bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the musculoskeletal performance with squat tests and performance-oriented measurements in older adults
Authors: Uysal Irfan , Cetisli-Korkmaz Nilufer , Cavlak Ugur
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: Balance and mobility impairments, declined musculoskeletal strength and performance, limited range of motion, and poor flexibility are fairly common among older adults. OBJECTIVES: To determine the lower extremity muscle force and to verify the correlation with the gait characteristics and balance in community dwelling older adults. METHODS: Seventy-five adults with a mean age of 75.07 ± 6.28 years were included in the study. All participants were evaluated with the following tests: half squat (HS), decline squat (DS), foot print analysis (step length, step wide, stride length, walking velocity and cadence) and Tinetti Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA). RESULTS: HS and DS test scores were significantly correlated with Tinetti Balance and Gait Assessment scores and gait characteristics, except step wide (p< 0.01). The results of this study showed that the participants who have higher scores in the squat tests, showed higher scores in terms of POMA (p< 0.01). CONCLUSION: Appropriate and direct assessment of lower limb power and performance in balance and gait tests should be done to identify functioning of the older adults. Half and eccentric decline squat tests used in this study were useful, cheap and easy. The squat tests can be used to determine the relationship between balance and gait characteristics, in addition to predicting the musculoskeletal performance in older adults.
The relationship of hip rotation range, hip rotator strength and balance in healthy individuals
Authors: Kim Yongwook , Kang Seungmook
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: Few studies have explored the relationship between muscle strength, range of motion (ROM), and balance in the horizontal plane of the hip joint using three-dimensional (3D) motion analysis. OBJECTIVE: We investigate the relationships of hip internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) ROM, measured using a 3D motion capture system, with hip internal and external rotator strength and single-leg standing balance. METHODS: The participants were 40 healthy adults. Kinematic data on hip ROM were collected using an eight-camera motion analysis system. Hip rotational strength measurements were obtained using hand-held isometric dynamometry. A Single-leg standing test and a pendular test were conducted to evaluate static and dynamic balance ability using BioRescue. RESULTS: Significant correlations were found between hip strength and each variable measured during hip ROM assessments (p< 0.05). Significant positive correlations were found between the hip IR/ER strength ratio and the IR/ER ROM ratio (r= 0.72, p< 0.01). The subgroup with a normal IR/ER ratio of hip rotator strength and ROM showed significantly better dynamic balance ability than the subgroup with a hip rotator muscle imbalance (p< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There is a significant relationship between hip IR/ER strength and IR/ER ROM with a normal hip IR/ER strength and ROM ratio positively affecting dynamic balance ability.
New occurrence of Gryon gallardoi (Brèthes, 1914) (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) Hemiptera parasitoid in Brazil
Authors: Marchiori Carlos Henrique
Published: December 2019

The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of Gryon gallardoi (Brèthes, 1914) (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) in the municipality of Itumbiara, Goias Brazil. The collections were weekly, with 10 traps, placed at ground level and randomly distributed, in a total of five basins in the pastures and five in the forest. These traps consisted of spherical yellow plastic basins, approximately 30 cm in diameter and 12 cm high where a mixture of 2 liters of water, 2 ml of detergent and 2 ml of formaldehyde were deposited. During 1998, 1013 specimens of Scelionidae were collected, and 109 specimens of G. gallardoi were identified, constituting 10.7% of the Scelionidae. A total of 480 samples were collected and 63 specimens were collected from pastures (57.8%) and 46 from the forest (42.2%).The results found in this work allow to extend the geographic distribution of G. gallardoi in Brazil.

Key words: Insects, eggs, idiobiont, biocontrol, agricultural pests

Source: Revista Biosciência , p.177 - 179, 2002.
Menumbuhkan Jiwa Kepemimpinan Pada Mahasiswa di Lingkungan Universitas Pamulang
Authors: Farida Syarifah Ida , Anjani Septi Rostika
Published: December 2019

