bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of signaling protein ERN1 increases the sensitivity of serine synthesis gene expressions to glucose and glutamine deprivations in U87MG glioblastoma cells
Authors: Minchenko Oleksandr H. , Sliusar Myroslava Y. , Khita Olena O. , Minchenko Dmytro O. , Viletska Yuliia M. , Halkin Oleh V. , Levadna Liudmyla O. , Cherednychenko Anastasiia A. , Khikhlo Yevgen P.
Published: April 2024

Objective. Glucose and glutamine supply as well as serine synthesis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are important factors of glioblastoma growth. Previous studies showed that the knockdown of ERN1 (ER to nucleus signaling 1) suppressed glioblastoma cell proliferation and modified the sensitivity of numerous gene expressions to nutrient deprivations. The present study is aimed to investigate the impact of glucose and glutamine deprivations on the expression of serine synthesis genes in U87MG glioblastoma cells in relation to ERN1 knockdown with the intent to reveal the role of ERN1 signaling pathway on the ER stress-dependent regulation of these gene expressions. Clarification of the regulatory mechanisms of serine synthesis is a great significance for glioblastoma therapy.

Methods. The control U87MG glioblastoma cells (transfected by empty vector) and ERN1 knockdown cells (transfected by dominant-negative ERN1) were exposed under glucose and glutamine deprivation conditions for 16 h. RNA was extracted from cells and reverse transcribed. The expression level of PHGDH (phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase), PSAT1 (phosphoserine amino-transferase 1), PSPH (phosphoserine phosphatase), ATF4 (activating transcription factor 4), and SHMT1 (serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1) genes was studied by real-time qPCR and normalized to ACTB.

Results. It was found that the expression level of genes responsible for serine synthesis such as PHGDH, PSAT1, PSPH, and transcription factor ATF4 was up-regulated in U87MG glioblastoma cells under glucose and glutamine deprivations. Furthermore, inhibition of ERN1 significantly enhances the impact of glucose and especially glutamine deprivations on these gene expressions. At the same time, the expression of the SHMT1 gene, which is responsible for serine conversion to glycine, was down-regulated in both nutrient deprivation conditions with more significant changes in ERN1 knockdown glioblastoma cells.

Conclusion. Taken together, the results of present study indicate that the expression of genes responsible for serine synthesis is sensitive to glucose and glutamine deprivations in gene-specific manner and that suppression of ERN1 signaling significantly modifies the impact of both glucose and glutamine deprivations on PHGDH, PSAT1, PSPH, ATF4, and SHMT1 gene expressions and reflects the ERN1-mediated genome reprograming introduced by nutrient deprivation condition.
Spontaneous vertebral artery stenosis, dissection and cerebellar infarction in a gentleman while playing bowling.
Authors: Hassan Waseem , Naveed Asif
Published: April 2024

Background:
An increased incidence of vertebral artery dissection has recently become a recognized cause of acute stroke for about 1/5 of strokes in young patients.
Case Presentation:
A male in his 30s presented to the emergency department with sudden onset of severe vertigo, vomiting, and dizziness while he was playing bowling. The symptoms started when he suddenly twisted his neck while throwing the ball towards pins. Initial diagnosis of central vertigo led to performing plain CT head and CT head angiogram, which demonstrated non-occlusive extradural left vertebral artery dissection. Following CT scans, an MRI head, and MRA head and neck were performed which confirmed the CT diagnosis and also showed left posterior inferior cerebellar artery territory infarcts with micro haemorrhages. The patient was started on dual antiplatelet medications which was continued for 6 months with a follow up MRI/MRA scan of head and neck.
Conclusion:
This appears to be a unique case where sudden twisting of the neck possibly resulted in vertebral artery dissection and cerebellar infarction. Hence, it is vital to be aware of sports related presentation resulting in sudden neck movements and tear in vertebral artery causing dissection.
The Effect of Lockdown on the Number of Trauma Cases and the Pattern of Injury in a Trauma Centre in Dubai During the Month of Lockdown and Comparing it to the Pre-COVID Time
Authors: Farzin Farnoosh , Shire Fatima , AlDhuhaibat Zahra , Jaafar Mariam
Published: April 2024

Background: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, full time lockdown was applied in many countries around the world. Published literature shows that the risk of suicide and assaults has increased but the risk of motor vehicle accidents has reduced. In this research, we want to study the impact of lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic on the trauma cases who presented to the trauma cen-ter.
Method: This retrospective cross-sectional study retrieved all the trauma cases who presented to the Emergency department in Rashid hospital during April 2019 and April 2020 from the patients' electronic records system. We included all the trauma cases who fell in the Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale (CTAS) of T1-T3 only.
Results: Total of 3,268 trauma cases were studied. The number of cases in April 2019 was double the cases in 2020. However, the pattern of injuries was variable in the two years. There were high-er rates of motor vehicle accidents in non-lockdown month than the lockdown month (10.5% and 6.5%, respectively) (p-value
Os magos da educação para a América Latina e Caribe:
Authors: Martins Real Giselle Cristina , Conceição Jullie Cristhie
Published: April 2024

