bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FIELD TESTS OF GLUED INSULATED RAIL JOINTS WITH USAGE OF SPECIAL PLASTIC AND STEEL FISHPLATES
Authors: Nemeth A. , Fischer S.
Published: July 2019

Purpose. The aim was to compare behavior of polymer-composite fishplated and control steel fishplated (type GTI and MTH-P) glued insulated rail joints in railway track. Methodology. After laboratory tests (shear tests of glue materials, 3-point-bending tests, axial pull tests), as well as field inspections, trial polymer-composite and control (steel) fishplated glued insulated rail joints were built into railway tracks with (almost) the same border conditions (rail profiles, cross section parameters, track condition, etc.). The authors summarize in this paper the results of field tests related to polymer-composite, as well as control (steel) fishplated glued insulated rail joints between 2015 and 2018 considering measured data of track geometry recording car and straightness tests. Findings. The investigation and diagnostics of experimental (fiber-glass reinforced fishplate) and control (steel fishplate) rail joints (straightness tests, track geometry recording car measurements) are in progress. Originality. The goal of the research is to investigate the application of this new type of glued insulated rail joint where the fishplates are manufactured at high pressure, regulated temperature, glass-fiber reinforced polymer composite plastic material. The usage of this kind of glued insulated rail joints is able to eliminate the electric fishplate circuit and early fatigue deflection and it can ensure the isolation of rails’ ends from each other by aspect of electric conductivity. Practical value. The polymer-composite fishplated glued-insulated rail joints and control steel fishplated rail joints were built into the No. 1 main railway line (Kelenföld-Hegyeshalom) in Hungary at three different railway stations. The accurate time could not be determined when the polymer-composite fishplated glued-insulated rail joints reach the end of their lifetime as the result of previous research. In this article the investigation of deterioration process of glued-insulated rail joints is demonstrated.
INTELLIGENT ROUTING IN THE NETWORK OF INFORMATION AND TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM OF RAILWAY TRANSPORT
Authors: Pakhomova V. M. , Skaballanovich T. I. , Bondareva V. S.
Published: July 2019

Purpose. At the present stage, the strategy of informatization of railway transport of Ukraine envisages the transition to a three-level management structure with the creation of a single information space, therefore one of the key tasks remains the organization of routing in the network of information and telecommunication system (ITS) of railway transport. In this regard, the purpose of the article is to develop a method for determining the routes in the network of information and telecommunication system of railway transport at the trunk level using neural network technology. Methodology. In order to determine the routes in the network of the information and telecommunication system of railway transport, which at present is working based on the technologies of the Ethernet family, one should create a neural model 21-1-45-21, to the input of which an array of delays on routers is supplied; as a result vector – build tags of communication channels to the routes. Findings. The optimal variant is the neural network of configuration 21-1-45-21 with a sigmoid activation function in a hidden layer and a linear activation function in the resulting layer, which is trained according to the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. The most quickly the neural network is being trained in the samples of different lengths, it is less susceptible to retraining, reaches the value of the mean square error of 0.2, and in the control sample determines the optimal path with a probability of 0.9, while the length of the training sample of 100 examples is sufficient. Originality. There were constructed the dependencies of mean square error and training time (number of epochs) of the neural network on the number of hidden neurons according to different learning algorithms: Levenberg-Marquardt; Bayesian Regularization; Scaled Conjugate Gradient on samples of different lengths. Practical value. The use of a multilayered neural model, to the entry of which the delay values of routers are supplied, will make it possible to determine the corresponding routes of transmission of control messages (minimum value graph) in the network of information and telecommunication system of railway transport at the trunk level in the real time.
INVESTIGATION OF FEATURES OF DUAL WEAR OF PADS IN BRAKE SYSTEM OF FREIGHT CARS
Authors: V. G. Ravlyuk
Published: July 2019

Purpose. This research is aimed at revealing features of dual wear of pads in the brake system of freight cars. Methodology. The complex of theoretical and operational research concerning the causes and consequences of dual wear of pads, as the most widespread one in the freight cars, was conducted. Using the theory of planning the experiment based on the collected statistical material an adapted mathematical modeling of the dual wear process was performed and negative factors were determined. The Mathcad software and STATISTIKA software application were used. Findings. A comparative analysis of various devices for the uniform wear of brake pads showed insufficient efficiency. It has been established that typical devices of uniform wear of brake shoes (up to 95%) are in damaged condition due to the effect of significant dynamic loads. Therefore, the shoes are bent, pressed with their upper edges to the wheel threads and when driving in trains without braking do harmful friction with the formation of double frictional wear of the working body of the shoes. It has been theoretically proved that in a hinged connection of a vertical lever with a brake beam king post a harmfully acting torque from the gravitational forces is formed, which becomes the main cause of the dual wear of the brake shoes. Kinetostatic analysis, taking into account the dynamic forces in the unsprung parts of the bogie, has allowed establishing the cause of dual wear and determining the possibility of eliminating the specified torque in the existing brake system. According to the R & D and the Ukrzaliznytsia`s order the operational tests on 10 gondola cars constructed by Kriukiv Railway Car Building Works were performed. They confirmed the results of the theoretical studies. Originality. For the first time, it was discovered, the research was initiated and the definition – the dual deterioration of brake pads was proposed. A mathematical regression model was developed for determining the main cause of dual wear of pads in a typical mechanical braking system of three-element bogies. It was adapted the mathematical approach to the planning of experiments with the construction of the corresponding schemes-models, which revealed the malignant moment of forces, bending the break beam on the pendulum suspensions until the upper edges of the brake pads will be pressed to the wheel thread. Practical value. The results of the research can be used in the design, modernization and operation of brake systems for both the operational fleet, as well as a new generation of three-element bogies.
Experimental investigation of eco-friendly concrete utilising waste glass
Authors: Khaloo Alireza , Mohammadhasani Mohammad , Faghihi Kamyar
Published: July 2019

