bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Outcomes of Infections in Critically-ill Paediatric Oncology Patients: A Retrospective Observation Study
Authors: Leung Karen K.Y. , Ho Pak Leung , Wong Sally C.Y. , Chan Wilson Y.K. , Hon Kam Lun Ellis
Published: January 2024

Purpose:

The survival of paediatric oncology patients has improved substantially in the
past decades due to advances in the field of oncology. Modern cancer treatments often come with
life-threatening complications, of which infection is one of the most common causes in this patient
population. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and outcomes of common infections
in haemato-oncology patients during their stay in paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and
to identify any factors associated with these infections

Methods:

A retrospective observational study was conducted on all children with a haemato-oncology
diagnosis or who underwent haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and who were
admitted to the Hong Kong Children’s Hospital PICU over a one-year period. Infection characteristics
and patient outcomes were evaluated and compared between different sub-groups. Univariable
and multi-variable analyses were employed to identify risk factors associated with the development
of active infection.

Results:

Forty-five (36.3%) of 124 critically ill haemato-oncology admissions to PICU were associated
with infections, of which 31 (25%) admissions involved bacterial infections, 26 (20.9%) involved
viral infections and 6 (4.8%) involved fungal infections. Bloodstream infection was the
most common type of infection. More than half (61.3%) of the bacterial infections were due to an
antibiotic-resistant strain. After adjusting for confounding variables, post-HSCT status and neutropenia
were significantly associated with active infections.

Conclusion:

Infections in critically-ill haemato-oncological patients are associated with post haematopoietic
stem cell transplant status and neutropenia. Further study is warranted to review effective
strategies that may mitigate the likelihood of infection in this patient population.
Serum Gamma Glutamyl Transferase: Understanding its Contribution as a Potential Predictor of the Occurrence of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Anupam Sristi , Goel Simran , Bhatti Karun , Mehta Dinesh Kumar , Das Rina
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

The liver and kidneys are the primary locations of the glutathione metabolism enzyme gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT). The two main factors contributing to an
increase are hepatic illnesses and excessive alcohol use. This study set out to test a theory on the
predictive importance of the association between GGT and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. (T2DM).

Methods:

In order to do this, we combed through PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, and Science Direct for a wide range of information from previous studies. Attributes were established at
the outset and compared to GGT concentration.

Result:

GGT, present in most cells, absorbs glutathione for intracellular antioxidant defences.
This study links GGT to hepatic enzymes including HDL, LDL, and triglyceride. LDL, triglycerides, AST, and ALT increased with GGT concentration, but LDL decreased. Because of obesity,
GGT production rises with BMI. We found that greater GGT levels were associated with more
T2DM after analysing data from multiple sources.

Conclusion:

This literature review concludes that GGT is related to other factors such as BMI,
HDL, AST, and triglycerides in the development of diabetes mellitus. Serum GGT was found to
be a potential predictor of metabolic syndrome and T2DM
Diabetic Retinopathy Leading to Blindness- A Review
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Kumar Ranjeet , Sharma Amit
Published: January 2024

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes
that damages the retina, leading to blindness. People with type 1 diabetes are at greater risk of
developing DR than people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy may be divided into two
primary categories: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy
(NPDR). There are multiple risk factors for the onset and progression of diabetic retinopathy,
such as hypertension, obesity, smoking, duration of diabetes, and genetics. Numerous
investigations have evaluated the levels of a wide range of inflammatory chemokines within DR
patients' serum, vitreous, and aqueous fluids. In diabetic retinopathy, the vitreous fluid exhibited
rises in angiogenic factors like platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or vascular endothelial
growth factor (VEGF) or declines in antiangiogenic factors like pigment epithelium-derived factor
(PEDF). For prevention of diabetic retinopathy, more physical activity as well as less sedentary
behavior were linked to a reduced likelihood of DR. Supplementing with nutraceuticals containing
vitamins (B1, B2, B6, B12, C, D, E, and l-methyl folate) and mineral (zinc) can help decrease or
avoid an outbreak of DR. Only laser photocoagulation and Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor
(Anti-VEGF) injections are advised as favorable therapies in severe retinopathy. When it comes
to treating DR's VEGF levels, inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and angiogenesis, Traditional
Chinese medicine (TCM) has an excellent future.
Future is Brighter: New Potential Paradigm-Shifting Medications and
Regimens for Diabetes and Obesity
Authors: Al-Horani Rami A. , Aliter Kholoud F. , Aliter Hashem F.
Published: January 2024

