bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Late Midlife Subclinical Infarct Burden and Risk of Dementia: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Neurocognitive Study
Authors: Sullivan Kevin J. , Griswold Michael E. , Ghelani Kunali , Rajesh Aishwarya , Shrestha Srishti , Gottesman Rebecca F. , Knopman David , Mosley Thomas H. , Windham B. Gwen
Published: November 2022

At visit 3 (1993–1995) of the ARIC Study, 1.5T brain MRI was completed in 1,881 stroke-free participants (Mean age = 62.9±4.9, 50% Black). Cox regression examined associations between infarct group [infarct-free (referent; n = 1,611), smaller only (<3 mm; n = 50), larger only (≥3 mm but <20 mm; n = 185), both (n = 35)] and up to 25-year incident dementia (n = 539). Participants with both infarcts were over 2.5 times more likely to develop dementia [HR = 2.61; 95% CI = 1.44, 4.72]. Smaller only (HR = 1.22; 95% CI = 0.70, 2.13) and larger only (HR = 1.27; 95% CI = 0.92, 1.74) groups showed associations with wide confidence intervals, unsupported statistically. A late midlife infarct profile including smaller and larger infarcts may represent particular vulnerability to dementia risk.
Efficacy of Glucose Metabolism-Related Indexes on the Risk and Severity of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhou Yujia , Dong Jingyi , Song Jingmei , Lvy Chaojie , Zhang Yuyan
Published: November 2022

Background:

Considering the strong correlation made between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and the pathology of glucose metabolism disorder, we sought to analyze the effects of fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, fasting plasma insulin (FINS) level, and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) on the risk and severity of AD.

Objective:

Reveal the pathological relationship between AD and insulin resistance.

Methods:

We searched 5 databases from inception through April 4, 2022. Meta-regression was conducted to identify if there were significant differences between groups. Shapiro-Wilk test and the Q-Q diagram were applied to evaluate the normality of variables. A multiple logistic regression model was employed to explore the association between FBG, FINS, HOMA-IR, and Mini-Mental State Examination scale score (MMSE).

Results:

47 qualified articles including 2,981 patients were enrolled in our study. FBG ( p < 0.001), FINS ( p < 0.001), and HOMA-IR ( p < 0.001) were higher in AD patients than in controls. HOMA-IR was negatively correlated with MMSE ( p = 0.001) and positively related to the sex ratio (male versus female) ( p < 0.05). HOMA-IR obeyed lognormal distribution ( p > 0.05), and the 95% bilateral boundary values were 0.73 and 10.67. FBG ( p = 0.479) was positively correlated to MMSE, while FINS ( p = 0.1657) was negatively correlated with MMSE.

Conclusion:

The increase in the levels of FBG, FINS, and HOMA-IR served as precise indicators of the risk of AD. HOMA-IR was found to be correlated to the increasing severity of AD, especially in male AD patients.
Implementing Palliative Care Teams Specialized in Dementia in Two Countries: Experiences of Failure and Success
Authors: van der Steen Jenny T. , van Leussen Carolien A. , Ballentine Joanne , Gribben Loretta , Reid Joanne , Hasson Felicity , Brazil Kevin , The B. Anne-Mei , McLaughlin Dorry
Published: November 2022

Much is known about palliative care needs of persons with dementia and their family. Less is known about how to successfully implement models that address those needs. We present specialist models in the Netherlands (2017-2018) and Northern Ireland (2016-2017) contrasting its evaluations. From implementation failure in the Netherlands compared with successful implementation in Northern Ireland, we learn that recognizing roles and competencies among all involved is essential in developing effective partnership relationships. All of this is facilitated by referral before the end of life and offering various training programs and in-patient and out-patient services and therapies to show benefits early.
Necroptosis and Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities
Authors: Zhang Ruxin , Song Yanrong , Su Xuefeng
Published: November 2022

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is considered to be the most common neurodegenerative disease, with clinical symptoms encompassing progressive memory loss and cognitive impairment. Necroptosis is a form of programmed necrosis that promotes cell death and neuroinflammation, which further mediates the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases, especially AD. Current evidence has strongly suggested that necroptosis is activated in AD brains, resulting in neuronal death and cognitive impairment. We searched the PubMed database, screening all articles published before September 28, 2022 related to necroptosis in the context of AD pathology. The keywords in the search included: “necroptosis”, “Alzheimer’s disease”, “signaling pathways”, “Aβ”, Aβo”, “Tau”, “p-Tau”, “neuronal death”, “BBB damage”, “neuroinflammation”, “microglia”, “mitochondrial dysfunction”, “granulovacuolar degeneration”, “synaptic loss”, “axonal degeneration”, “Nec-1”, “Nec-1s”, “GSK872”, “NSA”, “OGA”, “RIPK1”, “RIPK3”, and “MLKL”. Results show that necroptosis has been involved in multiple pathological processes of AD, including amyloid-β aggregation, Tau accumulation, neuronal death, and blood-brain barrier damage, etc. More importantly, existing research on AD necroptosis interventions, including drug intervention and potential gene targets, as well as its current clinical development status, was discussed. Finally, the issues pertaining to necroptosis in AD were presented. Accordingly, this review may provide further insight into clinical perspectives and challenges for the future treatment of AD by targeting the necroptosis pathway.
Improved Prediction of Amyloid-β and Tau Burden Using Hippocampal Surface Multivariate Morphometry Statistics and Sparse Coding
Authors: Wu Jianfeng ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Su Yi , Zhu Wenhui , Jalili Mallak Negar , Lepore Natasha , Reiman Eric M. , Caselli Richard J. , Thompson Paul M. , Chen Kewei , Wang Yalin
Published: November 2022

