bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of the Reinforced Concrete Box Girders Strengthened with Carbon Fiber Sheets
Authors: Wei Cheng Long , Lei Xu , Wang Guang Hui
Published: December 2010

With the nonlinear finite element method and the program based on ANSYS which is redeveloped by APDL in it, the ultimate bearing capacity of reinforced concrete box girders strengthened with carbon fiber sheets is analyzed in the paper. The material nonlinearities of concrete, steel bars and carbon fiber sheets are taken into account in the three-dimensional finite element models in which the technology of "element birth and death" is used to consider the secondary loads of carbon fiber sheets. Four strengthened RC box girders same with above calculation models are made for experimental researches. The finite element calculation results are in good accord with those of the experimental researches, which verifies that the proposed numerical calculation method for the analysis of the ultimate bearing capacity of reinforced concrete box girders strengthened with carbon fiber sheets is rational and reliable.
A New Widening Method of Reinforced Concrete Box Girder and its Experimental Research
Authors: Wang Qian , Shi Lei , Zhang Zhe
Published: December 2010

This paper introduces a new box girder widening method- Steel cantilever widening concrete box girder method without piers (SCWCGM for short). Without additional piers, SCWCGM can still meet the need of widening range, which is an effective widening method for urban bridges. In this paper, the widening conception and the structure style of SCWCGM is detailed. In order to study the mechanical properties of this method, the full-scale model test was conducted. The results show that, the SCWCGM is reasonable and feasible.
Numerical Simulation Analysis of Pullout Test of Planting Steel - A New Reinforcement Technique
Authors: Mu Jian Chun , Xi Hui Feng , Wu Yong He , Li Sheng Qiang , Yang Guo Hui
Published: December 2010

The paper proposed a new reinforcement technique-planting steel technique. By numerical simulation analysis of planting steel, the load – slip curve, the load – stress curve and others were obtained. Meanwhile, ultimate bearing capacity of angle was calculated, and the ultimate bearing capacities with the same model at different anchorage depths were compared. With the anchorage depth increased, the ultimate bearing capacity increased too. But while the anchorage depth increased to a certain value, the ultimate bearing capacity no longer increased. All these provided a theoretical basis for the engineering application of planting steel technique.
Simulated Analysis for Strengthening RC Beam Bonding with External Steel Plate
Authors: Wu Lan Ying , Wang Yan Lin , Hong Fang
Published: December 2010

Based on the reinforced concrete beam structure bonding with steel plate are consisted of different materials, the finite element model of the reinforced concrete beam structure bonding with steel plate was established using the whole model and the separated model respectively, the deformation, stress, strain and limit load of the reinforced concrete beam structure under the symmetrical concentrated load and the uniformly distributed load were studied using ANSYS. The research results show that the limit load value based on the finite element simulation is basically equal with the experimental value, there has little error between them, but within the scope of control in error, and the limit load under the uniformly distributed load is greater than the symmetrical concentrated load; The results from the whole model and the separated model are basically equal with the experimental results, which show that it’s feasible using the finite element simulation to analyze the reinforced concrete beam structure bonding with steel plate.
Ground-Penetrating Radar Detection of the Defects in Tunnel Lining
Authors: Liu Yong He , Wu Ding Yan , Wang Jun Xing
Published: December 2010

Because of High-resolution, high accuracy, rapid and efficient, Ground-penetrating radar has been widely used in engineering testing as one of non-destructive evaluation (NDE) methods. Combined with practical work, this paper introduced how to use the ground-penetrating radar in tunnel liner testing, the detection, preferences and waveform analysis, etc.
Study on Development Strategy of University’s Architectural Design Enterprise
Authors: Du Guo Feng
Published: December 2010

For the sustained and healthy development of colleges architectural design company, on the basis of the analysis of strengths and weaknesses of such enterprises, we should combine the development of colleges architectural design enterprise, put forward the developing strategy of colleges architectural design enterprise, which upholds the characteristics of revitalizing the enterprise, creates the project of a joint large-scale enterprises, the role played by the students, combining production, learning and research. In this paper, the strategic plan has important guiding significance for promoting the development of architectural design company.
Study on Stress-Strain Relationship of FRP-Confined Concrete Filled Steel Tubes
Authors: Yu Feng , Wu Ping
Published: December 2010

FRP-confined concrete filled steel tube may fully use the character of FRP-confined concrete and concrete filled steel tube. Based on the analysis of existing experimental data, the formula of ultimate bearing capacity of FRP-confined concrete filled steel tube is proposed. The mechanical behavior of FRP-confined concrete filled steel tube is mainly related to the equivalent confinement effect coefficient before the rupture of FRP. Based on the static equilibrium condition, the equivalent conversion section is adopted; taking as main parameter, the simplified stress-strain model of FRP-confined concrete filled steel tube is established. The predictions of the model agree well with test data.
Axial Compressive Behavior of CFRP-Confined Concrete Columns Subject to Short-Term Preloading
Authors: He Zheng , Jin Jian Ping
Published: December 2010

