bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar Pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika
Authors: Hanifa Nisa , Siregar Nurlina , Azzahra Puan Yasmin , Murni Riska
Published: September 2024

Salah satu mata pelajaran yang banyak mengalami kendala bagi siswa adalah mata pelajaran matematika. Adapun kebanyakan siswa berpikir bahwa pelajaran yang berhubungan dengan perhitungan merupakan pelajaran yang sulit  untuk dipahami. Penelitian yang dilakukan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa faktor kesulitan belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran Matematika dan upaya yang harus dilakukan untuk mengatasi kesulitan belajar Matematika. Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan jenis data kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian kita dapat mengatahui faktor yang menyebabkan kesulitan belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran matematika yaitu Faktor internal seperti siswa menganggap pelajaran matematika sulit, kurangnya konsentrasi siswa, kurangnya motivasi belajar siswa, kurangnya minat siswa dan kesehatan tubuh siswa. Faktor eksternal yaitu, variasi guru dalam mengajar, penggunaan media pembelajaran, kurangnya sarana dan prasarana di sekolah, lingkungan keluarga. Kemudian kita juga dapat mengetahui upaya yang harus dilakukan agar untuk megatasi kesulitan belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran Matematika yaitu degan cara diagnosis kesulitan belajar peserta didik dilakukan sedini mungkin, berpikir inuitif peserta didik dikembangkan, konsep dari matematika yang meliputi beberapa rumus dan berbagai macam teori diajarkan kembali kepada peserta didik diluar jam pembelajaran sekolah dan lain sebagainya. Dengan demikian kita dapat menarik kesimpulan bahwa sebagian besar peserta didik beranggapan bahwa materi pada konsep matematika merupakan salah satu materi yang sulit untuk dipahami. Adapun sebagian besar siswa memaparkan bahwa mata pelajaran yang memiliki keterkaitan dengan perhitungan merupakan mata pelajaran yang sulit untuk dipahami.
PENGARUH MC KENZIE CERVICAL EXERCISE TERHADAP NECK PAIN AKIBAT FORWARD HEAD POSTURE DI MASA PANDEMI COVID 19 PADA PEKERJA KANTOR
Authors: Revalina Elviani Faiziah , Romadhoni Dea Linia
Published: September 2024

Latar belakang: Neck pain merupakan spasme atau ketegangan otot pada area leher yang menyebabkan keterbatasan pergerakan leher jadi fungsional leher akan terhambat. Mc kenzie Cervical Exercise merupakan latihan untuk mengurangi rasa nyeri pada leher juga dapat meningkatkan fleksibilitas otot leher, dapat membantu dalam peningkatan range of motion yang terbatas, pengurangan spasme pada otot. Tujuan: Mengetahui tentang pengaruh mc kenzie cervical exercise terhadap neck pain akibat  forward head posture di masa pandemi covid 19 pada pekerja kantor. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan quasi eksperimental dengan one group pre and post test dengan jumlah sampel 25 responden. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan Numeric Rating Scale. Intervensi Mc Kenzie Cervical Exercise dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali selama 3 minggu. Analisis data menggunakan uji pengaruh Marginal Homogenity. Hasil: Marginal Homogenity test berdasarkan pengukuran nyeri menggunakan NRS terhadap neck pain pada pekerja kantor sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan, menunjukkan hasil signifikansi p=0,001 yang berarti (p<0.05). Kesimpulan: Ada pengaruh Mc Kenzie Cervical Exercise terhadap Neck Pain akibat Forward Head Posture di masa pandemi covid 19 pada pekerja kantor.
PENGARUH GERAKAN SENAM IRAMA TERHADAP PENINGKATAN MOTORIK KASAR ANAK USIA 4-5 TAHUN DI TKIT ‘AISYIYAH LABAN MOJOLABAN SUKOHARJO
Authors: Febriana Intan , Rini Widarti  , Alinda Nur Ramadhani
Published: September 2024

Latar belakang; Perkembangan motorik kasar pada anak merupakan suatu proses aktifitas fisik yang selalu berhubungan dengan gerak meliputi penggunaan otot-otot besar dan kecil yang melibatkan otot, saraf, dan otak yang terdiri dari unsur keterampilan. Aktifitas fisik yang melibatkan kerja dari otot besar dapat mengoptimalkan perkembangan motorik kasar seperti pada kegiatan olahraga, menari, modeling, dan drama. Salah satu modalitas fisioterapi untuk meningkatkan motorik kasar pada anak yaitu dengan pemberian senam irama. Tujuan; Mengetahui adanya pengaruh pemberian senam irama terhadap peningkatan motorik anak usia 4-5 tahun di TKIT ‘Aisyiyah Laban Mojolaban Sukoharjo. Metode; Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi experimental dengan one group pre-test post-test. Populasi dalam penelitian iniadalah semua anak yang berusia 4-5 tahun di TKIT ‘Aisyiyah Laban Mojolaban Sukoharjo. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi, dengan responden sebanyak 25 anak diberikan perlakuan selama 2 minggu setiap minggu 2 kali pertemuan. Pengukuran motorik kasar menggunakan TGMD-2. Hasil; Hasil penelitian menggunakan uji Paired T-Test diketahui bahwa hasil pengukuran motorik kasar dengan TGMD-2 sebelum dan sesudah diberikan senam irama diperoleh hasil signifikan dengan nilai p=0,001 (p<0,005). Kesimpulan; Adanya pengaruh pemberian senam irama terhadap peningkatan motorik kasar anak usia 4-5 tahun
Pengukuran Risiko Ergonomi Pekerja Kantor PT XYZ Menggunakan Metode Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA)
Authors: Irawan Dedi , Tarigan Ian Gerson , Sitania Farida Djumiati
Published: September 2024

