bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
20 Years of Unique Aspen Meetings
Authors: Brandfonbrener Alice G
Published: February 2021

The 20th Annual Symposium on the Medical Problems of Musicians and Dancers took place in Aspen, Colorado, from June 20 to 23, 2002. When the first meeting was proposed back in 1982, it was without realizing that interest in musicians’ injuries was a rising national and international
phenomenon. No one would have predicted that these meetings would continue at all, let alone for 20 years. This was clearly an example of an idea for which the time was ripe, and had the meeting not occurred in Aspen, it would likely have happened elsewhere. But it did happen in Aspen and
it has been exciting to witness the growth and maturation of this meeting so far exceeding the original modest intent. However, from the onset these meetings have had special qualities that set them apart from other medical meetings and justify this attempt to describe them for MPPA’s
readers, many but not all of whom have themselves attended.
Predictors of Pain and Other Musculoskeletal Symptoms among Professional Instrumental Musicians: Elucidating Specific Effects
Authors: Davies Janet , Mangion Sandra
Published: February 2021

Professional instrumental musicians are known to be vulnerable to playing-related pain and other musculoskeletal symptoms. The present study was concerned with comprehensively investigating predictors of pain/symptoms in comparisons involving three outcome indices: frequency of pain/symptoms
over the playing lifetime, frequency of pain/symptoms during the previous 12 months, and pain/symptom severity. Predictors were clustered into three groups, demographic/physical (gender, number of years playing, instrument), workplace (ergonomic problems, warm-up/rest-break provision,
playing load, noise disturbance, playing-related stressors), and health-related (health status, exercise behavior, playing-related muscle tension, preventive behaviors, training in prevention, attitudes to playing-related pain). A fourth group comprised 12 interaction predictors. A
detailed questionnaire was completed by 240 permanently employed and freelance musicians working in Sydney’s classical and non-classical music industry. Statistical regression analysis was used to determine the significant predictors. Two factors highly significant for the three outcomes
were high levels of playing-related muscle tension and high levels of preventive behaviors. Playing-related stress was significant for pain/symptoms during the previous year and the playing lifetime, and high stress interacted in its effect with lack of warm-up and rest-break facilities in
the workplace for those musicians with severe pain/symptoms. Musicians who had been playing fewer years showed more pain/symptoms in the previous year and playing lifetime, but not significantly greater pain/symptom severity. String players were significantly more likely to have frequent and
severe pain/symptoms over the playing lifetime. For the previous year, female string players were more affected than male string players or female players of other instruments, while men were more affected than women unless the women were string players. Poor health in the previous year was
associated with more musculoskeletal pain/symptoms in that period.
Letter to the Editor
Authors: Winspur Ian
Published: February 2021

I enjoyed Alice Brandfonbrener’s editorial “But I Didn’t Ask to Be a Lawyer” in the June 2002 issue of MPPA [MPPA 2002;17(2):57]. I understand and sympathize with her. Many physicians who, like her, are involved in these cases for altruistic reasons rather than
pure commercial—-and I believe that this is more common in the world of performing arts medicine—-must find themselves in the same predicament. However, in the words of an eminent English lawyer, who qualified and practiced as a gynecologist before turning to the law, when considering
medical and scientific evidence (or in many cases, including performers, non-scientific evidence!): “However scientific the subject matter of the claim and however recondite the evidence and the argument, the legal definitions must apply in a Court of Law; the problem for the lawyer
is in making the scientist understand a totally different concept of proof required by the court.” Therefore physicians involved, whether altruistic or not, must understand the basis of these claims.
Struktur Modal Emiten Syariah di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Shabira Rafa , Firmansyah Egi Arvian
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of profitability, liquidity, and asset growth variables on the capital structure, both simultaneously and partially. This study applies a quantitative approach with the population of companies listed in Indonesia Sharia Stock Index (ISSI). The selected sample is 213 companies consistently listed on the ISSI for three years (2016-2018), so there are 639 observations in total. The multiple linear regression analysis was used to test the hypothesis with a significance level of 5% in Stata 15 program. The results showed that simultaneously, profitability, liquidity, and asset growth variables significantly affect the capital structure of the ISSI companies. Partially, each of profitability as well as asset growth does not affect the capital structure. Meanwhile, partially, only liquidity variable has a significant effect on the capital structure of ISSI companies.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh variabel profitabilitas, likuiditas, dan pertumbuhan aktiva terhadap struktur modal, baik secara simultan maupun secara parsial. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan populasi perusahaan yang terdaftar di Indeks Saham Syariah Indonesia (ISSI). Sampel yang dipilih adalah 213 emiten ISSI yang konsisten berada dalam periode pengamatan selama tiga tahun (2016-2018), sehingga total terdapat 639 observasi. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan tingkat signifikansi 5% dalam program Stata 15. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan, variabel profitabilitas, likuiditas, dan pertumbuhan aktiva berpengaruh signifikan terhadap struktur modal perusahaan yang terdaftar di ISSI. Namun, secara parsial, variabel profitabilitas dan pertumbuhan aktiva masing-masing tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap struktur modal perusahaan yang terdaftar di ISSI. Secara parsial, hanya variabel likuiditas yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap struktur modal perusahaan yang terdaftar di ISSI.
Nadir CA-125 Is Prognostic for Recurrence, but Not for Survival in Patients With Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Piatek Szymon , Panek Grzegorz , Lewandowski Zbigniew , Piatek Dominika , Kosinski Przemyslaw , Bidzinski Mariusz
Published: February 2021

