bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative studies on physicochemical properties, volatile flavor substances and microbial community of Mianning ham at different altitudes
Authors: Zeng Qianhui , Ji Lili , Wang Wei , Zhang Jiamin , Bai Ting , Gan Ling , Chen Lin
Published: February 2025

Background

This study explores the impact of varying altitudes on the quality characteristics of Mianning ham.

Methods

By utilizing Solid-Phase Microextraction—Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) technology and high-throughput sequencing techniques, the physicochemical properties, volatile flavor compounds, and shifts in microbial communities of Mianning ham at different altitudes were investigated.

Results

Ham’s water content, aw, pH, malondialdehyde content,and nitrite content at high altitudes were higher, while the salt content of ham at low altitudes was higher. 112 volatile compounds were identified in ham fermented for 0, 1, and 2 years at low altitude and high altitude, and the volatile compounds in ham at high altitude were more abundant than those in ham at low altitude. The main flavor compounds were 1-octene-3-ol, Nonyl aldehyde, Octanal, and 15 other volatile compounds. At the phylum level, the dominant bacteria were Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, and the fungus was Basidiomycota. Staphylococcus was the dominant bacterium at the genus level, and Aspergillus was the dominant fungus.The correlation analysis of microorganisms and volatile flavor substances showed that Cobetia promoted the formation of Benzaldehyde in ham at low altitudes. In contrast, Kocuria promoted the formation of 1-Octanol, Heptanol,1-Butanol, 2-Heptanone, 3-Hydroxy-2-butanone, Octanal, and Hexanal in ham at high altitudes.

Discussion

There were obvious differences in the quality of Mianning ham between the two altitudes.
Akinetopsia: a systematic review on visual motion blindness
Authors: Browne Johanna L. , Krabbendam Lydia , Blom Jan Dirk
Published: February 2025

Background

Akinetopsia, or visual motion blindness, is a perceptual distortion characteristic of Alice in Wonderland syndrome in which people see moving objects as disjointed ‘jumps’ or ‘freeze frames.’ Despite its profound impact, the condition remains poorly understood beyond the established centrality of cortical area V5/MT in visual motion perception.

Methods

We carried out a systematic review of case descriptions on motion blindness, including those where additional symptoms were described.

Results

Our search yielded data on 25 clinical and 27 experimental cases, the latter induced by cortical stimulation. Of the clinical cases, 12% showed hemiakinetopsia, 50% continuous or progressive symptoms, and 52% a chronic course. Pathophysiologically, in right-handed individuals, the left area V5/MT was found to be particularly susceptible to acute interference, as evidenced by the experimental studies. In contrast to earlier studies, we found a greater prevalence of right-hemispheric afflictions in clinical cases, suggesting that the right area V5/MT plays a more dominant role in motion perception. Bilateral lesions to V5/MT most often coincided with global akinetopsia and chronicity, although we found that the severity of the condition also depends on surviving components of the visual motion network as a whole, and—in line with the dynamic parallellism theory—the speed of moving objects. Aetiologically, most cases were associated with structural neurological conditions such as stroke and neurodegenerative disease, and fewer with intoxications or paroxysmal neurological disorders such as epilepsy. Treatments were mostly successful when they were aimed at the underlying condition, while cases due to organic lesions tended to be therapy-resistant. Although individual reports confirm that akinetopsia may have detrimental effects on people’s lives, data were insufficient for a proper analysis of such experiential aspects.

Conclusion

Phenomenologically, pathophysiologically, and etiologically, akinetopsia is more heterogeneous than previously thought. We provide recommendations for clinical practice and further scientific research.
The research progress on effective connectivity in adolescent depression based on resting-state fMRI
Authors: Deng Xuan , Cui Jiajing , Zhao Jinyuan , Bai Jinji , Li Junfeng , Li Kefeng
Published: February 2025

Introduction

The brain’s spontaneous neural activity can be recorded during rest using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), and intricate brain functional networks and interaction patterns can be discovered through correlation analysis. As a crucial component of rs-fMRI analysis, effective connectivity analysis (EC) may provide a detailed description of the causal relationship and information flow between different brain areas. It has been very helpful in identifying anomalies in the brain activity of depressed teenagers.

Methods

This study explored connectivity abnormalities in brain networks and their impact on clinical symptoms in patients with depression through resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and effective connectivity (EC) analysis. We first introduce some common EC analysis methods, discuss their application background and specific characteristics.

Results

EC analysis reveals information flow problems between different brain regions, such as the default mode network, the central executive network, and the salience network, which are closely related to symptoms of depression, such as low mood and cognitive impairment. This review discusses the limitations of existing studies while summarizing the current applications of EC analysis methods. Most of the early studies focused on the static connection mode, ignoring the causal relationship between brain regions. However, effective connection can reflect the upper and lower relationship of brain region interaction, and provide help for us to explore the mechanism of neurological diseases. Existing studies focus on the analysis of a single brain network, but rarely explore the interaction between multiple key networks.

