bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Agent-based dynamic scheduling model for product-driven production
Authors: Campos João Thiago de G. A. A. , Blumelova Jana , Lepikson Herman Augusto , Mendonça Freires Francisco Gaudencio
Published: September 2020

Goal: This research provides specific solution for dynamic scheduling of product-driven production with unique level of detail and original architecture.

Design / Methodology / Approach: Design process of scheduling problem-solving MAS is divided into three steps: agent encapsulation of entities participating in scheduling, including concept of agents and responsibilities they assume, system architecture and topology of the agents network, detailed design of decision scheme of individual agents.

Results: Production processes take place in dynamic environment and have to react to numerous real-time events, hence reschedule the production by a new design and implement agent-based model in order to solve dynamic flexible job shop scheduling problem in product-driven production environment.

Limitations of the investigation: Designed model counts with simple agents behaving on condition-action rules. These agents could be replaced by more sophisticated types of agents such as utility-based or learning agents. Also the implemented coordination mechanism ensuring global view on the scheduling problem is rather simple.

Practical implications: Via simulations of realistic production scenarios it was expected to prove an applicability of specific solution of how bringing the intelligence to the lower levels of control system may be used in dynamic scheduling. Based on elaboration of theoretical basis, principles were identified as suitable or widely used in design of such model.

Originality / Value: This research provides specific real-time architecture for a multi-agents dynamic scheduling of product-driven production with unique level of detail and scenarios analysis.
Mechanical Circulatory Support to Treat Pulmonary Embolism: Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Right Ventricular Assist Devices
Authors: Bhalla Aneil , Attaran Robert
Published: September 2020

Mechanical circulatory support may help patients with massive pulmonary embolism who are not candidates for systemic thrombolysis, pulmonary embolectomy, or catheter-directed therapy, or in whom these established interventions have failed. Little published literature covers this topic, which led us to compare outcomes of patients whose massive pulmonary embolism was managed with the use of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) or a right ventricular assist device (RVAD).

We searched the medical literature from January 1990 through September 2018 for reports of adults hospitalized for massive or high-risk pulmonary embolism complicated by hemodynamic instability, and who underwent VA-ECMO therapy or RVAD placement. Primary outcomes included weaning from mechanical circulatory support and discharge from the hospital. We found 16 reports that included 181 patients (164 VA-ECMO and 17 RVAD).

All RVAD recipients were successfully weaned from support, as were 122 (74%) of the VA-ECMO patients. Sixteen (94%) of the RVAD patients were discharged from the hospital, as were 120 (73%) of the VA-ECMO patients. Of note, the 8 RVAD patients who had an Impella RP System were all weaned and discharged.

For patients with massive pulmonary embolism who are not candidates for conventional interventions or whose conditions are refractory, mechanical circulatory support in the form of RVAD placement or ECMO may be considered. Larger comparative studies are needed.
Left Ventricular Noncompaction Detected by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Screening: A Reexamination of Diagnostic Criteria
Authors: Masso Anthony H. , Uribe Carlo , Willerson James T. , Cheong Benjamin Y. , Davis Barry R.
Published: September 2020

In a previous cross-sectional screening study of 5,169 middle and high school students (mean age, 13.1 ± 1.78 yr) in which we estimated the prevalence of high-risk cardiovascular conditions associated with sudden cardiac death, we incidentally detected by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) 959 cases (18.6%) of left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) that met the Petersen diagnostic criterion (noncompaction:compaction ratio >2.3). Short-axis CMR images were available for 511 of these cases (the Short-Axis Study Set). To determine how many of those cases were truly abnormal, we analyzed the short-axis images in terms of LV structural and functional variables and applied 3 published diagnostic criteria besides the Petersen criterion to our findings. The estimated prevalences were 17.5% based on trabeculated LV mass (Jacquier criterion), 7.4% based on trabeculated LV volume (Choi criterion), and 1.3% based on trabeculated LV mass and distribution (Grothoff criterion). Absent longitudinal clinical outcomes data or accepted diagnostic standards, our analysis of the screening data from the Short-Axis Study Set did not definitively differentiate normal from pathologic cases. However, it does suggest that many of the cases might be normal anatomic variants. It also suggests that cases marked by pathologically excessive LV trabeculation, even if asymptomatic, might involve unsustainable physiologic disadvantages that increase the risk of LV dysfunction, pathologic remodeling, arrhythmias, or mural thrombi. These disadvantages may escape detection, particularly in children developing from prepubescence through adolescence. Longitudinal follow-up of suspected LVNC cases to ascertain their natural history and clinical outcome is warranted.
MODEL REGRESI DATA PANEL UNTUK MENGETAHUI FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TINGKAT KEMISKINAN DI PULAU MADURA
Authors: Indrasetianingsih Artanti , Wasik Tutik Khalimatul
Published: September 2020

