bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Marching neuropathy of the nervus digitalis plantaris proprii medialis halluci among military personnel
Authors: Bardakov S. N. , Khromov-Borisov N. N. , Belskikh A. N. , Litvinenko I. V. , Slobodya A. V.
Published: June 2023

Background. Marcher’s digitalgia paresthetica is a neuropathy of the medial plantar proper digital nerve (nervus digita lis plantaris proprii medialis halluci) and in some cases is accompanied by the formation of Joplin’s neuroma. Despite the general population rarity, marcher’s digitalgia paresthetica is significantly common among the special military contingent, athletes and tourists.

Aim. To assess the prevalence of medial digital nerve neuropathy among military personnel and to identify possible factors contributing to its development.

Materials and methods. The study involved 125 male servicemen of the Russian Federation, with an average age 37 (37–40) years. A neurological examination was performed with a detailed assessment of sensory disorders in the lower extremities, electroneuromyography and ultrasound examination of the leg nerves.

Results. In 83 cases, or 66 (55–76) %, of digitalgia paresthetica were identified. Among them asymptomatic – 51 people, or 61 (47–74) %. In 27 cases – 33 (21–47) % – violation of sensitivity was observed on one side. The maximum area of violation of the sensitivity of the innervation of the medial‑plantar surface of the big toes was determined in 57 cases – 68 (55–80) %. At the same time, in 14 (6–25) % of the examined, the distal part of the second toe was additionally involved.

Conclusion. In our study, the hypothesis about the influence of the type of footwear, the average daily duration of wearing and the frequency of its forced removal on the likelihood of developing paresthetic digitalgia was not confirmed. It is important that doctors are informed about the possible development of this neuropathy and its benign course.
Pengaruh lama pengalaman mengajar terhadap keterampilan menjelaskan seorang guru
Authors: Rosida Ulya , Pratiwi Rooslya Melinda , Natagara Sardya Farnanda , Andari Ulya Furoidah , Dewi Widya Ayu Rarassita , Sari Rissa Permata , Soekamto Hadi
Published: June 2023

One important component of education is the teacher. The teacher has an important role in teaching and learning activities in the classroom. Therefore, the role of a teacher is very necessary in supporting the achievement of educational goals in schools. In the learning process activities, a teacher is required to be able to master every material that will be taught and connect other knowledge that has a relationship with the material being taught. The length of a teacher's teaching experience can be a benchmark in assessing a teacher's explaining skills when carrying out learning. The purpose of this research is to find out whether there is an effect of length of teaching experience on a teacher's explaining skills. This study uses a type of quantitative research. The population in this study were teachers from several high schools in Malang Raya with a target of 30 teachers (Malang 9 State High School, Malang National High School, Muhammadiyah 3 Batu City High School, and Immanuel High School Batu City) selected randomly. The results of the study show that teachers have different backgrounds, coming from the field of education, some are non-educational, of course this also affects them. Thus, in this study it can be said that the length of teaching experience has no effect on the skills of explaining material during learning, but it is not significant.

Salah satu komponen penting pendidikan adalah guru. Guru memiliki peran penting dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar di kelas. Maka dari itu, peran seorang guru sangat diperlukan dalam menunjang pencapaian tujuan pendidikan di sekolah. Dalam kegiatan proses pembelajaran, seorang guru dituntut mampu menguasai setiap materi yang akan diajarkan serta menghubungkan pengetahuan lain yang memiliki hubungan dengan materi yang sedang diajarkan. Lama pengalaman mengajar seorang guru dapat menjadi tolak ukur dalam menilai keterampilan menjelaskan seorang guru pada saat melaksanakan pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh lama pengalaman mengajar terhadap keterampilan menjelaskan seorang guru. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah guru beberapa SMA di Malang Raya dengan target 30 guru (SMA Negeri 9 Malang, SMA Nasional Malang, SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Kota Batu, dan SMA Immanuel Kota Batu) dipilih secara acak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru memiliki latar belakang yang berbeda beda berasal dari bidang pendidikan ada juga yang non kependidikan tentunya hal tersebut juga mempengaruhi. Dengan demikian, pada penelitian ini dapat dikatakan bahwa lama pengalaman mengajar tidak berpengaruh terhadap keterampilan menjelaskan materi pada saat pembelajaran, namun tidak signifikan.
Penilaian kekeringan meteorologi menggunakan metode SPI dengan Citra Satelit CHIRPS di Kabupaten Tulungagung
Authors: Ma’ruf Anang , Astuti Ike Sari , Masitoh Ferryati
Published: June 2023