Twenty-nine circular specimens in four groups were tested to investigate the effect of short-term preloading on axial compressive behavior of CFRP-confined concrete. The results indicate that short-term preloading generally put a slight positive effect on the axial resistance of pure axial compressive members. As the preloading stress level index increases, the elastic segments of the load-strain curves of confined plain specimens, with or without preloading, firstly increase and then decrease. The influence of short-term preloading on the load-strain responses of confined reinforced concrete specimens is found to be insignificant. The elastic stiffness of all confined specimens does not seem to be affected by the index, but it would be increased by the introduction of longitudinal reinforcement. The results also indicate that the ultimate expansion ratio of a confined concrete column is related to the index and confinement ratio. As the ratio of the index to confinement ratio increases, the ultimate expansion ratio firstly decreases slightly and then increases rapidly. The regressive expression has also revealed that the influence of short-term preloading could be ignored if a column is extremely heavily confined with CFRP materials.
Comparing the Use of CFRP Laminates with Light Gauge Galvanized Steel Plates in Structural Strengthening of Beams Subjected to Flexural Loading
Authors: Bsisu Khair Al Deen , Yaser Hunaiti , Malkawi Omar , Ynis Raja
Published: December 2010

Structural strengthening of beams subjected to flexure can be done by more than one method, both the CFRP laminates and the Light Gauge Galvanized Steel Plat methods are tested to compare the ductility of members designed using ACI-440 to reach the same strength.
Analysis for Axial Vibration and Internal Forces of Totally and Partially Embedded Pile Groups with Flexible Caps
Authors: Ren Qing , Huang Mao Song
Published: December 2010

In this paper, a simplified analytical method is developed for the axial harmonic response of totally and partially embedded pile groups in homogeneous and layered soil deposits. Based on BDWF model, finite element sub-structure method is used to setup the dynamic model of cap-pile groups which can precisely simulate kinetic interaction and inertial interaction. A comprehensive parameter study focuses on the influence of caps’ elastic modulus and mass density on pile groups’ dynamic response, and then points out the limition of rigid cap in practical design. An approximate solution is finally presented for the internal forces distributed on pile heads due to pile-to-pile interaction. The solution of above approach was compared with that of traditional simplified model (rigid and massless cap solution) in simulating an in-site experiment and dynamics response of partially embedded pile groups for offshore wind farm.
Bridge Buffeting Analysis Based on POD and Aeroelastic Coupling Method
Authors: Liu Zhe , Luo Yong Kun
Published: December 2010

The bridge buffeting response is a type of response varying with the time, space and frequency, in this paper, the bridge buffeting response analysis method based on Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) and aeroelastic coupling is proposed, which can consider the contribution of effective turbulence on the bridge buffeting response. To test the proposed technique, a cable-stayed bridge is used to compare current analysis with the results using the traditional buffeting simulation method.
System Identification of High-Rise Building under Unknown Seismic Excitation with Limited Output Measurements
Authors: Lei Ying , Liu Chao , Jiang Yong Qiang
Published: December 2010

In this paper, a system identification approach is proposed for high-rise building under unknown seismic excitation with limited output measurements. A high-rise building is decomposed into small size substructures based on its finite element formulation. Interaction effect between adjacent substructures is considered as ‘equivalent known inputs’ to each substructure. Unknown seismic excitation is considered as ‘equivalent unknown inputs’ at the first floor. By sequentially utilizing the extended Kalman estimator for the extended state vectors and the least squares estimation for the ‘equivalent unknown inputs’, structural parameters above the first story of a shear building can be identified. Then, with the analysis of the measured absolute acceleration responses in frequency domain and the peak-picking method for the estimation of the first natural frequency of the building, structural parameters of the first story can be identified from the frequency equation. Finally, the unknown seismic excitation can be identified via the numerical solution of a first-order differential equation. It is shown by a numerical example that the proposed method can identify high-rise building parameters and the seismic excitation with good accuracy.
3D Temporal Characteristics of Scale Model Responses in Shaking Table Test
Authors: Wang Yan Ru , Zhang Mao Yu , Dai Jun Wu , Tong Mai , Lee George C.
Published: December 2010

In this paper, we present the analysis on 3D temporal characteristics of a scale model for high-rise structure. Based on the parameter of instantaneous tangential acceleration aT, normal acceleration aN, Euclidean norm of acceleration vector |a|, Euclidean norm of velocity vector |v|, temporal curvature κ, κt, Some interesting relationships and information in depth between them would be obtain.
Investigation and Summarization of Buildings from the April 14, 2010 Yushu (China) Earthquake
Authors: Wen Bo , Zhao Peng , Niu Di Tao
Published: December 2010

