to 2.02, p = 0.05). Conclusions: Inositols may be effective for PCOS by improving insulin resistance. Keywords: Inositol, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Systematic review, Meta-analysis
Polishing of CdTe, Cd(Zn)Te, Cd(Mn)Te Single Crystals by Iodine in Dimethylformamide
Authors: Ivanitska V.G. , Fochuk P.M.
Published: June 2022

The process of chemical-mechanical polishing of  CdTe, Cd0,9Zn0,1Te and Cd0.95Mn0.05Te surface by etchants, based on solutions of the I2-dimethylformamide system, has been studied. Ethylene glycol and lactic acid were used as modifying components. The dependences of chemical-mechanical polishing rates on the content of ethylene glycol and lactic acid in the composition of the basic solution have been studied. The technological stability of the developed etchants has been determined. Qualitative characteristics of the surface are established by atomic force microscopy and non-contact profilographic analysis. Based on the obtained results, the compositions of etching solutions and technological modes of chemical-mechanical treatment of CdTe, Cd0,9Zn0,1Te and Cd0.95Mn0.05Te single crystals were optimized. Etchants modified with an organic component are promising for use in the semiconductor materials technology in the case when the main goal is to obtain high-quality, clean from contaminants and impurities, structurally perfect surface.
Field Emission from the Perspective Cathodes on the Nanostructured SiC base: a New Approach for the Field Enhancement Coefficient Consideration
Authors: Gariachko А.М. , Korzh D.О. , Slobodianiuk D.V. , Strikha M.V.
Published: June 2022

A new comprehensive theory for the field emission from the nanostructured semiconducting SiC was build with allowance for specially worked out analytical model of the field enhancement coefficient for the case of comparatively “smooth” protrusions, described by the curve of Lorenzian type. For the purpose of this analytical model verification the direct numerical computation of the field enhancement coefficient for the mentioned protrusions was carried through solving of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation using the finite elements method.   The obtained numerical estimations confirm the perspectives of these cathodes. For the “sharp” protrusions with the height greater than the half-width, the emission current of 1 mA order can be harvested from one square cm for the fields ~3×108 V/m. The advantage of the nanostructured cathodes of SiC base being proposed is the simplicity of their fabrication.
Influencia de la cuarentena por COVID-19 en la investigación en biodiversidad y conservación durante el 2020 - el caso peruano
Authors: Tori Martha , Fernández-Hilario Robin , Maldonado Fonkén Mónica , Wong Sato Akira A.
Published: June 2022

La cuarentena fue la medida tomada por el estado peruano para enfrentar a la pandemia causada por el COVID- 19. Esta significó un retraso para casi todos los sectores, incluyendo el sector académico. Este estudio analiza las consecuencias de esta medida en el trabajo de los investigadores científicos del Perú durante el 2020, enfocándose en aquellos que trabajan en biodiversidad y conservación. Se realizó una encuesta durante los meses de julio y agosto de 2020 que fue respondida por 111 investigadores. Los resultados de la encuesta muestran que el área más afectada fue la investigación en campo por las evidentes restricciones, y el grupo más afectado fue el de las investigadoras quienes presentaron los porcentajes más altos de insatisfacción, tanto en su vida laboral como en su estado emocional. Esta investigación da a conocer la realidad del Perú, con una inversión históricamente baja en investigación y donde, con la situación económica y laboral provocada por la pandemia, el trabajo de muchos investigadores se vio restringido. Consideramos que la réplica de esta investigación en otros países de Latinoamérica podría ser de ayuda para futuras políticas a favor del trabajo científico en los países y regionalmente.
Digestibilidad aparente de materia seca, proteína y carbohidratos de la dieta con ensilado biológico de harina de maíz en Cryphiops (C.) caementarius
Authors: Baltodano Tapia Jean , Olivares Narcizo Erick , Reyes Avalos Walter
Published: June 2022

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la digestibilidad aparente de la materia seca, proteína y carbohidratos de la dieta con ensilado biológico de harina de maíz en Cryphiops (C.) caementarius. Camarones adultos (4.50 a 7.20 cm de longitud total), se colectaron del río Pativilca (Lima, Perú) y en laboratorio se mantuvieron en recipientes individuales instalados dentro de seis acuarios (cuatro camarones por acuario). La dieta control fue sin ensilado y para la dieta experimental se reemplazó el 75% de la harina de maíz por el ensilado biológico de harina de maíz; ambas dietas tuvieron 1% de óxido crómico como marcador inerte. Los camarones fueron alimentados dos veces por día (40% a las 08:00 h y 60% a las 18:00 h) con el 6% del peso húmedo, durante 10 días. Para la colección de heces, los camarones fueron trasladados a un sistema de caja cribada (12 compartimentos) instalada dentro de un acuario. La digestibilidad aparente se determinó en base seca. Los camarones alimentados con la dieta con ensilado biológico de harina de maíz tuvieron altos coeficientes de digestibilidad aparente de carbohidratos (95.69%), proteína cruda (80.02%) y materia seca (76.19%), que aquellos alimentados con la dieta sin ensilado (p<0.05) que fue de 93.48, 78.21 y 74.36%, respectivamente. Los camarones adultos digieren con eficiencia los carbohidratos de la dieta con ensilado biológico de harina de maíz, en vez de la proteína de dicha dieta.
Adsorbuotų biomolekulių tyrimas naudojant naujus Raman sklaidą stiprinančius paviršius
Authors:   , Aleknavičienė Indrė
Published: June 2022

