bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS GAYA BELAJAR MAHASISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN FLIPPED CLASSROOM
Authors: Hasanudin Cahyo , Fitrianigsih Ayu
Published: February 2019

Abstract: This study aims to determine the learning style of students in taking courses in reading skills. This research is a qualitative research by observing the learning process of reading skills by applying flipped classroom learning. The research subjects were 35 students in the first semester, and lecturers in reading skills. Data were collected through classroom observations and interviews. In the class observations, researchers observed and recorded everything that happens in the form of field notes. Interviews adopted open questions and participants gave open responses. The results showed that students had a visual learning style (28.6%), auditory (22.9%) and kinesthetic (22.9%). Keywords: flipped classroom, learning style, students  Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gaya belajar mahasiswa dalam mengikuti mata kuliah keterampilan membaca. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan mengamati proses pembelajaran mata kuliah keterampilan membaca dengan penerapan pembelajaran flipped classroom. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 35 mahasiswa pada semester pertama, dan dosen mata kuliah keterampilan membaca. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi kelas dan wawancara. Dalam observasi kelas, peneliti mengamati dan merekam semua yang terjadi dalam bentuk catatan lapangan. Wawancara mengadopsi pertanyaan terbuka dan para partisipan memberikan tanggapan terbuka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa memiliki gaya belajar yang visual (28,6%), auditori (22,9%) dan kinestetik (22,9%). Kata kunci: flipped classroom, gaya belajar, mahasiswa
La prospectiva como marco de análisis para el aprovechamiento turístico de los hongos comestibles silvestres (HCS) en el centro de México
Authors: Gómez-Vázquez Raúl , Thomé-Ortiz Humberto , Pérez-Ramírez Carlos Alberto , Martínez-García Carlos Galdino
Published: February 2019

Los hongos comestibles silvestres (HCS) han sido aprovechados históricamente por las comunidades forestales, pues constituyen un componente fundamental de su cultura alimentaria y un recurso estratégico de subsistencia. Además, representan una oportunidad para la diversificación productiva local a partir del impulso del turismo rural orientado al micoturismo. Por este motivo, se delinea un marco de análisis teórico metodológico desde el enfoque de prospectiva. Como procedimiento metodológico se realizó una revisión de literatura del micoturismo y de los HCS en revistas científicas. Como resultado se identificaron 48 variables que inciden en la conformación del sistema micoturístico y que son una aproximación para generar escenarios futuros del aprovechamiento recreativo de los hongos comestibles silvestres.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PEGAWAI PADA INSTANSI PEMERINTAH DENGAN SISTEM PERJANJIAN KERJA OUTSOURCING
Authors: Cahyono Doni
Published: February 2019

Dasar berlakunya sistem kerja secara Outsourcing adalah ketentuan Pasal 64 UU No. 13 Tahun 2003, yang menentukan bahwa “Perusahaan dapat menyerahkan sebagian pelaksanaan pekerjaan kepada perusahaan lainnya melalui perjanjian pemborongan pekerjaan atau penyediaan jasa pekerja/buruh yang dibuat secara tertulis”. Linmas dengan system Outsourcing tersebut dirasa sangat merugikan tenaga kerja. Penggunaan pegawai dengan sistem perjanjian kerja waktu tertentu pada instansi pemerintah diatur dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 54 Tahun 2010 Tentang Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah dan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan, dinyatakan tidak mempunyai kekuatan hukum kecuali pekerja terikat dalam perjanjian kerja waktu tidak tertentu atau terjadi pengalihan kewajiban terhadap pekerja dari perusahaan penyedia kerja kepada perusahaan yang membutuhkan tenaga kerja. Perlindungan hukum bagi pegawai pada instansi pemerintah dengan sistem perjanjian kerja waktu tertentu jika pekerja tidak terikat dalam perjanjian kerja waktu tidak tertentu dengan perusahaan penyedia tenaga kerja atau jika tidak terjadi pengalihan kewajiban antara pekerja dengan perusahaan yang membutuhkan tenaga kerja (instansi pemerintah), maka jika menyimpang dari ketentuan sebagaimana tersebut di atas, pekerja dapat menggugat pemerintah daerah setempat atas dasar perbuatan melanggar hukum yang dilakukan oleh penguasa berupa ganti kerugian sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 1365 KUH Perdata.
The frst celebration of Valentine Vodnik’s jubilee
Authors: Churkina Iskra
Published: February 2019