This paper presents investigation results of buildings inYushu county, Qinghai province, which were severely damaged during the earthquake on 14 April, 2010. The M 7.1 earthquake caused large damage to buildings and serious personnel casualties in local regions. According to the different type of structures, the buildings are classified in different kinds of destroy degree and their destroy rules are summarized. On the basis of analysis and summary of the damage characteristics, the lessons are concluded and feasible countermeasures are proposed. Finally, some advices in reconstruction are given.
Parameter Identification and Numerical Analysis of Shaking Table Tests on Liquefiable Soil-Structure-Interaction
Authors: Li Pei Zhen , Zeng Da Ming , Cui Sheng Long , Lu Xi Lin
Published: December 2010

Using the parameter identification method of analysis on the test records of soil acceleration and pore water pressure from the shaking table tests for dynamic liquefiable soil-pile-structure interaction system, the dynamic properties of soil are obtained. Based on the recognized soil parameters, numerical simulation of liquefiable soil-pile-structure interaction test has been carried out. The results of the comparision of acceleration response and pore water pressure obtained from numerical simulation and tests show that the rule drawn from the numerical simulation is agreed well with those from the tests, though there are some disparities in quantity. So the reliability of parameter identification and numerical simulation technology in shaking table tests is validated. The result in this dissertation can be referred for future similar research.
Simulation of Flow past Cable with Upper Rivulet on its Surface and Investigation of the Cable Dynamics
Authors: Zhou Chao Ying , Xie Peng , Ji Wen Ying
Published: December 2010

Rain-wind induced vibration (RWIV) is a violent oscillation that appears on cable stayed bridge under rainy weather. Many researchers agree that the rivulets (specially the upper one) play an important role during the vibration. In present work, the upper rivulet’s effect is focused. A circular cylinder with an arches attachment on its surface is modeled to take the place of cable- rivulets system section in RWIV. Using finite volume method (FVM), 3D Flow past the cylinder-arch model is simulated for subcritical Reynolds Number (Re, ≈6.8×104). Large Eddy Simulation (LES) method is drawn in as a closure of turbulence model. The attachment locating at different positions are calculated. The results show many differences between cylinder-arch model and bare circular cylinder, including force coefficients change dramatically and velocity distributions in wake zone vary remarkably. Responses of cylinder-arch system driven by aerodynamic forces are also studied. Fourth order Runge-Kutta Method is introduced to solve second order ODEs that describe the vibration of cylinder model. The first four modal response are calculated and then added to analyze cable oscillating properties.
Seismic Response Analysis of Pier in Deep Water with Wave Effect
Authors: Jia Ling Ling , Han Yang
Published: December 2010

In order to study the dynamic of the pier under seismic and wave action , based on fluid mechanics principle , A FEM model and dynamic equation was established by nonlinear Morison equation. Considering both the effect of added mass of water and the coupling effect of fluid and structure, the Newmark-β method is applied to solve the coupling equation. The results are compared with the simplified linear algorithm. By the numeric analysis, the pier response is studied and analysed deeply under earthquake and wave force effect.
Fatigue Life Estimation of Rib-to-Deck Joints in Orthotropic Steel Decks
Authors: Zhang Yan Ling , Li Yun Sheng , Zhang De Ying
Published: December 2010

A typical rib-to-deck joint in orthotropic steel bridge deck in a suspension bridge is analyzed in this paper. A local finite element model of bridge deck is established by ANSYS, the vehicle load defined in current code is selected as live load, the stress distribution of the deck bottom in the rib-to-deck joint is analyzed. Let the wheel load move along the longitudinal direction of the deck, the maximum stress range at rib-to-deck joint is obtained under three loading conditions in transverse direction, which are riding-rib wall loading, over-rib loading, and in-between-ribs loading respectively. Using the principles of linear elastic fracture mechanics, the fatigue life of rib-to-deck joint in orthotropic steel decks is evaluated. The analysis results indicate that, the higher stress range under overweight wheel load is the basic reason which will induce fatigue crack at rib-to-deck joint. The Paris formula which is based on the linear elastic fracture mechanics can be used to estimate the residual life of weld joints in orthotropic steel bridge deck.
Wind-Induced Response of the Solar Chimney
Authors: Lv Xiao Dong , Yuan Xing Fei , Zhou Lian
Published: December 2010

Wind-induced response was investigated on the chimney of a 100MW solar thermal power station. Firstly, dynamic characteristic of the chimney was analyzed and the first eight vibration mode shapes and frequencies were obtained. Wind velocity time-history simulation was then conducted utilizing harmonic superposition method with Fast Fourier Transformation. Followed that, transient dynamic analysis was carried out to obtain the wind-induced response and the wind vibration displacement coefficient calculated. Numerical results indicate that the maximal displacement and acceleration of the chimney appear on the top with a value of 0.5593m and 0.1933m/s2 respectively. Wind vibration displacement coefficient on the chimney increases with height with an average value of 2.303.
Seismic Design of R.C. Stairs in Masonry Structure
Authors: Cheng Yuan Bing , Du Hong Wei , Zhang Shi Yun , Xu Liu Zhong
Published: December 2010

