bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental Risk Factors of Parkinson’s Disease: A Scoping Review
Authors:   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jaaffar Faeiz Syezri Adzmin , Noor Aizuddin Azimatun , Ahmad Norfazilah ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Risk factors for Parkinson’s disease (PD) fall into three broad categories, namely environmental, genetic, and lifestyle factors. Identifying environmental factors that increase the risk of PD would allow these exposure to be reduced and the disease prevented while facilitating experimental investigation of mechanisms and intervention options. Thus, the aim of this review is to summarise the current evidence on the role of environmental factors in the development of PD. Methods: All original articles published between 2018 and 2022 and written in English were searched from three databases, i.e., PubMed, Scopus Web of Science (WoS), using combination of primary keyword (PD and its MeSH and synonyms), and two secondary keywords; (“environment*”) and risk (factor*). Result: After a thorough screening process, nineteen articles were included in this scoping review. The environmental risk factors examined in the included studies fell into five categories: a) pesticide exposure, b) heavy metals and organic solvent exposure, c) drug abuse and d) air pollution and e) source of water. Conclusions: In summary, PD is a complex neurological disorder for which there are several environmental risk factors involved. Identifying and reducing exposure to these environmental factors could have a significant impact on the future occurrence of the disease.
Two gentry, two Fates: the Position of the Polish Nobility in Podilia at the End of the 18th – 19th Centuries
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Melnychuk Mariia
Published: October 2024

The existence of the Polish nobility on the territory of Podilia can be conventionally divided into two periods. During the first period, which related to 1795–1830, the policy of St. Petersburg in relation to the strata remained relatively loyal. The gentry was transferred to noble status, representatives of the group could apply for positions in the civil service, freedom of religion was preserved. The situation changed radically after The November Uprising of 1830–1831, after which the Russian empire took a course to limit the freedoms of the Polish nobility. The rentier gentry will experience a great collapse. The courtiers, who remained tax-free strata and didn’t hurry to swear allegiance to the emperor, were an obstacle for the Russian empire. In addition, St. Petersburg saw a potential danger in the political activity of the group that had a hand in the uprising. Over time, the rentier gentry were equalized in rights with the Ukrainian peasantry. The great gentry also experienced social and economic oppression, against which the government initiated demonstrative punitive trials. The educational and cultural policy of the anti-Polish direction included the persecution of church clergy and trials of students, the closing of churches and religious schools, the elimination of Greek Catholicism, etc. The Russian government was aware that the fight against culture is an effective tool that will help Poles to forget their ethnicity, so it spared no effort and no money. The initial attitude of the government officials of the Romanov state towards the nobility was the usual deception. The Polish uprisings of 1830–1831 and 1863–1864 were only a pretext for starting a repressive policy against a group that came from Russia’s hated rival, the Rzeczpospolita. The further attitude of the imperial ideologues was aimed at humiliating and subjugating the nobility, turning it into a second-rate figure of the state hierarchy and an obedient tool in the hands of St. Petersburg. A variety of tools were used: discriminatory legislation, humiliating trials, exile to a katorga, transfer of peasants to the rank of peasants in the case of the rentier gentry. However, the Russian Empire remained powerless, because Polish landowners continued to prevail in Podilia and retain strong influence.
Conversion of Waste Cooking Oil with Transesterification Process in Ultrasonicator using SrO-KF Catalyst
Authors: Santoso Aman , Ramadhan Laili , Susilo Bambang , Sukarni Sukarni , Wijaya Anugrah , Sumari Sumari , Muntholib Muntholib , Pramesti Indah Nur , Asrori Muhammad Roy
Published: October 2024

Waste cooking oil has the potential to be a raw material for biodiesel. The use of heterogeneous catalysts and ultrasonicator will optimize the transesterification and environmentally friendly. Transesterification study of waste cooking oil with SrO-KF nano catalyst has been carried out. This researchs were: refinement of waste cooking oil, synthesis of SrO-KF nano-catalyst, and the transesterification. The catalyst applied ratio of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 of SrO:KF with concentrations of 2%, 3% and 4% by weight of oil respectively. The results of heterogeneous catalyst using XRD and SEM showed that SrF2, SrO and KF compounds had been formed. The optimum transesterification conditions were obtained on SrO-KF catalyst (1:2), concentration of 4% (w/w) with a yield of 84.4% (w/w). The methyl ester of waste cooking oil has density of 884 kg/m3, acid number of 0.48 mg/g, and viscosity of 4.2 cSt. Methyl esters of waste cooking oil were composed of 25.14% methyl palmitate and 33.65% methyl elaidate, 11.27% methyl linoleate, 10.14% methyl lauric and a mixture of methyl esters from waste cooking oil has the potential to be used as biodiesel.
Preparation and Characterization of Blends with Small Amounts of Polyaniline and Polypyrrole Mixed with ABS Copolymer Matrix
Authors: Tainá Ferreira Bianca , Mariano Thamires , Badagnani de Carvalho Gabriel , Pasquini Daniel , Alberto dos Reis Ferreira Rondinele , Aparecida de Castro Leila , De Morais Luis Carlos
Published: October 2024

