bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sentinel-5P TROPOMI NO2 retrieval: impact of version v2.2 improvements and comparisons with OMI and ground-based data
Authors: van Geffen Jos , Eskes Henk , Compernolle Steven , Pinardi Gaia , Verhoelst Tijl , Lambert Jean-Christopher , Sneep Maarten , ter Linden Mark , Ludewig Antje , Boersma K. Folkert , Veefkind J. Pepijn
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is one of the main data products measured by the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) on the Sentinel-5 Precursor
(S5P) satellite, which combines a high signal-to-noise ratio with daily
global coverage and high spatial resolution.
TROPOMI provides a valuable source of information to monitor
emissions from local sources such as power plants, industry, cities,
traffic and ships, and variability of these sources in time.
Validation exercises of NO2 v1.2–v1.3 data, however, have revealed that TROPOMI's tropospheric vertical column densities (VCDs) are too low by up to 50 % over highly polluted areas. These findings are mainly attributed to biases in the cloud pressure
retrieval, the surface albedo climatology and the low resolution of the
a priori profiles derived from global simulations of the TM5-MP chemistry
model. This study describes improvements in the TROPOMI NO2 retrieval
leading to version v2.2, operational since 1 July 2021.
Compared to v1.x, the main changes are the following. (1) The NO2-v2.2 data are based on version-2 level-1b (ir)radiance spectra with improved calibration, which results in a small and fairly
homogeneous increase in the NO2 slant columns of 3 % to 4 %, most of which ends up as a small increase in the stratospheric columns. (2) The cloud pressures are derived with a new version of the FRESCO cloud
retrieval already introduced in NO2-v1.4, which led to a lowering of the cloud pressure, resulting in larger tropospheric NO2 columns
over polluted scenes with a small but non-zero cloud coverage. (3) For cloud-free scenes a surface albedo correction is introduced based on the observed reflectance, which also leads to a general increase in the
tropospheric NO2 columns over polluted scenes of order 15 %. (4) An outlier removal was implemented in the spectral fit, which increases
the number of good-quality retrievals over the South Atlantic Anomaly region and over bright clouds where saturation may occur. (5) Snow/ice information is now obtained from ECMWF weather data, increasing the number of valid retrievals at high latitudes. On average the NO2-v2.2 data have tropospheric VCDs that are between 10 % and 40 % larger than the v1.x data, depending on the level of pollution and season; the largest impact is found at mid and high latitudes in wintertime.
This has brought these tropospheric NO2 closer to Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) observations. Ground-based validation shows on average an improvement of the negative bias of the stratospheric (from −6 % to −3 %), tropospheric (from −32 % to −23 %) and total (from −12 % to −5 %) columns.
For individual measurement stations, however, the picture is more
complex, in particular for the tropospheric and total columns.
Intersecting Near-Real Time Fluvial and Pluvial Inundation Estimates with Sociodemographic Vulnerability to Quantify a Household Flood Impact Index
Authors: Preisser Matthew , Passalacqua Paola , Bixler R. Patrick , Hofmann Julian
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Increased interest in combining compound flood hazards and social vulnerability has driven recent advances in flood impact mapping. However, current methods to estimate event specific compound flooding at the household level require high-performance computing resources frequently not available to local stakeholders. Government and non-government agencies currently lack methods to repeatedly and rapidly create flood impact maps that incorporate local variability of both hazards and social vulnerability. We address this gap by developing a methodology to estimate a flood impact index at the household level in near-real time, utilizing high resolution elevation data to approximate event specific inundation from both pluvial and fluvial sources in conjunction with a social vulnerability index. Our analysis uses the 2015 Memorial Day flood in Austin, Texas as a case study and proof of concept for our methodology. We show that 37 % of the Census Block Groups in the study area experience flooding from only pluvial sources and are not identified in local or national flood hazard maps as being at risk. Furthermore, averaging hazard estimates to cartographic boundaries masks household variability, with 60 % of the Census Block Groups in the study area having a coefficient of variation around the mean flood depth exceeding 50 %. Comparing our pluvial flooding estimates to a 2D physics-based model, we classify household impact accurately for 92 % of households. Our methodology can be used as a tool to create household compound flood impact maps to provide computationally efficient information to local stakeholders.
CO2 surface variability: from the stratosphere or not?
Authors: Prather Michael J.
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Fluctuations in atmospheric CO2 can be measured with
great precision and are used to identify human-driven sources as well as
natural cycles of ocean and land carbon. One source of variability is the
stratosphere, where the influx of aged CO2-depleted air can produce fluctuations at the surface. This process has been speculated to be a potential source of interannual variability (IAV) in CO2 that might obscure the quantification of other sources of IAV. Given the recent success in demonstrating that the stratospheric influx of N2O- and chlorofluorocarbon-depleted air is a dominant source of their surface IAV in the Southern Hemisphere, I apply the same model and measurement analysis here to CO2. Using chemistry-transport modeling or scaling of the observed N2O variability, I find that the stratosphere-driven surface variability in CO2 is at most 10 % of the observed IAV and is not an important source. Diagnosing the amplitude of the CO2 annual cycle and its increase from 1985 to 2021 through the annual variance gives rates similar to traditional methods in the Northern Hemisphere (BRW, MLO) but can identify the emergence of small trends (0.08 ppm per decade) in the Southern Hemisphere (SMO, CGO).
