bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Validity of the Invasive Tests for Helicobacter Pylori Diagnosis is Unequally Affected by the Consumption of Antibiotics or Pump Inhibitors. Test Performance under Real-World Conditions
Authors: Alcedo Javier , Casas Diego , Gotor Jesus , Lafuente Miguel , Llorente Mónica , Sanz-Segura Patricia , Monzón Rosario , Hörndler Carlos , Peña-Galo Edgar Martin
Published: July 2021

Background and Aims: Patients undergoing upper endoscopy have often used proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and/or antibiotics (ABx) recently. Both drugs have been associated with a poorer yield of the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) diagnostic tests. The aim was to assess the accuracy of the polymerase chain reaction test (qPCR), histological exam (HE) and ultra-fast urease test (UFUT) for H. pylori detection in patients that recently used PPI or ABx.

Methods: Prospective study recruiting 206 patients who underwent upper endoscopy and gastric biopsies. Demographics and use of PPI/ABx were obtained. Sensibility (Sn), specificity (Sp), predictive value (PV), likelihood ratio (LR) and PABAK concordance index, were calculated, considering as the gold standard the positivity of 2 out of 3 analyzed tests. A global analysis and another one based on the PPI/ABx intake were performed.

Results: 48.5% of patients used PPI and 12.8% ABx within the 2 and 4 weeks prior to endoscopy, respectively. The UFUT was positive in 13.1% of patients, HE in 34% and qPCR in 35.9%. UFUT achieved lower Sn (37%) than HE (98%) and qPCR (98%) (p<0.001) overall. ABx were associated with lower Sn in HE (p=0.04) and lower Sp in qPCR (p=0.03). PPI did not associate with a significant drop in Sn and Sp. The concordance between HE and qPCR was 0.83 (95%CI: 0.73-0.89).

Conclusions: Under real world conditions, the accuracy and concordance of HE and qPCR to diagnose H. pylori were excellent, but UFUT achieved unsatisfactory outcomes. The intake of ABx was associated with the worse performance, fundamentally for HE. The PPI did not reduce the tests‘ yield significantly.
Sextuplets: management of a higher order pregnancy in a medium-resource setting
Authors: Ramsarran Jonathan , Bassaw Bharat , Chinnia Javed , Ali-Bassaw Falima , Singh Dinesh , Harry Shuntelli , Khan Shane
Published: July 2021

A 28-year-old gravida 1 para 0 was referred to the Mt. Hope Maternity Hospital, a tertiary teaching institution at 8 weeks of gestation with excessive vomiting in pregnancy secondary to a sextuplet pregnancy. She was given empirical clomiphene citrate 100mg for 10 days after having difficulty conceiving with know polycystic ovarian syndrome. She conceived after the first course of clomiphene citrate. After being counseled on the many maternal and fetal complications with higher-order pregnancy and a clear road-map for the management of the pregnancy, which included multifetal pregnancy reduction (MFPR), this was declined due to socio-cultural and ethical grounds. Cervical cerclage was inserted at 12 weeks gestation and thromboprophylaxis commenced. Urgent Caesarean delivery was arranged at 31 weeks of pregnancy secondary to worsening symptoms of overdistension. This study aims to outline management of a higher order pregnancy when the standard approach of MFPR is unacceptable to the patient. Central to this cause was circumventing risks of higher order gestations such as preterm labor, pre-eclampsia, thrombosis and anaemia.
Ukrainian-Romanian Relations at the Background of Russia’s Revisionist Policy
Authors:   the Institute of History of Ukraine, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Zlatin Oleksandr
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this article is to analyse relations between Ukraine and Romania in the post-communist period. It provides a deep insight into the evolution of these relations in the context of Russia’s aggression against Ukraine. The study gives a general overview of the bilateral relations between the two neighbouring countries since the collapse of USSR and restoration of Ukraine’s independence in 1991, focusing on a wide range of irritants both great and small. Further, the research highlights turbulent relations between Kyiv and Bucharest from the historical and socio-cultural perspective. Another neuralgic issue analysed in this paper is Russian illegal annexation of the Crimea and its aggression against Ukraine, which not only destabilised the security balance in the Black Sea, Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East by establishing a large anti-access/area-denial exclusion zone but also caused the greatest threat to the national security of Romania. In fact, with Russia being its direct maritime neighbour Romania cannot cope with this threat alone. Furthermore, the study shows that Russian aggression against Ukraine resulted in intensifying rapprochement between Ukraine and Romania since 2014. Subsequently, Romania condemned the Kremlin’s aggression and became one of the Ukraine’s advocates within the international organisations like the EU, NATO, and the UN. Finally, it is also noteworthy that summit meetings between Kyiv and Bucharest reveal the new phase in their bilateral relations based on the “security first” approach.
Russian Influence on the Position of Austria in the Context of the Ukraine – European Union Association Agreement
Authors:   the Institute of History of Ukraine, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Safarians Yevhenij
Published: July 2021

