bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A gastrointestinalis traktusból migrált, lenyelt idegen testek esetei
Authors: Balázs Ákos , Vass Tamás , Tárnoki Dávid , Baranyai Zsolt
Published: October 2019

Abstract:

Migration of swallowed foreign bodies from the gastrointestinal tract is a rare phenomenon compared with the total number of ingestions. In the reported two cases, the serious septic condition indicated urgent surgical intervention. We found a piece of wire swallowed a few months earlier in the right lobe of the liver and the retroperitoneum in case one, and a piece of wire in the pericardium, which migrated from the stomach through the left lobe of the liver, in case two. Abscesses and phlegmonae were found in the retroperitoneum and then in the femoral region requiring a reoperation in case one, and in the liver and pericardium in case two. After the evacuation of abscesses, both patients made full recovery. Diagnostic difficulties and therapeutic challenges served the reasons to present these cases. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(42): 1677–1681.
First record of Epicadus trituberculatus (Taczanowski, 1872) (Araneae, Thomisidae, Stephanopinae) in the Brazilian Northeast
Authors: Sobczak Jober Fernando , Villanueva-Bonilla German Antonio , Maia Larissa da Silva Antonia , Silva Moura Sobczak Jullyana Cristina Magalhães , Machado Miguel
Published: October 2019

We present the first record of Epicadus trituberculatus (Taczanowski, 1872) from the Northeast Region of Brazil. The new record is based on six specimens observed in two areas of montane semi-deciduous tropical forest located in two municipalities: Guaramiranga and Pacatuba, Ceará state, Brazil. Of the six specimens observed we collected manually only three to preserve as voucher material. In Brazil, E. trituberculatus has a wide distribution range, which extends from the Atlantic Forest, Amazon, and Cerrado biomes and the Pampa ecoregion. With the new record there are currently six known species of Epicadus in northeastern Brazil.
A high-strength lightweight concrete made using straw
Authors: Kammoun Zied , Trabelsi Abderraouf
Published: October 2019

This experimental work aims to develop an eco-lightweight concrete with excellent mechanical and thermophysical properties using straw. Thus, this paper considers the use of a formulation of an ultrahigh-performance concrete based on dune sand, with the introduction of up to 20 kg/m3of straw. The study investigates the mechanical and thermophysical properties of the obtained high-strength lightweight concrete and examines the effects of the straw length. The results show that, depending on the amount of straw used, a decrease of up to 33% of density and 60% of thermal conductivity is noted. Moreover, despite increasing the straw content, which reduces the mechanical strength of the concrete, interesting strength values are noted; for instance, values varying from 42 to 59 MPa in compressive strength and from 3·2 to 5·3 MPa in flexural strength for 2 cm of straw length are obtained.
Thematic Model of City Newspapers of Megalopolises (Сontent-Analytical Study)
Authors: Svitich Luisa , Smirnova Olga , Shiryayeva Alla , Shkondin Mikhail
Published: October 2019

The article presents the results of a comparative content-analytical sociological study of city newspapers of thirteen million-strong cities in comparison to editions of six small and four medium-sized towns of Russia. The research, conducted by Faculty of Journalism of Lomonosov Moscow State University in 2013-2017, shows that thematic models of these city newspapers issued in different localities along with common features also have essential distinctions. In megalopolis newspapers, in general, the thematic field is very wide, though editorial offices do not pay equal attention to different subjects. Two thematic disproportions were found in the content of newspapers of million-strong cities. The media picture that prevails in their content is generally concentrated on the sphere of leisure and consumption, hardly mentioning productive, professional life of citizens. The second disproportion is connected with the fact that the main attention is paid to social problems of everyday life, the habitat, infrastructure of big cities, but not the person, persons inner world, values, morals, psychology, and relationship with other people. Media of million-strong cities rather work in line with a commercial paradigm. The research has shown that the smaller the town is, the closer newspapers are to requirements and problems which concern inhabitants, they try to light the most important spheres of their life and more evenly distribute the attention to different aspects of activity of the readers, including history, traditions, national crafts. Newspapers of the medium-sized and small towns reflect objective needs of citizens; help to solve specific problems, to keep traditions and basic values.
Staining cells with IncuCyte Cytolight Rapid Dyes for flow cytometry or fluorescent microscopy v1
Authors: Gottschalk Elinor , Arman Aksoy Bulent , Aksoy Pinar , Czech Eric , Hammerbacher Jeff
Published: October 2019

This protocol is for labeling cells with IncuCyte Cytolight Rapid dyes from Essen Bioscience. We optimized the dye concentration for Jurkat cells, pmel-1 T cells, and B16F10 melanoma cells.
E. coli Colony PCR v1
Authors: Dusseldorf Igem
Published: October 2019

Ideally use at least two master mixes: 2 vector-specific primers (to determine insert size): 1 vector-specific + 1 gene-specific primer To safe resources one of them sould be enough. Is not as neat as it should be but functional. Use Vector + gene specific, because than you can be sure, that the gene is inserted in the right direction For genotyping of putative colonies Prepare a PCR master mix for 9 reactions, as follows: 1x Reaction (Volume; µL)9x Reactions (Volume; µL)Sterile MilliQ Water872Red Taq 2x Master Mix(1.5 mM MgCl2)1090F Primer (10 µM)19R Primer (10 µM)19Total Volume20180 Aliquot 20 µL of the master mix in the 8 tubes of a PCR strip. Transfer cells from a single colony (8 in total) using a sterile P2 pipette tip. Run thermocycler using the following program (extension for 1.5 kb insert): StepTemp (°C)Time (mm:ss)Purpose1953:00Initial Denaturation25 cycles of Steps 2 to 4:2950:20Denaturation3570:30Annealing4721:00Extension5725:00Final Extension64∞Storage Analyze bands on a 1% Agarose gel: (no amplification if Gene is missing or in wrong direction when using gene specific primer) (Smaller than expected band if no insert is present when using two vector specific primer)
DOI Testing v1
Authors: Li Desheng
Published: October 2019

