bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The 30 June 2017 North Sea Earthquake: Location, Characteristics, and Context
Authors: Jerkins Annie E. , Shiddiqi Hasbi Ash , Kværna Tormod , Gibbons Steven J. , Schweitzer Johannes , Ottemöller Lars , Bungum Hilmar
Published: January 2020

The Mw 4.5 southern Viking graben earthquake on 30 June 2017 was one of the largest seismic events in the Norwegian part of the North Sea during the last century. It was well recorded on surrounding broadband seismic stations at regional distances, and it generated high signal-to-noise ratio teleseismic P arrivals at up to 90° with good azimuthal coverage. Here, the teleseismic signals provide a unique opportunity to constrain the event hypocenter. Depth phases are visible globally and indicate a surface reflection in the P-wave coda some 4 s after the initial P arrival, giving a much better depth constraint than regional S-P time differences provide. Moment tensor inversion results in a reverse thrust faulting mechanism. The fit between synthetic and observed surface waves at regional distances is improved by including a sedimentary layer. Synthetic teleseismic waveforms generated based on the moment tensor solution, and a near-source 1D velocity model indicates a depth of 7 km. Correlation detectors using the S-wave coda from the main event were run on almost 30 yr of continuous multichannel seismic data searching for repeating signals. In addition to a magnitude 1.9 aftershock 33 min later, and a few magnitude ∼1 events in the following days, a magnitude 2.5 earthquake on 13 November 2016 was the only event found to match the 30 June 2017 event well. Using double-difference techniques, we find that the two largest events are located within 1 km of the main event. We present a Bayesloc probabilistic multiple event location including the 30 June event and all additional seismic events in the region well recorded on the regional networks. The Bayesloc relocation gave a more consistent seismicity pattern and moved several of the events more toward the west. The results of this study are also discussed within the regional seismotectonic frame of reference.
ON THE INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF CRIMINALISTIC SCIENCE IN THE DIGITAL AGE
Authors: Rossinskaya E. R.
Published: January 2020

The article considers the problems of innovative development of criminalistic science in the context of global digitalization. The unity of criminalistics as a science having its own subject, system, tasks, objects is emphasized. The concept of the theory of the information-computer support criminalistic activities theory is considered. A system of this criminalistic theory has been proposed, including the concept of theory of information-computer support for criminalistic activities; doctrine about computer crime; digital traces as sources of criminalistic significant computer information; on information-computer criminalistic models of types of computer crimes; criminalistic investigation of computer tools and systems; on information-computer criminalistic software for investigative and judicial actions; on information-computer criminalistic support of computer crime investigation techniques; on the digitalization of the system of criminalistic registration, including the reference and information funds of criminalistic and forensic expertise, including the relationship and delineation of the digitalization of criminalistic and forensic expertise; on information and computer criminalistic support of civil and administrative proceedings. The main directions of development for the theory of information-computer support of criminalistic activities and elements of its system are outlined.
ON HYPERACTIVE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW-MAKING
Authors: Belonosov V. O.
Published: January 2020

The article analyzes the changes that have occurred in the criminal procedure legislation in 2018. This article is a logical continuation of a series of articles in which the author makes an annual analysis of the changes made in this branch of law in order to assess the effectiveness of the newly introduced criminal procedure regulation and its characteristics. The properties of hyperactive lawmaking are considered. It is stated that, despite the excessively large number of changes introduced into the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation, it does not get better, and its repressiveness is increasing. It increases the number of flaws, which sometimes even causes some authors to talk about the adoption of a new Criminal Procedure Code. There is disagreement with this position and it is proposed that, if we do not introduce a moratorium on introducing amendments to the Code of Criminal Procedure, then we will drastically reduce them. Changes to the Code of Criminal Procedure should not be made by a conjuncture hyperactive lawmaking, but by a thoughtful, fundamental, integrated approach with preliminary extensive discussion. As a model, it is proposed to consider the Criminal Procedure Code of France, where criminal procedure relations are described more fully and democratically.
PRE-TRIAL PROCEEDINGS: PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Lazareva V. A.
Published: January 2020

The article analyzes the problems and prospects of development of pre-trial proceedings and its place in the criminal procedure system. Almost two decades have passed since the adoption and entry into force of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation a sufficient period to think about the prospects for further development of criminal procedure legislation. The period of comparison with the Criminal Procedure Code of the RSFSR in order to demonstrate the advantages of the new law is completed, and the process of identifying and eliminating its shortcomings seems to be endless. The vast array of changes made to the criminal procedure act had transformed his face, but had they made it more perfect? What next-to continue to reform the criminal justice system, improving its institutions, or time dictates the need to develop a fundamentally different model of criminal proceedings? The article considers the proposals for reforming pre-trial proceedings from the standpoint of the theory of evidence, analyzes the project of introducing the figure of an investigative judge into the criminal process of the Russian Federation, and concludes that there is no alternative to moving in the direction of the development of competitiveness. The differences between the inquiry and the preliminary investigation are so insignificant that they allow us to raise the question of the unification of pre-trial proceedings in cases of crimes requiring preliminary investigation, and the absorption by the pre-investigation check of the current abbreviated form of inquiry in cases in which the investigation is not caused by an objective necessity. As a result in the Russian Federation the concept of judicial proofs data on the circumstances having value for business received in fair (competitive) procedure by the judge from the sources presented by the parties has to be formed.
Exploring long-term youth unemployment in Europe using sequence analysis: a reproducible notebook approach
Authors: Patias Nikos
Published: January 2020