The paper deals with the Russian influence on the Austrian position in the context of the Ukraine – European Union Association Agreement. The author proves that at start of the Ukrainian – EU relations the Republic of Austria approved Ukraine’s European aspirations and actively supported them. This publication analyzes the reasons why the attitude of Austrian politicians and public society in the context of the Ukraine – EU integration sharply deteriorated after 2004. The article notes that Russian propaganda is the most influenced the change in attitudes of Austrian citizens about Ukraine. Growing euroscepticism is also closely associated with the activities of Russian information resources. Large funds were involved by the Russian Federation to discredit the Association Agreement, both in Ukraine and in other European countries. This process unfolded with new vigor during the aggression of Russia against Ukraine in the 2014-17. Some Austrian businessmen continued to collaborate with the aggressor and concluded new agreements. A significant delaying ratification of the Ukraine – European Union Association Agreement is also closely related to the impact of Russian business on Austrian politics. However, it should be noted that the Austrian side has ratified the Ukraine – European Union Association Agreement. Republic of Austria acceded to the European sanctions regime against the Russian Federation and does not weaken it, despite considerable pressure from the pro-Russian part of Austrian politicians and businessmen. Austria has stood the test, and now Ukrainians have to make reciprocal steps. Ukraine should pursue a deliberate policy aimed at creating a range of partners with which to implement joint integration projects. Future cooperation between the Republic of Austria and Ukraine has an important aspect – the vision of the continuing development of integration processes in Europe.
New Archival Materials Regards the “Odessa Periods” in the Biography of the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Ukrainian State (Hetmanate) G.E. Afanas’ev (1848-1925)
Authors:   the State archives of Odessa region, Berezin Sergii
Published: July 2021

The article is based on archival materials from the collections of the State Archives of Odessa Region, Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine (Kiev) and the Russian State Library (Moscow). These materials provide documental confirmation of the little-known facts of the biography of George Afanas`ev, the famous historian and educator, journalist, banker and diplomat, public and state figure. The represented source base allows to refine and supplement the information from the historiography about the life and work of Afanas`ev in the period of his stay in Odessa and activity in the Novorossiysky University. Some of these documents are published and introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.
Polish Consulate in Odessa in 1918 – 1920 and its Archive
Authors:   University of Opole, Ciesielski Tomasz
Published: July 2021

General Consulate of the Republic of Poland established in Odessa in 2003 is the third Polish diplomatic mission in the Black Sea region of present – day Ukraine. The second Polish consulate, representing the reviving Polish statehood, functioned at the Black Sea between January 1919 and the beginning of February 1920, with almost a 5-month-long break, during the first Bolshevik occupation of Odessa. Zenon Belina Brzozowki was the consul in office during the period of January, 4, 1919 to March, 3, 1919 and then again since the end of August, (between April and August he stayed in Istanbul), in October and November, 1919 he was replaced by Stanisław Srokowski, a diplomat in the rank of I class consul, i.e. the present general consul. The consulate changed its location few times, and in different months the number of its employees varied from a few people to over a dozen. The consulat functioned in Odessa until March, 3, 1920 when it was evacuated along with a large group of Polish citizens because of the inevitability of the Bolshevik takeover of the city. Consulate staff and archives reached Warsaw in March 1920. Not many archival materials regarding the functioning of Polish consulat in the Black Sea region were saved.
The Consulate General of the Georgian Democratic Republic in Odessa in 1918 – 1921: Main Activities, Figures, Value
Authors:   Odessa I.I. Mechnikov National University, Muzychko Oleksandr
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this paper is to study the activities of the Georgian Consulate in Odessa (1918-1921), based on positivism methodology. This theme is carefully illuminated by us for the first time in historiography. The study made the following conclusions: 1) the foundation of the Georgian Consulate in Odessa was due to the long process of existence of the Georgian community in this city; 2) there were stages in the existence of the Consulate: September 1918 - March 1919 - the establishment of the Consulate, mainly for activities aimed at the transport intermediation for former soldiers and refugees, and economic cooperation; March-August 1919 - the activity in extreme conditions of Communist terror, and assistance to inmates; September 1919 - January 1920 - a break in the existence of the Consulate, which was closed by supporters of the Russian Empire restoration; January 1920 - February 1921 - activity in Odessa of “the Special economic mission of the Georgian democratic Republic”, which was actually a form of activity of recovered Consulat. The Georgian Consulate in 1918-1921 in Odessa laid a solid ideological Foundation for the modern phenomenon – the establishment in 1998 of the Consulate General of Georgia in Odessa, which still operates today. Further Studios of this theme must be unfolded in the direction of expansion of the source base, study of Russian and Georgian archives, private family collections, which primarily should contain valuable sources for additional disclosure of the topic. The practical significance of the results achieved lies in the fact that the study can be used for the contemporary diplomatic service of Ukraine and Georgia, the formation of the policy of historical memory, with the aim of honoring anniversaries of events related to important aspects of the Georgian Consulate’s activity in Odessa.
The Response of Donbas Population to the Events of the 1956 Hungarian Revolution
Authors:   Ukrainian Institute of National Remembrance, Karetnikov Ihor
Published: July 2021

