bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can Payment-per-Click Induce Improvements in Click Fraud Identification Technologies?
Authors: Chen Min , Jacob Varghese S. , Radhakrishnan Suresh , Ryu Young U.
Published: November 2015

Pay-per-click (PPC) is a common pricing model used to pay for ads on the Web and is open to the possibility for click fraud, where clicks are not from a legitimate user. Identifying click fraud is generally done in a three-stage process: the service provider (SP) first classifies clicks as fraudulent or not, then the advertiser does the same with a different technology, and if there is a disagreement, the SP examines further and his conclusions are considered binding. The advertiser pays for clicks that are identified as valid in the first two stages or confirmed as valid in the last stage. We model the choice of the identification technologies as a double moral hazard problem. We analyze the case where the PPC is incentive compatible to overcome the moral hazard problem, and examine the question of whether the incentive compatible PPC is sufficient to incentivize the two parties to unilaterally make further improvements to their identification technologies and simultaneously increase their profits. We show that when the cost of the third-stage identification technology is large, which is likely to be the case because of its complexity and use of expensive human experts, the incentive compatible PPC does not support unilateral technological improvements. We then examine a setting where the third-stage identification is delegated to a third party and find that this arrangement can induce unilateral improvements to the identification technologies in the first two stages. Collectively our results show that although the PPC model itself may not induce improvements in the first two stages of click fraud identification, a common arrangement espoused of having a third party resolve disagreements helps make PPC support unilateral technological improvements. Accordingly, we show an indirect benefit to the third-party arrangement.
Incentive Problems in Performance-Based Online Advertising Pricing: Cost per Click vs. Cost per Action
Authors: Hu Yu (Jeffrey) , Shin Jiwoong , Tang Zhulei
Published: November 2015

The multibillion-dollar online advertising industry continues to debate whether to use the cost per click (CPC) or cost per action (CPA) pricing model as an industry standard. This paper applies the economic framework of incentive contracts to study how these pricing models can lead to risk sharing between the publisher and the advertiser and incentivize them to make efforts that improve the performance of online ads. We find that, compared with the CPC model, the CPA model can better incentivize the publisher to make efforts that can improve the purchase rate. However, the CPA model can cause an adverse selection problem: the winning advertiser tends to have a lower profit margin under the CPA model than under the CPC model. We identify the conditions under which the CPA model leads to higher publisher (or advertiser) payoffs than the CPC model. Whether publishers (or advertisers) prefer the CPA model over the CPC model depends on the advertisers’ risk aversion, uncertainty in the product market, and the presence of advertisers with low immediate sales ratios. Our findings indicate a conflict of interest between publishers and advertisers in their preferences for these two pricing models. We further consider which pricing model offers greater social welfare.

This paper was accepted by J. Miguel Villas-Boas, marketing.
Atrial fibrillation
Authors: Palmer Sarah Jane
Published: November 2015

This section presents a concise overview of the conditions, treatments and clinical procedures in the field of cardiovascular care. This ‘back-to-basics’ article aims to refresh nurses' knowledge on correct practice, as well as introduce students and junior nurses to procedures
Meeting the unmet support needs of BME men with prostate cancer
Authors: Cremin Mary
Published: November 2015

Men with prostate cancer from black and minority ethnic (BME) communities have reported many unmet information and support needs. A literature review identified the many challenges health professionals face in addressing these unmet needs, and suggested that not enough is known about the psychosocial effects of a prostate cancer diagnosis on men from BME communities in the UK. Affected men may have little or no awareness or knowledge of prostate cancer, receive inadequate information and fear the disease. Nurses can address these issues through improving patients' knowledge and awareness of prostate cancer, providing high-quality information to patients and their families, alleviating fear and promoting survivorship among this minority group; they can also facilitate staff training. Health professionals should look beyond the physical effects and consider the psychosocial effects of such a diagnosis when assessing the needs of these men. Practitioners need to overcome the various challenges to meeting these needs to provide more effective care to men from BME groups.
Recommended frequency of ABPI review for patients wearing compression hosiery
Authors: Furlong Winnie
Published: November 2015

This paper is a sequel to the article ‘How often should patients in compression have ABPI recorded?’ ( Furlong, 2013 ). Monitoring ankle brachial pressure index (ABPI) is essential, especially in those patients wearing compression hosiery, as it can change over time ( Simon et al, 1994 ; Pankhurst, 2004 ), particularly in the presence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Leg ulceration caused by venous disease requires graduated compression ( Wounds UK, 2002 ; Anderson, 2008). Once healed, compression hosiery is required to help prevent ulcer recurrence ( Vandongen and Stacey, 2000 ). The Royal College of Nursing ( RCN, 2006 ) guidelines suggest 3-monthly reviews, including ABPI, with no further guidance. Wounds UK (2002) suggests that patients who have ABPI<0.9, diabetes, reduced mobility or symptoms of claudication should have at least 3/12 Doppler, and that those in compression hosiery without complications who are able to report should have vascular assessment yearly.
The use of smart technology to deliver efficient and effective pressure-damage education
Authors: Rajpaul Kumal , Acton Claire
Published: November 2015

