bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of quality indicators of transfer and transition in adolescents and young adults with congenital heart disease
Authors: Thomet Corina , Moons Philip , Schwerzmann Markus , Schwitz Fabienne
Published: October 2023

Background

Quality indicators are crucial in evaluating and comparing the quality of healthcare services. In the case of congenital heart disease, transition programmes for adolescents have been recommended to ensure uninterrupted healthcare and lifelong care. It is necessary to establish quality indicators in order to facilitate the evaluation of programme quality and to allow comparison between different centres. The objective of this study is therefore to develop a set of quality indicators for the transition of adolescents with congenital heart disease.

Methods

The RAND/UCLA appropriateness method was employed in a four-step process to develop a set of quality indicators. First, a literature search was conducted on the dimensions of transitional care, based on which a preliminary set of quality indicators was developed. Second, experts were contacted, and an expert panel was established. Third, the panel members were asked to rate the appropriateness of the quality indicators in a two-round process. Finally, in the fourth step, we evaluated the data by measuring the median and Disagreement Index.

Results

The expert panel consisted of 16 members, congenital cardiologists, nurses, transition experts, patients and research experts. The preliminary set of quality indicators comprised 16 items, categorized in process and structure criteria. Based on the panel’s feedback, the set was refined to 12 quality indicators, which were rated as relevant and feasible.

Conclusions

This study represents the first attempt to develop quality indicators for transitional care services for adolescents with congenital heart disease. The set of 12 quality indicators was developed based on existing evidence and expert opinion. Further testing is needed to assess the feasibility of these quality indicators in daily practice. If successfully implemented, these quality indicators could allow comparison and facilitate benchmarking of transitional care services for adolescents with congenital heart disease.
Zone 2/3 lesion and emergency repair as potential mortality predictors of TEVAR for thoracic aortic pseudoaneurysm
Authors: Wang Hui , Shu Chang , Wang Tun , He Hao , Li Xin , Li Quanming , Peng Yuan , Wang Lunchang , Sun Likun
Published: October 2023

Objective

Thoracic aortic pseudoaneurysm (TAP) is an uncommon but life-threatening condition. The present study aimed to investigate the early and midterm clinical outcome of TAP patients following TEVAR and identify potential mortality predictors.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed a series of 37 eligible patients with TAP admitted to our hospital from July 2010 to July 2020. We explored their baseline, perioperative and follow-up data. Fisher exact test and Kaplan–Meier method were applied for comparing difference between groups.

Results

There were 29 men and 12 women, with the mean age as 59.5 ± 13.0 years (range 30–82). The mean follow-up period was 30.7 ± 28.3 months (range 1–89). For early outcome (≤ 30 days), mortality happened in 3 (8.1%) zone 3 TAP patients versus 0 in zone 4 (p = 0.028); postoperative acute arterial embolism of lower extremity and type II endoleak respectively occurred in 1(2.7%) case. For midterm outcome, survival at 3 months, 1 year and 5 years was 88.8%, 75.9% and 68.3%, which showed significant difference between zone 2/3 versus zone 4 group (56.3% vs. 72.9%, p = 0.013) and emergent versus elective TEVAR group (0.0% versus 80.1%, p = 0.049). Previous stent grafting or esophageal foreign body with Aortoesophageal fistula (AEF), and systemic vasculitis, as etiologies, resulted in encouraging immediate outcome but worse midterm prognosis.

Conclusion

TAP lesions at zone 2/3 and emergent TEVAR predict worse midterm outcomes compared to zone 4 lesions and elective TEVAR. The outcomes are also mainly restricted by the etiology of the TAP.
Shifting drug markets in North America - a global crisis in the making?
Authors: Meyer Maximilian , Westenberg Jean N. , Jang Kerry L. , Choi Fiona , Schreiter Stefanie , Mathew Nickie , King Conor , Lang Undine E. , Vogel Marc , Krausz R. Michael
Published: October 2023

Understanding drug market dynamics and their underlying driving factors is paramount to developing effective responses to the overdose crisis in North America. This paper summarises the distinct drug market trends observed locally and internationally over the past decade to extrapolate future drug market trajectories. The emergence of fentanyl on North American street markets from 2014 onwards led to a shift of street drug use patterns. Previously perceived as contaminants, novel synthetic opioids became the drugs of choice and a trend towards higher potency was observed across various substance classes. The diversification of distribution strategies as well as the regionalisation and industrialisation of production followed basic economic principles that were heavily influenced by prosecution and policy makers. Particularly, the trend towards higher potency is likely most indicative of what to expect from future illicit drug market developments. Nitazenes and fentanyl-analogues, several times more potent than fentanyl itself, are increasingly detected in toxicological testing and have the potential of becoming the drugs of choice in the future. The dynamic of drug import and local production is less clear and influenced by a multitude of factors like precursor availability, know-how, infrastructure, and the success of local drug enforcement strategies. Drug market dynamics and the current trajectory towards ultrapotent opioids need to be recognised by legislation, enforcement, and the health care system to prepare effective responses. Without significant improvements in treatment access, the implementation of preventative approaches and early warning systems, the mortality rate will continue to increase. Furthermore, there is no mechanism in place preventing the currently North American focused overdose crisis to spread to other parts of the globe, particularly Europe. A system of oversight, research, and treatment is needed to address mortality rates of historic proportions and prevent further harm.
Predicting the distribution of Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor reticulatus in Europe: a comparison of climate niche modelling approaches
Authors: Noll Madeleine , Wall Richard , Makepeace Benjamin L. , Newbury Hannah , Adaszek Lukasz , Bødker René , Estrada-Peña Agustín , Guillot Jacques , da Fonseca Isabel Pereira , Probst Julia , Overgaauw Paul , Strube Christina , Zakham Fathiah , Zanet Stefania , Rose Vineer Hannah
Published: October 2023

