bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORWARD CHAINING UNTUK MENDETEKSI KERUSAKAN KOMPUTER DAN LAPTOP BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Ridha Muh. Rasyid , Wahyuddin
Published: April 2020

Saat ini teknisi komputer membutuhkan waktu lama dalam mendiagnosa kerusakan yang terjadi pada sebuah komputer, bahkan sering kali teknisi menunda pekerjaannya hanya untuk menghasilkan solusi dari kerusakan komputer. Perkembangan sistem pakar dapat digunakan untuk memberikan solusi secara cepat dan tepat, misalnya dalam hal menentukan jenis kerusakan pada komputer. Solusi dari permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan merancang perangkat lunak menggunakan metode forward chaining dimana metode forward chaining sebagai proses pelacakan. Metode ini cocok digunakan untuk sistem pakar yang mendiagnosis sesuatu yang belum pasti dengan melakukan perhitungan secara akurat untuk menentukan nilai keyakinannya. Dengan pengujian sistemyang menggunakan metode Black-box yang diperoleh dari sistem pakar berbasis android ini mampu melakukan diagnosis dengan cepat, tepat dan akurat terhadap gejala kerusakan yang terjadi. Dengan kelayakan sistem yang mampu membantu teknisi dalam memberikan solusi dan penanganan secara tepat dari kerusakan yang terjadi pada komputer.
Genes that control vaccinia virus immunogenicity
Authors: Shchelkunov Sergey , Shchelkunova G. A.
Published: April 2020

The live smallpox vaccine was a historical first and highly effective vaccine. However, along with high immunogenicity, the vaccinia virus (VACV) caused serious side effects in vaccinees, sometimes with lethal outcomes. Therefore, after global eradication of smallpox, VACV vaccination was stopped. For this reason, most of the human population worldwide lacks specific immunity against not only smallpox, but also other zoonotic orthopoxviruses. Outbreaks of diseases caused by these viruses have increasingly occurred in humans on different continents. However, use of the classical live VACV vaccine for prevention against these diseases is unacceptable because of potential serious side effects, especially in individuals with suppressed immunity or immunodeficiency (e.g., HIV-infected patients). Therefore, highly attenuated VACV variants that preserve their immunogenicity are needed. This review discusses current ideas about the development of a humoral and cellular immune response to orthopoxvirus infection/vaccination and describes genetic engineering approaches that could be utilized to generate safe and highly immunogenic live VACV vaccines.
Establishment of a FDC-P1 murine cell line with human KIT N822K gene overexpression
Authors: Vagapova Elmira R. , Lebedev T. D. , Popenko V. I. , Leonova O. G. , Spirin P. V. , Prasolov V. S.
Published: April 2020

The mechanism of resistance of leukemia cells to chemotherapeutic drugs remains poorly understood. New model systems for studying the processes of malignant transformation of hematopoietic cells are needed. Based on cytokine-dependent murine acute myeloid leukemia (AML) FDC-P1 cells, we generated a new cell line with ectopic expression of the KIT gene encoding mutant human receptor tyrosine kinase (N822K). We investigated the role played by overexpression of the mutant KIT in the survival of leukemia cells and their sensitivity to therapeutic drugs. We also generated a co-culture system consisting of FDC-P1 murine leukemia cells and a HS-5 human stromal cell line. Our data can be used for a further comprehensive analysis of the role of KIT N822K mutation in the cellular response to anti-leukemic drugs, growth factors, and cytokines. These data are of interest in the development of new effective therapeutic approaches to the treatment of acute leukemia.
Subtypes of neurohypophyseal nonapeptide receptors and their functions in rat kidneys
Authors: Kutina Anna V. , Makashov A. A. , Balbotkina E. V. , Karavashkina T. A. , Natochin Yu. V.
Published: April 2020

The nonapeptides of neurohypophysis, vasotocin and mesotocin, detected in most vertebrates, are replaced by vasopressin and oxytocin in mammals. Using bioinformatics methods, we determined the spectrum of receptor subtypes for these hormones in mammals and their physiological effects in the kidneys of rats. A search for sequences similar to the vertebrate vasotocin receptor by proteomes and transcriptomas of nine mammalian species and the rat genome revealed three subtypes of vasopressin receptors (V1a, V1b, and V2) and one type of oxytocin receptors. In the kidneys of non-anesthetized rats, which received a water load of 2 ml per 100 g of body weight, three effects of vasopressin were revealed: 1) increased reabsorption of water and sodium, 2) increased excretion of potassium ions, and 3) increased excretion of sodium ions. It has been suggested that each of the effects on the kidney is associated with selective stimulation of the vasopressin receptor subtypes V2, V1b, and V1a depending on the concentration of nonapeptide. In experiments on non-anaesthetized rats with a water load, the injection of oxytocin reduces the reabsorption of solute-free water in the kidneys and increases the excretion of sodium ions. The possible physiological mechanisms behind the realization of both effects with the participation of a single type of oxytocin receptors are being analyzed. Thus, the spectrum of activated receptor subtypes varies depending on the current concentration of neurohypophyseal hormones, as a result of which the predominant effect on renal function changes, which ensures precise regulation of water-salt homeostasis.
A Percepção dos Pacientes Portadores de Neoplasia Pulmonar Avançada diante dos Cuidados Paliativos da Fisioterapia
Authors: Pinto Torres de Melo Ticiana , De Oliveira Maia Élida Jane , Bentes de Araujo Magalhães Clarissa , Correia Nogueira Ingrid , Aguiar Pessoa Morano Maria Teresa , Silva Araújo Framartinho Carlos , Gardano Bucharles Mont’Alverne Daniela
Published: April 2020

