bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Teaching Weak Forms on Secondary School Students’ Speaking and Listening Skills in Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Waqas  , Ghulam Miran  , Idrees Qamar
Published: February 2025

Speaking and listening skills in English as a Second Language (ESL) are critical yet challenging aspects of language learning, particularly in the context where English is not the primary medium of communication. In Pakistan, secondary students often face difficulties in achieving spoken proficiency due to limited exposure to authentic spoken English and insufficient emphasis on phonological features such as weak forms. Weak forms, which involve the reduced pronunciation of function words in connected speech, are essential for both listening comprehension and speaking fluency. This study investigates the impact of explicit instructions on weak forms on the speaking and listening skills of secondary students of Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Using a quasi-experimental design, the study involved two groups of secondary students: experimental group and control group. Pre-test and post-tests were administered to assess improvements in speaking fluency, pronunciation accuracy, and listening comprehension. The findings revealed that the experimental group demonstrated significant improvement in both the skills compared to the control group, highlighting the effectiveness of teaching weak forms. The study highlights importance of incorporating phonological training into ESL curricula in Pakistan and provides practical recommendations for educators to address the challenges associated with listening and speaking proficiency. The research contributes to the growing body of literature on ESL pedagogy in South Asia particularly in Pakistan offering insights into strategies for improving language learning outcomes in similar contexts.
The Influence of Organizational Support Employee Engagement and Work Ethic on Employee Performance in The Oil and Gas Company Eni Indonesia - Jakarta
Authors: Suprapto Intan Zahralia , Hadiwijaya Dudung , Marzuki Ismail
Published: February 2025

The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of organizational support, employee engagement and work ethic on employee performance in oil and gas companies, ENI Indonesia - Jakarta. This research uses a quantitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of questionnaires and literature studies. The population and sample used were ENI Indonesia employees, totaling 90 respondents. The research results show that Work Ethic does not have a significant effect on Employee Performance even though it has a positive value. Organizational support has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Employee Engagement has a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance. Meanwhile, organizational support, employee engagement and work ethic simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on employee performance.
Implementation of Lean and Green Manufacturing in The Production of Wifi Sectoral Antennas at CV. XYZ
Authors: Ramdhan Adi Ridwan Alief , Pudji W Endang
Published: February 2025

CV. XYZ is a company engaged in manufacturing electronic devices. One of the products produced is the 22 dbi 2.4 ghz MIMO sectoral antenna. This study aims to identify waste in the sectoral antenna production process at CV. Global Access Technology and propose improvements based on lean and green manufacturing principles. To reduce the waste that occurs, the Green Value Stream Mapping (GVSM) method, Waste Assessment Model (WAM), Value Stream Analysis TooL (VALSAT), Root Cause Analysis (RCA), and Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) are used. From the data processing and analysis that has been done, the most dominant waste identification results are Motion by 25%, transportation by 17.34%, process by 13.77%, overproduction by 12.97%, defect by 12.60%, inventory by 10.37%, and waiting by 8.15%.For environmental aspects, it produces PCB waste of 13 Kg, aluminum sheet by 7 Kg, PVC by 11 Kg. In the company's production process, the improvement recommendations given are investment in industrial oven machines as a substitute for stoves in the PVC heating process and acrylic bending for the PVC bending process, making maintenance cards for CNC machines that experience downtime, making QC cards for the inspection process using QC cards, scheduling the use of lights in the sectoral antenna production line room, making small versions of sectoral antennas for types with PCB waste that can still be reused, recycling PVC waste to make storage shelves and multilevel transportation aids to move antenna components when going to the assembling process.
The Effect of the GO-Expert Application on Ganesha Operation Student Satisfaction
Authors: Martua Andy Yusuf
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the impact of the GO-Expert application on student satisfaction at Ganesha Operation using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) approach. The research employed a quantitative descriptive method with a survey design and linear regression analysis. Data were collected through a closed questionnaire filled out by students using the e-learning system. The results indicate that the ease of use of the GO-Expert application positively influences perceived usefulness and attitudes toward its use. Although students recognize the benefits of the application, mandatory usage diminishes their interest in continuing to use the system. Overall, the findings suggest that behavioral attitudes positively affect behavioral intentions, which in turn influence the actual use of the GO-Expert application.
Analysis of Road User Satisfaction Passing Through The West Boulevard Highway and The Kelapa Gading - Pulo Gebang Toll Road
Authors: Andhika Putri Lisa , Pontan Darmawan , Moengin Parwadi , Inavonna Inavonna
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the satisfaction level of road users on Jalan Boulevard Barat Raya and the Kelapa Gading - Pulo Gebang Toll Road. Evaluating user satisfaction is crucial for assessing transportation infrastructure performance and prioritizing road maintenance and development. Using a quantitative approach, data was collected through questionnaires distributed to drivers and passengers of private and online four-wheeled vehicles. The research applied the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) and Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) methods, focusing on nine indicators from the Indonesian Ministerial Regulation No. 14 of 2017, including requirements, procedures, completion time, costs, service specifications, implementer competence, behavior, complaint handling, and facilities. The CSI results revealed that road users are "Very Satisfied" with both roads, with Jalan Boulevard Barat Raya scoring 90.7% and the Kelapa Gading - Pulo Gebang Toll Road scoring 90.85%. However, IPA analysis identified several variables in quadrant 1, indicating high importance but low performance. These variables include: (B1) reasonable tariffs without additional costs, (PP1) friendly and polite officers handling complaints, (SM1) availability of complaint forums, and (SP1) adequate supporting facilities. These findings highlight areas needing improvement to enhance user satisfaction further. Overall, the study underscores the importance of addressing specific service gaps to maintain high satisfaction levels among road users.
Las Tecnologías para el Aprendizaje y el Conocimiento (TAC) aplicadas a las Necesidades Educativas Especiales en el contexto ecuatoriano.
Authors: Chimbo Naula Karen Fátima , Triviño Vargas Ana María , Ortiz Quenama Medardo Segundo , Cordero Villalta Oscar Dario
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto de las Tecnologías para el Aprendizaje y el Conocimiento (TAC) en la educación inclusiva, con un enfoque específico en su aplicación para atender a estudiantes con Necesidades Educativas Especiales (NEE) en el contexto ecuatoriano. La metodología utilizada consiste en una revisión teórica y el análisis de estudios previos que exploran los beneficios y desafíos de las TAC en la educación inclusiva. Se recopilaron datos de diversas investigaciones para identificar las herramientas tecnológicas más efectivas y cómo estas favorecen el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, particularmente en estudiantes con dificultades como dislexia, TDAH, discapacidad visual y autismo. Los principales resultados destacan que las TAC, como software educativo, juegos pedagógicos y recursos multimedia, han mostrado ser efectivos en la mejora de las competencias cognitivas y en la superación de barreras de aprendizaje. Sin embargo, la implementación de estas tecnologías enfrenta desafíos relacionados con la falta de infraestructura adecuada, la formación insuficiente de los docentes y la desigualdad en el acceso a la tecnología, especialmente en zonas rurales. En conclusión, las TAC son fundamentales para fomentar una educación inclusiva en Ecuador, pero su potencial se ve limitado por obstáculos en infraestructura y formación. Se recomienda fortalecer las políticas educativas, invertir en recursos tecnológicos y capacitar a los docentes para garantizar una implementación efectiva y accesible de las TAC, promoviendo una educación equitativa para todos los estudiantes con NEE.
supercells: universal superpixels algorithm for applications to geospatial data
Authors: Nowosad Jakub
Published: February 2025

