bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Upaya Pencegahan Covid-19 Pendampingan Pembelajaran Keagamaan Non Formal di Rumah Tahfiz Al Umm Dengan Metode Daring (Dsn. Nanggalan Dsa.Babadan kec. Paron Kab.Ngawi)
Authors: Samsudin  , Latifah Nur Khasanah  , Salma Mardhatillah
Published: July 2021

Pendampingan kepada masyarakat sebenar nya memberikan pengaruh yang sangat besar untuk membantu kegiatan belajar mengajar secara daring di era pendemi covid 19,dengan adanya covid 19 ini telah mengganggu proses kegiatan belajar secara konvensional ,maka solusi nya adalah pembelajaran secara daring salah satu alternatif dalam mengatasi masalah tersebut. Tujuan dalam pendampingan masyarakat untuk membantu kegiatan pembelajaran daring di Rumah Thafiz AL-UMM  Dsn. Nanggalan Dsa.Babadan kec.Paron Kab.Ngawi .data dikumpulkan dengan melalui  via whatsapp dengan adanya kegiatan belajar mengajar secara daring. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa santri TPA telah memiliki fasilitas fasilitas dasar yang di butuh kan para santri TPA untuk mengikuti kegiatan belajar mengajar secara daring, dengan pembelajaran daring mampu mendorong keaktifan dalam belajar dan memberikan motivasi untuk mandiri dalam kegiatan belajar  dengan adanya kegiatan belajar mengajar secara daring dapat melakukan sosial distencing  dan meminimalisir munculnya keramaian dapat mengurangi potensi penyebaran covid 19.kelemahannya  dalam pengawasan santri AL- UMM dengan kurang kuatnya sinyal di daerah tersebut dan mahalnya biyaya kuota adalah tantangan tersendiri bagi semua santi TPA AL-UMM.
The Importance of Gestational Age as a Prognostic Factor on Norwood Stage 1 Outcome
Authors: Arslanoğlu Ergin , Kara Kenan Abdurrahman , Hatemi Ali Can , Zümrüt Tan Berra , Şavluk Ömer Faruk , Ukil Işıldak Fatma , Tunçer Eylem , Çine Nihat , Ceyran Hakan
Published: July 2021

Introduction: The Norwood operation performed for hypoplastic left heart syndrome in the neonatal period remains to be a high-risk and difficult surgical procedure. It is known that preterm birth often accompanied by low birth weight is associated with high mortality and morbidity in these patients.

Patients and Methods: The study included 54 patients who underwent the Norwood procedure in our clinic in the period between December 2012 and December 2019. Patient data were evaluated retrospectively; in- cluding gestational week, age, body weight, total bypass time, aortic cross-clamp time, extubation time, the length of stay in the intensive care unit, the length of hospital stay, and the preoperative and postoperative levels of urea, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and platelet counts.

Results: The body weight of the patients ranged from 2350 to 4500 grams with an average of 3296.3 ± 486.7 grams. The age of the patients at the time of operation ranged from 1 to 374 days with an average of 30.31 ± 70.51 days. The comparison of patients by term pregnancies resulted in no statistically significant differences but the comparison by gestational weeks revealed a statistically significant result.

Conclusion: Preoperative risk factors affect prognosis more than the surgical technique and the treatment approach in patients with a functional single ventricle. When the gestational week was evaluated as a preop- erative risk factor for its effects on the postoperative prognosis of stage 1 Norwood operation in our study, it was found that mortality decreased significantly after the 38.8th gestational week (272 gestational days).
Disease Oriented ECMO Results; Specific Considerations for Different Pathologies
Authors: Arslanoğlu Ergin , Kara Kenan Abdurrahman , Yiğit Fatih , Özbek Babürhan , Yavuz Yasemin , Ukil Işıldak Fatma , Tunçer Eylem , Çine Nihat , Ceyran Hakan
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), whose use has increased with technological developments in pediatric heart surgery, is a life-saving treatment modality that is used in patients with cardiac or pulmonary insufficiency who are unresponsive to medical treatment. We investigated the effect of operation technique and cardiac morphology of patients undergoing pediatric cardiac surgery in our clinic on ECMO prognosis in this retrospective cohort study.

Patients and Methods: Seventy patients in need of ECMO after pediatric heart surgery were enrolled be- tween May 2010 and April 2020 in our clinic. 44.3% (n= 31) of patients were female and 55.7% (n= 39) were male. Their ages ranged from 0 to 575 months, with a mean of 32.59 ± 147.26. RACHS-1 was 25%, RACHS-2 was 23.07%, RACHS-3 was 33.33%, RACHS-4 was 35.71%, RACHS-5 was 100%, and RACHS-6 was 50% according to the ECMO result. No statistically significant difference was found between mortality and RACHS scoring.

Results: As a consequence, scoring systems used in the evaluation and measurement of ECMO use in the pediatric age group can be deceptive.

