bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN UKRAINE
Authors: DOBRYANSKA Natalia , LAGODIIENKO Volodymyr , TORISHNYA Lyudmila
Published: November 2022

Introduction. Today, the country is in energy import dependence, so there is a sharp problem of reorientation of needs and proposals related to the country's energy development. Despite the significant contribution of scientists to the development of theoretical and practical aspects of the introduction of renewable energy sources in Ukraine, a number of problems remain unresolved, in particular, in terms of benefits and prospects for the use of alternative energy sources in Ukraine.
The purpose of this article is to determine the prospects and positive impact of the use of renewable energy sources in Ukraine.
Results. The world is experiencing a rapid development of renewable energy, which is associated with the depletion of traditional energy resources, growing negative impact of energy on the environment, rising prices for traditional energy resources, as well as the desire of countries around the world for energy security and independence. Given Ukraine's growing energy dependence on Russian energy supplies and the constant rise in energy prices, the developing energy-intensive national economy suffers significant losses, leading to lower production and slowing down socio-economic development. Therefore, the issue of reducing energy dependence through the formation of an effective program of energy conservation and development of alternative energy in Ukraine should be considered as strategically important and in need of urgent solution. The main and most effective areas of renewable energy in Ukraine are wind energy, solar energy, bioenergy, hydropower, geothermal energy.
Conclusions. The main modern views on the definition of “renewable energy sources” are studied. The energy strategy of Ukraine until 2035 is analyzed. The main advantages of renewable energy and its positive impact on the environment are identified. The most powerful solar power plants and wind power plants in Ukraine are listed. It is concluded that the use of renewable energy sources is environmentally friendly, modern, safe and resource efficient.
Key words: renewable energy sources, solar energy, wind energy, biofuel, hydropower.
CURRENT STATE OF DAIRY LIVESTOCK IN UKRAINE
Authors: ANTOSHCHENKOVA Vitalina
Published: November 2022

Introduction. The article examines the current state and dynamics of dairy farming in Ukraine as one of the leading industries. Its purpose is to ensure milk production amounts that meet the standards of state food security and conditions for expanding the export potential of the domestic economy. Despite the fact that milk production in Ukraine is profitable, it does not restrain the negative trends of catastrophic reduction of cows and milk production. The level of development of the agro-industrial complex, including dairy farming, depends on the social and food stability of the economic system of the district, region and the state as a whole.
The purpose of this work is to assess the state of dairy farming in Ukraine, the development of theoretical provisions and practical recommendations for improving the efficiency of production and sale of milk in agricultural enterprises.
Research methodology. The methods of analysis and synthesis, abstract-logical are used (formation of theoretical generalizations and conclusions), economic-mathematical, statistical, comparison and generalization.
Results. The milk production and its structure, the number of cows and their structure by categories of farms in Ukraine for 1990-2019; the volume and structure of gross agricultural output for 1990-2019 (at constant prices in 2016) were studied in the article. The grouping of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine by the number of cows, which was available at the beginning of 2020; an assessment of the efficiency of milk production and sales in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine for 2005, 2010 and 2018 have been provided.
Conclusions. It was found that the purchase price of milk, both from agricultural enterprises and from households supplied to milk processing enterprises, is almost three times lower than the final retail price. It is proposed to increase the economic efficiency of milk production by resolving the contradictions between agricultural and dairy enterprises, as well as other subjects of agro-industrial production in the process of achieving their economic interests in providing the population with quality dairy products.
Keywords: agro-industrial production, livestock industry, dairy farming, economic efficiency, productivity, profitability.
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF ASSESSING THE ABILITY OF THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: TKACHUK Halyna , RIBALKO Sergiy
Published: November 2022

Introduction. An important place in the economic security of the enterprise is the assessment of its condition and level, justified by the need to reliably assess the degree of risk of business processes or individual changes, including transformational ones, and assess the ability of the economic security system to effectively deal with real dangers and their destructive consequences. In the adaptation conditions of the economic security system of the enterprise to functioning in the period of transformational transformations, it is actual to carry out an estimation of its ability within the limits of the general estimation of system of economic security. The relevance of this study is also confirmed by the insufficient level of coverage of this issue in the scientific literature and the practical vector of application. The purpose of this article is to substantiate the methodological approach to assessing the ability of the economic security of the enterprise to operate in transformation. Results. This article substantiates the need to assess the ability of the economic security system of the enterprise to counteract the possible threats of transformations or to eliminate their destructive consequences. The criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of the adaptive system of economic security of the enterprise are determined. The use of a methodical approach to assessing the ability of the system through testing is proposed. The technique of testing the ability of the economic security system of the enterprise is formed. The structure of the basic test of an ability estimation of economic security system of the enterprise is offered. An example of test questions of the basic test of assessing the capacity of the economic security system is given. Schemes of interpretation of results of an ability estimation of economic security system which has four levels of an estimation and allows to model acceptance of operational and strategic decisions in the management system of economic security of the enterprise are offered. Conclusions. The method of assessing the state and level of economic security of a modern enter-prise needs to be improved due to the need to adapt the economic security system to functioning in transformations. The proposed methodological approach to assessing the capacity of the econo-mic security system is of practical importance and can be used in enterprises of various industries. A real assessment of the ability of the economic security system of the enterprise to counteract the probable threats of transformations or to eliminate their destructive consequences is the basis for making effective management decisions on the application of preventive security measures. Ключові слова: economic security, assessment of the economic security, capacity of the system, transformations, enterprise.
ACTUAL ISSUES OF MONETARY POLICY TO ENSURE RECOVERY AND SUSTAINABLE GROWTH OF THE UKRAINIAN ECONOMY
Authors: DANYLYSHYN Bohdan , BOHDAN Ivan
Published: November 2022