The article deals with the response of residents of Voroshylovhrad and Stalin (modern — Luhans’k and Donets’k) regions to the uprising against the communist regime in Hungary in autumn 1956. The author notes that the Hungarian Revolution was a factor behind the growth of public dissent in the Donbass, provoking a rise of critical sentiments related to the internal problems of Soviet society.
Multi Level Marketing (MLM) in Fatwa DSN MUI
Authors: Jauhari Muhammad Sofwan , Muslim Moch Bukhori , Saepullah Saepullah
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The purpose of this study is to explain the fatwa of the DSN-MUI (Dewan Sharia Nasional-Majelis Ulama Indonesia) No. 75 / DSN MUI / VII / 2009, regarding Guidelines for Direct Selling with Sharia Level (PLBS) or Multi-Level Marketing (MLM). The study analyses the methodology used by the DSN-MUI in giving the fatwa on the MLM. This study is a qualitative research with a content-analysis method by analysing the fatwa on MLM using fiqh and ushul al-fiqh theories. It concludes that the fatwa issued by the DSN MUI is accommodating and applicable for business people in Indonesia. The DSN MUI fatwa provides solutions and guidance for business people to make business activities in accordance with the sharia’s principles.Keyword: Fatwa ,MLM, DSN MUI. Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan fatwa DSN-MUI (Dewan Syariah Nasional-Majelis Ulama Indonesia) No. 75/DSN MUI/VII/2009, tentang Pedoman Penjualan Langsung Bertingkat Syariah (PLBS) atau Multi Level Pemasaran (MLM). Kajian ini menganalisis metodologi yang digunakan DSN-MUI dalam memberikan fatwa tentang MLM. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode analisis isi dengan menganalisis fatwa tentang MLM dengan menggunakan teori fiqh dan ushul al-fiqh. Disimpulkan bahwa fatwa yang dikeluarkan DSN MUI sudah akomodatif dan berlaku bagi para pelaku bisnis di Indonesia. Fatwa DSN MUI memberikan solusi dan pedoman bagi para pelaku usaha untuk melakukan kegiatan usaha sesuai dengan prinsip syariah.Kata Kunci: Fatwa ,MLM, DSN MUI.
Al-Insijam Baina Al-‘Urf Wa Al- Sharī‘ah Al-Islāmiyyah fi Taqlīd Ngarunghal Bi-Majalengka
Authors: Taufiki Muhammad , Badriyah Badriyah
Published: July 2021

Harmonization of shari’a and tradition which are two different legal entities is highly to look forward. Especially in Indonesia as a plural legal country that has a diversity of tribes, tradition and cultures. This paper tries to describe one of the harmonization of Islamic law and tradition that occur in Majalengka using qualitative research methods with the Islamic law approach that occurs in ngarunghal tradition, including the pelangkah present. The harmonization of the differences between tradition and shari’a can be a new configuration that can continue to be preserved in Indonesia. The research data was obtained from interviews and previous researches. The results of this research show that shari’a accepts the wealth of indigenous entities, and also the tradition accepts the principle of Islam as an effort to reconstruct traditions in line with shari’a. Abstrak:Harmonisasi hukum Islam dan  adat yang merupakan dua entitas hukum berbeda sangat dinantikan, terutama di Indonesia sebagai negara hukum plural yang memiliki keberagaman suku bangsan, adat,  dan budaya. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan harmonisasi hukum Islam  dan adat  yang terjadi di wilayah Majalengka, Jawa Barat. Dengan  menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dan  pendekatan kajian hukum Islam, penelitian ini mengungkapkan rangkaian adat ngarunghal, termasuk di dalamnya pemberian pelangkah. Data penelitian diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dan penelitian-penelitian terdahulu. Hasil  penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hukum Islam menerima kekayaan entitas adat, dan adat juga menerima prinsip Islam sebagai upaya rekonstruksi adat sejalan dengan ajaran Islam. Hasil harmonisasi dari perbedaan kedua entitas dalam permasalahan tersebut dapat menjadi bentuk kekayaan Islam Indonesia yang dapat terus dilestarikan.
The Language of Fatwa: Understanding Linguistic Violence in The Indonesian Ulama Council’s Fatwa on Ahmadiyah
Authors: Alnizar Fariz , Ma'ruf Amir , Manshur Fadlil Munawwar
Published: July 2021

