bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Glucocorticoid resistance of migration and gene expression in a daughter MDA-MB-231 breast tumour cell line selected for high metastatic potential
Authors: Fietz Ebony R. , Keenan Christine R. , López-Campos Guillermo , Tu Yan , Johnstone Cameron N. , Harris Trudi , Stewart Alastair G.
Published: March 2017

Glucocorticoids are commonly used to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting despite a lack of understanding of their direct effect on cancer progression. Recent studies suggest that glucocorticoids inhibit cancer cell migration. However, this action has not been investigated in estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast tumour cells, although activation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is associated with a worse prognosis in ER-negative breast cancers. In this study we have explored the effect of glucocorticoids on the migration of the ER-negative MDA-MB-231 human breast tumour cell line and the highly metastatic MDA-MB-231-HM.LNm5 cell line that was generated through in vivo cycling. We show for the first time that glucocorticoids inhibit 2- and 3-dimensional migration of MDA-MB-231 cells. Selection of cells for high metastatic potential resulted in a less migratory cell phenotype that was resistant to regulation by glucocorticoids and showed decreased GR receptor expression. The emergence of glucocorticoid resistance during metastatic selection may partly explain the apparent disparity between the clinical and in vitro evidence regarding the actions of glucocorticoids in cancer. These findings highlight the highly plastic nature of tumour cells, and underscore the need to more fully understand the direct effect of glucocorticoid treatment on different stages of metastatic progression.
Dynamics of cancerous tissue correlates with invasiveness
Authors: West Ann-Katrine Vransø , Wullkopf Lena , Christensen Amalie , Leijnse Natascha , Tarp Jens Magelund , Mathiesen Joachim , Erler Janine Terra , Oddershede Lene Broeng
Published: March 2017

Two of the classical hallmarks of cancer are uncontrolled cell division and tissue invasion, which turn the disease into a systemic, life-threatening condition. Although both processes are studied, a clear correlation between cell division and motility of cancer cells has not been described previously. Here, we experimentally characterize the dynamics of invasive and non-invasive breast cancer tissues using human and murine model systems. The intrinsic tissue velocities, as well as the divergence and vorticity around a dividing cell correlate strongly with the invasive potential of the tissue, thus showing a distinct correlation between tissue dynamics and aggressiveness. We formulate a model which treats the tissue as a visco-elastic continuum. This model provides a valid reproduction of the cancerous tissue dynamics, thus, biological signaling is not needed to explain the observed tissue dynamics. The model returns the characteristic force exerted by an invading cell and reveals a strong correlation between force and invasiveness of breast cancer cells, thus pinpointing the importance of mechanics for cancer invasion.
Downregulation of MMP1 in MDS-derived mesenchymal stromal cells reduces the capacity to restrict MDS cell proliferation
Authors: Zhao Sida , Zhao Youshan , Guo Juan , Fei Chengming , Zheng Qingqing , Li Xiao , Chang Chunkang
Published: March 2017

The role of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) has been increasingly addressed, but has yet to be clearly elucidated. In this investigation, we found that MDS cells proliferated to a greater extent on MDS-derived MSCs compared to normal MSCs. Matrix metalloproteinase 1(MMP1), which was downregulated in MDS-MSCs, was identified as an inhibitory factor of MDS cell proliferation, given that treatment with an MMP1 inhibitor or knock-down of MMP1 in normal MSCs resulted in increased MDS cell proliferation. Further investigations indicated that MMP1 induced apoptosis of MDS cells by interacting with PAR1 and further activating the p38 MAPK pathway. Inhibition of either PAR1 or p38 MAPK can reverse the apoptosis-inducing effect of MMP1. Taken together, these data indicate that downregulation of MMP1 in MSCs of MDS patients may contribute to the reduced capacity of MSCs to restrict MDS cell proliferation, which may account for the malignant proliferation of MDS cells.
Clinical characteristics and prognosis of cerebral venous thrombosis in Chinese women during pregnancy and puerperium
Authors: Liang Zhu-Wei , Gao Wan-Li , Feng Li-Min
Published: March 2017

Due to the specific physiology associated with pregnancy and puerperium, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVT) may manifest different characteristics. This study aimed to identify the clinical manifestations and prognosis of pregnancy-associated CVT. A total of 43 pregnancy-associated CVT patients were enrolled. We analysed the clinical presentations of the disease and performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine which variables were associated with prognosis. Our descriptive results showed the following: 1) the incidence was 202 per 100,000 deliveries, and the mortality rate was 11.63%; 2) the most frequent symptom was headache; 3) the most frequent abnormal laboratory findings were increased levels of fibrinogen and several serum lipoproteins (including triglyceride, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, apolipoprotein A1, and apolipoprotein B); and 4) the superior sagittal sinus and transverse sinus were the most frequently affected locations. Moreover, an increased modified Rankin Scale score was positively associated with infection, seizure, intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). Comparably, the occurrence of death was positively and significantly associated with infection, seizure and ICH. Consequently, timely diagnosis and treatment of pregnancy-associated CVT patients with infection, seizure, ICH or HDP are needed. Patients with infection, seizure or ICH have a greater risk of death.
Working dogs cooperate among one another by generalised reciprocity
Authors: Gfrerer Nastassja , Taborsky Michael
Published: March 2017

