bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shadow Detection and Elimination Technique for Vehicle Detection
Authors: Vikruthi Sriharsha , Archana Maruthavanan , Tanguturi Rama Chaithanya
Published: December 2022

One of the fundamental functions of traffic monitoring systems is vehicle detection. However, vehicle detection is typically hampered by the shadow problem. Objects are sometimes lost or their shapes are distorted because shadows are misunderstood to be elements of a vehicle. Shadows are a major problem for the current vehicle detecting technology. For video target segmentation, a moving shadow can be easily mistaken for a portion of the object due to their similarity, and the processing speed of classic shadow eradication methods is insufficient for a real-time intelligent transport system. For the purpose of removing shadows, a novel technique is suggested in this research. There are a number of issues that arise as a result of this, including the destruction of objects and the warping of their original shapes. Many algorithms, including deep learning ones, ignore the shadow problem, which contributes to the poor accuracy of vehicle recognition. The shadow problem can reduce the accuracy of vehicle detection, hence traditionally, vehicle detection has been a part of traffic monitoring structures. Vehicle components cast in a shadow may be misidentified, and users may have to deal with the loss of items or the distorting of their shapes. Since the problem could be caused by inaccurate data, the shadow reduction technique is the primary method for improving precision during the vehicle detection procedure. This research presents a method for removing shadows from an image by first identifying the foreground regions using edge data, and then detecting and removing the shadows using prior knowledge based on the image's grayscale data. According to the results of the performance analysis, the suggested method outperforms similar methods in detecting vehicles, hence it will be used in future Intelligent Transportation System deployments.
Electrophysical properties of ceramic materials based on manganese-containing potassium polytitanates
Authors:   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Maksimova Liliia A. , Tretyachenko Elena V. ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Gorokhovsky Alexander V. ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Vikulova Mariya A. ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Bainyashev Alexey M. ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Goffman Vladimir G. ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov
Published: December 2022

The new materials obtained in the potassium polytitanate (PPT)–MnSO4 system by modifying PPT in aqueous solutions of manganese sulfate of various concentrations, followed by thermal treatment and annealing at 1080°C, were synthesized and studied. The phase composition of the obtained materials was determined. Their electrochemical and electrophysical properties in the temperature range from 250 to 700°C were studied. The maximum volumetric and intergranular conductivities of the obtained materials were observed at 250°C (9 · 10−4 and 6 · 10−4 S/cm, respectively) in the samples containing 25 wt.% MnO. The value of the activation energy of the conductivity in the volume of grains and grain boundaries was 0.37 and 0.45 eV, respectively. It was shown that the permittivity at the frequency of 1 kHz varies from 103 to 5 · 105 depending on the temperature and manganese oxide content.
Effect of properties of carbon materials on specific energy and cycling of lithium-sulfur batteries
Authors:   Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC RAS, Karaseva Elena V. , Kuzmina Elena V. ,   Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC RAS, Shakirova Nadezhda V. ,   Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC RAS, Kolosnitsyn Vladimir S. ,   Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC RAS
Published: December 2022

The effect of the structure and the specific surface area of carbon materials, contained in positive electrodes, on the peculiarities of cycling of lithium-sulfur cells (the depth of electrochemical reduction of sulfur and lithium polysulfides, the changes in capacity and Coulomb efficiency of cycling) was studied. The studies showed that the depth of electrochemical transformations of sulfur and lithium polysulfides depended not only on the specific surface area of the carbon material contained in positive electrodes, but also on the structure and the surface morphology of the carbon material particles.
Transição agroecológica: uma análise no Assentamento Alegria, zona rural de Teresina (PI)
Authors: Silva Amanda Meneses da , Silva Francielly Lopes da , Pereira Márcia Leila de castro
Published: December 2022

Este artigo objetiva analisar e descrever a transição agroecológica ocorrida no Assentamento Alegria, zona rural da capital Teresina (PI), e os consequentes impactos da mudança para os agricultores, no manejo e na qualidade de vida dessa região. A metodologia apresenta como base uma análise qualiquantitativa através de uma pesquisa de estudo de caso com aplicação de questionário na forma de tópicos-guia entre 15 agricultores. Constatou-se que a transição traz benefícios, tanto ambientais, como para saúde e economia. Apesar de 20% dos assentados desaprovarem o projeto, devido principalmente a não utilização de produtos químicos contra as pragas, 80% dos entrevistados percebem o processo de transição agroecológica como benéfico para a comunidade, uma vez que em virtude dessa mudança o manejo nessa localidade foi totalmente modificado, sendo incluídas práticas mais sustentáveis no processo de preparação da terra para plantio, além da utilização de soluções naturais para o combate às pragas.
CAPOBIANCO, João Paulo Ribeiro. Amazônia, uma década de esperança: como o Brasil controlou o desmatamento entre 2004 e 2014 e está pondo tudo a perder. 1. ed. São Paulo: Estação Liberdade, 2021. 224 p.
Authors: Morais Leila De
Published: December 2022

