bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From Disorder to Order: Inheritance of Magnetic Remanence in Tetrataenite-Bearing Meteorites From Multi-Phase Micromagnetic Modeling
Authors: Devienne José Augusto , Berndt Thomas Andreas , Williams Wyn , Chen Shichu
Published: December 2023

Iron meteorites are believed to be fragments of mantle-stripped
planetary cores ejected during catastrophic collisions. They are,
therefore, a unique class of material, as they constitute the only
available samples from planetary cores. An increasing amount of evidence
suggests that the tetrataenite-bearing cloudy zones (CZ) in iron and
stony-iron meteorites can preserve magnetic records of ancient magnetic
activity of their parent bodies over solar system timescales.
Tetrataenite islands in the CZ are nanometer-sized ($<$ 200
nm) crystals that form through ordering from precursor taenite islands
upon extremely slow cooling through 320
\textsuperscript{o}C. Recent micromagnetic models have
shown that such precursor taenite islands form highly thermally stable
single-domain (SD) or single-vortex states (SV). In this work we employ
a 3D finite-element multi-phase micromagnetic modeling to show that
tetratenite inherits the magnetic remanence of taenite precursor when it
forms over underlying SD states. When taenite form SV states,
nevertheless, tetrataenite reset the precursor magnetization and record
a new remanence through chemical ordering at 320
\textsuperscript{o}C. We further assess the thermal
stability of tetrataenite islands. We show that in cases where
tetrataenite inherits the domain states of its precursor taenite, the
origin of the remanence is in fact
10\textsuperscript{5} years older than in cases where
tetrataenite resets the precursor SV magnetization, corresponding to
records of two very different stages of planetary formation.
GLAcier Feature Tracking testkit (GLAFT): a statistically and physically based framework built on top of open science workflows for evaluating glacier velocity maps
Authors: Zheng Whyjay , Bhushan Shashank , VRIES MAXIMILLIAN VAN WYK DE , Kochtitzky William , Shean David , Perez Fernando , Copland Luke , Dow Christine , Jones-Ivey Renette
Published: December 2023

Accurate assessments of glacier velocity are essential for understanding
ice flow mechanics, monitoring natural hazards, and projecting future
sea-level rise. However, the most commonly used method for deriving
glacier velocity maps, known as feature tracking, relies on empirical
parameter choices that rarely account for glacier physics or
uncertainty. The GLAcier Feature Tracking testkit (GLAFT) aims to assess
velocity maps using two statistically and physically based metrics.
Velocity maps with metrics falling within our recommended ranges contain
fewer erroneous measurements and more spatially correlated noise than
velocity maps with metrics that deviate from those ranges. Consequently,
these metric ranges are suitable for refining feature-tracking workflows
and evaluating the resulting velocity products. GLAFT provides modulized
workflows for calculating these metrics and the associated
visualization, facilitating the velocity map assessments. To ensure the
package is available, reusable, and redistributable to the maximum
extent, GLAFT adopts several open science practices including the
narrative documentation and demos using Jupyter Book and cloud access
using Ghub. By providing the benchmarking framework for evaluating the
quality of glacier velocity maps procedure, GLAFT enables the
cryospheric sciences and natural hazards communities to leverage the
rich glacier velocity data now available, whether they are sourced from
public archives or made through custom feature-tracking processes.
Neogene-Recent Reactivation of Pre-Existing Faults in South-Central Vietnam, with Implications for the Extrusion of Indochina
Authors: Richard Nicholas Philip , Burberry Caroline M , Hoang Nguyen , Anh Le Duc , Dinh Sang Q , Elkins Lynne J
Published: December 2023

Vietnam contains a complex series of faults coupled with a diffuse
igneous province that has been active since the mid-Miocene. However,
existing fault maps demonstrate little consensus over the location of
Neogene basalt flows and relative ages of mapped faults, which
complicates interpretations of tectonic model for the evolution of
Indochina. This paper identifies discrete tectonic blocks within Vietnam
and aims to define the Neogene-Recent tectonic setting and kinematics of
south-central Vietnam by analyzing the orientation, kinematics, and
relative ages of faults across each block. Fault ages and relative
timing are constrained using cross-cutting relationships with dated
basalt flows and between slickenside sets. Remote sensing results show
distinct fault trends within individual blocks that are locally related
to the orientations of the basement-involved block-bounding faults.
Faults observed in the field indicate an early phase of dip-slip motion
and a later phase of strike-slip motion, recording the rotation of
blocks within a stress field. Faulting after the change in motion of the
Red River Fault Zone is inferred, as faults cross-cut basalt flows as
young as ~0.6 Ma. Strike-slip motion on block-bounding
faults is consistent with rotation and continuous extrusion of each
block within south-central Vietnam. The rotation of the blocks is
attributed to the “continuum rubble” behavior of small crustal blocks
influenced by extrusion-driven asthenospheric flow after the collision
between India and Eurasia. We deduce a robust
lithospheric-asthenospheric coupling in the extrusion model, which holds
implications for other regions experiencing extrusion even in the
absence of a free surface.
Meridional transport of physical and biogeochemical tracers by Southern Ocean eddies
Authors: Patel Ramkrushnbhai S , Lenton Andrew Allan , Phillips Helen Elizabeth , Strutton Peter G. , Rohr Tyler Weaver , Llort Joan , Chamberlain Matthew A
Published: December 2023

