bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yoga in Britain after the 1980s
Authors: Newcombe Suzanne
Published: February 2022

Yoga in Britain has not been a linear development. Rather, old and new co-exist, adapting to suit the specific needs of a particular time and place. But as well as continuity of groups and teachers, have also been important changes. Much of the government funding for adult education was cut during from the 1980s. Ever flexible, practices called yoga slowly adapted into the neoliberally-flavoured private market place. In the early 1990s, the UK Sports Council recognized yoga as a ‘sports activity’ and eventually designated a transformed British Wheel of Yoga as its ‘governing body’ for this purpose. Meanwhile a variety of accreditation bodies sought to establish qualifications and insurance provision in the newly commercialised marketplace. Multi-style commercial yoga studios became established in metropolitan centres and a vigorous style of yoga practice based on a flowing sun-salutation sequence known as Astanga Vinyasa Yoga gained popularity, addressing the needs of a new generation of practitioners.
Culture and Community
Authors: Wildcroft Theodora
Published: February 2022

Chapter 9 brings the book full circle, connecting shared repertoires and shared experiences to community subcultures of the kind first introduced in Chapter 1. • PLY as a ‘community of practice’ • How a shared repertoire and shared experiences become a ‘beloved community’
Christ as the Middle Way
Authors: Ellis Robert M.
Published: February 2022

Jung’s archetypal view of Christ sees him as an unavoidable inner figure, whose suffering can represent the way that our own suffering can force us out of old assumptions. His visions also provide a raw encounter with the meaning of the eucharist, and record a process of wrestling with how to combine authenticity with the ‘imitation’ of Christ.
Death of the Hero
Authors: Ellis Robert M.
Published: February 2022

The Red Book early on depicts the killing of the hero, thus symbolising the limitations of the ego. However, as he goes on Jung finds himself re-encountering the heroic through sacrifice, magic and a ‘son’ who apparently represents his work. Jung’s process of killing but also reviving the hero also reflects the Middle Way in that he can’t succeed by merely repressing, nor by idealising, his own ego.
Embodied Meaning and the Scholars
Authors: Ellis Robert M.
Published: February 2022

The recognition of meaning as embodied (as developed by Lakoff and Johnson), and thus as not divisible into the traditional cognitive v emotive dichotomy, is implicit throughout the Red Book . Heights rely on depths that are found in embodied experience. This Parallels the Buddha’s recognition of embodiment when he abandoned asceticism. The falsity of the dichotomy is dramatized by Jung’s encounters with the repressed scholar and his hidden daughter, and with the scholar-hermit Ammonius.
Red Book, Middle Way: How Jung Parallels the Buddha’s Method for Human Integration
Authors: Ellis Robert M.
Published: February 2022

