bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROBLEMS OF USING CRYPTOCURRENCIES IN THE ECONOMY OF STATES
Authors:   Gzhel State University, village Electrical insulator, Moscow region, Russia, Kuzmenkova Vera Dzh.
Published: May 2022

Electronic money has become widespread in the modern world. This is facilitated by the high rate of transactions, low costs, and the increasing use of Internet technologies. One of the most popular types of digital money is possible to define cryptocurrency. But there are problems hindering its use for economic development. Therefore, the directions of using cryptocurrencies in many areas of the economy are being studied. The purpose of the study is to reveal the causes of the problems of introducing cryptocurrencies in a market economy. Empirical, systematic, analytical and other methods were used to study the main problems of using cryptocurrencies on the example of bitcoin. The meaning of the cryptocurrency is revealed, the most significant problems of its use are identified.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE HOTEL COMPLEX IN THE REGION DURING THE PERIOD OF RESTRICTIONS
Authors:   Branch of the Russian State University of Tourism and Service in Makhachkala, Makhachkala. Russia, Shikhsaidov Muzakir Sh. , Daitov Viktor V. ,   Branch of the Russian State University of Tourism and Service in Makhachkala, Makhachkala. Russia
Published: May 2022

The article presents statistical indicators characterizing the development of the hotel sector of the North Caucasus Federal District in the period from 2017 to 2021. The study allows us to characterize the impact of restrictions associated with the coronavirus pandemic on the change in quantitative indicators of the state of collective accommodation facilities in the region.
THE INFLUENCE OF MOBBING ON INTRA-ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS AND CROSS-CULTURAL POTENTIAL
Authors:   Surgut State University, Murtazina Gulnaz I. , Plesovskikh Irina N. ,   Surgut State University
Published: May 2022

The phenomenon of mobbing spread at the end of the 20th century «thanks» to economic crises, the lack of certain prospects for workers and the instability of the labor market. As a result, conflicts in labor collectives began to take extremely severe forms. One of them is mobbing, which is defined by experts as psychological terror that has a destructive effect on human health. In other words, in Russian the concept of «mobbing» can be described as the more familiar word «baiting», which is observed most often in work groups, and where people are forced to stay together for a long time under certain conditions. The concept of mobbing, its causes and features of manifestation in the team are considered. The article provides information about examples of judicial practice, how to solve the problem and the need to amend the labor legislation of the Russian Federation and create local regulatory documents that regulate relations within labor collectives.
DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM FOR FORECASTING STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE FIELD OF DIGITAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors:   Vladimir Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Potapova Elena P. , Savelev Igor I. ,   Vladimir State University named after A. G. and N. G. Stoletovs, Potapov P. S. ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of forecasts for the development of digital entrepreneurship in Russia in the post-normal crisis period. The purpose of the article is to identify the main barriers to the digital transformation of domestic business and to study the general digital trends of future structural changes in the field of digital entrepreneurship in Russia. The analytical material is addressed to system analysts, business leaders and anyone interested in the development of digital entrepreneurship.
ON THE THEORY OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Odintsovo branch of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Rybin Mihail V. , Stepanov Alexander A. ,   Odintsovo branch of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Savina Margarita V. ,   Russian State University of Oil and Gas (National Research University) named after I. M. Gubkin
Published: May 2022

The article reveals the problems and topical issues in the development of the theory and methodology for managing the effectiveness of digital transformation at the stage of formation of a new information- digital technological method of production and consumption. The concepts of «digitalization», «digital transformation», «management of the effectiveness of digital transformation» are critically analyzed and clarified. A conceptual approach to the formation of a system for managing the effectiveness of digital transformation in organizations is proposed.
TRANSFORMATION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR THE CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SYSTEM IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF EXTERNAL CHALLENGES
Authors:   Siberian University of Consumer Cooperation, Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Boronina Ella S.
Published: May 2022

Rating agencies are one of the elements of the corporate governance system. In the face of the challenges of the external environment, it is necessary to develop and maintain national rating systems in order to increase the transparency of corporate activities and attract additional sources of funding. Sectoral shifts in the economy, occurring under the influence of external challenges, can be observed by changes in the formed corporate ratings. Such information is relevant for use by different groups of stakeholders: by investors when assessing the stage of the life cycle of the industry as a whole and the prospects of a particular corporation, taking into account this factor, by the state when making decisions on state support for backbone corporations. Significant changes in the positions of corporations in the ratings can produce an increase in corporate conflicts between all participants in the corporate governance system. An increase in the share of non-controlling owners in IFRS reporting may be a predictor of an increase in conflicts between minority and majority shareholders. An increase in the share of non-controlling owners in IFRS reporting may be a predictor of an increase in conflicts between minority and majority shareholders. One of the tools for resolving conflicts of this type is the offer to buy out the shares of minority shareholders and the consolidation of the stake by the leading shareholders. In the context of global changes in the external environment, the direction of liability insurance of the Board of Directors of corporations and top management is of particular importance. At the same time, it is necessary to rethink the requirements for the mandatory presence of independent directors on the Boards of Directors. If there are independent directors who are not residents, we consider it appropriate to revise the subject matter of the insurance contract and increase the sums insured under the D&O policy.
ON THE QUESTION OF THE OPTIMAL METHOD OF CALCULATION OF THE INVESTMENT COST OF A COMPANY
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of Russia, Timoshinin Vladislav R.
Published: May 2022

