bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of biological and chemical assays for measuring the concentration of residual antibiotics after treatment with gamma irradiation
Authors: Nam Ji-Hyun , Shin Ji-Hye , Kim Tae-Hun , Yu Seungho , Lee Dong-Hun
Published: August 2019

Antibiotic pollution is one of the factors contributing to the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the environment. Advanced oxidation and irradiation processes have been introduced to eliminate antibiotics from water and wastewater. However, few studies have reported the toxic effects of residual antibiotics and their byproducts induced by a treatment system. In this study, we compared the efficacies of chemical (high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)) and biological (antimicrobial susceptibility test) assays for measuring the concentrations of residual antibiotics after gamma irradiation for degrading amoxicillin, cephradine, lincomycin, and tetracycline. The concentrations of residual antibiotics estimated using the two assay methods were almost identical, except cephradine. In the case of cephradine, inhibited bacterial growth was observed that was equivalent to twice the concentration measured by HPLC in the samples subjected to gamma irradiation. The observed inhibition of bacterial growth suggested the generation of potentially toxic intermediates following antibiotic degradation. These results indicate that biological and chemical assays should be used in concert for monitoring antibiotic contamination and the toxic derivatives of antibiotic degradation. The results demonstrate that these four antibiotics can be decomposed by 2.0 kGy gamma-irradiation without toxic effects of their byproducts.
Selection signature analysis reveals genes underlying sheep milking performance
Authors: Yuan Zehu , Li Wanhong , Li Fadi , Yue Xiangpeng
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Sheep milk is the most important feed resource for
newborn lambs and an important food resource for humans. Sheep milk production and ingredients are influenced by genetic and environmental
factors. In this study, we implemented selection signature analysis using
Illumina Ovine SNP50 BeadChip data of 78 meat Lacaune and 103 milk Lacaune sheep, which have similar genetic backgrounds, from the Sheep HapMap project to identify candidate genes related to ovine milk traits. Since different
methods can detect different variation types and complement each other, we
used a haplotype-based method (hapFLK) to implement selection signature
analysis. The results revealed six selection signature regions showing signs of being selected (P<0.001): chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 6, 13
and 18. In addition, 38 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to sheep milk performance were
identified in selection signature regions, which contain 334 candidate
genes. Of those, SUCNR1 (succinate receptor 1) and PPARGC1A (PPARG coactivator 1 alpha) may be the most significant genes that affect sheep milking performance, which supply a significant indication for future studies to investigate candidate genes that play an important role in milk production and quality.
Investigation of Arctic middle-atmospheric dynamics using 3 years of H2O and O3 measurements from microwave radiometers at Ny-Ålesund
Authors: Schranz Franziska , Tschanz Brigitte , Rüfenacht Rolf , Hocke Klemens , Palm Mathias , Kämpfer Niklaus
Published: August 2019