Objective of this study was to evaluate nadir CA-125 in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. 168 patients, who achieved complete remission (no clinical and radiological signs, CA-125< 35 U/ml) after first line treatment were enrolled in the study. The relation between CA-125 and survival were examined using generalized additive models applied to the Cox proportional hazards model. The median CA-125 concentration after the treatment was 10 U/ml (2.7-35 U/ml). No correlation between CA-125 nadir and overall survival was found (p linear = 0.13; p nonlinear = 0.52). Patients with CA-125 serum concentrations of 11 - 25 U/ml and 26 - 35 U/ml had significantly higher risk of recurrence compared to patients with CA-125 concentration ≤ 10 U/ml with HR = 1.865 (P <0.0024) and HR = 2.17 (P <0.018), respectively. Nadir CA125 was not relevant for risk of recurrence in FIGO I and II (p=0.75 and p=0.99, respectively), neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p=0.49 and p=0.26 respectively) or bevacizumab (p=0.066 and p=0.26). Nadir CA-125 is not related to overall survival. Risk of ovarian cancer relapse increase with CA-125 nadir level. However in patients with early stage disease or those receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy or bevacizumab may not be associated with recurrence risk.
Meta Competency: Prerequisites of Msc Psychiatric Nursing Students Promoting. A Qualitative Study
Authors: sheikhbahaeddinzadeh Effat , ashktorab Tahereh , Ebadi Abbas
Published: February 2021

Background: Due to getting optimal psychiatric nursing care, competent psychiatric nurses is required. One approach for MSc psychiatric nursing students` optimal clinical competency is clinical education. Identifying the factors affecting on achieving maximum scientific and technical abilities, education would be more effective. This study aims to explore the meta competency required in MSc students in psychiatric nursing.Methods: This is a qualitative study with content analysis approach conducted on 21 participants in Iran. Sampling were done based on purposive sampling. Data were collected using individual semi structured and in-depth interviews. Collected data were analyzed using the conventional content analysis. The rigor of qualitative data were assessed using the 4 criteria proposed by Guba and Lincoln. Results: Four dimensions were revealed: (1)Thinking and clinical reasoning skills, (2)Dynamic learning, (3)Research and evidence based practice, (4)Human and organizational management. Each category had several distinct sub-categories.Conclusions: The results of this study showed that meta-competency for psychiatric nursing MSc students is multidimensional concept. The findings of the study can be used for educating MSc students in psychiatric nursing and evaluating meta competency. More studies on meta competency required psychiatric nursing students and designing an objective tool for assessing them meta competency in Iran are proposed.
A Natural Representation of Functions for Exact Learning
Authors: Irwin Benedict
Published: February 2021

We present a collection of mathematical tools and emphasise a fundamental representation of analytic functions. Connecting these concepts leads to a framework for `exact learning', where an unknown numeric distribution could in principle be assigned an exact mathematical description. This is a new
perspective on machine learning with potential applications in all domains of the mathematical sciences and the generalised representations presented here have not yet been widely considered in the context of machine learning and data analysis. The moments of a multivariate function or distribution are extracted using a Mellin transform and the generalised form of the coefficients is trained assuming a highly generalised Mellin-Barnes integral representation. The functions use many fewer parameters than contemporary
machine learning methods and any implementation that connects these concepts successfully will likely carry across to non-exact problems and provide approximate solutions. We compare the equations for the exact learning method with those for a neural network which leads to a new perspective on understanding what a neural network may be learning and how to interpret the parameters of those networks.
An Automated Jet Nebulizer with Dynamic Flow Regulation
Authors: Dampage Udaya , Ariyasinghe Malmindi , Pulleperuma Samanthi
Published: February 2021

PurposeThe present study is focused on designing an automated jet nebulizer that possesses the capability of dynamic flow regulation. In the case of existing equipment, a high fraction of the aerosol is lost to the atmosphere through the vent, during the exhalation phase of respiration. Specifically, 50% of the volume of aerosol generated, is wasted. Desired effects of nebulization may not achieve by neglecting this poor administration technique. There may be adverse effects like bronchospasm, and exposure to high drug concentrations.MethodsThe proposed nebulizer is composed of two modes as “Compressed Air” mode and “Oxygen Therapy” mode. The automated triggering from one mode to another will be dependent upon the percentage of oxygen saturation of the patient, monitored from the SpO2 sensor. The compressed airflow will be delivered to the patient according to his or her minute ventilation, derived with the aid of a temperature sensor-based algorithm.ResultsThe compressor circuitry controller ensures that the patient receives compressed air as per the flow rate decided by the system. At the end of the drug delivery, if the liquid level sensor detects the absence of medication within the nebulizer chamber, the nebulization process will be terminated.ConclusionsThe dynamic regulation of the motor speed with respect to the minute ventilation was accomplished successfully. A laminar flow was obtained from the outlet of the compressor towards the nebulizer tubing, and a turbulent flow was obtained within the chamber, as expected. No excessive turbulent flows or rotational flow patterns were detected. The result could certainly lead to the improvements of the existing nebulizers.
High Cytoplasmic and Membranous Versus Nuclear Talin-1 Expression Associated With Malignancy Potential and Poor Survival in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zanjani Leili Saeednejad , Vafaei Somayeh , Abolhasani Maryam , Fattahi Fahimeh , Madjd Zahra
Published: February 2021

