bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Age-related variability of indicators of protein metabolism in the blood of laying hens
Authors: Harlap S Yu , Kadirov N N , Gorelik L Sh , Meshcheryakova G V , Mukhamedyarova L G
Published: March 2021

Proteins are one of the most important indicators of blood. More than 150 individual whey proteins are currently known. However, an idea of the protein spectrum of blood can also be obtained on the basis of the concentration of total protein, albumin, globulins, the value of the protein coefficient, and the nature of their ratio gives an idea of the direction of protein metabolism (anabolic or catabolic), since the specificity of metabolic processes determines the productivity of layers. The concentration of total protein in the blood of chickens did not depend on the age of the bird, namely the period of the reproductive period, and hence the level of egg production. It fluctuated at the level of 37.2-42.0 g / l. Albumin concentration significantly increased during oviposition from 17.51 ± 1.71 to 21.36 ± 2.09 g / L. At the same time, the percentage of albumin in the total protein concentration increased from 47.07 ± 1.27 (26 weeks of age) to 53.93 ± 1.33% (p≤0.05) (80 weeks of age). The amount of globulins in the blood of hens did not depend on the age and duration of the reproductive period, but had a tendency to decrease, which was the result of a gradual decrease in the defenses of the bird’s body. The resistance of the body of laying hens decreases to the greatest extent at the age of 80 weeks, which causes an increase in Alb / Gl - coefficient by 1.51 times (p≤0.05) compared to the beginning of oviposition. The concentration of urea in the body of hens steadily increased during oviposition from 2.76 ± 0.18 (26 weeks of age) to 4.03 ± 0.11 mmol / L (p≤0.05) (80 weeks of age). The uric acid content in the blood of laying hens did not depend on the age and duration of the reproductive period and varied in the range of 0.39 ± 0.007 - 0.43 ± 0.002 mmol / L.
Pharmacological therapy of white muscle disease in lambs with selenium preparations in a comparative aspect
Authors: Semenenko M P , Grin V A , Kuzminova E V , Semenenko K A , Nepshekueva T S , Chernykh O Yu
Published: March 2021

In the course of the experiment on the comparative assessment of selenium-containing preparations selephlan and plexomin Se-2000 in the treatment of white muscle disease in young sheep, it was determined that selephlan has a more pronounced effect on the clinical and physiological state and intestinal biocenosis of lambs, their morphological and biochemical blood parameters, as well as the level of antioxidant protection of the body of animals. Under the influence of the preparation, the erythro- and hematopoiesis is activated in lambs, as well as the normalization of biochemical blood homeostasis. The level of enzymatic activity (AST, ALT, ALP, LDH) significantly decreases in 1.36 (p≤0.05); 1.71 (p≤0.001); 1.21 (p≤0.05) and 1.3 (p≤0.01) times, while the concentration of carotene increases in 3.1 times, vitamin E increases in 1.73 times and vitamin A increases by 26.8%. Selephlan helps to reduce the concentration of DC by 21.8%, KD – by 28.7%, MDA – in 1.61 (p <0.05) times.
Resource value aspects as an indicator for the technogenic landscapes phytocoenosis renewal
Authors: Nizkii S E , Muratov A A , Gavrilov Y A , Gavrilova G A
Published: March 2021

In the conditions of the southern taiga of the Amur Region in the gold mining areas after the cessation of work in the development of the recovery succession, there is a long period of time when there is no focus on zone type compliance. In place of spruce-fir forests, phytocoenosis is formed mainly by deciduous, low-value species. There is a risk that spruce and fir trees, an important resource for the economy, will be lost. Only after 70 years of self-recovery these species of trees appear on the dredge heaps. The aim of the studies is to study the regeneration succession and analyze aspects of the resource value of plant communities in dredge heaps in different recovery periods. It is proposed to use this analysis as an indicator of the focus of recovery succession in technogenic landscapes. This will make it possible to predict further development of phytocoenosis and to plan and carry out work to facilitate the processes of reforestation of valuable resources in taiga forests.
Determination of chronic toxicity of glyphosate by biotesting in laboratory mice
Authors: Shuvalova N E , Prutenskaya E A , Sulman M G
Published: March 2021

Glyphosate is the most promising herbicide currently used throughout the world. Glyphosate-containing preparations are also used as a desiccant in the pre-harvest period. Repeated processing of agricultural plants during the growth period and immediately before harvesting contributes to the accumulation of the herbicide in residual amounts in crops. The article presents the results of chronic intoxication of laboratory mice. It has been shown that glyphosate in residual amounts of 7, 14, 28 mg/kg is capable of causing quantitative and qualitative changes in formed blood cells, inhibits the functions of the reproductive system of experimental animals, and promotes changes in the structure of parenchymal organs. Experimental data indicate chronic toxicity of glyphosate at low concentrations.
Comparative assessment of the work of photosystem II in the leaves of soybean varieties and hybrids
Authors: Sinegovskaya V T , Dushko O S , Sinegovskii M O
Published: March 2021

