bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Broadening Aims and Building Support in Science, Technology and Innovation Policy: The Case of the European Research Area
Authors: Ulnicane Inga
Published: September 2022

The aim of this article is to analyse the evolution of the ideational framework of the most ambitious initiative in supranational research governance so far – the European Research Area (ERA), launched by the European Commission in 2000. In order to do so, the ERA initiative is analysed against the background of the long-term development of the science, technology and innovation policy ideas. The analysis reveals that over the course of 14 years, the policy aims of, and support for, the ERA initiative have considerably broadened. While economic competitiveness goals initially dominated the Commission’s initiative to launch the ERA, the initiative has gradually expanded towards social and scientific aims as well as stronger involvement of member states and stakeholders. Recent “big ideas” of excellent science and Grand Challenges help increase support for the ERA initiative among the research community and society. In the broadened ERA ideational frame, diverse aims of scientific freedom, societal relevance and economic competitiveness co-exist but attention to the relationships between them has been limited. Further exploration and conceptualization of the relationships between diverse policy ideas is an important challenge for future research policy studies and practice.
Global University Rankings: Challenges for European Higher Education
Authors: Chou Meng-Hsuan
Published: September 2022

This volume examines the effects of global university rankings on the development of European higher education at both the EU and national levels.
Higher Education in Crisis: Some Lessons from Finland and West Germany 1960-1970
Authors: Gardin Matias Edvard
Published: September 2022

In today’s overpowering neoliberal dogma, the written media often renders strong economic developments and generous welfare state policies as incompatible. At a European level, the recent economic and financial crisis has worryingly reinforced this trend, exemplified by strategic cuts in higher education funding in the majority of EU member states. This article takes the present European crisis as its point of departure, and by drawing on the example of post-war higher education expansion in Finland and West Germany, it argues that crisis can provide beneficial insights into the causes, capacities, forms, and mechanisms of change in current capitalist economies under increased austerity. This analysis thereby condemns the alleged incompatibility of economic growth and egalitarianism, and concludes by suggesting – as was also implied by the Finnish and West German press of the 1960s – that investment in human capital via education needs to be maintained and increased to facilitate the EU member states out of the economic crisis.
The European Union and Occupied Palestinian Territories: State-Building Without A State
Authors: Kaya Taylan Özgür
Published: September 2022

This book seeks to find out how effectively the EU has utilised state-building as a tool for peace-building through the case of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. To answer this question, it offers a unique and comprehensive analysis of the EU’s distinctive role as a state-builder in the Occupied Palestinian Territories.
What’s changed in European (Union) Studies?
Authors: Kennedy Steven
Published: September 2022

I have been asked to reflect on my experience of 35 years publishing university textbooks in relation to the evolution and development of European Union Studies (which term I shall use to include the study of the EU’s earlier incarnations in the European Community/Communities).

My engagement with EU studies actually started well before I became a publisher in 1979 as I had developed an interest in the subject as an undergraduate student of International Relations in the early 1970s and actually embarked in 1974 on writing a PhD on the relationship between European integration and disintegration which a combination of the theft of a car containing all my (not, I confess, all that many) notes, the advent of ‘eurosclerosis’ and the stymieing of Scottish devolution consigned to the dustbin of history (though it would have been very timely I guess today).
VOCABULARY BUILDING THROUGH CIRCLE TIME AT ECE (EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION)
Authors: Akbar Hina , Fatima Hafiza Gulnaz , Unis Baligua
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

The present study was designed to intensify student vocabulary building through circle time in Early Childhood Education. All Government students district Lahore kindergarten school were the population of the study. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 25 students from the target population. Researcher designed activities measured vocabulary through circle time with the participants. The fundamental research question that guided the present research study was the intent to identify the highly effective kindergarten activities that facilitate student learning from circle time building vocabulary. Vocabulary was measured with pre-test and post-test results. The data was analyzed by One Sample T-test with use of activities as treatment to diagnose student vocabulary errors. The results of the study revealed that circle time is a great technique to build vocabulary of students. Significant results support circle time use in communicative activities.
Teachers’ Perceived Efficacy of ECE Classrooms Learning Environment on Children Learning Experiences in Government Schools in District Sialkot
Authors: Ghafoor Moiza Abdul , Asghar Sumbal
Published: September 2022

