bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Genesis Mechanism and Health Risk Assessment of High Boron Water in the Zhaxikang Geothermal Area, South Tibet
Authors: Li Liang , Wang Yingchun , Gu Hongyu , Lu Lianghua , Li Luping , Pang Jumei , Chen Feifei
Published: October 2022

The natural discharge of geothermal water containing harmful components affects the water quality of the surrounding environment and brings security risks to drinking water safety. The geothermal water in Tibet is characterized by high boron content, but the water pollution caused by the discharge of this high boron geothermal water is not clear. In this study, we collected geothermal water and surface water from the Zhaxikang geothermal system in southern Tibet to investigate the causes of high boron geothermal water and the water pollution of water quality by its discharge. The results indicate that the hydrochemical type of geothermal water was HCO3-Cl-Na, while that of cold spring water, mine water, river water, and lake water was SO4-HCO3-Ca-Mg. Hydrogen and oxygen isotopes show that the recharge source of cold groundwater was mainly snow-melting water and meteoric water, while in addition to that, there is magmatic water for hot springs. The boron content of geothermal water in the study area is as high as 42.36 mg/L, far exceeding the World Health Organization limit for drinking water (0.5 mg/L). The analysis of ion components and PHREEQC modeling indicated that the dissolution of silicate minerals and cation exchange controlled the composition of groundwater, and the boron in groundwater mainly came from the volatilization of magmatic components and the leaching of shallow sediments. The entropy weight water quality index was used to evaluate the water quality of the study area; about 42.9% of the groundwater samples are of good quality and can be used for drinking, mainly cold water that has not been mixed with geothermal water in the upstream. With the discharge of geothermal water into the river (with a mix ratio of ~20%), the downstream water quality gradually deteriorated. The health risk assessment of drinking water in the study area showed that the hazard index (HI) of drinking water in the mixed area was higher than 1 (with an average of 1.594 for children and 1.366 for adults), indicating that children are at a higher health risk than adults. Geothermal water with high boron content has been found all over the world, and the adverse effects of its natural drainage cannot be ignored.
Effect of Attached Growth on Treatment Performance in Waste Stabilization Ponds
Authors: Lian Yirui , Coggins Liah X. , Hay Jessica , van de Ven Andrew , Ghadouani Anas
Published: October 2022

Waste stabilization ponds (WSPs) rely upon natural biochemical reactions for treatment and are used widely across the world. However, WSPs often fail to meet treatment performance expectations due to insufficient hydraulic performance. Installation of baffles can improve hydraulic performance of WSPs by increasing the mean residence time, reducing dead zones, and short circuiting, thus improving pond treatment performance. Theoretically, baffles with the ability to sustain attached growth will increase the possible attachment area of microorganisms and further contribute to nutrient removal. However, to date there have been no full-scale studies exploring attached growth baffles in WSPs. The main objective of this study was to investigate and quantify the effect of attached growth baffles on WSP treatment performance, specifically in terms of improvements in treatment performance provided by attached biofilm compared with hydraulic improvement. A first-order kinetic model was used to predict biological oxygen demand (BOD) removal efficiency, including suspended and biofilm biomass reactions, to determine whether attached growth or hydraulics had the most influence on performance improvement. At the operational WSP scale, we found that although the presence of attached growth on baffles results in a modest (~0.6%) improvement in treatment performance, the most influential factor for improving treatment was improved hydraulics (~5.3%). In model generalization, the change in biofilm thickness and biofilm area had less effect on treatment in WSPs in higher organic loading scenarios; however, a considerable improvement (~12%) in treatment efficiency could be achieved by doubling the total biofilm area. Overall, this study shows that baffles can not only improve WSP hydraulics but can also be used as a medium for increasing biofilm area to improve WSP biological treatment efficiency.
A Review of Flood Risk in China during 1950–2019: Urbanization, Socioeconomic Impact Trends and Flood Risk Management
Authors: Ding Wei , Wu Jidong , Tang Rumei , Chen Xiaojuan , Xu Yingjun
Published: October 2022

China is one of the countries that are most severely affected by floods worldwide. Due to the geographical and climatic environment, floods frequently occur in China. Rapid socioeconomic growth and urban sprawl in the past decades have significantly changed both exposure and vulnerability dimensions of flood risk in China. In response to high risks of flood, the Chinese government has adopted a series of effective measures, such as the “Spongy City” Program and building many large dams and reservoirs, and some measures have achieved significant results. However, there is still a lack of studies with an integrated view on analyzing the causes, socioeconomic impact trends, and disaster risk reduction (DRR) measures of flood risk in China in the past decades. Accordingly, this paper aims to fill in the gap and provides some new insights into China’s contributions in DRR over the period of 1950–2019. Our results show that annual flood-induced fatalities and socioeconomic vulnerability to floods have significantly decreased in China, owing to a range of structural and non-structural measures. Nevertheless, China still faces the complex coupling effects of climate change and urbanization, and thus threats from extreme floods. In addition, China needs to further improve its flood risk management system.
Distribution Characteristics and Formation Mechanisms of Highly Mineralized Groundwater in the Hetao Plain, Inner Mongolia
Authors: Dong Qiuyao , Li Jincheng , Cheng Yanpei , Ren Yu , Zhang Dong , Wang Dong , Sun Xiaoyue , Cao Wengeng
Published: October 2022