Kekeringan di Kabupaten Tulungagung sering terjadi. Sebanyak 11 kejadian kekeringan yang tercatat sepanjang Tahun 2001-2020. Kabupaten Tulungagung memiliki luasan lahan pertanian sebanyak 70 persen dari tolal wilayah. Pemantauan kekeringan diperlukan sebagai langkah awal dalam menghadapi bencana kekeringan . Metode SPI digunakan dalam analisis kekeringan di Kabupaten Tulungagung. Data yang digunakan adalah curah hujan bulanan dari CHIRPS dan curah hujan bulanan dari Stasiun Hujan di Kabupaten Tulungagung rentang tahun 2010-2018. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan software ArcGIS. Analisis kekeringan dilakukan pada Bulan Mei-September Tujuan ditulisnya artikel ini, petama melakukan pemantauan kekeringan meteorologi menggunakan indeks SPI yang berasal dari Data CHIRPS. Kedua, memberikan informasi nilai perbandingan antara nilai SPI 1 Bulanan dari Data CHIRPS dengan nilai SPI 1 Bulanan dari data stasiun hujan. Ketiga, memberikan informasi terkait pengaruh kekeringan meteorologi dengan produksi padi gogo yang diasumsikan bahwa sumber air pada padi gogo sepenuhnya berasal dari air hujan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kekeringan meteorologi di Kabupaten Tulungagung adalah berada pada kategori Normal (0,99 sampai -0,99) hingga Agak kering (-1,00 sampai -1,49). Nilai perbandingan antara SPI 1 Bulanan dari data CHIRPS dengan SPI 1 Bulanan dari data stasiun hujan adalah 0,69. Sehingga data SPI 1 Bulanan dari CHIRPS dapat dipakai dalam analisis kekeringan meteorologi di Kabupaten Tulungagung. Pengaruh yang kuat terjadi antara kekeringan meteorologi terhadap produksi padi gogo di Kabupaten Tulungagung. Terlihat dari Nilai koefisien determinansi sebesar 0,69 yang menunjukkan bahwa 69 persen produksi padi gogo di pengaruhi oleh kekeringan meteorologi. Nilai korelasi yang kuat sebesar 0,83 antara kejadian kekeringan dengan produksi padi gogo. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Data CHRIPS dapat digunakan dalam memantau kekeringan meteorologi di Kabupaten Tulungagung serta produksi padi gogo sangat dipengaruhi oleh adanya kejadian kekeringan meteorologi.
Kültürel Sıkılık ve Dönüşümcü Liderliğin Örgütsel Sessizlik Üzerindeki Etkisini Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Araştırma
Authors: ÖRÜCÜ Edip , SAÇ Özgür , HASIRCI Itır
Published: June 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, kültürel sıkılık ve dönüşümcü liderliğin örgütsel sessizlik üzerindeki etkisini tespit etmektir. Bu amaç ile birlikte değişkenlerin arasındaki ilişkilerin yönünün ve düzeyinin de belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada Balıkesir ilinin Bandırma ilçesinde bulunan bir kamu iktisadi teşebbüsünde görev yapan işgörenler üzerinde kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen 174 işgörene anket uygulanmıştır. Toplanan veriler frekans analizi, güvenilirlik analizi, normallik testi, korelasyon analizi ve regresyon analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Elde edilen veriler bir paket program yardımıyla analiz edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda; dönüşümcü liderliğin örgütsel sessizlik üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Kültürel sıkılığın ise örgütsel sessizlik üzerinde pozitif yönlü ve anlamlı etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında ele alınan üç değişkenin bir arada ele alınmamış olması, alan yazındaki boşluğu doldurmaya katkı sağlaması adına önem ve özgünlük arz etmektedir.
Fonksiyonel Veri Analizi: Bilim Haritalama Tekniği ile Bir İnceleme
Authors: KOCARIK GACAR Burcu , KÖYMEN KESER İstem
Published: June 2023

Ramsey ve Dalzell (1991) tarafından tanımlanmış olan fonksiyonel veri kavramı ayrık noktalarda gözlenen nicel verilerin fonksiyonel veriler haline dönüştürülerek verilerdeki yapının ve ilişkilerin özellikle görsel yaklaşımlardan yararlanılarak çok daha rahat yorumlanmasına yardımcı olan fonksiyonel veri analizi alanının ortaya çıkmasını sağlamıştır. Bilim haritalama tekniği, fonksiyonel veri analizi gibi ilgilenilen bir çalışma alanının literatürdeki gelişimini göz önüne seren keşifsel bir araştırmadır. Böylece yıllar boyutunda yayın türü, yayıncı, yazar, menşei, atıf ve referans bilgisi ve anahtar kelimeleri gibi odak noktaları birlikle sergilenebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Web of Science (WoS) veri tabanı örneği ele alınmaktadır. WoS’ da yer alan istatistiksel yöntem çalışmalarında fonksiyonel veri analizi ile ilişkili olan 6494 yayın bilim haritalama tekniği ile incelenmiştir. Fonksiyonel veri kavramının ilk ortaya çıktığı zamandan günümüze kadar olan zaman aralığı (1991-2022) dikkate alınmıştır. Son 32 yıllık süreçte fonksiyonel veri ile bağlantılı olarak kullanılan çeşitli analiz yöntemlerinin geliştirildiği görülmüştür. Özellikle 2018 yılı itibari ile makine öğrenmesi tekniklerinin fonksiyonel veriye uygulanmasının literatürde incelenmekte olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca denetimli makine öğrenmesi yöntemlerinden biri olan karar ağaçları da fonksiyonel veri ile ilişkilendirilmiştir.
Pandangan Sosiolog dalam Mengatasi Kriminalitas di Kalangan Mahasiswa Pada Kawasan Padat Penduduk
Authors: Pratama Wahyu Kurniawan Harly , Sulismadi Sulismadi
Published: June 2023