In this study, ABS copolymers were blended with doped polyaniline (PAni) and undoped polypyrrole (PPy) at concentrations of up to 2.5 % by weight. This allowed to understand how the mechanical and electrical resistivity properties of the ABS copolymer were affected by small quantities of these polymers. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that even with the smallest amounts of PAni or PPy added, significant morphological changes occur. The contact angle values revealed that there is a different limit in the addition of PAni or PPy to maximize the dispersive component effect. Mechanical analysis of the composites indicated that the addition of 0.625 % and 1.25 % PPy produced the highest values of Toughness, 3.87 MJ m-3 and 3.89 MJ m-3, respectively. The stress at rupture varied from 57 to 61 MPa for ABS-PAni composites and from 25 to 61 MPa for ABS-PPy composites. In addition, the strain at break of ABS-PAni composites ranged from 4 to 7 %, while that of ABS-PPy composites varied from 5 to 12 %. Both ABS-PAni and ABS-PPy composites did not reveal significant changes by Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Finally, the electrical conductivity (σ) of the composites increased six and eleven-fold, respectively, upon the addition of 2.5 % of doped PAni or undoped PPy, which were considered significant changes.
What Do We Know Without the Catalog? Eliciting Prior Beliefs from Experts for Aftershock Models
Authors: Schneider Max , Guttorp Peter
Published: October 2024

Fitting parametric seismological models to earthquake catalogs often comes with numerical challenges, especially when catalogs are small. An alternative way to quantify parameter values for a seismic region is by eliciting expert opinions on the seismological characteristics that each parameter corresponds to. For instance, expert beliefs on aftershock patterns can be formulated into prior distributions for aftershock parameters, for example, for the epidemic-type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model. We illustrate such a method by not only eliciting priors for ETAS parameters for the Pacific Northwest (PNW), a subduction zone with a complex tectonic environment, but also a relatively small catalog. We compare these priors with those suggested by the ETAS literature for global subduction zones, discussing implications for aftershock forecasting for the PNW.
THE MEDIATING ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT IN THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION QUALITY ON JOB SATISFACTION
Authors: Değirmenci Tarakcı Havva , Yıkılmaz İbrahim , Sürücü Lütfi
Published: October 2024

The study has multiple purposes. The first purpose is to measure the impact of organizational communication on organizational commitment and job satisfaction. The second purpose is to measure the impact of organizational commitment on job satisfaction. The third and final purpose is to determine the mediating role of organizational commitment in the impact of organizational communication quality on job satisfaction. The study data was obtained using a survey method from 390 healthcare workers in a state hospital in Izmir. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine the relationships between variables. The analysis results indicate that organizational communication has a significant and positive impact on organizational commitment and job satisfaction. Additionally, it was found that organizational commitment has a substantial and positive effect on job satisfaction. Furthermore, it was determined that organizational commitment plays a mediating role in the effect of organizational communication on job satisfaction.
Evaluation of the potential synergistic effect of Tetragonisca angustula pot-pollen with amikacin and meropenem against extensively drug-resistant bacteria of clinical origin
Authors: Araque María , Vit Patricia
Published: October 2024

Background. The combination of natural products like the bioactive stingless bee nest materials with conventional antibiotics offers a promising strategy to enhance antibacterial efficacy and contend with antimicrobial resistance. Objective. This study evaluated the potential synergistic effects of Tetragonisca angustula pot-pollen extract combined with amikacin and meropenem against six extensively drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria of clinical origin. Methodology. The inhibitory and bactericidal tests of T. angustula pot-pollen extract, amikacin, and meropenem were determined by minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration. The checkerboard method was employed to quantify the effect of T. angustula pot-pollen extract in combination with the selected antibiotics. Fractional inhibitory concentration indices were calculated to determine the interactions between T. angustula pot-pollen extract-amikacin and T. angustula pot-pollen extract-meropenem. Results. The ethanolic extract of T. angustula pot-pollen showed inhibitory activity against all strains tested, with ranging minimum inhibitory concentration from 16 to 128 mg/ml. The minimum bactericidal concentration remained within two ranges above the minimum inhibitory concentration. Based on the fractional inhibitory concentration indices values, 12 interactions were evaluated (T. angustula pot-pollen extract-amikacin and T. angustula pot-pollen extract-meropenem). Of these, 9 (75%) exhibited total synergism, while 3 (25%) showed partial synergistic interactions or addition effects. The combination of T. angustula pot-pollen extract-amikacin indicated a two-to three-fold reduction in the minimum inhibitory concentration for Enterobacterales and Pseudomonadales. The T. angustula pot-pollen extract-meropenem association showed a notable synergistic effect on Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter ludwigii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii, with a fractional inhibitory concentration indices ranging from 0.313 to 0.380. Conclusion. These results revealed that T. angustula pot-pollen extract may enhance the efficacy of existing antibiotics against extensively drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, offering a promising alternative in the fight against antimicrobial resistance. Further research is necessary to elucidate clinical applications and underlying mechanisms of the observed synergistic interactions.
La atención a la dependencia en el modelo de bienestar liberal: Casos de Irlanda y Reino Unido
Authors:   Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, de Paz Cobo Sonia
Published: October 2024