Conclusion: We attribute this to the fact that ECMO is a complex and complicated treatment that affects all systems in general and has a lot of mechanical and physiological complications. We think that the combination of scoring systems used in these patients with other scoring methods will give more accurate results than using them alone.
Healthcare-associated Infections in Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery Intensive Care Unit Between 2016-2020
Authors: Işık Mehmet Emirhan , Arslanoğlu Ergin , Şavluk Ömer Faruk , Ceyran Hakan
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections are the most common problem in intensive care unit world- wide. Children with congenital heart diseases have many complications such as developmental problems, respiratory tract infections, endocarditis, pneumonia and after long-term hospital and intensive care stays and surgeries patients become vulnerable to healthcare-associated infections.

Patients and Methods: The study presents the frequency of infection, microorganisms in patients hospital- ized at Kartal Koşuyolu High Specialization Training and Research Hospital Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery Intensive Care Unit between 2016-2020.

Results: One hundred-eight healthcare-associated infections episodes were seen in 83 of 1920 patients hos- pitalized in Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery Intensive Care Unit between 2016-2020. Healthcare-associated infections rates varied between 4.8% and 7.77% over the years. In the 5-year period, a total of 118 micro- organisms were detected. Among all microorganisms, Candida species (n= 43, 36.4%) ranked first. Central line-associated bloodstream infections 53 (49%), ventilator-associated pneumonia 40 (37%), surgical site in- fection 8 (6.5%), catheter-associated urinary tract infection 7 (6%).

Conclusion: Healthcare-associated infections requires special attention in pediatric cardiovascular intensive care units. In order to prevent, innovations such as bundle applications should be implemented as well as personnel training.
Investigation of Anxiety, Depression and Perceived Caregiving Burden in Parents of Pediatric Patients Undergoing Open Heart Surgery and Being Followed Up in Intensive Care
Authors: Yılmaz Abdullah Arif , Üstündağ Mehmet Fatih , Yavuz Yasemin , Ukil Işıldak Fatma , Şavluk Ömer Faruk , Ceyran Hakan
Published: July 2021

Introduction: This study aims to investigate the relationship between anxiety levels and perceived caregiver burden in mothers of children who had undergone congenital heart disease surgery and who were followed up in the intensive care unit with the surgical type and clinical variables applied.

Patients and Methods: The study was conducted with the mothers of both patient groups who underwent palliative surgery (n= 32) or corrective (biventricular) repair (n= 35) in the pediatric cardiovascular surgery clinic of Kartal Koşuyolu High Specialization Training and Research Hospital. Sociodemographic-clinical data form, Beck depression inventory, standardized mini-mental test, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI TX I-II), and Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) were applied to the parents.

Results: The rate of interventional birth was higher in the palliative surgery group whereas there was no difference between the palliative surgery and corrective repair groups in terms of age, gender, birth weights, and presence of additional diseases (p= 0.001). There was no difference between maternal education levels and pregnancy duration. This difference was not significant even though the mean age of the mothers in the corrective repair group was higher compared to the palliative surgery group. The mean STAI-S scores of the palliative surgery group (state anxiety) were lower than the corrective repair group, and the STAI-T scores of the palliative surgery group (trait anxiety) were higher. The ZBI scores were significantly higher in the palliative surgery group (p= 0.03).

Conclusion: Congenital heart diseases and surgical interventions, as a result, are a major source of distress for affected families. Mothers are mainly affected by this situation. Changes in the mental status of the caregiver may have serious adverse effects on the operated child at every stage of the disease. Caregiving in parents is perceived as a burden and increased anxiety leads to different psychiatric clinical manifestations. Therefore, it is recommended that parents of children who have undergone congenital cardiac surgery receive routine psychiatric support from the early stages of the disease.
Favelas e organizações sociais: uma relação conjunta de enfrentamento às desigualdades sociais
Authors: Souza Michelle Arruda de , Dias Angélica Fonseca , Shiary Dália Maimon
Published: July 2021

Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar uma análise sobre as desigualdades sociais presentes nas favelas cariocas e a atuação das organizações sociais no enfrentamento dessas causas. O objeto da pesquisa está centrado nas ações do Instituto Bola Pra Frente, instituição que opera nas comunidades do Complexo do Muquiço, em Deodoro, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. O principal foco é o desenvolvimento de um conjunto de projetos que visam à educação integral, utilizando o esporte e a cultura como ferramentas para a transformação social por meio de uma metodologia educacional intitulada Cruzamento Perfeito.
As controvérsias que movem o pensamento: o percurso intelectual de Celso Furtado entre 1950 e 1980 à luz da crítica
Authors: Horta Gois da Silva Ian José , Oliveira Patrick Leonardo da Silva de , Brito Lucas de Melo , Brandão Pedro Assumpção , Matos Jackyson Emmeka Araujo de
Published: July 2021

Neste artigo, utilizando o materialismo histórico-dialético e a abordagem das controvérsias como metodologia, analisar-se-á as nuances do pensamento de Celso Furtado entre as décadas de 1950 e 1980. O intuito é destrinchar o percurso de seu pensamento, principalmente através das críticas em torno de seu trabalho por Álvaro Vieira Pinto e Josué de Castro. Dessa forma, subdivide-se o artigo em duas partes, além de uma introdução e uma conclusão: primeiro, investiga-se Celso Furtado e seus pensamentos na CEPAL à luz das críticas de Álvaro Vieira Pinto e Josué de Castro e, em segundo lugar, de forma sintética, analisa-se Furtado e suas concepções na SUDENE. Na conclusão, aponta-se sua obra O mito do desenvolvimento econômico como ponto de inflexão em seu pensamento.
Colaborações cinematográficas para ampliação do entendimento sobre a formação do Estado e da nação brasileira
Authors: Tavares Julia de Almeida Maciel Levy , Malta Maria Mello de , Corrêa Eloah Oliveira , Barbosa Leila Almeida
Published: July 2021

