bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O uso pedagógico de Tecnologias Digitais
Authors: Moreira Valéria Nascimento , Ribeiro da Gama Rangel Ingrid
Published: June 2021

O Bloco Alfabetizador tem como principal objetivo desenvolver os processos de alfabetização e letramento. Em uma sociedade cada vez mais informatizada, faz-se de suma importância que as práticas de ensino contem com os recursos das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC). O uso pedagógico das TDIC demanda constante atualização docente. A formação continuada, neste contexto, é fundamental. Por esta razão, o presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar a análise da investigação de algumas contribuições de um curso de formação continuada para professores do Bloco Alfabetizador do Ensino Fundamental quanto ao uso pedagógico das TDIC. A metodologia utilizada foi uma pesquisa qualitativa, quanto à abordagem. Quanto aos procedimentos, foi realizada uma intervenção pedagógica que se deu por meio de um curso de formação continuada. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizados foram entrevistas com roteiros de perguntas estruturadas. As interações e discussões realizadas nos fóruns e as atividades propostas constituíram-se nas fontes dos dados, que foram analisados a partir do aporte teórico apresentado na revisão da literatura. Os resultados apontaram para a importância da formação continuada na profissão docente, considerando a necessidade de atualização para a adoção de novos recursos, como as TDIC, no processo de ensino e aprendizagem.
Effects of Faculty and Staff Connectedness on Student Self-Efficacy
Authors: Ferguson Shaundawna Nicole
Published: June 2021

Student self-efficacy is an important part of determining a student’s ability to perform well in school. This research study is a mixed-method approach to determining whether student self-efficacy is impacted by the relationships students have with faculty and staff on a college campus. Previous research indicates that student success is related to environment as well as self-efficacy. Using a grounded theory approach, this research extrapolates what factors matter most to student success. The study shows quantitatively that student self-efficacy improves with age. Students indicated factors contributing to their success include better training of faculty and staff, better support of the school environment, and that faculty are more supportive than staff in most instances. These findings indicate that more research should be conducted on roles of staff and how they contribute to higher learning, as well as what resources could be put into place to better support students.

Keywords: self-efficacy, connectedness, college relationships, interactions, faculty, staff
Facilitating Faculty Getting Started in SoTL
Authors: Dewar Jacqueline M , Perkins Kathleen
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT: SoTL has been embraced as a viable approach to professional development for higher education faculty. Workshops and programs of various types and lengths have offered guidance and provided mentorship for SoTL novices. Many books, manuals, and websites describe how to undertake a SoTL investigation, but far fewer sources of advice exist for those assisting faculty beginning in SoTL. In this article, two Carnegie scholars reflect on their experiences and lessons learned helping others join the SoTL community. They discuss common characteristics of the new scholars they encountered and the types of assistance, both intellectual and institutional, that the scholars needed.  They offer advice and suggest resources for working with new SoTL scholars and describe some of the benefits that accrue from this work.
ZOOMing into a Community: Exploring Various Teaching Practices to Help Foster Sense of Community and Engagement in Emergency Remote Teaching
Authors: Bakir Nesrin , Phirangee Krystle
Published: June 2021

Educators across the world have been forced to shift their courses online due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As face-to-face courses become online courses during this unprecedented time, instructors are thrown into emergency remote teaching (ERT). Where online learning involves “experiences that are planned from the beginning and designed to be online, emergency remote teaching (ERT) is a temporary shift of instructional delivery to an alternate delivery mode due to crisis circumstances…[which], will return to that [original] format once the crisis or emergency has abated” (Hodges, Moore, Lockee, Trust, & Bond, 2020, para 13). The instructional demands of ERT can be overwhelming in that many instructors are trying to navigate new online teaching approaches to ensure their students have a sense of community (SoC), that is a sense of belonging and interactivity, and are still engaged, motivated, and involved in the course. Zoom, a cloud-based video conferencing platform, has boomed in popularity becoming the go-to tool many instructors use to host, facilitate, and integrate within their course, as well as to ensure a SoC is fostered and maintained. Guided by the social constructivism theory and community of inquiry (CoI) model, this quick hits piece, aims to answer the question: In what ways might Zoom foster and sustain a SoC community in ERT?
Online Gaming as Digital Heuristics
Authors: Clinton Miriam G
Published: June 2021

While 3D modeling has only come into widespread archaeological use in recent years, it is hardly a new or untested approach in the study of architecture. Even so, archaeological 3D modeling has largely been limited to use in illustrations, rather than treated as a part of the scientific method. Using the case study of the Minoan House of the Rhyta at Pseira, this article discusses the results of applying 3D modeling as not only a visualization, but also a hypothesis testing tool.
In the summer of 2014, the Minoan Modeling Project undertook a new intensive architectural examination of the Minoan House of the Rhyta at Pseira. The project produced both state and reconstructed 3D models. The 3D reconstruction became the basis of an educational video game designed as a scientific tool to test architectural theories about the use of space. As gamers interact with and circulate through the various rooms in the House of the Rhyta, their movements are tracked and statistically compared with the results of more traditional methods of access and circulation pattern analysis. This article presents preliminary results of this crowdsourced online game study, in addition to discussing strengths and weaknesses of the technique as learned through the process of building the model and game.
Putting Space Syntax to the Test
Authors: Fredrick David , Vennarucci Rhodora G
Published: June 2021