Concrete is one of the main structural materials used in the world; hence, improvement of the concrete mix design with respect to variable issues and requirements is of great importance. Moreover, environmental issues and waste materials have become major concerns these days. In this study, to move towards a more sustainable and eco-friendly construction industry, recycled waste glasses were used as partial replacement for sand and gravel aggregates in concrete. Simultaneously, the effects of silica fume as cement replacement and property enhancer in the eco-friendly concrete mix were investigated. The results of the conducted experiments indicated that utilisation of glass aggregates in general results in strength reduction. However, at proportions of 40% glass replacing aggregates and 5% microsilica replacing cement, no strength reduction was observed compared with normal concrete. An increase in the substitution of natural aggregates with glass reduced the total water absorption: at a proportion of 60% aggregate replaced by glass, the water absorption was reduced by 74%. On the other hand, with the replacement of 10% of cement with microsilica, water absorption decreased up to 17%. The results also indicated that an increase in the dosage of glass to 60% decreased the volume of permeable pore space by 70%.
Energy pile group subjected to non-symmetrical cyclic thermal loading in centrifuge
Authors: Ng C. W. W. , Ma Q. J.
Published: July 2019

Floating energy pile groups subjected to thermal cycles have rarely been tested, resulting in a limited understanding of their performance at the serviceability state. Centrifuge modelling of an elevated 2 × 2 floating energy pile group with a rigid cap was conducted in saturated Toyoura sand. Under a constant vertical working load, only one of the piles within the group was applied ten two-way thermal cycles with an amplitude of 7°C. The results show that the energy pile group experienced a ratcheting accumulation of irreversible tilting at a reducing rate with continued cycles. The axial load sustained by the non-energy piles was observed to increase by about 30%.
Sliding stability analysis of a retaining wall constructed by soilbags
Authors: Fan K. , Liu S. H. , Cheng Y. P. , Wang Y.
Published: July 2019

Model tests were conducted to analyse the sliding stability of a retaining wall constructed by soilbags. The aim was to obtain an equation that calculates the active resultant earth pressure of sand acting on the wall in the ultimate state. Additionally, shear tests on multi-layers of vertically stacked soilbags were designed to investigate how the interlayer friction resistance varied with the height of the wall. The results show that the active earth pressure acting on the soilbag-constructed retaining wall in the ultimate state is non-linear, but it can be calculated from the force equilibrium of a differential element. The interlayer friction resistance of soilbags is found to be related to the shape of the sliding surface. Based on the obtained equation and the unique shear test results, the sliding stability of the retaining wall constructed by soilbags could be appropriately analysed.
Mathematical interpretation of delayed instability in viscous unsaturated soil
Authors: Chen Y. , Marinelli F. , Buscarnera G.
Published: July 2019

Fluid-infiltrated soils are vulnerable to wetting and often exhibit delayed deformation characterised by acceleration stages. In this paper, mathematical tools are developed to diagnose delayed failure in unsaturated materials subjected to saturation. For this purpose, stability criteria for saturated viscous soils are extended to account for hydraulic state variables (e.g. suction and water content), which may provoke an unexpected increase of the creep rate. A simple one-dimensional constitutive law is used to test the proposed theory and assess its capability to distinguish stable and unstable creep. Numerical simulations revealed that, although the mathematical conditions associated with a loss of stability resemble those of rate-independent models, high viscosity delays strain acceleration and accentuates suction dependence (i.e. drier states are less susceptible to tertiary creep than wetter states). Most importantly, the analyses indicate that a violation of the stability criteria is a precursor of sharp suction loss and consequent fluidisation.
Thermal effects of steel-fibre-reinforced reactive powder concrete at elevated temperatures
Authors: Li Haiyan , Hao Xianhui , Liu Yan , Wang Qiang
Published: July 2019

The focus of this work was the thermal properties (thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, specific heat capacity and linear expansion coefficient) of steel-fibre-reinforced reactive powder concrete (RPC) at elevated temperatures (20–900°C). The thermal properties of RPC, ordinary concrete and high-strength concrete were compared and analysed. The results showed that, with an increase in temperature, the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity first descended and then rose, while the linear expansion coefficient and specific heat capacity first increased and then decreased. By inputting the measured thermal parameters into finite-element software, the simulated temperature–time curves of RPC were obtained and compared with the measured curves. It was found that the two curves were basically consistent, so the measured thermal parameters were accurate and reliable and could be used in numerical simulation analysis of RPC structures under fire.
Bioactivity, cytocompatibility and effect of cells on degradation behavior of Mg–2Zn–2Gd alloy
Authors: Trivedi Pramanshu , Nune Krishna C
Published: July 2019