Discussion

To do so, we can address these issues by integrating multiple technologies. The discussion of these issues is reflected in the text. Through reviewing various methods and applications of EC analysis, this paper aims to explore the abnormal connectivity patterns of brain networks in patients with depression, and further analyze the relationship between these abnormalities and clinical symptoms, so as to provide more accurate theoretical support for early diagnosis and personalized treatment of depression.
Efficacy of electroacupuncture for insomnia in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Xiaodong , Xu Ning , Wang Shangpei , Jia Qingjun
Published: February 2025

Background

Insomnia is a prevalent symptom among cancer patients. Electroacupuncture (EA) has been widely applied in managing sleep disorders, particularly in cancer patients or those experiencing insomnia.

Objectives

This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture for treating cancer-related insomnia.

Methods

Two independent reviewers conducted comprehensive searches across multiple databases, including EMBASE, Web of Science, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Wanfang Digital Journals, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and the VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals. The search was completed on April 28, 2024. The reviewers independently performed literature screening, data extraction, and risk of bias (ROB) assessment using the revised Cochrane ROB tool. Data were analyzed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 15.0 software.

Results

Eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 550 patients (305 in the experimental group and 245 in the control group) were included. EA significantly reduced Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores (SMD = −0.86, 95% CI [−1.24, −0.49], p < 0.001), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scores (SMD = −1.14, 95% CI [−1.59, −0.69], p < 0.001), sleep latency (SL) (SMD = −0.48, 95% CI [−0.73, −0.23], p < 0.001), and sleep disturbance (SDB) (SMD = −0.44, 95% CI [−0.73, −0.16], p = 0.002). EA also significantly lowered Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety (HADS-Anxiety) scores (SMD = −0.59, 95% CI [−0.91, −0.26], p < 0.001) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression (HADS-Depression) scores (SMD = −0.73, 95% CI [−1.06, −0.40], p < 0.001), while increasing total sleep time (TST) (SMD = 0.65, 95% CI [0.14, 1.17], p = 0.013). No significant differences were observed in the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), sleep duration (SD), sleep efficiency (SE), or sleep quality (SQ) scores between the EA and control groups.

Conclusion

Electroacupuncture has shown promising potential in treating cancer-related insomnia by increasing total sleep time and reducing sleep disturbances. However, additional high-quality studies are necessary to validate these findings.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=567567, Identifier CRD42024567567.
A network medicine approach to investigating ME/CFS pathogenesis in severely ill patients: a pilot study
Authors: Hung Li-Yuan , Wu Chan-Shuo , Chang Chia-Jung , Li Peng , Hicks Kimberly , Dibble Joshua J. , Morrison Braxton , Smith Chimere L. , Davis Ronald W. , Xiao Wenzhong
Published: February 2025

This pilot study harnessed the power of network medicine to unravel the complex pathogenesis of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS). By utilizing a network analysis on whole genome sequencing (WGS) data from the Severely Ill Patient Study (SIPS), we identified ME/CFS-associated proteins and delineated the corresponding network-level module, termed the SIPS disease module, together with its relevant pathways. This module demonstrated significant overlap with genes implicated in fatigue, cognitive disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. Our pathway analysis revealed potential associations between ME/CFS and conditions such as COVID-19, Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection, neurodegenerative diseases, and pathways involved in cortisol synthesis and secretion, supporting the hypothesis that ME/CFS is a neuroimmune disorder. Additionally, our findings underscore a potential link between ME/CFS and estrogen signaling pathways, which may elucidate the higher prevalence of ME/CFS in females. These findings provide insights into the pathogenesis of ME/CFS from a network medicine perspective and highlight potential therapeutic targets. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore their implications for improving diagnosis and treatment.
Pan-caspase inhibitor protects against noise-induced hearing loss in a rodent model
Authors: Yepes Maria Fernanda , Minesinger Kayla , Raciti Federica M. , Salazar Maria Camila , Rajguru Suhrud M.
Published: February 2025

Background

Despite the high prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), no effective treatments exist currently. Underlying mechanisms behind NIHL include elevated reactive oxygen species and inflammation, all which ultimately lead to cellular apoptosis. Z-VAD-FMK, an apoptosis inhibitor, has demonstrated protective effects against cochlear hair cells exposed to ototoxic agents; however, its potential for treating NIHL remains unexplored. This study assessed the efficacy of Z-VAD-FMK as a therapeutic for noise-induced cochlear injury in a rodent model.

Methods

Rodents were assigned to one of four groups: (1) unexposed, (2) noise-exposed, (3) noise + vehicle, and (4) noise + Z-VAD-FMK. Noise delivery consisted of 1 h of 110 dB continuous white-noise, with Z-VAD-FMK administered intraperitoneally 6 h afterward. Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs), cochlear hair cell density, and protein levels were evaluated post-interventions.

