bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Early Modern Ottoman Science: A New Materialist Framework
Authors: Küçük B. Harun
Published: October 2017

This article is a programmatic statement advocating a materialist reading of early modern Ottoman science. I argue that a history of science that is sensitive to the material life of Ottoman subjects will help scholars cut through the unwarranted vocabulary of “Islamic science,” “Westernization” or “Ottoman civilization.” Two mini studies substantiate the programmatic claims. The first study presents a preliminary reinterpretation of the earliest mention of Copernican astronomy in Turkish, dated 1662. The second study reveals the maritime and mercantile genealogy of the eighteenth-century Ottoman prayer compass.
Clematis pettimudiensis (Ranunculaceae), a new species from Western Ghats, India
Authors: PRABHUKUMAR KONICKAL MAMBETTA , JAGADEESAN RAVEENDRAN , PRASAD GOPALAKRISHNAN , KUMAR VANNARATTA VEETTIL NAVEEN , BALACHANDRAN INDIRA
Published: October 2017

A new species of Clematis sect. Naraveliopsis (Ranunculaceae), C. pettimudiensis, from the southern part of Western Ghats, India, is described and illustrated. It is closely allied to C. metuoensis, a species distributed in China, but differs in several characters.
Lectotypification of Andropogon bellariensis, basionym of Parahyparrhenia bellariensis (Andropogoneae, Poaceae)
Authors: TIWARI ARJUN PRASAD
Published: October 2017

The genus Parahyparrhenia A.Camus (1950: 404) is a small genus belonging to the tribe Andropogoneae Dumortier (1824: 84). It consists of about 6 species, distributed in Africa and Tropical Asia (Clayton et al. 2006), with only one species Parahyparrhenia bellariensis (Hackel 1885: 123) Clayton (1972: 448), found in India (Karthikeyan et al. 1989). P. bellariensis is an extremely rare and very poorly known grass, considered endemic to India (Singh et al. 2015). There is few collection of this species in herbaria, including the type collection made by Wight in the 18th century.
Primula centellifolia (Primulaceae), a new species from south-central China
Authors: XU YUAN , HU CHI-MING , HAO GANG
Published: October 2017

A new species of Primulaceae, Primula centellifolia G.Hao, C.M.Hu & Y.Xu, from Sichuan and Guizhou, China, is described and illustrated. From general morphology it is allied to the species of P. sect. Monocarpicae, and superficially resembles P. scopulicola, but can be distinguished by its much smaller statue, slender scape and calyx with linear lanceolate and obtuse lobes.
Five new replacement names in Reduviidae (Heteroptera)
Authors: SWANSON DANIEL R.
Published: October 2017

The following five new replacement names are proposed for homonymous genus- and species-level names in four different subfamilies of Reduviidae: Dithectocoris nom. nov. for Echinocoris Livingstone & Ravichandran, 1992 nec Echinocoris Miller, 1949 (Ectrichodiinae); Sphedanolestes picturellus tordoi nom. nov. for Sphedanolestes picturellus annulipes Tordo, 1969 nec Sphedanolestes annulipes Distant, 1903 (Harpactorinae); Acanthaspis celidota nom. nov. for Acanthaspis maculata Sucheta & Chopra, 1989 nec Acanthaspis maculata (Distant, 1903); Reduvius lasius nom. nov. for Reduvius villosus Fabricius, 1794 nec (Thunberg, 1783) (Reduviinae); and Oncocephalus enallus nom. nov. for Oncocephalus bipunctatus Livingstone & Ravichandran, 1990 nec Oncocephalus bipunctatus Villiers, 1952. The genus-level replacement also results in Dithectocoris coromandelensis (Livingstone & Ravichandran, 1992) comb. nov.
A new species of Chiridota (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Apodida: Chiridotidae) from Japan, and First record of C. rigida from Japan
Authors: YAMANA YUSUKE , TANAKA HAYATO
Published: October 2017

A new apodid sea cucumber, Chiridota impatiens sp. nov., is described from the intertidal zone of Okinawa, Japan, and C. rigida Semper, 1867 is also described from the intertidal zone of Wakayama, as new to Japan. C. impatiens sp. nov. is approximately 60–70 mm, with 12 tentacles and 4–7 pairs of digits per tentacle, red or reddish brown in living specimens. The tentacles contain curved rod ossicles, with spinous processes and many branches in C. rigida, however, in C. impatiens sp. nov., the curved rod ossicles are crescent-shaped, sometimes distally, with spinous processes and rarely a few branches on the circumference. In both species, the body wall contains flattened rod ossicles, mostly present along the longitudinal muscle and mesentery, curved rod ossicles primarily in the body wall, and wheel ossicles only in the wheel-papillae. In C. rigida, the contents of the wheel-papillae form a hemispherical sack-shaped structures, in which the teeth-side of the wheel ossicles mostly faces towards the outside of the body. In C. impatiens sp. nov., the contents of the wheel-papillae form a cord-shaped structure (present in both preserved and living specimens), in which the teeth-side of the wheel ossicles faces various directions, and that can be induced to break through the skin of the papillae if stimulated in living specimens.
Two new species of Curculionichthys (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Amazonas basin, Brazil
Authors: ROXO FÁBIO F. , DIAS ANGELICA C. , SILVA GABRIEL S. C. , OLIVEIRA CLAUDIO
Published: October 2017