Segmentation is a process of partitioning space into smaller segments. For example, imagine looking at your family photo and trying to distinct individual people. Similarly, we can look at a satellite image (in RGB colors) with the goal of delineating where are the buildings, fields, roads, etc. In geography, segmentation can also be associated with regionalization.
Onderzoek Geven in Nederland in gevaar
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

Door Barbara Gouwenberg – uit de nieuwsbrief van de werkgroep Filantropische Studies aan de VU (december 2018)

Het Centrum voor Filantropische Studies werkt momenteel met man en macht om de financiering voor het onderzoek Geven in Nederland voor de komende 6 jaar (3 edities) veilig te stellen.
Ten Meta Science Insights to Deal With the Credibility Crisis in the Social Sciences
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

A decade of meta science research on social science research has produced devastating results. While the movement towards open science is gaining momentum, awareness of the credibility crisis remains low among social scientists.
Hunting Game: Targeting the Big Five
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

Do not use the personality items included in the World Values Survey. That is the recommendation of Steven Ludeke and Erik Gahner Larsen in a recent paper published in the journal

Personality and Individual Differences

. The journal is owned by Elsevier so the official publication is paywalled. Still I am writing about it because the message of the paper is extremely important.
Governance instruments to promote open science
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

Which governance instruments can we employ to promote open science? In this post I discuss governance instruments that can encourage researchers to engage in two important practices of open science: documenting and sharing research data. The practice of documenting data makes science more transparent. Sharing data makes science more open. Documenting data is a necessary first step towards more open science.
Research internship @VU Amsterdam
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

Social influences on prosocial behaviors and their consequences

While self-interest and prosocial behavior are often pitted against each other, it is clear that much charitable giving and volunteering for good causes is motivated by non-altruistic concerns (Bekkers & Wiepking, 2011). Helping others by giving and volunteering feels good (Dunn, Aknin &
Giving in the Netherlands Panel Survey User Manual
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

A modest cheer in the office today: a first version of the Giving in the Netherlands Panel Survey User Manual is now online.
Data? What Data?
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

Scientific research is based on data. How should researchers treat and document the data they analyze? Research Data Management policies recommend that data should be “as open as possible, and as closed as necessary”. What does that mean in practice?