The article covers the issues of the monetary policy modernization in Ukraine. Particular attention is paid to the issue of ensuring the optimal interrelations between the inflation target and benchmark for real GDP growth. Authors argue that strict parameters of inflation targeting through 2017-2019 were counterproductive, since they were implemented under the critically low level of household savings (in 2019 - negative savings) and, together with other factors, led to a critical reduction in aggregate demand, a slowdown in economic activity and a decrease in the GDP’s monetization ratio. Based on the empirical data, authors suggest that a reasonable benchmark for medium-term growth of real GDP in Ukraine is 6% per year. The authors elaborate a new range of tasks for the central bank, compatible with the harmonious attainment of the low inflation target, financial stability goal and economic growth goal. The authors' proposals can be incorporated into the preparation of the Basic Principles of Monetary Policy of Ukraine for 2021 and for the medium run.
Keywords: monetary policy, inflation targeting, national saving, economic growth.
AZƏRBAYCANDA HOLDİNQ ŞİRKƏTLƏRİNİN VƏ MALİYYƏ SƏNAYE QRUPLARININ İDARƏETMƏ SİSTEMİNİN TƏKMİLLƏŞDİRİLMƏSİ
Authors: Natavan Ələkbərova, Esmira Məmmədova Natavan Ələkbərova, Esmira Məmmədova
Published: November 2022

İqtisadiyyatın transformasiyası prosesində biznesin müxtəlif təşkilati formaları: səhmdar cəmiyyətləri, maliyyə-sənaye qrupları, holdinq şirkətləri yaradılmışdır. Korporativ idarəetmənin müasir strukturu olan holdinq şirkəti ticarət, maliyyə və digər kommersiya fəaliyyətini birgə həyata keçirən qarşılıqlı əlaqəli hüquqi şəxslərin məcmusudur. Holdinq şirkətlərinin aktivlərinin çox hissəsi başqa kompaniyaların, səhmdar cəmiyyətlərinin səhmləri təşkil edir. Məqalədə Azərbaycanda mövcud olan holdinq şirkətlərinin idarəetmə xüsusiyyətlərindən bəhs edilir, bu sistem araşdırmaya cəlb edilir.
Açar sözlər: holdinq şirkətləri, sərmaye qrupları, idarəetmə, iqtisadiyyat, təkmilləşdirmə.
СОСТОЯНИЕ ПАТОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПРОСОНОЧНОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ В СУДЕБНО-ПСИХИАТРИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ
Authors: Билал Асадов, Насими Вагабов Билал Асадов, Насими Вагабов
Published: November 2022

В статье приводится случай патологического просоночного состояния, развившийся у лица, обвиняемого в совершении тяжкого правонарушения и диагностированный в период проведения судебно-психиатрической экспертизы.
Ключевые слова: исключительные состояния психики, патологическое просоночное состояние, обвиняемый, астения, бессонница, экспертиза, экспертное заключение.
UŞAQLIQ CİSMİNİN VƏ BOYUNUN ENDOKRİN-HÜCEYRƏLİ XƏRÇƏNGİNİN DİAQNOSTİKASI VƏ KLİNİK-MORFOLOJİ PARALELLƏRİ
Authors: Rəna Qurbanova, Şəfəq Əsədova, Şərifə Vahabova Rəna Qurbanova, Şəfəq Əsədova, Şərifə Vahabova
Published: November 2022

Mövzunun aktuallığı
Qadın daxili cinsiyyət üzvlərinin şiş xəstəlikləri, həmçinin uşaqlıq cisminin vəə uşaqlıq boynunun xərçəngi son onilliklərdə durmadan artır (3, 4, 7, 8). ÜST-nin Ekspertlər qrupunun məlumatına görə, dünyanın müxtəlif regionlarında hər iki lokalizaısiyalı xərçənglə xəstələnmə göstəriciləri son 25 il müddətində 4-6 dəfə artmışdır (8, 11, 12). Dünyada hər il uşaqlıq cisminin və boyunun xərçəngi (UCX, UBX) ilə 970000 qadın aşkarlanır, 44000 xəstə isə vəfat edir (9). Göstərilən qanuna uyğunluq MDB ölkələrinə, o cümlədən Azərbaycana da aiddir (1, 5, 6). 1994-1999-cu illərin məlumatları göstərir ki, ölkə və onun ayrı-ayrı regionları, o cümlədən Bakı şəhəri üzrə, müvafiq şişlərlə xəstələnmə göstəriciləri azalmağa meyilli deyildir. Üstəlik, son 12-15 il ərzində bu şişlər, xüsusilə də, uşaqlıq boyunun karsinoması xeyli “cavanlaşmışdır” və hazırda reproduktiv yaşlı qadınlarda daha cox təsadüf edilir (2, 7, 10, 13).
BEYNƏLXALQ VALYUTA ARXİTEKTURASININ MÜASİR MƏRHƏLƏSİNDƏ MONETAR ƏMƏKDAŞLIĞIN XÜSUSİYYƏTLƏRİ VƏ PERSPEKTİVLƏRİ
Authors: Azər Həsənli Azər Həsənli
Published: November 2022

