bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE I.I. MECHNIKOV NORTH-WESTERN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
Authors: Khurtsilava O. G. , Mazurov V. I. , Vasilyeva N. V. , Meltser A. V. , Alikbayeva L. A.
Published: September 2019

By means of transformations based on the scientific and educational basis of the two higher education institutions with more than 100 years of history, pursues the policy of best traditions of the outstanding medical schools. In the I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University the special attention is paid to the training of qualified personnel for a wide range of health care organizations and the health care system of state sanitary and epidemiological surveillance, which is reflected in the university’s Mission. In the I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University there was developed a complex of innovative technologies, which seem for the first time in Russia to implement a systematic approach to the practice-oriented training in modern molecular techniques in medical microbiology and epidemiology. For the first time in world practice, there was developed and introduced in the training simulator training in microbiology based on software complex automated laboratory. At the beginning of the 21st century I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University determines its future strategy on the formation of doctors, along with professional competences, motivation to health-saving lifestyle that will ultimately contribute to the improvement of the quality of life of the all population
EVALUATION OF NEURO-EMOTIONAL EXERTION OF INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGISTS
Authors: Baltrukova T. B. , Ivanova O. I. , Koltsov D. S.
Published: September 2019

In the article there is presented material for the study of neuro-emotional exertion of interventional radiologists as one of the leading harmful factors of the working process. The analysis of the work activity, its structure and timing of the work of interventional radiologists has shown the work of interventional radiologists to be characterized by high neuro-emotional exertion, which is mainly caused by the intellectual and emotional compartments, and in some cases, irrational regime of the work. Their work is referred to the heuristic activity that requires the solution of complex tasks during operations and the sole manual operating process. They perform the work in conditions of lack of information on the health status of the patient and lack of time. The interventional radiologist is personally responsible for the quality of the treatment of the patient, his health and life. While performing operations the interventional radiologists are at risk of contracting infectious diseases, including viral hepatitis and HIV, they are exposed to drugs, x-rays, there is a danger of electrical injuries. High exertion of the work of interventional radiologists may cause neurosis, astheno-vegetative syndrome, hypertension, occupational fatigue, and also lead to conflict situations.The comparative evaluation of the exertion of the work carried out by two methods showed that total exertion of the work of interventional radiologists on the hygienic assessment and special assessment, for the hygienic assessment is assessed as grade 3, grade 3, and by the method of special assessment of working conditions being high as 3 class 1 subclass, because it only evaluates the sensory load and the monotony of work. Special assessment does not allow to evaluate completely the exertion of employees. It significantly underestimates the significance of this harmful factor, if the work is not only sensory, but also intellectual, emotional stress, irrational regime of work. The dependence of the results of measures of social protection of personnel, leads to a decrease in their level of security and increases the likelihood of development of professionally caused diseases.
PROFESSIONAL STANDARD AS A REGULATION INSTRUMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL ACTIVITIES FOR PREVENTIVE MEDICINE SPECIALISTS
Authors: Popova A. Yu. , Khurtsilava O. G. , Meltser A. V. , Pronina A. A. , Aristova T. I. , Tregubova E. S. , Erastova N. V.
Published: September 2019

The existing classifier of qualifications appears to be replaced by professional standards (PS) for specialists of preventive medicine, approved by the order of the Ministry of labor of RF № 399n from 25.06.2015. This is a multifunctional regulatory document setting requirements for the content, quality and conditions of the work, qualifications and competencies, professional education and training for skills required to meet this qualification, as well as a description of the ethical standards that are obligatory for the acceptance and respect of all members of the professional community. The standard includes the main type of professional activity of specialists of preventive medicine direction - ensuring sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population and protection of consumers, identifies summarized working functions and corresponding qualification levels for the specialist, as well as requirements for education and practical activities which are necessary for their implementation. For the each working function included into the standard there are identified required knowledge and skills. The Federal educational-methodical Association in the field of the science of health and preventive medicine prepared a new educational standard in which the professional tasks and competences of the future specialist were both harmonized with the labor functions described in the standard and aligned with the major employer of graduates - Federal Service on Surveillance for Consumer rights protection and human well-being. Conclusion. The implementation of the professional standard provides a number of advantages for specialists of preventive medicine, its employers and professors of universities. Continuous updating of professional standards will allow to assess the quality and level of employee competencies, mainstream vocational training programs at all levels, aimed at creating and improving the professionalism of preventive medicine direction.
EVALUATION OF PROFESSIONAL READINESS OF HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS TO PREVENTION-ORIENTED ACTIVITIES
Authors: Pavlova A. N. , Mishkich I. A. , Luchkevich V. S. , Chechura A. N. , Zarudnaya V. V.
Published: September 2019

