bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Divorţialitatea în prima jumătate a secolului al XX-lea.
Studiu de caz: localitatea Almaş (judeţul Arad)
Authors:   Complexul Muzeal Arad, Oarcea Felicia Aneta
Published: December 2024

The family life cycle subjected divorce rates to demographic analysis, as divorce was considered by both the church and the community to be a behavioral deviation from the moral norms concerning marital life. The examination of divorce among Orthodox Romanians in the locality of Almaș, Arad County, in the first half of the 20th century, based on civil status registers preserved at the church, made it possible to ascertain marital stability, identify case studies, and observe the dynamics of divorces. The few church divorce sentences found in these documents certify the procedure of ecclesiastical divorce, which was arduous and costly. The procedural similarities and the seemingly unchanged mentalities of rural Transylvanian communities contributed, to some extent, to maintaining the supremacy of the church as a symbol of Romanian identity.
Repere din activitatea muncitorilor brutari arădeni
în perioada interbelică
Authors:   Serviciul Arhive Naționale Istorice Centrale București, Dincă Marius-Claudiu
Published: December 2024

Our study focuses on the bakers` labor union in the city of Arad, during the interwar years, their activity, their goals and the rapports with owners of the businesses and public authorities. This research is based on the information provided by the records in the National Archives of Romania, Division of National Historical Central Archives in Bucharest and, aside from them, on the data obtained from publications and press of the time. Based on the 1921 Act of Professional Unions, a union of baker workers had been established in Arad and was dissolved due to its’ presumed Communist affiliation in 1930. By 1934 a new union was formed, a Social-democrat one this time. The labor union of the food industry workers (the official name of the bakeries workers` union in Arad) has had some feuds with the businessmen concerning the wages and working environment in bakeries. In the meantime, the union led by Iuliu Vörös had tried to help the unemployed workers by throwing parties for charity. In some occasions members of the union were suspected to be Communists and that brought them into secret police`s (Siguranță) attention.
The dynamics of the communist rise: an analysis of the archival documents regarding the Romanian Communist Party in Mureș county (1944-1945)
Authors:   Institutul de Cercetări Socio-Umane „Gheorghe Șincai” al Academiei Române din Târgu Mureș, Mașca Corina
Published: December 2024

This study analyses the rise of the Romanian Communist Party in Mureș County after World War II. It utilises archival sources, local press, and specialized works to examine how the Romanian Communist Party capitalized on post-WWII instability to expand its influence in Mureș County. The Party faced challenges like low ideological receptivity and limited resources but overcame them through strategic actions. These included installing left-wing officials, purging opponents, promising social equality, and utilizing propaganda. The Party's success is attributed to both the favorable political context and its effective strategies. However, the numerical growth may be inflated by opportunism or fear, highlighting the need for critical analysis of communist data. This work contributes to the understanding of communist history, party establishment, and propaganda techniques.
A REVIEW OF VARIOUS HEAT EXCHANGER ABOARD AUTONOMOUS SHIP
Authors: Fikri Bintang , Barokah Barokah
Published: December 2024

Heat exchanger is one of the important device aboard the ship to reduce heat and prevent the overheating as overheating in the ship could damage the machinery used in the ship. There are parameters to be considered in the design, and operating the heat exchanger, especially in the autonomous ship. In this paper, a general review is provided of developments and improvements on heat exchanger and its relevance in an autonomous ship. Based on the finding, the design and heat exchanger typing should be adapted well to the applications in which they are used. As the usage in an autonomous ship, an risk and reliability assessment of heat exchanger have to be analyzed. Lastly, the development of heat transfer usage in an autonomous ship is still in the stage of monitoring and measuring the operating parameter. The maintenace and correction of the failures still need human presence.
EFFICIENCY OF ANIMAL FOLDING CONTAINER / GOODS CONTAINER (CARGO) SUPPORTING SEA TOLL
Authors: Sutini Sutini , Handadjani Mudji Astuti , Ismiyati Ismiyati
Published: December 2024

