bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of airframe weight reduction by integration of piezoelectric and guided wave–based structural health monitoring
Authors: Dienel Christoph P , Meyer Hendrik , Werwer Malte , Willberg Christian
Published: November 2018

Current design rules are analyzed and challenged by considering better damage-detection capabilities offered by structure health monitoring systems. The weight-saving potential associated to the integration of such sensing systems is discussed with regards to structural and structure health monitoring system design. Three prospective scenarios are analyzed and considered in a specific use case. According to the most promising scenario (i.e. robust detectability of damages larger than 300 mm2), structural weight reductions of approximately 9% can be achieved. Considering the weight added by the structure health monitoring system, effective weight savings in the order of 5% are achievable. Although this potential is rather modest, applying structure health monitoring systems on structures mainly driven by the damage tolerance criterion is expected to provide reductions far beyond 5%.
A framework for generating and evaluating façade designs using a multi-agent system approach
Authors: Pantazis Evangelos , Gerber David
Published: November 2018

Digital design paradigms in architecture have been rooted in representational models which are geometry centered and therefore fail to capture building complexity holistically. Due to a lack of computational design methodologies, existing digital design workflows do little in predicting design performance in the early design stage and in most cases analysis and design optimization are done after a design is fixed. This work proposes a new computational design methodology, intended for use in the area of conceptual design of building design. The proposed methodology is implemented into a multi-agent system design toolkit which facilitates the generation of design alternatives using stochastic algorithms and their evaluation using multiple environmental performance metrics. The method allows the user to probabilistically explore the solution space by modeling the design parameters’ architectural design components (i.e. façade panel) into modular programming blocks (agents) which interact in a bottom-up fashion. Different problem requirements (i.e. level of daylight inside a space, openings) described into agents’ behavior allow for the coupling of data from different engineering fields (environmental design, structural design) into the a priori formation of architectural geometry. In the presented design experiment, a façade panel is modeled into an agent-based fashion and the multi-agent system toolkit is used to generate and evolve alternative façade panel configurations based on environmental parameters (daylight, energy consumption). The designer can develop the façade panel geometry, design behaviors, and performance criteria to evaluate the design alternatives. The toolkit relies on modular and functionally specific programming modules (agents), which provide a platform for façade design exploration by combining existing three-dimensional modeling and analysis software.
Ecological Approaches to Teen Pregnancy Prevention: An Examination of Evidence-Based Interventions
Authors: Garney Whitney , Wilson Kelly , Nelon Jordan , Muraleetharan Daenuka , McLeroy Kenneth , Baletka Dawn-Marie
Published: November 2018

Over the past 20 years, teenage birth rates in the United States have declined substantially but continue to persist among certain populations. During this time period, a series of rigorously tested teen pregnancy prevention (TPP) programs were developed, and a number of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) emerged. In April 2017, researchers reviewed EBIs in TPP and examined each program’s socioecological levels of intervention, measurements approaches, and other ecological aspects. Findings indicate that the majority of TPP EBIs are aimed at the individual and/or interpersonal level of intervention. Furthermore, the programs were evaluated using the individual as the unit of analysis, regardless of what level the EBI targets. These findings represent serious gaps, specifically a lack of system-, environmental-, and policy-level EBIs. Future TP approaches should target multiple levels of social ecology, ensure measurements appropriately capture changes within these levels, and shift to a focus on a longer term population health improvement.
Accuracy of a ground-coupled antenna based non-contact method for detecting the integrity of lining contours
Authors: Cao Ruilang , Yang Yanqing , Wang Yujie , Sun Xingsong
Published: November 2018

Accurate detection of the lining contours is important for the evaluation of working condition and service life of the underground structures. A 1:1 test model was constructed to elucidate the accuracy of the non-contact detection of the lining profile with a ground-coupled antenna. In addition, the accuracy at various detection distances was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. At detection distances below 80 mm, it was found that a radar scanning map with well-defined lining contours could be obtained when gain processing techniques were applied to the measurement signal. As the detection distance is above 160 mm, the measured signal must be processed with horizontal background removal and vertical filter gain processing. In addition, when the detected values with large errors were corrected using the functional relationship between the contact and non-contact detection values, this effectively improved the detection accuracy to 92.05% at a detection distance of 160 mm. Based on the results of this study, the detection precision and non-contact detection distance were sufficient to satisfy the requirements for typical engineering applications. Considering the high accuracy and easy operability, the non-contact coupled antenna detection method is likely to be the best option to evaluate the lining contours in underground engineering.
In Strangers’ Hands: Thai Massage Services in Slovenia
Authors: Vidmar Horvat Ksenija , Pušnik Maruša
Published: November 2018

This article looks at the Thai massage industry in Slovenia and its impact on the perception of Thai women workers among users of the service. The arrival of Thai massage salons in Slovenia presents an aspect of global ‘body work’, which has increasingly relied on the labour of migrant women from the global South. In Slovenia, however, the presence of Thai female labour is a relatively new development, as is migration from Asia more broadly. In our analysis, we focus on the cultural aspects of the encounter between the providers and users of the service, as it unfolds in the micro setting of the massage salons. We argue that the closeness of the encounter between the two bodies – the worker’s and the consumer’s – complicates the concept of the modern stranger, as it is usually attached to the (male) migrant in the public space. Moreover, the intimate contact with the migrant worker confuses the hierarchies of gender, race and ethnicity and shifts the location of power and vulnerability. Our findings are then placed within the broader frame of contemporary post-socialist Slovene society to ask how this particular experience of body work may coincide with, or contest, local attitudes towards global migrants.
The continuing role of chemotherapy in the management of advanced urothelial cancer
Authors: Gómez De Liaño Alfonso , Duran Ignacio
Published: November 2018