Introdução: O câncer de pulmão e uma doença altamente letal, geralmente detectado em estágios avançados. Corresponde ao terceiro tipo de tumor mais incidente no sexo masculino e no sexo feminino e o quinto tumor mais frequente. O tratamento depende do histórico do paciente, sua idade, estado geral, estagio e tipo do tumor. O fisioterapeuta detém métodos e recursos que são imensamente uteis nos cuidados paliativos, e sua atuação corrobora o tratamento multiprofissional. Objetivo: Descrever a percepção dos pacientes portadores de neoplasia pulmonar avançada diante dos cuidados paliativos da fisioterapia, bem como o estado de saúde em que o paciente se encontra e a principal queixa clinica relacionada a doença. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada com pessoas portadoras de neoplasia pulmonar avançada que se encontravam internadas no Hospital de Messejana Dr. Carlos Alberto Studart Gomes, em Fortaleza-Ceara, onde foi aplicado um questionário com cinco questões norteadoras em dez pacientes. Resultados: A partir da análise dos dados, emergiram três categorias distintas: a tristeza e sofrimento ocasionados pela doença; as limitações e incapacidades físicas no cotidiano; e a atuação da fisioterapia em relação aos cuidados paliativos. Conclusão: A importância do papel da fisioterapia mostrou ser de grande valor, a partir das percepções dos pacientes, sua atuação contribuiu de uma forma substancial no tratamento assistencial desses pacientes com câncer pulmonar tornando-se motivadora.
Hubungan antara lama paparan bising terhadap gangguan pendengaran pada instruktur drum
Authors: Primadewi Novi , Kandhi Putu Wijaya , Azizah Zahroh Zuliana
Published: April 2020

Latar belakang: Alat musik drum merupakan alat musik yang memiliki nilai kebisingan. Instruktur drum dapat terpapar bising yang tinggi, sehingga dapat mengalami gangguan pendengaran. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara lama paparan bising terhadap gangguan pendengaran pada instruktur drum di Surakarta dan sekitarnya. Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah obervasional non experimental dengan desain cross sectional pada 71 instruktur drum di 14 sekolah musik di Surakarta. Sampel berupa hasil pemeriksaan audiometri nada murni yang dilaksanakan di studio musik kedap suara dengan NAB kurang dari 40 Dba SPL. Data dianalisis menggunakan  uji statistik Chi Square. Hasil analisis statistik bermakna bila didapatkan nilai p=0,001<0,01. Hasil: Pada rerata tingkat kebisingan yang terukur dengan alat Sound Level Meter di 14 sekolah musik di Surakarta. Pada saat memainkan drum adalah sebesar 111,48±3,84 dB. Terdapat responden dengan durasi ≤2 jam tanpa GPAB sebanyak 10 orang (14,1%) dan paling banyak terjadi dengan GPAB pada durasi >4 sampai dengan 6 jam sebanyak 38 orang (51,2%). Nilai p=0,001<0,01 yang berarti ada hubungan yang bermakna antara durasi dengan GPAB pada instruktur drum dengan coefficient of contingency CC sebesar 0,687 (68,70%). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara lama paparan bising terhadap gangguan pendengaran pada instruktur drum.  Background: Drum is one of musical instruments producing a high level of noise. Drum instructors are exposed to this loudness, which might give them a high risk of hearing impairment. Objective: To investigate the correlation between loudness exposure time and hearing impairment of drum instructors in Solo area. Methods: This was an observational non experimental research using cross sectional design on 71 drum instructors in 14 music schools in Surakarta. The samples were the result of pure tone audiometry examination conducted in a soundproof music studio with NAB less than 40 Dba SPL. Data were analyzed using Chi Square statistical tests. The results of statistical analysis were significant if  p = 0.001 <0.01. Result: The average noise level measured by a Sound Level Meter tool in 14 music schools in Surakarta, while playing the drum was 111.48 ± 3.84 dB. There were respondents with a duration of ≤ 2 hours without Noise Induce Hearing Loss (NIHL) as many as 10 people (14.1%), and the highest  occurence with NIHL was at a duration of  >4 to 6 hours as many as 38 people (51.2%). The value of p = 0.001 <0.01, revealed that there was a significant correlation between the duration of noise exposure and NIHL in drum instructors with coefficient of contingency (CC) of 0.687 (68.70%). Conclusion: Noise exposure time was correlated with hearing impairment in drum instructors.
Prevalensi biofilm bakteri aerob pada usapan tonsil dengan metode tube pada penderita tonsilitis kronis
Authors: Asyari Ade , Sari Aci Mayang , Dini Embun , Novialdi Novialdi , Fitri Fachzi , Indrama Erly , Bachtiar Hafni
Published: April 2020