Youth unemployment is a factor influencing European policy. The effects of financial crisis of 2008 in youth unemployment were prominent and varied across European countries and regions. This notebook aims to identify key representative trajectories of youth unemployment by NUTS 2 regions in Europe from 2008 to 2018. Moreover, this notebook provides a self-contained research workflow that is fully reproducible and transparent, using a wide range of functionalities offered by computational notebooks. The results show that there is a divide between northern and southern regions. Northern regions follow stable low youth unemployment levels, while southern regions follow stable high youth unemployment levels. Finally, the results show that there are patterns of regional inequalities between major metropolitan areas and their adjacent regions.
EF-1 alpha is a target site for an inhibitory effect of quercetin in the peptide elongation process.
Authors: Marcinkiewicz C , Gałasiński W , Gindzieński A
Published: January 2020

The effect of quercetin (3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) on the polypeptide elongation system isolated from rat liver cells, was investigated. Quercetin inhibited [14C]leucine incorporation into proteins in vitro and the inhibitory effect is being directed towards the elongation factor eEF-1, but not to eEF-2 and ribosomes. Quercetin was found to form a complex with EF-1 alpha, which was inactive in GTP-dependent binding to ribosomes. It can be suggested that quercetin can block the total or the part of the domain of EF-1 alpha structure that is responsible for formation of the ternary complex EF-1 alpha-GTP-[14C]Phe-tRNA and therefore preventing formation of the quaternary complex with ribosomes.
Purification and characterization of cystatin from duck egg white.
Authors: Warwas M , Gburek J , Osada J , Gołab K
Published: January 2020

It is the second peptidase inhibitor, after ovostatin, which showing the same antipapain activity in egg white in different avian species implies differences in amino-acid sequences. Cystatin from duck egg white was purified by carboxymethylpapain affinity chromatography and size-exclusion HPLC. The purified inhibitor which showed partial identity in the immunodiffusion test with chicken egg white cystatin, had an apparent molecular mass of 9.3 kDa as determined by SDS/PAGE. IEF analysis revealed five molecular forms of pI in the range 7.8-8.4. The obtained cystatin was neither glycosylated nor phosphorylated as it is in the case of chicken cystatin. The determined Ki (0.005 +/- 0.001 nM) was similar to that reported for human and chicken cystatin C.
Faster and cheaper PCR on a standard thermocycler.
Authors: Sobczak K , Kozłowski P , Krzyzosiak W J
Published: January 2020

The PCR conditions have been optimized to make the process faster and more economical. When short DNA fragments are to be amplified, the time of denaturation, annealing and extension steps can be as short as 1 s each, and the yield of PCR product is still high, sufficient for many types of analysis. The PCR can be done even in a reaction volume as low as 1 microliter. The recommended volume, 2.5 microliters or 5 microliters, allows significant savings in the laboratory budget especially for laboratories which use PCR frequently and on a large scale.
Molecular mechanisms of resistance to antifolates, a review.
Authors: Banerjee D , Ercikan-Abali E , Waltham M , Schnieders B , Hochhauser D , Li W W , Fan J , Gorlick R , Goker E , Bertino J R
Published: January 2020

Methotrexate (MTX) is a clinically important antifolate that has been used in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of malignancies including acute lymphocytic leukemia, osteosarcoma, carcinomas of the breast, head and neck, choriocarcinoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The primary target of MTX is the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) which catalyzes the reduction of folate and 7,8-dihydrofolate to 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate. Understanding of MTX action has revealed how cells acquire resistance to this drug. The four known mechanisms of MTX resistance are a decrease in the uptake of the drug, a decrease in the retention of the drug due to defective polyglutamylation or an increase in polyglutamate breakdown, an increase in the enzyme activity and a decrease in the binding of MTX to DHFR. The molecular basis for some of these mechanisms has been elucidated in MTX resistant cell lines; in particular the occurrence of gene amplification resulting in increased DHFR and point mutations resulting in altered DHFR with reduced affinity for MTX. Cloning of the human folylpolyglutamate synthase gene and the reduced folate transport gene have been reported recently and should facilitate the identification of the molecular basis of these resistant phenotypes. DHFR protein has been shown to regulate its synthesis by exerting an inhibitory influence on its own translation. Addition of MTX relieves this inhibition thus providing a possible molecular explanation for the rapid rise in DHFR activity noted in some cells after MTX administration. Alterations in genes involved in regulating the cell cycle such as cyclin D1 and the retinoblastoma (Rb) gene have also been shown to influence cellular response to MTX. Overexpression of cyclin D1 in HT1080, a human fibrosarcoma cell line, results in decreased MTX sensitivity. The molecular basis of this observation is under investigation. Abnormalities in the Rb gene may also have profound effects on MTX sensitivity. Rb interacts with the family of transcription factors called E2F reducing transcription of genes that contain E2F binding sites in the promoter regions e.g. DHFR. When Rb is deleted or rendered nonfunctional levels of "free" or unbound E2F are high resulting in enhanced transcription of genes such as DHFR. This results in increased DHFR protein and may lead to MTX resistance. As the knowledge regarding mechanisms of resistance increases newer approaches to circumvent such resistance or to target resistant cells can be undertaken.
Evolution and resistance expression of MRSA. Evaluation of beta-lactam antibiotics against a set of isogenic strains with different types of phenotypic expression.
Authors: Asada K , Inaba Y , Tateda-Suzuki E , Kuwahara-Arai K , Ito T , Hiramatsu K
Published: January 2020

