bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilization of the Whole Cowpea Pod and Barley Husk in The Production of Nutritionally Enriched Composite Flour
Authors: . Urvashi , Dutta Anuradha , Raghuvanshi Rita Singh , Singh Y.V. , . Nivedita , Tilara Soni , Joshi Deepa
Published: July 2023

Background: Cowpea is a climbing annual crop from Fabaceae family which is grown for its edible seeds and pods. Cowpea is rich in various nutrients such as fibre, protein, iron, potassium and is low in fat and calories. It has been observed that non-Communicable diseases are increasing at a rapid rate in India as well as globally. The need of the hour is to control the rate of diseases through modification in dietary practices. This study has focused on formulation of whole cowpea pod enriched composite flour by including more fibre and various nutrients in the diet. Methods: In the study, composite flour using whole cowpea pod flour, barley husk flour and whole wheat flour was developed. The nutritional characteristics of composite flour and barley husk were analyzed. Storage study with two different packaging materials was also done. Result: The composite flour was found to have good nutritional properties as it contained valuable amount of protein, energy and crude fibre. It was also found that the flour had higher content of iron, magnesium and calcium while barley husk had higher content of manganese. Laminated aluminium pouches found to be more suitable for use as a packaging material.
Effects of Drought Stress on SOD Activity and Pro Content in Different Parts of Soybean Leaves
Authors: Tian Yumei , Li Xiaomei , Zhou Xinyu , Qu Zhipeng , Wang Xiyue , Dong Shoukun
Published: July 2023

Background: Drought is the main restricted agent for growth and development of soybean and the physiological characteristics of different parts of soybean leaves changed significantly. Methods: To explore the impacts of drought stress on the physiological characteristics of leaves in different parts of soybean, in this study, Williams 82 was used as the experimental material and drought stress was simulated by a watering nutrient solution containing 10% PEG-6000. Under different treatment time conditions, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and proline (Pro) content in different parts of soybean leaves were determined. Result: The results indicate that the SOD activity and Pro content in the upper and bottom leaves of soybean increased significantly under drought stress conditions and with the increase in drought stress time, the SOD activity in the upper and bottom leaves of soybean increased first and then declined and the content of Pro increased gradually. In general, soybean relief drought damage by increasing SOD activity and Pro content under drought stress. This study offered the theoretical foundation for exploring the mechanism of soybean drought resistance.
Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan Di Madrasah Tsanawiyah
Authors: Hurriyah Nur Khulailatul
Published: July 2023

Schools are social institutions that cannot be separated from their community, on the other hand, society cannot be separated from schools. Because they both have interests. Schools as formal institutions entrusted with the mandate to educate, train and guide the nation's children (community), while the community is a stakeholder or user of educational services. The success of education is not only determined by the educational process in schools and the availability of facilities and infrastructure, but is also determined by the role of the family and community. Because education is a shared responsibility of schools, families and communities. So the community has a role to think about the implementation of education and participate in providing supervision in related schools. High community participation in schools is an indicator that school management is running well. When schools are side by side with both the community and parents, it will have a big impact on the progress of the school and will have a big influence on improving the quality in schools. Efforts to involve the community in improving the quality of education in schools can be taken by (1) conducting outreach to stakeholders, including school committees. (2) Involve formal leaders outside the school to participate in owning the school, because the progress and decline of educational institutions will also have an impact on the local community. (3) Showing the program directly, in addition to educating children, it can also show the achievements that have been achieved by students, teachers or school achievements as a whole.
Peran Sistem Akreditasi Dalam Meningkatkan Produktivitas di Lembaga Pendidikan
Authors: Maulana Muhamad Iqbal
Published: July 2023

The aim of this research is to find out the role of the accreditation system in increasing productivity in schools. The school accreditation system serves as a guide in providing a comprehensive assessment of the eligibility of a program in educational institutions which can provide ranking feasibility and provide information about the eligibility of schools/madrasas which are implemented based on the National Education Standards. This research method is to use a literature review study. The type of research used is descriptive. Researchers collected data by conducting a study of theories relevant to the discussion, namely the role of the accreditation system in increasing productivity in educational institutions. This study conducts a critical review of the results of previous studies to be compared with the latest studies to obtain new research results that are supported by theories that can be adopted from books, documents, papers, or published research results. The results in this study indicate that the school accreditation system is very important in increasing the productivity of institutions by carrying out various efforts including providing assistance on the effectiveness of the performance of school principals, staff teachers in carrying out management processes in educational institutions. With the existence of a school accreditation system, it is hoped that educational institutions will continue to make improvements to school management in order to achieve the ideal quality level of educational institutions in accordance with national education standards.
Adapting Menstrual Health Interventions for People with Intellectual Disabilities in Emergencies
Authors: Wilbur Jane , Morrison Chloe
Published: July 2023

