bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ВПЛИВУ БУЗИНОВОЇ ПОРОШКОВОЇ ХАРЧОВОЇ ДОБАВКИ НА ТЕРМІН ЗБЕРІГАННЯ ЙОГУРТІВ
Authors: Демидова Євгенія В’ячеславівна , Самілик Марина Михайлівна , Губа Світлана Олександрівна
Published: February 2025

У роботі досліджено вплив бузинової порошкової харчової добавки на якісні показники йогурту та його термін придатності. Йогурт один із найбільш вживаних кисломолочних продуктів у світі. Він сприяє нормалізації роботи кишківника, покращує травлення та полегшує засвоєння поживних речовин. Використання рослинних порошків і екстрактів для збагачення йогурту вітамінами, мінералами та фенольними сполуками, які підсилюють його функціональні та антиоксидантні властивості, набуває все більшої актуальності. Застосування рослинних компонентів має перспективи для розширення асортименту кисломолочних продуктів з антиоксидантними властивостями. Метою дослідження є вивчення впливу бузинової порошкової харчової добавки на якісні показники та терміни зберігання йогурту. Це дозволить розробити удосконалену технологію йогурту та розширити асортимент кисломолочних продуктів з підвищеною біологічною цінністю. Основною сировиною для виробництва йогурту було коров’яче молоко, що відповідає вимогам ДСТУ 3662:2018. Як наповнювач використовували бузинову порошкову харчову добавку у кількості 5, 7 та 10%. Для заквашування використовували бактеріальну закваску "Йогурт VIVO", виготовлену відповідно до ТУ У 1 5.5-3060300036-001:2009. Процес виробництва йогурту проводили резервуарним способом, за класичною технологією, внесення порошкової добавки здійснювали на етапі нормалізації суміші. За результатами органолептичної оцінки кращим є експериментальний зразок №2 з 7% порошковової харчової добавки із бузини. Основні показники якості йогурту визначали за допомогою стандартних методів органолептичних, фізико-хімічних та мікробіологічних досліджень. Фізико-хімічні та мікробіологічні показники виготовлених зразків відповідали нормам ДСТУ 4343:2004. Результати експериментальних досліджень показали, що кількість доданого наповнювача впливає на його смакові властивості та на фізико-хімічні показники, зокрема на вміст сухих речовин. Додавання порошкової харчової добавки із бузини підвищує в'язкість йогуртів. Внесення порошкової харчової добавки не пригнічує ріст молочнокислої мікрофлори. Дослідження змін якісних показників йогурту під час зберігання протягом 20-ти діб відбувалось в межах норми. На основі результатів дослідження було рекомендовано використовувати 7% бузинової порошкової харчової добавки.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ЗУБЧАСТИХ ЦИЛІНДРИЧНИХ ПРЯМОЗУБИХ ПЕРЕДАЧ В ЗАЛЕЖНОСТІ ВІД КОЕФІЦІЄНТА ЗМІЩЕННЯ ВИХІДНОГО КОНТУРУ
Authors: Думанчук Михайло Юрійович , Івченко Олександр Володимирович , Жигилій Дмитро Олексійович , Завгородній Денис Михайлович , Козін Віктор Миколайович
Published: February 2025

У статті проведено поглиблений аналіз ефективності зубчастих циліндричних прямозубих передач у залежності від коефіцієнта зміщення вихідного контуру. Дослідження зосереджено на підвищенні навантажувальної здатності зубців, оптимізації ефективності та забезпеченні довговічності передач за мінімальних втрат потужності та зменшення шуму та вібрацій, які виникають через удари задніх зубів унаслідок люфту, а також аналізу багатоциклових контактної та згинальної міцностей зубів. Метою роботи є визначення впливу коефіцієнта зміщення вихідного контуру на робочі характеристики зубчастих передач. Використаний метод скінчених елементів для оцінки параметрів напружено-деформованого стану зубів і контактного тиску у різних точках зачеплення. Розглянуто вплив коефіцієнтів зміщення x1 і x2, на ефективність, шум і вібрації передач. Досліджено втрати потужності залежно від змін у контактній геометрії, спричинених модифікацією профілю зубів. Детально порівняно два підходи до розрахунку втрат потужності: класичного методу Німана, що передбачає використання постійного середнього коефіцієнта тертя вздовж контактної лінії, та сучасної методики Хай Сю, яка враховує змінний коефіцієнт тертя на основі теорії неньютонівського еластогідродинамічного змащення. Представлено моделювання локальних втрат енергії в окремих сегментах лінії контакту та їх інтеграцію для отримання загальних показників ефективності передачі. У роботі також проведено оцінку впливу коефіцієнта зміщення вихідного контуру на багатоциклові контактну та згинальну міцності зубів. Виконано розрахунки напружень і контактних тисків у режимах багатоциклового навантаження, які ілюструють залежність напруженого стану зубів від геометричних параметрів профілю. Показано, що раціональний розподіл коефіцієнтів зміщення між шестернею та колесом може суттєво покращити характеристики передачі, забезпечуючи оптимальний баланс між ефективністю та довговічністю. У роботі підкреслено, що правильний вибір коефіцієнтів зміщення вихідного контуру дозволяє не лише знизити втрати потужності, але й зменшити рівень шуму та вібрацій під час роботи передачі. Наведено рекомендації для проектування зубчастих передач, що спрямовані на досягнення максимальної ефективності при збереженні високих показників надійності. Зокрема, запропоновано оптимальний діапазон коефіцієнтів зміщення для зубчастих передач із врахуванням їх робочих умов та вимог до навантаження. Отримані результати свідчать, що модифікація профілю зуба та раціональний розподіл коефіцієнтів зміщення можуть значно покращити робочі характеристики передачі. Представлені висновки мають практичну цінність для інженерів-конструкторів, які працюють над створенням високоефективних зубчастих передач із покращеними експлуатаційними характеристиками.
РОЛЬ МОЛОЧНИХ ПРОДУКТІВ ІЗ ДОДАВАННЯМ РОСЛИННИХ ЕКСТРАКТІВ У ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНОМУ ХАРЧУВАННІ
Authors: Слободяник Ігор Станіславович
Published: February 2025