Background: Amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and tau protein tangles in the brain are the defining ‘A’ and ‘T’ hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and together with structural atrophy detectable on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans as one of the neurodegenerative (‘N’) biomarkers comprise the “ATN framework” of AD. Current methods to detect Aβ/tau pathology include cerebrospinal fluid (invasive), positron emission tomography (PET; costly and not widely available), and blood-based biomarkers (promising but mainly still in development). Objective: To develop a non-invasive and widely available structural MRI-based framework to quantitatively predict the amyloid and tau measurements. Methods: With MRI-based hippocampal multivariate morphometry statistics (MMS) features, we apply our Patch Analysis-based Surface Correntropy-induced Sparse coding and max-pooling (PASCS-MP) method combined with the ridge regression model to individual amyloid/tau measure prediction. Results: We evaluate our framework on amyloid PET/MRI and tau PET/MRI datasets from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Each subject has one pair consisting of a PET image and MRI scan, collected at about the same time. Experimental results suggest that amyloid/tau measurements predicted with our PASCP-MP representations are closer to the real values than the measures derived from other approaches, such as hippocampal surface area, volume, and shape morphometry features based on spherical harmonics. Conclusion: The MMS-based PASCP-MP is an efficient tool that can bridge hippocampal atrophy with amyloid and tau pathology and thus help assess disease burden, progression, and treatment effects.
Is Dementia Associated with COVID-19 Mortality? A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study Conducted in 50 Hospitals in Germany
Authors: Kostev Karel , Gessler Nele , Wohlmuth Peter , Arnold Dirk , Bein Berthold , Bohlken Jens , Herrlinger Klaus , Jacob Louis , Koyanagi Ai , Nowak Lorenz , Smith Lee , Wesseler Claas , Sheikhzadeh Sara , Wollmer Marc Axel
Published: November 2022

Background: Dementia has been identified as a major predictor of mortality associated with COVID-19. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between dementia and mortality in COVID-19 inpatients in Germany across a longer interval during the pandemic. Methods: This retrospective study was based on anonymized data from 50 hospitals in Germany and included patients with a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis hospitalized between March 11, 2020 and July, 20, 2022. The main outcome of the study was the association of mortality during inpatient stays with dementia diagnosis, which was studied using multivariable logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, and comorbidities as well as univariate logistic regression for matched pairs. Results: Of 28,311 patients diagnosed with COVID-19, 11.3% had a diagnosis of dementia. Prior to matching, 26.5% of dementia patients and 11.5% of non-dementia patients died; the difference decreased to 26.5% of dementia versus 21.7% of non-dementia patients within the matched pairs (n = 3,317). This corresponded to an increase in the risk of death associated with dementia (OR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.16–1.46) in the univariate regression conducted for matched pairs. Conclusion: Although dementia was associated with COVID-19 mortality, the association was weaker than in previously published studies. Further studies are needed to better understand whether and how pre-existing neuropsychiatric conditions such as dementia may impact the course and outcome of COVID-19.
Grey relational analysis method for building material suppliers selection based on the 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic number
Authors: Lin Jiaoqing , Yu Rui , Xu Xinrui
Published: November 2022

The construction of real estate projects is a large and complex system project, and the completion of the construction goals on time and with quality is the key to the sustainable development of construction enterprises. In the process of real estate project construction, the management performance of building decoration material suppliers will directly affect the efficiency of real estate enterprises. How to correctly evaluate the building material suppliers (BMSs) of real estate enterprises and establish a good partnership affects the economic benefits of the enterprise and the possibility of subsequent cooperation between the two sides, which has become one of the issues of importance to real estate enterprises. The selection and application of BMSs is the MAGDM. In this defined paper, the defined 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic number (2TLNN) grey relational analysis (2TLNN-GRA) decision method is generated based on GRA and 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic sets (2TLNSs). The 2TLNN-GRA method is generated for MAGDM. Finally, the decision example for BMSs selection is generated and some comparisons is generated.
Design and simulation of Advanced intelligent deep learning MPPT approach to enhance power extraction of 1000 W grid connected Photovoltaic System
Authors: Sreenivasulu A. , Subramanian S. , Sangameswara Raju P.
Published: November 2022

