bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shifting Learning Atmosphere through Process Drama: Teaching English POS in Indian Classrooms
Authors: Mahant Pratik Kumar , Alam Sohaib , Ghosh Sanjukta , Jabeen Ismat
Published: June 2023

This paper investigates the effectiveness of process drama in teaching English parts-of-speech to middle school students in an eastern Indian school. For the application part, we developed process drama-based lesson plans following the structural approach and implemented them among the students of class VII studying English as a second language. The study employed a quasi-experimental design, with a pretest-posttest approach to data collection. Additionally, the facilitator consistently took observational field notes to understand the utility and limitations of process drama in a second-language classroom. The twenty-day intervention program resulted in significant growth in the treatment group and showed seminal benefits over the traditional method of teaching parts-of-speech through the structural approach. Moreover, observational field notes indicated the welcoming attitude of learners towards process drama-based language pedagogy and assisted in understanding the utility and limitations of process drama as a pedagogical tool in a second language classroom. The findings of this study have implications for language educators, curriculum designers, and policymakers, offering valuable insights and practical recommendations for integrating process drama in L2 teaching methodologies in diverse educational settings.
Irradiation of Ionic Wind extracted from Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma to abate Aerosols trapped in Surgical Mask and KN95 Respirator
Authors: Arshad Tehreem , Rafique Muhammad Shahid , Bashir Shazia , Hayat Asma , Murtaza Ghulam , Muneeb Abdul , Shahadat Imran , Nayab Nabiha
Published: June 2023

Lahore (Pakistan), being an industrial city, has high emission of aerosols that affects and contaminates the air quality. Aerosols cause serious diseases in living organisms, upon inhalation. Therefore, the abatement of aerosols is necessary to restrict their infectious activities. In this project, ionic wind isolated from dielectric barrier discharge plasma (DBD plasma) has been utilized to abate the aerosols trapped in Surgical Mask and KN95 Respirator. In order to trap the aerosols, surgical mask and KN95 respirator were exposed to ambient atmosphere in the industrialized area of Lahore (Pakistan). Trapping of airborne particulates is evidenced by optical microscope. Air-exposed samples were then irradiated to the ionic wind extracted from DBD plasma. DBD plasma setup consists of two electrodes separated by a dielectric material and powered by a high-voltage AC supply (30kV). A negatively biased (15kV) third electrode placed atop DBD setup is used to isolate the ions. The DBD plasma was operated at 12 and 20 kV AC emitting ions of 50 and 200 keV, respectively. To infer the chemical composition of ambient aerosols collected in the surgical Mask and KN95 Respirator before and after the exposure of ions, FTIR has been employed. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technique has been used to extract the elemental detection, before and after the treatment of aerosols. There is significant reduction of the functional groups in the ionic wind irradiated samples as compared to those of air-exposed. Compositional analyses show that there exists a less concentration of elements after irradiation of ionic wind while in air-exposed samples, toxic elements have a large proportion. It appears from the result that irradiation of ionic wind has played a significant effect on the abatement of aerosols. Therefore, the DBD device can effectively abate/inactivate/eradicate the aerosols from the ambient environment.
Attitude and perception of dental students towards artificial intelligence
Authors: Seram Tampha , Batra Manu , Gijwani Deeksha , Chauhan Krishna , Jaggi Manya , Kumari Neelam
Published: June 2023

Introduction-Artificial intelligence has been advancing in fields including anesthesiology,radiologist, dentist. The study is conducted to test out knowledge,attitude and future among undergraduate and postgraduatedental students of Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan.

Material and Methods-This is a cross sectional questionnaire-based study, conducted among undergraduate students and postgraduate students in dental institute of Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan.Pre-tested and validated questionnaire was sent to students through Google form. Descriptive statistics surveyed the frequency distribution and Chi-square test assessed the difference in perception among the study population.

Results-More than 226 (81%) were undergraduate dental students and around 53 (19 %) were postgraduate students. About 55.8 % undergraduate students and 77.4% post graduatestudents had mentioned that they are familiar with the uses and knowledge of AI. For idea of how AI can be incorporated in dental practice, around 36.7% undergraduate students and 20.8% post graduate students responded positively. It showed undergraduate students had higher knowledge idea about how AI can be incorporated in dental practice, this difference in opinion was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.001).