Desenvolvemos neste artigo um paralelo entre o nascimento do moderno Estado brasileiro, o advento internacional do cinema e sua chegada ao Brasil, na tentativa de ampliar o entendimento da realidade brasileira para além dos contornos socioeconômicos no que tange as discussões sobre a formação do Estado brasileiro e o conceito de nação brasileira. Também investigamos como se estabelece a relação entre a área cinematográfica e o poder estatal desde a primeira república até a década de sessenta.
“not conducive for sobriety”: Sex Addiction and Neoliberal Masculinity in Don Jon and Thanks for Sharing
Authors: Gwynne Joel
Published: July 2021

Thanks for Sharing (2012) and Don Jon (2013), share similarities in their representation of the lives of unmarried men who are all approaching midlife, and who are all struggling to build meaningful, monogamous, long term attachments with women. In Thanks for Sharing, Adam (Mark Ruffalo) is addicted to brief encounters with numerous partners in contexts devoid of emotional intimacy, while a fellow member of his sex addicts support group, Neil (Josh Gad), struggles with a compulsion to touching strangers in public locations. In counterpoint, Don Jon charts the protagonist’s insatiable consumption of online pornography, since Jon believes that the virtual domain provides a far superior sexual experience than anything, he could find in real life encounters with women. This article is concerned with the relationship between sex addiction and masculinity, and how neoliberalism is imbued in the characters’ embodiment of masculinity regardless of their divergent social backgrounds.
Baudrillard, Hyperreality, and the Evil in Othello and The Hateful Eight
Authors: Torkamaneh Pouria , Poordakan Farhad , Lalbakhsh Pedram
Published: July 2021

Shakespeare’s tragedies and Quentin Tarantino’s aesthetically violent films bear striking similarities in the problematization of both villainy and reality. Such concerns reverberate the most in Othello (1604) and The Hateful Eight (2015). Although critical scholarship about both works abounds, this essay offers an alternative approach by consulting the thoughts of Jean Baudrillard on the issues of hyperreality, criminality, and terrorism. The dialogue between the three can be important in two ways. First, it establishes a link between Early Modern and contemporary culture by engaging three canonical figures. Second, it provides a novel commentary about each artistic piece by drawing on the profound ways (hyper)reality and villainy can function. The essay also discusses the (non-voluntaristic) crises of reality that follow, when opposing parties battle for the ultimate power.
On the Right Path: Youth Development Amidst Colombia’s Sociocultural Transition
Authors: Follmer-Reece Holly E. , Velez-Gomez Paulina , Moratto-Vásquez Nadia Semenova , Dodd Sara L.
Published: July 2021

Colombia is amidst a sociocultural transition due to recent political movements towards ending the long-standing internal armed conflict. Development and implementation of youth programs that are responsive to the current societal context can contribute to this transition by investing in younger generations. This study features findings from the exploration phase of a community-based participatory research study to adapt a youth program from the United States for implementation in Colombia. Through focus group interviews, participants representing 4 different microsystems surrounding youth shared perceptions of youth who will be successful in this transitional context. Perceptions coalesced to reveal a process of positive development for use as a framework for responsive and culturally sensitive program adaptations. The emergent process mirrors positive youth development principles and shares similarities with other positive youth development models. The discussion explores considerations for the sociocultural context when designing youth programs for use in Colombia.
O caso Enka Insaat v. Insurance Company Chubb e a questão relativa à lei aplicável à cláusula arbitral: entre a lex contractus e a Lei da Sede
Authors: de Araujo Nadia , Gomes de Freitas Caio
Published: July 2021

When negotiating a contract, parties usually establish that future and eventual disputes arising out and related to the performance of their obligations shall be resolved by arbitration. Such a choice, a clear expression of the principle of party autonomy, is embedded in a contractual clause, commonly referred to as arbitration agreement. The way by which the agreement is written and, to some extent, how it is construed can, and most commonly will, result in extensive and costly disputes. In the UK, the Supreme Court has recently decided a case related to the construction of an arbitration agreement, specifically to the law applicable to its validity, scope and effectiveness. According to the Court, in the absence of an express choice made by the parties, the system of law chosen to govern the substance of the contract will apply to the validity and scope of the agreement to arbitrate. Where no such choice is expressly or implied made by the parties, it will be the law of the seat of arbitration since it represents the system of law most closely connected to the agreement. This article reviews the case-law and provides some relevant excerpts of the case.
The future of handwriting
Authors: Westwood OAM Paul , Crew Gary
Published: July 2021