The well-known Slovenian poet, educator and editor Valentin Vodnik played a major role in the development of Slovene language and culture. On the example of the resurrection from oblivion of the name of Vodnik and the frst celebration of his centenary in 1858, the article touches upon the issues of the formation of the historical memory of the Slovenes, and the search for their national heroes.
The way to the Soviet nation against the backdrop of wars and revolutions: the initial stage of Belarusianization in the interpretation of Alena Marková
Authors: Borisenok Yuri
Published: February 2019

The review focuses on the monograph of the researcher from the Czech Republic A. Marková, devoted to the process of Belarusianization as one of the most topical issues of the Belarusian history of the twentieth century. The book makes an important contribution to the modern interpretation of complex national and ethnic changes that took place on the Belarusian territory in the period between the two world wars.
“Water Croats” and the specifics of their tradition: A review of an ethnolinguistic expedition
Authors: Plotnikova Anna
Published: February 2019

Croatian villages of the southmost district of Bratislava are studied. Due to similar historical circumstances, these villages shape a single unit. This small territory on the cross-border of Austria, Hungary, and Slovakia was accessed to Czechoslovakia only after
WWII, that preserved in good state the Croatian tradition in the 20th century in the genetically non-related Hungarian milieu. The article covers features of their folk calender, family rites, and folk mythology, common for all Burgenland's Croats (in Austria, Hungary, and Slovakia), parallel to those that can be found in Croatia proper. It also covers borrowings from neighboring languages and traditions of Austrian-Hungarian space and from Slovakia, within the borders of which the Croatian enclaves under scrutiny are located.
Incentive to Retrench? Investigating the Interactions of State and Federal Social Assistance Programs after Welfare Reform
Authors: Parolin Zachary , Luigjes Christiaan
Published: February 2019

Spending on cash assistance from the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program has declined across the U.S. throughout recent decades. Simultaneously, spending on the federally-funded Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and Supplemental Security Income (SSI) programs has steadily increased. This papers investigates whether retrenchment of TANF assistance has led to increases in the participation and levels of benefit receipt of SNAP and SSI. Applying a differences-in-differences approach on household income data from 1997 to 2015, we find that a $50 policy-induced decline in states’ TANF cash assistance allocations leads to an increase of between $17 to $32 per month in federal allocations of SNAP and SSI benefits among single-mother households. From a household income perspective, these findings suggest that increases in SNAP and SSI participation have partially offset the retrenchment in TANF assistance. From a state incentive perspective, we find that state governments have the ability, and even a financial incentive, to shift social assistance caseloads to the federal government.
Harmonisasi Keragaman dalam Komunitas Meditasi Kesadaran di Wihara Mendut
Authors: Waluyo
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan keharmonisan dalam keragaman komunitas Meditasi Kesadaran di Wihara Mendut. Komunitas Meditasi Kesadaran di Wihara Mendut memiliki anggota dan simpatisan yang terdiri dari beragam latar belakang orientasi spiritual dan agama; di samping pelaksanaan retret yang sudah dilaksanakan puluhan tahun, serta telah menyebar ke berbagai daerah. Relevansi meditasi dengan permasalahan kehidupan, dampak meditasi, dan makna keberagaman bagi peserta retret diperlukan deskripsi komprehensif melalui studi mendalam agar diperoleh gambaran menyeluruh mengenai karakteristik komunitas Meditasi Kesadaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan case study karena memandang peserta retret meditasi kesadaran di Wihara Mendut sebagai kesatuan kelompok, yang mana anggota yang terlibat sebagai subjek penelitian mewakili dan mencerminkan dirinya sendiri sebagai informan. Jenis case study yang digunakan bersifat interpretatif dan kritis, yaitu memahami suatu fenomena melalui pemaknaan dari orang-orang yang terlibat di dalamnya, sekaligus melakukan refleksi kritis terhadap praktik-praktik yang sedang terjadi dan asumsi dasar yang biasanya diterima apa adanya. Subjek penelitian adalah peserta retret Meditasi Kesadaran yang dilaksanakan di Wihara Mendut, Magelang, Jawa Tengah. Objek penelitian adalah keragaman orientasi spiritual peserta retret yang dijelaskan dalam tiga tema yaitu relevansi meditasi dengan permasalahan kehidupan, dampak meditasi bagi peserta retret, dan makna keberagaman dalam komunitas Meditasi Kesadaran di Wihara Mendut. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan nontes melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi dengan instrumen berupa pedoman observasi, pedoman wawancara, dan dokumen pendukung terkait lainnya. Keabsahan data menggunakan uji kredibilitas, transferabilitas, dependabilitas, dan konfirmabilitas. Data dianalisis menggunakan model Miles & Huberman yang terdiri dari pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (a) relevansi meditasi dengan permasalahan kehidupan bagi peserta retret meditasi kesadaran di Wihara Mendut berkaitan erat dengan permulaan peserta mengenal meditasi, perbandingan antarguru, tahapan pencarian, kemampuan mengidentifikasi permasalahan kehidupan dan problematika dalam mengikuti meditasi kesadaran, dan saran bagi penyelenggara dalam mendukung pelaksanaan meditasi; (b) dampak meditasi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari bagi peserta retret meliputi bentuk latihan, jadwal dan waktu latihan, cara menanggapi situasi, pemahaman yang lebih tinggi dalam meditasi kesadaran, persyaratan berlatih, makna dampak bagi peserta, dan hasil meditasi; dan (c) pandangan peserta retret meditasi kesadaran memiliki kaitan erat dengan ketaatan dalam mengikuti retret, hubungan sesama peserta, cara pandang terhadap agama lain, hakikat keberagaman, dan keberlanjutan komunitas di masa mendatang.
Uji Daya Terima Bolu Kukus dari Tepung Kulit Singkong
Authors: Sari Fitri Dian Nila
Published: February 2019