The world’s energy offer has been beneath an incredible pressure because of the speedy depletion of fossil resources, energy security, environmental issues and therefore the ever-increasing fashionable living sophistication. The problem of persistent hikes in oil costs, climate threats and soaring energy demand has pleased the worldwide interest to exploiting and investment in renewable sorts of energy (RE), alternative energy specially. A electrical phenomenon, PV system is simple to put in, has no moving components, is sort of freed from maintenance, reduced vulnerability to power loss and is expandable. Despite these benefits, PV energy prices significantly on top of fossil fuels. This can be because of its lower effectiveness and better prices. In PV systems tracking MPPT in effective manner is still the problem. In this paper, the 1000 W grid connected PV system has been taken for analysis of various MPPT techniques. Grid connected PV system modeled, tested under totally different irradiation conditions and conjointly for partial shading conditions. additional it’s enforced under partial shading condition for early MPPT ways, improvement methodology,at finally adopted deep learning methodology for the system and therefore the obtained results were compared with different methods.
Cooperative spectrum sensing based hybrid machine learning technique for prediction of secondary user in cognitive radio networks
Authors: Paramasivam Thuraipandi Sivagurunathan , Nagarajan Sathish Kumar
Published: November 2022

The spectrum scarcity problem in today’s wireless communication network is addressed through the use of a cognitive radio network (CRN). Detection in the spectrum is made easier by cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS), which is a tool developed by the military. The fusion centre receives the sensing information from each secondary user and uses it to make a global conclusion about the presence of the principal user. Literature has offered several different methods for decision making that lack scalability and robustness. CSS censoring is inspected in the attendance of faded settings in the current study. Rayleigh fading, which affects reporting channels (R), is examined in detail. Multiple antennae and an energy detector (ED) are used by each secondary user (SU). A selection combiner (SC) combines the ED outputs with signals from the primary user (PU), which are established by several antennas on SU, before the joint signal is utilised to make a local result. SUs are expurgated at the fusion centre (FC) using a hybrid Support Vector Machine (SVM) that significantly improves detection performance and reduces the number of false positives. With a minimum false alarm probability of 0.1, error rate of 0.04, spectrum utilization of 99%, throughput of 2.9kbps and accuracy of 99%, proposed model attains better performance than standard SVM and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models.
Very cold and ultra cold neutron sources for ESS
Authors: Zanini L. , Dian E. , DiJulio D.D. , Folsom B. , Klinkby E.B. , Kokai Z. , Marquez Damian J.I. , Rataj B. , Rizzi N. , Santoro V. , Strothmann M. , Takibayev A. , Wagner R. , Zimmer O.
Published: November 2022

The goal of the “Workshop on Very Cold and Ultra Cold Neutron Sources for ESS” was to discuss scientific cases, ideas and possibilities for the implementation of sources of Very Cold and Ultra Cold neutrons at the European Spallation Source. The ESS facility, presently under construction, offers several possibilities for in-pile UCN or VCN sources, in primis thanks to the available space below the spallation target where additional neutron sources can be placed to complement those above the target. Neutron beams can be extracted over a wide angular range with a grid of forty-two beamports with 6° average angular separation, allowing future instruments to be installed which may view either the upper or lower moderator systems. Of greatest interest for fundamental physics is the so-called Large Beamport foreseen for the NNBAR experiment. This beamport is also particularly well suited to feed a UCN source, for which several ideas were presented that employ either superfluid helium or solid deuterium as established neutron converter materials. Concepts for VCN sources make use of novel materials for VCN production and/or advanced reflectors to increase yields in the coldest part of the neutron spectrum from a cryogenic neutron source. In this paper we discuss these ideas and the possible locations of UCN and VCN sources at ESS.
Common Pines of Florida
Authors: Proctor Niels , Monroe Martha C.
Published: November 2022

Pine trees are highly important to Florida’s ecosystems and economy. There are seven species of native pines, and each grows best in a particular environment. People have found varied uses for each species as well. Several species are of commercial value and are cultivated and managed to provide useful products such as paper, industrial chemicals, and lumber. Some species are also managed to enhance wildlife habitat and to provide attractive landscapes. Of course, many pines grow naturally. Like any natural resource, pines may provide more benefits if they are managed wisely. This 11-page fact sheet gives an overview of the features and identification of the major pines found in Florida. Written by Niels Proctor and Martha Monroe, and published by the School of Forest Resources and Conservation, April 2016.
FOR21/FR003: Common Pines of Florida (ufl.edu)
Why is Exposure to Nature Important in Early Childhood?
Authors: Poppell Kristen R. , Monroe Martha C.
Published: November 2022

Early childhood is a crucial period for the physical and cognitive development of children. Most people who care for young children realize that children benefit from playing outside, but caretakers might not have ready access to the literature that supports their observations. This 4-page fact sheet reviews some of the literature that shows that young children need to go outside and be around nature regularly. It describes some of the benefits children (and adults!) gain from learning and playing outdoors and includes suggestions for several resources for parents, teachers, and caretakers who hope to increase these opportunities for their youngsters. Written by Kristen Poppell and Martha C. Monroe, and published by the School of Forest Resources and Conservation, October 2015.
FOR326/FR394: Why is Exposure to Nature Important in Early Childhood? (ufl.edu)
Chronic Kidney Disease: Phosphorus and Your Diet
Authors: Gal Nancy J. , Headrick Lauren , Bennett Kate , Dahl Wendy J.
Published: November 2022

