bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SWOT Analysis for the Promotion of Energy Efficiency in Rural Buildings: A Case Study of China
Authors: Zhang Lin , Guo Shan , Wu Zezhou , Alsaedi Ahmed , Hayat Tasawar
Published: April 2018

Over half of China’s total energy consumption is attributed to rural buildings. However, unlike the research into urban areas, few studies have explored the problems of building energy efficiency (BEE) in rural China. This study aims to establish an appropriate strategic plan for promoting rural BEE (RBEE) in China by conducting a strength-weakness-opportunity-threat (SWOT) analysis. Analysis data are obtained from multiple sources, including a comprehensive literature review, governmental reports, related regulations, and semi-structured interviews with a number of critical stakeholders. A matrix of the SWOT analysis is derived to reveal the drivers and barriers in the course of implementing RBEE. Five critical strategies are proposed. We also attempt to explore the internal and external conditions of RBEE in China, which can contribute to the customization and prioritization of policy recommendations for the Chinese government.
Analysis of Energy-Related Greenhouse Gas Emission in the Korea’s Building Sector: Use National Energy Statistics
Authors: Kim Tae-Hyoung , Jeong Young-Sun
Published: April 2018

Every country in the world is striving to deal with climate change such as global warming and environmental pollution caused by greenhouse gas emission as well as the depletion of fossil fuel including oil, coal, gas, etc. Countries have set long-term greenhouse gas emission reduction targets in this effort. Korea announced its goal to reduce the national greenhouse gas in medium- and long-term by 25.7% of the observed value of 2030 greenhouse gas emission (BAU) in 2011, and set to reduce the greenhouse gas by 18.2% in the building sector. In addition, according to IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), greenhouse gas emission in the building sector takes up about 19% of entire emission, a very high percentage along with 31% from the industry sector. This paper calculates the national and building sector greenhouse gas emission based on energy consumption statistics, in order for Korea to achieve Post-2020 greenhouse gas reduction target, predict building sector’s greenhouse gas emission, and implement and reduction policy. The greenhouse gas emission from buildings is about 124.9 million ton CO2equivalent as of 2015, taking up about 20% of greenhouse gas emission in Korea’s entire sectors, and decreased in 1998 from 105.0 million ton CO2eq in 1997. However, the greenhouse gas emission consistently increased from 119.3 million ton CO2eq in 2007 to 127.1 million ton CO2eq in 2010 and 127.3 million ton CO2eq in 2013.
Applying Fourier Transform Mid Infrared Spectroscopy to Detect the Adulteration of Salmo salar with Oncorhynchus mykiss
Authors: Sousa Nuno , Moreira Maria João , Saraiva Cristina , De Almeida José M. M. M.
Published: April 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy coupled with chemometric methods to detect fish adulteration. Muscles of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) (SS) and Salmon trout (Onconrhynchus mykiss) (OM) muscles were mixed in different percentages and transformed into mini-burgers. These were stored at 3 °C, then examined at 0, 72, 160, and 240 h for deteriorative microorganisms. Mini-burgers was submitted to Soxhlet extraction, following which lipid extracts were analyzed by FTIR. The principal component analysis (PCA) described the studied adulteration using four principal components with an explained variance of 95.60%. PCA showed that the absorbance in the spectral region from 721, 1097, 1370, 1464, 1655, 2805, to 2935, 3009 cm−1 may be attributed to biochemical fingerprints related to differences between SS and OM. The partial least squares regression (PLS-R) predicted the presence/absence of adulteration in fish samples of an external set with high accuracy. The proposed methods have the advantage of allowing quick measurements, despite the storage time of the adulterated fish. FTIR combined with chemometrics showed that a methodology to identify the adulteration of SS with OM can be established, even when stored for different periods of time.
TRAP1 Regulation of Cancer Metabolism: Dual Role as Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor
Authors: Matassa Danilo Swann , Agliarulo Ilenia , Avolio Rosario , Landriscina Matteo , Esposito Franca
Published: April 2018

Metabolic reprogramming is an important issue in tumor biology. An unexpected inter- and intra-tumor metabolic heterogeneity has been strictly correlated to tumor outcome. Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Protein 1 (TRAP1) is a molecular chaperone involved in the regulation of energetic metabolism in cancer cells. This protein is highly expressed in several cancers, such as glioblastoma, colon, breast, prostate and lung cancers and is often associated with drug resistance. However, TRAP1 is also downregulated in specific tumors, such as ovarian, bladder and renal cancers, where its lower expression is correlated with the worst prognoses and chemoresistance. TRAP1 is the only mitochondrial member of the Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90) family that directly interacts with respiratory complexes, contributing to their stability and activity but it is still unclear if such interactions lead to reduced or increased respiratory capacity. The role of TRAP1 is to enhance or suppress oxidative phosphorylation; the effects of such regulation on tumor development and progression are controversial. These observations encourage the study of the mechanisms responsible for the dualist role of TRAP1 as an oncogene or oncosuppressor in specific tumor types. In this review, TRAP1 puzzling functions were recapitulated with a special focus on the correlation between metabolic reprogramming and tumor outcome. We wanted to investigate whether metabolism-targeting drugs can efficiently interfere with tumor progression and whether they might be combined with chemotherapeutics or molecular-targeted agents to counteract drug resistance and reduce therapeutic failure.
The Influence of Pre-Existing Deformation and Alteration Textures on Rock Strength, Failure Modes and Shear Strength Parameters
Authors: Everall Tamara , Sanislav Ioan
Published: April 2018