Red Book, Middle Way offers a new interpretation of Jung’s Red Book, in terms of the Middle Way, as a universal principle and embodied ethic, paralleled both in the Buddha’s teachings and elsewhere. Jung’s Red Book, finally published only in 2009, is a highly ambiguous text describing a succession of extraordinary visions, together with Jung’s interpretation of them. Jung explicitly discusses the Middle Way in the Red Book (although this has been largely ignored by scholars so far) and offers lots of material that can be understood in its terms. This book interprets the Red Book in relation to the archetypes met in its visions — the hero, the feminine, the Shadow, God and Christ — and follows Jung’s process of integrating these different internal figures. To do this Jung needs to find the Middle Way between absolutes at every point, in a way similar to the Buddha. Red Book, Middle Way will engage both those inspired by Jung and those interested in the Middle Way of the Buddha, offering a source of deep imaginative reflection on our practical human motives.
Nurse training for care management: integrative literature review
Authors: Gonçalves Laís Barreto de Brito , Cruz Rachel de Sá Barreto Luna Callou , Quirino Glauberto da Silva , Pinto Antonio Germane Alves
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify how nurses are trained to manage care. Methods: an integrative review, guided by the research question: “How does the training of nurses for care management occur?” The studied performed the search on LILACS, BDENF, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, BVS, and SciELO, using combined strategies to select publications indexed in databases and electronic libraries. The analysis involved bibliometric aspects and the evidence on nursing education contained in the articles. The final sample consisted of eight articles. Results: three thematic categories emerged: conceptions and senses; fragmentation of care; and training practices. They showed essential aspects about the nurse training process for care management. Final Considerations: research needs to address conceptions inherent to teaching processes focusing on concepts, significance, and application, engaging the development of macro skills to transpose care beyond theory.
Postgraduate nursing students’ conceptions on scientific integrity and research ethics
Authors: Stigger Danubia Andressa da Silva , Barlem Jamila Geri Tomaschewski , Stigger Klaus Nobre , Cogo Silvana Bastos , Piexak Diéssica Roggia , Rocha Laurelize Pereira
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand the conceptions of postgraduate Nursing students regarding integrity in scientific research. Methods: a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study conducted in October 2020, with 40 students from a postgraduate program in Nursing from a public university in Southern Brazil. The interviews had an emphasis on scientific integrity and its importance for scientific research; they were conducted using synchronous communication tool and analyzed by textual discourse analysis. Results: two categories emerged: “Scientific integrity: the ethical dimension of research” and “Implications of academic productivism for scientific integrity”. Such integrity is intrinsically related to the supporting ethical elements, as well as to the nuances of productivism and its impacts on integrity. Final Considerations: the cross-sectionalism of ethical practices is necessary in the production spheres of science, so that knowledge is perpetuated in harmony with integrity and its representations to the community.
Use of technology for self-care in surgical wound infection surveillance: integrative review
Authors: Oliveira Lia Pacheco de , Lucato Ana Laura Serra , Fernandes Daiane Rubinato , Vieira Leticia Genova , Santos Bruna Nogueira dos , Silveira Renata Cristina de Campos Pereira
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to synthesize knowledge about technology for self-care in surgical wound infection surveillance. Methods: integrative review conducted in CINAHL, Embase, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases with the descriptors “surgical wound infection” and “self-care”, in addition to manual search in the references of the included studies. The selection and evaluation of the methodological quality of the studies and data collection were performed by two independent reviewers; conflicts were resolved by a third reviewer. Results: nine primary studies were included, published between 2011 and 2019. Six are cross-sectional, two are randomized clinical trials, and one is a case report. Mobile, text messaging, and imaging applications, computer software, assessments, and data storage capacity stand out. Conclusions: the technologies identified for self-care in surgical wound infection surveillance were the creation and use of mHealth and the use of health apps on mobile devices. Effective technologies in surveillance of surgical wound infection that enable rapprochement with the healthcare team, encourage a greater number of surgical wound assessments, enhance self-care actions, and decrease patient anxiety. Technology is also a monitored and recorded form of patient care, one of the main axes of infection surveillance.
Storage of gastrointestinal endoscopes: when is the safe time for re-use?
Authors: Garcia Naiara Bussolotti , Oliveira Adriana Cristina de
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the safe storage time for the use of flexible gastrointestinal endoscopes after high-level disinfection, as well as the defining criteria for this time. Methods: an integrative literature review was carried out in the Virtual Health Library, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, considering original articles published since 2000. Results: eleven articles were selected, whose storage times ranged from 1 to 56 days, with a predominance of one to seven days (73%). Several criteria were used to define this time, predominantly the premise of efficient processing (100%), use of alcohol flush (64%), use of drying cabinets (18%), among others. Conclusions: the criteria for determining the storage time did not show a consensus for clinical practice. Expanding the discussion of this theme with the definition of the minimum necessary conditions is of fundamental importance for the reduction of risks and safety of the procedure and the patient.
Nurse’s competences in promoting women’s health in light of the Galway Consensus
Authors: Cordeiro Valeska Macêdo Cruz , Morais Vanessa Macêdo Cruz Cordeiro de , Magalhães Beatriz de Castro , Silva Micaelle de Sousa , Costa Milena Silva , Silva Viviane Martins da , Santos Rosely Leyliane dos
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify nurses’ competences in promoting women’s health. Methods: descriptive study with a qualitative approach that adopted the Galway Consensus as a theoretical-methodological framework. Data collection was performed through semi-structured interviews. Results: most of the Galway Consensus’ competence domains were present in the nurses’ interventions related to health promotion in women’s care. “Assessment of needs” and “Implementation” were the most highlighted domains, followed by “Leadership” and “Impact assessment”. The domain “Defending/Advocating Rights” was not identified. Final Considerations: within the nurses’ work with women, some of the Galway Consensus domains of competencies for health promotion were present. However, there is a need, in the context of continuous health education, to expand strategies and enhance the development and application of these health promotion competences.
Involvement of companions in patient safety in pediatric and neonatal units: scope review
Authors: Oliveira Thayane Gusmão Pires de , Diniz Catharine Galvão , Carvalho Marina Peluci Malta , Corrêa Allana dos Reis , Rocha Patrícia Kuerten , Manzo Bruna Figueiredo
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to describe scientific evidence on the involvement of companions in patient safety, from their own perspective and health professionals’ perspective in neonatal and pediatric units. Methods: scoping review carried out according to The Joanna Briggs Institute’s recommendations, in eight databases, following the Preferred Reporting Items checklist for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist, between 2011 and 2021. Results: the 13 studies included highlighted the importance of companions’ involvement in patient safety and the prevention of adverse events. However, they pointed out failures in communication and weakness in the training of professionals, which were obstacles to their involvement. The strengthening of health education, multidisciplinary rounds and educational technologies were highlighted as strategies to expand the involvement of companions. Final Considerations: this study directs elements for health professionals and managers to rethink the companions’ role in patient safety and development of collective strategies.
Anti-fat attitudes of Nutrition undergraduates in Brazil toward individuals with obesity
Authors: Alvarenga Marle dos Santos , Obara Angélica Almeida , Takeda Gabriela Akemi , Ferreira-Vivolo Sandra Roberta Gouvea
Published: February 2022

