bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Land Use Land Cover Changes on Ecosystem Service Values: Implication for Landscape Management
Authors: Mersha Engdaye , Degefa Sileshi , Argaw Mekuria , Mengist Wondimagegn
Published: December 2024

Globally growing human activity has had an enormous effect on natural ecosystems and the services they provide. Estimating the effects of land use and land cover (LULC) on ecosystem service values (ESVs) is crucial for determining how land use changes affect human well-being. To ensure long-term sustainability of the ecosystems, considering the trade-offs and synergies between ecosystem services, tracking changes in ecosystem services, and implementing effective land use planning and conservation strategies, we can ensure the long-term sustainability. This study aimed to find out how ESV in the Borkena watershed of the Awash basin was impacted by LULC changes during the last three decades (1993–2023). The study quantifies the spatiotemporal variation of ESV of the Borkena watershed in relation with LULC changes. Six LULC types were identified using supervised image classification following maximum likelihood method in ArcGIS 10.8 environment. The ESV was estimated following benefit transfer methods based on the coefficients published by Costanza and his team in 2014. The results demonstrated that between 1993 and 2023, there was a continuous increase in the amount of land under cultivation and built-up area, as well as a decrease in the amount of forest and shrub land. The study shown that the significant expansion of cultivated land and built-up area and decreasing of forest and shrub land cover during 1993-2023 periods, has reduced the total ESV from US$ 640.74 in 1993 to US $603.52 in 2003 and US $607.05 in 2013 and US $625.45 in 2023. It is urgently necessary to take action to improve the sustainability of ecosystem service value at the landscape level with proper land management methods in light of the decline in both the total and individual ESV in the study area and period. The results of this study could be useful to raise public awareness of the state of ESV, landscape management and support policy-making processes.
Investigating Thermal Stability in Hyderabad City, India
Authors: Guha Subhanil , Govil Himanshu
Published: December 2024

Thermal environment and land use status are the two controlling factors for determining the ecological health of any urban area. The study aims to investigates the stability of the relationship between land surface temperature with normalized difference built-up index in Hyderabad City, India using eight Landsat 8 data of the summer season in 2023. The study applies Pearson’s method for determining the correlation coefficient of this relationship. The results represent a consistent nature of land surface temperature and normalized difference built-up index values in this summer season as the range of the mean (0.08 for normalized difference built-up index and 6.78 oC for land surface temperature) and standard deviation (0.02 for normalized difference built-up index and 0.79 for land surface temperature) values of land surface temperature and normalized difference built-up index are significantly low. Land surface temperature and normalized difference built-up index values are very stable (correlation coefficient = > 0.63 for eight land surface temperature images and correlation coefficient = > 0.50 for eight normalized difference built-up index images). Moreover, normalized difference built-up index also built a stable strong positive relationship (average correlation coefficient =0.64) with land surface temperature. The summer season affects the vegetation life of the city and influences the relationship between land surface temperature and normalized difference built-up index. Built-up surface leads to an increase in the value of land surface temperature and also regulates the values of normalized difference built-up index. The study is useful for stable urban environmental planning.
Predictors of survival and functioning of arteriovenous fistula in patients on hemodialysis during a one-year follow-up
Authors: Stolic Radojica V. , Milic Marija , Mitrovic Vekoslav , Mirovic Milica , Pesic Tatjana , Dugalic Kristina Z. , Zivic Jelena , Karanovic Andriana , Sipic Maja V. , Bulatovic Kristina , Milutinovic Suzana
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The mortality rate of hemodialysis patients is extremely high and it is significantly affected by vascular access dysfunction. Our research aimed to determine predictive parameters of arteriovenous fistula functioning and survival in a one-year follow-up period.

Methods: The research was organized as a prospective, one-year study, which included 120 dialysis patients who were followed for one year. We recorded the demographic and gender structure, clinical parameters, and laboratory findings significant for the survival and functioning of arteriovenous fistulas. Laboratory findings are presented as the mean values of the analysis at the beginning and the end of the one-year control period.

Results: Univariable regression analysis confirmed the predictive significance of anastomosis positioning, type of vascular access, length of hemodialysis treatment, hemoglobin, Kt/V index values, and creatinine concentration for one-year survival, but multivariable regression analysis confirmed predictive significance only for length of treatment. Univariable regression analysis revealed significant predictors of vascular access function for the length of hemodialysis treatment, diastolic blood pressure, leukocytes, platelets, hemoglobin, creation of an arteriovenous fistula by a nephrologist, starting hemodialysis with a fistula and not with a central venous catheter, multivariable regression analysis confirmed predictive significance for the length of dialysis treatment and creation of an arteriovenous fistula by a nephrologist.

