bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Prognostic Value of HPV among Tunisian Patients with Laryngeal Cancer and Relationship between DNA HPV and p16, IGF-1R, Survivin, p53 Expressions
Authors: Ben Elhadj Mariem , Fourati Asma , El Amine Olfa , Goucha Aida , El May Ahmed , El May Michèle-Veronique , Mokni Baizig Nehla
Published: May 2020

Objectives:

Tobacco and alcohol are the main etiological factors common to laryngeal cancers. However, the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) constitutes an alternative risk factor according to several studies. In Tunisia, despite the annual increasing incidence of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), the prevalence and prognostic significance of HPV have never been explored. In this study, we sought to highlight HPV DNA in 70 biopsies of laryngeal cancer, and to analyze the status of HPV infection in association with p53, p16, survivin, and IGF-1R expressions.

Methods:

HPV high risk (HPV HR) DNA was detected in tumors by in situ hybridization. However, the expression of p53, p16, survivin and IGF-1R were stained by immunohistochemistry test. The correlations of HPV status with clinicopathological parameters, overall survival, disease-free survival and proteins expressions were statistically evaluated.

Results:

HPV HR DNA was detected in 39 out of 70 (55.71%) laryngeal tumors. HPV+ patients have a better overall survival ( P = .081) and long disease-free-survival ( P = .016) with a low rate of recurrence ( P = .006) than HPV– patients. No significant correlations were found between HPV HR status and clinicopathological parameters (all P > .005). Moreover, HPV+ tumors were not associated with expression of p53, p16 and survivin. However, HPV HR status correlates with weak to moderate IGF-1R expression ( P = .043).

Conclusion:

The substantial detection of HPV HR in LSCC tumors suggest that this virus plays an important part in laryngeal cancer in Tunisia. It is a good prognostic factor. In addition, HPV infection could act to block the pathway of IGF-1R expression.
Public Interest in Antitrust Enforcement: An Australian Perspective
Authors: Sims Rod , Woodbridge Graeme
Published: May 2020

The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission’s (ACCC) objective in enforcing Australia’s competition laws is to make markets work in the interests of Australians by protecting and promoting competition. From the ACCC’s perspective, it is poor public policy to introduce other objectives, such as reducing income inequality or political influence, into the enforcement of competition laws. If the enforcement of competition laws tries to achieve everything, in the end, it will achieve nothing. Moreover, there are other, more targeted instruments that are much better placed to achieve these other objectives. The ACCC is of the view that business conduct is likely to be anticompetitive if it interferes with the process of competition and harms trading parties on the other side of the market, or is likely to do so. The ACCC places great significance on these two issues to develop, test, and establish theories of harm to competition. While this is the case, the ACCC is of the view that it is not necessary to precisely quantify the degree of harm to establish that conduct is anticompetitive. Imposing such a requirement risks under enforcement of competition laws.
Comfortably Numb? Revisiting and Re-Specifying the Relationship Between Health Strain and Substance Use
Authors: Lowe C. Cory , Miller Bryan Lee , Stogner John
Published: May 2020

Studies have found a positive linear relationship between health strain and substance use; however, they often omit potential confounders such as self-control, social bonds, and peer use. Furthermore, there are several reasons to believe the relationship is curvilinear according to Agnew’s general strain theory. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, we examine whether the linear relationship persists after including confounders and we test the hypothesized curvilinear relationship. Results provide little support for the linear relationship; however, the hypothesized curvilinear relationship is supported in multiple alcohol and marijuana use models. In addition, there is little evidence that health strain is mediated by depressive symptoms. Policy implications, limitations, and directions for research are discussed.
Coping Strategies Regarding Coastal Flooding Risk in a Context of Climate Change in a French Caribbean Island
Authors: Navarro Oscar , Krien Nathalie , Rommel Delphine , Deledalle Aurore , Lemée Colin , Coquet Marie , Mercier Denis , Fleury-Bahi Ghozlane
Published: May 2020

Coastal flooding risks are becoming increasingly important because of the increasing vulnerability of coastal territories and the rise of ocean levels in relation to climate change. Studying the adaptation to these phenomena requires taking into account the coping strategies (problem-focused or emotional-focused coping) implemented by the inhabitants of the exposed territories. A theoretical model of situational and dispositional factors determining these strategies has been proposed and tested empirically with 583 inhabitants of the island of Guadeloupe, which is exposed to said coastal flooding risk. The fit index confirms the adequacy of the model. The results indicate that coastal flooding risk perception, difficulties to regulate emotions, and place attachment predict avoidance coping. Vigilant coping is only predicted by perceived action efficiency. The roles of duration of residence and distance from the sea have been highlighted.
The effect of academic breaks on undergraduate academic performance
Authors: Lenskiy Artem , Shariat Raad , Seol Soonuk
Published: May 2020

