bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical spatial interactions in the Aveiro-Ílhavo housing market
Retrieving W from data under an asymmetrical assumption
Authors: Batista Paulo , Bhattacharjee Arnab , Marques João , Wolf Jan , Castro Eduardo
Published: August 2023

Space is an important element for understanding housing values: it assimilates the complexity of locational preferences and translates them through market price dynamics. In housing price modeling, space tends to be incorporated through the lens of spatial heterogeneity and spatial dependence, which need to be explicitly modeled. The scientific debate on the field has been encouraging more relaxed assumptions regarding the specification of socio-economic-spatial relations, with a data-driven (ex-post) W specification gaining importance over the years. This work draws from theoretical and empirical insights on spatial diffusion, particularly the so-called ripple effects in housing market prices, combining them with an approach to estimate W from data. It applies a strategy to retrieve a spatial dependence structure under the minimal assumption that they are hierarchical, using a Monte Carlo simulation and an empirical application to a local housing market in Portugal (Aveiro-Ílhavo). It shows this technique's feasibility in producing estimates of spatial dependence at the local scale to identify complex but meaningful territorial interaction structures. The revealed spatial interactions are compatible with the notion of ripple effects and also surpass geographical proximity.
General Purpose Propofol Target Controlled Infusions Using the Marsh Model with Adjusted Body Weight
Authors: Zhong George , Xu Xiabing
Published: August 2023

Purpose
We report a novel method for adjusting the input weight of the Marsh target controlled infusion (TCI) model so that it mimics the behavior of the Eleveld model. In this study, we compare the performance of our weight adjusted Marsh model with the Eleveld model across diverse patient groups.
Methods
We simulated 2,768 subjects with diverse combinations of age, weight, height and sex undergoing a hypothetical four-hour propofol TCI with either the Eleveld model or the Marsh model using our adjusted input weight. The performance of our augmented Marsh model was compared with the Eleveld model using established methods.
Results
The Marsh model using our adjusted weight input produced infusion regimes and effect site concentrations closely mimicking that of the Eleveld model for all simulated patients. The median and maximum absolute performance errors of our augmented Marsh model were less than 8.1% and 20.3%, respectively, compared to the Eleveld model.
Conclusion
By adjusting the input weight using our novel algorithm, the infusion regime of the Marsh model produced effect site concentrations closely mimicking that of the Eleveld model. We believe this is a robust way of improving the precision of the Marsh model, especially in patients at extremes of age and body mass index, until the Eleveld model becomes more widely available in commercial infusion pumps.
Accuracy of the I2 point estimate for testing selection bias risk in meta-analyses – a simulation study (Protocol)
Authors: Mickenautsch Steffen , Yengopal Veerasamy
Published: August 2023

Objectives: To establish the test sensitivity and specificity of the I2 point estimate for testing selection bias risk in meta-analyses under condition of large versus small trial sample size and large versus small trial number in meta-analysis and to test the null-hypothesis that the differences are not statistically significant.

Methods: Simulation trials will be generated in MS Excel, each consisting of three components, entered in form of three parallel columns: a sequence of subject ID (accession) numbers representing trial subjects; a random sequence of allocation to group A or B and a random sequence of a simulated baseline variable (‘age’) per subject, ranging between 50 to 55. These simulation trials will be included into five types of meta-analyses with large/small numbers of trials, as well as trials with large and small sample sizes. All meta-analyses will be tested using the I2 point estimate. The numbers of true positive, false positive, false negative and true negative test results will be established. From these, the test sensitivity and specificity will be computed for each of the meta-analysis types and statistically compared.

Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval is not required for simulation-based studies. The results will be disseminated as a prior preprint version and subsequent peer-reviewed publication.
On The Physics of Glaciations and Lessons Learned
Authors: Swedan Nabil
Published: August 2023

Fossil fuel reserves will ultimately be depleted, and carbon neutral or low carbon economies of the future may restore past climate regulating parameters. Therefore, knowledge of the physics of glaciations and paleoclimates is warranted. Glaciations occurred when the atmosphere was rich in carbon dioxide. They were initiated by the instinctive and inherent tendency of living matter to multiply. When the size of aquatic photosynthesis increased, chemical energy was stored in plant tissues, and the surrounding sea water lost an equal amount of heat. The decrease in sea temperature was small; however, it was amplified by the ocean. Aquatic photosynthesis is a thermodynamic cycle and requires a flow of sea water medium of heat transfer. The flow of water alters the thermohaline circulation pattern. As a result, during cooling periods, cold water of the deep ocean was displaced to the surface, and surface cooling was amplified. The opposite occurred during warming periods. The cold water was returned back to the deep ocean. Accordingly, past surface temperature variation is calculated and found to be in agreement with observations. Based on this understanding, reducing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to 350 ppmv is unnecessary, and artificial sequestration of carbon dioxide is unjustified.
NiTiHfX Shape Memory Alloy Actuation Strain Prediction
Authors: Abedi Hossein , Qattawi Ala
Published: August 2023

