bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Publiskas personas tiesības uz savu attēlu preses brīvības kontekstā
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Bitāns Agris
Published: June 2023

The article is dedicated to the scope of protection of the right of public figure to its own image in conjunction with the freedom of press. Since the approaches to the matter in hand differ not only between US and Europe, but also amongst the EU countries, there is systemic inconsistency regarding the right of publicity (publicity right) and the right to personality (personality right). Latvia needs to introduce appropriate legal term analogical to publicity right, which describes the right of an individual be protected against unauthorised use of person’s likeness (photo or video) with a commercial or an otherwise public purpose. Despite the fact that public figures have less protection from press, it is very important to establish proper balance between public interests and private interests, since an individual, even if he or she is a public figure, does not forfeit all the privacy or individual protection.
Konvertējamās obligācijas un to civiltiesiskās apgrozības ierobežojumi
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Zeņķis Pauls
Published: June 2023

A bond is a debt security, under which its issuer undertakes to repay to the bondholder the principal of the bond and the interest (the coupon) at a specified point in time, that is to be considered as the extinguishing of bonds. There are several types of bonds: bonds issued by the public sector, bonds issued by capital companies, publicly available bonds, private bonds, convertible bonds, subordinated bonds, exchangeable bonds, etc. A convertible bond is a bond that its holder is entitled to swap for the issuer’s shares within a specified term. Thus, a convertible bond is a debt security that can be converted into equities, in accordance with the conversion rules. After the conversion of convertible bonds, the holder of the bonds becomes a shareholder of the bond issuer.
Patērētāja lēmuma autonomijas ievērošana digitālajā vidē: pierādīšanas pienākums
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Dāvida Zanda
Published: June 2023

In the last decade, the digitalization of the consumer market has given opportunities to performer of commercial practices to effectively influence the autonomy of the consumer’s decision. The digital economy has developed many different types of commercial practices that nudge consumers to make transactional decisions that are contrary to their interests, such as dark patterns. Currently, the most important legal instrument for the protection of consumer decision autonomy in the European Union is the regulation of the prohibition of unfair commercial practices. However, the new challenges reduce the effectiveness of regulation. The article analyses one of the current legal problems – the compliance of the burden of the proof model with the reality of the digital environment. The article argues that the model is not suitable for ensuring a high level of protection of consumer decision autonomy in the digital economy, therefore the regulation of the unfair commercial practices’ prohibition should be changed radically.
Zvērināta notāra pienākums novērtēt rīcībspēju cilvēkiem ar garīga rakstura traucējumiem
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Kadile Laura
Published: June 2023

This article focuses on the legal obligation of notaries to assess the capacity of persons before concluding a notarial act. In particular, it examines how legal doctrine and case law reveal the procedure for complying with this obligation in Latvia, focusing on the possible challenges of assessing the capacity of persons with mental disabilities. The German legal framework concerning this topic is also addressed. The key idea proposed by the article is that compliance with the obligation should not be declaratory, thereby jeopardising the protection of mentally disabled persons in a legal transaction. It is necessary to establish a mechanism for the assessment of capacity to act in order to ensure that the obligation to assess capacity is implemented in a consistent manner.
Konstitūcijas pārākuma princips
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Pleps Jānis
Published: June 2023

The principle of supremacy of constitution is a mandatory requirement of the existence of the written constitution in the relevant legal system. This principle allows to ensure the supreme legal force and enforcement of the constitution in the legal and social reality. In the Latvian legal system, the principle of supremacy of constitution is recognized as a general principle of law and consequence of the principle of rule of law. This concept was developed after proclamation of the Republic of Latvia and existed as an unwritten norm without special provision in the text of constitution. The principle of supremacy of constitution recognizes the constitution as a legal act with supreme legal force and requires for all other legal acts to be compatible with the constitution. It is forbidden to apply legal norms which do not comply with the constitution. As a legal act with supreme legal force, the constitution cannot be amended with ordinary legislative acts. The principle of supremacy of constitution requires mechanisms of constitutional review in the legal system.
Faktiskās rīcības seku novēršana tiesību uz efektīvu tiesas aizsardzību kontekstā
Authors:   atvijas Universitāte, Kovaļevska Anita
Published: June 2023

In order to ensure that the right to effective judicial protection is respected, the court must have the power to order that the consequences of the authorities’ real action be remedied. In Latvia, such competence of administrative courts is recognised. However, there is no uniformity in the case law as to whether the court deals with this issue as one of the issues to be decided in an action for the cessation of a real action or an action for a declaration that a real action is unlawful, or whether the court treats it as an action for taking a real action. A comparison of the two options leads to the conclusion that both are legally permissible, but that the first option has some advantages.
Tiesības uz atlīdzinājumu par publiskas personas nepamatotu privātpersonas tiesību aizskārumu
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Pankrate Elīna
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this paper is to analyse legal aspects, prerequisites and conditions of rights to commensurate compensation for unjustified violation of rights in those cases when a public person has unjustifiably engaged in commercial activity and thereby violated the rights of a person without a basis.
Policijas izziņas teorētiskais diskurss un tās īstenošanas problemātika Latvijā starpkaru periodā
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Skutele Signe
Published: June 2023

