bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CFD simulation and PIV validation of the gas/liquid behavior in an UASB reactor
Authors: D’Bastiani Camila , Alba Jéferson Luis , Mazzarotto Gabriel Tomazzoni , Farias Neto Severino Rodrigues , Torres Ana Paula Rodrigues , Beal Lademir Luiz
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT As the world population increases, the need to develop more efficient wastewater treatment systems requires the use of new technologies. Software aided project and optimization of bioreactors and bioprocesses have become a matter of interest in recent years, especially due to the advance in the state-of-the-art of computational resources. This work aimed to perform gas/liquid numerical simulations using the Fluent 16.2 software and to validate this model through Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and shadow imaging techniques. Eulerian-Eulerian, laminar, tridimensional and transient simulations were carried out. The results for the mass imbalance for the gas and liquid phases, gas volumetric fraction, gas velocity, bubble size, liquid magnitude and upflow velocity and the velocity profiles for the liquid phase were successfully validated against experimental data. Concerning the dispersed phase, it was found a difference of 4.37% for the gas volumetric fraction between experiments and simulations. Simulated results showed a difference for the bubble mean velocity of 1.73% when compared with shadow imaging results. No coalescence was observed along the experiments, and the flow regime was characterized as dispersed bubble flow. Regarding the liquid phase, it was found a difference of 3.2% for the mean velocity, between simulated and PIV results. Simulated and experimental velocity profiles showed a better agreement at the center of the reactor. Some differences were observed in those profiles, due to geometry simplifications assumed in order to get a better mesh. Considering the good agreement between simulation and experiments, the model was considered validated.
Aproveitamento de água pluvial e sua relação com ações de conservação de água: estudo de caso em hospital universitário, São Carlos (SP)
Authors: Gaitán María Camila Perdomo , Teixeira Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento
Published: March 2020

RESUMO A implantação de sistemas de aproveitamento de águas pluviais (SAAPs) em edificações com alto consumo de água, como estabelecimentos hospitalares, pode trazer benefícios tanto econômicos aos usuários como ambientais. No entanto, é considerada por alguns como a última ação a implementar na conservação da água nessas instituições, recomendando-se, em um primeiro momento, ações de diminuição de consumo. Por isso, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial de economia de água decorrente da implantação de um SAAP como alternativa de abastecimento de água e estabelecer comparações com ações de diminuição de consumo, tendo como objeto de estudo o Hospital Universitário (HU), da Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Paulo. Para tanto, foi adotada uma metodologia baseada no balanço hídrico em função das demandas de água para diferentes usos no HU e em relação às edificações atualmente em funcionamento e ampliações futuras, previstas em dos fases; análises do tamanho ótimo de armazenamento e avaliação da redução de consumo com um maior controle das perdas e a substituição de tecnologias existentes por dispositivos economizadores nos mesmos períodos. Com a determinação da relação oferta-demanda, a implantação do SAAP evidenciou um potencial de economia de água de 57% do consumo com as instalações atualmente em funcionamento e de 19% do consumo final projetado para o final das ampliações, enquanto as ações de diminuição apontaram valores de 37 a 24% para os mesmos cenários. Procedimentos combinados de aproveitamento de águas de chuva e diminuição de consumo de água podem economizar entre 71% do consumo atual e 39% no final de projeto, níveis considerados significativos e que refletem a necessidade do gerenciamento estratégico da água que promovam benefícios financeiros, ambientais e sociais.
Uso do fosfogesso como fonte de sulfato para bactérias redutoras de sulfato em um reator contínuo de leito fluidizado
Authors: Melgaço Lucas Antonio de Oliveira , Quites Nayara Carolina , Leão Versiane Albis
Published: March 2020

RESUMO O fosfogesso (FG) é um dos principais subprodutos da produção de ácido fosfórico para fertilizantes. Esse sólido é constituído principalmente de sulfato de cálcio di-hidratado, podendo conter também metais tóxicos e acidez residual (pH 2-3). A disposição em pilhas próximas às usinas é o principal método de disposição, entretanto isso não soluciona os problemas ambientais, uma vez que pode haver lixiviação das pilhas de resíduo pela água da chuva, contaminando o solo e os corpos d’água. Portanto, a disposição do FG é um desafio para a indústria de fertilizantes. O FG pode ser utilizado como fonte de sulfato para a produção de sulfeto em reatores anaeróbios, utilizando bactérias redutoras de sulfato (BRS). O sulfeto gerado pode ser utilizado posteriormente para a produção de enxofre elementar ou usado na precipitação de metais de transição. No presente trabalho, avaliou-se a viabilidade do uso do FG como fonte de sulfato para as BRS em um reator contínuo de leito fluidizado alimentado com glicerol p.a. como substrato, e estudou-se a influência da variável tempo de detenção hidráulica (TDH) real no processo de biorredução do sulfato. Este último foi determinado em 15 ± 2,6 e 9,7 ± 1,2 h, respectivamente, para os valores teóricos de 10 e 8 horas, a partir do uso de cloreto de lítio como traçador. Para a razão DQO/SO4 2- igual a 1,9, obteve-se remoção de sulfato de 73 ± 11 e 75 ± 12%, respectivamente, para os TDHs 15 ± 2,6 e 9,7 ± 1,2 h. As taxas de remoção específicas de sulfato foram de 0,106 ± 0,04 e 0,179 ± 0,07 gSO4 2-/gSSV.d, respectivamente, para os TDHs 15 ± 2,6 e 9,7 ± 1,2 h.
Solubility and availability of micronutrients extracted from silicate agrominerals
Authors: Marchi Giuliano , Guelfi-Silva Douglas Ramos , Malaquias Juaci Vitória , Guilherme Luiz Roberto Guimarães , Spehar Carlos Roberto , Martins Eder de Souza
Published: March 2020