While space syntax analysis has been widely applied to archaeological sites (including Pompeii), it is fundamentally limited by its isolation within the social sciences and its omission of decoration from the analysis of human cognition and movement within structures. At the same time, phenomenology in archaeology has typically arisen from the physical experiences of a limited number of professional archaeologists in a landscape, with little interest in digital embodiment in virtual spaces. The Virtual Pompeii Project has produced an updated version of space syntax which combines network measures common in the social sciences with visibility graphs to produce predictive models of movement within a set of three ancient Roman houses in Pompeii. These predictive models are tested through the navigation of virtual models of the houses by human subjects, demonstrating the significance of decoration in shaping movement, and, through quantitative and qualitative data, the value of digitally embodied phenomenology. This points ahead to the use of crowd-sourced, web-based global testing, diversifying the subject pool far beyond the narrow bounds of professional classicists or archaeologists.
Can information be too much? the moderating role of Covid-19 information on the effect of job stress on job performance
Authors: Mahila Adra Rida , Franksiska Rosaly
Published: June 2021

During the Covid-19 pandemic, many governments require companies to promote a work from home policy. However, many occupations cannot be done at home, putting the employees at increased health risk and increasing job stress. The purpose of this study is to examine whether job stress negatively affects job performance. Furthermore, we also examine the moderating effect of Covid-19 information on the relationship between job stress and job performance. Our respondents are employees who work in manufacturing firms in Salatiga and still have to work from the office during the pandemic. The data were collected using an online questionnaire, and the total number of respondents is 105. Our analysis using moderated regression analysis founds that job stress negatively influences job performance. We also found that Covid-19 information moderates the relationship between job stress and job performance.
The effects of brand equity, price, and brand proliferation on new product performance through product trial: evidence from FMCG industry in Indonesia
Authors: Sinurat Winson , Dirgantara I Made Bayu
Published: June 2021

Business competition in fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) products in Indonesia has increased due to industry growth in this sector. Companies must create new marketing strategies to maintain and gather a broader market share. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of brand equity, price, and brand proliferation on new product performance of FMCG products through product trial. This study uses quantitative analysis, which uses data analysis tools SPSS 26) to analyze the data with PROCESS macro analysis to analyze the mediator variables. This study showed that brand equity, product quality, and brand proliferation had a positive and significant effect on new product performance. The PROCESS analysis results also show mediating effects between brand equity, price, and brand proliferation on new product performance through product trial. These results also show that brand equity, price, and brand proliferation can predict new product performance in the FMCG industry in Indonesia.
Antibacterial potential of red dragon fruit peel yogurt (hylocereus spp.) against bacillus subtilis bacteria in hypercholesterolemic wistar rats
Authors: Putriningtyas Natalia Desy , Mardiana Mardiana , Cahyati Widya Hary
Published: June 2021

Background: Fruit peel is a part of red dragon fruit that weighed 30-35% of the fruit weight and has not been used optimally. Red dragon fruit peel contains fiber, vitamin, flavonoid, tannin, alkaloids and has the potential as an antibacterial. Red dragon fruit peel can be processed into yogurt.Objectives: This research examined the antibacterial potential of red dragon fruit peel yogurt against Bacillus subtilis in hypercholesterolemic Wistar rats.Materials and Methods: Materials tested in this study were negative control, positive control, and caecum of hypercholesterolemic Wistar. This study used chloramphenicol as the positive control (K+) and DMSO 10% as the negative control (K-). The K1; K2; K3 were orally administered with 1.8 mL; 2.7 mL; 3.6 mL of red dragon fruit peel yogurt, respectively. Red dragon fruit peel yogurt was administered daily for 28 days. Caecum was collected and tested for antibacterial activity using disk diffusion (Kirby Bauer). The Bacillus subtilis was obtained from the Microbiology Laboratory of Center for Food and Nutrition Studies Universitas Gadjah Mada.Results: The average inhibition zone in K-; K+; K1; K2; K3 were 0.00±0.00 mm; 11.5±1.41 mm; 11.5±0.96 mm; 10.13±0.66 mm; 10.38±1.12 mm, respectively. The experimental animal groups, which received 2.7 mL and 1.8 mL of red dragon fruit peel yogurts, showed a significant difference compared to the positive control group (p= 0.026 and p=0.021, respectively). When the dose was increased to 3.6 mL, it showed no statistical difference in results (p=1.000).Conclusions: Red dragon fruit peel yogurt has an antibacterial potential against Bacillus subtilis.
PENGARUH EDUKASI GIZI DENGAN MEDIA PUZZLE TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TENTANG SAYUR DAN BUAH PADA ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Safitri Yeni Liza , Sulistyowati Enik , Ambarwati Ria
Published: June 2021