Ergonomi adalah suatu cabang ilmu yang secara sistematis memanfaatkan informasi-informasi mengenai sifat, kemampuan, dan keterbatasan manusia untuk merancang suatu sistem kerja sehingga orang dapat hidup dan bekerja pada sistem itu dengan baik, yaitu mencapai tujuan yang diinginkan melalui pekerjaan itu dengan efektif, aman, dan nyaman. Untuk mencapai hasil yang optimal, perlu diperhatikan performansi pekerjanya. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhinya adalah postur dan sikap tubuh pada saat melakukan aktivitas tersebut. Hal tersebut sangat penting untuk diperhatikan karena hasil produksi sangat dipengaruhi oleh apa yang dilakukan pekerja. Pengukuran ergonomi metode ROSA adalah salah satu metode penilaian risiko untuk pekerjaan yang dilakukan di ruangan kantor yang menggunakan peralatan komputer. Hasil tanyajawab langsung dengan salah satu karyawan PT XYZ, didapatkan data yaitu detail pekerjaannya menngunakan perangkat kerja Personal Computer (PC) untuk memasukkan data-data pekerjaan seperti laporan. Durasi pemakaian komputer (PC) dijalankan selama 6 jam, sesuai dengan jam kerja dan waktu jeda 1 jam dipergunakan untuk istirahat. Posisi kerja dinilai berdasarkan posisi pekerja saat melakukan pekerjaan yang memiliki frekuensi dan durasi yang paling sering dilakukannya.Penetapan faktor risiko dari penggunaan komputer ditetapkan dalam beberapa bagian yaitu kursi, monitor, telepon, mouse dan keyboard. Berdasarkan skor akhir ROSA yang diperoleh dari penilaian posisi kerja, fasilitas, yang tersedia maka didapatkan skor yaitu sebesar 3. Artinya risiko pekerjaan memiliki bobot nilai ringan dan harus dipertahankan agar tidak meningkat menjadi lebih tinggi agar tidak berdampak risiko lebih tinggi Perbaikan yang dilakukan untuk meminimalisir risiko ergonomis yakni dengan safety talk, penggunaan fasilitas kantor semaksimal mungkin, rotasi pekerjaan hingga sosialisasi terkait standar ergonomi di perusahaan.
Penerapan Metode FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) untuk Menganalisis Risiko Kecacatan pada Produk Plywood
Authors: Dahlia Azura , Profita Anggriani
Published: September 2024

PT. XYZ merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang industri kayu lapis atau plywood yang menjual berbagai jenis produk kayu berkualitas. Berdasarkan data produksi bulan Januari – Juni 2022, PT. XYZ telah memproduksi 3.724.379 buah plywood dengan produk cacat yang dihasilkan sebesar 472.182 buah. Pada penelitian ini peneliti melakukan analisis risiko terhadap produk cacat down grade karena plywood dengan cacat down grade memiliki tingkat presentase cacat yang sangat besar yaitu sebanyak 353.615 dengan presentase rata-rata sebesar 9,5%. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode FMEA untuk memberikan penilaian terhadap tiga faktor yang menunjukkan faktor risiko yaitu severity, occurance dan detection. Hasil akhir yang didapatkan adalah potential risk untuk mengetahui prioritas risiko yang selanjutnya akan diberikan usulan perbaikan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di PT. XYZ diketahui cacat dowm grade memiliki 10 jenis cacat yaitu cacat core bertindih, cacat press, cacat core sampah, cacat face/back pecah, cacat face/back bertindih, cacat sander, cacat face/back kurang lebar, cacat core tebal tipis, cacat core tidak rata, dan cacat core kasar. Dari 10 risiko didapatkan 5 risiko dengan tingkat risiko kritis yang harus segera mendapat perbaikan yaitu risiko cacat core bertindih dengan akar penyebab terjadi produk cacat core bertindih karena penyusunan core pada proses glue tidak rata, risiko cacat press dengan akar penyebab terjadi produk cacat press karena seringnya terdapat sampah pada platen mesin hotpress, risiko core sampah dengan akar penyebab terjadi produk cacat core sampah karena kebersihan pada bagian glue setting kurang diperhatikan, risiko face/back bertindih dengan akar penyebab terjadi produk cacat face/back bertindih karena pemberian gummed tape pada face repair terlalu rapat atau overlap, dan terakhir risiko core kasar dengan akar penyebab terjadi produk cacat core kasar karena pada bagian core repair tidak ditambal dengan veneer yang standar.
Implementasi Stasiun Pengisian Kendaraan Listrik Umum (SPKLU) Sebagai Infrastruktur Penunjang Electrical Vehicle dalam Mendukung Net Zero Emission
Authors: Wahyudi Khairunnisa
Published: September 2024