Behavior or action becomes a benchmark for a peace or peace can be created in an area, Malang City, the increasing number of years makes the population continue to grow, especially in the increase in the number of students at every state university and private university in Malang City. The increase in population is either from the original residents of Malang who carry out the marriage process and produce offspring or increase due to migrants who enter the City / District. Malang for various purposes. With the increase in population, it certainly gives an idea of how the impact on the area, especially in the behavior that exists in densely populated areas, this behavior can be in accordance with the norms, values and laws that apply in the area, but there are also behaviors that are not in accordance with the norms, values and laws that cause unrest in the area, especially in terms of crime. The method in this research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. This research was conducted in Bareng Village, which is located in Klojen District, Malang City. The technique of determining informants in this study used purposive sampling technique, namely determining informants with certain criteria. In this case, of course, humans become a benchmark for how the existing order can run smoothly or can be disrupted and also hampered.
Aportes a la investigación del sistema geotérmico del volcán Azufral en Colombia mediante modelos 2D de magnetotelúrica
Authors: Rodríguez-Rodríguez Gilbert
Published: June 2023

Este trabajo presenta la modelación de la estructura resistiva del subsuelo para el área geotérmica del volcán Azufral, de acuerdo con sondeos magnetotelúricos (MT) y a partir del procesamiento de información adquirida en 140 estaciones de MT, cuyos tiempos de registro en promedio fueron de 24 horas, lo que permitió obtener datos de 104 a 10-2 Hz. Se realizaron también 39 sondeos por transitorios (TDEM) para controlar el desplazamiento de static shift. Inversiones 2D han permitido determinar que la estructura resistiva del área se caracteriza por focos de anomalías conductivas entre 1-10 Ω·m, intermedias entre 10-100 Ω·m y zonas resistivas con valores >100 Ω·m. Las anomalías resistivas superficiales con espesores de 200 a 500 m se asociaron a depósitos piroclásticos no alterados, y las profundas, con espesores de más de 4 km al basamento, que en la zona de investigación correspondería con el grupo Diabásico. Las zonas de anomalías conductivas que se extienden lateralmente por toda el área de estudio, con un espesor aproximado de 2 km, se asocian con capas arcillosas que formarían el sello del sistema geotérmico. Las anomalías con valores intermedios pueden deberse a variaciones de la temperatura del sistema geotérmico creando minerales de distinta conductividad como la illita, biotita y clorita, entre otros.
Electrical parameter estimation of the soil using GPR and full waveform inversion: a case study in Colombia
Authors: Serrano-Luna Jheyston , Ramírez-Silva Ana , Abreo-Carrillo Sergio
Published: June 2023

A method of Full Waveform Inversion on GPR data for the estimation of subsurface electrical properties such as relative permittivity and conductivity is proposed in this paper. The GPR radar antenna used for subsurface data acquisition is a B-scan acquisition and it operates at a center frequency of 400 MHz. B-scan acquisitions are a challenge in the subsurface parameter estimation process due to lack of illumination. In addition, B-scan acquisitions are more sensitive to the starting point in estimating subsurface parameters in comparison to multiple offset acquisitions. However, despite the challenges, this type of acquisition is used because it allows portability in areas of difficult access and quick data collection, reducing processing times and costs. In this work, Full Waveform Inversion with cost function constraints was evaluated to estimate subsurface relative permittivity and conductivity using B-scan acquisitions. The proposed methods were evaluated using data collected in a study area located in Mogotes, Santander, Colombia. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the use of regularization in the inversion process gives smoother subsurface models, also preserving discontinuities. In addition, the incoherent noise in the data is reduced by Gaussian regularization, allowing a better interpretation of the study area.
Контроль качества воздуха с помощью лидара
Authors: Суфиянов Р.Ш.
Published: June 2023

Весьма значительным шагом в создании дистанционных лазерных приборов для определения качества воздуха стало изобретение лидаров. Лидарные системы дистанционного контроля качества атмосферного воздуха получают все большее распространение. Лидарные системы дистанционного контроля качества атмосферного воздуха получают все большее распространение. Создание новых и усовершенствование существующих лидарных систем, позволяет автоматизировать мониторинг экологического состояния атмосферы, улучшить его эффективность и оперативность получения данных.
К вопросу обоснования понятия «Проектно-ориентированные организационные системы»
Authors: Толмасов Р.С.
Published: June 2023

В статье рассматривается проблема организационных систем для сводных проектных команд, характерным признаком которых является непостоянный кадровый состав. Предлагается ввести новый тип организационной системы, основанной на технологии временного перераспределения сотрудников предприятий, участвующих в совместных проектах. Введено новое понятие «проектно-ориентированные организационные системы» и его общее описание. Даны основные выводы и обозначены дальнейшие направления исследований в этом направлении.
Применение языка Autolisp для выполнения массивов, изменения геометрических свойств примитивов, создания зеркального отображения и масштабирования объектов в системе AutoCAD
Authors: Абдулмажидов Х.А.
Published: June 2023

В статье представлены возможности применения на языке Autolisp в системе AutoCAD для выполнения массивов, редактирования свойств геометрических примитивов, выполнения зеркальных отображений объектов и масштабирования элементов
Прикладные информационные технологии в профориентационной работе
Authors: Батчаева З.Б , Джаттоева Л.У
Published: June 2023

В эпоху информационных технологий необходимы новые подходы к различным привычным вещам. Сегодня надежной методологии и качественной программы профессиональной ориентации недостаточно, чтобы конкурировать с интернетом и телевидением. В статье рассматриваются возможности использования прикладных информационных технологий, применяемых при работа по профориентации.
Синтез и биологическая активность N-нитроарилпроизводных пирролидина
Authors: Лобанова Л.В
Published: June 2023

