bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wood nematode species spectrum in the Mediterranean pine forests of Croatia
Authors: Đođ Nikolina , Cota Ejup , Pernek Milan
Published: July 2022

Background and purpose: This work presents the first research on wood nematodes in Croatia and it was done in order to address the question of the impact of dendropathogenic nematodes in pine stands in the coastal region of Croatia. To reveal this impact, the first step is the isolation and proper identification of the species spectrum of the existing wood nematodes. The aim of this study was to identify wood nematode species isolated from different pine tree species (Pinus halepensis, P. nigra, P. maritima) throughout the coastal region of Croatia and to identify their status as either pathogens or saprofits, which should build the basis for further research and understanding of the negative influence of this organisms on the decline of Mediterranian pine stands.   Materials and methods: The research was carried out in 2013 and 2014 and it was done along the entire coastal region of Croatia. The experiments were carried out at two levels: by sampling wood nematodes and by monitoring pine longhorn beetles. Wood samples of dry or partly dry trees of P. nigra, P. halepensis and P. pinaster were collected throughout the year in the form of rings, branches, sawdust or wood chips without bark on different heights on the trees. Two techniques were used for the extraction of nematodes: Baermann funnel technique and Cobb`s method. In samples with an increased number of nematodes, some nematodes were separated and preserved in DESS solution for further morphological and molecular analysis. In the spring of 2014, the  monitoring of pine longhorn beetle Monochamus galloprovincialis was done at 6 locations along the coastal region of Croatia were traps with pheromones were installed. The traps were placed in the treetops at a height of about 7 m in P. halepensis stands. The collected pine longhorn beetles were inspected for nematodes in the laboratory.   Results: Saprophytic nematodes from the families Rhabditidae, Diplogasteridae and Cephalobidae dominated in the samples. In 9 wood samples pathogenic nematodes which belong to the genus Bursaphelenchus: B. mucronatus, B. sexdentati and B. minutes were detected . The pine wood nematode B. xylophilus was not found in the collected samples. A total of 109 pine longhorn beetles have been caught in traps with pheromones and their analysis showed that neither B. xylophilus nor native wood nematodes were present on them..   Conclusions: This is the first record of wood nematodes in the coastal region of Croatia. The results of this research confirm the presence of nematodes and their possible influence on the process of pine decline of the  Mediterranean pine species in Croatia. The presence of M. galloprovincialis, the vector of highly damaging B. Xylophilus, has been confirmed during this research.
Quality assessment of high density digital surface model over different land cover classes
Authors: Balenović Ivan , Marjanović Hrvoje , Vuletić Dijana , Paladinić Elvis , Ostrogović Sever Maša Zorana , Indir Krunoslav
Published: July 2022

Background and Purpose: Recent research on generation of digital surface models (DSMs) using image matching methods revealed a great potential of DSM application in forestry, especially in forest inventory. However, research dealing with DSM generation from digital aerial images are still lacking in Croatia. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to present the workflow for generating high density DSM from colour infrared (CIR) digital stereo aerial images using area-based image matching algorithm. Materials and Methods: The high density DSM was generated from colour infrared digital aerial stereo images using Dense DTM algorithm of PHOTOMOD software - an area-based image matching algorithm which operates on the principle of cross-correlation approach. To evaluate the quality of the generated DSM, an agreement assessment with manual stereo measurements was conducted over three different land cover classes (forests, shrubs, grasslands) using the same images as for DSM generation. Results: The good vertical agreement between the generated DSM and stereo measurement was achieved for all three land cover classes present at the research area. The highest vertical agreement was obtained for the grassland land cover class (RMSE=0.36), slightly lower for forest (RMSE=0.62), whereas the lowest vertical agreement was obtained for shrub land cover class (RMSE=0.83). Conclusions: The results of this research are very promising and suggest that the high density DSM generated from digital aerial stereo images and by using the proposed methodology has the potential to be used in forestry, primarily in forest inventory. Therefore, further research should be focused on generation of CHM by subtracting available DTM from the high density DSM and on the examination of its potential for deriving various forest attributes.
Genetic identification of new alien pest species Illinoia liriodendri and its parasitoid Areopraon silvestre in Croatia
Authors: Franjević Milivoj , Glavaš Milan , Gotlin Čuljak Tanja , Hrašovec Boris , Franjević Damjan
Published: July 2022

Background and Purpose: During June 2015 in Zagreb city area (Croatia) samples of tulip tree (Liriodendron tulipifera) leaves were collected with symptoms of attack by some unknown aphid.Material and methods: Aphids were collected form leaves of tulip trees on different locations in Zagreb during July 2015. Total genomic DNA was extracted from ethanol-preserved specimens. PCR analysis was carried out and PCR products were purified from 1% agarose gel for sequencing purposes. The obtained sequences were deposited in GenBank.Results: The collected aphids were genetically determined as Illinoia liriodendri (Hemiptera, Aphididae), the North American invasive pest species. Although present in several neighboring countries on tulip trees in urban environment, this research presents the first record of Illinoia liriodendri for Croatia, confirmed on the genetic level. Interestingly enough, during genetic determination of tulip tree aphid pest, another DNA, one of parasitoid Areopraon silvestre (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) was also found in the collected samples. A. silvestere is a native European specialized solitary endoparasitoid of aphids.Conclusions: The presence of alien pest species Illinoia liriodendri was successfully determined via genetic identification. Also, genetic identification of parasitoid species on Illinoia liriodendri, Areopraon silvestre, shows the quick establishment of natural regulation of new pest species in Croatia.
Allelopathic potential of the invasive species Aster lanceolatus Willd.
Authors: Nešić Marija , Obratov-Petković Dragica , Skočajić Dragana , Bjedov Ivana , Đukić Matilda , Đunisijević-Bojović Danijela
Published: July 2022