Magnesium (Mg) alloys are the most promising candidates to be next-generation biomaterials due to their ability to degrade biologically in the physiological environment. The authors elucidate here the structure–process–property relationship of a Mg–2Zn–2Gd alloy with enhanced mechanical behavior for retaining mechanical integrity during degradation. Furthermore, the authors studied the effect of the presence of cells (seeding density: 10 000 cells/cm2) on the degradation behavior. As-cast Mg–2Zn–2Gd alloy was subjected to heat treatment and multiaxial forging cycles, to produce different grain sizes. Microstructural and phase characterizations were carried out by using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Mechanical behavior as a function of grain size was studied through tensile tests. XRD and Fourier transform infrared analysis were carried out to test the bioactivity of the samples after immersion in simulated body fluid, to confirm the coating phases and degradation product. The samples coated with apatite using the biomimetic approach were used in degradation studies. Changes in pH were monitored at regular intervals. The study showed that the degradation rate was enhanced in the presence of cells due to the metabolic activities of the cells, which reduced the formation of a salt layer, resulting in increased charge transfer from the substrate to solution, which also led to a greater drop in pH in the presence of cells. The study also revealed that ultrafine-grained samples showed controlled degradation and enhanced cellular attachment, viability and higher fibronectin expressions in comparison with their coarse-grained counterparts.
Between-year variation in the effects of phosphorus deficiency in breeder cows grazing tropical pastures in northern Australia
Authors: Coates David B. , Dixon Rob M. , Mayer Robert J.
Published: July 2019

Breeder herd productivity can be severely reduced by dietary phosphorus (P) deficiency. The performance of small groups of P-deficient (Pdefic) or P-supplemented (Psupp) breeder cows was studied over 5 annual cycles while grazing C4 grass-Stylosanthes pastures at a site in the seasonally dry tropics of northern Australia. Soils contained c. 4 ppm of bicarbonate extractable P. Plasma inorganic P concentrations (PIP) during the wet season indicated that the Pdefic cows were deficient in P in 4 years and marginal in one year. Annual liveweight (LW) changes ranged widely between annual cycles from −71 to +13 kg in Pdefic cows and from +4 to +44 kg/head in Psupp cows. The LW responses to increased dietary P ranged from −9 to +115 kg, were greatest in years when LW losses by the Pdefic cows were greatest, and were associated with low-rainfall years. LW gains of calves suckling Psupp cows (mean 0.86 kg/d) tended to be higher (range 0.01–0.17 kg/d; mean 0.09 kg/d) than those of calves suckling Pdefic cows, but were significantly (P = 0.03) higher in only one year. Reconception appeared to be higher in Psupp than Pdefic cows during the 2 years of lower rainfall. Overall, the results indicated that responses to P supplementation by breeders grazing P-deficient pastures can vary widely between years. Therefore, the response in any one year may not reliably indicate responses in the longer term.
Enhanced germination performance of dormant seeds of Eragrostis tef in the presence of light
Authors: Tiryaki Iskender , Kaplan Sakir Anil
Published: July 2019

Lack of germination or low germination due to seed dormancy prevents successful crop establishment in several important plants. To determine the presence of innate seed dormancy and effects of stress-related plant hormones on germination performance of Teff (Eragrostis tef) seeds, we primed seeds in 1% KNO3 for 24 hours in dark conditions at 21 ± 0.5 ºC along with varying concentrations of chemicals known to influence seed germination, including: acetyl salicylic acid (ASA); methyl jasmonate (JA-Me); giberellic acid (GA3); and indole acetic acid (IAA). Primed seeds were incubated either in constant light (210 µM/m2/s) or in darkness at 21 ± 0.5 ºC. The results indicated that primingsignificantly improved final germination percentage (FGP) in both light (92.5%) and dark (89.4%) conditions compared with untreated seeds. The inclusion of plant hormones in the priming media generally had limited effects, except for 10 mM ASA (94.5%) and 100 mM GA3 (92.5%). ASA generally provided faster seed germination than seeds primed in 1% KNO3 only, while the other plant hormones had no effect on the time required for 50% of FGP in the dark. Priming had no significant effect on time span of germination in either light or dark incubation conditions. The results demonstrate that E. tef has light-inducible seed germination and about half of freshly harvested seeds can be dormant, which can be eliminated to some extent by priming seeds in 1% KNO3.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MENYIMAK DONGENG DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Nurani Riga Zahara , Nugraha Fajar , Sidik Geri Syahril
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Learning in the 21st century is inseparable from the influence of digital technology. Learning listening of fairy tale with conventional method (teachers read a fairy tale in front of the class) is no longer suitable to be applied for the students in this digital era, so that a new breakthrough in the use of learning media is needed. Learning listening of fairy tale by using an audio visual media can be one of alternatives used by teachers. Research used an audio visual media in learning listening of fairy tale was conducted in SDN 6 Singaparna. Research method used is descriptive qualitative method. The enthusiasm of students in learning listening of fairy tale by using audio visual media is better than learning listening of fairy tale read by the teacher. This is seen from the average score of listening ability of student’s fairy tales. The average listening ability of student’s fairy tale using audio visual media is 84,53, while the average listening ability of student’s fairy tale before the research  was 67,20. In addition to making the average listening ability of student’s fairy tale increased was by the use of audio visual media that also made students more active in the learning process. This is seen when the teacher asked a few questions when the fairy tale has been played, most students responded well to the questions given by the teacher. Abstrak: Pembelajaran di abad ke-21 ini tidak terlepas dari pengaruh teknologi digital. Pembelajaran menyimak dongeng dengan cara konvensional (guru membacakan dongeng di depan kelas) dirasa sudah tidak cocok lagi diterapkan pada siswa di era digital ini, sehingga diperlukan adanya terobosan baru dalam penggunaan media pembelajaran. Pembelajaran menyimak dongeng dengan menggunakan media audio visual dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif yang bisa digunakan oleh guru. Penelitian tentang penggunaan media audio visual dalam pembelajaran menyimak dongeng dilakukan di SDN 6 Singaparna. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif.  Antusiasme siswa dalam pembelajaran menyimak dongeng dengan menggunakan media audio visual lebih baik daripada pembelajaran menyimak dongeng yang dibacakan langsung oleh gurunya. Hal ini terlihat dari rata-rata kemampuan menyimak dongeng siswa. Rata-rata kemampuan menyimak dongeng siswa setelah menggunakan media audio visual adalah 84,53, sedangkan rata-rata kemampuan menyimak dongeng sebelumnya hanya 67,20. Selain membuat rata-rata kemampuan menyimak dongeng siswa meningkat, penggunaan media audio visual juga membuat siswa lebih aktif dalam proses pembelajaran. Hal ini terlihat saat guru mengajukan beberapa pertanyaan saat dongeng telah diputar, sebagian besar siswa merespon dengan baik pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang diberikan oleh guru.
INFLUENCE OF CONCRETE-PICTORIAL-ABSTRACT (CPA) APPROACH TOWARDS THE ENHANCEMENT OF MATHEMATICAL CONNECTION ABILITY OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Putri Hafiziani Eka , Misnarti Misnarti , Saptini Ria Dewi
Published: July 2019