Leaving school for a period of time can have significant effects on students’ academic success. In this article, we analyze how taking an academic break for a different number of semesters affects students’ academic performance in terms of their Grade Point Average. This study is conducted at a university in Korea by analysing academic records of 653 undergraduate students who entered the university from 1998 to 2013. In addition, 101 currently enrolled students were surveyed to collect students’ opinions on the effects of academic breaks. We investigate changes in grades before and after a school leave and compare the final grades of students who had academic breaks to students who continued their studies without having any breaks during their undergraduate education.Our results indicate that students’ grades improve after coming back to the university from a four or more consecutive semesters break, however their final GPAs did not statistically differ from their peers who studied continuously, this suggests that students should not be afraid of taking longer academic breaks.
Queering Growth in Mid-20th Century Philadelphia
Authors: Roane J. T.
Published: May 2020

In this essay, I highlight a critical, if under-examined, dialectic between dominant urbanism and Black queer urbanism. First, I demonstrate the ways that dominant urbanists drew on a sedimented historical imaginary of the slum as a racialized site of debilitation and death in their articulation of and support for new urban infrastructures designed to support long-term stability through capitalist growth. Anti-blackness formed a fundamental aspect of the syntax and grammar of urban renewal and redevelopment. Next, I examine the efforts of the adherents of Father Divine’s Peace Mission Movement to build a world centered in spiritually appropriated, communal architectures wherein their disruptive forms of social-geographic life challenged heteronormative futurity and segregation through the haptic politics of touch and what I term ecstatic consecration.
Incorporating Job Demand Variability Into Job Demands Theory: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Downes Patrick E. , Reeves Cody J. , McCormick Brian W. , Boswell Wendy R. , Butts Marcus M.
Published: May 2020

A rich history of research on job demands suggests that employees’ demands at work are related to their strain and engagement. This research often considers job demands to be fixed and stable over the course of workers’ experiences, despite the existing research showing that some employees experience high levels of job demands one day and low levels the next. We seek to extend research on job demands by introducing the idea that different employees experience different levels of job demand variability (i.e., variability in job demands over workers’ daily experiences). Relying on arousal theory, we posit that job demand variability moderates the between-person effects of overall job demand levels on employee strain and engagement. To test our theory, we conduct a meta-analytic path analysis of the existing experience sampling methodology research on challenge and hindrance job demands. Results show that the between-person effects of challenge (on strain and engagement) and hindrance demands (on engagement only) are stronger in studies where those demands have higher levels of daily within-person variability. Unexpectedly, the relationship between hindrance demands and strain was similarly strong across lower and higher degrees of variability. Our study suggests a need for more nuanced theory that explains how job demand variability plays a role in employee outcomes. Further, we conducted a simulation study to validate our methodology, offering utility to the broader management literature applying meta-analysis to study within-person variability. We discuss theoretical and practical implications as well as several directions for theory in this new line of reasoning.
Psychological Ownership: A Meta-Analysis and Comparison of Multiple Forms of Attachment in the Workplace
Authors: Zhang Yucheng , Liu Guangjian , Zhang Long , Xu Shan , Cheung Mike W.-L.
Published: May 2020

This quantitative review systematically integrates the antecedents and outcomes of psychological ownership (PO) and examines its incremental validity and explanatory power compared with two other forms of workplace attachment (i.e., organizational commitment and organizational identification). Across 141 studies published over 20 years, our meta-analysis shows that apart from the factors related to the three traditional categories of PO antecedents (i.e., control, knowing, and investment), safety (e.g., organizational justice, trust, perceived organizational support, and relational closeness) is an emerging antecedent leading to PO. In addition, we find that PO is related not only to employees’ attitudinal and performance outcomes but also to some dark-side outcomes (e.g., territorial behaviors). Furthermore, after applying two advanced methods, that is, two-stage meta-analytic structural equation modeling and dominance analysis, to the analysis of 294 studies (including 291 primary studies and three published meta-analyses), the results reveal that PO has an incremental validity above that of organizational commitment and organizational identification in predicting employees’ in-role performance and organizational citizenship behaviors. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Using SRSD to Improve the Fraction Computations of Students With and At-Risk for EBD
Authors: Losinski Mickey , Ennis Robin Parks , Shaw Ashley
Published: May 2020

This article provides results from a study examining the impact of a self-regulated strategy development (SRSD) intervention on the fraction calculations of three Grade 5 male students with or at-risk for emotional or behavioral disorders using a multiple-baseline across students, single-case design. The teacher-led SRSD Fractions intervention addressed adding and subtracting fractions with unlike denominators using the FILMS (Find the denominator, Identify the multiples, Locate the least common multiple, Multiply to make new fractions, Solve the problem) strategy. Results of fraction probes are reported along with a discussion of the study with respect to the research question posed, limitations, and future directions for research.
Musical expression in the training of future primary education teachers in Galicia
Authors: Rosa-Napal Francisco César , Muñoz-Carril Pablo-César , González-Sanmamed Mercedes , Romero Tabeayo Isabel
Published: May 2020