The islands in Indonesia can only be connected through the seas between the islands. The sea is not a separator, but a unifier of various islands, regions and regions of Indonesia. Only through inter-island inter-coastal relations can the unity of Indonesia be realized. Shipping that connects the islands is the lifeblood of life as well as unifying the nation and state of Indonesia. The Port of Tenau Kupang is a fairly large sea port in the province of East Nusa Tenggara. Throughout the year, ships arrive at the port to transport various kinds of goods. One of the cargoes loaded at the port dock is general cargo. At this time, almost all general cargo is shipped using containers because it is considered safer during transportation and the loading process is faster. Therefore, loading of containers into ships has to be carried out using ship's cranes, but sometimes also assisted by mobile cranes from land. Thus, the time for unloading containers from ships is relatively long. The purpose of the voyage by bringing beef cattle other than to Surabaya is to Banjarmasin. Wooden ships departing from ports of origin such as Bima and Sheets to Banjarmasin, in addition to carrying cattle, also carry other agricultural products such as shallots, soybeans, and salt. Meanwhile, ships departing from the destinations of Bima and Sheets to Surabaya generally carry corn, soybeans, and cattle. The folding container model for transporting animals from Kupang - Surabaya supports the marine highway. . The purpose of this research is the selection of animal folding container models as a supporter of the Kupang – Surabaya sea toll route help expedite logistics delivery and help the welfare of the community, both in food delivery (living things, even ready-to-eat), while making containers as a special model for animal loads has a huge impact on the distribution of food needs. Based on the binomial logit method in the selection of modes here, it will get what percentage of the choice of modes to be selected, then simulated with the degree of preference of users of transportation mode services which are analyzed using the stated preference method. The research method is a mix of descriptive - quantitative methods. The result of this research is a folding container ship transportation model as a supporter of the marine highway.
A Study of the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Digital Marketing - A Systematic Review of Literature
Authors:   Research Scholar, Vishwakarma University, Pune, Email: atul.ibmrd@gmail.com, Nimbalkar Atul A. , Singh Archana ,   Vishwakarma University, Pune, Email: archana.singh@vupune.ac.in
Published: December 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been a major development in recent times, with more and more
research being done on this technology. With the advent of AI, organisations are evolving to
meet new levels of customer satisfaction by leveraging it to execute different tasks, such as
personal assistant services. This study aims to review the impact of artificial intelligence on digital
marketing. The study identifies key developments in artificial intelligence and reveals how digital
marketing has changed due to these developments. It also seeks to understand the impact of
AI on customer experience and brand loyalty, how companies leverage AI to predict customers'
increasingly intricate needs, and how AI influences decision-making among marketers. The
search used three significant databases: Web of Science (WOS), Scopus and Google Scholar. A
comprehensive research methodology was used to compile relevant literature. Three reviewers
conducted thorough literature searches across multiple databases, screening studies against the
inclusion criteria, extracting data from the included articles, and validating the extracted data.
Factors Influencing Self-Reliance in Defence Capabilities of India: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors:   Research Scholar, Xavier Institute of Management and Entrepreneurship, Bangalore (A recognized Research Centre of the University of Mysore), Email: georgejacob@xime.org, Jacob George , Bhatta N.M.K. ,   Dean, Ph.D. Programme, Xavier Institute of Management and Entrepreneurship, Bangalore, (A recognized Research Centre of the University of Mysore) Email: nmbhatta@xime.org
Published: December 2024

India is the fifth-largest economy and one of the fastest-growing economies in the world. It has a
well-established defence industry in both the public and private sectors, and the Defence Research
and Development Organisation (DRDO) to develop indigenous technologies.
Several initiatives have been introduced to strengthen the domestic defence industry, including the
‘Make in India’ campaign that increased foreign direct investment in defence companies, grants to
support defence start-ups, and a negative import list for defence products. However, India remains
heavily dependent on imports of foreign arms. This study focuses on understanding the relationships
between various factors impacting India’s achievement of self-reliance in defence capability.
Aspects such as defence budget affordability and allocation, envisaged defence capability to face
security risks, development of innovative defence technologies, embracing new warfare concepts
in keeping with emerging trends and current defence acquisition processes and procedures to
enhance self-reliance have been analysed through a Systematic Literature Survey. Based on these
inputs, India has presented a conceptual model for achieving self-reliance in defence capabilities.
Atherosclerosis Immediate Prospects
Authors:   Physicist, RosNOU, Russia, Ermoshkin Vladimir Ivanovich
Published: December 2024

The new Theory of atherosclerosis declares that it was mainly possible
to substantiate the etiology and pathogenesis of this insidious disease.
In the process of proving a New Theory, it was possible to find the
missing link, which was not taken into account by all researchers
for many decades. The missing link is the constant loss of arterial
blood volume in a person. An experimental model is proposed
for experimental proof of the correctness of the New Theory of
atherosclerosis.
Supraventricular Tachycardia Ablation and Effects on Anxiety Medications
Authors:   Department of Medicine, University of Texas at San Antonio, TX, USA, Mahmoud Mohamed
Published: December 2024

Patients with true paroxysmal supraventricular
tachycardia (SVT) are frequently misdiagnosed with panic or anxiety
disorders due to similar symptoms of palpitations, light-headedness,
dyspnea, or chest discomfort. Unrecognized SVT can lead to
unnecessary management with anxiety medications. Treatment
of SVT with catheter ablation may lead to a reduction in anxiety
medications.
Oral Lichen Planus: A Various Forms Disease
Authors:   Oral surgeon attached to department of Oral Surgery and implantology, Foundation Adolphe de Rothschild Hospital, France, Steven PEREZ
Published: December 2024

Oral lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease that can appear in
several clinical subtypes as reticular, papular, plaque like, vesiculo-bullous
and the most evolved from the erosive type. These lesions are often met
in oral pathology leading to different levels of pain and difficulties in
everyday life that is why it is important to be able to take care of these
patients.
A Case of Cortical Blindness Presenting as Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) with Probable SLE
Authors:   Associate Professor, Medicine, Ad-din Women’s medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Gomes Richmond Ronald
Published: December 2024

