bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypereosinophilic Syndrome Secondary to Ulcerative Colitis and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Authors: Ramos Davi Viana , Dotta Diogo Delgado , Barros Luísa Leite
Published: January 2023

Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare condition characterized by hypereosinophilia in peripheral blood or tissue infiltrate and organ damage. HES has been associated with several diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), especially ulcerative colitis (UC). In this report, we describe a case of a UC and primary sclerosing cholangitis patient who was diagnosed with HES and severe cardiovascular and neurological injury. During hospitalization, an extensive diagnostic workup was performed and secondary causes of hypereosinophilia were ruled out. The patient was treated with glucocorticoids and full anticoagulation with significant clinical improvement and a marked reduction in the eosinophil count. In the literature, hypereosinophilia in the IBD population has been related to the severity of the disease and worse prognosis. The high index of clinical suspicion and the accurate diagnosis of HES are essential to avoid delay in therapy and prevent complications.
Regression of Autoimmune Gastritis after Eradication of Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Kotera Tohru , Nishimi Yurika , Kushima Ryoji , Haruma Ken
Published: January 2023

We report a case of autoimmune gastritis (AIG) in which gastric mucosal atrophy improved with Helicobacter pylori eradication. Based on endoscopic findings (advanced gastric atrophy with vascular visibility and diffuse redness in remnant oxyntic mucosa), a woman in her 40s was suspected of having AIG coexisting with an active H. pylori infection. This was confirmed by a positive anti-parietal cell antibody (PCA, 1:160), an elevated serum gastrin level (638 pg/mL), and positive anti-H. pylori antibody (Hp Ab, 15.5 U/mL) and H. pylori stool antigen tests. Seven months after eradication, reduced vascular visibility and disappearance of diffuse redness on endoscopy and reduced PCA (1:40) and Hp Ab (5.1 U/mL) titers were observed, although histopathological findings (basal-predominant lymphocytic infiltration, destruction of parietal and chief cells, pseudopyloric metaplasia, and enterochromaffin-like cell hyperplasia) were consistent with AIG. Endoscopy 26 months after eradication showed further improvement in atrophic findings in the gastric corpus and histopathological recovery of parietal and chief cells in fundic glands. Serum gastrin levels returned to normal (64 pg/mL), and the PCA titer fell further (1:20).
Factors Related to Early Childhood Caries in 17- to 23-Month-Old Children in Aichi Prefecture, Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Chiba Madoka , Hashimoto Hiroko , Nonoyama Toshiya , Kito Hisanao , Oguri Chieko , Shimazaki Yoshihiro
Published: January 2023

Dental caries is the most prevalent of chronic oral conditions. We investigated child and parental factors associated with early childhood caries (ECC) in 17- to 23-month-old children in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. Of the 61,714 children who underwent a health examination at 18 months of age, 54,206 (27,860 males, 26,346 females) were included in the analysis. The parents of the children completed a self-administered questionnaire comprising items related to the child’s eating habits and lifestyle and the parent’s lifestyle and childcare factors. Logistic regression analyses were performed using ECC as the dependent variable, and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The prevalence of ECC was 0.8%. In the multivariate analysis, children who consumed sweetened beverages daily and snacked frequently had significantly higher ORs for ECC: 1.29 (95% CI: 1.05–1.59) and 1.49 (95% CI: 1.15–1.91), respectively. Bedtime breastfeeding and bottle-feeding were significantly associated with higher ORs for ECC: 4.88 (95% CI: 4.01–5.94) and 2.31 (95% CI: 1.72–3.10), respectively. Not eating breakfast daily and late bedtime were associated with high ORs for ECC: 1.41 (95% CI: 1.02–1.96) and 1.31 (95% CI: 1.05–1.64), respectively. The OR for ECC was significantly higher in children whose father was a smoker than in those whose father was not: 1.44 (95% CI: 1.18–1.76). The OR for ECC was significantly higher in children with no childcare adviser than in those with a childcare adviser: 1.67 (95% CI: 1.06–2.65). Children who had not been vaccinated had a significantly higher OR for ECC compared to children who had: 1.49 (95% CI: 1.14–1.94). These results imply the importance of enhancing parental guidance on the lifestyle habits of children and creating an environment in which parents can consult with others regarding parenting.
Identification of a Novel LysR Family Transcriptional Regulator Controlling Acquisition of Sulfur Sources in Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Pokhrel Alaska , Dinh Hue , Li Liping , Hassan Karl A. , Cain Amy K. , Paulsen Ian T.
Published: January 2023

l-cysteine biosynthesis from inorganic sulfur represents a major mechanism by which reduced sulfur is incorporated into organic compounds. Cysteine biosynthesis and regulation is well characterized in Escherichia coli. However, the regulation of sulfur metabolism in Acinetobacter baumannii is only partly understood, with the LysR-type regulator, GigC known to control some aspects of sulfur reduction. In this study, we have used transcriptomics and bioinformatic analyses to characterize a novel LysR-type transcriptional regulator encoded by ABUW_1016 (cbl), in a highly multidrug resistant and virulent isolate of A. baumannii. We have shown that Cbl is involved in controlling expression of the genes required for uptake and reduction of various sulfur sources in A. baumannii. Collectively, we have identified the global regulon of Cbl and proposed a model of cysteine biosynthesis and its regulation by Cbl and GigC in A. baumannii.
Aproximación a la subjetividad/otredad de los escolares movilizados
Authors:   Estudiante del Doctorado en Comunicación de la Universidad de la Frontera/Universidad Austral de Chile., Ceballos-Cifuentes Félix Alexander
Published: January 2023

