bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Instrumen Tes Kebugaran Jasmani Untuk Anak Usia 10-12 Tahun
Authors: Bayu Wahyu Indra , Waluyo Waluyo , Victorian Ahmad Richard , Al Ikhsan Al Ikhsan , Apriyanto Yoga
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan instrumen pengukuran kebugaran jasmani pada anak usia 10-12 tahun. Usia tersebut rata-rata anak yang sekolah pada tingkat dasar kelas 4-6. Jenis penelitian yaitu metode survei dengan teknik analisis data deskriptif persentase. Purposive accidental sampling digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Responden yang terlibat pada penelitian ini adalah 128 responden yang terdiri dari 19 responden adalah dosen dalam bidang keolahragaan dan 109 responden adalah guru PJOK tingkat SD. Hasil penelitian bahwa alat ukur untuk kebugaran jasmani yang berkaitan dengan Kesehatan yang dapat diterapkan pada sebagian besar sekolah dasar dengan memperhatikan kondisi sarana dan prasarana adalah weight, height, and body mass index (komposisi tubuh), 20-meter multi-stage shuttle run (daya tahan kardiorespirasi), sit-and-reach test (kelentukan), push-ups (daya tahan otot), dan maximal handgrip strength test (kekuatan otot).
Eine Orientierung zur Steuerung unternehmerischer Nachhaltigkeitsaktivitäten
Authors: Kentsch Fabian , Rybkina Katharina , Appel Simon-Alexander
Published: December 2021

Unternehmen aus allen Branchen durchleben aktuell schwere Zeiten. Kaum wurde die Digitalisierung unter enormen Bemühungen und Investitionen angestoßen, steigt der Druck auf Unternehmen nachhaltiger zu handeln. Die EU verschärft die Leitplanken und definiert ambitionierte Ziele zum Schutz der Umwelt. Zusätzlich lässt sich beobachten, wie sich die Spielregeln im internationalen Wettbewerb und auf den Kapitalmärkten zunehmend zugunsten nachhaltig wirtschaftender Unternehmen verschieben. Für Unternehmen stellt sich die Frage, was Nachhaltigkeit konkret für die unternehmerische Wertschöpfung bedeutet, wie man den Grad der Nachhaltigkeit messen kann, und wie diese Erkenntnisse auf einzelne Prozesse und Projekte in der Wertschöpfung zurückwirken können.
Turnaround-Management in agilen IT-Projekten
Authors: Brüggenkamp Jörg , Preuss Peter , Renk Tobias
Published: December 2021

Beim agilen Projektmanagement spielt die Konsensfindung selbstorganisierter Teams eine zentrale Rolle. Diese kann in Krisensituationen dazu führen, dass notwendige Entscheidungen verzögert werden. Um das zu vermeiden, ist es wichtig, im agilen IT-Projektumfeld die Signale möglicher Krisen frühzeitig zu erkennen und mit gutem Turnaround-Management gegenzusteuern.
Die Notfallapotheke des Projektmanagements
Authors: Köhler Jens
Published: December 2021

Die Kolumne „Ehrlich und Priesberg“ möchte mit unterhaltsamen Dialogen rund um das Thema „Mensch – Kommunikation, Verhalten, Entscheidungen“ Denkanstöße für den PM-Alltag geben.
Vernetzt bekommt die Hochvoltbatterie ein „zweites Leben“. Pilotprojekte bei Audi: Gebrauchte Batterien aus E-Autos für Stromspeicher
Authors: Steeger Oliver
Published: December 2021

Elektromobilität kommt deutschlandweit in Fahrt. 13,5 Prozent aller neu zugelassenen Fahrzeuge haben einen elektrischen Antrieb, wie das Kraftfahrtbundesamt für 2020 meldet. Insgesamt wurden im vergangenen Jahr 395.000 Neuwagen mit elektrischem Antrieb neu zugelassen. Schon bald werden Millionen Hochvoltbatterien, die in E-Autos verbaut sind, „grünen” Strom speichern. Dies führt zu Partnerschaften von Automobilindustrie und Energiewirtschaft. Ein Beispiel ist Audi. Der Konzern arbeitet mit der Energiewirtschaft beispielsweise an Projekten, gebrauchte Hochvoltbatterien aus E-Autos wiederzuverwenden. Nach ihrem „ersten Leben” im Auto werden sogenannte Second-Life-Batterien zu hunderten in stationären Großspeichern eingesetzt, wo Energie aus Windkraftwerken oder Solaranlagen zwischengespeichert wird. Erste Pilotprojekte etwa mit EnBW sind erfolgreich, wie Alexander Kupfer, zuständig für Kreislaufwirtschaft von Batterien bei Audi, im Interview erklärt.
New York - Selbstorganisation in der Projektarbeit stärken
Authors: Heidling Eckhard
Published: December 2021