This study uses the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), the indirect tensile strength (ITS) and the point load tests (PLT) to determine the strength and deformation behavior of previously deformed and altered tonalite and anorthosite. In general, veined samples show higher strength because the vein material has both cohesive and adhesive properties while fractures have no cohesion, only frictional resistance. This implies that each rock category has to be treated independently and absolute strength predictions are inaccurate. Thus, the conversion factor k is a sample specific parameter and does not have a universal value. The ratio of UCS/ITS appears to be related to the rock strength and can be used to classify rocks based on their strength. The shear strength parameters, the friction angle and the cohesion, cannot be calculated for rocks with pre-existing planes of weakness. Reactivation is favoured only for planes oriented less than 20° to the maximum stress. For planes oriented between 20° and 50° to the maximum stress, failure occurs by a combination of reactivation and newly formed fractures, while for orientations above 50°, new shear fractures are favoured. This suggest that the Byerlee’s law of reactivation operates exclusively for planes oriented ≤10° to the maximum stress.
Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution Map for Karst Aquifer Protection (Ziria Karst System, Southern Greece)
Authors: Nanou Eleni-Anna , Zagana Eleni
Published: April 2018

In recent years vulnerability maps have been used as a tool to highlight the areas with the greatest potential for groundwater pollution based on the hydrogeological conditions and their respective human impacts. Several regions of Greece depend completely or partially on drinking water from karst aquifers; thus, the production of vulnerability maps for such karstic areas is considered essential. In the present study, an assessment of aquifer intrinsic vulnerability has been conducted applying the COP method in the Ziria karst system. The latter is located at the Northeast part of Peloponnese in South Greece and is used as a public resource for drinking water. This method, which has been developed for carbonate (karst) aquifers, uses the properties of the overlying layers above the water table (O factor), the concentration of flow (C factor) and the precipitation regime (P factor) over the aquifer. The COP method considers karstic landforms as factors that decrease the natural protection provided by the overlying layers of a karst aquifer. With the use of GIS tools, vulnerability maps were produced highlighting the different degrees of intrinsic vulnerability in the karst system of Ziria.
Keeping Antibiotics at Home Promotes Self-Medication with Antibiotics among Chinese University Students
Authors: Wang Xiaomin , Lin Leesa , Xuan Ziming , Li Lu , Zhou Xudong
Published: April 2018

Background: Inappropriate use of antibiotics has caused antimicrobial resistance, presenting a major health challenge to the world population. Self-medication with antibiotics (SMA) is currently at an alarming level in China. Objectives: To determine the sources of antibiotics leftover at home, the risk factors of keeping antibiotics at home, and the associations between keeping antibiotics at home and SMA among Chinese university students. Methods: Six provinces were purposely selected from six regions of China, and one multi-disciplinary university was selected from each chosen province. A total of 11,192 university students were selected using cluster random sampling from the selected universities. Logistic regression was conducted to examine the relationship between keeping antibiotics at home and SMA. Results: Out of the 11,192 students surveyed, 7057 (63.1%) reported keeping antibiotics at home at the time they were surveyed. Of those who kept antibiotics in their home, 1965 (27.8%) reported that these antibiotics were left over from a previous prescription by a doctor and 4893 (69.3%), purchased antibiotics over the counter. Additionally, 29.6% (507/1711) of students self-medicated with antibiotics when ill during the month before the survey. Students keeping antibiotics at home were five times (95% CI 3.53, 7.05) more likely to engage in SMA when ill and 2.6 times (95% CI 2.34, 2.89) more likely to self-medicating with antibiotics for prophylaxis than the other students. Female students, those with a family background of higher education, and those who had a parent working in the medical field had a significantly higher chance of keeping antibiotics at home. Conclusions: The high prevalence of keeping antibiotics at home and SMA among young adults is a serious concern. Professional regulations and population-tailored health education are needed.
Suicide Precipitants Differ Across the Lifespan but Are Not Significant in Predicting Medically Severe Attempts
Authors: Choo Carol , Chew Peter , Ho Roger
Published: April 2018

An important risk factor for suicide assessment is the suicide precipitant. This study explores suicide attempt precipitants across the lifespan. Three years of medical records related to suicide attempters who were admitted to the emergency department of a large teaching hospital in Singapore were subjected to analysis. These cases were divided into three age groups: Adolescence, Early Adulthood, and Middle Adulthood. A total of 540 cases were examined (70.9% females; 63.7% Chinese, 13.7% Malays, 15.9% Indians), whose ages ranged from 12 to 62. There were eight cases above the age of 65 years which were excluded from the analysis. Significant differences were found in precipitants for suicide attempts across the lifespan. Middle adults had relatively fewer relationship problems, and adolescents had comparatively fewer financial and medical problems. The models to predict medically severe attempts across the age groups using suicide precipitants were not significant. The findings were discussed in regards to implications in suicide assessment and primary prevention in Singapore, as well as limitations and recommendations for future research.
The Flavonoid Isoquercitrin Precludes Initiation of Zika Virus Infection in Human Cells
Authors: Gaudry Arnaud , Bos Sandra , Viranaicken Wildriss , Roche Marjolaine , Krejbich-Trotot Pascale , Gadea Gilles , Desprès Philippe , El-Kalamouni Chaker
Published: April 2018

