bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long‐term Effects of Rock Type on Appalachian Coal Mine Soil Properties
Authors: Nash Whitney L. , Daniels W. Lee , Haering Kathryn C. , Burger James A. , Zipper Carl E.
Published: June 2016

Rock‐derived overburden material is used as a topsoil substitute for reclamation of Appalachian coal mines. We evaluated five mixtures (n= 4 each) of sandstone (SS) and siltstone (SiS) overburden as topsoil substitutes for 25+ years to quantify changes in mine soil properties. The study area was planted only to tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus(Schreb.)], but over 50 herbaceous species invaded over time. Standing biomass was highest in early years (5.2–9.3 Mg ha−1in 1983) and was strongly affected by rock type (SS > SiS), declined significantly by 1989 (1.5–2.4 Mg ha−1), and then increased again (2×) by 2008. However, there was no long‐term rock type effect on standing biomass. Rock fragments and texture differed after 26 yr, with fewer rock fragments in the SS‐dominated mixtures (53 vs. 77% in SiS) and lower sand and higher clay in the SiS‐dominated mixtures. Soil pH initially ranged from 5.45 (SS) to 7.45 (SiS), dropped for several years, increased in all SiS mixes, and then slowly declined again to 5.65 (SS) to 6.46 (SiS) over the final 15 yr. Total N, organic matter, and cation exchange capacity increased with time, and extractable P decreased. Chemical weathering was most apparent initially, but physical weathering of rock fragments and changes in texture continued throughout the study period. Influences of original rock mixtures remained apparent after 25+ yr in both physical and chemical properties of these mine soils, which remained much coarser than local native soils but were higher in pH, exchangeable cations, and extractable P.

Core Ideas

Coal mine overburden rock type controls initial and long‐term mine soil properties.

Rock fragments significantly decreased and silt+clay increased over 25+ years.

Mine soil pH quickly decreased, increased, and then decreased again over time.

Mine soil CEC increased dramatically over time, primarily via humus accumulation.

Rock type affected short‐term standing biomass but not over the long‐term.
Colombia:educación, expropiación y salud. Tres alternativas de solución al conflicto
Authors: López López Andrés Felipe , Guerra Villa Cesar Augusto , Varela Olaya Rodrigo
Published: June 2016

El presente escrito tiene dos momentos y un propósito. El primer momento consta de un recorrido por la historia económica de Colombia de manera general, como una sola pincelada en un lienzo en blanco. En el segundo proponemos que la educación, la expropiación y la salud son elementos atómicos en la construcción de una sociedad justa y verdaderamente humana en Colombia. El propósito está en orden a defender la idea de que la educación para hombres libres, es el más importante recurso de transformación social en una nación que ha sufrido, más que vivido, sus cambios y sus problemas.
Reflexión teofilosófica sobre los derechos humanos de las víctimas de la violencia en tiempos de postconflicto
Authors: Velásquez Orrego Dora Elena , Huelgos Sierra Ruth Liliana
Published: June 2016

Este artículo emprende una reflexión sobre el conflicto en Colombia desde la perspectiva de derechos humanos con enfoque teo-filosófico. Para ello, se hace necesario hablar de la visión teológica entendida como acompañamiento humanizante a quienes se encuentran en condición de víctimas con miras a la recuperación de la libertad y la esperanza. Y de la filosofía como herramienta de análisis racional del sentido de la existencia humana, donde el ser humano se descubra a sí mismo como responsable de lo que hace, revelando al mismo tiempo, desde la acción que supone la ética, el poder de  la voluntad como máximo valor. Este miramiento teo-filosófico, no solamente alude a las víctimas del conflicto armado del país, sino también, a las víctimas de otras situaciones que frente al conflicto armado parecen olvidarse o minimizarse.
Perseitas Vol. 3 No 2 (julio - diciembre 2015)
Authors: Zuluaga Mesa David Esteban
Published: June 2016

Para la Facultad de Educación y Humanidades de la Fundación Universitaria Luis Amigó es grato presentar el segundo número de 2015 de la Revista Perseitas. El propósito fundamental de la revista es la divulgación de reflexiones filosóficas y teológicas resultantes de procesos investigativos en los ámbitos nacional e internacional. La relevancia de la publicación radica en la posibilidad que ofrece la revista de dar a conocer las vertientes de los discursos filosóficos y teológicos en contextos plurales, complejos, que exigen posturas no sólo en los campos científicos y tecnológicos sino también en el de las ciencias humanas.
Análisis filosófico y teológico de la mentira desde la teoría de los actos de habla
Authors: Vide Rodríguez Vicente
Published: June 2016

En el panorama filosófico actual nos encontramos con diferentes teorías semánticasde la verdad. Por su parte, la mayoría de los autores de teología moral siguende cerca el pensamiento de San Agustín y de Santo Tomás de Aquino, definiendola mentira como un lenguaje contrario al propio pensamiento con la voluntad deengañar. Es preciso integrar en el análisis filosófico y teológico de la mentira lateoría de los actos de habla (Austin, Searle y Habermas, entre otros), ya que elmentir no se reduce a su dimensión locucionaria. Presenta, además, una fuerzailocucionaria y una intención comunicativa, desde la que pueden reinterpretarselos principios clásicos de la anfibolia o restricción mental, las respuestas con doblesentido, el mal menor o las mentiras piadosas.Así pues, la noción filosófica y teológica de mentira debe tener en cuenta losanálisis provenientes de las ciencias humanas y, especialmente, de las cienciaslingüísticas. Además, se debe recordar que no siempre es posible ni deseablepara los seres humanos expresar una perfecta adecuación entre lo que el individuodice que es verdad, lo que cree que es verdad y lo que la realidad es en sí. Porello, además de la dimensión locucionaria, es preciso incorporar en el análisisdel acto de habla del mentir las dimensiones de la coherencia, de la autenticidad,de la fidelidad, de la honestidad y trasparencia, asumiendo al mismo tiempo laopacidad, las paradojas de la vida y la ironía de la existencia humana.
La comunicación como medio de revelación. Éxodo 3, 2-7
Authors: Andrade Quiroz Angie Tatiana
Published: June 2016

