bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of different extenders on the sperm motilityand viability of frozen Turkey semen
Authors: Kuzlu Mehmet K. , Taskin Atilla
Published: December 2016

This study was conducted to develop long-term storage methods for turkey semen using different extenders. During the study, the massage method was used twice a week to collect the semen from five turkeys, a total of 44 times. The collected fresh semen’s average ejaculate quantity, sperm concentration, motility and vitality values were determined as 0.22±0.01 ml, 3.5±0.17 x109 sp/ml, 77.0±1.44% and 86.2±0.95 % respectively. In this study, glucose (G) including 5% Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) cryoprotective, tris-glucose (TG), lactated Ringer’s (LR), and lactated Ringer’s glucose (LRG) extenders were used. The Turkey semen was combined and divided into four equal parts, and subsequently diluted at a ratio of 1:3 and equilibrated at +4°C for 90 minutes. Following equilibration, the samples were frozen in liquid nitrogen vapor to - 80°C for five minutes, and stored at -196°C in liquid nitrogen. After freezing and thawing, the highest motility value was obtained from the G extender (43.3% ±1.62%) followed by LRG (24.6±1.53%), LR (12.6±0.92%) and TG (12.2±0.66%). The vitality values were recorded as 55.8±1.89%, 23.8±1.58%, 21.5±1.10% and 36.5±1.59% respectively. The motility and vitality values were significantly (p less than 0.01) more for the glucose extender than those for other extenders. Therefore, it was concluded that glucose extender is better option for the long-term storage of Turkey semen.
Haematological values of apparently healthy indigenous goats in Malaysia: A comparative study
Authors: Muayad T.A. Mohammed , Haniza M.Z.H. , Husni I. , Tawang Alene
Published: December 2016

Objective of this study was to understand the changes that occur among several strains of goats in Malaysia by investigating the haematological values under the tropical climate to stand on the health level and immune system. Sixty adult goats were used. These goats comprised three indigenous breeds, namely, Kambing Katjang, Boer, and Jamnapari. Blood samples (n=618) were withdrawn for every 2 weeks. Complete blood picture was determined immediately after collection. ANOVA, (P less than 0.05), was used to analyze data for the effects of sex and breed. Several of the analyzed parameters seem to be affected at the sex and breed.
Micro mineral distribution on fiber fraction of feeds
Authors: Kujur Anjila S.T. , Mani Veena , Parihar Deepti Singh , Gupta Shiva , R. Dhinesh Kumar , Kumari Anjali
Published: December 2016

This study was conducted to evaluate the concentration of micro minerals (Zn, Fe, Mn, Co and Cu) of feeds and their distribution in fiber fractions (Neutral Detergent Fiber/NDF and Acid Detergent Fiber/ADF). Three species of common feeds namely ground nut cake (Arachis hypogaea), mustard cake (Brassica juncea), soybean meal (Glycine max), were collected. Micro minerals concentration in the feed samples and fiber fractions were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma Optical Emission Spectrophotometer (ICP-OES) Icap 6000 Series. The results showed that micro minerals concentration of feed and their distribution in fiber fraction varied among species. The concentration of all the minerals in feed was above the critical level. Distribution of micro minerals in NDF and ADF were also estimated. Iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc(Zn), in feeds were the highest elements associated in NDF and ADF, while the lowest was found in cobalt (Co) and manganese(Mn).
Occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility ofbacterial agents of canine pyometra
Authors: Hamidi Afrim , Sylejmani Driton , Robaj Avni
Published: December 2016

The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of pyometra in bitches and isolation of bacteria involved and determination of their antimicrobial susceptibility. For this purpose from March 2013 to February 2015, 230 bitches of different breeds and ages have been examined. Diagnosis was based on anamnesis, clinical signs, hematology, radiography and ultrasound. The isolation and identification of bacteria in pyometra was carried out using ISO-methods and the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates using the disk diffusion method. Canine pyometra was found more in bitches between 9-12 years old 10 cases (52.63%), and the most common dog affected breeds were small female dogs breed. The most common isolated pathogens from canine pyometra were; Escherichia coli (63.1%), Streptococcus pyogenes., (15.8%), Staphylococcus intermedius., (10.5%) and, Pseudomonas aeruginosa., (5.3%). Regarding AMR (antimicrobial resistance) Penicilin G and Ampicillin showed a very high resistance, indicating for acquired resistance due to improper und uncontrolled use.
Pharmacokinetics of lincomycin following intravenousadministration in febrile goats
Authors: Sharma Meemansha , Dumka Vinod Kumar
Published: December 2016

Disposition of antimicrobials is known to be altered during disease conditions and fever is one of the common manifestations of bacterial infections in animals. The disposition of lincomycin (10 mg/kg, IV) during Echerichia coli endotoxin-induced fever in goats followed two compartment open model and drug was detected in plasma up to 8 h. The high AUC (39.5±6.21 mg.h/mL) indicated good antibacterial activity of lincomycin in goats. The volume of distribution and total body clearance were 3.35±0.45 L/kg and 0.28±0.03 L/h/kg, respectively. The long elimination half life 9.93± 2.83 h indicated persistence of drug for longer period in body. Lincomycin, is suggested to be repeated at 24 h interval for organisms sensitive to lincomycin having MIC up to 0.6 µg/mL for the treatment of bacterial infections manifested with fever in goats.
Evaluation of aspirin (ASA) in broiler chicken during hot dry summer using zoo technical, molecular and physio-biochemical tools
Authors: Rokade J.J. , Bhanja S.K. , Shinde A.S. , Darshana Sajjad, , Bhaisare B. , Mandal A. B.
Published: December 2016

