bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ClickHouse - Lightning Fast Analytics for Everyone
Authors: Schulze Robert , Schreiber Tom , Yatsishin Ilya , Dahimene Ryadh , Milovidov Alexey
Published: November 2024

Over the past several decades, the amount of data being stored and analyzed has increased exponentially. Businesses across industries and sectors have begun relying on this data to improve products, evaluate performance, and make business-critical decisions. However, as data volumes have increasingly become internet-scale, businesses have needed to manage historical and new data in a cost-effective and scalable manner, while analyzing it using a high number of concurrent queries and an expectation of real-time latencies (e.g. less than one second, depending on the use case).

This paper presents an overview of ClickHouse, a popular open-source OLAP database designed for high-performance analytics over petabyte-scale data sets with high ingestion rates. Its storage layer combines a data format based on traditional log-structured merge (LSM) trees with novel techniques for continuous transformation (e.g. aggregation, archiving) of historical data in the background. Queries are written in a convenient SQL dialect and processed by a state-of-the-art vectorized query execution engine with optional code compilation. ClickHouse makes aggressive use of pruning techniques to avoid evaluating irrelevant data in queries. Other data management systems can be integrated at the table function, table engine, or database engine level. Real-world benchmarks demonstrate that ClickHouse is amongst the fastest analytical databases on the market.
PALF: Replicated Write-Ahead Logging for Distributed Databases
Authors: Han Fusheng , Liu Hao , Chen Bin , Jia Debin , Zhou Jianfeng , Teng Xuwang , Yang Chuanhui , Xi Huafeng , Tian Wei , Tao Shuning , Wang Sen , Xu Quanqing , Yang Zhenkun
Published: November 2024

Distributed databases have been widely researched and developed in recent years due to their scalability, availability, and consistency guarantees. The write-ahead logging (WAL) system is one of the most vital components in a database. It is still a non-trivial problem to design a replicated logging system as the foundation of a distributed database with the power of ACID transactions. This paper proposes PALF, a Paxos-backed Append-only Log File System, to address these challenges. The basic idea behind PALF is to co-design the logging system with the entire database for supporting database-specific functions and to abstract the functions as PALF primitives to power other distributed systems. Many database functions, including transaction processing, database restore, and physical standby databases, have been built based on PALF primitives. Evaluation shows that PALF greatly outperforms well-known implementations of consensus protocols and is fully competent for distributed database workloads. PALF has been deployed as a component of the OceanBase 4.0 database and has been made open-source along with it.
ResLake
: Towards Minimum Job Latency and Balanced Resource Utilization in Geo-Distributed Job Scheduling
Authors: Zhang Xinchun , Kashaf Aqsa , Zou Yihan , Zhang Wei , Liao Weibo , Song Haoxiang , Ye Jintao , Li Yakun , Shi Rui , Tian Yong , Feng Wei , Chen Binbin , Chen Zuzhi , Zhang Tieying , Tang Yongping
Published: November 2024

At internet scale companies like ByteDance, data is generated and consumed at enormously high speed by many different applications. Achieving low latency on such big data jobs is an important problem. However, the naive approach of aggregating all the data required by a job to a single location is not always feasible in a geo-distributed environment. Similarly, existing approaches in geo-distributed job scheduling often try to minimize WAN usage, which may come at the cost of latency. Another crucial element to ensure low latency is resource load balancing among DCs, which enables flexibility in job scheduling and avoids resource bottlenecks. Therefore, to minimize latency, optimizing job completion time (JCT) while maintaining resource utilization balance is important. To this end, we propose
ResLake
, a global scheduling platform for data-intensive workloads. ResLake aims to reduce JCT of geo-distributed applications while balancing the compute (CPU/Memory) and storage (Disk) usages across DCs and efficiently using WAN interconnections. We have deployed ResLake in ByteDance's production for over 1.5 years. ResLake has scheduled billions of jobs since its deployment. We find that ResLake improves JCT of jobs by at least 20%, and can improve resource utilization balance across DCs by up to 53%.
Resource Management in Aurora Serverless
Authors: Barnhart Bradley , Brooker Marc , Chinenkov Daniil , Hooper Tony , Im Jihoun , Jha Prakash Chandra , Kraska Tim , Kurakula Ashok , Kuznetsov Alexey , McAlister Grant , Muthukrishnan Arjun , Narayanan Aravinthan , Terry Douglas , Urgaonkar Bhuvan , Yan Jiaming
Published: November 2024

Amazon Aurora Serverless is an on-demand, autoscaling configuration for Amazon Aurora with full MySQL and PostgreSQL compatibility. It automatically offers capacity scale-up/down (i.e., vertical scaling) based on a customer database application's needs. For customers with time-varying workloads, it offers cost savings compared to provisioned Aurora or other alternatives due to its agile and granular scaling and its usage-based charging model. This paper describes the key ideas underlying Aurora Serverless's resource management. To help meet its goals, Aurora Serverless adapts and fine tunes well-established ideas related to resource over-subscription; reactive control informed by recent measurements; distributed & hierarchical decision-making; and innovations in the DB engine, OS, and hypervisor for efficiency. Perhaps the most challenging goal is to offer a consistent resource elasticity experience while operating hosts at high degrees of utilization. Aurora Serverless implements several novel ideas for striking a balance between these opposing needs. Its technique for mapping workloads to hosts ensures that, in the common case, there is adequate spare capacity within a host to support fast scale-up for a workload. In the rare event this is not so, it live migrates workloads to ensure seamless scale-up. Its load distribution strategy is characterized by "unbalancing" of load across hosts to enable agile live migrations. Finally, it employs a token bucket-based rate regulation mechanism to prevent a growing workload from saturating its host faster than live migration-based remedial actions.
Presto's History-Based Query Optimizer
Authors: Shankhdhar Pranjal , Liu Feilong , Narale Jay , Sun James , Schlussel Rebecca , Antova Lyublena
Published: November 2024