Abstract:. The study aims to examine the influence of CPA learning approach towards the enhancement of mathematical connection ability of elementary school students. The present research is a quasi experiment using pretest and posttest design controls in Mathematics applied to 39 elementary school students in Purwakarta, West Java, Indonesia. The results of the study show that mathematical connection ability of elementary school students who were taught using CPA learning approach is enhanced than the elementary school students who were taught using conventional learning as a whole group of high and low achiever students according to their mathematical prior ability. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pendekatan pembelajaran CPA terhadap peningkatan kemampuan koneksi matematika siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan menggunakan kontrol desain pretest dan posttest dalam Matematika diterapkan kepada 39 siswa sekolah dasar di Purwakarta, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan koneksi matematika siswa sekolah dasar yang diajarkan menggunakan pendekatan pembelajaran CPA lebih meningkat daripada siswa sekolah dasar yang diajar menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional secara keseluruhan dalam kelompok siswa berprestasi tinggi dan rendah sesuai dengan kemampuan matematika mereka sebelumnya.
ANALISIS TEKNIK PENILAIAN SIKAP SOSIAL SISWA DALAM PENERAPAN KURIKULUM 2013 DI SDN 1 WATULIMO
Authors: Tiara Shintia Kandita , Sari Eka Yuliana
Published: July 2019

Abstrak: Kurikulum 2013 yang sudah mulai diujicobakan pada tahun ajaran 2013-2014 menuntut guru untuk melakukan penilaian pada semua aspek perkembangan. Aspek tersebut ialah aspek sikap, pengetahuan dan keterampilan. Penilaian ketiga aspek ini harus dilakukan oleh guru itu sendiri. Penilaian sikap siswa yang juga dianggap penting dalam pendidikan Kurikulum 2013  dibagi menjadi dua jenis penialaian, yaitu sikap spiritual dan sikap sosial. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana teknik penilaian sikap sosial siswa dalam penerapan Kurikulum 2013 di SDN 1 Watulimo Kecamatan Watulimo Kabupaten Trenggalek tahun ajaran 2017-2018. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data  observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumenter. Metode ini digunakan untuk memperoleh data teknik penilaian sikap sosial yang dilakukan oleh guru. Instrument yang digunakan berupa lembar observasi kegiatan pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh guru dan lembar wawancara dengan jawaban terbuka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga tahapan penilaian yang dilakukan oleh guru, yaitu tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan pelaporan penilaian sikap sosial siswa. Sesuai dengan buku panduan penilaian sikap sosial siswa Kurikulum 2013 disebutkan bahwa ada empat teknik penilaian sikap sosial yaitu obsrvasi, jurnal, penilaian antarteman dan penilaian diri. Pada sekolah yang diteliti ditemukan bahwa sekolah hanya menggunakan dua jenis teknik penilaian, yaitu observasi dan jurnal.Kata Kunci: Kurikulum 2013, Sikap Sosial, Teknik penilaian
THE EFFECT OF BRAIN BASED LEARNING MODEL ON STUDENT’S HIGH ORDER THINKING SKILLS
Authors: Yustitia Via , Wardani Imas Srinana , Juniarso Triman
Published: July 2019