In the interwar period of the Republic of Latvia, with the adoption of the amendments to the Criminal Procedure Law in 1939, legalisation of the inquiry was performed, equating it to the information acquired within preliminary investigation. However, before the implementation of the reform in the Republic of Latvia, information obtained within the framework of the inquiry was already legitimised and used as evidence in the preliminary investigation and court proceedings. Although the reasons for the reform were the improvement of the effectiveness and high qualification of the police, taking into account the theoretical discourse of the police inquiry, it can be established that the implemented reforms strengthened the inquisitorial criminal process without addressing the problems existing in practice. Within the scope of the current article, the author has analysed theoretical and practical aspects of the inquiry in the Republic of Latvia during the interwar period, identifying the scope of the inquiry specified in the Criminal Procedure Law and its enforcement procedures, as well as the reasons and objectives of the amendments to the Criminal Procedure Law of 1939 regarding the legalisation of inquiry.
Juridiskā siloģisma jēdziens
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Musts Jānis
Published: June 2023

To properly engage with the notion of the legal syllogism, a sufficiently broad definition is required. The aim of this paper is to create such a definition. The author concludes that the legal syllogism is a deductive argument with a predetermined content that is related to the application of legal norms.
Perbedaan Sikap Mahasiswa dalam Merawat Pasien Menjelang Ajal di Institusi Keperawatan Umum dan Berciri Agama
Authors: A'la Muhamad Zulfatul , Siswoyo Siswoyo , Maghfiroh Rahmawati L.
Published: June 2023

Students attitude towards palliative care is essential to improve the quality service for dying patients. Ideally, this positive attitudes must be flexible in interpersonal relationship and build up a direct communication, psycological relationship between patient and family, and considering of taking care of dying patients. This research determined the differences between attitude of nursing students at nursing institution with general nursing curriculum and nursing curriculum of religion in caring for dying patients. This research used stratified random sampling method and cross-sectional design. The data used Frommelt Attitudes towards the Care of the Dying Care Form B of Indonesian version (FATCOD-B-I) quesionnarrie in 102 correspondents. The result of this research showed that there is difference attitudes between nursing students from nursing institution with general nursing curriculum (104,18±7,557) and at nursing institution with curriculum of religion (99,82±8,532) in taking care of dying patients with P=0.008. The factors that affect the result is academic background, level of experience, training education of nursing students. For future to know about other factor of attitude toward caring of dying patient such as age and culture.
 
Abstrak
Sikap mahasiswa dalam perawatan menjelang ajal merupakan hal yang esensial dalam upaya peningkatan kualitas pelayanan menjelang ajal. Idealnya, fleksibel dalam hubungan interpersonal, adanya keinginan untuk menjalin komunikasi terbuka, pemikiran psikologis yang berkaitan dengan pasien dan keluarga, dan menganggap merawat pasien menjelang ajal merupakan hal yang menyenangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan sikap mahasiswa dalam merawat pasien menjelang ajal di institusi pendidikan dengan kurikulum keperawatan umum dan kurikulum keperawatan berciri agama di wilayah Jember. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif komparatif dengan desain penelitian Cross Sectional. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner Frommelt Attitudes towards the Care of the Dying Care Form B of Indonesian version (FATCOD-B-I) dengan 102 responden. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan sikap mahasiswa dari institusi pendidikan dengan kurikulum keperawatan umum (104,18±7,557) dan mahasiswa dari institusi pendidikan dengan kurikulum keperawatan berciri agama (99,82±8,532) dalam merawat pasien menjelang ajal dengan P=0.008. Faktor – faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi yaitu level akademik, pengalaman dalam merawat pasien menjelang ajal, pelatihan perawatan pasien menjelang ajal. Penelitian menyarankan untuk meneliti faktor lain terkait faktor usia dan budaya yang dapat mempengaruhi sikap mahasiswa dalam merawat pasien menjelang ajal.
Kata Kunci: Kurikulum, Mahasiswa, Sikap, Perawatan Paliatif
KOMPONEN FAKTOR ABIOTIK LINGKUNGAN TEMPAT TUMBUH PUSPA (Schima wallichii DC. Korth) DI KAWASAN HUTAN ADAT BULIAN KABUPATEN MUSIRAWAS
Authors: Nursanti Nursanti , Adriadi Ade Adriadi , Sai'in Sai'in
Published: June 2023