The medical importance of Zika virus (ZIKV) was fully highlighted during the recent epidemics in South Pacific islands and Americas due to ZIKV association with severe damage to fetal brain development and neurological complications in adult patients. A worldwide research effort has been undertaken to identify effective compounds to prevent or treat ZIKV infection. Fruits and vegetables may be sources of compounds with medicinal properties. Flavonoids are one class of plant compounds that emerge as promising antiviral molecules against ZIKV. In the present study, we demonstrated that flavonoid isoquercitrin exerts antiviral activity against African historical and Asian epidemic strains of ZIKV in human hepatoma, epithelial, and neuroblastoma cell lines. Time-of-drug addition assays showed that isoquercitrin acts on ZIKV entry by preventing the internalisation of virus particles into the host cell. Our data also suggest that the glycosylated moiety of isoquercitrin might play a role in the antiviral effect of the flavonoid against ZIKV. Our results highlight the importance of isoquercitrin as a promising natural antiviral compound to prevent ZIKV infection.
Neutrosophic Triplet G-Module
Authors: Smarandache Florentin , Şahin Mehmet , Kargın Abdullah
Published: April 2018

In this study, the neutrosophic triplet G-module is introduced and the properties of neutrosophic triplet G-module are studied. Furthermore, reducible, irreducible, and completely reducible neutrosophic triplet G-modules are defined, and relationships of these structures with each other are examined. Also, it is shown that the neutrosophic triplet G-module is different from the G-module.
Dosimetric Implications of Computerised Tomography-Only versus Magnetic Resonance-Fusion Contouring in Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Henderson Daniel R. , Tree Alison C. , Harrington Kevin J. , Van As Nicholas J.
Published: April 2018

Background: Magnetic resonance (MR)-fusion contouring is the standard of care in prostate stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for target volume localisation. However, the planning computerised tomography (CT) scan continues to be used for dose calculation and treatment planning and verification. Discrepancies between the planning MR and CT scans may negate the benefits of MR-fusion contouring and it adds a significant resource burden. We aimed to determine whether CT-only contouring resulted in a dosimetric detriment compared with MR-fusion contouring in prostate SBRT planning. Methods: We retrospectively compared target volumes and SBRT plans for 20 patients treated clinically with MR-fusion contouring (standard of care) with those produced by re-contouring using CT data only. Dose was 36.25 Gy in 5 fractions. CT-only contouring was done on two occasions blind to MR data and reviewed by a separate observer. Primary outcome was the difference in rectal volume receiving 36 Gy or above. Results: Absolute target volumes were similar: 63.5 cc (SD ± 27.9) versus 63.2 (SD ± 26.5), Dice coefficient 0.86 (SD ± 0.04). Mean difference in apex superior-inferior position was 1.1 (SD ± 3.5; CI: −0.4–2.6). Small dosimetric differences in favour of CT-only contours were seen, with the mean rectal V36 Gy 0.3 cc (95% CI: 0.1–0.5) lower for CT-only contouring. Conclusions: Prostate SBRT can be successfully planned without MR-fusion contouring. Consideration can be given to omitting MR-fusion from the prostate SBRT workflow, provided reference to diagnostic MR imaging is available. Development of MR-only work flow is a key research priority to gain access to the anatomical fidelity of MR imaging.
Study on the Control of Rare Earth Metals and Their Behaviors in the Industrial Practical Production of Q420q Structural Bridge Steel Plate
Authors: Chu Rensheng , Fan Yong , Li Zhanjun , Liu Jingang , Yin Na , Hao Ning
Published: April 2018

Rare earth (RE) addition can refine and change the shape/distribution of inclusions in steel to improve its strength and toughness. In this paper, the control of RE, specifically Ce and La, and their behaviors in the practical industrial production of high-strength structural steel with 420 MPa yield strength were studied. In particular, the interactions between RE and Al, Nb, S, O were investigated, with the aim of improving the steel toughness and welding performance. The impact energy of the plate with RE is approximately 50 J higher than the regular plate without RE. The toughness of the plate from ladle furnace (LF) refining with RE addition is better than the one from Ruhrstahl and Hereaeus (RH) refining. The RE inclusions could induce the intragranular ferrite and refine the grain size to the preferred size. After welding at the heat input of 200 kJ/cm, the grain size at the heat affected zone was found to be the finest in the plate from the LF process with RE addition. Notably, the microstructure of ferrite was quasi-polygonal.
Preparation of Amino Functionalized Hydrophobic Zeolite and Its Adsorption Properties for Chromate and Naphthalene
Authors: Wang Cheng , Leng Shaozheng , Xu Yuan , Tian Qinyue , Zhang Xuemeng , Cao Liyun , Huang Jianfeng
Published: April 2018