Estimating leaf moisture content at global scale from passive microwave satellite observations of vegetation optical depth
Authors: Forkel Matthias , Schmidt Luisa , Zotta Ruxandra-Maria , Dorigo Wouter , Yebra Marta
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The moisture content of vegetation canopies controls various ecosystem processes such as plant productivity, transpiration, mortality and flammability. Leaf moisture content (here defined as the ratio of leaf water mass to leaf dry biomass, or live-fuel moisture content, LFMC) is a vegetation property that is frequently used to estimate flammability and the danger of fire occurrence and spread and is widely measured at field sites around the globe. LFMC can be retrieved from satellite observations in the visible and infrared domain of the electromagnetic spectrum, which is however hampered by frequent cloud cover or low sun elevation angles. As an alternative, vegetation water content can be estimated from satellite observations in the microwave domain. For example, studies at local and regional scales have demonstrated the link between LFMC and vegetation optical depth (VOD) from passive microwave satellite observations. VOD describes the attenuation of microwaves in the vegetation layer. However, neither were the relations between VOD and LFMC investigated at large or global scales nor has VOD been used to estimate LFMC. Here we aim to estimate LFMC from VOD at large scales, i.e. at coarse spatial resolution, globally, and at daily time steps over decadal time series. Therefore, our objectives are 1) to investigate the relation between VOD from different frequencies and LFMC derived from optical sensors and a global database of LFMC site measurements; 2) to test different model structures to estimate LFMC from VOD; and 3) to apply the best-performing model to estimate LFMC at global scales. Our results show that VOD is medium to highly correlated with LFMC in areas with medium to high coverage of short vegetation (grasslands, croplands, shrublands). Forested areas show on average weak correlations but the variability in correlations is high. A logistic regression model that uses VOD and additionally leaf area index as predictor to account for canopy biomass reaches the highest performance. Applying this model to global VOD and LAI observations allows estimating LFMC globally over decadal time series at daily temporal sampling. The derived estimates of LFMC can be used to assess large-scale patterns and temporal changes in vegetation water status and fire dynamics.
Brief communication: Tritium concentration and age of firn accumulation in ice caves of Mt. Olympos (Greece)
Authors: Lazaridis Georgios , Stamoulis Konstantinos , Dora Despina , Kalogeropoulos Iraklis , Trimmis Konstantinos Prokopis
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Firn from an ice cave in the highest mountain of Greece, Mt. Olympos, was sampled and analysed to determine the tritium content in order to estimate rates of accumulation and to date the ice plug. The presence of a sharp raise of tritium content because of the nuclear testing era was expected to be preserved into ice beds. This peak did not appear in the analysed samples providing an age estimation of less than 50 years. It is suggested that the rate of melting is responsible for the absence of older firn layers.
Tropical influence on heat-generating atmospheric circulation over Australia strengthens through spring
Authors: McKay Roseanna C. , Arblaster Julie M. , Hope Pandora
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Extreme maximum temperatures during Australian spring can have deleterious
impacts on a range of sectors from health to wine grapes to planning for
wildfires but are studied relatively little compared to spring rainfall.
Spring maximum temperatures in Australia have been rising over recent
decades, and it is important to understand how Australian spring maximum
temperatures develop in the present and warming climate. Australia's climate
is influenced by variability in the tropics and extratropics, but some of
this influence impacts Australia differently from winter to summer and,
consequently, may have different impacts on Australia as spring evolves.
Using linear regression analysis, this paper explores the atmospheric
dynamics and remote drivers of high maximum temperatures over the individual
months of spring. We find that the drivers of early spring maximum
temperatures in Australia are more closely related to low-level wind
changes, which in turn are more related to the Southern Annular Mode than
variability in the tropics. By late spring, Australia's maximum temperatures
are proportionally more related to warming through subsidence than low-level
wind changes and more closely related to tropical variability. This
increased relationship with the tropical variability is linked with the
breakdown of the subtropical jet through spring and an associated change in
tropically forced Rossby wave teleconnections. An improved understanding of
how the extratropics and tropics project onto the mechanisms that drive high
maximum temperatures through spring may lead to improved sub-seasonal
prediction of high temperatures in the future.
Employment of new technical platforms for interactively visualizing statistical methods and statistical data
Authors:   FernUniversitaet in Hagen, Günster Mirco , Mittag Hans-Joachim ,   FernUniversitaet in Hagen, Wallenborn Benjamin ,   FernUniversitaet in Hagen
Published: April 2022