Abstract. We used 3 years of water vapour and ozone measurements to study the dynamics in the Arctic middle atmosphere.
We investigated the descent of water vapour within the polar vortex, major and minor sudden stratospheric warmings and periodicities at Ny-Ålesund.
The measurements were performed with the two ground-based microwave radiometers MIAWARA-C and GROMOS-C, which have been co-located at the AWIPEV research base at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79∘ N, 12∘ E), since September 2015.
Both instruments belong to the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC).
The almost continuous datasets of water vapour and ozone are characterized by a high time resolution of the order of hours.
A thorough intercomparison of these datasets with models and measurements from satellite, ground-based and in situ instruments was performed.
In the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere the MIAWARA-C water vapour profiles agree within 5 % with SD-WACCM simulations and ACE-FTS measurements on average, whereas AuraMLS measurements show an average offset of 10 %–15 % depending on altitude but constant in time.
Stratospheric GROMOS-C ozone profiles are on average within 6 % of the SD-WACCM model, the AuraMLS and ACE-FTS satellite instruments and the OZORAM ground-based microwave radiometer which is also located at Ny-Ålesund. During these first 3 years of the measurement campaign typical phenomena of the Arctic middle atmosphere took place, and we analysed their signatures in the water vapour and ozone measurements.
Two major sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) took place in March 2016 and February 2018 and three minor warmings were observed in early 2017.
Ozone-rich air was brought to the pole and during the major warmings ozone enhancements of up to 4 ppm were observed.
The reversals of the zonal wind accompanying a major SSW were captured in the GROMOS-C wind profiles which are retrieved from the ozone spectra.
After the SSW in February 2018 the polar vortex re-established and the water vapour descent rate in the mesosphere was 355 m d−1.
Inside of the polar vortex in autumn we found the descent rate of mesospheric water vapour from MIAWARA-C to be 435 m d−1 on average.
We find that the water vapour descent rate from SD-WACCM and the vertical velocity w‾* of the residual mean meridional circulation from SD-WACCM are substantially higher than the descent rates of MIAWARA-C.
w‾* and the zonal mean water vapour descent rate from SD-WACCM agree within 10 % after the SSW, whereas in autumn w‾* is up to 40 % higher.
We further present an overview of the periodicities in the water vapour and ozone measurements and analysed seasonal and interannual differences.
MICS-Asia III: Overview of model inter-comparison and evaluation of acid deposition over Asia
Authors: Itahashi Syuichi , Ge Baozhu , Sato Keiichi , Fu Joshua S. , Wang Xuemei , Yamaji Kazuyo , Nagashima Tatsuya , Li Jie , Kajino Mizuo , Liao Hong , Zhang Meigen , Wang Zhe , Li Meng , Kurokawa Junichi , Carmichael Gregory R. , Wang Zifa
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The Model Inter-Comparison Study for Asia (MICS-Asia) Phase III was conducted to promote understanding of regional air quality and climate change in Asia, which have received growing attention due to the huge amount of anthropogenic emissions worldwide. This study provides an overview of acid depositions. Specifically, dry and wet depositions of the following species were analyzed: S (sulfate aerosol, sulfur dioxide (SO2), and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)), N (nitrate aerosol, nitrogen monoxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and nitric acid (HNO3)), and A (ammonium aerosol and ammonia (NH3)). The wet deposition simulated by a total of nine models was analyzed and evaluated using ground observation data from the Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET). In this Phase III study, the number of observation sites was increased to 54 from 37 in the Phase II study, and Southeast Asian countries were newly added. Additionally, whereas the analysis period was limited to representative months of each season in MICS-Asia Phase II, this Phase III study analyzed the full year of 2010. The scope of this overview mainly focuses on the annual accumulated depositions. In general, models can capture the observed wet depositions over Asia but underestimate the wet deposition of S and A and show large differences in the wet deposition of N. Furthermore, the ratio of wet deposition to the total deposition (the sum of dry and wet deposition) was investigated in order to understand the role of important processes in the total deposition. The general dominance of wet deposition over Asia and attributions from dry deposition over land were consistently found in all models. Then, total deposition maps over 13 countries participating in EANET were produced, and the balance between deposition and anthropogenic emissions was calculated. Excesses of deposition, rather than of anthropogenic emissions, were found over Japan, North Asia, and Southeast Asia, indicating the possibility of long-range transport within and outside Asia, as well as other emission sources. To improve the ability of models to capture the observed wet deposition, two approaches were attempted, namely, ensemble and precipitation adjustment. The ensemble approach was effective at modulating the differences in performance among models, and the precipitation-adjusted approach demonstrated that the model performance for precipitation played a key role in better simulating wet deposition. Finally, the lessons learned from this Phase III study and future perspectives for Phase IV are summarized.
Assessment of SWAT spatial and temporal transferability for a high-altitude glacierized catchment
Authors: Andrianaki Maria , Shrestha Juna , Kobierska Florian , Nikolaidis Nikolaos P. , Bernasconi Stefano M.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. In this study, we investigated the application and the
transferability of the Soil Water and Assessment Tool (SWAT) in a partly
glacierized Alpine catchment characterized by extreme climatic conditions
and steep terrain. The model was initially calibrated for the 10 km2
watershed of the Damma glacier Critical Zone Observatory (CZO) in central
Switzerland using monitoring data for the period of 2009–2011 and then was
evaluated for 2012–2013 in the same area. Model performance was found to be
satisfactory against both the Nash–Sutcliffe criterion (NS) and a benchmark
efficiency (BE). The transferability of the model was assessed by using the
parameters calibrated on the small watershed and applying the model to the
approximately 100 km2 catchment that drains into the hydropower
reservoir of the Göscheneralpsee and includes the Damma glacier CZO.
Model results were compared to the reservoir inflow data from 1997 to 2010
and it was found that the model predicted successfully snowmelt timing and
autumn recession but could not accurately capture the peak flow for certain
years. Runoff was slightly overestimated from late May to June, when it is
dominated by snowmelt. Finally, we investigated the response of the greater
catchment to climate change using three different climate change scenarios,
and the results were compared to those of a previous study, where two
different hydrological models, PREVAH and ALPINE3D, were used. The
methodology presented here, where SWAT is calibrated for a small watershed
and then applied for a bigger area with similar climatic conditions and
geographical characteristics, could work even under extreme conditions like
ours. However, greater attention should be given to the differences
between glacier melt and snowmelt dynamics. In conclusion, this assessment
test on the transferability of SWAT on different scales gave valuable
information about the strengths and weaknesses of the model when it was
applied under conditions different to those under which it was calibrated.
Understanding the potential of climate teleconnections to project future groundwater drought
Authors: Rust William , Holman Ian , Bloomfield John , Cuthbert Mark , Corstanje Ron
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Predicting the next major drought is of paramount interest to water
managers globally. Estimating the onset of groundwater drought is of
particular importance, as groundwater resources are often assumed to be more
resilient when surface water resources begin to fail. A potential source of
long-term forecasting is offered by possible periodic controls on
groundwater level via teleconnections with oscillatory ocean–atmosphere
systems. However, relationships between large-scale climate systems and
regional to local-scale rainfall, evapotranspiration (ET) and groundwater are often complex and
non-linear so that the influence of long-term climate cycles on groundwater
drought remains poorly understood. Furthermore, it is currently unknown
whether the absolute contribution of multi-annual climate variability to
total groundwater storage is significant. This study assesses the extent to
which multi-annual variability in groundwater can be used to indicate the
timing of groundwater droughts in the UK. Continuous wavelet transforms show
how repeating teleconnection-driven 7-year and 16–32-year cycles in the
majority of groundwater sites from all the UK's major aquifers can
systematically control the recurrence of groundwater drought; and we provide
evidence that these periodic modes are driven by teleconnections. Wavelet
reconstructions demonstrate that multi-annual periodicities of the North
Atlantic Oscillation, known to drive North Atlantic meteorology, comprise up
to 40 % of the total groundwater storage variability. Furthermore, the
majority of UK recorded droughts in recent history coincide with a minimum
phase in the 7-year NAO-driven cycles in groundwater level, providing
insight into drought occurrences on a multi-annual timescale. Long-range
groundwater drought forecasts via climate teleconnections present
transformational opportunities to drought prediction and its management
across the North Atlantic region.
A multi-objective ensemble approach to hydrological modelling in the UK: an application to historic drought reconstruction
Authors: Smith Katie A. , Barker Lucy J. , Tanguy Maliko , Parry Simon , Harrigan Shaun , Legg Tim P. , Prudhomme Christel , Hannaford Jamie
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Hydrological models can provide estimates of streamflow pre- and
post-observations, which enable greater understanding of past hydrological
behaviour, and potential futures. In this paper, a new multi-objective
calibration method was derived and tested for 303 catchments in the UK, and
the calibrations were used to reconstruct river flows back to 1891, in order
to provide a much longer view of past hydrological variability, given the
brevity of most UK river flow records which began post-1960. A Latin
hypercube sample of 500 000 parameterisations for the GR4J model for each
catchment were evaluated against six evaluation metrics covering all aspects
of the flow regime from high, median, and low flows. The results of the top
ranking model parameterisation (LHS1), and also the top 500 (LHS500), for
each catchment were used to provide a deterministic result whilst also
accounting for parameter uncertainty. The calibrations are generally good at
capturing observed flows, with some exceptions in heavily groundwater-dominated catchments, and snowmelt and artificially influenced catchments
across the country. Reconstructed flows were appraised over 30-year moving
windows and were shown to provide good simulations of flow in the early
parts of the record, in cases where observations were available. To consider
the utility of the reconstructions for drought simulation, flow data for the
1975–1976 drought event were explored in detail in nine case study catchments.
The model's performance in reproducing the drought events was found to vary
by catchment, as did the level of uncertainty in the LHS500. The
Standardised Streamflow Index (SSI) was used to assess the model
simulations' ability to simulate extreme events. The peaks and troughs of
the SSI time series were well represented despite slight over- or
underestimations of past drought event magnitudes, while the accumulated
deficits of the drought events extracted from the SSI time series verified
that the model simulations were overall very good at simulating drought
events. This paper provides three key contributions: (1) a robust
multi-objective model calibration framework for calibrating catchment models
for use in both general and extreme hydrology; (2) model calibrations for the
303 UK catchments that could be used in further research, and operational
applications such as hydrological forecasting; and (3) ∼ 125 years of spatially and temporally consistent reconstructed flow data
that will allow comprehensive quantitative assessments of past UK drought
events, as well as long-term analyses of hydrological variability that have
not been previously possible, thus enabling water resource managers to
better plan for extreme events and build more resilient systems for the
future.
Amibas de vida libre en pozas, piscinas y lagos de El Salvador
Authors: Castillo de Mena Marta Esperanza , Santos Herrera René Guillermo , Cerna de López Mirna Maricely , Torres de Castillo Elia Gicela , Portillo de Juárez Alexandra Manoela , Rosales Quintanilla Rogelio Isaac
Published: August 2019