Abstract: This research aims to determine differences in student’s high order thinking skills taught by brain based learning model with student’s high order thinking skills taught by direct learning model. The study was conducted through a quasi-experimental posttest design. The population of this study was students of the elementary school teacher education department of Adi Buana PGRI University of Surabaya, by using Random Sampling. The subjects are 80 students inclasses 2017-A and 2017-B. The data was collected by using test method. The data analyses were T test the difference of average, to examine the distinction of high order thinking skills between the brain based learning and direct learning class. The result of the study showed that score average of the student’s high order thinking skills in brain based learning classwere better than score average of of the student’s high order thinking skills in direct learning class.Keyword: Brain based learning, High order thinking skills Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa yang diajarkan oleh model pembelajaran berbasis otak dengan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa yang diajarkan oleh model pembelajaran langsung. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui desain posttest kuasi-eksperimental. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa jurusan pendidikan guru sekolah dasar Universitas Adi Buana PGRI Surabaya, dengan menggunakan Random Sampling. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 80 siswa yang mencakup 2017-A dan 2017-B. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode tes. Analisis data adalah uji T perbedaan rata-rata, untuk menguji perbedaan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi antara pembelajaran berbasis otak dan kelas pembelajaran langsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa skor rata-rata keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa di kelas pembelajaran berbasis otak lebih baik daripada skor rata-rata keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa di kelas pembelajaran langsung.Kata kunci: Pembelajaran Berbasis Otak, Keterampilan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi
PENGARUH STRATEGI RECIPROCAL TEACHING TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DALAM PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK KELAS V SD
Authors: Sundahry Sundahry , Fitria Yanti , Rakimahwati Rakimahwati
Published: July 2019

Abstract:. The basic criteria of integrated teaching are: teaching includes educational goals in which learners actively participate in the learning process, teaching begins with a theme relevant to the learner's life, learners engage in learning and active thinking processes to practice critical thinking skills. Critical thinking skill is an activity of thinking about an idea or idea related to a given concept or a presented problem. Critical thinking is also understood as the activity of analyzing ideas or ideas in a more specific way, distinguishing them sharply, choosing, identifying, studying, and developing them in a more perfect direction. The purpose of this study was to investigate: the influence of reciprocal teaching strategies on the critical thinking skills of learners. This research is a quasi experimental type research. The population is all students in SD Nanggalo Tarusan Pesisir Selatan and the samples are students of VA and VB class as many as 50 people. This sampling technique is porpusive sampling. Data from the research results obtained from critical thinking skills tests. The results showed that the critical thinking skills of learners who were given a reciprocal teaching strategy were higher than conventional learning. Keyword: Reciprocal teaching, Critical Thinking Skill, Thematic Abstrak: Kriteria mendasar tentang pengajaran terintegrasi antara lain; pengajaran meliputi tujuan pendidikan dalam hal peserta didik secara aktif berpartisipasi dalam proses belajar, pengajaran dimulai dari suatu tema yang relevan dengan kehidupan peserta didik, peserta didik terlibat dalam proses belajar dan berpikir aktif untuk melatih keterampilan berpikir kritis. Keterampilan berpikir kritis adalah suatu kegiatan cara berpikir tentang ide atau gagasan yang berhubungan dengan konsep yang diberikan atau masalah yang dipaparkan. Berpikir kritis juga dipahami sebagai kegiatan menganalisis idea atau gagasan ke arah yang lebih spesifik, membedakannya secara tajam, memilih, mengidentifikasi, mengkaji, dan mengembangkannya ke arah yang lebih sempurna. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menyelidiki: pengaruh strategi reciprocal teaching terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian jenis quasi eksperimen. Populasinya adalah seluruh peserta didik di SD Nanggalo Tarusan Pesisir Selatan dan sampelnya adalah peserta didik kelas VA dan VB sebanyak 50 orang. Teknik pengeambilan sampel ini porpusive sampling. Data dari hasil penelitian diperoleh dari tes keterampilan berpikir kritis. Hasil penelitian menunujukan bahwa keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik yang diberi strategi reciprocal teaching lebih tinggi dibandingkan pembelajaran konvesional.Kata Kunci: Reciprocal teaching, Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis, Tematik
REVITALISASI KEMAMPUAN REFLEKSI MAHASISWA CALON GURU MELALUI PENULISAN JURNAL PERKULIAHAN PPKN
Authors: Abdillah Fauzi
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Reflective Skills of pre-service teacher education students, which when examined in a three-component lens of Civics, namely Civic Knowledge, Skills Civic, and Civic dispositions which would have a very close relationship, there is demonstrated by evidence that encouraging, even to the level of the students and even teachers in the field. Thus, efforts to increase the reflective abilities of students does not meet these expectations, need to be implemented and measured scientifically. With the aim of seeing the process, the response and the effect of the use of journal writing lectures on Civic and Pancasila Education (PPKn), this research will be done by using a mix methods with exploratory research approach. From the research it can be concluded that there is a development of reflective abilities of students. The response of the students showed enthusiasm and motivated them to develop their understanding and skills as a prospective teacher. The study recommends to utilize Class Journal as well as media and learning strategies of innovation in lectures.Keyword: Reflective, Civic Education, Pre-service Teacher Education Students Abstrak: Kemampuan reflektif mahasiswa calon guru, yang bila diteropong dalam lensa tiga komponen PKn, yakni Civic Knowledge, Civic Skills, dan Civic Dispositions yang tentu memiliki keterkaitan sangat erat ini, belum memperlihatkan bukti yang menggembirakan, bahkan untuk level mahasiswa bahkan guru di lapangan. Maka, usaha peningkatan kemampuan reflektif mahasiswa yang belum sesuai harapan tersebut perlu untuk dilaksanakan dan diukur secara ilmiah. Dengan tujuan melihat proses, respon dan pengaruh pemanfaatan penulisan jurnal perkuliahan pada mata kuliah PPKn, penelitian ini akan ditempuh dengan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian campuran tipe exploratory. Dari hasil penelitian maka bisa disimpulkan bahwa terjadi perkembangan kemampuan reflektif mahasiswa. Respon dari mahasiswa memperlihatkan antusiasme dan termotivasinya mereka dalam mengembangkan pemahaman dan keterampilan mereka sebagai seorang calon guru. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan untuk memanfaatkan Jurnal Perkuliahan sebagai media dan strategi pembelajaran sekaligus inovasi dalam perkuliahan.Kata Kunci: Reflektif, PPKn, Mahasiswa Calon Guru
PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER GUNA MENANGGULANGI DEKADENSI MORAL YANG TERJADI PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Cahyo Edo Dwi
Published: July 2019