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has two mechanisms of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics; one is mediated by mecA gene expression, and the other by penicillinase production. It has been generally accepted in the clinical field that beta-lactam antibiotics are not the drugs of choice for MRSA infection. In this report, however, ampicillin and penicillin G were shown to have relatively good activity against MRSA if combined with a beta-lactamase inhibitor, sulbactam. These beta-lactam antibiotics were found to have relatively high binding affinities to PBP2', the mecA-encoded MRSA-specific penicillin-binding protein. The possible therapeutic application of sulbactam/ampicillin against MRSA infection in combination with arbekacin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic newly developed and introduced into clinical use in Japan, is discussed.
Providing Boot-Type Injection Rate Shape by Electric Impulse Control of the Common Rail Injector
Authors: Dunin A.Y. , Shatrov M.G. , Golubkov L.N. , Yakovenko A.L.
Published: January 2020

For effective reduction of noise level and nitrogen oxide content in exhaust fumes of diesel engines, multistage fuel injection is used in combination with control of the front edge shape of the main injection. At the Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), a method of control of the injection rate shape using an electric impulse was proposed, which was applied to the electromagnet of the control valve of the injector of the common rail fuel system. A computational and experimental analysis of the possibility of boot-type injection rate shape was carried out. The studies involved three most used designs of the common rail injector (CRI): CRI 1 featuring a control valve with shut-off cone and piston; CRI 2 consisting of a flat-lock control valve and a needle, which does not overlap the drain when the needle is in the highest position; CRI 3 with an injector that partially overlaps the drain. It was established that friction in the control valve piston and the guide surface pair of CRI 1 complicated the implementation of the boot-type injection rate due to its smoothing. CRI 2 and CRI 3 provide boot-type injection rate at different pressures in the fuel accumulator. The CRI 3 example shows that the instability of fuel supply during boot-type injection rate is comparable with that of fuel pre-injection, which is widely used in the organization of the common rail diesel engines working process.
Infeções Urinárias Causadas por Enterobacteriaceae Produtoras de β-Lactamases de Espetro Expandido Adquiridas na Comunidade num Hospital de Nível III - Um Estudo Retrospetivo
Authors: Simões Ana , Lima Margarida , Brett Ana , Queiroz Carolina , Chaves Catarina , Oliveira Henrique , Januário Luís , Rodrigues Fernanda
Published: January 2020

Introdução: A emergência de bactérias produtoras de β-lactamases de espetro expandido é um problema mundial, com importância crescente nas infeções adquiridas na comunidade, nomeadamente nas infeções urinárias. Os dados pediátricos de utilização de antimicrobianos não carbapenemos nestas infeções são escassos. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a terapêutica antibiótica instituída nas infeções urinárias causadas por estes agentes, assim como a evolução clínica e laboratorial.Material e Métodos: Estudo retrospetivo efetuado num hospital pediátrico entre junho de 2007 e dezembro de 2017. Foram incluídas todas as crianças com urocultura positiva para Enterobacteriaceae produtoras de β-lactamases.Resultados: Foram diagnosticadas 175 infeções urinárias causadas por Enterobacteriaceae produtoras de β-lactamases, das quais 34 (19%) foram adquiridas na comunidade: 25 Escherichia coli (74%), 4 Klebsiella pneumoniae (12%), 4 Proteus mirabilis (12%) e 1 Proteus vulgaris (3%). Em 30 (88%) episódios tratou-se da primeira infeção urinária. Após conhecimento do microrganismo e suas suscetibilidades, 33 (97%) crianças foram reavaliadas e 24 (71%) repetiram urocultura, que foi positiva em três (13%). Em seis (18%) casos foi alterado o antimicrobiano. No mês subsequente, quatro (12%) crianças tiveram nova infeção urinária e 30 (88%) crianças realizaram investigação imagiológica, sem deteção de malformações nefro-urológicas.Discussão: Na última década, cerca de 20% das infeções urinárias causadas por Enterobacteriaceae produtoras de β-lactamases foram adquiridas na comunidade, com um número relativamente estável ao longo dos anos. Estas crianças não apresentavam malformações nefro-urológicas.Conclusão: Embora o número de casos seja pequeno, a evolução clínica e microbiológica mostrou que a maioria foi tratada com sucesso com antimicrobianos não carbapenemos, com baixa ocorrência de novos episódios.
A REPRESENTAÇÃO DA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA NA SÉRIE “AMAZÔNIA SOCIEDADE ANÔNIMA (S/A)”
Authors: Almeida Domingos Alves de , Borges Fábio , Bohórquez Julie Andrea Lemos
Published: January 2020

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a representação da Amazônia brasileira na série “Amazônia Sociedade Anônima (S/A)”, exibida em 2015 pelo programa Fantástico da TV Globo. Na fundamentação teórica recorremos a Benchimol (2009), Borges (2011), Martino (2007) e outros. Utilizamos como metodologia Pesquisa Bibliográfica, Documental e Análise do Discurso (AD) de linha francesa. Aponta-se para uma romantização da Amazônia e para o fato de que os problemas sociais e conflitos derivados das agressões ao meio ambiente, aos povos originários, ribeirinhos, agricultores familiares e quilombolas, na Amazônia, são minimizados, isolados ou tratados como irrelevantes.

 

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Amazônia; Brasil; Série; Fantástico; Discurso.