Results

Noise exposure caused a permanent threshold shift across all frequencies, with minimal recovery by day 28. However, post-exposure treatment with Z-VAD-FMK significantly mitigated ABR threshold, amplitudes, and latencies shifts particularly at low and mid frequencies. Treatment rescued outer hair cells across middle and basal cochlear turns and reduced caspase-9 and IL-1β levels, as indicated by protein analysis.

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that a single intraperitoneal injection of Z-VAD-FMK can partially mitigate cochlear dysfunction induced by acoustic overexposure in a rodent model, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic intervention for NIHL.
Case report: Bevacizumab-induced cerebrovascular events: a case series report and literature review
Authors: Chen Ke , Jiang Boyang , Yan Huiping , Yang Liu , Chen Zheling
Published: February 2025

In clinical use, bevacizumab has improved the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of malignant solid tumors, and the safe use of bevacizumab has gradually become the mainstream direction of clinical, nursing and pharmaceutical research. Bevacizumab is a humanized anti-VEGF drug. By binding to VEGF, it loses the opportunity to activate VEGFR and then plays an anti-angiogenic role. In addition, more and more studies have emphasized the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab in the treatment of brain metastases from solid tumors. Bevacizumab has its advantages in terms of crossing the blood-brain barrier, increasing radiosensitivity, and reducing radiation-induced brain edema. However, VEGF can maintain the normal function of vascular endothelial cells. Blocking the VEGF pathway can lead to endothelial dysfunction, and the anti-VEGF mechanism of bevacizumab will inevitably lead to a series of thrombotic events and bleeding events. This study reported six cases of cerebrovascular accidents, including ischemic stroke and cerebral hemorrhage, after bevacizumab use. At the same time, this study reviewed the related studies of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents caused by bevacizumab, and analyzed the management of such bevacizumab-related adverse events. We put forward our own views on the early identification and long-term management of adverse events, as well as the subsequent reuse of bevacizumab, hoping to provide more basis for the management of clinical bevacizumab application.
Efficacy and safety of transanal endoscopic microsurgery for early rectal cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Chunqiang , Huang Tianye , Wang Xuebing
Published: February 2025

Background

The gold standard for the treatment of rectal cancer is radical surgery with total mesorectal excision (TME). As one of the alternatives to radical surgery, local resection has been proposed for the treatment of early rectal cancer. The purpose of this article was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) in the treatment of early rectal cancer.

Methods

By searching the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases, we selected all articles on TEM for early rectal cancer. Two researchers independently completed the entire process from screening, inclusion to data extraction and performed statistical analysis using RevMan 5.3. The primary outcomes included basic patient characteristics, overall survival rate, disease-free survival rate, disease-specific survival rate, recurrence rate, and complication rate and type.

Results

A total of 33 articles were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that the overall survival rate was 100% for T0 stage, 98.1% for Tis (carcinoma in situ) stage, and 80.2% for early stage rectal cancer patients (83.9% for T1 and 72.4% for T2). The weighted overall survival rate was 94% (RD = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.93–0.95, I2 = 80%, P < 0.00001) for all stage patients, the weighted disease-free survival rate was 91% (RD = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.90–0.93, I2 = 83%, P < 0.00001), and the disease-specific survival rate was 97% (RD = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.96–0.98, I2 = 63%, P < 0.00001). The recurrence rate was 0.5% for T0 stage, 1.9% for Tis stage, and 11.9% for early stage rectal cancer patients (8.1% for T1 and 19.7% for T2). The weighted recurrence rate was 7% (RD = 0.07, 95% CI = 0.06–0.08, I2 = 69%, P < 0.00001) for all stage patients. The weighted complications rate was 11% (RD = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.10–0.12, I2 = 66%, P < 0.00001) for all stage patients, with Clavien-Dindo grade I accounting for 77.7%, Clavien-Dindo grade II accounting for 8%, and Clavien-Dindo grade III accounting for 14.3%.

Conclusion

The results showed that TEM has a high postoperative survival rate, low recurrence rate, and low complication rate in the T0 stage, Tis stage, and T1 stage, indicating its good safety and efficacy. For the treatment of T2 stage, TEM has a lower overall survival rate and a higher recurrence rate. Our meta-analysis results suggest that TEM alone is not recommended as a curative treatment for T2 stage; on the contrary, TME is more frequently recommended.
A comprehensive review of Schisandrin B’s preclinical antitumor activity and mechanistic insights from network pharmacology
Authors: Fang Yanhua , Pan Juan , Wang Piao , Wang Ruoyu , Liang Shanshan
Published: February 2025