Conclusion: A prognostically important parameter for the one-year survival of a patient on hemodialysis is the length of dialysis treatment. In contrast, predictive parameters for the functioning of an arteriovenous fistula are the length of dialysis and the creation of a fistula by a nephrologist.
Analog and Digital Poetry in the Context of Time
Authors: Sinelnikova L. N.
Published: December 2024

The article provides a review of the monograph Poetry in the digital age. In the artistic world of Valery Dudarev by M. A. Dudareva, D. A. Aripova and V. V. Nikitina (Moscow; St. Petersburg: Centre of Humanitarian Initiatives, 2024. – 116 p.). The researchers analyzed V. Dudarev’s poetics in cultural and philological aspects with an emphasis on the apophatic (transcendental, thanatological) properties of the organization of poetic texts. The book consists of an introduction, three collectively authored chapters, Natural Philosophy of Valery Dudarev, Dialogues with the Other, and Reverse Perspective, and a conclusion. Together they present an existing and eye-opening read on Russian poetry, with some poems analyzed through various lenses in several chapters of the book.  The ontological and hermeneutic approach provided a deep insight into the worldview, and particularly the poetics of V. Dudarev. To answer the questions stated in the introduction, the authors developed a system of terms interdisciplinary in nature in order to describe the poetics both from rational and intuitive perspectives. Valery Dudarev is a great Russian poet, and his works reflect and preserve the Russian cultural code. One of the major topics and sources of inspiration for the poet was Russian countryside, represented through villages, gardens, country roads, wells, chapels, etc. In the first chapter, the authors of the monograph show their readers the semantic reserves of V. Dudarev’s natural philosophy, manifested in the inseparability of the natural and the sacred. Concepts such as earth, sky, water, fire, air, wood, and Motherland are the basis of Dudarev’s poems. Through the presence in the natural world, V. Dudarev’s lyrical hero establishes semantic connections at deep level and forms new types of interdependence between the phenomenal (contemplative) and the noumenal (cognizable). The second chapter reveals that the features of Valery Dudarev’s dialogical self are determined through an existential reading of plot and figurative-linguistic connections with Pushkin, Lermontov, Mandelstam, Samoilov and many other poets. As a result, the apophatic reserve of Russian poetry was shown on significant empirical material. In the third chapter, the apophatic reserve of the analog poetry of the pre-digital era was presented using the example of vast empirical material. The authors of the monograph draw attention to the risks associated with digital poetry, in which a metaphysical view of the world is lost. On reading Poetry in the Digital Age, one not only gets to know Valery Dudarev as a poet and thinker, but also develops curiosity to learn more about his works and Russian poetry in general.
Tosaka Jun: Problems of Space and Time in the Philosophy of Everydayness
Authors: Karelova L. B.
Published: December 2024

The article is focused on the analysis of the theory of space and time by the Japanese neoMarxist philosopher Tosaka Jun. Tosaka was one of the first in his country to act as a critic of Western philosophy, whilst also being a follower of one of its directions. The relevance of studying this cultural phenomenon lies in the possibility of supplementing knowledge about Asian philosophies in the context of the ongoing pivot to the East. The empirical basis of the research was a series of Tosaka’s essays written in 1920-30s focused on the problems of space and time, as well as his monograph “Japanese Ideology.” The main methods used in the article were the methods of comparative analysis, discourse analysis, and (based on the analysis of concepts and terms) the techniques of logical and semantic reconstruction of the system of ideas associated with a particular problem. The author sets the goal of investigating the content and features of the interpretation of space and time in Japanese thought of the 20th century using the example of Tosaka’s philosophy in the context of discussing the role of everydayness as an epistemological basis for philosophical teachings. In this regard, the task of identifying the original solutions and approaches of the Japanese thinker was realized, allowing us to consider his legacy a significant part of the historical and cultural process, as well as to understand the significance of his philosophical ideas in modern discussions. Another important task of the study was to determine the paths of transfer and transformation of ideas, in particular, the refraction and critical rethinking of Western concepts in the Japanese intellectual space. As a result, for the first time in scientific literature, a detailed reconstruction of the problems of space and time, based on the entire body of Tosaka’s works is presented. The conclusion is substantiated that by introducing a number of concepts (everyday space, historical time, character, configuration, relevance, etc.) and rejecting traditional Marxist ideas about the linearity of time and the value approach to history, the Japanese philosopher rethought the Marxist philosophy of history from the position of his theory of everyday life and common sense, creating an original model of unequal cycles formed from within the historical whole and possessing internal completeness, and, thus, presented history as a non-linear and uneven process that has not only a temporal but also a spatial dimension.
Hanseatic City-States as actors of Proto-Paradiplomacy: Cultural Integrators of Economics, Politics and Law
Authors: Lebedeva O. V. , Bessonova M. M.
Published: December 2024

