bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Two Stay Two Stray Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Administrasi Umum di SMK Ketintang Surabaya
Authors: Putri Adisty Dwi , Puspasari Durinda
Published: July 2022

Researchers have a goal in research that is to determine the application of the two stay two stray learning model on student learning outcomes in general administration subjects at SMK Ketintang Surabaya and to determine the effect of the two stay two stray learning model on student learning outcomes in general administration subjects in SMK Ketintang Surabaya. This study uses an experimental research type with an experimental design quaisi in the form of nonequivalent group pretest posttest design. The population in this study used class X OTKP 1, OTKP 2, and OTKP 3 with a total number of 95 students and the sample used was class X OTKP 2 with a total of 30 students as a control class and class X OTKP 3 with a total of 30 students as an experimental class. This study uses data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, tests, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses validity test, reliability test, difficulty level test, differentiation test, homogeneity test, normality test, t test and gaincore. The results of this study showed the average pretest score in the control class was 55, while the experimental class was 58.12. Then the average posttest in the control class was 70.33, while the experimental class was 83.17. Based on the of the t-test result about the posttest score that has been done by researchers that counted 5.693 with a significance level of 0.000. While the ttable can be searched using the ttable distribution with a confidence level of 95% (Î± = 5%, because the t test is two-sided) with a degree of df 58, so it is known that the ttable is 2.001. Then it can be concluded that tcount (5,693)> ttable (2,001). So it can be concluded that Ha is accepted or there is an influence of two-stay-two-stray learning model on student learning outcomes in general administration subjects at SMK Ketintang Surabaya.
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Mata Pelajaran Otomatisasi Tata Kelola Humas dan Keprotokola di SMK Negeri Mojoagung
Authors: Rizal Achmad Nur , Wulandari Siti Sri
Published: July 2022

This study aims to produce a valid and reliable HOTS-based assessment instrument, and describe the quality of the HOTS test questions to measure high-level thinking skills in high school class XI students. problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design revisions, product trials, product revisions, trial usage, product revisions, and mass products. The results showed that the HOTS-based assessment instrument in the form of HOTS test questions consisting of 20 multiple choice questions and 5 item description items from the aspects of material, evaluation, and language were declared valid and feasible to use. Multiple choice questions have an average level of difficulty with moderate criteria, the average differentiation of questions has a very good average, the validity of the items declared valid is as many as 20 multiple choice questions, the reliability coefficient is 0.820 with very high categories, and not all the trickster is functioning properly.
Pengelolaan Sistem Kerasipan Elektronik Sebagai Determinan Produktivitas Kerja Pegawai di Kecamatan Solokuro Kabupaten Lamongan
Authors: Almahdi Galuh Faruk Shopi , Pahlevi Triesninda
Published: July 2022

Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine (1) describe the management of electronic filing system in the Solokuro sub-district, (2) find out how productivite the employees are with the electronic-based filing program in the Solokuro sub-district. This type of research conducted by the author is a type of descriptive research with a quantitative approach. With the subject of research Solokuro District employees. Data collecction techniques with interviews and questionnaries. The results of the study indicate that with an electronic filing system can store documents more safely and reduce damage or authenticity of the archives and employees in finding documents that have been archived easier and faster, and employees are enthusiastic about the electronic filing program to be easier in do the archiving activity.
Pengembangan Media Pebelajaran Audio Visual Berbantuan Adobe Flash dan Android Pada Kompetensi Dasar Mengelola Arsip Elektronik untuk Kelas X OTKP1 SMK Negeri 2 Blitar
Authors: Musthofa Ahmad Jauhari , Nugraha Jaka
Published: July 2022

This development research aims to describe the process of developing Audio Visual learning media assisted by Adobe Flash and Android in Basic Competence in Managing Electronic Archives for Class X OTKP 1 SMK NEGERI 2 Blitar, analyzing the feasibility of developed learning media and analyzing students' responses to learning media that have been developed. This research uses research and development methods and uses the 4-D development model. The sample used for the limited trial was 20 students in class X OTKP 1 SMK NEGERI 2 Blitar. The data collection instruments used material expert validation sheets, media expert validation sheets and student response sheets. All validation sheets and student response sheets use a Likert scale. The product produced in this research development is in the form of android based audio visual learning media which contains material, voice narration, multiple choice questions with automatic assessment, and practical assignments to store records electronically in accordance with the basic competencies in managing electronic records. The results of the assessment by material validation experts were 86% with "very proper" interpretations, and media experts by 81% with "very decent" interpretations. assessment obtained from trials is limited to students by 85% with the interpretation "very feasible". These results indicate that the audio visual learning media assisted by Adobe Flash and Android on the basic competence of Managing Electronic Archives is declared suitable for use in the learning process in class X OTKP 1 SMK NEGERI 2 Blitar.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran SAVI (Somatic, Auditory, Visual, Intelectual) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Korespondensi di SMK Negeri 10 Surabaya
Authors: Nadhiah Putri Rikhmah , Wulandari Siti Sri
Published: July 2022