Meridional eddy transport across the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is an
essential component of the global meridional overturning circulation and
the transport of climate relevant tracers. Challenges in comparing model
and observational estimates of the transport arise from varying
methodologies describing ‘eddy’ processes. We reconcile the approach
used in shipboard surveys of eddies, complemented by satellite eddy
tracking, with Reynolds decomposition applied to model outputs. This
allows us to estimate the fraction of total meridional tracer transport
attributed to coherent eddies in a global
0.1$^\circ$ ocean model. The model realistically
simulates observed eddy kinetic energy and three-dimensional
characteristics, particularly in representing an observed cyclonic eddy
near 150 \degrees E, a hotspot for poleward heat flux.
Annual meridional transports due to coherent eddies crossing the
Subantarctic Front are estimated by vertically and radially integrating
the tracer contents of all eddies. Notably, only cyclonic eddies moving
equatorward across the Subantarctic Front contribute to the coherent
eddy transport, with no anticyclonic eddies found to cross the front
poleward in this region. Applying Reynolds decomposition, our study
reveals predominantly poleward meridional transports due to all
transient processes in a standing meander, particularly between the
northern and southern branches of the Subantarctic Front. Coherent,
long-lived eddies tracked from satellite data contribute less than
20\% to transient poleward heat transport, and
equatorward nitrate transport in the model. Furthermore, we demonstrate
that the integrated surface elevation of mesoscale eddies serves as a
reliable proxy for inferring subsurface eddy content.
A Qualitative Definition of Reliable Water Supply for Public Water Systems
Authors: Hopkins Easton G. , Sowby Robert B.
Published: December 2023

“Reliable water supply” does not have a clear definition in the
Western United States, where water resources are limited and such a
definition would be especially useful. In Utah, the three water agencies
and 500 public water systems have no consistent method to define,
evaluate, and report it, potentially leading to an inability to meet
regulatory water demands. We propose a unified definition of reliable
water supply for Utah’s public water suppliers that can also be used
elsewhere. The qualitative definition we propose is necessary to precede
quantitative evaluations, set policy, and provide consistency to water
resources management. We derive our definition from a two-part
qualitative analysis: 1) an extensive review of existing definitions in
industry and academia and 2) semi-structured interviews with managers of
six diverse Utah water utilities. We propose that water supply be
defined by three overlapping components—hydrology, infrastructure, and
governance—and that reliability be defined by the capacity of the
limiting component.
Disentangling forced trends in the North Atlantic jet from natural variability using deep learning
Authors: Hermoso Alejandro , Schemm Sebastian
Published: December 2023

Regional weather variability and extremes over Europe are strongly
linked to variations in the North Atlantic jet stream, especially during
the winter season. Projections of the evolution of the North Atlantic
jet are essential for estimating the regional impacts of climate change.
Therefore, separating forced trends in the North Atlantic jet from its
natural variability is an extremely relevant task. Here, a deep learning
based method, the Latent Linear Adjustment Autoencoder (LLAE), is used
for this purpose on an ensemble of fully-coupled climate simulations.
The LLAE is based on an autoencoder and an additional linear component.
The model predicts the wind component affected by natural variability by
using detrended temperature and geopotential as inputs. The residual
between this prediction and the original wind field is interpreted as
the forced component of the jet. The method is first tested for the
geostrophic wind for which the forced trend can be obtained analytically
from the difference between geostrophic wind computed from detrended and
full geopotential. Despite the large variability of the original trends,
the LLAE is shown to be effective in extracting the forced component of
the trend for each individual ensemble member in both geostrophic and
full wind fields. The LLAE-derived forced trend shows an increase in the
upper-level zonal wind speed along a southwest-northeast oriented band
over the ocean and a jet extension towards Europe. These are common
characteristics over different periods and show some similarities to the
upper-level zonal wind speed trend obtained from the ERA5 reanalysis.
Basal melting and oceanic observations beneath Fimbulisen, East Antarctica
Authors: Lindbäck Katrin , Darelius Elin , Moholdt Geir , Vankova Irena , Hattermann Tore , Lauber Julius , Steur Laura de
Published: December 2023