ABSTRAKMenumbuhkan Jiwa Kepemimpinan Pada Mahasiswa di Lingkungan Universitas Pamulang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui, menganalisis gambaran umum mahasiswa Universitas Pamulang (UNPAM) dan menumbuhkan jiwa kepemimpinan pada mahasiswa di lingkungan Universitas Pamulang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di lingkungan UNPAM. Penetapan informan sebagai sumber data yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, kuesioner, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data diperoleh melalui credibility, transferability, dependability, dan confirmatory. Analisis data kualitatif: reduksi, paparan data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kurangnya minat mahasiswa untuk mengikuti kegiatan kokurikuler dan ekstrakulikuler yang ada di lingkungan Universitas Pamulang. Data yang diperoleh peneliti melalui wawancara langsung kepada para responden bahwa kebanyakan mahasiswa hanya fokus kepada pendidikan saja yaitu pembelajaran di kelas. Sedangkan sedikit sekali minat mereka untuk melakukan kegiatan di luar kelas. Beberapa cara yang bisa dilakukan untuk memupuk jiwa kepemimpinan, di antaranya bangunlah pengetahuan, rajinlah membaca; bukalah jendela sel-sel diri sendiri; disiplin diri; bekerjalah dengan prioritas; kerjakan atau delegasikan; bangunlah kepercayaan dan respek; jaga kestabilan emosi; latihlah diri berkomunikasi dan mumpuni; belajarlah menulis; dan gunakan manajemen.Dalam menumbuhkan jiwa kepemimpinan kepada para mahasiswa ada tiga poin penting yaitu leadership (kepemimpinan), team working (kerjasama tim) dan communication (komunikasi). Sedangkan untuk menjadi kepemimpinan yang unggul harus memiliki vision, value and couragevisi, value, courage, competence (kompetensi), strong dan nature character yang didukung dengan tiga kecakapan yang harus dimiliki yaitu kecakapan teknis akademis atau knowledge, kecakapan kemanusiaan atau skill, dan kecakapan spiritual.Kata kunci: jiwa kepemimpinan, mahasiswa
Nilai Tambah dan Strategi Nilai Tambah dan Strategi Pemasaran Sale Pisang Sale Pisang
Authors: Furyanah Anah , Maharani Haidilia
Published: December 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa manfaat buah pisang sebagai nilai tambah di industry sari murni kecamatan Dayeuhluhur kabupaten Cilacap Jawa Tengah. selain itu juga untuk mengetahui rancangan staretegi pemasaran sale pisang pada industry rumah tangga sari murni di kecamatan Dayeuhluhur kabupaten Cilacap Jawa Tengah.Penelitian ini merupakan  penelitian deskriptif analisis, menggunakan  analisa Nilai tambah  metode hayami dan analisa SWOT. Lokasi penelitian berada di Kabupaten Cilacap  Provinsi Jawa Tengah.Hasil penelitian pada industri sale pisang sari murni yaitu setelah melakukan analisa menggunakan metode hayami terdapat nilai tambah pada industry sale pisang sari murni sebesar rp 5.740,- setiap kilogramnya. Buah pisang yang sebelum diolah mempunyai harga Rp 2.500 setelah diolah menjadi Rp 46.000,- untuk pisang sale dan Rp 35.000,- untuk pisang sale siem. Setelah melakukan analisis SWOT strategi pasar pada industry sale pisang sari murni adalah berada pada kuadran I yaitu menggunakan strategi SO ( Strength-opportunity) yaitu menggunakan kekuatan perusahaan untuk memanfaatkan peluang yang dihadapi. Strategi tersebut yaitu : mengadakan kerjasama dengan reseller, lokasi strategis dekat dengan jalan besar dimaksimalkan untuk promosi dan pemasangan spanduk besar serta pemajangan produk yang lengkap, kualitas produk harus terus dijaga, menjaga ketersediaan bahan baku, pembinaan terhadap tenaga kerja.
Pengaruh Strategi Pemasaran Dan Pelayanan Umum Terhadap Kepuasan Nasabah Pada PT. Bank Danamon Tbk. Kantor Cabang Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Syahnego Syahnego
Published: December 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh strategi pemasaran terhadap kepuasan nasabah pada PT. Bank Danamon Tbk kantor cabang Tangerang Selatan, untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelayanan umum terhadap kepuasan nasabah pada PT. Bank Danamon Tbk kantor Cabang Tangerang Selatan, untuk mengetahui pengaruh strategi pemasaran dan pelayanan umum terhadap kepuasan nasabah pada PT. Bank Danamon Tbk. kantor cabang Tangerang Seatan.Penelitian ini bersifat observasional analitik dengan metode kuantitatif, Data dikumpulkan melalui penyebaran kuisioner langsung kepada responden sebanyak 105 responden yang diambil menggunakan rumus Slovin dengan populasi sebanyak 1.800.000 nasabah PT. Bank Danamon Tbk. kantor cabang Tangerang Selatan.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: Terdapat pengaruh strategi pemasaran terhadap kepuasan nasabah, dilihat dari nilai thitung > ttabel  yaitu 5.147 > 1.982, pengaruh pelayanan umum terhadap kepuasan nasabah, terbukti nilai thitung  > Ttabel yaitu  6.091 > 1.982. Pengaruh strategi pemasaran dan pelayanan umum terhadap kepuasan nasabah, terbukti nilai Fhitung > Ftabel yaitu 449.727 > 2.69, dengan tingkat signifikan 0,000 < 0,05 sehingga dapat dikatakan maka Strategi Pemasaran (X1) dan Pelayanan Umum (X2) secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap Kepuasan Nasabah (Y). Sedangkan nilai Adjusted R Square sebesar 0.896.
أثر دعائم نموذج التطوير خُماسي الأبعاد في التغلب على المعوقات الداخلية والخارجية للمصارف الإسلامية
Authors: Alhersh Nafith
Published: December 2019

واجهت المصارف الإسلامية معوقات وتحديات حقيقية في المجالات الداخلية والخارجية بعد أن أصبحت تؤدي دورًا مهمً في الاقتصاد العالمي، خصوصًا بعد الأزمة المالية العالمية وما تبعها من آثار على اقتصاديات العالم. قدم البحث نموذجًا جديدًا لتطوير عمل المصارف الإسلامية يرتكز على أبعاد خمسة ترتبط مباشرة بالمعوقات التي تواجه الصيرفة الإسلامية، وهذه المعوقات داخلية، وتشمل: تقليدية العمل المصرفي الإسلامي، وغياب المنتجات المبتكرة، والمعوقات الشرعية، وضعف الموارد البشرية الكفؤة والمؤهلة، ومعوقات خارجية، وتشمل غياب الأسواق المالية الخاصة بالمصارف الإسلامية، إضافة للمشاكل والتحديات الخارجية الأخرى، كالعولمة، والاندماج المصرفي، والمتطلبات التكنولوجية الحديثة، وضعف تعاون البنوك الإسلامية فيما بينها. أبرز النتائج التي توصلت لها الدراسة وجود أثر ذي دلالة إحصائية لجميع دعائم النموذج في التغلب على المعوقات الداخلية والخارجية للمصارف الإسلامية. أوصت الدراسة بأهمية تبنىنموذج التطوير خُاسي الأبعاد لتطوير عمل المصارف الإسلامية من خلال دعائم هذا النموذج وهي: التمييز، التشريع، التنوير، التطوير، والتحرير، وذلك وُصولً لتمكين المصارف الإسلامية من تعزيز حضورها على المستويين المحلي والعالمي في إطار المنافسة العادلة، وبما يضمن تحقيق التنمية المستدامة في كافة قطاعات العمل، إضافة لأهمية تأسيس دوائر البحث والتطوير، وتشجيع البحث العلمي، وابتكار المنتجات الجديدة. الكلمات المفتاحية : نموذج التطوير خُاسي الأبعاد، تقليدية العمل المصرفي، المعوقات الشرعية، الأسواق المالية، العولمة، الاندماج المصرفي.
TRADABLE AND NON-TRADABLE RIGHT FROM ISLAMIC LAW OF CONTRACTS PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Ziaurrahman Muhammad
Published: December 2019

