bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EUnetHTA relative effectiveness assessments: efforts to increase usability, transparency and inclusiveness
Authors: Willemsen Anne , Ettinger Sabine , Helmink Catharina , Erdos Judit , Hviding Krystyna , Ormstad Sari Susanna
Published: May 2022

Objectives

The objective of the European Network for Health Technology Assessment (EUnetHTA) Joint Action 3 (JA3) was to develop a sustainable European model for future collaboration on HTA, by reducing duplication in HTA production and increasing patient access to health technologies. Compared to the previous JA2, several procedural changes were made aiming to increase usability, transparency, and inclusiveness of relative effectiveness assessments (REAs). This article presents and highlights these changes, explains their rationale as well as their influence on HTA production.

Methods

Feedback from REA teams and project managers was collected. At the end of JA3, all lessons learned were mapped, resulting in a set of recommendations for a future REA production process.

Results

In JA3, forty-three EUnetHTA REAs have been produced. Efforts to increase the usability of the REAs were made by focussing on the needs of REA producers and users (HTA agencies) and by increasing stakeholder involvement. Huge steps were taken with regard to transparency, which was achieved through publication of guidances, templates, and up-to-date information on the EUnetHTA website. In an attempt to improve inclusiveness, (stakeholder) interaction and involvement as well as feedback procedures were enhanced and streamlined. The fine-tuned project management brought all aspects together and facilitated a consistent and reliable workflow.

Conclusions

Despite that HTA agencies have different national requirements, the procedural changes made in JA3 proved to counteract some of these challenges. Nevertheless, it is of utmost importance that further perceived methodological differences are being resolved to ensure a strong base for future European collaboration on REA production.
Unraveling the Complexity of Nano-Dispersoids in the Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Alloy 617
Authors: Sinha Shyam Kanta , Dasgupta Arup , Sivakumar M , Ghosh Chanchal , Raju S
Published: May 2022

Nanocrystalline oxides are mainly responsible for Ni-base oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) superalloys excellent thermo-mechanical properties. To establish the microstructural correlations between the metallic matrix and various oxide dispersoids, we report here the atomic-scale structure and chemistry of the complex nano-oxide dispersoids. Ultrahigh-resolution Cs-aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) based techniques have been used to resolve nano-dispersoids in the Alloy 617 ODS. These nano-oxides, interestingly, possess a variety of high-angle annular dark-field (HAADF) contrasts, that is, bright, dark, and bi-phases. Both the light and heavy atoms have been found to be present in Y–Al–O complex-oxide nanostructures in varying quantities and forming a characteristic interface with the metallic matrix. In overcoming the limitation of conventional STEM-HAADF imaging, the integrated differential phase-contrast imaging technique was employed to investigate the oxygen atoms along with other elements in the dispersoids and its interface with the matrix. The most intriguing aspect of the study is the discovery of a few atoms thick Al2O3 interlayer (shell) around a monoclinic Y–Al–O core in the Ni-matrix. On the other hand, when the dispersoid is a hexagonal type Y–Al–O complex, the interface energy is already low, maintaining a semi-coherent interface and it was devoid of a shell.
HORN PROBLEM FOR QUASI-HERMITIAN LIE GROUPS
Authors: Paradan Paul-Emile
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we prove some convexity results associated to orbit projection of noncompact real reductive Lie groups.
Neutral Composition and Horizontal Variations of the Martian Upper Atmosphere From MAVEN NGIMS
Authors: Stone Shane W. , Yelle Roger V. , Benna Mehdi , Elrod Meredith K. , Mahaffy Paul R.
Published: May 2022

Using data from the NASA Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer (NGIMS), we investigate the horizontal variations in composition of the Martian upper atmosphere. We focus on ratios of Ar, N2, O, He, and H2 to CO2 and their variation with local time, latitude, season, and temperature. These are the first direct measurements of H2 in the upper atmosphere, a species important for the delivery of H to this region because H and H2 escape to space. The NGIMS data nominally cover an altitude range of ∼150–300 km, from near the mesopause to above the exobase. The ratios to CO2 of He and H2 are larger toward the poles and on the nightside of the planet, where the atmosphere is colder and downwelling leads to the enrichment of these lighter species. For example, the H2 to CO2 ratio, at a CO2 density of 1 × 108 cm−3, is observed to increase by a factor of 2.8 from 52.5°S to 72.5°S and by a factor of 5.5 from 3 p.m. to 3 a.m. around the equator. We observe seasonal variation of the Ar to CO2 ratio due to deposition and sublimation of CO2 at the polar ice caps. Finally, we find good agreement between the Ar and N2 to CO2 ratios obtained by the Viking Lander Upper Atmospheric Mass Spectrometers and those obtained by NGIMS, and significant disagreement between the N2 to CO2 ratios obtained by the Imaging Ultraviolet Spectrograph on MAVEN and those obtained by NGIMS.
A versatile acoustically active surface based on piezoelectric microstructures
Authors: Han Jinchi , Saravanapavanantham Mayuran , Chua Matthew R. , Lang Jeffrey H. , Bulović Vladimir
Published: May 2022