As an active constituent in the extract of dried fruits of Schisandra chinensis, Schisandrin B exhibits diverse pharmacological effects, including liver protection, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant. Numerous studies have demonstrated that Schisandrin B exhibits significant antitumor activity against various malignant tumors in preclinical studies, which is achieved by inhibiting cell proliferation and metastasis and promoting apoptosis. As a potential antitumor agent, Schisandrin B holds broad application prospects. This review systematically elaborates on the antitumor effect of Schisandrin B and the related molecular mechanism, and preliminarily predicts its antitumor targets by network pharmacology, thereby pave the way for further research, development, and clinical application.
Exploring the multi-targeted mechanism of Saikosaponin A in prostate cancer treatment: a network pharmacology and molecular docking approach
Authors: Zhu Genbao , Jiang Zhiming , Zhu Niuping , Wang Donghui , Guo Tianpeng , Meng Yiqing , Zhu Yi , Tan Kemeng , Hu Mengxue , Tang Heng , Wang Xuannian
Published: February 2025

Background

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the prevalent malignant tumors among men. It can progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which is significantly more challenging to treat. Saikosaponin A (SSA), a triterpenoid saponin extracted from the genus Bupleurum, exerts numerous pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic effects. However, the mechanism underlying the effects of SSA in prostate cancer treatment remains elusive.

Methods

In this study, a network pharmacology approach was applied to identify relevant targets from drug- and disease-related databases, and intersections were analyzed using Venny2.1 to construct a Protein-Protein interaction (PPI) interaction network. Next, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed to elucidate associated biological functions and signaling pathways. Meanwhile, molecular docking between core targets and SSA was performed using Autodock software. Lastly, in vitro experiments were performed for validation.

Results

A least of four key targets, namely BCL2 apoptosis regulator (BCL2), estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 subunit alpha (HIF1A), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) were identified in this study, and molecular docking analyses revealed that SSA stably binds to these targets. Moreover, the results of in vitro experiments revealed that SSA significantly inhibited the proliferative and migratory abilities of PC3 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, SSA also induced G1-phase blockade and apoptosis in PC3 cells, further highlighting its potential role in prostate cancer treatment.

Conclusion

The present study revealed that SSA exerts anti-tumorigenic effects in prostate cancer by targeting multiple pathways, laying a theoretical reference for its use as a therapeutic candidate for prostate cancer.
Spiritual tech and democracy: initial ethical reflections
Authors: Tretter Max
Published: February 2025

The relationship between religion and democracy is ambivalent, with religion either able to strengthen democracy or significantly threaten it. With the “digital turn” in religion and the growing prevalence of spiritual tech—such as digital religious platforms, apps specialized on spirituality, and religious chatbots powered by Artificial Intelligence—this relationship becomes even more intricate. In this Perspective, I will explore the fundamental relationship between religion and democracy and then outline the different ways in which spiritual tech can influence democratic processes. I will demonstrate that there are currently no legitimate national or international measures in place to limit the democracy-threatening potential of spiritual tech. To address this gap, I propose introducing a structured review process designed to actively promote spiritual tech that supports and strengthens democratic values.
Gesture sonification for enhancing agency: an exploratory study on healthy participants
Authors: Schoeller Felix , Ashur Parham , Larralde Joseph , Le Couedic Clement , Mylapalli Rajeev , Krishnanandan Karthikeyan , Ciaunica Anna , Linson Adam , Miller Mark , Reggente Nicco , Adrien Vladimir
Published: February 2025

Background

Body awareness (BA) and proprioception, which are essential components of the sense of agency (SA), are often altered in various mental disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the relationship between BA, proprioception, and SA, as well as the methods to manipulate them, remain unclear. This study explored using real-time gesture sonification (GS), i.e., wearable technology transforming body movements into sounds, to enhance proprioception, BA, and thus the SA.

Methods

In this within-subjects design, 17 healthy adults (mean age = 25.5 years) with varying dance expertise (novice, amateur, expert) improvised movements to match sounds with and without auditory feedback from motion sensors on wrists/ankles modulated by their gestures. BA, immersion, pleasure, and self-efficacy were measured.

Results

Sonification significantly increased body awareness, reward, and immersion (all p < 0.05).

Conclusion

GS can enhance BA and the SA, pleasure, and control during physical activity. This highlights potential mental health applications, such as agency-based therapies for PTSD. Manipulating bodily perception could improve symptoms and embodiment. Further research should replicate this in clinical populations and explore neurocognitive mechanisms.
A preliminary study on the relationship between symptom severity and age of diagnosis in females versus males with autistic spectrum disorder
Authors: Sánchez-Pedroche Alberto , Aguilar-Mediavilla Eva , Valera-Pozo Mario , Adrover-Roig Daniel , Valverde-Gómez Magdalena
Published: February 2025

