bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Riera i Melis, A. (2019). “Un regne dins en la mar”. Estudis sobre l’economia, la societat i la fiscalitat de Mallorca a la baixa edat mitjana. Lleida: Pagès Editors. 366 pp. ISBN: 978-84-1303-186-6
Authors: Mas Forners Antoni
Published: September 2021

Resenya: Riera i Melis, A. (2019). “Un regne dins en la mar”. Estudis sobre l’economia, la societat i la fiscalitat de Mallorca a la baixa edat mitjana. Lleida: Pagès Editors. 366 pp. ISBN: 978-84-1303-186-6.
Effects of pressure- and volume-controlled ventilation on the work of breathing in cats using a cuffed endotracheal tube
Authors: Niyatiwatchanchai Nutawan , Thengchaisri Naris
Published: September 2021

Background and Aim: Mechanical ventilation is essential for supporting patients' respiratory function when they are under general anesthesia. For cats with limited lung capacity, the different effects of volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) and pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) on respiratory function remain elusive. The objective of the present study was to compare the efficacy of VCV and PCV in cats under general anesthesia using a cuffed endotracheal tube (ETT).

Materials and Methods: Twelve healthy cats were randomly allocated to either a VCV or PCV group. Five tidal volumes (6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 mL/kg) were randomly applied to assess the efficacy of VCV, and respiratory rates were adjusted to achieve a minute ventilation of 100 mL/kg/min. Peak inspiratory pressures (4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 mmHg) were randomly applied to assess the efficacy of PCV, and respiratory rates were adjusted to achieve a minute ventilation of 100 mL/kg/min. Blood pressure, gas leakages, and end-tidal CO2 were recorded from 60 trials for airway control during the use of VCV or PCV. Data were compared using Fisher's exact test with a significance level of p<0.05.

Results: Leakages did not differ between VCV (1/60 events) and PCV (0/60 events; p=0.500). Hypercapnia was identified when using VCV (6/60 events) less frequently than when using PCV (7/60 events; p=0.762), but did not reach statistical significance. Hypotension (mean arterial blood pressure <60 mmHg) occurred less frequently with VCV (0/60 events) than with PCV (9/60 events; p=0.003). Moreover, VCV provided a significantly lower work of breathing (151.10±65.40 cmH2O mL) compared with PCV (187.84±89.72 cmH2O mL; p<0.05).

Conclusion: VCV in cats using a cuffed ETT causes less hypotension than PCV. It should be noted that VCV provides a more stable tidal volume compared with PCV, resulting in a more stable minute volume. Nonetheless, VCV should not be used in patients with an airway obstruction because higher peak airway pressure may occur and lead to lung injury.
There Is More Than Meets the Eye: Success Stories of a Visual Impaired Student and Lecturer
Authors: Delport Danri Hester
Published: September 2021

Although Higher Education Institutions have come a long way in including students with disabilities, many students still experience exclusion or "otherness" among their abled peers.  Currently, there is a gap in research where the focus is on the abilities and success stories of such individuals rather than their disabilities, the barriers they face, or the adjustments made to meet their needs.  This research aims to share the success stories of a visually impaired student and his visually impaired lecturer at a South African University. Semi-structured, in-depth individual interviews were used as collection instruments where after the data was analyzed. The appreciation for friends outweighed the physical barriers. Through perseverance and hard work, the disabled student proved her teacher wrong by successfully entering university and completing her Ph.D..  Both participants looked beyond their limitations and realized their capabilities.[Meskipun usaha untuk mewujudkan perguruan tinggi inklusif sudah dilakukan sejauh ini, tetapi banyak mahasiswa difabel yang masih merasakan ‘keberbedaan’ dirinya dari mahasiswa lain.  Inklusi penyandang disabilitas harus mengarah pada peningkatan partisipasi dalam tatanan yang menghasilkan siswa, teman, atau guru terbaik. Saat ini, ada kesenjangan dalam penelitian yang fokusnya adalah pada kemampuan dan kisah sukses individu tersebut daripada disabilitas mereka, hambatan yang mereka hadapi, atau penyesuaian yang dilakukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk berbagi kisah sukses seorang mahasiswa tunanetra sekaligus dosen tunanetranya di Universitas Afrika Selatan. Melalui ketekunan dan kerja keras, para difabel dalam tulisan ini membuktikan apa yang dianggap tidak mungkin. Kedua subyek melampaui keterbatasan mereka dan menyadari kemampuan mereka.]
Michelson interferometer system with acoustic optic filter and fiber Bragg grating for reduction of four-wave mixing
Authors: De Sousa Fabio Barros , De Oliveira Jorge Everaldo , De Sousa Fiterlinge Martins , Costa Marcio Benedito Caldas , De Oliveira Osmar Tharlles Borges , Oliveira Jackson Moreira , Martins Elizete Sabino , Costa Marcos Benedito Caldas
Published: September 2021