O texto apresenta a recente obra de João Capobianco em que ele constata a importância da presença do Estado como variável determinante de uma mudança da percepção da população regional sobre o aumento do risco no descumprimento da legislação ambiental. Isso se refletiu na expressiva queda das taxas de desmatamento, entre 2004 e 2014. Para tanto, ele faz um estudo detalhado sobre as políticas ambientais voltadas para o controle do desmatamento na Amazônia Legal Brasileira (ALB) e descreve como o Brasil reduziu suas taxas de desmatamento na maior floresta tropical do mundo. O autor mostra como o país, num curto espaço de tempo, passou de protagonista no combate ao desmatamento a um incentivador da degradação florestal. Assim, constata a centralidade do papel do Estado e confirma sua hipótese de pesquisa, de que a presença estatal na região, sobretudo por meio das ações de fiscalização, são decisivas para inibir o desmatamento ilegal.
Cursing Through Someone Else’s Mouth: Faizi’s Lampoon of Veysi
Authors: Akyol Ercan
Published: December 2022

Kafzade Abdülhay Çelebi (1589–1621), known under the pen name Faizi is, in spite of his prolificacy, an often-ignored figure in modern literary historiography. Though his oeuvre has been studied and short biographies of him have been written more than once about the main lines of his life, a closer look at 17th-century primary sources reveal that some of his poems and correspondence, including biographical information, are unstudied and can still be found in various manuscripts. Accordingly, the aims of this paper are threefold: firstly, to give an annotated translation of an as yet unpublished poem by Faizi which parodies Veysi (1561–1628), a renowned Ottoman poet and man of letters; second, to survey through Faizi’s poem a short period of Ottoman literary culture during which a certain style of satire flourished within a narrow literary milieu; and finally, to interpret the poem within the ‘ilmiyye culture of the early 17th century.
From Decline to Transformation: Reflections on a New Paradigm in Ottoman History
Authors: Bouquet Olivier
Published: December 2022

This article addresses transformation as a newly emerging paradigm in the field of Ottoman studies. It examines the relationship between two historiographical sequences: first, the decline theories widely supported by Ottoman studies of the 16th to 18th century conducted over the last three decades of the 20th century are criticised; second, the characterization of the 19th century as a new golden age of transformation in articles and books published in increasing numbers during the last twenty years is put under scrutiny. After questioning the novelty of this paradigm in light of dominant yet hackneyed themes, this paper proposes to measure its usefulness in terms of challenges and opportunities for research. Overall, it appears on the one hand that if
transformationism differs from declinism in that it denies providing a comprehensive model of analysis, on the other hand it mimics it insofar as it still depends on two dominant traits which it directly claimed to avoid - the omnipotence of the history of institutions and a theory of modernization that dares not speak its name. In short, under the pretence of an appeal to paradigmatic renewal, this statement of principle only reproduces old historiographical habits.
Movimento entre concreto e abstrato na formação de conceitos matemáticos por estudantes privados de liberdade
Authors: Braga Francisco Carneiro , Rosa Josélia Euzébio da
Published: December 2022

Como ensinar matemática para estudantes privados de liberdade em tempos de pandemia? A partir deste desafio, foi proposto o objetivo de investigar o movimento do pensamento matemático de estudantes privados de liberdade, durante a formação do conhecimento referente à relação de multiplicidade. Uma pesquisa foi realizada por meio de experimento didático com quatro estudantes matriculados Educação de Jovens e Adultos, em uma cadeia pública localizada no sertão paraibano. O experimento foi planejado e executado com base nos fundamentos da Teoria do Ensino Desenvolvimental de Davídov e da Atividade Orientadora de Ensino de Moura. Por causa da pandemia, não houve contato físico com os estudantes, e a comunicação foi apenas na forma escrita. Para tanto, foi providenciado um caderno para cada estudante. As tarefas impressas eram enviadas em uma folha A4 coladas nos cadernos. Os estudantes pensavam coletivamente a solução de cada tarefa e registravam individualmente, na forma manuscrita, em seus respectivos cadernos a síntese coletiva. Portanto, a fonte de dados consiste nas respostas dos estudantes. Os resultados indicam que, apesar de os colaboradores estarem privados de liberdade, eles são capazes de aprender coletivamente, desde que o ensino seja organizado em tal direção, e sejam propiciadas as condições objetivas para sua efetivação.
¿Instituciones del pueblo, por el pueblo y para el pueblo? Abordar el poder y la responsabilidad social de los bancos centrales en una democracia
Authors: Rochon Louis-Philippe , Vallet Guillaume
Published: December 2022

