bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of energy and protein nutritional value of roughage in the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Krupin E.O. , Shakirov Sh.K. , Tagirov M.Sh. , Khairullina A.R. , Askarova A.A. , Kazeeva N.A. , Sabirzyanova A.T.
Published: June 2021

The aim of the research was to analyze the dynamics of the energy and protein nutritional value of hay from cereal and leguminous herbs produced in the Republic of Tatarstan in the period from 1993 to 2018. The results of analysis of 560 samples of hay from different agroclimatic zones of the republic are presented. It was found that in the dry matter of both cereal and leguminous hay, the content of metabolizable energy practically did not change. The average content of metabolic energy in 1 kg of dry matter of cereal hay was 7.92 MJ / kg. The average deviation from the norm was minus 2.62%. The average content of metabolizable energy in 1 kg of dry matter of legume hay was 9.65 MJ / kg, which is 21.84% higher than in cereal hay. The average excess of the norm for this indicator was 13.77%. The level of net energy of lactation in cereal hay remains unchanged throughout the study, and for legumes there is a slight tendency to increase this indicator. The average value of the net energy content of lactation in 1 kg of dry matter of cereal hay was 3.72 MJ / kg, which deviates from the norm by minus 23.95%. The average content of net energy of lactation in 1 kg of dry matter of legume hay was 4.51 MJ / kg, which is 21.24% higher than in cereal hay. The deviation from the norm for the entire studied period of time was minus 8.34%. In the period from 1993 to 2018, a tendency for an increase in the content of digestible protein in dry matter was established, more pronounced in legume hay. The average long-term content of digestible protein in 1 kg of dry matter of cereal hay was 62.64 g / kg, while in legume hay its content was 70.10% higher (106.55 g / kg). The average deviation of this indicator from the norm in cereal hay was 15.04%, and in legumes - 8.51%.
Designing optimized ternary catalytic alloy electrode for efficiency improvement of semiconductor gas sensors using a machine learning approach
Authors:   Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, West Bengal, India, Ghosal Suman Ghosal , Dey Swati ,   Department of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, West Bengal, India, Chattopadhyay Partha Pratim ,   National Institute of Foundry and Forge Technology, Hatia, India, Datta Shubhabrata ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai India, Bhattacharyya Partha ,   Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, West Bengal, India
Published: June 2021

Catalytic noble metal (s) or its alloy (s) has long been used as the electrode material to enhance the sensing performance of the semiconducting oxide based gas sensors. In the present paper, design of optimized ternary metal alloy electrode, while the database is in pure or binary alloy compositions, using a machine learning methodology is reported for detection of CH4 gas as a test case. Pure noble metals or their binary alloys as the electrode on the semiconducting ZnO sensing layer were investigated by the earlier researchers to enhance the sensitivity towards CH4. Based on those research findings, an artificial neural network (ANN) models were developed considering the three main features of the gas sensor devices, viz. response magnitude, response time and recovery time as a function of ZnO particle size and the composition of the catalytic alloy. A novel methodology was introduced by using ANN models considered for optimized ternary alloy with enriched presentation through the multi-objective genetic algorithm (GA) wherever the generated pareto front was used. The prescriptive data analytics methodology seems to offer more or less convinced evidences for future experimental studies.
Evaluation of tanker vehicle selection using a novel hybrid fuzzy MCDM technique
Authors:   Faculty of Business, Department of Business Management, Kadir Has University, Istanbul, Turkey, Gorcun Omer Faruk , Senthil S. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, Virudhunagar, India, Küçükönder Hande ,   Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Bartin University, Bartın, Turkey
Published: June 2021

Petroleum product transportation considered as one of the crucial parts of dangerous material transportation is a risky logistics activity. The selection of the appropriate tanker vehicles may be a suitable solution to reduce the risks and increase the efficiency and performance of the fuel transportation companies. However, the selection of a suitable road tanker vehicle is not an easy task for decision-makers as there are many conflicting criteria and many decision alternatives. In addition, decision-makers may have to decide with insufficient information since collecting crisp values may not be possible at all times. Hence, many ambiguities affecting the evaluation results exist in an assessment process performed to select the best tanker vehicle option. This paper suggests a novel integrated fuzzy approach to solve these decision-making problems. Sensitivity analysis is conducted to test the validation of the proposed integrated fuzzy approach and its results was performed by forming 130 scenarios. The results of sensitivity analysis prove that the proposed model can be applied to solve these kinds of decision-making problems.
The use of digitalization for micro, small and medium enterprises
Authors: PUTRA DIKA ANGGARA
Published: June 2021