For a long time, classical media for learning and teaching, such as textbooks and teacher-centred instruction, have been complemented by e-learning components and virtual campus systems. Smartphones and tablets have impressive functionality, and are becoming ubiquitous. There is an urgent need to create resources that will run on these platforms, so that educators are providing resources that run on the tools that students actually use. This paper illustrates how an extended media mix can broaden the scope of statistics and further education. Two complementary approaches are described. The first approach is tailor- made for desktop applications (repository containing interactive Java) whereas the second one is fully platform-independent (statistics app containing interactive learning objects based on HTLM5, CSS3 and JavaScript). The layout of the learning objects belonging to the statistics app is automatically adapted to the size of the viewing environment (responsive web design). The output of both approaches can be embedded in different educational settings, for example as a complement to face-to-face-lecturing or as a supplement to printed textbooks.
Students’ experience of becoming a statistical consultant
Authors:   Macquarie University, Bilgin Ayse , Petocz Peter ,   Macquarie University
Published: April 2022

Developments in computer software have made it easier to carry out statistical procedures, leading to a widespread use of statistical outputs in many fields. However, the need for statisticians, and statistical consultants in particular, has also increased, since the numbers and graphs that can be easily obtained from packages need to be interpreted into meaningful information. We can help statistics students to develop the required professionalism by giving them opportunities to work as statistical consultants while they are still studying: we were able to do just this in two recent offerings of a final-year ‘capstone’ unit of study. As part of their summative assessment, students wrote reflections on the process of applying their previous learning to a range of research and consulting problems. In this paper, we use these reflections to discuss students’ experience of becoming (and being) a statistical consultant.
Statistical literacy hatching
Authors:   National Institute of Statistics and Geography, Ruiz Leticia
Published: April 2022

In Mexico there are 22 million children and teenagers around 6 and 15 years old, who represent 29% of its population. The National Institute of Statistics and Geography in Mexico (INEGI) is looking forward to increase the use of statistic and geographic data in all society sectors. To achieve this goal, specially in people in the referred age, INEGI has established an agreement with the Ministry of Education, in charge of National Education for elementary and high school students, in order to include statistical and geographical information in all the available channels as text books, computer programs and videos. At the same time, INEGI offers a dedicated section in the institutional INEGI website. To close the circle, INEGI together with Aguascalientes’ Universty, developed a Statistical course, made specifically for elementary school teachers, to teach them on the large variety of information INEGI produces and how to link it with their syllabus.
Food Security and Livestock Linkages in Three Major Livestock Husbandry Districts of Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Arif Bilal , Malik Arshad Mahmood
Published: April 2022

The basic intention of the current study is to explore the association between livestock husbandry and domestic food security (accessibility) of small farmers in three major districts of province Punjab Pakistan, namely Gujranwala, Narowal and Hafiz Abad, using primary data of 180 respondents collected using structured questionnaire through proportionate stratified random sampling. Livestock is an essential contributor and supplier to the food and nutritional security and works as a vital source of employment and occupation. Livestock has a substantial role in employment generation, cash income generation, a decline of poverty and food safety in rural areas of overall Pakistan and the districts under study. To measure the effectiveness of livestock ownership on rural food security in three major districts of Punjab, Pakistan, the OLS regression model has been utilized along with dependent variable of food security (accessibility) and independent variables of family size, income comes from livestock, education of the head and a total number of earners. The outcomes of this study reveal that independent variables, i.e., incomes from livestock, a total number of earners, education and family size, have a significant positive relationship with the dependent variable of food security (accessibility), which means improvement in all the explanatory variables is a quite helpful tool to boost the food security situation of the area under discussion.
PERANAN EKSPOR KE BEBERAPA NEGARA ASIA, EROPAH DAN AMERIKA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI
Authors: Suluh Siang I
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh nilai ekspor ke beberapa negara di Asia, Eropa dan Amerika secara parsial dan simultan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Metode penelitian adalah penelitian explanatory, berdasarkan hasil analisis Regresi Linier Berganda model Semi Logaritma atau Lin-Log, hasil analisisnya Nilai Ekspor ke Singapura, China/China, Jerman dan Amerika Serikat secara parsial memiliki pengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Sedangkan nilai ekspor negara Jepang secara parsial tidak berpengaruh dan negatif terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Nilai Ekspor ke Jepang, Malaysia, Singapura, China/China, Jerman dan Amerika Serikat secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah
PENGARUH EKSPOR, PENGELUARAN PEMERINTAH DAN INFLASI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI KALIMANTAN TENGAH
Authors: Safitri Desy
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana pengaruh secara parsial dan simultan dari komponen Ekspor, Pengeluaran Pemerintah dan Inflasi terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan Deskriptif-Kuantitaif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data time series tahun 2010-2019 dalam periode kuartal di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan Regresi Linier Berganda, software yang digunakan adalah Eviews versi 9. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial Ekspor berpengaruh negatif dan tidak siginifikan terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi. Pengeluaran Pemerintah secara parsial berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi. Inflasi secara parsial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi. Serta secara keseluruhan Ekspor, Pengeluaran Pemerintah, dan Inflasi secara simultan tidak berpengaruh terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi
An Overview of Three Online Career Assessment Tools
Authors: Hughes Amanda
Published: April 2022