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of aspirin as anti-heat stressor. Broiler chicks were reared on a standard diet up to 14 days of age. Thereafter, the chicks were randomly distributed into three dietary treatment groups viz., T1 (Control group: Standard diet), T2 (Standard diet with aspirin@250 mg/kg) and T3 (Standard diet with aspirin@500 mg/kg). Each treatment was having five replicates of eight birds per replicate. Experiment was carried out during hot-dry (April-May, 30.0±0.70 to 37.0±1.40C, Rh, %: 58.05±1.32 to 70.11±0.82) summer. Feed intake and live weight gain was comparable among the treatments but FCR, protein and energy efficiency improved significantly (P less than 0.001) on aspirin supplementation. The relative yield of thymus and bursa at 4th and 6th week of age improved significantly (P less than 0.05). The percentage of protein, aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) increased significantly (P less than 0.001) due to aspirin supplementation at 4th as well as 6th week of age. While H:L ratio, serum corticosteron and serum cholesterol (only at 42nd day of age) decreased significantly (P less than 0.001) in aspirin supplemented groups at 28th as well as 42nd day of age. Supplementation of aspirin at 500 mg/kg reduced relative expression of HSP70 in jejunum tissues during 28th or 42nd day of age. It can be concluded that aspirin supplementation 500 mg/kg in diet of heat stressed broilers improved performance as well as welfare..
Influences of integrated use of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on growth, flowering and yield of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) cv. Bonneville
Authors: Pawar Yogesh , Varma L. R. , Verma P. , Joshi H. N. , More S. G. , Dabhi J. S.
Published: December 2016

An experiment was conducted to examine the response of four different organic manures viz. farmyard manure, vermicompost, castor cake and poultry manure as a source of nitrogen with or without chemical fertilizers, phosphorus and potassium and biofertilizer i.e. PSB in a randomized block design with three replications during the rabi season of the year 2012 and 2013. The results revealed that, the significantly highest vine length at 60 (86, 84 and 85 cm) and 90 DAS (117, 120 and 119 cm) was recorded with T15 (Recommended dose of N as Vermicompost + P and K + PSB) during the year 2012, 2013 and in pooled analysis, respectively. The significantly early flowering (58.6, 59.3 and 59.0 days), maximum number of pods per plant (7.4, 7.7 and 7.5) and highest weight of pod (7.3, 7.0 and 7.1 g), maximum yield of pods per plot (5.3, 5.1 and 5.2 kg) and yield of pods per hectare (137.9 q, 134.9 q and 136.4 q) was recorded with T18 (Recommended dose of N as Poultry Manure + P and K + PSB) during the year 2012, 2013 and in pooled analysis, respectively.
Conversation Analysis Of Indonesia Lawyers Club Talk Show Episode “Negara Paceklik, Perokok Dicekik?”
Authors: Runtiko Agus Ganjar
Published: December 2016

This study aims is to identifying the structure of conversation and application of cooperative principle as a prerequisite for good conversation in the discussion on Indonesia Lawyers Club (ILC) talk show episode "Negara Paceklik, Perokok Dicekik?" Which aired on August 23, 2016 at TVOne. The data analyzed by using conversation principles as suggested by D. Hymes in the ethnography of speaking, and cooperative principles as suggested by H.P. Grice. This research reveals that as a live broadcast event, ILC talk show episode "Negara Paceklik, Perokok Dicekik?" has form a good structure and meet SPEAKING scheme. However, in terms of the cooperative principle, ILC talk show still needs an evaluation. This study confirms Garfinkel concepts about creativity of human actors, who in the context of ILC conversation are modifying goals, rules, structure and style, also effects of the discussion according to his interests.
Perancangan Infrastruktur Teknologi Informasi Adaptif Pada Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional
Authors: Hernikawati Dewi , Andriariza Ambhita Sukma Yan , Indrawati Nur , Razila Ningsih Yulia
Published: December 2016

Design an adaptive IT infrastructure in BATAN is needed to solve problems related to research and partnerships, which is the main function of BATAN. This research uses TOGAF ADM framework. Result of this research is a design of an adaptive IT infrastructureat BATAN. The results of research, there are fives applications were retained and fives applications were replaced. There are additional applications and infrastructure: SIPO, SIKO, and SOAP.
Komunikasi Interpersonal Pasangan Suami Istri Melalui Taaruf Online Dating
Authors: Supratman Lucy Pujasari , Mardianti Permata
Published: December 2016

The development of social networking has revealed new opportunities for all varieties of internet sites that offer online dating services/online dating . One of them is the site of rumahtaaruf.com. During the process of matchmaking in rumahtaaruf.com., each candidate areis accompanied by a mediator who acts as an intermediary for both parties. Their role are job of mediator is to regulate and monitor the way of taaruf based on Islamic shari'a. This study focuses on the motive that underlying the attitudes of women and men who chosen spouses under the site services of rumahtaaruf.com. This study used a qualitative method with phenomenological approach. The data were obtained through interviews and observations. The informants were couples who have been married once brought together by Rrumahtaaruf.com administrator. The results showed that the motive prospective couples to choose rumahtaaruf.com was based on education, age, occupation , physical attraction, response of family and culture.
Kemampuan Presentasi Dalam Memasarkan Produk Usaha
Authors: Hamdan Yusuf , Ratnasari Anne
Published: December 2016

