bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does partisan media make a pawn of mistrust? Institutional trust and preventive COVID-19 health behaviors in a polarized pandemic
Authors: Dawson Andrew , Wang Wan , Taylor Marin , Wilson Anne E
Published: May 2023

In a rapidly developing crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic, people are often faced with contradictory or changing information and must determine what sources to trust. Across five time points (N = 5,902) we examine how trust in various sources predicts COVID-19 health behaviors. Trust in experts and national news predicted more engagement with most health behaviors from April 2020 to March 2022 and trust in Fox news, which often positioned itself as counter to the mainstream on COVID-19, predicted less engagement. However, we also examined a particular public health behavior (masking) before and after the CDC announcement recommending masks on April 3, 2020 (which reversed earlier expert advice discouraging masks for the general public). Prior to the announcement, trust in experts predicted less mask-wearing while trust in Fox News predicted more. These relationships disappeared in the next four days following the announcement and reversed in the two years that follow, and emerged for vaccination in the later time points. We also examine how the media trusted by Democrats and Republicans predicts trust in experts and in turn health behaviors. Broadly we consider how the increasingly fragmented epistemic environment has implications for polarization on matters of public health.
Do country-level characteristics affect adults’ level of ICT skills? A European comparison with a two-component measure of ICT skills
Authors: Bles Per , Müller Nora , Lutz Lynn-Malou
Published: May 2023

We study determinants of adults’ ICT skills in 19 European countries, focusing on the contextual level. We treat ICT skill proficiency – measured as problem-solving in technology-rich environments – and ICT use – a constructed index of ICT use in daily life and at work – as equally important components of effective ICT skills. To explain differences in adults' ICT skills across countries, we use existing micro-level theories and extend them by five explanatory factors at the contextual level: ICT access and infrastructure, ICT usage, technical skills demand, adult education infrastructure, and level of gender inequality. We apply our framework to data from the first cycle of the OECD's Programme of the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), which provides objective measures of adults' ICT skills. Both our linear multilevel regression analysis as well as our two-step regression models show that compared to the micro-level, the impact of the macro-level is rather limited. Only the technical skill demand of a country’s labor market shows a relevant and statistically significant impact on adults’ ICT skills in terms of ICT proficiency. Moreover, our results indicate that ICT proficiency and ICT usage are two different dimensions of the same concept, and one does not condition the other.
English Language Teachers' Experiences of Using ICT in Online Teaching
Authors: Bhandari Bhimlal
Published: May 2023

After COVID-19 pandemic, online learning has predominated over traditional face-to-face instruction. Education was one of the most affected areas during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims at investigating university level English language teachers' experiences of using ICT in online teaching. The study intends to examine teachers’ perceived benefits and challenges of using ICT tools in online mode of teaching. For this purpose, I selected 80 English language teachers from sixteen campuses of Rupandehi. I used quantitative survey research design for the study. I collected data through closed-ended questionnaire only. This investigation demonstrates the satisfactory experiences of English language teachers in using ICT in online teaching. Use of ICT can facilitate and make teaching easier maximizing the learner autonomy, transferring traditional mode of teaching in learning English. Lack of basic ICT knowledge and skills, the digital divide, and students' laziness were some of the challenges of using ICT. Moreover, ICT use in online teaching can contribute learners to work in their own pace; provide a new platform of learning by expanding the access of resources in learning system.
Apollonian and Dionysian Elements in the Folk Music of Arghakhanchi and Gulmi
Authors: Ghimire Ram Prasad
Published: May 2023

This article argues that most of the Nepali folk music has a provision of combining both the Apollonian and Dionysian virtues. This kind of integration in Nepali folk music can play a vital role in settling the crude emotional force that is produced by the modern music rooted in the Western way of life. The article also presents some evidence and examples of how the ancient peoples of Nepal managed their cultural music and maintained a balance between the Apollonian and Dionysian aspects of the human mind. Of course, an unsettled emotion produced by Western culture and music is a problem. Nepali folk music remains to be a solution to such a problem.
Voice of Dissent: Negation of Heterosexuality in Adrienne Rich's Poetry
Authors: Bhusal Tilak
Published: May 2023

This article explores the opposition of heterosexuality in Adrienne Rich’s poems. Rich has questioned the heterosexual institutions in her poetry and has consciously worked to re-create women’s identity taking an oppositional stance towards heterosexuality and trying to establish women's positional stance. Heterosexuality as a political institution is so pervasive that it has not only controlled women's bodies by various means but also has controlled their consciousness. It proved that women should seek their primary emotional and erotic ties in themselves to have women-identified experiences and freedom. Rich’s poems; “Rape”, “Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers”, “Twenty-one Love Poems I” and “Diving into the Wreck” are examined through radical feminism and lesbian perspectives.
EFL Teachers’ Perceptions of a Long Shift to Online Learning in a Saudi University during the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Al Shlowiy Ahmed , Layali Khaled
Published: May 2023