Handwriting, as a means of personal expression, communication and creativity, is a fast

diminishing skill and mode of expression. This dialogue between Paul Weston, a

forensic expert in handwriting, and Gary Crew, a Professor of Creative Writing and

established author, attempts to establish the necessity for the continued use of

handwriting in all forms of human communication. ‘MS found: a meditation’ is a fictocritical short story alluding to R.L. Stevenson’s Essays in the Art of Handwriting (1905)

and E.A. Poe’s ‘MS Found in a Bottle’ (1833). The story celebrates the longevity of

handwriting and the handwritten document. It predicts the loss of elements of written

creative expression if recording by hand, rather than computer or other IT mechanisms,

becomes obsolete.
The futures of grief
Authors: Gibson Margaret , Watkins Ross
Published: July 2021

This provocation raises questions about the future of grief through digital vestiges that

offer the animated presence of the biologically dead in the lives of the bereaved. The

vast amount of digital data produced and shared with others accumulating on social

media, on phones and computers, creates a substantial archive in which the dead

continue to be and also not be with the living. The digital data that is left behind after

biological death provides new ways in which to create replicas– holograms of the

deceased as well as voice bots in which the bereaved might speak to those they miss and

hear their voice answering back to questions much like Apple’s Siri. Bereavement is

about living with ghosts (often about discovering that the dead ghost our own bodies)

and the digital has ushered in new forms of ghostliness in which we find ways of staying

connected to the loved and missed. Digital remains of the dead, while often lively with

algorithms generating messages from accounts of the deceased, also, arguably, expose

the corporeal, emotional and cognitive difference and limit between a living biological

human presence and a digital human presence. The latter can never truly substitute for

the former. This provocation suggests that holograms and voice bots can be just as much

tools for grieving and acknowledging loss, as they might be tools in the service of

denying death and prolonging grief.
The futures of work
Authors: Milojević Ivana , Davidow Shelley
Published: July 2021

The future of work and jobs has become a critical policy area and a frequently heard

rallying cry during election campaigns. Politicians and lay public commonly propose

simple solutions to the problems of unemployment, underemployment, labour

underutilization, mismatch between available skill-sets and job requirements and so on.

Globalisation/outsourcing, globalism and foreign labour are increasingly targeted as the

main cause of job shortages. Also targeted are international organizations and ‘lobbies’

as well as (allegedly) incompetent local politicians. There is, however, one significant

variable frequently missing in these debates: Automation. This provocation looks at the

implications of automation on the futures of work. It offers hints and clues as to the

dilemmas ahead, it also takes a deliberately normative approach to questions of ‘jobs’,

‘employment’ and ‘work’ as a good provocation works best with clear and accepted

categories.
Measuring darkness
Authors: Power Chris , Juckes Daniel
Published: July 2021

Up to now, simulations of dark matter resemble shapes seen in the vast cosmic web that

scientists have drawn to depict the universe. That is, the gaseous knots, filaments, and

voids which link galaxies betray the shapes of what dark matter is thought to look like.

But this mimicry stutters when the centres of those knots, filaments, and voids are

observed, and the precise nature of dark matter—particles which make up 80% of the

known universe—remains elusive. The task is to find a way to describe the spaces inbetween, because in the heart of the web pattern hunting breaks down; knowledge peters

out.

One clue to the mapping and describing of dark matter might be in the shape and shaping

of stellar halos. These ghostly remnants of interactions between galaxies surround

observable galaxies as faint halos of starlight. As with the moon and tides, galaxies push

and pull each other, their great gravities shaping the fabric of their neighbours and viceversa: galaxies are cannibals, and the larger ones strip the thinning edges of smaller,

star-massed bodies. These surrounding edges—made up of stars and gasses escaping

the rims of the galaxies in which they were born—build up stellar halos. Within this

cloud must be, somewhere, dark matter: that is the only current explanation for the

terrific mass which is measurable and impactful within and without stellar halos, but

which remains unseen. Chris’s research attempts to understand the differences latent in

the maps we make of the universe, with the aim of producing a phenomenological model

that matches observed data with theoretical models. The big question is something like

this: Using models of what we can already observe in the universe, can measurements

be made to pin down what dark matter is? Perhaps, this questions suggests, by drawing

maps, something impossible to describe can be sensed.

Daniel, as a creative writer, is inspired by a differing interpretation of phenomenology:

he is looking for clues to aid both his descriptions of the past, and his understanding of

how the past is formed in consciousness. Thus, this dialogue on the shape and form of

matter will dwell on how constructions of the past are shaped; it will linger on vastness

which cannot yet be described—the 80% of the universe which is dark matter, and the

mysterious shapes of the past behind us. The gravitational pull of dark matter moves

galaxies, forces them to touch and kiss and burst; the dark shapes of the past push and

pull the present, and make patterns yet to be understood.
Where do all the faeries live? The future of biodiversity in a rapidly changing world
Authors: Fechner Nigel , Chandler Lisa , Davis Donna
Published: July 2021

Global biodiversity faces unprecedented challenges in the 21st century and beyond.

Anthropogenic agitations now threaten to irreversibly destabilise the natural world.

Despite precautionary urgings by the scientific community, the polarised moiety of

environment adherents and dissidents prevails. The endurance or extirpation of species

relies on both adaptability and intervention. This essay considers these pressing

concerns by focusing on the role of fungi within wider ecosystems. The Kingdom Fungi

is one group of sentient biota which understatedly drives ecosystem dynamics and the

subsistence of larger organisms, yet whose members remain largely foreign to us. The

essay explores the longstanding physical, cultural and historical inter-relationships

between humans and fungi and their enduring role in human survival and development.