Este artículo, fruto de investigación, abordó el tema de la comunicación comomedio para dar a conocer la revelación de Dios; el objetivo fue descubrir elementosen el actuar de YHWH, quien se vale de la comunicación para revelarse;esto ayudó a contestar a la pregunta: ¿Qué elementos narrativos encontramosen Éxodo 3, 2-7 como medio de revelación divina? Para responder, dicho trabajose realizó en el marco del enfoque praxeológico, cuyo interés investigativo esla acción transformadora en que se interviene; sus etapas: ver, juzgar, actuar ydevolución creativa. El análisis realizado permitió identificar las acciones de Diospara darse a conocer, por ende se tiene: un Dios que ve la opresión de su pueblo,este ver no solo lo lleva a la reflexión, sino que lo capacita para hacer un juiciovalorativo: un Dios que oye los clamores de su pueblo, es tal el dolor que expresanque se hace necesario dar una respuesta, Dios entra en la historia; un Diosque trabaja a favor de su pueblo, es así un Dios llamado a servir a la humanidad;finalmente, un Dios de Pacto, adquiere un compromiso con su pueblo. Es un Diosque antes de darse a conocer se acerca, ve, escucha y responde de acuerdo ala necesidad, es así como Dios comunica su revelación. Dichos elementos sonpresentados como prototipos para el predicador, quien comunica la Revelación;estos hallazgos muestran cómo Dios se inclina a favor de los débiles y sugiereque al igual que Él debemos intervenir las realidades de nuestro entorno, paraque, como instrumentos de comunicación de la revelación, logremos, primeroen nosotros y luego en los más vulnerados, una respuesta de seguimiento (devolucióncreativa) para llegar a la plenitud de la revelación hecha por el Padre.
Revista Perseitas Vol. 1, Núm. 1, (julio-diciembre 2013)
Authors: Zuluaga Mesa David
Published: June 2016

La Revista Perseitas permite  el encuentro de autores y temas en un ejercicio dialógico que funda comunidad académica y que fortalece, en un escenario donde se privilegia el quehacer técnico, la dinámica propia de las ciencias sociales y humanas, que si bien es cierto no se ha perdido, sí necesita oxigenarse. A propósito del nombre: Perseitas está conformado por la expresión Latina per, que según Santiago Segura Munguía en su Diccionario por raíces latinas y de las voces derivadas, traduce: a través de, por medio de, entre. Y la palabra latina se, entendida como: sí mismo, uno mismo. Per se, se entiende entonces como: por sí mismo, por sus propios medios (Segura, 2007). A partir del nombre de la revista se busca integrar el pensamiento de cada uno de los autores que en ella publiquen, dada la diversidad de perspectivas en torno a temas filosóficos y teológicos. Al reunir varias voces, distintas miradas y diversas conceptualizaciones, se busca que cada autor “per se”, manifieste su visión del mundo, sus reflexiones y experiencias, posibilitando ejercicios dialógicos en procura del fortalecimiento de la reflexión filosófica y teológica
PENGUATAN KOMPETENSI GURU FISIKA MTS/SMP/MA/SMA SE-KECAMATAN NGALIYAN MELALUI PELATIHAN PENULISAN ARTIKEL ILMIAH SEBAGAI SALAH SATU UPAYA PENINGKATAN KUANTITAS KONTRIBUTOR JURNAL PENDIDIKAN MIPA
Authors: Nurhayati Alwiyah
Published: June 2016

Telah dilakukan kegiatan karya pengabdian dosen yang bertujuan untuk membekali pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam tata tulis artikel ilmiah layak publikasi sekaligus sebagai sarana untuk meningkatkan kuantitas kontributor pada jurnal pendidikan MIPA yang dikelola di Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan UIN Walisongo. Target keluaran yang diharapkan diantaranya adalah guru mengetahui tata penulisan artikel ilmiah sehingga akan mendorong peningkatan produktifitas guru dalam menghasilkan artikel ilmiah yang layak untuk dipublikasikan serta meningkatnya kuantitas kontributor jurnal di bidang pendidikan MIPA yang dikelola di FITK UIN Walisongo Semarang. Kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan melalui 6 tahap yaitu analisis kebutuhan, penyusunan modul pelatihan, koordinasi dengan khalayak, pelaksanaan pelatihan, evaluasi dan pendampingan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah berupa artikel ilmiah dan juga rancangan kegiatan penelitian tindakan kelas yang disusun oleh para guru. Adapun tema yang ditulis antara lain tentang pembuatan bahan ajar, eksperimen laboratorium dan PTK. Tindak lanjut dari kegiatan ini yaitu berupa pendampingan yang dilakukan secara online melalui e-mail dan juga secara offline melalui pendampingan ke sekolah dengan tim ahli hingga menghasilkan artikel ilmiah layak publikasi.
PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DI MADRASAH SALAFIYAH
Authors: Sa’adah Fihris
Published: June 2016

Theoretically, one of the dominant factors that influence the development of individual character are environmental factors which is a condition that allows the process of personal character development. Creating an conducive environment to the development of character Girikusumo Salaf Islamic School students is done by creating a tradition /habituation practical in everyday life in all their daily activities in relation to the quality of their religious or otherwise. Attempt the formation of character through this Salaf Islamic school in addition to the above character education, can also be done simultaneously through the educational value of the following steps. First, apply a “modeling” or “exemplary” or “uswah hasanah”. Second, efforts to explain or clarify to students constantly about the value of good and evil has been done in the Girikusumo Salaf Islamic School. Third, implement the SIS is based on character education.

