bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“I’ve Had an Alarm Set for 3:00 a.m. for Decades”: The Impact of Type 1 Diabetes on Sleep
Authors: Bispham Jeoffrey A. , Hughes Allyson S. , Fan Ludi , Perez-Nieves Magaly , McAuliffe-Fogarty Alicia H.
Published: January 2021

There is a dearth of research characterizing the impact on a caregiver’s sleep when caring for a minor with type 1 diabetes. This study used focus groups of people with type 1 diabetes and caregivers of minors with type 1 diabetes to explore the experience of how diabetes affects sleep. The occurrence of both unanticipated and planned sleep disruptions led to the majority of participants reporting that their sleep was considerably affected by diabetes. Despite the improvement in blood glucose management that diabetes technology devices can provide, people with type 1 diabetes and their caregivers still report sleep disruption and sleep loss resulting from overnight diabetes management.
Health Care Utilization of Homeless Minors With Diabetes in New York State From 2009 to 2014
Authors: Sakai-Bizmark Rie , Mena Laurie A. , Estevez Dennys , Webber Eliza J. , Marr Emily H. , Bedel Lauren E. M. , Yee Jennifer K.
Published: January 2021

Objective: This study aims to describe
differences in healthcare utilization between homeless and non-homeless minors with
diabetes mellitus (DM).

Research Design and Methods: Data from
the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project’s Statewide Inpatient Database from
New York for years 2009-2014 was examined to identify pediatric patients <18
years old with DM. Outcomes
of interest included: hospitalization rate, in-hospital mortality, admission
through the emergency department (ED), diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA),
hospitalization cost, and lengths of stay (LOS). Other variables of
interest included: age group, race/ethnicity, insurance type, and year. Multivariate
logistic regression models were used for in-hospital mortality, admission through ED, and DKA.
Log-transformed linear regression models were used for hospitalization cost,
and negative binomial regression models were used for LOS.

Results: A total of 643
homeless and 10,559 non-homeless cases were identified. The hospitalization
rate was higher among homeless minors, with 3.64 per 1,000 homeless population
and 0.38 per 1,000 non-homeless population, respectively. A statistically
significant higher readmission rate was detected among homeless minors (20.4%
among homeless and 14.1% among non-homeless, p <0.01). Lower rates of DKA (OR 0.75, p=0.02), hospitalization costs (point estimate 0.88, p <.01), and longer LOS (Incidence
Rate Ratio (IRR) 1.20, p <0.01)
were detected among homeless minors compared to non-homeless minors.

Conclusions: This study found
that among minors with DM, those who are homeless experience a higher
hospitalization rate than the non-homeless. Housing instability, among other environmental
factors, may be targeted for intervention to improve health outcomes.
How to Avoid Toxigenic Problems in Animal Husbandry?
Authors: A Mesterhazy
Published: January 2021

All mistakes in plant breeding, plant production, storage will be manifested in the animal husbandry and will become a veterinary problem with far reaching economic consequences. The managing of the field originated toxins is far not enough because the cleaning losses are high, toxin binding is only moderately effective and expensive and this is valid for the use of antibiotics. We should prevent toxin contamination in the field as far it is possible with varieties and hybrids with higher and increasing resistance, better agronomy and plant protection. A well-organized harvest (separation of the grain according toxin contamination), excellent storage facilities and management are also highly important. The veterinary side can be successful when cooperates with the breeding and production and delivers the results supporting better limits for toxins and support extensive prevention also in the government.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Teams Games Tournament (TGT) untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPS pada Siswa Kelas VI SD
Authors: Lastia I Nyoman
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Teams Games Tournament (TGT) pada siswa kelas VI SD Negeri 1 Sekumpul semester II tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang melibatkan siswa kelas VI yang berjumlah 16 orang siswa. Obyek penelitian ini adalah hasil belajar IPS. Dalam penelitian ini data hasil belajar siswa dikumpulkan dengan tes hasil belajar, metode analisis data dengan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa hasil belajar mata pelajaran IPS melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Teams Games Tournament (TGT) pada siswa kelas VI semester II tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 dinyatakan meningkat, hal dibuktikan terjadi perbedaan hasil belajar antara siklus I (jumlah 1065, rata-rata 67, daya serap 67, ketuntasan belajar 69%) dan siklus II (jumlah 1170, rata-rata 73, daya serap 73%, ketuntasan belajar 94%). Terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar antara siklus I dan siklus II, menunjukan kenaikan rata-rata daya serap 6% dan pada ketuntasan belajar mengalami kenaikan sebesar 25%. Kesimpulan penerapan model pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Teams Games Tournament (TGT) pada siswa kelas VI SD Negeri 1 Sekumpul semester II tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS.
Naturally ventilated industrial sheds: an investigation about the influence of wind direction in flow rate efficiency in continuous roof vents
Authors: Carmagos B. , De Souza H. , Gomes A. , Ladeira A. , Dos Reis R. , Mapa L.
Published: January 2021