Selama ini, bolu kukus yang dikenal dan dikonsumsi masyarakat hanyalah bolu yang terbuat dari bahan utamanya yaitu tepung terigu. Selain tepung dan bahan utama pembuatan bolu kukus, kulit singkong yang selama ini dibuang begitu saja hanya sebagai limbah, ternyata dapat dijadikan sebagai tepung bahan pembuatan bolu kukus. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui daya terima gizi bolu kukus dari kulit singkong. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan rancangan acak lengkap menggunakan empat perlakuan yaitu dengan penambahan tepung kulit singkong dengan formulasi 100%, 50%, 20%, dan 0%. Uji daya terima bolu kukus kulit singkong dilakukan terhadap 30 orang panelis di Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Sumatera Utara. Data uji organoleptik dianalisis dengan Mann-Whitney Test. Berdasarkan uji organoleptik terhadap rasa, aroma, dan tekstur, diketahui bahwa panelis lebih menyukai bolu kukus dengan formulasi 100% sedangkan uji organoleptik terhadap warna panelis lebih menyukai bolu kukus dengan formulasi 50%. Disarankan kepada masyarakat agar dapat memanfaatkan tepung kulit singkong dalam pembuatan olahan makanan jenis lainnya serta dapat dijadikan sebagai jajanan untuk semua golongan umur, termasuk anak-anak, remaja, dewasa maupun untuk lanjut usia.
Utilization of Library and Information Resources by Visually Impaired Primary School Pupils in Special Education Centres in South-East Nigeria
Authors: Esther Ekene Aghauche  , Udem Obiora Kingsley
Published: February 2019

Purpose: The study investigated the utilization of library and information resources by visually impaired primary school pupils in special education centres in South-East Nigeria. Methodology: The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The population comprised 129 respondents, consisting of 125 visually impaired pupils and 4 librarians. The entire populations were studied. Two instruments used for data collection were focus group discussion and interview. Focus group discussion was used for the students while interview was used for the librarians. Data collected were analyzed qualitatively. Findings: The result of the study showed that visually impaired primary school pupils were not making use of available resources to a high extent, due to non-availability of resources in alternative formats. Implications: Not making use of available resources to a high extent, due to non-availability of resources in alternative formats shows that there is need to provide alternative format of information resources for the visually impaired pupils. Value/Originality: The study’s educational value rest on the recommendations that information resources should be provided in alternative formats of Braille, audio and digital in all the subjects taught in the special education centres and that the government should employ Braille typists since the older ones were retired.
The concept of homoiology and its potential application in palaeontological phylogenetics
Authors: Sookias Roland B.
Published: February 2019