Data-driven techniques are used to predict the actuation strain (AS) of NiTiHfX shape memory alloy (SMA). A Machine Learning (ML) approach is used to overcome the high dimensional dependency of NiTiHfX AS on numerous factors, as well as the lack of fully known governing physics. Detailed data extraction on available experimental studies is performed to gather any related information about the actuation strain. The elemental composition, manufacturing approaches, thermal treatments, applied stress, and post-processing steps that are commonly used to process NiTiHfX and have an impact on the material AS are used as input parameters of the ML models.
Since a broad data collection is performed the information for each input factor was sufficient for the use of the majority of the accessible information in the literature on NiTiHfX AS. Taking into account most of the regular NiTiHfX processing factors also enables the option of tuning additional characteristics of NiTiHfX in addition to the ASs. The work is unique as is the first to fully investigate the NiTiHfX AS prediction.
To forecast the NiTiHfX ASs, a total of 901 data sets or 17119 data points were gathered, verified, and selected. Several machine-learning approaches were applied and joint to gather to guarantee robust modeling. The global model's overall determination factor (R2) was 0.96, suggesting the viability of the proposed NN model. Such a model opens the possibility of intelligent material selection and processing to maximize the AS or shape memory effect of NiTiHf SMA.
Internal Ribosome Entry Sites act as Effector Domain in linear and circular antisense long non-coding SINEUP RNAs.
Authors: D’Agostino Sabrina , Tettey-Matey Abraham , Volpe Massimiliano , Pierattini Bianca , Ansaloni Federico , Lau Pierre , Bon Carlotta , Peruzzo Omar , Braccia Clarissa , Armirotti Andrea , Scarpato Margherita , Damiani Devid , Carlo Valerio Di , Broglia Laura , Bechara Elias , Tartaglia Gian Gaetano , Carninci Piero , Santoro Claudio , Persichetti Francesca , Pandolfini Luca , Espinoza Stefano , Zucchelli Silvia , Sanges Remo , Gustincich Stefano
Published: August 2023

SINEUPs are antisense long non-coding RNAs that enhance translation of overlapping sense mRNAs through the activity of two domains: a SINEB2 sequence UP-regulating translation (Effector Domain, ED) and an antisense region providing target specificity (Binding Domain, BD).
In this study, we demonstrate that the invSINEB2 sequence from the natural SINEUP AS Uchl1 RNA is an Internal Ribosomal Entry Site (IRES) when acting in cis and that known viral and cellular IRES sequences can act as Effector Domain in synthetic SINEUPs.
To identify natural IRES-containing, non-coding RNAs with SINEUP-like activity, we focused on circular RNAs showing that the non-coding hsa_circ_0085533 (circMyc), transcribed from the c-myc locus, enhances endogenous protein expression of its target PX Domain Containing Serine/Threonine Kinase Like (Pxk) by increasing mRNA association to polysomes.
In summary, this study shows that natural and synthetic SINEUPs include linear and circular transcripts with an embedded IRES sequence as ED.
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN KERJA DAN KETERIKATAN KARYAWAN TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN HOTEL DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Daulay Geby Silvia Meylani , Respati Agustini Dyah
Published: August 2023

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk menguji pengaruh lingkungan kerja dan keterikatan karyawan terhadap kinerja karyawan beberapa hotel di Kota Yogyakarta. Data penelitian dikumpulkan  melalui kuesioner hardcopy yang dibagikan secara langsung dengan mendatangi tiap-tiap hotel tempat responden bekerja. Hotel-hotel tersebut meliputi delapan  hotel dengan kriteria Bintang 2 dan Bintang 3 di kota Yogyakarta yaitu hotel D’kayon, hotel Orlen, De Laxton hotel, Puri Artha hotel, Grand Kangen hotel Urip Sumoharjo, Tickle hotel, Favehotel Kusumanegara dan Grand Puri Saron Hotel dengan total sebanyak 80 responden. Data penelitian diolah dengan bantuan program SPSS (Statistical Program for Social Science).  Sampel dipilih menggunakan simple random sampling, yang dilakukan secara acak tanpa mempertimbangkan strata yang ada di dalamnya. Hasil uji analisis linier berganda dan uji t menunjukkan bahwa variabel lingkungan kerja tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan; sedangkan keterikatan karyawan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan.Kata Kunci: Lingkungan Kerja; Keterikatan Karyawan; Kinerja Karyawan Hotel ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determine the influence of work environment and employee engagement on the performance of hotel employees in Yogyakarta City. The research data was obtained through a hardcopy questionnaire that was shared directly by visiting each hotel. The hotels used in this study included 8 hotels from 2 and 3 stars in the city of Yogyakarta, namely D'kayon hotel, Orlen hotel, De Laxton hotel, Puri Artha hotel, Grand Kangen hotel Urip Sumoharjo, Tickle hotel, Favehotel Kusumanegara and Grand Puri Saron Hotel with a total of 80 respondents. Then it is processed using the SPSS (Statistical Program for Social Science). Sampling is selected using simple random which is done randomly without considering the strata in it. The test results using multiple linear analysis and t test with the results of the work environment have no effect on employee performance while employee attachment affects employee performance.Keywords: Work Environment; Employee Engagement; Hotel Employee Performance
Diagnosing weakly first-order phase transitions by coupling to order parameters
Authors: D'Emidio Jonathan , Eberharter Alexander , Läuchli Andreas
Published: August 2023

