bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The (Im)possibility of Education: Theory and Method in Paolo Freire’s Pedagogy of the Oppressed and Gayatri Spivak’s Righting Wrongs
Authors: Svensson Fredrik
Published: January 2024

Postcolonial critics Paulo Freire (1921–1997) and Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak (1942–) have both made attempts at offering pedagogical formulas that take into account the student’s experiences in order to oust oppressive tendencies from the classroom, and at first glance, many of their ideas seem close to identical: Freire speaks dismissively of “banking” education (75), and Spivak rejects rote learning (“Righting” 551); Freire argues that a reconciliation of the teacher-student contradiction is a prerequisite for proper education (all participants need to be “teachers and students” simultaneously [53]), and Spivak exhorts the educator to “learn to learn from below” (548). In other words, both scholars advocate a pedagogy whose “very legitimacy lies in…dialogue” (Freire 109), and they both undertake what this text labels a methodological leap from theory to practice. The aim of this article, then, is to find out how or to what extent Freire and Spivak render their pedagogical theories practicable and whether they manage to circumvent the danger of transference, of imposing the educator’s agenda on the learner. The article’s response to this question is no, in Freire’s case, and yes, but only provisionally, in Spivak’s. When Freire puts his teacher in charge of deciding what voices in the classroom should be heard and what voices should be gagged, he leaves the door open for renewed oppression and a mere turning of the tables, clearly against the grain of his own line of argument. Spivak, on the other hand, leaves no loopholes for oppressive tendencies in her methodology; however, as she usually shuns “the production of models [of practice] as such,” withdraws her own formulas, and uses deconstruction as a “safeguard against the repression or exclusion of ‘alterities,” her settling for a certain praxis can only be temporary and provisional (“Can the Subaltern” 103, Norton 2110).
Long Distance Marriage to Keep Sakinah's Family Established
Authors: Mahfudz Muhammad Sahal
Published: January 2024

The family is created as a result of a marriage performed by a man and woman who have fulfilled the requirements. The sakinah family is everyone's dream. But in reality creating a sakinah family is so difficult, one of which is for families with different places to live. Distance and time create problems for wife married couples because they cannot meet physically. It creates an obstacle for husband and wife to exercise their rights and obligations. Many married couples in running relationships experience problems, both couples who live together or couples who live differently. Couples who live differently, usually due to work, economic, and educational factors. As for ways that can keep the family well established, then the couple must do openness, mutual trust, and also communications that the family is maintained well and peacefully.  This research uses a mixture of qualitative and quantitative methods.  Then in the analysis the researcher uses the theory of social construction. In the results of this study there are several ways and solutions for family life in different places of residence, namely: 1) understanding and understanding marriage, 2) confidence and openness, 3) good communication between families, 4) commitment to the couple, and 5) deliberation and consensus before marriage.   The results of this study are expected to have an impact on families of different places of residence, in order to remain sakinah families.
A sustentabilidade fiscal dos estados brasileiros: uma avaliaçâo da lei responsabilidade fiscal entre 2000 e 2017
Authors: Lima Ribeiro Washington Luis , Macedo Simões Jorge Eduardo
Published: January 2024

O presente estudo avalia a sustentabilidade fiscal dos estados brasileiros no contexto da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal, objetivando verificar se o limite de endividamento estipulado por ela contribuiu para a promoção da sustentabilidade fiscal. Para tanto, estima-se uma função de reação fiscal com a inclusão de efeitos Threshold, numa estrutura de painel balanceado entre 2000 e 2017. Os resultados empíricos evidenciam que, no contexto da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal, o saldo primário alcançado pelos estados brasileiros, média de 0.007 do PIB, não tem sido satisfatório para inibir o crescimento da dívida pública.
La transormación digital de la industria argentina: un estudio exploratorio del sector de maquinaria para alimentos
Authors: Lachman Jeremías , Stubrin Lilia
Published: January 2024

El artículo analiza el proceso de transformación digital y de adopción de tecnologías 4.0 en el sector de maquinaria para alimentos en Argentina. A través de un abordaje de estudio de caso se analizan las dinámicas de incorporación de tecnologías digitales en este sector. Los resultados encuentran heterogeneidad en la transformación digital entre las empresas analizadas, y sugieren que la demanda es un factor crucial en alentar este proceso. Los resultados contribuyen a la literatura que ha comenzado a documentar la dinámica de construcción de capacidades digitales en el sector manufacturero en la región, y provee insumos para el diseño y la formulación de políticas orientadas a promover la industria 4.0 en países emergentes.
El Rol del Programa de Desarrollo de la ITF para la Formación de Entrenadores
Authors: Miley Dave
Published: January 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar la labor que está realizando la ITF para mejorar la calidad de la formación de entrenadores en todo el mundo. Este artículo analiza tres aspectos clave del Programa de formación de entrenadores de la ITF: 1) La ITF y su participación mundial en los cursos de entrenadores. 2) La importancia de las Conferencias de la ITF para entrenadores - tanto Regionales como Mundiales. 3) Los recursos para la formación de entrenadores elaborados por la ITF .
Desarrollo motor sin estereotipos de género en la etapa de descubrimiento del tenis
Authors: Avilés Carlos , Ramírez-Rico Elena , Zapatero Ayuso Jorge Agustín
Published: January 2024