Diabetes is a chronic illness that can become debilitating owing to its microvascular
and macrovascular complications. Its prevalence is increasing and so is its cost. Diabetes, particularly
type 2, appears to have a very close relationship with obesity. While lifestyle modifications,
exercises, and current therapeutics have substantially improved clinical outcomes, the need for
new therapeutics and regimens continue to exist. Several new medications and regimens for diabetes,
obesity, and diabesity are showing promising results in advanced clinical trials. For type 1
diabetes mellitus (T1DM), they include teplizumab, ustekinumab, jakinibs, and cell therapies,
whereas for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), they include once-weakly insulin, tirzepatide, high
oral dose of semaglutide, orforglipron, retatrutide, CagriSema, and survodutide. Given their structural
and mechanistic diversity as well as their substantial efficacy and safety profiles, these medications
and regimens are paradigm shifting and promise a brighter future. They will likely enable
better disease prevention and management. This review will provide details about each of the
above strategies to keep the scientific community up to date about progress in the fields of diabetes
and obesity
Association between Gut Microbiota Compositions with Microvascular
Complications in Individuals with Diabetes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hasani Motahareh , Asadi Pilerud Zahra , Kami Atefe , Abbas Vaezi Amir , Sobhani Sahar , Ejtahed Hanieh-Sadat , Qorbani Mostafa
Published: January 2024

Background:

Diabetes is one of the chronic and very complex diseases that can lead to
microvascular complications. Recent evidence demonstrates that dysbiosis of the microbiota
composition might result in low-grade, local, and systemic inflammation, which contributes directly
to the development of diabetes mellitus and its microvascular consequences.

Objective:

The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the association between diabetes
microvascular complications, including retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, and gut microbiota
composition.

Methods:

A systematic search was carried out in PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science from
database inception to March 2023. Screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed
by two independent authors. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was used
for quality assessment.

Results:

About 19 articles were selected from 590 retrieved articles. Among the included studies,
nephropathy has been studied more than other complications of diabetes, showing that the composition
of the healthy microbiota is changed, and large quantities of uremic solutes that cause
kidney injury are produced by gut microbes. Phyla, including Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria,
accounted for the majority of the variation in gut microbiota between Type 2 diabetic patients
with and without neuropathy. In cases with retinopathy, an increase in pathogenic and proinflammatory
bacteria was observed.

Conclusion:

Conclusion: Our results revealed that increases in Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria
may be associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy.

:

In view of the detrimental role of intestinal dysbiosis in the development of diabetes-related complications,
gut microbiota assessment may be used as a biomarker in the future and interventions
that modulate the composition of microbiota in individuals with diabetes can be used to prevent
and control these complications.
Health Risk Assessment of Synthetic Tartrazine Dye in some Food
Products in Qom Province (Iran)
Authors: Aali Rahim , Yari Ahmad Reza , Ghafuri Yadollah , Behnamipour Somaye
Published: January 2024

Background::

There is extensive evidence of tartrazine dye being used in foodstuff
of Qom markets in Iran.

Objective::

This study evaluates the synthetic tartrazine dye in some food products and the
health risks caused by tartrazine consumption in Qom province.

Methods::

The study has two stages: First, 125 food product samples, including confectionary
products (e.g., candy (Nabat), Poolaky, Charkhandi, cream, and non-cream sweets) and restaurant
products (barbecued chicken), were tested. In the second stage, the risk of exposure to tartrazine
was evaluated.

Results::

The results showed that 36.8% of samples in confectionery products (15.8 ± 5.1
mg/kg) and 41.3% of samples in restaurant food (41.5±7.9) were colored with tartrazine dye.
Based on the obtained results, all values of tartrazine levels in the food samples had not exceeded
the maximum tartrazine limit (mg/kg) in food products. Also, the results of exposure
estimation and hazard quotient of tartrazine in age groups revealed that the HQ for age groups
was smaller than 1. Therefore, they show no considerable risk for tartrazine dye intake according
to the food samples in Iran’s market. The probability of total risk (95%) was calculated using
Monte Carlo simulation. Finally, the mean risk calculated for childhood (5 -12) and adult
years (36-55) were determined as 9.35 E-5 and 9.24 E-5, respectively.

Conclusion::

This study showed the nonsignificant health risk of exposure to tartrazine in all
study groups according to the amount and frequency of exposure. However, it is recommended
to raise awareness among people concerning the health risks of artificial dye (especially tartrazine
in food), conduct more research for risk assessment of tartrazine, and monitor related data.
Unwillingness to have Vaginal Delivery among Iranian Women: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Momenimovahed Zohre , Khalajinia Zohre
Published: January 2024

Background:

Cesarean section imposes a huge social and economic cost on the individual
and health care system. Iran is one of the countries that have experienced a significant increase
in cesarean section in recent decades. There are few studies on the causes of women's reluctance
to give natural birth. This study was conducted to determine the women’s unwillingness to have
vaginal delivery through qualitative methods.

Methods:

The present qualitative study was conducted between March to July 2023 at private and
three public centers in Qom City. Purposeful sampling was used and based on inclusion criteria;
17 women were recruited in the study. MAXQDA software was used to analyze and manage the
qualitative data.