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the solubility of the micronutrients copper, nickel, and zinc, chemically extracted from silicate agrominerals, as alternative sources of potassium for lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and rice (Oryza sativa) cultures, as well as their availability to the plants. The micronutrient contents of five agrominerals (alkaline ultramafic, biotite schist, volcanic breccia, phlogopite schist, and mining by-product from Chapada) were evaluated, after being extracted by the citric acid, hydrochloric acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, 3051A, neutral ammonium citrate, and Mehlich-3 methods. The agrominerals, at the doses of 0 (control), 200, 400, and 600 kg ha-1 K, were mixed to soil where lettuce and rice were cultivated. The agrominerals presented a low solubility of Ni, Cu, and Zn, with lower contents in lettuce shoots and rice grains than the corresponding soluble standards in sulfate form. The availability of micronutrients to the plants increased with the use of agrominerals, in comparison with the control. Similarities were observed in micronutrient solubility and availability between the different groups of agrominerals. The solubility and availability of Cu, Ni, and Zn depend on the solubility of the minerals that compose the agrominerals.
Nursing diagnoses and NIC interventions in adult males undergoing radical prostatectomy
Authors: Kocaçal Elem , Karadağ Ezgi
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine NANDA-I nursing diagnoses and NIC nursing interventions in patients who underwent radical prostatectomy. Method: A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted in a research and teaching hospital in western Turkey between June 2016 and June 2017. The sample included adult patients diagnosed with prostate cancer in the immediate postoperative period of radical prostatectomy. Data collection was performed using Gordon’s Functional Health Patterns, NANDA-International and Nursing Interventions Classification Taxonomy Systems. Results: Participants were 54 adult patients. The main nursing diagnoses were in the classes of “physical injury”, “self-care”, “hydration” and “physical comfort”. Some nursing diagnoses were identified in all patients, namely: “risk for deficient fluid volume”, “risk for imbalanced fluid volume”, “impaired urinary elimination”. The most selected NIC interventions were in the classes of “risk management”, “elimination management”, “coping assistance”, “tissue perfusion management” and “self-care facilitation”. Conclusion: future studies with larger populations are needed to explore the nursing diagnoses and effects of nursing interventions on patients who underwent radical prostatectomy.
Use of home visits in pediatric severe asthma: randomized controlled trial*
Authors: Bresolini Daniela Soares Rosa , Queiroz Mônica Versiani Nunes Pinheiro de , Gaspar Guilherme Rache , Reis Luísa Diniz , Araujo Alisson , Lasmar Laura Maria De Lima Belizário Facury
Published: March 2020

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of home visits in a group of children and adolescents with severe asthma by using the inhalation technique score and adherence rates to drug treatment. Method: A 12-month randomized controlled trial involving patients aged between three and 17 years under regular follow-up treatment at a pediatric pulmonology outpatient clinic of a university hospital in southeastern Brazil. A group of patients received only outpatient consultations and the other group received home visits from nurses in addition to outpatient consultations. The differences between groups were analyzed through the outcomes of inhalation technique scores and treatment adherence rate. Results: Participation of 29 patients. In the intervention group, there was a statistically significant increase in inhalation technique scores (p<0.05) and elimination of critical errors between the first and the second evaluation, and results were maintained in the third evaluation. In the control group, there were no significant changes in inhalation technique scores. Rates of adherence to drug treatment in both groups did not rise. Conclusion: Home visits were effective for improving inhalation technique scores in patients with severe asthma. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials: RBR-8GZWZP.
A novel method for designing thermo-active retaining walls using two-dimensional analyses
Authors: Sailer Eleonora , Taborda David M.G. , Zdravković Lidija , Potts David M.
Published: March 2020

Thermo-active retaining walls are geotechnical structures employed as heat exchangers to provide low carbon dioxide heating and cooling to buildings. To assess the thermo-mechanical response of such structures, finite-element (FE) analyses are typically carried out. Due to the presence of heat exchanger pipes, the temperature distribution along the width of the wall is not uniform, implying that these problems are three-dimensional (3D) in nature. However, performing 3D FE analyses including elements to model the heat exchanger pipes to simulate the advective conductive heat transfer as well as thermo-hydro-mechanical coupling to reproduce the non-isothermal soil response accurately requires considerable computational effort. In this work, a novel approach to simulate thermo-active walls in 2D analyses was developed, which requires the sole use of thermal boundary conditions. This approach was found to reproduce average wall behaviour computed in 3D to a high degree of accuracy for numerous wall geometries, a wide range of thermal properties of soil and concrete, and different thermal boundary conditions along the exposed face of the wall. In addition, out-of-plane effects recorded in 3D analyses were assessed and an accurate simplified procedure to account for these when performing 2D analyses was developed.
A Survey on Illicit Drug Use among University Students by Binary Randomized Response Technique: Crosswise Design
Authors: ÖZGÜL Nilgün
Published: March 2020