Discovering the new variants of coronavirus by the end of 2020 pushed many countries to continue suspending universities and schools. A complete change to online learning seemed the only available option to continue education given the detection of new coronavirus variants. Such a long time of using online learning can display how teachers experience this hard time of the pandemic. The researchers performed this study to explore EFL teachers’ perceptions of online learning in a Saudi university during this period. They aimed to have a closer look at EFL teachers’ perceptions of the sudden shift into online learning. They focused on the teachers’ benefits, drawbacks, and suggestions. They used a questionnaire and interviews to collect qualitative data to answer research questions. Results showed five benefits and two drawbacks of using online learning to teach English in that Saudi university. The benefits are being a good and useful option for teaching during the coronavirus pandemic, motivation of teachers, ease of access and use, interacting between teachers and students, and being less teacher-centered. The drawbacks are disruption by poor Internet and technical issues and cheating by students on assessments. The participants provided some suggestions to improve the benefits and overcome the drawbacks.
The Prevalence Of Lead Poisoning in a Pediatric Population in Rural Pennsylvania
Authors: Rigas Mary Ann Prendiville
Published: May 2023

Objective: To determine the prevalence of lead poisoning in a pediatric population in rural Pennsylvania.

Design: A prospective clinical study.

Setting: A Pediatrician's office in rural north central Pennsylvania.

Patients: Three hundred fifty-three children aged nine months through six years presenting to their pediatrician's office for well-child or illness care over a 10 month period in 1992.

Methods: Capillary blood samples were obtained on study patients and analyzed by atomic absorption for blood lead levels. Concurrently, questionnaires were administered to parents of study patients to assess their children's risk factors for lead poisoning.

Main Results: Overall, 15% of children had blood lead levels greater than or equal to 0.48 micromole/L (10 micrograms/dL), 5% had levels greater than or equal to 0.72 micromole/ L (15 micrograms/dL), and 2% had levels greater than or equal to 1.0 micromole/L (20 micrograms/dL). The prevalence of lead poisoning was highest in children aged two to three years. Children on Medical Assistance had a higher prevalence of lead poisoning (23.5%) than children not on Medical Assistance (7.5%). The greatest source of lead exposure was lead-based paint found in homes built before 1977.

Conclusions: These results demonstrate that there is a significant prevalence of lowlevel lead poisoning in this rural community and suggest that there may be a need for more extensive screening in geographic areas not usually thought to be at high risk for lead poisoning.
The Perversity of Inanimate Objects: Disturbing the Demi-Gods?
Authors: King Arthur B.
Published: May 2023

Our forefathers often endowed inanimate objects with some of the attributes of life in order to account for what they considered bizarre behavior. Later, civilizations proposed that such objects were the living quarters of minor gods or ill-defined spirits. These were considered to have no permanent abode, but they took up residence in both natural and manmade articles. This might account for some of the ills experienced by men who disturbed them. The concept was refined to consider inanimate objects as the playthings or tools of spiteful deities who use them to harass mankind and to demonstrate their superiority over him.
A Gifted and Generous Editor
Authors: Lenox Robert J.
Published: May 2023

Over the last several decades the Guthrie family has been fortunate to be associated with a remarkable lady. Miss Jean Antes has been our Managing Editor for 12 years. This is the last issue which she will edit. Over that time there have been continuous improvements in the Journal. These improvements have included enlargement of both the page size, as well as the number of articles per issue. More importantly the quality of the Journal has been continuously improved under her leadership. This includes the technical quality of the printed page, which in a large part has been the result of her excellent working relationship with the printer. Of greater importance has been the improvement in the caliber of the articles themselves. This has been possible only because of Jean's ability to encourage busy clinicians and scientists to take the time to write for our readers. She has been able to remind us of the importance of such work in a way that was never threatening nor did she ever seem to be an annoyance. There is a fine line between gentle encouragement and becoming the person that just pushed too hard. Somehow Jean has always had the knack to inspire would-be authors to publish that which they always wanted to but never found the time to do. This has been her greatest single contribution to our readers.
Tracheobronchial Stents: An Innovative Therapy Coming of Age
Authors: Lenox Robert J.
Published: May 2023

Obstruction of the trachea or of the major bronchi is associated with severe or life-threatening dyspnea. Patients often present with unrelenting cough, stridor, or wheezing. Those who suffer from stridor have a lesion which is above the sternal notch, and those with wheezing are found to have obstruction below the sternal notch. It is easy to misdiagnose patients who present with wheezing as having asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). One has to be vigilant as to the possibility of upper airway obstruction in order not to miss this potentially life-threatening disorder.
Foreign Body Aspiration: A Case Report and Clinical Review
Authors: Manjooran Earnest , Walsh James J.
Published: May 2023

Tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration is the most common cause of accidental death of children under six years, in the home. It is much less common among adults. The patient may present for evaluation of acute or chronic respiratory compromise with coughing, wheezing, choking, or even be asymptomatic. Physical examination may be normal, or the patient may have asymmetry of breath sounds, unilateral wheezing, tachypnea, and central cyanosis. Radiographic evaluation may reveal air trapping, atelectasis, hyperlucency, and mediastinal shift. Removal is by either rigid or flexible bronchoscopy through Fogarty catheters, chest percussion, endoscopic laser therapy, and open surgical removal are other technics. Early complications include acute dyspnea, asphyxia and cardiac arrest, laryngeal edema, and pneumothorax. Bronchiectasis, bronchial stricture, hemoptysis, and inflammatory polyps are chronic complications.
Fibromuscular Dysplasia of the Renal Artery and Pseudoephedrine Use: Coincidence Or Cause?
Authors: Ansari Ehsan
Published: May 2023