The hunt for exotic quantum phase transitions described by emergent fractionalized degrees of freedom coupled to gauge fields requires a precise determination of the fixed point structure from the field theoretical side, and an extreme sensitivity to weak first-order transitions from the numerical side. Addressing the latter, we revive the classic definition of the order parameter in the limit of a vanishing external field at the transition. We demonstrate that this widely understood, yet so far unused approach provides a diagnostic test for first-order versus continuous behavior that is distinctly more sensitive than current methods. We first apply it to the family of QQ-state Potts models, where the nature of the transition is continuous for Q≤4Q≤4 and turns (weakly) first order for Q>4Q>4, using an infinite system matrix product state implementation. We then employ this new approach to address the unsettled question of deconfined quantum criticality in the S=1/2S=1/2 Néel to valence bond solid transition in two dimensions, focusing on the square lattice JJ-QQ model. Our quantum Monte Carlo simulations reveal that both order parameters remain finite at the transition, directly confirming a first-order scenario with wide reaching implications in condensed matter and quantum field theory.
A range three elliptic deformation of the Hubbard model
Authors: de Leeuw Marius , Paletta Chiara , Pozsgay Balázs
Published: August 2023

In this paper we present a new integrable deformation of the Hubbard model. Our deformation gives rise to a range 3 interaction term in the Hamiltonian which does not preserve spin or particle number. This is the first non-trivial medium range deformation of the Hubbard model that is integrable. Our model can be mapped to a new integrable nearest-neighbour model via a duality transformation. The resulting nearest-neighbour model also breaks spin conservation. We compute the RR-matrices for our models, and find that there is a very unusual dependence on the spectral parameters in terms of the elliptic amplitude.
Did the Septuagint’s Account of the Life of Abraham in Gen 12–25 Serve as a Model for the Description of Mattathias’ Achievements in 1 Macc 2:1–70?
Authors: Nawrot Janusz
Published: August 2023

By recording Mattathias’ final eulogy (1 Macc 2:49–68), the author of 1 Maccabees presented the main character as encouraging his sons to imitate faithfully their ancestors (2:51). The fighting insurgents were to take this example for their behaviour in specific, difficult life situations. In this way, the successively mentioned fathers were to become both models and support in the struggle for the religious and political freedom of the Jews in the Seleucid period. It is very likely that the main character himself – the patriarch of the Maccabean family – was described as a faithful follower of Abraham, the first patriarch of all Israel. The article shows possible connections between these two figures on the basis of situational and literary associations, to answer the question whether this could have been the hagiographer’s intended intention or it is just an accidental similarity. Intertextual exegesis seems to be most suitable tool for studying this problem.
Decision against Abortion in an Ancient Greek Novel (Chariton, Callirhoe 2.8–11)
Authors: Wojciechowski Michał
Published: August 2023

The article firstly outlines attitudes toward abortion in the Greek pagan world. Against this background, a unique passage from Callirhoe, a Greek novel from the first century AD, is presented. It is the longest ancient text on the subject and the only one that presents the opinions of women (and perhaps is also authored by a woman). These women are Callirhoe, who was sold into slavery, and Plangon, another slave. The article includes a translation of Callirhoe 2.8–11 and discusses its message. The novel cites some justifications for abortion (the unfortunate fate of the prospective slave and his mother; avoiding an unwanted marriage), but speaks of a child, not a fetus. In the end, the protagonist describes abortion as unlawful and ungodly infanticide and states that both the child and its father would have voted for life. The life of the child is more important than the personal virtue of sophrosyne.
Historia Loretańskiego kościoła Matki Zbawiciela Świata bł. Baptysty Mantuana. Wstęp i tłumaczenie
Authors: Górka Elżbieta , Bekieszczuk Krzysztof Jacek
Published: August 2023

Artykuł prezentuje rzadko dotąd uwzględniany w badaniach nad historią sanktuarium maryjnego w Loreto literacki opis tego miejsca ułożony przez bł. Baptystę Mantuana (1447–1516) – czołowego poetę chrześcijańskiego epoki renesansu. Powstanie utworu związane jest z krótkim epizodem z historii Bazyliki Loretańskiej, kiedy opiekę nad nią sprawowali karmelici. Sam bł. Baptysta Mantuanus należał do tego zakonu i był jednym z głównych promotorów jego odnowy duchowej w końcu XV wieku. Dzieło stanowi zarazem jeden z licznych wyrazów osobistej pobożności maryjnej poety. Artykuł udostępnia po raz pierwszy polskie tłumaczenie i opracowanie naukowe tekstu, który krótko po napisaniu zdobył niemałą popularność i został przełożony na język włoski jeszcze w XV wieku. Dzieło bł. Baptysty Mantuana składa się z trzech zasadniczych części: opisu cudownego przeniesienia Świętego Domku do Italii, prezentacji wydarzeń związanych z rozbudową sanktuarium i powierzeniem pieczy nad nim karmelitom, ukazania wyjątkowości Loreto poprzez zestawienie z miejscami z historii zbawienia.
Kemmerer Lives! The Evolution of the Composition of the Central Bank Boards of Five Latin American Countries
Authors: Salas-Díaz Ricardo José
Published: August 2023