Research indicates that fungi possess qualities which may well serve to ameliorate our

errors of judgment and resulting ecological impacts yet paradoxically, the future of

fungi could be imperiled by such human impacts. Two future scenarios are proposed

and it is argued that if these diminutive organisms are as susceptible to environmental

degradation and restructuring as flora and fauna, what prospects for perpetuity do our

habitats face?
Marginalia and the ethnosphere
Authors: Bussey Marcus , Barcia Jacques
Published: July 2021

There is no singular future out there waiting for us. The future is a contested and creative

space in which individuals, communities and even civilisations explore the creative

possibilities available to them in their traditions, their imaginaries and their choices.

This provocation outlines some key drivers in the area of climate change,

marginalisation and vulnerability. It does not seek to offer a coherent ‘narrative’ but

rather to challenge the reader to think about the current global conditions under the

banner of the new term ‘anthropocene’ and consider where resilience is to be found in

our complex and uncertain world.
Orígenes de la autopublicidad radiofónica. Cómo vender un nuevo medio
Authors: Afuera Heredero Ángeles
Published: July 2021

A comienzos del siglo XX un nuevo medio emergió de forma potente en el mundo de la comunicación. La radio española, a diferencia de la prensa hegemónica hasta ese momento, basó su modelo de negocio en la gratuidad de sus servicios. Las fuentes de financiación contemplaron, desde un principio, la aceptación de la publicidad como recurso. El objetivo de las emisoras fue llegar a un número cada vez mayor de oyentes vendiendo sus contenidos, pero también conseguir empresarios que confiaran en ellas como nuevo altavoz de productos y servicios. En este artículo analizamos cómo se enfrentaron a este segundo reto, qué imagen quisieron dar de su utilidad para los anunciantes y qué resultados obtuvieron de ello.
Prólogo: La visión profesional de la documentación en publicidad
Authors: Marcos Recio Juan Carlos , Montañés García Fernando , De Castro Leal Leticia
Published: July 2021

La publicidad es un sector que vive muy ligado a la actualidad, obligado permanentemente a investigar, conocer, aprovechar y, en lo posible, incluso adelantarse a las tendencias más novedosas y recientes de la comunicación. Como en otros sectores, disponer de la mejor documentación e información aporta una ventaja evidente a las empresas y profesionales para la toma de decisiones. Con este planteamiento previo, se ha considerado muy importante poder conocer la visión del sector profesional en la valoración, conservación, catalogación y utilización de los fondos documentales publicitarios. Por eso, en este apartado se incluyen varios artículos que muestran ese punto de vista firmados por los responsables de algunos de los organismos y empresas que disponen de fondos documentales sobre publicidad destacados, y que estamos seguros que contribuyen a profundizar y ampliar el conocimiento sobre la documentación en el sector publicitario.
धनात्मक बाह्यतायें एवं मनरेगा - एक आर्थिक अनुशीलन (दुर्ग जिले के विशेष संदर्भ में)
Authors: कुमार पंकज
Published: July 2021

प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र दुर्ग जिले में धनात्मक बाह्यतायें एवं महात्मा गांधी राष्ट्रीय ग्रामीण रोजगार गारंटी योजना पर आधारित है जो कि प्राथमिक एवं द्वितीयक समंक से सम्बन्धित है। इस शोध पत्र में न्यादर्श गांवों में शासन द्वारा चलाये जा रहे मनरेगा के अंतर्गत विभिन्न कार्य के द्वारा रोजगार, आय, जीवन स्तर में सुधार एवं संतुष्टि स्तर का अध्ययन किया गया है। ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों में कृषि रोजगार के अतिरिक्त शासन के द्वारा उपलब्ध कराये जा रहे रोजगार से आय, रोजगार से आय की पर्याप्तता, रोजगार के दिवस, रोजगार की पर्याप्तता, प्रति परिवार एवं प्रति व्यक्ति रोजगार की उपलब्धता, रोजगार में महिलाओं की भागीदारी आदि का अध्ययन किया गया है। राष्ट्रपिता महात्मागाँधी के शब्दों में ‘‘भारत की आत्मा गाँवों में बसती है’’ वे ग्रामीण अर्थव्यवस्था की आत्मनिर्भरता, स्वशासन की वकालत किया करते थे जो की ग्रामीण अर्थवस्था एक बुनियादी ढाँचे में ही निहित होती है, अतः बुनियादी ढाँचे के विकास को प्राथमिकता दी जाए एवं इसी सिद्धांत पर ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों में पर्यावरणीय बाह्ययताएं व टिकाऊ रोजगार तथा आर्थिक विकास को सुदृढ़ता की ओर अग्रसर होगा।
Illicit enrichment (art. 3302 of the criminal code of the Republic of Moldova): impediments for the application of criminal liability
Authors:   National Institute of Justice, Republic of Moldova, Esanu Adriana
Published: July 2021

