bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vascular cognitive impairment: Advances in clinical research and management
Authors: You Tongyao , Wang Yingzhe , Chen Shufen , Dong Qiang , Yu Jintai , Cui Mei
Published: July 2024

Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) encompasses a wide spectrum of cognitive disorders, ranging from mild cognitive impairment to vascular dementia. Its diagnosis relies on thorough clinical evaluations and neuroimaging. VCI predominately arises from vascular risk factors (VRFs) and cerebrovascular disease, either independently or in conjunction with neurodegeneration. Growing evidence underscores the prevalence of VRFs, highlighting their potential for early prediction of cognitive impairment and dementia in later life. The precise mechanisms linking vascular pathologies to cognitive deficits remain elusive. Chronic cerebrovascular pathology is the most common neuropathological feature of VCI, often interacting synergistically with neurodegenerative processes. Current research efforts are focused on developing and validating reliable biomarkers to unravel the etiology of vascular brain changes in VCI. The collaborative integration of these biomarkers into clinical practice, alongside routine incorporation into neuropathological assessments, presents a promising strategy for predicting and stratifying VCI. The cornerstone of VCI prevention remains the control of VRFs, which includes multi-domain lifestyle modifications. Identifying appropriate pharmacological approaches is also of paramount importance. In this review, we synthesize recent advancements in the field of VCI, including its definition, determinants of vascular risk, pathophysiology, neuroimaging and fluid-correlated biomarkers, predictive methodologies, and current intervention strategies. Increasingly evident is the notion that more rigorous research for VCI, which arises from a complex interplay of physiological events, is still needed to pave the way for better clinical outcomes and enhanced quality of life for affected individuals.
Vascular Postoperative Changes After Facial Flap Repairs: An Opportunity for Early Intervention
Authors: Berman Hannah S. , Awe Olufolakemi , Heckman Michael G. , White Launia J. , Carrasquillo Osward Y. , Barbosa Naiara , Merritt Bradley , Degesys Catherine A.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Flap repair provides unique advantages in facial reconstruction but still carries the potential for undesirable postoperative cosmetic changes.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of this study were to describe postoperative vascular outcomes of patients undergoing flap repairs after Mohs micrographic surgery on facial tumors and to assess associations of baseline characteristics with outcomes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In this study, 7 dermatologists and 1 physician assistant in dermatology assessed preoperative and postoperative photographs of 57 patients who underwent facial Mohs micrographic surgery, evaluating vascular and pigment outcomes and number of telangiectasias.

RESULTS

There was a significant difference in number of telangiectasias according to body location (p = .002), where the number of telangiectasias was highest for nose surgery.

CONCLUSION

These data suggest that nasal flap repairs are associated with increased postoperative vascular changes. This highlights an opportunity for improved preoperative patient counseling and possible early laser treatment after nasal Mohs micrographic surgery.
Global trends and insights in ethical statements regarding the utilization of human cadaveric tissues for biomechanical research from 2017 to 2022: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Zhou Lenian , Qiao Yi , Cai Qianying , Jin Hanqiang , Lin Junqing , Shen Jie , Zhu Hongyi
Published: July 2024

Human cadaveric tissues are essential for biomechanical research; however, omitting statements regarding the ethical implications remains very common in many recent articles of biomechanics. The authors systematically searched PubMed for research articles published from 2017 to 2022 to identify all relevant studies (n=1850). Information on the characteristics of the cadaveric specimens and the acquisition of ethical approval was collected. The included articles were categorized as grade A (n=757), grade B (n=308), and grade C (n=785) according to the authors’ predetermined criteria. Additionally, the authors analyzed whether the reporting status of ethical approval varied based on publishing year, journals, regions, and research settings. No significant improvement was observed over the study period. Disparities in ethical reporting standards were identified among different regions and journals. This is the first bibliometric analysis that offers an overview of publications in biomechanical research that use human cadaveric samples. It serves as a reference for interested researchers and journal readers to discuss the associated ethical issues.
GIFTS: Geriatric Intensive Functional Therapy Sessions—for the older trauma patient
Authors: Wintz Diane , Schaffer Kathryn B. , Hites Jennifer J. , Wybourn Christopher , Bui Eric H. , Langness Simone , Hamel Michelle , Wright Kelly , Frey John R.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Considering resources for comprehensive geriatric care, it would be beneficial for geriatric trauma patients (GTPs) and medical patients to be comanaged in one program focusing on ancillary therapeutics (AT): physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech language pathology, respiratory therapy, and sleep wake hygiene. This pilot study describes outcomes of GTPs in a hospital-wide program focused on geriatric-specific AT.

METHODS

Geriatric trauma patients and geriatric patients were screened by program coordinator for enrollment at one Level II trauma center from August 2021 to December 2022. Enrolled patients (EPs) were admitted to trauma or medicine floors and received repetitive AT with attention to sleep wake hygiene throughout hospitalization and compared with similar nonenrolled patients (NEPs). Excluded patients had any of the following: indication of geriatric syndrome with a fatigue, resistance, ambulation, illness, and loss of weight (FRAIL) score of 5, no frailty with a FRAIL score of 0, comfort focused plans, or arrived from skilled care. Retrospective chart review of demographics and outcomes was completed for both EPs and NEPs.