Amino functionalized hydrophobic zeolite was prepared by modification of natural zeolite with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared analysis, thermal gravimetric analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface areas, and element analysis were employed to investigate the structures of the samples. The water vapor adsorption method was used to determine the hydrophobicity of the samples. The adsorption properties of the samples for chromate and naphthalene were then investigated. The results showed that the silane modification had a negligible effect on the crystalline structure of zeolite while significantly decreasing the specific surface area and increasing the hydrophobicity of the zeolite sample. The functionalized zeolite samples exhibit higher adsorption capacity and removal rate on chromate and naphthalene as compared with the unmodified zeolite sample due to their specific amino functional group and hydrophobicity property.
A Weighted Deep Representation Learning Model for Imbalanced Fault Diagnosis in Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Wu Zhenyu , Guo Yang , Lin Wenfang , Yu Shuyang , Ji Yang
Published: April 2018

Predictive maintenance plays an important role in modern Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) and data-driven methods have been a worthwhile direction for Prognostics Health Management (PHM). However, two main challenges have significant influences on the traditional fault diagnostic models: one is that extracting hand-crafted features from multi-dimensional sensors with internal dependencies depends too much on expertise knowledge; the other is that imbalance pervasively exists among faulty and normal samples. As deep learning models have proved to be good methods for automatic feature extraction, the objective of this paper is to study an optimized deep learning model for imbalanced fault diagnosis for CPSs. Thus, this paper proposes a weighted Long Recurrent Convolutional LSTM model with sampling policy (wLRCL-D) to deal with these challenges. The model consists of 2-layer CNNs, 2-layer inner LSTMs and 2-Layer outer LSTMs, with under-sampling policy and weighted cost-sensitive loss function. Experiments are conducted on PHM 2015 challenge datasets, and the results show that wLRCL-D outperforms other baseline methods.
A Lightweight Continuous Authentication Protocol for the Internet of Things
Authors: Chuang Yo-Hsuan , Lo Nai-Wei , Yang Cheng-Ying , Tang Ssu-Wei
Published: April 2018

Modern societies are moving toward an information-oriented environment. To gather and utilize information around people’s modern life, tiny devices with all kinds of sensing devices and various sizes of gateways need to be deployed and connected with each other through the Internet or proxy-based wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Within this kind of Internet of Things (IoT) environment, how to authenticate each other between two communicating devices is a fundamental security issue. As a lot of IoT devices are powered by batteries and they need to transmit sensed data periodically, it is necessary for IoT devices to adopt a lightweight authentication protocol to reduce their energy consumption when a device wants to authenticate and transmit data to its targeted peer. In this paper, a lightweight continuous authentication protocol for sensing devices and gateway devices in general IoT environments is introduced. The concept of valid authentication time period is proposed to enhance robustness of authentication between IoT devices. To construct the proposed lightweight continuous authentication protocol, token technique and dynamic features of IoT devices are adopted in order to reach the design goals: the reduction of time consumption for consecutive authentications and energy saving for authenticating devices through by reducing the computation complexity during session establishment of continuous authentication. Security analysis is conducted to evaluate security strength of the proposed protocol. In addition, performance analysis has shown the proposed protocol is a strong competitor among existing protocols for device-to-device authentication in IoT environments.
A Two-Stage Reconstruction Processor for Human Detection in Compressive Sensing CMOS Radar
Authors: Tsao Kuei-Chi , Lee Ling , Chu Ta-Shun , Huang Yuan-Hao
Published: April 2018

Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) radar has recently gained much research attraction because small and low-power CMOS devices are very suitable for deploying sensing nodes in a low-power wireless sensing system. This study focuses on the signal processing of a wireless CMOS impulse radar system that can detect humans and objects in the home-care internet-of-things sensing system. The challenges of low-power CMOS radar systems are the weakness of human signals and the high computational complexity of the target detection algorithm. The compressive sensing-based detection algorithm can relax the computational costs by avoiding the utilization of matched filters and reducing the analog-to-digital converter bandwidth requirement. The orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) is one of the popular signal reconstruction algorithms for compressive sensing radar; however, the complexity is still very high because the high resolution of human respiration leads to high-dimension signal reconstruction. Thus, this paper proposes a two-stage reconstruction algorithm for compressive sensing radar. The proposed algorithm not only has lower complexity than the OMP algorithm by 75% but also achieves better positioning performance than the OMP algorithm especially in noisy environments. This study also designed and implemented the algorithm by using Vertex-7 FPGA chip (Xilinx, San Jose, CA, USA). The proposed reconstruction processor can support the 256 × 13 real-time radar image display with a throughput of 28.2 frames per second.
Cu(OH)2 and CuO Nanorod Synthesis on Piezoresistive Cantilevers for the Selective Detection of Nitrogen Dioxide
Authors: Schlur Laurent , Hofer Manuel , Ahmad Ahmad , Bonnot Karine , Holz Mathias , Spitzer Denis
Published: April 2018