In this paper a simplified design and efficient of a Michelson Interferometer (MI) system is presented, capable of reducing the Four-Wave Mixing (FWM) effects, using fiber Bragg grating and acoustic optic filter (FBG and AOF) with the aid of a highly non-linear photonic crystal fiber (HNL-PCF). The analysis of the MI system based in FBG and AOF was performed according to the effect of fiber length and input power by performance metrics: Optical Spectrum, maximum Quality factor (max. Q-factor), minimum bit error rate (min. BER), eye height, optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) and timing jitter. The numerical simulation results showed that the MI system with FBG and AOF maintained a good signal performance, with Q-factor equal to 33.3 even after 100 km of single mode fiber (SMF) and with downstream signal power by up to 10 dBm.
Aberrant expression of PI3K/AKT signaling is involved in apoptosis resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Zhuangqiang , Cui Xiaopeng , Hao Gaopeng , He Jiefeng
Published: September 2021

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling is a crucial pathway for cell survival and proliferation, which are regulated by several growth factors and activated receptors. Upregulated PI3K/AKT signaling molecules were reported in several cancers and they are associated with altered cellular functions, leading to oncogenesis. Here, we have examined the implications of elevated PI3K/AKT expression in the apoptosis resistance of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Huh7 cells. We showed that PI3K/AKT signaling is significantly upregulated in Huh7 cells by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and protein expression analysis. Also, perversely upregulated PI3K/AKT signaling Huh7 cells are highly resistant to treatment with chemotherapy drugs (docetaxel and sorafenib) and acquired apoptosis resistance through downregulation of tumor suppressor protein PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten). Hence, we have investigated the effect of PTEN overexpression on apoptosis induction in Huh7 cells. We showed that PTEN overexpressed Huh7 cells became more sensitive toward the aforesaid drugs and induced apoptotic cell death due to intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Concurrently, the overexpression of PTEN leads to the activation of mitochondria facilitated intrinsic apoptosis, evidenced by upregulated cytochrome C, caspase 3, and caspase 9. Collectively, our data suggest that the aberrant expression of PI3K/AKT signaling contributes to apoptosis resistance in HCC.
Production of a homogeneous seismic catalog based on machine learning for northeast Egypt
Authors: Moustafa Sayed S. R. , Mohamed Gad-Elkareem A. , Metwaly Mohamed
Published: September 2021

This research presents a new approach which addresses the conversion of earthquake magnitude as a supervised machine-learning problem through a multistage approach. First, the moment magnitude (M
w) calculations were extended to lower magnitude earthquakes using the spectral P-wave analyses of the vertical component seismograms to improve the scaling relation of M
w and the local magnitude (M
L) of 138 earthquakes in northeastern Egypt. Second, using unsupervised clustering and regression analysis, we applied the k-means clustering technique to subdivide the mapped area into multiple seismic activity zones. This clustering phase created five spatially close seismic areas for training regression algorithms. Supervised regression analysis of each seismic area was simpler and more accurate. Conversion relations between M
w and M
L were calculated by linear regression, general orthogonal regression (GOR), and random sample consensus (RANSAC) regression techniques. RANSAC and GOR produced better results than linear regression, which provides evidence for the effects of outliers on regression accuracy. Moreover, the overall multistage hybrid approach produced substantial improvements in the measured-predicted dataset residuals when individual seismic zones rather than all datasets were considered. In 90% of the analyzed cases, M
w values could be regarded as M
L values within 0.2 magnitude units. Moreover, predicted magnitude conversion relations in the current study corresponded well to magnitude conversion relations in other seismogenic areas of Egypt.
The antioxidant Rutin counteracts the pathological impact of α-synuclein on the enteric nervous system in vitro
Authors: Christmann Anne , Gries Manuela , Scholz Patrik , Stahr Pascal L. , Law Jessica Ka Yan , Schulte Steven , Martin Monika , Lilischkis Rainer , Ingebrandt Sven , Keck Cornelia M. , Schäfer Karl-Herbert
Published: September 2021

Motoric disturbances in Parkinson’s disease (PD) derive from the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Intestinal dysfunctions often appear long before manifestation of neuronal symptoms, suggesting a strong correlation between gut and brain in PD. Oxidative stress is a key player in neurodegeneration causing neuronal cell death. Using natural antioxidative flavonoids like Rutin, might provide intervening strategies to improve PD pathogenesis. To explore the potential effects of micro (mRutin) compared to nano Rutin (nRutin) upon the brain and the gut during PD, its neuroprotective effects were assessed using an in vitro PD model. Our results demonstrated that Rutin inhibited the neurotoxicity induced by A53T α-synuclein (Syn) administration by decreasing oxidized lipids and increasing cell viability in both, mesencephalic and enteric cells. For enteric cells, neurite outgrowth, number of synaptic vesicles, and tyrosine hydroxylase positive cells were significantly reduced when treated with Syn. This could be reversed by the addition of Rutin. nRutin revealed a more pronounced result in all experiments. In conclusion, our study shows that Rutin, especially the nanocrystals, are promising natural compounds to protect neurons from cell death and oxidative stress during PD. Early intake of Rutin may provide a realizable option to prevent or slow PD pathogenesis.
Unmanned aerial vehicle evasion manoeuvres from enemy aircraft attack
Authors: Evdokimenkov Veniamin N. , Kozorez Dmitriy A. , Rabinskiy Lev N.
Published: September 2021

