bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE IDEA OF EXISTENTIAL WELL-BEING IN RUSSIAN PHILOSOPHY AND THE MODERN PROBLEM OF MENTAL HEALTH: ETHICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS
Authors:   North-Western Institute of Management — branch of the RANEPA, Kovalev Andrey A.
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the ethical and philosophical analysis of the idea of existential well-being in Russian philosophy and its role in solving the modern problem of mental security. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the philosophical understanding of the modern issue of mental security by means of the ethical and philosophical heritage associated with the idea of existential well-being. The concept of existential well-being in Russian philosophy, which has an ethical nature, is highlighted. The purpose of the study is to study the contribution of Russian philosophy to the modern discussion about mental security as an important condition for existential well-being. The article considers several approaches (existential, phenomenological, ethical, philosophical and anthropological) to the study of fundamental issues in the context of the studied issues. The core of the study of the relationship between Russian philosophy and mental security as a condition for achieving existential well-being is the orientation towards moral values in the decision-making process, the organization of one’s own life and building relationships with the surrounding reality.
RELATIONS OF THE STATE AND ORGANIZED CRIME IN CONDITIONS OF A CRISIS OF LEGITIMACY
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Ioshchenko Nikita O.
Published: November 2023

The article attempt to analyze the relationship between the modern state and organized crime as actors in domestic and foreign policy in a crisis of legitimacy. By moving away from interpreting the concept of legitimacy in Max Weber’s original sense, modern criminology has ignored the complex processes and connections that underlie the antagonism and cooperation between legal and illegal political actors.
ANTHROPOLOGY OF CINEMA: CONSTRUCTING A NEW PERSON BASED ON THE EDITING PRINCIPLE OF THINKING
Authors:   Chelyabinsk State Institute of Culture, Panova Stella V.
Published: November 2023

The article discusses the editing principle in cinematography, thanks to which the artistic thinking of cinematographers is able to generate new images. In discussions about the possibility of constructing a new person by means of cinematography (based on the editing principle), philosophical anthropology actualizes traditional problematic issues about the relationship between the spiritual and the bodily in a constructed person, about his integrity. In this regard, the problem of the correlation of the author’s freedom of artistic experiment and ethical norms in the process of designing a complete human image requires a new understanding. It is concluded that the philosophical and anthropological interpretation of the specific features of the assembly principle of thinking in the construction of a new person with new qualities is relevant and in demand in the context of the loss of human integrity.
YOUNG FAMILY: TYPICAL PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR STRENGTHENING IT (SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS)
Authors:   V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Zhupnik Olesya N.
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to a socio-philosophical analysis of a young family, identifying its typical problems and developing proposals for strengthening it. The author examined the distinctive features of a young family according to such criteria as age, duration of marriage, presence of children, official registration of marriage. Based on the results of empirical research and the opinions of a number of domestic researchers, the author examines changes associated with the structure and functions of a young family (structural-functional analysis). According to the criterion of the sphere in which difficulties arise associated with conflicts in marriage and its disintegration, all problems were divided into problems of an ideological and personal-social nature, problems associated with disagreements in the understanding of family roles, the absence of children, and material and everyday ones. From the point of view of the fulfillment of family functions by a young family, it is important to note that it performs more non-specific functions related to mutual support, communication, stability, and ensuring everyday life. The second part of the article suggests ways to strengthen a young family with an emphasis on preparation for both married life and parenthood.
Prevalence of HIV Infection among Libyan Population in Tripoli-Libya
Authors: Elyounsi Najla , Al-Haddad Soomia , Ashour Abdussalam , Atia Ahmed
Published: November 2023

Objective. The study was conducted at the National Center for Diseases Control (NCDC), Tripoli Libya, aimed to assess the prevalence of human immune-deficiency viral infection (HIV). Methods. Data on HIV patients from the records of the NCDC from January 2019 to December 2021 were included. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Essay were used to the viral detection. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Results. Out of the total 3396 records, 624(18.37%) were tested HIV positive; of which 498(14.66%) were male and 3.71% were females. The majority of positive samples were linked to the ages of ≥ 40 years. Conclusion. HIV testing is important step for prevention, early diagnosis, and control prevalence of HIV. Educational and environmental interventions aimed to minimize the risk of HIV is important to uphold HIV control in country.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA GESTÃO ESCOLAR NA ORGANIZAÇÃO DO BEM-ESTAR DOS EDUCADORES DE UMA ESCOLA PÚBLICA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Alves Guimarães Ueudison , Araujo de Carvalho Walkiria , Maria de Araújo Lusilange , Chaves dos Santos Moreira Glaudistonia , Angela de Araújo de Figueiredo Deolinda , Raphá Lemos Guerra Álvaro
Published: November 2023