This article outlines an innovative joint working strategy, as well as a partnership project, between two NHS Foundation Trusts—a community trust and industry partner—to develop a mobile training app to deliver pressure ulcer prevention and management for clinical staff. The aim of the innovation was to enable a new way of delivering education to large numbers of staff by moving away from traditional classroom-based training. The process included development of the app, along with testing and implementation, followed by a review of the qualitative data after the app's implementation. The review takes into account the key outcomes that have had an impact on this method of delivering education, its challenges and how it has been received by clinical staff and patients.
Going green: using a bio-cellulose membrane for patients with chronic non-healing wounds
Authors: Leak Kathleen , Johnson Sue
Published: November 2015

A 20-patient evaluation was undertaken on the most chronic non-healing wounds that had been present in excess of 6 months. Patients were treated with a biotechnology dressing that is provided in a mesh and gel combination. Eighteen of out 20 patients went on to heal. Cost effectiveness examined the cost associated with maintaining non-healing wounds where all alternative therapies had failed. Nursing time both in outpatients and home visits were included. A wide variety of secondary dressings were applied according to clinical preference as the new dressings are designed as a direct wound contact mesh. This is a very new concept to wound care, with initial unit cost being high, but the possibilities of natural plant extracts that can mimic collagen synthesis is exciting. Both the staff and patients have seen a marked improvement, with up to date no recurrence. Further studies need to be undertaken to establish if these early findings are repeatable.
»Dichte Beschreibung« in der Arktis
Authors: Schellhammer Barbara
Published: November 2015

Clifford Geertz (1926-2006) war einer der bedeutendsten Kulturanthropologen des 20. Jahrhunderts. Wie wichtig seine Vorstellung von Kultur als sinnstiftendes Bedeutungsgewebe heute noch ist, zeigt die erschütternde Gewalt von Menschen, die befürchten müssen, dass ihr sozio-kulturelles Netz Risse und Löcher bekommt, sie Halt und Orientierung verlieren. Die Geschichte und prekäre Situation der Inuit verdeutlicht diese Zusammenhänge. Barbara Schellhammer verbindet das Geertz'sche Denken mit dessen konkreter Anwendung in Nordkanada und bietet somit neue Perspektiven und Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten - sowohl für die sozialwissenschaftliche Theoriebildung als auch für die besorgniserregende psycho-soziale Lage der Inuit.
Presence and antibiotic susceptibility of Listeria monocytogenes in retail meat and meat products
Authors: DoÄŸruer Yusuf , Telli Nihat , Telli Arife Ezgi , GÃ¼ner Ahmet
Published: November 2015

In this study total of 200 samples including red meat, ready to eat meat (RTE) and traditional red meat products were taken from butcher shops and supermarkets and analyzed for the presence of L. monocytogenes. Presence of Listeria spp. was investigated with cultural and PCR methods. Susceptibility of the isolates to 18 antibiotics were determined by disk diffusion method.19 out of 200 samples (9.5 %) were found to be contaminated with Listeria spp. The isolates were identified as L.monocytogenes, L. innocua, L. seeligeri, L. welshimeri, L. ivanovii; 22.10 %, 55.79 %, 11.58 %, 6.32 %, 4.21 % respectively. L. monocytogenes were isolated from meat pieces (2/40), minced meat (3/40) and hamburger (1/20).All of the L. monocytogenes isolates were susceptible to three antibiotics (Amoxycillin/Clavulonic acid, Sulphamethoxazole/ Trimethoprim and Vancomycin) and resistance to one antibiotic (Clindamicin).As a result, it was evaluated that minced meat and meat pieces was the highest rate (83.3 %, 5/6) of contamination with L. monocytogenes. Determination of non-pathogenic Listeria spp. is found to be important because of the indicator of L. monocytogenes. Hereby, the results presented in this study indicated the potential risk of raw meat and meat products on infection with L. monocytogenes.
Editorial
Authors: Pawlak Mirosław
Published: November 2015

With the present issue, Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching enters the fifth year of its existence, a year that has already started on a very positive note as the journal has just been included in the European Reference Index for the Humanities (ERIH PLUS). This, as well as the fact that SSLLT has been indexed or abstracted in other prestigious databases, constitutes tangible proof of the growing recognition that it has been gaining in the field. It is also likely to contribute to a considerable increase in the number of citations, something that we need really badly if we want to have the journal listed by the Thomson Reuters Master Journal List. This is certainly a goal that we will be vigorously pursuing and I am confident that we will be able to accomplish it in the near future. Obviously, the number of citations depends in the main on the quality of the papers published because only the best ones stand the chance of being referred to by other specialists, particularly those who routinely publish their work in the most prestigious journals in the field. We are doing our best to ensure the highest possible quality of the papers that appear in SSLLT and one way to do it is to invite renowned scholars as guest editors of thematic issues. This is exactly what is going to happen this year since Sarah Mercer and Stephen Ryan have kindly agreed to put together two issues of the journal which will include papers based on presentations delivered during the first conference on psychology and language learning, which was held in Graz in May, 2014. The line-up of contributors to these two issues is really impressive and they will surely be a real treat for our readers. This is by no means to suggest that the papers included in the regular editions are any less valuable or engaging, as amply demonstrated by the present one.
Multiple perspectives on the self in SLA, Editors: Sarah Mercer and Marion Williams, Publisher: Multilingual Matters, 2014, ISBN: 978-1-78309-134-8, Pages: 188.
Authors: Pawlak Mirosław
Published: November 2015

