bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modern treatment of meniscal tears
Authors: Doral Mahmut Nedim , Bilge Onur , Huri Gazi , Turhan Egemen , Verdonk René
Published: May 2018

The complex ultrastructure of the meniscus determines its vital functions for the knee, the lower extremity, and the body. The most recent concise, reliable, and valid classification system for meniscal tears is the International Society of Arthroscopy, Knee Surgery and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine (ISAKOS) Classification, which takes into account the subsequent parameters: tear depth, tear pattern, tear length, tear location/rim width, radial location, location according to the popliteal hiatus, and quality of the meniscal tissue. It is the orthopaedic surgeon’s responsibility to combine clinical information, radiological images, and clinical experience in an effort to individualize management of meniscal tears, taking into account factors related to the patient and lesion. Surgeons should strive not to operate in most cases, but to protect, repair or reconstruct, in order to prevent early development of osteoarthritis by restoring the native structure, function, and biomechanics of the meniscus. Currently, there are three main methods of modern surgical management of meniscus tears: arthroscopic partial meniscectomy; meniscal repair with or without augmentation techniques; and meniscal reconstruction. Meniscus surgery has come a long way from the old slogan, “If it is torn, take it out!” to the currently accepted slogan, “Save the meniscus!” which has guided evolving modern treatment methods for meniscal tears. This last slogan will probably constitute the basis for newer alternative biological treatment methods in the future.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170067.
Bearing surfaces in primary total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Zagra Luigi , Gallazzi Enrico
Published: May 2018

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is widely considered one of the most successful surgical procedures in orthopaedics. It is associated with high satisfaction rates and significant improvements in quality of life following surgery. On the other hand, the main cause of late revision is osteolysis and wear, often a result of failure of bearing surfaces. Currently, several options are available to the surgeon when choosing the bearing surface in THA (ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC), ceramic-on-polyethylene (CoPE), metal-on-polyethylene (MoPE)), each with advantages and drawbacks. Very few studies have directly compared the various combinations of bearings at long-term follow-up. Randomized controlled trials show similar short- to mid-term survivorship among the best performing bearing surfaces (CoC, CoXLPE and MoXLPE). Selection of the bearing surface is often ‘experience-based’ rather than ‘evidence-based’. The aim of this paper is therefore to evaluate the main advantages and drawbacks of various types of tribology in THA, while providing practical suggestions for the surgeon on the most suitable bearing surface option for each patient.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.180300.
Living Without Restraint: One Parent's Reflections and Recommendations for Supporting At-Risk Individuals With Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Beaudoin Wilfred , Moore Adam
Published: May 2018

In the past several years, there has been an important movement to reduce the utilization of restraint for individuals with developmental disabilities. Legislatures, local and national, are taking on the task of shaping the way that our culture supports people who, up until now, have been often treated in a punitive manner rather than truly supportive in a therapeutic way. Schools and systems of care struggle to identify strategies that offer more positive outcomes to all individuals, even those with challenging behaviors. This article represents the thoughts and recommendations of one parent who has lived with the damage done by restraint to his son. The recommendations are intended to speak to administrators, schools, and caregivers. The intent is not to assign blame, but rather to reflect on our experiences and share some strategies that have worked for us. Although much of what is recommended may not be new, the hope is that this article might provide a fresh way to understand some of the factors that contribute to the use of restraint, in addition to providing some suggestions to proactively address those factors.
How does gender impact the relationship between reading fluency and reading comprehension?
Akıcı okuma ve okuduğunu anlama arasındaki ilişkilerde cinsiyet nasıl bir rol oynamaktadır?
Authors: Kaya Dudu , Yıldırım Kasım
Published: May 2018

This research aimed to explore how gender impacts the relationship between reading fluency and reading comprehension. The research sample conssits of a tatol of 100 seventh gaders. In order to assess the students’ reading comprehension and reading fluency levels, an expository and a narrative text were used. For the implemetantons, each student was asked to read orally the expository text and anwered the comprehension questions related to texts. The same procedure was used for the narrative teaxt reading. The comprehension tests were the researcher-develped. The recorded oral readings were scored according to reading fluency components including word recognition automaticity and prosody by the researchers.  In the comprehension tests were focues on deep and literal comprehension levels of the students. The research findings indicated that there were statistically significant relations between reading comprehension and reading fluency. However, the gender of the students did not affect the significant differences between reading fleuncy and reading comprehension. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.  ÖzetBu araştırmada öğrencilerin akıcı okuma ve okuduğunu anlama düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkilerin cinsiyete göre değişip değişmediği incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Denizli il merkezindeki farklı okullarda öğrenim göre 7. sınıflardaki 100 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Öğrencilerin akıcı okuma ve okuduğunu anlamalarının belirlenmesinde sınıf seviyelerine uygun hikâye edici ve bilgi verici metinler kullanılmıştır. Uygulamalarda her öğrenciye önce hikâye edici metin sesli olarak okutulmuş ve kaydedilmiş sonra metinle ilgili sorular verilerek cevaplaması istenmiştir. Aynı işlemler aynı öğrenciler ile bilgi verici metin üzerinde de gerçekleştirilmiştir. Okuduğunu anlamayı basit ve derinlemesine anlama boyutlarında ölçen sorulardan oluşan test araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilmiştir. Kaydedilen sesli okumalar akıcı okuma bileşenlerine göre analiz edilerek puanlama yapılmıştır. Puanlamada okuma hızı ve prozodik okuma olmak üzere üç farklı bileşen değerlendirilmiştir. Okuduğunu anlama testi basit anlama ve derinlemesine anlama puanı olarak puanlanmıştır. Yapılan analizlerden elde edilen bulgulara göre hem kız hem erkek öğrencilerde akıcı okuma ile okuduğunu anlama arasında anlamlı ve olumlu ilişkiler bulunmaktadır. Ancak bu ilişki cinsiyet bağlamında farklılık göstermemektedir. Elde edilen bu sonuçlar ilgili bilimsel literatür bağlamında tartışılmış ve gerekli önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
La sudamericanidad : ¿metarrelato de unidad de la mismidad o identidad en la diferencia?
Authors: Rojas Gómez Miguel
Published: May 2018