We demonstrate a versatile acoustically active surface consisting of an ensemble of piezoelectric microstructures that are capable of radiating and sensing acoustic waves. A freestanding microstructure array embossed in a single step on a flexible piezoelectric sheet of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) leads to high-quality acoustic performance, which can be tuned by the design of the embossed microstructures. The high sensitivity and large bandwidth for sound generation demonstrated by this acoustically active surface outperform previously reported thin-film loudspeakers using PVDF, PVDF copolymers, or voided charged polymers without microstructures. We further explore the directivity of this device and its use on a curved surface. In addition, high-fidelity sound perception is demonstrated by the surface, enabling its microphonic application for voice recording and speaker recognition. The versatility, high-quality acoustic performance, minimal form factor, and scalability of future production of this acoustically active surface can lead to broad industrial and commercial adoption for this technology.
Ionic liquid multistate resistive switching characteristics in two terminal soft and flexible discrete channels for neuromorphic computing
Authors: Khan Muhammad Umair , Kim Jungmin , Chougale Mahesh Y. , Furqan Chaudhry Muhammad , Saqib Qazi Muhammad , Shaukat Rayyan Ali , Kobayashi Nobuhiko P. , Mohammad Baker , Bae Jinho , Kwok Hoi-Sing
Published: May 2022

By exploiting ion transport phenomena in a soft and flexible discrete channel, liquid material conductance can be controlled by using an electrical input signal, which results in analog neuromorphic behavior. This paper proposes an ionic liquid (IL) multistate resistive switching device capable of mimicking synapse analog behavior by using IL BMIM FeCL4 and H2O into the two ends of a discrete polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) channel. The spike rate-dependent plasticity (SRDP) and spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) behavior are highly stable by modulating the input signal. Furthermore, the discrete channel device presents highly durable performance under mechanical bending and stretching. Using the obtained parameters from the proposed ionic liquid-based synaptic device, convolutional neural network simulation runs to an image recognition task, reaching an accuracy of 84%. The bending test of a device opens a new gateway for the future of soft and flexible brain-inspired neuromorphic computing systems for various shaped artificial intelligence applications.
Simultaneous targeting of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation as a therapeutic strategy to treat diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Noble Richard A. , Thomas Huw , Zhao Yan , Herendi Lili , Howarth Rachel , Dragoni Ilaria , Keun Hector C. , Vellano Christopher P. , Marszalek Joseph R. , Wedge Stephen R.
Published: May 2022

Background

We evaluated the therapeutic potential of combining the monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) inhibitor AZD3965 with the mitochondrial respiratory Complex I inhibitor IACS-010759, for the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), a potential clinically actionable strategy to target tumour metabolism.

Methods

AZD3965 and IACS-010759 sensitivity were determined in DLBCL cell lines and tumour xenograft models. Lactate concentrations, oxygen consumption rate and metabolomics were examined as mechanistic endpoints. In vivo plasma concentrations of IACS-010759 in mice were determined by LC-MS to select a dose that reflected clinically attainable concentrations.

Results

In vitro, the combination of AZD3965 and IACS-010759 is synergistic and induces DLBCL cell death, whereas monotherapy treatments induce a cytostatic response. Significant anti-tumour activity was evident in Toledo and Farage models when the two inhibitors were administered concurrently despite limited or no effect on the growth of DLBCL xenografts as monotherapies.

Conclusions

This is the first study to examine a combination of two distinct approaches to targeting tumour metabolism in DLBCL xenografts. Whilst nanomolar concentrations of either AZD3965 or IACS-010759 monotherapy demonstrate anti-proliferative activity against DLBCL cell lines in vitro, appreciable clinical activity in DLBCL patients may only be realised through their combined use.
Cross-neutralization of Omicron BA.1 against BA.2 and BA.3 SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Zou Jing , Kurhade Chaitanya , Xia Hongjie , Liu Mingru , Xie Xuping , Ren Ping , Shi Pei-Yong
Published: May 2022

The Omicron SARS-CoV-2 has several distinct sublineages, among which sublineage BA.1 is responsible for the initial Omicron surge and is now being replaced by BA.2 worldwide, whereas BA.3 is currently at a low frequency. The ongoing BA.1-to-BA.2 replacement underscores the importance to understand the cross-neutralization among the three Omicron sublineages. Here we test the neutralization of BA.1-infected human sera against BA.2, BA.3, and USA/WA1-2020 (a strain isolated in late January 2020). The BA.1-infected sera neutralize BA.1, BA.2, BA.3, and USA/WA1-2020 SARS-CoV-2s with geometric mean titers (GMTs) of 445, 107, 102, and 16, respectively. Thus, the neutralizing GMTs against heterologous BA.2, BA.3, and USA/WA1-2020 are 4.2-, 4.4-, and 28.4-fold lower than the GMT against homologous BA.1, respectively. These findings have implications in COVID-19 vaccine strategy.
RNase H2, mutated in Aicardi‐Goutières syndrome, resolves co-transcriptional R-loops to prevent DNA breaks and inflammation
Authors: Cristini Agnese , Tellier Michael , Constantinescu Flavia , Accalai Clelia , Albulescu Laura Oana , Heiringhoff Robin , Bery Nicolas , Sordet Olivier , Murphy Shona , Gromak Natalia
Published: May 2022

RNase H2 is a specialized enzyme that degrades RNA in RNA/DNA hybrids and deficiency of this enzyme causes a severe neuroinflammatory disease, Aicardi Goutières syndrome (AGS). However, the molecular mechanism underlying AGS is still unclear. Here, we show that RNase H2 is associated with a subset of genes, in a transcription-dependent manner where it interacts with RNA Polymerase II. RNase H2 depletion impairs transcription leading to accumulation of R-loops, structures that comprise RNA/DNA hybrids and a displaced DNA strand, mainly associated with short and intronless genes. Importantly, accumulated R-loops are processed by XPG and XPF endonucleases which leads to DNA damage and activation of the immune response, features associated with AGS. Consequently, we uncover a key role for RNase H2 in the transcription of human genes by maintaining R-loop homeostasis. Our results provide insight into the mechanistic contribution of R-loops to AGS pathogenesis.
Homophilic ATP1A1 binding induces activin A secretion to promote EMT of tumor cells and myofibroblast activation
Authors: Chen Yi-Ing , Chang Chin-Chun , Hsu Min-Fen , Jeng Yung-Ming , Tien Yu-Wen , Chang Ming-Chu , Chang Yu-Ting , Hu Chun-Mei , Lee Wen-Hwa
Published: May 2022