Book review
An investigation of Chinese university EFL learner’s foreign language reading anxiety, reading strategy use and reading comprehension performance
Authors: Lu Zhongshe , Liu Meihua
Published: November 2015

The present study explored the interrelations between foreign language (FL) reading anxiety, FL reading strategy use and their interactive effect on FL reading comprehension performance at the tertiary level in China. Analyses of the survey data collected from 1702 university students yielded the following results: (a) Both Foreign Language Reading Anxiety Scale (FLRAS) and Foreign Language Reading Strategy Use Scale (FLRSUS) had important subcomponents, (b) more than half of the students generally did not feel anxious when reading English, and were confident in and satisfied with their English reading proficiency. Meanwhile, (c) more than half of them moderately used different types of reading strategies such as planning, checking and confirming, predicting and assessing, when reading English, (d) compared with their female peers, male students felt significantly more anxious when facing reading activities, less satisfied with their English reading proficiency, and used specific analyzing and planning strategies significantly less often during a reading activity, (e) FLRAS was significantly inversely related to FLRSUS, and both were significantly correlated with the students’ FL reading comprehension performance, and (f) FLRAS (overall FL reading anxiety), FLRAS1 (general anxiety about FL reading), and FLRSUS2 (predicting strategies) were good predictors of FL reading comprehension performance. Based on the findings, some implications are discussed.
MSL in the digital ages: Effects and effectiveness of computer-mediated intervention for FL learners with dyslexia
Authors: Pfenninger Simone E.
Published: November 2015

The longitudinal intervention study reported here is the first to investigate the efficiency of computer learning software specifically designed for dyslexic Swiss German learners of Standard German as a second language (L2) and English as a third language (L3). A total of 40 subjects (20 of them dyslexics and 20 of them nondyslexics; 10 students from each group participated in in- terventions and the other 10 from each group served as control groups) were assessed with a battery of verbal and written pre- and posttests involving pho- nological/orthographic and semantic measures of their L2 and L3 before and after three months of daily intervention with the software. The results show that computer-based training in the L3 is potentially an important tool of intervention for dyslexic students as it has a positive effect on the components of L3 as well as L2 learning. As a consequence of their progress in acquiring the relationships between L3 graphemes and phonemes, the experimental groups, but not the control groups, made significant gains on L2 naming accuracy and speed, L2 and L3 word reading, L2 and L3 phonological awareness, and L2 and L3 receptive and productive vocabulary and comprehension tasks.
The handling of missing binary data in language research
Authors: Pichette François , Béland Sébastien , Jolani Shahab , Leśniewska Justyna
Published: November 2015

Researchers are frequently confronted with unanswered questions or items on their questionnaires and tests, due to factors such as item difficulty, lack of testing time, or participant distraction. This paper first presents results from a poll confirming previous claims (Rietveld & van Hout, 2006; Schafer & Gra- ham, 2002) that data replacement and deletion methods are common in research. Language researchers declared that when faced with missing answers of the yes/no type (that translate into zero or one in data tables), the three most common solutions they adopt are to exclude the participant’s data from the analyses, to leave the square empty, or to fill in with zero, as for an incorrect answer. This study then examines the impact on Cronbach’s α of five types of data insertion, using simulated and actual data with various numbers of participants and missing percentages. Our analyses indicate that the three most common methods we identified among language researchers are the ones with the greatest impact  n Cronbach's α coefficients; in other words, they are the least desirable solutions to the missing data problem. On the basis of our results, we make recommendations for language researchers concerning the best way to deal with missing data. Given that none of the most common simple methods works properly, we suggest that the missing data be replaced either by the item’s mean or by the participants’ overall mean to provide a better, more accurate image of the instrument’s internal consistency.
Qualitätssicherung in der bibliothekarischen Auskunft: Ein Best- Practice-Ansatz der Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Münster zur Sicherung der Recherchekompetenz
Authors: Kachel Angelika , Rosenberger Burkard
Published: November 2015

In der ULB Münster wurde mit der „Falldatenbank Recherchekompetenz“ ein kooperatives Instrument entwickelt, mit dessen Hilfe Mitarbeiter der Information ihre Recherchekompetenz sichern sowie Auszubildende, Praktikanten und neue Kollegen praxisnah in Recherchefragen eingearbeitet werden können. Dabei werden interessante Fragen aus der mündlichen und schriftlichen Auskunft sowie schwierige Fälle aus der passiven Fernleihe gesammelt und mit einer oder mehreren Lösungen versehen. Neben der Eigeninitiative sowie internen und externen Fortbildungsveranstaltungen ist die Falldatenbank als weiterer Fortbildungsbaustein vollständig in das Alltagsgeschäft der Informationsmitarbeiter integriert.
Immunoassay or LC-MS/MS for the measurement of salivary cortisol in children?
Authors: Bae Yoon Ju , Gaudl Alexander , Jaeger Sonia , Stadelmann Stephanie , Hiemisch Andreas , Kiess Wieland , Willenberg Anja , Schaab Michael , von Klitzing Kai , Thiery Joachim , Ceglarek Uta , Döhnert Mirko , Kratzsch Juergen
Published: November 2015

Background:

Dysregulation of the adrenal cortex has been assessed with measurement of salivary cortisol. So far salivary cortisol is routinely measured with immunoassay (IA). However, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (MS) is known to offer better specificity. We compared the concentrations of salivary cortisol measured by MS and IA at basal and stress induced conditions and evaluated reasons for the difference in method-dependent cortisol results.

