bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Professores de matemática em atividade de ensino: contribuições da perspectiva histórico-cultural para a formação docente
Authors: Moretti Vanessa Dias , Moura Manoel Oriosvaldo de
Published: July 2011

O artigo apresenta uma pesquisa de doutorado que investigou o processo de formação de professores de matemática em atividade de ensino, ao elaborarem coletivamente situações desencadeadoras de aprendizagem. Fundamentando-se na teoria histórico-cultural e na Teoria da Atividade, elaborou-se uma proposta de formação continuada de professores, ancorada nos conceitos de trabalho e atividade, que se constituiu no campo empírico da investigação. Na análise comparativa dos dados provenientes de elaborações coletivas e socializações das propostas de ensino, buscaram-se evidências que revelassem mudanças no movimento de organização das ações dos professores. Os resultados evidenciam que, na (re)organização coletiva de suas ações, os professores atribuíram novos sentidos às próprias ações, à mediação e à escolha de instrumentos, apropriando-se das formas de realização colaborativa da atividade de ensino. Nesse percurso de formação, o novo fazer dos professores constituiu-se, de forma mediada, na práxis pedagógica, o que corrobora o coletivo como espaço de produção de conhecimento.
O papel da matematização em um contexto interdisciplinar no ensino superior
Authors: Luccas Simone , Batista Irinéa de Lourdes
Published: July 2011

Esse artigo apresenta um estudo a respeito das contribuições que o ensino de matemática pode proporcionar à formação de alunos de um curso do Ensino Superior na área de administração. O estudo discute como o ensino e a aprendizagem do conhecimento matemático podem subsidiar a formação de um administrador, não somente no sentido da compreensão do conhecimento matemático, mas, também, na análise de fenômenos ou problemas existentes em seu entorno sociocultural. A estruturação para o trabalho com o conhecimento matemático dá-se por meio de: um circuito epistemológico do conhecimento, que é proposto pela matematização horizontal e vertical; contextualização adequada de fenômenos da realidade; descontextualização do objeto matemático; e, por fim, recontextualização dessa estrutura em novas problemáticas, implicando necessariamente uma ação interdisciplinar.
A multimodalidade em textos de popularização científica: contribuições para o ensino de ciências para crianças
Authors: Pereira Andrea Garcez , Terrazan Eduardo Adolfo
Published: July 2011

O crescente uso de imagens nos mais variados contextos torna proeminente a investigação sobre multimodalidade e suas possíveis aplicações à educação. Nesse sentido, optamos por investigar em que medida os textos multimodais de popularização científica são adequados para promover a melhoria do ensino de ciências para crianças. Investigamos a seção 'Ecologia e Meio Ambiente' do sítio Ciência Hoje das Crianças, do Instituto Ciência Hoje. Nos textos analisados, constatamos que as imagens estão permitindo a visualização de conceitos, fenômenos, eventos, elementos e/ou seres não familiares aos alunos, cumprindo, assim, duas funções básicas: a de aproximar o leitor dos conhecimentos científicos expressos verbalmente e a de ilustrar a explicação científica dada por meio da linguagem verbal. Fica evidente, ainda, que a leitura multimodal é demandada como habilidade prévia para que o leitor possa extrair, de forma bem-sucedida, as informações contidas nestes textos.
Peroxidase from peach fruit: thermal Stability
Authors: Neves Valdir Augusto , Lourenço E. J.
Published: July 2011

Peroxidase from peach fruit was purified 28.9-fold by DEAE-cellulose, Sephadex G-100 and hydroxylapatite chromatography. The purified enzyme showed only one peak of activity with an optimum pH of 5.0 and temperature of 40ºC. The calculated activation energy (Ea) for the reaction was 7.97 kcal/mol. The enzyme was heat-labile in the temperature range of 60 to 80ºC with a fast inactivation at 80ºC. PAGE of the inactivation course at 70ºC showed only one band of activity. Different sugars increased the heat stability of the activity in the following order: sucrose>lactose>glucose>fructose. Measurement of residual activity showed a stabilizing effect of sucrose at various temperature/sugar concentrations (10 to 40%, w/w) with the Ea for inactivation increasing with sucrose concentration from 0 to 20% (w/w). After inactivation at 70ºC and 75ºC the enzyme was able to be reactivated by up to 40% of the initial activity when stored at 30ºC.
Comparison between multivariate methods applied for the evaluation of genetic divergence in Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)
Authors: Dias Luiz Antônio dos Santos , Kageyama Paulo Yoshio
Published: July 2011

Several multivariate methods have been used in divergence analyses of populations. Consistency and relative association among four methods were assessed using a 5 x 5 complete-diallel data involving cacao cultivars. Over a 5-year period, five cultivars were analyzed based upon five yield components. In assessing the divergence of parents only the data obtained from five cacao cultivars were analyzed. Four multivariate statistics presented close association when considered in pairs, in this case the Mahalanobis' (D²) with the mean Euclidean distance obtained from canonical variates (d cv), and mean Euclidean distance (d e) with the mean Euclidean distance obtained from principal components (d pc). In both cases, high correlations (r > 0.95) were obtained. However, a weak association was detected between D² and de and between d pc and d cv (0.50 and 0.66, respectively). Thus, in studies on genetic divergence, statistics considering the error variance-covariance matrix should be preferred whenever its estimate is possible.
Seed reserves partition and light compensation point of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) seedlings growth under low photosynthetic active radiation
Authors: Lemos Filho José Pires de , Duarte Ricardo Jenner
Published: July 2011