The study was to examine the Teachers’ Perceived efficacy of ECE classrooms learning environment on children learning experiences in government schools in district Sialkot. The data was collected from the Government schools of each tehsil of district Sialkot having ECE classrooms. A stratified random sampling technique was used to select the schools from each tehsil of district Sialkot. An inventory to record the availability and usability of resources, and a questionnaire to record teacher-reported learning experiences of children was used for quantitative data collection. Descriptive data analysis was done to report the current status of the physical, academic, and human resources (HR) of ECE classrooms. In this regard, ECE policy 2017 served as a documentary base to refer to policy statements and framework for action. The way forward suggested the improvement required in physical, academic, and HR facilities leading to improve learning experiences of children.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Buku Digital dengan Menggunakan Pendekatan Matematika Realistik untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa di SMPN 13 Medan
Authors: Bakoban Faizah Ibrahim , Syahputra Edi , Khairani Nerli
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengembangkan media pembelajaran buku interaktif dengan menggunakan pendekatan Pembelajaran Matematika Realistik pada materi segiempat (persegi dan persegi panjang) yang valid, praktis, dan efektif sehingga dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa; 2) meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran buku digital interaktif berbasis pendekatan Pembelajaran Matematika Realistik pada materi segiempat (persegi dan persegi panjang). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan. Model pengembangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model ADDIE dengan subjek penelitian 15 orang siswa/i kelas VII-2 dan 15 orang siswa/i kelas VII-3 di SMP Negeri 13 Medan. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah media pembelajaran buku interaktif dengan menggunakan pendekatan Pembelajaran Matematika Realistik pada materi segiempat (persegi dan persegi panjang). Kevalidan media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan ditinjau dari analisis hasil validitas media pembelajaran oleh para validator dengan nilai rata-rata total sebesar 3,73 (kategori “Valid”). Sementara itu, kepraktisan media pembelajaran dilihat dari skor observasi keterlaksanaan pembelajaran pada uji coba II yaitu sebesar 3,8 (kategori “Terlaksana dengan Baik”). Keefektifan media pembelajaran ditinjau dari aspek yaitu ketuntasan klasikal dan respon siswa. Ketuntasan klasikal kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa pada uji coba II sebesar 86,67% (13 siswa). Rata-rata respon siswa pada uji coba II adalah 3,76 (kategori “Tertarik). Berdasarkan indeks gain ternormalisasi, diperoleh bahwa pada uji coba II terjadi peningkatan nilai dengan skor 0,23 (kriteria “rendah”) menjadi skor 0,35 (kriteria “sedang”).
Desenvolvimento econômico-cultural: a Spcine e a projeção estética da cidade para o mundo
Authors: Carvalho Amanda Salgado e
Published: September 2022

O presente artigo busca compreender algumas das principais falhas da formação do mercado cinematográfico em São Paulo, percorrendo, a partir da metodologia jurídica da economia da cultura, o papel do Estado no desenvolvimento econômico-cultural da indústria cinematográfica, analisando a atuação da Empresa de Audiovisual e Cinema de São Paulo, a Spcine. Destaca-se, ainda, a análise da São Paulo Film Commission e sua missão de ter a cidade de São Paulo, maior metrópole do país, como palco do imaginário cultural e cinematográfico do Brasil e do globo, além de desempenhar o papel de promoção do desenvolvimento econômico, social, cultural, artístico, tecnológico e científico da atividade cinematográfica e audiovisual, verificando-se a efetividade de tais políticas econômico-culturais e suas limitações ao desenvolvimento.
An analysis of Albumin and Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients Treated in Palliative Care Centers
Authors: DURMUŞ SARIKAHYA Selma , GÜDEN Emel , ÇELEBİ İsmet
Published: September 2022

Objectives: The main objective of palliative care is to keep symptoms under control and to increase the quality of life. The purpose of this study is to define the serum albumin and vitamin 25-hydroxy D (25 [OH] D) levels in patients who receive palliative care.

Material/Method: This study has been carried out in a descriptive-retrospective manner. Demographic data and laboratory results of 41 patients hospitalized in a State Hospital Palliative Care Center were analyzed.

Results: A ratio of 48.8% of the participants was female, 51.2% was male and the average age was 74.21 ± 2.21 (Min: 40-Max: 96). A rate of 22% of the patients suffered from cerebrovascular disease, 19.5% from Alzheimer, 9.8% from heart failure, 7.3% from oral intake disorders. The serum albumin levels were found to be low in 80.5% of the patients, the serum calcium levels were normal in 70.7%. A lack of Vitamin D was found in 63.4% of the patients and 19.5% suffered from vitamin D deficiency, while the vitamin D level was found to be normal in only 17.1% of the patients. The average 25 (OH) D level of the patients was found to be 17.1 ± 15.54 ng / mL.

Conclusion: Patients who are followed up within the scope of palliative care are at risk of malnutrition, low serum albumin levels and vitamin D deficiency. Therefore the follow-up and treatment of patients is important in this respect.
Inovasi Model Prediksi Titik Api Menggunakan Consecutive Dry Days (CDD) pada Wilayah Lahan Gambut Provinsi Riau
Authors: Nainggolan Hermanto A. , Burhanudin  , Muslihah Dina Whiri , Virgianto Rista Hernandi
Published: September 2022

Riau Province, which has a peatland area of ​​5.09 million hectares or 56.42% of the area of ​​peatlands on the island of Sumatra, is one of the provinces in Indonesia which has the greatest potential for forest fires to devastate hundreds of hectares of forest and gardens and increase home gas emissions glass in the atmosphere. Forest fires that occur are closely related to Consecutive Dry Days (CDD) or consecutive days without rain (HTH) which result in low humidity, thereby affecting the potential for hotspots to emerge, especially around peatlands. CDD, which is the result of the accumulation of the amount of HTH in one period between rainy day events, is calculated using CMORPH precipitation data (CPC MORPHing technique). Hotspot data is obtained from NOAA and Hotspot event data with a confidence level of more than 70% in the eastern region of Riau province where there is a peatland. The probability of a Hotspot occurring is calculated based on the CDD for each grid that will produce a CDD value with a significant probability for the occurrence of a Hotspot on the grid each month. The level of density of Hotspots in each season period with a high category is in the JJA and MAM periods. An early warning system for the emergence of a Hotspot based on the level of Hotspot and CDD density is carried out the day before the opportunity arises with a value less than or equal to 0.5. With an average CDD value for early warning in MAM is 13 days and in JJA is eight days. This research is expected to be able to be applied in early warning of forest and land fires in Riau.
Profil Lifting Condensation Level (LCL), Convective Condensation Level (CCL), dan Estimasi Tinggi Dasar Awan di Wilayah Makassar
Authors: Ismail Prayoga , Richard
Published: September 2022