One of the most important problems associated with the combat use of unmanned aerial vehicles remains to ensure their high survivability in conditions of deliberate countermeasures, the source of which can be both ground-based air defence systems and fighter aircraft. For this reason, the study and optimization of evasive manoeuvres of an unmanned aerial vehicle from an enemy aircraft attack remains relevant. Based on the game approach, the authors of this paper propose an algorithm for guaranteeing control of the trajectory of an unmanned aerial vehicle, which ensures its evasion from an enemy air attack. The study of the influence of tactically significant indicators of the manoeuvrability of an unmanned aerial vehicle on the effectiveness of the evasion manoeuvre was carried out. The model predictions are presented, reflecting the degree of influence of unmanned aerial vehicle manoeuvring capabilities on achieving a positional advantage when solving the problem of evading air enemy attack.
Placental findings in singleton stillbirths: a case-control study from a tertiary-care center in India
Authors: Tiwari Purnima , Gupta Madhavi M. , Jain Shyama Lata
Published: September 2021

Objectives

Placental examination in a case of stillbirth can provide insight into causative/associated factors with fetal demise. The aim of this study was to compare placental and umbilical cord pathologies in singleton stillbirth and livebirth placentas, and to find prevalence of various associated maternal and fetal clinical factors.

Methods

This case-control study was conducted at a tertiary-care center in India over a period of 20 months. About 250 women who delivered stillborn fetus ≥28 weeks’ gestation and 250 maternal-age-matched controls were recruited. Sociodemographic and clinical details were noted and placental gross and microscopic examination was done. Placental findings were compared between stillbirth and livebirth (overall), preterm stillbirth and preterm livebirth as well as term stillbirth and term livebirth in six categories – placenta gross, cord gross, membranes gross, maternal vascular malperfusion, fetal vascular malperfusion and inflammatory response. Prevalence of 11 maternal and fetal factors were studied in all categories of placental findings in both livebirth and stillbirth.

Results

Placental findings in all six categories were significantly associated with stillbirths (p<0.05). The placental findings associated with stillbirth with highest odds included placental hypoplasia (OR 9.77, 95% CI 5.46–17.46), necrotizing chorioamnionitis (OR 9.30, 95% CI 1.17–73.96) and avascular villi (OR 8.45, 95% CI 3.53–20.25). More than half of the women with stillbirths had medical disorders (n=130, 52.0%) and the most prevalent was hypertensive disorder (n=45, 18.0%).

Conclusions

Changes in placenta are associated with development of stillbirth. Therefore, antenatal investigations to identify placental dysfunction should be investigated to determine whether these reduce stillbirth. Also, placental examination in a case of stillbirth can detect/diagnose many maternal/fetal conditions and thereby can help in preventing future stillbirths.
Opowieści pielgrzyma jako wprowadzenie w duchowość hezychastyczną
Authors:   Chmielnicki Uniwersytet Narodowy, Ukraina, Saszko Irena
Published: September 2021

The Way of a Pilgrim was written by an unknown author originated from the second half of the 19th century. This work, which has been very popular in the Orthodox world, is an introduction to the Eastern Christian hesychastic spirituality. This book is a story about the pilgrimage of a Russian peasant to various sanctuaries and monasteries in the Russian Empire. The pilgrim, with the help of his elder – the spiritual father, explores the secret of the unceasing prayer. He draws God’s wisdom from the Holy Scriptures and the Philokalia. When the pilgrim meets various people on his way, he talks to them about prayer and shares with them his own experience of God’s prayer. The article carried out an analysis of the main issues of the Way of a Pilgrim, namely: the introduction into the Jesus prayer, the transforming power of the Word of God, the fight against passions, and the importance of spiritual guidance in the life of every Christian.
Wielkotygodniowe inspiracje w hymnografii Zaśnięcia Bogurodzicy
Authors:   Chrześcijańska Akademia Teologiczna, Wydział Teologiczny, Polska, Karczewski Pantelejmon
Published: September 2021

Dormition of the Mother of God is one of the most solemnly celebrated feasts in the Orthodox liturgical year. It has a rich hymnography, including an additional rite of the Funeral of the Mother of God. The texts of the feast are largely inspired by the hymnography of the Holy Week, and especially Holy Saturday. This paper presents, on the example of the feast of the Dormition, a general phenomenon of intertextuality in hymnography. Mutual interpenetration of hymns appears in the context of many feasts and many saints.
Теология в принятии управленческих решений
Authors:   Православный Свято-Тихоновский гуманитарный университет, Россия, Рахимов Давид
Published: September 2021

Management decisions are always based on a set of non-random options. Each option is spiritual in nature. Faced with uncertainty, a person makes his choice not from random alternatives, but within the framework of the situation presented to him by God. In fact, a person makes his choice between virtue and passion, good and evil.
«Российская Древлеправославная церковь Христова Белокриницкой иерархии» – юрисдикции «епископа» Алимпия (Вербицкого): история возникновения и современное состояние
Authors:   Кафедра теологии и христианской коммуникации, Межрегиональная Академия управлением персонала, Украина, Бочков Павел
Published: September 2021

The article tells about the history of the emergence of a small Old Believer jurisdiction that emerged in 2010 against the background of administrative turmoil and crisis within the Russian Orthodox Old Believer Church. A small group of believers, united by the Old Believer Bishop Alimpiy (Verbitsky), still exists and conducts its religious activities on the territory of Russia and Ukraine. It is also represented on the Internet.
Organizacja i funkcjonowanie duszpasterstwa wyznania prawosławnego w Wojsku Polskim na Zachodzie w latach 1941-1943
Authors:   Instytut Historyczny Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, Polska, Pyczel Joanna Gabriela
Published: September 2021