Poverty arises when a person or group of people is unable to meet the level of economic prosperity which is considered a minimum requirement of a certain standard of living or poverty is understood as a state of lack of money and goods to ensure survival. Panel data regression is the development of regression analysis which is a combination of time series data and cross section data. Panel data regression is usually used to make observations of data that is examined continuously for several periods. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that influence the level of poverty in Madura Island in the period 2008 - 2017. In this study the variables used in this study are life expectancy (X1), average length of school (X2), level open unemployment (X3), and labor force participation (X4) with the Comman Effect Model (CEM) approach, Fixed Effect Model and Random Effect Model (REM). To choose the best model from the three is the chow test, the hausman test and the breusch-pagan test. In this study, the best model chosen was the Fixed Effect Model. Keywords: CEM, Fixed Effect Model, Data Panel Regression, REM, Poverty level.
Modal Sosial Masyarakat di Kawasan Penyangga Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai untuk Mendukung Skema Pengelolaan Berbasis Kemitraan
Authors: Hidayat Rahmat , Marsono Djoko , Susanto Sahid , Sadono Ronggo
Published: September 2020

Understanding about social capacital of community has an essential role in supporting the collaborative management of conservation area. This study aims to assess the characteristics of elements of social capital and measure the relationship of the effects of elements of social capital on social capital owned by communities around the buffer zone of Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai (TNGC). Study site was located in the upstream area of Cisanggarung watershed. Data collection was undertaken through three stages, i.e. literature study, field observation, and inteview. The analysis was conducted using confirmatory factor analysis and descriptive test. The results demonstrated that the social capacital of communities around the buffer zone of TNGC, even though in the same watershed ecosystem unit they had varied characteristics. This fact is proven by the differences in social capital categories and the most influential elements of social capital in the formation of social capital in rural areas that are buffer zones. In order to support the collaborative management in TNGC, the sub-elements of social capital which is at a very weak and weak level, as well as the most influential social capital element in the formation of social capital in each village, should be the main consideration in increasing social capital and preparing conservation collaborative programs that are will be done in each village.
The ability of young learners to construct word meaning in context
Authors: Butler Yuko Goto
Published: September 2020

This study examines young English readers’ ability to infer word meanings in context and to use metacognitive knowledge for constructing word meanings in relation to their reading performance. The participants were 61 fourth-grade students in the United States, comprising 24 monolingual English-speaking (ME) students and 37 English-as-a-second-language (L2) students; each group was also divided into strong and emergent readers in English. Participants were asked to read aloud paragraphs containing words unfamiliar to them in two different contextual conditions (i.e., explicit and implicit conditions), to guess the unfamiliar word meanings, and to tell a teacher how they arrived at the inferred meanings. Quantitative analyses found significant differences between strong and emergent readers in their oral fluency as well as in their ability to infer word meanings and articulate their use of metacognitive knowledge. Although significant differences were found in the ability to infer word meanings and the use of metacognitive reasoning between ME and L2 students, such differences disappeared after controlling for the size of students’ receptive vocabulary. Qualitative analyses also revealed differences in the kinds of knowledge and strategies that strong and emergent readers relied on when constructing the meaning of unknown words in both explicit and implicit contexts.
Design of an aperture coupled MIMO antenna for on-body communication and performance enhancement with dielectric back reflector
Authors: Gupta Vipan Kumar , Gupta Ashima
Published: September 2020

Compact antennas with robust on-body performance are achieving more interest for wearable sensor nodes. In this paper, a modified aperture coupled multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna operating at 2.45 GHz industrial scientific and medical (ISM) band is presented for wearable devices. 8-shaped radiator with L-shaped ground slot is used to miniaturize the antenna dimensions. A dielectric reflector is added below the antenna to reduce the back radiations towards the body tissue. On-body performance is analysed on three layered equivalent tissue phantom model. Antenna shows reflection coefficient of −40 dB, efficiency of 58% and directivity of 6.7 dBi when operated in close proximity of body tissue with dielectric reflector. unidirectional radiation pattern and low specific absorption rate makes antenna suitable for on-body communication. Further, diversity performance is measured in terms of envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and diversity gain (DG). Value of ECC is 0.045 and DG is 9.7 dB at 2.45 GHz. Antenna robustness is examined by bending the structure along x-axis. Performance of the proposed structure makes it a suitable candidate for on-body communication.
Verb-based restrictions on noun incorporation across languages
Authors: Olthof Marieke , van Lier Eva , Claessen Tjeu , Danielsen Swintha , Haude Katharina , Lehmann Nico , Mous Maarten , Verhoeven Elisabeth , Visser Eline , Vuillermet Marine , Wolvengrey Arok
Published: September 2020

Although some characteristics of incorporating verbs and non-incorporating verbs have been proposed in previous studies, little systematic cross-linguistic research has been done on restrictions on the types of verbs that incorporate nouns. Knowledge about possible verb-based restrictions on noun incorporation may, however, provide important insights for theoretical approaches to noun incorporation, in particular regarding the question to what extent incorporation is a lexical or a syntactic process, and whether and how languages may vary in this respect. This paper therefore investigates to what extent languages restrict noun incorporation to particular verbs and what types of restrictions appear to be relevant cross-linguistically. The study consists of two parts: an explorative typological survey based on descriptive sources of 50 incorporating languages, and a more detailed investigation of incorporating verbs in corpus data from a sample of eight languages, guided by a questionnaire. The results demonstrate that noun incorporation is indeed restricted in terms of which verbs allow this construction within and across languages. The likelihood that a verb can incorporate is partly determined by its degree of morphosyntactic transitivity, but the attested variation across verbs and across languages shows that purely lexical restrictions play an important role as well.
Detectable sensation of a stochastic smoking model
Authors: Alzahrani Abdullah , Zeb Anwar
Published: September 2020

