bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fatores motivacionais em uma academia de musculação em São José do Rio Pardo/SP
Authors: Apolinário Michael Ramos , Fileni Carlos Henrique Prevital , De Almeida Evandro Ossain , Oliveira Rodrigo da Cruz , Camargo Leandro Borelli , Lima Bráulio Nascimento , Martins Gustavo Celestino , Vilela Junior Guanis de Barros
Published: September 2019

Com a concorrência nos centros esportivos, academias e seguimentos fitness, há a preocupação com os níveis de motivação dos clientes matriculados e os interesses deles. Objetivo: Levantar os fatores motivacionais de frequentadores de musculação no município de São José do Rio Pardo/SP. Métodos: Participaram desta pesquisa 40 indivíduos do gênero masculino e feminino. Para critério de exclusão foram os grupos de meia-idade e idosos, para os critérios de inclusão consistiram alunos devidamente matriculados em academia e faixa etária acima de 18 anos. O instrumento de pesquisa utilizado foi o IMPRAF 54: inventário de motivação para a prática de Atividade Física com 54 perguntas. Entre os procedimentos, o questionário foi explicado e entregue aos participantes. Os dados foram analisados através da estatística descritiva utilizando parâmetros como média, desvio padrão e frequências, apresentados através de gráficos e tabelas feitos pelo Excel. Resultados: Os fatores motivacionais mais relevantes foram saúde, o que mais motiva os praticantes de musculação; prazer, estética, controle de estresse, sociabilidade e competividade. Isso se averigua pelo motivo da conscientização da população na prática de exercícios físicos. Conclusão: Após análise dos fatores, concluiu-se o fator que mais motiva os praticantes de musculação é a dimensão saúde seguida por prazer, estética, controle de estresse, sociabilidade e competitividade.
O exercí­cio fí­sico como auxiliar no tratamento da depressão
Authors: Santos Maria Clara Barbuena
Published: September 2019

Dentre as principais doenças que causam deficiência, a depressão ocupa o quarto lugar. É uma doença multifatorial, causada por alterações psicológicas que podem causar mortalidade. Como tratamento, é indicado o uso de antidepressivo. Porém, devido ao alto custo e o tratamento duradouro, o exercício físico vem sendo indicado como uma terapia alternativa e eficaz no tratamento da mesma. Objetivo: Revisar na literatura o impacto do exercício físico como auxílio no tratamento da depressão. Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura dos últimos 10 anos, utilizando os termos depression, serotonin, exercise, physical activity e strenght training, nas bases de dados Pubmed, Scielo e Lilacs. Após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram selecionados 15 estudos, que foram os analisados. Resultados: Dentre os estudos avaliados, foi identificado que o exercício físico aeróbico de intensidade média é o mais indicado para pacientes com depressão. Conclusão: Estes achados apontam que o exercício físico é uma alternativa eficaz no tratamento de pacientes com depressão.
VYBRANÉ ASPEKTY ZAČATIA KONANIA O VYVLASTNENÍ
Authors: Tomáš Lukáš
Published: September 2019

Predmetom predkladaného článku je analýza vybraných aspektov začatia konania o vyvlastnení, ktoré je nevyhnutným predpokladom realizácie rozhodovacích postupov podľa zákona č. 282/2015 Z. z. o vyvlastňovaní pozemkov a stavieb a o nútenom obmedzení vlastníckeho práva k nim a o zmene a doplnení niektorých zákonov v znení zákona č. 177/2018 Z. z. Autor sa v článku zameriava najmä na všeobecnú charakteristiku spôsobu začatia konania o vyvlastnení a analyzuje niektoré aspekty náležitostí návrhu na začatie konania o vyvlastnení a zásad konania o vyvlastnení. Článok v relevantných súvislostiach reflektuje na aplikačnú prax, prináša komparáciu s minulou právnou úpravou a naostatok formuluje určité úvahy k vybraným traktovaným inštitútom.
KOORDINÁCIA ÚROVNE OCHRANY PRÁV V EURÓPE V KONTEXTE PRISTÚPENIA EURÓPSKEJ ÚNIE K DOHOVORU O OCHRANE ĽUDSKÝCH PRÁV A ZÁKLADNÝCH SLOBÔD
Authors: Vrabľová Jana
Published: September 2019

Tento príspevok analyzuje článok 53 Dohovoru o ochrane ľudských práv a základných slobôd a článok 53 Charty základných práv Európskej únie osobitne, v ich vzájomnom vzťahu a cez tvrdenie Súdneho dvora EÚ vo svojom Stanovisku 2/13, že dohoda o pristúpení môže ohroziť charakteristické znaky a autonómiu práva Únie, pretože nezaručuje koordináciu týchto dvoch článkov. Ústrednou časťou článku je postoj Súdneho dvora, že ani po pristúpení k Dohovoru nebude vo veciach, v ktorých pôsobí únijné právo, tolerovať úroveň ochrany práv garantovaných Chartou v rozpore s rozsudkom Melloni. Autorka sa cez definovanie úrovne ochrany práv podľa Dohovoru a podľa Charty a analýzou príslušnej judikatúry, zamýšľa nad tým, prečo je koordinácia článkov 53 z pohľadu Únie nevyhnutná. Záver príspevku je venovaný pozorovaniu, akým smerom sa v období po stanovisku 2/13 uberá judikatúra ohľadom štandardu ochrany práv.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ СИСТЕМНОГО ПІДХОДУ СТОСОВНО РОЗРОБЛЕННЯ БУДІВЕЛЬНИХ НОРМ ТА НАЦІОНАЛЬНИХ СТАНДАРТІВ БУДІВЕЛЬНОЇ ГАЛУЗІ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: ТАРАСЮК В.Г. , ЯНУШЕК Н.Є. , БЄЛОКОНЬ О.Л.
Published: September 2019

