bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GAMBARAN GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DENGAN DISIPLIN KERJA KARYAWAN DI RUKITAL DR. F. X. SUHARDJO LANTAMAL IX
Authors: Moh. Dahlan Sely
Published: June 2023

Disiplin merupakan salah satu kriteria yang dapat dijadikan sebagai landasan atau dasar bagi kelancaran proses pembentukan, pemberdayaan dan pengembangan sumber daya manusia dalam hal ini karyawan. Faktor pertama yang diidentifikasi mempengaruhi kinerja pegawai adalah kepemimpinan. Faktor kedua yang diidentifikasi mempengaruhi kinerja pegawai adalah motivasi. Motivasi merupakan usaha sadar untuk mempengaruhi perilaku seseorang agar mengarah pada tercapainya tujuan organisasi yang telah ditentukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan Gaya Kepemimpinan dengan Disiplin Kerja Karyawan di RS TNI-AL  Dr F X Suhardjo Tahun 2020. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian survey analitik dengan pendekatan pendekatan deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan yang bekerja di Rumkital dr. F. X. Suhardjo Lantamal IX Ambon berjumlah 68 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 58 responden dengan teknik pengambilan sampelnya yaitu Proposive Random Sampling. Intrumen  yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa kuesioner yang dan alat tulis menulis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan untuk kategori gaya kepemimpinan paling banyak gaya kepemimpinan yang baik berjumlah 32 orang (55,2%). Sedangkan untuk disiplin kerjanya yaitu masih tinggi kategori disiplin berjumlah 32 orang (55,2%).
Identifikasi Fungi Penyebab Tinea Unguium pada Kuku Kaki Petani Padi di Dusun Sekarum Desa Gandarum Kecamatan Kajen Kabupaten Pekalongan
Authors: Syafiq Naqsyabandi
Published: June 2023

Tinea unguium yaitu suatu keadaan secara umum yang ditandai dengan adanya kehancuran atau menguning dibagian bawah ujung kuku jari kaki. Kuku dapat menghitam dan menebal. Tinea unguium merupakan suatu infeksi pada kuku yang di sebabkan oleh jenis jamur Dermatophyta. Penyebab munculnya Tinea unguium pada kuku kaki petani padi diakibatkan oleh faktor kelembaban, suhu dan nutrisi. Dusun sekarum merupakan desa yang penduduknya bermatapencaharian sebagai petani padi. Petani bekerja tidak menggunakan alat pelindung kaki sehingga kuku para petani padi di Dusun Sekarum dapat terkena oleh infeksi jamur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi jenis fungi penyebab Tinea unguium pada Kuku Kaki Petani Padi di Dusun Sekarum Desa Gandarum Kecamatan Kajen Kabupaten Pekalongan. Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan populasi sebanyak 50 orang dan metode total sampling dengan toleransi kesalahan 0,2 sehingga sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 16 sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 8 sampel (50 %) terdapat jamur Trichophyton rubrum dan Trichophyton mentagrophytes, 4 sampel (25%) terdapat jamur Trichophyton mentagrophytes dan 4 sampel (25%) terdapat jamur Trichophyton rubrum. Trichophyton rubrum  memiliki ciri koloni berwarna putih, memiliki tekstur seperti bludru, konsisteni lembak, berbentuk bulat. Secara mikroskopis memiliki hifa yang halus, berdinding tipis, mikrokonidia berbentuk seperti tetesan air mata. Trichophyton mentagrophytes  secara makroskopis memiliki ciri koloni berwarna putih kekuningan, memiliki tekstur seperti bludru. Secara mikroskopis mikrokonidia berbentuk bulat bergerombol seperti buah anggur.
Identifikasi Cemaran Bakteri Pada Jamu Serbuk Produksi Rumah Tangga Yang Dijual Di Salah Satu Pasar Tradisional Di Kabupaten Pekalongan
Authors: Mulia Susanti
Published: June 2023

Jamu serbuk adalah sediaan obat tradisional dari bahan alam berupa simplisia, sediaan galenik, atau campurannya yang penggunaanya telah diwariskan secara turun temurun. Sebagian besar masyarakat mengkonsumsi jamu karena jamu dipercaya memberikan manfaat bagi kesehatan. Untuk menjamin keamanan dan mutu obat tradisonal pemerintah menetapkan Persyaratan keamanan dan mutu obat tradisional yang diatur dalam Peraturan BPOM RI Nomor 12 tahun 2014 tentang Persyaratan Keamanan Dan Mutu Obat Tradisional. Dalam peraturan tersebut dinyatakan bahwa produk obat tradisional tidak boleh terkontaminasi bakteri Escherichia coli,  Salmonella Sp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Staphylococcus aureus  Adanya cemaran bakteri dapat membahayakan kesehatan masyarakat yang mengkonsumsinya berupa infeksi gastrointestinal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi bakteri kontaminan  pada jamu serbuk produksi rumah tangga yang dijual di salah satu pasar tradisional di Kabupaten Pekalongan. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Sampel yang diperiksa berasal dari 10 pedagang jamu serbuk yang dijual di salah satu pasar tradisional di Kab. Pekalongan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 10 sampel jamu serbuk yang diteliti ditemukan 2 sampel terkontaminasi bakteri Escherichia coli, dan 1 sampel terkontaminasi  Salmonella parathypi a
Hasil Pemeriksaan Anti Streptolisin-O (ASTO) Pada Gejala Klinis Penyakit Tonsilitis Mahasiswa AAK Pekalongan
Authors: Clara Claritta Siregar  , Fitrianingsih  Fitrianingsih  , Suparyati Suparyati
Published: June 2023