Explicita-se as orientações dos Organismos Internacionais (OI) para a Educação Básica latino-americana referentes ao papel e às responsabilidades dos professores. Trata-se de pesquisa documental, abarcando o período de 1995 a 2020. O parâmetro de análise são os termos: avaliação, qualidade e aprendizagem. A Teoria Fundamentada é o referencial metodológico. Como resultados, observa-se que os documentos apontam que os professores são capazes de fazer a magia da aprendizagem, a partir dos resultados das avaliações, superando a ausência de insumos educacionais, os baixos investimentos e as condições socioeconômicas dos alunos, responsabilizando-os pelos insucessos, diante de uma lógica neoliberal. Os OI mantêm o discurso dos anos de 1990, apesar das críticas ao modelo de avaliação.
Palavras-chave: Organismos Internacionais. Avaliação. Qualidade. Aprendizagem. Professores.
HEMŞİRELİK ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ÇOCUKLARA YÖNELİK EMPATİK EĞİLİMLERİ İLE MÜLTECİ ÇOCUKLARA YÖNELİK TUTUMLARININ BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: Sarman Abdullah , Tuncay Suat
Published: April 2024

Amaç: Son yıllarda birçok insan çeşitli nedenlerle göç etmek zorunda kalmaktadır. Hemşireler göç eden veya mülteci olarak belirtilen kişilerin temel sağlık ihtiyaçlarını karşılamada önemli bir role sahiptir. Bu araştırmada hemşirelik öğrencilerin çocuklara yönelik empatik eğilimleri ile mülteci çocuklara yönelik tutumlarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kesitsel-tanımlayıcı-korelasyonel bu araştırma Türkiye'nin doğusunda bir devlet üniversitedeki hemşirelik öğrencileriyle yürütülmüştür. Herhangi bir örneklem seçimine gidilmemiş ve evrenin tümüne ulaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırma 284 kişiyle tamamlanmıştır. Veriler; tanıtıcı bilgi formu, Empatik Eğilim Ölçeği, Mülteci Çocuklara Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Veri analizlerinde SPSS 25 paket programı kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Öğrencilerin %64,8'inin kadın, %25,7'sinin dördüncü sınıf öğrencisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca katılımcıların büyük çoğunluğunun akademik başarısının ve ekonomik durumunun orta düzeyde olduğu görülmüştür. Katılımcıların yarısından fazlasının bölümü isteyerek tercih ettiği ve %48,9'unun duygusal kişilik yapısında olduğunu belirtilmiştir. Öğrencilerin her iki ölçekten de orta seviyede puan ortalamalarına sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Empatik Eğilim Ölçeği ile Mülteci Çocuklara Yönelik Tutum Ölçeğinin tutum ve duygu alt boyutları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin empatik eğilim ve mülteci çocuklara yönelik tutumlarının orta seviyede olduğu belirlenmiştir. Duygusal kişilik yapısında olduğunu belirten öğrencilerin empatik eğilimleri ile mülteci çocuklara yönelik tutumlarının daha olumlu olduğu görülmüştür. Öğrencilerin empatik eğilimlerini ve mültecilerle ilgili tutumlarını belirleyen durumları kapsamlı olarak belirlemek için geniş örneklem büyüklüğüne sahip gruplarla çalışılması gerekmektedir.
PREDICTIVE VALUE OF FIBROSIS-4 INDEX FOR HIGHER TROPONIN LEVELS IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Authors: Durak Hüseyin , Ergül Elif
Published: April 2024

Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, a condition that affects nearly one-third of the population, is associated with cardiovascular disease and is the leading cause of death. Studies have found that peak troponin level is a strong predictor of all- cause death and infarct area width in the left ventricle after acute coronary syndrome. The fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index is a noninvasive clinical tool that combines four laboratory parameters to measure liver fibrosis. The relationship between the FIB-4 index and peak troponin level is unclear. We speculated that a higher FIB-4 index might be associated with higher peak troponin levels, as it is linked to cardiovascular disease. We aimed to explore the relationship between peak troponin levels and the FIB-4 index in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
Material and Methods: This was an observational, cross- sectional cohort study. A total of 302 inpatients with acute coronary syndrome admitted to our clinic between June and September 2023 were enrolled. The FIB-4 index and peak troponin levels were evaluated. The maximum mean troponin level was determined, and two patient groups were formed and compared according to whether it was below or above this level.
Results: We demonstrated for the first time that the FIB-4 index is a strong indicator of peak troponin levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome (odds ratio: 2.301, 95% CI 1.667-3.172, p
CHRONIC GASTRITIS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS; HELICOBACTER PYLORI OR CELIAC DISEASE?
Authors: Sandal Semih
Published: April 2024

Objective: We aimed to determine the frequency of Celiac disease (CD) and Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection, and the effect of Hp and chronic gastritis on patients with false positive CD serology in our center.
Material and Methods: We included 194 patients who had both stomach and small intestine biopsies and were diagnosed with chronic gastritis, between January 2021 and December 2022 in the study. Patients were divided into two groups: Hp- positive and Hp-negative.
Additionally, we evaluated the frequency and association of Hp in cases who were serologically suspected with CD but whose biopsies were not compatible with celiac disease histopathologically.
Results: Helicobacter pylori infection was detected in 76 of 194 gastric biopsies examined (39.1%). Hp positivity was detected in only 15 of 27 patients (55.5%) diagnosed with CD and CD serology was positive in 39 of 194 patients (20.1%), but histopathological changes compatible with CD were detected in only 27 (13.9%).
Conclusion: Although the relationship between chronic gastritis and Hp is clear, the relationship between Hp and CD remains unclear. We believe that studies with larger patient groups investigating Hp virulence and its effect on CD pathophysiology are needed to reveal this relationship.
ALARMING PREVALENCE OF POOR SLEEP AND ANXIETY IN MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Yeşilyurt İsa , Bitiktaş Soner
Published: April 2024