Despite intense drug development in the last decade in metastatic urothelial carcinoma and the incorporation of novel compounds to the treatment armamentarium, chemotherapy remains a key treatment strategy for this disease. Platinum-based combinations are still the backbone of first-line therapy in most cases. The role of chemotherapy in the second line has been more ill-defined due to the complexity of this setting, where patient selection remains critical. Nevertheless, two regimens, one in monotherapy (i.e. vinflunine) and one in combination with antiangiogenics (i.e. docetaxel + ramucirumab) have shown efficacy. Immunotherapy through checkpoint inhibition has revealed remarkably durable benefit in a small proportion of patients in the first and second line and is currently the preferred partner for combinations with chemotherapy. Difficult populations such as patients with liver metastases or those progressing to checkpoint inhibition represent a medical challenge and selective ways of delivering cytotoxics, like the antibody–drug conjugates, might represent a valid alternative. This article reviews the current role of chemotherapy in the management of advanced urothelial carcinoma and the ongoing and coming studies involving this treatment strategy.
Introducing the 3S (Student–School Nurse–School Community) Model
Authors: Wolfe Linda C. , Maughan Erin D. , Bergren Martha Dewey
Published: November 2018

Data collection and use is an integral competency for school nursing practice. The 3S (Student–School Nurse–School Community) Model is a visual representation of how to categorize school health data and identify what data are needed. This article introduces the model and shows a logical progression of how data align to influence outcomes and provides a tool for analyzing school health data.
An Inductive Approach to Examining Racial Majority Versus Minority Expectations and Appraisals of Police Legitimacy in a Small-Town Context
Authors: Spencer Tyrell , Kochel Tammy Rinehart
Published: November 2018

In the wake of significant media coverage of officer involved shootings and civil unrest to protest police behaviors toward Black suspects, policing is confronting a time where public perceptions of police are central to effective policing, especially views by racial minorities. Efforts to understand these views have largely been conducted within urban contexts. Moreover, many studies have relied on quantitative survey data to examine racial differences in views about police; thus, scant research has used qualitative approaches to understand racial differences. Based on qualitative in-person surveys administered to 238 residents in a small Midwestern town, we aim to understand residents’ expectations and assessments of police legitimacy. Contrary to research conducted in urban areas, we do not find a racial gap in views about police. Other than a stronger preference among White residents on the role of police as crime fighters, differences are subtle. These small-town residents appear to be like-minded in their assessments and view police positively. However, nontrivial, albeit nonsignificant, differences by race include minority residents emphasizing treatment by police in making legitimacy judgments, likely explained by the group position thesis and accumulated experiences, while it seems White residents based their responses on global views about the ideal police officer.
Current Focusing to Reduce Channel Interaction for Distant Electrodes in Cochlear Implant Programs
Authors: DeVries Lindsay , Arenberg Julie G.
Published: November 2018

Speech understanding abilities are highly variable among cochlear implant (CI) listeners. Poor electrode–neuron interfaces (ENIs) caused by sparse neural survival or distant electrode placement may lead to increased channel interaction and reduced speech perception. Currently, it is not possible to directly measure neural survival in CI listeners; therefore, obtaining information about electrode position is an alternative approach to assessing ENIs. This information can be estimated with computerized tomography (CT) imaging; however, postoperative CT imaging is not often available. A reliable method to assess channel interaction, such as the psychophysical tuning curve (PTC), offers an alternative way to identify poor ENIs. This study aimed to determine (a) the within-subject relationship between CT-estimated electrode distance and PTC bandwidths, and (b) whether using focused stimulation on channels with suspected poor ENI improves vowel identification and sentence recognition. In 13 CI listeners, CT estimates of electrode-to-modiolus distance and PTCs bandwidths were measured for all available electrodes. Two test programs were created, wherein a subset of electrodes used focused stimulation based on (a) broad PTC bandwidth (Tuning) and (b) far electrode-to-modiolus distance (Distance). Two control programs were also created: (a) Those channels not focused in the Distance program (Inverse-Control), and (b) an all-channel monopolar program (Monopolar-Control). Across subjects, scores on the Distance and Tuning programs were significantly higher than the Inverse-Control program, and similar to the Monopolar-Control program. Subjective ratings were similar for all programs. These findings suggest that focusing channels suspected to have a high degree of channel interaction result in quite different outcomes, acutely.
Ansatzpunkte für eine Flexibilisierung der Führungskräfteentlohnung
Authors: Hentze Joachim , Kammel Andreas
Published: November 2018

Der Führungskräfteentlohnung wird besonders in den USA aber auch in der Bundesrepublik seit einigen Jahren in Theorie und Praxis verstärkt Aufmerksamkeit zuteil. Neben der Entwicklung der Einkommenshöhe vor allem bei Topmanagern gilt das Interesse hauptsächlich einzelnen Entlohnungskomponenten und deren sinnvoller Kombination unter Anreiz- und Leistungsaspekten, wobei die strategische Ausrichtung von Anreizinstrumenten immer stärker in den Mittelpunkt rückt.