In the first one and a half decades of the 21st century, there is observed an intensive development of the medical prevention in health care facilities. New preventive treatment facilities and subdivisions were created and a new feature - preventive counseling was imputed to a wide range of doctors. This work included the evaluation of the preventive activity, lifestyle and health state of 221 health care providers, analysis of results of the preventive check-up of 154 nurses and analysis of the workplace assessment of 200 health workers. The results of the work showed just doctors to perform most of the preventive health care for patients. Only half of the surveyed physicians and one third of nurses noted that they gained knowledge about medical prevention in the process of training in a medical school. Most health care providers stated that they keep a healthy lifestyle. At once, a quarter of surveyed nurses answered that they smoke and more often do it at work. It should be noted that there was much less smokers among doctors. Nurses and doctors justified the cause of smoking by to the necessity to relieve work-related stress. A large part of health care providers noted a lack of physical activity, poor diet and insufficient sleep. An objective assessment of working conditions based on the analysis of workplaces assessment showed the increased work intensity and low lighting at the workplace of health care providers. Based on the findings it can be concluded health care providers to be motivated to perform work on preventive medicine. However, the training of physicians and nurses in the field of health lifestyle promotion and disease prevention requires the improvement. The personal commitment of health workers to the disease prevention for their own health preserving cannot be considered to be sufficient. A comprehensive approach to the training of health professionals and the organization of their work will allow to enhance of the professional activity health of care providers in the field of the disease prevention and improving their health.
A CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SNOW ON AREAS EXPOSED TO SPACE-ROCKET ACTIVITIES POLLUTION (ALTAI REPUBLIC)
Authors: Koroleva T. V. , Sharapova A. V. , Krechetov P. P.
Published: September 2019

There are two areas in the Altai Republic where second rocket stages of launch vehicles fall down. They use unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine (UDMH) and nitrogen tetraoxide (N2O4) as a part of fuel. The snow possesses of the high sorbtion capability, low chemical and biological activity, and is the most informative object for the investigation of chemical effects on the environment by vehicle launchings. The article represents results of the investigation of the snow pollution carried out over the period of from 2011 to 2015. The chemical analysis of snow from the areas where second rocket stages of launch vehicles fell back to the Earth testify samples fail to contain UDMH and its most dangerous transformation product - NDMA. Published data of the atmospheric pollution modeling at launching space vehicles also admit the low probability of the surface contamination by falling second rocket stages of launching vehicles. The average concentration of nitrate ion, ammonium ion, pH level meets Environmental standards. The chemical composition of atmospheric fallout in the neighboring territory is mostly determined by operational features and proximity of anthropogenic objects. The amount of contaminants in atmospheric fallout declines with the distance from emission sources. Dust load to exploration territory does not exceed a background value for Siberian region being hundred times lower then such values for industrial and residential areas. Analysis of atmospheric flow movements and the wind rose in the winter in the Altai Mountains shows on the likely entry into the territory precipitation contaminated by acid-forming emissions of metallurgical enterprises of East Kazakhstan.
OPTIMIZATION OF METHODS OF STATE MONITORING OF WATER BODIES FOR PARASITOLOGICAL INDICES
Authors: Kuznetsova K. Yu.
Published: September 2019

In an article there are discussed flaws in the formation of statistical parasitological indices in systems of socio-hygienic and hydrobiological monitoring. There is considered the relevance of free-living protozoa Amoebae accounting group, classification of the hazard and the role in the development of the water caused infectious morbidity of the population. There is presented an analytical factorization of the state of surface waters and there are considered the local values of parasitic contamination. Summary statistical reports of federal institutions - participants of the state monitoring of water bodies were established to be formed within the framework of closely specified indices and not be incorporated in the common accounting database. There are provided recommendations on the organization of a comprehensive evaluation of the biological safety of water sources.
CYTOGENETIC CONSEQUENCES OF COMPREHENSIVE IMPACT OF DRUGS AND ENVIRONMENTAL GENOTOXICANTS (ON EXAMPLE OF CEFTRIAXONE AND PB (II)) ON THE ORGANISM AND THE POSSIBILITY OF THEIR ANTIMUTAGENIC CORRECTION
Authors: Chopikashvili L. V. , Pukhaeva E. G. , Rurua F. K. , Farnieva Zh. G. , Skupnevskiy S. V.
Published: September 2019

On fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster there was studied the possibility of antimutagenic correction of factors simulating exogenous xenobiotics, potentially dangerous for humans: lead compounds (II) and the drug ceftriaxonum, and their combinations. Research on the criterion of accounting the dominant lethal mutations (according to P.Ya. Shvarzman) showed (Pb (II) 10-5 M, ceftriaxonum 0,008 g per 100 g the nutrient medium) in studied doses to give rise correspondingly the gain in the frequency of occurring mutations de novo in generative cells by 3.8 and 5.9 times (relatively to the spontaneous level). Co-administration of these substances (at same doses) fails to cause synergistic effects: the frequency of lethal dominants in the experimental group relatively to the level of intact male fruit flies increases by 7.4 times. The aqueous extract of grass Amaranthus retroflexus L. (at a dosage of 0.43 ml per 100 g of the nutrient medium) had pronounced antimutagenic effect. The portion of mutations induced by lead ions was diminished by 54.4%, in the case of ceftriaxonum - by 37.4%, indicating to a specific antioxidant jugulating of free radical mutagenesis. Against the background of the combined effects of both the extent of damaging factors the antimutagenic activity of the complex of biologically active substances from Amaranthus retroflexus L. appeared to be the greatest - 70.7%. Various variants of the experiment simulating the conditions of the prevention or treatment (Amaranthus r. infusion before or after administration of the complex mutagens, respectively) showed a pronounced effect in both cases. In the case of preventive protection of the genome the degree of jugulating of adverse manifested symptoms was 70.7%, and in the case of possible treatment options - 68.8%. In this aspect, it is appropriate the further investigation of biologically active substances from Amaranthus r. L. with the aim to isolate of the spectrum of the most active compounds against exogenous xenobiotics and their introduction in the pharmacological practice.
ASSESSMENT OF INFLAMMATION MEDIATORS UNDER EXPOSURE TO THE VIBRATION IN EMPLOYEES IN DEPENDENCE ON PRONOUNCEMENT OF THE PATHOLOGICAL PROCESS
Authors: Bodienkova G. M. , Kurchevenko S. I.
Published: September 2019