Presentamos el desarrollo motor como el elemento central del desarrollo integral del niño/a en la etapa preescolar, también transferible a la educación primaria. El movimiento y las adquisiciones motrices facilitan nuevos aprendizajes como el que se produce en el ámbito social. Así, mediante la motricidad el niño/a incrementa sus interacciones con los demás lo que otorga oportunidades para establecer relaciones de género positivas con los compañeros/as de clase. El propósito de este artículo es proporcionar conocimientos y recomendaciones para que el profesorado que imparte clases de mini-tenis en centros de educación o clubes de tenis disponga de recursos educativos que le permitan enseñar con equidad en un contexto de mayor igualdad de género. El lector constatará dos hechos relevantes: primero, que el ser humano comienza a mostrar diferencias de género al elegir un juego muy pronto, hacia los dos años; segundo, comprenderá que las raquetas en sí mismas, al igual que las pelotas y los colores no tienen género. A lo largo del texto se presentarán algunos ejemplos de estereotipos de género que le ayudarán a comprender mejor esta problemática que limita el desarrollo de los niños/as y que forma parte de nuestra sociedad actual.
How important is the coach-created motivational climate on player longevity?
Authors: Moulds Kylie
Published: January 2024

Coaches are considered the architects of sustained participation and performance in sport, often responsible for implementing the structure and content of training and competition over short- and long-term periods. Further, coaches can also influence the design and nature of social interactions and experiences. Appleton et al. (2016) refers to such coaching environments, created intentionally or unintentionally, as ‘coach-created motivational climates,’ given their impact on player motivation (or lack of). This article initially describes the research that supports empowering coach-created motivational climates, an evidence-based approach to developing and sustaining player motivation. An empowering climate is characterised by coach behaviours of high task involvement, autonomy and social support and low ego control. The article then highlights how tennis coaches can implement and review empowering coaching principles, promoting positive health development and player longevity.
INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACEUTICS
Authors: Kumar Prof. (Dr.) Umesh
Published: January 2024

Pharmaceutics, integral to the pharmaceutical industry, encompasses the development, formulation, and manufacturing of medicines for optimal therapeutic outcomes. This multifaceted field, rooted in traditional medicine, has evolved with scientific advancements, incorporating chemistry, biology, and engineering. Central to pharmaceutics is the design of pharmaceutical dosage forms, including oral, topical, and parenteral forms, tailored for accurate drug administration. These dosage forms offer advantages such as targeted delivery, improved patient compliance, and prolonged release. Challenges, including stability and taste masking, prompt ongoing innovations like 3D printing and personalized medicine. Pharmaceutics is pivotal in bridging drug discovery and patient treatment, ensuring safe and effective medication delivery. Future trends include advanced drug delivery systems and green manufacturing, reflecting an ever-evolving landscape responding to technological advances and patient needs.
SCOPE OF PHARMACY
Authors: Kumar Mr. Ashok , Hafeez Prof. (Dr.) Abdul
Published: January 2024

The scope of pharmacy as a profession is diverse and esteemed, encompassing roles crucial to society in pharmaceutical, medical, nursing, teaching, and engineering domains. Pharmacists, equipped with specialized knowledge and practical skills, engage in varied activities ranging from medication dispensing and manufacturing to accountancy and management. For diploma students, career options include community and wholesale pharmacy, hospital roles, lab technicians, higher education, marketing, and production assistance. Graduates and postgraduates find opportunities in hospital care, research and development, analysis and testing, marketing, regulatory affairs, health insurance, and pharmaceutical journalism. The spectrum extends to roles in community pharmacy, wholesale distribution, production, clinical trials, and top-level management positions in pharmaceutical industries. The diverse career paths underscore the dynamic and impactful nature of pharmacy in addressing healthcare needs.
PHARMACEUTICAL AIDS: AN OVERVIEW
Authors: Ahmad Dr. Shmmon , Samanta Mr. Subhdeep
Published: January 2024

This exploration provides an overview of pharmaceutical aids, substances with minimal pharmacological effects crucial for formulating diverse dosage forms. Classified into categories such as buffers, antioxidants, and colorants, these aids adhere to high-quality standards. The article emphasizes organoleptic agents, including colouring agents (e.g., Titanium dioxide) and flavouring agents (e.g., Benzaldehyde for cherry flavour). Additionally, it details diluents, binders, disintegrating agents, and lubricants like Microcrystalline Cellulose-Avicel and Magnesium stearate. Sweetening agents (e.g., saccharine) and solvents play vital roles in enhancing taste and overall product composition.
LIQUID ORAL PREPARATIONS: SOLUTIONS, SYRUPS, ELIXIRS, EMULSIONS, SUSPENSIONS, AND DRY POWDERS FOR RECONSTITUTION
Authors: Deva Prof. (Dr.) Varsha , Raghav Ms. Shelly
Published: January 2024

Liquid oral preparations constitute a diverse category of pharmaceutical dosage forms for oral drug administration. This chapter comprehensively explores solutions, syrups, elixirs, emulsions, suspensions, and dry powders for reconstitution. Solutions offer rapid drug absorption, clarity, and stability. Syrups, with advantages like ease of administration and taste masking, may face challenges related to storage conditions and sugar content. Elixirs, hydroalcoholic and pleasantly flavoured, ensure rapid absorption. Emulsions, characterized by biphasic oil-water compositions, cater to poorly water-soluble drugs. Suspensions, heterogeneous mixtures, suit insoluble drugs. Dry powders for reconstitution offer storage convenience and precise dosing, necessitating preservative considerations. Quality control and stability assessments play a pivotal role in ensuring the safety and efficacy of these liquid oral formulations.
STERILE FORMULATIONS - INJECTABLE, EYE DROPS AND EYE OINTMENTS
Authors: Kumar Prof. (Dr.) Umesh , Ahmad Dr. Shmmon
Published: January 2024