In view of masonry structures with rigid floor slab, seismic behavior of R. C. stairs and influence of stairs on the stiffness of lateral walls of stair well was analyzed, calculation formulae of the seismic internal forces of stairs were deduced, calculation method of the seismic shear forces considering the seismic effect of stairs on main structure were given out. Analysis and comparison on engineering ensamples were carried out. The results show K-type bracing function of step slabs to main structure is evident. Considering the bracing function, shear deformation of the floor layer and shear forces in the seismic walls are decreased, internal forces in R. C. stairs are increased. Seismic design recommendation of step slab to decrease the seismic forces was presented.
Seismic Analysis of Separated Platform Subway Station Structure
Authors: Zhou Yao , Wang Zhi Wei , Wang Yuan Feng
Published: December 2010

As separated platform subway station structures are close to the bridge piles, its seismic performance need to be analyzed. An artificial earthquake record is used to analyze seismic performance of the subway station structure. The artificial earthquake record with the Kanai–Tajimi model and trigonometric series superprosition method is generated. It is shown that the influences of the stresses of arch springing and basement are significant under horizontal direction earthquake. Under horizontal direction earthquake, the horizontal stresses of arch springing and basement are 1.46 and 1.61 times than the original stresses and their vertical stresses are 1.34 and 1.59 times than the original stresses. It is shown that the influences of the horizontal stress of soleplate and the vertical stresses of arch springing and basement are significant under vertical direction earthquake. Under vertical direction earthquake, the horizontal stresse of soleplate is 3.30 times than the original stress, while vertical stresses of arch springing and basement are 2.78 and 2.72 times than the original stresses.
Simulation of Non-Gaussian Wind Pressure Fields on Domed Structures
Authors: Aung Nyi Nyi , Ye Ji Hong
Published: December 2010

Wind pressure fluctuations acting on space structures are important for prediction of peak pressure values and for fatigue design purpose. Collection of several time histories of pressure fluctuations by traditional wind tunnel measurements is time consuming and expensive. Thus, a study on developing new wind pressure simulation technique on domed structures is carried out. An efficient, flexible and easily applied stochastic non-Gaussian simulation algorithm is presented using a cumulative distribution function (CDF) mapping technique that converges to a desired target power spectral density. This method first generates Gaussian sample fields using wavelet bases and then maps them into non-Gaussian sample fields with the aid of an iterative procedure. Results from this technique are presented and compared with those from the wind tunnel experiments. The advantages and limitations of this method are also discussed.
Seismic Performance of Concrete-Filled Square Tubular Column and Reduced Steel Beam Joints
Authors: Guo Yan Li , Yao Xing You
Published: December 2010

According to anti-seismic design principle of strong column and weak beam, and of strong joint and weak member, reduced beam section (RSB) is often used to shift away plastic hinge from end of beam to the weaken region of the beam. The non-linear finite element models are established for concrete-filled steel square tubular column and reduced steel beam with holes in flange or in flange and web, considering geometric large deformation and material nonlinear. Comparison is made on load-displacement curves, the stress distribution of reduced beams, the ultimate load-carrying capacity, the ductility, and the energy-dissipating ability between analysis results of different RBS joints and experimental results. It shows that the stiffness and ultimate load-carrying capacity of new RBS joints are close to traditional RBS joint, the plastic hinge in the new joints with reduced beam section can be moved to the reduced region, and the new joints display good ductility, energy-dissipating ability and seismic behavior.
Gradation Segregation Control in Asphalt Pavement Construction
Authors: Ren Yong Li
Published: December 2010

The segregation of gradation is believed to be one of the main causes of the premature pavement deteriorations. Much of unqualified aggregates used in asphalt pavement construction result in the segregation of gradation. The traditional aggregate handling method has the defects of poor quality in processing and low rate of qualified aggregate in result in highway construction in china. The beginning of the study is from more than 30 sections of the asphalt pavement construction, in which the sieve sizes for aggregate processing and the variation of aggregate gradation is under investigation. Found and used a set of standardized screens for aggregate processing on a large scale processing. The key of the gradation segregation control in asphalt pavement construction is the quality control of the aggregate processing, is pointed out. The relationship between the sieve sizes for aggregate handling and the standard sieve sizes which should be controlled; the relationship between the aggregate specifications and the screens for aggregate processing; and the relationship between the sort of mix and the aggregate specifications, is put forward. With application of the new aggregate processing method, almost all variation factor percent passing key controlled sieves is smaller than 2.6%. The mean surface texture depth measured from 229 inspection sites is 1.03 mm and the maximum variation factor of the texture depth is only 2.7%. The authors believe that the standardized aggregate processing technique reported in this paper is the most effective means to reduce asphalt pavement segregation and may open a new era in the realm of aggregate processing for highway constructions in China.
Research on the Factors Affect the Settlement of Soft Pile in Double-Layered Foundation
Authors: Zhang Shi Min , Yu Kai , Ding Zhi , Yang Hao Miao
Published: December 2010

