bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of a new set of monoclonal β-amyloid antibodies
Authors: Che Huan-Yu , Ai Jia-Qi , Yang Chen , Cai Xiao-Lu , Wang Yan , Jiang Juan , Zhang Qi-Lei , Tu Tian , Tu Ewen , Che Chong , Yan Xiao-Xin
Published: October 2022

β-Amyloid (Aβ) deposition is a commonly studied neuropathology in the human brain, occurring as compact and diffuse parenchymal plaques, cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), and meningeal/subpial amyloidosis. Compact plaques associated with dystrophic neurites generally referred to as neuritic plaques, are a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We evaluated three recently developed monoclonal mouse antibodies against Aβ (A1, A2 and A3) using appropriate tissue samples and assay controls in the present study. In immunohistochemistry, antibodies A1, A2 and A3 displayed all forms of cerebral Aβ deposition in a range of dilutions in cryostat and paraffin sections. These labeled profiles appeared morphologically comparable to that visualized by two commercial Aβ antibody clones, 6E10 and D12B2. In immune-dot blotting assays, antibodies A1, A2 and A3 at highly diluted concentrations detected an increase of Aβ in neocortical lysates of AD samples compared to control. Moreover, these antibodies clearly labeled Aβ pathology in brain sections of three commonly used transgenic mouse models of AD, namely, APP/PS1 mice, 5XFAD mice, and 3XTg-AD mice. Taken together, these monoclonal mouse anti-Aβ antibodies can serve as new experimental tools for basic, translational, and diagnostic research into aging and AD-related cerebral Aβ neuropathology in both human and experimental animal brains.
MEASURING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPATIAL CONFIGURATION CONCEPT VARIABLES AND FLEXIBILITY COMPONENTS
Authors: Hessari Pedram , Chegeni Farhad
Published: October 2022

Flexibility has been one of the valuable concepts in architecture due to the emphasis on the formation of a variable space to meet the needs of users and their peace and comfort over time. The main components of flexibility in a space system are multi-functional space, seasonal and daily displacement, and component separation and aggregation. Overall flexibility is a structural and conceptual concept that means the ability to make internal changes in a spatial system. On the other hand, the concept of spatial configuration emphasizes that space is the main factor and core of how events occur. To understand and explain the spatial configuration, one should look for a suitable method that responds to the environmental characteristics, one of the most important methods for understanding the spatial configuration is the space arrangement method. This method determines the configuration of a spatial system with the help of its variables, which are: coherence, depth, space difference, isovist, and visual accessibility. The main goal of this research is to know the relationship between spatial configuration variables and flexibility components in the spatial system of traditional houses in the Sufian neighborhood of Borujerd. This research is of applied type and has been done through correlation strategy and space layout method. The tool for collecting information in this research is documentary and library research and a survey through a questionnaire. To evaluate the variables and components of spatial configuration and flexibility, the relationship between the components and variables is first measured using the correlation method and spss software. The statistical population for measuring the relationship between flexibility components and spatial configuration variables is 25 experts and university professors. In the next step, five houses from the traditional houses of the Sufian Boroujerd neighborhood will be measured and evaluated using specialized space layout software to determine the variables of the concept of spatial configuration and their relationship with flexibility components. The results of this research show that the multi-functional space component in flexibility with depth and visual accessibility variables in the concept of spatial configuration, the seasonal and daily displacement component in flexibility with interconnected variables, space difference and isovist in the concept of spatial configuration and the component of separation and aggregation in flexibility is related to the interlinking variables, depth, and difference of space in the concept of spatial configuration.
Gênero e ciência: acadêmicas feministas que escreveram a história
Authors: Santana Carolina Queiroz , Santos Laura Sued Brandão
Published: October 2022

Este ensaio teórico possui como contexto histórico os Estados Unidos durante as últimas décadas do século XX. Buscamos investigar o que vinha acontecendo nesse país durante o período que fomentou a teoria feminista e o desenvolvimento dos estudos sobre Gênero e Ciência. Além disso, nos debruçamos em discutir as contribuições das principais acadêmicas feministas que colaboraram na construção dessa zona de inquérito. Percebemos, que o movimento social do feminismo de segunda onda impulsionou toda uma geração a lutar por mais espaço para as mulheres, e nesse contexto as ciências naturais começaram a ser criticadas e questionadas. As colaborações das acadêmicas feministas trouxeram vários avanços, no acesso das mulheres na ciência, nos próprios estudos da ciência e na sistematização dos estudos sobre ciência e gênero.
A representação da mulher nas músicas de Vaquejada
Authors: Santos Anyelle Brito Leite , Moura Camila Batista Gama , Cavalcanti Tassia De Souza , Moura Diego Luz
Published: October 2022