Abstract Obesity-related prejudice and discrimination may have a source in health professionals and students. The objective was to assess anti-fat attitudes among Brazilian nutrition undergraduates who reported demographic data, weight, height and responded the Antifat Attitudes Test (AFAT) and the Brazilian Silhouette Scales to assess body image satisfaction and perception. Total and subscales of AFAT scores were compared among categories using the Mann-Whitney U test. Associations of participants’ characteristics with the AFAT were analyzed using multiple linear regression. Total AFAT score was positively associated with male sex (ß: .13; p < .001), age (ß: .06; p < .001), educational institution outside capital (ß: .03; p < .05), private institutions (ß: .08; p < .001); and negatively associated with income (ß: -.05; p = .006), participants who perceived themselves with increased BMI (ß: -.15; p < .001) and those at the third year of course (ß: -.05; p = .041). Subscales scores were positively associated with male sex and age; and negatively associated with those who perceived themselves heavier. They have anti-fat attitudes especially if they were man, older, from private institutions, are at the beginning of the course, and have lower household income - and less weight bias if they perceived with increased BMI.
Socioeconomic inequalities in the access to health services: a population-based study in Southern Brazil
Authors: Wendt Andrea , Marmitt Luana Patrícia , Nunes Bruno P. , Dumith Samuel C. , Crochemore-Silva Inácio
Published: February 2022

Abstract This article aims to measure socioeconomic inequalities regarding access to health services, contact with health professionals, and specific health interventions. This was a cross-sectional population-based study with individuals aged 18 years or older, living in the city of Rio Grande. The outcomes were the following: Family Health Strategy (FHS) coverage; having a health insurance plan; receiving a visit of a community health worker; medical consultation; dental consultation; dietary counseling; having a class with a physical education professional; flu vaccination; mammography, cytopathological and prostate exams. Relative and absolute measures were used to assess inequalities in the distribution of the outcomes. There was a response rate of 91% (1,300 adults were interviewed). Coverage indicators ranged from 16.1%, for having a class with a physical education professional, to 80.0% for medical consultation. FHS coverage and visit of a community health agent presented higher proportions among the poorest while outcomes regarding contact with health professionals, screening exams and flu vaccine were more prevalent among richest group. We observed low coverage levels of access to health services and professionals in addition to marked socioeconomic inequalities.
Time trend estimation of food consumption in repeated studies with different versions of food questionnaire among Brazilian schoolchildren aged 7 to 11 years
Authors: Kupek Emil , Liberali Rafaela , Assis Maria Alice Altenburg de
Published: February 2022

Abstract Longitudinal study, whose objective was to evaluate of the time trend in food consumption across the 2002-2015 period in schoolchildren aged 7 to 11 years, covered five food surveys in Florianopolis, southern Brazil. Methodological differences across the surveys (typical vs. previous day food consumption, pen-and-paper versus computer screen presentation) and some known risk factors, were adjusted for statistically. Offset by maximum food/beverage consumption per day allowed comparability of a varying number of food components in a food group over survey years. Significant reduction in some healthy (fruits and animal proteins) and unhealthy diet markers (sodas, sugary drinks, sweets) was observed over the 2013-2015 period compared with the 2002 and 2007 data. Computer screen presentation of the food questionnaire systematically reduced the reporting frequency compared to the pen-and-paper presentation. Converting frequency reports into rates and using contrast analysis allowed time trend estimation based on food questionnaires with different presentation modes, varying number of items within food group over survey years, and variations in probabilistic sampling procedures.
Knowledge of health professionals about breastfeeding and factors that lead the weaning: a scoping review
Authors: Duarte Maysa Lannes , Dias Kairon Ribeiro , Ferreira Daniele Masterson Tavares Pereira , Fonseca-Gonçalves Andréa
Published: February 2022

Abstract This review evaluated the knowledge of health professionals (HP) about breastfeeding and factors that leading the weaning. A search was performed in four electronics databases and the grey literature. The search strategy included Mesh terms and synonyms. No language or date restrictions were adopted. Studies that evaluated the knowledge of HP about breastfeeding and weaning were considered eligible. The studies retrieved by the searches were evaluated by two independently examiners. From 1,417 studies retrieved, 35 were included. Many countries and professionals from different health areas were analyzed. No studies evaluated the dentists’ knowledge. Although the included HP know the benefits of breastfeeding for health, the length of breastfeeding recommended by the World Health Organization, exclusive or not, was not aligned with all professionals’ endorsement. Information about weaning is scarce; however, HP are mindful of the main potential causes of early weaning. The knowledge of HP is conflicting about breastfeeding and unusual about weaning. Furthermore, no studies were found that presented data on the knowledge of dentists on the subject. Thus, assessments of dentists’ knowledge and education measures for HP are necessary since they are frequently questioned about these issues.
Das amas de leite às mães órfãs: reflexões sobre o direito à maternidade no Brasil
Authors: Jorge Alzira de Oliveira , Pontes Monica Garcia , Carajá Adriana Fernandes , Reis Gabriela Maciel dos , Braga Luciana de Souza , Araújo Marcelo Grossi , Lansky Sonia , Feuerwerker Laura Camargo Macruz
Published: February 2022