El presente texto desarrolla una reflexión respecto a la manera como se manifiesta la subjetividad de las y los escolares chilenos en relación con la construcción de un sujeto discursivo en el marco de la relación antagónica y colaborativa durante las movilizaciones sociales del 2019, buscando comprenderla en relación con las percepciones del otro para sí y para los demás en el discurso público u oficial. Para ello se aborda la manera como ha sido comunicada en diferentes medios la movilización social y la participación de los escolares en ella.
Effect of exogenous emulsifier and different fat sources on the performance, carcass characteristics, nutrient digestibility, and serum lipid profile of broiler chickens
Authors: Tavares Fernando Barbosa , Lima Kedson Raul de Souza , Manno Maria Cristina , Barata Yan Matheus Leary , Pinheiro Higor César de Oliveira , Arruda Janaína de Cássia Braga , Faturi Cristian
Published: January 2023

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of an emulsifier on reduced-energy diets using two fat sources for broilers. The study was designed as a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatments. The first factor was 2 fat sources (poultry fat or beef tallow). The second factor was a basal diet with the recommended energy levels, a diet with a 0.83 MJ/kg of energy reduction, and a diet with an energy reduction and inclusion of 1 g emulsifier/kg of diet. The emulsifier used in this study was composed of soy lecithin and polyethylene glycol ricinoleate. The emulsifier increased apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn) in beef tallow diets compared to energy-reduced diets (P<0.001). Broilers fed poultry fat had higher weights and weight gains at 35 and 42 d of age (p=0.001), and they had higher daily deposition of fat in the carcass (P = 0.025) when compared to diets with beef tallow. The inclusion of emulsifiers in broiler diets improves AME and AMEn but did not affect the energy reduction diets, whichresulted in reduced performance, decreasing daily fat deposition, but without effects on serum lipid profile in broilers.
Os retirantes (1879), de José do Patrocínio: texto fundador da literatura da seca
Authors: Rocha Denise
Published: January 2023

O objetivo do estudo do romance Os Retirantes, publicado em 1879, é demonstrar que ele foi o introdutor do Realismo-Naturalismo no Brasil e da literatura da seca, que causou grande impacto nos escritores contemporâneos e naqueles da Geração de 1930. Para isso serão abordados dois aspectos: 1- A seca como fenômeno climático e social no Ceará: natureza depauperada; desagregação familiar; pessoas esquálidas, doentes ou mortas; saques aos comboios e aos armazéns com provisões alimentícias; ataques de bandidos; prostituição; assédio sexual de mulheres pobres; animalização humana e canibalismo; sacrifício de animal doméstico para alimentação; epidemias, emigração para outros estados, entre outros aspectos, e 2- As relações de poder em época de escassez de água e alimentos. A obra de José do Patrocínio (1853-1909), baseada em investigações sobre a seca, que ele fez no Ceará, fundou um tipo de literatura com elementos regionais e influenciou ambientes literários, culturais e sociais, será estudada pela perspectiva das “paisagens do medo”, de Yi-Fu Tuan.
Eu não voltava pra lá mas é nunca: Escrita como prática de vida na poesia de Estela Rosa
Authors: Riscado Caio Arnizaut
Published: January 2023

A partir do livro Cine Studio 33, de Estela Rosa, o artigo aborda a escrita como prática de vida para localizar um modo de estar no mundo compromissado com os encontros. A memória, a comunidade e suas personagens são tratadas como instâncias móveis que se reelaboram a partir de dinâmicas relacionais. Os poemas e a organização da publicação são lidos como materialidades sensíveis para propor a noção de “dramaturgia do livro” e identificar práticas de não pertencimento que marcam a inespecificidade como característica da produção literária contemporânea.
Atlântica: A literatura comparada entre margens oceânicas
Authors: Fazzini Luca
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo propõe pensar e discutir os desdobramentos contemporâneos da Literatura Comparada e dos Estudos Comparatistas através de uma abordagem diaspórica, ou seja, voltada para as experiências em trânsitos de autores e obras pelo espaço fluido do Atlântico. A partir dessas travessias oceânicas, o ensaio interroga os limites do paradigma nacional no estudo da literatura enquanto, ao mesmo tempo, pretende articular as tensões e propostas teóricas em torno do Atlantico Negro (Gilroy, 2012), com as subjacentes à teoria e à práxis comparativa. Tentar-se-á, desta forma, traçar as coordenadas de um comparativismo que questione (e ultrapasse) as persistências coloniais na contemporaneidade.
"Amora" – Uma possível narrativa de formação.
Authors: Santos Claudiana Gois dos
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo discute, com base em estudos da teoria do conto e do romance de formação, se o conceito de Bildungsroman seria adequado para análises de narrativas mais breves como o conto, mais especificamente, para a leitura do conto Amora, de Natalia Borges Polesso. A aplicação deste conceito, tradicionalmente voltado para o romance, é repensada aqui com base em dois pontos: o primeiro é a revisão do Bildungsroman feita por seguimentos da crítica feminista em relação ao tema e às personagens e o segundo, são às variações de forma em relação ao gênero conto, sobretudo quando se pensa na literatura produzida por escritoras brasileiras a partir da segunda metade do século XX.
"É muito bom poder remar contra a corrente acompanhada": entrevista com Daniela Wainer
Authors: Bento Oluwa Seyi Salles
Published: January 2023

