bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The anomalously thundery month of June 1925 in southwest Spain: description and synoptic analysis
Authors: Acero Francisco Javier , Antón Manuel , Aparicio Alejandro Jesús Pérez , Bravo-Paredes Nieves , Carrasco Víctor Manuel Sánchez , Gallego María Cruz , García José Agustín , Núñez Marcelino , Tovar Irene , Vaquero-Martínez Javier , Vaquero José Manuel
Published: January 2025

Abstract. In a routine search for meteorological events with a great impact on society in the Extremadura region (southwest interior of the Iberian Peninsula) using newspapers, the month of June 1925 was detected as exceptional due to the large number of thunderstorms associated with significant losses of human lives and material resources. This extraordinary month underwent a detailed examination from various complementary perspectives. Firstly, we reconstructed the history of the events, considering the most impacted locations and the resulting damage. Periodical publications, especially the widely circulated Extremadura newspaper in 1925, were pivotal in this regard. Secondly, we scrutinized monthly meteorological variables (precipitation, temperature, and cloudiness) using the lengthiest-available data series from the Iberian Peninsula. This aimed to underscore the exceptional characteristics of June 1925. Lastly, we analyzed the synoptic situation of the thunderstorm events by employing National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences/Department of Energy (NOAA/CIRES/DOE) 20th Century Reanalysis V3 (20CR) data. This approach allowed us to comprehend, from a synoptic perspective, the exceptional nature of this month. Thereby, a combination of a negative North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) situation, elevated convective available potential energy (CAPE) values, large-scale lifting, and abundant precipitable water availability in the region was revealed.
The Role of Applying Actuarial Accounting in Enhancing Banking Supervision by Application on a Sample of Libyan Commercial Banks
Authors: Mshaer Abrahim , Alzawam Alsanusi
Published: January 2025

The study aimed to identify the role of actuarial accounting in enhancing banking supervision in the Libyan banking sector from the perspective of banking sector employees. To achieve the objectives of the study, the descriptive and analytical approach was used, as the researchers used the questionnaire form as a tool in collecting the information necessary to analyze the research variables. The two researchers reached a set of conclusions. The most important of which is: the existence of a statistically significant relationship between the application of actuarial accounting and improving risk management, enhancing financial stability and increasing confidence in the most important of what the researchers recommended. Working to enhance the use of actuarial accounting in all Libyan institutions by directing attention and investment in developing actuarial accounting systems and providing appropriate training for working personnel.
Design estratégico em MPEs moveleiras para o desenvolvimento de produtos sustentáveis
Authors: Cardoso Braga Juliana , Moreira da Silva Fernando , Paschoarelli Luis Carlos
Published: January 2025

O presente texto analisa e discute as possibilidades de aplicação do “Design Estratégico” em Micro e Pequenas e Empresas (MPEs) moveleiras, com vistas ao desenvolvimento de produtos sustentáveis. Inicialmente, são apresentados os princípios sobre “estratégia” e os conceitos de Design Estratégico. Na sequência, abordam-se os desafios e as oportunidades em se aplicar os princípios do Design Estratégico em MPEs moveleiras, como garantia de desenvolvimento sustentável no modus operandi dessas organizações. Por fim, é apresentada uma síntese do “Projeto CACO”, enquanto proposta de instrumento de Design Estratégico Sustentável para as MPEs. Este capítulo é um recorte do primeiro Doutorado em Design, em regime de cotutela entre a Universidade de Lisboa e a Universidade Estadual Paulista (Convênio 02/2017 – Processo 818/45/01/2016 – DOE Poder Executivo I, 127 (4): 48, 06.01.2017), com financiamento do CNPq (Processo 232345/2014-7) e apoio do Centro de Investigação em Arquitetura, Urbanismo e Design – CIAUD e Fundação para Ciência e Tecnologia de Portugal.
Overview of Knowledge, Environment, and Pre-Marital Sexual Behavior of Students at the Faculty of Medicine, Indonesian Christian University
Authors: Reviani Nia , Udjung Gorga I.V.W
Published: January 2025

Background: Based on the 2012 IDHS survey on Adolescent Reproductive Health, at the national level there has been an increase in the number of adolescents who have had sexual relations before marriage compared to the 2007 SKRRI data. The results of the 2012 KRR SDKI survey show that it is around 9.3% or around 3 .7 million teenagers said they were married, while the 2007 SKRRI results stated that only around 7% or around 3 million teenagers. This data is confirmed by the National Population and Family Planning Agency (BKKBN) which says 5.3% of high school students in Jakarta have had sex before marriage, and 63% of teenagers in Indonesia have had sexual contact with the opposite sex. This research aims to see a picture of knowledge, environment, and pre-marital sexual behavior among FK UKI students Class of 2018.
Method: A descriptive research design was carried out to determine the knowledge, environment, attitudes, and behavior of premarital sex involving 155 FK UKI students class of 2018.
Results: The knowledge of UKI students class of 2018 about sexual behavior is very good, this can be seen by 76% of UKI students and female students class of 2018 having high knowledge of sexual behavior. In environmental factors there is a high level of understanding in terms of aspects of sexual education from parents (77.86 %), religious aspect (84.29%), knowledge aspect of exposure to pornography (83.57%), and peer aspect (75.48%) The attitude of UKI class of 2018 students regarding sexual behavior is very good and leads to positive things. The sexual behavior of UKI students class of 2018 leads to high levels of premarital sexual activity but is not risky (70%).