Tonsilitis adalah infeksi (virus atau bakteri) dan inflamasi pada tonsil. Faktor timbulnya tonsilitis ialah rangsangan menahun dari rokok, beberapa jenis makanan, higene mulut yang buruk, pengaruh cuaca, kelelahan fisik dan pengobatan tonsilitis akut yang tidak adekuat. Berdasarkan hasil observasi peneliti di kampus AAK Pekalongan ada beberapa pedagang yang kurang memperhatikan makanan yang dijual. Mulai dari kebersihan tempat barang dagangan sampai bahan yang digunakan untuk membuat makanan yang dijual tersebut. Biasanya mahasiswa sering mengkonsumsi makanan yang terlalu pedas seperti sambal atau saos yang tidak diketahui jelas komposisinya, konsumsi gorengan berlebihan, dan minum minuman dingin. Itu semua apabila dikonsumsi dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hasil dan persentase pemeriksaan Anti Streptolisin-O (ASTO) pada gejala klinis penyakit Tonsilitis Mahasiswa AAK Pekalongan. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian deskriptif. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Klinik Akademi Analis Kesehatan Pekalongan. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 21 mahasiswa dan pemeriksaan metode slide aglutination test. Hasil pemeriksaan Anti Streptolisin-O dari 21 sampel mahasiswa didapatkan 76% hasil pemeriksaan Anti Streptolisin-O (ASTO) negatif dan 24% hasil pemeriksaan Anti Streptolisin-O (ASTO) positif disertai dengan mengalami gejala klinis penyakit tonsilitis. Dari 21 sampel mahasiswa sebanyak 16 mahasiswa (76%) hasil pemeriksaan Anti Streptolisin-O (ASTO) negatif dan 5 mahasiswa (24%) hasil pemeriksaan Anti Streptolisin-O (ASTO) positif.
ANALISIS CEMARAN BAKTERI Coliform fecal PADA SUMBER AIR WARGA DI SENTRA PRODUKSI TAHU KECAMATAN TARUB KABUPATEN TEGAL
Authors: Mulia Susanti  , Moh. Dimas Agung M
Published: June 2023

Latar belakang : Tegal merupakan salah satu daerah dengan komoditas makanan yang terkenal adalah tahu aci. Makanan khas dengan bahan utama tahu ini, menjadikan banyak tumbuhnya sentra produksi tahu di Kabupaten Tegal.  Banyaknya industri tahu dimasyarkat tentu saja memberikan kontribusi positif pada kenaikan tingkat ekonomi warga, namun muncul pula ancaman dampak negatif terhadap kesehatan yang dipicu oleh limbah yang dihasilkan dari produksi tahu tersebut. Sebagain besar industri tahu berskala rumah tangga, sehingga tidak dilengkapi sistem pembuangan limbah yang baik dan langsung dibuang ke lingkungan sekitar Dikhawatirkan dari pembuangan limbah tahu tersebut dapat mencemari sumber air yang digunakan masyarakat untuk kebutuhan sehari-hari karena tercemar oleh bakteri pembusuk dari limbah ampas tahu.
Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui cemaran bakteri Coliform fecal pada air sumur warga di salah satu sentra produksi  tahu kecamatan Tarub Kabupaten Tegal.
Metode : Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah deskriptif, menggunakan metode MPN dan indentifikasi bakteri coliform secara biokimia. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 8 sampel yang berasal dari air sumur disekitar sentra produksi tahu Kec Tarub Kab. Tegal
Hasil : Dari 8 sampel yang diperiksa didapatkan 100% sampel terkontaminasi bakteri Coliform, dengan jenis bakteri 5 sampel (62,5%) terdapat bakteri Escherichia coli dan 3 sampel (37,5%) terdapat bakteri Klebsiella Sp.
Kesimpulan : Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa seluruh sampel terkontaminasi bakteri Coliform, 5 dari 8 sampel yang diperiksa terkontaminasi bakteri coliform fecal  Escherichia coli.
PERILAKU IBU TERHADAP KELENGKAPAN PEMBERIAN IMUNISASI DASAR PADA BAYI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SIALANG BUAH KABUPATEN SERDANG BEDAGAI TAHUN 2022
Authors: Jamaliyah Jamaliyah  , Ninsah Mandala Putri Br Sembiring
Published: June 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted health services around the world, including immunization services. Immunization is an effort to actively induce or increase a person's immunity against a disease, so that if one day they are exposed to the disease they will not get sick or only experience a mild illness. This study aims to determine the analysis of maternal behavior towards the completeness of basic immunization during the Covid-19 pandemic in the working area of ​​the Sialang Buah Health Center, Serdang Bedagai Regency in 2022. This type of research is an analytical survey with a cross sectional method approach. The number of samples used was 97 people. The data analysis technique uses the Chi Square test. the results obtained from 97 respondents, it was found that the administration of basic immunization did not decrease during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Pengaruh Akreditasi Terhadap Peningkatan Mutu Pelayanan Rumah Sakit
Authors: Solehudin Solehudin  , Sancka Stella Ganiasnda Sihura
Published: June 2023

Hospital accreditation is one way to assess the quality of hospital services. Improving the quality of hospital services is very important, as hospitals provide the most critical and dangerous services in the healthcare system, and their target activity is human life. The aim of this research was to determine the influence of accreditation on the improvement of service quality after the Covid-19 pandemic. The research used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach. The data used in this research were secondary data. The research was conducted at Depok Private Hospital from January to March 2022. The data analysis used the General Linear Model Repeated Measure statistical test.
The results of the study showed that the value of hospital service quality based on the Greenhouse-Geisser sig 0.035 < 0.05. Thus, it can be said that accreditation affects the quality of hospital services with a trend of increasing service quality values from January to December 2022.
The conclusion of the study is that the quality of service in hospitals after the Covid-19 pandemic has changed. There are differences in service quality values every month. Service quality tends to improve during the year 2022.
Studi Literatur : Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan Masyarakat dalam Memilih Asuransi Kesehatan
Authors: Khoirunnisa Ghefira Yusrani  , Cahya Arbitera  , Putri Andini Novianti  , Rossa Shafira Nur Sabrina  , Syalisa Syabil  , Ummi Rahma
Published: June 2023