One aspect of supporting the advancement of the business including the ability of employers to present products or services offered, as potential consumers to feel confident to buy or use the product or service. This study aimed to analyze the preparation of the presentation, the presentation of the message presentation and supporting elements presentations to market the business. Qualitative research methods used in this study with data analysis techniques in the form of case studies. The informants were women entrepreneurs officials Indonesian Business Women Association (IWAPI), West Java. This study found the presenter presenting business products through the preparation, presentation of the message, and the presentation of the supporting elements. Preparation presentation presenter recovered had to prepare a presentation in writing or spontaneously, to make headlines. At the presentation of the message consists of an introductory presentation, content, and conclusions. Presenter maintains visual contact with the audience, using the motion of the body (face and hands), in addition to the process of presenting the message presentation using word articulation orderly and clear. Meanwhile, at the close of the presentation, the presenter concluded overview presentation and encouraged the audience to buy or use the product business has to offer. In the presentation supporting elements, the study found the presenter using the product or service demonstrations, customer testimonials and involves the use of video and images in the presentation.
A culpabilidade penal a partir da filosofia da linguagem do círculo de Bakhtin
Authors: Florêncio Filho Marco Aurélio Pinto
Published: December 2016

No Brasil, vigora em matéria penal o princípio de política legislativa de que todos devem conhecer a lei. Esse princípio está em desconformidade com o modelo de Estado Democrático de Direito e, consequentemente, com o Direito Penal da culpabilidade. Presumir que todos devam conhecer a lei é admitir, mesmo que minimamente, a responsabilidade penal objetiva, pois não se afere, no caso concreto, o verdadeiro conhecimento da lei penal pelo indivíduo. A aproximação entre a filosofia da linguagem do Círculo de Bakhtin e a dogmática penal resultou na formação de uma culpabilidade arquitetônica, na qual os elementos imputabilidade, exigibilidade de conduta conforme o Direito e consciência de ilicitude estejam ligados de tal forma que não se pode conceber um sem o outro.
Debates para além do processo a partir do novo Código de Processo Civil
Authors: Minami Marcos Youji
Published: December 2016

O presente artigo tem como objetivo expor alguns acontecimentos relacionados ao novo Código de Processo Civil para, a partir deles, analisar como os agentes do Direito estão lidando com os diversos desafios quando querem efetivar acesso à justiça para todos. Em um segundo momento, o estudo verifica se as contradições da modernidade observadas na sociedade pelo sociólogo Alain Touraine na obra Crítica da Modernidade também ocorrem na esfera jurídica, e se as soluções que ele apresentou servem ao Direito. Para o desenvolvimento do artigo, apresentaram-se notícias de órgãos oficiais e de veículos de grande repercussão, abrangendo desde o período do início dos trabalhos da comissão de juristas responsável pela elaboração do Código até os últimos fatos ligados ao tema. A pesquisa bibliográfica também não foi desprezada.
Physico-Chemcial Parameters of Puducherry Soil and the Associated Mycoflora
Authors: Arun N. , Nayak B. K.
Published: December 2016

The rhizosphere region is rich with the plenty of microorganisms. It may be either pathogenic or non-pathogenic to the plants and animals. Fungi were the ubiquitous organisms present in all types of habitats (Ainsworth  et al., 1995).They play a vital role in conversion of waste and degradation (Diana 1994).. There were the previous researchers so far explained more than million fungal species on earth (Barnett et al., 1972). The physcio-chemical parameter was also analyzed. The soil samples were serially diluted and inocualted on the SDA plates. The different species belongs to various groups of fungi such as Ascomycotina, Zygomycotina and Deuteromycotina were identified with the help of relevant literatures. A total of -- taxa belonging to -- genera were isolated, these include one species of Acomycetes, one species of Coelomycetes five species of Zygomycetes and remaining species were Deuteromycetes. Penicillium and species of Aspergillus were also recorded from samples. Basidiomycetes were also identified.  The macro nutrients such as N, P and K content were not rich in the samples. There is no proper record so far regarding the fungal in these soil areas along with the soil nutrients. The present study is mainly focused on the mycoflora present in the rhizosphere regions of three different soil of puducherry region based on the macro and micronutrients present in the soil.
An Approach towards the Determination of Alkalinity in Water, Its Experimental Consideration & Comparison with Traditional Method: An Overview
Authors: Sharma Harshit , Saxena Richa
Published: December 2016

Alkalinity is equal to the stoichiometric sum of the bases in solution therefore it includes all the acid neutralizing bases in water namely OHˉ, CO3²ˉ & HCO3ˉ ions. In the natural environment carbonate alkalinity tends to make up most of the total alkalinity due to the common occurrence and dissolution of carbonate rocks and presence of CO2 in the atmosphere. Alkalinity varies with the location Acid-base titration is performed for their estimation but the theoretical determination for the type and extent of these ions is tedious process through traditional formulas known to us, (Volume of acid used up till Phenolphthalein & Methyl orange end point). Here in this paper we are trying to simplify the method and reporting the direct determination of the extent of ions by simple calculation without using the formulas for specific ions under different conditions of alkalinity. Thus a comparative aspect of this approach with traditional method will be covered by us in this paper.
Smart Phones are a Potential Tool for Successful Business: A Literature Review
Authors: Agarwal Satish , Bhagoliwal Priyanka
Published: December 2016

Smart phones have become a mandatory device to carry now a days. People of all age groups, business category, service class, house wives, students etc need a Smartphone so as to carry their daily routines. From morning alarm to evening engagements, they keep everything in their mobile phone. Meetings, conferences, birthdays and anniversaries, the ‘to do list’, appointments, emails, documents, notes etc are remembered with the help of a Smartphone. And most importantly, people also carry their mobile charger or a power bank with them. If they do not carry a charger and their mobile phone shows the message that the battery is about to die, it seems as if they do not have enough oxygen to breathe properly. Even in businesses, be it a small scale or a large scale business, Smartphones are used to conduct transactions, video conferencing, conferencing calls, Emails, etc. The paper aims at reviewing the literature on the potential of a Smartphone to make a business successful. It describes how carrying a Smartphone to the work place provides a sense of satisfaction and motivation among the employees.
Investigation of Growth, Free Amino Acids, and Carbohydrate Concentration in the Roots of Perennial Ryegrass in Response to Soil Salinity at Subsurface Soil Depths
Authors: Zhao Zhuangjun , Gitau Margaret Mukami , Hu Tao , Xie Yan , Hu Longxing , Fu Jinmin
Published: December 2016