Results:

Three main categories appeared from the data analysis, which included individual factors,
professional factors, and social factors. The findings of this study showed that beliefs, fear,
lack of knowledge, previous experiences, and psychological factors are the most important individual
factors that cause unwillingness to give birth vaginally. Factors related to midwives and physicians,
birth environment, social modeling, and legal protection affected women’s decision to
choose cesarean delivery.

Conclusion:

The findings of this study showed that unwillingness to have vaginal delivery by women
is an issue that has various reasons. These reasons remind us that education, awareness, and
support in prenatal care should be considered more than ever. In addition, treatment systems play
a role in increasing cesarean section, so it is the responsibility of midwifery and obstetric experts
to make improvements in the treatment systems.
A Detailed Overview of the Role of Resveratrol in Feminine Care: Multiple Health Care Benefits
Authors: Pal Rashmi Saxena , Pal Yogendra , Chaitanya MVNL , Salahuddin
Published: January 2024

:

Resveratrol (RSV) is a polyphenol generated from plants. It is an organic substance that
can be found in grapes, some berries, as well as other fruits and nuts. Numerous health benefits, such
as anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anti-ischemic, anti-aging, steroidogenic effects,
and antioxidant effects, have been demonstrated for it. Clinical trials show that it is technically safe
to take resveratrol in doses up to 5 g per day. Resveratrol has an effect on the most common problems
related to pregnancy and has an impact on embryogenesis and the reproductive health of women since
it is a phytoestrogen. This paper could serve as a foundation for more in-depth clinical research on
various perspectives of resveratrol.
A Systematic Review of the COVID Vaccine's Impact on the Nervous System
Authors: Yella Viswarupachari Tanguturi , Pareek Sumit , Meena Bhumika , Sasanka K.S.B.S. Krishna , Thangaraju Pugazhenthan , T Y Sree Sudha
Published: January 2024

Aims & Objectives:

The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of
research pertaining to the COVID-19 vaccine and its association with neurological complications.

Method:

We performed a comprehensive search of the We performed a comprehensive search of the literature using Google Scholar, PubMed,
and NCBI databases from December 2021 to December 2022. For Google Scholar, PubMed, and
NCBI databases we used the following key search terms: “neurological adverse effects”,
“COVID-19 vaccination”, “SARS-CoV-2”, CNS complications, and CNS adverse effects. Two
reviewer authors individually searched and assessed the titles and abstracts of all articles. The
third reviewer resolved the disagreement between them. Data were documented regarding title,
study location, type of study, type of COVID-19 vaccine, type of neurological complications/
adverse effects, and sample size.

Results:

From our findings, it is confirmed that these neurological complications like Guillain-
Barre syndrome (23.6%), Neuromyelitis Optica spectrum disorder (5.5%), Neuropathy (6.9%),
Transverse Myelitis (8.3%) and Acute disseminated Encephalomyelitis (4.1%) are majorly affected
in most of the people. The increase in risks associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection far
outweighs any previously reported associations with vaccination.

Conclusion:

We found no safety signal was observed between COVID-19 vaccines and the immune-
mediated neurological events. Before assuming a causal relationship, the side effects of the
COVID-19 vaccine should first be carefully examined to rule out known associated factors.
Symptom onset was within two weeks of vaccination in the majority of cases; as such, this seems
to be a high-risk period warranting vigilance.
Sulfonamide Derivatives: Recent Compounds with Potent
Anti-alzheimer’s Disease Activity
Authors: Egbujor Melford Chuka
Published: January 2024

Facile synthetic procedures and broad spectrum of biological activities are special attributes
of sulfonamides. Sulfonamide derivatives have demonstrated potential as a class of compounds
for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent sulfonamide derivatives have been reported as
prospective anti-AD agents, with a focus on analogues that significantly inhibit the function of acetylcholinesterase
(AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes and exhibit remarkable antioxidant
and anti-inflammatory properties, all of which are critical for the treatment of AD. Sulfonamide-
mediated activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a key regulator of the
endogenous antioxidant response, has also been suggested as a potential therapeutic approach in AD.
Additionally, it has been discovered that a number of sulfonamide derivatives show selectivity for
the β- and γ-secretase enzymes and a significant reduction of amyloid B (Aβ) aggregation, which
have been implicated in AD. The comparative molecular docking of benzenesulfonamide and
donepezil, an AD reference drug showed comparable anti-AD activities. These suggest that sulfonamide
derivatives may represent a new class of drugs for the treatment of AD. Thus, the current review
will focus on recent studies on the chemical synthesis and evaluation of the anti-AD properties,
molecular docking, pharmacological profile, and structure-activity relationship (SAR) of sulfonamide
derivatives, as well as their potential anti-AD mechanisms of action. This paper offers a thorough
assessment of the state of the art in this field of study and emphasizes the potential of sulfonamide
derivatives synthesized during the 2012–2023 period as a new class of compounds for the
treatment of AD.
An Attractive and Comprehensive Review on C-O Bond Formation: Nanomagnetic Recoverable Catalysts to Access Diaryl Ethers via C-O Cross-coupling Reactions
Authors: Alwan Marim , Abed Hussein Shaymaa , Altimari Usama S. , Humam Sami Mustafa , Dawood Ashour H. , Ridha Benien M. , Alsalamy Ali H. , Kazemi Mosstafa
Published: January 2024

