bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A dynamic obstacle avoidance method for collaborative robots based on trajectory optimization
Authors: Ge Weizong , Chen Hongyu , Ma Hongtao , Li Liuhe , Bai Ming , Ding Xilun , Xu Kun
Published: December 2023

Background Collision detection is crucial in the design of robot planning algorithms. Efficient distance sensors can provide high-resolution environmental collision information to the robot's planning algorithm. However, this also leads to the robot obstacle avoidance performance being limited by the performance of the sensors. Therefore, it becomes a challenge to achieve efficient obstacle avoidance with low-resolution environmental information. Methods First, we use a self-developed capacitive array non-contact distance sensing flexible surface for sensing the proximity of colliding objects. Second, we designed an optimization-based dynamic obstacle avoidance planning algorithm, using only the minimum separation distance and penetration direction as obstacle avoidance information, and referring to the idea of stochastic gradient descent, using real-time collision avoidance information to do single-step optimization adjustment. Results We conducted the dynamic obstacle avoidance test experiment by connecting the electronic skin to the semi-physical prototype and the full physical prototype. The experiments show that efficient dynamic obstacle avoidance can be realized under the maximum effective range of only 5~7cm, and it has strong flexibility to avoid different shapes of dynamic obstacles in a non-contact manner, and finally arrive at the target position. Conclusions In this paper, an online obstacle avoidance planning algorithm designed based on an optimization method that is not limited to the shape of obstacles is proposed, and the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by physical experiments in combination with a self-developed flexible distance sensing surface. It is of great significance for the safe operation of human-robot interaction in collaborative robots.
An EDucation and eXercise intervention for gluteal tendinopathy in an Irish setting: a protocol for a feasibility randomised clinical trial (LEAP-Ireland RCT)
Authors: Almousa Sania , Vicenzino Bill , Mellor Rebecca , Grimaldi Alison , Bennett Kathleen , Doyle Frank , McCarthy Geraldine M. , McDonough Suzanne M. , Ryan Jennifer M. , Lynch Karen , Sorensen Jan , French Helen P.
Published: December 2023

Background Gluteal tendinopathy (GT) is a degenerative tendon condition characterised by pain over the greater trochanter of the hip. A randomised controlled trial (RCT) in Australia found that 14 sessions of EDucation on load management plus eXercise (EDX) delivered over 8 weeks resulted in greater improvements in global rating of change and pain outcomes at 8 and 52 weeks, compared with corticosteroid injection or ‘wait and see’. Typically, 5-6 physiotherapy sessions are provided in public and private physiotherapy settings in Ireland, therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the feasibility of conducting an RCT to investigate effectiveness of 6 sessions of the EDX programme compared to usual care. Methods We will randomly allocate 64 participants with GT to physiotherapist-administered EDX or usual care. The EDX intervention (EDX-Ireland) will be delivered in 6 sessions over 8 weeks. To determine feasibility of an RCT, we will assess recruitment and retention and outcome measure completion. The health status outcomes to be assessed at baseline, 8 weeks and 3 months include: Global Rating of Change, pain severity, the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Gluteal Questionnaire (VISA-G), the Patient-Specific Functional Scale, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, the EQ-5D-5L, the Central Sensitisation Inventory and hip abductor muscle strength. We will explore acceptability of the EDX-Ireland intervention from the perspective of patients and treatment providers, and the perspective of referrers to the trial. A Study Within A Trial will be also applied to compare recording of exercise adherence using app-based technology to paper-based diary. Discussion There is a need to establish effective treatments for GT that potentially can be implemented into existing health systems. The findings of this feasibility trial will inform development of a future definitive RCT. Registration The trial is registered prospectively on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05516563, 27/10/2022).
Immunomodulatory effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and the use of natural products to ameliorate its immunotoxic effects: A review
Authors: Kipkoech Gilbert , Jepkorir Mercy , Kamau Sally , Wanyoko Alice , Kibunja Susan , Amozi Jeremiah Rechard , Masese Johnson , Ntui-Njock Vincent , Mutai Charles , Mwitari Peter
Published: December 2023

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a potent mycotoxin, is known to be an immunotoxic agent that causes various immune system disorders. It can cause immunosuppression by direct toxic effect on the host or by its ability to interfere with the immune response and thereby lead to secondary infections. The immunomodulatory effects of AFB1 and its metabolites have been reported in many studies. Yet, the exact mechanisms responsible for these immunomodulatory effects are still obscure. This review summarizes the current findings on the interaction between AFB1 and the host immune system, while also highlighting other potential mechanisms involved in AFB1-induced immunosuppression. These potential mechanisms include modulation of cytokine production, production of inflammatory mediators and their receptors, activation of pro-inflammatory pathways, alteration in cell surface receptors involved in T cell activation and regulation of apoptosis. The review also discusses recent findings on natural products that have been found capable of inhibiting AFB1-induced immunosuppression in various animal models. With the latest exploration of natural products as a solution, the burden of aflatoxicosis in society is likely to subdue. Some of the promising natural products that have been highlighted to have ameliorative effects include grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE), bentonite clay, NovaSil Clay and Spirulina plantesis among others. Considering the seriousness of aflatoxicosis in the public domain and lack of effective management approaches, there is an urgent need for more research to understand AFB1-induced immunotoxicity and possible remedies.
Family network and household composition: a longitudinal dataset derived from the Karonga Health and Demographic Surveillance System, in rural Malawi
Authors: McLean Estelle , Kalobekamo Fredrick , Mwiba Oddie , Crampin Amelia C , Slaymaker Emma , Sear Rebecca , Dube Albert
Published: December 2023