The aim of the study was to identify changes in concentrations of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, depending on the severity of health disorders in workers. Under observation there were employees working in conditions of the occupational vibration (experienced workers with a long-term working period without signs of the disorders of health, patients with the vibration-induced disease (VID) and patients with VID at the remote period). There was established the aggravation of the imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines with an increase in the severity of the pathological process. There were identified unidirectional changes of indices in patients with various degree of the severity of the health disorder characterized by a decrease in serum concentrations of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10. This is apparently due to the inhibition of the functional activity as T helper type 1 and T helper type 2. The determination of mediators of the immune response in employees of vibration hazard occupations may serve as a marker for the early screening assessment of health problems and the severity of the clinical course of the VID.
COMPARATIVE INVESTIGATIONS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM OBSERVED IN ADOLESCENT MALE RESIDENTS OF CITIES OF MAGADAN AND MOSCOW
Authors: Grechkina L. I.
Published: September 2019

There was executed the comparative study of functional indices of the cardiovascular system in adolescent boys aged of 13-16 years, residing in the city of Magadan (n=424) and Moscow (n=437). The recording of functional indices of hemodynamics in adolescents was made by the same method of the volumetric compression oscillometry method with the use of hardware-software complex “Globus” for the noninvasive study of central hemodynamics (“Globus”, Belgorod). There were revealed regional features of the dynamics of the development of the function of the cardiovascular system in adolescents residing under different climatic geographical and ecological conditions. There were established statistically reliable differences in hemodynamic indices during the age period of 13-15 years: Moscow schoolchildren have higher values of the blood pressure, cardiac output, stroke volume and left ventricular stroke power comparing with Magadan counterparts. In Magadan adolescents there was revealed the tendency towards higher values of heart rate. The analysis of the distribution of hemodynamics indices according to the type of self-regulation of blood-circulation shows 63.7% of schoolchildren of Magadan and Moscow to have cardiotype, 26.9% and 41.2% of adolescents are characterized by cardiovascular type, and vascular type is a common feature in 9.4% and 14.4% of examined adolescents.
OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE AND HEALTH OF WORKERS EMPLOYED IN THE PROCESSING OF NATURAL GAS
Authors: Boiko V. I. , Dotsenko Yu. I. , Akhmineeva A. Kh. , Boiko Oksana V.
Published: September 2019

This review in chronological order considers steps of the solution of the one of key issues of occupational medicine, namely - a hygienic assessment of working conditions at enterprises of gas-processing industry - the most steadily growing sector of economy, reliably providing the population’s needs and the national economy for fuel and energy resources. The intensity of the working process at these enterprises was shown to be often associated with the persistent exposure to various harmful factors of the occupational environment that in the complex promotes the formation of unfavorable functional states, a decline in the level of physical and mental health, productivity and efficiency of work. Industrial air environment in services workshop and compressor houses is often polluted with hydrogen sulphide, sulfur dioxide, mercaptans, methanol, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, nitrogen and carbon oxides. The main cause of this pollution is a certain imperfection of the technological process and equipment, especially the lack of its tightness. The number of processes at a high temperature and elevated pressure in the presence of very aggressive reagents primarily, as hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide promotes the release of harmful substances into air environment. The possibility of their additive or synergistic impact on employees is not excluded because just in such industries there is seen a number of combinations of harmful substances enforcing the action of each other. There is made a conclusion that working conditions and environmental protection at the enterprises for the processing of natural gas and condensate with the high content of hydrogen sulfide and other corrosive components need for the further comprehensive hygienic assessment with the aim of the development of measures for the improvement of working conditions, preservation of workers’ health and environmental protection at all stages of production and processing of hydrocarbon raw materials in modern conditions. In preparing the review, the Scopus and Russian Information Scientific Center databases were used.
INDICES OF THE RESPONSE OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM IN STUDENTS TO THE LAVENDER (LAVANDULA ANGUSTIFOLA) ODOR DURING THE WARMING-UP IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors: Gevorkyan E. S. , Ksadzhikyan Narine N.
Published: September 2019