The neglected concept of homoiology is discussed in the context of palaeontological phylogenetic methods. Homoiology is the case of homoplasy where a parallel or convergent phenotypic development is actually due to shared ancestry, whether a common inherited genetic mechanism or simply a shared initial phenotype. A number of parallelisms/convergences in vertebrate and linguistic evolution are discussed to illustrate the concept of homoiology. It is proposed that parallelisms/convergences, although probably not useful in initial tree inference from morphological data, must not be simply written off as phylogenetically uninformative, but can actually be potentially used to provide additional support values for clades and to help to choose between equally parsimonious or likely trees. An R function is provided to calculate two measures for a given tree and matrix: (a) the potential support for clades based on potential homoiologies; and (b) the fit of the tree to all states given the concept of homoiology. The relationship between homoiology and constraints and to underlying mechanisms is also discussed.
Combined approach for management of gynecomastia: Subcutaneous mastectomy and liposuction
Authors: Bajracharya Amir
Published: February 2019

Introduction: There are different modalities for the treatment of gynecomastia. Open surgical techniques have become less popular with the advent of liposuction and its variants, including power-assisted and ultrasound-assisted liposuction.

Methodology: This is a descriptive study done to observe the combined approach of liposuction and subcutaneous mastectomy for the treatment of gynecomastia and to evaluate aesthetic aspects using Surgeon’s evaluation score for size, shape, scarring, overall outcome and patient satisfaction score by using visual analogue scale. Inclusion criteria consist of all the patients with bilateral or unilateral gynecomastia using Simon Grade I and II. , Exclusion criteria consist of patients having pseudogynecomastia, pathological and with Simon Grade III gynecomastia. Frequency analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0.

Results: Twenty-one patients were included in the study, out of which there were 12 (57%) cases of bilateral, six (29%) cases of right and three (14%) cases of left sided gynecomastia. Mean age was 23.8 years range (14-32) years, mean body mass index 22.52 kg/m2 (18-26) kg/m2 mean volume of fat removal through liposuction 136.43 ml (40-300) ml, and mean resected breast tissue was 89.29 gm (40-150) gm. In our study 33.3% cases were of Simon Grade I and 66.7 % cases were of Grade II gynecomastia with one (4.7%) case had post-operative hematoma. With combined approach liposuction and subcutaneous mastectomy results showed overall excellent patient satisfaction, minimal complication, less scarring and cost effective.

Conclusions: Management of gynecomastia with subcutaneous mastectomy and liposuction can be a combined approach with less complication and overall excellent patient satisfaction.
Oral Mucocele: Various treatment modalities
Authors: Agrawal Sapna , Koirala Bandana , Dali Mamta , Shrestha Sneha
Published: February 2019

Mucoceles are common lesions of the oral cavity that result from an alteration in the minor salivary glands due to mucus accumulation and are broadly classified into extravasation and retention types. Rapid appearance, specific location, history of trauma, bluish color, and consistency help in the diagnosis. There are various treatment modalities which include conventional surgical removal, laser ablation, cryosurgery, sclerotherapy, micro-marsupialization, and intralesional injection of sclerosing agent or corticosteroid. Intralesional corticosteroid therapy and micro-marsupialization, though widely accepted treatment choices, the complete regression may not always be assured holding the importance of case selection and regular follow-ups for timely recognition of recurrences. This report highlights on the management of mucocele of lower lip in a 12-year-old female treated with different modalities: intralesional injection of corticosteroid, micro- marsupialization and surgical approach.
Post-graduation in medicine and allied health sciences in Nepal
Authors: Dixit Sanjaya Mani , Ranjit Eurek , Dixit Hemang
Published: February 2019