Tumor cells with diverse phenotypes and biological behaviors are influenced by stromal cells through secretory factors or direct cell-cell contact. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by extensive desmoplasia with fibroblasts as the major cell type. In the present study, we observe enrichment of myofibroblasts in a juxta-tumoral position with tumor cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that facilitates invasion and correlates with a worse clinical prognosis in PDAC patients. Direct cell-cell contacts forming heterocellular aggregates between fibroblasts and tumor cells are detected in primary pancreatic tumors and circulating tumor microemboli (CTM). Mechanistically, ATP1A1 overexpressed in tumor cells binds to and reorganizes ATP1A1 of fibroblasts that induces calcium oscillations, NF-κB activation, and activin A secretion. Silencing ATP1A1 expression or neutralizing activin A secretion suppress tumor invasion and colonization. Taken together, these results elucidate the direct interplay between tumor cells and bound fibroblasts in PDAC progression, thereby providing potential therapeutic opportunities for inhibiting metastasis by interfering with these cell-cell interactions.
Unraveling the structure and role of Mn and Ce for NOx reduction in application-relevant catalysts
Authors: Gevers Lieven E. , Enakonda Linga R. , Shahid Ameen , Ould-Chikh Samy , Silva Cristina I. Q. , Paalanen Pasi P. , Aguilar-Tapia Antonio , Hazemann Jean-Louis , Hedhili Mohamed Nejib , Wen Fei , Ruiz-Martínez Javier
Published: May 2022

Mn-based oxides are promising for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 at temperatures below 200 °C. There is a general agreement that combining Mn with another metal oxide, such as CeOx improves catalytic activity. However, to date, there is an unsettling debate on the effect of Ce. To solve this, here we have systematically investigated a large number of catalysts. Our results show that, at low-temperature, the intrinsic SCR activity of the Mn active sites is not positively affected by Ce species in intimate contact. To confirm our findings, activities reported in literature were surface-area normalized and the analysis do not support an increase in activity by Ce addition. Therefore, we can unequivocally conclude that the beneficial effect of Ce is textural. Besides, addition of Ce suppresses second-step oxidation reactions and thus N2O formation by structurally diluting MnOx. Therefore, Ce is still an interesting catalyst additive.
A trait database and updated checklist for European subterranean spiders
Authors: Mammola Stefano , Pavlek Martina , Huber Bernhard A. , Isaia Marco , Ballarin Francesco , Tolve Marco , Čupić Iva , Hesselberg Thomas , Lunghi Enrico , Mouron Samuel , Graco-Roza Caio , Cardoso Pedro
Published: May 2022

Species traits are an essential currency in ecology, evolution, biogeography, and conservation biology. However, trait databases are unavailable for most organisms, especially those living in difficult-to-access habitats such as caves and other subterranean ecosystems. We compiled an expert-curated trait database for subterranean spiders in Europe using both literature data (including grey literature published in many different languages) and direct morphological measurements whenever specimens were available to us. We started by updating the checklist of European subterranean spiders, now including 512 species across 20 families, of which at least 192 have been found uniquely in subterranean habitats. For each of these species, we compiled 64 traits. The trait database encompasses morphological measures, including several traits related to subterranean adaptation, and ecological traits referring to habitat preference, dispersal, and feeding strategies. By making these data freely available, we open up opportunities for exploring different research questions, from the quantification of functional dimensions of subterranean adaptation to the study of spatial patterns in functional diversity across European caves.
Molecular characteristics of novel immune subtypes of HCC based on lncRNAs related to immune disorders
Authors: Zhang Qiyao , Yu Xiao , Zhang Shuijun , Guo Wenzhi , He Yuting
Published: May 2022

As one of the most malignant cancers and despite various treatment breakthroughs, the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unsatisfactory. The immune status of the tumor microenvironment (TME) relates closely to HCC progression; however, the mechanism of immune cell infiltration in the TME remains unclear. In this study, we performed a new combination algorithm on lncRNA expression profile data from the TCGA-LIHC cohort to identify lncRNAs related to immune disorders. We identified 20 immune disorder-related lncRNAs and clustered HCC samples based on these lncRNAs. We identified four clusters with differences in immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint gene expression. We further analyzed differences between groups 1 and 3 and found that the poor prognosis of group 3 may be due to specific and non-specific immunosuppression of the TME, upregulation of immune checkpoint pathways, and activation of tumor proliferation and migration pathways in group 3. We also developed a prognostic model and verified that it has good stability, effectiveness, and prognostic power. This study provides a basis for further exploration of the immune cell infiltration mechanism in HCC, differential HCC prognosis, and improvement of the efficacy of ICIs for the treatment of HCC.
Towards robust diagnosis of COVID-19 using vision self-attention transformer
Authors: Mehboob Fozia , Rauf Abdul , Jiang Richard , Saudagar Abdul Khader Jilani , Malik Khalid Mahmood , Khan Muhammad Badruddin , Hasnat Mozaherul Hoque Abdul , AlTameem Abdullah , AlKhathami Mohammed
Published: May 2022