Resumo O artigo aborda a retirada compulsória de filhos de mulheres em situação de vulnerabilidade no Brasil. Objetivou-se refletir sobre a violação do direito à maternidade; apresentar os limites impostos, especialmente às mulheres pobres, negras e indígenas e as estratégias de controle sobre sua vida e de seus filhos; e os movimentos de resistência que se contrapõem às segregações. Foram fontes da pesquisa: narrativas de mulheres em situação de vulnerabilidade, de familiares e trabalhadores da saúde; entrevistas com atores estratégicos; análise documental; diários de campo. Evidenciou-se que vulnerabilidades atreladas à criminalização da pobreza e ao preconceito racial têm justificado as separações. A desresponsabilização do Estado e da sociedade quanto à formação de uma rede de apoio às mulheres, a desvalorização de produções não hegemônicas de maternidades e o reforço de uma razão de mundo que produz a violência como ferramenta para exclusão vão conformando limites práticos quanto ao direito à maternidade. Mulheres e seus filhos são desconsiderados em suas singularidades. Os movimentos de resistência mostraram que diálogos intersetoriais são uma alternativa para superar discriminações e vulnerabilidades.
Feminicídios em municípios de fronteira no Brasil
Authors: Meneghel Stela Nazareth , Danilevicz Ian Meneghel , Polidoro Mauricio , Plentz Luiza Maria , Meneghetti Bruna Pereira
Published: February 2022

Resumo Estudo quantitativo que analisou as mortes de mulheres por agressão nos 122 municípios que fazem parte da linha de fronteira brasileira. As fronteiras são territórios de conquista, conflito e violência, e nos municípios de fronteira brasileiros há taxas elevadas de homicídios masculinos e femininos. O objetivo do estudo foi quantificar as mortes femininas por agressão nesses municípios e identificar fatores a elas associados. As mortes femininas por agressão, consideradas um indicador indireto dos feminicídios, foram o desfecho de uma análise multivariada utilizando o modelo de Poisson. No período de 2000 a 2015, ocorreram 1.384 mortes de mulheres por agressão, representando uma taxa média de 5,8/100.000 mulheres; dessas, 181 eram indígenas (13%). Observou-se o padrão de distribuição desses óbitos, que aconteceram predominantemente no Arco Central, em municípios maiores e onde há mais migrantes. Há uma heterogeneidade nas taxas de violência nos municípios que fazem parte da linha de fronteira, indicando um olhar atento aos locais mais populosos, com alta presença de migração e taxas elevadas de mortes femininas por agressão. Mas também se recomenda atentar para municípios pequenos em que houve mudança de padrão, com elevação abrupta no número de assassinatos de mulheres.
Casamento infantil no Brasil: uma análise da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde
Authors: Cardoso Andressa Souza , Valério Inaê Dutra , Ramos Camila Irigonhé , Machado Karla Pereira
Published: February 2022

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é caracterizar crianças e adolescentes que vivem em situação de casamento infantil utilizando dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2013. Estimou-se a prevalência de casamento infantil (de menores de 18 anos) de acordo com variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas e de saúde, de acordo com três categorias de idade (10-13; 14-15; 16-17 anos). Razões de prevalências (RP) foram estimadas por meio de regressão de Poisson. A prevalência geral de casamento infantil foi de 3,9% (n = 1.168); 254 (1,8%) apresentavam menos de 14 anos, 285 (3,8%) tinham entre 14 ou 15 anos e 629 (8,1%) de 16 a 17 anos. A maior probabilidade do evento foi observada no sexo feminino, nas faixas etárias 14 a 15 e 16 a 17 anos. Assim como nas crianças e adolescentes que não possuíam vínculo escolar (observada em todas as faixas etárias). Já os indivíduos que moravam junto de quatro pessoas tiveram menor probabilidade de estar em um casamento infantil nas faixas etárias de 14 a 15 e 16 a 17 anos, em relação aos que moravam com uma a duas pessoas. Este estudo discute as implicações dos achados para a prevenção do casamento infantil, focando nas desigualdades de gênero e no acesso a educação e serviços de saúde.
Atenção ao câncer de mama a partir da suspeita na atenção primária à saúde nos municípios de São Paulo e Campinas, Brasil
Authors: Castro Cristiane Pereira de , Sala Danila Cristina Paquier , Rosa Tereza Etsuko da Costa , Tanaka Oswaldo Yoshimi
Published: February 2022