An important feature of modern query optimizers is the ability to produce a query plan that is optimal for the underlying data set. This requires the ability to estimate cardinalities and computational costs of intermediate query plan nodes, which is highly dependent on both the query shape and the underlying data distribution. Traditional methods include collecting statistics on base tables and implementing cardinality and computational cost derivation inside the optimizer, which is error-prone for complex query shapes. This paper presents Presto's novel history-based optimization framework (HBO), which collects execution histories and uses them to optimize similar queries in the future. The framework produces accurate estimates for complex query shapes in a lightweight, automated manner, and adapts automatically to changes in underlying data distributions. We present the design and implementation of the HBO framework and provide details on its use in various optimization rules, as well as details on implementing the statistics store on top of a Redis key-value store. We also present the results of running HBO in production in two large data infrastructure organizations (Meta and Uber).
Lindorm-UWC: An Ultra-Wide-Column Database for Internet of Vehicles
Authors: Ouyang Qianyu , Shen Chunhui , Yang Wenlong , Yu Peng , Xiao Qiang , Lei Jianhui , Chen Yadong , Zhong Qilu , Wang Xiang , Lin Yong , Meng Qingyi , Ji Zhicheng , Meng Wei , Zheng Cen , Wang Sheng , Pei Dan , Zhang Wei , Li Feifei , Zhou Jingren
Published: November 2024

In the Internet of Vehicle (IoV) systems, intelligent vehicles generate huge amounts of data that supports diverse services and applications. In practice, database systems are deployed in the cloud to manage data uploaded from the vehicle side and provide real-time query capacities. However, existing database systems are ill-suited because IoV data contains a large number of metrics and is written at an extremely high throughput. To better understand IoV data and corresponding challenges to underlying database systems, we conduct the first extensive empirical study of real-world IoV workloads. According to our findings from the study, we design Lindorm-UWC as a superior database for IoV systems. It implements a distributed architecture and a cold/hot data separation mechanism to accommodate massive amounts of IoV data. In each data partition, it deploys an ultra-wide-column storage engine to efficiently handle the query and ingestion of multi-metric data. We evaluate Lindorm-UWC under different data scales and various types of query. Our experimental results show that it can always achieve higher write throughput (over 79% increase) and competitive query performance compared to various alternative solutions. Lindorm-UWC has been serving IoV enterprise customers on Alibaba Cloud since 2019, managing tens of petabytes of IoV data.
Native Distributed Databases: Problems, Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Xu Quanqing , Yang Chuanhui , Zhou Aoying
Published: November 2024

Native distributed databases, crucial for scalable applications, offer transactional and analytical prowess but face data intricacies and network challenges. Under the CAP theorem's constraints, latency and replication issues necessitate creative approaches to maintenance, security, and upgrades. Progress in consistency algorithms, network technology, automation, and machine learning for optimization presents significant potential. Embracing hybrid transactional/analytical processing (HTAP), these databases represent an evolutionary leap in data management, aiming to reconcile performance with the complexities inherent in distributed environments. OceanBase is introduced as a case study, and its strong TPC-C and TPC-H benchmark performances underscore Ocean-Base as a top-tier distributed database. We also discuss possible opportunities for native distributed databases.
Workload Placement on Heterogeneous CPU-GPU Systems
Authors: Carvalho Marcos N. L. , Simitsis Alkis , Queralt Anna , Romero Oscar
Published: November 2024

The popularity of heterogeneous CPU-GPU processing has increased considerably in recent years. To efficiently utilize heterogeneous resources, data processing systems depend on an appropriate workload placement strategy to assign the right amount of compute to the right processor. However, finding an optimal placement strategy is not trivial due to various complex and conflicting tradeoffs related to the characteristics of processors, the nature of the workload, and data locality. In addition, placement decisions impact workload runtime and performance cost, and also depend on the availability of potentially different implementations for CPUs and GPUs, which adds extra complexity in such heterogeneous environments. In this tutorial, we review and compare state-of-the-art strategies for workload placement on heterogeneous CPU-GPU architectures, along with runtime prediction techniques and methods to support multi-device code. We also discuss open issues and identify potentially promising future research directions.
BFTGym: An Interactive Playground for BFT Protocols
Authors: Qin Haoyun , Wu Chenyuan , Amiri Mohammad Javad , Marcus Ryan , Loo Boon Thau
Published: November 2024

Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) protocols serve as a fundamental yet intricate component of distributed data management systems in untrustworthy environments. BFT protocols exhibit different design principles and performance characteristics under varying workloads and fault scenarios. The proliferation of BFT protocols and their growing complexity have made it increasingly challenging to analyze the performance and possible application scenarios of each protocol. This demonstration showcases
BFTGym
, an interactive platform that allows audience members to (1) evaluate, compare, and gather insights into the performance of various BFT protocols under a wide range of conditions, and (2) prototype new BFT protocols rapidly.
Demonstrating TabEE: Tabular Embedding Explanations
Authors: Copul Roni , Frost Nave , Milo Tova , Razmadze Kathy
Published: November 2024

We present TabEE,
Tab
ular
E
mbedding
E
xplanations, a framework designed to generate explanations for interpreting tabular embedding models. Our framework aims to furnish both local and global explanations for the original data, facilitating the detection of potential flaws in embedding models. TabEE is versatile and compatible with any tabular embedding algorithm, as it adheres to the black box perspective of embedding models. The generated explanations also enable comparisons between multiple embedding models. This demonstration illustrates the effectiveness of TabEE in providing interpretable insights into tabular embedding models, contributing to improved model understanding and credibility assessment.
Rodeo: Making Refinements for Diverse Top-K Queries
Authors: Campbell Felix S. , Stoyanovich Julia , Moskovitch Yuval
Published: November 2024

Database queries are commonly used to select and rank items. With the increasing awareness of diversity, ensuring a diverse output (i.e., the representation of different groups in the top-
k
positions) becomes essential. To address this challenge, we present Rodeo, a system that generates minimal modifications to queries to enhance the diversity of the ranking they produce based on constraints over groups' representation in the top-
k
for various
k
values.
A Demonstration of TENDS: Time Series Management System Based on Model Selection
Authors: Yao Yuanyuan , Dai Shenjia , Li Yilin , Chen Lu , Li Dimeng , Gao Yunjun , Li Tianyi
Published: November 2024

The growth in sensor technologies, IoT devices, and information systems has opened up new opportunities for managing time series data across various domains. Despite significant progress, existing time series management systems face two crucial limitations: insufficient functionality and inadequate adaptability. This highlights the need for more comprehensive systems that not only improve data quality and analysis but also effectively manage the variety and volume of time series data.

This paper presents TENDS, a time series management system based on model selection. TENDS uniquely combines advanced functionalities for imputation, prediction, and anomaly detection, offering a comprehensive analysis of time series data. It features (i) an effective model selection mechanism to adapt to various data types and to improve efficiency; (ii) fourteen state-of-the-art prediction methods and three state-of-the-art imputation methods; and (iii) a dynamic expert knowledge base for anomaly detection, evolving continuously with new data to ensure accuracy. TENDS boasts a comprehensive suite of visualization tools. With its configurable offline and online interfaces, TENDS (i) provides extensive flexibility in model selection and parameter adjustment, (ii) facilitates easy visualization of training results, and (iii) supports real-time documentation and statistical analysis of time series.
Rock: Cleaning Data with both ML and Logic Rules
Authors: Bao Zian , Bie Binbin , Fan Wenfei , Li Daji , Li Mengyun , Lin Kaiwen , Lin Wei , Liu Peijie , Liu Peng , Lv Zhicong , Ouyang Mingliang , Sun Chenyang , Tang Shuai , Wang Yaoshu , Wei Qiyuan , Wu Xiangqian , Xie Min , Zhang Jing , Zhao Runxiao , Zhu Jie , Zhu Yilin
Published: November 2024

We demonstrate Rock, a system for cleaning relational data. Rock highlights the following unique features: (1) it extends logic rules by embedding machine learning models as predicates, to benefit from both ML and logic deduction; (2) it supports entity resolution, conflict resolution, timeliness deduction and missing data imputation in a unified process; and (3) it provides parallelly scalable algorithms for rule discovery, error detection and error correction, in batch and incremental modes. We will demonstrate Rock for its (a) easy-to-use interface, (b) scalability when cleaning large datasets, (c) accuracy for detecting and correcting errors across multiple tables, and (d) applications at banks and HR departments.
LakeCompass: An End-to-End System for Data Maintenance, Search and Analysis in Data Lakes
Authors: Chai Chengliang , Deng Yuhao , Zhan Yutong , Cao Ziqi , Zhang Yuanfang , Cao Lei , Wang Yuping , Zhang Zhiwei , Yuan Ye , Wang Guoren , Tang Nan
Published: November 2024

Searching tables from poorly maintained data lakes has long been recognized as a formidable challenge in the realm of data management. There are three pivotal tasks: keyword-based, joinable and unionable table search, which form the backbone of tasks that aim to make sense of diverse datasets, such as machine learning. In this demo, we propose LakeCompass, an end-to-end prototype system that maintains abundant tabular data, supports all above search tasks with high efficacy, and well serves downstream ML modeling. To be specific, LakeCompass manages numerous real tables over which diverse types of indexes are built to support efficient search based on different user requirements. Particularly, LakeCompass could automatically integrate these discovered tables to improve the downstream model performance in an iterative approach. Finally, we provide both Python APIs and Web interface to facilitate flexible user interaction.
DOP-SQL: A General-Purpose, High-Utility, and Extensible Private SQL System
Authors: Yu Jianzhe , Dong Wei , Fang Juanru , Sun Dajun , Yi Ke
Published: November 2024

Differential privacy (DP) has garnered significant attention from both academia and industry due to its potential in offering robust privacy protection for individual data during analysis. With the increasing volume of sensitive information being collected by organizations and analyzed through SQL queries, the development of a general-purpose query engine that is capable of supporting a broad range of SQLs while maintaining DP has become the holy grail in privacy-preserving query release.

