bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theologie und Naturwissenschaft
Authors: Haudel Matthias
Published: August 2023

Endlich liegt eine umfassende Darlegung des Verhältnisses von Theologie und Naturwissenschaft vor. Matthias Haudel erörtert die geschichtlichen Entwicklungen, die aktuelle Situation und die zukünftigen Herausforderungen. Zudem entfaltet er das theologische Schöpfungsverständnis vor dem Hintergrund der aktuellen Naturwissenschaften – und zwar sowohl hinsichtlich des Kosmos als auch im Blick auf den Menschen (u.a. Evolution, Neurowissenschaften).
Verständlich beleuchtet Haudel die theologischen, philosophischen und naturwissenschaftlichen Grundlagen und ihre Zusammenhänge sowie die ethischen Herausforderungen. Ferner präsentiert er bedeutende Dialogkonzeptionen und einseitige reduktionistische Entwürfe. So tritt die Überwindung gegenseitiger Vorurteile und die Bedeutung des Dialogs für das Wirklichkeitsverständnis hervor. Das betrifft die Relevanz des Glaubens für die gesamte Wirklichkeit ebenso wie die ganzheitliche Einbindung und Sinndeutung naturwissenschaftlicher Einsichten. Entsprechend erschließen sich Antworten auf die existenzielle Suche nach sinnvoller Ganzheit aller lebensweltlichen Zusammenhänge.
Mit einem Geleitwort zur 2. Auflage von Harald Lesch
Ergänzend ist auch Haudels „Gotteslehre“ zu empfehlen.
SparkPerf: A Machine Learning Benchmarking Framework for Spark-based Data Science Projects
Authors: Ghari Soude , Fokaefs Marios , Li Heng
Published: August 2023

Machine learning has quickly become an integral part of modern business. A lot of effort is put into developing and deploying machine learning models used in estimation, prediction of economic factors, or even in interacting with clients. This effort includes planning for tools and platforms to be used in training and validating these models, as well as allocating resources, time, and budget for these tasks. However, this planning remainslargely dependent on human acumen and is expensive to determine in a systematic fashion with automated tools. Benchmarking is the process of efficiently running experiments to determine a system’s performance requirements, among others, in order to aid planning and resource allocation. Benchmarking intelligent and data-intensive systems remains in its infancy and does not cover fully realistic or very specific case studies. In this work, we propose SparkPerf, a benchmarking tool specifically designed for machine learning applications deployed with Apache Spark. SparkPerf focuses on longitudinal transactional workloads, which represent a more realistic class of case studies for enterprises, with high customizability, allowing users to test their own applications with their own, synthetically augmented, datasets. Our experiments demonstrate the benchmark’s reliability, consistency, portability, and customizability.
SHARP: Safety and Human Performance Analysis for Requirements in Perception
Authors: Mori Ken , Peters Steven
Published: August 2023

 Despite the presence of many different benchmark datasets and metrics, there is a lack of consistent perception requirements. This work focuses on the task of 3D object detection which aims at perceiving location and attributes of dynamic objects in space. Most notably, there is a lack of consistent definitions of pass and fail criteria for any given perception metric. This work addresses this topic by systematically considering human performance across a variety of visual tasks. This approach yields interpretable perception metrics as well as thresholds for pass/fail criteria. A validation approach leveraging a prediction network is introduced and successfully applied to the criteria. Comparisons with existing detectors show that current perception algorithms exhibit failures for a majority of objects on the nuScenes dataset. This indicates the necessity of explicit safety consideration in the development of perception algorithms for the automated driving task. 
The Open Seizure Database Facilitating Research Into Non-EEG Seizure Detection
Authors: Pordoy Jamie , Jones Graham , Matoorian Nasser , Dadashiserej Nassim , Zolgharni Massoud
Published: August 2023

This research introduces the Open Seizure Database and Toolkit as a novel, publicly accessible resource designed to advance non-electroencephalogram seizure detection research. This paper highlights the scarcity of resources in the non-electroencephalogram domain and establishes the Open Seizure Database as the first openly accessible database containing multimodal sensor data from 49 participants in real-world, in-home environments. The database is comprised of 494 events, encompassing 146 epileptic seizures, collected over a duration of 453 days, presenting the most extensive publicly available non-electroencephalogram seizure data to date. Additionally, the database has 348 labelled false alarms, including 302 common human movements and activities. The Open Seizure Toolkit is designed to facilitate machine and deep learning practices by streamlining data from the Open Seizure Database. Utilising these resources, researchers can rapidly develop and train seizure detection models before deploying them to the Open Seizure Detector Android application. Access to these resources is expected to foster collaborative efforts, ultimately contributing to the establishment of a non-electroencephalogram gold standard and advancing the field of seizure detection. 