RESULTS

A total of 224 EPs (28 trauma [TR]) were compared with 574 NEPs (148 TR). Enrolled patients showed shorter length of stay (mean, 3.8 vs. 6.1; p = 0.0001), less delirium (3.1% vs. 9.6%, p = 0.00222), less time to ambulation (13 hours vs. 39 hours, p = 0.0005), and higher likelihood to discharge home (56% vs. 27%, p < 0.0001) as compared with NEPs. The median FRAIL score was 3 for both groups. Enrolled medical patients ambulated the soonest at 11 average hours, compared with 23 hours for enrolled trauma patients and 39 hours for NEPs. There were zero delirium events among enrolled trauma patients; 25% was found among nonenrolled trauma patients (p = 0.00288).

CONCLUSION

Despite a small trauma cohort, results support feasibility to include GTPs in hospital-wide programs with geriatric-specific AT. Mobility and cognitive strategies may improve opportunities to avoid delirium, decrease length of stay, and influence more frequent disposition to home.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

Therapeutic/Care Management; Level III.
ER-mitochondria distance is a critical parameter for efficient mitochondrial Ca2+uptake and oxidative metabolism
Authors: Dematteis Giulia , Tapella Laura , Casali Claudio , Talmon Maria , Tonelli Elisa , Reano Simone , Ariotti Adele , Pessolano Emanuela , Malecka Justyna , Chrostek Gabriela , Kulkovienė Gabrielė , Umbrasas Danielius , Distasi Carla , Grilli Mariagrazia , Ladds Graham , Filigheddu Nicoletta , Fresu Luigia G , Mikoshiba Katsuhiko , Matute Carlos , Ramos-Gonzalez Paula , Jekabsone Aiste , Calì Tito , Brini Marisa , Biggiogera Marco , Cavaliere Fabio , Miggiano Riccardo , Genazzani Armando A , Lim Dmitry
Published: July 2024

IP3receptor (IP3R)-mediated Ca2+transfer at the mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contact sites (MERCS) drives mitochondrial Ca2+uptake and oxidative metabolism and is linked to different pathologies, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). The dependence of Ca2+transfer efficiency on the ER-mitochondria distance remains unexplored. Employing molecular rulers that stabilize ER-mitochondrial distances at 5 nm resolution, and using genetically-encoded Ca2+indicators targeting the ER lumen and the sub-mitochondrial compartments, we now show that a distance of ∼20 nm is optimal for Ca2+transfer and mitochondrial oxidative metabolism due to enrichment of IP3R at MERCS. In human iPSC-derived astrocytes from PD patients, 20 nm MERCS were specifically reduced which correlated with a reduction of mitochondrial Ca2+uptake. Our work determines with precision the optimal distance for Ca2+flux between ER and mitochondria and suggests a new paradigm for fine control over mitochondrial function.
Loss of H3K9 trimethylation leads to premature aging
Authors: Mrabti Calida , Yang Na , Desdín-Micó Gabriela , Alonso-Calleja Alejandro , Vílchez-Acosta Alba , Pico Sara , Parras Alberto , Piao Yulan , Schoenfeldt Lucas , Luo Siyuan , Haghani Amin , Brooke Robert , Maza María del Carmen , Branchina Clémence , Yacoub Maroun Céline , von Meyenn Ferdinand , Naveiras Olaia , Horvath Steve , Sen Payel , Ocampo Alejandro
Published: July 2024

Aging is the major risk factor for most human diseases and represents a major socio-economical challenge for modern societies. Despite its importance, the process of aging remains poorly understood. Epigenetic dysregulation has been proposed as a key driver of the aging process. Modifications in transcriptional networks and chromatin structure might be central to age-related functional decline. A prevalent feature described during aging is the overall reduction in heterochromatin, specifically marked by the loss of repressive histone modification, Histone 3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3). However, the role of H3K9me3 in aging, especially in mammals, remains unclear. Here we show using a novel mouse strain, (TKOc), carrying a triple knockout of three methyltransferases responsible for H3K9me3 deposition, that the inducible loss of H3K9me3 in adulthood results in premature aging. TKOc mice exhibit reduced lifespan, lower body weight, increased frailty index, multi-organ degeneration, transcriptional changes with significant upregulation of transposable elements, and accelerated epigenetic age. Our data strongly supports the concept that the loss of epigenetic information directly drives the aging process. These findings reveal the importance of epigenetic regulation in aging and suggest that interventions targeting epigenetic modifications could potentially slow down or reverse age-related decline. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the process of aging will be crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies that can delay the onset of age-associated diseases and preserve human health at old age specially in rapidly aging societies.
DNA O-MAP uncovers the molecular neighborhoods associated with specific genomic loci
Authors: Liu Yuzhen , McGann Christopher D. , Krebs Mary , Perkins Thomas A. , Fields Rose , Camplisson Conor K. , Nwizugbo David Z. , Hsu Chris , Avanessian Shayan C. , Tsue Ashley F. , Kania Evan E. , Shechner David M. , Beliveau Brian J. , Schweppe Devin K.
Published: July 2024