Background

The ticksIxodes ricinusandDermacentor reticulatusare two of the most important vectors in Europe. Climate niche modelling has been used in many studies to attempt to explain their distribution and to predict changes under a range of climate change scenarios. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of different climate niche modelling approaches to explain the known distribution ofI. ricinusandD. reticulatusin Europe.

Methods

A series of climate niche models, using different combinations of input data, were constructed and assessed. Species occurrence records obtained from systematic literature searches and Global Biodiversity Information Facility data were thinned to different degrees to remove sampling spatial bias. Four sources of climate data were used: bioclimatic variables, WorldClim, TerraClimate and MODIS satellite-derived data. Eight different model training extents were examined and three modelling frameworks were used: maximum entropy, generalised additive models and random forest models. The results were validated through internal cross-validation, comparison with an external independent dataset and expert opinion.

Results

The performance metrics and predictive ability of the different modelling approaches varied significantly within and between each species. Different combinations were better able to define the distribution of each of the two species. However, no single approach was considered fully able to capture the known distribution of the species. When considering the mean of the performance metrics of internal and external validation, 24 models forI. ricinusand 11 models forD. reticulatusof the 96 constructed were considered adequate according to the following criteria: area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve > 0.7; true skill statistic > 0.4; Miller’s calibration slope 0.25 above or below 1; Boyce index > 0.9; omission rate < 0.15.

Conclusions

This comprehensive analysis suggests that there is no single ‘best practice’ climate modelling approach to account for the distribution of these tick species. This has important implications for attempts to predict climate-mediated impacts on future tick distribution. It is suggested here that climate variables alone are not sufficient; habitat type, host availability and anthropogenic impacts, not included in current modelling approaches, could contribute to determining tick presence or absence at the local or regional scale.

Graphical abstract
Severe asthma patient with secondary Citrobacter koseri abdominal infection: first case report and review of the literature
Authors: Xian Mo , Ji Xiaolong , Zhong Mingyu , Su Danhong , Guan Jing , Chen Ruchong
Published: October 2023

Citrobacter koseri (C. koseri) is a Gram-negative, motile, non-spore-forming facultative anaerobic bacillus belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. C. koseri typically utilizes citrate as the sole carbon source and constitutes part of the normal gastrointestinal flora in humans and animals. As an opportunistic pathogen, C. koseri infections are mainly observed in neonates, elderly individuals, and immunocompromised hosts. C. koseri has been one of the main etiological agents of neonatal meningitis and cerebral abscess. In recent years, an increasing number of cases have been reported in adults with severe infections caused by C. koseri. Here, we report for the first time a clinical case of concurrent C. koseri intra-abdominal infection in a patient with severe asthma and provide a brief review of the relevant literature. With this report, we hope to increase awareness and alertness among clinicians to the possibility of concurrent infection of gut commensal bacteria in asthmatic patients requiring long-term oral corticosteroid administration.
Tracking free-ranging sheep to evaluate interrelations between selective grazing, movement patterns and the botanical composition of alpine summer pastures in northern Italy
Authors: Wild Maria , Gauly Matthias , Zanon Thomas , Isselstein Johannes , Komainda Martin
Published: October 2023

Extensive sheep pasturing in alpine regions has a long tradition and fulfils numerous sociological, economic and ecological functions. The effects of sheep grazing on the floristic composition and vice versa depend on various factors. Knowledge of potential interrelations is crucial to developing adequate management systems to maintain pasture productivity and its unique biodiversity. The aim of the present study was to discuss the potential interrelations between movement and selective grazing behaviour of free-ranging unherded sheep and the botanical composition of high-altitude mountain pastures in northern Italy. General movement patterns were determined by using GPS tracking. The floristic composition of areas roamed by the sheep was analysed by collecting physical data during the summer of 2022. The energy content of ingested herbage biomass was determined based on faecal samples. Ranging between 2296 and 3015 m above sea level (a.s.l.), the average altitude used by the sheep was 2654 m a.s.l. Correlation analyses showed that the sheep used significantly higher altitudes with increasing temperature and sunshine duration and with decreasing air humidity and rainfall. A clear selective grazing behaviour was revealed, namely a preference for species with better nutritional attributes. Poa alpina was the most preferred species, while areas dominated by Nardus stricta were avoided. Furthermore, the sheep showed an uphill migration over the season, possibly caused by the delayed start of grassland growth at higher altitudes. Analyses of faecal samples revealed sufficient energy contents, presumably as a result of the targeted selection of nutritious plant species. Future studies should evaluate the feeding value of herbage on offer in order to validate the current results. The study highlights the opportunity of animal tracking in remote areas and provides indications for selective grazing of sheep under conditions of free choice.
Intravascular laser irradiation of blood as novel migraine treatment: an observational study
Authors: Chen Hsin-Hung , Lin Chun-Yu , Chen Shean-Jen , Huang Wan-Yun , Kuo Chien-Wei , Chang Shin-Tsu
Published: October 2023