Plants growing in salt-affected soils may have retarded growth and inhibited or altered metabolic processes. This study aims at investigating the impact of subsurface soil salinity on root growth and metabolic processes in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). The seeds of perennial ryegrass (cv. Quick Start II) were planted in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubes (10 cm diameter × 42 cm long) for 2 months. The experiment consisted of three treatments: 1) control, 40 cm filled with sand–peat mixture (7 sand : 3 peat wt/wt); 2) T20, a 20-cm-deep layer of saline soil covered with a 20-cm-deep layer of sand–peat mixture; and 3) T30, a 30-cm-deep layer of saline soil covered with a 10-cm-deep layer of sand–peat mixture. Our study showed that soil salinity at the subsurface inhibited the growth of perennial ryegrass roots. Compared with the control, the root activity in saline soil layer decreased, whereas it remained high in the mixture-soil zone. The content of amino acids in the roots obtained from the surface soil (0–10 cm) in T30 was greater than that in both the T20 and the control regimes. The content of soluble sugars in the roots went up with the decrease of the depth of sand–peat mixture. The increased root activity and free amino acids content in the roots sampled from the upper soil layers coupled with the increased soluble sugars in the roots subjected to soil salinity stress in the bottom soil layer represents some adaptive responses and regulative mechanisms in perennial ryegrass.
Apple Pollen Tube Growth Rates Are Regulated by Parentage and Environment
Authors: DeLong Candace N. , Yoder Keith S. , Combs Leon , Veilleux Richard E. , Peck Gregory M.
Published: December 2016

A greater understanding of apple (Malus ×domestica) pollen tube growth rates can improve crop load management in commercial orchards. Specifically, applications of caustic bloom-thinning chemicals need to occur when enough, but not too many, flowers have been fertilized to achieve crop load densities that balance yields with marketable fruit sizes. In this study, the pollen tube growth rates of five crabapple (Malus sp.) cultivars were measured in the styles of three maternal cultivars at 12, 18, 24, and 30 °C after 24 hours in a growth chamber. Pollen tube growth rates were greatest for ‘Selkirk’ and ‘Thunderchild’ at 12 °C, and greatest for ‘Indian Summer’, ‘Selkirk’, and ‘Thunderchild’ at 24 °C. Pollen tube growth increased with increasing temperatures until 24 °C. There were minimal pollen tube growth rate increases between 24 and 30 °C. Overall, ‘Snowdrift’ had the slowest pollen tube growth rate of the five evaluated crabapple genotypes. At 24 and 30 °C, ‘Indian Summer’ and ‘Thunderchild’ pollen tubes reached the base of the style most frequently, and ‘Snowdrift’ pollen tubes the least frequently. Pollen tube growth rate was also influenced by the maternal cultivar, with Golden Delicious having relatively faster pollen tube growth than Fuji at 24 and 30 °C. Interactions among paternal and maternal genotypes as well as temperature after pollination reveal complex biological and environmental relationships that can be used to develop more precise crop load management strategies for apple orchards.
Differences in Pathogenicity, Genetic Variability and Cultivar Responses among Isolates of Fusarium oxysporum from Strawberry in Australia
Authors: Paynter Michelle L. , Czislowski Elizabeth , Herrington Mark E. , Aitken Elizabeth A.B.
Published: December 2016

Variation in the virulence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae (Fof) strains is important when evaluating the resistance of plants to this fungus. Twenty-five isolates of F. oxysporum harvested from strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa) plants growing in Australia were characterized using pathogenicity tests, vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs), and genetic analysis of translation elongation factor 1 alpha (EF-1α). The level of disease varied depending on isolate used, indicating heterogeneous populations of Fof. Two distinct VCGs were identified and corresponded to two of the 10 lineages identified by partial EF-1α. Using a subset of Fof isolates, resistance in eight cultivars ranged from highly resistant to highly susceptible, with some cultivar × isolate interaction. ‘Strawberry Festival’, ‘QHI Sugarbaby’, and ‘DPI Rubygem’ had high levels of resistance across all isolates. Isolates from Western Australia (WA) were genetically distinct from those from Queensland (QLD) and were more virulent to ‘Camarosa’, a major cultivar grown in WA.
Effects of Abscisic Acid on Capsanthin Levels in Pepper Fruit
Authors: Tian Shi-Lin , Li Li , Tian Yue-Qin , Shah S.N.M. , Gong Zhen-Hui
Published: December 2016

Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important plant hormone that plays an important role in stress responses. Previous studies have suggested that ABA can also accelerate ripening in climacteric and nonclimacteric fruit. Capsanthin is a carotenoid that confers red coloration to mature pepper (Capsicum annuum) fruit. However, the effect of ABA on capsanthin accumulation in pepper fruit has not been thoroughly studied. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the effects of ABA treatment on capsanthin accumulation in pepper fruit and on the expression of key genes involved in the capsanthin biosynthetic pathway. For this purpose, we treated pepper fruit with ABA at green mature stage. Our results indicate that ABA treatment increased capsanthin content in pepper fruit, with the best result obtained with 150 mg·L−1 ABA solution. Application of exogenous ABA also increased the expression levels of the capsanthin synthesis genes phytoene synthase (Psy), lycopene β-cyclase (Lcyb), β-carotene hydroxylase (Crtz), and capsanthin/capsorubin synthase (Ccs), likely explaining the significant capsanthin content increase in pepper fruit.
EXPERIENCIANDO VIVÊNCIAS DA FORMAÇÃO MULTIPROFISSIONAL EM EDUCAÇÃO PERMANENTE EM SAÚDE
Authors: Signor Eduarda , Picon Fernanda Hampe , Da Silva Luiz Anildo Anacleto , Weiller Teresinha Heck
Published: December 2016