Using bioinformatics analysis Talin-1 protein was indicated as a potential prognostic focal adhesion factor in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We, therefore, examined its protein expression levels and prognostic significant of Talin-1 with clinical follow-up in total of 269 tissue specimens from three important subtypes of RCC and 30 adjacent normal samples using tissue microarrays (TMAs). Then, we used combined analysis with B7-H3 to confirm that Talin-1 may be related to metastasis. The results showed that high membranous and cytoplasmic expression of Talin-1 was significantly associated with advanced nucleolar grade (P < 0.001, all), microvascular invasion (P = 0.007, P = 0.004, respectively), histological tumor necrosis (P = 0.020, P = 0.018), and invasion to Gerota’s fascia (P = 0.025, P = 0.050) in ccRCC. In addition, high membranous and cytoplasmic expression of Talin-1 was associated with significantly poorer disease-specific survival (P = 0.043, P = 0.024, respectively) and progression- free survival (P = 0.046, in cytoplasm). Moreover, increased cytoplasmic expression of Talin-1 High/B7-H3 High compared to the other phenotypes was associated with poor prognosis and progression of the disease in patients with distant metastasis. Collectively, these observations indicate that Talin-1 is an important molecule involved in the spread and progression of ccRCC when expressed particularly in cytoplasm and may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker in this subtype.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Severe Anaemia Post-Caesarean Section at a Tertiary Hospital in Southwestern Uganda
Authors: Sivahikyako Sylvie Atosa , Owaraganise Asiphas , Tibaijuka Leevan , Agaba David Collins , Kayondo Musa , Ngonzi Joseph , Mugisha Julius , Kanyesigye Hamson
Published: February 2021

Background: Severe anaemia post-caesarean section adversely affects the woman and the new-born. While prenatal anaemia is extensively studied, the literature on post-caesarean section anaemia is limited and characteristics of women more likely to develop severe anaemia after caesarean section are unknown. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with severe anaemia on day three post caesarean section.Methods: Women at day three post-caesarean section were consecutively enrolled in a cross-sectional study at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital. We measured their haemoglobin (Hb) concentration and defined severe anaemia as Hb<7.0 g/dL. We excluded women diagnosed with severe pre-caesarean section anaemia and those who got blood transfusion without pre-transfusion Hb record. We interviewed the women and collected data on sociodemographic, obstetric, and medical characteristics. The primary outcome was severe anaemia post-caesarean section. We used logistic regression analysis to determine independent factors associated with severe anaemia after caesarean section. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: From December 2019 to March 2020, 427 of 431 screened women were enrolled in the study. Their mean age was 26.05 (SD ± 5.84) years. Three hundred thirteen (73.3%) had attended at least four antenatal care visits. The prevalence of severe post-caesarean section anaemia was 6.79 per cent. Fetal macrosomia (aOR 7.9 95%CI: 2.18-28.85, p<0.01) and having mild or moderate anaemia pre-caesarean section (aOR:9.6, 95%CI: 3.91- 23.77, p<0.01) were the factors associated with severe anaemia post-caesarean section.Conclusion: Severe anaemia post-caesarean section commonly occurs and is associated with anaemia preoperatively and delivering a foetus with macrosomia. Preoperative haemoglobin optimization and intraoperative blood conserving measures are imperative among such women to prevent postoperative anaemia—as well as post-caesarean section haemoglobin estimation before discharge from the hospital to detect anaemia early and optimise remedies.
Regulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase in Vascularization of Endothelial Cells On Extracellular Matrix Secreted By Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sheet
Authors: Ren Lina , Li Jinda , Yang Dan , Zhang Xuan , Shen Yuan , Chen Rui , Ma Dongyang , Ren Liling
Published: February 2021

