bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kajian Rute Angkutan Umum di Banyumanik Semarang Terkait Transportasi yang Berkelanjutan
Authors: Rithoma Ricky , Rahmatullah Anita Ratnasari
Published: May 2017

Perkembangan kota yang tidak terkendali dan acak dapat menimbulkan inefisiensi dalam penyediaanfasilitas umum dan infrastruktur kota termasuk untuk transportasi, yang kemudian berkontribusi dalamkegagalan penyediaan angkutan umum bagi masyarakat. Masyarakat kemudian dituntut untukmenyediakan sendiri moda pergerakan dengan kendaraan pribadi. Masyarakat yang tidak bisamenggunakan kendaraan pribadi, baik akibat faktor ekonomi atau sosial, hanya bisa menyerahmenggunakan transportasi umum yang inefisien dalam segi biaya, waktu dan kriteria pelayanan lainnya.Hasilnya, keberlanjutan transportasi sulit dicapai, baik secara ekonomi (investasi yang berkembang danbiaya transportasi masayarakat yang murah), sosial (menjamin keamanan dan keselamatan masyarakat)maupun ekologi (rendahnya polusi dari pembakaran BBM). Terdapat kebutuhan yang mendesak akansuatu sistem angkutan umum yang menjangkau semua masyarakat salah satunya dalam hal rutepelayanannya.Kata kunci: rute layanan, transportasi berkelanjutan
Karakteristik Migrasi dan Dampaknya terhadap Pengembangan Pedesaan Kecamatan Kedungjati, Kabupaten Grobogan
Authors: Rahmi Aulisa , Rudiarto Iwan
Published: May 2017

Pengembangan pedesaan tidak bisa dilepaskan dari kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat sertakemampuan masyarakat dalam mengakses sumberdaya yang tersedia. Limitasi dalam akses danpemanfaatan sumberdaya berakibat pada rendahnya kesempatan kerja pedesaan. Oleh karenanyakeluarga petani dituntut untuk melakukan diversifikasi penghidupan yang salah satunya melaluimigrasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengkaji Karakteristik Migrasi Kecamatan Kedungjati danPengaruhnya Terhadap Pengembangan Pedesaan Kedungjati. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalampenelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner yangdiberikan terhadap migran/keluarga migran. Penelitian ini memiliki empat sasaran analisis, yaituanalisis akses terhadap sumberdaya dan kesempatan kerja; analisis karakteristik migrasi; analisis polamigrasi; dan analisis penggunaan remitan dan dampaknya terhadap pengembangan pedesaan. Dalammelakukan analisis digunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan dibantu dengan analisisCrosstab pada SPSS. Hasil penelitian ini menyebutkan bahwa migrasi migrasi petani memilikikarakteristik yang berbeda-beda sehingga sulit untuk ditemukan pola umumnya. Di KecamatanKedungjati, petani melakukan migrasi dikarenakan dua alasan utama; pertama terbatasnya peluangdalam akses dan pemanfaatan sumberdaya; dan yang kedua sebagai upaya mengamankanpendapatan.Kata kunci: migrasi, petani, pedesaan, remitan
Pendayagunaan Teknologi di Klaster Komponen Kapal Desa Kebasen, Kecamatan Talang, Kabupaten Tegal
Authors: Haq Alifya Arinal
Published: May 2017

Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Tengah menggunakan pendekatan pengembangan klaster dalammengembangkan sektor industri kecil. Pengembangan klaster merupakan salah satu fokus dalampengembangan ekonomi lokal. Kabupaten Tegal memiliki beberapa klaster usaha, salah satunyaadalah klaster komponen kapal Desa Kebasen, Kecamatan Talang. Klaster memiliki beberapapermasalahan terkait teknologi yang menghambat pengembangannya. Tujuan dari penelitian iniadalah untuk mengkaji pendayagunaan teknologi di klaster komponen kapal Desa Kebasen,Kecamatan Talang, Kabupaten Tegal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dimana metodeanalisisnya menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dan deskriptif kuantitatif (skoring dan uji beda ratarata).Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu secara keseluruhan tingkat pendayagunaan teknologi di klasterkomponen kapal termasuk rendah. Klaster belum membutuhkan high technology karena disesuaikandengan kebutuhan produksi yang masih kelas usaha kecil dan menengah, kondisi ekonomi, dan SDMpelaku usaha. Pendayagunaan teknologi di dalam klaster menggunakan peralatan produksi manualdan manual elektrik.Kata kunci: klaster industri, pendayagunaan teknologi, tingkat keberhasilan, pengaruhpendayagunaan teknologi
Bentuk Keterlibatan Masyarakat dalam Upaya Penghijauan pada Kawasan Hunian Padat di Kelurahan Serengan - Kota Surakarta
Authors: Rubiantoro Eko Anton , Haryanto Ragil
Published: May 2017