Наша цивілізація здавна приділяла значну увагу харчуванню з метою поліпшення його впливу на організм людини. Протягом формування культури людства змінювались системи та підходи у цьому питанні. Зрештою, сучасні біологи та нутріціологи дійшли висновку, що харчування має бути збалансованим та містити речовини, які мають лікувальні властивості без шкоди для здоров’я. У статті розглянуто основні етапи формування системи функціонального харчування – від ідеї до її юридичної фіксації; проаналізовано сучасні тенденції розробки функціональних молочних продуктів з використанням рослинних екстрактів; висвітлено вплив таких добавок на покращення поживної цінності молочних продуктів та їх позитивний вплив на здоров'я людини. Описано основні переваги застосування рослинних екстрактів. Визначено, що найбільш біологічно цінною для організму людини є молочна продукція, доказом чого стало надання першого статусу «функціональний» у 1930 р. саме продукту цього виду. Визначено вплив рослинного екстракту на організм людини та органолептичні особливості молочної сировини. Стаття акцентує увагу на потенціалі молочної продукції з рослинним компонентом як на першоджерелі здорового збалансованого компоненту функціонального харчування. Використання означеного складника відповідає запитам сучасного суспільства та підвищує популярність таких продуктів у споживача. Метою статті є визначення впливу рослинного екстракту на роль молочної продукції в сегменті функціонального, здорового харчування. У статті використано такі методи: мікробіологічні, біохімічні, органолептичні, статистичні, аналітичні. В результаті проведеного дослідження виявлено найбільш вживані рослинні похідні, серед яких стевія, плоди шипшини, борошно амаранту, солодка. Включення цих рослинних компонентів до виробництва молочної продукції дозволяє не тільки покращити смак і текстуру продуктів, але й підвищити їх біологічну цінність, що задовольняє запити сучасного ринку на функціональні та здорові продукти харчування. Таким чином, молочна продукція з рослинними екстрактами має значний потенціал у сегменті функціонального харчування, забезпечуючи баланс між користю для здоров'я, поліпшенням органолептичних властивостей продукту та привабливістю для споживачів.
Georgia in Diplomatic Relations between Safavid Iran and Muscovite State (First Quarter of the 17th Century)
Authors: Demetrashvili Kakhaber
Published: February 2025

The main purpose of this work is to reveal Georgia’s role against the background of Safavid Iran (Persia) – Muscovite State (Russia) diplomatic relations in the mentioned period and determine - what place occupied Georgia in these two states' foreign policy. As it is known, for many decades, the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Iran were trying to dominate the Caucasus. In the battles to take over this territory, sometimes one, sometimes another, was gaining temporary advantage. Since the 16th century, Muscovite State (Russia) has been interested in the Caucasus and the Caspian Sea.
The Population of Tbilisi as Observed by European Travellers between the Years 1903 and 1925
Authors: Natchkebia Irine
Published: February 2025

This article introduces the accounts of European travellers regarding the ethno-religious composition of the population of Tbilisi in the early 20th century. The travellers are as follows: Edouard Alfred Martel (1903), Claude Anet (1905), Duchess Hermine de Rohan (1909) and Maurice Rondet-Saint (1913). At the time of their travels, Georgia was part of the Russian Empire. At the time of the Russian Revolution in 1917, a French health mission led by Dr. Louis Dartigues arrived in Tbilisi. During the First Republic of Georgia in 1919, Tbilisi was visited by British intelligence officer Colonel Sir Alfred "Toby" Rawlinson and British journalist Carl Eric Beckhofer Roberts. In 1925, during the Soviet era, Tbilisi was visited by the French teacher and trade unionist Maurice Wullens.
Kết quả dự phòng nhiễm nấm xâm lấn bằng Nystatin trên trẻ sơ sinh < 1500 gram tại bệnh viện Nhi Đồng 2
Authors: Lê Thị Thùy Dung , Nguyễn Thị Kim Anh , Bùi Thế Trung , Nguyễn Thị Thiên Trang , Nguyễn Hoàng Tâm
Published: February 2025

Đặt vấn đề: Nhiễm nấm Candida xâm lấn là một nguyên nhân quan trọng gây nhiễm trùng huyết ở trẻ sơ sinh < 1500 gram với tỷ lệ tử vong cao và thời gian nằm viện kéo dài. Nhiều nghiên cứu cho thấy nhiễm nấm cư trú đường tiêu hóa làm tăng nguy cơ nhiễm nấm xâm lấn. Việc phòng ngừa bằng Nystatin có thể làm giảm tỷ lệ nhiễm nấm cư trú đường tiêu hóa và nhiễm nấm xâm lấn.

Mục tiêu: Xác định tỷ lệ nhiễm nấm cư trú đường tiêu hóa; tỷ lệ nhiễm nấm xâm lấn, tỷ lệ tử vong và thời gian nằm viện giữa nhóm không uống Nystatin và có uống Nystatin trên trẻ sơ sinh < 1500 gram tại bệnh viện Nhi Đồng 2.