Este artículo da luz sobre un tema olvidado en economía: la responsabilidad social de los bancos centrales en una democracia. Consideramos que los bancos centrales son instituciones de poder y, como tales, ni ellos ni sus políticas son neutrales, pues hay ganadores y perdedores inevitables. Explicamos por qué y cómo la sociedad debe regular y controlar su poder. Nos centramos en el carácter distributivo del ingreso de la política monetaria para demostrar esta afirmación, y mostramos que ha llegado la hora de construir un nuevo marco de banca central que mejore la   responsabilidad social de los bancos centrales conforme al espíritu de un sistema democrático, que se base en nuevas reglas, nuevos tipos de organización interna y una ética de la responsabilidad de nuevo tipo.
Menemen Ovası Entisol Topraklarının Verimlilik Durumlarının Belirlenmesi ve Haritalarının Oluşturulması
Authors: TEPECİK Mahmut , ÖZEN Fulsen , BOLCA Mustafa , KAYIKÇIOĞLU Hüseyin Hüsnü , İLBİ Hülya , ERDOĞAN BAYRAM Seda
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışma, Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Menemen Araştırma, Uygulama ve Üretim Çiftliği arazisi topraklarının bulunduğu Menemen Ovası’nda, tarımsal üretim stratejilerinin ve jeomorfolojik özelliklerinin etkisinde değişen alüviyal ana özdeği üzerindeki toprakların verimlilik durumlarını belirlemek amacıyla 2012 yılında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çiftlik arazisindeki ortalama 69,2 da genişliğindeki 30 parselde profil incelemesi yapılarak, ayrımlı tabaka ve horizonlardan toprak örnekleri alınmıştır. İncelenen toprak örneklerinde pH değerleri 7,32-8,90 arasında değişim gösterdiği, ortalama pH değerlerinin 7,97 olduğu ve toprak reaksiyonu (pH) dağılımları dikkate alındığında topraklarının çoğunlukla hafif alkalin karakterde olduğu görülmüştür. Toprakların elektrik iletkenlikleri 586,16-2860,0 µS cm-1 arasında değişirken (ortalama 590,21 µS cm-1), yaklaşık %90’lık bölümünün kum bünyeli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Toprakların toplam karbonat içerikleri %4,46-15,65 arasında değişmekte olup ortalama %8,57 değeri ile kireç bakımından zengin sınıfında yer almaktadır. Toprakların organik maddesi (TOM) içeriği %0,05-2,97 arasında değişim göstermiş ve ortalama organik madde içeriği %1,17 olarak belirlenmiştir. TOM açısından toprakların %60 gibi büyük bir bölümünün organik maddece fakir olduğu saptanmıştır. Toprakların toplam azot değerlerinin %0,012-0,130, alınabilir fosfor miktarının 0,15-8,06 mg kg-1, potasyumun 19,6-494,7 mg kg-1, kalsiyumun 1100,0-6534,0 mg kg-1 ve magnezyumun 56,7-937,4 mg kg-1 aralığında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Toprakların alınabilir sodyum konsantrasyonu 19,2-1746,0 mg kg-1, demir 1,27-34,62 mg kg-1, çinko 0,07-2,04 mg kg-1, mangan 0,50-16,24 mg kg-1 ve bakır 0,07-2,86 mg kg-1 olarak saptanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarının, benzer jeolojik formasyona sahip ova toprakları için bir rehber niteliğinde olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Investigation of the possibility to simulate oscillations of the pump housing exposed to effects of the unsteady hydrodynamic forces
Authors: Lomakin V.O. , Mikheev K.G. , Veselov A.A. , Fomenko V.D.
Published: December 2022

Increase in the service life and noise reduction in pumps is an important area in modern pump engineering. An attempt was made to introduce conjugate calculations in verifying correct operation of the mathematical model as the first step and identifying the main oscillation frequencies of the pump housing subsequently. The FSI interface was used in conjugate calculations at the boundary between liquid and solid media. The obtained oscillation signals were analyzed using the Fourier analysis to identify the main parasitic frequencies in the pump. It was expected that the main parasitic frequency would be the blade frequency. As a result of calculations, it became possible to verify correct operation of the mathematical model by applying it to the simplest model of a glass, which behavior could be easily explained. The mathematical model was tested on cantilever and multistage pumps, demonstrated good results and made it possible to establish that blade frequency was the main oscillation frequency.
Comparative evaluation of tribotechnical characteristics of the W-S-N and W-S-C composition combined solid lubricating coatings of magnetron application for the normal atmospheric conditions
Authors: Khopin P.N.
Published: December 2022

A method was developed and implemented in regard to solid lubricating coatings (SLC) of the magnetron type for recalculating the specific wear intensity of the foreign-made friction pairs operating according to the ball-plane scheme of reverse and rotational motions to the linear wear intensity of friction interfaces with the SLC recommended for tribocouples according to the domestic standard. It was established that, compared with the VNII NP 212 SLC of suspension application, wear intensity of the combined SLC of magnetron application was higher: by 60–125 times for the W-S-C composition and by 40–63 times for the W-S-N composition. In the steady state, the W-S-N SLC had a higher friction coefficient than that of the VNII NP 212 SLC. In general, the W-S-C SLC antifriction characteristics were lower than those of the VNII NP 212 SLC, except for the D 4-38 SLC.
Dynamic characteristics and adjustment of vibration isolators using the bilinear hysteresis
Authors: Radin V.P. , Poznyak E.V. , Chirkov V.P. , Novikova O.V.
Published: December 2022

The paper considers dynamic characteristics of a vibration protection device with bilinear deformation diagram and hysteresis behavior as part of a system with one degree of freedom. Based on results of the numerical simulation of the system’s response to harmonic effects, the amplitude-frequency characteristics (AFC) of relative displacements and absolute accelerations were constructed. AFC dependences on the limiting elastic displacement and the ratio of the diagram sections stiffness were studied. Based on the AFC, best parameters of a bilinear vibration isolator were determined to reduce the system dynamic response; besides, the nonlinear system resonant frequencies and the damping frequency regions were found.
Quantitative assessments of pupillary light reflexes in neurocritically ill patients
Authors: Kim Tae Jung
Published: December 2022

