bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUATING VILLAGERS' LIFE SATISFACTION IN RESETTLEMENT COMMUNITY: A PILOT STUDY OF SUBURBAN NANJING, CHINA
Authors: Qian Zhu
Published: August 2021

This paper assesses displaced villagers’ life satisfaction in government-designated resettlement communities after land expropriation. From the theoretical perspective of subjective well-being, the study explores the relationship between the overall life satisfaction of displaced villagers and their subjective satisfaction with three dimensions in their post-resettlement life – 1) material living conditions, 2) social security and employment support, and 3) attitudinal perceptions, social relations and participation. A pilot survey was conducted in two resettlement communities in suburban Nanjing. The study shows that while compensation and resettlement policy reforms have improved resettled villagers’ material living conditions; they still struggle with urban life transformation and adaptation from the social and attitudinal perspectives. An integrated resettlement approach is proposed to facilitate better accessibility to social security programs and non-agricultural employment opportunities, and to address issues in identity adaptation, lifestyle transformation, and social activity participation.
ANALYSIS OF COMMUTERS' PERCEPTIONS ABOUT CARPOOLING SERVICE: A CASE STUDY IN LAHORE
Authors: Javid Muhammad Ashraf , Ali Nazam
Published: August 2021

The increase in urban population and private vehicle ownership has resulted in traffic congestion on road networks. The traffic congestion tends to increase social cost in terms of increased travel delays, road crashes and environmental pollution. Traffic congestion also increases the generalized travel cost of road users. There is a need to look for alternative travel options to ensure sustainable development of the society and transportation infrastructure. This study aims to identify the significant relationships between the socio-economic demographics (SEDs) of the travelers and their intentions with carpooling. The data was collected with the help of a questionnaire survey. This survey was conducted in Lahore city and three hundred and ninety four samples were obtained. The data was analyzed using frequency analysis and ordered probit regression analysis. The results revealed that the traveler’s marital status, education, daily trip distance, current travel mode, household income, car ownership and possession of a driving license had a significant influence on their willingness to adopt a carpooling alternative. Besides the trip, purpose of carpooling and the number of persons with whom to share a ride had significant correlations with carpooling. These significant attributes implicate that travelers’ specific characteristics play an important role in their decision to carpool. Carpooling programs are required to design, seeking the significant characteristics of travelers in the context of Lahore city as well as in other regions. These findings provide useful information to the transport planners and decision-makers in designing the transportation policies related to carpooling strategies.
RESIDENTIAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF MULTI-STORY BUILDINGS THROUGH RESIDENCE EXPERIENCE: A CASE OF HYDERABAD, PAKISTAN
Authors: Waseem Hassam Bin , Ali Muhammad , Talpur Mir Aftab Hussain , Shakir Rija , Jamali Jawad Akbar
Published: August 2021

In this modern era, multi-story housing is conceived as a sustainable and land-saving solution to increasing housing demand. In developing countries like Pakistan, unplanned and unsustainable multi-story housing development in major cities like Hyderabad. Housing quality is getting worse day by day, creating a negative impact on the physical and social well-being of inhabitants. The study identified the factors which are making a negative impact on multistory housing quality. The research is based on a thorough literature review, variables which helped categorize into safety and security, environment, life convenience, space utilization, utilities and services. To record the residents' opinion, the variables were inserted in a structured questionnaire with a 4-point Likert scale. Systematic sampling was applied to select a random sample of sixty buildings with an interval of 5. Using multiple regression analysis, four variables, including outdoor noise, fire protection, lack of elevator facility and drainage, were found to have a negative impact. The study is significant as the results can be considered as a guide for planning and development agencies to improve the multi-story housing quality by ensuring the inclusion of influential variables in the present and future development of multi-story buildings.
ECOTOURISM AND ARCHITECTURE : PERSPECTIVE OF CHOTIARI WETLAND COMPLEX SINDH, PAKISTAN
Authors: Nazir Humaira
Published: August 2021

