bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
m-Polar cubic p(q and a)-ideals of BCI-algebras
Authors: Mahboob Ahsan , Muhiuddin G.
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we apply the [Formula: see text]-polar cubic structures on BCI-algebras. We first present the ideas of [Formula: see text]-polar cubic [Formula: see text]-ideals, [Formula: see text]-polar cubic [Formula: see text]-ideals and [Formula: see text]-polar cubic [Formula: see text]-ideals in BCI-algebras. Then we prove that [Formula: see text]-polar cubic [Formula: see text]([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text])-ideals are [Formula: see text]-polar cubic ideals, but the converse assertion is not true, and an example is provided in this support. We define the conditions under which [Formula: see text]-polar cubic ideals coincide with [Formula: see text]-polar cubic [Formula: see text]([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text])-ideals. The associated properties of [Formula: see text]-polar cubic [Formula: see text]-ideals, [Formula: see text]-polar cubic [Formula: see text]-ideals, and [Formula: see text]-polar cubic [Formula: see text]-ideals are also examined. Furthermore, we consider [Formula: see text]-polar cubic [Formula: see text]([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text])-ideals in terms of [Formula: see text]([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text])-ideals of BCI-algebras.
Domain wall state diagram for SrTiO3/BaTiO3 superlattice structures
Authors: You Yimei , Yang Fengjuan , Wu Pingping
Published: February 2023

The domain wall structure of ferroelectric/ paraelectric superlattices can be much more complex due to the influence of the superlattice stacking structure, the in-plane strain induced by the substrate and environmental temperature. In this study, we employed a phase field model to investigate the domain wall state of the SrTi[Formula: see text]/BaTi[Formula: see text] superlattice structure. The domain wall thickness for the SrTi[Formula: see text]/BaTi[Formula: see text] layer was measured using a hyperbolic function. Based on the simulation results, here, we show a domain wall state diagram to distinguish the hard and soft domain states. The polarization profiles across hard/ soft domain walls were illustrated and analyzed. Our simulation results offer a useful concept for the control of the domain wall state in the ferroelectric superlattice.
High quality crystal growth and characterization of ferroelectric Ba0.77Ca0.23TiO3 single crystal
Authors: Liu Lei , Yin Fangyi , Zhao Guiyuan , Zheng Limei , Fu Xiuwei , Jia Zhitai , Tao Xutang
Published: February 2023

[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]TiO3 (BCT) single crystal has been widely studied as a promising lead-free ferroelectric material. In this work, high-quality BCT crystal was successfully grown by the Czochralski (CZ) method. The as-grown crystal is crack-free and shows black coloration. It possesses a high dielectric stability over a wide temperature range, while the dielectric loss is rather small below 90[Formula: see text]C. Furthermore, it possesses excellent ferroelectric properties with residual polarization strength ([Formula: see text]) and coercive field ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]) of 17.93 [Formula: see text]C/cm2 and 8.47 kV/cm, respectively. Besides, BCT crystal shows large electromechanical coupling factors, with [Formula: see text][Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] of 0.535, 0.254, 0.714 and 0.721, respectively. The piezoelectric coefficients [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are measured to be − 36.5, 130 and 246 pC/N, respectively.
An Analysis of Adversary-Centric Security Testing within Information and Operational Technology Environments
Authors: Staves Alexander , Gouglidis Antonios , Hutchison David
Published: February 2023

Assurance techniques such as adversary-centric security testing are an essential part of the risk assessment process for improving risk mitigation and response capabilities against cyber attacks. While the use of these techniques, including vulnerability assessments, penetration tests, and red team engagements, is well established within Information Technology (IT) environments, there are challenges to conducting these within Operational Technology (OT) environments, often due to the critical nature of the OT system. In this article, we provide an analysis of the technical differences between IT and OT from an asset management perspective. This analysis provides a base for identifying how these differences affect the phases of adversary-centric security tests within industrial environments. We then evaluate these findings by using adversary-centric security testing techniques on an industrial control system testbed. Results from this work demonstrate that while legacy OT is highly susceptible to disruption during adversary-centric security testing, modern OT that uses better hardware and more optimised software is significantly more resilient to tools and techniques used for security testing. Clear requirements can, therefore, be identified for ensuring appropriate adversary-centric security testing within OT environments by quantifying the risks that the tools and techniques used during such engagements present to the operational process.
Three-part Harmony for Program Managers Who Just Don't Get It, Yet
Authors: Aldrich Guenever , Tsang Danny , McKenney Jason
Published: February 2023

This article examines three tools in the system acquisitions toolbox that can work to expedite development and procurement while mitigating programmatic risk: OSS, open standards, and the Agile/Scrum software development processes are all powerful additions to the DoD acquisition program management toolbox.
A Systematic Review of Cost, Effort, and Load Research in Information Search and Retrieval, 1972–2020
Authors: McGregor Molly , Azzopardi Leif , Halvey Martin
Published: February 2023