The Bishesta campaign – a menstrual health intervention for people with intellectual disabilities and their caregivers in Nepal, was developed to help improve menstrual health for this population in non-humanitarian settings (Wilbur et al. 2021a). The campaign was developed by the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) and WaterAid and delivered in collaboration with the disability service provider, the Down Syndrome Society Nepal, and the Centre for Integrated Urban Development, a local WASH non-government organisation. Following a positive feasibility study (Wilbur et al. 2019a), the Bishesta campaign was ready for efficacy testing or adapting for another context. Due to the lack of attention to people with disabilities’ menstrual health during emergencies, World Vision and the LSHTM adapted the Bishesta campaign for humanitarian responses in Vanuatu and called it the Veivanua campaign. This Frontiers of Sanitation issue presents: the research that preceded the development of these campaigns, the two campaigns, explains the adaptation process, and documents critical considerations for others wishing to revise the campaigns for different settings. This issue will interest practitioners working in menstrual health for people with and without disabilities in the development or humanitarian context.
A Participatory Assessment for Climate-Induced WASH Vulnerabilities in Bangladesh
Authors: Nuzhat Samiha , Iyer Ruhil , Qader Adnan Ibne Abdul , Manzoor-Al-Islam Saief
Published: July 2023

This SLH Learning Brief presents work undertaken by WaterAid Bangladesh and Rupantar in collaboration with the Sanitation Learning Hub (SLH), at the Institute of Development Studies, and the University of Technology Sydney - Institute for Sustainable Futures (UTS-ISF). A sanitation-focused climate lens was added to existing ward vulnerability assessment tools due to the increasing WASH-related climate impacts in the study site. The aim was to understand climate induced impacts on WASH and feed this into programmatic guidance through the preparation of locally-led comprehensive ward development plans. This SLH Learning Brief is intended to provide inspiration to practitioners and WASH experts on how to adapt existing vulnerability assessment tools to integrate climate considerations. This study engaged several stakeholders including climate vulnerable populations, development practitioners, researchers, and local government across Krishnanagar Union under Sathkhira subdistrict, to create evidence-based approaches to address climate induced WASH vulnerabilities in coastal Southwest Bangladesh. This research sought to answer the following questions: 1. What is the current status of WASH facilities in nine wards across in rural southwest Bangladesh? 2. How are climatic conditions impacting water, sanitation and hygiene practices? 3. What actions can be undertaken by various stakeholders to address climate induced WASH problems?
Saúde mental dos estudantes de enfermagem do Instituto Politécnico de Santarém durante a pandemia de COVID-19
Authors:   Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Figueiredo Maria do Carmo , Silva Mário ,   Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Rosa Marta ,   Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Matos Rui ,   Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Gonzaga Luís ,   Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Amendoeira José ,   Instituto Politécnico de Santarém
Published: July 2023

Introdução: A pandemia do coronavírus (COVID-19) no ensino superior causou consequências perturbadoras na vida e na saúde mental dos estudantes. Pretendemos avaliar os níveis de ansiedade, depressão e stress dos estudantes de enfermagem do Instituto Politécnico de Santarém. Método: Estudo exploratório, observacional descritivo e correlacional. Estudantes: 183 estudantes, selecionados por amostragem de conveniência. Instrumento de medida: Escala de Ansiedade, Depressão e Stress - EADS-21 validada para a população portuguesa, aplicada entre 19 de novembro e 4 de dezembro de 2020. Os dados recolhidos foram analisados com o Software IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, versão 27.0. Conclusões: Os achados mostraram que a maioria dos estudantes apresentou um nível normal de depressão (82,5%), ansiedade (88,0%) e stress (94,0%). Cerca de 1,6% dos estudantes relataram nível moderado de stress; 5,5% e 1,6% um nível moderado e grave, respetivamente, de ansiedade e 6% e 0,5% depressão um nível moderado e grave, na devida ordem. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre as médias (teste t de Student) na comparação entre género (p < 0,001), com os maiores scores, nas três dimensões, no género feminino que apresentou mais stress (M = 7,59 + 4,728), depressão (M = 5,83 + 4,503) e ansiedade (M =3,87 + 3,869), ou seja, os estados afetivos do género feminino foram mais negativos.
Validation of the APACHE IV Score for ICU Mortality Prediction in Dr. Sardjito Hospital During the Pandemic Era
Authors: Rayhandika  , Akhmad Yun Jufan  , Widyastuti Yunita , Juni Kurniawaty
Published: July 2023