Este estudo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência sob a perspectiva discente realizada durante o curso de especialização em Formação Multiprofissional em Educação Permanente em Saúde disponibilizada pelo Ministério da Saúde, em Parceria com a Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. O curso ocorreu com momentos de Educação a Distância (EAD), com participação na Plataforma de Aprendizagem OTICS. Para comunicação entre os participantes, tem-se disponível ferramentas de fóruns, diário cartográfico e caixa de afecções. Foram realizados 5 encontros presenciais elencadas conforme necessidade dos discentes. O grupo é composto por sete alunos do curso de especialização e um do curso de aperfeiçoamento, além de uma tutora. A partir das experiências vivenciadas no decorrer do processo de aprendizagem do curso, é relatado os conhecimentos adquiridos e experiências vivenciadas e apresentadas pela turma que agregou conhecimentos mais amplos acerca do processo de trabalho específico de cada profissional.
POTENCIAIS INTERAÇÕES MEDICAMENTOSAS EM PRESCRIÇÕES ORIUNDAS DO HOSPITAL MUNICIPAL E PRONTO SOCORRO DE BARRA DO GARÇAS/MT
Authors: Afiune Luana Alves de Freitas , David Flávia Lúcia , Almeida Carmen Lucia De Oliveira de , Afiune Elton Jorge Sena , Alves Aurea Damaceno
Published: December 2016

A farmacoterapia é amplamente utilizada no tratamento de patologias, sendo responsável pela melhoria da qualidade e expectativa de vida da população, porém, a ocorrência de interações medicamentosas (IM) é recorrente e tem comprometido os resultados da terapia medicamentosa. Este trabalho objetivou detectar e analisar a ocorrência de potenciais IM em prescrições de pacientes atendidos no Hospital Municipal e Pronto Socorro de Barra do Garças/MT. A amostra estudada compreendeu 220 prescrições sendo 90 dos setores de pronto atendimento e 130 da enfermaria. As potenciais IM foram classificadas de acordo com a severidade, baseando-se no banco de dados MICROMEDEX® Thomson Midromedex® Health Series e no Guia de Interações Medicamentosas da Universidade Federal de Goiás, em maior (2,44%), moderada (76,83%) e menor (20,73%). Este estudo revelou um alto índice de potenciais IM sendo 19 (21,11%) encontradas nas prescrições dos setores de pronto atendimento e 63 (48,46%) na enfermaria. Constatou-se que quanto maior o número de medicamentos prescritos, maior a possibilidade de ocorrer IM que podem comprometer a segurança do paciente. Assim, fica evidente a relevância do tema e a necessidade de se avaliar e monitorar a terapêutica medicamentosa, no sentido de prevenir e diminuir efeitos adversos resultando em tratamentos mais efetivos, menor número possível de complicações, menor tempo de internação e consequente diminuição dos custos na rede pública de saúde.
SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT EM PROFISSIONAIS DA ÁREA DA SAÚDE ATUANTES EM DOIS MUNICÍPIOS DO INTERIOR DE MINAS GERAIS - BRASIL
Authors: Carvalho Daiany De , Silva Natália , Bachur José Alexandre , Mesquita Juliana Luzia França , França-Botelho Aline Do Carmo
Published: December 2016

Burnout é uma síndrome psicológica resultante de estressores interpessoais crônicos no trabalho e caracteriza-se por: Exaustão Emocional, Despersonalização e Diminuição do Envolvimento Pessoal no Trabalho. Os profissionais de saúde têm sido destacados como muito vulneráveis ao Burnout, pois estão expostos diariamente a um ambiente de trabalho propício, lidam com doenças, sofrimento e morte. O objetivo do estudo foi verificar se há Burnout em profissionais da área da saúde atuantes em duas cidades do interior de Minas Gerais, Araxá e Santa Juliana. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo, de natureza quantitativa, exploratória, transversal, realizada com 75 profissionais. Foi utilizado o Inventário de Maslach para o Burnout – para Pesquisa em Serviços de Saúde (Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey - MBI HSS). As médias globais da amostra foram: 20,2%, 6,8% e 34,7%, para Exaustão Emocional, Despersonalização e Diminuição da Realização Pessoal, respectivamente. Esses percentuais são classificados como níveis médios de Burnout em todas as dimensões. Quanto a análise individual, observou-se um nível alto nas três dimensões simultaneamente em 6,7% (5 voluntários) da amostra. A presença de pelo menos uma dimensão em nível alto foi encontrada em 62,5% (47 voluntários). Os resultados indicam a presença de Burnout na amostra, o que pode comprometer a saúde e qualidade de vida, bem como, ter repercussões negativas no desempenho profissional desses profissionais.
O ENFERMEIRO DA ESTRATÉGIA DE SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA COMO PROMOTOR DO ALEITAMENTO MATERNO
Authors: Rocha Francisca Alanny Araújo , Junior Antonio Rodrigues Ferreira , Menezes Júnior Carlos César , Rodrigues Maria Eunice Nogueira Galeno
Published: December 2016