Objective: Anxiety and sleep disorders have been reported to be common in medical students. This study aimed to determine the frequency of poor sleep quality and anxiety symptoms in medical students. Moreover, to reveal the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle data, perceptions of professional future, academic performance with anxiety, and sleep quality.
Material and Methods: A total of 225 participants enrolled in the first through fifth years of education in Kafkas University’s Faculty of Medicine in the 2022-23 academic year participated in the study. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire encompassed sociodemographic data, lifestyle information that may affect sleep, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale. Statistical analyses were performed with R Statistical Software (v4.2.2; R Core Team 2022).
Results: It was found that 76% of the participants had poor sleep quality according to the PSQI, while 31.56% of the participants had GAD-7 scores of 10 or above. There was a relationship between the poor sleep quality and anxiety of the participants (p
ASSESSMENT OF HAEMOPHILIC ARTHROPATHY IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE HEMOPHILIA USING THE HEMOPHILIA EARLY ARTHROPATHY DETECTION WITH ULTRASOUND (HEAD-US) SCORE AND THE HEMOPHILIA JOINT HEALTH SCORE (HJHS) BY DIFFERENT CAREGIVERS
Authors: Yılmaz Orulluoğlu Emine , Kaya Zühre , Satış Hasan , Yazol Merve , Kirkiz Serap , Koçak Ülker
Published: April 2024

Objective: There are few studies on the assessment of hemophilic arthropathy using the hemophilia early arthropathy detection with ultrasound (HEAD-US) and hemophilia joint health score (HJHS) scores.This study aimed to examine how radiologists and rheumatologists could evaluate hemophilic arthropathy in individuals with severe hemophilia using HEAD- US and HJHS scores simultaneously.
Material and Methods: Between 2021 and 2022, 168 joints from 28 individuals with severe hemophilia A and B were investigated at six-month intervals (TP1 and TP2). The HJHS scores of all patients were recorded. The HEAD-US in each hemophilic patient's six joints (elbow, knee, and ankle) were evaluated by radiologists and rheumatologists.
Results: The ankle assessment by HEAD-US showed the highest rate (34%) of synovitis by radiologist evaluation at TP1 in patients with an HJHS score of 0. The knee assessment by HEAD-US showed the highest rate (56%) of synovitis and bone damage by rheumatologist evaluation at TP1 in patients with an HJHS score of 0. HEAD-US ankle and knee examinations revealed the highest rate of synovitis (34%) by radiologist evaluation at TP2 in patients with an HJHS score of 0. The HEAD-US knee assessment revealed the highest rate of synovitis (44%) by rheumatologist evaluation at TP2 in patients with an HJHS score of 0. In the assessment of elbow and knee joints, there was a moderate to good correlation between HJHS and HEAD-US scores by different caregivers at different time points (p< 0.05).
Conclusion: Our findings indicate that clinicians play a crucial role in the early diagnosis of subclinical hemophilic arthropathy, with HEAD-US scoring conducted by rheumatologists similar to radiologists in severe hemophilia patients without pathology in HJHS scoring.
ASSESSMENT OF THYROID FUNCTION AND ULTRASONOGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN PATIENTS WITH MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS
Authors: Çıkı Kısmet , Bako Derya
Published: April 2024

Objective: The thyroid gland, with its high vascularity and low proliferation index of thyrocytes, is highly susceptible to storage diseases, however it has not been evaluated adequately in patients with in mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS). Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the function, morphology, B- mode, and Doppler ultrasonography features of the thyroid gland in pediatric and adolescent patients with MPS and to evaluate whether the thyroid gland is involved in this disease.
Material and Methods: Thyroid hormone functions were measured in all patients, and B-mode ultrasound and color Doppler imaging were performed.
Results: Eight boys and 17 girls with MPS were included in the study. Eight patients were diagnosed with MPS I, 2 with MPS II, 3 with MPS III, 3 with MPS IVA, and 9 with MPS VI. Nineteen patients were receiving enzyme replacement therapy, while three patients diagnosed with MPS III remained untreated due to the unavailability of treatment options. Thyroid hormone levels were within normal limits for all patients. B-Mode ultrasound imaging revealed slightly heterogeneous echo texture in only 2 (8%) patients, both with MPS VI. Except for one patient with MPS VI, all color Doppler assessments were within normal limits.
Conclusion: The results of our study demonstrate that both thyroid function tests and thyroid gland morphology are normal in MPS through childhood and adolescence. Therefore, we believe that thyroid gland dysfunction does not play a crucial role in the development of symptoms such as growth retardation, dry skin, coarse facial features, and intellectual disability, which could potentially be attributed to thyroid dysfunction. Instead, we think that these findings are more likely attributed to the primary disease involvement process
Relationship between dentifrices based on hydroxyapatites and human enamel remineralization
Authors:   Babes-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Research Centre of Physical Chemistry, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, AVRAM ALEXANDRA , MOCANU AURORA ,   Babes-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Research Centre of Physical Chemistry, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, RIGA SORIN ,   Babes-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Research Centre of Physical Chemistry, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,   Academy of Romanian Scientists, Romania, TOMOAIA-COTISEL MARIA ,   Babes-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Research Centre of Physical Chemistry, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,   Academy of Romanian Scientists, Romania
Published: April 2024