Penghijauan merupakan salah satu kegiatan penting yang harus dilaksanakan secara konseptual dalammenangani krisis lingkungan. Kelurahan Serengan merupakan salah satu kelurahan yang cukup aktifdalam mendukung program penghijauan di Kota Surakarta. Dalam upaya penyelamatan lingkungan,masyarakat bersama stakeholder terkait telah melakukan berbagai kegiatan penghijauan. Penelitianini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tentang bagaimana bentuk keterlibatan masyarakat dalam upayapenghijauan pada kawasan hunian padat di Kelurahan Serengan – Kota Surakarta. Penelitian inidilakukan dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan strategipenelitian studi kasus. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa masyarakat telah terlibat dalamproses perencanaan, penyediaan, pemeliharaan, serta pengawasan kegiatan penghijauan. Masyarakatmenilai kondisi ruang hijau di kelurahan saat ini sudah sangat minim. Kegiatan penghijauan dilakukanoleh masyarakat dengan berbagai motif, antara lain : untuk menambah nilai ekologi, manambah nilaiestetika, mendapatkan manfaat ekonomi, serta alasan untuk mendukung program pemerintah.Keberadaaan stakeholder yang terdiri dari Pemerintah Kota, Pemerintah Kelurahan, Lembaga NonPemerintah, Swasta/CSR, dan Komunitas/Akademisi telah berkontribusi besar membantuperkembangan kegiatan penghijauan di wilayah studi.Kata kunci: bentuk keterlibatan masyarakat, penghijauan, kawasan hunian padat
Konsep Pengembangan Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) pada Permukiman Kepadatan Tinggi
Authors: Susilowati Indah , - Nurini
Published: May 2017

Salah satu langkah perwujudan konsep Eco Cultural City Kota Surakarta dilakukan dengan adanyaupaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH), khususnya padakawasan permukiman padat. Pengembangan RTH pada permukiman kepadatan tinggi menjadifenomena menarik untuk diteliti yang kemudian diangkat menjadi pertanyaan penelitian (researchquestion) yaitu: bagaimana konsep pengembangan RTH pada permukiman kepadatan tinggi?. Tujuanpenelitian ini adalah untuk menyusun konsep pengembangan RTH pada permukiman kepadatan tinggi.Adapun sasaran dalam penelitian ini antara lain mengkaji karakteristik permukiman kepadatan tinggi,mengkaji karakteristik RTH permukiman kepadatan tinggi, menganalisis tipologi RTH permukimankepadatan tinggi, dan menganalisis pengembangan RTH permukiman kepadatan tinggi dalam konsephuman settlement. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Konseppengembangan RTH dalam konsep human settlement diarahkan dalam pencapaian elemen nature(alam) dan elemen society (masyarakat) pada masing-masing tipologi RTH yang terbentuk. Salah satubentuk konsep pengembangan RTH dilakukan dengan mengoptimalkan lahan melalui media tanamberupa pot-pot tanaman.Kata kunci: konsep pengembangan RTH, permukiman kepadatan tinggi
Polyamine Plays a Role in Subculture Growth of in Vitro Callus of Indica Rice
Authors: Tan Yanping , Hu Wen , Xu Xin , Zhou Jie , Wang Chuntai , Liu Xuequn , Cheng Gang
Published: May 2017

In vitroembryogenic callus is a critical factor for genetic transformation of rice, especially for indica varieties. In this study, we investigated the relationship between polyamines, including putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm), and callus browning, and we studied the effect of exogenous Put on callus regeneration and on the content of endogenous polyamines. In addition, the expression levels of arginine decarboxylase gene (Adc1) and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene (Samdc) in embryogenic callus were studied by quantitative Real-time PCR analysis. The results showed that the contents of endogenous Put and Spd in the browning callus were significantly lower than those in normal callus. Exogenous Put could effectively improve the growing state of callus of indica rice and enhance the development of embryogenic callus. The content of endogenous polyamines in embryogenic callus, especially Spd and Spm, was increased after addition of exogenous Put. Additionally, exogenous Put also had an obvious impact on the expression levels ofAdc1but partial effect on the expression levels ofSamdcgene. This study could increase the knowledge of both embryogenic callus induction and polyamine catabolism in callus in indica rice.
Variables That Affect Results of PFA-100 in a Group of Healthy Blood Donors in the Slovak Population
Authors: Korinkova L. , Stasko J. , Kubisz P. , Grendar M.
Published: May 2017

Background: The platelet function analyzer (PFA-100) is a system analyzing platelet function determined for detection of the functional inherited and acquired platelet disorders, screening of von Willebrand disease (vWD) and recently also considered as useful for monitoring of antiplatelet treatment. The PFA-100 test uses a high shear flow system to simulate in vitro the conditions to which platelets are subjected at the site of a damaged blood vessel wall.

Aim of study: We decided to establish the reference intervals of PFA closure time (CT) in the Slovak population of healthy blood donors.

Patients and methods: Fifty age and gender matched healthy blood donors were enrolled in the study. We investigated the relationships between PFA-100 CT, gender and ABO blood groups.

Results: The reference intervals for CT measured on CEPI (collagen/epinephrine) and CADP (collagen/adenosine diphosphate) cartridge in 3.2% citrated blood were 86 - 199 sec. and 42 - 119 sec., respectively. Blood group O was associated with significantly longer CEPI CT (p<0.05) compared to non - O groups. The prolongation of CADP CT in blood donors with blood group O was without significance. The influence of gender as another variable analyzed with CT has not been evaluated as statistically significant.