The simple separation of magnetic nanocatalysts from the reaction mixture using only an
external magnet caused a huge revolution in catalysis, particularly in organic synthesis. Diaryl
ethers (compounds containing (Ar-O-Ar linkages) are one of the most important and prominent
compounds and are widely found in natural products and pharmaceutical and biological molecules.
The C-O cross-coupling or O-arylation reactions of aryl halides with aromatic alcohols, especially
phenols, is an important and straightforward strategy for the preparation of diaryl ethers. Due to the
high importance of diaryl ethers in the pharmaceutical, chemical and medical fields, many efforts
have been made for the synthesis of diaryl ethers through C-O cross-coupling aryl halides with aromatic
alcohols, especially phenols based on using non-magnetic reusable catalysts. In this review,
we carefully reviewed the synthesis of diaryl ethers and discussed the reaction conditions and
product yields in each method.
Interaction Effects Between Intentional Poison, Suicide Attempts,
Psychological Disorders, and Gender Using Log-linear Models
Approach
Authors: Veisani Yousef , Kheiry Maryam , Sayyadi Hojjat , Moradi Ghobad
Published: January 2024

Background:

Based on research evidence, intentional poisoning has a relatively
high prevalence among people with psychiatric disorders, and the diagnosis of psychological
disorders can be an important predictor of suicide attempts and their recurrence. Gender
presents a determinant in the occurrence of psychiatric conditions and suicidal behaviors.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between suicide attempts, psychiatric
disorders, and gender in individuals hospitalized due to intentional poisoning.

Methods:

This study used the data obtained from the disease registration program based on
the data of the patients hospitalized due to intentional poisoning during a two-year followup
(2021-2022), including a total of 658 patients. In this study, log-linear models were
used to assess the relationships between the main variables that independently entered the
model. The outputs of the log-linear model we reanalyzed as independent, two-way, threeway,
and saturated models using relevant fit indices. Finally, the results of the best model
were presented.

Results:

Based on the conditional values retrieved from the final model, the risk of intentional
poisoning was lower in women than in men after adjusting for the variables of a history
of suicide attempts and the results of psychological assessment (OR=0.25, 95% CI:
0.16-0.37, p = < 0.001). The risk of suicide attempts in women suffering from underlying
psychiatric disorders (OR=1.57, 95% CI: 0.81-2.99, p = 0.188) and in women without underlying
psychiatric disease, which was not statistically significant (OR=1.07, 95% CI:
0.47-2.69, p = 0.785). Also, the results showed that the risk of psychiatric disorders in
people who had a prior suicide attempt (OR= 1.88, 95% CI: 1.05-2.25, p = <0.001) and in
women (OR=1.92, 95% CI: 1.05-2.77, p = <0.001) was statistically significant.

Conclusion:

Based on our findings, men suffering from underlying psychological disorders
and prior suicide attempts had a higher risk for intentional poisoning. On the other
hand, among people without a history of suicide attempts and without underlying psychological
disorders, the risk of intentional poisoning was higher in women. Moreover, a positive
history of suicide attempts in both genders significantly increases the risk of having a
psychological disorder. Therefore, it seems that underlying psychological disorders and a
positive history of suicide attempts render women more vulnerable to intentional poisoning
than men. Overall, it is suggested to consider screening for psychological disorders as a
preventive measure in individuals proven to have intentional poisoning and suicide attempts,
especially in men.
Tunisian Validation of The Children’s Depression Inventory-2 in
School-based Children
Authors: Ayadi Hela , Boudabous Jaweher , Kerkeni Ali , Kraiem Mayssa , Yaich Sourour , Moalla Yousr
Published: January 2024

Background:

Clinical observations advocate for increasingly depressive disorders
in children in Tunisia. However, no studies evaluating the prevalence of depression in
Tunisian children have been published because of the lack of validated Arabic depression
scale for children.

Aim:

Thus, we aimed to validate the Children’s Depression Inventory in its second edition
(CDI-2).