Phosphorous is an essential mineral necessary for the formation of bones and teeth, but also for kidney function and the regulation of muscle contractions, heartbeat, and nerve transmission. High blood levels of phosphorus may lead to adverse effects on bone, kidney, and heart health. When there is too much phosphorus in the blood, the body reacts by leaching calcium from the bones. This can be especially dangerous for those with Chronic Kidney Disease. This 4-page fact sheet discusses the relationship between Chronic Kidney Disease and Phosphorous intake, examining foods that are high in phosphorous and ways to manage phosphorous levels. Written by Nancy J. Gal, Lauren Headrick, Kate Bennett, and Wendy J. Dahl, and published by the Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, December 2015.
FSHN15-10/FS273: Chronic Kidney Disease: Phosphorus and Your Diet (ufl.edu)
Freeze Damage Symptoms and Recovery for Citrus
Authors: Zekri Mongi , Oswalt W. Chris , Futch Steve , England Gary , McAvoy Camille , Hurner Laurie , Platts Parker
Published: November 2022

Citrus trees are evergreen, never become fully dormant, and cannot withstand temperatures as low as those tolerated by deciduous trees. But citrus trees can become preconditioned or acclimated to cool air temperatures that occur in late fall and winter. One of the best ways to lessen cold injury and to hasten recovery from cold damage is to maintain healthy trees. This 5-page fact sheet discusses the symptoms of freeze damage and ways to help recover trees that have been damaged. Written by Mongi Zekri, Chris Oswalt, Steve Futch, Gary England, Camille McAvoy, Laurie Hurner, and Parker Platts, and published by the Horticultural Sciences Department, January 2016.
HS1275/HS1275: Freeze Damage Symptoms and Recovery for Citrus (ufl.edu)
Potato Vine Killing or Desiccation
Authors: Zotarelli Lincoln , Sargent Steven , Dittmar Peter , Makani Mildred
Published: November 2022

Proper tuber maturity at harvest is an important factor in producing high-quality fresh-market potatoes. Tuber maturity is generally recognized as an important determinant of storage ability and cooking quality. Maturation can be artificially induced by killing the potato vines prior to harvest. This will benefit tuber appearance, limit tuber size, and improve tuber release from the vine. This revised 4-page fact sheet describes the importance of tuber maturation, potato vine killing timing and available methods, and how to determine when to vine kill and when to harvest after vine kill. Written by Lincoln Zotarelli, Steven Sargent, Peter Dittmar, and Mildred Makani, and published by the Horticultural Sciences Department, January 2016.
HS925/HS181: Potato Vine Killing or Desiccation (ufl.edu)
Pineapple Mealybug, Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)
Authors: Egelie Ashley A. , Gillett-Kaufman Jennifer L.
Published: November 2022

This EDIS publication is an alternate version of a page published first on the Featured Creatures website. The Featured Creatures collection provides in-depth profiles of insects, nematodes, arachnids and other organisms relevant to Florida. These profiles are intended for the use of interested laypersons with some knowledge of biology as well as academic audiences. This 5-page fact sheet that discusses the pineapple mealybug was written by Ashley A. Egelie and Jennifer L. Gillett-Kaufman, and published by the UF Entomology and Nematology Department, October 2015.

EENY635/IN1106: Pineapple Mealybug, Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) (ufl.edu)
Lesser Wax Moth Achroia grisella Fabricius (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Authors: Egelie Ashley A. , Mortensen Ashley N. , Barber Lynn , Sullivan Jessica , Ellis James D.
Published: November 2022

This EDIS publication is an alternate version of a page published first on the Featured Creatures website. The Featured Creatures collection provides in-depth profiles of insects, nematodes, arachnids and other organisms relevant to Florida. These profiles are intended for the use of interested laypersons with some knowledge of biology as well as academic audiences. This 4-page fact sheet that discusses the lesser wax moth was written by Ashley A. Egelie, Ashley N. Mortensen, Lynn Barber, Jessica Sullivan, and James D. Ellis, and published by the UF Entomology and Nematology Department, November 2015.

EENY637/IN1108: Lesser Wax Moth Achroia grisella Fabricius (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (ufl.edu)
Paper Wasp, Red Wasp (Suggested Common Names) Polistes carolina (L.) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae)
Authors: Paulus Lizzie , Lucky Andrea
Published: November 2022

This EDIS publication is an alternate version of a page published first on the Featured Creatures website. The Featured Creatures collection provides in-depth profiles of insects, nematodes, arachnids and other organisms relevant to Florida. These profiles are intended for the use of interested laypersons with some knowledge of biology as well as academic audiences. This 3-page fact sheet that discusses the paper wasp was written by Lizzie Paulus and Andrea Lucky, and published by the UF Entomology and Nematology Department, November 2015.