El presente artículo de investigación establece un estudio polémico en torno a si la identidad cultural latinoamericana constituye un metarrelato, una expresión de unidad o identidad de la mismidad excluyente o una identidad en la diferencia de carácter histórico concreto, inclusiva, de cultura y humanismo plurales. A través de una metodología cualitativa se cuestiona la tesis de que América Latina surgió como concepto importado, de tipo colonialista y hegemónico. Igualmente se discute de modo argumental el criterio contemporáneo de que la concepción de sudamericanidad invalida la latinoamericanidad, demostrándose que los constructos conceptuales de Sudamérica y sudamericanidad tienen su génesis a fines del siglo xviii y presencia en las diferentes corrientes de pensamiento de los siglos xix y xx. En las conclusiones, se subraya que los creadores de la categoría América Latina la concibieron como sinónimo de sudamericanidad, desde México hasta el estrecho de Magallanes. Y en este sentido llega hasta la actualidad, por lo que no hay contraposición entre ambas epistemes.
Social Media Ties Strategy in International Branding: An Application of Resource-Based Theory
Authors: Gao Hongzhi , Tate Mary , Zhang Hongxia , Chen Shijiao , Liang Bing
Published: May 2018

Despite the prominence of social media (SM) in global branding, no prior studies have evaluated an international brand's strategy of establishing market-based relational ties with SM users in local markets. This study draws from the resource-based theory to conceptualize SM ties as latent relational resources and evaluate an international brand's SM ties strategy on the basis of three resource attributes: value, inimitability, and rarity. Whereas value is the initial basis for a relational resource in SM, inimitability and rarity are the foci of an international brand's strategy in local SM networks. The authors interviewed brand managers and SM users in China and New Zealand and conducted direct observations on brands’ SM sites. They develop two theoretical frameworks (one initial; one advanced) to offer insights into the development of brand–user ties as a relational resource in the context of an international brand's global or foreign consumer culture positioning in a host-country market. The authors conclude that combined incentives offered in SM must be tailored to the type of brand–user tie.
International Review of Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Surveillance Programs
Authors: Server William L. , Brumovský Milan
Published: May 2018

Description

Technical experts from 11 countries share their knowledge and experience working with nuclear reactor pressure vessel surveillance programs in this special publication.

Topics discussed include actual surveillance capsule testing and associated results; applications to evaluating the irradiated material toughness results; and identification of problem areas identified from conducting international surveillance programs.

The 24 peer-reviewed papers are divided into five key categories

Sponsored by ASTM International Committee E10 on Nuclear Technology and Applications, this publication features papers that were presented at the June 2016 Workshop on Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Surveillance Programs held in Chicago, IL.
Validation of Surveillance Concepts and Trend Curves by the Investigation of Decommissioned Reactor Pressure Vessels
Authors: Viehrig Hans-Werner , Altstadt Eberhard , Houska Mario , Valo Matti
Published: May 2018

The investigation of reactor pressure vessel (RPV) material from the decommissioned Greifswald nuclear power plant representing the first generation of Russian-type WWER-440/V-230 reactors offers the opportunity to evaluate the real toughness response. This paper presents test results measured on trepans taken from the multilayer beltline welding seam SN0.1.4 and forged base metal ring 0.3.1 located in the reactor core region of the Unit 4 RPV. This unit was shut down after 11 years of operation. The characterization of the irradiation response was based on the measurement of the hardness, the tensile strength, the master curve reference temperature, T0, and the Charpy-V transition temperature through the thickness of multilayer beltline welding seam SN0.1.4 and the forged base metal ring 0.3.1. For the beltline welding seam we observed a large variation in the through-thickness master curve T0 values. The T0 values measured with the T-S-oriented Charpy size SE(B) specimens strongly depended on the intrinsic welding bead microstructure along the crack tip. The progression of the T0 values through the thickness-forged base metal ring 0.3.1 ranged from −121 to −130°C and indicated no irradiation-induced embrittlement within the fluence range of 5.38 to 1.20 × 1019 n/cm2 (E > 0.5 MeV) through the thickness of the RPV wall. More than the allowed 2 % of the specimen size-adjusted fracture toughness values, KJc-1T, were below the fracture toughness curve for 2 % fracture probability. The reason for the occurrence of very low KJc-1T values was seen in the intergranular planes detected on the fractured surfaces of the specimens. Modified master curve-based evaluation methods indicated the material to be nonhomogeneous. This investigation shows that the measured irradiation response of the investigated RPV materials does not correspond to the forecast according to the current Russian code.
Summary of Work to Develop the Transition Temperature Shift Equation Used in ASTM Standard Guide E900-15
Authors: Kirk Mark
Published: May 2018