Cooperation by generalised reciprocity implies that individuals apply the decision rule “help anyone if helped by someone”. This mechanism has been shown to generate evolutionarily stable levels of cooperation, but as yet it is unclear how widely this cooperation mechanism is applied among animals. Dogs (Canis familiaris) are highly social animals with considerable cognitive potential and the ability to differentiate between individual social partners. But although dogs can solve complex problems, they may use simple rules for behavioural decisions. Here we show that dogs trained in an instrumental cooperative task to provide food to a social partner help conspecifics more often after receiving help from a dog before. Remarkably, in so doing they show no distinction between partners that had helped them before and completely unfamiliar conspecifics. Apparently, dogs use the simple decision rule characterizing generalised reciprocity, although they are probably capable of using the more complex decision rule of direct reciprocity: “help someone who has helped you”. However, generalized reciprocity involves lower information processing costs and is therefore a cheaper cooperation strategy. Our results imply that generalised reciprocity might be applied more commonly than direct reciprocity also in other mutually cooperating animals.
Effect of Foam on Liquid Phase Mobility in Porous Media
Authors: Eftekhari A. A. , Farajzadeh R.
Published: March 2017

We investigate the validity of the assumption that foam in porous media reduces the mobility of gas phase only and does not impact the liquid-phase mobility. The foam is generated by simultaneous injection of nitrogen gas and a surfactant solution into sandstone cores and its strength is varied by changing surfactant type and concentration. We find, indeed, that the effect of foam on liquid-phase mobility is not pronounced and can be ignored. Our new experimental results and analyses resolve apparent discrepancies in the literature. Previously, some researchers erroneously applied relative permeability relationships measured at small to moderate capillary numbers to foam floods at large capillary number. Our results indicate that the water relative permeability in the absence of surfactant should be measured with the capillary pressure ranging up to values reached during the foam floods. This requires conducting a steady-state gas/water core flood with capillary numbers similar to that of foam floods or measuring the water relative-permeability curve using a centrifuge.
Dietary glycaemic index and glycaemic load among Australian adults – results from the 2011–2012 Australian Health Survey
Authors: Louie Jimmy Chun Yu , Jones Molly , Barclay Alan W. , Brand-Miller Jennie C.
Published: March 2017

This study aimed to determine the major food groups contributing to dietary glycaemic load (GL). Plausible food intake data collected using a multiple-pass 24 hour recall from a weighted sample of 6326 adult respondents (52% male) of the 2011–2012 Australian Health Survey dataset (AHS) were analysed. The GI of foods was estimated based on a previously published step-wise method. Descriptive statistics were calculated for dietary glycaemic index (GI), GL and contribution to GL by major food groups, stratified by age and sex. Trends across age groups were assessed using linear regression. Pearson’s χ2 was used to test for differences between age groups for categorical demographics variables. The mean (SD) dietary GI and GL was 54 (7) and 135 (59) respectively and the top 3 contributors to dietary GL were breads (14.4%), cereal-based dishes (10.3%) and breakfast cereals (ready to eat) (6.6%). There were small but significant differences in the GL contribution pattern between the sexes. The findings indicate that the average dietary GI of Australian adults is similar to that of other population groups, with a large proportion of starchy and energy-dense nutrient-poor foods that contribute to a high GL.
Galectin-3 is a non-classic RNA binding protein that stabilizes the mucin MUC4 mRNA in the cytoplasm of cancer cells
Authors: Coppin Lucie , Vincent Audrey , Frénois Frédéric , Duchêne Belinda , Lahdaoui Fatima , Stechly Laurence , Renaud Florence , Villenet Céline , Van Seuningen Isabelle , Leteurtre Emmanuelle , Dion Johann , Grandjean Cyrille , Poirier Françoise , Figeac Martin , Delacour Delphine , Porchet Nicole , Pigny Pascal
Published: March 2017

Pancreatic cancer cells express high levels of MUC1, MUC4 and MUC16 mRNAs that encode membrane-bound mucins. These mRNAs share unusual features such as a long half-life. However, it remains unknown how mucin mRNA stability is regulated. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is an endogenous lectin playing important biological functions in epithelial cells. Gal-3 is encoded by LGALS3 which is up-regulated in pancreatic cancer. Despite the absence of a RNA-recognition motif, Gal-3 interacts indirectly with pre-mRNAs in the nucleus and promotes constitutive splicing. However a broader role of Gal-3 in mRNA fate is unexplored. We report herein that Gal-3 increases MUC4 mRNA stability through an intermediate, hnRNP-L which binds to a conserved CA repeat element in the 3′UTR in a Gal-3 dependent manner and also controls Muc4 mRNA levels in epithelial tissues of Gal3−/− mice. Gal-3 interacts with hnRNP-L in the cytoplasm, especially during cell mitosis, but only partly associates with protein markers of P-Bodies or Stress Granules. By RNA-IP plus RNA-seq analysis and imaging, we demonstrate that Gal-3 binds to mature spliced MUC4 mRNA in the perinuclear region, probably in hnRNP-L-containing RNA granules. Our findings highlight a new role for Gal-3 as a non-classic RNA-binding protein that regulates MUC4 mRNA post-transcriptionally.
Pricing the urban cooling benefits of solar panel deployment in Sydney, Australia
Authors: Ma S. , Goldstein M. , Pitman A. J. , Haghdadi N. , MacGill I.
Published: March 2017