Проведен виртуальный скрининг нитроаренов, содержащих циклические вторичные амины. Установлено, что соединения, содержащие пирролидиновый цикл, а также атомы хлора, амино- или карбоксильные группы, имеют наибольшую вероятность проявления биологической активности. В условиях реакции SNAr и дальнейшей функционализации проведен синтез данных структур. Наибольшей способностью к ингибированию МАР(р38)- киназы обладали соединения, содержащие карбоксильную и нитрогруппы.
Особенности реализации школьных экологических квестов с использованием цифровой лаборатории
Authors: Шарыпова Н.В , Соловьѐва А.Л , Камалова А.Р
Published: June 2023

В статье представлены особенности проведения экологических квестов в школьном курсе биологии. Дано понятие квеста и приведена классификация. На конкретных примерах заданий квеста с использованием датчиков цифровой лаборатории по экологии показана роль игровых технологий в формировании естественнонаучной грамотности обучающихся.
Контракт о службе в органах внутренних дел Российской Федерации: административно-правовой аспект
Authors: Бялт В.С , Чимаров С.Ю.
Published: June 2023

В статье авторы исследуют вопросы, касающиеся понятия, содержания контракта в органах внутренних дел, его видов и организационно-правовых основ заключения в аспекте административно-правового анализа. Рассматривая особенности регулирования правоотношений в обозначенной сфере, авторы формулируют и обосновывают ряд выводов по указанной проблематике
Административное принуждение как государственно-правовой институт
Authors: Вагайцев В.М.
Published: June 2023

В данной статье рассматривается административное принуждение как вид деятельности органов государственного управления, направленной на реализацию социальных правоотношений, возникающих между субъектами. Оно является важным составляющим любой сферы жизнедеятельности общества. Ряд ученых рассматривают данное понятие по-разному. Однако, учѐные административисты выделяют формы, признаки и классификацию данной меры воздействия, а также цели и задачи. Сущность административного принуждения заключается в правовой природе мер, применяемых в судебном и внесудебном порядке. Перечень мер принудительного воздействия, которые применяются органами публичной власти, закреплен в нормативно-правовых актах, касающихся множество сфер российского права.
Некоторые аспекты понятия и сущности организованной группы
Authors: Гунькин Ю.И.
Published: June 2023

В статье рассматриваются некоторые аспекты понятия и сущности организованной группы, квалификации преступлений, совершенных в составе группы лиц, раскрываются различные теоретические подходы к определению понятия и сущности организованной группы. Проводится анализ условий наступления уголовной ответственности за создание, участие и руководство организованной группой.
Наследование как основание приобретения права собственности
Authors: Леонов Н.С
Published: June 2023

Институт наследования является одним из самых древних институтов права и в эпоху римского права составлял основу гражданского права. Если раньше наследование распространялось только на движимое имущество, то затем такое право закрепилось и за недвижимым имуществом. Осталась также неизменной и природа наследственных отношений – возникают в момент открытия наследства и прекращаются в момент возникновения у наследников соответствующего права. Ввиду постоянно изменяющихся общественных отношений, отмечаются тенденции развития наследования как основание приобретения права собственности, что требует особого внимания в современной России.
Правовая природа цифровых активов
Authors: Мотовилина А.В.
Published: June 2023

В настоящее время темой для широкой полемики являются цифровые активы как принципиально новые объекты российского правового регулирования. Криптовалюта уже давно перестала быть призрачной перспективой, а стала выступать как объективное экономические и правовое явление. В связи с этим, в данной статье активно исследуется сущностные характеристика цифровых активов, их отличие от бездокументарных ценных бумаг, что позволяет сделать вывод о правовой природе такого явления. Делается вывод о том, что цифровые активы имеют сложную правовую природу, а законодатель при выборе подхода по определению данного явления, руководствуется лишь формалистским подходом
Административное наказание как мера предупреждения совершения новых преступлений
Authors: Шаназарова Е.В , Савин А.А.
Published: June 2023

Статья посвящена раскрытию административных наказаний как меры предупреждения совершения новых преступлений. В российской истории развития административного права долгое время административные взыскания, как вид юридической ответственности, не выделялись. Сегодня наказание административное является формой государственного принуждения и представляет собой ответ государства на административное правонарушение. Необходимо отметить, что государство от своего имени производит назначение административного наказания, которое является обязанностью лица понести все неблагоприятные ограничения и лишения, а именно его могут ограничить в правах и свободах. Кодекс об административных правонарушениях содержит исчерпывающий перечень административных наказаний.
Задача о малых вертикальных колебаниях сжимаемой вязкой экспоненциально стратифицированной жидкости
Authors: Глушко А.В. , Логинова Е.А. , Топильская А.С.
Published: June 2023

Работа посвящена изучению сжимаемой вязкой экспоненциально стратифицированной жидкости, совершающей малые вертикальные колебания. Строится решение начальной задачи для такой жидкости, т.е. находятся вертикальная скорость частицы жидкости отклонение плотности от стационарной и отклонение давления от стационарного. Доказывается выполнение начального условия, приводятся оценки решения и его производных и, что представляется наиболее значимым результатом, выписываются следующие асимптотические представления при компонент решения.
Оценка изменений показателей вибрационной чувствительности кончиков пальцев рук у бурильщиков и полировщиков разного возраста
Authors: Гайсин А.А , Валеев Т.К , Нигматуллин И.М , Курбангалеева Р.Ш
Published: June 2023

