bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspartyl Protease-Mediated Cleavage of BAG6 Is Necessary for Autophagy and Fungal Resistance in Plants
Authors: Li Yurong , Kabbage Mehdi , Liu Wende , Dickman Martin B.
Published: January 2016

The Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) family is an evolutionarily conserved group of cochaperones that modulate numerous cellular processes. Previously we found that Arabidopsis thaliana BAG6 is required for basal immunity against the fungal phytopathogen Botrytis cinerea. However, the mechanisms by which BAG6 controls immunity are obscure. Here, we address this important question by determining the molecular mechanisms responsible for BAG6-mediated basal resistance. We show that Arabidopsis BAG6 is cleaved in vivo in a caspase-1-like-dependent manner and via a combination of pull-downs, mass spectrometry, yeast two-hybrid assays, and chemical genomics, we demonstrate that BAG6 interacts with a C2 GRAM domain protein (BAGP1) and an aspartyl protease (APCB1), both of which are required for BAG6 processing. Furthermore, fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy established that BAG6 cleavage triggers autophagy in the host that coincides with disease resistance. Targeted inactivation of BAGP1 or APCB1 results in the blocking of BAG6 processing and loss of resistance. Mutation of the cleavage site blocks cleavage and inhibits autophagy in plants; disease resistance is also compromised. Taken together, these results identify a mechanism that couples an aspartyl protease with a molecular cochaperone to trigger autophagy and plant defense, providing a key link between fungal recognition and the induction of cell death and resistance.
Radio spectrum for the internet of things
Authors: Forge Simon
Published: January 2016

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to consider whether it is possible to identify the future spectrum bands most suitable for the Internet of Things (IoT) from the operating factors of a novel set of radio services for a very wide range of applications, as an aid to policy makers now facing decisions in this area.

Design/methodology/approach

The approach uses characteristics of spectrum bands against the applications’ requirements to focus on specific major traits that can be matched.

Findings

The main choice factors for spectrum are the practical application needs and the network cost model, and these are fairly useful as matching parameters. It is forecast that multiple bands will be needed and that these should be of a licence-exempt form to seed the unfettered innovation of IoT technologies and pre-empt the formation of significant market power by concerned interests.

Practical implications

The way in which spectrum is allocated today will need to be reconsidered, in the light of evolving IoT requirements, which will have increasing economic and social impacts. Policy recommendations for IoT spectrum demands are outlined, and key policy options to ensure a dynamic and trustworthy development of the IoT are put forward. For instance, regulatory barriers globally will need to be removed.

Originality/value

Current interests in the technical requirements of the IoT have not yet given a suitable analysis of the potential spectrum uses, because too often, it is assumed that previous models of spectrum allocation will continue in the future, without consideration of the economic pressures and social context.
Effects of ball bond diameter on wire bond reliability for automotive application
Authors: Peng Hui Yuen , Devarajan Mutharasu , Lee Teik Toon , Lacey David
Published: January 2016

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the reliability of wire bonds with three varying ball bond diameters, which are ball bonded with three different sizes of gold wires in light-emitting diode (LED) package under high-temperature environment. In automotive applications, “lifted ball bond” issue is a potential critical point for LED device reliability, as the wire bonds are usually stressed under high operating temperature during their lifetime. Moreover, the reliability of wire bonds in recent LED production has fallen under scrutiny due to the practice of reducing wire diameters to cut down production costs.

Design/methodology/approach

– Three gold wires with sizes of 2, 1.5 and 1 mm were ball bonded on the LED chip bond pad via thermosonic wire bonding method to produce three different ball bond diameters, that is, 140, 120 and 100 μm, respectively. The reliability of these wire bond samples was then studied by performing isothermal aging at 200°C for the time interval of 30, 100 and 500 hours. To validate hypotheses based on the experimental data, COMSOL Multiphysics simulation was also applied to study the thermal stress distribution of wire bond under an elevated temperature.

Findings

– Experimental results show that the interfacial adhesion of wire bond degrades significantly after aging at 200°C for 500 hours, and the rate of interfacial degradation was found to be more rapid in the wire bond with smaller ball bond diameter. Experimental results also show that ball bonds randomly elongate along an axis and deforms into elliptical shapes after isothermal aging, and ball bonds with smaller diameters develop more obvious elongations. This observation has not been reported in any previous studies. Simulation results show that higher thermal stress is induced in the wire bond with the decrease of ball bond diameter.

Practical implications

– The reliability study of this paper provides measurements and explanation on the effects of wire diameter downsizing in wire bonds for automotive application. This is applicable as a reliability reference for industries who intend to reduce their production costs. Other than that, the analysis method of thermal stresses using COMSOL Multiphysics simulations can be extended by other COMSOL Multiphysics users in the future.