During the information search and retrieval (ISR) process, user-system interactions such as submitting queries, examining results, and engaging with information impose some degree of demand on the user’s resources. Within ISR, these demands are well recognised, and numerous studies have demonstrated that the cost, effort, and load (CEL) experienced during the search process are affected by a variety of factors. Despite this recognition, there is no universally accepted definition of the constructs of CEL within the field of ISR. Ultimately, this has led to problems with how these constructs have been interpreted and subsequently measured. This systematic review contributes a synthesis of literature, summarising key findings relating to how researchers have been defining and measuring CEL within ISR over the past 50 years. After manually screening 1,109 articles, we detailed and analysed 91 articles which examine CEL within ISR. The discussion focuses on comparing the similarities and differences between CEL definitions and measures before identifying the limitations of the current state of the nomenclature. Opportunities for future research are also identified. Going forward, we propose a CEL taxonomy that integrates the relationships between CEL and their related constructs, which will help focus and disambiguate future research in this important area.
Jamming of LoRa PHY and Countermeasure
Authors: Hou Ningning , Xia Xianjin , Zheng Yuanqing
Published: February 2023

LoRaWAN forms a one-hop star topology where LoRa nodes send data via one-hop uplink transmission to a LoRa gateway. If the LoRa gateway can be jammed by attackers, it may not be able to receive any data from any nodes in the network. Our empirical study shows that although the LoRa physical layer (PHY) is robust and resilient by design, it is still vulnerable to synchronized jamming chirps. Potential protection solutions (e.g., collision recovery, parallel decoding) may fail to extract LoRa packets if an attacker transmits synchronized jamming chirps at higher power. To protect the LoRa PHY from such attacks, we propose a new protection method that can separate LoRa chirps from jamming chirps by leveraging their difference in power domain. We note that the new protection solution is orthogonal to existing solutions that leverage the chirp misalignment in the time domain or the frequency disparity in the frequency domain. We conduct experiments with COTS LoRa nodes and software-defined radios with varied experiment settings such as different spreading factors, bandwidths, and code rates. Results show that synchronized jamming chirps at high power can jam all previous solutions, whereas our protection solution can effectively protect LoRa gateways from the jamming attacks.
A Comprehensive Empirical Study of Bias Mitigation Methods for Machine Learning Classifiers
Authors: Chen Zhenpeng , Zhang Jie M. , Sarro Federica , Harman Mark
Published: February 2023

Software bias is an increasingly important operational concern for software engineers. We present a large-scale, comprehensive empirical study of 17 representative bias mitigation methods for Machine Learning (ML) classifiers, evaluated with 11 ML performance metrics (e.g., accuracy), 4 fairness metrics, and 20 types of fairness-performance tradeoff assessment, applied to 8 widely-adopted software decision tasks. The empirical coverage is much more comprehensive, covering the largest numbers of bias mitigation methods, evaluation metrics, and fairness-performance tradeoff measures compared to previous work on this important software property. We find that (1) the bias mitigation methods significantly decrease ML performance in 53% of the studied scenarios (ranging between 42%∼66% according to different ML performance metrics); (2) the bias mitigation methods significantly improve fairness measured by the 4 used metrics in 46% of all the scenarios (ranging between 24%∼59% according to different fairness metrics); (3) the bias mitigation methods even lead to decrease in both fairness and ML performance in 25% of the scenarios; (4) the effectiveness of the bias mitigation methods depends on tasks, models, the choice of protected attributes, and the set of metrics used to assess fairness and ML performance; (5) there is no bias mitigation method that can achieve the best tradeoff in all the scenarios. The best method that we find outperforms other methods in 30% of the scenarios. Researchers and practitioners need to choose the bias mitigation method best suited to their intended application scenario(s).
Study of the Silicon Electrochemical Nucleation in LiCl-KCl-CsCl-K2SiF6 Melt
Authors: Parasotchenko Yu. , Suzdaltsev A. , Pavlenko O. , Zaykov Yu.
Published: February 2023

In this work, we studied the kinetics of the cathodic process and the regularities of the initial stages of silicon electrodeposition with methods of cyclic voltammetry, square-wave voltammetry, and chronoamperometry on a glassy carbon substrate from a LiCl-KCl-CsCl melt with K2SiF6 at a temperature of 545 ± 5°C. It is shown that the cathodic process of silicon reduction proceeds in one stage, and it is not electrochemically reversible. The diffusion coefficient of silicon ions found by CV and chronoamperometry was 8.44·10−11 and 1.00·10−10 m2 s−1, respectively. It was also found that the nucleation of silicon on glassy carbon is progressive; the formation of new nuclei proceeds continuously against the background of the growth of existing ones. Based on electrochemical measurements, various modes of silicon electrodeposition in the form of thin films were chosen: potentiostatic, pulse, reverse and galvanostatic with preliminary anodizing. As a result of electrolysis, silicon films were obtained, which were analyzed by SEM and XRD methods. The thickness of such deposits during electrolysis reaches several microns, and it consists of many spherical nuclei up to 0.7 microns in diameter. The content of impurities in deposits is extremely low, and the main contaminant is oxygen (0.4–1.2 wt%).
Improvement CO2 Electrocatalytic Activity of LCTN Fuel Electrode for Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells via an Electro-Reduction Activation Strategy
Authors: Yin Ming , Wang Ziling , Yang Caichen , Pu Jian , Chi Bo
Published: February 2023