The aim of this study was to verify the dry mass partition of the seed reserves during the initial growth of Swietenia macrophylla seedlings, in the dark, and at low levels of photosynthetically active radiation: 0.125; 3.12 and 52 µ mol.m-2.s-1. After 50 days, the dry mass of the seed reserves did not differ with treatments, but the total dry mass and leaf area were higher in the seedlings under higher light treatment. No difference in root/shoot ratio was observed between treatments, but the leaf area ratio was lower at higher light. Only the seedlings grown at 52 µ mol.m-2.s-1 showed a positive dry mass increase in relation to the mobilized seed reserves. With the values of the net increase of the seedling mass, a linear equation was adjusted in relation to the light levels, permitting to determine 3.76 µ mol.m-2.s-1 as the seedling light compensation point. These results explain the shade tolerance of the S. macrophylla seedlings.
Purification and characterization of β-Fructosidase with inulinase activity from Aspergillus niger - 245
Authors: Cruz Vinícius D'Arcadia , Belote Juliana Gisele , Dorta Claudia , Santos Luíza Helena Oliveira dos , Andriolo Cláudia Regina , Khenayfes Marcelo de Oliveira , Cruz Rubens
Published: July 2011

Aspergillus niger - 245, a strain isolated from soil samples showed good β-fructosidase activity when inoculated in medium formulated with dahlia extract tubers. The enzyme was purified by precipitation in ammonium sulphate and percolated in DEAE-Sephadex A-50 and CM-cellulose columns, witch showed a single peack in all the purification steps, maintaining the I/S ratio between 0.32 to, 0.39. Optimum pH for inulinase activity (I) was between 4.0 - 4.5 and for invertase activity (S) between 2.5 and 5.0. The optimum temperature was 60O.C for both activities and no loss in activity was observed when it was maintained at this temperature for 30 min. The Km value was 1.44 and 5.0, respectively, for I and S and Vm value 10.48 and 30.55, respectively. The I activity was strongly inhibited by Hg2+ and Ag+ and 2 x 10-3 M of glucose, but not by fructose at the same concentration. The enzyme showed an exo-action mechanism, acting on the inulin of different origins. In assay conditions total hydrolysis of all the frutans was obtained, although it has shown larger activity on the chicory inulin than that one from artichoke Jerusalem and dahlia, in the first 30 min. The obtained results suggested that the enzyme presented good potential for industrial application in the preparing the fructose syrups
Fatores associados à indução do parto em gestantes com óbito fetal após a 20ª semana
Authors: Sampaio Ânderson Gonçalves , Souza Alex Sandro Rolland , Noronha Neto Carlos
Published: July 2011

OBJETIVOS: determinar os fatores associados à indução do trabalho de parto em gestantes com óbito fetal. MÉTODOS: estudo seccional, com 258 gestantes após a 20ª semana e diagnóstico ultrassonográfico de óbito fetal, no período de janeiro/2005 a dezembro/2008, na maternidade do Hospital Barão de Lucena, Recife, Brasil. Características sociodemográficas, causas e tipos de óbito fetal, antecedentes obstétricos e características do parto foram variáveis estudadas. Foram utilizados testes qui-quadrado, exato de Fisher e "t" de Student. Razão de prevalência e análise de regressão logística múltipla também foram realizados. O nível de significância foi de 5%. RESULTADOS: a indução do parto ocorreu em 83 (32,2%) gestantes. Após análise multivariada, observou-se que a idade gestacional acima da 40ª semana de gravidez (OR= 126,5; IC95%= 3,83-4.201,5) e óbito fetal tardio (OR= 6,86; IC95%= 2,55-18,47) foram fatores de risco que permaneceram associados à indução do parto. Cesariana (OR= 0,02; IC95%= 0,004-0,09), funiculopatias (OR= 0,12; IC95%= 0,02-0,68), presença de uma ou menos gestações anteriores (OR= 0,34; IC95%= 0,14-0,81) e uma ou mais cesáreas anteriores (OR= 0,16; IC95%= 0,04-0,71) foram negativamente associados à indução. CONCLUSÕES: idade gestacional acima da 40ª semana e óbito fetal tardio são fatores de risco que podem estar associados à indução do parto em gestantes com óbito fetal.
Cuidado mãe canguru em recém-nascidos pré-termo sob suporte ventilatório: avaliação dos estados comportamentais
Authors: Azevedo Vívian Mara Gonçalves de Oliveira , David Renata Bernardes , Xavier César Coelho
Published: July 2011

OBJETIVOS: descrever os estados comportamentais dos recém-nascidos com peso inferior a 1500 g, em ventilação mecânica, antes, durante e após o cuidado mãe canguru (CMC). MÉTODOS: estudo do tipo quase experimental em que os estados comportamentais definidos como sono profundo, ativo, sonolência, alerta inativo, alerta ativo e choro de acordo com a Escala Neonatal de Brazelton foram avaliados em três momentos: 15 minutos antes do CMC, 30 minutos após o início da exposição e 15 minutos após o CMC num total de uma hora de exposição. Quarenta e quatro recém-nascidos pré-termo (poder estatístico >0,9), com idade gestacional média de 29 semanas e peso médio de 1096 g, intubados e estáveis do ponto de vista hemo-dinâmico, foram selecionados por amostra de entrada contínua. RESULTADOS: evidenciou-se o favorecimento do sono, principalmente o sono profundo (52,3%), comparado aos períodos antes (6,8%) e após (13,6%) (p<0,001) o CMC. Além disso, os recém-nascidos apresentaram sinais de dor após o CMC com diferença significativa (p=0,002). CONCLUSÕES: o cuidado mãe canguru, nas condições deste estudo, pode ser considerado como uma estratégia favorecedora para o desenvolvimento neurocomportamental.
Reprodutibilidade do questionário de avaliação de atividade física para crianças aplicado no Estudo Saúdes: Vitória
Authors: Checon Karina , Fonseca Vivian Moro , Faria Carolina Perim de , Carletti Luciana , Molina Maria del Carmen Bisi
Published: July 2011