Testing protocol abstract
Formation of gp37 LTF needle trimers-OmpC complex v1
Authors: Z. Islam Mohammad , Fokine Andrei , Mahalingam Marthandan , Zhang Zhihong , Garcia-Doval Carmela , J. van Raaij Mark , G. Rossmann Michael , Venigalla B. Rao and
Published: October 2019

Tailed bacteriophages (phages) are one of the most abundant life forms on Earth. They encode highly efficient molecular machines to infect bacteria, but the initial interactions between a phage and a bacterium that then lead to irreversible virus attachment and infection are poorly understood. This information is critically needed to engineer machines with novel host specificities in order to combat antibiotic resistance, a major threat to global health today. The tailed phage T4 encodes a specialized device for this purpose, the long tail fiber (LTF), which allows the virus to move on the bacterial surface and find a suitable site for infection. Consequently, the infection efficiency of phage T4 is one of the highest, reaching the theoretical value of 1. Although the atomic structure of the tip of the LTF has been determined, its functional architecture and how interactions with two structurally very different Escherichia coli receptor molecules, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and outer membrane protein C (OmpC), contribute to virus movement remained unknown. Here, by developing direct receptor binding assays, extensive mutational and biochemical analyses, and structural modeling, we discovered that the ball-shaped tip of the LTF, a trimer of gene product 37, consists of three sets of symmetrically alternating binding sites for LPS and/or OmpC. Our studies implicate reversible and dynamic interactions between these sites and the receptors. We speculate that the LTF might function as a “molecular pivot” allowing the virus to “walk” on the bacterium by adjusting the angle or position of interaction of the six LTFs attached to the six-fold symmetric baseplate.
ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARINA YÖNELİK “ÜSTBİLİŞSEL FARKINDALIK ÖLÇEĞİ”NİN GELİŞTİRİLMESİ
Authors: Fırat Durdukoca Şule , Arıbaş Sebahattin
Published: October 2019

Bu
araştırmanın amacı öğretmen adaylarının üstbilişsel farkındalık düzeylerini ölçmeyi
amaçlayan orijinal dilde ve kültürde hazırlanmış, geçerlik ve güvenirlik
çalışmaları yapılmış bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Araştırma tarama modeli
kullanılarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2011-2012
eğitim-öğretim yılı İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören
öğretmen adayları oluşturmaktadır. Ölçek geliştirme süreci; literatür taraması
yapma, madde havuzu oluşturma, kapsam ve yapı geçerliğini sağlama, iç
tutarlılık ve kararlılık açısından güvenirliği sağlama aşamalarından
oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın sonucunda; açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonuçlarına
göre ölçeğin 18 maddeden oluştuğu, bu maddelerin 3 faktör altında toplandığı ve
faktörlerin ölçek toplam varyansını %45.03’ünü açıkladığı belirlenmiştir.
Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonuçları ölçeğin 3 faktörlü yapısını doğrulamış, ölçek uyum değerlerinin “kabul edilebilir” ve “mükemmel uyum”
ölçüsünde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ölçeğin geneline yönelik Cronbach-Alpha
güvenirlik katsayısı ise .75 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Ölçeğin kararlılık
açısından güvenirliği test-tekrar test yöntemi ile belirlenmiş, dört haftalık
iki uygulama süreci sonunda öğretmen adaylarının her iki uygulamadaki ortalama
puanlarının birbirine yakın olduğu ve ölçek
alt boyutları arasındaki korelasyon katsayılarının da .70’den yüksek olduğu
tespit edilmiştir.Yapılan tüm analizler sonucunda
geliştirilen ölçeğin öğretmen adaylarının üstbilişsel farkındalık düzeylerini
ölçecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
TÜRKİYE’DE TASARRUF ve FİNANSAL OKURYAZARLIK ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Bozkurt Eda , Toktaş Yılmaz , Altıner Ali
Published: October 2019