Background

Migraine is one of four major chronic diseases that cause disability. Decreases in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) occur during migraine attacks. Laser therapy is extensively employed in treating other vascular diseases; nevertheless, its effectiveness in migraine management remains largely unknown. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of low-level intravascular laser irradiation of blood (ILIB) therapy in patients with migraine.

Methods

We performed an observational case–control study in 24 patients suffering from migraine. Patients were divided into an ILIB treatment group and a traditional rehabilitation group. This study performed clinical assessments and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) prior to and after the treatment and 1 month later. Changes in rCBF-SPECT between groups and between timepoints were compared to clinical outcomes.

Results

Nine patients undergoing rehabilitation and fifteen patients undergoing ILIB were studied from baseline to 1 month follow-up. The ILIB group, visual analog scale for pain (P = 0.001), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (P = 0.003), and Athens Insomnia Scale (P < 0.001) symptom scores significantly improved after treatment. SPECT imaging showed a 1.27 ± 0.27 fold increase in rCBF after ILIB treatment, and no significant differences in the rehabilitation group.

Conclusions

Low-level ILIB therapy is associated with better clinical and vascular outcomes, and may be a feasible treatment option for migraine. Although our sample size was small, our data provide a starting point for migraine laser therapy research.
Pathologically confirmed spontaneous regression of small cell lung cancer after computed tomography-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy followed by surgery
Authors: Goto Madoka , Fukumoto Koichi , Ichikawa Yasuhisa , Tsubouchi Hideki , Uchiyama Mika , Mori Shoichi
Published: October 2023

Background

Spontaneous regression of malignant tumors is a rare phenomenon, especially in primary lung cancer. The underlying mechanisms remain unclear, but they may often involve immunological mechanisms.

Case presentation

In January 2020, a 78-year-old female underwent examination during follow-up of interstitial pneumonia. Chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a 1.2 × 1.2 cm nodule in the left lower lobe. Based on CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB), it was diagnosed as small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Immunohistochemical staining showed that tumor cells were positive for CD56, synaptophysin, and chromogranin A. Twenty-three days after the CT-guided PTNB, repeat CT scan showed that the tumor size regressed to 0.6 × 0.6 cm. The tumor showed positive uptake in fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)–CT. The maximum standardized uptake value of the nodule was 2.24. PET–CT and enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed no distant or lymph node metastasis. The patient’s preoperative disease was diagnosed as cT1aN0M0, stageIA1, SCLC. In March 2020, she underwent left lower lobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection. Pathological examination of the resected specimen showed that the small tumor cells were dense with a high nucleus to cytoplasm ratio, and the morphological diagnosis was small cell carcinoma. The resected tumor size regressed to 0.05 × 0.02 cm, and no lymph node metastasis was observed. Because it was extremely small, immunohistochemical staining could not be conducted. Active fibrosis and inflammation were present around the tumor. Finally, the patient was pathologically diagnosed as SCLC pT1miN0M0, stage IA1. The patient is alive without recurrence 23 months after surgery with no adjuvant therapy.

Conclusions

We present a rare surgical case of pathologically confirmed spontaneous regression of SCLC after CT-guided PTNB. Although spontaneous regression is extremely rare, we should recognize this phenomenon.
Beyond Venice
Authors: Swartwood House Anna Christine
Published: October 2023

Studies of the View of Venice have often focused on its depiction of the islands of Venice proper —its careful rendering of specific sites and its evocative delphinic shape. Chapter 5 concentrates instead on the work’s margins, including the mountainous border that runs across its top three sheets. This often-overlooked mainland frontier contrasts with the city: a rural and undifferentiated landscape set against a meticulously differentiated urban center. Yet Jacopo de’ Barbari’s margins testify to the ambitions and scope of the View, particularly how it addresses a German clientele. The mainland towns identified along the margins—Marghera, Mestre, Treviso, and Serravalle—describe a sequence by which German merchants and pilgrims traveled between Venice and Germany. This essay considers how the Alpine landscape between southern Germany and Venice took on its own character around 1500 and suggests a method for studying early modern cartographic margins and their geographical and rhetorical integrity.
Jacopo de’ Barbari, a Wandering Court Artist in the North
Authors: Yoon Rangsook
Published: October 2023