Como es bien conocido, el estado de bienestar se preocupa de que todos los ciudadanos tengan cubiertas sus necesidades básicas, a cualquier edad y ante cualquiercircunstancia, si bien existen distintos modelos en la consecución de su propósito. Sin embargo, no todas las aproximaciones a la concepción de ese término son iguales, existiendo distintas visiones según el país o la zona geográfica. El objetivo de este artículo es el de describir las principales características de los distintos servicios ofrecidos a la dependencia mediante los llamados cuidados de larga duración en Irlanda y Reino Unido, países del modelo liberal de bienestar.
Alcance y consecuencias de la (parcial) supresión de la reclamación administrativa previa a la vía jurisdiccional social
Authors: Ferrando García Francisca María
Published: October 2024

La entrada en vigor de la Ley 39/2015, de 1 de octubre de Procedimiento Administrativo Común de las Administraciones Públicas, ha supuesto la eliminación parcial de la reclamación previa a la vía judicial social. En esta materia, la vigente normativa procesal plantea diversos interrogantes en cuanto al alcance de dicha supresión en función de la naturaleza de la resolución impugnada y de la materia sobre la que versa, así como la determinación del trámite preprocesal aplicable (agotamiento de la vía administrativa o conciliación administrativa previa), en su caso, como alternativa a la reclamación previa. El presente trabajo tiene, precisamente, por finalidad responder a dichas cuestiones y analizar las consecuencias que, de la supresión de este trámite, se pueden derivar con relación a la tutela judicial de la persona trabajadora.
La tutela judicial de los daños derivados de contingencias profesionales en el RETA en supuestos de concurrencia de actividades empresariales
Authors:   Universidad de Murcia, Rodríguez Egío María Monserrate
Published: October 2024

La atribución de competencia al orden social, en virtud de la LRJS, respecto de los conflictos relacionados con el trabajo autónomo, la reclamación por daños originados en el ámbito de la prestación de servicios o que tengan su causa en accidentes de trabajo o enfermedades profesionales, así como en materia de prevención de riesgos laborales, genera ciertas dudas en cuanto al orden jurisdiccional competente para conocer de las acciones por daños derivados de contingencias profesionales en el trabajo autónomo en situaciones de concurrencia de actividades profesionales, sin que exista una doctrina judicial clara y unánime al respecto, de ahí la necesidad de aportar los parámetros sustantivos que han de servir como criterio orientativo en la determinación del orden competente.
Aspectos críticos del proceso laboral y el expediente judicial electrónico
Authors:   Letrado de la Administración de Justicia, Torró Enguix Joaquín
Published: October 2024

El desarrollo del proceso social en el entorno digital supone la exigencia de un replanteamiento sobre si su actual regulación es suficiente para atender a las necesidades y exigencias de tramitación, preservando las garantías y derechos de los intervinientes en el mismo, tanto en cuanto a los modos y medios de los actos de comunicación, como respecto de la misma documentación de lo actuado, una vez desaparecido el soporte papel, así mismo facilitando la labor del juzgador.
Znaczenie i rola kultury w nauczaniu Jana Pawła II w kontekście wybranych współczesnych jej ujęć
Authors: Król Jerzy
Published: October 2024

W niniejszym artykule przypomniano niektóre współczesne ujęcia i istotę kultury – jej rozumienie, aby właściwie odczytać myśl zawartą w nauczaniu Jana Pawła II dotyczącą jej rozumienia, znaczenia i roli. W tym celu przedstawiono niektóre opinie na jej temat oraz odniesienia historyczne. Starano się przedstawić myśl Jana Pawła II w odniesieniu do tych koncepcji, a zwłaszcza do nauczania Soboru Watykańskiego II i magisterium Kościoła. W tym kontekście podjęto rozważania na temat misji ewangelizacyjnej i edukacyjnej prowadzonej przez Kościół. Edukacja ta w swoich początkach związana jest z kulturą starożytnej Grecji i tradycją judeochrześcijańską. Zwrócono uwagę na wychowawczą moc greckiej paidei, a następnie przedstawiono specyfikę myśli Jana Pawła II odnoszącej się do roli i zadań kultury.
Rozproszona materia organiczna warstw menilitowych jednostek skolskiej, śląskiej i dukielskiej wschodniej części Karpat zewnętrznych
Authors: Ziemianin Konrad , Nowak Grzegorz J.
Published: October 2024

This work is devoted to the petrographic characteristics of dispersed organic matter in the Menilite Beds of Skole, Silesian and Dukla Units. Its purpose is to supplement the ongoing research on this one of the most interesting formations within the Carpathian Mts. with aspects of organic matter petrography, with the background of geochemical investigations. The main emphasis was placed on microscopic observations – the maceral composition of the rocks was characterized, the maturity level of organic matter was determined by measuring the reflectance of vitrinite fragments and also lithological aspects were described. The results were supplemented with data obtained from the Rock-Eval pyrolytic analysis, in particular parameters such as Tmax, TOC (content of organic carbon), HI (hydrogen index) and OI (oxygen index) were used. The relationship between the obtained results was examined, especially in terms of the relations between the maceral composition, geochemical parameters and lithology. All obtained results were traced both on outcrop and unit scale. Despite some limitations of the methods used, paleoenvironmental issues were also referred to. The rocks collected within Menilite Beds are characterized by various lithology. These are mainly different types of shales (argillaceous, marly, carbonate). Mudstones, sandstones, siltstones, cherts and micritic limestones are also present, but their content is lower. The richest in organic matter are shales and mudstones, while in the case of sandstones, siltstones and cherts its content is significantly lower. In the qualitative composition of organic matter, the following association is most often observed: alginite + bituminite + liptodetrinite + collotelinite + vitrodetrinite + fusinite/semifusinite/inertodetrinite. In few rocks some of the components are missing, however it is not common. Maceral composition is most often dominated by macerals of the liptinite group - alginite, bituminite and liptodetrinite. Their content is usually much higher than macerals from the vitrinite group (represented by collotelinite and vitrodetrinite).
Mind-body medicine and altered states of consciousness in Homo
Authors: Mohammadi Kazhaleh , Saniotis Arthur
Published: October 2024