This paper is related to the stochastic smoking model for the purpose of creating the effects of smoking that are not observed in deterministic form. First, formulation of the stochastic model is presented. Then the sufficient conditions for extinction and persistence are determined. Furthermore, the threshold of the proposed stochastic model is discussed, when noises are small or large. Finally, the numerical simulations are shown graphically with the software MATLAB.
A fiber optic–nanophotonic approach to the detection of antibodies and viral particles of COVID-19
Authors: Rajil Navid , Sokolov Alexei , Yi Zhenhuan , Adams Garry , Agarwal Girish , Belousov Vsevolod , Brick Robert , Chapin Kimberly , Cirillo Jeffrey , Deckert Volker , Delfan Sahar , Esmaeili Shahriar , Fernández-González Alma , Fry Edward , Han Zehua , Hemmer Philip , Kattawar George , Kim Moochan , Lee Ming-Che , Lu Chao-Yang , Mogford Jon , Neuman Benjamin , Pan Jian-Wei , Peng Tao , Poor Vincent , Scully Steven , Shih Yanhua , Suckewer Szymon , Svidzinsky Anatoly , Verhoef Aart , Wang Dawei , Wang Kai , Yang Lan , Zheltikov Aleksei , Zhu Shiyao , Zubairy Suhail , Scully Marlan
Published: September 2020

Dr. Deborah Birx, the White House Coronavirus Task Force coordinator, told NBC News on “Meet the Press” that “[T]he U.S. needs a ‘breakthrough’ in coronavirus testing to help screen Americans and get a more accurate picture of the virus’ spread.” We have been involved with biopathogen detection since the 2001 anthrax attacks and were the first to detect anthrax in real-time. A variation on the laser spectroscopic techniques we developed for the rapid detection of anthrax can be applied to detect the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2 virus). In addition to detecting a single virus, this technique allows us to read its surface protein structure. In particular, we have been conducting research based on a variety of quantum optical approaches aimed at improving our ability to detect Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) viral infection. Indeed, the detection of a small concentration of antibodies, after an infection has passed, is a challenging problem. Likewise, the early detection of disease, even before a detectible antibody population has been established, is very important. Our team is researching both aspects of this problem. The paper is written to stimulate the interest of both physical and biological scientists in this important problem. It is thus written as a combination of tutorial (review) and future work (preview). We join Prof. Federico Capasso and Editor Dennis Couwenberg in expressing our appreciation to all those working so heroically on all aspects of the COVID-19 problem. And we thank Drs. Capasso and Couwenberg for their invitation to write this paper.
Of Comics and Charisma: Representing Transpacific White Masculinities
Authors: Owens Christina D.
Published: September 2020

This article employs palimpsestuous reading practices to query the transpacific reach and imperial pedigree of the comic strip “Charisma Man.” Turning to Max Weber’s theory of “charismatic authority” to understand the comic’s humorous portrayals of white male heterosexual privilege in Asia, the article proposes that the comic strip illuminates the patterns of raced and gendered “hereditary charisma” that continue to haunt transpacific relations. “Charisma Man,” penned by a team of North American men living in Japan, links contemporary white migrants across Asia – especially native English teachers – with a longue durée of Euro-American imperial actors abroad and builds meaning through intertextual engagement with the iconic cultural textsSupermanandMadame Butterfly. The article concludes that “Charisma Man” makes light of white male hereditary charisma in Asia through a layering of temporally-disjointed transpacific discourses and, in turn, adds one more layer to a palimpsestuous sedimentation of sexist and racist hierarchies, normalizing their continuation within contemporary globalization.
How dimensional analysis allows to go beyond Metzner–Otto concept for non-Newtonian fluids
Authors: Delaplace Guillaume , Jeantet Romain , Grenville Richard , Cuvelier Gérard , Loubiere Karine
Published: September 2020

The concept of Metzner and Otto was initially developed for correlating power measurements in stirred vessels for shear-thinning fluids in the laminar regime with regard to those obtained for Newtonian liquids. To get this overlap, Metzner and Otto postulated and determined an “effective shear rate” which was proportional to the rotational speed of the impeller Although it was not based on a strong theoretical background, it was rapidly admitted as a practical engineering approach and was extended for seeking out a “Newtonian correspondence” with non-Newtonian results (i.e. different classes of fluids). This was applied in a variety of tank processes even for predicting heat transfer or mixing time, which stretches far away from the frame initially envisaged by Metzner and Otto themselves. This paper aimed to show how dimensional analysis offers a theoretically founded framework to address this issue without the experimental determination of effective quantities. This work also aimed to enlarge the underlying questions to any process in which a variable material property exists and impacts the process. For that purpose, the pending questions of Metzner and Otto concept were first reminded (i.e. dependence of the Metzner–Otto constant to rheological parameters, physical meaning of the effective shear rate, etc.). Then, the theoretical background underlying the dimensional analysis was described and applied to the case of variable material properties (including non-Newtonian fluids), by introducing in particular the concept of material similarity. Finally, two examples were proposed to demonstrate how the rigorous framework associated with the dimensional analysis is a powerful method to exceed the concept of Metzner and Otto and can be adapted beyond the Ostwald–de Waele power law model to a wide range of non-Newtonian fluids in various processes, without being restricted to batch reactor and laminar regime.
On the participatory agency of texts: Using institutional forms in performance appraisal interviews
Authors: Lehtinen Esa , Pälli Pekka
Published: September 2020

