bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adoption of Digitalization Tools for Accounting Purposes by SMEs in Tubah Sub Division
Authors:   Department of Banking and Finance, Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences, University of Bamenda, Guilaire Dadem Kemgou Edouard , Shillie Peter Ngek ,   Department of Agribusiness Technology, College of Technology, the University of Bamenda, Sengla Dorine Neitebef ,   Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences, the University of Bamenda,   Manetsa eloge lord, Department of Finance-Accounting, Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences, the University of Dschang
Published: April 2022

The purpose of the study was to access the adoption of digitalization tools for accounting purposes by SMEs in Tubah Sub Divsion. Research questions were answered by formulating a set of hypotheses. A quantitative approach was used. Relevant data was collected through structured questionnaire. Subjects for the study consisted of 60 business men selected from the villages that make Tubah Sub Division. The questionnaire was distributed to business men of the locality. SPSS version 26 and Microsoft Excel 2019 has been used to for data analysis. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. The statistical tools were aligned with the objective of the research. For this purpose, cluster bar charts and percentages were computed and substantively interpreted. Inferential statistics like Pearson product correlation coefficient (r) and linear regression were used to determine if there is a significant positive relationship existed between the independent variables (basic accounting software, invoicing software and business bank account) and dependent variables (accounting purposes). Analysis and interpretations were made at 0.05 level of significance. The hypotheses were tested using linear regression which gave a coefficient of determinant (adjusted R2of 0.946) indicating that 94.6% Change in accounting purposes is cause by digitalization tools. Given the fact that the probability corresponding to the F value is 0.001, it means that we would be taking a 0.01% risk in assuming that the null hypothesis (digitalization tools does not have a significant effect on the accounting purposes of SMEs in Tubah Sub Division) is wrong. The study concluded that digitalization tools has important effect on accounting purposes. Therefore, it was recommended that SMEs should try to improve on their information technology since it is capable of contributing positively to the accounting information system.
Study on the Region Economy in Iceland
Authors: Wang Jiayi
Published: April 2022

Iceland is a country always affected by the world situation on its economy. They have faced a lot of economic crisis with high debt rate. However, after Iceland move their focus on region economy, they achieve a significant success on their economy and get a big improvement on their debt. This essay tries to discover how region economy benefit on Iceland and how it saves the Iceland.
Analysis and Research on Financial Management Innovation in the Era of Big Data
Authors: Tao Huilin
Published: April 2022

The era of big data Internet technology has arrived, and big data has had an important impact on corporate financial management. Enterprises should seize new opportunities, and enterprises should change their financial management methods and improve their financial management levels. The author of this paper puts forward the significance of the big data era to financial management innovation. The author of this paper analyzes and discusses the challenges faced by financial management innovation in the big data era. The author of this paper combines his own study and work practice. measures.
Research on Mathematical Model of Balancing the Interests of All Parties in Food Delivery
Authors: Wan Ye
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we study the delivery order pattern of take-out riders in Chinese society, adopt a time window function to give a reward and punishment measure for the complete quality of riders under various factors, and adopt hierarchical analysis to obtain and quantify the degree of influence of different factors on delivery, and get the commission scheme design so that the riders can get the maximum commission. Then, from the perspective of game theory, we establish a two-stage game model under the non-cooperative game, with the first stage of the game being the takeaway demand realizer and the second stage of the game being the takeaway demander and the contacting platform, and finally select a win-win solution with a balanced game. Finally, the pricing model proposed in the previous paper is optimized iteratively, considering the addition of long-distance as well as cross-regional distance quantification factors, and considering the case of dedicated personnel working exclusively. This paper proposes an equilibrium state for the four ends of the platform, merchants, consumers, and riders, and proposes a cross-regional and long-distance delivery scheme with certain feasibility, giving the platform and riders the possibility to expand the sales area and delivery area.
The history and present of Chinese SOE reform
Authors: Ji Chu
Published: April 2022

The SOE reforms are pivot for Chinese economy. The future success of Chinese economy relies on the government’s ability to deepen SOE reforms today. Over forty years of SOE reforms have mitigated the unanimity problem, improved SOE efficiencies, and elucidated the relationship between SOE and the government. Even though misallocation, excessive social burdens, and bureaucratic culture within SOEs still exist, this reform has achieved staged success. The success originates from a strong and consistent government leadership, but future reforms can also go astray because of the overly centralized power. This paper summarizes the overview of China's planned economy and analyzes the reform measures of the leaders in different periods respectively.
Study on ESG and Trade Credit Financing
Authors: Xu Rongjun
Published: April 2022

This paper investigates the effect of Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) rating on corporations’ trade credit financing. Using a sample of 1235 Chinese companies, we find that those with higher ESG ratings perform better in raising trade credit financing. In addition, the positive relationship between ESG rating and trade credit financing is more pronounced in big and non-state-owned firms. The study's central message is that ESG plays an essential role in predicting trade credit financing. Hence, it should not be ignored while considering firms’ expenditure, especially for big and non-state-owned firms.
Analysis of the factors influencing the immersion experience of video art expression in slow-paced food short videos for audiences in Chinese first-tier cities
Authors: He Jiayuan
Published: April 2022

