bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A STUDY OF ADULT ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS’ ATTITUDES AND INTEREST TOWARDS THE USE OF AUDIOBOOKS IN FOREIGN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING
Authors: GENOVA Teodora
Published: February 2024

This paper aims at presenting a survey conducted in 2022 among adults learning English as a foreign
language, which explores their attitudes and interest in listening to audiobooks for the purpose of learning English as a
foreign language. This study was provoked by the increase in the popularity of audiobooks in the last few years especially
during the time of the Covid-19 pandemic between 2020 and 2022. It covers the age group of adult learners who are
educated both in the formal education system and outside of it. 280 adults, who have studied, are studying or are fluent in
English, from different parts of Bulgaria and those who live abroad have taken part in the survey. It includes two sections
with the total number of 25 multiple questions. The results of the survey emphatically show that audiobooks are not a
popular teaching tool for learning English, which confirms the current situation regarding the implementation of audiobooks
in foreign language teaching, although academic sources reveal abundant evidence of their effectiveness in developing all
language competences at all levels of language proficiency. The outcomes of the conducted survey could serve English
language teachers as a starting point for the wider use and dissemination of listening to audiobooks as a method of teaching
English as a foreign language.
THE INTERACTIVITY OF VIRTUAL LANGUAGE CLASS IN INDONESIA (A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY)
Authors: HALIM Nurhasanah , MAYUNI Ilza , SETIADI Samsi
Published: February 2024

Inspired by lecturers’ experience of Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) during the
COVID-19 pandemic, this phenomenological study presents an attempt at producing recommendations for the future
construction of virtual language classes in Indonesia. The employed methodology was to carry out a focus group
interview in order to collect research data and analyze them through Giorgi’s (2012) 5-step procedure. First,
researchers read the transcribed interview to get the whole sense of data while, in their efforts, reducing them into
themes. Second, the absence of research bias was assured throughout data reduction. Third, meaningful comments
were separated in order to group explicit phenomena according to their themes. Fourth, the themes were examined
to structure the recorded participants’ perceptions, and finally the structure was clarified and interpreted. Three
themes emerged and were structured to produce recommendations for the future construction of virtual language
classes in Indonesia. Further research needs to be conducted to investigate the effective peer-teaching to increase the
interactivity of students’ learning in virtual language classes and the absence of a virtual classroom model
recommended in The Guidelines for The Development of Higher Education Curriculum in the Industrial Era 4.0 to
Support Independent Learning – Independent Campus issued by the Ministry of Education and Culture.
ONLINE ASSESSMENT: A STUDY OF THE PERSPECTIVES AND BELIEFS OF ELT TEACHERS IN CENTRAL JAVA
Authors: HARTONO Heny , MURNIATI Cecilia Titiek
Published: February 2024

Due to its convenience, online assessment has become one of the most essential components in English
Language Teaching (ELT). Online assessment has been more intensively used in English Language Teaching practices
to complement conventional assessments. However, the success of online assessment implementation in ELT depends
on the teachers’ perspectives and beliefs about online assessment itself. This paper explores the perspectives and beliefs
of teachers in Central Java on online assessment in ELT and the factors underlying their perspectives and beliefs on
the effectiveness of online assessment in ELT. This study employed a qualitative research design and collected data
through semi structured interviews with twelve elementary school teachers in Central Java, Indonesia. The studied
teachers had experience in online classes because of the school lockdown during the outbreak of Covid-19. The
findings indicate that while they have positive perspectives towards the potential benefits of online assessment, they
also express concerns on the reliability and validity of online assessment. The teachers that participated in the research
highlighted the need for training and support in designing and implementing online forms of assessment, which
allowed them to combine online and traditional assessment methods. Teachers mostly believe ELT is best applied
through direct communicative interaction. Overall, this study sheds light on the complexities of online assessment in
ELT.
SPECIFICS OF VERBAL VALENCE IN TERMS OF ITS PERCEPTION BY SPEAKERS (PSYCHOLINGUISTIC EXPERIMENT)
Authors: SULYMA Olesia
Published: February 2024

The article provides an in-depth study of the valence of verbal vocabulary in terms of selection of
positions that are open to distributors. The purpose of the article is to outline the specifics of valence of actional and processual
verbs in and out of context, to establish the minimum and maximum number of open verb positions in different contexts
through a targeted associative experiment. The object of analysis are the verbs of actional and processual semantics, which
appear in personal and impersonal meanings or combine these properties: вирувати (to eddy), заливати (to flood), зацвітати
(to bloom), икати (to hiccup), казати (to say), клекотіти (to roar), котитися (to roll), переконувати (to persuade),
ревіти (to howl), розливатися (to spill), свистіти (to whistle), сніжити (to snow), чавкати (to smack). It has been
established that verbs of processual semantics require more dependent components, and this trend is observed with verbs that
have lost their actional seme and moved to the class of processual ones. A small number of open valence positions has been
established, which corresponds to the traditional scientific division, in particular, of the verb світати (to dawn), but most
reactions suggest the presence of an additional number of distributors compared to the scientific division by valence
characteristics. Verbs that scientists mainly classify as monovalent with a wide potential for transformation into divalent,
respondents ranked as divalent or trivalent, which makes it possible to finally change the traditional division of verbs into
groups based on valence features. A small number of the identified open fourth position of verb lexemes indicates the
inconsistency of its allocation for direct communication.
THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE, THE ANGLO-SAXON AND THE AMERICAN CULTURES IN THE BULGARIAN REVIVAL LINGUISTIC SITUATION
Authors: YORDANOVA Milena
Published: February 2024

