bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Albert H. Friedlander
Authors: Levine Amy-Jill
Published: September 2020

The work of Rabbi Albert Friedlander is less known in US contexts than it should be, especially since it still has much to contribute to both Jewish communal relationships and dialogue between Jews and Christians. From the perspective of an American academic, this article focuses on his chaplaincy work in the context of competing forms of Jewish orthodoxy and orthopraxy; the impact of the Shoah on his understanding of and response to US racism; his approach to Jewish–Christian relations by celebrating accomplishment rather than bewailing what is left to be done; and his concern for reconciliatory rather than agonist learning in which one seeks insights even in work with which one disagrees.
The economic value of an on-call neurosurgical resident physician
Authors: Gordon William E. , Mangham William M. , Michael L. Madison , Klimo Paul
Published: September 2020

OBJECTIVE

The cost of training neurosurgical residents is especially high considering the duration of training and the technical nature of the specialty. Despite these costs, on-call residents are a source of significant economic value, through both indirectly and directly supervised activities. The authors sought to identify the economic value of on-call services provided by neurosurgical residents.

METHODS

A personal call log kept by a single junior neurosurgical resident over a 2-year period was used to obtain the total number of consultations, admissions, and procedures. Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes were used to estimate the resident’s on-call economic value.

RESULTS

A single on-call neurosurgical resident at the authors’ institution produced 8172 work relative value units (wRVUs) over the study period from indirectly and directly supervised activities. Indirectly supervised procedures produced 7052 wRVUs, and directly supervised activities using the CPT modifier 80 yielded an additional 1120 wRVUs. Using the assistant surgeon billing rate for directly supervised activities and the Medical Group Management Association nationwide median neurosurgery reimbursement rate, the on-call activities of a single resident generated a theoretical billing value of $689,514 over the 2-year period, or $344,757 annually. As a program, the on-call residents collectively produced 39,550 wRVUs over the study period, or 19,775 wRVUs annually, which equates to potential reimbursements of $1,668,386 annually.

CONCLUSIONS

Neurosurgery residents at the authors’ institution theoretically produce enough economic value exclusively from on-call activities to far exceed the cost of their education. This information could be used to more precisely estimate the true overall cost of neurosurgical training and determine future graduate medical education funding.
Camouflage Fabric – Fabric for Today’s Competitive Era
Authors: Regar Madan Lal , Amjad Akhtarul Islam , Singhal Atiki
Published: September 2020

Innovation is the foremost requirement of today’s competitive era. Innovation refers to improving on an existing concept or idea using a stepwise process to create a commercially viable product. Food, clothing, and shelter are the basic needs of a human being. Clothing is made from textiles; with the help of textiles, the shelters are made more comfortable and attractive. Traditionally, fabrics are used for apparel and home furnishing purpose, but these days, application is diversifying in order to satisfy technical and protective functions. Camouflage fabrics are the ones most suitable for technical and protective purposes. Over the past few years, researchers have put emphasis on the development of camouflage fabrics for security measures for troops, and for activities intended to hide facts and mislead the enemy. Years of investigations have been invested into innovation in the manufacture of these fabrics which are providing the ultimate performance and reliability. In this review paper, an attempt is made to comprise principle, manufacturing techniques, properties and application. This paper also highlights the modern development and recent trends in the field of camouflage fabric. Camouflage and multispectral universal camouflage are the main areas of recent trends on camouflage fabrics. Camouflage fabrics are mostly used for hunting, survival prepper, tactical and military protective wears.
Clothing and Textile Sustainability
Authors: Patwary Sarif
Published: September 2020

The global clothing and textile industry is facing immense criticism due to its enormous environmental pollution. While demonstrating a slow adoption, brands, retailers, and manufacturers are recognizing the unsustainable nature of the industry. Consumers, too, are also becoming more aware of the environmental issues of the industry. Policymakers are coming up with relevant regulations to set the industry into a sustainable direction. However, the plethora of information, ideas, suggestions, and strategies make it difficult to get a holistic idea of the environmental sustainability challenges that the industry is facing and the necessary actions it should take. This paper reviews the current state of environmental challenges, and the required actions articulated in the literature as related to the clothing and textile industry. Based on this review, suggestions are made for the key stakeholders of the clothing supply chain, and the profile of an environmentally sustainable clothing item is examined. The review revisits the complexity of the clothing supply chain and stresses the urgency of expediting actions.
Asymptotic expansion of the transition density of the semigroup associated to a SDE driven by Lévy noise
Authors: Smii Boubaker
Published: September 2020

In this work we consider a finite dimensional stochastic differential equation(SDE) driven by a Lévy noise [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]. The transition probability density [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] of the semigroup associated to the solution [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] of the SDE is given by a power series expansion. The series expansion of [Formula: see text] can be re-expressed in terms of Feynman graphs and rules. We will also prove that [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] has an asymptotic expansion in power of a parameter [Formula: see text], and it can be given by a convergent integral.