Background: Consumption of vegetables and fruit among school age children is still low due to lack of knowledge and attitudes about vegetables and fruit. Nutrition education can be provided to increase knowledge and attitudes as early as possible. Nutrition education using puzzle media is expected to increase knowledge and form a positive attitude about vegetable and fruit consumption.Objective: To determine the effect of nutrition education using puzzle media towards knowledge and attitudes about vegetables and fruit in elementary school children.Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest control group design. Fourty elementary school children were divided into two groups. The treatment group received nutrition education using puzzle media and a control group received nutrition education without puzzle media. Knowledge and attitudes were assessed before and after the study based on scores. Data were analyzed using Paired T-Test and Independent Sample T-Test.Results: The average score od knowledge in the treatment group increase by 18.25 points and the control group scre increased by 12.25 points. The mean score of attitudes in the treatment group increased by 14.45 points and the control group (p=0.014) and the attitude scores between the treatment group and the control group (p=0.003)Conclusion: Nutrition education using puzzle media can increase knowledge and attitudes about vegetables and fruit in elementary school children.Keywords: Nutrition education; Puzzle media; Vegetable and fruit; Knowledge; Attitude.
Propaganda dalam Penyelenggaraan American Corner di Perpustakaan Universitas Bintang
Authors: Amany Adisty Rifqah , Wijayanti Luki
Published: June 2021

American Corner (Amcor) Perpustakaan Universitas Bintang adalah salah satu lembaga informasi mengenai Amerika Serikat (AS) yang berada di Indonesia. Dalam penyelenggaraannya sejak tahun 2004, pojok tersebut memiliki latar belakang sejarah yang cukup kompleks dan sarat akan kepentingan politik dengan menggunakan istilah ‘diplomasi publik’. Penelitian ini membahas propaganda berbentuk diplomasi publik yang dilakukan oleh Amcor Perpustakaan Universitas Bintang, dimulai dari latar belakang pengadaan program Amcor itu sendiri, kegiatan yang ditawarkan, serta analisis isi media sosial yang digunakan pojok tersebut dalam mempromosikan sekaligus membangun citranya pada masyarakat luas, khususnya generasi muda. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi literatur dan analisis isi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Amcor Perpustakaan Universitas Bintang sebagai salah satu media propaganda AS belum dapat mencapai tujuan yang diinginkannya, terlepas dari begitu ambisiusnya pengadaan program ini. Diplomasi publik atau propaganda yang dilakukan tidak dapat meyakinkan pengguna perpustakaan, terutama karena masih kurangnya keterikatan antara pojok tersebut dengan pengguna perpustakaan. Meskipun kegiatan-kegiatan yang dilaksanakan oleh Amcor Perpustakaan Universitas Bintang sudah diusahakan untuk dapat dicapai oleh pengguna perpustakaan yang ditargetkan, namun usaha ini tidak diiringi dengan publikasi yang matang. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membuka ruang diskusi ilmiah baru yang lebih luas mengenai isu politik dalam kajian perpustakaan di waktu mendatang.
MULTIPLE IMPUTATION FOR ORDINARY COUNT DATA BY NORMAL DISTRIBUTION APPROXIMATION
Authors: Siswantining Titin , Ihsan Muhammad , Soemartojo Saskya Mary , Sarwinda Devvi , Al-Ash Herley Shaori , Sari Ika Marta
Published: June 2021

Missing values are a problem that is often encountered in various fields and must be addressed to obtain good statistical inference such as parameter estimation. Missing values can be found in any type of data, included count data that has Poisson distributed. One solution to overcome that problem is applying multiple imputation techniques. The multiple imputation technique for the case of count data consists of three main stages, namely the imputation, the analysis, and pooling parameter. The use of the normal distribution refers to the sampling distribution using the central limit theorem for discrete distributions. This study is also equipped with numerical simulations which aim to compare accuracy based on the resulting bias value. Based on the study, the solutions proposed to overcome the missing values in the count data yield satisfactory results. This is indicated by the size of the bias parameter estimate is small. But the bias value tends to increase with increasing percentage of observation of missing values and when the parameter values are small.
Zur Theorie und Anwendung der Flachheit nichtlinearer zeitdiskreter Systeme in Zustandsdarstellung
Authors: Kolar Bernd , Diwold Johannes , Schöberl Markus
Published: June 2021

Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über Theorie und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten des Konzepts der Flachheit für nichtlineare zeitdiskrete Systeme. Anstatt von Zeitableitungen der Systemgrößen kann ein flacher Ausgang im zeitdiskreten Fall von deren zukünftigen und vergangenen Werten abhängen. Für den in der Literatur meistens betrachteten – und für zahlreiche praktische Anwendungen relevanten – Fall der Vorwärts-Flachheit, bei dem man sich auf aktuelle und zukünftige Werte einschränkt, geben wir eine vollständige geometrische Charakterisierung an. Damit ist es möglich, die Vorwärts-Flachheit eines Systems rechentechnisch effizient und analog zum bekannten Test für Eingangs-Zustands-Linearisierbarkeit zu beurteilen. Als Anwendungsbeispiel betrachten wir die exakte Diskretisierung eines mobilen Roboters.
Stabilisierung flacher Systeme in vorgebbarer endlicher Zeit
Authors: Irscheid Abdurrahman , Bleymehl Sonja , Rudolph Joachim
Published: June 2021