In this demonstration, we present DOP-SQL, a DP SQL system that can answer a broad class of queries consisting of the selection, projection, aggregation, join, and group by operators. DOP-SQL has integrated a suite of down-neighborhood optimal DP mechanisms, thus achieving state-of-the-art utility. The current implementation of DOP-SQL is based on PostgreSQL, but its extensible feature allows it to be used in conjunction with any standard SQL engine.
CyNetDiff: A Python Library for Accelerated Implementation of Network Diffusion Models
Authors: Robson Eliot W. , Reddy Dhemath , Umrawal Abhishek K.
Published: November 2024

In recent years, there has been increasing interest in network diffusion models and related problems. The most popular of these are the independent cascade and linear threshold models. Much of the recent experimental work done on these models requires a large number of simulations conducted on large graphs, a computationally expensive task suited for low-level languages. However, many researchers prefer the use of higher-level languages (such as Python) for their flexibility and shorter development times. Moreover, in many research tasks, these simulations are the most computationally intensive task, so it would be desirable to have a library for these with an interface to a high-level language with the performance of a low-level language. To fill this niche, we introduce CyNetDiff, a Python library with components written in Cython to provide improved performance for these computationally intensive diffusion tasks.
SketchQL Demonstration: Zero-Shot Video Moment Querying with Sketches
Authors: Wu Renzhi , Chunduri Pramod , Shah Dristi J , Aravind Ashmitha Julius , Payani Ali , Chu Xu , Arulraj Joy , Rong Kexin
Published: November 2024

In this paper, we will present SketchQL, a video database management system (VDBMS) for retrieving video moments with a sketch-based query interface. This novel interface allows users to specify object trajectory events with simple mouse drag-and-drop operations. Users can use trajectories of single objects as building blocks to compose complex events. Using a pre-trained model that encodes trajectory similarity, SketchQL achieves zero-shot video moments retrieval by performing similarity searches over the video to identify clips that are the most similar to the visual query. In this demonstration, we introduce the graphic user interface of SketchQL and detail its functionalities and interaction mechanisms. We also demonstrate the end-to-end usage of SketchQL from query composition to video moments retrieval using real-world scenarios.
FedSM: A Practical Federated Shared Mobility System
Authors: Wei Shuyue , Zhang Yuanyuan , Zhou Zimu , Zhang Tianlong , Xu Ke
Published: November 2024

Shared mobility leverages under-utilized vehicles to offer on-demand transport services by sharing vehicles among users. It strives to match supply with demand via a series of data-intensive operations such as supply prediction and task assignment. However, its full potential is often compromised in practice as most shared mobility platforms operate in isolation, leading to sub-optimal resource utilization. In this demonstration, we advocate a federated approach to shared mobility, which enhances its effectiveness by enabling optimizations across platforms while retaining their autonomy. We develop privacy-preserving operators and incentive mechanisms dedicated to supply prediction and task assignment in shared mobility and implement generic interfaces that support diverse prediction and assignment algorithms. We showcase the shared mobility system with real-world ride-hailing applications.
Pyneapple-G: Scalable Spatial Grouping Queries
Authors: Abdelhafeez Laila , Calderon-Romero Andres , Magdy Amr , Tsotras Vassilis J.
Published: November 2024

This paper demonstrates
Pynapple-G
, an open-source library for scalable spatial grouping queries based on Apache Sedona (formerly known as GeoSpark). We demonstrate two modules, namely,
SGPAC
and
DDCEL
, that support grouping points, grouping lines, and polygon overlays. The
SGPAC
module provides a large-scale grouping of spatial points by highly complex polygon boundaries. The grouping results aggregate the number of spatial points within the boundaries of each polygon. The
DDCEL
module provides the first parallelized algorithm to group spatial lines into a DCEL data structure and discovers planar polygons from scattered line segments. Exploiting the scalable DCEL, we support scalable overlay operations over multiple polygon layers to compute the layers' intersection, union, or difference. To showcase
Pyneapple-G
, we have developed a frontend web application that enables users to interact with these modules, select their data layers or data points, and view results on an interactive map. We also provide interactive notebooks demonstrating the superiority and simplicity of
Pyneapple-G
to help social scientists and developers explore its full potential.
PrismX: A Single-Machine System for Querying Big Graphs
Authors: Liu Shuhao , Liu Yang , Fan Wenfei
Published: November 2024

We demonstrate PrismX (PRAM with SSDs as Memory eXtension), a single-machine system for graph analytics. PrismX allows users to make practical use of existing PRAM algorithms without any change. To cope with the limited DRAM capacity, it employs NVMe SSDs as memory extension. Leveraging graph preprocessing, PrismX implements a series of system optimization strategies, which automatically and transparently adapt to the runtime workload, no matter whether the computation is CPU-bound or I/O-bound. We demonstrate PrismX for its (1) ease of programming by reusing PRAM algorithms, (2) efficiency by comparing with the state-of-the-art graph systems, single-machine or multi-machine, in-memory or out-of-core; (3) parallel scalability of in-memory PRAM algorithms, reducing runtime when more CPU cores are available; and (4) applications in credit risk assessment.
TimeCSL: Unsupervised Contrastive Learning of General Shapelets for Explorable Time Series Analysis
Authors: Liang Zhiyu , Liang Chen , Liang Zheng , Wang Hongzhi , Zheng Bo
Published: November 2024