OBJETIVOS: avaliar a reprodutibilidade de um questionário de atividade física (AF) para crianças de 7 a 10 anos em participantes do estudo Saúdes Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brasil. MÉTODOS: estudo de corte transversal realizado em uma amostra aleatória de 91 crianças matriculadas em escolas da rede pública e privada do município. Um questionário estruturado com 13 perguntas foi enviado ao domicílio do escolar para preenchimento em duas ocasiões, com intervalo de 15 dias entre elas. O teste de concordância de Kappa foi utilizado na avaliação da reprodutibilidade das variáveis qualitativas, e o teste de correlação de Pearson ou de Spearman na avaliação das variáveis quantitativas, seguido da análise de dispersão. RESULTADOS: os índices de concordância Kappa variaram de moderados a altos e foram estatisticamente significantes para todas as variáveis qualitativas, e (k= 0,72 a 0,98). Da mesma forma, os valores dos coeficientes de correlação para as respostas numéricas variaram de moderado a alto (r= 0,51 a 1,00), exceto para o tempo de uso de vídeo game e duração da prática de segunda modalidade esportiva. CONCLUSÕES: o questionário Saúdes permitiu coletar dados sobre AF com boa reprodutibilidade, porém apresentou limitações na quantificação do tempo de atividades de menor frequência diária, como o tempo de uso do vídeo game e tempo de uma segunda prática esportiva.
Neoplasia cística mucinosa do pâncreas durante a gestação: Relato de Caso
Authors: Martins Filho Euclides Dias , Lima Tiago , Jaques Raíssa P. Modesto , Guerra Gláucia V. , Adeodato Luis , Kreimer Flávio
Published: July 2011

O objetivo deste estudo é relatar o caso de uma gestante de 20 anos portadora de neoplasia cística mucinosa do pâncreas. Evidências sugerem que essa neoplasia é dependente dos hormônios estrógeno-progesterona levando a um importante crescimento durante a gestação e ainda apresentar, mesmo baixo, um potencial para degeneração maligna. O motivo deste relato é a raridade da doença associada a gestação em uma paciente tão jovem. Foi realizada pancreatectomia corpo-caudal no segundo trimestre da gestação com boa evolução materna e fetal.
Diversity of the families of Coleoptera captured with pitfall traps in five different environments in Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
Authors: Fagundes CK , Di Mare RA , Wink C. , Manfio D.
Published: July 2011

The conservationist community is giving special attention to epigean insects due to their importance in the preservation of terrestrial habitats. This work analysed the diversity, richness, abundance and similarity at the soil surface of Coleoptera composition among five environments: native forest, native grassland, Pinus elliottii plantation, Eucalyptus saligna plantation and degraded area by soil use in southern Brazil, from October 2004 to October 2005. A total of 1,812 individuals were collected, attributed to 45 morph-species and 14 families. The higher richness and abundance were observed in native forest (31 species and 782 individuals) and the lower richness and abundance in degraded area (14 species, 86 individuals). Scarabaeidae was the richest family captured, with nine morph-species, and the most frequent family was Nitidulidae (1,113 individuals). According to the Shannon-Wiener index, the degraded area had smaller diversity in relation to the native forest, E. saligna and Pinus elliottii plantations. No difference in diversity between evaluated areas was found for the Simpson diversity index. The most dominant site was the degraded. The correlation between the total number of morph-species captured was not different to the degraded area and the P. elliottii monoculture (r = 0.47) and the correlation between the total individuals number was not significant between native forest and native grassland (r = 0.46) and between degraded areas and the other sites. According to the Jaccard Similarity Index, the greatest similarity for the organism composition occurred between P. elliottii plantation and E. saligna plantation, presenting 74% of overlap.
Metal contamination in benthic macroinvertebrates in a sub-basin in the southeast of Brazil
Authors: Chiba WAC , Passerini MD , Tundisi JG
Published: July 2011

Benthic macroinvertebrates have many useful properties that make possible the use of these organisms as sentinel in biomonitoring programmes in freshwater. Combined with the characteristics of the water and sediment, benthic macroinvertebrates are potential indicators of environmental quality. Thus, the spatial occurrence of potentially toxic metals (Al, Zn, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn and Ni) in the water, sediment and benthic macroinvertebrates samples were investigated in a sub-basin in the southeast of Brazil in the city of São Carlos, São Paulo state, with the aim of verifying the metals and environment interaction with benthic communities regarding bioaccumulation. Hypothetically, there can be contamination by metals in the aquatic environment in the city due to lack of industrial effluent treatment. All samples were analysed by the USEPA adapted method and processed in an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The sub-basin studied is contaminated by toxic metals in superficial water, sediment and benthic macroinvertebrates. The Bioaccumulation Factor showed a tendency for metal bioaccumulation by the benthic organisms for almost all the metal species. The results show a potential human and ecosystem health risk, contributing to metal contamination studies in aquatic environments in urban areas.
Occurrence and distribution of the exotic lizard Hemidactylus mabouia Moreau de Jonnès, 1818 in Ilha Grande, RJ, Brazil
Authors: Rocha CFD , Bergallo HG
Published: July 2011