This paper aims to introduce Randomized Response Techniques (RRT’s) and show that how RRT’s are implemented in surveys in which sensitive behaviors are investigated. For this purpose, the most popular designs of the Binary RRT are summarized and an experimental study is conducted on drug use among dormitory students at a public university in Ankara, Turkey. Despite the wide applicability of the drug use studies in Turkey, surprisingly any applications using indirect questioning techniques are not observed in the literature. In this study, for the first time, drug use behavior is investigated with Crosswise design which is the most frequently used indirect questioning technique and indirect questioning method (Crosswise design) is compared with direct questioning method to evaluate the effectiveness of the RRT. Results revealed that when Crosswise design is provided on asking sensitive questions, considerably minor response refusals are happened and significantly higher drug-use estimates are observed.
Artificial Neural Networks Based Decision Support System for the Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: KARAPINAR ŞENTÜRK Zehra
Published: March 2020

Machine learning methods have been frequently used for the diagnosis of several diseases recently because of its reliability and convenience. In this paper, a comprehensive overview of the literature related to diabetes and diabetic retinopathy has been done and diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy disease is investigated. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) method has been applied to the problem using Rapid Miner, a data mining tool. Some other methods have also adapted to the problem, but ANN based detection approach gave the best results. 88.52% sensitivity has been obtained using the features of Messidor dataset. Besides showing the success of ANN in diabetic retinopathy detection, this study also proved that Rapid Miner can be used effectively for the analysis of diabetic retinopathy.
Influence of Ca2+ and Zr4+ codoping on the optical characteristics of Gd3Al2Ga3O12:Ce single-crystal
Authors: Kasimova V. M. , Kozlova N. S. , Buzanov O. A. , Kozlova A. P. , Zabelina E. V.
Published: March 2020

Scintillation materials that can convert absorbed high-energy particles into photons of visible radiation find many applications, in particular in modern methods of medical imaging. Gd3Al2Ga3O12 : Ce is promising single crystal for use as a detecting crystal element of the positron emission tomographs due to its unique properties: high density, high light output, radiation hardness, etc. However, its scintillation kinetics currently limit the use of this crystal. Changing of these kinetics by codoping becomes a priority task, which is considered in many papers. The literature data analysis showed that the optical characteristics of such codoped crystals were not well enough studied or were not investigated at all. In this regard, the spectral dependences of transmission, absorption and reflection are measured using optical spectroscopy for Gd3Al2Ga3O12:Ce, Gd3Al2Ga3O12 : Ce,Ca and Gd3Al2Ga3O12 : Ce,Zr. Dispersion dependences of refractive in dices are obtained by approximating the refractive indices measured using the Brewster method. The approximation was carried out using the Cauchy equation. The material constants of this equation are estimated.
Effect of Trust Transfer on Purchasing Intention in Airbnb: A Perceived Value Perspective
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Um Tae-Hyee , Rhee Ju-Mi , Chung Nam-Ho
Published: March 2020

Today the sharing economy has rapidly developed into one of the most popular business models in the e-commerce space. Among them, Airbnb generated huge revenue in the second quarter of 2016, and since 2008 its value has risen to more than $30 billion. It is expected to generate $350 billion in revenue by 2025, and Airbnb is recognized as the largest accommodation-sharing company for people using the sharing economy. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether trust transfer in Airbnb affects product purchase intention. Specifically, this study refers to the Trust Building Model (TBM) based on previous studies and considers factors such as benefits (perceived reputation, perceived site quality, perceived information quality) and cost (risk of perceived web use). The effects of these factors on the transfer of trust were analyzed. As a result, all factors except the risk of perceived web use, which is an attribute of cost, had a significant effect on trust transition. Based on these results, this study suggests both theoretical and practical implications along with directions for future research.
Effect of Self-image Congruity and Functional Congruity on Brand Trust, Brand Attachment, and Brand Loyalty: A Case of Airline Brands
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Hur Seo-Young , Chun Byung-Gil
Published: March 2020

This study investigates the roles of self-image congruity and functional congruity of users in the airline brand loyalty formation process and verifies the difference between full-service airlines and low-cost carriers in the cause-effect relations of self-image congruity for airline brands, brand trust, and brand attachment. A total of 336 valid samples from consumers who had experienced flying with domestic airline companies in the previous three years were analyzed. The results of the study are as follows. First, it was found that both the functional congruity and self-image congruity had an impact on brand trust. Second, it was found that functional congruity did not affect brand attachment, while self-image congruity had an impact on forming brand attachment. Third, it was found that brand trust had an impact on brand attachment and brand loyalty. Fourth, it was found that there was no difference in the impact of self-image congruity on brand trust and brand attachment according to airline type. Based on the research results, implications on brand marketing for domestic low-cost carriers and full-service airlines are discussed.
A Study on the Effect of Capital Structure on Firm Performance in the Food Service Industry
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Shin Yong-Jae , Hong Mi-Young
Published: March 2020