Self-controlled active oscillating microcantilevers with a piezoresistive readout are very promising sensitive sensors, despite their small surface. In order to increase this surface and consequently their sensitivity, we nanostructured them with copper hydroxide (Cu(OH)2) or with copper oxide (CuO) nanorods. The Cu(OH)2 rods were grown, on a homogeneous copper layer previously evaporated on the top of the cantilever. The CuO nanorods were further obtained by the annealing of the copper hydroxide nanostructures. Then, these copper based nanorods were used to detect several molecules vapors. The results showed no chemical affinity (no formation of a chemical bond) between the CuO cantilevers and the tested molecules. The cantilever with Cu(OH)2 nanorods is selective to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in presence of humidity. Indeed, among all the tested analytes, copper hydroxide has only an affinity with NO2. Despite the absence of affinity, the cantilevers could even so condensate explosives (1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX) and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) on their surface when the cantilever temperature was lower than the explosives source, allowing their detection. We proved that in condensation conditions, the cantilever surface material has no importance and that the nanostructuration is useless because a raw silicon cantilever detects as well as the nanostructured ones.
Social Sustainability through Social Interaction—A National Survey on Community Gardens in Germany
Authors: Rogge Nicole , Theesfeld Insa , Strassner Carola
Published: April 2018

Community gardening has become a growing movement in cities all over the world, where these diverse collectively managed spaces provide various economic, ecological, and social benefits for urban residents. Particularly in developed countries such as Germany, social benefits are the motivation to participate in community gardens more so than the harvests. Although research on community gardens has grown, including the question of their benefits to a sustainable development, there is little literature studying the social importance and social sustainability of community gardens. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine social interaction, participation, and perceived success as a concept to assess social sustainability. The paper further aims to examine the conditions influencing social sustainability within community gardens. With the help of an online survey, we collect data from 123 community gardens throughout Germany, with which we assess diverse degrees of social sustainability. Causalities of gardens’ social sustainability are analyzed with a multiple linear regression model. Results indicate that there is no significant relationship between size of community and social sustainability, rather aspects of trust and management have a strong effect on social sustainability. Findings like these lead to a better understanding of social interaction in urban communities that contribute to more social sustainability.
Building Coalitions for a Diversified and Sustainable Tourism: Two Case Studies from Hungary
Authors: Lakner Zoltán , Kiss Anna , Merlet Ivan , Oláh Judit , Máté Domicián , Grabara Janusz , Popp József
Published: April 2018

The development of the tourism sector has been a question of strategic importance for Hungary, a small, open economy with limited natural resources. At the same time, these efforts often generate considerable environmental conflicts, decreasing the sustainability of the environment. To understand the potential methods of sustainable tourism development, and to develop the optimal policy, it is essential to clarify the actors, their systems of interest and the potential ways of forging coalitions between them. The article presents an analysis of two case studies of rural tourism development: the “softening” of tourism at the most important touristic attraction in Hungary, Lake Balaton; and the conflicts arising from wine tourism development. Based on institutional economics, principle–agent theory and strategic management, and applying the MACTOR method, the authors identify the key actors, present the network of their mutual influences and goals, determine the most important conflicts and highlight the potential coalitions between them from the point of view of sustainable rural tourism development, as well as ways to further develop the regulatory environment. Based on this analysis, the article proves: (1) the importance of the modernization and re-organization of the public administration structure, focusing on optimal utilization of resources, as opposed to attaching to traditions; (2) the importance of forming clusters of different partners; (3) the strengthening of the knowledge base of decisions concerning sustainable tourism management; and (4) increasing conscious planning, based on the inclusion of different interest groups and long-term prognoses in local decision making, minimises the environmental burden of tourism.
The Influence of Interactive Learning Materials on Self-Regulated Learning and Learning Satisfaction of Primary School Teachers in Mongolia
Authors: Li Shengru , Yamaguchi Shinobu , Takada Jun-ichi
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of interactive learning materials on learners’ self-regulated learning processes and learning satisfaction. A two-group experimental design was employed for 285 primary school teachers involved in teacher training. Teachers in the experimental group utilised interactive learning materials along with training videos and guidelines for their self-development at the school level. Teachers in the control group conducted self-development only with training videos and guidelines. The result was analysed using self-regulated learning theory explaining how one’s self-regulation processes affect learning satisfaction. Five self-regulation processes were identified in this study: internal motivation, motivation for better assessment, planning and organizing skills, critical and positive thinking skills, and effort regulation. The analysis was conducted in two steps. First, t-test analysis was used to identify the significant differences between the experimental group and the control group. The analysis revealed: (1) teachers conducting self-development with interactive learning materials were highly motivated to achieve better teacher assessment, (2) teachers with interactive learning materials had higher learning satisfaction. Second, the study further investigated the effect of interactive materials on the relationship between self-regulation processes and learning satisfaction, using moderation analysis. The results showed that interactive materials significantly affect the relationship between motivation for better assessment and learning satisfaction, as well as the relationship between internal motivation and learning satisfaction. These results were complemented by qualitative analysis including interviews and focus group discussions with teachers.
The Breaking of Symmetry Leads to Chirality in Cucurbituril-Type Hosts
Authors: Aav Riina , Mishra Kamini
Published: April 2018