Es wird ein systematischer Zugang zur Stabilisierung in vorgebbarer endlicher Zeit, basierend auf einer Zeittransformation, vorgestellt. Mittels Eigenwertvorgabe in der transformierten Zeit wird eine Klasse linearer zeitvarianter Differentialgleichungen hergeleitet, deren allgemeine Lösung in a priori bekannter endlicher Zeit gegen Null konvergiert. Zudem ermöglicht dieser Zugang die explizite Bestimmung der allgemeinen Lösung. Darauf aufbauend nutzen flachheitsbasierte Folgeregler in vorgebbarer endlicher Zeit stabile Systeme als Zieldynamiken. Die Stellgrößen bleiben dabei stets beschränkt und erfüllen Glattheitsanforderungen. Eine inhärente Robustheit gegenüber Modellunbestimmtheiten wird gezeigt.
Sino–German Computational and Applied Mathematics
Authors: Braack Malte , Gallistl Dietmar , Hu Jun , Kanschat Guido , Xu Xuejun
Published: June 2021

This short article serves as an epilog of the thirteen preceding papers in this special issue of CMAM.
All contributions are authored by participants of the 7th Sino–German Workshop on Computational and Applied Mathematics
at the Kiel University.
The topics cover fourth-order problems,
solvers and multilevel methods,
a posteriori error control and adaptivity,
and data science.
Structural insights into the repair mechanism of AGT for methyl-induced DNA damage
Authors: Koirala Rajendra P. , Pokhrel Rudramani , Baral Prabin , Tiwari Purushottam B. , Chapagain Prem P. , Adhikari Narayan P.
Published: June 2021

Methylation induced DNA base-pairing damage is one of the major causes of cancer. O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT) is considered a demethylation agent of the methylated DNA. Structural investigations with thermodynamic properties of the AGT-DNA complex are still lacking. In this report, we modeled two catalytic states of AGT-DNA interactions and an AGT-DNA covalent complex and explored structural features using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We utilized the umbrella sampling method to investigate the changes in the free energy of the interactions in two different AGT-DNA catalytic states, one with methylated GUA in DNA and the other with methylated CYS145 in AGT. These non-covalent complexes represent the pre- and post-repair complexes. Therefore, our study encompasses the process of recognition, complex formation, and separation of the AGT and the damaged (methylated) DNA base. We believe that the use of parameters for the amino acid and nucleotide modifications and for the protein-DNA covalent bond will allow investigations of the DNA repair mechanism as well as the exploration of cancer therapeutics targeting the AGT-DNA complexes at various functional states as well as explorations via stabilization of the complex.
Stability results for weak solutions to backward one-dimensional semi-linear parabolic equations with locally Lipschitz source
Authors: Hào Dinh Nho , Van Duc Nguyen , Oanh Nguyen Thi Ngoc
Published: June 2021

Stability estimates of Hölder type for weak solutions to backward one-dimensional semi-linear parabolic equations with
locally Lipschitz source are obtained. It is noticed that stability results for weak solutions to nonlinear inverse problems are very rare in the literature.
Should prenatal screening be seen as ‘selective reproduction’? Four reasons to reframe the ethical debate
Authors: Rehmann-Sutter Christoph
Published: June 2021

There are a number of problems with the classification of prenatal screening as a form of ‘selective reproduction’ that has become an increasingly dominant classification scheme in the last decade. (1) Since the term ‘selection’ implies choosing one out of several (at least two), it misdescribes the decision to terminate a pregnancy. (2) Deciding whether to have this child is a decision taken within the relationships that constitute the pregnancy. (3) ‘Selection’ is a loaded term, connecting prenatal diagnosis to negative eugenics or to population genetics. (4) Deciding against the birth of a child who would suffer or would not be able to flourish is a decision taken within a negotiation of personal responsibilities and social constraints. The characterization of prenatal screening as selective reproduction is, in a very narrow way, defensible to reconstruct why prenatal screening is permissible in a liberal state and should not be banned, but it needs to be rejected as a general frame for understanding the substance of the ethical issues around prenatal diagnosis and screening. Ethics should rather attempt to create a respectful space of mutual understandings and reflect how women and couples, who are ultimately responsible for these decisions, perceive their responsibilities in care.
Rare paratesticular aggressive angiomyxoma mimicking an epididymal tumor in an 82-year-old man: Case report
Authors: Chen Chi-Fang , Wang Tao-Yeuan , Chen Marcelo , Lin Yung-Chieh
Published: June 2021

Aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) is a rare mesenchymal myxoid tumor, and most cases occur in the pelvic region or perineum of adult females. AAM is very rare in males. Most of these cases have been diagnosed in patients aged 30–60 years, and the tumors involved the pelvic cavity, scrotum, or spermatic cord. AAM can mimic inguinal hernia, hydrocele, or paratesticular neoplasm. Four male cases have been reported with paratesticular AAM mimicking a testicular/epididymal tumor, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the oldest patient in the literature. Because of its rarity, making an exact diagnosis before surgery is difficult. Herein, we present a case of AAM in an 82-year-old man and review the literature.
Placebo is Magic or Magic is Placebo? The Greco-Roman Iatromagical Texts
Authors: Chronopoulou Eleni
Published: June 2021

Many of the numerous magical recipes and spells from the Greco-Roman world aim to heal or protect the practitioner. The text, however, show great diversity and heterogeneity and many of them seem to be an elaborate amalgam of different religious influences, analogies, and interactions. This variety can, among other things, play into certain aspects of the placebo effect. Here, I present a systematic categorization of Greco-Roman amulets according to physical support, format, chronology, and purpose, which together with a study of their terminology may point towards different placebo effects. Then, I examine their social context and describe the resources and themodus operandiof the magical healing, which will have further strengthened the effect of these amulets. Their reliance on cultural resources and tropes points especially towards conditioning and learned responses.
The vocabulary of care and healing in the Greek private letters of Byzantine Egypt
Authors: Ricciardetto Antonio
Published: June 2021

Amid the corpus of Greek papyri discovered in the sands of Egypt, some fifty letters dated from the end of the 3rdcentury CE to the 7thcentury refer to a disease which afflicts an animal or a private individual – either the sender or the recipient of the letter, or to a third party. Seventeen of these also provide details on care and healing. How do these seventeen letters, which ostensibly do not derive from the medical world, describe the evolution of a disease, and especially its outcome when it is fortunate for the sick person? What are the healing strategies implemented by these individuals? These are the questions that I try to answer, while emphasising the contribution of these documents to the history of health and disease in Byzantine Egypt.
Die Wegbereiter
Authors: Günzel Martin
Published: June 2021

Die Beteiligung Großbritanniens am 2003 begonnenen Irakkrieg gehört zu den kontroversesten Ereignissen der jüngeren britischen Zeitgeschichte und hat die Bewertung der Amtszeit des damaligen Premierministers Tony Blair nachhaltig geprägt. Die Frage, aus welchen Gründen und mit welchen Zielen sich die britische Regierung seinerzeit für einen Kurs der dezidierten Unterstützung des von den USA initiierten Kriegs entschied, konnte bislang nicht eindeutig geklärt werden. Die nunmehr zugänglichen Quellen zeigen, dass man sich in London bereits sehr früh auf eine Kriegsteilnahme festlegte und die Öffentlichkeit über die Motive täuschte. Die Art und Weise, wie der Krieg letztlich diplomatisch durchgesetzt und öffentlich begründet wurde, hat die Sicht darauf maßgeblicher geprägt als lange angenommen.
Widersprüche eines Modus Vivendi
Authors: Gahn Philipp
Published: June 2021

Die Monate von November 1936 bis Januar 1937 waren für Michael von Faulhaber eine Zeit größter Anspannung. Empfangen wie eine Art Primas des deutschen Episkopats traf er Hitler auf dem Obersalzberg, zu einem „letzten Versuch“ einer Verständigung zwischen Staat und Kirche. Im Januar weilte er zu Beratungen in Rom, aus denen sein Textentwurf zur Enzyklika „Mit brennender Sorge“ hervorging. Dazwischen lagen hektische Wochen, in denen er eine Doppelstrategie verfolgte: Vorbehaltlos bis zur Selbstverleugnung blieb er verhandlungsbereit, während er andererseits den offenen Protest nicht scheute. Die hier präsentierten Dokumente belegen die Illusion, unter der dieses Vorgehen stand, so dass sogar sein Beitrag zur Enzyklika in einem anderen Licht erscheint.
La complejidad dialectal de Cantabria
Authors: Peña Arce Jaime
Published: June 2021

In this article, the dialectal complexity of Cantabrian Spanish is shown through the traces left by the different stages of the yeísmo variation and change process, for which —for the first time— a systematic analysis is proposed. These linguistic varieties, which are part of the dialectal continuum that stretches across northern Spain, have a clear Leonese base, which has been altered by the incorporation of Castilian features, both dialectal and standard. The evolution of yeísmo in the region is a clear example of this trend.
Anomalies of precipitation and drought in objectively derived climate regions of Iran
Authors: Ghaedi Sohrab
Published: June 2021