Introduction: ICU service quality must continuously improve to provide better patient service. One of these improvement efforts is the use of a risk prediction system to predict mortality rates in the ICU by utilizing risk factors. This system helps healthcare services perform evaluations and comparative audits of intensive services, which can also aid with more targeted planning. APACHE IV is considered to have good validity. However, its predictive capabilities may change over time due to various factors, such as the pandemic, where changes in the case mix may affect its predictive abilities. Therefore, this research tests the validity of APACHE IV on the Indonesian population through Dr. Sardjito Hospital patients. The findings can be utilized for future use and risk stratification, and ICU quality benchmarking. Objectives: This study aims to assess the validity of the APACHE IV score in ICU Mortality prediction in Dr. Sardjito Hospital for medical patients, surgical patients, and patients with both cases during the pandemic. Materials and Method: This study used retrospective data from 336 patients at Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta from the 1st of January 2020 to the 31st of December 2021. All data required for calculating the APACHE IV score was collected, and the patient’s observed ICU Mortality was used. The model’s predictive validity is measured by finding the discrimination and calibration of the APACHE IV score and comparing it to the observed ICU mortality. Validation was also conducted separately for medical and surgical cases. Results: APACHE IV shows good discrimination ability in all cases (AUC-ROC 95% CI: 0.819 [0.772-0.866]) but poor calibration (p = 0.023) for mortality prediction in the ICU. For medical cases, the discrimination ability is poor but still acceptable (AUC-ROC 95% CI: 0.698 [0.614-0.782]), and in surgical cases, the discrimination ability is good (AUC-ROC 95% CI: 0.848 [0.776-0.921]). Both cases showed good calibration (p: medical = 0.569, surgical = 0.579) in predicting mortality during the pandemic. Conclusion: APACHE IV showed good discrimination but poor calibration ability for predicting mortality for all ICU patients during the pandemic era. Mortality prediction for surgical cases showed good discrimination and calibration. However, medical cases showed poor discrimination but good calibration.
Opioid-Free Anesthesia in Ophthalmic Surgeries
Authors: Tantri Aida Rosita , Angkasa Hansen , Firdaus Riyadh , Claudia Tasya , Tantri Ignatia Novita
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) is an alternative to Opioid based anesthesia (OBA) which uses multimodal analgesia to replace opioids. However, its feasibility, safety, and exact recommended combination remain debatable. Case Series: We administered OFA in 5 types of elective ophthalmic surgeries under general anesthesia in ASA 1-2 adult patients (evisceration, ocular exenteration, periosteal graft, scleral buckling, vitrectomy, and dacryocystorhinostomy) to assess the feasibility of OFA. We gave preoperative Paracetamol and Pregabalin with Dexmedetomidine as a loading dose (1 mcg/kg in 10 minutes) and maintenance at 0.7 mcg kg-1 per hour. Induction was performed using Propofol 1-2 mg kg-1, Lidocaine 1-1.5 mg kg-1 IV, and Rocuronium. Before the incision, Dexamethasone and Ranitidine were given. Maintenance was done using Dexmedetomidine and Sevoflurane. Fentanyl was used as rescue analgesia if required. Dexmedetomidine was stopped 15-30 minutes before the procedure ended. Metoclopramide and Ketorolac were given as postoperative management. Throughout the procedure, our patients had stable hemodynamics, did not experience life-threatening bradycardia, and did not require rescue analgesia. All patients regained full consciousness and did not experience postoperative nausea and vomiting, emergency delirium, or coughing. Conclusion: Multimodal analgesia was an excellent intraoperative OFA regimen as an alternative to OBA and provided controlled hypotension in ocular surgery. Safe OFA is possible with combined analgesia regimens, strict intraoperative monitoring, and adequate anesthesia depth.
Effects of sea-level rise on blue carbon stocks of mangrove ecosystems: insights from Pohnpei Island, Federated States of Micronesia
Authors: Fujimoto Kiyoshi , Furukawa Keita , Ono Kenji , Watanabe Shin , Eperiam Eugene
Published: July 2023

Carbon storage processes in mangrove ecosystems are summarized and future research directions are discussed based on findings from our long-term monitoring studies on Pohnpei Island in the Federated States of Micronesia. On Pohnpei, where coral reef-type mangrove forests dominate, Rhizophora communities maintain their habitat by accumulating mangrove peat at over 5 mm year-1 in response to rapid sea-level rise, but surface erosion is progressing in communities where the tree density of Rhizophora spp. has declined through succession. However, high-resolution aerial photographs taken by drones have identified trees with reduced vigor even in Rhizophora forests, and if sea-level rise occurs at a rate close to the IPCC's maximum prediction, then Rhizophora forests, which are valuable carbon storage sites due to mangrove peat accumulation, are likely to disappear. The impact of relative sea-level rise is determined by the sum of the rate of ground-level change by the external sediment budget and the rate of ground-level rise with mangrove peat accumulation. In the future, each region will need to conduct its own quantitative evaluation.
Growth and carbon stocks in four mangrove species planted on a former charcoal concession site in Ranong, Thailand
Authors: Macintosh Donald J. , Ashton Elizabeth C.
Published: July 2023