The history of education in modern medicine in Nepal is not very long. The article tracks development right from the inception of education in modern medicine to various advanced degrees offered in medicine and allied health sciences in Nepal. With the establishment of different provinces and the setting-up of various hospitals and teaching institutions within the country, one can be certain that the objective of training Nepali citizens within the country and providing healthcare to people within Nepal will soon be a reality. An attempt has been made to sum up what already exists in the present scenario within the country so that appropriate action can be taken in the coming years to ensure sufficient human resources for health will be available to meet the World Health Organization’s 2018 slogan of Universal Health Coverage in near future. It also tries to highlight the much needed issue of integrating the professionals from allied health sciences into the existing healthcare system for its further development. There are specialists from different allied professions in the country; their expertise should expand out of academic sector to other sectors as well. The lack of integration of such expertise in patient care seems to be hindering the new developments in the field of healthcare.
Nasogastric Tube: Spectrum of errors and ways to minimize them
Authors: K.C. Shreeyanta
Published: February 2019

Not available.
RANCANG BANGUN PROTOTIP MESIN BENANG BULKY PORTABEL DENGAN METODE RODA GIGI CRIMP
Authors: Tayibnapis Achmad Sjaifudin , Hendra Mulia , Setiawan Tony , Adawiyah Siti Robi'ah , Moeliono Moekarto
Published: February 2019

Telah dilakukan perekayasaan satu prototip mesin benang bulky portabel dengan metode roda gigi crimp yang dipanaskan untuk menghasilkan benang dengan tekstur khusus. Mesin ini diharapkan dapat memproses benang dari serat alam dan serat buatan. Hasil uji pengukuran dimensi mesin berdasarkan ISO/R286 –ISO, System of limit and fit, telah sesuai dengan dimensi perancangannya. Uji performa mesin dari berbagai percobaan dan parameternya  menunjukkan bahwa, benang dari serat alam yaitu benang rami dengan ukuran 1 Ne1 didapat bentuk crimp pada suhu 55-600C, tetapi tidak permanen. Di atas suhu tersebut benang akan terbakar, sehingga sulit untuk dilanjutkan. Sedangkan pada benang poliester rangkap 3,4,5 dan 6 berbasis ukuran 40 tex terbentuk crimp permanen pada suhu 80-100 0C. Hasil uji crimp menunjukkan bahwa benang poliester (40 tex x 6) menghasilkan crimp terbanyak yaitu 23,85 crimp/25 cm. Hasil uji kekuatan tarik benang poliester (40 tex x 6) menunjukkan nilai tertinggi yaitu sebesar 32,15 cN/tex. Sementara mulur tertinggi dihasilkan dari benang poliester (40 tex x 3) yaitu sebesar 27,68%. Hasil uji kekuatan tarik pada benang poliester 40 tex rangkap 3, 4, 5, dan 6 menunjukkan hasil kekuatan tarik yang termasuk ke dalam kategori benang poliester low tenacity, dan benang jenis ini dapat digunakan untuk proses perajutan. Namun demikian, hasil sementara pembuatan benang bulky dengan menggunakan prototip mesin ini masih terbatas hanya untuk benang serat buatan berukuran besar. Untuk itu perlu penyempurnaan-penyempurnaan untuk mendapatkan benang-benang yang dapat diproses lebih lanjut menjadi kain, baik melalui proses pertenunan atau perajutan.
Pour un cinéma canadien-français, un vrai : l’aventure du Studio Gratien Gélinas et de La dame aux camélias
Authors: Pelletier Louis
Published: February 2019

The creation of the Studio Gratien Gélinas in the early 1940s, as well as the production of the sole film completed by them, the short comedy La dame aux camélias, la vraie, can be gainfully examined in the light of the professionalization of the 16mm format, the rise of useful cinema, and the rapid growth of alternative film exhibition venues. A previously unknown test-film outlining the studio’s business plan indeed reveals that Gélinas, then French Canada’s most influential artistic figure, hoped to seize the opportunities opened up by these recent developments in order to circumvent the funding and distribution issues hampering feature film production in Quebec and Canada. Gélinas’ film venture was soon to be cut short by the lukewarm reception granted to La dame aux camélias and various technical issues. But several of the project’s most essential features, such as the use of vernacular language and the will to tell stories rooted in the everyday life of the French Canadian community, eventually returned in some of the most successful strands of post-Révolution tranquille Quebec cinema.
L’incursion de l’onf dans la thérapie psychiatrique : genèse, réalisation et pérennité de la série Mental Mechanisms
Authors: Beaulieu Martin
Published: February 2019

