bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Use of Augmented Reality in Collaboration Within the Construction Industry
Authors: Sivanesan Vighnesh , Ng Zhen Lu , Lim Tong Xir , Tan Hong Kai , Yew Kai Shen , Goh Wei Wei
Published: December 2021

Site visitation is a crucial aspect of civil engineers’ job scope as it provides them with first-hand construction data. However, due to the recent COVID-19 pandemic, construction site visitations are restricted, making the tasks of a civil engineer impossible to achieve. The main objective of this research is to find out and suggest a remedy to the problems commonly faced by civil engineers through the help of Augmented Reality (AR). Hence, the study’s objective is to analyse AR’s functionalities and suggest its best application to communicate spacious awareness via visual feedback for civil engineers. For maximum usability, an integrated software suite is proposed that provides access to AR worksites, measured data, and allows peer communication. This addressed the whole spectrum of problems faced by civil engineers with the switch to remote working. However, with the COVID-19 pandemic, the limitation of this project is that testing could not be executed to determine the efficacy of the said solution. Furthermore, the proposed solution has limitations, such as requiring pre-constructed infrastructure in applicable construction sites. Therefore, regular quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) are required to ensure proper functionality. In the future, AR LiDAR sensors could be a possibility as it provides increased accuracy of AR measurements which is critical in engineering.
Development of Particleboard from Green Coconut Waste
Authors: Lim J X , Ong T K , Ng C K , Chua I W , Lee Y B , Yap Z Y , Bakar R Abu
Published: December 2021

In this study, green coconut waste was successfully transformed into coconut fibre-based particleboards. In addition to urea-formaldehyde (UF), two types of green binder: BST00 (low ammoniated latex and epoxidized natural rubber latex-based) and BST20 (epoxidized natural rubber latex-based) were used in particleboard fabrication. The particleboards were fabricated using coconut pith and fibre with 15% binder loading through two pre-compression steps followed by a final hot compression at 140 °C for 15 mins at ∼2.1 MPa. Board properties such as density, thickness swelling (TS), water absorption (WA), and internal bond (IB) strength were determined in accordance with JIS A 5908 standard, except for modulus of rupture (MOR) (ASTM D1037). BST00-bonded particleboards exhibit the poorest properties among the three samples, making BST00 the least effective binder. BST20-bonded particleboards show the best overall properties with the highest density of ∼1 g/cm3, IB value of 0.416 MPa, MOR of 11.61 MPa, best water resistance with TS of 14% and WA of 24%. The UF-bonded particleboards have the highest MOR of 12.05 MPa. Overall, the UF- and BST20-bonded coir particleboards met the minimum JIS A 5908 requirement except density (0.4-0.9 g/cm3) and TS (<12%). The green binder BST20 has shown great potential to replace UF.
Design and simulation of a rooftop PV System in Taylor’s University Lakeside Campus
Authors: Krishna Y , Fauzan M F , Muhammad Nurhisham Gan N B
Published: December 2021

Solar photovoltaic (PV) system is proven to be a future-proof type of power generation for growing economies. There are almost zero pollutants released, low maintenance cost with high reliability as the lifespan of a solar PV stretches up to 30 years, a well-sought alternative form of sustainable energy. Moreover, the electricity consumption in Taylor’s University (TU), Malaysia is very high, as a consequence, a huge fraction of the fund is used to settle an RM450,000 electricity bill on average annually. In this paper, the study focused on how to reduce electricity consumption in TU by proposing a design of a comprehensive solar PV system. PVSYST and Sketchup software are used to design and analyze the PV system. In the present study, a Grid-Connected Photovoltaic (GCPV) mounted on the available roof space of TU is investigated. Also, a detailed economic analysis that includes the payback period and annual savings achieved through the proposed PV installation is analyzed. Annual savings of RM 267,621.00 can be made upon utilizing the proposed idea. Besides that, TU would be able to recover the initial investment cost in approximately 8 years of payback period, proving that the implementation of a 433kWp of solar PV unit is a smart option to address the sustainable energy goals.
Fabrication technique of composite chitosan/alginate membrane module for greywater treatment
Authors: Nalatambi S , Oh K S , Yoon L W
Published: December 2021