With the rapid development of society, slow-paced food videos are becoming more and more popular among people living in fast-paced first-tier cities. They are taking the time to watch this kind of video to immerse themselves in it for solace. For video creators, How to immerse the audience in the video is the fundamental problem they have been studying. This study is based on the questionnaire method and the regression analysis. The critical contribution of this work is the verification of the form of visual presentation, which creators frequently use in slow-paced food videos. The factors affecting the audience's immersion experience in low-paced food short videos are sorted into three types: time-lapse photography multi-angle camera editing and slow editing. All three are prominent and easy to capture in images, which generate emotional feelings for the audience. In addition, the current user needs are mainly curiosity and mental comfort. Besides, sensory immersion is the main way to immerse.
Economic and legal analysis of state-owned assets management based on the global economic crisis
Authors: He Huan
Published: April 2022

The traditional research on the management of state-owned assets is based on two premises: the ownership of state-owned assets by the whole people and the existence of principal-agent relationship. After in-depth analysis, it can be seen that the principal-agent relationship between citizens and the government does not exist, and the relationship between them is more in line with the elements of apparent agency or non cause management, which can be regarded as the relationship of apparent agency or non cause management. State regulation is not only to make up for market defects, but also to correct the mistakes of state regulation in the past. Economic law is the means of legalization of state regulation. Market Regulation, State Direct Investment Management and macro-guidance are the “Three ways of state regulation”, and the corresponding “Three components of economic law system”. For the use and management of state-owned assets, in addition to the managers being able to have higher ideological awareness and self-discipline, there should also be corresponding economic laws that explicitly regulate the management of state-owned assets, ensuring the use of state-owned assets is the purpose of serving the whole people. The World Financial Crisis reminds us of the urgent need to strengthen the legal system of financial supervision, including the supervision of financial innovation, credit supervision, capital liquidity supervision and supervision system.
Overview of key technologies of human-computer interaction
Authors: Cheng Yuyang , Fang Benjamin , Lu Kai , Wei Xingyu , Wang Yifan , Yang Michael , Zhou Xingchen , Zhang Zhenrong
Published: April 2022

In the 21st century, computers are developing faster and faster. Human-computer interaction(HCL) is defined as a multidisciplinary field of study which focuses on the interaction between humans and computer technology. The advancement of HCL makes a great contribution to nowadays’ society as human beings gradually perceive themselves in a technological world that is in a time of high-speed development.The situation of human-computer interaction is becoming more and more common, and computers have more and more intelligent factors. The latest computer technology has been applied to various disciplines, which have developed rapidly and achieved remarkable research results. In this paper, we summarizes the core technologies involved in human-computer interaction (HCI), mainly including human-computer interaction psychology, flexible screen technology, target recognition and classification, and expounds the current situation and development trend of these technologies.
The Analysis of EMU as a Viable Common Currency Area
Authors: Fei Jiaming
Published: April 2022

The euro crisis has significantly influenced Europe's progress, but many experts continue to doubt the European Monetary Union's long-term viability. Those without independent monetary policy will be unable to support their economies through currency devaluation if an economic crisis occurs. Countries that are not experiencing a situation would also be affected. Overall, the EMU benefits individual countries while also benefiting the entire EU. Each nation has distinct benefits from utilizing the euro, notably during the financial crisis. A monetary union without a fiscal union would be a catastrophe, but a severe enough problem would motivate European countries to move closer together. The European Central Bank has also implemented a massive bond-buying program to keep borrowing rates low. The eurozone has been able to respond to the consequences of the coronavirus outbreak reasonably rapidly. The research conclusion of this paper indicates that during the euro's implementation, countries' cooperation and development should be bolstered, the issue of benefit-sharing should be thoroughly investigated, an exchange and cooperation mechanism between countries should be established under the unified currency system, and a community of interests should be established.
The Unique Characterization of the Shapley Value for Bi-cooperative Games
Authors: Wu Meirong , Wang Wenbo
Published: April 2022

The aim of the present paper is to study the unique characterization for bicooperative games. Shapley value is the expected marginal contribution of the alliance. We will introduce some properties for bicooperative games. Our first characterization is based on the classical axioms determining the Shapley value with the symmetry axiom replaced excluded null axiom. In our second axiomatization we use structural axiom and a zero excluded axiom instead of effective axiom in classical cooperative games. Finally, We provide here linearity, anonymity, dummy and efficiency and structural axioms to study a one-point solution concept for Bi-cooperative games.
Exploration on the Construction and Application of Big Data Investment Promotion Platform
Authors: Jiang Nan , Wang Ruijia , Huang Xiaohui
Published: April 2022

At present, the integration of new technology clusters represented by cloud computing, big data, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and 5G has undoubtedly provided new ideas for investment promotion in various regions, and the investment promotion mode supported by big data has become the "new favorite" of local governments to attract investment. The investment promotion model supported by big data has become the "new favorite" of local governments to attract investment. This investment promotion model is based on the whole scenario of investment promotion business, comprehensively solving the problems faced by local investment promotion work at this stage and promoting local investment promotion work into the intelligent era. This paper introduces the construction structure of the big data investment promotion platform, compares the current situation of the application of the big data investment promotion platform, and finally provides an outlook on the future development trend and constructively proposes three new initiatives, aiming to form a new mechanism of "government coordination and promotion, platform tracking services, and market-oriented operation and management" for intelligent investment promotion.
Research on Green Finance Development of Commercial Banks under the Background of “Double Carbon”
Authors: Duan Congcong , Han Li
Published: April 2022