In this article, we present the results of a study about the perceptions of students studying for a degree in primary education about their music-teaching knowledge and their training needs in that area. The study was carried out in three public universities in Galicia (Spain). Using a quantitative methodological approach, a questionnaire was used to collect data from 302 participants. The results indicate some gaps in their practical, theoretical, and teaching knowledge related to musical expression which would have to be addressed through continued training during their professional practice. These gaps could also be considered in the design of teaching plans for teachers’ initial training. Considering that music is part of the primary education curriculum, and most people’s daily lives, careful thought is needed about the elements making up future teachers’ training. The measures which are adopted as a result will determine the use that will be made of music, both academically and as an interdisciplinary teaching resource.
Biological Recursion and Digital Systems: Conceptual Tools for Analysing Man-Machine Interaction
Authors: Totaro Paolo , Ninno Domenico
Published: May 2020

The theory of numbers, the theory of computation and well-known biological and neurological studies on cognition and consciousness all indicate the concept of recursion as their common denominator. Mathematical recursion owes its meaning and properties to a dual relationship between its results, which always constitute a sequence, and the operator that generated them, which is instead invariant. This article proposes that this duality in recursion originates from the duality between the biological homeostatic equilibrium in living systems and the adaptive physico-chemical changes required to sustain such equilibria. Such duality gives order and meaning to the experiences of a living system. One of the many implications of this innovative perspective is that this duality can decouple computational results from our intuitive order relations, and that this can cause a rarefaction of the capacity of digital systems to convey communication and favour adaptation to the environment.
Noise as Information: Finance Economics as Second-Order Observation
Authors: Cunningham Jesse , Curtis Huon
Published: May 2020

In noise we hear the possibility of a signal, indeed different signals, and in the multiplicity of signals we hear noise. With variation and selection comes dynamic evolution, a contingent state, one that could be otherwise. The term ‘polemogenous’ (from the French, polémogène) means that which generates polemics. And polemics are creative. If everyone, every system, were to reason in the same way, there would be silence. Every remark would be redundant, having no informational value. Thus noise is not bad. The essence of finance economics, like all that is social in nature, is a forming of meaning. Whatever cannot be formed meaningfully is not available to the system. This unavailability, as ‘noise’, is the dynamic difference (noise/information) that scintillates the system. Information, like morality, is polemogenous – it stirs contention. Without noise and the possibility of its conversion to information there would be no opportunities to exploit. This paper applies a systems theoretical understanding of observation to conceive of finance economics as the economy’s means of observing its noise and capitalizing on that polemic. Niklas Luhmann’s method is utilized to explicate some ideas on noise by financial economist Fischer Black, who suggests the incomprehensible is computable. This is finance. The fact that logical grounds, absolute deductions, and clear calculations are claimed to be rare in finance is no barrier to understanding it. Rather, this polyphonic and polemogenous information-selection is the ‘ground’ of finance, not as totalizing logic, but as different difference-production for the sake of deriving economic opportunity.
Bibliometric mapping of psychological well-being among children with a visual impairment
Authors: Kúld Pála B , Kef Sabina , Sterkenburg Paula S
Published: May 2020

Children with a visual impairment experience lower psychological well-being than normative populations. While research on this subject is abundant, an overview is lacking of the methods used and topics commonly studied, to guide future research. The aim was to provide a visual overview of common topics included in psychological well-being research from 2000 to 2018 among children with a visual impairment. We created a bibliometric map with the VOSviewer programme using the text mining functionality to construct and visualise co-occurrences of relevant terms from the titles and abstracts in the included literature. The results show that common subjective terms are behaviour, relationships, attachment and parenting, cerebral visual impairment, cerebral palsy, autism spectrum disorder, and intellectual disability. The common methodological terms include literature and randomized control trials, with the latter restricted to specific terms such as parenting. The conclusions and implications are that the results give insight into the subject terms studied in past years and provide a roadmap for future research in the fields of visual impairment and psychological well-being of children. The topics needing more research are rare disorders, siblings, assistive technology, romantic relationships, bullying, and the frequent cooccurrences of visual impairment with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability.
Mission and Martyrdom: A Reappraisal of Mark in African Context
Authors: Oxbrow Mark
Published: May 2020

The Greek term mártyras carries the double meaning of witness and martyr. This paper invites an exploration of the relationship between these two concepts in the contexts of first century and contemporary Africa using the life of St Mark as a historical lens. The paper suggests that many Western authored histories of the Christian movement are distorted by a lack of attention to the Eastern and African expansion of the Church in the early centuries and that contemporary African Christians have erroneously bought into this emaciated history and the theology to which it has given rise. Through an examination of various themes in the life, witness and death of St Mark, and the relationship between martyrdom and witness in African Christian history, the paper encourages a reappraisal of the African roots of Christianity as a rich source for contemporary discipleship in Africa and the universal Church.
Predictors of improved balance performance in persons with Parkinson’s disease following a training intervention: analysis of data from an effectiveness-implementation trial
Authors: Joseph Conran , Leavy Breiffni , Franzén Erika
Published: May 2020

Objective:

(1) To determine associated factors of improved balance performance after a 10-week HiBalance intervention period, and (2) to determine effects of the programme on modifiable factors found above, considering both groups.