Entrevista com Daniel Wainer, poeta e editora carioca.
População em Situação de Rua no Bairro da Mooca Durante a pandemia de COVID-19 no ano de 2020: trabalho, renda e modos de vida
Authors: Santos Ednan Silva
Published: January 2023

Este artigo é resultado de uma etnografi a com a população de rua do bairro da Mooca e do Belenzinho, na cidade de São Paulo, durante os meses de novembro de 2020 e janeiro e fevereiro de 2021. A etnografi a para esse trabalho foi realizada enquanto o Brasil atravessava a pandemia de Covid-19 e buscou entender quais foram os impactos na vida da população de rua durante a pandemia. O objetivo do artigo é apresentar o resultado dessa etnografi a. Foram realizadas três entrevistas semiestruturadas com um homem em situação de rua e duas mulheres em abrigo, além de utilizar relatos de campo. Os resultados apontam para a pandemia como potencializador dos problemas pré-existentes no cotidiano e na vida das pessoas em situação de rua na cidade de São Paulo, principalmente porque as efêmeras políticas públicas e os programas sociais destinados à população de rua (PopRua), durante a pandemia de Covid-19, caracterizam-se pela incapacidade de racionalizar os problemas sociais a partir da contextualização das necessidades específi cas desse grupo.
“O Evaristo é um modelo que a gente tá fazendo”: O seguro como política e como horror
Authors: Canheo Roberta Olivato
Published: January 2023

A partir da pesquisa realizada durante o mestrado, busco aprofundar neste artigo reflexões sobre a edificação do Presídio Evaristo de Moraes, classificado como seguro, como espaço de acolhimento para a população LGBT presa na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Assim, o objetivo é demonstrar a construção discursiva do seguro – por atores externos aos muros prisionais e ancorada em preceitos de direitos humanos – como uma política pública para uma população considerada vulnerável. A metodologia utilizada combina entrevistas semiestruturadas com atores institucionais, relatos etnográficos do período em que realizei visitas ao presídio e a análise qualitativa de resoluções, normativas,relatórios, dentre outros documentos que estabelecem diretrizes para o tratamento da população LGBT no Sistema Penitenciário do Rio de Janeiro. O artigo desnuda as contradições da edificação de um presídio em péssimas condições como um modelo de acolhimento para pessoas LGBT privadas de liberdade.
A trilogia Comando Sul, de Jeff Vandermeer: uma leitura no contexto do Antropoceno
Authors: Amaral George Augusto do
Published: January 2023

Este artigo pretende analisar a trilogia de romances de ficção especulativa Comando Sul (2014), de Jeff VanderMeer, à luz das teorias relacionadas ao Antropoceno, discutindo de que maneira os temas e dispositivos formais presentes nas obras, como o estranhamento e a metaficcionalidade, dialogam com as questões de ordem climática, ecológica e filosófica, possibilitando a reflexão a respeito da realidade contemporânea e os desafios da crise ambiental.
Ficção científica, criação teatral e primeira infância: percurso adaptativo do conto Sonhos de Robô
Authors: Alencar-Reis Anna Cecília de , Silva Tatiana Pereira da , Santos Emerson Izidoro dos , Piassi Luís Paulo de Carvalho
Published: January 2023

Este estudo propõe e analisa uma possibilidade de adaptação da literatura de Ficção Científica em criação teatral para o público infantil, tomando como ponto de reflexão e articulação as relações estabelecidas entre aspectos literários e artísticos do conto “Sonhos de Robô”, as particularidades da infância, o contato com o pensamento crítico sobre ciência e tecnologia, e as potencialidades narrativas em relação à Educação em Ciência.
Equipe de ajuste, de Philip K. Dick: do conto à adaptação no filme Os Agentes do Destino
Authors: Valenzuela Sandra Trabucco
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo estuda o conto Equipe de Ajuste (Adjustment Team), escrito em 1954 por Philip K. Dick, e sua transposição para o filme Os Agentes do Destino (The Adjustment Bureau), de 2011, escrito e dirigido por George Nolfi. No conto, Ed Fletcher e os demais personagens vivenciam seu cotidiano normalmente até que, de repente, por uma falha do “Plano”, Fletcher acaba vendo algo proibido que tem lugar na construção da chamada vida real, o que a coloca em xeque. Todo o conto trabalha com imagens presentes em nosso imaginário de um mundo organizado e perfeito com base numa construção formulada através dos desígnios divinos. Tal descoberta é pontuada por questões filosóficas como fé e livre-arbítrio, em oposição ao “Plano” ou à predestinação. Na narrativa fílmica, por sua vez, o par romântico tem sua realidade manipulada pelos “agentes do destino”, que tentam evitar o relacionamento entre um político promissor e uma bailarina, atuando como intermediários que manipulam as ações humanas com o objetivo de concretizar o “Plano” já estabelecido.
Invernos nucleares virão: caos e ruína no eterno futuro da guerra fria
Authors: Alves William Fernando de Souza , Rossi Aparecido Donizete
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo visa analisar o conto “Chuvas Suaves Virão”, do autor norteamericano Ray Bradbury. O conto, depois interpolado para formar a narrativa do livro As Crônicas Marcianas, descreve o fim da existência solitária da última casa automatizada em um cenário de holocausto nuclear. Com base nas teorias de autores como Julio Cortázar, Jorge Luis Borges e Tzvetan Todorov, será analisada a utilização feita pelo autor das ferramentas de antropomorfização e das paixões retóricas aristotélicas, de forma a contar uma narrativa de valores humanos e de luta de homem através de seus legados tecnológicos e sua permanência, frente à efemeridade da biologia humana.
Katherine Mansfield canta no oceano profundo
Authors: Funke Katherine
Published: January 2023

