bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Des enfants dans Séoul, ou le spectre de la ville dans les albums coréens
Authors: Devillon Carine
Published: February 2024

« La Ville et l’Enfant » est un sujet qui interpelle quand la ville prend forme avec l’étendue, le volume, la densité et le dynamisme que l’on prête à la capitale coréenne, notamment depuis ses considérables projets de réaménagements de la fin des années 1980. Ceux-ci ont fait que Séoul a connu des développements urbains dans les années 1990 qui lui ont permis de s’imposer comme le miroir de la croissance. Mais où sont les enfants dans cette mégapole ? Y sont-ils, d’ailleurs ? Quelle place Séoul leur réserve-t-elle ? Que voient-ils du « miroir de la croissance » ? Sachant que la forme urbaine est indissociable des usages qu’ils peuvent en faire, nous pouvons également nous demander quels usages ils en ont fait durant ces décennies d’hyperurbanisation qui ont enregistré d’intenses – si ce n’est de violents – changements, et par la suite, lorsque celle-ci s’est essoufflée. Et, surtout, comment ces questions sont-elles traitées et représentées dans les albums coréens pour enfants ? Sur la base d’un corpus constitué d’une quinzaine de titres et abordé dans une approche sémiotique basée sur des isotopies descriptives sémantiques et visuelles, nous allons voir quelles sont les caractéristiques de la ville montrée, quelles sont les représentations qui en sont données, quels sont les usages que les enfants de ces albums en font en fonction des activités qu’ils y mènent et des espaces qu’ils fréquentent. Ainsi se révélera l’objet « ville » façonné par les albums coréens pour enfants publiés depuis les années 1990.
« C’est les petits des grandes villes »
Authors: Pietu Delphine
Published: February 2024

Cette contribution propose d’étudier la place des enfants des milieux populaires à Paris, de la mise en place de l’instruction obligatoire en 1882 jusqu’aux années 1920. Les jeunes parisiens, en particulier les garçons, font l’objet d’un fort imaginaire au sein duquel le lien à la ville est omniprésent. Les images positives, largement véhiculées, les valorisent et parfois les instrumentalisent à des fins politiques et commerciales. Cependant, au quotidien, et même si les espaces extérieurs de la ville continuent d’occuper différentes fonctions et peuvent être sources d’opportunités, les contraintes pesant sur les jeunes citadins tendent à s’accentuer, notamment avec la volonté d’encadrement des adultes.
La Grande Guerre dans la littérature de jeunesse : des musées de papier pour apprendre la paix
Authors: Sartori Sandra
Published: February 2024

L’article étudie le statut des documents d’archive dans les variations littéraires consacrées à la Grande Guerre, en se fondant sur l’analyse de trois ouvrages de fiction : deux albums aux partis-pris en apparence très différents, La guerre en mille morceaux1 et 14-18 : Une minute de silence à nos arrière-grands-pères courageux2, et le roman d’archives de Philippe Nessmann La fée de Verdun3. Dans ces ouvrages de fiction, les documents d’archive apparaissent comme un élément central des processus d’écriture. La patrimonialisation du passé et le devoir de mémoire transforment le livre jeunesse en un « musée de papier pour apprendre la paix4 » selon les mots d’Alain Serres : les préoccupations éthiques et testimoniales prennent le pas sur les questions historiques. Si les documents authentiques et ego-documents fournissent une authenticité certaine aux univers fictionnels, les auteurs font également un usage mélancolique de l’archive dans laquelle ils puisent une force émotionnelle particulière.
Characterisation of Water Treatment Sludge (WTS) at a Water Treatment Plant in Melaka
Authors: Saleman Abdul Rafeq , Jumaidin Ridhwan , Sultan Al Amin Mohamed , Azlan Umar Al Amani , Zakaria Muhammad Zulfattah
Published: February 2024

Water treatment sludge (WTS) is a by-product produced in the process of water treatment plants (WTP). It is estimated that an ordinary WTP produces over 10,000 tonnes of WTS per day, which has become a major concern in the management of WTS. Numerous previous studies have been accomplished to determine a safe disposal method and the potential reuse of WTS. In most investigations, material characterisation was the adopted method. It is known that each WTP produces different chemical composition of WTS according to raw water intake and the treatment process. The aim of this paper is to examine the chemical composition of WTS in the WTP at Melaka. The WTS sample is collected from WTP after the pressing process, where large amounts of water have been removed. The sample is tested using the Scanning Electron Microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The SEM-EDX results revealed that by weight percentage (%), WTS contains zirconium (Zr) (28 to 46%), oxygen (28 to 40%) and carbon (7 to 26%). Aluminium and silicon have weight percentages ranging from 7 to 8%. The outcomes are then confirmed by XRD, which showed the high intensity of Zr and α-Zr at approximately 35.3 and 36.1. of 2θ. Based on these findings, the suitable and potential reuse of WTS would be the extraction of Zr. However, further research is required to verify the consistency of Zr in WTS.
Review on Performance and Emissions Characteristics of Compression Ignition Engine Fueling Non-Edible Vegetable Oil
Authors: Tiwari Kamta Prasad , Singh Ram Narayan
Published: February 2024