This study examines the evolution of the composition of the boards of the central banks from Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru throughout the 20th century. Although the initial boards of those central banks were similar, they included representatives from different institutions, such as labor unions, bankers, business associations, and governments. Over eighty years, governments implemented several reforms that changed the composition of the boards , increasing the weight of business associations, while rapidly decreasing the participation of labor unions and bankers. In the 1960s and 1970s, government representatives took over the boards until the independence reforms of the late 1980s and early 1990s. Despite facing political turmoil and undergoing several restructurings, these five “Kemmerer” central banks evolved in parallel up to the new century.
A Study on Writing Education Methods for Flexibility of Thinking: Focusing on Active Storytelling
Authors:   Korean Language & Literature, Son Min-young
Published: August 2023

This study attempted to devise a writing method that assists internal growth from a self-oriented perspective among the fields of writing education using storytelling. Specifically, among the subcategories of storytelling, active storytelling was applied to examine writing education methods that help flexible thinking, an indicator of internal growth. First, the self-narratives was completed and reviewed by applying the Big Blur characteristics of active storytelling. At this time, emotional ventilation was used to select the original story. Next, the multi-path characteristics of active storytelling were applied to help flexibility of thinking. The XY thinking experiment was used as a recognition conversion technique for multipath generation. As a result, irrational and rigid thinking was confirmed in the contents of the Emotional Ventilation Act and the first self-narratives. Subsequently, the XY thinking experiment confirmed the movement of rigid perception. Finally, as a result of analyzing the first generated single path and the subsequent generated multi-path using the REBT technique, significant flexibility of thinking was confirmed. This study accumulated the method and possibility of qualitative analysis evaluation by analyzing and applying the dimension of flexibility of thinking among the indicators of internal growth through writing education. However, due to the limited case of focusing on individual thinking flexibility, categorization has limitations. In the future, writing education methods from a self-oriented perspective should be accumulated through continuous research.
Flora y vegetación del Área Natural Protegida La Alberca, municipio Tacámbaro, Michoacán, México
Authors: Ramírez-Ramos Fernanda , Cornejo-Tenorio Guadalupe , Ibarra Manríquez Guillermo
Published: August 2023

Antecedentes y Objetivos: La Alberca de Tacámbaro es uno de los tres lagos cráter que existen en Michoacán, México. El conocimiento que se tiene sobre la flora y vegetación de esta área protegida es inexistente. Por lo tanto, los objetivos del presente trabajo son: 1) elaborar una lista florística, 2) conocer el grado de endemismo de la flora y las especies clasificadas bajo alguna categoría de riesgo y 3) describir los tipos de vegetación presentes en La Alberca.Métodos: Se llevaron a cabo 20 salidas a campo, entre 2018 y 2023, para recolectar plantas vasculares que presentaran estructuras reproductivas. La identificación se realizó mediante literatura taxonómica, el cotejo con ejemplares tipo y el apoyo de especialistas en ciertos grupos taxonómicos. El material se depositó en los herbarios IEB, MEXU y MO. La vegetación se describió fisonómicamente, considerando la estratificación vertical, composición florística, dominancia y fenología foliar de las especies arbóreas.Resultados clave: Se determinaron 450 especies, agrupadas en 287 géneros y 92 familias. Asteraceae (79 especies), Fabaceae (60), Poaceae (25), Malvaceae (16) y Solanaceae (15) fueron las más diversas. A nivel genérico destacaron Desmodium (12 especies), Ipomoea (9), Solanum (8), Bletia (7), Euphorbia, Salvia y Stevia (5 cada uno). Las hierbas fueron la forma de crecimiento predominante (70.4%). El área presenta 141 (31.3%) especies endémicas de México y 19 están incluidas bajo alguna categoría de riesgo, de acuerdo con la NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010, la IUCN y la CITES. Se describieron cuatro tipos de vegetación: bosque de Pinus, bosque de Pinus-Quercus, bosque tropical caducifolio y bosque tropical subcaducifolio.Conclusiones: La Alberca de Tacámbaro cuenta con una riqueza florística relevante (118 especies por ha). Este estudio aporta 345 especies no registradas para la flora del municipio Tacámbaro. Se reconoce una nueva especie de Nolina y el primer registro de Holographis peloria, Pherotrichis villosa y Prionosciadium lilacinum para Michoacán.
Effect of different fertilizers on growth and nutrient state of fenugreek
(Trigonella foenum–graecum L.)
Authors: Al-Hadithi Ghena S. , Faleh Nebrass , A. Al-Saady Hassan A.
Published: August 2023