Background: We have previously developed a prevascularized platform by seeding endothelial cells on the mesenchymal stem cell sheet and the technology provides a promising vascularization potential for wide applications in tissue engineering. However, the mechanism behind the interactions between stem cell sheet-derived matrix and endothelial cells (ECs) are still unknown. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of MMPs in angiogenesis process in vitro.Methods: Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) were cultured continually to form a thin cell sheet, and then green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were seeded on the cell sheet to form a prevascularized system. Fibronectin, collagen I and MMPs immunofluorescence staining were used to observe their interaction changes. After that, HUVECs and hBMSCs were sorted by flow cytometry and RT-PCR was performed to quantify related gene expression of ECs and stem cells. In order to further explore the possible mechanism, the broad-spectrum MMPs inhibitor GM6001 was added into the medium to observe the effects of vascular network formation. Results: The immunofluorescence staining results showed that HUVECs secreted MMP-2 and membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MT1-MMP) in the early stage of angiogenesis. MMPs degraded and remodeled the ECM to create space for vascular formation. HUVECs also promoted hBMSCs to secrete tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2), which can stabilize blood vessels by avoiding excessive vascularization or vascular degradation in the later stage. Thus, HUVECs/hBMSCs co-culture group were beneficial for angiogenesis than the other two control groups. With the addition of the broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor GM6001, RT-PCR results showed that the formation of EC lumen was blocked, while the mean fluorescence density of fibronectin and collagen I were increased.Conclusions: our study suggests that the MMP-2, MT1-MMP and TIMP-2 can synergistically regulate the angiogenesis. In addition, HUVECs and hBMSCs interact with each other in the process of vascular formation, and jointly regulate and promote the construction of lumen. These results also indicate a promising potential using the hBMSCs sheet as a platform for broad applications in engineering vascularized tissues.
Single-Cell Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Intratumoral Heterogeneity in Human Chordomas
Authors: Duan Wanru , Zhang Boyan , Li Xinqiang , Jia Shanhang , Xin Zong , Jian Qiang , Jian Fengzeng , Chou Dean , Chen Zan
Published: February 2021

Background: Chordoma is a rare and aggressive bone tumor with high recurrence. The intra-tumoral heterogeneity of chordomas is poorly understood, limiting the development of effective therapeutic strategies. Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed to delineate the transcriptomic landscape of chordomas. Six tumor samples of pathologically classical chordomas were obtained, and 33,737 cells that passed quality control were included in the analysis. Results: The main cellular populations identified with specific markers were: chordomas cells (6392, 47.6%), fibroblasts (6945, 20.6%), mononuclear phagocytes (4734, 14.0%), and T/NK cells (3944, 11.7%). Downstream analysis was performed according to each cellular population. There were six subclusters of chordomas, which exhibited properties of an epithelial-like extracellular matrix, and stem cells with immunosuppression. Although few immune checkpoint was detected on cytotoxic immune cells such as T and NK cells, there was strong immunosuppression exerted by Tregs and M2 macrophages. In addition, the cellular interactions indicated an enhanced TGF-β signaling pathway as the main mechanism for tumor progression, invasion, and immunosuppression in chordomas. Conclusion: Our study contribute to the clarification of intra-tumoral heterogeneity, and may pave the way to identify potential therapeutic targets in chordomas.
Factors Associated with Prevalence of Malaria Infection among Children under 5 Years of Age in Mozambique: 2015 vs 2018
Authors: Salvador Crizolgo De Jesus , Arnaldo Paulo , Rafael Bernardete Xavier , Cassy Annette , Candrinho Baltazar , Sabonete Acácio , Enosse Sónia
Published: February 2021

Background: Malaria is still a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children under five years old in Mozambique. In this study we sought to determine the prevalence of malaria infection and its predictors among children six to 59 months old in Mozambique.Methods: Data from two national malaria indicators surveys in 2015 and 2018 were compared. In both surveys, blood samples were collected among children six to 59 months old to detect Plasmodium falciparum antigen by a rapid diagnostic test, and questionnaires were applied to collect socio-economic, demographic and vector control data from their households. Association of malaria rapid diagnostic test positivity with age, gender, residence, region, use of a vector control intervention, mother’s level of education and wealth index was assessed by logistic regression, using both univariate and multivariate analysis. A complex sampling logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with malaria infection with estimated adjusted odds ratio and respective 95% confidence intervals. Results: A total of 9,068 children were tested for malaria infection of which 4,640 were in 2015 and 4,428 in 2018. The prevalence of malaria infection was 40.2% and 38.9% in 2015 and 2018, respectively. From 2015 to 2018, insecticide-treated nets ownership increased from 72.3% to 90.2% (p<0.001) and insecticide-treated nets use increased from 45.5% to 72.4% in children under the age of 5 years (p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, malaria infection was associated with region (north and central regions) and rural area for both surveys. Living in households with a wealth quintile lower than the wealthiest was associated with an increased odds of malaria infection (p<0.001). Maternal level of education and absence of an insecticide-treated net in the household were associated with malaria infection in 2015 (p<0.001) but not in 2018. Malaria infection was associated with age older than 12 months in 2015 and with age 24-35 months and 48-59 months in2018. Conclusions: Although insecticide-treated nets ownership and use have increased between the two surveys, prevalence of malaria infection remained stagnant. The main predictors of malaria infection were region, place of residence and socioeconomic status, underscoring the importance of broader developmental and socioeconomic factors on malaria prevalence.
Analysis of tectonic fracturing in the Mibladen ore deposit (Upper Moulouya, Morocco) and its impact on the Pb-Ba mineralization emplacement
Authors: Yaagoub Driss , Hinaje Saïd , Fartati Mohamed El , Gharmane Youssef
Published: February 2021