Ecotourism has the strongest pro-poor effect on people living around wetlands, as the visitors come to the site they create room for direct marketing, thereby incentivizing the development of an economic fiscal multiplier effect. Because of unsustainable incentives, the pattern of "trying livelihoods" in the Chotiari Wetland Complex, which is in Sindh-District Sanghar, has been dwindling. Furthermore, some evolving development actors, as nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), Sindh Tourism Development Corporation (STDC), and WWF- Pakistan have attempted to take control of the local community's destiny by recognizing tourism development as a way of enhancing their livelihoods. The objective of the research is to find and explain the current status of tourism development and its impact on the local communities and environment of Chotiari Wetland Complex another objective is to establish the architectural ethics in planning and developing tourist’s facilities that bridge the gap between ecotourism and its architecture and is beneficial for the community and genral environment. A review of some of the contemporary literature indicates that the primary factors that connect ecotourism to architecture and contribute to the upliftment of the local community and highlighting the lack of literature that focuses on the architecture of ecotourism in wetlands with a hot arid climate. An analytical study of the hot arid area of the Chotiari Wetlands' Vernacular Architecture is addressed in this research, outlining the factors influencing its significance. This is accompanied by a discussion of the potential of the Chotiari Wetlands’ vernacular architecture as a basis for the development of eco-tourism architecture. The methodology adopted for the study was a case study with a combined technique of qualitative research. Data was collected through private walks, surveys, observations, photographs, videos, sketches, focused gathering discussions, on-site meetings with involved stakeholders, and study of existing literature. Considering the findings of the study, along with the observed natural resources in the area traditional mud straw, and reed houses have been proven to have potential regarding eco-tourism and to be best suited for the area, both for the dwelling of residents and the accommodation of tourists with the elimination of deficiencies. It is also revealed that the current tourism architecture is not user-friendly and does not adapt to the local context and the environment. Moreover, the local community is interested in tourism-related income generation activities. The paper concludes that architects and resource planners must take the concept of vernacular architecture as a key principle for future development and construction of ecotourism architecture with the involvement of local communities.
PAKISTAN HEALTHCARE INFRASTRUCTURE AND COVID-19: A CASE FOR ISOLATION AND QUARANTINE FACILITIES OPTIMIZATION IN THE CONTEXT OF PAKISTAN
Authors: Bhatti Omer Shujat , Ghufran Asad
Published: August 2021

COVID-19 is one of the largest pandemic that hit the world at the end of 2019 and took the globe by a storm. With almost seven hundred fifty thousand affected and above thirty five thousand deaths at the time of writing this paper, it was declared by World Health Origination (WHO) a major global health crisis. Pakistan, a developing South Asian country having sixth largest population in the world having fragile and poor healthcare infrastructure also got hit badly with above one thousand six hundred affected and more than twenty deaths till the time of writing. With such a large health burden at stake and closing of all major socio-economic activities, with having very limited quarantine and isolation facilities, there was a dire need to explore the gap of existing healthcare infrastructure to cope with current circumstances. In order to explore the current context with reference to the COVID-19 health burden, existing infrastructure and facilities were explored through literature review and documented against the criteria and outlined by WHO, with respect to quarantine and isolation facilities. Development of a basic concept about nature of COVID-19 was explored with respect to Pakistan and its spread in the country. Existing actions taken by the governing concerned bodies and future planning were also explored. It was concluded through comparative analysis and exploration of the current line of actions by the governing bodies, that existing infrastructure fails to fulfill the need of the current pandemic situation and transformation of existing healthcare facilities and other allied buildings, like hostels and educational institutions, would not help in development of quarantine and isolation facilities. Infact they will create higher level risks for contamination and management of the disaster at hand, since these do not fulfill the set criterion for isolation and quarantine facilities with functional and spatial aspects. A two stream approach is proposed to handle the current situation with focus on using existing facilities at one hand with limited usage for quarantine and isolation, while developing new functional facilities using fast construction systems of pre-fabricated construction this will enable quick delivery of such infrastructure to manage the COVID-19 in Pakistan with context and climatic sensitive designs. Proposed design interventions associated with quarantine and isolation units were further explored and using standardized cargo containers design solutions were proposed.
Growth Mindset
Authors: Haimovitz Kyla ,   Chan Zuckerberg Initiative
Published: August 2021

Why does growth mindset matter?

Having a growth mindset helps you focus on developing your abilities
rather than proving how smart or talented you are. Compared to a fixed
mindset, a growth mindset encourages you to embrace challenges, sustain
effort, and try new strategies—and that's true for both children and
adults. Of course, no one embodies only a growth or fixed mindset;
we are all a mixture
of the two, and we can learn to recognize what triggers a fixed versus
growth mindset. Shown evidence that the brain is like a muscle—something
you can strengthen—students adopt more of a growth mindset about
intelligence and earn higher grades. Finally, the concept of growth
mindset doesn't only apply to intelligence: If there are qualities you
don't like about yourself or others, keep in mind that people can
change.
Intellectual Humility
Authors: Porter Tenelle ,   University of California, Davis
Published: August 2021

Why does intellectual humility matter?

When you approach life with intellectual humility, you open your mind
to learning. You are able to learn from opposing views and have more
constructive discussions, even when you disagree. No matter how old you
are, with intellectual humility you become wiser. It helps you be less
judgmental of others, learn more in school, and be a better leader.
Attention Is Selective
Authors: Duckworth Angela ,   CharacterLab
Published: August 2021

One of the most profound insights in all of psychology—and the foundation for much of modern psychotherapy—is this: what we pay attention to becomes our subjective reality.

If, when trying to get to sleep, I ruminate on all the tasks on my
to-do list, I experience a different reality than, say, if I contemplate
a scene in the novel I'm reading.

Thinking about the grant proposal I need to revise or the emails I
have to return increases my heart rate and gets my brain geared up as if
dawn were breaking. Pondering the romance of young Susan and Oliver in Angle of Repose, on the other hand, has the opposite effect.
Authoritative Mentors
Authors: Duckworth Angela ,   CharacterLab
Published: August 2021

Think of a mentor you've never properly thanked. Write them a
letter expressing what they mean to you and, if you have the courage,
read it to them aloud.