Method:

The present study was conducted on a representative sample of school-based Tunisian
children in the city of Sfax. The sample was composed of 500 children aged 8– 12
years. The study took place in two phases. The first phase consisted of testing scales for
participating children. During the second phase, children with depressive symptoms, according
to the CDI-2, were invited for psychiatric interviews. Statistical evaluation included
an assessment of the CDI-2 internal consistency, test-retest reliability and concurrent
validity. Multi-trait scaling analysis was used to examine item convergent and discriminant
validity. The CDI-2 was reliable in terms of internal consistency (0.887), with item-total
score correlations ranging from 0.311 to 0.674. All items exceeded the 0.4 criterion for
convergent validity in all subscales.

Result:

The mean total score of the CDI-2 for the whole sample was 12.59 (SD=9.28).
CDI-2 and DSRS-C scores correlated 0.775. Correlations between DSRS-C scores and
CDI-2 subscales ranged from 0.66 to 0.783.

Conclusion:

We concluded that the CDI-2 Arabic version has satisfactory psychometric
properties and is reliable for use in the Tunisian pediatric population.
Acetaldehyde and Butyrate: Their Biological Effects on the Liver and the
Gut Axis
Authors: Liu Lu , Kanwal Abhinav , Singh Shailendra Pratap , Kumar Avinash
Published: January 2024

The gut is the most accommodating environment in the human body for bacteria. The
microbial community there is both dense and varied. The gut microbe forms an axis with the human
liver, according to the theory of liver disease causation. The portal vein, systemic circulation,
and biliary tract all provide bidirectional connections between the liver and the intestines. The liver
secretes bile acid and a wide variety of bioactive mediators into the biliary tract and general circulation.

:

On the other hand, the portal vein carries microbial-produced endogenous compounds from the
colon to the liver, where they might disrupt liver function. Acetyl-aldehyde and butyrate are two
of the many byproducts produced by the microbiota in the human gut in response to indigestible
food. In addition, these two waste products alter liver function and play an important role in maintaining
intestinal health in humans. This paper reviews the literature on the link between butyrate
and acetyl-aldehyde production in the human gut and the organ's role in the development of liver
disease. Butyrate, acetyl-aldehyde, and liver disease all play roles in the gut-liver axis.
Advanced Therapeutic Medicinal Products in Bone and Cartilage Defects
Authors: Diaz-Solano Dylana , Sadri Bahareh , Peshkova Maria , Shpichka Anastasia , Smirnova Olga , Shams Roshanak , Timashev Peter , Vosough Massoud
Published: January 2024

The number of patients with functional loss of bone and cartilage tissue has shown an increasing
trend. Insufficient or inappropriate conventional treatments applied for trauma, orthopedic
diseases, or other bone and cartilage-related disorders can lead to bone and cartilage damage. This
represents a worldwide public health issue and a significant economic burden. Advanced therapeutic
medicinal products (ATMPs) proposed promising alternative therapeutic modalities by application
of cell-based and tissue engineering approaches. Recently, several ATMPs have been developed
to promote bone and cartilage tissue regeneration. Fifteen ATMPs, two related to bone and 13
related to cartilage, have received regulatory approval and marketing authorization. However, four
ATMPs were withdrawn from the market for various reasons. However, ATMPs that are still on the
market have demonstrated positive results, their broad application faced limitations. The development
and standardization of methodologies will be a major challenge in the coming decades. Currently,
the number of ATMPs in clinical trials using mesenchymal stromal cells or chondrocytes indicates
a growing recognition that current ATMPs can be improved. Research on bone and cartilage
tissue regeneration continues to expand. Cell-based therapies are likely to be clinically supported by
the new ATMPs, innovative fabrication processes, and enhanced surgical approaches. In this study,
we highlighted the available ATMPs that have been used in bone and cartilage defects and discussed
their advantages and disadvantages in clinical applications.
Cholecalciferol Exhibits no Antibacterial Effect on Staphylococcus
aureus and Escherichia coli: An in vitro Study
Authors: Kurian Shilia Jacob , Biswas Avirup , Kulavalli Shrivathsa , Aranjani Jesil Mathew , Pattanaik Amrita , Munisamy Murali , Saravu Kavitha , Rodrigues Gabriel Sunil , Miraj Sonal Sekhar
Published: January 2024

Background::

The pleiotropic effect of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) has gained
significant momentum and has been explored widely.

Objectives::

The study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effect of cholecalciferol
against S. aureus and E. coli.

Methods::

An in-vitro study was performed for the antimicrobial effect of cholecalciferol against
S. aureus and E. coli. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal
concentration (MBC) were determined following the broth microdilution method.

Results::

The MIC value of cholecalciferol against both S. aureus and E. coli was 0.312
mg/ml, and the MBC for both organisms was 1.25 mg/ml. However, we also observed a
significant antimicrobial effect in the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) control at 12.5% (v/v).
Therefore, the observed antimicrobial effect may be attributed to DMSO, indicating cholecalciferol
does not directly inhibit S. aureus and E. coli.