Məqalədə beynəlxalq monetar əməkdaşlığın müasir səciyyəvi amilləri və perspektivləri təhlil edilmişdir. İlk olaraq müəllif makroiqtisadi siyasət koordinasiyasının fayda və çətinliklərini makroiqtisadi və qlobal aspektlərdən təhlil etmişdir. Daha sonra isə beynəlxalq monetar əməkdaşlığının başlıca konyunktur və iqtisadi siyasət amilləri təhlil edilmişdir.
Müasir mərhələdə üzən məzənnə rejimlərinin dominantlığı, kapital axınlarının mobilliyi və qlobal maliyyə tsikllərinin təsir imkanlarının genişlənməsi dayanıqlı beynəlxalq monetar əməkdaşlıq üçün yeni imkanlar və məhdudiyyətlər doğurur. Bu proseslər diskret siyasət çərçivələrinin genişlənməsinə və beynəlxalq valyuta arxitekturasında daha geniş miqyaslı volatilliklərə yol açır. İqtisadi qloballaşmanın sərhədləri və milli dövlətlərin suverenliyi dilemması fonunda ölkələrə daha geniş suverenlik və siyasət manevri imkanları verən regional əməkdaşlıq mexanizmlərinin əhəmiyyəti sürətlə artır. Lakin bu təşəbbüslərin institutlaşma məhdudiyyətləri və milli dövlətlərin suverenlik sərhədlərinin qeyri-müəyyənliyi regional maliyyələşmə mexanizmlərinin qlobal likvidlik təminatı və beynəlxalq monetar əməkdaşlığın təmin edilməsindəki gələcək rolu ilə bağlı yeni çağırışlar doğurur.
Açar sözlər: beynəlxalq valyuta arxitekturası, beynəlxalq monetar əməkdaşlıq, üzən məzənnə rejimləri, monetar suverenlik.
PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN WANITA USIA SUBUR TENTANG PEMERIKSAAN IVA DI RUANG KIA RSUD KOTA BEKASI
Authors: Maryati Sutarno  , Resi Galaupa  , Lili Falikhatun
Published: November 2022

Pendahuluan: Di Indonesia sendiri, diperkirakan 15.000 kasus baru kanker serviks terjadi setiap tahunnya, sedangkan angka kematiannya diperkirakan 7.500 kasus pertahun. Angka kejadian kanker serviks menurut kota Surabaya menempati posisi pertama dengan angka 9761 kasus dan DKI Jakarta menempati urutan ke 2 dengan angka 5411 kasus (M.F Rozi, 2013). Banyaknya penderita kanker serviks salah satu nya disebabkan oleh rendahnya pengetahuan perempuan tentang kanker serviks, rendahnya cakupan deteksi dini kanker serviks dan belum semua wanita usia subur mengetahui cara deteksi dini kanker serviks. Berdasarkan sensus penduduk (SP) 2009 wanita usia 15-24 tahun berjumlah 40,75 juta dari seluruh penduduk yang berjumlah 23,6 juta jiwa, sebesar 25,4 % yang pengetahuannya rendah ( Badan Pusat Statistik, 2013). Metode: Metode yang digunakan dalam program pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah dengan penyuluhan kesehatan tentang pemeriksaan IVA. Hasil: Hasil kegiatan penyuluhan didapatkan peningkatan pengetahuan tentang pentingnya pemeriksaan IVA Kesimpulan: Implikasi dari hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah perlu dilakukanya penyuluhan kesehatan tentang pentingnya pemeriksaan IVA.
Neue Inschriften aus Bilecik 2
Authors: AKYÜREK ŞAHİN Nalan Eda , UZUNOĞLU Hüseyin
Published: November 2022

This paper, in which we introduce new inscriptions found in various villages of Bilecik province, is a continuation of the paper we published in the previous issue of Gephyra (23, 2022). Most of the inscriptions are probably still standing in their find-spots where they were discovered, with an exception inscription number 40, today preserved in the Bilecik museum. We did not see most of the inscriptions in person, but we attempted to read them from the photographs and hand-copies that the museum staff had made and provided me (N. E. Akyürek Şahin) many years ago. At that time, I was asked to read and translate these inscriptions, and I had obtained the publication rights of these monuments. During my work at the Bilecik Museum, we had the opportunity to visit the find-spot of the inscription number 5 accompanied by the museum staff and recorded it. We have categorized the inscriptions according to their find-spots, i.e. the districts of Bilecik province. The inscriptions predominantly consist of funerary inscriptions of a similar type, while there are two epigrams (nos. 31-32) and a few Christian inscriptions dating from Late Antiquity (nos. 34-36 and 39). In general, the inscriptions mainly date from the 2nd or 3rd centuries A.D.
The Minimum Number of Spanning Trees in Regular Multigraphs
Authors: Pekárek Jakub , Sereni Jean-Sébastien , Yilma Zelealem B.
Published: November 2022

In a recent article, Bogdanowicz determines the minimum number of spanning trees a connected cubic multigraph on a fixed number of vertices can have and identifies the unique graph that attains this minimum value. He conjectures that a generalized form of this construction, which we here call a padded paddle graph, would be extremal for d-regular multigraphs where $d\geq 5$ is odd.

We prove that, indeed, the padded paddle minimises the number of spanning trees, but this is true only when the number of vertices, $n$, is greater than $(9d+6)/8$. We show that a different graph, which we here call the padded cycle, is optimal for $n<(9d+6)/8$ . This fully determines the $d$-regular multi-graphs minimising the number of spanning trees for odd values of $d$.