Tinggi dasar awan menjadi salah satu informasi penting dalam meteorologi penerbangan. Estimasi tinggi dasar awan dapat memanfaatkan hasil observasi udara atas radiosonde berupa data Lifting Condensation Level (LCL) dan Convective Condensation Level (CCL). Penelitian ini fokus pada wilayah Makassar dengan menggunakan data radiosonde Stasiun Meteorologi Sultan Hasanuddin pada tahun 2015 – 2018 dan data observasi sinoptik. Tujuan dari studi ini yaitu untuk mengetahui profil ketinggian LCL dan CCL dan mengestimasi tinggi dasar awan di wilayah Makassar dan sekitarnya sehingga dapat menyediakan informasi tinggi dasar awan yang relevan khususnya bagi penerbangan di Bandar Udara Internasional Sultan Hasanuddin Makassar. Metode yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif dan komparatif Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ketinggian LCL umumnya lebih rendah dibandingkan CCL di wilayah Makassar dengan ketinggian LCL berkisar 100 – 600 meter, sedangkan ketinggian CCL berkisar 1000 – 2000 meter. Ketinggian LCL dan CCL bervariasi secara diurnal maupun musiman dan dipengaruhi oleh mekanisme yang memicu pembentukan awan. Berdasarkan pada studi kasus di musim penghujan dan kemarau tahun 2015 – 2018, tinggi dasar awan yang biasa dilaporkan dalam laporan cuaca sinoptik maupun penerbangan di Stasiun Meteorologi Sultan Hasanuddin terlalu tinggi terhadap LCL, namun terlalu rendah terhadap CCL.
Uji Sensitivitas Skema Parameterisasi Mikrofisik dengan Verifikasi Radar Cuaca untuk Simulasi Fenomena Hujan Es (Studi Kasus : Jakarta, 22 November 2018)
Authors: Djakaria Muhammad Sultan
Published: September 2022

Model cuaca numerik WRF – ARW digunakan dalam membuat prakiraan dan menganalisis suatu fenomena cuaca ekstrem hujan es. Pada WRF – ARW terdapat pilihan pendekatan terhadap proses fisis yaitu konfigurasi Skema parameterisasi yang menentukan hasil dari simulasi model numerik. Proses mikrofisik berperan penting melalui pengaruh langsung terhadap kekuatan kolam dingin dan pemanasan laten dalam awan konvektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan Skema parameterisasi terbaik dan mengetahui kondisi atmosfer saat kejadian hujan es di wilayah Jakarta Pusat menggunakan model WRF – ARW. Adapun tiga Skema parameterisasi mikrofisik yang diuji adalah WSM3, WSM6 dan THOMPSON. Pengolahan WRF – ARW menggunakan input data FNL yang didapatkan dari NCEP dan data radar EEC yang diperoleh dari Stasiun Meteorologi Cengkareng serta diolah menggunakan Rainbow. Variabel yang diolah adalah nilai reflektivitas secara spasial dan vertikal yang dibandingkan dengan pengamatan radar cuaca. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan Skema WSM6 dan THOMPSON cukup representatif dalam menggambarkan pola sel konvektif kuat di wilayah Jakarta Pusat meskipun lokasi jatuhnya hujan es berbeda dengan hasil pengamatan radar. Kemudian, hasil verifikasi menunjukkan Skema THOMPSON lebih baik dengan nilai RMSE lebih kecil dan nilai korelasi yang tinggi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa Skema THOMPSON cukup baik dalam menggambarkan hujan es di wilayah Jakarta Pusat dan sekitarnya.
Mendeteksi Fase T Gempabumi Outer Rise Selatan Bali 18 Maret 2020 Menggunakan Seismometer Broadband dan Short – Period
Authors: Pratama I Putu Dedy , Ulfiana Emi , Gede Arta Negara Pande Komang
Published: September 2022

Gempabumi di wilayah outer rise cukup jarang terjadi, namum memiliki potensi akumulasi energi yang besar dan berdampak tsunami. Tanggal 18 Maret 2020 terjadi gempabumi berkekuatan M6.3 pada koordinat episenter 11.4 LS dan 115.04 BT dengan kedalaman 10 km. Sinyal gempabumi outer rise sangat menarik untuk diteliti dan dibandingkan hasil pencatatannya dengan sensor yang berbeda karena membawa fase T dalam penjalarannya. Di Stasiun Geofisika Denpasar terdapat seismometer Trilum 120P dan seismometer Short – Period DS 04A yang terletak berdampingan berhasil mencatat gempabumi ini. Hasil rekaman ini dibandingkan dengan korelasi sinyal untuk mengukur nilai korelasi antara hasil rekaman Trilium 120P dan DS 04A. Sebelumnya kedua sinyal dihilangkan dari pengaruh respon instrumen dengan nilai gain dan poles zeros masing-masing sensor. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui fase T yang tercatat pada kedua sensor di Stasiun Geofisika Denpasar. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa rekaman sinyal dari seismometer Broadband dan Short – Period menunjukan nilai korelasi yang tinggi yaitu 0.9963. Nilai ini meningkat berkat konvolusi pengaruh instrumen yang sebelumnya memiliki korelasi 0.4536. Fase T tidak terlihat pada rekaman sinyal dalam deret waktu namun tampak pada spektrum > 1 Hz baik pada sensor Broadband maupun Short – Period.
Peluang bencana banjir pada saat hujan lebat dan sangat lebat di kawasan Pantura Provinsi Jawa BaratPeluang Bencana Banjir Pada Saat Hujan Lebat dan Sangat Lebat di Kawasan Pantura Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Yudistira Dimas , Christian Hamonangan Hutauruk Rheinhart
Published: September 2022