Conclusion::

This study indicates that cholecalciferol does not directly inhibit S. aureus
and E. coli. Hence, we suggest exploring the antibacterial properties of other vitamin D
analogs, such as calcitriol or its synergetic effect with other antimicrobial agents.
A Comparative Profile of Free Radicals, Endogenous Antioxidants, and Cytokines in Mouse Model of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Novita Sari Fikriya , Senna Samoedra Rizky , Kevin Pratama Setyaki , Rahayu Sri , Soewondo Aris , Rifa'i Muhaimin
Published: January 2024

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose (hyperglycemia). Hyperglycemia will cause the body to undergo physiological changes such as free radical, antioxidant and inflammation alteration. This research aims to compare the profile of free radicals, endogenous antioxidants, and cytokines in mouse models of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Mice were separated into two different groups, normal and diabetic mice groups. The normal group was a group of mice that were not induced to have diabetic conditions, while the diabetic mice group was induced to be diabetic using streptozotocin injection. Blood glucose levels were checked every three days for 14 days, while the immune response was evaluated after 14 days using flow cytometry. Data analysis was done using SPSS software with t-test analysis. This research showed that the increasing ROS represented by MDA would trigger inflammation in T1DM represented by the increasing TNF-alpha along with IFN-gamma and reducing anti-inflammatory cytokines represented by IL-10. Interestingly, SOD expression, which is an endogenous antioxidant, is also increased in the diabetic mice group, and we conclude that it is some sort of adaptive response of the diabetic mice group against the increasing ROS.
Modeling of Translation Transformations: Cognitive Aspect (on the Material of Jane Austen’s Novel “Pride and Prejudice”)
Authors: Penkova A. V. , Mironova D. M.
Published: January 2024

An urgent problem of modern cognitive sciences is the rethinking of the essence of the main processes of translation activity. The classical consideration of linguistic transformations within the framework of linguistics proper is replaced by their presentation as evidence of the activation of the cognitive structures of the translator's consciousness. In this article, from the position of the cognitive approach, the issue of the functioning of various types of concepts and the implementation of cognitive work procedures with them in the process of applying translation transformations is considered.The purpose of this article is an attempt to create a cognitive model of translation transformations describing various aspects of thought-language interaction, as well as an analysis of translation transformations according to the developed model. This model provides an opportunity to reveal the dynamic aspects of the translation process, to explain the essence of translation activity as a whole.The objectives of this work include the study of theoretical works on the research topic, the disclosure of the concept of translation transformations, the analysis of types of transformations and their identification in the original text and the translation text, the definition of key points of the relationship of cognitive units and verbal meanings.A consistent study of the cognitive foundations of translation transformations was carried out using the methods of conceptual analysis, comparative analysis of the original and the translation texts, namely on the material of Jane Austen's novel "Pride and Prejudice" and its translation by I.S. Marshak. The illustrative material is represented by examples that were selected by the method of continuous sampling from texts.The results obtained allow us to conclude that the use of translation transformations can change the type of concept and the field of knowledge, as well as involve another cognitive mechanism.
Migration Processes in the CIS Border Space and Their Impact on Russia's Economic Security
Authors: Kuzmina V. M. , Parkhomchuk M. A. , Sapryka V. A.
Published: January 2024

The relevance of the study lies in the need to study the current migration situation in the Russian Federation from the CIS countries in order to develop recommendations for more effective regulation of migration flows, since for Russia this is a matter of the country's economic security.The purpose is to analyze the dynamics and forecast of migration trends in the CIS on the basis of statistical data and to identify the directions of migration policy of the Russian Federation and the CIS countries for the regulation of these processes.Objectives: to analyze the current and forecasted trends of migration flows to the Russian Federation from the CIS countries, taking into account the annexed regions; identify areas of migration regulation in order to ensure the country's security.Methodology. The methodological basis of the study is the theory of Theodore Anderson. The results of the analysis of statistical data are presented using the methods of systematization and the illustrative-graphic method.Results. Migration policy in the CIS countries is implemented taking into account the peculiarities of the state. The problem of regulating migration flows lies in the vast border with Kazakhstan, Belarus, and Ukraine. After the annexation of Luhansk, Donetsk, part of Zaporizhzhia and Kherson regions, the nature of migration flows has changed, residents are citizens of the Russian Federation. Belarus and Kazakhstan are subject to a simplified option of employment on the territory of the Russian Federation as members of the EAEU.Conclusions. The analysis confirmed the need to continue joint work and exchange of effective practices in control, regulation and counteraction to illegal migrants.
The Impact of Tourism on the Economic Development of Regions
Authors: Brusentseva J. A. , Belousova S. N. , Erpuleva D. A.
Published: January 2024