Conclusion: PFA-100 CT should be interpreted carefully with consideration of both the patient’s clinical presentation and laboratory variables such as ABO blood group.
Evaluating the Importance of Exports in Economic Growth of Pakistan; Evidence from ARDL Bound Testing Approach
Authors: Ali Gulzar
Published: May 2017

This study attempts to empirically evaluate the importance of exports growth in economic growth of Pakistan from 1972–2015, as exports growth plays as an engine in growth of economies. For that purpose this study applied Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag Model Approach to regress the included variables and the empirical results obtained from regression analysis of the variables shows that exports growth plays an encouraging and noteworthy role in economic growth of Pakistan. The study also recommends that an effective socio, economic political change is required to bring a fruitful increase in exports growth of Pakistan.
A result on a Dirac-type equation in spaces of analytic functions
Authors: da Silva Daniel Oliveira
Published: May 2017

We consider a Dirac-type equation with a quadratic nonlinearity with initial data in the Gevrey spaces

G

σ
,
s

{G^{\sigma,s}}

, whose functions admit analytic continuations. We show that the Cauchy problem is locally well-posed in

G

σ
,
s

{G^{\sigma,s}}

, thus giving us short-time persistence of analyticity of solutions. In addition, we prove sufficient conditions for the solutions to be analytic for all time.
Meristic character variability among populations of Silurus triostegus Heckel, 1843 from the Euphrates, Tigris, and Shatt al-Arab Rivers, Iraq
Authors: Jawad Laith A. , Ligas Alessandro , Al-Janabi Muhammad I.G.
Published: May 2017

Variation in the numbers of pectoral fin spines and rays, pelvic fin rays, gill rakers on the first gill arch, anal fin rays, and the number of vertebrae of Silurus triostegus Heckel were examined in specimens from 16 localities that span its entire distribution range in the Tigris, Euphrates, and Shatt al-Arab rivers in Iraq. The mean number of the six meristic traits increases toward high latitudes with maximum and minimum values in the north and south of Iraq. Based on cluster analysis and PCA, the Mesopotamian river samples were clearly separated into three distinct groups. The upper Tigris populations were isolated from those of the middle and southern populations of this river and from those of the Euphrates River. Possible reasons for such differentiation among populations are discussed, and the integration of research on this species among the countries neighboring Iraq is required.
Formalin in fish trading: an inefficient practice for sustaining fish quality
Authors: Sanyal Sutapa , Sinha Krishnendu , Saha Swasti , Banerjee Samir
Published: May 2017

The illegal use of formalin for quality control purposes is a widespread practice in today’s fish industry. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to assess the quality characteristics of formalin treated (5% formalin for 30 min) mrigel carp, Cirrhinus mrigala, Hamilton, stored on ice. The formalin detected was 12.19 ±0.814 μg g-1 for freshly treated samples and 8.10 ± 0.068 μg g-1 for treated samples stored on ice. In the control fish, the formalin concentration was almost negligible. The assessment of the organoleptic characteristics of the treated fish revealed that the gills had blackened, the eyes had become whitish and opaque, the muscles had lost tenderness, and the fish had stiffened. The quality assessment score of the control batch was significantly higher than that of the treated batch. The microbes in the fish were still lower than the amount specified for fish spoilage. Lipid hydrolysis in the treated fish was much higher than that of control, especially when storage time increased. High levels of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) soluble protein in the treated fish, as compared to that of the control fish, were observed throughout the storage period. Considering the low organoleptic status and poor nutritional quality, formalin treatment in the fish industry is not recommended even though the formalin content and the microbiological counts were still below permissible limits.
Photoresists in extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL)
Authors: De Simone Danilo , Vesters Yannick , Vandenberghe Geert
Published: May 2017

The evolutionary advances in photosensitive material technology, together with the shortening of the exposure wavelength in the photolithography process, have enabled and driven the transistor scaling dictated by Moore’s law for the last 50 years. Today, the shortening wavelength trend continues to improve the chips’ performance over time by feature size miniaturization. The next-generation lithography technology for high-volume manufacturing (HVM) is extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL), using a light source with a wavelength of 13.5 nm. Here, we provide a brief introduction to EUVL and patterning requirements for sub-0-nm feature sizes from a photomaterial standpoint, discussing traditional and novel photoresists. Emphasis will be put on the novel class of metal-containing resists (MCRs) as well as their challenges from a manufacturing prospective.
Ethics and the Sacred: Can Secular Morality Dispense with Religious Values?
Authors: Norman Richard
Published: May 2017

In this paper I explore the role that the concept of the sacred can play in our moral thinking. I accept that the assertion that ‘human life is sacred’ can be one way of articulating the special value of individual human lives as in some sense inviolable. I cautiously allow that the idea of ‘sacred value’ might also apply to other things such as certain kinds of human commitments, uniquely precious art-works, and some other kinds of living things. In conclusion I offer reasons for resisting the claim, made especially by Roger Scruton, that the experience of the sacred, when properly understood, draws us ineluctably into a religious view of the world.
Sacred Values in Secular Politics
Authors: Lukes Steven
Published: May 2017