Only publish data you are allowed to publish

. The “as open as possible” principle certainly does not mean that researchers should make all data they have public.
Philanthropic Studies: Two Historical Examples
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

This post was published earlier in the newsletter of the European Research Network on Philanthropy The 20

th

century has seen a tremendous growth of scientific enterprise. The increasing productivity of scientists has been accompanied by a proliferation of academic disciplines.
Comparison of spatial patterns in categorical raster data for arbitrary regions using R
Authors: Nowosad Jakub
Published: February 2025

Methods for comparing spatial patterns in raster data This is the fifth part of a blog post series on comparing spatial patterns in raster data. More information about the whole series can be found in part one. This blog post focuses on comparing spatial patterns in categorical raster data for arbitrary regions.
Simulating spatial patterns with the spatial kinetic Ising model
Authors: Nowosad Jakub
Published: February 2025

A two-dimensional Ising model is an idealized physical system that consists of a lattice of binary variables (

magnetic spins

) that can be in one of two states: up or down. Each spin’s state is influenced by its neighbors: the more neighbors in the same state, the more likely the spin will be in the same state.
Helping yourself by helping others?
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

In September 2011, the professional networking website LinkedIn started to offer members the possibility to include their volunteer experience in their profiles. While we may be thinking about volunteering as helping others at a cost to oneself, the new option at LinkedIn allows members to help oneself by advertising their volunteering activities.
How Generous is Europe?
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

How much money is donated to nonprofit organizations in Europe? What’s the most generous country in the world? Very simple and interesting questions indeed. A radio listener commenting on our new estimates of the total amount donated by households in the Netherlands asked them. You would expect that there are data available answer them. But it turns out that there are no good answers to these questions.
Quantifying changes of spatial patterns
Authors: Nowosad Jakub
Published: February 2025

TLTR: Quantifying changes of spatial patterns requires two datasets for the same variable in the same area. Both datasets are divided into many sub-areas, and spatial signatures are derived for each sub-area for each dataset. Next, distances for each pair of areas are calculated. Sub-areas with the largest distances represent the largest change.
Preregistration: why and how?
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

In the social sciences it is increasingly common to preregister hypotheses, research designs and analysis plans before a study is conducted (Ferguson et al., 2023). Because the time-stamp on the preregistration documents when the ideas for the study were deposited, a preregistration is an intellectual honesty device.
Extracting information about spatial patterns from spatial signatures
Authors: Nowosad Jakub
Published: February 2025

The spatial signatures of categorical rasters are a set of numbers that describe the spatial patterns of the provided variables. Next, they allow for further operations such as searching, comparing, or clustering. Less known is that they can also be used to extract information about the composition and configuration of spatial patterns. This blog post shows how to do it using the

motif

R package.
Gevonden: student-assistent Geven in Nederland 2020
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

De werkgroep Filantropische Studies van de Faculteit Sociale Wetenschappen aan de Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam is het expertisecentrum op het gebied van onderzoek naar filantropie in Nederland. De werkgroep houdt zich bezig met vragen zoals: Waarom geven mensen vrijwillig geld aan goede doelen? Waarom verrichten mensen vrijwilligerswerk? Hoeveel geld gaat er om in de filantropische sector?
Why do people give?
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

It is one of the most fundamental questions in the field of philanthropic studies: why do people give? Hundreds of studies have been published containing answers to this question. It turns out that these studies can be categorized into eight groups of

mechanisms: ‘

levers’ or ‘buttons’ that can be used by fundraisers and policy makers to influence the level of philanthropy.
Buying Time Promotes Happiness
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

In a new paper, we used data from the

Giving in the Netherlands Panel Survey

to examine the relationship between spending money to outsource household tasks and happiness. The key result is that those who do spend money in this way are happier.
Tools for the Evaluation of the Quality of Experimental Research
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

pdf of this post Experiments can have important advantages above other research designs. The most important advantage of experiments concerns internal validity. Random assignment to treatment reduces the attribution problem and increases the possibilities for causal inference. An additional advantage is that control over participants reduces heterogeneity of treatment effects observed.
Pattern-based spatial analysis: an approach for discovering, describing and studying geographical patterns
Authors: Nowosad Jakub
Published: February 2025

I gave the overview of what is the pattern-based spatial analysis and how it can be applied for the RGS-IBG GIScience Webinar Series. You can find the workshop abstract, slides, and recording below. Abstract Discovering and describing spatial patterns is an important element of many geographical studies with spatial patterns being related to ecological and sociological processes.
Giften naar politieke voorkeur
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

De afgelopen dagen heeft de Tweede Kamer gedebatteerd over een nieuwe wet op financiering van politieke partijen.  Opmerkelijk genoeg is de discussie apart gevoerd van de discussie over de Geefwet, die intussen is aangenomen en per 1 januari is ingevoerd. In de zin van de Geefwet zijn politieke partijen  Algemeen Nut Beogende Instellingen. Maar zijn politieke partijen ‘goede doelen’? Maar over deze vragen gaat het niet.
Een gedragscode voor werving nalatenschappen door goede doelen
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