The accuracy of crucial nuclear processes such as transcription, replication, and repair, depends on the local composition of chromatin and the regulatory proteins that reside there. Understanding these DNA-protein interactions at the level of specific genomic loci has remained challenging due to technical limitations. Here, we introduce a method termed “DNA O-MAP”, which uses programmable peroxidase-conjugated oligonucleotide probes to biotinylate nearby proteins. We show that DNA O-MAP can be coupled with sample multiplexed quantitative proteomics and next-generation sequencing to quantify DNA-protein and DNA-DNA interactions at specific genomic loci.
Could Chinese cardiovascular chronic conditions patients gain benefits from pharmaceutical services? A multilevel meta-analysis
Authors: Deng Zhijie , Chen Fanglu , Peng Shunshun , Gui Lin , Huang Yangjin , Chen Jing , Wei Anhua , Ding Yufeng
Published: July 2024

Background

The value of pharmaceutical services for Chinese patients with cardiovascular chronic conditions was not recognized.

Aim

To investigate the comprehensive value of pharmaceutical services in China and find factors influencing patient benefits.

Design and setting

This was a systematic review with multilevel meta-analysis of 183 randomized control trials focusing on the benefits of pharmaceutical services for patients with cardiovascular chronic conditions in China.

Methods

English databases (PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library) and Chinese databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang database) were searched from database inception to March 27, 2023 for studies focusing on the comparation of benefits between pharmaceutical services and usual care.

Results

Our analysis of 187 studies involving 23,895 patients demonstrated significant benefits of pharmaceutical services, particularly in reducing readmission (OR: 0.32; 95%CI: 0.2 to 0.52; I2=50.12%), mitigating ADR (OR: 0.28; 95%CI: 0.24 to 0.33; I2=18.07%), and improving patient adherence. However, no benefit was observed in terms of mortality rate and the cost of hospitalization and medication and the risk of bias was generally existed among the included studies.

Conclusions

This study highlights the significant benefits of pharmaceutical services for clinical outcomes and adherence among Chinese patients with cardiovascular chronic conditions. However, the benefits in terms of economic outcomes remain unclear. The influence of population-specific factors, such as disease and age, underscores the need for context-specific and disease- tailored studies to provide precise evidence regarding the advantages of pharmaceutical services. And our findings provide some new ideas for the subsequent research and design, standard formulation and policy implementation.

How this fits in

Previous assessments showed clinical benefits of pharmaceutical services but were unclear about other benefits and didn’t consider patient characteristics or contexts. There is no standardized system for pharmaceutical services in China. Our meta-analysis found clear clinical benefits for patients with cardiovascular chronic conditions and showed that age negatively impacts adherence, and medication costs vary by disease type. This study is the first to analyze comprehensive benefits for Chinese patients, highlighting the importance of considering patient characteristics in pharmaceutical services.
REalist Synthesis Of non-pharmacologicaL interVEntions for antipsychotic-induced weight gain (RESOLVE) in people living with severe mental illness
Authors: MacPhee Maura , Howe Jo , Habib Hafsah , Piwowarczyk Emilia , Wong Geoff , Ahern Amy , Birdi Gurkiran , Higgs Suzanne , Oduola Sheri , Kenny Alex , Walsh Annabel , Upthegrove Rachel , Allen Katherine , Carlish Max , Lovell Justine , Maidment Ian
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Antipsychotic medications are used to treat individuals with severe mental illness (SMI), but are associated with rapid weight gain and several physical and mental risk factors. Early, proactive weight management is necessary to pre-empt these risk factors. The aim was to understand and explain how, why, for whom, and in what contexts non-pharmacological interventions can help to manage antipsychotic-induced weight gain.

Methods

Realist review to identify contextual factors and underlying mechanisms associated with effective, non-pharmacological weight management interventions for adults > 18 years old. Practitioners and lived experience stakeholders were integral.

Results

74 documents used to construct programme theory and 12 testable context-mechanism-outcome configurations. People with SMI benefit from support when navigating interventions aimed at managing the weight gain. From a practitioner perspective, a good therapeutic relationship is important in helping people with SMI navigate early diagnosis and treatment options and facilitating exploring any pre-existing issues. Interventions that are flexible and tailored to the needs of individuals, ideally starting early in a person’s recovery journey are likely to yield better results. Additional sources of support include family, friends and peers with lived experience who can help individuals transition to autonomous goal-setting. The review findings also emphasise the significant effect of stigma/dual stigma on individuals with SMI and weight gain.

Conclusions

Successful interventions are collaborative, flexible and underpinned by early and comprehensive assessment with use of appropriate behaviour change approaches. The therapeutic relationship is key with a de-stigmatising approach required. A realist evaluation with primary data is currently underway.

Practitioner Points

Individuals with severe mental illness on antipsychotic medications are at high risk for rapid weight gain and associated adverse mental and physical outcomes.

Early comprehensive assessment by knowledgeable, respectful practitioners promotes therapeutic relationship development and identification of individuals’ specific risk factors and support, such as pre-existing disordered eating behaviours and the presence of family/carer and peer support.