Küreselleşmenin
sonuçlarından biri, finansal olarak ülkeler arasındaki ilişkilerin genişlemesi
ve işlem hacminin artmasıdır. Global finansal rekabete ayak uydurmak isteyen
ülkeler, mali konularla ilgili yenilikleri takip etmeli ve bu yenilikleri
ekonomilerine adapte etmelidirler. Dayanıklı finansal sistemlerin varlığı bu
sistemleri yeterli düzeyde tanıma ve anlama sürecinin iyi işlemesine bağlıdır.
Finansal konular yalnızca politika yapıcıları ya da ekonomistlerin değil
hanehalklarının da duyarlı olması gereken bir alandır. Sürdürülebilir iktisadi
büyüme yakalayan ülkelerin önemli özelliklerinden biri yurtiçi tasarruf
oranlarının yüksek olmasıdır. Tasarrufun parayı tanıma ve yönetme becerileriyle
ilişkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Tasarrufların
arttırılmasının finansal okuryazarlıkla ilgili olduğu görülmektedir. Hanehalkı
kaynaklı tasarrufların arttırılması Türkiye’de tasarruf bilinci ve tasarruf
yöntemlerini gündeme getirmektedir. Bu noktadan hareketle, çalışmada Türkiye’de
tasarruf ve finansal okuryazarlık düzeyini ölçmek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada
Atatürk Üniversitesi Açıköğretim Fakültesi öğrencilerine online anket metoduyla
sorular yöneltilmiştir. Böylelikle Türkiye’de tasarruf eğilimi, finansal
okuryazarlık düzeyi, finansal okuryazarlık bilincinin tasarruf davranışı üzerindeki
etkisi araştırılmıştır. Sonuçlar katılımcıların %68,5’inin tasarruf yaptığını
göstermektedir. Öte yandan katılımcıların %59,6’si finansal okuryazarlık
kavramını bilmediğini ifade etmiştir. Türkiye’de finansal okuryazarlık
kavramının bilinmediği ancak temel düzeyde finansal konularda bilgi sahibi
olunduğu söylenebilir.
PERSONEL GÜÇLENDİRMENİN İŞ TATMİNİNE ETKİSİ: YARDIMCI YARGI PERSONELİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Eskibina Yılmaz
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, personel güçlendirme
uygulamalarının yardımcı yargı personellerinin iş tatmini üzerindeki etkisini
ölçmektir. Bu amaçla, Düzce Adliyesi ve mülhakat adliyelerinde (Akçakoca ve
Yığılca) yardımcı yargı personelleri üzerinde bir araştırma yapılmıştır.
Veriler anket tekniği aracılığıyla toplanmış, sonuçlar SPPS aracılığıyla test
edilmiştir.

Personel güçlendirme anketinde yer alan 25 ifade;
Spreitzer (1995) güçlendirme ölçeği ve iş tatmini anketinde yer alan 15 ifade;
Schwepker (2001) iş tatmini ölçeği esas alınarak; Çavuş (2006), Şahin
(2007),  Pelit (2008), Allanazarov
(2009), Veranyurt (2009), Durmaz (2011) ve Somuncuoğlu (2013) yüksek lisans ve
doktora tezlerinden derlenmiştir. Yapılan faktör analizleri personel
güçlendirmeyi üçe, iş tatminini ise ikiye ayırmıştır. Çok yönlü regrasyon
analiziyle güçlendirme faktörlerinin iş tatmini faktörleri üzerindeki etkisi
ölçülmüştür. Yapılan analizler sonucunda davanışsal güçlendirme hariç, yapısal
ve psikolojik güçlendirmenin yardımcı yargı personelinin iş tatmini üzerinde
etkisi olduğu kanıtlanmıştır.
The Tenth Muse: Cinema
Authors: Winkler Martin M.
Published: October 2019

Na Antiguidade Clássica, as nove Musas eram as deusas patronas de todas as artes e ciências e a inspiração para as mentes criativas, especialmente a dos poetas. Com o desenvolvimento da tecnologia até hoje, seu reino se expandiu significativamente. Jean Cocteau, entre outros, adicionou uma décima Musa às nove originais: o cinema. Este artigo inspeciona vários filmes nos quais uma ou mais das Musas têm um papel representativo; e também homenageia as atrizes que as interpretam e as que podem ser vistas como suas parentes na tela.
Tradução e imitação: correspondências formal e funcional para o hexâmetro e o dístico elegíaco greco-latinos em língua portuguesa nos séculos XVI e XVII
Authors: Gonçalves Willamy Fernandes
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo examina como, a partir das primeiras influências do humanismo italiano, os autores portugueses traduziram e imitaram os gêneros antigos. Examina especificamente o modo como esses autores buscaram correspondentes métricos e estróficos portugueses para reproduzir aspectos formais ou funcionais dos metros antigos. Tendo como base os conceitos de correspondência funcional e formal apresentados por Britto (2016), compara os metros vernáculos aos antigos quanto à forma e aos contextos em que são utilizados. Conclui que o uso de correspondências funcionais foi predominante nesse período, apontando, entretanto, para o caráter relativo dessas duas formas de correspondência e para a dinâmica que subjaz ao processo de apropriação de formas estrangeiras.

correspondências métricas; hexâmetro; dístico elegíaco; metros portugueses; séculos XVI e XVII.

Keywords:
Melpômene, cantar e dançar tragicamente
Authors: Marshall Francisco
Published: October 2019

Resumo: Após a análise histórica e fenomenológica do fenômeno cultural Musas, a partir do mito grego representado em Homero e Hesíodo, examina-se a constituição das propriedades alegóricas e simbólicas da Musa Melpômene, e sua expressão nas iconografias antigas e modernas.
A ‘sense of entitlement’ encoded in English grammar
Authors: Wierzbicka Anna
Published: October 2019

Autorka zauważa, że język angielski ma konstrukcję, a być może nawet rodzinę konstrukcji gramatycznych, pozwalającą wyrażać specyficzne dla angielskiej kultury znaczenie „poczucia uprawnienia” („poczucie bycia uprawnionym do”). W zdaniach takich jak Can I have my apple and cheese, please? nośnikiem owego „poczucia uprawnienia” jest zaimek my ‘mój’. Aby opisać znaczenie tej konstrukcji w sposób zrozumiały nie tylko dla użytkowników języka angielskiego, ale także dla tych, których języki nie mają odpowiedników ang. słowa entitlement ‘uprawnienie’, zastosowany został Naturalny Metajęzyk Semantyczny. W intencji jego twórców, ten minijęzyk pozwala opisywać języki i kultury za pomocą wspólnych wszystkim językom, uniwersalnych i semantycznie prostych pojęć, które w tych językach mają wykładniki bądź w postaci słów, bądź w postaci elementów podobnych do słów.