The mind-body relationship has long been a subject of inquiry from both philosophical and scientific perspectives. Ancient Greek philosophers such as Pythagoras and Plato posited dualistic models, where the mind and body are distinct substances. In contrast, modern approaches in Mind-Body Medicine (MBM) offer integrative models that emphasize the interconnectedness of mental and physical states and the proactive role of the patient in their own healing process. This review examines the evolutionary roots of altered states of consciousness (ASC) as a precursor to current MBM techniques. By tracing ASC to early hominins and their cognitive development, it posits that the ability to enter various ASC—such as those used in rituals, meditation, and other mind-body practices—provided evolutionary advantages, influencing both individual fitness and social cohesion. Moreover, this review discusses tonic immobility in animals as a survival mechanism and explores parallels in human and non-human primate behaviors involving ASC. Additionally, neurochemical pathways that govern ASC, such as serotonergic and dopaminergic regulation, are explored for their roles in promoting social behaviors, cognitive flexibility, and emotional regulation. Furthermore, the role of the default mode network is investigated in relation to psychotropic and mood altering substances and altered states of consciousness. This integrated perspective offers new insights into the origins of MBM and underscores the significance of ASC in both evolutionary and contemporary contexts.
Investigation of antioxidant properties and influence on activity of collagenase and elastase of selected raw herbal materials from traditional Eastern medicine
Authors: Lewandowska Julia , Zych Maria , Szałabska-Rąpała Katarzyna , Kaczmarczyk-Żebrowska Ilona
Published: October 2024

Wprowadzenie

Tradycyjna medycyna wschodnia (traditional Eastern medicine – TEM) zyskuje coraz większą popularność w wysokorozwiniętych krajach Zachodu jako alternatywna forma wspierania zdrowia i pielęgnacji ciała. Wiele ziół stosowanych w tej praktyce medycznej posiada działanie antyoksydacyjne, przeciwzapalne czy immunomodulujące. Proces starzenia się skóry może postępować wraz z wiekiem, kiedy stopniowo ubywa włókien kolagenowych i elastynowych. Nadmierna ekspozycja na promieniowanie UV, pociągająca za sobą wzrost produkcji wolnych rodników, prowadzi do uszkodzeń na poziomie molekularnym licznych struktur w organizmie i m.in. przyspieszenia starzenia się skóry.

Materiał i metody

W naparach otrzymanych z surowców pozyskanych z Gynostemma pentaphyllum, Tinospora cordifolia, Astragalus membranaceus, Codonopsis pilosula, Asparagus racemosus oraz Ocimum sanctum określono zawartość związków polifenolowych (m.in. kwasów fenolowych oraz flawonoidów), potencjał antyoksydacyjny (metodami ABTS, DPPH oraz FRAP), a także wpływ na aktywność enzymów – kolagenazy oraz elastazy.

Wyniki

Najwyższą zawartość związków polifenolowych oraz najsilniejsze właściwości antyoksydacyjne obserwowano w naparach pozyskanych z ziela O. sanctum, natomiast największą zdolność do hamowania kolagenazy i elastazy wykazywały napary pozyskane z liści T. cordifolia.

Wnioski

Napary z O. sanctum i T. cordifolia mogą wykazywać potencjalnie korzystny wpływ na skórę, a także znaleźć zastosowanie w formulacjach stosowanych jako produkty przeciwstarzeniowe.
La actuación concurrencial de las personas jurídicas sin fines de lucro (y la libertad de realización de actividades económicas)
Authors: Pazos Hayashida Javier Mihail
Published: October 2024

El presente trabajo analiza si las organizaciones sin fines de lucro pueden participar en actividades económicas no directamente relacionadas con objetivos altruistas o solidarios en el contexto legal peruano, así que se busca desafiar la percepción tradicional de que estas entidades deben limitarse a actividades benéficas.Se investiga la intersección entre el interés lucrativo y la actividad económica, destacando la autonomía privada que permite a estas organizaciones definir sus propios objetivos y actividades.En resumen, este estudio resalta cómo estas organizaciones contribuyen al desarrollo a través de su participación activa en el mercado, destacandosu papel integral en la economía y sociedad contemporánea.
¿Cómo se declara la nulidad manifiesta prevista en el artículo 220 del Código Civil? Una problemática de cuarenta años
Authors: Ninamancco Córdova Fort
Published: October 2024