En este trabajo se examinaron 60 muestras de agua provenientes de 30 sitios del territorio salvadoreño donde se ubican reservorios de agua utilizados por la población para su diversión. La identificación de cada muestra in­cluyó: fecha de colecta, ubicación del lugar, toma de superficie o profundidad, y condición clorada o no clorada. Se sedimentó cada muestra y éste se estudió entre lámina y laminilla, utilizando ob­jetivos 10X y 40X del microscopio, en busca de formas móviles de amibas.  Adicionalmente, del se­dimento se sembraron cuatro placas de agar-agar sembradas con Escherichia coli vivas o muertas.Los cultivos se examinaron utilizando objetivo 4X del microscopio. De las colonias se realizaron prepa­raciones al fresco y se observaron al microscopio con objetivos de 10X y 40X. A las preparaciones que mostraron trofozoitos de amibas se les fijó con PVA (alcohol poli vinílico) y les tiñó con coloración tricrómica. Se consideraron AVL (amibas de vida libre) los trofozoitos que presentaron dos o más de estas características: tamaño de 13 a 30 micróme­tros, seudópodos redondeados, y núcleo con un cariosoma prominente rodeado por un halo claro. Se encontraron AVL en dos muestras de agua to­madas del fondo de piscinas con agua clorada, y en una muestra tomada del fondo de otra piscina de agua no clorada.
Consumo de drogas psicoactivas lícitas e ilícitas en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Pérez Fabio Bautista
Published: August 2019

