bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of different surface preparations on bonding properties of aluminium alloy EN AW-5754
Authors: Zdravković Nataša , Klobčar Damjan , Milčić Dragan , Milčić Miodrag , Pavlović Vukašin , Đurić Aleksija
Published: October 2024

Adhesive bonding is a well-established technique for joining materials. This article deals with the challenges of bonding metals, such as aluminium alloy EN AW-5754. To improve the strength of bonded joints, suitable surface preparation prior to bonding is essential. In this work, the surface of the aluminium alloy using three different epoxy adhesives was subjected to two different methods of surface preparation, such as laser cleaning and sanding by hand with sandpaper. The adhesion properties of the bonded surface were determined by measuring the surface roughness parameters (Ra and Rz) for different surface preparations as well as the mechanical property (tensile lap-shear strength). It was found that the bond strength of the aluminium alloy changed depending on the surface preparation and adhesive used, indicating that using the same adhesive and material with different preparation methods can lead to significant variations in bond strength. Therefore, choosing an appropriate surface preparation method that is suitable for the parts to be bonded and their surface roughness is crucial as it increases the strength of the bonded joints.
Enhanced method for measuring material resistance to burning napalm mixture
Authors: Marković Tatjana , Ilić Marina , Senić Željko , Bauk Sonja , Miletić Miljan
Published: October 2024

This paper introduces an advanced method for evaluating the resistance of materials to the effects of a burning napalm mixture. This enhanced method integrates more accurate and rapid temperature measurement and control of experimental conditions, advanced thermo graphic and quantitative analysis. The study involves a comparative analysis of thermal resistance results for various protective materials obtained using the new method. The enhanced measurement approach demonstrates significant improvements in data accuracy and processing speed, offering valuable insights into material performance under extreme thermal stress. This advancement is crucial for developing and accessing materials designed for high-temperature resistance applications.
Comparative analysis of information security standards application in different IT sector regions
Authors: Ranitović Predrag , Mitić Siniša
Published: October 2024

The characteristics of the IT sector are, among other things, its global dissemination, as well as the interoperability of the Internet business models. These characteristics assume equality, uniformity of the following business concepts: work organization, business models, work technologies, work processes, communication and access processes, and human resource management. The IT sector, as a basic element of the information society, should be generally available and equally developed all over the world, as much as in highly developed rich societies as in developing countries, and also in underdeveloped countries of the world. Although the rate of growth and market expansion is a global phenomenon, what separates developed and undeveloped markets is the quality of the work done. One of the leading factors for achieving services/products of better quality is the respect of certain norms. Looking at the European Union (EU) region as a reference market with great IT potential, the prerequisite for joining the EU IT market is to meet the norms established in the EU. The growing IT market of Serbia requires harmonization with the EU IT sector, through the application of certain ISO standards, with the aim of free spreading beyond the borders of Serbia, primarily towards the EU market. The paper analyzes the process of harmonization of the IT sector of Serbia with the IT sector of the EU from the current implementation of the ISO standard perspective
Reliability, sustainability, resiliency, and performance investigation of an embedded splice-sleeve connector at high velocity semi-trailer impact
Authors: Roy Suman
Published: October 2024

Presently, dynamic impacts occurrences caused by car crashes have been frequently reported. Statistical results from different articles indicate that vehicle crashworthiness of bridge pier supersedes the other events. However, majority of the published articles focusses on sustainability and finding severity of distressed pier due to impact correlating faster construction methods, like accelerated bridge construction (ABC). This article is an attempt to examine post impacted behavior of a commonly used connector in ABC for resisting short duration shock. Static and dynamic performance analyses of a connector embedded within a coupler system has been examined. A representative ABC pier with the standardized and selected material properties collected from manufacturer’s data has been utilized. Coupler composite materials consisting of a hollow uniform cross-section cast iron cylinder filled up with specified concrete grout conforms higher strength. The performance examination has been conducted by numerical modeling using finite element method (FEM). A commercially used software ANSYS has been utilized for carrying out the simulations. To investigate the post impact dynamic behavior, mesh-independent studies seems inevitable and hence are executed to evaluate dynamic impact factor (DIF). Sensitivity studies are carried out for validating results in precision. The DIF of the main reinforcing tensile steel embedded into the grout placed inside the connector has been determined. Results captured from simulations to identify material properties at plastic stage in sustaining such load have been conducted. The results provide significant information that aids opting for selecting suitable connectors for attaining help the design offices.
DEVELOPMENT OF A SEAWEED DRYER USING ARDUINO UNO EQUIPPED WITH AN OLED LCD
Authors: Dewi Sarah , Sidik Sidin Udin , Tjandi Yunus , Massikki Massikki , Muis Mappalotteng Abdul
Published: October 2024