Methods:

Saliva samples (n=2703) were collected from 169 children (age range: 8–14 years; 81 healthy children; 55 with internalizing and 33 with externalizing disorders) under circadian conditions and during the Trier Social Stress Test for Children (TSST-C). Biochemical analyses were performed with MS for cortisol and cortisone, IA (IBL, RE62011) for cortisol, and enzyme kinetic assay for α-amylase.

Results:

MS and IA showed mostly comparable results for circadian activity and TSST-C response with similar statistical power. However, IA measured cortisol concentrations about 2.39-fold higher than MS. We found that this difference in measured values between MS and IA was mainly due to different standardization of IA compared to MS. In addition, at cortisol IA concentration below 5 nmol/L, cross-reactivity with cortisone was found to contribute to the lower concordance between MS and IA.

Conclusions:

Immunoassay and LC-MS/MS were largely comparable in the interpretation of salivary cortisol dynamics in stress research. But the IA method revealed a restricted accuracy in the measuring range below 5 nmol/L.
Cascade assembling of pyrazolin-5-ones and benzylidenemalononitriles: the facile and efficient approach to medicinally relevant spirocyclopropylpyrazolone scaffold
Authors: Vereshchagin Anatoly N. , Elinson Michail N. , Korshunov Aleksander D. , Korolev Victor A. , Egorov Mikhail P.
Published: November 2015

A new cascade reaction provides a direct transformation of pyrazolin-5-ones and benzylidene-malononitriles by the action of bromine into substituted spirocyclopropylpyrazolones in 60–88% yields. This process can be realized in two variants, namely, (1) by treatment with bromine in the presence of base and (2) by treatment with bromine only with heating. These facile and efficient one-step cascade processes lead to the spirocyclopropylpyrazolone framework, which is present in a perspective class of compounds with prominent pharmacological and physiological activity.
Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) deletion protects against multiple low dose streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes in adult male mice
Authors: Alkharusi Amira , Mirecki-Garrido Mercedes , Ma Zuheng , Zadjali Fahad , Flores-Morales Amilcar , Nyström Thomas , Castrillo Antonio , Bjorklund Anneli , Norstedt Gunnar , Fernandez-Pérez Leandro
Published: November 2015

Background: Diabetes type 1 is characterized by the failure of beta cells to produce insulin. Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins are important regulators of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway. Previous studies have shown that GH can prevent the development of type I diabetes in mice and that SOCS2 deficiency mimics a state of increased GH sensitivity.

Methodology: The elevated sensitivity of SOCS2–/– mice to GH and possibly to PRL was the rationale to analyze the effects of multiple low dose streptozotocin (MLDSTZ)-induced diabetes in SOCS2–/– mice.

Results: We show that 6-month-old SOCS2–/– mice, but not 2-month-old mice, were less sensitive to MLDSTZ-induced diabetes, compared to controls. MLDSTZ treatment induced glucose intolerance in both SOCS2+/+ and SOCS2–/– mice, as shown by glucose tolerance tests, with SOCS2+/+ mice showing a more marked intolerance, compared to SOCS2–/– mice. Furthermore, insulin tolerance tests showed that the SOCS2–/– mice have an improved hypoglycemic response to exogenous insulin, compared to SOCS2+/+ mice. Moreover, in isolated islets, lipotoxic effects on insulin release could partly be overcome by ligands, which bind to GH or PRL receptors.

Conclusion: Knockdown of SOCS2 makes mice less sensitive to MLDSTZ. These results are consistent with the proposal that elimination of SOCS2 in pancreatic islets creates a state of β-cell hypersensitivity to GH/PRL that mimics events in pregnancy, and which is protective against MLDSTZ-induced type I diabetes in mice. SOCS2-dependent control of β-cell survival may be of relevance to islet regeneration and survival in transplantation.
Big Bad Pharma
Authors: Singler Beth
Published: November 2015

Academic interest in the New Age movement has focused primarily on the emic narratives of hope and utopianism that the term “New Age” appears to exemplify. A particular example is the concept of the Indigo Children, described as an intuitive, spiritual generation appearing since the late 1970s to usher in a golden age. In this article I argue that the perceived uniqueness of the Indigo Child and the concept’s demedicalization of problems such as autism and ADHD have created narratives in which “Big Pharma” is seen as conspiring to create disorders, damaging vaccinations, and harmful genetically modified organisms.
2012 Millennialism Becomes Conspiracist Teleology
Authors: Whitesides Kevin A.
Published: November 2015

Due to shared conceptions of the degeneracy of the modern era and a common distrust of mainstream narratives, New Age and conspiratorial milieus have often cross-fertilized. Conspiracy narratives can provide accounts of the types of corruption to be remedied by the advent of the next world age, and prophetic narratives of a new age can provide a teleological focus for the eventual success or defeat of the conspiracy. New Age interest in the millenarian significance of the Maya Long Count calendar took hold in the 1970s as an array of expectations for an approaching golden age around the year 2012. As such expectations became a more well-established commodity in countercultural circles, the associated dates were eventually incorporated into a variety of conspiracy narratives. Each innovator of 2012 conspiracism adapted this dating scheme into his or her own context in a manner that is exemplary of the improvisational style that Michael Barkun noticed to be prevalent in contemporary American conspiracy discourse; “2012” became utilized as a teleological trope which could be incorporated wherever such a temporal focus was desired.
Conspiracy Theories and the Study of Alternative and Emergent Religions
Authors: Robertson David G.
Published: November 2015