The puspa plant (Schima wallichii) is a tree species that is widely used as building raw material, producing firewood, making paper, furniture industry, animal feed, traditional herbal medicine and producing dyes. Puspa Plants in the Bulian Customary Forest Area Grows in environmental conditions with a flat topography, namely at a slope of 0%-5%, alluvial soil type, pH conditions ranging from 5-6 and brown soil color, clay texture, dusty clay, to dusty clay loam with a percentage of 2%-9% sand per ticket, 21%-64% dust particles and clay particles ranging from 33%-75%. The nutrient content of N ranges from 0.15% - 0.2%; nutrient K ranges from 0.01% - 0.02%; nutrient Ca ranges from 0% - 0.06%; Mg nutrients ranged from 0.01% - 0.04% and P nutrient content from 4.64 me/100g to 17.27 me/100g. While the abiotic component of climatic factors, puspa plants grow in environmental conditions with daily light intensity ranging from 112.25 lux - 2156.25 lux, temperature and humidity ranging from 28.30C - 30.60C while daily humidity ranges from 85.25% - 96.25%.Keywords: Abiotic Factors, Puspa Plant (Schima wallichii), Bulian Traditional Forest
SCREENING ANTAGONISTIK ACTINOBACTERIA SEBAGAI AGEN BIOKONTROL TERHADAP Ganoderma boninense
Authors: Maritsa Hasnaul , Riany Hesti
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Actinobacteria (Actinomycetes) is a unique group among microbe and prokaryotes. They have both characteristics of fungi and bacteria. Actinobacteria could produce a wide range of secondary metabolites such as antibiotics, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antiviral, anticholesterol, antihelminth, anticancer, and immunosuppressant. It may cause a better combination as a biocontrol agent for plants. This research aimed to investigating potential actinomycetes as biocontrol agents of fungal plant pathogens, especially Ganoderma boninense. The method in this research consists of a few steps. Those are samples collection from soil and water in the primer forest and plantation soil (palm oil), samples isolation, actinobacteria characterization, and evaluation of the antifungal activity. The result has shown that 29 fungal isolates were found in this study. The percent growth inhibition (PGI) of actinobacteria isolates variated from 0-81,58%. And their inhibition mechanisms were antibiosis and competition.
Keywords: actinomycetes, antimicrobial, fungal plant pathogen
 
ABSTRAK
Actinobacteria (Actinomycetes) adalah kelompok unik dari kelompok mikroba dan prokariota. Actinobacteria memiliki karakteristik jamur dan bakteri dan dapat menghasilkan berbagai metabolit sekunder seperti antibiotik, antijamur, antiprotozoal, antivirus, antikolesterol, antihelminth, antikanker, serta imunosupresan. Kemampuanya ini dapat dimanfaatkan untuk campuran pada agen biokontrol tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi aktinomisetes sebagai agen biokontrol jamur patogen tanaman, khususnya Ganoderma boninense. Metode dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari beberapa langkah, yaitu pengambilan sampel dari tanah dan air di hutan primer dan tanah perkebunan (kelapa sawit), isolasi sampel, karakterisasi aktinobakteri, dan evaluasi aktivitas antijamur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 29 isolat jamur yang ditemukan. Persentase hambatan pertumbuhan (PGI) isolat aktinobakteri bervariasi antara 0-81,58%. Dan mekanisme penghambatannya adalah antibiosis dan kompetisi.
 Kata kunci: actinomycetes, antimikroba, jamur patogen tanaman
Red Rust vs Yellow Rust: Metamorphoses of the Soviet Play on Broadway
Authors:   St. Petersburg University, Gudkov Maxim M.
Published: June 2023

The study focuses on the adaptation of a politically engaged dramaturgical work from Bolshevik Russia — Vladimir Kirshon’s and Andrey Uspensky’s play Konstantin Terekhin (Rust) — to the specific requirements of Broadway, the commercial theater of the USA, and the textual changes of the Soviet original associated with it. The basic principles of the Broadway theater creative and organizational model, drastically different from the repertory theater of post-revolutionary Russia, are defined — the primacy of commerce over artistry, the absence of state support and censorship, a respectable audience that does not accept radical political ideas. On the American stage the Soviet play was produced in 1929, with the changed title (Red Rust), and the text subjected to changes and distortions. The paper considers these changes in the context of American socio–economic life of the Red Thirties. The discrepancy between the original dramaturgical material and the specific requirements of the American commercial theater is analyzed. The free handling of the text from Bolshevik Russia in the US theater is due to the absence of copyright regulations between the two countries. The process of exporting the play to the United States — via Paris and London — is being reconstructed. Three sources that have carried out the textual transformation of the Soviet original are characterized: the authors of the French-language adaptation from Russian (Fernand Nozière and Vladimir Bienstock), British translators from French into English (Virginia and Frank Vernon) and Broadway stage director who previously visited Moscow and sought to introduce into the text what, in his opinion, Soviet censorship would not allow (Herbert Biberman). The study is based on the materials from the Beinecke Library of Rare Books and Manuscripts collections (Yale University), as well as documents from the Houghton Library (Harvard University), the New York Public Library for Performing Arts, the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art (Moscow), and the museum of the Mossovet State Academic Theater (Moscow). The study is aimed at expanding the understanding of the stage history of the Russian drama in America.
Howard Fast and Soviet Writers. Article 1. “A Friendly Hand Reaching Out Across the Ocean”: 1949–1955
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shcherbinina Olga I. ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)
Published: June 2023

The article tracks Howard Fast’s literary contacts with the USSR until 1955, when he met Boris Polevoy, the chairman of the Foreign Commission of the Union of Soviet Writers. Fast’s fame reached its zenith in the late 1940s – early 1950s, the period of the Cold War and fierce anti-American propaganda campaign in the USSR. The paper considers how and why Fast caught Soviet attention, what literary contacts he maintained, how much he had to pay for them, what compromises — reputational, political, he had to make to remain for the Soviet audience “the most widely read author of his century”. Obviously, Fast was acknowledged as a loyal friend of the USSR not only due to his literary achievements, i.e. historical novels, which brought him popularity both at home and around the world. Soviet propaganda perceived Fast’s disgraced experience (in 1950 he was sent to prison for contempt of Congress) as a valuable fact, a compelling proof of his active struggle for the cause of communism. Left Western writers were expected to take part in pickets, rallies, international congresses, demonstrations, and publish their nonfictional materials in the party press. Fast who was a delegate to World Congresses for Peace (Waldorf Conference 1949, Paris Congress 1949), the laureate of the International Stalin Peace Prize in 1953, perfectly met these requirements. Fast’s correspondence with P.A. Pavlenko from the funds of the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art is published in the addendum.
VIII Zverev International Conference at RSUH: “America’s Hinterland in Literature, Politics, and Culture”
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Morozova Irina V. , Zhuravleva Victoria I. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: June 2023