A remark on some applications will be given in this work.
Cardiorespiratory Fitness Associates with Cerebral Vessel Pulsatility in a Cohort Enriched with Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Maxa Kaitlin M. , Hoffman Carson , Rivera-Rivera Leonardo A. , Motovylyak Alice , Turski Patrick A. , Mitchell Carol K. C. , Ma Yue , Berman Sara E. , Gallagher Catherine L. , Bendlin Barbara B. , Asthana Sanjay , Sager Mark A. , Hermann Bruce P. , Johnson Sterling C. , Cook Dane B. , Wieben Oliver , Okonkwo Ozioma C.
Published: September 2020

Background: There is increasing evidence that vascular disease risk factors contribute to evolution of the dementia syndrome of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). One important measure of cerebrovascular health is pulsatility index (PI) which is thought to represent distal vascular resistance, and has previously been reported to be elevated in AD clinical syndrome. Physical inactivity has emerged as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Objective: This study aims to examine the relationship between a measure of habitual physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and PI in the large cerebral vessels. Methods: Ninety-two cognitively-healthy adults (age = 65.34±5.95, 72% female) enrolled in the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer’s Prevention participated in this study. Participants underwent 4D flow brain MRI to measure PI in the internal carotid artery (ICA), basilar artery, middle cerebral artery (MCA), and superior sagittal sinus. Participants also completed a self-report physical activity questionnaire. CRF was calculated using a previously-validated equation that incorporates sex, age, body-mass index, resting heart rate, and self-reported physical activity. A series of linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, APOE4 status, and 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk were used to analyze the relationship between CRF and PI. Results: Inverse associations were found between CRF and mean PI in the inferior ICA (p = .001), superior ICA (p = .035), and basilar artery (p = .040). No other cerebral vessels revealed significant associations between CRF and PI (p≥.228). Conclusions: Higher CRF was associated with lower PI in several large cerebral vessels. Since increased pulsatility has been associated with poor brain health and reported in persons with AD, this suggests that aerobic fitness might provide protection against cerebrovascular changes related to the progression of AD clinical syndrome.
Political will, political behavior and career success: The role of political climate and supervisor political support
Authors: Rasyid Fauzan Ali , Marta M. Sandi
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: Competition for positions in higher education institutions cannot be separated from the political approach taken by individuals. Political behavior as a factor in achieving individual career goals in higher education institutions was studied. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the antecedents of political behavior and their effect among leaders in State Islamic Universities in West Java, revealing the interaction between organizational political climate and supervisory political support. METHODS: A systematic sampling method was used, with a sample size of 427 leaders of State Islamic Universities. Data were analyzed by using Hierarchical Regression Analysis (HRA) to test the hypotheses using STATA 13 software. RESULTS: Results indicated perception of political will was significantly and positively related to political behavior. Organizational political climate also had a significantly moderating effect on the correlation between political will and behavior. Political behavior effect on career success was largely positive, and the relationship between the perception of political behavior and career success was moderated by supervisory political support. CONCLUSIONS: Government support for employee careers could take the form of the promotion of political behavior, strengthened by supervisory political support. Fostering political behavior among employees, by utilizing organizational political climate as an environmental factor would increase both individual and organizational success.
A program for analyzing two move chess problems
Authors: Müller Dieter
Published: September 2020

This contribution reports about an almost forgotten attempt to find themes in chess composition automatically by machine. Based on investigations of the late International Master of Chess Composition Dieter Müller in the 1970s, the writers describe some of his results. They hope to fill a gap in the great history of chess programming.
A novel analytical calculation of magnetic field in the slotted air gap of spoke-type permanent-magnet machines using conformal mapping
Authors: Li Jianqi , Zhou Yu , Li Jianying
Published: September 2020

This paper presented a novel analytical method for calculating magnetic field in the slotted air gap of spoke-type permanent-magnet machines using conformal mapping. Firstly, flux density without slots and complex relative air-gap permeance of slotted air gap are derived from conformal transformation separately. Secondly, they are combined in order to obtain normalized flux density taking account into the slots effect. The finite element (FE) results confirmed the validity of the analytical method for predicting magnetic field and back electromotive force (BEMF) in the slotted air gap of spoke-type permanent-magnet machines. In comparison with FE result, the analytical solution yields higher peak value of cogging torque.
Optimal design of a high homogeneous and small-size shim coil for atomic spin gyroscope based on 0-1 linear programming
Authors: Deng Dongge , Zhu Mingzhi , Shu Qiang , Wang Baoxu , Yang Fei
Published: September 2020