This introduction addresses a number of approaches to the emerging field of the study of conspiracy theories and new and alternative religions. Scholars can examine how certain religious groups have been the subject of conspiracy narratives created by the wider culture, and how conspiracy narratives are mobilized within religious groups such as Aum Shinrikyo, Scientology or others. Moreover, we can fruitfully examine secular conspiracy theories through ideas typically applied to religions, such as theodicy, millenarianism, and esoteric claims to higher knowledge. Most studies assume that conspiracy theories indicate pathology—paranoia or simply stupidity. Increasingly however, scholars have begun to interpret the term “conspiracy theory” as operating polemically to stigmatize certain beliefs and ideas. The field therefore offers a microcosm of broader trends in the interplay of knowledge and power. The study of both new and emergent religions and conspiracy theories comes of age only when we cease to think of them as necessarily deviant and irrational.
Washitaw de Dugdahmoundyah
Authors: Dew Spencer
Published: November 2015

African American members of the Washitaw de Dugdahmoundyah religious movement claim to be legal heirs to the land annexed by the United States in the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. The Washitaw frame and advance this claim via legal discourse based upon counterfactual religious readings of the law, which they take to be universal, authoritative, and efficacious. The latter view, shared by various related communities, draws further validation from even negative encounters with the legal establishment. This article examines the Washitaw movement’s legal interpretations, particularly in the movement’s foundational text, Return of the Ancient Ones, and the Supreme Court’s decision in United States v. Henry Turner’s Heirs.
Knowledge-based 3D reconstruction of the right ventricle: comparison with cardiac magnetic resonance in adults with congenital heart disease
Authors: Trzebiatowska-Krzynska Aleksandra , Driessen Mieke , Sieswerda Gertjan Tj , Wallby Lars , Swahn Eva , Meijboom Folkert
Published: November 2015

Aim: Assessment of right ventricular (RV) function is a challenge, especially in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). The aim of the present study is to assess whether knowledge-based RV reconstruction, used in the everyday practice of an echo-lab for adult CHD in a tertiary referral center, is accurate when compared to cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) examination.

Subjects and methods: Adult patients who would undergo CMR for assessment of the RV were asked to undergo an echo of the heart for further knowledge-based reconstruction (KBR). Echocardiographic images were acquired in standard views using a predefined imaging protocol. RV volumes and ejection fraction (EF) calculated using knowledge-based technology were compared with the CMR data of the same patient.

Results: Nineteen consecutive patients with congenital right heart disease were studied. Median age of the patients was 28 years (range 46 years). Reconstruction was possible in 16 out of 19 patients (85%). RV volumes assessed with this new method were smaller than with CMR. Indexed end diastolic volumes were 114±17 ml vs 121±19 ml, P<0.05 and EFs were 45±8% vs 47±9%, P<0.05 respectively. The correlation between the methods was good with an intraclass correlation of 0.84 for EDV and 0.89 for EF, P value <0.001 in both cases.