The pupillary light reflex (PLR) is a component of bedside neurological examinations in neurological intensive care units (neuroICUs). A quantitative pupillometer provides a non-invasive and objective pupil reactivity parameter clinically significant for changes in PLR in neuroICUs. This article reviews the physiology and importance of the PLR and the parameters of quantitative pupillometers. Moreover, this review discusses the clinical applications of quantitative pupillometers for post-cardiac arrest prognostication and monitoring of elevated intracranial pressure and neurological worsening in stroke, seizures, and other neurological diseases in the neuroICU. Quantitative pupillometry is a routine part of neurological examinations and an important monitoring tool for neurological diseases in neuroICUs.
Socialist/Postsocialist Studies and the Global Left
Authors: Todorova Miglena S.
Published: December 2022

This commentary addresses the marginal presense of authors, subjects, and issues focused on former socialist countries in Eastern and Central Europe, the Balkans and the former Soviet Union in "socialist studies" produced in Western English-language based academic journals, as well as the so-called "global political Left" these publications support. The commentary suggests that the gap is epistemological, emotional, and serving to protect conversations about "socialsim" from the deep critique and interogation of socialist theories, utopias, and practices generated in the emerging field of "postsocialist studies" originating in former socialist states and societies assocaited with a geopolitical "East."
Effect of Fermentation Period on Alcohol Content, pH, TSS and Titrable Acidity during Microbial Processing of Coconut Water for the Development of Coconut Wine
Authors: Jagadeesh U. , Mythra R. , Prathima M.N. , Bhagyashree K.B. , Ashoka S. , Srikanth G.S. , Suvarna V.C.
Published: December 2022

Background: Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the important yeast found to be superior in the fermentation technology. Methods: The present study was undertaken to study the periodical changes in TSS, pH, acidity and alcohol content during the fermentation process of wine preparation from coconut water. With different TSS levels (7, 9, 11 and 13°Brix) adjusted with sugar and 9°Brix was the optimized sugar level. Result: TSS in wine was constantly reduced until fermentation was complete. Though the TSS reduced significantly during the first stage of fermentation, it continued to decline at a considerably slower rate until the fermentation was complete. It was observed that the TSS level does not affect the pH of coconut wine, but pH decreased with the increase in fermentation period because of increase in titrable acidity and alcohol. It was also noticed that the titratable acidity was found least at 6th day and maximum at 12th day, titratable acidity increased as fermentation progressed which was consistent with the fall in pH. The higher the TSS levels yields high titratable acidity during fermentation. Immediately after inoculation, the yeast count rises sharply on the first day of fermentation. It then tends to rise drastically till the third day, after which the yeast count is found to have declined until the end of fermentation. The coconut wine was prepared from coconut water added with sucrose as a source of sugar. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (MTCC 171) was used as reference strain and yeast isolate BRYI-1 produced the best results of alcohol content and sensory characteristics when compared to reference yeast strain.
Solution Of Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem For A Food Delivery Company With Heuristic Methods
Authors: TOK Nurhayat , ÖZKAR Şerife
Published: December 2022

A food delivery company operates in Balıkesir performs to the distribution for the products of a certain brand from the central warehouse to the customers located in the central districts of Altıeylül and Karesi by using two vehicles with high capacity. The company visits customers on certain routes to meet their daily demands and is able to meet all demands at the end of the day. In this study, the distribution of the company's products was considered as a Vehicle Routing Problem, and it was aimed to reconstruct the distribution routes of the vehicles with the help of various algorithms and to provide cost savings in terms of the distance traveled. In order to solve the problem, first of all, an appropriate capacity assumption was made for the vehicles by considering the daily demand amounts of the customers. Under this assumption, first new customer groups to be visited in daily periods were created, and then new routes were obtained for the relevant customer groups. In this process, the problem was designed as a Capacity Constrained Vehicle Routing Problem, and the results obtained using Fisher and Jaikumar's Algorithm and Clarke and Wright's Savings Algorithm were evaluated. When the results obtained are compared with the current route status of the company, it has been determined that it is possible to achieve a high rate of improvement by using the routes determined by algorithms.
The history of education in the Vilna Territory in the memorandum of S.F. Platonov
Authors: Mitrofanov Viktor V.
Published: December 2022

The goal is to introduce into scientific circulation a valuable archival document that has the status of an official note. Procedure and methods: retrospective allowed to create a picture of the state of education in the Vilna region at the end of the 19th century, to trace the trends of its development, starting from antiquity. Chronological – helps to highlight the main stages in the development of education. The author of the note rightly considers the transformations of Peter the Great to be the milestone in its development. System analysis allows us to highlight the negative features of the development of education in a specific region of Russia and the lack of measures taken by officials to organize purposeful work. The most important idea, the relevance of which is difficult to overestimate in our time, is emphasized – about the interdependence of education and people's self-consciousness. Unfortunately, the processes of Polonization and Catholicization were not opposed by new ideological attitudes within the Russian Empire.
Czech-Slovak Corps and the Bolsheviks in the spring of 1918
Authors: Mironov Vladimir V. , Salnikov Pavel E.
Published: December 2022