Exploring careers and deciding on a career path can be an intimidating activity. With
over 12,000 careers available to choose from, information can become overwhelming
(Robinson, n.d.). Career assessment and counseling services can assist with accurately
evaluating an individual’s interests, skills, work values, and temperaments in order to
appropriately plan a long-term career pathway. There are many online tools available to
the general public to help with this process of information gathering, personal career
exploration, and self-discovery. The Career Index Plus, O*NET Online, and
EducationPlanner are three specific online resources that can be beneficial to use when
delivering career assessment and counseling services. In reviewing these resources,
conclusions can be drawn about the strengths and weaknesses of these tools, as well as
accessibility considerations and their application to career counseling.
VECAP Code of Professional Ethics, Revised December 2020
Authors:   VECAP Standards Committee
Published: April 2022

The Vocational Evaluation & Career Assessment Professionals (VECAP) Standards
Committee is excited to announce the release of the revised VECAP Code of Ethics.
VECAP’s revised Code of Ethics offers guidelines for ethical decision making, captures
the ethos of the organization, and provides useful guidance for our members.
In the midst of uncertain times, ethical decision making has never been more in the
professional forefront. Ethical behavior is vital to practitioners’ success, the lives of the
clients we serve, and the continued evolution of a responsible organization. This Code of
Ethics emphasizes VECAP’s mission, values and principles, and is intended to remind
professionals of the standard of conduct they must observe. The goal is for professionals
to use VECAP’s Code of Ethics as a reference tool, when considering an ethical dilemma
and navigating recent trends in vocational evaluation and career assessment. VECAP
has always committed itself to making ethics a priority, and challenges all professionals
to do the same by using this document as a standard for ethical conduct.
This code has been developed by the VECAP Standards Committee, with support, edits
and ideas from members of the VECAP Board of Directors. We welcome your thoughts
and comments about the current Code.
2016 Cracking the Egg Potential During Pregnancy and Lactation
Authors: Lutter Chessa , Iannotti Lora L. , Stewart Christine P
Published: April 2022

It should not be surprising that a simple egg, which provides a chicken embryo nutritive support from conception to the time it hatches, might also be an important food to support fetal growth and development during pregnancy. Eggs have great potential to improve nutrition among vulnerable populations living in resource-poor settings. They provide a nearly complete source of protein and are also an important source of essential fatty acids, choline, vitamins A and B12, selenium, and other critical nutrients. At the same time, compared to other animal-source foods, they cost less and are available and valued as a food in virtually all parts of the world.
Perspective from 2021 Eggs during Pregnancy and Lactation and Beyond: What have we learned in the past 5 years?
Authors: Lutter Chessa , Iannotti Lora L , Stewart Christine P
Published: April 2022

In the 5 years since our article ‘Cracking the egg potential during pregnancy and lactation’ was published, the recognition that eggs likely provide critical nutrients during pregnancy and lactation for newborn and child health and neurodevelopment, and also that they can contribute to reducing poverty and supporting sustainable food systems has continued to grow. Eggs are rich in choline and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), two nutrients hypothesized to have favorable effects on birth outcomes as well as on child growth, morbidity, inflammation, and neurodevelopment. They contain high levels of several other nutrients and vitamins, including lutein and other carotenoids, and vitamins E, D, and B12, and folate; they are also rich in selenium and iodine. In as much as pregnant and lactating women have higher protein and other nutrient requirements compared with nonpregnant women, eggs are an ideal food to consume during this time. Nonetheless, because they are expensive relative to other sources of energy, consumption is low among women.
THE PRICE OF SUNFLOWER SEEDS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION (2016 - 2018)
Authors:   University of Craiova, Faculty of Agronomy, PÂNZARU RADU LUCIAN , MEDELETE DRAGOȘ ,   University of Craiova, Faculty of Agronomy
Published: April 2022

Through its content, the paper aims to present the evolution of the price for sunflower seeds, for the component states of the European Union. The analysed time interval is 2016-2018, so that the short-term price evolution can be observed. The price must be analysed in the context of the conditions for the practice of this crop, for the 28 Member States of the European Union, in the light of the differences in the degree of development, capitalization and subsidization of agricultural production. The selling price registered a national multiannual average of 357.03 $/t, with extreme values of 280.90 $/t for Austria (2018) and 433.90 $/t for Portugal (2017), and the total amplitude of variation registered a level of 153 $/t. Regarding the annual amplitudes of variation of the indicator, they were 102.10 $/t in 2016, 113.90 $/t in 2017, 139.50 $/t for 2018 and 110.73 $/t for the average of the period.
USE OF ESSENTIAL OILS AS GREEN BIOPESTICIDES
Authors:   University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Biotechnologies / Romania, STAN TUDORA CĂTĂLINA , MUSCALU ADRIANA ,   INMA, Bucharest, Romania, BOIU-SICUIA OANA ,   INMA Bucharest, BURNICHI FLOAREA ,   Vegetable Research and Development Station Buzau / Romania, VLĂDUȚ VALENTIN ,   INMA Bucharest
Published: April 2022