In 1940, the British side granted formal consent for the establishment of the Polish Armed Forces on its territory. At the operational level, they were to be subordinated to the command of the British Army. Among the Polish troops stationed in the British Isles at the time were soldiers of the Orthodox faith. They represented an ethnic mosaic. The followers of the Orthodox Church serving in the army and navy included Poles, Belarusians, Ukrainians, Ruthenians and Russians. In the beginning providing Orthodox soldiers with permanent pastoral care posed a problem mainly due to the lack of a chaplain of that denomination. This continued until the beginning of 1941. At that time, the head of the Orthodox military ministry was established for the branches of the Polish Army in Great Britain. The intention of the text was to present the process of creating a pastoral ministry, the activities undertaken by the clergy and the difficulties that they had to overcome in their service.
Заметка Николая Гринкевича «О школе» и дополняющие ее тексты
Authors:   Независимый исследователь, Беларусь, Симаков Александр
Published: September 2021

The text corpus of the Grinkevich Research and Translation Project About the School, which had an active phase in 2014-2019, is considered. The sources of 9 texts are: 2 – the Alaskan Russian Church archive in the Library of Congress, 3 – N. Russel’s brochure, 4 – San Francisco newspapers; the note On the School by N. Grinkevich is supplemented, confirming the facts reported in it, by 2 testimonies of Dr. Russel himself (including the history of the creation of the note), 3 parts dedicated to the school student of Belarusian-Tlingit origin N. Savchenko (letters from his father Demian), 2 newspaper publications revealing Grinkevich’s ambiguous role. The obvious reason for the change in public position of this psalm reader, later a member of the Ecclesiastical Consistory of Alaska in relation to the problems of the church school was the inertial adherence to routine rules and procedures, official subordination and the desire to maintain position, but it was the promulgation of his note by the revolutionaries that probably led to his dismissal, already as an archpriest, from the Diocese of the Aleutians and Alaska.
Monastery prawosławnej Diecezji chełmsko-bełskiej w XVI wieku – świadectwa rozwoju Prawosławia polskiego
Authors:   Chrześcijańska Akademia Teologiczna, Wydział Teologiczny, Polska, Lewczak Mirosław
Published: September 2021

This article is a contribution to the history of Polish Orthodoxy, concerning the issues of the relationship between diocesan development and the formation of monasticism in the Chełm and Belian dioceses. Despite the lack of a full range of archival sources and an insufficient number of scientific studies, the outline below confirms, that these accounts despite of some turbulences (law problems), always confirmed this particular aspect of Polish history, which is called Polish Orthodoxy.
Система организации епархиального управления Белорусской автокефальной православной церкви в 1949–1980 гг.
Authors:   Минская духовная академия Белорусской Православной Церкви, Беларусь, Слесарев Александр
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the consideration of the history of the development of the system of diocesan administrations of the unrecognized Belarusian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (BAOC). Formed in 1948–1949, the named religious organization over the next several decades was an influential center for the consolidation of the Belarusian post-war Diaspora. The activities of the parishes of the BAOC were not limited to the organization of services and involved the conduct of social, cultural, educational, publishing and other work. In turn, the control, management and coordination of parish activities largely depended on the principles of organizing diocesan administration. On the basis of the study, it is concluded that the volume of administrative powers of the episcopate is gradually reduced and the role of the laity in the administration of dioceses is strengthened. The noted instability of the diocesan structures of the BAOC in the period under review is explained by the high degree of dependence of the diocesan affiliation of parishes on the relationship with a particular hierarch.
Zarys problematyki obcojęzycznych odpowiedników wyrazów hasłowych Słownika polskiej terminologii prawosławnej
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Katedra Teologii Prawosławnej, Polska, Makal Grzegorz , Misijuk Włodzimierz ,   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Katedra Teologii Prawosławnej, Polska
Published: September 2021

The article presents the general principles of assigning to the entry words of the Dictionary of Polish Orthodox Terminology their Greek, Church Slavonic and English equivalents, points to problems resulting from differences in the scope of terminology in particular categories of headwords and their foreign-language equivalents, analyzes the problems and presents the methods of solving them, established in the course of work on the Dictionary, by using foreign-language equivalents of headwords’ synonyms. The article points to various sources and the lack of sources of some foreign-language equivalents to Orthodox terms presented in a Dictionary of Polish Orthodox Terminology.
Najstarsze dzieje parafii mielnickich
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Polska, Mironowicz Antoni
Published: September 2021

The oldest history of the Orthodox parishes in Mielnik shows that they were closely related to the history of the city. The first brick temple was built in the Ruthenian stronghold in the 13th century. The tradition of the thirteenth-century temple was related to the wooden church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary built in 1431 at Drohicka Street, and then another one erected on the Ruthenian hill in 1614 and the present one built in the years 1821-1823. The Orthodox Church of the Resurrection of Christ situated on Brzeska Street at the beginning of the 16th century was of great importance to the inhabitants of the city. Rebuilt after a fire in 1648, it survived until 1878. In 1777, in the parish of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, a cemetery chapel of the Protection of the Mother of God was built, which housed the revered icon of the Mother of God of the Protection.
Mistyczne znaczenie pokarmu
Authors:   Chrześcijańska Akademia Teologiczna, Wydział Teologiczny Polska, Kiślak Mariusz
Published: September 2021