Esse artigo tem como objetivo analisar a representação da mulher em letras de músicas da vaquejada. A partir do site Vagalume® foram selecionadas as sessenta primeiras músicas do ranking, utilizando a palavra vaquejada no campo de busca da página. Para garantir a validade interna foi criada uma Ficha de Verificação de Relevância de Músicas para Vaquejada. A Ficha foi respondida por três especialistas. Foram incluídas as músicas consideradas por dois ou mais especialistas como de “muita” relação com a vaquejada, contabilizando 19 canções. As letras foram analisadas através da análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2011). Foram criadas três categorias: (a mulher como objeto de entretenimento, a invisibilidade da mulher, a figura feminina romantizada). Conclui-se que as letras das músicas analisadas reproduzem determinados estereótipos do contexto social mais amplo, pontuando o corpo e a identidade das mulheres como objetos disponíveis aos desejos e o prazer masculino..PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Gênero. Vaquejada. música.
Vozes-Mulheres: trajetórias de professoras-mães-cientistas
Authors: Ferreira Gabriela , De Souza Alicia Aparecida , Silveira Camila
Published: October 2022

A presente pesquisa aborda a temática de gênero no contexto das Ciências Exatas, onde as mulheres representam uma minoria. Após a análise dos Currículos Lattes e cargos de professoras de uma Universidade Federal, selecionamos e entrevistamos 18 docentes sobre suas trajetórias. Com base nos relatos, construímos discussões sobre o preconceito de gênero evidenciado, explícito ou não, de modo a compreender como o mesmo permeia as vivências das entrevistadas e quais suas percepções enquanto mulheres cientistas. Concluímos que, em sua maioria, as docentes não se davam conta do machismo que as cercava e diversas vezes relatavam situações de preconceito sem se aperceber do mesmo. Em boa parte das conversas, notamos nuances entre momentos em que as entrevistadas reconheciam ou negavam o machismo no ambiente de trabalho. Por fim, acreditamos que discussões como esta são importantes para repensarmos o fazer Ciência, com vistas a tornar a cultura científica livre de preconceitos.
Lei Maria da Penha: avanços na implementação em Curitiba
Authors: Arruda Jocelaine Espindola da Silva , Da Luz Nanci Stancki
Published: October 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir os avanços na implementação da LeiMaria da Penha em Curitiba, a partir de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada nos anosde 2014 e 2015. Nela foram entrevistadas nove pessoas identificadas comoprotagonistas de fatos, ações e projetos desenvolvidos na cidade de Curitiba para aproteção da mulher vítima de violência doméstica e/ou familiar. Os principaisavanços identificados foram as instalações do Juizado de Violência Doméstica eFamiliar contra a Mulher no município de Curitiba, da Patrulha Maria da Penha e daSecretaria Municipal Extraordinária da Mulher da Prefeitura Municipal de Curitiba, asquais possibilitaram a efetivação de diversas ações para coibir a violência contra amulher no município.
How could climate change influence the distribution of the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus) (Diptera, Stratiomyidae)?
Authors: Pazmiño-Palomino Alex , Reyes-Puig Carolina , Del Hierro Ana
Published: October 2022

The black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus, 1758), is a saprophagous species used to decompose organic matter. This study proposes a distribution model of H. illucens to illustrate its current and future distribution. The methodology includes data collection from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), complemented with iNaturalist, manual expert curation of occurrence records, six species distribution models algorithms and one ensemble model. The average temperature of the driest annual quarter and the precipitation of the coldest annual quarter were the key variables influencing the potential distribution of H. illucens. The distribution range is estimated to decrease progressively and their suitable habitats could change dramatically in the future due to global warming. On the other hand, current optimal habitats would become uninhabitable for the species, mainly at low latitudes. Under this scenario, the species is projected to move to higher latitudes and elevations in the future. The results of this study provide data on the distribution of H. illucens, facilitating its location, management and sustainable use in current and future scenarios.
Sinosenecio yangii (Asteraceae), a new species from Guizhou, China
Authors: Peng Jing-Yi , Zhang Dai-Gui , Deng Tao , Huang Xian-Han , Chen Jun-Tong , Meng Ying , Wang Yi , Zhou Qiang
Published: October 2022

A new species Sinosenecio yangii D.G. Zhang & Q. Zhou (Asteraceae, Senecioneae) from Guizhou Province, China, is described and illustrated based on its morphological characteristics and molecular evidence. It closely resembles S. confervifer and S. guangxiensis, the former in the scapigerous habit and smooth and glabrous achene surface, the latter in the calyculate involucre and purple abaxial leaf surface, and both in the shape and indumentum of leaf lamina, but differs markedly from the latter two in having fewer capitula and epappose achenes. Phylogenetic analysis based on nrITS and ndhC-trnV sequences shows that this new species belongs to the S. latouchei clade and is sister to S. guangxiensis with moderate support.
Complete mitochondrial genomes of Boiga kraepelini and Hebius craspedogaster (Reptilia, Squamata, Colubridae) and their phylogenetic implications
Authors: Shan Shuangshuang , Wang Yu
Published: October 2022