Peningkatan jumlah kendaraan bermotor di Indonesia telah menimbulkan keprihatinan terhadap konsumsi Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM) yang signifikan, mengakibatkan kenaikan impor BBM dan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, pengadopsian Electrical Vehicle (EV) dijadikan salah satu solusi, sebagaimana diatur dalam Perpres No. 55 Tahun 2019 Tentang Percepatan Program Kendaraan Bermotor Listrik Berbasis Baterai. Dalam hal ini, pentingnya Stasiun Pengisian Kendaraan Listrik Umum (SPKLU) menjadi fokus utama, karena merupakan infrastruktur kunci dalam memfasilitasi penggunaan EV secara lebih luas di Indonesia. Meskipun terjadi peningkatan jumlah SPKLU, namun wilayah penyebarannya masih belum merata dan lebih banyak berada di Pulau Jawa. Hal ini mengindikasikan perlunya langkah strategis dan perubahan persepsi masyarakat untuk memperluas adopsi EV ke seluruh Indonesia, termasuk Kalimantan. Dengan demikian, peran SPKLU menjadi sangat penting dalam mendorong mobilitas yang ramah lingkungan dan mendukung pencapaian target Net Zero Emission (NZE). Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya lebih lanjut untuk menyebarkan infrastruktur SPKLU ke daerah-daerah yang belum terjangkau, serta meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat akan manfaat penggunaan EV untuk lingkungan dan keberlanjutan.
Macroeconomic Indicators and Non-performing Loans and Banking Profitability Effect For Gross Domestic Product (Case Study Indonesia Economic and Banking)
Authors: Widodo Samdito Unggul , Ramadhania Puspita Mahardika
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of inflation, Bank Indonesia interest rates (BI-rate), non-performing loans (NPL), profitability (profits) on gross domestic product in Indonesia in 2012-2021. Multiple linear regression model is used as the analysis model and secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and the Financial Services Authority (OJK) are collected for this study. The results suggest that: (1) a negative coefficient of inflation implies that an increase in inflation will lead to a decrease in GDP at current prices, based on the probability of the significance of inflation on GDP at current prices; (2) a positive coefficient of interest rates implies that an increase in interest rates will lead to an increase in GDP at current prices, based on the probability of the insignificance of interest rates on GDP at current prices; (3) a positive coefficient of NPLs implies that an increase in NPLs will lead to an increase in GDP at current prices, based on the probability of the significance of NPLs on GDP at current prices; (4) a positive coefficient of profitability implies that an increase in profitability will lead to an increase in GDP at current prices, based on the probability of the significance of profitability on GDP at current prices. Overall, inflation, interest rates, NPLs, and profitability have a significant impact on GDP at current prices.
Investigation of GIS-based Analytical Hierarchy Process for Multi-Criteria Earthquake Risk Assessment: The Case Study of Kahramanmaras Province
Authors: Atik Muhammed Enes , Safi Obaidurrahman
Published: September 2024

The risk level that earthquakes pose to the environment depends on different factors. Correctly analyzing the effects of these factors is an important step to identify risky areas before the earthquake. Geographic information systems (GIS) provide essential tools for determining the weights of these factors, analyzing them, and creating risk maps. Two devastating earthquakes occurred in Türkiye in February 2023, centered in Kahramanmaras. In this study, a research was carried out to estimate the damage caused by the earthquake in Kahramanmaras by analyzing pre-earthquake data with GIS. The determined factors are seven: fault line risk zone, epicenter risk zone, depth of the magnitude, slope, curvature, population density and building density. These factors have created different weighting scenarios with the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). As a result of the analyses, risk maps were produced. Evaluations were made by comparing the risk maps produced with DPM. Considering all the factors, these results highlight the importance of considering multiple risk criteria when evaluating the potentiality of damage in the study region.
Caminhos de classificações e avaliações na escola: um estudo sobre as taxonomias professorais sobre o aluno
Authors: Kapicius Plessim Vinicius
Published: October 2024

O artigo tem como objetivo compreender como as classificações sociais se transformam em classificações escolares através da jurisprudência professoral. Por meio da pesquisa qualitativa, pautada em estudo de campo, foram produzidas oito entrevistas com docentes que atuam na Escola Municipal Expedicionário Aquino de Araújo, instituição localizada na periferia fluminense, em Duque de Caxias. Procuramos compreender como as avaliações se transformam numa lógica impositiva perpetrada pelo medo e coerção social. Nesta lógica, procuramos identificar as principais dificuldades apresentadas pelos alunos em testes e provas aplicadas, bem como as principais estratégias suscitadas pelos educadores na premissa de obter melhorias na aprendizagem do aluno e em suas avaliações. A hipótese aventada é que as avaliações operam numa lógica normatizadora para que a cultura escolar possa se reproduzir socialmente e a produção de como a avaliação escolar acarreta num aumento da exclusão, da seleção e da competitividade no interior do estabelecimento de ensino, permitindo maquiar as desigualdades sociais e econômicas existentes. Também destacamos a importância do professor refletir sobre a sua prática pedagógica na premissa de rever os métodos empregados no processo ensino-aprendizagem.
THE RELEVANCE OF INNOVATIVE FORMS OF EDUCATION AND THEIR IMPLEMENTATION INTO THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE TRANSPORT UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Yashina Y.V. , Volkov Y.A. ,   Russian University of Transport (MIIT)
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the implementation of innovative methods into the educational process and consideration of the results of their implementation. Also, a brief analysis of positive and negative aspects of the implementation of innovative forms into the process of education is carried out.
THEORETICAL AND METHODICAL ASPECTS OF TEACHING TRANSLATIONAL SKILLS TO STUDENTS OF NON-PHILOLOGICAL SPECIALITIES
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia, Nikulina M.A.
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to issues, dealing with the preparation of competent translators in professional communication area. The focus is placed on necessity to distinguish in the process of teaching between, the so called, educational (which is aimed exceptionally at conveying the contents) and professional (which is also aimed at conveying the psycho-esthetical effect of an original text) levels of translation.
THEORETICAL AND METHODICAL ASPECTS OF TEACHING T   Russian University of Transport (MIIT)  N.D. Ovchinnikova   E.V. Sachkova  Russian University of Transport (MIIT)
NEW TERMINOLOGY AS THE RESULT OF INNOVATIVE PROCESSES IN GREEN AND LEAN LOGISTICS
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia, Nikulina M.A.
Published: September 2024