This study aims to know the difference from application of conventional method oral models that compared to Somatic, Auditory, Visual, dan Intellectual (SAVI) models in basic competiences learning about office communication of Grade X OTKP SMKN 10 Surabaya students. This kind of study is quasi experimental design with non-equivalent control group design.. The sample that used are students of class X OTKP 3 as a control class and class X OTKP 4 as an experimental class. Result of the analysist, found significant difference from experimental class study result where have 28,06 (gain score) that obtained from 78,06 (mean of postest) that reduced by 50 (mean of pretest). While for control class have 20,42 (gain score) that obtained from 58,18 (mean of postest) reduced by 47,78 (mean of pretest).  Then, based on the t-test on the psychomotor values of students, it was obtained that tcount was 4,498 with a significance level of 00 (0.00) and a confidence level of 95% Î± = 0.05 with df = N-2 = 70, then a ttable = 1.994 was obtained. It can be concluded from the results of the t-test that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. Thus it was concluded that the difference after being applied Somatic, Auditory, Visual, and Intellectual (SAVI) was an increase in students results and speaking skills of class X OTKP students on the basic competiences learning about office communication
Perancangan Buku Ajar Berbasis Saintifik Pada Mata Pelajaran Teknologi Perkantoran di SMK Ketintang Surabaya
Authors: Nurulloh Nurulloh , Puspasari Durinda
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this researh is to determine the results of the development of scientific-based textbooks at office technology subjects at SMK Ketintang Surabaya. The office technology teacher at Ketintang Vocational School in Surabaya stated that teaching materials in the form of textbooks did not exist before. This whole time, the teacher uses LKS and materials found from the internet for the learning activities. However, the LKS used is not in accordance with the syllabus in the revised edition of the 2013 curriculum which emphasizes on the scientific learning (5M). This definitely does not reflect the characteristics of learning that should be student-centered. The type of research used is Research and Development (R&D) with the 4D development model developed by Thiagarajan, namely defining, designing, developing, and disseminating. However, this research was only carried out until the design stage only due to the limitations in this study. The results of this research are analyzing the textbooks that will be developed which begin with the define stage which includes the preliminary analysis, analysis of students, task analysis, concept analysis, and specifications of learning objectives. Next step is the design phase which includes the preparation of the textbook, the selection of the textbook format, and the design of the textbook itself. Therefore, it is expected that the development of scientific-based textbooks in office technology subjects at SMK Ketintang Suarabaya can help the teachers to deliver the learning materials and can facilitate students in understanding those materials in office technology subjects.
Prototype Pengembangan Buku Ajar Berbasis Mobile Learning pada Materi Menerapkan Pengelolaan Informasi Melalui Web Log (Blog) Kelas X OTKP SMK PGRI 13 Surabaya
Authors: Iba'd Rizal Amirul , Pahlevi Triesninda
Published: July 2022

The learning process requires teaching materials that can support learning in the classroom, be it modules or interactive teaching materials. Interactive teaching materials can use gadgets as a medium to support the learning process. Based on observations at SMK PGRI 13 Surabaya, the teacher only has a book handle and teaches with brwosing. This makes students passive in learning activities and can bring up lessons about the sophistication of various gadgets. Textbook base mobile learning are an effort to optimize the use of student smartphones so students become more independent and do not miss lessons. In this study using the ADDIE development model which has 5 stages, namely analysis; design; development; implementation; evaluation. The purpose of this study was to determine the development, and feasibility textbook base mobile learning. Based on the validation assessment, obtained 89.5% material validation experts which is the average of the number of validation assessments from the Office Administration Education Lecturer, Surabaya State University, and Surabaya PGRI 13 SMK teachers and 91.6% media validation from Curriculum and Education Technology Lecturers, Surabaya State University. This shows the media developed by researchers is categori as very feasible and can use in learning process.
Pengaruh Motivasi dan Kinerja Pegawai Terhadap Kualitas Pelayanan Publik di Kantor Kecamatan Buduran Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Mulasari Hesty , Suratman Bambang
Published: July 2022

The study explain the relationship between motivation and employee performance has a positive impact on the quality of public services in the District Office of Buduran in Sidoarjo. The study intends to see the influence of employee motivation and performance positively and significantly on the quality of public services in the District Office of Buduran in Sidoarjo.The focus in this research of the problem in this study is how the influence of employee motivation and performance on the quality of public services in the  District Office of Buduran in Sidoarjo. While the research hypothesis of this study is that motivation and performance have a positive and significant influence on the District Office of Buduran of Sidoarjo.The theory used in this research is theory of excellent service, as it relates to quality of service and the satisfaction of the community. Type of this research is quantitative descriptive. Collection of data used technique of questionnaire. The respondents in this study as much as 397 respondents has criteria age 17 and over, and never doing service at the District Office of Buduran of Sidoarjo. Sampling method used proportional random sampling. To test hypothesis used multiple linear regression with the application software Special Package of Statistical Science (SPSS) 22.0.The observation results state that the effect of motivation on the quality of public services is 55,5% so there is a positive and significant relationship between motivation on the quality of public services in the District Office of Buduran of Sidoarjo. The effect of employee performance on the quality of public services is 52,9%, so there is a positive and significant relationship between the performance of employee on the quality of public service in the District Office of Buduran of Sidoarjo. While the relationship of motivation and performance of employee to the quality of public services is 39,8% and the remaining 60,2% is influence by other variables unknown in this study, so there is a positive and significant relationship between motivation and performance of employee to the quality of public services in District Office of Buduran of Sidoarjo.
Analisis Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Examples Non Examples Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Kompetensi Dasar Tata Ruang Kantor (Studi Pada Siswa Kelas X OTKP SMK Pawiyatan Surabaya)
Authors: Kurniawati Nia , Trisnawati Novi
Published: July 2022