Asuransi kesehatan merupakan suatu alternatif cara pembayaran layanan kesehatan yang dapat dipakai karena memiliki banyak fungsi peningkatan kesehatan suatu individu bahkan hingga dapat mencapai prinsip health coverage. Berdasarkan data dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), sebanyak 69,62% penduduk di Indonesia memiliki jaminan kesehatan pada 2022. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah peneliti ingin mengetahui mengenai faktor-faktor apa saja yang memengaruhi keputusan masyarakat dalam memilih asuransi kesehatan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dari sepuluh jurnal nasional yang diperoleh menggunakan fasilitas database online melalui halaman google scholar. Jurnal dipilih berdasarkan publikasi yang diterbitkan antara 2014 dan 2022. Terdapat berbagai faktor yang memengaruhi masyarakat dalam memilih asuransi kesehatan, antara lain faktor budaya, sosial, pribadi, dan psikologis. Faktor tersebut berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian asuransi. Selain itu, terdapat faktor produk itu sendiri dalam keputusan masyarakat untuk memilih asuransi kesehatan, yaitu faktor pemasaran, produk, jaminan, dan harga. Sedangkan, aspek wilayah, status perkawinan, rumah tangga, jenis kelamin, umur, kepemilikan NIK, tingkat pendidikan, lapangan usaha, keluhan kesehatan, status ekonomi, dan pengobatan sendiri memengaruhi kepemilikan jaminan kesehatan. Jadi terdapat banyak faktor yang dapat memengaruhi keputusan masyarakat dalam memilih asuransi kesehatan.
The theory of reception and its applications in contemporary Iraqi sculptural ceramics
Authors: Auras Jabbar Siheem  , Ahmed Abd Minshed
Published: June 2023

This research is concerned with studying the theory of reception, searching for the basic objectives inherent in the structure of the subject, as it has occupied a large area in the course of thought because the reception is nothing but a correction of a studied idea. Receiving is subject to certain laws that make it able to perform its actual job and reflect the capabilities of its owner to adapt his skills and invest them to build an artistic structure that explains to the recipient the task of dialogue through the ages. Accordingly, the current research dealt with a study (the theory of reception and its applications in contemporary Iraqi sculptural ceramics), the research problem through the following questions: Did the recipient as a differentiated cognitive structure have a specific role in the methodological and value variables in contemporary Iraqi pottery?the results of the research, including The act of receiving is a (subjective-objective) verb based on a dialogue within a cognitive space that includes (the text with the recipient) to transcend any other statement and to be determined according to the context of the text and the cognitive system of the recipient only.Then came the recommendations and suggestions, and then put forward a list of sources and references. The research also included a summary of the research in English.
Management of Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Callander Natalie S.
Published: June 2023

The treatment of relapsed multiple myeloma is based in part on the degree of previous exposure and resistance to commonly used drug classes. For patients with a first relapse, an anti-CD38 antibody–based combination is preferred unless patients have already received these agents, in which case a carfilzomib-based option can be an excellent choice. For patients with more refractory disease, a bispecific antibody is an emerging choice, but CAR T-cell therapy should also be considered for some patients; other options include salvage autologous transplantation, recycling of previous therapies, and selinexor-based therapies. Emerging new classes of drugs in development are poised to broaden the treatment possibilities for relapsed disease.
Updates in the Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Malla Midhun , Pedersen Katrina S. , Parikh Aparna R.
Published: June 2023

Molecular biomarker testing for all patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) has become increasingly important because identifying targetable alterations can lead to meaningful clinical benefits. At a minimum, testing should include RAS, BRAF mutational status, microsatellite instability status, HER2 expression, NTRK, and RET mutations. For HER2-amplified cancer, the NCCN Guidelines offer multiple treatment options, including trastuzumab in combination with tucatinib or pertuzumab, and trastuzumab-deruxtecan. Combination trastuzumab + tucatinib has recently received approval by the FDA for refractory RAS wild-type, HER2-amplified CRC. The addition of bevacizumab to trifluridine/tipiracil treatment has significantly prolonged median overall survival compared with trifluridine/tipiracil alone, regardless of molecular subtypes. KRAS G12C–targeted therapies are on the horizon, with several agents in ongoing studies. Furthermore, bilevel blockade is important when addressing MAP kinase pathway alterations.
Neo-Victorian transcorporeality: Narrating Julia Pastrana's body
Authors: Pettersson Lin Elinor
Published: June 2023

Julia Pastrana (1834-1860) features prominently in neo-Victorian biofiction, which is probably indebted to her tragic life and posthumous exploitation in the hands of her husband-manager Theodore Lent. Pastrana’s career surpassed her death when Lent continued touring her embalmed body – an exhibition that would outlive him into the late twentieth century. Although Pastrana was repatriated and buried in 2013, she did not reach the final rest as her story continues to fascinate twentieth-first century audiences. This essay focuses on the ways in which Pastrana’s body has been constructed and produced narratively building on multiple discourses that straddle different disciplines and cultural settings that span three centuries. The two biofictional novels Julia Pastrana (2007) by Sandy Olson and Julian Fenech, and The Orphans of the Carnival (2016) by Carol Birch will be analysed through the lens of transcorporeality (Alaimo, 2010). By drawing on twenty-first century feminist theory on the body that has placed emphasis on the body as a dynamic and travelling concept through its orientations and intersectionality, my principal aim is to provide new insights into the ways in which contemporary novelists have rendered Pastrana’s body and to examine to which ends.
Slow light effect caused by optomechanically induced transparency in multimode optomechanical system
Authors: Xie Bao-Hao , Chen Hua-Jun , Sun Yi ,   School of Mechanics and Photoelectric Physics, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
Published: June 2023