This was the task I recently assigned as homework in the undergraduate class I teach. Some of my students wrote gratitude letters
to their mom or dad. Others thanked a coach or former boss. As in past
years, the majority of students chose to thank a former teacher. 

Afterward, I polled students, asking them to characterize their mentor using two dimensions: support and demand.
Beyond the Self
Authors: Duckworth Angela ,   CharacterLab
Published: August 2021

Wynnifred Franklin retired decades ago. For three years, she sat at home, free to do whatever she wanted with her time. 

Then,
at age 72, she learned the local supermarket was hiring. Soon she found
herself on the morning shift at the supermarket bakery, waking at 3:30
a.m. and arriving on the job well before dawn, six days a week.

Now 94 years old, Franklin hasn't missed a day of work in 22 years.

A
self-described “people person,” she says that working with and for
others keeps her young. Coming out of retirement “changed my life. Now
I'm part of a team that makes something happen.”
Hard Fun
Authors: Duckworth Angela ,   CharacterLab
Published: August 2021

Ask one of the kids in your life how they feel about getting back into their school routine.
What will they say?
Maybe when you were their age, midsummer thoughts of backpacks, textbooks, and homework filled you with giddy anticipation. But the vast majority of American kids say that in comparison to other things they do with their time, school is an unappealing combination of very hard and very unfun.
In contrast, hanging out with their friends is way more fun and not especially hard.
Are “fun” and “hard” mutually exclusive? Is the expression “hard fun” an oxymoron?
I don't think so.
Can you think of anything you did as a kid that was hard and yet, on the whole, something you felt really motivated to do? Maybe you played a sport. Perhaps you wrote for the school newspaper. Or participated in community service.
Heart and Will
Authors: Duckworth Angela ,   CharacterLab
Published: August 2021

Gratitude is a strength of heart, and self-control is a strength of will.
David Brooks calls gratitude a eulogy strength—one others will fondly remember you for. Self-control, on the other hand, is what Brooks calls a resumé strength—one that helps you achieve your goals despite momentary temptations.
In data on adolescents, I've found that strengths of heart are related to friendship, whereas strengths of will are the clearest predictors of academic achievement.
But for a lot of reasons, the relationship between these strengths is a little more complicated. Here's one: Gratitude facilitates self-control.
In one 2014 study, young adults were asked to write about an event that made them feel grateful. Compared to control groups asked to write about either a happy event or a typical day, young adults who reflected on gratitude preferred larger delayed rewards over smaller immediate rewards.
Electronically Controlled Expansion Valve for Use in a Geothermal Heat Pump System
Authors: Mulaweh H. I. Abu , Mueller D. W , Oloomi H
Published: August 2021

This paper presents a detailed design of a development control board that can control an electronic expansion valve in a geothermal heat pump. The design utilized a microcontroller based system with a fuzzy control algorithm, and a temperature and pressure sensor configuration at the inlet of the compressor. The fuzzy control was designed and simulated using Simulink in Matlab. The control algorithm takes the information that the microcontroller obtained from the pressure and temperature sensor and adjusts the valve accordingly to control the amount of superheat. The controller was able to bring the superheat to the desired set point of 10°F ±2°F and maintain it.
STUDI EVALUASI DAN RENOVASI SISTEM PENTANAHAN DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN (SMK) NEGERI 1 CIMAHI
Authors: Sunarto Sunarto , Tohir Toto , Philipus Robert Adriaan , Hikmat Yudi Prana , Trisnawiyana Trisnawiyana , Santosa Yoseph
Published: August 2021

This research is a follow-up to the findings of the inspection and grounding testing in PKM 2018 activities. The value obtained exceeds 5 ohms. This is not according to the standards based on the General Requirements for Electrical Installation (PUIL) 2011. In the 2019 PKM program activities, evaluation and renovation studies of the installed earthing system which includes: surveying the location to be grounded, drilling for the position of the electrodes to be installed, installation of electrodes equipped with Bentonic material which functions as a binder so that the electrodes with the ground become one and strong, measurement of the earthing value, perform grounding installation, re-measurement of earthing. The earthing value obtained is much smaller than the previous measurement results of 2.83 ohms in the Electronics Laboratory and 2.72 Ohms at the Automation Laboratory of SMKN 1 Cimahi. It is according to the recommended standard PUIL 2011. The PKM team proposes the management of SMKN 1 Cimahi to carry out a routine maintenance and measurement process twice a year on the newly installed earthing system so that the earthing value remains according to the standard.
Evaluasi Implementasi Etika Proteksi Radiasi Dalam Pemanfaatan Iptek Nuklir di Indonesia
Authors:   Badan Pengawas Tenaga Nuklir (BAPETEN), Jakarta, Indonesia, Akhmad Yus Rusdian
Published: August 2021