Cities import energy, which in combination with their typically high solar absorption and low moisture availability generates the urban heat island effect (UHI). The UHI, combined with human-induced warming, makes our densely populated cities particularly vulnerable to climate change. We examine the utility of solar photovoltaic (PV) system deployment on urban rooftops to reduce the UHI, and we price one potential value of this impact. The installation of PV systems over Sydney, Australia reduces summer maximum temperatures by up to 1 °C because the need to import energy is offset by local generation. This offset has a direct environmental benefit, cooling local maximum temperatures, but also a direct economic value in the energy generated. The indirect benefit associated with the temperature changes is between net AUD$230,000 and $3,380,000 depending on the intensity of PV systems deployment. Therefore, even very large PV installations will not offset global warming, but could generate enough energy to negate the need to import energy, and thereby reduce air temperatures. The energy produced, and the benefits of cooling beyond local PV installation sites, would reduce the vulnerability of urban populations and infrastructure to temperature extremes.
Influence of deposition rate on the structural properties of plasma-enhanced CVD epitaxial silicon
Authors: Chen Wanghua , Cariou Romain , Hamon Gwenaëlle , Léal Ronan , Maurice Jean-Luc , Cabarrocas Pere Roca i
Published: March 2017

Solar cells based on epitaxial silicon layers as the absorber attract increasing attention because of the potential cost reduction. In this work, we studied the influence of the deposition rate on the structural properties of epitaxial silicon layers produced by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (epi-PECVD) using silane as a precursor and hydrogen as a carrier gas. We found that the crystalline quality of epi-PECVD layers depends on their thickness and deposition rate. Moreover, increasing the deposition rate may lead to epitaxy breakdown. In that case, we observe the formation of embedded amorphous silicon cones in the epi-PECVD layer. To explain this phenomenon, we develop a model based on the coupling of hydrogen and built-in strain. By optimizing the deposition conditions to avoid epitaxy breakdown, including substrate temperatures and plasma potential, we have been able to synthesize epi-PECVD layers up to a deposition rate of 8.3 Å/s. In such case, we found that the incorporation of hydrogen in the hydrogenated crystalline silicon can reach 4 at. % at a substrate temperature of 350 °C.
A label-free electrochemical bisphenol A immunosensor based on chlorogenic acid as a redox probe
Authors: Li Xiaofeng , Huang Ying , Chen Mei , Tong Yuejin , Zhang Cuiyun
Published: March 2017

A simple and sensitive electrochemical immunosensor for bisphenol A was prepared with an acetylene black–chitosan–gold composite (AB–CS–Au) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as electrode modifiers and chlorogenic acid (CGA) as the redox probe.
Preparation of bifunctional magnetic nanoparticles with octadecyl and phosphate groups by thiol–ene click chemistry for extraction and enrichment of organophosphorus pesticides in tea drinks
Authors: Nie Fan , Wang Jiannan , Lu Xin , Ye Fanggui
Published: March 2017

Bifunctional magnetic nanoparticles with octadecyl and phosphate groups were synthesized by thiol–ene click chemistry and applied for pre-concentration and extraction of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs).
Orchestration of dual cyclization processes and dual quenching mechanisms for enhanced selectivity and drastic fluorescence turn-on detection of cysteine
Authors: Tong Hongjuan , Zhao Jianhong , Li Xiangmin , Zhang Yajun , Ma Shengnan , Lou Kaiyan , Wang Wei
Published: March 2017

Synergistic dual cyclizations and dual quenching mechanisms of acrylate and maleimide groups for improved turn-on fluorescence detection of cysteine.
Wine lees modulate lipid metabolism and induce fatty acid remodelling in zebrafish
Authors: Caro M. , Sansone A. , Amezaga J. , Navarro V. , Ferreri C. , Tueros I.
Published: March 2017

This study investigates the ability of a polyphenolic extract obtained from a wine lees by-product to modulate zebrafish lipid metabolism.
Insight into the gastro-duodenal digestion resistance of soybean proteins and potential implications for residual immunogenicity
Authors: De Angelis Elisabetta , Pilolli Rosa , Bavaro Simona L. , Monaci Linda
Published: March 2017

Soy is an important component of the human diet thanks to its nutritional value and high protein content; however, it also represents a risk for allergenic consumers due to its potential to trigger adverse reactions in sensitized individuals.
Creation of a dual-porosity and dual-depth micromodel for the study of multiphase flow in complex porous media
Authors: Yun Wonjin , Ross Cynthia M. , Roman Sophie , Kovscek Anthony R.
Published: March 2017

We present a dual-porosity micromodel with multiple etch depths for visualization of two-phase flow; flow is characterizedviathe micro particle image velocimetry technique. The images show different flow fields through tight portions of the pore space after dual-depth etching.
Microfluidic continuum sorting of sub-populations of tumor cells via surface antibody expression levels
Authors: Jack Rhonda , Hussain Khadijah , Rodrigues Danika , Zeinali Mina , Azizi Ebrahim , Wicha Max , Simeone Diane M. , Nagrath Sunitha
Published: March 2017

In light of the significance of tumor cell heterogeneity, we describe a facile workflow to isolate distinct groups of tumor cells immunomagnetically, according to their surface-protein expression levels.
Pt/MnO2nanosheets: facile synthesis and highly efficient catalyst for ethylene oxidation at low temperature
Authors: Wang Min , Zhang Lingxia , Huang Weimin , Zhou Yajun , Zhao Han , Lv Jian , Tian Jianjian , Kan Xiaotian , Shi Jianlin
Published: March 2017

The obtained catalyst Pt/MnO2-48 h demonstrated complete removal of 20 ppm C2H4at 50 °C for at least 12 h due to the large amount of adsorbed oxygen species and synergetic catalytic effect between Pt and the MnO2support.
A glassy carbon electrode modified with γ-Ce2S3-decorated CNT nanocomposites for uric acid sensor development: a real sample analysis
Authors: Rahman Mohammed M. , Ahmed Jahir , Asiri Abdullah M.
Published: March 2017