 

 

ABSTRACT

This work aims to analyze the representation of the Brazilian Amazonia in the series "Amazônia Sociedade Anônima (S/A)", shown in 2015 by TV Globo's Fantástico program. As a theoretical basis, we refer to Benchimol (2009), Borges (2011), Martino (2007) and others. We used as methodology Bibliographical Research, Documentary and Discourse Analysis (AD) of french line. It is pointed to a romanticization of the Amazonia and to the fact that the social problems and conflicts derived from the aggressions to the environment, to the original, riparian, family and quilombola farmers in the Amazonia are minimized, isolated or treated as irrelevant.

 

KEYWORDS: Amazonia; Brazil; Series; Fantástico; Discourse.

 

 

RESUMEN

Este trabajo analiza la representación de la Amazonia brasileña en la serie "Amazonia Sociedade Anónima (S/A)", exhibida en 2015 por el programa Fantástico de la TV Globo. En la fundamentación teórica recurrimos a Benchimol (2009), Borges (2011), Martino (2007) y otros. Utilizamos como metodología la investigación Bibliográfica, Documental y Análisis del Discurso (AD) de línea francesa. Se apunta a una romantización de la Amazonía y al hecho de que los problemas sociales y conflictos derivados de las agresiones al medio ambiente, a los pueblos originarios, ribereños, agricultores familiares y quilombolas en la Amazonia, son minimizados, aislados o tratados como irrelevantes.

 

PALABRAS CLAVE: Amazonia; Brasil; Serie; Fantástico; Discurso.
INFLUÊNCIA MIDIÁTICA NA CONDENAÇÃO POPULAR ANTECIPADA
Authors: Souza Érika , Barbosa Igor Andrade Barbosa , Silva Valdirene Cássia da
Published: January 2020

Este artigo relaciona a mídia social e sua intervenção na opinião do povo brasileiro, especialmente em relação aos casos que causam notória comoção pública. Serão abordadas questões como a liberdade de expressão, a evolução histórica da mídia, o papel social da imprensa e da notícia, bem como, o direito ao esquecimento. Ademais, foi realizada uma análise crítica dos estereótipos midiáticos nas notícias de crimes e sua participação na condenação pública antecipada do acusado e as consequências nas relações processuais penais. A metodologia utilizada foi qualitativa e analítica, tendo a revisão da literatura específica o principal instrumento de coleta de dados. Os resultados aduzem que a obsessão midiática induz à retaliação pública e a limitação dos direitos fundamentais dos protagonistas, apesar do resultado da sentença judicial.
REVISTA TRAVEL IN BRAZIL (1941-42): música, rendas e bonecas artesanais, por Mário de Andrade, Nóbrega da Cunha e Cecília Meireles
Authors: Contatori Romano Luis Antonio , De Souza Gomes Santana Cristyane
Published: January 2020

Este artigo tem o objetivo de estudar a relação entre as imagens e o conteúdo verbal dos textos “Música Brasileira”, “Rendas Artesanais Brasileiras” e “Bonecas Brasileiras”, escritos respectivamente por Mário de Andrade, Nóbrega da Cunha e, provavelmente, Cecília Meireles. Esses textos foram publicados na revista Travel in Brazil, em 1941-1942, que foi editada por Cecília Meireles e financiada pelo Departamento de Imprensa e Propaganda (DIP) do Governo de Vargas, que era responsável por divulgar a cultura brasileira no exterior visando estabelecer um fluxo de turistas estadunidenses para o Brasil. Os três textos remetem a três formas distintas de arte, que são a música, as rendas e as bonecas, mas que juntas valorizam o Brasil como destino turístico.

 

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Artes Brasileiras; Revista Travel in Brazil; Turismo; Cecília Meireles; DIP.

 

 

ABSTRACT

This article aims to study the relations between the images and the verbal content of the texts “Brazilian Music”, “Brazilian Handmade LAce” e “Brazilian Dolls”, written respectively by Mário de Andrade, Nóbrega da Cunha and, probably, Cecília Meireles. These texts were published in magazine Travel in Brazil, in 1941-1942, that was edited by Cecília Meireles and financed by Department of Press and Propaganda (DIP) of the Vargas Government, which was responsible for disseminate the Brazilian culture in the exterior aiming to establish a flow of U. S. tourists to Brazil. The three texts remit to three distinct forms of art that are the music, the lace and the dolls, but together they valorize the Brazil as tourist destination.

 

KEYWORDS: Brazilian Arts; Magazine Travel in Brazil; Tourism; Cecília Meireles; DIP.

 

 

RESUMEN

Este articulo tiene el objetivo de estudiar la relación entre las imágenes y el contenido verbal de los textos “Música Brasileña”, “Encajes Artesanales Brasileños” y “Muñecas Brasileñas”, escritos respectivamente por Mário de Andrade, Nóbrega da Cunha y, probablemente, Cecília Meireles. Estos textos han sido pulicados en la revista Travel in Brazil, en 1941-1942, que fue editada por Cecília Meireles y financiada por el Departamento de Prensa y Propaganda (DIP) del Gobierno de Vargas, que era responsable por divulgar la cultura brasileña en el exterior con el objetivo de establecer un flujo de turistas estadounidenses para el Brasil. Los tres textos se refieren a las tres formas distintas de arte, que son la musica, los encajes y las muñecas, pero que juntas valoran el Brasil como destino turistico.