In the present study, we describe two new species of Curculionichthys from rio Tapajós and rio Tocantins basins in Brazil. Both species present all diagnostic features of Curculionichthys. Furthermore, both species C. tukana and C. itaim are distinguished from congeners by the combination of seven characters: (1) a higher number of plates in abdominal lateral plates series; (2) the absence of large conspicuous odontodes forming rows on head and trunk; (3) the anterior profile of the head pointed; (4) a higher number of dentary teeth; (5) the lack of contrasting dark spots at the anterodorsal region of body; (6) the absence of an irregular concentration of chromatophores that entirely cover the anal-fin origin and adjacent region, and distal portion of the first unbranched anal-fin ray; and (7) the presence of odontodes forming aligned rows, more evident in the dorsal portion of head and in the lateral portion of caudal peduncle. Furthermore, C. tukana can be further distinguished from congeners by three characters: (1) the papillae aligned in series that extends from the distal portion of lower lip to dentary; (2) the absence of dark-brown spots scattered over the body; and (3) a higher number of maxillary teeth. The species C. itaim also can be further distinguished from congeners by five characters: (1) the papillae randomly distributed throughout the lower lip; (2) a smaller number of medial plates series on lateral portion of the body following the lateral line; (3) a smaller number of median plates series in abdomen; (4) the absence of dark-brown spots scattered over the body; and (5) the absence of one unpaired platelet on the dorsal portion of the caudal peduncle.
Physician Weight-Related Counseling Is Unrelated to Extreme Weight Loss Behaviors Among Overweight and Obese Adolescents
Authors: Bravender Terrill , Lyna Pauline , Coffman Cynthia J. , Bodner Michael E. , Østbye Truls , Alexander Stewart C. , Lin Pao-Hwa , Pollak Kathryn I.
Published: October 2017

Some physicians may be hesitant to counsel overweight and obese adolescents about weight because of concerns that such counseling may result in extreme weight loss behaviors and the subsequent development of eating disorders. We compared self-reported extreme weight loss behaviors in 535 overweight/obese adolescents prior to receiving weight-related counseling during primary care visits, and again after 3 months. We found no change in fasting (7.7% vs 6.3%, P = .45), and decreases in diet pill use (4.1% vs 1.7%, P = .003) and laxative use/vomiting (2.6% vs 1.0%, P = .02). Three months following their medical appointment, patients were also less likely to report trying to lose weight in general (80.0% vs 75.6%, P = .04). Physicians should be reassured that providing weight-related counseling to their obese adolescents is unlikely to induce extreme weight loss behaviors. Frequent counseling may be required in order to help patients maintain motivation to attain a healthy weight.
Are Some Natural Environments More Psychologically Beneficial Than Others? The Importance of Type and Quality on Connectedness to Nature and Psychological Restoration
Authors: Wyles Kayleigh J. , White Mathew P. , Hattam Caroline , Pahl Sabine , King Haney , Austen Melanie
Published: October 2017

Exposure to nature can strengthen an individual’s sense of connectedness (i.e., emotional/cognitive bonds to the natural world) and enhance psychological restoration (e.g., feeling relaxed/refreshed). To date, there have been few large studies looking at the role that type and quality of natural environments may have on these outcomes. The present study used data from a large survey in England (sample analyzed = 4,515), which asked participants to recall a recent visit to nature. After controlling for covariates, respondents recalled greater connectedness to nature and restoration following visits to rural and coastal locations compared with urban green space, and to sites of higher environmental quality (operationalized by protected/designated area status, for example, nature reserves). A series of structural equation analyses provided evidence for a bidirectional association between connectedness and restoration. Consideration of the psychological benefits associated with different types and quality of environment has implications for human health, environmental management, and conservation.
Health Inequalities in South Asia at the Launch of Sustainable Development Goals: Exclusions in Health in Kerala, India Need Political Interventions
Authors: Thresia CU
Published: October 2017