γ-Ce2S3-decorated multi-walled carbon nanotube nanocomposite (Ce2S3-CNT NC) was synthesized by a wet chemical method in basic media.
One-step preparation of conjugated homopolymer sub-microspheresviaa controllable supramolecular approach toward optoelectronic applications
Authors: Yu Mengna , Liu Bin , Lin Jinyi , Bai Lubing , Ling Haifeng , Zhu Wensai , Xie Linghai , Yi Mingdong , Wang Jiangpu , Huang Wei
Published: March 2017

Supramolecular PPFOH-based conjugated polymer sub-microspheres (CPSMs) are constructedvia“one step” solvent evaporation induced interface self-assembly (SEIS), which pave a way to construct colloidal crystal and light-emitting diodes.
Live imaging of follicle stimulating hormone receptors in gonads and bones using near infrared II fluorophore
Authors: Feng Yi , Zhu Shoujun , Antaris Alexander L. , Chen Hao , Xiao Yuling , Lu Xiaowei , Jiang Linlin , Diao Shuo , Yu Kuai , Wang Yan , Herraiz Sonia , Yue Jingying , Hong Xuechuan , Hong Guosong , Cheng Zhen , Dai Hongjie , Hsueh Aaron J.
Published: March 2017

In vivoimaging of hormone receptors provides the opportunity to visualize target tissues under hormonal control in live animals.
Redox non-innocence permits catalytic nitrene carbonylation by (dadi)TiNAd (Ad = adamantyl)
Authors: Heins Spencer P. , Wolczanski Peter T. , Cundari Thomas R. , MacMillan Samantha N.
Published: March 2017

Redox non-innocence of the dadi ligand permits nitrene carbonylation catalysis by (dadi)TiAd (Ad = adamantyl).
The colorimetric assay of diamine oxidase activity with high sensitivity based on calixarene derivative-capped gold nanoparticles
Authors: Wu Beiping , Zou Fei , Wang Xingxin , Koh Kwangnak , Wang Keming , Chen Hongxia
Published: March 2017

Diamine oxidase (DAO) is involved in regulating ingested or endogenous histamine, several types of human cancer, and the cell mass during embryonic development.
Thermally populated “bright” states for wide-range and high temperature sensing in air
Authors: Fang Qiyun , Li Jiewei , Li Shayu , Duan Ruihong , Wang Shuangqing , Yi Yuanping , Guo Xudong , Qian Yan , Huang Wei , Yang Guoqiang
Published: March 2017

Using thermally populated brighter excited states, organic sensors have been developed for wide-range and high temperature sensing in air.
Palladium-catalyzed regioselective C–H fluoroalkylation of indoles at the C4-position
Authors: Borah Arun Jyoti , Shi Zhuangzhi
Published: March 2017

An exclusive catalytic C4-selective fluoroalkylation of indoles with highly active (1H, 1H-perfluoroalkyl)mesityliodonium triflate has been described.
Hierarchical porous Ni@boehmite/nickel aluminum oxide flakes with enhanced microwave absorption ability
Authors: Zhao Biao , Liu Junwei , Guo Xiaoqin , Zhao Wanyu , Liang Luyang , Ma Chao , Zhang Rui
Published: March 2017

Hierarchical core–shell composites with porous cores and flaky shells show superior absorption which possess many features, such as lightweight, wide band, small thickness and high efficiency absorption.
Effect of an acetylene bond on hydrogen adsorption in diamond-like carbon allotropes: from first principles to atomic simulation
Authors: Wu Xuanjun , Li Lei , Fang Tiange , Wang YeTong , Cai Weiquan , Xiang Zhonghua
Published: March 2017

Diamond-like diacetylene theoretically exhibits exceptional gravimetric and volumetric hydrogen storage capacities due to its abundant adsorption sites.
Mesoporous NiCo2O4 networks with enhanced performance as counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Zhang Chenle , Deng Libo , Zhang Peixin , Ren Xiangzhong , Li Yongliang , He Tingshu
Published: March 2017

The performance of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is strongly influenced by the catalytic performance of its counter electrode (CE) materials.
Oil-in-water emulsions stabilised by cellulose ethers: stability, structure and in vitro digestion
Authors: Borreani Jennifer , Espert María , Salvador Ana , Sanz Teresa , Quiles Amparo , Hernando Isabel
Published: March 2017

Cellulose ether emulsions have good physical and oxidative stability and can delay in vitro lipid digestion. HMC emulsions inhibit lipolysis more than others and could enhance gastric fullness and satiety.
Thiyl radical-mediated cyclization of ω-alkynyl O-tert-butyldiphenylsilyloximes
Authors: Shibata Nina , Tsuchiya Takahisa , Hashimoto Yoshimitsu , Morita Nobuyoshi , Ban Shintaro , Tamura Osamu
Published: March 2017

Treatment of ω-alkynyl O-tert-butyldiphenylsilyloximes with odorless thiol and AIBN gave cyclic O-silylhydroxylamines via a radical process in good yields.
A novel post-polymerization modification route to functional poly(disubstituted acetylenes) through phenol–yne click reaction
Authors: Wang Wenjie , Shi Yang , Wang Xiao , Qin Anjun , Sun Jing Zhi , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: March 2017