The Indonesia Government Regulation No. 33 year 2007 concerning Safety of Ionizing Radiation and Safety of Radioactive Sources, which contains the ethical basis for radiation protection nuclear applications in Indonesia, is currently in the process of being revised. Radiation safety principles that will apply are recommended and set internationally from the previous IAEA BSS-115 recommendation to its revision with IAEA GSR Part 3. The principle is strengthened from three principles into ten principles stated in the IAEA Safety Fundamental 1 document by maintaining the previous three principles. These three principles are the principle of justification of decisions to change the radiation exposure situation, applying the dose limit value for individual protection from possible unfairness of the optimization process, and the optimization principle of protection and safety. The principles are compared with the prevailing ethical views and discussed to reduce the gaps in understanding in their application. This principle is discussed in all radiation exposure situations, namely planned exposure, emergency exposure, and existing exposure concluded that by adopting an applied ethical basis in the nuclear field that agreed upon at the global level after being adequately understood and accepted at the national level, regulations would be obtained that were fair, applicable, and respected when moderating conflicts of understanding and interests of the various parties involved in implementing them on radiation safety for the actual dose and potential dose towards effective regulatory while strengthening the regulatory (nuclear) culture in Indonesia.
Analisis Nilai Diagnostic Reference Level (DRL) Dewasa Pemeriksaan Lumbal Spine Anterior-Posterior (AP) dan Lateral (LAT) Modalitas Radiografi Umum di Indonesia Berdasarkan Database Dosis Pasien Si-INTAN
Authors:   Departemen Fisika Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Syahmitalia Vida , Arifin Zaenal , Rusmanto Rusmanto ,   Badan Pengawas Tenaga Nuklir, Jakarta, Indonesia
Published: August 2021

Diagnostic Reference Level (DRL) is a tool for optimizing radiation protection for patients. DRL is also applied to the general radiographic modality of the Anterior-Posterior (AP) and Lateral (LAT) lumbar spine examination. This study aims to determine and analyze provincial and national DRL values that are useful as a reference for general radiographic examination of the Lumbar Spine AP and LAT. Using Si-INTAN secondary data starting with grouping and eliminating ESAK values, determining the national body mass reference, calculating the second quartile value (Q2) for local DRL, and third quartile (Q3) for provincial and national. National DRL on this result was also compared regarding DRL in previous studies. The results of this study indicate the DRL values of several provinces in Indonesia on general radiographic examination of the lumbar spine (AP and LAT), namely Banten 4.31 mGy and 7.88 mGy, DKI Jakarta 6.13 mGy and 5.40 mGy, Jambi 1.88 mGy, West Java 2.54 mGy and 4.18 mGy, Central Java 3.25 mGy and 5.81 mGy, Riau Islands 4.19 mGy and 6.78 mGy, Riau 4.31 mGy and 5.90 mGy, Sulawesi Central 2.15 mGy and 9.57 mGy, North Sumatera 1.04 mGy and 2.90 mGy, and national 4.31 mGy and 7.05 mGy. The difference in DRL values is influenced by exposure parameters, the expertise of related human resources, and the patient’s body mass.
Peningkatan Nilai Tambah Ubi Jalar Putih Melalui Diversifikasi Olahan Makanan Menjadi Stik Ubi di Desa Renah Alai Kecamatan Jangkat Kabupaten Merangin
Authors: Hardiani Hardiani , Hastuti Dwi , Zulfanetti Zulfanetti , Achmad Erni , Prihanto Purwaka Hari
Published: August 2021

Desa Renah Alai sangat potensial dalam budidaya pertanian termasuk budidaya ubi jalar putih. Saat ini sekitar 80% masyarakat Desa Renah Alai membudidayakan ubi jalar  dalam memenuhi pangan lokal. Bahkan sebagian produksi ubi jalar dijual keluar desa. Banyaknya produksi ubi jalar tidak diikuti dengan peningkatan nilai tambah dari ubi jalar tersebut sehingga nilai jual ubi jalar sangat rendah. Oleh karena itu, diperlukannya diversifikasi olahan makanan ubi jalar diharapkan mampu meningkatkan nilai tambah ubi jalar misalnya pembuatan stik ubi. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada masyarakat Desa Renah Alai dalam pengolahan ubi jalar sehingga dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah ubi jalar. Kegiatan ini difokuskan kepada pengolahan stik ubi jalar. Hasil pengabdian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi peluang untuk  meningkatkan pendapatan dan kesejahteraan petani ubi jalar  serta mencegah turunnya harga ubi jalar ketika panen serempak
Pemberdayaan perempuan melalui pemanfaatan limbah rumah tangga menjadi kerajinan tangan (Studi kasus Kelurahan Arab Melayu, Kota Jambi)
Authors: Hodijah Siti , Parmadi Parmadi , Hastuti Dwi , Heriberta Heriberta
Published: August 2021