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Secara teoritik, salah satu faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi perkembangan karakter individu adalah faktor-faktor lingkungan yang merupakan kondisi yang memungkinkan proses perkembangan karakter pribadi. Menciptakan lingkungan yang kondusif bagi perkembangan karakter di kalangan siswa Sekolah Islam Salaf Girikusumo dilakukan dengan cara menciptakan tradisi atau praktek pembiasaan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari yang terkait dengan peningkatan kualitas keagamaan atau kehidupan mereka. Di samping upaya di atas, pembentukan karakter juga dilakukan dengan simultan melalui penanaman nilai dengan langkah-langkah sebagai berikut: pertama, menerapkan pencontohan atau uswah hasanah. Kedua menjelaskan tentang nilai yang baik dan buruk. Ketiga, mengimplementasikan SIS yang didasarkan pada pendidikan karakter.
NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN DALAM SURAT LUQMAN
Authors: Mukodi Mukodi
Published: June 2016

The result of this study —library research— showed that the values of Islamic education are contained in the Holy Qur’an surah Luqman verses 12-19. There are at least three basic education, namely aqidah education, syari’ah education and character education. Aqidah education, there are two things: (1) prohibition of associating partners with Allah. Luqman al-Hakim himself had to prioritize monotheism education (tauhid) to his children, (2) believe in the place of hereafter. Luqman ordered his children to believe the reward of all his deeds. Especially retaliation for our gratitude to Him for every blessing and our sense of respect for both parents. Syari’ah Education, there are two things, namely a command set up prayer and amar ma‘rūf nahy munkar. Character education, which is the command to ingratitude towards Allah SWT. For all the blessings and grace of God, we should be grateful to Him.

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Artikel ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan Islam termuat dalam al-Qur’an Surat Lukman 12-19. Setidaknya ada tiga tingkatan yaitu pendidikan aqidah, pendidikan syari’ah, dan pendidik­an karakter. Pendidikan aqidah meliputi dua hal: (1) larangan mensekutukan Allah. Lukman Hakim memprioritaskan pendidikan tauhid kepada anak-anak; (2)mempercayai hari akhir. Lukman Hakim mengajarkan kepada anak-anaknya untuk mempercayai balasan atas perbuatan yang dilakukan di dunia. Pendidikan syariah meliputi dua hal, yaitu mendirikan sholat dan amar ma‘rūf nahy munkar. Pendidikan karakter meliputi perintah untuk bersyukur kepada Allah atas semua karunia-Nya.
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN MUTU PERGURUAN TINGGI AGAMA ISLAM BERBASIS BALANCED SCORECARD
Authors: Machasin Machasin
Published: June 2016

This study is a policy research, which use STAIN in Central Java as objects of research, while faculty, students, employees, officers and graduates of the unit being analyzed. The analysis technique used is exploratory descriptive. To implement the balanced scorecard at STAIN would require accurately data and documents, it is to be aware of changes in key indicators that can be used as the basis of evidence the organization’s activities. In this study, the perspective which used is the perspective of stakeholders, administrative and financial management, and the teaching and learning process, work ethos, culture and good governance. The results of the five perspective are referred to the differences of implementation, but for administrative and financial management perspective STAIN, in Central Java, faced the same thing that is the not optimal care units so that are still limited contribution to STAIN revenue.

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Kajian ini merupakan kajian kebijakan, yang menggunakan STAIN di Jawa Tengah sebagai obyek penelitian, dengan pejabat fakultas, mahasiswa, pegawai, dan lulusan yang menjadi obyek analisis. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah deskriptif eksploratif, dengan perspektif stakeholder, pejabat administratif dan keuangan, proses belajar mengajar, etos kerja, budaya, dan dan good governance. Hasil dari lima perspektif ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan implementasi, sementara dari perspektif pengelola administrasi dan keuangan menghadapi masalah yang sama yaitu tidak optimalnya unit-unit perawatan sehingga masih kecil kontribusinya bagi perolehan STAIN.
MAKNA KULTURAL DAN SOSIAL-EKONOMI TRADISI SYAWALAN
Authors: Anwar Khoirul
Published: June 2016

This article tries to uncover the cultural reason on Syawalan tradition in the village of Morodemak in Bonang, Demak. It also intends to reveal the meaning of the tradition for today’s society. Observations, interviews and examination of secondary data, can be conluded that the tradition of Syawalan in Morodemak is one of traditions that expresses the religious Javanese culture in coastal area. For Morodemak community, tradition of Syawalan is a form of gratitude to God Almighty for the gift of the abundance of seafood as well as an expression of prayer from dangerous things in life that can arise from the sea. Syawalan tradition also has the meaning of caring for nature, especially the sea as well as the meaning of cohesion and communality among fishing communities. In addition to the cultural meanings, traditions Syawalan also have economic and socio-cultural significance for the local governments and communities.