Background and Purpose: Aster lanceolatus Willd. is a highly invasive plant in Serbia. However, mechanisms that allow A. lanceolatus to be so competitive and to become dominant in riverine plant communities are not clear. Several potentially allelopathic compounds have been identified in A. lanceolatus tissues and those substances could possibly contribute to the rapid spread of this species. Materials and Methods: In this paper, the allelopathic potential of Aster lanceolatus Willd. was studied. Lactuca sativa L. and Sinapis alba L. were selected as the bioassay species. Under laboratory conditions, different concentrations of aqueous extracts of A. lanceolatus were applied to determine their effect on seed germination and seedling growth of the test species. Influences of various aqueous extracts on the germination of bioassay species were tested using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). In addition, radicle and hypocotyl lengths and dry weight of seedlings were expressed as a percentage of growth inhibition of the control. Results and Conclusion: The bioassay present in this paper has shown that the aqueous extracts obtained from different vegetative organs of A. lanceolatus have an inhibitory effect on seed germination and seedling growth of the test species and that those potentially allelopathic compounds could contribute to the competitive ability of A. lanceolatus against native plants.   Keywords: Aster lanceolatus Willd., Compositae, invasive plants, allelopathy, bioassay
Distributional patterns of fecal indicator bacteria in spring area of Plitvice lakes National park
Authors: Vurnek Maja , Brozinčević Andrijana , Briški Felicita , Matoničkin Kepčija Renata
Published: July 2022

Background and purpose: Fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) have widespread use as indicators of water quality and health hazards. The purpose of this study was to determine distributional patterns of FIB and to assess their origin on several sites in spring area and in vertical profile of Prošćansko Lake in Plitvice Lakes National Park. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted from March to January 2013 on 9 sampling sites. Standard microbiological methods were used to determine densities of total coliforms (TC), fecal coliforms (FC), fecal streptococcus (FS), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PS) and Clostridium perfringens in water samples. Results and Conclusions: Source area sustained higher densities of FIB compared to Prošćansko Lake, throughout the study period. Sampling site White River below the village had highest values of certain FIB, indicating Plitvički Ljeskovac as main fecal pollution source. There were seasonal differences in TC and FC with July and October displaying increased densities, the latter probably due to heavy rainfall. The ratio FC/FS in July indicated contamination of mainly animal origin. At the sampling site of Matica River estuary in Prošćansko Lake, an increased densities of TC and FC bacteria were observed compared to other sites and depths, possibly due to source streams influence and stratification conditions. This study showed that the indicator bacteria of fecal contamination in the spring area of the Plitvice Lakes National Park are present and their quantity and distribution patterns depend on season, weather conditions and different effects in water column of the lake.  Keywords: total coliforms, fecal coliforms, FC/FS ratio, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, source streams, lake, protected area
Influence of pH and plant growth regulators on secondary metabolite production and antioxidant activity of Stevia rebaudiana (Bert)
Authors: Radić Sandra , Vujčić Valerija , Glogoški Marko , Radić-Stojković Marijana
Published: July 2022

Background and purpose: Beside being rich with sweet glycosides, Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is an interesting source of flavonoids and phenols. The current study aimed to assess the potential for increasing total phenols and flavonoids in S. rebaudiana tissue by varying concentrations of plant growth regulators (PGR) and pH levels of media. Materials and methods: The culture was established from seeds and propagated shoots were cultured on media of different pH levels (4.6, 5.8 and 7.4) and PGR. Total polyphenolics and free radical scavenging capability of leaf, callus and root extracts were determined. Shoot height, root length, shoot and root number were also recorded. Results: Shoot elongation and root development was stimulated by singly applied growth regulators though the values of both parameters were also satisfactory in PGR-free media. In the latter media, pH value of 4.6 was a main factor for increasing leaf metabolite levels. A most significant rise in phenols and flavonoids was evident in response to combination of BA either with GA3 or IAA compared to singly applied regulators indicating synergistic effects of PGR (especially of auxins and cytokinins). However, polyphenolics levels and their distribution between different tissues were also influenced by medium pH value. A positive correlation was found between antioxidant activity of S. rebaudiana extracts and phenols and flavonoids.Conclusions: The results show that PGR and medium pH value strongly affect accumulation of secondary metabolites and can lead to significant enhancement in productivity of bioactive polyphenolics in S. rebaudiana plant cultures. Keywords: Stevia, phenols, flavonoids, plant hormones, antioxidant
Detection of virulence gene belonging to cag pathogenicity island in Helicobacter pylori isolates after multiple unsuccessful eradication therapy in Northwest Croatia
Authors: Varda Brkić Dijana , Katičić Miroslava , Bedenić Branka , Presečki Stanko Aleksandra , Plečko Vanda
Published: July 2022