The complete sequence of the mitochondrial genome is a powerful tool for studying phylogenetic relationships and molecular evolution in various species. In this work, the mitogenomes of Boiga kraepelini and Hebius craspedogaster were sequenced and characterized for the first time. The lengths of the B. kraepelini and H. craspedogaster mitogenomes were 17,124 bp and 17,120 bp, respectively, and both included 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs, two rRNAs and two control regions. The arrangements of these mitochondrial genes were the same in B. kraepelini and H. craspedogaster. In addition, both genome compositions showed A+T bias (59.03%, 60.93%) and had positive AT skews (0.179, 0.117) and negative GC skews (-0.397, -0.348). The phylogenetic results illustrated a close relationship between B. kraepelini and the genus Lycodon. Moreover, H. craspedogaster was clustered with other Hebius snakes and closely related to other Natricinae species. These results will provide references for further research on the phylogeny of Colubridae.
Les effets des proximités sur la relation entre le degré de décentralisation et la performance : l’exemple d’une université française
Authors: Verdier Cyril , Mériade Laurent , Talbot Damien
Published: October 2022

En France, de 2009 à 2018, neuf fusions d’universités ont été promulguées, rendant les acteurs potentiellement plus proches. Ces situations inédites de gestion interrogent les dirigeants d’organisation publique sur la manière de coordonner ces acteurs pour améliorer la performance. Le débat porte notamment sur le degré de décentralisation à adopter, que nous mettons en relation dans cet article avec les trois dimensions de la performance inscrites dans la Loi Organique relative aux Lois de Finances (2001) – efficacité socio-économique, qualité de service, efficience de gestion –. L’objectif de cette recherche est alors de circonscrire et de mieux définir les éléments de cette relation à partir des opportunités analytiques offertes par les cinq dimensions de la proximité formalisées par Boschma (2005) – proximité géographique, proximité organisationnelle, proximité institutionnelle, proximité cognitive, proximité sociale –. Ainsi, à travers une étude de cas d’une université française via quatorze entretiens semi-directifs, notre recherche exploratoire dessine les contours d’un modèle d’analyse de la relation entre le degré de décentralisation et la performance d’une université à partir de l’heuristique des proximités.
A taxi detour trajectory detection model based on iBAT and DTW algorithm
Authors: Wan Jian , Yang Peiyun , Zhang Wenbo , Cheng Yaxing , Cai Runlin , Liu Zhiyuan
Published: October 2022

Taxi detour is a chronic problem in urban transport systems, which largely undermines passengers' riding experience and the city's image while unnecessarily worsening traffic congestion. Tourists unfamiliar with city roads often encounter detour problems. Therefore, it is important for regulatory authorities to develop a tool for detour behavior detection in order to discover or identify detours. This study proposes a detour trajectory detection model framework based on the trajectory data of taxis that can identify taxi driving detour fraud at the microscopic level and analyze the characteristics of detouring trajectories from the perspective of microscopic motion traits. The deviation from normal driving trajectories provides a framework for the automatic detection of detour trajectories for the off-site supervision platform of the taxis. Considering drawbacks of the isolation-Based Anomalous Trajectory (iBAT) algorithm, this paper made further improvements in trajectory anomaly detection. In this study, three methods including the iBAT, iBAT + Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), and iBAT + DTW algorithms considering the driving distance and time are compared using the relevant experimental data. The case studies verify that the proposed method outperforms the other methods. Verified by the experiments based on the trajectory data coming from Nanjing, the false positive rate of this framework is only 1.64%.
Evolution of Vehicular Ad Hoc Network and Flying Ad Hoc Network for Real-Life Applications
Authors: Swain Sipra , Senapati Biswa Ranjan , Khilar Pabitra Mohan
Published: October 2022

The demand for the quick transmission of data at any point and at any location motivates researchers from the industry and academics to work for the enhancement of ad hoc networks. With time, various forms of ad hoc networks are evolved. These are MANET, VANET, FANET, AANET, WSN, SPAN, etc. The initial objective of VANET is to provide safety applications by combining them with ITS. But later, the applications of VANET are extended to commercial, convenience, entertainment, and productive applications. Similarly, connections among multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) through wireless links, architectural simplicity, autonomous behaviour of UAV, etc. motivate the researchers to use FANET in various sectors like military, agriculture, and transportation for numerous applications. Search and rescue operations, forest fire detection and monitoring, crop management monitoring, area mapping, and road traffic monitoring are some of the applications of FANET. The authors mentioned some applications in the chapter using VANET, FANET, and the combination of VANET and FANET.
Restorative Justice and Therapeutic Jurisprudence
Authors: Shekhar Beulah , Castro Ranjani , Goyal Hitesh
Published: October 2022