A pots plastic experiment was conducted in a plastic –house of the Faculty of
Science, Mustansiriyah University, to study the effect of three fertilizers (vermicompost, peat-moss and Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP)) levels on some
phenotypic characteristics (plant height, fresh and dry weight) and concentration
of nutrients (N, P, K and Ca), chlorophyll and protein of fenugreek according to
the complete randomized design with six replicates. The treatments consisted of
four levels of vermicompost (0, 6, 12 and 18g.pot-1
) and one level of both peatmoss(12g.pot-1
) and DAP(1g.pot-1
). The results showed significant differences
between different fertilizer levels on phenotypic characteristics and nutrient state.
Also, the highest value of some studied characteristics was found at treatment
12g.pot-1 of vermicompost.
Keywords: vermicompost, peat-moss, DAP and fenugreek.
Response of Cucumber Pants to the Addition of Animal Waste and Dry Yeast
Suspension
Authors: H. M. AL-Jaf Idrees , Al-Hayali R. E. Y. , F. Z. Al-Dulaimy Ahmed , AL Miahy Falah, H. R.
Published: August 2023

A factorial experiment was carried out during the year 2021 in one of
the villages in the Abu Ghraib district – Baghdad, to evaluate the effect of adding
animal waste and dry bread yeast suspension on some vegetative growth characteristics of cucumber plants (Hadeel hybrid) grown under a protected environment.
Three types of animal wastes (cattle, sheep and poultry) and dry bread yeast suspension were selected and the control treatment without adding any organic waste.
The results indicated that poultry manure showed the best effects in the studied
traits, which included leaf area ) of 31.69 cm2
(, dry weight of shoot )40.0 g(,
number of leaves )32.73 leaf plant-1
), stem diameter (11.48 mm), plant length
(224.3 cm) and number of nodes 33.73 node plant-1
).On the other hand, adding dry
yeast suspension to plants improved in all studies of vegetative growth characteristics compared to the control treatment.
Keywords: Cucumber, fertilize, organic manure, biofertilizer, vegetative growth.
The effect of soil management method on some characteristics of
limestone soils in the Muthanna desert
Authors: Fazaa Al-Ghanimi Ahmed Kadhim
Published: August 2023

Four areas were selected in the Al-Rehab region, the desert of
Muthanna Governorate, which differs in the management style, the duration of
agricultural exploitation, and the quality of irrigation water. It was taken in each
Pedon region, and the morphological and chemical measurements were revealed
and conducted. It was found that the thickness of the A horizon ranged between
10-15 centimeters and the thickness of the B horizon between 25-45 centimeters
in all study pedons. The administration style did not affect Hue, as all horizons
were within the color (10YR) and chroma, as the colors ranged from light white
to very bale brown (10 YR7/4) and white (10YR8/1), the soil texture was between Sandy loam, Sandy clay loam, Loamy Sand. As for the chemical properties, the percentage of lime CaCO3 ranged between (250-400) gm/km-1
and the
percentage of gypsum ranged between (1.2-1.8) g. km-1 The electrical conductivity EC ranged between (3.9-18)ds.m-1
, while the organic matter was between (2.1-
13.5) and the CEC values ranged between (12-18Coml.kg).
Keywords: soil management, calcareous soils
Feasibility of a Text Messaging–Integrated and Chatbot-Interfaced Self-Management Program for Symptom Control in Patients With Gastrointestinal Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy: Pilot Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Gomaa Sameh , Posey James , Bashir Babar , Basu Mallick Atrayee , Vanderklok Eleanor , Schnoll Max , Zhan Tingting , Wen Kuang-Yi
Published: August 2023

Background

Outpatient chemotherapy often leaves patients to grapple with a range of complex side effects at home. Leveraging tailored evidence-based content to monitor and manage these symptoms remains an untapped potential among patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer.

Objective

This study aims to bridge the gap in outpatient chemotherapy care by integrating a cutting-edge text messaging system with a chatbot interface. This approach seeks to enable real-time monitoring and proactive management of side effects in patients with GI cancer undergoing intravenous chemotherapy.

Methods

Real-Time Chemotherapy-Associated Side Effects Monitoring Supportive System (RT-CAMSS) was developed iteratively, incorporating patient-centered inputs and evidence-based information. It synthesizes chemotherapy knowledge, self-care symptom management skills, emotional support, and healthy lifestyle recommendations. In a single-arm 2-month pilot study, patients with GI cancer undergoing chemotherapy received tailored intervention messages thrice a week and a weekly Patient-Reported Outcomes Version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events–based symptom assessment via a chatbot interface. Baseline and postintervention patient surveys and interviews were conducted.

Results

Out of 45 eligible patients, 34 were enrolled (76% consent rate). The mean age was 61 (SD 12) years, with 19 (56%) being females and 21 (62%) non-Hispanic White. The most common cancer type was pancreatic (n=18, 53%), followed by colon (n=12, 35%) and stomach (n=4, 12%). In total, 27 (79% retention rate) participants completed the postintervention follow-up. In total, 20 patients texted back at least once to seek additional information, with the keyword “chemo” or “support” texted the most. Among those who used the chatbot system checker, fatigue emerged as the most frequently reported symptom (n=15), followed by neuropathy (n=7). Adjusted for multiple comparisons, patients engaging with the platform exhibited significantly improved Patient Activation Measure (3.70, 95% CI –6.919 to –0.499; P=.02). Postintervention interviews and satisfaction surveys revealed that participants found the intervention was user-friendly and were provided with valuable information.