This research aims to develop a seaweed dryer using an Arduino Uno equipped with an Oled LCD and to help farmers dry seaweed during the rainy season so that the seaweed is not damaged.This research method uses research and development (R&D) with a prototype development model. The data collection technique used was a questionnaire. The subjects in this research were seaweed farmers in Palajau Village, Arungkeke District, Jeneponto Regency. This research produces a seaweed dryer using an Arduino Uno equipped with an Oled LCD. The result of this research is a prototype seaweed dryer that uses a temperature sensor to detect temperature and humidity, a heater to dry seaweed, a fan to distribute heat in the drying room and an Oled LCD to display temperature and humidity. In terms of Functionality and Usability, the results of the functionality feasibility percentage were 100% and as many as 10 respondents or 100% assessed that the tool developed based on the Usability context was at 100% in the very good category. Based on the results of testing seaweed using this dryer, the drying time for seaweed is 4-5 hours until the seaweed is dry with a capacity of 4 Kg for drying seaweed once.
Teachers’ Knowledge, Behavior, Attitude and Practices on Pillars of Financial Literacy Across Opol East District
Authors: Variacion Elmay Joy Y. , Pontillas Pepa V. , Comon Jovit D.
Published: October 2024

The study examines the financial literacy of teachers in the Opol East District, focusing on their knowledge, behavior, attitude, and practices related to financial management. The research involved 262 respondents, using an adapted questionnaire and universal sampling technique. The study aimed to assess the respondents' level of financial literacy across key pillars like spending, earning, saving, budgeting, donating, investing, and protecting. It also sought to identify significant relationships between their knowledge, behavior, and practices, and to explore differences based on demographic factors such as age and civil status. The findings revealed that the respondents generally possess a very high level of financial knowledge, behavior, attitude, and practices. There was a significant relationship between the respondents' knowledge, behavior, and attitude, and their financial practices. However, differences in knowledge were observed based on age and civil status, while behavior and attitude showed no significant differences when grouped by these factors. The study recommends that teachers pursue advanced degrees and certifications to enhance their career prospects and remain competitive in the evolving educational landscape. These qualifications can help them improve their financial literacy and, in turn, their financial stability and career advancement.
Delivery Performance of the Administrative Services as Perceived by School Heads and Teachers of El Salvador City Division
Authors: Baculio Shena Marie M. , Taganas Wilma R. , Comon Jovit D.
Published: October 2024

This study evaluated the administrative services in the El Salvador City Division Office for the 2021-2022 school year, focusing on personnel, cash, records, and supply and asset management. The research involved 15 school heads and 253 elementary teachers using a survey patterned from Executive Order No. 366. Statistical tools like frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and t-tests were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that many school heads hold doctorate degrees and have 11-20 years of experience, typically in leadership roles such as Principal or Head Teacher. They have also participated in multiple training sessions. Teachers, however, generally hold bachelor's degrees, have less than 5 years of experience, and occupy Teacher I positions, with some engaging in training at various levels. Both groups rated the administrative services highly. A significant relationship was found between their profiles and how they assess administrative services, suggesting that the educational and professional backgrounds of school heads and teachers influence their perceptions of service effectiveness. The study recommends that the division office improve transparency by timely posting school expenditures and balances to enhance data communication for school heads and teachers.
Analysis of Linguistic Landscape: Holy Child College of Education Campus
Authors: Addoboah-Bersah Vivian , Diaba Kafui Danku
Published: October 2024

The aim of the paper is to analyze the linguistic landscape of Holy Child College of Education. Drawing of data from first-hand fieldwork, this paper explores the display of language and multimodal on signage on the College campus. In all, it was found out that English language is prevalent on all types of surfaces (walls, doorpost, buildings, cenotaph, billboard) to aid in the identity of occupants as well as associate identity to the properties of the institution. There were also a few private shops which have names on them. The study employs qualitative and quantitative content analysis of a data of about 74 signages from the College. It looked into issues such as top-down, bottom-up approach as well as symbolic and informational function. It also examined if there are instances of the use of only one language or more than a language on a signage. The theory that supported this investigation was Linguistic Landscape Theory foundered by Landry and Bourhis (1997). This theory has it that the study of linguistic landscapes refers to the visibility and salience of languages on public and commercial signs in a given territory or region. Landry and Bourhis argue that the linguistic landscape of an area can serve as an indicator of the relative power and status of different linguistic communities within that area. This theory suggests that the languages displayed in public spaces can reflect broader social, cultural, and political dynamics, such as the dominance of one language over another, and it can affect the perception of language status and identity among community members.
A VAR Model for Non-Performing-Loans in Albania
Authors: Nerjaku Sauda , Sinaj Valentina
Published: October 2024