The research will conceive restorative justice and therapeutic jurisprudence as two sides of the same coin, and one is the result of the other as a major development in criminological thinking. Notwithstanding, roots in a variety of indigenous cultures, including spirituality and holistic healing traditions and strives to re-connect offenders with their surroundings and communities. The objective of this research is to explore the experiences of victims and offenders involved in restorative justice practices, concerning increase in their general well-being, self-esteem, and satisfaction of the process and decrease in their feeling of shame, guilt, stress, regret, and anger. Restorative justice mechanisms enhance therapeutic jurisprudence through restoration, resilience, reconciliation, reintegration, rehabilitation, reformation, and resocialization among victims and offenders. Another objective is to understand from practitioners whether restorative practices facilitate conflict resolution and discuss the alternate conflict resolution model for restorative justice and therapeutic jurisprudence.
Australian Wine, Tourism, and Culture
Authors: Yu Poshan , Wang Heyun , Mahendran Ramya
Published: October 2022

In this chapter, the authors explore social media as a tool for promoting products and services. The industry of application is wine tourism in which the authors investigate whether and how digital methods can help local businesses in Australia in the wine tourism sector gain a better perspective among Chinese tourists. They analyze the characteristics of different wine tourism regions in Australia and assess how these regions are competing against each other and shaping their social media strategies to promote the hospitality and tourism of said region to Chinese tourists. The main goal is to explore how social media is influencing the travel decisions, choice of destination, and wine consumption of Chinese tourists and empowering the tourists on the Australia's wine heritage is going to convey meaning, culture, and traditions to aid them in these decisions. Recommendations will be provided on using digital social media to promote wine tourism to different stakeholders.
Innovation Environment for Sustainable Medical Tourism in a Country
Authors: Sultana Nasrin , Turkina Ekaterina , Cohendet Patrick
Published: October 2022

Medical tourism has become one of the fastest-growing service industries in the 21st century. The purpose of this chapter is to advance the idea that the growth of medical tourism is influenced not only by the innovation in medical technology but also by the overall innovation environment in a country. Conducting a fixed effect regression analysis, the authors find empirical evidence in support of the argument. Because of the inter-sectoral nature of the medical tourism industry, the findings imply a plethora of opportunities for all related industries to realize the full potential of the resources available for innovation in a country. The most important implication of the findings is that strengthening the innovation environment in a country is momentous for sustainable medical tourism. The findings show a way to achieve sustainable medical tourism by integrating different stakeholders through collaboration and innovation.
Sustainability as a Consequence of Memory and Memorable Experience
Authors: Kama Selin
Published: October 2022

The degree of remembrance of an experience can affect an individual's contribution to social, cultural, economic, and environmental sustainability by transforming their behavior. In other words, memory and memorability are important predictors of sustainable behavior. Therefore, the focus of this study is to evaluate the memory and memorable experiences from the macro-sustainability perspective. Within this study, the impact of visitors' memorable experiences on sustainability and how sustainability shapes memorable experiences are evaluated conceptually. The results show that emotional and cognitive essence that makes tourism experiences memorable provides a competitive advantage for destinations by influencing the sustainability behaviors of visitors. In line with this study, the relationship between memory and sustainability behaviors of visitors must be evaluated via qualitative and quantitative methods.
Revitalization of Creative Tourism in Post-Pandemic Environment in Thailand
Authors: Pattano Duangthida , Chelliah Shankar
Published: October 2022

The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant negative impact on many tourist destinations around the world, including Thailand. A shift in typical vacation behavior has emerged as a major issue in the global tourism industry as a result of travel restriction and social distancing issues. In the new normal scenario of COVID-19 pandemic, creative tourism, which focuses on participating in onsite activities and interacting with people, is facing challenges. It is important to pay attention to what tourists consider when making decisions about future travel plans, especially in creative tourism. This chapter focuses on tourist motivation, travel decisions, and travel practices for service providers, all of which are discussed in terms of how Thailand's creative tourism potential can be revitalized. Furthermore, an integrated model of creative tourism is proposed in predicting future travel behavior related to health risk concerns. Several potential implications and concerns for managerial decision-making in service and marketing contexts are discussed.
Food and Beverage Operations and Safety
Authors: Bulut Solak Birsen , Aydınlı Feridun , Amin Sakib Bin
Published: October 2022

For the past three years the COVID-19 pandemic has received much global attention due to the high risk of fatality and human-to-human transmission. This pandemic has forced changes in every sector as well as in different aspects of everyone's daily lives. Travelling has had a critical role in contributing to its transmission by negatively influencing the majority of public health. The hospitality and tourism industry is subject to being immediately influenced by the external environment. This chapter explains how COVID-19 has affected food and beverage operations and safety in the sector and the global economy. New rules and regulations are described in detail. The future of food and beverage operations has changed by integrating technology, touchless contact, social distancing, and hygiene precautions, focusing on domestic travel, virtual tourism, and luxury travel.
Using the Technology Acceptance Model in Tourism Businesses
Authors: Barakazi Mahmut
Published: October 2022