Latar belakang: Tonsilitis kronis merupakan salah satu bentuk infeksi yang paling banyak terdapat pada anak-anak maupun dewasa. Kegagalan terapi antibiotika dalam mengeradikasi bakteri penyebab tonsilitis kronis ini masih menjadi perdebatan dan dihubungkan dengan keberadaan biofilm pada tonsil. Biofilm memiliki peran dalam infeksi kronis dan rekurensi dari tonsilitis kronis. Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran biofilm bakteri aerob pada usapan tonsil dengan metode tube pada penderita tonsilitis kronis. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang dilakukan terhadap 96 responden. Setiap sampel dilakukan pemeriksaan swab tonsil dan kultur bakteri aerob kemudian dilanjutkan pemeriksaan biofilm dengan metode tube menggunakan crystal violet (0,1%) dan dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Data dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan komputer serta disajikan dalam bentuk tabel. Hasil: Terdapat 64,7% dari total bakteri pada usapan tonsil mengandung biofilm. Kesimpulan: Lebih dari separuh sampel terdapat biofilm bakteri aerob pada usapan tonsil dengan metode tube pada penderita tonsilitis kronis. Background: Chronic tonsillitis is one of the most common infections in children and adults. Failure of antibiotic therapy in eradicating the bacteria that cause chronic tonsillitis is still being debated and is associated with the presence of biofilm on the tonsils. Biofilms play a role in chronic infections and recurrence of chronic tonsillitis. Purpose: To determine aerobic bacterial biofilm on tonsil swabs with tube method in patients with chronic tonsillitis. Methods: This was a descriptive study conducted on 96 respondents. Each sample underwent tonsillar swab and aerobic bacterial culture, followed by examination of the biofilm with tube method using crystal violet (0.1%) and compared with controls. Data were analyzed statistically using computer program, and presented in a tabular form. Results: There were 64.7% of total bacteria in tonsil swabs containing biofilm. Conclusion: More than half of the whole samples contained aerobic bacterial biofilms on tonsil swabs with tube method in patients with chronic tonsillitis.
The correlation between plasma reactive oxygen species and hearing threshold levels in presbycusis patients
Authors: Purnami Nyilo , Nuraini Anita , Surarso Bakti
Published: April 2020

Background: Presbycusis is a hearing loss due to the degeneration process in elderly people of 65 years old and beyond, characterized by a decrease in hearing sensitivity in both ears. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are assumed to have an important role in the pathogenesis of presbycusis. Purpose: To find out the correlation between ROS levels in plasma and hearing threshold levels in presbycusis patients. Method: The design was cross sectional and conducted at the Outpatient Clinic of Neurotology Division, Geriatric Clinic, Clinical Pathology Installation, and Central Installation of Biomaterials Network Bank of Dr. Soetomo Hospital. Samples were taken by consecutive sampling for audiometric examination and measurement of ROS levels in plasma. Results: Fifty samples were collected, ROS levels in plasma were found with mean (SD) of 2.46 ng/ml (0.84). The mean hearing threshold level was 47.70 dB (12.42). The Pearson statistical test revealed a significant correlation between ROS levels in plasma and hearing threshold levels, with p=0.003 (p<0.05), and the correlation coefficient (r) 0.41. Conclusion: There was a correlation between ROS in plasma and hearing threshold levels in presbycusis patients, with a significant moderate-positive correlation pattern. It indicated that the higher the ROS levels in plasma, the higher the hearing threshold levels in presbycusis patients. Latar belakang: Presbikusis adalah gangguan pendengaran akibat proses degenerasi yang dijumpai pada usia 65 tahun atau lebih, ditandai oleh penurunan kepekaan pendengaran pada kedua telinga. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) diduga mempunyai peran penting pada patogenesis  presbikusis. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kadar ROS dalam plasma dengan nilai ambang dengar pada penderita presbikusis. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah cross sectional, dilakukan di Unit Rawat Jalan (URJ) THT-KL Divisi Neurotologi, URJ Geriatri, Instalasi Patologi Klinik, dan Instalasi Pusat Biomaterial Bank Jaringan RSUD Dr. Soetomo. Sampel diambil secara consecutive sampling. Diperoleh 50 sampel untuk dilakukan pemeriksaan audiometri dan pengukuran kadar ROS dalam plasma. Hasil: Kadar ROS dalam plasma didapatkan hasil rerata (SD) 2,46 ng/ml (0,84). Nilai ambang dengar didapatkan hasil rerata (SD) 47,70 dB (12,42). Hasil uji statistik dengan korelasi Pearson terhadap kadar ROS dalam plasma dan nilai ambang dengar didapatkan hasil koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0,41 dan p=0,003 (p<0,05). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara kadar ROS dalam plasma dengan nilai ambang dengar pada penderita presbikusis dengan pola hubungan bersifat positif-sedang yang signifikan, yang berarti semakin tinggi kadar ROS dalam plasma, semakin tinggi nilai ambang dengar.
Confabulação sobre Análise de Conteúdo como Técnica de Análise da História Oral
Authors: Ribeiro Vagno Batista , Purificação Marcelo Máximo , Catarino Elisângela Maura
Published: April 2020

Na obra “Análise de conteúdo”, Laurence Bardin aborda aspectos da construção da pesquisa científica que vão desde o levantamento histórico acerca de técnicas e análises utilizadas na análise do conteúdo ao longo dos anos, até a proposta de um método de investigação que, de fato, possa ser operacionalizado pelos diversos pesquisadores das ciências humanas, quais sejam psicólogos, sociólogos, linguistas, jornalistas e historiadores. No que se refere aos historiadores, a análise do conteúdo e a análise documental propostas por Laurence Bardin podem proporcionar importantes reflexões para a construção da pesquisa histórica. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo busca refletir sobre as possibilidades de discussões e metodologias que as considerações da referida autora proporcionam aos pesquisadores que se utilizaram (utilizam) de fontes da chamada História Oral, na construção da sua narrativa histórica. Diante desses objetivos, optamos por apresentar inicialmente as considerações da autora em “Análise de conteúdo”. Posteriormente, apontamos as técnicas de análises presentes na obra citada que podem ser articuladas à análise da metodologia da História Oral. Por fim, colocamos a relevância dessas trajetórias de pesquisa para a construção da narrativa histórica que é subsidiada por fontes orais.