The efficiency of PS II of soybean leaves was shown depending on the genotype of the variety, the phase of plant growth and development, and the intensity of their illumination in the field. Purpose of the work: to study the intensity of photosynthetic processes in soybean leaves using a MINI-PAM fluorometer to isolate highly active ones. The object of research was early maturing and mid-maturing varieties, white-flowered soybean hybrids. The efficiency of PS II (Y) with a sequential increase in the illumination intensity was determined in the early ripening variety Sonata and the mid-ripening Oktyabr 70. The most stable efficiency of PS II was in the leaves of the varieties Sonata and Oktyabr 70 at an illumination degree of ≈ 800 to 1500 μmol quanta m-2 s-1. The Sonata cultivar had a higher potential in the restoration of the photochemical activity of PS II. The dependence of PS II activity on the phase of plant growth and development was revealed. A high level of effective quantum yield of PS II (0.84 … 0.86 rel. units) during the growing season was noted in the leaves of new soybean varieties Kruzhevnitsa, Evgeniya, Persona and Kitrossa. Plants of the white-flowered collection had the maximum parameters of the quantum yield of PS II during the period of formation of reproductive organs. The data obtained allowed us to recommend the varieties Sonata, Kruzhevnitsa, Evgeniya, Persona, and Kitrossa, as well as hybrids KB (5) and KB (26) for inclusion in the breeding process, as they have a high level of PS II work, when creating varieties with increased photosynthetic activity.
Features of the microbiota of falconiformes birds
Authors: Konstantinov A V , Pimenov N V , Pavlova A V , Ivannikova R F
Published: March 2021

Anthropogenic transformation of natural biocenoses has an impact on ecological niches and zoocultives living in them. The number of domestic birds can now include many species of birds, one way or another changed by man, including birds of prey, protected and purposefully bred. Falconiformes occupied a special place in the cultural traditions of different countries and peoples. The paper considers aspects of biological transformation of falconiformes birds of prey species in the historical context. The results of screening studies of the microbiota of the pharynx and cloaca of falconiformes birds of aviary content (in formed third-degree zoocultives) are presented. The results of these studies reflect associative microbolometers and inapparently form of infection in birds. The data obtained indicate the potential risks of morbidity and infection with pathogenic bacteria in falconiformes under conditions of anthropogenic transformation.
Changes in the fertility of meadow-brown bleached soil with long-term use of different fertilizer systems
Authors: Berezhnaya V V , Kushayeva E J , Timoshinov R V , Klykov A G
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of changes in the fertility of meadow-brown bleached soil in a long-term stationary experiment, laid down in 1941. It has been established that applying various systems of manure, lime, and mineral fertilizers in a single and double dose for 79 years improves the agrochemical soil properties. The content of organic matter in the variants of the manure-lime-mineral system with single and double doses of mineral fertilizers increased from 3.00% (control) to 3.11 and 3.21%, respectively. The phosphate regime of the soil improved when manure and lime were used together with mineral fertilizers in a doubled rate up to 137 mg/kg, and against liming with a single dose of mineral fertilizers up to 76 mg/kg, in the control variant - 15 mg/kg. Under the influence of lime and single norms of mineral fertilizers for wheat, the soil solution is deoxidized to a neutral value of 6.1, in the control variant without fertilizers the soil is subacid - 5.1. In the variant with the use of only double doses of mineral fertilizers, an increased yield of 4.8 t/ha and protein content of 13.8% in spring wheat was noted, in the control - 4.3 t/ha and 12.4%, respectively. The analysis of the correlation dependence of yield and protein per grain with a complex agrochemical property showed a strong direct relationship - r = 0.91; 0.78 respectively.
Bovine coronavirus: virus isolation, laboratory diagnostics and specific prevention
Authors: Mnikova L A , Ishkova T A , Alekseyenkova S V , Yurov K P
Published: March 2021

Diseases of young cattle of infectious etiology are the most important problem of cattle breeding. Among these diseases, the greatest economic damage is caused by diseases in calves of the digestive system, collectively called “neonatal diarrhea”. Numerous studies carried out in recent years have irrefutably proven that the main role in the occurrence of diarrhea in calves is played by rota-, coronaviruses, less often viral diarrhea-mucosal disease, as well as bacteria from the genus Escherichia (separately or in associations). These infectious agents cause a similar clinical picture of the disease; therefore only laboratory methods (detection of antigen in feces, organs, and tissues of sick or dead animals, as well as antibodies in the blood) are the basis for the diagnosis. Besides, with the help of diagnostic kits, it is possible to determine the presence of immunity to a particular disease and the need for vaccination. The article provides an overview of certified kits and vaccines for the diagnosis and prevention of coronavirus infection in cattle and discusses the benefits of a comprehensive regimen of their use.
Plant regeneration of Amomum tsaoko Crevost & Lemarié in vitro
Authors: Quyet Khuat Van , Hai Nguyen Thanh , Lam Hai Nguyen Thi , Thu Hang Pham Thi , Kirakosya R , Kalashnikova E
Published: March 2021