Here was investigated the dynamics of indices of the functional state of the cardiovascular system in students during the educational load, followed by cold inhalation of lavender oil. The study was executed twice: before and after aromatherapy. For the evaluation of the functional capabilities of the cardiovascular system the registration and analysis of ECG were performed by means of the method of variation pulsometry with the use of the hardware-software complex, including portable electrocardiograph brand “Bio-Arm 001”, a personal computer with the software for automatic recording and analysis of ECG. In the experimental situation for each subject there were analyzed five-minutes ECG records. There were investigated statistical, histographical, integral and spectral parameters of the cardiac rhythm. Psychosomatic status of students was assessed by individual survey. The analysis of dynamic characteristics of heart rate variability showed that after the half-hour education load (the warming-up period) in the majority of the students there was observed the exertion of regulatory mechanisms of the heart rhythm. The preventive use of lavender ethereal oil contributes to the enhancement of adaptive capabilities of the body of students, optimization of regulatory mechanisms, and increased tolerance of the body to psycho-emotional loads. Against the background of the impact of lavender ethereal oil the adaptation to the training loads is running via the parasympathetic (more economical) type of regulation of the cardiovascular system of the body. Correcting influence of the odor of aromatic oils on the functional condition of the body may be caused to the fact that the perception of odors and treatment of olfactory information involves the most important parts of the brain: frontal cortex, hypothalamus, amygdala, a brain structure, limbic reticular structures et al., referred to morphological and functional substrates of emotional reactions.
AKTIVNOSTI PREDŠKOLSKOG DETETA NA KOMPJUTERIMA I MOBILNIM UREĐAJIMA
Authors: Janković Branka , Nikolić Milan , Vukonjanski Jelena , Terek Edit
Published: September 2019

U radu se bavimo odnosom dece predškolskog uzrasta (iz njihovog ugla) pre- ma kompjuterima i mobilnim uređajima (tabletima i smart telefonima) kao i njihovim aktivnostima na ovim uređajima. Istraživanje je sprovedeno anketiranjem dece 4-6 godina, u predškolskim ustanovama u Srbiji. Sakupljeno je N = 360 popunjenih upit- nika. Cilj istraživanja je da se utvrdi u koje svrhe deca predškolskog uzrasta koriste kompjutere i mobilne uređaje, i da li ih koriste za zabavu ili u edukativne svrhe. Od- govori dece analiziraju se iz ugla koliko roditelji ograničavaju vreme svojoj deci na ovim uređajima i da li ih uključuju u aktivnosti van kuće. Rezultati istraživanja govore da, iako veliki procenat roditelja ograničava deci vreme provedeno na kompjuterima i mobilnim uređajima i omogućuje svojoj deci aktivnosti van kuće, deca ne koriste ade- kvatne sadržaje na kompjuteru i mobilnim uređajima. Najomiljenije aktivnosti dece na kompjuteru i mobilnim uređajima su igranje igrica, gledanje crtanih filmova i sluša- nje muzike što je posledica činjenice da deca ove uređaje pre svega doživljavaju kao igračku. Vrlo malo dece koristi kompjuter i mobilne uređaje za učenje. Na kraju, date su praktične preporuke roditeljima.
The Privileging of English Language Use in Academia: Critical Reflections from an International Doctoral Seminar
Authors: Woodend Jon , Fedoruk Lisa , Beek Avis , Roy Sylvie , Xu Xuequin , Groen Janet , Li Xiang
Published: September 2019

In this article, we, a Canadian team of doctoral researchers, reflected on our journey during an International Doctoral Research Seminar held in Beijing in 2015. As five doctoral students and two academics, we met with our doctoral colleagues from academic institutions in Brisbane (Australia) and Beijing (China). Although we did not discuss or negotiate which language we would be using in China, we were confronted with our assumption that English would be used, and that some the participants had a lower level of English competency than expected. It was apparent that this assumption of English language use privileged some (i.e., Canadian and Australian teams) while disadvantaging others (i.e., Chinese team). This confrontation brought up questions and concerns about equity in participation. As a result, this article chronicles the Canadian team reflecting on the International Doctoral Research Seminar including our privilege of using English, and coming to the position of wanting to create a more inclusive space for all participants to engage equitably in this international collaboration. As such, our reflections in this article focused on the domination of English as a lingua franca in academic spaces, in addition to how we decided to facilitate a transcultural space for all participants to be included.
El margen nacional de apreciación y el contenido de la libertad de pensamiento, conciencia y religión en el Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos = The national margin of appreciation and the content of freedom of thought, conscience and religion in the European Convention on Human Rights
Authors: Fernández Parra Sergio Alejandro
Published: September 2019

Resumen: En el presente escrito se estudiará la figura del margen nacional de apreciación y su aplicación por parte del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos. Este estudio tiene como objeto demostrar que la utilización frecuente de esta figura impide que exista una interpretación uniforme del derecho a la libertad de pensamiento, conciencia y religión en el Sistema Europeo de Derechos Humanos. Para probar la hipótesis planteada, la figura aludida será comparada con el control de convencionalidad y la forma en que se ha aplicado esta última figura por parte de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos. Esto último se realizará con el fin de evidenciar las falencias interpretativas y de protección de los derechos que genera la utilización del margen nacional de apreciación. Palabras clave: margen nacional de apreciación, control de convencionalidad, Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos, Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, libertad de pensamiento, conciencia y religión, Estado laico. Abstract: This paper will study the figure of the national margin of appreciation and its application by the European Court of Human Rights. The purpose of this study is to show that the frequent use of this figure prevents a uniform interpretation of the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion in the European System of Human Rights. To test this hypothesis, the aforementioned figure will be compared with the control of conventionality and the way in which the latter figure has been applied by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. The latter in order to highlight the interpretative and protection flaws of the rights generated by the use of the national margin of appreciation. Keywords: National appreciation margin, control of conventionality, European Court of Human Rights, Inter-American Court of Human Rights, freedom of thought, conscience and religion, secular State.
Reflexiones en torno al fallido referéndum en Rumanía sobre el matrimonio homosexual = Reflections on the failed same-sex marriage referendum held in Romania
Authors: López Rubio Daniel
Published: September 2019