Panegyrics on Jacopo de’ Barbari by his northern contemporaries, including Albrecht Dürer, suggest the depth of his influence and his role as a cultural mediator—a disseminator of Italian Renaissance artistic ideas to the Holy Roman Empire and Burgundian Netherlands. Nonetheless, twentieth-century art historians have largely discounted his critical importance as mere local or personal favoritism. Such criticism dismisses encomiasts’ parallels between de’ Barbari and Xeuxis while accepting praise of Dürer, Lucas Cranach, and Jan Gossart as the Apelles of their time. While considering critical works on the cultural exchanges between Italy and the North, chapter 11 places de’ Barbari’s artistic career in the contexts of early modern mobility and the situation of Renaissance court artists. It examines his presence in various northern courts as a fulcrum for spreading Renaissance artistic ideals and illustrates his role in conveying the artistic motifs and ideals of the Italian Renaissance to the North.
The Wellhead as an Amenity of Venetian Urban Space
Authors: Brown Patricia Fortini
Published: October 2023

The Venetian diarist Marin Sanudo observed: “Venice is in the water and has no water.” Indeed, the city had no source of fresh water other than the rain from heaven or barges from the mainland. The Venetians learned early on how to capture this precious natural resource by devising an ingenious system of water recovery, with cisterns hidden beneath almost every campo, cloister, and courtyard in the city. Each was topped by a vera da pozzo, or wellhead. Jacopo de’ Barbari depicts no less than fifty-seven such wellheads in Venice, the Giudecca, and Murano. Chapter 13 tracks the stylistic development of the wellhead over time until the construction of an aqueduct in the nineteenth century. The wellhead was then transformed from a utilitarian necessity into a collector’s item, with the finest examples dispersed to museums, parks, and private estates throughout the world.
Wifely Mobility in Renaissance Venice
Authors: Chojnacki Stanley
Published: October 2023

Addressing a traditional view of Renaissance Venetian society as unchanging, chapter 18 discusses two ways members of the ruling patriciate experienced variety and movement. One is the contrast between families that dwelt in certain neighborhoods for several generations and others that moved from parish to parish during individual lifetimes. The other way is the experience of married, and especially remarried, women, who moved from family to family propelled by the vicissitudes of their marital experience. Using examples from the patrician Venier and Vitturi clans, this essay argues that beneath its relative political stability, the Venetian regime witnessed changes that affected relations between families. The principal dynamic that fueled those changes was marriage, especially dowries, which altered property profiles of the families of both brides and grooms. Amplifying that structural dynamic of change was the unpredictable effect of personal relations between individual persons, especially spouses.
Epilogue
Authors: Cooper Tracy E.
Published: October 2023

This brief epilogue looks at the ways the View of Venice has been instrumentalized in historical practice and some of the consequences stemming from its pervasive meta-identity as a cartographic surrogate for the city in 1500. Contributors to the volume are discussed for new perspectives and deep engagement with the View as an object, advanced through the accompanying digital humanities project directed by the editor, Kristin Love Huffman, and on display in the 2017 exhibition at the Nasher Museum of Art at Duke University. New ultra-high-resolution scanning of the original allowed an enhanced vision evident in the close looking throughout the volume. This essay considers such advances in technology in the context of earlier published efforts, notably Alvise Zorzi’s evidence of a “lost Venice” in his project Venezia scomparsa (1971–), and the View’s position as a singular work that performed in the myth creation of the city.
Borderland Dreams
Authors: Kwon June Hee
Published: October 2023

In Borderland Dreams June Hee Kwon explores the trajectory of the “Korean dream” that has fueled the massive migration of Korean Chinese workers from the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in northeast China to South Korea since the early 1990s. Charting the interplay of bodies, money, and time, the ethnography reveals how these migrant workers, in the course of pursuing their borderland dreams, are transformed into a transnational ethnicized class. Kwon analyzes the persistent desire of Korean Chinese to “leave to live better” at the intersection between the neoliberalizing regimes of post-socialist China and post–Cold War South Korea. Scrutinizing the tensions and affinities among the Korean Chinese, North and South Koreans, and Han Chinese whose lives intertwine in the borderland, Kwon captures the diverse and multifaceted aspirations of Korean Chinese workers caught between the ascendant Chinese dream and the waning Korean dream.
The impact of body compositions on contrast medium enhancement in chest CT: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Henning Mette Karen , Aaløkken Trond Mogens , Martinsen Anne Catrine , Johansen Safora
Published: October 2023

Objective

To compare a fixed-volume contrast medium (CM) protocol with a combined total body weight (TBW) and body composition-tailored protocol in chest CT.