A gestão escolar é hoje reconhecida como um dos fatores que determinam o desempenho escolar. É por isso que diversas discussões têm abordado esse tema para discutir alguns conceitos existentes a respeito desse aspecto da escolarização. Quando se trata de gestão, ela deve ser considerada como aspecto fundamental para o bom desenvolvimento e bem-estar dos educadores. Do ponto de vista jurídico brasileiro, percebe-se que no artigo 206 da Constituição Federal do Brasil, pela imposição da lei, é definida a governança democrática, cuja finalidade é a construção de um ambiente democrático e equitativo. A gestão participativa exige gerir a participação de todos os atores envolvidos no processo educativo, enfatizando o papel do gestor como criador desse ambiente. Diante do exposto, esta pesquisa possui o objetivo de apresentar a importância da gestão escolar na organização do bem-estar dos educadores de uma escola pública brasileira.
CONHECIMENTO DAS DISCENTES DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO PÚBLICA SOBRE A IMPORTÂNCIA DA REALIZAÇÃO DO EXAME CITOPATOLÓGICO –PAPANICOLAU
Authors: Da Silva Oliveira Taylane , de Sousa Meneses Brandão Socorro  Adriana , Luz Moura Roseane , Alvarenga Aragão Janaina , Santos Batista Lustosa Mariana , Silva Figueiredo Luciano , Santos Batista Patrícia Maria , Dos Santos Lopes Miriam
Published: November 2023

O câncer do colo do útero é um dos mais frequentes tumores na população feminina e é causado pela infecção persistente por alguns tipos do papiloma vírus humano (HPV). Objtivou-se identificar o nível de conhecimento das discentes de uma universidade pública sobre a importância da realização do exame cito patológico-Papanicolau. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva, exploratória, transversal. O estudo foi conduzido na Universidade Estadual do Piauí – UESPI, polo Professor Barros Araújo, do município de Picos-PI, a população foram as  discentes desse campus, dos diversos cursos.Quanto à função do exame citológico, 90% responderam o rastreamento de lesões precursoras ao câncer de colo de útero. Em relação à frequência que se  deve realizar o exame, 48% das participantes responderam, de forma anual. No que diz respeito ao rastreamento do Papanicolau, 59% responderam, mulheres  com 25 anos, gestantes ou não gestantes, que já iniciaram atividade sexual. 87% das participantes responderam que a razão para a realização do Papanicolau é a prevenção de câncer de colo uterino. 67% responderam que a principal causa que impede as mulheres de realizarem o Papanicolau é a falta de informação. As acadêmicas participantes da pesquisa possuem conhecimento satisfatório em relação ao exame e seu grau de importância para a prevenção do câncer de útero, bem como, desconhecem a periodicidade da realização.
المصارف اإلسالمية في زمن العولمة
Authors: أسعد طالب مروة
Published: November 2023

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Tailored Dispersion and Nonlinear Effects in Flint Glass Honeycomb PCF for Optical Communication
Authors: Halder Amit , Tanshen Md. Riyad , Hossain Mir Afzal , Akter Mst. Shanjida , Sikdar Md. Ashik
Published: November 2023

This paper describes a highly nonlinear flint glass-based honeycomb photonic crystal fiber (FGH-PCF) with a wavelength of 1550 nm. The PCF’s distinctive honeycomb lattice structure, combined with the nonlinear capabilities of flint glass, enables a wide range of nonlinear optical applications. To adjust the PCF's dispersion and nonlinear effects, numerical simulations and optimization approaches were used. To achieve maximum performance, fabrication procedures were carefully regulated. Dispersion values of −436.6 ps/(nm.km) for x polarization and −448.1 ps/(nm.km) for y polarization were verified by experimental characterization. The PCF displayed low confinement losses of 2.289 dB/cm (x polarization) and 4.935 dB/cm (y polarization), as well as birefringence of 2.202×10-3. The PCF measured 558.8 and 547.9 W-1 km-1 for x and y polarization, respectively, indicating a high nonlinear coefficient. The highly nonlinear FGH-PCF shows promising potential for nonlinear optical applications such as four-wave mixing, supercontinuum generation, frequency conversion, and parametric amplification. This research paves the way for compact and efficient nonlinear devices in modern optical communication systems and other cutting-edge technologies.
 
Received: 19 September 2023 | Revised: 17 November 2023 | Accepted: 20 November 2023
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
Produção científica sobre apropriação social do conhecimento científico no âmbito das Ciências Sociais e Humanas: uma revisão da literatura no período de 2002-2022
Authors: Macucule Augusto Júnior , Valentim Marta Lígia Pomim
Published: November 2023

Objetivo. A produção científica sobre apropriação social do conhecimento apresenta conceitos e compreensões diversificadas e não há consenso na literatura científica existente sobre a temática. Objetiva-se compreender as variações conceituais sobre ‘apropriação do conhecimento científico’ no âmbito das Ciências Sociais e Humanas, a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica em bases de dados nacionais e internacionais.

Design/Metodologia/Abordagem. A pesquisa é de natureza qualiquantitativa, do tipo bibliográfica e, para tanto, utilizou-se de uma revisão sistemática de literatura, abrangendo o período entre 2002 e 2022.

Resultados/Discussão. A apropriação social do conhecimento em termos conceituais apresenta uma variação relacionada ao contexto geográfico, epistêmico e político. Estão associados ao conceito de apropriação social do conhecimento, termos como: cultura científica, produção social do conhecimento, difusão social do conhecimento, percepção pública da Ciência, entre outros. A variação conceitual sobre apropriação social do conhecimento necessita ser compreendida tendo em vista a produção, disseminação e usos do conhecimento por distintos usuários da informação e do conhecimento.