The ending of mangrove concessions for charcoal production in 1998 gave new impetus to mangrove conservation and rehabilitation in Thailand, including the designation of the Ranong Biosphere Reserve (RBR) to protect Thailand’s largest single mangrove ecosystem. Four of the dominant tree species in the RBR were planted as seedlings in single species blocks on a former concession site in 1994: Rhizophora apiculata (Ra) and R. mucronata (Rm); and 1995: Bruguiera cylindrica (Bc) and Ceriops tagal (Ct). Tree growth and natural recruitment of seedlings and saplings were recorded in 100 m2 sampled quadrats in each species block in 1999, 2008, 2019 and 2023. All four species exceeded 10 m mean height by 2019 (range 12.1 ± 3.8 m to 19.6 ± 2.3 m), while mean DBH was 7.5 ± 3.4 cm to 9.1 ± 6.9 cm. There was evidence of self-thinning mortality by 2023, especially in the Ra and Bc blocks. Some illegal cutting of Bc trees between 2019 and 2023 further impacted the growth performance of this species, which exhibited a compensatory strategy of self-planting many seedlings. The height and DBH of the four planted species in 2023 were still less than in a mature Rhizophora- and Ceriops-dominated conservation forest area (mean tree height 17.4 ± 6.7 m; DBH 15.1 ± 7.3 cm). However, soil organic carbon (SOC) was high and not significantly different between the monoculture species blocks (525 ± 107 Mg C ha-1 to 743 ± 31 Mg C ha-1) and the conservation forest (616 ± 91 Mg C ha-1). SOC accounted for 74%-90% of the total ecosystem C, which was 650 to 829 Mg C ha-1 in the planted species blocks and 828 Mg C ha-1 in the conservation forest. The estimates for plant, soil and ecosystem C are compared with those reported from other natural and planted mangrove sites in Southeast Asia, especially along the Andaman Sea coast. The findings confirm the importance of conserving the few remaining areas of near-primary mangrove forest in this region.
Multidisciplinary research to advance the development of functional recovery for community resilience
Authors: Fung Juan F. , Zhang Yating , Johnson Katherine J. , Cook Dustin T. , Sattar Siamak
Published: July 2023

Functional recovery has the potential to serve as the link between asset-level design of the built infrastructure and community-level resilience to disasters. This article reviews current research and development efforts to advance the science-supporting post-earthquake recovery-based performance objectives for buildings and critical lifelines in the United States (US). We propose a holistic approach to the development of recovery-based design criteria that considers the various stakeholder perspectives within three distinct but interrelated stages of development: formulation of design guidance, codes, and standards; implementation of guidance, codes, and standards into practice; and evaluation of outcomes and impact. We propose a market-based stakeholder analysis that frames the diverse stakeholder perspectives within their role in supporting each stage: Policy Makers (the market makers), Decision Makers (the supply side), and End Users (the demand side). Within this context, we make two recommendations to support the development of recovery-based design standards: (1) economic evaluation should be conducted in conjunction with engineering design; (2) efforts at the formulation stage should be forward-looking to the implementation stage. Finally, we discuss challenges for implementation (defining critical functions, equity and community resilience, and monitoring, enforcement, and evaluation) and open questions for the future of functional recovery in supporting community resilience goals.
Robust distributed model predictive control of connected vehicle platoon against DoS attacks
Authors: Zeng Hao , Ye Zehua , Zhang Dan , Lu Qun
Published: July 2023

This paper investigates the robust distributed model predictive control (DMPC) of connected vehicle platoon (CVP) systems subject to denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. The main objective is to design a DMPC algorithm that enables the CVP system to achieve exponential tracking performance. First, a switched system model is proposed for the networked CVP system in the presence of DoS attacks. Then the sufficient conditions for the exponential stability of tracking the performance of the CVP control system under DoS attacks are obtained by constructing a specific Lyapunov function and using the topological matrix decoupling technique. In our paper, the DoS attack phenomenon is handled by introducing the frequency and duration parameters, and a quantitative relationship between the exponential decay rate of the CVP system and the DoS attacks parameters is established based on the conditions proposed in the system design, and the critical value of the DoS attack duration ratio is also derived. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified through a simulation of a CVP system consisting of one leading vehicle and three following vehicles.
Self-powered wearable IoT sensors as human-machine interfaces
Authors: Xi Yuan , Tan Puchuan , Li Zhou , Fan Yubo
Published: July 2023

Self-powered wearable Internet of Things (IoT) sensors have made a significant impact on human life and health in recent years. These sensors are known for their convenience, durability, affordability, and longevity, leading to substantial improvements in people’s lives. This review summarizes the development of self-powered wearable IoT sensors in recent years. Materials for self-powered wearable sensors are summarized and evaluated, including nanomaterials, flexible materials, and degradable materials. The working mode of self-powered wearable IoT sensors is analyzed, and the different principles of its physical sensing and chemical sensing are explained. Several common technologies for self-powered wearable IoT sensors are presented, such as triboelectric technology, piezoelectric technology, and machine learning. The applications of self-powered IoT wearable sensors in human-machine interfaces are reviewed. Its current shortcomings and prospects for its future development are also discussed. To conduct this review, a comprehensive literature search was performed using several electronic databases, resulting in the inclusion of 225 articles. The gathered data was extracted, synthesized, and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. This review provides a comprehensive analysis and summary of its working mode, technologies, and applications and provides references and inspiration for related research in this field. Furthermore, this review also identifies the key directions and challenges for future research.
Pemanfaatan Situs Kampung Tenun Samarinda Sebagai Sumber Pembelajaran Sejarah Pada Kurikulum Merdeka di Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Norhidayat Norhidayat
Published: July 2023