Der folgende Beitrag behandelt die Gestaltung von Führungskräfteentlohnungssystemen gedanklich-konzeptionell unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Flexibilität, die aufgrund verstärkter Ungewißheit durch wachsende Umweltturbulenzen gerade bei Überlegungen im Rahmen des Strategischen Managements eine immer größere Rolle spielt.

Der Erörterung von Ansatzpunkten einer Flexibilisierung von Führungskräfteentlohnung sind wichtige begriffliche Aspekte der Flexibilität und wesentliche Gundlagen der Führungskräfteentlohnung vorangestellt. Die Ausführungen stellen eine vorläufige und weiterentwicklungsbedürftige Perspektive für eine prospektive Gestaltung der Führungskräfteentlohnung dar. Konkrete Handlungs- bzw. Gestaltungsempfehlungen i.S. endgültiger Rezepte zum Zwecke der praktischen Erprobung werden nicht angesprochen.
Zur Anwendung der multi-attributiven Nutzentechnik bei der Personalauswahl
Authors: Müller Günter F. , Nachreiner Friedhelm
Published: November 2018

In diesem Artikel wird ein Verfahren beschrieben, das dazu beitragen kann, Entscheidungen bei der Personalauswahl psychologisch anzuleiten und damit auch bislang vernachlässigte Probleme, wie die der Vorauswahl von Stellenbewerbern effektiver zu lösen. Es handelt sich um die multi-attributive Nutzentechnologie von W. Edwards. Sie wird dargestellt, in ihrer Anwendung beispielhaft verdeutlicht und bezüglich ihrer Stärken, Schwächen und praktischen Implikationen diskutiert.
Innovationen und Umweltschutz im Bewußtsein von Betriebsräten
Authors: Eisbach J. , Bohnenkamp U. , Bontrup H.-J.
Published: November 2018

Bei anstehenden Massenentlassungen oder Betriebsstillegungen ist in den letzten Jahren wiederholt die Aufnahme sozial- und umweltverträglicher Produkte seitens der Gewerkschaften gefordert worden. Im Rahmen eines von der Landesregierung Nordrhein-Westfalens geförderten Projekts ist daran anknüpfend der Frage nachgegangen worden, inwieweit derartige Forderungen auf eine Befassung damit während (noch) normaler Geschäftsentwicklung aufbauen können. Eine schriftliche und mündliche Befragung von Betriebsräten aus dem Organisationsbereich der GHK und der IGM im Kreis Lippe hat ergeben, daß sich die Betriebsräte kaum mit der betrieblichen Innovationspolitik befassen und sich Produktalternativen nicht vorzustellen vermochten. Die Zunahme des allgemeinen Umweltbewußtseins hat noch nicht zu einer entsprechenden Sensibilisierung gegenüber der betrieblich verursachten Umweltbelastung geführt. In ihrer Mehrzahl hielten die Betriebsräte den Betrieb für ökologisch unbedenklich.
Sozialwissenschaftliche Technikforschung
Authors: Bammé Arno , Baumgartner Peter , Berger Wilhem , Kotzmann Ernst
Published: November 2018

Wer heute als österreichischer Sozialwissenschaftler einen Blick über die Grenze in die westdeutsche Wissenschaftslandschaft wirft, der wird von sehr gemischten Gefühlen berichten können, einerseits von der Freude über die zunehmende, auch ministeriell bescheinigte Akzeptanz der Notwendigkeit und Wichtigkeit sozialwissenschaftlicher Forschung, andererseits von dem Unbehagen über den Preis, mit dem diese Akzeptanz erkauft wird. Im folgenden geht es uns nicht darum, diese Entwicklung, die wir als Säkularisierung der Sozialwissenschaften interpretieren, einer Kritik zu unterziehen. Das haben andere schon an anderer Stelle besorgt (Tschiedel, 1987; Alternative Liste, 1986; Ryll, 1987) oder werden es sicher bald besorgen. Wir erfüllen hier, exemplarisch zwar, aber möglichst sorgfältig, nur unsere Pflicht als Chronist eines kurzen, aber zentralen Abschnitts in der Entwicklung der Sozialwissenschaften von der Sozialphilosophie zur Sozialtechnologie.
The current state of sickle cell trait: implications for reproductive and genetic counseling
Authors: Pecker Lydia H. , Naik Rakhi P.
Published: November 2018

Sickle cell trait (SCT) is unique among the carrier states that are identified during newborn screening. Unlike other heterozygous states for rare recessive diseases, SCT is exceedingly prevalent throughout regions of the world, making sickle cell disease one of the most common monogenetic diseases worldwide. Because of this high frequency, reproductive counseling is of paramount importance. In addition, unlike other carrier states, SCT seems to be a risk factor for several clinical complications, such as extreme exertional injury, chronic kidney disease, and venous thromboembolism. Increasing knowledge about these clinical outcomes can help inform genetic counseling recommendations. Expanding research and clinical efforts are needed to ensure that the promises of modern and precision medicine can be delivered to the millions of SCT carriers and their children.
Costs of outpatient and inpatient MRSA screening and treatment strategies for patients at elective hospital admission - a decision tree analysis
Authors: Hutzschenreuter Luise , Flessa Steffen , Dittmann Kathleen , Hübner Nils-Olaf
Published: November 2018

Background

Nosocomial infections are among the most common complications in hospitals. A major part is caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO). MRSA is still the most prominent and frequent MDRO. The early detection of carriers of multidrug-resistant bacteria is an effective measure to reduce nosocomial infections caused by MDRO. For patients who are planning to go to the hospital, an outpatient screening for MDRO and pre-hospital decolonization is recommended. However, the effectiveness of such pre-admission MDRO management in preparation for a planned hospital stay has not yet been sufficiently scientifically examined from an economic perspective.