Cardamom (Amomum tsaoko Crevost & Lemarié) is a valuable medicinal herb in both traditional and western medicine. The pharmacological properties of the A. tsaoko seeds make it a useful cure for such ailments as abdominal pain, bloating, hiccups, vomiting, diarrhea, malaria, bad breath, and tooth decay. It has even further value for its use in food processing. Therefore, it is necessary to develop protocols that reduce the time required for the multiplication of cardamom using tissue culture techniques. The research was conducted to initially build up the process of in vitro propagation of cardamom from the rhizome buds. An 8 minutes treatment of HgCl2, with a concentration of 0.1%, is the most efficient for the disinfection of the rhizome buds, resulting in the rate of the disease-free survival explants reaching 18.29%. MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BAP is the most suitable medium in the fast multiplication phase, with a multiplier of 4.54 shoots/explant, average shoot height of 5.45 cm, and good shoot quality after 6 weeks of culture. A suitable rooting medium for cardamom invitro-shoots was MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l IBA with a rooting rate of 100%, the average number of roots was 5.6 roots/shoot and the average root length was achieved 6.2 cm, after 8 weeks of culture.
Physiological changes in the body of young cattle when the feed additive “Bacitox” is introduced into their diet
Authors: Mal G S , Makhova A V , Makurina O N , Tkacheva E S
Published: March 2021

The experience of continuous intensification of animal husbandry accumulated by modern science confirms the need for further improvement of feeding schemes for young and adult cows. In this regard, it is of great importance to continue to optimize the enrichment of their diets with complexes of special feed additives. The systematic consumption of balanced feed additives by young animals largely compensates for the lack of plastic and regulatory substances in their body and stimulates the course of all physiological functions and biochemical processes. The inclusion of the feed additive “Bacitox” into the diet of growing heifers made it possible to effectively increase the energy nutritional value and minimize the risk of ketosis in animals. We can say that the use of this additive can increase the average daily gain in live weight in growing heifers with a decrease in the level of feed costs. The use of “Bacitox ” stimulates their growth in growth energy. In the heifers of the control group, who did not receive this feed additive, the main indicators taken into account were in a less functionally advantageous state. This indicated a lesser intensity of their viability and productivity, thereby demonstrating the undoubted advantages of using the feed additive “Bacitox” in young cattle.
Physiological reaction of blood counts in lactating cows to the use of catosal
Authors: Zavalishina S Yu
Published: March 2021

In modern conditions, it is imperative to intensify livestock raising with an active search for reserves to increase the productivity of this industry. An important reserve for increasing the productivity of lactating cows is considered the use of various biological stimulants. Their effect is largely associated with the stimulation of the main hematological parameters. As a result of the use of catosal for six weeks at a rate of 20.0 ml per head per day, it was possible to achieve very physiologically beneficial changes in the biochemical and morphological parameters of blood in lactating black-and-white cows. The results obtained can be regarded as manifestations of positive changes in the metabolism of these animals developing against the background of catosal. The development of the found changes in the hematological parameters taken into account under the influence of catosal should be considered very favorable for the further course of lactation in the observed cows and contributing to an increase in their milk yield. In this regard, the drug catosal can be regarded as promising for further research on biological stimulation of lactating cows.
Effect of natural salt solutions on grass- wheatgrass association phytomass
Authors: Vlasenko O A , Ul’yanova O A , Kurachenko N L , Kazanova E Yuyi
Published: March 2021

When spraying a herb-wheatgrass association, it was found that there was no toxic effect on phytomass 20 and a 40% solution of the natural salt of the Troitskoye deposit at a dose of 30 ml/m2. A solution of natural salt at a dose of 300 ml / m2 at a concentration of 20% has a partial toxic effect on some plant species, which manifests itself in the death of aerial organs within 24 hours after spraying. A solution of natural salt at a dose of 300 ml / m2 at a concentration of 40% has a toxic effect on most species of forbs, manifested in the drying and death of aerial organs within 24 and 72 hours after spraying. Leaves of creeping wheatgrass (Elytrígiarépens) were highly resistant to the action of natural salt. Within 30 days after spraying, overgrowth of aerial organs occurred in all variants of the experiment, which indicates the absence of the effect of natural salt solutions on the root systems of plants during surface treatment.
Assessment of the Impact on the Natural Environment of the Taldykorgan Basin
Authors: Kanagatov Zh Zh , Seitova G A , Butenova A K , Bukenova E A , Tokanbaev A E
Published: March 2021

In his address, President of the Republic of Kazakhstan N. Nazarbayev to the people of Kazakhstan “New opportunities for development in the conditions of the fourth industrial revolution”, noted that today the world is moving to the era of the Fourth industrial revolution, a stage of deep and dynamic changes in the technological, economic and social spheres. The article deals with the issues of water resources protection to strengthen the competitiveness of Kazakhstan in the conditions of the fourth industrial revolution and the transition to a “green economy”. The dynamics of pollution of the Taldykorgan region’s water basin is studied, and the ecological zoning of the territory is given.
Study of the morphological composition of municipal solid waste in the Perm region
Authors: Sereda T G
Published: March 2021