Keywords: sexuality, students, knowledge, attitudes, behavior
Minimal inhibitory concentration of ofloxacin and its efficacy in experimental infection of chicks with salmonella infantis
Authors: Gorbaneva A. S. , Skvortsov V. N. , Prisnyi A. A. , Laishevtsev A. I. , Lopunov S. V.
Published: January 2025

The goal of the present article was to study minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of ofloxacin with regard to its efficacy in experimental infection of chicks with Salmonella infantis. Values of MIC of ofloxacin for S. infantis were procured with the help of HiComb Strip test. The results of the tests in vitro, aimed at securing the values of minimal inhibitory concentrations of ofloxacin, prove that the drug boasts high antibacterial activity against most strains of S. infantis. Thus, ofloxacin inhibited the growth of the aforementioned microorganism at concentrations within the interval 0.005 – 0.05 μg/mL. Though one of the isolates proved to be resistant to the drug, its MIC was as high as 1.5 μg/mL. We employed day -old chicks in our experiment, which we conducted in order to evaluate the therapeutic and prophylactic effects of ofloxacin. For the sake of the experiment, we divided 250 chicks in 2 groups with 5 subgroups in either of them (n = 25 in each subgroup). For the experimental infection we used 2 strains of S. infantis, with different minimal inhibitory concentrations of ofloxacin, which had been detected previously. The chicks were challenged intraperitoneally with S. infantis in suspension, incubated on agar medium for 24 hours, at a concentration 3 x 108 CFUs / 0.5 mL. The chicks in Group I were challenged with a strain with minimal inhibitory concentration of ofloxacin 0.05 μg/mL, the chicks in Group II - 1.5 μg/mL. The treatment with ofloxacin started 24 hours prior to the challenge and lasted 5 days. The drug was administered via drinking water ad libitum at concentrations 25 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L in both groups. The results of the experiment show that after the challenge of chicks with an S. infantis strain, susceptible to ofloxacin, the drug has high therapeutic and prophylactic effects at concentrations 100 mg/L and 200 mg/L (88 % and 96 % respectively). But in experimental infection of chicks with an S. infantis strain, resistant to ofloxacin, its administration at the above-mentioned concentrations did not lead to positive effect.
Study of comparative therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in experimental staphylococcosis of day-old chicks
Authors: Yurin D. V. , Skvortsov V. N. , Logvinova S. S. , Laishevtsev A. I. , Lopunov S. V.
Published: January 2025

Staphylococcosis in chicks raises much concern among poultry industry specialists and improving methods of its containing is still an urgent problem. We conducted a comparative study as for therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of several fluroquinolone drugs in chicks, experimentally infected with Staphylococcus aureus. The chicks were challenged intraperitoneally with two different field isolates of S. aureus in suspension. One of the two isolates was resistant to fluoroquinolones, the other was susceptible to them. The chicks began receiving the drugs via drinking water ad libitum at 48 h prior to the challenge, at a concentration 200 mg/L. The treatment lasted 5 days. The results of our study show that the highest therapeutic effectiveness (96% and 88%) was achieved in the groups, which had been challenged with an S. aureus strain, susceptible to fluoroquinoloes and treated with enrofloxacin and levofloxacin, respectively. In the group, which had been challenged with a susceptible strain and treated with ciprofloxacin, therapeutic effectiveness was as just high as 68%. The results of our study also show rather low effectiveness of ofloxacin p.o. for treatment of staphylococcosis in chicks. When the chicks had been challenged with an S. aureus strain, resistant to fluoroquinolones, the mortality rate was as high as 96%. When they had been challenged with an S. aureus strain, susceptible to ofloxacin, the mortality rate of the poultry was rather high too - 52%. For most of the chicks in this group the infection became chronic, making the prospects of their treatment and subsequent use in the farm obscure. Administration of norfloxacin proved its low effectiveness, very much like ofloxacin. For the two groups, receiving norfloxacin, the mortality rate among the challenged chicks was as high as 80% and 76%, respectively.
The effectiveness of using progestamag® to optimize reproductive function in cows and heifers
Authors: Nikolaev S. V.
Published: January 2025