What role does sacredness play in the secular politics of the liberal democracies of the United States and Europe today? One approach, focusing on the sources of political unity, suggests that they are integrated by a kind of civil religion, however flawed. This suggestion is criticized empirically as ever less plausible and as blind to the currently feasible limits of social solidarity. A second approach, focusing on the growing democratic crisis of liberal democracies due to ever-deepening social divisions, leads to the suggestion that sacredness is increasingly at work in secular politics. As attachment to organized religion declines so does the public deliberation and negotiation of conflicting interests-the arguing and the bargaining that democracy requires.
“Leaving No Child Behind:” Preferences for Social Inclusion and Altruism
Authors: Menon Martina , Perali Federico , Veronesi Marcella
Published: May 2017

Social inclusion is a priority item of international policy agendas. However, little is known about households’ preferences for policies aiming at social inclusion. We implement a household survey in both northern and southern Italy to investigate preferences for financing rehabilitation programs for juvenile offenders, a particularly vulnerable group exposed to social exclusion. We find that although societies can be equally socially inclusive, families’ propensity towards “leaving no child behind” varies depending on the presence of children in the family, and household income. We also show that differences in preferences do not depend only on socio-demographic characteristics but also on the subjective concern about crime risk, the immigration rate as well as on altruistic motives. Our results guide the implementation of policies promoting social inclusion across regions.
Spinal curvatures of children and adolescents – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Grabara Małgorzata , Bieniec Anna , Nawrocka Agnieszka
Published: May 2017

Study aim: The aim was to assess the spinal curvatures of primary and lower secondary male and female students from Silesia and to identify individual variations that can determine spinal posture.

Material and methods: The study involved 331 girls and 286 boys aged 8 to 16 years. Eligible criteria were non-participation in any professional sport training, and participation in mandatory physical education classes. Posture was evaluated using the moiré method. Measurements of somatic parameters were made with a medical scale using a height meter and a Tanita electronic balance.

Results: Dimorphic postural differences of boys and girls were seen mainly in the shape of lumbar lordosis. Girls were more lordotic than boys at all ages except 10-years-olds. Angle γ was significantly greater in 9-, 15- and 16-year-old girls than boys. LLA was significantly more prominent in 15- and 16-year-old girls than boys. Thoracic kyphosis was significantly more prominent in 8- and 11-year-old boys than girls. We also found a significant effect of age and somatic parameters. In boys mean lumbar lordosis was more pronounced in 10-year-olds. In girls fat mass, fat percentage and BMI correlated with angle α and angle Δ. In boys body height and mass, fat mass, total body water and BMI correlated with angles β, γ, Δ, and lordosis lumbar angle.

Conclusions: The shape of lumbar lordosis is associated with age and gender. Lumbar lordosis decreases with age in male children and adolescents. Our study revealed poor correlations between sagittal spinal curvatures and somatic parameters.
Engineering of biodegradable magnesium alloy scaffolds to stabilize biological myocardial grafts
Authors: Schilling Tobias , Bauer Michael , Biskup Christian , Haverich Axel , Hassel Thomas
Published: May 2017

Objective:

Regenerative bioprostheses are being investigated for replacement of dysfunctional myocardium worldwide. The aim of this study was to develop a degradable magnesium structure to mechanically support the delicate biological grafts during the early remodeling phase.

Methods:

Sheets of magnesium alloys (LA33, LA63 and AX30) were manufactured into scaffolds by abrasive water jet cutting. Thereafter, their surface properties, corrosion kinetics, and breakage behaviors were investigated.

Results:

The magnesium alloy LA63 sheets proved superior to the other alloys in terms of load cycles (lc) until break of the specimens (LA63: >10 Mio lc; AX30: 676,044±220,016 lc; LA33: 423,558±210,063 lc; p<0.01). Coating with MgF led to better protection than coating with MagPass. Less complex, yet sufficiently flexible scaffolds were less prone to early breakage. A slow traverse rate during water jet cutting resulted in the lowest burr, but in a widening of the kerf width from 615±11 μm at 500 mm/min to 708±33 μm at 10 mm/min (p<0.01).

Conclusion:

The findings on alloy composition, coating, structural geometry and manufacturing parameters constitute a basis for clinically applicable magnesium scaffolds. The use of stabilized, regenerative myocardium prostheses could save the patients from severe morbidity and eventually death.
Cloning and application of the complete nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) cistron sequence of Pyropia haitanensis (Bangiales, Rhodophyta)
Authors: He Yuan , Shen Songdong , Shen Zonggen
Published: May 2017

(Bangiales, Rhodophyta)((T.J. Chang
Theoretical Model Used in Monitoring the Losses from Water Networks Due to Water Control Measurement Batteries
Authors: Andrei Vasile , Marin Cornel , Negrea Alexis
Published: May 2017

According to the IWA norms, the water loss category includes also the apparent loss water due to measurement errors of the water meters used at the connections. This paper presents the experimental results obtained during two years of registrations in TARGOVISTE’s Water Company network. A program for verifying the water meters used for connections has been implemented according to a statistical distribution, depending on the number of appliances and their dimensions. Using a theoretical simulation model, calibrated on the basis of the actual reference flows measured on the metrology approved measuring stand, a procedure was developed to assess the level of deviations in the fully metered water distribution network. Depending on the values of deviations and flows actually recorded by the meters in the distribution network, it was possible to estimate the percentage of the losses from the actually used water meters.
Organisational Capabilities Required for Enabling Employee Mobility through Bring- Your-Own-Device Concept
Authors: Toperesu B-Abee , Van Belle Jean-Paul
Published: May 2017