Conclusões. A produção de conhecimento ocorre nas universidades, nos centros de pesquisa e em organizações públicas e privadas comprometidas com a disseminação e apropriação do conhecimento científico. Vale destacar que o processo cíclico pelo qual ocorre a apropriação social do conhecimento depende da política científica e tecnológica dos países.

Palavras-chave: apropriação social do conhecimento; variação conceitual; unidades de produção e apropriação do conhecimento; divulgação científica; Ciências Sociais e Humanas.
Ecouri constantinopolitane în ilustrările acatistului din Moldova secolului XVI
Authors:   Institutul de Istoria Artei, George Oprescu, Bucuresti, Costea Constanța
Published: November 2023

Previous investigations revealed that a number of scenes in the eleven cycles of the Akathistos painted in Moldavia during the reigns of Peter Rareş and Jeremiah Movilă depend on 14th-early 15th century Byzantine monuments (icons, frescoes, murals) or their parallels. Certain details in these Akathistos illustrations refer to Constantinopolitan miracles or wonder-working icons and relics, such as: healing sands in the Christ Philanthropos monastery (Ancient Serail), the Tuesday procession of the Virgin Hodegetria with the bearer of the icon extending his arm as being crucifi ed, or the use of famous icons (Hodegetria) and relics (Mandylion, maphorion of the Virgin) as securing victory during the city sieges.
Casa generalului Lahovary din strada Lustrului nr. 5
Authors:   Universitatea de Arhitectură și Urbanism ”Ion Mincu”, Mortu Petru , Barbeli Răzvan ,   Sc. Graphtech SRL
Published: November 2023

Rather unknown and many times treated as a work that does not characterize the creation of the architect Ion Mincu, the house of doctor Alexandru Vitzu has generated many debates regarding architecture, but above all in what concerns the exact situation of the construction, disappeared from the Bucharest architectural landscape following the numerous systematizations started at the end of the 19th century. Archive documents bring complementary clarifi cations in this respect, thus eliminating doubts and suppositions.
Memorie „golită", memorie deturnată
Authors:   Universitatea de Arhitectură și Urbanism ”Ion Mincu”, Panasiu Ioan Gabriel
Published: November 2023

Essay on the Monument of Loyalty built after the Revolution of 1848 in Liberty Square Timișoara by the Austrians, in remembrance of the victory of the Imperial Court over Hungarian revolutionaries, as well as of the loyalty of the fortress defenders to the Viennese administration. Th is monument, vandalized in 1918, was moved in 1935-1935 to a cemetery on the outskirts of Timișoara (today, Heroes’ Cemetery).
Trajan's Bridge at Drobeta-Turnu Severin built by the architect Apollodorus
Authors:   The National Institute of Heritage, Bucharest, Nemțeanu Ruxandra
Published: November 2023

In 1998, the Ministry of Culture commissioned the Design Centre for the National Cultural Heritage (CPPCN) with the project entitled “Restoration and enhancement of the ruins of Trajan’s Bridge in Drobeta Turnu-Severin”. Within the project, 12 potential variants were drawn up, of which the optimal one for that moment was chosen. Th e project was abandoned in 2003, due to the dissolution of the Design Centre for the National Cultural Heritage. With all those actions, taken with good intentions, the Ruin of Trajan’s Bridge didn’t gain much: a published volume containing the complex and multi-disciplinary research, offi cial visits, a perimetric drain channel and a pump to evacuate meteoric water from the basin in which the ruin is embedded. Th e railway (which is a single track rail and an important international railway) noisily crosses the ancient enclosure even today, although there have been opportune moments to move it. From time to time it is damaged and becomes impracticable because of the landslides downstream from Turnu-Severin, but, with all those impediments it remains immovable. Th e people that were morally involved in the project included the archaeologist Prof. Dr. Petre Alexandrescu and the architect Aurel Teodorescu.
Written and archaeological sources for the reconstruction of Roman road network in the province of Lower Moesia
Authors:   “Vasile Pârvan” Institute of Archaeology, Bucharest, Panaite Adriana
Published: November 2023

"In Moesia inferior traces of Roman roads are rare. Most of their descriptions belong to the late nineteenth century and were carried out especially by the Shkorpil brothers. Many of the roads thus mentioned do not exist anymore. The aim of this article is to propose the reconstitution of the communication network of the province based on the analysis of literary, epigraphic and archaeological sources. Th e most important written sources are listed grouped by the type of given information on the roads: defi nition, types, stages of construction, juridical regime etc. Th e cartographic sources are the main ones: Tabula Peutingeriana, Itinerarium Antonini, Notitia Dignitatum etc. Epigraphical and archaeological sources are added to these. If the literary or juridical sources, maps, etc. contain general information, valid throughout the Roman Empire, for the reconstitution of the road system of Moesia Inferior the most important role is played by inscriptions: the milestone inscriptions, those mentioning military annexes built along the roads or second-ranking soldiers charged with guarding roads. All these data enable not only to outline the routes but also to establish their chronology. "
On the conservation of archaeological heritage: the case of the mural paintings in the cellars of Şerban Vodă Inn
Authors:   National University of Arts, Bucharest, Mohanu Dan
Published: November 2023