The article views the place of the English language and the role of the Anglo-Saxon and the American
cultural influences in the processes which formed the specific Bulgarian linguistic situation during the Bulgarian Revival. The
topicality of the issue can be explained by the necessity of studying “the linguistic situation” as a complex phenomenon with
conglomerate conceptual projections, combining procedure, temporal dimension, language and educational policies, as well as
cultural influences in the geographical areal with dynamically changing boundaries. The methodology combines the traditional
historiographical approach with linguodidactological archeology and elements of empruntological analysis in order to trace
interlanguage and linguocaultural transfers. Bulgarian intellectuals’ attempts at building a unified national language and
educational policies are briefly viewed, putting emphasis on the place of the English language in the system of Bulgarian
foreign language teaching. The beginning of the empruntologic influence of English lexis on Bulgarian vocabulary is assumed
to be in 1829 when the first use of the word “ром” (rom) for rum (a drink imported from the British colonies in the Ottoman
Empire) is registered. An attempt is made to present the quantitative content of the Bulgarian intellectual elite that speaks
English during the period. The translation reception of Anglo-Saxon and American literature is reconstructed.
Cultural Proficiency and Multitasking Behavior: Implications on Librarians’ Job Performance
Authors: Rodriguez Michelle Rose , Dablio Marianita D.
Published: February 2024

Librarians who have a strong understanding of cultural differences and who demonstrate multiple task skills properly serve their users’ demands.  This study aimed to determine the level of cultural proficiency and multitasking behavior on the job performance of library and information professionals.  Eighty-five (85) librarians and eighty-five (85) head librarians participated in the study.  In this descriptive-correlational study, a research questionnaire was utilized and the gathered data was subsequently analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools.  The study indicates that librarians’ cultural proficiency and job performance were rated high, suggesting a strong foundation for cultural competence and effective task completion.  Multitasking behavior was rated moderate, indicating a tendency to multitask during deadlines or meetings.  Job performance in task completion, job knowledge, adaptability, and technology adeptness were also very high, suggesting adaptability and openness to learning and trying new approaches.  The study concludes that cultural proficiency and multitasking significantly influence job performance, with involvement in metacognition, cognition, motivation, and behavior leading to more effective task completion, a better understanding of issues, and more innovative ideas at work.  The study underscores that librarians’ high cultural proficiency and moderate multitasking skills significantly enhance their job performance, with their adaptability, willingness to learn, and innovative thinking fostering efficient task completion and a comprehensive understanding of their professional responsibilities.  Future studies might consider investigating the effects of targeted training initiatives designed to boost librarians’ cultural proficiency, multitasking capabilities, and adaptability to ascertain whether such interventions could substantially enhance job performance and task execution efficiency.
Una Revisión Sistemática de la Competencia Ciudadanía Digital en la Educación Básica
Authors: Gómez Quiñones María Guadalupe , Reyes Cabrera William René
Published: February 2024

La formación de ciudadanos digitales implica a muchos agentes inmersos en el proceso educativo, uno de ello son los jóvenes, los cuales se exponen a riesgos al estar conectados en línea. Esta revisión sistemática tuvo como objetivo estudiar cómo han evolucionado los estudios referentes al tema de la competencia Ciudadanía digital, y las tendencias que abordan el término, principalmente en el nivel secundaria. La temporalidad de la revisión fue del año 2014 a 2023. Se consultaron las bases de datos ERIC, Web of science, y EBSCO. Se han obtuvieron un total de 328 estudios que, tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, quedaron un total de 10 artículos para su análisis. Los resultados muestran que hay una escasez de estudios referentes a la competencia de ciudadanía digital, los estudios están centrados en medir los conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes, dejando de lado el nivel de la competencia de los alumnos de nivel secundaria, asimismo, las investigaciones centradas en el contexto de América Latina son incipientes. Por lo que se recomienda que para una mayor comprensión del concepto de ciudadanía digital la investigación referente al tema se pueda ampliar, así como también se continúe llevando a cabo investigaciones adicionales.
Educación Positiva, una Sinergia entre la Escuela y la Familia hacia el Éxito y el Bienestar
Authors: Crismatt Romero Darwin
Published: February 2024