Background: Mobile device adoption is on the rise and people are increasingly using mobile devices as a part of their lives. Studies have shown that people can use mobile devices to perform their work duties from anywhere. Organisations are now exploring ways of enabling and supporting mobility for employees’ mobile devices, including BYOD (Bring-Your-Own-Device) policies. Objective: The objective of this study is to identify the main capabilities required for enterprise mobility. Methods/Approach: This qualitative research study presents empirical results based on interviews with selected senior IS managers of large organizations. Results: The main findings of this study suggest that information security and mobile device management are among the main capabilities required for enterprise mobility. Conclusions: Enterprise mobility is an emerging field which has received very little research attention. More research in the field will help organisations make informed decisions on how to increase productivity, sales and efficiency while achieving employee satisfaction through enterprise mobility.
Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting – a Stakeholder’s Perspective Approach
Authors: Litfin Thorsten , Meeh-Bunse Gunther , Luer Katja , Teckert Özlem
Published: May 2017

Background: International financial reporting standards have constantly been facing fast-growing significant development. This has mainly been driven by the aim of better serving the needs of the investors. Awareness that corporate financial reporting provides short-sighted information and measures has been rising among politicians, in the society and on the financial markets. Therefore, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) reporting as a form of non-financial reporting has made it to limelight. Various reporting types developed, but the type of reporting is hardly codified. Objective: The goal of this paper is to identify the superior CSR reporting type from a stakeholder’s perspective. After identifying and analyzing central guidelines on CSR reporting and presenting different approaches, the authors will apply a positive-empirical methodology. Methods/Approach: In this first innovative joint attempt, eye-tracking technology is combined with a questionnaire for approaching CSR quality. Results: This study demonstrates the validity of the used methodology for the analysis of search and information browsing behavior in various types of sustainability reports. Conclusions: Overall our findings indicate that the reporting type "reference sustainability report" may not be advisable from a stakeholder’s perspective.
Knowledge-cum-values Management belongs to the Way out from Global Crisis
Authors: Ženko Zdenka , Mulej Matjaž , Potočan Vojko
Published: May 2017

Background: The contemporary world-wide socio-economic crisis tends to escalate and contribute to the global crisis. Limitation of education to one-sided ‘knowledge management’ rather than socially responsible ‘knowledge-cum-values-management’ is one of the crisis’s causes. Objectives: The limitations to current knowledge management should be analyzed with systemic thinking. Which values are prevailing in it now and which values will enable the survival of humankind? Methods/Approach: In the first part, literature is reviewed for analysis and conceptual generalization of knowledge management. The theoretical framework based on ‘system theory’, ‘knowledge management’ and ‘knowledge-cum-values management’, and ‘values of social responsibility’ is introduced. In the second part a new theoretical concept “A potential methodological support for human transition from one-sided to requisitely holistic behavior via social responsibility” is discussed. Results: Knowledge management is a too narrow concept, it tends to leave aside human values, an impact on the natural environment, and extremely growing differences. Humankind needs consideration of responsibility, interdependence and holism in order to minimize detrimental impact of individual behaviour on society, i.e. humans and nature. Conclusions: The research indicates that individuals should attain more requisite holism, and should not be irrational by trying to attain only rationalism in human decision-making and action.
Enhancing Seed Yield of Hybrid Rice by Maintaining Row Ratio and Dosages of Gibberellic Acid
Authors: Abo-Youssef M. , El Sabagh A. , Abo-Gendy G. , Mohamed A.
Published: May 2017

The purpose of this study was to identify the optimum levels of gibberellic acid and suitable row ratio for maximization the seed yield of hybrid rice. An experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of Rice Research and Training Center, Egypt, during 2013 and 2014 growing seasons. The material under this study included the parental lines of IR69625A (Female lines) and Giza 179 R (Restorer line) to produce F0 hybrid seeds. A split-plot design with three replications was used. The main plot was row ratio (2R:8A, 2R:10A and 2R:12A) and sub plots was the doses of gibberellic acid (g/ha) (control, 300, 350, 400). The results indicated that, Application of GA3 and row ratio had significant effect on different traits of seed yield and hybrid seed production. The highest values of flag leaf area, panicle length, seed set, panicle weight, panicle exsertion and seed yield were acheived by using 2R: 8A row ratio and was observed the lowest values were obtained at the 2:12 row ratio. Acoording to gibberellic acid application, the highest values for panicle length (cm), seed set (%), panicle weight (g), panicle exertion (%), harvest index and seed yield were recorded by using 400 g /ha gibberellic acid. Accordingly, the highest net economic return from seed yield was obtained with the treatment combination of 400 g/ha GA3 x 2:8 (R: A) row ratio.
Transition from Emotional to Rational Advertising for Food Products on the Romanian Market
Authors: Jităreanu A.F. , Leonte Elena , Chiran A. , Drobotă Benedicta
Published: May 2017