The tremendous exhaustion of resources, a surprising price increase of petroleum fuel and worldwide ecological issues implement to find renewable fuel for compression ignition engine. Non-edible vegetable oils have proven consensus to opt as a replacement for diesel fuel due to comparable properties and less-pollutant characteristics. Using Unmixed Untreated Non-edible Vegetable Oil (UUNVO) in the CI engine matches the needs of a sustainable future and restricts the intensifying cost involved in biodiesel production. This paper aims to review the influence of various UUNVO (Karanja, Jatropha, Neem, Linseed, Mahua and Rubber Seed etc.) on the important performance parameters and emission level of diesel engine. UUNVO can be fuelled to the unmodified CI engine. However, the viscosity of UUNVO is reasonably higher compare to diesel fuel at room temperature, which deteriorates the engine performance and exhaust emission. Minor changes in the injection line for preheating the UUNVO and operating parameters are the way to improve it. It can clearly understand here that preheated UUNVOs typically increase NOx emissions and decrease PM, HC, and CO emissions level compared to standard diesel. UUNVO can substitute diesel fuel completely for short-duration operation. With the long-duration operation, UUNVO produces problems like poor engine performance, injector chocking, and erosion of piston crown, rings, cylinder liner, and other internal parts, and degradation of the lubricant. Problems raised due to durability can be minimized by controlling operational parameters.
Strategies on the Optimization of Thermoelectric Systems for Heat Transfer Applications: State of the Art Review
Authors: Venkatesh Middela Mohith , Bakthavatchalam Balaji , Raviramachandran Raghvendran Pala , Shaik Nagoor Basha , Hussein Omar A. , Patil Namdev Ashok
Published: February 2024

Thermoelectric technology is one of the fast-developing technologies in the present days due to its excellent heat transfer and heat conversion capabalities. This uses the electromotive force produced by the temperature difference at each end of the device to produce electricity and vice versa. There are various applications developed based on this thermoelectric technology which includes thermoelectric coolers, thermoelectric generators, and thermoelectric air conditioners. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of thermoelectric (TE) technologies, starting with a complete summary of their working principles explaining the effects like Seebeck, Peltier, and Thomson effects, as well as optimization techniques, applications, semi-conductor materials used, and potential future developments.
Investigation on Influence of Die Electric Medium in Electrical Discharge Machining of Monel 400 Alloy
Authors: Manoharan Madhanagopal , Perumal Sudalai , Ajithram Arivendhan , Kumar S. Dinesh , Ekanthamoorthy J.
Published: February 2024

Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is a non-conventional thermal energy based erosive process, which primarily applied for machining hard materials. Material Removal Rate (MRR) and surface roughness are the response parameters used to characterize the dielectric nature of the machined surface in EDM process. Addition of ingredients in the dielectric fluid improves the properties of fluid for better machining of the samples. The dielectric fluid medium plays a key role in controlling the electrical discharge and heat absorption, thereby removes the debris and cools the work piece during the machining process. In the current study, comprehensive work is done by investigating the effect of different dielectric fluid medium on machining parameters of EDM process with the addition of different powders in the dielectric fluid, which results in high precise and better topography in the machined part surface. Addition of powders such as Titanium (Ti), Silicon (Si), Graphite (Gr), Copper (Cu) and Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3) in dielectric fluid increases the convection property in the work piece tool interaction with increase in the micro-hardness of material. This work analyses the performance study of Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) of Monel 400 alloys, which can be improved by adding metallic powder into the dielectric medium. Material Removal Rate (MRR) is measured in the samples machined out of EDM process. In addition, Taguchi L27 Orthogonal Array is formulated for conducting machining in a sequential order to understand the implications of machined process parameters on the material removal rate over different dielectric mediums. It is found that the Aluminium oxide, graphite powder mix with EDM oil gives better material removal rate and less machining time. Furthermore, the introduction of Cu powders in the dielectric fluid provides better machinability response parameters. But it is preferable to parts with high slenderness ratio especially holes.
Multi-Objective Optimization of a Three Degree-of-Freedom Translational Parallel Kinematic Machine with Coplanar Rails
Authors: Patnala Joy Sukumar , Rao A.B. Koteswara , Darvekar Sanjay Krishnarao
Published: February 2024

Several advancements in the field of parallel manipulators have taken place in recent days as they offer many advantages over serial manipulators in terms of accuracy, agility, stiffness, speed, etc. The Parallel Kinematic Machines (PKMs) with lower Degree of Freedom (DoF) joints are being explored for a variety of industrial applications and, in particular, machining applications as these offer more accuracy, high machining capability, and more stiffness. This research work focuses on the modeling, kinematics, workspace and dexterity analyses of a 3DoF Translational PKM having coplanar rails along the Cartesian axes: -X, +X, +Y. Actuation of sliders, independently along the respective rails, offer the tool platform pure translational motion. Fixed length links are used to connect the sliders and tool platform. The PKM under study is modeled in CATIA. Inverse kinematics and workspace analysis are carried out using the performance indices, namely, Workspace Volume Index (WVI) and Global Condition Index (GCI). Attempts are also made to find the optimal dimensions of the PKM through multi-objective optimization using Genetic Algorithms in MATLAB. The methodology presented is helpful to predict the PKM's performance capability while the results obtained are helpful for the development of a physical prototype necessary for further experimental investigations.
Design and Development of a Portable Resistance Spot Welding Machine for Small-Scale Industries
Authors: Jha Kaushal , Jumde Akshaj , Kumar Gautam , Dutta Rick , Hardya Krati , Singh Shailesh Kumar , Choudhury Bishub
Published: February 2024