The objective of this paper is to distinguish the relationship of macroeconomic and macro financial factors with non-performing loans in the Albanian banking system for the last 10 years, through a VAR model. VAR models are used to discover the relationship between variables, while the model selection criteria are used to select the appropriate lag. The chosen lag is 4 and the macroeconomic variables besides NPL included in the study are unemployment, economic growth and consumer price index. The results of the model proved that NPL ratio is sensitive to previous periods of NPL movement. Other macroeconomic variables are insignificant related to actual NPL. Furthermore, through the representation of fan charts we expect a reduction on NPL ratio on the upcoming quarter, which signifies a stronger economy.
Examining the Use of Address Terms among Postgraduate Students in an Online Speech Community and Their Implication
Authors: Diaba Kafui Danku , Addoboah-Bersah Vivian
Published: October 2024

This paper examined the terms of address as an important part of verbal behavior through which the behavior, norms and practices of a society can be identified. As a classic study in sociolinguistics, Brown and Gilman (1960) pronominal address system highlighted the semantic power and solidarity in relation to address terms. Since then, several studies have emerged on address terms in various social domains notably academia, religion, politics and many more. However, most of these studies did not give much consideration to online speech communities. This study therefore focuses on sociolinguistic analysis of address terms among postgraduate students in an online speech community using ethnographic approach. The study selected three (3) postgraduate online groups from the University of Cape Coast. One hundred and fifty chats (150) were collected from each group and studied to reveal the key address terms used by the students to address each and also the factors influencing the choice of the address terms. The study revealed that the key address terms used among postgraduate students are personal names, descriptive phrases and titles. Again, the study revealed the following as the factors influencing the choice of address terms: situational and socio-cultural factors, level of formality, innovativeness and playfulness, gender and age variations.
Neoliberalism and pandemics: A critical cultural psychological perspective
Authors: Jimenez Tyler , Schmitt Harrison J.
Published: October 2024

In this theoretical article, we analyze from a critical cultural psychological perspective why neoliberalism is ill-suited to handle crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. In doing so, we describe a process whereby neoliberalism motivates individualism, which in turn contributes to precarity, inequality, depoliticization, and penality, each of which have exacerbated the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic. We conclude with a critique of how hegemonic practices in the field of psychological science are implicated in this process of neoliberal individualism and consider how the field might resist neoliberalism.
Colhendo a Liberdade: Mobilidade Social de Músicos entre os Séculos XIX e XX a partir da Investigação de Músicos Escravizados em Fazendas de Café
Authors: Lima Hudson
Published: October 2024

Esta pesquisa analisa a interseção entre música e condições sociais no Brasil nos séculos XIX e XX, enfocando músicos escravizados e/ou afrodescendentes. Utilizando a Hemeroteca Digital Brasileira, para fundamentar as hipóteses propostas, foram consultados os periódicos digitalizados disponíveis entre os anos de 1850 e 1909. Utilizou-se no mecanismo de busca os termos “músico escravo” e “músico mestiço”. Analisamos os discursos encontrados nesses periódicos buscando acrescentar informações para o campo musicológico sobre a atividades de músicos escravizados entre e no pós-abolição no Brasil. Investigamos narrativas que revelam a participação desses músicos em eventos comunitários e religiosos, destacando suas contribuições artísticas. Ao conectar essas histórias a trajetórias contemporâneas, a pesquisa evidencia uma continuidade nas lutas enfrentadas pelos músicos afrodescendentes, sublinhando sua resiliência. A observação da mobilidade social revela a habilidade desses músicos em transpor barreiras sociais, representando uma expressão contemporânea de resistência. Estabelecendo uma ponte entre passado e presente, o estudo destaca repetições nas narrativas, ressaltando a constância nas lutas por reconhecimento e equidade. O artigo enfatiza a resiliência das comunidades de músicos escravizados e seus descendentes, destacando não apenas sua função artística, mas também sua capacidade de desafiar normas sociais e contribuir para a reconfiguração das narrativas históricas sobre práticas musicais no Brasil.
The Advisory Opinion on Israel’s Policies and Practices in the Occupied Palestinian Territory
Authors: Moussa Jasmine
Published: October 2024

This post analyses the separation between jus ad bellum / in bello as arising from the Advisory Opinion of the ICJ. This separation was challenged by many States appearing before the Court, some of which implied that Israel’s policies and practices, as violations of jus in bello, rendered the occupation unlawful under jus ad bellum. The Court ultimately reaffirmed the separation with a twofold argument, namely qualifying the ‘legality of the occupation’ as a jus ad bellum question, and framing Israel’s policies and practices (prolonged occupation, annexation, and settlement policy) as violations of jus ad bellum.
Optimization method of road target detection based on infrared and visible light image fusion
Authors: Wencai Sun , Xuge Hu , Zhifa Yang , Wei Sun
Published: October 2024