May 1918 is a turning point in the relationship between the Bolsheviks and the Czech-Slovak Corps. The events that have taken place will lead to the outbreak of a Civil war in Russia, which will take millions of lives. The study of these events currently continues to remain relevant, caused by the appearance of new documents. The Chelyabinsk incident and the organized mutiny of the corps that broke out after it on May 25 were the final stage of relations between the two sides, which began to develop even before the events of October 1917. There is still no exact answer in the scientific community as to what exactly caused the mutiny. The importance and relevance of the study is due to the study of the role of factors affecting the relationship between the two forces, as well as those that made the conflict between them inevitable, in addition, new documents have been attracted that will help give a clear answer to this question. A quantitative analysis of documents and directives prepared by both the Bolsheviks and the political leadership of the Czechoslovak National Council was carried out. The influence of the Brest Peace on the relations of the two forces and its perception by the leaders of the Czechoslovak National Council and the commanders of the Czech-Slovak Corps is analyzed. The main purpose of the study is a detailed analysis of the events of May 1918. The analysis of the “Chelyabinsk incident of May 14, 1918” and its consequences is carried out. It was proved that the mutiny of the corps was a pre-planned action organized by the commanders of the Czech divisions. It is concluded that the signing of the Brest Peace with the Central Powers was a critical moment in the relations between the Bolsheviks and the Czech-Slovak Corps, after which an armed conflict between the two forces became inevitable.
Development of the skills of foreign language writing in high school students on the basis of a personality-oriented approach
Authors: Popova Svetlana V. , Karandeeva Lyudmila G.
Published: December 2022

The necessity of developing the skills of foreign language writing in high school students based on a personality-oriented approach and the principles of self-actualization, individualization, subjectivity, choice, creativity and success, trust and support is substantiated. The specificity of written speech is considered in comparison with oral speech based on the analysis of the literature of well-known psychologists, linguists, methodologists in the field of teaching foreign languages. Groups of skills (cognitive-pragmatic, logical and rhetorical) are defined. The developed system of exercises is implemented in three stages. At the preparatory stage, there is an activation of the students’ knowledge on the topic, familiarization with new material and the beginning of the development of cognitive-pragmatic, logical and rhetorical skills. At the training stage, the development of logical and cognitive-pragmatic skills continues, as well as exercises for the development of rhetorical skills, with a gradual increase in students’ independence in completing tasks. The main goal of these stages is to write an essay in English.
Formation of tolerance among rural youth to persons with disabilities based on Olympic values (on the example of the Special Olympics movement)
Authors: Begidova Tamara P. , Budanova Natalya A.
Published: December 2022

The difficulties that arise in the formation of tolerant relationships among the rural youth and people with disabilities on the basis of the municipality of the village of Ermolovka and the House of Culture of the Liskinsky district of the Voronezh region are analyzed. The purpose of the study: the formation of respectful relationships between the rural youth, namely to persons with disabilities and the identification of effective forms of work by means of physical culture and sports with the use of Olympic values. Research objectives: 1) provide information to the younger generation of the village about Olympic values, adaptive sports and the movement of the Special Olympics; 2) identify highly effective means, forms and methods of tolerant relationship of young rurals to people with disabilities using Olympic values; 3) to develop and experimentally substantiate the method of applying various organizational and methodical ways and methods to increase the level of knowledge on Olympic education of the younger generation, their respectful attitude to persons with disabilities and involvement in the field of physical culture and sports. The study revealed that as a result of the purposeful use of Olympic education funds, the level of tolerant relationship between young rurals and people with disabilities has increased, and there has also been a big jump in the interest of the rural young generation in physical education and a healthy lifestyle.
Reservoir characteristics and diagenesis of the Buntsandstein sandstones in the Campine Basin (NE Belgium)
Authors: BERTIER PIETER , SWENNEN RUDY , KEMPS RAYMOND , LAENEN BEN , DREESEN ROLAND
Published: December 2022

The red beds of the Buntsandstein (Early Triassic) in the Campine Basin (NE Belgium) display porosities between 5.3–20.2% (average 13.7%) and permeabilities varying between 0.02–296.4 mD (average 38.7 mD). Knowledge of their reservoir controlling properties, which today are missing, is important in view of potential geological storage of CO2 or natural gas and geothermal reservoir potential within these sandstones. Therefore the effects of diagenesis were assessed based on petrography, stable isotope analyses, fluid inclusion microthermometry, X-ray diffraction, electron microprobe and porosity-permeability core analyses. These sandstones were deposited by a dryland river system, in a warm, mostly arid climate with episodic rainfall and high evaporation rates. During wetter periods especially feldspars were dissolved. Strong evaporation during dry periods led to reprecipitation of the dissolved species as K-feldspar and quartz overgrowths, smectite and calcite/dolomite. Sediment reworking resulted in framework grains becoming clay coated. The clay coats are better developed in finer than in coarser grained sediments. The original smectite composing the rims converted to illite during burial. The tangential orientation of the clay platelets in the rims led to illite-mica-induced dissolution of quartz during burial/compaction, which is manifested as bedding parallel dissolution seams that are filled with clays and micas, especially in the fine-grained sandstone/siltstone/claystone. These constitute important barriers to the vertical flow within the reservoir. The released silica did not really affect the red sandstones but was exported (often on mm to cm scale) to nearby bleached horizons, where nucleation inhibiting clay rims are less well developed. The red colour of the sandstones arises from the presence of small amounts of Fe-oxides in the inherited clay rims. Migration of fluids enriched in organic acids, expelled from underlying Carboniferous coal-bearing strata, resulted in local bleaching of coarser grained horizons. In the finer grained sediments, the red colour was mostly preserved, which suggests that the reductive capacity of the fluid was limited.
Moving online: using Zoom and combined audiovisual translation tasks to teach foreign languages to children
Authors: Nicora Francesca
Published: December 2022