The review outlines the major topics of the conference on the American Studies held by RSUH in April 2023. Оn the one hand, the US hinterland, is proud of the reputation of true America with its family values and religious traditionalism as opposed to multicultural and cosmopolitan large urban centers. On the other hand, it often sees itself as a territory associated with the decline of morality, loneliness, poverty, and racial intolerance. The conference organizers proposed to conduct an interdisciplinary study of the problems associated with the life of the American hinterland; to show its self-representation and understanding from the standpoint of the Other; to enter the conversation about the hinterland into the general humanitarian space in order to identify those common elements that form a characteristic idea of the life of provincial America in various discursive practices and contexts in literature, culture, history and political thought of the XIX–XXI centuries. The conference topics included depiction of the US hinterland in literature; gothic narrative and hinterland; American hinterland as a factor and actor in the modern US politics; its images in visual discourse; its role in creating the image of the United States; a comparative analysis of Russian and American hinterland representations. Additionally, 2023 marks the centenary of the Walt Disney Company. Special round-table discussion was arranged at the conference commemorating this event. The conference featured two presentations: the educational internet-project “Discover America” (80 lectures and 80 videos) finished by the publication of three books both in Russian and English at RSUH Press and the collective monograph “Dreiser’s Path”: A View with a Modern Lens.
Contemporary African American Historical Novel
Authors:   Minsk State Linguistics University (till 2021), Stulov Yuri V.
Published: June 2023

The paper discusses the works of African American writers of the end of the 1960s — the end of the 2010s that address the historical past of African Americans and explores the traumatic experience of slavery and its consequences. The tragedy of people subjected to slavery as well as their masters who challenged the moral and ethical norms has remained the topical issue of contemporary African American historical novel. Pivotal for the development of the genre of African American historical novel were Jubilee by the outstanding writer and poet Margaret Walker and the non-fiction novel Roots by Alex Haley. African American authors reconsider the past from today’s perspective making use of both the newly discovered documents and the peculiarities of contemporary literary techniques and showing a versatility of genre experiments, paying attention to the ambiguity of American consciousness in relation to the past. Toni Morrison combines the sacred and the profane, reality and magic while Ishmael Reed conjugates thematic topicality and a bright literary experiment connecting history with the problems of contemporary consumer society; Charles Johnson problematizes history in a philosophic tragicomedy. Edward P. Jones reconsiders the history of slavery in a broad context as his novel’s setting is across the whole country on a broad span of time. The younger generation of African American writers represented by C. Baker, A. Randall, C. Whitehead, J. Ward and other authors touches on the issues of African American history in order to understand whether the tragic past has finally been done with. Contemporary African American historical novel relies on documents, new facts, elements of fictional biography, traditions of slave narratives and in its range makes use of peculiarities of family saga, bildungsroman, political novel, popular novel enriching it with various elements of magic realism, parodying existing canons and sharp satire.
Yakov Galinkovsky’s “Miserable Tribute to Sentimentalism”
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Baskina (Malikova) Maria E. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics
Published: June 2023

Yakov Galinkovsky (1777–1815) is remembered in the history of literature primarily as compiler and translator of the aesthetic encyclopedia “Coryphaeus, or a Key to Literature” (1802–1807), that had been trampled down by both opposing literary “camps,” the “karamzinists” and the “shishkovites;” and also as the author of critical articles anonymously published in 1805 in the “The Northern Messenger” that were harshly resented as directed against Karamzin and his school in literature. In his later years Galinkovsky was a member of “Beseda” (“Conversations of Lovers of Russian Word”) and although this affiliation originated primarily due to his family kinship to Derzhavin, this has made him a reputation, among contemporaries as well as most later researchers, of a “mediocre pedant” and musty “archaist.” His literary evolution was outlined as a rapid regression from the “karamzinism” of his earlier novels to the “anti-karamzinism” induced by his early association with Andrey Turgenev’s “Friendly Literary Society,” and lastly to “shishkovism.” We attempt to retrieve Galinkovsky from this dominant literary framework of the epoch that however was not central for him personally, and to position him in a different context and circle that was really relevant for him — that of learned translators and critics, “archaic enlighteners.” The present article offers a new reading of Galinkovsky’s earlier novels inaccurately labelled “karamzinist” and unfairly dismissed as a “miserable tribute to sentimentalism.” When read more closely and sympathetically and, more importantly, shifting the research outlook away from the focus on Karamzin, they appear to be primarily meta-literary critique and study of the genre possibilities, especially of the hybrid of epistolary novel of the “English” type with the modern and “realistic” Russian material. We also review the way Galinkovsky as a novelist-cum-translator read Laurence Sterne, one of the major literary models of literary sentimentalism. Galinkovsky noted the specificity and thus untranslatability into Russian of Sternean notions of “sentimentality” and “humour,” that had been totally absent from the dominant Russian image of “tender” and “sensitive” Sterne as created by Karamzin.
Little-known Details from the History of the Creation of L.N. Tolstoy’s Play “The Power of Darkness” (1886) and Its Staging in “Skomorokh” Theater (Based on the Materials of the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art and Periodicals of the Second Half of the 19th Century)
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sizova Irina I.
Published: June 2023