Perovskite oxides are widely used as electrodes in solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) due to their good performance and structural stability. In the meantime, surface modification can promote adsorption and activation, which will significantly improve the catalytic activity of perovskite. Herein, an electro-reduction activation strategy is attempted to activate the electrochemical activity of A-site deficiency La0.43Ca0.37Ti0.9Ni0.1O3-γ
(LCTN) perovskite as fuel electrode of SOEC for CO2 electrolysis. The results confirm that more adsorption and activation sites can be produced on the surface of LCTN after electro-reduction treatment. Under an electro-reduction voltage of 2.8 V in N2, the polarization impedance of LCTN can be reduced from 0.859 to 0.208 Ω·cm2 at 1.3 V and 800 °C for CO2 electrolysis. And the cell with LCTN fuel electrode shows stable long-term performance for CO2 electrolysis with a current density of 450 mA cm−2 in nearly 100 h at 1.4 V and 800 °C. This work provides a possibility for facile and fast electrode optimization strategy for SOEC.
Dynamic Behaviour of the Carillon Tower in Castel San Pietro Terme, Italy
Authors: Azzara Riccardo Mario , Girardi Maria , Padovani Cristina , Pellegrini Daniele
Published: February 2023

This paper presents the experimental investigations conducted on the carillon tower of the Santissimo Crocifisso Sanctuary in Castel San Pietro (Bologna, Italy) and the analysis of data collected by using velocimeters and accelerometers installed on the structure. The main goal is to assess the effects of the swinging bells on the dynamic behaviour of the tower. The paper’s novelty relies on the kind of structure monitored and the originality of the experiments. The structure is a rare example of a carillon tower, with fifty-five bells of different sizes, subjected to a careful measurement campaign never carried out before. Six experiments were conducted selectively by activating the bells to measure the tower’s response induced by different vibration sources and determine the peak velocities recorded by using instruments at different heights. Two ambient vibration tests complemented the six experiments. The carillon’s action induces low velocities on the tower, while experiments involving the bells swinging in the upper chamber produce the highest velocity values in the swinging direction; these values are more significant than those induced by the carillon alone. The most robust action is induced on the tower when all the bells (carillon plus swinging bells) ring. The experimental results are complemented by numerical simulations of the dynamic behaviour of the tower subjected to the action of a swinging bell.
Molecular Modeling Identification of Key Secondary Metabolites from Xylopia aethiopica as Promising Therapeutics Targeting Essential Measles Viral Proteins
Authors: Oloche Jeremiah John , Oluremi Bolaji Bosede , Aruwa Christiana Eleojo , Sabiu Saheed
Published: February 2023

This study computationally screened three key compounds (vanillin (VAN), oxophoebine (OPB), and dihydrochalcone (DHC)) derived from Xylopia aethiopica (Guinea pepper), a medicinal plant with known antiviral activity, against key druggable measles virus (MV) proteins (fusion protein (FUP), haemagglutinin protein (HMG), and phosphoprotein (PSP)). Each molecular species was subjected to a 100 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulation following docking, and a range of postdynamic parameters including free binding energy and pharmacokinetic properties were determined. The docking scores of the resulting OPB‐FUP (−5.4 kcal/mol), OPB‐HMG (−8.1 kcal/mol), and OPB‐PSP (−8.0 kcal/mol) complexes were consistent with their respective binding energy values (−25.37, −28.74, and −40.68 kcal/mol), and higher than that of the reference standard, ribavirin (RBV) in each case. Furthermore, all the investigated compounds were thermodynamically compact and stable, especially HMG of MV, and this observation could be attributed to the resulting intermolecular interactions in each system. Overall, OPB may possess inhibitory properties against MV glycoproteins (FUP and HMG) and PSP that play important roles in the replication of MV and measles pathogenesis. While OPB could serve as a scaffold for the development of novel MV fusion and entry inhibitors, further in vitro and in vivo evaluation is highly recommended.
COVID-19 Risk Perception and Loneliness among Korean Adults: The Mediating Effects of Social Distancing and Social Connectedness
Authors: Chung Soondool , Park So-Young
Published: February 2023

This study examined the complex associations among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) risk perception, social distancing, social connectedness, and loneliness, as well as the mediating effects of social distancing and social connectedness in these associations in younger, middle-aged, and older Korean adults. We used multigroup structural equation modeling to analyze the results of a cross-sectional survey of 2,400 Korean adults aged 20 years or older. We found statistically significant age group differences in the mean values of COVID-19 risk perception, social distancing, social connectedness, and loneliness. The younger group showed significant associations among all major variables in the structural equation model, while their older counterparts demonstrated a significant association between COVID-19 risk perception and loneliness. Social distancing and social connectedness mediated the effect of COVID-19 risk perception on loneliness only for the younger group. In addition, we found significant mediating effects of social connectedness on the association between COVID-19 risk perception and loneliness in the middle-aged and older groups. Our findings imply that social distancing and social connectedness have impacted Korean adults’ mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Nonlinear Stability of the Bipolar Navier-Stokes-Poisson System with Boundary
Authors: Yu Tiantian , Li Yong
Published: February 2023