Tingginya aktivitas rumah tangga dalam kegiatan konsumsi barang dan jasa sejalan dengan jumlah limbah yang dihasilkan. Limbah seringkali menjadi permasalahan lingkungan yang tidak pernah terselesaikan. Jika permasalahan sampah tidak dapat diselesaikan di tingkat RT, dan Kelurahan, maka permasalahan ini akan menjadi semakin besar karena akan muncul bau tidak sedap dan bebagai macam penyakit. Adapun jenis sampah yang dihasilkan rumah tangga dapat dibedakan menjadi dua yaitu sampah organik dan anorganik. Untuk sampah organik mudah untuk diuraikan, sedangkan untuk limbah anorganik sangat sulit terurai. Untuk menanggulangi permasalahan limbah anorganik adalah dengan cara daur ulang. Saat ini mayoritas sampah yang menjadi permasalahan di Kota Jambi terutama di Kelurahan Arab Melayu adalah sampah anorganik yang berbahan plastik, aqua, dan alat rumah tangga. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan sampah anorganik ini yaitu dengan cara menggubahnya menjadi kerajinan tangan yang memiliki nilai tambah dan nilai jual. Dalam lingkup keluarga peran perempuan sangat penting dalam menjada kebersihan lingkungan. Selain itu, perempuan juga memiliki aktivitas paling besar yang menghasilkan limbah anorganik. Sehingga melalui pemberdayaan perempuan berkaitan dengan limbah anorganik masing-masing rumah tangga dapat berkurang, karena sebagian sampah telah diolah menjadi kerajinan tangan seperti bunga, dan tas yang unik dan tidak kalah menarik dengan model tas-tas masa kini.
Survey sarana dan prasarana pembelajaran softball di SMA Se- Kabupaten Jepara
Authors: Habib Sirojul , Maliki Osa , Anhar Donny
Published: August 2021

Purpose of this study to determine how the facilities and infrastructure for softball learning in Senior High School Jepara Regency. This research uses qualitative research with a descriptive approach, with the subject of this research is the Senior High School teachers in Jepara district. The collecting data using interview, observation and documentation methods. The data analysis using methods that are carried out continuously with data reduction, data presentation and make a conclusions. The results showed that (1) From 9 State Senior High Schools in Jepara Regency had good softball facilities and infrastructure, because there were several schools that did not have the facilities. (2) The main inhibiting factor in the procurement of softball facilities is the price of equipment which is expensive and in large quantities. (3) Softball learning in the school has not run optimally, due to inadequate facilities and infrastructure. (4) The teacher is innovative enough in learning to modify the tools and how to play. The conclusion is that the price of softball equipment is very expensive and the amount of equipment is not small, so the implementation of softball learning in the schools has not been carried out properly, because of the lack of softball equipment and also requires a large field. It is hoped that schools whose facilities and infrastructure for softball learning are still inadequate should be available to immediately organize softball facilities and infrastructure while still considering the level of need, so the quality of learning outcomes for sports and health, softball material can run well and can also lift branches Softball in Jepara Regency has become a popular sport not only among students but also among the local community.
Persepsi Peserta Didik Dalam Pembelajaran PJOK Berbasis Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh SMA Negeri 1 Ulujami Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Ghafar Afan , Maliki Osa , Hudah Maftukin
Published: August 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hasil persepsi peserta didik dalam pembelajaran PJOK berbasis pembelajaran jarak jauh SMA Negeri 1 Ulujami selama pandemi COVID-19, untuk mengetahui faktor pendukung persepsi peserta didik dalam pembelajaran PJOK berbasis pembelajaran jarak jauh SMA Negeri 1 Ulujami selama pandemi COVID-19, dan untuk mengetahui  faktor penghambat dalam persepsi peserta didik dalam pembelajaran PJOK berbasis pembelajaran jarak jauh SMA Negeri 1 Ulujami selama pandemi COVID-19. Tehnik sampling pada penelitian ini menggunakan sampling purposif dimana peneliti menentukan kriteria mengenai responden yang dipilih sebagai sempel. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Ulujami. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik yaitu angket. Analisis yang dilakukan menggunakan model analisis deskriptif kuantitatif.
Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan mengenai penelitian Persepsi Peserta Didik Dalam Pembelajaran PJOK Berbasis Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh di SMA Negeri 1 Ulujami menunjukan bahwa siswa yang masuk kedalam kategori sangat positif berjumlah 9 atau 19,6% dari jumlah total, untuk kategori positif berjumlah 15 orang atau 32,6 % hasil tersebut merupakan hasil terbanyak, sedangkan untuk kategori sedang berjumlah 9 orang atau 19,6%, untuk hasil kategori negatif berjumlah 10 orang atau 21,7% dan untuk kategori sangat negatif berjumlah 3orang atau 6,5%. Hasil tersebut dapat diartikan sebagian persepsi siswa Kelas XI terhadap Pembelajaran PJOK Berbasis Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh di SMA Negeri 1 Ulujami Tahun 2021 pada masa pandemi covid-19 dapat dikatakan Positif.
On the Translation of Poetic Line Drawing from the Perspective of Transitivity
Authors: Wang Qiqi , Gao Jun
Published: August 2021