Islam advocates the protection of all types of Rights. However, each and every type of Right is not directly regulated by Shari’ah (Islamic Law) while the principles of Shari’ah can be construed to provide support for such regulation and protection. To the best of our knowledge, there is no such paper which efficiently talks about the tradable and non-tradable Rights from Islamic Law of Contracts Perspective as such that it provides a framework to evaluate different types of Rights for their permissibility of being subject matter of contract. This paper attempts to address this issue by using library research method (Qualitative Assessment) whereby, data is collected from books, articles, etc. Inductive and deductive methods are used for formulation of arguments and for providing justifications. The findings of this study suggest that not every Right shall be considered subject matter of contract. Furthermore, there are Rights that are specifically granted to the holder and they are not transferable, Rights that are allowed to be sold for a price, Rights that are not allowed to be sold but can be subject of sulh (compromise) / tanazul (waiver), and Rights that are allowed and sometimes not allowed to be inherited. Keywords: Rights in Islam, Sale of Rights, Intellectual property Rights
دور المصارف الإسلامية في تمويل رواد الأعمال برأس مال مخاطر
Authors: Oweida Adnan
Published: December 2019

تقوم فكرة البحث على التحقق من أداء المصارف الإسلامية في الواقع التطبيقي ومدى إسهامها في تمويل رواد الأعمال برأس مال مخاطر يخضع لمبادئ تقاسم المخاطر. أمّا الجديد الذي أتى به البحث فيتمحور حول الكشف عن مدى إسهام المصارف الإسلامية في التمويل التشاركي والذي يستند لمبادئ التشاركية في تقاسم نتائج المشروع ربحًا أو خسارةً، كذلك الكشف عن دور وأهمية رأس المال المخاطر في التنمية والذي يتوقف عليه مستقبل الاقتصاد، حيث يعد المنظم )المضارب( العنصر الأهم من بين عناصر الفعالية الاقتصادية، فهو مبتكر المشاريع وهو ذلك الشخص المبدع الذي يكتشف خللً في السوق، فيحول هذا الخلل إلى مشروع ينتج سلعة أو خدمة تمثل قيمة مضافة في الاقتصاد. لكن النظام التمويلي التقليدي لا ينصف هذا العنصر النادر، حيث يرفض تمويله إلا على أساس الفائدة في حال توفر الضمانات لديه، ويتركه وحيدًا في مهب الريح يواجه الخطر وحده، بينما يضمن الممول عائدًا عقديًا ثابتًا متفقًا عليه، وهذه معضلة
متطلبات إنشاء الشركات الوقفية في ضوء بعض القوانين العربية مقارنة بالشريعة الإسلامية
Authors: Alani Usama
Published: December 2019

يقع على عاتق الوقف في عالمنا الإسلامي مسؤوليات جسام، لا يمكنه من النهوض بها لتدني ريعه لأسباب شتى، مما تؤثر بالسلب على أصله، الأمر الذي يحتم البحث عن صيغ جديدة معاصرة لإنشاء الوقف، مواصفات هذه الصيغ ينبغي أن لا تتقاطع مع أحكام الوقف، ولا مع القوانين والأنظمة السائدة. ويُمكن لهذه الصيغ أن تستنبط من تجربة العالم الغربي في إنشاء شركات وقفية يتم تكوينها عن طريق الاكتتاب العام. يهدف البحث إلى بلورة الأساس النظري في إمكانية إنشاء الشركات الوقفية ومتطلباتها بوصفها إحدى الصيغ التمويلية المبتكرة للارتقاء بالأصول الوقفية. وقد توصل البحث إلى إمكانية إسقاط أركان الوقف على الشركة الوقفية، مع مراعاة خصوصيتها، مع ضرورة التزام الشركة الوقفية بالقوانين المحاسبية السائدة بما يضمن المحافظة على أصول الشركة الوقفية وحقوقها، ومتطلبات الشفافية. واقترح الباحث لضمان ديمومة الشركات الوقفية ونجاحها، تشريع قانون خاص لهذه الشركات يكون مزيجاً لتفاعل كل من قانون الشركات مع قانون الأوقاف مضافاً إليه قانون المؤسسات غير الربحية، بحيث تغطى جميع الجوانب المتعلقة بخصوصية الشركة الوقفية في التشريع المقترح. الكلمات المفتاحية: الوقف، الشركات الوقفية، قانون الشركات.
التوجيه الشرعي للتعامل بالعملات الافتراضية البتكوين نموذجًا
Authors: Ahmed Mounir
Published: December 2019