The article attempts to present the mystical meaning of food. Through food, the bond between God and man is broken, through food, which is the Eucharist, this bond is restored. Moreover, during the liturgical year, the Church sanctifies the matter and the whole world in the rites of blessing the food and produce of the earth.
Innovación Tecno-Educativa “Google”. Plataformas Digitales, Datos y Formación Docente
Authors: Saura Geo , Díez Gutiérrez Enrique Javier , Rivera Vargas Pablo
Published: September 2021

Las plataformas digitales están generando los avances más significativos en la innovación educativa global. La pandemia mundial de Covid-19 está acelerando la expansión de las plataformas digitales en educación. Google es la corporación tecnológica que, a través de Google for Education, está liderando la innovación educativa mediante sus plataformas digitales. A partir de este contexto, el objetivo del presente artículo es analizar la innovación en las prácticas educativas y en la formación del profesorado, a través de las plataformas digitales de Google. Desde un enfoque cualitativo basado en la implementación de una etnografía digital y una tecnografía, se han analizado en profundidad ocho sitios web de Google que tienen relación con la formación docente y los datos. Los resultados del estudio muestran que, a través de la API de Classroom, se están generando (1) nuevos procesos de control tecno-educativo, (2) nuevas dinámicas extractivas de los datos y (3) nuevas relaciones rentistas con la industria tecnológica.  Junto a ello, se observa que la formación docente para la innovación tecno-educativa en Google se basa en un desarrollado profesional piramidal mediante certificaciones docentes, y en “comunidades educativas Google” que se auto-forman y expanden las herramientas y las lógicas de mercado de la corporación tecnológica.
Lietuvos mokslininkų atvirosios prieigos leidybinė elgsena ir ją lemiantys veiksniai
Authors:   , Kepalienė Fausta
Published: September 2021

Lithuanian scholars’ open access publishing behaviour and its determinants
Finds of Lithospermum Nuts at Archaeological Sites in Ukraine
Authors:   DSc in Biology, Senior Research Fellow, Pashkevych Halyna , Chernovol Dmytro ,   PhD in History, Research Fellow, the Eneolithic-Bronze Age Archaeology Department, the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: September 2021

Lithospermum officinale L. and Buglossoides arvensis (L.) I.M. Johnston [syn. Lithospermum arvense L.] nuts were found among the fossil grains and seeds in the materials of various archaeological cultures of the territory of Ukraine. These finds have attracted the researchers’ attention for their large number, which sometimes reaches tens of thousands. Why were our ancestors interested in these small, unattractive plants? They have neither brightly fragrant flowers, nor edible fruits. The oldest and largest find, more than 40,000 nuts of Lithospermum officinale L., was found in two pots from Trypillia settlement Ozhevo-Ostriv (the last phase of ВІ — В / I stages, Cucuteni A4) dated by the last third of the 5th millennium BC. For what purpose was such a number of nuts collected? In the article there is data on the finds of gromwell nuts in Europe and the reasons for their gathering. There are several of them: the usage of nuts for future crops and preparation of plants roots with red coloring; making beads from nuts; the usage of nuts in herbal medicine as diuretics, anesthetics and as an aphrodisiac. For what purpose was a large number of nuts collected by the residents of Trypillia settlement Ozhevo-Ostriv? The ancient population may have used nuts as a folk remedy and as a dye. However, the laying of vessels with nuts under the platform No. 4 at the Ozhevo-Ostriv settlement did not imply such household usage. Probably, these nuts were collected and placed in vessels for ritual purposes and they should be considered as ritual items. The finds in materials from other archaeological cultures are less numerous. It is possible that gromwell nuts were used as herbal medicine or as a dye. The gromwell nuts are also of interest to modern researchers. Thanks to recent studies by K. Pustovoytov and S. Riehl, the possibility of using biogenic carbonate from the shells of nuts for radiocarbon dating has been established. Thus, the biogenic carbonate of the nut shell is a new source of chronological information. The same researchers established the relationship between the isotopic composition of oxygen from the biogenic carbonate of nuts and climatic conditions.
Millstones from Revne at Bukovyna
Authors:   PhD in History, Senior Research Fellow of the Institute of Archaeology, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Gorbanenko Serhii , Ilkiv Mykola ,   PhD, assistant of the History of the Ancient World, Middle Ages, and Museology Department, The Yurii Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Mykhailyna Liubomyr ,   DSc in History, Leading Researcher of the National Kyiv-Pechersk Historical and Cultural Preserve, Ridush Bohdan ,   PhD, DSc in Geography, professor at the Physical Geography, Geomorphology and Paleogeography Department, The Yurii Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University
Published: September 2021