As we know, the Indonesian economy experienced a deflation of 0.1% in July 2020. This occurred in the food, beverage and tobacco category, which experienced a deflation of 0.79%. and contributed 0.19% to deflation. Foodstuffs that contributed to deflation included shallots, free-range chicken, rice, garlic, cayenne pepper, and sugar. Deflation in July and August 2020 was triggered more by falling prices for a number of food, beverages, and transportation, increasing demand amid the Covid-19 pandemic. Trends in other countries show that inflation and deflation are beating supply and demand. in 4 countries such as Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand and Laos involving 3,831 MSME respondents explained that the contribution of MSMEs to Gross Domestic Product in these 4 countries was more than 50%. The enactment of the region had a negative impact on MSMEs, but some MSMEs continued to operate despite experiencing a decline in income of more than 40%.
Enriched category as a model of qualia structure based on similarity judgements
Authors: Tsuchiya Naotsugu , Phillips Steven , Saigo Hayato
Published: June 2021

Qualitative relationships between two instances of conscious experiences can be quantified through the perceived similarity. Previously, we proposed that by defining similarity relationships as arrows and conscious experiences as objects, we can define a category of qualia in the context of category theory. However, the example qualia categories we proposed were highly idealized and limited to cases where perceived similarity is binary: either present or absent without any gradation. When similarity is graded, a situation can arise where A0 is similar to A1, A1 is similar to A2, and so on, yet A0 is not similar to An, which is called the Sorites paradox. Here, we introduce enriched category theory to address this situation. Enriched categories generalize the concept of a relation between objects as a directed arrow (or morphism) in ordinary category theory to a more flexible notion, such as a measure of distance. As an alternative relation, here we propose a graded measure of perceived dissimilarity between the two objects. These measures combine in a way that addresses the Sorites paradox; even if the dissimilarity between Ai and Ai+1 is small for i = 0 … n, hence perceived as similar, the dissimilarity between A0 and An can be large, hence perceived as different. In this way, we show how dissimilarity-enriched categories of qualia resolve the Sorites paradox. We claim that enriched categories accommodate various types of conscious experiences. An important extension of this claim is the application of the Yoneda lemma in enriched category; we can characterize a quale through a collection of relationships between the quale and the other qualia up to an (enriched) isomorphism.
Targeted chemical nucleases have a wide range of untapped applications in biological fields, including gene therapy
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

A feasible alternative to state-of-the-art enzymatic nucleases was created by regulating the cleavage activity of metal complexes using (covalent or non-covalent) homing agents. Targeted AMNs, unlike enzymatic nucleases, break DNA by an oxidative mechanism and can therefore permanently knock off genes. Compared to larger enzymatic nucleases, the modest size of the metal complex may aid cellular transfection. Furthermore, the painstaking construction of the sequence-specific probe permits a metal complex to be directed to dsDNA's minor or major groove. To direct the chemical reactivity of several small-molecule compounds to dsDNA's minor groove, covalently bonded polyamide samples were used. PNA and DNA were also used to construct antisense and antigen hybrids, with Watson–Crick or Hoogsteen base pairing with major groove nucleobases giving sequence recognition. Click chemistry created chimeric AMN-TFOs with desirable focused effects and negligible off-target cleavage. Clip-Phen-modified TFOs, 230 polypyridyl-modified TFOs, 232 and intercalating phenanthrene-modified TFOs are three contemporary instances of copper AMN–TFOs. All three systems have distinct advantages in maintaining the desired 2:1 phenthroline/copper ratio for DNA cleavage (clip-Phen TFOs), caging the copper center and facilitating efficient ROS-mediated strand scission (polypyridyl-modified TFO) and improving triplex stability (polypyridyl-modified TFO) (phenanthrene-TFOs). Cerium (IV)/EDTA complexes, recently shown to bind and hydrolytically cleave ssDNA/dsDNA junctions and used in conjunction with PNA to successfully introduce genome changes in vitro and in vivo, are another important class of targeted chemical nucleases. The chemical reactivity and wide flexibility of metal complex design, combined with their coupling to sequence specific samples for directed applications, show that these compounds have a wide range of untapped applications in biological fields such as chemotherapy, protein engineering, DNA footprinting, and gene editing. Parallel advancements in cell and tissue targeting will be essential to maximise their therapeutic potential, either by using specific ligands or creating new targeting modalities.
AAV9 is considered the most efficient AAV serotype targeting blood-brain barriers. To enhance effective gene therapy for CNS illnesses, testing novel vectors with more efficient crossing capabilities is vital
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Although gene therapy for CNS diseases shows promise in cell and animal investigations, most human trials have failed to satisfy the requisite requirements. Finding novel techniques to boost the efficacy of gene therapy in treating CNS diseases is still crucial. A growing number of clinical trials have proved the efficacy and safety of using AAV vectors, making AAV vector research a gene therapy hotspot. However, due to the presence of the BBB, many siRNA and DNA with potential therapeutic value are difficult to transport from peripheral circulation to the brain using AAV vectors, limiting the clinical impact of gene therapy drugs in the CNS and posing a major challenge to the field of CNS gene therapy. In early studies, AAV9 was considered the most effective AAV serotype for getting through the blood-brain barrier and transduction to central nervous system cells following intravenous injection. Aavrh10 isolated from rhesus monkeys was equal to, if not superior to, AAV9. AAV-PHP.B, a newly built capsid, exhibits 40-fold greater efficacy than AAV9 in astrocyte and neuron transduction. AAV-PHP.eB, a modified AAV-PHP.B variety, was identified to retain PHP.B's AAV-capacity to transduce astrocytes while enhancing neuronal transduction. While the four serotypes AAV9, AAVrh10, AAV-PHP.B, and AAV-PHP.eB have been validated to penetrate mice's BBB following intravenous injection, the number of AAV vectors that can do so is low. Moreover, the manner in which AAV vectors penetrate the BBB remains unclear. To promote efficient gene therapy for CNS diseases, it is still important to test new vectors with more efficient crossing abilities and understand their crossing processes. In addition to technical challenges, AAV vectors in treating CNS diseases may be limited by cautious attitudes to innovative treatments. Continued advances in AAV vector research, together with early clinical trial outcomes, might help researchers achieve the full potential of AAV-based CNS disease therapies.
Artificial miRNAs are potential gene therapy tools, especially for incurable monogenic disorders
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Well-designed artificial miRNAs (amiRNAs) are as effective as short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) but produce 10–80 times less siRNA. They enable long-term silencing and are safer than other RNAi triggers. They are suitable instruments for gene therapy techniques, especially for incurable monogenic diseases. In clinical studies, stereotactic injection of AAV5 directly into the striatum is the most effective approach. Intravenous injections would not only make patients more comfortable, but would also reduce the cost of complex brain surgery. In terms of structure, biogenesis, and expression levels, Ami RNAs are more "natural" than other gene therapy methods. They also utilise the cell's native protein machinery and do not produce irreversible alterations, unlike genome editing technologies. The amount of time spent on a technology determines its level of progression. ASOs have an edge in this regard, as seen by the number of authorized medicines. Perhaps RNAi is just around the corner.
Reynaldy Ama 130218268 B UAS PI
Authors: ama reynaldy
Published: June 2021