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Tulisan ini berusaha untuk mengungkap nalar kebudayaan pada tradisi Syawalan di Desa Morodemak Bonang Demak. Selain itu juga bermaksud mengungkap makna tradisi tersebut bagi masyarakat saat ini. Hasil pengamatan, wawancara serta telaah terhadap data sekunder, dapat dijelaskan bahwa tradisi Syawalan di Morodemak merupakan salah satu tradisi masyarakat yang mengekspresikan kebudayaan masyarakat Jawa pesisiran yang religius. Bagi masyarakat Morodemak, tradisi Syawalan merupakan wujud rasa syukur pada Tuhan YME atas karunia melimpahnya hasil laut sekaligus ungkapan doa keselamatan dari segala mara-bahaya yang bisa timbul dari laut. Tradisi Syawalan juga memiliki makna kepedulian kepada alam, khususnya laut serta makna membangun kerukunan dan keguyuban di antara masyarakat nelayan. Selain makna-makna kultural tersebut, tradisi Syawalan juga memiliki makna ekonomis dan sosial budaya bagi pemerintah lokal dan masyarakat.
The Role of Mean Platelet Volume on Distinction of Submucosal Myomas from Other Etiologies in Increased Endometrial Thickness
Authors: Seçkin Kerem Doğa , Karslı Mehmet Fatih , Yücel Burak , Yılmaz Elif Akkaş , Öz Murat , Balsak Deniz , Kıyak Hüseyin , Yıldırım Gökhan
Published: June 2016

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine whether it is possible to differentiate submucosal fibroids before interventional procedures based on mean platelet volume (MPV), in reproductive-age patients presenting with endometrial thickening and abnormal uterine bleeding.STUDY DESIGN: This study included 581 reproductive-age women who underwent diagnostic procedures (curettage or operative hysteroscopy) and were subsequently divided into two groups based on clinico-pathological findings. The first group included those with benign endometrial pathology (control group, n=438), and the second group consisted of those with submucosal leiomyomas (n=143). The demographic characteristics and complete blood count (CBC) data of these patients were collected retrospectively, and comparisons were made between groups.RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was found between the groups according to demographic features and CBC parameters such as hemoglobin levels and white blood count (p>0,05). Platelet counts were significantly higher and MPV values were significantly lower in submucosal leiomyoma patients compared with the control subjects (p<0,05).CONCLUSIONS: MPV may be a useful predictive marker when differentiating submucosal leiomyoma from other benign causes of abnormal uterine bleeding. The ability to predict the possibility of the presence of submucosal leiomyoma before surgery can assist in determining the most appropriate type of invasive procedure.
A New Etiologic Factor for Adnexal Torsion: Congenital Omental Fenestrum
Authors: Fidan Ulaş , Fıratlıgil Fahri Burçin , Ulubay Mustafa , Keskin Uğur , Ergün Ali
Published: June 2016

Torsion seen in ovary, fallopian tube or in both organs is one of the gynecologic emergency pathologies in patients suffering from acute lower abdominal pain, and it constitutes approximately 2.7% of gynecologic emergencies. Delays in diagnosis and treatment can cause ischemic damage, in that way can cause the risk of ovary, fallopian tube or both organs loss. Thus, it can result in fertility problems in people who are desiring future fertility.Although the etiology is not totally known, it has been thought that torsion risk has been increasing in benign cystic teratomas and ovarian tumors. It can be also seen in congenital situations such as vitellointestinal duct anomaly and people who have undergone pelvic surgery.In this article, a case for adnexal torsion developed in congenital omental fenestrum which is considered as a new factor for torsion etiology, was explained.
A Rare Skin Lesion During Pregnancy: Localized Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Authors: Çetin Cihan , Büyükkurt Selim , Köksal Fatih , Özgünen Tuncay
Published: June 2016

Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease that is spread by phlebotomine sand flies. These flies cause infections called cutaneous and/or visceral leishmaniasis in humans. In this paper, we present a pregnant patient who was diagnosed with localized cutaneous leishmaniasis, a localized form of the disease, and the treatment we applied to the patient. The patient was given systemic amphotericin-B treatment, however the immunosuppressive state of pregnancy and the diabetes of the patient complicated the treatment. Although the size of the lesion regressed during pregnancy, we could not completely cure the disease.
Unilateral Isolated Pleural Effusion in Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
Authors: Gürbüz Ali Sami , Özçimen Emel Ebru , Özçimen Necati
Published: June 2016

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an iatrogenic complication with symptoms ranging from mild to severe. Pleural effusion occurs in severe forms of OHSS; however, isolated pleural effusion is rare. Here, we report a case of OHSS with isolated pleural effusion at presentation and discuss OHSS in light of the literature.
Spontaneous Fundal Uterine Rupture in a Pregnant Woman at 32 Weeks Gestation who had Two Previous Cesarean Sections
Authors: Kaba Metin , Öksüzoğlu Ayşegül , Timur Hakan , Akbaba Eren , Kaba Gökçen , Üstün Yaprak Engin
Published: June 2016

Spontaneous uterine rupture during pregnancy can cause severe complications, even maternal and fetal demise. We report successful management of a spontaneous fundal uterine rupture in a 32 week pregnant who had undergone two previous cesarean sections due to preterm delivery. We explain causes of spontaneous uterine rupture and the management of this rare event in the presented case report.
The Impact of Ovarian Endometrioma(s) on ART Outcomes: Retrospective Case Control Study
Authors: Pabuçcu Emre Göksan , Gürsoy Aslı Yarcı , Ulubaşoğlu Hasan , Demirkıran Özgür Doğuş , Sinem Çağlar Gamze , Pabuçcu Recai
Published: June 2016