Palavras-chave: Pesquisa histórica, técnicas, fontes, história oral.
A proeminência da teorização de gênero para a pesquisa em história
Authors: Ribeiro Vagno Batista , Catarino Elisangela Maura , Purificação Marcelo Máximo
Published: April 2020

Nas últimas décadas, a pesquisa em história vem sendo enriquecida com aportes da teorização de gênero. Novos atores e perspectivas passam a ser colocados em discussão, principalmente as relações de poder no seio do que se passou a denominar de patriarcado, isto é, a dominação masculina como processo linguístico de construção social no qual são reificadas relações binárias de percepção do sexo e da reprodução humana. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo busca analisar alguns elementos acerca da pesquisa em história no sentido de elencar algumas possibilidades que a teorização de gênero permite ao historiador e à historiadora quanto à difícil equação entre identidade e movimento social. O texto a seguir está organizado da seguinte maneira: uma breve avaliação acerca da relação entre heteronormatividade e a situação histórica das mulheres, seguida de uma consideração a respeito do gênero como categoria de análise histórico-linguística, concluindo por uma análise das dificuldades que os movimentos sociais encontram na elaboração de pautas que enfatizem a identidade ao mesmo tempo que permitem avançar na crítica radical de moralidades excludentes e desiguais.

Palavras-chave: Gênero, movimento social, identidade.
La expansión de la informalidad laboral en las ciudades colombianas: Barranquilla
Authors: Ramos-Ruiz José Luis , Angulo Luis Eduardo , Ramos-Camargo José
Published: April 2020

Este artículo presenta las características socioeconómicas de los trabajadores informales de la ciudad de Barranquilla, particularmente de los vendedores ambulantes de la zona norte de la ciudad. Para ello, se utilizan datos de una encuesta realizada por la Universidad del Norte, donde se detalla aspectos de la educación, salud, vivienda y perﬁl ocupacional, entre otros aspectos. Con el objeto de encontrar los factores que caracterizan a esta población, se realizó un Análisis de Correspondencias Múltiples, destacándose los factores asociados a la informalidad laboral, tal es el caso de la intensidad horaria, ingreso, estado civil y estrato socio económico. Con base en estos resultados se concluye que este fenómeno de reciente data en las economías latinoamericanas, es el resultado de la ausencia de políticas públicas dirigidas hacia la población vulnerable.
La venta de ISAGEN, un exabrupto
Authors: Acosta-Medina Amylkar
Published: April 2020

Este documento se enfoca inicialmente en las motivaciones presentes desde el Gobierno Central para iniciar el proceso de privatización de activos del Estado, como es el caso de ISAGEN. Además de analizar cómo se administraran los recursos  bajo la nueva estructura  de la Financiera Nacional de Desarrollo (FND) y su ejecución sin tener en cuenta  la modalidad de obras públicas. Por último, el artículo se ocupa de las diversas opciones que tendría el Gobierno para financiar los proyectos de infraestructura sin necesidad de privatizar empresas estratégicas públicas.
Las revistas científicas colombianas y la política pública de COLCIENCIAS
Authors: Escobar-Espinoza Andrés , Mercado-Mejía Menis
Published: April 2020

La evaluación de revistas científicas del Índice Bibliográfico Nacional Publindex ha sido producto de un proceso de mejoramiento progresivo en miras a la consolidación de las publicaciones seriadas científicas en el ámbito nacional. Éste fue iniciado a finales de los años noventa, pero fue en 2001 cuando se establecen los primeros requisitos y condiciones necesarias que las publicaciones seriadas científicas colombianas debían cumplir.
The colombian scientific journals and COLCIENCIAS' public policy
Authors: Escobar-Espinoza Andrés , Mercado-Mejía Menis
Published: April 2020

The evaluation of scientific journals in the National Bibliographic Index (IBN) has been a process of continuous improvement towards the strengthening of Colombian scientific journals. This process initiated at the end of 1990s, but it was only in 2001 when the first set of requirements and basic conditions were introduced.
La innovación empresarial como impulsora de las pymes en la Región Caribe.
Authors: Hernández-Palma Hugo , Cardona-Arbelaez Diego , Raad-Pardo Alex
Published: April 2020

En los últimos años, la pequeña y mediana empresa (pyme) ha venido jalonando el desarrollo sectorial en la Región Caribe. Como ente productivo, la pyme se ha convertido en un factor de competencia al interior del aparato económico nacional por su potencial para generar soluciones de empleo y producir ingresos constantes, a través de procesos comerciales, industriales y de servicios. Esto, la proyecta como una plataforma de posicionamiento económico de gran expectación. A nivel competitivo, la pyme tiene enormes ventajas inherentes que pueden derivar a largo plazo, en el fortalecimiento de los diversos sectores económicos que se vienen gestando en la región. A continuación, se analizará el componente de la innovación como un factor que ha impulsado el desarrollo y crecimiento de las pymes en la Región Caribe. A través de un ejercicio reflexivo del sector, se observarán conceptos que se vienen incorporando en los entornos empresariales a nivel regional y nacional.
Criterios de revisoría fiscal en la evaluación de control interno para prevención y control del fraude.
Authors: Polo De Lobatón Gregoria , Lobatón Polo Daulis , Aguirre Redondo Sandra Milena , Villero Jiménez Sacmires
Published: April 2020