Please view the OSDB at https://ieee-dataport.org/documents/open-seizure-database-v100
Educação em saúde como medida preventiva na redução de riscos e complicações dos pés do paciente com Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Reis Dornelas Soraya , De Mello Pincer Valeska , Ribeiro Christiana Vargas
Published: August 2023

O DM é uma doença crônica que consiste em um distúrbio metabólico, decorrente da ausência ou insuficiência de insulina no organismo, caracterizado pela hiperglicemia. O alto nível glicêmico persistente causa diversas complicações, desde feridas crônicas e infecções até amputações dos membros inferiores. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi demonstrar a importância da educação em saúde ao paciente, descrever a atuação da equipe multidisciplinar na aplicação das ações educativas e das medidas preventivas na minimização de danos e complicações do pé de risco e o papel do paciente e de seus familiares no processo de autocuidado. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica, de caráter exploratório, na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), utilizando as bases de dados LILACS e SciELO, tendo como referência o período de 2015 a 2022, nos idiomas português e inglês. Alguns estudos mostraram ganhos qualitativos no autocuidado, na humanização do atendimento e na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Foi possível concluir que existem evidências de que a interação entre o profissional de saúde e o paciente com diabetes pode favorecer mudanças de comportamento, desde que ocorra a adequação da linguagem por parte do profissional.
Narcissistic leadership and its impact on reinforcing dogmatic behavior A case study in a men's ready-made garment factory in Najaf Governorate
Authors: النصراوي حامد عادل
Published: August 2023

The current research seeks to know the nature of the relationship between narcissistic leadership and dogmatic behavior in the men's ready-made garments factory in Al-Najaf Governorate, and its importance is represented in its attempt to bridge the knowledge gap between the two variables of the study. In addition to laying the correct and appropriate foundations to address a realistic problem that directly affects the work environment in one of the most important production institutions, so the researcher used the random sample method and distributed 125 questionnaires to a number of male and female employees in the aforementioned factory. The number of questionnaires retrieved was 124. As for the valid for statistical analysis, the number reached (122), with an average of (97%) of the retrieved questionnaires.
Criticism of vague and ambiguous concepts in contemporary Arab thought
Authors: تويج وسام حسن
Published: August 2023

The research was divided into two sections, the first of which is entitled: (Opaque Concepts in Contemporary Arab Thought on the authority of Muhammad Aziz Al-Habbabi), and the second is entitled: (Concepts Are Obscure in Contemporary Arab Thought by Kamal Abdul Latif), as well as the introduction, conclusion, and a list of sources and references. The research reached results, the most important of which are: they focused on dismantling concepts without trying to reconstruct and produce them, which increased their ambiguity and ambiguity. Although these attempts are important, they are still few, and we desperately need them.
Class classification according to Imam Ali () - an analytical study -
Authors: آلوس مناف حيدر
Published: August 2023

When tracing the divisions of society’s classes and people’s classes according to Imam Ali B, more than one classification will appear before us, but its money is a close touch on the foundations of the state’s philosophy and the functions of the subjects. There are two divisions, one of which is general and comprehensive that includes all people and in every place and time, and the other is purely specific and functional in which it classifies the groups of society. On the basis of specialization or function, which is the division that he mentioned during his reign to Malik al-Ashtar as well, and in which the imam divides the parish into layers, each layer according to its specialization, and thus it is correct to call it the functional or specialized division. And in it he says B: ((And know that the subjects are classes, one of which is good except for one another, and one is not indispensable for one another)) and from that it appears that the great and subtle interdependence of the classes is with the imam, as one class is not independent of another.
Density index between planning and urban design
Authors: الربيعي تقى رعد
Published: August 2023

This research was completed in 2016, to shed light on the density indicator and how it is determined in the urban planning process, and the extent of its impact on the urban design process.
The research, in its theoretical part, aims to find indicators of the relationship between the elements of urban design affected by density and its principles, as good urban design is produced by adhering to a set of general principles derived from the application of the physical elements of urban design.
The research, in its practical part, sought the assistance of a group of experts (PhD and MA) specialized in the field of architecture, urban design, and planners from architectural backgrounds.
The jurisprudence of cash paper at the late Imamiyyah
Authors: إبراهيم صلاح عبد المهدي
Published: August 2023

Among the emerging jurisprudential topics is cash paper, and the later and contemporary jurists of the Imamiyyah and Islamic schools of thought tried to explain the reality of cash paper. Cash has no value, but its value alone is in the cover and the balance, whether it is gold or something else, such as the strength of the country, and on this basis we preferred the jurisprudential rulings that are appropriate to this fact: from the non-fulfillment of usury in exchange for it being of the numbered, and it is not required for them to receive in the council, and it is not obligatory in them. Zakat, and usury is fulfilled, so it is forbidden, and a speculative contract is valid in it
A study of the poetry of the resisting prisoners under the Israeli occupation
Authors: عموري نعيم
Published: August 2023

Most of the Palestinian youth entered the prisons of the occupation, and this research deals with the literature of the resistance of the poets who were in captivity, and they sang with the hope of release, and his hope was obtained from them. To address the poetry of resistance in prisons and detention centers, and to study this literature from the modern critical point of view, where we note the frequent use of symbols, especially women, among poets of resistance, and thus we note the large number of terms that have been related to the literature of resistance, such as words such as detainee, prison, soldiers, comrades, freedom, The land and... In this article, we aim to study the resistance poetry of the captives and touch on the features of this literature and the symbolism of this literature. The approach of this article is descriptive-analytical.
The rooting of diligence in concept and terminology
Authors: جمال الدين مهند مصطفى
Published: August 2023