Methods

A decision tree will be used to develop scenarios for MDRO screening and treatment in the context of the outpatient and inpatient sectors using MRSA-positive patients as an example. Subsequently, the expected costs for the respective strategy are presented.

Results

The decision tree analysis shows that the expected costs of outpatient MRSA management are €8.24 and that of inpatient MRSA management are €672.51.

Conclusion

The forward displacement of the MRSA screening to the ambulatory sector and any subsequent outpatient decolonization for patients with a planned hospitalization is the most cost-effective strategy and should become a standard benefit. Excluding opportunity costs, the expected costs of inpatient MRSA management are €54.94.
Authentic Inquiry through Modeling in Biology (AIM-Bio): An Introductory Laboratory Curriculum That Increases Undergraduates’ Scientific Agency and Skills
Authors: Hester Susan D. , Nadler Michele , Katcher Jennifer , Elfring Lisa K. , Dykstra Emily , Rezende Lisa F. , Bolger Molly S.
Published: November 2018

Providing opportunities for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics undergraduates to engage in authentic scientific practices is likely to influence their view of science and may impact their decision to persist through graduation. Laboratory courses provide a natural place to introduce students to scientific practices, but existing curricula often miss this opportunity by focusing on confirming science content rather than exploring authentic questions. Integrating authentic science within laboratory courses is particularly challenging at high-enrollment institutions and community colleges, where access to research-active faculty may be limiting. The Authentic Inquiry through Modeling in Biology (AIM-Bio) curriculum presented here engages students in authentic scientific practices through iterative cycles of model generation, testing, and revision. AIM-Bio university and community college students demonstrated their ability to propose diverse models for biological phenomena, formulate and address hypotheses by designing and conducting experiments, and collaborate with classmates to revise models based on experimental data. Assessments demonstrated that AIM-Bio students had an enhanced sense of project ownership and greater identification as scientists compared with students in existing laboratory courses. AIM-Bio students also experienced measurable gains in their nature of science understanding and skills for doing science. Our results suggest AIM-Bio as a potential alternative to more resource-intensive curricula with similar outcomes.
Health Care Access, Costs, and Treatment Dynamics: Evidence from In Vitro Fertilization
Authors: Hamilton Barton H. , Jungheim Emily , McManus Brian , Pantano Juan
Published: November 2018

We study public policies designed to improve access and reduce costs for in vitro fertilization (IVF). High out-of-pocket prices can deter potential patients from IVF, while active patients have an incentive to risk costly high-order pregnancies to improve their odds of treatment success. We analyze IVF’s rich choice structure by estimating a dynamic model of patients’ choices within and across treatments. Policy simulations show that insurance mandates for treatment or hard limits on treatment aggressiveness can improve access or costs, but not both. Insurance plus price-based incentives against risky treatment, however, can together improve patient welfare and reduce medical costs. (JEL G22, I11, I13, I18, J13, J16)
Taking a Financial Position in Your Opponent in Litigation
Authors: Choi Albert H. , Spier Kathryn E.
Published: November 2018

Before filing suit, a plaintiff can take a financial position in a defendant firm. A short position benefits the plaintiff by transforming a negative expected-value claim into a positive expected-value one and by enhancing the claim's settlement value. If the capital market is less than strong-form efficient, the plaintiff also benefits directly from the decline in the defendant's stock price. When the defendant is privately informed about the case's merits, bargaining failures can arise. While aggressive short-selling benefits the plaintiff at the expense of the defendant, moderate levels of short-selling can benefit the defendant and raise the settlement rate. (JEL D82, G14, K41)
US Farm Bill (2014) e DS522 (2016) X Eficiência das Decisões do OSC
Authors: Floriani Lara Bonemer Rocha , Ribeiro Marcia Carla Pereira
Published: November 2018

O artigo analisa a eficiência das decisões proferidas no âmbito do OSC a partir do US Farm Bill de 2014 e do DS522 (2016), normativas que tratam de novos subsídios fornecidos respectivamente pelos Estados Unidos da América ao setor do algodão e pelo Canadá à indústria aeronáutica com potencial de produção de efeitos sobre os países concorrentes, como aqueles decorrentes do DS267 e DS46, DS70 e DS222. Em que pese à existência de decisões já proferidas no âmbito do OSC em relação a esses dois países, foram adotados, no curto prazo, mecanismos para fornecer novos subsídios, em desrespeito aos acordos internacionais que questionam, via de consequência, a autoridade do OSC e da própria OMC. Para a elaboração deste estudo, foi utilizado o método hipotético-dedutivo e o ferramental da Análise Econômica do Direito, especialmente o conceito de eficiência. Inicia-se com a apresentação do conceito de eficiência, seguido de uma abordagem sobre o OSC, em especial, sobre o procedimento de tomada e implementação das decisões. Na sequência, foram analisados os DS267 e DS46, DS70 e DS222 para fundar as bases necessárias para introduzir o US Farm Bill de 2014 e o DS522 (2016) e, consequentemente, questionar a eficiência das decisões proferidas no âmbito do OSC.
Producer Method of V.E. Meyerhold in the Organization of Socio-Cultural Activities
Authors: Плотников А. , Plotnikov A. , Плотникова Галина , Plotnikova Galina
Published: November 2018