The paper explores the concept of company value, analyzes the approaches of Russian and foreign authors to determining the market and investment value of a business. Uncertainty conditions are the reality in which companies have to work and investors make decisions, in this context, it is of particular importance to assess the investment value of a company in order to make the right investment and management decisions, which determines the relevance of the work. The article discusses various methods for assessing the investment value, identifies the main advantages of simulation modeling and studies in detail the use of this technique, taking into account the uncertainty factor.
EVALUATION AND WAYS OF MITIGATION OF RISKS IN INNOVATION CLUSTERS
Authors:   Vyatka State University, Chaplygin Vladimir G. , Moroz Vadim N. ,   Vyatka State University
Published: May 2022

At the present time innovation activity plays a key role in the economic development of countries and regions. Innovation clusters are important instrument of regional innovation development because they unite different organizations, located in the territory of concrete region on the terms of combination of subordination of its members to common goals and objectives with their economic independence, which fosters the complementarity of their functions, resources and possibilities and distribution of independently generated knowledge. At the same time, innovation activity is associated with high uncertainty and risk because of uncertainty in process of making of innovation product and uncertainty in process of entry it into the market. The article focuses its attention on the term “regional innovation cluster” from a perspective of risks associated with innovation activity. The processes of technology transfer between organizations members as the main instrument of functioning of regional innovation cluster are researched.
COMMERCIAL BANK FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: FEATURES, METHODS OF ANALYSIS
Authors:   Bryansk State University named after Academician I. G. Petrovsky, Zverev Аleksey V. , Mishina Marina Yu. ,   Bryansk State University named after Academician I. G. Petrovsky, Kuznetsova Olga N. ,   Bryansk State University named after Academician I. G. Petrovsky, Shestakov Ilya M. ,   Bryansk State University named after Academician I. G. Petrovsky
Published: May 2022

The authors established the main features of the accounting reports of commercial banks, determined the range of methods for analyzing banking financial statements, identified the positions of Russian banking institutions in the ratings for various indicators (net assets, net profit, capital adequacy rate, return on net assets). According to the authors, in order to optimize the financial situation, commercial banks should conduct a quarterly factor analysis of financial statements (primarily articles from the financial results report).
ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF FACTORS ON THE INNOVATION SECURITY OF THE KIROV REGION
Authors:   Vyatka State University, Karanina Elena V. , Davydova Yulia V. ,   Vyatka State University, Chuchkalova Svetlana V. ,   Vyatka State University
Published: May 2022

The article considers the main approaches to assessing innovation security through the prism of the activity of the regional economy in the innovation sphere. The key disadvantage of methods for assessing innovation activity is the lack of assessment of the influence of factors on the effectiveness of innovation activity or on the integral indicator of innovation activity. Based on the identification of groups of factors that have the most significant impact on innovation activity, a study was made of their influence on the prospects for innovation security in the region.
ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF FINANCIAL LITERACY OF THE FINANCIAL BEHAVIOR OF THE POPULATION OF THE REGION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE KIROV REGION)
Authors:   Vyatka State University, Karanina Elena V. , Karaulov Vasily M. ,   Vyatka State University, Berdinskikh Evgeny V. ,   Vyatka State University
Published: May 2022

This scientific article discusses the unique methodology proposed by the authors to assess the level of financial literacy of the population of the Kirov region. In the course of the study, the main results of assessing the level of financial literacy and financial behavior of the population living in the Kirov region for 2021 were processed and presented. Research objectives: to analyze the theoretical aspects of financial literacy of the population presented in foreign and Russian science; to propose a descriptive model of financial literacy; to systematize methodological approaches to measuring financial literacy and propose a methodology for measuring the level of financial literacy of the population in the region; to develop a typology of socio-economic groups that differ in the level of financial literacy; to analyze the level of financial literacy of socio-economic groups of the population of the Kirov region on the basis of a questionnaire and a set of statistical indicators. The theoretical and methodological basis is the conceptual approaches and the theories and concepts presented within them, as well as the collective author’s model of financial literacy research based on the questionnaire survey method and the calculation of statistical indicators. The theoretical significance of the work lies in the need for a sociological analysis of such a complex phenomenon as financial literacy of the population, the development of theoretical and methodological foundations for its study in order to deeply analyze the results of applied sociological research. The practical significance of the work is to optimize the directions and mechanisms for implementing the activities of the Regional Program «Improving financial literacy of the population of the Kirov region» for 2020– 2023. based on the results of assessing the level of financial literacy and financial behavior of the population.
THE ROLE OF SMALL BUSINESSES IN THE SYSTEM OF ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE REGION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE KIROV REGION)
Authors:   Vyatka State University, Ryazanova Olesya A.
Published: May 2022