Pseudoephedrine is an alpha agonist that increases smooth muscle tone in various organs. The increasing popularity of this medication results from its decongestion effect on mucous membranes. Pseudoephedrine, in conjunction with antihistamines, is found in over-the-counter pharmaceuticals for treatment of the common cold and allergic rhinitis. Though the vasoconstrictive effect of pseudoephredrine on the renal artery is well known, fibromuscular dysplasia, an arteriopathy of unknown cause, associated with chronic pseudoephedrine use has not been previously recognized. In this paper, I report a case of fibromuscular dysplasia in a patient who had used neosynephrine nasal solution twice daily for at least ten years. Perhaps further observations in the future will define whether the association is causal or accidental.
Rabies in the United States 1981 to 1997: A Declining But Persistent Risk. Part II
Authors: Kletter Jan Cary
Published: May 2023

Part I of this article, which appeared in the Fall 1997 issue of this journal (Vol. 66: 138-146), included a general discussion of Rabies in the United States since 1981, its pathogenesis and natural history. Also included was a table of the 32 cases of rabies which have been diagnosed in the United States in those years. This is also included in Part II. An addendum has been added to Part II which contains the latest cases of rabies as obtained from the Center for Disease Control.
Progress Note on Spanish Influenza
Authors: King Arthur B.
Published: May 2023

In the not too distant past, I reviewed Alfred Crosby’s book, America’s Forgotten Pandemic, in this journal (Fall 1990). It is very strange that so large a plague would be so soon forgotten. In a few short months, more people died of the “flu” than were killed in four years of slaughter in World War I, and in the United States alone, more died of it than were lost in all previous wars of the United States combined in addition to Korean, Vietnam, and Desert Storm. The strange feature of this particular illness showed a great predilection for the young and vigorous, killing a huge number of otherwise healthy people. Normally flu is rarely fatal, and in its more serious form, it generally is fatal mainly to infants and the elderly.
It’s Deja Vu All Over Again
Authors: Friedenberg William
Published: May 2023

The title of this editorial comes from the statement made by Yogi Berra many years ago and used by Carol Camp in her discussion of bacterial antigen testing. In her article, she discusses bacterial antigen testing and her experience at Robert Packer Hospital. Unfortunately, the original bloom of enthusiasm has been replaced with cynicism because, as she demonstrates in her review, the lack of sufficient accuracy has severely limited the use of bacterial antigen testing. Many diagnostic tests, as well as therapeutic interventions, are brought forward with a great hope and expectation that they will be able to improve our ability to accurately diagnose patients earlier as well as treat them more successfully. Dr. Ayerdi and his surgical colleagues describe the evolution of carotid endarterectomy in the treatment of atherosclerotic carotid disease. In their excellent review, they show how the technique itself has evolved and gone through periods of wide acceptance with subsequent periods of disillusionment. Carotid endarterectomy went through a period when many patients who were having the procedure were not appropriate candidates. With further study and experience, as outlined by Ayerdi and his colleagues, the indications for carotid endarterectomy have been better refined and the procedure applied more appropriately. In the November 12, 1998 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine, H.J.M. Barnett et. al. (N.E.J.M. 1998;339:1415-25) confirm that patients symptomatic with carotid stenosis of 70% or more are markedly improved with endarterectomy, which persists for more than five years. Patients with moderate stenosis (50-69%) benefit, but less than those with stenosis at 70 percent or more, whereas those with stenosis of less than 50% did not benefit from endarterectomy. J.V. Tu, et.al., in the same issue, (N.E.J.M. 1998;339:1441-7) review the status of endarterectomy in the 90’s, without as extensive historical review as Ayerdi, et al., but with an analysis of referral patterns.
The Evolution of Carotid Endarterectomy
Authors: Ayerdi Juan , Sampson Lawrence N. , Deshmukh Narayan , Gupta Sushil
Published: May 2023

Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) has recently emerged as the standard treatment for patients with severe carotid stenosis.1 Currently, it is one of the most successful and common vascular procedures; in 1993, approximately 90,000 procedures were performed in the United States.2 Over the last four decades indications, diagnosis, and surgical technique in stroke prevention have evolved. The first randomized comparison of CEA versus medical management for stroke prevention was performed 17 years after the first CEA and demonstrated clear superiority of CEA, but it was not until 20 years later that CEA gained widespread acceptance. With the advent of carotid angioplasty with stenting, controversy has returned to decision making in stroke prevention.
Legacy of Dr. William C. Beck: Assuring the Surgeon of An Effective “Barrier”
Authors: Belkin Nathan L.
Published: May 2023