The article reveals the principles of the "conditional theater" of Meyerhold and substantiates the integrity of the director's methodology for the organization of modern entertainment projects. The unity of the principles of carnivalization, relevance, polarization of genres, episodic composition, as well as allegorical or poetic transformation of reality into a scenic spectacle reveals itself in the continuity of design, artistic, rehearsal and organizational processes. It is proved that creative methods of directing theatrical performances and festivals continue the traditions of the directorial methodology of Meyerhold as the basis for the organization of socio-cultural projects at the present stage of development of society.
Citation as a method of support and maintenance of scientific research
Authors: Понкин Игорь , Ponkin Igor , Редькина Алена , Red'kina Alena
Published: November 2018

This publication is devoted to the topic of citation as a method of support and maintenance of scientific research, in particular in legal science, filling the existing in the Russian science significant gaps. Explained the concept of "quote" and "quotation", "reference" and "reference". The General importance of citation (as well as the use of references and references) for science is shown, the legal aspects of the reference topic are disclosed. The functional-target load of citation, the use of references and references and the rules of fair citation are described. The authors address questions about the extent of proper and permissible within the scope of citation, the understanding and extent of the appropriate and permissible in the repeated (repeated) particular use by the author of his author's scientific texts and self-citation, in the republication by the author of his previously published complete scientific work. Citation defects, their background and causes, their negative consequences are investigated. The value and features of citation in legal science are investigated and explained.
POLÍTICA NACIONAL DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS: UM ESTUDO SOBRE O DESCARTE DE MEDICAMENTOS E A RESPONSABILIDADE COMPARTILHADA NA CIDADE DE BELÉM, PARÁ, BRASIL
Authors: FERREIRA FERNANDA NEVES , RIBEIRO HEBE MORGANNE CAMPOS , BELTRÃO NORMA ELY SANTOS , PONTES ALTEM NASCIMENTO
Published: November 2018

Esta pesquisa estudou a eficácia da responsabilidade compartilhada no âmbito da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS) em uma das capitais do Brasil, com o enfoque em medicamentos expirados ou em desuso, buscando minimizar os impactos ambientais do descarte irregular desse tipo de resíduo. As pesquisas nacionais e internacionais na última década mostram que há existência de degradação ambiental, proveniente do descarte inadequado de medicamentos. Nesse sentido, foi descrito o funcionamento da responsabilidade compartilhada e de outras leis que promovem a proteção do meio ambiente através da exigência da gestão de resíduos de saúde. E, através de estatística descritiva dos dados obtidos pelos questionários aplicados a 56 estudantes universitários, identificou-se o posicionamento de alguns cidadãos de Belém-PA sobre a temática. Como resultados obtidos, constatou-se que a responsabilidade compartilhada em Belém-PA ainda não está efetiva. O governo local está iniciando a implementação de uma coleta seletiva destes resíduos em particular. Além disso, a população da pesquisa demonstrou a necessidade de investimento em programas de conscientização sobre o assunto.
PAGAMENTO POR SERVIÇOS AMBIENTAIS: CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA O DEBATE SOBRE SUA APLICAÇÃO NO CONTEXTO BRASILEIRO PÓS - CONSTITUIÇÃO FEDERAL DE 1988
Authors: Fabri Andréa Queiroz , Barros Rodrigo Borges , Reis Alexandre Magrineli , Pereira Edilaine Aparecida Rodrigues
Published: November 2018

Serviços ambientais podem ser considerados como benefícios proporcionados ao ser humano pelos ecossistemas. Com o intuito de promover o uso consciente dos recursos ambientais e as iniciativas voluntárias de conservação, foi pensado o instrumento de pagamento por serviços ambientais. Esse mecanismo contribui para eficácia das políticas públicas ambientais ao incentivar mudanças de comportamento quanto ao uso e manejo dos recursos ambientais, proporcionando melhoria na qualidade de vida e do meio ambiente. Contudo, para instituição desses programas é preciso ainda debater uma série de questões, inclusive relativas ao Direito. No contexto brasileiro de ausência de uma Política Nacional de Pagamentos por Serviços Ambientais e de movimento de vários estados na estruturação de políticas locais, o debate se torna urgente, para que as estratégias adotadas sejam uníssonas e condizentes com os preceitos legais e sociais de promoção do interesse e do bem comum. Busca-se neste artigo revisar criticamente, no contexto pós-Constituição Federal de 1988, os conceitos fundamentais que regem a prática de pagamento por serviços ambientais e os requisitos necessários para a manutenção de um mercado de serviços ambientais. Além disso, apresentar iniciativas nacionais, estaduais e municipais de criação de requisitos legais sobre a matéria.
50 anos do “O Direito à Cidade”: repensando a (re)produção dos Conjuntos Habitacionais de Interesse Social em Belo Horizonte
Authors: Almeida Reginaldo Magalhães de
Published: November 2018