Enamel demineralization is an intricate process that holds significant clinical consequences, being a central part of the emergence and progression of various dental problems, most notably dental caries. This demineralization of tooth enamel is linked to a variety of factors, including the composition of oral microbiota and that of saliva, the prevalence of sugar consumption or acidic soft drinks, and, of course, oral hygiene practices. The oral microbiome plays a role in generating organic acids that foster an environment conducive to enamel breakdown. Additionally, a decrease in saliva production can lower the oral environment’s ability to neutralize acids and support the remineralization process, thereby intensifying demineralization. Dentifrices enriched with biomimetic hydroxyapatites are important in preventing demineralization as they not only help with oral hygiene but also provide key ions that help strengthen enamel. Considering their similarity to the natural component in enamel, synthetic hydroxyapatites have recently emerged as potent remineralizing agents. Hence, this work aims to illustrate in a simple and concise manner, some of the aspects involved in enamel demineralization and its subsequent remineralization, namely in the relationship between enriched toothpastes containing biomimetic hydroxyapatites and their remineralization eficacy.
Investigating the association between the CRISPR-Cas system and antibiotic resistance genes in Neisseria spp.
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Technology, India, K SANTHIYA , M ANANTHASUBRAMANIAN ,   Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Technology, India
Published: April 2024

The study aims to examine the CRISPR Cas-systems in the Neisseria species, with a specific focus on its potential role in antibiotic resistance (AR). A total of 360 Neisseria strains belonging to different species were retrieved from the NCBI database. The CRISPR Cas arrays were found among 89 Neisseria genomes with 140 distinct direct repeats and 1661 spacer regions. While, 69% were determined to have the type II-C system and 28% had the I-C system. The CRISPR type II-C was found to have eflux pump AR (71%) majorly. It was found that species with several CRISPR arrays often had either no or just one AR genes in their genomes. The study highlights multiple CRISPR array in Neisseria spp. might have played a prominent role in the prevention of horizontal gene transfer of AR genes.
The potential of the radiation technologies to improve the quality of dietary supplements
Authors:   Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Magurele, Ilfov, Romania, ACASANDREI MARIA ADRIANA , VASILCA SILVANA ,   Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Romania, IONUZ ERHAN ,   Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Romania, SERBAN ANDREEA ,   Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Romania, ALBOTA FLORIN ADRIAN ,   Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Romania, ALEXANDRU MIOARA ,   Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Romania, TRANDAFIR LAURA ,   Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Romania, ZORILA FLORINA LUCICA ,   Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Romania, CONSTANTIN MIHAI ,   Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Romania, CUTRUBINIS MIHALIS ,   Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Romania, STEFANESCU SILVIU ,   Health Laboratory S.R.L., Bucharest, Romania, SIMA LUCICA ,   Health Laboratory S.R.L., Bucharest, Romania, MOISE IOAN VALENTIN ,   Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Romania
Published: April 2024

The use of dietary supplements has much increased over recent decades, principally due to the need to correct dietary deficiencies but also for their supportive role in certain medical treatments. While they are regulated as food, with certain specific regulations and requirements that distinguish them from conventional foods, the manufacturers can choose to adhere to higher standards, that allows them a future upgrade as pharmaceuticals or medical devices. This paper presents the results of exploratory studies for the introduction of gamma irradiation as a method of control of the microbial contamination for egg lyophilizates currently marketed as dietary supplements. Characterization studies were performed with the goal of upgrading the products for the pharmaceutical market. The irradiation treatment improved their microbiological quality by the exerted microbicidal e􀵵ect and it can be used as long as the other properties (physico-chemical and/or therapeutic) are not affected.
Procesos en la sistematización de los sonidos del español en niños de corta edad
Authors: De Zuluaga Tina
Published: April 2024

Resumen
Production of Biodiesel from Caster Oil: Experimental and Optimization Study
Authors: Alagha Shahad M. , Rushdi Salih , Al-Sharify Zainab T. , Onyeaka Helen
Published: April 2024

Biodiesel production provides a diversified and renewable energy source offering lower greenhouse gas emissions than traditional diesel. It also offers economic benefits by reducing dependence on imported fossil fuels. Castor oil transesterification is an essential process in the creation of biodiesel. In this experimental study, castor oil transesterified using methanol, and potassium hydroxide was the catalyst. The effects of various reaction parameters, including temperature, the molar ratio of methanol to oil, and catalyst concentration, on the biodiesel yield were studied and optimized by the conventional method followed by the statistically based Box-Behnken design method. The maximum yield was reached at a temperature of 65°C, a molar ratio of 12:1 methanol to oil, and a catalyst concentration of 1.5% by weight. The yield of biodiesel under these conditions was 93%. The optimized results of experiments showed increases in yield to 93.36% at 65°C temperature, 14.12:1 a molar ratio methanol to oil, and a 1.12% by weight catalyst concentration; hence, the optimal temperature was the highest achieved value. The fatty acid methyl ester composition analysis revealed that the major constituents of the biodiesel were ricinoleic acid methyl ester, linoleic acid methyl ester, and oleic acid methyl ester. The findings of this research highlight the significance of selecting the appropriate reaction conditions to maximize biodiesel yield. Also, it was found that castor oil had the potential to be an essential feedstock for biodiesel production.
نظرية النخبة السياسية في المنظور الأمريكي المعاصر
Authors: شاكر رنا مولود
Published: April 2024