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a reversible
clinico-radiological entity characterized by seizure, headaches, visual
symptoms, impaired consciousness and other focal neurological
findings. It is caused by a wide variety of causes ultimately leading
to a white matter vasogenic cerebral edema of occipital and parietal
lobes of the brain predominantly. We present here a young woman
with headache, generalized tonic–clonic seizures and cortical
blindness in a late postpartum stage. Reversibility of the symptoms
and characteristic imaging findings led us to a diagnosis of PRES
in our patient. While searching for etiology her ANA and lupus
anti-coagulant came positive with presence of dysmorphic RBC in
urine. The patient improved after management with intravenous
fluids, antibiotics, antiepileptics and monitoring of blood pressure.
If recognized and treated early, the clinical syndrome commonly
resolves within a week. A high index of suspicion and prompt
treatment can reduce morbidity, mortality and pave the path for early
recovery.
LA PARTICIPACIÓN CIUDADANA EN EL MARCO DEL GOBIERNO ABIERTO
Authors: Signorelli Gisela Vanina , Guardamagna Melina
Published: December 2024

Citizen participation is one of the pillars of Open Government (OG) along with transparency and collaboration. However, his notion of participation seems to be merely instrumental and even rhetorical; because it does not prioritize dimensions that are central to the processes where citizens get involved and try to influence policies to resolve public problems.
The debate on participation - something suspended and circular - requires new questions to analyze it within the framework of the OP. Consequently, the questions that guide this work are the following: What are the variables and dimensions that the concept of citizen participation incorporates from the OP approach? Does it contemplate territorial specificities that make participatory and collaborative processes possible? How does this model incorporate the dynamics of territorial actors in their relationship with the government and vice versa?
To answer them, in a first preliminary exercise, the Argentine case will be used, based on the study of the functioning of the “Mesa Nacional” (MN) and the creation processes of the National Action Plans, mainly the fourth (2019-2021) and the fifth (2022-2024). Its approach has been done with the support of a matrix for the Monitoring and Evaluation of Participatory Practices (Guardamagna, 2023) and through in-depth interviews with key actors and documentary analysis. The main result refers to the fact that, although progress is observed in the incorporation of participation within the framework of the National Plans of OG in Argentina, it is of an instrumental nature, captured by few actors, with low representative character at the federal level and low levels of influence outside the “Mesa Nacional”. The OG agenda is not part of the civil society agenda and such agendas are not part of the OG agenda. Furthermore, the dimensions provided by the OGP to assess participation are reduced to the procedural.
Online Safety Model for Young Learners: A Comprehensive Review of Participatory Design Strategies
Authors: Omambia Andrew
Published: December 2024

As young people increasingly engage in online activities, particularly for learning purposes, their practices are influenced by their circumstances and needs in the digital age. However, there is a broader concept encompassing the need for young people to develop novel skills to effectively and safely navigate the evolving digital media environment. In light of these challenges, this study is guided by two key research questions that is to what  extent are young learners safe online?, what technologies are available to ensure online safety?. The study holds significant importance in addressing the challenges faced by young learners in the increasingly digitalized world. The review concentrated on academic publications spanning from 2013 to 2020 and utilized various online databases such as ACM Digital Library, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, DARE, and popular databases like Gale. A number of key insights emerged from this study including risk does not necessarily lead to harm among the young people, however, more often than not, this is the case and young people are exposed to both risks as well as harm. Young people understand that engaging in online environments come with various responsibilities. Policy and practices that respond to online safety of young people ought to consider ways in which they can maximize the benefits. It is essential to protect young learners online and ensure that their safety is guaranteed. Even the best and widely used software should be secured and be made safe for young learners since they are the most vulnerable and targeted online. The study proposed the following recommendations: Understanding the target audience will help guide the design process. Engage with young learners throughout the design process to gather their input and feedback. Ensure that the online learning experience prioritizes privacy and security. Ensure online learning experience is accessible to all learners, including those with disabilities.
Magt og anerkendelse i dialogdispositivet
Authors: Juel Jacobsen Alice , Larsen Gorm
Published: December 2024

Artiklen tager afsæt i den dialogiske vending, hvor den ligeværdige dialog er et udbredt ideal som praksisform. Idealet omfatter inddragelse og anerkendelse af borgere, brugere, patienter, studerende, medarbejdere i nærdemokrati, beslutningsprocesser, i organisationer og på arbejdspladser. I artiklen næranalyserer vi en coachingsamtale mellem en leder og en medarbejder i en social institution med henblik på forståelse af udfoldelsen af det dialogiske ideal. Artiklen har et metodeudviklende perspektiv, idet vi sammenknytter etnometodologi og konversationsanalyse (EMCA) med Michel Foucaults magtanalytik, dispositivbegreb og teknologiforståelse. Med denne kombination af traditionelt adskilte fagtraditioner identificerer vi næranalytisk, hvordan magten konkret udfolder sig, og med hvilke sociale teknologier den sætter sit præg på de involverede parters handlerum. Dette afsæt giver et konkret indblik i anerkendelsens magtpotentiale og reguleringsteknologier. Vi har i analysen desuden et fokus på medarbejdermagten som et hidtil overset fænomen i forskningslitteraturen, hvorimod lederens rolle tidligere er belyst fra forskellige magtforståelser. Vi viser, hvordan medarbejderens potentielle magtmuligheder øges og konkret anvendes, når lederen anvender en anerkendende coachende ledelsestilgang. Samlet set præsenterer artiklen et analytisk, metodisk design med en eksemplarisk analyse af magtaspekter i tilknytning til den dialogiske vendings fremkomst og bidrager således til den hidtidige forskningslitteratur inden for feltet etnografisk-interaktionistiske studier.
Invers kasusattraktion i dansk, norsk og svensk
Authors: Rix Johannsen Oliver
Published: December 2024