By regionalizing precipitation in 113 synoptic stations in Iran, the characteristics of precipitations and the occurrence of droughts in each region were investigated over a period of 30 years, 1988–2017. Elevation, latitude and distance from moisture source have caused strong East–West and South–North gradients of precipitation across the territory of Iran so that the average annual precipitation increases from 55 mm in the eastern and central regions to 1,730 mm in the south-west coast of the Caspian Sea. Hierarchical cluster analysis identified six precipitation regions in Iran, including the arid, semi-arid, moderate, semi-humid, humid, and high humid regions. An investigation of the standardized precipitation index (SPI) showed that the trend in about 19 per cent of stations was significantly decreasing. It was non-significantly decreasing in 65 per cent, significantly increasing in less than 1 per cent, and non-significantly increasing in 15 per cent of the stations. While the occurrence of drought has increased in most parts of Iran, it has decreased in some stations only in the northern strip of the country. The line slope in more than 84 per cent of the stations represent negative values in SPI, which confirms an increase in the occurrence of droughts in Iran.
Directional analysis of drainage network and morphotectonic features in the south-eastern part of Bükk Region
Authors: Pecsmány Péter , Hegedűs András , Vágó János , Németh Norbert
Published: June 2021

The fracture deformations often result in linear morphological elements (lineaments, valleys) on the surface. In many cases, the direction of the lineaments and valleys can be well followed by the strike of the geological structural elements. Therefore, conclusions can be drawn from these directions for regional tectonic processes. Our work aimed to analyse the relationship between the valley and lineament network and the structural elements in the south-eastern part of Bükk Region. We prepared the theoretical drainage network map and lineament map of the area. The direction of the linear elements was examined separately on the eastern part of South-Eastern Bükk that is built up mainly by Mesozoic limestone and the eastern side of Bükkalja area covered by Neogene and Quaternary sediments. Structural geological surveys were also performed on seven sites to measure the strike of joint sets. These results were compared with the valleys’ direction in the 2 km wide area of the measurement sites. Based on our results, it can be stated that the development of the drainage network was influenced by the geological elements; however, there are local differences in the characteristics of the South-Eastern Bükk and Bükkalja. Our study confirmed that the study of linear morphological elements has great importance in the exploration of geological structural elements.
The Formin Fmn2b Is Required for the Development of an Excitatory Interneuron Module in the Zebrafish Acoustic Startle Circuit
Authors: Nagar Dhriti , James Tomin K. , Mishra Ratnakar , Guha Shrobona , Burgess Shawn M. , Ghose Aurnab
Published: June 2021

The formin family member Fmn2 is a neuronally enriched cytoskeletal remodeling protein conserved across vertebrates. Recent studies have implicated Fmn2 in neurodevelopmental disorders, including sensory processing dysfunction and intellectual disability in humans. Cellular characterization of Fmn2 in primary neuronal cultures has identified its function in the regulation of cell-substrate adhesion and consequently growth cone translocation. However, the role of Fmn2 in the development of neural circuitsin vivo, and its impact on associated behaviors have not been tested. Using automated analysis of behavior and systematic investigation of the associated circuitry, we uncover the role of Fmn2b in zebrafish neural circuit development. As reported in other vertebrates, the zebrafish ortholog of Fmn2 is also enriched in the developing zebrafish nervous system. We find that Fmn2b is required for the development of an excitatory interneuron pathway, the spiral fiber neuron, which is an essential circuit component in the regulation of the Mauthner cell (M-cell)-mediated acoustic startle response. Consistent with the loss of the spiral fiber neurons tracts, high-speed video recording revealed a reduction in the short latency escape events while responsiveness to the stimuli was unaffected. Taken together, this study provides evidence for a circuit-specific requirement of Fmn2b in eliciting an essential behavior in zebrafish. Our findings underscore the importance of Fmn2 in neural development across vertebrate lineages and highlight zebrafish models in understanding neurodevelopmental disorders.
Don’t Forget the Psychology in Analyses of Psychological Data: The Case of Sequential Testing
Authors: Elsey James W. B. , Filmer Anna I. , Stemerding Lotte E.
Published: June 2021

Sequential testing enables researchers to monitor and analyze data as it arrives, and decide whether or not to continue data collection depending on the results. Although there are approaches that can mitigate many statistical issues with sequential testing, we suggest that current discussions of the topic are limited by focusing almost entirely on the mathematical underpinnings of analytic approaches. An important but largely neglected assumption of sequential testing is that the data generating process under investigation remains constant across the experimental cycle. Without care, psychological factors may result in violations of this assumption when sequential testing is used: researchers’ behavior may be changed by the observation of incoming data, in turn influencing the process under investigation. We argue for the consideration of an ‘insulated’ sequential testing approach, in which research personnel remain blind to the results of interim analyses. We discuss different ways of achieving this, from automation to collaborative inter-lab approaches. As a practical supplement to the issues we raise, we introduce an evolving resource aimed at helping researchers navigate both the statistical and psychological pitfalls of sequential testing: the Sequential Testing Hub (www.sequentialtesting.com). The site includes a guide for involving an independent analyst in a sequential testing pipeline, an annotated bibliography of relevant articles covering statistical aspects of sequential testing, links to tools and tutorials centered around how to actually implement a sequential analysis in practice, and space for suggestions to help develop this resource further. We aim to show that although unfettered use of sequential testing may raise problems, carefully designed procedures can limit the pitfalls arising from its use, allowing researchers to capitalize on the benefits it provides.
Celebrating the 80th anniversary of hormone ablation for prostate cancer
Authors: Zoubeidi Amina , Ghosh Paramita M
Published: June 2021