Stemming from the theory of paradiplomacy, the study investigates the topic of external contacts of quasi-states of the Hanseatic League as a special type of cultural and diplomatic activity. The relevance of this study is associated with the need for a more comprehensive description of the behavioral dynamics of such structures both today and in retrospect. The study attempts to identify the roots of the modern cultural phenomenon of paradiplomacy. To reach this goal it was necessary, firstly, to systematize modern theoretical approaches to paradiplomacy; secondly, to apply a theoretical framework to studying paradiplomacy on the example of the Hanseatic League; and thirdly, to find the correspondences and inconsistencies between this framework and the economic, political and legal practices of the Hanseatic League. The research materials are both theoretical works on paradiplomacy and historical documents concerning the activities of the Hanseatic League. It has been revealed that even though paradiplomacy is traditionally dated back to the globalization of the 1970s, some elements of paradiplomacy can be observed as early as in the Middle Ages. As a result of the study, it has been shown that external contacts of quasi-state formations of the Hanseatic League may be considered as prototypical paradiplomacy: the cities of the Hanseatic League were guided by the common Lübeck Law, which regulated, in particular, the external relations of the Hansa members and outlined the framework of proto-diplomatic cooperation; common economic interests pushed the Hanseatic cities to cooperate with the urban entities of Norway, England and Rus'. Based on the theory of the Canadian political scientist A. Lecourt, the authors conclude that all three levels of paradiplomatic activity were present in the Hansa. To substantiate the conclusion, it was proved that the first (economic) level is represented by actual economic interaction that underlay the existence of the Hanseatic League, as shown by the example of the connections between German cities and Novgorod. The second (cultural) level of paradiplomacy with cultural interaction as a strategy to increase the influence of city-states is represented by the so-called Hanseatic fairs. The third (political) level includes the provision by Lübeck of a fleet for the transport of the army of the Teutonic Order, land and sea military campaigns and the conclusion of the Stralsund Peace Treaty. The authors analyze the Hanseatic League office system in the context of the antennas theory of paradiplomatic interaction by J. Ciesielska-Kilkowska and T. Kamiński. At the same time, it demonstrates the limitations of the theoretical approaches used in relation to medieval city-states.
Linguocultural Studies of Popularity: Semantic Specificity of Lexicalization of the Concepts of Professional Demand and Success in the Russian Language
Authors: Bakirova K. S. , Bakirov R. A.
Published: December 2024

The study of the process of lexicalization of concepts is relevant in connection with the need to systematize knowledge about the development of language, taking into account the transformation and renewal of culturally specific concepts. This article aims to clarify the available data on the semantic field of the concept popularity in the given context. Achieving this goal requires, firstly, to establish a range of concepts that form the basis of the semantic field of popularity; secondly, turning to the history of the formation of the semantic certainty of this range of concepts; thirdly, analyzing the lexical meanings of these concepts using quantitative and qualitative methods, including the methods of corpus linguistics; fourthly, establishing the semantic relationships between these concepts, as well as the specifics of their ability to reflect the changes in the world of culture. The semantic specificity of concepts related to popularity in the prism of personal success is examined using specific examples related to the development of the Russian language. The materials of this study were original and translated works containing the lexical units in question. The authors (writers, scientists and philosophers) were selected due to their influence on the development of the concept of popularity in Russian culture. Special attention is given to the data from the National Corpus of the Russian Language. Using the methods of comparative analysis and contextual definition, as well as the analysis of dictionary definitions and contexts of their use. Concepts such as praise, admiration, reputation, fame, glory, celebrity and popularity were all considered. From the linguacultural point of view, a connection between such concepts as popularity and fame is established. A deeper linguistic analysis of the group of concepts under study reveals their characteristic semantic relations. In particular, vector semantic models confirm the close connections between the lemmas success, demand and recognition. In most cases, quasi-synonyms for popularity are fame and success. It is shown how the commercial aspects of these concepts are actualized in the journalistic field (using the example of the news corpus). As a result, it is suggested that the concept of popularity be considered as a complex name of this semantic field. This term names the cultural phenomenon of interest of a wide group of the population to an individual, who is in demand in a specific historical period. The authors conclude that in the information society, this phenomenon acquires features of manipulativeness, which opens up new facets of the concept of popularity.
Response Surface Methodology for Modelling and Optimizing Efficiency in Deep Well Pumping Systems
Authors: Orhan Nuri , Çavuşlar Murat , Solmaz Meki , Erdem Muhammet Emre
Published: December 2024

This study presents research on modelling the efficiency and flow rate of deep well pumping facilities using the response surface method, evaluating the models, and assessing optimization based on target flow rate. Regression and variance analysis techniques have been successfully employed to evaluate the relationship between input factors (input pressure and power drawn from the grid) and responses (system efficiency and flow rate). ANOVA analysis has been used to examine the effects of linear and quadratic terms, and the results have shown that pressure and power drawn from the grid have a significant effect on pump system efficiency. Additionally, the performance of the regression models has been evaluated using error metrics such as R2 value, RMSE, and MAPE. These values for the pumping facility system efficiency model were found to be 0.9993, 0.292%, and 0.71%, respectively, and for the flow rate model, they were 0.9997, 0.69 m3h-1, and 1.07%. The results obtained demonstrate that the model operates with high accuracy and explains a large part of the variance in the response variables. An optimization study was conducted to maximize pump system efficiency by maintaining the flow rate at a certain target value. According to the experimental results obtained, the target flow rate was predicted with an error rate of 1.49%, and the pump system efficiency was predicted with an error rate of 2.14%. This study highlights the effective use of various analytical and experimental methods to improve the efficiency of pump systems. Future researchers are encouraged to conduct similar analyses on a larger scale and under different operating conditions. Furthermore, evaluating different optimization strategies to improve the energy efficiency of pump systems, which can lead to significant energy savings in industrial applications, is recommended.
Effect of Thermal Manipulation During Embryogenesis on Pre and Post-Hatch Performance of Stored Hatching Eggs of Japanese Quails
Authors: Abdallah Nasir , Kursun Kadriye , Baylan Mikail
Published: December 2024