Proximity to family, household composition, and structure are often studied as outcomes and as explanatory factors in a wide range of scientific disciplines. Here, we describe a large longitudinal dataset (currently including data from over 70,000 individuals from 2004 to 2017), including data on household structure, proximity to kin, population density, and other socio-demographic factors derived from data from the Karonga Health and Demographic Surveillance Site (HDSS) in Northern Malawi. We present how the dataset is generated, list some examples of how it can be used, and provide information on the limitations that affect the types of analyses that can be carried out.
The genome sequence of the giant clam, Tridacna crocea (Lamarck, 1819)
Authors: Li Ruiqi , Li Jingchun , Lopez Jose Victor , Oatley Graeme , Sinclair Elizabeth , Aunin Eerik , Gettle Noah , Santos Camilla , Paulini Michael , Niu Haoyu , McKenna Victoria , O’Brien Rebecca ,   EBI ASG Portal Team,   Aquatic Symbiosis Genomics Project Leadership
Published: December 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual Tridacna crocea (the giant clam; Mollusca; Bivalvia; Cardiida; Cardiidae). The genome sequence is 1,049 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 18 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 29.0 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 20,881 protein coding genes.
Impact of Covid-19 on Yamuna River water quality: Possible ways to rejuvenate the riverine ecosystem in national capital of India
Authors: M Umamah , N A Khan  , N N Sadaf , Mufti A  , Farooqi I  , M A Khan  , Gauhar M  , Kashif Ali  , S Gautam  , A S Khan  , Renu Dhupper  , Sergij Vambol
Published: December 2023

The water quality of Yamuna River was studied for four years from 2019 until August 2022. The period witnessed the onset of COVID-19 pandemic and government-imposed complete lockdown which caused slight improvement in the water quality. Five parameters pH, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Faecal Coliform (FC) monitored by Delhi Pollution Control Committee (DPCC) were analyzed to see the changes in water quality of Yamuna River in the Delhi stretch before the onset of COVID-19 (2019), during the COVID-19 (2020 and 2021) and after the pandemic (2022). Maximum improvement in some water quality parameters were observed only during the 1st lockdown in the year 2020 when government had imposed complete restriction on the movement of people and industries were not functioning at there maximum capacity. The water quality again declined in the year 2021 and further in the year 2022. Major cause of pollution was the untreated waste reaching the river from various drains. Therefore, it is extremely important to intersect all the major and minor drains through Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs). The floodplain of the river needs to be managed to keep the pollution in control.
Impact of Surrounding Infrastructure on Urban Environment: A Case Study of Karachi Metropolitan
Authors: Kausar Anila , Afzal Ambreen , Khan Owais Iqbal , Maqsoom Asad , Saeed Ghuffran , Vambol Sergij , Trush Oleksandr , Murasov Rustam , Mykhailov Viktor
Published: December 2023

Urban environment carries complex land-use and land cover (LULC), similarly Karachi as a metropolitan have multifaceted LULC and compact infrastructure. This study seeks to assess the impact of infrastructure of urban environment at mega city Karachi Pakistan. Approximately, fifteen different locations of metropolitan with different surroundings were evaluated based on the studied variables of surrounding such as temperature, humidity, formaldehyde (HCHO), total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) pollution, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in air i.e., air quality, maximum noise pollution and minimum noise pollution were investigated. The readings have been collected through relevant instruments and the results have been generated through interpolation in ArcMap 10.8. The obtained results revealed that the physical factors affect the temperature and humidity conditions of the study area. While environmental and noise pollution depends on the surroundings, e.g. industrial surrounding effects on air quality, i.e. 180 recorded at industrial region of Korangi, while construction sites are catalysts of noise pollution and highest noise pollution are recorded at North-Nazimabad. Cancer causing substance, i.e. formaldehyde found along the petrol pumps, airports and transportation junctions ranges up to 0.99 ppm near Jinnah International airport and mass transit location of Shahrah e Faisal. While total volatile compound pollution has been found along the Malir catchment area, i.e. 0.4 mg/m3. The lifestyle of Karachiites need to be transform there is a dire need to think about physical and mental concord of the citizens of metropolitan. Similarly, government should play some positive actions and introduced green and environmental friendly technology to control air and noise pollution.
Agricultural waste in Libya as a resource for biochar and methane production: An analytical study
Authors: Elmnifi Monaem , Almaktar Mohamed , Vambol Sergij , Trush Oleksandr , Sydorenko Volodymyr , Mykhailov Viktor
Published: December 2023