Conclusion: KBR enables reliable measurement of RVs in patients with CHDs and can be used in clinical practice for analysis of volumes and EFs.
Sphincterodiplostomum musculosum (Digenea, Diplostomidae) in Geophagus brasiliensis (Perciformes, Cichlidae) collected in a lake at Dois Córregos, São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Rocha Rodrigo Severiano , Pelegrini Larissa Sbeghen , Camargo Aline de Almeida , Abdallah Vanessa Doro , Azevedo Rodney Kozlowiski de
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT: Geophagus brasiliensis is a freshwater cichlid distributed throughout the whole South America. It is a territorial fish, generally omnivorous, which preferentially inhabits the bottom of water bodies. Previous studies have reported species of digenetic trematodes parasitizing G. brasiliensis. This study identifies the Sphincterodiplostomum musculosum Dubois, 1936, a Diplostomidae digenetic, commonly found in many teleostean species. More than 50% of the hosts analyzed had their eyes infected with metacercariae of S. musculosum. A positive correlation was observed between the hosts standard length and the abundance of S. musculosum, a fact that corroborates with other studies on this parasite. This paper reports the first occurrence of S. musculosum in G. brasiliensis, which is also the first record in Dois Córregos City, São Paulo State, Brazil.
1-methylcyclopropene effects on volatile profile and quality of 'Royal Gala' apples produced in Southern Brazil and stored in controlled atmosphere
Authors: Thewes Fabio Rodrigo , Both Vanderlei , Brackmann Auri , Ferreira Daniele de Freitas , Wagner Roger
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT: Apple volatile aroma depends of complex interaction among organic compounds. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) application on volatile profile and quality on 'Royal Gala' apples produced in Southern Brazil and stored under controlled atmosphere condition (CA; 1.0kPa O2+1.2kPa CO2; 0.5±0.1°C; 94±1% relative humidity). Volatile profile was determined after eight month of CA storage plus 7 days of shelf life via solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer. In the volatile profile were identified 8 esters, 11 alcohols, 6 aldehydes, 6 acids, 2 ketones, 1 ether and 1 terpene. 1-MCP application reduced significantly the main volatile compounds production by 'Royal Gala' apples produced in Southern Brazil. Its application decreases significantly the esters production, especially 2-methyl-butyl acetate and hexyl acetate, compared to 'Royal Gala' apples storage under CA. 1-methylcyclopropene application decrease ethylene production and respiration rate. Apples treated with 1-MCP exhibit higher hexanal and 2(E)-hexenal production.
Comparison of the proximal tibial angles between Labrador Retrievers and other dog breeds with and without cranial cruciate ligament rupture
Authors: Arruda A. F. D. P. , Muzzi L. A. L. , Muzzi R. A. L. , Lacreta Júnior A. C. C. , Oberlender G. , Silva W. G.
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTThe influence of the proximal tibia conformation in the rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) in dogs is still controversial, especially in Labrador Retrievers. The aim of this study was to compare the angles of the proximal tibia between Labrador Retrievers and other large breeds of dogs, both groups with and without CCL rupture. Radiographic images of 64 stifle joints were obtained and divided into four groups of 16 images. Group 1 consisted of Labrador dogs without orthopedic disorders, group 2 consisted of Labrador dogs with CCL rupture, group 3 consisted of dogs of various large breeds without orthopedic disorders, and group 4 consisted of dogs of various large breeds with CCL rupture. The radiographs were performed in mediolateral projection with the stifle joint positioned at an approximate angle of 135°. The tibial plateau angle showed an overall average of 22.17°±4.20°, and there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. The patellar ligament angle in relation to the tibial plateau had a mean of 103°±4.20°, and there was a significant difference between groups 1 and 4. The patellar ligament angle in relation to the common tangent at the tibiofemoral contact point showed an average of 99.06°±6.08°, and there was no difference between the groups. The patellar ligament insertion angle had an overall average of 51.45°±5.06°, and there was a significant difference between the two groups of normal dogs and two groups of ruptured dogs. In conclusion, the tibial plateau angle, the patellar ligament angles and the patellar ligament insertion angle do not seem to be predisposing factors for rupture of the CCL in Labrador Retriever dogs. In general, there seems to be no relationship between the angles of the proximal tibia and the CCL rupture in dogs.
EPISTEMOLOGIA CRÍTICA DO CONCRETO E MOMENTOS DA PESQUISA: UMA PROPOSIÇÃO PARA OS ESTUDOS ORGANIZACIONAIS
Authors: FARIA JOSÉ HENRIQUE DE
Published: November 2015

RESUMOO objetivo deste estudo é propor, a partir de uma epistemologia crítica do concreto (ECC), um procedimento metodológico que explicite os três momentos fundamentais de toda a pesquisa orientada por tal epistemologia. Não se trata de um roteiro a ser seguido, mas de uma reflexão sobre a forma processual de ação do pesquisador que tem a finalidade de orientá-lo em sua prática de maneira que ele possa compreendê- la. A pesquisa não se realiza de forma automática, direta e simples. Toda a pesquisa comporta momentos distintos, porém integrados, em seu processo de realização. Tais momentos não se reduzem a contatos e tampouco à quantidade de vezes em que o sujeito pesquisador estabelece relações com o objeto de sua pesquisa, mas às formas como essas relações se desenvolvem e se transformam. São, de fato, momentos caracteristicamente distintos e integrados de apropriação do real pelo pensamento a partir do real. Cada momento da pesquisa é constituído de um conjunto de ações interativas entre o pesquisador e o seu objeto, e não há uma sucessão predefinida de eventos tais que de um momento a outro haja uma passagem linear, natural e automática. O pesquisador evolui de um momento a outro quando supera as limitações de cada momento anterior, porém não de forma sucessiva, pois não existe qualquer garantia de que, a partir das ações interativas do sujeito pesquisador com o objeto, não haja necessidade de se voltar ao entendimento de determinados elementos constitutivos da fase anterior. A proposição dos três momentos da pesquisa em uma ECC para os estudos organizacionais procura sugerir que toda a pesquisa, nessa dimensão, é um processo que tem o real como primazia e que a relação do sujeito pesquisador com o concreto não é direta, imediata, simples e definitiva. Há um ir e vir necessário entre o sujeito e a realidade estudada para que ele possa apreendê-la em sua totalidade cognoscível e, portanto, em sua essência dinâmica e contraditória, e não apenas em sua aparência fenomênica.
DETERMINANTES DO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE COMPETÊNCIAS COLETIVAS NA GESTÃO DE PESSOAS
Authors: LIMA JANDMARA DE OLIVEIRA , SILVA ANIELSON BARBOSA DA
Published: November 2015