The gekkonid lizard Hemidactylus mabouia is an exotic species in Brazil and is found in different ecosystems. This species was recorded at Ilha Grande, RJ, one of the largest insular remains of the Atlantic Rainforest in Brazil. In this study, the occurrence of H. mabouia was determined throughout the island, including the rain forest, restinga and anthropic environments. We used the active search method in points along 19 trails that surround Ilha Grande. At each regular interval of 100 m, we searched for the presence of H. mabouia. The species was recorded in a total of 100 points among the 719 sampled and, in all cases, the occurrence of the lizard corresponded to points located in anthropic or perianthropic areas. As most of Ilha Grande is covered by dense tropical rain forest, we believe this has restricted the invasion of H. mabouia in natural environments within the island.
Apoptotic ratios and mitotic abnormalities in 17-β-estradiol-transformed human breast epithelial MCF-10F cells
Authors: Cruz LMS , Ferreira JCV , Mello MLS
Published: July 2011

Treatment of human breast epithelial cells MCF-10F with 17-β-estradiol has been reported to result in E2-transformed cells which have given rise to highly invasive C5 cells that in turn generate tumors in SCID mice. From these tumors, various cell lines, among which C5-A6-T6 and C5-A8-T8, were obtained. Although different phases of the tumorigenesis process in this model have been studied in molecular biology and image analysis assays, no cytological data on apoptotic ratios and mitotic abnormalities have been established to accompany the various steps leading to 17-β-estradiol-treated MCF-10F cells to tumorigenesis. Here we detected that the apoptotic ratio decreases with the transformation and tumorigenesis progress, except for the tumor cell line C5-A8-T8, probably on account of its more intense proliferation rate and a more rapid culture medium consumption. Increased frequency of mitotic abnormalities contributed by triple- and tetrapolar metaphases, and by lagging chromosomes and chromosome bridges observed at the anaphase found by transformation and tumorigenesis progress. However, no difference was found under these terms when the C5-A6-T6 and C5-A8-T8 tumor cell lines were compared to each other. Present findings are in agreement with the nuclear instability and enrichment of dysregulated genes in the apoptotic process promoted by transformation and tumorigenesis in 17-β-estradiol-treated MCF-10F cells.
Prevalence and intensity of infection, metacyclogenesis and nuclear phenotypes in Panstrongylus megistus (Burmeister, 1835) after ingestion of Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas, 1909) II and subjection to heat shock
Authors: Garcia SL , Rodrigues VLCC , Garcia NL , Mello MLS
Published: July 2011

This study aimed to contribute to our knowledge of the parasite-vector interaction associated with Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas, 1909) infection in Panstrongylus megistus (Burmeister, 1835), an important vector of Chagas' disease in Brazil. The prevalence and intensity of T. cruzi infection, the incidence of metacyclogenesis and the frequency of nuclear phenotypes in Malpighian tubules were investigated in nymphs of P. megistus, reared at 28 °C and subjected to heat shock (40 °C, 1 hour) two days after infection with T. cruzi II (Y strain). Following the 45-day post-infection period, the frequency of epimastigotes was much higher than that of trypomastigotes in both heat-shocked and non-shocked insects, and the prevalence of infection was not altered by heat shock. Fewer epimastigotes and trypomastigotes were found in the infected insects subjected to the heat shock, indicating that the multiplication and metacyclogenesis of the parasites were affected by the stress. In infected specimens heat shock promoted an increased frequency of cell nuclei with heterochromatin decondensation, a cell survival response to stress, and did not affect insect survival. The effects of infection and heat shock, especially on the multiplication and metacyclogenesis of T. cruzi, and the observed resistance to heat shock developed by P. megistus nymphs are suggestive that they should be considered when adequate conditions for rearing these infected insects in the laboratory are pursued.
New species of Chelonus (Microchelonus) Szépligeti, 1908 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Cheloninae) from Brazil
Authors: Nascimento AR , Penteado-Dias AM
Published: July 2011

Chelonus (Microchelonus) murici sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Cheloninae) is described in this work. It was reared from an unknown host in murici fruits, Byrsonima verbascifolia (L.) Rich. ex A. L. Juss. (Malpighiaceae), a species from the Brazilian savannah whose fruits are widely consumed by the population in northern Brazil. The adult of this new species is illustrated.
A tuberculose na infância e na adolescência é difícil de diagnosticar?
Authors: Coelho Filho João Carlos , Caribé Marwal Araújo , Caldas Simone Castro Couto , Martins Netto Eduardo
Published: July 2011

OBJETIVO: Determinar a sensibilidade do sistema de escore proposto pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil em 2002 para o diagnóstico de crianças e adolescentes com suspeita de tuberculose. MÉTODOS: Entre 1997 e 2007, 316 crianças e adolescentes (0-14 anos de idade) com diagnóstico de tuberculose pulmonar no Instituto Brasileiro de Investigação da Tuberculose, em Salvador (BA), foram incluídos no presente estudo retrospectivo. Foram revisados os prontuários médicos e as radiografias de tórax dos pacientes, e os escores foram calculados. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos sujeitos (80,4%) tinha história de contato domiciliar com adultos com BAAR positivo nos últimos dois anos. O teste tuberculínico foi negativo em 11 sujeitos (3,5%). Conforme o sistema de escore, 251 (79,4%) muito provavelmente tinham tuberculose (escores > 40), 63 (19,9%) possivelmente tinham tuberculose (escores entre 30 e 35) e 2 (0,7%) pouco provavelmente tinham tuberculose (escores < 25). A sensibilidade desse sistema de escore foi de 99,3%, com um ponto de corte de 30. CONCLUSÕES: Em nossa amostra, a sensibilidade do sistema de escore foi alta para o ponto de corte selecionado. Com um ponto de corte de 40, 20% dos sujeitos não teriam sido tratados. Portanto, escores entre 30 e 35 são críticos para a definição diagnóstica. Uma avaliação clínica judiciosa deve prevalecer para a decisão de tratar esses pacientes. Com um ponto de corte de 30, 30% dos indivíduos com outras patologias seriam tratados para tuberculose. Isto enfatiza a necessidade de melhores métodos diagnósticos para a tuberculose
Tratamento adjuvante em câncer de pulmão de células não pequenas
Authors: França Letícia Barbosa , Oliveira Márcia Aparecida , Small Isabele Ávila , Zukin Mauro , Araújo Luiz Henrique de Lima
Published: July 2011