Design:

Pre-posttest substudy founded on the outcomes evaluation of an effectiveness-implementation trial.

Participants:

Sixty-one participants were allocated the HiBalance training, while 56 were controls.

Intervention:

Participants received a 10-week, two times weekly, progressive balance training, that is, HiBalance intervention, led by physical therapists. The intervention was group based and gradually incorporated dual-tasking over the training period. Participants also performed, unsupervised, a 1×/week home exercise programme.

Main outcome:

The Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest) assessed balance performance, and those having improved by ⩾2 points were classified as positive responders. Balance confidence was the secondary outcome.

Results:

Fifty-three (87%) participants completed the intervention and 32 (60%) improved their balance scores by ⩾2 points in the intervention group, with 11 (24%) in the control group. The multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed two independently associated factors of improved balance, which included balance confidence (odds ratio (OR) = 0.95; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.90–0.99) and attendance of ⩾80% of training sessions (OR = 10.10; 95% CI = 1.71–59.60). The final model demonstrated good fit and acceptable discrimination (area under the curve = 0.84). Secondary analysis revealed a fair relationship (Rho = 0.30; P = 0.044) between improvements in balance confidence and balance performance in the intervention but not control group.

Conclusion:

Two personal factors were significantly associated with a higher likelihood of improvement in clinically measured balance performance. The HiBalance intervention appears to benefit those with lower balance confidence.
Long-term treatment effect of a modified jailed-balloon technique for de Winter syndrome: a case report
Authors: Du Ji-Bing , Wang Jia-Jia , Li Wen-Yu , Huo Xing-Yu , Li Ya-Nan , Chen Shu-Tao , Cong Hong-Liang , Wu Shao-Yuan , Wei Yi-Liang
Published: May 2020

Timely recognition of the characteristic electrocardiographic pattern of de Winter syndrome is important for providing immediate reperfusion therapy for acute anterior myocardial infarction. In this case, an electrocardiogram showed 1- to 3-mm upsloping ST-segment depression at the J point in leads V1 to V6, with loss of R wave progression in leads V1 to V4. Urgent angiography showed occlusion of the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery and 70% stenosis in the ostial first diagonal branch (Medina type 1.1.1.). For this bifurcation lesion, we successfully performed a modified jailed-balloon technique to protect the side branch during percutaneous coronary intervention stenting. Thereafter, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction 3 flow was restored in both branches. This modified jailed-balloon technique is safe and effective in stent placement for de Winter syndrome without any loss of side branches.
Cross-Correlation Analysis of Line Laser High-speed Inertial Profilers
Authors: Borelli Noah , Choubane Bouzid , Greene James , Holzschuher Charles , Fletcher James
Published: May 2020

Thirteen different line-laser high-speed inertial profilers from four different manufacturers were recently tested at the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) Inertial Profiler Test Track. The hot-mix asphalt (HMA) track incorporates both dense and open-graded sections with international roughness index (IRI) values ranging from 34 to 104 in./mi. A cross-correlation analysis was performed on the resulting ride data. The accuracy comparison was performed using a SurPro reference profiler. The profilers as a group met the AASHTO R 56 cross-correlation criteria on each section except on a smooth, open-graded section. The profilers as a group met the repeatability cross-correlation on this section, but did not meet the accuracy cross-correlation requirement. This paper presents a description of the testing program, data collection efforts and subsequent analyses and findings.
E-waste recycling intention paradigm of small and medium electronics store managers in Bangladesh: An S–O–R perspective
Authors: Mahmud Imran , Sultana Sadia , Rahman Ashikur , Ramayah T. , Cheng Ling Tan
Published: May 2020

Each year Bangladesh produces around 400,000 metric tonnes of e-waste. E-waste accumulation is expected to increase by 20% annually. In order to facilitate e-waste recycling, it is crucial to identify the factors. In this study, building on the stimulus-organism-response framework, we develop a research model to explore the effect of information publicity, ascription of responsibility and convenience of recycling on the recycling attitude, subjective norm, personal norm and perceived behaviour control which lead to recycling intention. Data were gathered from 127 small and medium electronics store managers. The structural equation modelling technique was used to test the paths. The result suggests a significant influence of the element of stimulus (S) on the element of organism (O). The relationship between the element of organism (O) and the element of response (R) is partial. This paper contributes to the body of work dedicated to helping us better understand the recycling behaviour from the stimulus-organism-response perspective. From the viewpoint of practice, this research sheds light on some of the challenges that the implementer might face when making strategy and policy for e-waste management in Bangladesh.
Marine spongin incorporation into Biosilicate® for tissue engineering applications: An in vivo study
Authors: Parisi Julia Risso , Fernandes Kelly Rossetti , Aparecida do Vale Giovanna Caroline , de França Santana Alan , de Almeida Cruz Matheus , Fortulan Carlos Alberto , Zanotto Edgar Dutra , Peitl Oscar , Granito Renata Neves , Rennó Ana Claudia Muniz
Published: May 2020