The article describes the research of the morphological composition of municipal solid waste (MSW) in the Perm Territory during the period of self-isolation associated with SARS-CoV-2. It has been substantiated that the indicator of the morphological composition of MSW is decisive in the field of MSW management and determines the choice of the most acceptable method of waste disposal. Despite the growing interest in technologies for sorting and processing MSW, the most common method in Russia is waste disposal by soil methods - waste disposal at MSW landfills, which can pose a threat to the environment, since At many MSW disposal facilities, anti-seepage screens were not initially provided, there are no insulating backfills, many facilities are used beyond the design period. Experimental studies of the complex (morphological) composition of MSW were carried out in two settlements of the Perm Territory with a population of over 500,000 and a population of less than 300,000. The research methodology and tools are presented. The percentage of utilized components in the studied samples in the spring and summer seasons was calculated and the classification of the components according to the degree of biodegradation at MSW landfills, as well as the percentage of MSW components after the extraction of waste suitable for recyclable materials transported to the MSW landfills according to the research results. The percentage of the reduction in the penetration of hard-to-decompose and conditionally non-degradable fractions of MSW at the MSW landfills of the Perm Territory was calculated. Therefore, the purpose of the research was to study the morphological composition of MSW in the Perm Territory during a pandemic and to determine the percentage of components suitable for recyclability in the studied MSW samples by seasons (spring and summer seasons of 2020).
Hydrological regime and runoff formation of the Chulym river and its analysis
Authors: Vinogradova L I , Ivanova O I
Published: March 2021

One of the main problems of hydrology is the formation of rainfall floods and the assessment of the hydrological regime of rivers. Analysis of the factors of river runoff formation helps to calculate the main hydrological characteristics even in the river sections not illuminated by field data. One of the regional methods for calculating hydrological characteristics is the calculation of the dependences of runoff characteristics on the physical and geographical factors of the catchment area. Such calculations are based on the results of generalizing the data of hydrometeorological observations in the design area. There is often a need for runoff characteristics in the design section of the river where there are no field data of hydrometric observations, and this problem is considered in the proposed study. This is the first time this approach has been implemented for the Chulym River. This article examines the analysis of the factors of the river runoff of the Chulym river, which makes it possible to make objective calculations of the main hydrological characteristics in the sections of the rivers not illuminated by field observations.
Hydrological characteristics of snow melt erosion areas in the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe
Authors: Golubev I A , Burakov D A , Kozhukhovsky A V
Published: March 2021

Hydrological factors determine the features of relief formation in all territories where surface runoff is formed. They determine the degree of ruggedness and the nature of the relief. Changing from year to year, they interact with the underlying surface, activating the processes of erosion and planar flush of the fertile topsoil on it. The need to model and determine their intensity in different periods is due to the annual use of these territories for agricultural needs, during their plowing and sowing. The article analyses the main characteristics of surface runoff on the territory of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe. The result of hydrological and geomorphological analysis of the catchment area in the key study area is presented. The main indicators of autumn soil moisture are characterized and their effect on the washout of the solid fraction within the key site Dolgiy Log is estimated.
Air pollution in Penza and its impact on the human health
Authors: Mamelina T Yu , Vel’dina Yu V
Published: March 2021

Atmospheric air is a vital component of the natural environment, an integral part of the habitat of humans, plants, and animals. Atmospheric air is the most significant component (factor) of the human environment, the pollution of which the impact on human health and all living things is most pronounced. Most large cities are characterized by extremely high and intense air pollution compared to small towns and villages. On the majority of polluting agents, and there are hundreds of them in the city, it is possible to tell with confidence that they, as a rule, exceed maximum permissible concentrations. We will consider the city of Penza as an example.
The duration of the growing season for samples of spring soft wheat of Siberian selection
Authors: Fedosenko D F , Nikitina V I
Published: March 2021

The results of field experiments on the study of the duration of the growing season and its main phases in 33 samples of Siberian selection under the conditions of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe showed that the variability of the interphase periods of shoots - earing and earing - waxy ripeness is largely determined by the growing conditions (31.1 and 37.4% respectively) in relation to the growing season (0.9%). The duration of the growing season is primarily determined by the genotypic characteristics of wheat samples (88.3%). The contribution to the phenotypic variability of the studied traits depends on the ripeness group. We identified wheat samples of interest for hybridization, with a longer interphase period - sprouting - earing and shortened - earing - waxy ripeness.
Transformations in agricultural land use: through changes in land functions to changes in information support for land management
Authors: Zhigulina T N , Luchnikova N M , Lebedeva L V
Published: March 2021