The Mental Mechanisms series, produced by the National Film Board of Canada at the end of the 1940s, came to be at a particularly effervescent conjuncture in Canadian psychiatry: its institutional opening to research, teaching, and clinical work. Born in large part thanks to the desire of psychiatrists to introduce first still and then moving images to their experiments in group therapy, it quickly found a “big audience” via the NFB’s circuits of community distribution. It was first a therapeutic, but then became an educational, training, prevention, and public health tool. If historical studies of the NFB’s productions have basically brought to the fore the series’ “community life,” this bit of large-scale distribution so important to the NFB of the period, the series nevertheless continues to have a kind of “therapeutic existence.” By returning to the NFB archives, this article discusses the series’ initial, basically therapeutic raisons d’être in the context of its emergence as a therapeutic application in psychiatry. The article also seeks to place the series in its own specific context: within a history of therapeutic projection.
Cinema, Realism, and The World According to Jia Zhangke
Authors: Richler David
Published: February 2019

In this article, I argue that while processes of globalization and digitization have complicated our idea of what constitutes “cinema” and “the world,” the idea of World Cinema is not new, but is instead foundational to the advent of film itself. More specifically, I examine Jia Zhangke’s The World (2004, China/Japan/France) as a prototypical “World Cinema” text, in order to help juxtapose the experience of film (and the sense of Bazinian realism and authenticity often attributed to it), with the phenomenon of World Exhibitions. Although I do examine the text itself in some detail, my goal is not merely to provide yet another reading of The World (of which there are many), but to articulate something more broadly about the experience of film, the panoramic discourse of World Cinema (especially via international film festivals), and the supposedly disruptive effects of digital technologies.
Phase Selective Sample Preparation of Al-Si alloys for Atom Probe Tomography
Authors: Barrirero J. , Engstler M. , Odén M. , Mücklich F.
Published: February 2019

We present how the conventional focused ion beam (FIB) lift-out method can be modified to obtain phase selective specimens for atom probe tomography (APT). The modified method combines selective deep etching with site-specific lift-out using a micromanipulator in a FIB/SEM workstation. This method is used for phase-selective sample preparation in alloys with complex microstructures such as the coral- and plate-like silicon structures in the eutectic phase of Al-Si castings. The method proves to be both, practical and robust, with a high success rate of high-quality phase-specific APT specimens.
Hipertiroidismo en el embarazo
Authors: Franco-Herrera Daniela , Córdoba Díaz Daniela , González Ocampo Daniela , José Ospina Juan , Olaya Garay Sandra Ximena , Murillo García David Ricardo
Published: February 2019

La relación hipertiroidismo y embarazo es poco común. Su importancia recae en el pronóstico de la madre y el feto. El reconocimiento de las alteraciones tiroideas durante el embarazo difiere de la población general. En este grupo poblacional es necesario correlacionar las pruebas diagnósticas con los cambios fisiológicos durante este periodo. La principal causa de hipertiroidismo es la enfermedad de Graves, consu componente autoinmune. La tirotoxicosis gestacional transitoria toma relevancia durante el embarazo y es un diagnóstico diferencial importante durante el primer trimestre. El manejo del hipertiroidismo durante el embarazo tiene implicaciones especiales. Las terapias de primera línea convencionales están contraindicadas, y toman relevancia los medicamentos antitiroideos. Ninguna terapia es totalmentesegura durante el embarazo y se deben evaluar los posibles efectos adversos e implicaciones para la madre y el feto. En esta revisión queremos dar a conocer los cambios en la función tiroidea durante la gestación; además, las pautas necesarias para el adecuado reconocimiento, diagnóstico y manejo del hipertiroidismo durante el embarazo, con el fin de disminuir la morbilidad y mortalidad materno-fetal. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura en PubMed y Science Direct utilizando palabras MeSH y conectores. Se incluyeron artículos especiales más relevantes publicados por las sociedades internacionales en los últimos 20 años sobre el diagnóstico y manejo del hipertiroidismo durante el embarazo.
Cirugía fetal en Costa Rica
Authors: Carballo Gutiérrez William , Bustillos Villavicencio Joaquín
Published: February 2019