A novel chitosan/alginate composite membrane is proposed for the application of greywater treatment. In particular, the effect of stirring speed of mixing chitosan and alginate solution was investigated in this study. The study revealed that 150CSAL and 210CSAL membranes swell significantly compared to CS membrane due to the porous structure of composite membrane. The FTIR spectra revealed that the mixing speed has no influence in terms of molecular interaction between CS and AL due to fixed CS and AL concentrations used in this study. On the other hand, the complexation of AL with CS made outstanding improvement to the dense structure of CS where 180CSAL membrane has UP water flux as high as 90 L/m2h at 2 bar. All membranes have the capability to remove the pollutants present in GW and the COD removal was further improved up to 7% using CSAL membranes. In addition, increasing mixing speed improved the pathogen removal efficiency compared to CS membrane. The treated GW met the non-potable GW reuse standard for turbidity<5 NTU and TSS<20 mg/L. To summarize, the proposed fabrication technique on CSAL membrane showed improved characteristics to CS membrane and has significant performance on GW treatment.
Design and Simulation of Fiber Optic Cable using SolidWorks for Landslide Monitoring
Authors: Johnson M A M , Kit M H , Hoon Y , Koay S C Y , Mahdiraji G A
Published: December 2021

This paper presents fiber optic cable design and simulation using SolidWorks software. SolidWorks software is an effective tool that helps design, analyze, and give a better understanding of fiber optic cable capabilities and performances. The model of the fiber optic cable was developed based on the existing fiber optic drop cable. It is composed of mainly four parts: Fiber optic member, fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) strength member, low smoke zero halogen (LSZH) jacket, and steel wire. A static study was performed to determine the designed model’s ability to endure various levels of pressing and pulling forces. Simulation results showed that the cable can withstand a maximum of 195 N pulling force and 30000 N pressing force with a displacement of 1.78e+02 mm and 4.94e-01 mm respectively. The findings will contribute to the design of a new or novel fiber optic cable that is capable to monitor landslide activities with higher durability in future studies.
The calculation of uranium metallic Fuel (U-10%wtZr) cell with helium coolant using SRAC 2K6
Authors: Putri Suci Claudia , Ariani Menik , Royani Idha , Arsali  , Monado Fiber
Published: December 2021

In this study, pin-shaped natural metallic uranium fuel cells with a diameter of 1.4 cm were designed with and without enrichment of 2-10% by using helium as a coolant. The calculations were conducted by using SRAC software and the results show that the greater the enrichment level, the more significant the value of the infinite-multiplication-factor (kinf), meanwhile the conversion ratio is smaller. Basically, uranium exists in two isotopic forms namely, U-235 and U-238 which are transformed into other element such as Pu-239 when they both go through fission and transmutation reactions in the reactor core. Therefore, to obtain the optimum reactor core design, the performance information of nuclear fuel cells from the variations of burn-up time needs to be taken into consideration.
Cultivating science process skills among physics students using PhET simulation in teaching
Authors: Ruwiyah S , Rahman N F A , Rahim A R A. , Yusof M Y , Umar S H
Published: December 2021

This paper concerns with the use of simulation as a pedagogical tool for a physics teaching strategy. This action research was conducted to investigate the scientific skills as a result of modelling learnt using PhET simulation. The cycle of action research involved in this study is planning, acting, observing and reflection. Through combining physics simulation with Science Process Skills (SPS) and Manipulative Skills (MS) to deliver real experimenting experience, the discussion is further to make connection with students’ achievement in Physics. One physics class involved in this study consist of 36 matriculation college students. Prior the study, students were briefed on the procedures for conducting the Harmonic Motion experiment using the PhET Simulations. Following this, students must completed the practical report for analysis, data interpretation and discussion. At the end of the teaching, a set of formative test was used to evaluate students’ mastery of Physics concepts after conducting the Simple Harmonic Motion simulation experiment. The results showed an increase in the percentage of frequency of study participants practicing Science Process Skills and Manipulative Skills (Conducting Experiments). In the Formative Test, the study participants showed a high average score of 13.9 marks, which is 93%. This study is able to develop the advantage of multimedia for physics laboratory works and explore its potential to strengthen scientific skills.
Development of simple science kits as dynamic electricity learning media for junior high school
Authors: Saehana S , Werdhiana I K , Tuljannah N , Izzah A
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study is to produce Simple IPA KIT as science learning media for dynamic electricity material. This Simple IPA KIT contains several puzzle blocks that could be set into several electrical circuits. The type of the study was Research and Development, which refers to the model of Puslitjaknov (a team in the Center for Policy and Inovation Studies). The five-scales Likert questionnaire were used to obtain the data. The product was assessed by the media and material experts, physics teachers and high school students. The result of media experts showed a percentage value of 85%, in “Very Good” category, while it was 80% in “Good” category for material expert assessment. Meanwhile, the responses of teachers and students showed 95.6% and 84%, respectively, with “Very Good” category. It indicates that the Simple KIT media is suitable for learning media.
The influence of the online PhET simulation-assisted using direct instruction on student’s conceptual understanding of parabolic motion
Authors: Lestari P D , Mansyur J
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the online PhET simulation-assisted using the direct instruction on students’ conceptual understanding of the parabolic motion. It was quasi-experimental research with pretest-posttest control group design. The research subjects were 10thgrade students, consisting of 20 students for each experimental and control groups. The data were collected using a concept understanding test. The research data were analyzed quantitatively by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show that the average score of the experimental class was higher than the control class. The hypothesis was tested using Mann-Whitney (U-Test) with a significance level of = 0.05. Based on data analysis, it can be concluded that there was a significant effect of online PhET simulation assisted learning model on students’ concept understanding on parabolic motion.
The influence of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) learning approaches on learning outcomes
Authors: Andriani P , Ali Muhammad , Jarnawi M
Published: December 2021