Basal melting of ice shelves is fundamental to Antarctic Ice Sheet mass
loss, yet direct observations are sparse. We present the first melt
record (2017 to 2021) from a phase-sensitive radar at Fimbulisen, East
Antarctica, one of the fastest flowing ice shelves in Dronning Maud
Land. The observed long-term mean ablation below the central part of the
ice shelf was 1.0 ±0.4 m yr, marked by substantial
sub-weekly variability ranging from 0.3 to 3.8 m
yr. 36-h filtered fluctuations in basal melt
exhibit a close alignment with ocean velocity, revealing shear-driven
turbulent heat transfer as the predominant driver of melt variability at
sub-weekly to monthly timescale. Seasonally, basal melt rates are
highest in the austral summer, when ocean temperature is higher. Our
observed in-situ melt rates show threefold lower amplitudes and a
3-month delay in seasonality compared to satellite-derived melt rates,
however, the long-term multi-year mean is of similar magnitude (1.0 m
yr vs 0.8 m yr). Our detailed
ice–ocean observations provide essential validation data for remote
sensing and numerical models aiming to measure and project ice-shelf
response to ocean forcing. In-situ measurements and continued monitoring
are crucial for accurately assessing and modelling future basal melt
rates, as well as understanding the complex dynamics driving ice-shelf
stability and sea-level change.
Drive-Around Surveys for Detection and Quantification of Methane Leaks Estimating Emission Rates from Drive-Around Surveys
Authors: Nivitanont Jeffrey , Pozsonyi Kristen , Vaughn Tim , Barbaro Arthur , sr. Santos , Riddick Stuart , Murphy Shane , Zimmerle Daniel
Published: December 2023

Current MMRV solutions have the potential to quickly survey entire
oilfields or detect methane leaks down to the component level, but also
carry high price tags or, indirectly, high implementation costs. The
Stanford/EDF Mobile Monitoring Challenge (MMC) conducted in 2018 was the
first study to systematically evaluate methane mitigation technologies
for incorporation into LDAR programs at the operator level. Three
vehicle-based solutions tested in the MMC utilized a fence-line
screening pattern that encompassed a production site and equipment,
which we refer to as a “drive-around survey,” and showed promising
results of greater than or equal to 88% true positive source
identification rates for controlled releases in the 0-26 kg CH4/hr
range.

In this work, we evaluate a similar on-site drive-around survey as an
alternative methane leak detection method under the EPA’s recent update
to the Standards of Performance for New, Reconstructed, and Modified
Sources and Emissions: Oil and Natural Gas Sector (NSPS). We find that a
simple methane enhancement threshold binary classification system
performs well with true positive rates > 0.8, though the
precision of this classifier is inversely related to the magnitude of
the emission rates for each class. We also describe a heuristic approach
to estimating dispersion without source distance information.
Incorporating this information into a linear model of emission rates
regressed on survey data, we improve the model fit to R^2
> 0.9.
Strong-motion Broadband Displacements from Collocated Ocean-bottom Pressure Gauges and Seismometers
Authors: Mizutani Ayumu , Melgar Diego , Yomogida Kiyoshi
Published: December 2023

Dense and broad-coverage ocean-bottom observation networks enable us to
obtain near-fault displacement records associated with an offshore
earthquake. However, simple integration of ocean-bottom strong-motion
acceleration records leads to physically unrealistic displacement
records. Here we propose a new method using a Kalman filter to estimate
coseismic displacement waveforms using the collocated ocean-bottom
seismometers and pressure gauges. First, we evaluate our method using
synthetic records and then apply it to an offshore Mw 6.0 event that
generated a small tsunami. In both the synthetic and real cases, our
method successfully estimates reasonable displacement waveforms.
Additionally, we show that the computed waveforms improve the results of
the finite fault modeling process. In other words, the proposed method
will be useful for estimating the details of the rupture mechanism of
offshore earthquakes as a complement to onshore observations.
Deep Learning Saliency and Segmentation Methods for Robust Methane Plume Detection
Authors: Lee Jake , Bue Brian , Thorpe Andrew , Cusworth Daniel , Ayasse Alana , Duren Riley
Published: December 2023

Identification of global methane (CH) sources is
critical for the quantification and mitigation of this potent greenhouse
gas. In preparation for Carbon Mapper, a future spaceborne imaging
spectrometer mission, our work so far has focused on developing a robust
methane plume detection method with AVIRIS-NG Columnwise Matched Filter
(CMF) data. While we have previously demonstrated robust classification
of plume source presence in ~800m square tiles, a
deployed Science Data System (SDS) pipeline will require heat map or
mask products that highlight the location of methane plume sources in
entire flightlines and scenes.

We present two methods for implementing pixel-wise methane plume
detection. First, we convert our existing GoogLeNet Convolutional Neural
Network (CNN) classifier into a Fully Convolutional Network (FCN)
segmentation model with a novel implementation of shift-and-stitch, in
which the final fully connected layer is replaced by a one-by-one
convolutional layer. This allows us to produce a saliency map of methane
plumes in scenes of arbitrary sizes without re-training the existing
classification model. While heatmaps produced by this method lack
pixel-wise precision, they are sufficiently localized to direct
attention for further review.