Рассматриваются вопросы изменений показателей вибрационной чувствительности кончиков пальцев рук у работников двух профессиональных групп – бурильщиков и полировщиков, вследствие воздействия производственной локальной вибрации. В результате исследования установлено, что у обследованных работников по мере увеличения возраста наблюдается тенденция снижения вибрационной чувствительности. Наиболее выражена эта закономерность у бурильщиков на частотах 8 Гц, 16 Гц, 32 Гц, 63 Гц и 125 Гц, а у полировщиков на всех частотах, выходя за границы нормальных значений
Клинический случай: эхинококкоз печени
Authors: Заец В.В. , Варфоломеев В.С
Published: June 2023

Эхинококкоз – паразитарное заболевание, обусловленное проникновением личиночной стадии ленточного червя рода Echinococcus в организм человека. Первичная заболеваемость эхинококкоза в различных регионах РФ составляет 0,37-0,39 на 100 тысяч населения. Архангельская область не является эндемичным районом для эхинококкоза, и заболеваемость им составляет от ноля до нескольких случаев в год.
Higher Improvement of Cardiac Function Following Myocardial Infarction using Menstrual Blood Stromal/Stem Cells (MenSCs) Suspended in Conditioned Medium versus Conditioned Medium Alone in Rat Model
Authors: Manshori Mahmood , Kazemnejad Somaieh , Naderi Nasim , Shirazi Abolfazl , Arabian Maedeh , Eghtedar Doost Marzieh , Darzi Maryam , Montazeri Samaneh , Aboutaleb Nahid , Golshahi Hannaneh
Published: June 2023

Background: To evaluate the efficiency of Menstrual blood Stromal/Stem Cells (MenSCs) administration in Myocardial Infarction (MI), the effects of MenSCs and their derived conditioned Medium (CM) on cardiac function in MI rat model was assessed.
Methods: Animals were divided into four groups including sham group, MI group, MenSCs derived CM group (CM group), and MenSCs suspended in CM (MenSCs+ CM) group. The injection of different groups was carried out 30 min after ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery into the infarct border zone.
Results: The results showed a significant reduction in scar size after injection of MenSCs+CM compared to MI group. Ejection fraction and fractional shortening of MenSCs+CM group were higher than CM and MI group at day 28. Administration of MenSCs+CM led to much more survival of cardiomyocytes, and prevention of metaplastic development. Moreover, human mitochondrial transfer from MenSCs to cardiomyocytes was seen in group treated by MenSCs+CM. Indeed, MenSCs+CM treatment evoked nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) down-regulation more than other treatments.
Conclusion: MenSCs+CM treatment could significantly ameliorate cardiac function by different mechanisms including inhibition of cartilaginous metaplasia, inhibition of NF-κB and mitochondrial transfer.
Glycation Inhibition of Bovine Serum Albumin by Extracts of Momordica charantia L. using Spectroscopic and Computational Methods
Authors: Oso Babatunde , Agboola Olubukola , Olaoye Ige
Published: June 2023

Background: Momordica charantia (M. charantia) has been used in traditional medicine for the management of complications associated with diabetes mellitus. Several phytochemicals with different pharmacological properties have been previously identified from the botanical; however, the mechanisms of actions of this plant vis-à-vis inhibition of non-enzymatic protein glycation are not known. This study aimed at understanding the putative mechanisms underlying the antiglycation properties of M. charantia extracts experimental and theoretical approaches.
Methods: The antiglycation properties of the plant were evaluated by studying the inhibitory actions of methanol and aqueous extracts on glucose-induced glycation of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and protein aggregation. The mode of binding of identified phenolics of the botanical with BSA, amyloid beta-peptide (1-42) and 3D amyloid beta (1-42) fibrils were also investigated.
Results: The in vitro experimental properties of the extracts showed that the extracts could prevent inductions of protein glycation and protein folding. The molecular docking analyses revealed that phenolics had better binding affinities with chlorogenic acid showing the highest binding score (-7.13±0.04 kcal/mol) towards BSA than glucose and their respective interactions with BSA could prevent glucose-induced protein aggregation.
Conclusion: Consequently, the results of this study provide insight into the probable mechanisms of actions of the extracts of M. charantia against the inhibition of advanced glycation end products formation
Central Representation of Speech-in-Noise Perception: A Narrative Review
Authors: Emami Seyede Faranak , Shariatpanahi Elnaz
Published: June 2023