ASTM E900-07, Standard Guide for Predicting Radiation-Induced Transition Temperature Shift in Reactor Vessel Materials, includes a transition temperature shift (TTS) equation that predicts the effect of neutron radiation on the embrittlement of ferritic reactor pressure vessel steels. In E900 TTS is quantified by the shift in the Charpy V-notch transition curve at 41 J of absorbed energy (ΔT41J). The TTS equation in E900-07 was first adopted in the 2002 revision. In 2011 Subcommittee E10.02 began an extensive effort to evaluate the adequacy of this equation for continued use. This effort, which is summarized herein, aimed to assess how well the TTS equation represents the effects of composition (copper, nickel, phosphorous, manganese, silicon, etc.), exposure (fluence, flux, temperature, etc.), and categorical (product form, welding flux type, manufacturer) variables on ΔT41J. The subcommittee recognized that this effort might reveal the TTS equation to be outdated, so the evaluation also considered eight other TTS equations published since 2002. The initial goal was to recommend either the current E900 TTS equation or one of the newer equations for use in what became the 2015 version of E900. For reasons described herein this was not possible, so the effort was expanded to develop a new TTS equation. This paper provides a synopsis of the effort to develop the new TTS equation. The complete technical basis for this development effort is documented in an ASTM adjunct.
WWER RPV Surveillance Programs
Authors: Brumovský Milan
Published: May 2018

Water-water energetic reactors (WWERs) are, in principle, pressurized water reactors but designed and manufactured from Russian-type materials and operated according to former Soviet/Russian rules, standards, and requirements. Their surveillance specimen programs are designed, manufactured, operated, tested, and evaluated with the same purpose but with some differences given by different codes and approaches used in individual countries. This paper describes standard as well as all supplementary and extended surveillance programs in WWER-440/V-213- and WWER-1000/V-320C-type reactors.
U.S. RPV Surveillance Programs—PWRs: Babcock & Wilcox Design
Authors: DeVan Matthew J.
Published: May 2018

The original Babcock & Wilcox (B&W) 177-fuel assembly (177-FA) reactor vessel surveillance programs were designed to determine the effects of neutron irradiation of B&W 177-FA plant reactor vessel materials. The B&W 177-FA plant integrated reactor vessel surveillance program was developed as the result of two events: failure of the original surveillance capsule holder tubes in B&W 177-FA-operating plants and the necessity of obtaining fracture toughness data for irradiated weld metals to ensure the continued licensability of the B&W 177-FA-operating plants. The integrated reactor vessel surveillance program assesses data from two separate but interrelated projects: the plant-specific surveillance program and the power reactor program. The plant-specific surveillance program integrates the various plant-specific surveillance programs to ensure the availability of data on a timely basis and to meet the basic requirement that each operating B&W 177-FA plant reactor has a surveillance program. The power reactor program provides the fracture toughness properties of eight weld metals that complement the data obtained from the plant-specific surveillance capsules. The Master Integrated Reactor Vessel Surveillance Program (MIRVP) builds on the earlier B&W 177-FA plant integrated reactor vessel surveillance program. MIRVP includes the integration of plant-specific reactor vessel surveillance program capsules (both original B&W 177-FA plant participants and the added Westinghouse plant participants), the existing supplemental irradiation capsules developed for the original B&W 177-FA plant integrated program, and additional supplementary irradiation surveillance capsules. The purpose of MIRVP is to provide the data required to ensure the continued licensability of pressurized water reactor vessels fabricated by B&W.
Westinghouse and CE PWRs: USA
Authors: Hall J. Brian , Long Elliot J.
Published: May 2018

Surveillance capsule programs are codified into federal law per U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission 10 CFR 50, Appendix H. The purpose of material surveillance programs are to monitor changes in the fracture toughness properties of ferritic materials in the reactor vessel (RV) under neutron irradiation. Surveillance capsules are withdrawn periodically from the RV, tested, and evaluated, and the results are reported following the guidelines laid forth in ASTM E185-82, Standard Practice for Design of Surveillance Programs for Light-Water Moderated Nuclear Power Reactor Vessels. This paper will focus on the Westinghouse AP1000® surveillance program because the combustion engineering and older Westinghouse programs have been extensively described in a previous publication.
Structural Integrity Lessons Learned in WWER RPV Surveillance Specimen Programs
Authors: Brumovský Milan
Published: May 2018

Surveillance specimen programs in reactor pressure vessels (RPVs) are an important part of monitoring material property changes during reactor operations. Results of testing such specimens in surveillance programs, if properly designed and operated, should be the basis for assessing RPV integrity and lifetime. This paper describes special features of surveillance programs in individual water-water energetic reactors (WWERs)—V-230 and V-213 for WWER-440s and V-320 for WWER-1000s—that lead to changes in normative embrittlement trend curves of base and weld metals in these RPVs. Finally, VERLIFE procedures for evaluating test results of surveillance specimens are described together with their application to RPV integrity assessment with the use of both types of transition temperatures: critical temperature of brittleness, Tk, and reference temperature, T0.
The Bases for LWR Vessel Surveillance Programs in the USA
Authors: Server William L.
Published: May 2018

Many countries throughout the world rely on U.S. regulations and particularly the use of ASTM E185, Standard Practice for Design of Surveillance Programs for Light-Water Moderated Nuclear Power Reactor Vessels, as required by U.S. regulations. This paper presents a brief overview of U.S. light water reactor vessel surveillance programs and is intended to provide a background on the overall topic of international reactor pressure vessel surveillance program experience. Several other papers to be included in this STP provide more depth and details of U.S. surveillance experience and the notable changes that have occurred over time in E185.
U.S. Surveillance Programs for Long-Term Operation
Authors: Server William L. , Hardin Timothy C. , Palm Nathan A.
Published: May 2018