In 1Vandaag zei ik op 19 februari dat er in Nederland geen gedragscode voor de werving van nalatenschappen bestaat. Dit blijkt niet waar, er is wel degelijk een richtlijn voor nalatenschappenwerving. In de regels van het Centraal Bureau Fondsenwerving voor het CBF-Keur en op de website van de VFI (Vereniging voor Fondsenwervende Instellingen), branchevereniging voor goede doelen, is deze richtlijn echter niet te vinden.
Tien Filantropie Trends
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

Nalatenschappen: goededoelenorganisaties ontvangen steeds meer inkomsten uit nalatenschappen, naar verwachting €86 miljard tot 2059. Evenementen: goededoelenorganisaties ontvangen steeds meer inkomsten uit evenementen zoals Alpe d’Huzes waar enthousiaste vrijwilligers sponsorgelden voor werven.
Geven m/v & 1941-1980
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

Ralph-Friso Belksma, student in de master Public Administration in Leiden, schrijft: “Voor een onderzoek voor mijn studie ben ik op zoek naar enkele gegevens met betrekking tot geef gedrag. Ik kan hier alleen moeilijk gegevens over vinden. Vandaar mijn vraag: Geven vrouwen meer geld uit aan goede doelen dan mannen? Hoe oud zijn zij en hoeveel geld geven zij gemiddeld uit? Ik had deze gegevens graag in 1 tabel willen zien.
What helped me advance in academia?
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

Looking back at my career thus far, I see four things that helped me advance in academia: freedom, help from others, coincidence, and quirkiness. Plus privilege, health, naive optimism, and openness.
Philanthropy: from Charity to Prosocial Investment
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

Contribution to the March 2016 edition of the European Research Network on Philanthropy (ERNOP) newsletter. PDF version here.

Philanthropy can take many forms.
Where’s the Register of Charities?
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

A question by a student this week prompted my curiosity: where’s the address list of all registered charities in the Netherlands? The website of Netherlands tax authorities (“Belastingdienst”) provides a list of all names of registered charities, a registration number, the place where they are registered, and a URL for the organization. The list is available as a compressed (.zip) .xml file which you can import in Excel.
Update: Giving in the Netherlands Panel Survey User Manual
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

A new version of the User Manual for the Giving in the Netherlands Panel Survey is now available: version 2.2. The GINPS12 questionnaire is here (in Dutch).
Research on giving in the Netherlands continues, funding secured
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

We are pleased to announce that the Center for Philanthropic Studies has been able to secure funding for continued research on giving in the Netherlands. The funding enables data collection for the Giving in the Netherlands Panel Survey among households, as well as data collection on corporations, foundations, charity lotteries, and bequests.
Dag van de Filantropie en Boekpresentatie Geven in Nederland 2013 op 25 april
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

Op de Dag van de Filantropie 2013 – het jaarlijks terugkerend evenement op de laatste donderdag van april – is dit jaar het boek ‘Geven in Nederland 2013’ gepresenteerd.
What does the Dutch public think about expenditures by charities?
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

In the Giving in the Netherlands Survey 2007, conducted by the Center for Philanthropic Studies at VU University Amsterdam, a random sample of the Dutch population (n=1,474) answered the following question.
The Magic of Science
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

Dinosaurs are like magic. They capture the attention because of their size and sharp teeth. The fact they are no longer among us may also contribute to their popularity. In science, we still have dinosaurs. They do date back to the prehistoric age, when scientists could build careers on undisclosed data and procedures.
Comparison of spatial patterns in continuous raster data for overlapping regions using R
Authors: Nowosad Jakub
Published: February 2025

Methods for comparing spatial patterns in raster data This is the second part of a blog post series on comparing spatial patterns in raster data. More information about the whole series can be found in part one.
Spatial regionalization using universal superpixels algorithm
Authors: Nowosad Jakub
Published: February 2025

This is a second blog post in a series about the

supercells

package. You can read the first one at “supercells: universal superpixels algorithm for applications to geospatial data”. The main idea of supercells is to create groupings of adjacent cells that share common characteristics.
Comparison of spatial patterns in categorical raster data for overlapping regions using R
Authors: Nowosad Jakub
Published: February 2025

Methods for comparing spatial patterns in raster data This is the fourth part of a blog post series on comparing spatial patterns in raster data. More information about the whole series can be found in part one. This blog post focuses on the comparison of spatial patterns in categorical raster data for overlapping regions.
How not to solve the research competition crisis
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

Scientists across the globe spend a substantial part of their time writing research proposals for competitive grant schemes. Usually, less than one in seven proposals gets funded. Moreover, the level of competition and the waste of time invested in research proposals that do not receive funding are increasing.
An R-based genetic algorithm
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: February 2025

During my PhD I wrote a simple but effective genetic algorithm package for R. Because there was a bug recently found, and there is interest in extending the functionality, I have set up a SourceForge project called genalg. The package provides GA support for binary and real-value chromosomes (and integer chromosomes is something that will be added soon), and allows to use custom evaluation functions.
The Fishy Business of Philanthropy
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

Update, December 6, 2019: the paper discussed below reports an unlikely large effect size, and is co-authored by a researcher who has been investigated for research misconduct. The report does not mention this particular paper.