Provinsi Jawa Barat adalah salah satu daerah yang berpotensi terjadinya banjir. Hal ini disebabkan oleh karakteristik topografi dataran rendah dimana banyak terdapat anak sungai dan tingginya kepadatan populasi yang meningkat setiap tahun, menyebabkan kerusakan pada ekosistem. Salah satu faktor penyebab banjir adalah curah hujan yang tinggi di atas normal, sehinga sistem pengalihan air yang terdiri sungai dan anak sungai alamiah serta sistem saluran drainase dan kanal penampung banjir buatan yang ada tidak mampu menampung akumulasi air hujan sehingga meluap. Banyak faktor yang menyebabkan curah hujan di Indonesia berada di atas normal, salah satunya adalah karena pengaruh El Niño South Oscillation (ENSO) dalam hal ini La Niña. Antisipasi menghadapi musim hujan lebat akibat La Niña perlu ditingkatkan, sesuai dengan tingginya ancaman bencana. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode Conditional Probability untuk melihat peluang banjir pada wilayah utara Jawa Barat yang terdiri dari Bekasi, Karawang, Subang dan Indramayu. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu curah hujan dari 9 pos hujan dengan rentang waktu dari 1981–2010. Penelitian ini menghasilkan nilai potensi peluang banjir di kabupaten Karawang 83.33% yang diwakili oleh pos hujan Purwakarta pada saat hujan lebat, sementara di kabupaten Subang menunjukkan nilai peluang banjir yaitu 66.67% yang diwakili oleh pos hujan Wanayasa pada saat hujan lebat, untuk kabupaten Bekasi nilai peluang banjir yang dihasilkan yaitu 83.33% yang diwakili oleh pos hujan Gn. Mas yang terjadi pada saat hujan lebat.
Asesmen Katalog Gempabumi di Wilayah PGR III Sebelum dan Setelah Penambahan Sensor Seismik Tahun 2019 Menggunakan Magnitude Completeness
Authors: Pratama I Putu Dedy , Koten Mario Charlos Rohi , Negara Pande Komang Gede Arta
Published: September 2022

Penambahan 8 sensor seismik di wilayah Pusat Gempabumi Regional (PGR) III untuk meningkatkan kualitas informasi gempabumi telah dilakukan tahun 2019 dan mulai digunakan dalam analisis gempabumi oleh 4 Unit Pelaksana Teknis Geofisika di awal tahun 2020. Hasil analisis berupa katalog gempabumi perlu dilakukan evaluasi untuk mengetahui dampak penambahan sensor terhadap kelengkapan magnitudo dari katalog. Data yang digunakan berasal dari katalog Sistem Penentu Keputusan (SPK) gempabumi di wilayah PGR III dengan data sebelum penambahan sensor baru menggunakan data tahun 2019 dan setelah penambahan menggunakan data tahun 2020. Untuk mengetahui perubahan kelengkapan katalog gempabumi, dilakukan perhitungan Magnitude Completeness (Mc) dengan menggunakan empat metode (Maximum Curvature (MAXC), Goodness–of–Fit Test (GFT), Mc by b–value Stability (MBS), Entire Magnitude Range (EMR), dan Entire Magnitude Range (EMR)) pada katalog sebelum dan setelah penambahan 8 sensor seismic yang telah dideklaster. Selain itu, dilakukan analisis spasial dan temporal untuk mengetahui ruang dan waktu yang mengalami perubahan Mc. Diperoleh penurunan nilai Mc pada metode MAXC dan MBS pada katalog setelah penambahan sensor baru, sedangkan pada metode GFT dan EMR memiliki nilai yang sama baik katalog 2019 dan 2020. Sebelum penambahan rentang nilai Mc 1,4–2,8 dan setelah penambahan sensor baru rentang nilai Mc 0,9–2,8. Secara spasial, nilai Mc dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas seismik di wilayah tersebut serta kerapatan sebaran sensor dimana semakin rapat sebaran sensor dan tingginya aktivitas seismik mampu menurunkan nilai Mc. Dengan adanya penambahan sensor seismik mampu meningkatkan kelengkapan katalog gempabumi di wilayah PGR III dalam analisis gempabumi. Hal ini terlihat dari penurunan nilai Mc pada daerah dengan penambahan sensor baru dan penurunan gradien nilai Mc terhadap waktu.
Pemetaan Prakiraan Potensi Banjir di Papua Barat Menggunakan Model Builder Dalam Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG)
Authors: Melinda Shelin , Nuryanto  , Adriansyah
Published: September 2022