The aim of the research was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of various doses of Progestamag® included in the "CoSynch" scheme, as well as in the treatment of ovarian hypofunction. The experimental work was performed in the conditions of the Komi Republic on Ayrshire breed animals. Cows and heifers exhibiting sexual cyclicity with yellow bodies present on the ovaries were selected for synchronization. The efficacy of Progestamag® in the "Co-Synch" scheme was studied in heifers at dosages of 1 and 2 ml, and in cows of 1, 2 and 4 ml. The effectiveness of the drug in correcting gonadal hypofunction was evaluated in lactating cows by intramuscular administration of the drug in doses of 5 and 10 ml. It was found that the maximum fertilization after the first insemination was observed in heifers receiving 1 ml of progestin – 85.7%, whereas in the group without the use of a progesterone-containing drug and in the group where 2 ml of the drug was injected, the indicator was 45.7% lower. The frequency of insemination for pregnancy among heifers treated with the studied drug at a dose of 1 ml was 0.70 and 0.56 lower compared with the control (P≤0.001) and the second (P≤0.05) experimental group, respectively. In cows, against the background of the use of progesterone suspension in the "Co-Synch" scheme, the optimal result was established after the administration of 2 ml of progestin – the frequency of insemination for fertilization was lower by 0.25...1.35 compared with animals of other groups. With ovarian hypofunction, a dosage of 10 ml caused a comparable result obtained against the background of treatment with 2.5% progesterone solution, and the optimal therapeutic effect was revealed in a group of animals receiving 5 ml of the drug. The indicated dosage was characterized by a 0.50...0.69 lower insemination index and a 2.3...2.5 times shorter infertility period (P≤0.05).
The effectiveness of early use of a probiotic drug in calf rearing
Authors: Filatov A. V. , Nikolaev S. V. , Syutkina A. S.
Published: January 2025

The aim of the research was to evaluate the effect of a probiotic drug on metabolic parameters, the microbiome of the digestive tract and the dynamics of body weight gain in calves. To do this, newborn young (n=10) with the first colostrum drink (hereinafter with milk) once a day for two weeks were given 0.5 ml of a probiotic drug containing 107 CFU /ml of Lactobacillus plantarum PL-99, Lactobacillus buchneri BX-99 and Bacillus subtilis BS2017 in a ratio of 1:1:1. The control was animals that had not been given a probiotic drug (n=10). It was shown that against the background of the use of bacterial culture, the content of total protein in blood serum was 10,0% (P<0,05) higher than that of the control group, globulins by 24,8% (P<0,05) alkaline phosphatase activity by 48,8% (P<0,05). The use of probiotics was accompanied by an increase in the total bacterial mass in the intestinal contents (by 1×108,44; P≤0,01), including the number of lactobacilli (by 1×106,79; P≤0,05), bacteria of the genera Staphylococcus (by 1×102,97; P≤0,01), Fusobacterium (by 1×107,52; P≤0,05), Clostridium (by 1×108,07; P≤0,001), Corynebacterium (by 1×105,02; P≤0,01). At the same time, the concentration of microorganisms such as Streptococcus spp, Eubacterium spp, Peptostreptococcus spp, which can cause diseases of the digestive tract, significantly decreased. The use of the biopreparation contributed to a 40% reduction in the occurrence of diarrhea in young animals and an increase in the average daily increase in the first month of cultivation by 36,7 g (P <0,05). Thus, early administration of the probiotic under study during the first two weeks of the neonatal period has a beneficial effect on nitrogen metabolism, the formation of intestinal microbiocenosis and the intensity of body weight gain, as well as a decrease in the incidence of diarrhea in calves.
Biologically active substances of feed additives for dairy farming and modern assortment of products based on them
Authors: Boyko T. V. , Ogurnaya Yu. E. , Kamaltinova K. N.
Published: January 2025

The article presents the results of the analysis of the register of feed additives developed for cows, as well as a brief description of the main groups of biologically active substances used in their production. The search for sources was carried out in bibliographic databases, in scientific electronic libraries with search engines: Web of Science (http://www.webofscience.com); Scopus (https:// www.scopus. com); eLIBRARY.RU (https://www.elibrary.ru); Viley Online Library (https:// onlinelibrary.wiley.com); Pubmed (https:// pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov). Scientific articles in English and Russian were accepted as sources of literature. The names of groups of substances of feed additives were used as keywords. The analysis showed that the Russian market of feed additives is represented mainly by the developments of foreign companies - out of 3696 items, 22.9% are domestic developments, 77.1% are foreign. Feed additives for dairy farming are represented by 1295 product names, which is 35% of the total number. According to the purpose of use, feed additives for cattle are classified into groups: for increasing productivity (energy feed additives, multicomponent feed additives, organic acids and their derivatives, aromatic and flavor feed additives, macro- and microelements and their complex compounds, vitamins and their derivatives, biologically active substances of plant origin containing flavonoids or flavoglycans, essential oils, herbal extracts, herbal extracts, enzymes, prebiotics, biologically active protein substances, amino acids, their salts and compounds), for the safety of young animals (vitamins and their derivatives, 1 energy feed additives, prebiotics, multicomponent feed additives, macro- and microelements and their complex compounds, amino acids, their salts and compounds, biologically active substances of plant origin containing flavonoids or flavoglycans, essential oils, herbal extracts, herbal extracts, organic acids and their derivatives). Most feed additives are designed to improve milk productivity and contain mixtures of fatty acids – 33%, microelements – 25%, vitamins – 21%, plant extracts and essential oils – 10%, microorganisms – 10%, amino acids – 9%, and a complex of organic acids – 8%.
Diagnostics of associated coliform mastitis of cows in industrial complex conditions
Authors: Smirnova L. I. , Zabrovskaia A. V. , Makarov A. V.
Published: January 2025