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang từ 10/2023 đến 04/2024, thực hiện trên trẻ < 1500 gram nhập viện bệnh viện Nhi Đồng 2. Tất cả trẻ này được soi phân định kỳ hàng tuần tìm nấm cư trú đường tiêu hóa, trẻ được uống Nystatin khi soi phân có nấm.

Kết quả: Có 100 trẻ sơ sinh < 1500 gram được thu thập. Tỷ lệ nhiễm nấm cư trú đường tiêu hóa là 41% (OR = 1,79); Tỷ lệ nhiễm nấm xâm lấn là 15,3% và 24,4% (p = 0,25); Tỷ lệ tử vong là 27,1% và 24,4% (p = 0,76) thời gian nằm viện là 43 ngày và 48 ngày (p = 0,17) (lần lượt cho nhóm không Nystatin và có Nystatin).

Kết luận: Nhiễm nấm cư trú ở đường tiêu hóa tại trẻ sơ sinh < 1500 gram ở mức cao, làm gia tăng nguy cơ nhiễm nấm xâm lấn. Tỷ lệ tử vong và thời gian nằm viện của trẻ sơ sinh rất nhẹ cân nhiễm nấm xâm lấn còn đáng lo ngại. Nystatin có vai trò giảm nấm cư trú đường tiêu hoá, từ đó làm giảm nguy cơ nhiễm nấm xâm lấn.

Từ khóa: nhiễm nấm xâm lấn; nhiễm nấm cư trú đường tiêu hóa; trẻ sơ sinh rất nhẹ cân
Khảo sát tính khí thông qua bảng câu hỏi về hành vi thời thơ ấu (ECBQ) ở trẻ từ 18 đến 36 tháng
Authors: Nguyễn Hồ Quốc Thái , Nguyễn An Nghĩa
Published: February 2025

Đặt vấn đề: Tính khí ảnh hưởng trực tiếp đến hành vi và cách trẻ ứng xử với môi trường xung quanh, là nền tảng hình thành nhân cách và có thể thay đổi qua giáo dục, trải nghiệm. Hiểu rõ tính khí giúp phụ huynh, giáo viên điều chỉnh phương pháp nuôi dạy, hỗ trợ trẻ phát huy điểm mạnh. Ở Việt Nam, nghiên cứu về tính khí trẻ em còn hạn chế và các công cụ đánh giá cũng chưa được sử dụng rộng rãi.

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát tính khí và những yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến tính khí ở trẻ từ 18 đến 36 tháng tuổi tại bệnh viện Nhi Đồng 1.

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang mô tả 198 bệnh nhân tại khoa Nhiễm - Thần kinh và khoa Nội tổng quát 2 bệnh viện Nhi Đồng 1 từ 12/2023 đến 06/2024.

Kết quả: Tính hướng ngoại đạt điểm 4,86 ± 0,64, Hứng thú với các hoạt động mong đợi vượt trội (5,72 ± 1,06) và Tính bốc đồng thấp nhất (3,83 ± 1,24). Tính tiêu cực đạt điểm 3,75 ± 0,65, Khả năng nhận cảm (4,79 ± 1,27) và Xấu hổ (4,12 ± 1,31) cao, Buồn bã (3,48 ± 1,13), Không hài lòng (3,44 ± 1,17), và Sợ hãi (3,13 ± 1,18) ở mức trung bình hoặc thấp. Nỗ lực kiểm soát đạt điểm 4,78 ± 0,59, với Khả năng kiềm chế thấp (3,62 ± 1,19), nhưng Tập trung chú ý (4,99 ± 0,98), Chuyển đổi đối tượng chú ý (4,96 ± 0,86) và Thích được nâng niu/chiều chuộng/âu yếm (5,52 ± 0,88) có điểm số cao. Bé gái có mức độ Hứng thú với các hoạt động mong đợi, Sợ hãi và Chuyển đổi đối tượng chú ý cao hơn bé trai. Trẻ càng lớn càng có Khả năng kiềm chế tốt hơn. Ba mẹ càng dành nhiều thời gian trò chuyện thì Nỗ lực kiểm soát càng tốt hơn.

Kết luận: Tính hướng ngoại đạt mức khá cao, trong khi Tính tiêu cực và Nỗ lực kiểm soát thấp hơn. Tính hướng ngoại và Tính tiêu cực bị ảnh hưởng bởi giới, Nỗ lực kiểm soát bị ảnh hưởng bởi tuổi, giới và thời gian ba mẹ trò chuyện với trẻ.

Từ khoá: trẻ em; hành vi; tính khí; ECBQ
Đặc điểm xương cùng dị hình ở người Việt Nam trưởng thành
Authors: Phan Bá Vũ Đông , Nguyễn Hoàng Phú , Đỗ Phước Hùng
Published: February 2025

Đặt vấn đề: Xương cùng dị hình là biến thể có sự giới hạn của hành lang xương an toàn của S1 cho vít xuyên xương chậu – xuyên xương cùng, thể hiện qua một số đặc điểm hình dạng khác thường. Nhận diện biến thể này giúp lên kế hoạch trước mổ và phòng tránh biến chứng.

Mục tiêu: Xác định tỷ lệ xuất hiện các đặc điểm của xương cùng dị hình ở người Việt Nam trưởng thành.

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Khảo sát hình ảnh cắt lớp vi tính xương cùng để đánh giá sự hiện diện của các đặc điểm dị hình của xương cùng.