Resistance spot welding (RSW) is a commonly used process in a variety of fields such as automotive, aerospace, household, furniture, and railway for welding sheet metal parts. These industries further demand a welding machine that is portable and versatile in terms of where it can be utilized, such as, among others, remote locations, and is cost and energy-efficient, reliable, and highly efficient performance-wise. With this aim, the work develops a portable spot-welding machine with specific specifications, of an electrode of 0.394 inches in diameter and 10 inches in length, made of copper, and transformer specifications of 6 V-1500 A with 7 variable current settings. This machine is designed to provide accurate, consistent, and reliable welding readings. Additionally, the machine works on an AC supply of 220 volts, making it easily usable. The machine is found to be cost-effective, with a development cost of only 6100 rupees. It has also been found to be reliable and effective in welding up to two 3 mm mild steel plates under different currents, resistivity, and voltage settings. The machine is simple to operate and user-friendly and with a compact and lightweight design, it is highly versatile and easy to operate for a wide range of welding applications.
Transforming Carbide Lime Waste into Marketable PCC: Effect of Mechanical Disturbance
Authors: Salleh Emee Marina , Othman Rohaya , Sabri Siti Noorzidah Mohd , Mahim Zawawi
Published: February 2024

The acetylene market is anticipated to be driven by the growing applications across numerous industries particularly chemical synthesis, oxy-acetylene welding, and metal cutting. Attributable to wide-range uses, acetylene witnesses stable growth in the global market. However, the production of acetylene results in increasing generation of carbide lime waste that is classified as a scheduled waste under Malaysian Environmental Quality Act: EQA 1974 (SW427) due to its high alkalinity. The rising amount of the waste has warranted the need for repurposing its usage to avert handling and disposal difficulties. In overcoming this crucial environmental issue, the carbide lime waste was transformed into a more marketable product so-called precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) via feasible carbonation, promoted using natural sucrose solution. During the carbonation process, stirring rate was manipulated (i.e 300, 500, 700 and 1000 rpm) in investigating its effects on the PCC formation. Increasing the mechanical disturbance resulted in significant time reduction from 28 minutes to only 9 minutes and particle refinement. The production of PCC with purity above 98% suggested that the carbide lime waste was successfully transformed into high-grade PCC, which not only may help in preserving environmental sustainability yet can also offer profitable return to industry.
Recycling Blast Furnace Dust as Raw Material in Iron-Making
Authors: Hien Tran Thi Thu , Hai Pham Ngoc , Hai Tran Trung
Published: February 2024

A large amount of dust is formed as one of the primary by-products during the blast furnace ironmaking process. Iron and carbon are mainly compositions in the dust. Blast furnace dust (BFD) is cycled to protect the environment and recover valuable components. In this study, BFD is used pelletization process with iron ore concentration for raw materials charging to the iron-making furnace. The mixture of BFD and iron ore (30; 40; 50 by mass %) with 2 % bentonite as a binder was used for making pellets. The produced pellets were tested drop strength and fired at 1200 °C for 30 minutes in the atmosphere environment. Fired pellets were examined compressive strength and reduced at 900; 1000; 1100 °C in 30 minutes. Mechanical, porosity and reduction degree properties of reduced pellets were analysed. The results show that green strength and compressive strength are acceptable values. Good porosity is observed when using a high amount of BFD so that it gives a high degree of reduction. XRD, SEM were used for characterization. Iron whiskers were observed in the sample, which was reduced at 1000 °C. It is clearly shown that the pellets using BFD are appropriated for charging to blast furnace as raw materials.
Awareness of sickle cell disease among nursing undergraduates in Farasan: Its interference with malaria
Authors: Sayed Shabihul Fatma , Dailah Hamad G. , Nagarajan Sumathi , El Kareem Amani Awad , Said Ameerah Riffat , Abdelwahab Siddig Ibrahim , Abadi Shaivad Shabee HulHasan , Haddadi Rola Hassan , Khuwaja Gulrana , Zribi Saida Mohamed , Ageeli Samar Yeahya Hamad E M. , Malhan Wadeah Ali D.A. , Madkhali Yahya Talebi
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The present study was conducted to generate data on awareness and incidence of sickle cell disease (SCD) and also to adduce the widespread myths peddled about SCD.

Materials and Methods:

Students studying in the Department of Nursing were recruited. A pretested, self-administered sickle cell assessment questionnaire was distributed electronically through WhatsApp group to collect necessary data. Participants were screened for malaria by thin blood smear analyses, and their hemoglobin (Hb) contents (g/dL) were determined by Sahli’s haemoglobinometer. Statistical analyses were done using Origin (version 8.1, USA). A reliability study was performed for the validity of questionnaire data.