This research investigated the influence of high incubation temperature on hatching, and post-hatch characteristics of stored hatching eggs of Japanese quails. Hatching eggs of Japanese quails were stored for 7 days and incubated under two temperature conditions. The T1 group (control, 75 eggs) was subjected to a standard incubation temperature (37.5°C) while the T2 group (75 eggs) was exposed to a thermal manipulation protocol (of 38.5°C for 5 hours daily between embryonic days 5-15. The egg weight classification, chick weight, chick length, wing length, weekly body traits, body weight, total feed intake, and stress responses, weight of internal organs, whole carcass, breast, neck, wing, thigh, and neck did not significantly differ (P<0.05) between the incubation treatments. Hatchability was higher and early embryonic mortality was lower in T2 than in T1. Late embryonic mortality was lower in T1. Significantly (P≤ 0.05) higher pectoral muscle width at hatch and carcass yield/dressing percentage were observed in quails exposed to thermal manipulation protocol during embryogenesis. It was concluded that exposure of stored eggs to thermal manipulation protocol (of 38.5°C for 5 hours between embryonic days, ED 5-15, T2) during embryogenesis could enhance embryonic and growth traits, as well as carcass traits without any negative effect on stress indicators.
The Effects of DGATI-K232A Gene Polymorphisms on Milk Performance Traits in Simmental Cattle
Authors: Sönmez Zeynep , Ünal Hamiye , Kopuzlu Sinan
Published: December 2024

Growing world population, scientists aim to achieve high-yielding products by using new techniques and methods in the fields of food, agriculture, and livestock. The aim of this study is to identify the DGAT/K232A gene polymorphism for Enhancing Performance Characteristics in Simmental cattle and to use it in breeding programs. DGAT/K232A gene polymorphism was analyzed by RFLP method in 70 Simmental cattle using CfrI restriction enzyme. The frequency of the K allele was found 0.77, while A allele was 0.23. The distribution of DGAT1-K232A genotype frequencies in the breed was not balanced (p<0.05). No significant relationship was found between DGAT1/K232Agene polymorphisms and milk yield due to the small number of samples.
The Effects of Starvation Duration on the Growth Performance, Feed Cost, and Water Quality in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Baki Birol , Gökkurt Baki Oylum , Uzun Gören Gülşen
Published: December 2024

The present study investigated the effect of starvation periods on growth performance, feed cost, and water quality in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Two different starvation methods were implemented, with an average weight of 120.69±3.47g over a 45-day trial. Group D1 was subjected to a 1-day fasting/2-day feeding regimen, whereas Group D2 adopted a 2-day fasting/1-day feeding regimen. The control group (C) was fed twice daily to satiation. At the end of the trial, the average weight of the fish was 200.88±14.62g in the control group, 189.11±21.05g in Group D1, and 130.04±10.49g in Group D2. The specific growth rates were 1.13±0.08% (C), 1.00±0.05% (D1), and 0.17±0.06% (D2), respectively. Feed conversion ratios were 1.81±0.01 (C), 1.32±0.02 (D1), and 4.43±0.05 (D2), respectively. There were significant differences between the control group and Groups D1 and D2 in terms of dissolved oxygen (mg/L) and pH values of the water. Group D2 yielded lower feed costs due to reduced feed usage. The average weight gain analysis showed that the unit feed cost of Group D2 was 3.4-fold higher than that of Group D1 and 2.5-fold higher than that of the control group. The application of starvation periods in feeding common carp had significant effects on the growth, feed utilization, water quality, and feed cost.
St John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) in Broiler Nutrition
Authors: Işık Özgün , Atan Helin , Kırkpınar Figen , Avcı Ayşe Betül
Published: December 2024

Nowadays, the concept of sustainability is important in poultry meat production as in every field. The health status of the birds must be well-stated for sustainable broiler production. Considering that synthetics attract reactions and some of them are banned or limited, the use of natural feed additives for health protection has been the focus of research attention. St John’s wort is a plant that can positively affect the health of animals with bioactive components such as the hypericin it contains. St John’s wort or hypericum (Hypericum perforatum L.) has antiviral and antimicrobial effects in broilers and positively affects on blood biochemical parameters. This positive effect on health level also improves performance. The review aims to give information about St John’s wort and to examine a limited number of studies on their use in the diet of broilers.
Building Trust from Farm to Fork in Organic Agriculture: A Closer Look at Inspection and Certification Systems
Authors: Ataseven Yener , Demirdöğen Alper , Akyüz Mustafa
Published: December 2024