As the largest artesian irrigation area in northern China, the Hetao Plain is also one of the major grain-producing areas in China. Meanwhile, there is a large amount of highly mineralized groundwater resulting in the soil salinization and desertification in this region. In addition, this study also uses the traditional hydro-geochemical methods to investigate the spatial evolution characteristics and formation mechanisms of highly mineralized groundwater. The results indicate that there is a large amount of highly mineralized groundwater (salinity > 3 g/L) in the shallow aquifer over the Hetao Plain. As far as the spatial patterns are concerned, there are significant spatial differences. In accordance with the structural, paleogeographic, landform, and hydrogeological conditions, the highly mineralized groundwater in the Hetao Plain can be divided into five zones, namely, the front fan depression, the north bank of the Yellow River, Xishanzui, Hasuhai in the Hubao Plain, and Dalad banner on the south bank of the Yellow River. Among them, the highly mineralized groundwater of Xishanzui exhibits the largest value of the salinity > 10 g/L. The main cations are Mg2+ and Na+, while the main anions are Cl− and SO42−. Moreover, the groundwater in the highly mineralized area contains a large amount of I−. According to the analysis of Piper, Gibbs diagrams of groundwater, the proportion coefficients of various components and the indication of isotope, it can be seen that most of the chemical ions in groundwater in the highly mineralized zone come from evaporation-concentration, which are mainly affected by climate, sedimentary environment, hydrogeological conditions and hydrology. The source of high mineralization in Xishanzui are different from other high mineralization regions, and the highly mineralized groundwater in Xishanzui is formed by the infestation of deep underground salt brine. These results can provide scientific basis for the rational allocation of regional water resources and the promotion of water resources development and utilization.
Speciation Distribution Characteristic and Ecological Risk of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments of Cascading Hydropower Dams in Lancang River
Authors: Li Jinpeng , Zhao Aidong , Xuan Hao , You Xiaoguang
Published: October 2022

In order to study the speciation, contamination statues, and distribution characteristic of heavy metals in the surface sediments of cascading dams, the reservoir regions of Manwan and Dachaoshan cascading dams were sampled and investigated. The speciation and its contents of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn) were analyzed by the modified European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential method. The ecological risk assessment of heavy metals was performed by the ratio of secondary phase and primary phase (RSP) method. The source identification of heavy metals was performed by correlation analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA). The results indicated that the values of RSPcd were from heavy pollution (IV level), and those of RSPZn were from light pollution (II level) to moderate pollution (III level) in the lacustrine zone of the upper-stream Manwan dam. The values of the RSP were no pollution (I level) in the downstream of the Dachaoshan dam. The ecological risk assessment of heavy metals (Cd, Zn, and As) at the upper stream of the Manwan dam was generally higher than that at the downstream Dachaoshan dam. Cascading dams operation showed significant accumulation effects on heavy metals in surface sediments. The source identification of heavy metals showed that Cd and Zn were mainly from anthropogenic activities; As, Cu, and Pb were affected by both natural processes and anthropogenic activities; and Cr was mainly from natural processes.
Study of a Control Algorithm with the Disturbance of Massive Discharge on an Open Channel
Authors: Shen Jian , Kang Bo , Tao Yuezan , Lin Fei , Song Xuegong
Published: October 2022

The diversion of large flows of water in open channels, which exceed safe water levels, into water storage systems is the focus of this paper. We focused upon the middle route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project and the ancient canal gate 4 drainage pool. We estimated the water storage quantity and the amount of compensation this offered. We used the improved PID algorithm to the study 20 disturbance flow water pipe heads. The results show that the storage compensation algorithm can suppress the fluctuation of water level to a certain extent, but, for the disturbance caused by large flows, the maximum fluctuation of water level in front of Shahei sluice gate that the storage compensation control algorithm is capable of is more than 0.3 m, which is much larger than the water level constraint of the middle line channel pool, where the rate of the drop in water level should not exceed 0.15 m per hour. However, in the case of large flow disturbance, the variation of water level in front of all the control gates in the study area is not more than 0.1 m, which meets the severe water level constraint of the middle line project, and the water level control effect is good, which protects the operation safety of the canal pool.
Zooplankton Compositions in the Danjiangkou Reservoir, a Water Source for the South-to-North Water Diversion Project of China
Authors: Xiong Mantang , Li Ruojing , Zhang Tanglin , Liao Chuansong , Yu Gongliang , Yuan Jing , Liu Jiashou , Ye Shaowen
Published: October 2022

The Danjiangkou Reservoir (DJKR) serves as the water source for the world’s biggest water diversion project, the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (MR-SNWDP) in China, and this project concerns the water security of tens of millions of people in northern China. Hence, the maintenance of ecosystem health and optimization of management necessitate studies to assess the composition and dynamics of key aquatic living resources. Zooplankton represent a critical component of the reservoir ecosystem and are sensitive to environmental changes and anthropogenic disturbances. In this study, the zooplankton compositions in DJKR were quantified and compared in May, August, and November 2017. Simultaneously, the effects of water trophic states on the zooplankton community structure were analyzed at three levels (overall, taxonomic, and functional groups). A total of 65 zooplankton taxa were recorded, with the taxonomic richness of Rotifera (28 taxa) being the highest among taxonomic groups, which were further classified into 10 functional groups. The community was characterized by low diversity and high evenness. Compared with historical studies, the biomass had increased remarkably, while the abundance showed a decreasing trend in DJKR, and there were more large-bodied zooplankton in this study. The multivariate analysis revealed that zooplankton compositions changed significantly among the three sampling months without distinguishable spatial variations. Moreover, the zooplankton compositions at all three levels correlated significantly with total nitrogen, water transparency, and permanganate index in most situations, as verified by db-RDA and Mantel’s test. However, the contributions of chlorophyll a and total phosphorus were only significant for the LCF group, implying that the bottom-up effects of phytoplankton on zooplankton were weak in DJKR. Therefore, analysis based on functional groups may reflect a more accurate snapshot of the relationships. Our findings will contribute to enriching the long-term fundamental ecological knowledge of the DJKR and the MR-SNWDP, as well as provide key taxonomic information for ecosystem assessment and management.
Spatiotemporal Analysis of Groundwater Storage Changes, Controlling Factors, and Management Options over the Transboundary Indus Basin
Authors: Mehmood Kashif , Tischbein Bernhard , Flörke Martina , Usman Muhammad
Published: October 2022