Background: Some of the genes belonging to cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI) in Helicobacter pylori were found to be associated with an increased severity of gastric mucosal inflammation that might lead to the development of gastroduodenal disease. Aim: The aim of our study was to define a group of patients based on the frequency of virulence genes of cagPAI island and comparison with pathohistological alterations of gastric mucosa who need to be subjected to further eradication therapy after previous unsuccessful eradication therapy and in spite of benign endoscopic findings. Material and methods: In total 103 H. pylori isolates were analysed.  Genes encoding virulence factors were detected by PCR with primers for 10 loci in cagPAI: Apcag (cagA promotor region), cagA1, cagA2, cagA3, cagM, cagT, cagE, LEC, tnpA and tnpB. The patients who provided isolates were classified into three clinical categories: non-ulcer dyspepsia (n=69), erosio/ulcus ventriculi  (n=22) and erosio/ulcus duodeni (n=12). Results: 16 strains (15.5%) were negative for all tested genes. 87 (84.5%) of the isolates had parcially deleated cagPAI. None of the isolates possessed all 10 genes. The frequency of single cagPAI genes were as follows: Apcag 63.1%, cagA1 71.8%, cagA2 69.9%, cagA3 5.8%, cagM 71.8%, cagE 75,7%, cagT 68% tnpA 9.7%, tnpB 7.8% i LEC 48.5%. No statistically significant difference was observed between the presence of any cagPAI genes and endoscopic diagnosis (p>0.16). The presence of CagA2, Apcag and cagM showed statistically significant correlation with higher level of patohistological parameters of gastritis (p<0.05). Conclusions: H. pylori isolates with positive cagA, Apcag, and cagM genes are correlated to higher degree of patohistological lesions of gastric mucosa; without statistically significant correlation with endoscopic diagnosis. Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, genotyping, cag pathogenicity island, cagA
Temporal and habitat distribution of macrophytes in lowland eutrophic reservoir Gruža in Serbia
Authors: Topuzović Marina , Pavlović Dragana , Ostojić Aleksandar
Published: July 2022

Background and Purpose: The research in this paper are based on the study of the distribution in time and space of macrophytes along the different parts of shoreline of Gruža Reservoir and emphasize the importance of establishing relations between distribution, diversity and mass of  macrophytes and the ecological conditions of the environment. Development diversity of macrophytes needs to be constantly monitored and their regulation is necessary for Reservoir conservation, especially because the Reservoir is used as a water supply for a nearby city. Materials and Methods: During the period 2004-2005 aquatic macrophytes were investigated (by the method of transects) bimonthly from May to October and results was compared with the results obtained during the research in 1986. Relative abundance was evaluated using a five degree scale.  These data form the basis for the mathematical model with the following data: Relative Plant Mass for each species, cumulative Relative Plant Mass for growth forms and Mean Mass Indexes. Results: Quantitative analysis of macrophytes indicates that the morphometrical characteristics of shoreline, water depth, vegetation characteristics and nutrient pollutants play an important role in the appearance, diversity and abundance of macrophytes. Conclusions: The distribution of most aquatic macrophytes in Gruža Reservoir is heterogenous with mean mass indexes MMT (for all macrophytes in total stretches) and MMO (for stretches with their occurrence) values of different size and with low value of distribution ratio. Our results have confirmed previously set hypothesis that poor physical conditions, rather than water quality, might be responsible for restricting diversity of macrophytes. Keywords: macrophytes; horizontal extension; shoreline characteristics; distribution coefficient
The trends of the antioxidant drug “U-74389G” on potassium levels during hypoxia reoxygenation injury in rats
Authors: Tsompos Constantinos , Panoulis Constantinos , Toutouzas Konstantinos , Zografos George , Papalois Apostolos
Published: July 2022

Background: This experimental study examined the effect of the antioxidant drug “U-74389G”, on a rat model and particularly in an hypoxia – reoxygenation (HR) protocol. The beneficial effect or non-effectiveness of that molecule were studied biochemically using blood mean potassium levels.Methods: 40 rats of mean weight 231.875 g were used in the study. Potassium levels were measured at 60 min of reperfusion (groups A and C) and at 120 min of reperfusion (groups B and D) with administration of the drug U-74389G in groups C and D.Results were that U-74389G administration non significantly decreased the K+ levels by 2.14%+5.06% (p= 0.6730). Reoxygenation time non-significantly increased the K+ levels by 8.66%+4.85% (p= 0.0934). However, U-74389G administration and reoxygenation time together non-significantly increased the K+ levels by 2.07%+3.03% (P= 0.4853).Conclusions are that U-74389G administration, reoxygenation time and their interaction have miscellaneous non significant short – term effects on potassium levels. Perhaps, a longer study time may reveal clearer and significant effects.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT IN AN INNOVATIVE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Курина Т.Н.
Published: July 2022