Originality/value

– To resolve “lifted ball bond” issue, optimization of the bond pad surface quality and the wire bond parameter has been studied and reported in many studies, but the influence of ball bond diameter on wire bond reliability is rarely focused. Moreover, the observation of ball bonds randomly elongate and deform more into elliptical shape, and ball bond with smaller diameter has the highest elongation after isothermal aging also still has not been reported in any previous studies.
Biological processes in solar lentigo: insights brought by experimental models
Authors: Goorochurn Ranesha , Viennet Cécline , Granger Corinne , Fanian Ferial , Varin‐Blank Nadine , Roy Christine Le , Humbert Philippe
Published: January 2016

Common in ageing patient, the solar lentigo is a macular hyperpigmented skin lesion that results from chronic exposure to ultraviolet irradiations. Despite sharing numerous features with other pigmented spots, the diagnostic of this benign lesion is well characterized at the tissue level. Recent studies shed lights on several factors and their pathogenic mechanisms involved in the development of the solar lentigo. This review summarizes how diverse experimental approaches allowed the identification of several biomarkers, which contribute to a better understanding on the initiation and the maintenance of this pigmentary disorder.
Glutathione levels in plasma, saliva and gingival crevicular fluid after periodontal therapy in obese and normal weight individuals
Authors: Öngöz Dede F. , Bozkurt Doğan Ş. , Balli U. , Avci B. , Durmuşlar M. C. , Baratzade T.
Published: January 2016

Background and objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of obesity on reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH and GSSG) levels in the gingival crevicular fluid, plasma and saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis and to evaluate the changes after nonsurgical periodontal therapy.

Material and methods

The study included 60 patients: 30 patients with chronic periodontitis (15 obese patients and 15 normal weight patients) and 30 healthy control subjects (15 obese patients and 15 normal weight patients). Gingival crevicular fluid, plasma and saliva samples were collected, and clinical periodontal measurements were recorded at baseline and at the first month after periodontal therapy from patients with chronic periodontitis. GSH and GSSG levels were analyzed with spectrophotometry.

Results

The GSH levels in the plasma, saliva and gingival crevicular fluid in obese individuals with chronic periodontitis were lower than in normal weight individuals at baseline (p < 0.01). There was a significant difference in the GSH/GSSG ratio in plasma and gingival crevicular fluid between the obese and normal weight groups at baseline (p < 0.01). The GSH levels in plasma, gingival crevicular fluid and saliva were significantly increased in both chronic periodontitis groups after nonsurgical periodontal therapy (p < 0.01). A significant positive correlation was found between GSH levels in saliva, plasma and gingival crevicular fluid in all groups (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

The study revealed that obesity in patients with chronic periodontitis is associated with decreased GSH levels and the GSH/GSSG ratio. Moreover, nonsurgical periodontal therapy may be helpful for improvement in glutathione values in obese and normal weight individuals with chronic periodontitis.
A Sociology of Foreign Aid and the World Society
Authors: Swiss Liam
Published: January 2016

This article highlights an emerging research agenda for the study of foreign aid through a World Society theory lens. First, it briefly summarizes the social scientific literature on aid and sociologists' earlier contributions to this research. Next, it reviews the contours of world society research and the place of aid within this body of literature. Finally, it outlines three emergent threads of research on foreign aid that comprise a new research agenda for the sociology of foreign aid and its role in world society globalization.
Correlation of pressure sensitive adhesive performance to surface chemistry upon air exposure
Authors: Pacholski Michaeleen L. , Donkus Laura J. , White Jocelyn A.
Published: January 2016

A double-sided tape product was found to have unacceptable tack and peel on the solvent rubber side of the construction when tested several months after production. In the course of the investigation, using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, the authors determined that a glycerol rosin ester tackifier used in the pressure sensitive adhesive tape formulation oxidized at the surface of the adhesive when exposed to both oxygen (air) and moisture in less than 24 h, which corresponded with decreased pressure sensitive adhesive properties. After continued exposure, the authors were also able to detect migration of the tackifier to the surface by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, presumably from reestablishment of the equilibrium created by oxidation of the tackifier. The observed buildup of oxidized tackifier was the key cause of performance loss of the tape product.
Balancing hydropower and biodiversity in the Amazon, Congo, and Mekong
Authors: Winemiller K. O. , McIntyre P. B. , Castello L. , Fluet-Chouinard E. , Giarrizzo T. , Nam S. , Baird I. G. , Darwall W. , Lujan N. K. , Harrison I. , Stiassny M. L. J. , Silvano R. A. M. , Fitzgerald D. B. , Pelicice F. M. , Agostinho A. A. , Gomes L. C. , Albert J. S. , Baran E. , Petrere M. , Zarfl C. , Mulligan M. , Sullivan J. P. , Arantes C. C. , Sousa L. M. , Koning A. A. , Hoeinghaus D. J. , Sabaj M. , Lundberg J. G. , Armbruster J. , Thieme M. L. , Petry P. , Zuanon J. , Vilara G. Torrente , Snoeks J. , Ou C. , Rainboth W. , Pavanelli C. S. , Akama A. , Soesbergen A. van , Sáenz L.
Published: January 2016

Basin-scale planning is needed to minimize impacts in mega-diverse rivers
The Problem of Carbapenemase-Producing-Carbapenem-Resistant-Enterobacteriaceae Detection
Authors: Lutgring Joseph D. , Limbago Brandi M.
Published: January 2016