The article deals with the problem of the development of the terminological system of new branches of logistics such as green logistics and lean logistics. The article includes the analysis of new terms that reflect the innovative development of these branches.
ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES IN THE CONTEXT OF ROAD TRAFFIC ENGINEERING CURRICULA ANDTEACHING PROCESS AUTOMATION APPROACHES
Authors:   Academy of Applied Studies of Kosovo and Metohija, Leposavić, Serbia, Rajović Jelena , Vešović Marija ,   The University Adriatic Bar, Montenegro, Mylnikova Anna ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russian Federation
Published: September 2024

This paper deals with the theoretical and practical analysis of the English language curricula at tertiary level of education implemented at Western Balkan Universities, with the emphasis on the Road traffic study programs/modules. The aim was to investigate the most important aspects of given curricula, such as objectives, outcomes, content, and structure. The results have shown that the majority of analyzed curricula are based on General English and need to be harmonized with the students’ and profession needs.The need of modifying the curriculum in order to meet the requirements of international professional competences in ESP should be the priority of every higher education institution.
METHODOLOGICAL MODELING OF EDUCATIONAL MATERIAL ON THE WAY TO FORMING PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Reshetnikova V.V.
Published: September 2024

The article reveals the concept and essence of methodological modeling of educational material in teaching a professionally oriented foreign language at a non-linguistic university. The issues of formation of a professional concept sphere, the use of interactive methods and techniques for teaching English-language communication to future engineers, differentiation of the degree of complexity, conditions of implementation and forms of control are considered.
PRINCIPLES OF CREATING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEXTBOOK FOR IT-SPECIALITY STUDENTS (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF «ENGLISH FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 2: INTERMEDIATE» TEXTBOOK)
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Sakharov Y.A.
Published: September 2024

The author formulates the principles that determine the structure and content of a textbook on professional foreign language for students of technical universities. The article lists the prerequisites and factors to be taken into account when editing a textbook. The textbook can be applied in content and language integrated learning.
THE LOGIC OF FORMING THE READINESS OF YOUNG STUDENTS TO PARTICIPATE IN SOCIO-CULTURAL PRACTICES
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Skvortsov K.V.
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the logic of forming the readiness of young students to participate in sociocultural practices, considers the requirements for public speaking, to minimize the risk of errors, building speech in the form of a dialogue, observing its reaction, maintaining contact with the audience.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FORMATION OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE AMONG SPECIALISTS IN THE OPERATION OF INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Yakushkina P.I.
Published: September 2024

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the prospects of digital technologies usage (based on the sample of an online-board) in teaching a foreign language to non-linguistic specialty students. A detailed analysis of online-board technology in teaching a foreign language is accomplished, and the characteristics of a number of existing online-boards are compared.
A case study of implementing generative AI in university’s general English courses
Authors: Lee Yong Jik , Davis Robert O.
Published: September 2024

This research investigated the effects of generative AI on affective factors (motivation, interest, and confidence) of English as a foreign language (EFL) learners enrolled in Korean university-level general English courses. During the Spring 2024 semester, this study involved 89 participants exposed to a generative AI-based instruction model. Compared to traditional methodologies, these results highlight the potential effectiveness of generative AI-based English instruction for writing and speaking in supporting linguistic proficiency and positive affective attitudes toward language learning among EFL learners.
How does Cultural Distance Affect Chinese Companies’ Outward Foreign Investment? Evidence from the Belt and Road Initiative
Authors: Fan Zheng , Liu Lihang , Fan Peihua
Published: September 2024

Being proposed from 2013, the Belt and Road Initiative highlights five focuses, which are policy coordination, unimpeded trade, financial integration, facilities connectivity and people-to-people bond respectively. However, we propose that the implementation of people-to-people bond could be hampered by cultural distance between different countries and thus negatively affecting the fulfillment of other focuses. Hence, it’ s an essential prerequisite to verify the impact of cultural distance so as to better promote the connectivity among Belt and Road partners. In this study, we conduct an empirical study on the impact of cultural distance on Chinese companies’ OFDI using a panel data set of 40 countries along the Belt and Road over the period 2014-2020. Results show that cultural distance has a negative impact on Chinese companies’ OFDI in Belt and Road partner countries. What is more, it’ s found that based on the model of national culture developed by Hofstede, Chinese companies pay more attention to the similarity in the cultural dimension of masculinity with host countries when making outbound investment. Our research has both theoretical and practical implications to relevant research fields and the Belt and Road practice. Keywords: the Belt and Road initiative, cultural distance, Chinese companies’ OFDI, cultural dimension, masculinity
Domestic Growth and External Equilibrium: The Early Years of Transatlantic Economic Integration
Authors: Selva Simone
Published: September 2024