"Following the discovery of mural paintings in Şerban Vodă Han cellars, it seems that we can refer to a new kind of medieval images meant to protect and decorate the place: cellar icons. Given the way they were presented to the public by the authors of the archaeological explorations in 2007-2009, the three fragments of mural painting miraculously surviving in the ruins of the southern side of the Royal Han included two representations of Saint Nicholas and one Dormition of the Mother of God. Th e three icons disappeared from their initial place before being adequately researched. If the in situ study can be replaced by the photo evidence, if the lab survey can still use some small fragments recovered after the destruction of the Dormition of the Mother of God icon, other details which could have supported the date of the mural paintings are lost for ever. Th ey include graphites, often ignored, even if it refers to the conservation and restoration of a historical monument. In our case, we would have lost any information about the existence of graphites unless a closer examination of the photographic records to recompose the extracted fragments of Saint Nicholas icon would have allowed the discovery of a graphite including the year 7264 (1756). "
Building projects in Bucharest at the turn of the 20th century between delay and abandonment
Authors:   “Spiru Haret” University, Bucharest., Petrescu Ioana-Maria , Stanciu Constantin Bogdan ,   “Spiru Haret” University, Bucharest.
Published: November 2023

During the last decade of the 19th century, several large-scale architecture projects were launched in Bucharest, dealing with outstanding public edifi ces. Unfortunately, the insuffi cient fi nancial resources repeatedly forced the mayorship and the Government to postpone, or even abandon for good, the accomplishment of a number of these works, although in some cases all the necessary demarches had been already carried out. Additionally, for lack of a coherent strategy on the capital city development, several urban interventions, deemed as vital in terms of city modernization, were irrevocably given up.
Spaces of the archaeology. Contemporary concepts and interpretations
Authors:   “Ion Mincu” University of Architecture and Urbanism, Bucharest, Diaconescu Oana
Published: November 2023

Archaeological sites are an origin of successive changes among city’s areas and values that led to the evolution of urban composition. Th e city, as a place of condensation, is the only medium in which the architect, the archaeologist and the urban planner meet. By explaining the term “urban archaeology” there will present the connection between the archaeological excavations and the expense of the aesthetic “envelope” of the contemporary city, following the normative previsions of the charts.
L’auberge Hagi Tudorache ou l’auberge Gabroveni? Elements pour eclaircir une histoire confuse
Authors:   Université Spiru Haret, Bucarest, Petrescu Ioana Maria
Published: November 2023

"Au 84-86 rue Lipscani, en plein centre historique de Bucarest, se trouve l’ancien Passage Commercial (Pasajul Comercial), un bâtiment qui doit sa célébrité a un certain nombre d’articles des années 1970, présentant le résultat des fouilles archéologiques qui y avaient été effectuées, il y a quatre décennies. Bien que ces études nous offrent d’importantes informations par rapport aux différentes étapes liées a la construction du bâtiment, ils se trompent tous en l’identifiant avec l’auberge Gabroveni (Hanul Gabroveni). L’attentive analyse de la documentation (archives et sources littéraires) infirme tout rapport entre l’auberge Gabroveni élevée, au début du XIXe siecle, par des commerçants bulgares originaires de Gabrovo a l’endroit ou se trouvait l’ancienne résidence princiere et cet édifice du type passage, connu aussi comme étant l’auberge Hagi Tudorache (Hanul Hagi Tudorache), qui relie les rues Lipscani et Gabroveni. "
Statue de culte de Dionysos à Istro
Authors:   Institut d’Archéologie « Vasile Pârvan », Bucarest, Alexandrescu Vianu Maria
Published: November 2023

L’auteur présente la découverte récente a Istros d’une statue de panthere accolée a la jambe droite d’un personnage masculin. La statue de dimensions colossales, d’environ 2,80 - 3 m, représentait Dionysos. Une analyse de la statue en vu de déterminer le type iconographique fait l’objet de cette étude.
Hidden dates. Dendrochronological research on medieval churches in Transylvania
Authors:   Szekler Museum of Ciuc, Botar Istvan , Grynaeus András ,   Hungarian Dendrochronological Laboratory, Tóth Boglárka ,   University of Szeged, Transylvanian Dendrochronological Laboratory
Published: November 2023

Dendrochronology is a dating method which uses tree ring data of living trees and tree ring series measured on historical and archaeological wood. In optimal circumstances dendrochronology can produce absolute dating with a half-year accuracy. Due to research carried out by our team, initiated in 2003, we can use now two master chronologies to date oak and fi r structures in Transylvania for the period between the 13th and 19th centuries, a couple of absolutely dated series for the 12th to 14th centuries, and also some fl oating series for the late migration period (7th ‒ 8th centuries) and Roman period. Th e article presents a few case studies of dendrochronological research on medieval churches from this region (Darjiu, Targu Mureş, Cetatea de Baltă, Bistriţa, Sibiu). During these campaigns of fi eldwork and following analyses we successfully dated more medieval roofs and later renovation phases. So far the earliest dated roof is the structure above the Evangelic church in Sibiu, where the timber material comes from trees felled at the middle of the 14th century. Th e method is also used to date art objects (altar panels) and wood installations (painted ceilings, furniture). To extend the validity of the present chronologies, both in time and space (in Moldova and the Romanian Plain), stronger archaeological involvement will be needed.
Cultural heritage and the politics of collective memory
Authors:   “Vasile Pârvan” Institute of Archaeology, Bucharest, Niculescu Gheorghe Alexandru
Published: November 2023