Mastitis is one of the main problems of dairy farming, causing significant economic damage due to reduced productivity, treatment costs and early culling of sick animals. As a rule, mastitis has a bacterial etiology, occurs both as a mono- and associated infection. We conducted a bacteriological monitoring study of cow milk samples and swabs from milking equipment in an industrial complex for milk production in the Leningrad region. 120 milk samples were examined for clinically expressed (45) and latent mastitis (15), as well as milk samples from healthy cows (30) and swabs from milking equipment (30). 94 isolates of microorganisms were obtained, in which biological properties were established. Susceptibility to antimicrobials was determined to: cephalosporins, carbapenems, aminoglycosides, monobactams, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, quinolones, polymyxins. The etiological factor of the occurrence of mastitis in cows in this farm is the association of coliform microorganisms and Pseudomonas spp. The main pathogen is Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae. In 36.7% of cases, this is an association of K. pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis. In 14.4% there was an association of K. pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in 37% of cases – K.pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, in 11.9% of cases – K. pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Shewanella spp. Isolates of Shewanella spp. had lecithinase and hemolytic activity, were halophilic and slightly virulent for white mice with subcutaneous infection. Almost all isolated microorganisms were resistant to at least one antimicrobial. Thus, a biocenosis of microorganisms has been formed in this livestock enterprise, which are potential pathogens of purulent-septic diseases, including mastitis. To prevent mastitis disease, comprehensive measures are needed to sanitize livestock premises and equipment in order to eliminate the persistent association of microorganisms in it.
Morphometric changes in parameters of eyeballs and crystalline lens in chicken embryos of the cross "lomann brown"
Authors: Dmitrieva O. S. , Arzhankova Yu. V. , Polovintseva T. M.
Published: January 2025

The article presents morphometric studies of eyeballs and crystalline lens of chicken embryos from the 4th to the 20th day of incubation in rostro-caudal and dorsoventral directions. At early stages of development, slight differences in the diameters of the right and left eyeballs were observed, which gradually decreased, reaching synchronous development by the end of incubation. In the rostro-caudal direction, the size of the right eyeball exceeded the left one by 25% on the 4th day, decreasing to 1.9% by the 20th day. Significant differences were observed on the 16th and 19th day (p<0.05...0.01). In the dorsoventral direction, the difference between the right and left eyeballs was 9.4% on the 6th day, stabilizing at 1.8-1.9% by the 18th-20th day. Significant differences were noted on the 6th (p<0.05) and 18th-20th (p<0.01) days. The lens size in the rostrocaudal direction showed a maximum deviation of 33.3% on the 4th day and a minimum of 5.9% on the 20th day. Significant differences between the right and left lens were found only on the 9th day (p<0.01), 18-19th day (p<0.01) of incubation in the dorsoventral direction the difference between the right and left lens ranged from 7.7% to 25.0% in the early stages (4-9 days), decreasing to 4.2% by the 20th day. No significant differences were found. The studies showed that the sizes of the eyeballs and crystalline lens increased in a regular manner during the incubation period, with the right eye and crystalline lens being slightly larger than the left throughout the developmental period. The size of the lens increased in proportion to the growth of the eyeballs. We noted intensive growth during the transition to the early fruiting stage of development.
Foot bones and topographically associated arteries in the sable of the black pushkin breed
Authors: Ya. Yavolovskaya O. , Shchipakin M. V. , Bylinskaya D. S. , Stratonov A. S.
Published: January 2025

The pelvic limbs give the animal a relative springiness of the body, as well as speed of movement when running and various reactions to the environment. The more active the muscle, the more abundant its blood supply should be. Knowledge of the features of the structure and topography of the pelvic limb skeleton is necessary for a veterinarian who performs not only surgical interventions on this area of the body, but also conducts a veterinary and sanitary examination to determine falsification. The cadaverous material for the study was delivered to the Department of Animal Anatomy of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of the Russian Academy of Sciences from the fur farming of the Leningrad Region. The objects for this study were the corpses of the black Pushkin sable breed of two age groups: 15-20 months from birth (puberty) and 36-40 months from birth (puberty) in the amount of 10 pieces in each group. To achieve this task, a set of traditional anatomical research methods was used. As a result of the study, the foot bones of the sable of the Black Pushkin breed, as well as the topographically associated arteries, were determined. The flattened bones of the black Pushkin sable breed are formed by three asymmetric rows (proximal, central, distal) of short bones, which are located between the bones of the shin and metatarsal. The metatarsal bones of these animals are represented by five flattened-elongated welldeveloped tubular bones. Each of the five bones has the following surfaces (dorsal, plantar, medial, lateral). The finger bones (ossa digitorum) of the black Pushkin sable breed are represented by five fingers, each of which consists of three phalanges, except the first. It consists of two phalanges. The main artery supplying the blood to the foot area is the dorsal artery of the foot, which subsequently divides many times, feeding the metatarsal and finger area. These arteries are associated with the bones of the foot area. Each bone, like an artery, has its own anatomical and topographic features that are inherent in martens, due to the way their habitat is.
Features of the microstructure of the quadriceps femoral muscle of broiler chickens of the smena-9 cross with various feeding diets
Authors: Stepanishin V. V. , Pozyabin S. V. , Borkhunova E. N. , Kozlova M. A. , Kuznetsova M. A. , Pashina N. R.
Published: January 2025