Breaking news today: the essential amino acid L-Tryptophan (TRP) makes people generous!
Finding the most unique land cover spatial pattern
Authors: Nowosad Jakub
Published: February 2025

Spatial signatures represent spatial patterns of land cover in a given area. Thus, they can be used to search for areas with similar spatial patterns to a query region or to quantify changes in spatial patterns. The approaches above are implemented as lsp_search() and lsp_compare() functions of the

motif

R package, respectively. At the same time, it is possible to create other, more customized workflows.
How to review a paper
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

Including a Checklist for Hypothesis Testing Research Reports *

See https://osf.io/6cw7b/ for a pdf of this post

Academia critically relies on our efforts as peer reviewers to evaluate the quality of research that is published in journals. Reading the reviews of others, I have noticed that the quality varies considerably, and that some reviews are not helpful.
A Data Transparency Policy for Results Based on Experiments
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

pdf Transparency is a key condition for robust and reliable knowledge, and the advancement of scholarship over time. Since January 1, 2020, I am the Area Editor for Experiments submitted to Nonprofit & Voluntary Sector Quarterly (NVSQ), the leading journal for academic research in the interdisciplinary field of nonprofit research.
Brief guide to understand fMRI studies
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

RQ: Which regions of the brain are active when task X is performed? Results: Activity in some regions Y is higher than in others.
Optimizing the parameters of the spatial kinetic Ising model to simulate spatial patterns
Authors: Nowosad Jakub
Published: February 2025

The spatial kinetic Ising model is a simple model of spatial patterns that can be used to simulate the evolution of spatial patterns over time. Its two main parameters are B and J, which control the external pressure and the local autocorrelation tendency, respectively. Both of them have a strong effect on the results of the spatial kinetic Ising model. Thus, the question is how to find the best values of these parameters for a given situation.
The joys and challenges of working across disciplinary boundaries
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

Working with scholars from other disciplines can be a challenge.  The people you meet speak the same language, but the words they use sometimes mean different things. It takes time to learn the vocabulary, even though you know the words. Like the song:

I’m an alien.
Four Reasons Why We Are Converting to Open Science
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

The Center for Philanthropic Studies I am leading at VU Amsterdam is converting to Open Science. Open Science offers four advantages to the scientific community, nonprofit organizations, and the public at large: Access: we make our work more easily accessible for everyone. Our research serves public goods, which are served best by open access. Efficiency: we make it easier for others to build on our work, which saves time.
Autobiography of a Career Split
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

It’s time for a career split: in the coming years, I am adding meta science and research integrity as a second line of research, next to the science of philanthropy. It’s a split, not a switch. I’m far from done with research on research on philanthropy and will keep working on it the Department of Sociology at VU Amsterdam.
The force of everyday philanthropy
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

Public debates on philanthropy link charitable giving to wealth. In the media we hear a lot about the giving behavior of billionaires – about the giving pledge, the charitable foundations of the wealthy, how the causes they support align their business interests, and how they relate to government programs. Yes – the billions of tech giants go a long way. Imagine a world without support from foundations created by wealthy.
Conditional Review Acceptance Policy (R2)
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

“Thank you for your invitation to review. Did the authors provide the data and the code they have used to produce the paper? If not, can you ask them to? Please make sure that the authors have their data and code available, so that I will be able to evaluate the manuscript. Otherwise, I will have to decline.” This is my rerevised Conditional Review Acceptance Policy (CRAP – R2). In 2014, I introduced a conditional review acceptance policy.
Closing the Age of Competitive Science
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

In the prehistoric era of competitive science, researchers were like magicians: they earned a reputation for tricks that nobody could repeat and shared their secrets only with trusted disciples.
New Research Plan: Wealth and Generosity
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

To what extent does the accumulation of wealth reduce feelings of responsibility for society and behavioral manifestations of generosity, such as charitable giving and bequeathing? Since 2003, the level of generosity of the Dutch population, defined as the proportion of resources donated to charitable causes, has declined by about 40% (Bekkers, Gouwenberg, Koolen-Maas &
A Conversation About Data Transparency
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

The integrity of the research process serves as the foundation for excellence in research on nonprofit and voluntary action. While transparency does not guarantee credibility, it guarantees you will get the credibility you deserve. Therefore we are developing criteria for transparency standards with regards to the reporting of methods and data.
Wetenschap en filantropie
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

Wereldwijd houdt een toenemend aantal wetenschappers uit zeer uiteenlopende disciplines zich bezig met filantropie. Deze trend zien we ook in Nederland. Wat is er in de wetenschap bekend over de achtergronden en de impact van filantropie? En hoe ziet het Nederlandse academische landschap eruit? In deze bijdrage geef ik een beknopt antwoord op deze vragen.
Conditional Review Acceptance Policy
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