The pile work on the complex properties of three-dimensional finite element analysis has been made by building-up one 4x4 soft pole. Having studied on the factors which affect the flexibility pole compound foundation settlement factor in foundation, include the level of vertical load, elastic modulus of the pile, cushion thickness and elastic modulus. The results show that: the impact of soft pile settlement of the factors, the level of vertical load and pile elastic modulus greater impact cushion modulus of elasticity and thickness of the less affected. As for the pole body elasticity modulus and the bed course elasticity modulus, the compound foundation existence is controlled give value preferential treatment most subsides, the bed courses among them almost can be ignored since effect is less.
Experimental Study on Performance of Pressure Sensor and Similar Material Model
Authors: Chen Shao Jie , Li Bo , Guo Wei Jia
Published: December 2010

In this paper, in order to get the mechanical properties of the different ratio similar material models and resolve the matching problem of pressure sensor and measured similar material, according to the similarity theories, the repeated loading tests on different ratio similar models were performed by multi-stage loading. This paper got the stress-pressure curve and the failure strength of each model. Test results show that there are significant differences in the matching abilities between different ratio similar materials and pressure sensors, and the matching abilities between different models of the same ratio and pressure sensors also have some differences. The matching ability between similar material and pressure sensor should be detected, so as to correct the experimental data. Test results also show that different ratio similar materials have stable and different mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of the similar material can be adjusted appropriately by changing the ratio. The mechanical properties of different ratio similar materials should be tested before the similar material simulation test.
Axial Strength of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Columns Reinforced by Inner Circular Steel Tube
Authors: Li Xin Zhong , Wei Xue Ying , Zhao Jun Hai
Published: December 2010

This paper presents the theoretical and experimental results of concrete-filled steel tube columns subjected to axially compression. A total of 6 specimens with outer square sections reinforced by inner cicular steel tube were constructed for experimental investigation. The ultimate strengths of the columns from tests were obtained. The theoretical strengths of the columns were also investigated based on unified strength theory, and compared with the test results. Good agreement can be observed from the comparison.
New Passivating Method to Galvanized Zn Coatings on Steel Substrate
Authors: Fan Yun Ying , Jiang Ye Hua , Zhou Rong
Published: December 2010

As the increasing environmental awareness, to explore no-chromium passivation technique on galvanized Zn coatings becomes one of the most urgent affair. In this paper, one kind of silicate passivation technics was invented and by which method silicate conversion film on galvanized Zn coatings with satisfactory property was got. It is found that solution composition and operating conditions of passivation affect the property of conversion film markedly, and the optimal technics is: Na2SiO3 20 g/L, H2SO4 5 mL/L, HNO3 5 mL/L, H2O2 10 ml/L, pH 2.0, passivation time 20 s, temperature 25°C. The corrosion resistance of galvanized Zn coatings with different passivated method, including no passivated, Cr(VI) passivated, Cr(III) passivated and silicate passivated, were investigated by NSS test (5% Neutral Salt Spray). The silicate conversion film can keep no rust for 72 h and obviously shows the best property. All the results show that silicate passivation can provide galvanized Zn coatings superior anti-corrosion performance, so this new technics can replace the conventional chromate passivation technology to avoid the pollution of chromium and has a wider application in future.
Experiment Study on Resistance of Ultra-High Performance Cementitious Composites Subjected to the Deep Penetration Scaled Earth Penetrator
Authors: Zhang Wen Hua , Zhang Yun Sheng
Published: December 2010

The ballistic shotgun was employed to launch the deep penetration scaled earth penetrator in velocity of 510m/s 820m/s for investigating the ultra-high performance cementitious composite (UHPCC). The influence of the compressive strengths and volume fraction of steel fibres of UHPCC for the penetration resistance and front face damage were systematically investigated.
Compressive Strength of Hardening Fluid Concrete by Explosion
Authors: Wang Hai Liang , Li Xin Ming , Yu Jian Xin
Published: December 2010

The explosion of fluid concrete under different explosive dosage is achieved by experiment as the main study means. After hardening, we carry out its compressive strength test by Shimadzu AG-X250kN electronic universal pressure machine. The experiment shows that compressive strength of hardening fluid concrete by explosion is higher than that in the same state. Explosive can increase compressive strength of concrete material.
An Experimental Study on Double-Tube Bucking Restrained Braces with Contact Rings
Authors: Yin Zhan Zhong , Wang Xiu Li , Li Xiao Dong
Published: December 2010

The paper designs the models of double-tube BRBs with contact rings by applying the existing general materials and carries out an experimental research on static properties, exploring on its bearing performance under the condition of unidirectional loading and the relationship between the bearing performance and the stiffness of outer-tube, clearance and slenderness ratio of inner-tube, so as to provide references for the engineering application of double-tube BRBs with contact rings.
The Development and Researches of Steel Bridge Towers in China
Authors: Wang Qian , Wang Chun Sheng , Wang Xin Xin , Xu Yue
Published: December 2010