EENY640/IN1112: Paper Wasp, Red Wasp (Suggested Common Names) Polistes carolina (L.) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae) (ufl.edu)
Savvy Survey #6d: Constructing Indices for a Questionnaire
Authors: Kumar Chaudhary Anil , Israel Glenn D.
Published: November 2022

One of the Savvy Survey Series, this article will help Extension agents understand indexes and how to use them when evaluating an educational program. This 6-page fact sheet provides an overview of constructing indices for a questionnaire. Specifically, it will discuss why composite measures like index numbers are important, what the index number means, the difference between indexes and scales, steps for the construction of indexes, and recommendations for use by Extension educators. Written by Anil Kumar Chaudhary and Glenn D. Israel, and published by the Agricultural Education and Communication Department, December 2015.
AEC399/PD069: The Savvy Survey #6d: Constructing Indices for a Questionnaire (ufl.edu)
Environmental, Social, Governance - Sustainability Disclosure Using International Financial Reporting Sustainability Standards S1 in Southeast Asian Companies: A Preliminary Assessment
Authors: Pratama Arie , Jaenudin Edi , Anas Syaiful
Published: November 2022

This research aims to analyse the gaps in a company’s annual reports related to the disclosure requirements in the International Financial Reporting Sustainability Standard (IFRS) S1 and compare them to other companies and business sectors in Southeast Asia. This research analyses 224 companies listed on Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG)-related indexes in Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia and Malaysia. The assessment was done using a disclosure quality matrix consisting of four criteria: (1) Governance (GOV); (2) Strategy (STR); (3) Risk (RSK); and (4) Target and Metrics (MTR). The results of the study show that: (1) Based on the extent and quality of the disclosures, almost all companies fully disclosed GOV, STR and RSK but not MTR; (2) In general, there is a difference between the extent and quality of the disclosures among countries and industries; (3) From the four clusters formed, 94 out of 224 companies classified in the best clusters, while only 12 out of 224 companies classified in the worst clusters. This research implies that there is still much to be done to improve sustainability reporting, including an effort to reduce disparities in the quality and extent of disclosure between countries and business sectors.
A Dual Ka/Q-Band Reflectarray
Authors: Polenga S. V. , Erokhin A. A. , Ryazantsev R. O. , Poligina A. D. , Krylov R. M. , Litinskaya E. A. , Gafarov E. R. , Aleksandrin A. M. , Salomatov Yu. P. , Danilov I. Yu.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. Duplex satellite communication is commonly arranged using two spaced frequency bands, with one band receiving and the other band transmitting signals to a satellite. The main task of a communications satellite antenna system consists in providing an identical coverage area across all involved frequency bands, which is often a challenging task for conventional parabolic reflector antennas. Reflectarrays allow an independent control of the reradiated wave phase in spaced frequency bands, which can be used to create efficient multi-band antenna systems for modern communication satellites.

Aim. To develop a Ka/Q-frequency range phase-correcting element and to create on its basis a dual-band reflectarray for operation with orthogonal circular polarizations and identical gains in a given sector of angles in significantly spaced frequency ranges.

Materials and methods. Numerical studies were carried out using the finite element analysis method. Radiation patterns were measured using the near field scanning method.

Results. A single-layer dual-band phase-correcting reflectarray element was developed for operation with orthogonal circular polarizations with low losses and a weak dependence of the relative position of the elements on the phase characteristic. On the basis of the proposed element, a reflectarray consisting of 24 465 two-frequency elements was synthesized and manufactured. The developed prototype of a single-layer dual-band reflectarray demonstrated good characteristics, with the efficiency reaching 56 and 36 % in the Ka- and Q-frequency ranges, respectively, and an almost identical minimum gain in the ±0.75° angle sector.

Conclusion. The research results confirm the potential of the developed reflectarray to successfully replace conventional parabolic reflectors installed both on modern communication satellites and as part of ground-based satellite terminals in the millimeter wavelength range.
A Method of Spatial Processing for a Railway Crossing Control Radar System
Authors: Kuzin A. A. , Miakinkov A. V. , Fomina K. S. , Shabalin S. A.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. Railway crossing is a source of increased danger for vehicles and pedestrians. To increase the safety of traffic at railway crossings, radar systems based on antenna arrays (AA) can be used. The important requirements for radar at a railway crossing are a wide field of view (up to 90 degrees) and, at the same time, a high accuracy in determining coordinates. Therefore, an analysis of methods for constructing AAs and spatial processing for an automatic traffic control system at a railway crossing seems to be a relevant research task.  

Aim. Design of a method for constructing the topology of an AA and spatial processing of a radar system for monitoring traffic at a railway crossing, providing a wide field of view with a high accuracy in determining the coordinates of targets.  

Materials and methods. The considered method was developed based on the theory of space-time signal processing. The design of the analyzed AA topologies was carried out by the finite element method (FEM) and the finite differ-ence time domain method (FDTD) based on segments of a microstrip transmission line.  

Results. A method for constructing a filled transceiver antenna array and a beamforming algorithm, which provide high angular resolution and unambiguous measurement of the target's angular coordinates in a wide field of view with relatively low computational complexity, was developed. Mathematical and electrodynamic modeling of the designed AA topologies was performed. Adjusted values of the radiation patterns (RP) of the transmitting and receiving AA were obtained, which showed good agreement with the calculated values. The main design solutions regarding the construction of AA radar for a railway crossing control system are presented to provide a wide field of view when determining the coordinates of targets.  