The relevance of the study is due to modern realities, in which the role of small business as a vital element of the regional economy is increasing, and the level of its development is a basic and priority task for the country as a whole. A strong small business is associated with job creation, increased tax deductions, increased competition and satisfaction of consumer demand. The purpose of the study is to identify the problems of small business development that have a negative impact on the level of economic security of the region on the example of the Kirov region.
SCHOOL EDUCATION AS A FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE HUMAN POTENTIAL OF THE REGION
Authors:   Vladimir Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Solovyova Olga V. , Slepova Anastasia A. ,   Vladimir Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Zemlyakova Polina V. ,   Vladimir Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: May 2022

The article deals with the issue of human potential development and the possibility of its improvement and qualitative change of the state through improving the quality of school education and the complete elimination of illiteracy of citizens of the able-bodied population. Currently, the development of human potential is recognized as the most important task of managing any region (as well as any organization), because without a competent, well-trained, professionally open to new knowledge staff, it is impossible to achieve high efficiency, no matter what the latest technologies are used, no matter how great the ideas are, no matter how favorable the external conditions are. The development of human potential involves the development of the concept and strategy of personnel policy, the choice of principles and methods of personnel management, the creation of optimal conditions in which each employee can realize their abilities, talents, opportunities, show professional knowledge and skills, initiative. Development human potential is a complex task, the solution of which can improve the quality of the workforce and the state of the labor market in the region.
Land Use, Productivity, and Profitability of Traditional Rice–Wheat System Could be Improved by Conservation Agriculture
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Mobarak , Begum Mahfuza , Bell Richard W
Published: May 2022

Power tiller-driven plow tillage and crop residue exclusionary Traditional Agriculture practices are expensive, labor-demanding, soil damage, and eco-unfriendly. Over the last several years, pursuits of crop production through sustaining the productive capacity of soils, and environmental quality, have raised concern to adopt Conservation Agriculture worldwide. Single tillage combined with herbicides and crop residue retention principles of Conservation Agriculture is being developed. Between 2016–2017 and 2017–2018, a two-year on-farm experiment was done in Bangladesh. We practiced two crop establishment methods; Traditional Agriculture: Plow tillage followed by three manual weeding without residue preservation of previous crop and Conservation Agriculture: Pre-plant herbicide + single tillage + pre-emergence herbicide + post-emergence herbicide; under rice–wheat and rice–wheat–mungbean systems. Data reveal that Conservation Agriculture was a more cost-effective crop establishment technique than Traditional Agriculture in rice, wheat, and mungbean by increasing the ratio of benefit to costs by 24.3%, 35.7% and 48.8%, respectively, with savings in tillage operations (66.3%, 58.1%, and 57.6%, respectively), weeding expenditures (59.2%, 24.5%, and 42.2%, respectively), and manpower requirements (25.1%, 27.2%, and 31.3%, respectively). This has resulted in an increase of 32% productivity of rice–wheat–mungbean systems with the yield advantage of 16%, 31% and 37% in rice, wheat and mungbean, respectively. When mungbean was added, the rice–wheat system’s productivity rose by 43%. The rice–wheat–mungbean system under Traditional Agriculture had the highest land utilization efficiency (99.45%), followed by Conservation Agriculture (92.05%), which expanded the scope to include additional crops in the rice–wheat–mungbean system. Moreover, Conservation Agriculture had a 59.7% greater production efficiency than Traditional Agriculture, where the rice–wheat–mungbean system having the highest production efficiency (53.00 kg–1 ha–1 day–1), followed by the rice–wheat system (45.57 kg–1 ha–1 day–1).
MAKNA KALIMAT PERINTAH DALAM KITAB “ASBAB WURUD AL-HADIS” (KAJIAN SEMANTIK)
Authors: Fadilah Indah , Sholih Mohammad Badrus
Published: May 2022

This article aims to describe the characteristics and meanings of the imperative sentences in the book"Asbab Wurud Al-hadis". Sources of written data in the form of words were used in this study. readingand note-taking techniques used in data collection and research methods used are qualitative researchmethods. The results of this article show that there are various forms of the Prophet's commandments,such as the commands of 6 fi'il-amr, 1 form of ismu fi’il-amr, and 6 lam-amr. And the meaning of thecommand sentence in "Asbab Wurud Al-hadith" includes direct orders, soft orders, and request orders.
PRAKTIK PSYCHOLOGY INDIGENOUS DALAM PENDIDIKAN PESANTREN KHR. ASAD SYAMSUL ARIFIN PONDOK PESANTREN SALAFIAH SYAFI’IYAH SUKOREJO SITUBONDO
Authors: Isriyah Mudafiatun , Ayun Qurroti
Published: May 2022