Second, we propose a new hybrid segmentation model based on the popular
U-Net architecture. Notably, we backpropagate both segmentation and
classification losses during training, which significantly reduces the
number of false positive plume detections due to false enhancements and
artifacts. Additionally, we successfully use algorithm-generated
weakly-labeled segmentation masks, mitigating the need for expensive
human-generated segmentation annotations. We report and compare the
scene-level detection performance of these two methods on previously
curated datasets from “COVID” (2020 California), “CACH4” (2018
California), and “Permian” (2019 Texas) AVIRIS-NG Campaigns.
Impact-based Skill Evaluation of Seasonal Precipitation Forecasts
Authors: Nikraftar Zahir , Mbuvha Rendani , Sadegh Mojtaba , Landman Willem Adolf
Published: December 2023

Forecasting hydroclimatic extremes holds significant importance
considering the increasing trends in natural cascading climate-induced
hazards such as wildfires, floods, and droughts. This study evaluates
the performance of five Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) seasonal
forecast models (i.e., CMCC, DWD, ECCC, UK-Met, and Météo-France) in
predicting extreme precipitation events from 1993 to 2016 using 28
extreme precipitation indices reflecting timing and intensity of
precipitation in a seasonal timescale. We design indices using various
precipitation thresholds to reflect model skill in capturing the
distribution and intensity of precipitation over a season. We use
percentage bias, the Kendall Tau rank correlation, and ROC scores for
skill evaluation. We introduce an impact-based framework to evaluate
model skill in capturing extreme events over regions prone to natural
disasters such as floods and wildfires. The performance of models varies
across regions and seasons. The model skill is highlighted primarily in
the tropical and inter-tropical regions, while skill in extra-tropical
regions is markedly lower. Elevated precipitation thresholds correlate
with heightened model bias, revealing deficiencies in modelling severe
precipitation events. The impact-based framework analysis highlights the
superior predictive capabilities of the UK-Met and Météo-France models
for extreme event forecasting across many regions and seasons. In
contrast, other models exhibit strong performance in specific regions
and seasons. These results advance our understanding of an impact-based
framework in capturing a broad spectrum of extreme climatic events
through the strategic amalgamation of diverse models across different
regions and seasons, offering valuable insights for disaster management
and risk analysis.
ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ ÖĞRENME ORTAMI OLARAK SOSYAL MEDYAYA İLİŞKİN TUTUMLARININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: KODAN Hülya , TAŞYÜREK Zeynep
Published: December 2023

İnternet ve sosyal medya kullanımının oldukça yaygınlaştığı günümüzde eğitimden kültürel hayata, bireysel ilişkilere kadar pek çok alanda ve global düzeyde kitleleri derinden etkileyen bir değişimin meydana geldiğini söylemek mümkündür. Nitekim 20. yüzyılın sonlarına doğru iletişim teknolojilerinde meydana gelen büyük değişim, sosyal paylaşım ağlarının kullanımını da önemli ölçüde artırmıştır. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada öğretmen adaylarının sosyal medyaya ilişkin tutumlarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama araştırması kullanılmış ve örneklem grubunun belirlenmesinde ise maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak sosyal medya tutum ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda öğretmen adaylarının sosyal medyaya ilişkin tutumlarının orta düzeyde ve olumlu yönde olduğu ve cinsiyete göre farklılık göstermediği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca öğretmen adaylarının sosyal medyaya ilişkin tutumunun öğrenim görülen bölüme göre anlamlı bir farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. İlköğretim matematik öğretmenliği öğrencilerinin sosyal medyaya ilişkin tutumları ile Türkçe öğretmenliği, rehberlik ve psikolojik danışmanlık ve sosyal bilgiler öğretmenliği bölümleri arasında anlamlı bir fark olduğu görülmektedir.
The alternative to capitalism - democratic protagonism in the 21st century
Authors: Peovic Katarina
Published: December 2023

The paper explores the possibility of creating a positive vision of
post-capitalist society and economy, a blue-print for future society with
reminiscence to the existing valuable drafts such as Marx and Engels?s
Communist Manifesto. Also, it focuses on shortcomings of that blue-print
that became evident through the experiences of 20th-century real socialisms.
Following Canadian Marxist Michael Lebowitz, the paper elaborates on how the
vision of socialism for the 21st century should place central emphasis on
the importance of changing the social relations of production. The central
problem is located in the ?vanguard relations of production?, the central
power and hierarchical authority in the hand of the party vanguard. The
paper stresses the importance of the communist party as central to the
articulation of the interests of the proletarian class as a whole, a class
whose central interest is the overthrow of capitalism. However, the project
of overthrowing capitalism must include the recognition of the practical
comprehension of the importance of the democratic protagonism. Workers
cannot be subordinated as passive observers of the system change. A change
in social circumstances should simultaneously mean a change in the actors
themselves - the socialist protagonists.
Make A Match Model Assisted by Audio Visual Media on the Motivation and Civics Learning Outcomes
Authors: Mufidah  , Haryanto  , Syarifuddin
Published: December 2023

The students' motivation in learning Civics (PKn) is still low, and there are many students whose learning outcomes do not exceed the Minimum Mastery Criteria (KKM) set by the school. This research aims to analyze the Make a Match model assisted by audio-visual media in relation to the motivation and learning outcomes of fourth-grade elementary school students. The method used in this research is quasi-experimental with a non-equivalent control group design. The research sample consists of two classes, namely Class IV A and IV B, selected through simple random sampling. Data on learning motivation is collected through a questionnaire, while learning outcomes are measured through multiple-choice and essay tests. The analysis techniques involve both quantitative and qualitative analyses. The results of the research show a significant difference in motivation and learning outcomes between students who learn using the Make a Match model assisted by audio-visual media and those who learn through conventional teaching models. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Make a Match model assisted by audio-visual media has an impact on improving the motivation and learning outcomes of fourth-grade students at UPTD Elementary School in Civics. The implication of this research is that the Make a Match learning model assisted by audio-visual media can facilitate teachers in teaching and depict the learning process realistically, providing a more meaningful learning experience for students.
Performance Efficiency Measurement in Managing Elementary Schools by Using a Robust Data Envelopment Analysis
Authors: Rokhmaniyah  , Mahmudah Umi , Fatimah Siti
Published: December 2023