In September 2020, General Secretary Xi Jinping clearly put forward to achieve “carbon peak” in 2030 and “carbon neutrality” in 2060. In recent years, he has proposed various policy guidelines to promote the realization of the goal. Based on the background of the “double carbon” goal, this paper explores the current situation of the development of green finance in commercial banks. Based on the SWOT analysis of commercial banks, it points out the opportunities and threats of the external environment, the advantages and disadvantages of the internal development of banks, and puts forward corresponding suggestions.
تأثير تمرينات بأستخدام أداة الكرة النابضية في تطوير دقة الضربة الأمامية والخلفية للاعبي تنس الكراسي
Authors: سمية رياض عزيز  , وداد كاظم
Published: April 2022

يهدف التدريب الرياضي بمفهومه العام ولجميع الالعاب الرياضية الى تحقيق افضل المستويات البدنية والمهارية في الرياضة الممارسة, وقد تطور مستوى الأداء في جميع الرياضات ومنها رياضة التنس الأرضي وخاصة المعاقين في الدول المتقدمة رياضيا والتي أصبح لها طابعا متميزا بالأداء في جميع النواحي البدنية والمهارية والفنية والمعرفية، وتعد الضربات الأمامية والخلفية بتنس الكراسي من المهارات الهامة المستخدمة ضد ارسال الفريق المنافس، وهي الخطوة الأولى لتكوين الهجوم الناجح وان أي خطأ يؤدي الى تسجيل نقطة وفوز الفريق المنافس بها، وتكمن مشكلة البحث بوجود ضعف في تنفيذ مهارات الاستقبال والمتمثل بالضربتين الأمامية والخلفية لذا ارتأت الباحثتان تشخيص مواطن الضعف في أداء الضربتين الأمامية والخلفية وأعداد الحلول المتمثلة بأعداد تمرينات بأستخدام أداة مصنعة من قبل الباحثتان تساعد على تدريب دقة الضربتين الأمامية والخلفية بتنس الكراسي، ومن أهداف الباحثتان اعداد تمرينات بأستخدام أداة الكرة النابضية المصنعة للاعبي تنس الكراسي، والتعرف الى تأثير التمرينات في تطوير دقة الضربة الامامية والخلفية للاعبي تنس الكراسي، حيث توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين نتائج الاختبارات القبلية والبعدية في دقة الضربة الأمامية والخلفية للاعبي تنس الكراسي ولصالح الاختبارات البعدية، استخدمت الباحثتان المنهج التجريبي ذو الاختبارات القبلية والبعدية وبتصميم المجموعة الواحدة، اما عينة البحث فهم لاعبو المنتخب الوطني المتقدمين لتنس الكراسي والبالغ عددهم (5) لاعبين طبقت عليهم التجربة الرئيسية للفترة من 2/1/2021 ولغاية 31/3/2021 بواقع (3) وحدات تدريبية في الاسبوع الواحد ولمدة (8) اسابيع وبمجموع (24) وحدة تدريبية حيث تم تطبيق التمرينات في القسم الرئيسي من الوحدة التدريبية واستنتجت الباحثتان ان لاستخدام أداة الكرة النابضية تأثير فعال في تطوير دقة أداء الضربة الأمامية والخلفية بتنس الكراسي، وتوصلت الباحثتان الى إجراء دراسات وبحوث أخرى عن استخدام العديد من الأدوات والوسائل التدريبية الحديثة وعلى فئات عمرية مختلفة، لما تحققه من مردود إيجابي في التطور المهاري
CULTURA BRASILEIRA E A DISSEMINAÇÃO DA COVID-19
Authors: Eigenstuhler Dyeniffer Packer
Published: April 2022

Este artigo tem o objetivo de examinar se a cultura nacional interfere na disseminação da pandemia da Covid-19 no Brasil. Metodologicamente, configura-se como uma pesquisa de natureza descritiva, realizada a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Quanto à abordagem do problema, a análise é qualitativa. A partir das discussões e observância das dimensões culturais de Hofstede que classificam e definem a cultura brasileira, é possível verificar que existe um forte indicador de que os traços culturais da população brasileira interferem e justificam os comportamentos que impactam e geram problemas no combate e controle da pandemia da Covid-19 no Brasil. Com uma cultura de maior distância do poder, coletivista, aversa à incerteza e complacente, a população costuma aceitar as desigualdades e pouco faz para minimizá-las, possuem uma baixa crença científica, o que incentiva o negacionismo e o compartilhamento de falsas informações. A aversão a incerteza indica a necessidade de muitas leis, porém ao mesmo tempo, reforçada pela cultura complacente, a população costuma não obedecer às regras, o que justifica vários comportamentos avessos às recomendações e normas para a prevenção e erradicação do vírus.
Sabun Cuci Tangan Cair dari Limbah Daun Galam (Melaleuca Cajuputi)
Authors: Azhari Muh , Yoga Lesmana Rudy
Published: April 2022

Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi biomassa limbah daun galam dan memberikan peluang untuk mengolah daun limbah menjadi sebuah usaha bagi masyarakat Kota Palangkaraya. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode demonstrasi pembuatan produk. sabun cair cuci tangan dari limbah daun galam dapat menjadi salah satu solusi mengatasi permasalahan lingkungan serta membuka peluang untuk mengolah daun limbah menjadi sebuah usaha.
The Possible 50ft Columns of the Pantheon Lost in Transit
Authors: Sik Roger
Published: April 2022

This paper investigates the transportation, labor, quarrying, and time expenses of the 50ft column shafts that possibly were ordered originally for the famous Pantheon in Rome, Italy. The Pantheon currently includes 40ft column shafts though there is evidence showing that it may have been meant for 50ft column shafts as other parts of the monument are set up as so for the insertion of it; for example, as seen when looking at the pediment, there is a second one three meters higher behind it, displaying that the pediment is thought to originally be supported by a larger portico, hence using larger column shafts. A plausible explanation for this is that the 50ft column shafts were the original choice, but were lost in transit while being transported from the quarries in Egypt to Rome. And due to the loss of such expensive labor costing components and likely imperial budget issues, there is an order of 40ft column shafts instead. Assuming that the explanation is true, calculations made using the works by those such as Wilson Jones, Simon Barker, Ben Russel, and Justin Leidwanger are found for comparisons, analyses, and conclusions. Through the evaluations and results, one can interpret the rather great effect the loss had on the entire project and the display of a sense of importance that the Pantheon has during the Hadrian reign and even now.
Sosialisasi Penyediaan Profil dan Potensi Desa Pada Website untuk Menunjang Efektifitas Perencanaan Pembangunan Desa
Authors: Rusdi Muhammad , Hermansyah Sam
Published: April 2022

Pada hakekatnya tujuan pembangunan suatu negara dilaksanakan untuk mensejahterakan masyarakat. Untuk mewujudkan tujuan tersebut dilaksanakan pembangunan nasional seutuhnya dan pembangunan masyarakat seluruhnya. Dalam merealisasikan tujuan pembangunan, maka segenap potensi alam harus digali, dikembangkan dan dimafaatkan sebaik-baiknya. Begitu pula dengan Potensi manusia berupa penduduk yang banyak jumlahnya harus ditingkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilannya sehingga, mampu menggali, mengembangkan dan memanfaatkan potensi alam secara maksimal, dan pelaksanaan program pembangunan tercapai.

Penyelenggaraan pemerintahan desa Bolu Timoreng dengan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (pengelolaan Website) akan menciptakan suatu sistem informasi dan komunikasi berbasis teknologi informasi. Website dapat menjadi wahana pertanggung jawaban pemerintah desa atas penyelenggaraan pemerintahan, dan dapat diajadikan sebagai wahana penyajian profil dan potensi desa. Sehingga pemerintah dalam menyusun perencanaan pembangunan dapat tercipta perencanaan pembangunan dari pemeritah desa yang lebih baik. Website Desa merupakan wujud nyata dari implementasi pengelolaan informasi dan sarana interaksi dengan warganya, mendorong partisipasi masyarakat dan memungkinkan terjadinya transaksi, kolaborasi dan transformasi informasi dan teknologi sehingga akan mengurangi kesenjangan digital dan mendorong peningkatan partisipasi masyarakat dalam penyusunan perencanaan pembangunan.

Pendataan Potensi desa di desa Bulo Timoreng dapat dikelolah ke dalam website, sehingga dihasilkan informasi penting berbasis wilayah untuk berbagai keperluan oleh berbagai pihak yang membutuhkan terutama profil dan Potensi desa digunakan untuk menyusun perencanaan pembangunan. Dengan melihat webside potensi desa pemerintah dapat merancanakan sebuah perencanan pembagunan dengan baik dan terarah.
Kedudukan Perempuan dalam Alkitab dan Masa Kini
Authors: Gaol Berlina Lumban
Published: April 2022

In the Genesis 1:27 " So God created the man was in the image of His, according to the image of God created His him ; male and female created His those " here means that God created the man both women and men with the same degree and according to the image of God, besides that also emphasizes that human beings are just as essential as the Creator . Equal or equivalent position and power, that is the intention of Allah. God's creation is not a sudden thought in the eternal past, God has a desire, a favor to get a universe in which He can fulfill its purpose. And humans were created to nurture and rule together . In another letter, Paul clearly says that there is no difference in status in Christ between a man and a woman. Abstrak: Di dalam Alkitab pada Kejadian 1:27 "Maka Allah menciptakan manusia itu menurut gambar-Nya, menurut gambar Allah diciptakan-Nya dia; laki-laki dan perempuan diciptakan-Nya mereka" disini berarti bahwa Allah menciptakan manusia baik perempuan dan laki-laki dengan derajat yang sama dan menurut gambar Allah, disamping itu juga menekankan bahwa manusia itu sama hakekat dengan Sang Pencipta.kedudukan dan kekuasaan yang setara atau sepadan, itu adalah maksud dari Allah. Penciptaan Allah bukanlah pemikiran yang tiba-tiba dalam kekekalan lampau Allah memiliki keinginan, perkenanan untuk mendapatkan suatu alam semesta dimana Dia dapat menggenapkan tujuannya. Dan manusia diciptakan untuk memelihara dan memerintah bersama-sama. Di suratnya yang lain, dengan jelas Paulus mengatakan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan status di dalam Kristus antara seorang pria dan seorang wanita.
APLIKASI TALENTA (MATIUS 25:14-30) DALAM MISI KRISTEN MELALUI MEDIA SOSIAL FACEBOOK
Authors: Niansari Ruth Madhu , M.Th. Jacob Arifan
Published: April 2022