Investigation of adsorbed biomolecules using new Raman scattering-enhancing substrates
Bibliographic review of postoperative redislocation in Latarjet and Eden Hybinette surgeries in epileptic patients with anterior shoulder instability
Authors: De La Espriella Andres , Mckinley Estefania
Published: June 2022

Anterior shoulder instability associated with significant glenoid bone loss is an important pathology in patients suffering from epilepsy. There are different surgical options for these patients with variable outcomes regarding recurrence of instability. The objective of this bibliographic review is to examine the available literature on postoperative redislocation using the Eden-Hybinette and Latarjet techniques in these patients. A search for the terminology was performed in PubMed. Between the two surgical techniques, higher recurrence rates are reported in Latarjet, which may be associated with conjoined tendon avulsions in the bone graft during seizures. More complications (osteoarthritis, bone graft fractures, and surgical re-intervention) also occurred in Latarjet versus Eden Hybinette. Possibly, the iliac crest graft surgical approach may be more beneficial for the treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder instability in epileptic patients. Future research is necessary in this topic to establish whether the Eden Hybinette technique is the best therapeutic choice for these patients.
Mestizaje en la Provincia de Costa Rica: el caso de Esparza
Authors: Acuña León María de los Ángeles
Published: June 2022

La ciudad de Esparza, fundada en 1574, fue la sede administrativa de la zona comprendida entre los ríos Tárcoles y Tempisque. En esta región vivieron españoles, indígenas, negros, mestizos y mulatos. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar cómo se desarrolló el proceso del mestizaje en el siglo XVIII y determinar cómo evolucionó la población de origen mixto y cuál fue la especificidad de las relaciones interétnicas en esta zona. Por tal razón, se analizan las variables de legitimidad, ilegitimidad, endogamia y exogamia, a partir de la sistematización y procesamiento de los datos obtenidos de las fuentes. Los registros parroquiales, junto a recuentos de población y otra documentación judicial, económica y eclesiástica, constituyen las fuentes principales para la elaboración de este artículo, el cual contribuye al conocimiento sobre la dinámica del mestizaje, en esta población específica de la Provincia de Costa Rica.
El pensamiento de Ernesto Cardenal y Martín Baró: revolución social y compromiso político de dos teólogos de la liberación
Authors: Barrientos Valverde Jorge
Published: June 2022

En el contexto convulso de la Guerra Fría existía a lo interno de la Iglesia Católica, al menos desde los años sesenta, serios fraccionamientos entre sectores religiosos. Entre agrupaciones conservadoras y movimientos más progresistas se dieron serias tensiones políticas. Dentro de este último movimiento se desarrolló un movimiento denominado la Teología de la Liberación, en respuesta a los sectores más elitistas, racistas y clasistas del catolicismo hegemónico. Ernesto Cardenal y Martín Baró fueron seguidores y representantes de este movimiento. El presente artículo desarrolla un estudio de algunas de las ideas principales de estos dos activistas sociales y representantes de la Iglesia Católica, para comprender mejor el mundo de sus subjetividades, sus análisis de la sociedad centroamericana y las propuestas que planteaban para resolver los problemas más serios que enfrentábamos durante la década de los ochenta a partir de la aplicación de un análisis comparativo.
Casa de Idiomas de la Sede del Sur de la Universidad de Costa Rica: una mirada a su población participante
Authors: Montero Núñez Emilio
Published: June 2022

Este artículo busca brindar un acercamiento a la población participante del proyecto ED3314 Casa de Idiomas de la Sede del Sur de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Lo anterior, para dar a conocer un poco del trabajo que desde el proyecto se realiza y, a la vez, resaltar la importancia de conocer a la población que forma parte de este, así como destacar el rol del aprendizaje de idiomas extranjeros como herramienta para el mejoramiento de las condiciones laborales, académicas y sociales. Parte de estos resultados fueron presentados en las Primeras Jornadas de Acción Social de la Sede del Sur celebradas en noviembre del 2021 bajo la modalidad de ponencia. Se concluye que este proyecto es, sin lugar a dudas, una herramienta importante para el mejoramiento de las condiciones laborales, académicas y sociales, actuales y futuras de las personas habitantes de la Región Brunca, particularmente, de los cantones de Golfito y Corredores.
Guía de nombramiento del personal docente: un aporte de mejora de gestión en la Sede del Sur de la Universidad de Costa Rica
Authors: Lezcano Calderón Yendry
Published: June 2022

La Sede del Sur ha desarrollado la “Guía de Nombramiento del Personal Docente” con la intención de corregir observaciones realizadas por la Contraloría Universitaria encaminadas a mejorar la gestión de nombramientos docentes. Aunque la Universidad de Costa Rica ha tenido la formación y capacitación docente como política universitaria, las acciones se han desarrollado sobre todo posterior al nombramiento del personal docente. Por lo tanto, este artículo describe la experiencia de elaboración e implementación de este instrumento o guía, así como los apartados que orientan el proceso de contratación del personal docente en estricto seguimiento de la normativa institucional y brindando una familiarización con el contexto en que se desarrollará profesionalmente antes de iniciar la relación laboral.