OBJECTIVE: To compare oocyte yield of women with intact ovarian endometrioma(s) to those without endometrioma undergoing ART. Secondary outcomes were implantation and live birth rates between the two groups.STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case-control study was conducted to document eligible cases. A total of 165 women with intact endometrioma(s) (END) were included in the final analysis. Controls were 196 cases with tubal disease as the sole cause of their infertility who underwent ART in the same time period. Cases and controls were matched for age, BMI and serum AMH concentrations. Ovarian stimulation characteristics and pregnancy outcomes including live birth data were documented for both groups.RESULTS: Despite similar demographic characteristics, significantly longer cycle duration and higher amounts of gonadotropin consumption was observed in END group compared to controls (p<0.001). Significantly lower numbers of retrieved oocytes, mature oocytes and mature oocyte fraction (%, no of retrieved/mature) was detected in END group. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of fertilization, implantation and live birth rate per started cycle among groups. Cycle cancellations were also similar.CONCLUSION: In women with intact ovarian endometrioma(s) undergoing ART, oocyte quantity, especially mature oocyte yield was hampered. However, adequate number of mature oocytes, successful fertilization and satisfactory implantation rates might be possible contributing to acceptable live births. Further randomized controlled trials of patients with different sizes of endometrioma(s) would be needed to confirm our conclusions.
Evaluation of Maternal Hemorrhage in Placenta Accreta
Authors: Ağaçayak Elif , Tunç Senem Yaman , Alan Bircan , Başaranoğlu Serdar , Fındık Fatih Mehmet , Evsen Mehmet Sıddık , Yalınkaya Ahmet , Gül Talip
Published: June 2016

Objective: The aim of the present study is to provide a retrospective evaluation of placenta accreta cases to identify the factors affecting the blood transfusion requirement, which stands as one of the most important causes of maternal mortality and morbidity.study desıgn: A total of 110 patients who presented to the outpatient clinic of gynaecology and obstetrics of the Faculty of Medicine of Dicle University and were diagnosed with placental attachment before or during a caesarean section (C-section) between January 2006 and June 2015 were included in this study. The patients’ data were collected from the hospital’s records.Results: During the study period, 21674 births were realised and 110 (1/200) of these patients exhibited placenta accreta. 86 of these 110 patients (78,2%) received at least one unit of blood. The group of patients that had received blood transfusion exhibited significantly higher values in age, parity, number of C-sections, length of stay (p = 0.003, 0.004, 0.024, 0.000, respectively). Multiple logistical regression analysis led to the identification of a significant association between the length of stay and the blood transfusion requirements (OR 95% Cl 2.005(1.213-3.314) p= 0.007).Conclusion: Patients of advanced age as well as grand multiparous patients and patients with a history of multiple repeat caesarean deliveries should be evaluated more carefully during pregnancy. These patients should be referred to hospitals that provide multidisciplinary care and management before the delivery or even at the early stages of pregnancy in an effort to decrease maternal mortality and morbidity rates.
Can Urinary Catheterization Before Birth Reduce Postpartum Urinary Retention?
Authors: Şentürk Mehmet B. , Güraslan Hakan , Güven Ender , Çakmak Yusuf , Budak Mehmet Şükrü
Published: June 2016

Objective: Postpartum urinary retention (PUR) is defined as no spontaneous micturition in a period of more than 6 hours postpartum or residual volume of >150cc after urination. If a diagnosis is not made, there may be problems of over-distention of the bladder and consequently, denervation, detrusor atony and long-term micturition problems. This study aimed to examine the effect of urinary catheterization during birth on postpartum urinary retention (PUR).Study Design: A prospective randomized study was conducted with 137 patients. The study and control groups were formed according to a random number table. In the study group, urinary catheterization was applied before birth. In both groups, the time of the first postpartum micturition was recorded and after the first micturition, the residual urine volume was measured with catheterization. Cases with no spontaneous micturition in the first 6 hours postpartum were accepted as PUR. The two groups were compared with respect to time of first micturition and residual urine volume using Mann Whitney U-test and the presence of PUR with Chi-square test.Results: The time to first micturition was determined to be shorter in the group where urinary catheterization was applied before birth, the PUR rate was lower and the amount of residual urine was less (p<0.05). Birthweight, duration of labour, maternal age, weight, gravida and use of oxytocin were similar between the groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Urinary catheterization before birth reduces the rate of PUR.
Policy intervention for arsenic mitigation in drinking water in rural habitations in India: achievements and challenges
Authors: Shrivastava Brajesh K.
Published: June 2016

This article provides updated status of the arsenic affected rural habitations in India, summarizes the policy initiatives of the Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation (Government of India), reviews the technologies for arsenic treatment and analyses the progress made by states in tackling arsenic problems in rural habitations. It also provides a list of constraints based on experiences and recommends suggested measures to tackle arsenic problems in an holistic manner. It is expected that the paper would be useful for policy formulators in states, non-government organizations, researchers of academic and scientific institutions and programme managers working in the area of arsenic mitigation in drinking water, especially in developing countries, as it provides better insights compared to other available information in India on mitigating arsenic problems in drinking water in rural areas.
A study of 4-chlorophenol continuous adsorption on nano graphene oxide column: model comparison and breakthrough behaviors
Authors: Eslami Akbar , Mehralian Mohammad , Moheb Ahmad
Published: June 2016