Die „Faszination New Work“ steht für den kulturellen Wandel von Arbeit und die Entstehung neuer Arbeitsformen. In diesem Zusammenhang rückt die Frage nach Potenzialen und Grenzen von Selbstorganisation bei traditioneller und agiler Projektarbeit verstärkt ins Zentrum. Wenn es um die Zukunft der Arbeit geht, ist derzeit häufig die Rede von New Work. Bücher, Ratgeber, Aufsätze und Internetseiten beschreiben die „Faszination New Work“ in unterschiedlichen Gestaltungsfeldern. Häufig unklar bleiben Herkunft und aktuelle Bedeutung des Begriffs New Work. Erkennbar geht es um die Beschreibung neuer Arbeitsformen und den damit verbundenen Wandel in der Steuerung und Kultur von Arbeit. Als ein zentraler Trend bei New Work wird die zunehmende Selbstorganisation in der Arbeit gesehen, die von den Unternehmen gefordert und von den Beschäftigten gewünscht wird. Damit rückt die Frage nach den Potenzialen, Ansätzen und Grenzen von Selbstorganisation bei traditioneller und agiler Projektarbeit verstärkt in den Blick.
RECONSTRUCTION OF THE FEMALE UROGENITAL COMPLEX IN THE PRENATAL PERIOD OF ONTOGENESIS
Authors: Marchuk Oleh , Antonyuk Olga , Marchuk Yuliya , Andriychuk Denis , Marchuk Volodymyr
Published: December 2021

In 9-weeks prefetuses, urogenital complexes are located lower than in prefetuses of previous age groups. In the vertical sections of the urogenital cords, the paramesonephric ducts diﬀ erentiate into the uterine tubes. Above the entrance to the pelvis, the urogenital cords pass obliquely in the vertical direction, at the level of which the paramesonephric ducts are connected, on both sides of which the mesonephric ducts are located. The primary kidneys are completely reduced in their upper two-thirds, the reduction of mesonephric cells in the lateral areas of the lower third of the kidneys begins. The caudal divisions of the paramesonephric ducts touch dorsally to the wall of the urogenital sinus, while the lower ends of the mesonephric ducts are in the thickness of the wall. The urogenital cords (mesonephric and paramesonephric ducts) protrude above the upper ends of the primary kidneys and below the permanent kidneys. The mesonephric and paramesonephric ducts are clearly demarcated by a layer of loosely spaced mesenchymal cells.In 10-weeks prefetuses, due to the connection of the lower vertical parts of the paramesonephric ducts, a common uterine- vaginal canal is formed, lined with pseudolayered epithelium. Mesonephric ducts retain their lumen in fragments.In 11-weeks prefetuses, the upper vertical sections of the urogenital cords, in connection with the reduction of the mesonephric ducts, contain mainly paramesonephric ducts, which are separated from each other by a loose layer of the mesenchyme. From these sections of paramesonephric ducts uterine tubes are formed. Oblique (middle) sections of the paramesonephric ducts with further development are transformed into intrauterine parts of the uterine tubes. The lower caudal sections of the paramesonephric ducts are transformed into the uterus and the upper two-thirds of the vagina.In 12-weeks prefetuses, the primary kidneys are almost completely reduced. Only single mesonephric tubules within their caudal area are determined. In parallel, there are intense processes of formation of internal female reproductive organs. The cranial ends of the uterine tubes expand, acquiring a funnel- shaped shape. The outer border of the infundibulum of the tube reminds a zigzag line, which is evidence of the beginning of the formation of the ﬁ mbria of the uterine tube. The lumens of the mesonephric ducts are reduced to 6±0.1 μm, and in some parts of their walls are in contact with each other. Transformation of paramesonephric ducts into their derivatives (uterine tubes, uterus, upper part of the vagina) is accompanied by corresponding histological changes of their walls.
Peculiarities of socio-economic development of the Republic of Belarus in the first half of the 1990 s.
Authors: Valion Oksana
Published: December 2021

The paper analyzes the socio-economic policy of Belarus in the first half of the 1990s in the process of its transition to market economy, and highlights the peculiarities of the economic crisis in this period. The methodology of work is a set of scientific principles, general scientific and special historical methods, as well as interdisciplinary and comprehensive approaches to the historical discourse of socio-economic history of Belarus based on the integral use of sources. Scientific novelty. It is the first time this issue is considered in Ukrainian historiography. Conclusions. It is noted that Belarus had to go through a rather difficult path in the first half of the 1990 s. It was caused by the transformational processes associated with the collapse of the USSR, the country's transition from a command-and-control system to market economic conditions, and took place within a structural economic crisis that affected all spheres of economic life. The market reforms of 1992–1994 (liberalization of economic life, privatization, support of entrepreneurship, development of competition) contributed to the formation of basic market mechanisms and institutions, but the Belarusian economy has failed to adapt to transitional market realities. At the same time, it was in the late 1980 s and early 1990s that the historical preconditions were formed for the creation of the now commonly accepted Belarusian model of socio-economic development, which came into existence in the second half of the 1990 s.
Organizational staff formation and financing of the Department of Military Settlements in 1835–1857
Authors: Tsubenko Valeriia
Published: December 2021