The article discusses one of the aspects of the key global problems, the problem of rational land use. This problem has gained particular relevance in the context of globalization and the transition to a digital economy. It was revealed that during the transition to the digital economy, the transformation of the existing functions of land is obvious, both due to a change in society’s ideas about the global goals of humanity and the problems of globalization, and due to a change in the idea of information as the main resource of the economy. In order to achieve the global goals of mankind and overcome the problems of land use, taking into account the requirements of the digital economy, a new interpretation of the functions of the land is proposed: land as a means of ensuring food security; as a basis for urbanization and population growth, as a basic layer of economic space. Digital information cadastral resources should become a mechanism that will allow us to overcome information barriers (global land use problems) to achieve the global goals of mankind in terms of land use. Such resources should be the development of accounting systems of state and use of land and accumulate direct or derived characteristics of a specific land use, allowing to assess the degree of performance of a land plot of certain functions, as well as the ecological/economic state of land use.
Modeling the throughput capacity of threshing-separating apparatus of grain harvester’s combines
Authors: Rogovskii I L , Martiniuk D I , Voinash S A , Luchinovich A A , Sokolova V A , Ivanov A M , Churakov A V
Published: March 2021

The statistic proposes the analytical provisions and the experimental results of the throughput capacity of the threshing apparatus of grain harvesters, from the capacity of straw, grain, straw content, blockage of design characteristics. The threshing capacity is most significantly affected by weediness due to humidity, with a relative weediness of 0.05 bread weight, the capacity of the threshing machine is reduced by 2.5%, and with 50% weed by 16%. Loading of the threshing machine determines the productivity of the combine and fuel efficiency due to fuel consumption for harvesting 1 hectare, as well as threshing 1 ton of crop. The power of the combine engine is designed to perform work in extrem econditions, as a result, the average loadis 2/3 of full. During the operation of the combines, the time is only 45…50% of the total operating time of the engine. Underemployment of the engine leads to overconsumption of fuel. So, if the SMD-21M diesel at full operational power of 103 kW consumes fuel of 0.24 kg on 1 kW for an hour, at loading on 50% 51 kW s. specific fuel consumption increases by 41 g/kWh, or 17%, which corresponds to fuel consumption 2.1 kg/year.
Development of agrotechnology of spring wheat using an environmentally safe method of disinfection and biostimulation of seeds
Authors: Romanov V N , Kozulina N S , Vasilenko A V , Vasilenko A A
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of the development of agrotechnology of spring wheat using an environmentally safe method of disinfection and biostimulation of seeds, the impact on field germination and reduction of infection with the most harmful microorganisms. The analysis of the obtained results shows that the use of a physical method of seed treatment effectively affected the reduction of infection of wheat grain with pathogens of phytopathogenic microflora to the established thresholds of harmfulness.
Mathematical modeling of wind power plant capacity
Authors: Samsonenko D , Khudoyarov V , Rovnyagina A , Drankova A , Krylova A
Published: March 2021

The use of wind power plants is closely related to the issue of improving their efficiency. Accordingly, there is a need to build a model of turbine operation that allows you to evaluate the output characteristics of the installation and the influence of various parameters on them. In this paper, the simulation was performed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods using the ANSYS Fluent program. The behavior of aerodynamic flows near the blades is also analyzed. As a model for describing the air flow, the k-ε model was chosen, for which the corresponding boundary conditions were selected. Simulations were performed for different air flow rates. The power curve obtained from the results of the aerodynamic flow simulation is compared with the power curve obtained from experimental data. Based on the simulation results, it is possible to predict the turbine power, depending on its initial parameters.
Probabilistic assessment of water quality in terms of oxidability
Authors: Yalaletdinova A V , Kantor E A , Beloliptsev I I , Galimova Y O
Published: March 2021

There has been analyzed the nature of the distribution of the oxidability of water. It is revealed that the nature of the distribution of indicator values during the year depends largely on the seasonal factor, and therefore the analysis of the distribution of oxidability is proposed to be studied separately for each month. A variation series is constructed and empirical distribution functions of oxidability distribution is derived. It is established that the law of water oxidability distribution differs from the normal and lognormal distributions, but it is described with sufficient accuracy by the gamma distribution or by a cubic polynomial function (being the simplest). The hypothesis about the distribution law is confirmed by the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. The water oxidability distribution function allows to determine the probability of exceeding the specified values of the indicator and quantitatively assess the risks of exceeding them, which can become the basis for developing solutions for managing water quality and increasing the efficiency of the water treatment process.
Probability assessment of water turbidity in rivers based on optimizing the distribution function
Authors: Yalaletdinova A V , Kantor E A , Galimova Y O
Published: March 2021

The method of least squares was used to optimize the theoretical water turbidity distribution function; as a result, the function was derived with all the properties of the distribution function (continuous and monotonically increasing function, values ranging from 0 to 1). It was demonstrated that the optimized polynomials can be used to estimate the probability of any water turbidity-related occurrence, but they cannot be used reliably for all time periods. Thus, the obtained polynomials are ineffective for studying the seasonal nature of changes in the turbidity distribution, which is not entirely convenient for modeling and entails the need to search for other mathematical models.
Climate change impact on extreme flood occurrence and flood-related damage to the Primorye Region agriculture
Authors: Lyude Anna , Boiarskii Boris , Matsishina Nathalia , Fisenko Petr , Emelianov Alexey , Hasegawa Hideo
Published: March 2021