The outbreak of COVID-19, since its appearance, has affected about 200 countries and endangered millions of lives. COVID-19 is extremely contagious disease, and it can quickly incapacitate the healthcare systems if infected cases are not handled timely. Several Conventional Neural Networks (CNN) based techniques have been developed to diagnose the COVID-19. These techniques require a large, labelled dataset to train the algorithm fully, but there are not too many labelled datasets. To mitigate this problem and facilitate the diagnosis of COVID-19, we developed a self-attention transformer-based approach having self-attention mechanism using CT slices. The architecture of transformer can exploit the ample unlabelled datasets using pre-training. The paper aims to compare the performances of self-attention transformer-based approach with CNN and Ensemble classifiers for diagnosis of COVID-19 using binary Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and multi-class Hybrid-learning for UnbiaSed predicTion of COVID-19 (HUST-19) CT scan dataset. To perform this comparison, we have tested Deep learning-based classifiers and ensemble classifiers with proposed approach using CT scan images. Proposed approach is more effective in detection of COVID-19 with an accuracy of 99.7% on multi-class HUST-19, whereas 98% on binary class SARS-CoV-2 dataset. Cross corpus evaluation achieves accuracy of 93% by training the model with Hust19 dataset and testing using Brazilian COVID dataset.
Advancing battery design based on environmental impacts using an aqueous Al-ion cell as a case study
Authors: Melzack N.
Published: May 2022

The drive to decarbonise our economy needs to be built into our technology development, particularly in the energy storage industry. A method for creating performance targets for battery development based on environmental impact is presented and discussed. By taking the environmental impact assessments from existing lithium-ion battery technology—it is possible to derive energy density, cycle life and % active material targets required to achieve equal or better environmental impacts for emerging technologies to use. A parameter ‘goal space’ is presented using this technique for an aqueous aluminium-ion battery in its early development. This method is based on the main reason for battery technology advancement—the mitigation of climate change and the reduction of overall CO2 emissions in society. By starting out with targets based on emission data, sustainability will be at the centre of battery research, as it should be.
Development and verification of the nomogram for dilated cardiomyopathy gene diagnosis
Authors: Zhou Li-qiang , Liu Chuan , Zou Yeqing , Chen Zhi-qing
Published: May 2022

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a primary myocardial disease of unclear mechanism and poor prevention. The purpose of this study is to explore the potential molecular mechanisms and targets of DCM via bioinformatics methods and try to diagnose and prevent disease progression early. We screened 333 genes differentially expressed between DCM and normal heart samples from GSE141910, and further used Weighted correlation network analysis to identify 197 DCM-related genes. By identifying the key modules in the protein–protein interaction network and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression analysis, seven hub DCM genes (CX3CR1, AGTR2, ADORA3, CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL9, SAA1) were identified. Calculating the area under the receiver’s operating curve revealed that these 7 genes have an excellent ability to diagnose and predict DCM. Based on this, we built a logistic regression model and drew a nomogram. The calibration curve showed that the actual incidence is basically the same as the predicted incidence; while the C-index values of the nomogram and the four external validation data sets are 0.95, 0.90, 0.96, and 0.737, respectively, showing excellent diagnostic and predictive ability; while the decision curve indicated the wide applicability of the nomogram is helpful for clinicians to make accurate decisions.
Monolithic In2Se3–In2O3 heterojunction for multibit non-volatile memory and logic operations using optoelectronic inputs
Authors: Mukherjee Subhrajit , Dutta Debopriya , Uzhansky Michael , Koren Elad
Published: May 2022

Stable ferroelectricity at room-temperature down to the monolayer limit, harnessed with strong sensitivity towards visible-to-near-infrared illumination in α-In2Se3, facilitates its potential as versatile building block for developing ultrathin multifunctional photonic integrated networks. Herein, we demonstrated a planar ferroelectric-semiconductor heterojunction (FeS-HJ) field-effect transistor (FET) fabricated out of α-In2Se3 and In2O3, where the ferroelectric-polarization state in α-In2Se3 is utilized to control the device characteristics. The robust in-plane (IP) polarization flipping triggered by out-of-plane (OOP) electrostatic field along with clear anticlockwise hysteresis loop were readily revealed by scanning Kelvin-probe force microscopy (KPFM) and electrical probing. The orthogonally tangled ferroelectric switching was used to manipulate the HJ channel conductance and thereby to realize non-volatile memory (NVM) states. Moreover, gate-tuneable diode-like characteristics and superior photoresponse in HJ compared to its individual constitutes were observed. Utilizing the concurrent ferro-photonic coupling, high bandwidth optical inputs further tailored the outputs into four distinguished current states induced by different polarization directions. Our results pave the way for developing advanced (opto) electronic devices with diverse signal modulation capability to realize next generation low-power neurocomputing, brain-inspired visionary systems, and on-chip optical communications.
The Pel polysaccharide is predominantly composed of a dimeric repeat of α-1,4 linked galactosamine and N-acetylgalactosamine
Authors: Le Mauff François , Razvi Erum , Reichhardt Courtney , Sivarajah Piyanka , Parsek Matthew R. , Howell P. Lynne , Sheppard Donald C.
Published: May 2022

The genetic capacity to synthesize the biofilm matrix exopolysaccharide Pel is widespread among Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. However, its exact chemical structure has been challenging to determine. Using a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain engineered to overproduce Pel, improvements to the isolation procedure, and selective hydrolysis with the glycoside hydrolase PelAh, we demonstrate that Pel is a partially de-N-acetylated linear polymer of α-1,4-N-acetylgalactosamine comprised predominantly of dimeric repeats of galactosamine and N-acetylgalactosamine.
Machine learning-assisted design of flow fields for redox flow batteries
Authors: Wan Shuaibin , Jiang Haoran , Guo Zixiao , He Changxiang , Liang Xiongwei , Djilali Ned , Zhao Tianshou
Published: May 2022