License renewal for 60 years of operation for nuclear power plants in the United States is approved for over 75 % of the operating fleet. There are ongoing activities to further extend the license life for an additional 20 years to meet power demands. One key element that needs to be addressed to support the further extension of the license life is the limited amount of power reactor surveillance data at neutron fluences associated with 80 years of operation. This need has led to several industry programs to focus on increasing the amount of surveillance data and associated embrittlement-predictive models over the next decade. Associated with these industry surveillance programs is coordination with research activities in the United States and Japan that can provide additional mechanistic insight into high-fluence embrittlement mechanisms and additional high-fluence test results. These programs for ensuring continued safe and long-term reactor pressure vessel operation are discussed in this paper.
TRPV1 Agonist, Capsaicin, Induces Axon Outgrowth after Injury via Ca2+/PKA Signaling
Authors: Frey Erin , Karney-Grobe Scott , Krolak Trevor , Milbrandt Jeff , DiAntonio Aaron
Published: May 2018

Preconditioning nerve injuries activate a pro-regenerative program that enhances axon regeneration for most classes of sensory neurons. However, nociceptive sensory neurons and central nervous system neurons regenerate poorly. In hopes of identifying novel mechanisms that promote regeneration, we screened for drugs that mimicked the preconditioning response and identified a nociceptive ligand that activates a preconditioning-like response to promote axon outgrowth. We show that activating the ion channel TRPV1 with capsaicin induces axon outgrowth of cultured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons, and that this effect is blocked in TRPV1 knockout neurons. Regeneration occurs only in NF200-negative nociceptive neurons, consistent with a cell-autonomous mechanism. Moreover, we identify a signaling pathway in which TRPV1 activation leads to calcium influx and protein kinase A (PKA) activation to induce a preconditioning-like response. Finally, capsaicin administration to the mouse sciatic nerve activates a similar preconditioning-like response and induces enhanced axonal outgrowth, indicating that this pathway can be inducedin vivo. These findings highlight the use of local ligands to induce regeneration and suggest that it may be possible to target selective neuronal populations for repair, including cell types that often fail to regenerate.
Moment-to-Moment Fluctuations in Neuronal Excitability Bias Subjective Perception Rather than Strategic Decision-Making
Authors: Iemi Luca , Busch Niko A.
Published: May 2018

Perceiving an external stimulus depends not only on the physical features of the stimulus, but also fundamentally on the current state of neuronal excitability, indexed by the power of ongoing alpha-band and beta-band oscillations (8–30 Hz). Recent studies suggest that heightened excitability does not improve perceptual precision, but biases observers to report the presence of a stimulus regardless of its physical presence. It is unknown whether this bias is due to changes in observers’ subjective perceptual experience (perceptual bias) or their perception-independent decision-making strategy (decision bias). We tested these alternative interpretations in an EEG experiment in which male and female human participants performed two-interval forced choice (2IFC) detection and discrimination. According to signal detection theory, perceptual bias only affects 2IFC detection, but not discrimination, while interval decision bias should be task independent. We found that correct detection was more likely when excitability before the stimulus-present interval exceeded that before the stimulus-absent interval (i.e., 8–17 Hz power was weaker before the stimulus-present interval), consistent with an effect of excitability on perceptual bias. By contrast, discrimination accuracy was unaffected by excitability fluctuations between intervals, ruling out an effect on interval decision bias. We conclude that the current state of neuronal excitability biases the perceptual experience itself, rather than the decision process.
Transient diabetes insipidus in a post-partum woman with pre-eclampsia associated with residual placental vasopressinase activity
Authors: Rodrigo Natassia , Hocking Samantha
Published: May 2018

This case illustrates the exceedingly rare phenomenon of transient diabetes insipidus, in association with pre-eclampsia, occurring in the post-partum period following an in vitro fertilisation pregnancy, in an otherwise well 48-year-old lady. Diabetes insipidus can manifest during pregnancy, induced by increased vasopressinase activity secreted by placental trophoblasts and usually manifests in the third trimester. This presentation elucidates not only the intricate balance between the physiology of pregnancy and hormonal homeostasis, but also the importance of post-partum care as the physiological changes of pregnancy still hold pathological potential in the weeks immediately following delivery.

Learning points:

Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare complication of pregnancy occurring in 1 in 30 000 pregnancies.

It is associated with excessive vasopressinase activity, secreted by placental trophoblasts, which increases the rate of degradation of anti-diuretic hormone.

It is responsive to synthetic desmopressin 1-deanimo-8-d-arginine vasopressin as this form is not degraded by placental vasopressinase.

Vasopressinase is proportional to placental weight, which is increased in pregnancies conceived with assisted reproductive techniques including in vitro fertilisation.