It is necessary to develop a high homogeneous, low power consumption, high frequency and small-size shim coil for high precision and low-cost atomic spin gyroscope (ASG). To provide the shim coil, a multi-objective optimization design method is proposed. All structural parameters including the wire diameter are optimized. In addition to the homogeneity, the size of optimized coil, especially the axial position and winding number, is restricted to develop the small-size shim coil with low power consumption. The 0-1 linear programming is adopted in the optimal model to conveniently describe winding distributions. The branch and bound algorithm is used to solve this model. Theoretical optimization results show that the homogeneity of the optimized shim coil is several orders of magnitudes better than the same-size solenoid. A simulation experiment is also conducted. Experimental results show that optimization results are verified, and power consumption of the optimized coil is about half of the solenoid when providing the same uniform magnetic field. This indicates that the proposed optimal method is feasible to develop shim coil for ASG.
Effects of contact gap on nondestructive evaluation using magnetic measurement for ferromagnetic steel
Authors: Kikuchi Hiroaki , Sato Yuki
Published: September 2020

We investigated effects of contact gap on magnetic nondestructive evaluation technique using a magnetic single-yoke probe. Firstly, we evaluated hysteresis curves and impedance related to permeability of the material measured by a single-yoke probe, when an air gap length between the probe and specimens changes. The hysteresis curve gradually inclines to the axis of the magneto-motive force and magneto-motive force at which the magnetic flux is 0 decreases with increasing the gap length. The effective permeability also decreases with increasing the gap thickness. The incremental of gap thickness increases the reluctance inside the magnetic circuit composed of the yoke, specimen and gap, which results in the reduction of flux applying to specimen.
Tactile sensor for measuring hardness and viscosity by using a bimorph piezoelectric array
Authors: Nagai Hiroshi , Okuyama Takeshi , Tanaka Mami
Published: September 2020

In this paper, an active tactile sensor system for measurement of Young’s modulus and viscosity is developed. For the active sensing, the sensor unit with the 8 bimorph piezoelectric array is bonded to the speaker that is driven by a square wave. The transient response from the sensor signal of each bimorph piezo cell is processed to reduce the noise. From the output, the first peak and the ratio of first peak to time of first peak are extracted as the indexes for the measurement of Young’s modulus and viscosity, respectively. It is confirmed that the first peak has a clear correlation with the Young’s modulus, and that the ratio of first peak to time of first peak has a definite correlation with the viscosity. Further, the initial contact force affects the sensitivities of Young’s modulus and viscosity.
Assessment of a novel artificial anal sphincter with constant force
Authors: Wang Minghui , Yu Hongliu
Published: September 2020

Fecal incontinence caused by sphincter dysfunction is an unresolved problem which has a serious effect on patients, both physically and psychologically. For patients with severe symptoms, treatment with an artificial anal sphincter could be a potential option to restore continence. Acticon Neosphincter still has safety and efficacy problems, which is the only device certified by the US Food and Drug Administration. The biomechanical compatibility is the key problem of artificial anal sphincter in the clinical application. This paper describes an artificial anal sphincter with superelastic shape memory alloys and its mechanical properties assessment in artificial intestine models. The new design was developed as a low invasive and constant force or pressure prosthesis with a simple structure to solve the problem of severe fecal incontinence in patients.
A basic study on levitation characteristics of metal foil by edge-supported electromagnetic levitation system
Authors: Narita Takayoshi , Oda Yoshiho , Ito Yasuaki , Kato Hideaki
Published: September 2020

The grasping and conveying of an object by utilizing the frictional force generated by contact are performed during various steps in the process of manufacturing industrial products. Deterioration of the surface quality due to these contacts is a problem. A noncontact way to transport steel plates using electromagnetic force has been proposed as a solution to these problems. In such applications to date, electromagnets are installed in the vertical direction. However, if the steel plate is thin and lacks sufficient flexural rigidity, it is difficult to exert enough suspension force to levitate the entire steel plate. To solve this problem, we propose an edge-supported electromagnetic levitation system suitable for flexible steel plates using electromagnets installed in the horizontal direction. In this paper, we report on levitation experiments to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system and discuss characteristics of the horizontal positioning of electromagnets and levitation suspension.
Enhancing the power generation of Rhodopseudomonas palustris-based MFC
Authors: Otani Shu , Nguyen Dang-Trang , Taguchi Kozo
Published: September 2020

In this study, a portable and disposable paper-based microbial fuel cell (MFC) was fabricated. The MFC was powered by Rhodopseudomonas palustris bacteria (R. palustris). An activated carbon sheet-based anode pre-loaded organic matter (starch) and R. palustris was used. By using starch in the anode, R. palustris-loaded on the anode could be preserved for a long time in dry conditions. The MFC could generate electricity on-demand activated by adding water to the anode. The activated carbon sheet anode was treated by UV-ozone treatment to remove impurities and to improve its hydrophilicity before being loaded with R. palustris. The developed MFC could generate the maximum power density of 0.9 μW/cm2 and could be preserved for long-term usage with little performance degradation (10% after four weeks).
Polyaniline coating electrochemical properties improvement after roughened platinum substrate and its anti-wear performance study
Authors: Zhang Wenguang , Li Wei , Sun Xiaowen
Published: September 2020