This study aims to analyse the possibility of exploiting agricultural waste in Libya to produce biochar and methane gas, and to evaluate the technical, economic and environmental aspects associated with this technology. In this study, the focus was on seven agricultural projects located in the Libyan desert, where these projects contain many varieties of Crops. A region with a total area of 5.36×106 ha was explored from Benghazi to Dernah eastward including the Green Mountain (Libya). For literary analysis, peer-reviewed scientific publications for 2018-2023 were selected from reliable bibliometric databases Scopus, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, since these databases have the greatest coverage of peer-reviewed publications. To study the biomass potential of the region, the Bioenergy Tool developed by IRENA was used. The study showed that agricultural residues available in Libya can be used Libya, such as grain straw, palm trees, and others, in the production of biochar and methane gas, using pyrolysis techniques to convert agricultural waste into biochar and methane gas. The study indicates that this technology can be cost-effective and environmentally effective, and that many environmental and economic benefits can be achieved, such as improving air quality, increasing agricultural land productivity, and providing new job opportunities.
A COMPARISON OF VALUE-BASED AND POLICY-BASED REINFORCEMENT LEARNING FOR MONITORINGINFORMED RAILWAY MAINTENANCE PLANNING
Authors: ARCIERI GIACOMO , HOELZL CYPRIEN , SCHWERY OLIVER , STRAUB DANIEL , PAPAKONSTANTINOU KONSTANTINOS G , CHATZI ELENI
Published: December 2023

Optimal maintenance planning for railway infrastructure and assets forms a complex sequential decision-making problem. Railways are naturally subject to deterioration, which can result in compromised service and increased safety risks and costs. Maintenance actions ought to be proactively planned to prevent the adverse effects of deterioration and the associated costs. Such predictive actions can be planned based on monitoring data, which are often indirect and noisy, thus offering an uncertain assessment of the railway condition. From a mathematical perspective, this forms a stochastic control problem under data uncertainty, which can be cast as a Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP). In this work, we model the real-world problem of railway optimal maintenance planning as a POMDP, with the problem parameters inferred from real-world monitoring data. The POMDP model serves to infer beliefs over a set of hidden states, which aim to capture the evolution of the underlying deterioration process. The maintenance optimization problem is here ultimately solved via the use of deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) techniques, which allow for a more flexible and broad search over the policy space when compared to classical POMDP solution algorithms. A comparison of value-based and policy-based RL methods is also offered, which exploit deep learning architectures to model either action-value functions (i.e., the expected returns from an action-state pair) or directly the policy. Our work shows how this complex planning problem can be effectively solved via deep RL to derive an optimized maintenance policy of railway tracks, demonstrated on real-world monitoring data, and offers insights into the solution provided by different classes of RL algorithms.
ENABLING ROBUSTNESS TO VEHICLE-BRIDGE VARIABILITY IN DRIVE-BY BRIDGE HEALTH MONITORING THROUGH PHYSICS-INFORMED SIGNAL DECOMPOSITION
Authors: XU PEIYAO , AGGARWAL JATIN , NOH HAE YOUNG , LIU JINGXIAO
Published: December 2023

Bridge health monitoring (BHM) is important due to its benefits in detecting and diagnosing potential damages to bridges, providing early warning signals, and guiding maintenance decisions. Compared to manual inspection and fixed-sensors-based monitoring, drive-by BHM leverages vibration responses measured from vehicles passing over bridges to indirectly diagnose bridge damages, offering a rapid, mobile, and economical complementary solution. However, vehicle-bridge interaction (VBI) systems have large variations in bridge configurations, vehicle suspension systems, driving speeds, and so on, making it challenging to develop a damage diagnosis algorithm that is robust to vehicle-bridge variability. Moreover, existing approaches often require vehicle speed within a specific range to provide both informative and reliable signals, limiting their practical applications. To address these challenges, we introduce a damage diagnosis approach that extracts damage-sensitive features and enhances their robustness to vehicle-bridge variability through physics-informed signal decomposition. Our approach first pre-processes and decomposes the vehicle vibration signal using the synchro-squeezed wavelet transform (SWT) because of its anti-noise property and its ability to represent the non-stationary and time-varying signals from drive-by vehicles. Then, a damage-sensitive signal is reconstructed using the inverse SWT within a physics-informed frequency band which excludes the vehicle and bridge resonances while keeping the damage-sensitive information. Peak features, such as peak location and energy, are input to the Gaussian Mixture Model clustering algorithm for diagnosing bridge damage in an unsupervised fashion. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated on a numerical VBI model, which includes three vehicle types, six bridge lengths, and three bridge cross-sections, and takes into consideration the variability in vehicle properties and speed. The results validate that the extracted features are damage-sensitive and robust to various vehiclebridge systems, achieving an overall mean absolute percentage error of 0.78% for damage localization and 13.13% for damage quantification.
ULTRASONIC MULTI-HOLE IMAGING USING FULL WAVEFORM INVERSION
Authors: ANWAR SHOAIB , AKTHARUZZAMAN MD. , DAY JOHN , HE JIAZE
Published: December 2023