In order to improve the accuracy of road target detection in the field of road traffic safety, the idea of multi-scale feature image fusion in image fusion technology is used to achieve fusion and the idea of Ghost bottleneck module of GPNet is used to reduce the complexity of the algorithm. An innovative infrared and visible light fusion and target detection network is established. The network consists of three parts: selective image fusion module, lightweight target detection module and fusion quality and detection accuracy discrimination network. Three sets of tests were conducted in daytime, nighttime and special weather (rain, fog, etc.) under 30-40\ km/hurban conditions with average vehicle speed as data sets. The experimental results showed that the average gradient was increased by 5.64881, the cross entropy was 0.93668, the edge strength was 56.9457, the information entropy was 0.925208781, the mutual information was 1.000548571, the peak signal-to-noise ratio was 3.053893252, Qab was 0.342882208, Qcb was 0.20898381, and the mean square error was reduced by 0.08. The AP, mAP and Recall output by the lightweight object detection network were all at the optimal level, verifying the advantages of the innovative application of infrared and visible light technology in road obstacle detection.
Road section traffic risk propagation model based on macro traffic flow energy consumption
Authors: Wenbo Fang , Han Chenyu , Ting Xu , Shan Jiang , Xin Liu , Xianmin Song
Published: October 2024

Traffic risk is an important source of road traffic accidents. Effectively predicting the propagation of accident risks on the road after an accident is of great significance for preventing secondary accidents. Therefore, this paper establishes a road section accident risk propagation model based on macro traffic flow energy consumption. Firstly, the influence of lane occupation and vehicle lane changing after the accident on traffic flow is analyzed, and a macro traffic flow model under the risk after the accident is constructed. Secondly, combined with the definition of traffic flow energy dissipation, the movement of the whole vehicle is abstracted as a fluid movement process, and a traffic flow energy consumption model under the risk after the accident is proposed to quantify the accident risk. Finally, according to the spatiotemporal correlation of risk propagation, a risk impact range and duration calculation model is proposed to describe the risk propagation process. In order to verify the effectiveness of the risk propagation model proposed in this paper, MATLAB and VISSIM are used to carry out numerical simulation and simulation verification of traffic flow operation under different initial traffic flow densities. The experimental results show that the greater the initial density of the road section when the accident occurs, the wider the risk impact range and the longer the duration. The absolute value of the prediction deviation rate of the proposed model is below 8%, which has a good prediction effect.
A virtual scene reconstruction algorithm for 3D digital images based on machine learning
Authors: Min Zong
Published: October 2024

In order to obtain a better quality image of virtual scene reconstruction of three-dimensional digital image, a virtual scene reconstruction algorithm of three-dimensional digital image based on machine learning is proposed. Firstly, the state information and presentation instructions of the scene are analyzed to obtain the distribution position of the vertices of the mesh model of the image reconstruction. The global image is approximately calculated by the local coordinate method, and the local details are corrected to complete the rendering of the three-dimensional digital image. Then, the space and scale are used as feature points to build a window detection template on the image, and the classifier is applied to suppress discrete feature points and remove redundant features. Finally, the smoothed three-dimensional coordinates are obtained according to the fitting function method to reconstruct the three-dimensional surface, and the local two-dimensional triangle is segmented and mapped to the three-dimensional space to realize the reconstruction of the virtual scene of the three-dimensional digital image. The experimental results show that the algorithm has a fast convergence speed, the reconstructed image details and edge contours are complete, and the overall effect is good.
Overtaking risk assessment based on extreme value theory and intelligent network information
Authors: Zhaoxia Liu , Rui Fu , Shifeng Niu
Published: October 2024

In order to evaluate the overtaking risk level of intelligent connected vehicles when providing different connected information, and to make up for the neglect of driver factors in traditional risk assessment and the inadequate evaluation of complex traffic scenarios by a single traffic conflict indicator, this paper introduces the Block maxima (BM) and Peak over threshold (POT) methods to fit the extreme value distribution for two conflict scenarios involved in overtaking events (following vehicle conflict and frontal vehicle conflict), so as to evaluate the risk of following vehicle accidents and frontal collision accidents during overtaking. In each conflict scenario, a non-stationary extreme value model considering driver factors and a binary extreme value model considering different traffic conflict indicators are constructed, and the model is verified by the overtaking test data of intelligent connected vehicles in a two-way two-lane vehicle. Overtaking events were extracted from the original test data and conflict indicators were calculated: including the collision time GAP with the front vehicle at the beginning of the overtaking event, the collision time TTC_t1 with the oncoming vehicle, the deceleration DRAC, and the collision time TTC with the oncoming vehicle and the headway time THW with the front vehicle at the end of the overtaking event. The probability of the event with a negative time conflict indicator or DRAC greater than MADR was used to characterize the degree of collision risk. The results show that in the following vehicle conflict scenario, the binary extreme value model constructed with different conflict indicators has different error results, among which the binary extreme value model constructed with THW&DRAC has the most accurate evaluation result (standard error MAE = 0.00028); in the front vehicle conflict scenario, the binary extreme value model constructed with TTC&DRAC has the most accurate evaluation result ( MAE = 0.006 ). In different conflict scenarios, the non- stationary extreme value model considering the driver factor significantly improves the risk assessment accuracy compared with the model without considering the driver factor (small AIC and BIC values). In addition, different intelligent network information (real-time distance, overtaking advice, speed advice) brings different overtaking risks, and when the intelligent network information is speed advice, the vehicle's overtaking risk is the lowest. Therefore, the non- stationary extreme value model and binary extreme value model considering driver factors proposed in this paper can effectively evaluate driving risks through traffic conflict indicators. Secondly, the experimental data of intelligent networked vehicles show that the extreme value theory model proposed in this paper can accurately evaluate the overtaking risk level of intelligent networked vehicles when providing different network information.
Optimization of multi-path approach flight sequencing based on rolling horizon control
Authors: Meilong Le , Xiansheng Wu , Juming Hu
Published: October 2024