In order to improve the electrochemical performance of the neural electrode the polyaniline coatings were modified on roughened Pt (PANI/rPt1) electrodes using electrochemical method. The roughness factor (fR up to 424) of Pt surfaces increased significantly through electrochemical roughening processing. PANI/rPt electrodes showed excellent interfacial properties. Specifically, about 5.6-fold increase in the charge density of PANI/rPt (fR = 424) was observed, while the interfacial impedance (103.5 Ω) was reduced by 50% compared to that of PANI coatings on the smooth Pt surfaces (PANI/sPt2). The results indicate the potential application of PANI/rPt as an efficient and stable future neural interface. In addition, the wear test shows that the coating did not fail during the wearing period and holds an excellent wear resistance ability.
Thrust analysis of permanent magnet linear synchronous motor with oriented silicon steel
Authors: Dong Ting , Dong Xingkang , Wei Xuepeng
Published: September 2020

Thrust performance is one of the important indexes of permanent magnet linear synchronous motors. The traditional non-oriented silicon steel sheet is used as the core material of the permanent magnet linear synchronous motor, which limits the performance of the permanent magnet linear synchronous motors. For the oriented silicon steel sheet has a higher magnetic permeability in the rolling direction, a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor with similar number of poles and slots made of oriented silicon steel is proposed in this paper. By measuring the B-H curves of the rolling direction and the cutting direction, the thrust properties of the two motors made of traditional silicon steel sheets and oriented silicon steel sheets are analyzed and compared by the finite element method (FEM) under rated load and overload conditions respectively. The thrusts under different tooth-yoke ratios are discussed in the end.
Transient magnetic field formulation for solid source conductors
Authors: Wimmer Georg , Lange Sebastian
Published: September 2020

The formulation for the azimuthal component of the magnetic vector potential for axisymmetric magnetostatic applications is well known. However for transient magnetic fields with solid source conductors and eddy currents the formulation has to be revised. A variable transformation is introduced to remove the singularity from the numerical scheme. The numerical error cannot accumulate and is put instead to the postprocessing at every time step.
Research on behavior recognition based on feature fusion of automatic coder and recurrent neural network
Authors: Zheng Bing , Yun Dawei , Liang Yan
Published: September 2020

Under the impact of COVID-19, research on behavior recognition are highly needed. In this paper, we combine the algorithm of self-adaptive coder and recurrent neural network to realize the research of behavior pattern recognition. At present, most of the research of human behavior recognition is focused on the video data, which is based on the video number. At the same time, due to the complexity of video image data, it is easy to violate personal privacy. With the rapid development of Internet of things technology, it has attracted the attention of a large number of experts and scholars. Researchers have tried to use many machine learning methods, such as random forest, support vector machine and other shallow learning methods, which perform well in the laboratory environment, but there is still a long way to go from practical application. In this paper, a recursive neural network algorithm based on long and short term memory (LSTM) is proposed to realize the recognition of behavior patterns, so as to improve the accuracy of human activity behavior recognition.
Perturbation of in vivo Neural Activity Following α-Synuclein Seeding in the Olfactory Bulb
Authors: Kulkarni Aishwarya S. , del Mar Cortijo Maria , Roberts Elizabeth R. , Suggs Tamara L. , Stover Heather B. , Pena-Bravo José I. , Steiner Jennifer A. , Luk Kelvin C. , Brundin Patrik , Wesson Daniel W.
Published: September 2020

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) neuropathology is characterized by intraneuronal protein aggregates composed of misfolded α-Synuclein (α-Syn), as well as degeneration of substantia nigra dopamine neurons. Deficits in olfactory perception and aggregation of α-Syn in the olfactory bulb (OB) are observed during early stages of PD, and have been associated with the PD prodrome, before onset of the classic motor deficits. α-Syn fibrils injected into the OB of mice cause progressive propagation of α-Syn pathology throughout the olfactory system and are coupled to olfactory perceptual deficits. Objective: We hypothesized that accumulation of pathogenic α-Syn in the OB impairs neural activity in the olfactory system. Methods: To address this, we monitored spontaneous and odor-evoked local field potential dynamics in awake wild type mice simultaneously in the OB and piriform cortex (PCX) one, two, and three months following injection of pathogenic preformed α-Syn fibrils in the OB. Results: We detected α-Syn pathology in both the OB and PCX. We also observed that α-Syn fibril injections influenced odor-evoked activity in the OB. In particular, α-Syn fibril-injected mice displayed aberrantly high odor-evoked power in the beta spectral range. A similar change in activity was not detected in the PCX, despite high levels of α-Syn pathology. Conclusion: Together, this work provides evidence that synucleinopathy impacts in vivo neural activity in the olfactory system at the network-level.
Dynamically scheduling NFL games to reduce strength of schedule variability
Authors: Bouzarth Elizabeth L. , Cromer Andrew W. , Fravel William J. , Grannan Benjamin C. , Hutson Kevin R.
Published: September 2020