An end-to-end approach is developed to design flow fields for redox flow batteries, and the quantitative design rules of flow fields are revealed for the first time.
The occurrence and diversity of antibiotic resistance and virulence factor genes in wastewater from four North American treatment plants
Authors: Le Loan T. , Huang Zhuojin , Whiteson Katrine , Jiang Sunny
Published: May 2022

The total ARGs and VFGs declined after treatments. Antibiotic biosynthesis genes were amplified during activated sludge processes. Multidrug ARGs dominate in wastewater.
Dual-axis control of magnetic anisotropy in a single crystal Co2MnSi thin film through piezo-voltage-induced strain
Authors: Zhang Bao , Mao Siwei , Li Chunlong , Hong Peizhen , Hou Jingwen , Zhao Jianhua , Huo Zongliang
Published: May 2022

Dual-axis controlled magnetic anisotropy and magnetization 90° rotation are demonstrated in Co2MnSi/GaAs/PZT heterostructures under piezostrain. The periodic response of magnetization is achieved under the pulsed piezo-voltages of ±40 V.
Minimising sample volume and run times for circular dichroism spectroscopy
Authors: Rodger Alison , Chin Timothy
Published: May 2022

Low volume circular dichroism spectroscopy with DMV Bio-cells and Jasco MSD-462 microsampling disk.
Mechanistic insights of molecular metal polyselenides for catalytic hydrogen generation
Authors: Elliott Alexander , McAllister James , Masaityte Liudvika , Segado-Centellas Mireia , Long De-Liang , Ganin Alexey Y. , Song Yu-Fei , Bo Carles , Miras Haralampos N.
Published: May 2022

Exploration of efficient molecular metal–selenide HER catalysts and identification of the mechanistic implications induced by the type of incorporated chalcogen.
False luminescence of molybdenum disulfide quantum dots from carbon dots
Authors: Fu Xiaolong , Huang Ju , Zhu Xiajun , Rong Jiefeng , Lin Zhenyu , Dong Yongqiang , Fu Fengfu
Published: May 2022

A systematical investigation has been carried out for the first time to prove that there are no luminescent molybdenum disulfide quantum dots.
Morphological reduction of Fe3O4 by a single-step hydrothermal synthesis using 1D MnO2 as a template and its supercapacitive behaviour
Authors: Kumar Niraj , Thakur Vikas N. , Karthikeyan Muthukkumaran , Gajraj V. , Sen Arijit , Joshi Naveen Chandra , Priyadarshi Neeraj
Published: May 2022

Schematic showing the morphological reduction of Fe3O4 using 1D MnO2.
Quantum simulations of neutral water clusters and singly-charged water cluster anions
Authors: Gijón A. , Hernández E. R.
Published: May 2022

We report a computational study of the structural and energetic properties of neutral and negatively-charged water cluster containing from 20 to 573 water molecules, using both a classical and a quantum description of the molecular degrees of freedom.
Aggregation of gold(i) complexes: phosphorescence vs. singlet oxygen production
Authors: Pinto Andrea , Ward Jas S. , Rissanen Kari , Smith Martin , Rodríguez Laura
Published: May 2022

Herein we report on the synthesis of six new gold(i) complexes, with a tris-naphthalene substituted tertiary phosphane bearing a secondary amine as a linker and containing different halogen groups (Cl and Br) in the naphthyl group.
Donor–acceptor interactions of gold(iii) porphyrins with cobalt(ii) phthalocyanine: chemical structure of products, their spectral characterization and DFT study
Authors: Bichan Nataliya , Tsaturyan Arshak , Ovchenkova Ekaterina , Kudryakova Nadezhda , Gostev Fedor , Shelaev Ivan , Aybush Arseny , Nadtochenko Victor , Lomova Tatyana
Published: May 2022

The axial bonding of cobalt(ii) phthalocyanine with gold(iii) porphyrins, the structure, the spectral/electrochemical properties of the resulting donor–acceptor complexes and photoinduced electron transfer in them are studied.
Ozonation greatly improves ceramic membrane microfiltration efficiency during wastewater reuse: mechanisms and performance
Authors: Liu Bryan , Pimentel Anthony L. , Watts Michael J. , Murphy Joanna R. , Linden Karl G.
Published: May 2022

Pre-ozonation of wastewater extended the number of ceramic membrane microfiltration cycles but low dose in situ ozonation dramatically improved the wastewater filtration runtime.
Comparing energy demands and longevities of membrane-based capacitive deionization architectures
Authors: Pothanamkandathil Vineeth , Gorski Christopher A.
Published: May 2022

This work compares different membrane-based CDI architectures to emulate how controlling the environment around the electrode affects the desalination performance of the system with respect to energy demand and stability.
High content of hydrogenated pyridinic-N in a SnO2/NGO heterogeneous material as an ultra-high sensitivity formaldehyde sensor
Authors: Lu Jing , Wang Yajun , Xu Can , Zhang Ying , Fu Zijin
Published: May 2022

The high content of hydrogenated pyridinic-N in SnO2/NGO activates the selective adsorption and catalyzes the gas sensing reaction, making the material exhibit ultra-high sensitivity to formaldehyde.
Photovoltaic properties of hybrid c-Si/ZnO nanorod solar cells
Authors: Mohammadnezhad M. , Aïssa B. , Harnagea C. , Bentouaf A. , Haddad E. , Rosei F.
Published: May 2022