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el con­sumo de sustancias psicoactivas lícitas e ilí­citas en estudiantes universitarios. Se realizó en 14 universidades privadas de El Salvador, con una muestra de 594 estudiantes universitarios activos, matriculados en las diferentes carreras que sirven dichas universidades, con un nivel de con­fianza de 95% e intervalo de confianza de 4%, la muestra se estratificó proporcionalmente de acuer­do a la población estudiantil de cada universidad. El tipo de estudio fue descriptivo con un diseño transversal. Se encontró que la prevalencia del consumo de drogas en el estudio fue bajo para las drogas lícitas y mucho más bajo para las ilícitas. El alcohol y el tabaco fueron las sustancias más con­sumidas por los estudiantes y se encontró que el consumo de drogas en forma simultánea es mínima. El estudiante mencionó estar entre satisfecho y muy satisfecho, lo que se vio reflejado en sus promedios académicos que resultaron como buenos y muy buenos. En el aspecto familiar las relaciones con sus padres fueron muy buenas y buenas, donde las malas relaciones o la no relación con sus padres resultaron con porcentajes muy bajos. En lo econó­mico el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas le ha afectado muy poco, esto está relacionado al bajo consumo que se encontró en el estudio; solamente en muy pocos casos ha incurrido a acciones como prestar dinero a los amigos, familiares o a cualquier persona. En acciones que van contra la legalidad, cometidas cuando el estudiante estaba bajo los efectos de sustancias psicoactivas, se presentaron casos de accidentes automovilísticos, llamados de atención académicos, problemas con la policía, peleas que resultaron en arrestos, multas al condu­cir en ese estado, encarcelamientos, ser herido o lesionado por otra persona y ser suspendido de la universidad, todas las acciones anteriores se pre­sentaron en porcentajes bajos.
Análisis histológico de la biocompatibilidad del cemento sellador de conductos radiculares sealapex, en ratones de laboratorio
Authors: Herrera Henry W. , De Sermeño Ruth Fuentes , Estrada Méndez Nuvia Liseth , Morán Saget Esther María , Pascasio Hernández Patricia Carolina
Published: August 2019

El presente estudio in-vivo, fue realizado por medio de análisis histológicos; para evaluar la biocompatibilidad del Cemento Sellador Endodóntico Sealapex, al entrar en contacto con tejido conjuntivo en ratones de laboratorio. Este tejido conjuntivo presenta una gran similitud con los tejidos periodontales de las piezas dentarias, es por ello que se seleccionaron ratones y de esa ma­nera poseer una mejor información de cómo actúa el hidróxido de calcio (cemento Sealapex) dentro de los tejidos dentarios al realizar un tratamiento de conducto radicular. La muestra investigada fue de 5 ratones isogénicos de un mismo sexo; los cuáles por medio de una intervención quirúrgica se les im­plantó subcutáneamente en el tejido conjuntivo, un tubo de polietileno de 1cm de largo que contenía el Cemento a investigar. La muestra fue mantenida en cautiverio y sacrificada en controles de 3, 7, 14,21 y 28 días. Los hallazgos fueron clasificados según el grado de inflamación, fibrosis y mineralización, que presentó el tejido conjuntivo frente al cemento sellador endodóntico Sealapex y demostró que el grado de compatibilidad del cemento sellador Sea­lapex fue aceptable en todos los casos evaluados. La fibrosis moderada adherida al tubo conteniendo el cemento, es indicativo de una buena tolerancia del tejido conjuntivo subcutáneo de ratones hacia el producto. De igual forma, posee la propiedad de inducir la formación de mineralizaciones, las cuales fueron detectadas sobre el tejido conjuntivo de los ratones de laboratorio. (Favoreciendo su pH alcalino que permite liberación de iones hidroxilo (OH-), a di­ferencia del pH ácido que aumentaría su inflamación y la falta de compatibilidad del cemento sellador con los tejidos periodontales). Por lo cual, se recomienda para casos de piezas tratadas endodónticamente con necrosis pulpar o en pulpas vitales.
Socio-Economic Effects of Load Shedding on Poor Urban Households and Small Business Enterprises in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Umar Bridget Bwalya , Kunda-Wamuwi Chibuye Florence
Published: August 2019

Zambia has in the recent past witnessed an increase in economic activities which has led to an increased energy demand. This increased demand for energy has overshot the hydroelectric power generating capacity. Consequently, the national power utility company, the Zambia Electricity Supply Corporation (ZESCO) instituted nationwide load shedding schedules that last up to 12 hours daily. This development has potentially far reaching social and economic effects on the lives and operations of poor urban residents and small scale business enterprises (SMEs) that routinely depend on stable access to electricity. With a focus on two low income residential areas, namely Ng’ombe and Kalingalinga residential areas, this study explored how residents and SMEs of the capital city, Lusaka have been affected by the recent spate of load shedding in the city. A total of 200 households and 14 SMEs from Ng’ombe and Kalingalinga were interviewed. Results show that load shedding, which occurs daily in the two study sites has caused massive disruptions to the daily lives and operations of the households and small businesses respectively. Over time, the load shedding phenomena has gotten worse and become a major political issue, reflecting the hardships for households and businesses in Zambia. On this basis, this study recommends that the government provides subsidies on alternative energy appliances such as portable diesel solar generators for small business enterprises and more favourable electric tariff rates for business that shift their manufacturing activities to night time so as to reduce demand for electricity during peak periods.
Exploring the Strength of the Process Writing Approach as a Pedagogy for Fostering Learner Autonomy in Writing Among Young Learners
Authors: Yeung Marine
Published: August 2019