Denne artikel sammenligner distributionen af kasusformer i 3p.pl. (de – dem) i konstruktionen {pronomen + relativsætning} i dansk, norsk (bokmål) og svensk. To nye undersøgelser af pronominalkasus i subjekt og som styrelse for præpositionen til/till i norsk og svensk samt udvalgte resultater fra tre tidligere undersøgelser af konstruktionen i dansk udgør grundlaget for sammenligningen. Reglerne for valg af kasus som de er fremlagt i standardgrammatikkerne, diskuteres, og jeg vurderer at de heri fremsatte forklaringer på brugen af nominativ for oblik er utilstrækkelige. Den såkaldte artikelanalyse afvises, og i stedet argumenteres der for at nominativ for oblik i styrelser bedst forklares som tilfælde af invers kasusattraktion. I subjekter er der i norsk og svensk dog ikke grund til at antage andet end hovedreglen, og i dansk forklares oblik for nominativ bedre af andre regler end af invers kasusattraktion.
OPTIMISATION OF THE BENEFICIATION PROCESS OF CHROMITE SAND TO PRODUCE RAW MATERIAL FOR RAPID SAND-CASTING PURPOSES
Authors: Tshabalala Neo , Nyembwe Kasongo
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on optimising the beneficiation process of South African chromite sand for use in rapid sand-casting applications, particularly for three-dimensional printing (3DP). South Africa’s vast chromite reserves provide a unique opportunity to produce high-quality chromite sand that is tailored for modern manufacturing needs. By identifying critical steps in the beneficiation process, such as crushing, grinding, and impurity removal, this research aims to enhance the quality and consistency of the final product. The optimised chromite sand demonstrates improved thermal stability and particle distribution, making it suitable for the stringent requirements of 3DP in sand casting.
„Usługa” na infrastrukturalnych rynkach paliw i energii w świetle swobody przedsiębiorczości i swobody usług
Authors: Muras Zdzisław
Published: December 2024

Niniejsze opracowanie ma na celu przybliżenie pojawiających się w praktyce stosowania prawa wątpliwości związanych z zakresem pojęcia „usługa” na energetycznych rynkach infrastrukturalnych w kontekście regulacji europejskich i krajowych. Przedmiotem rozważań objęto także pojęcie „usług w ogólnym interesie gospodarczym”. Autor, po przeprowadzeniu szerokiej kwerendy literatury przedmiotu i orzecznictwa, podjął próbę wypracowania najbardziej jednoznacznego podejścia do zarysowanego przedmiotu badania. Właściwa bowiem kwalifikacja danego działania jako usługi lub działalności gospodarczej nie ma li tylko charakteru teoretycznego. Wywołuje ona bowiem daleko idące implikacje gospodarcze w zakresie wykonywania danej działalności, zwłaszcza w kontekście przepisów i orzecznictwa europejskiego.
Research progress of regulation of physical properties of two-dimensional materials based on thermal scanning probe lithography
Authors: ZHAO Shijie , MA Haonan , LIU Xia ,   School of Integrated Circuit and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Published: December 2024

With the continuous development of micro-scale exploration, micro/nano fabrication technologies, represented by photolithography and various etching processes, have been widely used for fabricating micro- and nanoscale structures and devices. These developments have driven innovation in fields such as integrated circuits, micro-nano optoelectronic devices, and micro-electromechanical systems, while also bringing new opportunities to fundamental scientific research, including the study of microscopic property regulation mechanisms. In recent years, as an emerging micro-nano fabrication technology, thermal scanning probe lithography (t-SPL) has shown promise and unique advantages in applications related to the fabrication and property regulation of two-dimensional materials, as well as the creation of nanoscale grayscale structures. By employing the fabrication methods such as material removal and modification, t-SPL can be used as an advanced technology for regulating two-dimensional material properties, or directly effectively regulating various properties of two-dimensional materials, thereby significantly improving the performance of two-dimensional material devices, or advancing fundamental scientific research on the micro/nano scale. This paper starts with the principles and characteristics of t-SPL, analyzes the recent research progress of the micro-nano fabrication and property modulation of two-dimensional materials, including several researches achieved by using t-SPL as the core fabrication methods, such as direct patterning, strain engineering, and reaction kinetics research of two-dimensional materials. Finally, the challenges in t-SPL technology are summarized, the corresponding possible solutions are proposed, and the promising applications of this technology are explored.
Social Experience Shapes Fighting Strategies for Reproductive Success
Authors: Gao Can , Ma Mingze , Chen Jie , Ji Xiaoxiao , Peng Qionglin , Pan Yufeng
Published: December 2024

Social isolation generally increases aggression but decreases mating competition, resulting in an intricate and ambiguous relationship between social experience, aggression, and reproductive success. In male
Drosophila
, aggression is often characterized by lunging, a frequent and comparatively gentle combat behavior. Here, we establish a behavioral paradigm for studying a less frequent but more vigorous fighting form known as tussling. We discover that while social enrichment decreases lunging, aligning with past observations, it heightens the more forceful tussling behavior. These two forms of aggression rely on different olfactory receptor neurons, specifically Or67d for lunging and Or47b for tussling. We further identify three pairs of central pC1 neurons that specifically promote tussling. Moreover, shifting from lunging to tussling in socially enriched males facilitates better territory control and mating success, mitigating the disadvantages associated with aging. These findings reveal how social experience shapes fighting strategies to optimize reproductive success.
The interplay between homeostatic synaptic scaling and homeostatic structural plasticity maintains the robust firing rate of neural networks
Authors: Lu Han , Diaz Sandra , Lenz Maximilian , Vlachos Andreas
Published: December 2024