In terms of the contribution of public expenditure, it appears that the 20% group (upper class) reaches 45.49% of the total national consumption, the 40% group (middle class) contributes 36.78%, and the 40% group (lower class) only contributes 17%. Middle and upper income groups whose income is not disturbed tend to choose to save rather than spend their money, considering that no one knows when the Covid-19 pandemic will end and when the situation will return to normal. Deflation in July and August 2020 was triggered more by falling prices for a number of food, beverage and transportation groups, indicating the large demand in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic. The decline in spending amid the Covid-19 pandemic is mainly triggered by the weakening of the purchasing power of the lower class and the tendency of the upper middle segment to withhold spending resulting in further pressure on the income of small and medium enterprises. Based on the results of the ADB survey, it can be seen that 61.1% of MSMEs in Indonesia reduced the number of workers in March 2020, 59.8% of MSMEs reduced workers in March 2020, and 59.8% of MSMEs reduced workers in April 2020.With a contribution of 61.1% to Gross Domestic Product, the recovery of the ultra-micro and MSME sectors is very urgent amidst the pressure of the Covid-19 pandemic. Ultra-micro financing based on digital technology is intended to accelerate penetration and financial inclusion, considering that ultra-micro business actors still have difficulty accessing bank financing due to various factors, such as not having a bank account
Perlukah Sumut Dimekarkan?
Authors: Gultom Pardomuan
Published: June 2021

Yang perlu dikaji disini adalah bagaimana perkembangan dalam pengusulan pembentukan Provinsi Sumatera Tenggara dan Provinsi Nias; dan untuk kasus tertentu, seperti usulan pembentukan Provinsi Tapanuli, apa perbedaan antara masa sebelum 'tragedi Protap' dan pasca tragedi tersebut serta seberapa besar peluangnya. Untuk mengetahui prosesnya, maka yang menjadi landasan berpikir untuk menganalisa situasi yang berkembang dalam upaya pemekaran Provinsi Sumatera Utara, yakni dasar konstitusi yang menjadi landasan sistematika bagi pembentukan daerah otonom baru dan respon kebijakan. Dasar konstitusi maksudnya adalah aturan hukum (rule of law) dan aturan main (rule of game) yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang No. 32 Tahun 2004 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah dan Peraturan Pemerintah No. 78 Tahun 2007 tentang Tata Cara Pembentukan, Penghapusan, dan Penggabungan Daerah. dan respon kebijakan dimaksudkan pada proses politik yang dilalui dalam upaya pembentukan daerah otonom baru.
Gene therapy vectors for targeting the heart
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