This study aims to reveal the linguistic violence in The Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI) fatwa text on Ahmadiyah. Some words contain linguistic violence such as “deviant”, “infidel”, and “a state threaten”. The data in this study are in the form of words, phrases, sentences, and discourses that come from the MUI fatwa texts in 1980 and 2005 on Ahmadiyah. This study concludes two forms of linguistic violence in those fatwa’s, namely violence in the subtle form and the abusive form. In the subtle form of linguistic violence, language is operated to dominate other parties. Meanwhile, language is used as an offensive expression carried out consciously in a discourse in the abusive form.  Language is used to attack other parties, such as labeling a heretical. Language is also used as a tool to hurt others.Abstrak:Penelitian ini bertujuan  mengungkap kekerasan linguistik dalam teks fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) tentang Ahmadiyah. Dalam teks tersebut terdapat kata-kata yang mengandung unsur kekerasan linguistik seperti “sesat menyesatkan”, “berada di luar Islam” dan “bahaya bagi ketertiban dan keamanan negara.” Data dalam penelitian ini berupa kata, frasa, kalimat, dan wacana yang berasal dari teks fatwa MUI tahun 1980 dan 2005 tentang Ahmadiyah tersebut. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat dua bentuk kekerasan linguistik pada kedua fatwa tentang Ahmadiyah tersebut. Pertama, kekerasan linguistik bentuk halus (subtle form). Kedua, kekerasan linguistik bentuk kasar (abusive form). Pada kekerasan linguistik bentuk halus (subtle form), bahasa dioperasikan sebagai wahana untuk mendominasi pihak lain. Sementara pada kekerasan linguistik bentuk kasar (abusive form) bahasa digunakan sebagai ekspresi ofensif yang dilakukan secara sadar dalam sebuah wacana. Dalam kekerasan linguistik bentuk kasar, bahasa dimanfaatkan untuk menyerang pihak lain seperti memberi label sesat menyesatkan. Selain itu, bahasa juga digunakan sebagai sarana untuk menyakiti pihak lain.
An Analysis of Students’ Reading Interest during Learning From Home amidst the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Utami Sri , Nur Jumaidi
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to analyze students’ reading interest during the learning-from-home policy in the Covid-19 pandemic time, and it was conducted at the English Department of the University of Kutai Kartanegara in Tenggarong. This descriptive study employed a qualitative approach with a survey design that involved 79 students from the second, fourth, and sixth semesters as participants. The data were obtained through a questionnaire and interview, and they were then analyzed descriptively. Results of this study showed that during the learning-from-home policy students liked to read anything but lecture materials. They argued that reading was tedious and difficult. They preferred reading fiction to reading non-fiction and preferred reading online to reading offline. They read 15-30 minutes a day and only read 1-3 books within five months of learning from home. Their reading materials came from online and offline sources, from websites, and print books by using smartphones. The type of material that was mostly read was novels especially romantic ones. This study suggests that teachers should present lecture materials in such a way that students would be interested in reading them for certain reasons academically or personally.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis minat baca siswa selama belajar dari rumah pada waktu pandemi Covid-19, dan dilakukan di Jurusan Bahasa Inggris Universitas Kutai Kartanegara di Tenggarong. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan studi deskriptif jenis survei yang melibatkan 79 mahasiswa semester dua, empat, dan enam sebagai partisipan. Data diperoleh melalui angket dan wawancara, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabulasi frekuensi dan persentase, serta dalam bentuk naratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa suka membaca apa saja kecuali materi perkuliahan selama belajar dari rumah. Mereka berpendapat bahwa membaca itu membosankan dan sulit. Mereka lebih suka membaca fiksi daripada membaca non-fiksi dan lebih suka membaca online daripada membaca offline. Mereka membaca 15-30 menit sehari dan hanya membaca 1-3 buku dalam waktu lima bulan belajar dari rumah. Sumber bacaan mereka berasal dari online dan offline, dari Website dan buku cetak dengan menggunakan smartphone. Jenis materi yang paling banyak dibaca adalah novel terutama novel romance. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat berbagai alasan mengapa fenomena tersebut terjadi.
Enhancing ELT Classroom Using Moodle E-Learning During the Pandemic: Students’ and Teachers’ Voices
Authors: Ardinengtyas Arlischa , Himawan Arifin Nur
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTThe Covid-19 pandemic that started at the end of December 2019 has brought tremendous impacts on education in Indonesia and worldwide. Responding to this situation, the ministry of education appeals to some educational institutions to conduct online learning during the pandemic. SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Yogyakarta is one of the schools which consistently adhered to the regulation by maintaining the learning process through Moodle-based E-Learning. This phenomenological study is designed to explore students’ and teachers’ perceptions toward the implementation of Moodle E-Learning in ELT during the pandemic. The semi-structured interview was conducted to twenty students and three teachers to get the data based on their beliefs, perceptions, experiences, and perspectives toward the phenomenon. Results of this study show that the use of Moodle E-Learning brings benefits to the ELT Classroom. It builds students’ learning interest and contributes to the enhancement of technological and pedagogical aspects in ELT. Comprehensive material and learning sources are beneficial to expand students’ autonomous learning and problem-solving skills. Further, maximizing Moodle E-Learning features such as discussion forum and teleconference can bridge the demand of blended learning. Thus, Moodle E-Learning is a recommended platform for conducting online learning especially during the pandemic. ABSTRAKPenyakit pandemik (COVID-19) yang terjadi pada akhir Desember 2019 membawa dampak yang luar biasa bagi pendidikan Indonesia. Menaggapi situasi tersebut, Kementerian Pendidikan menghimbau beberapa institusi pendidikan untuk melakukan pembelajaran online selama pandemik terjadi. SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Yogyakarta merupakan salah satu sekolah yang konsisten menaati regulasi dengan tetap menjaga proses pembelajaran melalui Moodle E Learning Based. Penelitian ini dirancang di bawah studi fenomenologi untuk mengeksplorasi resepsi siswa dan guru terhadap penerapan Moodle E-Learning di ELT selama penyakit pandemi. Wawancara semiterstruktur di lakukan terhadap dua puluh siswa dan tiga guru untuk mendapatkan data yang tidak terbatas berdasarkan keyakinan resepsi, pengalaman, dan perspektif mereka terhadap fenomena tersebut. Penggunaan Moodle E-Learning membawa beberapa manfaat bagi kelas ELT. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukn bahwa penggunaan Moodle E-Learning meningkatkan minat belajar siswa. Selain itu memberikan konstribusi pada beberapa peningkatan aspek teknologi dan pedagogis di ELT. Materi yang komprehensif, dan sumber belajar bermanfaat untuk mengembangkan pembelajaran otonom siswa dan ketrampilan memecahkan masalah memaksimalkan fitur Moodle E-Learning seperti forum diskusi dan telekonferensi dapat menjembatani permintaan blended learning. Dengan demikian, Moodle E-Learning adalah platform yang direkomendasikan untuk melakukan pembelajaran online.
Antioxidant Activities and Profile of Amino Acid of Yoghurt from Beef Milk Fermentation with Dadih Starter
Authors: Chalid Sri Yadial , Kinasih Pratiwi Nur , Hatiningsih Fitriah , Rudiana Tarso
Published: July 2021