Conclusion-AI will be useful in planning diagnosis and treatment planned in future by seeing respond from respondents. The lectures and seminars could be organized to make that dental students gain a better understanding of AI and ultimately helped them play a fully conscious and active role in the development, implementation and use of AI tools in dentistry.
The context of Bernard - Soulier syndrome & it's culmination in the demense of prosthodontics
Authors: Chopra Devendra , Mishra Sumit
Published: June 2023

Bernard – Soulier syndrome is a rare hereditary disorder with giant cell platelets, thrombocytopenia and extended bleeding time. In thrombosis and hemostasis, platelets play a main role. The first stage in the creation of hemostatic plugs is the accumulation of platelets at the site of vascular injury that plays a key role in stopping the blood loss following the injury. The genetic error is induced by the glycoprotein complex lb/IX/V, which is the Von Willebrand factor on the platelet surface. Here we are reporting a 78 year old male patient which comes with chief complaint of missing teeth, root stumps & worn out teeth in upper and lower arches, inability to chew properly and wants replacement for the same. The primary treatment remains platelet transfusion pre & post extraction. Root canal treatment was performed on remaining natural teeth. Conventional over denture prosthesis for upper arch and dolder bar attachment overlay denture was fabricated for the lower arch.
The Obesity nd Periodontal Disease
Authors: Khan Najmus Sahar
Published: June 2023

Obesity is multifactorial disease affecting developing and developed countries worldwide. It is systemic condition associated with several diseases with increased rate of morbidity and mortality. It is major public health problem with various comorbidities affecting general as well as oral health. Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition resulting in destruction of supporting structures of teeth, connective tissue, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone resorption. There is possible correlation of obesity and periodontal disease. This article aim to review about the  relationship about periodontitis and obesity and recommend some possible measures to detect cases at an early stage .
Misplaced or Intentionally Misplaced – A Bracket Positioning Overview
Authors: Kushwah Ashish , Kumar Mukesh , Premsagar Shruti , Soni Shashank , Jeswani Rahul
Published: June 2023

In orthodontics, bracket positioning is the utmost part of the treatment planning. Ideally if the clinician using MBT prescription then they should follow the MBT bracket positioning charts to achieve more aesthetic result. Deflection in a bracket positioning to MBT chart may alter the final result as well as may prolong the finishing and detailing stage. Although in some conditions alteration in a bracket positioning may reduce the treatment time as well as reduces chances of the relapse. Generally in a first look it seems that the particular bracket was misplaced but with the help of proper understanding of the basic biomechanics and well planned treatment strategy that the bracket position was justified as intentionally misplaced. This article discussing all those conditions in which the alteration in a bracket positioning can helps clinician to achieve a desired result comparatively in less time with more stability.
Biomechanical preparation in primary endodontics- A comprehensive review
Authors: Dr Khoda opi Khoda opi
Published: June 2023

A major objective of modern dentistry for children is to maintain the integrity of the primary dentition until normal exfoliation, for the purpose of promoting function, esthetics and phonetics. Endodontic treatment in primary teeth can be challenging and time consuming, especially during canal preparations, which is considered one of the most important steps in root canal therapy. In recent years, new materials, equipments and instruments have evolved to a great extend and simplified the endodontic treatment procedures for the clinicians. Hence, we aim to provide review on some of the important aspects of the biomechanical preparation of the teeth.
The New Periodontal disease classification: Analysis and Review
Authors: Jain Tiny
Published: June 2023

Classifications are formulated based on the understanding developed regarding the etiology, pathogenesis and clinical features of a particular disease. Classification of the periodontal and peri-implant diseases is essential for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of the disease. Though we have made great strides towards the understanding of periodontitis in general, the bitter truth is that we have not hit the bull's eye on the true nature of etiopathogenesis. Joseph Fox, in 1806 first classified gingival disease. A number of different systems have been proposed later and till recently the 1999 international workshop on periodontal disease classification has been used for periodontal diseases. This paper aims to critically review in detail the major drawbacks of 1999 classification that led to the newer periodontal classification 2017, the key changes incorporated, its strengths and also the areas requiring further clarity and research. The 2017 classification is elaborate and complex as compared to the 1999 classification and its implementation is to be determined in the course of time.
Imaging Modalities in Dental Implantology
Authors: Pallavi
Published: June 2023