Owing to the radiation pressure, the cavity optomechanical system can couple the optical field with the mechanical resonator, so the state of the mechanical resonator can be regulated through the optical field. Conversely, the optical field in the optomechanical system can also be regulated by modulating the mechanical element. Therefore, many interesting optical phenomena, such as Fano resonance, optomechanically induced absorption and amplification, and optomechanically induced transparency, can be generated in a cavity optomechanical system. Especially in transparent windows, both absorption and dispersion properties change strongly, which results in extensive applications such as slow light and optical storage. Because of its ultra-high quality factor, small size, mass production on chip and convenient all-optical control, it provides an ideal platform for realizing slow light engineering. In this work, by solving the Heisenberg equation of motion of a multimode optomechanical system composed of an optical cavity and two mechanical oscillators, and then by using the input-output relationship for the cavity, the intensity of probe transmission can be obtained. Taking the experimental date as realistic parameters, the behaviors of probe transmission in different detuning conditions are presented. By controlling the pump power under blue detuning, the probe transmission undergoes a process of optomechanically induced absorption to parametric amplification, and the critical pump power is obtained. In the case of red detuning, optomechanically induced transparency, Fano resonance and phase dispersion of the system are studied, and the results of different mechanical coupling strengths, frequency relations and detuning are compared. The numerical results show that as the mechanical coupling strength between two mechanical oscillators increases, the splitting distance becomes larger, and a larger coupling strength ratio will result in a larger splitting peak width. By controlling the frequency relationship between the two resonators, the probe transmission spectra undergo a series of transitions from Fano resonance to optomechanically induced transparency. Because the transmission window of the probe light is accompanied by rapid phase dispersion change, it will lead to group delay. The slow light effect caused by optomechanically induced transparency is further discussed, and the propagation of fast and slow light can be controlled by pump-cavity detuning. The optical delay in this system can be in the order of milliseconds. The multimode optomechanical system based on array structure has a potential application prospect in slowing and storing light pulses.
Mode-dispersion phase matching single photon source based on thin-film lithium niobate
Authors: Yu Gui-Fang , Li Zhi-Hao , Xiao Tian-Qi , Feng Tian-Feng , Zhou Xiao-Qi ,   State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China,   Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
Published: June 2023

In the domain of integrated quantum photonics, the burgeoning superiority of lithium niobate’s second-order nonlinearity in electro-optic modulation makes thin-film lithium niobate a leading quantum photonic platform after silicon. To date, single-photon sources using thin-film lithium niobate has mainly adopted periodic polarization quasi-phase matching technology, which requires the preparation of complex electrodes for domain inversion in the waveguide to realize quasi-phase matching. This method inevitably introduces complexity, such as complex processing methods, enlarged polarization regions, and compromised integration density. With the development of quantum information technology, the ever-increasing degree of integration constantly creates new demands. Consequently, the development of a streamlined, high-efficiency quantum light source on a lithium niobate platform is a pressing issue. In this study, we propose a novel thin-film lithium niobate parametric down-conversion single-photon source based on mode dispersion phase matching theory. The strategy is different from conventional strategies that utilize periodic polarization to generate single-photon sources in thin-film lithium niobate devices. In contrast to traditional quasi-phase matching techniques that utilize the phase matching between pump fundamental mode light and parametric fundamental mode light, our method employs the phase matching between the pump light’s higher-order mode and the parametric light’s fundamental mode. The pump light’s higher-order mode is obtained by designing an asymmetric directional coupler. The device’s single-photon yield can attain \begin{document}$3.8\times10^{7}$\end{document}/(s·mW), satisfying the requirements for optical quantum information processing. This innovative solution is expected to replace the traditional quasi-phase-matching single-photon sources, thus further promoting the study of optical quantum information based on thin-film lithium niobate chips.
Defining function of wild-type and three patient-specific TP53 mutations in a zebrafish model of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Chen Jiangfei , Baxi Kunal , Lipsitt Amanda E , Hensch Nicole Rae , Wang Long , Sreenivas Prethish , Modi Paulomi , Zhao Xiang Ru , Baudin Antoine , Robledo Daniel G , Bandyopadhyay Abhik , Sugalski Aaron , Challa Anil K , Kurmashev Dias , Gilbert Andrea R , Tomlinson Gail E , Houghton Peter , Chen Yidong , Hayes Madeline N , Chen Eleanor Y , Libich David S , Ignatius Myron S
Published: June 2023

In embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) and generally in sarcomas, the role of wild-type and loss- or gain-of-function TP53 mutations remains largely undefined. Eliminating mutant or restoring wild-type p53 is challenging; nevertheless, understanding p53 variant effects on tumorigenesis remains central to realizing better treatment outcomes. In ERMS, >70% of patients retain wild-type TP53, yet mutations when present are associated with worse prognosis. Employing a kRASG12D-driven ERMS tumor model and tp53 null (tp53-/-) zebrafish, we define wild-type and patient-specific TP53 mutant effects on tumorigenesis. We demonstrate that tp53 is a major suppressor of tumorigenesis, where tp53 loss expands tumor initiation from <35% to >97% of animals. Characterizing three patient-specific alleles reveals that TP53C176F partially retains wild-type p53 apoptotic activity that can be exploited, whereas TP53P153Δ and TP53Y220C encode two structurally related proteins with gain-of-function effects that predispose to head musculature ERMS. TP53P153Δ unexpectedly also predisposes to hedgehog-expressing medulloblastomas in the kRASG12D-driven ERMS-model.
Polycomb repressive complex 1.1 coordinates homeostatic and emergency myelopoiesis
Authors: Nakajima-Takagi Yaeko , Oshima Motohiko , Takano Junichiro , Koide Shuhei , Itokawa Naoki , Uemura Shun , Yamashita Masayuki , Andoh Shohei , Aoyama Kazumasa , Isshiki Yusuke , Shinoda Daisuke , Saraya Atsunori , Arai Fumio , Yamaguchi Kiyoshi , Furukawa Yoichi , Koseki Haruhiko , Ikawa Tomokatsu , Iwama Atsushi
Published: June 2023

Polycomb repressive complex (PRC) 1 regulates stem cell fate by mediating mono-ubiquitination of histone H2A at lysine 119. While canonical PRC1 is critical for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) maintenance, the role of non-canonical PRC1 in hematopoiesis remains elusive. PRC1.1, a non-canonical PRC1, consists of PCGF1, RING1B, KDM2B, and BCOR. We recently showed that PRC1.1 insufficiency induced by the loss of PCGF1 or BCOR causes myeloid-biased hematopoiesis and promotes transformation of hematopoietic cells in mice. Here we show that PRC1.1 serves as an epigenetic switch that coordinates homeostatic and emergency hematopoiesis. PRC1.1 maintains balanced output of steady-state hematopoiesis by restricting C/EBPα-dependent precocious myeloid differentiation of HSPCs and the HOXA9- and β-catenin-driven self-renewing network in myeloid progenitors. Upon regeneration, PRC1.1 is transiently inhibited to facilitate formation of granulocyte-macrophage progenitor (GMP) clusters, thereby promoting emergency myelopoiesis. Moreover, constitutive inactivation of PRC1.1 results in unchecked expansion of GMPs and eventual transformation. Collectively, our results define PRC1.1 as a novel critical regulator of emergency myelopoiesis, dysregulation of which leads to myeloid transformation.
Phage tRNAs evade tRNA-targeting host defenses through anticodon loop mutations
Authors: van den Berg Daan F , van der Steen Baltus A , Costa Ana Rita , Brouns Stan JJ
Published: June 2023

Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) in bacteriophage genomes are widespread across bacterial host genera, but their exact function has remained unclear for more than 50 years. Several hypotheses have been proposed, and the most widely accepted one is codon compensation, which suggests that phages encode tRNAs that supplement codons that are less frequently used by the host. Here, we combine several observations and propose a new hypothesis that phage-encoded tRNAs counteract the tRNA-depleting strategies of the host using enzymes such as VapC, PrrC, Colicin D, and Colicin E5 to defend from viral infection. Based on mutational patterns of anticodon loops of tRNAs encoded by phages, we predict that these tRNAs are insensitive to host tRNAses. For phage-encoded tRNAs targeted in the anticodon itself, we observe that phages typically avoid encoding these tRNAs, further supporting the hypothesis that phage tRNAs are selected to be insensitive to host anticodon nucleases. Altogether, our results support the hypothesis that phage-encoded tRNAs have evolved to be insensitive to host anticodon nucleases.
Engineering of the endogenous HBD promoter increases HbA2
Authors: Boontanrart Mandy Y , Mächler Elia , Ponta Simone , Nelis Jan C , Preiano Viviana G , Corn Jacob E
Published: June 2023

The β-hemoglobinopathies, such as sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia, are one of the most common genetic diseases worldwide and are caused by mutations affecting the structure or production of β-globin subunits in adult hemoglobin. Many gene editing efforts to treat the β-hemoglobinopathies attempt to correct β-globin mutations or increase γ-globin for fetal hemoglobin production. δ-globin, the subunit of adult hemoglobin A2, has high homology to β-globin and is already pan-cellularly expressed at low levels in adult red blood cells. However, upregulation of δ-globin is a relatively unexplored avenue to increase the amount of functional hemoglobin. Here, we use CRISPR-Cas9 to repair non-functional transcriptional elements in the endogenous promoter region of δ-globin to increase overall expression of adult hemoglobin 2 (HbA2). We find that insertion of a KLF1 site alone is insufficient to upregulate δ-globin. Instead, multiple transcription factor elements are necessary for robust upregulation of δ-globin from the endogenous locus. Promoter edited HUDEP-2 immortalized erythroid progenitor cells exhibit striking increases of HBD transcript, from less than 5% to over 20% of total β-like globins in clonal populations. Edited CD34 +hematopoietic stem and progenitors (HSPCs) differentiated to primary human erythroblasts express up to 46% HBD in clonal populations. These findings add mechanistic insight to globin gene regulation and offer a new therapeutic avenue to treat β-hemoglobinopathies.
Decapping factor Dcp2 controls mRNA abundance and translation to adjust metabolism and filamentation to nutrient availability
Authors: Vijjamarri Anil Kumar , Niu Xiao , Vandermeulen Matthew D , Onu Chisom , Zhang Fan , Qiu Hongfang , Gupta Neha , Gaikwad Swati , Greenberg Miriam L , Cullen Paul J , Lin Zhenguo , Hinnebusch Alan G
Published: June 2023