Drawing on studies of the performative effects and agency of texts in organizations, the paper investigates how the agency of texts figures through their participatory status in interaction. The empirical data for the study consist of video-recorded performance appraisal interviews in a Finnish public organization in which the interaction relies heavily on an appraisal form. The data are analyzed through a sequential analysis that draws on multimodal conversation analysis and ethnographic knowledge. The analysis shows that the human participants orient to three different acts that are inscribed in the textual document: 1) presenting demands for the participants; 2) offering topics for the discussion as well as perspectives from which those topics should be discussed; and 3) suggesting conventional ways of progressing in the interaction. Furthermore, the material and the semiotic facets of textual documents are shown to be systematically related in that specific orientations to the material aspect of the paper form entail specific orientations to the semiotic content. The study sheds light on the subtle ways through which the distributed, albeit dissymmetric, agency of human and non-human participants is constructed, and on how texts are treated as more or less authoritative in face-to-face interaction.
An unforced megastable chaotic oscillator and its application on protecting electrophysiological signals
Authors: Akgul Akif , Boyraz Omer Faruk , Rajagopal Karthikeyan , Guleryuz Emre , Yildiz Mustafa Zahid , Kutlu Mustafa
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we introduce a novel 3D chaotic oscillator which shows megastability without any external excitation. Some important dynamical properties of the proposed novel system were derived and investigated. Data protection application and its security analysis were realized for electrophysiological signals such as ECG, EEG and EMG on a microcomputer. This paper includes both encryption and data hiding processes for high security. Also a user interface was developed. For the encryption process, random numbers were generated by the megastable chaotic oscillator. These random numbers were tested with NIST-800-22 test which is the most widely accepted statistical test suite. The encrypted electrophysiological signals were analyzed by entropy, differential attacks, histogram, correlation, initial condition sensitivity, etc. The results of the analysis have shown that the proposed two level security method can be used in many fields as mobile. The most important feature of this paper is that both encryption and data hiding processes were implemented for electrophysiological signals. The experimental results verify that the proposed method has high security and is suitable for the protection of vital electrophysiological signals.
Fabrication and Investigation of Mechanical and Dry Sliding Wear Characteristics of Al6061-Si3N4 Composites
Authors: Veeresh Kumar G. B. , Ulhas Krishna Rao A. , Srinivas Rao T.
Published: September 2020

Aluminum based metal matrix composites (MMCs) are excellent grade engineering materials used in high-tech applications like aerospace, automotive, marine, and other applications, owing to their higher specific strength, better physical and mechanical characteristics, coupled with lower density, when compared with pure aluminum and its alloys. The present paper emphasizes experimental work that was carried out on the fabrication of Al6061 alloy reinforced with different weight percentages (wt%) of silicon nitride (Si3N4) MMCs. The vacuum-assisted stir casting technique was used to fabricate Al6061-Si3N4 composites. The wt% of Si3N4 reinforcement was varied from 0 to 6 wt% in steps of 2. The optical micrograph (OM), density, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and mechanical characteristics such as resistance to indentation, ultimate tensile strength, percentage elongation, and scanning electron micrographs of the composites before and after tensile and wear tests have been investigated. The tribological studies for the determination of wear properties of developed composites were carried out with respect to volumetric wear loss, sliding distance, and applied load, with increasing Si3N4 reinforcement content in Al6061 alloy. The density of Al6061-Si3N4 composites has improved with increased reinforcement content as compared to monolithic alloy. The OM and scanning electron micrographs reveal a uniform distribution of Si3N4 particulates in the matrix alloy. The mechanical properties along with the resistance to the wear property have improved, and there was a noteworthy loss in the ductility of Al6061-Si3N4 composites in comparison with Al6061 alloy.
Flexibility in Treatment: A Trial of Walking Psychotherapy
Authors: Schen Cathy R.
Published: September 2020

Flexibility in the psychotherapeutic frame of treatment arises from many sources, from the general to the personal, and can take several forms. This article looks at walking while conducting psychotherapy with patients and explores the ways in which flexibility in treatment can enhance the alliance, how walking side by side brings the body into focus with its implications for transference and countertransference, and how associations to landscape evoke past memories and access emotions. Issues relating to self-disclosure and boundaries, as well as patient responses to the psychotherapist's personally driven request to consider walking during psychotherapy are addressed.