Intensive groundwater abstraction has augmented socio-economic development worldwide but threatens the sustainability of groundwater resources. Spatiotemporal analysis of groundwater storage changes is a prerequisite to sustainable water resource management over river basins. To estimate the groundwater storage changes/anomalies (GWCs) in the Indus River Basin (IRB), where observation wells are sparse, Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment, the Global Land Data Assimilation System, and the WaterGAP Hydrological Model data were employed. The groundwater storage changes and controlling factors were investigated at three tier levels (TTLs), i.e., the basin, river reach, and region, to explore their implications on regional water resource management and provide management options at each level. Overall, the IRB groundwater declined from January 2003 to December 2016, with a relatively higher rate during 2003–2009 than during 2010–2016. Spatially, according to a reach-specific analysis, 24%, 14%, and 2% of the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the IRB, respectively, were indicated by a ‘severe groundwater decline’ over the entire period (i.e., 2003–2016). The GRACE-based GWCs were validated with in situ data of two heterogeneous regions, i.e., Kabul River Basin (KRB) and Lower Bari Doab Canal (LBDC). The analysis showed a correlation (R2) of 0.77 for LBDC and 0.29 for KRB. This study’s results reveal that climatic variations (increase in evapotranspiration); anthropogenic activities, i.e., pumping for irrigation; and water allocations in these regions mainly drive the groundwater storage changes across the Indus Basin.
A Coagulation Process Combined with a Multi-Stage Filtration System for Drinking Water Treatment: An Alternative for Small Communities
Authors: Castro-Jiménez Camilo C. , Grueso-Domínguez Maria C. , Correa-Ochoa Mauricio A. , Saldarriaga-Molina Julio C. , García Edwin F.
Published: October 2022

As set out in the Sustainable Development Goals, it is necessary to achieve universal and equitable access to safe drinking water services for all the world’s population. Appropriate water treatment alternatives for rural areas should be prioritised to achieve this goal. In this work, a simplified drinking water treatment system (SDWTS), which has great potential for application in small communities and rural areas, was evaluated on a pilot scale for turbidity and apparent colour removal using synthetic raw water. The SDWTS integrates Upflow Gravel Filter in Layers (UGFL) and Rapid Sand Filter (RSF) with previous coagulation. This evaluation was carried out using a 23 factorial experiment, with the factors: type of water, type of coagulant and flow. The factorial design showed that the SDWTS had the highest turbidity removal efficiencies (>98.7%) with type II (20 NTU) water and PACl coagulant, while flow rate had no significant effect on turbidity removal. Under optimal operating conditions (type II water, PACl and 1.0 m3/d), the SDWTS produces treated water that meets the standards required by Colombian regulations and World Health Organisation recommendations for drinking water, concerning the variables: turbidity, apparent colour, total coliforms, E. coli, pH, electrical conductivity and Al. The SDWTS maintained its capacity to produce potable water when evaluated with the increased operating flow (up to 3.0 m3/d) and raw water turbidity (up to 50 NTU). The SDWTS can be an efficient and innovative alternative for water treatment, and its implementation in small communities can contribute to equitable access to drinking water.
Benefits and Costs of Managed Aquifer Recharge: Further Evidence
Authors: Ross Andrew
Published: October 2022

Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) provides an integrated solution that allows aquifer storage to complement surface water storage. Cost–benefit analysis provides a systematic method for comparing alternative water infrastructure options. When market valuations of water infrastructure are unavailable, levelised cost is a widely accepted method of comparing MAR with alternative solutions. Benefits of MAR can be estimated by the cost of the cheapest alternative source of supply or the value of production using MAR. This article presents quantitative analysis of levelised costs and benefit cost ratios of 21 MAR schemes from 15 countries, and qualitative assessment of additional social and environmental benefits. MAR schemes recharging aquifers with natural water using infiltration basins or riverbank filtration are relatively cheap with high BCRs. Schemes using recycled water and/or requiring wells with substantial drilling infrastructure and or water treatment are more expensive, while offering positive BCRs. Most MAR schemes have positive or neutral effects on aquifer storage and condition, water quality, and environmental flows. Energy requirements are competitive with alternatives. This paper demonstrates strong returns to investment in the reported MAR schemes. MAR provides valuable social benefits and contributes to sustaining groundwater resources where extraction is managed.
Spray Characteristics and Parameter Optimization of Orifice Arrangement for Micro-Sprinkling Hoses
Authors: Wang Xiaoshan , Xu Yuncheng , Yan Haijun , Tan Haibin , Zhou Lingjiu
Published: October 2022