Vasopressinase-induced DI is associated with pre-eclampsia.
ORTODONTİDE ÜÇ BOYUTLU GÖRÜNTÜLEME SİSTEMLERİ: LİTERATÜR DERLEMESİ
Authors: Topsakal Kübra Gülnur , Korkmaz Yasemin Nur
Published: May 2018

Üç
boyutlu görüntüleme sistemleri son 20 yıldır ortodontide ve oral ve
maksillofasiyal cerrahide popüler teşhis ve öngörü yöntemi olmaya başlamıştır.
Bilgisayarlı Tomografi sistemleri üç boyutlu kesit görüntülerinin bilgi üretmek
için kullanılabileceğini açıkça göstermiştir. 1980’lerin başlarında
araştırmacılar üç boyutlu görüntülemeyi kraniofasiyal deformiteler için
geliştirmeye başlamışlardır. Ortodontide üç boyutlu görüntülemenin çeşitli
kullanım amaçları vardır. Manyetik Rezonans Görüntüleme (MRG), diğer bir üç
boyutlu görüntüleme tekniğidir ve çalışma prensibi açısından farklıdır,
avantajı dokuların iyonize edici ışınlara maruz kalmaması, görüntü için
incelenmek istenen bölgeye radyo dalgaları gönderilmesi ve hidrojen atomlarının
kullanılmasıdır. En son geliştirilen teknoloji ise 3dMD gibi üç boyutlu yüz
tarama sistemleridir. Senkronize edilmiş görüntüler ile x,y ve z koordinat
düzleminde 3 boyutlu olarak görüntü verirler. Yazılım aynı zamanda görüntü
işleme, haritalama ve ölçümler için de kullanılmaktadır ve kusursuz 3 boyutlu
görüntüler elde etmek için kamera sistemi ile kalibre edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak
üç boyutlu görüntüleme sistemleri son teknolojilere paralel olarak
gelişmektedir ve hem diş hekimliğinde hem de özel olarak ortodonti alanında
popülerliğini uzun süre koruyacağı şimdiden öngörülmektedir.
Aukštaitijos knygos kultūros tyrimų metmenys
Authors: Petreikis Tomas
Published: May 2018

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]

Aukštaitijos regionas, išsitekdamas tam tikroje kultūrinėje ir ekonominėje erdvėje, savaimingai sukuria sąlygas atsirasti knygos reiškiniams, kurių visuma įvardijama kaip regioninė knygos kultūra. Straipsnyje siekiama apibrėžti knygos kultūros koncepto taikymo galimybę Aukštaitijos regiono atveju. Iškeliami probleminiai klausimai dėl tyrimo objekto teritorinės apibrėžties ir pateikiami galimi sprendimo būdai. Aptariamos kompleksinių ir sisteminių tyrimų prieigos galimybės vykdant regioninius knygos kultūros tyrimus. Detaliau pristatomas Vladimiro Vasiljevo sisteminis tyrimų modelis. Atskirai aptariamos aukštaičių tarminės knygos integravimo galimybės tiriant Aukštaitijos knygos kultūrą.
Antano Baranausko Klėtelės svečių knygos – Lietuvos kultūros istorijos tyrimų šaltinis
Authors: Liepaitė Inga
Published: May 2018

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]

Antano Baranausko ir Antano Vienuolio-Žukausko memorialiniame muziejuje Anykščiuose saugomos šešios Lietuvos poeto, kalbininko, matematiko, vertėjo, Žemaičių vyskupijos sufragano ir Seinų vyskupo Antano Baranausko (1835–1902) klėtelės svečių knygos, pildytos jo brolio Jono Baranausko (1828–1904) anūko rašytojo Antano Vienuolio-Žukausko (1882–1957) Klėtelės prižiūrimu, globojamu ir vadovaujamu laikotarpiu. Šiuo straipsniu, pasitelkus nepublikuotus ir publikuotus šaltinius, siekiama keturių uždavinių: 1) atskleisti, kaip A. Vienuoliui-Žukauskui gimė A. Baranausko klėtelės svečių knygos idėja ir kaip ji buvo įgyvendinta; 2) aptarti pirmojo memorialinio muziejaus Lietuvoje lankytojų kontingentą; 3) A. Baranausko klėtelės svečių knygas apibūdinti kaip Muziejaus ir Lietuvos muziejininkystės raidos istorijos tyrimų šaltinį ir 4) nustatyti, ar A. Baranausko klėtelės svečių knygos priskirtinos egodokumentų kategorijai. Tyrimas leido prieiti prie išvados, kad aptariamo žanro paveldo objektams Lietuvoje iki šiol dėmesio skirta per mažai. Vienos ar kitos institucijos nuosekliai pildytos lankytojų ar svečių knygos gali tapti svarbiu pagalbiniu šaltiniu tiek tiriant konkrečios institucijos istoriją, tiek atskleidžiant platesnį tam tikro meto kultūrinį kontekstą. Be to, šio žanro tekstai turi ir autobiografinio pasakojimo elementų. Pamatinė egodokumentų tipologija praplėstina nauju dėmeniu – institucijų lankytojų ar svečių knygomis. Ši nuostata turėtų suaktualinti aptariamo žanro paveldo objektų tyrimus.
Maironis kaip knygos žmogus: kultūros ontologizavimas jo kūriniuose ir egodokumentuose
Authors: Žmuida Eugenijus
Published: May 2018

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]

Straipsnyje tiriamas kultūros sureikšminimas Maironio istorinės tematikos darbuose, kūryboje, egodokumentuose. Maironis sugebėjo perorientuoti lietuvių santykį su istorija, rasti joje pozityvųjį pradą ir jį aktualizuoti įvairiais komunikaciniais kodais. Kultūrinio matmens iškėlimas nesirėmė vien lietuvių kalbos archajiškumu ar pagoniškuoju unikalumu – dalykais, kuriuos nuo Simono Daukanto kartojo daugelis atgimimo autorių. Maironis vėrė perspektyvą tautos ateičiai, siedamas ją dar tik su būsimu kultūriniu klestėjimu, tautos kultūrine savirealizacija. Rūpestis kultūra yra viena esminių atgimimo veikėjų korespondencijos temų. Kūrybinio prado kaip esminio tautos ir žmogaus egzistencijos sando akcentavimas sulaukė plataus pritarimo jaunoje lietuvių visuomenėje, kuri savo teoriniais, filosofiniais ir grožiniais raštais konceptualizavo ir toliau išplėtojo Maironio kultūrines ir filosofines idėjas.
Nepriklausomos Lietuvos tema Halinos Didžiulytės-Mošinskienės laiškuose rašytojams anykštėnams
Authors: Berezauskienė Audronė
Published: May 2018