Em janeiro de 2023, completam-se cem anos da morte de Katherine Mansfield. Embora 62 de seus poemas tenham sido publicados sob o título Poems, já no ano de sua morte, e dezenas outros tenham vindo à tona em 1990, até totalizarem os 217 reunidos em The Collected Poems of Katherine Mansfield (2016), nenhuma editora brasileira lançou ainda um volume de poesia mansfieldiana. Estudos de tradução publicados de modo esparso têm trazido para o arquivo acessível de modo online poemas avulsos ou em série. Mas ainda não houve a edição brasileira de um título como, na Argentina, Pájaro de invierno (Maravilla), antologia bilíngue premiada pela Asociación de Literatura Infantil y Juvenil de la Argentina (ALIJA), na categoria de melhor livro traduzido do período de 2020–2021. Também na Argentina surgiu em 2006 a antologia bilíngue Té de manzanilla y outros 29 poemas (Bajolaluna), reeditada em 2018. Por aqui, o mercado editorial apenas relança os contos da escritora, quase sempre os mesmos (embora em novas traduções), ignorando também neste gênero parte de sua produção. Este artigo propõe pensar o que este panorama informa sobre o modo como o arquivo de Katherine Mansfield tem circulado no Brasil.
A arquitetura e a associação criativa na elaboração da escrita
Authors: Panichi Edina Regina Pugas
Published: January 2023

Este trabalho pretende analisar um trecho de Beira-Mar/memórias 4, do memorialista Pedro Nava, refazendo seu caminho para descrever o esqueleto humano, com base nas radiografias utilizadas pelo médico-escritor como gatilhos detonadores da imaginação. Os substantivos e adjetivos referentes às partes do corpo vêm das semelhanças com a arquitetura, porque, além de médico, Nava era também artista plástico, ainda que amador. Considerando a escolha dos substantivos e adjetivos, bem como o caminho para a produção do texto, utilizaremos como aporte teórico a Crítica Genética e a Estilística, que permitem compreender e reconstruir o trabalho de elaboração, as intenções e os objetivos do autor.
O grau zero da escritura: Roland Barthes em Combat
Authors: Pereira Fúvia Fernandes
Published: January 2023

Em 1946, depois de uma longa temporada recluso por conta de uma tuberculose, Roland Barthes se vê às voltas com a efervescente atmosfera intelectual francesa de meados do século XX. Atraído pela literatura desde os tempos do liceu e atento aos debates que emergiam na imprensa e na academia, publica em 1947, na página literária do jornal Combat, um artigo intitulado “O grau zero da escritura”. Lançado em 1953, o primeiro livro de Barthes, de mesmo título, foi organizado tendo como ponto de partida alguns artigos publicados nas páginas de Combat em 1947, 1950 e 1951. Neste artigo, faremos uma leitura desses textos com o objetivo de compreender algumas das permanências e transformações tecidas na composição de seu primeiro livro, onde encontramos uma história dos signos literários e um debate em direção à nova crítica literária francesa.
Cara de ladrão: Um breve ensaio sobre desarticulações ao colonialismo a partir do conto "As teorias do Dr. Caruru" de Lima Barreto
Authors: Alves Gabriel Reis Santos
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo a análise sobre as desarticulações ao colonialismo expressadas pelo autor brasileiro Lima Barreto em seu conto As teorias do Dr. Caruru, tecendo por intermédio de uma narrativa linguístico-científica maneiras possíveis para o desmonte ideológico produzido pelo cientificismo europeu, intrínseco no âmbito cultural, através das teorias raciais, consideradas ainda na atualidade sob o ponto de vista dos sujeitos criminalizados, erguendo a expressão “cara de ladrão” intermediada por tais teorizações médicas fundantes do racismo estrutural em vias socio-criminais, penais e da construção imagética do sujeito negro a partir de suas características fenotípicas. Tal estudo apresenta resultados que relacionam-se diretamente com as problemáticas socio-culturais enfrentadas atualmente pela população negra no Brasil, tendo como resultantes da proposta enunciada um diagnóstico histórico-cultural paralelo as impregnações das pseudociências de raça nos processos construtivos de fomentos culturais brasileiros, que integram fundamentalmente o conhecimento sobre a nação em sua esfera identitária, através da criticidade apontada pela revisão bibliográfica de tais objetos abordados e seus campos discursivos, buscando flagrar suas características e relações. A análise promovida realça a necessidade de materiais teórico-metodológicos esquivos, que empenhem uma reconfiguração das margens destas produções culturais através da fabricação de saberes do absolutismo científico eurocentrificado.
Cochlear Theta Activity Oscillates in Phase Opposition during Interaural Attention
Authors: Köhler Moritz Herbert Albrecht , Weisz Nathan
Published: January 2023