Resumen: En octubre de 2018, Rumanía celebró un referéndum sobre la prohibición constitucional de los matrimonios del mismo sexo, que había sido previamente respaldada por amplia mayoría en la Cámara de Diputados y el Senado. La convocatoria de la consulta hizo aflorar las ya habituales críticas hacia la institución referendaria, haciéndose hincapié en la inconveniencia de su empleo para dirimir cuestiones relativas a los derechos e intereses de grupos sociales vulnerables. El presente trabajo analiza, a la luz de la experiencia rumana, estas críticas, exponiéndolas a las contradicciones e interrogantes que generan cuando son planteadas sin mayor precisión. Se intenta, así pues, comparar las virtudes del foro parlamentario y el referéndum como instrumentos de decisión, y se insiste en la necesidad de especificar el tipo concreto de consulta popular empleada en cada caso. Finalmente, se argumenta la conveniencia de preservar los referendos como cauce decisivo en el procedimiento de reforma constitucional, subrayando las complicaciones que sin embargo puede ofrecer de cara a su ulterior revisión jurisdiccional.Palabras clave: referéndum, democracia directa, reforma constitucional, derechos fundamentales, matrimonio homosexual.Abstract: In October 2018, Romania held a referendum on the ban of same-sex marriages, which indeed had got the support of a wide majority in the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. The call for this referendum generated the usual criticism towards the institution of the referendum itself, that points out its inconvenience when it comes to dealing with issues regarding minorities’ rights. Drawing on the Romanian experience, this paper analyses that criticism by going through the contradictions and questions that arise when it is vaguely expressed. The purpose is to compare the advantages of a parliamentary forum and referendums as decision-making tools and to insist in the need of clarifying the specific kind of popular consultation that is to be used. Finally, the writer argues in favor of preserving referendums as decisive means in the process of constitutional reform, stressing however the drawbacks that may eventually arise in case of a judicial review. Keywords: referendum, direct democracy, constitutional reform, fundamental rights, same-sex marriage.
Justicia distributiva = Distributive Justice
Authors: Aguiar González Fernando
Published: September 2019

Resumen: En este artículo se realiza un breve recorrido por las teorías de la justicia distributiva más influyentes, partiendo de John Rawls y terminando con los principios propuestos por Martha Nussbaum para el desarrollo de una justicia global. En ese recorrido veremos cómo responden esas teorías a tres preguntas: qué se distribuye, cómo se distribuye y entre quiénes se distribuye. Esto nos permitirá comparar sus fundamentos y sus principios de distribución justa, así como comprender mejor sus límites. Palabras clave: bienes primarios, capacidades, comunidad, igualdad, justicia global, principio de diferencia, renta básica, suerte, utilitarismo. Abstract: This article offers a brief overview of the most influential theories of distributive justice, starting with John Rawls and ending up with Martha Nussbaum´s principles for a global justice. Along this way we will see how they answer these three questions: what to distribute, how it is distributed and among whom it is distributed. This will allow us to compare its foundations and principles of fair distribution, as well as to better understand its limits.  Keywords: basic income, capabilities, community, difference principle, equality, global justice, luck, primary goods, utilitarianism.
Pacifismo jurídico = Legal pacifism
Authors: García Sáez José Antonio
Published: September 2019

Resumen: Guerra y paz pueden ser pensadas como dos momentos que están destinados a sucederse alternativamente dentro la historia de las relaciones internacionales. Pero también cabe la esperanza de que a través del desarrollo de un orden internacional fuerte pueda conseguirse una paz perpetua o, cuanto menos, duradera. A ese fin han destinado sus esfuerzos numerosos juristas cuyas obras pueden ser enmarcadas dentro del pacifismo jurídico. En este texto se tratará de ordenar los rasgos característicos de esta posición, tomando como división central aquella que separa los autores que han apostado por la prohibición de la guerra de aquellos que han apostado por su progresiva superación. Ambas posiciones compartirán su preferencia por el fortalecimiento de las instituciones internacionales, además de una cierta vocación cosmopolita. Palabras clave: Pacifismo jurídico, guerra, paz, filosofía del derecho internacional. Abstract: War and peace could be thought as two moments bound to succeed each other within the history of international relations. But there is also room for the hope in a perpetual or, at least, sustainable peace thorough the development of a strong international order. Several legal scholars, whose works can be labelled inside the legal pacifism, have devoted their efforts to that end. This paper tries to put some order about the main features of legal pacifism. It takes as a central division their position towards war: some legal pacifists have defended the total outlawry of war, while others have considered preferable a progressive overcoming of war. Both positions will share the preference for strength the international institutions, together with a certain degree of cosmopolitan commitment. Keywords: legal pacifism, war, peace, philosophy of international law.
Opinion pública = Public opinion
Authors: Seoane Julio
Published: September 2019