In the article stones from light hand millstones from Revne group of settlements of the 8th — 10th centuries left by the Slavs — bearers of the Raiky archaeological culture are published (fig. 1; 2). The lithological composition of rocks was determined. The millstones were made of two types of rocks: 1 — organogenic-detrital limestone, layered, cavernous, grayish-yellow (fig. 3: 1, 2); 2 —organogenic detrital limestone, massive, finely cavernous, yellowish-gray (fig. 3: 3). Such rocks are typical for the area of Revne agglomeration. This confirms the local origin of the raw materials (fig. 4). The rocks can be easily processed with iron tools. At the same time, they are strong enough and not prone to fracture and small fracturing. An average density of limestone is 2.7 g/cm3. Millstones are widely known from the materials of the Raiky culture sites (fig. 5). Probably, in all cases, local raw materials were used. On this background mention of the finds of grain graters occurs in scientific literature less often. In the materials of Revne agglomeration of the 8th — 10th centuries grain graters are unknown. Discovered millstones are divided into «spoilage» or blank (fig. 3: 1), bed stone (fig. 3: 2) and runner stone (fig. 3: 3). There is a sufficient basis for the general reconstruction of a light hand millstone. It consists of archaeological finds (stones and occasionally other parts made of iron and wood), ethnographic and iconographic data (fig. 6). All these sources were qualitatively analysed by R. S. Minasyan and he proposed his own classification. Today, we consider his work to be the most generalizing and reliable basis for descriptive reconstruction of the millstone. However, the classification itself is not quite user-friendly. Therefore, we offer systematization as a combination of main features. It is presented in a tabular form (fig. 7). According to the proposed systematization, the millstones from Revne can be characterized as ІІ.2.A—B — bed stone with a hole and a wooden pin (not preserved), with runner stone and rind (not preserved), with a hole for a handle of indeterminate length (not preserved).
OPTIMALISASI JARINGAN INTERNET DENGAN LOAD BALANCING PADA HIGH TRAFFIC NETWORK
Authors: Octavriana Tania , Joni Koko , Ibadillah Achmad Fiqhi
Published: September 2021

In recent years, the Internet became an important human need in the modern times. In 2019 the number of internet users in Indonesia reached 73.7% of the population as a whole and an increase of 8.9% from the previous year. In State Islamic High School Sidoarjo already provides internet services but existing bandwidth is not distributed evenly between ISP1 and ISP2. In this research, a Load balancing technique is carried out using the Per Connection Classifier (PCC) method. This method divides and classify the data packets to the Gateway connection. QoS Testing was performed using four parameters : Throughput, Jitter, Delay, and Packet Loss are taken the average value by measuring before and after Load balancing. Before Load balancing the uploads and downloads are 19.01 and 19.87 Mbps. From the results of testing the two domain, namely www.google.com and www.youtube.com the Delay was 55 and 39 ms, Jitter was 8 and 17 ms, and Packet Loss was 1% and 19%. Whereas after Load balancing is applied the uploads and downloads are 199.00 and 134.87 Mbps. From the results of testing two domains, the Delay is 21 and 24 ms, both Jitter is 0 ms, and both Packet Loss is 0%.
SENTIMEN ANALISIS TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA NAÏVE BAYES
Authors: Nababan Darsono
Published: September 2021

Social media is a means to convey aspirations directly, but every aspiration is from social media users. Everyone who expresses opinions on social media contains positive, negative, and neutral sentiments. The implementation of the Ministry of Education and Culture's policy on the implementation of distance learning policies during the pandemic COVID-19 received various responses from the people of Indonesia. neutral as many as 894 comments, then 52 comments with negative sentiment, and 32 comments with positive sentiment with an accuracy value of 98.79%
PENERAPAN ALGORITMA DIJKSTRA DALAM PENENTUAN LINTASAN TERPENDEK MENUJU UPT. PUSKESMAS CILODONG KOTA DEPOK
Authors: Rahayu Cicih Sri , Gata Windu , Rahayu Sri , Salim Agus , Budiarto Arif
Published: September 2021

One of the government's efforts in providing health to the community is the construction of health centers in each sub-district, and the community is expected to be able to take advantage of the health facilities provided by the government. One of the problems that exist in the community is determining the shortest distance to the puskesmas. In Depok City, there are 26 routes that can be passed from the 38 nodes or vertices to the Cilodong Health Center with the starting point of the Depok mayor's office. This study uses a survey research method to calculate the actual distance at each node or vertex, the purpose of this study is to determine the shortest path taken by the starting point from the Depok mayor's office to get to the Cilodong Health Center by applying the dijkstra algorithm. This dijkstra algorithm works by visiting all existing points and making a route if there are 2 routes to the same 1 point then the route that has the lowest weight is chosen so that all points have an optimal route. This quest continues until the final destination point. After doing this research and testing using a simple application to calculate the distance by applying the djikstra algorithm, it was found that the shortest path taken to the destination is through the GDC Main Gate or on the test results in Iteration 26. From the results of this study, people can choose this closest route to save time when viewed from the distance of the existing track. For further research, it is expected to be able to compare two other algorithms and other parameters so that the closest route with the fastest time is obtained.
RESTAURANT RECOMMENDER SYSTEM USING ITEM BASED COLLABORATIVE FILTERING AND ADJUSTED COSINE ALGORITHM SIMILARITY
Authors: Yusmar Addini , Wardhani Luh Kesuma , Suseno Hendra Bayu
Published: September 2021