Наведено ряд невирішених проблем будівельної галузі України, зокрема пов’язаних із застосуванням системного підходу стосовно розроблення будівельних норм та національних стандартів, що є одним із важливих механізмів технічного регулювання будівельної галузі України. Відзначено, що застосування системного підходу в різних сферах діяльності відіграє значну роль у формуванні цілісної системи, що в свою чергу зумовлює створення відповідного об’єкту та його існування в рамках деякої великої цілісної комплексної системи на відповідному рівні. Наведено в загальному розумінні поняття системного підходу, що полягає у системному вирішенні будь-якої проблеми з урахуванням мети та завдань системи, її цілісності, структури, усіх зовнішніх та внутрішніх зв’язків. Проаналізовано проблеми застосування системного підходу стосовно розроблення будівельних норм та національних стандартів будівельної галузі України та визначено шляхи їх вирішення. Відомо, що в цілому національна нормативна база будівельної галузі України представлена у вигляді пірамідальної структури, яка містить нормативні акти та нормативні документи різного рівня підпорядкування, що мають працювати в комплексі як єдина система. Наведено окремі проблемні питання, що пов’язані із системним розробленням будівельних норм та національних стандартів, методом прийняття міжнародних та регіональних стандартів як національних, а також фінансуванням робіт з національної стандартизації та встановленням пріоритетності їх розроблення. Відзначено, що формування та удосконалення національної нормативної бази будівельної галузі України залежить від збалансованого застосування принципу щодо відкритості та прозорості процедур розроблення, затвердження і прийняття будівельних норм та національних стандартів, в тому числі національних стандартів, гармонізованих з міжнародними та регіональними стандартами, з урахуванням інтересів усіх зацікавлених сторін. Показано, що будівельні норми, що розроблені на основі параметричного методу нормування, та їх підтримуючі національні стандарти, є однією системою, що має працювати в комплексі. Встановлено стан розвитку національної нормативної бази будівельної галузі України стосовно розроблення державних будівельних норм та національних стандартів, в тому числі національних стандартів, гармонізованих з міжнародними та регіональними стандартами. Визначено питання фінансування робіт з національної стандартизації будівельної галузі України, що мають бути урегульовані на рівні держави.
ЧИСЕЛЬНО-АНАЛІТИЧНИЙ МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ МАТЕРІАЛЬНОГО ДЕМПФУВАННЯ
Authors: БАРАБАШ М.С. , ПИСАРЕВСЬКИЙ Б.Ю. , ПІКУЛЬ А.В.
Published: September 2019

Для оцінки напружено-деформованого стану конструкцій будівлі необхідно з високою точністю визначити зовнішні впливи та їх характер. До числа характерних прикладів зовнішніх впливів відносяться багато різновидів динамічного навантаження. Під час динамічних впливів на конструкцію завжди присутній фактор демпфування. Демпфування може забезпечуватися конструктивними пристроями – демпферами (гасителями коливань). Але навіть у разі, якщо демпфери не встановлюються, то фактор демпфування все одно присутній і обумовлюється матеріальним демпфуванням. Стаття присвячена чисельному дослідженню впливу матеріального демпфування на несучі конструкції будівлі під час динамічних впливів. Запропоновано методологічний підхід щодо, моделювання роботи конструкції під час динамічного впливу в часі та з врахуванням матеріального демпфування. Наведено рішення системи рівнянь руху на основі методу Ньюмарка в матричному вигляді. Описано фізичну суть матеріального демпфування. Запропоновано методологічний підхід щодо врахування різноматеріальності частин конструктивної системи. 

Наведено приклад розрахунку конструкцій будівлі сумісно з ґрунтовою основою, з врахуванням сейсмічних впливів. Розрахунок виконаний у програмному комплексі «ЛІРА-САПР», в якому реалізовано рішення задачі на динамічний вплив в часі на основі методу Ньюмарка. Для сейсмічного захисту будівлі прийнято систему сейсмічної ізоляції з використанням гумовометалевих сейсмічних опор. Виконано порівняльний аналіз результатів розрахунку з урахуванням і без урахування матеріального демпфування. Підтверджено значний вплив матеріального демпфування на напружено-деформований стан конструкції.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ОБЛАСТІ НЕСУЧОЇ ЗДАТНОСТІ ТОНКОСТІННИХ СТЕРЖНЕВИХ ЕЛЕМЕНТІВ ІЗ ХОЛОДНОГНУТИХ ПРОФІЛІВ
Authors: ПЕРЕЛЬМУТЕР А. В. , ЮРЧЕНКО В. В.
Published: September 2019