The emergence and spread of carbapenemase-producing carbapenem-resistant
Enterobacteriaceae
(CP-CRE) are a significant clinical and public health concern. Reliable detection of CP-CRE is the first step in combating this problem. There are both phenotypic and molecular methods available for CP-CRE detection. There is no single detection method that is ideal for all situations.
Use of spaced education to deliver a curriculum in quality, safety and value for postgraduate medical trainees: trainee satisfaction and knowledge
Authors: Bruckel Jeffrey , Carballo Victoria , Kalibatas Orinta , Soule Michael , Wynne Kathryn E , Ryan Megan P , Shaw Tim , Co John Patrick T
Published: January 2016

Purpose

Quality, patient safety and value are important topics for graduate medical education (GME). Spaced education delivers case-based content in a structured longitudinal experience. Use of spaced education to deliver quality and safety education in GME at an institutional level has not been previously evaluated.

Objectives

To implement a spaced education course in quality, safety and value; to assess learner satisfaction; and to describe trainee knowledge in these areas.

Methods

We developed a case-based spaced education course addressing learning objectives related to quality, safety and value. This course was offered to residents and fellows about two-thirds into the academic year (March 2014) and new trainees during orientation (June 2014). We assessed learner satisfaction by reviewing the course completion rate and a postcourse survey, and trainee knowledge by the per cent of correct responses.

Results

The course was offered to 1950 trainees. A total of 305 (15.6%) enrolled in the course; 265/305 (86.9%) answered at least one question, and 106/305 (34.8%) completed the course. Fewer participants completed the March programme compared with the orientation programme (42/177 (23.7%) vs 64/128 (50.0%), p<0.001). Completion rates differed by specialty, 80/199 (40.2%) in non-surgical specialties compared with 16/106 (24.5%) in surgical specialties (p=0.008). The proportion of questions answered correctly on the first attempt was 53.2% (95% CI 49.4% to 56.9%). Satisfaction among those completing the programme was high.

Conclusions

Spaced education can help deliver and assess learners' understanding of quality, safety and value principles. Offering a voluntary course may result in low completion. Learners were satisfied with their experience and were introduced to new concepts.
STEREOTYPIC BEHAVIORS IN BEARS
Authors: Shih Hao-Yu , Yu Jane-Fang , Wang Lih-Chiann
Published: January 2016

Confined bears are deprived of natural stimulus, such as large roaming domains, active foraging and enriched habitats, making them vulnerable to develop stereotypic behaviors. Motivation drives and neuro-pathological imbalance are the causes. Various stereotypic behavior types have been reported, including oral, head and locomotory related behaviors, and pacing are the most commonly seen. Stereotypic behavior level could be monitored using an observation-reporting system or fecal corticoid. Environmental and feeding enrichment are the proposed solutions; however, habituation could be developed. Parallel intermittent and consecutive environmental enrichment and unpredictable feeding schedule would be beneficial. Medication, especially long-term and low-dosage fluoxetine, was found to be effective in alleviating bear stereotypic behaviors.
Era of big data
Authors: Gumbus Andra , Grodzinsky Frances
Published: January 2016

We live in a world of data collection where organizations and marketers know our income, our credit rating and history, our love life, race, ethnicity, religion, interests, travel history and plans, hobbies, health concerns, spending habits and millions of other data points about our private lives. This data, mined for our behaviors, habits, likes and dislikes, is referred to as the "creep factor" of big data [1]. It is estimated that data generated worldwide will be 1.3 zettabytes (ZB) by 2016. The rise of computational power plus cheaper and faster devices to capture, collect, store and process data, translates into the "datafication" of society [4]. This paper will examine a side effect of datafication: discrimination.
Friends, robots, citizens?
Authors: Rainey Stephen
Published: January 2016

This paper asks whether and how an artefact, such as a robot, could be considered a citizen. In doing so, it approaches questions of political freedom and artefacts. Three key notions emerge in the discussion: discursivity, embodiment and recognition. Overall, discussion of robot citizenship raises technical, political and philosophical problems.

Whereas machine intelligence is hotly debated, machine citizenship is less so. However, much research and activity is underway that seeks to create robot companions, capable of meaningful and intimate relationships with humans. The EU flagship "Robot Companions for Citizens" project aims for "...an ecology of sentient machines that will help and assist humans in the broadest possible sense to support and sustain our welfare."