Ijtihad is a human industry, not divine. It was characterized by methodological and constructive pluralism within a single school or a single sect. However, this plurality did not prevent the jurists from trying to control the diligent approach with scientific controls and objective criteria, which in turn differed according to the divergence of views adopted by each group, as their opinions formed directives. Epistemologically, I determined how they dealt with the topic of ijtihad, which represents a point of convergence and divergence at the same time, and represents the foundations and pillars on which it is based. Accordingly, ijtihad passed through historical and epistemological roles. Research and brief presentation.
The Talmud and its relationship to Zionist racism and Israeli politics (study and analysis)
Authors: الجبارين عبد القادر , أبوعلان خليل محمد
Published: August 2023

This study focused on clarifying and analyzing the relationship between the book of the Talmud and Zionist racism, which was established in order to build a national home for the Jews in Palestine by expelling the Arab population from Palestine and replacing them with Jews, with the support of the colonial countries. This research also shows the convergence between secular Zionist thought as claimed by the founders The Zionist movement and between fanatic Talmudic Jewish religious thought that calls for the elimination of Arabs, and discrimination between Jews and others by always giving preference to Jews.
The contribution of air transport liberalization to the development of developing countries
Authors: العدال سامرة إبراهيم
Published: August 2023

This research aims to analyze the issue of emphasizing that the liberalization of air transport in peripheral countries would improve their air services, and thus link them with the global system. In order to achieve this purpose, we have analyzed a number of free agreements between the peripheral countries and the central countries and explained their impact on the air transport offer. As a result of this analysis, we have seen mixed results. The air supply has increased in these countries, but by a greater percentage with the United States of America and less with other countries on the one hand. On the other hand, we witnessed a large increase in the air transport service for a number of countries linked to a bilateral agreement.
The woman's character in the novel "Tantouria" by Radwa Mustafa Ashour in the light of Spivak's opinions
Authors: روشنفكر كبري , منظّم هادي نظري , راد سميرا حيدري
Published: August 2023

Character is one of the most important narrative components in fiction. It plays a key role in embodying the idea and ideology of the novelist. The fictional character has multiple classifications, but these classifications did not take care of the idea of ​​gender, and critics do not often consider the gender of the character in the study of the narrative. The female writer feels, thinks and creates, and her struggle to resist marginalization is no different from the struggle of any group in society. It always strives to raise its status from the margin space to the center space. This study aims, by adopting the descriptive-analytical approach, to analyze the marginal female characters in the novel "Tantouria" by Radvi Ashour, according to the views of Gayatri Spivak in the light of post-colonial theory.
Intensity and continuity of rainfall in Iraq
Authors: Abu Rahil Abdul Hassan , Al-Amidi Razzaq
Published: August 2023

تعني الأمطار الغزيرة كمية المطر التي تهطل خلال فترة زمنية معينة، ويتم التعبير عنها بعدة مصطلحات، منها شدة المطر أو غزارته أو قوة انهماره. تعد شدة أو غزارة الأمطار من الأمور المهمة التي تلفت انتباه المهندسين والهيدرولوجيين، لما لها من ارتباط بشروط التربة والمياه الجوفية، وكذلك الغطاء النباتي الطبيعي.  
يختلف التوزيع الجغرافي للأمطار الغزيرة في العراق تبعًا للعوامل التي تسبب هطول الأمطار، مما يؤثر على نوع المطر وبالتالي على شدته. وعلى الرغم من أن حساب شدة أو كثافة الأمطار يعد من الأمور المهمة، خاصة في الأعمال المائية التي ترتبط بأنظمة المجاري المائية وتصميم مشاريع الري والصرف، فقد أصبح من الضروري الإشارة إلى كمية المطر نسبةً إلى الفترة الزمنية التي يهطل فيها، لتحديد أهمية هذا الجانب.
Demarcation of the Iraqi-Kuwaiti border after the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait
Authors: الخفاجي جاسب عبد الحسين , الجنابي رواء صباح
Published: August 2023

Proceeding from the fact that international borders and what is related to their identification and planning are responsible in many regions of the world for situations of tension, crisis, and perhaps armed conflict (8).
The two researchers have been tracing the historical course of the course of negotiations and the repercussions that contributed to the issue of border demarcation after 1990, which left a clear impact on the Iraqi-Kuwaiti relations later. The dispute between the two states (9)..
The climatic characteristics of Najaf province and their relationship to the growth of the bush affecting rice production
Authors: السميع محمود بدر , الجبوري علي مردان
Published: August 2023

Rice is a food crop that is considered one of the mainstays of food security, so all countries seek to provide it to meet the needs of their growing population with high living standards, which increases the demand for it, and Iraq was considered one of the countries exporting rice until the end of the last century, after which its production began to decrease due to water scarcity. The problem of the spread of weeds in rice fields, which causes huge losses in its production, is exacerbated, amounting to (63%). Therefore, work must be done to increase its production by combating what grows from the bushes in the rice fields.
The Promised and Awaited Imam Mahdi (may God Almighty hasten his reappearance) from the point of view of modern Persian poets
Authors: سیفی طیبه , مرادی کبری
Published: August 2023