Learner autonomy is widely recognized as a desirable educational goal in second or foreign language learning. However, the generality of the concept often makes it difficult to either nurture or measure the related traits. The present study focused on learner autonomy in the area of writing, exploring the use of the process approach as a means to foster its development in terms of students’ emerging writing skills. The study was conducted in the naturalistic settings of three secondary school ESL writing classrooms in Hong Kong involving 70 student participants. Data gathered quantitatively with a questionnaire and qualitatively through self-assessment forms, learners’ journals and case studies suggest that the process approach can reduce students’ reliance on the teacher and their tendency to seek help from others, while leading to growth in their metacognitive knowledge about writing and their knowledge of themselves as writers. These developments are all signs of the emergence of learner autonomy in these young ESL writers. Overall, the findings suggest that the process approach can bring about similar changes in young writers despite variations in the cultural backgrounds and teaching beliefs of its implementers. It is argued that the strength of the process approach may lie in the stimulation of the growth of autonomous skills and attitudes in writing in young learners, and such a strength should be recognized by language educators who view learner autonomy as a major educational goal.
A Study of Impact of Tourism Direct Employment Trends on Tourism Arrivals: An Empirical Analysis of Sri Lankan Context
Authors: Mustafa AMM.
Published: August 2019

Sri Lanka is one of the major tourist attraction destinations in South Asian region. After the economic reforms in 1977, the successive governments implemented various attractive policies and programmes to promote tourism in pursuing economic growth and development. The government further employed a number of initiatives to encourage and attract tourism arrival in the country. In this backdrop, this study is to analyze the impacts of the tourism direct employment trend on tourism arrivals in Sri Lankan context by using the time series data from year 1978 to 2017. The dependent variable used in this study is tourism arrivals. The independent variables are tourism direct employment and tourism Earnings. The tools used to achieve the objective of this study are Correlation Analysis, Multiple Regression, and Residual test. In this study, it is found that the correlation relationship between the variables is very strong. tourism direct employment and Tourism Earnings are directly related with tourists’ arrivals. The data collected have analyzed by using the econometrics software EViews 10. Based on the result recommended that to increase the magnitude of the direction tourism arrival in Sri Lanka, the factors such tourism direct employment and tourism Earnings should play statistically significant roles. This significant role should be considered by the relent authorities in Sri Lanka.
Verborgen strijd in het veiligheidsdomein: over samenwerking tussen politie en gemeente bij de bestuurlijke aanpak van overlast en criminaliteit
Authors: Salet Renze
Published: August 2019

Concealed conflict in the security domain: On inter-organizational cooperation between the police and local government in the governance of disorder and crime

In the Netherlands, over the past 25 years mayors have had an increasing number of formal powers, based on administrative law, to fight against crime and disorder. Now, the Dutch mayors have the power to impose a restraining order, to close houses in case of drugs and/or drugs trade, or to decline a request for a permit when it might be used for illegal activities.

To implement these measures, the local government is highly dependent on (information provided by) the police. At this moment we do not have much information about this cooperation between local government and the police in the management of crime and disorder. This paper is based on an empirical study concerning this issue. It shows that the inter-organizational cooperation between local government and the police may differ strongly, however this cooperation still often depends on central factors and circumstances. An important factor is the (growing) distance between the police and local government in regard to the local approach of problems of crime and disorder. A significant number of local police officers concentrates mainly on the maintenance of law and order by criminal law enforcement instead of the implementation of administrative measures. As a result, local government is often unsatisfied about the contribution of the police. For example, the quality of the information provided by the police is often perceived as insufficient. In some cases local governments try to diminish the degree of interdependency with the police and to strengthen their own position in the local safety domain.
Opinia lokalnej społeczności na temat młodzieżowego ośrodka wychowawczego, młodzieżowego ośrodka socjoterapeutycznego i pogotowia opiekuńczego jako czynnik wpływający na jej poczucie bezpieczeństwa
Authors: Pychner Małgorzata
Published: August 2019

Streszczenie: Celem artykułu jest zidentyfikowanie opinii mieszkańców na temat różnego typu ośrodków wsparcia młodzieży w kontekście poczucia bezpieczeństwa. Podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, w jakim stopniu mieszkańcy miejscowości, w których zlokalizowano młodzieżowy ośrodek wychowawczy, młodzieżowy ośrodek socjoterapeutyczny lub pogotowie opiekuńcze, czują się bezpiecznie oraz w jakim stopniu rodzaj placówki wpływa na wyższy bądź niższy poziom ich poczucia zagrożenia. W pracy przedstawiono także wyniki badań własnych na temat poziomu wiedzy badanych o rodzaju działalności poszczególnych placówek oraz stosunku mieszkańców do ich podopiecznych.
Koncepcje wykładnicze usiłowania popełnienia przestępstwa w wybranych państwach wspólnoty common law
Authors: Jankowska-Prochot Izabela
Published: August 2019

