bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A heurística do medo, muito além da precaução
Authors: Abramovay Ricardo
Published: April 2016

Por mais que o avanço da ciência e da tecnologia esteja na raiz de vitórias decisivas na luta por melhores condições sociais, é impossível não reconhecer a ameaça crescente que o conhecimento e suas aplicações práticas representam não só para as sociedades humanas, mas para a vida em seu conjunto. A capacidade humana de intervir sobre a natureza é hoje muito maior que a possibilidade de prever com um mínimo de segurança os resultados dessa intervenção. Para Hans Jonas esse contraste só pode ser abordado com base numa exigência ética que ele sintetiza no Princípio Responsabilidade, e que se apoia na heurística do medo. Baseado numa abordagem crítica do dualismo que marca a cultura ocidental e separa matéria e espírito, corpo e mente, natureza e sociedade, Hans Jonas rejeita a ideia de que uma organização social voltada explicitamente à satisfação das necessidades humanas (e não ao lucro) suprima a exigência de uma reflexão específica sobre as ameaças vindas da expansão autônoma da ciência e da tecnologia. Este trabalho, além de expor as bases do dualismo estudado por Jonas, procura mostrar que suas preocupações não são contempladas pela eventual adoção do princípio da precaução e mostra, ao final, duas áreas (biologia e geoengenharia) em que a aplicação de sua filosofia da tecnologia pode ser especialmente relevante.
Jorge de Lima poeta em movimento (Do "menino impossível" ao Livro de sonetos)
Authors: Bosi Alfredo
Published: April 2016

O ensaio visa percorrer o itinerário poético de Jorge de Lima desde a publicação do poema "O mundo do menino impossível" até o Livro de sonetos. Após a passagem do estilo acadêmico-parnasiano para a linguagem modernista Jorge de Lima voltou-se para a evocação da paisagem social de sua província natal, Alagoas. Nos anos 1930 escreveu poemas afro-nordestinos reunidos, mais tarde, nos Poemas negros. A partir da sua conversão ao catolicismo, sob a influência do pintor Ismael Nery, a sua poesia é abertamente bíblica e cristã começando com Tempo e eternidade composto em parceria com Murilo Mendes. Túnica inconsútil e Anunciação e encontro com Mira-Celi aprofundam a sua tendência mística. O Livro de sonetos exprime, em formas clássicas, uma imaginação surrealista. A compreensão do dinamismo das imagens é um dos motivos condutores do ensaio.
O tempo no meio da noite:1 uma análise do tempo de Benjy e de Quentin em O som e a fúria de William Faulkner
Authors: Querido Alessandra Matias
Published: April 2016

A impressão de que o tempo flui no meio da noite é constante ao lermos O som e a fúria de William Faulkner, principalmente nos dois primeiros capítulos. O primeiro apresenta o ponto de vista de um deficiente mental, Benjy Compson, o qual não tem noção de tempo e narra passado e presente simultaneamente, o que leva o leitor a se sentir no escuro. O segundo apresenta a narrativa do ponto de vista de Quentin Compson, personagem que vive na escuridão do passado em um pessimismo que beira o niilismo. Com base nos conceitos de simultaneidade do filósofo Henri Bergson e de niilismo de Friedrich Nietzsche, discutiremos a questão do tempo para Faulkner.
Marco Civil da Internet: uma lei sem conteúdo normativo
Authors: Tomasevicius Filho Eduardo
Published: April 2016