تعتبر العملات الافتراضية المشفرة ظاهرة جديدة ومقلقة في الأوساط الاقتصادية عالميًا، فالانتشار المتسارع لها في الأسواق دعا إلى تقييم تداعياتها على كافة الصعد، وقد انقسمت الآراء حولها إلى قسمين: الأول: يرى أنها المستقبل الجديد للنقود، والثاني: يراها قنبلة اقتصادية عالمية وأحد أكبر الفقاعات على مر التاريخ. ونسعى في هذا البحث إلى تسليط الضَّوء على الناحية الشرعية انطلاقًا من البيانات المتاحة حولها من المصادر المختلفة ذات العلاقة باستخدام المنهج الاستقرائي التحليلي. وقد خَلُص البحث إلى أن العملات يجب أن تكون منظمة تنظيمً قانونيًا عادلً صادرًا عن سلطة حاكم يتمتع بالشرعية، ويحرم أن تصدر عن جهات خاصة تنتفع بأصل الإصدار على الراجح، وأن الرواج كوصف وعلة للثمنية ليس كافيًا لإجازة التعامل بها على المستوى العام مع قولنا بسريان الأحكام الشرعية عليها استثناءً لتوافر الثمنية فيها، وثمة اعتبارات أخرى تراعى للإقرار الخاص والعام كالتقييد بعدم الإضرار، كما أن هذه العملات تشتمل على أخطار اقتصادية وتقنية وقانونية تجعلنا نذهب إلى التوصية بمنع التداول بها على المستوى العام مرفقًا بالتعليل والنصح والإرشاد؛ وذلك حفاظًا على المقاصد الاقتصادية الشرعية للدول، ما دامت المعطيات على ما هي عليه.
Çocuk Çölyak Hastalarında Glutensiz Diyet ve Mikrobiyota Odaklı Tedavilerin İntestinal Mikrobiyotaya Etkisi
Authors: Ertaş-Öztürk Yasemin , Karabudak Efsun
Published: December 2019

Çölyak hastalığı genetik yatkınlığı bulunan bireylerde gluten tüketimini izleyen dönemde ciddi gastrointestinal veya ekstraintestinal sistem bozuklukları ile seyreden ince bağırsağın bir hastalığıdır. Hastalığın patogenezinde genetik etmenlerin yanı sıra çevresel faktörlerin rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir. Son yıllarda intestinal mikrobiyotadaki değişimlerin çölyak hastalığının patogenezindeki yeri gösterilmeye ve potansiyel girişimsel olmayan tedaviler için ipuçları sağlanmaya çalışılmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalar çölyağın aktif ve tedavi altındaki dönemlerinde mikrobiyota değişimleri olduğunu göstermektedir. Ancak, çölyağın tedavisinde kullanılan glutensiz diyetlerin de bu değişimlere katkıda bulunduğuna dair araştırmalar mevcuttur. Dolayısıyla, intestinal mikrobiyotanın modülasyonunda konakçı, diyet ve immün sistem etkileşimlerinin bir arada değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu derleme ile çocuk çölyak hastalarında glutensiz diyet ve mikrobiyota odaklı tedavilerin intestinal mikrobiyotaya etkisi incelenmiştir.
Systemy opodatkowania nieruchomości w państwach Grupy Wyszehradzkiej
Authors: Etel Leonard
Published: December 2019

Głównym celem artykułu jest przedstawienie obowiązujących w państwach Grupy Wyszehradzkiej systemów opodatkowania nieruchomości. W Europie obok systemów bazujących na wartości nieruchomości (ad valorem), charakterystycznych dla zdecydowanej większości państw UE, funkcjonują także systemy powierzchniowe i mieszane. Obowiązują one nadal, chociaż już od początku lat 90. ubiegłego wieku daje się zauważyć w Europie Środkowej odchodzenie od systemów odnoszących się do powierzchni nieruchomości na rzecz opodatkowania wartości nieruchomości. W Polsce, Czechach i na Słowacji w dalszym ciągu dominuje powierzchnia jako podstawa opodatkowania, a wartość funkcjonuje jedynie w odniesieniu do niektórych rodzajów nieruchomości. Podobnie jest na Węgrzech, gdzie samorządy nie są zainteresowane wyborem systemów opartych na wartości nieruchomości, chociaż mają taką możliwość. Dlaczego akurat w tych państwach nie zrealizowano jeszcze reformy systemów opodatkowania nieruchomości? Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą odpowiedzi na to pytanie.
Thrombin generation in cardiovascular disease and mortality - results from the Gutenberg Health Study
Authors: Pauline C.S. van Paridon  , Marina Panova-Noeva  , Rene van Oerle  , Andreas Schultz  , Iris M. Hermanns  , Jürgen H. Prochaska  , Nathalie Arnold  , Harald Binder  , Irene Schmidtmann  , Manfred E. Beutel  , Norbert Pfeiffer  , Thomas Münzel  , Karl J. Lackner  , Hugo ten Cate  , Philipp S. Wild  , Henri M.H. Spronk
Published: December 2019

Thrombin generation may be a potential tool to improve risk stratification for cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to explore the relation between thrombin generation and cardiovascular risk factors, cardiovascular diseases, and total mortality. For this study, N=5000 subjects from the population-based Gutenberg Health Study were analysed in a highly standardized setting. Thrombin generation was assessed by the Calibrated Automated Thrombogram method at 1 and 5 pM tissue factors trigger in platelet poor plasma. Lag time, endogenous thrombin potential, and peak height were derived from the thrombin generation curve. Sex-specific multivariable linear regression analysis adjusted for age, cardiovascular risk factors, cardiovascular diseases and therapy, was used to assess clinical determinants of thrombin generation. Cox regression models adjusted for age, sex, cardiovascular risk factors and vitamin K antagonists investigated the association between thrombin generation parameters and total mortality. Lag time was positively associated with obesity and dyslipidaemia for both sexes (p<0.0001). Obesity was also positively associated with endogenous thrombin potential in both sexes (p<0.0001) and peak height in males (1 pM tissue factor, p=0.0048) and females (p<0.0001). Cox regression models showed an increased mortality in individuals with lag time (1 pM tissue factor, hazard ratio=1.46, [95% CI: 1.07; 2.00], p=0.018) and endogenous thrombin potential (5 pM tissue factor, hazard ratio = 1.50, [1.06; 2.13], p=0.023) above the 95th percentile of the reference group, independent of the cardiovascular risk profile. This large-scale study demonstrates traditional cardiovascular risk factors, particularly obesity, as relevant determinants of thrombin generation. Lag time and endogenous thrombin potential were found as potentially relevant predictors of increased total mortality, which deserves further investigation.
De la cultura popular a la cultura del espectáculo
Authors: Muñiz Jaén Ignacio
Published: December 2019