This is a broad and ambitious aim, with a goal of making artefacts that can have genuine relationships with humans. This being so, in order to avoid merely creating highly interactive automata, the status of the robot must be carefully considered. Without significant public freedoms, for instance, the notion of a robot 'friend' would be a dubious one -- as dubious as the notion of a 'willing slave', for instance. In a broad sense, these issues relate to the
politics
of robot kinship and sociality, perhaps specifically to civic epistemology. With a technological ideal of genuine human-artefactual kinship in the future, these political questions cannot be ignored. One approach to this problematic involves accounting for the robot citizen.
Right Homonymous Hemianopia: A Clinical Case Report of Schizencephaly
Authors: Neves Arminda , Carvalheira Fausto , Campos Joana , Alfaiate Pedro , Campos António , Castro Sousa João Paulo
Published: January 2016

Purpose: To report a case of a 56-year-old male with right homonymous hemianopia. Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of a case report based on information from clinical records, patient observation and analysis of complementary diagnostic tests. Results: An asymptomatic 56-year-old male presented to our hospital for a routine ophthalmic examination. The best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in the right eye (RE) and in the left eye (LE). Pupillary function, intraocular pressure, external segment examinations and slit-lamp biomicroscopy were normal, bilaterally. Fundoscopy showed a cup-to-disc (C/D) ratio in the RE of 0.3 and of 0.4 in the LE. Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography revealed thinning of the superior, temporal and nasal RNFL in the RE and thinning of the superior, inferior and temporal RNFL in the LE. Automated static perimetry showed right homonymous hemianopia. Brain computed tomography (CT) showed an open-lip schizencephaly with a significant reduction of the left brain parenchyma. Conclusions: Despite the large visual defect, the patient was unaware of it and had an active professional life. This is an interesting case because despite the extensive morphological abnormalities seen on brain CT there is a relatively small functional repercussion.
A Tortured Relic
Authors: Gauthier Brandon K.
Published: January 2016

Drawing on national and local news stories, newly declassified documents, u.s. prisoner of war (pow) memoirs, and popular films, this article argues that the legacy of the Korean War in the United States from 1953 to 1962 dramatically shaped how Americans imagined the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (dprk). It specifically examines how media portrayals of North Korean atrocities, the alleged misconduct of u.s. captives, and the relationship between the People’s Republic of China and the dprk affected public perceptions of “North Korea” as a subjective construct. The painful legacy of the Korean War, particularly the experience of u.s.pows, encouraged Americans to think of North Korea as an inherently violent foe and as part of a broader “Oriental Communist” enemy in the Cold War. When the experiences of u.s. soldiers contradicted these narratives, media sources often made distinctions between “North Koreans,” a repugnant racial and ideological “other,” and “north Koreans,” potential u.s. friends and allies.
Aesthetical tastes of academical and traditional costumes in academic processions
Authors: Essel Osuanyi Quaicoo , Kemevor Agbeyewornu Kofi
Published: January 2016

The article opens up fresh debate in aesthetical capacity of academic and Ghanaian traditional costumes in academic processions and sheds light on how the synergetic interaction of academic and traditional costumes spice up academic ceremonies in the University of Education, Winneba (UEW). Grounded in aesthetical balances, the study analyses the body of artistic ramifications in constructing academic pomposity, and signaling academic accomplishment and identities. Data gathered have been presented in simple narrative format. The researchers opted to offer visual interpretative account of the events—matriculation and congregation ceremonies, taking into account the symbolical essence and aesthetical dimensions of the academic and traditional costumes used in the ceremonies. Through participant observation and photographic evidences, the article delves into the aesthetical realms of academic costumes and its theatrical orchestrations in announcing visual identities of wearers. It posits that the construction of the visual iconographic identities through the use of both academic and traditional costuming in UEW is best understood in the Ghanaian conceptual and contextual cultural dialectic.
Mapuche Mnemonics
Authors: Gómez-Barris Macarena
Published: January 2016

This essay addresses how indigenous memory haunts the Chilean nation as a past-present index of unaccounted-for discursive and material violence. This extends far beyond the forty-year window of memories about state terror and leftist “dissident” activity, although as many labor historians have documented, the twentieth century has been filled with antilabor massacres. The term past-present indexes the continuum of colonization within a web of extractive capitalism that began in the 1500s and has persisted during the past forty years of neoliberalism until the present, an extractive capitalist complex that, despite shifts in its mode of production and representation, continues to unequally structure both relations between humans and relations between humans and other species. Yet, within the Chilean context, this web has been historically challenged by Mapuche, Pehuenche, and Huilliche peoples, not only in terms of militant push back but also importantly in the realm of an embodied archive of cultural memory. To understand Mapuche cultural memory, culture must be recognized not as epiphenomenal, or as secondary to processes of colonization, but as the location of innovation and engagement that produces social and sacred connections to the natural world. The essay explores two recent films that put Mapuche and Huilliche peoples at the center of visual memories, other socialities, and indigenous representation to argue that Southern Cone memory studies must take into account a longer arc of cultural memory in relation to colonial and state violence.
Memory
Authors: Stern Steve J.
Published: January 2016

Memory is a cultural code word of our times. It evokes the moral lesson of human rights—the idea of “never again” after state terror and misinformation. Its cultural potency in the 1990s and 2000s does not, however, solve a historical mystery. When, how, and why did “memory” emerge as a mobilizing language that symbolized the drive for truth, justice, and democracy? This essay traces, for the iconic case of Chile, the dialectics of street struggle and cognitive struggle during the Pinochet dictatorship of the 1970s and 1980s that turned memory into a strategic language for victim-survivors of state terror. Ironically, “memory” as a rallying cry for human rights that are unfulfilled but morally undeniable gained even more traction after democratic transition. New generations of social justice activists put their own stamp on what memory means, rather than abandoning memory as a language of moral and political struggle.
Spaces of entire functions represented by vector valued Dirichlet series of two complex variables
Authors: Sharma Archna , Srivastava G. S.
Published: January 2016