Dental implants are gaining immense popularity and wide acceptance because they not only replace lost teeth, but are also permanent restorations that do not interfere with oral function or speech or compromise the self-esteem of patients. Appropriate replacement planning in which imaging plays a pivotal role helps to ensure a satisfactory outcome. The development of precise pre surgical imaging techniques and surgical templates allow the dentist to place these implants with relative ease & predictability. This article focuses on various types of imaging modalities carried out before, during and after dental implant placement and the diagnostic role of each modality.
Prions and Oral Cavity: The Oblivious Single Handed Protein Machinery
Authors: Sarah  , Neha Agrawal
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: The world today is facing an unprecedented situation with the spread of novel COVID-19. Covid era has brought the whole world to its knees. Oral health care professionals are at the risk of acquiring numerous diseases which amounts to occupational hazards. Now is the time to widen our horizons and look at different spectrum of diseases, prions being one of them. The short clinician course and long incubation period poses many challenges to this group of neurodegenerative diseases. AIM: The aim of this review is to highlight uncharted aspects of prions and oral health. REVIEW DETAILS: It sheds light on the spectrum of prion diseases. Since there is no known cure of this dreaded disease and it is ineffective with normal sterilization and disinfection procedures, prevention is the only way ahead. This review highlights the colliding world of prions and human body. This also keeps in mind the precautions and guidelines which will help health care professionals in combating this non curable fatal disease. CONCLUSION: Ensuing endeavors should be undertaken to help find plausible detection techniques, treatment options (if any), precaution and guidelines to be kept in mind to fight off this protein entity.
Comparative Evaluation Of Commercially Available Stainless Steel Crowns: An In- Vitro Study
Authors: Masih Updesh
Published: June 2023

Purpose : The purpuse of this study was to evaluate the tensile strength, compressive strength,adaptability,retention,resistance and dimensions of different commercially available stainless steel crown ( SSC ) and a new crown ( rainbow ) coming in the  market.

Materials & method : Sixty extracted primary molars were used.Crown preparation was done.They were divided into four groups of 15 samples each. Each group was assigned a commercially available crown and group II was assigned the new rainbow crown. They were all subjected to universal mechanical testing machine.

Results : Group I has maximum  value for tensile and compressive strength. The post hoc tukey analysis confirmed that there was no statistical difference between other variables for all the groups.

Conclusion : All the four brands of SSC had similar fracture resistance. Further study with big sample size is needed to evaluate their performance under cyclical and multiaxial force loads.
Comparative evaluation of push out bond strength of three different shapes of fibre posts: with and without silanisation : an in vitro study.
Authors: Dr. Ruchi Agrawal
Published: June 2023

Aim: To evaluate and compare the push out bond strength of tapered, parallel tapered and double tapered epoxy resin fibre posts with two different surface treatments.

Methodology: A total of 48 samples were taken for the study. All the samples were decoronated. Biomechanical preparation was done and samples were obturated with 6% GP. The samples were stored for 48 hours thus allowing sealer to polymerise. These 48 samples were divided in 3 groups : tapered, parallel tapered, double tapered posts. Among these 8 samples treated with silane and 8 were without silanisation. Both post systems were cemented using Luxacore dual cure resin material. All specimens were stored for 24hrs in distilled water. Each specimen was cut horizontally into 5 sections each of 2mms and leaving a apical seal of 5mms. The first, third and fifth slices were used for the study. They were termed as coronal, middle and apical respectively. The push out bond strength was tested using the UTM (Instron). A push out test was applied at speed of 0.5mm/min with a 1mm diameter plunger from apical to coronal direction.

Results: The results of the present study showed that mean push out strength for double tapered postswere significantly greater than those for tapered post ¶llel tapered post. The mean retention values of the double tapered post, tapered & parallel tapered post were statistically different. The Double tapered post had the highest mean push out strength and this value was significantly higher than those of parallel & tapered post.

Conclusions: This study showed double tapered posts to have better retention than tapered and parallel posts.
Islamic household accounting: romance discussion in accounting curriculum
Authors: Septyan Krisno , Triyuwono Iwan , Rosidi Rosidi , Mulawarman Aji Dedi , Setiawan Achdiar Redy
Published: June 2023

Purpose - This study aims to formulate an Islamic household accounting model that should be part of the accounting curriculum.Method - The method used is grounded theory in constructivism. The first step is self-consciousness, then consideration of participants, followed by data collection, coding, and theory building. Data were collected from 22 informants, 19 of whom were already married whose educational background is in accounting and who were employed in accounting-related positions.Result - The results show that households consider that household accounting needs to be included in the formal accounting curriculum, while most of the heads of the household see it as not mandatory. Discussion revolves around household life, how love springs in the household all the way through, as well as an argument that household accounting must be put as a subject (of curriculum). It is also noted that communication in households must cover both material and spiritual aspects in order to pursue true happiness (a serenity state of a household or sakinah).Implication - Practically, household discussion in classrooms is mandatory for accounting students; this discussion serves as a foothold on how to lead a household life all the way through. Theoretically, for accountants, a household is a life priority in order to shape a better civilization.Originality - This topic of romance in the accounting curriculum has never been specifically addressed in classrooms of undergraduate accounting programs.
Digital accessibility in the context of preference for financial services
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Ivanov Viktor , Lvova Nadezhda ,   St. Petersburg State University, Saksonova Svetlana ,   University of Latvia, Lyukevich Igor ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: June 2023