The MVT-type Pb-Ba mineralizations of the Mibladen ore deposit are hosted by Jurassic carbonates as well as Infracenomanian conglomerates and sandstones. The mineral paragenesis is mainly composed of galena and barite with lesser chalcopyrite and pyrite, accompanied by supergene oxidation minerals. This ore deposit is the result of a major epigenetic mineral stage with economic orebodies occuring as replacement of pre-existent carbonate rocks, fillings of karst cavities, interstratal joints, collapse-breccias, fractures and faults. Structural and microtectonic analyses we carried out in this ore deposit, allowed us to highlight two main fracture networks controlling ore deposition within karst cavities and interstratal joints: i) NNW-SSE to NNE-SSW trending tension gashes and normal faults; ii) ENE-WSW to E-W trending reverse faults with strike-slip components and transtensive relay zones. All of these structures are developed under a regional compressional tectonic regime divided into extensional and transtensional episodes (σ1-σ2 and σ2-σ3 permutations) with sub-meridian σ1 axis and sub-equatorial σ3 axis. This compressive tectonic event caused the uplift of Mibladen area and favored the circulation of mineralizing fluids along the NW-SE and ENE-WSW major faults such as Amourou and Aouli Faults, during the Infracenomanian period (Upper Jurassic-Early Cretaceous).
Volcanic Unrest at Hakone Volcano after the 2015 phreatic eruption — Reactivation of a Ruptured Hydrothermal System?
Authors: Mannen Kazutaka , Abe Yuki , Daita Yasushi , Doke Ryosuke , Harada Masatake , Kikugawa George , Honma Naoki , Miyashita Yuji , Yukutake Yohei
Published: February 2021

Since the beginning of the 21st century, volcanic unrest has occurred every 2–5 years at Hakone volcano. After the 2015 eruption, unrest activity changed significantly in terms of seismicity and geochemistry. Like the pre- and co-eruptive unrest, each post-eruptive unrest episode was detected by deep inflation below the volcano (~ 10 km) and deep low frequency events, which can be interpreted as reflecting supply of magma or magmatic fluid from depth. The seismic activity during the post-eruptive unrest episodes also increased; however, seismic activity beneath the eruption center during the unrest episodes was significantly lower, especially in the shallow region (~2 km), while sporadic seismic swarms were observed beneath the caldera rim, ~3 km away from the center. This observation and a recent InSAR analysis imply that the hydrothermal system of the volcano could be composed of multiple sub-systems, each of which can host earthquake swarm and show independent volume change. The 2015 eruption established routes for steam from the hydrothermal sub-system beneath the eruption center (≥ 150 m deep) to the surface through the cap-rock, allowing emission of super-heated steam (~ 160 ºC). This steam showed an increase in magmatic/hydrothermal gas ratios (SO2/H2S and HCl/H2S) in the 2019 unrest episode; however, no magma supply was indicated by seismic and geodetic observations. Net SO2 emission during the post-eruptive unrest episodes, which remained within the usual range of the post-eruptive period, is also inconsistent with shallow intrusion. We consider that the post-eruptive unrest episodes were also triggered by newly derived magma or magmatic fluid from depth; however, the breached cap-rock was unable to allow subsequent pressurization and intensive seismic activity within the hydrothermal sub-system beneath the eruption center. The heat released from the newly derived magma or fluid dried the vapor-dominated portion of the hydrothermal system and inhibited scrubbing of SO2 and HCl to allow a higher magmatic/hydrothermal gas ratio. The 2015 eruption could have also breached the sealing zone near the brittle–plastic transition and the subsequent self-sealing process seems not to have completed based on the observations during the post-eruptive unrest episodes.
Electron generation in water induced by magnetic effect and its impact on dissolved oxygen concentration
Authors: Yap Augustine Chung Wei , Lee Hwang Sheng , Loo Joo Ling , Mohd Nuruol Syuhadaa
Published: February 2021

pH, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration are important parameters in water quality surveillance and treatment. The changes of these parameters are associated with electron density in water. Several techniques including electrolysis and catalysis which require redox reactions and electron exchange are employed to improve these parameters. In recent years, studies reported that magnetic effects can impart considerable changes on the pH, ORP and DO concentration of water. However, the correlation between electron density and magnetic effects on these parameters has yet to be disclosed despite the fact that increased electron density in water could improve water’s reductive properties, heat capacity and hydrogen bonding characteristics. In this study, the magnetic effects on pH, ORP and DO concentration were investigated using different magnets arrangements and water flow rates based on reversed electric motor principle. Results showed that the improvement of pH, ORP and DO concentration from 5.40–5.42 to 5.58–5.62 (+ 3.5%), 392 to 365 mV (-6.9%), and 7.30 to 7.71 mg L− 1 (+ 5.6%), respectively were achieved using combined variables of non-reversed polarity magnet arrangement (1000–1500 G magnetic strength) and water flow rate of 0.1–0.5 mL s− 1. Such decrement in ORP value also corresponded to 8.0 × 1013 number of electron generation in water. Furthermore, Raman analysis revealed that magnetic effect could strengthen the intermolecular hydrogen bonding of water molecules and favor formation of smaller water clusters. The findings of this study could contribute to potential applications in aquaculture, water quality control and treatment of cancer attributed to free radical induced-oxidative stress.
Genome Size and Karyotype Studies in Five Species of Lantana (Verbenaceae)
Authors: Parrish S. Brooks , Qian Renjuan , Deng Zhanao
Published: February 2021