Background and Aim: Speech-in-Noise (SIN) perception is one of the most important issues processed by human listeners. The purpose of speech tests is to determine the perceptual abilities of people in real life conditions; therefore, can speech tests in quiet be a valuable measure of this ability? Is the central representation of speech-in-quiet and SIN perception the same? This review study aimed to investigate the central representation of SIN perception in healthy individuals aged 14 to 60 years.
Recent Findings: Central representation of SIN perception is influenced by various peripheral factors and includes several neural processes. All auditory nerve fibers are stimulated by speech and noise. Low-frequency sounds play a much more important role than high-frequencies. The auditory nerve fibers that are stimulated by speech, respond only to fundamental frequencies (F0). The degree of neural synchronization that increases by noise and causes the simultaneous activity of these fibers, develops auditory processing. Large areas of the auditory cortex and its external parts (parietal, premotor, and mirror neurons) are stimulated. Larger groups of cortical nerve fibers are used for speech signals of the same family with significant ecological importance.
Conclusion: Central representation of SIN perception is not the same as in quiet. Speech perception tests in quiet cannot assess real-life perceptual abilities of people. SIN tests should be used routinely as a practical confirmatory test in audiology clinics. It is very necessary  that the list of words and sentences required for SIN perception tests be prepared for different languages.
Keywords: Speech; noise; perception; auditory cortex; brainstem
Combination of Vestibular Rehabilitation and Galvanic VestibularStimulation ImprovesVerbal andVisuospatial Memory: A Randomized Control Trial in Patients with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Kamali Behnoush , Ghahraman Mansoureh Adel , Hoseinabadi Reza , Aghamollaii Vajiheh , Jalaie Shohreh
Published: June 2023

Background and Aim: Considering the critical input of the vestibular system to the hippocampus as an area involved in cognition, and vestibular disorders reported in patients with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI), we aimed to investigate the effects of Vestibular Rehabilitation (VR) with and without noisy Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation (nGVS) on cognitive function in patients with aMCI.
Methods: In a randomized controlled trial, twenty-two patients with aMCI were randomly assigned to two groups receiving: 1) VR for four weeks (VR group); 2) VR for four weeks with nGVS for three sessions (GVS+VR group). Outcome measures were Rey's Auditory-Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Corsi blocks, Visual Search (VS), and match to sample tests.
Results: Mean immediate and delayed recalls of RAVLT, all of the outcomes of Corsi blocks and VS tests, and the error rate of the match to sample tests improved significantly after intervention in VR and GVS+VR groups. Between-group differences were observed for learning and delayed recalls of RAVLT (p=0.001, d=0.444 and p<0.001, d=0.512 respectively), reaction times 1 and 2 in VS (p=0.007, d=0.325 and p=0.001, d=0.446 respectively), the total correct trial of Corsi blocks (p=0.026, d=0.235), and error rate of the match to sample (p=0.017, d=0.266) tests.
Conclusion: The synergistic effect of VR and GVS suggested that simultaneous use of both stimulations improves verbal and visuospatial memory in aMCI patients. Study protocol location: https://irct.ir/trial/47249 Trial registration number: IRCT20160131026279N3
Keywords: Mild cognitive impairment; spatial memory; verbal memory; hippocampus; galvanic vestibular stimulation; vestibular rehabilitation
The Translation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Persian Version of Iowa Tinnitus Primary Function Questionnaire
Authors: Namvar Arefi Hossein , Haddadi Aval Majid , Ranjbar Nastran , Jafarzadeh Sadegh
Published: June 2023

Background and Aim: Tinnitus is a common symptom and  affects  patients  differently. The Iowa Tinnitus Primary Function (ITPF) questionnaire evaluates tinnitus in four areas: concentration, emotion, hearing, and sleep. This study aimed to translate and then assess the psychometrics of the ITPF questionnaire.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional and methodological (test construction) study. The questionnaire was translated by the Word Health Organization protocol. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were assessed. The measured validities  were  the  content, face, and discriminative. The reliability was estimated by internal consistency and test-retest stability. We also measured the effects of age and sex on the questionnaire’s score.
Results: The questionnaire was translated based on the protocol. Each item of the questionnaire was understandable for patients and healthy participants. The face and content validities were confirmed by the patients and specialists, respectively. The score of 10.97 was determined as the cutoff point between patients and healthy participants, with a sensitivity of 86.70% and a specificity of 96.10%. The Cronbach α was found to be 0.958, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.975. No significant effect was observed for age (p=0.314) and gender (p=0.866).
Conclusion: The Persian version of the questionnaire showed high validity and reliability. It could be used in research and clinical settings.
Keywords: Tinnitus; tinnitus primary function questionnaire; reliability; validity
The Effects of Type of Fitting, Technology and User Experience on Satisfaction with Hearing Aid Assessed by Persian Version of the MarkeTrak Survey
Authors: Mohammadian Somayeh , Kamali Mohammad , Maarefvand Mohammad , Mobaraki Hossein
Published: June 2023

Background and Aim: Satisfaction with hearing  aids is very important  for continued  use of the device and improving hearing status and quality of lives of people with hearing loss. MarkeTrak survey has been used for many years to track factors influencing satisfaction with hearing aids. This study aimed to make a valid and reliable Persian version of the MarkeTrak survey to measure the effects of type of fitting, experience and technology on hearing aid satisfaction.
Methods: After confirmation of validity and reliability of the Persian MarkeTrak, 71 people participate in the study. The effects of bilateral versus unilateral hearing aids (type of fitting), experience and wireless versus non-wireless technology were tested.
Results: Bilateral hearing aid users has significantly higher satisfaction rate than unilateral users (65.6±7.2 versus 59.9±17.7). The effects of experience with using hearing aids and type of technology did not reach statistical significance.
Conclusion: Higher satisfaction with bilateral hearing aids might result from better sound quality in diverse listening conditions, spatial hearing and directionality with two ears rather than one ear.
Keywords: Persian MarkeTrak; bilateral hearing aids; wireless; experience; satisfaction
Real-ear Unaided Gain in Wrestlers with Unilateral Cauliflower Ear
Authors: Pahlavan Yali Kamal , Maarefvand Mohammad
Published: June 2023