A direct impact of the growth temperature, the nucleation and growth rates on the morphology, crystallinity, orientation and optical properties of the ZnO NRs arrays. A simulated optimum photo-conversion efficiency of 15.48% is achieved in ZnO NRs of 1.1 μm in length.
Synergetic effects of photocatalysis and peroxymonosulfate activated by FeWO4 for enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation
Authors: Li Di , Long Mingyang , Li Hongmiao , Zhao Qianqian , Wen Qi , Song Fang
Published: May 2022

The combined activation effects of photo-generated e−/h+ and Fe(ii) on PMS to produce SO4˙− radicals could enhance the degradation efficiency obviously.
Design and synthesis of 1,3-diphenylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione derivatives as antitumor agents via elevating ROS production to induce apoptosis
Authors: Xie Qian , Shen Yanni , Liang Jianhui , Zhang Chao , Ling Xianwu , Gu Liangxiao , Wang Yiling , Wang Yan , Liu Xiaoping , Hu Chun
Published: May 2022

The target compound XS23 have exhibited excellent antitumor cell proliferative activity against multiple tumor cell lines and can induce cancer cell apoptosis by elevating ROS production.
De novo designed peptides form a highly catalytic ordered nanoarchitecture on a graphite surface
Authors: Luo Wei , Noguchi Hironaga , Chen Chen , Nakamura Yoshiki , Homma Chishu , Zozulia Oleksii , Korendovych Ivan V. , Hayamizu Yuhei
Published: May 2022

De novo designed peptides self-assembled on a graphite surface to produce highly robust and active electrocatalysts and promote peroxidation reactions with activities that rival those of natural enzymes in both single and multi-substrate reactions.
Micelle-guided Morita–Baylis–Hillman reaction of ketones in water
Authors: Wani Mohmad Muzafar , Dar Aijaz Ahmad , Bhat Bilal A.
Published: May 2022

The Morita–Baylis–Hillman reaction of ketones with electron-deficient alkenes is reported in a micellar medium through co-operative catalysis.
Theoretical mechanistic insights into the polar hydrohalogenation of olefins
Authors: Sheng Dongning , Xu Jiaxi
Published: May 2022

Mechanistic and stereoselective insights into the hydrohalogenations of nine representative olefins were obtained and rationalized by DFT calculations and dynamics treatment according to transition state theory.
Solvent free, catalytic and diastereoselective preparation of aryl and alkyl thioglycosides as key components for oligosaccharide synthesis
Authors: Jensen Daniel L. , Trinderup Helle H. , Skovbo Frederik , Jensen Henrik H.
Published: May 2022

A new and environmentally friendly protocol for the conversion of sugar per-acetates into thioglycosides under solvent free and catalytic conditions is presented.
Organocatalytic selective coupling of episulfides with carbon disulfide for the synthesis of poly(trithiocarbonate)s and cyclic trithiocarbonates
Authors: Chen Chao , Gnanou Yves , Feng Xiaoshuang
Published: May 2022

Selective coupling of CS2with episulfides affords perfectly alternating poly(trithiocarbonate)s or cyclic trithiocarbonates upon the onium salts used.
Recent advances in the transition metal-free synthesis of heterocycles from α,β-unsaturated ketones
Authors: Ashitha Kizhakkan Thiruthi , Krishna M. S. Ajay , D. Basavaraja , B. Somappa Sasidhar
Published: May 2022

The review highlights the transition metal-free methodologies developed for synthesising various heterocyclic compounds by utilising α,β-unsaturated ketones as valuable synthons during the period of 2009 to 2020.
Photomodulation of ultrastable host–guest complexes in water and their application in light-controlled steroid release
Authors: Máximo Patrícia , Colaço Miriam , Pauleta Sofia R. , Costa Paulo J. , Pischel Uwe , Parola A. Jorge , Basílio Nuno
Published: May 2022

Host–guest complexation of dithienylethene photoswitches with cucurbit[8]uril leads to photoresponsive binding pairs with picomolar affinity in water.
General and practical synthesis of naphtho[2,1-d]oxazoles from naphthols and amines
Authors: Wu Shaofeng , Geng Furong , Dong Jianyu , Liu Long , Su Lebin , Zhou Yongbo
Published: May 2022

A general synthesis of naphtho[2,1-d]oxazoles from readily available naphthols and amines is developed with outstanding functional group tolerance, which allows for the construction of the naphthoxazole-related bioactive molecule and materials.
Applicability research of thermodynamic models of gas hydrate phase equilibrium based on different equations of state
Authors: Zhang Geng , Li Jun , Liu Gonghui , Yang Hongwei , Huang Honglin
Published: May 2022

Based on the 150 collected experimental data points, the accuracy of the four thermodynamic models in predicting the phase equilibrium of the gas hydrate was compared.
SERS based Y-shaped aptasensor for early diagnosis of acute kidney injury
Authors: Li Dan , Zhao Linlu , Qian Jin , Liu Heng , You Jinmao , Cheng Ziyi , Yu Fabiao
Published: May 2022

We develop a promising SERS-based aptasensor for duplex detection of protein biomarkers in AKI. The development of biomarker specific sensors is of great significance to achieving accurate diagnosis and monitoring the occurrence and progress of AKI.
Controlled assembly of a bicyclic porphyrinoid and its 3-dimensional boron difluoride arrays
Authors: Zhou Weinan , Sarma Tridib , Yang Liu , Lei Chuanhu , Sessler Jonathan L.
Published: May 2022