Here’s CRAP: a new policy regarding review requests I’ve decided to try out. CRAP means Conditional Review Acceptance Policy, the new default response to review requests. I will perform review only if the journal agrees to publish the article in a Free Open Access mode – making the article publicly available, without charging any fees for it from universities, authors, or readers. Here’s the story behind CRAP.
Wat kunnen we leren uit de recente evaluatie van de giftenaftrek?
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

[Update 13 juni 2024: extra nuance toegevoegd; met dank aan Mark Ottoni-Wilhelm] De budgettaire bijlage bij het hoofdlijnenakkoord vermeldt op pagina 4 een bezuiniging op de giftenaftrek. SEO maakte onlangs een evaluatie van de giftenaftrek. Ik las de evaluatie in het licht van de bezuinigingsplannen. Hier een paar gedachten.

Wat zegt de evaluatie van de giftenaftrek over het effect van afschaffing ervan?

Helemaal niets.

Huh?
Conditional Review Acceptance Policy (R1)
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

“Thank you for your invitation to review. Did the authors provide the data and the code they have used to produce the paper? Will the paper be published in open access mode? If twice yes, I will consider reviewing the paper.” This is my new automatic reply to requests for review journal articles that I receive from editors and their assistants.
Where did all the time go?
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

It’s one of those days – at 13.25 I have not yet worked on any of the main tasks I envisioned for myself. Where did all the time go this morning? I do know that I handled a lot of messages I received through e-mail. I can even feel a little satisfaction about having cleared away the clutter in my inbox.
Respecting Epistemic Diversity in Open Science
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

The social sciences and humanities have a high level of epistemic diversity: they harbor different research traditions, with a wide variety of types of empirical data, methods of analysis, philosophies of knowledge, and epistemologies in their approaches to knowledge creation. Here I’d like to share experiences trying to enhance transparency as a common objective in two environments with high epistemic diversity.
Uncertain Future for Giving in the Netherlands Panel Survey
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

By Barbara Gouwenberg and René Bekkers

At the Center for Philanthropic Studies we have been working hard to secure funding for three rounds of funding for the Giving in the Netherlands Study, including the Giving in the Netherlands Panel Survey for the years 2020-2026.
Volunteering by immigrants
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

Using new survey data from the Netherlands, we find that non-immigrants are more likely to volunteer for secular organisations than guest worker immigrants and postcolonial citizen immigrants. In contrast, non-immigrants are less likely to engage in religious volunteering than both immigrant groups.
Five Reasons Why Social Science is So Hard
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

1. No Laws All we have is probabilities. 2. All Experts The knowledge we have is continuously contested. The objects of study think they know why they do what they do. 3. Zillions of Variables Everything is connected, and potentially a cause – like a bowl of well-tossed spaghetti. 4. Many Levels of Action Nations, organizations, networks, individuals, time all have different dynamics.
Tech I'm thankful for (repost)
Authors: Turner Stephen
Published: February 2025

Reposted from

https://blog.stephenturner.us/p/tech-im-thankful-for-2024

Data science and bioinformatics tech I'm thankful for in 2024: tidyverse, RStudio, Positron, Bluesky, blogs, Quarto, bioRxiv, LLMs for code, Ollama, Seqera Containers, StackOverflow, ...It’s a short week here in the US. As I reflect on the tools that shape modern bioinformatics and data science it’s striking to see how far we’ve come in the 20 years I’ve
De veerkracht van de filantropie
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

[*] Deze tekst als pdf downloaden Burgerkracht, lokale actie, de doe-democratie, de participatiesamenleving: we komen deze termen steeds vaker tegen in de politiek, de media en beleidsstukken van de overheid en adviesorganen. De termen fungeren in een fundamenteel debat over de verdeling van verantwoordelijkheid van burgers en de overheid voor het welzijn van anderen en de samenleving.
Do prosocial persons have more children to increase fitness?
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

A recent article published by Austrian anthropologists Martin Fieder and Susanne Huber in the high profile online journal PLosONE suggests that prosocial persons have more children because this increases ‘fitness’. The study compares the number of children in 2004 by respondents in the Wisconsin Longitudinal Survey (WLS) who report doing volunteer work as a form of prosocial behavior or not.
Finding From Social Research Could Rewrite Known Laws of Society
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

It’s not clear what happened — yet. But the best explanation, sociologists say, involves forms of matter and energy not currently known to social science. By René Bekkers April 13, 2021 Updated 6:20 p.m. CET Evidence is mounting that a tiny social particle seems to be disobeying the known laws of society, scientists announced on Wednesday, a finding that would open a vast and tantalizing hole in our understanding of the community.
Five challenging questions on philanthropy
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

The recent success of the Ice Bucket Challenge for ALS across the world raises numerous questions on philanthropy. In this post I give some background information to answer five of these questions.