El artículo 220 del Código Civil permite al juez declarar de oficio la nulidad de un acto jurídico, pero solo si es ‘manifiesta’. Esta capacidad del juez ha generado dos interrogantes importantes: ¿qué pasos debe seguir el juez para declarar la nulidad de oficio? y ¿cómo se distingue una nulidad manifiesta de una no manifiesta?En esa línea, el autor del presente trabajo aborda la primera interrogante haciendo un análisis extenso de lo expuesto en distinta jurisprudencia (expedientes del Tribunal Constitucional y plenos casatorios).Sin embargo, hay un gran trabajo por delante en cuanto a la uniformización de la jurisprudencia, así como para alcanzar una correcta articulación entre esta y la doctrina.Así, el autor resalta la idea y la necesidad de encontrar un mecanismo de pasos para la declaración de nulidad que contemple los principios del debido proceso y a la vez sea restrictivo y eficiente frente a los usos de las partes.
Notas sobre la validez de los pactos prenupciales (y maritales)
Authors: Vega Mere Yuri
Published: October 2024

En el Perú, persisten temores en torno a la reforma del libro de derecho de familia; luego de 40 años de vigencia del Código Civil de 1984, el autor persiste e incorpora nuevas razones para acceder a su ‘contractualización’ como reflejo de una sociedad que cada vez está menos dispuesta a contraer matrimonio.Estamos frente a una regulación que prolonga la crisis matrimonial y es contraproducente para el propio ordenamiento.El artículo se sirve de la experiencia norteamericana y de las iniciativas de la Uniform Law Commission o el American Law Institute para demostrarla complementariedad que puede existir entre la libertad de las partes al momento de celebrar acuerdos maritales o premaritales y el posterior escrutinio judicial. Se enfatiza que una modernización del derecho de familia no involucra la renunciar de los principios propios de la rama.
Sobre los contratos de ejecución continuada e instantánea: el tiempo y la satisfacción del interés del acreedor
Authors: Vargas Sequeiros Luis Diego , Ojeda Villamar Rafaela
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo analiza la regulación nacional e internacional de los contratos de ejecución continuada e instantánea, destacando la naturaleza incompleta de dicha regulación y su impacto en la seguridad jurídica.Los autores proponen una clasificación basada en el papel del tiempo en la ejecución contractual y la satisfacción del interés del acreedor. Estos criterios se presentan como más precisos para diferenciar entre los contratos de ejecución continuada e instantánea, facilitando su aplicación práctica.
La mora del acreedor y el pago por consignación en el derecho del Perú y Argentina
Authors: Alferillo Pascual Eduardo
Published: October 2024

El régimen de la ‘mora del acreedor’ y del ‘pago por consignación’ se estudia en el Código Civil del Perú y en el Código Civil y Comercial argentino, es posible así comparar los requisitos para la configuración, procedencia y efectos de cada una de estas figuras en la legislación vigente.Este método permite conocer la evolución del vínculo entre los institutos para visualizar las posibles soluciones que perfeccionen su armónico ensamble en el contexto de los 40 años aniversario del Código Civil del Perú.
Potential Impacts of Dried Green Coleus forskolin Leaves on Thermo-tolerance Parameters, Blood and Plasma Profiles in Anesthetized Mice
Authors: Mohammed A.A. , Sayed M.S. El , AlGherair I. , Al-Suwaiegh S.
Published: October 2024

Background: Transient negative side effects of hypothermia, hyperglycemiaand bradycardia due to general anesthesia using diazepam and xylazine drugs has been reported in mice. Methods: Twenty albino male mice of 31.52±0.25 g body weight were classified into two groups; control group (G1) fed basal control diet versus C. forskolin group fed basal control diet containing C. forskolin leaves (G2; 1.5%) for four weeks. The mice were general anesthetized using xylazine and diazepam (XD) drugs (13.3 mg/kg BW diazepam and 26.6 mg/kg BW xylazine). Changes of rectal temperature (°C), glucose (mg/dl), pulse rate (pulse/min.) and partial pressure of oxygen (SPO2) were recorded at 0.0, 0.5h, 1.0h, 2.0h, 3.0h, 5.0h and 7.0h over general anesthesia. In addition, blood samples were collected and were subjected to blood and plasma analyses. Result: The results indicated that dietary C. forskolin caused significant decrease (P less than 0.05) in glucose values in addition to significant increase (P less than 0.05) in rectal temperature, pulse rate and SPO2 during the period hypothermia, hyperglycemiaand bradycardia over general anesthesia. In addition, values of blood (RBCs, WBCs, PCV and Hb) and plasma parameters (TP, BUN, creatinine, AST and ALT, LDH) were normal due to C. forskolin supplementation compared to control diet. It could be concluded that 1.5% C. forskolin supplementation modulates thermo-tolerance responses, blood glucose indices, blood and plasma metabolites over general anesthesia.
The effect of nitrogen fertilisation, biostimulant application and extra-root phosphorus fertilization on yield and quality of malting barley grain
Authors: Dufková Renáta , Hřivna Luděk , Kouřilová Veronika , Gregor Tomáš , Maco Roman , Šimečková Nikol , Špačková Karolína , Burešová Iva
Published: October 2024

A series of small-plot field trials were conducted between 2019 and 2021 with the spring barley variety Francin. The impact of Vital Root and YaraVita KOMBIPHOS on the grain quality of malting barley at varying nitrogen fertilization rates (50 kg·ha-1 N, 70 kg·ha-1 N, 90 kg·ha-1 N, and 110 kg·ha-1 N) was investigated. The following parameters were evaluated: grain size, thousand grain weight, specific weight, starch content, and protein content. The portion of grain <2.5 mm, weight of thousand grains, and specific weight decreased with increasing nitrogen fertilization. Additionally, a decrease in starch content was observed with an increase in protein content in the grain. The application of Vital Root and YaraVita KOMBIPHOS at lower nitrogen fertilization rates up to 70 kg·ha-1 N had a positive effect on grain quality.
The Effect of the Liberian Government’s Taxation Policies on Poverty and Inequality
Authors: Edeh Henry C.
Published: October 2024