Relevance. In modern conditions, the tourism business has an impact on the socio-economic stability of the territories, on the formation of revenues of the budget system.The Russian Federation has a rich cultural and historical potential, which makes it possible to increase the tourism industry by increasing the flow of foreign and domestic tourists. In the article, the authors present official statistics reflecting the importance of the Russian tourism sector and the strategic prospects for its development, which should increase its contribution to the national economy and increase its rating in world indicators.Purpose The main purpose of the work is to assess the role of the tourism industry in the economicdevelopment of the regions of the Russian Federation. It is concluded that in modern realities, due to the unstable epidemiological and geopolitical situation, the tourism market in the Russian Federation has suffered greatly, which did not allow additional revenues to be received by the regional budgets.Objectives. The article solves the following tasks: to characterize the current situation in the field of economic security in the tourism sector of the Russian Federation, to assess the results of the implementation of the state program "Tourism Development".Methodology. The methodological base of the study is based on a set of methods of economic research, united by a systematic approach to the study of this problem.Results. The article presents the results of assessing the impact of apparent challenges in the Russian tourism industry and new opportunities for its further development.Conclusions. To form a stable position in the tourism services market, it is necessary to effectively implement strategic measures that should be in close relationship with the trends of the national tourism industry and the experience of foreign countries in providing a different range of services.
Market risk in Project Finance: Importance for Investors and Reliability of Forecasts
Authors: Tikhomirov D. V.
Published: January 2024

Relevance. Any ongoing business as well as new investment projects under development are associated with many risks. One of the most obvious and significant risks is the market risk i.e., in the context of the article, the risk of failure to achieve prices, volumes and, in general, the proceeds from sales, compared to those planned in the business plan and financial model of the project. In modern academic and business literature, approaches to the analysis of the market as a whole and marketing issues are discussed in sufficient level of details, however, the problems of examining these aspects in project finance and while investing in new projects in general are not considered.The purpose is Consider approaches to understanding significance of the market risk and measures to deal with the risk in the process of review of an investment project.Objectives. To discuss the possible components of the risk, provide an example of assessing its materiality for the project investment attractiveness ratios, approaches to analysis of the projections.Methodology. Methods of modelling, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, critical analysis and comparison of sources as well as analysis of publicly available information are used.Results. The article discusses approaches to the analysis of market risk in the implementation of an investment project, presents a simplified example of its importance based on a brief model of discounted cash flows, and identifies key assumptions and limitations. The consideration of possible mistakes in consensus forecast provides the greatest practical importance.Conclusions. The market risk is one of the key risks in the development of an investment project and project review in project finance. A set of measures is needed to account for and reduce of the risk. One of the most important issues is the critical analysis of available forecasts. In the next article, other issues will be considered in details i.e. approaches to working with an independent consultant, a number of specific requirements in the marketing consultant scope of work. Technical measures to minimise market risk in the financial model of the project will also be considered.
Digital Competencies of Russian Civil Servants
Authors: Ovchinnikov S. S.
Published: January 2024

Relevance. In order to prevent and eliminate such modern challenges as pandemics, local wars, man-made disasters, it is necessary to accelerate the introduction of digital technologies into public administration processes. This creates a need for the development of digital competencies of Russian civil servants. Research on this topic in scientific publications is limited and fragmentary. There is a request for the development of scientifically-based and practically applicable models for the development of digital competencies of modern civil servants.The purpose is theoretical and applied research of the current state of digital competencies of Russian civil servants.The objectives: to reveal the theoretical aspects of digital competencies of Russian civil servants (their definitions, models); to conduct a study in the format of professional self-testing aimed at establishing the level of development/non-development of digital competencies by Russian civil servants; to give recommendations on improving digital competencies.Methodology. In the course of the research, theoretical research methods were used: analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, idealization, analogy, formalization, modeling; special research methods: traditional analysis of documents on the topic of digital competencies of civil servants, self-testing of Russian civil servants, as well as a systematic approach and assessment of the regulatory framework in the field of competencies in the civil service Of the Russian Federation.Results. Based on the data of self-testing of civil servants, it was revealed that Russian civil servants have a certain basic set of competencies in the field of information and communication technologies (ICT), but do not possess digital competencies focused on the development and implementation of modern "end-to-end" digital technologies in the public sphere.Conclusions. To strengthen the digital preparedness of civil servants, it is necessary to develop mechanisms, algorithms, technologies for the formation and development of digital competencies that are uniform for all civil servants. Civil servants will be able to orient themselves and draw up certain ways to improve their personal, professional and official level with the help of practice-oriented activities aimed at adapting to the conditions of digital transformation of public administration.
Paradoxical Anthropology in Digital Age. Book Review: Human as an Open Integrity: Monograph / Ed. by L. P. Kiyashchenko, T. A. Sidorova. Novosibirsk: Akademizdat, 2022. 420 p.
Authors: Aseeva I. A. , Khmelevskaya A. G.
Published: January 2024