Ultrasound computed tomography (USCT), in recent years, is becoming an increasingly popular method for structural health monitoring (SHM) and non-destructive evaluation (NDE). Full waveform inversion (FWI), a cutting-edge inversion method, utilizes all information in ultrasonic measurements in USCT. It iteratively reconstructs the model parameters (i.e., wave speed of materials) of the scanned specimen by calculating the gradient of waveform difference between the measured and synthetic signals through a partial derivative equation (PDE)-constrained optimization process. By reconstructing these model parameters, defects inside the specimen can be identified. This study aims to evaluate FWI’s performance in imaging defects (i.e., holes). FWI was implemented to process the numerically generated signals to simulate the data acquisition in a steel specimen with six holes of different sizes (diameters ranging from 0.4 mm to 5.2 mm). First, a shorter numerical model with the same number and size of holes was used to benchmark FWI’s performance with full coverage of source and receiver elements for the domain. To emulate large-scale structural component inspection, the numerical domain was then changed to the dimensions of the actual steel specimen, and the scanning setup was changed to a pair of linear transducer arrays with relatively shorter apertures located on the top and bottom of the specimen. The effect of the array aperture on the FWI performance was studied. The reconstructed model parameter, longitudinal wave speed (Vp) , and shear wave speed (Vs) maps showed that with the current setup, FWI can identify the locations of all holes. A new imaging condition was proposed using the inverted Vp and Vs maps to quantify the shapes and size of the holes. The ultrasound signals from the actual steel specimen with holes of the same dimensions were also analyzed and modeled. The results exhibit the potential of applying FWI on experimentally acquired data from the steel sample.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON DEBONDING DETECTION FOR GROUTED JACKET CONNECTION OF AN OFF-SHORE WIND TURBINE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE SPECIMEN WITH PZT PATCHES
Authors: LIU QIAN , XU BIN , ZHU XINHAI , WANG JIANG , HU WEI
Published: December 2023

Grouted jacket connections (GJCs) have been widely used to connect longitudinal components of offshore wind turbine supporting structures. Debonding defects detection in GJCs is critical for the safety and serviceability of offshore wind turbine support structures. In this paper, an interface debonding detection approach for a scaled GJC specimen using both surface stress wave and Electromechanical impedance (EMI) measurement is proposed with Piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) patches. The scaled GJC specimen with various mimicked interface debonding detects is designed. Based on the surface stress wave measurements of PZT sensors arranged with a one pitch and multiple catch (OPMC) configuration, the regions of the mimicked defects are estimated using the intersections of the surface stress wave propagation paths with abnormal measurements. EMI measurements of PZT sensors located in the estimated debonding regions are used to accurately identify the dimension of the mimicked debonding defects using the root mean square deviation (RMSD) index of the impedance measurements of PZT sensors. The visualized debonding region is close to the actual location of the mimicked debonding defect.
RADAR-BASED STRUCTURAL MONITORING OF WIND TURBINES BLADES: FIELD RESULTS FROM TWO OPERATIONAL WIND TURBINES
Authors: MÄLZER MORITZ , BECK SEBASTIAN , ALIPEK SERCAN , REICHART ELIAS , MOL JOCHEN , KROZER VIKTOR , OIKONOMOPOULOS CHRISTOS , KASSNER, JÜRGEN , HÄGELEN MANFRED , HEINECKE THOMAS , CERBE BURKHARD , ROSE JONAS , KLUMPP VESA , BERGER MARTIN , KOHL MARIO
Published: December 2023

Wind energy plays a prominent role in Germany to achieve the climate targets. According to the ”Wind-an-Land-Gesetz” (literally: ”Wind on Land Act”), which has just come into force, the area used for onshore wind energy in Germany should be more than doubled from the current 0.8% to 2% until 2032. Rotor blades are one of the most significant cost factors of a wind turbine. They contribute with about 30% to the plant costs. By means of continuous monitoring of their structural integrity, it would be possible to reduce downtime and maintenance costs. This approach of “structural health monitoring” (SHM) with FMCW-radar systems has already been tested in the laboratory. In this contribution, we describe and demonstrate an SHM system for radar-based monitoring of rotor blades at two operational wind turbines. For this purpose, a sensor box with a 35 GHz radar sensor (1 000 measurements per second) and a camera system (100 images per second), is mounted on each wind turbine tower at approximately 100 m height. In order to distinguish individual rotor blades, a machine-readable marker printed on a self-adhesive film was applied on the blade’s surface. When a rotor blade passes the sensor, the camera captures an image of the marker while the radar records a measurement. The marker is then identified and the recorded data is assigned to a particular rotor blade. The ultimate goal is to detect damage-induced changes in the radar characteristic of the blades. By end of April, over 260 000 rotor blade passes had already been recorded. The data set will be discussed in the paper. Images from the FMCW-radar are classified by the rotor blade label using a convolutional neural network (CNN). Early test results for a subset already show an f1-score of 0.886 and 0.923 for each rotor blade of the evaluated wind turbine.
Los jesuitas en los confines del imperio. La evangelización en Villa rica del Espíritu Santo (Paraguay, 1589-1675)
Authors: Page Carlos A.
Published: December 2023

Los primeros jesuitas que llegaron al Paraguay lo hicieron desde la Asistencia de Portugal, con el consentimiento del provincial del Perú, creando las residencias de Asunción y Villa Rica como base de sus operaciones misionales. Tuvieron contacto directo con los actores de aquel tiempo y se expusieron a sus enfrentamientos, de los que en ocasiones fueron mediadores. A través de fuentes documentales, relatos de viajeros y una seleccionada bibliografía, abordamos el trabajo desde el campo temático de la evangelización temprana de los jesuitas en la región, quienes se situaron y comprendieron lo que significó una zona de conflicto, por la utilización de la mano de obra indígena, asumiendo causas y consecuencias.
El auge del turismo y su impacto en los medios de vida y territorios entre 2007 y 2022
Authors: Vianchá Sánchez Zulma , Rojas-Pinilla Humberto
Published: December 2023