Critical network states and neural plasticity are essential for flexible behavior in dynamic envi-ronments, allowing for efficient information processing and experience-dependent learning. Synaptic-weight-based Hebbian plasticity and homeostatic synaptic scaling were considered the key mechanisms in enabling memory while stabilizing network dynamics. However, the role of structural plasticity as a homeostatic mechanism is less consistently reported, especially under activity inhibition, leading to an incomplete understanding of its functional impact. In this study, we combined live-cell microscopy of eGPF-labeled neurons in organotypic entorhinal-hippocampal tissue cultures with computational modeling to investigate the response of spine-number-based structural plasticity to activity perturba-tions and its interaction with homeostatic synaptic scaling. Tracking individual dendritic segments, we demonstrated that inhibiting excitatory neurotransmission does not monotonically regulate den-dritic spine density. Specifically, inhibition of AMPA receptors with a low concentration of 2,3-dioxo-6-nitro-7-sulfamoyl-benzo[f]quinoxaline (NBQX, 200 nM) significantly increased spine density, while complete AMPA receptors blockade with 50
µ
M NBQX reduced spine density. Motivated by these findings, we developed network simulations incorporating a bi-phasic structural plasticity rule governing activity-dependent synapse formation. We showed that this biphasic rule maintained neu-ral activity homeostasis under stimulation and permitted either synapse formation or synapse loss, depending on the degree of activity deprivation. Homeostatic synaptic scaling affected the recurrent connectivity, modulated the network activity, and influenced the outcome of structural plasticity. Specifically, it reduced stimulation-triggered synapse loss by downscaling synaptic weights and res-cued silencing-induced synapse loss by upscaling recurrent inputs, thus reactivating silent neurons. Our interaction between these mechanisms offers an explanation for divergent findings in the existing literature. In summary, calcium-based synaptic scaling and homeostatic structural plasticity rules compete and compensate for one another, ensuring efficient and robust control of firing rate home-ostasis.
Dimeric R25CPTH(1-34) Activates the Parathyroid Hormone-1 Receptor in vitro and Stimulates Bone Formation in Osteoporotic Female Mice
Authors: Noh Minsoo , Che Xiangguo , Jin Xian , Lee Dong-Kyo , Kim Hyun-Ju , Park Doo Ri , Lee Soo Young , Lee Hunsang , Gardella Thomas , Choi Je-Yong , Lee Sihoon
Published: December 2024

Osteoporosis, characterized by reduced bone density and strength, increases fracture risk, pain, and limits mobility. Established therapies of Parathyroid hormone (PTH) analogs effectively promote bone formation and reduce fractures in severe osteoporosis, their use is limited by potential adverse effects. In the pursuit of safer osteoporosis treatments, we investigated
R25C
PTH, a PTH variant wherein the native arginine at position 25 is substituted by cysteine. These studies were prompted by our finding of high bone mineral density in a hypoparathyroidism patient with the R25C homozygous mutation, and we explored its effects on PTH type-1 receptor (PTH1R) signaling in cells and bone metabolism in mice. Our findings indicate that
R25C
PTH(1-84) forms dimers both intracellularly and extracellularly, and the synthetic dimeric peptide,
R25C
PTH(1-34), exhibits altered activity in PTH1R-mediated cAMP response. Upon a single injection in mice, dimeric
R25C
PTH(1-34) induced acute calcemic and phosphaturic responses comparable to PTH(1-34). Furthermore, repeated daily injections increased calvarial bone thickness in intact mice and improved trabecular and cortical bone parameters in ovariectomized (OVX) mice, akin to PTH(1-34). The overall results reveal a capacity of a dimeric PTH peptide ligand to activate the PTH1R
in vitro
and
in vivo
as PTH, suggesting a potential path of therapeutic PTH analog development.
Aplicação de ferramentas da qualidade em um restaurante: propostas para melhoria da segurança alimentar
Authors: Silva Ivanilza da , Rodrigues Fabiana Carvalho , Rocha Juliana de Cássia Gomes , Cardoso Wilton Soares , Pinheiro Flávia de Abreu
Published: December 2024