Despite substantial progress in social development during the post-colonial period, health inequalities in the South Asian countries were staggering, with reduced life expectancy, higher maternal and child mortality, and gender discrimination. Notably, even with the rapid economic growth during the neoliberal period, India fares below most of the South Asian countries in several health indicators. The Indian state of Kerala stands out with social sector gains; nevertheless, evidence indicates widening health inequalities, restricted public arenas, and undemocratic practices in health, particularly in the context of increasing market logic in the health and social arenas shaping health. The caste, class, gender, and ethnic ideologies and patriarchal power structure interwoven in the sociopolitical, cultural, moral, and health discourses similar to the South Asian context raise serious inequalities for health. At the launch of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals, the populations with lingering privations and forbidden freedoms for gaining better health in Kerala, similar to South Asia, were largely the dalits, ethnic and religious minorities, and women. This necessitates greater political interventions, recognizing the interacting effects of history, culture, social factors, politics, and policies on health. And public health research needs to underscore this approach.
Will Brexit Raise the Cost of Living?
Authors: Clarke Stephen , Serwicka Ilona , Winters L. Alan
Published: October 2017

This paper considers two aspects of this question. First, Brexit has already induced a devaluation of sterling of around 14 per cent since June 2016, which has started to work through to consumer prices: between June 2016 and July 2017 consumer prices increased by around 2.5 per cent. Second, while it is not government policy, nor the desire of the UK public, that the outcome of negotiations is a ‘MFN Brexit’, this remains a distinct possibility. Thus we ask how the imposition of tariffs on imports from the EU will work through into consumer prices. Making very conservative assumptions, we conclude that ‘MFN Brexit’ will increase the average cost of living by around 1 per cent and increase it for 8 per cent of households by 2 per cent or more. We present results for different groups of households according to their employment and structural characteristics and show that the impact will generally be largest on unemployed, single parent and pensioner households.
A Note on N in Bayesian Information Criterion for Item Response Models
Authors: Cho Sun-Joo , De Boeck Paul
Published: October 2017

This brief report derives the N in the penalty term of the Schwarz’s (1978) Bayesian information criterion (BIC) for two-parameter logistic item response models. The results in this study show that the N is the number of persons for fixed item models, whereas it is the number of observations (the Number of Persons times the Number of Items) for random item models. Given these results, the authors recommend researchers to calculate the BIC or to validate the BIC value that shows in the output of software instead of accepting the output value without a further check of implicit assumptions made for the software.
Obstacles to Nurses’ Labor Militancy in Central America: Toward a Framework for Cross-National Comparison of Nurses’ Collective Action
Authors: Kowalchuk Lisa
Published: October 2017

This paper seeks to understand the low level of nurses’ labor militancy in El Salvador and Nicaragua compared with many other countries. Key to the analysis is the concept of oppositional consciousness, which was developed for the study of how oppressed groups convert anger over unjust treatment into vocal and even disruptive demands for change. I use data collected through interviews and focus groups to argue that while nurses in El Salvador and Nicaragua face many of the same hindrances to militancy seen elsewhere, they are more exposed to cultural and institutional forces that discourage a contestational stance. Chief among these are the influence of religion in nurses’ schooling and socialization, and nurses’ lack of experience with unions specific to their occupation. The latter owes, in turn, to particular historical and political factors in each country.
The effects of AMPA receptor blockade on resting magnetoencephalography recordings
Authors: Routley Bethany C , Singh Krish D , Hamandi Khalid , Muthukumaraswamy Suresh D
Published: October 2017

The ionotropic N-methyl-D-aspartate and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors of the glutamatergic neurotransmitter system are of fundamental importance to healthy brain function. Neuroimaging studies in humans have previously been conducted using various drugs that interact with N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptors, but no such studies have investigated AMPA receptor signalling. The recent approval of perampanel (Fycompa) for use in humans provides a means to specifically study the role of AMPA receptors in the pharmacological basis of neuroimaging signals. Twenty male subjects participated in this placebo-controlled crossover study that consisted of two study days separated by a minimum two-week washout period. On one occasion participants ingested a 6 mg dose of perampanel, and on the other a placebo. Ten minutes of wakeful rest was recorded before and after each dose using magnetoencephalography. Subjective ratings of intoxication were significantly higher following drug than placebo. Cluster-based randomisation testing of sensor-level magnetoencephalography data showed significant drug-induced increases in low frequency power (1–4 Hz, 4–8 Hz, 8–13 Hz, 13–30 Hz), along with a significant decrease in the high gamma range (50–90 Hz). We also observed selective increases in functional connectivity in the alpha and beta bands. The findings are consistent with preclinical work and are similar to the spectral profile of other anti-epileptic drugs.
The effects of cannabidiol on persecutory ideation and anxiety in a high trait paranoid group
Authors: Hundal Harneet , Lister Rachel , Evans Nicole , Antley Angus , Englund Amir , Murray Robin M , Freeman Daniel , Morrison Paul D
Published: October 2017

Background:

Previous studies have suggested that cannabidiol has anxiolytic and antipsychotic properties, raising hopes that cannabidiol will translate to the psychiatric clinic. Cannabidiol may be particularly useful for anxiety and paranoia in those at-risk of major mental illness.