The objective of the study is to discover the effect of the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) learning approach on the physics learning outcomes The study is considered as quasi-experimental research by implementing the non-equivalent, pretest-posttest as the research design. There were two science classes of SMA Negeri 1 Sindue Tobata were selected as the sample of the study. The Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics learning approach was applied to the experimental class while the scientific approach was applied to the control class. The learning outcomes test obtained showed that the average score of the experimental group was 15.95 and the average score of the control group was 12.25. Based on the results of hypothesis testing, obtained that tcount=3.00 and t_(0.0975(38))=2.024 at a significance level of a=0.05. It means that the value of t_count is outside the acceptance area of H_0. The findings concluded that there were differences in physics learning outcomes between the students who were taught by using STEM approach and the students who were only taught by implementing the scientific approach in SMA Negeri 1 Sindue Tobata.
Developing android-based teaching material on temperature and heat using ADDIE model
Authors: Sriwahyuni T , Kamaluddin  , Saehana S
Published: December 2021

Physics teaching materials are essential in supporting students to solve the problem and understand abstract physics concepts, if they are attractively designed. In this study, the researchers aim to create android-based teaching material on temperature and heat to increase students’ interest and motivation. This study is the development research using the ADDIE model, which involves 5 stages. They are Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. The research subjects were 20 students of class XI. The test and questionnaire analysis results indicated that the average score of the two validators was 3.66 and was categorized as “Very good.” Assessment by the teacher depicted an average score of 3.45 categorized as “Very Good,” and the results of the analysis of student response assessment obtained an average score of 3.25 which means “Strongly Agree”. The results showed that the android-based teaching material developed is feasible as teaching material for students.
Development of a microcontroller-based instrument for measuring liquid density
Authors: Handayani F , Wahyono U , Saehana S
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this research was to develop a practical tool to measure the density of liquids. This research was a research and development research that referred to the development model of Borg and Gall. The research instrument used was a questionnaire with a 4-Likert scale. Evaluation phase included the assessment of media validator, students’ responses, and laboratory test. The product quality data obtained were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The quality of the product based on the analysis of the media expert’s assessment obtained a value of 3.30 which was in very good category. Meanwhile, the results of student responses in the limited-testing obtained a value of 3.30 which showed that they strongly agree with the product’s usability. The test results and questionnaire analysis indicated that the microcontroller-based density determination practicum tool developed was feasible to use. From the experimental results, the density value of water was 0.95 gr/cm3 with a standard deviation of ±0.044 and a relative uncertainty value of 0.22%. The density value for salt water was 1.04 gr/cm3 with a standard deviation of ±0.011, compared with the literature which is 1.10 gr/cm3. Moreover, the density of coconut oil measured was 0.76 gr/cm3 with a standard deviation of ±0.045, while the literature is 0.84.
The use of water spinach plants (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.) for phytoremediation of hospital waste
Authors: Suherman  , Rahmawati S , Said I , Nurbaya  , Armiyanti S , Thamrin N
Published: December 2021

Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.) has the ability to accumulate pollutants so that it can be useful for wastewater treatment processes. The purpose of this study was to determine the phytoremediation technique in hospital wastewater using kale in improving the quality of hospital wastewater and to determine the level of accumulation of Pb and Cr metals in plants. The study used a completely randomized design with four treatments, namely treatment 0 days (without treatment), 2 days, 4 days and 6 days. Parameters include the physical and chemical quality of the waste as well as the content of Pb and Cr in the waste and plants. To determine the effect of phytoremediation on the quality of household waste and metal content, ANOVA analysis and further testing with the BNT test level of 5% were used. Phytoremediation with kale was able to reduce the temperature of the waste on the 4th day of treatment and dissolved oxygen on the 4th treatment and increase the pH. The accumulation of Pb and Cr on each day is different. The highest accumulation of Pb and Cr occurred on day 6, namely 0.1587 mg/L for Pb metal and 0.2167 mg/L for Cr metal. Kale plants are very possible to be used in the phytoremediation process.
Study on the Battery Safety in Frontal Collision of Electric Vehicle
Authors: Qiao Weigao , Yu Lei , Zhang Zhanxi , Pan Tongyu
Published: December 2021