RESUMOEste artigo objetiva identificar os fatores determinantes para o desenvolvimento de competências coletivas dos servidores da área de gestão de pessoas da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG). Para balizar teoricamente a compreensão do fenômeno, fez-se uma revisão da literatura sobre a noção, o processo e os fatores individuais e organizacionais associados ao desenvolvimento de competências coletivas. O estudo, de natureza qualitativa, foi realizado com gestores e servidores da Secretaria de Recursos Humanos (SRH) da UFCG, a partir de entrevistas e de grupos focais. A análise dos resultados possibilitou a identificação de oito determinantes do desenvolvimento de competências coletivas. Alguns fatores identificados representam limitações para a formação de competências em nível coletivo e outros facilitam esse desenvolvimento. A ausência da unidade de equipe é um fator limitante no desenvolvimento de competências coletivas em decorrência da fragmentação das atividades e da falta de integração entre as coordenações. Com base nos resultados do estudo, considera-se que a pesquisa traz uma contribuição teórico-prática para o contexto do setor público. Em relação à contribuição teórica, o estudo reúne as principais abordagens sobre o tema que balizaram a categorização proposta nos resultados, o que possibilita uma análise mais ampla dos aspectos conceituais e permite uma avaliação crítica da difusão da Política Nacional de Desenvolvimento de Pessoal. Como contribuição prática, o estudo apresenta elementos que podem fundamentar um projeto de gestão por competências no contexto social da pesquisa, bem como em outras instituições públicas. Tanto as barreiras identificadas quanto os fatores determinantes das competências coletivas, conforme descritos neste trabalho, podem ser úteis no planejamento da implantação de um sistema de gestão por competências não apenas com enfoque no indivíduo, mas também no ambiente coletivo. Apesar de o estudo ter sido feito em um contexto específico (SRH), de uma universidade específica (UFCG), acredita-se que os resultados desta pesquisa também podem caracterizar outros contextos institucionais, em função da trajetória histórica, cultural e social comum e marcada por dispositivos legais que orientam as decisões estratégicas e operacionais da gestão de pessoas nas instituições federais de ensino superior (Ifes).
ESTUDO COMPARATIVO DO VIÉS DO STATUS QUO E PERFIL DE RISCO EM TOMADAS DE DECISÕES POR ESTUDANTES DE CURSOS DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO
Authors: SAURIN VALTER , VAREJÃO JOSÉ MANUEL JANEIRA , COSTA JR. NEWTON CARNEIRO AFFONSO DA , PRATES WLADEMIR RIBEIRO
Published: November 2015

RESUMONo contexto da gestão financeira de uma organização, existem padrões comportamentais que podem enviesar o processo de tomada de decisões, fazendo que o gestor financeiro não consiga atingir seu objetivo de maximização de valor em atividades ligadas às decisões financeiras, principalmente àquelas relacionadas a investimentos. Um desses vieses é denominado de status quo. De acordo com Samuelson e Zeckhauser (1988), esse viés indica que os indivíduos tendem a manter o estado atual de seu portfólio e têm dificuldades em mudar de posição patrimonial. Esta pesquisa procura verificar se existe relação entre o viés do status quo, o perfil de risco e a habilidade quantitativa, em estudantes de pós-graduação em Economia, Contabilidade e Gestão. Para essa finalidade, realizou-se uma pesquisa com 330 estudantes de pós-graduação da Universidade do Porto (Portugal) e da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (Brasil). Para o cálculo e apresentação dos indicadores que apontam para a presença do status quo, a metodologia utilizada foi baseada em Samuelson e Zeckhauser (1988). Além disso, realizaram-se análises de regressão para buscar uma relação entre o perfil de risco dos participantes e o status quo, incluindo variáveis de controle. Os resultados mostraram que os respondentes propensos ao risco parecem não ter sido afetados pelo viés do status quo em suas decisões, diferentemente dos demais. Quanto aos participantes que estudaram finanças comportamentais previamente nos cursos de licenciatura e/ou graduação (uma proxy para o conhecimento prévio do viés estudado), verificou-se, em média, um aumento de respostas nas opções alternativas ao status quo. No entanto, a presença do viés ainda foi predominante no total de respostas obtidas. Isso mostra que os respondentes que haviam estudado finanças comportamentais optaram mais por opções alternativas do que os outros, porém, mesmo esses indivíduos apresentaram o viés do status quo. Dessa forma, enfatiza-se a importância de compreender a influência de vieses comportamentais nas tomadas de decisões, pois eles podem comprometer decisões importantes dentro de uma organização.
Profile and pattern of crack consumption among inpatients in a Brazilian psychiatric hospital
Authors: Cunha Silvia Mendes da , Araujo Renata Brasil , Bizarro Lisiane
Published: November 2015

Introduction: Crack cocaine use is associated with polydrug abuse, and inpatients dependent on crack exhibit profiles of serious consumption patterns. Use of alcohol and tobacco and other drugs is a risk factor for experimentation of additional drugs, including crack cocaine.Objectives:The present study describes the characteristics and crack consumption patterns among inpatients in treatment during 2011 and 2012 at the Hospital Psiquiátrico São Pedro (Porto Alegre, Brazil). An additional objective was to identify the sequence of alcohol and tobacco consumption prior to crack use.Methods: The participants were 53 male inpatients addicted to crack with a mean age of 27.5±7.3 years. A sociodemographic questionnaire; the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test and the Mini Mental State Examination were all administered to participants. Inclusion criteria were crack cocaine dependency (based on the 10th edition of the International Classification of Diseases [ICD-10]) and being abstinent for 7 days. Patients with cognitive difficulties who were unable to understand and/or respond to the questionnaires were excluded from the sample.Results: The participants were young male adults with low educational level and low incomes and were polydrug users. The majority had made more than one attempt to quit. Use of legal drugs in early adolescence, prior to crack use, was identified.Conclusions: The profiles of the inpatients addicted to crack treated at this hospital indicate a serious usage pattern among those who seek specialized support. Crack use is frequent and is associated with use of other drugs and with difficulty sustaining abstinence. The pattern of progression from alcohol and tobacco use to crack cocaine dependency demands the attention of those responsible for prevention policies.
Countertransference and therapeutic alliance in the early stage of adult psychodynamic psychotherapy
Authors: Machado Diogo de Bitencourt , Teche Stefania Pigatto , Lapolli Catherine , Tavares Beatriz Franck , Almeida Laura Sigaran Pio de , Silva Giovana Barreto da , Magalhães Pedro Vieira da Silva , Eizirik Cláudio Laks
Published: November 2015