Unsupervised (a.k.a. Self-supervised) representation learning (URL) has emerged as a new paradigm for time series analysis, because it has the ability to learn generalizable time series representation beneficial for many downstream tasks without using labels that are usually difficult to obtain. Considering that existing approaches have limitations in the design of the representation encoder and the learning objective, we have proposed Contrastive Shapelet Learning (CSL), the first URL method that learns the general-purpose shapelet-based representation through unsupervised contrastive learning, and shown its superior performance in several analysis tasks, such as time series classification, clustering, and anomaly detection. In this paper, we develop TimeCSL, an end-to-end system that makes full use of the general and interpretable shapelets learned by CSL to achieve explorable time series analysis in a unified pipeline. We introduce the system components and demonstrate how users interact with TimeCSL to solve different analysis tasks in the unified pipeline, and gain insight into their time series by exploring the learned shapelets and representation.
QuoteInspector: Gaining Insight about Social Media Discussions
Authors: Wu Peizhi , Zhang Yi , Tan Wang-Chiew , Ives Zachary G.
Published: November 2024

Our greatest source of insight into the real world today is via social media. Here, a major statement or quote by a public figure (world leader, politician, celebrity, scientist) can have wide-ranging impact, igniting extensive discussions and triggering reactions. It would be helpful to have
tools for monitoring, querying, and inspecting the "flow" of social discourse.
We introduce QuoteInspector, a system uniquely designed for efficient tracking and analysis of social media discussions around quotes. QuoteInspector leverages modern text embeddings and employs a clustering-based methodology for extracting topics from posts; it further integrates various NLP techniques for in-depth cluster analysis. Additionally, the system enhances the user experience by combining keyword- and relationship-based (structured) search for efficient and precise quote retrieval.
Das Pflichtexemplar in Nordrhein-Westfalen
Authors: Albrink Veronica , Ammendola Andrea , Herkenhoff Michael , Metzner Hannah , Olliges-Wieczorek Ute
Published: November 2024

Dieser Beitrag beleuchtet die neuen Herausforderungen, die den drei Landesbibliotheken in Nordrhein-Westfalen (NRW) durch das 2022 erlassene Kulturgesetzbuch NRW gestellt worden sind, und nimmt dabei Aspekte von Erschließung, Erhaltung und Digitalisierung des kulturellen schriftlichen Erbes in NRW in den Blick.
A metasurface with three different configurations for absorption, transmission or reflection of incident electromagnetic waves
Authors: Sarkar Sayan
Published: November 2024

This paper presents a metasurface with three different useable configurations. The full metasurface consists of a PTFE enclosure having 12 compartments sandwiched between two layers of 2D periodic metallic patterned FR-4 substrates. The PTFE compartments can be kept empty or filled with deionized (DI) water. The first configuration is achieved when all the compartments are kept empty, the second configuration is achieved when alternate compartments are filled with DI water, and the third configuration has all the compartments filled with DI water. In the first configuration, the metasurface acts as a normal electromagnetic (EM) wave reflector, in the second configuration it acts as a dual-band spatial passband filter which allows EM waves within certain frequency bands to pass through and in the third configuration, it acts as a multiband EM wave absorber. The metasurface can operate within the S and C microwave bands. The thickness of the entire structure is only 13.04 mm, which corresponds to around λ
0/3.7 (λ
0 is the free space wavelength at the highest operating band). The transmission and absorption bands have good angular stabilities up to an incident angle of 60°.
Stance expressions in legal academic discourse: A corpus-based analysis of legal journals
Authors: Li Jian , Ye Zhanglei
Published: November 2024

Unveiling public ideologies and values patterns in legal academic discourse, stance serves not only as an effective method for writers to convey their legal values and knowledge, but also as a crucial reference for readers to perceive legal academic texts. This study employs a corpus-based analysis to examine stance expressions in legal academic discourse. Utilizing three self-compiled corpora that encompass articles from the Annual Review of Law and Social Science, Artificial Intelligence and Law, and Regulation & Governance, Hyland’s stance analysis framework is applied to conduct a comparative analysis of hedges, boosters, attitude markers, and self-mentions across the journals. This study reveals the nature of cautiousness and emphasis on the value of legal academic discourse, as well as writing values and disciplinary themes articulated within varied contexts. This research addresses a gap in stance analysis concerning legal academic writing, offering valuable insights for both writers and readers in understanding and shaping public perceptions of legal knowledge.
On Kant’s Schema of Reality
Authors: Alavi Farhad
Published: November 2024

Kant defines the schema of reality as the continuous and uniform generation of a quantity ascribed to sensation through which it can more or less fill time. In this paper, I ask why Kant has to attribute uniformity to the schema of reality. Through an interpretation that takes the uniformity thesis as a crucial element in Kant’s formulation, I contend that, in contrast to prevailing scholarly literature, Kant’s schema of reality must be comprehended mathematically without relying on regulative principles of understanding like that of causality.
Kant’s Prize Essay and Nineteenth Century Formalism
Authors: Lawrence Richard
Published: November 2024