From the time that an operating room gown first became a part of the surgeon’s armamentarium, its primary purpose was to protect the patient from the members of the surgical team. In that capacity, the garment was made of a relatively loosely woven, readily permeable, all carded cotton Type 140 (thread count) material generically known as “muslin.” The material fulfilled the essential requirements of the application in that it 1) was considered effective in terms of providing a satisfactory aseptic barrier, 2) was readily available and 3) was economical to use.
The Daily Telegraph Second Book of Obituaries – Heroes & Adventurers Hugh Messingberd
Authors: King Arthur B.
Published: May 2023

The author was Obituaries Editor of The London Daily Telegraph from 1986 to 1994. He has collected together obituaries that, during that period, were about a variety of noteworthy people and the volume under discussion contains a short summary of the lives and accomplishments of various English notables who made some mark in the world.
Techniques for the Characterization of Gene Structure With Special Reference to the 5’ end of the Human M3 Muscarinic Receptor Gene
Authors: Puhl Henry L. , Shay Thomas T. , Mattison Jeffery C. , Aronstam Robert S.
Published: May 2023

Five different subtypes of muscarinic receptor (M1-M5), the products of five distinct genes, are expressed in mammalian cells. Muscarinic receptor expression is systematically altered during development and aging, in response to receptor stimulation and blockade, and in pathological states. The molecular basis for this regulation is incompletely understood. We have isolated and partially characterized a large portion of the 5’ untranslated region of the human gene encoding the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. We have used ligation mediated PCR (LMPCR), 5’ rapid amplification of cDNA ends (5’ RACE), genomic screening with bacterial artificial chromosome clones (BAC) and functional assays with luciferase reporter constructs to identify a region of DNA beyond a complex array of noncoding exons that contains promoter activity. Introns upstream from the uninterrupted exon containing the intact protein coding sequence appear to be quite large; the first upstream intron is over 20 kb in length. The techniques listed above are discussed in relation to their application to the analysis of the M3 receptor gene. Additional techniques commonly used to identify and characterize gene promoter regions such as primer extension, RNase protection, and footprinting are also discussed.
Risk Factors and Prevention of Breast Cancer
Authors: Tai Muhammad
Published: May 2023

With definition of endogenous and exogenous risk factors, it has become possible to select patients appropriately for dietary and chemopreventive measures to reduce the risk of breast cancer. This paper reviews both risk and possible preventative measures for those at high risk.
Experience With Stereotactic Guided Core Biopsy Using the New Mammotome Technology at Robert Packer Hospital
Authors: Gottlieb Philip D. , Zehr Ralph , Joy Christopher
Published: May 2023

The Mammotome biopsy needle has improved diagnostic accuracy and reduced complications of core needle breast biopsy.
Management of Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Bergevin Patrick R.
Published: May 2023

Metastatic breast cancer represents a heterogenous combination of tumor presentations depending on tumor volume, site of metastasis, and responsiveness to endocrine manipulation. This review seeks to give an up-to-date assessment of the roles of various therapeutic modalities in the management of these categories.
Abstracts of Articles Published Elsewhere By Our Staff
Authors: WR Friedenberg , Young J Keller A , MM. Oken
Published: May 2023

Infusional chemotherapy was studied in eight patients who had relapsed following combination chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Treatment was dexamethasone 40 mg p.o. for four days in conjunction with a 4-day infusion of vincristine (1.6 mg) and doxorubicin (36 mg/m2) every three weeks. Six had partial or complete responses. Though small, the study suggests that infusional schedules may decrease toxicity in patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma previously treated by bolus regimens.
Alone On Guadalcanal by Martin Clemens
Authors: King Arthur B.
Published: May 2023

More than 50 years have passed since the war in the Pacific with the Japanese took place. The campaign has been covered in great detail by many authors including the U.S. Department of Defense. However, Martin Clemens, who was an active participant, has come up with a most interesting facet to this complicated event. It is a most enjoyable account of his tour of duty as a coast watcher on Guadalcanal and later active intelligence officer for the invading Marine force.
The Professor and the Mad Man: A Tale of Murder, Insanity, and the Making of the Oxford English Dictionary by Simon Winchester
Authors: King Arthur B.
Published: May 2023

Mr. Winchester has put together a most fascinating account of a paranoid schizophrenic that is almost beyond belief. This is a story of a well-educated and erudite American physician whose mental state began to deteriorate shortly after a tour of duty in the Civil War. He had been the product of a conception of American missionaries in Ceylon but had returned, at an early age, to New England which was the site of the family’s origin and where he later went to medical school. When he graduated, the Civil War was in full blast and he was thrown in the maelstrom during a period of the most ferocious fighting. What part this played in his subsequent life was subject to speculation even in that age when the public and physicians knew very little about the anatomy and physiology of the human central nervous system.
The Daily Telegraph Book of Obituaries: A Celebration of Eccentric Lives by Hugb Messingburd
Authors: King Arthur B.
Published: May 2023

This publication (Vol 68:33, 1999) carried a review of Obituaries of Heroes and Adventurers by the same author. This earlier volume concerns people who lived eccentric lives and whose presence on this sphere will be missed by someone.
Emerging Infectious Diseases: Y2K
Authors: Nasif Marcelo
Published: May 2023