У статті розглядаються області несучих здатностей для поперечних перерізів тонкостінних стержневих елементів конструкцій із холодногнутих профілів. Звертається увага на важливу властивість області несучої здатності – її випуклість. У статті представлений випадок, коли внутрішні зусилля зі значеннями, меншими за розрахункові, можуть бути більш несприятливими для невипуклої області несучої здатності стержневих елементів із холодногнутих профілів. Представлено алгоритм автоматизованої побудови областей несучої здатності для перерізів стержневих елементів конструкцій та його програмну реалізацію в обчислювальному комплексі SCAD Office. Побудова області несучої здатності поперечного перерізу разом із випуклою оболонкою заданих комбінацій внутрішніх зусиль є гнучким інструментом для аналізу умов навантажень. Виконані дослідження області несучої здатності для перерізів стержневих конструкцій із холодногнутих профілів слугують засобом критичного аналізу вимог норм проектування для досліджуваного класу конструкцій. Засвідчена невипуклість та стрибкоподібна зміна межі області несучої здатності, що обумовлена не- узгодженостями окремих положень нормативного документу [1]. Зокрема, такий характер області спостерігається при переході від однієї розрахункової ситуації (закритична стадія роботи елемента конструкції після досягнення явища втрати місцевої стійкості) до іншої (робота в межах пружніх деформацій сталі).
‘A journal of my feelings, mind & Body’: Narratives of Ageing in the Life Writing of Mary Berry (1763–1852)
Authors: Culley Amy
Published: September 2019

This article contributes to studies of gender and old age in the Romantic period through an exploration of the life writing of the biographer and historian, Mary Berry (1763–1852). In her manuscript journal, Berry provides a self-conscious and intimate commentary on the experience of ageing, mixing chronological, personal, cultural, and physical definitions. Yet this account of her feelings, mind, and body is radically reshaped for a Victorian readership in the posthumously published work of 1865. Beyond the journal, Berry's correspondence provides insight into intragenerational sociability through the exchanges of a network of older letter-writers. The theme of ageing also manifests in her biographical works, in which she refuses to treat old age as an epilogue to a life and complements the critical reflections presented in the journal. Read in dialogue, these texts therefore provide valuable perspectives on old age, gender, and sociability and establish age as an important category within studies of life writing.
PENGARUH TERAPI LATIHAN DAN PEMASANGAN BANDAGE PADA CONGENITAL TALIPES EQUINO VARUS BILATERAL DI YPAC SEMARANG : LAPORAN KASUS
Authors: Purnomo Didik , Wibisono Irawan , Nurwidianti Rahma
Published: September 2019

Background : Congenital Talipes Equino Varus (CTEV) or commonly called Clubfoot is a general term used to describe a general deformity which is foot changes from its normal position. Problems that occur in the Congenital Talipes Equino Varus Bilateral case are the limited range of motion on both ankles, the presence of contractures in the posterior tibialis muscle. Physiotherapy role by providing modalities such as bandage usage, stretching, wall bars exercise, parallel bars exrcise and easy standing exercise.Case Presentation : Patients in this case were 9-year-old women using interventions in the form of bandage usage, wall bars exercise, parallel bars exrcise and easy standing exercise for 6 sessions.Method : This case report assesses the patient's joint motion range by measuring differences between pre-test and post-test.Results: Patients do not improved in the ankle range of motion.Conclusion : In this case, it was shown that exercise therapy given and bandage usage on 9-year-old patients with CTEV conditions could not change the patient's ankle range of motions.
Fronteras argentinas: aportes para una sistematización de su campo de estudios
Authors: Salizzi Esteban , Rascovan Alejandro , Porcar Tania , Tommei Constanza , Ghilardi Matías
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this article is to identify and describe different studies around the notions of frontier and border that academics have been developing in Argentina since the 1980s. For that purpose, we systematized contributions from different disciplines and fields of knowledge, such as anthropology, geography, history, international relations, and urban and rural studies. The article is divided into four sections, based on the four types of studies on frontiers present in the literature: interethnic, agrarian, interstate, and urban/peri-urban. Our conclusions emphasize the need to increase the attention of research on the integration of various lines of inquiry centered on the phenomenon of the frontier; such integration will allow for an interdisciplinary interchange where individual fields could share theories, types of frontier as an object of study, research tools, and possible contexts of application.
Рабовласництво в Ольвійському полісі у V-III ст. до н.е.: історіографія, джерела, перспективи досліджень
Authors: Odrin Oleksandr
Published: September 2019

Стаття присвячена аналізу джерельної бази й історіографії історії рабовласницьких відносин в Ольвії Понтійській. Дослідження рабовласництва в Ольвійському полісі довго гальмувалися через обмеженість джерельної бази. В останні десятиліття до наукового обігу було введено нові джерела, інформація яких дає змогу суттєво інтенсифікувати вивчення соціальної історії Ольвії, зокрема і рабовласницьких відносин. У статті аналізуються дані епіграфічних і писемних джерел та окреслюються напрямки подальших досліджень, які мають базуватися на комплексному вивченні епіграфічних та археологічних джерел із врахуванням теоретичних напрацювань сучасної історіографії.
Стеклянные сосуды, изготовленные в технике сердечника из Ольвии
Authors: Kolesnychenko Anzhelika
Published: September 2019

В статье дана общая характеристика стеклянных сосудов закрытых форм из Ольвии. Анализ контекстов позволил проследить динамику их использования и закономерности распределения находок в пространстве города. Набор форм сосудов отражает их эволюцию на протяжении всего периода изготовления.
Καλοσ καi aγαθoσ Понтійського елліна
Authors: Kotenko Viktoria
Published: September 2019

Рецензія на монографію Ручинская О.А. Культура и общество греческих городов Северного Причерноморья (VI в. до н.э. – IV в. н.э.). Харьков: Майдан, 2017, 286 с.
Про стан і перспективи музейно-фондової роботи в НІАЗ «Ольвія» НАН України
Authors: Shevchenko Tetiana
Published: September 2019