Kant’s Prize Essay of 1764 emphasizes the importance for mathematical cognition of manipulating signs according to rules, which has led some recent commentators to ask whether Kant’s position there is a species of mathematical formalism. While most have hesitated to find formalism in the Prize Essay, this hesitation derives from misconceptions about what formalists actually believe. I therefore examine some nineteenth century formalists who were in dialogue with Kant, using their views as a model against which to compare the Prize Essay. I argue that Kant’s view in the Prize Essay is continuous with their formalism, since the Prize Essay shares the essential aspects of their views about the sign-signified relation in mathematics and the role of signs in mathematical reasoning.
Metaphorical Idioms in Extended Conceptual Metaphor Theory
Authors: Kövecses Zoltán
Published: November 2024

In Extended Conceptual Metaphor Theory (Kövecses, 2020), I offered a comprehensive overhaul of “standard” conceptual metaphor theory. The present paper attempts to demonstrate how the new view of CMT can handle metaphorical idioms. To this end, I analyze four metaphorical idioms from the thematic area of money (throw money about, money slips through someone’s fingers, be a cash cow, money keeps someone/something afloat). The analysis assumes and starts out from the observation that money-related metaphors are based on two generic-level conceptual metaphors: money is a moving entity and money is a force. Extended CMT adds to CMT the notion of “mental space-level metaphors” that were largely ignored in “standard” CMT, but are given an important role in extended CMT. These are the metaphors that represent actual, contextual meanings in a metaphorical usage event. Traditional CMT-type analysis cannot account for the emergence of such idiomatic meanings because the mappings, or correspondences, of standard CMT work on a single, generic level (frame-, domain-, or even image schema level). However, the contextual meanings of naturally used metaphors (including those of metaphorical idioms) are much more information-rich and specific. The conceptual metaphors on the image schema, domain, and frame levels are offline structures in long-term memory, whereas the conceptual metaphors on the mental space level occur only online in working memory. In online communication, speakers mobilize the static image schema-, domain-, and frame-level metaphors at the mental space level, where they create highly specific mental space-level metaphors. Given this framework, it becomes possible to explain how and why the four metaphorical idioms have different contextual meanings (as represented by different mental space-level metaphors), but, at the same time, why they also share certain conceptual metaphors on the frame-, domain-, or image schema-level. Additionally, we gain new insight into how the emergence of novel metaphorical idioms occurs with the help of and constrained by a previously existing large system of hierarchically arranged conceptual metaphors.
Phraseological Quotations: Two Shavian Case Studies
Authors: Rodríguez Martín Gustavo A.
Published: November 2024

Phraseological Units (PUs) in a language often include quotations and the so-called authorial “winged words” (“geflügelte Worte” in Gläser 1986), which have a single known author. These units, by gaining popularity among the members of a community of speakers, take on a life of their own as PUs. This study illustrates how these quotations acquire meanings and uses that do not match those of the original formulation they derive from, which, in turn, sheds light on how linguistic expressions at large reach conventionalization through language change. Bernard Shaw (1856–1950) ranks high among the authors who have contributed most to the English Phrasicon. This study investigates two case studies where quotations by Shaw have made their way into the English language as PUs. These quotations, however, are often used, as we shall see, in a way that differs from the sense they had in their original context. This study analyses how some novel PUs are coined and can help us map the processes of semantic adaptation these PUs undergo as they become conventional. It also provides insights into what constitutes a PU and how their defining characteristics apply in these cases.
Between a rock and a hard place: the privatization or preservation of the commons in Spain in the long 19th century
Authors: Lana Berasain José-Miguel
Published: November 2024

This text reviews the transformations of the commons in Spain in the long 19th century based on the notion of “bundles of rights”. The contention is that the process of change was prompted by the clashes between alternative models, beginning with privatization or preservation and culminating in a complex landscape of property rights. In terms of privatization, several alternatives were advocated and eventually implemented, depending on the social groups that promoted them and their balance of power. In stylized form, two options that while not necessarily incompatible stand in opposition: on the one hand, privatization in the form of large property units with the land concentrated in the hands of an elite of creditors and investors, and on the other, small plots involving broader social participation and greater access. In turn, the preservation of communal lands did not rule out the privatization of their use, in some cases in favor of large industrial companies in the timber, resin, and cork sectors, and on other occasions in the service of social inclusion policies through the distribution of plots for their cultivation by the rural proletariat.
Synthesis, characterization and photo catalytic activity of silver nano particle derived from Arachis hypogaea L. seed peel extracts
Authors: Duraikannu Gajalakshmi , Periyasamy Velusamy , Kumar Subalakshmi , Bhat Mashooq Ahmad , Pandi Siva Karthik , Kaliamurthy Ashok Kumar
Published: November 2024