Este artículo explora la estructura de un curso de idiomas basado en Traducción Audiovisual (TAV) con el objetivo de adecuarlo para su impartición a niños en un entorno virtual. Dado el potencial de los programas audiovisuales, ricos en información contextualizada, las varias prácticas de TAV se presentan como herramientas poderosas para mantener un nivel alto de motivación entre los discentes, promover su bienestar y facilitar la adquisición de la lengua extranjera. No obstante, el uso de la TAV en estos contextos ha recibido escasa atención y son pocos los estudios realizados con estudiantes jóvenes. No sorprende, pues, que escaseen los recursos didácticos para profesores y que estos informen de dificultades a la hora de gestionar entornos virtuales y de diseñar experiencias efectivas de aprendizaje, especialmente durante el periodo de la pandemia. Presentamos aquí el primer estudio en el que se evalúan las percepciones de los niños sobre el uso tanto de Zoom como de tareas basadas en TAV a la hora de aprender el italiano de manera virtual. Dos años después de que se implementara en su formato inicial híbrido, el curso Impariamo coi cartoni! Learning Italian by captioning and revoicing cartoons, impartido como parte del programa Youth Academy en la Universidad de Galway, Irlanda, se reestructuró para adecuarlo a un entorno virtual. El curso, de 6 semanas de duración, se impartió tres veces, a un total de 38 niños de edades comprendidas entre los 9 y los 12 años. Se han recopilado datos a través de una encuesta y una entrevista realizadas al final del módulo así como observaciones recogidas durante las clases. Los resultados demuestran la valía de un curso de idiomas con enfoque en TAV impartido a niños en un entorno virtual. Su actitud es positiva en relación tanto con la plataforma Zoom como con las dos modalidades de TAV. Los participantes expresan preferencia por el locutado de las traducciones que ven como una actividad colaborativa síncrona, realizada en línea, que combate el aislamiento y promueve la sociabilidad. Su opinión sobre el subtitulado es que es una tarea más difícil, aunque algunos disfrutaron con sus experimentos como aprendices independientes remotos. Los resultados revelan que los niños son capaces de utilizar el software Aegisub de manera autónoma, aunque también necesitan el apoyo de sus progenitores en casa. Los beneficios y retos identificados durante el proceso de aprendizaje han sido esenciales a la hora de formular recomendaciones para profesores y señalan la necesidad de realizar más investigación sobre la TAV en contextos educativos tempranos.
Experiencias de futuros maestros de una segunda lengua con ESP / EFE en ámbitos culturales en México
Authors: Zimányi Krisztina , Marzin Emily , Anne Houde Patricia Marie
Published: December 2022

La Licenciatura en la Enseñanza del Español como Segunda Lengua (LEES) y la Licenciatura en la Enseñanza del Inglés (LEI) de la Universidad de [xxx] prepara a futuros docentes para impartir clases en una lengua extranjera / segunda lengua (L2). Tres egresados de dichos programas realizaron una investigación-acción sobre las clases de inglés (ESP por sus siglas en inglés) o español para fines específicos (EFE por sus siglas en español) que enseñaban a alumnos de baile, música y literatura, como parte de su proyecto de titulación. El objetivo principal del presente estudio es explorar sus experiencias docentes con respecto a sus reflexiones sobre el diseño e implementación de los cursos. El análisis temático de los datos arrojados por medio de entrevistas profundas semiestructuradas reveló que, aparte que los participantes disfrutaron la impartición las sesiones por su propia afinidad con los ámbitos donde se desempeñaron, las licenciaturas se podrían beneficiar de incluir una asignatura enfocada en el área de la enseñanza de una L2 para fines específicos.
Quality of Water Sources, Sanitation, and Hygiene in Households with Stunted Children in Rural and Urban Areas in West Java
Authors: Nurhidayati Vieta Annisa , Riyadi Hadi
Published: December 2022

Background: The quality of water sources, sanitation, and hygiene have long been associated with the incidence of stunting in a household. Various studies show that this is also influenced by differences in access to water, sanitation, and hygiene in rural and urban areas.
Objectives: This study aims to determine the condition of the quality of water sources, sanitation, and hygiene in household with stunted children under five in rural and urban areas.
Methods: The study was conducted in June 2022 using cross-sectional method to 96 household with stunted children under five that were selected by systematic random sampling in Cianjur District and Sukabumi City. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Descriptive analysis and bivariate analysis were conducted to determine the distribution of use of water sources, sanitation facilities, and hygiene practices in household with stunted children under five based on the categories of improved sanitation facilities and drinking-water sources by World Health Organization and its differences in rural and urban areas.
Results: The sources of drinking and cooking water used by the household with stunted children under five have been entirely improved sources. Most of the households in both areas had defecation facilities used only by household members. There were significant differences in the type of fecal waste disposal in household with stunted children under five in rural and urban areas. Majority of households in rural area (70.0%) already used septic tank for fecal waste disposal while majority of households in urban area (65.2%) disposed their fecal waste to river/lake/sea. Mothers’ handwashing practice at critical time were all above 80%, but only 33.6% of the households had separate handwashing facility and only 50.0% of them provide soap for handwashing.
Conclusions: Based on the results, it is known that household with stunted children in rural and urban areas have used proper drinking water sources and have good hygiene practices. However, fecal disposal facilities in urban areas with high prevalence of stunting need to be improved as an effort to reduce stunting prevalence.
Kandungan Gula Dalam Minuman Teh Susu Dengan Topping Boba
Authors: Trifosa Veronica Mayrlnn , Ilmi Ibnu Malkan Bakhrul , Crosita Octaria Yessi
Published: December 2022