Abstract: The problem which occur in Indonesia is strongly related with level of society morality and education field particularly in elementary school is one of contributor of this problem, started from robbing, bullying, sexual harassment, even violence act which cause the death.  This matter is tendency of moral decadence which occur in Indonesian youth.  There are ten indication of moral decadences tendency in students which is deserved to get attention and action from various people in order the change happen toward the better.   To overcome that problem, character education is one way or means to improve student’s moral particularly in elementary school.  Constitution or Ministry Regulation and President Instruction also discuss about character education which is should be taught and modeled. In implementing character education, guidance or principle is needed in order that character education can work effective. In addition, the method and model which are used in teaching character education need to be noticed.Keywords: Character Education, Moral Decadence Abstrak: Problematika yang terjadi di Indonesia sangat berhubungan erat dengan tingkat moralitas masyarakat, dunia pendidikan khususnya di sekolah dasar merupakan salah satu penyumbang dari problematika tersebut, mulai dari pencurian, bullying, pencabulan, bahkan sampai tindak kekerasan yang mengakibatkan kematian. Hal tersebut merupakan gejala dari dekadensi moral yang terjadi pada generasi muda Indonesia. Ada sepuluh indikasi gejala dekadensi moral pada peserta didik yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian serta tindakan dari berbagai pihak agar terjadi perubahan ke arah yang lebih baik. Guna menanggulangi permasalahan tersebut pendidikan karakter merupakan salah satu cara atau sarana untuk memperbaiki moral siswa khususnya di sekolah dasar. Adapun dalam Undang-undang dan Peraturan Menteri serta Instruksi Presiden (Inpres) juga membahas mengenai pendidikan karakter yang harus di ajarkan dan diteladankan. Dalam melaksanakan pendidikan karakter diperlukan suatu petunjuk atau prinsip agar pendidikan karakter dapat berjalan efektif. Selain itu perlu juga memperhatikan metode serta model yang digunakan dalam mengajarkan pendidikan karakter.Kata kunci: Pendidikan Karakter, Dekadensi Moral
PENERAPAN PERMAINAN BAHASA (KATARSIS) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA SISWA KELAS IVA SD NEGERI 01 METRO PUSAT
Authors: Ahmad Arifin
Published: July 2019