Conclusions

Capitalizing on mobile technology communication holds tremendous scalability for enhancing health care services. This study presents initial evidence of the engagement and acceptability of RT-CAMSS, warranting further evaluation in a controlled clinical trial setting.
A Comprehensive, Valid, and Reliable Tool to Assess the Degree of Responsibility of Digital Health Solutions That Operate With or Without Artificial Intelligence: 3-Phase Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lehoux Pascale , Rocha de Oliveira Robson , Rivard Lysanne , Silva Hudson Pacifico , Alami Hassane , Mörch Carl Maria , Malas Kathy
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Clinicians’ scope of responsibilities is being steadily transformed by digital health solutions that operate with or without artificial intelligence (DAI solutions). Most tools developed to foster ethical practices lack rigor and do not concurrently capture the health, social, economic, and environmental issues that such solutions raise.

OBJECTIVE

To support clinical leadership in this field, we aimed to develop a comprehensive, valid, and reliable tool that measures the responsibility of DAI solutions by adapting the multidimensional and already validated Responsible Innovation in Health Tool.

METHODS

We conducted a 3-phase mixed methods study. Relying on a scoping review of available tools, phase 1 (concept mapping) led to a preliminary version of the Responsible DAI solutions Assessment Tool. In phase 2, an international 2-round e-Delphi expert panel rated on a 5-level scale the importance, clarity, and appropriateness of the tool’s components. In phase 3, a total of 2 raters independently applied the revised tool to a sample of DAI solutions (n=25), interrater reliability was measured, and final minor changes were made to the tool.

RESULTS

The mapping process identified a comprehensive set of responsibility premises, screening criteria, and assessment attributes specific to DAI solutions. e-Delphi experts critically assessed these new components and provided comments to increase content validity (n=293), and after round 2, consensus was reached on 85% (22/26) of the items surveyed. Interrater agreement was substantial for a subcriterion and almost perfect for all other criteria and assessment attributes.

CONCLUSIONS

The Responsible DAI solutions Assessment Tool offers a comprehensive, valid, and reliable means of assessing the degree of responsibility of DAI solutions in health. As regulation remains limited, this forward-looking tool has the potential to change practice toward more equitable as well as economically and environmentally sustainable digital health care.
Users’ Motivations for Facebook Unfriending During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Neely Stephen
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Social networking sites (SNSs) such as Facebook have been central to the global exchange of health-related information throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, but during this time, increased web-based interactions proved to be a source of stress and conflict for many SNS users. Prior research suggests that many users have engaged in significant boundary regulation during this period, using behaviors such as unfriending to refine and reorient their social networks in response to pandemic-related information.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to examine Facebook unfriending during and in relation to the first year of the pandemic to better understand how SNS users have managed and maintained their social networks around the COVID-19 pandemic. On the one hand, unfriending may be motivated by an attempt to protect the utility and accuracy of a user’s informational environment. On the other hand, it may be motivated by a desire to tune out alternative viewpoints and opinions. Both motivations may have significant implications for public health discourse and outcomes.

METHODS

A sample of 824 active Facebook users (drawn from a representative survey of 1000 American adults) was analyzed using a series of logit regression models. Survey respondents were selected using a stratified quota sampling approach to ensure a representative sample of the US population. Balanced quotas were determined (by the region of the country) for sex, age, race, ethnicity, and political affiliation.

RESULTS

In total, 31.7% (261/824) of active Facebook users unfriended at least one account over COVID-19 pandemic–related posts during the first year of the pandemic. The most common reasons for unfriending included “making political comments about COVID-19” (191/824, 23.2%) and “posting information that was inconsistent with public health guidelines” (162/824, 19.7%). As hypothesized, reliance on Facebook for COVID-19 pandemic–related news and information was associated with a greater likelihood of unfriending, particularly in response to information that was inconsistent with public health guidelines. Political factors (particularly partisan intensity) were also predictive of unfriending, especially in the case of COVID-19 pandemic–related disagreements.