Resumo Buscou-se identificar fatores que interferem na suspeita do câncer de mama (CM) pela atenção primária à saúde (APS) que impulsionam o encaminhamento para a atenção especializada (AE) nos municípios de São Paulo e Campinas. Foram entrevistadas 664 mulheres (353 paulistanas e 311 campineiras) diagnosticadas com CM, encaminhadas para AE pela APS. Utilizou-se a análise de regressão logística multinível para a identificação das associações entre a suspeita do CM pela APS, variáveis socioeconômicas e atenção ao câncer. Mostraram associação significativa: nível superior de escolaridade (RC = 0,59; IC 95% = 0,35-0,98); pagamento de consulta médica para atendimento relacionado ao câncer (RC = 0,59; IC 95% = 0,36-0,96), continuou atendimento na APS após início do tratamento na AE (RC = 0,62; IC 95% = 0,41-0,95); mama examinada na APS (ECM) antes do encaminhamento para a AE (RC = 1,61; IC 95% = 1,10-2,34) e primeira mamografia solicitada na APS (RC = 2,81; IC 95% = 1,95-4,00). A solicitação da mamografia e o ECM são ações que têm sido incorporadas na APS para a detecção precoce do CM nos municípios. Continuar o atendimento na APS e melhores condições socioeconômicas, como ter nível superior de escolaridade e capacidade de pagar por atendimento, reduzem a chance da suspeita.
Revisitando definições e naturezas da intersetorialidade: um ensaio teórico
Authors: Prado Nília Maria de Brito Lima , Aquino Rosana , Hartz Zulmira Maria de Araújo , Santos Hebert Luan Pereira Campos dos , Medina Maria Guadalupe
Published: February 2022

Resumo Este ensaio teórico aborda definições e características centrais das ações intersetoriais para a saúde. Tem como objetivo, portanto, refletir sobre o conhecimento produzido a respeito das concepções e da natureza das ações intersetoriais para a saúde. Para a construção das análises, realizou-se uma revisão integrativa a partir de publicações referentes ao período de 2000 a 2019 identificadas nas bases de dados Lilacs, SciELO, Web of Science e Science Direct. O corpus contemplou 12 artigos, sendo analisados os aspectos relacionados com a finalidade, o propósito ou o método da ação intersetorial, sendo possível traçar similaridades e contrastes entre as definições. Diante da opacidade na construção de definições, coube situar que existe uma construção sócio-histórica dos conceitos, mas as definições provisórias expressam certo borramento ou apagamento que se encontram em disputa no interior do campo da saúde e que podem direcionar a distintos pontos de vista e constituir barreiras para incluir a implementação das ações intersetoriais relacionadas à promoção da saúde nas práticas cotidianas. De tais reflexões derivaram um conjunto de proposições acerca das naturezas das ações intersetoriais para a saúde, com vistas a contribuir para o debate sobre a temática.
Sorghum hybrids grown in hydroponics contrast for phosphorus use efficiency
Authors: Silva K. J. , Santos C. V. , Menezes C. B. , de Sousa S. M.
Published: February 2022

Abstract Phosphorus (P) use efficiency is crucial for sorghum production. P acquisition efficiency is the most important component of P use efficiency. The early-stage evaluation of plant development is a useful tool for identifying P-efficient genotypes. This study aimed to identify sorghum hybrids that are efficient in P use efficiency and assess the genetic diversity among hybrids based on traits related to P acquisition efficiency. Thus, 38 sorghum hybrids and two inbred lines (checks) were evaluated under low and high P in a paper pouch system with nutrient solution. Biomass and root traits related to P efficiency were measured. There was no interaction between genotypes and P levels concerning all evaluated traits. The biomass and root traits, except root diameter, presented smaller means under low P than high P. Efficient and inefficient hybrids under each P level were identified. The genetic diversity assessment grouped these genotypes in different clusters. The hybrids AG1090, MSK326, AG1060, 1G100, AS 4639, DKB 540, and DKB 590 were superior under low-P and high-P. Hybrids SC121, 1236020 e 1167017 presented the lowest means than all other hybrids, under both conditions. The evaluated hybrids showed phenotypic diversity for traits related to P acquisition, such as root length and root surface area, which can be useful for establishing selection strategies for sorghum breeding programs and increasing P use efficiency.
Seasonal effect on phenolic content and antioxidant activity of young, mature and senescent leaves from Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis (Basellaceae)
Authors: Alba T. M. , Tessaro E. , Sobottka A. M.
Published: February 2022