Advertising helps to establish a set of assumptions that the consumer will bring to all other aspects of their engagement with a given brand. Advertising provides tangible evidence of the financial credibility and competitive presence of an organization. Persuasion is becoming more important in advertising. In marketing, persuasive advertising acts to establish wants/motivations and beliefs/attitudes by helping to formulate a conception of the brand as being one which people like those in the target audience would or should prefer. Considering the changes in lifestyle and eating habits of a significant part of the population in urban areas in Romania, the paper aims to analyse how brands manage to differentiate themselves from competitors, to reposition themselves on the market and influence consumers, meeting their increasingly varied needs. Food brands on the Romanian market are trying, lately, to identify new methods of differentiation and new benefits for their buyers. Given that more and more consumers are becoming increasingly concerned about what they eat and the products’ health effects, brands struggle to highlight the fact that their products offer real benefits for the body. The advertisements have become more diversified and underline the positive effects, from the health and well - being point of view, that those foods offer (no additives and preservatives, use of natural ingredients, various vitamins and minerals or the fact that they are dietary). Advertising messages’ diversification is obvious on the Romanian market, in the context of an increasing concern of the population for the growing level of information of some major consumer segments.
Determinants of Market Participation Among Maize Farmers in Ogbomoso Zone, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Egbetokun O.A. , Shittu B.A. , Ayoade M.O.
Published: May 2017

The key to increasing agricultural output in developing countries is improving the productivity of farmers, which cannot be achieved without markets that would effectively bind the increasingly specialized activities of thousands of widely dispersed producers into an integrated national economy. Although, there is a high potential for rural farmers to derive livelihood from market-oriented agriculture and improve their standard of living, but what are those factors determining farmers’ market participation. Thus, this study investigates the determinants of market participation among maize farmers in Ogbomoso zone of Oyo state, Nigeria. A simple random sampling technique was used in the selection of respondents and a well-structured questionnaire was used to gather information on socio-economic attributes and market participation among maize farmers in Ogbomoso, Oyo State. Eighty questionnaire were administered, but 79 retrieved were subjected to analysis. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and probit regression. The results show that majority of the farmers were male (70.9%), married (67.1%) and had a minimum of secondary education (74.7%) and above. Also, 70% had direct access and planted improved maize seed and 58% sold maize produced in the urban market. Probit model result shows that gender, age, marital status, household size, farming experience, educational level and membership of association/group are the major determinants influencing market participation in the study area. The study recommends that government should encourage formation of associations/groups, where farmers can get information about market situations and formulate policies on adult literacy programme to encourage farmers to participate more in market.
Language learning effects through the integration of synchronous online communication: The case of video communication and Second Life
Authors: Canto Silvia , Jauregi Ondarra Kristi
Published: May 2017

This article attempts to shed some light on the possible learning benefits for language acquisition and intercultural development of authentic social interaction with expert peers through computer mediated communication (CMC) tools. The environments used in this study are video communication and the 3D virtual worldSecond Life. For this research study 41 students of Spanish were randomly allocated to three conditions: (1) face-to-face control group, (2) experimental interaction group with video communication, and (3) experimental interaction group withSecond Life. All students were following the same language course at B1 level and carried out 5 communication tasks. Different data sources were gathered to measure the impact that integration of CMC has on the development of the intercultural and communicative competence of L2 learners: (1) pre- and post- oral tests to measure the communicative growth of L2 learners; (2) surveys to gather participants’ experiences; and (3) recordings of communication sessions for qualitative in- depth analysis of interaction. Significant differences in the development of communicative competence were found, with experimental groups scoring significantly higher than the face-to-face control group.
An exploratory study of translanguaging practices in an online beginner-level foreign language classroom
Authors: Adinolfi Lina , Astruc Lluïsa
Published: May 2017

Translanguaging, the movement between communicative modes and features of different languages, is becoming an established research tradition in content-focused second language learning contexts. Pedagogic translanguaging practices nevertheless remain under-applied and under-researched in foreign language instructional settings, whether face-to-face or online. Synchronous virtual foreign language classrooms represent particularly rich spaces in which to begin to explore such practices, due to their multimodal affordances on the one hand and their technical constraints on the other. This study examines the pedagogic translanguaging practices that occur in a corpus of beginner-level Spanish online group tutorial data. A macro-level analysis of the interactional patterns that occur within this context reveals that both teacher participants follow closely the pedagogic prescriptions provided by the course designers with regard to the activities they employ. The finding that these activities offer limited opportunities for students to move between communicative modes and languages may be attributed in part to the emphasis on spoken interaction in this particular setting. A complementary micro-level analysis nevertheless reveals a more autonomous and intuitive approach to the teachers’ choice of language when mediating such activities. Instances of student code-switching are relatively few, however. The study concludes with a call to course designers and practitioners to experiment with integrating a wide range of pedagogic translanguaging opportunities into online foreign language classroom activities, with a view to enhancing teaching, learning and communication in such environments.
Model-Based Design of Experiments for Kinetic Study of Anisole Upgrading Process over Pt/γAl2O3: Model Development and Optimization by Application of Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Saidi Majid , Fallah Mohammad Ali Roshanfekr , Nemati Nasrin , Rahimpour Mohammad Reza
Published: May 2017