Banjir merupakan bencana hidrometeorologi yang sering terjadi di Indonesia. Salah satu penyebab banjir diakibatkan curah hujan yang ekstrim >100mm/hari. Provinsi Papua Barat termasuk di antara daerah – daerah di Indonesia yang memiliki intensitas curah hujan yang tinggi sepanjang tahunnya, sehingga rentan terhadap potensi banjir. Untuk memudahkan masyarakat mengetahui wilayah yang berpotensi banjir, diperlukan sebuah informasi seperti peta potensi banjir. Penggunaan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dalam membuat peta potensi banjir dapat berguna untuk masyarakat maupun lembaga tertentu untuk mengambil kebijakan dalam penanggulangan bencana banjir. Dalam penulisan ini untuk membuat peta potensi banjir, digunakan sebuah aplikasi perangkat lunak yaitu ArcGIS, dimana di dalam perangkat lunak tersebut terdapat beberapa tool yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk membuat model perintah salah satunya yaitu model builder. Model builder kemudian mengasilkan sebuah keluaran peta spasial berupa peta prakiraan potensi banjir di Provinsi Papua Barat. Dari hasil pemetaan wilayah di Provinsi Papua Barat, terdapat beberapa wilayah atau Kabupaten di Provinsi Papua Barat yang memiliki potensi daerah rawan banjir dengan kategori Rendah – Tinggi. Tingginya intesitas curah hujan di sebagian wilayah atau Kabupaten di Papua Barat sangat berpotensi tinggi terjadi banjir khusunya di Sorong dan Manokwari. Pembuatan model builder ini kemudian bisa dikembangkan dan dapat digunakan secara mudah dengan modifikasi menggunakan phyton.
Pengaruh ENSO Terhadap Curah Hujan dan Kelembapan Relatif serta Suhu Permukaan Laut di Sulawesi
Authors: Hidayat Ulil , Prasetyo Suwignyo , Donni Haryanto Yosafat , Florida Riama Nelly
Published: September 2022

El Niño – Southern Oscillation (ENSO) merupakan fenomena variabilitas iklim yang dicirikan dengan anomali perubahan suhu permukaan laut di Samudra Pasifik wilayah tropis. Anomali positif suhu muka laut (El Niño) dapat menyebabkan kemarau ekstrem sedangkan anomali negatif suhu muka laut (La Niña) dapat menyebabkan musim hujan berkepanjangan di sebagian besar wilayah Indonesia. Dalam hal ini, Sulawesi termasuk kedalam wilayah yang terdampak oleh fenomena ENSO. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh dari fenomena ENSO terhadap parameter cuaca seperti curah hujan, kelembapan relatif, dan suhu permukaan laut (SPL) di wilayah Pulau Sulawesi. ENSO diidentifikasi berdasarkan indeks Southern Oscillation Indeks (SOI). Data utama yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini berasal dari pengamatan stasiun Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) Kota Kendari, Makassar, Palu, Luwuk, Gorontalo, dan Manado. Data diolah dalam periode waktu 30 tahun (1988 – 2017) yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode statistika deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa ENSO memiliki hubungan yang cukup kuat dengan kelembapan relatif, namun memiliki hubungan yang lemah dengan curah hujan di sebagian besar data stasiun BMKG di Sulawesi. Hubungan ENSO dengan curah hujan terkuat terdapat di Gorontalo (r = 0.537), sedangkan hubungan terlemah terdapat di Manado (r = 0.242). Hubungan ENSO dengan kelembapan relatif terkuat terdapat di Makassar (r = 0.479), sedangkan hubungan terlemah terdapat di Palu (r = –0.057). Nilai korelasi anomali SPL di wilayah Perairan Sulawesi dengan SOI adalah sebesar 0.5067. Hal ini dapat diinterpretasikan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang cukup kuat dan berbanding lurus antara SPL di Sulawesi dan ENSO.
Kajian Identifikasi Penurunan Tren Curah Hujan, CDD dan CWD di Kota Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Pattipeilohy Wendel Jan , Beis Destan Saktrianus , Hadi Agus Sabana
Published: September 2022

Perubahan curah hujan dapat menyebabkan pergeseran awal musim kemarau dan musim hujan yang dapat berdampak pada berbagai sektor, terutama pertanian. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan kajian perubahan iklim di wilayah Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) melalui analisis deret waktu curah hujan yang dapat di identifikasikan dengan analisis tren dan Probability Density function (PDF). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi terjadinya pola kecenderungan dari fraksi hujan, hari hujan (HH), Consecutive Dry Days (CDD) Consecutive Wet Days (CWD)  dan distribusi data curah hujan pada rentang waktu 1991–2020 (30 tahun) di wilayah kota Kupang. Data curah hujan yang digunakan adalah data curah hujan observasi pada Stasiun Klimatologi Kupang. Analisis tren curah hujan tahunan dan hari hujan menunjukkan peningkatan kejadian curah hujan pada kategori rendah (0–20 mm)/hari. sedangkan pada kategori hujan > 20mm / hari mengalami penurunan, hal ini menyebabkan tren fraksi hujan 20mm, 50mm dan 100 mm di Kupang bernilai negatif. Fenomena ENSO (El Niño dan La Niña) mempengaruhi pola CDD dan CWD di Kota Kupang, Analisis trend CDD dan CWD menunjukan tren penurunan sebesar 0.4496 hari / tahun dan 0.054 hari / tahun.  PDF curah hujan periode DJF di Kota Kupang menunjukan perubahan yang signifikan dalam 20 tahun terakir dan peluang terjadi hari hujan selama 5 harian di kota Kupang sangat tinggi.
Kajian Analisis Parameter Vertical Velocity dan Kaitannya dengan Kondisi Parameter Cuaca saat Kejadian Hujan ES
Authors: Ayasha Nadine
Published: September 2022