Banyak orang Kristen enggan menggunakan talenta yang dimilikinya untuk misi Kristen melalui Facebook dikarenakan malu, gengsi dan takut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mencari arti talenta dalam Matius 25:14-30 dan menemukan aplikasinya dalam misi Kristen melalui media sosial Facebook. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kualitatif dengan kajian biblika dengan pendekatan analisis, buku-buku teologi. Juga studi kuantitatif dengan penyebaran angket. Eksposisi Matius 25:14-30 dipergunakan untuk menarik kesimpulan mengenai talenta di dalam Kitab Matius. Kemudian mengaplikasikannya dalam misi Kristen melalui media sosial Facebook. Hasil dari penelitian ini ialah talenta dalam misi Kristen melalui Facebook dipercayakan kepada pengerjaNya dengan menggunakan dasar pengajaran Injil Kristus. Talenta dalam misi Kristen melalui Facebook dipertanggung-jawabkan untuk memberitakan berita keselamatan. Talenta dalam misi Kristen melalui Facebook diberikan sesuai kesanggupan dan memiliki otoritas penuh namun sesuai dengan Undang-Undang ITE. Talenta dalam misi Kristen melalui Facebook memiliki waktu terbatas sehingga membutuhkan kreativitas. Dalam penelitian ini, talenta dapat diaplikasikan dalam misi Kristen melalui media sosial Facebook.
KONSEP PENYUCIAN DIRI MENURUT 2 KORINTUS 7:1
Authors: Halawa Upik
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Many people think that when they have accepted Christ as Savior they no longer need to purify themselves of worldly things. This study provides an explanation of the concept of self-purification according to 2 Corinthians 7:1. The method used in this discussion is a text analysis approach, which focuses on the text itself and compares it with other biblical texts. The results of the study show that self-purification is a separation from sin so that people who purify themselves put their hope in Christ just as Christ is holy. Those who do this sanctification will be continually renewed in Christ until they experience oneness or become like Christ.Abstrak. Banyak orang yang beranggapan ketika sudah menerima Kristus sebagai Juruselamat tidak lagi perlu untuk menyucikan diri dari hal-hal duniawi. Penelitian ini memberikan penjelasan tentang konsep penyucian diri menurut 2 Korintus 7:1. Metode yang digunakan dalam pembahasan ini adalah pendekatan analisis teks, yaitu fokus pada teks itu sendiri dan dikomparasikan dengan teks Alkitab lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penyucian diri sebagai pemisahan diri dari dosa sehingga orang menyucikan dirinya menaruh harapan kepada Kristus sama seperti Kristus adalah suci. Mereka yang melakukan penyucian ini akan semakin terus menerus diperbaharui di dalam Kristus sampai mengalami kemanunggalan atau menjadi serupa dengan Kristus.
PERGAULAN MENURUT AMSAL 17:17 SEBAGAI MAKHLUK SOSIAL DALAM KEBERSAMAAN
Authors: Kiawati Keli , M. Th Agus Prayitno
Published: April 2022

Association according to Proverbs 17:17 A friend loves at all times, and becomes a brother in adversity as a social being in togetherness. Association can be used to do good things, not bad things, everyone is a social being who cannot live alone, therefore, whether he wants to or not, he must continue to socialize. The purpose of good association is to add friends, respect each other, find information, because they are social beings, grow together, help each other, and so on. While the purpose of bad association is to take advantage of all means, bring down others, seek pleasure, debauchery, violate applicable rules. Good association will help to have friends. The benefits of having friends can help each other, relieve loneliness, there are those who give advice, remind each other, care, build each other up, trigger positive behavior and others. The strategies that are usually used in socializing to be friendly are having a sincere heart, being light-hearted, willing to listen to others, understanding needs, willing to start a conversation, not being offended quickly, understanding limits in acting, joking, and respecting the privacy of others. And instill a sense of caring, tolerance, and high social attitudes. Association can be used to apply love to others, love needs to be proven not just said. Through the association can form individual personalities, often encounter individuals who are influenced by their association. Therefore, this association is important to pay attention to, because if the association is damaged it will have a bad impact. togetherness can be built in social life by means of mutual cooperation, holding joint activities and so on to support intimacy.
Makna Berpacaran Yang Benar Menurut Kidung Agung 8:6
Authors: Firdaus Lylyan , M. Th Agus Prayitno
Published: April 2022