The combined quasineutral and zero-viscosity limits of the bipolar Navier-Stokes-Poisson system with boundary are rigorously proved by establishing the nonlinear stability of the approximate solutions. Based on the conormal energy estimates, we showed that the solutions for the original system converge strongly in

H

3

space towards the solutions of the one-fluid compressible Euler system as long as the amplitude of the boundary layers is small enough.
Effect of Acute Salinity Stress on Metabolism, Antioxidant Status, and Histological Structure of Procambarus clarkii
Authors: Zhao Yi , Luo Lei , Liu Dong-liang , Huang Jian-Hua , Jiang Shi-Gui , Zhou Fa-Lin , Yang Qi-bin , Jiang Song , Li Yun-Dong , Tan Li-Qi , Yang Li-Shi
Published: February 2023

Procambarus clarkii is a well-known invasive species with a strong environmental tolerance that has spread worldwide. Crayfish were exposed to five different salinities (0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 parts per thousand (ppt)) to determine how salinity affects physiological and histological responses. The metabolism-related enzymes pyruvate kinase (PK) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) activities of the hepatopancreas and gill tissues significantly decreased with an increase of salinity (6, 12, 18, 24 ppt), except the increase of FAS activity at 6 ppt. Salinity caused an immune disorder, as displayed by the decreased activities of lysozyme (LSZ) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). In contrast, catalase (CAT) activities showed increased activity. The heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) concentration significantly increased at 6 ppt and then significantly decreased at 24 ppt in the hepatopancreas and gill tissues. A HE section revealed that salinity stress influenced the tissue structures. High salinity (24 ppt) damaged the hepatopancreas and deformed the gills. In conclusion, P. clarkii is resistant to acute exposure to low salinities and suffers physiological damage when exposed to hyperosmotic salinities. Our study provides a valuable reference to analyse the adaptation mechanisms of crayfish in response to salinity.
Reference Point-Free Measurement of Bridge Dynamic Deflection by Fusing Hydraulic Leveling and Accelerometer Signals
Authors: Jin Zhibin , Xia Hongda , Ni Wenbo , Yang Haoyuan
Published: February 2023

Structural health monitoring (SHM) is widely applied to assess the service condition of bridges. Deflection measurements are essential to determine a bridge’s performance, and in particular, dynamic deflection is increasingly required in SHM. However, continuous and high-precision measurements of the absolute dynamic deflection are challenging without a reference point placed at a distance from the bridge. We proposed a reference point-free dynamic deflection measurement system consisting of a level sensor and an accelerometer. The level sensor measures the low-frequency deflection components, while the accelerometer measures the high-frequency deflection components. We redesigned the level sensor from the hydrostatic level sensor and further provided a correction method to achieve the dynamic deflection measurement. A numerical algorithm fuses the signals from the level sensor and accelerometer to obtain the absolute dynamic deflection, and key parameters are calculated. The accuracy of the measurement system was tested in the laboratory, and the sensor results were similar to the ones obtained by the laser test under simple harmonic and random excitations. Field tests conducted on a T-shaped rigid frame bridge with random traffic flow indicate that the system can achieve continuous high-precision deflection measurements of bridges loaded by traffic flow.
A New Electrohydraulic Hybrid Energy-Saving System Used on the Reversible Rolling Mills
Authors: Du Rui , Liu Zhiqi , Ge Lei , Cui Jinyuan , He Lei
Published: February 2023

In the face of the global energy crisis, the use of hybrid technology is an important way to achieve efficient energy storage and utilization. Hybrid systems have been successfully applied to automobiles and construction machinery, but no research study has been conducted on the design and application of energy recovery systems for reversible rolling mills. This article proposes a new type of noncoaxial parallel electrohydraulic hybrid drive system configuration for reversible rolling mills to save energy. It is proposed to collect the braking energy of the previous pass of the reversible rolling mill roll and the surplus power of the original primary drive motor and then start or accelerate the process for the next roll pass. A test experiment was established and the energy-saving efficiency of the proposed system was verified. By rolling 14 passes, 255.892 kJ of energy can be recovered. The overall energy efficiency rate is around 71.547%. The system will significantly promote energy saving, low carbon, green, and other aspects of the reversible rolling mills.
Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Signet-Ring Cell Component and CDX2 Expression in a Patient Treated with PD-1 Inhibitor: A Case Report of a Common Tumor with Unusual Differentiation
Authors: Zada Sherehan , Tao Jeremiah , Estopinal Maria Del Valle
Published: February 2023