A aplicação de ferramentas de gestão da qualidade em serviços de alimentação é imprescindível para a segurança dos alimentos. Objetivou-se implementar ferramentas da qualidade em um restaurante atrativo turístico do município de Venda Nova do Imigrante-ES. Elaborou-se um checklist com 121 itens baseados na legislação vigente, visando analisar as condições higiênico-sanitárias e demais requisitos de boas práticas. Posteriormente, elaborou-se um plano de ação para as não conformidades, implementou-se as ferramentas da qualidade: fluxogramas, folhas de verificação e Programa 5S, e realizou-se um treinamento com os manipuladores. Para divulgação do sistema da qualidade do restaurante, sugeriu-se a ferramenta QR Code. Comparando-se os dados do diagnóstico inicial e final, observou-se melhoria no atendimento do estabelecimento à legislação, de 52,9% para 74,4% de conformidade. Destacaram-se os quesitos: manipuladores; matérias-primas, ingredientes e embalagens; preparação do alimento; armazenamento do alimento preparado; exposição do alimento para consumo e responsabilidade, respectivamente com 90%, 100%, 83,3%, 100%, 88,9% e 100% de conformidade. O Programa 5S possibilitou maior organização do depósito de ingredientes e embalagens, e das câmaras de congelamento e resfriamento, otimizando as atividades diárias. Os fluxogramas facilitaram o entendimento de processos pelos manipuladores. As folhas de verificação contribuíram para o controle e registro de parâmetros, como temperatura de armazenamento de ingredientes e de alimentos preparados. O treinamento promoveu maior conscientização dos colaboradores para cumprimento das boas práticas. Diante disso, ressalta-se a importância da implementação de ferramentas da qualidade e capacitação dos manipuladores, visando a melhoria contínua dos serviços de alimentação e, portanto, produção de alimentos seguros.
Assessing the Economic and Health Impacts of Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Multivariate Analysis
Authors: Aji David Adashu , Dadzie S. Kokou
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the impact of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on two critical outcomes: gross domestic product (GDP) and death rate (DR), using secondary data from Nigeria spanning 1960–2011. Unlike previous studies, this research incorporates DR as a measure of health impacts alongside GDP, providing a holistic view of GHG emissions' effects. Utilizing multiple linear regression and canonical correlation analyses, the study reveals significant associations between emissions and both dependent variables. Key findings indicate that while gaseous emissions positively influence GDP, liquid and solid emissions negatively affect it. Conversely, solid emissions show a strong positive relationship with DR, highlighting their health risks. These results underscore the dual challenge of balancing economic growth with public health in addressing GHG emissions. The study's insights offer valuable guidance for policymakers aiming to design effective climate mitigation strategies.
CRISPR/Cas9 Construct Development for Knock-out of Root Architecture Associated 1 Gene in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Arpita Acharya , Bhavya G , P.S Abida , A.G. Kiran , R. Preetha , C.J Melna Mary , Krishna G.K.
Published: December 2024

Deeper rooting is an important trait for sustained yield under water-limited environments, as drought exhibits serious threat to rice (Oryza sativa L.) production. To mitigate the challenge, we aimed to modify the Oryza sativa ROOT ARCHITECTURE ASSOCIATED 1 (OsRAA1) gene, one of the key regulators of the cell cycle that manipulates root development, using CRISPR/Cas9 system. We used CRISPR-P v2.0 tool to select two spacer sequences targeting OsRAA1 gene. Validation of the guide RNAs (gRNAs) was conducted by analyzing their secondary structure using RNA secondary structure prediction tool. Two efficient sgRNAs were selected considering their GC content, on-target values, location on the gene, off-target sites and their location, secondary structures etc., adjacent to the Protospacer Adjacent Motif (PAM), NGG. The binary vector pRGEB32, with BsaI restriction site driven by U3 snoRNA promoter (POsU3p), was employed for cloning of sgRNAs and Cas9 by rice ubiquitin promoter (PUBIp). We successfully cloned the spacer sequences targeting OsRAA1 into a binary vector, pRGEB32. The constructs were transformed into E. coli strain DH5α and Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105. The developed gene cassettes can be used for editing of OsRAA1 gene in rice. By editing, we seek to enhance the root architecture and increase the drought-stress tolerance ability of rice. This research represents a significant step towards developing drought-tolerant rice varieties, a critical solution for ensuring global food security in the face of climate change.
Ultrasensitive Organic‐Modulated CsPbBr3 Quantum Dot Photodetectors via Fast Interfacial Charge Transfer
Authors: Li Jingzhou , Xia Junmin , Liu Yuan , Zhang Siwei , Teng Changjiu , Zhang Xuan , Liu Bilu , Zhao Shichao , Zhao Shixi , Li Baohua , Xing Guichuan , Kang Feiyu , Wei Guodan
Published: December 2019

The integration of organic materials with colloidal quantum dots (QDs) has the merits the advantages of the molecular diversity and photoelectric tunability for ultrasensitive photodetector applications. Herein, a uniform CsPbBr3 QD layer is sandwiched between the same poly‐(N, N′‐bis‐4‐butylphenyl‐N, N′‐bisphenyl) benzidine (Poly‐TPD) and phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) (1:1) organic blend films. The CsPbBr3 QD layer efficiently absorbs the excitation light, where the generated exciton can sufficiently diffuse to the interface of QD and organic blend layers for efficient charge separation and effective gate modulation. Owing to the desirable heterojunction at the interface, the dark current is substantially suppressed, while the photocurrent is increased in comparison with those of pristine QDs photodetectors. The ultrafast charge transfer time (≈300 ps) from QDs to organic blend layer measured by the time‐resolved transient absorption spectroscopy is potentially benefit the enhanced electron–hole pair dissociation. The solution‐processed, organic (Poly‐TPD:PCBM blend)‐modulated CsPbBr3 QDs photodetector are exhibited ultrasensitive photoresponse abilities in terms of in terms of noise equivalent power (NEP = 1 × 10−16 W Hz−0.5), ILight/IDark ratio (2 × 103), and the a specific detectivity (D* = 4.6 × 1013 Jones). The results will be a starting point for ultrasensitive next‐generation light detection technologies.
Local Electric‐Field‐Driven Fast Li Diffusion Kinetics at the Piezoelectric LiTaO3 Modified Li‐Rich Cathode–Electrolyte Interphase
Authors: Si Mengting , Wang Dandan , Zhao Rui , Pan Du , Zhang Chen , Yu Caiyan , Lu Xia , Zhao Huiling , Bai Ying
Published: December 2019