Steel bridge towers have been widely applied in the countries like the United States and Japan for many years. However, in recent years, China has begun to use steel bridge towers in the bridge construction because of the national situation. In this paper, the development, application and related researches of steel bridge towers in China are presented. Two tests on the local buckling behaviors of steel bridge towers are introduced. Through the tests, the local buckling modes and mechanical characteristics of steel bridge towers are summarized and analyzed, and the mechanical behaviors between steel bridge towers with different cross sections are also demonstrated. The new achievements have been adopted by the new edition of China highway steel bridge design code. At last, the prospects of steel bridge towers are discussed.
Design Capacity of T-Strut Subject to Compressive Force
Authors: Xiong Xiao Li , Jin Li Bin , Wang Hui
Published: December 2010

T-struts subject to centroid compression buckle flexural-torsionally about their axis of symmetry. When the force is applied at the shear center of the section, T-struts buckle either flexurally or torsionally without coupling of flexure with twisting. Although the buckling load of shear center loading is greater than that of centroid loading, i.e. T-struts in elastic stage provide larger resistance to buckling about their axis of symmetry when the compression is applied at the shear center in lieu of the centroid of the section, T-struts with defect such as fabrication error, load eccentricity and residual stress always buckles in the elastic-plastic range actually, and the design capacity decrease by shifting the working line of a T-section compression chord to the shear center. That peculiarity is verified by the nonlinear buckling analysis of T-struts models in ANSYS.
Wind-Induced Vibrating Comfort Analysis of Long Span Sightseeing Bridge of Shenzhen Wan Sports Center
Authors: Fu Xue Yi , Huang Zhen Yu , Chen Xian Chuan
Published: December 2010

This paper presents wind-induced vibration comfort evaluation of a special and complex sightseeing bridge in Shenzhen Wan Sports Center which is one of the sub-centers for the 2011 World University Games. In order to predict the reliable comfort performance of the sightseeing bridge, wind-induced vibration time history analysis under different directions based on wind tunnel test was applied. The peak acceleration on the bridge under different varying structural parameters was also discussed. The proposed peak acceleration which appears at mid-span of the bridge under 10-year return period wind load basically satisfies comfort requirement of China’s standard.
Structural Behaviour of Blind Bolted Connection to Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Columns
Authors: Wang Jing Feng , Chen Xin Yi , Han Lin Hai
Published: December 2010

This paper studies structural behaviour of the blind bolted connections to concrete-filled steel tubular columns by a serial of experimental programs, which conducted involving eight sub-assemblages of cruciform beam-to-column joints subjected to monotonic loading and cyclic loading. The moment-rotation hysteretic relationships and failure models of the end plate connections have been measured and analyzed. A simplified analysis model for the blind bolted connections is proposed based on the component method. It is concluded that the blind bolted end plate connection has reasonable strength and stiffness, whilst the rotation capacity of the connection satisfies the ductility requirements for earthquake-resistance in most aseismic regions. This typed joint has excellent seismic performance, so it can be used in the moment-resisting composite frame.
The Numerical Calculation and Analysis of Burner Zone Membrane Water-Wall Temperature Field of a 600MW Supercritical Boiler under Various Operating Conditions
Authors: Li Chun Yan , Yan Wei Ping
Published: December 2010

The temperature field of a 600MW supercritical boiler water-wall in burner zone is calculated based on finite-element method. Bilinear quadrilateral is used in meshing. Flux rate of the fire-facing side is calculated in section. The work condition of working medium is determined based on inlet medium and outlet medium. And heat transfer coefficient is defined. Temperature field in different working conditions is calculated to analyse the safety of the boiler.
Numerical Simulation Analysis on Seismic Behavior of Cold-Formed Beam-to-Column Connections
Authors: Chu Yun Peng , Yao Yong
Published: December 2010

The cold-formed square steel tubular with light weight has better seismic behavior and is suitable for construction in the area with high seismic fortification intensity. The reliability of joint connection greatly influence the safety reliability of structure, which’s restoring force characteristics under low cyclic loading need to be further researched. The finite element software ANSYS is used to do the research between two welded joints. The results show that : (1)Compared with typical welded joint, the ultimate bearing capacity of improved joint increase much, hysteretic curve is more plump, energy dissipation capacity enhance and stiffness degradation is slow. (2) Axial compression ratio has great influence on hysteretic behavior, bearing capacity and stiffness of common welded joints; however, there is a little effect on improved joint’s bearing capacity and stiffness. (3) After improved, the yield of joint has a longer yield platform, and under the same axial compression ratio condition, its yielding and ultimate load both obviously superior to common welded joints.
Hoisting Dynamics Analysis of Suspended Access Equipment
Authors: Zheng Xi Jian , Lu Zhen , Xie Zheng Yi , Hong Yan
Published: December 2010