Signet-ring cell squamous cell carcinoma (SRCSCC) is an uncommon variant of cutaneous SCC that has been reported in the head and neck region. Herein, we present a case of a 56-year-old female with a cutaneous SCC that recurred after surgical excision, during treatment with cemiplimab (a programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) inhibitor). Histologically, the recurrent SCC revealed a second component characterized by the presence of signet-ring-like cells (SRLCs). Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that the tumor cells were positive for P63, CK5/6, CDX2, and P53 while negative for P16, CK7, CK20, and CD68 stains. An abnormal expression of B-catenin was also observed in the tumor. To our knowledge, SRCSCC developing during treatment with an immune checkpoint inhibitor has not been documented in the literature. Our findings suggest a form of acquired SCC cell resistance to immunotherapy that might involve CDX2-related pathways.
In Situ Synthesis of ZIF-67 Thin Films Using Low Temperature Chemical Vapor Deposition to Fabricate All-Solid-State Flexible Interdigital in-Planar Microsupercapacitors
Authors: Lo Kai-Hsiang , Anuratha Krishnan Shanmugam , Cheng Chia-Chin , Wu Shao-Jung , Juan Horng-Yi , Su Chia-Hung , Lin Jeng-Yu , Hsieh Chien-Kuo
Published: February 2023

This work describes the fabrication of a flexible all-solid-state interdigital in-planar microsupercapacitor (μSC) using the in situ synthesized ZIF-67 thin films as the interdigital finger-electrode materials, platinum (Pt) thin film as the interdigital finger-electrode current collector, laser print technology for the fabrication of interdigital patterns, and low-cost commercial polyethylene terephthalate (PET) sheet as the flexible substrates, assembled with the NaOH/PVA gel electrolyte. ZIF-67 thin films are in situ synthesized onto PET substrate by ultralow temperature (ULT) chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technology at a low temperature of 140°C. We herein report the ULT CVD approach for gas phase synthesizing ZIF-67 thin films, the exactly heating temperature can produce vaporized water steam, sublimated 2-methylimidazole (2-MIM) and cobalt(II) acetylacetonate (Co(acac)2) vapors at the same time. The vaporized and sublimated gaseous precursors demonstrated molecular-level reactions, including the deprotonation of 2-MIM via water steam, and the following coordinated reactions with cobalt ions decomposed from Co(acac)2, for the efficiently straightforward deposition to form the uniform ZIF-67 thin films onto the substrate surface. Herein, the integration of pattern printing, CVD depositing ZIF-67 thin films, and lift-off patterning processes demonstrated a comprehensive achievement and good compatibility to integrate MOFs into miniaturized energy-storage devices.
The Effect of N6-Methyladenosine Regulators and m6A Reader YTHDC1-Mediated N6-Methyladenosine Modification Is Involved in Oxidative Stress in Human Aortic Dissection
Authors: Yin Fanxing , Liu Kun , Peng Wanfu , Jiang Deying , Zhang Hao , Guo Panpan , Wu Yinhao , Zhang Xiaoxu , Sun Chenxi , Wang Yaxuan , Wang Hecheng , Han Yanshuo
Published: February 2023

Aortic dissection (AD) develops pathological changes in the separation of the true and false aortic lumen, with high lethality. m6A methylation and oxidative stress have also been shown to be involved in the onset of AD. Through bioinformatics methods, three differentially expressed m6A regulators (YTHDC1, YTHDC2, and RBM15) were excavated from the GSE52093 dataset in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and functional enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) regulated by m6A regulators was performed. Then, the genes with oxidative stress-related functions among these genes were found. The protein interaction network of the oxidative stress-related genes and the competing endogenous RNA- (ceRNA-) miRNA-mRNA network were constructed. Among them, DHCR24, P4HB, and PDGFRA, which have m6A differences in AD samples, were selected as key genes. We also performed immune infiltration analysis, as well as cell-gene correlation analysis, on samples from the dataset. The results showed that YTHDC1 was positively correlated with macrophage M1 and negatively correlated with macrophage M2. Finally, we extracted AD and healthy aorta RNA and protein from human tissues that were taken from AD patients and patients who received heart transplants, performed quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) on YTHDC2 and RBM15, and performed qRT-PCR and western blot (WB) detection on YTHDC1 to verify their differences in AD. The mRNA and protein levels of YTHDC1 were consistent with the results of bioinformatics analysis and were downregulated in AD. Immunofluorescence (IF) was used to colocalize YTHDC1 and endothelial cell marker CD31. After knocking down YTHDC1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels had a tendency to increase and the expression of peroxide dismutase SOD2 was decreased. This study provides assistance in discovering the role of m6A regulator YTHDC1 in AD. In particular, m6A modification participates in oxidative stress and jointly affects AD.
The Effect of Exercise on Inflammatory Markers in PCOS Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials
Authors: Hafizi Moori Mozhgan , Nosratabadi Saeed , Yazdi Naghmeh , Kasraei Razieh , Abbasi Senjedary Zeinab , Hatami Razieh
Published: February 2023

Background. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a typical female disorder that influences different aspects of women’s health. There is a direct association between inflammation and PCOS status. Some evidence supports the beneficial effects of exercise on inflammation status in PCOS women, while others cannot find a significant association. This study aimed to clarify the effect of exercise on inflammatory markers in women with PCOS. Method. Electronic searches in international databases were performed to identify eligible publications up to August 2021, which compared the effects of exercise on inflammatory markers in the intervention group compared to the control group in PCOS women. A weighted mean difference (WMD) using a random-effect model was applied for reporting results. Results. A total of 2525 records were found via database searching, of which 10 were eligible to be included in the analysis. The results of the meta-analysis revealed that exercise could significantly lower the serum level of CRP (WMD: −0.43 mg/L; 95% CI: −0.66 to −0.21;