La figura del Revisor Fiscal aborda realidades problemáticas en situaciones de fraudes organizacionales, y en muy pocas oportunidades solución a problemas de evaluación del control interno para la prevención y control del fraude. Por lo que la presente investigación, tuvo como pretensión identificar los criterios de Revisoría Fiscal útiles en la evaluación del Control Interno para la prevención y control del Fraude, tomando el caso de una empresa, con pocos resultados en la administración del riesgo, por falta de aplicación de mecanismos adecuados, o falta de una estructura en sus procesos administrativos que ayuden la prevención del riesgo y el fraude. La metodología utilizada con un enfoque cualitativo, de carácter descriptivo, estudio de caso, muestreo caso-tipo, utilizando fuente información primaria en la organización contexto de estudio, y secundaria a partir del análisis documental, utilizando técnicas de entrevistas semi-estructurada y revisión documental. Los resultados de la investigación determinaron que el Control Interno es una garantía para la empresa, con mínimas posibilidades de fallas en la información financiera y garantías del mismo en el cumplimiento; un error en la comprensión de los criterios de Revisoría de Revisoría Fiscal induce al error de juicio y fallas de control; infiriendo que la función del Revisor Fiscal en la fiscalización integral y permanente, con el uso de criterios de Revisoría Fiscal para la evaluación del control interno bajo un enfoque de meta control organizacional, ayuda a la prevención y control del fraude.
Panorama Económico's evolution at the international level
Authors: Escobar-Espinoza Andrés , López-Verhelst Nicolas
Published: April 2020

One important aspect in editorial management nowadays is the surge of scientific metrics and bibliometrics to measure the impact of scientific activity in certain fields of knowledge by countries, institutions, research groups and individuals.
Rigorous Estimates for Effective Creep-coefficients of Microcracked Masonry Accounting for Cracks Interactions
Authors: Rekik Amna
Published: April 2020

Based on the association of finite elements homogenization method and a rigorous homogenization scheme accounting for crack interactions, this paper provides rigorous predictions for the local and effective properties of microcracked viscoelastic masonry with or without creep of bricks. For the sake of simplicity, viscoelastic brick and mortar are assumed to follow the Generalized Maxwell rheological model and to be respectively safe and microcracked. In the mortar, the distribution of microcracks orientations is assumed to be random. Two steps are followed. The first one is based on the identification at the short and long terms of an approximate analytical creep function for the mortar. This step relies on the coupling between the Griffith’s brittle fracture theory and a rigorous homogenization scheme - the Ponte Castañeda & Willis model - accounting for crack interaction instead of the dilute scheme adopted previously in Rekik et al. Two cases are considered: open and closed cracks. The first step allows to avoid recourse to 'heavy' numerical inversion of the Laplace-Carson transform. The second one provides overall creep coefficients of masonry by means of periodic homogenization carried out by finite elements method. For open cracks state, time-dependent crack density is investigated. The proposed model is validated by comparison with an analytical one available for a compressed masonry wall with "standard" viscoelastic mortar joints. Effect induced by microcracks is also highlighted by comparison with uncracked masonry. At last, results provided by the proposed model can be considered to be rigorous solution improving on dilute estimates for the creep behavior of microcracked mortar and demonstrating the interest to not neglect both cracks interactions and creep of bricks units.
USULAN PERBAIKAN DEFECT PADA SABLON PLASTIK MENGGUNAKAN METODE POKA YOKE DI CV. BAYOR PRINT 69
Authors: Faizal Achmad , Nababan Novita Yanti , Jatnika M. Edgar
Published: April 2020

Abstrak

Kunci utama perusahaan dapat bertahan dan bersaing pada era MEA adalah dengan berfokus pada kualitas, baik kualitas produk maupun kualitas dalam proses produksinya. Perbaikan kualitas menjadi perhatian utama bagi perusahaan. Perbaikan kualitas membuat produk cacat (defect) dapat ditekan seminimal mungkin hingga mencapai produk cacat nol (zero defect). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas dari produk Sablon Plastik, menganalisis jenis kecacatan produk dan kecacatan pada proses produksinya, kecacatan produk prioritas, akar penyebab kecacatan, dan pemberian usulan perbaikannya di CV. BAYOR PRINT 69. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh dari wawancara langsung bersama informan-informan terkait dan menggunakan data sekunder berupa data produksi dan data cacat Sablon Plastik CV. BAYOR PRINT 69 pada bulan Januari-Desember 2018. Informan didalam penelitian ini terdiri dari karyawan yang bekerja pada CV. BAYOR PRINT 69. Penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan diagram pareto, diagram tulang ikan, dan teknik brainstorming. Dari hasil analisis, dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) kualitas produk Sablon Plastik tergolong baik, (2) cacat terbanyak terdapat pada kelompok cacat A1, yaitu cat yang meleber pada plastik, (3) manusia merupakan faktor penyebab cacat terbanyak, (4) solusi perbaikan yang dapat diterapkan adalah mengaplikasikan ketiga fungsi dari metode poka yoke, yaitu warning, control, dan shut down, serta penambahan operator mesin.

 

Kata kunci: Poka yoke, six sigma, zero defect
MASALAH PENYIMPANAN CALSIUM OKSIDA DI GUDANG PT.SIBELCO BHUMIADYA
Authors: Fatkhurrozi Achmad
Published: April 2020

Proses penyimpanan Calsioum Oksida di Gudang cenderung merusak kualitas, di karenakan sifat Calsium Oksida yang rentan terkena udara bebas, sehingga harus di analisa kembali fentilasi udara di dalam Gudang, jenis packing yang di gunakan dan sistem barang masuk dan barang keluar.
PENGEFEKTIFAN PENGGUNAAN RUANG PENYIMPANAN SPARE PART MEKANIK PT.INDOCEMENT PLANT 3/4
Authors: Husaeni Fahmi
Published: April 2020