Suspended access equipment (SAE) is widely used and the impact load effect on the structure of SAE while hoisting from the ground is to be researched. In the paper, three methods were taken to analyze hoisting dynamics response of SAE, including energy equation method, mechanics model calculation and finite element method (FEM), and it turns out that FEM is the perfect one. By using FEM, structure dynamics response curve and dynamic load factor were obtained. The effect factors of structure dynamics response were also analyzed. Measures were given finally to improve the effect of hoisting impact load by analyzing displacement and acceleration response curves of SAE.
Research on Analysis Method and Distributing Principle of the Optimal Prestress in Sunflower-Patterned Cable Dome
Authors: Fang Hong Qiang , Zhou Cheng Tao , Yang Fan
Published: December 2010

Sunflower-patterned cable dome which gets stiffness by prestress tensioning and force self-balance is a kind of cable-strut spatial tensile structure. If distribution of prestress in each layer of the structure is appropriate in construction, its deformation under vertical loads will be uniform. In finite element analysis software ANSYS, principle and method of selecting the optimal prestress distribution of sunflower-patterned cable dome were obtained through applying several different kinds of prestress on each layer of loop cable in calculation model and analyzing its deformation uniformity under full-span load respectively.
A Second-Order Inelastic Analytical Method on Semirigid Connections Steel Frame
Authors: Liu Jian , Huang Xiang Yun , Hao Ji Ping , Zhou Guan Gen , Peng Deng Feng
Published: December 2010

A second-order inelastic analysis of semirigid connection steel frame structures is developed. Therein, shearing deformation and axial force simultaneously are considered. A new stability function considered shearing deformation and axial force simultaneously is proposed and the analysis methods for steel structure of semirigid connection based on the structural ultimate bearing capacity are established. The calculatical programe of second-order inelastic analysis semirigid connection steel frame structures is compiled. The numerical examples of steel frames for semirigid connection are analysed using the second-order inelastic analysis in the paper. Load–displacements predicted by the proposed analysis compare well with those given by other approaches. The analysis results show that the proposed method is suitable for adoption in practice.
Constraint Analysis on the Steel Mid Tower of a Tri Tower Suspension Bridge
Authors: Zhao Qiu , Xu Chen
Published: December 2010

A certain project of tri-tower suspension bridge of which the main span was 1080m was taken as a case study of the mid tower stability. A 3D beam FEM model has been carried out to investigate the global mechanical behavior of the bridge in which the internal force response to several different typical load cases were specifically concerned. Moreover, the cable spring stiffness to the mid tower was defined as the ratio of the initial horizontal forces acting on the top end of mid tower to the corresponding horizontal displacement. And the effect of this equivalent spring stiffness on the stability performance of the mid tower was compared to other tow constraint conditions to the tower including free constraint and pin constraint. The comparison showed that the cable equivalent stiffness was 4342kN/m when living load was acting along the whole main girder of the bridge while this value varied with different load cases. The difference between the effect caused by the cable spring stiffness and the free constraint was small indicating that the stability of the mid tower was not sensitive to the cable constraint. In addition, with the increase of the equivalent spring stiffness, the longitudinal buckling eigenvalue also became larger and gradually approached the condition of pin constraint.
Second-Order Effect of Staggered Truss and Simplified Formula
Authors: Lu Lin Feng , Lin Li
Published: December 2010

This paper summarizes the regulations about steel frame second-order effect of some design code in the world, and find out a critical factor of controlling second-order effect. The second-order effects of staggered truss were studied systematically by using ETABS program, and put forward design proposals the second-order effects of internal force and displacement, the simplified formula on second-order effect magnification factor of displacement was given.
Static Strength of Concrete-Filled Circle Tubular (CFCT) T-Joints under Axial Loading
Authors: Song Sheng Zhi , Shao Yong Bo
Published: December 2010

For typical tubular T-joint, the common failure generally occurs near the weld toe on the chord surface due to the fact that the stiffness of the chord in radial direction is much smaller than that of the brace in axial direction. In this paper, the static strength of tubular T-joints is improved by filling concrete into the chord. The finite element method is used to investigate the improving effeciency of the static strength for tubular T-joints with filling concrete in the chord under axial compression and tension. Firstly, 6 T-joint models were analyzed to prove that filling concrete in the chord is effective to increase the static strength and the stiffness of T-joints with hollow section. Afterwards, based on the analyzing mechanism for CFCT T-joint under axial compression and tension, the different performances under axial compression and tension between circle hollow tubular T-joint and CFCT T-joint were clarified, and the different failure modes for tubular T-joints with hollow section and CFCT T-joints were compared and analyzed.
Experimental Study on Bearing Properties of Self-Compacting Prestressed Concrete Beams
Authors: Liu Wei , Chen Zhen Fu
Published: December 2010