Arrival flight sequencing optimization is an effective method to improve the landing efficiency of incoming flights and reduce flight delays. Based on this, with the goal of maximizing landing efficiency, combined with multi-runway and multi-route selection, and considering the actual waypoint restrictions, a mixed integer programming model for multi-path and multi-runway integrated arrival flight sequencing optimization is proposed. In order to solve the real-time problem of large-scale flight sequencing calculation, a multi-waypoint rolling horizon control algorithm is proposed. The terminal area of Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport is used as an example for verification, and the actual arrival flight data is used to carry out calculation experiments. In terms of wake turbulence safety interval, the RECAT-CN operation standard is used. The calculation results show that when the number of small-scale flights (23 flights) is small, the maximum landing time of the proposed model is 55 s earlier than the first-come-first-served method and 271 s earlier than the non-optimized one; when the number of large-scale flights (104 flights) is large, the solver alone cannot find a feasible solution within 3600 s, and the proposed algorithm finds a solution within 128.65 s. The proposed model and algorithm are effective and can be applied to actual flight scheduling optimization.
Visual inspection and grasping methods based on deep learning
Authors: Xiantao Sun , Wei Cheng , Wenjie Chen , Xiaohan Fang , Weihai Chen , Yinming Yang
Published: October 2024

Aiming at the problems of existing robot grasping systems that have high hardware requirements, are difficult to adapt to different objects, and produce large harmful torques during the grasping process, a visual detection and grasping method based on deep learning is proposed. The channel attention mechanism is used to improve YOLO-V3, enhance the network's ability to extract image features, improve the effect of target detection in complex environments, and increase the average recognition rate compared with the original . Aiming at the problem of discreteness of the current pose estimation angle, a minimum area bounding rectangle (MABR) algorithm based on the main network embedded in the Visual Geometry Group 16 (VGG-16) is proposed to perform grasping pose estimation and angle optimization. The average error between the improved grasping angle and the actual angle of the target is less than , which greatly reduces the harmful torque applied by the two-finger manipulator to the object during the grasping process. A visual grasping system was built using UR5 robotic arm, pneumatic two-finger manipulator, Realsense D435 camera and ATI-Mini45 six-dimensional force sensor. Experiments show that the proposed method can effectively grasp and classify different objects, has low hardware requirements, and reduces harmful torque by about , thereby reducing damage to objects. It has good application prospects.
Option Pricing Based on Neural Stochastic Differential Equations
Authors: Xinyuan Ji , Jiantao Dong , Hao Tao
Published: October 2024

Firstly, based on the Black-Scholes stock price model, the neural stochastic differential equation (NSDE) model was established by parameterizing the asset return rate and volatility as a drift network and a diffusion network, respectively. Secondly, in the empirical analysis, the underlying asset as a single stock option was used as the research object, and real stock data was used for the network training and testing. The experimental results show that the NSDE model can overcome the defects of the constant assumption of the Black-Scholes model. Finally, for the case where the price of the underlying asset of the option was unobservable, we proposed that the price of any target option and the price of a known option could be constrained within the Wasserstein distance of their risk-neutral equivalent martingale measure, and theoretically proved the method.
Learning Harris Hawk Algorithm Based on Signal-to-Noise Ratio
Authors: Lin Zhang , Jiaying Shen , Chuanlu Hu , Donglin Zhu
Published: October 2024

In view of the problem of insufficient population learning and adaptability of the Harris Hawk optimization algorithm, this paper proposes a learning Harris Hawk algorithm based on signal-to-noise ratio, referred to as SLHHO. This algorithm introduces the concept of signal-to-noise ratio to determine the location information of individuals, and designs a coordinated learning strategy that can more reasonably update the location of individuals within the population, and then redesign the escape distance to improve the adaptation and optimization of the algorithm. ability. Using 12 benchmark functions as standards, the performance of this algorithm was tested with variants of the Harris Eagle algorithm and other algorithms, and comparative analysis was conducted in evaluation indicators such as time complexity, diversity, exploration and development, and the results show that SLHHO has strong competitiveness and feasibility. Finally, the practicality of SLHHO was verified in the pressure vessel design problem.
Big Data Clustering Method Based on an Improved PSO-Means Algorithm
Authors: Darui Jiang , Shengchao Xu
Published: October 2024