Methods and materials

Patients referred for routine contrast enhanced chest CT were prospectively categorised as normal, muscular or overweight. Patients were accordingly randomised into two groups; Group 1 received a fixed CM protocol. Group 2 received CM volume according to a body composition-tailored protocol. Objective image quality comparisons between protocols and body compositions were performed. Differences between groups and correlation were analysed using t-test and Pearson’s r.

Results

A total of 179 patients were included: 87 in Group 1 (mean age, 51 ± 17 years); and 92 in Group 2 (mean age, 52 ± 17 years). Compared to Group 2, Group 1 showed lower vascular attenuation in muscular (mean 346 Hounsfield unit (HU) vs 396 HU; p = 0.004) and overweight categories (mean 342 HU vs 367 HU; p = 0.12), while normal category patients showed increased attenuation (385 vs 367; p = 0.61). In Group 1, strongest correlation was found between attenuation and TBW in muscular (r = −.49, p = 0.009) and waist circumference in overweight patients (r = −.50, p = 0.005). In Group 2, no significant correlations were found for the same body size parameters. In Group 1, 13% of the overweight patients was below 250 HU (p = 0.053).

Conclusion

A combined TBW and body composition-tailored CM protocol in chest CT resulted in more homogenous enhancement and fewer outliers compared to a fixed-volume protocol.

Advances in knowledge

This is, to our knowledge, the first study to investigate the impact of various body compositions on contrast medium enhancement in chest CT.
Colour in Church Interiors, Medieval and Beyond
Authors: Randla Anneli , Hiiop Hilkka
Published: October 2023

Recent studies of churches of medieval origin in Estonia have shownthat these edifices have long histories of polychrome decorationboth before and after the Reformation. In this article, some aspectsof these colour schemes are discussed. Firstly, the question of thedecoration and redecoration of interiors during the Middle Ages isaddressed, secondly the authorship and technique of vernacularlookingmurals is discussed, and thirdly the geographical spreadof these decorations is analysed. In addition, post-medieval muralsare also examined.This article is based on fieldwork in Estonian medieval churchesconducted over a period of fifteen years by the staff and studentsof the Department of Conservation and Cultural Heritage at theEstonian Academy of Arts. Here mainly the results of work in thechurches at Koeru, Keila and Järva-Jaani is presented. Some otherchurches are also discussed for comparison.So far, medieval painted decoration has been found in around25 church interiors on the territory of present-day Estonia, i.e. inroughly a quarter of the medieval churches. Although the numberis not large, the finds allow us to draw some conclusions regardingthe spread of and networks behind these paintings.We can claim that as elsewhere in medieval (northern) Europe,medieval church interiors included at least some kind of painteddecoration. It seems likely that the first (and possibly in many casesthe only) colour scheme was provided by the builders. Especiallyin rural parishes, where no specialised guilds existed, it mighthave been difficult to employ professional painters, although notimpossible. Almost certainly the decoration was applied at the timeof plastering, when the mortar had not yet set and the scaffoldingwas still available.Historical records, surviving artworks and investigated interiorsdemonstrate that after the Reformation the Lutherans were less radical in transforming churches than were other Protestants: severalCatholic altar retables and statues were preserved, side altars werenot removed, etc. The churches were usually decorated with new,more modern murals and only whitewashed in many cases severalcenturies later.Gradually, church interiors became more monochrome, althoughnot necessarily white, something that has been associated with thespread of Pietistic ideas in the Lutheran church. However, the late 19thcentury brought a revival of colour to at least some churches. Thesecolourful, mainly Gothic revival interiors survived for only a shorttime and disappeared again when they were painted over everywhere.For example, in St Lawrence’s in Kuusalu, wall paintings dating fromthe period of the Gothic revival renovation of the medieval church(1899) were found and uncovered in 2021.
Migrant Church: Icons and Wall Paintings of the Wooden Church of St Nicholas in Hradec Králove
Authors: Kosiv Roksolana
Published: October 2023

The church of St Nicholas, which is now located on the territory ofJiráskovy sady Park in Hradec Králové, Czech Republic, was originallybuilt in the village of Habura (Slovakia). During the 2017 restoration,the iconostasis was dismantled, which made it possible to study thewall painting, preserved in fragments. The article examines the iconson the church walls, in the sanctuary and in the iconostasis, and thewall painting in the context of the activity of their authors. Most ofthe icons are attributed to the centre of church art in the town ofRybotychi (today the village of Rybotycze in Fredropol district ofthe Subcarpathian Voivodeship of Poland). In addition to the mannerof painting and of the frame carving of the icons, the history of thechurch’s relocation shows that it was originally built in the epicentreof the activity of these masters on the border of the Peremyshl (todaythe town of Przemyśl, Subcarpathian Voivodeship of Poland) andMukachevo (today a town in Ukraine) dioceses of the Ukrainian (thancalled Rus’ka) church. The chronology of the icon painting is relatedto the transfers and rededications of the church. The connectionof the wall painting with the painting style of the master Yakivof Rybotychi, who, as we assume, was the leading master of thiscentre in the 1670s and 1680s, is substantiated. Associated with hisauthorship are icons originating from the churches of Habura’sneighbouring villages. This confirms our hypothesis that the wallpainting was created in the 1670s. Church icons belong to masterswhose other works have been identified in museum collections andin churches in Slovakia, Poland and Ukraine.
THE WORLD OF VASTSELIINA ESTATE IN 1913
Authors: Spārītis Ojārs
Published: October 2023