This work not only enriches the precursor species for the synthesis of functional poly(disubstituted acetylenes) but also adds a powerful tool to the tool box for the preparation of other functional polymers through the post-polymerization modification route.
Hydrophobic polypyrroles synthesized by aqueous chemical oxidative polymerization and their use as light-responsive liquid marble stabilizers
Authors: Kawashima H. , Mayama H. , Nakamura Y. , Fujii S.
Published: March 2017

Hydrophobic polypyrroles doped with perfluoroalkyl dopants can function as a liquid marble stabilizer with photothermal properties.
Hydrogen bonding in radical solution copolymerization kinetics of acrylates and methacrylates: a comparison of hydroxy- and methoxy-functionality
Authors: Schier Jan E. S. , Cohen-Sacal David , Hutchinson Robin A.
Published: March 2017

Experimental data obtained via pulsed laser polymerization are used to distinguish the influence of H-bonding on kinetic chain-growth parameters from that of side-chain heteroatoms.
Poly[2(6)-aminoazulene]: synthesis, photophysical properties, and proton conductivity
Authors: Hou Ian Cheng-Yi , Shetti Vijayendra , Huang Shou-Ling , Liu Kun-Lin , Chao Chi-Yang , Lin Song-Cheng , Lin You-Jen , Chen Li-Yin , Luh Tien-Yau
Published: March 2017

Dimeric aminoazulene and poly[2(6)-aminoazulene] are synthesized by Buchwald–Hartwig coupling of the corresponding monomeric carbamatoaminozulenes followed by hydrolysis.
Multicompartment-like aggregates formed by a redox-responsive surfactant encapsulated polyoxometalate in DMF/butanol mixed solvent
Authors: Li Na , Yi Sijing , Qian Zhaohong , Wang Jiao , Lei Nana , Chen Xiao
Published: March 2017

Redox-responsive multicompartment-like aggregates formed by a ferrocene-containing surfactant and a Keggin-type polyoxometalate.
White-light emission from discrete heterometallic lanthanide-directed self-assembled complexes in solution
Authors: Kotova Oxana , Comby Steve , Lincheneau Christophe , Gunnlaugsson Thorfinnur
Published: March 2017

Herein, we have developed a white-light-emitting system based on the formation of discrete lanthanide-based self-assembled complexes using a newly-designed ligand. We demonstrate that fine tuning of the lanthanide ions molar ratio in the self-assemblies combined with the intrinsic blue fluorescence of the ligand allows for the successful emission of pure white light with CIE coordinates of (0.33, 0.34).
A multi-retailer supply chain model with backorder and variable production cost
Authors: Majumder Arunava , Jaggi Chandra K. , Sarkar Biswajit
Published: March 2017

The modern marketing environment involves variability and randomness within the numerous parties of any supply chain network. Thus, formation of a supply chain model including multiple buyers and variable production rate is more acceptable than assuming a single-buyer with constant production rate model. This paper considers a supply chain network, where a single-vendor manufactures products in a batch production process and supplies them to a set of buyers over multiple times. Instead of assuming a fixed production rate, as commonly used in the literature, a variable production rate is introduced by the vendor and the production cost of the vendor is treated as a function of production rate. The continuous review inventory model is applied for multiple buyers to inspect inventory levels and a crashing cost is incurred by all buyers to reduce their lead times. The lead time demand follows a normal distribution. The unsatisfied demands at the buyers end are partially backordered. A model is formulated to minimize the joint expected cost of the vendor-buyers supply chain system. A classical optimization technique is utilized to solve the model. An improved algorithm is developed to obtain the numerical solution of the model. Finally, numerical examples are given to illustrate the model.
Hemostatic Resuscitation in Peripartum Hysterectomy Pre- and Postmassive Transfusion Protocol Initiation
Authors: Poole Aaron , Behnia Faranak , Dunn Holly , Clark Shannon , Pacheco Luis , Saade George , Hankins Gary , Dutta Eryn
Published: March 2017

Background Massive transfusion protocols (MTPs) have been examined in trauma. The exact ratio of packed red blood cells (PRBC) to other blood replacement components in hemostatic resuscitation in obstetrics has not been well defined.

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate hemostatic resuscitation in peripartum hysterectomy comparing pre- and postinstitution of a MTP.

Study Design We conducted a retrospective, descriptive study of women undergoing peripartum hysterectomies from January 2002 to January 2015 who received ≥ 4 units of PRBC. Individuals were grouped into either a pre-MTP institution group or a post-MTP institution group. The post-MTP group was subdivided into those who had the protocol activated (MTP) versus not activated (no MTP). Primary outcomes were estimated blood loss (EBL) and need for blood product replacement. The secondary outcome was a composite of maternal morbidity, including need for mechanical ventilation, venous thromboembolism, pulmonary edema, acute kidney injury, and postpartum infection. A Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare continuous variables, and a chi-squared test was used for categorical variables with significance of p < 0.05.

Results Of the 165 women who had a peripartum hysterectomy during the study period, 62 received four units or more of PRBC. No significant differences were noted in EBL or blood product replacement between the pre-MTP (n = 39) and post-MTP (n = 23) groups. Similarly, the MTP (n = 6) and no MTP (n = 17) subgroups showed no significant difference between EBL and overall blood product replacement. Significant differences were seen in transfusion of individual blood products, such as fresh frozen plasma (FFP) (MTP = 4, no MTP = 2; p = 0.02) and platelets (plts) (MTP = 6, no MTP = 0; p = 0.03). The use of high ratio replacement therapy for both plasma and plts was more common in the MTP group (FFP/PRBC ratio [MTP = 0.5, no MTP = 0.3; p = 0.02]; plts/PRBC ratio [MTP = 0.7, no MTP = 0; p = 0.03]). There were no differences in the secondary outcome between pre- and post-MTP or MTP and no MTP.