Degradation of most yeast mRNAs involves decapping by Dcp1/Dcp2. DEAD-box protein Dhh1 has been implicated as an activator of decapping, in coupling codon non-optimality to enhanced degradation, and as a translational repressor, but its functions in cells are incompletely understood. RNA-Seq analyses coupled with CAGE sequencing of all capped mRNAs revealed increased abundance of hundreds of mRNAs in dcp2Δ cells that appears to result directly from impaired decapping rather than elevated transcription. Interestingly, only a subset of mRNAs requires Dhh1 for targeting by Dcp2, and also generally requires the other decapping activators Pat1, Edc3, or Scd6; whereas most of the remaining transcripts utilize nonsense-mediated mRNA decay factors for Dcp2-mediated turnover. Neither inefficient translation initiation nor stalled elongation appears to be a major driver of Dhh1-enhanced mRNA degradation. Surprisingly, ribosome profiling revealed that dcp2Δ confers widespread changes in relative translational efficiencies (TEs) that generally favor well-translated mRNAs. Because ribosome biogenesis is reduced while capped mRNA abundance is increased by dcp2Δ, we propose that an increased ratio of mRNA to ribosomes increases competition among mRNAs for limiting ribosomes to favor efficiently translated mRNAs in dcp2Δ cells. Interestingly, genes involved in respiration or utilization of alternative carbon or nitrogen sources are upregulated, and both mitochondrial function and cell filamentation are elevated in dcp2Δ cells, suggesting that decapping sculpts gene expression post-transcriptionally to fine-tune metabolic pathways and morphological transitions according to nutrient availability.
Intuitive movement-based prosthesis control enables arm amputees to reach naturally in virtual reality
Authors: Segas Effie , Mick Sébastien , Leconte Vincent , Dubois Océane , Klotz Rémi , Cattaert Daniel , de Rugy Aymar
Published: June 2023

Impressive progress is being made in bionic limbs design and control. Yet, controlling the numerous joints of a prosthetic arm necessary to place the hand at a correct position and orientation to grasp objects remains challenging. Here, we designed an intuitive, movement-based prosthesis control that leverages natural arm coordination to predict distal joints missing in people with transhumeral limb loss based on proximal residual limb motion and knowledge of the movement goal. This control was validated on 29 participants, including seven with above-elbow limb loss, who picked and placed bottles in a wide range of locations in virtual reality, with median success rates over 99% and movement times identical to those of natural movements. This control also enabled 15 participants, including three with limb differences, to reach and grasp real objects with a robotic arm operated according to the same principle. Remarkably, this was achieved without any prior training, indicating that this control is intuitive and instantaneously usable. It could be used for phantom limb pain management in virtual reality, or to augment the reaching capabilities of invasive neural interfaces usually more focused on hand and grasp control.
Metabolic regulation of misfolded protein import into mitochondria
Authors: Wang Yuhao , Ruan Linhao , Zhu Jin , Zhang Xi , Chang Alexander Chih-Chieh , Tomaszewski Alexis , Li Rong
Published: June 2023

Mitochondria are the cellular energy hub and central target of metabolic regulation. Mitochondria also facilitate proteostasis through pathways such as the ‘mitochondria as guardian in cytosol’ (MAGIC) whereby cytosolic misfolded proteins are imported into and degraded inside mitochondria. In this study, a genome-wide screen in yeast uncovered that Snf1, the yeast AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), inhibits the import of misfolded proteins into mitochondria while promoting mitochondrial biogenesis under glucose starvation. We show that this inhibition requires a downstream transcription factor regulating mitochondrial gene expression and is likely to be conferred through substrate competition and mitochondrial import channel selectivity. We further show that Snf1/AMPK activation protects mitochondrial fitness in yeast and human cells under stress induced by misfolded proteins such as those associated with neurodegenerative diseases.
Mouse gingival single-cell transcriptomic atlas identified a novel fibroblast subpopulation activated to guide oral barrier immunity in periodontitis
Authors: Kondo Takeru , Gleason Annie , Okawa Hiroko , Hokugo Akishige , Nishimura Ichiro
Published: June 2023

Periodontitis, one of the most common non-communicable diseases, is characterized by chronic oral inflammation and uncontrolled tooth supporting alveolar bone resorption. Its underlying mechanism to initiate aberrant oral barrier immunity has yet to be delineated. Here, we report a unique fibroblast subpopulation activated to guide oral inflammation (AG fibroblasts) identified in a single-cell RNA sequencing gingival cell atlas constructed from the mouse periodontitis models. AG fibroblasts localized beneath the gingival epithelium and in the cervical periodontal ligament responded to the ligature placement and to the discrete topical application of Toll-like receptor stimulants to mouse maxillary tissue. The upregulated chemokines and ligands of AG fibroblasts linked to the putative receptors of neutrophils in the early stages of periodontitis. In the established chronic inflammation, neutrophils, together with AG fibroblasts, appeared to induce type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) that were the primary source of interleukin-17 cytokines. The comparative analysis of Rag2-/- and Rag2-/-Il2rg-/- mice suggested that ILC3 contributed to the cervical alveolar bone resorption interfacing the gingival inflammation. We propose the AG fibroblast–neutrophil–ILC3 axis as a previously unrecognized mechanism which could be involved in the complex interplay between oral barrier immune cells contributing to pathological inflammation in periodontitis.
Integrin β4 promotes DNA damage drug resistance in triple-negative breast cancer via TNFAIP2/IQGAP1/Rac1
Authors: Fang Huan , Ren Wenlong , Cui Qiuxia , Liang Huichun , Yang Chuanyu , Liu Wenjing , Wang Xinye , Liu Xue , Shi Yujie , Feng Jing , Chen Ceshi
Published: June 2023