Conclusion. It was shown that the width of the resulting RP can be reduced by several times compared to the width of the receiving RP when using two transmitting antennas located at the edges of the aperture. This approach is similar to that used in the MIMO technology, although requiring no coherence of transmission channels and use of a system of orthogonal signals. The findings determine the prospects of using the developed method.
TRAINING AND ASSISTANCE IN PIRT REGISTRATION PROCEDURES TO INCREASE MSME EXISTENCE
Authors: Zusnita Wa Ode , Alamanda Amelia Rizky , Islam Usman Tinumbang Mushab
Published: November 2022

In today's global era, food safety and health is becoming more complex because food safety is multi-sectoral and multidisciplinary. As we all know, there is no doubt that quality assurance of food safety throughout the food chain is a must without ignoring the fact that more than 200 diseases are spread through daily food. This is the main reason for the government to create a Home Industry Food Production Certification (SPP-IRT) as a guarantee of health quality and food safety from MSMEs (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) households. However, the lack of home industry products that have SPP-IRT is a challenge and a problem for the government, society, and MSMEs themselves. Through this mentoring program and by using community empowerment methods, it is hoped that it can increase knowledge related to SPP-IRT to the wider community, especially home industry activists. The result of this community empowerment is the widespread dissemination of information regarding Home Industry Food Production Certification and the increase in SPP-IRT registrants after this activity takes place. Of course, the success of this activity was accompanied by support from the Ministry of Communication and Information (Kominfo) and Padjadjaran University. The hope is that this program can solve the problem of the lack of MSME participation related to the registration of SPP-IRT for their products.
Long Non-Coding RNA FAM66C Promotes Prostate Cancer Metastasis via JNK-Mediated Proteasome and Lysosomal Pathway
Authors: Qin Zhenqian , Li Kongdong , Gu Jie , Xie Yimin , Yuan Xuefeng
Published: November 2022

Purpose To identify the role of long non-coding RNA FAM66C in the metastatic progression of prostate cancer cells and its underlying mechanisms.
Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data was utilized to determine the relative expression of lncRNA FAM66C in prostate cancer patients with lymph node metastasis. Knockdown FAM66C by siRNA was performed to investigate the effects of FAM66C in cell migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by wound healing assay and Western blotting. The proteasome inhibitor MG132 and lysosomal inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) were used to determine the effect of these pathways in FAM66C-regulated cell migration. The c-jun-N-Terminal Kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125 was used to identify the role of JNK signaling in FAM66C-regulated cell migration and the proteasome and lysosome pathways.
Results A lower expression of lncRNA FAM66C was noted in the most prostate cancer patients. Knockdown of FAM66C in human prostate cancer DU145 and PC-3 cells promoted EMT and cell migration, which was suppressed by proteasomal inhibitor MG132 and lysosomal inhibitor CQ. Knockdown of FAM66C induced JNK signaling, cell migration and invasion, and activation of proteasome and lysosome pathways were suppressed by JNK inhibitor SP600125.
Conclusion This study provided new evidence of the role of lncRNA FAM66C in the regulation of JNK signaling mediated proteasome and lysosome pathways affecting migration ability of prostate cancer cells.
Determinants of Change of Board of Directors in Transportation Sector Companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Ricky  , Haryadi Dedi
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that affect the change of directors. The independent variables used in this study consisted of the effective tax rate (ETR), price to book value (PBV), and net profit margin (NPM). The population in this study amounted to 28 companies in the transportation sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and only 22 issuers who were sampled using the purposive sampling method related to the criteria for issuers to have been listed on the stock exchange before 2019. The form of this research is the associative test. The data analysis technique used logistic regression analysis. The results of the study were processed with the help of SPSS version 25 and showed that the level of profitability as measured by the net profit margin had a negative effect on the turnover of directors, while the effective tax rate and firm value proxied by price to book value had no effect on the decision to change directors.
What Collaboration Entails: From the Traitorous to Team Care
Authors: Fox Stephanie
Published: November 2022

Keynote speech at Vuorovaikutuksen tutkimuksen päivät 1.10.2022 in Tampere.
Pääkirjoitus
Authors: Virtanen Ira A. , Ala-Kortesmaa Sanna , Herkama Sanna , Laapotti Tomi
Published: November 2022

Pääkirjoitus
Viestinnän ja vuorovaikutuksen tieteellinen aikakauslehti Prologi. vol. 18, nro 1.
Development of a Method for the Quantitative Determination of Genisten for the Certification of a Certified Reference Material
Authors: Zhigalina A. A. , Strelova O. Yu. , Grebenyuk A. N.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. One of the priority directions in the development of modern pharmacy is the search for new highly effective pharmaceutical substances with a high spectrum of pharmacological action and low toxicity. As a result of studies conducted by a number of authors, positive results have been shown for the use of genistein for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases and osteoporosis in menopausal women. It exhibits hypocholesterolemic and antidiabetic effects, as well as radioprotective properties. A comparative evaluation of genistein from soybean seed cake [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and synthesized by SPC "Pharmzashchita" and the department of chemical technology of medicinal substances, SPCPU was carried out. Studies of natural genistein by GC-MS showed the presence of an admixture of a related isoflavone, daidzein, in the sample. The synthesized genistein was assessed in terms of qualitative analysis.

Aim. The aim of our study was to develop a method for the quantitative determination of genistein for its certification as a CRM.