Many low- and middle-income countries engage in tax policy reforms. This is usually motivated by efforts to increase tax revenue collection, and also sometimes to improve equity by reducing the burden of taxation on relatively poorer taxpayers. However, little is known about the extent to which these tax policy reforms affect poverty and inequality, especially at the household level. This study exhaustively analyses the progressivity and effect of taxation policies on poverty and inequality in Liberia, a low-income country, for the first time. After accounting for the informal sector, personal income tax (PIT) was found to be progressive in the pre-2011 tax scheme. However, it is more progressive in the post-2011 tax scheme. The pre-2011 PIT reduced inequality, but increased poverty. The post-2011 PIT also reduced inequality, but there was no incremental change on poverty. A simulated scheme, with a 75 per cent reduction in tax rates for lower taxable income bands, and 75 per cent increase in tax rates for higher taxable income bands, was found to be even more progressive. The simulation also confirmed the reduction in inequality and zero increase in poverty found in the current scenario. Goods and services tax (GST) was found to be progressive in both the pre-2016 and post-2016 GST schemes – implying that the rich pay more GST through their higher purchase of non-food taxable items. GST marginally reduced inequality but increased poverty in the pre-2016 scheme. The post-2016 GST scheme marginally increased inequality and substantially increased poverty. A simulated scheme, with a lower effective GST rate on taxable expenditure below a predefined threshold, and a higher rate on taxable expenditure above the threshold, was found to be more progressive. In addition, the simulation led to a greater reduction in inequality and limited increase in poverty. We suggest that increasing the current rate of PIT by 75 per cent for top income earners, and setting differentiated GST rates (5 per cent of effective GST on lower taxable expenditure and 95 per cent on higher taxable expenditure) will help to boost the equity of, and redistribution from, the Liberian tax system.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENENTU MUSLIM MILENIAL BERINSVESTASI DI TABUNGAN EMAS SYARIAH
Authors: Salama Sri Cahyaning Umi , Wardani Mahdayusiska , Hakim Imamul
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the interest of millennial Muslims to invest in sharia gold savings in Malang City. The population in this study were those who were included in the millennial generation with a birth range of 1980 to 2000 in Malang City. The sampling technique used the accidental sampling method with a total of 100 respondents. The data source in this study was primary data. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires via Google Form. The data analysis technique, namely SEM or Structural Equation Model modeling, was used as a research data processing technique with the help of the SmartPLS 4.0 test tool. The results of this study indicate that: (1) the knowledge factor has a significant effect on the interest in investing in sharia gold savings, (2) the security factor does not have a significant effect on the interest in investing in sharia gold savings (3) the investment risk perception factor has a significant effect on the interest in investing in sharia gold savings.
Penggerombolan provinsi di Indonesia berdasarkan instrumen akreditasi satuan pendidikan jenjang SMK menggunakan K-means dan average linkage
Authors: Fahriya Andina , Sembiring Febryna , Susetyo Budi
Published: October 2024

Improvement and updates need to be done in order to maintain the existence of a school. Accreditation is one of the references to assess the excellence of a school. There are several components used in the accreditation assessment included in the IASP, namely Graduate Quality, Learning Process, Teacher Quality, and School Management. Additionally, to determine which provinces have low, medium, or high IASP scores, clustering is performed on the IASP scores of those provinces. Cluster analysis is a method used to group research objects based on similarities in their characteristics. In this study, clustering was performed using the K-means and average linkage methods on the average IASP scores of vocational high schools (SMK) in 34 provinces in Indonesia. With the Elbow Criterion approach, four clusters were formed for each method. The results of Dunn Index showed that the average linkage method performed better in clustering compared to the K-Means method.
Keywords: IASP, Cluster Analysis, K-Means, Average LinkageMSC2020: 62H30
Parteiras tradicionais são “pura cultura”
Authors: Nascimento Sandy Swamy Silva do , Oliveira Cirlene Aparecida Hilário da Silva
Published: October 2024

O ofício das parteiras tradicionais é comumente considerado algo do passado, de um período colonial, em que os modos de viver eram regidos pela natureza, mas essas profissionais estão no tempo presente fazendo história. Sendo assim, este artigo visa analisar a Lei de Patrimônio Vivo como contribuição para a perpetuação do ofício das parteiras tradicionais do Piauí. Fruto de uma pesquisa de mestrado desenvolvida no âmbito do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Políticas Públicas da Universidade Federal do Piauí (PPGPP/UFPI). Para esse estudo, realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, bibliográfica e documental, com pesquisa de campo com entrevista semiestruturada com o gestor da área da cultura do Piauí, os dados foram analisados a partir da Produção de Sentido. Constatou-se que as parteiras tradicionais ainda não foram contempladas pela Lei, mas que a partir do estudo o gestor planeja incentivar sua inscrição.
Riscos, toxicidade e contaminação da bebida Kombucha
Authors: Cavicchia Luis Otávio Aguiar , Almeida Martha Elisa Ferreira de
Published: October 2024