The criminal liability for illicit enrichment is marked by multiple impediments, the most obvious of which are legal. In this regard, the main problem is the lack of clarity and predictability of the establishment and proof possession of goods that substantially exceed the lawful income. Based on the UN Convention against corruption of 31 October 2003, the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova criminalized illicit enrichment without any concern for ensuring predictability and clarity of the rule in question. This article highlights issues related to criminal liability for illicit enrichment and, ultimately, proposes solutions in the hope of improving the incriminating framework and ensuring viability of the incrimination norm provided by art.330/2 Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova.
Legal special subject-matter of crimes related to illegal practice of financial activity
Authors:   Moldova State University, Chihai Cristina
Published: July 2021

The classification of a prejudicial act pursuant to Article 2411 [Illegal Practice of Financial Activity] of the Moldovan Criminal Code depends directly on the accurate determination of the crime objective and subjective constituents. Hence, the special subject-matter of this Study is made up of social relations with respect to the practicing of financial activity under a level playing field, having assumed that the subject concerned has been registered and/or authorised (licensed). Essentially, the licence is a permissive act that entitles the holder to carry out a certain kind of activity, in full or in part, falling under the licensing criteria provided by this Law. Authorisation shall be treated as a permissive act that gives certain activity rights to the economic operator, provided that specific terms and conditions are being met. In this regard, it is worth noting that licence and authorisation are not equipollent. Crimes related to illegal practice of financial activity has no tangible (intangible) subject-matter. Therefore, one may draw the conclusion that the wording „in case of causing material damage” (Article 2411 (1) of the Moldovan Criminal Code) and the wording „for the same action that caused material damage” (Article 2411 (2) of the Moldovan Criminal Code) shall be treated as technical and legal error. Ultimately, we shall mention that the identification of social relations affected by the committed crime involves truthful and consistent application, by the law enforcement bodies, of the provision set forth by Article 2411 of the Moldovan Criminal Code.
Applicability of the rules of international humanitarian law to peacekeeping operations in regional crises
Authors:   Free International University of Moldova, Cauia Alexandru , Alabduljabbar Naif Jassim ,   Free International University of Moldova
Published: July 2021

Reading the International Humanitarian Law, point of view of the status of subjects of Public International Law of the parties ist the only issue that involved in military conflicts matters so that they can be qualified as international or non-international, which depends directly on the volume of legal rules to be enforced and complied by the warring parties. Thus, members of peacekeeping operations conducted under the auspices of the UN, or with the participation of regional structures must strictly comply with the provisions of the rules of war throughout their actions in situations that may qualify as armed conflicts. Mechanisms and instruments for ensuring compliance with the rules of International Humanitarian Law by members of peacekeeping contingents shall be the subject of research in this article.
Supervision of the execution of The European Court of Human Rights’ case law
Authors:   Moldova State University, Siman Corina
Published: July 2021

The Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms empowers the decision-making and executive body of the Council of Europe, id est the Committee of Ministers, to supervise the execution of the European Court of Human Rights’ case law. The mechanism thus established possesses a certain specificity, which is inherent to the European system of protection of fundamental rights. Therefore, both the political nature of the Committee of Ministers and the elements that form the process of monitoring the implementation of the content of the Strasbourg Court’s judgments and decisions are of interest.
The hybrid court – an appropriate solution for the protection of human rights within the territory of the Self-proclaimed Dniester Republic
Authors: Sircu Artur
Published: July 2021

Although the practice of hybrid courts was aimed at repressing international crimes, it also represents a reliable and effective model for examining cases on violation of fundamental human rights and freedoms within the territories with contested jurisdiction, not in the light of territorial dispute settlement but from the perspective of remediation, prevention and infringements ending rational within territories where there is no fair, constitutional and independent justice system. Such courts would represent the optimal solution for assessing any cases on human rights violations on the territory of self-proclaimed Dniester Republic in line with the lawfulness exercise, until the final settlement of the Transdniestrian conflict. The jurisdiction could include a panel composed of 7 judges, of which 3 would be appointed by the constitutional authorities of the Republic of Moldova, pursuant to different formulas, 2 – appointed by the UN and 2 – appointed by the OSCE. At least 3 judges shall be preferably from among the former judges of an international jurisdiction (e.g. the International Criminal Court, the European Court of Human Rights etc.). The European Convention on Human Rights could serve as the applicable substantive law, and the legislation of the Republic of Moldova – as the procedural law. The impact of creating such a court would be pivotal for the establishment of a human rights „coverage area” on the left bank of the Dniester. It is recommended however, for the proper functioning of this jurisdiction, especially endowed with confidence in the act of justice under the guarantee of international judges, that the origin of this jurisdiction shall be an external one, preferably a UN based one.
Recent evolution of jurisdiction in criminal review
Authors:   Institute of Legal, Political and Sociological Research, Republic of Moldova, Osoianu Tudor , Chirtoaca Ion ,   National Institute of Justice, Republic of Moldova
Published: July 2021

A final and irrevocable court decision enjoys the authority of the res judicata. Thus, a settled dispute can no longer, in principle, be the subject of a new trial, with the same object, the same cause and between the same parties. However, judicial errors crept into final court decisions as a result of several omissions may lead to the resumption of the trial in order to find out the truth. Such a mechanism is governed by the extraordinary remedy of review which is a retraction and at the same time a procedural means by which final judgments are challenged and has as its primary purpose the correction of serious errors.
Quranic Code of Tadabbur and its Methodologies
Authors: Pakeeza Shahzadi , Jahangir Humaira , Batool Hafsa
Published: July 2021