تعد النخبة السياسية في المجتمعات الديمقراطية الغربية المعاصرة المحفز الرئيس للتوعية الشعبية لتحديد طبيعة خياراتهم السياسية، وكيفية الحصول على حقوقهم والحفاظ عليها وضمان إستمرارها، وتلك النخبة في المنظور السياسي الأمريكي تفوقت كثيراً على نظيرتها الأوروبية الغربية، لاسيما أن الديمقراطية الليبرالية أستطاعت من تكوين نخبة قيادية متفردة في التفكير والعمل السياسي، لتصبح القوة العقلانية الرشيدة لدعم متطلبات وحقوق الأمة وتوازن بينها وبين توجهات إدارة الحكم وصناع القرار، عبر توظيف إدراكهم المعرفي والعقلي وتحويله لمؤثرات فاعلة ما بين كلا الطرفين لضمان صيانة الحقوق والأستقرار بمختلف مجالاته، هذه المخرجات الفاعلة لتلك النخبة لم تستمر طويلا بسبب أن عملية توظيف تلك القدرات والمهارات للنخبة السياسية، بدأت تضعف منذ منتصف القرن العشرين أمام نخبة اوليغارشية تفوقها قوة ونفوذاً وسعت تدريجياً إلى تغيير طبيعة مخرجات بيئة التنظيم السياسي، وبالنتجية تفوقت إرادة النخبة المغلقة والمتنفذة على حقوق ومكتسبات الإرادة الجماعاتية، مما أضر كثيراً بعملية التطوير المستمر للنظام الديمقراطي الليبرالي الأمريكي المعاصر وأصابته بالجمود الفكري.
La terapia de la dignidad y la logoterapia en pacientes oncológicos. Estudio de caso
Authors:   Universidad Europea de Valencia., Perelló Cervera Ana , Cantero García María ,   Universidad a Distancia de Madrid (España)
Published: April 2024

This case study describes the accompaniment carried out for two months with a 54-year-old woman (A.R.) with oral cancer. Anxiety, depression, dignity and sense of life perception is evaluated through STAI, BDI-II, PIL and PDI, as well as by the observation and personal interview. Results show that, from her illness, arises an opportunity to improve her psychological, emotional and spiritual well-being, and also to decrease her anxious and depressive symptomatology.
La toma de decisiones en el paciente ingresado con alta administrativa. Análisis de la autonomía, vulnerabilidad y capacidad
Authors:   Servicio Canario de la Salud (España), Rubia Manrique María de la , Hernández Xumet Juan Elicio ,   Universidad de La Laguna ( España)
Published: April 2024

Currently, the number of patients with “administrative discharge,” which are those dis- charged from hospitals after the reason for which they were admitted has ended, is increasing exponentially, becoming a social problem that entails a series of negative aspects for the patients who remain in this situation. Given the situation of these patients, the project’s objectives are to carry out a bibliographic search of current legislation and studies that could provide possible solutions to their situation. To this end, a search was carried out in MEDLINE and CINAHL, using autonomy, vulnerability, decision-making capacity, disability, dependence, administrative discharge, or institutionalised patient. The results show no studies on administrative discharges, but there are few references to the other concepts studied, which justifies the need to consider and improve these ethical aspects.
Autocuidado de Enfermedades Crónicas en pacientes de Salud Mental
Authors: Bellahmar Lkadiri Samia , Siverio Díaz Alba Rocío , Pérez Hernández Pilar , Brito Brito Pedro Ruymán , Pérez Merlos Silvia
Published: April 2024

The approach to chronic diseases, especially those that imply changes in life habits (as happens, for example, in Diabetes Mellitus or Arterial Hypertension) is a complicated task and becomes more difficult when we talk about these changes in patients with mental disorders. With regard to a clinical case in which healthy lifestyle habits are worked on by providing diabetes education, different theoretical approaches are presented to resolve the case starting with the middle-range theory of Self-Care of Chronic Illness and continuing with a brief summary and analysis of the theories and models with greater applicability in psychiatric nursing.
Experiencia de implantación de la Guía de Buenas Prácticas de RNAO «Prevención de caídas y lesiones derivadas de las caídas» en Atención Primaria de Tenerife
Authors:   Servicio Canario de Salud (España), Martín-Dorta Willian Jesús , Brito-Brito Pedro Ruymán ,   Universidad de La Laguna (España), Núñez-Marrero Janet ,   Servicio Canario de Salud (España), Fernández-Gutiérrez Domingo Ángel ,   Universidad de La Laguna (España), Parrilla-Suárez Irene Clara ,   Servicio Canario de Salud (España), Palmer-Tomé Eneida ,   Servicio Canario de Salud (España), Galdona-Luis Haridian ,   Servicio Canario de Salud (España), Plasencia-Delgado Victoria ,   Servicio Canario de Salud (España), Lorenzo-León Lorenzo Rubén ,   Servicio Canario de Salud (España), García-Hernández Alfonso Miguel ,   Universidad de La Laguna (España)
Published: April 2024