Introdução: O chá Kombucha é uma bebida asiática feita a partir da fermentação de chá açucarado, realizada por bactérias do ácido acético, láctico e leveduras. Embora possa ser adquirido comercialmente, também pode ser produzido em casa, aumentando os riscos de contaminação por agentes físicos, químicos e microbiológicos. Objetivo: Discutir alguns possíveis cenários de contaminação na produção, riscos do consumo por indivíduos portadores de patologias e condições de saúde e casos de relato de toxicidade alimentar. Métodos: Revisão narrativa da literatura com artigos no SciELO, PubMed, ScienceDirect, capítulos de livros/e-books e websites. Resultados: O Kombucha tem nutrientes e compostos bioativos com vantagens terapêuticas. É fundamental considerar a origem, a higiene e o armazenamento da bebida, uma vez que a mesma pode apresentar contaminações físicas, químicas e microbiológicas. É importante avaliar os riscos associados ao estado de saúde dos consumidores, pois o seu consumo inadequado pode estar relacionado a complicações hepáticas e biliares, acidose metabólica, intoxicação, falência renal, e acidose lática em indivíduos com condições de saúde pré-existentes. Conclusão: Recomenda-se optar por consumir o Kombucha produzido industrialmente diante das preparações caseiras, além de obter orientação e instrução de um profissional médico ou nutricionista antes de consumi-lo, para verificar possíveis condições de saúde que possam ser agravadas pelo consumo da bebida que é desaconselhada para mulheres grávidas, crianças e indivíduos com as condições de saúde como os HIV-positivos, acidose láctica e metabólica, doença hepática crônica e cirrose biliar, infecção do trato respiratório superior ou inferior, gastrite, insuficiência renal ou anomalias hepáticas e renais.
“I always have to look attractive, but nobody cares on what I feel”: Aesthetic labor on Sales Promotion Girl (SPG)
Authors: Savira Pingkan Sekar
Published: October 2024

Aesthetic labor is a job that involves the display of aesthetic body appearance and emotions by the workers. Aesthetic labor practices are performed by service workers who interact directly with customers, including Sales Promotion Girls (SPGs). This qualitative research aims to reveal how aesthetic labor practices are carried out by SPGs and what burdens that they carry. A total of 10 SPG informants who have at least one year of work experience were involved. This research found that SPGs always have to maintain their body appearances and emotions to attract customers’ attention and convince them to make purchases. They even spend money to maintain their body appearances, such as for buying healthy foods, cosmetics, skincare products, and going to the salon. SPGs are also expected to always display positive emotions in any situation. Furthermore, SPGs often experience sexual harassment at the workplace. It can be concluded that while performing aesthetic labor practices, SPGs actually experience the practices of being a docile body too. In addition, SPGs have a double burden, namely physical and emotional burdens, in doing their jobs. However, there are still many who underestimate SPGs and ignore the difficulty they face as aesthetic labor workers.
The BET inhibitor sensitivity is associated with the expression level of CDC25B in pancreatic cancer models
Authors: Miller Aubrey L. , Garcia Patrick L. , Vance Rebecca B. , Heard Eric O. , Brown Eric J. , Yoon Karina J.
Published: October 2024

Aim: Cell division cycle 25B (CDC25B) belongs to the CDC25 family of phosphatases that regulate cell cycle progression. CDC25B also contributes to tumor initiation and progression, but no connection between CDC25B levels and drug sensitivity in pancreatic cancer has been reported. Based on our finding that bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) inhibitors decrease levels of CDC25B, we aim to compare the sensitivity of models expressing contrasting levels of CDC25B to the BET inhibitor JQ1, in pancreatic cancer cell lines in vitro and in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in vivo .

Methods: We compared the efficacy of the standard of care agent gemcitabine with the BET inhibitor JQ1, using alamarBlue assays to determine IC50s of three pancreatic cancer cell lines in vitro . We used immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunoblot (IB) to detect CDC25B. We also compared the effect of each agent on the progression of PDX models of PDAC in vivo with contrasting levels of CDC25B.

Results: Immunohistochemical data demonstrated that levels of CDC25B differed by ~2- to 5-fold in cell lines and PDX models used. In vitro data showed that the level of CDC25B paralleled sensitivity to JQ1. Similarly, in vivo data showed that tumors with high-level CDC25B were more sensitive to JQ1 than tumors with lower CDC25B. The combination of JQ1 + a pan CDC25 inhibitor was synergistic in gemcitabine-resistant Panc1.gemR cells that had relatively high levels of CDC25B expression compared to parent cells.

Conclusion: The data suggest that CDC25B may be an independent indicator of sensitivity to BET inhibitors and that CDC25B may contribute to gemcitabine insensitivity in this tumor type.
The Role of Equivalence-Based Procedures in Establishing Knowledge of Nutritional Content
Authors: Arntzen Erik , Spilling Ina Charlotte
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the study was to train participants on the nutritional values (carbohydrates) of various food items and evaluate the effect over three weeks. Twenty-seven participants were assigned to three different conditions. Initially, participants pre-sorted cards labeled with food items and categories, and any incorrectly sorted items were identified and customized for each participant. Tailored stimuli were then used for many-to-one conditional discrimination training. Conditions 1 and 2 aimed to establish three-member classes, while condition 3 aimed for five-member classes. Participants in all conditions sorted food items into categories of “more than 40,” “20–40,” and “less than 20” grams of carbohydrates. Additionally, participants in conditions 2 and 3 could sort items into a “don’t know” category. Maintenance of the learned categories was tested after one week. Participants who did not meet the mastery criterion received additional training and testing. A follow-up test was conducted two weeks after the maintenance test. During both the maintenance and follow-up phases, tests for emergent relations and sorting were conducted. The results showed that most participants responded correctly in both the emergent relations and sorting tests. The majority of participants did not require additional training or testing, and the equivalence classes were maintained across all conditions over the three-week period.
Comparison of the quality of logistic regression models and a classification tree in predicting hospital mortality in elderly patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Pereverzeva K. G. , Yakushin S. S. , Peregudova N. N. , Mishutina M. V.
Published: October 2024