A Lei n.12.965, de 23 de abril de 2014, promulgou o denominado Marco Civil da Internet, com o intuito de estabelecer princípios, garantias, direitos e deveres para os usuários de internet no Brasil. Embora se tenha comemorado sua aprovação, por supostamente as demais normas jurídicas vigentes no Brasil - como a Constituição Federal, o Código Civil e o Código Penal - não terem aplicação nas relações sociais entabuladas pela internet, essa lei apresenta poucas inovações e muitas insuficiências e deficiências de cunho jurídico. Somando-se a esse fato a impossibilidade jurídica de regulação de uma rede mundial de computadores por meio de lei de um único país, os problemas gerados pela internet continuarão a afetar a privacidade, honra e imagem das pessoas, ao mesmo tempo em que conquistas, como a da neutralidade da rede, terão pouco impacto na vida das pessoas.
Severity of malocclusion in adolescents: populational-based study in the north of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Silveira Marise Fagundes , Freire Rafael Silveira , Nepomuceno Marcela Oliveira , Martins Andrea Maria Eleutério de Barros Lima , Marcopito Luiz Francisco
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To identify the factors associated with severity of malocclusion in a population of adolescents. METHODS In this cross-sectional population-based study, the sample size (n = 761) was calculated considering a prevalence of malocclusion of 50.0%, with a 95% confidence level and a 5.0% precision level. The study adopted correction for the effect of delineation (deff = 2), and a 20.0% increase to offset losses and refusals. Multistage probability cluster sampling was adopted. Trained and calibrated professionals performed the intraoral examinations and interviews in households. The dependent variable (severity of malocclusion) was assessed using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). The independent variables were grouped into five blocks: demographic characteristics, socioeconomic condition, use of dental services, health-related behavior and oral health subjective conditions. The ordinal logistic regression model was used to identify the factors associated with severity of malocclusion. RESULTS We interviewed and examined 736 adolescents (91.5% response rate), 69.9% of whom showed no abnormalities or slight malocclusion. Defined malocclusion was observed in 17.8% of the adolescents, being severe or very severe in 12.6%, with pressing or essential need of orthodontic treatment. The probabilities of greater severity of malocclusion were higher among adolescents who self-reported as black, indigenous, pardo or yellow, with lower per capita income, having harmful oral habits, negative perception of their appearance and perception of social relationship affected by oral health. CONCLUSIONS Severe or very severe malocclusion was more prevalent among socially disadvantaged adolescents, with reported harmful habits and perception of compromised esthetics and social relationships. Given that malocclusion can interfere with the self-esteem of adolescents, it is essential to improve public policy for the inclusion of orthodontic treatment among health care provided to this segment of the population, particularly among those of lower socioeconomic status.
Health self-assessment by hemodialysis patients in the Brazilian Unified Health System
Authors: Moreira Tiago Ricardo , Giatti Luana , Cesar Cibele Comini , Andrade Eli Iola Gurgel , Acurcio Francisco de Assis , Cherchiglia Mariângela Leal
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To examine whether the level of complexity of the services structure and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients in hemodialysis are associated with the prevalence of poor health self-assessment. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated 1,621 patients with chronic terminal kidney disease on hemodialysis accompanied in 81 dialysis services in the Brazilian Unified Health System in 2007. Sampling was performed by conglomerate in two stages and a structured questionnaire was applied to participants. Multilevel multiple logistic regression was used for data analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of poor health self-assessment was of 54.5%, and in multivariable analysis it was associated with the following variables: increasing age (OR = 1.02; 95%CI 1.01–1.02), separated or divorced marital status (OR = 0.62; 95%CI 0.34–0.88), having 12 years or more of study (OR = 0.51; 95%CI 0.37–0.71), spending more than 60 minutes in commuting between home and the dialysis service (OR = 1.80; 95%CI 1.29–2.51), having three or more self-referred diseases (OR = 2.20; 95%CI 1.33–3.62), and reporting some (OR = 2.17; 95%CI 1.66–2.84) or a lot of (OR = 2.74; 95%CI 2.04–3.68) trouble falling asleep. Individuals in treatment in dialysis services with the highest level of complexity in the structure presented less chance of performing a self-assessment of their health as bad (OR = 0.59; 95%CI 0.42–0.84). CONCLUSIONS We showed poor health self-assessment is associated with age, years of formal education, marital status, home commuting time to the dialysis service, number of self-referred diseases, report of trouble sleeping, and also with the level of complexity of the structure of health services. Acknowledging these factors can contribute to the development of strategies to improve the health of patients in hemodialysis in the Brazilian Unified Health System.
A Longitudinal Study of the Attitudes of Early Childhood Preservice Teachers towards Mathematics
Authors: AYDIN Serhat , COŞTU Serkan
Published: April 2016

As in many countries, early childhood teachers introduce mathematics content in kindergartens in Turkey. Therefore, early childhood teachers should master a certain level of mathematics knowledge and are offered a mathematics methods course in faculties of education. Teacher training programs are also expected to improve early childhood preservice teachers (PSTs) attitudes towards mathematics (ATM). In this context, it seems important to investigate whether and how much early childhood PSTs’ attitude towards mathematics changed throughout their university lives. Our study was conducted with a sampling of 43 participants studying at a state university in the north of Turkey, in the Black Sea Region. The data was collected from early childhood PSTs using the same attitude scale in their 1st and 3rd years of study. The quantitative analysis of the data in SPSS 22 using t-test for paired samples demonstrated that the early childhood PSTs’ attitudes towards mathematics have improved from the 1st to the 3rd year. In our sampling, one-way ANOVA and t-test for independent samples revealed that the ATM of the early childhood PSTs were not associated with variables such as gender, the type of completed high school, total family income, and parents’ level of education. Based on the findings, it was concluded that the mathematics methods course offered to early childhood PSTs in their 2nd year might be effective in improving the attitudes towards mathematics.
The Nursing Care And Education Plan For A Child With Epidermolysis Bullosa (A Case Report)
Authors: Karaca Çiftçi Esra , Kahraman Selma
Published: April 2016

EB is a chronic disease, some types of which may have morbidity and mortality. That is why the patients must receive multidisciplinary care in case any complications arise. Families must be informed about the disease, about home care and receive genetic counselling. The importance of genetic counselling cannot be stressed enough, since both M.C. and his younger brother were diagnosed with EB. If the family had received genetic counselling, this tragic situation could have been prevented. Home care education for the families of EB patients is also of great importance. Relatives of the patient must also be educated about wound care, infection control, patient nutrition and physical treatment. They must also be educated about how to use the medications and about bandaging, dressing, Vaseline bandages, antiseptics, bathing procedures, and the use of antibiotic cream ointment. It was obvious, therefore, that the nursing care given at home enhanced both the patient’s and the family’s quality of life.
¿Cómo Perciben las Competencias Básicas los Docentes? Estudio Cualitativo sobre su Incorporación como Herramienta de Aprendizaje
Authors: Hortiguela Alcala David , Pérez Pueyo Ángel , Abella García Víctor
Published: April 2016