As the organic agriculture sector grows, the need for standards, inspection, and certification systems to ensure trust in organic products increases. Organic agriculture revolves around standards that determine the practices that farmers must follow. These standards also create a plan for inspection and certification systems. These systems are the cornerstone of ensuring reliability in the organic agriculture sector. This study has been prepared to evaluate the inspection and certification systems within the framework of the sense of trust, which is a critical issue in the organic agriculture sector from farm to fork. The focus of this framework is to ensure that inspection and certification systems keep the principles of organic agriculture intact from farm to fork. This is because these systems are necessary to build trust, access markets, increase consumer confidence and support fair and ethical practices in the sector. However, it is suggested that areas such as facilitating accessible inspection and certification for small-scale farmers, improving consumer education and promoting cooperation for global standards should be studied as potential areas.
Predict the Riverbank Erosion Susceptibility for the Ham Luong River Using the Logistic Regression Model
Authors: Van Binh Doan , Van Quyet Le , Tuan Luc Anh
Published: December 2024

Riverbank erosion, once considered an inevitable process, has emerged as a severe and unpredictable issue, exacerbated by climate change and human activities. The Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) has faced significant erosion, leading to considerable infrastructural damage and economic losses. This study aims to predict riverbank erosion susceptibility along the Ham Luong River using a logistic regression (LR) model for 100 riverbank locations, classified as eroded or stable, with twelve conditioning variables. The LR model achieved an overall accuracy (ACC) of 0.83 and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.86 through 15-fold cross-validation. Sensitivity analysis identified the bank slope, soil moisture, and bank height as key factors influencing erosion susceptibility. Probability analysis revealed that an increased bank slope may cause greater riverbank instability, whereas higher soil moisture levels may reduce erosion susceptibility. These findings highlight the importance of stabilizing bank slopes and maintaining soil moisture to mitigate the riverbank erosion susceptibility effectively, emphasizing the need for managing water levels in rivers and canals during the dry season as part of disaster risk management in the VMD.
Preparation and In-vitro Evaluation of Tizanidine Oral Film
Authors: Fadhel Ahmed Yousif
Published: December 2024

Fast-dissolving oral thin film is a novel and most advanced form of solid dosage form that dissolves or disintegrates in 1 minute when put in the mouth without water or chewing. Tizanidine hydrochloride is frequently used to treat back pain, multiple sclerosis, spastic diplegia, and specific spinal or central nervous system ailments and it was prepared as oral film for produce rapid therapeutics effect. Solvent casting was the procedure used to prepare the mouth-dissolving films. Eight formulas of the tizanidine were prepared by using different concentrations of HPMC E15 and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The effect of the type and concentration of the polymer was evaluated in all the formulations was evaluated for surface pH, weight uniformity, folding endurance, disintegration time, in-vitro dissolution studies. The formulation F2 was found to be an optimized formulation. It showed good results for all evaluation parameters such as weight variation 15.9±0.23 mg, surface pH 4.38, folding endurance 106, disintegration time 40 sec, and in-vitro dissolution study 100 % at the end of 4 min. From all of the observations can conclude that the formulation F2 shows better results.
Regional economic policy instruments towards changing the quality of institutions: theoretical approach to analysis and implementation in the Russian Far East
Authors: Feoktistova Kseniia Igorevna
Published: December 2024

To stimulate economic growth of the Russian Far East, in addition to "standard" regional policy instruments such as tax incentives, subsidies from the federal budget for infrastructure development, etc., also implement institutional programs. The aim is to change the rules and, consequently, patterns of economic agents’ behavior in the region. The result of such programmes should be to solve the demographic problem of RFE, as well as attracting private investment in the development of the region. The intermediate result of institutional development programs is a certain-way-defined stimulus to economic agents, which in turn is difficult to measure and not obvious. In this article the theoretical premises are formulated, which ensure the effectiveness of planning and management of regional economic policy instruments aimed at changing the quality of institutions of the periphery. An empirical example of such a tool is the program of simplified privatization of land – "Far Eastern hectare" launched in 2016 for development of the Russian Far East. On its basis, an analysis has been carried out to explain the detected program implementation patterns in accordance with the given theoretical concepts. The statistical analysis of intermediate results, as well as a series of previous qualitative studies by the author explain the regularity of implementation of the program in accordance with the given theoretical concepts. In particular, the importance of municipal interests as an institutional component ensuring effective reform. The relevance of institutional approach to management of defined type of development programs of peripheries was justified. The current approach, based on formal indicators (number of "hectares" granted), does not account for the institutional characteristics of the territory. These features are manifested in the distorted incentives not only of development participants, but of local performers.
Analysis of polymorphism of DNA microsatellite loci of false flax Camelina sativa
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Loginova E.D. , Ramazanova S.A. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops
Published: December 2024