It is seen that technological elements are frequently used to provide a better quality tourism experience and to expand the comfort zone. It is understood that many tourism businesses, especially in the fields of accommodation, travel, and gastronomy, have gained a more competitive structure by developing their technological infrastructure. In this direction, the suitability of the technology acceptance model (TAM), which was first developed by Davis and based on two basic elements, in terms of tourism enterprises is associated with examples. It is understood that the perceived convenience and usefulness within the scope of the research is met positively in terms of tourism services. In addition, it is thought the quality-of-service perception will be increased by better using the opportunities brought by technology in tourism. The goal is to contribute to the relevant literature by evaluating the effect of the TAM model on the tourism sectors from a general perspective.
The Effects of the COVID-19 Crisis on Zambian Society
Authors: Moonga Fred , Sichombo Trevor , Mwene Siwa Irene , Mweemba Richard
Published: October 2022

COVID-19 was first reported in China's Wuhan city of Hubei province in late 2019. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a global public health emergency and a global pandemic respectively in quick succession as it spread so fast across the world. In this chapter, the authors analyze its effects on Zambia by focusing on among others, the economy, education, family interactions, culture, and psychosocial wellbeing of Zambia and how the government responded to minimize the effects. They find that preventive measures were not fully adhered to in many places partly because the government did not enforce a total lockdown as many other countries did although learning institutions, drinking places, church gatherings, funeral processions, and other social gatherings such as weddings were all suspended. They note that government responses to the pandemic preserved lives but also worsened the economic slowdown. They conclude that the pandemic exposed the deficiencies in the healthcare and social protection systems and inequality in the country but enhanced digitalization.
Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics-Based Emotional Intelligence
Authors: Meenakshi Sundaram Subramaniam , Murgod Tejaswini R. , M. Sowmya
Published: October 2022

With the advent of technology, we have seen drastic changes in the way of life. Right from automation to improved security systems, technology got us covered. Machines deployed with intelligence stand the potential to drive cars, perform medical procedures, control traffic, and possibly everything that we can think of. Several large and small-scale organizations are adopting AI technologies to amplify their growth and surpass prior business results. Emotional AI can also help businesses to solve sensitive issues at the workplace. The global outlook is that AI imbibed into automation or robotics is going to revolutionize the markets and workforces. As per market estimates, over the next five years, the affective computing market will witness new heights surging to a growth rate of 43.0% CAGR in terms of revenue, with the global market reaching to US$ 1710 million by 2024 up from US$ 200 million in 2019. In the forecast period from 2019-2024, development around touchless AI models are expected to grow in the affective computing market between 2017 and 2025.
Antibacterial Activity and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Colistin in Sodium Deoxycholate Sulfate Formulation
Authors: Mudhar Bintang Muhammad Ali Khumaini , Srichana Teerapol
Published: October 2022

Colistin has its problem with nephrotoxicity despite its capability for combatting multi-drug resistant gram-negative bacteria. Sodium deoxycholate sulfate (SDCS) has been shown to increase the safety profile of nephrotoxic drugs. This study aimed to explore the antimicrobial activity of colistin-SDCS versus free colistin against P. aeruginosa and investigate their cytotoxicity on kidney cells. The colistin micelles were formulated with SDCS followed by lyophilization and their properties were analyzed. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of colistin were determined using the broth microdilution method. The static time-kill kinetics were also employed to monitor the bactericidal activity of formulation over time. The cytotoxicity of formulations was analyzed using MTT colorimetric assay against kidney cells. The colistin-SDCS dry-powder was stable after reconstitution and resulted in 240 to 297 nm in particle size with the zeta potential of -22.8 to -23.4 mV. The colistin-SDCS formulations showed similar antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa to pure colistin. MIC and MBC were 7.81 and 15.63 µg/mL, respectively. The static-time kill results displayed slightly better bactericidal activity at 24 h. The viability of kidney cells exposure to colistin-SDCS micelle was higher than that of pure colistin.
Indigenous Production of Porous 316L through Powder Metallurgy and Investigation of their Mechanical Properties
Authors: Ansary Sarfaraj , Mondal Subrata , Sekh Mukandar , Haque Rafiqul , Haidar Shamim
Published: October 2022

Nowadays, 316L stainless steel implant materials exhibit a promising position in the field of biomaterials application, especially in medical due to their higher strength compared to other ceramic base materials. Therefore, in this work, the production of 316L implant materials and examination of the mechanical characteristics were carried out. Powder Metallurgy process has been chosen to produce the implant materials due to its high advantages in demonstrating the high mechanical properties of the green sample. 316L stainless steel with zinc streate powder of three different compositions, i.e., the first of 99% 316L stainless steel and 1% zinc stearate, the second of 97% 316L stainless steel and 3% zinc streate, and the third of 95% 316L stainless steel and 5% zinc streate, were cold pressed individually at 600 MPa pressure using UTM and sintered the green samples at 1120 °C for 1 hour and 30 minutes. Sintering temperature and time were the same for all the specimens. We investigated the mechanical behaviour of 316L stainless steel implant materials of different compositions at the same temperature for the same duration of time. After that, the mechanical properties and densification of this material were investigated.
Effect of Recrystallization Temperature on Metallurgical Properties of ASTM A242 Corten Steel
Authors: Kumaravel D. , Bupesh Raja V.K.
Published: October 2022