Let Y be the space of all entire functions f : ℂ2 → E defined by the vector valued Dirichlet series, where E is a complex Banach algebra with the unit element. We study various topologies defined on the space Y and characterize continuous linear transformations on Y.
A test for the slope in the functional measurement error model
Authors: Bruchlos Kai
Published: January 2016

There are two measurement error models in linear regression, the structural and the functional. Theoretical investigations and applications are concentrated on the structural model with jointly normally and identically distributed observations because there is no test for the slope in the functional model so far. This gap will be closed here for the model with one independent variable. Furthermore it is stated that the functional model is a natural extension of the classical linear regression model with one independent variable if there are errors of measurement in both variables. Moreover it is not postulated in the functional model that the expectations are equal. So the functional model is more realistic than the structural.
Ostrowski type inequalities for functions whose derivatives are h-convex in absolute value
Authors: Dragomir S. S.
Published: January 2016

Some new inequalities of Ostrowski type for functions whose derivatives are h-convex in modulus are given. Applications for midpoint inequalities are provided.
Ureteric obstruction secondary to a paraperitoneal inguinal hernia
Authors: Ahmed S , Stanford R
Published: January 2016

Ureteric obstruction is a rare consequence of inguinoscrotal hernias. We report the case of a 71-year-old man who presented with a left hemiscrotal swelling and ipsilateral hydronephrosis. Following investigations, he was found to have a sliding inguinal hernia involving the left ureter. His left inguinal hernia was repaired electively and without complication. Follow-up imaging revealed resolution of the hydronephrosis and a more conventional course of the left ureter.
Los nuevos medios inseminan la investigación en Comunicación
Authors: Tur Viñes Victoria
Published: January 2016

Dedicar la mirada investigadora a la infancia ha sido el objetivo del monográfico que incluye el primer número de Mediterránea en 2016. Las primeras edades suponen un acercamiento cuidadoso, peculiar, diferente y siempre desconcertante para cualquier investigador. Estudiar la infancia implica adaptar instrumentos, solicitar permisos adicionales a tutores o padres, escoger con acierto el lenguaje, conocer los protocolos éticos para la investigación con menores, considerar tiempos de respuesta distintos, estar al día de todas las novedades de mercado y programas, gestionar con habilidad las nuevas tecnologías o entender el lenguaje audiovisual más innovador. Un reto que han abordado, desde diferentes perspectivas, seis textos firmados por diez autores en el dossier monográfico coordinado por el Dr. José Antonio Ruiz San Román bajo el título “Infancia y Comunicación. Tendencias y demandas de investigación”.
Estrategias comunicativas de escritores españoles en Twitter
Authors: Gomes-Franco e Silva Flávia
Published: January 2016

El modelo comunicativo característico de la web 2.0 ha proporcionado nuevos escaparates institucionales, corporativos y personales basados en la interactividad derivada de las herramientas digitales de carácter social. En un entorno cambiante, es menester revisar las estrategias aplicadas a la autopromoción con el propósito de adaptarlas conforme a las posibilidades que ofrecen los canales interactivos. El presente estudio tiene por objeto el análisis de las principales estrategias de comunicación y marketing personal empleadas por los escritores españoles en Twitter. La metodología utilizada comprende un análisis sistemático cuantitativo de los perfiles de una muestra de reconocidos autores con el fin de identificar las principales tácticas empleadas por ellos en la mencionada red. Los resultados evidencian el interés del colectivo analizado por garantizar su presencia en la web social, incorporando a su rutina la práctica del microblogging. En esta dinámica, se percatan igualmente la construcción de una imagen y una marca personal más cercanas y transparentes que las que suelen ofrecer los canales tradicionales, incidiendo a menudo en los intereses personales de los escritores. Se observa asimismo una autopromoción que camina hacia la horizontalidad pese a que presente aún vestigios de la verticalidad propia de la comunicación tradicionalmente impuesta y unidireccional.
Crisis política y narrativas transmedia en las protestas de 2014 en Venezuela
Authors: Semova Dimitrina , Pernía Peñalver Noé Orlando
Published: January 2016

El presente trabajo forma parte de una investigación en curso sobre el surgimiento en Venezuela de los on-line espacios de autonomía que vienen alterando los regímenes de intercambio informativo. Las protestas civiles de 2014 sumaron evidencias a la disolución de las fronteras, cada vez más imprecisas, entre los medios clásicos de comunicación de masas y las plataformas digitales que han posibilitado el acceso directo de los usuarios a la mediasfera. Abordamos ejemplos que lo demuestran y aportamos elementos teóricos para una interpretación del fenómeno. El bloqueo informativo gubernamental es el eje que ha obligado a los nuevos infociudadanos a formar colectividades en red para construir las narraciones y modelos de lectura sobre el entorno crítico y sus fases de tensión.
Theban Administration in the Late Middle Kingdom
Authors: Ilin-Tomich Alexander
Published: January 2016