Objetivo: Este artigo analisa as ações de promoção de saúde voltadas para o Aleitamento Materno Exclusivo (AME) realizado por enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF), no ano de 2015. Método: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, exploratório descritivo, realizado com oito enfermeiros atuantes na atenção básica de município de pequeno porte no norte do Estado do Ceará. A coleta das informações ocorreu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada individual realizadas nas unidades básicas de saúde, bem como observação participante, ocorrida durante as consultas de puericultura e registradas em diário de campo pelo pesquisador. A análise de conteúdo foi utilizada para a discussão dos resultados e gerou as seguintes categorias: O diálogo é fundamental; Visita domiciliar: espaço de orientação; AME como método de planejamento familiar; Práticas de promoção da saúde e incentivo ao aleitamento materno. Os preceitos éticos foram seguidos. Resultados: A ESF se configura como ambiente propício a promoção da saúde na área do AME. Neste âmbito, o enfermeiro inserido na atenção básica apresenta características que potencializam seu trabalho de orientação e acompanhamento de mães e bebês durante este processo. Conclusões: Percebeu-se que é essencial a atuação dos enfermeiros na promoção da saúde relacionada ao aleitamento materno e também a importância da atenção básica como ambiente propiciador destas ações. No entanto, este profissional deve ter seu papel ampliado na promoção do aleitamento, com o intuito de melhorar os indicadores da área e otimizar a qualidade de vida das pessoas sob sua responsabilidade.
EFEITOS DOS MÉTODOS PIRÂMIDE CRESCENTE E DECRESCENTE NO NÚMERO DE REPETIÇÕES DO TREINAMENTO DE FORÇA EM MULHERES JOVENS
Authors: Assunção Lucas Vieira , Rodrigues Júnior Jefferson Fernando Coelho , Nunes Igor Ferreira , Orsano Vânia Silva Macedo
Published: December 2016

Introdução: O Treinamento de Força (TF) vem sendo muito utilizado em função dos benefícios proporcionados aos praticantes, além de apresentarem uma variedade de métodos com diferentes finalidades. Objetivo: Comparar o efeito dos métodos pirâmide crescente e decrescente sobre o número total de repetições máximas (RM) produzidas em três séries no exercício flexora sentada em uma sessão de treinamento de força (TF). Metodologia: Participaram 10 mulheres jovens (24,5 ± 8,5 anos; 53,9 ± 14,1 Kg; 158 ± 7 cm), com prática em TF de no mínimo seis meses. Os dados foram obtidos em quatro dias não consecutivos ao longo de duas semanas: Para a pirâmide crescente foram adotadas três séries com intensidades de 70%, 80% e 90% da carga de 1RM, e para a pirâmide decrescente a ordem das intensidades foi inversa, sendo o intervalo entre as séries de três minutos. Para analisar a diferença entre os métodos utilizou-se o teste t student com critério de significância de 5%. Resultados: Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre o número total de RM realizadas nos dois protocolos experimentais, no entanto para as intensidades de 90% e 80% foram realizadas um maior número de RM no protocolo de pirâmide decrescente. Já na pirâmide crescente houve maior número de RM na intensidade de 70% em relação à mesma intensidade no método pirâmide decrescente. Conclusão: O método pirâmide decrescente seria proveitoso para adaptação na transição de treinos tensionais para metabólicos e quando o treino for com aumento progressivo de volume da carga, a pirâmide crescente se fez mais eficaz.
ATENÇÃO QUALIFICADA AO PRÉ-NATAL E PUERPÉRIO: UMA INTERVENÇÃO EM SERVIÇO NA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Vargas Paula Lamperth , Casarin Sidneia Tessmer , Amestoy Simone Coelho , Nomiyama Seiko , Ceolin Teila , Bandeira Andrea Gonçalves
Published: December 2016

Objetivo: objetivou avaliar a experiência do desenvolvimento de um projeto de intervenção para a qualificação da assistência à gestante e à puérpera em uma unidade básica de saúde de um município do interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Métodos: Durante 16 semanas, entre os meses de março a junho de 2012, implantaram-se ações direcionadas à organização e gestão do serviço, ao monitoramento e avaliação, à qualificação da prática clínica e ao engajamento público. Resultados: foram atendidas 21 mulheres (gestantes e puérperas), obtendo-se 100% da cobertura de atendimento e 100% de adesão antes dos 120 dias de gravidez, assim como a qualificação da prática clínica e ampliação das atividades de promoção da saúde e dos registros de atendimento. Conclusão: entende-se que a experiência foi significativa, pois contribuiu para melhorar a organização do serviço e o alcance de resultados efetivos relacionados à assistência ao pré-natal e puerpério.
ALTERAÇÕES ALIMENTARES E PONDERAIS DOS USUÁRIOS COM DEPRESSÃO DE UM CAPS DO NOROESTE GAÚCHO
Authors: Peixoto Nilce Coelho , Favaretto Alana Cristina
Published: December 2016

O presente trabalho foi realizado com a finalidade de identificar mudanças de hábitos alimentares e de peso corporal relacionados à síndrome depressiva. O estudo foi desenvolvido através de entrevistas individuais, compostas por 17 perguntas, com pacientes em tratamento para a depressão frequentadoras de um Centro de Apoio Psicossocial de um município no noroeste do RS. Após a manifestação da doença, muitos abandonaram o hábito de ingerir alimentos saudáveis, aderiram ao consumo de doces, realizam poucas refeições diariamente e relataram alteração no peso corporal. Grande parte assumiu que frutas e verduras não fazem parte da sua dieta sistematicamente. Os fármacos mais utilizados são os ansiolíticos/hipnóticos e os antidepressivos ISCS. O ganho de peso pode estar relacionado ao consumo exagerado de alimentos hipercalóricos e à orexia. Já a perda de peso, à sonolência consequente ao uso de hipnótico/sedativo, menor tempo em atividade, e ao pequeno número de refeições feitas. A partir deste estudo podemos afirmar que o público acometido de síndrome depressiva em tratamento neste centro deste município, é, na sua imensa maioria, de mulheres. Há mudanças em relação à alimentação e peso nestes pacientes. No entanto, estas alterações são bastante distintas de um indivíduo para o outro: pode ser a diminuição do peso, que pode acarretar em subnutrição/desnutrição, ou o aumento do peso, que pode ocasionar sobrepeso/obesidade, causadores de inúmeras outras doenças crônicas.
ANÁLISE DA ALIMENTAÇÃO OFERECIDA PARA CRIANÇAS EM UMA CRECHE MUNICIPAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Bezerra Aline Sobreira , Coradi Fernanda De Bona
Published: December 2016