En un mundo y en unos tiempos donde todo se subordina y mide en relación a la competitividad económica, con recetas que persiguen aumentar la productividad y la rentabilidad reproduciendo el modelo capitalista y con él la explotación y la marginalidad de lo considerado “no rentable económicamente”, la cultura corre el riesgo cierto de convertirse en cultura del espectáculo y los ciudadanos en meros consumidores pasivos y adiestrados (hecho que ya ocurre en gran medida)...
Model-based evaluation of the genetic impacts of farm-escaped Atlantic salmon on wild populations
Authors: Bradbury IR , Duffy S , Lehnert SJ , Jóhannsson R , Fridriksson JH , Castellani M , Burgetz I , Sylvester E , Messmer A , Layton K , Kelly N , Dempson JB , Fleming IA
Published: December 2019

Genetic interactions (i.e. hybridization) between wild and escaped Atlantic salmon Salmo salar from aquaculture operations have been widely documented, yet the ability to incorporate predictions of risk into aquaculture siting advice has been limited. Here we demonstrate a model-based approach to assessing these potential genetic interactions using a salmon aquaculture expansion scenario in southern Newfoundland as an example. We use an eco-genetic individual-based Atlantic salmon model (IBSEM) parameterized for southern Newfoundland populations, with regional environmental data and field-based estimates of survival, to explore how the proportion of escapees relative to the size of wild populations could potentially influence genetic and demographic changes in wild populations. Our simulations suggest that both demographic decline and genetic change are predicted when the percentage of escapees in a river relative to wild population size is equal to or exceeds 10% annually. The occurrence of escapees in southern Newfoundland rivers under a proposed expansion scenario was predicted using river and site locations and models of dispersal for early and late escapees. Model predictions of escapee dispersal suggest that under the proposed expansion scenario, the number of escapees is expected to increase by 49% and the highest escapee concentrations will shift westward, consistent with the location of proposed expansion (20 rivers total >10% escapees, max 24%). Our results identify susceptible rivers and potential impacts predicted under the proposed aquaculture expansion scenario and illustrate how model-based predictions of both escapee dispersal and genetic impacts can be used to inform both aquaculture management decisions and wild salmon conservation.
A Nursing Study Abroad Experience in the Blue Zone of Sardinia, Italy: A Case Study of the Program and Development
Authors: Naber Jessica , Hale Amy
Published: December 2019

Each year, more than 300,000 American students have an international experience to earn academic credit on a variety of programs ranging from two weeks to a full academic year. Education Abroad (EA) enables students to “experience new perspectives, learn how to navigate different cultures, work with diverse peers, and communicate in other languages” [1]. In nursing, studying abroad has been shown to help with cultural awareness, personal growth, cultural immersion, and networking. EA opportunities help nursing students to gain “diverse cultural perspectives, as well as global competence” [2] in a world where they will be providing care for an increasingly diverse population.

At a mid-size university in the American South, an associate professor in nursing who has previous EA experience, became interested in a health-related concept known as the Blue Zones, described below. She realized that this particular research area of interest could be applied to an opportunity for a health-related study abroad program for nursing students and other college students interested in the concept. In this article, the authors will describe the concept of Blue Zones, how an EA program focusing on the concept was developed, what was involved in the course connected with the program, and details of the experience.
Performance Analysis of the Shore-to-Reef Atmospheric Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution
Authors: Zhang Shujing , Xiao Chen , Zhou Chun , Wang Xiang , Yao Jianshu , Zhang Hailong , Bao Wansu
Published: December 2019

The effects of sea salt concluded in oceanic atmosphere are ubiquitous in practical wireless optical links. Here a shore-to-reef atmospheric continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) model is established on the basis of Mie scattering theory, with the aim to characterize the complex case of beam propagation in the atmosphere caused by sea salt particles. The effects on performance of shore-to-reef atmospheric CVQKD under the sea salt particles and relative humidity are also studied. Simulation results show that the increase of particle radius and relative humidity will lead to the degeneration of secret key rate. Extending the channel distance also reduces the secret key rate. This paper provides a basis for the establishment of practical shore-to-reef atmospheric CVQKD model. The research of this paper also gives momentous reference for the study of optical communication channel models with other suspended particles over the ocean.
Corneal Epithelial–Stromal Fibroblast Constructs to Study Cell–Cell Communication in Vitro
Authors: McKay Tina B. , Karamichos Dimitrios , Hutcheon Audrey E. K. , Guo Xiaoqing , Zieske James D.
Published: December 2019