P
≤
0.01

; I2: 84.9%;

P
<
≤
0.01

), while it was not considerable for adiponectin (WMD: −0.33 μg/mL; 95% CI: −0.97 to 0.31;

P
=
0.30

; I2: 0%;

P
=
0.97

). In addition, subgroup analyses indicated a significant effect of exercise on CRP in individuals ≥30 years, sample size ≥15 individuals, and aerobic training. Conclusion. Exercise training can reduce CRP levels in women with CRP, particularly in women older than 30 years of age, and in studies with more than 15 participants. The effect of exercise on adiponectin was not noticeable.
Association between Management Care Perception and Professional Quality of Life among Intensive Care Unit Nurses: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Yu Ran , Lian Zerong , Ling Hua , Sun Xiaoxuan , Gan Qingwen , Feng Liqun , Yan Qiong , Chen Ying , Liu Jiaqiu
Published: February 2023

Purpose. The study aims to determine the correlation between management care perception and the professional quality of life of intensive care unit (ICU) nurses in China and examine the influencing factors. Design and Methods. A cross‐sectional descriptive study was conducted with 486 ICU nurses (response rate: 97.2%) from five tertiary hospitals in China from 1 January to 31 July, 2022, by convenience sampling. Data were collected through the general information questionnaire, the management care assessment scale, and the professional quality of life scale. Findings. The score of management care perception of ICU nurses was (132.24 ± 28.04), and the scores of compassion satisfactory, compassion fatigue, and burnout of professional quality of life were (37.54 ± 7.73), (20.80 ± 6.49), and (17.79 ± 5.14), respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age and the total score of managed care were positively correlated with the score of compassion satisfaction dimension (β = 1.62, 0.19) and that the total score of perceived management care was negatively correlated with the score of compassion fatigue and job burnout (β = −0.04, −0.07). ICU nurses’ perceived level of managerial care was at a moderate level. The younger the nurse and the less managerial care they perceived, the lower their job satisfaction and the greater the burnout. Practice Implications. ICU nurses’ perceptions of management care and professional quality of life are at a medium level, and a significant correlation exists between them. Therefore, measures to improve the professional quality of life should be taken. Nursing administrators are obliged to actively create a good atmosphere of management care, reduce the job burnout of ICU nurses, improve their professional quality of life, optimise the quality of nursing service, and stabilise the nursing team.
Vibration Mitigation of Sagged Cables Using a Viscous Inertial Mass Damper: An Experimental Investigation
Authors: Dong Shenghao , Duan Yuanfeng , Xu Shilang , Yun Chungbang
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we describe the design and manufacturing of a viscous inertial mass-damper (VIMD) prototype. The damper parameters, the inertial mass, and the viscous damping coefficient can be continuously adjusted. Experimental validations were carried out on the VIMD with various parameters and a scaled sagged cable of 19.47 m long with the VIMD for vibration mitigation, along with a simulation study using the finite element method (FEM). The experimental results show that the modal damping ratio of the scaled cable was remarkably increased by the VIMD. The achieved maximum modal damping ratios for the first two modes were 6.98% and 8.15%, respectively, which are about 10 times the maximum values using a conventional viscous damper. The sag influence on damper-control performance was also studied by changing the cable tension. It showed that the first modal damping ratio provided by the VIMD was significantly reduced by the increased sag, whereas the second modal damping ratio was not. Fourier amplitude spectra of the cable responses subjected to sine sweep excitations show that the cable mode split into two and a pair of fixed points occurred by introducing a VIMD as in the theory of the fixed-point method (FPM) for the optimum design of a tuned mass damper. The performance of the optimum VIMD by the FPM was investigated in comparison with that by the maximum modal damping method.
Using Deep Learning with Bayesian–Gaussian Inspired Convolutional Neural Architectural Search for Cancer Recognition and Classification from Histopathological Image Frames
Authors: Stephen Okeke , Sain Mangal
Published: February 2023

We propose a neural architectural search model which examines histopathological images to detect the presence of cancer in both lung and colon tissues. In recent times, deep artificial neural networks have made tremendous impacts in healthcare. However, obtaining an optimal artificial neural network model that could yield excellent performance during training, evaluation, and inferencing has been a bottleneck for researchers. Our method uses a Bayesian convolutional neural architectural search algorithm in collaboration with Gaussian processes to provide an efficient neural network architecture for efficient colon and lung cancer classification and recognition. The proposed model learns by using the Gaussian process to estimate the required optimal architectural values by choosing a set of model parameters through the exploitation of the expected improvement (EI) values, thereby minimizing the number of sampled trials and suggesting the best model architecture. Several experiments were conducted, and a landmark performance was obtained in both validation and test data through the evaluation of the proposed model on a dataset consisting of 25,000 images of five different classes with convergence and F1‐score matrices.
High Efficient Construction and Comprehensive Evaluation of Superhydrophobic Filter Screen Coatings
Authors: Hou Keke , Meng Yaowei , Chen Xinhua , Li Yanan , Wang Rong
Published: February 2023