The article arranges little-known details from the history of the creation of L.N. Tolstoy’s folk play “The Power of Darkness” (1886) and its staging in “Skomorokh” Theater (1886–1887, 1895) in chronological order. The article presents a historical and literary review of the “Skomorokh” Theater (1882–1897) as one of the city’s professional theaters for the public audience before and after the intersection of its repertoire with Tolstoy’s work on the basis of materials from the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art (RGALI), namely memoirs of the theater’s entrepreneur M.V. Lentovsky, the manuscript of the book “Spectators and Theater. Theatrical notes and memoirs of the half-century theatrical work” of the theatrical figure and teacher N.A. Popov, correspondence of Tolstoy’s friend and follower V.G. Chertkov and the diary of the writer R.M. Khin-Goldovskaya. The analysis also involves factual information about the “Skomorokh” and the drama “The Power of Darkness” from literary and theatrical periodicals of the second half of the 19th century, i. e. the section “Chronicle” of the journal “Theater and Life,” critical works by N.A. Popov, V.P. Burenin, A.L. Volynsky, E.E. Matern, etc. The results show that the artistic tasks set by the theater “Skomorokh” in 1886–1887 and in 1895, the declaration of literary and critical thought of the 2nd half of the 19th century was broken in its own way about the nationality / accessibility of art, the active creator of which was Tolstoy. The article reveals new aspects of Tolstoy’s creative manner as a playwright by the example of unknown circumstances of the participation of theatrical figures (M.V. Lentovsky) in the creation of the script for Tolstoy’s work.
Carmelo Bene e as Instituições Culturais Italianas
Authors: Petruzzi Carlo Alberto , Nunes Silvia Balestreri
Published: June 2023

O artigo trata de um artista muito original, Carmelo Bene, que desenvolveu por mais de quarenta anos uma profícua carreira nas artes da cena e em outras artes correlatas, e sua relação com as instituições culturais de seu país, a Itália da segunda metade do século XX. Em pesquisas realizadas sobre diferentes aspectos da vida artística de Bene, frequentemente apareceram tematizadas diretamente ou através de relatos de pessoas que lhe eram próximas, ao mesmo tempo seus conflitos e suas demandas aos poderes constituídos em instituições vinculadas ao Estado e ao mercado das artes italianos. Demonstra-se que tais relações foram ao mesmo tempo muito imbricadas e ambíguas, pois, na mesma medida em que desdenhava do funcionamento dessas instituições, Bene expressava o desejo de receber seu suporte, principalmente financeiro, para poder dar vazão a seus impulsos criativos.
As diretrizes das políticas neoliberais e suas consequências sobre a economia baiana (2015-2018)
Authors: Dias dos Santos Bruna Maria , Silveira Alves Filho Olinto
Published: June 2023

O presente trabalho pretende avaliar as consequências sociais e econômicas das políticas neoliberais sobre a economia baiana, no período 2015-2018. A hipótese com a qual se trabalha é que a efetiva implementação das políticas neoliberais, no período estudado, não apenas produziu resultados econômicos desastrosos (aumento da concentração de renda, diminuição ou mesmo queda do PIB, aumento do desemprego e diminuição da renda etc.), mas também provocou o enfraquecimento do papel dos instrumentos macroeconômicos de dinamização da demanda agregada. As seções deste texto tratam, na sequência, das contribuições teóricas a respeito dos traços históricos que desencadearam as políticas neoliberais nos países desenvolvidos e na América do Sul, assim como dos efeitos sobre a economia brasileira. Por fim, discutem-se os resultados dessas medidas no estado da Bahia.
Impactos da facilitação do comércio sobre as exportações mundiais de produtos manufaturados nos anos de 2014 e 2017
Authors: Gonçalves de Souza Bruna , Rodrigues Corrêa Ferreira Carolina
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho investigou os efeitos da desburocratização de trocas comerciais nas exportações mundiais e bilaterais de produtos manufaturados. A análise considerou o período de 2014 e 2017. A metodologia utilizada foi exame de estatísticas descritivas e estimação econométrica com base no modelo de gravidade. Os resultados condisseram com o esperado e foram significativos tanto para o prazo de espera para exportar quanto para a conformidade fronteiriça. De forma geral, estudos contínuos sobre a facilitação do comércio são importantes e recomendados para que as transações internacionais ocorram de forma eficiente e harmonizada.
A case of rare angiomyofibroblastoma in right atrium
Authors: shut nie , Shen Dian , Liu Yufei , Zhou Chang
Published: June 2023