This study examined the relationship between capital structure and performance of firms in the food service industry. The sample in the study is firm-year data compiled from 30 food service industry firms listed on the Korea Exchange from 2010 to 2018. A panel regression model was used for analysis considering that the sample has properties of the panel data. Dependent variables in our model were the proxies for the firm performance, such as stock price, return on assets, and return on equity. Explanatory variables were capital structure, such as total liability ratio, current liability ratio, and non-current liability ratio. In addition, control variables were selected as variables that were deemed to affect the firm performance, such as firm size, asset intensity, firm age, sales growth rate, and advertising expenses. We found that capital structure had a significant negative (-) effect on the financial and accounting performance of the firms. This implicates that, on the basis of the theory of trade-off capital structure, the firms use a relatively high level of debt compared to the optimal capital structure. Given that there have been few of studies on the relationship between capital structure and corporate performance of firms in the food service industry in Korea, this study is expected to contribute to activating research related to this area in the future.
Analysis of Satisfaction by Destination Composition Characteristics of Korean Inbound Package Tours: Focusing on the Number and Composition of Regions Visited in Korea
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Choi Seung-Mook
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze whether there is a difference in satisfaction of inbound group tourists to Korea depending on the destination composition of package tour products. In detail, this study analyzed the difference in the satisfaction of travel according to the number of regions visited and the difference in travel satisfaction according to the composition of the visited regions. For the analysis, package tour data were used from the raw data of the 2018 International Visitor Survey. As a result, there were statistically significant differences in overall satisfaction, immigration processes, getting directions, shopping, tourism information services, attractiveness of the tourist destinations, language communication, travel expenses, security, revisit intention, and recommendation intention according to the number of regions visited. There were also significant differences in the immigration processes, shopping, tourism information services, attractiveness of the tourist destinations, language communication, travel expenses, security, revisit intention, and recommendation intention according to the composition of the regions visited. Using the results of this analysis, this study suggests implications for inducing tourists to visit the regions and strategies for composing package tour products by travel agencies.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal association in Conocarpus erectus (Combretaceae) in mangroves from Yucatán, México
Authors: Ramírez-Viga Thai Khan , Ramos-Zapata José Alberto , Cáceres G.-Cantón Cristobal , Hernández-Cuevas Laura , Guadarrama-Chávez Patricia
Published: March 2020

Background: Soil flooding and salinity can be limiting for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), yet they are found in mangrove ecosystems. Arbuscular mycorrhizal association could influence the functioning of mangrove ecosystems, but little is known about its roll and balance in these dynamic systems.

Question: What is the status of the arbuscular mycorrhizal association in C. erectus under natural conditions?

Species study: Conocarpus erectus is a tree or shrub species that establishes in mangrove ecosystems and is tolerant to elevated levels of salinity and flooding.

Study site and dates: Three zones representing a range of conditions of salinity were selected in the Ría Lagartos Biosphere Reserve in Mexico, as well as two contrasting collecting seasons in 2009 and 2010: northwind season and drought season. 

Methods: Roots were sampled from C. erectus plants in each zone to evaluate the percentage of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization and rhizospheric soil samples were taken to evaluate AMF spore density and species richness. 

Results: The highest percentage of root colonization was recorded in the site of highest salinity during the northwind season, with this value decreasing in the drought season. The same seasonal pattern was observed in spore density. The highest richness was recorded in the site of lowest salinity in both seasons. A total of 16 AMF species were identified. 

Conclusions: The results suggest that seasonality, in its relation with soil salinity and soil water availability, can influence the development and symbiotic association of the AMF in mangrove associated communities dominated by C. erectus .
A note on sentencing practices for the offence of the unlawful possession of semi-automatic firearms
Authors: Du Toit Pieter Gerhardus
Published: March 2020