Natural ventilation portrays an effective technique for lowering the internal temperature, without spending electricity, and directly contributes to the renewal of indoor air by establishing a healthy environment for workers. Given this, it is usual to have air vent openings located at the top of the roof (continuous roof vents), in addition to those present on the facades of sheds. In naturally ventilated buildings, it is recommended to give due importance to the provision of these openings, since depending on the proposed arrangement, the wind may or may not help in the effectiveness of this strategy. In this work, it is evaluated via computer simulation (EnergyPlus, version 8.7.0), for the climatic conditions of the city of Belo Horizonte/Brazil, the influence of the wind direction in the flow rate of indoor air through the ridge vents, of the longitudinal and transversal type, present in industrial sheds endowed with an internal source of high-intensity heat release. The results obtained show that the flow rate has a symmetrical behavior in the openings of the longitudinal continuous roof vent, that is, when an opening is with the maximum outflow of the internal air, the opening opposite the predominant wind direction is acting as an entry point for the air external. The transverse continuous roof vents are more sensitive about the wind direction since they are positioned perpendicular to the building. The best result found is for the wind situation occurring parallel to the shed, obtaining a reduction in the internal temperature of up to 1°C, an increase in the rate of air changes per hour, in the internal environment, at 1acph, and an increase of up to 10,7% in the volume of air infiltrated into the shed.
Group Counseling to Reduce Academic Stress in Senior High School Students
Authors: Putrikita Katrim Alifa , Sari Endah Puspita
Published: January 2021

The objective of the study is to determine the effect of group counseling on academic stress of senior high school students. Academic stress is a student's response to academic demands that cannot be prevented, avoided or controlled. Respondents in this study were four senior high school students who had high academic stress scores. This study used a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. Researchers measured respondents' academic scores before and after the group counseling was given. Researchers used the Educational Stress Scale for Adolescents (ESSA) to measure the academic stress of respondents. The treatment given, which was group counseling, was given in five sessions. Researchers used anava repeated measures to analyze the data. From the statistical analysis conducted, it can be concluded that group counseling has a significant effect on reducing the academic stress of the research respondents. From the results of this study, researchers suggest that group counseling is effective for reducing academic stress in senior high school students.
OS CURSOS DE ESPECIALIZAÇÃO RURAL NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO NAS DÉCADAS DE 1930 E 1940
Authors: Basso Jaqueline
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho pretende colaborar com a construção da memória da educação do campo, tendo por objetivo descrever e analisar os Cursos de Especialização Rural ofertados nas décadas de 1930 e 1940, com o intuito de preparar os professores para o trabalho nas escolas rurais do interior do estado de São Paulo, iniciativa influenciada pelo Ruralismo Pedagógico, movimento que defendia a educação rural enquanto ferramenta para a fixação do homem na terra. Por tratar-se de pesquisa de cunho histórico, valeu-se de revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa documental que se dedicou a um anuário de ensino; decretos; leis e notícias de jornais. Assim, conclui-se que o currículo prático (alicerçado em noções de agricultura, pecuária e higiene) dos Cursos de Especialização Rural não foi suficiente para levar adiante os ideais ruralistas. Dado que, a educação por si só não é capaz de conter um movimento de ordem social e econômica, materializado na migração da população do meio rural para as cidades.
O que é um “bom” artigo científico? Concepções de estudantes do curso de Engenharia Elétrica
Authors: Maria da Silva Elizabeth , Ariane Santos Amaro da Silva Maria , Laurentino Cunha Raquel , Silva de Brito Júlia Juliêta
Published: January 2021

Este estudo tem o objetivo de identificar concepções de artigo científico utilizadas por estudantes da área de Engenharia Elétrica de uma universidade federal brasileira. Embora valiosas contribuições já tenham sido dadas em materiais didáticos voltados para a didatização desse gênero, nota-se a escassez de pesquisas sobre os propósitos comunicativos e os significados sociais específicos de artigos científicos produzidos e publicados nas diferentes áreas do conhecimento. Por isso, o foco deste estudo são as perspectivas dos próprios integrantes de uma dessas áreas: exploram-se aqui entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com estudantes de Engenharia Elétrica, sob uma abordagem qualitativa e uma perspectiva experiencial, tomando como base a metodologia de análise de conteúdo. Fundamentada nos discursos sobre escrita, a análise dos dados conclui que as percepções desses estudantes sobre o que se espera de um “bom” artigo científico apontam duas dimensões: o artigo como prática social e o artigo como prática sociopolítica. As discussões realizadas neste trabalho podem contribuir para ampliar o debate sobre a produção de gêneros acadêmicos.
Las revistas científicas, la ciencia abierta y la medición entre las métricas y almétricas: un espejismo de la imagen de la ciencia versus la falsación científica
Authors: Valencia Grajales José Fernando , Valencia Grajales Andrea María , Marín Galeano Mayda Soraya
Published: January 2021

Las revistas científicas, como mecanismo de difusión de la ciencia, han venido cambiando de rumbo al sacar la ciencia de los guetos y democratizar el conocimiento, poniendo a disposición del mundo entero sus estudios. Sin embargo, al hacerlo se exponen a una carrera mortal por el prestigio, la imagen, el impacto, la visibilidad, el cuidado de las normas éticas y la financiación que no siempre van de la mano. Para visibilizar estos retos y dificultades se procederá con una metodología histórico-crítica aunada al análisis del discurso. Para ello, primero se hará un recuento de la evolución histórica de las revistas, luego se procederá con la evidencia de las primeras métricas empleadas, después se mostrarán las nuevas formas de medición almétricas y finalmente se ensayarán unas conclusiones.
Logical Consequence Operators and Etatism
Authors: Krysztofiak Wojciech
Published: January 2021