Case management or care coordination needs to be strengthened to ensure individuals’ access to consistent primary and secondary services, as well as community-based services.
AP-1 Mediates Cellular Adaptation and Memory Formation During Therapy Resistance
Authors: Li Jingxin , Ravindran Pavithran T. , O’Farrell Aoife , Busch Gianna T. , Boe Ryan H. , Niu Zijian , Woo Sean , Dunagin Margaret C. , Jain Naveen , Goyal Yogesh , Sarma Kavitha , Herlyn Meenhard , Raj Arjun
Published: July 2024

Cellular responses to environmental stimuli are typically thought to be governed by genetically encoded programs. We demonstrate that melanoma cells can form and maintain cellular memories during the acquisition of therapy resistance that exhibit characteristics of cellular learning and are dependent on the transcription factor AP-1. We show that cells exposed to a low dose of therapy adapt to become resistant to a high dose, demonstrating that resistance was not purely selective. The application of therapy itself results in the encoding of transient gene expression into cellular memory and that this encoding occurs for both transiently induced and probabilistically arising expression. Chromatin accessibility showed concomitant persistence. A two-color AP-1 reporter system showed that these memories are encoded incis, constituting an example of activatingcisepigenetics. Our findings establish the formation and maintenance of cellular memories as a critical aspect of gene regulation during the development of therapy resistance.
Improved tests for the origin of allometric scaling across tree architectures
Authors: Chmurzynski Adam , Brummer Alexander Byers , Savage Van , Shenkin Alexander , Malhi Yadvinder , Martin-Ducup Olivier , Zieminska Kasia , Barbier Nicolas , Enquist Brian J.
Published: July 2024

The scaling of organismal metabolic rates with body size is one of the most prominent empirical patterns in biology. For over a century, the nature and causes of metabolic scaling have been the subject of much focus and debate. West, Brown, and Enquist (WBE) proposed a general model for the origin of metabolic scaling from branching vascular networks. However, recent empirical tests of WBE vascular scaling predictions in plants and animals have reported deviations caused by variability in network geometry. After clarifying the core assumptions of the WBE model, we revisit the methods and conclusions of recent tests conducted in trees, finding support for key WBE predictions in woody plant architecture. To do this, we apply an approach that better captures: i) network branching self-similarity and ii) leaf area as a proxy of plant metabolic capacity. The WBE model also predicts curvature in metabolic scaling in smaller organisms, and we introduce a novel method that accounts for curvature in plant branching geometry. Together, these advances allow more direct measurements of metabolic scaling than previous work, and we apply them to a dataset of diverse laser-scanned tree architectures. Analyses reveal the predicted interspecific ¾ metabolic scaling across tree crowns, with intraspecific variation within individual tree crowns. Scaling variability is consistent with WBE predictions for curvature from asymptotic growth and underlying variation in branching geometry. We conclude that linking fine-scale branching variation to metabolic scaling allometries remains a challenge, while our results support the foundational hypotheses of the WBE model.

Author summary

Trees survive in a variety of habitats and lifestyles across Earth. They are also characterized by a stunning array of sizes and shapes that make trees objects of vast cultural, economic, and ecological importance. At the same time, the need to link vascular plant function with traits and environment is more pressing than ever. Size (body mass) is fundamentally linked to plant functioning within ecosystems through allometric relationships. Allometric relationships emerge from the geometry of branch networks in trees, which are increasingly well-characterized with remote-sensing data. We use a dataset of laser-scanned tree crowns to test allometric predictions that link size to key traits, particularly metabolic capacity, understood as total leaf area. Our results indicate that i) scanning technology can provide accurate assessments of branch allometry with proper data preparation, and ii) studying branch allometries provides an organizing framework for interpreting natural variation in tree architecture.
Expectation modulates learning emotional words: Evidence from a hierarchical Bayesian model
Authors: Zhang Weiwei , Li Yingyu , Zhou Chuan , Li Baike , Schwieter John W. , Liu Huanhuan , Liu Meng
Published: July 2024

In language acquisition, individuals learn the emotional value of words through external feedback. Previous studies have used emotional words as experimental materials to explore the cognitive mechanism underlying emotional language processing, but have failed to recognize that languages are acquired in a changing environment. To this end, this study aims to combine reinforcement learning with emotional word learning, using a probabilistic reversal learning task to explore how individuals acquire the valence of emotional words in a dynamically changing environment. Our computational modeling on both behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) data revealed that individuals’ expectations can modulate the learning speed and temporal processing of emotional words, demonstrating a clear negative bias. Specifically, as the expected value increases, individuals respond faster and exhibit higher amplitudes for negative emotional words. These findings shed light on the neural mechanisms of emotional word learning in a volatile environment, highlighting the crucial role of expectations in this process and the preference for processing negative information.
Longitudinal genomic surveillance of a UK intensive care unit shows a lack of patient colonisation by multi-drug resistant Gram-negative pathogens
Authors: Snaith Ann E , Moran Robert A , Hall Rebecca J , Casey Anna , Ratcliffe Liz , van Schaik Willem , Whitehouse Tony , McNally Alan
Published: July 2024