Five different types of self-compacting unbonded prestressed concrete beams are designed to study the bearing properties of self-compacting prestressed concrete flexural members. And experimental studies are conducted on their cracking loads, flexural strengths, ductility of members and failure forms. The testing results provide references for design and establishing related codes of self-compacting prestressed concrete structures.
Numerical Simulation of a RC Frame Shaking Table Test Model Based on CANNY
Authors: He Li , Ye Xian Guo
Published: December 2010

This paper presents the nonlinear dynamic simulation analysis of a shaking table test specimen, which was a twelve- story reinforced concrete frame and tested under base excitations representing four earthquake records of increasing intensity. Owing to the length constraint of the paper, three cases are used for the simulation. The numerical simulation of the test model is conducted utilizing the finite element analysis procedure CANNY, and the analysis results include the natural frequency, response history of the frame and the damage evolution. It is concluded from comparisons between experimental results and the numerical simulation ones that the latter matches well with the former, therefore the validity of the analytical method and model for simulation of RC frame shaking table test is proved.
Prediction of Diagonal Crack Widths of High-Strength Reinforced Concrete Beam by Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Yao Ji , Cao Liang , Huang Jian Feng
Published: December 2010

Based on influencing factors of the diagonal crack widths of high-strength reinforced concrete beam, the paper presents a model for predict the diagonal crack width of high-strength reinforced concrete beam by artificial neural network. The model is verified using experimental data; it indicates that the neural network model has a good effect on the forecast of the diagonal crack widths. At the same time, artificial neural network provides a new way to calculate the diagonal crack widths.
Finite Element Simulation on Three-point Bending of Brazed Aluminum Honeycomb Panel
Authors: Peng Ming Jun , Sun Yong , Yao Ji , Duan Yong Hua , Wang Sai Bei
Published: December 2010

The mechanics behaviors on three-point bending of brazed aluminum honeycomb panel by FEM are investigated in this paper. The results show that honeycomb panel have three typical failure modes under bending load：failure of honeycomb core collapse, the whole panel bending failure and face sheet shear failure. Honeycomb lateral bending failure load is greater than the longitudinal bending failure load. When the ratio of honeycomb core thickness and panel thickness is between 10% to 15%, the strongest cellular panel bending occurs.
A Research on Performance of Waste Polystyrene Insulation Block
Authors: Guo Peng , Feng Min
Published: December 2010

Recycled waste polystyrene foam can be used as heat-resistant construction material, which helps reduce white pollution, benefits the renewability of resources, and brings a good economic and environmental return. In this paper, non-autoclave aerated concrete is made, which uses foam of polystyrene as its packing material，it also gives a research on performance of polystyrene-aerated concrete materia composition.
Study on Optimized Mix-Proportion and Crack Resistance of Modern Secondary Lining Concrete for High-Speed Railway Tunnel
Authors: Guo Li Ping , Sun Wei , Cao Qing Yu , Zong Jin Yu
Published: December 2010

Cracking is the most common damage in the secondary lining concrete because of its continuous thin-walled structure, potential surrounding rock pressure and poor curing conditions. In order to improve the crack resistance of concrete and to reduce the responding costs, seven series modern concretes including ultra-fine pozzolanic powder and different organic fibers are prepared and investigated. The optimized modern secondary lining concrete is determined as the concrete including 0.08% or 0.1% volume fractions of ultra-fine organic fiber (UF), based on the test results of segregation, air voids parameters, primary strengths and multi-factorial crack resistance. The spacing factor and average chord length of concretes including UF are less than 0.1mm, which is positive for mixing UF to enhance the crack resistance of concrete at micro- and meso-scale.
Preparation of a Superhydrophobic Carbon Dilm by a Novel Vapor Phase Transport Process
Authors: Li Gang
Published: December 2010

Extreme water repellency is greatly desired for anticontamination and self-cleaning applications in new building walling materials. A superhydrophobic carbon film was fabricated on the pure nickel substrates by a novel vapor phase transport method. The surface of morphologies of the pure nickel surface was characterized using a non-contact mode of atomic force microscope (AFM) and the structural properties of as-grown carbon film was characterized using scanning electron micrograph (SEM). The contact angles and the rolling angles on such films were measured through an optical contact angle meter. Wettability studies revealed the films exhibited a superhydrophobic behaviour with a higher contact angle of 160.7°±2.1° and lower rolling angle of less than 4°-a water droplet moved easily on the surface. SEM showed that compared with pure smooth nickel surface, a lotus-like structrure with micro-nano hierarchical papillae was obviously observed on the superhydrobic carbon film surface. Such a speccial surface microstructure may result in the superhydrophobicity.
Study on Effects of Admixture and Shrinkage Models on High-Performance Concrete
Authors: Meng Fan Shen
Published: December 2010

The study on contraction of high performance concrete affected by slag, ash, silica fume, concrete shrinkage reducing admixture and water reducing admixture indicates that early contraction distortion of high-performance concrete is more complex that of ordinary concrete. A practical model for calculating stressis given.Compared to ordinary model of contraction, the proposed model in the paper is more suitable for the contraction distortion calculation of high performance concrete.