The delivery of therapeutic drugs to the heart continues to be a challenge. Developing precise strategies to target the heart is equally as important as discovering new therapeutic medications. To grow this sector, a program that focuses on targeted delivery to the heart, as well as efforts to improve cardiac selectivity and retention of therapeutic medications, may be required. Targeted medicine distribution is one of the most important and unresolved issues in pharmacology. Viruses, on the other hand, have evolved unique and extremely accurate tropisms toward their biological targets through the usage of specific binding proteins. The inclusion of these viral proteins into the plasma membrane of EVs should improve the efficiency with which EVs transport drugs to target cells. Understanding the structure, content, and mechanisms of exosome–cell interactions and uptake might also help with the creation of bioengineered exosomes and other EVs that might be used as targeted drug delivery vehicles. In addition to establishing the optimal vector for each therapeutic ingredient, effective clinical translation of cardiac medicines requires minimally invasive yet highly selective delivery techniques.
Proportional Hazard Model: A Discussion with Serial Killer Data
Authors: Khatua Sayak
Published: June 2021

In this paper I use the Weibull Proportional Hazard model to look at risks associated with the serial killer if they are not arrested, when their killing spree ends. I use a unique dataset on Serial Killers for the United States containing information on over 3000 reported serial killers in the history of the United States. I look at different groups of people based on age, sex and race and how the hazard and survival function change based on the specifications.
Uptake of planning as a self-regulation strategy
Authors: Renko Elina , Kostamo Katri , Hankonen Nelli
Published: June 2021

This is a pre-print of a published study: Renko E, Kostamo K, Hankonen N. Uptake of planning as a self-regulation strategy: Adolescents' reasons for (not) planning physical activity in an intervention trial. Br J Health Psychol. 2022 Nov;27(4):1209-1225. doi: 10.1111/bjhp.12595 Objectives Planning is an effective self-regulation strategy. However, little is known why some people take up planning and why some do not. Such understanding would help improve interventions to promote planning. We investigated how adolescents explain their (non) use of planning for physical activity after an intervention.Methods Qualitative content analysis was employed to investigate follow-up interviews (n=19) of Let’s Move It trial participants twice post-intervention: 6–8 weeks and 14 months post-baseline. In the intervention, planning was one of the key techniques used to promote PA.Results Out of the seven categories linked to reasons for using or not using planning, most were related to feelings that participant anticipated to result from planning. Action- and identity-related concerns were also raised. The reasons for planning were that the plan (1) helps to clarify what to do and to get things done, (2) strengthens the feeling of autonomy, (3) promotes a sense of progress, ability and control over one’s PA. The reasons for not planning were that (having) a plan may (1) feel forced and like an unpleasant duty, (2) take away life’s spontaneity and freedom, (3) result in anticipated annoyance and bad mood if one fails to enact the plan, or (4) be an effective strategy for others but not for the interviewee.Conclusions Planning may not only link to behavioural control but also the sense of autonomy, and thus subsequent motivation. The findings suggest various strategies to promote planning, including challenging non-planner identity and harnessing social dimension of planning.
REVIEW BOOK - PPO-R Guide : Youth Optimism Development Programme Guide
Authors: Fanani Mochamad Zaenal
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this book was to increase the power of the individual, especially in optimism, and to control positive emotions based on the principles of positive psychology of a teenager and minimize negative thoughts to develop positive feelings to develop optimism about life. The book can be read by the youth himself, who needs guidance in developing optimism in himself. These books are designed for psychologists, therapists, guidance and counseling teachers, and psych undergraduates as guidelines or ordinances on developing optimism in any child or youth.
Manajemen Strategik: Pemikiran Michael Porter dan Implikasinya bagi Pengembangan Ekonomi Kreatif
Authors: Wijiharjono Nuryadi
Published: June 2021

Beginning from the strategic thinking of Michael Porter, the purpose of this paper is to present implications for the development of competitive advantage in the creative economy in the global context. According to Porter, there are five competitive forces that determine industry strength: (1) potential new entrants; (2) suppliers; (3) buyers; (4) substitute product; and (5) competitors in industry. That is, how the company’s leadership understands the five things will determine what strategy should be chosen. Survey evidence shows that the development of the creative economy is an evolution that directs economic growth.
Bốn trường đại học có tổng số công bố của các nhà khoa học vượt 1000
Authors: Nguyen Minh-Hoang
Published: June 2021

Theo dữ liệu Publons (ISI Web of Science), có bốn trường Đại học Việt Nam có tổng số công bố khoa học của các nhà khoa học vượt 1000 và 14 nhà nghiên cứu người Việt tại các cơ sở nghiên cứu trong nước có trên 100 công bố khoa học.
Transformasi UMKM melalui Digitalisasi untuk Pertumbuhan Ekonomi yang Inklusif
Authors: Munawir Muhammad Rapli Al
Published: June 2021