Efficiency is one of the determinants of the quality of education in schools. This study aimed to measure the performance of Indonesian provinces in managing elementary schools by using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). This research is evaluation-research using a quantitative approach. As many as 34 provinces in Indonesia were defined as DMUs by using six input variables, namely the number of schools, the number of teachers, the number of teachers certified more than the degree of bachelor, the number of students, the number of classes, and the number of libraries. Meanwhile, there were three output variables, namely the number of graduates, the number of schools that were A-accredited, and the average national exam. The robust data envelopment analysis (RDEA) applied the number of replications B=100, 500, and 1000. The results indicated that RDEA provided better accuracy and preciseness. Overall, all 34 provinces in Indonesia were found to have good performances in managing elementary schools where their efficiency scores were above 90% for both the traditional DEA and RDEA approaches. The implications of this research can be used as a study for stakeholders in making policies to improve the quality of education.
Fostering Creative Thinking Skills on High and Low Cognitive Levels Students with Project-based Inquiry Learning
Authors: Vonny  , Sigit Diana Vivanti , Supriyatin
Published: December 2023

Integrating the development of soft skills, such as creative thinking, into classroom learning is essential. This study aims to analyze whether students' creative thinking skills can be enhanced through project-based inquiry learning that is varied for high and low cognitive levels. This research used a quasi-experimental design of 2x2 factorial. The research was done at a private senior high school for over a month. Forty-six eleventh-grade students were involved in this study. The samples consist of 23 high- and 23 low-cognitive ability students, which were determined using a cognitive ability instrument. The creative thinking skill was assessed by comparing the N-gain of the pretest and posttest scores using a creative thinking instrument. The results revealed that the cognitive level affects creative thinking skills significantly, and there is an interaction effect between the variation of the PjBI model and the cognitive ability levels. This result implies that students with high-cognitive levels performed better on creative thinking skills when learning with independent PjBI, while low-cognitive students showed better creative thinking skills when learning with guided PjBI.
Effect of Botanicals on Fall Armyworm and Predators in Sorghum Ecosystem
Authors: Sunkara S. V. L. , Swathi M. , Madhumathi T. , Kumar P. Anil
Published: December 2023

The present field experiment was conducted at Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla during kharif (June-November), 2019 to know the impact of botanicals against fall armyworm, S. frugiperda and their natural enemies (coccinellids, spiders and predatory bugs) in the sorghum ecosystem. Among the botanicals, the highest population reduction of FAW egg masses and larval population was recorded in NSKE @ 5% (71.43 and 60.87%, respectively),  green chilli pod extract @ 5% (61.90 and 54.35%, respectively), neem leaf extract @ 5% (69.05 and 45.65%, respectively) and garlic bulb extract @ 5% (52.38 and 54.35%, respectively)  treated plots. The botanicals that are used in the experiment were found safe from natural enemies. The maximum population of natural enemies i.e., coccinellids, spiders and predatory bugs was recorded in pongamia leaf extract @ 5% (0.16, 0.22 and 0.10 plant-1, respectively) whereas, the least was observed in emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 11 g a.i. ha-1 (0.02, 0.02 and 0.01 plant-1 respectively)  treated plots. The emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 11 g a.i. ha-1 presented an adverse effect on natural enemies whereas no or few natural enemies were observed compared to botanical extracts. Therefore, it is recommended that spraying of botanicals has to be done four times at weekly intervals to keep FAW populations below economic injury level until crop maturity and these treatments were also found safe to natural enemies of FAW.
Comparative effectiveness-safety of conventional versus newer antiepileptics in epileptic patients in a tertiary care hospital, India
Authors: Thomas Meenu , Badyal Dinesh Kumar , Pandian Jeyaraj Durai
Published: December 2023

Background: As initial monotherapy, individuals with epilepsy are treated with both conventional and newer antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). The differences in their relative effectiveness and safety as a group, however, have not been thoroughly studied.

Objective: To evaluate and compare the effectiveness and safety of conventional and newer anti-epileptic drugs in epileptic patients.

Material and methods: A prospective comparative study was done in 126 epileptic patients. Patients divided into two groups Group A and B of 63 each received conventional and newer antiepileptic drugs respectively. Patients were allocated the AED based on type of epilepsy, patient characteristics and drug characteristics by the treating physician. Patients maintained a seizure diary which they filled weekly and this seizure diary was evaluated at 6 weeks and 12 weeks of follow up. Patients were assessed for adverse drug reactions (ADRs) at 0, 6 and 12 weeks of follow up and also for spontaneous reported ADRs at any time during the study.