Resumen: Se recorre la historia de la noción de opinión pública en cinco etapas que van desde su presentación en el XVIII con la Ilustración a los nuevos modos de los social media, pasando por la institución de la opinión pública en la prensa liberal del XIX, las cuestiones de la manipulación de finales del XIX y principios del XX y su condición de lugar de la democracia en la segunda mitad del XX. Palabras clave: público, prensa, mass media, sondeos. Abstract: This work try to show the history of public opinion in five stages ranging from its presentation in the XVIII with the Enlightenment to its new configuration with our social media, through the institution of public opinion in the liberal press of the nineteenth century, the issues of manipulation of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and its status as a place of democracy in the second half of the twentieth. Keywords: public, press, mass media, polls.
Estado regulador = Regulatory state
Authors: Baamonde Gómez Laura
Published: September 2019

Resumen: El objetivo es reflexionar acerca del concepto de Estado regulador, y cómo el rol del Estado como Estado social ha evolucionado en las últimas décadas a partir de los procesos de liberalización económica. La crisis del modelo del Estado prestacional ha dejado espacio a los agentes privados del mercado en régimen de competencia. El Estado, por su parte, se ha reservado el papel de regulador, garante o supervisor del funcionamiento eficiente de los mercados que requieren de una intervención pública más intensa para la satisfacción de las necesidades colectivas. En este marco, se abordará, asimismo, cómo esta nueva situación ha impactado en la tradicional división de poderes: protagonismo de las autoridades independientes, surgimiento de nuevos poderes normativos y dificultades para el control judicial de las decisiones de las agencias reguladoras. Finalmente, se propondrán algunas líneas de actuación para el futuro. Palabras clave: Estado regulador, Estado social, derecho regulatorio, liberalización, derecho de la competencia, servicio de interés económico general, autoridades independientes, autorregulación. Abstract: The aim is to reflect about the concept of regulatory state, and how the role of the state as welfare state has developed in the last decades since the first economic liberalization processes. The crisis of the provider state scheme, has let space for the market private agents in a competition regime. The State, for its part, has reserved for itself the authority of regulator, guarantor and supervisor of the efficient functioning of markets that demand more intensive public intervention for the collective needs satisfaction. Within this framework, this article will also address how this new situation has impacted on the traditional division of powers: role of independent authorities, emergence of new regulatory powers and difficulties for judicial review of the decisions of regulatory agencies. Finally, some lines of action for the future will be proposed. Keywords: regulatory state, welfare state, regulation, liberalization, competition law, service of general economic interest, independent authorities, self-regulation.
Innovación pública abierta = Open innovation in the public sector
Authors: Villodre Julián
Published: September 2019

Resumen: La innovación pública abierta es un concepto amplio, que habitualmente hace referencia al aprovechamiento de conocimiento interno y externo con el objetivo de transformar las organizaciones y generar valor público. Esta voz se centra en estudiar el concepto de innovación  pública abierta explorando los orígenes y evolución del mismo, así como su relación con el paradigma de la gobernanza pública inteligente. Adicionalmente, la voz presenta las comunidades digitales de innovación y los laboratorios de innovación pública como aplicaciones prácticas del concepto.Palabras clave: Innovación pública, laboratorios de innovación, innovación abierta, comunidades digitales de innovación, gobierno abierto, gobernanza pública inteligente.Abstract: Open innovation in the public sector is a broad concept which usually refers to the use of internal and external knowledge with the aim of transforming organizations and generating public value. This paper focuses on studying the application of the open innovation concept to the public sector. For this purpose, the paper explores the origins and evolution of the concept, and its relationship with the Smart Governance paradigm. In addition, this paper presents digital innovation communities and living labs as practical applications of the concept.Keywords: Public innovation, living labs, open innovation, digital innovation communities, open government, Smart Governance.
Pactos de integridad = Integrity pacts
Authors: Arribas Reyes Esteban
Published: September 2019

Resumen: El trabajo analiza los pactos de integridad como concepto en construcción –no existe ningún trabajo científico sobre el particular– dentro de la lógica conceptual y teórica de la acción colectiva y, en particular, la aplicación de esta a la “gestión de la integridad” de los procesos de contratación pública (transparencia, rendición de cuentas). Los pactos de integridad nacen de la necesidad de ofrecer soluciones anti-corrupción innovadoras en el ámbito de la contratación pública.Palabras clave: Acción colectiva, gestión de la integridad, pactos de integridad, corrupción, transparencia, contratación pública.Abstract: This work analyses integrity pacts as a concept under construction –there is no scientific work on the particular– within the conceptual and theoretical logic of collective action and, in particular, on the application of these to the management of integrity of public procurement processes (transparency, accountability). Integrity pacts are born from the need to offer innovative anti-corruption solutions in the field of public procurement.Keywords: Collective action, management of integrity, integrity pacts, corruption, transparency, public procurement.
Prestigio del poder y sentimiento nacional = Power’s prestige and national sentiment
Authors: Weber Max
Published: September 2019