OBJETIVO: A quimioterapia adjuvante é recomendada na maioria dos casos de câncer de pulmão de células não pequenas (CPCNP) ressecados em pacientes nos estádios II ou IIIA. No entanto, diferentes esquemas quimioterápicos contendo cisplatina foram utilizados em estudos de fase III, e a melhor escolha permanece obscura. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a experiência do Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), localizado na cidade do Rio de Janeiro (RJ), com o uso da combinação de cisplatina e etoposídeo nessa situação, com especial foco para os dados de sobrevida. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados retrospectivamente os prontuários dos pacientes com diagnóstico de CPCNP que receberam terapia adjuvante no INCA entre 2004 e 2008. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 51 pacientes, e todos foram tratados com a combinação de cisplatina e etoposídeo. A mediana de tempo de seguimento foi de 31 meses de seguimento, e a mediana de sobrevida global foi de 57 meses. Na análise univariada, a sobrevida foi inferior nos pacientes submetidos a radioterapia + quimioterapia do que aqueles somente submetidos a quimioterapia (mediana de 19 vs. 57 meses; p < 0,001), e houve uma tendência a menor sobrevida nos pacientes em estádio III em relação àqueles em estádios I-II (mediana de 34 vs. 57 meses, respectivamente; p = 0,22). Não houve associações significativas entre a sobrevida global e gênero (p = 0,70), padrão histológico (p = 0,33) ou dose de cisplatina (p = 0,13). CONCLUSÕES: Nossos resultados corroboram a utilização da quimioterapia adjuvante, e os resultados de sobrevida se aproximam daqueles descritos nos principais ensaios clínicos randomizados. Contudo, é importante o acompanhamento a longo prazo nessa população
Mortalidade e fatores associados em uma UTI de cirurgia torácica
Authors: Senturk Ekrem , Senturk Zehra , Sen Serdar , Ture Mevlut , Avkan Nursen
Published: July 2011

OBJETIVO: Determinar a mortalidade e identificar fatores de riscos associados em pacientes em uma UTI de cirurgia torácica. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados retrospectivamente 141 pacientes admitidos na UTI de cirurgia torácica do Hospital Estadual de Denizli, localizado na cidade de Denizli, Turquia, entre janeiro de 2006 e agosto de 2008. Foram coletados dados sobre gênero, idade, causa de admissão, intervenções invasivas e operações, status de ventilação mecânica invasiva, infecções e tempo de permanência na UTI. RESULTADOS: Dos 141 pacientes, 103 (73,0%) eram do sexo masculino e 38 (23,0%) do sexo feminino. A média de idade foi de 52,1 anos (variação: 12-92 anos), e a taxa de mortalidade foi de 16,3%. A causa de admissão mais frequente foi trauma. A mortalidade correlacionou-se com idade avançada (p < 0,05), uso de ventilação mecânica invasiva (OR = 42,375; p < 0,05), longa permanência na UTI (p < 0,05) e causas de admissão específicas - trauma, injúria por arma de fogo, injúria por arma branca e malignidade (p < 0,05 para todos). CONCLUSÕES: Os pacientes em uma UTI de cirurgia torácica têm alta morbidade e mortalidade. Um conhecimento maior dos fatores de risco de mortalidade pode melhorar a eficiência do tratamento, resultando em diminuição da morbidade e mortalidade, o que gerará economia de tempo e reduzirá os custos financeiros
Bolha gigante infecciosa associada a câncer de pulmão
Authors: Asai Nobuhiro , Ohkuni Yoshihiro , Matsunuma Ryo , Nakashima Kei , Iwasaki Takuya , Kaneko Norihiro
Published: July 2011

Um homem de 79 anos procurou tratamento no pronto-socorro com queixas de febre persistente, dor torácica e fadiga geral. A radiografia de tórax mostrou uma bolha gigante infecciosa (24 cm de diâmetro) no pulmão esquerdo. O paciente não tinha histórico de anormalidades em radiografias, e seu ultimo check-up médico no ano anterior não revelou anormalidades. Os procedimentos diagnósticos, incluindo broncoscopia, revelaram câncer de pulmão (carcinoma de pulmão de células grandes) no brônquio inferior esquerdo. O tumor obstruía a via aérea. Apesar de vários relatos de bolhas gigantes, a sua etiologia ainda é desconhecida. Nós sugerimos que uma obstrução, como a causada pelo tumor neste caso, pode causar aprisionamento aéreo, resultando na formação de uma bolha. No caso de uma bolha gigante que cresce rapidamente de tamanho, o câncer de pulmão deve ser incluído no diagnóstico diferencial
Interference of Redstem Filaree (Erodium cicutarium) in Sugarbeet
Authors: Odero Dennis C. , Mesbah Abdel O. , Miller Stephen D. , Kniss Andrew R.
Published: July 2011