Kết quả: 90 mẫu (46 nam, 44 nữ) với độ tuổi trung bình 50,61 ± 12,57. Đặc điểm thường gặp nhất là tồn tại đĩa gian đốt sống S1 – S2 (83,33%), ít gặp nhất là giới hạn trên cánh xương cùng cao hơn mào chậu (3,33%). Tồn tại đĩa gian đốt sống S1 – S2 ở nam cao hơn đáng kể so với nữ (91,3% – 75%, p = 0,038). Khác biệt không có ý nghĩa ở các đặc điểm còn lại giữa nam và nữ. 94,44% mẫu có ≥ 1 đặc điểm, trong đó tỷ lệ cao nhất là nhóm có 1 đặc điểm (28,89%).

Kết luận: Các đặc điểm xương cùng dị hình khá thường gặp. Phẫu thuật viên cần nhận diện trước mổ để giảm thiểu các biến chứng.

Từ khóa: xương cùng dị hình; hành lang xương an toàn S1; vít xuyên xương chậu – xuyên xương cùng
The business of transformative agreements
Authors: Steinberg Reece
Published: February 2025

 

What can transformative agreements (TA) tell us about the future of Open Access (OA)? To investigate and analyze the business model of big publishers driving these

agreements, this article uses a case study of the publisher Wiley, a business model canvas, and a decision matrix. The study uncovers motivations for moving to this

model and effects to libraries and research spread unequally among institutions and globally.

This has implications for the work of liaison librarians – the frontline with researchers, as well as library leadership, university leadership and others concerned

with equitable access to publishing, and diversity of research.
Las Dinámicas del Sistema Penal Acusatorio en el Marco del Preacuerdo como Mecanismo de Terminación Anticipada
Authors: Perez Reyes Odila
Published: February 2025

En Colombia confluyen una serie de garantías y obligaciones en el marco del sistema penal acusatorio, es así, como una breve contextualización y análisis de los condicionamientos a los que se ven sometidos mecanismos de terminación anticipada como los preacuerdos, permite plantear una discusión en torno a las finalidades, motivaciones y condicionamientos sobre lo que se desarrolla y se erige el margen de maniobrabilidad de la fiscalía para que negocie con el encartado, bajo la limitación del principio de discrecionalidad reglada, legalidad y el de proporcionalidad de la rebaja en la sanción. Lo que ha permitido concluir que, el sistema penal acusatorio es un modelo que ha concretado una serie de garantías en aras de consolidar la protección de bienes jurídicos no sólo a través de la persecución penal; sino que través de la flexibilización en el marco procesal sin que ello implique la renuncia a la persecución penal.
Personas de Género “No Binario” en el Sistema General de Pensiones Colombiano (SGP): Requisitos para el Acceso a las Prestaciones Económicas
Authors: Granados Ferreira Jackeline
Published: February 2025

El propósito de esta disertación consiste en, realizar un análisis al sistema general de pensiones, relacionado con las personas género no binario una vez reúnen los requisitos para acceder a las prestaciones económicas, particularmente tratándose del requisito de la edad, esto en la medida en que, si bien es cierto, la corte constitucional estableció la inclusión en los documentos de identidad la calidad no binaria, no se refirió sobre este aspecto al sistema general de pensiones, generando de esta manera un vacío jurídico,  toda vez que, solo decidió sobre las alternativas correspondientes al sexo del documento de identificación en Colombia, los cuales serían Masculino, Femenino y No binario, por esta razón nos proponemos mediante el método analítico–interpretativo, recopilar textos, artículos, libros y literatura relacionada con el tema planteado, realizaremos un rastreo de la jurisprudencia de la corte constitucional para interpretar las decisiones adoptadas y como resultado dar respuesta a la problemática planteada, sobre la siguiente pregunta ¿cuál sería la edad de la persona género no binario para pensionarse? en conclusión, no existe claridad jurídica sobre las personas género no binario al momento de solicitar las prestaciones económicas en el sistema General de pensiones colombiano.
Pengaplikasian Theory of Consumption Value Pada Niat Beralih Produk Ramah Lingkungan: Perspektif Identitas Diri Hijau
Authors: Indraswari Nurul Myristica
Published: February 2025

Identitas diri dan nilai-nilai konsumsi merupakan anteseden penting dari perilaku berkelanjutan konsumen. Dengan mengintegrasikan teori nilai konsumsi dan pendekatan identitas diri, penelitan ini mengeksplorasi hubungan antara nilai konsumsi (fungsional, kondisional, dan emosional), identitas diri hijau, dan niat pembelian produk ramah lingkungan. Data terkumpul sebanyak 242 responden yang berdomisili di Yogyakarta melalui survei kuesioner. Dengan menggunakan metode PLS-SEM, ditemukan hasil bahwa identitas diri hijau memiliki pengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap nilai fungsional, kondisional, emosional, dan niat beli produk ramah lingkungan dan juga menemukan hasil bahwa nilai kondisional memediasi hubungan antara identitas diri hijau dan niat beli produk ramah lingkungan. Hasil penelitian menyiratkan bahwa intervensi yang menargetkan identitas diri hijau adalah cara yang menjanjikan untuk mempromosikan perilaku konsumsi berkelanjutan dengan penggunaan produk ramah lingkungan. Selain itu, temuan hasil juga memiliki implikasi penting bagi pengembangan pasar yang menjual produk ramah lingkungan berdasarkan identitas diri dan nilai konsumsi.
Analisis Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia pada Usaha Mikro di Kecamatan Klojen, Kota Malang
Authors: Maswain Agus Salim , Setyabudi Deni Nugroho , Rakhmadian Miftah
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengembangan sumber daya manusia pada usaha mikro di Kecamatan Klojen, Kota Malang, yang masih belum berkembang secara maksimal. Permasalahan yang dihadapi adalah masih adanya wirausaha yang usahanya stagnan dan belum mencapai potensi optimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan sumber data primer yang diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan informan dari Dinas DP2KUKM dan pelaku usaha di wilayah tersebut. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif melalui tahapan pengumpulan, reduksi, penyajian data, serta penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan sumber daya manusia di sektor usaha mikro di Kecamatan Klojen dilakukan melalui pelatihan bagi wirausaha baru. Selain itu, pelaku usaha menunjukkan inisiatif untuk menciptakan inovasi baru dan mengembangkan usaha mereka secara mandiri. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi hambatan dalam upaya pengembangan sumber daya manusia, yaitu kurangnya dukungan pemerintah daerah dalam hal penyediaan sarana dan prasarana yang memadai. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan bagi pemerintah, usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah serta usaha kecil dan menengah dalam meningkatkan efektivitas pengembangan usaha mikro di Kecamatan Klojen.
Efikasi Diri Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir
Authors: Mujib Mujib , Pratomo Tri , Lestari Mery , Jumadi Jumadi , Sriwiyanti Sriwiyanti
Published: February 2025