„Poczucie uprawnienia” wyrażane jest wówczas, gdy dochodzi do zakłócenia codziennych rutynowych zachowań, do których mówiący jest przyzwyczajony, np. Would you leave me finish my breakfast? (‘Czy pozwolisz mi skończyć moje śniadanie?’). Zakłada, że każdy ma prawo do wykonywania rutynowych czynności, do których przywykł i które chce wykonywać. Zakres przeszkód, które uniemożliwiają mówiącemu robienie tego, co chce w danym momencie, nie został na tym etapie badań sprecyzowany. W przybliżeniu można go ująć formułą: „Nie mogę teraz robić czegoś, co zawsze robię w tej chwili; to jest złe; każdy może to wiedzieć”.

Znaczenie „poczucia uprawnienia” wiąże się z takimi słowami i wyrażeniami, jak mieć prawo, być uprawnionym, przestrzeń osobista, prywatność, naruszać/przeszkadzać/zakłócać, które wyrażają niektóre z głównych założeń i trosk współczesnej kultury anglojęzycznej. Szczególnie interesujący jest związek między „poczuciem uprawnienia” a sprawiedliwością, ponieważ oba pojęcia zakładają istnienie zasad i zgodę na ich przestrzeganie. Wydaje się, że w gramatyce angielskiej zakodowany jest konsensus co do tego, że wszyscy mają prawo do osobistej rutyny, na którą składają się czynności takie, jak między innymi jedzenie w określony sposób śniadania (my breakfast) czy obiadu (my dinner) albo czytanie gazety (my newspaper) i jest źle, kiedy procedury te są zakłócane przez inne osoby.
O różnych wariantach definicji leksykograficznej – od taksonomii do kognitywizmu
Authors: Niebrzegowska-Bartmińska Stanisława
Published: October 2019

Autorka dokonuje porównania sposobów eksplikowania pojęć przez Annę Wierzbicką i Jerzego Bartmińskiego. Wyodrębnia dwa warianty definicji maksymalnej – wariant rozbudowany o charakterze narracyjnej eksplikacji (Bartmiński) oraz wariant syntetyczny, zawierający skondensowane treści definicji pełnej (Wierzbicka, Bartmiński). Zestawia podobieństwa i różnice w podejściu do kwestii definiowania przez obydwoje badaczy. Podobieństwa łączy z realizacją postulatu pełnej analizy pojęcia i z odtwarzaniem w definicji wszystkich cech relewantnych językowo, kulturowo i komunikacyjnie, z fasetowym porządkowaniem zdań definiujących i z dbałością o „dowody językowe” dla powoływanych cech. Różnic upatruje w używanym języku, wykorzystywaniu podstaw materiałowych, podejściu do kwestii stabilizacji cech w definiensie oraz w ostatecznym – statycznym lub dynamicznym – kształcie zrekonstruowanego wyobrażenia.
Gramatykalizacja i leksykalizacja pojęć a językowy obraz świata. Szkic o ekwiwalencji kognitywnej
Authors: Filar Dorota Elżbieta , Łozowski Przemysław
Published: October 2019

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie roli elementów tradycyjnie określanych jako gramatyczne w badaniach nad językowym obrazem świata. Nawiązujemy przy tym do koncepcji lingwistycznych, które uznają gramatykę i leksykę języka za kontinuum struktur symbolicznych. Co istotne, przyjmujemy założenie o kluczowej roli ekwiwalencji kognitywnej, a w konsekwencji uznajemy konceptualizację gramatyczną (gramatykalizację) i konceptualizację leksykalną (leksykalizację) za dwa ekwiwalentne sposoby konceptualizacji językowej, czy też – dwa uzupełniające się zadania poznawcze. W części analitycznej artykułu próbujemy odnieść powyższe założenia bezpośrednio do paradygmatu JOS i zapytać o ten fragment językowego obrazu świata, który wyłania się z analizy różnych sposobów wyrażania zdarzeń przyszłych w języku angielskim, polskim oraz w kilku innych językach używanych na terenie Europy.
Negative pressure wound therapy as a „bridge” forthe final reconstruction of tissue defect following adegloving injury of the forearm – a case report
Authors: Ratnicka Izabela , Kondej Karolina , Jończyk Justyna , Graczyk Magdalena , Chrzanowska Barbara , Jankau Jerzy
Published: October 2019

Degloving injuries are traumatic avulsions usually resulting in large areas of soft tissue defects. The injury involves separation of skin and subcutaneous tissue from fascia and muscles. The complex nature of these injuries requires a patient-oriented multidisciplinary surgical approach and a wide variety of therapeutic options. Negative pressure wound therapy can be of benefit at every stage of the long-lasting treatment.

In this paper, we present a case of a 29-year-old male after an occupational accident with a conveyor belt leading to a degloving injury of the right forearm treated in the Department of Plastic Surgery of the Medical University in Gdańsk.