The article presents the results of studies of the histological and ultrastructural characteristics of the quadriceps femoral muscle of broiler chickens of the Smena-9 cross on the 35th day of postembryonic ontogenesis using feed additives (probiotic, prebiotic, sorbent) of domestic production in addition to the basic feeding diet.The work was implemented within the framework of the thematic task plan for the implementation of research works under the state order of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation (Agreement No. 082-03-2023-238 dated 30.01.2023) on the topic: "Development of theoretical foundations and methodology for the practical use of morphological criteria in assessing the quality and safety of poultry products." It has been shown that against the background of the use of feed additives, an increase in the weight of chickens occurs. At the same time, the microstructure of the rectus head of the quadriceps femoris of birds of the control and experimental groups, while maintaining the general plan of structure (the presence of muscular and connective tissue components, bundle organization), is not the same. Based on studies using light and transmission electron microscopy, it was shown that the signs of morphological maturity of skeletal muscle tissue are most pronounced when using a probiotic, in the case of using a prebiotic and a sorbent, muscle fibers grow less synchronously, which is manifested by the variability of their thickness. The thickness of muscle fibers, their bundles, the state of the mitochondrial apparatus, the packing density of myofibrils and their thickness, the degree of development of endomysium and perimysium and the presence of white adipose tissue can be objective morphological and morphometric criteria for assessing the condition of muscle tissue, which correlates with the taste qualities of poultry meat. Data on the structural organization of the quadriceps muscle of the new domestic cross expand the theoretical base in the field of the myology of farm birds, including in terms of identifying morphological signs of the realization of genetic potential against the background of the use of different feeding diets in chicken rearing technology, which allows us to quickly assess the effectiveness of chicken rearing technology and predict an increase in productivity.
Molecular-biological study of causes of persistent chlamydial infection in cattle: application of developed pcr test system for detecting chlamydophila abortus
Authors: Bezborodova N. A. , Kozhukhovskaya V. V. , Balysheva N. S. , Tomskikh O. G. , Martynov N. A. , Suzdaltseva M. A. , Romanova A. S.
Published: January 2025

Chlamydial infections in animals are a serious problem spread across many continents. Despite the fact that 22% of the world's countries have reported cases of chlamydial infection in animals, the actual prevalence of this disease may be much higher due to the difficulty of diagnosing it. To date, there is no commercial PCR kit for the detection of Chlamydophila abortus in the Russian Federation. In this regard, the main goal of our study was to conduct a molecular genetic study of the causative agent of chlamydial infection in cattle, using a primer PCR test system developed and optimized by us to detect the genomic DNA of species-specific Chlamydophila abortus. To achieve this goal, we conducted a retrospective analysis of the epizootological situation regarding chlamydial infections of cattle in the territory of 2 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Molecular biological studies of species identification of causative agents of chlamydial infection in cattle were carried out using commercial PCR kits and an optimized primer system to detect genomic DNA of species-specific Chlamydophila abortus. A retrospective analysis showed that in 2018-2022, “chlamydial infection” was diagnosed in 13.4% of cases. In 51.2% of cases, DNA from the pathogen Chlamydophila pecorum was present; in 19.5% of cases - Chlamydophila abortus, in 29.3% of cases - Chlamydia spp. Molecular genetic studies using an optimized primer test system to identify specific DNA regions of Chlamydophila abortus allowed us to identify the genomes of this pathogen in 34% of cases. DNA from Chlamydophila pecorum and Chlamydophila psittaci was also found in the samples. Most often, Chlamydophila abortus DNA was isolated from cow vaginal swabs - 68.8%, less often from internal organs from dead animals. The developed primer test system is an effective tool for the differential diagnosis of chlamydial infections in cattle, which can provide control over the epizootic situation for this disease.
The effect of organomineral chelate complexes on the content of chemical elements in fish muscle tissue
Authors: Polistovskaya P. A. , Karpenko L. Yu. , Makhnin I. A. , Azhikina O. Yu.
Published: January 2025

The nutritional value of fish depends on the conditions of keeping and feeding. Rational feeding should meet the needs of fish in organic and mineral components. The enrichment of fish diets with minerals rationalizes economic activities in industrial aquaculture and contributes to the production of high-quality fish products. Obtaining products enriched with trace elements is possible by adding organomineral chelate complexes to the diet. The aim of the study was to determine the content of iron, copper, zinc, cobalt, manganese and selenium in the skeletal muscle tissue of fish by atomic absorption spectrometry when feeding feed enriched with organomineral chelate complexes. The experiment was carried out for a month. The object of the study was fingerlings (0+) of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) contained in fisheries in the Leningrad region. The experimental (n=10) and control (n=10) groups were formed by the method of analog pairs. The content of iron (GOST R 56372- 2015), copper (GOST R 56372- 2015), zinc (GOST R 56372- 2015), cobalt (GOST R 56372- 2015), manganese (GOST 32343-2013) and selenium (GOST 31651-2012) were determined in muscle tissue using the MGA-1000 atomic absorption spectrometer (Lumex, Russia). The reliability of the differences between the samples of the experimental and control groups was assessed using the Student's ttest using the Microsoft Excel 2010 application (Microsoft Corp, USA). The differences were considered significant at p≥0.05. The study showed that feeding feed enriched with organomineral chelate complexes can significantly increase the content of copper, zinc and selenium in the muscle tissue of fish. An increase in the content of elements in muscle tissue indicates that the use of chelate complexes contributes to an increase in the nutritional value of fish products. Based on the data obtained, the chelate complex can be recommended for use in industrial aquaculture.
Amino acid composition of pig blood serum depending on the breed and duration of fattening
Authors: Kolesnik N. S. , Zelenchenkova A. A. , Zaitsev S. Yu.
Published: January 2025