Abstract:. Learning to read Bahasa Indonesia at grade IV A SD Negeri 01 Metro Pusat in the implementation still dominate by teachers with Lecture Methods (teacher centered) so the learning process is not optimal, so the students are less interested and not giving attention. This study aims to improve reading skills through the application of language games (catharsis) at grade IV A SD Negeri 01 Metro Pusat. The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive through the test and reading skill assessment sheet. Data analysis techniques used are qualitative and quantitative analysis. The result of data analysis explain that the students reading skill on cycle I (74,42%), cycle II (83,72%), increased by 9,3% and on cycle III become (90,70%) so that it increased by 6,98 %.Keywords: skill, reading, language game (catharsis). Abstrak: Pembelajaran membaca bahasa Indonesia di kelas IVA SD Negeri 01 Metro Pusat dalam pelaksanaannya guru masih mendominasi dengan metode ceramah (teacher centered) sehingga proses pembelajarannya belum optimal, akibatnya siswa kurang tertarik dan kurang memperhatikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan membaca melalui penerapan permainan bahasa (katarsis) di kelas IVA SD Negeri 01 Metro Pusat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kualitatif melalui lembar tes, dan lembar penilaian keterampilan membaca. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif dan analisis kuantitatif. Hasil analisis data diperoleh keterampilan membaca siswa pada siklus I (74,42%), siklus II (83,72%), mengalami peningkatan sebesar 9,3% dan siklus III menjadi (90,70%) sehingga mengalami peningkatan sebesar 6,98%.Kata kunci: keterampilan, membaca, permainan bahasa (katarsis).
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR TEMATIK DALAM IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM 2013 KELAS 1 SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Octaviani Srikandi
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Curriculum 2013 emphasizes the implementation of a thematic approach. This research was carried out considering the necessity of teachers to implement thematic learning model based on the curriculum in 2013 taking into account the importance of the application of the thematic learning in elementary schools. This research produces thematic instructional materials theme natural events valid and effective. Expansion of early draft thematic teaching materials validated by four experts. The evaluation of the teaching materials thematic theme natural events specified valid, suggestions and feedback used to revise the draft. The results of test calculations show the individual completeness tcount (6.70) > ttable (1.71) means that the learner achieved mastery learning with a minimum value of 72 standards, classical completeness reach 91.6% > 75% standard set classical completeness, and the results of comparative tests is post-test > pre-test mean value, meaning that a change in the learning achievement of learners towards better after using the activity book.Keywords: Development, Learning Material, Thematic, Curriculum 2013, activity book  Abstrak: Kurikulum 2013 menekankan pembelajaran dengan pendekatan tematik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mengingat keharusan guru melaksanakan model pembelajaran tematik yang benar berdasarkan kurikulum 2013 dengan mempertimbangkan pentingnya penerapan model pembelajaran tematik di sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menghasilkan bahan ajar tematik tema peristiwa alam yang valid dan efektif. Pengembangan draft awal bahan ajar tematik divalidasi oleh empat orang ahli. Hasil penilaian ahli terhadap bahan ajar tematik tema peristiwa alam dinyatakan valid, saran dan masukan ahli digunakan untuk merevisi draft. Draft 2 kemudian diuji coba keefektifannya. Hasil perhitungan uji ketuntasan individual menunjukkan bahwa nilai thitung (6,70) > ttabel (1,71) artinya peserta didik telah mencapai ketuntasan belajar dengan standar minimal nilai 72, ketuntasan klasikal mencapai 91,6% > 75% standar ketuntasan klasikal yang ditetapkan, dan hasil uji banding dimana nilai mean post-test > nilai mean pre-test, artinya bahwa terjadi perubahan prestasi belajar peserta didik ke arah yang lebih baik setelah menggunakan activity book. Kata Kunci: Pengembangan, Bahan Ajar, Tematik, Kurikulum 2013, activity book
Specificity of the Cognitive Status of Students with Hearing Impairment: Implications for Inclusive Education
Authors: Krivonogova K.D. , Razumnikova O.M.
Published: July 2019

Specificity of intelligence, attention and memory were studied in students with hearing impairment (26 individuals). This group shown less indicators of verbal intelligence and speed of selection of visually presented information as compared to the normal hearing group (28 individuals). Higher index of figurative and spatial intelligence, comparing to the verbal component of intelligence in the group with hearing impairments indicate the development of compensatory effect in visual functions. The smaller effect of proactive interference with a greater time of executive control in students with hearing impairments compared with the control group indicates a lack of development of the inhibitory functions of the prefrontal cortex.
For the anniversary of T.A. Basilova
Authors: Khokhlova A.Y. , Kurtanova Y.E.
Published: July 2019

Professor of the Department of Special Psychology and Rehabilitation Tatiana Alexandrovna Basilova celebrates the anniversary. Tatyana Alexandrovna was at the origins of the Faculty of Clinical and Special Psychology, more than 15 years she was the head of the Department of Special Psychology, she shared her professional experience with students and colleagues, under her leadership, dozens of scientific works were defended. Tatiana Alexandrovna is a highly professional specialist with extensive experience of work with children with multiple disabilities. We wish Tatiana Alexandrovna good health, happiness, inexhaustible energy, creative success and scientific discoveries, sincere support from students, undergraduates and colleagues!
AN ACTIVITY TO INCREASE ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT AWARENESS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHER CANDIDATES: EDUCATIONAL DRAMA
Authors: Karakaş Hamdi
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of educational drama practices on the ecological footprint awareness of the primary school teachers. In this research, pre-post test single-group quasi-experimental design was used and Ecological Footprint Scale was applied as pre-test and post-test to measure the ecological footprint awareness of primary teacher candidates before and after educational drama practices. Primary school teacher candidates conducted research on environmental issues for ten weeks, wrote a scenario about these issues, staged and watched their scenario. As a result of the study, it was found that the difference between the average scores of the ecological footprint awareness before and after the educational drama studies and the difference between the mean scores of all sub-dimensions were statistically significant (p<0.05). The difference between the average scores is calculated as a big effect[ή2] and it was interpreted that educational drama studies increased the ecological footprint awareness of primary school teacher candidates with a great effect and their sub-dimensions with a medium and large effect. The learner center, which can be used in educational processes, can be effective in providing different activities, information and can enable the acquisition of different behavior and habits with active participation.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TEACHERS’ CONTINUOUS PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EDUCATIONAL QUALITY: PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN FAGITA LEKOMA WOREDA, AWI ZONE, AMHARA REGION, ETHIOPIA IN FOCUS
Authors: Melesse Solomon , Gulie Kassa
Published: July 2019