Waiting for the promised deliverer is one of the doctrinal beliefs of the Imami Shiites, and this belief sows hope and happiness in the hearts of Muslims as it revives hope in their souls to reach happiness in the near future, and since literature, especially poetry, is one of the arenas that can pave the way for humanity to know the promised one, and waiting for the deliverer who fills the earth with justice as it was filled with injustice and oppression, was the praise of the Prophet (7). ) and his family (F) are among the common content in the collections of Persian poets most of the time, but we rarely find a poet who directly and in a separate poem praised the Promised Imam Mahdi; Rather, those praises came through other contents, so the Mahdist poetry and the talk about the Awaited Imam is a topic that poets rarely touched in their poems independently, and as for the ancient poets, we find
Effect of zinc toxicity on the blood parameters of the laboratory mice
Authors: H. Al-Salim Ishraq J. , AL- diwan Mohammed A.
Published: August 2023

The present search conducted at thecollegeofVeterinary Medicine–Universityof  Basrahto investigate the effect of zinc toxicity on the physiological parameters, histopathological changes and reproductive efficiency in the laboratory mice.    In this search, 32 mice were used, they were divided into two groups, each one consisted of four equal subgroups with 4 mice in each. The first three subgroups of each group were dosed via intraperitoneal injection with 60, 80 and 100 mg/kg zinc in the form of ZnSO4 for 15 and 30 days. An equivalent volume of saline (0.9 %N.S) was administered to the fourth subgroup which was set as the control group. The investigation of blood parameters included RBC count, Hb concentration, PCV concentration, total and differential WBC count. The results here showed a significant decrease (P≤0.05) of RBC count, Hb concentration, PCV value, and neutrophil count, whereas there was a significant increase (P≤0.05) of total WBC count, lymphocyte count, monocyte count, and there were no significant differences in the acidophil count and basophil count.
The Theory of Keratinization
Authors: Hussin A. M.
Published: August 2023

This study was carried out on eight of Awassi ewes in estrus during which keratinization can occur in the animal farm of college of veterinary medicine, Baghdad university in June 2006. In order to study the process of keratinization histologically, samples of vaginal smears were taken and stained by methylene blue. The present study recognized five stages of keratinization namely (stage of mitosis, stage of cellular transformation, stage of cellular adhesion, stage of endogenous bacterial invasion and stage of sloughing), during which the cells undergo a series of transformations in shape, size, colour and cornification. The study found also that the cells were transformed from small spherical basophilic shape to large polygonal acidophilic shape as the polygonal shape was suitable in hidden the interstitial spaces between the cells, when these cells try to building a compact sheet or packet which act as a defensive barrier to protect the internal environment against the external environment, finally the endogenous bacteria metabolize the glycogen into lactic acid which decrease the pH of the vagina and protect it from the pathogenic bacteria. Then these attacked cells start to exfoliated so that, we can regard the process of keratinization as a defensive mechanism in the vagina.
Study the effects of Cadmium chloride on some cytogenetic parameters in albino rat
Authors: Abd-Ali Dhafera Jafar , Z. Al-Shebli Karrar S.
Published: August 2023

The current study was carried out in the animal house of the Collegeof Medicinein Universityof Kufa. It was conducted also in  the laboratories of histopathology and biochemistry in Al-sadir Educational Hospital and Higher Education laboratory in the College of Education for girls / Kufa University, during the period 25/10/2008 – 19/3/2009. It was designed to demonstrate the influence of acute dose of Cadmium Chloride (75mg/kg) and oral subchronic administration (10,20,30) mg CdCl2/L with drinking water for the periods (3,6,9) weeks in some cytogenetic parameter which include Argyrophilic Nucleolar Organizing Region (AgNOR) in duodenum, liver and kidney and the Micronuclei (MN) in Polychromatic Erythrocytes (PCE) of bone marrow.    It is found that the effect of acute and subchronic administration in some of the cytogenetic parameters has reveal significant elevation in the mean of AgNOR of kidney and MN in PCE exposure to CdCl2 in acute administration compared with the control group, while in subchronic administration the significant increase happened in AgNOR of kidney and liver tissues at the concentration 30 mg CdCl2/L and period 9 weeks, in addition to significant elevation of MN which was affected by the elevation of dosing level (20,30) mg CdCl2/L from drinking water, prolonged of duration ( 9 weeks ) and the  interaction between these two factors.
prevalence of Toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in Al Muthana province / Iraq
Authors: Hemza Al Se´adawy Mohenned A.
Published: August 2023

The aim of our research is to study the prevalence of Toxoplasmosis in human in Al-Muthanna province during October, November, December 2009 and January 2010.    The sample size of the population studied was 81, our study revealed that total infection was 44.5% and there was significant effect of age on proportion rate which increase directly with age, highest infection rates was in 35-39 age group, while lowest at 15-19 age groups.    The infection in Unemployed women was 75% and higher than employed which was 25%.Ratio of the abortion was high and reached to 69.4% from total infected women . 54.3% of total abortions were due to Toxoplasmal infections.
Study effects of adiponectin on the plasma growth hormone level in male rats
Authors: Abdalrudha Al-Baka`a Hussein A.
Published: August 2023