El original de este texto está publicado en Weber, M. (2001). Machtprestige und Nationalprestige. En Max Weber Gesemtausgabe Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. Die Wirtschaft und die gesellschaftlichen Ordnungen und Mächte. Nahlass. Teilband I: Gemeinschaften. Edición de Wolfgang J. Mommsen. Tübingen: Mohr, pp. 222-47; las seleccionadas aquí: pp. 240-247. Traducción de Joaquín Abellán García.
Feminismo de Estado: fundamentalmente religioso y religiosamente fundamentalista = State feminism: fundamentally religious and religiously fundamentalist
Authors: García Figueroa Alfonso
Published: September 2019

Reflexiones sobre la propuesta de reforma constitucional "En perspectiva de género" de Itziar Gómez Fernández
Política y Ciencia Política en América Latina o cuando el poder interfiere en la forma de producir conocimiento en la región. Comentario a Paulo Ravecca, The Politics of Political Science: Re-Writing Latin American Experiences
Authors: Ríos Sierra Jerónimo
Published: September 2019

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Politizando la Ciencia Política: Paulo Ravecca y el “yo disciplinar” de la ciencia política latinoamericana. Comentario a Paulo Ravecca, The Politics of Political Science: Re-Writing Latin American Experiences
Authors: Rossello Diego
Published: September 2019

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Respuesta a Jerónimo Ríos Sierra y Diego Rossello
Authors: Ravecca Paulo
Published: September 2019

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Andrej Kristan, Derecho y otros enigmas
Authors: Fernández Cuesta José Alejandro
Published: September 2019

Este artículo reseña: Andrej Kristan, Derecho y otros enigmas.  Madrid. Marcial Pons, 2017, 106 pp.
Kai Ambos, Derecho Penal Internacional Económico. Fundamentos de la responsabilidad penal internacional de las empresas
Authors: González Uriel Daniel
Published: September 2019

Este artículo reseña: Kai Ambos, Derecho Penal Internacional Económico. Fundamentos de la responsabilidad penal internacional de las empresas. Madrid. Editorial Civitas, 2018, 167 pp.
Étienne Balibar, La igualibertad
Authors: Cueva Fernández Ricardo
Published: September 2019

Este artículo reseña:  Étienne Balibar, La igualibertad. Barcelona. Herder, 2017, 496 pp.
Pablo Marshall (ed.), Citizenship and Disadvantaged Groups in Chile
Authors: Lloredo Alix Luis
Published: September 2019

Este artículo reseña: Pablo Marshall (ed.), Citizenship and Disadvantaged Groups in Chile.  Lanham [etc.].  Lexington Books , 2018, 221 pp.
Análise de sistemas de microdrenagem
Authors: Bonavita Georgia Dutra de Oliveira , Fonseca Paulo Luiz da
Published: September 2019

O dimensionamento adequado dos sistemas de drenagem e consequente manutenção preventiva são de suma importância para mitigar os impactos negativos advindos de eventos de chuvas intensas, principalmente sobre áreas urbanas consolidadas. É fundamental que o dimensionamento das galerias de águas pluviais atenda aos critérios e parâmetros estabelecidos em manuais e instruções técnicas, de forma a garantir seu bom funcionamento, bem como o atendimento à programação de manutenção preventiva e à pesquisa de possíveis interferências de redes de concessionárias com o sistema de drenagem urbana. O presente artigo tem como proposta discorrer sobre a importância de um cadastro fidedigno visando análise hidráulica e consequente desempenho de sistemas de microdrenagem, além do planejamento de execução da manutenção preventiva e da avaliação de possíveis interferências das redes de concessionárias com as galerias de águas pluviais. Em um estudo de caso, foi verificada a atual suficiência hidráulica da rede de microdrenagem de um condomínio situado no bairro de Realengo, zona oeste da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, e analisadas possíveis interferências da rede de esgotamento sanitário do condomínio sobre o sistema pluvial implantado. Não foram identificadas interferências da rede de esgoto sobre a rede de drenagem e, para um tempo de recorrência de 10 anos, o sistema de microdrenagem funciona como conduto livre, com vazão de 202,7 L/s no trecho correspondente ao deságue no rio Piraquara.
Prevalence and factors associated with the generalized anxiety disorder among people living with HIV/AIDS in Brazilian outpatient clinics
Authors: Santana Rafael Dantas , Pinho Carolina Saraiva Nunes , Pinheiro Junior Francisco Marto Leal , Bezerra Fabrício Maicy , Cavalcante Malena Gadelha , Campos Eugênio de Moura , Pires Neto Roberto da Justa
Published: September 2019

Introduction: The Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic worrying disorder, which causes social and occupational impairment. Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of GAD among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and to determine the associated socio-demographic and clinical factors. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study between September 2014 and April 2015 at four HIV outpatient clinics in Fortaleza, Northeastern Brazil. We surveyed 257 individuals living with HIV/AIDS, aged > 18-years, of both sexes. Four modalities of instruments were used to collect the data: a socio-demographic questionnaire; the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview; the Hamilton’s Anxiety Scale; and chart data. Results: GAD prevalence was 14%. Female sex, CD4 200-500 versus < 200, CD4 > 500 versus < 200 and being homeless were associated in the multivariate model. Conclusion: The study demonstrates the necessity of proactively addressing mental health as well as physical health issues in HIV+ individuals.
Application of amino acids and micronutrients on yield of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).
Authors: Gonçalves André Henrique , Pereira Anielli Souza , Malvino Jefferson Henrique Gomes , Dos Santos Valdere Martins , Bonilha Maria Alice Figueiredo Martins
Published: September 2019