Emergence and reemergence of infectious pathogens has occurred throughout history. Though physician overuse of antibiotics has contributed to development of organisms resistant to therapy, the commercial use of antibiotics in animal feed as well as changes in food preservation and manufacture have also contributed to this problem. Spontaneous change in viral infectivity, such as AIDS, and the possible recrudescence of pandemic influenza are uncertain, but likely events. The changes in infections over the past 20 years and likely possibilities for the future are presented.
II. Jason and Medea: Iatros and Medicus
Authors: Bartenhagen Nicholas H.
Published: May 2023

Doctor of Medicine…. Physician…..Iatros…..if we probe thousands of years beneath the contemporary veneer of these titles and functions, we may better understand the linguistic bases of who we are, what we do and how we are perceived.
Blind Man’s Bluff Sherry Sontag and Christopher Drew
Authors: King Arthur B.
Published: May 2023

One becomes a bit weary of reading over the years about the ineptitude, stupidity, and amateurish conduct of U.S. espionage as told by our self-labeled “superior” European counterparts. The book’s authors have gathered together in great detail the exploits of our submarine service in the field of intelligence gathering over the years. The news media have developed tidbits of the exploits, but due to the sensitivity of the information, their reports have left much to be desired. Now that the passage of time has made the importance of the information and the means of its gathering quite stale, it is possible to learn more about the genius and daring used by our side to keep ahead of the other side in what they were doing.
Medical Glove Safety
Authors: Beezhold Donald
Published: May 2023

Approximately 22 billion surgeons’ and examination gloves are used in the United States annually and that number is still increasing. Gloves are worn for two-way asepsis to protect both the patient and the wearer. The dramatic increase in glove use following introduction of universal precautions in 1986, has brought to light the fact that there are certain risks associated with glove use. Much of the risk revolves around the use of powders as donning agents on gloves. These powders are difficult to remove and in fact become airborne whenever gloves are donned or removed. The problems range from foreign body reactions following surgery to the recent epidemic of natural rubber latex allergy among health care workers. Due to concerns about multiple adverse health effects associated with powder from the surface of gloves, the FDA recently proposed new regulations for glove manufacturers. It is incumbent for health care workers and materials managers to recognize the dangers of glove powder and demand the exclusive use of safer powder-free products.
III: Guérir Quelquefois…
Authors: Bartenhagen Nicholas H.
Published: May 2023

The noon sun blazed over the Patterson Auditorium near Athens as the distinguished guest speaker, introductions completed, stood behind the podium to face the gathering. Drawn from the East to complete and enhance the seminar on Psychiatric Disorders, his renown had lured an overflow audience to the hall, which slowly darkened as he began to speak, his lulling voice electronically amplified. His fingers worked the remote to advance and focus images of graphs and tables on the screen behind.
Reflections On “Marriage of Inconvenience”: by Kenneth Rose
Authors: King Arthur B.
Published: May 2023

All ages and countries have had to deal with their leader’s sexual peccadillos. Righteous indignation surfaces, but it is often curbed by other circumstances. Whenever the monarch or equivalent is fortunate enough to have a firm grip on his subjects (or constituents) or is a victorious military leader, the populace bows to the inevitable and decides that the sexual break with the accepted customs can be ignored. It remains difficult for the distaff side of the union, but this may be one of the inconveniences that goes with the job. Depending on the personality of the wife, she may suffer and prudently remain silent or proclaim to the sky her hesitations and real or imagined injustices.
Karl J. Dienhart, M.D.
Authors: Homan Mal R.
Published: May 2023

Dr. Karl J. Dienhart, Guthrie Clinic cardio log ist, retired from practice in September 1999. Dr. Dienhart was bo rn in Colog ne, Germany, and attended medical school in Germany at Unive rsitat des Saarlandes, receiving his medical degree in 1959. He enjoyed traveling, spe nding a year of medical school training in Montpe llier, France; and one of seven interna l medicine training yea rs, at Providen ce Hospit al in Washington, DC. He re turned to Germany to complete training, then worked for several years as a hospit al internist in Obe rhausen, Germany. He then decided to agai n spe nd some time in the U.S., and eve ntually se lected a residency in Sayre, one of the few rural teaching hospit als. After three years of residency, he completed a one -year cardiology fellowship at the Texas Heart Institute in Houston. Althou gh he had many offers to consider, he decided to return to Sayre, joining the staff in 1973.
K Boats: Steam-powered Submarines in World War I by Don Everitt
Authors: King Arthur B.
Published: May 2023

There may be a few old Salts still alive who recall seeing an almost unbelievable sight: a submarine moving in a bay showing a smoke stack belching large amounts of black smoke. It must have been an amazing sight.
Systemic Mastocytosis
Authors: Yalamanchili Madhuri , Patel Anamika , Bergevin Patrick R.
Published: May 2023

Systemic Mastocytosis is an abnormal proliferation of mast cells in the skin and multiple other organs. Its prognosis is variable, from indolent to very aggressive. The systemic signs and symptoms of mastocytosis are diverse and related to pharmacologic manifestations of mast cell mediators. They may mimic various conditions including chronic granulomatous disorders such as tuberculosis and sarcoid, connective tissue disorders, occult visceral malignancies, and even lymphoma. We report a patient with systemic mastocytosis and review the diagnosis and management of the disorder.
Current Concepts in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Freije James E. , Tolhurst Kirk , Prince Beverly
Published: May 2023