The paper addresses the question of how digital access is related to the preference for financial services. The purpose of the research was to reveal the main types of interrelationships between digital and financial access by dividing and comparing countries with different corresponding characteristics. The research hypothesis suggested a negative correlation would exist between digital access and penetration of traditional financial services. To test this hypothesis, data from countries with advanced and developing markets were analyzed. The share of the population with Internet access was used as an indicator of digital access. To evaluate the availability of financial services, the IMF financial access index was considered. The countries were ranked by the level of digital and financial access, which allowed them to be divided into four groups according four sub-hypotheses: low financial and high digital penetration, high digital and financial penetration, low digital and high financial penetration, and low digital and financial penetration. The correlation analysis of the obtained data revealed a weak negative relationship between digital and financial access for each of the groups, and confirmed the tested hypotheses. It was concluded that digital access by itself is not a driver for expanding the availability of financial services, but it can contribute to innovative financial development through the formation of alternative financial services. This research contributes to the understanding of the ambiguous relationship between digital and financial access and, ultimately, to the criticism of the optimistic perception of digital finance, which has practical significance for financial regulation.
Network board capital and performance of international companies
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Teplykh Grigorii , Parshakov Petr ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics
Published: June 2023

The paper estimates the influence of links between boards of directors on corporate performance at the world level in the framework of network analysis. The vast majority of empirical papers on the topic analyses the case of isolated countries. The current study estimates the effect of networking in large companies at the international level. It enables a more correct construction of the network between directors and eliminates the influence of national specificity. We construct an international network of boards and calculate three alternative centrality metrics: degree, closeness, and betweenness. Then the econometric analysis is applied to estimate the effect of centrality on performance. We consider two dependent variables which are responsible for the long-term and short-term effects (correspondingly, M/B ratio and ROE). The effect of boards’ networking on firm outcomes is found to be positive on average for large global companies. This resultis robust to used centrality metrics and financial indicators.The influence of networking is found to be similar in the short and long term. We found that closeness centrality is the most important aspect of network capital for firm outcomes; degree has a moderate impact; the effects of betweenness are the weakest and statistically close to insignificant. The study contributes considerably to existing literature summarizing particular empirical evidences. Obtained findings also raise new theoretical issues and provide some useful practical implications.
Current approaches to resource risk-management of innovative projects
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Lukashov Nikolay
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this article is to develop a theoretical mechanism for planning free cash flows of an innovative project, provided that it is necessary to ensure a highly probable possibility of its implementation. The review of special literature shows that the problem of resource risk management of investment projects in the world economic practice is not new, but the methodological apparatus of project risk management is not sufficiently developed. The result of applying the method of induction in the analysis of the General theory of project risk management terms the planned commercialization of innovation, identified areas of possible application of effort in the management of project risks in investment planning implementation of innovations, the main of which is recognized as a building of special reserve funds within the project budget for the relief of consequences of the possible manifestations related risks. Alternative methods for justifying the values of risk reserve funds for cash flows from operating activities and capital expenditures were created by means of an essential analysis and an actual methodology for constructing the values of risk reserve funds. Using classical deduction to previously obtained results, an algorithm for planning free cash flows of an innovative project was developed and formalized, provided that it is necessary to ensure a highly probable possibility of its implementation. The algorithm for accounting for project risks has been tested on practical material. The results of the study are not only of theoretical and methodological significance, but also have a high practical significance. The scope of their application is not limited to the use of high — tech innovations in the framework of investment design. They can and should be used in all cases when it is necessary to reliably achieve the priority goals set by the initiators of risky investments in the real sector of the economy in the future.
Big cities of Russia and their suburbs as centers of attraction of internal migrants
Authors:   HSE University, Mkrtchyan Nikita V. , Gilmanov Ruslan I. ,   Rosstat, Department of Population and Health Statistics
Published: June 2023