Dadih is naturally fermented buffalo milk in bamboo tubes and known to have antioxidant, antibacterial, and antihypertensive activity. Lactic acid bacteria in dadih can use as a starter to produce yogurt. The study aimed to produce yogurt of cow's milk with dadih as a starter, to determine the antioxidant activity and amino acid composition. Dadih is added with concentration variation of  2.5; 5; 7.5 and 10% (v/v) and it fermented for 48 hours at room temperature. Lactic acid bacteria cell counts of dadih were calculated by the total plate count method. Yogurt was tested by organoleptics with 33 panelists and proximate analysis water, ash, fat and protein contens based on the Association of Official Analytical Chemist (AOAC) in 2005. Antioxidant activities of yogurt were tested by DPPH method (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). Amino acid composition of yogurt was analyzed using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). The research result of amount of LAB on dadih are 1.01 x 1011 CFU/mL, has fulfilled the requirements of SNI 2981: 2009. Yogurt produced with the addition of dadih by 10% (v/v) is most accepted by panelists. The highest antioxidant activity was obtained by yogurt with 2.5% addition of dadih with IC50 value of 78.28 ppm. Yogurt almost contain all essential and non-essensial amino acids including tyrosine and phenylalanine as the antioxidants. Measurement of water, ash, protein and fat content in the sample meets the requirements of SNI 2981: 2009.
Kedudukan Kompilasi Hukum Islam Dalam Legalitas Pernikahan Di Indonesia
Authors: Putra Gilang Rizki Aji , Aji Ahmad Mukri
Published: July 2021

Islam is a religion of rahmatan lil'alamin, which is easy to adapt to grow in all places and times, such as in marriage. For ethnic groups who have customs and culture, marriage is a very important thing for humans in life which is carried out in an honorable ceremony. On the other hand, Islam also regulates marriage procedures that must be carried out by Muslims. Marriage is something that is very important in human life, therefore a marriage must be in accordance with religious provisions and statutory regulations so that the marriage gets legal certainty and protection. However, nowadays in society there is a tendency for marriage to be carried out in a sirri way, this tendency often occurs, especially for a man's second marriage or polygamy. This study wants to reveal the position of polygamous marriage in a family law perspective and reveal whether or not polygamous marriage is legal according to the UUUP and according to Islamic law.Keywords: Com Marriage, Law and AqadAbstrak:Islam is a religion of rahmatan lil'alamin, easy to adapt to growth and development wherever and whenever, such as in marriage. For people who have customs and culture, marriage is a very important thing in human life, and is carried out in a solemn ceremony. On the other hand, Islam also regulates marriage procedures that must be carried out by Muslims. Marriage is a very important thing in human life, so marriage must be in accordance with religious regulations and statutory regulations, so that marriage can be determined and protected by law. But nowadays society has a tendency to get married, and this tendency often occurs, especially for men with second marriages or polygamy. This study wants to reveal the position of polygamous marriages in a family law perspective and reveal whether or not polygamous marriages are legal according to UUUP and according to Islamic law.Kata Kunci: Pernikahan, Hukum, dan Aqad
Sanksi Pidana Bagi Koruptor Dalam Undang-Undang Tindak Pidana Korupsi Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam
Authors: Faray Muhammad Rizky
Published: July 2021

Perilaku korupsi akan menyebabkan munculnya kemiskinan dan kehancuran suatu bangsa, perilaku korupsi yang ditunjukan oleh para elit dan para pemimpin pada hakekatnya merupakan suatu bentuk pengkhianatan terhadap amanah dan kepercayaan yang telah diberikan. Memang bukan hal mudah untuk memberantas penyakit korupsi di negeri ini. Untuk dapat melakukan hal ini dibutuhkan komitmen yang kuat dan kerja keras dari seluruh komponen bangsa. Sudah bukan rahasia lagi bahwa mentalitas para pejabat negara di negeri-negeri yang penduduknya lebih banyak muslim, termasuk Indonesia, berada dalam kondisi memprihatinkan praktik-praktik korupsi, kolusi, risywah (suap), penipuan dan praktik sejenis lainnya berkembang luas bagai jamur yang tumbuh dimusim hujan. Ternyata aktor yang paling dominan dalam praktik tersebut adalah para penguasa dan pejabat negara yang merata dari pusat kekuasaan sampai tingkat paling rendah.
Promosi Inklusi Sosial di Indonesia; Studi Kasus Pada Organisasi Masyarakat Sipil di Kuningan Jawa Barat dan Bulukumba Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Ulfiah Ufi , Budiman Arip
Published: July 2021