The kinetic of catalytic upgrading of anisole as a lignin−derived bio−oil component is investigated experimentally over Pt/γAl2O3
at 573−673 K and 14 bar. According to experimental results, benzene, phenol, 2−methylphenol, 2,6−dimethylphenol, 2,4,6−trimethylphenol, and hexamethylbenzene are identified as the main products. The results indicated that the kinetically significant reaction classes are hydrogenolysis, hydrodeoxygenation (HDO), alkylation, and hydrogenation. The response surface methodology (RSM) is applied to optimize the experimental data which obtained at suggested conditions by design of experiment (DOE). Due to the complex nature of the system, artificial neural networks (ANNs) were employed as an efficient tool to model the behavior of the system. RSM and ANN methods were constructed based upon the DOE’s points and then utilized for generating extra−simulated data. Data simulated by the RSM/ANN method were used to fit power law kinetic rate expressions for the reactions. The coefficient of determination (R2
) was obtained 0.998 and 0.973 for anisole conversion model and benzene selectivity model which represented the high accuracy of model predictions. The correlation coefficient (R) and mean square error (MSE) of ANN model equaled to 0.97 and 8.3 × 10−12 respectively means high accuracy of the developed model. The results of kinetic modeling with simulated data from the ANN and RSM models revealed that the highest reaction order during the upgrading process of anisole belongs to hydrogenolysis of anisole to phenol. Also the activation energy of hydrogenolysis reaction was lower than HDO.
Evaluation of genotype-guided acenocoumarol dosing algorithms in Russian patients
Authors: Sychev Dmitriy Alexeyevich , Rozhkov Aleksandr Vladimirovich , Ananichuk Anna Viktorovna , Kazakov Ruslan Evgenyevich
Published: May 2017

Background:

Acenocoumarol dose is normally determined via step-by-step adjustment process based on International Normalized Ratio (INR) measurements. During this time, the risk of adverse reactions is especially high. Several genotype-based acenocoumarol dosing algorithms have been created to predict ideal doses at the start of anticoagulant therapy.

Methods:

Nine dosing algorithms were selected through a literature search. These were evaluated using a cohort of 63 patients with atrial fibrillation receiving acenocoumarol therapy.

Results:

None of the existing algorithms could predict the ideal acenocoumarol dose in 50% of Russian patients. The Wolkanin-Bartnik algorithtm based on European population was the best-performing one with the highest correlation values (r=0.397), mean absolute error (MAE) 0.82 (±0.61). EU-PACT also managed to give an estimate within the ideal range in 43% of the cases. The two least accurate results were yielded by the Indian population-based algorithms. Among patients receiving amiodarone, algorithms by Schie and Tong proved to be the most effective with the MAE of 0.48±0.42 mg/day and 0.56±0.31 mg/day, respectively.

Conclusions:

Patient ethnicity and amiodarone intake are factors that must be considered when building future algorithms. Further research is required to find the perfect dosing formula of acenocoumarol maintenance doses in Russian patients.
Yet Another Pseudorandom Number Generator
Authors: Stoyanov Borislav , Szczypiorski Krzysztof , Kordov Krasimir
Published: May 2017

We propose a novel pseudorandom number generator based on R¨ossler attractor and bent Boolean function. We estimated the output bits properties by number of statistical tests. The results of the cryptanalysis show that the new pseudorandom number generation scheme provides a high level of data security.
Event-Generated Affect and its Carryover Effects: Implications for Small Business vs High Growth Venture Goals
Authors: Adomdza Gordon , Dedeke Adenekan (Nick)
Published: May 2017

Experiential processing of events has been argued to result in affective reactions –emotions and feelings – which in turn influence judgment and decision states. Research also suggests that specific experiential processing may carry action-oriented appraisal dimensions that act as implicit perceptual lenses for interpreting subsequent experiences. However, founders with different founding goals may self-select into different founding trajectories that provide them with different experiences and therefore different affective reactions. Therefore, we develop a conceptual model to study experience or event-generated affect within the domain of two common venture goals: small business vs high growth venture goals. Our model unearths insights into affect research in entrepreneurship. Implications for research and practice are also provided.
The State of the Minimum Wage: Federalism, Economic Policy, and Workers’ Well-Being
Authors: Flavin Patrick , Shufeldt Gregory
Published: May 2017

In this essay, we contribute to the growing national discussion about the future of minimum wage policy and its implications for working class Americans. First, we discuss the politics of the minimum wage in the United States, with special attention to the sizable and rich variation across the fifty American states and the importance of federalism. Second, we examine competing theoretical arguments (and, when available, empirical evidence) about the advantages and the disadvantages of increasing the minimum wage, particularly as it pertains to workers’ well-being. Third, as a case study of the potential effects of raising the minimum wage, we present preliminary results from an original empirical analysis that assesses how state minimum wage increases impact the quality of life that working class citizens experience.
Fubini’s Theorem on Measure
Authors: Endou Noboru
Published: May 2017

The purpose of this article is to show Fubini’s theorem on measure [16], [4], [7], [15], [18]. Some theorems have the possibility of slight generalization, but we have priority to avoid the complexity of the description. First of all, for the product measure constructed in [14], we show some theorems. Then we introduce the section which plays an important role in Fubini’s theorem, and prove the relevant proposition. Finally we show Fubini’s theorem on measure.
Ordered Rings and Fields
Authors: Schwarzweller Christoph
Published: May 2017