Vulnerable patients in an intensive care unit (ICU) setting are at high risk of infection from bacteria including gut-colonising Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species. Complex ICU procedures often depend on successful antimicrobial treatment, underscoring the importance of understanding the extent of patient colonisation by multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO) in large UK ICUs. Previous work on ICUs globally uncovered high rates of colonisation by and transmission of MDRO, but the situation in UK ICUs is less understood. Here, we investigated the diversity and antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) carriage of bacteria present in one of the largest UK ICUs at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham (QEHB), focussing primarily on E. coli as both a widespread commensal and a globally disseminated multidrug resistant pathogen. Samples were taken during highly restrictive COVID-19 control measures from May - December 2021. Whole-genome and metagenomic sequencing were used to detect and report strain level colonisation of patients, focussing on E. coli sequence types (STs), their colonisation dynamics, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) gene carriage. We found a lack of multidrug resistance (MDR) in the QEHB. Only one carbapenemase-producing organism was isolated, a Citrobacter carrying blaKPC-2. There was no evidence supporting the spread of this strain, and there was little evidence overall of nosocomial acquisition or circulation of colonising E. coli. Whilst 22 different E. coli STs were identified, only one strain of the pandemic ST131 lineage was isolated. This ST131 strain was non-MDR and was found to be a clade A strain, associated with low levels of antibiotic resistance. Overall, the QEHB ICU had very low levels of pandemic or MDR strains, a result which may be influenced in part by the strict COVID-19 control measures in place at the time. Employing some of these infection prevention and control measures where reasonable in all ICUs might therefore assist in maintaining low levels of nosocomial MDR.
Crystal structure of glycerol kinase from Trypanosoma cruzi, a potential molecular target in Chagas disease
Authors: Lipiński Oskar , Sonani Ravi R. , Dubin Grzegorz
Published: July 2024

Chagas disease is a neglected tropical disease caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. It bears a significant global health burden with limited treatment options, thus calling for the development of new and effective drugs. Certain trypanosomal metabolic enzymes have been suggested to be druggable and valid for subsequent inhibition. In this study, the crystal structure of glycerol kinase from T. cruzi, a key enzyme in glycerol metabolism in this parasite, is presented. Structural analysis allowed a detailed description of the glycerol binding pocket, while comparative assessment pinpointed a potential regulatory site which may serve as a target for selective inhibition. These findings advance the understanding of glycerol metabolism in eukaryotes and provide a solid basis for the future treatment of Chagas disease.
Effect of team-member exchange on team innovative work behavior: a chained double mediation model
Authors: Dar Nasib , Kundi Yasir Mansoor , Hamid Zeeshan
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This study examines the direct influence of team-member exchange (TMX) on team innovative work behavior (IWB) and the mediating roles of team knowledge sharing and team job crafting.

Design/methodology/approach

To test our research model, we collected multilevel, multisource, and multi-wave data from 284 employees and 74 teams in Pakistan.

Findings

TMX positively relates to team IWB directly and indirectly via serial mediation of team knowledge sharing and team job crafting.

Originality/value

This is the first study to investigate how TMX promotes team IWB through team knowledge sharing and team job crafting.
ESG in investor profiling: what are we talking about?
Authors: Lippi Andrea , Poli Federica
Published: July 2024

Purpose

Inspired by the groundbreaking novel European regulations on financial investors’ profiling (MiFID II regulation and the ESMA 2022 Guidelines), this paper aims to establish which distinctive socio-demographic traits distinguish investors who declare a generalized interest in all three environmental (E), social (S), and governance (G) pillars and investors who express interest in just one individual pillar or a combination of two pillars.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on a unique dataset of 190 real-world retail investors, this paper aims to create a profile of three types of investor: those whose interest lies in just the environmental pillar, those interested in a combination of the environmental and social pillars, and those interested in all three E, S, and G pillars jointly. Moreover, we try to ascertain whether it is possible to observe statistically significant differences between the different types of investors.

Findings

The results obtained indicate that it is possible to profile investors who are environmentally-oriented and investors who are ESG-oriented. Notably, levels of financial literacy do not influence investor ESG attitudes.

Practical implications

The results obtained may have multifaceted implications for financial advisors, the banking and financial institution industry, and marketing strategists, as well as for further research.

Originality/value

The originality of this paper derives from the responses used in the analysis, which were collected from a sample of real-world retail investors who completed a mandatory MiFID-questionnaire, validated by the Italian Securities and Markets Supervisory Authority. Our paper thus represents a bridge between a theoretical approach and real-world practice.
Understanding motives and consumption behavior of sports NFT holders and non-holders: a case study of Kbollect
Authors: Park Min Jin , Lee J. Lucy
Published: July 2024

Purpose

The purposes of the paper were (1) to examine the primary motives for owning sports NFTs and (2) to investigate their influence on fan consumption behavior toward sports teams for NFT-holders and non-holders and to examine whether any difference between NFT-holders and non-holders existed.