Since writing this article, the coronavirus pandemic has swept across the world and required psychotherapists everywhere to bend the frame of treatment and meet with patients virtually—by phone or video conference—to maintain social distancing and prevent the spread of infection. The hardships posed by this shift in treatment frame combine with benefits not dissimilar to those found with psychotherapy while walking.
Scale-aware Auto-context-guided Fetal US Segmentation with Structured Random Forests
Authors: Yang Xin , Li Haoming , Liu Li , Ni Dong
Published: September 2020

Accurate measurement of fetal biometrics in ultrasound at different trimesters is essential in assisting clinicians to conduct pregnancy diagnosis. However, the accuracy of manual segmentation for measurement is highly user-dependent. Here, we design a general framework for automatically segmenting fetal anatomical structures in two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound (US) images and thus make objective biometric measurements available. We first introduce structured random forests (SRFs) as the core discriminative predictor to recognize the region of fetal anatomical structures with a primary classification map. The patch-wise joint labeling presented by SRFs has inherent advantages in identifying an ambiguous/fuzzy boundary and reconstructing incomplete anatomical boundary in US. Then, to get a more accurate and smooth classification map, a scale-aware auto-context model is injected to enhance the contour details of the classification map from various visual levels. Final segmentation can be obtained from the converged classification map with thresholding. Our framework is validated on two important biometric measurements, which are fetal head circumference (HC) and abdominal circumference (AC). The final results illustrate that our proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of segmentation accuracy.
Circular RNA DLGAP4 Ameliorates Ischemic Stroke Outcomes by Targeting miR-143 to Regulate Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition Associated with Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity
Authors: Bai Ying , Zhang Yuan , Han Bing , Yang Li , Chen Xufeng , Huang Rongrong , Wu Fangfang , Chao Jie , Liu Pei , Hu Gang , Zhang John H. , Yao Honghong
Published: September 2020

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are highly expressed in the CNS and regulate physiological and pathophysiological processes. However, the potential role of circRNAs in stroke remains largely unknown. Here, we show that the circRNA DLGAP4 (circDLGAP4) functions as an endogenous microRNA-143 (miR-143) sponge to inhibit miR-143 activity, resulting in the inhibition of homologous to the E6-AP C-terminal domain E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 expression. circDLGAP4 levels were significantly decreased in the plasma of acute ischemic stroke patients (13 females and 13 males) and in a mouse stroke model. Upregulation of circDLGAP4 expression significantly attenuated neurological deficits and decreased infarct areas and blood–brain barrier damage in the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion mouse stroke model. Endothelial-mesenchymal transition contributes to blood–brain barrier disruption and circDLGAP4 overexpression significantly inhibited endothelial-mesenchymal transition by regulating tight junction protein and mesenchymal cell marker expression. Together, the results of our study are illustrative of the involvement of circDLGAP4 and its coupling mechanism in cerebral ischemia, providing translational evidence that circDLGAP4 serves as a novel therapeutic target for acute cerebrovascular protection.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCircular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the regulation of physiological and pathophysiological processes. However, whether circRNAs are involved in ischemic injury, particularly cerebrovascular disorders, remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate a critical role for circular RNA DLGAP4 (circDLGAP4), a novel circular RNA originally identified as a sponge for microRNA-143 (miR-143), in ischemic stroke outcomes. Overexpression of circDLGAP4 significantly attenuated neurological deficits and decreased infarct areas and blood–brain barrier damage in the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion mouse stroke model. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the efficacy of circRNA injection in an ischemic stroke model. Our investigation suggests that circDLGAP4 may serve as a novel therapeutic target for acute ischemic injury.
SAĞLIĞIN GELİŞTİRİLMESİ VE SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR BESLENME İÇİN ALTERNATİF BİR KAYNAK: YENİLEBİLİR BÖCEKLER
Authors: MUSLU Mücahit
Published: September 2020

Dünya genelinde nüfusun artması beslenme sorunlarını da beraberinde getirmektedir. Yaklaşık olarak her 9 kişiden 1’i açlık çekmektedir. Yenilebilir böcekler yüksek biyokütle ve çeşitliliğe sahiptir. Yüksek kalitede protein, doymamış yağlar, vitaminler, mineraller ve biyoaktif maddeler açısından zengindir. Yetiştirilmeleri için diğer hayvansal kaynaklara göre daha az yem, su ve alan gerekmektedir. İnsan ve hayvanların oluşturduğu biyolojik atıklar da böcek yetiştirmek için kullanılabilmektedir. Böceklerden elde edilen biyoaktif maddeler sağlığın geliştirilmesi ve hastalıkların önlenmesinde kullanılabilmektedir. Bu nedenle birçok firma tarafından böcek ürünleri üretilmekte ve 55 milyon dolarlık bir pazar bulunmaktadır. Yenilebilir böcekler faydaları yanında mikrobiyolojik, parazitolojik ve alerjik riskler de taşımaktadır. Bu nedenle üretimleri sırasında belli kurallara dikkat edilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu standartların belirlenmesi için bilimsel çalışmaların arttırılması, mevzuatların geliştirilmesi ve uluslararası politikaların oluşturulması gerekmektedir.
IOS, Company Characteristics and Board of Commissioners’s Effect on Earnings Quality with Intervening Variable Earnings Persistence
Authors: Khasanah Hidayatul , Khafid Muhammad
Published: September 2020