Methods:

Immersion in a controlled 3D virtual-reality scenario was used to assay persecutory ideation and anxiety in a sample of non-clinical volunteers ( n=32) pre-selected for high paranoid traits. Participants were randomised to receive oral cannabidiol (600 mg) or placebo 130 min prior to entering virtual-reality. Well-validated rating scales were used to assay persecutory thinking and anxiety. Salivary cortisol concentration, heart rate and blood pressure were measured over the course of the experimental session.

Results:

Immersion in the virtual-reality session elicited anxiety as indexed by the Beck’s anxiety inventory ( p<0.005), and increased cortisol concentration ( p=0.05), heart rate ( p<0.05) and systolic blood pressure ( p<0.05). However, cannabidiol had no impact upon any of these effects, except for a strong trend to increase anxiety ( p=0.09). Cannabidiol had no effect on persecutory ideation as assayed by the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences questionnaire or the State Social Paranoia Scale.

Conclusions:

In contrast to previous studies, there was no evidence of any benefits of cannabidiol on anxiety or persecutory ideation in healthy volunteers with high trait paranoia. However, a larger sample will be required for a definitive study.
Risk-Need Profiles of Serious and Chronic Female Juvenile Offenders: Implications for Female Juvenile Correctional Programming
Authors: Welch-Brewer Chiquitia
Published: October 2017

Understanding differences and similarities between male and female juvenile offenders is critically important for determining the treatment needs of each group. Less is known, however, about the similarities and differences among female juvenile offenders and the variation in their needs, risks, and psychosocial profiles. Understanding the variation among female juvenile offenders could lead to improvements in gender-responsive interventions and treatment. Latent profile analysis was conducted to construct risk-need profiles in a state-based sample of incarcerated girls ( N = 203) based on a range of psychosocial subscales covering family, peer, school and cognitive and emotional processes, psychopathology, and antisocial outcomes. Findings revealed four distinct groups/profiles with varying levels of risk-needs— Aggression Only (51%), Alcohol and Drug Use (19%), Socioemotional and Family Relationship Problems (24%), and Severe Alcohol and Drug Use (6%)—warranting the need for varying levels of treatment intensity and different treatment components across subgroups, ranging from less to more extensive.
The Perceived Role of General Self-Regulation and Prosocial Support on the Decision Not to Act Among Men Sexually Attracted to Children
Authors: Mitchell Renae C. , Galupo M. Paz
Published: October 2017

Recent research highlights potential differences between groups of men sexually attracted to children regarding child molestation behavior, attitudes toward sex with children, and the decision not to act on their attractions. The present study furthered this line of research by investigating the roles of general self-regulation and prosocial support on the decision not to act among 69 men sexually attracted to children. Mixed-methods analysis of survey results provided mixed evidence regarding their relevance to refraining from engaging in child molestation behavior. Quantitative results suggested that self-control, but not prosocial support, showed a major influence on participants’ decision not to act. Qualitative results offered a more nuanced understanding of the roles of both of these factors in participants’ decisions. Overall, findings support an approach for investigating men sexually attracted to children that focuses on differences between men who do and do not act on their attractions, as well as on the active decision to refrain from engaging in child molestation behavior. Implications for research and clinical practice are highlighted.
A new modeling technique based on performance data for photovoltaic modules and horizontal axis wind turbines
Authors: Sharaf Eldean Mohamed A , El Shahat Adel , Soliman AM
Published: October 2017

This article proposes new methods of modeling and simulation of photovoltaic and horizontal wind turbine systems. The photovoltaic and horizontal wind turbines are modeled by the use of actual data sheets listed in the lookup table model. Moreover, artificial neural network numerical technique is used to simulate and evaluate the designed systems. The implemented work may help the designer and investor to elect a specified photovoltaic module and/or the horizontal wind turbine according to the demanded power load, thence predicting the operating conditions before the establishment process. The results show good matching with the actual data for the photovoltaic and horizontal wind turbine systems.
How health leaders can benefit from predictive analytics
Authors: Giga Aliyah
Published: October 2017

Predictive analytics can support a better integrated health system providing continuous, coordinated, and comprehensive person-centred care to those who could benefit most. In addition to dollars saved, using a predictive model in healthcare can generate opportunities for meaningful improvements in efficiency, productivity, costs, and better population health with targeted interventions toward patients at risk.
Les questions éthiques dans la philanthropie en santé
Authors: Reid Lynette
Published: October 2017

Les leaders en santé du Canada affrontent une foule de défis dans le secteur de la philanthropie en santé. Ces défis ne se limitent pas à l’aspect pratique des mesures à prendre pour réussir, mais également à des questions éthiques. Est-ce que la collecte de fonds est acceptable si elle donne lieu à des partenariats avec des entreprises qui participent à l’apparition de maladies causées par le mode de vie? Quand la reconnaissance méritée envers les donateurs ou les bénévoles dépasse-t-elle les bornes et favorise-t-elle un accès privilégié aux soins? Les décisions éthiques de la philanthropie en santé doivent opposer les témoignages de reconnaissance ou les partenariats avec les donateurs au bien public, qui s’inscrit dans le mandat des établissements de santé et qui fait partie et des obligations fiduciaires des hôpitaux et des cliniciens envers les patients.
Validation of the Brief Symptom Inventory–18 Among Low-Income African American Adolescents Exposed to Community Violence
Authors: Kim Dong Ha , Michalopoulos Lynn Murphy , Voisin Dexter R.
Published: October 2017