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as refeições servidas às crianças de sete meses (7) a cinco (5) anos de idade, matriculadas em uma creche municipal do Rio Grande do Sul, tendo como foco as necessidades nutricionais de acordo com a faixa etária e o nível de aceitação do cardápio oferecido. Trabalhou-se com o cardápio servido durante a semana e o porcionamento para cada faixa etária. Como referência para avaliar a oferta de nutrientes às crianças, utilizou-se as recomendações de macro e micronutrientes do Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento da Educação (FNDE). Os resultados demonstraram que para os alunos do berçário houve deficiência de vitamina A e de sódio, para o maternal houve deficiência de vitamina A e de cálcio e para os pré-escolares houve deficiência na maior parte dos nutrientes ofertados no cardápio, exceto para proteína, vitamina C e ferro. A inadequação dos cardápios propostos pode ser justificada pelo planejamento incorreto, tanto do ponto de vista dos alimentos escolhidos quanto pelo dimensionamento das quantidades ofertadas e pela ausência de fichas técnicas e treinamento para os manipuladores.
OS EFEITOS DOS EXERCÍCIOS FÍSICOS NA CAPACIDADE FUNCIONAL DE PACIENTES SUBMETIDAS À MASTECTOMIA: UMA REVISÃO LITERÁRIA
Authors: Gomes Tiago José Nardi , Antunes Vivian Da Pieve , Mezzomo Natália Fernandes , Castagna Leticia , Costa Patrícia De Moraes
Published: December 2016

O câncer de mama é uma doença estigmatizada que amedronta as mulheres.  A cirurgia de câncer de mama está ligada a alterações, sequelas e complicações em até 70% das mulheres acometidas, afetando sua qualidade de vida, apresentando após a cirurgia dificuldades em realizar suas atividades de vida diária. Na tentativa de minimizar os agravos físicos, psicológicos e sociais pós tratamento do câncer existem várias práticas complementares e auxiliares ao tratamento do câncer, dentre essas enfatizamos a prática da atividade física que repercute em benefícios diretos, aumentando a capacidade funcional. Este estudo visou abordar a importância do exercício físico em pacientes com câncer de mama que realizaram mastectomia e demonstrar seus benefícios. Realizou-se revisão de literatura através de bases de dados eletrônicas Lilacs, PEDro, Scielo, Bireme e PubMed. Vários estudos comprovam a importância do exercício para a melhora da capacidade funcional e qualidade de vida e salientam que para que apresentem o efeito desejado deve ser realizado de forma regular e constante e com acompanhamento profissional. Alguns autores citam fatores que dificultam a realização dos exercícios para estas pacientes, como a falta de tempo, efeitos colaterais do tratamento, desanimo, entre outros. Essa revisão concluiu que os exercícios físicos quando realizados de maneira correta e acompanhados de um profissional conferiram efeitos positivos aos pacientes abordados, mas, no entanto, ainda não fazem parte da rotina de muitos pacientes, justificando a necessidade de divulgação e maiores estudos sobre o tema.
Relaciones tróficas de dos lagunas en áreas de rehabilitación dentro del complejo carbonífero del Cerrejon, La Guajira – Colombia
Authors: Barros-Maestre Ana Milena , Granados-Martínez Cristian
Published: December 2016

Para determinar las relaciones tróficas que se dan en dos ecosistemas acuáticos artificiales, lagunas El Cisne y El Muerto, pertenecientes a zonas de rehabilitación de tierras dentro del complejo carbonífero de El Cerrejón. Para la construcción de las redes tróficas se aplicaron diferentes metodologías para cada componente biológico (fitoplancton, zooplancton, macrófitas, macroinvertebrados, peces, reptiles y aves). Los muestreos se realizaron cada quince días durante dos épocas climáticas (lluvias y sequía). Para determinar los hábitos alimenticios y los gremios tróficos, se utilizó información secundaria en la mayoría de los grupos biológicos, exceptuado a los macroinvertebrados, a los cuales se les analizó el tracto digestivo. Basado en matrices binarias (presencia / ausencia de conexiones), se construyeron las redes tróficas utilizando un modelo estático. Como resultados se establecieron cuatro categorías tróficas en las dos lagunas, las cuales incluyen: omnívoros, depredadores, herbívoros y detritívoros. Entre los principales atributos se resaltan, el número de eslabones que fue de 134 y 226, para las lagunas El Cisne y El Muerto respectivamente, mientras que los valores de conectancia fueron muy cercanos, con 0,23 para El Cisne y 0,22 para El Muerto. El valor de la conectancia registrado en este trabajo fue alto en contraste con otros trabajos realizados en lagunas naturales. Este trabajo es el primero que describe las relaciones tróficas en lagunas artificiales en el Caribe colombiano y servirá como ayuda al conocimiento de las relaciones tróficas de sistemas influenciados por minería.
Consideraciones para la aplicación del método hidráulico R2CROSS para estimar caudales ecológicos en Colombia
Authors: Gallo-Vélez David
Published: December 2016