Actually, it’s so important to articulate procedures that enable to analyze real work made in schools on Key Competences (KKCC). The aim of this study it was studied the perception management teams and teachers of Physical Education (PE) about this curricular element. The sample used in the research covers all the secondary schools in the capital of Burgos (Spain), a total of thirty. It was studied, using the descriptive analysis of a series of questionnaires completed by teachers, the assessment made them on the use of KKCC as an element of learning by the student. It has also conducted a single case study as a participant observer during a school year in a representative sample center, in order to examine in detail in the daily contribution to competencies. Participating teachers, despite favorable consideration to the integration of KKCC in the classroom, demonstrate a lack of information by the public administration, resulting in a lack of teacher training in regard to the possible application tools the classroom.
Graduate Students’ Construction of Researcher Identities Explored Through Discourse Analysis
Authors: Davis C. Amelia , Lester Jessica N.
Published: April 2016

While many research methods courses challenge students to make sense of their own researcher identities as they relate to research paradigms and perspectives, there is a lack of research that examines how students actually go about constructing theses identities, particularly at the level of discourse. In this study, we attended to graduate students’ talk in an introductory research methods course, taking note of how students used particular discursive resources to construct a research identity in online classroom discussions. We analyzed 93 discussion posts students were asked to make in response to a discussion board prompt after completing assigned readings related to research paradigms and researcher identity. We identified two discursive patterns through our analysis: 1) minimizing knowledge, and 2) justifying paradigmatic orientations. Our findings highlight how being asked to talk about one’s research identity is a potentially fragile task, as evidenced by disclaimers of ‘knowing’, and one that evokes justifications and connections to students’ everyday lives. We highlight implications for the teaching of research methodology, particularly qualitative methods courses.
Across gender. Work situations of Rural Women in the South of Spain
Authors: Suárez-Ortega Magdalena
Published: April 2016

Even though undeniable social changes such as gender discrimination have occurred, the forms of access to public education and employment, as well as the conditions under which these jobs are carried out, are often loaded with sexist biases.Using the biographical-narrative method and a combination of techniques and strategies for gathering and analysing information, the current paper presents an empirical longitudinal study examining the labour situation of rural women who participate in different employment -professional and guidance- training activities. The women´s perceptions and interpretations of their training and professional situations wereanalysed, as well as their opportunities related to finding a job when they completed their education. Additionally, this study examined the extent to which the public services for employment training were adequate andfunctionalfor women regarding whether these services achieved their anticipated aims.We concluded gender inequalities on the employment situation of women, and the importance of implementing urgent measures to fight against the employment crisis from an equality way.
Energias Renováveis e Segurança Hídrica:
Authors: Souza Luiz Enrique Vieira de , Ferreira Leila da Costa
Published: April 2016

Os fenômenos associados Ã s mudanças climáticas, com os prognósticos de crescimento econômico e aumento populacional, tendem a agravar a escassez de água que afeta a quase totalidade dos países do Norte da África e do Oriente Médio. Com base em uma análise crítica do relatório “ACQUA-CSP”, discutiremos as iniciativas destinadas a mitigar o estresse hídrico nessas regiões, com especial ênfase para os processos de dessalinização da água do mar. O argumento principal consistirá em apontar o uso da energia termossolar enquanto estratégia sustentável para o aumento do fornecimento de água, uma vez que as usinas de dessalinização atualmente operantes funcionam com base no uso de combustíveis fósseis. A conclusão salientará que para uma gestão exitosa dos recursos hídricos, as soluções de engenharia e infraestrutura devem ser orientadas por instituições democráticas capazes de mediar os conflitos pela alocação dos recursos hídricos.
Problema do Pós-consumo do Coco no Brasil:
Authors: Martins Adriana Pacheco , Sanches Regina Aparecida , Silva Pedro Luiz Rodrigues da , Borelli Camilla , Watanabe Toshiko , Marcicano João Paulo Pereira
Published: April 2016

Esta revisão explora problema do pós-consumo do coco verde no Brasil. Inicialmente foi feita uma investigação sobre os aspectos gerais da indústria do coco e de seus derivados. A origem da geração dos subprodutos do coco e as consequências de tal indústria para a gestão rural e urbana também foram apontados. Em seguida, foram pesquisados artigos e relatórios científicos para conferir as propriedades e as possíveis aplicações dos subprodutos de coco. Para complementar, foram apresentadas diferentes visões sobre o conceito teórico do desenvolvimento sustentável aplicado ao design de produtos. Como resultado, a literatura cobre uma variada gama de aplicações para os subprodutos do coco em engenharia, entretanto, carece de pesquisas na área de gestão e logística da cadeia do coco. Conclui-se que os conceitos de sustentabilidade devem ser interpretados de forma ampla e objetiva em pesquisas futuras a fim de viabilizar o consumo e o pós-consumo sustentável da fruta.
Educação Ambiental e Divulgação Científica para Crianças:
Authors: Rogatto Lidia
Published: April 2016

Em um mundo de incertezas e de impactos ambientais alarmantes, não é raro que uma parcela das promessas para um desenvolvimento sustentável se dirija Ã s crianças e adolescentes desta geração. São eles, afinal, que sentirão mais intensamente as consequências das decisões econômicas, sociais e ambientais que atualmente estão sendo tomadas, ou evitadas. Eles que precisam ser equipados com valores, conhecimento e habilidades necessários para repensar os padrões atuais de degradação (DAVIS, 1998, p.142) e possibilitar um futuro baseado na resiliência.
Como escrever (e publicar) artigos científicos em inglês e não morrer tentando
Authors: Burgos Delgado Andrés
Published: April 2016

“O sucesso na publicação de papers é o principal indicador de desempenho científico. No entanto, os estudantes raramente recebem qualquer formação em escrita científica. A única maneira que eles têm de aprender sobre os principais componentes de um artigo e como os trabalhos científicos estão organizados é por intuição, opção que pode ser ineficaz e/ou ineficiente; ou por tentativa e erro, estratégia que pode desperdiçar muito tempo e ferir sua confiança [...] O desafio de produzir artigos bem escritos é especialmente difícil para os falantes não-nativos de inglês, que representam a maioria dos cientistas de todo o mundo.”