In the latest autism observation, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is more frequently diagnosed in males than in females. Efforts have been made in recent years to detect specific clinical patterns in females, improving their detection and diagnosis. Despite advancements, there are still challenges in detecting ASD in females. This preliminary study explores whether the age at the time of diagnosis of ASD in females is related to a higher severity index compared to male participants. A total of 202 participants (52 females; M = 5.51) in Spain underwent ADOS-2 assessment for ASD clinical severity. The results indicate a significant inverse association between the severity index and the age of diagnosis, which was independent of sex. Despite this, the present results revealed that the age at diagnosis was higher in females compared to males. Further analyses also revealed a tendency toward higher severity levels in females. Factors contributing to this difference in the age of diagnosis of ASD between females and males are discussed concerning the presumed differential characteristics of ASD in females.
The effects of the image attributes of golf star athletes supported by adult amateur golfers on sports participation desire and continuation intention
Authors: Yang Ji-Hye , Kim Ga Young , Yang Hye Jin , Choi Chulhwan , Bum Chul-Ho
Published: February 2025

The image attributes of sports star athletes demonstrate positive effects on sports fans' psychological factors. In the context of golf, fans are also influenced by the players they support, experiencing a range of emotions. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of the image attributes of golf star athletes—supported by adult amateur golfers—on the desire for sports participation and the intention to continue. This study involved 356 adult amateur golfers in Korea (253 male, 103 female). Questionnaires were used to measure participants' perceptions of image attributes, their desire for sports participation, and their intention to continue participating in the sport. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, validity and reliability, and multiple regression analyses. First, the image attributes factors (physical appearance, performance ability, and moral image) all had a significant effect on both the desire for sports participation and the intention to continue participating in the sport. However, performance ability did not impact affective desire. Second, while cognitive and behavioral desires significantly influenced the intention to continue participating, affective desire did not have an effect. In conclusion, fans identify diverse athletes' images (e.g., physical appearance, performance, and personality) through attending or watching sports games, and positive sports star image attributes enhance sports fandom, participation desire, and continuation intention. The results of this study indicate a close relationship between golf fans' perceptions of players' image attributes and their psychological factors. These findings could help improve fans' quality of life and provide valuable insights for understanding their fandom.
Psychological assessment and support in functional neurological disorder: a longitudinal study
Authors: Radin Yvonne , Bulfon Matteo , Caruso Paola , Barbi Egidio , Manganotti Paolo , Clarici Andrea
Published: February 2025

In the Department of Neuroscience in Clinical Neurological unit of our hospital, between 2020 and 2024, 58 adult patients were diagnosed with functional neurological disorder (FND). Out of these, 42 patients agreed to participate in a structured intervention consisting of 10 sessions of psychotherapy. This study aimed to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patient cohort, examine their reported symptoms, and evaluate the effectiveness and adherence to the psychotherapy program. The Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (ANPS) were administered to assess the affective states of the patients, while the Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure (SWAP-200) was used to evaluate their main personality style. A central objective of the research was to explore patterns or correlations between self-reported data from the patients and the evaluations completed by their therapists. This comparison sought to identify any alignment or discrepancies in the perception of symptoms and therapeutic progress, as measured by both the ANPS and SWAP-200 scales. The study’s preliminary findings are reported to provide valuable insights into the impact of psychotherapeutic interventions for FND, including an understanding of the degree to which patient self-reports correspond with clinical assessments. These results will inform the optimization of treatment strategies and enhance patient outcomes by integrating patient feedback with clinical evaluations. The research contributes to the broader knowledge of FND management, emphasizing the importance of aligning patient and therapist perspectives in the therapeutic process.
Association analysis of suicide risk assessed with Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interviews’ Suicidality Module in adolescents with non suicidal self injury disorder
Authors: Geng Shuo , Zhang Wen , Gao Xiang , Qu Lele , Zheng Xueping , Sun Jian , Xu Mingdong , Lin Hua , Jia Xueyu , Zhang Xu
Published: February 2025

Objective

Many adolescents with non suicidal self injury disorder have suicidal ideation. However, the specific characteristics of adolescents with NSSI-D that contribute to high suicide risk remain unclear. This study observes the association between depressive and anxiety symptoms and suicide risk among adolescents with non suicidal self injury disorder, and explores the mechanism underlying the high risk of suicide in this population.

Method

Adolescents with non suicidal self injury disorder and their parents from a psychiatric outpatient clinic were selected to conduct paper questionnaires to measure their sociodemographic conditions. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interviews’ Suicidality Module(MINISM) was used to assess suicide risk of participants. The Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS), and Piers-Harris Children’s Self-Concept Scale(PHCSS) were used to measure depressive and anxiety symptoms, and self-concept of adolescents with non suicidal self injury disorder. According to the high suicide risk cutoff value of MINISM, the sample was divided into high suicide risk group and non-high suicide risk group. We performed descriptive and correlation statistical and network analysis to study the types of depressive and anxiety symptoms associated with suicide risk and the mechanism underlying suicide risk among non suicidal self injury disorder adolescents.

Results

A total of 112 non suicidal self injury disorder adolescent participants were included in this study. Severe depressive symptoms(OR=8.205, 95%CI=3.454-19.490) and severe anxiety symptoms(OR=3.926, 95%CI=1.613-9.554) are associated with a high risk of suicide. The father’s college/university education(p<0.01) is associated with severe anxiety symptoms, and low self-concept(p<0.01) is associated with severe depressive symptoms. Network analysis suggests the centrality of anxiety symptoms and father’s education level.