The article examines the organizational staffing and financing of the Department of Military Settlements from 1835 to 1857 in a specific historical study. Research methods. An important aspect of the methodological basis is the use of general scientific methods as historical method and elements of the statistical method (coverage of staffing and funding of the Department of Military Settlements of the considered period); and special-historical method as problem-chronological (consideration of the dynamics of events in chronological order analysing the formation of the Department of Military Settlements and its development). The scientific novelty of the work is that the article, for the first time and on the basis of legislative acts comprehensively examines the historical experience of the Department of Military Settlements of the Ministry of War which was one of the important administrative structures during 1835-1857 in the Russian Empire. It has been found that the organization of the Department of Military Settlements was divided into two periods: 1) 1835–1843 and 2) 1843–1857. Conclusions. The establishment of the Department of Military Settlements of the Cavalry during the reign of Emperors Mykola I and Alexander II in the structure of the Ministry of War was a natural requirement of the time, due to the need of increasing efficiency and mobility of management of the cavalry military settlements. The analysis of the organizational structure of the staff list of the Department of Military Settlements shows that since 1843 the powers and responsibilities of the staff have been expanded, management structures have been modernized, and funding has been increased. The activities of the Department of Military Settlements had a systemic and structural structure of all management levels; the division of functions and responsibilities was clearly regulated by law.
The rite of Malanka is its origin, mutual influences and modernity
Authors: Moysey Antoniy
Published: December 2021

The article considers the area of distribution of the Malanka rite on the territory of Ukraine, Romania and the Republic of Moldova, focuses on its existence in Bukovina. The essence and results of research are to determine the original sources of origin. A comparative analysis of its existence in neighboring nations: Ukrainians, Romanians and Moldovans, fix common and distinctive features, mutual borrowings in past and nowadays. The purpose of this investigation is to clarify the main parameters of the changes made today in the rite on the example of the village of Krasnoilsk in Bukovina. The methodology is based on the analysis of source materials and own field of research. The method of comparative analysis helps in comparing the rite Malanka of Ukrainians and Romanians in Bukovina, and the methods of analysis and synthesis provide researcher in determining the parameters of changes in the elements of Malanka. Scientific novelty. For the first time is made a comparison with the current state of existence of the rite Malanka. Conclusions. The existence of the Malanka rite in the Bukovynian ethnographic zone is only a part of the huge area of its distribution, which is a marginal space in the zone of ethnocultural contacts and the interethnic border of Ukrainians and Eastern Romans. Conservation of the rite was facilitated by remoteness and isolation from the main area of their ethnic group. And today the evolution of this ancient ritual action takes place under great pressure of modern social processes. In the rite of “pereberiya” that accompanies Malanka as an organic element, dominates modern reality figures and historical characters as well.
Thyroid gland – historical essay
Authors: Savchuk Tatiana
Published: December 2021

Formulation of the problem. The first imagest hyroid gland can be found in ancient Egyptian and ancient Chinese sculptures date back 2700 years to oursera. Historiographical base. The thyroid gland was known already the authors of antiquity and the Middle Ages, although they described goiter and cretinism, but have not yet linked these diseases to the disorder gland function. The purpose of the study - to analyze the historical milestones in the formation of thyroidology. Main part. As early as 1600 year BC were among the first, Chinese doctors in treatment of enlarged thyroid gland steel use seafood and seaweed, but they do not knew that the therapeutic effect arises from iodine. Large scientist Gallen believed that the thyroid gland is a kind"Buffer" between the heart and the brain. In the 19th century it became actively develop thyroid surgery, with the main problem of surgeons remained high mortality. In 1881, Billroth was one of the first in Europe to report 48 successful thyroid surgeries. Upon receipt artificial thyroxine in the treatment of hypothyroidism (insufficiency thyroid hormones) a new era began. Another half of the 20th century was marked by active research causes of autoimmune diseases such as diffuse toxic goiter, autoimmune thyroiditis. Detected antibodies to thyroperoxidase, antibodies to thyroglobulin, antibodies to TSH receptors. Conclusion. Definitely the future of development knowledge in the field of thyroid gland according to research in the field genetics of diseases, creation of new drugs and methods diagnosis of autoimmune diseases of the thyroid gland.
Еducational potential of musical folklore in the process of teaching the history of Ukraine in the middle classes of secondary school
Authors: Furdychko Andrii
Published: December 2021

Educational potential of musical folklorein the teaching process of study subject History of Ukraine in the middle grades of secondary school has been highlighted in given article. The article offers special examples of the musical folklore use for didactic and educational purposes. Based on the analysis of the available Ukrainian folk song material, the author proves the need including folklore to the practice of teaching the history of Ukraine in the middle grades of secondary school. It was made also an analysis of the educational potential of Ukrainian musical folklore in the same spheres. In the era of globalization, which "wash away" traditional ethnic values, we consider the formulation of such an issue in terms of education relevant. The purpose of this study is to provide certain guidelines for history teachers on the use of musical folklore in the teaching process in history lessons in grades 5‑9 of high school. The methodology of the proposed article is based on the analysis, synthesis and specific development of methodological and general didactic guidelines for involving musical folklore in the history of Ukraine subject study plan. Conclusions. The proposed recommendations for the use of musical ethnography material in history lessons will enrich the sources of teachers' methodology and allow students to understand the connection between oral folklore and national history. The history of our people will be filled with real human emotions that have accompanied them for centuries and created the genetic code of the nation on which is based the understanding of national development.
Pharmaco-economic features of hospital treatment of acute community-acquired pneumonia in children
Authors: Nechytailo Y. , Popelyuk N. , Dolzhenko O.
Published: December 2021