Conclusion Initiation of the MTP did result in an increase in transfusion of FFP and plts intraoperatively. At our institution, the MTP is underutilized, but it appears that providers are more cognizant of the use of high transfusion ratios.
A 14-Year Review of Craniomaxillofacial Gunshot Wounds in a Resource-Limited Setting
Authors: Amole Olushola , Osunde Otasowie , Akhiwu Benjamin , Efunkoya Akinwale , Omeje Kelvin , Amole Taiwo , Iliyasu Zubairu
Published: March 2017

This study analyzed the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and management of civilian-type craniomaxillofacial gunshot wounds (CGSWs) seen over a 14-year period in a Northern Nigerian teaching hospital. A retrospective study of all hospital records relating to CGSWs from January 2000 to December 2013 was conducted to determine the prevalence of CGSWs. Information retrieved included site of injury, type of projectile, management protocol, as well as duration of hospitalization. A total of 46 admissions for CGSWs were recorded during the period under review from a total of 2,228 maxillofacial admissions. This gave a prevalence of 2.1% for CGSWs (95% confidence interval = 1.56–2.81). Sex distribution was 14.3:1 (M:F) with overall mean age of 32.9 ± 8.4 years. Average length of hospitalization was 17.7 (± 15.56) days. Management of CGSWs consisted of emergency care, preliminary intervention, definitive reconstruction, revisions, and rehabilitation. Conclusively, analysis of the yearly incidence of CGSWs showed that the incidence and severity increased within the past 2 years under review (18 cases, 39.13%; χ2 trend = 7.7, p = 0.006). This period was noted to correspond with heightened violence within the region mostly due to the acts of unknown gunmen and insurgents.
Clinical outcomes of gastric polyps and neoplasms in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis
Authors: Nakamura Keiko , Nonaka Satoru , Nakajima Takeshi , Yachida Tatsuo , Abe Seiichiro , Sakamoto Taku , Suzuki Haruhisa , Yoshinaga Shigetaka , Oda Ichiro , Matsuda Takahisa , Sekine Shigeki , Kanemitsu Yukihide , Katai Hitoshi , Saito Yutaka , Hirota Seiichi
Published: March 2017

Background and study aims Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant syndrome caused by a germline mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene, characterized by the presence of more than 100 adenomatous polyps in the colorectum. The upper gastrointestinal tract is an extracolonic site for malignancy in patients with FAP. The frequency of death in Japanese patients with FAP because of gastric cancer is 2.8 % and that because of colon cancer is 60.6 %. Few studies have reported upper gastrointestinal diseases in patients with FAP. In the present study, we investigated the clinical outcomes of patients with FAP diagnosed with gastric neoplasms.

Patients and methods We enrolled 80 patients with FAP who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy from October 1997 to December 2011. We investigated patient characteristics, endoscopic findings of gastric lesions, treatment outcomes, and long-term courses.

Results Fundic gland polyposis was observed in 51 patients (64 %) and gastric neoplasms in 22 patients (28 %), including 20 with non-invasive and 2 with invasive neoplasm. Of the 26 neoplasms, 11 were treated by endoscopic resection (ER) and 4 by surgical resection. Metachronous gastric neoplasms were observed in 7 patients (15 lesions) and treated by ER, except for in 1 patient. No patients died of gastric lesions during a median follow-up period of 6.5 years (range, 0 – 14).

Conclusion Because gastric lesions including gastric cancers in patients with FAP did not cause any deaths, they can be considered to have favorable prognoses. Early detection of gastric neoplasms through an appropriate follow-up interval may have contributed to these good outcomes.
Kooperationsverhalten niedergelassener Ärzte in Norddeutschland: Statistische Analyse der
Einflussfaktoren
Authors: Ehlert Andree
Published: March 2017

Ziel Die Studie analysiert aufgabenbezogene Kooperationen niedergelassener Ärzte wie u. a. Versorgungsprogramme,
Fachnetzwerke, Qualitätszirkel oder Fallkonferenzen. Ein multivariates statistisches Modell quantifiziert mögliche
Einflussfaktoren auf spezifische Kooperationsformen. Dadurch können Anhaltspunkte für das Zustandekommen ärztlicher Kooperationen
identifiziert werden.

Methodik Im August und September 2014 wurden in einer Zufallsstichprobe 6 000 niedergelassener Ärzte (im Folgenden immer
m/w) aus den Bundesländern Bremen, Hamburg, Niedersachsen und Schleswig-Holstein 504 voll strukturierte Telefoninterviews auf
Basis eines neu entwickelten Fragebogens durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse Mehr als die Hälfte der befragten Ärzte ist in Qualitätszirkel, Fallkonferenzen oder Fachnetze eingebunden. Die
Kooperationsneigung älterer Praxisinhaber ist geringer. Signifikante Stadt-Land-Unterschiede existieren im Allgemeinen nicht. Die
Anzahl der in der Praxis tätigen Ärzte hat generell keinen Einfluss auf das Kooperationsniveau, während die Mitarbeit in Verbänden
einen positiven Einfluss hat.