Cell–cell communication plays a fundamental role in mediating corneal wound healing following injury or infection. Depending on the severity of the wound, regeneration of the cornea and the propensity for scar development are influenced by the acute resolution of the pro-fibrotic response mediated by closure of the wound via cellular and tissue contraction. Damage of the corneal epithelium, basement membrane, and anterior stroma following a superficial keratectomy is known to lead to significant provisional matrix deposition, including secretion of fibronectin and thrombospondin-1, as well as development of a corneal scar. In addition, corneal wounding has previously been shown to promote release of extracellular vesicles from the corneal epithelium, which, in addition to soluble factors, may play a role in promoting tissue regeneration. In this study, we report the development and characterization of a co-culture system of human corneal epithelial cells and corneal stromal fibroblasts cultured for 4 weeks to allow extracellular matrix deposition and tissue maturation. The secretion of provisional matrix components, as well as small and large extracellular vesicles, was apparent within the constructs, suggesting cell–cell communication between epithelial and stromal cell populations. Laminin-1β was highly expressed by the corneal epithelial layer with the presence of notable patches of basement membrane identified by transmission electron microscopy. Interestingly, we identified expression of collagen type III, fibronectin, and thrombospondin-1 along the epithelial–stromal interface similar to observations seen in vivo following a keratectomy, as well as expression of the myofibroblast marker, α-smooth muscle actin, within the stroma. Our results suggest that this corneal epithelial–stromal model may be useful in the study of the biochemical phenomena that occur during corneal wound healing.
Stromal Cell Signature Associated with Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Katayama Maria Lucia Hirata , Vieira René Aloísio da Costa , Andrade Victor Piana , Roela Rosimeire Aparecida , Lima Luiz Guilherme Cernaglia Aureliano , Kerr Ligia Maria , Campos Adriano Polpo de , Pereira Carlos Alberto de Bragança , Serio Pedro Adolpho de Menezes Pacheco , Encinas Giselly , Maistro Simone , Petroni Matheus de Almeida Leite , Brentani Maria Mitzi , Folgueira Maria Aparecida Azevedo Koike
Published: December 2019

Breast cancer stromal compartment, may influence responsiveness to chemotherapy. Our aim was to detect a stromal cell signature (using a direct approach of microdissected stromal cells) associated with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (neoCT) in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). The tumor samples were collected from 44 patients with LABC (29 estrogen receptor (ER) positive and 15 ER negative) before the start of any treatment. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisted of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, followed by paclitaxel. Response was defined as downstaging to maximum ypT1a-b/ypN0. The stromal cells, mainly composed of fibroblast and immune cells, were microdissected from fresh frozen tumor samples and gene expression profile was determined using Agilent SurePrint G3 Human Gene Expression microarrays. Expression levels were compared using MeV (MultiExperiment Viewer) software, applying SAM (significance analysis of microarrays). To classify samples according to tumor response, the order of median based on confidence statements (MedOr) was used, and to identify gene sets correlated with the phenotype downstaging, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Nine patients presented disease downstaging. Eleven sequences (FDR 17) were differentially expressed, all of which (except H2AFJ) more expressed in responsive tumors, including PTCHD1 and genes involved in abnormal cytotoxic T cell physiology, TOX, LY75, and SH2D1A. The following four pairs of markers could correctly classify all tumor samples according to response: PTCHD1/PDXDC2P, LOC100506731/NEURL4, SH2D1A/ENST00000478672, and TOX/H2AFJ. Gene sets correlated with tumor downstaging (FDR < 0.01) were mainly involved in immune response or lymphocyte activation, including CD47, LCK, NCK1, CD24, CD3E, ZAP70, FOXP3, and CD74, among others. In locally advanced breast cancer, stromal cells may present specific features of immune response that may be associated with chemotherapy response.
Variance Risk Identification and Treatment of Clinical Pathway by Integrated Bayesian Network and Association Rules Mining
Authors: Du Gang , Shi Yinan , Liu Aijun , Liu Taoning
Published: December 2019

With the continuous development of data mining techniques in the medical field, variance analysis in clinical pathways based on data mining approaches have attracted increasing attention from scholars and decision makers. However, studies on variance analysis and treatment of specific kinds of disease are still relatively scarce. In order to reduce the hazard of postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section, we conducted a detailed analysis on the relevant risk factors and treatment mechanisms, adopting the integrated Bayesian network and association rule mining approaches. By proposing a Bayesian network model based on regression analysis, we calculated the probability of risk factors determining the key factors that result in postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section. In addition, we mined a few association rules regarding the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage on the basis of different clinical features. We divided the risk factors into primary and secondary risk factors by realizing the classification of different causes of postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section and sorted the posterior probability to obtain the key factors in the primary and secondary risk factors: uterine atony and prolonged labor. The rules of clinical features associated with the management of postpartum hemorrhage during cesarean section were obtained. Finally, related strategies were proposed for improving medical service quality and enhancing the rescue efficiency of clinical pathways in China.
Comparison of the Trilateral Flash Cycle and Rankine Cycle with Organic Fluid Using the Pinch Point Temperature
Authors: Lai Kai-Yuan , Lee Yu-Tang , Chen Miao-Ru , Liu Yao-Hsien
Published: December 2019

Low-temperature heat utilization can be applied to waste heat from industrial processes or renewable energy sources such as geothermal and ocean energy. The most common low-temperature waste-heat recovery technology is the organic Rankine cycle (ORC). However, the phase change of ORC working fluid for the heat extraction process causes a pinch-point problem, and the heat recovery cannot be efficiently used. To improve heat extraction and power generation, this study explored the cycle characteristics of the trilateral flash cycle (TFC) in a low-temperature heat source. A pinch-point-based methodology was developed for studying the optimal design point and operating conditions and for optimizing working fluid evaporation temperature and mass flow rate. According to the simulation results, the TFC system can recover more waste heat than ORC under the same operating conditions. The net power output of the TFC was approximately 30% higher than ORC but at a cost of higher pump power consumption. Additionally, the TFC was superior to ORC with an extremely low-temperature heat source (<80 °C), and the ideal efficiency was approximately 3% at the highest work output condition. The TFC system is economically beneficial for waste-heat recovery for low-temperature heat sources.
Performance Comparison of a Distributed Energy System under Different Control Strategies with a Conventional Energy System
Authors: Tang Yifang , Liu Zhiqiang , Li Lan
Published: December 2019