The goal. Тo analyze the features of treatment and medical expenses in children hospitalized for acute community-acquired pneumonia. Materials and methods. The study analyzed medical records and examined 51 children aged 2 to 17 months hospitalized for pneumonia. In patients studied clinical symptoms, severity, structure and duration of basic treatment measures, their cost. Results. The duration of inpatient treatment was 13.3±0.62 days with subsequent outpatient treatment and rehabilitation. Antibiotics, antipyretics, antihistamines, mucolytics and corticosteroid hormones were used in the treatment. The total cost of treatment for one case averaged 2346.9±145.7 hryvnias. The most expensive were the costs of antibiotics, and the cheapest - the antipyretics. Given the community-acquired nature of the process, the initial use of third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins was irrational and significantly increased the cost of treatment. Conclusions. The introduction of a new model of medicine focuses on the optimization of treatment tactics and the rational choice of antibiotics for acute community-acquired pneumonia. In antibacterial therapy is still inadequate, from a clinical and economic point of view, the choice of drugs. In the treatment of this disease, the role of pathogenetic therapy to restore the processes of mucociliary clearance and prevention of dysbiosis on the background of the use of antibiotics has increased.
Prevention of pregnancy complications and delivery at low placentation
Authors: Pecheriaha S. , Marynchyna I.
Published: December 2021

Objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed method of preventing pregnancy complications with low placentation from early gestation.Material and methods. We have examined 119 pregnant women with low placentation. This diagnosis was made at 6-7 weeks of gestation on the basis of echographic research. The main group consisted of 64 pregnant women with low chorionic location who underwent prevention from pregnancy complications in early gestation by the complex of medicines developed by us and a control group -55 women with low placentation who had not undergone complications prophylaxis from early gestational periods. The prophylactic complex included Luteina, ginkgo biloba extract, folio and biolectra. To assess the effectiveness of the therapy in the study groups, we analyzed the course of pregnancy in early and late gestation, as well as complications of pregnancy and delivery.Results. The frequency of pregnancy pathologies in the main group, where the prevention of pregnancy complications from early gestation with low placentation, was significantly lower than in the control group. According to the study, the risk of abortion with bleeding and without bleeding in the first and second trimesters significantly decreased in the main group of pregnant women (p<0.05). In the third trimester of gestation in the group where the prevention of pregnancy complications was significantly reduced, the incidence of preterm birth, premature detachment of the low-lying placenta, fetoplacental dysfunction, fetal developmental delay syndrome and fetal distress during pregnancy (p<0.05). Also, in the main group there was a lower percentage of premature births and births that ended by cesarean section.Conclusions. 1. The place of attachment of the placenta in the uterine cavity is closely related to its function, the development of placental dysfunction, pregnancy and delivery. 2. Studies have shown the effectiveness of our proposed comprehensive drug prevention of complications of pregnancy with low placentation, which in turn has led to improved pregnancy and delivery and has become an effective means of preventing placental dysfunction.
Disorders of lipid metabolism and lipid transport system in women with unstable angina in the dependence on smoking: pathogenetic connections and development risks
Authors: Solomenchuk T. , Bedzai A.
Published: December 2021

The aim of the study. To study the effect of smoking on lipid metabolism, lipid transport system and systemic inflammation, to find out their correlations and the risks of unstable angina in women, depending on the habit of smoking.Material and methods. 225 women were examined: 150 women - patients with unstable angina and 75 healthy women. The level of total cholesterol, low and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoproteins A1 (ApoA1) and B (ApoB), C-reactive protein, fibrinogen were determined in all subjects. Multifactor correlation-regression analysis was performed using Fisher's test. Statistical processing of the results was performed using the applications "Microsoft Office Excel 2016" and "Statistics ver. 10.Results. The relative risk of developing unstable angina in patients with a smoking habit is most often associated with atherogenic dyslipidemia (total cholesterol > 4 mmol, OR = 12.02, SI = 8.12-16.32; low-density lipoprotein cholesterol > 1.8 mmol / l, OR = 9,32, SI = 6,13-12,56, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol <1,2 mmol / l, OR = 3,91, SI = 2,12-5,45, the ratio of apolipoproteins ApoV / ApoA1> 0.85, OR = 2.69, SI = 1.15-4.21) and the highest activity of systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein >3 mg / l, OR = 3.62, SI = 2.15- 4.56). The risk of developing unstable angina associated with these indicators is 1.5-2 times higher in women with a smoking habit than in women who have never smoked. Significant direct correlations of high and medium strength between the severity of systemic inflammation, disorders of the lipid transport system (increase in the ratio of ApoB / ApoA1 and decrease in the level of ApoA1), in patients with unstable angina in women smokers.Conclusions. Smoking is one of the most aggressive factors of unstable angina in women, which contributes to the emergence and progression of other important risk factors and leads to disorders of lipid metabolism, lipid transport system, systemic inflammation and increased chances of unstable angina.
Family medicine department – twenty years old
Authors: Sydorchuk L. , Biletskyi S. , Kazantseva T. , Petrynych O. , Ivashchuk S. , Melnychuk L. , Nikyfor L. , Sokolenko A. , Yarynych Y. , Semianiv M. , Repchuk Y. , Voroniuk K.
Published: December 2021