CONCLUSIONS

Both information utility concerns and political factors were associated with a greater likelihood of COVID-19 pandemic–related unfriending, although the magnitude of the effects associated with utility appears to be greater. Although utility-motivated unfriending may lead to more reliable health information experiences for some SNS users, the tendency of consumers to assess accuracy and credibility on the basis of partisan predilections obscures this finding and warrants further consideration.
Correction: Efficacy, Effectiveness, and Quality of Resilience-Building Mobile Health Apps for Military, Veteran, and Public Safety Personnel Populations: Scoping Literature Review and App Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Voth Melissa , Chisholm Shannon , Sollid Hannah , Jones Chelsea , Smith-MacDonald Lorraine , Brémault-Phillips Suzette
Published: August 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

No abstract
Digital Literacy Training for Low-Income Older Adults Through Undergraduate Community-Engaged Learning: Single-Group Pretest-Posttest Study (Preprint)
Authors: Miller Lisa M Soederberg , Callegari Rachel A , Abah Theresa , Fann Helen
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Digital technology is a social determinant of health that affects older people’s ability to engage in health maintenance and disease prevention activities; connect with family and friends; and, more generally, age in place. Unfortunately, disparities in technology adoption and use exist among older adults compared with other age groups and are even greater among low-income older adults.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we described the development and implementation of a digital literacy training program designed with the dual goals of training low-income older adults in the community and teaching students about aging using a community-engaged learning (CEL) approach.

METHODS

The training program was embedded within a 10-week CEL course that paired undergraduates (N=27) with low-income older adults (n=18) for 8 weeks of digital literacy training. Older adults and students met weekly at the local senior center for the training. Students also met in the classroom weekly to learn about aging and how to use design thinking to train their older adult trainees. Both older adults and students completed pre- and posttraining surveys.

RESULTS

Older adults demonstrated increased digital literacy skills and confidence in the use of digital technology. Loneliness did not change from pre to postassessment measurements; however, older adults showed improvements in their attitudes toward their own aging and expressed enthusiasm for the training program. Although students’ fear of older adults did not change, their comfort in working with older adults increased. Importantly, older adults and students expressed positive feelings about the trainee-trainer relationship that they formed during the training program.

CONCLUSIONS

A CEL approach that brings together students and low-income older adults in the community has a strong potential to reduce the digital divide experienced by underserved older adults. Additional work is needed to explore the efficacy and scalability of this approach in terms of older adults’ digital literacy as well as other potential benefits to both older and younger adults.
ADL+: a digital toolkit for cognitive assessment and multidomain intervention for prevention of cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults – a proof-of-concept study (Preprint)
Authors: Chew Justin , Zeng Zhi Wei , Tan Toh Hsiang Benny , Chew Pamela , Ali Noorhazlina , Wang Hao , Ong Melissa , Raymond Roslyn , Pek Kalene , Wang Di , Zhang Liang , Shen Zhiqi , Leung Cyril , Chin Jing Jih , Lim Wee Shiong , Miao Chun Yan
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Current research highlights the importance of addressing multiple risk factors concurrently to tackle the complex etiology of dementia. However, limited evidence exists on the efficacy of technology-driven, multidomain community-based interventions for preventing cognitive decline.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the efficacy of ADL+, an artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled digital toolkit integrating cognitive assessments and multidomain interventions, on outcomes of cognitive function, activity levels, and quality of life in older adults at risk of cognitive decline. Adherence and usability were also evaluated.

METHODS

We conducted a quasi-experimental study including community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years and above without dementia, but with subjective memory complaints (AD8 score≥2). Participants received a 6-month intervention (app-based cognitive training, personalized nutritional, physical, and social activities recommendations) or a control group treatment (cognitive health educational package). The primary outcome was change in neuropsychological test battery (NTB) Z-scores (NTB composite and its individual domains–attention, processing speed, memory, and executive function). Secondary outcomes were activity levels (Frenchay Activities Index, FAI), and quality-of-life (EQ-5D). Outcomes were assessed at the end of the intervention and three months post-intervention using linear mixed effects models.

RESULTS

One-hundred and fifty-two individuals were assigned to the intervention group (N=75) or control group (N=77). 72 (96%) participants in the intervention group and 67 (87%) in the control group completed the study. At six months, the intervention group showed a significant NTB composite score improvement (mean change: 0.086 (95% CI 0.020-0.15)), resulting in a between-group difference of 0.17 (95% CI 0.071-0.27). Significant differences in attention, processing speed, and memory domains were observed, with benefits sustained in processing speed domain at nine months. The control group's FAI scores declined at six months (mean change: -1.04 (95% CI -1.83- -0.26)), while the intervention group's scores remained stable. The intervention group's EQ-5D Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores improved at both six and nine months with between-group differences of 4.06 (95% CI 0.23-7.90) at six months and 5.12 (95% CI 0.81-9.43) at nine months. Adherence was high, while average usability scores were obtained.

CONCLUSIONS

The ADL+ toolkit shows potential beneficial effects on cognitive function, activity levels, and quality-of-life for older adults at risk of cognitive decline. Findings will guide future randomized controlled trials and implementation efforts.

CLINICALTRIAL
Sensing In Exergames for Efficacy and Motion Quality: Scoping Review of Recent Publications (Preprint)
Authors: Dill Sebastian , Müller Philipp Niklas , Caserman Polona , Göbel Stefan , Hoog Antink Christoph , Tregel Thomas
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Many studies have shown a direct relationship between physical activity and health. It has also been shown that the average fitness level in Western societies is lower than recommended by the World Health Organization. One tool that can be used to increase physical activity for individual people is exergaming, that is, serious games that motivate players to do physical exercises.