Отмечено, что для поддержания достигнутых темпов развития образования, науки, технологии и  производства требуется все большее количество специалистов высокой квалификации. В связи с этим обоснована актуальность привлечения новых интеллектуальных ресурсов. В качестве одного из них предложена работа в группах, обеспеченная системами поддержки принятия решений, всевозможными экспертными, интеллектуальными системами, искусственным интеллектом и системами виртуальной реальности. Предпринята попытка научного анализа и  критического осмысления проблемы использования искусственного интеллекта в  управлении персоналом инновационного предприятия

It is noted that in order to maintain the achieved rates of development of education, science, technology and production, an increasing number of highly qualifi ed specialists are required. In this regard, the relevance of att racting new intellectual resources is justifi ed. As one of them, group work is proposed, provided with decision support systems, various expert, intelligent systems, artifi cial intelligence and virtual reality systems. An att empt has been made to scientifi cally analyze and critically comprehend the problem of using artifi cial intelligence in the personnel management of an innovative enterprise.
THE ROLE OF STATE SUPPORT IN THE DIGITAL TRA NSFORMATION OF THE MEASUREMENT OF THE INNOVATIVE POTENTIAL OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
Authors: Мешкова Е.Д. , Тинькова Е.В. , Тиньков С.А.
Published: July 2022

Определены нормативная база и результаты государственной поддержки развития инновационного потенциала страны. Показано влияние цифровизации на инновационный потенциал. Доказана необходимость корректировки методики оценки уровня инновационного потенциала в условиях цифровизации. Предложены показатели, которые целесообразно учитывать при расчете инновационного потенциала национальной экономики. Предложен алгоритм расчета инновационного потенциала национальной экономики.

Th e regulatory framework and the results of state support for the development of the country’s innovation potential are determined. Th e infl uence of digitalization on innovation potential is shown. Th e necessity of adjusting the methodology for assessing the level of innovation potential in the conditions of digitalization is proved. Th e indicators that it is advisable to take into account when calculating the innovative potential of the national economy are proposed. An algorithm for calculating the innovation potential of the national economy is proposed.
ALGORITHM FOR THE FORMATION OF APPLICATIONS IN THE CHARITY FUND
Authors: Блохина Е.С.
Published: July 2022

Рассмотрены задачи управления благотворительными фондами в  рамках работы управляющей подсистемы фонда с заявками на помощь, поступающими из внешней среды от реципиентов. Разработан подход, предполагающий дифференциацию заявок по срокам исполнения, на основании предоставленных реципиентом документов и личного профессионального анализа конкретной ситуации, проводимого уполномоченными сотрудниками благотворительного фонда. Представлен алгоритм формирования заявок в благотворительном фонде, использование которого позволит повысить качество и количество оказываемых услуг в сфере благотворительности.

Th e article considers the tasks of managing charitable foundations within the framework of the fund’s management subsystem with requests for assistance coming from the external environment from recipients. An approach has been developed involving the diff erentiation of applications by deadlines, based on the documents provided by the recipient and a  personal professional analysis of a specifi c situation conducted by authorized employees of the charitable foundation. Th e algorithm for the formation of applications in the charity fund, developed by the author, is presented, the use of which will improve the quality and quantity of services provided in the fi eld of charity.
INFRA STRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT USING PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP MECHANISMS
Authors: Полоненко В.А.
Published: July 2022

Обозначена одна из основных проблем развития инфраструктуры государства  – стоимость инфраструктурных проектов. Обоснована необходимость поиска новых путей решения данной проблемы, которые позволят обеспечить необходимый уровень развития, при этом не оказав слишком большую нагрузку на государственный бюджет. В качестве одного из возможных решений предложено применение механизма государственного-частного партнерства.

One of the main problems of the state’s infrastructure development is identifi ed – the cost of infrastructure projects. Th e necessity of fi nding new ways to solve this problem, which will ensure the necessary level of development, while not putt ing too much strain on the state budget, is substantiated. Th e use of a public-private partnership mechanism is proposed as one of the possible solutions.
A LOOK AT THE PERIODIZATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION ON CRIMINALISTIC CHARA CTERISTICS OF CRIMES
Authors: Яворский М.А. , Блинов В.М.
Published: July 2022

Предпринята попытка выстроить периодизацию развития учения о криминалистической характеристике преступлений как ключевого элемента методики расследования уголовно наказуемых деликтов. Проанализированы взгляды на сущность и содержание концептов «криминалистическая характеристика преступлений», «криминалистическая модель преступлений», «информационная модель преступлений» и «типовая информационная модель преступлений». Представлен авторский подход к содержанию категории «модель преступлений».