This study aims to reveal and describe how Indigenous Psychology KHR practices. As'ad Syamsul Arifin at the Salafiah Syafi'iyah Islamic Boarding School Sukorejo Situbondo (P2S4). This study focuses on the description of the implementation of Indigenous Psychology and literature in P2S4, using a qualitative approach of the ethnographic-hermeneutic type. Sources of data used: primary data and secondary data reinforced by interviews with informants. Data analysis: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study: learning practices carried out: 1) The practice of indigenous psychology in P2S4 is based on Islamic values ??(fiqh norms and Sufistic life systems) as well as local cultural values, oriented to the benefit of the people, the formation of akhlaqul karimah which always invites goodness. , prevent evil, and fear God Almighty, 2) development, testing, and very little data, psychological theories are assumed to be universal, 3) impose their views on ordinary people: ta'zir, ta'dib, i 'tibar ahwal an-nas, at-tadrij, 4) The original concepts have been analyzed as examples of indigenous psychology. These concepts are interesting, they have limited communicative value for thinkers who do not understand language or know direct phenomena. Also, it is difficult to ascertain whether these conceptualizations are accurate and to assess the scientific merits of these original concepts because very little empirical evidence exists to support their claims. Research suggestions, (1) can be popularized and published in indigenous psychology education in P2S4, (2) the results of this study can be practiced for counselors in Islamic boarding schools, (3) other researchers conduct a more in-depth study of Indiginous Psychology with other focuses to find common ground in different contexts.
Talipes Equinovarus (TEV) and VACTREL Associated Anomalies: Narrative Literature Review
Authors: Arianto Huda Fajar , Faesal A Maodah  , Yunus Abdul Bari
Published: May 2022

Clubfoot or known as Talipes Equinovarus (TEV), is a common anomaly in world population of newborn. This condition was reported in many studies as isolated anomaly but may come with other associated congenital anomalies. This review aims to further discuss the classification of TEV, its etiopathogenesis and how to diagnosis with all kind of VACTERL associated anomaly together with TEV. Many studies show a range of incidence between 1.1-4.5 per 1000 live birth per year and there is a chance of its condition followed by multiple congenital anomalies. Even though, this anomaly was an idiopathic condition, but still there is multifactorial etiology for its in which revealed through many studies also. Nevertheless, the orthopedic management of TEV with or without other congenital conditions still continue to develop to make a better improvement for the patients.
‘Huyu Mtu Hasimami’: Uhuishi katika Mazungumzo ya Daktari na Wanaume katika Kliniki ya Afya ya Uzazi, Kenya
Authors: Ouma Melvin Atieno , Chai Jonathan Furaha , Kitetu Catherine Wawasi
Published: May 2022

Lugha ni kiungo muhimu katika mawasiliano kati ya daktari na mgonjwa. Katika kliniki ya afya ya uzazi, kutaja sehemu za mwili kwa majina yao ni kigezo muhimu katika utoaji na upokeaji wa huduma za afya. Ujinaishaji ni jambo la zamani kama ilivyo ubinadamu. Ujinaishaji wa sehemu za siri ina historia ndefu kutoka karne ya zamani sana. Ujinaishaji wa sehemu hizi ni jambo linalofanyika katika mataifa yote ulimwenguni. Makala haya yanaangazia uhuishi unavyotumiwa na wanaume kama mkakati wa mazungumzo katika kliniki ya afya ya uzazi. Kuafikia hili, makala haya yatashughulikia majina ambayo wanaume wanayapa sehemu zao za siri katika kliniki ya afya ya uzazi. Pia yatafafanua sifa na tabia za kibinadamu zinazopewa sehemu za siri katika mazungumzo ya wanaume na daktari kuhusu matatizo ya afya ya uzazi. Majina kama vile dick, mwanaume, uume, mkuki, chuma na huyu mtu ni baadhi ya majina wanaume walitumia kutaja sehemu zao za siri. Sehemu za siri ya wanaume ilipewa sifa na tabia za kibinadamu kupitia urejeleo kwa ngeli ya A-WA. Matumizi ya ngeli ya A-WA ni idhibati kuwa dhakari ni kama binadamu na wala si sehemu ya mwili ya kawaida kama inavyodhaniwa. Uhuishi ulijitokeza katika mazungumzo kupitia maneno kama vile anakataa, hakubali, hasimami, anajikunja. Semi za wanaume zinaonyesha kuwa dhakari ina uwezo wa kuamuka na kufanya kazi. Dhakari ina uwezo wa kutoa adhabu. Ina uwezo wa kusimama. Ina uwezo wa kuwa imara na ina uwezo wa kuenda. Sehemu za siri za mwanamume zina maisha yake na fahamu zake kando na yule mwanamume anayemiliki sehemu hizo. Kupitia mazungumzo ya daktari na mgonjwa, sehemu za siri (dhakari) ndio sehemu ya mwili inayothaminiwa zaidi miongoni mwa wanaume.
A Közbeszerzési Hatóság legfrissebb állásfoglalásai : 2022. áprilisi összefoglaló
Authors: Toma Barbara
Published: May 2022