The use of NPWT, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, dermal regeneration templates, skin grafting, and early rehabilitation resulted in an excellent functional and aesthetic outcome.
ECONOMIC JUSTIFICATION OF THE APPLICATION OF THE AUTOMATIC REMOTE BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING
Authors: Oleynikov V. E. , Chizhova O. V. , Dzhazovskaya I. N. , Shigotarova Ekaterina A. , Salyamova L. I. , Tomashevskaya Yu. A. , Matrosova I. B.
Published: October 2019

Introduction. Among the priorities of the strategic development of the health care system there is the telemedicine technologies implementation. Material and methods. The project was developed in the Penza State University. For the economic justification of the remote BP monitoring, the project technological scheme has been prepared, the market capacity has been assessed and competition has been analyzed, the business model and financial model of the project have been developed, and risks have been evaluated. Results. The project is deployed at the base and with the participation of the budget medical institution. The patient is provided with a tonometer with built-in GSM or blutooth module. After the patient’s BP has been measured, the data in an encrypted format is transmitted to the remote monitoring center and stored in the cloud base. For each patient, the doctor sets target and individual thresholds for blood pressure. Intermediate monitoring of BP is carried out by paramedical personnel who, in case of deviations from reference values, notify the attending physician. The patient receives feedback in the form of SMS-messages to his mobile phone: time for BP measuring, taking drugs and recommendations for the therapy correction. Payment is carried out according to the approved Mandatory Medical Insurance Fund tariff. Conclusion. The introduction of remote blood pressure monitoring will reduce the cost of providing medical care by reducing the number of hypertension complications, open up prospects for research and development of medical professionals. Fundamentally new conditions will arise for the study of chronopharmacology of antihypertensive drugs in patients with hypertension.
Anxiety or Nervousness Disturbs the Progress of Birth Based on Human Behavioral Evolutionary Biology
Authors: Hishikawa Kenji , Kusaka Takeshi , Fukuda Takanori , Kohata Yutaka , Inoue Hiromi
Published: October 2019

In general, anxiety or nervousness in pregnant women increases the risk of dystocia. Pregnant women are easily susceptible to anxiousness or nervousness. To support a safe and healthy birthing process, childbirth educators, other health-care professionals, and pregnant women require an in-depth understanding about the disruptive effects of anxiety or nervousness on birth progress. Anxiety and nervousness are difficult to quantify and may be influenced by culture. Therefore, reports comparing anxiety or nervousness with dystocia must include various biases. It is difficult to find this issue by medical research. Here, we discuss links between anxiety or nervousness and disturbance in the progress of birth based on the adaptive standpoint of human behavioral evolutionary biology.
Electrosurgery Induced Femoral Stem Fracture in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Aepli Martin , Meier Christoph , Wahl Peter
Published: October 2019

Case:

We present a case of a broken titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-7Nb) femoral stem 4 years after revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) (head exchange M to XL for instability). Material analysis showed a superficial anomaly on the superior neck surface caused by local melting with an electrosurgical knife. This lesion presumably acted as a stress riser and was the initiation site of a fatigue fracture, with typical features on the fracture surface.

Conclusions:

The use of electrosurgical knives in stem retaining THA revision surgery should be avoided, especially for surgical dissection in close proximity to the femoral stem.
Dispanserization monitoring for HIV-infected patients in the Siberian Federal District in 2013–2017
Authors: Dovgopolyuk E. S. , Levakhina L. I. , Tyumentsev A. T. , Pasechnik O. A.
Published: October 2019

According to UNAIDS, 1.4 million people are living with HIV in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, 75% of them in Russia. International guidelines recommend regular clinical evaluation of HIV-infected patients, which is achieved through follow-up. Purpose of the study: to characterize the quality of follow-up observation of HIV patients in the Siberian Federal District for the five-year period from 2013 to 2017. Materials and methods. A retrospective descriptive-assessment epidemiological study for the period 2013–2017 was conducted in the Siberian Federal District, in which dispensary observation indicators were most affected by improving the epidemiological situation associated with the spread of HIV infection. Results. The HIV infection in the Siberian Federal District increased during the period under review by 62,4% and reached 1328,5 per 100 thousand population. The prevalence of HIV infection at the beginning of 2018 was 679.0 per 100 thousand population (with an average Russian indicator of 430,2). The SFO accounted for 20,7% of all HIV cases (n = 130 595), which were registered at specialized medical organizations in the Russian Federation. The coverage of HIVinfected patients with clinical observation reached the target value and amounted to 88,2%. The number of patients who were examined to determine the immune status and viral load increased almost 2 times. At the same time, the proportion of HIV-infected people receiving antiretroviral therapy was at the level of 39,8%, which is 4,2% lower than the target values. The proportion of patients surveyed for tuberculosis among those who underwent medical examination in 2017 remains at the level of 87,8%, which does not stabilize the incidence of tuberculosis infection. The number of HIV-infected patients with a diagnosis of active tuberculosis increased 1,4 times to 17 610 in 2017 (10,9% of the number of patients). Conclusion. In the context of the continuing increase in the incidence of HIV infection in the population and an increase in the number of patients in need of various types of medical care, additional measures are needed to improve the quality and effectiveness of follow-up observation of patients with HIV infection.
Calibrating Field-Scale Uncertainties to Local Data: Is the Learning Being Overgeneralized?
Authors: He Jincong , Reynolds Albert C. , Tanaka Shusei , Wen Xian-Huan , Kamath Jairam
Published: October 2019

A common pitfall in probabilistic history matching is omitting the local variation of spatial uncertainties and falsely generalizing the learning from local data to the entire field. This can lead to radical overestimation of uncertainty reduction and bad reservoir-management decisions. In this paper, we propose a methodology to quantify and correct for the error that arises from the omission of local variation in probabilistic history matching.

Most performance metrics in an oil field, such as the original oil in place (OOIP) and the estimated ultimate recovery (EUR), are field-scale objective functions that depend on properties (e.g., porosity) over the entire field. On the other hand, many measurement data from wells [e.g., bottomhole pressure (BHP)] are mainly sensitive to the reservoir properties near the locations where they are measured, and thus they are susceptible to local variations of reservoir properties. Calibrating field-scale objective functions to local well data without properly characterizing the local variation can overestimate the uncertainty reduction of field-scale objective functions. In this paper, we derived formulas to quantify errors in the posterior cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) of the objective functions resulting from the omission of local variation. We also provide a way to correct for the error and to recover the true posterior CDFs.