 

Howard S. Becker. Truques da escrita. Para começar e terminar teses, livros e artigos. SãoPaulo: Zahar, 2014. 253 p. Tradução de Denise Bottmann; revisão de Karina Kuschnir. ISBN978-85-378-1394-2
Panorama da contabilização de emissões de gases de efeito estufa do setor industrial brasileiro
Authors: Mistage-Henríquez Oscar , Bilotta Patrícia
Published: April 2016

A Política Nacional sobre Mudanças do Clima (PNMC) estabelece a necessidade de monitoramento, relato e verificação de emissões de gases de efeito estufa (GEE) no setor industrial brasileiro. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o panorama da contabilização de inventários de emissões de GEE de indústrias de transformação, quanto Ã  participação voluntária das empresas no cumprimento da meta estabelecida pela PNMC. Foram utilizados os registros de inventários no programa GHG Protocol Brasil e no programa internacional Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) entre 2008 e 2014. Os resultados mostraram que as indústrias de transformação representam 25,1% das empresas que participaram do GHG Protocol e 22,3% do CDP, em 2014. O registro de inventários de indústrias de transformação no Brasil cresce em média 15% ao ano e a extrapolação dessa informação revela que a meta de emissões de GEE reportadas no registro público brasileiro poderá ser alcançada em 2020.
Sustainability in Higher Education for the Global South:
Authors: Purushothaman Seema , Ravi Chitra , Nagendra Harini , Mathai Manu , Mundoli Seema , Joseph Gladwin , Barna Stefi , Nawn Nandan , Golapan Radha , Bursztyn Marcel , Padmanabhan Martina , Duncan Sally , DeFries Ruth S
Published: April 2016

A workshop on ‘Sustainability in Higher Education from the vantage of the Global South’was organized by the Azim Premji University between 12 and 14 January 2015 inBengaluru, India. Its goal was to explore how sustainability can be integrated into undergraduate,postgraduate and professional courses. The workshop was divided intofour sessions with interlinked themes ”“ the first, with a focus on framing sustainability;the second, on integrating sustainability in higher education; the third, on sustainabilitycurricula; and the last, on pedagogy for sustainability. All four sessions were informedby the broader educational goal of enabling students from diverse backgrounds toenvision, conceptualise, research and implement sustainability in varied personal andprofessional contexts. Participants of the workshop drew upon their varied experiences,from India and institutions across the world, in the teaching and learning of the multidimensionalconcept of sustainability in diverse geographies. The questions, counterquestions,discussions and potential solutions raised during the workshop are presentedin this paper in a dialogic style.
Compósitos a partir de materiais de fontes renováveis como alternativa para o desenvolvimento de produtos
Authors: Calegari Eliana Paula , Oliveira Branca Freitas de
Published: April 2016

A preocupação ambiental tem gerado interesse na pesquisa de novos materiais que estejam alinhados com os princípios da sustentabilidade. Entre esses materiais, atualmente, encontram-se os compósitos produzidos a partir de recursos de fontes renováveis. Este artigo apresenta os resultados de um estudo de caso acerca de produtos em que são empregados os referidos compósitos. Realizou-se uma pesquisa na rede mundial de computadores usando a ferramenta de buscas google sobre produtos fabricados com esses compósitos e comparou-se com produtos fabricados a partir de materiais usualmente utilizados na indústria, tais como polímeros, metais e cerâmicas. Constatou-se que os compósitos feitos a partir de fontes renováveis estão sendo, principalmente, aplicados em embalagens, na produção de ferramentas para jardinagem e vasos para plantas. Dessa forma, observou-se que os referidos compósitos podem substituir materiais comumente empregados na indústria atendendo aos requisitos funcionais e estéticos demandados na confecção desses produtos.
Avaliação das metodologias de compensação ambiental utilizadas no licenciamento ambiental de cinco estados brasileiros
Authors: Fonseca Alberto , Leite Frederico
Published: April 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as abordagens de cálculo da compensação ambiental para a criação e manutenção de unidades de conservação nos estados do Amazonas, Bahia, Mato Grosso do Sul, Paraná e Rio de Janeiro. O estudo seguiu uma abordagem qualitativa e descritiva de investigação. Os dados foram coletados por meio de análises da literatura e da legislação ambiental estadual. Foi identificado que as abordagens estaduais refletem a abordagem federal, pois ambas consideram o percentual do Grau de Impacto e o Valor de Referência como variáveis de cálculo da compensação ambiental. As metodologias estaduais, todavia, especificam mais detalhadamente os componentes que devem ser considerados na análise dos impactos, sendo, potencialmente, mais precisas no sentido de identificar impactos significativos. Nenhuma das metodologias parece ser capaz de identificar impactos mitigáveis e recuperáveis, levando a um cálculo de compensação que conflita com os modelos de matriz de avaliação de impacto utilizados no licenciamento ambiental. O artigo conclui sugerindo estudos futuros.
EMDR With Sex Offenders: Using Offense Drivers to Guide Conceptualization and Treatment
Authors: Ricci Ronald J. , Clayton Cheryl A.
Published: April 2016