The organization of the work of the Department of Family Medicine of Bukovinian State Medical University for 20 years of its existence, its personnel potential, the specific characteristics of the educational and treatment process, its scientific achievements have been expounded.
Endotelial dysfunction in condition of neoplastic intoxication
Authors: Bodna P. , Bodnar Ya. , Bodnar T. , Soroka Yu. , Bodnar L.
Published: December 2021

In patients with cancer, the risk of pulmonary embolism increases 4-7 times compared to other patients of the same age and similar concomitant diseases. The greatest risk exists after surgery and during chemotherapy. An increase in the risk of thrombosis in cancer patients is a multifactorial complex phenomenon, the causes of which are an increase in the number of platelets, changes in the rheological properties of blood, as well as reactive structural changes in the vascular wall, valves and endotheliocytes. The latter factor of pathogenesis is insufficiently studied and is not used to assess the risks of thrombosis and prevent thrombosis in cancer patients. However, this topic is promising in the search for opportunities to study the pathogenesis of pulmonary embolism, and, accordingly, to assess the risks in different groups of patients and methods of prevention and options for clinical tactics in cases of venous thrombosis.Objective. To find out the dynamics of the concentration of lipid peroxidation products, in particular the activity of phospholipase and catalase in experimental neoplastic intoxication. Material and methods. For the experiment, 12 sexually mature nonlinear male rats with a body weight of 170-180 g were selected. by injecting 7.2 mg/kg into the rat interscapular area at the rate of 0.1 ml of dimethylhydrazine hydrochloride (DMG) solution 1.2 – DMG (SIGMA-ALDRICH CHEMIE, Japan, D161802 series), previously diluted with isotonic sodium chloride solution per 10 grams of rat body weight, a tumor was modeled intoxication. On day 30 of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed, and the material of the venous wall of the lower extremities was studied for the morphological structure of the vascular wall.Results and Discussion. Morphological examination of the drug revealed platelet thinning, desquamation and microscopic reorganization of endotheliocytes, focal loss of endothelial layer integrity, and wavy thickening of the intima. This complex of phenomena can be the basis of the pathogenesis of thrombosis in combination with a violation of hemodynamics and rheological properties of blood. On day 30 of the experiment, a morphological study of the drug was performed on the venous wall of rats.Conclusions. Changes that were detected after modeling chronic tumor intoxication include endothelium changes in the form of desquamation and reorganization, violation of the integrity of the endothelial layer, wavy thickening of the intima, fibrotic changes in all the membranes of the vessel.
Peculiarities of damages of drivers and passengers in cars of class D in a side impact
Authors: Zozulya V.
Published: December 2021

Aim of the study - to establish features of damage of the driver and the passenger in salon of the car of a class D at side collision. Material and methods. Cases of road accidents were analyzed from 2008 to 2021 in Zhytomyr, Rivne, Volyn regions of Ukraine. Side impact (right and left) with the fatal outcome of the driver and front passenger of class D cars were considered in the case of an automobile injury. We used general scientific and special methods, namely system-structural analysis, observation, comparison, description. Additionally, a forensic examination of the damage was carried out. Statistical analysis included primary data processing using descriptive statistics and testing the null hypothesis by multivariate analysis.Results. We identified characteristics of damage to the driver and passenger in a side impact. They were different and characterized by dependence on the right or left side of the collision.Conclusions. The resulting set of injuries witch characterize a driver or passenger of class D cars in left and right impact can be used to identify them in a forensic medical examination.
Risk factors of deforming osteoarthritis in the family doctor practice
Authors: Lehkun A. , Sydorchuk L. , Zaremska A.
Published: December 2021

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common bone and joint pathology, affecting, according to the American College of Rheumatology ACR (2019), about 302 million people worldwide and is the leading cause of disability in the elderly.Objective. To investigate the role of additional risk factors in patients with OA in the practice of family physicians for secondary prevention.Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of 50 outpatient records and electronic medical records (EMC) of patients with OA for 2019-2020 was performed: 30 women, 20 men; aged 35-75 years. Concomitant risk factors were studied by epidemiological analysis: obesity / overweight, burdensome family history, traumatic factor, occupational exposure.Results. The respiratory and circulatory systems diseases dominate in the structure of the primary morbidity of the Northern Bukovina inhabitants in 2020. The incidence of bone and joint is 4.04% in the general structure, which does not differ significantly from the European average. The structure of the primary morbidity of the bone and joint sphere is dominated by arthrosis and deforming OA (DOA). The injuries and occupational factors dominated in structure of DOA risk factors at the age under 50, but after 50 years – obesity and burdened heredity prevailed, with a significant impact of the occupational factor. Absence of injuries in the anamnesis and occupational factors reduce the risk of DOA 8 and 3.5 times, respectively (p<0.05). Age over 60 years increases the relative risk of DOA 2.5 times as much (p=0.013), especially in women to almost 4 times.Conclusions. Additional risk factors should be considered in patients with DOA for secondary prevention.
People with Disabilities as Motivational Objects in the Kick Andy Talkshow Program: The Social Construction Approach of Reality Theory
Authors: Halim Rizki
Published: December 2021