La cirugía fetal es una alternativa para mejorar los resultados del paciente para enfermedades como el síndrome de transfusión feto–feto y el mielomeningocele, entre muchas otras. Esta revisión pretende dar a conocer un tema que en nuestro país era desconocido, a pesar de que estos procedimientos ya se han empezado a realizar con éxito en nuestro medio. La aplicación del ultrasonido ha permitido la identificación prenatal oportuna y adecuada del paciente potencialmente tratable mediante estas técnicas. Se revisó la evidencia existente de los beneficios que estas terapias aportan tanto al feto como a la madre. Se concluye que la cirugía fetal es una especialidad multidisciplinaria donde participan el perinatólogo, el obstetra, el neonatólogo, el anestesiólogo, entre otros especialistas.
Cirugía fetal en teratoma sacrococcígeo
Authors: Leonel Ortega Nelson
Published: February 2019

El teratoma sacrococcígeo es el tumor neonatal más común. En un gran número de los casos los fetos llegan al término y pueden ser resecados sin complicaciones. Sin embargo, en otro grupo de pacientes, su prematuridad, el hidrops y la falla cardiaca no permiten interrumpir el embarazo sin consecuencias para el feto. Aquí es donde la cirugía fetal tiene cabida. Se realizó una búsqueda de la literatura relacionada al teratoma sacrococcígeo y reportes de casos donde se practicó cirugía. Se incluyeron también aquellos en donde se detallaba la preparación de la paciente, el transoperatorio y postoperatorio. La edad gestacional de la presentación usualmente fue durante la ecografía estructural, con una media de las 23 semanas. Se encuentra más literatura acerca de cirugías abiertas y la principal indicación es el hidrops y/o la falla cardiaca inminente. Los casos reportados realizados con mínima invasión son los menos, con resultados controversiales. El teratoma sacrococcígeo en el recién nacido es una entidad con muy buen pronóstico dependiendo del caso, tiempo del diagnóstico, tipo del tumor y potencial de malignidad del mismo. Sin embargo, el diagnosticado prenatalmente, cursa con alto riesgo de complicaciones y muerte. Hay varios casos reportados de cirugía abierta y procedimiento EXIT (técnica especial en la que el tumor es expuesto a través de una pequeña incisión) con buenos resultados quirúrgicos, pero con alta comorbilidad materna y fetal. Por ende, han surgido técnicas mínimamente invasivas para disminuir los riesgos potenciales de la cirugía abierta; a pesar de esto hay resultados contradictorios.
Cirugía fetal en tumores pulmonares mediante escleroterapia
Authors: Diaz Primera Ramiro Jesús , Gil Guevara Enrique Damián , Sánchez Jiménez Raúl , Bermúdez González Carlos
Published: February 2019

Las tumoraciones o masas pulmonares fetales microquísticas, tales como la malformación adenomatoidea quística congénita (CCAM, por sus siglas en inglés) y el secuestro bronco pulmonar (SBP), representan patologías congénitas poco frecuentes, diagnosticadas por ultrasonido durante la evaluación prenatal, con un alto índice de mortalidad de 95% como consecuencia de las complicaciones prenatales por hidropesía y fallecimiento posnatal debido a hipoplasia pulmonar. Las terapias de mínima invasión usando agentes esclerosantes han tomado posicionamiento entre las técnicas de bajo costo y alta efectividad para dichas patologías. Metodología. Se realizó un estudio clínico prospectivo, aleatorio, ciego, en 17 embarazadas con diagnóstico de CCAM microquística o de lesión híbrida (CCAM +SBP) tratadas con betametasona o con polidocanol, optando por la terapia alternativa en caso de fallar la técnica inicial. Resultados. En 4/9 (44,4%) de los 9 casos tratados con betametasona se requirió la terapia alternativa de esclerosis con polidocanol para la resolución del cuadro, que comprometía el estado fetal. La involución de la lesión pulmonar y del cuadro hidrópico fue más rápida y progresiva con la escleroterapia percutánea en comparación con el efecto esteroideo materno. Los resultados perinatales fueron asimismo más satisfactorios en el grupo con polidocanol (91,7%) que en el grupo con el esteroide (60%). Conclusiones. Se comprobó la eficacia de la escleroterapia percutánea con polidocanol para el tratamiento de la CCAM y de lesión híbrida, con resolución más rápida y eficaz de la patología en los casos donde existía resistencia a la terapia esteroidea previamente administrada.
Corioangioma placentario gigante: a propósito del primer caso sometido a fetoscopia y fotocoagulación láser en el Perú
Authors: Novoa Rommy H. , Ventura Walter , Zárate Girao Mario , Castillo Urquiaga Walter , Limay Ríos Antonio
Published: February 2019