Aiming to verify the effects of the use of sources of amino acids associated to micronutrients on the final yield of common bean, was conducted an experiment at FAZU in Uberaba-MG, using Carioca kind of bean, cultivar Pérola. The design was in randomized blocks with eight treatments and four repetitions. The sowing was done in August 18, 2008, the final stand of 240.000 plants ha-1.  Fertilization was held with 8-28-16 and coverage with urea. The treatments were constituted of T1: witness; T2: seed treatment (B: 0,1%; Cu: 0,1%; Mo: 2,%; Zn: 4,6%); T3: seed treatment + foliar fertilization at 25 DAE (B: 0,3%; Mn: 2,%; Mo: 1%; Zn: 3% + amino acids); T4: seed treatment + foliar application of amino acids at 25 DAE; T5: seed treatment + foliar application of amino aciads in the pre and post-bloom (40 and 50 DAE); T6: foliar fertilization at 25 DAE (B: 0,3%; Mn: 2%; Mo: 1,%; Zn: 3% + amino acids); T7: foliar application of amino acids at 25 DAE; T8: foliar application (B: 0,3%; Mn: 2%; Mo: 1,%; Zn: 3% + amino acids) in the pre and post-bloom (40 and 50 DAE). It was evaluated: final yield, number of pods/plants, number of grains/pods and the mass of 100 grains. The results did not show relevant difference.
As bases epistemológicas da ecologia da paisagem
Authors: Ritter Lia Maris Orth , Moro Rosemeri Segecin
Published: September 2019

A paisagem começou a ser citada como um termo técnico científico no século XIX. Desde então, tem sido definido de acordo com diferentes referências filosóficas, onde é possível ver um claro dualismo em seu significado. Trata-se de um intenso debate nas ciências sociais e naturais: a geografia física propõe uma compreensão da paisagem como um sistema ecológico, enquanto a geografia humana se volta para a visão interpretativa. Existem raízes européias e norte-americanas da paisagem ecológica, sendo a última mais recente (década de 1980), baseada na ecologia do ecossistema e na modelagem / análise espacial. Seu desenvolvimento foi favorecido pelo advento de imagens de satélite e popularização de computadores pessoais, fornecendo, portanto, recursos importantes para análises de imagens e geo-estatísticas. Mas, ainda assim, existem diferentes posições a serem adotadas pelo pesquisador que trabalha nessa área. Metzger (2001) sugere a adoção de uma abordagem integrada, onde o contexto ecológico e a ação humana são considerados e gerenciados como elementos obrigatórios na dinâmica ambiental. Nosso estudo teve como objetivo listar alguns dos principais conceitos de paisagem considerados pelos biólogos em suas pesquisas sobre ecologia da paisagem.
Modelagem Hidrológica em uma Sub-bacia Hidrográfica do Baixo Rio Araguaia, TO
Authors: Viola Marcelo Ribeiro , De Mello Carlos Rogério , Giongo Marcos , Beskow Samuel , Dos Santos André Ferreira
Published: September 2019

A simulação hidrológica é uma ferramenta importante para o gerenciamento de recursos hídricos, pois permite que os profissionais avaliem os impactos de atividades antrópicas e mudanças climáticas na disponibilidade de água. A bacia hidrográfica do rio Lontra está situada na bacia do baixo rio Araguaia, que é uma importante região econômica do norte do estado do Tocantins. O entendimento de suas características hidrológicas é fundamental para o desenvolvimento de estudos ambientais para apoiar a tomada de decisões relacionadas ao gerenciamento de recursos hídricos, uma vez que forte pressão tem sido observada devido à expansão da fronteira agrícola e ao centro econômico instalado. O modelo hidrológico LASH (sigla para Lavras Simulation of Hydrology) é caracterizado como um modelo determinístico, semi-conceitual e espacialmente distribuído e foi aplicado com sucesso em bacias hidrográficas localizadas no sudeste do Brasil. Verificou-se neste estudo que o modelo foi capaz de capturar adequadamente o regime hidrológico geral na bacia hidrográfica estudada. Três coeficientes estatísticos utilizados para medir o modelo de ajuste, Nash-Sutcliffe (CNS), Log (CNS) e coeficiente de determinação (R²) apresentaram valores superiores a 0,74, 0,80 e 0,90, respectivamente. A curva de duração do fluxo simulado apresentou um bom ajuste em relação ao observado, com pequenos erros para predição de vazões mínimas e máximas. Assim, podemos concluir que o modelo LASH simula adequadamente o regime hidrológico da bacia hidrográfica do rio Lontra e pode ser aplicado para avaliação da disponibilidade hídrica ou planejamento e gerenciamento de recursos hídricos na bacia do baixo rio Araguaia.