As one of the most promising cathodes for next‐generation lithium ion batteries (LIBs), Li‐rich materials have been extensively investigated for their high energy densities. However, the practical application of Li‐rich cathodes is extremely retarded by the sluggish electrode–electrolyte interface kinetics and structure instability. In this context, piezoelectric LiTaO3 is employed to functionalize the surface of Li1.2Ni0.17Mn0.56Co0.07O2 (LNMCO), aiming to boost the interfacial Li+ transport process in LIBs. The results demonstrate that the 2 wt% LiTaO3‐LNMCO electrode exhibits a stable capacity of 209.2 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C after 200 cycles and 172.4 mAh g−1 at 3 C. Further investigation reveals that such superior electrochemical performances of the LiTaO3 modified electrode results from the additional driving force from the piezoelectric LiTaO3 layer in promoting Li+ diffusion at the interface, as well as the stabilized bulk structure of LNMCO. The supplemented LiTaO3 layer on the LNMCO surface herein, sheds new light on the development of better Li‐rich cathodes toward high energy density applications.
Pressure‐Driven Two‐Input 3D Microfluidic Logic Gates
Authors: El‐Atab Nazek , Canas Javier Chavarrio , Hussain Muhammad M.
Published: December 2019

Microfluidics is a continuously growing field with potential not only in the fields of medical, chemical, and bioanalysis, but also in the domains of optics and information technology. Here, a pressure‐driven 3D microfluidic chip is demonstrated with multiple logic Boolean functions. The presence and absence of fluid at the output of the gates represent the binary signals 1 and 0, respectively. Therefore, the logic gates do not require a specially functionalized liquid to operate. The chip is based on a multilevel of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)‐based polymeric sheets with aligned microchannels while a flexible polyimide‐based sheet with a cantilever‐like structure is embedded to enable a one‐directional flow of the liquid. Several Boolean logic functions are realized (AND, OR, and XOR) using different fluids in addition to a half adder digital microfluidic circuit. The outputs of the logic gates are designed to be at different heights within the 3D chip to enable different pressure drops. The results show that the logic gates are operational for a specific range of flow rates, which is dependent on the microchannel dimensions, surface roughness, and fluid viscosity and therefore on their hydraulic resistance. The demonstrated approach enables simple cascading of logic gates for large‐scale microfluidic computing systems.
High Capacity and High‐Rate NASICON‐Na3.75V1.25Mn0.75(PO4)3 Cathode for Na‐Ion Batteries via Modulating Electronic and Crystal Structures
Authors: Ghosh Subham , Barman Nabadyuti , Mazumder Madhulika , Pati Swapan K. , Rousse Gwenaëlle , Senguttuvan Premkumar
Published: December 2019

Sodium superionic conductor (NASICON) cathodes are attractive for Na‐ion battery applications as they exhibit both high structural stability and high sodium ion mobility. Herein, a comprehensive study is presented on the structural and electrochemical properties of the NASICON‐Na3+yV2−yMny(PO4)3 (0 ≤ y ≤ 1) series. A phase miscibility gap is observed at y = 0.5, defining two solid solution domains with low and high Mn contents. Although, members of each of these domains Na3.25V1.75Mn0.25(PO4)3 and Na3.75V1.25Mn0.75(PO4)3 reversibly exchange sodium ions with high structural integrity, the activity of the Mn3+/Mn2+ redox couple is found to be absent and present in the former and latter candidate, respectively. Galvanostatic cycling and rate studies reveal higher capacity and rate capability for the Na3.75V1.25Mn0.75(PO4)3 cathode (100 and 89 mA h g−1 at 1C and 5C rate, respectively) in the Na3+yV2−yMny(PO4)3 series. Such a remarkable performance is attributed to optimum bottleneck size (≈5 Å2) and modulated V‐ and Mn‐redox centers as deduced from Rietveld analysis and DFT calculations, respectively. This study shows how important it is to manipulate electronic and crystal structures to achieve high‐performance NASICON cathodes.
Testing for paternal influences on offspring telomere length in a human cohort in the Philippines
Authors: Eisenberg Dan T. A. , Rej Peter H. , Duazo Paulita , Carba Delia , Hayes M. Geoffrey , Kuzawa Christopher W.
Published: December 2019

Objectives

Telomeres, emerging biomarkers of aging, are comprised of DNA repeats located at chromosomal ends that shorten with cellular replication and age in most human tissues. In contrast, spermatocyte telomeres lengthen with age. These changes in telomere length (TL) appear to be heritable, as older paternal ages of conception (PAC) predict longer offspring TL. Mouse‐model studies raise questions about the potential for effects of paternal experiences on human offspring TL, as they suggest that smoking, inflammation, DNA damage, and stressors all shorten sperm TL. Here, we examined whether factors from the paternal environment predict offspring TL as well as interact with PAC to predict offspring TL.