For study of effects of adiponectin hormone on the plasma growth hormone level in the male rats, thirty male rats were divided into two equal groups. A dose of 20 microgram of adiponectin had been given to each individual in the first group (treatment group)for fifteen successive days. Level of plasma growth hormone has been measured and compared with control group. A significant increase was observed.
Isolation of some bacterial spp. in two different types of broiler litters
Authors: Kadhum F. S.
Published: August 2023

One trial was conducted to study the microbial load or the microbiological composition of litter (red wood shavings and Rice crust), prior to placing 1-d-old chicks, and after depopulation, the microbiological composition were as following Bacillus, Staph., Strept., Salmonella, G+ rods,  Enterococcus, Clostridium, E. coli, Lactobacillus ,Coliform, the total aerobic plate count (APC) was determined and the predominant microflora of the samples was identified as possible.    Before chick placement, the APC of wood shavings (about 1.02 log10/g) was lower than the APC of Rice crust (about log10 1.47/g) of G+),with stocking, in both types of litter the bact. contamination increased to about (5.68 log10 of G+) and(6.76 log10 /g of G+),respectively, no isolation of any G- bacteria before chicks placing from red wood shaving, while the count of G- bacteria was equal to log10 0.69/g in the ice crust litter, and(about log10 4.02 of G- and 4.95 log10 /g of G-), before and after depopulation, respectively with significant differences between two kinds of litter also before placing chicks and after depopulation.
Effect of cervical flora during breeding season on future fertility in Iraqi Awassi ewes
Authors: AL-Saffar Anas Kh.
Published: August 2023

Seventeen Iraqi pluriparous healthy Awassi 3-5 years old ewes were included in this study during breeding season selected randomly from flock with relatively low fertility to investigate effect of cervical microflora during breeding season on pregnancy rate, swabs for bacteriological examination collected from cervix pre natural insemination. The study results revealed 100% positive swabs culture with single, double and triple types of isolated microorganisms on culture and different pregnancy rates achieved, 41.17%, 47.05% and 11.76% subsequently. Single, double and triple isolated microorganisms of cervical swabs significantly (p<0.01) affect pregnancy rate of ewes, while no significant differences found in between these isolates on pregnancy rate. In conclusion: The study showed influence of microorganisms and combinations in the cervix during breeding season on pregnancy rate of ewes.
Preparation and evaluation a proniosomal gel for terbutaline sulfate as transdermal drug delivery system
Authors: Abdul Rasool Alaa A. , Abbas Haider Kadhum
Published: August 2023

The rationale of the present study is to formulate and evaluate proniosomal formulations as transdermal carrier systems for terbutaline sulfate. Proniosomal formulations have been prepared from mixing of one or two types of  surfactants (span 20, span 40 ,span 60 span 80 ,tween 20 , tween 40 , tween 60  and tween 80 ),cholesterol and soya bean lecithin . Different formulas of terbutaline sulfate proniosomal preparations were prepared by changing the surfactant type. The microscopic observations showed that proniosomal gel formulations immediately converted to niosomal dispersions upon hydration. Their morphological properties have been determined by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The vesicle system was evaluated in-vitro for vesicle size, polydispersity, encapsulation efficiency of drug and permeation of terbutaline sulfate through excised rabbit skin. Optical microscope and scanning electron microscope pictures showed spherical shaped for all niosomes formulations of terbutaline sulfate and the size range in micrometer were 8.82-0.294, while the encapsulation efficiencies were 88.06%-39.46%. In addition better permeation was obtained from proniosomal gel through rabbit skin.
علم الحيوان في التراث العربي الإسلامي
Authors: الكرباسي باقر محمد
Published: August 2023

قد لايعرف كثير من ابناء الناطقين بالضاد ان العلماء العرب بحثوا في البيطرة وعلوم الحياة وسبروا اغوار هذين العلمين وبذلك كانوا الرواد الاوائل فيهما واللذان يعدان من اركان التقدم العلمي الحديث، وكانوا هم السباقين الى معرفة التصنيف الاحيائي وقضايا التطور والوراثة واساليب معيشة الحيوانات وسلوكها ([i]) , ووضعوا المبادئ الاولى عن علوم النبات واختصوا في وصفها ووضع كل علم في مجموعته، اذ ان الحضارة الاسلامية تشغل مكانة مرموقة في تاريخ البشرية حيث توضح ذلك بجلاء خلال السنوات الاخيرة، ولاسيما بعد كشف دور العلماء العرب  في تطور مفهوم العلوم التطبيقية التي اشتقت لها طرقا ومسالك جديدة في كل العصور والتزال حية الى الوقت الحاضر ، ونعني بذلك علوم الطب والصيدلة والبيطرة وعلوم الحيوان والنبات والكيمياء وعلم الارض ([ii]).
Study of the Inhibitory Effect of Thymus vulgaris and Eucalyptus camaldulensis on In vitro Growth of Listeria monocytogenes
Authors: Al-Muhna B. M.
Published: August 2023