Latar Belakang: Prevalensi kegemukan dan obesitas terus meningkat pada semua kelompok umur di Indonesia, peningkatan ini sejalan dengan peningkatan prevalensi penyakit tidak menular kronis. Sementara di sisi lain konsumsi minuman manis sebagai faktor risiko penting juga meningkat drastic. Sebagai contoh, konsumsi teh susu meningkat pesat hingga 8500% sejak 2018.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kandungan gula dalam minuman jenis ini.

Metode: Analisis kadar gula (fruktosa, glukosa, sukrosa) dilakukan dengan metode high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) dan analisis kalori total diperoleh dengan menjumlahkan kalori dari komponen protein, lemak, karbohidrat atau dengan metode perhitungan.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minuman teh susu dengan topping boba yang diuji memiliki kandungan gula dan kalori yang tinggi. Satu gelas besar boba milk tea mengandung 47,21 gram gula (glukosa, fruktosa, sukrosa) dan 675 kkal kalori.

Kesimpulan: Minuman boba milk tea mengandung tinggi gula dan kalori
Faktor Risiko Stunting pada 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan
Authors: Mulyasari Indri , Jatiningrum Asti , Setyani Arum Putri , Kurnia Raden Roro Susanti Septi
Published: December 2022

Latar Belakang: Desa Kebonagung merupakan salah satu lokasi fokus stunting di Kabupaten Semarang. Stunting dipengaruhi oleh faktor risiko yang terjadi di 1000 hari pertama kehidupan.  
Tujuan: mengetahui peningkatan risiko stunting pada batita berdasarkan lingkar lengan atas (LILA) Ibu di awal kehamilan, status anemia ibu di trimester III, berat badan lahir, dan panjang badan lahir.
Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan kohort retrospektif. Populasi adalah batita usia 12-35 bulan di Desa Kebonagung Kecamatan Sumowono Kabupaten Semarang. Sampel 71 batita yang diperoleh dengan teknik total sampling. Data LILA ibu, status anemia ibu, berat badan lahir, dan panjang badan lahir diperoleh dari buku KIA subjek. Data stunting diperoleh dengan melakukan pengukuran antropometri gizi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menghitung risiko relatif (RR). 
Hasil: Subjek yang mengalami stunting 18 (23.35%) batita. Ibu batita yang berisiko KEK di awal kehamilan 18 (25.35%) dan yang mengalami anemia di trimester III kehamilan 18 (25.35%). Batita yang mengalami berat badan lahir rendah(BBLR) 10 (14.08%) subjek dan yang pendek pada saat lahir 12 (16.90%) subjek. Ukuran LILA yang kurang dari normal, kadar Hb yang rendah di trimester III kehamilan dan BBLR meningkatkan risiko terjadinya stunting pada saat batita (RR=1.87; RR=1.47; RR=1.22). Panjang badan lahir yang pendek tidak meningkatkan risiko terjadinya stunting (RR=0.87).
Kesimpulan: Status gizi ibu pada saat kehamilan dan bayi di awal kehidupannya dapat mempengaruhi terjadinya stunting sehingga perlu adanya program pencegahan stunting di fase 1000 hari pertama kehidupan.
ANTE-NATAL CARE (ANC) VISITS, DIVERSITY OF FOOD CONSUMPTION, HB LEVELS OF PREGNANT MOTHERS AND NEWBORN WEIGHT, LENGTH DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Wahyuni Yulia , Lubis Mifthah Muliani , Martaulina Jelita
Published: December 2022

Latar Belakang: pandemi covid-19 merupakan masa dimana terjadi pembatasan kegiatan masyarakat untuk meminimalisir penularan virus covid-19. Salah satunya dalam pelayanan maternal dan neonatal. Dampak lainnya adalah sumber pendapatan masyarakat berkurang yang mempengaruhi kemampuan masyarakat dalam ketersedian bahan pangan. Kurangnya pemantauan kesehatan dan asupan inadekuat pada saat hamil berdampak pada berat badan dan panjang badan bayi baru lahir.
Tujuan: mengetahui hubungan antara frekuensi kunjungan antenatal care, keragaman konsumsi pangan dan kadar hb ibu hamil dengan berat badan dan panjang bayi baru lahir pada ibu hamil Di Klinik Kehamilan Sehat Duren Sawit Tahun 2021.
Metode : Desain penelitian adalah observasi analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampling yang digunakan adalah proportionate random sampling  sehingga memperoleh  60 responden ibu hamil dan 60 bayi baru lahir. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner ANC, Dietary Diversity Score (DDS), easy touch hb,timbangan bayi dan infantometer board.
Hasil: Terdapat 40% ibu hamil kunjungan ANCnya tidak lengkap, keragaman konsumsi baik sebanyak 60%, sedang 15% dan kurang 25%. Kadar hb ibu hamil trimester III tergolong normal sebanyak 75 % dan 15% tergolong anemia. BBL bayi 95% normal dan 5 % tergolong BBLR. Rerata panjang badan bayi baru lahir 48,25 cm. Berdasarkan uji statistik rank spearman
menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara keragaman konsumsi pangan, kadar HB dengan BBL (p=0,015),(p=0,001) dengan nilai r=(0,46 dan 0,52 );dan tidak ada hubungan antara kunjungan ANC dengan  BBL (p=0,79). Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar HB dengan panjang PBL (p=0,001) dengan r=0,57 dan tidak ada hubungan antara kunjungan ANC dan keragaman konsumsi pangan dengan PBL
 