Lantana species are an important component of the U.S. environmental horticulture industry. The most commonly produced and used species are L. camara and, on a smaller scale, L. montevidensis. Both were introduced to the United States from Central and/or South America. Lantana species native to the continental United States include L. canescens, L. depressa, L. involucrata, etc. and most of them have not been well exploited. This study was conducted to obtain information about somatic chromosome numbers, karyotypes, and genome size of these five species. Nuclear DNA content in these species ranged from 2.74 pg/2C (L. involucrata) to 6.29 pg/2C (L. depressa var. depressa). Four chromosome numbers were observed: 2n = 2x = 22 in L. camara ‘Lola’ and ‘Denholm White’, 2n = 4x = 44 in L. depressa var. depressa, 2n = 2x = 24 in L. canescens and L. involucrata, and 2n = 3x = 36 in L. montevidensis. Two basic chromosome numbers were observed: x = 11 in L. camara and L. depressa var. depressa, and x = 12 in L. canescens, L. involucrata, and L. montevidensis. Analysis of somatic metaphases resulted in formulas of 20m + 2sm for L. camara ‘Lola’ and ‘Denholm White’, 12m + 12sm for L. canescens, 44m for L. depressa var. depressa, 10m + 14sm for L. involucrata, and 32m + 4sm for L. montevidensis. Satellites were identified in all five species, but were associated with a different chromosome group in different species. L. depressa var. depressa had the longest total chromatin length (146.78 µm) with a range of 1.88 to 4.41 µm for individual chromosomes. The maximum arm ratio was observed in L. canescens, with a ratio of 2.5 in chromosome group 3. L. depressa var. depressa was the only species that had all of its centromeres located in the median region of the chromosome. The results show significant differences in nuclear DNA content, chromosome number, and karyotype among three native and two introduced lantana species and will help to identify, preserve, protect, and use native lantana species. The information will be helpful in assessing the ploidy levels in the genus by flow cytometry.
Breast Sarcomas: Rare but Challenging Entity for Diagnosis
Authors: Khemani Rashmi , Murthy Sudha S , K Naidu C , Fonseca Daphne , K Suseela , B Vishal Rao , Pasam Mohan Krishna , KVVN Raju , T Subramanyeshwar Rao , A Krishnam Raju
Published: February 2021

Background: Breast sarcomas are extremely rare, can be primary or secondary, pose a high risk of recurrence with an overall poor prognosis. Primary breast sarcomas constitute < 1% of all primary breast malignancies and less than 5% of all sarcomas. Sarcomas arising in phyllodes tumors account for < 6 % of all phyllodes tumors. The most common subtype of both primary and secondary sarcoma is angiosarcoma.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients diagnosed as sarcoma of breast (excluding malignant phyllodes and metaplastic carcinoma) during the period from January 2016 to July 2019. The demographic and clinical features were noted from the medical records. The details of gross specimens (grossed in strict accordance with CAP protocols) were noted. The haematoxylin and eosin-stained slides along with immunohistochemistry (IHC) (pan cytokeratin, calponin, vimentin, SMA, CD117, Ki 67, desmin, CD10, CK5/6, EMA, p63, CD34, CD56, myogenin, CD99, p16, S100, BCL2, CD31, caldesmon and CD68) were reviewed and categorized according to WHO (2019) criteria.

Result: The median age of patients was fifty years. There were fourteen breast sarcomas including one arising in phyllodes tumor during the study period. These included undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (4), liposarcoma (2), myxofibrosarcoma (2), angiosarcoma (2), one each of leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, fibrosarcoma and stromal sarcoma. Despite using a wide panel of IHC markers, 4/14 (28.57%) sarcomas were classified as undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma.

Conclusion: Primary breast sarcomas are rare tumors and pose diagnostic challenge. It is important to categorize these entities in view of the differing biologic behavior and molecular profiles. Morphology along with IHC is important for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.
Extra-adrenal Mesenteric Pigmented Paraganglioma: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Shah Pinal , Nishal Arpita , Patel Himanshu , Jayani Parmita , Gujrati Sheetal
Published: February 2021

Paragangliomas are rare neoplasms that arise from neural crest cells of the autonomous system. It has been estimated that 5% to 10% of paragangliomas occur in extra-adrenal sites, which can extend from the upper cervical region to the pelvis, parallel to the autonomic nervous system. This distribution corresponds to the embryologic development of the paraganglia from neural crest cells. Rarely, extra-adrenal paragangliomas can also occur outside this distribution. Herein, we present a case of a 70-year-old female with history of abdominal pain, in whom an abdominal mass was identified during ultrasonography. CT scan shows solid cystic mass arising from the right side of the pelvic cavity. Exploration laparotomy reveal well-circumscribed, encapsulated, ovoid and blackish mesenteric mass. After thorough microscopic and immunohistochemistry examination, the features were that of Pigmented Paraganglioma. This case report expands the morphologic spectrum of extra-adrenal paragangliomas and emphasizes the need to consider these tumors in the differential diagnosis of pigmented neoplasms.
Lean Management: Review of Lean Consciousness for the Clinical Laboratory
Authors: Prakash Praveen , Joshi Arpita , Jahan Aarzoo , Sharma Santosh Kumar , Yadav Shakti Kumar , Gupta Ruchika , Singh Harsh Vardhan , Sarin Namrata , Singh Sompal
Published: February 2021

Lean management is a work philosophy of continuous improvement to achieve a smooth work flow by minimizing all kinds of waste including time, cost and manpower. The concept of lean management started as early as 1980’s and was soon adopted by production industry. However, incorporation of this concept in healthcare has been very gradual and hesitant, though lean heath care has immense potential to improve operational performance.