Aim. Using the CHAID (Chi Squared Automatic Interaction Detection) method to develop a classification tree for predicting hospital mortality in patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (non-STEMI) aged 75 years and older and compare the quality of the constructed model with the logistic regression model.

Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of the case histories of 119 sequentially enrolled patients aged ≥75 years who were hospitalized in a cardiology department due to non-STEMI in 2020-2021 was carried out. The construction of a predictive model of probability of dying was carried out using the logistic regression method. To assess the impact of various predictors affecting the probability of dying during the of hospitalization period in patients with non-STEMI, a classification tree was developed using the CHAID method. To compare the quality of logistic regression models and the classification tree, the areas under the ROC curve and confidence intervals were estimated.

Results. Based on the construction of a binary logistic regression, it was found that the factors increasing hospital mortality were cardiogenic shock (CS): odds ratio (OR) 47.55; 4.00-589.16; p=0.002; new-onset atrial fibrillation: OR 6.45; 1.39-30.42; p=0.018; and the number of points on the GRACE scale: for each increase by 1 point: OR 1.03; 1,00-1,05; p=0.046. Similar data were obtained when analyzing the classification tree: in patients with CS, the predicted mortality was 91.7%. The probability of an unfavorable outcome based on the constructed classification tree was higher than the average in the analyzed sample in persons without CS, 2-3 degree atrioventricular blocks, and pulmonary edema, but with right bundle branch block on the electrocardiogram (25.0%) and in persons without CS and atrioventricular blockages of 2-3 degrees, but with pulmonary edema and a Q wave on the electrocardiogram (50.0%). Both methods of predicting hospital mortality are applicable. There were no statistically significant differences in the quality of both constructed models; the difference in the areas under the ROC curves was 0.043±0.268 with a 95% confidence interval of -0.055-0.141, p=0.387.

Conclusion. Both developed methods can be used to determine the probability of dying in a hospital. Currently, the recruitment of patients into a prospective study of a similar design has begun and is continuing, during which validation of the constructed forecasting models is planned.
Penggunaan Alat Ukur dalam Kegiatan Pembelajaran Laboratorium Fisika bagi Siswa Sekolah
Authors: Budi Esmar , Rahma Fitri Upik , Budi Prayitno Teguh , Binta Maulida Alayya , Maulana Ajis , Fajrin Sofyan Muhammad
Published: October 2024

Measurement is an important aspect in physics learning, especially laboratory learning. The quality of measurement results is shown by data values ​​that are accurate (ketelitian) and precise (ketepatan). Measurement is a fundamental skill that must be possessed by students and researchers. A training on measurement skill has been carried out on the use of basic measuring instruments to improve skills and abilities in measurement, especially in the fields of mechanics, thermodynamics and electricity. The basic measuring tools used are a ruler, caliper, screw micrometer, bar thermometer, digital clock, spring balance and multimeter. The training participants were class X students of Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) 2, Ciracas, East Jakarta. The objective of the training is to improve basic skills for students in measurement and data processing. The training involves students and laboratory assistants as companions for the students participating in the training. The results of the training show that students' abilities and skills in measuring and processing measurement data have increased.
GEOGEBRA: SOFTWARE QUE GENERA EQUIDAD SOCIAL
Authors: Vásquez Bernal Marco Vinicio
Published: October 2024

GeoGebra, a free and versatile software that combines geometry, algebra, calculus and more, has become a powerful tool for educational innovation. Its dynamic use allows you to explore mathematical concepts creatively and encourageresearch at all educational levels. In Ecuador, the Ecuadorian Institute of GeoGebra, established at the National University of Education, has focused on improving the teaching and learning processes of mathematics using this tool.
Research has shown that the proper use of GeoGebra promotes meaningful learning in students. However, many teachers still face difficulties in discovering the educational potential of ICT. It is crucial to change teaching methodologies to privilege the construction of knowledge and the development of logical reasoning, and GeoGebra is presented as an invaluable tool for this purpose.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21017/rimci.2024.v11.n21.a157
MODELO TEÓRICO POLINOMIAL SOBRE LA TRAYECTORIA DE DESVIACIÓN ENTRE VÍAS FÉRREAS PARALELAS
Authors: Mata Rodríguez Carlos M.
Published: October 2024

In laying out the curve on a railroad it will not do, on account of the high speed of trains, to pass abruptly from a straight stretch of track to a circular curve. In order to make the change of curvature gradual, engineers make use of transition curves to connect the part of a track with a circular track. This curve should have zero curvature at its point of junction with the straight track and the circular track where it joins the latter. Ares cubical parabolas are generally employed as transition curves.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21017/rimci.2024.v11.n21.a159