This chapter provides an in-depth exploration of sterile formulations crucial for parenteral administration and ophthalmic applications. Sterile injectables, ranging from aqueous solutions to powders, demand meticulous formulation considerations emphasizing sterility, compatibility, and stability. Eye drops, sterile ophthalmic solutions, prioritize characteristics like isotonicity and preservatives, with tailored viscosity. Eye ointments, sterile semisolid preparations, offer prolonged ocular retention, and their formulation considers sterile bases and API content uniformity. Stringent quality control, encompassing sterility, pyrogen absence, and microbial challenge testing, ensures the safety and efficacy of these sterile pharmaceutical preparations.
The Chemical Composition and Antidiabetic, Neuroprotective and Cytotoxic Activities of Soft Hulls (Mesocarp) of Pistachio (Pistacia vera) Fruits
Authors: Mehmet Akyuz Mehmet Akyuz , Lawali Yabo Dambagi Lawali Yabo Dambagi , Basak Simitcioglu Basak Simitcioglu , Isik Didem Karagoz Isik Didem Karagoz , Tuba Aydin Tuba Aydin , Gonca Gokdemir Gonca Gokdemir , Ahmet Cakir and Cavit Kazaz Ahmet Cakir and Cavit Kazaz
Published: January 2024

Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) is an important cultivated plant in the Southeastern Anatolia region and its fruits are widely used in the food industry. The previous studies mostly focused on the food minerals and components. However, there is no study on chemical components and biological activity of the soft hulls of the pistachio fruits. In this study, it was focused on the acetone and water extracts of the soft hulls of pistachio fruits. Hence, the acetone extract was subjected to sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and fractioned into five fractions (Frs. A-E) according to molecular weight of components. A triterpen compound isolated from the Fr. B by crystallation method and its chemical structure was characterized as masticadienonic acid by spectroscopic methods. The fractions contain a mixture of the anacardic acids 13:1, 15:2, 15:1 and 17:1 and their derivatives according to their spectroscopic data and GC-MS analysis. Shikimic acid used in the synthesis of the oseltamivir, antiviral agent was also purified at high yield (14.36%) from the water extract of the soft hulls of pistachio fruits.

In order to explore the antidiabetic properties of the pure compounds, the extracts and the fractions, their inhibition effects were determined on the activities of digestive enzymes (α-glucosidase and α-amylase). All of the extracts, masticadienonic acid and the fractions containing the anacardic acids strongly inhibited the α-glucosidase activity much more than acarbose. However, all applications exhibited much weaker inhibitory properties againts α-amylase, as compaired to the inhibition effect of the acarbose. Furthermore, the treatments of mesocarps of Pistachio fruits acted as much weaker inhibitors against AChE, whereas the acetone extract and its fractions containing different rates of anacardic acids were powerful agents against BChE as strong as neostigmine and galantamine. The cytotoxic activities of the extracts and the compounds against HUVEC, A549 and H1299 cells were also determined using the MTT analysis method and it was determined that the acetone extract and the compounds, masticadienonic and shikimic acids showed cytotoxic effects on the cells
Teachers’ Perceptions of Students who Bully Teachers: A Pilot Study in Lebanon
Authors: Ghada M. Awada, Leah Itani, Ahmad Oweini
Published: January 2024

Teachers frequently face disruptive bullying behaviors from various stakeholders in schools, leading to significant loss of classroom instruction time. This study focuses on exploring teachers' perceptions of bullying by students, which is often overlooked in discussions about school bullying. The research employs both qualitative and quantitative methods, utilizing focused-group interviews, individual interviews with bullied teachers, and questionnaires. 53 teachers participated in the questionnaires, with 10 agreeing to be interviewed. The findings emphasize the necessity of acknowledging different forms of bullying, appropriately addressing incidents, and implementing preventive measures to discourage such behavior and promote inclusivity. This study recommends further exploration in other Lebanese schools to comprehend this issue in diverse settings. Additionally, future research could involve collecting data from students' perspectives to better understand the dynamics of bullying teachers.
IMPLEMENTASI BLENDED LEARNING DI MASA PANDEMIC PADA TK AL FALAH DANASRI
Authors: Purwati Titi , Lathifah Inayatul
Published: January 2024

Banyak tantangan dan permasalahan yang dihadapi pada saat pembelajaran online di masa pandemi, seperti kurangnya minat siswa dalam belajar. Model blended learning merupakan salah satu alternatif pembelajaran selama pandemi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi model blended learning di TK Al Falah. Metode penelitian ini adalah deksriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa TK Al Falah dan objek penelitian ini adalah Implementasi Blended Learning di TK AL Fatah. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah menggunakan purposive sampling yaitu guru dan siswa di kelas TK B. Teknik analsis data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah observasi lapangan, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Simpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah 1) implementasi blended learning di TK AL Falah menggabungkan model pembelajaran online (zoom meeting, whatsapp group dan youtube) serta menggunakan pembelajaran tatap muka terbatas yang terbagi menjadi dua sesi setiap pertemuannya, 2) Pemilihan media pembelajaran zoom meeting, WhatsApp group dan youtube untuk pembelajaran online berdasarkan kesepakatan orang tua murid dan pihak sekolah, 3) Pembelajaran tatap muka terbatas pada siswa berjalan sesuai dengan aturan dan siswa sangat antusias mengikuti pembelajaran di kelas.
Solar Water Heating: Comprehensive Review, Critical Analysis and Case Study
Authors: Herez Amal
Published: January 2024