Стаття присвячена короткому огляду історії формування археологічного зібрання, що зберігається у Наукових фондах і музеї НІАЗ «Ольвія» НАН України. Розглянуті основні причини створення фондосховища та музею на місці розкопок, змальовано їх сучасний стан, окреслені нагальні проблеми збереження й опрацювання численних археологічних колекцій з розкопок некрополю, Ольвії та поселень її хори, які у ньому зберігаються.
Селянство Уманського повіту у революційних подіях 1905-1907 рр.
Authors: Tatsiyenko Nataliya
Published: September 2019

У статті аналізується участь селянства Уманського повіту у революційних подіях 1905-1907 рр. Наведено яскраві приклади селянських заворушень на Уманщині, а саме – аграрні страйки сезонних сільськогосподарських робітників, основною вимогою яких було підвищення плати за щоденні роботи; напади на маєтки та їх підпали, що ставали звичним, масовим явищем; захоплення поміщицьких земель і лісу, з вимогами розділення цих земель між селянами; супротив владі. З’ясовано, що значну роль у протестних настроях селянства Уманського повіту відігравали прокламації, про що свідчать матеріали розслідувань.
Соціально-економічна політика румунської адміністрації у сільській місцевості Південно-Західної України в 1941-1944 рр.
Authors: Osypenko Oleksandr
Published: September 2019

У статі проаналізована соціально-економічна політика румунської адміністрації щодо сільського населення у межиріччі Дністра та Південного Бугу в 1941-1944 роках. Встановлено, що з перших днів окупації румунське керівництво перейшло до відвертого грабування сільського населення. Для сільського населення було розроблено та впроваджено низку натуральних податків. Румунське керівництво на окупованих землях південно-західної України зберегло створену сталінським керівництвом довоєнну систему оплати праці «трудодень». Оплата праці сільських трудівників носила натуральний характер. Із селянами розраховувались тими видами сільськогосподарських продуктів, які вирощували «трудові громади».
Utilization of Recycled Thermoplastic Nylon Combined with Virgin Nylon and the Effect on its Mechanical Properties as a Denture Base Material
Authors: Z Tamin Haslinda , Wahyuni Siti , Nasution Ismet Danial
Published: September 2019

The injection molding process of thermoplastic nylon produces nylon residues in the form of sprue. Nylon residues are non-biodegradable which causes serious ecological problems, hence recycling becomes a necessity. However, recycled nylon is subjected to thermal, oxidative, and mechanical degradation during process which may decrease the mechanical properties of recycled nylon. In order to overcome the decreased mechanical properties of recycled nylon, modification by combining recycled nylon with virgin nylon is considered.
Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of adding virgin nylon into recycled nylon on the modulus of elasticity and compressive yield strength.
Settings and Design: Experimental laboratory research.
Methods and Materials: A total of 45 samples were used. Samples were divided into 3 groups which include 100% virgin nylon as control (A), 100% recycled nylon (B) and combination of 60% virgin nylon with 40% recycled nylon (C). The samples were tested using Universal Testing Machine (Tensilon RTF, Japan) with three point bending test and compression test with the speed of 5mm/min with ultimate load.
Statistical analysis used: The obtained results were analyzed using Univarian test, One-way ANOVA test and Turkey’s Honestly Significant Different test.
Result: There was statistical significance in adding virgin nylon into recycled nylon on its mechanical properties, namely modulus of elasticity and compressive yield strength (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The combination of 60% virgin nylon with 40% recycled nylon has better elastic modulus and compressive yield strength values compared to 100% recycled nylon.
Role of Bilingualism and Biculturalism as Assets in Positive Psychology: Conceptual Dynamic GEAR Model
Authors: Chen Xinjie , Padilla Amado M.
Published: September 2019

Are bilingualism and/or biculturalism good for a person’s positive well being? A growing number of studies have shown different positive outcomes of being exposed to two cultures or speaking two languages respectively, but the benefits of being both bilingual and bicultural have rarely been investigated theoretically or empirically. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the main beneficial outcomes of bilingualism and biculturalism, and to integrate these benefits into a new conceptual framework: Positive Bilingualism and Biculturalism GEAR model. The GEAR model suggests that the beneficial outcomes of bilingualism and biculturalism can be systematically classified into four positive dimensions (psychological Growth; cognitive Exploration; linguistic Awareness; and social Reinforcement), in which there are dynamic interactions among these four dimensions. The hypothetical GEAR model provides an intricate theoretical approach to understand the potential benefits to an individual of experiencing more than one language and one culture in their life. The proposed model in this research offers a systematic framework for conducting future research to examine whether bilingualism and biculturalism accrue benefits to the individual.
Associations between Bovine β-Defensin 4 Genotypes and Production Traits of Polish Holstein-Friesian Dairy Cattle
Authors: Brodowska Paulina , Zwierzchowski Lech , Marczak Sylwester , Jarmuż Wiesław , Bagnicka Emilia
Published: September 2019