Conclusion

The results of statistical analysis suggest that severe depressive symptoms are related to the high risk of suicide (based on MINISM) in adolescents with NSSI-D statistical significantly, and anxiety symptoms and low self-concept are associated with depressive symptoms in NSSI-D adolescents. Interventions targeting anxiety symptoms in adolescents with NSSI-D may help reduce their suicide risk.
Consumption, relative deprivation and mental health: evidence from hedonic consumption
Authors: Li Hao , Zeng Weihong
Published: February 2025

Introduction

In recent years, relative deprivation related to consumption has sparked intense debate, particularly as the COVID-19 pandemic caused incalculable economic losses worldwide. However, the relationship between relative deprivation related to consumption and mental health remains largely unexplored. This study investigates how both vertical (household-level) and horizontal (household-to-household) relative deprivation related to consumption affect mental health, with a focus on hedonic consumption, and identifies underlying channels and moderating factors.

Methods

We analyze data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) covering 88,144 observations from 2010 to 2018. Hedonic consumption is measured through expenditure on items such as jewelry, antiques, and entertainment, while consumption inequality is assessed using the Kakwani index. Mental health is evaluated using the CES-D and Kessler 6 scales. Ordinary least squares (OLS) and two-stage least squares (2SLS) methods are employed.

Results

Our findings show that reductions in hedonic consumption negatively impact mental health, with involuntary and sudden declines resulting in more pronounced deterioration. Furthermore, greater consumption inequality exacerbates mental health issues, and perceived unfair treatment amplifies this effect. Additionally, self-perception and trust levels are identified as key channels through which these effects. Furthermore, cultural variations and social capital are moderating roles to diminish the adverse mental health.

Conclusion

This study advances our understanding of how relative deprivation related to consumption affects mental health and offers valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners aiming to address these challenges.
Status and influencing factors of health literacy among college students of traditional Chinese medicine: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhu Jie , Lin Cuixia , Yang Yanhui , Yao Rui , Yang Ran , Jiang Mingqian
Published: February 2025

Background

College students, as the future strength of national development, have a high level of health literacy in line with the goal of “Healthy China”, but the current research found that the health literacy level of college students is uneven and needs to be improved, and there is still a lack of research on the health literacy of students in colleges and universities of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Therefore, this study aims to assess the health literacy level of students in TCM colleges and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide a basis for implementing effective health literacy intervention measures and building healthy schools.

Methods

Using the convenient sampling method, 925 college students in a TCM university in Shandong Province were selected to conduct an online electronic questionnaire survey using “Questionnaire Star” from December 2022 to March 2023. SPSS 22.0 software was used to process and analyze the data. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to analyze the general data of the respondents, chi-square test was used to compare the count data between groups, and Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of health literacy.

Results

The health literacy level of TCM college students was 57.30%. Among the three aspects of health literacy, the level from high to low was: healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy (65.41%), health skill literacy (58.70%) and basic knowledge and concept literacy (53.62%). Among the six categories of health literacy, the level of scientific health literacy (79.68%) was the highest, followed by safety and first aid literacy (72.86%), health information literacy (61.62%), basic medical literacy (61.30%), chronic disease prevention literacy (60.11%) and infectious disease prevention literacy (40.86%). The results of multifactorial logistic regression analyses showed that females (AOR: 1.92; 95%CI: 1.40–2.62), college seniors (AOR: 2.02; 95%CI: 1.01–4.05), never smokers (AOR: 2.99; 95%CI: 1.57–5.72), and awareness of the concept of “health literacy” (AOR: 1.54; 95%CI: 1.11–2.13) were protective factors for health literacy, and the health literacy level of students in TCM colleges and universities was statistically significantly positively correlated with their health literacy level (p < 0.050).

Conclusion

Compared with most studies at home and abroad, the overall level of health literacy among students of TCM colleges is high. The healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy of students in TCM colleges is better than knowledge and skill literacy, which is manifested as the separation of knowledge and practice. Gender, grade, smoking or not, being aware of the concept of “health literacy” are the influencing factors of health literacy level of students in TCM colleges.
Dual feature-based and example-based explanation methods
Authors: Konstantinov Andrei , Kozlov Boris , Kirpichenko Stanislav , Utkin Lev , Muliukha Vladimir
Published: February 2025