Esta investigación, relaciona con los cambios y exigencia que demanda la sociedad moderna y la formación de sujetos competentes academica y emocionalmente, ubicados en la influencia de la educación positiva en la construcción de personas idóneas y exitosas, estructura, que sitúa a la escuela y la familia como sitios de acogida y transformación, promotoras del cambios y progreso. La investigación señala la importancia e impacto de los múltiples actores sociales (familia, escuela, gobiernos), como protagonistas activos del desarrollo humano, al promover acciones, procesos, mecanismos y estrategia novedosas que orienten al individuo de manera coherente para afrontar los desafíos del sistema global y sus exigencias. El propósito de la investigación, es examinar y comprender la responsabilidad social del docente y la familia con los nuevos retos del mundo y la incidencia de la educación positiva como un paradigma creciente, que circula en las fuentes de inclusión, diversidad, dialogo, innovación, competencias, capacidades, inteligencia y la potencialidad de talentos, acto que rezaga las conductas inapropiadas por formas reflexivas y productivas. Metodológicamente, se decidió realizar una investigación documental que facilitó el análisis de información mundial, regional y local, para comprender la educación positiva como un factor determinante de la transformación social, simultaneo, relacionar la influencia de la familia y la escuela en el desarrollo de las competencias sociocognitivas y socioemocionales, a partir  del vínculo e incursión de las metodologías activas y las características de la escuela emprendedora para la formación de sujetos idóneos. Se concluyó: que la educación positiva como dinámica de revelación cultural, promueve el uso de las tecnologías, la dinámica social, practicas ciudadanas, conductas resilientes, racionalidad y una siembra social germinable, que promete ser una opción renovadora de los procesos escolares, la formación en familia, el desarrollo social y la consolidación de personas competentes recargadas de motivación y felicidad.
El Teletrabajo y el Trabajo en casa en Colombia. El Cumplimiento de las ARL ante la Declaratoria del Estado de Emergencia por COVID -19
Authors: Zuluaga Ramos Carlos Guillermo
Published: February 2024

El propósito de la presente investigación es analizar, si con la entrada en vigor del Decreto Legislativo No. 491 de 2020, donde se adoptaron medidas para garantizar la prestación del servicio. Fueron tomadas todas las medidas de protección laboral establecidas por las Aseguradoras de Riesgos Laborales (ARL), en el marco de la actual emergencia por la presencia de la pandemia generada por la COVID 19.  Por lo tanto, es importante analizar las modificaciones relacionadas con el Teletrabajo y la consecuente creación del denominado trabajo en casa, con los cambios normativos y reglamentarios establecidos en la Ley 2088 de 2021. Todo lo anterior, en atención a los lineamientos establecidos en la Circular No. 0021 de 2020 del Ministerio de Trabajo, con la promoción de la higiene y seguridad del Trabajo en Casa.  Esta investigación se apoyó en el enfoque cualitativo, con un alcance explicativo, y la utilización del método hermenéutico crítico y el estudio de caso. Adicionalmente, se utilizaron las técnicas de investigación de revisión documental y conversación con expertos, se utilizaron herramientas de investigación relacionadas con bases de datos, tales como, Scopus, Redalyc, Publindex, Latindex, Scielo, ente otras.
Efficacy and Safety of Omarigliptin, a Novel Once-Weekly Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor, in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kamrul-Hasan A.B.M. , Alam Muhammad Shah , Talukder Samir Kumar , Dutta Deep , Selim Shahjada
Published: February 2024

Background: No recent meta-analysis has holistically analyzed and summarized the efficacy and safety of omarigliptin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We conducted a meta-analysis to address this knowledge gap.Methods: Electronic databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included patients with T2DM who received omarigliptin in the intervention arm. The control arm consisted of either a placebo (passive control group [PCG]) or an active comparator (active control group [ACG]). The primary outcome assessed was changes in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), while secondary outcomes included variations in glucose levels, achievement of glycemic targets, adverse events (AEs), and hypoglycemic events.Results: From 332 initially screened articles, data from 16 RCTs involving 8,804 subjects were analyzed. Omarigliptin demonstrated superiority over placebo in reducing HbA1c levels (mean difference, –0.58%; 95% confidence interval, –0.75 to –0.40; P<0.00001; I2=91%). Additionally, omarigliptin outperformed placebo in lowering fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour postprandial glucose, and in the percentage of participants achieving HbA1c levels below 7.0% and 6.5%. The glycemic efficacy of omarigliptin was similar to that of the ACG across all measures. Although the omarigliptin group experienced a higher incidence of hypoglycemic events compared to the PCG, the overall AEs, serious AEs, hypoglycemia, and severe hypoglycemia were comparable between the omarigliptin and control groups (PCG and ACG).Conclusion: Omarigliptin has a favorable glycemic efficacy and safety profile for managing T2DM.
Juglans kernel powder and jacobinia leaf powder supplementation influenced growth, meat, brain, immune system and dna biomarker of broiler chickens fed Aflatoxin-B1 contaminated diets
Authors: Oloruntola Olugbenga David
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the impact of Juglans kernel powder (JKP) and Jacobinia leaf powder (JLP) supplementation on Aflatoxin-B1 (AF) exposed broiler chickens. 200 Cobb-500 broiler chicks were grouped to four treatment: CONT: No supplement; AFNS: 0.5 mg/kg AF; AFJK: 0.5 mg/kg AF+ 350 mg/kg JKP; AFJL: 0.5 mg/kg AF+350 mg/kg JLP. On day 42, the broiler chicken’s relative growth rate, and dressed percentage were lowest in AFNS compared to the rest treatments. Meat cholesterol was lower in AFNS, AFJK, and AFJL, compared to CONT. Meat catalase in AFNS was lower than those in CONT, AFJK, and AFJL. Meat glutathione peroxidase levels of birds in AFNS are similar to AFJL but were lower than those in CONT, and AFJK. Lipid oxidation, and protein oxidation activities of broiler chickens in AFNS were higher than those in the rest of the treatments. Brain catalase, acetylcholinesterase, and glutathione peroxidase activities of birds in AFNS were lower than CONT, AFJK, and AFJL. Expressions of proinflammatory cytokines, and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in AFNS were higher compared to other treatments. The immunoglobulins A, E and G of broiler chickens in AFNS were lower than CONT, AFJK, and AFJL. 350 mg/kg JKP or JLP ameliorate the effects of AF contamination on broiler chickens.
STUDY ON TEMPORAL-FUZZY FRACTIONAL P-KDV EQUATION WITH NON-SINGULAR MITTAG LEFFLER KERNEL
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Meher Ramakanta
Published: February 2024