 

PALABRAS CLAVE: Artes Brasileñas; Revista Travel in Brazil; Turismo; Cecília Meireles; DIP.
ABORDAGEM METODOLÓGICA NO JORNALISMO PÓS-INDUSTRIAL: o uso da netnografia em estudo sobre redação virtual
Authors: Bomfim Ivan , Lucena Larissa Cantuária
Published: January 2020

O presente artigo objetiva analisar a netnografia como método de pesquisa no jornalismo, considerando os estudos a respeito de comunidades e culturas no espaço online. Para tanto, primeiramente, aborda o conceito de humanidades digitais e discute sobre o cenário pós-industrial. Também debate acerca das aproximações e diferenças que permeiam as definições de etnografia e netnografia para, em seguida, elucidar a aplicação metodológica no site amapaense SelesNafes.com. O referido veículo, desde janeiro de 2018, substituiu a redação física e os conteúdos são enviados exclusivamente por meio do grupo no WhatsApp. Espera-se que a investigação contribua com as pesquisas que investiguem as novas adaptações da atividade jornalística.
A PEDAGOGIA DO CORPO MÁQUINA NA TELA DA TV
Authors: Bertolini Jeferson
Published: January 2020

Este artigo apresenta resultados de pesquisa sobre os recursos pedagógicos usados pelo programa Bem Estar, da Rede Globo, para ensinar o público a cuidar no corpo. O texto usa análise de conteúdo. Adota o conceito de biopoder para pensar o corpo no âmbito político, não estético. O manuscrito recorre a técnica interdisciplinar para associar temas das Ciências Humanas à Comunicação Social. Conclui que o discurso do Bem Estar é compatível com o biopoder porque, por meio de técnicas que educam o público ao corpo máquina, ajuda a construir corpos economicamente ativos.
Unveiling the Hidden Rules of Spherical Viruses Using Point Arrays
Authors: Wilson David
Published: January 2020

Since its introduction, the Triangulation number has been the most successful and ubiquitous scheme for classifying spherical viruses. However, despite its many successes, it fails to describe the relative angular orientations of proteins, as well as their radial mass distribution within the capsid. It also fails to provide any insight into critical sites of stability, modifications or possible mutations. We show how classifying spherical viruses using icosahedral point arrays, introduced by Keef and Twarock, unveils new geometric rules and constraints for understanding virus stability and key locations for exterior and interior modifications. We present a modified fitness measure which classifies viruses in an unambiguous and rigorous manner, irrespective of local surface chemistry, steric hinderance, solvent accessibility or triangulation number. We then utilize these point arrays to explain the immutable surface loops of bacteriophage MS2, the relative reactivity of surface lysines in CPMV and the non-quasiequivalent flexibility of the HBV dimers. We explain how using sister and double point arrays can function as predictive tools for site directed modifications in other systems. This success builds on our previous work showing that viruses place their protruding features along the great circles of the asymmetric unit, demonstrating that viruses indeed adhere to these geometric constraints.
Uncertainty Modelling in Risk-averse Supply Chain Systems Using Multi-objective Pareto Optimization
Authors: Banerjee Heerok
Published: January 2020

Risk modelling along with multi-objective optimization problems have been at theepicenter of attention for supply chain managers. In this paper, we introduce a datasetfor risk modelling in sophisticated supply chain networks based on formal mathematical models. We have discussed the methodology and simulation tools used to synthesize the dataset. Additionally, the underlying mathematical models are discussed in granular details along with providing directions to conducting statistical analyses or neural machine learning models. The simulation is performed using MATLAB ™Simulink and the models are illustrated as well.
An Agent-Based Self-Protective Method to Secure Communication between UAVs in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Networks
Authors: Fotohi Reza , Nazemi Eslam
Published: January 2020

UAVNs (unmanned aerial vehicle networks) may become vulnerable to threats and attacks due to their characteristic features such as high mobility, highly dynamic network topology, and open-air wireless environments. Since previous work has focused on classical and metaheuristic-based approaches, none of these approaches have a self-adaptive approach. In this article, we examine the challenges of cyber detection methods to secure UAVNs and review exiting security schemes proposed in the current literature. Furthermore, we propose an agent-based self-protective method (ASP-UAVN) for UAVNs that is based on the Human Immune System (HIS). In ASP-UAS, the safest route from the source UAV to the destination UAV is chosen according to a self-protective system. In this method, a multi-agent system using an Artificial Immune System (AIS) is employed to detect the attacking UAV and choose the safest route. In the proposed ASP-UAVN, the route request packet (RREQ) is initially transmitted from the source UAV to the destination UAV to detect the existing routes. Then, once the route reply packet (RREP) is received, a self-protective method using agents and the knowledge base is employed to choose the safest route and detect the attacking UAVs. The method is evaluated here via extensive simulations carried out in the NS-3 environment. The experimental results of four scenarios demonstrated that the ASP-UAS increases the Packet Delivery Rate (PDR) by more than 17.4, 20.8, and 25.91%, and detection rate by more than 17.2, 23.1, and 29.3%, and decreases the Packet Loss Rate (PLR) by more than 14.4, 16.8, and 20.21%, the false-positive and false-negative rate by more than 16.5, 25.3, and 31.21% those of SUAS-HIS, SFA and BRUIDS methods, respectively.
Флуоресцентные характеристики диатомовой водоросли Cylindrotheca closterium (Ehrenberg) Reimann et Lewin, 1964
Authors: Акимов А. И. , Шоман Н. Ю. , Соломонова Е. С.
Published: January 2020