Corten steel is a type of weathering steel possessing high strength with low alloying elements content. The uniqueness of Corten steel lies in its excellent corrosion resistance to elements of nature, and having high strength to weight ratio among the carbon steels. The Corten steel is widely used in fabricating railway coaches, structures like bridges, etc. Even though the Corten steel is weldable, its inherent properties are lost during welding and other thermal processes. The behavior is due to the change in metallurgical and mechanical properties of Corten steel when undergoing processes exceeding the recrystallization temperature. Hence, necessitating the need for this research work. In this research work, the micro hardness, microstructure and grain size of Corten ASTM A242 Grade Steel was evaluated in as received normal condition and at recrystallization temperature. When the material is heated up to recrystallization temperature the formation of new grains is observed. Recrystallization had a positive impact on the microstructure and micro hardness of the Corten steel.
Submerged Friction Stir Back Extrusion of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Alhourani Abdulla , Nazzal Mohammad , Darras Basil
Published: October 2022

Friction Stir Back Extrusion (FSBE) is a new grade of severe plastic deformation process capable of producing metallic tubular geometries that exhibit ultrafine grain structure and superior mechanical properties. FSBE of tubular sections provide opportunities for producing lightweight rigid structures for the automotive, aerospace and construction industries. This research investigates the effect of submerging conditions (in water at 25 °C and 2 °C) for Magnesium AZ31-B tubes on the grain size, mechanical properties, temperature history and power consumption. Submerged FSBE is compared to FSBE in air at fixed process parameters of 90 mm/min and 2000 rpm. It is shown that the impact of submerging is statistically insignificant in terms of the mechanical properties, ultimate tensile strength and percent elongation, of the produced tubes according to the conducted t-tests. On the other hand, the optical microscopy results indicated finer grains at the inner wall of the seamless tubes for FSBE in air and underwater FSBE at 25 °C when compared to underwater FSBE at 2 °C.
Fabrication, Characterization and Antioxidation Activity of Clove Oil- Loaded Microemulsions
Authors: Panomsuk Suwannee , Nuntharatanapong Nopparat
Published: October 2022

Clove oil is a volatile oil that is extracted from clove buds of Syzygiumaromaticum. It was reported for antibacterial and antifungal activities. Microemulsions (ME) are a stable emulsion system composed of oil, surfactant mixture (SM, surfactant and co-surfactant) and water. In this study clove oil-loaded microemulsions (CM) were fabricated using Tween 20 as surfactant. Co-surfactants used in CM were ethanol and isopropanol. CM with different concentrations of clove oil (10-50% w/w) and SM (40-80% w/w) at Tween 20:co-surfactant ratios of 1:2 were formulated and characterized for their physico-chemical properties. All CM was clear liquid with thermodynamic stability. The size of all CM prepared from both ethanol and isopropanol was less than 100 nm. At lower oil and SM concentrations, the CM was o/w ME. When the concentration of oil or SM increased, the conductivity values decreased to less than 10 μS/cm indicating that the obtained CM was w/o ME. All CM formulations exhibited strong antioxidant activity as tested by the DPPH scavenging method (92.79 - 94.95% inhibition). Changing the type of co-surfactants (ethanol or isopropanol) or changing the oil to co-surfactant ratio did not significantly alter the antioxidant activity. Therefore, considering both physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of CM, the CM containing 10% clove oil is the recommended formulation for commercial development.
Safety of COVID-19 mRNA vaccination in patients with history of acquired hemophilia A: a case series
Authors: Puccetti Luca , Sammartano Vincenzo , Caroni Federico , Malchiodi Margherita , Calzoni Paola , Franceschini Eleonora , Galasso Lucrezia , Bocchia Monica
Published: October 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection called for a specific and massive vaccination campaign. Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a potential life-threatening coagulopathy. Hematological- targeted autoimmune conditions including immune thrombocytopenia, vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia and AHA emerged during large-scale vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 and contributed to vaccination hesitation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the putative recurrence of AHA after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 with mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2 and mRNA- 1273) in patients with relatively recent history of AHA. Thirteen patients (8 women and 5 men, mean age = 63.1±16.6 years) with AHA in the previous two-to-five years were enrolled in the study. Platelet count, prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), fibrinogen and Factor VIII levels were evaluated 48 hours prior to each vaccine dose and 10 days post-vaccination. Clinical self-assessment and remote video visits were performed in the presence of even minor hemorrhagic signs. No major bleeding events were detected at any time-point, including evaluation at 30 days after the 3rd vaccine dose. No significant hemorrhagic changes were observed, in particular no thrombocytopenia and/or significant alterations in PTT and Factor VIII emerged across subjects. Patients with a previous history of AHA of various etiology do not seem to have an increased recurrence risk after a COVID-19 vaccination course of 3 doses with either mRNA vaccine. This finding supports this specific safety aspect in the face of the possible continuation of the vaccination campaign based on the trend of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Reliability and Minimal Detectable Change of the Standardized Assessment of Reaction Time
Authors: Lempke Landon B. , Shumski Eric J. , Prato Thomas A. , Lynall Robert C.
Published: October 2022