Samarinda Weaving Village is a village that has been around for a long time in Samarinda City, East Kalimantan. This village is located in Samarinda Seberang which is densely populated and the majority are woven cloth craftsmen. In this research, it starts from how the use of weaving villages as a source of history learning in Samarinda City and what things can be used related to this learning resource in schools. Apart from that, this research will also discuss how to utilize Weaving Village as a Source of Learning History in accordance with the independent curriculum policy. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with data collection in the form of interviews with data collection techniques, data presentation, data reduction and verification as well as conclusions. In this research, we will find out how the role of the teacher will play in utilizing historical learning resources in Samarinda City. In addition, how is the application of the independent learning curriculum in preparing students who are active and creative and able to hone students' thinking skills. Thus, the purpose of the independent curriculum and how it is implemented in learning history and the use of weaving villages will be answered in this study. In addition, we can also see the activeness of students in learning history by utilizing learning resources in accordance with the independent curriculum.
Penggunaan Multimedia Flipbook Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Sejarah Peserta Didik Kelas XI SMAN 10 Banjarmasin
Authors: Fatmawati Tiara , Syaharuddin Syaharuddin , Prawitasari Melisa
Published: July 2023

Electronic school books are one of the widely used learning media, but naturally, they look more attractive with audio, video, and image features that make it easier for students to understand the material presented so that student learning outcomes can increase. So that this researcher has a goal to (1) see the results of using a digital multimedia flipbook in improving student learning outcomes in class XI history subjects (2) to find out student responses to the use of flipbooks as a learning medium applied to subjects history. This study uses a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental research design (quasi-experimental), to determine the increase in student learning outcomes using t-test analysis techniques by comparing students pretest learning outcomes with post-test, using two classes, namely experimental class and control class. Based on the results of the study, it shows that the learning outcomes ofstudents’ learning outcomessults of the pretest and post-test, the average result of the pretest score is 60.31 and the average result of the control class score is 60.14. After carrying out a treatment in the experimental class that uses flipbook in learning, the average post-test score is 81.65 and for the control class that does learning without giving treatment, it shows an average score of 61.58. Based on the results of the post-test using the t-test, a significant value of Sig. (2-tailed) 0.00 < 0.05, it means that Ha isaccepted and it means that there is a difference between the use of multimedia flipbook in learning with learning without a multimedia flipbook
Peran Sekolah Islam Terpadu Dalam Pembentukan Sikap, Moral Dan Akhlak Generasi Muda (Peran SD Swasta IT Petak Batuah)
Authors: Subroto Wisnu , Maulana Akhmad , Susanto Heri
Published: July 2023

Various cases of violence, harassment, abuse and other criminal cases are happening and are in the spotlight today. This happens because of the lack of attitude, moral and religious character education or character education. Seeing this situation, the existence of an Integrated Islamic School is one of the answers in guiding, educating and improving the character of children from an early age. This study aims to describe the role of IT Private SD Petak Batuah in the formation of attitudes, morals and morals of the younger generation. This study uses qualitative research methods that use data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and document studies. Data analysis uses descriptive qualitative analysis which includes the stages of reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the existence of the IT Petak Batuah Private Elementary School has played a role in shaping the attitudes, morals and morals of its students, where educational activities in schools are not only to educate children intellectually, but also to shape the personality and character of students as a whole, described in several ways. as follows: 1) The implementation of school education combines general education with Islamic education, seen in educational activities that are in the packaging of Islamic teachings and values. 2) There are religious activities designed to shape the character of students which include routine habituation activities every day as well as activities on certain days which include; dhuha prayer in congregation, additional hours, yasin tahlil, and watching together one day. 3) schools shape the personality of students through the example that educators do in their various activities, becoming real examples in various words and actions that are seen by students.
Cooking Fuel Choice and Well-Being: A Global Perspective
Authors: Scott Nigel , Nsengiyaremye Jerome , Todd Jacob Fodio , Leary Jon
Published: July 2023

This paper examines the importance of choice of cooking fuels in wellbeing, analysing relationships between the proportion of population with primary reliance on different types of fuels for cooking (predictor variable), and key wellbeing indices (outcome variables) - Personal Health, Social Life, Civic Engagement, Life Evaluation, Negative Experience. By combining two global datasets from Gallup and WHO, the study adds to current evidence by taking a global perspective. Controlling for demographic factors such as income per capita, age, education level, employment, etc., regression modelling of these relationships show that clean cooking fuels are influential in all of the key wellbeing indices with the exception of the Life Evaluation Index. Among the key wellbeing indices, Personal Health and Negative Experience Indices are the most strongly influenced by choice of clean cooking fuels. By adding access to electricity as an additional predictor variable, the analysis highlights the potential for integrating eCooking into national electrification plans as part of sustainable energy transitions, given that health outcomes (Personal health and Negative experience indices) appear to be as closely linked to choice of cooking fuels as to access to electricity.
Systematic Identification and Functional Analysis of the Hypericum perforatum L. bZIP Gene Family Indicating That Overexpressed HpbZIP69 Enhances Drought Resistance
Authors: Xiao Ruyi , Yang Shu , Sun Yan , Yang Yixiao , Wang Donghao , Wang Zhezhi , Zhou Wen
Published: July 2023