We employ the approach we develop to also consider and completely solve the even degree case. Here, the parity of $n$ plays a major role and we show that, apart from a handful of irregular cases when both $d$ and $n$ are small, the unique extremal graphs are padded cycles when $n$ is even and a different family, which we call fish graphs, when $n$ is odd.
Desmantelamento e desregulação de políticas ambientais e apropriação da terra e de bens naturais no Cerrado
Authors: Da Silva Patrícia , Sauer Sérgio
Published: November 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é, com base nos processos recentes de desmantelamento de políticas, fazer uma reflexão sobre instrumentos de compensação ambiental, especificamente sobre a Compensação de Reserva Legal (CRL) e sobre o Cadastro Ambiental Rural (CAR), previstos na Lei nº 12.651, de 2012. A flexibilização de normas ambientais tem influência direta nos processos de grilagem de terras, recentemente pautados em narrativas sustentáveis, com apropriação ou grilagem verde, ou a chamada ‘green grabbing’. Esses processos, a partir de 2019, se tornam mais agudos com o enfraquecimento das políticas de fiscalização e dos órgãos ambientais e o expressivo avanço das mudanças legais e infralegais, em matéria ambiental e fundiária, que reforçam mecanismos de mercantilização da terra e dos bens da natureza no Cerrado.
Technology of gluten-free bread on fermented tea leaves.
Authors:   St. Petersburg branch Scientific Research Institute for the Baking Industry, Parakhina O.I. , Savkina O.A. ,   St. Petersburg branch Scientific Research Institute for the Baking Industry, Kuznetsova L.I. ,   St. Petersburg branch Scientific Research Institute for the Baking Industry, Gavrilova T.A. ,   St. Petersburg branch Scientific Research Institute for the Baking Industry, Nutchina M.A. ,   St. Petersburg branch Scientific Research Institute for the Baking Industry, Frolova Yu.M. ,   St. Petersburg branch Scientific Research Institute for the Baking Industry
Published: November 2022

Статья посвящена разработке биотехнологии сброженной заварки на основе новых высокоактивных штаммов молочнокислых бактерий и дрожжей для производства безглютеновых хлебобулочных изделий. Исследования проводились в Санкт-Петербургском филиале ФГАНУ «НИИ хлебопекарной промышленности» в рамках темы госзадания № 0593–2019– 0008 «Разработать теоретические основы создания композитных смесей для хлебобулочных изделий с использованием физических методов воздействия, обеспечивающих гомогенность, стабильность смесей и биодоступность нутриентов, для оптимизации рационов питания населения России». Объектами исследования являлись осахаренные и сброженные заварки на основе муки из зеленой гречки, хлебобулочные изделия. Представлены экспериментальные данные по разработке технологии сброженных заварок, подбору технологических параметров (температуры, продолжительности брожения, соотношения выброженной закваски и питательной смеси) приготовления сброженных заварок в разводочном и производственном циклах. Исследовано влияние сброженных заварок на физико-химические, органолептические показатели качества готовых изделий и их безопасность. Установлено увеличение содержания летучих кислот в сброженных заварках и кислотности готовых изделий при использовании заварок, заквашенных гетероферментативным штаммом L.brevis Е139. Показано, что хлебобулочные изделия, приготовленные с использованием заварки, осахаренной ячменным солодом и сброженной как гетероферментативным штаммом L.brevis Е139, так и гомоферментативным штаммом L.plantarum T138, отличаются большим удельным объемом и лучшей сжимаемостью мякиша по сравнению с хлебобулочными изделиями с использованием заквасок на основе заварки, осахаренной ферментным препаратом альфалифт. В результате проведенных исследований разработана биотехнология сброженной заварки, позволяющей получить безглютеновые хлебобулочные изделия с повышенными физико-химическими, органолептическими показателями качества и безопасностью для диетотерапии при целиакии.
Trampas territoriales de pobreza en Huánuco: periodo 2007-2017
Authors: Tello Cornejo Janeth Leynig , Enciso Gutiérrez Isidro Teodolfo , Contreras Soria César , Martel-Carranza Christian
Published: November 2022

Objetivo. Esta investigación tuvo por objetivo analizar las trampas territoriales de pobreza en Huánuco. Métodos. La metodología que se utilizó tuvo como finalidad medir la estimación de la pobreza multidimensional. Para ello se aplicó una adaptación del índice de pobreza multidimensional (IPM) elaborado por Clausen y Barrantes (2019) y el método de Alkire y Foster (2008; 2011). Resultados. Entre los resultados obtenidos se muestra que los territorios que se encuentran lejos de las ciudades, por lo general, presentan mayores niveles de pobreza. Asimismo, este conjunto de territorios presenta trampas territoriales evidentes. Conclusiones. Las trampas territoriales de pobreza no necesariamente se restringen a límites administrativos o indicadores de pobreza monetaria. A su vez, Huánuco muestra una diversidad de territorios que necesitan ser explorados utilizando otras características de análisis.
Konsumsi Makanan Halal Perspektif Antropologi
Authors: Muhamad Takhim Takhim , Lia Sari Risti
Published: November 2022