The antibacterial activity of the Thymus vulgaris and Eucalyptus camaldulensis was studied against Listeria monocytogenes . The inhibiting activity was evaluated by the agar well diffusion method. Results showed that the extracts of both tested plants demonstrated antimicrobial activity against the tested organism but the efficiency of the extracts was significantly affected by the solvent used in the extraction as well as plant species and the concentration. The aqueous extracts appeared to be the highly effective extracts against the tested organism ,it exhibited an inhibition zone 16 mm-24 mm for thyme and 15 mm-24 mm for eucalyptus in comparison with 21mm and23 mm for ampicillin and ciprofloxacin respectively .The alcoholic extract of thyme had no antibacterial activity in concentration of 25 and 50 mg /ml. The results of this study suggest that the antilisterial properties of these plants may be further investigated to explore the possibility of using them in the treatment of listerial infection.
Effect the powderd Nigella sativa L. seeds supplementation in hens layer diet on egg characteristics and some biochemical blood parameters
Authors: AL-Fuhri Mahasin A. , AL-Zuhairi Zahira A.
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study was the study the effect of supplementation of hens layer ration with 3% of Nigella sativa seeds on egg characteristics and some biochemical blood parameters .    Atotal of 40 Isa brown birds of 30 at age were randomly divided into two groups(20 hens for each group) .The first group (control) feeding on standerd diet along the expermintal period .The second group (treatment) feeding on standerd diet with 3% of Nigella sativa along the expermintal period .    The chemical egg charactaries included the percentage of chemical analysis for white and egg yolk in the two groups were moisture,ash,lipid,protein, charbohydrates, cholesterol concentration,high density lipo protein,low density lipo protein and free fatty acid in egg yolk.    The biochemical blood parameters included cholesterol concentration ,high and low density lipo proteins ,total protein,uric acid concentration and liver enzymes concentration GOT,GPT,ALP.    The data showed there was no significant differences(p>0.05) in the percentage of chemical analysis of egg white between two groups and in the percentage of moisture and ash in the egg yolk in the two treatments.highly significant in the charbohydrates and protein in the egg yolk in the group which treated with 3% of Nigella sativa.    The data obtained to the significant reduction in the cholesterol concentration and free fatty acid and low density lipo protein in egg yolk in the treatment group compared with control,higly significant (p<0.05) in high density lipo proteins in the egg yolk of treatment group.    In the biochemical blood parameters the result showed to the present of significant reduction in the cholesterol concentration ,low density lipoproteins and liver enzymes GOT,GPT and highly significant in high density lipoproteins,total blood protein and ALP enzyme in the treatment  group compared with the control.    This study showed to that the addition of 3%Nigella sativa seeds to the hens layer ration lead to reduction in the cholesterol concentration and lipid in eggs and blood and increase in protein concentration in egg and blood .The use of Nigella sativa as feed additives lead to improved the productional and physiological performance in the poultry,in addition to that the safe the customer from the artificial and the chemical materials which added to the poultry ration for improve the production from egg and meat.
The Effect of Zingiber Officinali Roots Infusion On Some Physiological Parameters In Broiler Chickens
Authors: Hussein AL-Moramadhi Suha Allawi
Published: August 2023

This study is  aimed to investigate the effect of Zingiber Officinali roots infusion on some physiological parameters in broilers.  40 birds at age one day were divided into two groups (each group has 20  birds) : 1 .Control group administrated distal water. 2. The treatment group administrated the infusion of Zingiber officinali roots orally at dose 100 mg/kg.B.W. for 6 weeks . At the end of experiment , blood samples were taken from brachial vein from ten birds of each groups for hematological and biochemical tests. The following physiological parameters were studied: Hemoglobin concentration , packed cell volume , glucose concentration, cholesterol concentration ,   body weight and food intake. The results showed significant increase   (P < 0.05)in hemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume in treatment group that compared with control , and there was significant decrease (P < 0.05) in cholesterol and glucose concentration in serum of treatment group that compared with control , however . There was  no significant effect of Zingiber officinali roots infusion   on body weight and food intake.
Analgesic activity of Trigonella foenium graceum (TFG) and Emblica officinalis (EO) extracts in white mice in comparison with diclofenac (Voltaren®)
Authors: S. Ibrahem Auroba M. , A. Al-Abassi Nibras N. , Chyad Amer H.
Published: August 2023

Present study aimed to explore the ability of  Trigonella foenium graceum (TFG) and Emblica officinalis  (EO) extracts  inducing the analgesic effect in comparison with diclofenac acid, Analgesic activity was assessed thermally as well as chemically induced pain by using hot plate test and formalin test. For hot plate experiment twenty albino mice were used of average weight 20g, randomly divided into four groups (5 each) and given TFG and EO extracts and diclofenac acid and mixture of TFG and EO orally at doses of 50mg/kg B.W, 250mg/kg B.W, 2mg/kg B.W and mixture of half doses of TFG and EO (25mg/kg B.W and 125mg/kg B.W respectively. TFG and EO extracts apart caused a significant increase in the reactive time to the thermal stimulus.For formalin experiment twenty five mice were used of average weight 20gm, randomly divided into five groups (5 each) and given TFG and EO extracts apart and mixture of half doses of both orally at same doses mentioned in hot plate experiment before the injection of 10 microliter ( μL) of 2% of formalin have showed a significant antinociceptive effect at the phases (early and late) and this may be attributed to their inhibitory effect on the nociceptive system and inflammatory mediators.
Morphological and microscopical comparison features of bacillus cereus isolates
Authors: Abd Abdul-Hadi A. , Abdul-AlElah Nadia Ibrahim , Ddd Osama Abdul-AlRazak
Published: August 2023