Results: In both group A and group B, our study demonstrated that seizure freedom, seizure severity, and time before first seizure did not differ significantly (p>0.5). Except for cognitive dysfunction, impaired memory, and swollen gums, which were more frequent in the conventional anti-epileptics group, the ADR profiles of both group of medications were similar. Phenytoin was found to cause gum swelling and cognitive impairment. No subject experienced a serious adverse event.

Conclusion: Newer Antiepileptics as monotherapy are equally efficacious as conventional antiepileptics but may offer a better safety profile to epileptic patients.
Learning Obstacle in the Introduction to Number: A Critical Study Within Didactical Design Research Framework
Authors: Pauji Ikbal , Suryadi Didi , Setambah Mohd Afifi Bin Bahurudin , Hendriyanto Agus
Published: December 2023

This research unveils a profound exploration of learning obstacles experienced by elementary school students in understanding the concept of numbers, particularly in recognizing numbers zero to ten, including their notations. This study employs a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design. It sheds light on students' comprehension of the meaning of numbers and numerals, identifying five types of learning obstacles: ontogenic psychological obstacles, ontogenic conceptual obstacles, ontogenic instrumental obstacles, didactical obstacles, and epistemological obstacles. Acting as the primary instrument, the researcher undertakes the entire research process using diagnostic assessments and interview guidelines, from data collection to reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The findings illustrate variations in students' understanding of the meaning and notation of numbers, with the five learning obstacles manifesting in diverse contexts. This analysis is based on students' responses to diagnostic assessments and in-depth interviews. The insights gained underscore the necessity for didactic designs that accommodate concrete aspects, emotional engagement of students, and the evaluation of instructional materials to enhance the understanding of numerical concepts. The research implications include recommendations for developing effective didactic designs to address the identified learning obstacles.
Kombinirovannye metody lecheniya metastaticheskoj uveal'noj melanomy
Authors: Коломиец К. В. , Пономарева Э. С. , Посыпина Я. Р. , Михайлов И. И. , Манджиев Ч. Б. , Поветкина Е. В. , Тугуз Р. Р. , Булгаков С. М. , Репунова В. И.
Published: December 2023

Uveal'naya melanoma (UM) — redkaya pervichnaya zlokachestvennaya opuhol', formiruyushchayasya iz melanocitov uveal'nogo trakta (horioidei (90%), ciliarnogo tela (6%), raduzhnoj obolochki (4%)) glaznogo yabloka. Po sovokupnym dannym, uroven' zabolevaemosti sostavlyaet 5,2 sluchaya na 1 mln naseleniya. V Rossii etot pokazatel' v raznyh regionah var'iruet ot 6,23 do 8 sluchaev na 1 mln vzroslogo naseleniya. Naibolee chasto (89–93%) UM metastaziruet v pechen'. Predstavlen klinicheskij sluchaj ispol'zovaniya metodiki transarterial'noj himiembolizacii (karoplatin) v kombinacii s immunoterapiej (nivolumab + ipilimumab) u pacienta s metastaticheskim porazheniem pecheni uveal'noj melanomoj. Byl dostignut kontrol' zabolevaniya na protyazhenii 12 mesyacev, chto, v svoyu ochered', demonstriruet vozmozhnost' i effektivnost' mul'tidisciplinarnogo podhoda.
Исследование вопросов патентно-информационного обеспечения развития изобретательства в сфере зеленых технологий
Authors: Журавлев Андрей , Дарина Ольга , Негуляев Геннадий , Федяева Инна , Войцеховская Зоя , Тюрина Ольга , Шпикалов Андрей , Хинский Сергей , Саратовский Федор , Масленников Александр , Копылова Лариса
Published: December 2023

В работе представлен аналитический обзор, касающийся вопросов содействия патентованию и продвижению изобретений в сфере зеленых технологий с учетом практики ВОИС и ведущих зарубежных патентных ведомств. А также, представлены российские и зарубежные электронные информационные ресурсы, содержащие информацию в сфере зеленых технологий. Проанализированы возможности использования таких баз данных для российских разработчиков экологических технологий и экологичной продукции.
DINAMIKA TIM KERJA DALAM ORGANISASI PENDIDIKAN: FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KOLABORASI DAN KINERJA
Authors: Cahyono Heri , Patimah Siti , Subandi Subandi , Makbulloh Deden
Published: December 2023