Artikel ini berisikan proses transformasi UMKM untuk pertumbuhan ekonomi yang inklusif, peran UMKM dalam mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi, alasan ekosistem UMKM harus diperkuat, peran digitalisasi pada pengembangan UMKM, dan alasan sinergi mendorong transformasi UMKM harus diperkuat.
Liposomes can minimize cardiotoxicity, address drug resistance, and improve overall drug release profiles in breast cancer
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Following the demand for novel techniques for breast cancer therapy, the experimental development of liposome delivery systems is moving rapidly. There is, however, no clear concept or road map for designing the unique formulation of the liposome for breast cancer. Most papers select targeting and triggering modalities based on molecular subtypes of the tumor and existing conventional therapy. Although conventional liposome-formulated chemotherapeutic drugs have been widely used in clinical practice in the treatment of breast cancer, clinical acceptance of these innovative liposome formulations poses some hurdles. When synthesizing such liposomes, the triggering mechanisms must be further investigated. For example, for light-triggered liposomes, the phospholipid component must be selected depending on photo-induced processes. Unsaturated phospholipids would be used when using a photochemical pathway, such as a photo-oxidative reaction. In addition, the active components in the triggerable liposome formulation must be modified to balance healthy tissue benefits and dangers.From the perspective of therapeutic applications, future development of liposome technology will help long-term breast cancer patients. Many studies have demonstrated that various drug-charged liposome architectures can minimize cardiotoxicity, address drug resistance, and improve overall drug release profiles. These liposomes also present opportunities for site-specific therapy by modifying the liposome surface with targeted ligands, lowering non-specific effects of traditional chemotherapeutic drugs. The new generation of triggering characteristics of liposomes enables much more precise management of payload release, greatly enhancing therapy outcomes for breast cancer patients. Liposome formulations can widen the spectrum of drug/gene delivery possibilities for breast cancer therapy, addressing critical medication toxicity concerns and limited therapeutic effectiveness.
Maximizing the Role of Digital Platforms for Medium, Small and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Wardojo Felisha Julia
Published: June 2021

The role of MSMEs is big for the Indonesian economy. The government should help MSMEs to developed themselves during the Covid-19 pandemic. The best thing to do is to maximize the role of digital platforms for MSMEs so that they can collaborate with online platforms and increasing their sales.
The Technology Increasing MSMEs In Indonesia
Authors: Virantau Gilbert Nathaniel
Published: June 2021

The Indonesian economy experienced deflation of 0,1% in July 2020. One of the reason is because the Covid-19. The recovery of MSMEs cannot be separated from the information technology, considering that digitalization is the key so that enterpreneurs can survive and develop amid the Covid-19. The policy of the government’s to provide business credit to ultra-micro and small businesses as well as social assistance for the poor and victims of termination of employment is believed to be capable to save Indonesia’s economy from recession.
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing has demonstrated significant promise for genetic correction in autologous hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

According to current research, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing has shown enormous potential in the correction of genetic defects in autologous hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Furthermore, the advancement of iPSC reprogramming technology as well as the CRISPR/Cas9 system has opened the door to new possibilities in the field of gene and cell therapy combinations. Despite the fact that there are a number of technological obstacles to overcome, CRISPR/Cas9 remains a promising therapeutic method with a great deal of potential for future gene therapy applications. Early success in treating hereditary hematological disorders opens the door to new options for treating other genetic disorders and constitutes a significant step forward in the development of gene therapy.
新型コロナ防止のワクチン基金：現代経済歴のマイルストーン
Authors: Ho Manh-Toan , Huyen Nguyen Thanh Thanh , Le Tam-Tri
Published: June 2021

新型コロナ防止のワクチン基金：現代経済歴のマイルストーン
Nanomedicines for enhanced permeability and retention (EPR)-stratified patients have the potential to improve treatment outcomes
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Nanomedicines are being tasked with boosting the efficacy of existing immunotherapies. Understanding the pathophysiology of the targeted tumors is critical for devising the optimum strategy. The corticosteroid dexamethasone has recently been discovered to promote tumor perfusion and nanomedicine accumulation. Only a limited percentage of patients, however, respond to immune checkpoint blockage (ICB). In the United States, for example, it is believed that ICB therapy is ineffective for about 87 percent of cancer patients. The care of enhanced permeability and retention (EPR)-stratified patients has the potential to improve treatment outcomes. Treating patients with several metastatic foci with varying amounts of EPR impact could increase nanomedicine impact in cancer patients, but only losartan has yet to reach clinical trials. Other medication repurposing techniques have been proposed for the increased efficacy of small medicines and antibodies, but they are still in clinical trials and need to be tested in human patients. The treatment of these patients could improve the effectiveness of nanomedi-based immunotherapy and reduce the toxicity of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. This could have a positive effect on cancer patients' survival rates and quality of life, as well as on the cost of treatment. The potential of nanomedicines to deliver a wide range of immunomodulating drugs and modulate their action in space
Carbon nanofibers assist in the manufacture of prosthetic joints, promote tissue, organ, nerve regeneration and development, and improve anticancer therapy impact and chemosensitization for a range of tumor types
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have initiated a new era of outstanding biological applications for future generations. CNFs can be used as efficient and unique biocompatible reinforcing materials, biosensors, perfect platforms for supporting nanoparticles and immobilizing biomolecules, and wound dressing support due to their surface functionality, ensuring biocompatibility and coupling with metallic nanoparticles or organics. Using CNFs helps to build artificial joints, promoting tissue, organ, and nerve regeneration and development. In addition, multiple published studies have revealed CNF's ability to boost the impact and chemosensitization of anticancer therapies for a range of tumor types while lowering undesirable drug effects. Also, the toxicity of CNFs as effective biomaterials was explored, as well as the limits. CNF research focuses on biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering and biosensors. The bulk of these biological applications utilise CNTs, graphene, and fullerene, although CNFs are still rarely cited in these domains. As a result, increased emphasis and effort should be placed on examining the potential benefits of adopting CNFs. Lastly, the dearth of proven evidence on CNF toxicity should push scientists to complete the dataset necessary for CNF risk assessment. For example, short- and long-term chronic animal bioassays and standard tests can be utilized to replicate real-world conditions for occupational, local, and systemic administration of CNFs.
Disease Prediction from Drug Information using Machine Learning
Authors: DEB KOUSHIK , Das Shuvendu , Mahata Sainik Kumar , Das Abhishek
Published: June 2021