The distributed energy system (DES) has increasingly attracted considerable attention from researchers due to its environmental friendliness and high efficiency. In the hot summer and cold winter areas, DES is an efficient alternative for district cooling and heating. A case study located in Changsha, China, which is a typical hot summer and cold winter area, is analyzed. Four control strategies are proposed in this study. The four cases under different control strategies are compared in terms of energy, economy, environment, solar fraction, and soil annual heat imbalance rate. Results show that the DES can be an energy saving and environmentally friendly alternative. The primary energy saving (PES) is more than 36.70% and can reach up to 48.04%, whereas DES can realize economical operation and reduce the emission of carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, and dust. In addition, DES consumes more electricity and less natural gas than the conventional energy system. These features are beneficial to the optimization of China’s energy consumption structure. Moreover, the operation of seasonal thermal storage for the ground soil is effective in maintaining the balance of soil annual heat. The control strategy combining geothermal and solar energies is recommended due to its good performance and high flexibility. This study may provide guidance in the development of DESs in hot summer and cold winter climate zones.
Effect of Viscous Dissipation in Heat Transfer of MHD Flow of Micropolar Fluid Partial Slip Conditions: Dual Solutions and Stability Analysis
Authors: Lund Liaquat Ali , Omar Zurni , Khan Ilyas , Kadry Seifedine , Rho Seungmin , Mari Irshad Ali , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy
Published: December 2019

In this study, first-order slip effect with viscous dissipation and thermal radiation in micropolar fluid on a linear shrinking sheet is considered. Mathematical formulations of the governing equations of the problem have been derived by employing the fundamental laws of conservations which then converted into highly non-linear coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) of boundary layers. Linear transformations are employed to change PDEs into non-dimensional ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The solutions of the resultant ODEs have been obtained by using of numerical method which is presented in the form of shootlib package in MAPLE 2018. The results reveal that there is more than one solution depending upon the values of suction and material parameters. The ranges of dual solutions are S   ≥   S c i , i   =   0 ,   1 ,   2 and no solution is S   <   S c i where S c i is the critical values of S . Critical values have been obtained in the presence of dual solutions and the stability analysis is carried out to identify more stable solutions. Variations of numerous parameters have been also examined by giving tables and graphs. The numerical values have been obtained for the skin friction and local Nusselt number and presented graphically. Further, it is observed that the temperature and thickness of the thermal boundary layer increase when thermal radiation parameter is increased in both solutions. In addition, it is also noticed that the fluid velocity increases in the case of strong magnetic field effect in the second solution.
The LCOE-Indicator-Based Comprehensive Economic Comparison between AC and DC Power Distribution Networks with High Penetration of Renewable Energy
Authors: Liu Yi , Yu Zhanqing , Li Haibo , Zeng Rong
Published: December 2019

DC distribution networks are operationally economical from the perspective of renewable energy penetration due to the reduction of power loss from the simplified power conversion structure. However, the initial investment cost of a DC network is high because DC technology is in the early stage of development. So, selecting AC or DC technology becomes an important issue in the planning stage of a distribution network, where a comprehensive quantitative economic comparison between AC and DC distribution networks is necessary. To compare the economy between AC and DC distribution networks with high penetration of a renewable energy scenario, this paper introduces a comprehensive economic evaluation method. In this study, first, typical system models for AC and DC distribution networks were proposed as the foundation of the research. Then, a levelized cost of energy (LCOE)-indicator-based comprehensive economic evaluation model was established, where the operation cost was classified into power loss cost, reliability loss cost, and operational cost. A time sequential simulation model was applied to calculate the power loss. The simulation results showed that a DC distribution network has higher initial investment, operation, and maintenance costs than an AC distribution network, but the loss cost is far lower than an AC distribution network. A sensitivity analysis showed that the equipment cost and proportion of renewable energy are two of the most important factors that affect the economics of DC distribution networks at present.
Correlating Noble Rot Infection of Garganega Withered Grapes with Key Molecules and Odorants of Botrytized Passito Wine
Authors: Simonato Barbara , Lorenzini Marilinda , Cipriani Michela , Finato Fabio , Zapparoli Giacomo
Published: December 2019

Experimental passito wines with different percentages of naturally noble-rotten grapes of the Garganega variety were analyzed to evaluate key molecules and odorants related to the typical aroma and sensory profile of botrytized passito wine. Remarkable changes in the concentration of 1-octen-3-ol, 4-terpineol, benzaldehyde, N-(3-methylbutyl)acetamide, and sherry lactone 1 and 2 were observed between sound and noble-rotten wines. Wines were perceived to be different for floral, honey, figs, apricot, and caramel scents. By partial least square regression these descriptors were well correlated to samples. An important positive contribution of sherry lactones, N-(3-methylbutyl)acetamide, vanillin, benzaldehyde, and γ-butyrolactone to honey, apricot, and caramel was observed. It is conceivable that oxidative effects of Botrytis cinerea infection play an important role in the genesis of these chemical and sensory aroma markers. This study provides a predictive tool for winemakers that use natural grape withering to produce wines whose aroma profile is not standardized due to the seasonal variation of noble rot incidence.
Psychometric Characteristics of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale in the Context of Physical Activity in Nature
Authors: Fuentesal-García Julio , Baena-Extremera Antonio , Sáez-Padilla Jesús
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale applied to different contexts for initial or original use, such as in the context of physical activity in nature. In order to do this, we carried out a study at some primary and secondary schools located in western Andalucía (Spain), with students aged 9–12 years old (M = 11.22; SD = 1.07). Therefore, a sample of 206 students in Study 1 (98 boys = 47.8%; 107 girls = 52.2%) and 455 students in Study 2 (228 boys = 50.1% 227 girls = 49.9%) was used. The students of the two groups that belong to the study created a program related to Physical Activity in Nature. Descriptive, exploratory, and confirmatory analyses were conducted. We also analyzed several other factors, such as internal consistency, composite reliability, average extracted variance, and convergent validity. Afterward, differences according to gender and school year were also studied. The data showed the need to eliminate many of the items from the original scale, giving, as a result, a model of six items that satisfactorily fit into the confirmatory analysis for the use of physical activity in nature. The ANOVA statistical test, used to analyze sex and school year, did not show any tangible differences between the target groups. Thanks to its application, we note that the PACES instrument cannot be applied as-is; some items must be removed or modified. Therefore, we must obtain a new, more specific instrument for these types of incipient practices undertaken in natural environments.
Personality and Behavioral Predictors of Cyclist Involvement in Crash-Related Conditions
Authors: Zheng Yubing , Ma Yang , Li Nan , Cheng Jianchuan
Published: December 2019