Em 2018, completam-se 50 anos da publicação da obra-manifesto denominada “O Direito à Cidade” de Henri Lefebvre, uma das mais significativas publicações da teoria urbanística do Século XX. Mais do que comemorar, os profissionais que trabalham com o espaço urbano devem refletir sobre a amplitude das ideias de Lefebvre. O objetivo deste artigo é baseado na crítica de Lefebvre presente no livro “O Direito à Cidade”, analisar o processo de urbanização de parte da região noroeste de Belo Horizonte, na modalidade de grandes conjuntos habitacionais do Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida. Pretende-se demonstrar a perenidade da crítica de Lefebvre. Para o desenvolvimento deste artigo, utilizou-se como base de estudos uma pesquisa documental realizada no livro citado anteriormente e também em outras publicações de renomados críticos da questão urbana, bem como em processos administrativos de conjuntos habitacionais, destinados para a população de menor poder aquisitivo, implantados em Belo Horizonte, a partir de 2010. Conclui-se que, apesar de transcorridos décadas de publicação do livro “O Direito à Cidade”, as suas ideias devem ser revividas e rediscutidas, pois intervenções patrocinadas por grupos privilegiados e sobre a tutela do Estado com o discurso modernizador e que excluem a maioria da população, dominam ainda as práticas urbanas, principalmente em Belo Horizonte. Desse modo áreas são urbanizadas pelo Estado, grandes conjuntos habitacionais de interesse social são construídos distantes do centro da cidade, dos equipamentos e serviços urbanos, destruindo a diversidade, a urbanidade, com um discurso de melhoria da qualidade de vida, que esconde o real sentido do domínio e expansão do capital.
Os Direitos da Natureza
Authors: Silveira Ronie Alexsandro Teles da
Published: November 2018

O artigo parte da percepção de que existe um sentimento crescente na cultura contemporâneaque demanda respeito pelos seres não humanos. Por sua vez, esse sentimento solicita o reconhecimento dos direitos da natureza. A partir dessa constatação, distinguem-se duas posições básicas que tentam tornar efetiva essa demanda: o direito instrumental e o direito próprio. O primeiro mantém um raciocínio instrumental que é típico da técnica. O segundo não pode ser conciliado com esse primeiro tipo de raciocínio. Para ganho de clareza, se compara rapidamente a noção medieval de natureza com aquela que forneceu a base para a ciência moderna e que se aliou historicamente com crenças monoteístas, especialmente as cristãs. Finaliza-se com a constatação de que a obtenção de uma validade cultural efetiva para o direito próprio da natureza, se ocorrer, implicará em duas frentes de disputa nada desprezíveis. Uma contra as crenças monoteístas e outra contra a base da cultura científica ocidental.Palavras-chave: Natureza; Direito; Ciência; Técnica; Monoteísmo
O papel do amicus curiae e das audiências públicas como instrumentos de aperfeiçoamento e legitimidade das decisões no Supremo Tribunal Federal
Authors: Lulia Luciana De Toledo Temer , Domingues Diego Sígoli
Published: November 2018

O presente artigo se propõe a compreender a importância da atuação do amicus curiae e da realização das audiências públicas como instrumentos de aperfeiçoamento das decisões judiciais, bem como de legitimidade do Poder Judiciário, sobretudo do Supremo Tribunal Federal. Por um lado, o amicus curiae atua como sendo um terceiro autônomo e sem interesse direto na lide, ao qual não compõe nenhum dos polos da relação processual posta em juízo, mas auxilia os julgadores nas questões eminentemente técnicas e jurídicas, principalmente aquelas dotadas com conteúdo de direitos difusos e coletivos, visando à correta aplicação do direito ao caso, propiciando eficiência da atividade jurisdicional. De outro lado, a realização de audiências públicas amplia o debate sobre o tema posto sub judice, eis que assegura maior participação de determinada parcela da sociedade envolvida ou efetiva e potencialmente atingida pela decisão a ser proferida, assegurando a democratização quanto à pluralização do debate constitucional, o acesso à justiça de modo amplo, bem como auxilia na legitimação das decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal sobre temas relevantes.
ALGUMAS REFLEXÕES E PERTINENTES PONDERAÇÕES, VIA ANÁLISE ECONÕMICA DO DIREITO, SOBRE OS BITCOINS E A SUA EVENTUAL UTILIZAÇÃO NA RECUPERAÇÃO JUDICIAL
Authors: Lana Henrique Avelino , Cruz Lucas Vinicios
Published: November 2018