Falls are a public health problem with worldwide relevance and are considered the second cause of death due to involuntary trauma. Nurses have a central role in preventing falls by implementing evidence-based recommendations. Good practice guidelines (GBP) allow care to be provided based on the best and most current evidence. The Nurses Association of Ontario (RNAO) develops GBP that it expands worldwide thanks to the Program of Centers Committed to Excellence in Care, BPSO®, in which the Primary Care Management of Tenerife participates, as a candidate center, implementing the Guide «Preventing falls and reducing injury resulting from falls». The objectives of this study were to describe the profile of the patient included in «Home Health Care Service» in the ZBS of the Tenerife Health Area where the GBP is implemented.
CONSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃO SIMBÓLICA COMO FATOR DA CRISE DA DEMOCRACIA BRASILEIRA (2013-2018)
Authors: Sales Barbosa Esdras Silva , Silva Junior Jorge Adriano , Dos Santos Siqueira Thiago
Published: April 2024

Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir como o fenômeno da constitucionalização simbólica foi decisivo para a existência da crise democrática brasileira (2013-2018) que ainda corrói o ambiente democrático do país. Este trabalho tem caráter qualitativo, se tratando de uma revisão bibliográfica exploratória, tendo como marco teórico principal desta pesquisa o conceito de constitucionalização simbólica de Marcelo Neves (2007). A partir das constatações retiradas desse trabalho, espera-se traçar apontamentos acerca da democracia brasileira ante sua derrocada e as principais problemáticas dessa crise desde as jornadas de 2013, passando pela derrocada do petismo até a eleição de Jair Bolsonaro.
VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA E FAMILIAR CONTRA A MULHER:
Authors: Dos Santos Silva Martha Tamila , Keiko Kataoka Lima Isis , Dos Santos Siqueira Thiago
Published: April 2024

A violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher com foco na análise do papel desempenhado pela Igreja Adventista do Sétimo Dia em relação às mulheres que praticam ativamente a religião. O estudo investiga como a religiosidade influencia a percepção das mulheres sobre a violência, explora como a igreja responde a esse problema e examina os recursos e apoio oferecidos às mulheres em situações de violência. Através da metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa e a teórica a partir de pesquisas bibliográficas com análises de artigos publicados na esfera virtual e literaturas físicas. Este estudo busca compreender a interseção entre religião e violência doméstica, destacando maneiras pelas quais a igreja pode melhorar o suporte às vítimas e promover conscientização dentro da comunidade religiosa.
Development and Evaluation of Riluzole Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles for Improved Permeability across BBB
Authors: G Jayavasavi , Sukumaran Sathesh K
Published: April 2024

Blood-brain barrier is a physiological barrier that prevents drugs from reaching the brain or being bioavailable for treating brain disorders. Degenerative diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) seriously impact our daily lives. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved this drug to treat ALS as a chemical derivative of 2- amino-6 [tri-fluoro-methoxy] benzo-thiazole. In order to improve the drug’s therapeutic efficacy, poly-(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PLGA) were loaded with riluzole and deposited using emulsifying solvent deposition. A design expert software program was used to optimize formulation parameters, including polymer concentration, surfactant concentration, and stirring speed, based on the particle size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency responses. Three formulations were taken forward for further study based on the results of 20 trials. Compared to differential scanning calorimetry and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies performed beforehand, there were no significant interactions between RZL and the excipients. Nanoparticles prepared with scanning electron microscopy had a smooth surface and a spherical shape. The particle size distribution ranged from 184 ± 74 nm to a maximum of 204.5 ± 71. As a consequence, the particle size distribution is relatively narrow, with lower polymer concentrations, and is ideal for drug delivery. A range of -17.3 to -18.2mV was found for the zeta potential of the nanoparticles. The encapsulation efficiency ranged from 42.61 ± 3.61 to 60.02 ± 1.94%, forming 1:1 to 1:4 drug: Polymer ratios, respectively. Over a period of 22 to 26 hours, the RLZ was continuously released from the nanoparticles. A loading dose may be built by 24% of the drug being released within 3 hours of administration.
Investigation Few Biomarkers for Pantoea Infection with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients
Authors: Burhan Burhan T , Hassan Layla S A
Published: April 2024

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a disease known as systemic lupus erythematosus. SLE is an autoimmune condition in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues, leading to extensive tissue damage and inflammation in other organs. One of the most frequent causes of death and morbidity in SLE patients is infection. Patients with SLE may contract a genus of gram-negative bacteria called Pantoea. This study aims to find biomarkers for Pantoea infection in SLE patients in Iraq’s Najaf Governorate. Methods: About 60 individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus from Al-Sader Medical City in Al-Najaf Province had blood samples taken at a specialized rheumatology and nephrology center between September 2022 and February 2023. Some bio-markers has been evaluated. Results: The results of microbiological analyses indicate that 26/60 samples contain bacteria. Pantoea was discovered in 3 (11.6%) of the 26 specimens. Despite SLE, increased autoantibody levels in patients. The results of this analysis indicate a significant decrease in Hb, WBC, and platelet levels. In contrast to the control group, the serum levels of CD69, IL-21, and IL-35 increased significantly. Conclusion: Pantoea produces elevated diagnostic and immunological parameters in SLE patients. Consequently, it is necessary to conduct assays to identify bacterial infections in patients, with a significant increase in CD69, IL-21, and IL-35 in the event that SLE patients are infected with bacteria.
Formulation Development and Evaluation of Montelukast Sodium Paper Tablets for Enhanced Drug Release
Authors: Pavan Patil , Preeti Mane , Balaji Wakure
Published: April 2024