This work discusses the solution of temporal-fuzzy fractional non-linear p-KdV equations employing a singular kernel and a non-singular Mittag Leffler kernel. A novel q-homotopy analysis approach with a generalised transform is proposed to study the fuzzy time-fractional model with two distinct fractional operators, and the behaviour of the solution is studied in both crisp and uncertain cases. Consequently, the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method have been obtained by comparing the obtained numerical results with the available results under the assumption of crisp case for α = 1 that validate the obtained results. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed fractional orders is checked with distinct fractional operators.
Bar-driven Gas Dynamics of M31
Authors: Feng Zi-Xuan , Li Zhi , Shen Juntai , Gerhard Ortwin , Saglia R. P. , Blaña Matias , Li Hui , Jing Yingjie
Published: February 2024

The large-scale gaseous shocks in the bulge of M31 can be naturally explained by a rotating stellar bar. We use gas dynamical models to provide an independent measurement of the bar pattern speed in M31. The gravitational potentials of our simulations are from a set of made-to-measure models constrained by stellar photometry and kinematics. If the inclination of the gas disk is fixed at i = 77°, we find that a low pattern speed of 16–20 km s−1 kpc−1 is needed to match the observed position and amplitude of the shock features, as shock positions are too close to the bar major axis in high Ω
b
models. The pattern speed can increase to 20–30 km s−1 kpc−1 if the inner gas disk has a slightly smaller inclination angle compared with the outer one. Including subgrid physics such as star formation and stellar feedback has minor effects on the shock amplitude, and does not change the shock position significantly. If the inner gas disk is allowed to follow a varying inclination similar to the H i and ionized gas observations, the gas models with a pattern speed of 38 km s−1 kpc−1, which is consistent with stellar-dynamical models, can match both the shock features and the central gas features.
The Emergence of a Brightest Cluster Galaxy in a Protocluster Core at z = 2.24
Authors: Shi Dong Dong , Wang Xin , Zheng Xian Zhong , Cai Zheng , Fan Xiaohui , Bian Fuyan , Teplitz Harry I.
Published: February 2024

We report the detection of a pair of massive quiescent galaxies likely in the process of merging at the center of the spectroscopically confirmed, extremely massive protocluster BOSS1244 at z = 2.24 ± 0.02. These galaxies, BOSS1244-QG1 and BOSS1244-QG2, were detected with Hubble Space Telescope grism slitless spectroscopic observations. These two quiescent galaxies are among the brightest member galaxies, with z = 2.223–2.255 in BOSS1244, and reside at redshifts z = 2.244 and z = 2.242, with a half-light radius of 6.76 ± 0.50 kpc and 2.72 ± 0.16 kpc, respectively. BOSS1244-QG1 and BOSS1244-QG2 are separated by a projected distance of about 70 physical kpc, implying that the two galaxies likely merge to form a massive brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) with size and mass similar to the most massive BCGs in the local Universe. We thus infer that BCG formation through dry major mergers may happen earlier than the full assembly of a cluster core, which broadens our previous understanding of the coevolution of mature galaxy clusters and BCGs in the nearby Universe. Moreover, we find a strong density–star formation relation over a scale of ∼18 comoving Mpc in BOSS1244, i.e., star formation activity decreases as density increases, implying that the quenching of star formation in BCGs and their progenitors is likely governed by environment-related processes before the virialization of the cluster core.
AI-enhanced Citizen Science Discovery of an Active Asteroid: (410590) 2008 GB140
Authors: Chandler Colin Orion , Sedaghat Nima , Oldroyd William J. , Trujillo Chadwick A. , Burris William A. , Hsieh Henry H. , Kueny Jay K. , Farrell Kennedy A. , DeSpain Jarod A. , Magbanua Mark Jesus Mendoza , Sheppard Scott S. , Mazzucato Michele T. , Bosch Milton K. D. , Shaw-Diaz Tiffany , Gonano Virgilio , Lamperti Al , da Silva Campos José A. , Goodwin Brian L. , Terentev Ivan A. , Dukes Charles J. A.
Published: February 2024

We report the discovery of cometary activity emanating from Main-belt asteroid 410590 (2008 GB140), a finding facilitated, for the first time, by an artificial intelligence (AI) assistant. The assistant, TailNet, is a prototype we designed to enhance volunteer efforts of our Citizen Science project Active Asteroids, a NASA Partner program hosted on the Zooniverse platform. Our follow-up investigation revealed eight Dark Energy Camera images showing 2008 GB140 with a tail spanning UT 2023 April 23–UT 2023 July 3, when the object was inbound to perihelion. We classify 2008 GB140 as an active asteroid and a candidate Main-belt comet (MBC)—a main-belt asteroid that undergoes volatile sublimation-driven activity. Notably, 2008 GB140 is presently near perihelion, thus the object is a prime target for follow-up observations to further characterize its activity.
Digitization Coordination Workshop Report
Authors: Livermore Laurence , Little Holly , Goodwin Jillian , Orli Sylvia , Hardy Helen , Berger Frederik , Braker Emily , Chapman Jacqueline , Cohen Lauren , Grant Sharon , Grosso Jesse , Jennings David , Mast Austin , Motz Gary , Nelson Gil , Rios Nelson , Rossi Vincent , Schuster Franziska , Snyder Rebecca , Sobers Kira , Sweeney Patrick , Watson Kimberly , Wilkins Alyson , Zaspel Jennifer , Zimkus Breda , Zorich Diane
Published: February 2024