African American youth, especially those who reside in low resourced communities, are exposed to higher levels of exposure to community violence relative to their counterparts from other race/ethnic groups. However, appropriate measures for assessing psychological stress related to such exposures are underresearched in the extant literature for this population. The aim of the current study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18) scale among African American youth exposed to community violence through classical test theory and item response theory methods. Internal reliability and construct validity were examined. Results indicated good internal reliability (α = .93). Construct validity of the BSI-18 was established through confirmatory factor analysis with the three-factor somatic, depression, and anxiety model. Construct validity was also determined with all items indicating adequate fit. Our study indicates good reliability and validity of the BSI-18 to assess psychological distress among African American youth exposed to community violence.
The influence of noise in vehicles on the driver’s subjective evaluation of driveability
Authors: Wi Hyoseong , Park Jinil , Lee Jonghwa
Published: October 2017

Driveability, including maneuverability, stability, and riding quality, is one of the most important factors determining the marketability of vehicles. However, unlike fuel economy or engine performance, driveability is very difficult to be evaluated quantitatively. With regard to research on vehicle noise related to driveability, existing works mainly deal with quantification or improvement methods. In this study, the various physical quantities regarding vehicle operating conditions were measured and the noise characteristics were manipulated in several ways to evaluate and analyze the influence of noise on subjective drivability. The results show that the noise level as well as noise frequency characteristics are influencing the drivers’ subjective evaluation of driveability.
Steady-state performance investigation of open-circuit hydrostatic drives used in the rotary head of drill machine
Authors: Vardhan Alok , Dasgupta K , Kumar N , Mishra Santosh Kr
Published: October 2017

This paper highlights the steady-state performance of open-circuit hydrostatic drives for the rotary head of drill machine through modeling and experiment. In this respect, two alternative drive systems are considered. A drive system that consists of a variable displacement pump and two high-speed low-torque hydro-motors with a gear reducer unit and the other one consists of an identical pump and a low-speed high-torque hydro-motor. The steady-state model of the proposed drive arrangements is made by bondgraph simulation technique, where the relationship of the various losses of the components are obtained as a function of operating parameters and are identified experimentally. Using them, the slip and torque loss along with the overall efficiency of the drives are characterized. The performances of the hydrostatic drives are compared for the usual operating speed range of the drill machine used in mining operation. The studies made also identify the operating range of the proposed hydrostatic drives with reasonable efficiency.
Numerical investigation of injection angle effects on shock vector control performance
Authors: Forghany Farzad , Taeibe-Rahni Mohammad , Asadollahi-Ghohieh Abdollah , Banazdeh Afshin
Published: October 2017

The present research paper attempted to utilize a computational investigation for optimizing the fluidic injection angle effects on thrust vectoring. Simulation of a convergent divergent nozzle with shock-vector control method was performed, using URANS approach with Spalart–Allmaras turbulence model. The variable fluidic injection angle is investigated at different aerodynamic and geometric conditions. The current investigation demonstrated that injection angle is an essential parameter in fluidic thrust vectoring. Computational results indicate that optimizing injection angle would improve the thrust vectoring performance. Moreover, dynamic response of starting thrust vectoring would decrease by increasing nozzle pressure ratios and secondary to primary total pressure ratios. Also, shifting the location of fluidic injection towards the nozzle throat would have positive effect on response time. Additionally, the results of response time are more sensitive to primary and secondary total pressure ratios of nozzle and fluidic injection location than the fluidic injection angle. Furthermore, increasing fluidic thrust vectoring performance has negative impact on nozzle thrust at different expansion ratios. In addition, to guide the design and development of an efficient propulsion system, the current study attempted to initiate a database of optimum injection angles with different important parameter effects on thrust vectoring and nozzle thrust decline.
Planar periodic orbits’ construction around libration points with invariant manifold technique
Authors: Qian Ying-Jing , Yang Xiao-Dong , Zhai Guan-Qiao , Zhang Wei
Published: October 2017

This paper revisits the planar periodic motions around libration points in circular restricted three-body problem based on invariant manifold technique. The invariant manifold technique is applied to construct the nonlinear polynomial relations between ξ-direction and η-direction of a small celestial body during its periodic motion. Such direct nonlinear relations reduce the dimension of the dynamical system and facilitate convenient approximate analytical solutions. The nonlinear directional relations also provide terminal constraints for computing periodic motions. The method to construst periodic orbits proposed in this study presents a new point of view to explore the orbital dynamics. As an application in numerical simulations, nonlinear relations are adopted as topological terminal constraints to construct the periodic orbits with differential correction procedure. Numerical examples verify the validity of the proposed method for both collinear and triangular libration cases.
Investigation of the aerodynamic performance and flow physics on cross sections of Dragonfly wing on flapping and pitching motion in low Reynolds number
Authors: Lavimi Roham , Hojaji Mohammad , Dehghan Manshadi Mojtaba
Published: October 2017