Biomaterials and bone grafts, with the ability of stimulating tissue growth and bone consolidation, have been emerging as very promising strategies to treat bone fractures. Despite its well-known positive effects of biosilicate (BS) on osteogenesis, its use as bone grafts in critical situations such as bone defects of high dimensions or in non-consolidated fractures may not be sufficient to stimulate tissue repair. Consequently, several approaches have been explored to improve the bioactivity of BS. A promising strategy to reach this aim is the inclusion of an organic part, such as collagen, in order to mimic bone structure. Thus, the present study investigated the biological effects of marine spongin (SPG)-enriched BS composites on the process of healing, using a critical experimental model of cranial bone defect in rats. Histopathological and immunohistochemistry analyzes were performed after two and six weeks of implantation to investigate the effects of the material on bone repair (supplemental material-graphical abstract). Histological analysis demonstrated that for both BS and BS/SPG, similar findings were observed, with signs of material degradation, the presence of granulation tissue along the defect area and newly formed bone into the area of the defect. Additionally, histomorphometry showed that the control group presented higher values for Ob.S/BS (%) and for N.Ob/T.Ar (mm2) (six weeks post-surgery) compared to BS/SPG and higher values of N.Ob/T.Ar (mm2) compared to BS (two weeks post-surgery). Moreover, BS showed higher values for OV/TV (%) compared to BS/SPG (six weeks post-surgery). Also, VEGF immunohistochemistry was increased for BS (two weeks post-surgery) and for BS/SPG (six weeks) compared to CG. TGFb immunostaining was higher for BS compared to CG. The results of this study demonstrated that the BS and BS/SPG scaffolds were biocompatible and able to support bone formation in a critical bone defect in rats. Moreover, an increased VEGF immunostaining was observed in BS/SPG.
Linking HEIs with the production sector: A communication approach between key actors in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico
Authors: Limones Meráz Tomás Francisco , Amador Julieta Flores , Reaiche Carmen
Published: May 2020

To keep up with rapid evolutions in technical and scientific developments, countries must create competitive dynamics that enable key actors to generate high-tech projects, boosting both a country’s productivity and economic development. Higher education institutions (HEIs), with their intellectual capital and as core generators of knowledge, are one of the main actors in these dynamics, particularly given their societal responsibilities and contributions to intellectual development and technical knowledge in the community. This article aims to identify the relationship patterns required for actors to create a fully participatory and integrative process between HEIs and the production sector (PS). This integrative and linking process generates and improves technical projects in the region. Through a literature review and an analysis of current empirical evidence on the effectiveness of the relationship between these two sectors in the region, an interrelational map has been developed. This map aims to highlight key activities to be considered during the execution of the linkage and to identify an ecosystem of necessary elements to develop a diagnostic evaluation tool. This tool may be used to define the ideal conditions that should lead to project development between the HEIs and the PS. The article presents the region of Ciudad Juárez in Mexico as a case study.
Performance of a new guideline for telephone triage in out-of-hours services in Belgium: A pilot study using simulated patients
Authors: Morreel Stefan , Philips Hilde , Colliers Annelies , Verhoeven Veronique
Published: May 2020

Background

Patients in Belgium needing out-of-hours care have two options: the emergency department or the general practitioner on call often organised in a general practitioner cooperative. Currently, there is no triage system in Belgium so patients do not know where to go.

Methods

Our primary objective was to examine the ability of a newly developed telephone guideline, called 1733, to adequately estimate the urgency of health problems presented by simulated patients. Ten clinical vignettes were presented to 12 operators in a simulated phone call. The operators had to assign a protocol, urgency level and resource to dispatch (ambulance, general practitioner house visit, etc.) to each case.

Results

A total of 120 phone calls were analysed. The operators chose the right protocol in 69% and the correct urgency level in 35% of the cases. The proportion of under- and over-triage was 26% and 39%, respectively. There was important variation in between the operators. The sensitivity for detecting highly urgent cases was 0.42, the specificity 0.92.

Conclusion

Using the new Belgian 1733 guideline for telephone triage, operators mostly chose the appropriate protocol but only chose the correct urgency in one out of three cases. In this phase of development, the studied telephone guideline is not ready for implementation.
Clinicopathological, dermoscopic, and ultrastructural observation of annular secondary syphilis on the penis
Authors: Li Fang-Gu , Huang Wen-Bin , Chen Hao-Song , Wang Tian , Fan Yi-Ming
Published: May 2020

Annular syphilis may range from mildly raised lesions with scaly borders to verrucous plaques. Localized annular syphilis on the genitalia has been rarely reported in HIV-negative cases. This paper reports a case of annular secondary syphilis on the penis. Dermoscopy showed peripheral dotted and short linear vessels and white scaling with a relatively clear central area in an erythematous annular plaque. Histopathology revealed mild hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, psoriasiform acanthosis, and focal basal vacuolar degeneration with lichenoid, perivascular, and periadnexal infiltrate of lymphohistiocytes and plasma cells in the superficial dermis. Silver stain showed several spirochetes in the lower epidermis and superficial dermis. Electron microscopy revealed a few intercellular and intracytoplasmic spirochetes in the basal epidermis and free spirochetes in the papillary dermis. Rapid plasma reagin and Treponema pallidum particle agglutination assays were positive. The lesions disappeared after intramuscular benzathine penicillin, with no relapse at six-month follow-up.
What knowledge and attitudes inform public librarians’ interactions with library patrons in crisis?
Authors: Williams Rachel D. , Ogden Lydia P.
Published: May 2020