Removal of 4-chlorophenol in a continuous fixed-bed column was investigated by using nano graphene oxide (NGO) adsorbent in this study. The adsorbent (NGO) was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and scanning electron microscopy analysis. Variables in the adsorption process were bed depths (5, 10 and 15 cm), flow rate (1, 2 and 4 mL/min), influent 4-chlorophenol concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 mg/L) and influent solution pH (6–7). The enhancement of adsorption is favored by decreasing 4-chlorophenol concentration and flow rate and increasing bed depth. Indeed, the best result obtained in this study was 145.2 mg/g of adsorption capacity under 4-chlorophenol concentration of 5 mg/L at a flow rate of 1 mL/min toward a bed depth of 15 cm. The results of the study showed that the ideal 4-chlorophenol adsorption followed well the Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models for predicting breakthrough behavior at different flow rates and bed depths. Finally, increasing flow rate, decreasing bed depth and increasing influent 4-chlorophenol concentration resulted in the breakthrough time and exhaustion time decreasing.
Microbial risk in wastewater irrigated lettuce: comparing Escherichia coli contamination from an experimental site with a laboratory approach
Authors: Makkaew P. , Miller M. , Fallowfield H. J. , Cromar N. J.
Published: June 2016

This study assessed the contamination of Escherichia coli, in lettuce grown with treated domestic wastewater in four different irrigation configurations: open spray, spray under plastic sheet cover, open drip and drip under plastic sheet cover. Samples of lettuce from each irrigation configuration and irrigating wastewater were collected during the growing season. No E. coli was detected in lettuce from drip irrigated beds. All lettuce samples from spray beds were positive for E. coli, however, no statistical difference (p > 0.05) was detected between lettuces grown in open spray or covered spray beds. The results from the field experiment were also compared to a laboratory experiment which used submersion of lettuce in wastewater of known E. coli concentration as a surrogate method to assess contamination following irrigation. The microbial quality of spray bed lettuces was not significantly different from submersed lettuce when irrigated with wastewater containing 1,299.7 E. coli MPN/100 mL (p > 0.05). This study is significant since it is the first to validate that the microbial contamination of lettuce irrigated with wastewater in the field is comparable with a laboratory technique frequently applied in the quantitative microbial risk assessment of the consumption of wastewater irrigated salad crops.
Bond Strength of a Novel One Bottle Multi-mode Adhesive to Human Dentin After
Six Months of Storage
Authors: Manfroi Fernanda Borguetti , Marcondes Maurem Leitão , Somacal Deise Caren , Borges Gilberto Antonio , Júnior Luiz Henrique Burnett , Spohr Ana Maria
Published: June 2016

Objective:

The aim of the study was to evaluate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of Scotchbond Universal to dentin using the etch-and-rinse or the self-etch technique after 24 h and 6 months of storage.

Materials and Methods:

Flat dentin surfaces were obtained in 24 third molars. The teeth were divided into four groups: G1 – Scotchbond Universal applied in the etch-and-rinse mode; G2 – Scotchbond Universal applied in the self-etch mode; G3 – Scotchbond Multi-Purpose; G4 – Clearfil SE Bond. A block of composite was built on the adhesive area. The tooth/resin sets were cut parallel to the long axis to obtain 40 beams (~0.8 mm2) for each group. Twenty specimens were immediately submitted to the µTBS test, and the remaining 20 were stored in water for 6 months. Failures and the adhesive interface were analyzed by SEM.

Results:

According to two-way ANOVA, the interaction between adhesive and storage time was significant (p=0.015).The µTBS (MPa) means were the following: 24 h – G1 (39.37±10.82), G2 (31.02±13.76), G3 (35.09±14.03) and G4 (35.84±11.06); 6 months – G1 (36.99±8.78), G2 (40.58±8.07), G3 (32.44±6.07) and G4 (41.75±8.25). Most failures were mixed. Evidence of hybrid layer and numerous resin tags were noted for Scotchbond Universal applied with the etch-and-rinse mode and Scotchbond Multi-Purpose. A thinner hybrid layer and fewer resin tags were noted for Scotchbond Universal applied in the self-etch mode and Clearfil SE Bond.

Conclusion:

The results indicate that the µTBS for Scotchbond Universal is comparable to the gold-standard adhesives. Scotchbond Universal applied in the self-etch mode and Clearfil SE Bond revealed higher bond stability compared to the etch-and-rinse mode.
Bernstein-Kantorovich operators on multidimensional cube
Authors: Stan G.
Published: June 2016

The aim of this paper is to introduce a multidimensional
Bernstein-Kantorovich operators for vector functions and study its
convergence and Voronovskaja-type results.
A note on the reduction formulas for some systems of linear operator equations
Authors: Jovovic Ivana , Malesevic Branko
Published: June 2016

We consider partial and total reduction of a nonhomogeneous linear system of
the operator equations with the system matrix in the same particular form as
in paper [7]. Here we present two different concepts. One is concerned with
partially reduced systems obtained by using the Jordan and the rational form
of the system matrix. The other one is dealing with totally reduced systems
obtained by finding the adjugate matrix of the characteristic matrix of the
system matrix.
One-pot green synthesis of isoxazol-5(4H)-one derivatives by Dowex1-x8OH in water
Authors: Setamdideh Davood
Published: June 2016

4-arylmethylidene-3-methylisoxazol-5(4H)-ones and
4-arylmethyl-idene-3-phenylisoxazol-5(4H)-ones have been synthesized in the
one-pot three-component synthesis in the presence of Dowex1-x8OH as catalyst
in water. The products have been obtained in high yields (90-95%) and proper
reaction times (1-5 hours). This method has eco-friendly profile and
operational simplicity.
CYP2C8 and SLCO1B1 Variants and Therapeutic Response to Thiazolidinediones in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Dawed Adem Y. , Donnelly Louise , Tavendale Roger , Carr Fiona , Leese Graham , Palmer Colin N.A. , Pearson Ewan R. , Zhou Kaixin
Published: June 2016

OBJECTIVE

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are putatively transported into the liver by OATP1B1 (encoded by SLCO1B1) and metabolized by CYP450 2C8 enzyme (encoded by CYP2C8). While CYP2C8*3 has been shown to alter TZD pharmacokinetics, it has not been shown to alter efficacy.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We genotyped 833 Scottish patients with type 2 diabetes treated with pioglitazone or rosiglitazone and jointly investigated association of variants in these two genes with therapeutic outcome.