Through theoretical derivation, we show that the modeling error that arises from the omission of local variation is dependent on the magnitude of the global and local variations of the uncertain properties (e.g., porosity). The larger the local variation relative to the global variation, the larger the error in the estimated posterior distributions. The error also depends on the variogram of the local variation and the detection range of the data. The error is larger for cases with a long variogram for the local variation and a short data-detection range. In addition, the modeling errors for different measurement data points can be highly correlated even when the measurement errors for these data are independent. To correct for this modeling error, analytical and empirical formulas are proposed that have been shown to greatly improve the accuracy of the posterior distributions in a number of cases.

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the modeling error from the omission of local variation in the probabilistic history-matching process has been quantified and corrected. The methodology proposed could help improve the reliability of the result from probabilistic history matching.
Association between Toxoplasma gondii infection and thyroid dysfunction: a case-control seroprevalence study
Authors: Alvarado-Esqu Cosme , Ramos-Nevarez Agar , Guido-Arreola Carlos Alberto , Cerrillo-Soto Sandra Margarita , Pérez-Álamos Alma Rosa , Estrada-Martínez Sergio , Gutierrez-Martinez Verónica Dayali , Sifuentes-Alvarez Antonio , Ramírez-Valles Eda Guadalupe , Contreras-Cisneros Edith
Published: October 2019

Background: The association between Toxoplasma gondii infection and thyroid disease has been poorly studied. Therefore, we sought to determine the association between T. gondii seropositivity and thyroid dysfunction.
Methods: We performed an age- and gender-matched case-control study of 176 patients suffering from hypothyroidism (n=161) or hyperthyroidism (n=15) and 528 control subjects without these diseases in a public hospital in Durango City, Mexico. Anti- Toxoplasma IgG antibodies were determined in sera from cases and controls using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunoassay.
Results: Anti- T. gondii IgG antibodies were found in 11 (6.3%) of 176 patients suffering from thyroid dysfunction and in 48 (9.1%) of 528 control subjects (OR=0.66; 95% CI: 0.33-1.31; P =0.23). Stratification by two groups of age (50 years and younger, and 51 year and older) showed that the youngest group of patients with thyroid dysfunction had a significantly lower seroprevalence of T. gondii infection than its age- and gender-matched control group (1/83: 1.2% vs 23/257: 8.6%; OR=0.12; 95% CI: 0.01-0.93; P =0.01). This stratification also showed that the youngest group of patients with hypothyroidism had a significantly lower seroprevalence of T. gondii infection than its age- and gender matched control group (0/75: 0% vs 21/233: 9.0%; P =0.003).
Conclusions: Our results suggest that thyroid dysfunction is not associated with seropositivity to T. gondii in general; however, in young (50 years or less) patients, a negative association between infection and thyroid dysfunction and hypothyroidism was found. Further research to confirm this negative association is needed.
Legal and Policy Requirements of Basic Health Insurance Package to Achieve Universal Health Coverage in a developing country
Authors: Hayati Ramin , Kabir Mohammad Javad , Kavosi Zahra , Bastani Peivand , Sobhani Ghasem , nasab Hamide Javadi
Published: October 2019

Objectives: This study has analyzed the policy-making requirements related to basic health insurance package at the national level with a systematic view. Results: All the documents presented since the enactment of universal health insurance in Iran from 1994 to 2017 were included applying Scott method for assuring meaningfulness, authenticity, credibility and representativeness. Then, content analysis was conducted applying MAXQDA10. The legal and policy requirements related to basic health insurance package were summarized into 3 main themes and 11 subthemes. The main themes include three kinds of requirements at three level of Third party insurer, Health care provider and Citizen/population that contains 5 (financing insurance package, organizational structure, tariffing and purchasing the benefit packages and integration of policies and precedents), 4 (determining the necessities, provision of services, rules relating to implementation and covered services) and 2 (expanded coverage of population and insurance premiums) sub themes respectively. According to the results, Iranian policy makers should notice three axes of third party insurers, health providers and population of the country to prepare an appropriate basic benefit package based on local needs for all the people that can access with no financial barriers in order to be sure of achieving UHC.
Analgosedation during flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy: Comparing the clinical effectiveness and safety of remifentanil versus midazolam/propofol
Authors: Lee Hyun , Choe Yeong Hun , Park Seung Yong
Published: October 2019

Background: There are limited data regarding the efficacy and safety of remifentanil sedation for diagnostic bronchoscopy.
Methods: A retrospective study of 186 patients who underwent diagnostic bronchoscopy at Chonbuk National University Hospital was performed. Patients were classified into the remifentanil group and midazolam/propofol group according to the drugs used during bronchoscopy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of remifentanil by comparing it with those of the conventional drugs, midazolam and propofol. Results: Of the 186 patients, 111 patients received remifentanil and 75 received midazolam/propofol during the bronchoscopy. The proportion of patients who required bronchoscopy for endobronchial inspection alone was significantly higher in the midazolam/propofol group than in the remifentanil group (93.3% vs. 71.2%; p < 0.001). In contrast, the proportion of patients who required more invasive procedures, such as bronchoscopic biopsy, bronchoalveolar lavage, or transbronchial lung biopsy, was significantly higher in the remifentanil group than in the midazolam/propofol group (27.8% vs. 6.7%; p < 0.001). The recovery time was significantly shorter in the remifentanil group than in the midazolam/propofol group (mean 6.4 min vs. 11.6 min, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the groups with regard to safety events including desaturation, hypotension, and arrhythmia.
Conclusions: Despite the higher proportion of patients who underwent more invasive procedures in the remifentanil group than in the midazolam/propofol group, there was no significant difference in safety events between the groups. Those in the remifentanil group also demonstrated a faster recovery time than those in the midazolam/propofol group.
Is radiographic lumbar spondylolisthesis associated with occupational exposures? Findings From A Nested Case Control Study Within The Wakayama Spine Study
Authors: Ishimoto Yuyu , Cooper Cyrus , Ntani Georgia , Yamada Hiroshi , Hashizume Hiroshi , Nagata Keiji , Muraki Shigeyuki , Tanaka Sakae , Yoshida Munehito , Yoshimura Noriko , Walker-Bone Karen
Published: October 2019