Using a thematic analysis, this article explores the knowledge and attitudes that inform public librarians’ interactions with people in crisis. Through five focus groups with 22 librarians at a large urban public library system, the study addresses how public librarians support people in crisis, what kinds of barriers and opportunities they experience, and how their perspectives on supporting patrons in crisis have professional impacts. Focusing on both the knowledge and attitudes of public librarians, this research has implications for exploring how public librarians can develop knowledge, attitudes, and skills that may be beneficial for supporting patrons in crisis.
Ocular Sebaceous Carcinoma In Situ With Biphenotypic Differentiation: A Reappraisal of the Alternative Origin of the Tumor
Authors: Yim C. L. , Lam S. C. , Yuen Hunter Kwok Lai , Cheuk Wah
Published: May 2020

Ocular sebaceous carcinoma is an uncommon, aggressive tumor arising from the Meibomian gland, Zeis gland, or sebaceous glands in the caruncle or eyelashes. We described a rare case of sebaceous carcinoma in situ in a 51-year-old female that was characterized by intraepithelial growth of sebaceous carcinoma cells with no invasive carcinoma in the underlying sebaceous glands. Early stromal invasion was identified that featured 2 distinctive but focally intermixed populations of sebaceous carcinoma cells and squamous carcinoma cells. The 2 populations of cells exhibited their respective distinct immunophenotype but both showed strong overexpression of p53. This case provides evidence to support the hypothesis that some ocular sebaceous carcinoma may arise from intraepithelial pluripotent stem cells.
Gender-Discordant Monochorionic-Diamniotic Twins Both With 45,X/46,X, Idic(Y) Mosaicism and a Novel Deletion Within the TBC1D5 Gene
Authors: Inamdar Arati A , Diamond Michael , Shertz Wendy
Published: May 2020

The occurrence of monochorionic diamniotic twins with sex discordance is a very rare phenomenon. We present a case of spontaneously conceived gender-discordant monochorionic diamniotic twins born to a 23-year-old female, both twins demonstrating similar blood karyotype 45,X/46,X, idic(Y) and a novel 99 kb mutation at 3p24.3 involving exons 15–16 of transcript NM_001134381.1 of the Tre-2/Bub2/Cdc16 Domain Family Member 5 ( TBC1D5) gene. The male twin showed no anatomic abnormalities and pelvic ultrasound revealed descended gonads. The female twin had a horseshoe-shaped kidney, normal uterus, and intra-abdominal gonads. The blood karyotype and microarray studies revealed similar distribution of X and isodicentric Y chromosome along with a novel genetic mutation which has not been previously reported. Our case findings not only report Turner syndrome mosaicism with a novel genetic mutation but also stress the importance of clinical follow-up of twins in order to evaluate the functional abnormalities associated with isodicentric Y chromosomes including germ cell tumors.
Static and dynamic pelvic kinematics after one-stage bilateral or unilateral total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Loppini Mattia , Temporiti Federico , Furone Roberta , Galli Manuela , Grappiolo Guido , Gatti Roberto
Published: May 2020

Introduction:

The pelvis rotates simultaneously around both hips along sagittal, frontal and transversal planes and its kinematics change in patients after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Consequently, it is reasonable to expect different pelvic kinematic profiles in bilateral or unilateral THA. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare pelvic kinematics in patients with bilateral or unilateral THA.

Methods:

40 patients undergoing bilateral ( n = 20) or unilateral ( n = 20) THA were evaluated for pelvic kinematics during standing and walking tasks using an optoelectronic system. Mean pelvic orientation was assessed during standing, whereas the Gait Variable Score (GVS), maximum and minimum peaks, range and values of pelvic tilt, obliquity and rotation during Heel-Strike and Toe-Off phases of gait cycle were calculated during walking. Data were collected the day before and at seven days after surgery.

Results:

At baseline, no between-group differences were found. At 7 days, GVS for pelvic tilt ( p = 0.029) and rotation ( p = 0.046) were closer to normative data in bilateral patients, who also revealed lower maximum peak of anterior tilt ( p = 0.013) and lower range of pelvic tilt during gait ( p = 0.031) with respect to unilateral cases. No between-group differences were found for pelvic orientation during standing at any time-point.

Conclusions:

Bilateral patients revealed more physiological pelvic kinematics than unilateral cases. These findings underline the advantage of patients undergoing 1-stage bilateral THA and may be helpful in selecting personalised rehabilitative approaches.
Quantitative assessment of required separator fluid volume in multi-infusion settings
Authors: Doesburg Frank , Middendorp Daniek , Dieperink Willem , Bult Wouter , Nijsten Maarten W , Touw Daan J
Published: May 2020

Background:

Administering a separator fluid between incompatible solutions can optimize the use of intravenous lumens. Factors affecting the required separator fluid volume to safely separate incompatible solutions are unknown.