Dalam konteks organisasi pendidikan, dinamika tim kerja memainkan peran penting dalam meningkatkan kolaborasi dan kinerja. Beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi dinamika tim kerja antara lain gaya kepemimpinan, pelatihan kerjasama tim, pengembangan kurikulum, manajemen strategik, gratitude, perilaku kewargaan organisasi, dan strategi pengembangan organisasi. Gaya kepemimpinan, pelatihan tim, pengembangan kurikulum, manajemen strategik, gratitude, perilaku kewargaan organisasi, dan strategi pengembangan organisasi merupakan faktor penting dalam memahami dan meningkatkan dinamika tim kerja dalam organisasi pendidikan. Penelitian studi literatur yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini melibatkan identifikasi, seleksi, dan analisis sumber-sumber literatur yang relevan dengan tujuan untuk mendalaminya. Studi ini mengintegrasikan berbagai faktor untuk memberikan pemahaman yang mendalam tentang bagaimana mereka saling berhubungan dan berkontribusi terhadap kolaborasi dan kinerja tim dalam mencapai tujuan organisasi pendidikan. Dengan pemilihan gaya kepemimpinan yang tepat, pengembangan kurikulum yang efektif, dan pengelolaan strategik yang bijak, organisasi pendidikan dapat meningkatkan kualitas kerja tim, memotivasi individu, dan mencapai tujuan pendidikan yang diinginkan.
Lake Maloe Yanisyarvi (Southern Karelia) hydrobiocenoses under commercial trout cultivation conditions
Authors: Savosin Evgeniy Sergeevich , Kuchko Yaroslav Aleksandrovich , Savosin Denis Sergeevich , Ilmast Nikolai Viktorovich , Milyanchuk Nikolay Petrovich
Published: December 2023

Based on our own and literature data, the state of the ecosystem of Lake Maloe Yanisjarvi (South Karelia) in the conditions of industrial trout farming (since 2020) has been analyzed. The reservoir belongs to the mineralized (24.4-31.6 mg/l), calcium sulfate class. The chemical composition of the waters is not subject to significant fluctuations throughout the year. Among the forms of mineral nitrogen, nitrate and ammonium predominate (the maximum concentration noted is 0.12 mg/l). The total phosphorus content does not exceed 0.012 mg/l, mineral – 0.01 mg/l. Fluctuations in the concentration of dissolved oxygen are in the range of 7.0-9.1 mg/l. High flow rate (indicator of conditional water exchange 3.5 year-1) is the main stabilizing factor contributing to the preservation of the hydrochemical regime of the reservoir. In general, the water masses of Lake Maloe Yanisjarvi in their chemical composition meet the requirements for the aquatic environment in the cage cultivation of salmon. The data on the main hydrological and hydrobiological indicators of the lake are presented. According to the level of quantitative development of zooplankton in the summer-autumn period, the lake corresponds to the oligotrophic type with a biomass of up to 1 g/m3, benthos – to the α-mesotrophic type (2.8 g/m2). The reservoir belongs to the highest fishery category, according to literature data, valuable fish species (salmon, trout, whitefish and grouse) are noted as part of the ichthyofauna. Recommendations on the timing of the ecological expertise of the lake are given.
Biotechnical indicators of red-clawed crayfish commercial cultivation in pond aquaculture in the conditions of the South of Russia
Authors: Pyatikopova Olga Victorovna , Bedritskaya Irina Nikolaevna , Tangatarova Ralina Rasimovna , Ankesheva Bibigul Mahabbatovna
Published: December 2023

Work was carried out on commercial cultivation of the australian red-clawed crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus in the pond aquaculture of the Astrakhan region in the summer-autumn period of 2021 and 2022. During the exper-iment, young crayfish were studied, formed in 5 groups in accordance with the initial average weight of 0.17, 0.18, 1.8, 5.1 and 7.8 g and cultivated in ponds with an area of 0.1 hectares each. The duration of cultivation was 62-99 days, depending on the groups under consideration. During the work, the main size and mass characteristics of cancers in each group were determined, linear growth, weight gain, bio-mass, survival, overall cancer productivity, and the yield of marketable products were calculated. Also, the hydrochemical parameters of the environment and the feed base of the ponds were monitored, the values of which characterized the condition of the ponds as satisfactory for the cultivation of crayfish. The average daily water temperature during the work period was in the range of 24.0-25.0 ºC on average. It is determined that the optimal period of cultivation of ARCC under natural temperatures should be at least 3 months. The average weight of young crayfish planted in ponds for cultivation can be 0.2-8.0 g, depending on the tasks set: obtaining a larger number of crayfish within an average weight of 40 g, obtaining a smaller number, but larger individuals (60-80 g). It is most effective to plant juveniles of an average weight of at least 2 g in ponds. Cultivation of early ARCC juveniles in ponds in the South of Russia to produce commercial cancers is less effective, but it is possible due to the highest yield of commercial products per hectare of area among the groups of cancers under consideration. The hydrochemical regime of reservoirs must meet the biological requirements of the species. The condition of ponds, and in particular, the rapid development of aquatic vegetation in the water column during cultivation can significantly reduce the natural cancer productivity of reservoirs.
Methodological foundations of educational organizations site quality assessment (for example Vladivostok State University)
Authors: Stepuleva Liudmila Fedorovna , Makarova Dana Maksimovna
Published: December 2023