This study aims to examine the effect of investment opportunity set, company characteristics and board of commissioners on earnings quality with intervening variable earnings persistence. The population is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the 2015-2017 periods which consist of 156 companies. The research sample of 66 companies was obtained using purposive sampling method, so that a total of 198 units of analysis were obtained. Of the total unit analysis, outlier data was reduced by 85 data then the final total unit of analysis is 113 data. This study uses descriptive statistical analysis technique and path analysis. The results shows that IOS, board of commissioners and earnings persistence do not affect the earnings quality. Liquidity and capital structure have a significant negative effect on earnings quality. The board of commissioners does not affect the earnings persistence. The Sobel Test results show that earnings persistence is not able to mediate the influence of the board of commissioners on earnings quality. The conclusion of the study is liquidity and capital structure have a significant negative effect on earnings quality. This is a negative signal because management is considered unable to maintain the stability of the company’s condition.
Peran Sosial Media dalam Penyampaian Informasi dan Kesiapsiagaan Masyarakat Menghadapi Covid-19 di Kota Semarang
Authors: Findayani Aprillia
Published: September 2020

Persebaran covid-19 diseluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia terus meluas sejak kasus pertama di China awal Desember 2019. Di Indonesia, penggunaan sosial media memberikan informasi yang terkadang tidak dapat dipertanggungjawabkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui peran sosial media dalam penyampaian informasi dan kesiapsiagaan masyarakat menghadapi covid-19. Insidental sampling menggunakan kuesioner digunakan untuk mengambil sampel masyarakat di Kota Semarang. Sebanyak 1421 sampel dianalisis menggunakan tekhnik analisis deskriptif. Hasil analisis kueasioner yang terdiri dari 893 perempuan dan 528 laki-laki menyatakan 94,9 % masyarakat memperoleh informasi tentang covid-19 dari sosial media. Selanjutnya 79% masyarakat menggunakan media sosial sebagai media edukasi dan informasi dalam penyampaian informasi mengenai covid-19 meskipun hanya sekitar 58% diantaranya yang selalu melakukan pengecekan sebelum membagi berita tersebut kepada orang lain. Dari analisis awal, masyarakat merasa pemerintah perlu melakukan penyampaian informasi satu pintu untuk memberikan informasi yang tepat, cepat, akurat serta dapat dipertanggungjawabkan sehingga dapat meminimalisir keresahan masyarakat yang timbul akibat berita hoax.
Clinical and genetic characteristics of Dutch children with central congenital hypothyroidism, early detected by neonatal screening
Authors: Naafs J C , Verkerk P H , Fliers E , van Trotsenburg A S P , Zwaveling-Soonawala N
Published: September 2020

Objective

To evaluate clinical characteristics of patients with central congenital hypothyroidism (CH), detected in the Dutch neonatal screening program. This included patients with isolated central CH but the majority have multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies (MPHD).

Design

Nationwide, cross-sectional study.

Methods

Data was collected on clinical characteristics, endocrine tests and neuroimaging of central CH patients, detected by the Dutch neonatal screening and born between 1 January 1995 and 1 January 2015. Height and pubertal status were assessed during a study visit. Isolated central CH patients without a confirmed genetic diagnosis were offered genetic (re-)testing.

Results

During the 20-year period 154 central CH patients were detected (incidence of permanent central CH 1:25 642). After excluding deceased (15), severe syndromic (7) and transient patients (6), 92 of 126 eligible patients were included (57 MPHD; 79% male). Sixty-one patients (50 MPHD) had been hospitalized before screening results were reported, but central CH was diagnosed on clinical grounds in only three of them (5%). MRI abnormalities consistent with pituitary stalk interruption syndrome were seen in 50 (93%) MPHD patients. Among isolated central CH patients, 27 (84%) had an IGSF1, TBL1X or IRS4 gene variant (53, 16 and 16%, respectively).

Conclusion

Many patients with central CH have neonatal health problems, especially MPHD patients. Despite hospital admission of two-thirds of patients, almost none were diagnosed clinically, but only after the notification of an abnormal screening result was received. This indicates that central CH, especially if isolated, is an easily missed clinical diagnosis.
MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: The role of surgical adrenalectomy in primary aldosteronism
Authors: Hundemer Gregory L , Vaidya Anand
Published: September 2020

Primary aldosteronism is common and contributes to adverse cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic outcomes. When instituted early and effectively, targeted therapies can mitigate these adverse outcomes. Surgical adrenalectomy is among the most effective treatments because it has the potential to cure, or attenuate the severity of, pathologic aldosterone excess, resulting in a host of biochemical and clinical changes that improve health outcomes. Herein, we review the role of surgical adrenalectomy in primary aldosteronism while emphasizing the physiologic ramifications of surgical intervention, and compare these to other targeted medical therapies for primary aldosteronism. We specifically review the role of curative adrenalectomy for unilateral primary aldosteronism, the role of non-curative adrenalectomy for bilateral primary aldosteronism, and how these interventions influence biochemical and clinical outcomes in relation to medical therapies for primary aldosteronism.
Astroturismo como alternativa estratégica de dinamización territorial: el caso de la Región Estrella de Chile
Authors: Araya-Pizarro Sebastián
Published: September 2020