It is widely established that sensory perception is a rhythmic process as opposed to a continuous one. In the context of auditory perception, this effect is only established on a cortical and behavioral level. Yet, the unique architecture of the auditory sensory system allows its primary sensory cortex to modulate the processes of its sensory receptors at the cochlear level. Previously, we could demonstrate the existence of a genuine cochlear theta (∼6-Hz) rhythm that is modulated in amplitude by intermodal selective attention. As the study's paradigm was not suited to assess attentional effects on the oscillatory phase of cochlear activity, the question of whether attention can also affect the temporal organization of the cochlea's ongoing activity remained open. The present study utilizes an interaural attention paradigm to investigate ongoing otoacoustic activity during a stimulus-free cue–target interval and an omission period of the auditory target in humans. We were able to replicate the existence of the cochlear theta rhythm. Importantly, we found significant phase opposition between the two ears and attention conditions of anticipatory as well as cochlear oscillatory activity during target presentation. Yet, the amplitude was unaffected by interaural attention. These results are the first to demonstrate that intermodal and interaural attention deploy different aspects of excitation and inhibition at the first level of auditory processing. Whereas intermodal attention modulates the level of cochlear activity, interaural attention modulates the timing.
What Is (Insurgent) Universality?
Authors: Tomba Massimiliano
Published: January 2023

In my response to Harry Harootunian, Aldo Beretta, Rebecca Fritzl, Niklas Plaetzer, and Vanita Seth, I discuss some of the terms that constitute the theoretical plot of my book: insurgent, universality, temporality. I also discuss the methodology of my work and the difference between radical democracy, insurgent democracy, and what I call the democratic excess. Eventually, in my response to Seth, I show how the work method of Insurgent Universality is maximally distant from any ontological discourse.
Molecular systematic analysis demonstrates that the threatened southern bell frog, Litoria raniformis (Anura: Pelodryadidae) of eastern Australia, comprises two sub-species
Authors: VÖRÖS JUDIT , WASSENS SKYE , PRICE LUKE , HUNTER DAVID , MYERS STEVEN , ARMSTRONG KYLE , MAHONY MICHAEL J. , DONNELLAN STEPHEN
Published: January 2023

In south-eastern Australia, the pelodryadid Litoria aurea Group (sensu Tyler & Davies 1978) comprises three species: Litoria aurea (Lesson, 1829), Litoria raniformis (Keferstein, 1867), and Litoria castanea (Steindachner, 1867). All three species have been subject to declines over recent decades and taxonomic uncertainty persists among populations on the tablelands in New South Wales. We address the systematics of the Group by analysing mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences to assess divergence in the Litoria raniformis from across its current range in New South Wales (NSW), Victoria, South Australia (SA) and Tasmania. We also included samples of Litoria castanea from a recently rediscovered population in the southern tablelands of NSW. Our phylogenetic and population genetic analyses show that Litoria raniformis comprises northern and southern lineages, showing deep mitochondrial DNA sequence divergence (7% net average sequence divergence) and can be diagnosed by fixed allelic differences at more than 4,000 SNP loci. Samples of the northern lineage were collected from the Murray-Darling Basin while those of the southern lineage were collected from south-eastern South Australia, southern and south-eastern Victoria and Tasmania. Analysis of the morphology and bioacoustics did not unequivocally delineate the two lineages. The presence of a hybrid backcross individual in western Victoria at the northern margin of the southern lineage, leads us to assign sub-species status to the two lineages, L. r. raniformis for the northern lineage and L. r. major for the southern lineage. Our data do not unequivocally resolve the taxonomic status of L. castanea which will require molecular genetic analyses of museum vouchers from those parts of the range where L. castanea and L. raniformis are no longer extant. Our data also suggest that human mediated movement of frogs may have occurred over the past 50 years. Our genotyping of vouchers collected in the 1970s from the Mount Lofty Ranges in South Australia detected mitochondrial haplotypes of both sub-species and SNP analysis showed that a single Tasmanian specimen was a backcross with L. r. raniformis ancestry. Movement of L. r. raniformis into Tasmania and both sub-species into the Mount Lofty Ranges are not likely due to passive movements of animals through agricultural commerce, but due to the attractiveness of the species as pets and subsequent escapes or releases, potentially of the larval life stage.
Emulating Rainfall-Runoff-Inundation Model using Deep Neural Network with Dimensionality Reduction
Authors: Momoi Masahiro , Kotsuki Shunji , Kikuchi Ryota , Watanabe Satoshi , Yamada Masafumi , Abe Shiori
Published: January 2023

Predicting the spatial distribution of maximum inundation depth (depth-MAP) is important for the mitigation of hydrological disasters induced by extreme precipitation. However, physics-based rainfall-runoff-inundation (RRI) models, which are used operationally to predict hydrological disasters in Japan, require massive computational resources for numerical simulations. Here, we aimed at developing a computationally inexpensive deep learning model (Rain2Depth) that emulates an RRI model. Our study focused on the Omono River (Akita Prefecture, Japan) and predicted the depth-MAP from spatial and temporal rainfall data for individual events.

Rain2Depth was developed based on a convolutional neural network (CNN), and predicts depth-MAP from 7-day successive hourly rainfall at 13 rain gauge stations in the basin. For training the Rain2Depth, we simulated the depth-MAP by the RRI model forced by 50-ensembles of 30-year data from large-ensemble weather/climate predictions. Instead of using the input and output data directly, we extracted important features from input and output data with two dimensionality reduction techniques (principal component analysis (PCA) and the CNN approach) prior to training the network. This dimensionality reduction aimed to avoid overfitting caused by insufficient training data. The nonlinear CNN approach was superior to the linear PCA for extracting features. Finally, Rain2Depth was architected by connecting the extracted features between input and output data through a neural network.