Abstract Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis is a vine species native to Brazil that is considered an unconventional food plant and a medicinal species whose phenolic compounds exert antioxidant activity. Since the production of metabolites is determined by environmental factors and leaf maturity, it is important to track these changes in order to determine the best time to harvest. This study aimed to verify whether leaf phenology and seasonality cause variations in the amount of phenolic compounds and in the antioxidant activity of this species. The leaves were collected in different seasons between September 2018 and April 2019, and separated according to maturity: young, mature, and senescent. Daily atmospheric temperature and rainfall data were used to characterize the collection period. The total phenolic content (TPC), determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method, was significantly higher in the young leaves collected in winter, a season of lower temperatures. These leaves showed 54.4 mg of gallic acid equivalents per 100 g of dry matter (mg GAE 100 g-1DM). Other results averaged 25.6 mg GAE 100 g-1DM. The highest antioxidant activity, assessed via the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, regardless of leaf phenology, was observed in leaves harvested in autumn (73.7%) and winter (71.1%), seasons with lower rainfall. Leaves harvested in summer and spring had lower antioxidant action rates (54.3 e 37.5%, respectively). There was no significant correlation between the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Thus, the phenolic composition of A. cordifolia, and consequently its activity on free radicals, varies seasonally in response to temperature and rainfall, and may or may not interact with the age of the leaves.
Flutuação do desempenho acadêmico de alunos de medicina selecionados por políticas afirmativas (PIMESP)
Authors: Marcomini Neto Atílio , Fucuta Patrícia da Silva , Brienze Vânia Maria Sabadotto , Lima Alba Regina de Abreu , Brienze Sérgio Luís Aparecido , André Júlio César
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Introduction: Almost 20 years since the beginning of affirmative action implementation, there is still much discussion about the real effectiveness of these measures, especially regarding academic performance, comparing “quota holders” to “non-quota holders”, with doubts arising about whether the former can keep up with the latter. Objective: To establish a profile and compare the academic performance and other aspects related to the academic life of “quota holder” students (Inclusion Program with Merit in Public Higher Education in São Paulo - PIMESP) with the other students in their respective classes selected via broad competition (BC). Method: Retrospective cohort of 1st to 3rd-year medical students, divided in BC or PIMESP. The following were assessed: arithmetic mean of the final grades of the curricular subjects; final approval status (FAS) in the subjects; frequency; books borrowed from the library (BBLi) and participation in monitoring/academic center. Continuous variables were compared by Student’s t-test or Mann-Whitney test and categorical by chi-square or Fisher’s exact test. Values p < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Of the 237 students included in the sample, all had completed the 1st year (2015, 2016 and 2017 entrants), 158 students (2015 and 2016 entrants) the 1st and 2nd years, and 78 (32.9%) had completed the 3rd year (2015 entrants) at the time of the survey. In the analysis of all those who had completed the 1st year, where 16% were PIMESP, there was a difference in mean final grades and FAS, higher for BC students and no difference for attendance, BBLi, participation in monitoring and academic center. In the analysis of those who had completed the 2nd year, where 15.8% were PIMESP, there was no difference between any of the studied variables. The analysis of those who had completed the 3rd year, where 15.4% were PIMESP, once again showed difference between the averages of final grades and FAS, higher for BC students, but with a less marked difference, and there were no significant differences for the other variables. Conclusion: We observed a fluctuation of academic performance among PIMESP students, towards inferior outcomes, when compared to BC students, throughout the first three years of medical school, but not for other variables. No increase in the dropout rate was observed, contrary to what is found in the literature.
Fluctuation of academic performance of medical students selected by affirmative action policies (PIMESP)
Authors: Marcomini Neto Atílio , Fucuta Patrícia da Silva , Brienze Vânia Maria Sabadotto , Lima Alba Regina de Abreu , Brienze Sérgio Luís Aparecido , André Júlio César
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Introduction: Almost 20 years since the beginning of affirmative action implementation, there is still much discussion about the real effectiveness of these measures, especially regarding academic performance, comparing “quota holders” to “non-quota holders”, with doubts arising about whether the former can keep up with the latter. Objective: To establish a profile and compare the academic performance and other aspects related to the academic life of “quota holder” students (Inclusion Program with Merit in Public Higher Education in São Paulo - PIMESP) with the other students in their respective classes selected via broad competition (BC). Method: Retrospective cohort of 1st to 3rd-year medical students, divided in BC or PIMESP. The following were assessed: arithmetic mean of the final grades of the curricular subjects; final approval status (FAS) in the subjects; frequency; books borrowed from the library (BBLi) and participation in monitoring/academic center. Continuous variables were compared by Student’s t-test or Mann-Whitney test and categorical by chi-square or Fisher’s exact test. Values p < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Of the 237 students included in the sample, all had completed the 1st year (2015, 2016 and 2017 entrants), 158 students (2015 and 2016 entrants) the 1st and 2nd years, and 78 (32.9%) had completed the 3rd year (2015 entrants) at the time of the survey. In the analysis of all those who had completed the 1st year, where 16% were PIMESP, there was a difference in mean final grades and FAS, higher for BC students and no difference for attendance, BBLi, participation in monitoring and academic center. In the analysis of those who had completed the 2nd year, where 15.8% were PIMESP, there was no difference between any of the studied variables. The analysis of those who had completed the 3rd year, where 15.4% were PIMESP, once again showed difference between the averages of final grades and FAS, higher for BC students, but with a less marked difference, and there were no significant differences for the other variables. Conclusion: We observed a fluctuation of academic performance among PIMESP students, towards inferior outcomes, when compared to BC students, throughout the first three years of medical school, but not for other variables. No increase in the dropout rate was observed, contrary to what is found in the literature.
Cuidando de quem cuida: projeto de intervenção como estratégia de aprendizagem no internato em medicina
Authors: Gomes Ana Vitória Teixeira de Medeiros , Florentino Erika Denise de Vasconcelos , Oliveira Myrlla Soares de , Silva Thaiany Rego , Souza Jucimara Alves de
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Introduction: This work describes the experience of structuring a therapeutic group with informal caregivers who showed signs of overload and who worked providing care to bedridden people followed through home visits by the health team of the Family Health Strategy (FHS). Experience Report: The group was structured and developed by two students of the Internship period of the medical course during the rotation in Family and Community Medicine (FCM) together with the second-year resident physician of the Specialization Program in FCM, the preceptor of the Program, and the team nurse at the Josefa de Souza Silva school unit, Pedra Linda neighborhood, in Petrolina, state of Pernambuco, based on the identification of a problem in the community and as part of the intervention project. Discussion: Seven weekly meetings were held with twelve caregivers, from May to July 2019. Each meeting was divided into welcoming activities, presentation of the day’s proposal with the experience of a self-care practice and ended with the suggestion of a home activity, to be developed until the next meeting. For the development of activities, the community approach and resources such as Popular Education and Integrative and Complementary Practices in Health were used. Conclusion: The reduction of stress and overload on caregivers was observed, from the practice of self-care and the strengthening of support networks in the community. At the same time, the potential of the intervention project was perceived as a learning strategy in the process of medical training in the FHS: the students were able to experience the establishment of the doctor-patient relationship, the use of light technologies for care, the coordination of a therapeutic group, understanding the meaning of equity, integrality and longitudinality in the practice of FCM, recognizing themselves as caregivers and the importance of taking care of themselves to take care of others.