Many larger museums and archives have begun to implement a centralized approach to digitization of collections by creating Digitization Coordinator positions. This new effort has initiated a singular vision for digitization that incorporates priorities, workflows, and resources to greatly improve the efficiency and throughput of digitization in collections. Smaller institutions are now starting to see the benefit of creating a more structured cross-disciplinary approach to digitization, allowing for better awareness and resourcing of digitization needs.

The workshop brought together natural sciences digitization professionals from the USA and EU, highlighting lessons learned and best practices to realize the benefits of a coordinated approach including advocacy for digitization, accelerating digitization efficiency and, ultimately, increasing digital collections access and usability to address societal challenges, such as biodiversity decline. Insights, lessons learned and initial thoughts on best practices are described, and the supporting workshop resources are shared so that others can benefit.
Cyclic codes over non-chain ring $ \mathcal{R}(\alpha_1, \alpha_2, \ldots, \alpha_s) $ and their applications to quantum and DNA codes
Authors: Ali Shakir , Alali Amal S. , Wong Kok Bin , Oztas Elif Segah , Sharma Pushpendra
Published: February 2024

Let $ s \geq 1 $ be a fixed integer. In this paper, we focus on generating cyclic codes over the ring $ \mathcal{R}(\alpha_1, \alpha_2, \ldots, \alpha_s) $, where $ \alpha_i \in \mathbb{F}_q\backslash \{0\} $, $ 1 \leq i \leq s $, by using the Gray map that is defined by the idempotents. Moreover, we describe the process to generate an idempotent by using the formula (2.1). As applications, we obtain both optimal and new quantum codes. Additionally, we solve the DNA reversibility problem by introducing $ \mathbb{F}_q $ reversibility. The aim to introduce the $ \mathbb{F}_q $ reversibility is to describe IUPAC nucleotide codes, and consequently, 5 IUPAC DNA bases are considered instead of 4 DNA bases $ (A, \; T, \; G, \; C) $.
Data governance and Gensini score automatic calculation for coronary angiography with deep-learning-based natural language extraction
Authors: Li Feng , Jiang Mingfeng , Xu Hongzeng , Chen Yi , Chen Feng , Nie Wei , Wang Li
Published: February 2024

With the widespread adoption of electronic health records, the amount of stored medical data has been increasing. Clinical data, often in the form of semi-structured or unstructured electronic medical records (EMRs), contains rich patient information. However, due to the use of natural language by physicians when composing these records, the effectiveness of traditional methods such as dictionaries, rule matching, and machine learning in the extraction of information from these unstructured texts falls short of clinical standards. In this paper, a novel deep-learning-based natural language extraction method is proposed to overcome current shortcomings in data governance and Gensini score automatic calculation in coronary angiography. A pre-trained model called bidirectional encoder representation from transformers (BERT) with strong text feature representation capabilities is employed as the feature representation layer. It is combined with bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) and conditional random field (CRF) models to extract both global and local features from the text. The study included an evaluation of the model on a dataset from a hospital in China and it was compared with another model to validate its practical advantages. Hence, the BiLSTM-CRF model was employed to automatically extract relevant coronary angiogram information from EMR texts. The achieved F1 score was 91.19, which is approximately 0.87 higher than the BERT-BiLSTM-CRF model.
Indoor Environmental Quality In Preschool Buildings In an Andean City In Ecuador
Authors: Ochoa-Avilés Angélica , Parra-Ullauri Andrea , Jaramillo-Torres María José , Escandón Samuel , Parra-Ullauri Mayra , Mejía Danilo , Ochoa-Avilés Cristina , Rodas-Espinoza Claudia
Published: February 2024

Indoor environmental quality has been associated with the health and wellbeing of building occupants; nevertheless, there is limited evidence in this regard for Latin American schools. This research aimed to characterize indoor environmental quality in public and private preschools in an Andean city in Ecuador. Data collection comprised onsite monitoring for the thermal-humidity microclimate of 90 classrooms in 30 preschools in Cuenca-Ecuador (March-August 2018). Infrared thermography and direct observation were applied to determine dampness. Classrooms seemed to be inadequate thermal-humidity microclimates; only a few maintained a comfortable temperature (6%) and relative humidity (11%) throughout the shift. When comparing public and private schools, in private schools, temperatures below the comfort range (61.3% in private schools vs 31.4% in public schools, p<0.001) and relative humidity measures above the comfort range were more frequent (74.3% in private schools vs. 58.6% in public schools, p<0.001). Hollow blocks were the primary construction material in private and public schools. Sixty-four per cent of private schools operated in adaptive, reused buildings, vs 19% in public schools (p<0.05). Infrared thermography confirmed dampness in 26% (n=23) of the classrooms in the covering structures indoors (15% in public vs 33% in private schools, p<0.05). This research reveals the urgent need to develop specific regulations and control mechanisms for building sustainable and healthy environments for preschools in Ecuador.
As a Chinese researcher in Belgium: Path dependence or path-breaking?
Authors: Xiao Fan
Published: February 2024