Th e article att empts to build a periodization of the development of the doctrine of the forensic characterization of crimes, as a key element of the methodology for investigating criminally punishable delicts. Th e views on the essence and content of the concepts “forensic characteristics of crimes”, “forensic model of crimes”, “information model of crimes” and “typical information model of crimes” are analyzed. Th e author’s approach to the content of the category “model of crimes” is presented.
Relative peripheral refraction and its role in myopia onset in teenage students
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing 100142, China, Qi Lin-Song , Wang Xue-Feng ,   Department of Physical Examination, Cadet Bureau of PLA Air Force, Beijing 100195, China, Zhao Jin ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing 100142, China, Liu Yong ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing 100142, China, Wu Teng-Yun ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing 100142, China, Yang Qing-Hong ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing 100142, China, Zhao Chen ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing 100142, China, Zou Zhi-Kang ,   Department of Clinic and Research, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing 100142, China
Published: July 2022

AIM: To characterize peripheral refraction and its relationship with myopia development in a selected group of male teenage Chinese students.
METHODS: This 2-year prospective cohort study randomly enrolled 85 non-myopic boys (age, 14-16y) from the Experimental Class of Air Force in China. Cycloplegic peripheral refraction was examined at 0°, ±10°, and ±20° along the horizontal visual field in the right eye at the baseline and 2-year follow-up.
RESULTS: The incidence of myopia at the 2-year follow-up was 15.29% (13/85). The baseline central refraction (CR) and peripheral refraction at ±10° were significantly lower in students who developed myopia than in those who did not (P<0.05). Relative peripheral refraction (RPR) did not differ between students with and without myopia (P>0.05). At the 2-year follow-up, the RPR at ±10° and 20° nasal was significantly more hyperopic in the myopic group than in the non-myopic group. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the change in CR was significantly correlated with the changes in RPR at 20° nasal, 10° nasal, and 20° temporal. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that the baseline CR [odds ratio (OR): 0.092, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.012-0.688, P=0.020] and the baseline RPR at 10° nasal (OR: 0.182, 95%CI: 0.042-0.799, P=0.024) were significantly correlated with incident myopia (Omnibus test, χ2=10.20, P=0.006).
CONCLUSION: CR change is significantly correlated with changes in RPR, and students who develop myopia have more relative peripheral hyperopia. More baseline CR and relative peripheral hyperopia at 10° nasal are protective of myopia onset.
Development of a Multi-sector Bounded-Neighbourhood Model with intersectoral commodity-money interactions
Authors: Akopov Andranick
Published: July 2022

The article presents an approach to the development of an extended multi-sector bounded-neighbourhood with differentiated types of resources and intersectoral commodity-money interactions with implementation in the AnyLogic simulation tools. A feature of this approach is, firstly, a high degree of sectoral disaggregation (e.g., 42 types of economic activity are considered), and secondly, the three-level architecture of the proposed multi-agent system, which includes high-tech and low-tech resources as workplaces differentiated by types of economic activity (branches of the economy), and also multiple agents-individuals: natives and migrants with their own rules of behaviour and characteristics, and agents-sectors that provide the necessary structure of employment. We study the issues of software implementation of such a multi-level system in the AnyLogic, as well as the influence of the most important parameters of the model, in particular, such as the inflow rate of new migrants, dimensionality of forming industry clusters (i.e., a number of workplaces), level of wages by branches of the economy, etc. on the employment structure and the dynamics of gross domestic product, respectively.
Historical-philosophical Strategy roots as a Fundamental Science
Authors: Kuznetsov Yurii
Published: July 2022

Motives of human behavior in socio-economic environment took up minds of the  greatest philosophers and scientists during the entirety of the human history. Scientific-philosophical paradigm of artificial societies, based on methodological problems of cognition of real society functioning mechanisms, namely specific agents, exactly assumes studying human behavior in socio-economic environment, that is their different strategies. Strategy as a relatively new science, expects forecasting and strategizing of various kinds of strategizing objects, in fact – various kinds of agents and their activity. Such agent-based approach, based on using intellectual (rational) agents, implies using intelligence as a calculating part (planning) of ability to reach set goals, which is a strategizing in a strategy science.
Social sciences, including strategy as a science, gradually become closer to natural sciences both in tools and methodology principles, relying on interdisciplinary of researches and defining necessity of creating artificial societies and virtual worlds as research models of real society and economy. New research terminology and tools that need conceptual elaboration appear. Practical orientation of strategy as a relatively new science is not doubted and is proved by series of historical and economical events. In this case, however, proof of its fundamentality is needed.
In a cycle out of two articles, an attempt to substantiate strategy as a fundamental science, defining agents behavior as central units of modeling artificial societies, based on research of its philosophical roots is made, which is a goal of this research. The first work is presented.
Interação Utilizando Estratégias Didáticas Colaborativas no Ensino Online Emergencial
Authors: Pereira Flávio , Mercado Luis Paulo Leopoldo , Costa Cleide Jane de Sá Araújo
Published: July 2022

Este artigo aborda a importância da aplicação de estratégias didáticas com o uso de aplicativos web para promoção da aprendizagem a partir da interação em ambientes de ensino online (AEO). O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a interação a partir da utilização de estratégias didáticas como elementos da promoção de conhecimento entre os sujeitos do processo educativo no período de ensino online emergencial (EOE). Apresenta um relato de experiência com o uso do AEOTeams e aplicativos web como o Mentimeter e Cmap Cloud, utilizados na prática pedagógica dos componentes curriculares dos cursos superiores do Instituto Federal da Bahia (IFBA), Campus Santo Antônio de Jesus (SAJ) durante o EOE. Com base em uma pesquisa webgráfica e a partir de relatos de experiências promovidas com o EOE, os resultados do estudo evidenciaram: a relevância do conhecimento técnico e pedagógico dos aplicativos utilizados nas estratégias didáticas pelo professor, a importante promoção da interação nos momentos síncronos e assíncronos e os benefícios de aprendizagem promovidos na utilização do Mentimeter e Cmap Cloud em conjunto com o Teams.