RESULTS

The CYP2C8*3 variant was associated with reduced glycemic response to rosiglitazone (P = 0.01) and less weight gain (P = 0.02). The SLCO1B1 521T>C variant was associated with enhanced glycemic response to rosiglitazone (P = 0.04). The super responders defined by combined genotypes at CYP2C8 and SLCO1B1 had a 0.39% (4 mmol/mol) greater HbA1c reduction (P = 0.006) than the poor responders. Neither of the variants had a significant impact on pioglitazone response.

CONCLUSIONS

These results show that variants in CYP2C8 and SLCO1B1 have a large clinical impact on the therapeutic response to rosiglitazone and highlight the importance of studying transporter and metabolizing genes together in pharmacogenetics.
Does β-Cell Autoimmunity Play a Role in Cystic Fibrosis–Related Diabetes? Analysis Based on the German/Austrian Diabetes Patienten Verlaufsdokumentation Registry
Authors: Konrad Katja , Kapellen Thomas , Lilienthal Eggert , Prinz Nicole , Bauer Maria , Thon Angelika , Rietschel Ernst , Wiemann Dagobert , Holl Reinhard W.
Published: June 2016

OBJECTIVE

Research on β-cell autoimmunity in cystic fibrosis (CF)–related diabetes (CFRD) is still rare. We aimed to analyze the frequency of β-cell autoimmunity and the influence on age at diabetes onset, insulin requirement, type of insulin therapy, and hypoglycemic or ketoacidotic events in patients with CFRD compared with antibody-negative patients with CFRD in the Diabetes Patienten Verlaufsdokumentation (DPV) registry.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We analyzed data of 837 patients with CFRD in the German/Austrian DPV database by multivariable mixed-regression modeling.

RESULTS

In our cohort, 8.5% of patients with CFRD (n = 72) were found to be β-cell antibody positive. There was a female preponderance in this patient group: 65.3 vs. 57.6%. Diabetes onset (median [interquartile range]) was earlier (14.00 [10.15–15.90] vs. 16.10 [13.50–21.20] years; P < 0.005), and insulin dose/kg body weight was higher (0.95 [0.61–1.15] vs. 0.67 [0.33–1.04] IU/kg; P < 0.05). There were also differences in the type of insulin treatment. Insulin pump therapy was used significantly more often in patients with CFRD with β-cell autoimmunity (18.2 vs. 6.4%; P < 0.05). The differences for multiple daily injections (ICT) and conventional therapy (CT) were not significant (ICT: 67.7 vs. 79.0%; CT: 15.2 vs. 14.6). Oral antidiabetic agents were rarely used in both groups. Rate of severe hypoglycemia with coma and rate of ketoacidosis were higher in antibody-positive patients (hypoglycemia with coma: 8.0 vs. 1.4, P < 0.05; ketoacidosis: 9.3 vs. 0.9, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Presence of β-cell autoantibodies in our cohort of patients with CFRD (8.5%) appeared to be greater than in the general population and was associated with female sex, earlier onset of diabetes, and higher insulin requirement. Insulin pump therapy was used significantly more often in patients with β-cell antibodies. Severe hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis were significantly more frequent in CFRD with β-cell autoimmunity compared with β-cell antibody-negative patients with CFRD.
Clinical Comparison: Fast-Acting and Traditional Topical Dental Anesthetic
Authors: DiMarco Arthur C. , Wetmore Ann O'Kelley
Published: June 2016

A randomized, nonblinded clinical trial compared the effectiveness of an application method of a fast-acting refrigerant topical agent to a 20% benzocaine gel topical. In a split-mouth design, right and left anterior middle superior alveolar injections (N = 30) were administered with a 27-gauge needle at least 24 hours apart with preinjection topicals. Using a cotton-tipped applicator, a refrigerant topical was applied for 5 seconds and 20% benzocaine gel for 2 minutes on opposite sides at 2 separate appointments. Subjects self-reported pain perception after each injection using a visual analog scale (VAS). The mean VAS ratings demonstrated no significant difference between the 5-second application of the refrigerant (M = 16.2, SD = 17.7) and the 2-minute application of 20% benzocaine topical gel anesthetic (M = 17.9, SD = 18.2). Fifty-seven percent of the subjects reported greater pain reduction with the refrigerant, 33% reported greater pain reduction with 20% benzocaine, and 10% reported no difference. Results suggest the described method of application of a refrigerant as an oral topical anesthetic has a faster onset and provides similar benefit in pain reduction compared with 20% benzocaine gel. The refrigerant was easy to accomplish and well received by subjects, indicating potential for routine use in dentistry.
Rangelands, Volume 24, Number 2 (April 2002)
Authors:   Society for Range
                        Management
Published: June 2016

Complete digitized issue.
Ranchers Vs. Ranchettes in California's Oak Rangelands
Authors: Wacker Matthew J. , Kelly N. Maggi ,   Society for Range
                        Management
Published: June 2016

Livestock grazing appears a viable and useful vegetation management tool
in the Sierra Nevada Foothills.
Elk Populations in the Western United States and Canadian
Provinces
Authors: Vermeire Lance T. , Wallace Mark C. , Mitchell Robert B. ,   Society for Range
                        Management
Published: June 2016