This contribution explores the category of international economic interdependence through the case study of the economic mobilisation within each of the infant Atlantic Alliance’s member state economy, as well as the industrial and trade integration that NATO’s multilateral rearmament programs stimulated in the early 1950s. Assuming a definition of economic interdependence as the ratio of transnational flows in capital and consumer goods to domestic growth, this article focuses on the transition from U.S. bilateral assistance programs to the inception of multilateral off-shore procurement programs (OSP) launched by NATO to provide European partners with both military assistance, and balance of payments support as well as continued economic assistance to industrial production and employment after the termination of Marshall Plan economic aid. Some references are made to the case study of Italy to explore this multifaceted nature of NATO collective rearmament as then Italy both suffered from balance of payments disequilibria, and came with a real economy that, unlike many other European economies, featured both unutilised industrial capacity and a painful rate of unemployment. The allotment of military production contracts to the Italian aircraft and mechanical industry to provide the Italian and other NATO partners with military end items and products, combined with a call by Washington on the West European governments to raise defense spending, was intended to target the U.S. objective of making the Atlantic Alliance the engine to attain at the same time industrial integration, trade partnership and balance of payments equilibrium among its member nations, as well as sustained aggregate demand within each of them. Therefore, the off-shore procurements programs were a combination of these elements and became the fly-wheel to combine domestic growth and high level of transnational flows in capital and consumer goods germane to the process of economic interdependence. A set of data aimed at comparing key macroeconomic conditions affected by bilateral and multilateral aid as employment rates, balance of payments equilibrium, foreign exchange reserves, and particularly the inflow of dollar-denominated assets, as well as the terms of trade of OEEC countries with the United States and the dollar world from prior to the inception of multilateral military assistance to the full implementation of the OSP programs are offered to provide a quantitative assessment of the impact that multilateralisation of rearmament had on the European economies of NATO in a matter of a few years. Keywords: transatlantic economic relations, military assistance, economic integration, rearmament and balance of payments, NATO off-shore procurements, balance of payments, trade balance, employment rate, foreign exchange reserves
Construção e validação de cartilhas educativas acerca de antineoplásicos orais
Authors: COSTA Andrieli Meira , MOURA Miriane Regina , MENDES Antônio Matoso , ROCHA Camile
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Construir e validar cartilhas educativas sobre a terapia antineoplásica oral destinada a pacientes com doenças oncológicas ou hematológicas atendidos em regime ambulatorial. Método: O estudo foi realizado em duas etapas: a) Elaboração das cartilhas educativas para pacientes adultos, com base em referências nacionais e internacionais, com informações para os antineoplásicos orais: Anagrelida, Ciclofosfamida, Clorambucil, Melfalano, Lomustina, Mercaptopurina, Metotrexato, Mitotano, Pazopanibe, Sorafenibe, Temozolamida, Tioguanina, Ruxolitinibe e Tretinoína; b) Validação dos materiais desenvolvidos entre especialistas na área (farmacêuticos oncologistas e/ou hematologistas), utilizando a Metodologia Delphi, com avaliação do layout e conteúdo com escala Likert. A dispersão dos dados foi analisada pelo intervalo interquartil (IQR) e a adequação do tópico foi definida como uma mediana superior a 3,0. Resultados: As cartilhas educativas foram desenvolvidas contemplando informações a relacionadas a (i) indicação, (ii) modo de administração, (iii) eventos adversos, armazenamento e (iv) outros cuidados necessários pelo paciente. A validação inicial contou com 19 farmacêuticos especialistas em oncologia e/ou hematologia, espalhados por todo o território nacional. Na primeira rodada de avaliação houve discordância entre os especialistas em duas questões, ambas relacionadas ao conteúdo do material (trechos em destaque e linguagem utilizada). Após a adequação dos pontos com discordância, as cartilhas foram novamente analisadas e validadas por oito especialistas que permaneceram na pesquisa na segunda rodada. Conclusão: A estratégia escolhida permitiu a validação por especialistas do conteúdo educativo de cartilhas com orientações escritas sobre a farmacoterapia que serão entregues ao paciente/cuidador, abordando tópicos relevantes para diferentes medicamentos, onde constam informações com evidências científicas assertivas, associando ilustrações e linguagem de fácil compreensão pela população adulta.
Studies on in vitro germination on endemic Salvia L. species
Authors: Orcan Pınar , Kuru İbrahim Selçuk
Published: September 2024

This study used seeds of two endemic sage plants (Salvia siirtica and Salvia kronenburgii) as a starting material. Mucilage causes dormancy in the seeds of these plants. Therefore, it is important to improve the germination performance of these plants’ seeds, and in this study, some treatments were applied to the seeds before or during sowing. To this end, sodium hypochlorite, ethyl alcohol, gibberellic acid, seed cracking, removal of the seed coat, pre-cold treatment, and sulfuric acid treatments were applied to the seeds of the two species separately or in combination, and their germination performances were investigated in comparison with a control group. Considering the results higher germination rates were obtained for both plants compared to the control group in all treatments except sulfuric acid treatments. The best germination rate for both plants was obtained from the treatments where the seed coat was mechanically removed. In this treatment, the germination rate in S. siirtica increased 3.3 times, while it increased 2.4 times in S. kronenburgii compared to the control group. Additionally, GA treatments for S. siirtica and cold pre-treatments for S. kronenburgii significantly increased germination rates. In light of these results, the removal of the seed coat, gibberellic acid, and cold pre-treatment effectively broke dormancy in sage seeds and increased germination rates.
Cross-linguistic dissociations in Kannada-English bilingual persons with aphasia and alexia
Authors: Swamy Akshaya , Sathyapal Puri Goswami
Published: September 2024