In the paper, there is presented the theory of logical consequence operators indexed with taboo functions. It describes the mechanisms of logical inference in the environment of forbidden sentences. This kind of processes take place in ideological discourses within which their participants create various narrative worlds (mental worlds). A peculiar feature of ideological discourses is their association with taboo structures of deduction which penalize speech acts. The development of discourse involves, among others, transforming its deduction structure towards the proliferation of consequence operators and modifying penalty functions. The presented theory enables to define various processes of these transformations in the precise way. It may be used in analyses of conflicts between competing elm experts acting within a discourse.
OTORITAS PENGASUHAN DAN EFIKASI KEPUTUSAN KARIER PADA REMAJA DI ACEH
Authors: Humaira Putri Yuni , Kumala Intan Dewi
Published: January 2021

Pengambilan keputusan karier merupakan salah satu tugas perkembangan pada masa remaja, khususnya remaja akhir (18-21 tahun), yaitu penentuan spesifikasi karier yang akan dijalani. Dalam proses tersebut, tingkat keyakinan dalam diri remaja yang terbentuk melalui jenis pengasuhan dari orang tua turut menjadi pertimbangan. Pengasuhan orang tua memiliki kontribusi terhadap tingkat keyakinan remaja tentang dirinya dalam membuat keputusan karier yang dianggap sesuai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara otoritas pengasuhan (yang dilakukan orang tua) dengan efikasi keputusan karier pada remaja di Aceh. Metode yang digunakan yaitu disproportionated stratified random sampling dan pengumpulan data dilakukan di sembilan wilayah terpilih di provinsi Aceh dengan total sampel sebanyak 347 remaja berusia 18-21 tahun. Alat ukur yang digunakan yaitu Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) dan Career Decision Self-Efficacy Short Form (CDSE-SF). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara kedua variabel yaitu, adanya hubungan positif pada pengasuhan ayah authoritative dan ibu authoritative dengan variabel efikasi keputusan karier. Selanjutnya, terdapat hubungan negatif pada hipotesis pengasuhan ayah permissive, ibu permissive, ayah authoritarian, dan ibu authoritarian dengan variabel efikasi keputusan karier. Hal tersebut diartikan bahwa semakin baik jenis otoritas pengasuhan (parental authority) menurut penilaian remaja maka semakin tinggi pula keyakinannya dalam membuat keputusan karier (career decision self-efficacy).
Botanic Garden Profile: The National Botanic Garden of Wales at 20
Authors: Ritchie Will
Published: January 2021

The National Botanic Garden of Wales celebrated its 20th anniversary in 2020 with many achievements and challenges for staff, volunteers and stakeholders to reflect upon. An ambitious project since its inception, the Botanic Garden has grown from humble beginnings into an established national institution in its first two decades, with the tireless efforts of many helping it to flourish. Early proponents of the idea did much to foster others’ support, and what started as a vision shared between a small group of enthusiasts became a Millennium Commission funded project in 1996. Since opening to the public in 2000, much work has been done to create the gardens, infrastructure and teams necessary to pursue the Botanic Garden’s mission. In a climate of increasing biodiversity loss and environmental degradation, science, horticulture and education programmes have been developed which continue to make tangible contributions the study, conservation and interpretation of plant diversity in Wales and beyond. With 568 acres (230 ha) to develop further still and world-class facilities such as the Great Glasshouse, the Botanic Garden aims to play an important role in research, conservation, education and public engagement for many years to come.
DRAMATURGY: RIBA ON HOME OWNERSHIP LOAN IN ISLAMIC BANKING (CASE STUDY ON BANK BTN SYARIAH KCPS CIPUTAT, TANGERANG SELATAN)
Authors: Faizatunazilla Aulia Julian , Jamilah Siti
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine usury behavior in the Housing Loan or Credit in Islamic banks and to determine the application of the existing contract system in Housing Loans in Islamic banks using the dramaturgy method. The data used in this study is primary data, where researchers conducted interviews directly with the Bank BTN Syariah KCPS Ciputat, a member of the Sharia Supervisory Board and one of the customers who used a House Ownership Credit product at an Islamic bank. The results of this study can be concluded that the front stage that the bank shows to the public is in accordance with the back stage that the bank does not show to the public and Bank BTN Syariah KCPS Ciputat conducts its business in accordance with Islamic law and the fatwa of the National Sharia Council. So that in this study Bank BTN Syariah KCPS Ciputat does not have usury in its business.
PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF LARGE SCALE SOCIAL RESTRICTIONS
Authors: Novaldi Mohamad Audy , Hidayat Dasrun
Published: January 2021

This study focuses on the public perception of Soreang District, Bandung Regency regarding Large-Scale Social Restrictions. This problem is examined because in its implementation the Large Scale Social Restrictions creates many different perceptions that are felt by each individual, thus affecting the effectiveness of the implementation of the policy. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent of public knowledge and attitudes about Large Scale Social Restrictions and to find out whether the community has complied with the policy. To answer these objectives, researchers used descriptive research methods with a qualitative approach. The technique of collecting data through interviews, observation and document review. The interview involved most of the people of Soreang District, Bandung Regency. Meanwhile, document review is taken from news in various mass media as well as theory from relevant references. Data analysis techniques use reduction analysis, display, and data conclusion. The results of this study indicate that the people of Soreang District, Bandung Regency already understand and comply with the Large Scale Social Restrictions policy. This is supported by the results of interviews the researchers conducted with several informants, on average, with knowledge of the Large Scale Social Restrictions policy. This level of understanding is manifested through daily behavior by following the provisions of the Large Scale Social Restrictions and implementing health protocols.
On the distribution and ecology of a rare land snail, Eostrobilops coreana (Pilsbry, 1927) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Strobilopsidae)
Authors: Prozorova Larisa A.
Published: January 2021