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the application of herbal products, especially essential oils (EOs) in agriculture, as an alternative to the use of synthetic pesticides, for healthy crops and environmentally sustainable production systems. This was the main reason why the properties of EOs as natural pesticides for their promotion and use in organic farming were evaluated. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) defines biopesticide as a safer product, with a lower persistence in the environment, biodegradable, less toxic to non-target organisms, less likely to contaminate soil and groundwater. Many EOs obtained from medicinal plants have a wide range of activities against harmful insects, bacteria and phytopathogenic fungi, weeds. Their action varies from insecticidal activities, repellents, antifeedants, growth regulation, etc. This review presents the most effective biopesticides based on EOs obtained from medicinal plants and the future development prospects of this industry.
CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING FISH FARMING IN POLYCULTURE SYSTEM
Authors:   INMA, Bucharest, Romania, STANCIU MADALINA , NENCIU FLORIN ,   INMA, Bucharest, Romania, MATEI GHEORGHE ,   University of Craiova, Faculty of Agronomy
Published: April 2022

Marine aquaculture is becoming more widely recognized as a viable alternative to fishing for supplying high-quality protein to the world's rising population. Capture fisheries output is falling short of global demand, and yearly seafood consumption has increased by more than double in the previous three decades. Under these conditions, raising fish in a polyculture system could be a viable option for increasing production globally, but with low effects on the environment.
AUTOMATED DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM POWERED BY PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS USED FOR AGRICULTURAL CROPS
Authors:   INMA, Bucharest, Romania, TĂBĂRAȘU ANA MARIA , GĂGEANU IULIA ,   INMA, Bucharest, Romania, ANGHELACHE DRAGOȘ ,   INMA, Bucharest, Romania, MATEI GHEORGHE ,   University of Craiova, Faculty of Agronomy, Romania
Published: April 2022

Climate change, water scarcity and higher energy requirements and electric tariff compromises the continuity of the irrigated agriculture. Precision agriculture (PA) or renewable energy sources which are based on communication and information technologies and a large amount of data are key to ensuring this economic activity and guaranteeing food security at the global level. Several works which are based on the use of PA and renewable energy sources have been developed in order to optimize different variables of irrigated agriculture such as irrigation scheduling. In general, 70% of global water consumption goes to agriculture, for crop irrigation. Irrigated agriculture represents 20% of the total cultivated land (global average), but brings 40% of food.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF VIBRATIONS IN APPARATUS COMBINATIONS TANGENTIAL THRESHING
Authors:   INMA, Bucharest, Romania, VLĂDUȚ VALENTIN , BIRIȘ SORIN ȘTEFAN ,   University Politehnica of Bucharest, PETRE A.A. ,   INMA, Bucharest, Romania, VOICEA IULIAN ,   INMA, Bucharest, Romania, CUJBESCU DAN ,   INMA, Bucharest, Romania, UNGUREANU N. ,   University Politehnica of Bucharest, MATEI GHEORGHE ,   University of Craiova, Faculty of Agronomy, POPA D. , BORUZ SORIN ,   University of Craiova, Faculty of Agronomy, CONSTANTIN A.M. ,   INMA Bucharest / Romania, VASILE CRISTIAN ,   University of Craiova, Faculty of Agronomy
Published: April 2022

Vibrations are dynamics phenomenon which appear in some environment as a result of an external force whose action consist on an oscillation. The effect of these oscillations harm to the environment where they appear and if this environment is the human body then the results are more harmful, hauling consequences, sometimes irreversible, on the health of the human body. In this respect, studying and knowing the effects of the vibrations on human body have become a necessity, the research taking place in order to find out the limit to which the men could work in an environment with vibrations such as the agricultural machinery (selfpropelled combines for cereals crop in a way) without no effects on the health of human being.
Тамга-петроглифы из Юго-Западного Жетысу Алатау
Authors: Херманн Люк , Железняков Борис Анатольевич
Published: April 2022

В данной статье в научный оборот вводятся знаки и тамги из Юго-Западного Жетысу Алатау, они представляют новый пласт графических данных по этому региону. В ходе археологических исследований, проведенных авторами, были задокументированы более 1000 камней с выбитыми рисунками в Кайши и около 200 камней в долине Малого Усека к северу от Жаркента (Панфиловский р-н, Алматинская обл.). Среди них было найдено много тамг или знаков, похожих на тамги. Некоторые знаки, представленные здесь, возможно, не являются тамгами, но опубликованы для дальнейшего обсуждения. Тамга – это родовой фамильный знак, печать, которая ставилась на родовое имущество, в том числе на крупный рогатый скот. Как правило, потомок определенного рода заимствовал тамгу своего предка и добавлял к ней дополнительный элемент или модифицировал ее. Эти тамги-знаки, высеченные в скале, датируются от раннетюркского периода (VIII в.) до начала XX в. Данная публикация представляет собой первый уровень обобщения данных по, примерно дюжине тамг и знаков, полученных в полевых условиях. Необходимо продолжать усилия по выявлению связей с археологическими памятниками и наскальными рисунками в районах, где зафиксированы тамги.
Сохранение резьбы по глине из цитадели городища Кулан
Authors: Алтынбеков Кырым , Чарлина Любовь Филипповна , Алтынбекова Элина Кырымовна
Published: April 2022