Most of the disability issues have not yet received proper representation in the media, even though quite a few people with disabilities in Indonesia. The depiction of persons with disabilities in the media often distorts them. Often people with disabilities with physical limitations are depicted incorrectly or even irrationally. The Social Construction of Reality (SCR) theory, introduced by Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann, uses to analyze whether the Kick Andy television program supports the stigma of the disabled or can be a medium that changes the stigma that exists as constructs for the disabled-related community. Television viewers have a rationalistic cycle through three moments: externalization, objectivation, and internalization. This theory focuses on general meanings and constructions built by community groups to shape social order (rules, standards, values, and activities recognized in community groups). The study results show that guest stars with disabilities on the Kick Andy television program cannot separate from the social construction that has been formed in the community regarding their condition. The Kick Andy program also clarifies the social construction experienced by its guest stars, which uses as an object of motivation for the audience. The researcher found that the Kick Andy show, intentionally or unintentionally, still gave a lousy label to people with disabilities, even though the host then used the narration built as a background for inspiration.
Old Age Adult Education Systems and Refreshment University
Authors: OKUR Muhammet Recep , OKTAY Özlem
Published: December 2021

Purpose: This research aims to determine the place of the "Refreshment University" in the systems of older age education in the world by examining the purposes, basic features, admission conditions, activities, and ways of providing funding for the systems for older age education in the world.Design/Methodology/Approach: Since the researcher will develop an objective attitude by looking at the facts from the outside with a deductive approach, the research has been designed with a cross-sectional descriptive design, one of the survey models, with a quantitative research approach. The study population was determined by grouping them as French model, English model, and hybrid models, and ten universities were determined to be examined through purposive sampling. One of these universities represents the French model, one represents the English model, and the other eight universities represent the Hybrid models. The investigated features of these ten older adult education systems were also carried out for Refreshment University. In collecting data, the websites of the older adult universities in the sample were examined and the catalogs, reports, plans, periodic written sources, magazines, books, films, photographs, and videos (documents) accessed from the websites were used. The data analysis was carried out by presenting the tables created in line with the questions determined to achieve the purpose.Findings: Old age adult university systems in the research sample were analyzed in terms of their objectives, main characteristics, student admission conditions, educational areas and activities, and sources of funding. The research has concluded that although the "Refreshment University" is similar to the French model, it is a proper candidate to create a hybrid model. It should be noted that this could change, given that “Refreshment University” is more recent and developing.Highlights: The primary purpose of the systems for older age adult education is to ensure healthy and quality aging as well as active aging in line with the philosophy of lifelong learning.
Analisis Keterlambatan Perkembangan Sosial Emosional Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun Ditinjau Dari Pola Asuh Orangtua Di TK Swasta Antonius 2
Authors: Krismaya Ega , Simaremare Aman
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keterlambatan perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia dini umur 5-6 Tahun ditinjau dari pola asuh orangtua di TK Swasta Santo Antonius 2 Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif yaitu untuk menggali informasi dan memberi gambaran tentang keterlambatan perkembangan sosial emosional anak ditinjau dari pola asuh orangtua. Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua anak kelas B2 di TK Swasta Antonius 2 yang berjumlah 15 orang anak. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi digunakan untuk melihat keterlambatan perkembangan sosial emosional anak dan angket digunakan untuk melihat pola asuh orangtua. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tipe pola asuh orangtua yang dapat menyebabkan anak mengalami keterlambatan perkembangan sosial emosional anak adalah tipe pola asuh otoriter dan permisif. Sedangkan tipe pola asuh orangtua demokrasi dapat mengembangkan aspek perkembangan sosial emosional anak dengan baik.
Analisis Kemampuan Dasar Mahasiswa Menggunakan Metode Demonstrasi Pada Mata Kuliah Metodologi Pembelajaran Matematika Untuk Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Eza Gita Noveri
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan di Program Studi PG-PAUD pada mahasiswa semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2016/2017. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran mengenai kemampuan dasar mahasiswa Program Studi PG-PAUD dalam menggunakan metode demonstrasi pada Mata Kuliah Metodologi Pembelajaran Matematika untuk Anak Usia Dini. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan subjek penelitian adalah seluruh mahasiswa PG-PAUD yang mengambil Mata Kuliah Metodologi Pembelajaran Matematika untuk Anak Usia Dini. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data kemudian diolah dengan statistik deskriptif untuk mendapatkan hasil berupa persentase. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan salah satu acuan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan mahasiswa menggunakan metode demonstrasi pada pembelajaran matematika anak usia dini. Hasil yang diperoleh berdasarkan observasi mahasiswa adalah 77% untuk persiapan dan dikategorikan baik, pelaksanaan 64% dikategorikan cukup, dan evaluasi 69% dengan kategori baik. Secara keseluruhan kemampuan mahasiswa melakukan metode demonstrasi adalah 70% dan dikategorikan baik. Secara umum mahasiswa sudah mampu melaksanakan metode demonstrasi di kelas sesuai dengan langkah yang telah ditetapkan.Kata kunci: anak usia dini, metode demonstrasi, pembelajaran matematika.
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Sikap Mahasiswa PG-PAUD FIP Unimed dalam Pembelajaran Daring
Authors: Sinaga Roni
Published: December 2021