Efikasi diri memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam mendukung mahasiswa menyelesaikan tugas akhirnya pasca pandemi Covid-19. Baiknya efikasi diri mahasiswa diharapkan memberikan dampak selesainya tugas akhir mahasiswa secara baik dan sesuai dengan beban target pribadi maupun target dari kampus. Riset ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan efikasi diri mahasiswa (self eficacy) mahasiswa tingkat akhir Politeknik Negeri Pontianak Program Studi D4 Teknik Mesin. Adapun pertanyaan dalam riset ini yakni bagaimana efikasi diri mahasiswa tingkat akhir Politeknik Negeri Pontianak Program Studi D4 Teknik Mesin. Dalam riset ini responden yang turut serta berjumlah 38 mahasiswa tingkat akhir Politeknik Negeri Pontianak Program Studi D4 Teknik Mesin. Skala efikasi diri dimanfaatkan sebagai instrumen untuk mengumpulkan data. Analisis deskriptif dalam riset ini menggunakan distribusi frekuensi dan proses analisisnya menggunakan aplikasi SPSS. Hasil riset menggambarkan bahwa mahasiswa tingkat akhir Politeknik Negeri Pontianak Program Studi D4 Teknik Mesin memiliki efikasi diri (self eficacy) kategori tinggi sebesar 42,1%, sedang 44,7% dan rendah 13,2% atau secara umum masuk kategori tinggi. Terbukti dari respon-respon yang diberikan oleh responden terhadap sejumlah dimensi efikasi diri yakni level, generality, dan strength mahasiswa tingkat akhir Politeknik Negeri Pontianak Program Studi D4 Teknik Mesin yang juga masuk kategori tinggi.
MGL/SiNW-based exotic pin switch with low insertion loss and high isolation for THz communication: a quantum-rectified Schrodinger–Poisson drift-diffusion model for the design and analysis of switching behavior
Authors: Bhattacharya Saunak , Kundu Abhijit , Kundu Jhuma , Sarkar Angsuman , Mukherjee Moumita
Published: February 2025

In this paper, the authors explore the potential of an exotic multi-graphene layer/Si nanowire (MGL/SiNW) pin device as a switch in the THz frequency domain. The device is developed by the incorporation of multiple SiNWs into its intrinsic region. In contrast, cap and bottom layers are developed by the incorporation of multiple graphene layers. The electrical characterization of the proposed exotic pin device is carried out by developing a quantum-rectified Schrodinger–Poisson drift-diffusion (QRSP-DD) model. The developed QRSP-DD model is validated by analyzing experimental and simulation observations under similar operating conditions. After establishing its validity, the same model in conjunction with the PSpice simulator is used to obtain the switching characteristics of MGL/SiNW pin-based series-shunt and shunt single-pole single-throw (SPST), single-pole double-throw (SPDT), and single-pole multiple-throw (SPMT) switches in the THz frequency domain. The analysis proves that the MGL/SiNW pin-based SPMT switch offers low resistance (0.56 Ω), high isolation (91.15 dB), and low insertion loss (0.007 dB) at 5 THz frequency compared to its SiNW counterpart.
The public are receptive to risk-based innovations: a multi-methods exploration of anticipated acceptability and uptake of novel technologies for cancer early detection in symptomatic and asymptomatic scenarios
Authors: Dennison Rebecca A. , Clune Reanna J. , Tung Joanna S. L. , Schumacher Alina A. , Solovyeva Maria , Pandey Pranjal , Taylor Lily C. , Waller Jo , Usher-Smith Juliet A.
Published: February 2025

Introduction

New technologies and innovations are emerging that enable stratification of individuals based on their risk of cancer and enable screening or diagnostic investigations to be targeted to those at greatest need. This study aimed to explore, in depth, attitudes of the UK public toward this concept; specifically, anticipated acceptability and uptake, including barriers and enablers toward uptake.

Methods

A survey was completed independently by a representative population sample and alongside a researcher in think aloud interviews. Participants considered three of six exemplars of innovations that enable risk assessment: polygenic risk scores, geodemographic segmentation, continuous biomarker monitoring, minimally invasive tests, artificial intelligence analysis of medical records, and wearable devices. Questions about likelihood of taking up the risk assessment, acceptability of risk-stratified healthcare, and comfort about risk results being used within healthcare generally were set in asymptomatic then symptomatic scenarios. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression were used to explore differences between the exemplars and contexts and the impact of individual characteristics. Interviews were analyzed using codebook thematic analysis guided by the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability. Free-text comments were also analyzed thematically.