In this issue of Endocrine-Related Cancer, we are celebrating the 80th anniversary of hormone ablation as treatment for metastatic prostate cancer. Our understanding has evolved from the observation that androgen withdrawal, either surgical or pharmacological, resulted in prostatic atrophy in animal models, to its application in patients, to investigation of the mysterious way in which prostate cancer escapes androgen dependence. We are now in an era of novel AR pathway inhibitors, the combination of androgen ablation with chemotherapy, PARP inhibitors, immunotherapies, guided radiotherapy, and novel drug application based upon genetic testing of individual tumors. In this special issue, we bring together a collection of eight reviews that cover not only the history of 80 years of progress after the initial identification of androgen ablation as an effective treatment of prostate cancer, but subsequent improvements in the understanding of the biology of the disease, development of novel treatment paradigms, resistance to those treatments and disease progression following that resistance.
Prácticas rituales y discursos femeninos en Atenas: Los espacios sacros de la gyne
Authors: Valdés Guía Miriam
Published: June 2021

La obra explora el papel religioso de la mujer casada ateniense en Atenas de época clásica, resaltando la importancia política de su intervención en este ámbito cultual y los paralelismos que se establecen con la actividad política de los varones. Para ello la autora se adentra en los cultos de Deméter, de Dioniso, de Atenea y de Afrodita, tratando de vislumbrar no solo las prácticas religiosas y los espacios sacros de las ciudadanas sino también posibles “discursos” de estas mujeres a través de distintos tipos de fuentes. La misma práctica religiosa se convierte, con frecuencia, en “voz” de autoridad de las atenienses en esta polis, aunque a veces se perciben notas discordantes con respecto a los discursos oficiales de la ciudad clásica.
Universalization of the intelligence definition problem
Authors:   Institute of Artificial Intelligence Problems of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine and the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, A Shevchenko , A Sosnitsky ,   Berdyansk State Pedagogical University
Published: June 2021

The main problem today in the research and development of AI is the lack of a scientific definition of Intelligence, since it is impossible to do something incomprehensible. This fundamentally delegitimizes all developments in this area and science as a whole as a product of exclusively intellectual activity, and any scientific use of the term «Intelligence» in its strict sense is unreasonable. In this paper, this problem is solved by transition to a more general universal paradigm of cognition, which allowed us to deduce the desired definition and universal formalism of Intelligence in its strong sense. Unlike previous publications, the ontology and properties of Intelligence are specified here as necessary components of Intelligence, which are subject to subsequent concretization and materialization in different niches of existence. The results of the work are of both fundamental and applied general scientific importance for all technical and humanitarian applications of Intelligence
Deep neural network based on generalized neo-fuzzy neurons and its learning based on backpropagation
Authors:   Kharkiv National University of Radioelectronics, Y Bodyanskiy , T Antonenko ,   Kharkiv National University of Radioelectronics
Published: June 2021

Modern approaches in deep neural networks have a number of issues related to the learning process and computational costs. This article considers the architecture grounded on an alternative approach to the basic unit of the neural network. This approach achieves optimization in the calculations and gives rise to an alternative way to solve the problems of the vanishing and exploding gradient. The main issue of the article is the usage of the deep stacked neo-fuzzy system, which uses a generalized neo-fuzzy neuron to optimize the learning process. This approach is non-standard from a theoretical point of view, so the paper presents the necessary mathematical calculations and describes all the intricacies of using this architecture from a practical point of view. From a theoretical point, the network learning process is fully disclosed. Derived all necessary calculations for the use of the backpropagation algorithm for network training. A feature of the network is the rapid calculation of the derivative for the activation functions of neurons. This is achieved through the use of fuzzy membership functions. The paper shows that the derivative of such function is a constant, and this is a reason for the statement of increasing in the optimization rate in comparison with neural networks which use neurons with more common activation functions (ReLU, sigmoid). The paper highlights the main points that can be improved in further theoretical developments on this topic. In general, these issues are related to the calculation of the activation function. The proposed methods cope with these points and allow approximation using the network, but the authors already have theoretical justifications for improving the speed and approximation properties of the network. The results of the comparison of the proposed network with standard neural network architectures are shown
Research strategy for development of instrument and computer support for diagnosis and treatment of addictive patients considering the consequences of the covid-19 pandemic
Authors:   V.M.Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of the NAS of Ukraine, V Pisarenko , Y Pakin ,   ATOS clinic, J Pisarenko ,   V.M.Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: June 2021