In 2018, the Ministry of Industry (Kemenperin) stated that the food and beverage sector contributed 6.34% of the national gross domestic product (GDP). Currently, culinary information can be easily found, both in print and online. The amount of information available sometimes makes people over-informed, making it difficult to choose a restaurant based on their preferences. To assist consumers in selecting a restaurant, we need a system that can provide several recommendations. This study aims to implement the item-based Collaborative Filtering method using the Adjusted Cosine Similarity algorithm on a restaurant recommendation system. The test was carried out with 40 samples from UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta using purposive sampling because the sample was selected based on specific criteria, and 40 respondents can be said to be correct because of the minimum number of respondents is 30. The accuracy test uses precision, and the determination of the error value uses MAE. The analysis of the research results used three scenarios, which are 5, 20, and 40 users. The third scenario produces the best precision and MAE values. Precision is better if the precision value is close to 1, and MAE is getting better if the MAE value is getting closer to 0. So it can be concluded that the Item-Based method with the Adjusted Cosine algorithm has the best accuracy and error values when the number of users grows.
Heart Transplant and Ventricular Assist: Cardiac Surgery and Heart Failure Perspective
Authors: Cain Michael T , Firstenberg Michael S , Cleveland Joseph C
Published: September 2021

For nearly 60 years, there have been two surgical treatment options for individuals with severe advanced heart failure: heart transplantation or implantation of a left ventricular assist device. As these fields have advanced in parallel, improvements in surgical technique, device development, and patient selection have improved outcomes for both therapies. Development of a comprehensive approach to the management of the most severe forms of advanced heart failure requires a deep understanding of both heart transplantation and durable ventricular assistance, including recent advancements in both fields. This article will review the substantial progress in the fields of heart transplantation and mechanical left ventricular assistance, including recent changes to organ allocation prioritization and left ventricular assist device evaluation, both of which have dramatically influenced practice in these fields.
Hábitos de vida durante a pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Cazal Mariana de Melo , Nunes Danúbia Paula , Silva Sandra Tavares da
Published: September 2021

Resumo: A pandemia do COVID-19 tem alterado a rotina de vida das pessoas pela obrigatoriedade de permanência em casa, o que pode resultar em mudanças de comportamento.Objetivo: Identificar alterações nos hábitos de vida durante a pandemia da COVID-19, relacionando às alterações de peso corporal e aos níveis de ansiedade relatados.Método: Estudo transversal com adultos, de ambos os sexos, no qual os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário online, com auxílio da ferramenta Google Docs.Resultados: Participaram 258 pessoas, sendo 192 (74,4%) mulheres, eutróficos com idade entre 18 e 73 anos. Observou-se que 146 (56,6%) ganharam peso e, dentre estes, 105 (71,9%) utilizaram mais aplicativos para pedido de refeições, 104 (74,7%) relataram maior ingestão de doces e 105 (71,9%) de lanches calóricos, além de maior tempo de tela e ansiedade. Alterações negativas no estado emocional foram relatadas por 175 (67,8%) participantes, 150 (58,1%) afirmaram que a ansiedade aumenta seu apetite; 206 (79,8%) relataram aumento de ansiedade e dentre estes 133 (64,6%) utilizaram mais aplicativos de pedido de refeições e 65% relataram maior ingestão de doces e lanches.Conclusão: As alterações nos hábitos de vida ocorridas durante a pandemia relatada pela maioria dos entrevistados estavam associadas ao ganho de peso e aumento nos níveis de ansiedade, fatores que podem afetar a imunidade e elevar o risco a COVID-19.
The stock market as a casino: Associations between stock market trading frequency and problem gambling
Authors: Mosenhauer Moritz , Newall Philip W. S. , Walasek Lukasz
Published: September 2021

Background and aims

Personal investors decrease their stock market investment returns by trading frequently, which the behavioral finance literature has primarily explained via investors' overconfidence and low levels of financial literacy. This study investigates whether problem gambling can help account for frequent trading in a sample of active gambler/investors, as suggestive of frequent trading being in part driven by a behavioral addiction to gambling-like activities.

Methods

A retrospective cross-sectional study of 795 US-based participants, who reported both being active gamblers and holding stock market investments. Recollected stock trading activity (typical portfolio size, purchases and sales of stocks) was compared with scores on the Problem Gambling Severity Index, a financial literacy scale, and a measure of overconfidence.

Results

Self-reported relative stock portfolio turnover was positively associated with problem gambling scores. This association was robust to controls for financial literacy, overconfidence, and demographics, and occurred equally among investors of all self-reported portfolio sizes.

Discussion and conclusions

This study provides support for the hypothesis that behavioral addiction to gambling-like activities is associated with frequent stock market trading. New investment products that increase the ease of trading may therefore be detrimental to some investors.
An optimal segmentation method for processing medical image to detect the brain tumor
Authors: Thao Ho Thi , Phan Viet Cuong , Le Tuan Anh , Nguyen Hong Ha , Ha Quang Thanh , Tran Bai
Published: September 2021

In the field of medical physics, detection of brain tumor from computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MRI) scans is a difficult task due to complexity of the brain hence it is one of the top priority goals of many recent researches. In this article, we describe a new method that combines four different steps including smoothing, Sobel edge detection, connected component, and finally region growing algorithms for locating and extracting the various lesions in the brain. The computational algorithm of the proposed method was implemented using Insight Toolkit (ITK). The analysis results indicate that the proposed method automatically and efficiently detected the tumor region from the CT or MRI image of the brain. It is very clear for physicians to separate the abnormal from the normal surrounding tissue to get a real identification of related areas; improving quality and accuracy of diagnosis, which would help to increase success possibility by early detection of tumor as well as reducing surgical planning time. This is an important step in correctly calculating the dose in radiation therapy later.
Enslavement in the Indian Ocean World: Introducing a Theme
Authors: Hägerdal Hans
Published: September 2021