The National Football League (NFL) schedules regular season games so that some matchups are based on the previous year’s results. Since team composition changes from year to year, this scheduling policy creates variation in teams’ strength of schedules and sometimes benefits teams unfairly, allowing some an easier path to the playoffs than others. This paper proposes methods to produce an NFL schedule that combine some of its traditional elements with dynamically scheduled games aimed at optimizing different objectives, such as reducing the variability of teams’ strength of schedule or minimizing the number of pairwise comparisons needed to differentiate team quality so as to make each teams’ regular season schedule as fair as possible.
“It makes me feel part of the society”: Return-to-work decisions of SSDI beneficiaries
Authors: Taylor Allison B. , Blackburn Nerlie
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: The SGA Model Demonstration included a qualitative follow-along study of participants’ return-to-work decision-making. OBJECTIVE: The authors describe the findings, including motivations of SSDI beneficiaries to seek employment and vocational rehabilitation (VR) services, and the social, familial and personal considerations in returning to work. METHODS: This study used a longitudinal qualitative approach, involving a series of in-depth interviews with SSDI beneficiaries who sought services from state VR agencies in Minnesota and Kentucky. RESULTS: Motivations of SSDI beneficiaries to seek employment extend beyond economic need. Fear and confusion associated with balancing financial risks and rewards of returning to work influenced whether participants felt ready to do so. Yet while financial considerations are important, they are often embedded in or superseded by motivations related to family engagement, roles, and responsibilities; activity and social engagement; and the personal meanings of work. Financial and benefits counseling provided through the SGA Model was widely praised by participants, and the informed decision-making process facilitated by the coordinated team approach allowed many to envision pathways that had not previously seemed viable. CONCLUSIONS: Decisions to return to work are governed by multifaceted processes. VR services that are responsive to these complexities can empower individuals to make informed decisions.
Preparing for the future: Vocational rehabilitation and research partnerships for innovation
Authors: Connelly John , Wooderson Stephen
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: The Council of State Administrators of Vocational Rehabilitation (CSAVR) represents the chief administrators of the 78 vocational rehabilitation (VR) agencies in every state, territory, and the District of Columbia. In anticipation of the 100th anniversary of the public VR program, CSAVR launched its Vision 2020 goals with an express interest in innovation. CSAVR recognizes that research is important to provide the data that VR agencies need to continually improve their outcomes and services. OBJECTIVE: The authors make a case for why researcher-VR partnerships are an important strategy for innovation and provide suggestions for strengthening those partnerships. METHODS: The authors describe CSAVR’s investment in research and provide data from a survey of state VR agencies on research participation. RESULTS: Researchers can increase state VR agency participation in their projects by involving the agency in study design, minimizing the time and resource burden on the agency, and demonstrating that the proposed research will yield products that benefit customers and improve staff competency. CONCLUSION: VR agencies are motivated to engage in research that will clearly add value and improve operations with minimal burden. It is hoped that greater agency participation in research will yield better data to guide agencies in the future.
The association of sodium intake with successful aging, in 3,349 middle-aged and older adults: Results from the ATTICA and MEDIS cross-sectional epidemiological studies
Authors: Foscolou Alexandra , Critselis Elena , Tyrovolas Stefanos , Chrysohoou Christina , Naumovski Nenad , Rallidis Loukianos , Polychronopoulos Evangelos , Matalas Antonia-Leda , Sidossis Labros S. , Panagiotakos Demosthenes
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND:

The association between sodium intake and successful aging is not elucidated to date.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the association between sodium intake and successful aging, in people aged >50 years, living in Greece.

METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in middle aged and older adult participants of the ATTICA ( n = 1,128) and MEDIS ( n = 2,221) epidemiological studies. Anthropometric, clinical, socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics derived through standard procedures and questionnaires. Sodium intake was measured based on the USDA Food Composition database; table salt or salt from processed foods were not evaluated. Successful aging was assessed using the Successful Aging Index (SAI, range 0–10, higher values indicating higher successful aging) comprising of health-related, social, lifestyle and clinical characteristics.

RESULTS:

Participants with ≥1500 mg/day sodium intake had 20.2% on average lower SAI score compared to those with <1500 mg/day sodium intake; stratification by sex and age revealed that in both females and males high sodium intake (≥1900 mg/day) was also inversely associated with SAI compared to low sodium intake (<1300 mg/day); this association was more evident among older males (high vs. low: >70-males/>70-females, –90% vs. 82.5%, p <  0. 001) and overweight/obese participants (high vs. low: overweight/obese/normal weight, –59% vs. –35%, p’ s <  0. 05).