Hujan es terjadi di Sukabumi, Sekadau dan Bogor, yang terjadi masing–masing pada tanggal 23 Agustus 2020, 22 Agustus 2020 dan 23 September 2020. Fenomena cuaca ekstrem di tiga tempat ini terjadi di musim kemarau. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan data model reanalysis ERA5 untuk menganalisa kondisi vertical velocity saat terjadi hujan es dan kaitannya dengan parameter cuaca lain seperti kelembapan udara dan pola angin. Selain itu, data satelit produk HCAI (High resolution Cloud Analysis Information) digunakan sebagai data pendukung untuk analisis perkembangan awan konvektif. Berdasarkan hasil model ERA5, nilai vertical velocity di lapisan 925 mb s/d 300 mb untuk wilayah Sukabumi, Sekadau dan Bogor masing–masing berkisar antara –1.2–(–0.2), –1.5–(–0.2), –1–0 Pa/s. Nilai negatif sebelum kejadian hujan es mengindikasikan terdapat upward motion dari massa udara yang memicu pertumbuhan awan konvektif yang memproduksi hujan es. Selain itu, kelembapan udara di lapisan 850–700 mb terdeteksi basah dan berkisar antara 80–90%. Sementara itu, pola angin di ketiga wilayah tersebut menunjukan adanya konvergensi dengan perlambatan kecepatan angin berkisar antara 2–4 knots. Hasil tersebut menunjukan bahwa upward motion dari vertical velocity cukup untuk membentuk kelembapan udara yang basah di atmosfer dan konvergensi untuk pertumbuhan awan konvektif yang menghasilkan hujan es di musim kemarau.
Eksenel Akılı PM Motorlarının Üretiminde Stator Olukları Açarken Gerçekleşen Hataların Moment Etkileri
Authors: ÇETİN Emrah
Published: September 2022

Axial flux permanent magnet machines (AFPM) became popular due to their effective profile. But AFPM machines have hard processes on production. Thus, some errors happen at the slot opening area and these errors affect the torque production. So, torque ripples occur. This paper shows the slot opening errors’ effect on the torque. An analytical model has been used to demonstrate the problem. Also, random slot opening width taken randomly with the ten per cent constraint. Results show that slot opening errors have impacts on the torque ripples.
Dar ve Geniş Hız Kesici Tümsekler Arasındaki Farkların Hız Azaltma Performansları Açısından Tespiti
Authors: KIRBAŞ Ufuk
Published: September 2022

The study was evaluated speed control undulations (SCUs), as one of the crucial speed management tools in urban areas, performance in reducing passenger car speeds. The evaluations investigated two narrow-type SCU (Bump) and two wide-type SCU (Hump) with 5 cm and 10 cm height. The performance of SCUs in reducing vehicle speeds has been examined by reading speed values from video records. Vehicle speeds have been determined at a distance from the SCUs that does not affect the speed of the drivers (approx. 125-150 m) and also at a distance of -60 m, -40 m, -20 m, 0 m (passing over), +20 m, +40 m and +60 m according to the SCU. All speed measurements were made in two different traffic flow regimes, free flow (FF) and oversaturated flow (OSF). Between the measured vehicle speeds and speed reduction rates, statistical evaluations were made for each SCU at different measurement points and the exact measurement points between different SCUs. It has been determined that the 10 cm high hump would be the right choice for reducing vehicle speeds.
Synthesis of Aromatic Schiff Bases and Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) Complexes: Investigation of Antımicrobial Activities
Authors: URUŞ Serhan
Published: September 2022

Two types of Schiff base ligands were synthesized with the reaction of N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine and salicylaldehyde , 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde separately. Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) complexes of the obtained ligants were synthesized and characterized using FT-IR, UV.-Vis., ICP-OES, TG/DTA/DTG, 1H and 13C NMR) and elemental analyses (C, H, N and metal contents analyses). The ligands and metal complexes obtained in the study were gram positive; Staphylococcus aureus Rosenbach ATCC-6538, Bacillus cereus ATCC 7064, gram negative; Escherichia coli ATCC-8739, Salmonella typhimurium and Candida albicans ATCC-90028 yeast strain biological activities against were investigated. It was determined that the L1 ligand and its complexes showed 8.15-12.99 mm diameter inhibition zones against microorganisms, and the L2 and complexes showed 7.66-13.88 mm diameter inhibition zones against microorganisms. Since these complex structures have positive effects against gram-negative and gram-positive strains, it is possible to be an alternative to antibiotics that are used extensively in our lives.
Estımate of Change in 〖CO〗_2 Emission Occurring in Internal Combustion Engines Generated By Electric Motors in Electric and Hybrid Vehicles in Transportation and Its Effect on Productivity: A Sample of Turkey
Authors: TOREN Murat , MOLLAHASANOGLU Hakki
Published: September 2022

Today, increasing air pollution problem, climate change, rapid depletion of oil reserves and their being expensive cause an increase in environmentally friendly, efficient and sustainable work in the transportation sector. For this reason, efforts are being made to expand the use of electric and hybrid vehicles in the transportation sector. In this study, the efficiency and 〖CO〗_2 emission effects provided by the electric motor types used compared to other vehicle engines are estimated by examining the electric and hybrid vehicles sold in our country as well as the historical development, structure and working principle of electric and hybrid vehicles. Preferred engines in electric and hybrid vehicles are compared in terms of efficiency, cost, power density and reliability. Brushless DC motors are determined to be better in terms of efficiency and performance, but costlier. Electric vehicles with permanent magnet synchronous motors are considered to be optimum in terms of efficiency and cost. 〖CO〗_2 emission values of engine types used in vehicles using internal combustion engines electric and hybrid vehicles are compared using basic statistical estimation methods. As a result of the comparison, it is expected that the 〖CO〗_2 emission rate will decrease by 2% or more in the future.
SAAC - Kriptosistemlerin analizi için istatistiksel mutlak çığ-etkisi kriter testi
Authors: BAYSAN Burak , ÖZEKES Serhat
Published: September 2022