The increasing global demand for renewable energy sources underscores the significance of Solar Water Heating
Systems (SWHS), emphasizing the need for thorough research and analysis in this domain. SWHS play a pivotal role in addressing energy efficiency and environmental sustainability, making it imperative to conduct in-depth studies on their utilization. Hence, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of SWHS. It starts by explaining the principles behind these systems, including their components and classification. Moreover, this review consolidates various studies that have been conducted on SWHS to highlight both their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, a case study is conducted in which it takes into consideration important economic and environmental factors. In particular, it focuses on several scenarios present in Lebanon such as family homes, schools, restaurants hotels and gyms to estimate potential cost savings achieved through implementing SWHS as opposed to relying solely on electric heaters. Furthermore, this investigation also examines the corresponding payback period associated with adopting SWHS along with assessing the significant reduction in carbon dioxide emissions possible if these systems were widely implemented. The findings of the study demonstrate that there is a direct correlation between the extent to which SWHS are utilized and both the payback period and reduction in CO2 emissions. It was observed that when SWHS are used more frequently, with a high percentage of time (Pr=0.9), significant advantages can be achieved. For instance, for different types of establishments such as family homes, schools, restaurants, hotels, and gyms, it was estimated that average payback periods would be 14.2 years, 4.6 years, 9.2 years, 4.4 years, and 5.3 years, respectively. These results indicate that adopting a greater dependency on SWHSs not only leads to quicker cost recovery but also significantly contributes towards reducing carbon dioxide emissions. The analysis reveals that the yearly decrease in carbon dioxide emissions per individual is 0.16 t within a household, 0.016 t per student in an educational institution, 0.04 t per customer within a dining establishment, 0.37 t for each occupied bed in a hotel accommodation, and 0.11 t per individual at a gym. This paper serves as guidelines to SWH community. Additionally, it adds a practical insights into economic and environmental issues relevant to both Lebanon and countries with similar climates.
ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS ACCUMULATION IN PERENNIAL LEGUMES (WHITE CLOVER AND RED CLOVER) IN THE COPȘA MICĂ AREA, ROMANIA
Authors: OPREA Bogdan Ștefan , COSTEA Mihaela , CARABULEA Vera , VRÎNCEANU Nicoleta Olimpia , MOTELICĂ Dumitru-Marian , FUDULU Ionuț Daniel , PLOPEANU Georgiana Iuliana
Published: January 2024

The impact of heavy metals on perennial legumes, just like on other plant species, can be detrimental and has several ecological and agricultural implications. The ability of perennial legumes to fix atmospheric nitrogen through symbiotic interactions with nitrogen-fixing bacteria in their root nodules makes them a significant group of plants. The present study aims to evaluate the total concentration of heavy metals (cadmium, lead, copper, and zinc) in red and white clover plants harvested from grasslands located in heavily polluted areas (Copșa Mică, Axente Sever, Valea Viilor, Micăsasa and Târnava). White clover (Trifolium repens L.) recorded Cd content values between 0.06 - 3.53 mg/kg dry weight, Cu had values between 4.09 - 33.4 mg/kg dry weight, Pb content was between 0.18 - 4.77 mg/kg dry weight and Zn had values between 38 - 186 mg/kg dry weight. Regarding red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) the heavy metal content values were as follows: for Cd (0.08 - 3.38 mg/ kg d.w), for Cu (6.03 - 13.5 mg/kg d.w), for Pb (0.13 – 2.34 mg/kg d.w), for Zn (33.1 - 169 mg/kg d.w). Our results show that clover species harvested from grasslands in these geographical areas have high levels of heavy metals due to metallurgical activities. Grazing in these areas affected by heavy metal pollution can pose serious health problems for animals and later for humans through consumption of their products.
中學體育教師在素養導向體育課程設計歷程的理解與反思
Authors: 陳萩慈 陳萩慈 , Chiu-Tsu Chen 掌慶維 , Ching-Wei Chang 李宏盈
Published: January 2024

十二年國民基本教育所欲培育的核心素養為各學科的重要依據，惟中學體育教師對素養導向課程概念常未能有效與其教學實踐有效連結。依此，本研究運用逆向式課程設計（backward design），採逆向發展的設計與課程校準，引導教師朝向情境化、脈絡化、整合式的學習經驗設計，協助體育教師建立素養導向課程的深入理解概念，作為後續支持中學體育教師專業發展與實踐之參考。本研究選取5位中學體育教師及1位體育師資培育教授為研究對象，組織4次實務社群會議。資料蒐集採半結構式訪談、參與觀察、持續比較和歸納分析資料。結果顯示：一、社群運作初期，教師感到教學與評量間的矛盾，評量仍著重於技能學習；二、社群運作中，教師將目標設定、學習評量以及學習內容來回校準，嘗試化解「既有現場教學經驗」與「探究學習」間的矛盾，但對於素養導向評量概念尚未純熟；三、社群運作結束後，教師給予逆向式課程設計正向的評價，但在教學實踐上仍有挑戰與困難。逆向式的課程設計有利於化解教師對於素養導向在知識概念與教學行動經驗間的衝突，在教師社群共備之下，持續進行專業教學對話與反思，成為素養導向體育教師增能培力之新策略。

The core competencies that 12-year Compulsory Education aims to develop are the basis of the curriculum development for each subject. Competence-based Physical Education （CBPE）curriculum, however, has not yet been popularized and implemented. The purpose of this study was to examine the backward design, and structure of the physical education unit intended to enhance physical education teachers’ understanding and practical application of competency-oriented curriculum design. Five secondary school physical education teachers and one physical education teacher education professor was selected for this study, and four learning communities were organized. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, participant observation, continuous comparison, and inductive analysis. Results were as follows: (1) In the initial community, teachers identified a contradiction between teaching and assessment, although assessments still emphasized skill acquisition; (2) During the community operation, teachers worked towards aligning the curriculum with learning objectives, assessment methods, and learning content, aiming to address the tension between "field teaching experience" and "inquiry learning"; however, they were not yet familiar with the CBPE assessment concept; (3) After the community operation, teachers provided positive feedback on the backward design approach, but encountered challenges and difficulties in implementing it during their teaching practice. Through the co-planning mechanism of teacher learning communities, which encourages dialogue and reflection in Physical Education classes, becoming a competence-based physical education teacher becomes a new strategy for enhancing abilities and training.
我國人工智慧倫理守則芻議
Authors: 張凱鑫 張凱鑫
Published: January 2024