Violent crimes in South Africa are often accompanied by the possession or use of semi-automatic firearms. The Criminal Law Amendment Act 105 of 1997 (hereinafter, the CLA) provides for the imposition of minimum sentences for certain firearms-related offences. The question whether the minimum sentencing regime actually applies to the offence of the unlawful possession of a semi-automatic firearm lead to a number of conflicting judicial decisions by different High Courts. This note discusses the statutory interpretation challenges the courts had to grapple with regarding the interplay between the CLA and South Africa’s successive pieces of firearms legislation. The Supreme Court of Appeal ultimately found that the offence of the unlawful possession of a semi-automatic firearm must indeed be met with the prescribed minimum sentence. The recent sentencing practices of South African courts in respect of the unlawful possession of semi-automatic firearms within the framework of the CLA are analysed. From the investigation it is evident that courts are more likely to impose the minimum sentence in cases where the accused is also convicted of other serious offences such as murder and robbery. In such cases little attention is given to the firearm-related offences as the courts are more concerned with the cumulative effect of sentences imposed on different counts. In cases where the accused is convicted of the stand-alone offence of the unlawful possession of a semi-automatic firearm, the courts are nevertheless taking an increasingly unsympathetic stance towards offenders and terms of imprisonment in the range of seven to 10 years’ imprisonment is commonly imposed. In addition to the accused’s personal circumstances, one of the most important factors in deciding on an appropriate sentence are the explanation of how the unlawful possession came about. It seems that the judicial sentiment increasingly does not support the view that the possession of an unlicensed firearm should be treated as serious only if the weapon has been used for the commission of a serious crime.
ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN SERBEST ZAMANLARINDA FİZİKSEL ETKİNLİKLERE KATILIMLARINI ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLERİN İNCELENMESİ “BOLU ABANT İZZET BAYSAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ ÖRNEĞİ”
Authors: BAYDAR Murat Firat , AYCAN Ali , DOĞU Gazanfer
Published: March 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin serbest zamanlarında fiziksel etkinliklere katılımlarını etkileyen faktörlerin düzeylerinin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi’nin merkez yerleşkesindeki (Gölköy Kampüsü) fakülte ve yüksekokullarda öğrenim gören gönüllü 627 lisans öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verileri internet üzerinden katılım yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri Özbey (1994) tarafından geliştirilen “Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi öğrenci, akademik ve idari personelin serbest zamanlarında fiziksel etkinliklere katılma/katılmama nedenleri ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre öğrenciler, yaş, gelir düzeyi, fakülte, sınıf, katılım zamanı, katılım şekli ve katılım türü değişkenleri açısından SZFE’ye katılımlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklara sahiptir. Rekreasyon ve SZFE felsefesi, üniversite yönetimleri tarafından üniversite öğrencileri için akademik eğitimin bir parçası olarak algılanmalı, üniversite öğrencilerinin SZFE’ler ile ilgili farkındalıkları sağlanmalıdır.
Экономико-правовые методы противодействия налоговым правонарушениям
Authors: Дедова Татьяна Владимировна
Published: March 2020

Цель: определение причин уклонения от налогов и в соответствии с ними разработка мер, направленных государством на противодействие налоговым правонарушениям, а также обзор изменений законодательства, вводимых в Российской Федерации в текущем году, связанных с принятием мер против уклонения уплаты обязательных платежей. Обсуждение: налогообложение и налоговая политика являются мощными инструментами влияния на экономику страны. Налоговый механизм представлен как средство обеспечения безопасности, но одновременно он несет риски и представляет угрозу для государства в виде фальсификации налогооблагаемых сумм. В свою очередь, показатели экономической безопасности основываются на параметрах и величине бюджета. Определенную опасность для государства представляет уход от налогообложения организаций, вследствие чего в бюджет поступает меньше платежей. В результате государству приходится принимать определенные меры и бороться с недобросовестными налогоплательщиками. Кроме того, уклонение от уплаты налогов характеризует неэффективную налоговую систему, побуждающую налогоплательщиков уклоняться от налогообложения и применять на практике не правовые формы налоговой нагрузки. Известно, что в экономике нашей страны определённое место занимает теневой сектор. Государство теряет большое количество денежных средств за счет того, что из-под налогообложения выводятся теневые капиталы, которые часто являются финансовой опорой в организованной и спланированной преступности, а это создает реальную угрозу экономической безопасности страны. Именно поэтому сегодня изучение этого вопроса является важнейшей задачей для исследования. Результаты: в результате проведенного исследования получен перечень причин уклонения от налогов и способов противодействия им. В статье представлена нормативная база, реализуемая в разных сценариях уклонения от уплаты налогов в России. Представлен обзор последних изменений законодательных актов Российской Федерации, в том числе ещё не вступивших в действие, которые способствуют повышению налоговых сборов.
Налоговая политика в области инвестиций как фактор экономического развития России
Authors: Качур Оксана Викторовна , Фурсова Ирина Александровна
Published: March 2020

Цель: оценить действующие инструменты налоговой политики в области инвестиций и определить их приоритетные направления. Обсуждение: поскольку налоги составляют значительную долю общего дохода в экономике, следует предпринимать попытки использовать их как для перераспределения доходов, так и для влияния на темпы роста экономики. Все это может быть обеспечено при условии модернизации производственного потенциала. В основе этих преобразований ле­жит инвестиционная деятельность. Возродить реальный сектор экономики возможно только при условии наращивания инвестиций и совер­шенствования их структуры. Налоговая политика в области инвестиционной дея­тельности способна оказать существенное влияние на экономическое пове­дение хозяйствующих субъектов, воздействуя на принятие ими решений относительно направлений и величины инвестиций. Результаты: проанализированы особенности государственного регулирования налоговой политики в области инвестиций; выявлена роль отдельных налогов в государственном регулировании инвестиционной деятельности; даны рекомендации по совершенствованию отдельных элементов налоговой политики в качестве реального стимула к вовлечению компаний в осуществление инвестиционной деятельности.
Validación de materiales didácticos de ELE adaptados al contexto cubano
Authors: Quintana Polanco Mileidis , Miyares Peña Alejandro
Published: March 2020