Angiomyofibroblastoma is a rare tumor that originates from mesenchymal
tissue and is most frequently found in women of childbearing age.
Angiomyofibroblastoma often grows in the female external genitalia,and
there have been occasional reports in the scrotum and inguinal region of
males.Due to the lack of specificity in the clinical symptoms and signs
of Angiomyofibroblastoma,diagnosis has been challenging,particularly
when it comes to intracardiac angiomyofibroblastoma.Ultrasound is
typically the preferred method of examination for detecting intracardiac
masses. This report presents a case study of a 47-year-old woman with
intracardiac angiomyofibroblastoma.The preoperative diagnosis of
Angiomyofibroblastoma can be further improved by analyzing ultrasound
images in combination with other imaging features.
Unusual case of tachycardia termination: what is the mechanism?
Authors: Moustafa Ahmed T. , Purves Paul , Klein George J.
Published: June 2023

Case: A 41-year-old man with no prior cardiac history and a history of
regular narrow QRS tachycardia, presenting with frequent paroxysmal
palpitations, was referred to our institution. The tachycardia was
adenosine-sensitive, leading to the acute termination of the
tachycardia. The baseline electrocardiogram was unremarkable. During an
electrophysiology study (EPS), supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) was
easily induced by ventricular extrastimuli. Figure
[1](#fig-cap-0003) shows a single ventricular extrastimulus applied
from the right ventricular apex (RVa) during the tachycardia, and this
finding was reproducible. Questions: What is the mechanism of the
observed response? What are the clinical implications?
Lacunae in meta-analyses of Pharyngocutaneous fistula after laryngectomy: A bibliometric study
Authors: Rao Karthik , Arora Ripudaman , Dange Prajwal , M Nitin Nagarkar
Published: June 2023

Objective -The objective of this study was to systematically
assess the meta-analyes to determine the lacunae in the literature for
PCF following laryngectomy. Methods – Bibliometric analysis on
Meta-analyses on PCF after total laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer in
PubMed Database. Results – twenty-four meta-analyses were
considered eligible and chosen for analysis, Six meta-analyses (25%)
focused on the risk factors for PCF in TL. Four meta-analyses (16.6%)
on the role of onlay flap. Four meta-analyses (16.6%) focused on the
timing of feed initiation. Three meta-analyses (12.5%) on using stapler
for pharyngeal closure. Two meta-analyses on types of pharyngeal
reconstruction. Other meta-analysis analysed the use of salivary bypass
tubes, the method of pharyngeal closure, organ preservation protocols on
PCF, primary and secondary TEP and the effect of non-surgical treatment
on PCF. Conclusion - Despite the plenty of published
meta-analysis, there is a lack of scrutiny on some critical aspects of
PCF.
Construction of multiplexed transcriptome NGS libraries of microdissected tissue samples based on combinational DNA barcode microbeads
Authors: Dang Kaitong , Zhao Yue , Ye kaiqiang , Guo Yunxia , Wang Wenjia , Ge Qinyu , zhao xiangwei
Published: June 2023

The combination of single-cell RNA sequencing and microdissection
techniques that preserves positional information has become a major tool
for spatial transcriptome analyses. However, high costs and time
requirements, especially for experiments at the single cell scale, make
it challenging for this approach to meet the demand for increased
throughput. Therefore, we proposed combinational DNA barcode (CDB)-seq
as a medium-throughput, multiplexed approach combining Smart-3SEQ and
CDB magnetic microbeads for transcriptome analyses of microdissected
tissue samples. We conducted a comprehensive comparison of conditions
for CDB microbead preparation and related factors and then applied
CDB-seq to RNA extracts, fresh frozen (FF) and formalin-fixed
paraffin-embedded (FFPE) mouse brain tissue samples. CDB-seq
transcriptomic profiles of tens of microdissected samples could be
obtained in a simple, cost-effective way, providing a promising method
for future spatial transcriptomics.
Ex-vivo antiplatelet effects of oral anticoagulants
Authors: Renda Giulia , Bucciarelli Valentina , Barbieri Giulia , Lanuti Paola , Berteotti Martina , Malatesta Gelsomina , Cesari Francesca , Salvatore Tanya , Giusti Betti , Gori Anna Maria , Marcucci Rossella , Caterina Raffaele De
Published: June 2023

Background: The impact of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants
(NOACs) on platelet function is still unclear. We conducted a
comprehensive ex-vivo study aimed at assessing the effect of the four
currently marketed NOACs on platelet function. Methods: We incubated
blood samples from healthy donors with concentrations of NOACs (50, 150
and 250 ng/mL), in the range of those achieved in the plasma of patients
during therapy. We evaluated: generation of thrombin; light
transmittance platelet aggregation (LTA) in response to adenosine
diphosphate (ADP), thrombin receptor-activating peptide (TRAP), human
γ-thrombin (THR) and tissue factor (TF); generation of thromboxane
(TX)B2; expression of protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1 and P-selectin
on the platelet surface. Results: All NOACs concentration-dependently
reduced thrombin generation compared with control. THR-induced LTA was
suppressed by the addition of dabigatran at any concentration, while
TF-induced LTA was reduced by factor-Xa inhibitors. ADP- and
TRAP-induced LTA was not modified by NOACs. TXB2 generation was reduced
by dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban compared with control,
particularly at the highest concentrations, but not by edoxaban. We
found a concentration-dependent increase of PAR-1 expression after
incubation with dabigatran, particularly at the highest concentrations,
but not with FXa inhibitors; P-selectin expression was not changed by
any drugs. Conclusions: Treatment with the NOACs is associated with
measurable ex-vivo changes in platelet function, arguing for
antiplatelet effects beyond the well-known anticoagulant activities of
these drugs. There are differences, however, among the NOACs, and
especially between dabigatran and the FXa inhibitors.
Inflammation in 21 st Century - An Updated Mini Review
Authors: Ahmad Faizan , Mondal Arunima , Jeswin Teenu Maria , Abiha Umme
Published: June 2023