Penilaian sikap dalam pembelajaran daring akibat dampak dari munculnya virus corona menghadirkan tantangan kepada dosen di lingkungan PG-PAUD Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan UNIMED, dimana instrumen tersebut belum ada, maka pengembangan diperlukan untuk menciptakan instrumen penilaian sikap mahasiswa dalam menjalankan pembelajaran daring. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan instrumen penilaian sikap mahasiswa PG-PAUD Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan UNIMED dalam pembelajaran daring, pengembangan instrumen dilakukan dengan metode penelitian yang dikembangkan Borg & Gall dengan tahapan (1) Research and information collecting, (2) Planning, (3) Develop preliminary form of  product, (4) Preliminary field testing, (5) Main product revision, (6) Main field testing, (7) Operational product revision, (8) Operational field testing, (9) Final product revision, (10) Dissemination and implementation. pengembangan instrumen dilakukan berdasakan SNPT yang tertuang dalam Permenristekdikti no 44 tahun 2015, serta mempedomani panduan penyusunan kurikulum Pendidikan tinggi di era industri 4.0. subjek yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari ahli materi dan dosen PG-PAUD. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan wawancara, instrumen skala penilaian dan daftar ceklis. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Produk akhir yang diperoleh setelah melalui keseluruhan tahap dalam metode penelitian sudah layak digunakan dengan kriteria baik, dimana Hasil uji coba pada kelompok kecil diperoleh nilai rata-rata 4,20 (baik) dan kelompok besar dengan nilai rata-rata 4,4 (baik). produk akhir berupa instrumen penilaian sikap di unggah kedalam google form yang dapat dengan mudah diakses dan diimplementasikan pada pembelajaran daring.
Evaluasi Pemenuhan Standar Minimal Sarana Dan Prasarana Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Anggraini Elya Siska , Batubara Lukeysia
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk evaluasi pemenuhan standar minimal sarana dan prasarana di lembaga PAUD. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Model evaluasi yang digunakan adalah model evaluasi ketimpangan (the discrepancy evaluation model). Pemilihan subyek menggunakan purposive sampling, dilanjutkan dengan Snow Ball Sampling. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Dengan alat permainan edukatif dapat mencerdaskan anak, namun dengan memperhatikan mana alat yang mengandung nilai edukatif tinggi, dan mana alat permainan yang kurang efektif bagi perkembangan anak-anak. Jika dalam proses evaluasi ini di temukan beberapa jenis permainan yang kurang bermanfaat dalam perkembangan potensi anak, sebaiknya alat permainan tersebut di ganti dengan alat permainan edukatif yang lain.
Analisis Kemampuan Berbicara Melalui Metode Bercakap-Cakap Usia 5-6 Tahun di TK Happy Holy Kids Setia Budi Medan T.A 2020/2021
Authors: Sinaga Putri Bheby Rahayu , Kamtini Kamtini
Published: December 2021

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah kemampuan berbicara anak yang kurang berkembang dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Kemampuan Berbicara Anak Melalui Metode Bercakap-cakap Usia 5-6 Tahun Di TK Happy Holy Kids Setia Budi Medan T. A 2020/ 2021. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan kelas kelompok B, yaitu kelas TK B1. Subjek penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah 7 orang dari TK kelompok B usia 5-6 tahun di kelas TK B1 TK Happy Holy Kids Setia Budi Medan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode bercakap-cakap dapat mengembangkan kemampuan berbicara anak karena metode bercakap-cakap memiliki banyak manfaat yaitu meningkatkan keberanian anak untuk berpendapat, menjalin hubungan sosialyang menyenangkan, selain itu menambah informasi dan wawasan. Oleh karena itu metode bercakap-cakap dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu pembelajaran yang tepat untuk anak usia dini terutama untuk mengembangkan kemampuan anak dalam berbicara.
Children as decision makers: the Hayman Park community project in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Chumpunuch Pornchanuch , Hinepo Williams Margaret
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Our study explores the efficacy of community consultation in redesigning the Hayman Park playground from a community perspective. Hayman Park is located in Manukau City centre in the south of New Zealand’s capital city, Auckland. It has a mixed community of Pasifika, Māori and other ethnic groups with a younger demographic than the average.

Methods: We used a qualitative approach to examine participants’ perceptions. Of the 27 adults (N = 27) who participated, three (n = 3) were available for one-on-one, face-to-face interviews post project. Two transcripts recorded during focus group activities involving 27 children (N = 27) were also analysed. We found that six (n = 6) children expressed opinions during their involvement. Their views, alongside those of adults, were parsed into emergent categories and themes.

Results and Discussion: We identified three themes: health and well-being; community and individual needs; and the effectiveness of community partnership. Responses from both adults and children indicated that participants felt they had achieved better health and well-being. Feedback showed significant gains in knowledge and awareness. However, participants wanted a deeper relationship with project leaders.