Este artículo, mediante la revisión de 106 casos publicados entre 2007 y 2022, aborda dichas transformaciones en términos de los cambios en la disponibilidad, acceso y control de los activos disponibles para el sustento de la población, utilizando el enfoque de los medios de vida. Se usó el mapeo sistémico para la metodología, que describe evidencias relevantes de un tema específico, con preguntas abiertas y síntesis de información mediante matrices de clasificación de categorías. En la mayoría de los casos, las actividades turísticas se desarrollan en áreas naturales protegidas. Se destacan transformaciones que pueden mejorar el acceso a los activos, pero también aumentar la vulnerabilidad de las personas que dependen estrechamente de recursos naturales y complementan sus ingresos mediante trabajos estacionales e informales provenientes del turismo. Adicionalmente, se presentan recomendaciones desde iniciativas turísticas que han logrado integrar el turismo a los medios de vida sin socavar el sustento.
Bicycle Flow Dynamics of Cyclist Loading and Unloading Processes at Bottlenecks
Authors: Guo Ning , Wong Wai , Jiang Rui , Wong S. C. , Hao Qing-Yi , Wu Chao-Yun
Published: December 2023

Cycling has emerged as one of the most important green transport modes in recent years, with cities increasingly prioritizing cycling in their sustainable policy agenda. However, the associated traffic dynamics, especially the evolution of bicycle flow at bottlenecks, have not been extensively studied. In this study, real-world experiments were conducted to investigate the dynamics of bicycle flow at bottlenecks under various cycling demands generated by the cyclist unloading and loading processes. Upon the activation of the bottleneck, its capacity remained largely constant. For the same physical system, the bottleneck capacity of the cyclist loading process exceeded that of the unloading process, indicating the occurrence of capacity drop and hysteresis. Statistical analyses demonstrated that the capacity drop was attributable to the difference in speeds of the two processes for the same cycling demands after the bottleneck activation. These findings could potentially be explained by behavioral inertia. Further analysis revealed that, compared with the unloading process, the cyclist loading process was associated with higher cycling speeds owing to the higher overtaking rates. The outcomes of this study can advance our understanding of the physics of bicycle flow dynamics and provide valuable insights for transport planning professionals involved in facility planning and control of existing networks.

Funding: This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 71931002 and 72288101], the University of Hong Kong [Francis S Y Bong Professorship to S. C. Wong], the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory Program of the 2020 Guangdong New Innovative Strategic Research Fund, Guangdong Science and Technology Department [Grant 2020B1212030009], and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [Grant JZ2023YQTD0073].

Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2023.0193 .
Do Discurso Capitalista Neoliberal ao Sujeito como Inapropriável
Authors: Medeiros Alberto , Gomes Maria Caroline , Sousa Tatiane , Calazans Roberto
Published: December 2023

Por meio da formalização lacaniana da teoria dos discursos e do discurso do capitalista, objetivamos localizar os modos de operação presentes na racionalidade neoliberal. Partimos da introdução de uma nova modalidade de laço social, que parece travar as possibilidades de funcionamento do quarto de giro e opera sob o psiquismo aos moldes de uma produção ilimitada, reduzindo o desejo à dimensão da demanda. Esse movimento realiza uma manobra de captura da subjetividade por meio do supereu e passa a se orientar por horizontes forjados pelo neoliberalismo. A empreitada do discurso do capitalista se assemelha a um "crime perfeito", a qual tem como meta o apagamento de qualquer rastro que sirva como uma orientação desejante. Apostamos na inscrição do desejo por meio do ato de escuta como estratégia de localização de representações possíveis. Assim evita-se a consumação de um crime perfeito e trata-se de uma operação com um resto inassimilável pela economia de mercado. É na medida em que esse resto pode ser acolhido por meio de uma escuta que se inscreve a possibilidade de produção não apenas de uma coordenada pautada no desejo bem como de uma estratégia política frente ao ilimitado dos mercados contemporâneos.
Indigenismo, imigração e racialismo: o caso de O Cenáculo (1896)
Authors: Marach Caroline Baron
Published: December 2023

O artigo objetiva refletir sobre a concepção de indígena elaborada por um grupo de escritores paranaenses no final do século XIX. Com as análises da revista paranaense O Cenáculo (1896), constata-se que os indígenas eram percebidos como agentes capazes de garantir a integridade étnica do povo brasileiro. Entendemos que os escritores mencionados cumprem a função de “atores linguísticos”, expressão utilizada por John Pocock (2003) para designar aqueles que instrumentalizam a linguagem de uma época, articulando-a na garantia de seus interesses e na expressão de ideias. Tais escritores defenderam, na imprensa local, a civilidade para os indígenas viabilizada pela inclusão e miscigenação desses povos no cotidiano das cidades. Também, buscaram compreender a formação étnica do povo brasileiro, comparando-o com outras populações do mundo.
Ementário UERJ: da pesquisa-ação à extensão universitária
Authors: Praxedes Carmem Lucia Pereira
Published: December 2023