В данной статье рассматривается полный цикл работ по сохранению резного декора, выявленного при раскопках городища Кулан в 2015 г. Была сделана попытка сохранения панелей резной глины на месте методами превентивной консервации (устройство навеса, покрытие тканью), но из-за контакта стен с массивом грунта и накопления водорастворимых солей на поверхности резьбы происходило дальнейшее разрушение резной штукатурки. В 2017 г. фрагменты панелей резной глины сняты со стен помещений цитадели для лабораторной консервации и реставрации. Снятие выполнялось осенью в условиях повышенной влажности помещения, поэтому предварительно были разработаны методы, исключающие закрепление глины путем глубинной пропитки. В лабораторных условиях для безопасного проведения реставрационных мероприятий глина была укреплена на всю толщину штукатурки путем пропитки раствором консолиданта, после чего выполнено удаление водорастворимых солей и позднейших наслоений, соединение разрозненных фрагментов, сборка на новом основании, подготовка экспозиционных панелей в соответствии с расположением сохранившейся резьбы на стенах раскопанного помещения. В процессе работ использованы как общепринятые методы реставрации монументальной живописи из археологических раскопок, так и собственные разработки научно-реставрационной лаборатории «Остров Крым». В 2021 г. отреставрированные панели переданы в Национальный музей РК.
О работе международной конференции «Маргулановские чтения–2021»
Authors: Мусаева Райхан Сериковна
Published: April 2022

26–27 октября 2021 г. состоялась Международная научно-практическая конференция «Маргулановские чтения–2021». В ней приняли участие ученые из 15 городов Казахстана, а также стран ближнего и дальнего зарубежья: Болгарии, Китая, Кыргызстана, России, Румынии, Турции, Узбекистана. Заслушан 81 научный доклад, из которых 69 опубликованы в материалах конференции. Ведущие ученые поделись опытом научных исследований в разработках проблем эпохи камня, палеометалла, раннего железного века, средневековья и Нового времени, доложили о результатах полевых работ 2021 г. Отдельные выступления были посвящены методике проведения междисциплинарных исследований, методам консервации и реставрации археологических артефактов. Некоторые докладчики обратились к подведению итогов развития археологической науки, воспоминаниям об ушедших коллегах и их наследии. В рамках конфереции был проведен круглый стол на тему: «Археология Казахстана: актуальные проблемы и перспективы развития», на котором обсуждались вопросы отечественной археологической науки. Археологи, представители музеев, научных центров и частных организаций обсудили проблемы развития науки, правового регулирования, подготовки научных кадров и разработки единой методологии археологических исследований.
Alternative Work Arrangements, Work Environment, and Job Stress on Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention
Authors: Mawardi Moh. Cholid
Published: April 2022

This study was conducted to analyze the influence of Alternative work arrangementss, work environment, and job stress on job satisfaction. The object of this research is millenial bankir with a total sample of 120 employees and data collection use online survey. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS. The results of this study indicate that Alternative work arrangementss, job stress have a negative significant effect on job satisfaction, work environment has a positive significant effect on job satisfaction, job satisfaction has a positive significant effect on turnover intention, and Alternative work arrangementss have a positive effect and significant on turnover intention, the work environment has a negative and significant effect on turnover intention, work stress has a positive insignificant effect on turnover intention, Alternative work arrangementss have a negative significant effect on turnover intention through job satisfaction, the work environment has a positive significant effect on turnover intention through job satisfaction, and job stress has a negative significant effect on turnover intention through job satisfaction. The human resource management must implement the suitability of employee competencies with their field of work better so that it is expected to reduce turnover in employees creating a conducive work environment.
Lessons to create a better future
Authors: Zahawi Nadhim
Published: April 2022

Summary - The development and deployment of vaccines has been a UK success story - The Vaccine Taskforce brought together the key players to ensure development at pace and at scale - The Life Sciences Vision will take the lessons the UK has learned from the pandemic and apply them for the future - The NHS will make research and innovation fundamental to everything it does - Bringing together all parts of the sector will create an environment for UK life sciences to flourish.
A business view of the strategy
Authors: Stein Paul
Published: April 2022

Summary - Industry needs to see demand signals if it is to invest in R&D - Government procurement has an important part to play in encouraging innovation - In some areas, regulation drives product innovation, not market forces - Support is needed at all stages of the innovation pipeline - Industry, academia and Government can understand each other better with more opportunities for people to move between them.
Scaling up and delivering at pace
Authors: Bates Steve
Published: April 2022

Summary - The role of industry in being able to scale up vaccine production was crucial to the programme - Pace was also a key factor in the programme’s success - Many businesses operated at risk in order to deliver the required outcome - It is important to maintain a diversity of industrial players that can deliver globally - The networks of experts and the research institutes play a vital role in meeting these challenges.
Improving our record on innovation
Authors: Kwarteng Kwasi
Published: April 2022