The article states кesearch strategy for development of instrument and computer support for diagnosis and treatment of dependents of patients considering the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the growing worldwide number of addicted people and the deterioration of this situation due to the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is important to introduce improved methods of computer diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of addicted patients and those suffering from on diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). These categories of patients make up a risk group. The proposed methods include the development of a computer database "Addictiveness", the accumulation and generalization of instrumental diagnostic data and the results of patients examinations of the development of a mathematical procedure for correlation "Brain Similarity", to identify signs of symptoms closeness of a dependent patient to one from the groups of already examined persons and those who underwent treatment. On the basis of mathematical methods "Procedure Brain Similarity" and the corresponding data of the database "Addictiveness" the creation of a software package of addicted patients precision diagnostics with computer calculations is provided. Scientific research results, relevant theoretical and experimental developments are the methodological basis for sufficiently qualified studies of a number of poorly studied human CNS phenomena, including not only diagnosis and treatment of addictive patients, but also understudied phenomena of extreme functions of cognitive brain activity
Practical experience in the technical systems creating with the artificial intelligence elements
Authors:   V.M.Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of the NAS of Ukraine, V Pisarenko , J Pisarenko ,   V.M.Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of the NAS of Ukraine, O Gulchak ,   V.M.Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of the NAS of Ukraine, T Chobotok ,   V.M.Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of the NAS of Ukraine, A Boyko ,   V.M.Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: June 2021

The practical experience of solving scientific tasks using artificial intelligence technologies is presented. The authors offered their understanding of the term "artificial intelligence". Describes the development of the dept. №265 of Mathematical Problems of Applied Informatics V.M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of the NAS of Ukraine in the creation of technical systems with elements of AI mainly to work in extreme environments. The purpose of the authors is to provide useful information to develop a strategy for the development of AI in the Ukraine. Some of these studies: monitoring the territory and management of land use technologies using remote sensing technologies from aircraft, spacecraft, unmanned aerial vehicles; monitoring the technical equipment of the underwater environment (technical means of searching for a sunken object of the submarine type for emergency operations are being developed); mine safety control (risk research during mining, creating robotic systems with elements of artificial intelligence for studying the conditions of work in the mine, warning accidents and emergency rescue work). The next direction is the diagnosis and treatment of addictive patients using the principles of therapeutic methods BiofeedBack. Attention is paid to the development of robotic technical systems with AI for servicing cosmic long missions. For this, theoretical studies have been conducted on the creation of a live brain mathematical model for its use in the development of the "artificial brain" of robots. The authors gave a list of tasks that can solve AI in programs for long-term space flights, technologies and systems that should develop in the first place to implement these tasks
The Alternative Distribution of Related Earthworms Aporrectodea caliginosa and A. trapezoides (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) in Ukraine as a Case of Geographical Parthenogenesis
Authors: Mezhzherin S. V. , Chayka Yu. Yu. , Vlasenko R. P. , Zhalay E. I. , Rostovskaya O. V. , Garbar O. V.
Published: June 2021

Geographical parthenogenesis describes phenomenon when parthenogenetic hybrid forms or species have larger distribution areas or higher abundance than their amphimictic parental species, especially in climatically unfavorable conditions. This phenomenon was studied in Ukraine for the pair species of earthworms Aporrectodea сaliginosa (Savigny, 1826) s. l. We found that the hermaphroditic amphimictic A. caliginosa clearly predominates in the northern and western regions, and the apomictic parthenogenetic A. trapezoides (Duges, 1828) in the southern and eastern regions with a continental arid climate. In the sample sets of A. сaliginosa–A. trapezoides group, usually one of the species sharply predominated, and the equality of their abundance was very rare. The reason for this fact is both the alternative geographical distribution and the ability of A. trapezoides to form populations in habitats unfavorable for A. caliginosa. In general, the situation in this group agrees with the classical model of geographic parthenogenesis and confirms the high adaptive potential of apomictic organisms. This fact once again raises the question of non-adaptive reasons for the exclusion of the apomictic reproduction in highly organized animals.
Breeding Ecology of the Pied Avocet, Recurvirosrta avosetta (Charadriiformes, Recurvirostridae), in Tiffech Lake (Souk Ahras, Northeastern Algeria)
Authors: Boukrouma N.
Published: June 2021

The Pied Avocet (Recurvirostra avosetta Linnaeus, 1758) is a sedentary species in Northeastern Algeria, although numbers present increase during spring and summer. Nesting occurs on the dikes and lakes placed at the different pools of the saltpans. In this study, the breeding ecology of the Pied Avocet was studied during the 2017 breeding season in Tiffech lake wetland (868 m in elevation), Northeastern Algeria. The Pied Avocets arrived, at Tiffech Lake in early February and usually spent a few days in flocks before dispersing to set up territories. Egg-laying occurred from 11 April to 21 June, with two distinct peaks (last 15 days of April and May) and incubation period was 27.0 days. The present study indicates the expanded, breeding season. Clutch and egg size of this high-elevation population was comparable to lowland counterparts. Hatching success was 85.77 % and mean net productivity was 0.63 chicks per nest. Entire nest failure from human predation and sheep grazing was responsible for most egg losses.