Objectives:The primary objective of this study was to assess the relationship between countertransference (CT) and therapeutic alliance (TA) during the early stages of psychodynamic psychotherapy. A secondary objective is to assess associations between CT and variables related to therapist and patient and between CT and other patient variables investigated, which were defense mechanisms, symptomology and functionality.Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study that enrolled 30 patients treated by 17 different therapists at the psychotherapy clinics of two psychiatry centers. Assessments of each patient-therapist pair were conducted between their fourth and 10th sessions.Results: The CT distance domain exhibited a moderate negative correlation with TA, particularly its sub-dimension representing the patient's capacity for work in therapy. Moderate positive correlations were observed between CT distance and the splitting defense mechanism and between CT closeness and suppression defenses, in addition to moderate negative correlation between CT indifference and the fantasy defense mechanism. Another finding was higher scores for CT indifference in association with socioeconomic classes D and E.Conclusions: The quality of CT may provide a source of information about TA. A high degree of CT distance represents a low level of TA, particularly with relation to the patient's working capacity, although presence of the splitting defense mechanism can affect CT, to the extent that it constitutes a confounding variable. The concept of CT is useful to psychotherapists, providing a source of information about the patient's internal world and about certain elements of therapy, such as the quality of TA, which is important for good treatment results.
Políticas del espectro de John Cage: su obra musical a través de Jacques Derrida
Authors: Bórquez Gustavo Celedón
Published: November 2015

Resumo:En una aproximación filosófica al trabajo del compositor estadounidense John Cage, se aplican las nociones derrideanas de espectro y fantasma para comprender su concepción del sonido y revelar la condición política de su arte. Esta condición está absolutamente ligada a un deseo de justicia que nace en las raíces de una América devastada por el dominio europeo. Su manifestación, en la obra de Cage, es la intervención y el desarme de la música occidental. De esta manera, el trabajo artístico, según John Cage, está siempre arraigado a un trabajo político cuyo horizonte es la justicia, horizonte que, en efecto, Jacques Derrida ha puesto como condición de todo hacer.
A Musicoterapia e o Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo: uma abordagem informada pelas neurociências para a prática clínica
Authors: Sampaio Renato Tocantins , Loureiro Cybelle Maria Veiga , Gomes Cristiano Mauro Assis
Published: November 2015

Resumo:Nos últimos anos, muitos estudos em neurociências têm buscado compreender como o sistema nervoso está estruturado, como funciona em pessoas com desenvolvimento global típico e atípico, e como este sistema nervoso processa a música enquanto estímulo percebido e ação no mundo. A integração destes conhecimentos na prática clínica musicoterapêutica pode fornecer novas explicações sobre o modo pelo qual o uso terapêutico da música promove melhoras da saúde, bem como subsidiar o desenvolvimento de novas abordagens clínicas de tratamento, avaliação diagnóstica e avaliação do processo terapêutico. Este artigo apresenta uma fundamentação nas neurociências para uma prática clínica musicoterapêutica com foco na melhora da comunicação não-verbal e da interação social de crianças e adolescentes com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo.
Qualidade de voz no estilo de canto heavy metal
Authors: Meireles Alexsandro Rodrigues , Cavalcante Frederico Grama
Published: November 2015

Resumo:Este artigo analisa a voz cantada em registros altos no estilo heavy metal com a utilização de um perfil de voz baseado na percepção (VPAS). Seu principal objetivo é fornecer um embasamento científico sobre um tema tratado subjetivamente pela literatura musical. Foram utilizados dois cantores profissionais e dois amadores na análise. Suas produções vocais foram analisadas individualmente e, posteriormente, comparadas. Juízes treinados, incluindo professores de canto, fonoaudiólogos e foneticistas, avaliaram essas amostras por meio do perfil de análise de voz VPAS. Os resultados indicam estratégias articulatórias distintas na produção de notas em registros altos nos dois grupos de cantores.
Imagens do Brasil na música erudita do século XX: reflexões conceituais sobre identidades culturais brasileiras
Authors: Menezes Potiguara Curione
Published: November 2015

Resumo:O presente artigo trata do processo de construção de imagens na elaboração da identidade cultural expressa na música erudita brasileira, durante o século XX. Para isso, buscou-se apontar algumas questões conceituais, relacionadas à narrativa, às criações de imagens e à identidade cultural, que são fundamentais para o entendimento da cultura brasileira como um sistema de representações culturais. Nesse sentido, tentamos traçar um quadro referencial (SALLES, 2005; KATER, 2001; CONTIER, 1978) de como se criaram algumas relações significativas entre determinados materiais musicais e elementos da cultura brasileira. Assim, partimos de reflexões em torno das ideias de sujeito, identidade, pertencimento, cultura e identidade nacional (HALL, 2006). Em seguida, procuramos entender o processo de construção das narrativas e imagens em torno de uma identidade cultural nacional, para, só então, compreender a relatividade das autoimagens coletivas (REZENDE, 2009; ORTIZ, 1994) que se fizeram presentes na música erudita brasileira neste período.