CONCLUSIONS:

Daily sodium intake of <1500 mg seems to be a key factor for achieving successful aging. Public health nutrition policies should enforce their actions on reducing sodium intake by people of all ages.
THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN SOCIAL INTERMEDIARY SERVICES : EVIDENCE IN METRO CITY
Authors: Kurniawati Fitri
Published: September 2020

Islamic financial institutions are expected to be able to implement their roles as financial intermediaries and social intermediaries. But what happened in the city of Metro, the dominance of the contract on the practice of Islamic financial institutions only felt the benefits for the upper middle class. Besides that, innovative products that have not been able to reach the majority of the community are not optimal yet, where in the aggregate most of them are Muslims. So that the presence of Islamic financial institutions is considered the same as conventional, because it has not been able to answer the fundamental problems of society. Due to the limitations of researchers, the Islamic financial institutions that will be examined in this study are some Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil in Metro City. This research was conducted to analyze the strategies, procedures and product development of Islamic financial institutions in their role of social intermediation. Research is a field research with a descriptive analytical approach. Data collected using interview and documentation methods. Primary data was obtained from Islamic financial institutions (BMT) as social intermediaries in the community, namely the management and members of BMT. Secondary data were obtained from journals, research reports, books and articles. The analysis technique begins with data collection and reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results of this study are the role of Islamic financial institutions in social intermediation, namely as an intermediary that connects the aghniya and dhu'afa. The implementation procedure does not directly get commercial financing, but educational services using the tabarru agreement 'with social funds. Product development strategy, namely: establishing a special division in Islamic financial institutions and collaborating with social institutions around.
O CERCEAMENTO À LIVRE MANIFESTAÇÃO ARTÍSTICA E A REDUÇÃO DOS SETORES PÚBLICOS DESTINADOS À PROMOÇÃO DA CULTURA E DA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Mega Vinícius Mizumoto
Published: September 2020

O artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a diminuição das instâncias de administração públicas destinadas à promoção da cultura e da educação após Jair Bolsonaro (PSL) ter assumido a Presidência da República. A partir da análise de casos de censura de mercado a exposições, performances, obras de arte e peças de teatro, percebe-se que existem, atualmente, prescrições políticas e ideológicas tanto do Estado quanto de empresas que impedem a livre manifestação de pensamento nas produções artísticas e culturais, impedindo a pluralidade de ideias que sustentam um ambiente democrático. A metodologia inclui revisão bibliográfica sobre censura, neoliberalismo e Lei Rouanet, além de entrevistas que foram transcritas e analisadas por meio da análise de conteúdo.
Effects of some precursors and elicitors on the growth and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of in vitro Urena lobata L. hairy roots
Authors: Vu Phuong Thi Bach , Cao Dai Minh , Quach Phuong Ngo Diem
Published: September 2020

Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of in vitro Urena lobata L. hairy roots to inhibit α-glucosidase for supporting the treatment of type 2 diabetes. To increase the productivities of hairy roots with α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in in vitro culture conditions, this study focus on the effects of some metabolic factors such as precursors (L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine) and elicitors (chitosan, methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid). They were added to the culture media to investigate the growth and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Urena lobata L. hairy roots. The results showed that for the effects of precursors, only phenylalanine (1 µM) increased root biomass with the highest of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity on the 25th day of culture. In contrast, tyrosine did not play any role in increasing the biomass and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in Urena lobata L. hairy roots. For the effects of elicitors, only chitosan (50 mg/L) resulted in hairy roots with α-glucosidase inhibitory activity higher than the control after 3 days in culture medium. Other elicitors such as methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid had lower α-glucosidase inhibitory activity than the control. The results of this study demonstrated the potential of phenylalanine and chitosan in increasing the productivity of in vitro hairy roots with higher α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in Urena lobata L.
ASYA VE AMERİKA’NIN TÜRKİYE’YE YÖNELİK TURİZM TALEBİNİ ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER: PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ
Authors: ŞENGEL Ümit , ZENGİN Burhanettin
Published: September 2020

Araştırmada Asya ve Amerika kıtası ülkelerinden Türkiye’ye yönelik Turizm talebini etkileyen faktörlerin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda iki farklı kıtadaki ülkelere ilişkin sonuçlar Türkiye’ye yönelik genel talep ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Özellikle turizm pazarında rekabetin giderek yoğunlaşması, turizm talebi için seçenekleri arttırırken, turizm arzı için de önemli bir rekabet ortamı yaratmaktadır. Böyle bir durumda araştırmaya konu olan bu ve benzeri çalışmalar önem kazanmaktadır. Çünkü turistik destinasyonlar turizm talebini belirleyen faktörlere bağlı olarak plan ve politikalar yürütmektedir. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemleri kullanılmış ve ikincil veriler üzerinden bulgular elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler Stata 14.2 programı yardımı ile analiz edilmiştir. Analizlerde Panel veri ekonometrisinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre Asya kıtasından Türkiye’ye yönelik talebini etkileyen herhangi bir değişken tespit edilememiştir. Ancak Amerika kıtasındaki ülkeler için GSYH, Kişi Başı Harcanabilir Milli Gelir, Gider, Reel Döviz Kuru ve İnternet Kullanan Bireyler değişkenlerinin Türkiye’ye Yönelik turizm talebini etkilediği tespit edilmiştir.
The effect of amaranth based feed additives on the indicators of rabbits’ cellular immunity during the eimeriosis
Authors: Duda Y. V.
Published: September 2020