Inflammation is a protective response from our body to an injury in the
form of five cardinal signs. It is divided into acute and
chronic.Additionally, practically every autoimmune disease, from gout to
inflammatory bowel disease, has it as one of the primary causes. For
reducing inflammation steroidal as well as non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs are used. There are three important types of
inflammatory mediators. In this review, we will discuss inflammation,
drugs and their mechanism and some inflammatory diseases.
A multi-chemistry modelling framework to enable flexible and reproducible water quality simulations in existing hydro-models: 1. The OpenWQ concept and the water quality modelling lab
Authors: Costa Diogo , Klenk Kyle , Knoben Wouter Johannes Maria , Ireson Andrew , Spiteri Raymond J , Clark Martyn P.
Published: June 2023

This work advances the incorporation and cross-model deployment of
multi-biogeochemistry and ecological simulations in existing
process-based hydro-modelling tools. It aims to transform the current
practice of water quality modelling as an isolated research effort into
a more integrated and collaborative activity between science
communities. Our approach, which we call “Open Water Quality”
(OpenWQ), enables existing hydrological, hydrodynamic, and groundwater
models to extend their capabilities to water quality simulations, which
can be set up to examine a variety of water-related pollution problems.
OpenWQ’s objective is to provide a flexible biogeochemical model
representation that can be used to test different modelling hypotheses
in a multi-disciplinary co-creative process. In this paper, we introduce
the general approach used in OpenWQ. We detail aspects of its
architecture that enable its coupling with existing models. This
integration enables water quality models to benefit from advances made
by hydrologic- and hydrodynamic-focused groups, strengthening
collaboration between the hydrological, biogeochemistry, and soil
science communities. We also detail innovative aspects of OpenWQ’s
modules that enable biogeochemistry lab-like capabilities, where
modellers can define the pollution problem(s) of interest, the
appropriate complexity of the biogeochemistry routines, and test
different modelling hypotheses. In a companion paper, we demonstrate how
OpenWQ has been coupled to two hydrological models, the “Structure for
Unifying Multiple Modelling Alternatives” (SUMMA) and the “Cold
Regions Hydrological Model” (CRHM), demonstrating the innovative
aspects of OpenWQ, the flexibility of its couplers and internal
spatiotemporal data structures, and the versatile eco-modelling lab
capabilities that can be used to study different pollution problems.
Health Care Transition to Adult Care in Type 1 Diabetes: Associations With Student and Employment Status—The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study
Authors: Majidi Shideh , Roberts Alissa J. , Suerken Cynthia K. , Reboussin Beth A. , Malik Faisal S. , Marcovina Santica M. , Corathers Sarah , Reynolds Kristi , Imperatore Giuseppina , Wadwa R. Paul , Pihoker Catherine
Published: June 2023

Successful transition from a pediatric to adult diabetes care provider is associated with reduced ambulatory diabetes care visits and increased acute complications. This study aimed to determine whether the degree of independence in diabetes care and the rate of acute complications after transition to adult diabetes care were associated with individuals’ student or employment status. Nonstudents were found to be less likely than students to be independent with diabetes care, and employed nonstudents were at lower risk of diabetic ketoacidosis than unemployed nonstudents. Additional support may be needed for young adults who are not students or are unemployed to improve independence and reduce the risk for acute complications.
The Prevalence of Polyneuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Subgroups Based on HOMA2 Indices of β-Cell Function and Insulin Sensitivity
Authors: Kristensen Frederik Pagh Bredahl , Christensen Diana Hedevang , Callaghan Brian Christopher , Stidsen Jacob Volmer , Nielsen Jens Steen , Højlund Kurt , Beck-Nielsen Henning , Jensen Troels Staehelin , Andersen Henning , Vestergaard Peter , Jessen Niels , Olsen Michael Hecht , Hansen Torben , Brøns Charlotte , Vaag Allan , Sørensen Henrik Toft , Thomsen Reimar Wernich
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVE

Metabolic syndrome components may cumulatively increase the risk of diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, driven by insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. We investigated the prevalence of DPN in three T2DM subgroups based on indices of β-cell function and insulin sensitivity.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We estimated β-cell function (HOMA2-B) and insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-S) in 4,388 Danish patients with newly diagnosed T2DM. Patients were categorized into subgroups of hyperinsulinemic (high HOMA2-B, low HOMA2-S), classical (low HOMA2-B, low HOMA2-S), and insulinopenic (low HOMA2-B, high HOMA2-S) T2DM. After a median follow-up of 3 years, patients filled the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument questionnaire (MNSIq) to identify DPN (score ≥ 4). We used Poisson regression to calculate adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) for DPN, and spline models to examine the association with HOMA2-B and HOMA2-S.