A clinical laboratory, which is essential in practice of evidence-based medicine, can be efficiently managed using lean management concept. Only a few publications in English literature have studied the effect of implementation of lean management in a clinical laboratory. There are certain challenges that a health care manager is likely to face in the implementation of lean management in clinical laboratory especially in developing nations. The present review discusses the implementation of lean management in a clinical laboratory with identification of various steps which require lean thinking.
NEWSPAPERS OF THE KYIV GENERAL GOVERNORATE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY: LANGUAGE, CIRCULATION, PERIODICITY OF PUBLICATION
Authors: Tyshkevych Oleksandr
Published: February 2021

The article represents the Ukrainian-language newspapers of the Kyiv General Governorate of the early XX century and defines their role in the socio-political life of that time. It should be noted, that out of more than 100 publications, only 9 were in Ukrainian. Despite constant persecution by the tsarist administration, Ukrainian-language newspapers covered all aspects of Ukrainian life under the rule of the Russian Empire. Ukrainian-language newspapers monitored the development of society and the influenced on the formation of the national consciousness of ethnic Ukrainians.
The object of the research is aspects of the political life of Ukrainians on the pages of publications: "Hromadska Dumka", "Rada", "Borot'ba", "Slovo", "Selo", "Zasiv", "Mayak", "Svitova Zirnytsia." The mentioned newspapers were published in different periods, but are a valuable source for studying the history of Ukraine at the beginning of the XX century.
The purpose of the article is to study the political orientation, the language of publications, and the frequency of Ukrainian-language newspapers in the Kyiv General Governorate in the early XX century.
By summing up the role of newspapers of the Kyiv General Governorate at the beginning of the XX century, it should be noted, that out of more than 100 publications, published in the Volyn Governorate, Kyiv Governorate, Podil Governorate, only 8 were Ukrainian-language. Nevertheless, despite constant persecution by the tsarist administration, the newspapers reflected all aspects of Ukrainian life under the control of the Russian Empire. Newspaper publications reflected the life of the Ukrainian community while influencing the formation of the national identity of ethnic Ukrainians [1]. It seems that no issue of Ukrainian national life has escaped their pages. Even the slightest manifestation of the cultural or political life of Ukrainians under the government of the Russian Empire found a response in the pages of publications in "Hromadska Dumka", "Rada", "Borot'ba", "Slovo", "Selo", "Zasiv", "Mayak", "Svitova Zirnytsia." Although the mentioned newspapers were published in different periods, they are a valuable source for studying the history of Ukraine in the early XX century, testify to the growth of national and cultural revival of the Ukrainian people in Russian Ukraine.
The study can be applied to prepare students and graduates in the field of Historical Sciences and Culturology.
The newspapers of the Kyiv General Governorate (Volyn, Kyiv, and Podil Governorate) of the early XX century were researched and systematized by language, circulation, and frequency of publication for the first time.
The study can be the basis for further research of the Ukrainian periodicals for the period from 1800 to 1861 of the XIX century.
ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION IN TRANSDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH MANAGEMENT
Authors: Kushnir Оksana
Published: February 2021

This paper is devoted to studies of communication process peculiarities, role of “negotiators” in transdisciplinary studies and also interaction processes between science and practice on an example of an empirical case. Based on the conducted analysis, a hypothesis has been confirmed that effective realization of the transdisciplinary approach is grounded on effective communication, and factors, worth attention for successful realization of research aims in transdisciplinary projects have been determined: balance of power relations between participants of transdisciplinary studies, choice of mediators’ groups, change of initial instructions of scientists, cultural differences and their influence on general organization of processes, choice of communication types and forms. A necessity to construct a communicative strategy of a transdisciplinary project, forming a common field for effective interaction, has been determined; at that there must be taken into account group development stages, key topics of communication and its success indicators. It has been proved, that communication management is a necessary element of transdisciplinary studies organization and conduction. For improving communication quantity and quality, it is necessary for scientists and stakeholders to take equal responsibility and to participate in decision making.
IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF THE BALANCED SCORECARD THROUGH IMPLEMENTING ISO 31000 RISK ASSESSMENT AT SHOFA PHARMACY
Authors: Nugroho Riko Luke , Pangeran Perminas
Published: February 2021