De forma acadêmica e construtiva, sem pretender esgotar o assunto, o presente artigo tem como objetivo realizar um estudo jurídico e econômico do bitcoin, que é a espécie de moeda virtual mais utilizada no mundo, mediante as ferramentas metodológicas da Análise Econômica do Direito, demonstrando como o uso de bitcoins nas transações realizadas pela sociedade empresária em recuperação pode reduzir os custos de transação e contribuir para uma recuperação judicial menos custosa, mais célere e mais eficiente, colaborando, ainda, para que a recuperação judicial cumpra os seus objetivos previstos no art. 47 da Lei n. 11.101/05, quais sejam, viabilizar a superação da situação de crise econômico-financeira do devedor, a manutenção da fonte produtora, bem como do emprego dos trabalhadores e dos interesses dos credores, promovendo, assim, a preservação da empresa e da sociedade empresária, sua função social e o estímulo à atividade econômica.
O formalismo jurídico em Hans Kelsen: tensões e limites
Authors: Santos Caio Santiago
Published: November 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir tensões e limites no formalismo jurídico de Hans Kelsen. Trata-se de pesquisa teórica por meio da revisão bibliográfica de trabalhos do autor, não se limitando à obra Teoria Pura do Direito. Conclui-se que a sua proposta de “pureza metodológica” por vezes conflita com a “impureza” do objeto e da prática jurídica. De todo modo, apesar dos limites e tensões em Kelsen, aponta-se para a atualidade da proposta de uma ciência do direito com foco no estudo de normas jurídicas positivas.
Influências na retórica (do Direito) a partir de Parmênides e Heráclito
Authors: Torres Neto José Lourenço
Published: November 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar o desenvolvimento da tradição retórica e como esta influenciou o discurso jurídico. A partir de uma revisão bibliográfica faz um recorte comparativo entre duas posturas filosóficas da Antiguidade (as posturas ontológica e retórica) para observar como seus postulados repercutiram e determinaram a predominância de algumas acepções relacionadas à retórica e seus usos nos discursos jurídicos. Portanto é um estudo qualitativo que questiona o conceito (ou o preconceito) de retórica no Direito que em vários momentos a considera como uma mera arte de falar bem ou como tópica, argumentação ou persuasão. Para tanto, toma Aristóteles, e em especial a Retórica, que soma as contribuições de filósofos clássicos como Parmênides e Heráclito para estabelecer as tradições filosóficas que determinaram usos nos discursos jurídicos. O estudo contribui teoricamente para combater um equívoco bem difundido não só entre os leigos, mas principalmente no meio filosófico, e, toma como marco teórico a(s) tese(s) de Ballweg e  Adeodato que apresentam a retórica como método, metodologia e metódica. Conclui que a retórica está fundada numa complexidade discursiva como método produtor de várias outras tradições práticas, para a análise dos discursos jurídicos.
Metas do Conselho Nacional de Justiça e o direito responsivo: uma análise no Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de Rondônia
Authors: Watanabe Carolina Yukari Veludo , Carvalho Samile Dias
Published: November 2018

O Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ) é órgão de controle da atuação administrativa e financeira do Poder Judiciário e do cumprimento dos deveres funcionais dos juízes. Uma das medidas adotadas para o desempenho do seu papel é o estabelecimento de metas anuais comuns a todos os tribunais. Estas metas possuem foco na agilidade, responsabilidade social, modernização e priorização de julgamento. Contudo, o CNJ sofre diversas críticas, ao mesmo tempo em que há exigência de elaboração e implementação de políticas públicas para melhorar a prestação jurisdicional. Função conferida ao CNJ, assim, é necessário avaliar e analisar as políticas implantadas. Este trabalho busca analisar o modelo jurídico em que as metas propostas pelo CNJ estão inseridas, por meio de pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória e bibliográfica. Posteriormente, busca também a identificação do desempenho do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de Rondônia (TJRO) de forma quantitativa, exploratória, descritiva e documental. Os resultados indicam que a implementação de metas pelo CNJ tem raízes no direito responsivo, sendo um movimento que oferece pequena participação da sociedade. O TJRO demonstrou ter um bom desempenho dentro das metas mais recorrentes, fruto do empenho de membros, servidores e administração.
Dielectric Properties of (CdSe)1-X(ZnS)X Mixed Semiconductor Compounds
Authors: YADAIAH K. , KRISHNAIAH J. , REDDY VASUDEVA , NAGABHUSHANAM M.
Published: November 2018

Dielectric permittivity has been an important property of binary and mixed semiconductor materials as it is closely related to the studies on polarization and relaxation mechanisms. Therefore, dielectric properties of (CdSe)1-X(ZnS)X mixed semiconductors are studied at different frequencies. The mixed semiconductor samples used in the study are grown by controlled co-precipitation method. From these studies ac conductivity, static and optical dielectric constants, relaxation times and activation energy of dipole relaxation are determined. The variation of dielectric constant with frequency and composition of the sample was explained on the basis of Koops grain boundary mechanism.
Determination of Metals of Toxicological Significance in Waste Water Irrigated Vegetables of Satna Region
Authors: TAMRAKAR S. , RICHHARIYA NEELAM
Published: November 2018

Untreated or partially treated wastewater is widely used for irrigation in water scarce regions in several countries including India. While the nutrients contained in the wastewater is considered as beneficial to agriculture, the contaminants present in wastewater pose health risks directly to agricultural workers and indirectly to consumers of the waste water grown product. In the present work effects of municipal waste water irrigation on the accumulation of heavy metals Pb, Ni and Cd in vegetables was investigated by monitoring waste water irrigated agricultural fields of Satna area. It was found that the vegetables grown with waste water had higher concentrations of metals than those irrigated with tube well water with highest concentration of all the metals found in Spinach i.e. Pd, Cd and Ni to be 5.5, 4.0 and 6.2 mg/Kg dry weight respectively.
A Nobel Smart Antenna for Broad-Band Applications
Authors: KUMAR SAPHI SHYAM , MISHRA H.N.
Published: November 2018