Methods:

An intravenous tube (2-m, 2-mL, 6-French) containing methylene blue dye was flushed with separator fluid until a methylene blue concentration ⩽2% from initial was reached. Independent variables were administration rate, dye solvent (glucose 5% and NaCl 0.9%), and separator fluid. In the second part of the study, methylene blue, separator fluid, and eosin yellow were administered in various administration profiles using 2- and 4-mL (2 × 2 m, 4-mL, 6-French) intravenous tubes.

Results:

Neither administration rate nor solvent affected the separator fluid volume ( p = 0.24 and p = 0.12, respectively). Glucose 5% as separator fluid required a marginally smaller mean ± SD separator fluid volume than NaCl 0.9% (3.64 ± 0.13 mL vs 3.82 ± 0.11 mL, p < 0.001). Using 2-mL tubing required less separator fluid volume than 4-mL tubing for methylene blue (3.89 ± 0.57 mL vs 4.91 ± 0.88 mL, p = 0.01) and eosin yellow (4.41 ± 0.56 mL vs 5.63 ± 0.15 mL, p < 0.001). Extended tubing required less separator fluid volume/mL of tubing than smaller tubing for both methylene blue (2 vs 4 mL, 1.54 ± 0.22 vs 1.10 ± 0.19, p < 0.001) and eosin yellow (2 vs 4 mL, 1.75 ± 0.22 vs 1.25 ± 0.03, p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

The separator fluid volume was neither affected by the administration rate nor by solvent. Glucose 5% required a marginally smaller separator fluid volume than NaCl 0.9%, however its clinical impact is debatable. A larger intravenous tubing volume requires a larger separator fluid volume. However, the ratio of separator fluid volume to the tubing’s volume decreases as the tubing volume increases.
Knowledge guardianship, custodianship and ethics: a Melanesian perspective
Authors: Sanga Kabini , Reynolds Martyn
Published: May 2020

Across the world, knowledge communities categorise and attach conditions of guardianship to different kinds of knowledge. For private or secret knowledge, those responsible for its care have obligations for arranging and restricting transmission to ensure community survival. While an insider/outsider positionality is often used to navigate this knowledge area, a binary approach is unhelpful. Taking a more relational reading of positionality, we support a dynamic understanding of the transmission of restricted knowledge, using relevant principles of guardianship or custodianship. Based on a Melanesian Solomon Islands tribe, the study sketches a set of principles and shows how they operate in practice. Our intents are to honour the contribution that Melanesian thought makes to rethinking research dichotomies regarding secret knowledge, that readers appreciate the dynamic nature of knowledge guardianship, and that this case study enhances the discussion on ethical entitlement to, or restriction of, Indigenous knowledge in the Pacific region and beyond.
Highlights from the 2019 European Congress on Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS 2019)
Authors: Lünemann Jan D , Diaz-Diaz Judit , Stankoff Bruno , Young Carolyn , Siva Aksel , Miller Aaron , Lubetzki Catherine , Wiendl Heinz , Oreja-Guevara Celia
Published: May 2020

The 2019 ECTRIMS Congress, in Stockholm, has had record-breaking figures for both attendance and scientific production. There were 9361 participants from 100 different countries for a total of 1541 abstracts. Upon invitation of the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS) executive committee, the authors of this meeting report assessed abstracts from all poster and oral presentations for novelty, scientific quality and relevance for basic and clinical multiple sclerosis (MS) research. The objective of this report is to highlight a selection of basic, translational and clinical studies out of the many outstanding projects that were presented. Abstracts and references cited in our report were chosen at the discretion of the authors and all co-authors and the ECTRIMS executive committee agreed on the selection. In the event of discrepancies between the abstract and the uploaded poster or presentation, we aimed to present data derived from the poster or presentation. All abstracts are accessible through the ECTRIMS online library ( https://onlinelibrary.ectrimscongress.eu/ectrims/#!*menu=36*browseby=3*sortby=2*ce_id=160 ) and also published in this journal (Volume 25 Issue 2_suppl, September 2019; https://journals.sagepub.com/toc/msja/25/2_suppl ). A few additional references from the literature were added but were restricted to the ones that authors considered as absolutely required for an optimized understanding of the topics highlighted.
Education for potentiality (against instrumentality)
Authors: Lewis Tyson E
Published: May 2020