OBJECTIVE

This scoping review of recent studies regarding exergame efficacy aims to evaluate which sensing modalities are used to assess exergame efficacy as well as motion quality. We also analyze how the collected motion sensing data is being leveraged with respect to exergame efficacy and motion quality assessment.

METHODS

We conducted 2 extensive and systematic searches of the ACM Digital Library and the PubMed database, as well as a single search of the IEEE Xplore database, all according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. Overall, 343 studies were assessed for eligibility by the following criteria: The study should be peer-reviewed; the year of publication should be between 2015 and 2023; the study should be available in English or German; the study evaluates the efficacy of at least 1 exergame; sensor data is recorded during the study and is used for evaluation; and the study is sufficiently described to extract information on the exergames, sensors, metrics, and results.

RESULTS

We found 67 eligible studies, which we analyzed with regard to sensor usage for both efficacy evaluation and motion analysis. Overall, heart rate (HR) was the most commonly used vital sign to evaluate efficacy (n=52), while the Microsoft Kinect was the most commonly used exergame sensor (n=26). The results of the analysis show that the sensors used in the exergames and the sensors used in the evaluation are, in most cases, mutually exclusive, with motion quality rarely being considered as a metric.

CONCLUSIONS

The lack of motion quality assessment is identified as a problem both for the studies and the exergames themselves since incorrectly executed motions can reduce an exergame’s effectiveness and increase the risk of injury. Here we propose how to use the same sensors both as input for the exergame and to assess motion quality by presenting recent developments in motion recognition and sensing.
A Comparison of Personalized and Generalized Approaches to Emotion Recognition Using Consumer Wearable Devices: Machine Learning Study (Preprint)
Authors: Li Joe , Washington Peter
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

There are a wide range of potential adverse health effects, ranging from headaches to cardiovascular disease, associated with long-term negative emotions and chronic stress. Because many indicators of stress are imperceptible to observers, the early detection of stress remains a pressing medical need, as it can enable early intervention. Physiological signals offer a noninvasive method for monitoring affective states and are recorded by a growing number of commercially available wearables.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to study the differences between personalized and generalized machine learning models for 3-class emotion classification (neutral, stress, and amusement) using wearable biosignal data.

METHODS

We developed a neural network for the 3-class emotion classification problem using data from the Wearable Stress and Affect Detection (WESAD) data set, a multimodal data set with physiological signals from 15 participants. We compared the results between a participant-exclusive generalized, a participant-inclusive generalized, and a personalized deep learning model.

RESULTS

For the 3-class classification problem, our personalized model achieved an average accuracy of 95.06% and an F1-score of 91.71%; our participant-inclusive generalized model achieved an average accuracy of 66.95% and an F1-score of 42.50%; and our participant-exclusive generalized model achieved an average accuracy of 67.65% and an F1-score of 43.05%.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results emphasize the need for increased research in personalized emotion recognition models given that they outperform generalized models in certain contexts. We also demonstrate that personalized machine learning models for emotion classification are viable and can achieve high performance.
The Effects of Supplementation with Fruit and Vegetable Enzymes on Aerobic Capacity and Blood Lactate Response in Elderly Individuals af-ter Extremely Low-volume High-Intensity Interval Exercise: A Feasibil-ity Study on Exercise Design Using Exergaming (Preprint)
Authors: Lin Shu-Cheng , Wang Chien-Yen , Hou Tien-Hung , Chen Hong-Ching , Wang Chia-Chi
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

The potential role of fruit and vegetable enzymes might have positive effect in modulating fatigue in elderly population after extremely low-volume high-intensity interval exercise (ELVHIIE) though ex-ergaming

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to investigate the impact of a 14-day supplementation with fruit and vegetable enzymes on aerobic capacity and blood lactate response in elderly individuals following ELVHIIE through exer-gaming.

METHODS

Sixteen female elderly participants were recruited in this study (Pairwise Grouping Based on Lactate Levels into an enzyme group and a placebo group). Participants engaged in exergaming using Ninten-do Switch Ring Fit Adventure, which involved ELVHIIE comprising 8 sets of 20 seconds of maximal effort exercise with 30 seconds of rest between sets, resulting in a total exercise duration of 380 seconds. Blood lactate levels, heart rate, rating of perceived exertion, and training impulse (TRIMP) were as-sessed. The enzyme group received fruit and vegetable enzyme supplementation twice daily (30 c.c.) for 14 days.

RESULTS

The enzyme group exhibited significantly lower blood lactate levels compared to the placebo group. Specifically, after the 4th and 8th exercise sessions, the enzyme group had lower lactate levels, respec-tively. Moreover, at 5- and 10-minutes post-exercise, the enzyme group also demonstrated lower lactate lev-els, respectively. Both groups exceeded 85% of their estimated maximum heart rate during exercise.

CONCLUSIONS

Supplementation with fruit and vegetable enzymes significantly reduced blood lactate levels, suggest-ing a potential role in modulating lactate production or clearance during and after exercise.

CLINICALTRIAL

National Cheng Kung University Human Research Ethics committee, Taiwan (ID: 112-419).