Analysis of modern literary sources concluded that amaranth has high biological value and that eimeriosis is widespread across the rabbit farms. Therefore, to increase the effectiveness of natural feed additive usage, it is necessary to develop scientifically based systems for its use, taking into account animals’ biological characteristics and their disease. The animals of the experimental group were fed by an amaranth oilcake with the same feed as in the control group for one month. The infestation intensity (II) was determined by the method of McMaster. B- and T-lymphocytes count was determined by the spontaneous rosette formation method with sheep erythrocytes. It was found that feed additive based on amaranth oilcake reduced II by 2.58 times in the experimental group, while II in the control group was increased by 1.25 times. It has also decreased leukocyte count due to a drop-in lymphocytes regarding the preparatory period and control group, by 1.50 times and 1.29 times respectively. During this period, rabbits from the experimental group compared to the control and preparatory period had a lower number of neutrophilic metamyelocytes (by 3.62 and 2.24 times, respectively) and eosinophils (by 1.91 and 2.26 times, respectively). Monocytes and basophils in the rabbits’ experimental group decreased by 1.79 and 3.40 times compared with the control ones. It was found that in the control, during the month, there was an increase in the number of neutrophilic metamyelocytes by 2.00 times, monocytes by 3.09 times and basophils by 1.89 times compared to the decrease of eosinophils by 1.55 times. In the blood of experimental group animals, relative to the preparatory period and control, a decrease in the number of B-lymphocytes (by 1.36 and 1.53 times, respectively), O-lymphocytes (by 2.26 and 4.39 times), T-helpers (by 1.69 and 1.45 times), T-active (2.35 and 1.73 times), IRI (at 1.81 times and 1.32 times), while the percentage of T-lymphocytes increased (by 1.23 times) than in the control group. The percentage of T-suppressors in the experimental group increased by 1.93 times against a decrease in T-active lymphocytes by 1.17 times compared to the control. The amaranth oilcake showed an eimeriostatic effect when feeding it to animals for a month. The feed additive suppressed the inflammatory processes in the intestinal mucosa, that aroused by the parasite Eimeria spp. Prospects for further research are to determine the effect of this oilcake on the level of rabbits’ blood A, G, M immunoglobulins during eimeriosis.
Methods of visualization in the diagnosis of COVID‑19 community‑acquired pneumonia
Authors: Gumeniuk М.І. , Іgnatieva V.І. , Lynnyk М.І. , Gumeniuk G.L. , Svyatnenko V.А. , Palivoda M.G.
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND. At present, the overall picture of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the causative agent of which is SARS- CoV-2, consists of hundreds of reports and articles in scientific journals, where doctors from around the world share their experience in diagnosing and treating patients.

OBJECTIVE. To analyze the informativeness of imaging methods in the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia of viral etiology (COVID-19).

MATERIALS AND METHODS. We used test access to such full-text and abstract databases: a single package of the information database EBSCO; the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature Scopus; Google Scholar; MEDLINE with Full Text; MEDLINE Complete; Dyna Med Plus; EBSCO eBooks Clinical Collection; Web of Science Core Collection WoS (CC); SCIE (Science Citation Index Expanded); SSCI (Social Science Citation Index); AHCI (Artand Humanities Citation Index).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Modern imaging methods that can be used in the diagnosis and monitoring of viral etiology (COVID-19) community-acquired pneumonia include: chest radiography (CR), computed tomography (CT) of chest and ultrasound (US).

The analysis allowed to determine the typical criteria for the diagnosis of inflammatory changes of chest of viral etiology (COVID-19) according to CT and to identify radiological criteria for the severity of the disease. In-patient CR and US are recommended for use in critically ill patients who are in intensive care units, when it is impossible to transport patients.

CONCLUSIONS. CT is an objective and most informative research method in the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia.
Viral load as a marker of the risk of severe course and progression of COVID-19: a review
Authors: Feshchenko Y. I.
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND. Clinical course of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 varies from the absolute absence of symptoms to the extremely severe viral pneumonias with the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome. In this context, investigation of the peculiarities of disease course in dependence of viral load (VL) is very interesting.