This study analyzed the associations between two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (C2239T and A1674C), used together as a genotype located in BNBD4, and milk traits and breeding values of productivity traits of Polish Holstein-Friesian dairy cows. The research was carried out on 322 cows, with 7070 milk parameter and somatic cell count records in daily milking, as well as 897 records covering data on whole lactations, and 2209 breeding value records for productivity traits. The DMU statistical package with a one-trait repeatability test-day animal model was used to estimate the associations. The differences between the genotype effects were analyzed using Duncan’s post-hoc tests. The CC/AA and CT/AC genotypes had the highest frequencies (0.62 and 0.23, respectively). For use in marker-assisted selection, the CC/AC genotype is the most promising as an indicator of high-yielding cows potentially resistant to mastitis, because it was associated with the lowest somatic cell count (SCC), highest milk, fat, and protein yields in daily milking, as well as with milk yield in the whole lactation. The studied genotypes were also related to the breeding values of all the investigated production traits. However, some simulation studies have indicated a high rate of false-positives in GWAS based on classically calculated EBVs.
Red-Osier Dogwood Extracts Prevent Inflammatory Responses in Caco-2 Cells and a Caco-2 BBe1/EA.hy926 Cell Co-Culture Model
Authors: Jiang Qian , Zhang Hua , Yang Runqiang , Hui Qianru , Chen Yuhuan , Mats Lili , Tsao Rong , Yang Chengbo
Published: September 2019

Red-osier dogwood extracts (RDE) contain high levels of phenolic compounds which have been recognized as natural antioxidants. In this study, the potential of RDE to prevent cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) was evaluated using Caco-2 cells and a co-culture model of Caco-2 BBe1/EA.hy926 cells in Transwell® plates. The results showed that RDE supplementation significantly prevented interleukin-8 (IL-8) production and suppressed the gene expression of IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in the TNF-α inflamed Caco-2 cells. Meanwhile, the polyphenols (quercetin-3-glucoside, quercetin-glucuronide, rutin, quercetin-3-O-malonylglucoside, and kaempferol-glucoside) in the RDE were validated to be absorbed by Caco-2 BBe1 cells and transported to the basal chamber where EA.hy926 cells were located during 12 h incubation. The transported polyphenols were able to prevent IL-8 production and suppress the gene expression of proinflammatory mediators (TNF-α, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and COX-2) in the TNF-α or oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) treated EA.hy926 cells. These novel findings demonstrated that phenolic compounds in RDE can be transported to the cardiovascular system by intestinal absorption and mitigate the inflammatory responses of vascular endothelial cells, indicating that RDE could be a natural resource of polyphenols to prevent inflammation cytokine or oxidized lipid-induced CVDs.
Approaches in Intelligent Music Production
Authors: Moffat David , Sandler Mark B.
Published: September 2019

Music production technology has made few advancements over the past few decades. State-of-the-art approaches are based on traditional studio paradigms with new developments primarily focusing on digital modelling of analog equipment. Intelligent music production (IMP) is the approach of introducing some level of artificial intelligence into the space of music production, which has the ability to change the field considerably. There are a multitude of methods that intelligent systems can employ to analyse, interact with, and modify audio. Some systems interact and collaborate with human mix engineers, while others are purely black box autonomous systems, which are uninterpretable and challenging to work with. This article outlines a number of key decisions that need to be considered while producing an intelligent music production system, and identifies some of the assumptions and constraints of each of the various approaches. One of the key aspects to consider in any IMP system is how an individual will interact with the system, and to what extent they can consistently use any IMP tools. The other key aspects are how the target or goal of the system is created and defined, and the manner in which the system directly interacts with audio. The potential for IMP systems to produce new and interesting approaches for analysing and manipulating audio, both for the intended application and creative misappropriation, is considerable.
Investigating the Behaviour of Human Thermal Indices under Divergent Atmospheric Conditions: A Sensitivity Analysis Approach
Authors: Charalampopoulos Ioannis , Santos Nouri Andre
Published: September 2019

This paper aims to analyse and conclude about the behaviour of the most commonly used human thermal comfort indices under a variety of atmospheric conditions in order to provide further information about their appropriateness. Utilising Generalized Additive Models (GAMs), this article examines the indices’ sensitivity when exposed to diverse classified atmospheric conditions. Concentrated upon analysing commonly used human thermal indices, two Statistical/Algebraic indices (Thermohygrometric Index (THI) and HUMIDEX (HUM)), and four Energy Balance Model indices (Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET), modified PET (mPET), Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), and Perceived Temperature (PT)) were selected. The results of the study are twofold, the identification of (1) index sensitivity to parameters’ variation, and change rates, resultant of different atmospheric conditions; and, (2) the overall pertinence of each of the indices for local thermal comfort evaluation. The results indicate that the thermohygrometric indices cannot follow and present the thermal conditions’ variations. On the other hand, UTCI is very sensitive under low radiation condition, and PET/mPET present higher sensitivity when the weather is dominated by high radiation and air temperature. PT index provides the lower sensitive among the human energy balance indices, but this is adequately sensitive to describe the thermal comfort environment.
A Design of Experiments Strategy to Enhance the Recovery of Polyphenolic Compounds from Vitis vinifera By-Products through Heat Reflux Extraction
Authors: Moldovan Mirela L. , Iurian Sonia , Puscas Cristina , Silaghi-Dumitrescu Radu , Hanganu Daniela , Bogdan Catalina , Vlase Laurian , Oniga Ilioara , Benedec Daniela
Published: September 2019