Indocement merupakan perusahaan yang memproduksi semen yang sudah berdiri sejak tahun 1985, dan sudah memiliki 13 pabrik yang berlokasi di 3 daerah, yaitu Bogor, Palimanan dan Tarjun. Pada sebuah pabrik terdapat beberapa unit kerja diantaranya bagian produksi, elektrik, dan mekanik. Pada bagian mekanik terdapat gudang penyimpanan Spare part, yang digunakan untuk menyimpan Spare part untuk mesin-mesin produksi. Gudang sekarang yang digunakan luasnya tidak telalu besar hanya berukuran 5m x 7m. Jumlah Spare part yang disimpan sangat banyak dengan berbagai ukuran Spare part mulai dari yang kecil hingga ukuran Spare part yang besar, penyimpanan terkesan tidak berdasarkan jenis dan ukuran sehingga banyak Spare part yang berukuran kecil tertumpuk dan tidak terlihat karena tertutup oleh Spare part yang ukuran lebih besar, sehingga sering kali dilakukan pemesanan ulang untuk Spare part yang sebenarnya masih tersedia di gudang. Pengeluaran biaya untuk pembelian Spare part menjadi lebih besar. Metodologi yang kami gunakan adalah metodologi kualitatif,. Menggunakan metode Class-based storage atau dengan menempatkan material berdasarkan atas kesamaan jenis maupun kesamaan ukuran. Penerapan design ulang penempatan Spare part, maka diharapkan Spare part akan lebih mudah ditemukan dan Spare part dapat digunakan secara maksimal, sehingga dapat menekan biaya untuk pembelian Spare part. Manfaat lain adalah akan terlihat lebih rapi dan mudah untuk membersihkan area gudang sewaktu-waktu.
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI STANDAR PRODUKSI DAN PEMAKAIAN BAHAN PADA PERUSAHAAN KULIT IMITASI BERBASIS WEBSITE
Authors: Rusdan Muchamad
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this research is to provide ease in reading articles on the standard production and use of imitation leather. Help reduce the level of errors in viewing the standard article production and use of materials by the operator. Operators can more easily enter and change data on the standard production and use of faux leather. It is helping operators who are elderly and have vision problems in seeing and determining production standards and material usage. Bits of help reduce night shift operator errors that lack concentration when looking at the standard production book and the use of faux leather due to drowsiness. This study uses a qualitative approach to data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and literature study. The system development model used in this study is the Waterfall model. The results of this study indicate that the application of production standards and the use of imitation leather material is very easy to use, fast enough in processing or carrying out its functions, very helpful for operators who have problems with their vision, it is quite feasible to replace the previous production standards.
FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM UNTUK MENDETEKSI KESEHATAN MENTAL MAHASISWA
Authors: Nawindah Nawindah , Lydiani Saskia
Published: April 2020

Kesehatan mental sangat dibutuhkan oleh mahasiswa umumnya di usia remaja memiliki masalah kejiwaan yang lebih tinggi untuk itulah diperlukan adanya psikolog sebagai sarana komunikasi, konsultasi untuk memberikan solusi atas permasalahan yang dihadapi. Saat ini konsultasi dilakukan langsung menemui Psikolog tanpa adanya sebuah alat deteksi gejala kesehatan mental. Fuzzy inference system digunakan dalam menentukan level gejala kesehatan mental mahasiswa. Tools yang digunakan adalah R language dengan data sampel mahasiswa Universitas Budi Luhur. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa dengan menggunakan fuzzy inference system Mamdani metode centroid dengan aturan -aturan (rules) menggunakan IF dapat dengan mudah diketahui gejala kesehatan mental mahasiswa berada pada level tertentu.
PREDIKSI STATUS PENGIRIMAN BARANG MENGGUNAKAN METODE MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: Pambudi Hardian Kokoh , Kusuma Putu Giri Artha , Yulianti Femi , Julian Kevin Ahessa
Published: April 2020

One of the key performance indicators for the logistics industry, especially freight forwarder company (cargo), is the delivery time. This is still a challenge in this industry in terms of ensuring the customer service level and reducing transportation costs. On the other hand, the development of information technology now allows an organization or company to collect large amounts of data automatically. A decent method that can be used to analyze the data for prediction purposes is machine learning, which is a method of extracting data into a certain pattern of information. This research aims to apply three machine learning methods to estimate the status of shipping goods. The method used in this study follows the machine learning process published by the Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM), namely; business processes understanding, data understanding, data preparation, model development, evaluation, and implementation. Based on the results of the study, the random forest method produces better accuracy than the logistic regression and artificial neural network (ANN) methods, which is 76.6%, while the results of ANN and logistic regression methods are 73.81% and 72.84% respectively.
SOCIAL SUPPORT AMONG MALE UNDERGRADUATES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Morris III James
Published: April 2020

Although researchers have conducted multiple studies on social support among male undergraduates, a gap was identified in the lack of systematic reviews of literature synthesizing their findings. The purpose in this systematic review was to obtain an understanding of recent findings on social support among male undergraduates. To identify relevant literature, a search strategy was developed consisting of six criteria for inclusion, which yielded a total of 30 studies from multiple databases. Findings showed an overall positive impact of social support on psychological outcomes, academic achievement, and technology use among male undergraduates. The findings also revealed a diverse range of sources of social support as well as variations based on gender. In addition to addressing the identified gap in the research, findings from the review may help teachers, educational policymakers, educators, and scholars identify relevant patterns that could be used to note important dimensions within which possible interventions could be introduced to promote desired outcomes. Keywords: academic achievement, male undergraduates, social support, systematic review, technology use.
Targeting of the A2A adenosine receptor counteracts immunosuppression in vivo in a mouse model of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Francesca Arruga  , Sara Serra  , Nicoletta Vitale  , Giulia Guerra  , Andrea Papait  , Benjamin Baffour Gyau  , Francesco Tito  , Dimitar Efremov  , Tiziana Vaisitti  , Silvia Deaglio
Published: April 2020