Исследованы флуоресцентные характеристики диатомовой водоросли Cylindrotheca closterium, предварительно выращиваемой при интенсивности света 17, 200 и 800 мкЭ·м−2·с−1. Показана возможность применения флуоресцентных параметров для экспресс-оценки общего функционального состояния водорослей и для выявления диапазона оптимальных для их роста освещённостей. Параметр Fv/Fm позволяет в экспресс-режиме оценивать функциональное состояние водорослей в условиях их интенсивного культивирования. Показано, что максимальный коэффициент переменной флуоресценции (Fv/Fm) составлял 0,65–0,7 для водорослей, растущих при освещённости 17 и 200 мкЭ·м−2·с−1, и снижался до 0,48–0,57 для водорослей, адаптированных к интенсивности света 800 мкЭ·м−2·с−1. Получены световые зависимости скорости электронного транспорта и фотохимического и нефотохимического тушения флуоресценции хлорофилла, а также значения коэффициента Fv’/Fm’. Эти параметры показывают степень устойчивости водорослей к уровню светового фактора. Показано, что оптимальной для роста C. closterium является насыщающая освещённость около 200 мкЭ·м−2·с−1. Высокие значения флуоресценции на единицу хлорофилла при экстремальной освещённости (800 мкЭ·м−2·с−1) могут указывать на степень инактивации части реакционных центров фотосистемы II.
Gravel-Packing Experiments with Oil-Swelling Rubber Particles
Authors: Ramezanian Mahdi , Emadi Hossein , Wang Hong
Published: January 2020

In oil and gas wells with sand-control completion, during gravel-pack installation and the production life span of the well, void spaces (holidays) might form in gravel packs. These voids provide permeable channels within the pack that allow sand to pass into the wellbore that consequently lowers the pack efficiency. Finding an innovative way to prevent the voids from forming maintains the gravel-pack integrity and preserves its efficiency. This approach could save money by reducing the demand for remedial operations. This paper introduces a modified design for gravel packing with oil-swelling rubber particles. The new pack is composed of gravel- and oil-swelling rubber particles capable of preventing the voids from forming and maintaining pack tightness rather than 100% gravel. Using diesel, a series of experiments was conducted on 100% oil-swelling rubber-particle packs and mixtures of gravel and rubber particles to measure their swelling capacities and permeabilities. Swelling volume and permeability measurements of the rubber particles were conducted to evaluate their capacity to fill the voids and their potential effect(s) on the hydrocarbon flow from the formation to the wellbore. The results show that gravel/rubber-particle packs have promising permeabilities and reasonable expansion potential to fill the voids. Increasing the proportion of the rubber particles in a gravel/rubber particle mixture pack results in a permeability decrease of the pack. Hence, finding an optimum proportion of rubber particles is essential to design a pack that prevents the voids from forming while retaining reasonable permeability.
Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and Approach Bias Modification training (ABM) on food cravings in people taking antipsychotic medication
Authors: Grycuk Luiza , Gordon Gemma , Gaughran Fiona , Campbell Iain C. , Schmidt Ulrike
Published: January 2020

Background

Antipsychotic drug induced weight gain puts individuals with schizophrenia at increased cardiometabolic risk. As a potential intervention for this problem we describe the theoretical background and a protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) of approach bias modification training (ABM) combined with real versus sham (placebo) transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). The primary aim of this trial is to obtain information that will guide decision making and protocol development in relation to a future large-scale RCT of ABM and tDCS in this group of participants. Secondly, the study will assess the preliminary efficacy of [ABM + tDCS] in reducing food cravings in people who take antipsychotic medication.

Methods

Thirty adults with a DSM-V diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder treated with anti-psychotic medication will be randomly allocated to receive 5 sessions that will combine ABM and real or sham tDCS, in a parallel group design. In this feasibility study a broad range of outcome variables will be examined. Measures will include food craving, psychopathology (e.g. symptoms of schizophrenia and depression), neuropsychological processes (such as attentional bias, and impulsiveness) and the tolerability and acceptability of tDCS. The feasibility of conducting a large-scale RCT of [ABM + tDCS] and appropriateness of tDCS as a treatment for antipsychotic drug induced weight gain will be evaluated by assessment of recruitment and retention rates, acceptability of random allocation, blinding success (allocation concealment), completion of treatment sessions and research assessments (baseline, post-treatment and follow-up).

Discussion

The effect sizes generated and other findings from this trial will inform a future large-scale RCT with respect to decisions on primary outcome measures and other aspects of protocol development. In addition, results from this study will provide a preliminary indication of the efficacy of [ABM + tDCS] treatment for antipsychotic drug induced weight gain.
Phytochemical and comparative transcriptome analyses reveal different regulatory mechanisms in the terpenoid biosynthesis pathways between Matricaria recutita L. and Chamaemelum nobile L.
Authors: Author) yuling tai(Former Corresponding , Hou Xiaojuan , Liu Chun , Sun Jiameng , Guo Chunxiao , Su Ling , Jiang Wei , Ling Chengcheng , Wang Chengxiang , Wang Huanhuan , Pan Guifang , Si Xiongyuan , Author) Yi Yuan(New Corresponding
Published: January 2020