Materials and methods. The object of the study was 96 % genistein (abcr. Gute Chemie, Германия). Quantitative determination by non-aqueous titration was carried out on a laboratory pH meter F20 (METTLER TOLEDO, USA) in a reagent grade DMFA medium (JSC "EKOS-1", Russia). The HPLC study was carried out on an Agilent 1200 Series high-performance liquid chromatograph LC-20 Prominence (Shimadzu, Japan).

Results and discussion. The method of non-aqueous titration in DMFA medium which recommended by the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation XIV edition, titrant 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution, was used as the basis for the development of a method for the quantitative determination of genistein. The end point of the titration was set using thymol blue indicator. However, the difficulty in visual fixation by changing the color of the indicator was noted. It has been proposed to use a potentiometric end-point determination. For the quantitative determination of genistein in dietary supplements and drugs containing this substance a HPLC method was proposed.

Conclusion. A method for non-aqueous titration of genistein with potentiometric end-point determination in DMFA medium has been developed. The integral curve is not very informative for a clear definition of the titration end point. It is recommended to use a differential curve. The validation evaluation of the obtained results showed that the method is trueness (RSD, % = 1.25), precision (RSD, % = 1.21) and intermediate precision (on the first day of RSD, % = 1.21, on the second day of RSD, % = 1.41).
Development and Validation of HPLC Method for Identification of Ramipril in Printed Tablets and Filaments
Authors: Tihonova V. V. , Terenteva O. A. , Gusev K. A. , Flisyuk E. V. , Maimistov D. N.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. 3D printing has shown its usefulness as a drug manufacturing technology over the past decade. However, the lack of regulated methods for quality control of finished printed drugs imposes a limitation on the widespread use of 3D printing methods in pharmaceutical practice. Thus, the development of methods for the analysis of printed dosage forms is of interest in pharmaceutical development.

Aim. To develop a specific method for the determination of ramipril in filaments and printlets by HPLC.

Materials and methods. Substance: ramipril. Excipients: Kollidon® VA 64, Kollidon® CL-F, PEG-1500, sodium carbonate anhydrous, Poloxamer-188, sodium stearyl fumarate. Reagents: hydrochloric acid, acetonitrile for ultra-HPLC, sodium octanesulfonate for HPLC, orthophosphoric acid 85 %, sodium perchlorate analytical grade, triethylamine. Standard: ramipril USP (No 1598303).

Results and discussion. A special HPLC method in accordance with an ion-pair reagent (sodium octanesulfonate) for the determination of ramipril in the composition of filaments and printets was proposed.

Conclusion. The developed chromatographic method should be adapted for ramipril release determination. This method can be used to quantify ramipril in further studies.
Development and Validation of Eltrombopag Determination in Human Plasma Blood by HPLC-MS Method
Authors: AL-Dhuraibi А. М. , Kulikov A. L. , Pokrovskiy M. V.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. "Eltrombopag" is a thrombopoietin receptor agonist (TPO-RA) that is approved for the treatment of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). According to the literature, very few analytical methods for determining eltrombopag in biological samples have been reported. To study the pharmacokinetics of new formulations of eltrombopag, a sensitive and specific method is required that allows one to accurately determine the concentration of eltrombopag in human blood plasma. Normally, HPLC methods should provide time, accuracy, and sensitivity as a result, it is necessary to develop fast or ultra-fast methods such as LC-MS/MS without any loss in sensitivity or separation efficiency.

Aim. We aimed to develop and validate a method for the quantitative determination of eltrombopag levels in human plasma by using HPLC with mass spectrometric detection for performing the analytical part of pharmacokinetic studies.

Materials and methods. Eltrombopag levels were determined in human plasma by HPLC with mass spectrometric detection. The samples were prepared using protein deposition.

Results and discussion. The method was validated for selectivity, matrix effect, calibration curve, accuracy, precision, the limit of quantification, carry-over effect, and sample stability.

Conclusion. The method for the determination of eltrombopag levels in human plasma has been developed and validated by HPLC-MS. The analytical range of eltrombopag levels in human plasma was 10–6750 ng/ml. This method could be used to determine eltrombopag levels in plasma for PK and BE studies.
Clinical Testing of a New Radiopharmaceutical [99mТс]-Al2O3 for the Diagnosis of Sentinel Lymph Nodes
Authors: Medvedeva А. A. , Chernov V. I. , Zelchan R. V. , Bragina O. D. , Rybina A. A. , Skuridin V. S. , Stasyuk E. S. , Chizhevskaya S. Yu. , Goldberg A. V. , Garbukov E. Yu.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. In modern oncology, the identification of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN), the first nodes that stand on the way of malignant tumor metastasis, is of increasing interest. Detection of SLN followed by morphological examination allows personalizing the surgical intervention for early breast cancer, melanoma, head and neck tumors, neoplasms of the cervix and endometrium. Currently, there is an active development of specific radiopharmaceuticals for SLN imaging. Within the framework of the grant from the Federal Target Program "Pharma-2020", an original radiopharmaceutical using gamma aluminum oxide – [99mТс]-Al2O3 was developed. Preclinical studies have been demonstrated its effectiveness and safety. Pharmacokinetic studies of [99mTc]-Al2O3 showed that 24 hours after its subcutaneous administration, about 12 % of the administered dose is accumulated in the SLN, which gives possibility for its detection.