Tumor immunosuppression is a major cause for treatment failure and disease relapse, both in solid tumors and leukemia. Local hypoxia is among the conditions that cause immunosuppression, acting at least in part through the upregulation of extracellular adenosine levels, which potently suppress T cell responses and skew macrophages towards an M2 phenotype. Hence, there is intense investigation to identify drugs that target this axis. By using the TCL1 adoptive transfer CLL mouse model, we show that adenosine production and signaling are upregulated in the hypoxic lymphoid niches, where intense colonization of leukemic cells occurs. This leads to a progressive remodeling of the immune system towards tolerance, with expansion of T regulatory cells (Tregs), loss of CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity and differentiation of murine macrophages towards the patrolling (M2-like) subset. In vivo administration of SCH58261, an inhibitor the A2A adenosine receptor, re-awakens T cell responses, while limiting Tregs expansion, and re-polarizes monocytes towards the inflammatory (M1-like) phenotype. These results show for the first time the in vivo contribution of adenosine signaling to immune tolerance in CLL, and the translational implication of drugs interrupting this pathway. Although the effects of SCH58261 on leukemic cells are limited, interfering with adenosine signaling may represent an appealing strategy for combination-based therapeutic approaches.
Paraoxonase-1 Enzyme Activity and Oxidative Status in Pulmonary Hypertension Original Article
Authors: Kalyoncuoglu Muhsin , Baskurt Murat , Kaya Aysem , Dogan Gunes M , Abacl Okay , Canbolat Ismail Polat , Sinan UmitYasar , Kucukoglu M Serdar
Published: April 2020

Objective: Oxidative stress has been considered to be one of the main causes for the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH) via leading alteration of pulmonary vasomotor tone induced by hypoxia. The aim of this study is to determine the serum paraoxonase-1 enzyme (PON-1) activity, arylesterase activity, the antioxidant-oxidant status in patients with PH and to compare with healthy controls.

Material and Methods: Thirty five healthy ındividuals (mean age 45.7±5.9 years) as a control group and thirty eight patients (mean age 46.5±12.6 years) with a diagnosis of PH wereincluded in thestudy. Serum PON-1 and arylesterase activity, the total antioxidative capacity of plasma (TAC) and total oxidantstatus (TOS) were measured by using colorimetric methods. The Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) wascalculated as TOS/ TACX100.

Results: Serum PON1 activity is significantly lower in PH patients when compared with healthy controls (p=0.001). The serum arylesterase activity and TAC, TOS and OSI status were similarin bothgroups. There is inverse correlation between serum PON1 activityand NYHA functionalcapacity (r:-0.649 p=0.001). Furthermore, PON1 activity of study patients are similarin the PH subgroups. Serum activity of PON1 wasfoundto bethe only independent parameter for the presence of PH in binary logistic regression analysis (OR 0.984, 95 % CI 0.977-0.992, p=0.001). Eight patients died follow up period (27.6±14.5 months) and none of theparametersincluding PON1 were associated with mortality.

Conclusion: Serum PON1 activity of PH patients is lowerthanhealthypopulation, but does not predictmortality.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(4) 2020 p.652-658
Morphometric study of hypoglossal canal of occipital bone in dry skulls of two states in southern nigeria
Authors: Mamerhim Enaohwo Taniyohwo , Godswill Okoro Ogheneyebrorue
Published: April 2020

Background: It is observed that the morphologic and morphometric variability of the occipital bone structures may coexist in the same individual or among different subjects of the same or different populations and thus, a sound knowledge of the morphometry of this area can provide important benefits in determining safe surgical zones during surgical procedures.

Aim: The present study was aimed at measuring the length (right and left) and width (right and left) of the hypoglossal canal among adult dry skulls of two states in southern Nigeria.

Materials and Method: This study adopted the cross sectional study design. A total of eighty (80) hypoglossal canal; right and left were selected by simple random sampling and their length and width were measured with the aid of the digital vernier caliper.

Results: The hypoglossal canal length on the right side was seen to be higher compared to the left length of the hypoglossal canal while the right hypoglossal canal width was seen to be higher compared to the left hypoglossal canal width and also observed differences between the right and left sides were statistically significant (P=0.01).

Conclusion: There was a statistical significant difference with regard to hypoglossal canal length (right and left) and width (right and left) among the studied population.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(4) 2020 p.670-672
Ringworm: Evaluation of C-reactive Protein and Lipid Profile as well as Their Correlation with the Patients Age and Body Mass Index
Authors: Hossen Md Shafiul , Kar Auditi , Haque Hasan Moinul
Published: April 2020

Objectives: Ringworm is a common cutaneous fungal disease with worldwide distribution.It may lead to the abnormal c-reactive protein levels and metabolism of lipid. Thus this study has been designed for determining serum CRP and also evaluating the Lipid profile in patients associated with ringworm.

Materials and methods: This study recruited 25 patients with ringworm (cases) and 25 healthy individuals (controls). A questionnaire of personal characteristics was completed for each patient and control. Inflammatory marker (CRP) and Serum lipid profile (total, lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglyceride) was recorded for each case and control. The test of significance was applied for statistical analysis.