1. Where will it end?

It is hard to predict how much money will be raised for ALS through the Ice Bucket Challenge.
The New Frontier: Research Quality
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

All research gets published and journals compete for the best work. Here’s a sketch of the ideal research publication infrastructure, in which the new frontier is research quality.
How can criminology help reduce research integrity violations?
Authors: Bekkers Rene
Published: February 2025

What could meta research learn from criminology for the prevention of research integrity violations? What insights does criminology provide in causes and prevention of research integrity violations? In a seminar (slides here) at the Netherlands Institute for the Study of Crime and Law Enforcement (NSCR), I discussed with researchers in criminology how theories and findings from the field may be applied in the field of meta research.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Repetitive Strain Injury (Rsi) Pada Pekerja Pembuatan Genteng Di Pabrik Genteng Mega Jaya Desa Baturuyuk Kabupaten Majalengka
Authors: Rachmat Roebidin  , Ahmad Ropii  , Hafidz Hilal Assegaf
Published: February 2025

Kejadian Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) pada pekerja merupakan cedera atau kerusakan yang terjadi pada otot karena melakukan sesuatu secara berulang dan berlangsung selama bertahun-tahun. Berdasarkan studi pendahuluan pada 5 pekerja pembuatan genteng Pabrik Genteng Mega Jaya Desa Baturuyuk Kecamatan Dawuan Kabupaten Majalengka, semua pekerja melakukan gerakan repetitif memukul dengan menggenggam alat dalam waktu yang lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian RSI pada pekerja pembuatan genteng Pabrik Genteng Mega Jaya Desa Baturuyuk Kecamatan Dawuan Kabupaten Majalengka. Penelitian ini berjenis kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Populasinya adalah pekerja pembuatan genteng di Pabrik Genteng Mega Jaya berjumlah 54 orang dan sampelnya 54 orang (total  populasi), dalam  penelitian ini  instrumen  yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Analisis datanya meliputi analisis univariat dengan distribusi frekuensi dan analisis bivariat dengan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara postur kerja, lama kerja dan masa kerja dengan kejadian Repetitive Strain Injury pada pekerja Pabrik Genteng Mega Jaya Desa Baturuyuk Kecamatan Dawuan Kabupaten Majalengka. Pekerja sebaiknya istirahat teratur dengan waktu istirahat yang cukup untuk mengurangi ketegangan otot, nyeri otot dan sendi, lakukan peregangan otot serta untuk pabrik sebaiknya menggunakan sistem shift kerja atau memberikan waktu istirahat yang cukup agar mengurangi pekerja yang beresiko mengalami RSI.
CAUSAL FACTORS AND SOLUTIONS TO LEARNING DIFFICULTIES IN ARABIC IN CLASS XI IPS MADRASAH ALIYAH MUHAMMADIYAH 1 MEDAN-NORTH SUMATERA
Authors: Rahma Siti , Gajah Azizah Sabrina , Hasibuan Ernida , Nasution Sahkholid
Published: February 2025

This research is motivated by the problem of students who have difficulty in learning Arabic. So the researcher raised the title related to "Causal Factors and Solutions to Arabic Learning Difficulties in Class XI IPS MAS Muhammadiyah 1 Medan". The purpose of this research is to find out the factors that cause students to have difficulty in learning Arabic and solutions or strategies in overcoming learning difficulties in Arabic. This research applies descriptive qualitative research methods with collection methods namely interviews, observation and documentation. The results of the research obtained are found various factors, namely internal factors and external factors that cause students to feel difficulties in learning Arabic. Internal factors are divided into 2, namely first, physiological factors such as illness or disability. Second, psychological factors such as intelligence, talent, interest, motivation, mental health factors and special kinds of learners. While external factors include the family environment, school environment and community environment. The solution to overcome students' difficulties in learning Arabic at Madrasah Aliyah Muhammadiyah 1 Medan is by using several learning media that are considered effective such as using audio-visual-based learning media, namely using learning videos or watching Arabic cartoons, applying ice breaking before starting learning, and playing games.
Front Hoof Thermographic Imaging Change After Electro-acupuncture in Performance Horses
Authors: Dai Shu , Shiau Deng-Shan , Xie Huisheng
Published: February 2025

The present study investigated whether electro-acupuncture (EAP) can improve front hoof thermal asymmetry in horses as detected by front hoof thermography imaging. Thirty-five client-owned horses that presented for traditional Chinese veterinary medicine (TCVM) exam and treatment for poor performance were enrolled in the study. After 20 minutes of stall rest, bilateral front hoof thermography (pre-EAP) was performed in a designated stall. This was followed by the TCVM exam and 30 minutes of EAP treatment. Immediately afterwards, bilateral front hoof thermography (post-EAP treatment) was repeated. From each thermal image, the mean temperature of the dorsal hoof surface was calculated. Horses were categorized into two groups based on the pre-EAP hoof temperature difference between the front hooves. Horses with a temperature difference greater than 1 °F between the front feet were placed in Group A; otherwise in Group B. The data showed that Group A (n=14) had a mean between-hoof temperature difference that changed/reduced significantly (p=0.029) after EAP treatment when compared to pre-EAP. In Group B (n=21), the changes were not significant (p=0.848). Furthermore, the mean temperature change in Group A was significantly greater than that in Group B (p=0.006). Study findings demonstrated that EAP treatment facilitates return of symmetric front hoof surface thermal distribution in horses with asymmetric thermal distribution greater than 1 °F temperature difference between front hooves.
Desain Perkuatan Lereng Pada Tanah Soft Soil Di Ruas Jalan Pakkat – Tara Bintang, Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan (Km SBG 173 + 000)
Authors: Debataraja Semangat Marudut Tua , Tafonao Temaziso , Tafonao Darman
Published: February 2025