There are problems in big data clustering processing, such as poor clustering effect of different types of data and long clustering time. Therefore, a big data clustering processing method based on the improved PSO-Means (Particle Swarm Optimization Means) algorithm is proposed. This method uses the particle swarm algorithm to determine the flight time and flight direction of the unit particle in a clustering process, pre-sets the selection range of the initial clustering center, and appropriately adjusts the inertia weight of the unit particle to eliminate the clustering defects caused by particle oscillation, and successfully obtains the clustering center based on large-scale data. Combined with the spanning tree algorithm, the PSO algorithm is optimized from two aspects: sample deviation and centroid skewness, and the optimized clustering center is input into the -means clustering algorithm to realize big data clustering processing. Experimental results show that the improved PSO-Means method can effectively cluster different types of data, and the clustering time is only 0.3 s, which verifies that this method has good clustering performance and clustering efficiency.
Self-supervised monocular depth estimation based on improved dense network and wavelet decomposition
Authors: Jayaraman Krishnan , Walker Charlotte , Thompson Liam , Chen Lyu , Qiqi Kou
Published: October 2024

Traditional self-supervised monocular depth estimation models do not adequately extract and fuse shallow features, which can easily lead to problems such as missed detection of small objects and blurred object edges. To address the above problems, this paper proposes a self-supervised monocular depth estimation model based on improved dense network and wavelet decomposition. The model follows the structure of U-net, in which the encoder adopts an improved dense connection method to improve the feature extraction and fusion capabilities of the encoder; at the same time, a detail enhancement module is added to the jump connection to further refine and integrate the multi-scale features output by the encoder; finally, the wavelet decomposition method is introduced in the decoder, forcing the decoder to pay more attention to high-frequency information and achieve refined processing of image edges. Experimental results show that the depth estimation model proposed in this paper has a stronger ability to capture small object features, and the edges of the generated depth map are clearer and more accurate.
Multiple high-speed maneuvering target detection method based on improved orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm
Authors: Yang Wang , Xiaokuan Zhang , Qiankuo Ma , Shuyu Zheng , Binfeng Zong , Jiahua Xu
Published: October 2024

Aiming at the problem of multi-target high-speed maneuvering detection, a multi-target detection method based on the improved orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm (OMP) is proposed. Firstly, the signal model is established according to the motion characteristics of high-speed maneuvering targets; secondly, the improved OMP algorithm is used to estimate the motion parameters of the echo signal after pulse compression; then, a phase compensation function is constructed to correct the range migration and Doppler migration; finally, the coherent accumulation is completed by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to achieve the detection of multiple targets. The improved algorithm is suitable for multi-target high-speed maneuvering detection scenarios, which can effectively avoid the blind speed sidelobe phenomenon and the influence of signal cross terms, and has the advantages of high parameter estimation accuracy and strong anti-noise ability. Simulation experiments verify the effectiveness and reliability of the improved algorithm.
RELIGIOUS CONNECTIONS BETWEEN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE AND TURKISTAN (DURING THE XIXth AND EARLY XXth CENTURIES): ISTANBUL AS A PILGRIMAGE ROAD
Authors: Ospanova Akmaral , Shorayev Baglan
Published: October 2024

The pilgrimage, holds significant religious importance in Islam and serves as a vital factor in the political, economic, and social development of states. It acts as an institutional structure that unites Muslims from diverse cultures and languages. In the 19th century, Hajj was a crucial link between the people of Turkestan, under Tsarist Russia, and the Ottoman Empire. Despite political separations, the pilgrimage maintained relations between the Ottoman Empire and the Turkestan region.
This study delves into the history of the Hajj pilgrimage by Kazakh Turks through Ottoman lands, highlighting the religious connections between the Ottoman Empire and Turkestan. The period from the late 19th century to the early 20th century is particularly significant for evaluating the political, diplomatic, and cultural ties between the Ottoman Empire and the Kazakh Turks. During this time, the number of Kazakh pilgrims increased, driven by various factors.
The pilgrimage of Kazakh Turks through Ottoman territories raised suspicions in Tsarist Russia, leading to persecution of Ottoman citizens who traded in Kazakh lands and encouraged pilgrimage. This historical analysis draws on data from the Kazakhstan Central Archive, providing insights into the pilgrimage routes and the support offered by the Ottoman Sultan to Turkestan pilgrims.
The article covers multiple aspects: the religious ties between the Ottoman Empire and Turkestan, Tsarist Russia's laws on pilgrimage, pilgrimage routes, Turkestan lodges in Istanbul, contributions to the Hejaz Railway's construction, and the Ottoman Sultan's aid to Turkestan pilgrims. Additionally, it explores Tsarist Russia's smear campaigns against Ottoman Turks in Kazakhstan, the impact of Russian expansion in the 19th century, and the political significance of the Hejaz Railway for ensuring pilgrimage safety.
The study relies on documents from the Kazakhstan Archive, systematically scanned and categorized by subject, to present a comprehensive view of these historical events and their implications.
KARAŞAR, AN ALEVI-BEKTASHI SETTLEMENT IN BEYPAZARI (ADMINISTRATIVE, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE)
Authors: Yaşayanlar İsmail
Published: October 2024