Tradução, adaptação transcultural para a língua portuguesa e validação do instrumento Undergraduate Clinical Education Environment Measure (Uceem)
Authors: Costa Milena da , Boller Christian , Zagonel Ivete Palmira Sanson
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Introduction: The educational environment for the clinical teaching of undergraduate medical and nursing students influences the students’ perception of significant aspects of satisfaction in the clinical learning environment. Objective: To transculturally adapt, with the concept, content and construct validity, the instrument “Undergraduate Clinical Education Environment Measure - UCEEM” into the Brazilian Portuguese language and validate the translated and adapted version; involving medical and nursing students, while experiencing clinical teaching during their undergraduate course. Method: This is a methodology study aimed at the translation, adaptation and transcultural validation process, which is divided into six steps, as proposed by Beaton. The steps consisted in the translation, translation synthesis, back-translation, proofreading by the experts committee, pre-testing and submission of the final version of the instrument to the author. Five bilingual translators participated in this process (three for the translation and two for the back-translation), as well as eight expert professionals who work as academic faculty and have Master’s and Doctoral degrees. The validation was carried out at two moments: the first one by using semantic, idiomatic, cultural and conceptual equivalence (pre-test), involving 30 medical and nursing students going through clinical teaching; and the second moment, the validation and assessment of the psychometric properties with 161 students from these same courses. Result: The transcultural adaptation carried out by eight expert professionals in this area was performed based on the experts’ considerations, in addition to the analysis and considerations of the researcher and author of the original instrument. The result of this phase led to the final version of this instrument in Brazilian Portuguese, which shows 26 items divided into two dimensions and four subscales that were maintained according to its original form. Following the filling out of the instrument by the nursing and medical students, the analysis of the Theory of Response revealed to be reliable, as determined by a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.917. According to Spearman’s correlation test, the results indicate a positive correlation between the questions. Conclusions: The Portuguese version of the UCEEM instrument showed to be adequate and useful to evaluate the satisfaction with the educational environment in clinical teaching according to the perception of medical and nursing students.
Translation, cross-cultural adaptation to the Portuguese language and validation of the Undergraduate Clinical Education Environment Measure Instrument (Uceem)
Authors: Costa Milena da , Boller Christian , Zagonel Ivete Palmira Sanson
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Introduction: The educational environment for the clinical teaching of undergraduate medical and nursing students influences the students’ perception of significant aspects of satisfaction in the clinical learning environment. Objective: To transculturally adapt, with the concept, content and construct validity, the instrument “Undergraduate Clinical Education Environment Measure - UCEEM” into the Brazilian Portuguese language and validate the translated and adapted version; involving medical and nursing students, while experiencing clinical teaching during their undergraduate course. Method: This is a methodology study aimed at the translation, adaptation and transcultural validation process, which is divided into six steps, as proposed by Beaton. The steps consisted in the translation, translation synthesis, back-translation, proofreading by the experts committee, pre-testing and submission of the final version of the instrument to the author. Five bilingual translators participated in this process (three for the translation and two for the back-translation), as well as eight expert professionals who work as academic faculty and have Master’s and Doctoral degrees. The validation was carried out at two moments: the first one by using semantic, idiomatic, cultural and conceptual equivalence (pre-test), involving 30 medical and nursing students going through clinical teaching; and the second moment, the validation and assessment of the psychometric properties with 161 students from these same courses. Result: The transcultural adaptation carried out by eight expert professionals in this area was performed based on the experts’ considerations, in addition to the analysis and considerations of the researcher and author of the original instrument. The result of this phase led to the final version of this instrument in Brazilian Portuguese, which shows 26 items divided into two dimensions and four subscales that were maintained according to its original form. Following the filling out of the instrument by the nursing and medical students, the analysis of the Theory of Response revealed to be reliable, as determined by a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.917. According to Spearman’s correlation test, the results indicate a positive correlation between the questions. Conclusions: The Portuguese version of the UCEEM instrument showed to be adequate and useful to evaluate the satisfaction with the educational environment in clinical teaching according to the perception of medical and nursing students.
Flipped classroom for learning clinical examination
Authors: Patriota Rodrigo de Lemos Soares , Frias Luísa Gonçalves de , Silton Guilherme Afonso Ferreira Coelho , Silva Marília Araújo da , Duque Taciana Barbosa , Lorena Suélem Barros de
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Introduction: Flipped Classroom (FC) is an Active Learning Methodology characterized by the sending of teaching materials to students in advance, so that the classroom moment is entirely dedicated to non-expository activities. The FC was implemented in 2019 for the teaching of Clinical Examination (CE) aimed at undergraduate medical students at a Higher Education Institution in the Northeast region of Brazil. Objective: To analyze the implementation of FC for CE learning compared to the mini-exposure methodology followed by practice. Method: Analysis of educational intervention with historical control over the implementation of the FC methodology carried out in three phases. In the first, the two tutors involved in the implementation or who acted as teachers were evaluated through a semi-structured interview about the FC implementation process and its initial operation. The second consisted in the assessment of 44 medical students, through a Likert questionnaire, on learning with the new methodology. The third consisted in evaluating the grades obtained by 66 students who experienced learning with FC in relation to 142 students who experienced the previous methodology. Result: The evaluated tutors knew little about the methodology before it was implemented and believe that its implementation promoted gains, such as students’ greater dedication to individual study. The initial difficulty arose from the creation of an extensive database of questions for the pre-test, which was carried out at the beginning of the in-person moments. The evaluated students reported being well adapted and agree with the benefits of FC, including: feeling stimulated to study, developing the practice more easily and the presence of pre-tests that help to improve individual study. The results of the comparison of grades showed a significant increase in performance when comparing students who experienced the FC (9,11 - SD 0,45) with those who experienced the previous methodology (8,49 - SD 0,91). Conclusion: The methodology was satisfactorily implemented, promoted gains in learning and optimized the in-person time to be entirely dedicated to practical learning.
Programa de estimulação no ambiente educacional para aprimoramento de habilidades subjacentes à leitura
Authors: Damasceno Esmeralda Sandra Santos , Sacaloski MARISA , Costa Mariana de Oliveira , Kida Adriana de Souza Batista , Avila Clara Regina Brandão de
Published: February 2022