Redstem filaree is a troublesome weed for sugarbeet growers in northern Wyoming and southern Montana. Field studies were conducted in Powell, WY, in 2006 and 2008 to determine the influence of season-long interference of various redstem filaree densities and the duration of interference on sugarbeet. Root and sucrose yield decreased with increasing redstem filaree density. The rectangular hyperbola model with the asymptote (A) bounded at 100% maximum yield reduction characterized the relationship between redstem filaree density and sugarbeet yield reduction. The estimated parameterI(percent yield reduction per unit weed density as density approaches zero) was 5% for root and sucrose yield reduction. Sugarbeet root yield decreased as the duration of redstem filaree interference increased. The critical timing of redstem filaree removal to avoid 5 and 10% root yield reduction was estimated to be 25 and 32 d after sugarbeet emergence, respectively. Redstem filaree interference did not affect the sucrose content percentage. These results demonstrate that redstem filaree is competitive with sugarbeet and should be managed appropriately to reduce negative effects on yield.
The Impacts of Fertilizer and Hexazinone on Sheep Sorrel (Rumex acetosella) Growth Patterns in Lowbush Blueberry Fields
Authors: Kennedy Karen J. , Boyd Nathan S. , Nams Vilis O. , Olson A. Randall
Published: July 2011

Sheep sorrel is an invasive, creeping perennial weed of lowbush blueberry fields that decreases yields and hinders harvest. Much of the basic phenology of sheep sorrel in blueberry fields is unknown and not documented in peer-reviewed journals. Three levels of fertilizer (0, 20, and 40 kg N ha−1) and two levels of hexazinone (0 and 1.92 kg ai ha−1) were applied to three vegetative-year blueberry fields to determine their effects on root and shoot growth, biomass allocation, and seed production of sheep sorrel plants. Hexazinone efficacy varied widely between sites, but suppressed shoot biomass, achene number and weight, and reproductive biomass, as well as the reproductive : shoot biomass ratio. Fertilizer tended to increase achene number and increased sheep sorrel shoot biomass in the absence of hexazinone, but had no effect on achene weight, root biomass, or reproductive biomass. When fertilizer was applied, sheep sorrel allocated resources to sexual reproduction at the expense of vegetative growth.
Timing of Cover-Crop Management Effects on Weed Suppression in No-Till Planted Soybean using a Roller-Crimper
Authors: Mirsky S. B. , Curran W. S. , Mortenseny D. M. , Ryany M. R. , Shumway D. L.
Published: July 2011

Integrated weed management tactics are necessary to develop cropping systems that enhance soil quality using conservation tillage and reduced herbicide or organic weed management. In this study, we varied planting and termination date of two cereal rye cultivars (‘Aroostook’ and ‘Wheeler’) and a rye/hairy vetch mixture to evaluate cover-crop biomass production and subsequent weed suppression in no-till planted soybean. Cover crops were killed with a burn-down herbicide and roller-crimper and the weed-suppressive effects of the remaining mulch were studied. Cover-crop biomass increased approximately 2,000 kg ha−1from latest to earliest fall planting dates (August 25–October 15) and for each 10-d incremental delay in spring termination date (May 1–June 1). Biomass accumulation for cereal rye was best estimated using a thermal-based model that separated the effects of fall and spring heat units. Cultivars differed in their total biomass accumulation; however, once established, their growth rates were similar, suggesting the difference was mainly due to the earlier emergence of Aroostook rye. The earlier emergence of Aroostook rye may have explained its greater weed suppression than Wheeler, whereas the rye/hairy vetch mixture was intermediate between the two rye cultivars. Delaying cover-crop termination reduced weed density, especially for early- and late-emerging summer annual weeds in 2006. Yellow nutsedge was not influenced by cover-crop type or the timing of cover-crop management. We found that the degree of synchrony between weed species emergence and accumulated cover-crop biomass played an important role in defining the extent of weed suppression.
Glyphosate Resistance in a Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) Biotype from Arkansas
Authors: Riar Dilpreet S. , Norsworthy Jason K. , Johnson Dennis B. , Scott Robert C. , Bagavathiannan Muthukumar
Published: July 2011

Johnsongrass is one of the most troublesome weeds of the world and is listed as a noxious weed in Arkansas. Reduced johnsongrass control with the recommended application rate of glyphosate (840 g ae ha−1) was reported in a continuous soybean field near West Memphis, AR, in the fall of 2007. A greenhouse study was conducted (1) to confirm and characterize glyphosate resistance in the johnsongrass biotype from West Memphis and (2) to determine whether resistant and susceptible biotypes have differential glyphosate absorption or translocation. Dose–response studies revealed that the resistant biotype was five- to seven-fold less sensitive to glyphosate than the susceptible biotype. Glyphosate absorption was similar in resistant and susceptible biotypes at 72 h after treatment (HAT). However, the treated leaf of the resistant biotype retained 28 percentage points more absorbed14C glyphosate compared to the susceptible biotype at 72 HAT. Additionally, the resistant biotype had less14C glyphosate translocated to the aboveground tissue below the treated leaf and to roots compared to the susceptible biotype at 24 and 72 HAT. Reduced translocation and increased retention of glyphosate in treated leaves is a probable mechanism of resistance in this glyphosate-resistant johnsongrass biotype.
Genetic Diversity of Iranian Clones of Common Reed (Phragmites australis) Based on Morphological Traits and RAPD Markers
Authors: Diyanat Marjan , Booshehri Ali A. S. , Alizadeh Hassan M. , Naghavi Mohammad R. , Mashhadi Hamid R.
Published: July 2011