Dating is a familiar thing, but many do not understand the true meaning of dating. This study aims to find out and understand the true meaning of dating, so as to minimize and even stop the problems caused by dating. The research used qualitative and quantitative methods. So using literature, hermeneutics, exposition, interviews, questionnaires, graphs, tables, and pictures. This is done to get more valid and accurate research results. The research was conducted at a high school consisting of 30 people with a sample of 21 students.Based on Kid. 8:6-7, true courtship is having the goal of being united with his beloved in holy marriage. True dating requires seriousness with a sign of approval. True dating is pure like love from God. And the love that exists in dating is unmatched by anything, both wealth and problems. However, not all students in the research area understand this. Not understanding students are influenced by the wrong mindset.
Hubungan Antara Riwayat Sesak Nafas Dengan Resiko Terinfeksi COVID-19
Authors: Hendry Zul , Arisjulyanto Dedy , Hidayat Romi
Published: April 2022

Latar Belakang: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pertama kali ditemukan di Wuhan di Provinsi Hubei, China, penyebaran dan penularan Penyakit Coronavirus 2019 COVID-19 sangat cepat dan ditetapkan sebagai kasus pandemi global. Berdasarkan data WHO di dunia 8.993.659 kasus terkonfirmasi COVID-19, termasuk 469.587 kematian. Di Indonesia, kasus positif COVID-19 sebanyak 49.009 kasus positif dengan 2.573 kematian, dan di NTB sebanyak 1.119 kasus dengan 49 kematian. Riwayat sesak nafas menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab cepatnya penyebaran kasus ini. Tujuan: Tujuan dilakukannnya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan riwayat sesak nafas dengan resiko terinfeksi COVID-19 di wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat. Metode:  Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian survei dengan wawancara tatap muka menggunakan kuesioner digital yang dilakukan di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat dengan jumlah sampel 1.213 responden, dan hasil penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan chi-square dan odds-ratio. Hasil: Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil analisis menggunakan gangguan pernafasan dengan risiko penularan virus Corona (COVID-19) diperoleh P-value 0,000 < 0,05 dengan Odds ratio 2,4. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara riwayat sesak napas dengan risiko terinfeksi COVID-19, serta terdapat resiko 2,4 kali lebih cepat terpapar COVID-19 pada orang dengan riwayat sesak.
Non-Linear Impact of Textile and Clothing Manufacturing on Economic Growth: The Case of Top-Asian Economies
Authors: Iqbal Hussain Hafezali , Haseeb Muhammad , Kot Sebastian , Jermsittiparsert Kittisak
Published: April 2022

The potential contribution of the textile sector is not limited to the local economy but it also represents a country’s image in the global market. It carries the initial boom for most emerging nations in their journey towards improved economic growth. The present study employs Quantile on Quantile regression, which is a unique methodology and has the tendency to establish the relationship between variables that are non-linear in nature across various quantile distributions. Moreover, the method stated helps in explaining the asymmetric response in the quantiles of economic growth of the countries studied caused by the quantiles of the textile and clothing industry. The quarterly data ranges from 1990 to 2018, and findings therefrom endorse the presence of a positive relationship between TTC and economic growth in all Asian Countries studied. In addition to this, the direction of the relationships in the quantiles was also evaluated by Granger causality, which revealed the presence of bidirectional causal effects in all countries, excluding Japan, Pakistan and Turkey, where it was found as uni-directional. Lastly, based on the findings, the government and policy making institutions are recommended for the introduction of certain programs that will incentivize and provide subsidies to potential investors, thus relaxing the competition for new entrants in the TTC sector.
Thermal Comfort Properties of Bi-Layer Knitted Fabrics
Authors: Krithika S.M. Udaya , Prakash C. , Sampath M.B. , Senthil Kumar M.
Published: April 2022

Transmission of sensible and insensible perspiration is an important factor for fabric comfort. Improvement in the thermal comfort properties of knitted fabrics results in the achievement of fabric comfort. In this research, the thermal comfort properties of six bi-layer knitted fabrics were studied. The bi-layer knitted fabrics were made with different combinations of yarn in the inner layer and outer layer. The yarn combinations selected were polyester staple yarn-polyester staple yarn, polyester staple yarn-cotton, cotton-cotton, polypropylene-cotton, micro denier polyester-cotton, and micro denier polyester- micro denier polyester for the inner and outer layers, respectively. To find the thermal comfort properties of the six bi-layer knitted fabrics, an objective fabric test was carried out. The results showed that the bi-layer fabrics made from micro denier polyester, both in the inner and outer layers, exhibit better thermal comfort properties, thereby providing a higher level of comfort; hence, they are preferred for active sportswear. The water vapour permeability, air permeability, thermal resistance and thermal conductivity of the bi-layer knitted fabric made up of micro denier polyester as the outer and inner layer were found to be higher when compared to the other bi-layer structures. The results were discussed together with one – way ANOVA test results at a 0.05 significance level.
Evaluation of the Constancy of the Performance of Firefighters Suits
Authors: Cichecka Magdalena , Wilbik-Hałgas Bożena , Struszczyk Marcin H.
Published: April 2022

In the designing of advanced personal protection equipment, the problem related to the continuous loss of properties associated with functionality and safety over the course of its use, storage and cleaning cycles is rarely noticed. Products and their technical characteristics are applied for the conformity assessment process, which does not take into account the risk of the reduction of safety parameters. As part of the research conducted, we established the influence of factors arising from use and cleaning cycles on the reduction of physico-mechanical parameters describing critical requirements associated with the safety and functionality of special clothing for firefighters. The scope of the research covered evaluation of the influence of atmospheric factors over the course of a period including three seasons (spring, summer and autumn) and of cleaning cycles (20 cycles of washing in water at 60 °C, according to PN-EN ISO 6330:2012, distributed proportionally over three seasons of the year, with the use of commercial, commonly used washing powder) on the change in the level of parameters characterising special clothing for firefighters.
Prediction of Polypropylene Yarn Shrinkage in the Heat-Setting Process Using the Fuzzy Inference System
Authors: Dadgar Mehran
Published: April 2022