Discover how game agencies count elk, why, and the accuracy of the
estimates.
Can Ranch Owners Include the Ranch in An Investment Portfolio?
Authors: Hawkes Jerry M. , Libbin James D. , Kohler Jeremy D. ,   Society for Range
                        Management
Published: June 2016

Reducing ranching financial risk can be achieved by diversification of
assets.
Landscape-Level Conservation: Modern management of traditional lands: A
case study of common rangelands in Germany’s Southern Black
Forester
Authors: Plieninger Tobias , Reinbolz Andreas ,   Society for Range
                        Management
Published: June 2016

Modern management of traditional lands: A case study of common
rangelands in Germany's Southern Black Forest.
Controlling Annual Bromes
Authors: Miller Derek ,   Society for Range
                        Management
Published: June 2016

Using rangeland "greenstrips" to create natural fire breaks.
Open Spaces, Working Places
Authors: Resnik Jessica , Wallace George , Brunson Mark ,   Society for Range
                        Management
Published: June 2016

Local government programs can slow loss of rangelands—but only if
urban and ranching interests find ways to work together.
Rangelands, Volume 29, Number 2 (April 2007)
Authors:   Society for Range
                        Management
Published: June 2016

Complete digitized issue.
Low-Moisture Blocks: A Tool to Promote Uniform Utilization By
Cattle?
Authors: Thrift Tanya M. , Brewer Tracy K. , Welling G. Robert ,   Society for Range
                        Management
Published: June 2016

Learn how to achieve uniform utilization across pastures that are
partially burned.
A History of Working Landscapes: The Altar Valley, Arizona, USA
Authors: Sayre Nathan F. ,   Society for Range
                        Management
Published: June 2016

How ranchers have shaped the West—and continue to do so.
Western Ranching, Trade Policies, and Peak Oil
Authors: Holechek Jerry L. , Hawkes Jerry ,   Society for Range
                        Management
Published: June 2016

Skyrocketing trade deficits coupled with depletion of oil and natural
gas reserves could make rangeland livestock production essential to food
security in the United States.
Book Review: Pasture and Range Plants, Robert A. Nicholson
Authors: Hatch Stephan L. ,   Society for Range
                        Management
Published: June 2016

Book Review: Pasture and Range Plants, Robert A. Nicholson. Fort Hays
State University, Fort Hays, KS, USA (2006).
Shrub Effects on Carbon Dioxide and Water Vapor Fluxes Over Grasslands
Authors: Frank A. B. , Karn J. F. ,   Society for Range Management
Published: June 2016

Temperate grasslands are a species-rich ecosystem that may be important in mitigating the increase in atmospheric CO2. The effect of shrub invasion on CO2 fluxes in Northern Great Plains grasslands is not known. The objectives of this research were to determine CO2 and water vapor fluxes over a grazed mixed-grass prairie (prairie site) and a mixed-grass prairie that has extensive invasion of shrubs (shrub prairie site). The Bowen ratio/energy balance (BREB) technique was used to determine CO2 and water vapor (ET) fluxes during a 4-year period from 1 May to 17 October in 1999, 2000, 2001, and 2002. Aboveground biomass and leaf area index (LAI) were measured about every 21 days throughout the growing season. Peak biomass occurred during July to early August and averaged 1 763 kg ha-1 for the prairie and 1 808 kg ha-1 for herbaceous locations in the shrub prairie site. LAI of the herbaceous locations averaged 0.39 for the prairie site and 0.56 for the shrub prairie site. LAI for the shrubs in the shrub prairie site averaged 4.28. Total growing season CO2 fluxes were similar in prairie and shrub prairie sites, averaging about 350 g CO2 m-2 (positive flux is CO2 uptake). However, the presence of shrubs altered the seasonal pattern of fluxes. Carbon dioxide fluxes over the shrub prairie site were higher than over the prairie site early in the growing season in May and June, and were often lower than those of the prairie site late in the growing season in August, September, and October. Evapotranspiration rates from May to mid-October were higher in the prairie (521 mm) than the shrub prairie site (461 mm). These results suggest that shrub invasion on Northern Great Plains grasslands does not reduce the potential of grasslands to sequester atmospheric CO2.
Interactive Effects of Drought and Grazing on Northern Great Plains Rangelands
Authors: Heitschmidt R. K. , Klement K. D. , Haferkamp M. R. ,   Society for Range Management
Published: June 2016

Drought is common in rangeland environments and an understanding of its impacts on the structure and function of rangeland ecosystems is paramount for developing effective management strategies. This research was the second of a series of studies investigating the impacts of varying seasonal droughts on northern Great Plains rangelands. Research was conducted on native rangeland during the 1998 through 2001 growing seasons. Study plots were twelve 5 3 10 m nonweighing lysimeters. An automated rainout shelter was used to establish drought conditions on 6 lysimeters during April, May, and June of 1998 and 1999. Single-day, flash grazing events were imposed at the beginning of May, June, and July. Grazing treatments were 1) graze during the 2 years of drought and the year after; 2) graze during the 2 years of drought and rest the year after; and 3) rest all years. Results showed that the intense spring drought reduced soil water content in the upper 30 cm of the soil profile and subsequently reduced total herbage production 20% to 40%; cool-season perennial grasses were the primary contributor to the reduction and cool-season annual grasses were secondary. Periodic grazing during drought had minimal impact on herbage production, whereas impacts on nondrought plots ranged from moderate enhancement to moderate suppression, with effects varying depending on functional group. Results also showed that substantial recovery occurred during the 1st postdrought year, with near full recovery realized within 2 years.