Przedmiotem rozważań w niniejszym artykule jest instytucja usiłowania popełnienia przestępstwa w brytyjskim i irlandzkim prawie karnym. Na tym tle bliższej analizie poddane zostało orzecznictwo oraz stanowisko judykatury. Najobszerniejszą część opracowania stanowi uzasadnienie przyczyn wprowadzenia struktur penalizujących dla etapu poprzedzającego dokonanie oraz analiza pięciu sędziowskich koncepcji wykładniczych pozwalających na karanie owych nagannych choć bezskutkowych zachowań lub zaniechań. Na szczególną uwagę zasługuje fakt, że przedstawiony tekst stanowi wyjątek na polskim rynku wydawniczym, brak na nim bowiem wciąż publikacji przybliżających regulacje prawnokarne w systemie common law.
Systematic approach for migrating to a structured reporting context based on free-text reports and the DICOM Structured Reporting guidelines
Authors: Beckauser Eduardo , Petrolini Vinicius Andreoli , Savaris Alexandre , Wangenheim Aldo Von , Krechel Dirk
Published: August 2019

Even with the many advantages of adopting a structured reporting system, there is little convention on how to disseminate this routine into the report environment. This work proposes a systematic approach to migrate a system routine from free-text reports to structured reports, focusing on the DI- COM Structured Reporting guidelines. We evaluated this proposal by creating a reporting module in the context of a telemedicine system, and performing case study covering ultrasonography reports. Using the AdEQUATE model, the eval- uation showed a high user perception from the system, directly reflecting the quality of our proposal. The results are a set of defined premises and steps that turns a telemedicine system into a complete structured reporting environment.
Projeto Cata-Sopro: Um Joystick de Sopro Baseado em Sensores Eletromagnéticos
Authors: Garcia Igor , Araújo Rafael , Sarinho Victor T.
Published: August 2019

Atualmente, existe a necessidade de incentivar o exercı́cio de sopro de maneira lúdica. Este artigo apresenta o processo de desenvolvimento do Cata- Sopro, um protótipo de controle de videogame que possui como função principal o exercı́cio de sopro. Para tal, esquema de hardware utilizado, controle lógico de funcionamento e os resultados de testes preliminares são descritos. Como resultado, apesar das demandas por testes adicionais de funcionamento e me- lhorias estéticas, um aparelho simples e de baixo custo foi produzido, capaz ser aplicado em terapias fonoaudiologias voltadas para a estimulação de exercı́cios orofaciais desejados.
Implementação de uma Interface Adaptativa para um Sistema de Apoio a Pacientes com Diabetes
Authors: De Freitas Alexandre Adler Cunha , Neto Francisco  Milton Mendes , Silva Salatiel Dantas , Neto Ademar França de Sousa , Domingues Arthur Scardini , Dos Santos Igor  Fernandes , Dos Santos Wesley Adamo Costa , Passos Daniel Deyson Nunes
Published: August 2019

Com os avanços tecnológicos, o tratamento e acompanhamento de doenças como a Diabetes ficou mais fácil. Porém, as interfaces humano- computador desenvolvidas, geralmente, são projetadas na suposição de que serão utilizadas por pessoas com habilidades sensório-motoras e cognitivas normais. Logo, qualquer desvio desses "padrões" pode dificultar o uso desses sistemas. Este é um trabalho em andamento no qual apresentamos um mapeamento das características/dificuldades associadas aos pacientes com Diabetes. Os resultados deste mapeamento foram representados ontologicamente. Visando implementar uma interface adaptativa ao sistema, possibilitando-o adaptar-se de forma dinâmica às necessidades dos usuários.
Uma arquitetura de referência para sistemas de casas inteligentes de apoio ao cuidado à saúde da perspectiva de Sistemas-de-sistemas
Authors: Garcés Lina , Oquendo Flávio , Nakagawa Elisa Yumi
Published: August 2019

Sistemas de casas inteligentes para o cuidado da saúde (em inglês Health- care Supportive Home ou HSH) podem prover serviços de saúde nas residências de pacientes diagnosticados com uma ou múltiplas doenças crônicas, visando princi- palmente a melhoria da qualidade de vida e da autonomia, bem como a diminuição dos custos dos sistemas públicos de saúde. Contudo, sistemas HSH apresentam gran- des desafios principalmente no tocante ao projeto de sua arquitetura e que preci- sam ser de fato tratados visando sua alta qualidade e viabilidade econômica. Além disso, sistemas de HSH são na maioria dos casos constituı́dos por diversos outros sistemas que são complexos, independentes, distribuı́dos e heterogêneos, como por exemplo dispositivos médicos, sistemas de saúde eletrônica (e-Health), sistemas de informação em saúde, entre outros. Dessa forma, eles não devem ser tratados como sistemas monolı́ticos (como atualmente os são), mas sim como Sistemas-de-Sistemas (do inglês, Systems-of-Systems ou SoS). Nesse cenário, o principal objetivo desta tese foi contribuir para o projeto arquitetural de HSH-SoS 1 ; para isso, foi estabelecida a HomecARe, uma arquitetura de referência que dá suporte ao reúso sistemático do conhecimento técnico e de domı́nio, facilitando o projeto e desenvolvimento de HSH-SoS. Para estabelecer a HomecARe, foi adotado um processo sistemático que apoia a engenharia de arquiteturas de referência. Visando analisar a viabilidade e relevância da HomecARe, foi conduzido um amplo estudo de caso no qual a Ho- mecARe foi utilizada para projetar o DiaManT@Home, um HSH-SoS de apoio a pacientes com diabetes mellitus para a autogestão de sua doença. Resultados obti- dos evidenciaram a relevância e viabilidade da HomecARe possibilitando construir HSH-SoS reusáveis, interoperáveis, confiáveis, seguros e adaptativos, sendo inclu- sive uma contribuição inédita para a área de saúde eletrônica, e trazendo avanços nas áreas de arquitetura de referência e SoS.
Análise e Reconhecimento de Dor em Imagens 2D Frontais de Recém-Nascidos a Termo e Saudáveis
Authors: Teruel Gilberto F. , Heiderich Tatiany  M. , Guinsburg Ruth , Thomaz Carlos E.
Published: August 2019