Design/methodology/approach

A qualitative case study approach of both individual and focus group interviews was used to identify major motives for the ownership of NFTs for sports NFT-holders and non-holders of Kbollect in particular. Data were analyzed through a thematic content analysis utilizing nCoder.

Findings

Five common motives – financial rewards, exclusivity, hedonic motivation, sense of belonging and effort expectancy – were identified. For both sport NFT-holders and non-holders, financial rewards were the most influential motive. Whether sports fans own sports NFTs or not, they all indicated that ownership of sports NFTs would reinforce their consumption behavior.

Research limitations/implications

The findings suggest to scholars and practitioners that sports NFTs primarily serve as a marketing tool, rather than constituting a viable means of investment. This observation holds true contingent upon two conditions: first, the reduction of technological barriers for non-sports NFT holders in acquiring sports NFTs; second, the provision of more palpable and attainable advantages for sport NFT-holders. Additionally, for existing NFT-holders, providing strategies to ensure a sense of belonging to the NFTs community would be beneficial.

Originality/value

The authors attempted to provide the most influential motives for sport NFT-holders and non-holders of sports NFTs. It was anticipated that these motives to influence fan behavior towards the sports team, possibly leading to increased engagement like higher game viewership, greater event attendance and a greater likelihood of buying team merchandise.
Governance path of the digital innovation ecosystem in advanced manufacturing cluster: a case study of China’s Tai-Xin Integrated Economic Zone
Authors: Chen Yunqi , Wang Yichu
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to identify key factors influencing the development of advanced manufacturing clusters and propose governance pathways for their digital innovation ecosystems.

Design/methodology/approach

A quantitative analysis of the Tai-Xin Integrated Economic Zone in China is conducted using data collected through a questionnaire survey. An evaluation index for the development level of advanced manufacturing clusters is constructed, and a structural equation model is used to identify key influencing factors and governance pathways.

Findings

This paper reveals that factors such as industrial foundation, technological innovation capability, social institution environment and government policies have a significant positive impact on the development of digital innovation ecosystem in advanced manufacturing clusters. It constructs a governance model for the digital innovation ecosystem and proposes three major pathways: integration of heterogeneous innovation resources, enhancement of digital capabilities, and fostering digital collaborative governance. The crucial role of digital technology in improving data processing efficiency, optimizing resource allocation and promoting collaboration among entities is emphasized. These pathways can optimize resource allocation, boosting the competitiveness and innovation capacity of clusters.

Originality/value

By incorporating advanced manufacturing clusters into the digital innovation ecosystem framework, this paper enriches theoretical research on both fronts. It offers specific governance pathways and policy recommendations, providing valuable references and guidance for promoting the digital transformation and ecosystem construction of manufacturing clusters.
Towards promoting circular building adaptability in adaptive reuse projects: a co-developed framework
Authors: Hamida Mohammad B. , Remøy Hilde , Gruis Vincent , van Laar Brian
Published: July 2024

Purpose

Circular building adaptability (CBA) in adaptive reuse – building transformation – projects can facilitate a resource-efficient and futureproof redevelopment of the built environment. However, there has been a lack of practical tools that guide practitioners on how to foster CBA in adaptive reuse. Therefore, this study aims to collaboratively develop a guiding framework for CBA in adaptive reuse (CBA-AR) projects in general. The CBA-AR framework is a descriptive and content-oriented synthesis mapping a series of strategies to the CBA determinants alongside their enablers and inhibitors.

Design/methodology/approach

A participatory research-oriented approach was followed. First, an archival research was conducted to develop the CBA-AR framework based on literature review and case studies. Second, two co-creation workshops, triangulated with structured interviews, were conducted to validate and expand the framework.

Findings

The first version of the CBA-AR framework comprises 30 CBA strategies. It also brings seven enablers and six inhibitors together with the 30 CBA strategies. The outcomes of the participatory approach contributed to refining and expanding the framework. The final of the CBA-AR framework version comprises CBA 33 strategies. This version brings 10 enablers and 7 inhibitors together with the 33 strategies.

Practical implications

This framework can be used as a guiding and reporting instrument by designers and property developers while transforming vacant or obsolete properties in the Netherlands. Policy makers can refer to this framework and amend adaptive reuse legislation.

Originality/value

The CBA-AR framework can introduce a transformative change in theory and practice, as it is based on theoretical, empirical and participatory research.
Comparative study of science evaluation practices
Authors: Ibrahim Nedra , Habacha Chaibi Anja , Ben Ghézala Henda
Published: July 2024

Purpose

Given the magnitude of the literature, a researcher must be selective of research papers and publications in general. In other words, only papers that meet strict standards of academic integrity and adhere to reliable and credible sources should be referenced. The purpose of this paper is to approach this issue from the prism of scientometrics according to the following research questions: Is it necessary to judge the quality of scientific production? How do we evaluate scientific production? What are the tools to be used in evaluation?

Design/methodology/approach

This paper presents a comparative study of scientometric evaluation practices and tools. A systematic literature review is conducted based on articles published in the field of scientometrics between 1951 and 2022. To analyze data, the authors performed three different aspects of analysis: usage analysis based on classification and comparison between the different scientific evaluation practices, type and level analysis based on classifying different scientometric indicators according to their types and application levels and similarity analysis based on studying the correlation between different quantitative metrics to identify similarity between them.