The purpose of writing this article is to describe the effect of the Example Non Examples learning model on student learning outcomes on the basic competency of office layout in class X OTKP SMK Pawiyatan Surabaya. The research sample of Class X OTKP 3 (experimental class) with Example Non Example method and Class X OTKP 2 (control class) is subject to conventional learning models, with the number of students in each class of 30 students. This type of research is a literature study. The results showed that the office spatial learning materials have used learning models that prioritize group learning activities to study the material. Examples of learning are not examples that can make students become more understanding of the material being studied than students who successfully analyze the images presented. In addition, non-example model examples can make students find themselves understanding the results of the analysis conducted, make the classroom learning process in which students become active participants rather than passive observers, and are responsible for their learning. based on the research that has been done, the suggestion that can be conveyed is to use the Cooperative learning model Project Based Learning type is expected to provide one of the variations of learning models on the basic competencies of office layout.
建筑设计中结构基础不均匀沉降的治理应用
Authors: 杰 朱
Published: July 2022

地基基础属于隐蔽工程，如果出现不均匀沉降，会严重危害到建筑结构，需要建筑单位加强重视。因此，需要分析不均匀沉降的发生原因，并针对原因制定对应的治理措施，以保证建筑在使用期间足够安全。论文主要研究了建筑设计中结构基础不均匀沉降的治理对策，希望可以提供有用的建议。
钢管混凝土柱变截面折线形牛腿钢筋连接施工探究
Authors: 铁军 丁
Published: July 2022

论文运用钢管混凝土柱变截面折线形牛腿钢筋连接施工技术，解决了RC梁与钢管混凝土柱梁柱节点处钢筋施工、混凝土浇筑的质量保障问题。折线形钢牛腿可使梁纵筋分层焊接于钢牛腿翼缘板面上，让梁筋有足够的焊接操作空间，和良好焊接操作环境，给钢筋锚固质量创造了良好的外在环境条件。钢牛腿变截面翼缘板设计可使节点处混凝土粗骨料易于下落及振捣，使混凝土浇筑质量密实可靠，最主要是混凝土通过牛腿下翼板底的距离变短，减少牛腿地面混凝土蜂窝麻面和不密实。因为钢筋焊全为平焊，节省工时；浇筑混凝土密实，表观质量好，避免返修。
探索城市轨道交通机电工程施工难点与对策
Authors: 利福 孙
Published: July 2022

自中国引进城市轨道运输以来，其发展速度一直很快，论文通过对其在建设中的一些体会加以归纳和剖析，着重阐述了中国现行的建设项目建设与管理。论文结合中国轨道交通机械设备的标准化施工技术，简要阐述了标准化的技术措施，针对标准化的技术在城市轨道交通机电设备的安装中发挥的作用进行了论述，并就规范化施工工艺在城市轨道交通机电装置的应用进行讨论，以供参考。
绿色建筑理念在装配式住宅建筑设计中的运用
Authors: 先国 胡
Published: July 2022

绿色发展是中国“十三五规划”确定的社会经济发展重要理念，发展绿色建筑和提升建筑绿色是建筑行业的趋势。装配式建筑具有“四节能、一环保”等特点，是绿色建筑的主体，在当前背景下发展装配式建筑势在必行。论文主要运用文献法、调查法对绿色建筑理念在装配式住宅建筑设计中的应用展开分析探究，以供借鉴参考。
超长结构大体积混凝土施工关键技术
Authors: 喜忠 宋
Published: July 2022

在社会经济建设和文化建设飞速发展、人民生活不断改善的今天，为了满足人民生活和工作环境的需要，超长混凝土结构以其独特的优点获得了广泛应用。论文以丰台站改建工程筏板及条形基础施工技术为例，介绍大体积混凝土无缝施工原理、原材料、配合比、膨胀加强带，以及跳仓法等技术的应用，为后续类似工程施工（监理）提供借鉴。
路桥工程中软土地基的处理技术研究
Authors: 彬 柏
Published: July 2022

软土地基由于其特殊的性质以及不稳定性，所以在路桥工程中造成的危害很大，在实际施工过程中要对软土地基的处理技术加以重视。论文通过对软土地基的特性进行论述，并对其实际施工过程中存在的技术以及需要重点关注的事项进行阐述，来为软土地基处理方法的应用提供一定的理论借鉴。
略谈建筑工程中的防水防渗施工技术
Authors: 宾好 于
Published: July 2022

建筑工程的质量关系到后续的使用安全，因此人们越来越关注建筑工程质量问题。工程的渗水漏水问题会直接影响到质量，因此建筑工程企业高度关注防水防渗技术的应用。合理应用该项技术加强施工管理，提高工程的建设质量，避免出现渗漏等一系列问题保障人们的生活安全。因此，在论文的研究工作中主要分析建筑工程中出现的渗漏部位和主要因素，提出几点防水防渗施工技术的应用措施，以期为建筑工程提供一定的参考。
基于低碳理念的住宅建筑方案设计措施研究
Authors: 磊 陈
Published: July 2022

在国家“双碳”战略下，城市碳中和五大模块中建筑占据重要比重，建筑工程作为规模较大的工程设施，从前期设计，到过程中材料应用，到后期使用，都需要消耗大量的人力、材料以及成本，并且产生大量的碳排放。因此，建筑企业在进行住宅设计时如何将低碳绿色设计理念、创新技术运用到匹配高品质的住宅建筑中是所有建筑设计面临的重要课题，所以论文就从低碳、绿色理念入手，浅谈住宅建筑方案设计措施的研究。
实现低碳化智能建筑的技术体系和目标化管理研究
Authors: 荣强 赵
Published: July 2022