A Közbeszerzési Hatóság állásfoglalások formájában ad felvilágosítást a közbeszerzési eljárásokban résztvevő jogalkalmazók számára a közbeszerzésekről szóló 2015. évi CXLIII. törvény (a továbbiakban: Kbt.) és kapcsolódó végrehajtási rendeleteinek alkalmazásával összefüggő általános jellegű megkeresésekre. Alábbiakban a Kbt. alkalmazásával összefüggő kérdésekre adott válaszainkat rendeztük sorrendbe, bízva abban, hogy iránymutatásaink nem csak a kérdésfeltevőknek, hanem valamennyi Olvasónknak hasznos információkkal szolgálnak. Felhívjuk Tisztelt Olvasóink figyelmét, hogy a közbeszerzésekre irányadó jogszabályok alkalmazásával kapcsolatos döntések meghozatala mindenkor a közbeszerzési eljárások résztvevőinek joga és felelőssége. Hangsúlyozzuk továbbá, hogy az állásfoglalásokban megfogalmazott véleményeknek jogi ereje, kötelező tartalma nincsen.
STUDYING THE PROBLEMS OF NUMERALS IN UZBEK AND ENGLISH
Authors:   PhD, Associate professor, Tashkent State Institute of Oriental Studies, Uzbekistan, Mavlyanova Umida Kh.
Published: May 2022

This article is about the word category and some aspects of this word category are studied comparatively in Uzbek and English languages. It offers lexical combinations and quantitative combinations in the sense of the device-semantic classification of numbers (numerators) in Uzbek and English languages and also numbers. Another attempt is made to reveal the meaning of the approximate number in English, as well as its cumulative meaning. As the metatilary of the work, the words with not more than one ending, that is, a definite, indefinite, approximate number, the expression of the summative meaning numbers were obtained. The theoretical significance of the work will be the next step in the comparative-typological study in the system of Uzbek and English languages. It is widely used in the course of comparative typology of the language and native language studied from this article or in lessons or seminars on some sections of lexicology.
THE ROLE OF INTERSTATE COOPERATION BETWEEN UZBEKISTAN AND TAJIKISTAN IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL COOPERATION
Authors:   Master's student Tashkent University of Oriental Studies Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Isokulov Shokhrukh B.
Published: May 2022

Today, the Uzbektan-Tajikistan cooperation has developed comprehensively and reached the level of alliance from a strategic partnership. The trends that have emerged in bilateral and multilateral relations in the following years and are constantly evolving have shaped, developed and brought forth new forms of people's diplomacy in the fields of industrial cooperation, parliamentary and cultural and humanitarian spheres in economic cooperation.
FEATURES OF PUBLIC OVERSIGHT IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Master's student Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Botirov D.O.
Published: May 2022

This article contains scientifically based and practical proposals for improving the system of public control, thereby eliminating errors and omissions in the activities of some government agencies in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
MODERN UZBEK-PAKISTANI RELATIONS AS AN IMPORTANT ELEMENT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERCONNECTIVITY AND COOPERATION IN CENTRAL AND SOUTH ASIA
Authors:   Associate Professor, Candidate of Political Sciences International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Akmalov Shaislam I.
Published: May 2022

The article analyzes the political aspects of establishing and developing relations between the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The main focus of the article is on the impact of the transformation of cooperation between the two states in recent years on the connectivity and cooperation of the regions of Central and South Asia.
Phonetics and phonology of nasality in Ecuadorian Siona
Authors: Bruil Martine , Stewart Jesse
Published: May 2022

This study describes the nasal system in Ecuadorian Siona, an endangered Western Tukanoan language spoken in the Ecuadorian province of Sucumbíos, using the Earbuds Method to analyze nasal events acoustically. This method provides a visual representation of the timing and duration of velum gestures through intensity (dB) and amplitude (Pa) fluctuations in the nasal and oral cavities. The studied events include nasal spreading (nasal harmony), triggers, targets, blockers, and transparent segments. Meanwhile, differences between nasal phonemes and nasal allophones are also identified along with the effects of morpheme boundaries during nasal spreading events. Results reveal that, unlike many other Tukanoan languages, /m/ and /n/ function as individual phonemes independent of their oral counterparts (/p̰/ & /t̰/). In addition, nasal harmony was identified as predominantly rightward spreading apart from syllable-delimited leftward spreading to vocoid segments. Moreover, suffixes responsible for blocking nasal spreading appear to be reminiscent of oral suffixes in Eastern Tukanoan languages. Finally, more blockers were identified in Ecuadorian Siona than in most Eastern Tukanoan languages.
A COMPARISON BETWEEN CHINESE AND BULGARIAN TRADITIONAL CULTURAL PHENOMENA - FEATURES OF WEDDING CUSTOMS
Authors: YANG Bin
Published: May 2022