Research indicates that climate change aggravates extreme weather events resulting in flooding or soil waterlogging. Damaging abiotic stress imposed by flooding affects crop production negatively. Recently, floods, adversely affecting regional agriculture, occur in the Primorye region yearly. However, available statistics and research on flooding and its consequences for the region are fragmented and scarce. Based on meteorological data of temperature (1889 - 2019), along with annual (1911 - 2019), monthly, and daily (summer months 2015 - 2019) precipitation data in the Primorye region, this research aimed to grasp the exact situation in flooding events occurrence. The results demonstrated a significant increase in the mean annual temperature and extreme precipitation events. Further, the study discussed the deficiencies in the existing system of flood damage assessment and loss compensation. Deriving from the experience of the Federal Research Center of Agribiotechnology of the Far East named after A.K. Chaika (Ussuriisk), the study attempted to estimate the multifaceted negative economic and environmental impact of flooding events on crop production, including flooding influence on land fertility, the effect on pests and disease manifestation, impact on the crop seed quality. The results call for the further robust investigation of the structure (both tangible and intangible) and scale of flooding effects on regional agriculture and add-up to the knowledge base on the topic.
Microorganisms of Lake Baikal and their pathogenic properties
Authors: Pliska A A , Batomunkuev A S , Ponomarev D A
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of microbiological studies of water from Lake Baikal in the spring period, and identifies a wide range of microorganisms that are tested for pathogenicity. It was established that many microorganisms of the enterobacteriaceae were pathogenic for laboratory animals. In 100 % of cases, pathogenic, sporogenous, anaerobic microorganisms were isolated - Cl. perfringens that multiply without access to oxygen, so, in the water mass.
On the issue of creating a comfortable environment to improve the ecology of urban ecosystems
Authors: Aksyanova T Y , Livak N S , Lebedikhin V V , Smirnaya A A
Published: March 2021

The paper examines the existing domestic and foreign research in the field of human perception of the surrounding visible environment. On the basis of these studies, principles are formed that must be used for the reconstruction of existing spaces or the formation of new ones in order to create a comfortable environment, thereby improving the ecology of the urban ecosystem.
Adaptation capabilities of apple trees in the Southern Baikal region
Authors: Rachenko M A , Rachenko A M
Published: March 2021

The harsh climatic conditions of Siberia, and in particular of the Southern Baikal region, make special requirements for the selection of apple varieties. These are a high frost resistance in the middle of winter, insensitivity to temperature changes at the end of winter, a short growing season and the ability to quickly hardening in autumn. The aim of the work was to study the adaptive capabilities of different apple varieties in the conditions of the Southern Baikal region. In this work was reflected the analysis of climatic conditions in the research region and conducted microclimatic zoning of the territory for gardening. To achieve this goal, the methods of field observation, artificial modeling of climatic factors and statistical analysis were used. Based on 11 features, the “model” of the variety for the area of research was substantiated. Comparison of 30 varieties of apple trees with a “model” of the variety allowed identifying varieties of interest for commercial cultivation of apple trees in the Southern Baikal region.
Assessment of lactic acid bacteria new consortia proteolytic activity
Authors: Kitaevskaya S V , Ponomarev V Y , Yunusov E Sh , Kamartdinova D R
Published: March 2021

The paper presents data on the assessment of the proteolytic activity of new consortia of microorganisms containing functionally active strains of lactic acid bacteria p. Lactobacillus in order to identify highly effective combinations for the production of fermented foods. The proteolytic activity was evaluated on a standard protein substrate albumin and casein, the main protein of milk and dairy products. As a result of the studies, consortia of lactic acid bacteria were identified containing strains of L.casei, L.fermentum, and L. plantarum in ratios of 1: 1: 1 and 2: 1: 1, exhibiting high proteolytic activity, on the basis of which they can be recommended for inclusion in the composition of starter cultures for the production of functional products.
State of dark coniferous plantations in the southern part of the Yenisei Siberia: the role of biotic factors
Authors: Tatarintsev A I , Aminev P I , Mikhaylov P V , Bulanova O S
Published: March 2021

The article assumes that, the areas of dark coniferous forests with disturbed and lost stability are catastrophically expanding in Siberian regions in the modern period. This fully applies to the plantations with a prevalence of Abies sibirica Ledeb., located in the southern part of the Yenisei Siberia (territory of the Krasnoyarsk Region). The research was carried out in the spruce and fir plantations of the Biryusinsky district forestry of the KGU “Emelyanovskoye lesnichestvo” in order to clarify the role of the main biotic factors of the sanitary state violation and drying out of dark coniferous plantations. The method of research is route and detailed forest pathological inspection with the subsequent integral evaluation of the sanitary and forest pathological state of forest plantations. On the basis of all indicators of the state and tree falling parameters, a slight disturbance of the stability of the forest plantations Picea obovata Ledeb. was established; weak-strong disturbance until the loss of stability of A. sibirica plantation with their progressive drying out. The main biotic factors in the accumulation of pathological tree fallings and degradation of fir stands are the root pathogen Armillaria mellea s. l. and the invasive xylophage Polygraphus proximus Blandford in association with the micromycete Grosmannia aoshimae, that have a concomitant negative effect on trees. Additional factors of weakening, less often drying of fir trees are necrotic rust diseases; they are bacterial dropsy (pathogen is an association of phytopathogenic bacteria) and blister rust (pathogen is Melampsorella caryophyllacearum G. Schrot.), genus Monochamus.
Mycorrhizal formation of light-coniferous species of urbanized ecosystems
Authors: Zaitsev G A , Mukhametova G M , Safiullina L M
Published: March 2021