Background: Matricaria recutita (German chamomile) and Chamaemelum nobile (Roman chamomile) belong to the botanical family Asteraceae. These two herbs are not only morphologically distinguishable, but their secondary metabolites – especially the essential oils present in flowers are also different, especially the terpenoids. The aim of this project was to preliminarily identify regulatory mechanisms in the terpenoid biosynthetic pathways that differ between German and Roman chamomile by performing comparative transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses. Results: We determined the content of essential oils in disk florets and ray florets in these two chamomile species, and found that the terpenoid content in flowers of German chamomile is greater than that of Roman chamomile. In addition, a comparative RNA-seq analysis of German and Roman chamomile showed that 54% of genes shared >75% sequence identity between the two species. In particular, more highly expressed DEGs (differentially expressed genes) and TF (transcription factor) genes, different regulation of CYPs (cytochrome P450 enzymes), and rapid evolution of downstream genes in the terpenoid biosynthetic pathway of German chamomile could be the main reasons to explain the differences in the types and levels of terpenoid compounds in these two species. In addition, a phylogenetic tree constructed from single copy genes showed that German chamomile and Roman chamomile are closely related to Chrysanthemum nankingense.Conclusion: This work provides the first insights into terpenoid biosynthesis in two species of chamomile. The candidate unigenes related to terpenoid biosynthesis will be important in molecular breeding approaches to modulate the essential oil composition of Matricaria recutita and Chamaemelum nobile.
Qualitative investigation of the factors that generate ambivalent feelings in women who give birth after receiving negative results from non-invasive prenatal testing
Authors: Yotsumoto Junko , Sekizawa Akihiko , Inoue Satomi , Suzumori Nobuhiro , Samura Osamu , Yamada Takahiro , Miura Kiyonori , Masuzaki Hideaki , Sawai Hideaki , Murotsuki Jun , Hamanoue Haruka , Kamei Yoshimasa , Endo Toshiaki , Fukushima Akimune , Katagiri Yukiko , Takeshita Naoki , Ogawa Masaki , Nishizawa Haruki , Okamoto Yoko , Tairaku Shinya , Kaji Takashi , Maeda Kazuhisa , Matsubara Keiichi , Ogawa Masanobu , Osada Hisao , Ohba Takashi , Kawano Yukie , Sasaki Aiko , Sago Haruhiko
Published: January 2020

Background: Women who receive negative results from non-invasive prenatal genetic testing (NIPT) may find that they later have mixed or ambivalent feelings, for example, feelings of accepting NIPT and regretting undergoing the test. This study aimed to investigate the factors generating ambivalent feelings among women who gave birth after having received negative results from NIPT. Methods: A questionnaire was sent to women who received a negative NIPT result, and a contents analysis was conducted focusing on ambivalent expressions for those 1562 women who responded the questionnaire. The qualitative data gathered from the questionnaire were analyzed using the N-Vivo software package. Results: Environmental factors, genetic counseling-related factors, and increased anticipatory anxiety, affected the feeling of ambivalence among pregnant women. Furthermore, pregnant women desired more information regarding the detailed prognosis for individuals with Down syndrome and living with them and/or termination, assuming the possibility that they were positive. Conclusions: Three major interrelated factors affected the feeling of ambivalence in women. High-lighting and discussing such factors during genetic counseling may resolve some of these ambivalences, thereby enhancing the quality of decisions made by pregnant women.
Risk factor and Outcomes of Diabetic Foot Ulcer among Diabetes Mellitus Patients Admitted to Nekemte Referral Hospital, Western Ethiopia:Prospective cohort study
Authors: Bekele Firomsa , Chelkeba Legese , Fekadu Ginenus , Bekele Kumera
Published: January 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square
A concept analysis of children with complex health conditions: implications for research and practice
Authors: Azar Rima , Doucet Shelley , Horsman Amanda Rose , Charlton Patricia , Luke Alison , Nagel Daniel A , Hyndman Nicky , Montelpare William J.
Published: January 2020

PURPOSE: This concept analysis aimed to clarify the meaning of “children with complex health conditions” and endorse a definition to inform future research, policy, and practice. METHODS: Using Walker and Avant’s (2011)’s approach, we refined the search strategy with input from our team, including family representatives. We reviewed the published and grey literature. We also interviewed 84 health, social, and educational stakeholders involved in the care of children with complex health conditions about their use/understanding of the concept. RESULTS: We provided model, borderline, related, and contrary cases for clarification purposes. We identified defining attributes that nuance the concept: (1) conditions and needs’ breadth; (2) uniqueness of each child/condition; (3) varying extent of severity over time; 4) developmental age; and (5) uniqueness of each family/context. Antecedents were chronic physical, mental, developmental, and/or behavioural condition(s). There were individual, family, and system consequences, including fragmented services. CONCLUSIONS: Building on previous definitions, we proposed an iteration that acknowledges the conditions’ changing trajectories as involving one or more chronic condition(s), regardless of type(s), whose trajectories can change over time, requiring services across sectors/settings, oftentimes resulting in a lower quality of life. A strength of this paper is the integration of the stakeholders’/family’s voices into the development of the definition.
Pregnancy outcomes of dichorionic triamniotic triplet pregnancies after in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer : multifoetal pregnancy reduction versus expectant management
Authors: Cai Pei , Ouyang Yan , Gong Fei , Li Xihong
Published: January 2020