In this study, the technique of paper-based tablets was evaluated for solubility enhancement of montelukast sodium (MS), an anti-asthmatic, Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) class II medication. Initially, the potential for compressing regular paper into tablets was rigorously examined. Results demonstrated that paper may be utilised to make tablets, regardless of type of the paper utilized. The medicinal quality was satisfactory; and entire tablets of the batch met the Indian Pharmacopeia’s criteria. Compressing drug-loaded paper resulted in the formation of drug-loaded tablets. The MS loaded tablets prepared using kitchen roll paper delivered the best results. The tablet was disintegrated in 27 seconds, and drug release of MS was enhanced by 1.88 folds. The tablets were sufficiently hard, and they did not get broken during friability studies. Also, the tablets passed the other evaluation parameters. These paper tablets were also stable under accelerated storage conditions.
In-vitro Analysis of Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antidiabetic and Antimicrobial Studies of Kaempferol Ethosomes
Authors: Shraddha Raghav S , Kumar Bhavna , Neeraj Sethiya K , Manmohan Singhal , Swati Arya
Published: April 2024

Flavonoids have potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and antimicrobial properties, and they generally report to have poor bioavailability and dissolution. This work emphasized on developing and characterizing kaempferol-loaded ethosomes and evaluating them for in-vitro assessments. The cold method was used for preparing kaempferol (KMP) ethosomes by means of soya lecithin, ethanol, and propylene glycol. The ethosomes were evaluated for vesicle size (253 ± 2.6), entrapment efficiency (91.05 ± 0.11%), zeta potential (-31.7 ± 1.12 mV), and drug release (89.91 ± 3.3%), compared with the release of pure drug (kaempferol), which was 48.96 ± 3.6% and showed an approximate double increment in the release rate. KMP ethosomes follow the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. The kaempferol ethosomes were further examined for their various in-vitro pharmacological activities as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antioxidant in comparison with pure kaempferol. The results reported kaempferol loaded-ethosomes showed a strong anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic properties and thus, can be exploited as a viable drug delivery for various therapeutic applications.
Formulation, Optimization and Evaluation of Solid SMEDDS of Pioglitazone
Authors: Patil Manisha R , Kshirsagar Sanjay K
Published: April 2024

This investigation assessed 32 formulations of liquid self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (L-SMEDDS) for pioglitazone (PGZ). The optimal PLS12 formulation comprises 40% capmul MC8 (oil), 40% cremophore RH40 (surfactant), and 20% PEG (co-surfactant). PLS12 exhibited approximately 75 nm droplet size, below 200 nm, and a PDI of 0.47, indicating nanosized droplets with uniform distribution. The formulation demonstrated stability, and achieved supreme drug loading capacity. The enhanced L-SMEDDS was solidified into solidified SMEDDS utilizing Sylloid 244 FP, subsequently in a free-flowing powder without drug interactions. Tablets were successfully formulated by incorporating S-SMEDDS with diverse tableting excipients. The selected tablet batch passed quality control and stability tests. The tablet exhibited a rapid and pH-independent release profile. The combined impact of SMEDDS and tablets collectively enhanced the solubility and dissolution of PGZ hydrochloride
Design and Assessment of Boswellia Nanofibers for Diabetes Wound Healing
Authors: Mani Sangeetha , Veeraputhiran Anantharaj
Published: April 2024

Diabetic wounds present a major healthcare challenge because they frequently result in serious side effects and chronic, non-healing ulcers. The application of nanotechnology in the creation of sophisticated wound dressings has demonstrated encouraging outcomes in accelerating the healing of wounds. Particularly, nanofiber-based dressings have drawn interest because of their large surface area, porosity, and capacity to replicate the extracellular matrix, which creates the perfect surroundings for attachment of cells, growth, and differentiation. This review emphasizes the various materials and methods utilized in the preparation of nanofiber dressings, with a particular focus on their application in the treatment of diabetic wounds. Herbs and plant extracts are among the synthetic and natural polymers that have been added to nanofibers to improve their medicinal qualities. These materials provide mechanical support and possess bioactive components that promote wound healing, such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. Boswellia resin from Boswellia serrata, PVP, and PCL was obtained, and nanofibers were electrospinning to form them. The formulated nanofibers were further evaluated for entrapment efficiency, swelling index and moisture content. The in-vitro study showed formulation NF3 has the highest drug release. scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies revealed a uniform surface of nanofiber mat.
Preparation and Evaluation of Polyherbal Periodontal Gel for Treatment of Periodontitis
Authors: Rao NG Raghavendra , Rao Desu Brahma Srinivasa , Kulkarni Parag A , Dev Dhruv , Kumar G Santhana
Published: April 2024