Background and Aim: Real-Ear Unaided Gain (REUG) can reveal the outer-ear resonance which reflects the effects of body and ear factors. Deformity in the outer ear may change the real-ear unaided responses. Cauliflower ear is a common ear deformity in wrestlers. This study aimed to compare the REUG of normal and cauliflower ear in wrestlers to investigate the frequencies at which the gain may be inaccurate.
Methods: Ten male wrestlers with the age ranged from 21 to 31 years participated in this study. The study had within-subject design and only one group. The REUGs was recorded for both ears, normal and cauliflower ears, and the results analyzed.
Results: The mean of REUG values were significantly different between the deformed and normal ears. There were two distinct peaks in the REUG curve of the deformed ear, while there was a single peak in that of the normal ear.
Conclusion: The differences in the REUG at 2–6 kHz between the deformed and normal ears was seen.
Keywords: Cauliflower ear; real ear unaided gain; probe microphone measurement; ear canal resonance
Decolonialidade na Educação Matemática: uma revisão sistemática de literatura
Authors: Pereira Sandy Aparecida , Godoy Elenilton Vieira
Published: June 2023

O movimento de decolonialidade matemática possui entrelugares de resistência, que sugerem posturas de emancipação política, epistêmica e pedagógica. Nesse sentido, o artigo tem como objetivo identificar como os conceitos decoloniais foram colocados em movimento com a Educação Matemática. Metodologicamente, trata-se de uma revisão sistemática de literatura, que segue os protocolos de PRISMA com suporte nas ferramentas de AMSTAR. Os trabalhos revisados discutem a perspectiva decolonial com a Educação Matemática na tentativa de mobilizar sentidos às escolas e universidades. Em análise, os resultados revelam que a decolonialidade ganha evidência no campo educacional, no entanto são escassas as pesquisas teóricas que mostrem outros caminhos matemáticos que decolonizem práticas tão hegemônicas, para além de trajetórias etnomatemáticas.
A Practitioner's Guide to Measurement in Learning Analytics: Decisions, Opportunities, and Challenges
Authors: Gray Geraldine , Bergner Yoav
Published: June 2023

What is our data measuring, why are we measuring it, and what can we infer from our measurements? These are key questions for models of learning, and the focus of this chapter. This chapter discusses the role of measurement in transitioning from predictive models of learning to models from which meaningful explanations about learning can be inferred. We consider how to associate latent constructs of learning with observable data from a variety of data sources relevant to learning contexts, illustrated with examples from recent LAK proceedings. We also review common sources of errors that arise with a variety of data collection instruments, and highlight the challenges and opportunities for progressing valid and reliable measurement of both learning itself and factors related to the learning process.
Cacophony of Networks in Learning Analytics
Authors: Poquet Oleksandra , Joksimović Srećko
Published: June 2023

Network analysis, a suite of techniques to quantify relations, is among core methods in learning analytics (LA). However, insights derived from the application of network analysis in LA have been disjointed and difficult to synthesize. We suggest that such is due to the naïve adoption of network analysis method into the methodologies of measuring and modelling interpersonal activity in digital learning. This chapter describes the diversity of empirical research using network analysis as a cacophony of network approaches. Focusing on LA studies that evaluate social behavior of individuals or model networks, the chapter exemplifies aspects of the analytical process that require rigor, justification, and alignment to overcome the cacophony of empirical findings. The chapter argues that the clarity of network definitions, hypotheses about network formation, and examination of the validity of individual-level measures are essential for coherent empirical insights and indicators. Future work should also make effort to model the temporal nature, multiplex ties, and dynamic interaction between the levels where interpersonal interactions unfold.
Learning Analytics for Understanding and Supporting Collaboration
Authors: Chen Bodong , Teasley Stephanie D.
Published: June 2023

Collaboration is an important competency in the modern society. To harness the intersection of learning, work, and collaboration with analytics, several fundamental challenges need to be addressed. This chapter about collaboration analytics aims to highlight these challenges for the learning analytics community. We first survey the conceptual landscape of collaboration and learning with a focus on the computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) literature while attending to perspectives from computer supported cooperative work (CSCW). Grounded in the conceptual exploration, we then distinguish two salient strands of collaboration analytics: (a) \textit{computational analysis of collaboration} that applies computational methods to examining collaborative processes; and (b) \textit{analytics for collaboration} which is primarily concerned with designing and deploying data analytics in authentic contexts to facilitate collaboration. Examples and cases representing different contexts for learning and analytical frames are presented, followed by a discussion of key challenges and future directions.
Teacher and Student Facing Learning Analytics
Authors: van Leeuwen Anouschka , Teasley Stephanie D. , Wise Alyssa Friend
Published: June 2023

Learning analytics systems are increasingly being designed for and implemented in classroom teaching and learning in K-12 and post-secondary contexts. For analytics to play a constructive role, it is important to consider how they are being used by teachers and students and how they can be designed to enhance and complement human decision making. In this chapter, we first discuss issues that teachers and students face in the sensemaking of learning analytics systems as well as in the subsequent phase of acting on the information provided by such systems. We then discuss the following aspects for teacher facing and then student facing analytics: (a) theoretical models underlying analytics use; (b) ways analytic systems have been designed and implemented; (c) evidence of impact the systems have had on teaching and learning. The chapter ends with an overarching discussion of challenges that concern both teacher and student facing analytics and introduces the possibilities for co-design of analytics systems to address some of these challenges.
Professional Learning Analytics
Authors: Littlejohn Allison
Published: June 2023