Big cities and their suburbs are the main centers of attraction for internal Russian migrants, pulling the population from peripheral territories. Based on detailed data on internal Russian migration for 2011-2020. the scale of net migration is estimated in Moscow, St. Petersburg and five groups of cities with a population of 100 thousand inhabitants or more, and their suburbs. The size of the suburbs depends on the population of the cities - the larger it is, the greater the distance the cities extend their influence and, accordingly, the greater the radius of the allocation of suburbs. The number of inhabitants of cities and their suburbs is determined on the basis of the 2010 population census data, based on the distance from the city center, near, middle and far suburbs are distinguished. It is estimated that 89.6 million people lived in major cities and their suburbs (2010). The process of population concentration continued. The migration growth of Big cities and their suburbs is comparable in size, and suburbs are significantly larger in intensity than cities. The suburbs of regional capitals and largest cities have the most intensive migration growth. The nearest suburbs of cities grow most intensively due to migration. Every year, Big cities lose 40-50 thousand people in migration with their suburbs. We are not inclined to consider this evidence of the process of suburbanization, the main role is played by the sprawl of cities and the attractiveness of living in the maximum transport accessibility to their centers. Migration in the suburbs that are formed near Moscow and St. Petersburg deserves further study.
Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of bioindication methods in monitoring environmental studies in St Petersburg
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Opekunova Marina G. , Nikulina Anna R. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Smeshko Irina V. ,   Pacific State University, Kirichenko Valeria S. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the research is to evaluate the effectiveness of bioindication methods in determining the state of the environment in St. Petersburg on the example of Vasileostrovsky and Pushkinsky districts. The content of chemical elements in soils, poplar bark Populus balsamifera, Tilia cordata and Betula pendula leaves, moss (Sphagnum angustifolium) and lichen (Cladonia stellaris) traps was studied, the integral index of fluctuating asymmetry of linden leaves T. cordata and birch B. pendula was calculated, soil biotesting using Daphnia magna and Chlorella vulgaris was carried out. It is established that the main sources of pollution of the urban environment are motor transport, the Baltic plant in Vasileostrovsky district and the industrial zones "Shushary" and "Pushkinskaya" in Pushkin district. The territory of the park zone of the Pushkin district can be considered as a conditional background for environmental monitoring. The use of fluctuating asymmetry of tree species leaves in bioindication studies is recommended only in conjunction with the results of chemical analysis. Poplar bark seems to be the most convenient bioindicator for assessing environmental pollution over a long period, the chemical composition of the leaves of tree species (linden T. cordata and birch B. pendula) reflects information about the intake of pollutants during one growing season, analysis of the chemical composition of moss and lichen traps allows you to determine the intake of pollutants in a relatively short period of time and identify sources of pollution. To assess the ecological state of the urban environment on the basis of the Harrington desirability function, an integral bioindication parameter BIP has been developed, taking into account the degree of transformation of individual environmental components under the influence of anthropogenic load: a change in the chemical composition of plants relative to clark (background) values; the manifestation of fluctuating asymmetry of tree species leaves compared to the norm. The effectiveness of BIP application for geoecological assessment of the state of the environment in cities is shown.
Transformation of business models of large Russian firms under internationalization and institutional changes
Authors:   Graduate School of Business, HSE University, Selezneva Aleksandra I.
Published: June 2023

Goal: to identify strategic responses of large Russian companies running international activities to changes of situational factors in their external environment and subsequent transformation of their business models. Methodology: empirical basis of the article consists of primary data obtained through interviews conducted with representatives of large Russian corporations, and secondary data from open sources, corporate reports and media publications. Findings: the author formulated three assumptions that emphasize different business model blocks: the one with the highest competitive advantage concentration, the one with concentration of a company’s activities in the home market, and the one that is most subject to institutional changes. Contribution of the author: the study results form new approaches within the framework of institutional theory and represent a further step toward understanding a process of business model transformation of Russian companies under significant institutional changes.
The specifics of the top managers competencies in Russia: Case of the contest “Leaders of Russia”
Authors:   ANO “Russia — Country of Opportunities”, RANEPA, Komissarov Alexei G. , Bryzgalin Victor A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University; Institute for National Projects
Published: June 2023

Goal: to identify differences in the level of competency development among senior management personnel in Russia compared to other job groups. Methodology: the empirical research was based on competency assessments from the Leaders of Russia competition and consisted in identifying factors determining the level of competency development (including the role of the position held) using regression analysis. Findings: we show that when controlling for other factors senior management cadres (“top executives”) have higher values of intellectual abilities and managerial potential than other job groups, higher scores on social and communication competencies, leadership motivation and perseverance, but lower scores on decision-making speed. The size of an organization is one of the key factors related to the level of competence development in different job groups: on average, managers of large organizations have a higher level of competence development than managers of small organizations. Originality and contribution of the authors: such an assessment of the level of competence development of senior management staff in Russia on a sample of more than several thousand people has been carried out for the first time. The results obtained contribute to the literature on leadership theory and the upper echelons theory and can be used to improve training and professional development programs for top management personnel.
The origin of Russian absolutism in the context of the military revolution theory
Authors:   Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nefedov Sergey Alexandrovich
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the interpretation of socio-political processes during the reign of Ivan the Terrible from the standpoint of the theory of military revolution. Following the well-known work of B. Downing, the author identifies ten stages in the evolution of the medieval monarchy to militarybureaucratic absolutism. Such cases are described in the history of the Scandinavian states. Further, the socio-political processes of the times of Ivan the Terrible are analyzed from the point of view of their correspondence to the distinguished steps. It is concluded that these processes follow the scheme of B. Downing. The starting point of development is the medieval monarchy, in which the power of the suzerain is limited to assemblies (conditionally, «parliaments»), where aristocrats predominate, managing the resources of their land holdings. The military revolution downgrades the importance of chivalry and requires the creation of a large army of firearms-wielding mercenary infantrymen. Funding a new army requires a reallocation of resources to the detriment of the aristocracy. The «Parliaments» resist these demands, and a conflict ensues between the monarchs and the aristocracy. The new army ensures the victory of the monarchs. Monarchs abolish «parliaments» or deprive them of real powers. The victorious monarchs subdue the nobility, take away some of its resources. Reforms are being carried out, a new financial system is being created. A new bureaucracy is being created, and commoners are recruited for positions. The nobility is trying to fit into these new structures by taking office positions. Taking into account the criticism of the concept of «absolutism» in the context of the possibility of informal compromises between the monarch and the aristocracy, the author confines himself to considering cases where such compromises obviously could not have happened, when the monarch completely subordinated the aristocracy. The author notes that this conclusion is preliminary, and the problem requires further detailed research.
Ethnic stereotypes of the Ukrainians (Little Russians) and Belarusians (Belorussians) in the visual texts in Russian culture in the second half of the 19th century: Issues of interpretations
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sсiences, Leskinen Maria Voittovna
Published: June 2023