The main objective of the Holy Quran is to build humans as a righteousness person. For this, understanding and focus on Quranic verses is a prerequisite. Therefore, Holy Quran gives the concept of tadabbur to inculcate the message of Allah Almighty with its real beauty. Without understanding the text and its particular meaning a person can’t get the benefit from this book nor can he spend a successful life in this world and hereafter. Therefore, this paper deals with the ways and techniques to focus and concentrate on Holy Quran and proposes several ways to get maximum bounties and blessings from this divine book.
Globalization and its impact on Pakistan’s Muslim Society
Authors: Khan Hafiz Waqas
Published: July 2021

According to Islamic thoughts, Islam has brought up the matter of globalization, the establishment of global society and global government which is accepted all over the world without any discrimination of religion and civilization. Therefore, it is said that globalization is neither good nor bad despite the whole counter agreements. It either can or cannot be desirable, but the characteristics of globalization are different from the current feature of the Islamic perspective. In the current scenario, globalization is a powerful manifestation of Western civilization supremacy. In Pakistan, we are facing complex global challenges in the family system. Islam promotes family values, which are the necessary for family bonding. Whenever the cohesive bond gets weak, society begins to tumble. We are living in a fast-pacing, hectic community, where the protection of Islamic values in Pakistani society is a challenging task. This study will provide a balance solution regarding globalization for Pakistani Muslim society. The study will suggest the legal and ethical mechanism that needs to be developed in the Pakistani Muslim Society for protecting against globalization. This study is only limited to Pakistani Muslim society.
Research Methodology in the Domain of Islamic Studies
Authors: Pakeeza Shahzadi , Jahangir Humaira
Published: July 2021

The most important thing given by Allah Almighty to the human being is thinking power. It enables them different from other creatures of the world. Humans thinking act, built and rebuilt his life. Allah Almighty, therefore, ordered man to think, investigate and research. This study is based on the overview of research methodology in the field of Islamic Studies. Since the domain of Islamic studies is mainly based on the Holy Quran and Ahadith or Sunnah. This paper presents a close revision for conducting a research with special reference to data handling and analysis, text and speech analysis etc. in context with Islamic studies.
Globalized World and the Facilitative Role of Modern Media and Sources of Communication in the Process of Ijtehad & Ijma
Authors: Hassan Maqbool
Published: July 2021

This paper aims to highlight the significance of Media and means of communication and travel in the feasibility of Ijtehad and Ijma in contemporary world. Modern means of communication and transportation have shrunken the world into a global village. Communication of news and information has become very easy. Environment is much feasible for research and investigation as compared to past. The modern print and electronic media can be used as a platform for academic dialogue and exchange of views both nationally and internationally. The invention of press has made secure the knowledge and resources and easy access to them. The invention of computer and information technology have made easy for Islamic Jurist to access the sources of knowledge. They can communicate with each other via telephone and internet; video conference, email, etc., in spite of sitting together at one place. Modern means of transportation and travel also have shrunken the distances. Years and month's traveling has become just an hour's story. Now it is unto us to have ourselves benefited from all these facilities.
Remedies of Social Decadence in Context of the Life of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him)
Authors: Rabia Ms
Published: July 2021

In this article, putrefaction of society has been discussed along with the counterstrategies adopted by the Prophet (Peace be upon him). Since social vices have been the vestigial part of the Arab society, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) took up the cudgels and bestirred to eradicate moral decay, existent among the Arabs from the days of yore. Analogous to the situation, in the contemporary world, the similar social vices are being erected on the pretext of ‘modernization’, which has become the cause of demoralization for many. For this, in the current article, social maladies and moral turpitude like fib, backbiting, adultery, grudge, rancor etc. have been delineated. After being involved in elusive bustling, an individual blemishes his or her life in this world and hereafter, affecting Peace and Stability in the society. The only way out that one can adopt to escape herself/himself from this, is the way that has been unfolded by the Prophet (Peace be upon him). So, by acting upon the Prophet’s (Peace be upon him) instructions we can curb these social vices and moral turpitude in our society.
An Analysis of the Application of Health Informatics in Prophetic Medicine
Authors: Junaid Huda , Ahmed Usmani Sheikh Adnan
Published: July 2021

This research aims to analyze and examine the practices of Prophetic Medicine in the paradigm of Information Technology. Prophetic medicine is considered as an alternative medicine which is inexpensive as well as an effective way of treating the ailments which are sometimes considered as curable by other modes of medicine. The research design is cross sectional while assessing the current status of Prophetic medicine among traditional medicines and is based on content analysis. The research also identifies the obstacles in the development of Prophetic medicine among health informatics. It also proposes that how further development can be made to enhance healthcare in lives of people. The Informatics applications in Prophetic medicine are insufficient and are not participating as an active ingredient of medical guidance with IT despite of its potential as it is in a form of mostly e-health applications and websites that focus more on Prophetic traditions, spiritual healing, and Islamic obligations.
Embodied Souls, or Ensouled Bodies: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Cox Willie
Published: July 2021