In this research, the flow physics and aerodynamic performance of dragonfly cross sections, used in Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs), in low Reynolds are investigated. The main objective of the research is to study the performance of dragonfly wing cross-sections flapping motion in Reynolds 5000 and 10,000. Pitching motion is one of the most important mechanisms in force lifting generation, and the effects of Reynolds number and mean angle of attack on aerodynamic coefficients have been extensively investigated for the pitching motion. In the present study, the geometry of two cross sections of dragonfly was extracted. Incompressible, two-dimensional and unsteady Navier–Stokes equations have been used to simulate the flow. k − ɛ RNG model was used for turbulence modeling. To simulate the wing pitching motion, the dynamic mesh method was used. The results showed that in flapping motion, pitching-up rotation has caused a rapid increase in lift coefficient. Furthermore, it was found that the absence of stall does not increase the lift and drag coefficients, while formation of new strong vorticity layers have caused an increase in lift coefficient. On the other hand, corrugations on the cross sections of the dragonfly in the pitching motion cause the delay of separation and increasing the lift coefficient. In flapping motion and the pitching motion, the lift coefficients of three cross sections were increased due to stronger vorticity layers by reducing the Reynolds number. Due to the existence of corrugations, the first and the second cross sections have good aerodynamic performance, compared to the flat plate. The comparison carried out in the current research showed that the second cross section is a proper replacement for the flat plate in MAVs.
Systemic lupus erythematosus with and without a family history: a meta-analysis
Authors: Chen L Y , Shi Z R , Tan G Z , Han Y F , Tang Z Q , Wang L
Published: October 2017

Objective

The objective of this paper is to investigate the association of clinical manifestations and laboratory parameters between familial systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and sporadic SLE.

Methods

All relevant literature was retrieved from the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases. The qualities of these studies were evaluated using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The characteristics and clinical manifestations of involved individuals were extracted from each study. Pooled odds ratio (OR) was calculated using the random effects-method, and the heterogeneity between studies was quantified using the I2 statistic.

Results

Of 330 studies identified by the search strategy, six were included in this review. In total, 733 cases were familial SLE and 1405 were sporadic SLE. Analysis revealed that photosensitivity, nephritis and thrombocytopenia were negatively associated with familial SLE, with OR (95% CI) values of 0.73 (0.60–0.89), 0.72 (0.59–0.88) and 0.75 (0.57–0.98), respectively.

Conclusions

Photosensitivity, thrombocytopenia and renal involvement could be more common in non-familial SLE, which should be further confirmed by well-designed studies with large populations.
The Emergence and Transformation of Batkhela Bazaar (Pakistan)
Authors: Jan Muhammad Ayub
Published: October 2017

This article examines the emergence and transformation of a vibrant bazaar (marketplace) in an underdeveloped area of Pakistan. I first investigate the rise of the bazaar in Batkhela (Malakand) in the face of historical conditions characterized by social stratification and political exclusivity, and proceed to probe the bazaar’s transformation and consequent role in generating economic growth and political reforms. These inquiries are undertaken against the backdrop of the extraordinary efforts of bazaar entrepreneurs to keep the bazaar functioning. Using ethnographic methods, the study finds that entrepreneurs use social networks of family and friends at different stages of their business trajectories. Whereas family networks were particularly useful during the initial stages of business development, friendship networks become more important later on. Contrary to the literature on ethnic entrepreneurship, friendship networks in Batkhela are more diverse and include members from similar and dissimilar ethnic groups. Collectively, family networks and ever-diffusing friendship networks help consolidate successful businesses in Batkhela. The study concludes that Batkhela bazaar is a monumental regional marketplace that has engendered political reforms in areas of domicile, private property and political representation for different sections of society.
Leadership mindset in mental health
Authors: Ng Lillian , Steane Richard , Scollay Natalie
Published: October 2017

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to explore the concept of mindset for psychiatrists who are considering stepping into the leadership arena.

Methods:

Qualitative themes were extracted from dialogue on leadership development at a Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists forum for early career psychiatrists.

Results:

Three key themes were identified: adapting to a professional identity as psychiatrists; developing a mindset for leadership; and acting intentionally to seek opportunities for leadership.

Conclusions:

Shifts in professional identity occur in the transition from trainee to specialist as early career psychiatrists become increasingly aware of broad systemic factors in clinical care. The concept of a mindset, distinct from a skillset of knowledge and expertise, may be an emergent quality for psychiatrists who are seeking to develop their leadership potential.
Compliance of metabolic monitoring at rehabilitation facilities
Authors: Benson Catherine , Kisely Steve , Korman Nicole , Moss Katherine
Published: October 2017

Objectives:

To examine compliance with routine metabolic monitoring at four rehabilitation facilities within the Metro South Addiction and Mental Health Services in Queensland.