Individuals with alexia manifest reading impairments comparable to spoken language impairments. With escalating dependency on communication through texts, emails, and other social media sources, these individuals express their interest in improving written language skills as well. Alexia in bilinguals in the Indian scenario is of special interest, owing to diverse geographical, cultural, traditional, and linguistic demarcations in India. Although substantial research is reported on bilingual aphasia, evidence on bilingual alexia is scarce. The study aimed to explore the cross-linguistic dissociations in Kannada-English bilingual individuals with alexia in post-stroke survivors. Thirteen Kannada-English bilingual individuals (10 males and 3 females) with reading and language impairments post ictus, above 18 years of age were recruited. Participants were subjected to neurobehavioral linguistic and reading tasks in both Kannada and English. The performance of linguistic tasks and reading tasks were analysed for cross-linguistic distinctions, linguistics versus reading, and correlation between linguistics and reading abilities. Results revealed evident cross-linguistic dissociations, wherein participants outperformed in Kannada (L1) in both linguistics and reading domains. All performed superior in the linguistics domain compared to reading. In both languages, semantic abilities were best performed within the linguistic domains. Oral reading abilities fared poor scores relative to reading comprehension. The correlation analysis revealed strong correlation between oral reading and semantics > phonology > syntax. Reading comprehension strongly correlated to syntax > phonology > semantics. The study proved convincing linguistic influences on reading abilities in Kannada- English bilingual context. Most investigations have predominantly centred on case observations, and have often lacked thorough pre- and post-rehabilitation assessments of linguistic and reading impairments using equivalent tests in a bilingual context. This study proves to be a preliminary attempt in this context. A much larger bilingual alexia cohort would aid in substantiating the reading impairments in a variant of subgrouping of aphasia.
Seismicity-constrained fault detection and characterization with a multitask machine learning model
Authors: Gao Kai , Chen Ting
Published: September 2024

Geological fault detection and characterization from geophysical data have been one of the center challenges in geophysics and seismology as it holds the key to understanding subsurface dynamics ranging from borehole, reservoir, to regional scales. While paradigms of auto or semi-auto fault delineation either based on seismicity location analysis or on seismic migration image reflector discontinuity identification have been well established, a systematic method that can integrate both seismic image and seismicity location information is still missing. We develop a novel machine learning (ML) model that integrates seismic reflector image and seismicity location information into a unified model to automatically identify geological faults and characterize their geometrical properties. We detail the architecture of this neural network, the strategy and procedure of high-quality training data-label generation, as well as the validation results on the trained models. Specially, we also use two field data examples to validate the efficacy and accuracy of our ML model. The results demonstrate that by integrating seismicity location information and seismic migration image in a unified framework, the end-to-end neural network provides notably higher fidelity in delineating subsurface faults and its geometrical properties compared with image-only fault detection methods.
Unveiling Year-Round Cropland Cover by Soil-Specific Spectral Unmixing of Landsat and Sentinel-2 Time Series
Authors: Lobert Felix , Schwieder Marcel , Alsleben Jonas , Broeg Tom , Kowalski Katja , Okujeni Akpona , Hostert Patrick , Erasmi Stefan
Published: September 2024

Croplands are essential for food security but also impact the environment, biodiversity, and climate. Understanding, monitoring, modeling, and managing these impacts require accurate, comprehensive information on cropland vegetation cover. This study aimed to continuously monitor the state and vegetative processes of cropland, focusing on the assessment of bare soil and its cover with photosynthetic vegetation (PV) and non-photosynthetic vegetation (NPV) at the national level. We employed regression-based unmixing techniques using time series of Sentinel-2 and Landsat imagery to quantify cover fractions of NPV, PV, and soil across the whole cultivation period. Our approach extends existing spectral unmixing methods by incorporating a novel soil-specific unmixing process based on a soil reflectance composite, which accounts for variations in the spectral characteristics of soils. All cover fractions were predicted with mean absolute errors between 0.13 and 0.19. Introducing soil-specific unmixing improved the accuracy of soil and NPV fractions without compromising PV predictions, particularly benefiting areas with bright soils. These findings demonstrate the efficacy of our method in accurately predicting crop cover throughout the cultivation period and underline the added value of incorporating the soil adjustment into the unmixing workflow. The contributions of this research are twofold: first, it provides essential data for the continuous monitoring of cropland cover, supporting agricultural carbon cycle and soil erosion modeling. Second, it enables further investigation into cropland management practices, such as cover cropping and tillage, through time series analysis techniques. This work underscores the potential of advanced spectral unmixing methods for enhancing agricultural monitoring and management strategies.
Morality-as-Cooperation Theory in Iran: Validation of the Persian Morality-as-Cooperation Questionnaire
Authors: Nejat Pegah , Hazrati Mahsa
Published: September 2024

Morality-as-Cooperation Theory (MAC) views moral values in terms of seven distinct domains. Given the recency of this theory and the paucity of empirical data putting it to the test from countries other than the theory’s birthplace, this study aimed to examine reliability and validity of Morality-as-Cooperation Questionnaire (N = 552) in Iran. A set of external scales assessing various values were used for assessing convergent validity of MAC-Q. Both correlated seven-factor and second-order individualizing-binding two-factor models showed good fit, particularly for separate Relevance and Judgement sections. The majority of MAC-Q, especially Judgement, subscales correlated significantly and most strongly with their corresponding external scales. Alphas were generally higher for Relevance than Judgement subscales. Moreover, MAC-Q, especially Judgement, made significant improvement over MFQ in predicting most external scales. We conclude by highlighting MAC-Q subscales in highest need of internal consistency enhancement or content refinement, as well as providing suggestions.
ФЕНОМЕНОЛОГІЧНА БАГАТОАСПЕКТНІСТЬ НЕПЕРЕРВНОЇ ОСВІТИ В УМОВАХ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: Алексєєнко-Лемовська Людмила
Published: September 2024