This research aims to discuss the success of Lakpesdam PCNU Kuningan and Bulukumba community organizations in promoting and realizing an inclusive society. This research method applies qualitative type and content analysis. These results and discussions show how actors have a shared awareness to promote inclusive policy. The conclusion of this study is the success of community organizations Lakpesdam NU Kuningan and Bulukumba in encouraging inclusive policies, influenced by the skills of actors in inventorying the issues that are key to be invited to cooperate in encouraging the implementation of inclusive policies. The success of both organizations, due to political actors, received full support from religious actors. This study recommends that the paradigm of social inclusion can be a handle for policy makers in designing government development plans and strategy.keywords : Actors, Social Inclusion, policiesAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas keberhasilan ormas kemasyarakatan Lakpesdam PCNU Kuningan dan Bulukumba dalam mendorong dan mewujudkan masyarakat yang inklusif. Metode penelitian ini menerapkan jenis kualitatif dan analisis isi. Hasil dan pembahasan ini mengemukakan bagaimana aktor-aktor memiliki kesadaran bersama untuk mendorong kebijakan inklusif. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah Keberhasilan organisasi kemasyarakatan Lakpesdam NU Kuningan dan Bulukumba dalam mendorong kebijakan inklusif, dipengaruhi oleh keterampilan aktor-aktor dalam menginventarisir masalah yang menjadi kunci untuk bisa diajak kerja sama dalam mendorong implementasi kebijakan inklusif. Yang melatar belakangi keberhasilan kedua organisasi tersebut, karena aktor-aktor politik, mendapatkan dukungan yang penuh dari aktor agama. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan, agar paradigma inklusi sosial dapat menjadi pegangan untuk para pemangku kebijakan dalam merancang rencana dan strategi pembangunan pemerintahan.Kata Kunci: Aktor, Inklusi Sosial, kebijakan
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pemulia Varietas Tanaman (Petani) Pasca lahirnya Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2019 tentang Sistem Budi Daya Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Authors: Ihsan Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Pemuliaan tanaman menghasilkan sebuah varietas baru tanaman merupakan salah satu bagian dari Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HKI) yang kemudian diatur sesuai dengan ketentuan akan hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia yang bertitik tolak dari ketentuan GATT/TRIPs. Kemudian bagaimana upaya yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Republik Indonesia guna melindungi hak-hak yang di miliki oleh Petani Kecil, lebih lanjut kita juga dapat melihat bagaimana pengaturan yang dilakukan oleh aturan hukum internasional guna melindungi Kepentingan Petani Kecil.Kata kunci : Perlindungan Hukum, Pemuliaan Varietas Tanaman, Pemuliaan, Petani Plant breeding to produce a new variety of plants is one part of the Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) which is regulated in accordance with the applicable legal provisions in Indonesia which start from the provisions of GATT / TRIPs. Then how are the efforts made by the Government of the Republic of Indonesia to protect the rights of Smallholders. Furthermore, we can also see how the arrangements are made by international legal rules to protect the Interests of Smallholders.Keywords: Legal Protection, Plant Variety Breeding, Breeding, Farmers
Chemical Literacy Skill of High School Students on the Solution Chemistry
Authors: Prasemmi Senna , Rahayu Sri , Fajaroh Fauziatul , Almuntasheri Saeed
Published: July 2021

This research aimed to develop a multiple-choice chemical literacy test on solution chemistry as an instrument that specifically focuses on learners' knowledge and competency aspects; applying the test instrument by surveying 12th-grade high school students. The development of the test instrument adapted the R&D model by Borg and Gall. The Cronbach's Alpha reliability of the test was obtained after small-scale and wide-scale trials are 0.793 and 0.833, respectively, with 35 valid items. Data were collected using random cluster sampling with a total of 463 respondents. The result shows that the mean score of chemical literacy for the students in this study is 46.27. This indicated that the students' level of chemical literacy is low, and further improvement is required.
Students Learning Outcomes and Internalization Islamic Values in Buffer Solution Concept through Online Learning
Authors: Heliawati Leny , Permanasari Anna , Sundari Uun
Published: July 2021