Представлены подробные сведения о четырех местонахождения редкой наземной улитки Eostrobilops coreana (Pilsbry, 1927) на Корейском полуострове и трех в Приморском крае. Впервые показан кальцифильный характер вида. Новое местонахождение вида на п-ове Песчаный (административная территория Владивостока) является наиболее северной точкой распространения рода Eostrobilops Pilsbry, 1927. Ключевые слова: наземные улитки, редкие виды, Приморский край, Красные книги, смешанный хвойно-широколиственный лес, известняки, кальцифильные виды. Data on four localities of the Eostrobilops coreana (Pilsbry, 1927) on Korean Peninsula and Primorye Territory (Russia) are presented. For the first time, calcyphile character of the species is demonstrated. A new revealed site of the species at the Peschany Peninsula (Vladivostok administrative territory) is the most northern locality of the genus Eostrobilops Pilsbry, 1927. Key words: land snails, rare species, Primorye Territory, Red Data Books, mixed coniferous-broadleaved forest, limestone, calcyphile species.
New finding of the epitoniid Cirsotrema matugisiense (Ozaki,1958) (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Sea of Japan
Authors: Sirenko Boris I. , Drobyazin Evgeny N.
Published: January 2021

We describe a new finding of Cirsotrema matugisiense (Ozaki, 1958) from the northern Sea of Japan. This species differs from the other species of the family Epitoniidae having few low, flattened, wide spiral ribs throughout the whole surface of each whorl excluding the base. Most similar to C. matugisiense is Amaea iwaotakii Azuma, 1961 which differs from the former in having the whorls with many distinct minute spiral striae except on the upper third of each whorl (vs. a few low, flattened, wide spiral ribs throughout the whole surface of each whorl excluding the base in C. matugisiense); all axial ribs are rather similar in size (vs. the axial ribs of different thickness, especially on the last whorl in C. matugisiense). Key words: Gastropoda, Epitoniidae, Cirsotrema, Sakhalin, Sea of Japan. Описана новая находка гастроподы Cirsotrema matugisiense (Ozaki, 1958) из Японского моря. Этот вид хорошо отличается от других видов семейства Epitoniidae наличием 6 низких, уплощенных, широких спиральных ребер на всей поверхности каждого оборота, исключая основание. Наиболее сходным c C. matugisiense видом является Amaea iwaotakii Azuma, 1961, который отличается от него наличием оборотов раковины с многими отчетливыми, мелкими спиральными бороздками за исключением верхней 1/3 каждого оборота (несколько низких, уплощенных, широких спиральных ребер на всей поверхности каждого оборота, исключая основание у C. matugisiense); все осевые ребра довольно сходны по размеру (осевые ребра различной толщины особенно на последнем обороте у C. matugisiense). Ключевые слова: Gastropoda, Epitoniidae, Cirsotrema, Сахалин, Японское море.
ОТДЕЛ ПО РАБОТЕ С ЖЕНЩИНАМИ ЦК КП(Б)Б: СТРУКТУРА, ПОЛНОМОЧИЯ, ПРОБЛЕМЫ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ (1945–1954 ГГ.)
Authors: Талалуева К.И.
Published: January 2021

В статье выявляются предпосылки создания отдела по работе с женщинами Центрального комитета Коммунистической партии (большевиков)
Белоруссии (ЦК КП(б)Б), характеризуются направления его деятельности
и достигнутые результаты за период с 1945 по 1954 гг. Автор рассматривает создание данного органа в рамках большого политического проекта
советского строительства в западных областях Беларуси, в том числе в
контексте сложной общественно-политической обстановки в этом регионе в послевоенный период. Работники женотделов и представительницы
сформированного женского актива принимали деятельное участие в коллективизации, кампании по ликвидации неграмотности и малограмотности населения, оказании социальной помощи многодетным и одиноким
матерям, отборе, подготовке и закреплении женских кадров в системе
государственного управления, повышении уровня образования женщин и
других значимых процессах социально-экономического и политического
развития БССР.
Ключевые слова: женотдел, делегатские собрания, БССР, история женщин

The article identifies the context in which the women’s department of the Central
Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Byelorussia was established,
the main directions of its work in 1945–1954 and the results achieved. The
author examines the establishment of this body within the framework of a large
political project of Soviet construction in the western regions of Belarus, taking
into account the problematic social and political situation in this region in the
post-war years. Employees of women’s departments and female activists took an
effective part in collectivization, campaigns to eliminate illiteracy, provide social
assistance to mothers with many children and single mothers, select, train and
retain female personnel for the public administration system, raise the level of
education of women and in many other significant social, political and economic
initiatives in the BSSR.
Keywords: Zhenotdel, delegate meetings, BSSR, women’s history
ОТРАЖЕНИЕ ИДЕЙ НЕОСТОИЦИЗМА В РОМАНЕ ЛЮДВИГА ХОЛЬБЕРГА «ПОДЗЕМНОЕ ПУТЕШЕСТВИЕ НИЛЬСА КЛИМА»
Authors: Леонидов Д.В.
Published: January 2021