bZIP transcription factors, basic leucine zipper, play significant roles in plants’ growth and development processes, as well as in response to biological and abiotic stress. Hypericum perforatum is one of the world's top three best-selling herbal medicines, mainly used to treat depression. However, there is no systematic identification or functional analysis of the bZIP gene family in H. perforatum. In this study, 79 HpbZIP genes were identified. Based on phylogenetic analysis, the HpbZIP gene family was divided into ten groups, designated A-I, and S. The physicochemical properties, gene structures, protein conserved motifs, and Gene Ontology enrichments of all HpbZIPs were systematically analyzed. The expression patterns of all genes in different tissues of H. perforatum (root, stem, leaf, and flower) were analyzed by qRT-PCR, revealing the different expression patterns of HpbZIP under abiotic stresses. HpbZIP69 protein is localized in the nucleus. According to the results of the yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assays, HpbZIP69 can bind to the HpASMT2 (N-Acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase) gene promoter ( G-box cis-element ) to activate its activity. Overexpressing HpbZIP69 transgenic Arabidopsis lines enhanced tolerance to drought. The content of MDA and H2O2 content was significantly decreased, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was considerably increased under the drought stress. These results may aid in additional functional studies of HpbZIP transcription factors and cultivating drought-resistant medicinal plants.
Thermospheric Density Response to the Solar Activity and QBO
Authors: Bo Li , Fei Cui Rui , Bin Weng Li
Published: July 2023

In this study, we discuss the thermospheric density response to the solar activity and QBO. By using the wavelet power spectrum method, the thermospheric density from 1967 to 2013 shows ~11-year period, semiannual and annual variations, while the seasonal variation is usually more significant under high solar activity conditions. Importantly, we investigate the possible link between the density and the QBO, with the aid of GAMDM model and different density residual method. As a result, the difference between the measured density and empirical model seemingly has QBO signal, but the ratio of them revels that the QBO signal does not exist in the thermospheric density. Comprehensively, we thought the stratospheric QBO cannot impact on the thermosphere, and more data and numerical modeling are needed for further validation.
The Paradigm of Immune Dysregulation in COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Sahoo Om Saswat , Pethusamy Karthikeyan , Nayek Arnab , Minocha Rashmi , Dhar Ruby , Karmakar Subhradip
Published: July 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic cost 7-8 million deaths worldwide, creating an unprecedented health and economic crisis. Affecting 700 million people globally, the magnitude of this pandemic is far from anything that humanity has encountered in recent times. A detailed investigation revealed that more than the SARS-CoV2 virus, the hyperactive immune system mediated injury as the real cause of mortality. Cytokine storm following viral infection leads to the surge of proinflammatory cytokines resulting in ARDS and lung injury. Anti-inflammatory intervention with anti-IL6 (anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) (e.g., sarilumab, tocilizumab) and anti-IL-6 mAbs (i.e., siltuximab) and /or steroid-based approach lead to substantial protection and prevent death thereby implying the role of inflammation in COVID-19. In this short review, we summarized the dysregulated immune system in COVID-19 infection, investigating in detail the virus–host immune cross talks and presenting the possibilities of therapeutic intervention.
Bioverm® (Duddingtonia flagrans) Compared to the Association of Duddingtonia flagrans and Pochonia chlamydosporia for the Biological Control of Cattle Nematodes in Southeast Brazil
Authors: Vidal Maria Larissa Bitencourt , VIEIRA ITALO STOUPA , CASTRO LORENA SOUZA , DE FREITAS SAMUEL GALVÃO , E Silva André Ricardo , ARAUJO JACKSON VICTOR
Published: July 2023

The use of bioproducts is an alternative to minimize the indiscriminate use of anthelmintics to control worms in livestock. This study evaluated the effects of oral administration of two commercial formulations, based on the fungus Duddingtonia flagrans (Bioverm®) and D. flagrans associated with Pochonia chlamydosporia, on the control of worms in naturally infected cattle on February pasture. to October 2021. Eighteen Holstein x Zebu cattle were divided into groups of six animals (group 1 Bioverm®, group 2 Association® and control), separated into paddocks naturally infected with helminth larvae (L3). Collection of feces samples to determine parasite load and pasture samples to determine L3 infestation. The study demonstrated low recovery of L3 in the pasture due to low rainfall during the experiment. The EPG was lower in groups 1 and 2 compared to the control in April, May and July, while in March the values were lower only in treatment 1 compared to the control. The individual or combined administration of fungal products reduced the release of eggs and the presence of larvae in pastures in certain months of the year, indicating their effectiveness in the strategic control of gastrointestinal parasites in cattle.
Novel Biocement/Honey Composites for Bone Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Medvecky Lubomir , Giretova Maria , Stulajterova Radoslava , Sopcak Tibor , Jevinova Pavlina , Luptakova Lenka
Published: July 2023