Esse artigo propõe uma sequência de procedimentos computacionais para detecção, interpretação e classificação de padrões em imagens bidimen- sionais frontais de faces para reconhecimento automático de dor em recém- nascidos. Usando transformações de dados e extrações de características esta- tísticas de um banco de imagens reais de recém-nascidos a termo e saudáveis, foi possível abstrair e modelar a subjetividade dos profissionais de saúde trei- nados, quantificando o conhecimento humano na tarefa de reconhecimento de dor permitindo uma identificação automática. Tais resultados foram compara- dos com classificações das mesmas imagens, com base na escala de dor NFCS, pelos mesmos profissionais.
Geometria substituta de mama baseada na retirada manual de curvas de termogramas para estimativa de parâmetros termofísicos mamários
Authors: De Queiroz Júnior José Reginaldo Alves , De Lima Rita de Cássia Fernandes
Published: August 2019

A termografia vem sendo proposta como uma ferramenta auxiliar no rastreio do câncer de mama. Essas imagens também são utilizadas na validação de simulações numéricas tridimensionais. A produção de um modelo mais realístico e personalizado possibilitaria uma estimativa mais precisa das propriedades termofísicas da mama. Este trabalho teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento de uma metodologia para a produção de uma geometria tridimensional personalizada da mama a partir das curvas extraídas dos termogramas contidos no Banco de Dados de Imagens Termográficas da UFPE.
Wittgenstein, Peirce, and Death
Authors: Stango Marco ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2019

The paper presents a Peircean criticism of Wittgenstein’s views on death. By exploring the notion of ‘limit’ central to both Wittgenstein and Peirce, the paper claims that a Peircean pragmatic notion of death can retain the advantages of Wittgenstein’s ‘limit’ notion of death without incurring the shortcomings of the latter, which I identify with semantic and metaphysical externality. I conclude by sketching out some consequences of the Peircean view for a metaphysics of death.
The Ecology of Ahiṃsā
Authors: Paul Kalpita Bhar ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2019

In this age of environmental crisis, Jainism is regarded worldwide as one of the first religions to have developed an environmental ethic, based on its practice of ahiṃsā (nonviolence). This article attempts to critically engage with the concept of ahiṃsā in its recently evolving forms—from a religious concept to its current portrayal as an environmental ethic. By explaining how ahiṃsā becomes the central concept of Jainism, tying together its ethics, theology, and ecology, this article establishes that the current global portrayal of ahiṃsā by Jains, more than being driven by environmental concerns, is directed toward attaining liberation through reducing karmic impressions on souls. The article discerns the differences between Jain practice of ahiṃsā and ahiṃsā as an environmental ethos; it argues that to recognize ahiṃsā as an environmental ethic a broader reconceptualization is required beyond the way it is currently conceptualized in Jainism.
Taxonomy of the genus Neopanorpa van der Weele, 1909 (Mecoptera, Panorpidae) from the Oriental Region, with the description of two new species
Authors: Wang Ji-Shen , Hua Bao-Zhen
Published: August 2019

Neopanorpa van der Weele, 1909 is the second largest genus in Panorpidae, and over 170 Oriental species have been reported hitherto. In this paper, we describe two new species: Neopanorpa luojishana sp. nov. and Neopanorpa xingmini sp. nov. from Southwest China. We also report the first discovery of the male of Neopanorpa ocellaris (Navás, 1908) from Guangxi and Guizhou, China, a species recorded from Sikkim previously. Neopanorpa brevivalvae Chou & Wang, 1988 is synonymized with Neopanorpa lungtaushana Cheng, 1957. In addition, Neopanorpa furcula nom. nov. is proposed for Neopanorpa furcata Zhou, 2005, a junior homonym preoccupied by Neopanorpa furcata (Hardwicke, 1825). The biogeographical implications of some Neopanorpa species are discussed in brief.
Literacy and social issues topics at Society of American Archivists meeting
Authors: Martin Robert S.
Published: August 2019

Literacy and social issues topics at Society of American Archivists meeting
Global data issues raised at IASSIST’s 17th annual conference
Authors: Geraci Diane
Published: August 2019

Global data issues raised at IASSIST’s 17th annual conference
WHCLIS: The White House Conference and the National Research and Education Network: A timely partnership
Authors: Bishop David
Published: August 2019