The survey of 210 Late Middle Kingdom sources attributable to Theban officials aims to define the highest offices of the local administration in order to describe local administrative structures, and to pinpoint the administrative titles that were predominantly used in the Theban administration, thus distancing it from the administration of the northern residence and other power centers of Late Middle Kingdom Egypt. The paper emphasizes the role of wḥmw “reporters” as top local officials at Thebes and in a number of other regions in the Late Middle Kingdom. The spellings of the word ḫnrt with in administrative titles is only characteristic of Upper Egypt. Among titles used predominantly in Theban and Upper Egyptian administration were ḫrp wsḫt “director of the broad court”, wr mḏw šmꜤw “chief of tens of Upper Egypt”, (sꜢb) rꜢ-nḫn “sab, mouth of Hierakonpolis”, smsw hꜢyt “elder of the portal”, ḥrj n tm “master of the tm”, sš n spꜢt “scribe of the nome”, jmj-ḫt sꜢ-prw “security official estate guard”, and nfw n pr-ḥḏ “treasury captain”.
Fragmentation and Decline in India’s State Assemblies
Authors: Jensenius Francesca Refsum , Suryanarayan Pavithra
Published: January 2016

Tracing activity in 15 Indian state assemblies from 1967 to 2007, we find that overall legislative activity declined but there was also considerable variation across states. States with large electoral constituencies and politically fragmented assemblies showed the worst performance, which suggests a link between political fragmentation and institutional performance.
Informing Automated Writing Evaluation Using the Lens of Genre: Two Studies
Authors: Burstein Jill , Elliot Norbert , Molloy Hillary
Published: January 2016

Genre serves as a useful lens to investigate the range of evidence derived from automated writing evaluation (AWE). To support construct-relevant systems used for writing instruction and assessment, two investigations were conducted that focused on post-secondary writing requirements and faculty perceptions of student writing proficiency. Survey research is described from a national study and a second site study at American University, a 4-year private university in Washington, DC, to illustrate writing requirements and perceptions of writing proficiency in school and workplace settings. A mixed-methods analysis of faculty focus groups in the site study afforded more detailed discussions that were used to understand student writing support needs. Through the lens of genre, study results illustrated how the role of AWE might be expanded and aligned with instruction in four-year post-secondary institutions.
Informationskompetence som medlæring. Konstruktivistiske og handlingsorienterede læringsforståelser mellem uddannelseslæring og informationssøgning.
Authors: Engerer Volkmar , Gudiksen Jens Kristian Dahlgaard
Published: January 2016

In this article we investigate different understandings of learning underlying the interpretation of students’ and researchers’ moves between learning in the university domain and learning processes, usually associated with information literacy, the latter including information managing activities like information seeking. We show that mainstream concepts like information need, “Anomalous State of Knowledge”, information seeking or topic inherit their learning theoretic background from a cognitive constructivist view on learning, dominating the understanding (and implementation) of learning in the domain of higher education. In order to construct a coherent understanding of disciplinary learning and information managing activities, cognitive constructivist assumptions on learning and the nature of information in learning processes are implicitly transferred to the domain of information literacy as well, establishing fields like generic or disciplinary information literacy. The application of cognitive constructivist assumptions on information literacy learning produces, in our opinion, an inadequate characterization of information related activities in the context of higher education, ignoring their unconscious, purely activity based character. In order to link information literacy as emergent, incidental learning to the typically formal and conscious contexts of disciplinary learning we propose a Critical Psychology framework, conceptualizing individual learning as a primarily activity based concept. This move makes the students’ and researchers’ shifts between the two domains understandable and allows reconstructing those movements as instantiations of coherent learning activities.
Identificações Coletivas e Gestão da Diversidade Étnico-Cultural: Dinâmicas Sociais Contrastantes entre Portugal e o Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Nuno
Published: January 2016

Neste artigo são utilizados os conceitos de identidade narrativa e configuração relacional para compreender as diferentes formas como os Estados organizam os reconhecimentos coletivos e as suas gramáticas institucionais. Usando a narrativa como ferramenta analítica procuramos mostrar como as identidades coletivas são construídas historicamente salientando simultaneamente a imbricação de narrativas de diversos níveis institucionais para legitimar as concepções coletivas de fronteiras identitárias. Metodologicamente, o texto se baseia em uma abordagem historicizante que se vale de fontes secundárias e de pesquisa de um corpus selecionado de documentos oficiais resultante de trabalho de campo em Portugal e no Brasil. Sugerimos que a comparação entre estes contextos permite perceber movimentos divergentes em matéria de concepção das adesões coletivas e dos seus significados em face do pluralismo cívico e étnico-cultural do Estado-nação contemporâneo.
Physical therapy performance in the rehabilitation of survivors of the Kiss nightclub tragedy: an experience report
Authors: Albuquerque Isabella Martins de , Trevisan Maria Elaine , Pasqualoto Adriane Schmidt , Prado Ana Lucia Cervi , Pereira Marisa Bastos , Badaró Ana Fátima Viero
Published: January 2016