Karaşar is an example of the settlement of Alevi-Bektashi Turkmen groups in Anatolia during the early Ottoman period, and the earliest records of Karaşar date to the 15th century. In the Ottoman period, Karaşar was administratively located at the intersection of the borders of the provinces of Hudavendigar, Kastamonu and Ankara, and historically always remained a part of Beypazarı. Karaşar, which had a considerably higher population compared to a classical village settlement, became a subdistrict to which other villages around it were connected in the 19th century. In the Republican period, Karaşar became a town, and although it maintained this status for many years, today it is a settlement consisting of several neighborhoods.
This study evaluates the economic and social structure of Karaşar, an Alevi-Bektashi settlement, on the basis of data from tahrir, population and temettuat books in the Ottoman Archives. In addition, the smuggling and banditry issues that have taken place in the history of Karaşar have been emphasized. The evaluations based on archives and research works are also supported by oral history data in Karaşar. The oral history data has been especially important in terms of the continuity of intangible cultural heritage and the control of local narratives with historical data.
El Design Thinking aplicado al desarrollo de Competencias en Estudiantes de la UATF: Caso de Estudio
Authors: Carlos Vera Roberto , Delgado Janko Isabel , Uriona Díaz Jaqueline Marlene , Poquechoque Peredo Carmen , Montalvo Ortiz Juan José , Montecinos Campos José Luis , Coria Nina Braulia
Published: October 2024

La integración del método Design Thinking en la formación académica de estudiantes de Medicina y Enfermería de la Universidad Autónoma Tomás Frías (UATF) ha demostrado ser una estrategia eficaz para mejorar sus competencias analíticas, habilidades prácticas, y toma de decisiones en salud pública. Por esta situación se planteó analizar el caso de estudio enfocados en la aplicación de Design Thinking o pensamiento crítico, en las campañas de salud pública, para fortalecer la conexión entre la teoría y la práctica, impulsando la participación activa y el liderazgo de los estudiantes en intervenciones comunitarias. Para este caso se aplicó una metodología con un enfoque mixto bajo un análisis descriptivo y un corte transversal, permitiendo caracterizar los cambios en las competencias estudiantiles al enfrentar problemas de salud pública, destacando la mejora continua mediante ciclos estratégicos que incluyen planificación, capacitación, supervisión y evaluación. Los resultados muestran que la implementación del Design Thinking, en el currículo académico no solo mejora el rendimiento académico, sino también prepara a los estudiantes para enfrentar desafíos en salud pública de manera creativa y efectiva, promoviendo una responsabilidad social universitaria sólida. Estos hallazgos sugieren que el Design Thinking es una herramienta valiosa en la educación superior para formar profesionales competentes en salud, capaces de liderar y ejecutar intervenciones comunitarias innovadoras y efectivas.
Effects of governor vessel electroacupuncture on the expression of neurotrophin-3 in spinal cord transected rats
Authors: Chen Li , Xia Qing-Jie
Published: October 2024

﻿Background: Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is a significant global health issue commonly associated with functional disability, mortality, and a reduced quality of life for patients. However, the available therapeutic methods are limited, and their effectiveness is often unsatisfactory. Objective: This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of electroacupuncture (EA) in facilitating repair and to determine the underlying mechanism. Methods: After inducing the spinal cord transection (SCT) model in rats, we conducted Governor Vessel Electroacupuncture (GVEA) and subsequently examined the expression of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) in the spinal cord. We focused on identifying the specific cell type associated with NT-3 expression and engaging in a thorough discussion on its role in SCI. Results: Significant recovery in hindlimb locomotor and sensory functions was observed after GVEA treatment when compared to non-GVEA treated rats. The results indicated that GVEA facilitate functional recovery in SCT rats. Furthermore, the expression and localization of NT-3 were assessed through RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The results showed that there was a substantial increase in the expression of NT-3 within neurons and astrocytes, suggesting NT-3 may play a pivotal role in injured spinal cord. Notably, the expression of NT-3 was prominently facilitated by GVEA, emphasizing the significance of NT-3 that may be as a crucial mediator for both neurons and glial cells. Conclusions: GVEA facilitates functional restoration by eliciting an up-regulation of NT-3 in rats undergoing SCT.
Preparation and optimization of paraffin sections
Authors: Mu Chang-Ru
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aims to optimize the method of simple paraffin section, and provide reference for the study of histopathological techniques. Methods: We comprehensively considered and controlled the environmental humidity, paraffin quality and soaking time to improve the quality of paraffin sections. Only in this way can high-quality paraffin sections be obtained, providing more accurate results for tissue structure observation and analysis. Results: Achieving high-quality paraffin sections crucial for accurate tissue structure analysis relies on meticulous control of environmental humidity, consistent paraffin quality, and optimized soaking time. Maintaining appropriate indoor humidity levels (25℃-30℃) ensures optimal paraffin solidification and slicing, while utilizing high-quality paraffin enhances section quality. Additionally, adjusting soaking time (8-12h) based on tissue characteristics is essential for optimal results. By addressing these key factors, researchers can obtain superior paraffin sections, facilitating precise tissue structure observation and analysis. Conclusions: Environmental humidity, paraffin quality, and soaking time are essential for producing high-quality paraffin sections, which are imperative for accurate analysis of tissue structure.
Identification of candidate hub genes for COVID-19-induced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Ding Li
Published: October 2024