Drug reviews play a very important role in providing crucial medical care information for both healthcare professionals and consumers. Also, in the absence of an actual practicing healthcare professional, a consumer can look for an online review of drugs before making a purchase. But these reviews are generally unstructured in nature and often do not provide concise information on the disease/nature of the disease, the drugs are prescribed for. In this scenario, a learning model that can be trained to predict the disease/type of disease, when provided witha drug name and its corresponding review, becomes very important. To mitigate the above-mentioned issue, we present and compare various machine learning-based prediction models. Also, the performance of each of the models has been quantified using metrics such as precision, recall, F1-Score, and accuracy.
A Comparative Study of SPM and XPM in Er-Yb Co-doped Fiber
Authors: Kumar Aditya , Qazi Gausia
Published: June 2021

Optical fiber communication has been the most versatile and revolutionary medium of communication that has helped in connecting millions of people across the globe. These traits have seen tremendous development in the sector of optical fiber communication. There are now many desired qualities that are expected out of an optical fiber communication like large transmission capacity and a lesser amount of losses. Communication systems operating with higher transmission rates have found an essential role of non-linear fiber optics. The behaviour of light in non-linear media is dealt with non-linear optics. Cross-Phase Modulation (XPM) and Self-Phase Modulation (SPM) are a few non-linearities occurring in the optical fiber. Non-linear effects reduce the performances of optical fibers. In this paper, a comparative study of non-linear effects in Er-Yb co-doped Fiber are reviewed using simulation and the results are compared with optical systems utilizing normal fiber. Benefits of utilizing Er-Yb fiber has been demonstrated by analysing effective systems comprising the Er-Yb co-doped fiber and their ability to mitigate the non-linearities.
Effect of viscosity on electrical conductivity in liquid foods
Authors: Subbiah Balaji , Morison Ken R.
Published: June 2021

The electrical conductivities of foods affect their heating with ohmic heating and microwaves, and are required for electrical tomography studies. A range of model foods consisting of solutions of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC), NaCMC + sugars, concentrated skim milk, whey protein and viscous sugar solutions, with various amounts of electrolytes were prepared. The electrical conductivity was measured using a parallel plate sensor connected to an RCL meter using an a.c. voltage. The conductivity was found to increase with concentration, but was reduced by the effects of viscosity on ion mobility. The conductivity was closely related to bulk viscosity for sugar solutions following the modified Walden equation, but was unrelated to the viscosity of NaCMC solutions. Instead an “ion-diffusion” viscosity was defined and calculated from the electrical conductivity data, and this was found to relate well to the expected viscosity of the solution to which ions are exposed at a molecular scale.
Transfer learning for enhancing the homogenization-theory-based prediction of elasto-plastic response of particle/fiber-reinforced composites
Authors: Jung Jiyoung , Kim Yongtaek , Park Jinkyoo , Ryu Seunghwa
Published: June 2021

We recently proposed the adaptive incrementally affine method as a novel homogenization scheme that enables accurate prediction of the nonlinear mechanical response of particulate-reinforced composites under cyclic or multiaxial loading conditions. However, being a mean-field homogenization method that relies on the solution of Eshelby’s inclusion problem, the aforementioned method does not provide accurate predictions when the shape of the reinforcement has a high aspect ratio or the interaction among reinforcements becomes significant. Herein, we propose a combined theoretical and data-driven approach in which the homogenization method is followed by transfer learning to enhance the prediction of the nonlinear mechanical response of particle/fiber-reinforced composites. We trained a deep neural network (DNN) with a massive stress-strain curve dataset of a composite subjected to uniaxial loading in the elasto-plastic regime based on the adaptive incrementally affine homogenization method; then, we fine-tuned the pre-trained DNN via transfer learning with a relatively small dataset based on time-consuming three-dimensional (3D) finite element analyses (FEA). The transfer learning approach exhibited better predictive performance than the DNN directly trained only with the FEA dataset did, for a wide range of reinforcement volume fractions and shapes. With transfer learning, the DNN exploits the knowledge learned from the homogenization theory to perform a new learning task on a small dataset from 3D FEA. The combined theoretical and data-driven approach proposed herein can be extended to other composite analyses when experiments or simulations require excessive time and cost for a large dataset and the applicability of the homogenization theory is limited.
Comparison of Bayesian Varying Coefficient Models for the Development of Nonergodic Ground-Motion Models
Authors: Kuehn Nicolas
Published: June 2021