No abstract
“Bred up under Our Roofs”: Domestic Slavery in Ceylon, 1760-1834
Authors: Wagenaar Lodewijk
Published: September 2021

No abstract
Forms of Slavery and Patterns of Slave Holding in Urban Mozambique in the 1820s
Authors: Ribeiro da Silva Filipa
Published: September 2021

No abstract
Marketing territorial una herramienta estratégica para el sector rural: Revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Burgos-Cañas Dario , Fonseca-Pinto Dora Esther , Fonseca-Pinto Carlos Arturo
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo de revisión se basa en un estudio bibliográfico en el que se busca seleccionar analizar y sintetizar  la literatura científicas sobre el marketing territorial como parte fundamental y estructural para el desarrollo del proyecto de investigación “Marketing territorial: una estrategia de desarrollo sostenible para las comunidades del corredor del roble en el municipio de Sotaquirá”, la revisión bibliográfica es de tipo documental de carácter científico, apoyada por las bases de datos como Scielo, Scopus, Dialnet, lens y el buscador de Google Académico, con un rango de búsqueda no menor a 5 años. Como resultados se evidencia que el marketing territorial ha generado las herramientas necesarias para ser utilizado como una estrategia de desarrollo social, económico, cultural y ambiental.
Competitividad e innovación en Norte de Santander
Authors: Guevara Wilmer , Gómez-Camperos July Andrea , Jaramillo Haidee Yulady
Published: September 2021

El presente es un artículo de revisión que tiene por objetivo conocer el estado de la competitividad e innovación de Cúcuta y Norte de Santander con respecto al resto del país y el mundo. Se hizo una revisión del trabajo desarrollado por diversas empresas e instituciones de investigación, para conocer el impacto que este tipo de esfuerzos ha tenido en la sociedad. El estudio inicia con el contexto internacional, luego continental, nacional y finalmente regional, para poder hacer un contraste entre las condiciones de vida que logran muchos países que se encuentran a la vanguardia de la tecnología y las carencias que suelen sufrir los países en vías de desarrollo, analizando su origen y las consecuencias que trae el carecer de la infraestructura necesaria para producir algo diferente en cuanto a materias primas. Adicionalmente se indaga en la forma como se llega a la innovación y cuáles son los actores principales en este fenómeno que garantiza a las naciones que aprovechan la prosperidad en el mercado internacional, para finalizar con una recopilación de los esfuerzos que muchas instituciones tanto gubernamentales como no gubernamentales están haciendo y cómo esto ha cambiado el panorama económico de la región y el país, identificando los principales desafíos y problemáticas que el sector de investigación y desarrollo necesita superar de la mano de la sociedad colombiana para mitigar las dificultades que supone ser una nación deficiente en términos de innovación.
Legal Framework for Data Processing in Employee Fluctuation Risk Analysis – the European Regulation from a German Perspective
Authors: Mittendorf Martina
Published: September 2021

In connection with the management of employee retention many Human Resources Managers feel the need to know who of their employees might leave the company in the near future. The more a company knows about the motives of those who might leave, the easier it is to get in contact with them. Thus it is not surprising that the HR Managers want to try to combine all the data they have or can get in order to predict the behavior of their employees. It is evident that the interpretation of data-combinations can give inaccurate predictions of the probability of departure of an employee, and it is undesirable for this data-interpretation process to create a negative image of an employee. It is a sensitive issue for all parties involved, because managers want to retain the “good people” and keep the company going; on the other hand many employees are afraid of having all details of their work be observed. The uncertainties can hopefully be best dealt with by talking with each other. However, it is worth taking a look at the European legal situation in order to determine if these analyses are permitted at all. Therefore it is necessary to examine whether and under what conditions an analysis of employee fluctuation risk is compatible with the GDPR, which has been applicable since May 25th, 2018, and which places special conditions on the processing of personal data in Europe.
The importance of Rhizobium, Agrobacterium, Bradyrhizobium, Herbaspirillum, Sinorhizobium in sustainable agricultural production
Authors: SHAHRAJABIAN Mohamad H. , SUN Wenli , CHENG Qi
Published: September 2021

Rhizobia which are soil bacteria capable of symbiosis with legume plants in the root or stem nodules and perform nitrogen fixation. Rhizobial genera include Agrobacterium, Allorhizobium, Aminobacter, Azorhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, Devosia, Mesorhizobium, Methylobacterium, Microvirga, Ochrobacterum, Phyllobacterium, Rhizobium, Shinella and Ensifer (Sinorhizobium). Review of the literature was carried out using the keywords Rhizobium, Agrobacterium, Bradyrhizobium, Herbaspirillum and Sinorhizobium. Rhizobial nodulation symbioses steps are included flavonoid signaling, Nod factor induction, and Nod factor perception, root hair responses, rhizobial infection, cell division and formation of nitrogen-fixing nodule. Rhizobium improves sustainable production by boosting organic nitrogen content.