Food which is a dhoruri (basic) human need, is used for the continuity and existence of life. The need for adequate nutritional and vitamin content, food must also pay attention to other aspects. This becomes something crucial when related to anthropology, how human behavior, the environment, the way of family life, settlement patterns, economic and political systems, culture, religion, and so on become integrity that can shape a new human civilization. When linked to economics and politics, halal food can be a source of income and foreign exchange. When associated with culture, halal food becomes a unique and interesting aspect in various forms that are carried out in various ceremonies, rituals, and others. When it comes to religion, there are mandatory rules (obligations) to consume it. This is then integrated and becomes the behavior of the community. This research uses a qualitative method with a literature study digging from various sources of books, journals, newspapers, and others that are relevant, then processed and analyzed to make conclusions. The results of the study state that the struggle for aspects of social culture, and religion accompanied by the development of science and technology has changed human behavior to become a new entrepreneur in the field of halal culinary and has created a consumptive culture in society.
A Review of Blockchain-based Internet of Things
Authors: Yousiff Samaher , Muhajjir Raad
Published: November 2022

The use of smart network applications based on the Internet of Things is increasing, which increases the attractiveness of malicious activities, leading to the need to increase the adequate security of these networks. In this paper, the latest recent breakthroughs in blockchain for the Internet of Things are examined in the context of electronic health (e-health), smart cities, smart transportation, and other applications in this article. Research gaps and possible solutions are discussed, such as security, connection, transparency, privacy, and the IoT’s blockchain regulatory challenges. In addition, the most important consensus algorithms used in the blockchain have been discussed, including Proof of Work, Proof of Stake, and Proof of Authority, each of which operates within certain rules.
Renegotiation in the Real World: A Study of Australian Small to Medium-Sized Enterprises, Contract Variation, and the Law
Authors: Giancaspro Mark
Published: November 2022

The small to medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector is the largest and most productive in Australia. Like all established market-based economies, ours is characterised by the use of contracts as a mechanism for exchange. Contracts often require variation in response to variables such as under-pricing, resource availability, changes in scope, and rising product costs, so SMEs (and larger businesses) will frequently encounter the process of renegotiation. The rules applicable to contract renegotiation seldom receive attention in academic writing. Moreover, the attitudes toward, understandings of, and experiences with the doctrine of renegotiation among Australian SMEs are scarcely researched. This article expounds the law of renegotiation before reporting on selected findings from a largescale empirical study designed to fill these knowledge gaps, among others, in the literature. The results provide invaluable insight into how this critically important sector perceives and deals with contract law and the doctrine of renegotiation and underscores potential areas for improvement.
The Halo Bias inside Cosmic Voids
Authors: Verza Giovanni , Carbone Carmelita , Renzi Alessandro
Published: November 2022

The bias of dark matter halos and galaxies is a crucial quantity in many cosmological analyses. In this work, using large cosmological simulations, we explore the halo mass function and halo bias within cosmic voids. For the first time to date, we show that they are scale dependent along the void profile, and provide a predictive theoretical model of both the halo mass function and halo bias inside voids, recovering for the latter a 1% accuracy against simulated data. These findings may help shed light on the dynamics of halo formation within voids and improve the analysis of several void statistics from ongoing and upcoming galaxy surveys.
Reconciling Parker Solar Probe Observations and Magnetohydrodynamic Theory
Authors: Alberti Tommaso , Benella Simone , Consolini Giuseppe , Stumpo Mirko , Benzi Roberto
Published: November 2022

The Parker Solar Probe mission provides a unique opportunity to characterize several features of the solar wind at different heliocentric distances. Recent findings have shown a transition in the inertial range spectral and scaling properties around 0.4–0.5 au when moving away from the Sun. Here we provide, for the first time, how to reconcile these observational results on the radial evolution of the magnetic and velocity field fluctuations with two scenarios drawn from the magnetohydrodynamic theory. The observed breakdown is the result of the radial evolution of magnetic field fluctuations and plasma thermal expansion affecting the distribution between magnetic and velocity fluctuations. The two scenarios point toward an evolving nature of the coupling between fields that can be also reconciled with Kraichnan and Kolmogorov pictures of turbulence. Our findings have important implications for turbulence studies and modeling approaches.
Religion, fait religieux et management
Authors: Honoré Lionel
Published: November 2022

De part et d’autre de l’Atlantique, des modèles de prise en compte de la religion au travail ont émergé au fil des affaires qui ont opposé, depuis les dernières décennies du XX e  siècle à aujourd’hui salariés et employeurs. Ces modèles mettent en tension une approche centrée sur la tolérance, pour laquelle le fonctionnement organisationnel prime sur une liberté religieuse à laquelle il faut néanmoins faire une place, et une approche centrée sur l’inclusion qui invite à penser les relations de travail et d’emploi à un niveau individuel avec comme point d’entrée les personnes.
Longueur des télomères : de la sénescence cellulaire aux trajectoires du vieillissement humain
Authors: Benetos Athanase
Published: November 2022

Les deux dernières décennies ont permis de comprendre le rôle des télomères dans le vieillissement et la longévité via leur influence directe sur la sénescence réplicative et la capacité de réparation tissulaire. La longueur des télomères est principalement déterminée par des facteurs génétiques et secondairement par l’influence de facteurs environnementaux au cours des premières années de la vie. Les télomères courts ont un rôle causal dans le développement des maladies dégénératives liées à l’âge et la réduction de la longévité. Par conséquent, la longueur des télomères peut être considérée comme un « capital biologique » constitué tôt dans la vie, qui joue un rôle important dans l’équilibre lésion/réparation au niveau cellulaire et tissulaire, et peut ainsi influencer la trajectoire du vieillissement. L’intégration de la longueur des télomères dans un ensemble de données cliniques, biologiques et sociales permettrait de mieux individualiser les stratégies de prévention des maladies liées à l’âge, de la fragilité et de la perte d’autonomie.
Injustice structurelle et répartition des responsabilités de protéger les réfugiés
Authors: Boucher François
Published: November 2022