The main subject of this article is a photo album created by ReinholdKarl von Liphardt Jr, an outstanding representative of the BalticGerman landed gentry in Estonia in the first half of the 20th century.In the early 1990s, the director of the “Bildarchiv Foto Marburg” ofthe Art History Institute of the Phillips University Marburg, Mrs.Brigitte Walbe made the duplicates of the photographic materialsfrom the collection of the Baltic German historian and genealogistGeorg von Krusenstjern available to the author of this article.The article classifies and analyses the 181 photographs pastedin the photo album which, with the highest degree of certainty,can be attributed to Reinhold Karl von Liphardt Jr. (1864–1940), theowner of Raadi, Vastseliina and several other estates. Judging by the

photographs in the album, it can be concluded that von Liphardt usedphotography as a means of enriching his emotionally saturated lifewith yet another means of artistic self-expression. The photographstaken in the period from the winter of 1912–1913 to the winter of1913–1914, convey an inordinate amount of visual information aboutthe landscape, architecture and society in the Vastseliina manor.Reinhold Karl von Liphardt’s photo album presents a series ofchronologically consecutive images and it is similar to a poetic “diaryin pictures”. Reinhold Karl von Liphardt used photography as aperfect means of documenting his ecocultural environment. Hislandscape photographs are characterized by great attention to detail.The cultural and sociological significance of the rural scenes in thephotographs is further increased by the presence of local people inthem. The Seto ethnic group lived in the estates of Reinhold Karlvon Liphardt and, thanks to their ethnographic uniqueness, drewthe attention of an educated landlord.The photos with individual and group portraits of therepresentatives of the Seto ethnic group are not only vivid evidenceof the Estonian culture in the first decades of the 20th century, butalso striking works of art, whose power of expression elevates themconsiderably above the emotionality and artistic effect of ReinholdKarl von Liphardt’s lyrical landscapes and idyllic family portraits.
OM Forum—In-Person or Virtual? What Will Operations Management/Research Conferences Look Like?
Authors: Cavallin Toscani Antonio , Atasu Atalay , Van Wassenhove Luk N. , Vinelli Andrea
Published: October 2023

Problem definition: We examine the environmental implications of shifting from in-person to virtual conference formats and identify the effects of such a shift on the value conferences provide to our societies. We extend work from other fields to present a more comprehensive comparison of the environmental impact and perceived value of different conference formats for the operations management/research communities. Methodology/results: We leverage a series of COVID-19–induced natural experiments to precisely evaluate the environmental footprint and societal value difference between in-person and virtual formats via life cycle assessment and survey techniques, respectively. Specifically, we focus on Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences, Production and Operations Management Society, and European Operations Management Association conferences that were conducted in both formats between 2019 and 2021. The environmental assessment reveals a huge impact reduction: for climate change, on average, from 941.9 kg CO2eq per person for in-person formats to 1.0 for virtual. The value assessment emphasizes, instead, a detrimental utility loss with the overall perceived value derived from attendance moving—on a scale from 0 to 10—on average, from 7.9 to 4.0. When investigating the drivers of conference valuation, virtual formats show some merits, such as lower perceived costs and the added value of flexibility. The preference for in-person formats is unambiguous though, justified by the large performance gap related to socialization and networking, the two most important value drivers identified by our analysis. Managerial implications: These results highlight an inherent trade-off between virtual and in-person conferences. To overcome it, we discuss four strategies as to how our societies can reduce their environmental footprints and remain true to their essential purpose: (1) reduce in-person impact, (2) improve virtual design, (3) hybrid and decentralized formats, and (4) revise conferencing model and societies’ role.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0591 .
The rehabilitation of cognitive impairment following stroke: a commentary on a systematic review
Authors: Ghosh Malabika , Hamer Oliver , Hill James Edward
Published: October 2023

Stroke is regarded as one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Cognitive impairment occurs in nearly 60% of stroke survivors. Despite the high prevalence and significant impact on post-stroke functioning, there remains a lack of clarity regarding effective interventions to support rehabilitation of cognitive impairment. This article critically appraises a systematic review which assessed the effectiveness of interventions to improve clinical outcomes associated with cognition for adults, post-onset of stroke.