The article analyzes a number of visual representations of «Little Russians» / «Malorusy» (Ukrainians) and Belarusians («Belorussians» / «White Russians»), which were addressed to a wide range of Russian society in the 1860s – 1900s and which were formed under the influence of literature, scientific and popular ethnographies descriptions and text-books. These visual texts were creating the stereotypical images of peoples / nations (so as of the Russian people) in mass consciousness the Russian Empire. The works that are accessible primarily by the mass audience (genre canvases, book illustrations, magazine lithographs, advertisements, posters, postcards etc) are analyzed in context of ethnic stereotypes (of «Little Russians» / «Malorusy» (Ukrainians) and of «Belorussians» / «White Russians» (Belarusians)) reflections. The author is considered some methodological problems deals with stereotypes’ researching in the field of the identification of «the Russian people» as the unity of Great Russians, Little Russians and White Russians during imperial nation-building. Complications of interpreting visual ethnic images are also due to the differences of discourse of the Ukrainian and Belarusian identities history and national movements in the Russian Empire of the 19th century. In particular, Ukrainian Soviet and modern historiography considers many artists to the pantheon of national culture. But if we accept such attributions, it turns out that stereotypes of the «others» (the heterostereotypes of Little Russians / Ukrainians) turns out to be their auto stereotypes. If we proceed from the assumptions that the creators of the images belonged to the Russian («all-Russian») culture, the questions arise did they interpret them as specifically ethnic, or as the embodiment of regional / gender or only the social (the peasant) variations?
“The land… somewhat distant from the Monarch’s view”: Central Russia in the first half of the XIX centurury
Authors:   Research Laboratory on the History of Russian Regions, Department of Humanities, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Boltunova Ekaterina Mikhailovna
Published: June 2023

The articles examines the history of Central Russia, or what was known as the governorates of Greater Russia (velikorusskiye / velikorossiyskiye gubernii), in the first half of the 19th century, during the reigns of Alexander I and Nicholas I. The author starts with focusing on the naming of the region and tracing its borders – both as it appeared in research discourses and in the rising language of the authorities. Following on with a look at the new practices of administration and the language of symbols, the author concludes that the region was steadily marginalized both in the “outside gaze” and even in the region’s selfidentification. The author suggests that over time this perception of Central Russia crystallized into a mental construct which largely survived numerous regime changes from the Russian Empire to the USSR to Post-Soviet Russia. A case for studying the administration of the territories is found in Alexander I’s project of governorates general (as it was put in practice in Greater Russia and then dismantled under Nicholas I). Special attention is paid to the work of governors general A. D. Balashov and A. N. Bakhmetev, most notably to the latter’s memorandum “On the advantage of and need for governors general” (1826). The document explores reasons for preserving the institute of governorates general in the Russian Empire’s hinterlands. The article also presents an overview of the research field as it can be applied to studying Central Russia as compared to the body of literature on the history of Russia’s other macro-regions.
Historical writing practices in the space of intercultural interaction
Authors:   Institute of World History, Russian Academy of Sciences, Repina Lorina Petrovna ,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: June 2023