Schlussfolgerung Die Beteiligung an aufgabenbezogenen Kooperationsformen zeigt, dass der ambulante Sektor weniger
zersplittert ist als oft angenommen. Der Einfluss spezifischer Praxismerkmale auf Kooperationen liefert systematische Ansatzpunkte
für politische Maßnahmen. Es lassen sich u. a. altersspezifische Ansprachen der Ärzte sowie Forschungsbedarf über die Rolle der
Berufsverbände ableiten.
New Curcumin-Loaded Chitosan Nanocapsules: In Vivo Evaluation
Authors: Marin Edgar , Briceño Maria , Torres Alicia , Caballero-George Catherina
Published: March 2017

The medicinal applications of curcumin, the major component of Curcuma longa, are limited by its poor solubility and low oral bioavailability. In order to overcome this limitation, a method to produce nanocapsules of chitosan loaded with curcumin was developed. Three different molecular weight and deacetylation degree chitosan polymers were used in the formulation in order to prepare curcumin-loaded nanocapsules (mass ratio 1 : 1.4). The best results were achieved using chitosan-Bi with a molecular weight of 710 000 Da. A bimodal distribution was observed in samples; moreover, chitosan-Bi produced the lowest particle size (197 nm). The entrapment efficacy of all chitosan nanocapsules produced reached values between 75 and 92 %. Their rate of drug release at different pH levels (2.0 and 7.4) showed a fast onset of curcumin release. Swiss mice were used to determine oral and total bioavailability of the new curcumin-loaded nanocapsules. Remarkably, the bioavailability of curcumin nanoformulated increased 9-fold compared with no formulated curcumin. These nanocapsules have the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, and its production is an easy to scale-up procedure using nontoxic materials.
A Taxonomy of Financial Market Manipulations: Establishing Trust and Market Integrity in the Financialized Economy through Automated Fraud Detection
Authors: Siering Michael , Clapham Benjamin , Engel Oliver , Gomber Peter
Published: March 2017

Financial market manipulations represent a major threat to trust and market integrity in capital markets. Manipulations contribute to mispricing, market imperfections and an increase in transaction costs for market participants and in costs of capital for issuers. Manipulations are facilitated by increased transaction velocity, speculative trading and abusive usage of new trading technologies, i.e., they are directly linked to financial sector changes that drive financialization. Research at the intersection of financialization and IS might support regulatory authorities and market operators in improving market surveillance and helping to detect fraudulent activities. However, confusing terminology is prevalent on financial markets with respect to different manipulation techniques and their characteristics, which hampers efficient fraud detection. Furthermore, recognizing manipulations is challenging given the large number of information sources and the vast number of trades occurring not least because of high-frequency traders. Therefore, automated market surveillance tools require a comprehensive taxonomy of financial market manipulations as a basis for appropriate configuration. Based on a cluster analysis of SEC litigation releases, a review of the latest market abuse regulation and academic studies, we develop a taxonomy of manipulations that structures and details existing manipulation techniques and reveals how these techniques differ along several dimensions. In a case study, we show how the taxonomy can be utilized to guide the development of appropriate decision support systems for fraud detection.
Design concepts for spillage recovery in a molten salt central receiver
Authors: Das A. K. , Iñigo P. , McGrane J. D. , Terdalkar R. J. , Clark M. M.
Published: March 2017

This work evaluates concepts of hybridizing the molten salt central receiver design to recover spilled energy in an effort to reduce the electricity cost. The hybridization is done using existing technologies requiring marginal improvements. A simplified assessment is done to arrive at a target cost of two spillage recovery system without changing the prevailing levelized cost of electricity (LCoE) from the reference solar power plant. The target cost of the spillage recovery system using feedwater heater panels is $49M, whereas for concentrated photovoltaic modules, it is $40M. Integrating such systems with the tower type receiver below the target price is expected to reduce the LCoE of the plant. However, project specific conditions and requirements may also play an important role and should be taken into consideration with a more detailed overall plant level study to determine the feasibility of the hybridization concepts in a specific project.
Coupled modeling of the competitive gettering of transition metals and impact on performance of lifetime sensitive devices
Authors: Yazdani Armin , Chen Renyu , Dunham Scott T.
Published: March 2017

This work models competitive gettering of metals (Cu, Ni, Fe, Mo, and W) by boron, phosphorus, and dislocation loops, and connects those results directly to device performance. Density functional theory calculations were first performed to determine the binding energies of metals to the gettering sites, and based on that, continuum models were developed to model the redistribution and trapping of the metals. Our models found that Fe is most strongly trapped by the dislocation loops while Cu and Ni are most strongly trapped by the P4V clusters formed in high phosphorus concentrations. In addition, it is found that none of the mentioned gettering sites are effective in gettering Mo and W. The calculated metal redistribution along with the associated capture cross sections and trap energy levels are passed to device simulation via the recombination models to calculate carrier lifetime and the resulting device performance. Thereby, a comprehensive and predictive TCAD framework is developed to optimize the processing conditions to maximize performance of lifetime sensitive devices.
Morphological bubble evolution induced by air diffusion on submerged hydrophobic structures
Authors: Lv Pengyu , Xiang Yaolei , Xue Yahui , Lin Hao , Duan Huiling
Published: March 2017