Methods:

A retrospective chart audit was undertaken on 63 residents of rehabilitation facilities with electronic health records from 1 October 2014 to 30 March 2015.

Results:

Evidence of any metabolic monitoring was recorded for 87% of residents. Compliance rates differed for monitoring waist circumference (97%), blood pressure (97%), high-density lipoprotein (79%), triglycerides (81%) and plasma glucose (83%). Evidence of communication with residents and primary healthcare providers were each found in 41% of the sample.

Conclusions:

In current clinical practice, metabolic monitoring is high for residents of rehabilitation facilities in Queensland with serious mental illness. However, many residents do not receive adequate communication regarding their results and, disturbingly, results are not forwarded to their primary healthcare providers. This can result in people not receiving treatment for modifiable factors of metabolic syndrome.
Designing With Game-Based Learning: Game Mechanics From Middle School to Higher Education
Authors: Nadolny Larysa , Alaswad Zina , Culver Dennis , Wang Wei
Published: October 2017

Background. The use of game-based learning strategies in higher education has shown promise to increase student motivation and achievement. Little is known about which game mechanics are most appropriate and effective for learners at different academic levels.

Aim. This article examines teacher selection and implementation of game mechanics in 27 courses from middle school to higher education designed with game-based learning.

Method. 27 educators participated in an open-ended survey on the design of their course. Measures included an open response survey on patterns and design of game mechanics with results validated through member checking.

Results. Findings included different choices of game attritubes and game elements in courses in middle school, high school, and higher education. Teacher selection and inclusion of game mechanics changed over time to better meet the needs of students.

Conclusions. The structure of game-based learning at different levels will vary to meet the developmental and academic needs of students, but more work is needed in determining which strategies are most effective for learning.
Wishes, Gratitude, and Spending Preferences in Russian Children
Authors: Mokrova Irina L. , Merçon-Vargas Elisa A. , Tudge Jonathan R. H.
Published: October 2017

Gratitude is an important virtue in any cultural group. In Russian culture, gratitude is a salient and highly promoted trait that is seen as one of the cornerstones of social cohesion. In this study, we investigate wishes, expressions of gratitude, and self-reported spending preferences in 305 Russian 7- to 14-year-olds. Using logistic regression analysis, we found that the younger Russian children were more likely to express concrete gratitude, whereas the older children more frequently expressed connective gratitude. The younger children were also more likely to express wishes for immediate gratification, whereas the older children focused more on self-oriented wishes. Moreover, we found that about one in every six children expressed wishes for well-being of others as their greatest wish. The children’s intent to donate money to charity/poor was predicted by children’s wishes for others’ well-being. These findings are discussed through the lens of Russian culture and history.
Imposing points of zero displacement and zero slopes on a plate subjected to steady-state harmonic excitation
Authors: Shen Yichang , Zhou Xiang , Cha Philip D
Published: October 2017

In this paper, a simple and effective method to enforce fixed nodes, or points of zero displacement and zero slope, on an arbitrarily supported rectangular plate subjected to steady-state harmonic excitations is developed. This is achieved by attaching properly tuned translational and rotational oscillators at specified locations. The governing equations of the combined system are first derived using the assumed-modes method. By enforcing the conditions of zero displacements and zero slopes simultaneously, a set of constraint equations are formulated, from which the oscillator parameters can be determined. When the attachment locations coincide with the desired fixed node locations, it is always possible to select the oscillator parameters such that one or multiple fixed nodes are induced at any locations on the plate for any excitation frequency. When the attachment and the desired node locations are not collocated, it is only possible to induce nodes at certain locations on the plate. When the fixed node locations are judiciously chosen, a selected region of the plate can be made to remain nearly stationary. Thus, the proposed method provides a simple and yet effective means to passively control excessive vibrations.
The construction of icons as a means of access to the social representation of culture
Authors: Galli Ida , Fasanelli Roberto , Schember Emanuele
Published: October 2017

The purpose of this study is to identify the structural elements—and their interrelations—of social representations of culture, circulating among university students. This approach has been employed by many researchers to provide a first level of exploration in terms of descriptions, evaluations, information, and prototypes related to the object of representation. The aim is also to explore if these social representations are different, starting from specific variables, mainly data production context and gender. The sample is made of 620 students (average age of 22) balanced on gender and discipline (physical sciences and engineering, social sciences and humanities, life sciences). We chose a quali-quantitative approach using an ad hoc questionnaire based on the Prototypical Stimuli. In particular, we asked the participants to choose from 18 social constructed (in a pilot study) icons of culture, the five prototypical ones. Then we asked them to write an explanation on the choice of each icon they selected and in the end to classify those icons in order of importance. The collected data were analyzed using the Hierarchical Evocations Technique. Results show the existence of hegemonic representations of culture, shared by all the participants. The theoretical and methodological implications will be presented and discussed.
Continuity and change in the institution of town and country planning: Modelling the role of ideology
Authors: Shepherd Edward
Published: October 2017