Materials and Methods

Using data from the Philippines, we tested if smoking, psychosocial stressors, or shorter knee height (a measure of early life adversity) predict shorter offspring TL. We also tested if these interacted with PAC in predicting offspring TL.

Results

While we did not find the predicted associations, we observed a trend toward fathers with shorter knee height having offspring with longer TL. In addition, we found that knee height interacted with PAC to predict offspring TL. Specifically, fathers with shorter knee heights showed a stronger positive effect of PAC on offspring TL.

Discussion

While the reasons for these associations remain uncertain, shorter knee height is characteristic of earlier puberty. Since spermatocyte TL increases with the production of sperm, we speculate that individuals with earlier puberty, and its concomitant commencement of production of sperm, had more time to accumulate longer sperm telomeres.
Ein mechanistischer Blick auf plastisch flexible Koordinationspolymere
Authors: Bhattacharya Biswajit , Michalchuk Adam A. L. , Silbernagl Dorothee , Rautenberg Max , Schmid Thomas , Feiler Torvid , Reimann Klaus , Ghalgaoui Ahmed , Sturm Heinz , Paulus Beate , Emmerling Franziska
Published: December 2019

Die mechanische Flexibilität von kovalenten Einkristallen ist ein faszinierendes und wenig verstandenes Phänomen. Wir stellen hier das erste Beispiel eines plastisch flexiblen 1D‐Koordinationspolymers vor. Die Verbindung [Zn(μ‐Cl)2(3,5‐Cl2Py)2]n ist über zwei kristallographische Flächen flexibel und bleibt bemerkenswerterweise auch bei 180° Biegung als Einkristall intakt. Mittels einer Kombination von Mikroskopie‐, Beugungs‐ und spektroskopischen Methoden untersuchen wir die strukturelle Reaktion des Kristallgitters auf mechanische Verformung. Laut den Ergebnissen scheint nicht die Deformation der kovalenten Polymerketten für die beobachtete makroskopische Biegung verantwortlich, sondern eine Verschiebung der Koordinationspolymerketten. Basierend auf experimentellen und theoretischen Erkenntnissen schlagen wir ein neues Modell für die mechanische Flexibilität von 1D‐Koordinationspolymeren vor. Darüber hinaus liefern unsere Berechnungen eine Ursache für die unterschiedlichen mechanischen Eigenschaften dieser Verbindung und eines strukturell ähnlichen elastisches Materials.
Genesis of magnetic anomalies and magnetic properties of archaeological sediments in floodplain wetlands of the Fossa Carolina
Authors: Stele Andreas , Fassbinder Jörg W.E. , Härtling Joachim W. , Bussmann Jens , Schmidt Johannes , Zielhofer Christoph
Published: December 2019

Floodplain wetlands are complex systems influenced by many natural and anthropogenic operators. Due to the influence of high and varying groundwater table and high organic contents, geophysical prospection in wetland floodplains quickly reaches the limits of its effectiveness. At the Early Medieval canal Fossa Carolina in southwest Germany, a study design employing magnetometry, drillings, sampling, and in situ rock magnetic measurements was used for environmental magnetic interpretation of magnetic anomalies in magnetograms and sediment layers. This approach offers reliable archaeological interpretation of magnetic anomalies and magnetic properties under the site specific sedimentological conditions of a floodplain wetland. It was also found that man‐made magnetic anomalies in the floodplain are due to the genesis of different remanent magnetizations – specifically, greigite (Fe3S4) can cause distinct magnetic anomalies in floodplains that can be recognized readily in surface magnetic data.
Prospective methods for identifying perioperative risk-assessment methods for patient safety over 20 years: a systematic review
Authors: Heideveld-Chevalking A J , Calsbeek H , Hofland J , Meijerink W J H J , Wolff A P
Published: December 2019

Background

Serious preventable surgical events still occur despite considerable efforts to improve patient safety. In addition to learning from retrospective analyses, prospective risk-assessment methods may help to decrease preventable events further by targeting perioperative hazards. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the methods used to identify perioperative patient safety risks prospectively, and to describe the risk areas targeted, the quality characteristics and feasibility of methods.

Methods

MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane databases were searched, adhering to PRISMA guidelines. All studies describing the development and results of prospective methods to identify perioperative patient safety risks were included and assessed on methodological quality. Exclusion criteria were interventional studies, studies targeting one specific issue, studies reporting on structural factors relating to fundamental hospital items, and non-original or case studies.

Results

The electronic search resulted in 16 708 publications, but only 20 were included for final analysis, describing five prospective risk-assessment methods. Direct observation was used in most studies, often in combination. Direct (16 studies) and indirect (4 studies) observations identified (potential) adverse events (P)AEs, process flow disruptions, poor protocol compliance and poor practice performance. (Modified) Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (HFMEA™) (5 studies) targeted potential process flow disruption failures, and direct (P)AE surveillance (3 studies) identified (P)AEs prospectively. Questionnaires (3 studies) identified poor protocol compliance, surgical flow disturbances and patients' willingness to ask questions about their care. Overall, quality characteristics and feasibility of the methods were poorly reported.

Conclusion

The direct (in-person) observation appears to be the primary prospective risk-assessment method that currently may best help to target perioperative hazards. This is a reliable method and covers a broad spectrum of perioperative risk areas.