Extra-regional linkages contribute to innovation. However, detailed thoughts of innovators are missing in the literature. A question arises: how does a newly established extra-regional linkage affect knowledge production? To address this question, as a Chinese researcher in Belgium, I use my own surrounding experience to explore the drivers of innovation types in this essay. The findings show that: to some extent, utilitarianism and neoliberalism contribute to path dependence of knowledge production, while weak local embeddedness in the two countries of ours leads to path-breaking. Then, I show my concerns that path dependence might lead to (re-)colonial turn of knowledge production worldwide. Hopefully, this essay can broaden our understanding of the microscopic innovation process.
Das Theater als kulturelle Institution in Zagreb (Agram) und das Jahr 1818
Authors: Car Milka
Published: February 2024

Anlässlich des Besuches der Stadt Zagreb/Agram durch das Kaiserpaar Franz I. und Caroline am 28. Juni 1818 verfasste der langjährige Leiter der deutschsprachigen Theatertruppe in Agram Joseph Bubenhofen eine kurze Schrift unter dem Titel Die Beschreibung der Illumination, welche in der Königl. Haupt. und Freystadt Agram den 28. Juni 1818 bei der allerhöchsten Anwesenheit Ihrer k. k. Majestäten Franz und Caroline gegeben wurde. Die Beschreibung der Festlichkeiten in dieser Schrift wird als Ausgangspunkt für die Analyse der imperialen Repräsentationen und Loyalitätsbekundungen am Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts genommen. Neben den an die imperialen Repräsentationen angelehnten Modernisierungsbemühungen werden auch die mit der Institution Theater verbundenen Diskurse analysiert, da anlässlich des Kaiserbesuches auch Theaterinszenierungen angeboten wurden – es handelt sich ja um das Theater als eines der wichtigsten Medien des späten 18. und des beginnenden 19. Jahrhunderts. Zu rekonstruieren ist die Rolle des deutschsprachigen Theaters als eine bedeutende Entwicklungsphase der Theatergeschichte in Zagreb/Agram am Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts. Dies erfolgt in Anlehnung an die Theaterrezensionen und Nachrichten aus Wiener Zeitung und der ersten Theaterzeitschrift in deutscher Sprache Agramer Theater Journal. Verfolgt wird die Rolle der kulturvermittelnden Leitinstitutionen wie Zeitschriften und Theater im multiethnischen Umfeld der Habsburgermonarchie.
Digital Talent Development Cooperation Between China and Africa
Authors: Ye Wei
Published: February 2024

This chapter examines the trajectory and effectiveness of Africa-China digital talent development cooperation by investigating university-industry-government relations. Based on participant observation conducted in China from 2017 to 2019 and fieldwork in Ethiopia from 2019 to 2020, it identifies a typology of four collaboration types based on the nature of initiators and the partnership modes. Ethiopia is selected as an information-rich case due to its diverse typology variations. Each collaboration type addresses specific digital education needs in Ethiopia, including equipping education officials and professionals with digital knowledge in higher education, providing digital skills training for pre-service and in-service teachers, and empowering youth through digital innovation and entrepreneurship. This chapter uncovers the interactions among universities, industry, and governments in digital talent development between Africa and China. It argues that African governments should take a more proactive role in facilitating effective university-industry linkages.
Artificial Intelligence and Health in Africa
Authors: Ansah Margaret Richardson , Ugo Hannah Chimere , Aboagye Isaac Adjaye , Sowah Nii Longdon , Osei Gifty , Balapangu Srinivasan S. , Kwofie Samuel Kojo
Published: February 2024

As the application of artificial intelligence (AI) expands across various fields of practice including health its deployment, regulation, acceptability, preparedness challenges, and ethical concerns in Africa requires a critical look. The chapter's primary objective is to provide a comprehensive understanding of how AI can positively affect health outcomes in Africa. The authors explored the potential for AI to transform and improve healthcare in low-resource areas like Africa and reviewed the current state of how AI algorithms can be used to improve diagnostics, treatment, and disease monitoring, as well as how AI can help with pandemic preparedness. The chapter also highlights the challenges and ethical considerations that need to be addressed when deploying AI in Africa. The chapter concludes that AI is poised to assist countries in improving the quality of health service delivery through innovation using telemedicine-assisted approaches and that there is a need to deploy new technologies and share lessons and experiences among countries on the African continent to help improve healthcare in Africa.
Exploring AI and Dialogic Education Outcomes From a Learning Sciences Perspective
Authors: Anapey Gideon Mensah
Published: February 2024

Regardless of the imperatives of the COVID-19 pandemic and the increasing adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education to meet learning outcomes, little is known about its integration in dialogic learning outcomes in the post-COVID 19 era. From the learning sciences perspective, this chapter explores faculty members' adoption of AI resources for dialogic pedagogy using a participatory research design and social-constructivism theory. Interview data was obtained from 6 faculty members of two of Ghana's teacher education universities. Manual coding in Microsoft Excel yielded themes from the participants' narrative data with voices embedded. The results suggest that generic computer training, social media and internet exposure, data analytics, multimedia capacity, and digital pedagogy are the leading skills required for AI integration for dialogic learning goals among faculty members. In conclusion, capacity building for faculty to effectively deploy AI resources in students' dialogic learning goals requires learning scientists' effort and inputs.
Quantum Leap and Uptake for Technological Advances in Africa in the Era of the COVID-19 Crisis
Authors: Owusu-Ansah Emmanuel de-Graft Johnson , Avuglah Richard Kodzo , Kyere Yaa Adwubi
Published: February 2024