A cryptand-like bicyclic porphyrinoid was obtained in preference over the monocyclic porphyrinoid by controlling the reaction stoichiometry and condensation conditions. The cryptand-like species supports formation of multiple 3D BODIPY-like arrays.
No longer married to inflammasome signaling: the diverse interacting pathways leading to pyroptotic cell death
Authors: Weir Ashley , Vince James E.
Published: May 2022

For over 15 years the lytic cell death termed pyroptosis was defined by its dependency on the inflammatory caspase, caspase-1, which, upon pathogen sensing, is activated by innate immune cytoplasmic protein complexes known as inflammasomes. However, this definition of pyroptosis changed when the pore-forming protein gasdermin D (GSDMD) was identified as the caspase-1 (and caspase-11) substrate required to mediate pyroptotic cell death. Consequently, pyroptosis has been redefined as a gasdermin-dependent cell death. Studies now show that, upon liberation of the N-terminal domain, five gasdermin family members, GSDMA, GSDMB, GSDMC, GSDMD and GSDME can all form plasma membrane pores to induce pyroptosis. Here, we review recent research into the diverse stimuli and cell death signaling pathways involved in the activation of gasdermins; death and toll-like receptor triggered caspase-8 activation of GSDMD or GSMDC, apoptotic caspase-3 activation of GSDME, perforin-granzyme A activation of GSDMB, and bacterial protease activation of GSDMA. We highlight findings that have begun to unravel the physiological situations and disease states that result from gasdermin signaling downstream of inflammasome activation, death receptor and mitochondrial apoptosis, and necroptosis. This new era in cell death research therefore holds significant promise in identifying how distinct, yet often networked, pyroptotic cell death pathways might be manipulated for therapeutic benefit to treat a range of malignant conditions associated with inflammation, infection and cancer.
Two‐layer model of siting and sizing for active power filters and static var generators considering reactive power capability and active power curtailment of DGs
Authors: Tian Shuya , Jia Qingquan , Xue Shiwei , Shi Liang , Lv Changhao , Bu Lingyan , Zhou Wen
Published: May 2022

To solve the voltage harmonics and voltage deviation caused by highly penetrated distributed generations (DGs) and power electronic equipment in distribution networks, a two‐layer model of the allocation for the voltage detection active power filters (VDAPFs) and static var generators (SVGs) considering reactive power capability and active power curtailment of DG based on the distribution network partition is proposed in this study. First, the network partition based on the defined integrated voltage sensitivity is presented. Dominant nodes that are candidates of VDAPFs and SVGs are obtained based on the single and integrated sensitivity in all regions. Second, the voltage deviation mitigation regions of the DG grid‐connected inverters (GCINs) are determined considering the coupling between different GCINs. A curtailment method for DGs active power in and inter regions is proposed. On this basis, a two‐layer allocation model is designed. The siting and sizing of VDAPF and SVG are obtained in the upper layer by minimizing the total annual cost. In the lower layer, the power quality level is optimized in each operation scenario by the allocations provided in the upper layer. Finally, case studies on the IEEE 33‐bus and PG&E 69‐bus systems demonstrate that the proposed strategy is feasible and effective.
Accurate Einstein coefficients for electric dipole transitions in the first negative band of N2+
Authors: Ferchichi Olfa , Derbel Najoua , Alijah Alexander , Rousselot Philippe
Published: May 2022

Context. The N2+ fluorescence spectrum of comet C/2016 R2 is modelled in a companion paper. That work relies on accurate Einstein coefficients for electric dipole transitions between the B2∑u+ and X2∑g+ electronic states of N2+.

Aims. These coefficients are provided in the present paper.

Methods. The potential energy curves and transition dipole moments were computed at a high level of ab initio theory and include relativistic corrections. Rovibrational wavefunctions were then obtained without assuming separability of vibrational and rotational motions.

Results. Vibrationally and rotationally resolved Einstein coefficients are presented in a convenient three-parameter functional form for three isotopologues. A possible explanation is given for the large variation in the experimental radiative lifetimes.
The detection of transiting exoplanets by Gaia
Authors: Panahi Aviad , Zucker Shay , Clementini Gisella , Audard Marc , Binnenfeld Avraham , Cusano Felice , Evans Dafydd Wyn , Gomel Roy , Holl Berry , Ilyin Ilya , de Fombelle Grégory Jevardat , Mazeh Tsevi , Mowlavi Nami , Nienartowicz Krzysztof , Rimoldini Lorenzo , Shahaf Sahar , Eyer Laurent
Published: May 2022

Context. The space telescope Gaia is mainly dedicated to performing high-precision astrometry but is also used to perform spectroscopy and epoch photometry, which can be used to study various types of photometric variability. One such variability type is exoplanetary transits. The photometric data accumulated so far have finally matured enough to allow the detection of some exoplanets.

Aims. In order to fully exploit the scientific potential of Gaia, we search its photometric data for the signatures of exoplanetary transits.

Methods. The search relies on a version of the box-fitting least-squares method, applied to a set of stars prioritized by machine-learning classification methods. An independent photometric validation was obtained using the public full-frame images of TESS. In order to validate the first two candidates, radial-velocity follow-up observations were performed using the spectrograph PEPSI of the Large Binocular Telescope.

Results. The radial-velocity measurements confirm that two of the candidates are indeed hot Jupiters. Thus, they are the first exoplanets detected by Gaia: Gaia-1b and Gaia-2b.