A nonrgodic ground-motion model explicitly takes systematic local source, path and site effects on the predicted ground-motion into account. With an increasing number of ground-motion records, it s possible to estimate these effects. Landwehr et al. (2016) proposed a varying coefficient model as a tool to estimate nonergodic ground-motion models, based on Gaussian processes. Gaussian processes are computationally expen- sive, so for large data sets, some approximations have to be made. Here, we compare different Bayesian implementations of varying coefficient models, using the probabilistic programming language Stan (Carpenter et al., 2017), and the integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) (Rue et al., 2009). The models are used to fit nonergodic models on the California subset of the NGA-West2 data set (Ancheta et al., 2014). We find that both implementations lead to very similar results, both in the estimated parameters and the predicted ground motions.
PsyBuilder: an open-source, cross-platform graphical experiment builder for Psychtoolbox with built-in performance optimization
Authors: Lin Zhicheng , Yang Zhe , Feng Chengzhi , Zhang Yang
Published: June 2021

Central in an experimental psychologist’s toolkit is software for stimulus presentation and response collection. An ideal package should combine flexibility and power in the choice of stimuli and responses, precision in control and timing, and ease of use. Psychtoolbox has remained the most popular open-source package, but it suffers from two major long-standing limitations: being script-based only, Psychtoolbox is challenging to learn and time-consuming to program and debug; scripting can also lead to timing inaccuracies unwittingly. We dissolve these limitations by developing the first general-purpose graphical experiment builder for Psychtoolbox, called PsyBuilder, which allows users to graphically implement sophisticated experimental tasks through intuitive drag-and-drop without the need of coding and with built-in optimized timing precision. PsyBuilder is poised to facilitate wider adoption of Psychtoolbox in teaching and research in lieu of proprietary software, fueling the open science movement. Furthermore, its built-in performance optimization and drag-and-drop design can improve data-collection efficiency and accuracy to accelerate scientific progress.
Automaticity as a Vulnerability to Depression: Daily Mood-Reactive Rumination and Early-Life Stress in People With- and Without Depression History
Authors: Hjartarson Kristján Helgi , Snorrason Ivar , Bringmann Laura Francina , Ólafsson Ragnar P.
Published: June 2021

Depressive rumination has been conceptualized as a mental habit that is initiated automatically without conscious awareness, intent or control in response to negative mood. However, it is unknown whether depression vulnerability is characterized by elevated levels of mood-reactive rumination at the level of short-term dynamics. Using mobile ecological momentary assessment, formerly depressed individuals with a recurrent history of depression (n = 94) and non-clinical controls (n = 55) recorded in-the-moment affect and rumination ten times daily over six days, after completing measures of trait ruminative brooding, early-life stress, and habitual characteristics of negative thinking (e.g., automaticity, lack of conscious awareness, intent, and control). Momentary fluctuations in negative affect were prospectively associated with greater rumination at the next sampling occasion in formerly depressed participants whereas this pattern was not observed in non-clinical controls. In formerly depressed participants, the degree of mood-reactivity was moderated by habitual characteristics of negative thinking, which interacted with a history of early-life stress in predicting greater mood-reactive rumination. It was not, however, associated with depression course nor with the frequency of trait ruminative brooding. Mood-reactive rumination may be a vulnerability marker for depression, triggered in response to negative affect with a high degree of automaticity, making it difficult to control. It might constitute a risk independent of the depressive course and originate in early-life stress. Future studies may need to go beyond frequency and target the mood-reactivity and automaticity of ruminative thinking to reduce depression vulnerability
Personality Pathology and Momentary Stress Processes
Authors: Vize Colin , Kaurin Aleksandra , Wright Aidan G.C.
Published: June 2021

The expression of personality pathology differs between people and within a person in day-to-day life. Personality pathology may reflect, in part, dysregulation in basic behavioral processes. Thus, a useful approach for studying maladaptive trait expression comes from literature on stress and daily hassles, which provide dynamic accounts for the relations between individual differences and maladaptive dysregulation. This study sought to integrate maladaptive traits and dynamic stress processes to further dynamic models of personality pathology. In a combined clinical/community sample (N=297) oversampled for interpersonal problems, we used ecological momentary assessment (observation N=19,968) to investigate how maladaptive traits moderated the processes of stress generation, stress reactivity, and affective spillover/inertia. Tests of our preregistered hypotheses provided a mix of supportive and null findings for stress processes identified in past research, and mixed support for the moderating role of personality. The results provide insights into the relations between everyday stressors and personality pathology.
Book Review : "Generation Returning to the Roots: The Efforts of the Young Generation to Continue the Indonesian Imagination"
Authors: Faiqoh Anida , Pandin Moses Glorino Rumambo
Published: June 2021