Cucurbituril-type hosts are highly symmetric, but there are means to break their symmetry. This review will present examples from three directions of induction of chirality in or by cucurbituril-type hosts: first, through the incorporation of stereogenic elements into host molecules; second, through complexation with achiral guests, which leads to axial supramolecular chirality and helical structures; third, through the formation of complexes with chiral guests in multi-molecule complexes and induction of supramolecular chirality. In addition, a list of chiral guests used in binding studies with cucurbiturils is collected. We would envision that encouraged by the outlined examples of outstanding applications of chiral cucurbituril-supramolecular systems, the boundaries of chiral applications of cucurbiturils would be widened.
Un tétradrachme de Lysimaque surfrappé sur une pièce d’Antiochos Ier à Sardes
Authors: de Callataÿ François , Iossif Panagiotis P.
Published: April 2018

Un tétradrachme aux types de Lysimaque réputé avoir été frappé à Lysimachie après sa mort a clairement été surfrappé sur un type rare et spectaculaire d’Antiochos Sôter (une tête de cheval décorée de cornes). Ce tétradrachme a sans doute été surfrappé avec la volonté d’effacer les images d’Antiochos au moment où la cité de Lysimachie aurait fait partie de la «Ligue du Nord » , une alliance de cités ayant lutté contre l’extension du pouvoir séleucide dans la région après la mort de Lysimaque à Coroupedion.
Entre morale et politique. Le centre catholique des intellectuels français face à la décolonisation (1952-1966)
Authors: Guyot Claire
Published: April 2018

Le Centre catholique des intellectuels français face à la décolonisation, Claire Guyot.

Fortement engagé au moment de la crise marocaine, étranger à la radicalisation des positions prises par bon nombre d'intellectuels sur la question algérienne, le Centre catholique des intellectuels français incarne les degrés d'investissement de l'intelligentsia catholique quant au processus d'émancipation coloniale. Cette évolution souligne les difficultés d'un organisme regroupant des intellectuels chrétiens à gérer l'opposition entre un catholicisme ouvert à certaines formes de la modernité culturelle et un catholicisme identitaire et conservateur.
À la recherche d'une culture socialiste. Le cas des entreprises en RDA (1949-1989)
Authors: Kott Sandrine
Published: April 2018

À la recherche d'une culture socialiste. Le cas des entreprises en RDA (1949-1989), Sandrine Kott.

Durant les années 1950, le projet de construction d'une société socialiste s'est accompagné de la mise en place d'une nouvelle politique culturelle qui devait en poser les fondements. Fidèles aux préceptes léninistes, les nouveaux dirigeants de l'Allemagne socialiste virent alors dans l'interaction entre la production culturelle et le travail productif la condition d'émergence d'une réelle culture socialiste. Pour ce faire, un transfert de la culture vers les entreprises industrielles fut encouragé. La culture ouvrière pratiquée et développée au sein des entreprises par le syndicat fut d'abord vue comme un instrument politique et économique au service de l'édification du socialisme. Elle ne fut jamais conçue comme l'occasion d'un plaisir ou d'une expression individuelle. Dès le milieu des années 1960, elle se mua en une sous-culture ouvrière qui se confondit avec une politique du temps libre tendant à organiser et à canaliser la plus grande partie des activités de la population. Cette politique répondit partiellement à certaines aspirations de la population, en particulier dans le milieu des artistes et des intellectuels, et contribua à assurer la stabilité apparente du régime.
La chronique des événements en cours. Une revue de la dissidence dans l'URSS Brejnévienne
Authors: Vaissié Cécile
Published: April 2018

La Chronique des événements en cours. Une revue de la dissidence dans l'URSS brejnévienne, Cécile Vaissié.

Fondée en 1968 en réponse à la répression qui suivit l'ère khrouchtchévienne, La Chronique des événements en cours fut jusqu'en 1982 la principale revue dissidente russe. Se consacrant exclusivement à la dénonciation des mesures dont étaient victimes ceux qui défendaient les libertés individuelles, elle se heurta elle-même au pouvoir dès 1972. Elle parvint toutefois à survivre, et devint, grâce à l'opiniâtreté de ses rédacteurs et à la rigueur de son information, le principal organe de la pensée libre en Russie soviétique, incarnant ainsi l'esprit même de la dissidence, sa mission, ses choix et son destin.
Sur les « crises » urbaines
Authors: Voldman Danièle
Published: April 2018

Sur les « crises » urbaines, Danièle Voldman.

Alors que sociologues et politologues analysent les différents aspects des crises urbaines, les historiens s'y sont peu intéressés jusqu'à présent. En faire un objet d'histoire en transformerait pourtant les représentations et les réalités. On peut dresser une typologie des difficultés urbaines à la fois synchronique et diachronique et répartir leurs manifestations dans un ensemble de phénomènes à l'œuvre. Mais en déclinant les paramètres qui, depuis le début du siècle, ont permis aux pouvoirs publics et aux théoriciens de la ville de parler de crise, on aboutit à inclure le dysfonctionnement dans le mode d'être spécifique de l'urbain. Cela conduit à relativiser les aspects très contemporains des désordres en montrant combien des éléments énoncés comme totalement nouveaux existaient depuis les débuts de l'urbanisation ; à analyser les évolutions et les transformations des aspects sociaux, économiques et politiques de manifestations dites pathologiques en croisant les analyses démographiques et sociales, les données économiques et financières, les problèmes de transport et de répartition spatiale pour trouver des faisceaux descriptifs donnant une intelligibilité à l'ensemble des éléments pris en compte ; à comprendre les raisons du syndrome de l'échec qui a saisi si fréquemment la classe politique et les professionnels de l'urbain ; à mettre en lumière, enfin, les aspects non oppressifs, consensuels ou positifs des systèmes urbains.
La régulation des nuisances industrielles urbaines (1800-1940)
Authors: Massard-Guilbaud Geneviève
Published: April 2018

La régulation des nuisances industrielles urbaines (1800-1940), Geneviève Massard-Guilbaud.