Bubbles trapped in the cavities always play important roles in the underwater applications of structured hydrophobic surfaces. Air exchange between bubbles and surrounding water has a significant influence on the morphological bubble evolution, which in turn frequently affects the functionalities of the surfaces, such as superhydrophobicity and drag reduction. In this paper, air diffusion induced bubble evolution on submerged hydrophobic micropores under reduced pressures is investigated experimentally and theoretically. The morphological behaviors of collective and single bubbles are observed using confocal microscopy. Four representative evolution phases of bubbles are captured in situ. After depressurization, bubbles will not only grow and coalesce but also shrink and split although the applied pressure remains negative. A diffusion-based model is used to analyze the evolution behavior and the results are consistent with the experimental data. A criterion for bubble growth and shrinkage is also derived along with a phase diagram, revealing that the competition of effective gas partial pressures across the two sides of the diffusion layer dominates the bubble evolution process. Strategies for controlling the bubble evolution behavior are also proposed based on the phase diagram. The current work provides a further understanding of the general behavior of bubble evolution induced by air diffusion and can be employed to better designs of functional microstructured hydrophobic surfaces.
Combining incremental conductance and firefly algorithm for tracking the global MPP of PV arrays
Authors: Shi Ji-Ying , Ling Le-Tao , Xue Fei , Qin Zi-Jian , Li Ya-Jing , Lai Zhi-Xin , Yang Ting
Published: March 2017

Under partial shading conditions (PSCs), multiple local maximum power points (MPPs) may be exhibited on the P-U curve of photovoltaic systems. Direct control (DIRC) methods cannot extract the global MPP (GMPP); soft computing techniques can achieve it but are time consuming. This paper proposes a novel hybrid maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm (INC-FA) combining incremental conductance (INC) and firefly algorithm (FA) to achieve better adaptability in various environments. INC is widely used because of its low-cost implementation and stability under rapidly changing atmospheric conditions, while FA is efficient in searching the GMPP. This combination (INC-FA) not only enables a faster global searching capability but also performs well as a DIRC method in the case of a single peak. In addition, INC-FA introduces the concept of the global optimal region and devises the population initialization mechanism to determine the initial position and population size of fireflies. Finally, the proposed algorithm is compared with three other MPPT methods under four different conditions. Simulation and experiment results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can track the GMPP under various conditions with higher speed and accuracy.
Complementary split-ring resonator antenna coupled quantum dot infrared photodetector
Authors: Cerulo Giancarlo , Liverini Valeria , Fedoryshyn Yuriy , Faist Jérôme
Published: March 2017

We present a study of the performance enhancement of a quantum dot infrared photodetector (QDIP), by means of complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) nano-antennae. The QDIP is based on an asymmetric heterostructure containing a single layer of self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs). The proximity of the QD plane to the top contact layer is exploited for the coupling with the near-field of the CSRR modes. The co-existence of the CSRR LC mode, at λLC = 7.4 μm, and of non-localized Bragg-like modes, is observed for the two-dimensional array of nano-antennae implemented on the QDIP. At λLC and a temperature T = 10 K, the antenna coupled device is characterized by a responsivity of 44 μA/W and a specific detectivity D* = 1.5 × 108Jones. For the highly localized LC mode, enhancements of a factor 1.7 in responsivity and 2.1 in specific detectivity are observed. Within the sub-wavelength LC mode effective surface, normalizing the overall response to the active surface of the detector, a responsivity enhancement of ∼19 is estimated, showing the potentiality of this approach for the realization of high-performance QDIPs working at normal incidence.
The estimation of permeability of a porous medium with a generalized pore structure by geometry identification
Authors: Rezaei Niya S. M. , Selvadurai A. P. S.
Published: March 2017

The paper presents an approach for estimating the permeability of a porous medium that is based on the characteristics of the porous structure. The pressure drop in different fluid flow passages is estimated and these are combined to evaluate the overall reduction. The theory employed is presented and the level of accuracy for different cases is discussed. The successive steps in the solution algorithm are described. The accuracy and computational efficiency of the approach are compared with results obtained from a finite-element-based multiphysics formulation. It is shown that for a comparable accuracy, the computational efficiency of the approach can be two orders of magnitude faster. Finally, the model predictions are examined with conventional relationships that have been reported in the literature and are based on permeability-porosity relationships. It is shown that estimating the permeability of a porous medium using porosity can lead to an order of magnitude error and the expected permeability range in different porosities is presented using 10 000 random structures.
Ion migration in crystalline and amorphous HfOX
Authors: Schie Marcel , Müller Michael P. , Salinga Martin , Waser Rainer , De Souza Roger A.
Published: March 2017

The migration of ions in HfOx was investigated by means of large-scale, classical molecular-dynamics simulations over the temperature range 1000≤T/K≤2000. Amorphous HfOx was studied in both stoichiometric and oxygen-deficient forms (i.e., with x = 2 and x = 1.9875); oxygen-deficient cubic and monoclinic phases were also studied. The mean square displacement of oxygen ions was found to evolve linearly as a function of time for the crystalline phases, as expected, but displayed significant negative deviations from linear behavior for the amorphous phases, that is, the behavior was sub-diffusive. That oxygen-ion migration was observed for the stoichiometric amorphous phase argues strongly against applying the traditional model of vacancy-mediated migration in crystals to amorphous HfO2. In addition, cation migration, whilst not observed for the crystalline phases (as no cation defects were present), was observed for both amorphous phases. In order to obtain activation enthalpies of migration, the residence times of the migrating ions were analyzed. The analysis reveals four activation enthalpies for the two amorphous phases: 0.29 eV, 0.46 eV, and 0.66 eV (values very close to those obtained for the monoclinic structure) plus a higher enthalpy of at least 0.85 eV. In comparison, the cubic phase is characterized by a single value of 0.43 eV. Simple kinetic Monte Carlo simulations suggest that the sub-diffusive behavior arises from nanoscale confinement of the migrating ions.