Marriage custom culture is about the thoughts, concepts and behaviors of marriage arising from the development of human history. It is a part of human culture, with obvious brand of the times. The marriage customs are not only a reflection of culture, but also a portrayal of social development. Every country and every nation in the world has its own unique marriage customs. The study of marriage customs is essentially the study of the phenomenon and the development process of the culture in various countries and nationalities. This article expounds the different views on the origin of marriage between China and Bulgaria, and finds out the similarities and differences in the traditional wedding rituals of the two countries through the comparison of customs and ceremonies such as proposing marriage, getting engaged, preparing for marriage, and holding weddings. Through a comparative study of the influence of the social hierarchy, patriarchy, and religious beliefs on the marriage customs of the two countries from a cultural perspective, it is concluded that the connotations of the marriage customs of the two countries are common, and the social and cultural differences between the two countries have caused them. The specific manifestations of marriage customs are different.
DUNAV MOST – THE BRIDGE OF THE TIME OF TRANSITION
(DISCUSSIONS ABOUT A BULGARIAN TV SHOW)
Authors: VACHEVA Albena
Published: May 2022

The article is focused on one of the most popular Bulgarian TV shows – Dunav Most and the debates about it. The main method is content analysis of newspaper articles and their language in an attempt at explaining the characteristics of the mass media strategies and public speech in the time of transition. Since its broadcasting in November 1999 the TV show has provoked lengthy discussions in some of the most popular newspapers. Journalists have criticized the movie project and the author of the first published article even insisted “Stop the series immediately”. The motivation was that 67 percent of the audience did not like the discussed product of the Bulgarian National Television. The team that created the film was criticized about its many weaknesses – the movie makers tried to tell many stories in a short time and none of the them is finished, there are many erotic scenes (even homosexual ones), which provoke the public moral code, the language is the language of the streets. The whole story is “seamed” from newspaper titles, talking about murders, robberies, rapes and violence – the critics wrote. The conclusions were that it could not be broadcasted in the prime time. The accusations in the newspapers were very serious and the critics blamed the film crew about the usage of vulgar scenes and figures of speech in order to attract the public. The analysis shows that they speculated with the public expectations, using language full of stereotypes and sexist vocabulary – the figurative language that the audience recognizes and fully understands.
ON THE NEGATIVE CONCLUSIVE FORMS OF POSTERIOR TENSES IN MODERN BULGARIAN
Authors: ALEKSOVA Krasimira
Published: May 2022

The research paper examines cases of variability in the paradigm of the negative conclusive (inferential) forms of the posterior tenses in modern Bulgarian. The analysis outlines tree variants: i) with нямало съм component (нямало съм да пиша, нямало си да пишеш, нямало е да пише etc.), ii) with нямало е component (нямало е да пиша, нямало е да пишеш, нямало е да пише etc.), iii) with negative particle не (не съм щял да пиша, не си щял да пишеш, не е щял да пише etc.). Only the first and third variants are mentioned in previous publications concerning conclusive forms in modern Bulgarian (Kutsarov, 2007, Nitsolova, 2008). The variability itself is seen as a display of the non-established formal paradigm of the conclusive evidential. That variability suggests that the process of grammaticalization has not come to an end: which points out a problem regarding one syntagmatic parameter that has not been incorporated in Lehmann’s classification of the paradigmatic and syntagmatic parameters of the process of grammaticalization (Lehmann, 2002). In our database only the conclusive variant with нямало е component is attested. The variant with нямало съм component has renarrative meaning. The predominance of нямало е variant is seen as a case of unification of the conclusive paradigm.
THE CONCEPT OF MEMORY IN THE URBANONYMY OF UZHHOROD
Authors: NEHER Oksana , YURSA Liudmyla
Published: May 2022