This chapter explores how the COVID-19 pandemic affected technology in Africa, focusing on technological innovations and uptake. The COVID-19 pandemic has encouraged industrial innovation and digital transformation in Africa. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown that traditional methods are ineffectual, and technology is needed. African nations need digital technology to improve healthcare, education, e-commerce, and governance. Technology narrows the digital divide by improving productivity, access to critical services, and promoting economic development. Telemedicine, e-learning, digital payments, and remote working made Africa resilient in the face of the pandemic. The chapter evaluates African technical problems and potential. Poor infrastructure, internet connectivity, high fees, and digital illiteracy are critical issues that need to be addressed. The chapter suggests that government, industry, and international organizations work together to solve these problems. COVID-19 might boost African technology. Technology may boost African economies and living standards through digital transformation if the aforementioned critical issues are overcome.
Functionalization and Deconvolution of Tubular Ceramic Support Membrane Prepare from High Silica Spent Bleaching Earth by Centrifugal Casting
Authors: Rahma Aulia , Elma Muthia , Roil Bilad Muhammad , Syauqiah Isna , Patria Rahmad Aprido , Ziqri Muhammad , Kartikawati Dita
Published: February 2024

Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE) is a solid waste produced from the palm cooking oil refining industry. The commercial ceramic membranes are quite pricey, therefore SBE solid waste is possible to be an alternative for reduction of membrane material cost due to high silica content. This work demonstrates the fabrication of ceramic tubular support membrane with varied SBE addition and investigates the functionalization group of its membranes. The ceramic support membrane was prepared from regeneration SBE with varied loading composition 15 and 35 wt%. The regeneration SBE using n-Hexane as solvent. Membranes were casted into tubular configuration using centrifugal casting technique at 3000 rpm. The tubular ceramic SBE membranes were dried and followed by calcined at 900°C with heating rate 2°C/min using programable furnace for 2 h. Both of raw SBE material and membranes were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The SBE material after regenerated exhibits has high Si-OH and Si-O-Si peaks over raw material. Interestingly, the fabrication ceramic support membrane with tubular configuration is successfully preparation by centrifugal casting. Ceramic SBE membrane exhibits functionalization and deconvolution the present of siloxane, Al-OH-Al, Ti-O-Ti, and Al-O bands for both of 15 and 35wt% SBE loading. It concluded this tubular ceramic support membrane from SBE has appropriated chemical functionalize properties to applicates as membrane separation.
Effect of Weight Percent Mg and Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Al10Si Aluminum Alloy Casting Products Car Chassis Materials
Authors: Numberi Johni J. , Joni Joni , Bhiftime Eka Irianto , Dewa Rando Tungga , Permata Ariyo N.S. , Lestari Wahyu D. , Utama R. M. Satria , Atami M. Ircham , Ariesta Annisa , Yasir Muhammad Raihan Atallah
Published: February 2024

Innovation in the automotive field is now growing rapidly. New materials are considered to be incorporated in automotive design if they have economic and vehicle performance benefits. This research investigates the change of the Magnesium (Mg) addition and heat treatment to the mechanical properties and microstructure of the car chassis prototype with Al10Si Aluminum alloy base material. The process of casting using the High-Pressure Die Casting method. Variation of Mg (3, 4, 5 wt%) to increase the strength of mechanical properties of Al10Si aluminum alloy material. In the casting process, the first Al10Si heated up to 690°C. Mg is incorporated into the heating furnace, then stirred by a mechanical stirrer. Stirring speed of 90 rpm and stirring time of 120 seconds. After it has poured into the mold, the casting temperature is 740°C. Then cools the room to room temperature 39°C. Then performed, heat treatment, using the method of age hardening and artificial aging. The test results prove that the hardening heat treatment makes the grain size smaller. Small grain size, then increase the strength of the material with the addition of Mg elements.
Study Effect of Holding Time at Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) on Joint Dissimilar Welding ASTM 335 P11 to ASTM 304L under Controlled Condition
Authors: Ismadi Sabandi , Winarto Winarto
Published: February 2024

Welding joint Austenitic stainless steels can undergo intergranular corrosion attack in some service conditions, such as oil refineries, petrochemical plants, and industrial furnaces operating at high temperatures (between 500°C and 675°C). This research focuses on fabricating dissimilar metal welds to avoid failure due to sensitization and investigate stress-relieved carbon steel by Post-weld heat treatment (PWHT). This work studies a dissimilar weld joint (DWJ) of ASTM 335 grade P11 joint to ASTM 304L and PWHT after welding. These welding processes are used in multi-pass gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) using filler metal R309L. PWHT at temperatures of 550 °C with holding times of 40, 50, and 60 minutes and then slow cooling in atmospheric air temperature, It was used to compare the results holding time carbon steel ASTM A335 Gr. P11 while processing. Holding time at 50 minutes has the maximum result of PWHT with 182 HV and has a good distribution of perlite with fine grain and increasing holding time also increases formed carbide on the grain boundary of stainless steel 304L.
Tensile Strength of Wire-Woven SUS 304 Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Dewa Rando Tungga , Adinata Daffa Mandala , Akbar Raja , Yasir Muhammad Raihan Atallah
Published: February 2024