A new approach to the local and global explanation based on selecting a convex hull constructed for the finite number of points around an explained instance is proposed. The convex hull allows us to consider a dual representation of instances in the form of convex combinations of extreme points of a produced polytope. Instead of perturbing new instances in the Euclidean feature space, vectors of convex combination coefficients are uniformly generated from the unit simplex, and they form a new dual dataset. A dual linear surrogate model is trained on the dual dataset. The explanation feature importance values are computed by means of simple matrix calculations. The approach can be regarded as a modification of the well-known model LIME. The dual representation inherently allows us to get the example-based explanation. The neural additive model is also considered as a tool for implementing the example-based explanation approach. Many numerical experiments with real datasets are performed for studying the approach. A code of proposed algorithms is available. The proposed results are fundamental and can be used in various application areas. They do not involve specific human subjects and human data.
Experimental application of gliders communication system in South China Sea
Authors: Jia Shuyang , Liu Baoheng , Zou Sichen , Zhang Xiaochuan
Published: February 2025

Utilizing the motion characteristics of underwater gliders, a water acoustic communication system based on heterogeneous gliders was designed. The system consists of a surface wave glider and an acoustic underwater glider, which are respectively equipped with ultra-short baseline and acoustic modulation and demodulation devices. Real-time data transmission is performed using underwater acoustic communication equipment. The glider consists of three cabins connected in sequence and is capable of diving to a depth of over 1,000 m. Two acoustic transducers are fixed separately at the bow and stern of the underwater glider to ensure that the energy transmission range and angle remain consistent to the surface wave energy glider even if the glider’s attitude changes. The underwater acoustic communication equipment is installed in the cabin and has a standby power consumption of only 5 mW. To verify the feasibility of this integration method, an offshore test was conducted in the South China Sea. The test results show that the underwater glider can perform reliable acoustic communication over a distance of over 5 km. This study demonstrates the potential wide-ranging applications of acoustic underwater gliders in underwater sound measurement and collaborative networks, etc.
An analysis of the role of different levels of exchange of explicit information in human–robot cooperation
Authors: San Martin Ane , Kildal Johan , Lazkano Elena
Published: February 2025

For smooth human–robot cooperation, it is crucial that robots understand social cues from humans and respond accordingly. Contextual information provides the human partner with real-time insights into how the robot interprets social cues and what action decisions it makes as a result. We propose and implement a novel design for a human–robot cooperation framework that uses augmented reality and user gaze to enable bidirectional communication. Through this framework, the robot can recognize the objects in the scene that the human is looking at and infer the human’s intentions within the context of the cooperative task. We proposed three levels of exchange of explicit information designs, each providing increasingly more information. These designs enable the robot to offer contextual information about what user actions it has identified and how it intends to respond, which is in line with the goal of cooperation. We report a user study (n = 24) in which we analyzed the performance and user experience with the three different levels of exchange of explicit information. Results indicate that users preferred an intermediate level of exchange of information, in which users knew how the robot was interpreting their intentions, but where the robot was autonomous to take unsupervised action in response to gaze input from the user, needing a less informative action from the human’s side.
Unilateral baseball pitching: morphological and functional adaptations in the neck muscles
Authors: Rahnama Leila , Acik Ceren , Dy Christine , Keslacy Stefan
Published: February 2025

Background

Functional asymmetry and muscle imbalances are recognized as contributors to injury risk in athletes. Sports with repetitive unilateral movements such as baseball pitching can lead to adaptations in shoulder and scapular muscles. There is a lack of research on whether these movements result in neck muscle alterations. Understanding potential asymmetries in neck musculature could provide valuable insights into athletes’ performance and injury prevention strategies.

Methods

A total of 14 collegiate baseball pitchers and 15 controls voluntarily participated in this study. Bilateral dorsal neck muscle thickness, stiffness, neck range of motion (ROM), neck repositioning error, and extensor strength were measured, and the asymmetry between the two groups was compared. Rehabilitative ultrasound imaging was used to assess muscle thickness and stiffness. An inclinometer and a dynamometer were utilized to evaluate neck ROM and strength, respectively.

Results

The mean age of the baseball pitchers and controls was 21.86 ± 1.6 and 25.87 ± 5.10 years, respectively. A significantly greater thickness of the splenius capitis on the non-dominant side was observed in baseball pitchers [p = 0.029, effect size (ES) = 0.857], whereas controls demonstrated symmetrical muscle thickness in all dorsal neck muscles. Pitchers exhibited higher neck extensor maximal voluntary contraction compared to controls (p = 0.017, ES = 0.926). Controls showed more bilateral differences in muscle stiffness in the splenius capitis and the semispinalis cervicis, although statistical asymmetry was not demonstrated.

Conclusion

The cervical multifidus muscles showed bilateral symmetry despite the unilateral throwing motion in baseball pitching. However, unilateral neck rotation toward the non-dominant side appears to contribute to greater thickness of the splenius capitis on the non-dominant side of pitchers.
Sport fans’ curiosity and impulsive buying: mediation of social media use intensity
Authors: Chen Chen-Yueh , Chou Ya-Lun , Lin Yi-Hsiu , Lin Yen-Kuang
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Sports fans' curiosity and impulsive buying tendencies are important topics in sports marketing, yet the mediating role of social media use intensity in linking these variables remains underexplored. Grounded in the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) theory, this study examines how social media use intensity mediates the relationship between sports fans' curiosity and impulsive buying behavior.