The spraying width and uniformity coefficient are important for the design of a micro-sprinkling hose. In this study, experiments were conducted on the water application intensity distribution for an individual orifice and multiple groups of orifices under three different working pressures (41, 69 and 103 kPa). In the test of an individual orifice, the spraying angles varied from 40° to 90°. The results showed that the water application intensity distributions of an individual orifice were well fitted by a two-dimensional Gaussian distribution. Further study indicated that the bimodal Gaussian distribution model performed well on tracking the two-dimensional features of the water application intensity distribution, with the determination coefficient R2 > 0.90 and the standard root mean square error NRMSE < 30%. It was revealed that the fitting parameters of the two-dimensional Gaussian distribution model had physical meaning and were directly related to the strength and location of the water application intensity distributions. Based on the analysis of these fitting parameters, it was found that the water application intensity distribution of an individual orifice was affected by the pressure, spraying angle and orifice area, among which the spraying angle was the most sensitive factor. By establishing a linear relationship between the fitting parameters and the spraying angles, the water application intensity distribution of an individual orifice for any spraying angle could be predicted by the Gaussian model. Therefore, the water application intensity distribution of multiple groups of orifices could be calculated by overlapping the water application intensity distributions of the individual orifices. The Monte Carlo method was used in this study to determine the maximum spraying width and uniformity coefficient by generating different groups of orifice arrangement for micro-sprinkling hoses. Eventually, the optimized orifice arrangement was recommended for the better design of micro-sprinkling hoses.
Assessment of Zerovalent Iron Nanoparticle (nZVI) Efficiency for Remediation of Arsenic-Contaminated Groundwater: Two Laboratory Experiments
Authors: Sappa Giuseppe , Barbieri Maurizio , Viotti Paolo , Tatti Fabio , Andrei Francesca
Published: October 2022

Zerovalent iron nanoparticle (nZVI) technology has been found to be promising and effective for soil and groundwater remediation. This paper shows the results of two batch tests (Test A and Test B) carried out to assess the capacity of nZVI to remediate arsenic (As)-contaminated water. Test A, performed with batches of tap water contaminated by arsenic, with a concentration equal to 10 mg ∗ L−1, showed a significant reduction of the As concentrations in solution, with a maximum removal rate up to 98% (Batch 3). Test A lasted 26 h. At the same time, Test B was performed with a sample of arsenic-contaminated sediment, with a concentration equal to 100 mg ∗ Kg−1 (ca). Test B lasted 72 h. Test B also confirmed an excellent reduction of the As concentrations in solution, up to a maximum removal rate of 99% (Batch 3). These results show the effectiveness of nZVI for the remediation of water contaminated by arsenic. However, as the As–nZVI interaction time increased, there was a decrease in the available sites for arsenic immobilization, and so the As concentrations in solution became constant. In fact, as the dose of nZVI (mnZVI) used in the batches increased, the mass concentration of residue As in the solution at the equilibrium decreased (cAse) and therefore the concentration of As absorbed (cAs0–cAse) on the nZVI increased due to the immobilization action of the nanoparticles. The results show concentrations of As absorbed (cAs0–cAse) on the nZVI with a range between 5.10 mg ∗ L−1 (mnZVI = 0.05 g) and 9.54 mg ∗ L−1 (mnZVI = 0.5 g) for Test A, and with a range between 0.029 mg ∗ L−1 (mnZVI = 0.05 g) and 0.058 mg ∗ L−1 (mnZVI = 0.7 g) for Test B. Therefore, these results underline the need to monitor As concentrations during applications in the field, in order to verify the demand for injecting new active nanoparticles for arsenic removal.
Macroplastics Pollution in the Surma River in Bangladesh: A Threat to Fish Diversity and Freshwater Ecosystems
Authors: Abdullah Abul Hasnat , Chowdhury Gourab , Adikari Diponkor , Jahan Israt , Andrawina Yochi Okta , Hossain Mohammad Amzad , Schneider Petra , Iqbal Mohammed Mahbub
Published: October 2022

Plastic pollution is one of the pressing issues in freshwater ecosystems that may further contribute to coastal pollution. The present study aimed to address the state of macroplastics pollution in the Surma River system, Bangladesh. Six sampling sites were allocated in the river starting from upstream to downstream, water parameters and fin fish assemblage were recorded, and plastic debris was collected from each site. Afterward, macroplastics were categorized and weighed to measure their abundance. Previous data on rainfall, water discharge, and depth were aggregated to study the trend of river depth changes. A survey was conducted to identify the possible sources of plastic pollution in the river and awareness of the pollution. The results showed that Kazir Bazar (Site 4) and Beter Bazar (Site 5), comparatively contained poor water quality, diverse macroplastics categories, and higher macroplastics abundance. The water pollution index (WPI) also ranked the above sites as extremely polluted. Similarly, biodiversity indices revealed lower diversity at Site 4 and Site 5. The river depth analysis revealed that there was no remarkable tendency to change the depth. To conclude, the Surma River system is being polluted due to inadvertent plastic dumping. Contemporary awareness is highly required, and proper policies should be implemented to minimize the detrimental effects of macroplastics.
Coastal Soil Salinity Amelioration and Crop Yield Improvement by Biomaterial Addition in East China
Authors: Sun Yunpeng , Chen Xiaobing , Yang Jingsong , Luo Yongming , Yao Rongjiang , Wang Xiangping , Xie Wenping , Zhang Xin
Published: October 2022