The genetic diversity of 39 clones of common reed originating from different geographical areas of Iran were evaluated using morphological and RAPD analyses. High level of morphological variation was observed among clones. The 16 primers used in this study amplified 149 scorable RAPD loci among which 123 were polymorphic (83.1%). A dendrogram was prepared on the basis of a similarity matrix of RAPD data using the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) algorithm and separated the 39 clones into four groups, which mainly were in accordance with geographical origins. The results of the morphological comparison mostly corresponded with the results of RAPD analysis. It is possible that these variations among clones will affect successful management of common reed using chemical or the other methods of control.
Barremian bivalves from the Huitrín Formation, west-central Argentina: taxonomy and paleoecology of a restricted marine association
Authors: Lazo Dario G. , Damborenea Susana E.
Published: July 2011

The Cretaceous Huitrín Formation in west-central Argentina records the final connection of the Neuquén Basin to the Pacific Ocean. This formation is comprised of a variety of continental to marginal-marine sediments deposited behind an Andean volcanic arc under warm, arid paleoclimatic conditions. Here we focus on a bivalve fauna from carbonate ramp deposits within the Barremian La Tosca Member of the Huitrín Formation. This fauna is very abundant and widely distributed within the basin but, surprisingly, it has not yet been studied in detail. In addition, paleoenvironmental affinities remain unresolved, with the fauna variously interpreted as having freshwater, brackish, and marine affinities. We studied the fauna's taxonomy and paleoecology based on more than 500 specimens collected at ten fossil localities in combination with new field observations. The bivalve assemblage was recorded from middle to outer carbonate ramp deposits and is composed of five taxa of marine affinity:Phelopteria huitrinianan. sp.,Isognomoncf.I. nanus(Behrendsen),Placunopsis?pichin. sp.,Anthonya jarain. sp., andArgenticyprina mulensisn. gen. n. sp.; the first three may be regarded as eurytopic and/or opportunistic. Reduced diversity, low evenness, overall small size (length <4 cm), thin shells, eurytopic or opportunistic life strategies, and high endemism point to a restricted marine setting for the La Tosca Member. The most important limiting factors likely were low primary productivity and fluctuating salinity and temperature, as conditions inferred for the unit include high evaporation rates combined with low continental runoff and reduced rainfall. Thick evaporite deposits below and above La Tosca Member and thin intercalated gypsum beds support a restricted, hypersaline setting.
Rijckholtia, a new name for the genus Ryckholtia Šnajdr, 1980 (Arthropoda, Trilobita), preoccupied by Ryckholtia Fritsch, 1910 (Mollusca, Gastropoda)
Authors: Donovan Stephen K. , van den Hoek Ostende Lars W.
Published: July 2011

Šnadjr (1980, p. 76) erected the proetid trilobite subgenus Coniproteus (Ryckholtia), with the type species Proetus ryckholti Barrande, 1846, from the Silurian (Ludlow, Kopanina Formation) of the Prague Basin, Czech Republic, perhaps better known to geologists as the Barrandian type area in Bohemia. Although originally designated as a subgenus (e.g., Chlupáč et al., 1980, p. 175; Chlupáč and Kukal, 1988, p. 114; Kříž et al., 1993, p. 819), Ryckholtia Šnadjr was subsequently elevated to generic rank (e.g., Sepkoski, 2002, p. 189, 519; Jell and Adrain, 2003, p. 441, 477; Edgecombe and Wright, 2004, p. 183).
Briefing: Responsible sourcing of construction products
Authors: Glass Jacqueline
Published: July 2011

Responsible sourcing involves the procurement of products certified against sustainability criteria. This briefing explains how an academic–industry network is aiming to develop an action programme on responsible sourcing for UK construction, helping the industry achieve sustainable procurement goals, work with new framework standards and define a future research agenda.
Monitoring Social Determinants of Health Inequalities: The Impact of Unemployment among Vulnerable Groups
Authors: Puig-Barrachina Vanessa , Malmusi Davide , Martínez José Miguel , Benach Joan
Published: July 2011

Surveillance of social determinants of health inequalities is an essential but still underdeveloped issue in public health. Existing research has identified unemployment as an important social determinant of health inequalities. This cross-sectional study investigates the impact of unemployment on mental health outcomes among vulnerable groups, using the 2006 Catalonian Health Survey (N = 8,591). The authors estimate the prevalence ratios and differences (excess of prevalence) for poor mental health in the unemployed and employed, with 95 percent confidence intervals. After taking into account the interactions among social mechanisms of inequality and related factors, the authors identified seven vulnerable groups to monitor. Primary findings indicate that unemployment has a greater adverse effect on the mental health of male manual workers, single mothers, main-earner women, and manual workers without unemployment benefits for both sexes. Findings support the need to devote more research to the surveillance of unemployment as a social determinant of health inequalities, to identify additional unemployment indicators, and to consider how various social mechanisms of inequality interact with each other to produce health inequalities among vulnerable groups.
Sparse Canonical Covariance Analysis for High-throughput Data
Authors: Lee Woojoo , Lee Donghwan , Lee Youngjo , Pawitan Yudi
Published: July 2011

Canonical covariance analysis (CCA) has gained popularity as a method for the analysis of two sets of high-dimensional genomic data. However, it is often difficult to interpret the results because canonical vectors are linear combinations of all variables, and the coefficients are typically nonzero. Several sparse CCA methods have recently been proposed for reducing the number of nonzero coefficients, but these existing methods are not satisfactory because they still give too many nonzero coefficients. In this paper, we propose a new random-effect model approach for sparse CCA; the proposed algorithm can adapt arbitrary penalty functions to CCA without much computational demands. Through simulation studies, we compare various penalty functions in terms of the performance of correct model identification. We also develop an extension of sparse CCA to address more than two sets of variables on the same set of observations. We illustrate the method with an analysis of the NCI cancer dataset.
School District Partner Choice in Emergency Management Collaboration
Authors: Robinson Scott E
Published: July 2011