Despite a decline in the incidence and mortality rates for nearly all major cancers over the past 20 years, those statistics for head and neck squamous cancer have remained stagnant. This lack of improvement is not explained by failure to implement the various oncologic milestones in the surgical and medical treatment of head and neck cancer over the past few decades but is probably accounted for, in part, by a continued lack of public and practitioner awareness of this disease hindering prevention and early detection. The problem is compounded by the relatively low incidence of head and neck cancer and the tendency for the disease to occur in a poorly compliant lower socioeconomic group. The current epidemiologic characteristics and management techniques will be discussed along with some possible directions to improve awareness and early detection.
Advances in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Friedenberg William , Warzyniak Laurie
Published: May 2023

There have been dramatic advances in the palliative treatment of multiple myeloma, although cure remains elusive. Accurate diagnosis is essential to effective therapy, because there are many disorders associated with a monoclonal gammopathy. Standard treatment with melphalan and predisone has been superceded by nonalkylating therapy followed by high dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation in appropiate patients. Seven patients with multiple myeloma have received stem cell transplants at Guthrie and six continue in either complete or near complete remission, with one patient receiving a second transplant, and one patient relapsing with resistant disease and dying. Bisophosphonates have contributed to less pain and musculoskeletal complications. Thalidomide and dexamethasone have markedly improved the response to initial or salvage treatments. PS-341, a protease inhibitor, has recently been shown to be effective in heavily pre-treated patients. New treatments with the prospect of cure are needed.
Особистісно-професійне самовизначення майбутніх учителів у процесі вивчення педагогічних дисциплін
Authors: Галузяк Василь
Published: May 2023

Personal and professional self-determination of future teachers is considered as the key mechanism for formation ofprofessional position, which is based on the processes of meaning-making, value self-determination and the formation of professional identity. The professional position as the result of personal and professional self-determination of students reflects the relatively stable system of consciously developed attitudes to various aspects of future professional activity: its subjects, goals, values, principles, technologies,methods and means of organization. The professional position characterizes the teacher as the subject of pedagogical activity, who basing on critically considered norms of pedagogical culture, has developed his own system of professional values and waysof their realization. Basing onthe analysis of scientific sources and pedagogical practice there was defined and substantiated the set of principles that ensures personal and professional self-determination of future teachers in the process of study of pedagogical disciplines: the principle of value-semantic contextual content of educational dialogue, the principle of coordination in dialogue of professional and personal values, the principle of transparency and self-determination, the principleof unity of normativeness and alternativeness, the principle of unity of trust and doubt, the principle of subject-subject interaction, the principle of interactivity and positional openness in dialogue, the principle of reflexivity of subjects of educational dialogue, the principle of creativity of joint activity of subjects of the dialogue. Adherence to these principles activates the personal and professional self-determination of future teachers, contributes to the formation of their professional position as the system of value orientations that form the conceptual basis of future professional activity. Effective implementation of the considered principles is possible under the condition of the use of pedagogical technologies constructed on a subject-subject basis. One of such technologies is the educational dialogue which involves the organization of intersubjective interaction during classes aimed at solvingof educational problems and students' search for personal meaning in professional knowledge.
Retour d’expérience sur l’organisation des ECOS dans trois universités françaises : Université Paris-Cité, Université de Normandie-Rouen, Université Montpellier-Nîmes
Authors: Bouzid D. , Smadja N. Peiffer , Roussel M. , Lefevre-Scelles A. , Mercier L.G. , Claret P.-G.
Published: May 2023

L’organisation des examens cliniques objectifs et structurés (ECOS) représente un réel défi auquel toutes les unités de formation et de recherche (UFR) de médecine sont actuellement confrontées. Cette modalité de contrôle des compétences reconnue pour évaluer le savoir-agir nécessite des ressources pédagogiques et logistiques importantes. Au centre de la réforme du deuxième cycle des études médicales, les premiers ECOS nationaux se dérouleront en mai 2024. Nous rapportons dans ce travail un retour sur les expériences bien singulières de trois UFR de médecine qui ont des promotions d’étudiants de taille variée et des contraintes spécifiques. Chacun de ces sites a mis en place une organisation particulière afin de pouvoir entraîner et évaluer ses étudiants aux ECOS. De la planification de l’examen, à la rédaction des stations, au recrutement des patients standardisés, l’ensemble des étapes nécessaires à la tenue des ECOS est rapporté. Nous vous proposons ainsi une liste de mesures qui nous paraissent indispensables à la bonne réussite des ECOS facultaires.
Essential Oil and Crude Extracts of Pulicaria arabica (L.) Cass. Aerial Parts: Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Effect, α-Glucosidase, Acetylcholinesterase, and Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activities
Authors: Djermane N. , Khellaf R. , Brahmi M. , Erenler R. , Arhab R. , Gherraf N.
Published: May 2023