RESULTS

A total of 3,397 (77%) patients filled in the MNSIq. The prevalence of DPN was 23% among hyperinsulinemic, 16% among classical, and 14% among insulinopenic patients. After adjusting for demographics, diabetes duration and therapy, lifestyle behaviors, and metabolic syndrome components (waist circumference, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, hypertension, and HbA1c), the PR of DPN was 1.35 (95% CI 1.15–1.57) for the hyperinsulinemic compared with the classical patients. In spline analyses, we observed a linear relation of higher DPN prevalence with increasing HOMA2-B, independent of both metabolic syndrome components and HOMA2-S.

CONCLUSIONS

Hyperinsulinemia marked by high HOMA2-B is likely an important risk factor for DPN beyond metabolic syndrome components and insulin resistance. This should be considered when developing interventions to prevent DPN.
The prevalence of polyneuropathy in type 2 diabetes subgroups based on HOMA2 indices of beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity
Authors: Pagh Bredahl Kristensen Frederik , Hedevang Christensen Diana , Christopher Callaghan Brian , Volmer Stidsen Jacob , Steen Nielsen Jens , Højlund Kurt , Beck-Nielsen Henning , Staehelin Jensen Troels , Andersen Henning , Vestergaard Peter , Jessen Niels , Hecht Olsen Michael , Hansen Torben , Brøns Charlotte , Vaag Allan , Toft Sørensen Henrik , Wernich Thomsen Reimar
Published: June 2023

  

OBJECTIVE

Metabolic syndrome components may cumulatively increase the risk of diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, driven by insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. We investigated the prevalence of DPN in three T2DM subgroups based on indices of beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We estimated beta-cell function (HOMA2-B) and insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-S) in 4,388 Danish patients with newly diagnosed T2DM. Patients were categorized into subgroups of hyperinsulinemic (high HOMA2-B, low HOMA2-S), classical (low HOMA2-B, low HOMA2-S), and insulinopenic (low HOMA2-B, high HOMA2-S) T2DM. After a median follow-up of three years, patients filled the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument questionnaire (MNSIq) to identify DPN (score ≥4). We used Poisson regression to calculate adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) for DPN, and spline models to examine the association with HOMA2-B and HOMA2-S.

RESULTS 

3,397 (77%) patients filled in the MNSIq. The prevalence of DPN was 23% among hyperinsulinemic, 16% among classical, and 14% among insulinopenic patients. After adjusting for demographics, diabetes duration and therapy, lifestyle behaviors, and metabolic syndrome components (waist circumference, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, hypertension, and HbA1c), the PR of DPN was 1.35 (95% CI 1.15-1.57) for the hyperinsulinemic compared with the classical patients. In spline analyses, we observed a linear relation of higher DPN prevalence with increasing HOMA2-B, independent of both metabolic syndrome components and HOMA2-S. 

CONCLUSIONS

Hyperinsulinemia marked by high HOMA2-B is likely an important risk factor for DPN beyond metabolic syndrome components and insulin resistance. This should be considered when developing interventions to prevent DPN.
Oral terbinafine in toenail dermatophytosis. A double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter study with 12 months' follow-up.
Authors: Svejgaard EL , Brandrup F , Kragballe K , Larsen PO , Veien NK , Holst M , Andersen BL , Bro-Jørgensen AV , Dahl JC , Frentz G , Graudal C , Kamp P , Kroman N , Larsen FS , Mikkelsen F , Munkvad JM , Olafsson JH , Rothenborg H , Staberg B , Søndergaard J , Thulin H.
Published: June 2023

The treatment of onychomycosis has previously often been protracted and unsuccessful. Terbinafine has been shown to be effective in short-term regimens. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 148 patients with toenail dermatophytosis were randomized to treatment with either 250 mg terbinafine daily or placebo for 3 months. An additional treatment was given for 3 months to patients whose infection had not responded. The patients were followed clinically and mycologically through 12 months. After 3 months 82% of the terbinafine-treated group, versus 5% of the placebo group, showed significant improvement, i.e. negative culture and growth of unaffected nail more than 2 mm (p = < 0.0001). After 12 months clinical and mycological cure was seen in 40% of the patients treated with terbinafine for 3 or 6 months, while 67-81% were clinically cured, but with positive microscopy. Side-effects occurred in 13.5% of the terbinafine group, versus 5.4% of the placebo group, and were mild. 250 mg terbinafine daily for 3 months was significantly more effective than placebo. The efficacy did not appear to improve with additional treatment for 3 months.
Leg ulcers: report on a multidisciplinary approach.
Authors: Akesson H , Bjellerup M
Published: June 2023

In a Swedish survey, leg ulcer disease has been found to have a prevalence of around 1%. The multifactorial etiology requires a multidisciplinary approach. Forty-three patients with leg ulcers have been examined clinically and by pathophysiological and roentgenological investigations. Proper conservative treatment was instituted in 25 of the patients, and the remaining were treated by venous surgery, arterial surgery and skin transplantation. The previously used therapy only achieved healing in 23% of these patients, but after multidisciplinary assessment and treatment the healing rate was improved to 83%. The ulcer-free period of the whole group was 62% during a follow-up of 24 (3-36) months. The healing of venous ulcers can be improved by a multidisciplinary assessment by a vascular surgeon and a dermatologist.