Evidence shows that sexual offenders have higher levels of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) than either the general population or other criminal populations. Historically, it was considered standard practice for sex offender therapists to dissuade their clients from addressing childhood trauma or adversity for fear of excuse making for his offending. The pathways model, which highlights etiology, made room for trauma treatment for offender’s ACE as a legitimate treatment intervention. The adaptive information processing model inherent in eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) trauma therapy is theorized to reorganize the maladaptively stored clustering of cognitions and emotions related to overwhelming or traumatic experiences such as childhood sexual abuse. We suggest EMDR therapy as a means of restructuring distorted implicit cognitions and personal vulnerability factors which are theorized to drive offending behavior. Through a comprehensive literature review, the authors considered 5 extant models in the sex offender literature and developed theoffense driversmodel. This model is designed to guide and inform EMDR therapy with sex offenders. A case example illustrates the implementation of this treatment process. A checklist ofoffense driversis provided to assist in case conceptualization and treatment.
Eye Movements Matter, But Why? Psychophysiological Correlates of EMDR Therapy to Treat Trauma in Timor-Leste
Authors: Schubert Sarah J. , Lee Christopher W. , Drummond Peter D.
Published: April 2016

This preliminary study examined the physiological correlates of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy when effectively used to treat trauma symptoms in a postconflict, developing nation, Timor-Leste. Participants were 20 Timorese adults with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms treated with EMDR therapy. PTSD, depression, and anxiety decreased significantly after an average of 4.15 (SD= 2.06) sessions. Continuous measures of heart rate, skin conductance, and respiration were collected during the first and last desensitization sessions. Physiological activity decreased in EMDR desensitization sessions, and eye movement sets were associated with an immediate significant decrease in heart rate and an increase in skin conductance, consistent with an orienting response. This response habituated within and across eye movement sets. These findings suggest that effective EMDR therapy is associated with de-arousal within sessions and that eye movement sets are associated with distinct physiological changes that may aid memory processing. The findings offer insight into the working mechanisms of EMDR when used to treat PTSD symptoms in a real-world, cross-cultural, postwar/conflict setting.
Effect of Healing Time on New Bone Formation After Tooth Extraction and Ridge Preservation With Demineralized Freeze‐Dried Bone Allograft: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Whetman Jeremiah , Mealey Brian L.
Published: April 2016

Background: Clinicians and patients continually search for procedures to decrease time from tooth extraction to restoration. Evidence to date is limited concerning timing of ridge preservation healing and reentry for implant placement. The first objective of this study is to histologically evaluate new bone formation 8 to 10 weeks versus 18 to 20 weeks after extraction of non‐molar teeth and ridge preservation using demineralized freeze‐dried bone allograft (DFDBA). The second objective is to compare dimensional changes including ridge width and height at the two healing time points.

Methods: Forty‐four patients had tooth extraction and ridge preservation with DFDBA that was obtained from a single donor. Clinical measurements were made to evaluate ridge height and width. Patients were randomly allocated to short‐term (8 to 10 weeks) and long‐term (18 to 20 weeks) healing groups. Sites were reentered at the appropriate healing time, core biopsy was obtained, and a dental implant was placed. The same ridge dimensions were measured at time of implant placement. Histomorphometric analysis was performed to determine percentage of new vital bone formation, residual graft, and connective tissue (CT)/other.

Results: A significantly higher percentage (47.41%) of new vital bone formation was found in the long‐term healing group compared with the short‐term healing group (32.63%) (P = 0.01). There was no significant difference in percentage of residual graft, percentage of CT/other, or ridge dimensional changes.

Conclusion: This study indicates significantly greater new vital bone formation occurs after tooth extraction and ridge preservation with DFDBA when sites healed for 18 to 20 weeks compared with 8 to 10 weeks prior to dental implant placement.
Patrones de las nuevas sociologías (NNSS) del cambio de milenio
Authors: Peris Pascual María Dolores
Published: April 2016

El nuevo y el viejo mundo se escinden de nuevo, y no lo hace ya un mar con una única superficie plana navegable en los sentidos opuestos de variados rumbos, sino un espacio que ala bipolaridad y pluridireccionalidad añade la multidimensionalidad y una infinita continuidad de niveles. En una semántica cabalística, el paso del segundo al tercer milenio ha supuesto el paso del pensamiento social bidimensional al tridimensional, del pensamiento cartesiano-lineal al pensamiento en red y se puede decir que la Sociología entra de lleno en el modelo científico de Einstein, superados los estadios de Aristóteles y de Newton, en un camino paralelo a toda construcción científica, apareciendo como una disciplina multiparadigmática cuyo pluralismo se ha sistematizado en las grandes síntesis del final del milenio aparecidas bajo la común denominación de Nuevas Sociologías (NNSS). Síntesis que también alcanza a la propia teoría sociológica (Turner 2001) y que ha establecido las comparaciones con las que se instaura definitivamente el enfoque científico (Chase-Dunn, Hall y Tilly 1997; Kluver 2000). Se puede por tanto afirmar que la Sociología ha superado la crisis y primeras fases revolucionarias y de criticismo, entrando en el milenio con el status epistemológico de Nueva Ciencia Normal, según el modelo kuhniano de evolución científica (Kuhn, 1962).
Calidad en las urgencias hospitalarias. Opinión y satisfacción de los pacientes
Authors: Bleda José Mª
Published: April 2016