Plants have been an important source of bioactive compounds since ancient times and have recently attracted much attention from researchers and consumers due to the toxic effects of synthetic drugs. Our work aimed to study the chemical composition and some biological activities of the essential oil (EO) and the crude extracts of an endemic plant from Algeria: Pulicaria arabica (L.) Cass. Gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of the EO is conducted for the identification of eight compounds representing 99.6% of the total content. The main compounds were α-Cadinol (35.0%), δ-Cadinene (22.5%), τ-Muurolol (12.6%), and τ-Cadinol (11.7%). The highest contents of total phenolics and flavonoids of the crude extracts were recorded with the methanol extract (185.91 ± 3.11 μg GAE/mg and 62.86 ± 1.98 μg QE/mg of extract, respectively). The antioxidant activity of the EO and the crude extracts was evaluated using six different methods: DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity, ABTS (2,2’-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic)) scavenging activity, the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), iron chelation, β-carotene bleaching inhibition, and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC). Acetone and methanol extracts exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity, which can be attributed to their high phenol content. On the contrary, the EO and the hydro-methanolic extract exhibited the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50: 39.74 ± 1.91 and 42.45 ± 4.67 μg/mL, respectively). All the tested extracts were found to be inactive against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) while they showed an interesting inhibitory effect against butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). These findings showed that Pulicaria arabica EO and extracts have important biological activities and might be used in the treatment of diabetes and Alzheimer's disease with antioxidant properties.
The Nation, Nationalism and Ethno-nationalism: A Theoretical Discourse
Authors: Abbasi Azhar Mahmood , Mubarak Munnaza , Arshad Muhammad Saad
Published: May 2023

People or masses that are united by their common culture, language, history, descent and distinct ideas in a specific country or territory known as a nation. Moreover, nationalism is an idea or a movement where a nation fits in the state. As a nation, it tends to promote the interest of a group of people. The word 'nationality' has been in mutual use in third-world countries to designate ethnolinguistic communities. The term ethno nationalism is a form of nationalism and basic understanding in the regard to ethnic ties and ethnicity as a core component of experiences and conception of nations. Exclusivist ethnonationalism denotes the compartmentalization among various entities while living in a similar territory. The current study explores the origin, evolution and growth of nation, nationalism and ethnonationalism. How these three ideologies are different from each other. The study also reveals the major stakes of the theorist on these three philosophies.
PENERAPAN POLA ARSITEKTUR MVVM PADA PERANCANGAN APLIKASI PENGADUAN MASYARAKAT BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Riyadhi Irya Muhammad , Intan Purnamasari  , Kamal Prihandani
Published: May 2023

The Model-View-ViewModel (MVVM) architectural pattern can be applied in designing a mobile complaint application. MVVM separates the graphical interface and business processes, making it easier to develop and maintain applications. In an MVVM implementation, event and observer data are separated, observing calls from event listeners are avoided, and state is used for data. The MVVM architectural pattern can also reduce dependencies so that there is no close relationship between the view and the viewmodel. In addition, MVVM can also be used to manage the concentration of Android application development that functions as a public complaint. In this community complaint application it is intended that the public can notify their complaints without having to come to the location of the complaint. In addition, it can make it easier for the authorities to follow up on these complaints, so that the public government can provide better service and be responsive to complaints from the public.
Enfermedad periodontal en pacientes pediátricos. Etiología, etiopatogenia, manejo estomatológico.
Authors: Jaramillo Córdova Adriana Carolina , Romo Cardoso Adriana
Published: May 2023

La periodontitis es una enfermedad infecciosa crónica que afecta al periodonto, esto se debe a la falta de higiene oral por parte del paciente, ya que determina una acumulación de biofilm dental, y con el tiempo la movilidad dentaria y pérdida de la pieza dental.

El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica es determinar el mejor manejo estomatológico, enfocado a la odontología preventiva en pacientes pediátricos y adolescentes. La metodología empleada para el desarrollo de este tema se basó en la revisión bibliográfica de artículos relacionados con el tema a tratar enfocándonos en artículos no más de 10 años de antigüedad, utilizando palabras claves específicas con el fin de encontrar bibliografía actualizada tanto en inglés como en español.

Es muy prevalente encontrar gingivitis o enfermedad periodontal en pacientes con enfermedades sistémicas, esto se da por la administración de fármacos o también por la deficiente higiene oral, lo cual genera un inadecuado barrido del biofilm dental, por lo tanto, es uno de los principales factores etiológicos para el desarrollo de la patología bucal.

Es importante que los padres de familia ayuden a sus hijos en el cepillado dental, ya que ellos a una edad corta no se pueden cepillar correctamente sus piezas dentales por su poca motricidad, y con el tiempo puede existir un acúmulo de biofilm dental y desarrollar gingivitis, por ello es muy importante que los padres ayuden a fomentar un buen cepillado dental.
Manejo farmacológico del dolor orofacial asociado a neuralgia del trigémino: reporte de dos casos clínicos
Authors: Rojas Carrera Cristina , Parise Vasco Juan Marcos , Masson Palacios Maria Jose , Agurto Castro Jorge
Published: May 2023