Results:

Study participants had significantly high awareness regarding SCDs (89.9%, P < 0.001). Most participants (96.3%) were aware about government policy regarding premarital screening for genetic disorders and replied that the government has strict health policies backed by equally robust laboratory diagnostics. Moreover, none of the participants had SCDs, although their parents had a consanguineous marriage. Thin blood smear analyses of participants did not reveal any cases of Plasmodium falciparum. However, significant percentages (33.1%) were found to be anemic, probably due to their dietary habits and lifestyles, as has been reflected by questionnaire analyses. Furthermore, a very less number of students had knowledge about genetic variations that might occur in malaria-endemic regions after long exposure to offer protection from malaria. Knowledge about management practices was also lacking among study participants (29%).

Conclusion:

This research points to the necessity that the nursing study plan should focus on providing specific training on management skills and preventive measures for SCDs, which is of paramount importance.
Speech Intelligibility and Speech Naturalness while Speaking with and without Medical Mask
Authors: Murali Sushmitha , Boominathan Prakash , Mahalingam Shenbagavalli
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

The COVID-19 situation has led to an increase use of medical mask for protection. Facial and respiratory PPE covering the mouth and nose have been reported to diminish Speech Intelligibility. Altering the volume, rate and volume and rate together may contribute to influencing the speech intelligibility and speech naturalness rating. Therefore, identifying the appropriate method to speak with medical mask can help train people to communicate with mask. This study aimed to (1) analyse effects of wearing masks on speech intelligibility, naturalness and comprehensibility, and (2) document an altered style of speaking to improve speech intelligibility, naturalness and comprehensibility while wearing masks.

Method:

Cross-over study design was used. Spoken utterances from 14 naïve speakers were recorded with and without medical mask, and speech in typical style, increased volume (loudness), reduced rate, and mixed method (combination of increased loudness and reduced rate) with medical mask was recorded from 12 professional speakers. Two expert listeners rated the naïve speakers, and two naïve listeners rated professional speakers using standard rating scales of speech intelligibility and naturalness. Percentage of correct identification of utterance was calculated as a measure of comprehensibility. Wilcoxon signed rank test and Friedman test were used to report significant differences among conditions and parameters analysed.

Results:

Speech intelligibility, naturalness and comprehensibility was poorer while speaking with medical mask than without them. Speaking in mixed method (combination of increased loudness and reduced rate), while using medical masks was the most appropriate style of speech in order to be intelligible, natural and comprehensible, followed by increased loudness style, typical style and reduced rate style.

Conclusion:

People should be alerted that wearing mask leads to reduction in speech intelligibility, comprehensibility and naturalness. These can be improved by modifying the style of speaking.
Regaining mandibular position after hemimandibulectomy using ancillary maxillofacial prosthesis
Authors: Chidembaranathan Ahila S. , Thulasingam Culathur
Published: February 2024

Fracture of any part of the mandible leads to deviation of the remaining portion of the mandible toward the fracture site and alteration of the biting surface of the teeth. Surgical resection of the mandible more commonly affects physiological, psychological, and esthetic effects of an individual. In such kind of patient, a buccal-based guidance appliance had an effective role in reducing or correcting the deviation of the mandible. This case report describes the prosthetic rehabilitation of resected mandible on the right side, and the deviation was corrected using guide flange ancillary maxillofacial prosthesis with a novel design. The guide flange prosthesis along with regular exercise minimizes the deviation of the mandible which further improves the masticatory efficiency and quality of life.
Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor in association with dentigerous cyst
Authors: Sharma Sonam , Sharma Amita
Published: February 2024

The odontogenic tissue surrounding an impacted tooth is a harbinger of a wide variety of odontogenic cysts and tumors. As these hamartomatous and neoplastic aberrations can occur at any stage of odontogenesis, therefore combined features of odontogenic tumors with epithelial and mesenchymal components can develop within the odontogenic cysts. One of the odontogenic cysts is the dentigerous cyst (DC) which is not only the most common developmental odontogenic cyst arising from the pericoronal tissue but is of great clinical significance owing to its neoplastic potential and association with other rare odontogenic tumors. We herein describe an unusual case of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor which developed secondary to a DC in a 22-year-old female and created a diagnostic conundrum. The approach to such a case, differential diagnosis, and review of the literature is also presented.
Bohns' nodules
Authors: Kaul Rahul , Bali Atul , Lal Vijay , Koul Rishu
Published: February 2024

Bohns' nodules is a transient oral mucosal condition found mainly in Caucasian infants which are usually asymptomatic and do not interfere with feeding. This is a case report of a 4-month-old female was brought by her mother to a dental clinic with the chief complaint of swelling present on the gum of the upper jaw. The parents of the child were counseled and reassured and no treatment of any kind was performed.
Eruption chronology of 1st permanent tooth and evaluation of several factors among the children of Kolkata − An original research
Authors: Sarma Trisha Das , Kundu Gautam Kumar , Thakur Taniya , Guha Poulam
Published: February 2024

Objective:

Eruption is an orderly, sequential, age-specific event and an important milestone during child's development. Along with the study of prenatal and postnatal growth, diagnosis and treatment planning and maintaining birth records also need idea about proper eruption sequence. The purposes of this study are as follows: To determine which permanent tooth first erupts and at which age, identify if any difference exists with the existing eruption sequence and to note factors if any related to specific eruption chronology among the 5–7 years' old children of North Kolkata.