Anti-tumor drug resistance is a challenge for triple-negative breast cancer treatment. Our previous work demonstrated that TNFAIP2 activates Rac1 to promote triple-negative breast cancer cell proliferation and migration. However, the mechanism by which TNFAIP2 activates Rac1 is unknown. In this study, we found that TNFAIP2 interacts with IQGAP1 and Integrin β4. Integrin β4 activates Rac1 through TNFAIP2 and IQGAP1 and confers DNA damage drug resistance in triple-negative breast cancer. These results indicate that the Integrin β4/TNFAIP2/IQGAP1/Rac1 axis provides potential therapeutic targets to overcome DNA damage drug resistance in triple-negative breast cancer.
Hsf1 and the molecular chaperone Hsp90 support a “rewiring stress response” leading to an adaptive cell size increase in chronic stress
Authors: Maiti Samarpan , Bhattacharya Kaushik , Wider Diana , Hany Dina , Panasenko Olesya , Bernasconi Lilia , Hulo Nicolas , Picard Didier
Published: June 2023

Cells are exposed to a wide variety of internal and external stresses. Whereas many studies have focused on cellular responses to acute and severe stresses, little is known about how cellular systems adapt to sublethal chronic stresses. Using mammalian cells in culture, we discovered that they adapt to chronic mild stresses, notably proteotoxic stresses such as heat, by increasing their size and translation, thereby scaling the amount of total protein. These adaptations render them more resilient to persistent and subsequent stresses. We demonstrate that Hsf1, well known for its role in acute stress responses, is required for the cell size increase, and that the molecular chaperone Hsp90 is essential for coupling the cell size increase to augmented translation. We term this translational reprogramming the “rewiring stress response”, and propose that this protective process of chronic stress adaptation contributes to the increase in size as cells get older, and that its failure promotes aging.
Association between free thyroxine levels and clinical phenotype in first-episode psychosis: a prospective observational study
Authors: Gine-Serven Eloi , Martinez-Ramirez Maria , Boix-Quintana Ester , Davi-Loscos Eva , Guanyabens Nicolau , Casado Virginia , Muriana Desiree , Torres-Rivas Cristina , Cuesta M.J. , Labad Javier
Published: June 2023

Aim

To determine whether thyroid hormone levels are associated with a specific clinical phenotype in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP).

Methods

Ninety-eight inpatients experiencing FEP and with less than 6 weeks of antipsychotic treatment were included in the study and were followed up for one year. Baseline psychiatric evaluation included assessment of prodromal symptoms, positive and negative symptoms, depressive symptoms, stressful life events and cycloid psychosis criteria. Thyroid function (thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxin (FT4)) was determined at admission. Partial correlation analysis was conducted to analyse the correlation between levels of TSH/FT4 and symptoms. Logistic regression was performed to explore the association between psychopathological symptoms, 12-month diagnoses and thyroid hormones while adjusting for covariates.

Results

Patients with prodromal symptomatology showed lower baseline FT4 levels (OR = 0.06; p = 0.018). The duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) was inversely associated with FT4 concentrations (r =  − 0.243; p = 0.039). FEP patients with sudden onset of psychotic symptoms (criteria B, cycloid psychosis) showed higher FT4 levels at admission (OR = 10.49; p = 0.040). Patients diagnosed with affective psychotic disorders (BD or MDD) at the 12-month follow-up showed higher FT4 levels at admission than patients diagnosed with nonaffective psychosis (schizophrenia, schizoaffective) (OR = 8.57; p = 0.042).

Conclusions

Our study suggests that higher free-thyroxine levels are associated with a specific clinical phenotype of FEP patients (fewer prodromal symptoms, shorter DUP duration and sudden onset of psychosis) and with affective psychosis diagnoses at the 12-month follow-up.
Functional responses of male and female European green crabs suggest potential sex-specific impacts of invasion
Authors: Kattler Kiara R. , Oishi Elizabeth M. , Lim Em G. , Watkins Hannah V. , Côté Isabelle M.
Published: June 2023

Predicting the impacts of predatory invasive species is important for prioritising conservation interventions. Functional response experiments, which examine consumption by predators in relation to prey density, are a useful way to assess the potential strength of novel predator-prey relationships. However, such experiments are often conducted without consideration of sex or only with males to reduce invasion risk. Here, we compared the functional responses of male and female European green crabs (Carcinus maenas), a global invader, feeding on varnish clams (Nuttallia obscurata) to test whether the two sexes have similar potential for impact. We also examined potential correlates of predation behaviour by measuring sex-specific movement and prey choice. Both sexes displayed a Type II hyperbolic functional response, which can destabilise prey populations at low prey densities. However, males and females exhibited some differences in foraging behaviour. Female green crabs had slightly lower attack rates, which were not linked to sex differences in movement, and slightly longer handling times, which were not linked to sex differences in prey choice. These small, non-significant differences nevertheless translated into significantly greater functional response ratios, which are used to predict the ecological impact of invasive species, for males than females. There was no difference in the proportion of clams consumed between males and females with similar crusher claw heights, but females have smaller crusher claws on average, hence they consumed a smaller proportion of clams. Repeated surveys of four populations of European green crabs established in British Columbia, Canada, showed that sex ratio is highly variable. Taken together, these results and population-level modelling suggest that trying to evaluate the potential impact of European green crabs on clam populations by sampling only males could result in overestimation, even in populations that have male-biased sex-ratios. Consumer sex might generally be an important feature to consider when using functional response experiments to forecast the impact of new invasive species, especially those with marked sexual dimorphism that affect foraging.
Work-Related and Behavioral Characteristics of Formal and Informal Waste Collectors in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Uzosike Tondor Cleopatra , Anyanwu Brilliance Onyinyechi , Ugwoha Ejikeme
Published: June 2023