Introducción: La neuralgia del trigémino es una afección descrita como un dolor neuropático repentino, punzante, momentáneo, paroxístico, unilateral y crónico en la región craneofacial. Se caracteriza por ser un síndrome de dolor facial debilitante que presenta episodios de choques eléctricos dolorosos limitado a las ramificaciones afectadas del nervio trigémino.  Objetivo: El objetivo de este reporte es exponer el manejo farmacológico que recibieron dos pacientes con dolor orofacial asociado a neuralgia del trigémino. Presentación de casos: Caso 1.- Paciente femenina de 45 años que acudió por molestias a nivel facial del lado derecho, con diagnóstico confirmado de neuralgia del trigémino tipo I. Se realizó terapia infiltrativa-farmacológica del nervio trigémino, asociado con controles periódicos en los que se evaluó la mitigación del dolor como resultado favorable. Caso 2.- Paciente femenina de 47 años que acudió por presentar dolor crónico, exacerbado de forma súbita hace 1 mes y medio, refiere haber recibido terapia farmacológica infiltrativa del nervio trigémino hace 3 años, al examen clínico se determinó una neuralgia del trigémino tipo 2. Se realizó terapia infiltrativa-farmacológica del nervio trigémino con controles periódicos para evaluar el alivio del padecimiento. Conclusión: Es importante desarrollar un protocolo personalizado en el tratamiento para cada paciente con neuralgia del trigémino, tomando en cuenta las manifestaciones clínicas con el fin de tratar los episodios de dolor mediante terapia farmacológica.
Sosyal bilgiler ders kitaplarındaki coğrafi öğelerin yerel ve küresel bağlamda incelenmesi
Authors: ERSOY Feride , AYAYDIN Yakup
Published: May 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı sosyal bilgiler ders kitaplarında yer alan coğrafi öğelerin yerel ve küresel bağlamda incelenmesidir. Çalışma nitel araştırma kapsamında doküman analizine uygun tasarlanmıştır. Çalışmada 5., 6., 7., sınıf sosyal bilgiler ders kitapları incelenmiştir. Verilerin analizinde doküman analizine uygun süreçler ve betimsel analiz teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Verilerin frekans ve yüzdeleri alınarak betimsel istatistikler ve doğrudan alıntılar sunulmuştur. Çalışma sonucunda sosyal bilgiler ders kitaplarında yerel ve küresel bağlamı içinde yer alan doğal coğrafi öğeler arasında yer hareketleri, yüzey şekilleri, iklim, bitki, toprak, su, doğal afetler, doğal miraslar, harita temalarına ulaşılmıştır. Ders kitaplarının içeriğinde yerel ve küresel bağlamda yer alan beşeri coğrafi öğeler arasında; nüfus, yerleşme, göç, tarım, hayvancılık, sanayi, ticaret, ulaşım, enerji, kültür, turizm, meslek, diğer ekonomik faaliyetler, çevre sorunları, devlet, mücadele, hak, sorumluluk ve özgürlükler, kurumlar ve kuruluşlar gibi öğeler tespit edilmiştir. Ders kitaplarında doğal kaynakların bilinçli kullanımına ve çevre sorunlarının ulusal ve uluslararası etkilerine yönelik içeriğin zenginleştirilmesi önerilmiştir.
Learning binary codes for fast image retrieval with sparse discriminant analysis and deep autoencoders
Authors: Hong Son An , Huu Quynh Nguyen , Viet Dung Cu , Thi Thuy Quynh Dao , Quoc Tao Ngo
Published: May 2023

Image retrieval with relevant feedback on large and high-dimensional image databases is a challenging task. In this paper, we propose an image retrieval method, called BCFIR (Binary Codes for Fast Image Retrieval). BCFIR utilizes sparse discriminant analysis to select the most important original feature set, and solve the small class problem in the relevance feedback. Besides, to increase the retrieval performance on large-scale image databases, in addition to BCFIR mapping real-valued features to short binary codes, it also applies a bagging learning strategy to improve the ability general capabilities of autoencoders. In addition, our proposed method also takes advantage of both labeled and unlabeled samples to improve the retrieval precision. The experimental results on three databases demonstrate that the proposed method obtains competitive precision compared with other state-of-the-art image retrieval methods.
A novel framework to enhance the performance of training distributed deep neural networks
Authors: Phan Trung , Do Phuc
Published: May 2023

There are many attempts to implement deep neural network (DNN) distributed training frameworks. In these attempts, Apache Spark was used to develop the frameworks. Each framework has its advantages and disadvantages and needs further improvements. In the process of using Apache Spark to implement distributed training systems, we ran into some obstacles that significantly affect the performance of the systems and programming thinking. This is the reason why we developed our own distributed training framework, called Distributed Deep Learning Framework (DDLF), which is completely independent of Apache Spark. Our proposed framework can overcome the obstacles and is highly scalable. DDLF helps to develop applications that train DNN in a distributed environment (referred to as distributed training) in a simple, natural, and flexible way. In this paper, we will analyze the obstacles when implementing a distributed training system on Apache Spark and present solutions to overcome them in DDLF. We also present the features of DDLF and how to implement a distributed DNN training application on this framework. In addition, we conduct experiments by training a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model with datasets MNIST and CIFAR-10 in Apache Spark cluster and DDLF cluster to demonstrate the flexibility and effectiveness of DDLF.