Mycorrhiza formation plays a key role in the adaptation of light-coniferous species of urbanized territories, since the fungal symbiont acts as a barrier against technogenic impact. The article presents the study of mycorrhiza formation of Pinus sylvestris and Larix sukaczewii in urbanized ecosystems of the Strelitamak industrial center, Republic of Bashkortostan. The material was sampled in 2009 and 2016 at 8 sample plots. Anatomical and morphological structures of trees roots absorbing parts were analysed, micropreparations of cross sections were made. Mycorrhiza formation under the influence of technogenic pollution is not suppressed, the development of the fungal component of mycorrhiza increases. Pine mycorrhizal associations were found to be more sensitive to industrial pollution than larch mycorrhiza. The variety of fungus sheath of light coniferous species changes according to a single scheme. The plant makes for the unfavorable ecological conditions by a higher level of mycorrhiza formation development.
Advantages of feeding pregnant sows with biologically active substances based on folic acid and trace elements
Authors: Titova N V , Belookov A A , Belookova O V , Vakhmyanina S A , Maksimova R A
Published: March 2021

The nutrition of sows has a significant impact on their productivity and milk production, as well as the multiple, large-fruited and the viability of the litter. The influence of folic acid and salts of microelements was studied by including them in diets, on the reproductive function of pregnant sows and the quality of offspring. The sows of the 1st control group received the basic diet adopted on the farm, the animals of the 2nd experimental group received folic acid in addition to the basic diet, the 3rd group received salts of trace elements (cobalt, manganese, zinc, copper and iodine), the 4th group was fed by a complex consisting of folic acid and mineral salts. It was found that the use of folic acid and a complex of salts of microelements had a beneficial effect on metabolic processes in the body of pregnant sows, improved their physiological state and increased the safety of piglets by 12.72%. The complex use of mineral salts and folic acid had a positive effect on the synthetic function of the liver. The increase in fertility, the number and live weight of piglets at birth and weaning in sows of the experimental groups can be explained by the improvement of feeding conditions, in particular, the enrichment of compound feed with biologically active substances, an improvement in the digestibility of the main dietary substances and, as a consequence, the activation of metabolism. In order to improve metabolism, reproductive function, increase fertility, nest weight at birth and weaning, preservation of piglets, we recommend adding trace element salts to the diet of pregnant sows in the following doses: CoSO4 - 10 mg, MnSO4 - 50 mg, ZnSO4 - 50 mg, CuSO4 - 50 mg and KI - 10 mg per 100 kg of body weight and folic acid - 35 mg/head during the entire period of pregnancy.
The effectiveness of experimental herbal preparations in organic animal husbandry
Authors: Rasskazova N T , Tsoy Z V , Pulinets A K
Published: March 2021

Rabbit breeding is a promising branch of animal husbandry. Rabbits provide delicious dietary meat, valuable fur raw materials and down, while using cheap and affordable feed: grass, hay, branch feed, a little grain, and in poultry farming only grain. The development of rabbit breeding in our time requires a reliable infrastructure that connects supply and demand, processing, technological and veterinary services. In addition, all rabbit breeders must be united in a single organization. This article examines the effect of Ked and LBA preparations on the reproductive qualities of rabbits. The positive effect of drugs on multiple pregnancies, the weight of rabbits and safety has been experimentally proven.
Dependence of speed qualities and elemental status on the mercury level in the mane hair of purebred riding horses
Authors: Kalashnikov V V , Zaitsev A M , Atroschenko M M , Miroshnikov S A , Frolov A N , Zavyalov O A , Kalashnikova T V
Published: March 2021

To assess the influence of the level of mercury in the hair from the mane on athletic performance and elemental status of horses, a study was carried out on purebred horse breed stallions. Age at the time of sampling of hair 5-7 years. The elemental composition of biosubstrates was determined by 25 indicators, by atomic emission and mass spectrometry (AES-ICP and MS-ICP). The assessment of the speed qualities of stallions was carried out in sports competitions according to the time of passing a distance of 2400 meters. It was found that the effect of the level of mercury in the hair from the mane on the speed qualities of stallions (r = −0.57). Moreover, if stallions with a mercury concentration of less than 0.0018 mg/kg spent 158.6 ± 3.5 seconds to overcome the distance, then at a level of 0.0767-0.304 mg/kg, on average 15 seconds longer. Comparison of the groups with the boundaries of the reference intervals of the concentrations of chemical elements in the mane showed that the high agility of the horses was associated with a relatively smaller number of elements exceeding the boundaries of the intervals, so if there were four of them in group I: K, Na, I, Sn, then in II and III groups of them were eight Ca, K, Na, I, Zn, Pb, Sn, Hg and Ca, Cu, Zn, B, Si, Li, Sn, Hg, respectively. It was revealed that the elemental composition of the hair of the mane is closely related to the sports results of thoroughbred riding horses, and for some of them the changes exceeded 250% (Si). It was concluded that it is necessary to study the concentrations of Hg and Si in the hair from the main during preparation for the competition, for their further correction.
Effect of Septoria on the specific activity of Glycines max (L.) Merr hydrolases
Authors: Martinenko N V , Lavrentyeva S I , Tarasova O N , Ivachenko L E
Published: March 2021