低碳化智能建筑是社会与建筑产业发展的必然产物，能够使人们日益增长的生活需求得到有效满足，低碳化智能建筑不但能够为人们提供舒适、智能、便利的工作生活环境，还能实现低碳环保的目标，促进建筑行业可持续发展。基于此，本文首先分析低碳化智能建筑的技术体系，然后分析低碳化智能建筑的目标化管理，最后探讨一些建设低碳化智能建筑应注意的问题，希望能使相关人员受到一定启发，促进低碳化智能建筑更好、更快发展。
Educational Game Design for Introduction to Immune Systems in Biology Learning at High School
Authors: Ekaputra Kresna Septyana , Yuniarti Rezki , Komarudin Agus
Published: July 2022

Education is an important for students. Based on the recapitulation of the senior high school exam by Ministry of Education and Culture (KEMENDIKBUD), the average exam results for biology in 2017  below graduation level and the value is 45.01. This is because of limited class hours. For this reason, new media is needed to help students deepen the lesson, in this case the media is game. Educational game is one of the media that can be used to provide education to players through interactive media. In its making, this game uses the MDA framework, which is to analyze game design by breaking it into three components, mechanical, dynamic and aesthetic. In previous paper, MDA was used to create educational games in the form of semaphore movements on kinect. So this study made an immune system educational game design with the result that MDA can be applied into the education game Sel Imun as needed based on a post-test conducted on 30 respondents in the category of gamers, non-gamers, non-gamers, and non-gamers non-gamer students with the result that each MDA component can be applied to the Sel Imun game that is obtained from testing the suitability of the game's final result with the pre-designed questionnaire with 82.69% result or into the suitable category.

Keywords–– Educational Games, Learning, National Exam, Immune System, MDA.
Sistem Pakar Penyakit Kulit Pada Manusia Menggunakan Metode Case Base Reasoning (CBR) Dengan Algoritma Sorensen Coefficient
Authors: - Asdar - , Saputra Rizal Adi , Ningrum Ika Purwanti
Published: July 2022

The problem that often occurs community in health world is availability experts who have certain knowledge, such as skin specialists, who are not easily obtained have limited time, are constrained lack funds for people who want seek treatment or meet with experts. Therefore necessary build system that can help patients and doctors able ease their work. System is expert system, expert system is system that is able imitate the reasoning of expert into computer so that can solve problems is usually done by experts. This study uses the case base reasoning method for reasoning method and uses the Sorensen coefficient algorithm find the value of the proximity of new cases old cases of skin diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, parasites, allergies and burns with 130 cases which divided into 104 cases training data and 26 cases test data. Based on the test results, this system has the highest accuracy rate of 100% and the lowest is 83.33%.
Temas de Investigación Social en México, 2014. Tomo III Educación, Movimientos Sociales y Sociedad
Authors: Reyna Bernal Angélica E. , Ortiz Lazcano Asael , Vázquez Sandrín Germán , Serrano Avilés Tomás , Quezada Ramírez María Félix
Published: July 2022

La obra Temas de investigación social en México, 2014 se propone difundir, a través de sus cinco volúmenes, el conocimiento obtenido de la reciente investigación social, tocante a las grandes preocupaciones sociales y en particular a la temática de las poblaciones indígenas de México, con base en textos académicos breves y accesibles.
A gumpendorfi katonaorvosi akadémia (1781–1784)
Authors: Pogányné Rózsa Gabriella
Published: July 2022

A modern értelemben vett magyarországi katona-egészségügyi intézményrendszer megteremtője II. József volt. Koncepciójának egyik fontos eleme a megfelelő szintű, sebészi és orvosi tematikájú katonaorvosképzés megszervezése volt. Az 1781 és 1784 között Gumpendorfban működő katonaorvosi iskola az 1785-ben megnyitott Josephinum (Iosephinische Medico-Chirurgische Militärakademie) jogelődje, amely azonban már egy elfeledett momentuma a katonaorvosi művelődéstörténetnek.
Traditional Impacities in The Frame of Worship: A Study of Fidyah Semyang Ritual in Suka Datang Village, North Curup Sub-District
Authors: Shesa Laras , Oktori Riyan Agus , Isnaini Isnaini
Published: July 2022

The tradition of paying fidyah with gold for people who have passed away in Suka Datang Village, Curup Utara District, Rejang Lebong Regency, or what the people there call Fidyah Semyang, is the subject of discussion for this study. The purpose of this study is to deeply examine the implementation and mechanisms of the performance of the payment of fidyah and to investigate the views of Islamic law on the practice of fidyah that applies in society. This research is a type of Field Research with a qualitative approach using phenomenology, ethnography, and a case study. The data sources in the study are divided into two types: field data as primary and library data as secondary data sources. From the implementation of the tradition of Fidyah Semyang, there was some equipment to carry out ritual activities in the form of gold, money, and fragrance. Therefore, from the side of Islamic law, the practice is obligatory if there is a will from the deceased, but if the dead does not make a will, then the law is sunnah. If it is viewed from the theory of ‘Urf, the tradition of Fidyah semyang is included in the realm of Al-‘urf Al-Fasid (broken rule). Then, if it is viewed from the practical point of view, the recipients of fidyah should also be poor and needy to be replaced by religious scholars who can be said to be adequate
The Prophet's Household Problems and The Solving Method in Hadith
Authors: Putra Alven
Published: July 2022