Conclusions. Gaia-1b and Gaia-2b demonstrate that the approach presented in this paper is indeed effective. This approach will be used to assemble a set of additional exoplanet candidates, to be released in the third Gaia data release, ensuring better fulfillment of the exoplanet detection potential of Gaia.
Using a blind EC mechanism for modelling the interaction between binaural and temporal speech processing
Authors: Rӧttges Saskia , Hauth Christopher F. , Rennies Jan , Brand Thomas
Published: May 2022

We reanalyzed a study that investigated binaural and temporal integration of speech reflections with different amplitudes, delays, and interaural phase differences. We used a blind binaural speech intelligibility model (bBSIM), applying an equalization-cancellation process for modeling binaural release from masking. bBSIM is blind, as it requires only the mixed binaural speech and noise signals and no auxiliary information about the listening conditions. bBSIM was combined with two non-blind back-ends: The speech intelligibility index (SII) and the speech transmission index (STI) resulting in hybrid-models. Furthermore, bBSIM was combined with the non-intrusive short-time objective intelligibility (NI-STOI) resulting in a fully blind model. The fully non-blind reference model used in the previous study achieved the best prediction accuracy (R2 = 0.91 and RMSE = 1 dB). The fully blind model yielded a coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.87) similar to that of the reference model but also the highest root mean square error of the models tested in this study (RMSE = 4.4 dB). By adjusting the binaural processing errors of bBSIM as done in the reference model, the RMSE could be decreased to 1.9 dB. Furthermore, in this study, the dynamic range of the SII had to be adjusted to predict the low SRTs of the speech material used.
Development and testing of light-weight PV modules based on glass-fibre reinforcement
Authors: Govaerts Jonathan , Luo Bin , Borgers Tom , Van Dyck Rik , van der Heide Arvid , Tous Loic , Morlier Arnaud , Lisco Fabiana , Cerasti Lorenzo , Galiazzo Marco , Poortmans Jef
Published: May 2022

In this paper we report on our approach on integrating c-Si PV into lightweight structures, in particular towards vehicle integration. To this end we want to get rid of the (bulk weight of the) glass but seek a suitable replacement in terms of mechanical stability. First we elaborate on the most basic standards and norms that VIPV products should relate to in terms of (thermo-)mechanical testing. Then, for the experimental part, 2 concepts are investigated. In a first approach, we reinforced the encapsulant with glass fibre material, while in a second one we applied a dedicated glass-fibre-reinforced sheet as a replacement of the backsheet. In both cases we stay as close as possible to using commercially available material. For each approach we elaborate the testing that has been carried out: thermal cycling, vibrations, mechanical shock and hail impact. On a final note, we point out some initial damp heat testing results, that are a particular challenge for light-weight modules without glass.
Staged revision still works for chronic and deep infection of total elbow arthroplasty?
Authors: Kwak Jae-Man , So Sang-Pil , Jeon In-Ho
Published: May 2022

Purpose: Infected total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) is challenging. We evaluate the clinical and radiologic outcomes for chronic and deep infection of TEA with two-stage revision surgery. Methods: A total of 10 elbows were included in the study. The mean age was 69.1 ± 15 years (range, 34–83 years). The mean follow-up was 62 (range, 24–108) months. The clinical outcomes were assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS), range of motion (ROM) arc, and Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS). Moreover, radiographic outcomes, time to revision, pathogenic bacteria, preoperative complications, and disease period were evaluated. Results: Mean preoperative VAS score of 6.1 had improved to 3.3. Mean preoperative ROM was 68° (flexion-extension), which improved to 86.7°. Mean preoperative MEPS was 46 (range, 0–70), which improved to 75.5 (range, 35–85). The mean disease duration was 8.4 months (range, 5–20 months). The most common causative organism was methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The second revision rate was 80% at the final follow-up. Radiographic outcome at final follow-up showed that 3 (30%) of 10 patients exhibited radiolucency evidence around the components. Three patients showed nonprogressive radiolucency around the implant interfaces without other indications of infection at the most recent follow-up. Conclusion: In patients with chronic and deep infection of TEA, two-stage revision can be an affordable option for eradication of the infection, relieving pain, and restoring joint function. However, the high second revision rate owing to bone and soft-tissue deficits remains a critical issue.

Level of evidence: Level IV, Case series, Treatment study
La technologisation des arbitres de l’élite dans le football français : entre arbitrage humain et rationalité numérique (1980–2021)
Authors: Joly Alexandre , Desfontaine Pierrick
Published: May 2022

Cette recherche socio-historique vise à étudier l’introduction des techniques numériques dans l’arbitrage au football de 1980 à nos jours. Ce travail s’appuie sur une littérature en développement croissant sur le sujet, ainsi que sur des sources composées d’archives institutionnelles, d’entretiens et de la presse écrite (L’Équipe, France Football, Les Cahiers du Football). Cette étude, à la croisée d’une histoire du temps présent et d’une sociologie de l’innovation, a pour objectif de comprendre l’implémentation d’outils numériques dans le football, en recherche permanente de rationalité et d’innovations. Plus encore, c’est la remise en cause de la dimension essentiellement « humaine » de l’arbitrage qui est ici analysée en lien avec cette rationalisation. Les deux premières séquences de cette recherche retracent chronologiquement les étapes de l’implémentation de technologies dans l’élite du football français. L’arrivée progressive des outils vidéo dans la formation des arbitres à partir des années 1980, puis de systèmes de communication entre l’arbitre central et ses assistants à partir du milieu des années 1990, sont les précurseurs des importantes innovations introduites par la suite. Dans un troisième temps, les arrivées des techniques numériques telles que la Goal Line Technology (GLT) et la Video Assistant Referee (VAR) bouleversent l’activité du corps arbitral.