This study examined the extent to which Primary Schools of Fagita Lekoma Woreda implement teachers’ CPD and its impact to quality in education. Data were collected from teachers, school principals, and woreda education office supervisors. Questionnaire and interview were used as the data gathering tools of the study. The quantitative data was analyzed using percentage and one sample t-test. The qualitative data was analyzed via thematic description. The findings confirmed that the respondents’ level of agreement regarding the implementation of teachers’ CPD was found significantly greater than the expected mean (3) in some parameters of the implementation of CPD (e.g., teachers' access to new ideas (3.48), teachers' state of sharing experiences (3.44), and teachers' professional interaction (3.48)). But, there was no significant difference between the expected mean (3) and the calculated means of the other parameters (e.g., attention given for teachers true learning (3.15), focus on staff professional development (3.10), pursuit for improved teaching and learning (3.06), teachers' engagement into continuous professional development (3.31), the match between professional development provision and professional needs (3.08), conceptualization of professional development (2.92), being insensitive of matching of staff development opportunities to individual concerns (2.75), effort made to relate learning experiences to work place conditions (2.88), and teachers’ engagement into professional development that promotes inquiry, creativity, and innovation (3.04)). The aggregate calculated mean value of extent of CPD implementation (3.14) also showed insignificant difference from the expected mean (3). Moreover, it was confirmed that there was no significant difference between the expected mean and the calculated means of all the parameters of the impact of CPD implementation on quality in education of primary schools of the woreda. Having considered the above major findings, relevant recommendations were forwarded in the recommendation section of this article.
Identificação das Espécies Comercializadas como “Espinheira-Santa” em Comércios Populares do Grande Rio e Baixada Fluminense – RJ, Brasil
Authors: Caldas Diana Kelly Dias , De Matos Wellington Rodrigues
Published: July 2019

Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reissek é conhecida, popularmente, como "Espinheira-santa", pertence à família Celastraceae, e é encontrada predominantemente na Região Sul do Brasil. Tradicionalmente é utilizada pela população por possuir eficientes propriedades farmacológicas contra afecções gástricas e várias outras enfermidades. Há uma acentuada semelhança morfológica entre outras espécies de Maytenus Mol. e outras taxas como Zollernia ilicifolia (Brong.) Vogel (Fabaceae) e Sorocea bonplandii (Baill.) W.C. Burger & Lanj. & Wess. Boer (Moraceae), principalmente, por apresentarem folhas coriáceas, com margens espinescentes, levando-as a serem confundidas e comercializadas erroneamente em mercados populares de ervas medicinais. Foram adquiridas amostras comerciais de 11 pontos de venda, nos municípios do Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias, Pavuna e Nova Iguaçu, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Observou-se que todas as amostras avaliadas pertencem ao gênero Sorocea A. St.-Hil. (Moraceae). Este resultado aponta para a necessidade de certificação desse tipo de produto. Palavras-chave: Maytenus ilicifolia. Plantas Medicinais. Afecções Gástricas. AbstractMaytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reissek is popularly known as "Espinheira-santa". This specie belongs to the Celastraceae family and it’s found predominantly in southern Brazil. The traditional use of this plant by local people is mainly due to its efficient pharmacological properties against stomach disorders and many other diseases. There is a morphological similarity on the leathery leaves with spiny margins between Maytenus ilicifolia  and other species Maytenus Mol. and other taxa such as Zollernia ilicifolia (Brong.) Vogel (Fabaceae) and Sorocea bonplandii (Baill.) WC Burger & Lanj. & Wess. Boer (Moraceae).  This similarity has caused confusion  and sold mistankenly in popular markets of medicinal herbs. Commercial samples from  11 stores were purchased in the cities of  Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias, Pavuna and Nova Iguaçu, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It was  observed that all samples belong to the genus Sorocea A. St.-Hil. (Moraceae). This result points to the need for certification of this type of product. Keywords: Celastraceae Maytenus. Medicinal Plants. Stomach Disorders.
A retrospective assessment of marine biodiversity: a critical analysis of integration and aggregation rules
Authors: Jernberg Susanna , Nygård Henrik , Aunins Ainars , Lappalainen Antti , Heiskanen Anna-Stiina , Olsson Jens , Kauppila Pirkko , Korpinen Samuli , Kostamo Kirsi , Uusitalo Laura
Published: July 2019

Oceans around the world are threatened by human pressures. Ecological indicators are useful tools in understanding complex systems and their changes caused by human pressures, and the information they offer is also needed for ecosystem-based management. Integrated assessments combine information produced by several indicators at different spatial scales and thus offer a more holistic view of the status of the ecosystem. In this study, we evaluate the integration of biodiversity indicators at different spatial scales in two study areas in the Baltic Sea: Gulf of Finland and Bothnian Sea. By producing time series of the indicators and integrated assessments, we study the historical changes in the overall marine biodiversity status, and the impact of data availability, indicator selection, and choice of spatial assessment units on the status assessment. The integrated assessments are produced using the Biodiversity Assessment Tool (BEAT 3.0) and following the procedure of the HELCOM integrated assessment of biodiversity. The analysis shows that the results of the integrated assessment depend strongly on which indicators are available for the assessment, and on the chosen spatial assessment units. While the integrated assessments are a strong communication tool, their interpretation needs to be accompanied by information of indicators to avoid misleading conclusions about the marine ecosystem status.