The purpose of writing the book "Generation Back to the Roots" is to describe the current millennial generation. The generation that uses social media to build wider networks and insights. This book is about an age that likes to get together, talk about many ideas, and try to make them happen. Besides that, it also describes the millennial generation who use optimism as a starting point for movement and change. The condition of the millennial generation trying to stay back at the roots of the noble culture of the Indonesian nation is a big picture of the book "Generation Back to the Roots."The book "Generation Back to the Roots" was written and intended to meet readers' needs, namely the nation's younger generations. The generation that begins to recognize the nation's civilization. The era that started to move to explore the noble culture of the country. This book explains the conditions of the millennial generation who are struggling to return to the roots of the nation and state's lives. The millennial generation and the general public are starting to forget the origins of the Indonesian government.This book presents the author's research for more than ten years regarding the millennial generation, who are starting to re-discuss ideals and build national narratives. In addition, it also provides information about the succession of ages in each period. It also tells how the development of mindset from generation to generation maintains the roots of the Indonesian nation. And most importantly, the book "Generation Back to the Roots" focuses on how the result of the mentality of the current millennial generation is starting to think about the nation's ideology as the root of the state. As well as presenting information form of motivation to the millennial generation to keep returning to the origins of Indonesian life.This book is quite interesting and important to review because we can use the book "Generation Back to the Roots" to understand the younger generation to try to continue the imagination of the Indonesian nation and bring about change in continuing the nation's ideals. Moreover, it is explained how can use the mindset from generation to generation to think and learn for the next millennial generation. The book "Generation Back to the Roots" is essential to review because it contains a moral message to the current millennial generation to continue learning and bringing development to a more advanced Indonesia. It is also necessary to check this book because the current millennial generation likes to read information and filter information with a developed mindset. Moreover, the book "Generasi Back to the Roots is also equipped with illustrations that make the reader not bored to finish this book.
Book Review: State Defense Management: A Modern Approach to Becoming a Great Nation (Manajemen Bela Negara : Pendekatan Modern Menjadi Bangsa Yang Besar)
Authors: Ferdinan Muhammad , Pandin Moses Glorino Rumambo
Published: June 2021

AB Susanto, a writer, wrote a book entitled Management of State Defense: A Modern Approach to Becoming a Great Nation (Manajemen Bela Negara: Pendekatan Modern Menjadi Bangsa yang Besar). Writing this book aims to facilitate understanding for all levels of society regarding state defense management in a broader perspective. The management of state defense more broadly includes the meaning, causes, elements, history, and challenges in defending the state; the condition of the Indonesian nation; main character and role mismatch; what it takes to become a great nation; the existence of economic growth; foreign policy and diplomacy capabilities; multicultural society as an asset; and disaster management as part of defending the nation. The book “Management of State Defense: A Modern Approach to Becoming a Great Nation” is intended by the author for all levels of society, from students, teachers, athletes, technicians, doctors, businessmen, and government officials. The target of the wider community is due to the various capacities and roles of the community. Thus, the community can manage this diversity by implementing the right state defense strategy. This book describes the problem of state defense management from a broader and deeper perspective. The state defense management presented includes the concept of defending the state (to equalize perceptions), the actors who play a role in protecting the state (not only in the form of the Military and Police), and the impacts caused in defending the state. Of course, the information is presented with light language and actual illustrations.
Book Review: Concept and Praksis multicultural Education (Konsep dan Praksis Pendidikan Multikultural)
Authors: Sabira Putri Ega , Pandin Moses Glorino Rumambo
Published: June 2021

Multicultural education is a strategic instrument for millennials to build the nation's spirit of nationality, unity, and integrity. The writing of this review aims to inspire various schools in Indonesia in shaping coexistence behavior in a multicultural society. The younger generation needs to get a broad knowledge of the importance of multicultural education to create a personality that reflects the spirit of nationalism and patriotism. This paper discusses multicultural education and its application to the foundation of Sultan Iskandar Muda (YPSIM) in Medan. The goal of implementing multicultural education in schools is students get the same opportunities to achieve their achievements without worrying about discrimination. Writing this review provides benefits to the reader in dealing with various social problems and symptoms due to differences in ethnicity, race, religion, and values in a society. Banks and Johnson said that there are five basic dimensions for transforming the structure of the school, namely (1) content integration, (2) an equity pedagogy, (3) empowering school culture and social structure, (4) prejudice reduction, and (5) a knowledge construction process.