В статье представлен историко-философский анализ сатирического романа
датско-норвежского писателя XVIII в. Людвига Хольберга «Подземное путешествие Нильса Клима», выявляющий влияние христианского неостоицизма
на его идейное содержание. Философские идеи, представленные в романе,
относятся к сферам гносеологии, экзистенциальной философии, этики и
философии образования и представляют собой систему взглядов, развивающую философию христианского неостоицизма. Автор приходит к выводу о
том, что ввиду наличия фундаментального философского содержания роман
Людвига Хольберга нельзя рассматривать только как политико-сатирическое
произведение, но, скорее, как воспитательный философский роман, актуальный для решения современных экзистенциальных и моральных проблем.
Ключевые слова: Людвиг Хольберг, неостоицизм, норвежская философия,
роман воспитания

The article presents a philosophical analysis of the satirical novel «Niels Klim’s
underground travels» written by the XVIIIth century Danish-Norwegian writer
Ludvig Holberg. The analysis reveals the influence of Christian Neostoicism on
the ideological content of the novel. The author shows that the philosophical ideas
of the novel belong to the spheres of epistemology, existential philosophy, ethics
and philosophy of education and constitute a belief system that develops the
philosophy of Christian Neostoicism. It is concluded that due to the presence of a
fundamental philosophical content Ludvig Holberg’s novel cannot be considered
only as a political satirical work, but rather as a philosophical bildungsroman
relevant to modern existential and moral problems.
Keywords: Ludvig Holberg, Neostoicism, Norwegian philosophy, bildungsroman
A war in the head. The new model of Russian propaganda as a Hobbesian time of the disposition of war
Authors: Mazur-Bubak Monika
Published: January 2021

A major part of research into cyber‐propaganda discusses the following components it uses: disinformation, creating fake news and employing so‐called farm trolls. Actions of this kind do not correspond with the classic division of soft and hard power, since neither can their goals nor the means they utilise be unambiguously defined as coercion, payment, or attraction (Nye, 2009; Mazur‐Bubak, 2020). In my article, I describe the hidden means of propaganda employed by the Russian Federation that are additionally supported by a process of armament which cannot be classified as an act of disinformation. These actions aim at achieving a specific type of psychological vantage which stems from an atmosphere of fear, lack of trust, and enmity created within European societies as a result of the incoming information about Russia’s increasing military potential as well as new, dangerous means and resources that could be utilised in combat. Such an atmosphere is referred to as a “war in the head”, and it pertains to the personal belief that a military conflict is imminent, expressed by individual citizens including those in key public offices. This phenomenon, while bringing to mind Hobbes’ state of nature which encompasses the distinct readiness to fight, directly afflicts the internal and international security of European states. Such a situation directly afflicts the internal and international security of European states, for the state of fear and distrust leads to the dismantlement of public democratic institutions, and it does not help in the search for effective methods of solving either internal or global problems (Nussbaum, 2018).
Modern problems and prospects of small business development
Authors: Laypanova Zul`fiya
Published: January 2021

The article deals with the role and place of small-scale forms of management, which include peasant (farm) farms, personal subsidiary farms of the population (LPH), individual entrepreneurs (IE) operating in the sectors and spheres of agriculture, agricultural organizations with no more than one hundred employees. The author analyzes the dynamics of production indicators in households for 2016-2019, analyzes the dynamics of acreage and gross fruit and berry collections in households. Modern problems of small businesses and prospects for their development are also identified.
Financial aspects of business entities of the Republic of Crimea
Authors: Chelpanova Marina
Published: January 2021

The article reveals the role of finance in the activities of modern business entities, considers various sources of business financing and the need to attract them. On the example of the Republic of Crimea, an analysis of the financial results of the business sector in the context of economic sectors was carried out, an assessment of their impact on the formation of the regional budget was given. The peculiarities of the use of borrowed and attracted capital by entrepreneurs of the region are disclosed, the results of monitoring the national project, as well as state and regional programs of their financial support are presented. On the basis of the study, proposals were made to improve the financial support system for the entrepreneurial sector of the Republic of Crimea.
The problem of normative determination of processes of legitimation of authority in Russia
Authors: Burkin Dmitry
Published: January 2021

The article studies social norms as a special kind of determinants of public consciousness and finds that in modern society there is an institutional distribution of normative systems that legitimize power. At the same time, formal institutions are normalized by law, informal ones are normalized by morality. Normative determination in most developed countries of the world has a rational formal legal nature and is made up of value regulators of world pictures, regulators of social subordination and hierarchy, and regulators of behavior. It is shown that the political practices of our time presuppose continuous interaction between society and the institutions of power, the search for legitimate practices, a single, least contradictory social request that this power is able to satisfy.
Actor-network theory in studies of the nation and nationalism: the methodological aspect
Authors: Maltsev Konstantin , Alaverdyan Artem
Published: January 2021

Methodological provisions of B. Latour's actor-network theory: methodically grounded doubt in the conceptual reality and reality of the social, the need to distinguish between the social in social relations and the social in associations, the methodological requirement of "symmetry in the interpretation of nature and society" and the related new understanding of the social actor, are essentially close to the influential constructivist (R. Brubaker) approach in understanding the nation and the national. The article analyzes the relationship between "categorical" and "network" concepts in the study of the nature of "national", methodological problems of "compatibility" of actor-network and constructivist approaches to building the concept of "nation"; the conclusion is drawn that the permissibility of "methodological syncretism" is limited to the area of practical-oriented "empirical generalizations" that guide the political practice of nation-building and the regulation of national conflicts.
Human rights as a problem of M. Gorky's journalism
Authors: Postolyako Larisa , Novikova Svetlana
Published: January 2021