Rain2Depth-based predictions were more accurate than predictions from our previous model (K20), which used ensemble learning of multiple regularized regressions for a specific station. Whereas the K20 can predict maximum inundation depth only at stations, our study achieved depth-MAP prediction by training only the single model Rain2Depth.
Exploring Influences of Shallow Topography in Stable Boundary Layers: The SAVANT Field Campaign
Authors: Hiscox April , Bhimireddy Sudheer , Wang Junming , Kristovich David A. R. , Sun Jielun , Patton Edward G. , Oncley Steve P. , Brown William O. J.
Published: January 2023

Stable boundary layers are still a relatively problematic component of atmospheric modeling, despite their frequent occurrence. While general agreement exists that Monin–Obukhov similarity is not applicable in the stable boundary layer (SBL) due to the nonhomogeneous, nonstationary flow, no universal organizing theory for the surface SBL has been presented. The Stable Atmospheric Variability and Transport (SAVANT) field campaign took place in the fall of 2018 to explore under what conditions shallow drainage flow is generated. The campaign took place in an agricultural setting and covered the period of both pre- and postharvest, allowing for not only a basic exploration of the boundary layer but also a robust dataset for applied agricultural understanding of aerosol dispersion and impacts of changes in surface cover on drainage flows. This article provides a description of the field campaign. Examples of publicly available data products are presented, as well as examples of shallow drainage flow and corresponding lidar measurements of dispersion. Additionally, the field campaign was used to provide educational opportunities for students from several disciplines, and the outcomes of these joint educational ventures are discussed as models for future collaborations.
Interannual Variability of the Wintertime Asian–Bering–North American Teleconnection Linked to Eurasian Snow Cover and Maritime Continent Sea Surface Temperature
Authors: Zhong Wogu , Wu Zhiwei
Published: January 2023

Recent studies propose that the Asian–Bering–North American (ABNA) teleconnection is a distinct atmospheric pattern that is related to Eurasian and North American winter climate besides the Pacific–North America (PNA) pattern, while its origin remains elusive. This study investigates the interannual variability of the ABNA during the past 42 winters (1979–2020) and the associated prior surface boundary forcings. The ABNA explains coherent surface air temperature changes in northern Asia, eastern Siberia–Alaska, and eastern North America, even after removing the impacts of the PNA, the Arctic Oscillation, the North Atlantic Oscillation, and the North Pacific Oscillation. Surface boundary conditions linked to the ABNA could be traced back to a Eurasian snow cover dipole pattern (ESCDP) and a Maritime Continent sea surface temperature anomaly (MCSST) in November. The ESCDP leads to a displacement of the Arctic stratospheric polar vortex via troposphere–stratosphere coupling. The anomalous polar vortex propagates downward in the following winter and generates the tropospheric ABNA pattern. The MCSST induces a diabatic heating anomaly, which is associated with a tropical western Pacific precipitation anomaly (TWPP) in winter. The TWPP excites a poleward Rossby wave train that propagates across the North Pacific and directly strengthens the ABNA. The above physical processes can be well reproduced by a linear baroclinic model (LBM). Based on the ESCDP and MCSST predictors, an empirical model is established and shows a promising prediction skill of the ABNA during the hindcast period. This can provide a useful strategy for seasonal prediction of winter climate in the Northern Hemisphere extratropics.

Significance Statement

Extreme cold events have influenced both Asian and North American continents during the past decades, causing huge socioeconomic impacts. The Asian–Bering–North American teleconnection is found to be responsible for coherent changes of winter climate in these two continents besides the Pacific–North America pattern. Our results indicate that Eurasian snow cover and the Maritime Continent sea surface temperature are important sources of predictability for the Asian–Bering–North American teleconnection, and can be used to predict coherent and cross-continent variations of winter surface air temperature. We propose that the Asian–Bering–North American teleconnection and these two predictors should be included in operational monitoring and prediction systems, helping to improve the prediction skill of winter climate in the Northern Hemisphere continents.
Past to Future Drylands in China: A Multimodel Analysis Using CMIP6 Simulations
Authors: Shi Jiawen , Tian Zhiping , Lang Xianmei , Jiang Dabang
Published: January 2023

Using the multimodel simulations from phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), we investigate the aridity changes in China and the associated mechanisms during the three geological periods of the Last Interglacial (LIG), Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), and mid-Holocene (MH), as well as the three future scenarios of the shared socioeconomic pathways of SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5. The aridity index is used to measure terrestrial moisture, which combines the effects of both precipitation and potential evapotranspiration (PET), with the latter representing the amount of water consumed by the atmosphere. The results show that relative to the preindustrial period, the total dryland area in China varies by −15%, 6%, and −13% during the LIG, LGM, and MH, respectively, and slightly varies in the three future scenarios. Over China, LGM dryland expansion and future dryland contraction are mainly attributed to precipitation changes, MH dryland contraction is mainly caused by PET changes, and LIG dryland contraction is comparably caused by PET and precipitation changes. For the LGM and three future scenarios, temperature is the leading factor of PET changes, while during the MH and LIG, the change in relative humidity is the main factor. In comparison, the simulated aridity changes in China are generally consistent with the reconstructed moisture changes for the three past periods, although uncertainties exist in reconstructions during the LGM and MH.
Symptomatic and Histological Tissue Reaction to Upper Eyelid Platinum Weight
Authors: Ghodke Ameer , Miller Kelsey M. , Miller Matthew Q.
Published: January 2023

Objectives:

To present a case of non-infectious platinum eyelid weight rejection, the first reported case in otolaryngology literature.