為了回應各界要求在人工智慧（Artificial Intelligence，以下簡稱「AI」）領域內或要求AI技術本身應遵守倫理的氛圍，本文擬從2017年起至2021年止各界公開的多數AI倫理指針中，選擇影響力較大的主要指針，綜合觀察、比較這些倫理指針如何處理：「以人為本／人權／人的尊嚴／幸福福祉」、「公平性、非歧視、多元包容」、「透明性、可問責性、信賴性」、「濫用、誤用」、「隱私與個人資料保護與代理」、「AI的人為控制可能性、安全性與人為干預機會的保留」、「頑健性與安防保全」、「教育、素養與說明、對話」、「國際協調合作與反獨占」、「SDGs」、「軍事利用」、「法律定位」等倫理議題，並比較我國於2019年公布之人工智慧科研發展指引，希望能從中歸納出當前有關各該議題的核心內涵，以為完善我國AI倫理守則盡一己之力。

 
我國社區式長照服務督導之職能建構
Authors: 王怡分 王怡分 , Yi-Fen Wang 李易駿
Published: January 2024

本研究旨在探討我國社區式長照服務督導人員的角色定位與職能要求，以提升整體服務品質，為長期照顧服務人才培育提供重要啟示。首先以焦點團體訪談進行資料蒐集，其次進行德懷術問卷調查，以建構社區式照顧服務督導的職能，並使指標達到一致性與完整性。受訪者認為，社區式長照服務督導的角色定位於照顧服務員的直屬主管，以監督服務實施、確保服務品質、連結跨專業服務及管理基層人員等為職務內涵。職責架構可分為督導服務、跨專業協調及部門管理三大層面，共涵蓋七項主要職責、十六項工作任務及三十七項行為指標。本研究建構的督導職能具有完整架構，可提供長照政策發展之依據，以健全長期照顧的人才培育制度。

 

This study aimed to examine the role definition and required competencies of community-based long-term care service supervisors in Taiwan to enhance service quality and offer valuable insights for workforce development in long-term care. First, focus group interviews were conducted to gather data. Second, Delphi technique-based questionnaire surveys were performed, which helped establish the supervisors’ competencies and ensured the consistency and completeness of the indicators.

The interviewees suggested that supervisors should act as direct managers of care attendants, overseeing service delivery, maintaining service quality, facilitating interdisciplinary services, and managing entry-level personnel. The job responsibility framework is categorized into three tiers: supervisory services, interdisciplinary coordination, and department management. These include seven key responsibilities, 16 work tasks, and 37 behavioral indicators. The comprehensive competency framework developed by this study can inform long-term care policy and improve the talent development system within the sector.

 
臺灣長期照顧機構促參案可行性評估經驗之研究
Authors: 孫智辰 孫智辰 , 賴添福 賴添福
Published: January 2024

本研究以個案研究方法為主，以「台灣促參顧問有限公司」為研究對象，透過深度訪談及文件分析了解其執行可行性評估之經驗。研究發現：市場可行性之定位以社區及創新服務為主；影響潛在廠商投資的因素在於期初投資、權利金及土地租金，以及照顧人力。其次，技術可行性必須把成本與原物料漲幅納入工程費用。第三，有關長照法令競合之適法性問題。第四，土地可行性需釐清地用與地權及建蔽率及容積率項目。第五，財務可行性在於基本參數假設及人力成本計算。研究建議：以社會設計為基礎規劃照顧模式、引入智慧照顧科技、瞭解土地使用規範、人力費用適法性影響成本估算、建立風險管理機制、建立彈性收費機制、建立長照促參案相關人員培訓機制。

 

This study employed an in-depth interview and document analysis, assisted by Taiwan Consulting, Ltd. . Results revealed that community and innovative services were major contributors to market feasibility. The factors revealed to influence private investments included initial investment, premiums and land rent, and labor required for care services. To achieve technical feasibility, increases in costs and raw material prices should be incorporated in project budgeting. Furthermore, the legitimacy of conflicts against the Long-Term Care Services Act is essential. To accomplish land feasibility, distinguishing differences between the right of land use and ownership and those between building coverage ratio and building bulk are necessary. The key to financial feasibility lies in hypotheses about fundamental parameters and labor cost calculations. In conclusion, this study recommends building care models, adopting intelligent technologies, understanding land-use norms, making estimates on labor cost budgeting, building risk-management mechanisms, developing flexible charging mechanisms, and setting up training mechanisms.