Context

Postconcussion reaction time deficits are common, but existing assessments lack sport-related applicability. We developed the Standardized Assessment of Reaction Time (StART) tool to emulate the simultaneous cognitive and motor function demands in sport, but its reliability is unestablished.

Objectives

To determine the intrarater, interrater, and test-retest reliability of StART and to examine the dual-task effect, time effect, and relationships between StART and computerized and laboratory-based functional reaction time assessments.

Design

Prospective cohort study.

Setting

Clinical laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

Twenty healthy, physically active individuals (age = 20.3 ± 1.8 years, females = 12, no concussion history = 75%).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Participants completed the StART, computerized reaction time (Stroop task via CNS Vital Signs), and laboratory-based jump landing and cutting reaction time under single-task and dual-task (subtracting by 6s or 7s) cognitive conditions at 2 testing sessions a median of 7 days apart. We used intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), repeated-measure analysis of variance, and Pearson r correlations to address our aims.

Results

Overall, good to strong interrater (ICC [2,k] range = 0.83–0.97), intrarater (ICC [3,k] range = 0.91–0.98), and test-retest (ICC [3,k] range = 0.69–0.89) reliability were observed. A significant reaction time assessment-by-cognitive condition interaction was present (P = .018, ηp2 = 0.14), with StART having the largest dual-task effect. Main time effects for dual-task conditions were seen across all reaction time assessments (mean difference = −25 milliseconds, P = .026, ηp2 = 0.08) with improved performance at the second testing session. No StART outcomes correlated with computerized reaction time (P > .05), although some correlated with single-task (r range = 0.42–0.65) and dual-task (r range = 0.19–0.50) laboratory cutting reaction time.

Conclusions

The StART demonstrated overall reliable performance relative to other reaction time measures. Reliability coupled with a strong dual-task effect indicates that StART is a valid measure for examining functional reaction time and may have future utility for sport-related concussion return-to-play decision-making.
A Batrachichnus salamandroides trackway from the Minto Formation of central New Brunswick, Canada: implications for alternative trackmaker interpretations
Authors: Allen Luke F. , Stimson Matthew R. , King Olivia A. , Norrad Rowan E. , Lucas Spencer G. , Mann Arjan , Hinds Steven J. , Park Adrian F. , Calder John H. , Maddin Hillary , Montplaisir Martin
Published: October 2022

A new specimen of Batrachichnus salamandroides was recovered from a recently discovered fossil-bearingsite situated along the southern shore of Grand Lake, New Brunswick, among a diverse ichnofaunal assemblagefrom the Middle Pennsylvanian (upper Bolsovian; lower Moscovian), upper Minto Formation. The identity ofthe tracemaker of this ichnogenus is reinterpreted as a composite of various late Paleozoic tetrapod taxa, basedon similarities of the postcranial skeletons, notably that of the manus and pes, of both temnospondyls and some“microsaurs”. These results indicate that the tracemaker of the monospecific ichnogenus Batrachnichus is notlimited solely to a temnospondyl tracemaker, as previously interpreted, and that some “microsaurs” should alsobe considered among tracemaker candidates for this ichnotaxon.
The future of mining in the Adria region: current status, SWOT and Gap analysis of the mineral sector
Authors:   Faculty of Mining Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb, Croatia, Borojević Šoštarić Sibila , Giannakopoulou Stavroula ,   National Technical University of Athens, School of Mining & Metallurgical Engineering, Athens, Greece, Adam Katerina ,   National Technical University of Athens, School of Mining & Metallurgical Engineering, Athens, Greece, Mileusnić Marta ,   Faculty of Mining Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Published: October 2022