With the rapid development of electric vehicle industry, more and more attention has been paid to the safety of the automotive battery. The safety of battery in electric vehicle’s frontal collision is the focus of this paper. In the process of simulated collision, the research object is simplified into a battery box. The mechanical properties of the battery monomers were investigated to summarize the mechanical properties of the internal failure of the monomers. Constructing the finite element model of the research object, we focus on the analysis of collision simulation results and propose the improvement measures. According to the test requirements in C-NCAP, the crash simulation of battery box is carried out by using the finite element software called LS-DYNA, which is used in automobile collision to analyze the deformation, stress of the battery box and the most dangerous battery monomer during the frontal collision. The simulation results show that the deformation of the case is obvious, and the protection of the battery is lost in the 50km/h frontal collision condition. By adding EVA foam, the maximum deformation of the battery monomer is reduced by 8.2%. By improving the material of battery case, the maximum deformation is reduced by 12.65%.
Sliding wire detection system of electric lock screw tool based on motor characteristics
Authors: Zhang Ning , Yan Yinxin , Yang Houcheng , Yu Zhangsi
Published: December 2021

This paper presents a sliding wire detection system of electric screw locking tool based on the characteristics of motor. The system can judge whether the screw has sliding wire through the current change of motor during normal operation, and realize the real-time detection and alarm of sliding wire. The system has the advantages of high sensitivity, low cost and high accuracy. It can be widely used in automatic assembly and other fields.
Research on Equalization Control Strategy of Marine Lithium Battery Pack
Authors: Sun Qi , Quo Yi
Published: December 2021

With the widespread use of clean energy in ship electric power systems, marine lithium battery systems are becoming more and more popular. Aiming at the problems between the individual cells in the lithium battery pack, such as inconsistency in voltage, capacity, and internal resistance, the state of charge (SOC) of battery is selected as the equalization control variable, an equalization topology structure based on SOC for battery connecting or bypassing is designed. The equilibrium control strategy fusing model predictive control (MPC) algorithm and time-sequence control algorithm is adopted. The simulation model is built on the MATLAB/Simulink platform, and the different value combinations of two equalization parameters (i.e., equalization period T and number of batteries connected to the battery pack q) were simulated and analyzed. The results show that the designed equalization control strategy can quickly and accurately achieve SOC equalization, by optimizing two key parameters, the equalization accuracy and equalization speed of the marine lithium battery pack can be improved, also the energy loss in the equalization process can be reduced.
An Attention-based Text Detection and Recognition Method for Terminals of Current Transformer’s Secondary Circuit
Authors: Lu Da , Liu Jia , Li Helong
Published: December 2021

Recognizing irregular text in real industrial scenes is a challenging task due to the background clutter, low resolutions or distortions. In this work, an attention-based text detection and recognition method for terminals of current transformer’s secondary circuit is proposed. It consists of three major components: pre-processing, text detection and text recognition. In text recognition module, a novel spatial temporal embedding is designed to better utilize the positional information. During training, the proposed framework only requires sequence-level annotations, instead of extra fine-grained character-level boxes or segmentation masks as in previous work. Despite its simplicity, the proposed method achieves good performance on the dataset collected in actual working scene.
Research on UDE control based on load torque compensation of PMSM
Authors: Yan Hongliang , Zhai Weizhi , Geng Yan
Published: December 2021

In order to solve the problem that the traditional uncertainty and disturbance estimator (UDE) control needs to increase the filter order to keep good performance when facing rapid disturbance changes, thus lead to cost increase in implementing the system, a speed control strategy of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) driver based on reduced order observer compensation is proposed. The designed control strategy is robust to the system with internal parameter variation and external torque disturbance. Through the compensation of load torque, the pressure of UDE controller is relieved, and then the tracking error of high-frequency component in load torque is eliminated, and the control performance of the system is improved more effectively. This paper proves the superiority of the new compound controller through comparison of simulation. results
Analysis of Coaxiality-Transmission Efficiency Vector Model of RV Reducer Based on ADAMS
Authors: Liu Yongming , FU Lei , Ma Qiang , Zhao Zhuanzhe , Zhang Zhen , Wei Neng
Published: December 2021

Aiming at the influence of the coaxiality error of the transmission system on the detection accuracy of the RV reducer performance test device, taking RV-20E reducer is used as the research object, combined with the ADAMS dynamic simulation software, the RV reducer dynamic transmission coaxiality and transmission efficiency vector model is established, and the coaxiality of the transmission system of this model is simulated under different error ranges and no load. The transmission efficiency is 32.94% when coaxiality is within the allowable error range. The results verify the accuracy of the model. At the same time, when the concentricity exceeds the allowable range of error, it will have a great impact on the transmission efficiency. The design of the coaxiality adjustment mechanism of the RV reducer performance detection device has certain theoretical significance and practical value.
Error Analysis of Integrated Six-Light-Screen Array Measurement Model
Authors: Chen Rui , Ji Bowen , Duan Chenxi
Published: December 2021