 
新冠肺炎疫情對高齡者身體活動與心理健康影響之探討
Authors: 王怡芬 王怡芬 , 吳貞瑩 吳貞瑩 , 李佩芯 李佩芯 , 江勁政 江勁政
Published: January 2024

目的：以敘事評論方式針對新冠肺炎疫情對高齡者身體活動與心理健康影響進行探討，並提供疫情期間維持身體活動及心理健康之建議。方法：以2020-2021年期刊為範圍，透過PubMed、Google學術及華藝線上圖書館等資料庫，英文關鍵字為COVID-19, elderly, social isolation, physical activity, mental health，中文關鍵字為新冠肺炎、高齡者、社交隔離、身體活動、心理健康進行搜尋。結果：共篩選23篇文獻納入敘事評論探討，新冠肺炎疫情缺乏身體活動對高齡者的負面影響，包括身體活動時間減少，坐著的時間增加，染疫風險及染疫後住院機率及死亡率皆增加。對高齡者心理健康的負面影響，包括焦慮、憂鬱、睡眠品質下降。增進高齡者身體活動之建議，除了多元運動訓練外，可利用線上課程或體感遊戲進行鍛鍊，並利用家務勞動減少久坐行為。增進心理健康之建議，可利用手機應用程式等數位產品增加人際的互動，並保持規律睡眠及搭配芳香療法，以減少憂鬱，增進睡眠品質。結論：新冠肺炎疫情對於身體活動及心理健康皆有負面影響，企盼高齡者在疫情期間可以多動少坐增進身體活動量，並多利用數位資源與人互動減輕壓力，維持身、心健康。

 

Purpose: A narrative reviews on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the physical activity and mental health of the elderly and provides advice on maintaining physical activity and mental health during the pandemic. Methods: Taking 2020-2021 journals as the scope, searching through databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar and Airiti Library, with Chinese and English keywords for COVID-19, elderly, social isolation, physical activity, mental health. Results: A total of 23 articles were screened for inclusion in narrative reviews. The negative effects of physical inactivity of the COVID-19 pandemic on the elderly, including reduced physical activity time, increased sitting time, increased risk of infection, and increased hospitalization and mortality after infection. Negative effects on mental health of older adults, including anxiety, depression and reduced sleep quality. In addition to multicomponent exercise, it is recommended to use online courses or somatosensory video games for exercise, and use housework to reduce sedentary behavior. Suggestions for improving mental health, using digital products such as mobile apps to increase interpersonal interaction, and maintaining regular sleep and matching aromatherapy to reduce depression and improve sleep quality. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has a negative impact on physical activity and mental health. It is hoped that the elderly can move more and sit less to increase physical activity during the pandemic, and use digital resources to interact with people to reduce stress and maintain physical and mental health.

 
師資培育學程選擇動機與學習成就的關係：以教育專業科目在校成績與教師資格考試表現為例
Authors: 鄧鈞文 鄧鈞文 , 陳俊瑋 陳俊瑋
Published: January 2024

目的：本研究旨在探討體育師資生師資培育學程選擇動機與其學習成就的關係。方法：本研究以臺灣中部某國立大學的124位體育師資生為研究對象，將成為師資生年度與師資生系所來源進行統計控制，利用多元迴歸與邏輯斯迴歸分析師資培育學程選擇動機與學習成就的關係。結果：一、師資培育學程選擇動機的各分量表對「教育專業科目在校成績」與「教師資格考總分」皆無顯著影響，但「教育專業科目在校成績」對「教師資格考總分」有顯著正向影響。二、師資培育學程選擇動機的「自我能力信念」與「社會影響」皆對「通過教師資格考」有顯著正向影響。不過，「教育興趣」對「通過教師資格考」有顯著負向影響。此外，「教育專業科目在校成績」對「通過教師資格考」也有顯著正向影響。結論：體育師資生師資培育學程選擇動機會影響他們「通過教師資格考」；而「教育專業科目在校成績」則會影響他們「教師資格考總分」與「通過教師資格考」。

 

Objective: In this study, we explored physical education preservice teachers and examined the relationship between their motivation for choosing teacher education programs and their academic achievements. Methods: A total of 124 preservice teachers of a national university located in central Taiwan were recruited as participants. The class year and affiliated departments of the participants were controlled for. Multiple regression analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed to analyze the relationships between motivation for choosing teacher education programs and academic achievements. Results: The multiple regression analysis demonstrated that in all relevant subscales, motivation for choosing teacher education programs nonsignificantly affected grades on education courses and total scores on teacher qualification examinations. By contrast, grades on education courses significantly affected total scores on teacher qualification examinations. Regarding the effect of individual motivation factors, the logistic regression analysis showed that passing of the teacher qualification examinations was significantly and positively affected by ability beliefs and social influence but significantly and negative affected by educational interest. Additionally, grades on education courses exerted a significant and positive effect on passing of the teacher qualification examinations. Conclusion: For physical education preservice teachers, their motivation for choosing teacher education programs affected their passing of the teacher qualification examinations. Furthermore, grades on education courses affected their total scores on teacher qualification examinations and passing of the teacher qualification examinations.

 
Tailored Psychoeducational Home Interventions for Children with a Chronic Illness: Families’ Experiences
Authors: Capurso Michele , Catalano Gaetano , Calvaruso Anna , Monticelli Annalinda , Taormina Calogero , Battiato Samanta , Guadagna Francesca Paola , Piccione Tania , D’Angelo Paolo , Russo Delia , Trizzino Antonino , Raspa Veronica
Published: January 2024

The quality of life for a child with a chronic illness depends on various factors, including the illness’s severity, medical treatments, psychosocial and educational support, resource availability, and community involvement. These biopsychosocial factors become significant when the child receives care at home. This article presents and evaluates a highly personalized support project offered to 40 Sicilian families, consisting of educational, social, and psychological services delivered at the families homes and in their communities. Guided by the Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT) and the Functional Psychology framework, the project employed a family-focused approach to healthcare and was based on a continuous dialogue between all stakeholders. The project was evaluated through a qualitative interview with eight families in the Palermo area, which was analyzed using consensual qualitative research. Results revealed families’ appreciation of the project and the importance of a professional who listened to their needs, provided a connection with the medical team, and tailored activities inside and outside the home. The ability of professionals to listen and adapt activities to different contexts and needs was crucial for the project’s success. We conclude that creating tailored family-level interventions with an educator acting as a liaison with the medical team is a widely acceptable strategy that should be further developed and investigated.
Struggles and Joys: A Mixed Methods Study of the Artefacts and Reflections in Medical Student Portfolios
Authors: McDonald Jenny , Hu Wendy , Heeneman Sylvia
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Portfolios scaffold reflection on experience so students can plan their learning. To elicit reflection, learning experiences documented in portfolios must be meaningful. To understand what experiences first- and second-year medical students find meaningful, we studied the patterns in the artefacts chosen for portfolios and their associated written reflections.