Relevance. The problem of understanding the essence of man as a complex integral system with stable characteristics and inexhaustible adaptive potential, which helps a person not only to adapt to a changing world, but also to design and create it, has always interested philosophers of several generations. With a significant number of works on this topic, the human phenomenon opens up with new facets.The purpose of the article is to review the collective monograph "Human as an open integrity".Objectives: to draw the attention of the philosophical community to the current problems of human philosophy in the digital age; to show the polyphony of the authors' points of view, forming a holistic concept of procreation as a defining characteristic of a person.Methodology. The article uses a transdisciplinary approach, which is the best suited for studying such a multidimensional object as a person, allows you to expand the usual angles, go beyond the boundaries of well-known disciplinary theoretical constructs. The authors use the method of critical analysis to comprehend the main ideas of the book.Results. Among the publications of recent years on anthropology, the collection of scientific articles " Human as an open integrity" stands out for its debatable nature, a free lively dialogue of authors reflecting on procreation as an essential characteristic and saving ability of humanity in the current critical period. The concept of procreation in the collection unfolds on two levels, as a creative generation, modeling in a broad interpretation and as a process of procreation in the natural and artificial worlds – in a narrow one.Conclusions. The authors' arguments are built in various ontological paradigms, but as a result, an idea is created about the paradoxical nature of man, comprehended by contradictory but complementary configurators of the external and internal worlds of man as a complex object, about the processes of risk formation and removal, adaptation and preadaptation of man to a new digital reality, about the need for a cross-paradigm communicative approach in understanding man as an open integrity and many other philosophical and anthropological problems.
Target Management of the Integration Business Project and Activities of Partner Organizations
Authors: Androsova I. V.
Published: January 2024

Relevance. The desire of organizations to reduce transaction costs and realize synergistic effects from interaction as a result of the implementation of an integration business project determines the need to develop new approaches to the targeted management of their development, which proves the relevance of this study.The purpose of the study is to develop scientific and methodological provisions to justify the participation of organizations in an integration business project based on the practical transition of the regional economy to sustainable development in modern conditions of institutional transformation.Objectives: to form an algorithm for assessing the feasibility of the participation of economic entities in an integration business project; offer a potential integration business project; consider possible options for the strategic development of organizations through the practical implementation of the provisions of the synergistic business approach and targeted management.Methodology. The study is based on the methodology of system analysis of the problems of integration interaction of business entities, considered from the standpoint of determining the possibilities of obtaining a synergistic effect from the creation of their partner business associations. The methods of system analysis and synthesis, comparative and bibliometric analysis were also used, adequate to the pursued goal and the tasks of the study structuring it.Results. In the realities of a market economy, the synergistic effect of the created business partnerships is usually considered as a matter of course. The ongoing comprehensive study made it possible to combine the productive elements of the existing practice and author's developments and, on this basis, to determine the key directions for the effective development of regulatory and targeted regulation of the processes of forming and forcing integration business partnerships.Conclusions. Integration business projects, if we consider them from the point of view of "synergy", are practically a highly effective factor in the sustainable development of the regional economy due to total compliance with all modern social, economic, political and other realities - subject to targeted management of their implementation with adequate scientific, methodological and organizational and economic support.
Digital Transformation of the Hotel Business as a Necessary Condition for the Successful Functioning of Hotels
Authors: Polischuk O. A. , Kazaryan Sh. G. , Kopylova D. A.
Published: January 2024

Relevance. The main goal of any business is to extract more profit, which in the realities of the modern information age is achieved to a significant extent through digitalization. Digital business transformation plays a decisive role in optimizing business processes, increasing guest loyalty and competitiveness in a rapidly changing market. It takes traditional approaches to doing business to a whole new level. The shift in the development vector towards digitalization in the hotel sector was significantly influenced by the Covid-19 pandemic, which necessitated the accelerated introduction of the latest IT technologies in the activities of accommodation facilities and brought the industry to a more dynamic stage of development. The growing role of e-commerce in the modern economy has also made adjustments and stimulated the connection of hotels to various digital platforms.The purpose is to study the priority directions of digital transformation of hotels and assess the feasibility of switching to a digital management system in matters of optimizing business processes, improving the quality of service and achieving high key performance indicators.Objectives: to determine the role of digitalization of the hotel industry in the modern world; to identify the strategic goals of integrating digital technologies into business processes; to assess the impact of external factors on the development of digital distribution and the introduction of information and communication technologies in the activities of hotels; to determine the competitive advantages of using PMS systems; to consider the possibilities of using artificial intelligence and Big Data technology in the hotel business.Methodology. In the course of writing the article, the following methods were used: literature analysis, theoretical, monographic, statistical methods and graphic modeling methods.Results. Theoretical aspects of digitalization in the hospitality sector were studied, the factors stimulating the growth rate of this process were considered. The most popular digitalization products in the industry have been identified.Conclusions. The article emphasizes the need to follow digital trends in the hospitality industry, which is an important condition for the success of an enterprise both in the domestic and foreign markets.