New biocements based on a powdered mixture of calcium phosphate/monetite (TTCPM) modified with the honey addition were prepared by mixing the powder and honey liquid components at a non-cytotoxic concentration of honey (up to 10% (w/v)). The setting process of the cements was not affected by the addition of honey, and the set-ting time of ~4 min corresponded to the fast setting calcium phosphate cements (CPC´s). The cement powder mixture was completely transformed into calcium-deficient nanohydroxyapatite after 24 hours of hardening in simulated body fluid, and columnar growth of long needle-like nanohydroxyapatite particles around the original calcium phosphate particles was observed in honey cements. The compressive strength of honey cements was reduced with the content of honey in the cement. The comparable antibacterial activity of cements with honey solutions was found on Escherichia coli, but very low antibacterial activity was found for Staphylococus aureus for all cements. The enhanced antioxidant inhibitory activity of composite extracts was verified. In vitro cytotoxicity testing verified the non-cytotoxic nature of honey cement extracts, and the addition of honey promoted alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium deposit production, and upregulation of osteogenic genes (osteopontin, osteocalcin, and osteonectin) by mesenchymal stem cells, demonstrating a positive synergistic effect of honey and CPC on the bioactivity of cements that could be promising therapeutic candidates for the repair of bone defects.
Improvements in Artificial Intelligence and Its Impact on Child Psychology
Authors: Patil Abhinandan , Singh Neha
Published: July 2023

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a hopeful tool for helping parents with different parts of raising children by giving them personalized tips, evidence-based methods, and timely solutions. This paper talks about the difficulties and possibilities of using AI to help parents. It also talks about the possible benefits and its impact on child psychology. There are a lot of ways that AI can help parents, from giving personalized advice that fits the needs of each family to intervening quickly when it spots early signs of developmental problems or parenting stress. AI makes it easier for parents to find tools, workshops, and interactive modules that are based on research. This gives parents the knowledge and trust they need to make choices about their child's growth that are based on facts. Also, AI-powered support can connect parents with similar problems, creating a sense of community and making it less embarrassing to ask for help with parenting or mental health. But there are a few problems that need to be carefully dealt with before AI can be used to help parents in a responsible and effective way. Data privacy and security are very important to protect families' safety and well-being. Important things to think about are the ethical use of data, transparency, and educated permission. Also, the accuracy and dependability of AI programs are very important when it comes to giving good advise and suggestions. To make sure everyone gets fair and equal help, efforts must be made to find and get rid of flaws. Also, AI shouldn't replace human sense and experience; it should add to them. When parents rely too much on AI, they might forget how important human contact and mental support are. To accommodate different parenting styles and views, it is important to be sensitive to culture and circumstances. In conclusion, AI-powered parenting support has a lot of promise to help parents be better parents and help children grow and learn. AI can be a useful tool for helping parents if it can solve problems related to data privacy, ethics, reducing bias, and working together with humans. Finding a balance between technology progress and human connection is important if AI is to be used to its fullest potential to give parents more power and help children grow in the best way possible.
Comparison of the Visual Outcomes of Enhanced and Standard Monofocal Intraocular Lens Implantations in Eyes with Early Glaucoma
Authors: Nam Jeoung Woo , Lee Jong Hoon , Zhang Haowei , Sung Mi Sun , Park Sang Woo
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to compare the efficacies and safety of enhanced and standard monofocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) in eyes with early glaucoma. Patients with concurrent cataracts and open-angle glaucoma (OAG) were enrolled. They underwent cataract surgery with IOL implantation. Manifest refraction; monocular uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (UIVA), and uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA); visual field (VF); contrast sensitivity (CS); defocus curves and questionnaires were assessed three months postoperatively. Thirty-four and 38 patients had enhanced and standard monofocal IOLs, respectively. The enhanced monofocal IOL provided better UIVA than the standard monofocal IOL (p = 0.003) but similar UDVA, CDVA and UNVA. The enhanced monofocal IOL had more consistent defocus curves than the standard monofocal IOL, especially at -1 (p = 0.042) and -1.5 (p = 0.026) diopters. The enhanced monofocal IOL provided better satisfaction (p = 0.019) and lower spectacle dependence (p = 0.004) than the standard monofocal IOL for intermediate vision, with similar VF and CS. In conclusion, the enhanced monofocal IOL is recommended for patients with OAG because they provide better intermediate vision, higher satisfaction, and lower dependence on spectacles than standard monofocal IOL, without worsening other visual outcomes.
Emerging Information Technologies for the Energy Management of Onboard Microgrids in Transportation Applications
Authors: Huang Zhen , Xiao Xuechun , Gao Yuan , Xia Yonghong , Dragicevic Tomislav , Wheeler Patrick
Published: July 2023