The study focuses on the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Arachis hypogaea L. seed peel extract (AHSPE) and evaluates their photocatalytic activity against Rhodamine B and Congo Red dyes. The synthesis involved reducing aqueous silver metal ions with AHSPE, characterized by various techniques including UV–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and FT-Raman spectroscopy. UV–visible spectroscopy indicated characteristic absorption peaks at 428 and 439 nm, confirming the formation of AgNPs. XRD analysis revealed an average particle size of 4.77–5.6 nm. FT-IR spectra identified biomolecules such as amines, peptides, amides, lactones, and polyphenols in the extract, acting as reducing and capping agents, thereby stabilizing the AgNPs. SEM analysis showed pristine silver nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 1 to 10 µm. The biosynthesized AgNPs demonstrated strong photocatalytic activity in degrading Rhodamine B and Congo Red dyes. This method did not use any synthetic reagents, making it an environmentally safe and cost-effective alternative for synthesizing silver nanoparticles. The process aligns with green chemistry principles, offering potential applications in photocatalysis and environmental cleanup. The study underscores the importance of biosynthesized nanoparticles due to their unique biological properties and the role of plant secondary metabolites in facilitating green synthesis.
Differential Intrinsic Firing Properties in Sustained and Transient Mouse αRGCs Match Their Light Response Characteristics and Persist during Retinal Degeneration
Authors: Werginz Paul , Király Viktoria , Zeck Guenther
Published: November 2024

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are the neuronal connections between the eye and the brain conveying multiple features of the outside world through parallel pathways. While there is a large body of literature on how these pathways arise in the retinal network, the process of converting presynaptic inputs into RGC spiking output is little understood. In this study, we show substantial differences in the spike generator across three types of αRGCs in female and male mice, the αON sustained, αOFF sustained, and αOFF transient RGC. The differences in their intrinsic spiking responses match the differences in the light responses across RGC types. While sustained RGC types have spike generators that are able to generate sustained trains of action potentials at high rates, the transient RGC type fired shortest action potentials enabling it to fire high-frequency transient bursts. The observed differences were also present in late-stage photoreceptor-degenerated retina demonstrating long-term functional stability of RGC responses even when presynaptic circuitry is deteriorated for long periods of time. Our results demonstrate that intrinsic cell properties support the presynaptic retinal computation and are, once established, independent of them.
La influencia de la cultura tributaria de los trabajadores en la declaración anual del Impuesto Sobre la Renta en México
Authors: Salazar Gómez Ana Jazmín , Haro Ruiz Miguel Ángel , Rivera Lima Lizette
Published: November 2024

The aim of the article is to explain the influence that exists on the level of tax culture with respect to obtaining a tax benefit derived from filing the annual tax income statement of workers in Mexico during 2022. It is a mixed investigation of explanatory scope and transversal cut whose variables were tax culture and tax benefit. It was found that attitudes, values ​​and beliefs that are part of the tax culture are more deeply rooted in workers who did file their annual income tax declaration. Likewise, there is a direct relationship between the tax culture and the fiscal benefit in tax returns, since the knowledge of personal and authorized deductions that the worker can make, as well as the voluntary filing for the annual income tax statement represents the actual worker's contributory capacity.
La influencia del dinero negro en las pymes. Puebla, México
Authors: Mejía Sánchez Edmundo , González Romero Miguel Ángel , Ablanedo Rosas Gerardo
Published: November 2024

The objective of this research is to understand the influence of black money on SMEs, to outline solutions to prevent and combat these illegal practices contributing to the strengthening of business responsibility and ethics. The methodology used is qualitative, based on the hypothetical deductive method applied in the field: the capital of the state of Puebla. The object of study is the influence of black money on SMEs. We consider black money to be money obtained illegally (drug trafficking, floor collection, clandestine marketing of fuels or any illicit activity) that comes from a legitimate source with the aim of “laundering” it, that is, disguising large amounts of cash as legal, which allows criminals to maintain control over their profits. The main finding is: 81% of SME owners are prone to use black money for the operation of their business.
Más Allá de las Medidas Tradicionales: Evaluación de Nudges en la Mitigación de la Corrupción y Deshonestidad
Authors: García Gonzalez Luis Rubén , Betancur Hinestroza Isabel Cristina
Published: November 2024

Corruption represents a significant global obstacle, adversely affecting political, economic, social, and environmental domains. It manifests in a variety of forms and contexts, requiring mitigation strategies, regulations, and policies that involve complex and structural adaptations. Within the field of behavioral economics, the innovative approach of using nudges has emerged—a methodology designed to alter human behavior in predictable ways without restricting available choices. When applied in an ethical context, these nudges have been used to correct improper behaviors such as dishonesty, bribery, and corruption. This study offers a detailed analysis of six research works focused on nudges specifically designed to address and reduce corrupt and dishonest behaviors, evaluating their effectiveness according to different theoretical frameworks. The study emphasizes the critical importance of considering cultural context and the specificities of each situation when implementing nudges, as well as the need to explore their applicability across diverse contexts to develop more robust methodologies.
РОЛЬ ОРГАНІВ МІСЦЕВОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ УКРАЇНИ У ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННІ ПРАВ І СВОБОД ВНУТРІШНЬО ПЕРЕМІЩЕНИХ ОСІБ: ТЕОРЕТИКО-ПРАВОВИЙ АНАЛІЗ
Authors: СЕЛІХОВ Дмитро
Published: November 2024