In this paper, a series of tensile testing on wire drawing SUS 304 were conducted in order to meet the required specifications, thus, it can be utilized on the aircraft fighter components to remain stable and avoid shaking or vibration when the engine is operated. The studied material is expected to be used on flank airframes to improve its strength, wear resistance, corrosion, and aesthetic appearance. Series of tensile test has been conducted with universal testing machine (1 tonne) with modified jig configuration according to ASTM E8. The specimens were made according to the manufacture requirements such as wavy pin and straight pin connecting rod. The wire diameter has been drawing into the final diameter, which is Φ8.0 mm. From the tensile tests, yielding 1165.8 MPa and 1588.1 MPa, respectively. It is observed that the strength of woven SUS 304 wire drawing has reached the required specification to be manufactured in aircraft fastener. Factor of safety up to 2.0 has been acquired to the studied woven SUS 304 wire drawing.
3D-Printed Polymer Spare Parts for Various Applications
Authors: Dizon John Ryan C.
Published: February 2024

3D-printed polymer component parts and spare parts are now being widely used in various applications. In this paper, the 3D printing technologies and materials for spare part production in several applications are presented. Some opportunities and challenges faced when using 3d-printed spare parts are also discussed. The acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) has mostly been used. And it was found out that the durability of the spare parts could vary depending on the application.
Studying Effects of Heat Treatment on Friction Stir Welding of Al 7075
Authors: Nhat Dang Minh , Trung Pham Quang , Khanh Bui Duy
Published: February 2024

This study presents a research paper on the influence of heat treatment on FSW in Al 7075 materials. A comprehensive investigation was used to examine the impact of crucial weld parameters on the weld quality, including strength, flexibility, corrosion resistance, and weld structure. Additionally, the influence of temperature and tempering time on the weld quality was thoroughly examined. A series of comprehensive experiments were carried out on a 2.5 m thick aluminum 7075 plate that was welded using the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) technique. The primary objective of these experiments was to methodically examine the impact of heat treatment on the welded plate's mechanical and microstructural characteristics. The samples underwent examination both before and during heat treatment. The macroscopic and microstructural characteristics were analyzed utilizing optical microscope, tensile testing, and microhardness assessment. The impact of heat treatment is noteworthy as it substantially reduces the weld hardness while enhancing its elasticity.
Erdr1 Drives Macrophage Programming via Dynamic Interplay with YAP1 and Mid1
Authors: Wang Yuhang
Published: February 2024

Erythroid differentiation regulator 1 (Erdr1) is a stress-induced, widely expressed, highly conserved secreted factor found in both humans and mice. Erdr1 is linked with the Hippo-YAP1 signaling. Initially identified as an inducer of hemoglobin synthesis, Erdr1 emerged as a multifunctional protein, especially in immune cells. Although Erdr1 has been implicated in regulating T cells and NK cell function, its role in macrophage remains unclear. This study explored the function and mechanism of Erdr1 in macrophage inflammatory response. The data demonstrated that Erdr1 could promote anti-inflammatory cytokine production, a function that also has been reported by previous research. However, I found Erdr1 also could play a proinflammatory role. The function of Erdr1 in macrophages depends on its dose and cell density. I observed that Erdr1 expression was inhibited in M1 macrophages but was upregulated in M2 macrophages compared with unpolarized macrophages. I hypothesized that Erdr1 balances the inflammatory response by binding with distinct adaptors dependent on varying concentrations. Mechanistically, I demonstrated YAP1 and Mid1 as the two adaptor proteins of Erdr1. The Erdr1–YAP1 interaction promotes anti-inflammatory cytokine production when Erdr1 levels are elevated, whereas the Erdr1–Mid1 interaction induces proinflammatory cytokine production when Erdr1 levels are decreased. This study highlights the effects of Erdr1 on regulating cytokine production from polarized macrophages potentially by regulating YAP1 in the nonclassical Hippo pathway.
Effectiveness of pineapple and papaya leaf combination for dysmenorrhea pain relief in mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Syam Heriza , Masitoh Siti , Safira Purwanto Ukhradiya Magharaniq , Muzakkiyah Hasnah , Fadhila Redhalfi , Mulyani Siska
Published: February 2024

Dysmenorrhea is a common gynecological condition in women, often attributed to excessive prostaglandin production, significantly impacting daily activities. Papaya leaves, known for their medicinal properties, are a chosen herbal remedy, albeit with a bitter taste, necessitating combination with pineapple fruit. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a combination of papaya leaf extract and pineapple fruit as an alternative treatment for primary dysmenorrhea. In an experimental research design employing the posttest-only control group, 32 male mice were divided into seven groups, injected with acetic acid as a pain inducer, and their writhing responses were recorded for 45 minutes at 15-minute intervals. Data analysis using the ANOVA test revealed significant differences in the number of writhing responses in mice (p <0.05) compared to the positive control group, followed by the Duncan test. The percentage of analgesic protection was as follows: mefenamic acid (61.01%), pineapple fruit extract (62.78%), papaya leaf extract (63.39%), a combination of pineapple and papaya leaf extracts with a dose ratio of 3:1 (73.21%), 2:2 (47.32%), and 1:3 (37.78%). In conclusion, the combination of pineapple extract and papaya leaves in a dose ratio of 3:1 demonstrated the most effective pain reduction.