The authors characterize M. Gorky's views on the relationship of natural law, culture and freedom. It is traced the connection between the worldview position of the writer and the European tradition of philosophical and legal thinking, the classical doctrine of human rights. Authors prove the ideological attitudes of Gorky, which are reflected in the fundamental human rights system built by the writer. The principle of the unity of the legal, moral and religious aspects of the consciousness of the individual is substantiated.
The First Painted Image of America in Europe: A Detail from Pinturicchio’s Resurrection in the Sala dei Misteri
Authors: Rubiano Andrés H.
Published: January 2021

The article analyses the Resurrection of Christ, a fresco commissioned from Pinturicchio by Pope Alexander VI in 1492 as part of his project to renovate the Borgia Apartments in the Vatican. The analysis focuses on a detail of the painting: the figures of what seems to be a group of indigenous warriors located at the centre of the fresco. The main purpose of the paper is to identify the iconographic meaning and sources of this particular image. The central claim is that Pinturicchio used specific scenes from Christopher Columbus’s Diario to create, biased by a misconception of the New World, the first painted image of America in Europe.
The Teaching of The Speaking Skill Using The Audio-Oral Method for The Students of Islamic Senior High School of Zainul Hasan Genggong Probolinggo
Authors: Farid Edi Kurniawan , Ni'mah Mamluatun , Arifah Nur
Published: January 2021

This research aims to know the teaching of the speaking skill using the audio-oral method for the students of Islmic Senior High School of Zainul Hasan Genggong Probolinggo and to know its problems. This qualitative research used observation, interview, and documentation to collect data. To analyze the data, this research based on three basic things, data reduction, data presentation, and extrapolation. And, to measure the validity of the data, this research used triangulation. The results of this research are the teaching of the speaking skill using the audio-oral method for the students of Islmic Senior High School of Zainul Hasan Genggong Probolinggo by giving the dialogues, then translates them and represents the pronunciation in the Arabic dialect, which the students hear and then imitate afterwards sometimes the tape recorder used for improving the arabic speaking skill correctly while teaching continued with more exercises in various Arabic dialogues. The problems of the teaching of the speaking skill using the audio-oral method for the students of Islmic Senior High School of Zainul Hasan Genggong Probolinggo consist of three basic problems which are related to the language environment, the local language, the monotonic teaching method and learning media.
Capacidade institucional dos serviços de saúde antes, durante e após a implantação do Modelo de Atenção às Condições Crônicas (MACC)
Authors: Rodrigues Cláudia Ferreira Melo , Cardoso Clareci Silva , Baldoni Nayara Ragi , D’Alessandro Thays Aparecida Leão , Quintino Nayara Dornela , Noronha Kenya Valeria Micaela de Souza , Resende Laíse Oliveira , Andrade Monica Viegas
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar a capacidade institucional dos serviços de saúde na percepção dos profissionais no contexto da implantação do Modelo de Atenção às Condições Crônicas explorando as diferenças entre as unidades básicas de saúde. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de painel com avaliação antes (2013), durante (2015) e após (2018) a implantação do Modelo de Atenção às Condições Crônicas (MACC) no sistema de saúde com foco em três condições crônicas: Diabetes Mellitus, Hipertensão e gestantes. Nos três momentos, os profissionais de saúde das unidades da atenção primária e especializada avaliaram a capacidade institucional por meio do instrumento Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (ACIC). Resultados: Após a implantação do MACC observa-se um aumento estatisticamente significativo dos escores do ACIC para todas as dimensões em todas unidades de saúde. Conclusão: Na avaliação dos profissionais foi evidenciado ganho importante na capacidade institucional do município para o cuidado das condições crônicas após intervenção no sistema de saúde.
Doação de órgãos: dilemas dos familiares na doação de órgãos
Authors: Amazonas Martha Alves de Moraes , Dos Santos Jéssica Silva , Araujo Jhones Coelho , Souza Antônia Thalya Alves da Conceição , Coelho Matheus Branches , Dos Santos João Paulo Silva , De Souza Eliton José Franco , Silva Warlem Gomes Costa , Castilho Nayara Maria Oliveira , Figueiredo Silvana Nunes
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Investigar a hesitação que levam os familiares em negar-se em consentir a doação de órgãos de seu ente querido e descrever os fatores envolvidos no processo de doação de órgãos e tecidos. Salientando a importância do papel da enfermagem no processamento da doação de órgãos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo exploratório onde se optou por métodos de Revisão Integrativa de Literatura (RIL). Resultados: Entre os fatores relacionados à recusa familiar para a doação, estão: desconhecimento sobre morte encefálica, crenças e religiões, a relação do profissional com a família, o desconhecimento da vontade do falecido, ainda em vida, de querer ser doador, conflitos familiares e questões emocionais. Considerações finais: Conclui-se que com a perda do ente querido, os familiares vivem um luto doloroso. Desta forma, o profissional devidamente capacitado poderá ajudar a família no ato de permitir a doação, esclarecendo toda e qualquer dúvida que possa surgir durante o processo.
Association of Antioxidant to the Genesis of Psychiatric Disorder
Authors: Ranjit S. Ambad  , Sonal Muley  , Lata Kanyal Butola  , Ajinkya S. Ghogare
Published: January 2021