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an incurable lung disease characterized by progressive scarring leading to alveolar stiffness, and reduced lung capacity, which might be induced by Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aims to explore the molecular mechanism of COVID-19-induced IPF and find the immune changes in the process of IPF. Methods: The data from the GEO database were processed by using the R algorithm package to explore the correlation between COVID-19 and IPF. Differential analysis, Venn analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, immune infiltration analysis, transcriptional analysis, and protein-protein analysis were performed to find the candidate hub genes, related pathways, and immune cell changes in IPF. Results: 69 differentially expressed genes (DGEs) were identified by differential analysis, including 27 up-regulated genes and 42 down-regulated genes. 15 hub genes were identified, which are CEA Cell Adhesion Molecule 8 (CEACAM8), Cathelicidin Antimicrobial Peptide (CAMP), Ribosomal Protein L9 (RPL9), Lactotransferrin (LTF), CD177 Molecule (CD177), Annexin A3 (ANXA3), CD3 Delta Subunit Of T-Cell Receptor Complex (CD3D), Granulin Precursor (GRN), Granzyme A (GZMA), Granzyme K (GZMK), Interleukin 1 Receptor Type 2 (IL1R2), Lipocalin 2 (LCN2), Matrix Metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), Neural EGFL Like 2 (NELL2) and Ribosomal Protein L4 (RPL4), among which ANXA3, IL1R2, MMP9, LCN2, NELL2 might be the most significant candidate genes for COVID-19-induced IPF. The transcriptional factors of hub genes were found to be related to Sp1 Transcription Factor (SP1), Signal Transducer And Activator Of Transcription 1 (STAT1), RELA Proto-Oncogene, NF-KB Subunit (RELA), and Nuclear Factor Kappa B Subunit 1 (NFKB1). Immune cell analysis revealed that Plasma cells, Macrophages MO, Dendritic cells activated, Mast cells resting, and Eosinophils were significantly elevated in the IPF compared with healthy subjects. Conclusions: The findings shed light on the risk factors of COVID-19 in the development of IPF, and immune changes in COVID-19 and IPF. The shared DEGs might be prognostic in the treatment of IPF.
Evaluation on the therapeutic effect of AKT inhibitors in hemin-induced cortical neuron injury
Authors: An Jing-Qi
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Threonine Kinase 1 (AKT) inhibitors in haemorrhage-induced cortical neuron damage. Methods: Cultured cortical neurons were exposed to bleeding administration in vitro and AKT inhibitors was used, also. Subsequently, evaluation of the therapeutic effect was conducted using cell viability assays, apoptosis analysis, and all data were performed statistic analysis. Results: AKT inhibitors significantly alleviated haemorrhage-induced cortical neuron damage, indicated by increased cell survival and reduced cell apoptosis, confirming the positive effect of AKT inhibitors in neuronal protection. Conclusion: AKT inhibitors have a significant therapeutic effect on cortical neuron protection with blood stimulation, which may serve as a potential treatment strategy for related neurological disorders, under the haemorrhage condition.
The effect of electrical stimulation on the recovery of nerve from injury
Authors: Liu Su
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aims to provide a concise overview on the effect of electrical stimulation (ES) on the nerve injury and repair, so as to draw insights on ES therapy from diverse studies. Methods: Using the literature summarizing method, “electrical stimulation” and “nerve damage” were entered as keywords to retrieve related studies in PubMed (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/), resulting in 79 related papers. The main points of literature were obtained by compressing, categorizing and summarizing literature for reporting. Lastly, the knowledge was generalized as a review in this paper. Results: This article systematically summarizes the effect of ES in dorsal root ganglion cells, in which, ES facilitates the expression of nerve growth associated with protein and nerve chemotaxis, and affects axonal growth by providing important literature information so as to understand the current research progress of ES on nerve damage. Conclusions: We summarized the effect of ES on nerve injury, so as to provide reference for related research and related personnel.