Summary - The UK has great depth of talent in scientific research - In innovation, the UK could do better - The decarbonisation imperative will rely heavily on innovation - The skills agenda will be a key part in delivering the Strategy - We need to diversify the range of institutions that are involved.
Working in partnership
Authors: Gilbert Sarah
Published: April 2022

Summary - Teams in academia can work fast and flexibly - Pharmaceutical companies can deliver scaling up and delivery - There is a strong case for more work being carried out by academia before pharmaceutical companies take over - Until recently, there has been little interest in funding the underpinning technology behind vaccine development - Maintaining expert teams over time is vital for long-term preparedness.
International action on biodiversity
Authors: Malhi Yadvinder
Published: April 2022

Summary - G7member countries are responsible for 40% of the world’s consumption of biological resources - Biodiversity must be embedded into economic planning and thinking - The monitoring of changes in biodiversity is essential - Biodiversity is now being recognised as an existential challenge - Having the will to act on our improved understanding is the real challenge.
Bringing everyone along on the journey
Authors: Guha Priya
Published: April 2022

Summary - We need everyone to participate in the innovation journey - Lack of inclusivity is a major threat to the success of the Strategy - Innovation should mean something to everyone in the UK, not just the usual interested individuals - Education is fundamental, not just for the younger generation but for those already in today’s workplace - The Covid pandemic has highlighted the challenge of social exclusion.
Including nature in economic understanding
Authors: Dasgupta Partha
Published: April 2022

Summary - There is no intrinsic reason why ecology cannot be accommodated within economics - An inventory measuring the increase or decrease in natural resources is needed - To properly discuss welfare or wellbeing requires a focus on assets - It would be a mistake to use GDP to discuss economic success over the long run - Humanity’s demand for nature’s goods and services vastly exceeds the earth’s capacity to supply them on a sustainable basis.
Molecular docking study involving bioactive natural compounds against SARS-CoV-2 proteins
Authors: Marcelino Rodolfo Cabral , de Araújo Leonardo Pereira , Bueno de Morais Borba João , da Silveira Nelson José Freitas
Published: April 2022

At the end of 2019, atypical cases of pneumonia accompanied by particular symptoms started being reported in the Chinese city of Wuhan. After a few weeks had passed, the aforementioned disease spread throughout China and became a global pandemic some months later. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological agent of that atypical pneumonia, which has been named Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). In an attempt to find an efficient therapy to either fight the spread of COVID-19 or to cure infected people from its tissue damages, researchers around the world have been studying several plants, herbs and natural products. These potential medicines have been used for therapeutic purposes throughout the years due to the great variety of bioactive compounds characterizing them. The present work aimed to perform virtual screenings by using AutoDock Vina software to execute molecular docking studies of tridimensional (3D) structures of well-known bioactive natural compounds against 24 SARS-CoV-2 proteins. We have analyzed energy scores (provided in -Kcal/mol) as well as ligand-protein intermolecular binding interactions. In vitro and in vivo assays should be furtherly conducted to corroborate with our findings and therefore validate chemical substances derived from plants and herbs, such as Punica granatum, Centella asiatica and Solanum spp., as promising drug candidates to either treat or prevent COVID-19.
Isolation and structural determination of ursane-type triterpene from Neolamarckia cadamba dried leaves
Authors: George Jennifer , Meshram Gangadhar , Patil Vishwanath
Published: April 2022

This article documents the first time isolation of Carissic acid from Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser (Family: Rubiaceae) leaves. This bioactive triterpenic acid was isolated with a yield of 3.26% by ultrasonic waves. One-dimensional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopic techniques such as proton NMR (1H NMR), carbon-13 NMR (13C NMR), distortionless enhancement by polarisation transfer (DEPT), and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopic methods such as heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) were used to identify the structure. About 63.0 mg of pure carissic acid was isolated from 1.931 grams of acetone extract using sonomaceration as an extraction technique.
Capuchin search algorithm based task scheduling in cloud computing environment
Authors: Ramu Sivakumar , Ranganathan Rameshkumar , Ramamoorthy Ramakrishnan
Published: April 2022