A ementa existe com a finalidade de definir a carga horária, o número de créditos, a bibliografia e os conteúdos a serem ministrados em cada disciplina. Sua disponibilização on-line é importante para que a consulta seja ágil e eficiente, em especial para os alunos no momento de inscrição em disciplinas e dos docentes para propor atualizações de conteúdo ou na avaliação de pedidos de isenções/equivalências entre disciplinas. Sendo assim, com o intuito de atender à exigência do MEC, na Portaria Normativa n. 40, e modernizar o sistema de busca da UERJ criou-se o Projeto Ementário UERJ com a finalidade de melhor atender alunos, docentes e técnicos nas inscrições e isenções em disciplinas, bem como em pesquisas e reformas curriculares.
Fatores associados à Infecção latente pelo Mycobacterium Tuberculosis em Profissionais de Saúde da Atenção Primária
Authors: Brandão Socorro Adriana de Sousa Meneses , Ferreira Luís Felipe Oliveira , Lira Jefferson Abraão Caetano , Fronteira Inês Santos Estevinho , Araújo Telma Maria Evangelista de
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: analisar na literatura científica os fatores associados à infecção latente pelo Mycobacterium Tuberculosis em profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura, com coleta realizada entre novembro e dezembro de 2021. Considerou-se como critérios de inclusão: Estudos primários relacionados à temática e que incluam os seguintes profissionais: enfermeiros, médicos, dentistas, técnicos de enfermagem e técnicos de saúde bucal, sem delimitação temporal e de idiomas. Foram critérios de exclusão: estudos oriundos de opiniões de especialistas, editoriais, trabalhos de conclusão de curso, monografias, dissertações e teses. As bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, Medline, Scopus; Web of Science e Embase foram utilizadas. Resultados: foram selecionados nove estudos, que apresentaram os fatores associados idade, sexo e presença de doenças crônicas, estilo de vida e condições de trabalho. Conclusão: foi possível analisar os fatores associados à ILTB, o que poderá subsidiar a realização de políticas públicas mais assertivas e contribuir para o controle deste agravo.
Nível de ruídos na unidade neonatal
Authors: Pacheco Raila Neumann , Machado Maria Estela Diniz , Silva Luciana Rodrigues da , Paiva Eny Dorea , Silveira Ana Luiza Dorneles da , Dos Santos Luciano Marques
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: verificar os níveis de pressão sonora, a influência do turno e das ocorrências nesses níveis em uma unidade neonatal do Rio de Janeiro. Método: estudo longitudinal, exploratório, descritivo, com dados coletados entre novembro de 2021 e janeiro de 2022. As variáveis categóricas foram descritas por meio de frequências absoluta e relativa. A aderência à distribuição normal foi verificada pelo teste Shapiro-Wilk. Para a análise da associação entre variáveis de exposição e desfecho, utilizou-se teste Mann-Whitney e Kruskal Wallis. Considerou-se estatisticamente significativos resultados de p<0,05. Resultados: foram coletados 10.122 registros de decibéis e 56 eventos relacionados as atividades, que ocorreram predominantemente no período diurno . Houve variação de 38,6 a 93,1 decibéis (dB). Em 96,3% do período observado, os níveis de pressão sonora estiveram acima do recomendado. Na comparação entre os períodos, o noturno apresentou menores níveis (p=0,000). Conclusão: os níveis de pressão sonora registrados estão acima do recomendado para um ambiente seguro.
Promoção da saúde à pessoa com diabetes: percepções dos profissionais da atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Bleyer Perla Silveira , Heidemann Ivonete Teresinha Schulter Buss , Durand Michelle Kuntz , Dal Chiavon Susane
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: identificar a percepção dos profissionais de saúde que atuam na atenção primária sobre a promoção da saúde às pessoas com Diabetes. Método: estudo qualitativo, do tipo pesquisa ação, por meio do Itinerário de Pesquisa de Paulo Freire, que compreende três etapas: investigação temática, codificação e descodificação e desvelamento crítico. Realizou-se um círculo de cultura em setembro de 2021 com seis profissionais de saúde de uma Unidade Básica de uma cidade do sul do Brasil. Resultados: os profissionais identificaram que a saúde não é somente ausência da doença, mas envolve os determinantes sociais na vida da pessoa. Relacionam a promoção da saúde com as condições socioeconômicas, estilo de vida e equilíbrio entre ambos. Considerações finais: os profissionais ao identificarem o cuidado com base nos determinantes sociais e a promoção da saúde vislumbraram a construção de um protocolo individual de atendimento com melhoria da qualidade de vida das pessoas com diabetes.
Exploring the Effects of Academic Achievement, Class Engagement, and its Motivations on University Students' Mental Well-being
Authors: Bırni Gaye
Published: December 2023