Amino acids (AA) are the important markers of the state of protein metabolism, and therefore the study of the amino acid composition of animal tissues is an urgent task. This article presents the results of amino acid analysis of the blood serum of fattening pigs of the Landrace breed and twobreed hybrids (Landrace·Large White) depending on the duration of fattening. Fattening pigs (n=40) were divided into 6 groups depending on the breed and duration of fattening: A-2 – 60 days of fattening Landrace pigs, B-2 – 60 days of fattening F1 Landrace Large White, C-2 – 70- 80 days of fattening a Landrace pig, D-2 – 70-80 days of fattening F1 Landrace Large White, F-2 – 100 days of fattening a Landrace pig, S-2 – 100 days fattening F1 Landrace Large White. The most stable amino acids in blood levels are tyrosine, histidine, threonine, phenylalanine, glycine and proline in all studied groups of animals. According to the results obtained, changes in the AA composition of blood serum are largely due to the duration of fattening (as a one of the key feed factors) and the genotypes of animals.
Endobiotic infusoria of the snow sheep found in Yakutia
Authors: Sleptsov E. S. , Alferov I. V. , Plemyashov K. V. , Vinokhodov V. O. , Grigoriev I. I. , Grigorieva N. N.
Published: January 2025

A study of the contents of the gastrointestinal tract of the wild snow sheep in different regions of Yakutia revealed a significant diversity of endobiont infusoria, which play an important role in the digestion of this animal. Twelve species of infusoria belonging to the genera Entodinium, Eudiplodinium, Polyplastron, Metadinium, and Ophryoscolex were identified, including three new species distinguished by their morphology and description. The symbiotic fauna varied depending on the geographical location of the snow sheep populations; for example, 11 species were found in the Eveno-Bytantay ulus and 7 in the Oymyakon ulus, with seven species being common to both populations. An interesting observation is that the efficiency of snow sheep digestion directly depends on the fermentative activity of specific infusoria species, similar to other large herbivorous animals in Yakutia. Infusoria demonstrate the ability to survive for extended periods in winter conditions, which is crucial for digesting coarse plant food available in this harsh environment. This study emphasizes the importance of the interaction between microorganisms and their hosts for optimizing digestion and survival in the extreme Siberian climate. Further research in this direction could significantly contribute not only to the preservation of biodiversity but also to the development of new approaches in veterinary medicine and ecology. The discovery of three new species of infusoria aims to enrich the database of microorganisms and may represent an important step toward understanding biological adaptations to the harsh conditions of Yakutia. Understanding this interaction may have long-term implications for the management of wild animal populations, especially in the context of climate change and biodiversity conservation.
Study of antigenotoxic effect of hydrophilic cryofractions of some tissue of cattle
Authors: Vostroilova G. A. , Shabanov D. I. , Korchagina A. A. , Khokhlova N. A. , Syromyatnikov M. Yu. , Strelnikov N. A. , Nekrasov A. V.
Published: January 2025

In conditions of environmental distress and high anthropogenic load in agricultural activities, the task of maintaining the integrity of the animal genome arises. One way to solve this problem is to use drugs that have an antimutagenic effect. Pharmaceutical substances obtained from animal tissues are promising components of such drugs due to their antioxidant and radioprotective effects. In this regard, the purpose of this work was to study the genoprotective effect of hydrophilic cryofraction of the placenta (HCPC) and its mixture with hydrophilic cryofraction of the spleen of cattle (HCSPC) in mice with cytogenetic instability induced by the genotoxicant - mitomycin C (MMC). The genoprotective effect of the studied substances was assessed by reducing the frequency of micronuclei of polychromatophilic erythrocytes (MNPCE) in the bone marrow of mice after administration of MMC. The amount of damage in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in mouse liver was also determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. As a result of the studies, it was established that HCPC and HCSPC did not exhibit toxic, mutagenic or DNA-damaging effects. A course of administration of HCPC and HCSPC caused a decrease in the frequency of MNPCE in the bone marrow of mice, with induced cytogenetic instability by 38.8 and 42.3% (p<0.05), relative to animals that were administered only MMC. With a course of administration of HCPC and HCSPC to mice that received MMC, a tendency was found to reduce the amount of mtDNA damage in the liver of mice. Thus, with a course of administration of HCSPC, a decrease in the amount of mtDNA damage was observed by 48.0% and 32.4% in two mtDNA fragments, respectively, relative to mice that were administered only MMC. Thus, with a course of administration of HCSPC, the tendency towards a DNAprotective effect was more pronounced relative to HCPC. These data indicate that HCPC and HCSPC have antimutagenic and DNA protective effects, which are more pronounced by HCSPC, probably due to the high antioxidant effect.
Evaluation of the parameters of variability of the productivity of kholmogory breed bulls
Authors: Nedashkovsky I. S. , Conte A. F. , Rudianov D. M. , Abdelmanova A. S. , Volkova N. A. , Sermyagin A. A. , Gusev I. V. , Zinovieva N. A.
Published: January 2025