Results

999 participants completed the survey independently and 21 participants completed interviews. Most were extremely or somewhat likely to take up risk assessments, ranging from 62.0% for geodemographic segmentation to 85.2% for minimally invasive tests in the asymptomatic scenario, and from 64.2% for geodemographic segmentation to 94.0% for minimally invasive tests in the symptomatic scenario. Acceptability of using the exemplars within risk-stratified screening or referral pathways followed a similar pattern, as did comfort with the results being used widely. Qualitative analyses showed that the innovations and risk-based approach were viewed as proactive and logical. Tests requiring low burden were preferred, although most participants did not consider the burden of any of the innovations to be too high, particularly in the symptomatic context.

Conclusions

Risk-based innovations for cancer early detection are intuitive. Study participants would be likely to engage and support their use for risk stratification, particularly for decisions about symptom investigations. These findings justify and promote ongoing research to develop these technologies and highlight features that increase public acceptability.
Men's more frequent predisposing factors in infectious endocarditis facilitate improvement of outcomes by shortening of diagnostic delay
Authors: Andreß S. , Reischmann K. , Markovic S. , Rohlmann F. , Hay B. , Rottbauer W. , Buckert D. , d'Almeida S.
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Despite growing evidence for sex-specific differences in cardiovascular disease, sex is poorly considered in the management of infectious endocarditis (IE).

Purpose

This study aimed to assess sex-specific aspects in diagnosing IE.

Methods

All consecutive patients admitted at Ulm University Heart Center with suspected IE between 2009 and 2019 were included. IE was diagnosed using the Duke criteria. Risk factors, clinical presentation and in-hospital outcomes along with the impact of diagnostic delay were compared between male and female patients.

Results

IE was diagnosed in 96 of 118 men (81.4%) and 33 of 45 women (73.3%) (p = 0.121). Time to diagnosis was similar between the groups (p = 0.598). Regarding patient characteristics, men were younger (65.5 vs. 74.3 years, p = 0.006). Men exhibited a higher prevalence of predisposing cardiac conditions (p = 0.012) due to a higher frequency of a history of implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation (p = 0.004), and were more likely to have poor dental status (p = 0.001), and coronary artery disease (p = 0.002). The incidence of the complications of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (p = 0.007) and new-onset dialysis (p = 0.012) were higher, the time in the intensive care unit (p = 0.012) longer. Male sex was the only independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality [p = 0.036, HR 4.127 (95%-CI 1.096-15.538)]. Notably, only in the male cohort, a shorter time to diagnosis was associated with a lower mortality rate (p = 0.035, optimal cut-point 3.5 days). Men diagnosed within 3.5 days had a mortality rate of 13.5% compared to 31.8% for those diagnosed later (p = 0.028).

Conclusion

Men with suspected IE are younger, have more predisposing factors and experience a more complicated course of disease, while benefiting from early diagnosis. Therefore, recognizing the heightened risk profile specific to men during diagnosis can help to address their poorer prognosis.
The relationship between negative psychological state and quality of life among cardiovascular disease patients in China: the masking effect of abnormal dietary behavior
Authors: Chang QingNing , Ma HaiBo , Zhang Can , Li Xin , Wu YiBo , Ha LiNa
Published: February 2025

Background

It is well known that abnormal dietary behavior increases the risk for cardiovascular disease especially if the person is depressed and/or anxious. The purpose of this study was to construct a moderated mediation model to explore the roles of abnormal dietary behavior and family health in the mechanism through which depression/anxiety influences Quality of life (QoL) in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Methods

A field survey was conducted in China and ultimately included 730 patients with cardiovascular disease aged 20–60 years. Data were collected using the Europe Quality of five-dimensional five-level questionnaire, Short-Form of the Eating Behavior Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and the Chinese version of the short-form of the Family Health Scale. All data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics 23.0.

Results

(1) Depression was negatively associated with QoL (r = −0.386/−0.230, p < 0.001), and was positively correlated with abnormal dietary behavior (r = 0.377, p < 0.001). Anxiety was negatively associated with QoL (r = −0.383/−0.231, p < 0.001), and was positively correlated with abnormal dietary behavior (r = 0.333, p < 0.001). Abnormal dietary behavior was negatively correlated with QoL (r = −0.077/−0.119, p = 0.039/0.001). (2) In the mediation model, abnormal dietary behavior only had a masking effect on the relationship between depression and QoL, with a mediating effect size of 7.18%. The mediating effect of abnormal dietary behavior between anxiety and QoL was not significant. (3) The mediating effect size of abnormal dietary behavior between depression/anxiety and QoL increased to 14.77% and 13.57% in unhealthy families. The above masking mediation effect was not significant in healthy families.

Conclusions

Abnormal dietary behavior positively mediated the relationship between depression and QoL and attenuated the negative effect of depression on QoL in patients with cardiovascular disease. The masking mediating effect of abnormal dietary behavior between depression/anxiety and QoL was stronger for patients in unhealthy families.
Case Report: Dangerous liaisons between splenectomy and eltrombopag-induced chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in patients with immune thrombocytopenia: report of two cases and review of the literature
Authors: Castelli Roberto , Atzori Enrico , Delitala Alessandro Palmerio , Masala Salvatore Antonio , Micheluzzi Valentina , Ponti Enrico , Sanna Giuseppe , Castro Dante , Gidaro Antonio , Donadoni Mattia , Manetti Roberto , Merella Pierluigi , Profili Nicia Isabella , D'Armini Andrea Maria , Casu Gavino
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Primary immune thrombocytopenia is an autoimmune bleeding disorder characterized by variable immune-mediated platelet destruction. These patients have reported thrombotic complications, both venous and arterial, in addition to bleeding. Splenectomy and thrombopoietin receptor agonists are recommended for patients who do not respond to steroids or immunosuppressive treatments. Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension is a rare disease that results from a persistent, organized thromboembolic obstruction of the pulmonary arteries due to an incompletely resolved pulmonary embolism.