RESUMO Objetivo elaborar e investigar o efeito de um programa de estimulação de habilidades cognitivo-linguísticas preditoras da decodificação leitora, orientado para a melhora das habilidades subjacentes à leitura. Métodos pesquisa prospectiva, de análise quantitativa. Participaram 124 crianças de 1º a 3º ano do Ensino Fundamental I de uma escola pública de São Paulo, distribuídas em: Grupo Pesquisa - 62 escolares que passaram por intervenção; Grupo Controle: 62 escolares que não receberam estimulação. Avaliaram-se individualmente (pré e pós-intervenção) parâmetros de fluência leitora (taxa e acurácia) em tarefa com palavras isoladas. O programa contou com tarefas destinadas a estimular a discriminação auditiva, conhecimento morfossintático, acesso fonológico ao léxico mental, consciência fonológica, conhecimento do código escrito, fluência leitora e o vocabulário visual de palavras e foi construído para aprimorar, em dez sessões de estimulação coletiva, a decodificação e reconhecimento automático de palavras. Resultados o Grupo Pesquisa apresentou maiores diferenças de acurácia e escore na leitura de palavras, quando comparados os resultados das avaliações pré e pós-intervenção com os do Grupo Controle. Conclusão: o programa promoveu a fluência leitora de escolares do 1º e 2º anos do Ensino Fundamental I. Incrementos significativos foram observados para a discriminação auditiva, consciência fonológica e automaticidade leitora, com variações em função do ano escolar.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE INTERNAL EROSION BEHAVIORS OF GRANULAR SOILS IN HORIZONTAL SEEPAGE
Authors: Liang Yue , Sun ZhiWei , Zhang Qiang
Published: February 2022

Internal erosion is one of the most common failure mechanisms in hydraulic structures. The internal erosion is generally initiated by horizontal seepage in earth-filled embankments such as levees. With a newly developed apparatus we carried out a set of internal erosion experiments in horizontal seepage. The experiments used gap-graded granular soil to prepare the specimens. The experimental results revealed that, in a horizontal column, the upper part of the specimen is preferentially eroded, sequentially forming a dominant seepage area. When the erosion progresses, the dominant seepage area gradually expands from the upper part to the lower part of the column. At the particle scale, the localized fine-particle movement can be observed in the erosion process when the hydraulic gradient is relatively small, e.g., less than 0.62. During the early stage of erosion, the particles are rapidly eroded. With the erosion time increasing, the particle loss slows down and even ceases if there is sufficient time.