For the first time in Russia a mathematical analysis of sperm production of Kholmogory stud bulls will be performed based on a linear equation model. The aim of the research was to evaluate the parameters of variability of the productivity of Kholmogory stud bulls based on a linear equation model. The object of the study was Kholmogory stud bulls (n = 72) born and used mainly in the Komi Republic. The main aspects of sperm productivity that were the subject of the study include the following parameters: "proportion of live sperm", "sperm concentration", "proportion of sperm with PPD, (%)", "number of sperm with PPD in a dose", "number of sperm with intact acrosome", "number of sperm with abnormal morphology", "sperm survival at 38°C, h". The collected data were analyzed using a mixed equation model approach with the REMLF90 restricted maximum likelihood program. The highest values of the genetic correlation coefficient were found for such sperm production parameters as "sperm concentration, million/ml" - it was reliably positively associated with "the number of sperm with PPD in a dose, million" and "the number of sperm with an intact acrosome, %". In this case, the correlations were at the level of r=0.6-0.8. "The number of sperm with abnormal morphology, %" positively correlated with "the proportion of live sperm, %" and with the "sperm survival at 38°C" parameter. Negatively strong reliable relationships were not established either for the values of genetic or paratypic correlations. Low heritability of sperm productivity parameters (0.039…0.112) indicates that the influence of genetics on these parameters is small. Among these parameters, the highest heritability coefficient was demonstrated by the parameter “sperm survival at 38°C” (0.322). In light of the analysis of sperm productivity as a complex of parameters, it can be stated that this system demonstrates significant stability and variability, which emphasizes the importance of taking into account various aspects when assessing sperm productivity.
Polymorphism of allelic variants of genes in dairy cow’s breed in the conditions of mountain and plain dagestan
Authors: Ozdemirov A. A.
Published: January 2025

In the Republic of Dagestan, where livestock farming is a key area, dairy cattle breeds such as Red Steppe and Caucasian Brown have not been studied in terms of genetic identification. Variations in the PIT1, PRL and GH genes associated with milk productivity can provide important insights into the adaptation of these breeds to various environmental conditions of Dagestan - from plains to mountains and foothills. This can also reveal the unique allelic characteristics of these genes, which is the central focus of our study. The DNA used for the study was extracted from the blood of Caucasian Brown cows bred in mountain (n=74) and foothill (n=52) vertical zonality, as well as the Red Steppe breed bred in the conditions of lowland Dagestan (n=52). The studied cattle populations were genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction method – restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) on a programmable fourchannel thermal cycler "Tercik" of the company "DNA-technology" (Russia). The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out using synthesized specific primers. The study of the Caucasian brown cattle breed showed differences in the genetic profiles of individuals living in different ecosystems. In mountainous areas, the allele of the pituitary transcription factor PIT-1A occurs with a frequency of 0.10, while the allele PIT-1B - with a frequency of 0.90. On the contrary, in lowland areas, the proportion of the allele PIT-1A increases to 0.18, and PIT-1B decreases to 0.82. In the mountain zone, the genotypes PIT-1AA, PIT-1BB and PIT-1AB are 2.0%, 82.0% and 16.0%, respectively. In the plain zone, the genotype PIT-1AA is not observed. Cattle raised in certain natural conditions demonstrate unique allelic combinations that are the result of adaptation to the local environment. The data obtained allow us to take these features into account and use them in further breeding work.
Reproductive capacities of heifers taking into account their disease rate during the milk period of development
Authors: Abilov A. I. , Plemyashov K. V. , Kozmenkov P. L. , Iolchiev B. S. , Ustimenko A. V.
Published: January 2025

The work was carried out in the laboratory of cell engineering of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution FRC VIZh named after L.K. Ernst, on the basis of Agrofirma Zarya LLC, Bogorodsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Region, in herds with a milk productivity of 8100 kg of milk per lactation, in the period 2017-2021. The reproductive abilities of 495 heifers were studied in the experiment. Depending on the semen procurement method, the calves were divided into two groups: Group I (n = 244) - calves obtained from semen harvested in the traditional way (TPS); Group II (n = 251) - calves that were obtained from inseminations with semen separated by sex (RSS). The health of the calves was observed during the lactation period, from birth to two months of age. Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) diseases and respiratory diseases (RDS) were taken into account. All data were statistically processed using Microsoft Office Excel software. Average values (M), errors (m), and variability (min-max) were studied. Reliability was calculated using the Student's t-test. It was found that during the observation period, 80.8% of calves were healthy, including 78.5% in Group II and 83.2% in Group I. The incidence of GIT diseases in Group I was 10.9%, RDS - 8.3%, and in Group II, these figures were 12.4% and 9.2%, respectively. Fertile insemination occurred in an average of 52.8% of heifers, including 56.7% in Group I and 48.7% in Group II. Abortions in group I were recorded in 5.1%, in group II – in 3.5% of animals.
Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms of FASN and DGAT1 genes with live weight in beef cattle
Authors: Shevkhuzhev A. F. , Skorykh L. N. , Krivoruchko A. Yu. , Skokova A. V. , Kaniolotskaya A. A.
Published: January 2025