The study assessed the work-related and behavioral characteristics of formal and informal waste collectors in Rivers State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional design was employed for this study. 314 formal and 314 informal waste collection workers were sampled for the study using a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a self-designed pretested questionnaire, observational checklists, clinical, laboratory measurements and a study guide. Data analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 to analyze the data collected from respondents. The finding shows that at p = 0.05, the calculated chi-square value of 455.661 with the degree of freedom 92 was more than the critical chi-square value of 115.390. Thus, the null hypothesis is rejected and the alternative hypothesis is accepted, which states a significant difference in the work-related and behavioral characteristics among formal and informal waste collectors in Rivers State. However, training and retraining the informal waste collectors, enforcing personal protective equipment, and counselling on using hard drugs will go a long way in arresting their poor behavior.
Response of Integrated Nutrients on Soil Health and Yield Attributes of Cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) cv. Neelam
Authors: Nandini  , Thomas Tarence , Singh Anurag Kumar
Published: June 2023

An experiment was conducted during Zaid season 2022 to study “Response of integrated nutrients on soil health and yield attributes of Cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) cv. Neelam” on central Research farm Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, SHUATS, Prayagraj. The design applied was randomized block design consisted nine treatment three @ NPK, Vermicompost and Zinc @ 0, 50 and 100%, respectively. The best treatment was T9 (@ 100% RDF + @ 100% ZnSO4 + Vermicompost @ 10 t ha-1) has effect on physical and chemical property of soil and yield of cluster bean. The data observed in post-harvest soil were significantly increased maximum values of percentage pore space (46.533%), water holding capacity (41.103%), organic carbon (0.56%), Nitrogen (328.32 kg ha-1), Phosphorus (20.270 kg ha-1) and Potassium (234.893 kg ha-1). Plant height at different days 30, 60 and 90 DAS was (23.03, 54.22 and 121.86 cm), No. of leaves per plant at different days 30, 60 and 90 DAS was (29.11, 47.74 and 82.60) Pod length (14.11), number of cluster plant-1 (6.47), number of pods cluster-1 (7.47), number of pods per plant (48.35), number of seed pods (9.76), pod weight (2.35 g). The combination of T9 (@ 100% RDF + @ 100% ZnSO4 + Vermicompost @ 10 t ha-1) showed slight decrease in pH (7.250), bulk density (1.172 Mg m-3) and particle density (2.228 Mg m-3) The maximum cost benefit ratio (C: B) 1:2.67, maximum gross return 750900.00, Rs ha-1 maximum net profit 469604.00 Rs ha-1, and highest yield with 25.03 q ha-1 in T9 (@ 100% RDF+ @ 100% ZnSO4 + Vermicompost @ 10 t ha-1).
Acousto‐Plasmo‐Magnonics: Coupling Spin Waves with Hybridized Phonon‐Plasmon Waves in a 2D Artificial Magnonic Crystal Deposited on a Plasmonic Material
Authors: Pal Sreya , Pal Pratap Kumar , Fabiha Raisa , Bandyopadhyay Supriyo , Barman Anjan
Published: June 2023

Coupling between spin waves (SWs) and other waves in nanostructured media has emerged as an important topic of research because of the rich physics and the potential for disruptive technologies. Herein, a new phenomenon is reported in this family involving coupling between SWs and hybridized phonon‐plasmon waves in a 2D periodic array of magnetostrictive nanomagnets deposited on a silicon substrate with an intervening thin film of aluminium that acts as a source of surface plasmons. Hybridized phonon‐plasmon waves naturally form in this composite material when exposed to ultrashort laser pulses and they non‐linearly couple with SWs to produce a new breed of waves – acousto‐plasmo‐spin waves that can exhibit a “frequency comb” spanning more than one octave. This phenomenon, that we call acousto‐plasmo‐magnonics resulting from tripartite coupling of magnons, phonons and plasmons, is studied with time‐resolved magneto‐optical‐Kerr‐effect microscopy. The findings also reveal the presence of parametric amplification in this system; energy is transferred from the hybridized phonon‐plasmon modes to the acousto‐plasmo‐spin wave modes to amplify the latter. This opens a path to design novel active metamaterials with tailored and enhanced response. It may enable high‐efficiency magneto‐mechanical‐plasmonic frequency mixing in the GHz−THz frequency regime and provide a unique avenue to study non‐linear coupling, parametric amplification, and frequency comb physics.
Enhanced Förster Energy Transfer Through Horizontal Orientation of Sensitizer Molecules in Hyperfluorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Lim Junseop , Hwang Kyu Young , Kwak Seung‐Yeon , Cho Sung Min , Kim Jae‐Min , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: June 2023

Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) in sensitized fluorescent (SF) organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) is an important process for suppressing triplet exciton loss during energy transfer toward the fluorescent dopant. Herein, the contribution of the relative orientation between the sensitizer and emitting dopant to the FRET in state‐of‐the‐art SF OLEDs is explained using experimental and theoretical approaches. The enhanced relative orientation factor (κ2) from 0.375 to 1.250 is theoretically demonstrated in the FRET theory depending on the orientation of the sensitizer and emitting dopant. On comparing two SF OLED systems with different sensitizers, the sensitizer with a higher horizontal dipole orientation exhibits a higher FRET rate, resulting in the enhanced κ2. The exciton dynamics under device operation are explored to quantitatively verify the contribution of the enhanced FRET rate to the exciton transfer processes; the triplet consumption rate of the sensitizer improves by 2.2 times, demonstrating an efficient exciton transfer.