Results and discussion: The mean serum CRP were 1.608±0.14 and 0.648±0.03 mg/dl and total cholesterol level were 175.09±3.26 and 182.09±3.01 mg/dl in ringworm patients and control subject respectively. It was also observed that the serum TG; HDL; LDL levels were 131.76±3.07 and 139.84±3.47 mg/dl; 80.79±1.79 and 73.35±4.14 mg/dl; 67.95±4.64 and 86.55±3.70 mg/dl in patients and control group respectively. The value of CRP was significantly increased in patients compared to control group (p <0.05). There was no significant difference of lipid profile study between patients and control

Conclusion: Findings of this study indicate increased concentrations of CRP in patients affected to ringworm and its role in this infection. Patients should thus be routinely screened for such abnormalities Probably observation of lipid profile in healthy individuals in compare with patients group indicates that it has no relationship in case of ringworm.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(4) 2020 p.673-677
Arterial hypertension prevention as an actual medical and social problem
Authors: Demikhov Oleksii , Dehtyarova Iya , Rud Oksana , Khotyeev Yehor , Kuts Larysa , Cherkashyna Lidiya , Demikhova Nadiia , Orlovskiy Aleksandr
Published: April 2020

Social changes, technological re-equipment, intensive formation of urban infrastructure have led to a constant increase in stress factors and an excessive growth of the nervous and psychological population burden. As a result of these processes in economically developed countries, acute diseases are becoming less and less significant, unlike the group of chronic disorders, such as arterial hypertension. Data from the review of the literature and the data we have received indicate that there is an increase in the level of cortisol in the blood in the phase of anxiety, which reduces in the resistance phase. A significant role is played by another hormone - insulin, which plays a key role in the development of the general adaptive syndrome. Through it the body implements numerous counter-defects in relation to the regulatory influence of catecholamines and cortisol. In conditions of prolonged stress, the level of insulin in the blood decreases and diabetes develops. The effect of cortisol and catecholamines in the resistance phase persists. The level of oxidative modification of blood plasma proteins indices depends on the behavior of the individual and changes in his psycho-emotional state, while a prolonged increase in the levels of catecholamines and cortisol in peripheral blood causes the development of psychosomatic pathology. It is proved that under the influence of complex action of risk factors there are significant changes in the psycho-emotional state that cause hypertension. This is confirmed by the presence of the highest level of reactive anxiety in patients with hypertension of the 1st stage on the background of the lowest personal anxiety which is the basis for the occurrence of the disease. With the progression of hypertension there are more profound changes in the personality of the patient, which is accompanied by the accumulation of personal anxiety, which can lead to a depressive state of neurotic genesis, which we observed with its complication. On the basis of a comprehensive study, the effect of stress on the occurrence of a syndrome of psychoemotional stress is shown, which leads to a steady increase in blood pressure - hypertension, and with its subsequent action complicates its course.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(4) 2020 p.722-729
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induce Regulatory T-cell Population in Human SLE
Authors: Ikhsan Riyadh , Putra Agung , Munir Delfitri , Darlan Dewi Masyithah , Suntoko Bantar , Kustiyah Azizah Retno , Alif Iffan , Prasetio Ardi
Published: April 2020

Background: The mechanisms underlying peripheral disorders during systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were found to be shared with tolerance disorders and mediated by T-regulator (T-reg) cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may inhibit T-cell subset differentiation and induce the T-reg cell phenotype. However, the capacity of MSCs to promote functional T-reg cells in SLE patients remains unclear.

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the capacity of MSCs to induce the production of functional CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ T-reg cells, in vitro, under co-culture conditions with human SLE cells.

Methods: This study used a pre- and post-test control group design. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were extracted from SLE patients at the Kariadi Hospital, and MSCs were derived from human umbilical cords (hUCs) The PBMC control group was treated with standard medium, and the treatment group was co-cultured with hUC-MSCs. After 24 hours of co-culture incubation, T-reg cells were removed from the PBMC pool, using magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS), and the population was assessed using the trypan blue exclusion assay.

Results: A significant increase in the population of T-reg cells was observed (P < 0.001) after 24 hours of co-culture incubation with hUC-MSCs.

Conclusion: This study concluded that MSCs have the capacity to enhance the T-reg population in human SLE PBMCs.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(4) 2020 p.743-748
UVB Dose Optimization for Phototherapy in Vitamin D Deficiency : Profile Analysis of Vitamin D, TNF-α, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) in Wistar Rats
Authors: Arsita Cynthia , Nasihun Taufiqurrachman , Hussaana Atina
Published: April 2020

Background : UVB radiation responsible for the most important biological effects including Vitamin D3 synthesis and inflammation. UVB radiation are absorbed by 7-dehydrocholesterol in the plasma membrane of epidermal cells resulting in production of cis-previtamin D3. In the other hand, an exposure to UVB leads to cutaneous tissue inflammation modulates by TNF-α which also increases platelet activating factor. VEGF and PDGF induced by TNF-α during wound healing, characterized with angiogenesis and reephitalization. Furthermore, vitamin D plays a role in inflammation inhibition and upregulates growth factors. However, the study of the mechanism has not yet been thoroughly investigated.

Methods: This study uses post test only group design, subjected wistar rats divided into four groups. Control group, non irradiated with UVB, and the other three groups, treated with graded UVB dose started with 1 MED (50 mJ/cm2), 2 MED (100mJ/cm2) and 3 MED (150 mJ/cm2) and investigated at 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours post UVB irradiation.

Result : The serum level of vitamin D, VEGF and PDGF were increasing due to UVB dose addition. The highest level was reached at 6 hours post radiation using 3 MED, which gradually decrease up to 48 hours (p =0,000). The rise of vitamin D after UVB radiation, inhibit TNF-α induction in every dose accordant UVB dose addition and the lowest level is using 3 MED at 12 hours post radiation (p =0,000). TNF-α reach its highest level at 24 hours post radiation using 1 MED, it is related with the acute phase of inflammation.

Conclusion : This study reveal that higher UVB irradiance increases vitamin D and inhibit TNF-α which also promotes VEGF and PDGF.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(4) 2020 p.749-754