The household of the Prophet is an example that needs to be imitated by every Moslem; how he always tried to be just and wise as a husband in dealing with daily domestic problems. This paper aims to look at the household problems faced by the Prophet Muhammad SAW and his method in solving these problems, by referring to the traditions of the Prophet SAW (hadith). This research is a descriptive-qualitative with reference to library resources, both in the form of the Prophet's sirah and hadiths, taken from primary hadith compilation, books, scientific journals and other relevant library sources. Domestic turmoil is common in every household, even with the Messenger of God, starting from the jealousy between wives, the prosecution of material rights, to the accusations of adultery that befell Sayyidah 'Aisyah and Mariah Al-Qibtiyyah. As any other husband, there were so many household problems faced by the Prophet, yet he managed to find the best solution based on the conditions and situations. To resolve these problems, the Prophet confronted them with the method of smiling, teasing, reminding, and being patient, but also firm and did not hesitate to separate his wife for a while.
Contemporary Islamic Political Dynamics Arabic Republic of Egypt
Authors: Hakim Luqman Al , Hilmi Moh Abdulloh
Published: July 2022

This article aims to describe the dynamics and contestation of Egyptian Islamic politics. The Islamic political movement carried out by a group of people in Egypt has changed the streets of existing democracy with the emergence of coups and assassinations that occurred in the Anwar Sadat era. It was a form of turmoil that occurred. This condition continued until the emergence of the Arab Spring in 2011. From all the dimensions that exist in Egypt, the root of all the turmoil is the unresolved religious and political problems that have made Egypt transform into a stagnant country until now. This study also shows that there is a transformation of Egyptian radicalism that has penetrated in all lines which hinders the progress of Egyptian democracy in which the mosques and campuses are used as the basis of radicalism so that they can influence the public's interest. This research is also supported by literature sources from books, journals, and comprehensive research. As for the results obtained from this article, namely the emergence of identity politics that occurred in Egypt due to the emergence of radical Islam, which had a major influence on Egyptian society, then the emergence of an authoritarian military system gave dissatisfaction to the Egyptian people in living as a state, resulting in destabilization between the democratic system and society globally
Supervision System in The Effectiveness of Zakat Utilization in Baznas of Bengkulu Province
Authors: Toni Hariya , Rolando Dede Mercy , Yazid Yasril , Rafdeadi Rafdeadi
Published: July 2022

This study aims to examine the supervisory system of BAZNAS of Bengkulu Province in the empowerment of zakat with the aim to alleviate poverty. The research method used in this research is a qualitative approach with a phenomenological paradigm to build the reality of ideas. The data collection methods used were observation, interviews, and documentation which were then analyzed by using the Miles & Huberman interactive model, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing or verification. The results obtained show that the National Amil Zakat Agency (BAZNAS) of Bengkulu Province community empowerment was carried out in the form of direct and indirect supervision by BAZNAS of Bengkulu Province. The form of direct supervision was a form of preventive supervision (Concurrent Control) and initial supervision (Feed Forward Control), while the form of indirect supervision was feedback control in which this supervision was used to measure the results of an activity that had been carried out. The two forms of supervision were the types of internal control carried out by directly related parties and the type of preventive and repressive supervision to avoid deviations in the implementation of zakat empowerment activities. However, the supervision of BAZNAS of Bengkulu Province community empowerment needs to apply more detailed and clear indicators of empowerment success for each community empowerment program. In addition, BAZNAS needs to make a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for the implementation of the empowerment program by not only showing it but also implementing coaching and mentoring to a clear stage of achieving independence
Hepatoprotective Activity of Propolis Trigona spp., Hibiscus sabdariffa, and Myrmeleon sp. in Rats Induced by Paracetamol
Authors: Hasan Akhmad Endang Zainal , Setiyono Agus , Afrian Miko
Published: July 2022

Negative effects on health will occur in excessive use of paracetamol. The main objective of this study was to determine the hepatoprotective activity of Propolis Trigona spp., Hibiscus sabdariffa, and Myrmeleon sp. in rats induced by paracetamol. The study was conducted on 36 Sprague Dawley rats with 6 rats in each group. Group 1 (normal control), group 2 (positive control, temulawak 42.86 mg/kg BW), group 3 (negative control), group 4 (infusion of Myrmeleon 10 mg/kg BW), group 5 (propolis extract 0.02 ml/kg BW), and group 6 (Hibiscus sabdariffa infusion 0.02 ml/kg BW). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations were determined spectrophotometrically and microscopically for liver histopathology. The results showed that during three weeks of treatment with Propolis Trigona spp., Hibiscus sabdariffa, and Myrmeleon sp. in rats, this treatment could decrease ALT and AST activity as the positive control. The ALT activity values ​​of the three materials were 69.26, 51.00, 51.00, 43.67, U/I with AST values ​​of 110.29, 97.33, 91.00, 91.33 U/I. Based on Duncan's test, there were significant differences between all treatments with negative and positive control groups. Likewise, with the histopathological scoring results, the negative control was found to be significantly different from all treatments. Therefore, treatment with propolis Trigona spp., Hibiscus sabdariffa, and Myrmeleon sp. may have hepatoprotective benefit.
Addiction and leadership: How authentic and transformative leaders are emerging from the adversity of substance use disorder
Authors: Jason Roop, Ph.D
Published: July 2022