The light-screen array measurement method is very suitable for measuring the coordinates of rapid-fire weapons, and the measurement error is determined by the measurement model. In this paper, the separated light-screen array is improved to an integrated light-screen array, which reduces the parameters and optimizes the measurement model. Three kinds of factors affecting the coordinate measurement error of the projectile under the integrated measurement model are analysed, and the influence of the factors on the distribution of coordinate measurement errors is simulated and analysed in the selected 1m×1m target area. Then the error distribution of the separated measurement model and the integrated measurement model is simulated and analysed under the same conditions based on the design values and current technology level. The result shows that compared with the separated measurement model under the same simulation conditions, the comprehensive coordinate measurement error is optimized by about 2.1mm within 1m×1m target area. The research can provide reference for the design and optimization of light-screen array and other similar photoelectric measurement systems, and provide new ideas for improving the coordinate measurement precision of therapid-fire weapons.
An Integrity Measurement Scheme for Containerized Virtual Network Function
Authors: Qian Dazan , Guo Songhui , Sun Lei , Hao Qianfang , Song Yunfan , Wang Miao
Published: December 2021

The deployment of virtual network function (VNF) in the container can realize the 5G service-based architecture (SBA) with high flexibility. The container carrying the VNF has poor isolation and low protection capabilities, and there is a security risk of being tampered and replaced. Current security protection technologies such as access control, intrusion detection, and virus detection cannot ensure that the container is not illegally modified. In order to fundamentally protect the integrity of containerized VNFs, this paper proposes a containerized VNF trust measurement scheme container integrity measurement (CIM). The scheme extends the chain of trust to bare metal containers and virtual machine containers, and experiments are carried out in a containerized VNF communication environment. The results show that the integrity measurement protection scheme is effective. Compared with ordinary containers, the average CPU usage of trusted containers has increased by 26%, and the average memory usage growth rate is less than 1%, the performance overhead caused by CIM is acceptable.
Simulation Analysis of Detection Area for Flying Wing Layout UAV Using X-Band Bistatic Radar
Authors: Liu Wenjian , Xiong Jiajun , He Song , Lan Xuhui , Xia Liang , Chen Xin
Published: December 2021

The shape design of flying wing UAV can effectively reduce the detection and tracking probability of single-station radar. Bistatic radar has the advantage of anti-stealth for stealth targets due to the characteristics of multi-station distribution. However, there is no literature to study the detection area of flying wing UAV by bistatic radar. To solve this problem, FEKO electromagnetic simulation software is used to establish the X-band electromagnetic model of X-47B UAV, and the bistatic RCS of 0° pitch angle is simulated. According to the bistatic radar equation, the effective detection area of X-47B UAV lateral flight is simulated. The results show that the detection range of bistatic radar is mainly in the vicinity of 5 banded regions and bistatic radar. The five strip regions in the effective detection range correspond to the five bright lines of bistatic RCS one by one. When the baseline of bistatic radar is 20 km, the effective detection range is the largest. The research provides data support for the layout optimization of bistatic radar station and the trajectory optimization of flying wing UAV.
Research on temperature sensitivity of Single-event Transient pulse width in 28-nm bulk technology
Authors: Zhang Bohan , Liang Bin , Fang Yahao
Published: December 2021

The influence of temperature on single-event transient (SET) pulse width has always been a hot issue in the field of anti-irradiation. Based on 3D-TCAD simulation, the temperature sensitivity of the SET pulse width of 28-nm bulk devices has been studied. The simulation results show that the electrical characteristics of the device shows an anti-temperature effect, but the worst case of SET pulse width still occurs at high temperature rather than low temperature. The influence of the triple-well structure on the temperature sensitivity of the SET pulse width has also been studied. The N+ deep well can significantly increase the SET pulse width when hitting NMOS device and enhance the temperature sensitivity of the SET pulse width. The research content of this article will provide reference for the design of radiation resistant chip.
White Noise Tests on the LSTM Model Trained with Double Pendulum
Authors: Wang Xisen
Published: December 2021

This paper describes the intrinsic qualities of a simple double pendulum (DP), with a visual representation, a rigorous deduction of the Lagrangian equation, and a concrete factor analysis. LSTM model was utilized to simulate the double pendulum’s periodic and chaotic behaviors and evaluates the effectiveness of the model. The auto-correlation coefficients was calculated. Meanwhile, Box-Pierce test and Ljung-Box tests for various state-dependent time series were conducted to give various initial conditions to explore the DP system’s random characteristics. The research results are as follows: 1) Chaos did not lead to direct randomness; 2) seasonality could coexist with chaos; 3) the highly auto-regressive nature of DP’s time series data are found. Therefore, it can be concluded that the chaos in a double pendulum has particular patterns (such as the positive relationship with the likelihood of being a random white noise series) that could be further explored.
Kinematic analysis and simulation of 6-DOF vehicle driving simulator
Authors: Shu Wenbin , Yan Haonan , Meng Lijun
Published: December 2021