The aim of the present study was to establish the best experimental conditions that lead to the extracts richest in polyphenolic compounds obtained from pomace and canes of Vitis vinifera. In this regard, a D-Optimal design of experiments (DoE) method was applied to investigate the extraction process parameters from each of three materials: red pomace (RP), white pomace (WP) and canes (C). The input variables were the extraction temperature and the ethanol ratio and as response, the total polyphenols content (TPC) was determined. A design space was generated for each of the plant materials and the most concentrated polyphenol extracts were obtained using 50% ethanol at a temperature of 80 °C. Further, the phenolic profiles of the concentrated extracts were detected by LC/MS/MS and the results showed that WP extract was richer in polyphenolic compounds, both flavonoid and phenolic acids, followed by the RP and C extracts. The antioxidant assays revealed that WP and RP extracts exhibited a higher antioxidant activity which correlated to the high content of polyphenols. These findings revealed that RP, WP and C, currently considered agricultural wastes from winery, may be valorized as an important source of natural antioxidants.
Ice Nucleation Properties of Ice-binding Proteins from Snow Fleas
Authors: Bissoyi Akalabya , Reicher Naama , Chasnitsky Michael , Arad Sivan , Koop Thomas , Rudich Yinon , Braslavsky Ido
Published: September 2019

Ice-binding proteins (IBPs) are found in many organisms, such as fish and hexapods, plants, and bacteria that need to cope with low temperatures. Ice nucleation and thermal hysteresis are two attributes of IBPs. While ice nucleation is promoted by large proteins, known as ice nucleating proteins, the smaller IBPs, referred to as antifreeze proteins (AFPs), inhibit the growth of ice crystals by up to several degrees below the melting point, resulting in a thermal hysteresis (TH) gap between melting and ice growth. Recently, we showed that the nucleation capacity of two types of IBPs corresponds to their size, in agreement with classical nucleation theory. Here, we expand this finding to additional IBPs that we isolated from snow fleas (the arthropod Collembola), collected in northern Israel. Chemical analyses using circular dichroism and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy data suggest that these IBPs have a similar structure to a previously reported snow flea antifreeze protein. Further experiments reveal that the ice-shell purified proteins have hyperactive antifreeze properties, as determined by nanoliter osmometry, and also exhibit low ice-nucleation activity in accordance with their size.
Exercise-Induced Fatigue in One Leg Does Not Impair the Neuromuscular Performance in the Contralateral Leg but Improves the Excitability of the Ipsilateral Corticospinal Pathway
Authors: Aboodarda Saied Jalal , Zhang Cindy Xin Yu , Sharara Ruva , Cline Madeleine , Millet Guillaume Y
Published: September 2019

To investigate the influence of pre-induced fatigue in one leg on neuromuscular performance and corticospinal responses of the contralateral homologous muscles, three experiments were conducted with different exercise protocols; A (n = 12): a 60 s rest vs. time-matched sustained left leg knee extension maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), B (n = 12): a 60 s rest vs. time-matched left leg MVC immediately followed by 60 s right leg MVC, and C (n = 9): a similar protocol to experiment B, but with blood flow occluded in the left leg while the right leg was performing the 60 s MVC. The neuromuscular assessment included 5 s knee extensions at 100%, 75%, and 50% of MVC. At each force level, transcranial magnetic and peripheral nerve stimuli were elicited to investigate the influence of different protocols on the right (tested) knee extensors’ maximal force output, voluntary activation, corticospinal excitability, and inhibition. The pre-induced fatigue in the left leg did not alter the performance nor the neuromuscular responses recorded from the right leg in the three experiments (all p > 0.3). However, enhanced corticospinal pathway excitability was evident in the tested knee extensors (p = 0.002). These results suggest that the pre-induced fatigue and muscle ischemia in one leg did not compromise the central and peripheral components of the neuromuscular function in the tested contralateral leg.
Improvement of Cognitive Function after Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment for Subacute Stroke Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kim Howook , Im Soobin , Park Jun il , Kim Yeongwook , Sohn Min Kyun , Jee Sungju
Published: September 2019

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common after stroke. Various studies on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy for OSA after stroke have been published. However, there have been no studies from Korea and Asia. The present Korean study aimed to determine whether CPAP treatment during inpatient rehabilitation of stroke patients with sleep disorders, especially OSA, improves function, cognition, sleep quality, and daytime sleepiness. Methods: This single-blind randomized controlled study included 40 stroke patients with OSA between November 2017 and November 2018. The patients were divided into the CPAP treatment group (CPAP and rehabilitation; n = 20) and control group (only rehabilitation; n = 20). The intervention period was 3 weeks. The primary outcomes were function and cognition improvements, and the secondary outcomes were sleep-related improvements. Results: CPAP treatment started at an average of 4.6 ± 2.8 days after admission. Both groups showed improvements in stroke severity, function, and cognition after the 3-week intervention. However, after the intervention, the degree of change in attention and calculation was significantly higher in the CPAP treatment group than in the control group. Additionally, the improvements in sleep quality and daytime sleepiness were greater in the CPAP treatment group than in the control group. Conclusion: CPAP treatment can improve cognitive function, sleep quality, and daytime sleepiness, and it should be considered as part of the rehabilitation program for patients with stroke. Our findings might help in the treatment of stroke patients with OSA in Korea.
ErbB3 Phosphorylation as Central Event in Adaptive Resistance to Targeted Therapy in Metastatic Melanoma: Early Detection in CTCs during Therapy and Insights into Regulation by Autocrine Neuregulin
Authors: Ruggiero Ciro Francesco , Malpicci Debora , Fattore Luigi , Madonna Gabriele , Vanella Vito , Mallardo Domenico , Liguoro Domenico , Salvati Valentina , Capone Mariaelena , Bedogni Barbara , Ascierto Paolo Antonio , Mancini Rita , Ciliberto Gennaro
Published: September 2019