Soybean (Glycines max (L.) Merr) is culture-sensitive to diseases and infections. The article states that a detailed study of the physiological processes at the biochemical level is required. It induces oxidative stress to create a cultivar resistant to S. glycines. Enzymes play a leading role in adaptation to stressors. The hydrolase enzymes we have selected for the study have selective neutral behaviour (concerning S. glycines on the studied soybean varieties), which allows them to be used as protein markers for the selection of the most resistant cultivar to S. glycines at the molecular level.
Coccomycosis resistance of the remote sour cherry hybrids
Authors: Fedotova I E , Ostrikova O V , Kharkhardina E L
Published: March 2021

The article states that adapted high-yielding varieties of cherry fruits are needed to meet the needs of population. The distant hybridization method within the Prunoideae subfamily has been applied to create remote hybrids resistant to coccomycosis. The absence of significant differences in resistance to coccomycosis among groups of remote hybrids of the second, third and fourth generations were revealed. The possible expediency of the fifth-order backcrosses is revealed. Among the created remote hybrids, groups of highly resistant, with increased resistance and middle resistant genotypes were identified. The genotypes, i.e. possible sources of oligogens, selected promising forms to create affect-resistant varieties and rootstock forms with high resistance - 09-00, 05-29; with increased resistance - 09-23, 05-00, ELS Surpriz, Novella, ELS 14-1, 10-26, 10-29, 08-00 are recommended.
The use of Immunostimulants for the animal diseases prevention
Authors: Makarova V N , Koryukina M V , Badeeva O B , Simanova I N
Published: March 2021

Biostimulant - splenivit helps to increase the natural resistance of the body of young farm animals and reduce morbidity. To study splenivitis, groups of sows (60 heads each) were formed. The animals of the first experimental group were injected with tissue antigen, twice 20 and 10 days before farrowing, in doses of 3 and 5 ml. The animals of the second experimental group, simultaneously with tissue antigen, were injected with splenivit at a dose of 5 ml, three times, with an interval of 10 days. And also, to 122 fattening piglets - weaners: the 1st experimental group (31 piglets) was injected with splenivit intramuscularly 1 ml 3 times with an interval of 7-10 days. The 2nd group of pigs (29 heads) was injected with a non-specific gamma globulin according to the same scheme; in the 3rd group of pigs (62 heads) the above preparations were not used. Clinical observation of all piglets was carried out for 1.5 months, starting from the day of the formation of groups for fattening. For prophylactic purposes, newborn calves with gastroenteritis in the experimental group (13 heads) were injected subcutaneously with a biostimulator - splenivit, 1.0-1.5 ml, from 2-3 days of age, three times, with an interval of 7 days, in the control (7 heads) this drug did not apply. Also, the effectiveness of the stimulant - splenivit was studied on fattening calves. Experimental group (206 heads), control group (104 heads). Splenivit for the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases in animals, increases the natural resistance of the body, helps to reduce the incidence of young animals, improving growth and development and ensuring their maximum safety. To increase immunological protection, prevent gastrointestinal diseases, safety and productivity of animals, it is advisable and effective to use a biostimulator - splenivit.
Genotoxicants in marine and freshwater fish of the Barents Sea Basin
Authors: Utkina A S , Karagodin V P , Agapkin A M , Kotelevtsev S V
Published: March 2021

A comparative genotoxicity of marine and freshwater fish as indicators of the ecological hazard of the aquatic environment of the Barents Sea basin was analyzed. We used the Ames Salmonella/microsomes test to study mutagenicity of various tissues and liver fat of polar cod, sea bass, common whitefish and river bass with subsequent chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of liver fat samples for the content of genotoxicants (organic pollutants). No significant excess of mutagenic activity was found in all fish samples except polar cod liver fat and sea bass liver fat. Promutagenic action caused gene mutations of both frameshifting and base pair substitution. Analysis of fat samples using the method of chromatography-mass spectrometry confirmed the presence of persistent organic pollutants in marine fish fat. The findings indicate that at present the ecology of the Barents Sea basin rivers is in more favorable conditions than the ecology of this sea.
Investigation of the D-loop sequence of mitochondrial DNA of the Volgograd sheep breed
Authors: Kolosov Yu A , Fedorov V Kh , Shirokova N V , Chamurliev N G , Vorontsova E S
Published: March 2021

The paper presents the results of studies of the sequence of the D-loop of mitochondrial DNA of the Volgograd sheep breed. Mitochondrial DNA has a number of unique features that make it possible to effectively use markers based on it in phylogenetic studies of a wide range of organisms.