False flax (Camelina sativa) is a dicotyledonous plant of the Brassicaceae family, native to southern Europe and south-west Asia. False flax requires less water and fertilizers and, unlike other crops, is resistant to pests and pathogens. False flax seed oil contains unsaturated fatty acids: linolenic, linoleic, oleic and eicosenoic acids, with a low content of erucic acid. It is used in the production of fodder, biodiesel, polymers, varnishes, paint oil and paints, in cosmetology and the food industry. For effective development of new varieties of false flax, it is necessary to study its genetic diversity using molecular genetic methods, including SSR-markers. Microsatellites are widely used in plant genome analysis. The aim of this work was to study the genetic diversity of winter and spring forms of false flax bred at V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops (VNIIMK) using new experimental SSR-markers. In this work, we studied 18 winter and spring varieties of winter and spring false flax from the VNIIMK collection and two samples of the variety Krepysh. Genetic diversity was studied using nine SSR-markers. PCR products were detected by capillary electrophoresis on a Nanofor-05 genetic analyzer. As a result, 42 alleles were detected, ranging from two to seven alleles per locus. The average effective number of alleles was 3.00. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) index was 0.66. Out of 20 genotypes, eight genotypes could not be distinguished by nine SSR-markers. To identify them, the number of SSR loci should be increased. Samples of the variety Krepysh differ in seven loci. The study showed genetic heterogeneity of four varieties of false flax. The study of intravarietal polymorphism in the false flax varieties bred at VNIIMK will be continued.
ПРОФИЛЬНОЕ РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ И ЗАПАСЫ ТЯЖЕЛЫХ МЕТАЛЛОВ В ПОЧВАХ РАЗНОГО ГЕНЕЗИСА НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ ГОРОДОВ ЗАПАДНОЙ ЧАСТИ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНО-ЧЕРНОЗЕМНОГО РЕГИОНА
Authors: Неведров Н.П.
Published: December 2024

Концентрационный подход к оценке загрязненности почв тяжелыми металлами (ТМ) ограничен анализом поверхностного 20-сантиметрового слоя почвы, что не может дать полного представления о химическом загрязнении почвы, особенно в условиях высокого уровня загрязнения, где ТМ могут подвергаться интенсивной латеральной миграции. В свою очередь, использование ресурсного подхода позволяет давать более точную оценку экологическому состоянию почв, характеризую всю почвенную толщу. Цель работы состояла в апробации ресурсного подхода к экологической оценке почв городов западной части Центрально-Черноземного региона (ЦЧР). Приведены данные о вертикальном распределении Pb, Cd, Zn и Cu в почвенных профилях доминирующих типов городских и нативных почв ЦЧР, а также данные о запасах ТМ в них. Установлено, что вариабельность вертикального распределения запасов ТМ в почвах городов западной части ЦЧР обусловлено не только особенностями почвообразовательных процессов и работой геохимических барьеров, но и антропогенной трансформацией почв, происходящей в ходе как негативного воздействия (залповые выбросы поллютантов), так и позитивного преобразования (реализация программ экологического управления в области землепользования). Продемонстрировано, что запас ТМ в метровой толще почв урбанизированных территорий является весьма индикативным показателем экологического состояния почв. Выявлено, что запасы Pb и Cd в почвах городов ЦЧР максимально превышали предложенный условный региональный норматив запасов ТМ в метровой толще урбаноземов в 3,7 и 19,3 раза соответственно, а запасы Cu в аллювиальных почвах – в 3,2 раза.
АНТИОКСИДАНТНЫЙ СТАТУС РАСТЕНИЙ В ПЕРИОД ВОДНОГО И СОЛЕВОГО СТРЕССА (ОБЗОР)
Authors: Рудакова А.С. , Кердиварэ А.М. , Рудаков С.В.
Published: December 2024

Водный стресс, а также солевой стресс, существенно влияют на урожайность многих сельскохозяйственных растений. Эффект водного стресса, как и другие виды стрессов (температурный, солевой, биотический) приводит к появлению окислительного стресса, что означает накопление активных форм кислорода (АФК). Они характеризуются высокой реакционной способностью, что приводит к нарушению процесса фотосинтеза, распаду белков и, в конечном счете, лимитируют рост и продуктивность растений. Повышенную устойчивость к стрессу могут проявлять растения, имеющие мощную систему детоксикации от активных форм кислорода и, таким образом, обладающие высоким антиоксидантным статусом. Анализ селекционного материала по этому признаку является обязательным критерием эффективной селекции. Изучение реакции культурных растений на различные виды стрессов, исследование адаптации разных культур и сортов к этим стрессам, чрезвычайно актуально в настоящее время. Анализ компонентов антиоксидантной защиты растений (АОС) многих видов растений и их сортов в ответ на стрессовые условия позволяет утверждать, что наиболее значимыми показателями устойчивости растений к стрессу можно считать такие биохимические параметры, как содержание МДА, содержание аскорбата, восстановленного глутатиона, активность основных антиоксидантных ферментов, а также количество свободного пролина и соотношение хлорофиллов к каротиноидам. Определение этих компонентов АОС, определяющих антиоксидантный статус растения, может служить эффективным методом анализа адаптивности растений к неблагоприятным факторам среды.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ РАБОТЫ ПЫЛЕУДАРНОГО МАСС-СПЕКТРОМЕТРА С НЕЛИНЕЙНЫМ ЗЕРКАЛОМ
Authors: ВОРОНОВ К Е. , ПИЯКОВ И В. , КАЛАЕВ М П. , ТЕЛЕГИН А М. , РОДИН Д В.
Published: December 2024

В работе рассматривается конструкция пылеударного масс-спектрометра, предназначенного для измерения элементного состава пылевых частиц в космическом пространстве. Рассмотрен принцип работы данного устройства, приведены результаты экспериментов на ускорителе микрочастиц.