OBJECTIVE. The aim of this paper is to analyze the results of novel clinical studies, dedicated to VL estimation in different biological specimens and its correlation with the severity of COVID-19 clinical course.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. During the first months of 2020 there were published some scientific studies, which analyzed the association between VL and the severity of COVID-19 clinical course. It was established that VL was high at the beginning of the disease; in the sputum its value was higher than in throat and nasal swabs. In comparison to the mild course of COVID-19, severe course is characterized by higher VL and longer release of the virus into the environment. Apart from that, high VL is associated with the significant increase of proinflammatory cytokines’ levels, risk of disease progress and unfavorable prognosis.

CONCLUSIONS. VL can be considered a risk factor and the predictor of severe course of COVID-19. Measures, aimed at the effective decrease of VL on each stage of the disease, and the improvement of antiepidemic control must help to optimize the treatment and prevent the spread of infection.
A narrativa como experiência do conhecer – formação para a individuação
Authors: Leme Erika Souza , Guedes Marta Cardoso
Published: September 2020

Neste artigo temos como objetivo discutir a transformação de alguns aspectos da vida contemporânea, como o desaparecimento da experiência e o declínio da narração. Embasados na Teoria Crítica da Sociedade, trouxemos à tona as reflexões de Adorno, Horkheimer e Benjamin sobre a sociedade moderna e, portanto, administrada. Para os referidos autores as formas de organização e as relações humanas foram cunhadas pelo pensamento ordenador, que diz respeito ao modo pelo qual o processo racional de esclarecimento impossibilita uma relação substancial entre experiência e pensamento em nome do progresso da sociedade. Frente a isso, entendemos que devemos recusar a coisificação do indivíduo e pela educação para a individuação temos a possibilidade de formar o indivíduo imbricado com o coletivo, ou seja, sem perder a universalidade que nos constitui.
Criatividade e educação: articulação possível?
Authors: Maia Maria Vitoria Campos Mamede , Nagem Camila
Published: September 2020

Este artigo busca refletir acerca do espaço educacional e a formação de professores a partir do que entendemos por criatividade e educação. As discussões teóricas e os campos de análise apresentados são parte das vivências e estudos empreendidos pelas autoras e o grupo de pesquisa Criar e Brincar: o lúdico no processo de ensino-aprendizagem (LUPEA), vinculado à Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), sendo, portanto, nossa metodologia pautada no relato de experiência e ilustrada por falas ou cenas vividas. Já nosso referencial teórico está calcado na psicopedagogia psicanalítica de Paín (2008, 2009) e Fernández (2001, 2010) e na concepção de viver criativo de Winnicott (1975, 1982).
Teorias e práticas de Geografia na escola: produção de saberes escolares e formação docente no PIBID
Authors: Fortuna Denizart , Nascimento Juliana
Published: September 2020

O presente texto é resultado das primeiras reflexões sobre a formação de professores e, de saída, considera-se a ruptura existente entre o conhecimento acadêmico e o conhecimento cotidiano na perspectiva da construção dos saberes escolares. A hipótese é de que as dificuldades da aprendizagem perpassem pelo não reconhecimento dessa ruptura tanto pelos estudantes como também pelos licenciandos-professores. A nossa investigação sugere mais estudos empíricos sobre as nossas práticas de ensino no Programa da Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID), vinculado à Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) e à Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF)
A origem da vida na educação básica: uma abordagem a partir do método científico
Authors: Ouverney Roberta da Rocha , Lage Débora de Aguiar
Published: September 2020

O ensino sobre origem da vida possibilita o aprendizado sobre história da Ciência e destaca a relevância da observação e experimentação na construção do conhecimento científico. Considerando a polêmica que envolve o tema associada à dificuldade de muitos professores na sua abordagem, este estudo objetivou trabalhar a origem da vida, a partir das etapas do método científico. Após análise sobre a concepção dos estudantes, realizou-se uma aula diferenciada, com debates, vídeos e animações, evidenciando os principais naturalistas e teorias propostas sobre o surgimento das espécies. Ao final, os estudantes participaram de uma atividade problematizadora, em que, a partir da observação de um fato, deveriam formular uma hipótese, elaborar um experimento para comprovar ou refutar suas hipóteses e descrever os resultados esperados. Acreditamos que a metodologia aqui proposta constitui um instrumento válido e eficaz para a construção do conhecimento científico, permitindo o desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades para além do espaço escolar.
PROPGPEC-CPII: participação ativa nas inovações educacionais do Colégio Pedro II
Authors: Maciel Alda Maria Coimbra Aguilar , Oliva Marcia
Published: September 2020

Com o intuito de trazer informações sobre as ações da Pró-Reitora de Pós-Graduação, Pesquisa, Extensão e Cultura (PROPGPEC-CPII), entrevistei a Profa. Dra. Marcia Oliva, nossa Pró-Reitora.Nessa entrevista, a Profa. Marcia Oliva presenteia os/as leitores/as com um panorama das atividades desse setor e apresenta seus projetos futuros.Espero que esta experiência de leitura apadrinhe nossos objetivos profissionais vindouros!Alda Maria Coimbra Aguilar Maciel