In the past decades, the world is actively working towards the global goal of net-zero emission. To decrease emissions, there is a notable trend of electrification in transportation, which is a transition from traditional fuel-based systems to electrical power systems onboard different transportation platforms. For this transition, it is important to study the electrical structure, specifically the onboard microgrid, powered by various energy sources. In this paper, traditional energy management strategies for onboard microgrid systems are discussed, which usually require complicated optimization algorithms and high computation capabilities. Driven by the recent advancements in information technologies, artificial intelligence and digital twin have gained much interest within the transportation sector. These technologies can effectively utilize data to achieve intelligent decision-making, optimize resource utilization, and save energy consumption. This paper presents an overview of the usage of these emerging information technologies in energy management strategies, providing an overall summary and classification of the practical applications. In addition, after examining the potential challenges associated with artificial intelligence and digital twin, this paper also discusses future trends in this field.
Halogen Bonding Involving Isomeric Isocyanide/Nitrile Groups
Authors: Smirnov Andrey S. , Katlenok Eugene A. , Mikherdov Alexander S. , Kryukova Mariya A. , Bokach Nadezhda A. , Kukushkin Vadim Yu.
Published: July 2023

2,3,5,6-Tetramethyl-1,4-diisocyanobenzene (1), 1,4-diisocyanobenzene (2), and 1,4-dicyanobenzene (3) were co-crystallized with 1,3,5-triiodotrifluorobenzene (1,3,5-FIB) to give three cocrystals, 1·1,3,5-FIB, 2·2(1,3,5-FIB), and 3·2(1,3,5-FIB), which were studied by XRD. Common feature of the three structures is the presence of I···Cisocyanide or I···Nnitrile HaBs occurred between an iodine -hole and the isocyanide C- (or the nitrile N-) atom. The diisocyanide and dinitrile cocrystals, 2·2(1,3,5-FIB) and 3·2(1,3,5-FIB), are isostructural thus providing a basis for accurate comparison of the two types of noncovalent linkages of CN/NC groups in the composition of structurally similar entities and in one crystal environment. The bonding situation was studied by a set of theoretical methods. Diisocyanides are more nucleophilic than the dinitrile and they exhibit stronger binding to 1,3,5-FIB. In all structures, the HaBs are mostly determined by the electrostatic interactions, but the dispersion and induction components also provide a noticeable contribution and make the HaBs attractive. Charge transfer has a small contribution (<5%) to the HaB and it is higher for the diisocyanide than for the dinitrile systems. At the same time, diisocyanide and dinitrile structures exhibit typical electron-donor and -acceptor properties in relation to the HaB donor.
Linear and Nonlinear Modes & Data Signatures in Dynamic Systems Biology Models
Authors: DiStefano Joseph
Published: July 2023

The particulars of stimulus-response experiments done on dynamic biosystems clearly limit what one can learn and validate about their structural interconnectivity (topology), even when collected kinetic output data are perfect (noise-free). As always, available access ports and other data limitations rule. For linear systems, exponential modes, visible and hidden, play an important role in understanding data limitations, embodied in what we call dynamical signatures in the data. We show here how to circumscribe and analyze modal response data in compartmentalizing model structures – so that modal analysis can be used constructively in systems biology model building – for nonlinear (NL) as well as linear biosystems. We do this by developing and exploiting the modal basis for dynamical signatures in hypothetical (perfect) input-output data associated with a structural model – one that includes inputs and outputs explicitly – and for NL as well as linear biosystems. The methodology establishes model dimensionality (size, complexity) from particular data sets; helps select among multiple candidate models (model distinguishability); helps in designing new experiments to extract “hidden” structure; and helps to simplify (reduce) models to their essentials. For NL biosystems, results are not as comprehensive, similarly informative about their dominant dynamical properties, and unified with linear models on invariant 2-dimensional manifolds in phase space. Some automation of these highly technical aspects of biomodeling is also introduced.
Evidence-Based Algorithm “Anki” for Optimization of Medical Education: The Evolution of Knowledge Retention
Authors: Goldman Matthew , Bryan Jaimie , Lucke-Wold Brandon
Published: July 2023

The aim of this review was to summarize the available literature regarding resident and medical student education utilizing the spaced repetition program Anki. This review enables current residents and medical students to recognize and utilize evidence-proven study techniques to increase learning efficacy. A systemic review of papers across all medical journals available on Pubmed was conducted to identify studies published without time constraints. The search was for (Anki) and (spaced repetition residency). Available outcome data was collected and discussed independently for students and residents. Many studies showed a statistically significant increase in exam performance associated with Anki use and high levels of satisfaction among residents and medical students. Further research is warranted to provide high-quality evidence of Anki’s applications and there is a need for exploration in additional residency specialties. Anki use has steadily increased with both medical students and residents. The application demonstrated consistent improvement on exam-based performance and was regarded highly by users. As burnout and time constrictions threaten educational workflow, Anki may serve as a powerful tool to improve the quality of learning. Further data needs to be collected and analyzed in specialties where Anki use may already exist.