Over the past half century, historical science has experienced a series of “turns”, enriched with new approaches, which has led to qualitative changes in the subject field and research issues, in the structure of historical knowledge, in the practices of historical writing and professional self-awareness of historians. In this context, actual historiographic studies acquires a new status. At the heart of professional historical culture, a special type of collective memory is found, with characteristic values (primarily the requirement of reliability) and means of communication, both within one’s own community and with society as a whole and with representatives of another culture. We are talking about an attempt to analyze and comprehend the specific features of historiographic texts created in different chronotopes in the conditions of intense contacts and confrontation between emerging and mutually affirmed national and cultural identities. On the other hand, as a result of the so-called spatial turn, the most striking manifestation of which was the formation of interdisciplinary research fields of global, new world and new regional history, the focus of researchers was communication processes covering the development of relationships in the world over the past half millennium. Such a history appears today not only as a set of empirical studies that overcome the limited horizons of individual national-state histories, but also as a fan of differently defined macrohistorical approaches – as transnational history, histoire croisée, connected history, etc. The focus of transnational research is complex multicultural formations or various forms of other cultural communities that are in more or less close relationships. The main thing in this strategy of studying two or more related objects belonging to different cultures is to take into account the subjectivity and activity of all aspects of interaction. It also raises the question of overcoming latent exclusivity in the current intercultural discourse and the possibility of a new integrating conception, capable of covering the history of mankind, taking into account the differences in cultural traditions and ways of historical thinking.
Severus of Antioch’s idea of transforming the theological language from Triadology to Christology and its critique in Leontius of Byzantium’s treatise “Refutation of syllogisms of Severus”. Part three
Authors:   Sociological Institute, Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nogovitsin Oleg N.
Published: June 2023

The given study is the third part of the article, which scrutinizes the idea of Severus of Antioch concerning which way, in the event of Christ’s incarnation, the meanings of the concepts of essence, nature, hypostasis, and person, which are the most important for representation of the theological sense of this event, are mystically transformed. Along with that, the polemics between the Chalcedonites and Severian Monophysites deployed on this idea, which is immediately represented in the third chapter of Leontius’ of Byzantium treatise “Refutation of syllogisms of Severus”, is taken into consideration. By its content, this chapter is split into two parts, each consisting of an argument of a Severian adversary of the Chalcedonite confession and a detailed refutation of this argument proposed by Leontius. While the content of the first half of the text is focused on the philosophical analysis of the problem of methodological adequacy of the very formulation of Severus’ idea both from the viewpoint of external philosophical wisdom and of theology. In the final, third part of the study, a detailed interpretation of the second part of the third chapter of Leontius’ treatise is proposed, where the argumentation of the Severians and Chalcedonites intended to solve the problem of the grammatical, philosophical and theological status of exegesis of Saint Fathers’ ambiguous expressions is represented together with the formulation of the method which would allow to exclude the homonymy present in these expressions.
Metropolitan Philaret (Drozdov) and the training of pastors in the Russian ecclesiastical school in the first half of the 19th century
Authors:   St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University, Druzhinin Andrei V.
Published: June 2023

The main focus of study is aimed at the development of institutional forms in 19th century Russian Empire. This period is the era of emperors Alexander I, Nicholas I and partly Alexander II — the time of rapid state, church and public institutions development. During this period clergy was becoming the subject of government regulation. The body of clergy itself is acquiring corporate features, and the number of clergies who have passed through educational institutions is growing. Theology is faced with a question that is still relevant to this day — how much the practice of preparing the clergy can correlate with the theological understanding of the priesthood? One of the solutions can be seen in activities and works of St. Philaret (Drozdov). Since the role of St. Filaret in this activity has not fully determined, therefore, the purpose of study is to clarify the role and results of St. Filaret’s educational activities, based on the analysis of the most complete corpus of sources. For this, an interdisciplinary approach i. e. combination of general scientific, special historical and theological methods was applied. The study allows us to establish: activities of St. Philaret in the context of preparation and comprehension of the pastor had a multi-vector complex character. Its results allow us to speak about the understanding by contemporaries of the problem of priesthood training and attempts to solve it, which, however, were not crowned with success. The experience of predecessors is certainly relevant today in the context of constant educational paradigms’ refinement.
Ginsenoside Rg1 Suppresses Ferroptosis of Renal Tubular Epithelial
Cells in Sepsis-induced Acute Kidney Injury via the FSP1-CoQ10-
NAD(P)H Pathway
Authors: Guo Jun , Chen Long , Ma Min
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury is related to an increased
mortality rate by modulating ferroptosis through ginsenoside Rg1. In this study, we explored
the specific mechanism of it.