Methods

This explanatory mixed methods study of a longitudinal dataset of 835 artefacts from 37 medical student’ portfolios, identified patterns in artefact types over time. Mixed-model logistic regression analysis identified time, student and curriculum factors associated with inclusion of the most common types of artefacts.  Thematic analysis of participants’ reflections about their artefacts provided insight into their choices.  Interpretation of the integrated findings was informed by Transformative Learning (TL) theory.

Results

Artefact choices changed over time, influenced by curriculum changes and personal factors.  In first year, the most common types of artefacts were Problem Based Learning mechanism diagrams and group photos representing classwork; in second year, written assignments and ‘selfies’ representing social and clinical activities.  Themes in the written reflections were Landmarks and Progress, Struggles and Strategies, Connection and Collaboration, and Joyful Memories for Balance.  Coursework artefacts and photographic self-portraits represented all levels of transformative learning.

Conclusions

Medical students chose artefacts to represent challenging and/or landmark experiences, balanced by experiences that were joyful or fostered peer connection. Novelty influenced choice. To maximise learning students should draw from all experiences, to promote supported reflection with an advisor. Tasks should be timed to coincide with the introduction of new challenges.
Rezension von: Feuerstein, Heinrich, Der Meister von Messkirch im Lichte der neuesten Funde und Forschungen
Authors: Feurstein Heinrich , Senn Ernst
Published: January 2024

Heinrich Feuerstein: Der Meister von Messkirch im Lichte der neuesten Funde und Forschungen, Freiburg im Breisgau : Urban-Verl., [1934]. 74 Seiten : Ill.
VULNERABILITIES TRANSPOSED BY CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECTS IN ECOLOGICAL RISKS AND THREATS TO THE NATIONAL SECURITY
Authors: ATANASIU Mirela
Published: January 2024

Climate changes effects determine major transformations of interactions between socio-economic and natural environment, phenomena that directly affect the overall security (international, national, regional) systems. In the security equation, vulnerabilities in different sectors expose systems to threats and associated risks and their existence represents gaps and malfunctions in assuring systems’ overall resilience. In this paper, we start from the research hypothesis that vulnerabilities are a constitutive element of the climate security equation seen as a logical construction of a causal nature, respectively: the effects of climate changes are the source of ecological threats and associated risks facilitated or multiplied by exploited vulnerabilities whose presence/absence gives the measure of the impact over the respective security system. In this regard, our topic is focused on a narrower subject, namely the identification of vulnerabilities that have the potential to be exploited in generating ecological threats and associated risks against Romanian national security. In order to achieve our goal, concepts like “environmental security”, “climate security”, “ecology”, “climate change”, “vulnerability”, “ecological risks and threats”, and “resilience” will be approached in the capacity of their interdisciplinary entanglement between security and ecology.
Yaş Alan Bireylerde Kırılganlık ve Sosyal İzolasyona Bir Bakış
Authors: Oksel Esra , Turan Sultan
Published: January 2024

Yaş alma ile birlikte meydana gelen fizyolojik değişiklikler birçok sağlık sorununu da beraberinde getirmektedir. Bunlar geri dönüşümü olmayan fonksiyonel, mental, yapısal değişikliklerdir. Yaş alma ile birlikte literatürde önemli bir kavram haline gelen “kırılganlık” aynı zamanda geriatrik bir sendrom olarak da incelenmektedir. Stres faktörlerinin organ ve sistemlerde meydana getirdiği değişikliklerin bir sonucu olarak literatüre giren kırılganlık sendromu; istemsiz kilo kaybı, kas güçsüzlüğü (sarkopeni), immün sistemdeki değişiklikler, azalmış fiziksel aktivite, beslenme bozuklukları ve günlük yaşam aktivitelerini yerine getirememe gibi nedenlerle oluşabilmektedir.
Kırılganlık bireylerin günlük yaşam aktivitelerini yerine getirmesini güçleştirirken, sosyal destek ihtiyaçlarını da artırmaktadır. Yaş alma ile sosyal, biyolojik ve fiziksel anlamda artan sosyal destek ihtiyacı ne yazık ki sosyal izolasyonu da beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı, yaş alma ve artan sosyal destek ihtiyacı ile birlikte bireylerde meydana gelen kırılganlığı ve sosyal izolasyonu incelemektir.
Redefining Mathematical Jitters: Pioneering A Scale For Children's Anxiety In Numerical Contexts
Authors: Dwivedi Meenakshi , Singh Rambabu
Published: January 2024