Periodontal disease is one of the most important concerns for dentists and patients. The study aimed to create a topical polyherbal gel using ethanolic extract and to evaluate polyherbal gel. Ethanolic extract of Curcuma longa rhizomes, chamomile powder from Matricaria chamomilla, and clove oil were obtained and used to prepare different formulations of polyherbal gels using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and other excipients. The prepared gel formulations were studied for pH, viscosity and spreadability evaluation. The pH was observed to be in between 6 to 7 and had ideal viscosity and spreadability range. The drug content and in-vitro drug release profile were evaluated and plotted to identify optimized gel formulations among all prepared formulations. The optimized polyherbal formulation, F2, was applied to field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The antimicrobial evaluation showed that the prepared formulations are effective in inhibiting microbial growth and effective in periodontal care.
Formulation and Evaluation of Natural Excipient-based Mucoadhesive Salbutamol Sulphate Tablets
Authors: PC Rathi , KR Biyani
Published: April 2024

When creating a mucoadhesive sustained-release formulation for oral consumption, aquaphilic matrices are a captivating option to consider. These aquaphilic matrices are used to release water-soluble and water-insoluble drugs. Gums and mucilages used in the current study are linseed mucilage (LM) and tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP). The present work aims to focus on the possibilities of using these polysaccharides to prepare a new medication delivery system. The aim of the research was to make a salbutamol sulfate mucoadhesive tablet for the treatment of asthma. The wet granulation method was adopted for the formulation of the salbutamol sulfate mucosal adhesive tablet. Mucosal adhesive tablets were assessed for multiple parameters. The drug release is low as the amount of gums and mucilages is high. A mucoadhesive tablet containing linseed mucilage and chitosan exhibits good mucoadhesive performance and in-vitro drug release. Optimized formulation FM1 fits the Higuchi plot of release kinetics
Preliminary Phytochemical Investigation, GC-MS Characterization, In-vitro Antioxidant Potential of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Melastomataceae Species Memecylon malabaricum (C.B. Clarke) Cogn.
Authors: Manjula RR , M Thirumal
Published: April 2024

The leaf extracts of Memecylon malabaricum were subjected to a detailed phytochemical investigation as part of this study. Based on the findings of this investigation, it was discovered that the leaf extracts included a wide range of bioactive components. These components included carbohydrates, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, phenols, and saponins. Throughout the whole of the experiment, the only extract that displayed phytosterols was the ethanolic extract. The findings of the DPPH, ABTS, total antioxidant assay-FRAP, superoxide anion radical scavenging assay, and total antioxidant assay-CUPAC assays demonstrated that all of the samples, but sample A in particular, had antioxidant qualities that were encouraging. This was the conclusion that was reached. A GC-MS analysis was used to thoroughly examine the chemical configuration of the leaves of M. malabaricum. According to the findings of this inquiry, 60 distinct components were examined. The legitimacy of the therapeutic potential of M. malabaricum is gained as a result of these results, which also pave the way for more study into the plant’s possible applications in the fields of pharmacology and medicine.
Development and Evaluation of Venlafaxine Hydrochloride Tablets for Oral Drug Delivery Technology
Authors: Sable Vijay , Wagh Sanjay
Published: April 2024

Oral pills are the predominant, simple, and straightforward approach for administering drugs. The project’s primary goal is to create a pharmaceutical product that is equal in terms of its medicinal properties. A controlled-release version of the antidepressant venlafaxine hydrochloride was created and compared to the formulation currently available on the market. The launch of the branded product was assessed through an innovator and prototype evaluation. In order to develop stable and bioavailable dosage forms, it is necessary to gather pertinent data through preformulation testing. In order to create stable and bioavailable dosage forms, preformulation testing must be performed to gather relevant information among the several mixes, high-performance polymer copolymer K100M, ethyl cellulose, and cross-linked polyvinyl pyrrolidone 0.45%. The precise release mechanism could be determined by conducting in-vitro solubility tests on the created formulations and analyzing the results with a number of exponential equations. We used fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies to check if the polymers were compatible with the medicine.
Green Analytical HPLC Method Development of Acyclovir Loaded Floating Raft Formulation in Spiked Rabbit Plasma
Authors: Munusamy Rajalakshmi , Hepzhibah Kola , Shanmugasundharam Sangeetha
Published: April 2024

Objective: The need of this investigation is to design eco-friendly, sensitive, and precise bioanalytical high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques that leverage green analytical tools such as green analytical procedure index (GAPI), analytical eco scale (AES), and analytical greenness metric (AGREE) to analyze ACV-spiked rabbit plasma and ACV-loaded floating raft formulation (FRF) because The literature survey revealed insufficient data for the HPLC approach to FRF. Method: Methods involving plasma spikes mirroring the in-vivo models provide insights into potential real-life scenarios and the functionality of floating raft formulations loaded with ACV. The Design Expert tool optimized critical process parameters and identified significant factors influencing the chromatographic technique. Results: The CCD was used to optimize the flow rate (0.6 mL/min) and buffer solvent ratio (99:1) for separation. The C18 column (250 X 4.6 mm) was utilized to achieve the elution of ACV. The developed method was thoroughly validated through ICH guidelines. The ACV, lower limit of detection (LLoD), and lower limit of quantitation (LLoQ) retention times were established at 2.3 minutes, 15, and 20 ng/mL, respectively. Discussion: In summary, the study demonstrated the exceptional performance sensitivity, specificity, and robustness of the bioanalytical method. The method proved highly effective in quantifying ACV in plasma samples in terms of revalidatability, transferability, reproducibility, and the product development cycle. The developed method proves that using both design of experiments (DoE) and green analytical chemistry together creates a valid, eco-friendly, and reliable way to analyze the making of an ACV-loaded floating raft formulation.