This study analyses students learning outcomes and internalization of Islamic values in buffer solutions through online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study was conducted to find effective strategies in achieving students’ competence and Islamic values. This research is a quasi-experimental study conducted on 100 tenth-grade students using The One Group Pretest-Posttest model. The results showed students learning outcomes obtain an N-Gain value of 0.72 (high category). The internalization of Islamic values for three aspects: praying, blessing, and study hard determined the average above 3 (often do). Thus, the research concludes that online learning conducted on buffer materials is effective in mastering the content and internalization of Islamic values.
“Distant” Communication: Transformation of Interaction Between Russian Society and Authorities in the Era of the Global Pandemic
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Pankratov Sergey , Morozov Sergey
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The article is devoted to the identification and analysis of the dominant trends in the transformation of forms and technologies of communication used by the government and Russian society institutions in the context of the COVID-19 spread. The attention is focused on the characteristics of socio-political factors that determine the level of trust/distrust of citizens and representatives of various social groups to intentions and actions of the authorities and administration at the federal, regional and municipal levels in the Russian Federation to overcome the consequences of the global pandemic in the process of communication. Methods. The communicative practices of public and civil institutions are revealed in the context of interpreting the specifics of the existing public space and public policy of modern Russia. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research are the political-communicative and action-activist approaches, the spatial dimension of political processes principles, which make it possible to rely on the systemic vision of the information and discursive, practical and management elements of the multidimensional concept of public policy. The work uses the methods of political comparative studies, forecasting, interpretation of empirical data obtained by leading Russian and foreign research centers, as well as by the authors in the framework of their grant research. Results. An attempt was made to conduct political analysis of the dominant negative and positive factors revealing the specifics of the COVID-19 spread in the Russian Federation from the point of view of the everyday practices of modern Russian society and the consolidated institutional system of public administration. The authors trace the link between the situation of uncertainty resulting from the spread of the global threat, the desire to ensure international and national security, as well as the transformation of forms and technologies of communication between citizens, public institutions, the state. The real and potential resources of communication between society and the authorities for building an effective system to minimize the negative consequences of the pandemic for representatives of various socio-demographic, professional, and status-role groups, that are included in the structures of discussion, decision-making and implementation, are highlighted. The results of theoretical and empirical studies revealing a public opinion on the impact of COVID-19 on the socio-political process in modern Russia are interpreted. Discussion. The question of the forms and technologies of communication between the actors of modern public policy in the significant decisions making process in the context of strengthening destructive factors and the institutionalization of a “riskgenerating” society remains poorly studied.
The Idea of the Ural Republic During the State Transformation of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Osipov Igor
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The phenomenon of the Ural Republic in the context of the Russian Federation federal model of state structure formation in 1993 is studied. The process of the Russian federalism model development at this stage was complicated by a whole complex of problems and contradictions. The movement of the regional authorities in the Sverdlovsk region to create the Ural Republic in the context of the Russian post-Soviet model of the Federal structure is considered. Methods and materials. The archival materials of the Presidential Executive Office of Russia and state authorities of the Sverdlovsk region are the key sources of the research. The main group of materials for the article preparation consists of analytical notes reflecting the views of the current authorities on the nature of the state-territorial structure and fixing the expert and analytical view of the higher state authorities on the developing processes dynamics and the risks associated with them. Analysis. The process of the Ural Republic creation consisting of several stages is analyzed: forming an idea and holding a regional survey on equalizing the powers of the region with the republics; an attempt to offer its views on the federal structure at the Constitutional Assembly and to implement its achievements into the draft Constitution of the Russian Federation; the announcement of the Ural Republic creation by the leadership of the Sverdlovsk region, the establishment and protection of its position; abolition of the Ural Republic. Results. The Ural Republic phenomenon had some influence on the constitutional project development, but its elimination prevented not only the risks of so-called regional separatism, but also a potentially large state transformation, which consisted in the emergence of more independent regions, the formation of a new regional policy.
Spatial Features of Electoral Conformism in Russia in the 2000s
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Krishtal Mihail
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The focus of the article is on identifying spatial patterns of the conformist voting results in the federal elections of Russia in the 2000s. The relevance is due to the fact that against the background of growing social tension in the country there is a territorial and meaningful localization of the protest. Therefore, the analysis of the election results acts as a mechanism for assessing socio-political and protest sentiments in the regions. Methods and materials. The methodological basis of the study was the sociological and rationalinstrumental approach, according to which voters vote based on their social affiliation and assessments of economic well-being. Analysis. The main research methods were statistical analysis methods. Through the use of Pearson’s correlation analysis method, the influence of factors on voting was revealed. Calculations of variation coefficients made it possible to analyze the dynamics of electoral behavior for stability in the regions. Based on calculations of average values of loyalty ratios, regions were grouped according to the specifics of electoral behavior. Results. It was revealed that there is a significant negative correlation between the share of the Russian population, the level of urbanization and the results of conformist voting. In the recent federal elections, the influence of these factors is weakening, which is associated with the process of nationalization of the party system of Russia. The grouping of regions according to the specifics of the voting demonstrated the presence of moderate electoral nonconformism in almost all subjects of Siberia and the Far East, which creates the prerequisites for fixing the “eastern belt” of protest sentiments. A similar specificity was revealed in two capitals, a number of regions with a low quality of life index in the central and northwestern part of Russia, the exclave Kaliningrad region, the economically depressed Kurgan region, as well as in the Volgograd and Kirov regions. The highest level of electoral conformism is recorded mainly in regions with a high degree of authoritarianism regimes. An analysis of the voting dynamics showed that in the regions in which large-scale protests took place in recent years, during the period before them, stable nonconformist sentiments in the elections formed.
Aglomerações Industriais como Focos de Políticas
Authors: SUZIGAN WILSON
Published: July 2021

RESUMO Este artigo, escrito para um discurso, está dividido em duas partes. A primeira parte revisa a literatura sobre clustering industrial, com foco nas implicações políticas. Argumenta que a complexidade teórica, que dificulta a formalização do assunto, e a falta de trabalho empírico não autorizam argumentos simplistas a favor ou contra intervenções políticas. Por essas razões, as implicações políticas ainda não são totalmente exploradas na literatura. A segunda parte do artigo sugere uma agenda de pesquisa para o estudo de aglomerados industriais no Brasil, incluindo a produção de evidências estatísticas, trabalho empírico e estudos de caso como base para a elaboração de diretrizes de políticas.
Introdução: Debates, Desempenho e as Políticas de Escolha Política
Authors: WISE CAROL
Published: July 2021