The Pakkat - Tara Bintang route in Humbang Hasundutan, especially at Km SBG 173+000, often experiences repeated landslides. This area has soil that is easily eroded, especially when it rains. In addition, steep topography with high slopes increases the risk of landslides. The pre-existing DPT cannot effectively withstand the pushing forces of the ground so it is often damaged, causing economic losses and disruption of community access. This research aims to design a more efficient solution for strengthening slopes using reinforced concrete retaining walls. The hope of this design is that it can increase slope stability, reduce the possibility of landslides, and improve accessibility to the Pakkat - Tara Bintang area. The technique used in this research is geotechnical analysis to understand the nature of the soft soil in the area, and calculate the strengthening structures made to withstand lateral pressure from the soil. It is hoped that the resulting design will last longer and provide more effective protection against potential landslides in the future. In other words, the use of reinforced concrete retaining walls to strengthen slopes can greatly increase the resilience of slopes on soft soil, while supporting smooth traffic and improving infrastructure safety in the area.
Analisa Pengaruh Vegetasi Lanskap Pada Lingkungan Cemara Asri Terhadap Ruang Dalam Dengan Kenyamanan Termal (Suhu Dan Kelembapan) Di Perumahan Cemara Asri Sebagai Upaya Bangunan Hemat Energi
Authors: Mulia Endi Martha , Sihombing Sanggam B.
Published: February 2025

Kenyamanan termal dan efisiensi energi adalah aspek krusial dalam merancang dan mengelola bangunan perkotaanmodern. Jurnal ini menyelidiki interaksi antara kenyamanan termal dan strategi hemat energi dalam konteks pembangunan perumahan. Melibatkan studi kasus, eksperimen, dan analisis desain, penelitian ini mengidentifikasibahwa penerapandesain lanskap bijak, pemilihan bahan bangunan yang tepat, serta pemanfaatan ventilasi dan sistem pemanas/pendingin yang efisien dapat menciptakan lingkungan hunian yang nyaman dan berkelanjutan.
PENGARUH PROMOSI DAN KUALITAS LAYANAN TERHADAP LOYALITAS PT. PEGADAIAN UNIT PELAYANAN CABANG BABURA
Authors: Marbinoto Mayono Suko , Purba Johana Sihol Marito
Published: February 2025

The tcount value is 0.065 while the ttable is 1.662 and is significant at 0.065, so that the tcount is 0.065 < ttable 1.662 and is significant 0.000 < 0.05, then H2 is accepted and H0 is rejected, which states that Service Quality has a positive and significant effect partially towards the Loyalty of PT Pegadaian Service Unit Babura Branch. The Fcount value is 11,706 while the Ftable is 2.711 which can be seen at α = 0.05 (see attached table F). The significant probability is much smaller than 0.05, namely 0.000 < 0.05, so the regression model can be said that simultaneously in this research Promotion and Service Quality have a positive and significant effect on the Loyalty of PT Pegadaian Service Unit Babura Branch. Promotion and Service Quality also has a very close relationship with Customer Loyalty with an R value of 0.196. Apart from that, 80.4% of PT Pegadaian Service Unit Babura Branch Customer Loyalty. can be explained by promotions and service quality, while the rest can be explained by other factors.
A representação da mulher na obra O Gato Malhado e a Andorinha Sinhá, de Jorge Amado
Authors: Melo de Brito Roseanny , Gomes da Costa Sthefany
Published: February 2025

O artigo tem por objetivo analisar a representação da mulher no conto infantil O Gato Malhado e a Andorinha Sinhá, de Jorge Amado. Pretende-se, ainda, refletir sobre a representação de gênero como uma construção social, discutir sobre o papel do patriarcado na representação social da mulher, além de relacionar a temática do conto à realidade contemporânea. A reflexão sobre essa representação apoia-se no pensamento feminista, discutido, principalmente, por Grossi (1998) e Follador (2009). Para tanto, são discutidas concepções teóricas referentes à subalternidade, ao patriarcalismo e ao protagonismo de mulheres. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica e adotou-se o método de pesquisa qualitativo. O presente trabalho é de suma importância, haja vista que nos permite constatar que, mesmo nos casos de uma literatura voltada para o público infantil, sob a aparência de uma temática inocente, muitas das complexidades da vida social se revelam.