Uno de los objetivos generales que pretende alcanzar el Complejo Hospitalario y Universitario de Albacete es mejorar la calidad asistencial que se presta en el mismo. Para poder lograrlo, entre otras actuaciones, se considera que conocer la opinión y el grado de satisfacción de los usuarios es necesario. Este estudio pretendía valorar la opinión y el grado de satisfacción de los pacientes atendidos en el Servicio de Urgencias del Hospital General de Albacete, con la finalidad de mejorar la calidad y obtener una visión más global del tipo de atención que se está efectuando desde el mismo. El objetivo principal de la investigación era conocer qué pensaban los usuarios del Servicio de Urgencias sobre diferentes aspectos tales como: admisión, tiempo de espera, asistencia sanitaria, trato humano recibido, el entorno ambiental, y medir, a la vez, el grado de satisfacción respecto a ellos. Para ello hemos procurado ver las actitudes de los enfermos, las circunstancias de su llegada al servicio, el grupo que le introduce, que le atiende y se ocupa de él (de sus papeles, de su asistencia, de su intimidad), su patología, los testimonios de los enfermos o de los familiares (reclamaciones, sugerencias), así como su perfil socioeconómico y su nivel de satisfacción o insatisfacción.
Net Present Value as an instrument to simplificate the decision making process in health technologies economic evaluation
Authors: Beume Tânia Maria
Published: April 2016

Objectives: The study aims to highlight the Present Value (PV) as a financial analysis tool which could simplify the decision making process of introducing health technologies. The financial evaluation can be extended as necessary, including outcomes and utility. As a model, the instrument was applied to the economic analysis of a robotic-assisted surgery equipment acquisition at José de Alencar Gomes da Silva National Cancer Institute (INCA – Ministry of Health – Brazil). Methods: The economic analysis of a robotic-assisted surgery equipment acquisition in an institute for oncology using the PV. Quantitative data was simulated to allow the development of an economic model, considering prostatectomy as a basis. The PV was calculated using MS EXCEL®. The results allowed us to formulate the goals of a Budget Impact Analysis (BIA) or other health economics evaluation within the process of public choice in a Beveridge model health care system. Results: The PV in this model was positive. Data collection and processing was simple and extrinsic macroeconomics variables, such as inflation and change, were important to reflect their impact to the budget. Cost information reflected the local market. A negative PV provided information on the financial resource amount to introduce technology by justified use. Conclusions: The PV has proved to be a useful and robust instrument to evaluate financial risks, especially those related to the introduction of a recent technology. This financial perspective as performed helped to set the goals of a societal perspective in a unified health care system through the health economics evaluation.
Surface energy balance algorithm for land-based consumption water use of different land use-cover types in arid-semiarid regions
Authors: Mahmoud Shereif H. , Alazba A. A.
Published: April 2016

Spatiotemporal distributions of water consumption for various land use-cover types over the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia were estimated using Surface Energy Balance Algorithm. Water consumption of various land use and cover classes shows similar seasonal dynamic trends. The spatial distribution of annual actual evapotranspiration (AET) shows low values in the Empty Quarter (231–438 mm/yr), and moderate values in the Eastern Province borders (439–731 mm/yr). Very high AET values were observed in irrigated croplands in the Northern plains, Hafar Al-Batin, the central coastal lowlands, and the southern coastal lowlands, where annual AET ranged from 732 to 1,790 mm/yr, representing the majority of the study area agricultural land. Evaporative behavior of land use-cover types indicated that irrigated cropland, which occupies 0.37% of the study area, has an average daily AET ranging from 9.2 mm/day in January to a maximum value in April (30 mm/day). Average annual water use by irrigated cropland is relatively very high and it is roughly 1,786.9 mm/yr, while water bodies, which cover 0.023% (121.2 km2) of the study area, also had relatively high mean AET (660.8 mm/yr). Overall, AET rates for irrigated cropland are much higher than for other land uses.
Métaphore du cadre
Authors: Bivort Philippe
Published: April 2016

En s’inspirant d’une métaphore, le cadre dans l’œuvre d’art, l’auteur propose de faire quelques liens qui conduisent à penser le cadre dans l’institution. Il se réfère également à sa pratique de superviseur auprès des équipes afin de rendre cette notion de cadre concrète.
Organisations et désorganisation dans les pratiques cliniques en « Point Écoute »
Authors: Louchard Chardon Christine , Morhain Yves , Morhain Émilie
Published: April 2016

Les auteurs questionnent la pertinence des mutations institutionnelles en regard du mal-être des adolescents et des familles accueillis en « Point Ecoute ». Ils montrent en quoi, dans un contexte de passages à l’acte, une approche visant à la constitution d’espaces contenants et conteneurs est plus que nécessaire. Ils mettent en évidence ce que les nouvelles formes d’organisations et de management, établis sur le modèle appelé de « l’auberge espagnole », ont comme effet désorganisateur dans les pratiques cliniques.
Visites médiatisées en institution et jeux de société : des éléments du processus thérapeutique ?
Authors: Cailleau Françoise , Lefèbvre Véronique
Published: April 2016