Findings

This comparative study leads to classify different scientific evaluation practices into externalist and internalist approaches. The authors categorized the different quantitative metrics according to their types (impact, production and composite indicators), their levels of application (micro, meso and macro) and their use (internalist and externalist). Moreover, the similarity analysis has revealed a high correlation between several scientometric indicators such as author h-index, author publications, citations and journal citations.

Originality/value

The interest in this study lies deeply in identifying the strengths and weaknesses of research groups and guides their actions. This evaluation contributes to the advancement of scientific research and to the motivation of researchers. Moreover, this paper can be applied as a complete in-depth guide to help new researchers select appropriate measurements to evaluate scientific production. The selection of evaluation measures is made according to their types, usage and levels of application. Furthermore, our analysis shows the similarity between the different indicators which can limit the overuse of similar measures.
The Public Understanding of Analytical Psychology1
Authors: Myers Steve
Published: July 2024

In 1960, Jung lamented psychology’s limited impact on global fate. Although Fordham tried to reassure him that Jungians were promoting his work, Jung was looking from the other end of the telescope, seeing the need to rescue humanity from its one‐sidedness that would ultimately lead to nuclear conflict. Astronomical evidence, such as the Fermi paradox, echoes Jung’s concerns about likely self‐destruction. Rather than promoting Jungian ideas to interested groups, the imperative lies in identifying crucial messages for global survival and engaging the public in them. Science provides some useful lessons because its concerted efforts over centuries led to the gradual integration of scientific thinking into the public psyche. These lessons suggest that, to cross the border from the Jungian to wider public domain, compromises are necessary, such as simplifying messages and making engagement enchanting and practical. Analytical psychology’s task goes beyond one individual, group, or even generation, and a debate is needed to begin to form a consensus on the way ahead. Some initial suggestions are made for adopting terminology the public can relate to, focusing on the transcendent function as the main vehicle to overcome one‐sidedness and conflict, and using figures like Nelson Mandela to demonstrate practical application.
Building forwards: Bibliometric analysis and framework construction for community resilience
Authors: Hu Han , Yan Kegao , Zhu Zhenhong , Lv Tiangui
Published: July 2024

The occurrence of ‘black swan’ and ‘grey rhino’ events is creating new risks for communities, and building resilient communities has become a global consensus. Using the Bibliometrix tool, we collected 3146 articles published from 2000 to 2022 to explore research hotspots, change trends and future directions in community resilience. The results show that community resilience study exhibited an exponential development pattern, with periods of sluggish rise (2000–2009) and rapid growth (2010–2019). From 2020 to 2022, the average annual number of articles spiked to 484 due to the outbreak of COVID‐19. Scholars from the United States, China and the United Kingdom are the main contributors in this field, but the research locations are gradually shifting from the United States to the European and Asian countries. Hot topics related to community resilience include conceptual discernment, assessment frameworks, influencing factors and enhancement strategies. In the future, more attention should be given to the localization of theories, soft power elements and special groups. We developed a community resilience cycle framework that integrates the latest conceptual statement of community resilience and the evolution of trajectories of system disturbance stages.
Predicting the Outcomes of In Vitro Fertilization Using Baseline Maternal Serum Inflammatory Markers: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hantoushzadeh Sedigheh , Poorabdoli Marzie , Parsaei Mohammadamin , Zargarzadeh Nikan , Masoumi Masoumeh , Khotbesara Saeedeh Eslami , Tarafdari Azadeh
Published: July 2024

Problem

Achieving pregnancy through in vitro fertilization (IVF) remains a challenge, with less than one‐third of women succeeding. There is a pressing need for reliable predictive tools to assess the likelihood of post‐IVF pregnancy. While some serum inflammatory biomarkers have been investigated for their predictive potential, substantial knowledge gaps persist. This study examined the utility of different inflammatory markers in predicting IVF outcomes.

Method of Study

Inflammatory markers including the white blood cell count, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet count, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width, platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR), C‐reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and vitamin D3 were assessed. Study outcomes were chemical pregnancy (positive serum beta‐human chorionic gonadotropin 2 weeks post‐embryo transfer), clinical pregnancy (detection of pregnancy sac via transvaginal ultrasonography), and viable pregnancy (detection of fetal heart rate). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted, with multivariate analysis incorporating age, body mass index, infertility duration, type, and etiology, as well as all studied serum inflammatory markers, embryo count, stage, quality, and endometrial thickness.

Results

Lower NLR (p < 0.001, odds ratio [OR] = 0.372 [0.247–0.559]) and CRP (p = 0.035, odds ratio = 0.956 [0.916–0.997]) predicted chemical pregnancy in univariate analysis, with NLR maintaining significance in multivariate analysis (p = 0.022, OR = 0.319 [0.120–0.848]). Lower NLR (p < 0.001, OR = 0.309 [0.198–0.482]) and PLR (p = 0.013, OR = 0.994 [0.990–0.999]) predicted clinical pregnancy, with NLR surviving multivariate analysis (p = 0.005, OR = 0.217 [0.075–0.626]). Lower NLR (p < 0.001, OR = 0.320 [0.198–0.516]) also predicted viable pregnancy, maintaining statistical significance in multivariate analysis (p = 0.002, OR = 0.177 [0.058–0.541]). Other studied inflammatory markers did not predict IVF outcomes.