Las condiciones privilegiadas de los cielos del norte de Chile han permitido que la Región de Coquimbo, se posicione como la capital mundial de la astronomía y forje una identidad local única: la de Región Estrella. No obstante, aún no ha logrado consolidar una oferta competitiva sistémica, que permita aprovechar la riqueza patrimonial que brinda el territorio. El 2 de julio de 2019, el país experimentó uno de los eventos astronómicos más importantes del orbe: el Eclipse Solar Total, fenómeno que implicó el arribo de más de 300 mil pasajeros y brindó la oportunidad para explorar la complacencia del visitante con su estancia. En este contexto, el presente estudio planteó por objetivo analizar el perfil y satisfacción del turista extranjero que participó del megaevento. Los datos se recopilaron a través de una encuesta aplicada a 228 turistas, y fueron, luego, analizados mediante una regresión logística binaria. Los resultados revelaron la existencia de diversos atributos del perfil del visitante y aspectos turísticos que influyen en su nivel de satisfacción (sexo, uso de e-commerce, oferta astronómica, alojamiento, señalización, limpieza, recursos financieros, entretenimiento e información turística). Se concluye sobre la necesidad de planificar estratégicamente el destino bajo un enfoque integral sinérgico, que considere tanto los aspectos turísticos contextuales de la zona, como los atributos diferenciadores de la propuesta de valor ofrecida a los pasajeros. De este modo, se podría explotar el potencial que reviste el turismo astronómico como alternativa estratégica de dinamización territorial.
A slow pyrolysis biochar derived from Tetrapanax papyriferum petiole as an effective sorbent for removing copper ions from aqueous solution
Authors: Li Wenqi , Zhang Liping , Guan Ying , Tong Zhihan , Chen Xiang , He Guanqiao , Gao Hui
Published: September 2020

Biochar derived from Tetrapanax papyriferum petioles at different pyrolysis temperatures was used to remove copper from aqueous solution. Abundant porous structures were observed with scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscope images revealed a unique layered nanopore structure. A high pyrolytic temperature resulted in a biochar with a higher surface area, ash content, and mineral element content. The maximum adsorption capacity of T. papyriferum petiole biochar (TBC) was 182 mg/g. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetics model were most suitable for describing the adsorption process, indicating that adsorption takes place at specific homogeneous sites within the adsorbent. The calculated ΔH° values indicated that the adsorption process was endothermic. The adsorption mechanism for TBC was attributed to precipitation, ion exchange, C-π interactions, and complexation. Thus, the biochar used in this study is a promising environmentally friendly and effective adsorbent for removing Cu2+ ions from an aqueous solution.
Relasi Makna Orang Kafir dan Muttaqȋn dalam Islam
Authors: Sihabussalam Sihabussalam
Published: September 2020

This paper will explain the relation of eating infidels and pious people in Islam. This research is a qualitative research using Charles Sanders Pierce's semiotic approach. The data used in this paper is sourced from books, journals, and also other literature that is relevant to the theme of the writing.
Wakaf Uang dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Program Pengentasan Kemiskinan di Indonesia
Authors: Al Arif M. Nur Rianto
Published: September 2020

Cash waqf has played a significant role in economics as one of the new Islamic fiscal instruments. Cash waqf has two functions. First, it functions as a facility for the purpose of worship and secondly, it constitutes means as to achieve social welfare. The return of cash waqf management can be used as an instrument for poverty alleviation program through social security system. As a social security system, cash waqf will contribute to the government’s alleviation program which focuses on community empowerment. This paper discusses the role of cash waqf in alleviating poverty which recently has become government program. It observes how the income of the cash waqf is distributed and how it gives an impact on the poverty alleviation in Indonesia. Deploying bibliographical and empirical investigation, this paper argues that the cash waqf has significant role in financial empowerment of the society.
Which and Whose Shari’a?: Historical and Political Perspectives on Legal Articulation of Islam in Indonesia
Authors: Salim Arskal
Published: September 2020

Attempts at the implementation of shari’a in Indonesia have always been marked by a tension between political aspirations of the proponents and the opponents of shari’a and by resistance from the secular state. The tension had led to the profound and ongoing legal political dissonance in the formal application of shari’a rules in the country. A continuum between conflicts in meanings and direct contradictions in terms has resulted in a debate of which and whose shari’a to be implemented. This paper looks at the roots as well as the sources of those dissonances. It observes a number of conditions that make the articulation of religious law dissonant. It argues that more direct dissonance is discernible between the aspiration for the formal implementation of shari’a and constitutional rights of religious freedom. Arguing that despite shari’a has been able to seep into scattered legal aspects within Indonesian state and society and that the state has allowed shari’a to be incorporated in many ways into its legal system, nationally and regionally, it concludes that the state continues to control and restrict this dispersion and that shari’a remains tightly confined in Indonesia
“Sacrifice” Among Ahmadi Women
Authors: Trianita Winy
Published: September 2020