Cryptosystems using binary radix (bit) arrays must first meet the strict avalanche criterion, which prevents correlation between input and output values in order to resist differential attacks. For this criterion, which is also called confusion/diffusion and butterfly-effect in the common literature, it is expected that two inputs with only one-bit difference from each other will cause half the total number of bits to differ in the output bits. While the literature includes the difference of at least half of the output bits, it does not include that changing all the bits will cause the binary complement and thus another undesirable result. The Statistical Absolute Avalanche Criterion (SAAC) test proposed in this study allows the statistical determination of a lower limit and the establishment of hypotheses. The SAAC test is a tool that can be easily used in the analysis of cryptosystems, especially encryption methods and message hash functions.
Computer Control with Face and Eye Movements Using Deep Learning and Image Processing Methods
Authors: ÇAPŞEK Muhammet Fatih , KARACI Abdulkadir
Published: September 2022

Today's computing is one of the basic needs of every human being. Many actions are done with the mouse in the use of the computer. Individuals with physical disabilities, paralysis from the neck down, or ALS patients who have difficulty in making physical contact with the computer are having difficulty using computers. In this study, an artificial intelligence-assisted system has been developed for these individuals, where they can control the mouse with head and eye movements. In this system, facial movements and eyes are detected in real-time through the library of Haar Cascade, Dlib, and Open CV from the images acquired through the camera. When Haar Cascade is used to detect the face region, the Dlib library is used to acquire right and left eye region images from this detected face image. These eye areas are provided as an introduction to the CNN model, which is trained with 2874 eye data (https://github.com/iparaskev/simple-blink-detector), and it is determined that the eye is closed or open. The CNN model 1500 is trained on a public eye image dataset representing open and 1374 closed-eye conditions. The left eye closed and opened state allows the mouse to click left and the right eye to close and open, and the right mouse to click. In addition, the location of the face detected with Haar Cascade is used to model mouse motion. The developed system is a real-time hybrid system with a combination of different methods and has been tested on different users. According to the test results, it was observed that the system correctly identified the eyes and the closed state of these eyes, classifying the blink event with CNN in both eyes correctly. However, it has been determined that there has been a slowness in modeling mouse movement or a poor fit to facial movement. The next study will focus on this issue and improve it by fine-tuning the system with data from many people.
Risk Assessment in Vending Machine Product Distribution
Authors: YILDIZ Aslıhan , ÖZKAN Coşkun , ALP Selçuk , AYYILDIZ Ertuğrul
Published: September 2022

Successfully managing the supply chain, which has become complex with many factors such as changes in customer demands, social perception, ease of access to information, advances in technology, increasing needs, and changing environmental conditions, provides great convenience to businesses. Effective supply chain and all operations management in this chain has great importance for retailers, which play a key role in the distribution of products and services to the end consumer. Vending machines, which are called the customers of retailers in a vendor-managed system, are among the distribution channels that are widely used in delivering products or services to the end consumer. The study, it is aimed to make a risk assessment for product distribution to vending machines. For this purpose, the Best Worst method, which is one of the Multi-Criteria Decision Making methods, is used to determine and evaluate supply risks. As a result of the evaluation of the nine risk criteria determined for the study according to the method, the risks that should be considered primarily are determined as "Errors in demand tracking", "Qualitative and quantitative inadequacies compared to competitors", "Insufficient vehicle compartment and capacity".
Artificial Neural Network Modeling of Industrial Liquid Level Control
Authors: ŞAHİN Nursel , TATBUL Fatih , KUŞ Ahmet , ÖZARSLAN YATAK Meral
Published: September 2022

System modeling is a scientific method that combines theory with experimental studies and has an important place in research activities. With the system model, the data to be obtained through real tests and experiments are provided more economically in terms of cost and the critical points of the system are provided with time savings. Some system models are very difficult to obtain using only analytical equations and methods. At this point, artificial neural networks are an alternative way to model complex, uncertain, nonlinear systems. Artificial neural network is an artificial intelligence system that takes the human brain as an example, learns from existing examples, can produce results with noisy, incomplete, non-linear data, and can make predictions and generalizations with high speed and accuracy after learning once. In this study, RT 512 liquid level control system produced by GUNT Hamburg, an experimental process control system for educational purposes, was modeled with an artificial neural network. In order to create the dynamic model, an input-output data set was created by operating the system in open-loop mode. In this set, the level change seen in the liquid level tube against the given control sign has been taken into account. For this process, a certain number of output data was obtained for a certain number of input data by using computer, Arduino, MCP4725 DAC, current/voltage, voltage/current converters. In the developed ANN model, the relationship between the regression curves and the model output and the test data taken from the system was observed and high accuracy was obtained.
Detection of Harvest Status of Oil Rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) with Machine Learning and Deep Learning Methods
Authors: DUMAN Burhan , KAYAALP Kıyas
Published: September 2022

Plants have an important place in human life in many sectors for many years. Rosa damascena Mill plant, which is called Pink Oil Rose, is a species that has economic value for sectors such as cosmetics, perfume, medicine and food industry with its distinctive sharp and intense scent among rose varieties. Oil rose is harvested in May in Turkey when its buds bloom. Roses in bud form are left unharvested until they bloom. In this study, binary classification of each oil rose according to "harvestable/non-harvestable" status was carried out using machine learning and deep learning methods. The data set created with the images obtained from the rose gardens was used in the training and testing of artificial intelligence models. DVM classifier was used as machine learning model, and VGG16, VGG19 and InceptionV3 were used as deep learning models. Classification performance is 71.06% in the DVM model, 96.44% in the VGG16 model, 97.96% in the VGG19 model and 72.08% in the InceptionV3 model.
Missing IoT Data Prediction with Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: AZİZOĞLU Fatma , ÜNSAL Emre
Published: September 2022