Materials and Methods:

Socioeconomic statuses were noted as per the Modified Kuppuswamy Scale. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention child and teen BMI calculator. Tooth notation was recorded using the foreign direct investment system. Children in whom no permanent tooth was erupted, intraoral periapical radiograph was taken with the help of dental mesh gauge in mandibular (mand.) anterior and posterior region. Variables which may influence eruption time were recorded in prevalidated questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS 20.0 software.

Results:

Mand. central incisor (CI) was the 1st erupted permanent tooth in 31.8% children and Mand. 1st Molar (M1) in 67.9% of total study population. The mean age of eruption of 1st erupted permanent tooth was 5.981 ± 0.547 years. More no of samples (3.80%) from upper socioeconomic status have shown Mand. CI as 1st erupted permanent tooth. Percentage of preterm children (20%) and infants with any systemic diseases (9.50%) were also more in this group.

Conclusion:

In many children, Mand. CI is the 1st erupted permanent tooth; this is definitely a Milestone Data and did not match with Kronfild and Schour's permanent teeth eruption time table which we are blindly following for years. Parental education and further periodic revaluation are needed for future purpose.
Comparative evaluation of antiplaque and antigingivitis effect of 3% Murraya koenigii mouthwash versus 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash
Authors: Verma Vartika , Sharma Shivani , Salaria Sanjeev Kumar , Malhotra Sumit , Rana Mohd. Nazar , Mishra Pooja
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

Control of supragingival plaque has been the mainstay in the primary and secondary prevention of periodontal diseases. Due to the difficulty in achieving adequate plaque control by mechanical means, there is a great interest in the use of antimicrobial agents to replace or to be used as adjuncts to mechanical approaches. Herbal products are considered as an interesting alternative to synthetic antimicrobials due to their distinctive advantages. Murraya koenigii is one such herb which not only adds aroma to our food but also has a huge panorama of antimicrobial, antioxidative, and cytotoxic properties.

Aim:

The aim of the study is to comparatively evaluate the effectiveness of 3% M. koenigii and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) mouthwash in the reduction of plaque and gingivitis in patients suffering from mild to moderate gingivitis.

Materials and Methods:

Forty-five participants participating in this study were divided into three groups and underwent Phase I therapy on the first visit. Patients were recalled after 7 days; Group M, Group C, and Group P participants were instructed to use 3% M. koenigii, 0.2% CHX, and placebo mouthwash respectively, twice a day, for a minute for 2 weeks as an adjunct to mechanical plaque control. Turesky–Glickman–Gilmore modification of Quigley Hein plaque index (PI) and modified gingival index (GI) were recorded at baseline (7th day) and at the end of the study (22nd day). Student's paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance test, post hoc analysis were used for intra and intergroup comparison of parameters, respectively.

Results:

The results of the study showed that all the Groups M, C, P showed a statistically significant difference in gingival scores with a mean difference of 0.438 ± 0.234, 0.408 ± 0.388, 0.425 ± 0.237, respectively, when compared with baseline. Plaque scores for Group M and Group C were statistically significant with mean difference of 0.878 ± 0.433 and 1.090 ± 0.613, respectively. However, the mean change in PI and GI scores between the Groups M, P, and K was statistically nonsignificant.

Conclusion:

M. koenigii mouthwash is equally effective as CHX, in the reduction of plaque and gingivitis.
Suitability of virtual reality for simulating smoking among current mild cigarette smokers in Chennai city
Authors: Mohanram Monica Gurupriya , Madankumar P. D.
Published: February 2024

Background:

Multi-component psychological interventions have proven broadly to be effective for smoking cessation. Cue-induced craving is considered responsible for relapse after smoking cessation. Cue Exposure Therapy (CET) consists of controlled and repeated exposure to stimuli associated with substance use to extinguish craving responses. A recent mode of cue presentation that has received increasing attention in the literature is the use of virtual reality (VR). VR uses computer-based technology to generate three-dimensional environment that allows people to move through their surroundings and interact with the created environment. The aim of our study was to determine the suitability of VR for simulating smoking among current cigarette smokers in Chennai city.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted with a purposive sample of 40 truck drivers above 18 years of age. Sense of satisfaction experienced by participants after completion of one VR session was assessed at the end of the experiment using suitability evaluation questionnaire (SEQ).

Results:

The mean age of the participants was 47.23 ± 12.43 ranging from 19 to 74 years. The suitability of VR for simulating smoking among current mild cigarette smokers according to the SEQ scale showed intermediate suitability.