Mathematical Anxiety is commonly defined as feelings of tension and anxiety that interfere with the manipulation of numbers and the solving of mathematical problems in academic situations and even in daily life. It negatively impacts the academic achievements of children. In this study, a Mathematical Anxiety Scale was developed to evaluate mathematical anxiety among primary school students aged between 8 to 10 years. The scale contains twenty-four items that measure mathematical anxiety in six domains: anxiety in doing mathematical calculations, performing mathematical activities, mathematical thinking, mathematical evaluation and doing everyday mathematical tasks. The validation of the scale was done using the data of 250 girls and 237 boys participants. The frequency analysis using SPSS shows the Mean=41.37, Standard Deviation ( ) =7.01, and Median=40.00 as obtained. The criteria of scores developed are: A score above 54 shows extremely high math anxiety, a score between 46–54 shows high math anxiety while scores 37–45, 29–36, and less than 29 shows moderate math anxiety, low math anxiety, and extremely low math anxiety respectively. The Cronbach Alpha coefficient calculated for the evaluation of the internal consistency was determined as 0.728 and this value shows that the scale had good reliability. With the results of this study, the scale’s content validity was evaluated and it was shown to have acceptable valid features in all.
6G Traffic Prediction with a Novel Parallel Convolutional Neural Networks Architecture and Matrix Format Method Integration
Authors: Bolivar Romel P Melgarejo , N K Senthil Kumar , V Vishnu Priya , K Amarendra , M Rajendiran , Cano Mamani Edith Giovanna
Published: January 2024

In the evolving world of wireless communication, sixth generation (6G) networks represent a significant leap forward. Beyond its high-speed and reliable communication, 6G integrates Artificial Intelligence (AI), making networks intelligent entities. This elevates the infrastructure of smart cities and other ecosystems. A critical factor in 6G's success is real-time traffic analysis. As 6G aims to interconnect billions of devices, it faces unprecedented traffic patterns. Practical traffic analysis ensures optimal performance, resource distribution, and energy efficiency. It also supports the network in handling vital sectors like healthcare and transportation by anticipating congestion and prioritizing crucial data. However, traditional traffic analysis techniques designed for earlier generations cannot accommodate 6G's demands. With 6G's integration of diverse technologies, understanding traffic becomes more challenging. Recent advancements have incorporated deep learning architectures, notably Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), for traffic analysis. While these models show potential, adapting them to 6G's specifics remains challenging. This research presents a unique parallel CNN architecture for 6G traffic prediction. It converts network data into an image using the Matrix Format Method (MFM), making it suitable for CNN processing. This innovation addresses the limitations of traditional methods and meets 6G's requirements. Compared to other models, our parallel CNN architecture highlights enhanced performance, promising increased traffic prediction accuracy. It also paves the way for improved resource allocation, energy management, and quality of service in 6G environments.
Enhanced Analysis of Hierarchical Clustering Techniques for Recommendation Systems using Integrated Deep Learning
Authors: Park Young Jun
Published: January 2024

Machine learning is an effective technique for optimizing real-time electronics product data analysis. It can efficiently handle large electronics product datasets, reducing processing time and resource requirements for generating insights. This study assesses the current status of methods and applications for optimizing real-time data analysis by examining existing research in machine learning-based recommendation systems for electronic products. The indicated subjects encompass using machine learning algorithms to discern characteristics and correlations from large datasets, applying machine learning for prognostic analytics and projection, and utilizing machine learning to identify anomalies. The paper provides examples of machine learning-based evaluation optimization solutions that focus on utilizing unorganized data and delivering real-time dashboards. Presented here is a discussion on the complex challenges and potential benefits associated with utilizing machine learning to optimize real-time data processing. Machine learning may efficiently expedite real-time data assessment while delivering precise and timely outcomes
DDOS Attack Packet Detection and Prevention On a Large-Scale Network Utilising the Bi-Directional Long Short Term Memory Network
Authors: K Jeevan Pradeep , Shukla Prashanthkumar
Published: January 2024

Security is one of the most challenging conditions for dispersed networks because exclusive threats can damage output overall and can be classified in several ways. At this time, distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) assaults pose the greatest threat to internet security. Rapid identification of communication records for messages referencing DDoS occurrences enables organizations to take preventative action by instantly identifying both positive and negative attitudes in cyberspace. This research suggests a method for locating such assaults. The method includes the use of deep learning models that had been trained on the present dataset using Bi Long Short-Term Memory (Bi LSTM). Our model beats more established machine learning techniques, according to the experimental data.The method includes the use of deep learning models that had been trained on the present dataset using Bi Long Short-Term Memory (Bi LSTM). Our model beats more established machine learning techniques, according to the experimental data. Experimental results showed that the proposed technique could achieve an accuracy of 96.7%, making it the best option for use in the detection of breaches applications.
Designing a Smart Agri-Crop Framework on Cotton Production using ABO Optimized Vision Transformer Model
Authors: R Bhavani , R Balamanigandan , K Sona , B Rajakumar , S Saraswathi , P M Arunkumar
Published: January 2024

Due to its widespread cultivation and large yields by most farmers, cotton is another vital cash crop. However, a number of illnesses lower the quantity and quality of cotton harvests, which causes a large loss in output. Early diagnosis detection of these illnesses is essential. This study employs a thorough methodology to solve the crucial job of cotton leaf disease identification by utilising the "Cotton-Leaf-Infection" dataset. Preprocessing is the first step, in which noise is removed from the dataset using a Prewitt filter, which improves the signal-to-noise ratio. Next, a state-of-the-art process for image classification errands called Vision Transformer (ViT) model is used to carry out the disease categorization. Additionally, the study presents the African Buffalo Optimisation (ABO) method, which optimises weight during the classification procedure. The African buffalo's cooperative behaviour served as the model's inspiration for the ABO algorithm, which is remarkably effective at optimising the model's parameters. By integrating ABO, the problems caused by the dynamic character of real-world agricultural datasets are addressed and improved model resilience and generalisation are facilitated. The suggested ViT-based categorization model shows remarkable effectiveness, with a remarkable 99.3% accuracy rate. This performance is higher than current models.