Poetic line drawing is a great challenge in translation since its simplicity and realism not only use the simplest words to concisely depict the fact but also enable readers to understand in numerous ways. Taking Tianjingsha·Qiusi as an example, this paper discusses the translation strategies of line drawing in poetry from the perspective of transitivity. By the comparison of three translations, it is found that line drawing can trigger multiple processes in the mental cognition of readers, and in most cases, different translators tend to maintain a certain process type and abandon others, which might lead to some loss of the poem’s original charm and the translation turns out to be inaccurate. However, our study shows that such loss can be remedied through form equivalence strategy, for neither of the process types can be representative of all but only form equivalence can generate the same effect of the original poem.
The Association of Household Garbage Management and Socioeconomic with Underweight in Children Under Five in Lebak District and Tangerang City, Banten, Indonesia
Authors: Widya Sukoco Noor Edi , Usman Yuslely , Putro Gurendro , Hidayangsih Puti Sari
Published: August 2021

Underweight in infants and under-five children may cause growth and developmental disorders and it remains one of the major factors causing child mortality, illness and disability. Underweight is still one of the nutritional problems in Indonesia and the government is undertaking all efforts and drawing up effective strategies to reduce the prevalence of underweight in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to see what factors were associated with underweight in under-five-year-old children in Lebak Regency and Tangerang City, Banten Province. The study applied the logistic regression method using the 2013 Basic Health Research. Underweight in children was calculated by converting the anthropometric measurements into a standardized value (Z-score), which was then presented in the index of body weight for age. The results obtained among 492 infants revealed there were 28.5% (about 75 children under five) with underweight status. Children from families who did not apply good sanitation by disposing of garbage in an unsanitary manner had a risk of 15.2 folds (OR = 15.2, 95% CI = 4.69-49.65) to be underweight compared with those who had good sanitation behaviors. Children under five from families with a low socioeconomic status had a risk of 2.5 folds (OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.12-5.53) to suffer from underweight compared to those who had a high socioeconomic status. The conclusion is sanitation and socioeconomic status are related to the underweight status of children under five in Lebak Regency and Tangerang City.
Structure and cutting properties of WC-Co composites obtained by the SPS - Spark Plasma Sintering method
Authors: Wachowicz Joanna , Gos Jeremi , Wilkowski Jacek
Published: August 2021

Functional properties of WCCo composites obtained by the SPS – Spark Plasma Sintering method. The rapid development of the furniture market results in the need to produce tools with increasingly better properties which make it possible to increase the efficiency of the production. One of the prospective paths of development for blades intended for cutting wood-based materials are carbides made using the Spark Plasma Sintering method. It makes it possible to produce sinters with submicron or even nanometric WC grain size in a very short time and without the need for using inhibitors. As a result of the specific heating conditions, this method makes it possible to obtain a material having high parameters in comparison with the material produced using conventional methods. This study aimed to determine the degree of wear of SPS tools compared to commercially available blades (of similar chemical composition). The results of research testing the basic properties (hardness, density, microstructure) of WCCo composites, obtained using the innovative SPS method, are included in the study. The quality of the produced tools and the intensity of wear of the blades made using the SPS method were evaluated. The results were compared to commercially available blades. The wear of individual blades was evaluated based on the machining of three-layer particleboard.
Work-Life Imbalance in the Time of COVID-19
Authors: Epstein Rachel , Haddad Caroline , Kose Emek , Sutherland Melissa
Published: August 2021

Four women mathematicians at various stages of their careers at public liberal arts institutions share their struggles and challenges in their professional and personal lives during the pandemic.
Math Girl Solves the Pattern
Authors: Austin Zoe
Published: August 2021

During COVID-19 isolation, Dr. Jennifer Austin and her seven-year-old daughter Zoe co-authored the short story Math Girl Solves the Pattern. Here we meet the superheroine Math Girl and her nemesis Minus Girl. Math Girl is observant, curious, and creative.
Examining the Modeling Framework of Crime Hotspot Models in Predictive Policing
Authors: Goodson Heidi
Published: August 2021

Predictive policing has its roots in crime hotspot modeling. In this paper we give an example of what goes into mathematical crime hotspot modeling and show that the modeling assumptions perpetuate systemic racism in policing. The goal of this paper is to raise objections to this field of research, not on its mathematical merit, but on the scope of the problem formation. We do not make any suggestions about how to incorporate race into predictive policing models in order to make them less biased.
Letters From Incompleteness
Authors: Howell Jonah
Published: August 2021

In a series of letters to a faraway lover, an unnamed narrator attempts to make sense of his own internal struggles by fixating on the strange death of Kurt Gödel.
The Music Is All That Counts! A Poem-Collage Pair Created During The Pandemic
Authors: Glaz Sarah , Sanders Mark
Published: August 2021

The poem-collage pair presented here is a work of collaboration between the mathematician and poet, Sarah Glaz, and the collage and ceramic artist, Mark Sanders. The piece is part of their larger joint poem-collage project involving the history of mathematics. Created at the height of the pandemic, the poem-collage pair reflects the reality of living during a plague and embodies the solace offered by long-distance collaboration and by the arts. Included as background is a brief discussion on the history and mathematics involved, information about Sarah’s poem and Mark’s collage, and a reflection on how the pandemic influenced both the choice of poem and the imagery appearing in the collage. To see the poem-collage pair as originally envisioned by Sarah and Mark please place them side by side.
Inverse Measurement of the Thickness and Flow Resistivity of Porous Materials via Reflected Low Frequency Waves-Frequency Approach
Authors: Sadouki Mustapha
Published: August 2021