Abstract Introduction : As a result of a fire in the Kiss nightclub that occurred in the city of Santa Maria - RS, 242 people were killed, of whom 235 died on the day of the episode, asphyxiated by the inhalation of toxic smoke. Approximately 1,000 more were injured. Objective : To report the experience of a group of physical therapists, professors at the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), in the rehabilitation of survivors of the fire, victims of burns and inhalation injury. Materials and methods : Quantitative and qualitative study, in which an evaluation protocol of physical functional ability was designed to identify rehabilitation needs. Results : Two hundred seventy patients (147 men, mean age 26.72 ± 9.5 years) were examined, of which approximately 70% had some type of clinical modification or functional impairment that indicated the need for rehabilitation. The most prevalent respiratory signs and symptoms were: dry or productive cough (59.2%); abnormal respiratory pace (11.4%); fatigue (35.92%); dyspnea (17.7%); and chest pain (16.6%). Neurological symptoms such as persistent headache (88.51%), memory loss (11.4%), and paresthesia (8.1%) were also reported. Musculoskeletal injuries (14.7%) and extensive burns (8.8%) were also observed. One hundred and eighty-nine patients were referred to outpatient physical therapy and, of these, 22 still remain at the Outpatient Physical Therapy Unit of the University Hospital of (HUSM). Conclusions : Despite the vast professional experience of this group of physical therapists, the situations experienced were unique and unprecedented, both professionally and personally, and reinforced the importance of joining forces within an emergency care unit, as well as the importance of comprehensive and multi-professional outpatient monitoring.
Dermatological aspects influencing the practice of physical activities by obese individuals
Authors: Purim Kátia Sheylla Malta , Titski Ana Cláudia Kapp , Leite Neiva
Published: January 2016

Abstract Objective : The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the major skin diseases affecting obese individuals and their influence on physical activity. Methods : Relevant articles were identified by systematically searching PubMed from 2000 to 2014, using the descriptors "skin diseases" and "obesity", "skin disease" and "obesity", "skin diseases" and "physical activity", "skin disease" and "physical activity". The PEDro Scale (in Brazilian Portuguese) was used to rate the methodological quality of the studies. Results : A total of 320 articles were examined in the first phase. In the end, 11 articles met the proposed criteria and were included for analysis in the systematic review. We investigated cutaneous manifestations of diseases and classified them according to their effects under 5 categories: metabolic (n = 10), aesthetic (n = 7), inflammatory (n = 6), mechanical (n = 5) and infectious (n = 3). The most frequent dermatoses among obese were acanthosis nigricans, acrochordon (skin tags), stretch marks, plantar keratodermia, intertrigo, bacterial and fungal infections. Acanthosis nigricans was found to be the most important metabolic implication of obesity. Conclusion : Although neglected, skin lesions are common in obesity and have implications for physical activity because they cause pain, discomfort, friction, infection, inflammation, embarrassment, limitation or difficulty of movement. Strategies to promote skin health may result in a better integration of physical activity into routine therapy and improve the quality of life of obese individuals.
Definitive Presurgical CAD/CAM-Guided Implant-Supported Crown in an Esthetic Area
Authors: Barros Vinicius de Magalhães , Costa Natália Rafaela de Assis , Martins Paulo Henrique Fonseca , Vasconcellos Walison Arthuso , Discacciati José Augusto César , Moreira Allyson Nogueira
Published: January 2016

This paper describes the digital workflow from cone beam computer tomography (CBCT) to the installation of a definitive presurgical zirconium individual crown in a 19-year-old woman requiring implant replacement of a maxillary right lateral incisor. The patient had agenesis of this tooth and had completed the orthodontic treatment. CBCT was conducted and diagnostic casts were digitized. Virtual planning was completed by defining a prosthetically driven implant and a stereolithographic surgical template was produced. Good adaptation of a stereolithographic surgical template was verified in the working cast. Implant and abutment were installed in this cast using a stereolithographic surgical template, and a CAD/CAM definitive zirconium crown was produced. Flapless computer-guided implant surgery was performed. The abutment was connected, and a definitive zirconium crown was cemented using resin cement. The digital workflow presented herein shows high accuracy for a virtually planned implant with flapless guided placement, allowing the successful delivery of a definitive presurgical zirconium single crown in an esthetic area in a single visit. The patient was revaluated after 1 year of function with an excellent outcome of the treatment.
Multidimensional profile of elderly participants of an influenza vaccination campaign
Authors: Tambara Darleni Rosa , Mallmann Danielli Gavião , Santos Naiana Oliveira dos , Pereira Fabiani Weiss , Hammerschmidt Karina Silveira de Almeida , Girondi Juliana Balbinot Reis
Published: January 2016