Fifty seven samples of milk and infant formula were taken to isolate Bacillus cereus. The percentage of these bacteria was 6.5% and 15% in milk and 22.2% in infant formula. Polymyxine pyruvate egg yolk mannitol bromothymol blue agar (PEMBA) and blood agar were conducted to grow B. cereus in this study. Colony morphology onPEMBA and Blood agar were used along with gram staining and spore staining methods to compare the morphological and microscopically features with the standard strain. The importance of intensity and severity of this organism in food poisoning due to ingestion of incriminated milk and milk products led to this study.    The understanding of the presence and distribution of B. cereus discovered the contamination spots inBaghdad markets and the farms inBaghdad districts to make the authorities able to diagnose these contamination areas in order to control and prevent the infection.    The aim of this study is to reveal the availability of B. cereus in milk and infant formula in the local dairy farms and the markets of the districts inBaghdad.
Effect of Probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis) on broiler performance
Authors: Abdul-ALWahab Husam Muhsin
Published: August 2023

The study  was conducted to determine the effect  of  Saccharomyces cerevisiae  and Bacillus subtilis on body weight gain , some serum parameter and salmonella colonization of cecum in broiler chicks.One hundred fifty 1 day old  male broiler chicks (Ross breed) were used in experiment ,the chicks were allocated into three groups and the first group as a control  in randomized design(basal diet) , the second group ( basal diet with 1% saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis) ,and the third group ( basal diet with 2% saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis) birds in each  group were fed ad libitum for a period of 38 days.   The result showed that supplementation of saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis 1% and 2% to the basal diet  decrease  cholesterol significantly ( p≤0.05) at 29 and 38 days and increase total protein p≤0.05)at 39 days , with no significant differences in another in  blood parameters such as blood glucose  and albumin.       Body weight of treated groups significantly different( p≤0.05) at  29 and 38 days of age compared with control group.    The results showed that  saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis decreased the number of Salmonella  count of the cecal content of treated groups(38 days old)  than control.
Protective effect of captopril against methotrexate- induced nephrotoxicity in mice
Authors: R. AL-Nailey Atiaf G.
Published: August 2023

The present study was designed to investigate some histopathological changes produced by methotrexate on kidney in mice and extended to examine whether there using captopril have ability to reduce this toxicity.Forty mice(20 male and 20 femel) were divided in to 4 groups .  The first group received 10mg/kg B.W. of methotrexate I/M twice weekly. The second  group  received  60mg/kg  B.W. of captopril and then received methotrexate. While the third group received captopril alone,While fourth group (control group) received normal saline and the study was continued for (30 days).    Animals which  were  treated  with  methotrexate  only  along  the  period of experiment  showed  sever pathological changes,   characterized by severe   tubular necrosis ,atrophy of glomeruli and dilatation of tubules.Where as oral administration of captopril significantly(p<0.01) reduced these changes .The protective activity of captopril has been resumed via diminishing the renal histopathological changes which associated with methotrexate Toxicity.while there were insignificant differentiated (P<0.01) between the control group and the group recieve of captopril alone.
Bacterial isolation from burn wound infections and studying their antimicrobial susceptibility
Authors: Alwan Mohammed J. , Lafta Inam Jasim , Hamzah Aseel M.
Published: August 2023

The present study was carried out to determine the bacterial isolates and study their antimicrobial susceptibility in case of burned wound infections. 70 burn wound swabs were taken from patients, who presented invasive burn wound infection from both sex and average age of 3-58 years, admitted to teaching medical Al- Kendi hospital from October 2007 to June 2008.    Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to be the most common isolate (48.9%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (24.4%), Citrobacter braakii (13.3%), Enterobacter spp. (11.1%), Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (11.1%), Proteus vulgaris (6.66%), Corynebacterium spp. (6.66%), Micrococcus (6.66%),  Proteus mirabilis (4.44%), Enterococcus faecalis (4.44%), E.coli (4.44%),   Klebsiella spp. (2.22%), Bacillus spp. (2.22%), Serratia macerscens (2.22%) and Serratia rubidia (2.22%). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out to the bacterial isolates against 8 antibiotics, in which ciprofloxacin was found to be the most effective drug against most of the Gram-negative and Gram-positive isolates followed by amikacin, while chloramphenicol and gentamicin were  less sensitive to few isolates as well as as doxycycline, as compared with the other two, mentioned previously. Oxacillin was the worst at all.
Study to evaluation the Camel milk effect to inhibition Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. in patients with gingivitis
Authors: Hussein Hayfaَa Jaber
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to detect the ability of Camel milk composition to control  two main causative bacteria of gingivitis in human being 35 swaps taken from the patient gum ,50 isolation of bacteria would be diagnosed   by slandered methods, 32 isolates were identified as Streptococcus spp. and 18 isolation from Staphylococcus spp. other statistically lower ratios were discarded. The bacteria treated by different concentrations of Camel milk (5%, 10%, 20% and 30%) . The results showed ,there is no effect of 5% concentration on the bacteria growth , while  10% , 20%   concentrations where lead to inhibition of growth bacteria  15.6% , 16.6% , 56.25% , 66.6%   respectively and which the 30%. Concentrated of Camel milk completely inhibition  of all strains of  two types of bacteria 100% .
Effect of addition of garlic and black cumin on some broiler performance
Authors: Shamsa Mujeeb T.
Published: August 2023