Conclusions

NLR emerged as a robust independent predictor of pregnancy attainment after IVF.
Placental Senescence and the Two‐Stage Model of Preeclampsia
Authors: Sugulle Meryam , Fiskå Bendik S. , Jacobsen Daniel Pitz , Fjeldstad Heidi Elisabeth , Staff Anne Cathrine
Published: July 2024

In this review, we summarize how an increasingly stressed and aging placenta contributes to the maternal clinical signs of preeclampsia, a potentially lethal pregnancy complication. The pathophysiology of preeclampsia has been conceptualized in the two‐stage model. Originally, highlighting the importance of poor placentation for early‐onset preeclampsia, the revised two‐stage model explains late‐onset preeclampsia as well, which is often preceded by normal placentation. We discuss how cellular senescence in the placenta may fit with the framework of the revised two‐stage model of preeclampsia pathophysiology and summarize potential cellular and molecular mechanisms, including effects on placental and maternal endothelial function. Cellular senescence may occur in response to inflammatory processes and oxidative, mitochondrial, or endoplasmic reticulum stress and chronic stress induce accelerated, premature placental senescence. In preeclampsia, both circulating and tissue‐based senescence markers are present. We suggest that aspirin prophylaxis, commonly recommended from the first trimester onward for women at risk of preeclampsia, may affect placentation and possibly mechanisms of placental senescence, thus attenuating the risk of preeclampsia developing clinically. We propose that biomarkers of placental dysfunction and senescence may contribute to altered preventive strategies, including discontinuation of aspirin at week 24–28 depending on placenta‐associated biomarker risk stratification.
Evidence‐based meets community‐centred: A new approach to creating informal learning opportunities for children
Authors: Pesch A. , Fletcher K. K. , Golinkoff R. M. , Hirsh‐Pasek K.
Published: July 2024

Informal learning spaces present ripe opportunities to supplement formal learning experiences. In this paper, we offer a new approach to creating enriching learning activities for public spaces that reflects evidence‐based practices rooted in developmental psychology and uses community‐centring practices from participatory research approaches. We first argue that extant theory and research supports the use of guided play pedagogy to foster learning. Second, we argue that effective translation of research to practice should incorporate community voices at every stage of the design, implementation and evaluation process. We describe a new initiative called Playful Learning Landscapes that reflects tenets of core developmental theory including constructivism and social learning theories as well as guided play pedagogy. Playful Learning Landscapes also extends the scope and scale of these evidence‐backed theories by collaborating with communities to design activities for local community spaces. Taken together, we offer a way of upholding core developmental theory with equitable, culturally inclusive research and intervention practices. Transforming community spaces into hubs for children's learning promises wide‐reaching implications for equitable access, school readiness and early childhood education.
Insights into phenotypic variability caused by GARS1 pathogenic variants
Authors: Jiménez‐Jiménez Jesús , Navarrete Irene , Azorín Inmaculada , Martí Pilar , Vílchez Roger , Muelas Nuria , Cabello‐Murgui Javier , Millet Elvira , Vázquez‐Costa Juan Francisco , Vílchez Juan J. , Sevilla Teresa , Sivera Rafael
Published: July 2024

Background and Purpose

Pathogenic variants of the glycyl‐tRNA synthetase 1 (GARS1) gene have been described as a cause of Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 2D, motor axonal neuropathy with upper limb predominance (distal hereditary motor neuropathy [dHMN] type V), and infantile spinal muscular atrophy.

Methods

This cross‐sectional, retrospective, observational study was carried out on 12 patients harboring the c.794C>T (p.Ser265Phe) missense pathogenic variant in GARS1. The patients' clinical data, nerve conduction studies, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and intraepidermal nerve fiber density in skin biopsies were reviewed.

Results

The mean age at onset was 9.5 years; the intrinsic hand muscles were affected before or at the same time as the distal leg musculature. The clinical examination revealed greater weakness of the distal muscles, with a more pronounced involvement of the thenar complex and the first dorsal interosseous in upper limbs. Electrophysiological studies were concordant with an exclusively motor axonal neuropathy. A pathologic split hand index was found in six patients. Muscle MRI showed predominant fatty infiltration and atrophy of the anterolateral and superficial posterior compartment of the legs. Most patients reported distal pinprick sensory loss. A reduced intraepidermal nerve fiber density was evident in skin biopsies from proximal and distal sites in nine patients.

Conclusions

GARS1 variants may produce a dHMN phenotype with “split hand” and sensory disturbances, even when sensory nerve conduction studies are normal. This could be explained by a dysfunction of sensory neurons in the dorsal ganglion that is reflected as a reduction of dermal nerve endings in skin biopsies without a distal gradient.