Background: To explore the relationship between radiographic spondylolisthesis and occupational factors in a case-control study nested within the Wakayama Spine Study (WSS).
Methods: The WSS is a cross-sectional observational study amongst Japanese adults. All participants completed a lifetime occupational history and underwent X-rays of the lumbar spine (L1-S1) according to a pre-defined protocol. One trained surgeon graded the presence of a spondylolisthesis based upon ≥5% anterior or posterior slip at one or more levels. Cases, with lumbar spondylolisthesis, were compared with controls without, for their principal occupation and occupational exposures.
Results: In total, data were available for 722 adults (245 men and 477 women), mean age 70.1 (range 53-93) years. According to the pre-defined radiographic criteria, 117 were defined with spondylolisthesis (cases), leaving 605 controls. Cases were not significantly different from controls for age, gender, BMI, smoking or alcohol intake. However, cases were more than twice as likely to report occupational driving ≥ 4 hours/day (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.08-5.27) after adjustment for age, gender and BMI. Additionally, after stratification by age using 75 years as a cut-point, cases were more than 3-fold more likely to report having worked in the agricultural/ fishing industries (OR 3.47, 95% CI 1.29-9.29) among those aged <75 years. A reduced risk of being a case was associated with climbing slopes/steps and walking.
Conclusions: A history of occupational driving and working in the agricultural/fishing industry were associated with radiographic spondylolisthesis in this cross-sectional population study. This finding requires further evaluation in longitudinal studies.
The association between fecal enterotoxigenic B. fragilis with colorectal cancer
Authors: Haghi Fakhri , Goli Elshan , Mirzaei Bahman , Zeighami Habib
Published: October 2019

Background

Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) is an enterotoxin-producing bacterium that possibily has a role in the occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) by modulating the mucosal immune response and inducing epithelial cell changes. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of ETBF in stool samples of CRC patients and healthy volunteers.Methods

A total of 60 stool samples from confirmed CRC patients and 60 stool samples from healthy volunteers with no personal or familial history or diagnosis of colorectal disease were collected. Stool samples were screened for direct detection of B. fragilis using PCR targeting the marker genes of neu and bft. Enterotoxin isotypes bft-1, bft-2 and bft-3 were also detected in B. fragilis positive samples.Results

The frequency of B. fragilis among CRC and control cases was 58.3% and 26.6%, respectively (P<0.05). The rate of bft gene in CRC cases was significantly higher than in controls (P<0.05). Also, the presence of bf t gene in CRC patients stage III was significantly higher than stages I and II (P< 0.05). Enterotoxin isotype bft-2 was detected with higher frequency among CRC patients than healthy control (P<0.05).Conclusion

Our results show the association between fecal ETBF and CRC, and we suggest that detection of ETBF may be a potential marker for colorectal cancer diagnosis. However, additional investigations on tumor and paired normal tissue samples are required to substantiate this possible correlation.
Vitamin D recommendations in nutritional guidelines: A systematic quality evaluation using AGREE-2 and analysis of potential predictors
Authors: Navarro David Fraile , López-García-Franco Alberto , Niño-de-Guzmán Ena , Pardo-Hernandez Hector , Aybar Carlos Canelo , Kuindersma Jesse , Saladich Ignasi Gich , Alonso-Coello Pablo
Published: October 2019

Background
Vitamin D has been widely promoted for bone health through supplementation and fortification of the general population. However, there is growing evidence that does not support these strategies. Our aim is to review the quality and recommendations on vitamin D nutritional and clinical practice guidelines and explore predictive factors for their direction and strength.
Methods
We searched Medline, TRIP, G-I-N and guidelines.gov databases for guidelines from January 2010 to January 2018. We performed a descriptive analysis, a quality appraisal using AGREE II scores (Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation) and a bivariate analysis evaluating the association between direction and strength of recommendations, three AGREE II domains’ scores (Rigor of development, Applicability and Editorial Independence) and pre-specified characteristics.

Results
We included 24 guidelines in our review. Nine recommended supplementation, eight suggested its use, and seven did not recommend it. The mean score for “Rigor of development” domain was 40.1%. For the “Applicability” domain 34.5% and 39.6% for “Editorial independence” domain. The majority of guidelines did not reach and overall of 60% on these independent scores to be considered high quality. Guidelines with higher scores in these domains were less likely to recommend or suggest vitamin D supplementation (64% recommending against vs 29% suggesting for, and 27% recommending for; p=0.002, 52% vs 26% and 25%; p=0.003, 61% vs 35% and 24%; p=0.001, respectively). Guidelines with potential conflicts of interest were more likely to recommend or suggest vitamin D supplementation (likelihood ratio: p=0.018).