In this research paper a short review on smart antenna is presented. The smart antenna consisting of micro strip patches array has been presented. It will enable a higher capacity in wireless networks by effectively reducing multipath and co-channel interference. This is achieved by focusing the radiation only in the desired direction and adjusting itself to changing or signal environment. A Nobel technique is investigated to form the desired shape forming of beam. This has become a part of range improvement and increase in capacity of smart antenna.
Noise Minimization in Wireless Network
Authors: SINGH GOPAL , MISHRA H.N.
Published: November 2018

The 2Dwhitenoise model has been extended to represent a modified power law that is realistic. It allows for finite moments for the interference.The white noise processes with a decaying power law.Impulse response functions are ideally suited for modeling the network self-interference in an ad hoc network.The nodes are distributed in a plane according to a Poisson point process. A stochastic impulse response function is used to model different random parameters like channel fluctuation, variable transmission power of the nodes etc. For a decaying power law, all the moments of the interference diverge.We have presented performance curves for the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel with and without variable transmission power at the nodes.We have imposed a guard zone around each receiver node in the network to modify the shot noise model to this channel access scheme and demonstrate the improvement in pernode throughput the guard zone.
Hábitos alimenticios en niños y niñas escolares en una institución educativa privada del norte de Bogotá
Authors: Acosta Castillo Lina Marcela , Buitrago Zambrano Adriana Lucia , Parra Rodríguez Cristian Andrés
Published: November 2018

Antecedentes: la Encuesta Nacional de la Situación Nutricional en Colombia (Ensin) reportó que para el año 2010 el 13.4% de niños entre 5 y 17 años presentaban sobrepeso y 4.1% obesidad. Esto, basándose en los lineamientos definidos por el Ministerio de Protección Social en la resolución 2465 de 2010, la cual indica los patrones de referencia para la clasificación antropométrica.Objetivo: conocer los hábitos alimenticios de niños y niñas de una institución educativa privada de Bogotá mediante la identificación, descripción y reconocimiento de las características de la alimentación de los estudiantes entre 6 y 12 años.Métodos: estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo. Se hizo uso del cuestionario sobre hábitos alimenticios, creado en Sevilla, España, aplicándolo con previa autorización y consentimiento informado. Se recolectaron 103 respuestas, en las que participaron estudiantes de los cursos primero a séptimo.Resultados: varios estudiantes afirmaron no desayunar; otros le dedican poco tiempo a esta actividad o la realizan solos. Estos estudiantes se encuentran en mayor proporción en los grados inferiores (primero, segundo y tercero). En todas las comidas diarias, gran parte de los estudiantes consumen productos como chucherías, grasas saturadas y bollerías. De lunes a viernes, se evidencia que el colegio es el lugar en el cual los estudiantes más acostumbran a comer. En cuanto a los fines de semana, el lugar donde realizan con más frecuencia esta actividad es en restaurantes. La comida y el lugar que eligen se convierten en un factor de riesgo para enfermedad crónica no transmisible. Además, se encontró que los estudiantes acostumbran a ver televisión en todas las comidas.
Optimization of pH, temperature and carbon source for bioleaching of heavy metals by Aspergillus flavus isolated from contaminated soil
Authors: Qayyum Sadia , Meng Ke , Pervez Sidra , Nawaz Faiza , Peng Changsheng
Published: November 2018

Soil contamination with heavy metal content is a growing concern throughout the world as a result of industrial, mining, agricultural and domestic activities. Fungi are the most common and efficient group of heavy metal resistant microbe family which have potential for metal bioleaching. The use of filamentous fungi in bioleaching of heavy metals from contaminated soil has been developed recently. The current study intends to isolate a strain with the ability to degrade the pH value of the liquid medium. Identification results based on morphological and molecular biological analysis gave a 98% match to Aspergillus flavus. Batch experiments were conducted to select the optimal conditions for bioleaching process which indicated that 130 mg/ L sucrose, neutral pH and temperature of 30°C were more suitable during 15-day bioleaching experiments using A. flavus. In one-step bioleaching, the bioleaching efficiencies were 18.16% for Pb, 39.77% for Cd and 58.22% for Zn+2, while two-step bioleaching showed efficiencies of 16.91% for Pb, 49.66% for Cd and 65.73% for Zn+2. Overall, this study indicates that bioleaching of heavy metals in contaminated soil using A. flavus has the potential for contaminated soil remediation.
The importance of not belonging: Paradigmaticity and loan nominalizations in Serbo-Croatian
Authors: Arsenijević Boban , Simonović Marko
Published: November 2018

In a number of Slavic and Germanic languages, various derivational affixes and morphological patterns of Latin origin are relatively common, and bear effects as abstract as deriving event nouns from verbs and property nouns from adjectives. This seems to contradict the general observation that abstract morphology typically is not subject to borrowing. We discuss the status of two Serbo-Croatian (S-C) nominalizing Latinate suffixes, -cija and -itet, complemented by one Germanic suffix, -er. On our analysis, these are not borrowed suffixes and derivational patterns, in the sense that they were present in another language and got copied into S-C, but rather suffixes and patterns which emerged within S-C, more specifically in the borrowed stratum of the S-C lexicon. Crucial factors in their emergence were the shared semantic properties of the nouns ending in the respective sequences (-cija, -itet and -er), and the quantitative properties of these sequences closely matching those of native derivational suffixes. Pragmatic, phonological and prosodic constraints apply to these derivations to the effect that the suffixes that have emerged in the borrowed domain of the lexicon never enter a competition with the native nominalization patterns.