Objective : To describe the multidimensional profile of the living conditions of a group of elderly participants of an influenza vaccination campaign. Method : A cross-sectional study was performed, with data collection carried out between April and May 2010. A convenience sample of 225 elderly persons from 13 municipal health centers in Uruguaiana in the state of Rio Grande do Sul and vaccinated in the national influenza vaccination campaign was used. Subjects were interviewed using a structured script and statistical analysis of the data was performed. Results : Most elderly persons were female (62.2%), aged between 60 and 70 years (64.8%), married (40.4%), had a monthly income below the level of poverty (55.5%), used the Unified Health System (79.1%) and reported having good health (63.5%). Watching TV was one of the most common leisure activities. All the elderly women participants and 94.1% of the total sample were religious, with the catholic and evangelical faiths reported most frequently. Participants in the study described proper nutrition and a healthy lifestyle as being most likely to result in longevity. Family and health were among the most important factors in the life of the elderly individuals. Alcoholism, drugs, crime, violence, and political corruption were cited as the main problems for Brazil. All seniors were independent in basic and instrumental activities of daily living. Conclusion : Understanding the living conditions of the elderly assists healthcare professionals and supports the implementation and development of appropriate public policies for this population group.
Quality of life and the health status of elderly persons: a population-based study in the central sertão of Ceará
Authors: Pereira Déborah Santana , Nogueira Júlia Aparecida Devidé , Silva Carlos Antonio Bruno da
Published: January 2016

Introduction : Healthy aging and quality of life has become a major desire of contemporary society. Understanding the profile of this population will allow the creation of more appropriate policies and actions for the promotion of health and quality of life. Objective : To map aspects related to health and quality of life as perceived by elderly residents of the city of Canindé, in the central sertão region of the state of Ceará. Method : A quantitative, cross-sectional, household-based study was performed. From a population of 5,214 elderly persons, proportional stratified sampling resulted in a sample of 372 individuals. A characterization questionnaire addressing sociodemographic characteristics and health status and the abbreviated version of WHOQOL were used. SPSS version 16.0 was used for descriptive and inferential statistics, adopting a significance level of 5%. Results : Most elderly individuals were female, married, brown skinned, aged 60 to 69 years old, with an incomplete primary education and an income of up to one minimum wage. Most of the elderly persons had attended 1-3 consultations/admissions in the last 12 months, and reported a high prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, osteoporosis, anxiety and cardiovascular diseases, despite describing their health and quality of life as "good". In terms of quality of life, the psychological domain had the highest, and the environmental domain had the lowest mean score. Conclusions : The prevalent diseases/comorbidities belonged to the chronic non-communicable diseases group. The environmental domain negatively influenced overall quality of life, indicating the importance of environments that provide health promotion and quality of life for elderly people from rural regions.
Psychosocial impact of HIV/aids diagnosis on elderly persons receiving care from a public healthcare service
Authors: Silva Leandro César da , Felício Ezequiel Elias Azevedo Alves , Cassétte Júnia Brunelli , Soares Lissa Araújo , Morais Rhariany Alves de , Prado Thiago Santos , Guimarães Denise Alves
Published: January 2016

The current increase in the number of elderly people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) represents a major challenge to healthcare professionals, public policies and the general population, in terms of the need to discuss the role of sexuality and sexual practices in the aging process and the impact of these issues on health promotion for the elderly. The aim of the present study was to identify the psychosocial impact of HIV/Aids diagnosis on elderly persons receiving care in a public healthcare service, based on the perception of the individuals themselves. A qualitative research study of an exploratory nature was performed, based on individual semi-structured interviews with HIV-positive elderly patients, living in the mid-west macro-region of Minas Gerais. Analysis of the results suggested that, according to the 14 patients interviewed, HIV diagnosis involves changes in the way they relate to people; in self-care; in sexual practices; in the performance of daily activities and in the possibility of continuing to participate in social groups. The patients reported embarrassment, fear of rejection and discrimination, and experiences of isolation and facing prejudice. Based on the results, it can be concluded that most of the problems faced by older people are linked to socially constructed stigmas and stereotypes associated with the disease and the efforts made by such individuals to keep the diagnosis a secret.
Effect of different post-cure polymerization treatment on composite resin hardness
Authors: DIMER Ariani Rodrigues , AROSSI Guilherme Anziliero , SANTOS Leonardo Haerter dos , KAPPAUN Diego Rafael
Published: January 2016

Objective: To evaluate the influence of different additional polymerization methods on the microhardness of two direct composite resins. Methods: Direct Composite resins samples (Fill Magic and Opallis) and a Laboratory Composite Resin (Ceramage) were lightcured according to manufacturer instructions. Then, the direct resins were submitted to additional polymerization. Experimental groups were divided into (n = 5): group 1: Conventional Polymerization; group 2: Extra Light (80s); group 3: Autoclave; group 4: Laboratory Resin Ceramage. Vickers hardness test was carried out after a week of light-free storage in water, and results were subjected to ANOVA / Tukey statistical analysis. Results: Resin Lab Ceramage showed higher astatistically significant microhardness within all other resins in this study (p £ 0.05); Fill Magic showed no statistically significant difference between the groups tested compared to its control (p> 0.05); Opallis resin submitted to autoclave was the only method that showed a higher statistically significant difference compared to the control group (p £ 0.05). Conclusion: It concludes that hardness of a direct composite resin tested - Opallis - was increased by Autoclave post-cure polymerization, however, not enough to achieve the hardness of a laboratory composite. Furthermore, increasing lightcuring time does not produce a harder surface.