The domestic Kalmyk cattle breed is considered unique and differs from all meat breeds bred in Russia. Animals of this breed are endowed with natural endurance and independence from climatic conditions, they are characterized by high adaptive ability, which makes it possible to breed them both in purity and in various schemes of crossing with other breeds in many regions and regions of our country. In addition, beef from animals of this breed has quite high quality and taste indicators. Given the increasing need for high-quality beef, the need for research aimed at increasing the meat productivity of cattle is an urgent task of agricultural science and practice.The aim of the work is to study the polymorphisms of the FASN and DGAT1 genes and their association with live weight in a population of Kalmyk bull calves bred in an extremely arid climatic and semi-arid ecological landscape zone of the Stavropol Territory. The studies were conducted in the conditions of SPK (kolkhozplemzavod) "Druzhba" (Druzhba collective farm) of Stavropol Krai on Kalmyk steers (n=156) at the age of 8 months. To study the polymorphisms of the FASN and DGAT1 genes, genotyping was performed by PCRPDRF using lyophilized ready-made GenPak ® PCR Core reaction mixtures using a pair of primers selected on the Primer-BLAST resource. It was found that animals carrying AG and GG genotypes in the replacement of g.17924A>G of the FASN gene had a live weight of 7.8 and 11.9% more than the AA genotype, as well as among the entire studied livestock for the two studied genes. Animals carrying the homozygous TT genotype of c.1416T > G polymorphism in the DGAT1 gene had a higher live weight among all animals studied for this gene by 5%.
Comparative analysis of phenotypic and genetic correlations between zootechnical traits in domestic reindeer
Authors: Yuzhakov A. A. , Svischeva G. R. , Semina M. T. , Stolpovsky Yu. A. , Laishev K. A.
Published: January 2025

The study was conducted to determine the possibility of using phenotypic correlations between traits as an indirect indicator of genetic correlations in domestic reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.). The assessment of phenotypic parameters of the exterior and live weight of reindeer was carried out at the Yamal Experimental Station, a separate structural subdivision of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, the Tyumen Scientific Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The object of the study was a population sample of 94 adult females of the Nenets breed, selected at random, without constitution defects and having a calf. in October 2020. A total of 94 does (adult females) aged 3 to 9 years were examined. The animals were well-fed, had a calf and had no visible constitution defects. The sample showed high positive phenotypic correlations between “height at withers” and “height at elbow” (=0.84), “height at withers” and “chest depth” (=0.71), “live weight” and “chest girth” (=0.63), as well as between “live weight” and “chest depth” (=0.6). Genetic correlations between traits calculated using genotypes of microsatellite markers showed comparable results. For the pair of measurements “height at withers” and “height at elbow”, the genetic correlation was about 0.83, and for the pair “height at withers” and “chest depth” it was about 0.71. The results of comparative analysis between phenotypic and genetic correlation matrices demonstrated a high degree of consistency. It has been shown that phenotypic correlations can potentially be used as an indirect indicator of genetic correlations for reindeer selection for live weight and linear body dimensions.
Comparative characteristics of radiological examination and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of limb fractures in horses
Authors: Suchkov M. V. , Chernigova S. V.
Published: January 2025

The article presents a comparative characteristic of the radiological method and magnetic resonance tomography in the diagnosis of distal fractures. Method and magnetic resonance imaging method in diagnosing fractures of distal limbs in horses. The research was conducted on the basis of the veterinary clinic "Maxima Vet" and the department of diagnostics, internal noncommunicable diseases, pharmacology, surgery and obstetrics of FGBOU VO Omsk GAU from January 2023 to the present time. The object of the study were horses with suspected fracture of the metatarsal bone (n=9) and fracture of the proximal phalanx (n=11). A set of diagnostic methods was used, including primary examination, radiological examination and magnetic resonance imaging of the area with suspected pathology. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out according to generally accepted methods. Radiological examination of these types of fractures is not an objective method of diagnosis to a greater extent due to the planar nature of the image, which does not allow clear visualisation and differentiation of normal physiological structures from pathological ones, and there is a probability of their superimposition. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed fractures of the investigated areas in 100% of cases. It is worth noting that fractures of these structures were more frequently registered in males - geldings and stallions, while in mares these pathologies were much less frequent. The age of animals with sagittal fracture of the proximal phalanx was 10.4±0.9 years, with fracture of the lateral condyle of the third metatarsal bone - 9.8±0.7 years. The obtained results allow to improve differential diagnostics of pathologies of musculoskeletal apparatus in horses for immediate start of necessary therapy and quick recovery of the traumatised animal.