Commentary on O'Donoghue M, Leahy S, Boland P, Galvin R, McManus J, Hayes S. Rehabilitation of cognitive deficits poststroke: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Stroke. 2022;53(5):1700–1710. 10.1161/strokeaha.121.034218
Tips from the shop floor: postgraduate doctors working in trauma and orthopaedics
Authors: Prakash Rohan , Chithiramohan Anita , Nasser Ahmed , Handford Charles , Waites Matthew
Published: October 2023

Trauma and orthopaedics is a useful rotation for junior doctors to undertake. Experience in the specialty allows doctors to feel more confident in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions affecting the entire musculoskeletal system. Many junior doctors cover on-calls in trauma and orthopaedics departments, often with no prior specialist experience. This article provides junior doctors with up-to-date information about how to prepare for a placement in trauma and orthopaedics, as well as helpful resources for those interested in a career in trauma and orthopaedics.
Disordered activity? A review of the quality of epilepsy care provided to adults presenting to hospital with a seizure
Authors: Mahoney Nicholas , Smith Neil , Michalski Antony , Sinclair Martin
Published: October 2023

The National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death reviewed the quality of care provided to adults who presented to hospital following an epileptic seizure. Clinical and organisational changes are highlighted that aim to improve patient care and outcomes.
On the occurrences of Euryommatus berytensis (Marseul, 1868) and E. mariae Roger, 1856 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Conoderinae) in the western Palaearctic, and further considerations on the host plant of E. berytensis
Authors: GERMANN CHRISTOPH , KOROTYAEV BORIS A. , PONEL PHILIPPE
Published: October 2023

After first records of a second species of the genus Euryommatus Roger, 1856 from Turkey, E. berytensis (Marseul, 1868), further specimens could be assigned to that species. Euryommatus berytensis and E. mariae are compared, and their occurrences are briefly presented. Further details and considerations on the association of E. berytensis with the tree Liquidambar orientalis Mill., 1768 (Hamamelidaceae) are given.
Dia Do Bheatha I N-Adhbhaidh Th’athar :
Blúire De Dhán Do Dhonnchadh Mac
Carthaigh (†1665)
Authors: Mac A’ Ghoill Philip
Published: October 2023

This fragmentary poem was composed in 1641 to Donnchadh, son of
Cormac Mac Carthaigh (1st Earl of Clancarty and 2nd Viscount Muskerry,
†1665), to welcome him back to Muskerry after a successful political mission in London, and to commemorate him succeeding his father, Cormac
son of Cormac Mac Carthaigh (1st Viscount Muskerry), who had died
in London in February 1641. An edition of the surviving quatrains of the
poem based on the copy in RIA MS 23 O 78 (3) is provided here. A lightly
edited transcription of this text from the same manuscript was published in
ABM (168). The edition is accompanied by an introduction, notes on language and metre, and an English translation.
Two-color four-wave mixing contribution to an electrostrictive laser-induced grating signal in CO2–N2 mixtures and gas diagnostics: publisher’s note
Authors: Holzer Jonas I. , Kozlov Dimitrii N. , Seeger Thomas
Published: October 2023

This publisher’s note corrects content in Appl. Opt. 62, 8115 (2023)APOPAI0003-693510.1364/AO.497467.
Robustness of rogue waves: the route to improve the ultrafast propagation of pulses in wave guide structures
Authors: Estelle Temgoua D. D. , Tchoula Tchokonte M. B. , Kofane T. C.
Published: October 2023

In this work, an adaptive control of instability is used to improve the ultrafast propagation of pulses in wave guide structures. One focuses on robust wave profiles with ideal shape and amplitude that can be useful for the ultrafast propagation without severe perturbations. The few perturbations observed are managed to catch up the stability of pulses and pick up the ultrafast propagation. To achieve this aim, a rich generalized model of nonparaxial nonlinear Schrödinger equation that improves the description of spontaneous waves in higher nonlinear and chiral media is derived, based on the theory of Beltrami-Maxwell formalism. The type of rogue wave ideal for the fast propagation is constructed with the modified Darboux transformation (mDT) method and its robustness to nonlinear effects is shown numerically through the pseudo-spectral method. This paper provides a framework to appreciate the efficiency of rogue waves in the improvement of ultrafast propagation of pulses in wave guides, biological systems and life-science.
5-bit all-optical quantum random number generator based on a time-multiplexed optical parametric oscillator
Authors: Li Shaojie , Zhu Xiaoxuan , Fan Jintao , Wen Kai , Hu Minglie
Published: October 2023

Random numbers are of critical importance in many applications, including secure communication, photonics computing and cryptography. Due to the non-deterministic nature of the quantum processes, a degenerate optical parametric oscillator (DOPO) constitutes a solution to produce true randomness. Nevertheless, one of the existing challenges for DOPO in this field is bit sequence scalability. Here, we experimentally report on the generation of 5-bit random number streams in a time-multiplexed femtosecond DOPO system. A multi-pass cell is added to elongate the OPO cavity to scale up the bit sequences. To this end, for a ∼15 m long all free space OPO cavity, resonating 5 signal pulses with a repetition rate of 50 MHz is demonstrated. The above-threshold binary phase nature originates from vacuum fluctuations of a DOPO ensuring the randomness of the system. The phase state of the output is characterized by the interference pattern between the output pulses and the fundamental pump pulses. Different bit sequences are presented here by turning on and off the OPO. Conditional probability is performed to verify the randomness of the output for 1200 bits. Our scheme provides a new direction for an all-optical random number generator.
Rapid inverse design of high Q-factor terahertz filters [Invited]
Authors: Lee Hyoung-Taek , Kim Jeonghoon , Park Hyeong-Ryeol
Published: October 2023