Conclusions:

The result of the present study showed that VR environments that simulate real situations are suitable to elicit craving and thus assist in smoking cessation.
Micro-computed tomography in endodontics
Authors: Lavanya A. , Ali Sajid , Tewari Rajendra Kumar
Published: February 2024

In recent years, biomedical and dental researchers have started using micro-computed tomography (MCT) for research purposes. Due to a wide range of technological developments in various sources of X-ray and X-ray imaging techniques, the use of MCT in experimental studies has been improved. MCT systems allow researchers to analyze microstructures, differences in density, and morphological changes. This review article emphasizes on the recent advancements of MCT applied in endodontics. MCT applications in the analysis of root canal morphology, evaluation of biomechanical preparation, irrigation and intracanal medicament extrusion, restoration of root canal, and retreatment have been summarized.
Ozone therapy in dentistry
Authors: Vats Vrinda , Dhall Sonam , Sachdeva Akshat
Published: February 2024

Ozone is a form of oxygen which has shown to be fruitful in the management of various diseases for many years now. Ozone therapy is slowly emerging as an alternative treatment modality for many dental pathologies catering to all age groups. It has proven to be beneficial than conventional strategies with applications to dental treatment. The present article aims to discuss the role of ozone in the management of certain conditions in the oral cavity and its possible clinical applications in the future.
Nonfluoride remineralizing agent for caries prevention in children
Authors: Gunasekaran Sowndarya , Sakthivel Soundarya , Nainan Pazhayidath Isaac , Shanthala B. M.
Published: February 2024

Background:

The recent outburst of nonfluoride remineralizing agents suggests that it may serve as alternative and as an adjunct for fluoride in preventing, arresting, or even reversing dental caries.

Aim:

This study aims to assess the caries prevention potential of a variety of nonfluoride agents in children, with an efficient and extended literature database search.

Materials and Methods:

Electronic (MEDLINE, PubMed, and The Cochrane Library) and manual searches were conducted for relevant studies published till March 2020. Randomized control trials (RCTs) that investigated the effect of nonfluoride remineralizing agents such as casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), ACP, arginine, probiotic, xylitol, chlorhexidine, and nanoparticles in remineralization and prevention of dental caries were assessed.

Results:

Twelve studies met the criteria. There were 2653 patients in the test group and 2596 in the control group. Participants using nonfluoride agents were more likely to experience a reduction in dental caries compared to control ([standardized mean difference {SMD}] −0.55 [−1.06, 0.04], 95% confidence interval [CI], I
2 = 98%), but there was substantial heterogeneity (98%) across studies. Moreover, an overall statistically insignificant benefit of Non-fluoride agent was detected (SMD −0.55 [−1.06, 0.04], 95% CI, I
2 = 98% P < 0.00001).

Conclusion:

High-quality RCTs on the preventive effect of nonfluoride agents in children are still important to make a conclusive recommendation.
Evaluation of chin morphology after two-jaw orthognathic surgery
Authors: de Sousa Filho João Lisboa , Rodrigues da Silva Ana Maria Bettoni , Trivellato Alexandre Elias , Rodrigues da Silva Marco Antônio , Sverzut Cássio Edvard
Published: February 2024

Background:

The mandibular advancement or setback achieved by bilateral sagittal osteotomy can generate significant changes in the soft tissues of the mandible and chin. This was a retrospective study of patients who underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Residency Training Program, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate changes in chin morphology in patients with orthognathic surgery of two jaws using Three-dimensional (3D) photography. Based on inclusion and non inclusion criteria, 11 records including 9 women (81.1%) and 2 men (18.9%), with a mean age of 33.5 years, were incorporated in the study. 3D images were analyzed with Vectra M3® software (Canfield Scientific, Fairfield, NJ, USA), after marking reference points on the face, determining linear measurements, and performing area and angle calculations. We analyzed 3D photographs obtained preoperatively (T0), 6 months (T1), and 1 year (T2) after surgery.

Results:

Chin height (Li-Me) and surface (Li-Me) demonstrated an average increase of 9.2 mm and 8.8 mm, respectively, after 6 months. In addition, chin prominence (Go-Pg), chin-to-neck distance (C-Gn), and lower jaw area increased on average by 12.1 mm, 15.0 mm, and 34.6 mm2, respectively, after 6 months. However, the mentolabial angle (Li-Si-Pg) decreased on average by 18.8° after 6 months. All results remained stable after 12 months.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, 3D photography was very useful for the evaluation of facial soft-tissue changes after orthognathic surgery. Our study demonstrated a decrease in mentolabial angle and increases in chin prominence, chin height and surface, chin-to-neck distance, and lower jaw area.
A comparative evaluation of sagittal condylar guidance obtained by the protrusive interocclusal record and panoramic radiographic tracing in both dentulous and edentulous patients
Authors: Das Riju , Giri Tapan Kumar , Kanrar Bishakha , Mukherjee Sugato
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

Successful prosthesis is made in harmony with the stomatognathic system. To fabricate a successful prosthesis the stomatognathic system must be simulated outside the patient's mouth in a mechanical device called articulator. For the aforesaid reason replication of sagittal condylar guidance outside the patients, the mouth is of utmost importance.

Aim of Study:

To compare sagittal condylar guidance obtained by conventional method and panoramic radiographic tracing in both dentulous and edentulous patients. (1) To determine the condylar guidance on panoramic radiographs in dentate and edentulous subjects. (2) To determine the condylar guidance by the conventional clinical method in both dentate and edentulous patients. (3) To compare the values obtained from panoramic radiographs with the values obtained by conventional techniques. (4) To compare the right side condylar guidance values to the left.

Methodology:

A total of 20 dentulous and 20 edentulous patients were selected and their sagittal condylar guidance is recorded firstly with conventional method and then with the tracing of orthopantomograph (OPG). Then, these values are compared with each other to find out any significant difference between these two methods.