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]

Publikacijos tikslas – išanalizuoti išeivijoje gyvenusios lietuvių kultūros ir visuomenės veikėjos, rašytojos, pedagogės Halinos Didžiulytės-Mošinskienės (1911–2004) laiškus, rašytus Anykščių krašto rašytojams Mildai Telksnytei-Račkaitienei ir Vygandui Račkaičiui. Šie laiškai saugomi Anykščių rajono savivaldybės Liudvikos ir Stanislovo Didžiulių viešojoje bibliotekoje Krašto dokumentų ir kraštotyros skyriuje. Remiantis analizės, sintezės ir apibendrinimo metodais atskleisti laiškų savininkės ryšiai su minėtais Anykščių krašto rašytojais, išnagrinėtas laiškų turinys, juose gvildenta 1918–1940 m. laikotarpio Nepriklausomos Lietuvos tema, parodyti reikšmingi laiškų autorės darbai, skirti tėvynei Lietuvai, apibūdinta tautietės visuomeninė veikla puoselėjant lietuvybės ir tautiškumo išsaugojimą išeivijoje.
Liongino Šepkos laiškai – žvilgsnis į kūrėjo kasdienybę
Authors: Kiukienė Dalia , Mieliauskienė Marijona
Published: May 2018

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]

Straipsnyje nagrinėjama lietuvių liaudies menininko, skulptoriaus, dievdirbio, Liongino Šepkos (1907–1985) laiškai, rašyti 1970–1977 metais iš Lebedžių kaimo (Rokiškio rajono) į Vilnių būsimai žmonai žurnalisteiDanutei Digrienei. Remiantis šiais laiškais atkuriamos menininko kasdieniogyvenimo detalės, atskleidžiama tai, kas buvo nežinoma arba mažaižinoma apie kūrėjo vidinį pasaulį, mintis ir jausmus, socialinius ryšius,kūrybos poreikį. Straipsnyje stengtasi kuo išsamiau pristatyti atvirą ir neretušuotą vidinį menininko pasaulį, tai pateisina gausų laiškų citavimą.L. Šepka per septynerius metus D. Digrienei parašė per 300 laiškų. Praėjusdviem dešimtmečiams po L. Šepkos mirties, 2006 m. ji perdavė šiuos laiškus (313) Rokiškio krašto muziejui.Pirmą laišką L. Šepka parašė 1970 m. pabaigoje, po to kasmet laiškų gausėjo: nuo 31 laiško 1971 m. iki 78 laiškų 1978 m. Laiškai rašyti mokyklinio sąsiuvinio lapuose, kai jų pritrūkdavo, rašė ant tapetų. Laiškai ilgoki, retas 2–4, dauguma 8–10 puslapių. Juose tilpo visas L. Šepkos gyvenimas, visi įvykiai, visos mintys, visa jo gyvenimo filosofija, ir kiekviename laiške jaučiamas didžiulis rūpestis Danute. Tie septyneri metai, kai buvo rašyti laiškai, suteikia labai daug žinių apie paprasto žmogaus gyvenimą tuometinėje Lietuvoje. Tai savotiškas dienoraštis, kuris vertintinas kaip svarbus XX a. 8 dešimtmečio paprasto žmogaus gyvenimo liudytojas.
The Relationship Between Public Expenditure and Economic Growth In Kosovo: Findings from a Johansen Co-Integrated Test and a Granger Causality Test
Authors: Pula Leke , Elshani Alban
Published: May 2018

In the scientific literature, there are two opposing views on the relationship between public expenditure and economic growth. The Keynesian view states that public expenditure is an exogenous factor that influences economic growth and can be used as a policy instrument. This point of view is in contrast to the Wagner view that the public expenditure is seen as an endogenous factor or an outcome, not a cause, of economic growth. The primary objective of this study is to test the views of Keynes’s versus Wagner’s in the case of Kosovo by using Public Expenditure (G), Gross Domestic Product and three other components of GDP: Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Export (EXP) and Total Budget Revenue (TRtax); the variables used in this analysis are quarterly time series data spanning from 2004–2016. To accomplish the set objectives, the Johansen co-integrated technique is used to investigate the long-run relationship between public expenditure and economic growth, while the Granger causality test is used to know the direction of flow between variables. This study discovers that there is a unidirectional causality between government expenditures and economic growth in Kosovo. It is also found that there is a bidirectional causality between total budget revenue and public expenditure. On the other hand, results also provide evidence that there is a bidirectional causality between export and economic growth. Moreover, the results for Kosovo indicate that data for the period considered support the Keynesian view.
Forecasting Firm Performance: Evidence from Romanian Furniture Firms
Authors: Hada Teodor , Bărbuţă-Mişu Nicoleta , Mărginean Radu
Published: May 2018