In recent years the introduction of target therapies with BRAF and MEK inhibitors (MAPKi) and of immunotherapy with anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies have dramatically improved survival of metastatic melanoma patients. Despite these changes drug resistance remains a major hurdle. Several mechanisms are at the basis of drug resistance. Particular attention has been devoted over the last years to unravel mechanisms at the basis of adaptive/non genetic resistance occurring in BRAF mutated melanomas upon treatment with to MAPKi. In this paper we focus on the involvement of activation of ErbB3 receptor following early exposure of melanoma cells to BRAF or MEK inhibitors, and the following induction of PI3K/AKT pathway. Although different mechanisms have been invoked in the past at the basis of this activation we show here with a combination of approaches that autocrine production of neuregulin by melanoma cells is a major factor responsible for ErbB3 phosphorylation and downstream AKT activation. Interestingly the kinetic of neuregulin production and of the ensuing ErbB3 phosphorylation is different in different melanoma cell lines which underscores the high degree of tumor heterogeneity. Moreover, heterogeneity is further highlighted by the evidence that in different cell lines neuregulin upregulation can occur at the transcriptional or at the post-transcritpional level. Finally we complement our study by showing with a liquid biopsy assay that circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from melanoma patients undergo upregulation of ErbB3 phosphorylation in vivo shortly after initiation of therapy.
Evaluation and Validation of Plasma Proteins Using Two Different Protein Detection Methods for Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Bhardwaj Megha , Gies Anton , Weigl Korbinian , Tikk Kaja , Benner Axel , Schrotz-King Petra , Borchers Christoph H. , Brenner Hermann
Published: September 2019

Objective: Plasma protein biomarkers could be an efficient alternative for population-based screening for early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). The objective of this study was to evaluate and validate plasma proteins individually and as a signature for early detection of CRC. Methods: In a three-stage design, proteins were measured firstly by liquid chromatography/multiple reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry (LC/MRM-MS) and later by proximity extension assay (PEA) in a discovery set consisting of 96 newly diagnosed CRC cases and 94 controls free of neoplasms at screening colonoscopy. Two algorithms (one for each measurement method) were derived by Lasso regression and .632+ bootstrap based on 11 proteins that were included in both the LC/MRM-MS and PEA measurements. Additionally, another algorithm was constructed from the same eleven biomarkers plus amphireglin, the most promising protein marker in the PEA measurements that had not been available from the LC/MRM-MS measurements. Lastly the three prediction signatures were validated with PEA in independent samples of participants of screening colonoscopy (CRC (n = 56), advanced adenoma (n = 101), and participants free of neoplasm (n = 102)). Results: The same four proteins were included in all three prediction signatures; mannan binding lectin serine protease 1, osteopontin, serum paraoxonase lactonase 3 and transferrin receptor protein 1, and the third prediction signature additionally included amphiregulin. In the independent validation set from a true screening setting, the five-marker blood-based signature including AREG presented areas under the curves of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.74–0.89), 0.86 (95% CI, 0.77–0.92) and 0.76 (95% CI, 0.64–0.86) for all, early and late stages CRC, respectively. Conclusion: Two different measurement methods consistently identified four protein markers and an algorithm additionally including amphiregulin, a marker measured by PEA only, showed promising performance for detecting early stage CRC in an independent validation in a true screening setting. These proteins may be potential candidates for blood-based tests for early detection of CRC.
STAT3 and STAT5 Activation in Solid Cancers
Authors: Igelmann Sebastian , Neubauer Heidi , Ferbeyre Gerardo
Published: September 2019

The Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT)3 and 5 proteins are activated by many cytokine receptors to regulate specific gene expression and mitochondrial functions. Their role in cancer is largely context-dependent as they can both act as oncogenes and tumor suppressors. We review here the role of STAT3/5 activation in solid cancers and summarize their association with survival in cancer patients. The molecular mechanisms that underpin the oncogenic activity of STAT3/5 signaling include the regulation of genes that control cell cycle and cell death. However, recent advances also highlight the critical role of STAT3/5 target genes mediating inflammation and stemness. In addition, STAT3 mitochondrial functions are required for transformation. On the other hand, several tumor suppressor pathways act on or are activated by STAT3/5 signaling, including tyrosine phosphatases, the sumo ligase Protein Inhibitor of Activated STAT3 (PIAS3), the E3 ubiquitin ligase TATA Element Modulatory Factor/Androgen Receptor-Coactivator of 160 kDa (TMF/ARA160), the miRNAs miR-124 and miR-1181, the Protein of alternative reading frame 19 (p19ARF)/p53 pathway and the Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 and 3 (SOCS1/3) proteins. Cancer mutations and epigenetic alterations may alter the balance between pro-oncogenic and tumor suppressor activities associated with STAT3/5 signaling, explaining their context-dependent association with tumor progression both in human cancers and animal models.
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Is a Molecular Determinant of the Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody Cetuximab Resistance in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Russo Rosita , Matrone Nunzia , Belli Valentina , Ciardiello Davide , Valletta Mariangela , Esposito Sabrina , Pedone Paolo Vincenzo , Ciardiello Fortunato , Troiani Teresa , Chambery Angela
Published: September 2019