Methods:

A case of a non-infectious tissue reaction to a platinum eyelid weight was identified.

Results:

A platinum eyelid weight was placed in a 72-year-old female for paralytic lagophthalmos. The patient presented with persistent edema and skin discoloration on post-operative day 8, though no drainage, tenderness, or other signs of infection were present. The weight was eventually explanted with rapid resolution of symptoms. Pathology demonstrated granulomatous inflammation with histiocytosis and foreign-body giant cells, consistent with tissue reaction to the platinum weight.

Conclusions:

Platinum eyelid weights are commonly used to treat paralytic lagophthalmos. While non-infectious tissue reactions to platinum are less common than with gold weights, they are still possible and should be treated with weight removal.
Tolls, Schools, and Tips: The Reproduction of Social Inequality Through Day-to-Day Practices
Authors: Prasad Ajnesh , Segarra Paulina
Published: January 2023

How is social inequality reproduced through day-to-day practices? In this commentary, we use the geographical context of Mexico City to argue that social inequality is maintained by “class work” of elites. Specifically, we discuss how (1) urban planning crystallizes class boundaries, (2) private school education reproduces them, and (3) tipping prevents their disruption.
The Possibility and Promise of Action Research in Pediatrics: A Scoping Review
Authors: Vaughn Lisa M. , Crosh Clare , Boyer Katherine , Jenkins Ashley
Published: January 2023

Action research (AR) is an umbrella term encompassing a range of related research approaches and frameworks such as participatory AR, participatory research, community-based participatory research, and community-engaged research. In contrast to conventional, investigator-led research that is conducted on or about participants, AR is conducted with those who have a “stake” in the research topic. Despite growing acceptance as an established research approach, AR is noticeably limited within pediatric health care literature. Following a structured process, we conducted a scoping review to explore AR in pediatrics within the last 10 years. Twenty-eight articles met eligibility criteria. Study themes included eliciting stakeholder perspectives, improving stakeholder experiences, and developing/evaluating tools. Future AR in pediatrics should include the measurement of specific health outcomes and greater detail of the actionable steps that resulted from the research process. Action research has potential application to improve the quality and stakeholder relevance of pediatric clinical, educational, and community research.
What Is Known About Schools’ Transfer of Rights Practices for Students With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Landa Cady , Smith Matthew S. , Hall Allison Cohen , Bose Jen , Timmons Jaimie C. , Stein Michael Ashley
Published: January 2023

We performed a scoping review of literature on schools’ transfer of rights practices under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) with respect to students with intellectual and developmental disabilities. The review found only limited empirical evidence of how IDEA transfer of rights policies are implemented in schools and affect students and parents. We found a substantial disconnect between this limited empirical evidence and generalizations about school practice made in recent literature that is not empirically based. In addition, we found some misunderstanding of relevant federal policy and little attention to variation in states’ policies and schools’ practices. Further research is needed to understand the intersection of relevant public policy, school practice, and student postsecondary education, employment, and independent living outcomes.
Humor Styles and Marital Satisfaction: Cluster Analysis of the Relationship
Authors: Tsai Meng-Ning , Cheng Yung-Chieh , Chen Hsueh-Chih
Published: January 2023

Humor use in communication is considered an important factor that affects relationship satisfaction according to past studies. However, there is insufficient evidence on how humor influences marital satisfaction at the couple level. This study aimed to classify couples into clusters with different humor types based on their humor styles and to investigate whether the humor styles of husbands and wives influence marital satisfaction. In total, 170 couples completed a humor style and marital satisfaction inventory by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with grouping the data of their humor styles and using cluster analysis to determine whether there were differences in marital satisfaction among couples with different humor types. The results revealed five humor types for the couples: “positive humor couples,” “aggressive husband and self-defeating wife,” “humor denier husband and general humor wife,” “general humor husband and humor denier wife” and “humor denier couples.” The ANCOVA results indicate that the highest marital satisfaction occurs among couples with positive humor and the lowest is among couples with denier humor. This study illustrates the humor types that likely occur among couples and concludes that marital satisfaction is high when both partners use positive humor and low when neither partner uses humor.
Network Brokerage and Self-Rated Popularity Among Lao School-Based Children: Findings From Primary Survey Data
Authors: Kim Harris Hyun-soo , Chun JongSerl , Kim Hyun Jin (Katelyn)
Published: January 2023

This study examines whether and how an individual’s subjective, or self-rated, popularity is related to one’s structural position in the peer network, as measured by betweenness centrality and structural hole measure. Data were drawn from the original fieldwork conducted in Laos ( N = 1,490; boys = 40%; Mage = 13), a low-income country in Southeast Asia. Using friendship nominations, we constructed a global network matrix based on which sociometric variables were calculated. Findings from hierarchical linear models showed that net of sociometric and other controls, network brokers—those who span more structural holes or bridge across more disconnected dyads pairs—indeed perceive themselves as being “more popular.” Subjective, net of objective, measure of popularity should be incorporated as a critical component in the lives of young people.
New Medicine Service by Community Pharmacists: An Opportunity to Enhance Universal Health Coverage at a Primary Health Level in South Africa
Authors: Naidoo Vivian , Moodley Rajatheran , Bangalee Varsha , Suleman Fatima
Published: January 2023