Professional learning is an important component of productivity in contemporary work environments characterised by continual change. Learning for work takes various forms, from formal training to informal learning through work activities. In many work settings professionals collaborate via networked environments leaving various forms of digital traces and ‘clickstream’ data. These data can be exploited through learning analytics to make both formal and informal learning processes traceable and visible to support professionals with their learning. This chapter examines the state-of-the-art in professional learning analytics by considering the different ways professionals learn. As learning analytics techniques advance, the modelling techniques that underpin these methods become increasingly complex and the assumptions that underpin the analytics become ever-more embedded within the system. This chapter questions these assumptions and calls for a new, refreshed vision of professional learning analytics for the future which is based on how professionals learn. There is a need to broaden our thinking about the purpose of learning analytics build systems that effectively to address affective and motivational learning issues as well as technical and practical expertise; intelligently align individual learning activities with organisational learning goals and to be wary of attempts to embed professional expertise in code written by software developers, rather than by the professionals themselves. There are also ethical concerns about the degree of surveillance on learners as they work and learn with anxieties about whether people understand the (potentially serious) consequences. Finally, learning analytics generally are developed for formal learning contexts, in schools, colleges and universities, missing opportunities to provide the support professionals need as they learn through everyday work.
Data Literacy and Learning Analytics
Authors: Mandinach Ellen B. , Abrams Lisa M.
Published: June 2023

Data use, whether through traditional methods in education or more sophisticated techniques such as learning analytics and educational data mining, has emerged as an important part of educational practice. Foundational to the use of data is data literacy; that is, educators’ ability to use data effectively and responsibly. A construct called data literacy for teachers has been operationalized and differs from assessment literacy to include the many diverse sources of data that educators now encounter. However, an issue, even with traditional data use is the extent to which educators have sufficient data literacy. The introduction of learning analytics presents the need for even more sophisticated data use capacity that may or may not be practical in most K-12 educational settings. This chapter explores the intersection of data literacy and learning analytics, and in doing so draws parallels between data use in the K-12 and post-secondary education settings, where data-driven decision making and learning analytics have traditionally been positioned. It provides a review of data literacy and the technologies that support data use. It discusses the practical challenges and constraints to transforming more traditional data use to include learning analytic strategies and how data literacy applies. The chapter then looks toward the opportunities and possibilities made possible by the sophisticated data use in learning analytics.
An Introduction to Fairness, Absence of Bias, and Equity in Learning Analytics
Authors: Uttamchandani Suraj , Quick Joshua
Published: June 2023

In this chapter, we examine the ways educational justice has been and may be taken up in learning analytics research. To do so, we first outline how we see equity as playing a necessary role in the future development of the learning analytics community. Next, we review how equity has been explored in this area heretofore, focusing on notions of algorithmic fairness and absence of bias. Then, we turn to newer political approaches to the study of learning that are emerging in the learning sciences. We summarize trends in this research’s conceptualizations of equity and the political dimensions of learning. Finally, we connect these related ways of thinking about social justice with respect to learning analytics, and examine the tensions and possibilities at their intersection. We close with some recommendations for the learning analytics field to ensure that it contributes to positive educational change moving into the future.
Cash-Plus Programming in Protracted Crises: A Review of Programmes in Contexts of Overlapping Conflict, Forced Displacement and Climate-Related Shocks
Authors: Lind Jeremy , Sabates-Wheeler Rachel , Szyp Carolina
Published: June 2023

This paper explores the nature and effectiveness of cash-plus programmes in protracted crisis settings characterised by conflict, displacement and recurrent climate shocks. Despite limited evidence on their suitability or sufficiency in such contexts, where high-quality supply-side services are lacking, cash-plus programmes aim to improve the wellbeing and livelihoods of chronically poor and food-insecure populations by providing cash transfers alongside services and assets to enhance opportunities in local economies. The paper reviews 97 cash-plus programmes in 16 countries, considering their design features and outcomes. It finds that cash-plus programmes in protracted crises, with some technical adjustments, resemble those in stable settings. For instance, objectives rarely explicitly address wider transformative agendas and drivers of vulnerability (such as economic structures rooted in conflict), often focusing on the micro-level – on households and individuals. Evaluation data on programme outcomes and impacts is limited, thus restricting the availability of evidence on better approaches. The paper concludes that cash-plus programmes need to address the specific dynamics and drivers of vulnerability in different protracted crisis contexts, going beyond interventions focused on individuals to tackle structural causes of weakened livelihoods. Furthermore, it highlights the need for more evidence on the effectiveness and long-term sustainability of cash-plus programmes in these challenging contexts.
People’s Agenda for Pandemic Preparedness
Authors: Grant Catherine
Published: June 2023

In May 2023, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that Covid-19 is no longer a health emergency. Now that the world is in this new period of living with the coronavirus, it is an important time to gather knowledge gained from our experiences. Over 50 researchers from 25 countries across six continents have come together to share the key lessons learned from the Covid-19 pandemic, the policies to mitigate it, and the impacts of these policies. Several resounding lessons emerged from across the globe that seemed to be at the root of many of the issues raised, including: resolving systemic issues; ensuring the most vulnerable are supported; increasing community involvement, and taking pandemic innovations forward for the future.