Currently, higher education institutions are focused on promoting their image on the Internet in order to occupy a certain niche there for presenting information about themselves. Thanks to the possibilities of the information Internet environment, universities contribute to improving the quality of the educational process. An important aspect in the formation of competitive advantages over other educational institutions is the quality of educational web resources. The distribution of scientific and educational streams is regulated by regulatory requirements that have a huge impact on the formation of the quality of websites of higher educational institutions. The important role of the monitoring process of assessing the quality of educational institutions' websites for the formation of recommendations based on the evaluation results according to the proposed methodology is revealed. The methodology is based on the theory of stakeholders, where groups of interested persons are considered by the fact of the existence of the studied object, indirectly or directly influencing it. A nomenclature of quality indicators has been developed based on the allocation of important criteria for each group, in this work these are students, parents, applicants and employees. The identification of indicators and values of their satisfaction serves as a foundation for the subsequent assessment of the quality of university websites according to the proposed methodology. The methodology includes several stages that accurately track all indicators during its use. The verification of the quality assessment algorithm was carried out on the example of the website of the Vladivostok State University. The data obtained are systematized and calculated according to the proposed formula, taking into account all interested groups. The results are of practical interest for a systematic assessment of the quality of educational institutions' websites and can be offered for use.
Theoretical, legislative and practical aspects of release from probation
Authors: Levchenko Yu.O.
Published: December 2023

The article partially considers the issue of release from serving a sentence with probation, as a humanization of legislation and the state, determination of the probationary period for release from serving a sentence with probation under Art. 75.79 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, the points of view of some scientists regarding the concept of the examination period and factors that affect the objectivity of the appointment of the examination period are analyzed.

The essence of exemption from serving a sentence with probation is determined, the importance of the duties imposed on convicts and the expediency of additional punishments, the state of theoretical research on the issue of probation as a criminal-legal institution, the presence of problems and gaps in the legislation when applying this form of criminal-legal influence.

An actual and promising direction of further research on this issue has been developed, which will be important for the theory of criminal, criminal law and criminology, and will also improve the effectiveness of the practical application of the specified norms of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The institute is widely used in practice, it has a place of effectiveness, because it is possible to achieve the goals set by the punishment, without actually serving it and with minimal consequences for both the state and the convicted person. At the same time, there are also negative consequences for the convict in the form of actually serving the prescribed measure of punishment, if the latter did not fulfill the duties assigned to him, committed criminal offenses during the probationary period, as well as other illegal actions, which indicate his unwillingness to stand on way to fix it. In general, this issue is a relevant and promising direction of research, which is important both for the theory of criminal and criminal enforcement law, criminology, and for the practice of application.
Problems of the organization of forensic expert activity in Ukraine and ways to solve them
Authors: Loza T.V.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the study of problematic aspects of the organization of forensic expert activity in Ukraine, to the determination of ways to solve them. In the course of the conducted analysis, the following directions were established in which the shortcomings of the organization of forensic expert activity in Ukraine are recorded: financing; methodological support; human resources and legal regulation of forensic expert activity. Updating the organization of judicial expert activity is an urgent necessity, caused by structural changes caused, in turn, by the large-scale judicial reform. It was concluded that it is important to establish a unified methodical approach to conducting forensic examinations, which will be a guarantee of reliable and effective functioning of this integral element of criminal, administrative, civil, etc. forms of justice. It is proposed to improve the system of state management of forensic expert activity by creating a state body responsible for the formation of state policy in the field of forensic expert activity. It was noted that the powers of this body should not be of a recommendatory nature, but of a mandatory nature. It is proposed to change the approach to the financing of forensic expert activity in Ukraine: to optimize the personnel of subjects of forensic expert activity, which will allow to increase the remuneration of state experts; to determine the economically justified normative cost of one expert hour; allow non-state expert institutions to conduct forensic examinations in criminal proceedings on behalf of the investigator, inquirer, prosecutor, court and in cases of administrative offenses. The necessity of: reforming the legislation, in the direction of adoption of the updated basic law, which will determine the legal, organizational and financial basis of forensic expert activity in Ukraine, is emphasized; modernization and improvement of the material and technical base of state specialized institutions; by developing and implementing a general educational approach to expand and unify the professional competencies of forensic experts.
Some features of the participation of operational units of the National Police of Ukraine in the organization and conduct of covert (investigative) search operations during martial law
Authors: Perviy V.Y. , Gunko K.O.
Published: December 2023

One of the most effective methods of obtaining evidence during the investigation of a criminal offense is the use of covert investigative (search) actions. Operational units play a significant role in the detection of such crimes, actively participating in criminal proceedings to obtain evidence by conducting appropriate undercover investigative (search) actions. However, the results of the analysis of judicial practice show that in modern conditions, a number of problematic aspects arise during the conduct of undercover investigative (search) actions. These issues have a negative impact on the effectiveness of providing evidence in criminal proceedings. In the places of active hostilities, the preparation and conduct of emergency response, as well as their subsequent fixation, has its own specifics and features. Changing conditions require rapid adaptation to new technologies and work methods, including the use of modern means of observation, analysis and communication. In this article, we considered the specifics of conducting covert investigative (research) actions during the investigation of criminal offenses under martial law. The opinions of scientists regarding the categories that determine the specifics of using and carrying out such actions in these conditions were studied, as well as the analysis of legislative acts regulating the powers of operational units was carried out. In particular, Article 5 of the Law of Ukraine "On operational and investigative activity” defines the subjects of this activity, which include operational units of the National Police. The need for proper planning and conducting covert investigative (research) actions by operative units for the successful disclosure of criminal offenses is argued. The specifics of carrying out individual NS(R)D in these conditions are highlighted and corresponding author's conclusions are made.