C'est en 1810 qu'apparut la première législation française concernant l'industrie urbaine. Il s'agissait alors de départager industriels et propriétaires en conflit pour la maîtrise du sol urbain. Bien qu'il ne visât pas à protéger l'environnement, ce texte allait être utilisé par les citadins protestant contre les fumées, les odeurs, la pollution de l'eau et le bruit causés par l'industrie. Sous leur pression, le champ d'application et les objectifs de la loi furent élargis, et une inspection des établissements polluants mise en place en 1917. D'autres mesures, comme la loi de 1932 interdisant les fumées, vinrent compléter le dispositif dans l'entre-deux-guerres. Dans les années 1920 et 1930, les aspects scientifiques et techniques prirent dans les dossiers une place croissante, renforçant le pouvoir des industriels face aux pouvoirs publics. Le zoning industriel, bien qu'absent des lois, fit son apparition dans les faits. Divers facteurs - manque de moyens et de compétence des inspecteurs, faiblesse face aux grands industriels et surtout absence de pensée globale des problèmes urbains - se conjuguèrent cependant pour rendre l'arsenal législatif mis en place relativement inefficace. À la veille de la seconde guerre mondiale, les autorités municipales, qui ne jouaient aucun rôle dans la procédure permettant aux industries de s'installer, restaient dans l'incapacité de gérer leur propre territoire.
La politique du logement des immigrés (1945-1990)
Authors: Viet Vincent
Published: April 2018

La politique du logement des immigrés, Vincent Viet.

S'il se posait bien avant la Libération, le problème du logement des immigrés est devenu crucial dans les années 1970, alors que la pénurie de logements pour les nationaux ne revêtait plus la même intensité que par le passé. Un tel constat invite à questionner les différents modes d'action qui ont été mis en œuvre pour régler, dans le même temps, la question du logement des nationaux et celle des immigrés. Ni le mode de la « différenciation », retenu jusqu'au milieu des années 1970, ni celui, ultérieur, de « l'indifférenciation » n'ont permis de réaliser la dispersion des étrangers dans le parc du logement social et d'éviter un phénomène que les responsables de la politique d'immigration redoutaient depuis longtemps : l'émergence et l'affirmation d'une société multiethnique et multiculturelle.
Le Portugal et ses « sentinelles de pierre ». L'exposition du monde portugais en 1940
Authors: Léonard Yves
Published: April 2018

Le Portugal et ses « sentinelles de pierre ». L'Exposition du monde portugais en 1940, Yves Léonard.

De mai à septembre 1998, le Portugal a accueilli à Lisbonne la dernière exposition mondiale de ce siècle. De juin à décembre 1940, toujours à Lisbonne, mais plus en aval sur le Tage, s'est déroulée une autre exposition, tout aussi ambitieuse mais d'une nature bien différente, celle du monde portugais, point d'orgue des commémorations du 8e centenaire de la fondation du royaume du Portugal (1140) et du 3e centenaire de la restauration de l'indépendance face à l'Espagne (1640). Dédié à la gloire de l'Estado Novo salazariste, soigneusement orchestré par la propagande, ce cycle commémoratif mettait en scène un Portugal « vieux de huit siècles » qui semblait se retrancher derrière ses « sentinelles de pierre ». Sur le plan intérieur, ce cycle marquait l'apogée d'un double processus, celui de la légitimation du régime salazariste et celui d'une mystique impériale associant étroitement un nationalisme non belliciste à l'idée coloniale. Sur le plan extérieur, les commémorations de 1940 affirmaient l'image d'un Portugal neutre, « havre de paix » en Europe et qui, rayonnant sur le « monde portugais », n'était pas « un petit pays ».
Splitting a coordination with “with”
Authors: Tatsumi Yuta , Fujiwara Yoshiki
Published: April 2018

By investigating data on Japanese particle to ‘with/and’, this paper provides a unified analysis of three types of construction containing the particle to. We argue that a single to particle coordinating two elements is a conjunction particle (single to construction), while to selecting the coordination phrase (multiple to construction) and to adjoined to a single element (split to construction) are comitative postpositions. Under the proposal, the split to construction and the multiple to construction share the same underlying structure containing the single to construction. We also show that Russian coordinative and discontinuous comitatives are derived in a similar way to Japanese, following Ionin and Matushansky (2003). Our proposal suggests that a discontinuous comitative phrase and its associate universally form a constituent in a base structure.
AIR-VOID-AFFECTED ZONE IN CONCRETE BEAM UNDER FOUR-POINT BENDING FRACTURE
Authors: ZHANG Chuanchuan , YANG Xinhua , GAO Hu
Published: April 2018