The purpose of our article is to delve into the emergence and development of the concept of memory in the Ukrainian urbanonyms of the city of Uzhhorod. We applied the method of associative experiment, which helps to reproduce speakers’ perception of the world. From the urbanonyms of Uzhhorod, we selected those which, according to the authors of these names, are associated with the formation of this concept, the purpose of which is to perpetuate a person or event in the memory of people. We found 310 units of this type. To obtain reliable results, 50 people of different ages (between 18 and 65 years old), gender, and education were interviewed. The analysis of memorial urbanonyms of the city of Uzhhorod showed that most of them form the concept of historical memory based on the key provided by the authors of the names. There are three groups of names according to the degree of their influence on the cultural mentality of speakers: the first group includes the names that are associated with the specific activities of persons whose names are immortalized in these names. The associative experiment showed that the number of such names is about 18%. The second group consists of urbanonyms, which reflect the general idea of the speakers about the person whose name is the basis of the name, but without a specific understanding of what the person did (67% of the names). The third group contains names for which speakers do not have a connection with a particular person in whose honour the urban name was given (15%). The analysis indicates that the clearest understanding of motivation is evoked in the imagination of Uzhhorod residents by names of foreigners and personalities of national importance, especially the names of artists. The reason for this is twofold: first, the fame of the persons immortalized in these names, and secondly, the relative stability of this layer of urbanonyms. The perception of names in honour of local personalities is lower, which is due to the constant transformation of this subgroup of units.
A CROSS-LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF DECLARATIVE PARENTHETICALS
IN ENGLISH AND ALBANIAN
Authors: PREKAZI Zana , SEJDIU-RUGOVA Lindita
Published: May 2022

This article investigates the structure and function of declarative parentheticals in English and Albanian and identifies the equivalences and correspondences of English parentheticals when translated into Albanian. In terms of categorization, we follow the methodology of Huddleston and Pullum (2002) who consider parentheticals to be part of a special group called “supplements”, distinct both from coordination and subordination. For the comparative study, the method of cross-linguistic analysis was chosen. Using examples of literary and non-literary texts extracted from the Albanian National Corpus, we give arguments why parentheticals are neither preposed complements nor subordinate clauses. As a contribution to the study languages, this article offers an analysis of 30,000 words, which proves that the grammatical structures of the study languages affect the translation of parentheticals and their position in the clause. Parallel corpus data suggest that Albanian is richer in the ways parentheticals are expressed: as inverted parenthetical, null-subject parenthetical, and parenthetical with pronominal clitic. The default type of parentheticals in Albanian is, unlike English, inverted parenthetical, [verb]+[subject]. Between supplementation and integration, the former is preferred, whereas the most preferred structure to substitute parentheticals with in translation is reported speech.
PROOFREADING ACADEMIC TEXTS – LINGUISTIC PROBLEMS AND PROFESSIONAL CHALLENGES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PHILOLOGY STUDENTS
Authors: ANASTASOVA Maria , KOSTADINOVA Dafina
Published: May 2022

The paper tries to shed light on some specific problems and challenges in the work of the professional editors of academic texts from the perspective of university students who are trained to be professional translators and editors. Through our work experience as editors for an academic journal and professional investigation of specific examples of incorrect translations we excerpted some samples and asked students to proofread, comment and suggest solutions to instances of erroneous pieces of English or incorrect translation approaches that were found in academic texts submitted for publication to academic journals. The basic aim is to check the extent to which students are prepared to cope with such problems adequately in their future practice. The basic results reveal that most of the students successfully deal with grammatical inaccuracies, but the instances of ambiguous and vague expression, titles of literary works and names of religious entities present a serious challenge. We provide our explanation and suggest solutions to the problems and patterns discussed in the article. The results of the study can be used to provide some suggestions for special training classes and teaching practices aimed at philology students who will work as translators, interpreters and editors, and as motivation for future studies in the field of proofreading and editing academic texts and texts for specific purposes.
Logical Equivalence Failure
Authors: Hughes James H.
Published: May 2022

As a point of mathematical logic, this paper proves that the contrapositive is not logically equivalent to the conditional, which disproves the “proof by contradiction” that has been used in mathematics for over a hundred years. The paper then provides suggestions for why the “proof by contradiction” may have been derived in error.
PROSES PENGOLAHAN UBI KAYU MENJADI KAOPI DAN SOLUSI PEMASARANNYA PADA KELOMPOK WANITA TANI (KWT) BANGUN SEJAHTERA DI KABUPATEN BUTON SELATAN
Authors: Hardin  , Indah Kusuma Dewi  , Yurfiah  , Asriandi  , Faais Mufaasir Ramadhan  , Darojatun Andara
Published: May 2022