Palavras-chave: Ensino online emergencial. Estratégias didáticas. Interação.
Identification of Karstification Zoning and Aquifer Channels in Karst Basin at Sendang Biru Beach, Malang-Indonesia: A Case Study
Authors: Wahid Abdul , Sunaryo  , Susilo Adi , Wiyono
Published: July 2022

Karst zoning and channel aquifers in the karst basin at Sendang Biru Beach, Tambak Rejo Village have been investigated. Sendang Biru Beach has a cave appearance as a karst morphological feature and is composed of limestone. Seasonal karst water sources come from springs, surface runoff, underground rivers, channels in valleys, basins, and slopes that often experience drought. The purpose of this study is to identify the presence of karst aquifers and karstification zones that are prone to damage or disasters in the karst environment. The method used is a geophysical combination of Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), Induced Polarization (IP), and Self Potential (SP). The results showed that the eastern part's karstification zone was characterized by moderate to high resistivity and a chargeability zone with a moderate to high range. In addition, the existence of karst aquifer channels in the anomalous zone of low resistivity, high chargeability, and negative natural potential. This zone is located in the Qas Formation, with the water flowing from west to east and from west to south. The inundated karst aquifer that spreads in a circular pattern with different depths interspersed by limestone cracks causes a heterogeneous karstification process.
Effect of Bokashi Fertilizer on Increasing Soil Nutrients and Growth of Medicinal Plants
Authors: Ramlan
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of bokashi (Cow) fertilizer on increasing soil nutrients and the growth of medicinal plants (Biopharmaca). The research method was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments which were repeated 3 times. The type of bokashi fertilizer is cow dung, while the medicinal plants used are ginger and turmeric. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA (Analysis of variance) and 5% F test to determine the effect of treatment. The research findings showed that the application of organic matter bokashi cow dung succeeded in increasing soil nutrients consisting of H2O, C-Organic, P2O5, K2O, and CEC along with the increase in the concentration of bokashi. Giving bokashi cow dung had a significant effect on plant height, the number of leaves, and bulb weight of Biopharmaca plants at 30 DAP and 60 DAP measurements. It was concluded based on the results of the study that goat and cow dung bokashi can be used to increase soil nutrients such as KCl, C-Organic, N-Total, P2O5, K2O, and CEC. Besides, bokashi fertilizer can also be used for the growth of biopharmaceutical plants where plant height, number of leaves, and bulb weight of medicinal plants are indicators used.
Water Quality Assessment of Euphrates River Using Heavy Metal Pollution Indices Within Fallujah City Reach, Anbar Province, Iraq
Authors: Hasham Ghadeer Jamal , Ramal Majeed Mattar
Published: July 2022

This study aims to assess the water quality of the Euphrates river in the section Fallujah Euphrates Reach (FER), in the city of Fallujah, western Iraq. Six heavy metals: 〖Cr〗^(3+), 〖Fe〗^(2+), 〖Zn〗^(+2), 〖Mn〗^(+2), 〖Ni〗^(+2) and 〖Pb〗^(+2) and ten water stations were chosen for the purpose of knowing whether or not these minerals are available in this important section of the Euphrates river and their concentrations in the river water because these minerals are harmful to health due to its lack of decomposition and accumulation within the organs of the body of living organisms. The samples were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry ICP-OES. Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HMPI), Heavy Metal Evaluation Index (HMEI), and Contamination Degree (CD) were employed to evaluate water quality. The findings were revealed that concentration of 〖Fe〗^(2+), 〖Ni〗^(+2) , and 〖Zn〗^(+2) exceeded the permissible limits based on Iraqi standard IQS, World Health Organization WHO, and United States Environmental Protection Agency USEPA standards, whereas 〖Cr〗^(3+) , 〖Pb〗^(+2), and 〖Mn〗^(+2) concentrations were non-existent. Based on HMPI, HMEI and CD values, pollution of the Euphrates river is low. which indicates a small amount of pollution, and because the Euphrates water discharge is high, the concentration of heavy metals does not affect the river water. According to national and international guidelines, FER suffers from a low level of heavy metal pollution. However, the (CD), (HMPI), and (HMEI) indices indicated that FER water quality was satisfactory. In other words, the water quality of the Euphrates river in the current study reach is good, but that does not mean that the water is used without treatment to be pumped into the city. It has a low pollution rate, but that may have a negative impact on the health of consumers.
Assessment Biodiversity of Medicinal Plants Used in Treatments for Native People in Adrar, Algeria
Authors: Akil Loumani , Ahmed Tahri , Ahmed Mediani , Amine Larbi Ahmed , Wafa Braham Chaouch , Meriama Foullanine , Kalloum Slimane , Zahra Belkacem
Published: July 2022