The aim at this paper is to propose an econometric model for analyzing economic performance in the furniture industry in Romania, conducted on a sample of 293 firms. The net profit was considered as a dependent variable and the turnover, expenses with employees, value added, current liabilities and inventories as independent variables. Five hypotheses were proposed, tested and validated by using multiple linear regression. The most significant results show that there is a positive significant relationship between net profit and value added and a negative significant relationship between net profit and expenses with employees. Since the model has been validated statistically, we consider that it can provide useful predictions in terms of economic performance analysis in the furniture industry.Keywords: multiple linear regression, ANOVA, Durbin-Watson test, net profit estimation, value added
Clinical Features of Children With Autism Who Passed 18-Month Screening
Authors: Øien Roald A. , Schjølberg Synnve , Volkmar Fred R. , Shic Frederick , Cicchetti Domenic V. , Nordahl-Hansen Anders , Stenberg Nina , Hornig Mady , Havdahl Alexandra , Øyen Anne-Siri , Ventola Pamela , Susser Ezra S. , Eisemann Martin R. , Chawarska Katarzyna
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVES:

We compared sex-stratified developmental and temperamental profiles at 18 months in children screening negative for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) on the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) but later receiving diagnoses of ASD (false-negative group) versus those without later ASD diagnoses (true-negative group).

METHODS:

We included 68 197 screen-negative cases from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (49.1% girls). Children were screened by using the 6 critical items of the M-CHAT at 18 months. Groups were compared on domains of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire and the Emotionality Activity Sociability Temperament Survey.

RESULTS:

Despite passing M-CHAT screening at 18 months, children in the false-negative group exhibited delays in social, communication, and motor skills compared with the true-negative group. Differences were more pronounced in girls. However, with regard to shyness, boys in the false-negative group were rated as more shy than their true-negative counterparts, but girls in the false-negative group were rated as less shy than their counterparts in the true-negative group.

CONCLUSIONS:

This is the first study to reveal that children who pass M-CHAT screening at 18 months and are later diagnosed with ASD exhibit delays in core social and communication areas as well as fine motor skills at 18 months. Differences appeared to be more pronounced in girls. With these findings, we underscore the need to enhance the understanding of early markers of ASD in boys and girls, as well as factors affecting parental report on early delays and abnormalities, to improve the sensitivity of screening instruments.
Pediatric ADHD Medication Exposures Reported to US Poison Control Centers
Authors: King Samantha A. , Casavant Marcel J. , Spiller Henry A. , Hodges Nichole L. , Chounthirath Thitphalak , Smith Gary A.
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVES:

To describe the characteristics and trends of exposures to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medications among individuals 0 to 19 years old reported to US poison control centers.

METHODS:

National Poison Data System data from 2000 through 2014 were retrospectively analyzed to examine pediatric ADHD medication exposures.

RESULTS:

From 2000 through 2014, there were 156 365 exposures reported to US poison control centers related to ADHD medications. The overall rate of reported exposures increased 71.2% from 2000 to 2011, followed by a 6.2% decrease from 2011 to 2014. Three-fourths (76.0%) of exposures involved children ≤12 years old. Methylphenidate and amphetamine medications accounted for 46.2% and 44.5% of exposures, respectively. The most common reason for exposure was therapeutic error (41.6%). Intentional medication exposures (including suspected suicide and medication abuse and/or misuse) were reported most often among adolescents (13–19 years old), accounting for 50.2% of exposures in this age group. Overall, the majority of exposed individuals (60.4%) did not receive health care facility treatment; however, 6.2% were admitted to a hospital for medical treatment, and there were 3 deaths. The increasing number and rate of reported ADHD medication exposures during the study period is consistent with increasing trends in ADHD diagnosis and medication prescribing. Exposures associated with suspected suicide or medication abuse and/or misuse among adolescents are of particular concern.

CONCLUSIONS:

Unintentional and intentional pediatric exposures to ADHD medications are an increasing problem in the United States, affecting children of all ages.
Intergenerational Associations of Parent Adverse Childhood Experiences and Child Health Outcomes
Authors: Lê-Scherban Félice , Wang Xi , Boyle-Steed Kathryn H. , Pachter Lee M.
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUND:

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) robustly predict future morbidity and mortality. Researchers are just beginning to investigate intergenerational effects. We hypothesize there are intergenerational associations between parent ACE exposure and worse child health, health behaviors, and health care access and use.

METHODS:

We linked data from 2 population-based cross-sectional telephone surveys in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, that were used to ask parents about their past exposure to ACEs and their child’s health, respectively. Participants were 350 parent-child dyads. Logistic regression models adjusted for parent and child characteristics. Parent ACE score was used to summarize indicators of parents’ childhood adversity. Child health outcomes were poor overall health status, asthma diagnosis, obesity, low fruit and vegetable consumption, any soda consumption, inadequate physical activity, excessive television watching, no health insurance, no usual source of health care, and no dental examination in past 12 months.

RESULTS:

Of adult participants, 80% were female participants and 45% were non-Latino African American. Eighty-five percent of parents had experienced ≥1 ACE and 18% had experienced ≥6 ACEs. In adjusted models, each additional parent ACE was associated with higher odds of poor child overall health status (odds ratio [OR] = 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–1.32), asthma (OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.05–1.30), and excessive television watching (OR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.05–1.28).