A direct and inverse method is proposed for measuring the thickness and flow resistivity of a rigid air-saturated porous material using acoustic reflected waves at low frequency. The equivalent fluid model is considered. The interactions between the structure and the fluid are taken by the dynamic tortuosity of the medium introduced by Johnson et al. and the dynamic compressibility of the air introduced by Allard. A simplified expression of the reflection coefficient is obtained at very low frequencies domain (Darcy’s regime). This expression depends only on the thickness and flow resistivity of the porous medium. The simulated reflected signal of the direct problem is obtained by the product of the experimental incident signal and the theoretical reflection coefficient. The inverse problem is solved numerically by minimizing between simulated and experimental reflected signals. The tests are carried out using two samples of polyurethane plastic foam with different thicknesses and resistivity. The inverted values of thickness and flow resistivity are compared with those obtained by conventional methods giving good results.
Ecology of Plant Communities in Central Mexico
Authors: Sosa-Ramírez Joaquín , Díaz-Núñez Vicente , R. Pérez-Salicrup Diego
Published: August 2021

In Central Mexico converge three biogeographic provinces: Altiplano sur, Sierra Madre Occidental and Costa del Pacífico. Each one of them is composed by different plant communities: Thorn Forest, Temperate Mountain Forest and Dry Tropical Forest respectively. Our objective is to show, through phytoecological analysis, the species richness, diversity and the structure of the plant communities from the Temperate Mountain Forest and from the Tropical Dry Forest. In the Temperate Mountain Forest, 50 forest species were recorded, with a Shannon Wiener diversity index H´ = 1.63 on altitudes from 2400 to 2600 m. The Whittaker β index is Bw = 7.22. In the tropical dry forest, we identified 79 plants species with a mean diversity index H´ = 3.49 on altitudes from 1951 to 2100 m. In this ecosystem the Bw index is 8.12. This study offers important information for the establishment of management practices, considering the protection status from the areas in which this vegetation type is distributed.
The Need for Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in the Field of Hypertrophic Scars
Authors: C. Carney Bonnie , W. Shupp Jeffrey , E. Travis Taryn
Published: August 2021

Hypertrophic scar (HTS) is a fibrotic skin disorder that is marked by excessive inflammation and extracellular matrix deposition in response to cutaneous traumatic injuries such as burns, lacerations, incisions, and abrasions. HTS has various risk factors, available treatments, and treatment effectiveness. Research at the basic, translational, and clinical levels are in their infancy compared to fibrotic diseases in other organ systems. This chapter will review current in vitro and in vivo modeling, and highlight research needs to address gaps in the study of HTS. The following topics will be discussed in the chapter: a. Basic Science Research i. Seminal findings ii. Limitations to these models iii. Suggestions for topics of future research b. Translational Science Research i. Seminal findings ii. Limitations to these models iii. Suggestions for topics of future research c. Clinical Research i. Seminal findings ii. Limitations to these models iii. Suggestions for topics of future research.
The Role of Anti-IgE Antibodies in Urticaria
Authors: Pepe Patrizia , Desmond Mandel Victor
Published: August 2021

Chronic urticaria, a common mast cell driven disease, has been considered so far an underestimated and difficult to treat disease, very often resulting in high physical, psychological and socio-economic burden. More than 60% of these patients are unresponsive to second generation H1 antihistamines, the first-line symptomatic treatment for urticaria. However, anti-IgE drugs (omalizumab and ligelizumab) showed improved activity in urticaria-treated patients with inadequate symptom control. Omalizumab has been widely proven to be very effective and well-tolerated in patients with antihistamine-refractory chronic spontaneous urticaria and inducible urticaria and is currently licensed for these indication as third-line treatment. Ligelizumab, a next-generation monoclonal anti-IgE antibody with higher affinity to IgE compared to omalizumab and a similar safety profile, has recently demonstrated to be even more effective than omalizumab. This review is focused on the role of anti-IgE antibodies in chronic urticaria.
The COVID-19 Pandemic and African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA): Exploring Potential Impacts and Developmental Implications
Authors: Asiedu Edward
Published: August 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused nontrivial disruptions to global value chains and affected the lives of many people, particularly the poor across the world. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in the early part of 2020 in Africa, happened during a time that African countries had just signed one of the world’s largest trade agreements and therefore began introducing continental-level structures to strengthen free trade among member states. This chapter examines the potential effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the agenda for free trade in Africa, both in the short and in the long-term. Specifically, the chapter explores the trading environment of firms in Africa and highlights generally the challenges faced when implementing a trade agreement in the middle of a pandemic. It also, on the other hand, highlights how trade agreement in a middle of a pandemic can be a good thing to minimize the effect of the pandemic on poor and vulnerable households in Africa. The chapter ends by highlighting the need for managing the COVID-19 pandemic to grow and sustain intra-African trade.
Cell Wall
Authors: Abdulaziz Othman Alkubaisi Noorah , Mohammed Amin Aref Nagwa
Published: August 2021