WHCLIS: The White House Conference and the National Research and Education Network: A timely partnership
WCHLIS: Getting connected to the White House Conference through the ACRL Legislative Network
Authors: Davis Hiram L.
Published: August 2019

WCHLIS: Getting connected to the White House Conference through the ACRL Legislative Network
Research materials: Now only keystrokes away
Authors: Casorso Tracy M.
Published: August 2019

Research materials: Now only keystrokes away
Research and academic librarians: A global view
Authors: Sharma R.N.
Published: August 2019

Research and academic librarians: A global view
ACRL Guidelines: Guidelines regarding thefts in libraries
Authors: Library Association American
Published: August 2019

ACRL Guidelines: Guidelines regarding thefts in libraries
THE CLASSIFIED ADS
Authors: Library Association American
Published: August 2019

THE CLASSIFIED ADS
Standards for college libraries, 1995 edition, draft
Authors: Library Association American
Published: August 2019

Standards for college libraries, 1995 edition, draft
House, Street, City: Le Corbusier’s Research Towards a New Urban Interior
Authors: Martinelli Patrizio M.
Published: August 2019

Le Corbusier’s investigations, conducted between the 1910s and the 1930s, were focused on a new relationship between street and building. This research started from texts about the city, in particular, the writings of Eugène Hénard’s. These essays, dating back to 1903-1909, dealt with the necessity of a renewed strategy for the urban street, breaking down the monotony and the problems related to the sequence of buildings and creating a series of places as squares, gardens, and open courtyards: actual urban rooms between streets an buildings. Learning from those texts, Le Corbusier worked on a series of polemical writings about the rue corridor, collected in particular in The City of Tomorrow, Precisions and The Radiant City. A series of projects explored to the extreme consequences the topic: the Dom-ino building principle used for collective housing evolved to the redent, detached from the infrastructure, and the immeuble villa, with its inhabited façades. Finally, the curved redent for the Plan Obus in Algiers transformed the street itself into a "building as city" flowing in the landscape. The essay follows how Le Corbusier transforms the street and its traditional urban components in interior elements inside the buildings.
Breaking the Binary Oppositions of the Interior: A Momentary Permanence
Authors: Adams Roderick , Marlor Lucy
Published: August 2019

The previously static view of the interior is changing, as social, economic and cultural factors produce a new requirement for building flexibility and potentially forcing a change to the normal spatial paradigms. There is an emerging altered dynamic between building, interior and user, posing the question – when does architecture become the interior? Conceptions of the future interior give renewed focus to the more flexible void space, over the opposing static architectural shell. By adjusting the realms of contact within a space and limiting the influence of architecture, the user is re-envisioned as a central adjudicator of spatial experience. Provocatively, conceiving the interior as a more temporal or fluid entity, we may liberate its relationship with its immovable and constant architectural keeper. This paper will argue the dynamic city structure is driving a new conception of the interior and its place within society and architecture.
Tokyo’s Kyōshō Jūtaku: Nature through the Inside, Outside and the In-Between
Authors: Klasto Cathryn
Published: August 2019

Born out of conversations with Japanese architects, as well as intimate spatial encounters with small houses (kyōshō jūtaku) in Tokyo, this paper discusses the way in which nature emerges and functions within fourth generation small housing design. Japan’s relationship with nature has generated many interconnecting architectural layers over centuries, arising out of culture, religion and the practicalities and consequences of the country’s economy, climate and experiences of natural disasters. These layers have fostered a deep and complex connection to land, and as a result, there is still a high value placed on owning one’s own plot, no matter how small. Despite how most city-based plots are often accompanied by high taxes and complicated building regulations; the lure of the land prevails.
Due to domestic plot sizes rapidly reducing after the burst of the Bubble Economy in 1992, kyōshō jūtaku became a reality for those wanting to remain within the greater Tokyo area. A consequence of this reduction was that Tokyoites had less domestic contact with nature, as gardens became a luxury that most could not afford. Therefore, architects designing kyōshō jūtaku began to creatively consider new and innovative ways nature could be reclaimed and experienced through design. Through discussing examples of Tokyo’s kyōshō jūtakuin relation to inside, outside and the in-between, this paper traces how current connective and fluid manifestations of nature contribute to the destabilisation of the public-private boundary. It demonstrates how nature plays a fundamental role in building more open relationships with the city, relationships which in turn allow small houses to function as critical micro-spaces within Tokyo’s thriving urban ecology.
The Visual Mechanisms of Seeing in Experiencing the Interior
Authors: Sengke Maria M. C. , Mustikawati Triandriani
Published: August 2019

This paper discusses the visual mechanisms of seeing and their significance in experiencing an interior space. The discussion investigates what the observers can obtain from seeing activities. The aim is to emphasise on the role of seeing as a way of constructing the relation between human and the interior environment. The paper explores the mechanisms of seeing by focusing on two different ways, which are seeing in a static position from a point of observation, and seeing while moving through a path of observation. The exploration in a hospital setting finds out that seeing from a point of observation gave a visual range determined by the body's shaft motion, head motion, and eye movement. This way of seeing produces visual information on interior space, which consists of vertical and horizontal fields. Seeing while moving will create a path of observation that gave an optical flow containing dynamic and continuous visual information. The understanding of seeing mechanisms in interior environment can generate a design with better human-interior relation.