Medicinal plants are well known to natives and healers of the Adrar province located in the south of Algeria. These plants are used for medical purposes seasoning, cooking, and also by the researchers studying biology, chemistry, and pharmacology for discovering new molecules of medicaments applying in the treatment of diseases. This study aims to gather information related to utilizing therapeutic plants for health needs from the local populace. This research allowed us to identify fifty species used by the local population. The most common among these are the Asteraceae and Lameleacea and the highest use values were recorded for the species Thymus vulgaris, Mentha piperita, Ocimum basilicum, while the highest Fic was observed for the respiratory diseases. It also allowed us to familiarise ourselves with the methods and practices and the therapeutic uses of medicinal plants in the region. It was noted that the most used parts were the leaves, followed by the flowers. Furthermore, the most common method was found to be an infusion, followed by a decoction. This study confirmed that the Adrar region has several plants that are medicinal purposes and are used for the treatment of many diseases.
IMPLEMENTATION OF COUNSELING SERVICES ON IBUNDA.ID PLATFORM IN OVERCOMING MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS
Authors: Bastomi Hasan , Fitriani Diana , Chusna Maulida Rizqiyyatul , Salwa Safitra , Sholeh Muhammad
Published: July 2022

This research aimed to reveal the implementation of the counseling service on ibunda.id platform in overcoming mental health problems. This field research used a qualitative approach with interviews, observation, and documentation techniques in collecting the data. The results showed that the main background of Ibunda.id was utilizing technology to ease anything, including counseling services. The implementation of the Ibunda.id counseling service in dealing with mental health problems was as follows: (1) Establishing a relationship with the counselees using friendly greetings, (2) Reflecting on the counselees' empathy and appreciating their courage to share their story/problems, and then finding the solutions, (3) Providing self-help psychoeducation to train their ability in solving daily problems and developing their character.
Conexiones y capital social o por qué la información de vacantes no llega a quienes la necesitan
Authors: Jiménez Diana Marcela , Salazar Boris
Published: July 2022

Entre un 50% y un 60% de los trabajadores encuentran empleo con información que proporcionan amigos, familiares o conocidos. En una simulación en red, estudiamos cómo evoluciona el número de trayectorias por las que se transfiere información sobre vacantes cuando se suma un nuevo nodo, teniendo en cuenta su estatus laboral, su capital social y su decisión de ser o no intermediario. El número de esas trayectorias cae con el número de nuevos nodos, y también si son desempleados, tienen bajo capital social o no comparten la información sobre vacantes. Los desempleados se agrupan con sus iguales, y los empleados con los suyos. Por ello, la información sobre vacantes no se transfiere a grupos de desempleados, salvo que estén unidos por vínculos débiles, cuyo capital social los une con quienes son distintos.
El cable aéreo Línea K de Medellín, Colombia, 2005-2017
Authors: Londoño Henao Charle A.
Published: July 2022

Este artículo evalúa los efectos de la construcción del cable aéreo Línea K en la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia, considerando dos periodos: 2005-2012 y 2005-2017. A partir de un modelo de diferencias en diferencias se determinan sus efectos sobre variables como el valor del metro cuadrado de suelo, la densidad de viviendas, los años promedio de estudio, el tiempo de viaje y el modo de transporte. Uno de los principales hallazgos es que la construcción del cable aéreo ha tenido efectos positivos sobre la movilidad social, pues hace posible que la población migre de este territorio al lograr una mayor escolaridad y un mayor nivel de ingresos.
La salida de los negocios en 47 países durante 2021
Authors: Iuliia Pinkovetskaia
Published: July 2022

La pandemia de Covid-19 llevó a que muchos empresarios salieran de su negocio, y es relevante estudiar su opinión acerca del efecto de la pandemia en su decisión de poner fin a su actividad. Este estudio evalúa las opiniones de esos empresarios con base en encuestas realizadas en 47 países en 2021 para el reporte Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. Evalúa cuatro indicadores que sintetizan las razones positivas y negativas para el cese. El 58% de los empresarios salió de su actividad por razones negativas no relacionadas con la pandemia. Cerca del 24% se vio obligado a salir de su negocio por los efectos negativos de la pandemia. Solo uno de cada seis de estos empresarios mencionó razones positivas para abandonar su negocio.
Pedagogika genderowa a kompetencje ogólne w edukacji szkolnej
Authors: Just Edyta
Published: July 2022

W rozdziale pierwszym Autorka wprowadza Czytelnika w zagadnienie pedagogiki genderowej/feministycznej. Zwraca przy tym uwagę na działania Unii Europejskiej, zmierzające do harmonizacji struktur programów kształcenia w krajach członkowskich, które w opinii Autorki mogą zostać wykorzystane również w edukacji szkolnej. Badaczka wskazuje na umiejętności, których rozwój może być efektywnie stymulowany przez realizację postulatów polityki genderowej. Do publikacji dołączono dwa przykładowe konspekty związane z tematem (nie)obecności kobiet w tradycyjnym dyskursie naukowym.
Integración paisajística en la vía Portoviejo-Crucita
Authors: Pita Mera María , Suárez Loor Cristina , Vinueza Mendoza Glenn , Corrales Zambrano Silvia
Published: July 2022