Objectives: This novel study explores the leadership traits held by people with substance use disorder. The purpose of this study is to help advance understanding of the positive qualities people with substance use disorder possess which can produce positive societal and organizational benefits once that person enters recovery. Additionally, this understanding can provide insight into effective treatment approaches that incorporate personal attributes that are present within active addiction. Methods: A qualitative methodology was used which included semi-structured interviews, observations, and a focus group which allowed the researcher to conduct a thematic coding analysis. The participants came from diverse backgrounds and included participants from multiple regions across the United States. Leadership was defined as having various dimensions of effective leadership that are found in both Transformational and Authentic Leadership Theories. Results: The findings revealed that people in addiction possess numerous leadership traits which position them for effective leadership and are further enhanced during their recovery journey. The top three traits which emerged from the data indicate that people in recovery from addiction are authentic, tenacious, and empathetic. Additionally, those in recovery have strong abilities to empower and inspire others and demonstrate posttraumatic growth which helps establish significant bonds of trust and commitment among followers. Conclusion: The impact of this study will change how people view addiction. Identifying the hidden treasures of leadership which are present in those struggling with addiction could illuminate recovery pathways that help identify purpose and value. This would not only advance treatment opportunities but greatly assist organizations that need strong leadership. People with substance use disorder have all the right tools to become effective leaders, and this understanding can help mitigate the stigma associated with addiction and paint it in a more positive light.
Simulation and Evaluation of a Variable Effective Focal Length of Refractive Binocular Telescope
Authors: K. Shwayyea Alaa , Hasan Alaa badr
Published: July 2022

The telescope works to magnify images of distant objects in general, but it needs special optical elements to complete the task to the fullest. The telescope needs optimal balance values of the optical parameters used to produce the best image, such as the effective focal length and the diameter of the pupil aperture, which are combined in a single concept called the focal number. The ground-based binary telescope relies on special lenses and an exceptional prism to achieve a hybrid design that produces clear images of relatively distant terrestrial objects. The pupil diameter of the telescope is relatively large to ensure that the largest possible amount of light is received, and as a result, a good image is obtained.

In this work, an achromatic objective lens and a Porro prism has been used to reduce the length of the telescope and change the path of the rays to the eyepiece, in addition to the presence of a flat convex lens behind the prism to collect the rays coming from it to reach the eyepiece. The effective focal length of the optical system was changed to illustrate the effect of this factor on the performance of a telescope and as a result of its effect on the image quality.
EDUKASI PEMBUATAN BIO HAND SANITIZER NANOPOLIMER INFUSA BERBAHAN PIPER BETLE UNTUK MENCEGAH PENYEBARAN COVID-19
Authors: Muliaman Agus , Zahara Syarifah Rita , Fitriani Henni
Published: July 2022

Kesehatan adalah salah satu faktor yang sangat berharga didalam hidup. Mulai tahun 2019 dunia dikejutkan dengan suatu permasahan dalam bidang kesehatan yaitu virus COVID-19. Pada pertengahan tahun 2020 pemerintah menerapkan kebijakan New Normal dengan tetap menerapkan protokol kesehatan. Berdasarkan hasil survei dan wawancara dengan Perwakilan Dayah Terpadu Al-Madinatuddiniyah Syamsuddhuha, kami mendapatkan informasi bahwa dayah ini telah menerapkan kebijakan new normal sehingga kegiatan pembelajaran dilakukan di dayah. Melalui analisis kebutuhan didapat beberapa masalah yaitu : 1) Kurangnya sumber daya dalam hal penyediaan hand sanitizer di Dayah Terpadu Al-Madinatuddiniyah Syamsuddhuha, 2)Minimnya pengetahuan mengenai konsep virus covid 19 dan cara penyegahan yang tepat, 3) Minimnya keterampilan dalam pembuatan hand sanitizer yang murah, praktis dan ramah lingkungan. Berdasarkan analisis sebelumnya maka tujuan pengabdian ini ialah : 1) Membuat hand sanitizer alami berbahan Piper Betle yang aman, praktis, ekonomis dan ramah lingkungan 2) Meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan siswa dalam membuat hand sanitizer alami.   Untuk mengatasi masalah ini dibutuhkan solusi dengan memberikan pelatihan berupa edukasi pembuatan Bio Hands Sanitizer Nanopolimer Infusa Berbahan Piper Betle Untuk Mencegah penyebaran Covid-19. Bio Hands Sanitizer berbahan Piper Betle ini dibuat ramah lingkungan serta aman digunakan dalam jangka panjang tanpa menimbulkan iritasi atau kekeringan kulit karena berbahan alami. Kegiatan ini telah terlaksana dengan baik,  maka didapat hasil antara lain ; (1) Pengetahuan santri (santri) mengenai corona dan bio handsanitizer nanopolimer dari Piper Betle meningkat (2) Santri (santri) termotivasi dan antusias untuk mempraktikkan di rumah masing-masing.. Berdasarkan hasil angket santri pelatihan pada aspek kepuasan mendapatkan rata-rata nilai sebesar 92,3 (sangat tinggi), aspek ketertarikan rata-rata nilai yang didapat sebesar 88,5 (tinggi), aspek motivasi mendapatkan rata-rata nilai sebesar 95,6 (sangat tinggi), aspek pengembangan diri rata-rata nilai yang didapat sebesar 85,8 (tinggi).
Ilustración: entre el Arte y el Diseño
Authors: Belda Mercado Nacho
Published: July 2022