Methods:

Human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) were transfected with oe-ferroptosis
suppressor protein 1 and treated with lipopolysaccharide for ferroptosis induction, and
they were then treated with ginsenoside Rg1 and ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 inhibitor.
Ferroptosis suppressor protein 1, CoQ10, CoQ10H2, and intracellular NADH levels in
HK-2 cells were assessed by Western blot, ELISA kit, and NAD/NADH kit.
NAD+/NADH ratio was also calculated, and 4-Hydroxynonal fluorescence intensity was
assessed by immunofluorescence. HK-2 cell viability and death were assessed by CCK-8
and propidium iodide staining. Ferroptosis, lipid peroxidation, and reactive oxygen species
accumulation were assessed by Western blot, kits, flow cytometry, and C11
BODIPY 581/591 molecular probe. Sepsis rat models were established by cecal ligation
and perforation to investigate whether ginsenoside Rg1 regulated the ferroptosis suppressor
protein 1-CoQ10-NAD(P)H pathway in vivo.

Results:

LPS treatment diminished ferroptosis suppressor protein 1, CoQ10, CoQ10H2,
and NADH contents in HK-2 cells, while facilitating NAD+/NADH ratio and relative 4-
Hydroxynonal fluorescence intensity. FSP1 overexpression inhibited lipopolysaccharideinduced
lipid peroxidation in HK-2 cells via the ferroptosis suppressor protein 1-CoQ10-
NAD(P)H pathway. The ferroptosis suppressor protein 1-CoQ10-NAD(P)H pathway suppressed
lipopolysaccharide-induced ferroptosis in HK-2 cells. Ginsenoside Rg1 alleviated
ferroptosis in HK-2 cells by regulating the ferroptosis suppressor protein 1-CoQ10-
NAD(P)H pathway. Moreover, ginsenoside Rg1 regulated the ferroptosis suppressor protein
1-CoQ10-NAD(P)H pathway in vivo.

Conclusion:

Ginsenoside Rg1 alleviated sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by blocking
renal tubular epithelial cell ferroptosis via the ferroptosis suppressor protein 1-CoQ10-
NAD(P)H pathway.
Evaluation of Main Lacrimal Gland through Shear-wave Ultrasound
Elastography in Patients with Low Schirmer Value
Authors: Yılmaz Hakan , Güneş İrfan Botan
Published: June 2023

Objective:

To compare main lacrimal gland values through shear-wave elastography (SWE) in patients with low Schirmer value and unspecified Sjögren's syndrome (SS) with healthy controls.

Material and Methods:

Admitted to the ophthalmology department with Schirmer value <10 mm, randomly selected 46 eyes of 46 patients evaluated for Sjögren's syndrome (SS) in the rheumatology department between December 2022 and April 2023 were classified as low Schirmer group (LSG). Randomly selected 48 eyes of 48 patients at a similar age with Schirmer value >10 mm were included as controls. Main lacrimal gland SWE measurements in LSG and control groups were recorded and compared as meter/second (m/sec).

Results:

Mean SWE values of the main lacrimal gland were measured as 2.78±0.66 m/sec and 2.26±0.29 m/sec in LSG and controls. SWE measurements were significantly higher in LSG patients than in controls (p<0.001). No significant correlation was found in the analysis between the Schirmer and the main lacrimal gland SWE values in LSG patients (p=0.702, r=0.058). No significant correlation was also detected between the Schirmer and main lacrimal gland SWE values in controls (p=0.097, r=0.242). No significant relationship was also found between age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and SWE values (p=0.351, p=0.493, p=0.328, respectively).

Conclusion:

Mean SWE value of the main lacrimal gland was determined as significantly higher in patients with aqueous lacrimal insufficiency without SS than in controls. We consider that SWE measurements may be an imaging method to support the diagnosis of aqueous lacrimal insufficiency and used in follow-ups of those with dry eye syndrome (DES) in the future.
Synthesis and Characterization of Epigallocatechin Gallate-mediated
Hydroxyapatite
Authors: Dinesh Hanish , Sundar Sandhya , Kannan Saranya , Ramadoss Ramya , Selvam Suganya Panneer , Ramani Pratibha
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Hydroxyapatite is a significant material that finds its application in the field of
dental and bone tissue engineering.

Methods:

The formulation of nanohydroxyapatite with the aid of bioactive compounds has gained importance
in recent years due to the beneficial activity contributed by them. The present work focuses on
the formulation of nanohydroxyapatite synthesis using epigallocatechin gallate, an active biochemical
component of green tea.

Results:

The prepared epigallocatechin gallate-mediated nanohydroxyapatite (epi-HAp) was nanoglobular
in shape and composed of calcium, phosphorous, carbon and oxygen, which was confirmed by
Scanning electron microscope- energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX). The Attenuated Total Reflection-
Infra red spectroscopy (ATR-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) assured that the
reduction and stabilisation of nanohydroxyapatite were mediated by epigallocatechin gallate.

Conclusion:

The epi-HAp exhibited anti-inflammatory behaviour along with nil effect on cytotoxicity.
To be precise, the epi-HAp can be an effective biomaterial in bone and dental applications.