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of biochar (BC), fulvic acid (FA) and Bacillus subtilis (BS) on soil properties and crop growth in the coastal salt-affected soil. Four levels of BC (0, 7.5, 15, 30 t ha−1), two levels of FA (0, 1.5 t ha−1) and BS suspension (0, 108 CFU mL−1) were designed during the maize cultivation. The results showed that 30 t ha−1 BC treatment was the most beneficial for improving the soil qualities. The grain yields in treatments containing FA and BS were lower than that in the BC treatments, and they were lower than that in the CK treatment. The treatment of 15 t ha−1 BC + BS obtained the highest grain yield, which was 1.75 times more than CK. An antagonism effect of the combination of FA and BS induced a grain yield decrease, and a higher content application of BC alleviated the negative effects.
On the question of N.V. Gogol's literary reputation
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Fedoseeva Akimova M.S.
Published: October 2022

The tradition of ambiguous interpretation of the personality and creativity of N.V. Gogol was laid down by himself and was continued by contemporaries and later interpreters. The article, based on a large literary and critical material, reviews the general trends in the perception of the figure and creativity of Gogol in the public consciousness for a century and a half, traces the process of folding the image of Gogol, which is complex and ambiguous, due to many factors (the exceptional complexity of the personality, the spiritual and creative evolution of Gogol, the obscurity of a number of episodes of biography, passion for mystifications, various cultural codes of interpreters, etc.). Traditions of the writer's perception in the middle of the XIX century, when the Gogol myth began to form, in the era of the Silver Age with its desire to free itself from mythology and create its own, the Soviet and post-Soviet eras, largely repeating the features of the previous two, are considered as the central. The article touches on such issues as the intentional formation of an image, the Gogol myth, the image of Gogol in art — from the XIX century to the postmodern.
“Notes of a Zamoskvorechye resident” as a prologue to the “Zamoskvorechye text” of A.N. Ostrovsky’s plays
Authors:   Institute of Philology of Moscow Pedagogical State University, Salnikova V.I.
Published: October 2022

The article discusses the features of the chronotope in “Notes of a Zamoskvorechye resident”. It is noted that the basis of the “Zamoskvorechye text” is the antinomian perception of space, the archetypal opposition of “one's own — another’s” and the mythological beliefs arising from the location beyond the Moscow River that Zamoskvorechye is another world and that crossing the river is a symbol of marriage. The features revealed in the early work are traced in further work of Ostrovsky, namely in the trilogy about Balzaminov and the plays “Hard days” and “Abyss”.
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ РОБОТИ ДЕРЖАВНИХ СЛУЖБОВЦІВ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ
Authors: Aliushyna Nataliia
Published: October 2022

У науковій статті подано результати дослідження стану організації роботи державних службовців в умовах воєнного стану, зокрема такі ключові аспекти як: особливості організації роботи державних службовців; зміни навантаження, функціоналу та продуктивності; оплата праці; налагодження комунікації та взаємодії у державному органі; потреби в інформаційно-методологічній підтримці з боку НАДС. За результатами опитування досліджено думку респондентів щодо того як змінилися показники навантаження, результативності та якості роботи державних службовців в умовах воєнного стану.
Дослідження стосувалось низки важливих проблем та питань які виникли під час здійснення професійної діяльності державними службовцями в умовах воєнного стану, серед них варто виділити: зміна місцезнаходження, форми роботи, режим роботи, зміна рівня заробітної плати, особливості комунікації та взаємодії тощо.
Проведено дослідження дало змогу шляхом узагальнення отриманої інформації визначити 9 груп потреб зокрема: щодо реформи системи оплати праці державних службовців, оптимізації, оплати праці, особливостей перебування державних службовців за кордоном в умовах воєнного стану, організації та режиму роботи, надання відпусток в умовах воєнного стану, прийому на роботу, професійного навчання державних службовців, питань проходження державної служби роботи та інших питань.
Derechos constitucionales y citación oportuna al demandado por alimentos
Authors: García-Párraga Lenin Javier
Published: October 2022

Se tiene por objetivo analizar los derechos constitucionales y su vulneración por falta de citación oportuna al demandado por alimentos en Quevedo – Ecuador. De tipo descriptiva documental con diseño no bibliográfico, y se empleó la técnica de análisis de contenido jurídico, utilizando las teorías, doctrinas y las normativas jurídicas con la finalidad de investigar las variables de investigación de la problemática sobre la vulneración por falta de citación oportuna al demandado por alimentos en el cantón Quevedo. Se evidenció que el 59% contesto que, si conocen los trámites de juicio de alimentos, con el 37% manifestaron que no y con el 4% mencionaron que desconocen sobre este tipo de trámites judiciales. La desigualdad social violenta los derechos de los niños, niñas y adolescentes que al no recibir una pensión oportuna no logran continuar con un proceso integral por la falta de recursos que limitan el bienestar social.
Geographical indication as a factor ensuring the competitiveness of Ukrainian wines
Authors: Babych I. M. , Bondar M. V. , Boiko P. M. , Prybylskyi V. L.
Published: October 2022

The article examines the importance of using geographical indications in the food industry of Ukraine, namely in winemaking. In Ukraine, a certain legal framework for the legal protection of intellectual property has been created, but the development of a market economy requires further improvement of national legislation to solve problems arising during the use of intellectual property objects from both the legal and economic side. The system of geographical indications is a principle that allows you to protect the quality of a product while simultaneously promoting this product on the domestic and foreign markets. The possibility of using the mechanism of protected geographical indications in the domestic wine industry, which exists in countries that consider it effective for the protection of national products and producers, is considered. Given the modern requirements for services in food and wine tourism, the mechanism of geographical indications is considered as a potential for innovative development of winemaking in the regions of Ukraine.
Faktor Risiko Kejadian Stunting pada Balita di Negara Berkembang
Authors: Falmuariat Qurratu , Febrianti Thresya , Mustakim Mustakim
Published: October 2022