Kelompok Wanita Tani Bangun Sejahtera Desa Bola Kecamatan Batauga, mampu untuk menerapkan dan memanfaatkan hasil olahan sesuai dengan tahapan dalam manajemen di mana tahapan tersebut dimulai dari pemilihan bahan baku, pengelolaan atau pengolahan produk, pengemasan hingga memasarkan produk di dukung dengan ketersediaan bahan baku Ubi kayu yang cukup mudah untuk didapatkan merupakan factor penentu lancarnya proses produksi Kaopiku. Produk tersebut berbahan dasar ubi kayu yang merupakan komoditas unggul di Desa Bola Kecamatan Batauga. Melalui kegiatan pengabdian ini, maka usaha Kaopiku bangkit kembali terutama dalam hal pemasaran yaitu secara offline, karena telah dipasarkan ke beberapa minimarket yang ada di Kota Baubau dan juga melalui promosi secara online. Selain itu juga ada produk turunan yang ikut diproduksi yaitu Brownies Kaopiku, Nastar Kaopiku, Bolu Gulung Kaopiku dan Bolu Mentega Kaopiku Untuk produk turunan Kaopiku, diproduksi sesuai pesanan konsumen sehingga produk turunan yang diperoleh setiap harinya berbeda-beda  Untuk UMKM Kaopiku diharapkan kedepannya dapat memperluas jaringan pemasaran baik offline maupun online agar lebih di kenal lagi oleh orang banyak, sehingga mampu meningkatkan permintaan produk dan pendapatan usaha.
Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection
Authors:   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Ragea Carina , Gica Nicolae ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Botezatu Radu ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Demetrian Mihaela ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Gica Corina ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Ciobanu Anca Marina ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Cimpoca-Raptis Brindusa Ana ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Peltecu Gheorghe ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Panaitescu Anca Maria ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: May 2022

This review aims to evaluate the prevention strategies of perinatal HIV infections and their efficacy worldwide, both in resource-limited and in resource-rich regions. Furthermore, it presents the most recent aspects of obstetric management of HIV-infected mothers. The introduction of combined antiretroviral therapy (ART) has decreased mother-to-child HIV transmission in high-income settings to historically low levels. Efforts to implement antiretroviral agents in resource-limited countries were also successful in reducing perinatal transmission. However, there are differences in prevention strategies between low and high-resource settings regarding the mode of delivery and infant feeding advice. The three-part prevention strategy (antepartum, intrapartum, and infant prophylaxis) is the most effective approach. Viral load suppression by antiretroviral treatment up to the time of birth is the most effective way to reduce perinatal transmission. Viral load and not HIV status should be used to determine the mode of delivery. Furthermore, the duration of prolonged rupture of membranes is not associated with an increased risk of HIV transmission in women with low viral load. Breastfeeding is contraindicated for mothers living with HIV in resource-rich settings, whereas in low-income areas breastfeeding remains the main nutritional source for infants. ART should be initiated as early as possible in newly diagnosed pregnant women and should be continued for life. Preventive strategies of perinatal HIV transmission have become extraordinarily successful, especially due to the introduction of antiretroviral therapy. Key strategies in the prevention of mother- to-child transmission are prompt identification and treatment of HIV-infected mothers and postpartum infant prophylaxis.
Hepatitis C virus infection and pregnancy – not the simplest combination
Authors:   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Mugescu Cezara Diana , Demetrian Mihaela ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Gica Nicolae ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Botezatu Radu ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Gica Corina ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Peltecu Gheorghe ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Ciobanu Anca Marina ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Cimpoca-Raptis Brindusa Ana ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Panaitescu Anca Maria ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: May 2022

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has a rather noticeable effect on pregnancy, considering the fact that two entities are involved: the mother and the fetus. It has become a worldwide health threat, so forward actions are to be taken in order to minimize the impact on morbidity and mortality caused by this virus. We conducted this review article based on data from 33 articles published between 2016 and 2021 that assessed both maternal and fetal outcomes, long term effect on children born to HCV infected mothers, screening for HCV among pregnant women, vertical transmission, recommendations for the management of HCV infected pregnant patient, available medication and the need for treating HCV during pregnancy. The majority of authors concluded that HCV has a greater impact on the fetus/child rather than on mother and also, most of them are calling in for the need to treat this infection during pregnancy in order to diminish the risk of vertical transmission, therefore to reduce the incidence of HCV infection among infants. The necessity for further studies, especially on safety data for antiviral medication is imperative, as well as the need for new steps in downsizing the impact of HCV infection on individuals around the globe.
HPV and premature delivery risk
Authors:   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Cudalba Delia Ioana , Gica Nicolae ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Botezatu Radu ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Peltecu Gheorghe ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Gica Corina ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Demetrian Mihaela ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Panaitescu Anca Maria ,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: May 2022

Preterm delivery represents the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Among possible etiologies of premature birth are the infectious ones, Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection being less documented than others. The available data on the role of HPV infection in premature delivery pathogenesis is limited and controversial. This review article attempts to make an assessment of current information on the risk of premature delivery in women with HPV infection during pregnancy. A systematic literature electronic search for journal articles and guidelines regarding HPV infection during pregnancy was undertaken. The relationship between HPV infection and pregnancy is bidirectional, as physiological changes that occur during pregnancy modulate the mechanisms of HPV infection and HPV infection determine adverse maternal, obstetrical, and fetal outcomes.