Education in the modern era expects institutions to help students to thrive. Not only may class engagement improve academic performance, but it may also enhance students' well-being. This study investigated class engagement and its motivation and academic achievements’ effect on university students’ mental well-being. 231 university students, with a mean age of 21.46, participated in this study. About 65% were senior students, and average GPA was 3.46 (SD = 0.32). For measurements, General Class Engagement Scale, Motivations for Class Engagement Scale, and Warwick-Edinburg Mental Well-being Short Form was employed. Academic achievement was measured by GPA. For data analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and regression analyses were conducted. Results show that class engagement, its motivations, academic achievement, and mental well-being were all positively correlated. Moreover, class engagement and its motivations positively predicted mental well-being. However, GPA was non-significant. Hence, in a group of mostly senior university students, class engagement was more significant than academic achievement regarding their mental well-being. Furthermore, about 91% of this study’s participants were honor students (above 3 GPA). Therefore, being academically successful may not always be enough to be happy and well. However, educators may help students by emphasizing class engagement.
Eru vannýtt tækifæri til að draga úr skattsvikum? Spjótum beint að siðferði og persónuleika
Authors: Steinarsdóttir Arna Laufey , Hermannsdóttir Auður
Published: December 2023

Umfang skattsvika er umtalsvert hér á landi. Sé dregið úr slíkum efnahagsglæpum er hægt að auka tekjur hins opinbera töluvert. Markmið rannsóknarinnar var annars vegar að varpa ljósi á hvað kunni að skýra það að sumir samfélagsþegnar eru líklegri en aðrir til að svíkja undan skatti. Í því skyni var bæði einblínt á skattasiðferði og persónuleikaeinkenni einstaklinga. Hins vegar var markmiðið að greina hvaða hópa skattgreiðenda sé fýsilegt að miða aðgerðir að með það að leiðarljósi að draga úr skattsvikum. Í gegnum rafrænt hentugleikaúrtak fengust svör frá 593 einstaklingum sem svöruðu spurningalista þar sem áform um skattsvik, skattasiðferði og persónuleiki var mældur. Niðurstöðurnar sýndu að skattasiðferði hefur veigamesta forspárgildið um það hvort fólk sé líklegt til að svíkja undan skatti. Jafnframt reyndust persónuleikaeinkennin heiðarleiki og auðmýkt annars vegar og siðblinda hins vegar skipta töluverðu máli í þessu sambandi. Niðurstöður klasagreiningar leiddu í ljós að ákjósanlegt sé að skipta skattgreiðendum í þrjá hópa sem nefndir voru heiðvirðu samfélagsþegnarnir, hverfulu samfélagsþegnarnir og refjóttu samfélagsþegnarnir. Hinir heiðvirðu eru mjög ólíklegir til að svíkja undan skatti og hafa hátt skattasiðferði. Það væri því ekki skilvirk nýting á fjármagni að einblína á einstaklinga í þeim hópi. Hinir tveir hóparnir, hinir hverfulu og refjóttu, eru hópar sem ætti markvisst að miða á til að draga úr skattsvikum. Fýsilegast er líklega að setja í forgang aðgerðir sem miða að hinum hverfulu þó jafnframt þurfi að huga að hinum refjóttu. Beita þarf ólíkum aðgerðum til að ná til þessara hópa, líkt og farið er yfir í greininni.
Vitamin D levels and depression in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Putranto Rudi , Adhiatma Kresna , Tarigan Tri Juli Edi , Rumende Cleopas Martin , Shatri Hamzah , Rengganis Iris , Nugroho Pringgodigdo , Rinaldi Ikhwan
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing and commonly accompanied by comorbidities, such as depression. Vitamin D levels have been associated with T2DM and depression although the mechanism is uncertain. This study aimed to compare vitamin D levels between patients with T2DM with and without depression in the Indonesian community, where such research is rare.

METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. The participants who met the inclusion criteria on an outpatient basis were screened for depression using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) questionnaire and then divided into 2 groups: patients with T2DM with (BDI-II ≥14) and without (BDI-II <14) depression. Both groups were examined for vitamin D levels using the ELISA method, and an analysis of the mean difference between both groups was performed.

RESULTS Of 60 patients, 23 (38%) experienced depression. The median vitamin D levels were 21.8 ng/ml (IQR 14.9–26.6) in the depression group and 26.5 ng/ml (IQR 23.96–34.08) in the non-depression group (p = 0.001). After performing multivariate analysis with confounding variables, the adjusted OR of variables (sex, sun exposure score, and body mass index) was 1.123 (95% CI: 1.003–1.259; p = 0.045).

CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in patients with T2DM with depression. Future studies should be carried out to determine the benefits of vitamin D supplementation in patients with T2DM with depression and their pathophysiology.
Introduction: The Life of the Mind in the Early Republic
Authors: Kittelstrom Amy
Published: December 2023

Abstract: This essay introduces the five articles of this issue’s special forum on American intellectual history in the early republic. Including other recent works in the field, the essay evaluates how current scholarship diverges from or corrects the conventional narrative that has centered elite Anglo-Protestant intellectuals from the beginning of the discipline until recently. Defining terms including “America” and “intellectual” is crucial to understanding the various contributions and how they collectively turn away from American exceptionalism, a progressive view of American history, the notion of a collective American mind, and the acceptance of intellectual authority or elite status as indicative of historical value. Indigenous, African American, Catholic, Mexican-American, and Californiana voices reveal American thinkers who were skeptical of Anglo-Protestant premises, had perspectives worth considering, and made contributions to the history of American thought even while historians ignored them. The current generation of scholarship in American intellectual history marks a major revision of the last great disciplinary revision of the field after the rise of the new social history. Yet despite this promise, the institutional deterioration of higher education in the United States imperils the field.
A City Upon Stolen Land: Westward Expansion, Indigenous Intellectuals, and the Origin of Resistance
Authors: Martínez David
Published: December 2023