Les visites médiatisées sont un dispositif mis en place dans certaines institutions lorsque parents et enfants n’ont pas le droit d’avoir des contacts sans la présence d’un tiers. Cet article propose de resituer le cadre théorique dans lequel se déploient ces visites en s’attachant aux spécificités de celles-ci, à savoir les prescriptions formelles et la fonction à contenir. Dans la situation clinique que nous présentons, nous avons travaillé avec l’hypothèse selon laquelle cette fonction à contenir permet l’émergence des éprouvés et leur mise en sens favorise la relance des capacités de jeu. Ainsi, en prêtant notre appareil à penser mais aussi et surtout notre capacité à jouer, nous avons assisté, chez les enfants et le parent, à l’apparition de nouveaux repères quant à leurs états internes et à leurs modalités de relations aux objets externes.
À la rencontre des adolescents auteurs de violences sexuelles accueillis dans un dispositif de soin spécifique
Authors: Smaniotto Barbara , Réveillaud Marie
Published: April 2016

Les auteurs proposent de discuter des enjeux de la rencontre avec l’adolescent auteur de violences sexuelles engagés dans un dispositif de soin groupal spécifique (« Conduite Accompagné »). Cette rencontre se décline en trois temps. Le premier renvoie aux entretiens préliminaires, qui amènent l’adolescent à quitter son statut de « délinquant » pour accéder à celui de patient. Le second temps signe la rencontre avec les pairs dans le groupe et l’ouverture à l’intersubjectivité. Enfin, le troisième temps s’apparente, grâce au travail thérapeutique, à une rencontre avec soi-même. Ainsi ce dispositif et la triple rencontre qu’il convoque mobilisent les ressources de ces adolescents, leur permettant une meilleure compréhension d’eux-mêmes et de leurs actes, en tant que Sujet.
Inégalités d’accès à l’emploi selon l’origine immigrée et réseaux de relations : que nous enseignent les recherches récentes ?
Authors: Valat Emmanuel
Published: April 2016

De nombreux travaux, à la fois théoriques et empiriques, se sont récemment penchés sur le rôle des réseaux de relations sur le marché du travail. Plusieurs d’entre eux soulignent que l’accès à l’emploi par le biais des relations varie, parfois de façon importante, selon l’origine étrangère des travailleurs. Les différences d’utilisation et d’efficacité des réseaux de relations selon l’origine des travailleurs sont à la fois liées à la variation des caractéristiques sociodémographiques des individus de chaque groupe, aux comportements des employeurs et des employés transmettant les offres ainsi qu’à certains facteurs contextuels. Nous proposons une revue de littérature des principaux résultats des recherches récentes. Lorsque cela est possible, nous illustrons nos propos à partir des données inédites de l’enquête française Trajectoire et Origines (2008).
Will Joe the plumber envy Bill Gates? The impact of unflattering social comparisons on individual satisfaction and behaviour
Authors: Celse Jérémy
Published: April 2016

Dans cet article, nous étudions au travers d’une expérience en laboratoire l’impact des comparaisons sociales défavorables sur la satisfaction individuelle et le comportement des individus. Cet article est centré sur les préférences interdépendantes négatives et examine si ces dernières sont responsables des comportements de destruction entrepris par les individus. Les participants à l’expérience sont appariés de manière aléatoire et reçoivent une dotation. Ensuite les participants doivent indiquer leur niveau de satisfaction après avoir été informé de leur propre dotation et après avoir été informé de la dotation de leur opposant. Enfin les participants peuvent choisir de réduire la dotation de leur opposant moyennant un coût. Nous observons que : (1) la majorité des participants indiquent expriment des préférences interdépendantes négatives en apprenant la dotation plus élevée de leur opposant ; (2) en dépit du fait que la majorité des actions de destruction sont entreprises par des individus exprimant des préférences interdépendantes négatives, ces dernières ne permettent pas de prédire les actions de destruction ; (3) la différence entre les dotations mesurée en termes absolus affecte la satisfaction des participants alors que la différence relative module des décisions de destruction entreprises par les participants.
Crise de la zone euro, asymétries et politiques budgétaires
Authors: Duwicquet Vincent , Mazier Jacques
Published: April 2016

Dans une union monétaire, comme la zone euro, les ajustements face à des évolutions asymétriques sont plus difficiles en raison de la fixité des taux de change intraeuropéens, comme l’illustre la crise actuelle des pays de l’Europe du Sud. Une démarche s’appuyant sur un modèle « stock flux cohérent » (SFC) à deux pays de taille asymétrique en Union monétaire, s’inspirant des travaux de Godley et Lavoie [2007], est proposée. A l’aide de ce modèle, nous simulons une perte de compétitivité dans le sud de la zone. 5 variantes sont analysées : restriction budgétaire dans le sud, expansion budgétaire dans le sud, expansion budgétaire dans le nord, expansion budgétaire dans l’ensemble de la zone et expansion budgétaire dans l’ensemble de la zone avec intervention de la banque centrale européenne (bce). Plusieurs résultats se dégagent et illustrent les mécanismes à l’œuvre dans la crise des pays du Sud de l’Europe. La mise en place d’une politique budgétaire restrictive au sud permet de réduire la dette publique et le niveau des taux d’intérêt mais au prix d’une croissance plus faible. L’effet d’une politique de relance par la demande au sud s’avère efficace sur la croissance à court terme mais présente l’inconvénient à moyen terme d’augmenter fortement les taux d’intérêt plongeant l’économie dans la récession. Afin d’éviter l’explosion des taux dans les pays du sud sans mettre en péril la croissance, seule une politique de relance au nord permet à la fois de relancer la production et de réduire les déséquilibres intra-zone euro. Enfin, une politique de relance dans l’ensemble de la zone est efficace sur la croissance tout en limitant la hausse des taux d’intérêt à condition que la bce devienne moins indépendante des États.
Un marché sans marchandise ? Répugnance et matching market
Authors: Brisset Nicolas
Published: April 2016