Pendahuluan: Stunting pada balita merupakan salah satu masalah gizi di dunia, khususnya di negara berkembang. Sebanyak 21,3% atau sekitar 144 juta balita di dunia mengalami stunting, lebih dari setengah balita stunting di dunia berasal dari Asia dan lebih dari dua per lima tinggal di Afrika. Stunting menjadi ancaman serius terhadap keberadaan anak-anak sebagai generasi penerus suatu bangsa.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini menganalisis faktor-faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di negara berkembang menggunakan systematic literature review dan meta-analysis. Metode; Penelusuran literatur menggunakan portal jurnal online yaitu ProQuest, PubMed dan Garuda. Jurnal yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan jurnal bereputasi maksimal Q2 dan sinta 2, dalam rentang waktu 2010-2020, dengan design studi cross sectional dan cased control.
Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil penelusuran didapatkan tujuh literatur yang dilakukan systematic literature review.
Kesimpulan: Hasil meta-analysis faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di negara berkembang yaitu berat badan lahir dan ASI eksklusif
Efektivitas Pemberian Air Jahe Merah Terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Nyeri Dismenorea Pada Remaja Putri
Authors: Karomah Putri Isti , Yuliani Diah Atmarina
Published: October 2022

Pendahuluan dismenorea diakibatkan karena jumlah prostaglandin yang berlebihan. Kandungan kimia gingerol dalam jahe merah mampu memblokir prostaglandin sehingga dapat menurunkan nyeri pada saat mentruasi.
Tujuan menganalisa efektivitas pemberian air jahe merah terhadap penurunan intensitas nyeri dismenorea pada remaja putri.
Metode penelitian kuantitatif- preexperiment design, One Group Pretest Posttest Design. Sampel menggunakan teknik non-probability sampling dengan metode purposive sampling. Instrumen menggunakan kuesioner Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Sedangkan analisis data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon dengan tingkat kepercayaan α = 0,05.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat efektivitas antara air jahe merah dengan dismenorea dimana p value = 0,0001.
Kesimpulan bahwa terdapat efektivitas antara air jahe merah dengan dismenorea. Disarankan temuan penelitian ini dapat menjadi solusi dalam mengatasi dismenorea dengan menggunakan jenis terapi non-farmakologi yaitu pemberian air jahe merah.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Terhadap Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja Tentang Seks Bebas
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , Ekawati Nur , Sartika MS Dewi , Nugrawati Nelly , Alfah Siti
Published: October 2022

Pendahuluan remaja Indonesia nampak lebih bertoleransi terhadap gaya hidup seksual pranikah atau seks bebas. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku ini, salah satunya adalah sikap dan pengetahuan tentang seks bebas itu sendiri. Pengetahuan dan sikap ini dapat ditingkatkan dengan pemberian penyuluhan atau pendidikan kesehatan.
Tujuan mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap remaja tentang seks bebas.
Metode jenis penelitian Pra-Eksperimental dengan rancangan penelitiannya adalah One Group pre-test post-test design.Sampel penelitian ini meliputi 84 siswa di SMK Negeri 6 Makassar dengan menggunakan Cluster Sampling sebagai teknik pengambilan sampel Instrumen Peneitian menggunakan kuesioner. Analisa data yang digunakan adalah analisa bivariate, Uji Paired Sample T test.
Hasil menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan jumlah responden yang memiliki pengetahuan baik antara sebelum dan sesudah pendidikan kesehatan yaitu perubahan rata-rata 7,131 (± 3,229) sebesar 98,8% dengan p value 0,000. Dan terdapat peningkatan jumlah responden yang memiliki sikap baik antara sebelum dan sesudah pendidikan kesehatan yaitu perubahan rata-rata 3,917 (± 3,860) sebanyak 100% dengan p value 0,000.
Kesimpulan bahwa ada pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap siswa (i) tentang seks bebas
Pengaruh Latihan Kesimbangan dan Ankle Strategy Exercise Terhadap Risiko Jatuh Pada Lansia
Authors: Nur’amalia Riskah , Mutmainnah Meutiah , Lestari Anggun Indah , Sulastri Sulastri
Published: October 2022

Pendahuluan: Lansia yang memiliki permasalahan kesehatan dikatakan lebih mengalami kerentanan (frailty). Salah satu aspek yang menyebabkan lansia mengalami kerentanan adalah risiko jatuh yang tinggi.
Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh latihan keseimbangan dan Ankle Strategy Exercise terhadap risiko jatuh lansia.
Metode: Menggunakan analitik komparatif dengan desain penelitian one group pretest-posttest design Populasi pre lansia 50-60 tahun dan lansia >60 tahun, pengambilan sampel dengan teknik purposive sampling yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Pengumpulan data dengan instrumen Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT).
Hasil: Menunjukkan bahwa nilai p=0.000 (p<0,05).
Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh pemberian latihan keseimbangan dan ASE terhadap risiko jatuh lansia.
Analisis Perilaku Perawat Dalam Pengendalian dan Pencegahan Health Care Associated Infections (HAIs)
Authors: Mita Mita , Maulana Muhammad Ali , Sukarni Sukarni , Pramana Yoga
Published: October 2022