The implementation of universal health coverage (UHC) in South Africa has focused on promoting equitable health care services to all citizens. In this regard, pharmacists are expected to expand their professional capabilities to promote primary healthcare system functionality. The new medicine service (NMS) has proven to be beneficial in medicine optimization and adherence. The aim of the NMS is to assist and advise patients on their newly diagnosed conditions and to promote the safe and rational use of medicines. This study explores the provision of NMS within the UHC primary healthcare service package and the opportunity for enhancing pharmacist practice. This pilot reports on the implementation of NMS in a low-middle income country. Data was obtained using convenience sampling and an interview-based approach. Findings were evaluated, analyzed, and reported using qualitative techniques. This study was conducted at an independent community pharmacy in Durban, South Africa. Fifty-four patients were successfully enrolled into the program based on the eligibility criteria; 19 patients exited the program before completion. From those that completed the program, 65.71% had no problems detected; rather the program served as a platform to provide information and ensure proper adherence practices, 34.29% of patients experienced problems and were referred back to the prescriber, or pharmacist. After the completion of the program, 54.29% where found to be adherent to their medication, however, 45.71% were found to be non-adherent and were counseled accordingly or referred back to the medical practitioner. This paper highlighted that the implementation of a pharmacist’s full scope of practice and services such as the NMS is essential in improving therapeutic outcomes, recognize medicine related problems, and avert unnecessary use of medicines.
Impact of Growth Mindset-Enhanced Trauma Education on Criminal Legal Professionals’ Attitudes and Perceptions
Authors: Mckinsey Eva , Desmarais Sarah L.
Published: January 2023

Addressing mass incarceration in the United States will require criminal legal professionals to shift away from carceral punishment and toward alternative approaches to justice. Education on the physiological, social, and behavioral impacts of traumatic events (i.e., trauma education), especially when enhanced with messaging about the malleability of behavior (i.e., growth mindset intervention), may help promote this shift. We assessed the impact of trauma education alone and enhanced with a growth mindset intervention on 344 U.S.-based criminal legal professionals’ attitudes about the criminal legal system and perceptions of trauma-informed judicial practice, and assessed whether profession type moderated intervention impact. Compared with trauma education alone, mindset-enhanced trauma education led to increased perceived appropriateness of considering trauma in judicial decision-making (main effect) and greater support of alternative sentencing for nonviolent crimes among lawyers and judges (moderation effect). Although effects were small, findings support the enhancement of trauma education with growth mindset interventions.
Predicting Recidivism in a High-Risk Sample of Intimate Partner Violent Men Referred for Police Threat Assessment
Authors: Pham Anna T. , Hilton N. Zoe , Ennis Liam , Nunes Kevin L. , Jung Sandy
Published: January 2023

It is unknown whether existing intimate partner violence (IPV) risk assessment tools can predict recidivism within threat assessment samples. We examined the predictive validity for IPV, any violent, and general recidivism of four commonly used IPV risk appraisal tools (Ontario Domestic Assault Risk Assessment [ODARA], Spousal Assault Risk Assessment version 2 [SARA-V2], SARA version 3 [SARA-V3], and Brief Spousal Assault Form for the Evaluation of Risk [B-SAFER]) with 247 men charged with IPV and referred to a threat assessment service. Total scores of the ODARA and SARA-V2—but not SARA-V3 or B-SAFER—significantly predicted IPV recidivism and any violent recidivism. The SARA-V2 Criminal History subscale and the B-SAFER subscale of “Past” events—but no other subscales of the SARA-V2, B-SAFER, or SARA-V3—significantly predicted IPV recidivism. Although effect sizes were smaller than in past research, our results support the use of the ODARA and SARA-V2 with threat assessment IPV populations.
Tongues of Fire: Silas Malafaia and the Historical Roots of Neo-Pentecostal Power in Bolsonaro’s Brazil
Authors: Pagliarini Andre
Published: January 2023

Evangelical Christians and especially Neo-Pentecostals in Brazil have gone from accepting a position as junior partners in a broad governing coalition led by the Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers’ Party—PT) to asserting themselves as an indispensable pillar of the Jair Bolsonaro administration. A close examination of the career of the prominent Bolsonarist pastor Silas Malafaia suggests that if progressives want to improve their political relationship with evangelical voters they must first find discursive and material ways to neutralize or at least work around the most prominent and virulently conservative faith leaders.

Os cristãos evangélicos (em particular os neo-pentecostais) no Brasil passaram de aceitar uma posição de ser parceiros menores numa coligação governamental abrangente dirigida pelo Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) para impor-se como pilar imprescindível do governo de Jair Bolsonaro. Uma análise exhaustiva da trajetória do renomado pastor bolsonarista Silas Malafaia constata que se os progessistas quiserem melhorar a sua relação política com eleitores evangélicos, eles devem por primeiro descobrir meios discursivos e materiais para neutralizar ou, no mínimo, evitar os líderes religiosos que são os mais preeminentes e fortemente conservadores nesses grupos sociais.