Цифрові технології дедалі глибше проникають у всі сфери життя, зокрема в освіту. Вони змінюють способи отримання, передачі та обробки інформації, що відкриває нові можливості для навчання, але також створює нові виклики. У контексті неперервної освіти, яка передбачає постійне оновлення знань і навичок протягом життя, цифровізація сприяє доступу до знань у будь-який час та з будь-якого місця, що робить її надзвичайно важливою для сучасного суспільства. Феноменологічний підхід дозволяє глибше зрозуміти освітні процеси, враховуючи індивідуальний досвід, соціальні контексти та суб'єктивне сприйняття освіти. Він підкреслює, що освіта – це не просто передача знань, а складний, багатогранний процес, який формується під впливом особистісних і соціальних чинників. Такий підхід є надзвичайно важливим у дослідженні того, як цифрові технології змінюють навчальні практики та вплив на суспільні відносини й соціально-гуманітарну сферу.Цифровізація не лише змінює освітні процеси, але й трансформує суспільні відносини, впливаючи на соціальну структуру, професійні зв'язки та культурні практики. В умовах глобальної взаємодії та зростання значущості цифрових технологій для міжособистісних і суспільних комунікацій, неперервна освіта може сприяти підтримці та розвитку цих відносин, спрямованих на сталий розвиток.Сталий розвиток вимагає постійного балансу між економічними, соціальними та екологічними потребами. Освіта є ключовим чинником цього розвитку, оскільки вона забезпечує суспільство знаннями та навичками, необхідними для розв'язання сучасних викликів. Неперервна освіта, особливо в умовах цифровізації, стає невід'ємною частиною цього процесу, адже вона сприяє адаптації до швидких змін і забезпечує довгострокову стійкість суспільних відносин. Розвиток соціально-гуманітарної сфери під впливом цифрових технологій вимагає комплексного підходу до дослідження, що включає аналіз культурних, етичних і соціальних аспектів. Це актуалізує проблематику дослідження, оскільки цифровізація впливає не тільки на технічні аспекти життя, але й на фундаментальні людські цінності, що формують основу соціально-гуманітарної сфери. Метою статті є аналіз феноменологічної багатоаспектності неперервної освіти в умовах цифровізації та вивчення її впливу на розвиток суспільних відносин і соціально-гуманітарної сфери. Особлива увага приділяється розкриттю того, як цифрові технології трансформують освітні процеси, сприяють соціальній інклюзії та забезпечують розвиток соціально-гуманітарного потенціалу суспільства.
JEL Класифікація: І21, І32, І25.
РОЛЬ МАРКЕТИНГУ В УПРАВЛІННІ АГРАРНИМ ПІДПРИЄМСТВОМ
Authors: Кузьменко Ольга
Published: September 2024

У статті представлено аналіз інформації щодо ролі маркетингу в формуванні результативної діяльності підприємств аграрного сектору економіки. Визначено особливості проведення комплексу маркетингових заходів в сільськогосподарських підприємствах. Визначено, що в державній економіці, в тому числі в аграрній сфері, спостерігається незначна роль маркетингу, що пов’язано виключно з заходами для збільшення продажів та максимізації прибутку на підприємстві, відсутнє довгострокове планування. Гнучкість виробників до змін в зовнішньому середовищі та швидка їх реакція на ринкові коливання, паралельно застосовуючи інновації зможуть забезпечити конкурентні переваги сільському господарству та знизити вплив негативних факторів.
Підтверджено, що через інструментарій маркетингу здійснюється вплив на ступені ризиків підприємств, на підвищення їх конкурентоспроможності та в цілому на економічну ефективність їх функціонування. Визначено, що для ефективного ведення підприємництва доцільно використовувати новітній інструментарій: гнучкість, маневреність, ситуативність, соціальну відповідальність, Digital та ін.
 
JEL Класифікація: М3, М10.
ІНФОРМАТИЗАЦІЯ ДЕРЖАВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ: ТЕРНИСТИЙ ШЛЯХ ПІДНЕСЕННЯ
Authors: Нестеренко Олександр
Published: September 2024

Метою дослідження є визначення інформаційно-технологічних та методологічних шляхів розв'язання актуальних проблем забезпечування підвищення рівня розвитку засобів інформатизації органів державного управління за часи незалежності України. Проведено огляд публікацій світової наукової спільноти на основі пошуку з використанням сервісу Google books Ngram Viewer, а також у вітчизняних та міжнародних наукометричних базах даних,  таких як  ресурси Національної бібліотеки України імені В.І. Вернадського,  Scopus та Web of Science. Цей огляд розглядає такі дослідницькі питання: а) які часові тренди демонструє статистика досліджень; б) які сфери створення та використання засобів електронного уряду розглядаються у дослідженнях; в) які державні стратегії відображені в публікаціях для подолання проблем розвитку електронного урядування. Основні результати свідчать, що дослідники приділяють увагу питанням розвитку інформатизації органів управління саме в контексті поняття «електронний уряд» в різних тематичних категоріях, таких як загальні питання,  питання надання адміністративних послуг, політико-правові питання та вивчення закордонного досвіду. Водночас залишились поза увагою технологічні аспекти формування інформаційних систем в органах влади, зокрема з аналітичною складовою та засобами підтримки прийняття рішень. Це свідчить про існування розриву між потребами суспільства та станом інформатизації сфери державного управління. Систематичні огляди літератури, подібні до проведеного, можуть бути основою формування інформаційних мета-ресурсів, які доцільно використовувати відповідальними особами для підтримки прийняття рішень щодо формування засобів інформатизації, а також безпосередньо фахівцями різних галузей в процесі формування та модернізації інформаційних систем органів управління.
 