This paper presents the results of a research project carried out by the Center for Applied Linguistics (CLA) of Santiago de Cuba (2017-2018) and presents the experiences obtained in the implementation and validation of an Spanish as foreign language (SFL) course: ESPIRAL (levels A1-A2) that was developed with the new approach known as task-based language teaching method of teaching and is contextualized in the Cuban cultural sphere. The use of procedures and instruments such as the formative evaluation sheets for student use, the teacher's class diary and the experts' criteria supported the data collection, reflection and decisions making during the work with the different teaching units and, finally, the necessary modifications and readjustments to the teaching contents could be made to ensure the effectiveness of the learning. As an essential conclusion, it has been verified that the validation process, with the support of the tools used, guarantees a greater degree of adaptation of the materials to the needs of the students.
A protocol for rapid detection of the 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 using CRISPR diagnostics: SARS-CoV-2 DETECTR v1
Authors: Biosciences Mammoth , P. Broughton James , Deng Wayne , L. Fasching Clare , Singh Jasmeet , Y. Chiu Charles , S. Chen Janice
Published: March 2020

***DISCLAIMER: This protocol has not been approved by the FDA and should not be used as a clinical diagnostic*** Introduction Given the global health emergency, rapid transmission, and severe respiratory disease associated with the outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), Mammoth Biosciences has reconfigured our DETECTR platform to rapidly and accurately detect SARS-CoV-2 using a visual lateral flow strip format within 30 minutes from sample to result. To ensure specificity of detection, we selected a high-fidelity CRISPR detection enzyme and designed sets of gRNAs that can either 1) differentiate SARS-CoV-2 or 2) provide multi-coronavirus strain detection. SARS-CoV-2 DETECTR couples CRISPR detection with isothermal pre-amplification using primers based on protocols validated by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and World Health Organization (WHO). Currently in the United States, the CDC SARS-CoV-2 real-time RT-PCR diagnostic panel has a laboratory turnaround time of approximately 4-6 hours, with results that can be delayed for >24 hours after sample collection due to shipping requirements. In addition, these tests are only available in CDC-designated public health laboratories certified to perform high-complexity testing. Mammoth is working to enable point of care testing (POCT) solutions that can be deployed in areas at greatest risk of transmitting SARS-CoV-2 infection, including airports, emergency departments, and local community hospitals, particularly in low-resource countries. Leveraging an “off-the-shelf” strategy to enable practical solutions within a short time frame, we describe here a protocol that is fast (<30 min), practical (available immediately from international suppliers), and validated using contrived samples. Acknowledgements: We thank Vikram Joshi, Nefeli Tsaloglou and Xin Miao for advice and helpful discussions in the preparation of this whitepaper. Conflicts of Interest: JPB, CLF, JS and JSC are employees of Mammoth Biosciences, CYC is on the Scientific Advisory Board of Mammoth Biosciences, and JSC is a co-founder of Mammoth Biosciences. JPB, CLF, JS, CYC and JSC are co-inventors on CRISPR-related technologies.
Effects of electrical neuromodulation on Craving, Relapse and Cognitive Functions among Patients with Cocaine Use Disorder: A Multi-Session tDCS Study v1
Authors: Verveer Ilse
Published: March 2020

Background: The use of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) has previously shown promising results for reducing craving in cocaine use disorder. In this study we assessed therapeutic and behavioural effects of multi-session tDCS to further explore the potential of tDCS as add-on intervention in the treatment of cocaine use disorder. Methods: In a randomized, placebo-controlled, between subject study, we applied tDCS bilaterally with the anodal electrode targeting the right DLPFC (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03025321). Patients with cocaine use disorder were allocated to ten sessions of either active tDCS (n = 29) or sham tDCS (n = 30) on five consecutive days. Inhibitory control and risky decision-making were measured via a Go-NoGo task and a two-choice gambling task, respectively, each at baseline, one day after all tDCS sessions and a follow up after three months. In addition, relapse at follow-up and craving were measured. Results: There was no significant effect of active tDCS on the number of relapse days and craving. Relapse was frequent among patients who had received either active or sham tDCS (48.0% and 69.2%, respectively), despite an overall decrease in craving during the first two weeks of treatment. An additional analysis revealed that active tDCS significantly reduced relapse rates for crack cocaine use only (n = 36). No effects were found on cognitive functions. Conclusion: Although somewhat promising results were obtained regarding relapse among cocaine users, we believe that further research is required to consolidate the use of tDCS as a complementary treatment in cocaine use disorder.
Deep learning in rare disease. Detection of tubers in tuberous sclerosis complex v1
Authors: Sanchez Fernandez et al Ivan
Published: March 2020

Code and results for the article "Deep learning in rare disease. Detection of tubers in tuberous sclerosis complex".
Data for manuscript: Selection of forage oat genotypes through GGE Biplot and BLUP v1
Authors: Santos Franklin , Marza Felix
Published: March 2020