Mental disorders were associated with a wide range of chronic illnesses, disability, and even mortality, particularly among elderly people. Depression will be the second cause of disease. Anxiety is an emotional state of antipathy in which the sense of fear is disproportionate to the magnitude of the risk. Enzymatic antioxidants like SOD, GPx, and non-enzymatic antioxidants such as vitamin C, E act as free scavengers, thereby reducing oxidative stress and resulting in cell injury. Thus, we aimed to study SOD, GPx, Vitamin C, and Vitamin E, 1. To study levels of SOD, GPx, Vitamin C, and Vitamin E in psychiatric disorders.2. To study the levels of Vit-C and E before and after vitamin supplementations. To correlate the levels of SOD, GPx, Vitamin C, and Vitamin E between psychiatric patients and healthy controls (age-matched) attending AVBRH Wardha and SMHRC Nagpur. This cross-sectional examination was completed on 50 psychiatric patients and 50 healthy controls and the levels of SOD, GPx, Vitamin C, and Vitamin E are measured before and after giving supplements. In Psychiatric patients, Superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were 135.26±24.68, Glutathione Peroxidase levels were 1.591±3.35, Vitamin C levels were 0.32±0.11 and Vitamin E levels were 4.302±1.54, which is lower than the normal range. The present study concludes that antioxidant plays a major role to fight against oxidative stress. So proper antioxidant should be taken.
Hepatoprotective Activity of Cassia Auriculata against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Jenila Jose Jancy V  , Kalaichelvan V  , Balakrishnan N
Published: January 2021

In previous decade the herbal drugs have been investigated for their medicinal properties for the natural therapy. About half of the people around the world, even in the developed countries had been using the medicinal plants and natural drugs as treatment of diseases. In this regard the herbs should also be investigated for their pharmacological properties, safety concerns and efficacy too. In the present investigation, we have believed medicine and inhibiting potential effects of extract of C. auriculata was investigated for the hepatoprotective activity. This study facilitated to rediscover the new ancient medication for the treatment of liver diseases. The plant C.auriculata  showed very good activity in terms of the hepatoprotective nature against the liver injury by chornic use of drugs which is due to the anti-inflammatory properties added to the antioxidant activity of the herbs. These were to prevent the CCl4 induced free radicals and damage. The formation of cellular damage and free radicals was inhibited. The data that we procured from the investigation shows that the antioxidant activity of the plant in both extracts of plant helped for the activity. It may contain large amounts of the phenols and flavonoids that showed free radial scavenging activity which might be responsible for the hepatoprotective activity also.
Method development and validation of amlodipine and cilnidipine in human plasma by using liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Muni Krishnaiah A  , Rama Chandraiah C  , Srinivas M  , Devanna N
Published: January 2021

Amlodipine and Cilnidipine in K2EDTA plasma were determined by Liquid Chromatography and Tandem Mass Spectrometry. To improve LC separation and detection sensitivity for the LC-MS technique interface of contiguous stationary phases and LC gradients were enhanced. For separation Acetonitrile was used as eluent. Reversed phase C8 and C18, X-bridge columns were utilized. Telmisartan was used an Internal Standard in this process. For elution Telmisartan needs acidic PH but Amlodipine and Cilnidipine needs neutral PH, dilution with H2O for supernate get afterward extraction. The standards were separated in existence of Telmisartan as internal standard from Amlodipine and Cilnidipine by LC-MS/MS using the MRM transitions. The extracted ion chromatograms were considered from peak ratio of analyte to internal standard. Human plasma without analytes, and solutions containing analytes without human plasma were also analysed. To determine the stability analyte was kept in steady state at room temperature for 24 hrs in plasma. The instrument had operating in positive ion mode. The product ion mass spectra of Amlodipine were 409.1→237.7 and Cilnidipine was 493.2 →117.1. Quadratic regression was used to generate calibration curve by the Analyst 1.5 software program. To obtain the linear response the concentration range is 1-1000ng/mL. For each analyte intra (n=6/batch, 3 days) and inter-batch (n=18) accuracy and precision values were obtained.
Umiędzynarodowienie jako mit funkcjonalny i modus operandi w polu szkolnictwa wyższego krajów nordyckich
Authors: Musiał Kazimierz
Published: January 2021

Tematem artykułu jest uprawomocnienie imperatywu umiędzynarodowienia w instytucjach szkolnictwa wyższego państw nordyckich. Są to państwa osiągające znaczne sukcesy na niwie gospodarczej i społecznej, mające jednocześnie, podobnie jak Polska, status półperyferyjny w stosunku do światowych imperiów wiedzy. Z tego powodu ich strategie mogą stanowić ciekawą ramę odniesienia dla zjawisk zachodzących w naszym kraju. Badanie koncentruje się na celach i motywach działań na rzecz umiędzynarodowienia, ale też na sposobach ich habitualizacji i instytucjonalizacji jako praktykach zarządzania organizacjami w szkolnictwie wyższym. W szczególności podjęta zostaje kwestia legitymizacji zmian instytucjonalnych za pomocą zracjonalizowanego mitu, który wytwarza dyspozycję do określonych działań praktycznych, zmian procedur i postaw. Zaczerpnięte z krajów nordyckich przykłady empiryczne pozwalają na analizę przyczyn tego stanu rzeczy, rozwiązań praktycznych oraz strategii rozwijanych w uwarunkowaniach półperyferyjnych. W konkluzji wspomniane zostają najnowsze kierunki w nordyckich strategiach umiędzynarodowienia, które mogą być przedmiotem refleksji bądź inspiracją dla innych państw.
Co liczyć i z kim się liczyć? Produktowa i nieproduktowa aktywność naukowa w kontekście uczelni badawczej – perspektywa kluczowych grantobiorców
Authors: Pokorska Anna
Published: January 2021