We introduce ordered rings and fields following Artin-Schreier’s approach using positive cones. We show that such orderings coincide with total order relations and give examples of ordered (and non ordered) rings and fields. In particular we show that polynomial rings can be ordered in (at least) two different ways [8, 5, 4, 9]. This is the continuation of the development of algebraic hierarchy in Mizar [2, 3].
Embedded Lattice and Properties of Gram Matrix
Authors: Futa Yuichi , Shidama Yasunari
Published: May 2017

In this article, we formalize in Mizar [14] the definition of embedding of lattice and its properties. We formally define an inner product on an embedded module. We also formalize properties of Gram matrix. We formally prove that an inverse of Gram matrix for a rational lattice exists. Lattice of Z-module is necessary for lattice problems, LLL (Lenstra, Lenstra and Lov´asz) base reduction algorithm [16] and cryptographic systems with lattice [17].
Development of stem cracks in young hybrid aspen plantations
Authors: Šēnhofa Silva , Zeps Mārtiņš , Gailis Arnis , Kāpostiņš Rolands , Jansons Āris
Published: May 2017

Cracks expose wood to fungal infections that significantly affects wood quality, while rapid wound occlusion decreases probability of infections. Assessment of scars was done at four grade scale in three adjacent hybrid aspen trials at the age of 8-10 years in central part of Latvia three years after bark crack occurrence. Occluded wounds were found for 95% of damaged trees, regardless of tree age. Among trees that had cracks wider than 1 cm, 42% had uniformly healed bark, but 7% still had open wounds. Wound development was significantly affected by crack width and length (both p < 0.001), but had no clear relation with tree DBH (diameter at breast height) and relative DBH increment (both p > 0.05). At clonal mean level, scar grade was significantly affected by grade of crack three years earlier and clone (both p < 0.001), but mean DBH of clone had no relation (p > 0.05) to proportion of trees evaluated by any of the scar grades. The results suggest that three years after the bark crack formation most of them had successfully occluded and selection of clones with better diameter growth has no influence on development of cracks.
Influence of spot mounding on height growth and tending of Norway spruce: case study in Latvia
Authors: Dzerina Baiba , Girdziusas Sigitas , Lazdina Dagnija , Lazdins Andis , Jansons Jurģis , Neimane Una , Jansons Āris
Published: May 2017

Norway spruce is commonly regenerated by planting and disc trenching is by far the most widely used soil preparation method in Latvia; however, in specific site conditions other methods might be beneficial. Therefore aim of our study was to assess influence of spot mounding on early growth and tending of Norway spruce in hemiboreal forests. Spot mounding was compared with disc trenching or no soil preparation in central part of Latvia (57° N 24° E) in five different forest types, where two-year-old containerized Norway spruce seedlings were planted. Influence of soil preparation method on tending was assessed in the same region in two different sites in a single forest type on drained fertile mineral soil. Spot mounding had positive effect on the height increment of the dominant trees at the 6th to 8th growing season. Mean height of Norway spruce at the end of 8th growing season on mounds significantly exceeded that on unprepared soil: 179 ± 6.5 and 152 ± 6.2 cm, respectively. Similarly mean height on mounds was significantly larger than on furrows: 209 ± 3.9 and 154 ± 4.0 cm, respectively. Projective vegetation cover before the tending was significantly higher in spot-mounded, but after - in disc trenched sites. Networking time for brashsaw operators in spot-mounded (478 min/ha-1) and disc trenched (462 min/ha-1) sites was similar (p > 0.05). Overall, spot mounding ensured more suitable microenvironment resulting in higher productivity of planted trees and had no negative effect on quality or efficiency of tending, therefore its wider use is recommended.
Intra-annual radial growth of European beech – a case study in north easternmost stand in Europe
Authors: Krišāns Oskars , Puriņa Līga , Mesters Dāvis , Kāpostiņš Rolands , Rieksts-Riekstiņš Juris , Jansons Āris
Published: May 2017

Fagus sylvatica L. is one of the most important commercial tree species in Europe and its natural distribution range is expected to shift northwards due to climatic changes. Detailed information of factors affecting its growth is crucial as a basis for recommendations of wider use of this tree species. Aim of the study was to characterize the changes of radial growth intensity of European beech during a vegetation season. In mature beech stand in northwest Latvia two sample trees (dominant (DT) and suppressed (ST)) were selected in Hylocomiosa forest type. Continuous measurements of changes of stem diameter and xylem sap fl ow as well as meteorological parameters were carried out. Stem cycle approach was applied to distinguish the duration of contraction, expansion and increment of the stem. Onset and cessation of growth of the ST tree was observed several days later compared with DT and mean growth intensity during the entire observation period was considerably lower (0.014 mm/day-1 for ST and 0.022 mm/day-1 for DT, respectively). Most intensive growth increment diurnally was observed in the early morning before sunrise, and seasonally till beginning of July. Positive effect of precipitation and low water pressure deficit (VPD) on growth was observed, while high VPD coincided with stem contraction. Results indicate the sensitivity of radial growth of European beech to water deficit and high atmospheric transpirational demand; therefore, future potential of cultivation of beech in Latvia depends on changes in moisture regime.