Methods

The study sampled 623 Taiwanese sports fans, including baseball and basketball enthusiasts, to investigate these relationships. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to test the proposed hypotheses, focusing on the mediating effect of social media use intensity.

Results

The results indicate that social media use intensity fully mediates the relationship between sports fans' curiosity and impulsive buying tendencies. This highlights the significant role of digital engagement in shaping consumer behavior among sports fans.

Discussion

These findings emphasize the importance of fostering social media engagement as a strategic tool in sports marketing. By transforming fans' curiosity into tangible purchasing behavior, this study provides valuable theoretical and practical contributions to understanding fan behavior and offers actionable recommendations for sports marketers seeking to enhance their marketing strategies in the digital era.
Green transition for vulnerable households? Insights from behavioral science on what works (and what doesn't)
Authors: Moleskis Melina , Solomou Pantelis , Ikinci Meltem , Zachariadis Theodoros
Published: February 2025

Energy poverty remains a pressing issue across Europe, particularly as the EU prepares to launch the Social Climate Fund in 2026. This paper serves as a review, drawing on behavioral science literature and existing evidence to provide actionable insights and practical guidance for policy-makers on designing and implementing grant schemes that effectively reach households vulnerable to energy poverty. Specifically, we identify cognitive and structural barriers—often overlooked in conventional policy approaches—that prevent vulnerable households from accessing or fully utilizing available financial support. While our recommendations are broadly applicable across the EU, we focus on the case of Cyprus, where energy poverty is high, and previous initiatives have faced significant challenges. By integrating behavioral insights into policy design, we aim to illustrate how grant schemes financed through the Social Climate Fund launching in 2026 can be made more accessible and effective for decision-makers of vulnerable households, ultimately paving the way for a more equitable and green transition.
Primary intracranial malignant melanoma in an adolescent: case report and literature review
Authors: Golden Nyoman , Kencana I Gusti Ketut Agung Surya , Lauren Christopher , Saputra Angky , Japardi Denny
Published: February 2025

Primary intracranial malignant melanoma (PIMM) is an exceedingly rare central nervous system tumor, accounting for only 1% of melanoma cases and 0.07% of primary CNS tumors, with limited documentation in adolescents. This case report describes an 18-year-old male who presented with a seizure, marking the onset of his symptoms. Following an emergency assessment, MRI identified a heterogeneous mass in the right parasagittal frontal region, initially misdiagnosed as a cystic meningioma. A craniotomy allowed for total tumor resection, and histopathological analysis revealed a malignant melanoma characterized by neoplastic cells with pronounced nuclear pleomorphism and significant mitotic activity. Postoperative evaluations, including a PET scan, confirmed no extracranial melanoma, affirming the diagnosis of primary CNS melanoma. The patient demonstrated no neurological deficits or seizures one year post-surgery and was managed with adjuvant radiotherapy. This report emphasizes the necessity of considering PIMM in differential diagnoses for seizures in young patients and highlights the importance of comprehensive diagnostic evaluations, including MRI and histopathology, in rare cases. Additionally, the findings underscore the critical role of complete surgical resection in improving outcomes, with adjuvant therapies potentially enhancing long-term management and surveillance. As PIMM presents with nonspecific symptoms, awareness among clinicians is essential for early detection and appropriate intervention, warranting further research to develop standardized treatment protocols and enhance understanding of this rare tumor's pathophysiology.
Contamination of Phthalic Acid Esters in China’s Agricultural Soils: Sources, Risk, and Control Strategies
Authors: Han Jin , Jiang Zhenying , Li Pengfei , Wang Jian , Zhou Xian
Published: February 2025

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs), as an emergent pollutant in China’s agricultural environment, have raised significant environmental and health concerns due to their persistence, bioaccumulation, and potential risks. This review explores the sources, distribution, ecological impacts, and human health risks associated with PAEs in agricultural soils and crop systems across China. PAEs primarily originate from agricultural plastic materials, wastewater irrigation, and agrochemical additives, leading to widespread contamination. Concentrations of PAEs vary significantly by region, with hotspots identified in areas with intensive agriculture and industrial activities. The transfer of PAEs from soil to crops is a critical pathway for human exposure, particularly through vegetables and grains, posing carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks. The review highlights the fate and transformation processes of PAEs, including adsorption, migration, volatilization, and microbial degradation, which influence their environmental behavior and risks. Effective risk control measures, such as microbial remediation and advancements in biodegradation technologies, offer sustainable solutions to mitigate PAE contamination. This study emphasizes the critical need for comprehensive monitoring systems, stringent regulatory frameworks, and the implementation of sustainable agricultural practices to effectively reduce PAE concentrations in soils, thereby safeguarding soil health, ensuring food safety, and protecting human health.