Pod wpływem zmian społeczno-gospodarczych uniwersytety w coraz mniejszym stopniu działają jak wspólnoty uczonych, a w coraz większym jak aktorzy organizacyjni, których charakteryzuje przede wszystkim rozliczalność z efektów zaplanowanych działań i wpisana w to walka o pozycję i prestiż. W kierunku transformacji uniwersytetów w racjonalną organizację zmierzają również reformy szkolnictwa wyższego w Polsce. Wymagają one zwiększenia jakości prowadzonych badań, mierzonej publikacjami w czasopismach indeksowanych przez międzynarodowe bazy periodyków naukowych, wymuszają konkurencję, na przykład poprzez wprowadzenie konkursu na wyłonienie tzw. uczelni badawczych. Dla akademików oznacza to zmianę akcentów w ocenie pracy naukowej: normy środowiskowe zastępowane są formalnymi regulacjami o charakterze audytu. Celem artykułu jest, ugruntowana w badaniach empirycznych, odpowiedź na pytanie o to, jak odbierane są zachodzące zmiany. Materiał empiryczny zbierany był w toku badania jakościowego (17 indywidualnych wywiadów pogłębionych). Respondentami byli ponadprzeciętnie aktywni badacze regularnie pozyskujący granty na badania naukowe ze środków zewnętrznych, czyli osoby, na których coraz częściej koncentruje się polityka kadrowa uniwersytetu jako organizacji. Wyniki badania pokazują, że transformacja uniwersytetu w aktora organizacyjnego oznacza, że jest on postrzegany przede wszystkim jako pracodawca. W tej perspektywie rozliczalność jest dwustronna: uniwersytet egzekwuje efekty od pracowników, ale pracownicy oczekują od pracodawcy organizacyjnych i kulturowych ram do ich osiągania.
Doktoranci w procesie (ciągłych) zmian – prawnych, społecznych, tożsamościowych. Analiza form i celów kształcenia doktorantów w Polsce w latach 2005–2020
Authors: Kola Anna
Published: January 2021

W artykule zaprezentowano główne założenia form kształcenia doktorantów, realizowanych w Polsce na przestrzeni ostatnich piętnastu lat, w tym najnowszych, czyli szkół/kolegiów doktorskich, które, zgodnie z Ustawą 2.0, mogą być kreowane przez uczelnie w sposób autonomiczny. Różnorodność form nakłada się na proces różnicowania modeli uczelni w Polsce, a także odrębność tożsamościową i wzrastającą mobilność doktorantów, tworzących świat młodej nauki, oparty na, być może, innych zasadach i wartościach. Tekst jest próbą opisu zarówno modeli kształcenia, jak i specyfiki tej kategorii społecznej. W artykule znajdują się odwołania do wniosków z badań dotyczących doktorantów studiujących w Polsce i za granicą oraz dyskursu na temat jakości kształcenia doktorantów.
Ecos sobre o Fim e a Terra Nenhuma como destino próximo: Resenha de um Quase Manifesto
Authors: Fernandes Maurício
Published: January 2021

Resenha do livro: OLIVEIRA, Jelson; VASCONCELOS, Thiago; FROGNEUX, Nathalie. Terra Nenhuma: Ecopornografia e Responsabilidade. Caxias do Sul: EDUCS, 2020, pp. 64.
Nem utopia nem distopia: Propostas para um futuro bom de ser vivido
Authors: Lisboa Marijane Vieira
Published: January 2021

Esse artigo examina a crítica de Hans Jonas à utopia marxista, questionando os limites ecológicos existentes para se atingir o ideal de uma sociedade de abundância e afirma que sua concepção de uma vida módica e respeitadora daqueles limites coincide com as tendências e propostas mais avançadas que surgiram nos últimos tempos como alternativas ao crescimento e ao desenvolvimento
Filosofia e liberdade: a vida partejando Vida, ou sobre o estudar/lecionar filosofia filosoficamente
Authors: Araújo Silva Marcos Érico de
Published: January 2021

O artigo procura meditar a imbricação de filosofia e liberdade como e enquanto um movimento desde a vida indeterminada ou apática para a singularização de uma Vida determinada, qualificando-a como Vida filosófica. Vida filosófica como perfazendo um modo de ser no estudar/lecionar filosofia filosoficamente. Esta forma de Vida filosófica imita o modo de ser de toda obra filosófica consagrada pela Tradição: em tudo que o filósofo diz, pensa, ou escreve está em jogo o movimento do caçar a mesmidade da filosofia. O estudo filosófico da filosofia se empenha não nas muitas filosofias, mas na análise meditativa de uma filosofia, e, a partir do aprendizado da tematização do mesmo que aí acontece, então, acessamos todas as filosofias a partir de uma filosofia. Por fim, dialogaremos com Hannah Arendt sobre seu testemunho do magistério de Heidegger. Muitos filósofos contemporâneos, clássicos na História da Filosofia, foram seus alunos comprovando a eficácia do magistério heideggeriano. Por que no atual contexto brasileiro de discussões sobre Filosofia do Ensino de Filosofia isto tem surpreendentemente tão pouca repercussão e valorização?