The application of AuNPs on the infected barley cultivar had great damage results on Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus (BYDV-PAV) particles in TEM. Observation of TEM images provided an insight into the transport of AuNPs through the plasmodesmata endoplasmic reticulum route, where they likely accumulated as the channels narrowed. The cytoplasmic parenchyma cell components do not have an intact peripheral location, but taking irregular shapes, internal movement between adjacent two cells seems to be the VLPs moved toward via plasmodesmata. TEM micrographs; showing different abnormalities in the cell wall due to viral infection. Application of AuNPs revealed sticky Integrated AuNPs inside the cell wall with low and high density. The mechanical transportation of the virus through the sieve elements with endosomes was observed. The mechanical transportation of virus particles through the cell wall with some vesicles, amorphous inclusions, and filamentous particles was proved through the sieve elements with filamentous strands.
Reconfigurable Filter Design
Authors: Lee Tae-Hak , Lee Sang-Gyu , Laurin Jean-Jacques , Wu Ke
Published: August 2021

This chapter discusses recent development of reconfigurable filters. The technical terminology reconfigurable means that a circuit is designed in a way to have various electrical characteristics comparing with one which has a static feature. For the filter design, the various electrical characteristics can be considered as the filter can tune its operating frequency, bandwidth, and/or have multiple operational modes, that is, bandstop or bandpass modes. Also, recently, the filters that can exhibit an improved impedance matching performance over its stopband have been reported. It provides more options for the filter designers to realize the reconfigurable filters having reflective and/or absorptive frequency response types to satisfy a prior given requirement. In this chapter, recently devised filter designs will be covered and essential frequency tuning elements to realize the reconfigurable characteristic will be introduced as well.
Perovskite Ferroelectric
Authors: Kour Paramjit , Kishore Pradhan Sudipta
Published: August 2021

The spectrums of properties exhibited by ferroelectric materials are dielectric, ferroelectric, piezoelectric and pyroelectric effect. This is the makes these materials to have a wide range of useful application. Infrared detectors are used pyroelectric effect of ferroelectric materials. It is used in nonvolatile memories due to have ferroelectric hysteresis. Its piezoelectric properties make them useful for actuator, radio frequency filter, sensor, and transducer. Ferroelectric capacitors are used, their good dielectric behavior. According to the necessity of the system they are available in different form such as single crystals, ceramics, thin film, and polymer, composite. The diversity of properties ferroelectric materials always attracted the attention of engineers and researchers. Size reduction of this material from micro to nanoscale established an enormous consideration to develop nanotechnology. Its vast use of different filed imposed the in detail research in adding to the development of processing and characterization method. This chapter will put some light on some fundamental principle of ferroelectricity, the list of perovskite materials and their application.
You Have a New Super Power: Ethics of Oocyte Cryopreservation
Authors: Mohammadi Leila , Martinez Silvia , Aranda Daniel
Published: August 2021

This chapter will be an ethical analysis on challenging situations surrounding oocyte cryopreservation treatment in young healthy women. There has been always a complicated interaction between technology and changing societal values. This ethical discussion is not on whether or not oocyte cryopreservation in itself is ethically justifiable. Through a comprehensive literature review, this chapter discusses some ethical aspects that have emerged since oocyte cryopreservation was applied for the first time. Through a practical approach, this chapter address ethical uncertainties presenting case studies, ethical questions and terms, existing arguments in favor and against oocyte cryopreservation; and examine the individual patient’s beliefs, perception and opinions.
Mechanical Properties and Elasticity Model for Bovine Hard Tissue
Authors: S. Kulkarni Mrudula
Published: August 2021

This chapter aims at establishing engineering material properties of bovine hard tissue cut out of long bone. The study and design of implants, medical devices, and their bone material necessitate the knowledge of mechanical properties of bone to be evaluated. Braces or steel plates are used as fixation devices in animals who are treated for the fracture to bone or cracked bone. Braces or steel plates are fixed to the bone by rods and screws. For checking the stability of these inserted metallic parts, they have to be compatible with bone. The metal and bone form composite action for the load transfer mechanism. To ensure proper biomechanics and design of these inserts and accessories, we need to know the elastic properties of bone. This chapter establishes the modulus of elasticity, poisons ratio of Bovine femur bone. The experimental study establishes the orthotropic behavior of Bovidae femur bone. This experimental research provides comprehensive mechanical properties of Bovidae femur bone, through series of mechanical tests. By performing compression tests on a bone specimen, stress, strain, elastic modulus, poison’s ratio, and yielding point of bone are established. The bovine long bone exhibits orthotropic or transversely isotropic nature of femur bone as expected. The data presented here is for samples derived from goat and water buffalo. The solid mechanics approach using stiffness matrix is adopted to establish elastic constants. The data of elastic constants, compliance, and stiffness coefficients obtained can be used for finite element analysis to simulate stability of composite, femur bone, and metallic fixation. The values of compression strength, Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, and shear modulus are higher for water buffalo male than that of female showing gender difference. This may be attributed to lower bone density in females due to hormone secretion.