The Adria region which includes the countries of: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia, and corresponds to the Dinarides, northwesternmost Hellenides, and the Vardar zone, has a long history of mining. Here, the main strengths and challenges of the mineral sector of the Adria region were assessed using the following methodology: (1) presentation of the current status of mineral exploration and exploitation, (2) SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis on parameters including geological potential, economic environment, legal and regulatory framework, innovation and technology framework, environmental protection and land use planning, governmental and social potential, human resources and educational potential, (3) Gap analysis, and (4) integration of the results obtained in the development of a roadmap for the actions required to promote investments in the mineral sector in the Adria region. The main strengths of the regional mineral sector include the significant mineral potential due to a favourable geological setting, significant reserves, a long mining tradition, and active exploration areas, as well as a significant number of active and abundant mines and the availability of secondary raw materials. Nevertheless, there are many challenges that the mineral sector faces, such as difficulties in ensuring social acceptance, a lack of new exploration campaigns in many areas, estimation of resources or reserves that do not follow international codes and standards, regulations related to environmental issues in the mineral sector of Adria countries that do not comply with European legislation, and the limited availability of qualified technical, scientific and managerial personnel involved in the whole mineral cycle. Therefore, actions and measures such as awareness campaigns to highlight the significance of Raw Materials in the sustainable development of the region, further exploration, reserves calculation in alignment with internationally recognized codes, harmonization with spatial plans, and reforms to attract investors and capacity building programs should be taken for further development of the Adria region’s mineral sector in a sustainable manner.
Historical 8-Aminoquinoline Combinations: Not All Antimalarial Drugs Work Well Together
Authors: Shanks G. Dennis
Published: October 2022

Since their first use in the 1920s, 8-aminoquinolines have been known to have important toxicities such as methemoglobinemia and hemolysis. An empiric pamaquine (plasmochin) combination with quinine was widely used in the British military with relatively little toxicity. Attempts to use pamaquine with a new synthetic antimalarial drug (atabrine, quinacrine) in the 1930–1940s, however, resulted in hemolytic reactions and some deaths from renal failure. An improved 8-aminoquinoline, primaquine, was particularly effective against Plasmodium vivax relapses when combined with either quinine or chloroquine. When used in reduced daily doses (15 mg) over 2 weeks, it was safely given to many thousands of U.S. soldiers returning from Korea. CP tablets (chloroquine 300 mg, primaquine 45 mg weekly) were widely used during the Vietnam War with few hemolytic reactions and no known deaths. Efficacy and toxicity of 8-aminoquinolines is determined in part by the selection of appropriate partner drugs
The Association among Malaria in Pregnancy, Neonatal inflammation, and Neurocognitive Development in a Cohort of Malawian Infants
Authors: Buchwald Andrea G. , Boudova Sarah , Peterson Ingrid , Divala Titus , Mungwira Randy , Mawindo Patricia , Gladstone Melissa , Cairo Cristiana , Laufer Miriam K.
Published: October 2022

Malaria in pregnancy (MIP) causes poor birth outcomes, but its impact on neurocognitive development has not been well characterized. Between 2012 and 2014, we enrolled 307 mother–infant pairs and monitored 286 infants for neurocognitive development using the Malawi Developmental Assessment Tool at 6, 12, and 24 months of age. MIP was diagnosed from peripheral blood and placental specimens. Cord blood cytokine levels were assessed for a subset of neonates. Predictors of neurodevelopment were examined using mixed-effect logistic regression for developmental delay. Among the participants, 78 mothers (25.4%) had MIP, and 45 infants (15.7%) experienced severe neurocognitive delay. MIP was not associated with differences in cord blood cytokine levels or neurocognitive development. Preterm birth, low birthweight, increasing maternal education level, and increasing interleukin 6 levels were associated significantly with delay. The results highlight the prevalence of severe delay and a need for broad access to early childhood support in this setting.
The Role of AI/ML Technology in Recent Post Covid Era Education System
Authors: Begum B.Rasina , S A Mohammed Uveise , T Sheik Yousuf , S Ummul Hyrul Fathima
Published: October 2022

With the evolving use of smart devices ranging from the wearable devices like smart watches, smart phones and tablets to personal computers like Laptops and Desktop, the education methodologies are need to be updated to cater the innovative methods to enhance the teaching methods to the users, With the help of AI and machine learning technologies, the education system shall be transformed to a new horizon of innovations from conventional education system. Together with the chat bots and expert systems, with the impact of Covid-19 outburst most of the institutions across the globe has already adapted to online education, even an online-only schools also been started. This has ignited new opportunities for this research of Artificial Intelligence in education post covid19 era.
DO ESTRUTURALISMO AO NEODESENVOLVIMENTISMO: AVANÇO E RETROCESSO
Authors: Lima Thaís Damasceno , Castro Fábio Sousa Mendonça , Jacob Ivan Lucon Monteiro , Caria Junior Sidnei , Soares Layza Rocha , Farias Nunes Stephano Hertal
Published: October 2022

A retomada da ideia desenvolvimentista no século XXI parece propor uma nova onda de crescimento para os países latino-americanos, onde os partidos que têm um apelo popular assumiram o poder. Este artigo caracteriza de forma crítica essa retomada das concepções desenvolvimentistas e apresenta como se estruturaram os modelos neodesenvolvimentistas, ressaltando suas bases. Por fim, analisa-se o formato do projeto de desenvolvimento vigente no Brasil. Essa pesquisa parte dos principais alicerces que fundamentam o pensamento estruturalista da CEPAL, passando pela renovação neoestruturalista de Fajnzylber até conjecturar os modelos neodesenvolvimentistas.