In recent years, the increasing rate of road crashes involving cyclists with a disproportionate overrepresentation in injury statistics has become a major concern in road safety and public health. However, much remains unknown about factors contributing to cyclists’ high crash rates, especially those related to personal characteristics. This study aims to explore the influence of cyclist personality traits and cycling behaviors on their road safety outcomes using a mediated model combining these constructs. A total of 628 cyclists completed an online questionnaire consisting of questions related to cycling anger, impulsiveness, normlessness, sensation seeking, risky cycling behaviors, and involvement in crash-related conditions in the past year. After the psychometric properties of the employed scales were examined, the relationships among the tested constructs were investigated using structural equation modeling. The results showed that cyclists’ crash risks were directly predicted by risky cycling behaviors and cycling anger, and the effects of cycling anger, impulsiveness, as well as normlessness on crash risks, were mediated by cycling behaviors. The current findings provide insight into the importance of personality traits in impacting cycling safety and could facilitate the development of evidence-based prevention and promotion strategies targeting cyclists in China.
Research and Technological Advances Regarding the Study of the Spread of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes and Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria Related to Animal Husbandry
Authors: Li Na , Liu Chong , Zhang Zhiguo , Li Hongna , Song Tingting , Liang Ting , Li Binxu , Li Luyao , Feng Shuo , Su Qianqian , Ye Jing , Zhu Changxiong
Published: December 2019

The extensive use of antimicrobials in animal farms poses serious safety hazards to both the environment and public health, and this trend is likely to continue. Antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) are a class of emerging pollutants that are difficult to remove once introduced. Understanding the environmental transfer of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB) and ARGs is pivotal for creating control measures. In this review, we summarize the research progress on the spread and detection of ARB and ARG pollution related to animal husbandry. Molecular methods such as high-throughput sequencing have greatly enriched the information about ARB communities. However, it remains challenging to delineate mechanisms regarding ARG induction, transmission, and tempo-spatial changes in the whole process, from animal husbandry to multiple ecosystems. As a result, future research should be more focused on the mechanisms of ARG induction, transmission, and control. We also expect that future research will rely more heavily on metagenomic -analysis, metatranscriptomic sequencing, and multi-omics technologies
Knowledge about the Care of People with Alzheimer’s Disease of the Nursing Staff of Nursing Homes in Spain
Authors: Parra-Anguita Laura , García-Fernández Francisco P. , del-Pino-Casado Rafael , Pancorbo-Hidalgo Pedro L.
Published: December 2019

People with Alzheimer’s disease often live in nursing homes. Updated knowledge among the nursing staff has led to better quality of care. The aim of this study was to measure the knowledge about the care of people with Alzheimer’s disease of the nursing staff of nursing homes in Spain. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 24 nursing homes in the province of Jaén (Spain) with a sample of 361 members of staff, i.e., registered nurses (RNs), assistant nurses (ANs), and eldercare workers (EWs). The University of Jaén UJA-Alzheimer’s Care Scale was used to measure the knowledge. The knowledge was higher among the RNs (83.3% of the maximum) than among the ANs and EWs (71.6%). Work experience and updated training were associated with the knowledge score in RNs, but only the updated training in ANs and EWs. Nursing homes with less experienced nursing staff and with a small proportion of staff receiving training on dementia have a low knowledge score. The nursing staff of nursing homes in Jaén have medium to high knowledge about Alzheimer’s care. There is a wide range of variation in the knowledge score among the nursing homes. Up-to-date staff training in dementia care is the factor with the strongest association with knowledge.
Interactive Improvements of Visual and Auditory Function for Enhancing Performance in Youth Soccer Players
Authors: Song Young Hoon , Ha Soo-Min , Yook Jang Soo , Ha Min-Seong
Published: December 2019

We analyzed the effects of a regular training program on the health- and skill-related physical fitness (PF) of talented soccer players aged < 12 years; visual reaction time (VRT) and auditory reaction time (ART) were also assessed. In this single-group interventional study, 78 talented male youth soccer players (mean age, 9.54 years) were critically selected by the Korean Educational Development Institute and underwent a 22-week training program consisting of 16 weeks of PF and basic skill training (90 min/week) and 6 weeks of intensive training (3, 150-min sessions/week). We assessed the pre- and post-training body composition, cardiovascular endurance, muscle strength and endurance, and flexibility. We also measured power, agility, coordination and speed, passing ability, VRT, and ART. All variables improved after training. Post-training VRT correlated with ART, muscle mass, power, cardiovascular endurance, 10-m dribble time, 10-m ball touch count, and 10-m successful pass count. ART only correlated with muscle mass. ART and 10-m ball-touch count influenced VRT, and VRT influenced ART. In conclusion, the training program enhanced the PF and visual- and auditory-related reactions in talented youth soccer players. This study suggests the importance of the assessed relationships, indicating that a training program that improves these parameters enhances the players’ performance.