The representation of cultural heritage as determining the authenticity of identities, associated with the ideology of collective memory, restricts cultural liberties and assists identity politics. Th e Faro Convention, especially through its emphasis on the participation of everyone to the interpretation of cultural heritage, is an important moment in the reconsideration of the role of the knowledge about the past in a democratic world.
The early medieval tesserae from the St Servatius church excavations in Maastricht – The Netherlands (1981-1989)
Authors:   University of Amsterdam, Panhuysen Titus
Published: November 2023

In the eighties of the last century a massive excavation was carried out in the Church of St Servatius in Maastricht in the context of an overall restoration of the church building which dates from the 11th to 15th century. The Servatius Church was originally a grave church that was founded in the sixth century by Bishop Monulph of Maastricht creating a pilgrim centre to honour his fourth-century predecessor Servatius, the first Bishop of Tongeren (BE). The excavations have not only brought to light remains of the sixth-century church building of Monulph, but also a hitherto unknown and richly decorated basilica that was in use between c. 650 and 950 A.D. as an abbey church. The diggings were extremely meticulously carried out over 40 connecting excavation trenches and the whole is very well documented and drawn in nearly 374 plans and sections. The digging is done entirely by hand and the soil is sieved dry as much as possible in stratigraphic units. That has resulted in a large amount of dating sherds within a reliable Harris-Matrix. Special material groups were found such as window glass, tesserae (cubical or cuboid mosaic stones) and fragments of wall paintings. The 133 mosaic stones from this excavation will be discussed here within their find contexts, from which something can be deduced about their original use and significance. This article is the result of a presentation during a most important Workshop in Belgium in March 2015 in the former Abbey of Paix-Dieu (Amay, BE) under the title Early medieval tesserae in north-western Europe (VIth-Xth century).
Land demarcation plans, an underresearched documentary corpus
Authors:   Faculty of Architecture, Spiru Haret University, Bucharest, Petrescu Ioana Maria , Stanciu Constantin Bogdan ,   Faculty of Architecture, Spiru Haret University, Bucharest
Published: November 2023

"The studies pertinent to the rural built heritage should also include, among their research instruments, the land demarcation plans from the 19th and the first half of the 20th centuries. These mapping documents, hardly ever used in the Romanian research, generally represent the only source of information available amid studies of the long gone or heavily damaged countryside noble courts. The article herein introduces the documentary corpus from the perspective of civil architecture ensembles, thus proving its relevance through several significant case studies. "
The Roman Baths in Târgșoru Vechi
Authors:   “Vasile Pârvan” Institute of Archaeology, Bucharest, Măgureanu Andrei , Ciupercă Bogdan ,   Prahova County Museum of History and Archaeology, Ploiești., Constantin Cătălin ,   “Vasile Pârvan” Institute of Archaeology, Bucharest, Anton Alin ,   Prahova County Museum of History and Archaeology, Ploiești.
Published: November 2023

Started as an archaeological investigation of the medieval ruins from Targșoru Vechi, the research began gathering more and more data about the Roman epoch. At the end of the ‘70s of the 20th century, the excavation revealed a building placed at about 50m from the Roman fort limits: the Roman baths, which remained unpublished. A recent project aiming to highlight the medieval and Roman monuments from Targșoru Vechi was the reason for resuming the research in the years 2014-2015, results which are the subject of this contribution. The authors present a description of the baths observing the degradation of the monument during the 40 years that passed from the moment of discovery. Besides portraying their architectural characteristics, the authors formulate several hypotheses regarding the aspect and function of the baths’ compartments and a new building is identified, older than the baths, dating from Roman times as well.
Restoration project of the mural paintings of the Dragomirna Monastery Church
Authors:   The George Enescu National University of Arts, Iași, Solomonea Carmen Cecilia
Published: November 2023

"The main Church of the Dragomirna Monastery has its nave and altar decorated mural paintings which date back to as early as the early 17th century. These were created in the affresco technique, with areas completed in mezzo fresco, and extensive gilded surfaces. There is a wide diversity of stone-carved elements– flowers, ribs, torsade embossing, sculpted and painted shields, which cannot be found in any previous mediaeval churches in Moldavia. These elements complete the iconographic programme of the painting, which spans over 22 registers, differentiating and defining the uniqueness of Dragomirna. A series of degradations due to infiltration, which occurred over time in the upper part of the nave and the base of the bell tower, led to the architectural restoration of the Church in the ‘60s. The mural painting is first restored 400 years after its creation. The complex works were possible through the implementation of a project funded by the European Union between November 10th 2010 and February 15th 2012.The ample restauration and conservation process of the 900 square meters of mural painting highlighted its amazing original appearance and its artistic elements influenced by the techniques and chromatics of miniature painting. The interventions have been carried out in accordance with the international standards of conservation and involved a team of 50 specialists. The project ‘Dragomirna Church’s 17th Century Frescoes,Suceava, ROMÂNIA’ has been among the winners of the 2014 EU Prize for Cultural Heritage / Europa Nostra Awards in the ‘Conservation’ category. The project has received the Grand Prix and the Public Choice Award. "
The Gap is in the Eye of the Beholder. Treatment of lacunae in Neues Museum Berlin
Authors:   The Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, Rădoi Elena
Published: November 2023