This study aims to integrate the Balanced Scorecard and Risk Management at Shofa Pharmacy and its one branch. The risk assessment is based on the ISO 31000 framework model and the Balanced Scorecard is based on a financial perspective, a customer perspective, an internal business perspective and a learning and growth perspective. The results of risk identification show that the risks, faced by Shofa Pharmacy, are financial risk, operational risk, technology risk, business ethics risk, health and safety risk, economic risk, legal risk, political risk, market risk, and project risk. Based on the results of the analysis, the highest risk is a technology risk with the risk group in information technology protection, economic risk with the fall in a demand risk group, political risk with an inflation risk group and project risk with an evaluation risk group, then risk management is carried out to reduce the risk level.
PREDICTION OF PROGRESSION OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND CHRONIC PANCREATITIS
Authors: Pylov Daniel , Zhuravlyova Larysa , Smirnov Ivan , Radzishevskaya Evgenia
Published: February 2021

The aim of the research was to study the relationship between the level of vaspin and the thickness of the intima-media of the carotid artery (CIMT), parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, functional state of the pancreas, markers of inflammation, and to create a mathematical model for the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-2) and chronic pancreatitis (CP).
Materials and methods: Serum vaspin level in 114 people with DM-2 or CP and a combination of these diseases were obtained. The parameters of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, inflammation and functional status of pancreas were studied. CIMT was measured by means of B-mode ultrasonography. The obtained data were processed by the methods of non-parametric statistics to study the dependence of the parameters on the group, questions of the statistical significance of differences between two unrelated groups, the tightness of the relationship between the analyzed parameters.
Results: A statistically significant (p<0.05) increase in serum vaspin levels in patients with DM-2 compared with other studied groups was obtained. A reliable correlation between vaspin, carbohydrate metabolism and CIMT was obtained, and it appeared to be dependent on the presence of comorbid pathology. The value of vaspin / tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), starting from which CIMT increase is considered present, was calculated.
Conclusions: Undertaken study confirmed the positive connection of vaspin with insulin resistance markers, but also demonstrated that serum vaspin levels is positively associated with CIMT. A mathematical model for predicting the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with the studied pathology was developed. It was demonstrated that the Vaspin/TNF-α ratio can be used as a marker of early atherosclerotic lesion of vascular wall, indicating the role of vaspin in atherogenesis
INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF ANESTHESIA FOR LAPAROSCOPIC HYSTERECTOMY ON THE DYNAMICS OF STRESS HORMONES
Authors: Tkachenko Ruslan , Zaychenko Stanislav
Published: February 2021

The aim of the study – to evaluate the influence of different variants of anesthesia, including low-opioid (LOA) and opioid-free anesthesia (OFA), on the dynamics of the stress response during laparoscopic hysterectomy.
Materials and methods: 102 patients were randomly allocated into 3 groups: 37 women assigned to receive a standard opioid-based anesthesia (OBA group), 33 women – LOA group and 32 patients OFA group.
Results: The patients of OFA group after induction and intubation of the trachea showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in cortisol level by 155.4 % and 160.9 % compared with the OBA group and LOA group. After completion of the hysterectomy, regardless of the variant of anesthesia, the level of cortisol exceeded the preoperative one (pOBA=0.116, pLOA=0.049, pOFA=0.043). Two hours after surgery with standard anesthesia (OBA group) there was a further increase in the concentration of cortisol in the blood, exceeding the initial values by 142.9 % (p=0.043). Patients in the LOA group and OFA group tended to decrease cortisolemia. The changes in adrenaline & glucose levels were somewhat similar.
Conclusion: Use of OFA is accompanied by an aggravation of the stress response at the stage of hysterectomy, which is manifested by an increase in the level of adrenaline and cortisol. The most adequate perioperative protection is inherent in low-opioid anesthesia, which is accompanied by a lower release of stress hormones during hysterectomy and in the postoperative period. Opioid-based anesthesia provides adequate intraoperative protection, but is accompanied by insufficient postoperative analgesia.
ADVERSE EFFECT OF INSOMNIA ON BLOOD LIPIDS IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION
Authors: Isayeva Anna , Buriakovska Olena , Martynenko Oleksander , Ostropolets Sergiy
Published: February 2021

Insomnia is a risk factor for the development of arterial hypertension, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiac rhythm disorders, and myocardial infarction. At the same time, insomnia is one of the most frequent non-cardiac complaints in patients with cardiovascular diseases.
The aim of the work was to study the presence of possible relationships between insomnia and the level of blood lipids.
Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study involving 118 patients was conducted. Criteria for inclusion in the study were age over 45 years, the presence of essential hypertension. All patients included the study underwent sampling of 7 ml of venous blood in the morning under fasting conditions. The content of total cholesterol (TCS), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL CS) was determined by enzymatic method on a biochemical analyser Humalyzer 2000. The patient was interviewed by a pre-trained study doctor.
 Results. In the article a relationship between total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the presence of insomnia has been established and proved by statistical model. The overall statistical model accuracy is 89.6 % and statistical significance p < 0.005. Accuracy of insomnia prediction is 85.7 % by level of total cholesterol (TCS) and patient interview data. Only one model with best accuracy exists and it was estimated at the article.
Conclusions. Relationship between total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the presence of insomnia has been established and proved by statistical model. Accuracy of insomnia prediction is 85.7 % by level of total cholesterol (TCS) and patient interview data.