In order to reasonably design the six degrees of freedom turntable (hereinafter referred to as the transfer table), based on the structure size and motion index parameters of the turntable, The motion mechanics calculation model was established to simulate and analyze the mechanical variation curve of singing platform under different motion modes. The analysis shows that when the upper platform load and the component mass are 3000 kg, the maximum action force of the rotating platform support moving cylinder is 1376.4 kg.
Multi-sensor recognition of human pressure
Authors: Meng Xianyu , Wang Qi , Liu Hongsheng , Yu Xiquan
Published: December 2021

At present, skin pressure ulcers are a common problem in the care of bedridden patients. Solving this problem usually involves turning the patient over regularly, which requires a lot of manpower and material resources. This paper designs a human body pressure recognition model, which can solve the problem of human pressure ulcers very well in combination with intelligent nursing beds. This paper collects the bone data of the human body by using the Kinect sensor, and then processes the collected data. The film pressure sensor is used to collect the pressure information of the human body, and the pressure information is matched with the bone data of the human body, so as to obtain the pressure of the corresponding part of the human body, and judge the current posture of the human body through the pressure information. When the pressure of the compression part of the human body reaches the threshold, the intelligent nursing bed automatically turns over to reduce the pressure of the compression part of the human body.
Simulation Research on System Characteristics of Valve Opening Curve of Bidirectional Water Transfer System
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Yu Jian , Cai Biaohua , Xiao Longzhou , Zou Yujing
Published: December 2021

Due to long pipelines, complex hydraulic conditions, and high flow rate, Bidirectional Water Transfer System of ship is prone to producing Water Hammer Effect when the valve opens and closes, which has a great impact on the pipeline system. In this paper, Flowmaster software is used to simulate the Bidirectional Water Transfer System to study the system characteristics under different valve opening curves. The simulation results show that when the valve opens and closes, Bidirectional Water Transfer System will have a large pressure mutation. But the pressure changes of the stepped and the stepped curve opening curves are smaller and smoother than that of the linear opening curve. But the stepped and the stepped curve opening curves can’t eliminate the pressure and flow rate mutation when the valve opens and closes; In addition, the stepped and the stepped curve opening curves can effectively improve the phenomenon of water flowing out of the reservior, and effectively avoid the phenomenon of gas flowing into the reservior.
The Development of an Intelligent Zinc Oxide Lighting Arrester Tester
Authors: Liu Aihua , Ma Shuning
Published: December 2021

Zinc oxide arrester is often used as lightning protection device in 10KV distribution network. In order to check the reliable operation of the zinc oxide arrester, preventive tests are often carried out. In this project, the intelligent tester adopts high-precision clamp current mutual inductance technology as the front-end acquisition mode of current signals; Magnetic isolation technology is used to ensure the accuracy of current and voltage sampling and the anti-interference ability and testing accuracy of the instrument are improved by using fast Fourier transform for data processing. The integrated application of several technologies provides a basis for judging the operating state of the 10kV zinc oxide arrester. The charged measurement of operating parameters of 10kV zinc oxide arrester is realized and the measurement efficiency is improved.
Research of Light Field Technology
Authors: Yu Zhangsi , Yang Houcheng , Yan Yinxin , Zhang Ning
Published: December 2021

Light field technology is a relatively new theory and technical direction. At present, it has played a significant role in scientific research, production and life, national defense and military, but there are still many problems to be solved in terms of theoretical description, technical implementation, software and hardware processing capabilities, commercialization costs, and ease of use. Therefore, research the light field technology, explore the principle and application of light field imaging, and put forward some enlightenments for its application in industrial machine vision.
Strength analysis and method research of a light truck powertrain mounting system
Authors: Lai Yudong , Sun Shiping , Yu Xianzhong , Wu Hexing , Hui Huang , Qiu Xing
Published: December 2021

This paper presents an integral strength checking method to solve the problem that the step-by-step strength checking method cannot check the strength of metal parts in the rubber mounting system of light truck powertrain. By establishing an integral finite element model including powertrain and rubber mount system and considering the rubber bearing and force transfer mode, the motion coordination and overall analysis of mount system and powertrain are realized. The calculation results show that the proposed method can easily and accurately complete the strength check of metal parts of the mounting system, which provides a reference for the structural design of the mounting system.
The relationship between the single event upset and the order of sensitive transistors in flip-flop layout
Authors: Fang Yahao , Liang Bin , Zhang Bohan
Published: December 2021