As in 2009 the Neues Museum (“New Museum”) in Berlin was reopened after restoration, the long awaited moment triggered most various reactions between praise and criticism. The core of all debates was the treatment of loss and the reconstruction (or non-reconstruction) of the missing architectonical parts such as the staircase (Trepenhalle). Being one of the most debated contemporary conservation projects, we ask ourselves how does the restoration of the Neues Museum work in the eyes of the beholder and what could be the judgment behind the rejection or approval?
Statue bases with honorif ic inscriptions from Histria in the Early Roman period
Authors:   “Vasile Pârvan” Institute of Archaeology, Bucharest, Panait Bîrzescu Florina
Published: November 2023

The article focuses on a group of 17 monuments, which were considered mainly cippi, altars, bases, or simple blocks. These have been discovered in the Late Roman city wall, studied from an epigraphic point of view, and put back in the wall. Only two of them, now exposed at the site museum, could be studied also from the perspective of their functionality. Both present traces characteristic of the fastening of a bronze statue. These are monolithic rectangular bases with mouldings, and were made of local limestone. Most inscriptions originate from the second half of the 2nd century to the first half of the 3rd century AD. The bases on the other hand mark a fashion change in the display of the honorific statues during the 2nd century AD, being much taller and slenderer than the previous types of bases. Furthermore, in the practice of honouring by dedicating statues, a growing importance is given to the emperors, members of the imperial family, and of the Roman administration. The honoured members of the local elite also have ties to the Roman government through their titles and offices, being involved in the imperial cult. The inscription content and the monuments’ autopsy lead to several other observations concerning the occasion on which the statues have been erected, the reuse of the monuments, or the context display.
Du lien ambigu entre Monument et Patrimoine
Authors:   Centre National du Costume de Scène, Moulins-sur-Allier, Vlad Petra
Published: November 2023

Les termes qui définissent notre culture d’aujourd’hui, européenne foncierement mais globalisée et a prétention universelle, sont ceux d’une classification patrimoniale. Toute création ou forme de vie doit etre considérée au titre du patrimoine UNESCO pour qu’elle acquiert une réelle attention de public, pour qu’elle soit considérée comme réellement importante. Le terme monument, beaucoup plus ancien et plus clair dans sa définition se trouve a la base de cette idée patrimoniale, mais converti aujourd’hui, torsionné pour devenir un garant historique d’une pensée qui n’est que trope récente et trop idéologisée. Ou se trouve l’origine de cette confusion, de cette ambiguité entre monument et patrimoine? Dans l’étymologie et l’histoire meme des termes ou dans la pratique qu’on accorde aujourd’hui a ces termes, sans réelement comprendre leur arriere fond théorique.
THE POLEMIC BETWEEN PAMFIL POLONIC AND GRIGORE G. TOCILESCU
Authors:   The Museum of Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iași, Mîrza Vasilica
Published: November 2023

The archaeological activity of Grigore G. Tocilescu and his assistant, surveyor Pamfil Polonic, has been analysed by many historians. Their contributions to the Romanian archaeology and museology are known. However, one of the issues that had remained unclear is the reason for the ceasing of the collaboration between the two and why, until now, nothing clear had been written on the matter. Recent research on this subject has revealed a possible explanation and the solution for the partial resolution of this issue. The present text is based on documents from the funds of the Ministry of Cults and Public Instruction, which refer to certain misunderstandings that had appeared between Grigore G. Tocilescu and Pamfil Polonic. Because of loans that were left unreturned by Pamfil Polonic, for which Grigore G. Tocilescu always warranted, the situation escalated to the former’s destitution from the position of draftsman, which he had at the National Museum of Antiquities. The misunderstandings between the two on this subject had started soon after the beginning of their collaboration. Several documents from 1894 prove that Pamfil Polonic was in debt to Grigore G. Tocilescu. Their petitions to the Ministry date from 1902-1903. In this case Pamfil Polonic didn’t simply renouncing his position at the National Museum of Antiquities and the triumph of his position as debtor, which Grigore G. Tocilescu tried to highlight. There also existed several court orders which bound Pamfil Polonic to return those sums, that, in a last attempt, he again redirects to Grigore G. Tocilescu, which caused the latter great upset.
"THE PALEOCHRISTIAN CHURCHES AND MOSAICS OF RAVENNA: EXAMPLES OF BYZANTINE OR LATE ROMAN ART?"
Authors:   Bucharest Municipality Museum, University of Bucharest, Crețulescu Vladimir
Published: November 2023