In the carpet industry, yarn shrinkage is a very important specification, the percent of shrinkage affected by heat setting parameters, time and temperature. In order to obtain the best uniform appearance of carpets, the shrinkage of pile yarns should be minimum in the carpet sizing process. An inappropriate heat set yarn may cause an undesirable shrinkage result and uneven pile height on carpets after the sizing process. It could be useful for manufacturers to understand the optimum condition of heat setting to obtain the low shrinkage of heat set yarns before weaving. Therefore, a fuzzy logic model is designed to predict the shrinkage percentage of polypropylene yarn in different heat setting conditions. Time and temperature are taken into account as input variables and yarn shrinkage is predicted as output. For validation of the model, the yarn samples heat set under various sets of time and temperature and finally yarn shrinkages have been measured experimentally. The result of the fuzzy model prediction compared to regression results and signify the fuzzy results present good and better match with experimental results with the acceptable R2=0.97 and average error (2.59%).
Combined Scouring and Bleaching of Cotton/Linen Blends by a Near-Neutral Activated Peroxide System
Authors: Li Ling , Li Qing-Ling , Li Qing-Ling
Published: April 2022

The simultaneous scouring and bleaching of cotton/linen blends was performed in a near-neutral activated peroxide system (pH = 7.2). A response surface quadratic model (RSQM) based on the central composite design (CCD) was established to investigate and optimise the bleaching performance. Research results showed that hydrophobic impurities in the blends had little impact on the bleaching. Temperature was the most significant factor affecting the fabric’s whiteness index (WI), followed by the concentration and duration of the activator tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED). The optimised process was performed at 70 °C for 40 min, incorporating 20 mmol/l of TAED and 42 mmol/l of H2O2. Compared with the conventional process carried out at 95 °C for 60 min and adding 80 mmol/l H2O2, the activation process provided the fabric with comparable WI and wettability, a smoother and cleaner microcosmic surface, as well as the advantages of saving energy and preserving fabric. This study confirmed the feasibility of an efficient one-step process for neutral scouring and bleaching.
Development of a Competency Assessment Model for Measurement of the Human Inspection Skill
Authors: Ramzan Muhammad Babar , Kang Yuncheol , Iqbal Muhammad Waqas
Published: April 2022

Extensive research has already been done on visual inspection as well as on the effect of different factors on human inspection performance. However, a method should be developed to measure their inspection skill based on influencing factors. This study contributes to the literature by proposing a competency assessment model based on the influencing factors that can classify human labour into its respective skill levels. From the literature review, the influencing factors of visual inspection are listed and divided into five observed variables. A team of experts selected the significant factors with respect to the textile and clothing industry. The analytical hierarchy process is used to measure their respective weights so as to calculate the inspection performance in terms of a competency score. A numerical example is presented and the model proposed successfully determined the competency score, and inspectors are classified into their respective skill levels according to the well-defined cut-off values. This study enables organisations to classify available human labour into its skill levels and utilise them according to their capacity.
Evaluation of the Bending Stiffness of Seersucker Woven Fabrics
Authors: Matusiak Małgorzata
Published: April 2022

Bending stiffness is an important property of textile materials, especially from the point of view of the utility comfort of the clothing user. The stiffness of fabrics determines their ability to create folds under the influence of gravity. At the same time, it influences the aesthetic effect of clothing usage, in particular its fitting to the user’s body. Fabric stiffness is also important from the point of view of the sensorial comfort of clothing usage. In the work presented seersucker woven fabrics of different structure were measured in the range of their stiffness. The fabrics investigated differ from each other in the aspect of the repeat of the seersucker effect and linear density of weft yarn. Measurement of bending stiffness was performed using two measurement methods: Peirce’s Method (Fabric Stiffness Tester) and an MOO3F Digital Pneumatic Stiffness Tester. On the basis of the results, an analysis was performed to assess the influence of the repeat of the seersucker effect and linear density of weft yarn on stiffness parameters determined using both methods. Results confirmed that the linear density of weft yarn and the repeat of the seersucker effect influence the bending stiffness of fabrics determined by both testing methods applied. Some problems resulting from the surface geometry of the seersucker woven fabrics were indicated and discussed.
Thermal Comfort Properties of Bamboo/Silk Fabrics
Authors: Geethanjali T. , Prakash C. , Ramesh Babu V. , Rajwin A. Jebastin
Published: April 2022

The thermal resistance of fabrics containing silk showed a higher value in comparison with lyocell-rich blends. The water vapour permeability, absorbency and wickability of lyocell and lyocell-rich blends were found to be superior as compared to 100% silk fabrics. With respect to aesthetic comfort properties, the drape of the lyocell rich fabrics was good in comparison with 100% silk fabrics.
Evaluation of Moisture Management Properties of Plated Interlock, Mini Flat Back Rib and Flat Back Rib Structures
Authors: Sathish Kumar T. , Ramesh Kumar M. , Senthil Kumar Balakrshnan
Published: April 2022