The paper examines the design of a dust impact mass spectrometer designed to measure the elemental composition of dust particles in outer space. The operating principle of this device is considered, and the results of experiments on a microparticle accelerator are presented.
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ СТАЦИОНАРНОГО ТЕМПЕРАТУРНОГО ПОЛЯ СФЕРОИДА ПРИ ГРАНИЧНЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ ПЕРВОГО РОДА
Authors: КАНАРЕЙКИН А И.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена вопросам стационарной теплопроводности в шаре при граничных условиях первого рода. Сначала в работе определялось поле в шаре, когда часть его поверхности, соответствующая заданному шаровому сегменту, остаётся при заданной температуре, а другая часть имеет противоположное значение температуры. При нахождении решения используется метод разложения в ряд, содержащий полиномы Лежандра. Результирующие формулы получены в сферической системе координат. На основании полученного решения был рассмотрен случай срезанного вытянутого сфероида, когда поверхность вращения поддерживается при заданной температуре, а плоскость среза имеет температуру, равную нулю. Также в работе был рассмотрен частный случай для срезанного сжатого сфероида.

The article is devoted to the issues of stationary thermal conductivity in a sphere under boundary conditions of the first kind. At first, the field in the ball was determined when a part of its surface corresponding to a given ball segment remains at a given temperature, and the other part has the opposite temperature value. When finding a solution, the method of decomposition into a series containing Legendre polynomials is used. The resulting formulas are obtained in a spherical coordinate system. Based on the obtained solution, the case of a cut elongated spheroid was considered, when the surface of rotation is maintained at a given temperature, and the plane of the slice has a temperature equal to zero. The paper also considered a special case for a cutoff compressed spheroid.
ВЛИЯНИЕ НАДМОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫХ СТРУКТУР НА ТЕПЛОТУ ПАРООБРАЗОВАНИЯ, ТЕПЛОЕМКОСТЬ И ПОВЕРХНОСТНОЕ НАТЯЖЕНИЕ ВОДЫ
Authors: ПАВЛОВ А Н.
Published: December 2024

При описании тепловых свойств воды для внутренней энергии жидкой воды, кроме энергии хаотического движения молекул, следует учитывать потенциальную энергию взаимодействия молекул, связанную с надмолекулярными структурами. Эти структуры можно описать как фрактальные агрегаты, то есть рыхлые образования, состоящие из отдельных элементов, структурно подобных целому образованию. Благодаря своей рыхлости фрактальные структуры становятся клатратами за счет внедрения извне молекул воды. Вследствие стабилизации фракталами клатратная вода имеет дополнительную энергию связи. Показано, что на основе представлений о наличии надмолекулярных структур в жидкой воде можно описать зависимость от температуры теплоты парообразования, теплоемкости и поверхностного натяжения. В рамках фрактальной модели с единых позиций объясняются также для жидкой воды аномально высокие значениям теплоемкости, ее температурный спад, не характерный для других жидкостей, а также формирование величин теплоты парообразования и поверхностного натяжения.

When describing the thermal properties of water for the internal energy of liquid water, in addition to the energy of the chaotic movement of molecules, one should take into account the potential energy of interaction of molecules associated with supramolecular structures. These structures can be described as fractal aggregates, that is, loose formations consisting of individual elements that are structurally similar to the whole formation. Due to their looseness, fractal structures become clathrates due to the introduction of water molecules from outside. Due to stabilization by fractals, clathrate water has additional binding energy. It is shown that, based on the concept of the presence of supramolecular structures in liquid water, it is possible to describe the temperature dependence of the heat of vaporization, heat capacity and surface tension. Within the framework of the fractal model, the abnormally high values of heat capacity for liquid water and its temperature decline, which is not typical for other liquids, are also explained from a unified position. as well as the formation of the heat of vaporization and surface tension.
ВЕРИФИКАЦИЯ МЕТОДИКИ ДИАГНОСТИКИ МАГНИТНЫХ СВОЙСТВ ФЕРРОМАГНИТНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА ПО КРИТЕРИЮ РАЗМЕРА ОБРАЗЦОВ
Authors: ТКАЧЕНКО Р Ю. , САНДУЛЯК Д А. , САНДУЛЯК А В. , СОЛОВЬЕВ И А. , ХАРИН А С.
Published: December 2024

С целью подтверждения достоверности предложенной методики по определению магнитных свойств материала (посредством исследований семейства образцов, изготовленных из одного и того же материала, но различной длины) в дополнение к ранее полученным данным выполнены исследования образцов из стали 45.

In order to confirm the reliability of the proposed diagnostic procedure for determining the magnetic properties of a material (through studies of a family of samples made of the same material, but of different lengths), in addition to the previously obtained data, studies of samples made of steel 45 were performed.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ПРОЦЕССА ПОСТРОЕНИЯ СОЛНЕЧНОЙ ОРИЕНТАЦИИ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ДАННЫХ СОЛНЕЧНОГО ДАТЧИКА В УСЛОВИЯХ ЧАСТИЧНОГО ОТКАЗА
Authors: СЕДЕЛЬНИКОВ А В. , ЧУГУНКОВ Е В. , ТАНЕЕВ В В.
Published: December 2024

В настоящей работе проведено моделирование процесса построения одноосной солнечной ориентации на основе солнечного датчика. При этом рассматриваются условия частичного отказа средств измерений и даются рекомендации по повышению эффективности управления вращательным движением космическими аппаратами (КА) в этих условиях. Для реализации такого полёта описывается оснащение КА системой управления движением (СУД), которая включает в себя информационно-измерительную и управляющую систему (ИИУС) контроля угловой скорости вращения КА.