Una imagen vale más que mil palabras. Para los que somos perezosos al escribir, la imagen, el dibujo, es una vía más rápida y directa de comunicación. La máxima show, don´t tell es nuestro credo. Esta idea sumada a nuestra apuesta, necesaria y acertada, de dar un espacio a la investigación a través de la imagen equiparándola a la palabra, hacen del presente número, sobre la artificación de la ilustración, el per- fecto campo de pruebas en el que experimentar. John Berger en Modos de Ver² ya adelantaba esta práctica, en la que el espectador-lector participa de varios ensayos visuales, en los que sólo aparecen las imágenes sin más información, y que suscitan tantas preguntas como los ensayos escritos. Es tarea de la audiencia descifrar y apreciar la obra de los artistas.
No-cosas: Quiebras del mundo de hoy
Authors: Moleón Viana Miguel Ángel
Published: July 2022

Las NO-COSAS para Byung-Chul Han serían, en esencia, el espectro impalpable de los productos que solemos consumir en la sociedad actual y que conforman nuestro ecosistema. Y no sólo de los productos. Teniendo en cuenta su análisis, las cosas que veníamos atesorando han perdido largamente su aura mágica de objetos con presencia...
Mala Sombra
Authors: Hidalgo Vásquez Ximena
Published: July 2022

En los tiempos que corren, donde la motivación de muchos escritores es la simple búsqueda del impacto de venta, Flavia busca hablar de lo que tiene cercano, interpretando en tono de ficción policiaca las historias de la gente que conoce, lo que lee, lo que escucha, lo que ve con esa mirada curiosa y creativa, tomando como punto neurálgico la ciudad en la que se radicó, Granada...
RELEVANCE OF “SMALL” GARDENS IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT AND PRIVATE GARDEN AND PARK BUILDING
Authors: DEMYDENKO A.S. , MALIK T.V.
Published: July 2022

Problem statement. Landscape architecture is a constantly evolving field of activity. Historically, with the development of urbanization, the number and complexity of landscape design objects has increased. In this regard, there are different stages in the formation of landscape architecture, associated and due to the evolution of views on the relationship “Man – Nature”, technical and technological achievements of mankind, social needs and conditions. The analysis of methods of formation of small gardens and parks in the urban environment and private garden and park construction is presented. Purpose of the article. The article aims to determine the need and importance of designing small gardens in urban environments and private landscaping. Conclusion. As a result, it was found that the main task of a small garden in modern architectural complexes is the humanization, individualization and spiritualization of the human environment. To do this, architects use traditional and innovative compositional and functional techniques, aesthetic and artistic means. It was found that small gardens today, as in all times, are manifested as a decorative accompaniment to architecture, while solving a number of other problems. The problem of comprehensive study of small gardens is associated with many vector temporary studies, because the culture of a small garden can manifest itself in the minds of people as an element of tradition, as a sign of modernity and as an ideal prospect for the future urban environment. The analysis of the place and role of a small garden in a modern city allows us to consider it a necessary and relevant element of modern urban interior architecture.
INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF TRENCH PRODUCTION IN DIFFICULT NATURAL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS BASED ON TECHNICAL INNOVATIONS
Authors: SHATOV S.V. , MATSENKO O.M. , SKRYPKA Yev.O. , BILHOVSKYI D.V.
Published: July 2022

Problem statement. Trench production is a very energy-intensive and costly process. In addition, the preparation of trenches in the winter takes a long time. The article's relevance is because the trenches needed in many industries (construction, agriculture, water management, military affairs) have to be performed in the winter, which significantly increases the cost and time of their production. In military affairs, it is about economic efficiency and the safety of personnel, which is especially important in the event of a threat of full-scale hostilities. Therefore, improving machinery and equipment for the effective development of frozen and firm soils in the execution of trenches is an urgent scientific and technical task today. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the increase of economic efficiency of trench production in difficult natural and climatic conditions based on technical innovations. Results. In winter, soils have much higher mechanical properties, primarily in terms of strength, than other year periods. This leads to an increase in energy intensity and the cost of soil development by earthmoving equipment. In most cases, these machines are not able to develop frozen soils. Therefore, before using them, they perform preparatory work on loosening frozen soils. From the calculations given in the article, we can conclude that using only excavator equipment in the winter is economically impractical. That is why it was proposed to introduce an advanced cultivator with two teeth at an angle to develop frozen soil. Compared with traditional equipment, this type of equipment reduces 2,8–3,0 times unproductively loose soil, and secondly, depending on the class, increases productivity by 1,8–9,5 times. Scientific novelty and practical significance. For the first time, the feasibility of using a tusk with sloping teeth to develop frozen and strong soils reduces the cost of trenching at least 2 times while significantly increasing the speed of work, which is extremely important for maintaining personnel in military conditions. To demonstrate the efficiency of cultivators more clearly, efficiency coefficients of equipment were introduced, which showed the economic feasibility of introducing a cultivator with two teeth at an angle to the development of frozen soils in comparison, both for military and civilian purposes.
DESCRIPTION OF ISSUES DURING THE DISASSEMBLY WORK PROCESS
Authors: SOKOLOV I.A. , NESEVRIA P.I. , NAUMOV V.O.
Published: July 2022