6 G communication technology using terahertz (THz) frequencies has increased the demand for components such as terahertz band filters. A high Q-factor filter capable of transmitting only narrowband frequencies, in particular, has gained significant research attention due to its wide range of applications. Here we obtained an optimal high Q-factor THz filter using an inverse design method that combines a double deep Q-learning model with an analytical solution within eight hours. Further, we confirmed the results of the inverse design using a numerical simulation, experimentally realized the high Q-factor THz filter, and discussed limitations of the spectral resolution of THz spectroscopy.
Electromagnetic Pulses: A Novel Framework for Helicity, Chirality and Their Flows
Authors: Acebal P. , Carretero-Lopez Luis , Blaya Salvador
Published: October 2023

This paper delves into conserved quantities of electromagnetic pulses, which are crucial for understanding their behavior. We introduce a precise framework for computing scalar properties (energy, helicity, and chirality) and vector properties (Poynting vector, Spin, and chirality flux) of electromagnetic pulses. Based on the far-field behavior of the electric field, our methodology offers accurate results akin to traditional volume integrals but at a lower computational cost. Additionally, our findings enable a reinterpretation of these properties as statistical average parameters of the pulse. This innovative approach not only simplifies calculations but also enhances their accuracy, making it useful for studying complex electromagnetic field structures, including multiple pulse interference and interactions with matter.
Artificial intelligence with temporal features outperforms machine learning in predicting diabetes
Authors: Naveed Iqra , Kaleem Muhammad Farhat , Keshavjee Karim , Guergachi Aziz
Published: October 2023

Diabetes mellitus type 2 is increasingly being called a modern preventable pandemic, as even with excellent available treatments, the rate of complications of diabetes is rapidly increasing. Predicting diabetes and identifying it in its early stages could make it easier to prevent, allowing enough time to implement therapies before it gets out of control. Leveraging longitudinal electronic medical record (EMR) data with deep learning has great potential for diabetes prediction. This paper examines the predictive competency of deep learning models in contrast to state-of-the-art machine learning models to incorporate the time dimension of risk. The proposed research investigates a variety of deep learning models and features for predicting diabetes. Model performance was appraised and compared in relation to predominant features, risk factors, training data density and visit history. The framework was implemented on the longitudinal EMR records of over 19K patients extracted from the Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network (CPCSSN). Empirical findings demonstrate that deep learning models consistently outperform other state-of-the-art competitors with prediction accuracy of above 91%, without overfitting. Fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c and body mass index are the key predictors of future onset of diabetes. Overweight, middle aged patients and patients with hypertension are more vulnerable to developing diabetes, consistent with what is already known. Model performance improves as training data density or the visit history of a patient increases. This study confirms the ability of the LSTM deep learning model to incorporate the time dimension of risk in its predictive capabilities.
Serially mediated effects of psychological inflexibility on quality of life of refugees in Uganda during coronavirus pandemic
Authors: Baluku Martin Mabunda , Ssebagala Stewart , Mukula Hilary Mugabo , Musanje Khamisi
Published: October 2023

The unexpected outbreak and rapid spread of COVID-19 necessitated radical and stringent control measures, consequently changing how people live globally. To vulnerable populations like refugees, who were already living a disrupted life, the outbreak of COVID-19 and accompanying control measures complicated their living conditions and drastically affected their mental health and, consequently, their quality of life. The current study aimed to test whether psychological inflexibility was a factor in lowering the quality of life of refugees in Uganda during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study further examines whether the effects of psychological inflexibility on quality of life were serially mediated by avoidance coping, perceived threat, adherence to COVID-19 control measures, and general mental health states. The study was conducted among refugees living in Kampala city suburbs and Bidibidi refugee settlement in Uganda. Data was collected using a survey questionnaire during the partial reopening of the economy in mid-2020, after the first lockdown. The analysis assesses a serial mediation model of the effects of psychological inflexibility on the quality of life of refugees through avoidance coping, perceived threat, adherence to COVID-19 control measures, and mental health using PROCESS Macro. The study involved 353 participants. Our analyses revealed that psychological inflexibility was negatively associated with the perceived threat, adherence, and quality of life. Psychological inflexibility was positively associated with avoidance coping and poor mental health. The data supported all hypothesized mediation paths. These findings support literature suggesting that psychological inflexibility is a maladaptive attribute that thwarts positive coping and behavior adjustment in times of crisis. Consequently, psychological inflexibility can worsen mental health problems and quality of life, especially in populations such as refugees in low-income countries who live in precarious conditions. Incorporating interventions that reduce psychological inflexibility in crisis management efforts can help refugees maintain good psychological functioning and quality of life.