Au cours des dernières années, plusieurs décideurs et théoriciens politiques ont souligné l’importance de mieux partager les responsabilités de protéger les réfugiés. Ils ont suggéré de renforcer les schèmes de relocalisation des réfugiés et d’aide financière aux États recevant une part disproportionnée de réfugiés. Il s’agit là d’une importante avancée dans la coopération en vue de l’établissement d’un système international de protection des réfugiés plus juste. Toutefois, je tente dans cet article de suggérer que notre compréhension de la responsabilité de protéger les réfugiés gagne à accorder plus d’attention aux processus structurels qui engendrent l’actuel répartition mondiale des réfugiés entre différents États. Cette répartition résulte de la manière dont les décisions de plusieurs acteurs, principalement des États et des demandeurs d’asile, interagissent avec la combinaison de multiples facteurs institutionnels propres au droit international. Je mets en lumière les dynamiques qui façonnent l’actuelle répartition des devoirs de protection des réfugiés afin de défendre la thèse voulant que cette répartition constitue ce qu’Iris Marion Young appelle une injustice structurelle. Je cherche également à montrer en quoi cet angle d’analyse nous permet de raffiner notre compréhension du juste partage des responsabilités envers les réfugiés tout en répondant à quelques objections à l’applicabilité du cadre théorique des injustices structurelles au problème de la répartition des responsabilités envers les réfugiés.
L’espoir et la peur. Première Guerre mondiale, conscription et révolution irlandaise (1916-1918)
Authors: Destenay Emmanuel
Published: November 2022

L’insurrection du 24 avril 1916 reste indissociable de la profonde transformation de la société irlandaise. En plein conflit mondial, alors que les armées britanniques combattent sur le front de la Somme et préparent les grandes offensives de l’été 1916, une poignée de rebelles se soulèvent contre l’Empire britannique. En quelques heures, le centre-ville de Dublin ressemble à un véritable champ de bataille. Les historiens de la révolution irlandaise concluent de manière unanime que l’insurrection bouleverse la société irlandaise et amène progressivement le Sinn Féin (parti indépendantiste irlandais) au pouvoir lors des élections partielles de 1917 et pendant les élections générales de décembre 1918. Or, en plein conflit mondial, la peur du service militaire obligatoire inquiète les populations locales. En sollicitant les fonds d’archives inédits du ministère français des Affaires étrangères et en s’appuyant sur les rapports confidentiels des inspecteurs de la Police royale irlandaise (RIC), il apparaît clairement que les populations rurales redoutaient l’impôt du sang. Les témoins de l’époque (consuls et attachés de la République française, inspecteurs de police, et officiers de renseignements britanniques) jugeaient les peurs liées au service militaire obligatoire responsables non seulement de l’agitation populaire mais également de la popularité du Sinn Féin lors des quatre élections législatives de 1917.
Data Analytics in the Pharmacology Domain
Authors: Helae Maryam Qusay Yousif , Ebrahimi Dariush , Alzhouri Fadi
Published: November 2022

Data mining approaches such as natural language processing play a fundamental role in the healthcare sector and, exclusively, the pharmacology domain. The substantial feedback and experiences shared by the patients on different drugs are employed to perform opinion mining on the reviews, which will help the decision-makers to improve the medications' quality and provide the optimal medical outcomes. Based on that, the drug review data set from the UCI machine learning repository is used. The objective of this study is to conduct a sentiment analysis of the patients' reviews to obtain their satisfaction with different drugs using the random forest (RF) machine learning model. In addition, finding out the best drugs for different conditions based on patients' reviews is done by implementing the long short-term memory. Finally, the authors predict the patients' medical conditions based on their reviews by performing the support vector machine and RF classifiers. The knowledge of the patients' medical condition and satisfaction will lead to a noticeable improvement in the pharmaceutical and medical consequences.
Development of a Computer-Based Tool for Supporting Impact Assessments of EDU4D Projects
Authors: Le Hy Nhu , Overbeek Sietse , van der Stelt Diana , España Sergio
Published: November 2022

Impact assessments are crucial for measuring the effectiveness of developmental projects. However, hurdles such as the complexity, limited applicability, and lack of empirical evidence of impact assessments are hinderances to use impact assessments more widely. Computer-based tools could help ease these problems as they can help the implementation process and foster usage. However, currently there are no computer-based tools available to support ICT for development (ICT4D) impact assessments in the educational domain. For this research, a computer-based tool was developed to support impact assessments of ICT4D projects in education (EDU4D). A literature study was performed and interviews with field experts were conducted to decide upon the requirements. Subsequently, a computer-based tool was developed that aims to guide the user to accurately perform a situational impact assessment method for EDU4D (SIAM-Ed) and to work in low resource environments. Finally, a small pilot study was conducted that showed positive results on the effectiveness of the tool.
Algumas aplicações da aritmética à criptografia
Authors:   FEITEP -  Faculdade de Engenharia e Inovação Técnico Profissional, Andrade Doherte
Published: November 2022