Traditionally, it is believed that only reverse biased PN junctions can collect ionized electron-hole pairs. Therefore, only the drain of the transistor in the off-state can be considered as a sensitive node, which is easy to absorb charge and cause upset. This paper finds that on-state transistors can also become sensitive nodes. This paper studies the relationship between SEU and the order of transistors in the flip-flop layout. It is found that the adjacent placement of on-state sensitive transistors can promote the occurrence of SEU, and a targeted hardened plan is proposed. The results of this paper are helpful for the design of the radiation-resistant layout of the flip-flop.
An Integration Model for Text Classification using Graph Convolutional Network and BERT
Authors: Xue Bingxin , Zhu Cui , Wang Xuan , Zhu Wenjun
Published: December 2021

Recently, Graph Convolutional Neural Network (GCN) is widely used in text classification tasks, and has effectively completed tasks that are considered to have a rich relational structure. However, due to the sparse adjacency matrix constructed by GCN, GCN cannot make full use of context-dependent information in text classification, and cannot capture local information. The Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers (BERT) has been shown to have the ability to capture the contextual information in a sentence or document, but its ability to capture global information about the vocabulary of a language is relatively limited. The latter is the advantage of GCN. Therefore, in this paper, Mutual Graph Convolution Networks (MGCN) is proposed to solve the above problems. It introduces semantic dictionary (WordNet), dependency and BERT. MGCN uses dependency to solve the problem of context dependence and WordNet to obtain more semantic information. Then the local information generated by BERT and the global information generated by GCN are interacted through the attention mechanism, so that they can influence each other and improve the classification effect of the model. The experimental results show that our model is more effective than previous research reports on three text classification data sets.
Harmonic detection algorithm based on Nuttall double-window all-phase Fast Fourier Transform trispectral interpolation
Authors: Su Yukun , Cao Rong , Hao Wenbo , Xu Mingyu , Hu Heng , Jiang Peng , Zhou Feng
Published: December 2021

In harmonic detection of power grid, spectrum leakage of traditional FFT algorithm affects the accuracy of detection results. In this paper, a Nuttall double-window all-phase FFT trispectral interpolation algorithm is proposed. The phase of the spectral line with the maximum amplitude at the sampling point is taken as the initial phase of the signal, and the position of the main harmonic line is determined by using the amplitudes of the three spectral lines near the harmonic peak frequency point. Simulation results show that this algorithm can reduce the error of harmonic parameter detection more effectively and reduce the influence of white noise.
Image recognition algorithms based on deep learning
Authors: Ma Hongli , Xie Fang , Chen Tao , Liang Lei , Lu Jie
Published: December 2021

Convolutional neural network is a very important research direction in deep learning technology. According to the current development of convolutional network, in this paper, convolutional neural networks are induced. Firstly, this paper induces the development process of convolutional neural network; then it introduces the structure of convolutional neural network and some typical convolutional neural networks. Finally, several examples of the application of deep learning is introduced.
Classification of Magnetic Tile Surface Defects Based on Efficientnet Network with Attention
Authors: Fan Chengshuai
Published: December 2021

The magnetic tile image has the characteristics of uneven illumination, complex surface texture, and low contrast. Aiming at the problem that the traditional defect detection algorithm is difficult to accurately identify the defects, and the deep learning algorithm is difficult to balance the classification accuracy and the size of the speed model, a defect classification algorithm based on attention-based EfficientNet is proposed. The algorithm first enhances the network’s spatial and location information for image features by integrating the Convolutional Block Attention Module, and improves the network’s ability to identify defects. Then, on this basis, Criss-Cross Attention is added to the network, so that the network can better the context information of the horizontal and vertical cross of image features, so that each pixel can finally capture the full image dependency of all pixels. Experimental results show that the algorithm has higher classification accuracy than EfficientNet-B0, reached 99.11%, and has a better balance between accuracy, speed and model size than other classification models.
Optimistic locating method of transformer voiceprint based on beam and delay algorithm
Authors: Xu Honghua , Yi Laibing , Li Yong , Chen Shoulong , Zhu Lei , Xin Shuaikui
Published: December 2021

In view of the on-line inspection mode of transformer voiceprint information during operation, an optimistic location method is proposed to assist the acoustic print diagnosis for fault identification, location and further evaluation work. Firstly, according to the directional location algorithm of antenna array (Beamforming), traditional directional location is extended to general spatial location. Then on the basis of TDOA(Time Difference Of Arrival) algorithm of time domain signal characteristic analysis, integrated weighted processing and data centralization, on the one hand, reduce the edge value, on the other hand, correct the trend of bad data, and improve the existing cross-correlation operation. The simulation results show that the optimized beam-based and weighted TDOA algorithm has excellent performance in 2D localization of transformer voiceprint. These research results can provide a basis for transformer online monitoring and voice print diagnosis.
Contrasting biophysical and societal impacts of hydro-meteorological extremes
Authors: Orth Rene , O Sungmin , Zscheischler Jakob , Mahecha Miguel D , Reichstein Markus
Published: December 2021