RESUMO Apesar da ampla adoção de reformas de mercado na América Latina na última década, ainda não há consenso sobre o tipo de regime cambial que melhor complementaria um modelo econômico liberal. Embora tenha havido uma mudança distinta de taxas fixas para taxas flutuantes desde a crise do peso mexicano de 1994, a evidência empírica é ambivalente quando se trata de medir o sucesso das políticas em qualquer regime. À luz dessa ambivalência empírica, este artigo introdutório argumenta que uma linha de pesquisa mais frutífera reside na compreensão das lições de economia política que podem ser obtidas do ponto de vista do gerenciamento da taxa de câmbio. Isso implica, em primeiro lugar, um exame das pressões conflitantes que interesses especiais exercem sobre os oficiais de política para manter a taxa de câmbio em um determinado nível; e segundo, requer análise dos mecanismos institucionais mais amplos através dos quais a política monetária é mediada. O artigo sugere que o “sucesso” ou “fracasso” das políticas pode depender tanto da tenacidade e da política dos formuladores de políticas quanto dos aspectos técnicos da formulação de políticas macroeconômicas.
A quebra do peso mexicano: causas, consequências e recuperação
Authors: KESSLER TIMOTHY
Published: July 2021

RESUMO Este artigo traça as maneiras pelas quais fatores políticos, econômicos, domésticos e internacionais convergiram para provocar uma enorme crise financeira no México em 1994/5, bem como as consequências dessa crise para futuros esforços de reforma. O autor argumenta que a manutenção de uma taxa de câmbio supervalorizada antes da crise permitiu ao partido PRI apelar para uma ampla gama de interesses domésticos. Os investidores internacionais, que detinham sem precedentes US$ 34 bilhões em ações mexicanas em 1994, foram igualmente inflexíveis na defesa da taxa de câmbio ancorada. No entanto, ao tentar apaziguar interesses nacionais e estrangeiros, o governo Salinas perdeu o controle dos fundamentos macroeconômicos. Enquanto a combinação de um empréstimo multilateral maciço e a mudança para uma taxa de câmbio flutuante abriram o caminho para a rápida recuperação econômica do México, o principal legado da crise foi o fim político do PRI. Embora a liberalização política certamente não fizesse parte do plano original do PRI, graças a seus próprios imprudentes erros políticos, o principal legado da crise do peso foi o advento de políticas mais abertas no México. Por esse motivo, a política de formulação de políticas econômicas sob o novo governo Fox pode não estar tão bem organizada quanto estava com o PRI, mas já existem sinais sem precedentes de debate, prestação de contas e compromisso.
Aspectos espacial e temporal e fatores associados à interiorização da Covid-19 em Pernambuco, Brasil
Authors: Quinino Louisiana Regadas de Macedo , Vasconcellos Flávia Helena Manhães , Diniz Isabel Soares , Aguiar Lucilene Rafael , Ramos Yasmim Talita de Moraes , Bastiani Fernanda De
Published: July 2021

Resumo Análise espacial e temporal da interiorização da Covid-19 em Pernambuco, considerando-se os fatores socioeconômicos correlacionados. Estudo ecológico, março a junho de 2020. Geraram-se mapas a partir do coeficiente de incidência por município de residência para determinar a dinâmica espacial da Covid-19. Estudou-se a correlação entre indicadores socioeconômicos e o coeficiente nas regiões metropolitana do Recife (RMR) e interior. Suavizou-se este coeficiente e calculou-se o teste de Moran global. Os primeiros casos foram registrados em Recife e arredores. O caminho para a autoctonia se deu em municípios vizinhos e naqueles supridos por grandes rodovias. A maior incidência na RMR (640,22/100.000 hab) correlacionou-se à maior população e densidade demográfica e menor taxa de urbanização e IDH-M. No interior a incidência (361,29/100.000 hab) esteve correlacionada à maior população, densidade demográfica e taxa de urbanização, e menor área (p<0,05). As áreas de maior risco concentraram-se na RMR, mas o interior apresentou áreas de transição, indicando tendência à interiorização (p<0,05). Ter ciência do padrão de distribuição espacial da Covid-19, aliada aos fatores associados poderão contribuir para maior efetividade das ações de controle.
Long-acting insulin in a public health system: analysis of compliance with clinical protocol in public pharmacies
Authors: Andrade Tadeu Uggere de , Moreira Fabrício Soares , Cassaro Karla Oliveira dos Santos , Cruz Manuela Martins , Brasil Girlandia Alexandre , Lima Ewelyne Miranda de , Lenz Dominik , Endringer Denise Coutinho
Published: July 2021

Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease marked by elevated blood glucose levels. Controlling DM involves adequate diet, physical exercises, medicines and monitoring the blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. This was a retrospective study of the process of dispensing long-acting insulin analogues to users with diabetes (types 1 and 2) who were registered at high-cost public pharmacies in public health system in a southeast state of Brazil, that sought to evaluate the fulfillment of the criteria of all the clinical protocol to provide these analogs. Of the 987 users registered in the health service, 315 met the inclusion criteria for the study. The evaluation of the dispensing processes of the long-acting insulin analogues revealed that the inclusion, exclusion, and suspension criteria of the protocol related with these insulin analogues were in some extend only partially fulfilled. Additionally, there was no difference between the initial and final fasting glycemic and HbA1c levels. It is concluded that the established criteria for dispensing long-acting insulin analogues were partly fulfilled by pharmacies, compromising the rational use of these analogues. It can directly impact the cost of maintaining the public health service and users’ health.