Successful emergency planning and response requires the cooperation of a broad array of partners. The literature on collaboration and social networks provides conflicting predictions about how organizations choose partners. One tradition focuses on the powerful role of similarity (or homophily) as predicting partner choices. A contrasting tradition argues that rational organizations will choose partners both unlike themselves and unlike their other partners to ensure that each collaboration provides access to unique resources. This article starts with the question of how an organization whose primary responsibilities are not focused on emergency management chooses partners when they respond to and prepare for emergencies. Using a survey of school districts in Texas immediately following Hurricanes Katrina and Rita in 2005, the article assesses the priority of partner choice. The results indicate that school districts choose partners largely on the basis of strategic difference, though there is some evidence of homophily.
Assessment of an Emergency Disaster Response to Floods in Agadez, Niger
Authors: Freeman John A , Tobin Graham A
Published: July 2011

The ubiquitous nature of disasters presents many challenges in providing effective emergency response to build community sustainability. Limited availability of resources, the need to coordinate and distribute relief aid, and the involvement of different organizations, especially at the international level, complicate policy and response efforts. The goal of this research is to model the effectiveness of emergency response provided by one sector, humanitarian organizations. This project looks at response to a flood in Agadez, Niger, and an adjacent rural community. Following the disaster, a non‐governmental organization, Shelter Box, responded immediately, distributing tents, cooking utensils, and supplies to survivors. A questionnaire was conducted of 100 households that received such aid. Results show that such temporary disaster relief helped recipients feel safe, helped rebuild lives, and helped make families feel normal again. The tents and supplies had been put to various uses; many still being used as dwellings while others were stored for cooler seasons. Emergency response was particularly effective in rural areas, where supplies were utilized to the fullest extent. These baseline indicators will guide further research to determine the effectiveness of humanitarian aid under different disaster scenarios and in contrasting contexts, and hence lead to improved policies.
Managing Risk through Liability, Regulation, and Innovation: Organizational Design for Spill Containment in Deepwater Drilling Operations
Authors: Richardson Nathan D , Macauley Molly , Cohen Mark A , Anderson Robert , Stern Adam
Published: July 2011

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in April 2010 led to the deaths of 11 workers, a six‐month moratorium on deepwater drilling in the Gulf, and nearly three months of massive engineering and logistics efforts to stop the spill. The series of failures before the well was finally capped and the spill contained revealed an inability of both government and industry to deal effectively with a well in deepwater. Because drilling at this depth and even deeper depths is expected to provide a sizeable share of global oil and gas supply in the future, ensuring that deepwater and ultradeepwater containment capabilities adequately protect the public is a salient challenge for policymakers. In this article we consider long‐term readiness for deepwater spill containment. We assess organizational design, including the Marine Well Containment Company (MWCC), an industry consortium developed in the aftermath of the accident to contain future deepwater spills in the Gulf. We focus on two separate but related determinants of readiness: the roles of liability and regulation, and the adequacy of incentives for technological innovation in oil spill containment technology (to keep pace with advances in deepwater drilling capability). We find that without additional provisions in place to ensure innovation in containment technology and readiness, industry might meet near‐term minimum regulatory standards but still fail to meet the larger social need for innovation.
Physical properties of compressive knits compound with different matters impregnated by microcapsules moisturizing
Authors: Fadhel Jaâfar , Mahdi Sahnoun , Morched Cheikhrouhou
Published: July 2011

The compressive knits include a very varied group of different device
functions, from the more merely (protection) to the more developed (scars
improvement, skin hydration?). We combined two therapy forms the pressure and
the hydration of burned skin. We essayed to reunite the advantages of two
techniques pressure and hydration in only one and the same instrument in the
form of compressive knit with microencapsulated surface. The compressive
knits are elaborated with different textile matters such us Cotton/Spandex,
Polyester/Spandex, Polyamide/Spandex, Viscose/Spandex and
Cotton/Polyester/Spandex. The hydration product chosen in this application is
the Jojoba Oil. The microcapsules were prepared according to the Phase
Separation Method. The physical properties such us the Pressure, the Mass per
Area, the Thickness, the Air Permeability and the Adiathermic Power are
tested. According to the results, we conclude that the knits are compressive,
comfort, smooth, no allergen, thinness and washable. The raw materials
selected for the samples studied are biocompatible with human skin.
Research on discovering deep web entries
Authors: Wang Ying , Li Huilai , Zuo Wanli , He Fengling , Wang Xin , Chen Kerui
Published: July 2011

Ontology plays an important role in locating Domain-Specific Deep Web
contents, therefore, this paper presents a novel framework WFF for
efficiently locating Domain-Specific Deep Web databases based on focused
crawling and ontology by constructing Web Page Classifier(WPC), Form
Structure Classifier(FSC) and Form Content Classifier(FCC) in a hierarchical
fashion. Firstly, WPC discovers potentially interesting pages based on
ontology-assisted focused crawler. Then, FSC analyzes the interesting pages
and determines whether these pages subsume searchable forms based on
structural characteristics. Lastly, FCC identifies searchable forms that
belong to a given domain in the semantic level, and stores these URLs of
Domain- Specific searchable forms to a database. Through a detailed
experimental evaluation, WFF framework not only simplifies discovering
process, but also effectively determines Domain-Specific databases.