Kesimpulan: kunjungan ANC berhubungan signifikan dengan BBL namun tidak berhubungan dengan PBL, keragaman konsumsi pangan ibu hamil berhubungan signifikan dengan BBL namun tidak berhubungan dengan PBL. Kadar Hb ibu hamil berhubungan signifikan dengan BBL dan PBL
Modifikasi Labu Kuning (Curcubita moschata) pada Permen Gummy Jelly sebagai Camilan Tinggi Vitamin A untuk Anak Stunting
Authors: Sa'adah Robi'atun Wulandari , Silvia Sinta
Published: December 2022

Latar Belakang: Labu kuning merupakan salah satu jenis sayuran sumber vitamin A. Labu kuning dapat diolah menjadi permen gummy jelly sebagai camilan yang memiliki kandungan vitamin A yang tinggi.
Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis daya terima, kadar zat gizi makro dan vitamin A pada permen gummy jelly dengan modifikasi labu kuning sebagai camilan tinggi vitamin A untuk membantu memperbaiki gizi anak stunting pada masa usia sekolah.
Metode: Jenis penelitian ini yaitu eksperimental murni dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Terdapat 3 formula dengan 3 kali pengulangan, yaitu F0 (0 g labu kuning), F1 (80 g labu kuning yang terdiri dari 30 g sari labu dan 50 g puree labu), dan F2 (160 g labu kuning yang terdiri dari 60 g sari labu dan 100 g puree labu). Jumlah panelis pada penelitian ini adalah 15 orang yang terdiri dari 3 panelis terlatih dan 12 panelis semi terlatih. 
Hasil: Berdasarkan uji daya terima formula yang paling disukai panelis yaitu formula F1 (30 g sari labu dan 50 g puree labu). Kandungan protein dan vitamin A pada permen per takaran saji (40 g) yaitu 20,5 g  dan 37,75 mcg. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada karakteristik rasa antara F0 dan F2 (p=0,033) serta antara F1 dan F2 (p=0,007).
Kesimpulan: Formula dengan daya terima tertinggi yaitu F1. Per 40 g permen dapat mencukupi 10-15% kebutuhan protein dan vitamin A pada anak usia 7-12 tahun.
Asupan Zat Besi, Vitamin C, Pengetahuan Gizi Kaitannya dengan Kejadian Anemia Remaja Putri di Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Dewi Agil Dhiemitra Aulia , Fauzia Faurina Risca , Astuti Tri Dyah
Published: December 2022

Latar belakang: Bantul menduduki peringkat kedua anemia di DIY. Remaja putri beresiko sepuluh kali lebih besar anemia dibandingkan remaja putra, karena setiap bulan mengalami perdarahan menstruasi, rendahnya asupan zat besi dan protein, status gizi, serta kurang pengetahuan tentang anemia defisiensi besi. Anemia remaja juga disebabkan kurangnya pengetahuan tentang asupan gizi seimbang.
Tujuan penelitian: peneliti ingin mengetahui hubungan asupan zat besi, vitamin C, status gizi, dan pengetahuan gizi terhadap anemia remaja putri di Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Metode Penelitian: Penelitian observasional rancangan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan cluster random sampling. Kluster yang terpilih acak untuk diteliti sebanyak 6 dari 17 kecamatan, yaitu Sewon, Bantul, Kasihan, Banguntapan, Jetis, dan Pundong. Di setiap kluster kecamatan terpilih 5 SMA dan 3 SMP secara acak. Penelitian dilakukan di SMP dan SMA Bantul pada remaja putri usia 13-18 tahun dari bulan Januari sampai dengan September 2022 dengan besar sampel 186 orang. Data primer terdiri dari asupan Fe, Vitamin C diperoleh dengan semi-Food Frequency Questionnaire, pengetahuan gizi dengan kuesioner,  status gizi dengan pengukuran antropometri (IMT/U) dan kadar Hb dengan tes darah kapiler (rapid test). Data kemudian diuji statistik menggunakan software STATA dengan Uji Korelasi.
Hasil: Diperoleh 186 responden dengan  36 (19,35%) responden mengalami anemia, 150 (80,65%) tidak anemia. Asupan Fe rata-rata responden per hari 22,46 mg, asupan vitamin C rata-rata perhari adalah 68,84 mg, dan responden dengan pengetahuan gizi baik sebanyak 71 orang , pengetahuan kurang baik 115 orang. Asupan Fe, Vitamin C, dan Pengetahuan Gizi tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian anemia remaja putri di Bantul, DIY.
Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara Asupan Fe, Vitamin C, dan Pengetahuan Gizi tidak dengan kejadian anemia remaja putri di Bantul, DIY namun penting untuk diperhatikan terkait asupan Fe dan vitamin C harian remaja.