In Bolivia, there is a low predominance of forage oat productivity. Therefore, it was proposed to select more productive and stable genotypes through statistical methods of GGE Biplot and BLUP. The research was conducted in three environments in Bolivia and six commercial varieties of forage oats were evaluated; three of them correspond to INIA Peru and the rest of Bolivia. Data were analyzed through GGE Biplot and BLUP (Best Linear Unbiased Prediction) and an average yield of 10.29 ±3.51 t ha−1 of dry matter was obtained. BLUP accumulated greater variance than GGE Biplot in the first two components. In terms of productivity and stability values, both models have the same selection trend. Thus, Tayco and Texas were selected for their outstanding characteristic in dry matter yield and phenotypic stability.
Budgetary Policy of Ukraine in the Sphere of Expenditure as a Basis for Prospective Economic Development
Authors: Cheberyako O. , Klekota O.
Published: March 2020

The main trends of budgetary policy in the sphere of expenditures are investigated as a basic condition for improvement of the system of management of budgetary expenditures. The structure of budget expenditures at different levels and the main directions of using budget expenditures are analyzed. The main measures of the state policy of Ukraine in the sphere of expenditures are revealed, depending on the cooperation with the IMF, as well as the proposals on amendments to the normative-legal acts of Ukraine in the field of program-target method and budget planning. General scientific and special methods of research, methods of grouping, classification and graphical representation of the achieved results are used. The information base of the research is the normative and legislative acts that regulate the financial policy of the state and, at the same time, the budgetary policy; monographs and articles of domestic and foreign economists in professional economic publications; materials of scientific conferences and seminars on budget policy.
TOPICAL ISSUES OF TOBACCO PRODUCTS’ ILLICIT TRADE
Authors: Naglis Valdis
Published: March 2020

Criminal offences related to the illicit movement of tobacco products are among the most complex forms of crime affecting not only the state but also the economic processes in it. Via the development of modern technologies, it becomes more wide-spread, latent, and more influential as a result of international communication and transnational activities. Recently, the topicality has increased concerned with the illicit production of tobacco products, people who engage in this type of illegal activities get caught more and more frequently. The aim of the research: to study the norms of the Criminal Law article regarding the illegal circulation of tobacco products, to express an opinion on the improvement necessity of the Criminal Law norm, to find possible identification of the most significant problems related to it, as well as to make proposals for a more effective solution of this issue.
SUPERVISION OF THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
Authors: Ziemele Inara
Published: March 2020

Almost six years have passed since Zolitūde tragedy and more than five years – since the new construction regulations have come into force, but the process of responsibility definition in construction is still topical. The supervision of construction process. requires checking.The aim of paper is to summarize and analyse information about how supervision of the construction process works now and how it is going to change or is necessary to be to changed.The methods of historical, teleological, systematic text condensation, analysis and comparative analysis of research, information analysis and summarising about how supervision of the construction process works now and how it is going to change or is necessary to be changed are used.The main conclusion shows that the construction process norms of supervision should be laid down in a single normative act in order to avoid duplication and partial interpretation, because the normative acts contain contradictions between the norms of different legal force and also in one norm.
CORRELATION OF THE RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENTS’ SERIES IN VISUALIZATION OF PAPILLAE PATTERN PRINTS AND THEIR RECOVERY FROM A DECEASED HUMAN SKIN
Authors: Zīle Aelita
Published: March 2020

The phenomenon of human skin bears in the fact that in commitment of a crime it may be at the same time both a traceforming object and a trace-bearing object. Therefore, the presence of papillae pattern prints on human (victim) skin has long been of experts’ interest. Several experimental series have been conducted with the aim of finding the most optimal method for visualization and recovery of papillae pattern prints from a deceased human skin. One such experimental series was also carried out by the author of the paper.The aim of this paper is to correlate the results of experimental series. The following tasks were set to achieve the aim: to summarize the raw data and the results of the experimental series; to study and analyze common and different in raw data; to study and analyze the potential impact of differences in raw data on the outcome; to study and analyze raw data that can and cannot be influenced. The problem of the study is the divergence of views and opinions concerning the theoretical and practical aspects of the method applied. The novelty of the study is in analysis of raw data and results of experimental series, correlation of results.Analyzing the raw data of the experimental series and the results obtained by the author and foreign researchers it was stated that both similar and different raw data were used in the experimental series; there were experimental series where more raw data were used than in other experimental series; a difference was found between theoretical and practical aspects.
Capgras syndrome developing within the context of early-onset schizophrenia
Authors: KARA Aziz , ÖNDER Arif
Published: March 2020

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Endemik bölge olmayan Erzurum’da histopatolojik tanı koyulan kutanöz leishmania hastalarının incelenmesi
Authors: KURT Ali , ÖZMEN Sevilay , CEYLAN Onur
Published: March 2020