Aim. To study the possibility of clinical [99mTc]-Al2O3 using for visualization of SLN in breast, larynx and laryngopharyngeal cancer.

Materials and methods. The definition of SLN was carried out in 55 patients with breast cancer and 30 patients with malignant tumors of the larynx and laryngopharynx. The study included peritumoral radiopharmaceutical injection, single-photon emission computed tomography with qualitative and quantitative analysis of the images and radioguided surgery detection of lymph nodes with their subsequent morphological examination.

Results and discussion. Clinical studies have shown that radionuclide imaging of SLN using [99mTc]-Al2O3 is characterized by high sensitivity in breast cancer, larynx and laryngopharyngeal cancer patients (94.5 and 90 %, respectively), due to the high-intensity accumulation of this radiopharmaceutical in the lymph nodes. The optimal time point for SPECT and radioguided examination is an interval of 18–20 hours after injection of [99mTc]-Al2O3, which allows visualizing the maximum possible number of lymph nodes with the most optimal level of radioactivity for their detection.

Conclusion. Application of radionuclide imaging of SLN with the use of [99mTc]-Al2O3 as a radiopharmaceutical is useful in planning surgical treatment of patients with tumors of the breast, larynx and laryngopharynx to determine the extent of surgery.
Lycium: Prospects of Application in Pharmacy of Plant Raw Materials Containing Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Polysaccharides and Other Biologically Active Substances of the Solanaceae Family Plants (Review)
Authors: Tupa B. , Potanina O. G. , Uspenskaya E. V.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. The review is dedicated to the scientific analysis of the composition, properties and features of the biological effects on the man's organism of the Lycium Fruit as a prospective plant raw material for the production of innovative drugs.

Text. The most important aspects related to plant raw materials of various types of Lycium are considered, such as, the worldwide prevalence of plants and the unification of raw materials numerous synonymous names, the generalization of pharmacopoeia data, the qualitative and quantitative composition of Lycium components, their structural features, biological effects on vital body systems. The review also presents the problem of the absence of general pharmacopoeia monographs on Lycium raw materials in Russia, despite the cultivation of Lyceum ruthenicum M. plants in Russia. This fact opens up significant opportunities to develop the Russian regulatory document for Lycium, as a promising pharmaceutical raw material.

Conclusion. The obtained results demonstrate the potential of introducing into pharmacy a new type of pharmaceutical raw material and a new finished products based on them, as well as predicting the biological activity of the substances of Lycium fruit and mechanisms of alkaloids, flavonoids, polysaccharides and Lycium carotenoids action.
Application of Solid Dispersion Technology to Obtain a Model of Injectable Dosage Form of Indolocarbazole Derivative
Authors: Kolpaksidi A. P. , Dmitrieva M. V. , Orlova O. L. , Ektova L. V. , Krasniuk I. I.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia synthesized an original derivative of indolocarbazole with the carbohydrate residue xylose, which has a pronounced cytotoxic and anti-angiogenic activity. The substance LCS-1269 is an amorphous powder that is almost insoluble in water, which causes difficulties in the development of an injectable dosage form (IDP). To solve this problem, a technological approach to obtain a solid dispersion (SD) of LCS-1269 has been proposed.

Aim. To develop a model of IDP of the indolocarbazole derivative LCS-1269 based on SD.

Materials and methods. We used a substance LCS-1269 synthesized in the Chemical Synthesis Laboratory of the N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology. Emuxol 268, Kolliphor® P 188, Soluplus®, Lutrol® F68, Kollidon® 12 and Kollidon® 17, soybean phosphatidylcholine unsaturated S PC and saturated S PC-3 were investigated as carriers of the active substance. SD LCS-1269 was obtained by solvent removal: the active substance was dissolved in acetone, the carrier − in chloroform, the obtained solutions were mixed, transferred into a bottle and evaporated under vacuum (50 ± 5 mbar) in the desiccator at water bath temperature 65 ± 2 °С. To obtain aqueous solution of LCS-1269 dry mass was dissolved using different auxiliary substances or their mixtures: water for injection, ethanol 95 %, benzyl alcohol, Kollisolv® PEG 400, MONTANOX™ 80. To increase stability, the aqueous solution of LCS-1269 was lyophilized in an Edwards Minifast DO.2 freeze dryer.

Results and discussion. Kollidon® 17 was chosen as the carrier material for the SD active substance. It was found that a clear solution of LCS-1269 with the concentration of the active substance 0.5 % was formed by dissolving the SD in ethanol 95 % and then gradually diluting the alcohol mixture with water for injection. In this case, the mass ratio of the components of the developed model IDF LCS : Kollidon® 17 : ethanol : water is 1 : 40 : 32 : 127. As a result of freeze-drying of the water-ethanol solution of LCS-1269 the IDF in the form of lyophilizate easily soluble in a 10 % solution of ethanol was obtained.

Conclusion. An IDF model of the hydrophobic derivative of indolocarbazole LCS-1269 based on SD was developed and submitted for biological studies to evaluate its effectiveness.