Every day, the amount of data generated by industrial applications based on the Internet of Things (IoT) grows. However, data acquired as a result of failures and communication disconnections in IoT devices might be noisy, inaccurate, and incomplete. These issues have become crucial for data production, quality, processing, and analysis. The datasets used in the scope of this study were collected in real-time from the water neutralizer system of Sivas Numune Hospital, which converts medical waste into household waste. Medical liquid wastes in hospitals are exposed to chemical neutralization process by means of pH change with neutralization devices before being transferred to the sewer. In this regard, the monitoring of pH levels in the medical waste neutralization system is crucial for environmental protection. In this aspect, two datasets with varying quantities of missing data were evaluated for the prediction of the PH using the linear regression (LR), support vector machines (SVM), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), random forest (RF), and decision tree (DT) machine learning algorithms. Mean absolute error (MAE), mean squared error (MSE), and root mean square error (RMSE) performance metrics were used to evaluate machine learning algorithms. As a consequence of the analysis, it was determined that the SVM algorithm performed better performance on the two distinct datasets. The result of the evaluation indicates that machine learning algorithms are remarkably efficient at predicting missing pH data.
A Hybrid Approach for Detection and Classification of Sheep-Goat Pox Disease Using Deep Neural Networks
Authors: ŞENGÖZ Nilgün
Published: September 2022

Artificial intelligence and its sub-branches, machine learning and deep learning, have proven themselves in many different areas such as medical imaging systems, face recognition, autonomous driving. Especially deep learning models have become very popular today. Because deep learning models are very complex in nature, they are one of the best examples of black-box models. This situation leaves the end user in doubt in terms of interpretability and explainability. Therefore, the need to make such systems understandable methods with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) has been widely developed in recent years. In this context, a hybrid method has been developed as a result of the study, and classification study has been carried out on the new and original dataset over different deep learning algorithms. Grad-CAM application was performed on VGG16 architecture with classification accuracy of 99.643% and heat maps of pre-processed images were obtained by CLAHE method.
Differential expression of LOC101927657 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have little treatment options and are generally rapidly fatal (1, 2). We harnessed the power of unbiased, whole transcriptome differential gene expression analysis, utilizing primary patient cells and tissues to discover genes whose expression defines sporadic ALS using published data (3, 4). We found significant differential expression of LOC101927657 in primary motor neurons of patients with ALS. LOC101927657 was also differentially expressed in fibroblasts isolated from patients with ALS. LOC101927657 transcript was present at significantly higher levels in ALS patient fibroblasts as compared to control, non-diseased fibroblasts. These analyses will begin to define the transcriptional landscape of ALS.
Differential expression of SLC9B2 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have little treatment options and are generally rapidly fatal (1, 2). We harnessed the power of unbiased, whole transcriptome differential gene expression analysis, utilizing primary patient cells and tissues to discover genes whose expression defines ALS using published and public data (3, 4). We found significant differential expression of SLC9B2, encoding solute carrier family 9 member B2, in the motor neurons of patients with ALS. SLC9B2 was also differentially expressed in the induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived motor neurons of patients with ALS. SLC9B2 transcript was present at significantly lower levels in ALS patient motor neurons as compared to control motor neurons. These analyses will begin to define the transcriptional landscape of ALS.
Causal loops: considerations for study design when adjusting for frailty
Authors: McInerney Ciarán , Todd Oliver , Gilthorpe Mark S
Published: September 2022

Frailty measurement aims to distinguish people who remain in robust health into old age, from people who have become vulnerable to losing their independence. Injudiciously adjusting for frailty indicators in statistical models biases causal estimates because the information might come from an unknown mix of mediators, confounders and competing exposures of the relationship of interest. Our Health-Observation-Diagnosis-Treatment cycle we propose presents a paradigm of the iterative relationships between a patient’s latent health status, clinical observation, formal diagnosis, and subsequent treatment, thereby providing a framework to inform appropriate adjustment for frailty in study design.
OHBM_abstract
Authors: Xu Ruijie
Published: September 2022

In this study, we investigate in the neural deviations in asymmetry aroused by different music training. We provide evidences of stronger connection in FPN by comparing musicians and control group. Specifically, more prominent asymmetric activation in FPN could be observed in guitarists. This may be because of the more asymmetric hand use in guitar that results in different motor execution strategy. Generally, this finding could help unveiling the relation between behavioral asymmetry and neural plasticity laterality.
India dan Kristen
Authors: Obehetan Yeheskiel
Published: September 2022

Nantikan lah perkara-perkara yang agung dari Allah; upayakan lah hal-hal besar bagi Allah.
Gravity in fourth spatial dimension
Authors: Ali Arif , Sapkota Divya Raj
Published: September 2022

An interpretation of gravitational attraction as a consequence of expansion of bodies and distortionof space. For this interpretation, we formulate the acceleration due to gravity and orbital velocitybased on expansion of bodies. It is also shown, how distortion in space counterbalances the effect ofexpansion.
Differential expression of IFI16 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the motor neurons, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have little treatment options and are generally rapidly fatal (1, 2). We harnessed the power of unbiased, whole transcriptome differential gene expression analysis, utilizing primary patient cells and tissues to discover genes whose expression defines ALS using published data (3, 4). We found significant differential expression of IFI16, encoding interferon gamma inducible protein 16, in the primary motor neurons of patients with ALS. IFI16 was also differentially expressed in the skeletal muscle of patients with ALS. IFI16 transcript was present at significantly higher levels in ALS patient motor neurons as compared to control motor neurons. These analyses will begin to define the transcriptional landscape of ALS.