Cet article a pour ambition de donner un corps théorique à la notion de répugnance de marché . Cette dernière a été mobilisée par Alvin Roth dans l’optique de comprendre la résistance, pour certains types de biens, vis-à-vis du marché, obligeant l’économiste ingénieur à élaborer des systèmes d’appariement alternatifs. On étudiera le cas des résistances sociales vis-à-vis des marchés aux organes, afin de dégager les composantes de la répugnance. Après avoir présenté les différents arguments en défaveur du marché, on identifiera trois composantes importantes à la répugnance : le marquage social des biens, l’importance des types de populations engagées dans l’échange, et l’éloignement vis-à-vis de la légitimité de l’ordre marchand, lorsque la rémunération devient incitation.
Une analyse difficile du désendettement des ménages
Authors: Babeau André
Published: April 2016

Dans la zone euro, il n’y a pas eu au sens propre, au lendemain de la crise, de désendettement des ménages, ni absolu, ni relatif, puisque, non seulement leur passif (crédits au logement et à la consommation) a continué de croître entre 2006 et 2012, mais cette croissance a encore été supérieure à celle de leur revenu disponible (2,48 % par an contre 1,8 %). Toutefois, il y a bien eu un très fort freinage de la croissance de ce passif dû à une brutale diminution du recours au crédit (le crédit à la consommation a été plus touché que le crédit au logement), cependant que les remboursements (qu’il a fallu calculer puisqu’ils ne figurent pas dans les comptes nationaux) ont manifesté, comme il était prévisible, davantage d’inertie. S’agissant de l’influence de ce freinage sur l’ensemble de l’activité et, en particulier, sur la consommation et les placements financiers des ménages, il est indispensable, comme nous avons tenté de le faire ici pour la France, de distinguer les remboursements d’emprunts financés par l’ouverture de nouveaux crédits de ceux financés par l’épargne des ménages.
Quelle sera la nouvelle norme de politiques monétaire et macroprudentielle ?
Authors: Mullineux Andrew W. , Chatelain Jean-Bernard , Direr Alexis
Published: April 2016

Cet article rend compte d’une table ronde du colloque du GDRE monnaie, banque, finance, qui a eu lieu à Nice en juin 2015. Le débat portait sur la nouvelle norme de politiques monétaire et macroprudentielle, après une hausse des taux directeurs au-dessus de leur borne zéro et une réduction du montant des actifs détenus par les banques centrales. En plus du comité de politique monétaire, la Banque d’Angleterre dispose d’un comité de politique financière qui a pris des premières mesures pour réduire le risque financier. Les instruments de la politique macroprudentielle, leurs effets, leur utilisation optimale et leur coordination avec les instruments de politiques monétaire et budgétaire font l’objet d’exploration en cours. En ce qui concerne la politique microprudentielle, le mécanisme de supervision unique de la zone euro se met en place. Des simulations de résistance à des crises financières ont été conduites pour la première fois dans ce cadre. L’accumulation de données permettra d’améliorer ces résultats, avec néanmoins le problème non traité du risque dans le secteur bancaire parallèle.
Aides publiques aux énergies éolienne et photovoltaïque
Authors: Percebois Jacques
Published: April 2016

Plusieurs mécanismes sont utilisés en Europe pour promouvoir le développement rapide des énergies renouvelables comme l’éolien et le solaire photovoltaïque : prix d’achat garantis, primes, appels d’offre. Ces aides sont coûteuses pour le consommateur et elles ont engendré des effets pervers sur le fonctionnement des marchés spot de l’électricité (prix négatifs). Des réformes sont nécessaires et l’une des solutions est d’encourager l’autoconsommation de l’énergie produite (pour le solaire notamment). Mais cela requiert une réforme des tarifs d’accès aux réseaux de distribution de l’électricité.
Improving MSMEs access to external financing in Low Income Countries: Is there a role for Development Cooperation?
Authors: Dayé Modeste , Houssa Romain , Reding Paul
Published: April 2016

Cet article présente les facteurs clés caractérisant l’accès des entreprises au financement externe. Une analyse de données d’entreprises montre que les micro, petites et moyennes entreprises (MPMEs) font face à davantage de contraintes de financement dans les pays en développement que leurs paires dans les pays riches. Pour atténuer ces contraintes dans les pays pauvres, nous insistons sur le rôle de catalyseur que doit jouer la coopération au développement. Nous attirons, toutefois, l’attention sur la question cruciale de l’évaluation de l’efficacité de ces interventions. Classification JEL : G23, O16, Y10
Émigration, capital humain et développement : enseignements des recherches récentes menées à l’IRES
Authors: Docquier Frédéric
Published: April 2016

Cet article offre une synthèse des résultats des recherches menées à l’IRES au cours de ces dix dernières années sur les liens entre l’émigration qualifiée, l’accumulation de capital humain et la croissance économique des pays en développement. Il débute par une analyse de la distribution des taux d’émigration au début du XXI e  siècle et de ses déterminants. Il discute ensuite les effets ambigus que cette fuite des cerveaux exerce sur les pays d’origine. Enfin, il livre des projections migratoires pour le XXI e  siècle, qui suggèrent que cette thématique restera une thématique majeure dans les décennies à venir. Classification JEL : F22, J24, O15