"In the following paragraphs, I investigate the inclusion of Ravenna’s 5th and 6th century mosaics and architecture in the category of Byzantine art, as opposed to their labelling as late Roman art. Without any claim to solve this very complex issue, I nonetheless approach it tentatively. I start by situating the ravennate churches in the late Antique political context which catalyzed their construction. I then give a brief account of the ongoing debate in art historiography, on the Levantine or Roman inspiration behind ravennate art. I subsequently proceed to approach this controversial issue myself, from two distinct perspectives: as far as architecture is concerned, I list the general features of ravennate edifices, in order to determine how the 5th and 6th century churches in Ravenna relate to Roman models, and especially to the Constantinopolitan ones put forward by the architects of emperor Justinian. Then, regarding the mosaic decoration, I attempt to highlight, using two small case studies, the coexistence and partial interweaving, in Ravenna, of two distinct traditions of mosaic art: one being late Roman, the other, early Byzantine. "
THE CHURCH OF THE BAIA DE ARAMĂ MONASTERY BETWEEN THE TRUTH AND THE TREASURE HUNTERS’ FANTASY
Authors:   Historian, PhD, senior member of the Academy of Scientists of Romania, Vergatti Radu
Published: November 2023

The church dedicated to the Holy Voivodes of the Baia de Aramă Monastery was built between 1699 and 1703. Its founders were the Great Ban Cornea Brăiloiu and the man of fortune Milco Băieşul. The church stands as an historical, art and architectural monument of the Brâncoveanu era. A fantastic legend has been created that beneath it the treasure of Wallachian prince Constantin Basarab Brâncoveanu was hidden..., which was not possible. At 3.5 meters below the church floor there is granite rock that cannot be dug. Also, 80 tons of gold could have been brought in about 160 carts, a situation that would have awakened the suspicion of the Sublime Porte. The attempts of the archaeologists who carried out the excavations, following this legend, with the approval of the Ministry of Culture, have destroyed the monument. Recently, a restoration has begun.
ATELIERS DE SCULPTURE DANS LA MÉSIE INFÉRIEURE. LES RELATIONS AVEC LA BITHYNIE
Authors:   “Vasile Pârvan” Institute of Archaeology, Bucharest, Alexandrescu Vianu Maria
Published: November 2023

L’étude continue les recherches de l’auteur sur les ateliers de sculpture de la Mésie Inférieure et leurs connexions avec des centres de production de l’Asie Mineure, notamment de la Bithynie. Le rôle des carrières de marbre de Proconnèse et de Dokimeion sont mises en évidence, ainsi que les connexions avec des centres tels que Nicomédie, Cyzique, Byzance, Chalcédoine. L’auteur a utilisé les sources épigraphiques, philologiques et archéologiques.
Late-Archaic Temple Architecture in Olbia Pontica II: the Akroteria with Gorgoneia
Authors:   The Institute of Archaeology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Bujskikh Alla
Published: November 2023

This paper is about the studying and further reconstruction of two central akroteria of Laconian type with the depiction of Medusa Gorgona. The gorgoneia were the top decorations of the temple of the main Olbian sacred patron, Apollo Ietros, as it is visible from the graffito on one side. The temple was erected at the Western temenos in Pontic Olbia during the second half of the 6th century BCE. The synchronous analogues known in the Mediterranean centres allow for the proposition of two versions of akroterion design – a rectangular form with a circular top, and a fully circular form of a disk-shape akroterion. The disk akroterion was fixed with the help of the ridge tile that had slopes of c. 23-24°, that differ from those known in the Mediterranean. All the details belong to the South Ionian imports transported to Olbia in a special order, that allows for the discussion about a local direction in the architectural development.
Vases corinthiens entre Danube et Mer Noire
Authors:   Institute for South East European Studies, Lungu Vasilica
Published: November 2023

Parmi les céramiques archaïques importées et retrouvées en Dobroudgea du Nord, il existe un groupe particulier formé de vases corinthiens collectés de divers sites. Comme il s’agit pour la plupart des objets trouvés dans des contextes stratigraphiques bien précis, ils deviennent ainsi des repères chronologiques importants pour les sites concernés. Ces vases sont traités également en raison de leur valeur socioculturelle, étant considérés comme exemple de la vaisselle fine, indice du statut de leurs propriétaire. Grâce à la diversité des informations, il nous a donc paru intéressant d’étudier en tant que tel ce matériel très spécifique de la première époque de la colonisation grecque dans cette aire.
People or Gods? an Alternative Interpretation for Two Statue Bases of the Classical Period from Histria and Olbia.
Authors:   The Vasile Pârvan Institute of Archaeology, Bucharest, Panait-Bîrzescu Florina
Published: November 2023

The article discusses two statue bases of the Classical period from Histria and Olbia, which present dedications to Apollo Ietros and similar embedding traces for bronze statues. To the already known hypothesis that these represented the god, an alternative hypothesis is proposed for the identity of the statues, namely that of the dedicator himself. A series of analogies testify to the common practice in the Black Sea cities of erecting a statue of the priest at the end of the service, either by himself or by a family member. The presence of the orifice near the left foot would thus correspond to the staff, an accessory of the citizen’s outfit in the Classical period. But the argument that raises the most questions is the reuse of the base from Olbia a century later, for another statue, reuse which is rather particular to honorary statues.
A Doric-Ionic Capital with Lizard from Histria
Authors:   The Vasile Pârvan Institute of Archaeology, Bucharest, Apostol Virgil
Published: November 2023