Background: Trichorionic triplet pregnancy reduction to twin pregnancy is associated with a lower risk of preterm delivery but not with a lower risk of miscarriage. However, data on dichorionic triamniotic (DCTA) triplet pregnancy outcomes are lacking. This study aimed to compare the pregnancy outcomes of DCTA triplets conceived via in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) managed expectantly or reduced to a monochorionic (MC) singleton or monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twins at 11-13 +6 gestational weeks. Method s : Two hundred ninety-eight patients with DCTA triplets conceived via IVF-ET between 2012 and 2016 were retrospectively analysed. DCTA triplets with three live foetuses were reduced to a MC singleton (group A) or MCDA twins (group B) or underwent expectant management (group C). Each multifoetal pregnancy reduction (MFPR) was performed at 11-13 +6 gestational weeks. Pregnancy outcomes in the 3 groups were compared. Results: Eighty-four DCTA pregnancies were reduced to MC singleton pregnancies, 149 were reduced to MCDA pregnancies, and 65 were managed expectantly. There were no significant differences among groups A, B, and C in miscarriage rate (8.3 vs. 7.4 vs. 10.8%, respectively) and live birth rate (90.5 vs. 85.2 vs. 83.1%, respectively) (P > 0.05). Group A had significantly lower rates of preterm birth (8.3 vs. 84.6%; odds ratio (OR) 0.017, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.006-0.046) and low birth weight (LBW; 9.2 vs. 93.2%; OR 0.007, 95% CI 0.003-0.020) than group C (P < 0.001). Group B had significantly lower preterm birth (47.0 vs. 84.6%; OR 0.161, 95% CI 0.076-0.340) and LBW rates (58.7 vs. 93.2%; OR 0.103, 95% CI 0.053-0.200) than group C (P < 0.001). Group A had significantly lower preterm birth (8.3 vs. 47.0%; OR 0.103, 95% CI 0.044-0.237; P < 0.001), LBW (9.2 vs. 58.7%; OR 0.071, 95% CI 0.032-0.162; P < 0.001) and perinatal death rates (1.3 vs. 9.1%; OR 0.132, 95% CI 0.018-0.991; P = 0.021) than group B. Conclusion: The MFPR of DCTA triplets to singleton or MCDA pregnancies was associated with better pregnancy outcomes compared to expectant management. DCTA triplets reduced to singleton pregnancies had better perinatal outcomes than DCTA triplets reduced to MCDA pregnancies.
Better pulmonary function is associated with greater handgrip strength in a healthy Chinese Han population
Authors: Chen Liangmei , Liu Xiaomin , Wang Qian , Jia Linpei , Song Kangkang , Nie Sasa , Zhang Yinping , Cao Dan , Zhao Delong , Li Zuoxiang , Dong Zheyi , Zheng Ying , Duan Shuwei , Sun Xuefeng , Feng Zhe , Cai Guangyan , Zhang Weiguang , Chen Xiangmei
Published: January 2020

Background: Handgrip strength (HGS) has been widely studied in clinical and epidemiological settings, but the relationship between HGS and pulmonary function is still controversial. This study analyzed pulmonary function and HGS stratified by sex and age in a healthy Chinese Han population, as well as the associations between HGS and pulmonary function parameters. Methods: HGS was measured by a Jamar dynamometer and pulmonary function was tested using a portable spirometer. Frequencies and variables are presented as percentages and means ± standard deviations, respectively. Chi-square tests were used for comparisons of categorical variables, and Student’s t-tests or Mann–Whitney U-tests were used for continuous variables. Pearson correlation and multivariate linear regression models were employed to explore the relationships between HGS and parameters of pulmonary function. The statistical significance was set at p <0.01. Results: Cross-sectional data were available for 1519 subjects (59.0% females, 57.9±13.1 years old). Males had higher average HGS than females (40.2 vs 25.0 kg, p <0.01 ), as well as better pulmonary function. Both HGS and pulmonary function parameters were significantly inversely correlated with age (r=-0.30, p < 0.01). Maximum value of vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 3 second and forced vital capacity were strongly correlated with HGS among the pulmonary function indices (r=0.72, 0.70 and 0.69, respectively, p <0.001). In multivariate linear regression analysis, HGS and height were positively correlated, while age and pulse pressure were negatively correlated with HGS. Conclusions: Both pulmonary function and HGS were inversely correlated with age, and better pulmonary function was associated with greater handgrip strength.
Acceptability and practicability of self-management for patients with Parkinson's disease based on smartphone applications in China
Authors: Hu Jie , Yuan Dezhi , Zhao Qiuye , Wang Xuefei , Zhang Xiaotian , Jiang Qihui , Luo Huirong , Li Jing , Ran Jianhua , Li Jinfang
Published: January 2020

Background China has had about 1.2 billion mobile-phone users, and this number continues to grow. However, mobile-health services (mHealth) are currently in the initial stage, and have not yet prevailed in China. Additionally, the prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) in China is 1700/100,000 (≥65 years). Indeed, these PD patients would benefit from mHealth to manage their disease. Therefore, we designed a study to determine attitudes toward smartphone applications (apps) for chronic condition self-management, and to discover the practicality of these apps among PD patients in China. Methods We selected 204 participants with PD between 52 and 87 years old and surveyed their attitudes concerning the use of smartphone apps for chronic condition management via questionnaires. Results Among the participants, 65.19％ had smartphones. Among these smartphone users, 82.84％ expressed a preference for using apps for PD management. This group tended to be younger and more frequent web users with higher education and better medication compliance, and they tended to have a longer PD course and worse conditions ( P < 0.001, P = 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.041, P < 0.001, P = 0.013.) Additionally, the willingness to apply apps for PD self-management was positively related to education ( P < 0.001) and negatively related to age and PD course ( P = 0.017, P < 0.001). Conclusion In China, patients with PD have a generally positive attitude towards self-management through smartphone apps. Consequently, improving the coverage of smartphones with practical and handy apps is a promising strategy for PD self-management.