Pendahuluan: Ruang perawatan menjadi tempat praktik yang potensial dalam menularkan infeksi baik melalui kontak langsung ketika pasien menerima pelayanan dari perawat, maupun tidak langsung melalui alat, bahan dan fasilitas penunjang yang digunakan dalam mendukung pelayanan keperawatan.
Tujuan: Mendapatkan deskripsi perilaku perawat dalam pelaksanaan pengendalian dan pencegahan infeksi pada pasien.
Metode: Menggunakan desain observasional deskriptif. Populasi penelian ini adalah perawat di ruasng rawat inap, dengan jumlah sampel 60 perawat.
Hasil: Penelitian menunjukan perilaku perawat dalam pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi masih kurang baik sebanyak (60%).
Kesimpulan: Tenaga kesehatan terutama perawat harus bisa menerapkan universal precaution dengan baik sehingga dapat menurunkan angka Health Care Associated Infections (HAIs).
Core Strength Training Terhadap Perubahan Nyeri dan Activity Daily Living Pada Penderita Low Back Pain
Authors: Abdullah Meutiah Mutmainnah , Nur’amalia Riskah , Zulvina Winda Mey , Adhim Zein Mauludil , Herdin Herdin
Published: October 2022

Pendahuluan: Low Back Pain (LBP) merupakan keluhan yang sering dijumpai di masyarakat, merupakan persoalan di masyarakat karena sering mengakibatkan penderita terganggu atau tidak dapat melakukan tugas sehari-hari.
Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh Core Strength Training (CST) terhadap perubahan nyeri dan activity daily living (ADL) pada penderita low back pain (LBP).
Metode: penelitian ini yaitu quasi eksperimental dengan rancangan penelitian pretest-posttest one group design di mana pengaruh latihan diukur sebelum dan setelah perlakuan. Sampel berjumlah 15 orang yang terdiri 53,5% perempuan dan 46,7% laki-laki dengan rentang usia 25-65 tahun.
Hasil: Uji statistika menggunakan uji Wilcoxon diperoleh nilai signifikan p = 0,001 (p<0,05) yang menunjukkan bahwa ada perubahan yang signifikan sebelum dan setelah pemberian Core Strengthening Training dengan melihat adanya penurunan nyeri dan peningkatan Activity Daily Living (ADL) pada pasien Low Back Pain.
Kesimpulan: Bahwa dapatkan adanya penurunan nyeri dan peningkatan Acitivity Daily Living (ADL) setelah pemberian Core Strength Training pada pasien LBP.
Influence of electrode metallization rate on the effective electromechanical coefficient of AlN checker-mode lamb wave resonator
Authors: Tong Xin , Liu Jieyu , Zhou Jie , Xu Qinwen , Lin Binghui , Liu Yan , Soon Bo Woon , Liu Wenjuan , Cai Yao , Sun Chengliang
Published: October 2022

The effective electromechanical coupling coefficient (

K

eff

2

) is one of the crucial parameters to evaluate the performance of resonators. However, the low effective electromechanical coupling coefficient

K

eff

2

limits the application of lamb wave resonators in filters. This work presents the impact of metallization rate on the

K

eff

2

of AlN Checker-mode resonators (CKMRs) by using the finite element analysis approach for the first time. Four types of piezoelectric effect excitation configurations are proposed with different electrode designs based on AlN CKMRs. The results show that CKMRs have the largest

K

eff

2

with the metallization rate of 0.25–0.31 for the top electrode. Meanwhile, when the metallization rate of the top electrode varies from 0.2 to 0.7, the

K

eff

2

of open CKMRs possess the most remarkable enhancement of about 235% of CKMRs. By properly optimizing the electrode design, CKMRs exhibit potential in commercial applications.
AN UNUSUAL OCULAR COMPLICATION FOLLOWING INTRAORAL LOCAL ANASTHESIA – A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors: Paul Supriyo , Ray Amit , Kole Labani , Bandopadhyay Rajarshi , Kundu Satyajit , Islam Md Rabiul
Published: October 2022

Intraoral administration of local anesthetics is one of the most common dental procedures. Although this procedure is
well known for its safety, complications can still occur. Ocular complications due to intraoral local anesthesia are rare but
most distressing to the surgeon and patient. Ocular complications after local anesthetic injections are rarely reported in
the literature and these complications include strabismus, ptosis, diplopia, blindness, ophthalmoplegia, loss of
accommodation. A 50 year-old male patient developed transient diplopia and ipsilateral lateral rectus muscle paralysis
following administration of local anesthesia for left maxillary third molar extraction. The patient was informed and
proper instructions were given regarding the complications. Most of ocular complications are temporary; They can
revert back to normalcy after anesthetic affect wears off. Complete resolution occurred within 2 h. Oral surgeons should
be well aware of the ocular complications and its prevention and immediate management.
EFFECTIVENESS OF PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE RELAXATION TECHNIQUES ON DEPRESSION, ANXIETY AND STRESS AMONG UNDERGRADUATE PHYSIOTHERAPY STUDENTS-A QUASI EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Authors: Anthoni. J Tamilarasan , S Subanandhini.
Published: October 2022