This study was carried out to evaluate of dietary addition of garlic and black cumin on some production characteristics Ross broiler performance. The results showed significant variation in food consumption among the studied group, where the black cumin group show lowest food consumption followed by garlic and control group in means of 1897, 1926 and2108 gmrespectively.    The addition of black cumin and garlic lead to decrease the food conversion ratio 2.29 and 2.32 respectively in comparing with control group 2.39. In other hand the results showed significant decrease (p ≤ 0.05) in the mean level of total protein and glucose in birds when fed with garlic powder 4%, while there were no significant variation in means of albumin, cholesterol and heart weight with significant decrease in the liver weight in chick treated with black cumin and garlic.
The protective role of onion oil (Allium cepa L.)extract on some physiological parameters on Streptozotocin induced diabetes in male mice
Authors: Abd Al-Ameer Hanaa Abd Al-Abass
Published: August 2023

This study was carried out to investigate the most effective compound Extracted from approved selected anti diabetic plants on blood glucose, Serum insulin, lipid profile level and protective effect against oxidative stress  in Streptozotoci induced diabetic male mice. 30 albino male mice were divided into 3 groups 10 mice each one. Group 1 normal control, group2 diabetic control, Group3 received essential onion oil (50mg/kg B.w. orally),at the end of experiment Blood glucose, insulin levels, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol were estimated. Oxidative stress biomarkers represented in the Amount of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and nitric oxide were Determined. Liver and kidney removed for histopathological examination. the Results is isolated compound(onion oil) improved diabetes status but the most potent  was observed as anti diabetic& antioxidant effect.    These results suggest that administration of the onion oil used as antidiabetic agent And improved diabetic status.
Pathological change in mice after oral administration of egg raw from experimentally infected chicken with Listeria monocytogenes
Authors: Al-Rubaiey Methaq G. , Al-Shabani Zainab J. , H. Suhair Ali
Published: August 2023

This study was done to determine the role of egg in transmission of Listeria monocytogenes, for this reason layer were infected orally with Listeria monocytogenes and after 30 days the microorganism appear in the eggs, then thirty (30) mice were obtained and split to two groups the first (20) mice were administrated 0.2 ml egg row that contain 106 CFU Listeria monocytogenes orally, and the second group (10) mice were administrated 0.2 ml sterile normal saline orally, Then animals sacrificed in 6 hr, 12 hr, 18 hr, 24 hr, then 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 13 days post administration.    The results shown that the Listeria monocytogenes isolated from the intestine and also from other internal organs like liver, spleen and kidney,    and the psthological results revealed that severe inflammatory cells infiltration with degenerative changes in all examined organs.   We concluded that the Listeria monocytogenes was virulent and infect the mice and give a subclinical disease that approved by the isolation of the microorganism and pathologic feature give the indication that Listeria monocytogenes transmitted by egg and still virulent and have the ability to multiply and invade the internal organs.
Effect of concentration of dietary Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid) on chickens blood parameters in summer season
Authors: Mehdi Basim Ibrahim
Published: August 2023

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of dietary aspirin on some chickens blood parameters includes Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Hemoglobin (Hb), Red Blood Cells (RBCs), White Blood Cells (WBCs), Sodium and Potassium concentrations in summer season. A 180 chicks 7 days old were used as an experimental animals and distributed into four treatments (45 chicks per treatment ), T1 chicks fed a diet without aspirin (control) , chicks in T2 fed a diet supplemented with 0.05 % aspirin, chicks in T3 fed a diet supplemented with 0.1 % aspirin, chicks in T4 fed a diet supplemented with 0.2 % aspirin. Each treatment subdivided into three replicates and each replicate reared in 1 X1 mpen . The data obtained revealed the following :    T1chicks had high blood parameters values, PCV were 35.4 and 36.8 %, Hb were 7.3 and 8.5 mg /100 ml, RBCs were 34.7 and 36.9 million cell / ml, WBCs were 24.1 and 25.8 thousand cell / ml at 4 and 7 weeks of age respectively, adding 0.2 % of aspirin to the diet (T4) rebalance blood parameters values through decreased PCV which were 34.1 and 34.8 %, Hb were 6.8 and 7.4 mg /100 ml, RBCs were 33.6 and 34.3 million cell / ml, WBCs were 22.6 and 23.2 thousand cell / ml at 4 and 7 weeks of age respectively. Adding 0.2 % of aspirin to the diet increased significantly (P<0.01) blood serum sodium and potassium concentrations, no differences in blood parameters values were appeared due to adding 0.05 and 0.1 % of aspirin to the diet (T2 and T3), which indicated the importance of dietary 0.2 % of aspirin to rebalance blood parameters values and reducing heat stress during summer season.