The paper simulates the process of constructing a uniaxial solar orientation based on a solar sensor is carried out. At the same time, the conditions of partial failure of measuring instruments are considered and recommendations are made to improve the efficiency of controlling the rotational motion of spacecraft in these conditions. To implement such a flight, the equipment of the spacecraft with a motion control system is described, which includes an information-measuring and control system for monitoring the angular velocity of rotation of the spacecraft.
СИНТЕЗ ЗАКОНОВ СТАБИЛИЗАЦИИ КОРОТКОПЕРИОДИЧЕСКОГО ПРОДОЛЬНОГО ДВИЖЕНИЯ БПЛА ПРИ ОТСУТСТВИИ ИНФОРМАЦИИ ОБ ИЗМЕРЕНИИ УГЛА НАКЛОНА ТРАЕКТОРИИ. АНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ ПОДХОД
Authors: ЗУБОВ Н Е. , МЕЧКИНА К А.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается задача аналитического синтеза матрицы коэффициентов обратной связи стабилизации короткопериодического продольного движения при отсутствии информации об угле наклона траектории. В качестве математической модели движения используется линейная нестационарная система третьего порядка со скалярным управлением, т.е. с одним органом управления. В основу аналитического синтеза закона обратной связи положена декомпозиция модели исходной системы и установленная по результатам аналитического решения для полностью заданного вектора состояния взаимосвязь модального управления по состоянию и модального управления по выходу с использованием возможных, с точки зрения обеспечения устойчивости движения, задаваемых и расчетных значений полюсов замкнутой системы управления. С помощью предложенного подхода решения задачи управления стабилизацией осуществлен синтез законов управления по выходу при отсутствии информации об угле наклона траектории. Правильность полученного аналитического решения проверена результатами моделирования. Так же при моделировании получены значения полюсов замкнутой системы управления, которые обеспечивают минимальное время переходного процесса по не измеряемой компоненте вектора состояния короткопериодического продольного движения - углу наклона траектории. В качестве объекта моделирования использовался гипотетический БПЛА.

The article discusses the problem of analytical synthesis of a matrix of feedback coefficients for stabilization of short-period longitudinal motion in the absence of information about the angle of inclination of the trajectory. As a mathematical model of motion, a linear nonstationary system of the third order with scalar control, i.e. with one control element, is used. The analytical synthesis of the feedback law is based on the decomposition of the model of the initial system and the relationship between modal control by state and modal control by output established by the results of the analytical solution for a fully given state vector using the possible, from the point of view of ensuring the stability of motion, given and calculated values of the poles of the closed control system. With the help of the proposed approach to solving the problem of stabilization control, a synthesis of the control laws for the output was carried out in the absence of information about the angle of inclination of the trajectory. A hypothetical UAV was used as the object of modeling.
РАЗРАБОТКА ПРОГРАММНО-АППАРАТНОГО КОМПЛЕКСА ДЛЯ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ АВТОНОМНЫМ МОБИЛЬНЫМ РОБОТОМ-ПОГРУЗЧИКОМ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА
Authors: ЛЕУС А В. , ТАТАРИНОВА Е А. , ГАВРИЛОВ Д А. , ХОЛОДНЯК И В. , ВОДИЧЕВ Н А. , АНТИПОВ А Е.
Published: December 2024

В современной промышленности автоматизация складских операций играет ключевую роль в оптимизации производственных процессов. В этом контексте разработка беспилотных погрузчиков становится все более востребованной задачей. В настоящей работе представлена реализация нового подхода к навигации автономного мобильного робота-погрузчика, использующего навигацию по потолочным оптическим меткам и напольной разметки. Для обеспечения безопасности используется курсовая камера для распознавания людей и препятствий на пути мобильного робота. Программно-аппаратный комплекс, разработанный в рамках настоящего исследования, позволяет улучшить точность и надежность позиционирования, навигации и ориентирования беспилотных погрузчиков, минимизируя риск столкновений и аварийных ситуаций. Результаты демонстрируют эффективность предложенной системы навигации и ее потенциал для практического применения в промышленных условиях.

In modern industry, automation of warehouse operations plays a key role in optimizing production processes. In this context, the development of unmanned forklifts is becoming an increasingly popular task. This paper presents the implementation of a new approach to navigation of an autonomous mobile robotic loader using navigation using ceiling optical marks and floor markings. To ensure safety, a heading camera is used to recognize people and obstacles in the path of the mobile robot. The software and hardware complex developed as part of this research can improve the accuracy and reliability of positioning, navigation and orientation of unmanned forklifts, minimizing the risk of collisions and emergency situations. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed navigation system and its potential for practical application in industrial settings.