Neste trabalho apresentamos uma aplicação da teoria dos números à criptografia. Como veremos os números primos e a relação de congruência módulo inteiro desempenham um papel importante nesta área. Apresentaremos também alguns exemplos.
Regra de Cramer: por que funciona?
Authors:   FEITEP - Faculdade de Engenharia e Inovação Técnico Profissional, Andrade Doherty
Published: November 2022

Neste trabalho apresentamos uma demonstração bastante elementar o teorema de Cramer. A demonstração utiliza apenas propriedades dos determinantes e matrizes.
Venous Leg Ulcers: Effectiveness of new compression therapy/moist wound healing combination confirmed
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: November 2022

Despite its success, the combined use of moist wound healing and compression therapy in treating venous leg ulcers is rare. Dr Katrin Will of BSN Medical describes how using such a comprehensive therapy concept in daily practice results in excellent healing results and high patient satisfaction.
Evaluation of the use of oral rehydration therapy in the management of diarrhoea among children under 5: knowledge attitudes and practices of mothers/caregivers
Authors: Onwukwe Sergius , Van Deventer Claire , Omole Olu
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Dehydration from diarrhoea and vomiting has remained a threat to the lives of children under 5 years old especially in developing countries. Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) administered by caregivers is lifesaving but evidence shows unsatisfactory implementation of this.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study involving 377 systematically recruited caregivers was conducted. A face to face questionnaire was used to measure the level of ORT knowledge, attitudes, practices, and responses to diarrhoea and vomiting in children. The data collected were analysed by the use of descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, and Fisher’s exact test. The main outcome measures were the level of ORT knowledge of mothers/caregivers, attitudes, practices, and responses to diarrhoea.Results: In total, 88.3% of caregivers were biological mothers. Only 53.3% were aware of the importance of initiating ORT at home with the onset of diarrhoea, and 4% administered traditional remedies. Some 66% of the caregivers had used ORT, 18.3% knew that it prevents dehydration, and 33.7% were able to prepare a correct recipe. Knowledge and attitudes correlated with the ability to initiate ORT at home (p = 0.0000).Conclusion: Unsatisfactory uptake of ORT appears to be due to caregivers’ lack of knowledge concerning the perfect mixture, function, and appropriate quantity of ORT administration. Mothers have heard of ORT, but some still believe that traditional remedies are better in treating diarrhoea.
Multiple cardiovascular disease risk factors in rural Kenya: evidence from a health and demographic surveillance system using the WHO STEP-wise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance
Authors: Chege P. M.
Published: November 2022

Background: To describe the distribution of obesity, hypertension, dysglycaemia and dyslipidaemia (which are risk factors for cardiovascular disease) using a Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) site in western Kenya.Design: Descriptive cross-sectional population survey.Setting: Webuye Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) site in western Kenya.Participants: Persons aged 18 years and above.Interventions: Body mass index (BMI), blood pressure levels, fasting blood sugar and fasting lipid profile.Main outcome measures: Cardiovascular disease risk factors in a rural Kenyan population.Results: The mean age was 44 years and 57% were female. The distribution of BMI was: mean = 20 kg/m2 (range 24–36); 18.5– 25 kg/m2 = 57%; 18.5 kg/m2 = 35%.Distribution of blood pressure levels: Normal in 40%; pre-hypertensive 40%; hypertension stages 1 and 2 was 13% and 8% respectively. Nearly all affected were unaware of their elevated blood pressure. Impaired fasting glucose was found in 4.5% while 6.5% were diabetic. Fasting serum lipid profile was normal in over 85% of the population.Conclusions: This rural population had low BMI with 92% having a BMI below 25 kg/m2 and about 20% of them being in hypertension stage 1 and 2 and nearly all unaware of it. Despite the majority having below normal BMI, it was noted that rates of hypertension increased with increasing BMI. There was significant presence of dysglycaemia but not dyslipidaemia.
Liraglutide for the treatment of obesity
Authors: Bronkhorst Elmien , Schellack Natalie
Published: November 2022

Obesity and being overweight have become significant global health concerns, and may actually be seen as chronic disease conditions or even as a worldwide epidemic. In addition to the necessary life-style modifications required to effect weight-loss, which constitutes an essential healthcare intervention in this patient population, the use of adjunctive pharmacotherapeutic agents is often required. This article provides an overview of the first injectable treatment option, namely liraglutide, in the management of obesity, or of patients that are overweight in the presence of significant co-morbid conditions.
Patient satisfaction with medical consultations among adults attending Mulago hospital assessment centre
Authors: Kabatooroa Angella , Ndoboli Fred , Namatovu Jane
Published: November 2022

Background: Patient satisfaction is known to positively influence patients’ compliance with medical advice. In Africa, and specifically Uganda, this interaction has rarely been put to scientific inquiry. This study aimed to determine the level of patient satisfaction and identify factors influencing satisfaction with medical consultations among adults attending Mulago Assessment Centre.Methods: This was a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study where 384 respondents were interviewed using a structured questionnaire adapted from the Medical Interview Satisfaction Scale (MISS-21) with a four-point Likert scale. Patient satisfaction was measured using four dimensions namely: information provision, clinicians’ communication skills, perceived consulting time and patient’s confidence in the clinician. Respondents’ mean scores were categorised as satisfied or dissatisfied. Multivariate linear regression analysis assessed the effect of independent variables on the regression factor score of the dependent variable. Significance level was set at p 0.05. Final data analysis was done using STATA version 11.0.Results: Of the sample, 53.9% were satisfied with the medical consultation. Patients’ average scores showed lowest satisfaction for information provision (2.7 points) compared with communication skills (3.22 points), patient confidence in the clinicians (3.22 points) and consultation time (3.05 points). Being older, employed, living further away from the health centre and frequently visiting the centre were positively associated with patient satisfaction.Conclusions: Patient satisfaction was largely affected by interpersonal factors. This highlights the need for training of clinicians on the importance of adequate information provision, good communication skills and technical competences like thorough examination of patients and relieving worries about illness during the consultation.
Patient preferences regarding the dress code, conduct and resources used by doctors during consultations in the public healthcare sector in Bloemfontein, Free State
Authors: Van der Merwe J. W. , Rugunanan M. , Ras J. , Röscher E-M , Henderson B. D. , Joubert G.
Published: November 2022