JEL Класифікація: C81; C82; D83; L86; H11; H79; M15; O33.
Connecting South-South Communities
Authors: Danial Yusof
Published: September 2024

While introducing critical theory in international relations (IR), Marcos Farias Ferreira referred to the works of the radical IR scholar, Robert W. Cox. In it he posits that unlike the realist approach, critical theory views IR not be in isolation from social forces. There is a need to view global politics (here I would suggest that this applies to comparative politics and area studies as well) as a construct that evolves through the complexity of state, sub-state, trans-state forces in economic, cultural and ideological spheres i.e. a combination of the material and ideational in acquiring legitimacy, emancipation and political order.  The author of this book adopts this approach.
Factors Influencing Information Adoption in Hotel Reservation Decisions of Chinese Consumers: An Analysis of Information Quality, Credibility, Needs, and Attitudes
Authors: Xu He
Published: September 2024

Internet and digital media are the prevailing paradigm to determine the decision making of consumers who use different websites and social media platforms to surf for the latest information about their desired products and services. With this rising trend in the consumers, and focusing on the provided online information, this study designed its objectives to elucidate the impact of hotel booking intentions of the consumers on their engagement with the mediation of information adoption. The sample of the study comprised 220 participants, picked randomly through convenience sampling technique. Using the quantitative survey-based strategy, the study used online questionnaires to gather data from hotel consumers in China. The questionnaire assessed different dimensions of information such as needs, attitudes, quality and credibility. The data analysis technique was PLS-SEM, and the bootstrapping method was integrated for the SEM analysis. Findings reveal that there is a positive correlation between hotel booking intention and the consumers’ engagement, information need, credibility, and attitude towards information. This implies that booking intentions act as a stimulus to get credible information to help consumers make an appropriate decision on acquiring a specific product or service, such as hotels
Instagram como escenario para el análisis de polaridad y subjetividad en comentarios respecto a contenidos ambientales: caso CNNClimate
Authors: Janneth-Arley Palacios-Chavarro  , Fernando Marroquín-Ciendúa  , Sara Palacios-Chavarro
Published: September 2024

Diversos estudios han demostrado que la forma en que se comunican los temas ambientales y el enfoque hacia la sostenibilidad influye en la manera en que las personas responden a estos compromisos. Por tanto, la comunicación puede facilitar transformaciones significativas hacia un mayor compromiso con la sostenibilidad al fomentar el diálogo y la participación en la construcción de soluciones. El presente artículo analiza los comentarios a las publicaciones de la cuenta de Instagram CNNClimate, relacionada con el medio ambiente y la crisis climática. Se estudian los mensajes publicados de enero a diciembre de 2022; se detectan aquellas publicaciones que generan expresiones de mayor polaridad y subjetividad. Para ello, se emplea una metodología cuantitativa basada en el procesamiento de lenguaje natural (PLN) para determinar niveles de polaridad y subjetividad en los textos comentados por los seguidores de la cuenta. Los resultados permiten identificarcómo los mensajes están siendo percibidos y qué tipo de reacciones emocionales generan. La información presentada puede contribuir a que medios de comunicación, organizaciones proambientales, entidades públicas y otras personas identifiquen aspectos claves en la creación de mensajes para lograr mayor interés y atención frente a las problemáticas ambientales. Asimismo, este tipo de análisis puede emplearse para motivar la participación colectiva en decisiones ambientales y en la protección de la naturaleza, y para gestionar estrategias que frenen el deterioro del medio ambiente y del planeta
Marcos de comprensión en las narrativas periodísticas sobre migrantes. Aportaciones desde la filosofía de Emmanuel Levinas
Authors: Isidro Catela-Marcos  , Miguel Osorio-García-de-Oteyza  , Laura Zazo-Correa
Published: September 2024

El Periodismo no puede darse soluciones satisfactorias a sí mismo sobre los problemas que el propio Periodismo plantea. Como sucede con otras tantas Ciencias Sociales, la síntesis de saberes es urgente. En los últimos años, el boom de los dobles Grados en la formación universitaria, también de los futuros periodistas, muestran hasta qué punto dos de las disciplinas que hibridan bien son Periodismo y Filosofía. Hacemos aquí una propuesta de simbiosis y beneficio mutuo entre ambas. En concreto, aquella que afecta a la representación periodística de la inmigración, estudiada en los últimos años - especialmente por la emergencia del fenómeno migratorio en Europa y la denominada en los últimos años crisis migratoria- desde perspectivas como el análisis de contenido, el análisis crítico, las aspiraciones de los profesionales o el establecimiento de Guías y Recomendaciones de carácter ético y deontológico, entre otras. Abordamos estas últimas desde una perspectiva novedosa, que bebe de la filosofía de Emmanuel Levinas, en particular del que podríamos llamar su “humanismo del rostro”, con el objetivo de repasar los marcos de comprensión periodística existentes del fenómeno migratorio y proponer marcos nuevos que eleven la calidad de las informaciones en este terreno.