Gender isn't a concept of being black and white or male and female. Times are hanging, and Americans no longer assume that everyone should fit into binary male or female categories. Globally, gender is determined by our genes and to be male or female is instilled in our nature, hence it is not just related to cultural indoctrination. Souls don't have a gender; they are the invisible sex. Life is made for us to face the challenges of human nature which have a certain control on our behavior, irrespective of the soul men perceive in a different way and women in a different way. Souls have no genitals, and certainly do not reproduce, thus they have no gender. Humans are more than just a body, the body is controlled by consciousness interconnected with the brain, denoting we have a soul. All the souls are made up of the same essence and substance but are verily distributed between individuals. We are not embodied souls, but ensouled bodies! This paper will focus on the belief of immortality and the arrival and presence of the soul and what happens to the gendered essence (the soul) when we die?
Morality and Character Building in the Educational Process: A research overview in the light Seerah (peace be upon him)
Authors: Kalota Dr. Muhammad Mushtaq , Ghani Muzammil
Published: July 2021

In present era leadership of Muslim countries are more controversial. For leadership managing a state is tougher target. Muslim leaders have no noteworthy part in the world. There are many reasons behind this failure. But the core of all is lack of principles of leadership. Leadership has vital and most important role in a successful state. A leader is the one who lead people for the sake of state’s objectives. Therefore, he/she must have the qualities by which individuals happily follow him and achieve set goals of state. The leader can only be successful when he set his principles and act accordingly those decided principles. Rules and regulation are the basic of all systems. Even if a small organization does not set their principle get fail. Setting principle and practicing them is the guarantee of success. Successful leaders known by their principles and never neglect their principles at all. Muhammad (peace be upon him) is an ideal and great leader in every aspect. Muhammad (peace be upon him) made neonate Medina a strong and organized state by his successful principles. This can help to lead the system of state successfully. Thus Muslim leaders should adopt such principles and can run their countries successfully.
Scholarly Position of Hazrat Zenab (R.A.) and her contributions to Islamic Jurisprudence: A research study
Authors: Snober Ayesha , Chishti Ihsanullah
Published: July 2021

Hazrat Zenab is a great lady of Islam. She was the daughter of Abu Salma (R.A.) al-Makhzumi, the great companion of Holy Prophet (peace be upon him). She narrated seven Ahadith directly from Holy Prophet (peace be upon him). Hazrat Zenab (R.A.) quickly grew to become known as an incredible scholar of Madinah, particularly in the field of Fiqh. She was an ardent and zealous student of Islamic jurisprudence. She has not only described Ahadith and reported her observations of events, but also interpreted them. She was ever-ready to guide the common people in religious matters. As a teacher she had a clear and persuasive manner of speech. Hazrat Zenab (R.A.) is a role model for women. She taught Islam too many people. She was an authority on many matters of Islamic Law, especially those concerning women. In this article an effort has been made to describe her services as her life shows to what height Muslim women can rise.
Islamic ideology of communication, journalism and its principles: A research overview
Authors: Naseer Muhammad , ul Haq Muhammad Affan , Pervez Tehmina
Published: July 2021

Considering the journalism and communication in the human history, it will be clear to us that the founders and inventors of communication and journalism were the Prophets (peace be upon them) by the command of Allah, the Lord of Glory. Prophets were sent by Almighty to the people as preachers. They taught entire humanity complete way of life, morality, etiquettes and much more. With the passage of time, the methods of communication and journalism have also been evolved. Islam is a complete code of life. Therefore, it also has rules and regulations regarding communication and journalism. Now a day, unfortunately it has been witnessed that a lot of political communication and journalism is based on false news and deception. The worldwide propaganda against Islam in television programs is no secret these days. This approach of media is creating moral, societal, psychological and family problems and creating chaos among the people. Although, there are positive effects of media as well. Therefore, it is the need of time to establish a strong proIslamic media with Islamic journalistic principles. It would be helpful to present a true picture of Islam and concept of peace and will respond to all false allegations about Muslims and Islam. It will prevent the religious ideology of the country, spread true teachings of prophets and truth to the people in the best possible way.
The selection process, attribute and duties of the Head of Islamic State: A research study in the context of AlMawardi’s thoughts
Authors: Shoaib Muhammad , Sani Hafiz Muhammad , Amanullah Mr.
Published: July 2021

There is consensus among Muslim Ummah and Imams that, for an Islamic state, selection of the head of state is the most important and compulsory. Selection of leader would be such as who is pious, virtuous, scholar of Shariah, honest, wise and courageous so that the management/ administration of the state may be carried out justifiably. In Ahle Sunnah, it is obligatory for the noble creature of Almighty Allah to select leader (Imam) for themselves, otherwise all of them would be considered as sinners. The best way for the selection of Imam is “Khulafa-eRashideen”, in the light of which Muslim Ummah can choose Imam. The first and uttermost obligation of the elected Imam is to abide by religion. Beside other duties of Imam, include protection of the state, establishment of Shariah limits, propagation of Islamic mission and leading the Islamic state. In this research paper we are discussing Al-Mawardi’s concepts for the selection process, attribute and duties of the head of Islamic state.