Background: The doctor–patient relationship is important in determining the quality of healthcare provided. This study aimed to identify patient preferences regarding dress code, conduct and resources used by doctors during consultations in the public healthcare sector, Bloemfontein. Information from this study can be of benefit in determining policies and dress codes within hospitals and medical schools.Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. Self-administered anonymous questionnaires were distributed at Bloemfontein’s National District Hospital to patients 18 years and older, waiting in the pharmacy and consultation queues.Results: Of the 500 questionnaires distributed 410 were analysed. Patients preferred doctors to wear formal attire. For female doctors this included a neat blouse (77.9%), smart pants (62.5%) or straight-cut jeans (51.4%) and flat pumps (56.3%). Patients preferred male doctors to wear collared shirts (52.4% and 57.6% for long- and short-sleeved shirts, respectively) with smart pants (66.8%) or straight-cut jeans (45.9%), and smart shoes (70.3%). Patients did not condone eating and drinking by doctors during consultations; work-related calls were deemed acceptable. The use of technological resources was not preferred.Conclusion: Patients in the public healthcare sector prefer a formal, professional consulting environment that is determined largely by the doctor’s attire and conduct during the consultation.
Integrating mental health care services in primary health care clinics: a survey of primary health care nurses’ knowledge, attitudes and beliefs
Authors: Dube Faith , Uys Leana N.
Published: November 2022

Background: Nurses are the main providers of care at primary health care (PHC) clinics; the high incidence of mental health problems at these clinics means that PHC nurses are important providers of mental health care. The PHC nurses’ knowledge regarding provision and identification of mental health problems has been shown to be poor. Aim: The study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs concerning the care of psychiatric patients at PHC level amongst nurses.Setting: The study was conducted in uThungulu Health District in the Northern Area of KwaZulu-Natal Province. Six clinics were purposively selected based on their geographical location.Methods: The study used a quantitative survey using a structured questionnaire. Simple descriptive analysis and one-way ANOVA were used to analyse the data.Results: The study revealed that 39% of the nurses were between the ages of 41 and 50 years and 92% were females. The association between past experience in working with psychiatric patients and positive attitude of nurses was found to be significant.Conclusion: This study found that PHC nurses’ attitudes and beliefs towards people with mental illness were positive. PHC nurses were found to have inadequate knowledge to manage psychiatric patients.
Hypertriglyceridemia-Induced Acute Pancreatitis – Course, Outcome, and Comparison with Non-Hypertriglyceridemia Associated Pancreatitis
Authors: Shafiq Syed , Patil Mallikarjun , Gowda Vinod , Devarbhavi Harshad
Published: November 2022

Background:

Although hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is a well-established cause of acute pancreatitis (AP), there are no definitive management guidelines. Studies comparing clinical severity and outcome of hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis (HTGAP) and non- HTGAP are scarce. Hence, the present study was undertaken.

Materials and Methods:

All consecutive patients admitted with AP from January 2017 to August 2021 at university teaching hospital were included in this study. Data with regards to patient demographics; clinical, laboratory, and radiologic parameters; management strategies; and outcome were collected and compared between HTGAP and non-HTGAP patients.

Results:

Overall, 550 patients with AP were admitted during the study period, of which 21 (3.8%) were HTG related. Mean age of HTGAP patients was 34.3 years (M: F = 14:7), and the mean serum triglyceride (TG) levels on admission were 3,718.9 mg/dL (range 1,094–11,991). Insulin infusion therapy was used in 18 patients with HTGAP and the target TG levels of ≤500 mg/dL was achieved in 4.2 days (mean). Compared to non-HTGAP patients, HTGAP patients had higher body mass index (29.2 vs. 25.6), higher clinical (BISAP 2.6 vs. 2.06) and radiologic severity scores (CT severity score 7.5 v/s 4.8), and required prolonged hospital stay (12.9 vs. 6.5 days).

Conclusion:

HTGAP occurred in young patients with high BMI and was associated with more severe disease, that required prolonged hospitalization than patients with non-HTGAP. Insulin infusion therapy was effective in reducing serum TG levels.
First-in-Class Oral Semaglutide
Authors: Rajput Rajesh , Ghosh Sujoy , Banerjee Samar , Bansal Beena , Chawla Manoj , Ahluwalia Abhay I. , Lathia Tejal , Das Ashok K.
Published: November 2022

Despite the availability of multiple therapeutic options and strategies, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) the world over have inadequate glycaemic control and India is no exception. Patients with T2DM in India have benefitted from glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues similar to that of patients from other parts of the world. However, subcutaneous treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) is limited by their injectable mode of administration. The present review highlights barriers to incretinisation with GLP-1RAs and the role of first-in-class oral semaglutide in the Indian context and provides guidance to physicians on its initiation and uses.