Ante la falta de interés y una agravante descualificación de imagen surge la necesidad de integración en el diseño y espacios visualmente confortables en el ingreso a la ciudad. Para esto, se traza como objetivo de este artículo la integración paisajística de 7,8 km en la vía Portoviejo-Crucita, la misma que permita determinar los tipos de paisajes, evaluar su calidad visual, establecer el nivel de protagonismo de las distintas movilidades e identificar áreas de intervención. La metodología empleada se basa en la aplicación del Tráfico Promedio Diario Anual (TPDA) y técnicas de investigación como la revisión bibliográfica, encuestas y fichas de observación. De su aplicación se pudo conocer que es factible analizar, establecer e integrar un espacio tanto arquitectónico como paisajístico en un solo conjunto visual. Se concluye que la notable carencia de espacios públicos y equipamientos comunitarios en el desarrollo del espacio urbano-rural contribuye a imposibilitar el encuentro del ciudadano, espacio de sociabilización y apropiación colectiva.
Uso de las aplicaciones de internet durante el primer año de la pandemia del COVID 19
Authors: Ponce Ordóñez Jéssica Alexandra , Samaniego Mena Eduardo , Vicuña Pino Ariosto
Published: July 2022

En este artículo se realiza el estudio del uso de internet y de las aplicaciones que más se han utilizado durante el primer año de la pandemia del COVID 19 en Ecuador. Para el efecto, se utilizó la base de datos pública del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos sobre la encuesta nacional multipropósito de hogares 2020, usando la sección de tecnologías de la información y comunicación. Se aplicaron los métodos multivariantes del análisis factorial y el análisis de componentes principales (PCA). Los componentes identificados explican un 83,3% de la varianza total y el test de KMO dio un valor de 0,925 que significa que el estudio es muy bueno, la prueba de Bartlett reportó un valor significativo menor a 0,05. Se obtuvo que los componentes principales que más influyen en el uso de la tecnología en tiempos de pandemia son Redes Sociales, Wifi, Bluetooth, Correo Electrónico, GPS y Descargas
Stability Variance and its Bayesian Estimation for Genotype × Environment Interaction in m × m Gracro-latin Square Layout
Authors: Datt Nisha , . Chetan
Published: July 2022

Background: In agricultural, the field experimenters have been bona fide way of verifying the test result when researchers have developed new cultivating method in order to improve the overall crop production. To meet this requirement experimenters have continuously be measured in thinking the new and/or modified techniques and methodologies. Methods: To estimate stability variance with two treatments through Graceo-latin square layout apart from prevailing Latin square layout with one treatment. The maximal data information prior and asymptotically locally invariant prior are also studied for the obtained stability variance in such layout. Result: The Graceo-latin square design layout with two different treatments has been proposed to study genotype × environment (G × E) interaction. Statistical model for the design and ANOVA is also developed and simultaneous methods are proposed to diagrammatize the respective stability variance.
​Testing of Bituminous Coal and its Impurity Layers as in situ Ameliorant of Physico-chemical Soil Reclamation Properties of Coal Mine
Authors: Khaidir Ajidirman , . Wiskandar , . Endriani
Published: July 2022

Background: Coal mined reclaimed soil is prone to losing organic carbon content, increased soil acidity, soil structural damage and compact. This degradation of soil properties can be reduced and improved by applying coal and coal impurities as potential ameliorants. This research was aimed at knowing the potential of coal and coal impurity (partings) to improve the physicochemical properties of coal mine reclaimed soil. Methods: The research was conducted using the randomized block design (RBD) with 3 types of treatment and was in a pot experiment. The tried treatments, among others, are 1) Control (K0), 2) Coal ameliorant (C) and 3) Coal impurity (partings) ameliorant (B). Coal and coal impurity (partings) were both tested with 5 doses, which respectively consisted of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 tons ha-1. Result: The results showed that the application of bituminous coal ameliorant and coal impurity significantly affected on physicochemical soil reclamation properties of coal mines. Both types of ameliorants had an effect on increasing pH and decreasing Al-dd contents but were only significantly different from the control (K0). Amelioration significantly affected the increase in the C-organic, Humic acid and N total content with doses of the applications bituminous coal C5, while coal impurity doses of C4.
Technology in ELT contexts: does Google Classroom provide satisfactory online classrooms climate for university students?
Authors: Firdaus Ifan Andri , Mahbub Moh. Arif , Nugraheni Dyah Ayu
Published: July 2022

For more than two decades, online learning has been employed to replace f2f instructions. GC has widely recognized to manage digital learning environment. While extensive research has investigated digital classroom mediated by GoogleClassroom (GC), there is paucity of research exploring participants’ views about GC-mediated online learning situated in Indonesian higher education (HE) contexts. We employed a sequential-explanatory research (Creswell, 2018; 2014) intended to explore in-depth the undergraduate students’ perceptions about the in-class use of Google Classroom in EFL settings. There were six (N=6) undergraduate students from private Indonesia university consented to participate in this study. We administered a web-based five point Likert scale questionnaire to collect any necessary data. Also, a semi-structured interview was conducted to explore their in-depth feelings to the selected participants. The results indicated that GC offered enormous potential benefits for organizing online teaching-learning processes. Implications, conclusions, limitations, and recommendations were then discussed.