Case presentations

We report two cases of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension induced by a thrombotic mechanism after treatment with splenectomy and Eltrombopag, a thrombopoietin receptor agonist, for refractory primary immune thrombocytopenia. Consequently, the patients were referred for surgical pulmonary thromboendarterectomy therapy as suggested.

Conclusion

In older patients, those with a history of thrombotic manifestations, or those with high-risk factors, clinicians should evaluate and monitor the risk of thrombotic events and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension when treating primary immune thrombocytopenia with splenectomy and Eltrombopag.
The role of artificial intelligence in aortic valve stenosis: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Chen Shanshan , Wu Changde , Zhang Zhaojie , Liu Lingjuan , Zhu Yike , Hu Dingji , Jin Chenhui , Fu Haoya , Wu Jing , Liu Songqiao
Published: February 2025

Purpose

To explore the expanding role of artificial intelligence (AI) in managing aortic valve stenosis (AVS) by bibliometric analysis to identify research trends, key contributors, and the impact of AI on enhancing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for AVS.

Methods

A comprehensive literature review was conducted using the Web of Science database, covering publications from January 1990 to March 2024. Articles were analyzed with bibliometric tools such as CiteSpace and VOSviewer to identify key research trends, core authors, institutions, and research hotspots in AI applications for AVS.

Results

A total of 118 articles were analyzed, showing a significant increase in publications from 2014 onwards. The results highlight the growing impact of AI in AVS, particularly in cardiac imaging and predictive modeling. Core authors and institutions, primarily from the U.S. and Germany, are driving research in this field. Key research hotspots include machine learning applications in diagnostics and personalized treatment strategies.

Conclusions

AI is playing a transformative role in the diagnosis and treatment of AVS, improving accuracy and personalizing therapeutic approaches. Despite the progress, challenges such as model transparency and data security remain. Future research should focus on overcoming these challenges while enhancing collaboration among international institutions to further advance AI applications in cardiovascular medicine.
Integrated teaching methodology in the development of foreign language professional communicative competence on the discipline “organic chemistry” at Kazakhstan University
Authors: Kenzhe Aziza , Bitemirova Aliya , Bayan Ualikhanova , Bitursyn Saule , Zhorabekova Ainur
Published: February 2025

Introduction

In Kazakhstan, acquiring a foreign language is a prerequisite for advancing chemistry education, enabling students to access global scientific advancements, establish international professional connections, and exchange knowledge. This study examines the implementation of CLIL/ICLHE to enhance foreign language professional communicative competence (FLPCC) in chemistry. Based on this approach, a training model and a set of exercises were developed.

Methods

A quasi-experimental design was employed to compare the results among third-year students enrolled in the “Chemistry Teacher Training” educational program divided into experimental and control groups through pre-test and post-test assessments. The experimental group received training based on modeling, while the control group received traditional teaching. The experimental set of exercises was implemented during the 5 and 6th semesters of the academic year. The experiment consisted of three stages: preparation stage, forming stage and verifying stage.

Results

All data were analyzed using the independent samples t-test. The mean values and standard deviations for each criterion were evaluated in the control and experimental groups. The initial pre-test analysis indicated no significant differences between the groups, validating the equivalence of their baseline levels. However, after conducting the experiment, the results showed that the experimental group outperformed the control group across all measured criteria. These findings suggest that the proposed methodology positively influenced the development of various skills in students.

Discussion

The set of exercises was piloted during the experiment, and its effectiveness was evaluated through a comparison of pre-test and post-test results. The analysis using the t-test revealed a developmental trend across all criteria for the FLPCC components compared to the initial levels. However, one limitation of CLIL/ICLHE approach is that a single lesson may be insufficient to fully cover a single topic due to the extensive number of tasks involved. This limitation highlights the need for additional instructional time.
Exploring benefits of a collaborative Scottish university-organization alternative credentials approach to re-skilling
Authors: Smith Christopher J. M. , Choromides Constantinos , Clyde Alicia , Stewart-Knight Fiona
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Alternative credentialed forms of learning provide important learning pathways for professionals to up-and re-skill. In Scotland, credit-rating of learning is one option to create these credentialed courses, based on national principles from the Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework (SCQF) Partnership. However, there is currently almost no evidence on the benefits of such an approach for those involved, so this study focuses on examining the benefits of having a flexible national qualification system (SCQF) that allows ‘credit-rating’ of organizational learning.

Methods

An exploratory research methodology using a single case study design (based on one Scottish university) was used. Nine semi-structured interviews (with both learning providers and university employees) were inductively analyzed using a two-cycle thematic analysis approach to determine themes.

Results

The SCQF guidance and the business-orientated nature of Scottish universities in credit-rating of learning were highlighted as an important enabler for this alternative form of credentialed learning to being possible. Value to learners focused on having a professionally relevant qualification that had validity, both through possible credit transfer to other programs and providing recognition of competence. Such credit transfer and entry into university programs is a benefit for the university and aligns to Scottish Government priorities of widening access as well as supporting up-and re-skilling. Credit-rating of learning also enhances the credibility of the learning provider’s offering and enhances their own quality assurance processes.