Colombia es un país privilegiado en cuanto a la oferta hídrica, sin embargo la mayor parte de ésta, que se encuentra en zonas poco pobladas y la fracción de agua superficial, disponible para las áreas de mayor concentración poblacional, se ve afectada por la sobreexplotación y la contaminación de los ríos. Por esta razón, se sugiere la estimación del caudal ecológico como un instrumento para el manejo de las cuencas del país. Dentro de este trabajo de revisión bibliográfica se presentan los principales conceptos asociados al caudal ecológico, las diferentes metodologías utilizadas para su estimación y se analizan los antecedentes en Colombia. Posteriormente, se hace énfasis en el método hidráulico R2CROSS, se mencionan sus bases teóricas y se muestra el caso de estudio de los ríos Assabet y Charles en Massachusetts (Estado Unidos). A partir de allí, se hizo un comparativo con las condiciones locales para definir las ventajas y desventajas de la aplicación de este método en Colombia. Algunas de las ventajas identificadas fueron la relación costo-beneficio, el poco tiempo requerido para su aplicación, la obtención de resultados similares a los de métodos más complejos como el de la Instream Flow Incremental Methodology (IFIM) y la conveniencia para usarlo en lugares con información hidrológica incompleta. Por otro lado, dentro de sus desventajas se encuentra un mayor costo que los métodos hidrológicos, los sesgos derivados de suponer que a partir de los parámetros hidráulicos se pueden determinar las condiciones óptimas para todas las especies del ecosistema acuático y rivereño y finalmente, su precisión que depende de una correcta elección de la sección del río.
The Use of LASER and its Further Development in Varying Aspects of Surgery
Authors: Jordan DJ , Mafi P , Mafi R , Malahias M , El Gawad A
Published: December 2016

Lasers are now common place in day to day life and have been used across the sciences since their description as far back as 1917. Initially met with some sceptism, their use in medicine and in particular the surgical specialty has only increased. Their use in the future is also likely to expand as we continue to improve their efficiency and technology surrounding them.

This review aims to introduce lasers to the novice. The topic of lasers is vast and complex, but we aim to give enough information for the reader to understand how lasers are designed, how they were created, as well as a summary of their current use in medicine.
The Use of Robotic Assisted Surgery; the Current and Future Challenges
Authors: Mafi Reza , Mafi Pouya , Malahias Marco
Published: December 2016

Background:

Living with robots has always been regarded as a science fiction theme, however due to rapid advances in technology it is becoming more of a reality. The use of robots in surgery dates back to more than 25 years, and has previously been of great assistance to humans in the fields of Aeronautics and Armed forces. An evolutionary step was made after collaboration between the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and the Stanford Research Institute in the field of robotic-assisted surgery. Thereafter, more surgical specialties incorporated this technology in surgical procedures. The objective of this article is to review different applications, challenges, and the future of robotic surgery.

Methods:

We have used a systematic approach to look at the most relevant published articles regarding robotic-assisted surgery. This review has taken 26 articles into consideration that have met the inclusion criteria of using of robotic- assisted technology in surgical procedures.

Conclusion:

Robotic surgery is being used in numerous surgical fields such as pediatrics, urology, cardiovascular surgery, gynecology, otolaryngology, general surgery and orthopedics. It has resulted in a reduction in length of stay, post-operative complication and scarring. However, for achieving optimal outcomes, further development in improving the sensory feedback and reducing the lag time during the transmission of long-range telesurgery is required.
Teaching Anatomy; Dissecting its Delivery in Medical Education
Authors: Jordan DJ , Griffin M , Phillips B , Hindocha S , Elgawad A
Published: December 2016

Anatomy has long been a topic of interest amongst both those in medicine and those not. The understanding of biology, in terms of the function and structure of the organs and other structures of the body, has dramatically changed over time, and has been closely related to both scientific improvement and religious feeling.

There is no doubt that gross anatomy is one of the preclinical cornerstones of medical education, but the way in which it has been taught has changed over the years. As early as the 16thcentury, Vesalius stated that anatomy could only be taught by dissection, however, alternative options for cadaveric study are certainly more available now than when this statement was made.

Current teaching methods incorporate the tried and tested cadaveric based dissection, but has more recently been super ceded by the use of computer based imaging and the change to self-orientated or problem based learning. The shift towards the latter has led to a perceived suffering to the gain of anatomical and pathological knowledge of new doctors and surgeons.

This paper aims to describe the history of anatomy teaching and review the current evidence for and against the current methods used for its deliverance.
Highly Cross-linked Polyethylene Liner Dissociation from a Cement-less Modular Acetabular Shell: Two Case Reports
Authors: Kawano Shunsuke , Sonohata Motoki , Kitajima Masaru , Mawatari Masaaki
Published: December 2016

Liner dissociation of polyethylene from a cementless acetabular socket following total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a rare complication. Cross-linked polyethylene liner dissociation from AMS-HA shell (KYOCERA Med, Osaka, Japan) occurred in 2 out of the 4153 (0.04%) cases approximately 10 years after undergoing surgery at our institute. First case was an 80-year-old female who underwent right THA along with subtrochanteric femoral shortening osteotomy due to complete dislocation hip, and second case was a 72-year-old male, who underwent right THA due to coxarthrosis. A 26 mm femoral head and CPE liner were used in both cases and the inclination degree of the acetabular socket was within 50Â°.There was no implant loosening in both cases. There was partial damage in the elevated rim on the alternative side and scratches on the back side in the both extracted CPE liner. It was surmised that liner dissociation was caused due to a problem in the liner fixing format of the push in type of the present model.