Background: The clinical impact of the monoclonal antibody cetuximab targeting the EGFR in colorectal cancer (CRC) is widely recognized. Nevertheless, the onset of cetuximab resistance is a serious issue that limits the effectiveness of this drug in targeted therapies. Unraveling the molecular players involved in cancer resistance is the first step towards the identification of alternative signaling pathways that can be targeted to circumvent resistance mechanisms restoring the efficacy of therapeutic treatments in a tailored manner. Methods: By applying a nanoLC-MS/MS TMT isobaric labeling-based approach, we have delineated a molecular hallmark of cetuximab-resistance in CRC. Results: We identified macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) as a molecular determinant capable of triggering cancer resistance in sensitive human CRC cells. Blocking the MIF axis in resistant cells by a selective MIF inhibitor restores cell sensitivity to cetuximab. The combined treatment with cetuximab and the MIF inhibitor further enhanced cell growth inhibition in CRC resistant cell lines with a synergistic effect depending on inhibition of key downstream effectors of the MAPK and AKT signaling pathways. Conclusions: Collectively, our results suggest the association of MIF signaling and its dysregulation to cetuximab drug resistance, paving the way to the development of personalized combination therapies targeting the MIF axis.
Potential Role of MSC/Cancer Cell Fusion and EMT for Breast Cancer Stem Cell Formation
Authors: Hass Ralf , von der Ohe Juliane , Ungefroren Hendrik
Published: September 2019

Solid tumors comprise of maturated cancer cells and self-renewing cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), which are associated with various other nontumorigenic cell populations in the tumor microenvironment. In addition to immune cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and further cell types, mesenchymal stroma/stem-like cells (MSC) represent an important cell population recruited to tumor sites and predominantly interacting with the different cancer cells. Breast cancer models were among the first to reveal distinct properties of CSCs, however, the cellular process(es) through which these cells are generated, maintained, and expanded within neoplastic tissues remains incompletely understood. Here, we discuss several possible scenarios that are not mutually exclusive but may even act synergistically: fusion of cancer cells with MSC to yield hybrid cells and/or the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in breast cancer cells by MSC, which can relay signals for retrodifferentiation and eventually, the generation of breast CSCs (BCSCs). In either case, the consequences may be promotion of self-renewal capacity, tumor cell plasticity and heterogeneity, an increase in the cancer cells’ invasive and metastatic potential, and the acquisition of resistance mechanisms towards chemo- or radiotherapy. While specific signaling mechanisms involved in each of these properties remain to be elucidated, the present review article focusses on a potential involvement of cancer cell fusion and EMT in the development of breast cancer stem cells.
On the Influence of Composition and Structure of Carbon-Supported Pt-SnO2 Hetero-Clusters onto Their Electrocatalytic Activity and Durability in PEMFC
Authors: Spasov Dmitry D. , Ivanova Nataliya A. , Pushkarev Artem S. , Pushkareva Irina V. , Presnyakova Natalia N. , Chumakov Ratibor G. , Presnyakov Mikhail Yu. , Grigoriev Sergey A. , Fateev Vladimir N.
Published: September 2019

A detailed study of the structure, morphology and electrochemical properties of Pt/C and Pt/x-SnO2/C catalysts synthesized using a polyol method has been provided. A series of catalysts supported on the SnO2-modified carbon was synthesized and studied by various methods including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electrochemical methods, and fuel cell testing. The SnO2 content varies from 5 to 40 wt %. The TEM images, XRD and XPS analysis suggested the Pt-SnO2 hetero-clusters formation. The SnO2 content of ca. 10% ensures an optimal catalytic layer structure and morphology providing uniform distribution of Pt-SnO2 clusters over the carbon support surface. Pt/10wt %-SnO2/C catalyst demonstrates increased activity and durability toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in course of accelerated stress testing due to the high stability of SnO2 and its interaction with Pt. The polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell current–voltage performance of the Pt/10wt %-SnO2/C is comparable with those of Pt/C, however, higher durability is expected.
High Sensitivity Detection of Copper Ions in Oysters Based on the Fluorescence Property of Cadmium Selenide Quantum Dots
Authors: Jiang Shiqi , Lu Zifan , Su Tiantian , Feng Yanting , Zhou Chunxia , Hong Pengzhi , Sun Shengli , Li Chengyong
Published: September 2019

Cadmium selenide (CdSe) quantum dots (QDs) were synthesized by water phase synthesis method using 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA) as a stabilizer, and they were applied to the detection of copper ions (Cu2+). The results showed that CdSe QDs have excellent selectivity and sensitivity toward Cu2+. The fluorescence intensity of CdSe QDs decreased with the increase of Cu2+ concentration. The linear range was from 30 nM to 3 μM, and the detection limit was 30 nM. Furthermore, CdSe QDs were used for detecting the concentration of Cu2+ in oysters. The content of Cu2+ was 40.91 mg/kg, which was close to the one measured via flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), and the relative error was 1.81%. Therefore, CdSe QDs have a wide application prospect in the rapid detection of copper ions in food.
Elastic Properties of Orthorhombic YBa2Cu3O7 under Pressure
Authors: Chen Cai , Liu Lili , Wen Yufeng , Jiang Youchang , Chen Liwan
Published: September 2019

The pressure dependence of the lattice and elastic constants of the orthorhombic YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 are firstly investigated using the first principles calculations based on the density functional theory. The calculated lattice parameters at 0 GPa are in agreement with the available experimental data. By the elastic stability criteria under isotropic pressure, it is predicted that YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 with and orthorhombic structure is mechanically stable under pressure up to 100 GPa. On the basis of the elastic constants, Pugh’s modulus ratio, Poisson’s ratio, elastic anisotropy, Debye temperature, and the minimum thermal conductivity of YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 under pressure up to 100 GPa are further investigated. It is found that its ductility, Debye temperature, and minimum thermal conductivity increase with pressure.