Problem statement. Due to the great globalisation and continuous exponential growth of megacities populations, there is a growing need to improve the quality of housing for urbanised humanity through the expansion of existing cities. Cities are constantly growing. Continuous process of renovation and old quarters transformation that do not correspond modern norms and regulations in terms of infrastructure and housing is ongoing. Under this rapid growth, problems arise and accumulate during disassembly. It is necessary for solving these problems to describe and structure them. The purpose of the article is the development of identification concept for new and typing existing problems at each disassembly stage, as well as finding their solution based on domestic and international experience presented in scientific sources. It is necessary to develop standardised algorithm for disassembly and demolition of buildings and structures. Scientific novelty. On the basis of own experience in the implementation of disassembly projects and scientific papers, an algorithm for disassembly work is developed. The most typical problems at each stage of the disassembly described.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION DURING AN EXTREME SITUATION AT A CHLORINE OVERFLOW STATION
Authors: BILIAIEV М.M. , BERLOV O.V. , GUBIN O.I. , GUNKO O. Yu. , MASHYKHINA P.B.
Published: July 2022

Problem statement. The problem of forecasting the dynamics of the formation of zones of chemical pollution due to accidental emissions of chlorine at the chlorine overflow station is considered. There is a large village near this chlorine overflow station, so in case of an emergency there is a risk of toxic damage to people. From this point of view, the development of effective multidimensional mathematical models to predict the formation of zones of chemical contamination is of great relevance. The purpose of the article. Development of a numerical multi-parameter model and computer program for forecasting the dynamics of air pollution due to accidental leakage of chlorine at the chlorine station. Methodology. For mathematical modeling of the propagation of a chemically hazardous substance, a three-dimensional equation of mass transfer is used (the equation of G.I. Marchuk). This modeling equation takes into account different wind directions, changes in the vertical coefficient of atmospheric diffusion with height, the intensity of the release of a chemically hazardous substance, and the location of the emission source. For the numerical integration of the three-dimensional mass transfer equation, finite-difference splitting schemes are used. First, for the modeling equation of mass transfer, its physical splitting is carried out: the equations of transfer due to velocity and due to diffusion are considered separately. Also, a separate step is to change the concentration of a chemically hazardous substance due to the action of a pollution source. Next, a difference splitting scheme is constructed. At each step of the splitting, the value of the concentration of a chemically hazardous substance is determined according to an explicit scheme. Scientific novelty. A numerical model is proposed to calculate the dynamics of accidental air pollution due to the release of chemically hazardous substances. The mathematical model takes into account the physical factors that significantly affect the process of distribution of chemically hazardous substances in the atmosphere. Practical significance. Based on the developed model, a code is created that allows you to quickly calculate the process of accidental air pollution. The mathematical model can be used in developing an emergency response plan. Conclusions. The developed mathematical model and the computer code that implements it allow us to study the dynamics of the spread of chemically hazardous substances in the air. The developed computer program can be implemented on low and medium power computers. The results of a computational experiment are presented.
A TYPOLOGY OF APPROACHES OF SPACE ARCHITECTURE FOR LUNA SETTLEMENTS
Authors: VOROBIOV V. V. , SHYLO O.S.
Published: July 2022

Problem statement. Humanity is inching closer to the technical possibility of establishing outer space settlements on the Moon. The space club nations have joined their potential or move ahead with their own space exploration efforts to work on outer space projects of Luna habitats. The new Moon Race has begun with its first stage of architectural design played out on Earth. The Internet resources and research publications in printed journals suggest different approaches to lunar settlement designs, which can be explained by extreme surface conditions and configurations of the Moon, as well as various goals and objectives set by the states seeking to gain a foothold on our nearest neighbor in space. In cooperation with other nations, Ukraine participates in the exploration of the Moon. However, the global expert comunity has not yet come up with clear and unambiguous concepts of the typology of the organizational architecture for lunar settlements. The purpose of this article is to give insight into the typology of objective timeless approaches to the architectural organization of lunar settlements. Conclusions. Colonisation of other planets, as an immediate objective of the humankind, will begin with the exploration of the Moon, where various adaptation methods could be developed relevant to the conditions of other worlds. Nevetherless, there are some common objective factors affecting the settlements of pioneers from Earth. Thus, the need for identifying and systematising an objective typology of approaches to the architectural organization of lunar settlements as a condition for the subsequent colonisation of more distant planets has become important.
INVESTIGATION OF THE MICROSTRUCT
Authors: TEKGÖZ Merve , ASGAROV Khangardash
Published: July 2022

In this study; It is aimed to determine the effect of cork hardening applied to R260 quality rail steel in laboratory environment on microstructure and mechanical properties. Within the scope of this study, the appropriate internal structure was determined by giving only water and water + air to the rails austenitized at 800 °C in the laboratory environment. Heat treated rails have been subjected to hardness and compression tests. The hardness values closest to the standards were obtained from the rails austenitized at 800 °C and cooled with a water + air mixture in 10 seconds.
Additive processing technologies of tool engineering for combined tooling tech-niques
Authors: Smolentsev Vladislav , Nenakhov Nikolay , Izvekov Alexander , Starodubtsev Igor
Published: July 2022

The matters, related to additive tech-niques for combined methods of tool engi-neering on exposure to electromagnetic field and other types of fields, are addressed. The ways for solving the problem of operational characteristics control by making conjugate layer parts with properties formed by opti-mizing technological modes, are given