Background: Physiotherapy college students repeatedly experience different stresses which render them more
vulnerable to psychological problems that may affect their emotional, psychosocial and physical health. The aim of this
study was to find out the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among physiotherapy students and to determine
the effect of progressive muscle relaxation technique (PMR)on reducing depression, anxiety and stress among students.
Methodology: A quasi experimental study design with purposive sampling technique. Study setting- KMCH college of
physiotherapy, Coimbatore. A sample of 20 subjects between the age of 19 to 22 years, randomly categorised into two
groups- experimental group and control group respectively. Group A trained with progressive muscle Intervention:
relaxation. Group B allowed to do their routine activities. Outcome measures were depression, anxiety and stress scale
(DASS 42). RESULTS: There is a significant statistical difference between pre test and post test values of DASS.
Conclusion: This study concludes JPMR technique is very effective in reducing depression, anxiety and stress among
physiotherapy students.
A note on the hit problem for the polynomial algebra of six variables and the sixth algebraic transfer
Authors: Võ Phúc Đặng
Published: October 2022

Let $\mathcal A$ be the classical, singly-graded Steenrod algebra over the prime order field $\mathbb F_2$ and let $P^{\otimes h}: = \mathbb F_2[t_1, \ldots, t_h]$ denote the polynomial algebra on $h$ generators, each of degree $1$, viewed as a module over $\mathcal A.$ Write $GL_h$ for the usual general linear group of rank $h$ over $\mathbb F_2.$ As well known,  the (mod 2) cohomology groups of the Steenrod algebra, ${\rm Ext}_{\mathcal A}^{h, h+*}(\mathbb F_2, \mathbb F_2)$ is still largely mysterious for all homological degrees $h \geq 6.$ The $h$-th algebraic transfer $$Tr_h^{\mathcal A}: (\mathbb F_2\otimes_{GL_h}{\rm Ann}_{\overline{\mathcal A}}[P^{\otimes h}]^{*})_n\longrightarrow {\rm Ext}_{\mathcal A}^{h, h+n}(\mathbb F_2, \mathbb F_2),$$ defined by William Singer \cite{Singer}, is a helpful tool to describe that Ext groups. Singer conjectured that this transfer is a monomorphism, but it remains open for any $h\geq 5.$ There is currently no information on the conjecture for $h = 6$. In this paper, we verify Singer's conjecture for all homological degrees $h\geq 1$ in the internal degrees $\leq 10 = 6(2^{0}-1) + 10\cdot 2^{0}$ and for $h = 6$ in the degree of the general form $n_s:=6(2^{s}-1) + 10\cdot 2^{s}.$ This result is important, since it tells us that the non-zero elements $h_2^{2}g_1 = h_4Ph_2\in {\rm Ext}_{\mathcal A}^{6, 6+n_1}(\mathbb F_2, \mathbb F_2)$, and $D_2\in {\rm Ext}_{\mathcal A}^{6, 6+n_2}(\mathbb F_2, \mathbb F_2)$ are not in the image of the sixth algebraic transfer. This Note is a continuation of our previous one \cite{Phuc11}, which will refer to as Part I. Our approach is based on explicitly solving the hit problem for the Steenrod algebra in the case $h = 6$ and degree $n_s.$ This extends a result in Mothebe, Kaelo and Ramatebele \cite{MKR}. At the same time, we also use this obtained result to establish the dimension result for the space of the unhit elements, $\mathbb F_2\otimes_{\mathcal A}P^{\otimes 7}$ in a certain general degree. 
Is the information sufficient to create a new market for digestate?
Authors: Selvaggi Roberta , Pecorino Biagio , Trovato Giuseppe , Pappalardo Gioacchino
Published: October 2022

Unfamiliarity with a good reduce the chances to be used by consumers. This is the case of digestate which is an organic soil conditioner obtained as by-product of biogas chain. The use of digestate as alternative to traditional manure is still not very widespread due to the lack of knowledge among farmers. In our survey, we explored whether providing farmers with information about the digestate can affect farmers’ willingness to pay for buying it instead of the traditional manure used by farmers as soil conditioner. By conducting a hypothetical multiple-price list experiment we show that information positively affects farmers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for digestate but information alone is not sufficient to create a new market for it because at the same price farmers always continue to buy manure. This finding raises some questions when estimating the effect of information, which while positive does not shift farmers’ decisions to use an unfamiliar good. This result suggests that information provided to farmers elicited a WTP not sufficient to replace traditional manure with digestate.
In-Situ Transesterification of Biodiesel Synthesized from Ampelocissus Africana Seed Oil Using (MgO/Al2O3) Catalyst
Authors: Zubairu A. Y. , Mukhtar M. , Saidu I. , Khalil I. A. , Garba I.
Published: October 2022

Biodiesel is an unconventional fuel composed of mono-alkyl esters also achieved essentially from the base catalyzed transesterification reaction of oils or fats. It is utilized clean haven’t require single alteration in the diesel engine and also biodiesel does not contain in consequential amount of sulphur. Consequently, biodiesel is presently the preeminent alternate for petro diesel. Biodiesel was synthesized using one step trasesterification reaction using magnesium oxide over aluminum oxide (MgO/Al2O3) at different ratio 5%, 10% and 15%. Moreoverthe biodiesel were analyzed using 6890N network GC/MS and physicochemical analysis cared out are compared according to international standardvia American Society of Testing Material (ASTMD-6751) the results obtain were: Acid value (0.1, 0.1, 0.2mgKOH/g), Density(0.64, 0.82, 0.71g/cm3) Iodine value (0.70, 0.52, 0.70mgI2/100g), Saponification value (0.10, 0.28, 0.63mgKOH/g), and Water & Sediment level (0.002, 0.002, 0.002) for sample A, B, and C, more ever the percentage yield obtained were (51%, 50%, 50.5%) for A, B, and C.