The institution of town and country planning rests upon ideas and concepts which will always be contested. Such concepts include ‘liberty’, ‘community’, ‘society’ and ‘the state’. It is a function of political ideology to seek to fix the meanings of contested concepts and thus exert control over political reality. By analysing the particular conceptual structure of the ideologies which seek to influence planning from positions of political power, the analyst can show how these ideologies are related to shifts in the conceptual and institutional structure of planning. The article illustrates this analytical method in the context of the transition from the ideology of New Labour to the ideology of the Conservative-led Coalition government in England after 2010.
Wind turbine noise measurements in controlled conditions
Authors: Boorsma Koen , Schepers Gerard
Published: October 2017

To validate and reduce the uncertainty associated with noise prediction models for wind turbines, there is a need for detailed noise measurements on wind turbines in controlled conditions. However, high-quality wind tunnel campaigns on horizontal axis wind turbine models are scarce due to the large wind tunnel size needed and consequently high associated costs. To serve this purpose, an experiment using the 4.5 -m diameter Mexico turbine was set up in the large low-speed facility of the DNW wind tunnel. An overview of the experiments is given including a selection of results. Both far field microphone as well as microphone array measurements have been performed together with unsteady force measurements on five instrumented blade sections. This allows a unique insight into the relation between acoustics and the underlying aerodynamics. Overall noise characteristics of the turbine have been determined for a variety of operational conditions by varying tip speed ratio and blade pitch angles. Scaling of the noise is studied by comparing similar combinations of tip speed ratio and pitch angle for different tip speeds. The effect of blade soiling on the noise is evaluated using roughness strips, as well as the influence of yawed or misaligned inflow on the rotor noise. A comparison of calculations using a BPM model is given indicating for which operational conditions this model suffices and for which parts the noise prediction can be improved. In summary, after years of preparation, ECN and partners have performed very successful aeroacoustic experiments in the largest wind tunnel in Europe. The comprehensive high-quality database that has been obtained will be used in the international Mexnext consortium to further improve wind turbine acoustic modeling.
Interaction and scattered mode measurement in a mixed bypass/core duct with multiple rotating sources
Authors: Sutliff Daniel L
Published: October 2017

The rotating rake mode measurement system was developed and implemented at the NASA Glenn Research Center in the 1990s to measure turbofan duct acoustic modes. The system is a radial rake with distributed microphones that is inserted into the duct and continuously rotates about the centerline. The rotating rake mode measurement system provides a complete map of the acoustic duct modes present in a ducted fan and has been used on a variety of test articles: from a low-speed concept test rig to full-scale production turbofan engines. Prior rotating rake mode measurement system measurements have occurred in environments with a single rotating source interacting with a stationary source to produce duct modes at the fan rotor harmonics. A recent test of a scale model high-speed research fan in the NASA 9 × 15 ft Low Speed Wind Tunnel had two rotating sources, a rotor fan and a booster fan, on the same shaft. The interaction of the two rotating sources generated scattering at the harmonic sum and difference tones, and modal scattering at a given fan harmonic. Rotating rake mode measurement system data were acquired from this high-speed fan model which provided a database to allow for validation of the duct mode analysis technique expansion and experimental evidence of the scattering phenomenon. In this paper, modes from the two different sources and associated stationary surfaces from a sample fan condition were reported and compared to analytical predictions, in order to validate the ability of the rotating rake mode measurement system to measure scattered modes. Sample modal content of the booster fan tone and its harmonics tones are presented as well as the sum and difference interaction between the rotor and booster fans.
Assessment of Young Children’s Letter-Sound Knowledge: Initial Validity Evidence for Letter-Sound Short Forms
Authors: Piasta Shayne B. , Farley, MS Kristin S. , Phillips Beth M. , Anthony Jason L. , Bowles Ryan P.
Published: October 2017

The Letter-Sound Short Forms (LSSFs) were designed to meet criteria for effective progress monitoring tools by exhibiting strong psychometrics, offering multiple equivalent forms, and being brief and easy to administer and score. The present study expands available psychometric information for the LSSFs by providing an initial examination of their validity in assessing young children’s emerging letter-sound knowledge. In a sample of 998 preschool-aged children, the LSSFs were sensitive to change over time, showed strong concurrent validity with established letter-sound knowledge and related emergent literacy measures, and demonstrated predictive validity with emergent literacy measures. The LSSFs also predicted kindergarten readiness scores available for a subsample of children. These findings have implications for using the LSSFs to monitor children’s alphabet knowledge acquisition and to support differentiated early alphabet instruction.