In the world of religion, sacrifice is believed as a form of devotion toward the deities. Some theories suggest that every religion has its own system as well as function of sacrifice. Therefore, sacrifice cannot be perceived to have a singular meaning. This research focuses on the sacrifice practiced by the Ahmadiyah community, which is a controversial sect within Islam. By looking at the Ahmadi women in Indonesia, this study attempts to find out how women use sacrifice as an expression of agency. Instead of being victims or objects of sacrifice, women can, in fact, play a significant role in resisting discrimination against them by their male-dominated organization through sacrifice.
Revitalisasi Maqasid al-Shari’ah dalam Pengembangan Ekonomi Syariah di Indonesia (Studi Kasus atas Fatwa-fatwa DSN-MUI Tahun 2000-2006)
Authors: Mudzhar M. Atho
Published: September 2020

The author examines the concept of Maqasid al-Shari’ah that was used or revitalized as arguments for 53 legal opinions (fatwas) of Dewan Syariah Nasional (DSN) of the Indonesian Ulama Councils (MUI) issued during 2000-2006. Because the purpose of the Maqasid al-Shari’ah is for public interests (maslaha), the examination of the Maqasid al-Shari’ah was conducted by observing the application of fiqh principles in DSN-MUI fatwas, particularly those that related to maslaha. The study found that 50 of 53 fatwas of DSN-MUI included the fiqh principles in all judgments, despite of being equipped by basic Islamic reasoning principles such as Al-Quran, Hadis, Ijma’ and Qiyas. There are 11 possible fiqh principles for use in all fatwas, the minimum is one principle and the maximum is five principles. Overall, the fiqh principles were used 134 times. This means that the average use of the fiqh principles is 2.5 in every fatwa. The most used fiqh principle was the axiom stating that the basic legal principle for muamala is permissible as long as no proposition/law forbids it. The general principle is often used without other specific supporting principles. It should be noted that the DSN-MUI legal opinions tend to be permissive or liberal and less accurate (wijhat al-nazar), despite their validity.
Taraf Layanan Konseling Islam Individu Siswa (Studi Kedisiplinan Di MA Ali Maksum Yogyakarta)
Authors: Izayati Isna
Published: September 2020

There is student indiscipline in the disciplinary rules of MA Ali Maksum Yogyakarta. The indiscipline behavior carried out by MA Ali Maksum Yogyakarta students is the absence of students from an anonymous madrasah, often leaving late for the madrasah and not doing their assignments. This individual counseling is given to students who violate the discipline by the BK teacher by prioritizing the students so that nothing is meant. This study aims to see the stages of the implementation of individual counseling services in improving the discipline of students who are disciplined at MA Ali Maksum Yogyakarta. This research is a field research with a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were counseling teachers and five students taken from class X IPA A, X IPS A, X Religion A. Methods of data using observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis used in this research is descriptive qualitative.
Quo Vadis Hukum Keluarga Islam dalam KHI dan Upaya Desakralisasi untuk Relevansi Seiring Modernitas dan Keindonesiaan
Authors: Sadari Sadari
Published: September 2020

This article reveals the fact that in Islamic Family Law, there are a number of anomalies and crisis, for instance, Islamic Law Compilation (KHI) on polygamy and mixed-religion marriage which contains discrimination and intolerance. This, however, is caused by its enforcement bound by civil law and merely to theMoslem communities. The article introduces the nationalization and internationalization of Islamic family law in the KHI, thus eliminating discrimination and intolerance. This will be sought by creating coherence between KHI and modernity issues such as: Human Rights, democracy, civil society, nation state and constitutionalism in the effort to desacralization. When added with the term desacralization, it will mean to liberate people from superstitious constraints (mythology) in some aspects, yet reserving the sacralization, not undermining or abandoning religious orientation in the norms and values of society, especially in the Islamic Family Law. Understanding this fundamental, desacralization of Islamic family law is, hence, Quo Vadis Islamic Family Law, that will eventually create progressive Islamic Family Law consistent with modernity and Indonesian ideology
Modernitas dan Keindonesiaan Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad
Published: September 2020

This research shows that 19 (nineteen) fatwas of 104 (one hundred and four) fatwas of the Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI) from 1983 to 2009 are reflecting modernity and the Indonesia-ness. The modernity of the fatwas is implemented in the using of maqasid shari‘ah, the maslahat principle, collective ijtihad, and flexibility in madhhab. As for the Indonesianess of the fatwas is implemented at the local wisdom which includes the consideration of: National Stability of Indonesia, the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI), Public Order, National Culture, and Legislation regulated in Indonesia.The research supports the thought of the contextualist group which is represented by Sahal Mahfudh, Ali Yafie and Munawar Chalil; both of them echo the contextual relationship between fiqh and the aspects of Indonesian people’s life. Also Muhammad Atho Mudzhar which states that the implementation of any Islamic law is the result of interaction between the jurist or mufti with his sociocultural and sociopolitical environment. Musfirin al-Qahtani as well states the importance of istinbat methodology in facing the development of the contemporary Islamic law (fiqh) by standing on the shariah arguments, the fiqh formulas (qaidah fiqhiyyah), takhrij, and maqasid al-shari‘ah.