Discussion

Clear value to a range of stakeholders is created, with the university able to determine its own business model to provide credit-rating of learning, and this flexibility is important to align to institutional strategy, as well as to provide an effective, efficient service. It is recognized that credit-rating of learning co-creates value for the participants, and future research and opportunity lies around exploring this further. Credit-rating of learning has great potential to support national priorities, but this service needs to be better understood by companies and employers for it to reach its potential.
Low-temperature biodegradation of freshwater dissolved organic matter during winter-to-spring transition
Authors: Bouvet Corentin , Beauregard Pascale B. , Guéguen Céline
Published: February 2025

The composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) directly affects the biological degradation processes and its persistence in aquatic systems. Spring floods export large amounts of DOM from land into aquatic systems, yet its lability remains largely unknown. This study uniquely investigates the biodegradation of DOM during the critical winter-to-spring transition in seasonally ice-covered marsh and lake environments. We employed a four-bacteria strain inoculum (Arthrobacter phenanthrenivorans, Bacillus licheniformis, Exiguobacterium sibiricum, and Paracoccus denitrificans) to degrade DOM collected during this period. Using advanced optical and molecular characteristics techniques, we demonstrated significant DOM bioalteration at low temperatures (4°C), which are naturally associated with early spring in cold temperate lakes and wetlands. Despite limited degradation of colored and fluorescent DOM (CDOM and FDOM, respectively), 84% of the mass-to-charge (m/z) peaks detected using positive ion mass spectrometry were lost in winter DOM after 28-day incubation. Biodegradation ranged from 74% to 77% during the spring freshet, with the lowest microbial alteration observed in DOM collected downstream of a marsh at the end of the spring melt season, likely due to increased primary production. These findings highlight the critical role of microbial processes in DOM transformation during periods of rapid hydrological change, providing insights into carbon cycling and ecosystem dynamics in cold aquatic environments.
Government environmental information disclosure and digital transformation of manufacturing companies: evidence from China
Authors: Xu Songtao , Chen Xia
Published: February 2025

Environmental pollution is a significant constraint on the sustainable development of manufacturing companies, while digital transformation has been proven to be an effective method for companies’ environmental governance. Government environmental information disclosure (GEID), as a crucial information governance tool, enhances the collaborative environmental governance capabilities of both government and external stakeholders of companies. Logically, this indicates that by emphasizing environmental regulation, GEID can promote corporate digital transformation. This study empirically analyzes the impact of GEID on the digital transformation of companies, using a sample of Chinese A-share listed manufacturing companies. The results indicate that higher local GEID levels significantly boost the digital transformation of manufacturing companies in the region, with a one-point increase in GEID resulting in a 0.31% rise in the degree of digital transformation. This conclusion remains robust across various endogeneity and robustness tests. Further analysis reveals that GEID primarily promotes digital transformation through mechanisms such as fostering companies’ green development strategies and green innovation, increasing R&D expenditure, and reducing financing constraints. Additionally, the study finds that the impact of GEID on digital transformation is especially significant in firms with poor environmental performance, low fixed asset ratios, non-state-owned enterprises, and during the post-2015 period. Despite heavy assets typically being seen as a barrier to digital transformation in heavily polluting industries, GEID still significantly promotes the digital transformation of asset-intensive enterprises. This study not only provides a new perspective on understanding the impact of GEID on corporate digital transformation but also offers empirical evidence for policymakers and corporate managers, thereby aiding enterprises in achieving sustainable development goals.
Immunologic and inflammatory consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its implications in renal disease
Authors: Naiditch Hiam , Betts Michael R. , Larman H. Benjamin , Levi Moshe , Rosenberg Avi Z.
Published: February 2025

The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic made it critical to understand the immune and inflammatory responses to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It became increasingly recognized that the immune response was a key mediator of illness severity and that its mechanisms needed to be better understood. Early infection of both tissue and immune cells, such as macrophages, leading to pyroptosis-mediated inflammasome production in an organ system critical for systemic oxygenation likely plays a central role in the morbidity wrought by SARS-CoV-2. Delayed transcription of Type I and Type III interferons by SARS-CoV-2 may lead to early disinhibition of viral replication. Cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), some of which may be produced through mechanisms involving nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), likely contribute to the hyperinflammatory state in patients with severe COVID-19. Lymphopenia, more apparent among natural killer (NK) cells, CD8+ T-cells, and B-cells, can contribute to disease severity and may reflect direct cytopathic effects of SARS-CoV-2 or end-organ sequestration. Direct infection and immune activation of endothelial cells by SARS-CoV-2 may be a critical mechanism through which end-organ systems are impacted. In this context, endovascular neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and microthrombi development can be seen in the lungs and other critical organs throughout the body, such as the heart, gut, and brain. The kidney may be among the most impacted extrapulmonary organ by SARS-CoV-2 infection owing to a high concentration of ACE2 and exposure to systemic SARS-CoV-2. In the kidney, acute tubular injury, early myofibroblast activation, and collapsing glomerulopathy in select populations likely account for COVID-19-related AKI and CKD development. The development of COVID-19-associated nephropathy (COVAN), in particular, may be mediated through IL-6 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling, suggesting a direct connection between the COVID-19-related immune response and the development of chronic disease. Chronic manifestations of COVID-19 also include systemic conditions like Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) and Adults (MIS-A) and post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), which may reflect a spectrum of clinical presentations of persistent immune dysregulation. The lessons learned and those undergoing continued study likely have broad implications for understanding viral infections’ immunologic and inflammatory consequences beyond coronaviruses.