CONCLUSIONS:

The full scope of the health effects of ACEs may not be limited to the exposed individual, highlighting the need for a 2-generation approach to addressing the social determinants of child health.
Individualized Titanium Mesh Combined With Platelet-Rich Fibrin and Deproteinized Bovine Bone: A New Approach for Challenging Augmentation
Authors: Lorenz Jonas , Al-Maawi Sarah , Sader Robert , Ghanaati Shahram
Published: May 2018

Autologous bone transfer is regarded as the gold standard for ridge augmentation before dental implantation, especially in severe bony defects caused by tumor resection or atrophy. In addition to the advantages of autologous bone, transplantation has several disadvantages, such as secondary operation, increased morbidity and pain. The present study reports, for the first time, a combination of a xenogeneic bone substitute (BO) with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), which is a fully autologous blood concentrate derived from the patient's own peripheral blood by centrifugation. Solid A-PRF+ and liquid i-PRF together with an individualized 3-D planned titanium mesh were used for reconstruction of a severe tumor-related bony defect within the mandible of a former head and neck cancer patient. The BO enriched with regenerative components from PRF allowed the reconstruction of the mandibular resective defect under the 3-D mesh without autologous bone transplantation. Complete rehabilitation and restoration of the patient's oral function were achieved. Histological analysis of extracted bone biopsies confirmed that the new bone within the augmented region originated from the residual bone. Within the limitations of the presented case, the applied concept appears to be a promising approach to increase the regenerative capacity of a bone substitute material, as well as decrease the demand for autologous bone transplantation, even in cases in which autologous bone is considered the golden standard. PRF can be considered a reliable source for increasing the biological capacities of bone substitute materials.
Is Operational Risk Regulation Forward-looking and Sensitive to Current Risks?
Authors: Migueis Marco
Published: May 2018

This article evaluates whether US large bank operational risk capital requirements are forward-looking, sensitive to banks' current exposures, and allow for risk mitigation, and discusses modifications that could bring regulation closer to these goals while also highlighting the potential pitfalls of doing so.
Whole mount DNA fluorescence in situ hybridisation (DNA-FISH) on Planococcus citri tissue v1
Authors: Kupper Maria
Published: May 2018

This protocol describes how to perform DNA FISH on dissected tissue of Planococcus citri. While the aim of this experiment was to distinguish localisation of the P. citri endosymbionts in ovarian and bacteriome tissue, the protocol can be easily adjusted for other tissues or the use of different probes. The probes used here were designed according to the works of von Dohlen et al. (Nature, 2001) and Lopez-Madrigal et al. (PLOS ONE, 2013). In brief, tissues were isolated in 1xPBS and transferred to various fixatives. After fixation samples were dehydrated and pre-incubated in hybridisation buffer before adding probes. After hybridisation, samples were washed and counter stained with Hoechst. FInally, stained tissues were transferred to microscopy slides, briefly air-dried and mounted in FLuorSave Reagent (Millipore).
3D Nanofibrillar Cellulose hydrogel platform for long-term human islet culture v1
Authors: Chen Yi-Ju , Z. Stanger Ben
Published: May 2018

It remains a challenge to maintain human isletsex vivoto provide a functional and sufficient source for clinical islet transplantation and anin vitromodel for drug screening or basic biological studies. With a conventional culture method, islets lost their functionality and mass rapidly upon they were isolated from the native environment, which provides both mechanical and biological supports. By merging the advantage of transwell cultures and the mechanical properties provided by the wood-derived nanofibrillar cellulose (NFC) hydrogel, we developed a new isletex vivoplatform, which can preserve human islets up to 83 days with intact morphology similar to freshly isolated counterparts. Importantly, these long-term cultured human islets are still potent and can ameliorate hyperglycemia in diabetic mice post-transplantation. The platform is designed to beuser friendlyand easily adapted to help scientists overcome the difficulties in islet cultures. Furthermore, the application of this platform aims to provide a sufficient window for pre-transplantation islet assessment, a biobanking opportunity of human islets, and anin vitromodel for human islet studies in drug-screening, stem cell-derived islet (beta)-like organoids maturation, and basic human islet biology.
Effects of some auxins on propagation by hardwood cutting of Autumn Olive (Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb.)
Authors: Bayraktar Ali , Yıldırım Nebahat , Atar Fahrettin , Turna İbrahim
Published: May 2018

Autumn
olive (Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb.),
belonging to Elaeagnaceae family, naturally spreads over Southern Europe and
East Asia. It is a deciduous shrub or small tree growing up to 6 m in height
and 9 m in width. Its form is rounded, with dense branches. The species can
store the nitrogen in its roots. Thus, it has the ability to live even in the
most inefficient soil. It is valued for its ability to prevent erosion and to
attract wildlife and has been used in some agroforestry practices. When it is
mature, the species has edible fruit with brilliant red or yellow pigmentation,
and can be consumed especially as dried fruit. In addition, the greatest
benefit of the fruit is the amount of lycopene it has. 100 grams of the fruit
contains 7 to 17 times more lycopene than the same amount of tomatoes. Besides
being extremely useful, antioxidant-containing fruits can be used in
horticulture while leaves and flowers can be used in landscaping. Therefore, it
is necessary to reproduce autumn olive for its uses in Turkey. Within
the scope of this study, propagation of the species is carried out by hardwood
cutting which is one of the vegetative propagation techniques. The objective of the
present study is to investigate the effects of different auxins (IBA 1000 ppm,
IBA 5000 ppm, NAA 1000 ppm and NAA 5000 ppm) on propagation of autumn olive by
hardwood cutting in greenhouse condition with air temperature at 20±2°C,
rooting table temperature at 25±2°C and perlite rooting media. The first root formation date, rooting percentage, root
length and the number of roots were determined. The results showed that the
highest rooting percentage occurred as 70% in NAA 5000 ppm and IBA 5000 ppm
treatment. This study will provide a basis for further researches to be conducted
using vegetative propagation methods.