Results:

There is no significant difference in sagittal condylar guidance obtained from OPG and protrusive interocclusal record (PIR) method in dentulous and edentulous patients.

Conclusion:

The radiographic method is a potential alternative to PIR method.
Pediatric dentistry post coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Dempsy Chengappa M. M. , Bali Atul , Kaul Rahul , Koul Rishu
Published: February 2024

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a great impact on the practice of dentistry. Dental setups are potential focal points for cross-infection, and utmost care must be taken to reduce the risk of infection to, from, or among dentists, paradental staff, and patients. A specific concern for children is the uncertainty of their infection status; a clinical history may not be as suggestive of the infection as it is in adults. This makes pediatric dentists more prone to getting infected by the disease. The present review is aimed to provide an overview of potential dental emergencies in pediatric dental practice and a summary of the available treatment strategies that can be utilized by pediatric dentists with an aim to minimize aerosol generation to reduce chances of transmission during and after COVID-19 pandemic.
Evidence of oral health intervention during pregnancy for spontaneous preterm birth reduction
Authors: Vieira Cristina Dutra , de Assis Aguiar Andreza Nayla , de Oliveira Lima Camilla Aparecida Silva , Nogueira Reis Zilma Silveira
Published: February 2024

Oral health care is critical for overall well-being, which is associated with better obstetric outcomes. The aim of the present integrative review was to assess scientific reports to support the planning of effective oral health interventions to prevent preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW), as a secondary target. Seven bibliographic bases were searched from 2013 to 2018. Studies including oral health interventions during antenatal care with measurable impact on PTB or LBW reduction were searched. Sixteen studies were included. The heterogeneity in the population of pregnant women, and the types of oral intervention as well as the lack of accurate gestational ages, made it difficult to summarize the evidence. Despite the early intervention in high-risk groups, there was not enough evidence to support a significant reduction in PTB rates. There was some evidence that untreated periodontal disease in pregnancy was associated with LBW. This review did not provide strong evidence that preventive oral interventions during pregnancy had a measurable impact on spontaneous PTB reduction. However, further research is needed to clarify the impact of oral health interventions on the general pregnant women population or on those with a high risk of PTB and LBW.
Psychological and social impact of malocclusion in children and young adults – A review
Authors: Georgina Aasini Maria , Sundar Jasmine S , Srinivas G.
Published: February 2024

Malocclusion is a major oral health problem, which is prevalent among all age groups. Malocclusion affects speech and mastication and causes pain. In psychosocial health, it may impact an individual's self-esteem due to self-perceived appearance and peer's opinions. This article aims to assess the effect of malocclusion on psychological and social health (i.e., quality of life, [QoL]) in children and young adults by reviewing the literature. Studies found to be relevant were identified in PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. Studies with data on malocclusion, factors influencing the treatment, and QoL associated with oral health in children and adolescents were considered for this review. After carefully scrutinizing the study objective, a total of ten full-text articles were selected and reviewed. Researcher's found that dental problems such as anterior tooth trauma or missing malocclusion affect the esthetics and psychological behavior of adolescents. Malocclusion can be socially and psychologically stigmatizing for young adults.
A soft-tissue metastasis in neck
Authors: Chandanwale Shirish Sahebrao , Ghoshal Pubali , Yadav Shraddha , Londhe Mangesh
Published: February 2024

There is an alarming increase in the incidence of both oral and base of the tongue squamous cell carcinoma during the past decades, especially in women and younger patients without the traditional risk factors of alcohol or tobacco use. Locoregional spread of tumor via lymphatics to submandibular and jugulodigastric lymph nodes is common. Soft-tissue metastasis (STM) in the neck of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma is very rare and represents nonnodal-based metastasis. It has a significant adverse impact on the survival of patients. STM in the neck as a presenting symptom of oral tongue carcinoma is very unusual and extremely rare.
Cutaneous Metastasis as a Diagnostic Prelude in a 48-year-old Female
Authors: Ebisawa Nagatoshi M. , Palabyab-Imperial Isabel G. , Senador Leilani R. , Escueta-Alcos Luella Joy A.
Published: February 2024

Cutaneous metastasis (CM) describes the spread of a distant primary tumor into the skin. The overall incidence of CM ranges from 5% to 10% with breast cancer having the highest rate in women. CM of breast carcinoma origin may manifest as erysipelas-like erythema on the chest, having distinct raised borders and edema due to lymphatic obstruction termed as carcinoma erysipeloides. In most cases, CM is recognized after the initial diagnosis of primary internal malignancy. However, in 0.6–1% of cases, CM served as the first presenting sign of malignancy. A 48-year-old female presented with multiple, erythematous patches, and plaques with clear-cut raised margins, some topped with violaceous pinpoint papules and nodules on the chest, abdomen, and back. No palpable breast mass was appreciated. There was noted nipple retraction and axillary lymphadenopathy. A 4-mm skin punch biopsy revealed nests of large pleomorphic cells on the papillary dermis admixed with mitotic figures and attempts of ductal formation. CK7 and CEA were positive. Results of ultrasonography and mammogram were highly suspicious of malignancy. Core needle biopsy of the breast mass revealed an invasive ductal carcinoma. In the context of an eczematous presentation on the chest area without palpable nodules or mass on breast examination, a diagnostic challenge is expected. Interestingly, our patient represents a small group of CM having cutaneous lesions as their primary manifestation. A high index of suspicion supplemented with proper clinicopathologic and radiologic correlation is crucial for the diagnosis of CM. A multidisciplinary referral is required for adequate management and overall survival rate.
A Literature Review and Clinical Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Bullous Pemphigoid
Authors: Mendoza Clarisse G. , Concha Josef Symon S. , Uy Cybill Dianne C. , Guevara Bryan K. , Gonzaga Evelyn R. , Jamora Maria Jasmin J. , Cruz-Regalado Jamaine L. , Estrella Katrina C. , Ruiz Melanie Joy D. , Balagat Rogelio A. , Ramirez-Quizon Mae N. , Dizon Johanna Pauline L. , Nicolas Marie Eleanore O.
Published: February 2024