A series of numerical simulations were performed on prenotched four-point bending (FPB) concrete beams containing air voids of different sizes and locations by using the finite element method combined with the cohesive crack model. The void-affected zone was proposed for characterizing the effect of a void on a fracture, and its size was determined by moving an air void horizontally until the crack path changed. As a function of air void location and size, the dimensionless affected-zone radius was fitted according to the numerical results. Finally, the fracture processes of the pre-notched FPB concrete beams with randomly distributed voids were simulated numerically, and the affected-zone radius was used to explain the choice of crack paths to verify the prediction. It was found that the prediction is accurate for an isolated affected zone and is roughly approximate for an overlapped one
New Circumstellar Sources of PO and PN: The Increasing Role of Phosphorus Chemistry in Oxygen-rich Stars
Authors: Ziurys L. M. , Schmidt D. R. , Bernal J. J.
Published: April 2018

PO and PN have been newly identified in several oxygen-rich circumstellar envelopes, using the Submillimeter Telescope of the Arizona Radio Observatory. The J = 5 → 4 and J = 6 → 5 transitions of PN near 235 and 282 GHz, and the lambda doublets originating in the J = 5.5 → 4.5 and J = 6.5 → 5.5 lines of PO at 240 and 284 GHz, have been detected toward the shells of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars TX Cam and R Cas. A similar set of lines has been observed toward the supergiant NML Cyg, and new transitions of these two molecules were also measured toward the AGB star IK Tau. Along with the previous data from VY Canis Majoris (VY CMa), these spectral lines were analyzed using the non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) circumstellar modeling code, ESCAPADE. For the AGB stars, peak abundances found for PN and PO were f ∼ (1–2) × 10−8 and (0.5–1) × 10−7, respectively, while those for the supergiants were f(PN) ∼ (0.3–0.7) × 10−8 and f(PO) ∼ (5–7) × 10−8. PN was well modeled with a spherical radial distribution, suggesting formation near the stellar photosphere, perhaps enhanced by shocks. PO was best reproduced by a shell model, indicating a photochemical origin, except for VY CMa. Overall, the abundance of PO is a factor of 5–20 greater than that of PN. This study suggests that phosphorus-bearing molecules are common in O-rich envelopes, and that a significant amount of phosphorus (>20%) remains in the gas phase.
The HectoMAP Cluster Survey. I. redMaPPer Clusters
Authors: Sohn Jubee , Geller Margaret J. , Rines Kenneth J. , Hwang Ho Seong , Utsumi Yousuke , Diaferio Antonaldo
Published: April 2018

We use the dense HectoMAP redshift survey to explore the properties of 104 redMaPPer cluster candidates. The redMaPPer systems in HectoMAP cover the full range of richness and redshift (0.08 < z < 0.60). Fifteen of the systems included in the Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam public data release are bona fide clusters. The median number of spectroscopic members per cluster is ∼20. We include redshifts of 3547 member candidates listed in the redMaPPer catalog whether they are cluster members or not. We evaluate the redMaPPer membership probability spectroscopically. The purity (number of real systems) in redMaPPer exceeds 90% even at the lowest richness. Three massive galaxy clusters (M ∼ 2 × 1013
M
⊙) associated with X-ray emission in the HectoMAP region are not included in the public redMaPPer catalog with λ
rich > 20, because they lie outside the cuts for this catalog.
Particle Number Dependence of the N-body Simulations of Moon Formation
Authors: Sasaki Takanori , Hosono Natsuki
Published: April 2018

The formation of the Moon from the circumterrestrial disk has been investigated by using N-body simulations with the number N of particles limited from 104 to 105. We develop an N-body simulation code on multiple Pezy-SC processors and deploy Framework for Developing Particle Simulators to deal with large number of particles. We execute several high- and extra-high-resolution N-body simulations of lunar accretion from a circumterrestrial disk of debris generated by a giant impact on Earth. The number of particles is up to 107, in which 1 particle corresponds to a 10 km sized satellitesimal. We find that the spiral structures inside the Roche limit radius differ between low-resolution simulations (N ≤ 105) and high-resolution simulations (N ≥ 106). According to this difference, angular momentum fluxes, which determine the accretion timescale of the Moon also depend on the numerical resolution.
Testing the Cubic Galileon Gravity Model by the Milky Way Rotation Curve and SPARC Data
Authors: Chan Man Ho , Hui Hon Ka
Published: April 2018

Recently, the cubic Galileon gravity (CGG) model has been suggested as an alternative gravity theory to general relativity. The model consists of an extra field potential term that can serve as the “fifth force.” In this article, we examine the possibility of whether or not this extra force term can explain the missing mass problem in galaxies without the help of dark matter. By using the Milky Way rotation curve and the Spitzer Photomery and Accurate Rotation Curves data, we show that this CGG model can satisfactorily explain the shapes of these rotation curves without dark matter. The CGG model can be regarded as a new alternative theory to challenge the existing dark matter paradigm.