Discovered in 2007 in the Extra Muros Poarta Mare - Turnul Mare sector in Histria, a Doric-Ionic capital stands out, in addition to its typological peculiarity, for the use of a cushion, the decoration of the canalis and the cushion, but also for the carving of a lizard on the balteus. Although the sculptural processing of the capital is less rigorous, the rich decoration of the channel and the cushion could be a Roman interpretation of the image of more particular Ionic capitals found in the nearby area of the western Black Sea coast at the end of the Hellenistic and beginning of the Roman era. The particular way of placing the reptile, on the upper part of the balteus, in an area inaccessible to the viewer, could suggest a protective symbol of the dwelling, placed in areas where these creatures hide, like those described by Pliny, above the cornices of doors and windows.
The Bethlen Castle in Criş (Mureş County): Overview of the Archaeological Excavations and a Short Revisited Early History of the Estate.1
Authors:   Mureș County Museum, Bencze Unige , Zolya Levente-Laszlo ,   St. Ladislaus Foundation
Published: November 2023

The present article discusses the early history and evolution of the Bethlen castle in Criş and the constructions undertaken by the members of the Bethlen family, based on the preserved written sources and the results of the archaeological investigations. The literature connects the very first constructions in Criş to Mark Bethlen; however, the written sources and the excavations indicate the existence of a much earlier settlement, dated approximately to the 12th and 13th centuries, about which little is known. Written documents mentioned an already existing manor house in 1435, and in 1482 the sons of Mark Bethlen divided their father’s house between themselves. Based on the written sources, in the beginning of the 16th century there already existed three manor houses in Criş, one that belonged to Gregory Bethlen, another to Bernard Bethlen, and a third (built from wood) to Nicholas Bethlen. For now, the re-evaluation of the results of the older and newer excavation results is crucial in understanding the early constructions, which are hard to identify in the archaeological record since the site of the castle had been continuously used through the ages.
Reflexions sur quelques théories concernant deux colonies grecques du Pont Gauche : Orgamè et Istros.
Authors:   Institute for South East European Studies, Lungu Vasilica
Published: November 2023

La colonisation grecque et l’étude des territoires occupés par les cités antiques sur la côte ouest de la mer Noire font depuis longtemps l’objet d’un intense débat interne et international. De nombreux documents littéraires, épigraphiques et archéologiques de l’époque grecque permettent de reconnaître diverses caractéristiques de la communauté istrienne et de son organisation dans l’espace proche du fleuve du même nom, Istros. Les informations recueillies récemment nous permettent de comprendre ses relations avec d’autres établissements et communautés, d’appréhender leur typologie et leur organisation dans l’espace. Dans les lignes qui suivent, nous tentons d’introduire de nouveaux aspects de la recherche archéologique afin de diversifier les approches existantes.
Late-archaic Temple Architecture in Olbia Pontica III: a Palmette Akroterion.
Authors:   The Institute of Archaeology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Bujskikh Alla
Published: November 2023

Olbia Pontica hosts a remarkable terracotta detail – a frontal palmette akroterion, found at the Western temenos. The stylistic analysis of some separate fragments allowed them to be joined in a single detail, that had to decorate the temple façade, and to propose its possible reconstruction. In addition, the sima fragments gave the possibility to reconstruct the connection of the akroterion with the drainage system on the apex of the temple’s fronton. The dedication graffito on the back side of the akroterion attributed it as belonging to the temple of Apollo Hietros. Looking at the other two frontal akroteria, from limestone and terracotta, that were attributed earlier as those that could have decorated the same temple, they were decided to be the result of the constant repairs made at this temple. Stylistically identical terracotta details were also found in Miletus, Histria, and Leuke island. The artisan production of the terracotta temple decorations came from the metropolis, Miletus, that had to supply her daughter-cities in the north western Pontus with the decoration of the model temple.
The Fortification Structures from Lipova at the End of the Middle Ages and in the Ottoman Period. A reassessment of the Available Sources.
Authors:   National Museum of Transilyvanian History, Cluj Napoca, Toda Oana , Mărginean Florin ,   Museum Arad
Published: November 2023

The successive administrations of Lipova (Lippa) from the end of the Middle Ages until the modern period determined numerous changes relative to its historical topography and urban structures, including its fortifications. The direct association of the settlement with the Hungarian royalty in the fourteenth century, the transition from the fifteenth-century oppidum to the urban status of the sixteenth century and the shaping of a regional administrative centre according to Ottoman traditions generated a highly dynamic historical topography. The scholarly debate on the fortified structures of Lipova can be traced back to the second half of the nineteenth century. Its unknowns and discussions range from the simultaneous number of fortifications directly connected to the late medieval urban centre, their dating, exact location, extent, and particular architectural components. In the last century, scientists revisited the topic circumstantially. It remained problematic, primarily because all the material traces of the fortifications were demolished at the beginning of the 1700s, and they still await archaeological investigations. In the stated circumstances, we resume discussing the available sources that can help us reconstruct the configuration of fortifications during the fifteenth–seventeenth centuries by presenting their potential. Our preliminary study confronts the sparse archaeological data with pragmatic literature, narrative sources, and highly overlooked cartographic documents. Above all, we examine the cartographic sources of the late seventeenth century and their historical context because they recorded the spatial outline and the coexistence of three fortified precincts one inside another. The combined sources show that the medieval castle persisted at the very core of a mid-sixteenth-century bastion fortification encircled by the ample town precinct.