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most common autoimmune blistering disease primarily characterized by tense blisters and occasionally with urticarial plaques, affecting the skin and mucous membranes. These are caused by autoantibodies against BP180 and BP230 which target antigens on the basement membrane zone. The diagnosis relies on the integration of clinical, histopathological, immunopathological, and serological findings. The management depends on the clinical extent and severity. We present in this article a literature review and the clinical consensus guidelines of the Immunodermatology Subspecialty Core Group of the Philippine Dermatological Society in the management of BP.
Hypertrophic Lichen Planus in a 38-year-old Filipino Male: A Case Report
Authors: Acoba Janine Bianca M. , Tanchiong Ma. Margarita Isabel C. , Jamora Maria Jasmin J.
Published: February 2024

Hypertrophic lichen planus (HLP) is a papulosquamous eruption presenting with extremely pruritic hyperkeratotic flat-topped papules, plaques, and nodules. This is a case of 38-year-old male who presented with a 2-month history of generalized erythematous-to-hyperpigmented papules, patches, and plaques topped with white-to-gray oyster shell-like scales on a background of hyperpigmented macules and patches. There was no involvement of the conjunctival, otic, oral, and genital mucosae, and palmar and plantar aspects of the hands and feet. Dermoscopy showed reticular pearly white structures corresponding to the Wickham striae, comedo-like openings, blue-gray dots, brownish-black dots, and scales. Histopathologic examination revealed marked compact hyperkeratosis, wedge-shaped hypergranulosis, irregular saw-toothed epidermal acanthosis, scattered dyskeratotic keratinocytes, and superficial perivascular lichenoid infiltrate of lymphocytes, histiocytes, and melanophages. The patient was managed as a case of HLP. He was started on methotrexate 10 mg per week, bath psoralen photochemotherapy (PUVA) three times a week, betamethasone valerate 1mg/g cream twice a day for 2 weeks alternating with tacrolimus 0.1% ointment twice a day for another 2 weeks, 10% lactic acid, emollients, and sunscreen. After 6 months of treatment, there was almost 80% improvement of lesions and relief of pruritus.
Effectiveness of 100% Tea Tree Oil (Melaleuca alternifolia) versus Salicylic Acid + Lactic Acid Solution in the Treatment of Common Warts: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Pario Zacaria B. Jr. , Visitacion Lalaine R. , Pandita-Reyes Bai Shariffah B.
Published: February 2024

Background:

Common warts are a common malady among patients. Not only does it affect the person physically but also mentally and socially. Several treatment modalities are available; however, the major concerns are the treatment cost and adverse effect profile. Salicylic + lactic acid (SLA) solution is one of the standard treatment modalities owing to its strong keratolytic properties; however, its cost and adverse effects limit its use among patients. A cost-effective and safe alternative treatment is ideal to bring about a more favorable clinical outcome and better patient satisfaction. 100% tea tree oil (TTO) solution was used in this study due to its natural antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties.

Objective:

The study aimed to compare the safety and effectiveness of 100% TTO versus SLA solution in the treatment of common warts.

Methods:

A total of 17 patients with a total of 74 warts were included in the study. Each wart was assigned to either of the two treatment groups. the SLA group and the 100% TTO group. A treatment period of 6 weeks was used to assess the effectiveness of both treatment groups.

Results:

The study showed no significant difference between the SLA solution and 100% TTO in the treatment of common warts. The 100% tea tree group reported lesser adverse effects. Both treatment groups reported favorable treatment satisfaction.

Conclusion:

100% TTO is a potentially safe and cost-effective alternative in the treatment of common warts.
Acute Post-surgical Herpes Zoster after Renal Transplantation Masquerading as Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Authors: Darsan S. Lal , Preman Arya , Vishal Vaibhav
Published: February 2024

Acute post-surgical Herpez Zoster should be considered a rare but important differential diagnosis of erythematous or vesiculobullous rashes at the surgical site especially in post-transplant or immunosuppressed individuals. Early diagnosis and prompt antiviral treatment are important to shorten the disease’s morbidity. We present the case report of a 12-year-old boy with Alport syndrome with end stage renal disease, who under renal transplantation, but developed erythematous rashes on post operative day 3, diagnosed as Herpes Zoster. He was managed successfully with medications.