The preparation of environment-friendly and efficient superhydrophobic filter screen still faces great challenges. Herein, a compact, solid cerium stearate superhydrophobic-coated stainless steel mesh (SSSM) was prepared by a simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly one-step electrodeposition process. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and contact angle measurement were used to characterize the surface coating (composition, morphology, and contact angle) of SSSM. The results show that the SSSM surface is a dense mastoid cerium stearate micronanostructure coating, and its static contact angle with water can reach 162.73°. In addition, it has excellent self-cleaning performance for conventional simulated pollutants, and the contact angle can still reach 161° after 28 days of storage. In the wear resistance and corrosion resistance tests, the contact angle can still be kept above 150° after 600 mm abrasion under the load of 19.6 kPa, the corrosion current of SSSM is reduced by two orders of magnitude, and its corrosion inhibition efficiency reaches 99.74%. In addition, the oil/water separation performance of SSSM is also very good, and the separation efficiency for different oil/water mixtures exceeds 97%. This study will provide important data support and method reference for the preparation of metal anticorrosion superhydrophobic material coating and the development of environment-friendly and efficient oil–water separation materials.
Investigation of the Potential Mechanism of Alpinia officinarum Hance in Improving Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Zhang Xuguang , Li Xiangyi , Li Hailong , Zhou Mingyan , Zhang Yuxin , Lai Weiyong , Zheng Xiuwen , Bai Feihu , Zhang Junqing
Published: February 2023

Objective. We used network pharmacology, molecular docking, and cellular analysis to explore the pharmacodynamic components and action mechanism of Alpinia officinarum Hance (A. officinarum) in improving type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods. The protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network, Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed to predict the potential targets and mechanism of A. officinarum toward improving T2DM. The first 9 core targets and potential active compounds were docked using Discovery Studio 2019. Finally, IR‐HepG2 cells and qPCR were applied to determine the mRNA expression of the top 6 core targets of the PPI network. Results. A total of 29 active ingredients and 607 targets of A. officinarum were obtained. T2DM‐related targets overlapped with 176 targets. The core targets of the PPI network were identified as AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1), an activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), tumor protein p53 (TP53), SRC proto‐oncogene, nonreceptor tyrosine kinase (SRC), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), albumin (ALB), mitogen‐activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARG). A. officinarum performs an antidiabetic role via the AGE‐RAGE signaling pathway, the HIF‐1 signaling pathway, the PI3K‐AKT signaling pathway, and others, according to GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. Molecular docking revealed that the binding ability of diarylheptanoid active components in A. officinarum to core target protein was higher than that of flavonoids. The cell experiments confirmed that the A. officinarum extracts improved the glucose uptake of IR‐HepG2 cells and AKT expression while inhibiting the STAT3, TNF, TP53, SRC, and EGFR mRNA expression. Conclusion. A. officinarum Hance improves T2DM by acting on numerous components, multiple targets, and several pathways. Our results lay the groundwork for the subsequent research and broaden the clinical application of A. officinarum Hance.
Overexpression of PRDX2 in Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhances the Therapeutic Effect in a Neurogenic Erectile Dysfunction Rat Model by Inhibiting Ferroptosis
Authors: Chen Peng , Chen Zehong , Zhai Jiancheng , Yang Wende , Wei Hongbo
Published: February 2023

Neurogenic erectile dysfunction (NED) is a common and serious complication after pelvic surgery. The clinical translation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADSC) therapies in NED remains a major challenge due to their low survival rate and limited therapeutic effect. Peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2) is a member of the peroxidase family that exerts its therapeutic effects by inhibiting oxidative stress (OS) and ferroptosis, and PRDX2 is expected to enhance the therapeutic effect of ADSCs in treating NED. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether PRDX2 could improve the survival of ADSCs and determine whether overexpression of PRDX2 in ADSCs (PRDX2-ADSCs) could enhance the therapeutic effect of NED. This study investigated the potential role of PRDX2-ADSCs through a NED model induced by bilateral cavernous nerve injury (BCNI) and three in vitro models established by H2O2-stimulated ADSCs, H2O2-stimulated corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMCs), and RSL3-stimulated CCSMCs. We found that PRDX2 could significantly improve the viability of ADSCs by suppressing apoptosis and OS in H2O2-stimulated ADSCs. We also found that BCNI triggered ferroptosis of the corpus cavernosum, which was manifested by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), total iron content, and MDA as well as decreased SOD and GSH. Our results further demonstrated changes in the expression of key proteins (GPX4 and ACSL4) in the ferroptosis pathway, whereas PRDX2-ADSCs ameliorated BCNI-induced erectile dysfunction and ferroptosis of the corpus cavernosum in NED rats. Consistently, PRDX2-ADSCs attenuated OS in H2O2-stimulated CCSMCs and inhibited ferroptosis in RSL3-stimulated CCSMCs, as evidenced by the decrease in ROS, total iron content, and MDA and the increase in SOD and GSH together with changes in ferroptosis-related protein (GPX4 and ACSL4) expression. In conclusion, overexpression of PRDX2 in ADSCs enhanced the therapeutic effect in a rat model of neurogenic erectile dysfunction by inhibiting ferroptosis via regulation of the GPX4/ACSL4 axis.
Valuation of Urban Public Bus Electrification with Open Data and Physics-Informed Machine Learning
Authors: Vijay Upadhi , Woo Soomin , Moura Scott J. , Jain Akshat , Rodriguez David , Gambacorta Sergio , Ferrara Giuseppe , Lanuzza Luigi , Zulberti Christian , Mellekas Erika , Papa Carlo
Published: February 2023