In this article, the author problematizes two well-known positions on the relationship between means and ends in education. On the one side, there are those who problematize the means of education without necessarily redefining its ends, and on the other hand, there are those who challenge the purported ends of education while maintaining certain means. These two positions can take any number of progressive and conservative forms. While there are virtues to these projects, this article argues that both take for granted an underlying sense of education as a means to an end, and thus lend themselves to some version of instrumentality. Proposing a radically different formulation, this article turns to Giorgio Agamben and his notions of the impotential act, pure means, and use. The author suggests that the current challenge to think education beyond instrumentality ought to conceptualize education not as a means to an end or an end in itself but as a pure means. The article then offers three versions of education as a pure means: allowing, preferring not to, and contemplating. Each of these examples proposes a specific kind of inoperative, non-instrumental form of educational life for teachers and studiers, respectively.
Effects of military training on plasma amino acid concentrations and their associations with overreaching
Authors: Ikonen Jenni N , Joro Raimo , Uusitalo Arja LT , Kyröläinen Heikki , Kovanen Vuokko , Atalay Mustafa , Tanskanen-Tervo Minna M
Published: May 2020

Amino acids are thought to have a key role in the processes contributing to overreaching development through their metabolic properties and neuronal functions. In the present study, the effects of 10-week military training on the concentrations of 19 amino acids were investigated. Plasma amino acid concentrations were measured at rest from 53 healthy male conscripts on weeks 1, 4, 7, and 9 of their military service. Conscripts were classified as overreached and non-overreached. Overreaching classification was based on fulfilling at least three of five criteria: greater than 5% decrease in maximal oxygen uptake, increased rating perceived exertion (RPE), and decreased lactate-RPE ratio in submaximal marching test, admitting feeling overloaded and both increased scores in fatigue and decreased scores in vigor in the Profile of Mood States Adolescents. Eight conscripts (15%) were classified as overreached; their glutamine–glutamate ratio and alanine and arginine levels were significantly lower ( P < 0.05) and glutamate concentration significantly higher ( P < 0.05) in comparison to their non-overreached counterparts. The levels of arginine increased ( P < 0.05) and tryptophan ( P < 0.001) decreased in both groups throughout the study. The tyrosine concentration increased in non-overreached but, in contrast, remained at the same level in overreached individuals ( P < 0.05). The results suggest that alterations in the levels of three metabolically important amino acids, alanine, glutamate and arginine, and the possibly neuroactive tyrosine and tryptophan might explain some of the physical and psychological symptoms of overreaching. The present study also confirms the potential use of glutamine–glutamate ratio as a tool for detecting overreaching.

Impact statement

The diagnosis of overtraining syndrome and overreaching poses a great challenge. Military training aims at improving the physical performance of the conscripts, but an excessive training load could also lead to overreaching. This study of Finnish conscripts provides new insights into the pathophysiology of overreaching and overtraining through amino acids concentrations. In addition to confirming the possible use of plasma glutamine/glutamate concentration to indicate and predict overreaching, we made a novel finding, i.e. low alanine and arginine concentrations might have a role in performance decrement and fatigue related to overreaching. Moreover, this study is the first to show the possible association between amino acids with putative neuronal properties and overreaching. Thus, the present findings might help to detect and prevent overreaching and offer a reliable diagnostic approach. In order to avoid overreaching, military training should be planned more periodically and individually, especially during the first four weeks of military service.
Quantitative EEG Findings in Patients With Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures
Authors: Arıkan Kemal , Öksüz Özden , Metin Barış , Günver Güven , Laçin Çetin Hamide , Esmeray Taha , Tarhan Nevzat
Published: May 2020

Objective. Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES), is one of the clinical manifestations of conversion disorder that epileptiform discharges do not accompany. Factors capable of increasing susceptibility to these seizures have not been adequately investigated yet. This study aims to investigate the quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) findings for PNES by evaluating the resting EEG spectral power changes during the periods between seizures. Methods. Thirty-nine patients (29 females, 10 males) diagnosed with PNES (group 1) and 47 patients (23 females, 24 males) without any psychiatric diagnosis (group 2) were included in the study. The patients underwent a psychiatric examination at their first visit, were diagnosed and their EEGs were recorded. Using fast Fourier transformation (FFT), spectral power analysis was calculated for delta (0.5-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha (8-13 Hz), beta (15-30 Hz), high-beta (25-30 Hz), gamma-1 (31-40 Hz), gamma-2 (41-50 Hz), and gamma (30-80 Hz) frequency bands. Results. Six separate EEG band power, namely (C3-high beta, C3-gamma, C3-gamma-1, C3-gamma-2, P3-gamma, P3 gamma-1), were found to be higher in the patients diagnosed with PNES than in the control group. Conclusion. Our findings show that PNES correlate with high-frequency oscillations on central motor and somatosensory cortices.
Indirect online tool wear monitoring and model-based identification of process-related signal
Authors: Stavropoulos Panagiotis , Papacharalampopoulos Alexios , Souflas Thanassis
Published: May 2020

Tool wear monitoring using vibrations is a complex task, due to various simultaneously occurring vibration sources and due to distortion of the signals acquired. This work investigates the mechanism by which tool wear information is concealed within acquired process-intrinsic vibration signals. Excluding other sources of vibration, such as machine-related, is attempted utilizing process simulations. As a case study, face milling is performed for three different cutting speeds. At first, the resulted simulated wear curves have been compared with experimental ones resulted under the same cutting conditions. Then, a quantification of the effect of tool wear on the acquired signals is presented.