Conclusion: We conclude that the Hayman Park project is a good example of how involving local communities in designing the spaces they live in can engender positive outcomes. However, the project did not fulfil participants’ desire for more meaningful engagement with the leading stakeholders.
Covid-19 and the issue of gender equality
Authors: Markulynets А. А , Продан V.I.
Published: December 2021

It is now clear that the COVID-19 pandemic is not only a global health emergency, but is also leading to a severe downturn in the global economy. In this study, we analyze how this economic downturn will affect women and men differently, and what the main long-term consequences for gender equality may be.

 This study begins by providing evidence that the effects of the current crisis on women and men are likely to be very different from those of other economic downturns. In recent recessions, such as the economic crisis of 2008, job losses for men have been much higher than for women. One reason was that relatively more men work in industries that are strongly affected by the “standard” downturn (such as manufacturing and construction), while women's employment is concentrated in less cyclical sectors such as health and education. In contrast, the current crisis is having a major impact on high-employment services, such as restaurants and hospitality.

 During the pandemic, most countries around the world decided to close schools and kindergartens. This has dramatically increased the need for child care. In addition, childcare provided by grandparents is currently not recommended due to higher mortality rates among the elderly, and due to social distancing measures, sharing childcare with neighbors and friends is also very limited.

Thus, most families have no choice but to take care of their children on their own. Due to the existing division of responsibilities for child care in most families, mothers suffer more than parents. Single mothers, many of whom are both in Ukraine and abroad, and who often find themselves in a difficult economic situation, are hit hardest.
Risk in professional sports: issues and ways to solve it in the constitutional and legal field
Authors: Turyanitsya О. О.
Published: December 2021

Professional sports activities are always closely associated with numerous risks (risk of injury or even death of the athlete, the risk of using illicit drugs - doping, aleatory (risky) activities - bookmakers, sweepstakes, etc.). It is a direct violation of the Constitution of Ukraine, which proclaims the inalienable right of every person to life (Article 27) and recognizes it as the highest social value (Part 1, Article 3).

Constitutional law, as the basic law, regulates social relations in all spheres of society. Accuracy, understanding, logic, consistency of legal norms - the main principles of constitutional rule-making, which not only prevent violations of rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of individuals and citizens, but also require careful study and detailed discussion of all bills in scientific and professional environment. Instead, in jurisprudence, the risk is one of the least studied legal categories, which does not take into account the realities of today and does not meet the requirements of modern society.

The purpose of the article is to review and constitutional and legal analysis of the problem of risk in professional sports.

The concept of risk in law is studied. The concept of "sports risk" as a kind of social risk is analyzed; its features are clarified, the subject, object and subject are specified. The classification of sports risks is considered. Particular attention is paid to the use of doping as one of the most common risk factors in the field of professional sports today.

The need to immediately resolve the problem of risks on the level of the newly adopted Law of Ukraine "On Professional Sports" was emphasized. The expediency of establishing criminal liability for doping and any actions related to it (storage, manufacture, sale, transportation, etc.) is substantiated. Only in this case, the problem of risks in professional sports in general, and doping in particular, can be successfully solved.
Social commissioning in the sphere of social services provision
Authors: Buk M.O.
Published: December 2021

This article is dedicated to the analysis of the essential hallmarks of social services procurement. The attention is focused on the absence of the unity of the scientists’ thoughts as for the definition of the term “social procurement”. It has been determined that in the foreign scientific literature the scientists to denote the term “social procurement” use the notions “social contracting”, “social order” and “social commissioning”, and they use these notions with slightly different meanings. Therefore, the notion “social procurement” is defined as: 1) activity of a country; 2) form of the state support; 3) complex of measures; 4) legal mechanism. The article has grounded the expediency of the definition of social procurement in the legal relations of social care as a special legal way to influence the behavior of the parties of the social care legal relations.

The publication advocates the idea that social procurement is one of the conditions for the rise of the state and private sectors partnership. The state-private partnership in the legal relations regarding the provision of social services is proposed to be defined as cooperation between Ukraine, AR of Crimea, territorial communities represented by the competent state bodies, self-government bodies (authorized bodies in the sphere of social services provision) and legal entities, but for the state and municipal enterprises and establishments, and organizations (providers of social services) regarding the provision of social services, which is carried out on the basis of an agreement and under the procedure set by the Law of Ukraine “On Social Services” and other legal acts that regulate the social care legal relations.

The article substantiates the thesis that the subject of the social procurement is social services and resolution of social issues of the state/regional/local levels in the aspect of the satisfaction of the needs of people/families for social services (state/regional/local programs of social services).

It has been determined that the main forms of realization of the social procurement in the social care legal relations are public procurements of social services and financing of the state/regional/local programs of social services. The public procurement of social services is carried out under the procedure set by the Law of Ukraine “On  Public Procurement” taking into account the special features determined by the Law of Ukraine “On Social Services”. The social procurement in the form of financing of the state/regional/local programs of social services is decided upon the results of the tender announced by a client according to the plan for realization of the corresponding target program.