Cloud computing is mathematical process that provides more power and flexibility in computing infrastructure. Cloud computing provides internet services using a network of remote services. The core service for any environment is the best business plan that supports better quality of service (QoS). Task scheduling in the cloud is a key issue that needs to be addressed to improve system performance and high customer satisfaction. The task scheduling affects the exact time of operation and the cost of using the system. In this paper, we propose a capuchin search algorithm based task scheduling (CSTS) in cloud computing environment. In CSTS method, first we introduce an improved cuttlefish optimization (ICFO) algorithm for task clustering which groups user task into two set as normal and emergency task. Then, we develop a modified capuchin search (MCS) algorithm for priority based optimal task scheduling which minimize makespan and improve resource utilization. Finally, the simulation results of proposed CSTS method is compared with the existing state-of-art methods in terms of makespan, execution time, deadline violation rate and resource utilization.
Numerical Treatment of Uniformly Convergent Method for Convection Diffusion Problem
Authors: FİLİZ Ali
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we will study the convergence properties of the method designed for the convection-diffusion problem. We will prove that the analytical and numerical methods give the same result. Merging the ideas in previous research, we introduce a numerical algorithm on a uniform mesh that requires no exact solution to the local convection-diffusion problem. We display how to obtain the numerical solution of the local Boundary Value Problem (BVP) in a suitable way to ensure that the resulting numerical algorithm recaptures the same convergence properties when using the exact solution of the local BVP. We prove that the proposed algorithm nodally converges to the exact solution.
FUNGSI KEWENANGAN DAERAH DALAM PERENCANAAN TATA RUANG DI DAERAH PERBATASAN KABUPATEN/ KOTA
Authors: Buhar Hamja  , F Aswir , Saiful Ahmad
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan Perencanaan Tata Ruang di Daerah Perbatasan Kabupaten dan atau Kota yang dihubungkan dengan Kewenangan Daerah. Pokok masalah yang dibahas adalah pengaturan dan praktek penataan tata ruang di daerah perbatasan Kabupaten/ Kota dihubungkan dengan kewenangan daerah.

Metode penelitian munggunakan studi pustaka yang mengacu pada teori-teori hukum dengan tujuan untuk mengembangkan argumentasi kajian yang berorientasi pada pengaturan terhadap rencana tata ruang di daerah perbatasan. Penelitian ini juga adalah penelitian doktrinal (normatif), menggunakan metode pendekatan penelitian hukum normatif melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach). 

Temuan dari penelitian ini adalah keberadaan lembaga penataan ruang daerah belum berjalan secara terpadu dan dalam satu kesatuan sistem, kebijakan yang ditetapkan masing-masing dinas atau instansi lebih banyak diwarnai oleh tugas dan fungsi yang diembannya. Kesimpulannya adalah perlu dibentuknya badan koordinasi agar bisa dapat menjembatani kepentingan-kepentingan antar daerah sehingga akan tercipta suatu pengendalian dan pengkoordinasian yang baik dan terhindar dari suatu permasalahan antara daerah serta terhindar dari disintegrasi nasional.
PEMETAAN PERSEBARAN KAWASAN PERMUKIMAN MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS DI KECAMATAN GUNUNGPATI, KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Merli Apriyantika
Published: April 2022

Dalam undang-undang Nomor 1 tahun 2011 tentang perumahan dan kawasan permukiman, yaitu permukiman adalah bagian dari lingkungan hunian yang terdiri atas lebih dari satu satuan perumahan yang mempunyai prasarana, sarana, utilitas umum, serta mempunyai penunjang kegiatan fungsi lain di kawasan perkotaan atau kawasan perdesaan.  upaya pemenuhan rumah yang layak huni. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan persebaran kawasan permukiman di Kecamatan Gunungpati Kota Semarang dengan menggunakan sistem informasi geografis. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian ini menggabungkan data interpretasi citra satelit resolusi tinggi (Google Earth) dengan data survey di lapangan. Pada penelitian ini dibutuhkan data survey lapangan yang kemudian data survey lapangan akan dikombinasi dengan data interpretasi citra satelit (google earth), sehingga nanti akan diketahui persebaran kawasan permukiman di Kecamatan Gunungpati Kota Semarang dan hasil akhir pengolahan data akan menggunakan sistem informasi geografis dengan software arc gis 10.7 untuk membuat peta persebaran kawasan permukiman di Kecamatan Gunungpati Kota Semarang.  Sehingga nanti diketahui peta persebaran kawasan permukiman di Kecamatan Gunungpati Kota Semarang.
Comparative evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of Shodhana processed Guggul
Authors: Taru Poonam P. , Ingale Vivek B. , Sayed Sabeena , Sakat Sachin , Bagade Om , Rai Neeta
Published: April 2022

Shodhana is a technique that has been around since the Samhita period. Shodhana is an Ayurvedic purification treatment that involves soaking, rubbing, and washing hazardous medicinal herbs (upavishadravyas) with specialised media such as gomutra (cow's urine), Godugdha (cow's milk), Guduchi Kwath, Triphala Kwath,  Pancha Tikta Kwath, Dash Moola Kwath, Nimba Patra Kwatha with Haridra Churna, Nirgundi Patra and other pharmaceutical procedures to remove the doshas.  Shodhana is a significant approach for removing Doshas from practically all types of medications (impurities or toxic contents) and substances are then processed further. In the present study guggul is used and guggulu shodhana is done by using different liquid media such as distilled water, Gomutra (cow urine), Triphala Kwath. The present study aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of shodhit guggul by using carrageenan-induced paw edema and Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis in in Wistar Albino rats. By the pharmacological study it is concluded that the Triphala shodhit Guggul showed enhanced anti-inflammatory activity as compared with Distilled water and Gomutra shodhit Guggul. Thus, the purpose of Shodhana process of Guggul is proved experimentally showing enhancement of pharmacological activity.