This research provides a novel framework to estimate the economic, environmental, and social values of electrifying public transit buses, for cities across the world, based on open-source data. Electric buses are a compelling candidate to replace diesel buses for their environmental and social benefits. However, the state-of-art models to evaluate the value of bus electrification require granular and bespoke data on bus operation that can be difficult to procure. This strict requirement on data and modeling can hinder potential collaborators on bus electrification, such as electric vehicle manufacturers or electricity providers, from selecting the candidate public transit agencies in the initial phase of the market investigation. Our valuation tool uses General Transit Feed Specification, a standard data format used by transit agencies worldwide, to provide high-level guidance on developing a prioritization strategy for electrifying a bus fleet. We develop physics-informed machine learning models to evaluate energy consumption, carbon emissions, health impacts, and the total cost of ownership for each transit route. We demonstrate our tool with a case study of the bus lines in the Greater Boston and Milan metropolitan areas. While the capital cost of electric buses and the price of diesel fuel may impact the economic benefit of electrification, we expect significant improvements in health and environmental performances. We estimate about 50% health cost reduction by electrifying only 4 routes out of 15 to 19 routes in each city. For Boston and Milan, some routes are estimated to produce less than 5% of the diesel bus emissions and 14%, respectively, for which investment in electrification can be prioritized.
Investigation of the Underlying Mechanism of Huangqi‐Dangshen for Myasthenia Gravis Treatment via Molecular Docking and Network Pharmacology
Authors: Liu Miao , Lu Jing , Chen Yujuan , Zhang Dongmei , Huang Wei , Shi Mengqi , Zhang Yibin , Wu Tong , Chen Zhuming , Wu Lei , Chen Xinzhi , Wang Jian
Published: February 2023

The herbal pairing of Huangqi and Dangshen (HD) is traditional Chinese herbal medicine and has been widely used in China, especially to treat myasthenia gravis (MG). However, the mechanism of HD on MG is unclear. Aim of the Study. This study aims to investigate HD’s possible role in MG treatment. Materials and Methods. The TCMSP database was used to identify the active chemicals and their targets. The GeneCards, DisGeNET, and OMIM databases were used to search for MG‐related targets. The STRING database was employed in order to identify the common PPI network targets. We next utilised Cytoscape 3.8.2 for target identification and the DAVID database for gene ontology (GO) function analysis as well as Encyclopaedia of Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis on the selected targets. The AutoDock Vina software was used to test the affinity of essential components with the hub gene before concluding that the primary targets were corrected through molecular docking. Results. 41 active compounds were screened from HD, and the number of putative‐identified target genes screened from HD was 112. There were 21 target genes that overlapped with the targets of MG, which were postulated to be potential treatment targets. Through further analysis, the results showed that the active compounds from HD (such as 7‐methoxy‐2‐methylisoflavone, quercetin, luteolin, Kaempferol, and isorhamnetin) may achieve the purpose of treating MG by acting on some core targets and related pathways (such as EGFR, FOS, ESR2, MYC, ESR1, CASP3, and IL‐6). Molecular docking findings demonstrated that these active molecules have a near‐perfect ability to attach to the primary targets. Conclusion. Through network pharmacology, the findings in this study provide light on the coordinated action of several HD formula components, targets, and pathways. It provided a theoretical basis for further study of HD pharmacological action.
Pillar-Based 3D Object Detection from Point Cloud with Multiattention Mechanism
Authors: Li Xin , Liang Bifa , Huang Jinhao , Peng Yuyang , Yan Yier , Li Jun , Shang Wenli , Wei Wei
Published: February 2023

Object detection in point clouds is a critical component in most autonomous driving systems. In this paper, in order to improve the effectiveness of image feature extraction and the accuracy of detection of point clouds, a pillar-based 3D point cloud object detection algorithm with multiattention mechanism is proposed, which includes three attention mechanisms SOCA, SOPA, and SAPI. The results show that the recognition accuracy of the optimized algorithm for cars, pedestrians, and cyclists on KITTI dataset is significantly improved on the detection benchmarks of BEV and 3D. Despite using only LiDAR, our algorithm outperforms PointPillars, which is one of the state-of-the-art algorithms for 3D object detection, with respect to both 3D and BEV view KITTI benchmarks while maintaining a relatively competitive speed.