Abstract: During the first century of American Indian intellectual history, two points of view developed to define this unique community. First, as Indigenous people, each writer represented was concerned about a particular nation, usually their own, e.g. Boudinot and the Cherokee, Apess and the Marshpee. Moreover, they wanted the whites to see their faces, as Cherokee or Marshpee, as opposed to merely "Indians," which were despised in the white imagination. Secondly, as Indigenous Christians, some, like Copway, were ministers, they evoked their version of the Brotherhood of Man idea as a way of getting whites to see Indigenous people as fellow human beings and as rightful citizens of the U.S. In the end, as Vine Deloria J.r once stated stated publicly: "All we've ever wanted from Christians is for them to behave like Christians."
Voices from California: Spanish–Mexican and Indigenous Women’s Interventions on Empire and Manifest Destiny
Authors: Pérez Erika
Published: December 2023

Abstract: This article examines California Spanish-Mexican and Indigenous women’s counternarratives and critiques of U.S. geopolitical conquest in the former Catholic Spanish and Mexican northwest. California women’s testimonios (oral accounts) and written observations in the nineteenth century repudiated the notion that the West under Spanish and Mexican rule had not already undergone imperial projects of cultural civilization and political progress. They questioned the validity of Anglo assertions of cultural superiority, honor, and progress. While their testimonies reveal parallels between Anglo and Spanish-Mexican aims in colonizing California, these women offer unique perspectives of geopolitical conquest in the age of Manifest Destiny and U.S. imperialism. Furthermore, their accounts directly challenge Anglo American women’s hagiographies of U.S. military men’s exploits in California.
Improved resolution in fiber bundle inline holographic microscopy using multiple illumination sources
Authors: Hughes Michael , McCall Callum
Published: December 2023

Recent work has shown that high-quality inline holographic microscopy images can be captured through fiber imaging bundles. Speckle patterns arising from modal interference within the bundle cores can be minimized by use of a partially-coherent optical source such as an LED delivered via a multimode fiber. This allows numerical refocusing of holograms from samples at working distances of up to approximately 1 mm from the fiber bundle before the finite coherence begins to degrade the lateral resolution. However, at short working distances the lateral resolution is limited not by coherence, but by sampling effects due to core-to-core spacing in the bundle. In this article we demonstrate that multiple shifted holograms can be combined to improve the resolution by a factor of two. The shifted holograms can be rapidly acquired by sequentially firing LEDs which are each coupled to their own, mutually offset, illumination fiber. Following a one-time calibration, real-time resolution-enhanced images are created in real-time at an equivalent net frame rate of up to 7.5 Hz. The resolution improvement is demonstrated quantitatively using a resolution target and qualitatively using mounted biological slides. At longer working distances, beyond 0.6 mm, the improvement is reduced as resolution becomes limited by the source spatial and temporal coherence.
Optimized bifocal conic section mirrors for single-wavelength sized focusing
Authors: Li Zhaoyang , Liu Yanqi , Guo Xiaoyang , Leng Yuxin , Li Ruxin
Published: December 2023

Compressing all the energy of a laser pulse into a spatiotemporal focal cube edged by the laser center wavelength will realize the highest intensity of an ultra-intense ultrashort laser facility, which is called as the 3 regime or the 3 laser. Conic sections with two foci that can be used as secondary focusing mirrors to reduce the focal spot size from several wavelengths to one wavelength. We investigate the optimal focusing conditions for ellipse mirrors and propose hyperbola mirrors - another important conic section also with two foci - for single-wavelength sized focusing, which can also produce the same reduced minimum focal spots as ellipse mirrors.
Priority healthcare needs amongst people experiencing homelessness in Dublin, Ireland: A qualitative evaluation of community expert experiences and opinions
Authors: Ingram Carolyn , MacNamara Isobel , Buggy Conor , Perrotta Carla
Published: December 2023

In light of evidence that housing-related disparities in mortality are worsening over time, this study aimed to explore the perspectives of experts working in homeless health and addiction services on priority healthcare needs amongst people experiencing homelessness in Dublin, Ireland, a city facing problematic increases in homelessness. As part of a larger qualitative study, a series of semi-structured interviews were carried out with 19 community experts followed by inductive thematic framework analysis to identify emergent themes and sub-themes relating to priority healthcare needs. At the societal level, community experts identified a need to promote a culture that values health equity. At the policy level, accelerating action in addressing health inequalities was recommended with an emphasis on strategic planning, Housing First, social support options, interagency collaboration, improved data linkage and sharing, and auditing. At the health services level, removing barriers to access will require the provision of more and safer mental health, addiction, women-centred, and general practice services; resolved care pathways in relation to crisis points and multi-morbidity; expanded trauma-informed education and training and hospital-led Inclusion Health programmes; and outreach programmes and peer support for chronic disease management. The voices of people experiencing homelessness, including representatives from specific homeless groups such as migrants, youth, and the elderly, must be thoroughly embedded into health and social service design and delivery to facilitate impactful change.