Проаналізовано роль органів місцевого самоврядування в Україні у забезпеченні прав і свобод внутрішньо переміщених осіб (ВПО). Докладно розглянуто теоретичні основи правового статусу ВПО, законодавчу базу України щодо захисту їхніх прав, повноваження і практичний досвід діяльності місцевих органів у цій сфері. Виявлено проблеми, з якими стикаються органи місцевого самоврядування у забезпеченні прав ВПО: недостатнє фінансування, бюрократичні перепони, недостатня координація між різними рівнями влади. Запропоновано конкретні шляхи вдосконалення діяльності органів місцевого самоврядування, включно зі збільшенням фінансування, спрощенням адміністративних процедур, підвищенням кваліфікації працівників та використанням інноваційних технологій. Досліджено не лише проблеми, але й перспективи вдосконалення діяльності органів місцевого самоврядування у сфері захисту прав ВПО. У висновках зроблено акцент на необхідності подальшого вдосконалення механізмів підтримки ВПО з боку органів місцевого самоврядування.
ПЛАТФОРМНИЙ КООПЕРАТИВІЗМ ТА ЙОГО ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ У ВІДНОВЛЮВАНІЙ ЕНЕРГЕТИЦІ
Authors: Гриценко А. , Липов В.
Published: November 2024

Вступ. Розвиток цифрових технологій суттєво впливає практично на всі складові суспільного життя. Відкриваються нові можливості забезпечення сталого розвитку, водночас, породжуються виклики соціальній єдності суспільства.Проблематика. Поширення платформної бізнес-моделі супроводжується монополізацією платформних ринків,формуванням «капіталізму платформ». Ринкова влада концентрується в руках власників ядра цифрової платформи (ЦП). Посилюється інструментарій маніпулювання поведінкою споживачів. Монетизація ринкової влади ядром ЦП стає засобом досягнення економічного успіху. У цих умовах інтереси реальних виробників товарів та послуг — учасників екосистеми ЦП, набувають третинного, похідного характеру. Посилюються соціальні дисбаланси в суспільстві.Мета. Визначення передумов і потенціалу створення розподілених виробничих систем-мереж (ланцюгів) створення доданої цінності (М(Л)ДЦ) на основі кооперативних відносин між учасниками.Матеріали й методи. Матеріалом слугували публікації вітчизняних та закордонних дослідників, статистичні дані національних та міжнародних організацій. Застосовано комплекс загальнонаукових та спеціальних методів.Результати. Як альтернативу «капіталізму платформ» пропонується модель «платформного кооперативізму», яка передбачає ініціювання організації ЦП самими виробниками — учасниками М(Л)ДЦ. Останні поєднують ролі учасника управлінської команди, власника, виконавця робіт, найманого працівника, споживача. Проаналізовано вплив платформізації на зміну соціального змісту процесу виробництва. Розкрито соціокультурні передумови формуваннямоделей «капіталізму платформ» та «платформного кооперативізму». Обґрунтовано особливу актуальність створення кооперативних ЦП в Україні в умовах військових дій та повоєнного відновлення.Висновки. ЦП-кооперативи відновлюваної енергогенерації демонструють перспективи кооперативного руху на основі ЦП як важливого інструменту посилення стійкості національної економіки.
ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНА ПРИВАБЛИВІСТЬ ТА МУЛЬТИПЛІКАЦІЙНІ ЕФЕКТИ ДЛЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ ВІД РОЗВИТКУ ТИТАНОВОЇ ГАЛУЗІ
Authors: Скрипниченко М. , Никифорук О. , Білоусова О. , Стасюк О. , Федяй Н. , Білоцерківець О. , Кузнєцова Л.
Published: November 2024

Вступ. Розвиток титанового виробництва в Україні шляхом створення повного циклу виробництва має стати пріоритетним у політиці розвитку стратегічних видів діяльності та відповідати національним інтересам в економіці країни.Проблематика. Забезпечення внутрішніх потреб у металевому титані та нарощення його експорту у перспективі потребує розвитку високотехнологічної промисловості, зокрема випуску готових виробів з металевого титану. Важливим при цьому є розрахунoк макроекономічних ефектів розвитку титанового виробництва.Мета. Обґрунтувати привабливість проєктів для інвесторів та оцінити макроекономічні мультиплікаційні ефекти від розвитку титанового виробництва в Україні у напрямку поглибленої переробки сировини і виготовлення готової продукції.Матеріали й методи. Основою дослідження є побудова системи збалансованих показників оцінки привабливості інвестпроєкту для держави, внутрішніх і зовнішніх інвесторів. Розрахунки мультиплікаційних ефектів для економіки здійснено на основі таблиці «Витрати-випуск» в основних цінах через прирости валового випуску та валової доданої вартості для виду економічної діяльності.Результати. Проведено багатоетапне дослідження інвестиційного проєкту будівництва нового титанового заводу та впливу розвитку титанової галузі на економіку України за розрахунками мультиплікаційних ефектів національної значимості. Показано методологічні підходи, які доцільні й для інших стратегічно важливих перспективних видів промисловості у повоєнний час.Висновки. Розвиток повного замкнутого циклу з виробництва металевого титану та виробів з нього вимагатиме формування державної політики стимулювання інвесторів у частині формування пільгових умов їхньої діяльності. На це вказують отримані оцінки привабливості титанового інвестпроєкту, результати мультиплікаційних ефектівприросту валового випуску та масштабів очікуваного приросту валової доданої вартості, зокрема при переході від випуску титанової губки до виробництва готових титанових виробів.