Conclusions
Policymakers, clinicians and patients should be aware that lower quality guidelines, and those reporting conflicts of interest are more likely to promote vitamin D supplementation. Guideline organizations should improve the quality of their recommendations’ development and the management of conflicts of interest. Users and editors should be aware of these findings when using and appraising guidelines.
The Impact of the donor-recipient gender matching on the graft survival from live donors
Authors: Naderi Gholamhossein , Azadfar Amin , Yahyazadeh Seyed Reza , Khatami Fatemeh , Aghamir Seyed Mohammad Kazem
Published: October 2019

Background: Several factors like age of recipient, BMI, serum cratinnine , and positive history of dialysis are important in predicting graft survival in kidney transplant recipients. One factor that can affect transplant outcomes and is usually ignored is the gender of donor and recipients.
Methods: A total of 1113 kidney transplant recipients were studied in a retrospective cohort study. Several factors were taken into account for graft survival and outcomes like gender and age of donor and recipients in addition to common recipient factors like cratinnine , eGFR, BMI, and positive history of dialysis.
Results: The most successful transplant based on donor-recipient gender was seen in male donor to male recipient and then male donor to female recipient. In female transplant recipients, level of serum cratinnine , and eGFR, positive dialysis history before transplant, and low donor hemoglobin level can be good prognostic factors recommended to be considered for kidney transplant survival.
Conclusions: Our results suggested that gender matching for kidney transplant. Only on some exceptional occasions, male donor to female recipient kidney transplant may be successful and female donors to male recipients are not suggested, especially in aged patients with history of dialysis.
Dual-energy Spectral CT Quantitative Parameters for the Differentiation of Glioma Recurrence from Treatment-Related Changes: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Lv Yanchun , Zhou Jian , Lv Xiaofei , Tian Li , He Haoqiang , Liu Zhigang , Wu Yi , Han Lujun , Sun Meili , Yang Yadi , Guo Chengcheng , Li Cong , Zhang Rong , Xie Chuanmiao , Chen Yinsheng , Chen Zhong-ping
Published: October 2019

Background: Differentiating glioma recurrence from treatment-related changes can be challenging on conventional imaging. We evaluated the use of dual-energy spectral computed tomographic (CT) quantitative parameters for this differentiation. Methods: Twenty-eight patients were examined by dual-energy spectral imaging CT. The slope of the spectral Hounsfield unit curve (λ HU ), effective atomic number (Z eff ), normalized effective atomic number (Z eff-N ), iodine concentration (IC), and normalized iodine concentration (IC N ) in the post-treatment enhanced areas were calculated. Pathological results or clinicoradiologic follow-up of ≥2 months were used for final diagnosis. Nonparametric and t -tests were used to compare quantitative parameters between glioma recurrence and treatment-related changes. Positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy were calculated; sensitivity and specificity were calculated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. ROC curves were generated using predictive probabilities to evaluate the diagnostic value. Results: There were no significant differences in quantitative parameters based on examination of pre-contrast λ HU , Z eff , Z eff-N , IC, IC N and venous phase IC N ( P >0.05). Venous phase λ HU , Z eff , Z eff-N , and IC in glioma recurrence were higher than in treatment-related changes ( P <0.001). The optimal venous phase threshold was 1.03, 7.75, 1.04, and 2.85 mg/cm 3 , achieving 66.7%, 91.7%, 83.3%, and 91.7% sensitivity; 100.0%, 77.8%, 88.9%, and 77.8% specificity; 100.0%, 73.3%, 83.3%, and 73.3% PPV; 81.8%, 93.3%, 88.9%, and 93.3% NPV; and 86.7%, 83.3%, 86.7%, and 83.3% accuracy, respectively. The areas under the curve (AUC) were 0.912, 0.912, 0.931, and 0.910 in glioma recurrence and treatment-related changes, respectively. Conclusions: Dual-energy spectral CT imaging may provide quantitative values to aid in differentiation of glioma recurrence from treatment-related changes.
Correlation between Apolipoprotein E genetic polymorphism and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Lou Huankun , Huankun Lou , Wang Minglang , Sun Liming , Wang Yilian
Published: October 2019

Background： We speculated that there was a correlation between apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genetic polymorphisms and the occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) based on the AF inflammatory mechanism. The high-risk alleles of ApoE were examined in patients with AF and controls to determine the distribution of genotype and allele frequencies. Methods： From January 2017 to January 2019, 64 patients with AF in the department of cardiovascular medicine of the Lianyungang Second People's Hospital, and 49 healthy outpatient volunteers, were enrolled. ApoE gene polymorphisms were examined using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. Statistical analyses were performed to identify high-risk ApoE alleles. Results： A total of 113 patients were enrolled in this study. Among them, 64 patients were in the AF group (38 male and 26 female), with an average age of 74.38 ± 8.37 years. The control group consisted of 49 cases (29 male and 20 female), with an average age of 65.24 ± 12.14 years. The six ApoE phenotypes ε2/ε2, ε2/ε3, ε2/ε4, ε3/ε3, ε3/ε4, and 4/ε4 were observed in 0.9% , 13.2%, 2.7%, 58.4% , 19.5%, and 5.3% . The proportions of our study population with ApoE protective, general, and risk genotypes accounted for 14.1%，61.1% , and 24.8% , respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in ApoE gene polymorphism frequencies related to gender, height, weight, smoking status, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and coronary heart disease (P＞0.05). There were significant differences in age, body mass index（BMI）, larger left atrial diameter（LAD）, and left ventricle ejection fraction(LVEF) (P＜0.05). The observed genotype frequencies were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and were representative of the population. Conclusion： There is a correlation between the ApoE genetic polymorphism and the occurrence of AF, and ApoEε4 is a high-risk genotype for AF.