Extreme hydrological and meteorological conditions can severely affect ecosystems, parts of the economy, and consequently society. These impacts are expected to be aggravated by climate change. Here we analyze and compare the impacts of multiple types of extreme events across several domains in Europe, to reveal corresponding impact signatures. We characterize the distinct impacts of droughts, floods, heat waves, frosts and storms on a variety of biophysical and social variables at national level and half-monthly time scale. We find strong biophysical impacts of droughts, floods, heat waves and frosts, while public attention and property damage are more affected by storms and floods. We show unexpected impact patterns such as reduced human mortality during floods and storms. Comparing public attention anomalies with impacts across all other considered domains we find that attention on droughts is comparatively low despite the significant overall impacts. Resolving these impact patterns highlights large-scale vulnerability and supports regional extreme event management to consequently reduce disaster risks.
Drivers of global nitrogen emissions
Authors: Malik Arunima , Oita Azusa , Shaw Emily , Li Mengyu , Ninpanit Panittra , Nandel Vibhuti , Lan Jun , Lenzen Manfred
Published: December 2021

Nitrogen is crucial for sustaining life. However, excessive reactive nitrogen (Nr) in the form of ammonia, nitrates, nitrogen oxides or nitrous oxides affects the quality of water, air and soil, resulting in human health risks. This study aims to assess the drivers of Nr emissions by analysing six determinants: nitrogen efficiency (Nr emissions per unit of production), production recipe (inter-sectoral dependencies), final demand composition (consumption baskets of households), final demand destination (consumption vs. investment balance), affluence (final consumption per capita) and population. To this end, we construct a detailed multi-regional input-output database featuring data on international trade between 186 countries to undertake a global structural decomposition analysis of a change in global Nr emissions from 1997 to 2017. Our analysis shows that nitrogen efficiency has improved over the assessed time-period, however affluence, final demand destination and population growth have resulted in an overall increase in Nr emissions. We provide a global perspective of the drivers of nitrogen emissions at a detailed country level, and breakdown the change in emissions into contribution from domestic footprint and rest-of-world footprint. We highlight that food production coupled with growing international trade is increasing Nr emissions worldwide.
An encounter-based approach for restricted diffusion with a gradient drift
Authors: Grebenkov Denis S
Published: December 2021

We develop an encounter-based approach for describing restricted diffusion with a gradient drift toward a partially reactive boundary. For this purpose, we introduce an extension of the Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator and use its eigenbasis to derive a spectral decomposition for the full propagator, i.e. the joint probability density function for the particle position and its boundary local time. This is the central quantity that determines various characteristics of diffusion-influenced reactions such as conventional propagators, survival probability, first-passage time distribution, boundary local time distribution, and reaction rate. As an illustration, we investigate the impact of a constant drift onto the boundary local time for restricted diffusion on an interval. More generally, this approach accesses how external forces may influence the statistics of encounters of a diffusing particle with the reactive boundary.
Align, then memorise: the dynamics of learning with feedback alignment*
Authors: Refinetti Maria , d’Ascoli Stéphane , Ohana Ruben , Goldt Sebastian
Published: December 2021

Direct feedback alignment (DFA) is emerging as an efficient and biologically plausible alternative to backpropagation for training deep neural networks. Despite relying on random feedback weights for the backward pass, DFA successfully trains state-of-the-art models such as transformers. On the other hand, it notoriously fails to train convolutional networks. An understanding of the inner workings of DFA to explain these diverging results remains elusive. Here, we propose a theory of feedback alignment algorithms. We first show that learning in shallow networks proceeds in two steps: an alignment phase, where the model adapts its weights to align the approximate gradient with the true gradient of the loss function, is followed by a memorisation phase, where the model focuses on fitting the data. This two-step process has a degeneracy breaking effect: out of all the low-loss solutions in the landscape, a network trained with DFA naturally converges to the solution which maximises gradient alignment. We also identify a key quantity underlying alignment in deep linear networks: the conditioning of the alignment matrices. The latter enables a detailed understanding of the impact of data structure on alignment, and suggests a simple explanation for the well-known failure of DFA to train convolutional neural networks. Numerical experiments on MNIST and CIFAR10 clearly demonstrate degeneracy breaking in deep non-linear networks and show that the align-then-memorize process occurs sequentially from the bottom layers of the network to the top.