Moisture management is a very fundamental criterion for any type of fabric. Hence, in this study three different knits viz plated interlock, mini flat back rib and flat back rib fabric structures with 100% eri silk (top), 100% bamboo (bottom) and 100% tencel (bottom) with the combination of two different yarn counts were used. The yield was tested for moisture management properties. It was identified that the bi-layer eri silk (14.3 tex) combined with bamboo (14.8 tex) and tencel (14.8 tex) plated interlock, mini flat back rib and flat back rib knit structure fabrics were excellent. Due to the high level of comfort and breathable nature, eri silk with bamboo and tencel fabrics are recommended for performance based garments.
Analysis of the Heat Resistance of Multilayer Clothing Packages
Authors: Kosiuk Gabriela , Matusiak Małgorzata
Published: April 2022

Clothing fabrics are rarely used individually as the only layer protecting the body against different outer factors. Especially in cold climates, human attire is usually composed of several layers constituting together a multilayer set of textile materials. The purpose of this work was to analyse the impact of the number of layers on the thermal resistance of multi-layer clothing packages. Two-, three- and four-layer packages were made from woven fabrics of different structure. The packages were tested for thermal resistance by means of a Permetest instrument, made by Sensora (Czech Republic). The tests were carried out for individual materials forming the layers of the packages and for entire packages. Based on the research conducted and analysis of the results, it was found that the number of layers has a significant impact on the thermal resistance of multi-layer clothing packages. The thermal resistance of the multilayer textile packages measured was a little lower than the sum of the thermal resistance of the particular layers creating the packages. On the basis of the results, the thermal contact resistance and boundary effect were also discussed.
Effect of Atmospheric Pressure Oxygen Plasma treatment on Bonding Characteristics of Basalt Fibre Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Nandagopal K.R. , Selvakumar A. , Raja D.
Published: April 2022

In this research work, the bonding characteristics of plasma treated basalt fibres were analysed by employing the fibre pull-out test. 80 samples were prepared with two different spans of basalt fibres (such as 25 mm and 50 mm) and four levels of embedded length (10, 15, 20 and 25) inside standard M20 grade concrete. Debonding and bonding characteristics of the plasma treated fibres were compared with raw basalt fibres through the fibre pull-out test. The plasma treated and raw basalt fibres were characterised through Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. It was observed that confirmation of the presence of hydroxyl groups on the basalt fibre surface was realised through the FTIR test and that there was higher adsorption of concrete particles by the plasma treated basalt fibres through FESEM. The de bonding and fibre pull-out energy of the plasma treated basalt fibres were improved by about 9% and 10% compared with 25 mm and 50 mm raw basalt fibres. From the observation above, it can be stated that the surface modification of basalt fibre may lead to a change in the debonding and pull-out energy level.
Development of Multilayer Woven Fabrics for the Adoptive Geometry Composite Structure
Authors: Zubair Zakariya , Alali Moussa , L’hostis Gildas , Zubair Muhammad , Drean Jean-Yves
Published: April 2022

In this study nine multilayer 3D woven structures were produced using polyamide filament yarns both in the warp and weft direction. Three different weaves: plain, 1/3 twill and 3/1 rib in the middle layer, and plain weave in both the top and bottom layers were produced. All specimens were developed on a narrow weaving machine equipped with multi beams and creel options. The samples were tested for tensile strength, air permeability, compressibility, resilience, bending and shear stiffness. Better compressibility was observed in 3/1 warp rib, followed by 1/3 twill and plain weave in the middle layer. Shear stiffness and bending rigidity were higher for those fabrics which had a plain weave in all layers and higher filling density. The air permeability was higher for low weft density, plain weave and its derivative 3/1 warp rib in the middle layer. Tensile strength was higher for those fabrics which were produced with higher weft densities.
Analytical Approach for Simulating the Compression and Recovery Behaviour of Nonwoven Fabrics for Automotive Floor-Covering Application under Static Loading
Authors: Azami A. A. , Payvandy P. , Jalili M.M.
Published: April 2022

In this study, viscoelastic model parameters are obtained to predict the compression and recovery behaviour of needle-punched nonwoven textiles which are customarily used in industrial applications such as automotive floor-coverings. To this end, two different models are used to explain the compression and recovery behaviour of non-woven textiles under brief, moderate static loading (BMSL) and prolonged, heavy static loading (PHSL) according to ISO 3415 and ISO 3416, respectively. The first model consists of a linear spring and damper set parallel to each other. This combination is placed in series with a linear damper. The second model, however, consists of a linear spring and damper set parallel to each other and placed in series with a nonlinear damper. The results obtained for the compression and recovery behaviour of the non-woven textiles under BMSL and PHSL are compared with experimental results. The results obtained indicated that the nonlinear model is more accurate in the prediction of the compression and recovery behaviour of needle-punched nonwoven textiles under static loading than the linear model. The best result for the prediction of the compression and the recovery behaviour of nonwoven textiles under BMSL and PHSL occurs with the nonlinear model, in which the errors are 4.68% and 4.66%, respectively, when compared to the experimental results.