Amaç: Erzurum’da son 12 yılda 33 hastada histopatolojik olarak kutanöz leishmaniasis tanısı konulmuş olup özellikle bunlardan büyük bir çoğunluğu son yıllarda gözlenmiştir. Bölgemizde daha önce leishmaniasis vakalarına çok fazla rastlanılmadığından görülme sıklığındaki bu artışın nedenlerini araştırmaya karar verdik. Özellikle klinik ve mikrobiyolojik olarak tanı konulamayıp histopatolojik olarak tanı konulan bu 33 vaka üzerinden yola çıkarak leishmaniasisi çevre şartları ve epidemiyolojik özellikleriyle birlikte incelemeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Erzurum’da iki farklı merkezde son 12 yılda işleme alınarak değerlendirilen deri biyopsilerine ait patoloji raporları incelendi ve bulgular listelenerek istatistiksel inceleme yapıldı. Bulgular: Hastalardan birçoğu, hastalık taşıyıcısı Phlebotumusların yaşamalarına elverişli olmayan bölgelerden gelmişti. Yaş ortalamaları diğer serilerden yüksekti. Bu nedenle endemik bölgelere yapılan seyahatlerin etkili olabileceği düşünüldü. Sonuç: Ülkemizde son yıllarda leishmania türlerinde değişiklikler (leishmania majör gibi) gözlenmesi, klinik ve mikrobiyolojik bulgulardaki değişimi de beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu nedenlerle özellikle son yıllarda klinik ve mikrobiyolojik olarak tanı konulamayıp patoloji bölümlerine gönderilen biyopsi sayısında artış görülmektedir. Bu sebepten dolayı klinik bulguların da patologlarca iyi bilinmesi gerekmektedir. Biz de bu konunun hem histopatolojik hem de epidemiyolojik özellikleri ile ele alınması, ciddi bir salgın ihtimaline karşı daha detaylı incelenmesi gerektiğini düşünmekteyiz.
Amelioration of anosmia after removal of an olfactory groove meningioma via pterional approach
Authors: ÖZÖNER Barış , AYDIN Seçkin
Published: March 2020

Anosmia is one of the early symptoms of olfactory groove meningiomas (OGM) and the postoperative recovery of anosmia is accepted to be unexpected. A 42-year-old female patient presented with bilateral anosmia, and visual field field defects. Radiological examination revealed a large OGM with significant peritumoral edema. The tumor was totally resected through the pterional approach, with the meticulous preservation of the left olfactory nerve. Visual field disturbances improved in the early postoperative period. Furthermore, olfaction recovered in the left nostril at the 6-month follow-up. Despite the common belief that anosmia persists after OGM surgery, with preservation of ofactory nerves, olfaction can be recovered in rare cases.
Effects of glutamine and β-hydroxy β-methyl butyrate on methotrexate induced intestinal mucositis
Authors: ALAKAYA Mehmet , ÇITAK Elvan Çağlar , TAŞKINLAR Simge , YILMAZ Sakir Necat , ÖZÇİMEN Ahmet Ata , ÇİMEN Mehmet Yavuz Burak
Published: March 2020

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate preventing effects of Glutamine (Gln) and β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on methotrexate induced intestinal mucositisMaterials and Methods: Fifty Wistar albino rats were divided into 5 groups (G). Group G1 defined as control and G2 was the methotrexate (MTX) treated group. The group G3, G4 and G5 were MTX plus Gln, Mtx plus HMB, MTX plus Gln and HMB respectively. Distilled water was applied by gavage to the first 2 groups. Rat received intraperitoneal injections of MTX at the third day. On the fifth day intestinal tissue samples were obtained. Results: The G5 had similar results with the G1 group in the crypt length. According to Park scoring, G1 and G5 were both the highest scores among five study groups. When the tissue was inspected by caspase-3 coating, the lowest apoptotic rate is found in the G5. Conclusion: This research showed that the combination of Gln and HMB use is more effective then the separate use of both chemicals.
Cancer incidence and survival analysis among elderly people in Bingol province
Authors: METE Burak , SÖYİLER Vedat , BUZGAN Bilal
Published: March 2020

Purpose: Cancer is an important public health problem in Turkey and in the world. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of cancer in the elderly population over the years, to evaluate the direction of change in cancer incidence, and to investigate the distribution of cancer types in the elderly population and their effect on survival.Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in 2019. The study was conducted on the data of 596 cancer patients over 65 years of age collected between 2013 and 2016. Pearson’s chi-square test, Cox regression analysis, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used for data analysis.Results: The mean age of the patients was 74 years. (394) 66.1% of the patients were male and (202) 33.9% were female. 47.7% (284) of the patients died during the follow-up period. Cancers were most commonly originated from the gastrointestinal tract. Respiratory cancers had the highest rate of mortality during the follow-up period. Cancer incidence had an increasing trend during the follow-up period. It was found that surgical treatment significantly contributed to survival and reduced mortality risk by 2.8 fold. Chemotherapy was also found to reduce mortality risk by 1.2 fold.Conclusion: The incidence of cancer is increasing in the elderly population. Gastrointestinal cancers are the most common cancers in the elderly population, but the highest rate of mortality is observed in respiratory cancers. It can be recommended that cancer screening should be effectively performed and disseminating healthy aging strategies in the elderly population.