El corioangioma placentario es una tumoración benigna no trofoblástica de muy rara presentación. Se asocia a complicaciones del embarazo cuando tiene dimensiones mayores a 4 cm. Se presenta el caso de una gestante adolescente de 25 semanas referida a nuestro servicio para manejo prenatal de un corioangioma placentario gigante que complicó el embarazo con polihidramnios y anemia fetal severa. Se realizó por primera vez en el Perú la ablación láser del vaso nutricio principal de la tumoración por fetoscopia, lo que logró revertir las complicaciones y mejorar el pronóstico fetal.
ESTUDO DE CASO DA CAPACIDADE DE MARKETING DE UMA INCUBADORA DE EMPRESAS DE BASE TECNOLÓGICA
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Maria Simões , Marcon Fernanda Almeida , Rocha Rudimar Antunes da
Published: February 2019

As incubadoras de empresas são organizações que auxiliam empreendimentos nascentes de caráter inovativo, mediante a oferta de infraestrutura e suportes variados (ANPROTEC, 2016). As Incubadoras de Base Tecnológica (IBT), por serem prestadoras de serviço para outras organizações e pertencerem a mercados de alta tecnologia, apresentam capacidades de marketing (CM) específicas para o alcance de seus objetivos estratégicos. As capacida-des de marketing, por sua vez, são habilidades que permitem às empresas o gerenciamento de atividades por meio do uso dos recursos disponíveis (DAY, 2011) e, portanto, influenci-am diretamente no desempenho organizacional. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi compre-ender como essas capacidades são articuladas em uma incubadora de base tecnológica brasi-leira de relevância nacional. Para tal, foi realizado um estudo de caso na incubadora CEL-TA, que se destaca por ser a primeira do Brasil e uma das maiores da América Latina. Os resultados apontam semelhanças com determinadas características apresentadas na literatura especializada, bem como algumas diferenças relacionadas ao posto de destaque ocupado pelo CELTA.
Dolomitization of supratidal to shallow-marine carbonates in the Pennsylvanian successions of the Wyoming Shelf
Authors: Blanchard Sébastien , Frank Tracy , Fielding Christopher
Published: February 2019

Laterally extensive beds of dolomitized carbonate are found interbedded with eolian to peritidal sandstones in the hydrocarbon-producing Pennsylvanian to earliest Permian successions of the Wyoming Shelf, USA. Subsurface and surface correlations often rely on these dolomite intervals yet their origin is poorly constrained. To characterize the nature of dolomitization, we integrate petrography, carbon and oxygen isotope data, and sedimentological characteristics of pervasively dolomitized shallow-marine, supratidal, and pedogenic facies in the Amsden and Tensleep Formations of the Bighorn Basin (early to middle Pennsylvanian, northern Wyoming). Stable isotopic compositions are compared with the documented isotopic signature of protodolomite forming on present-day arid coastlines. The composition of fine- to medium-grained dolomitized matrix differs from that of late-stage calcite spars, suggesting that dolomites preserve a primary or early diagenetic signal. The δ18O values of dolomites (-1.2 to 7.6‰ VPDB) display a similar range to that of modern protodolomite forming in the tidal flats of the coast of Abu Dhabi. The δ13C values, however, are consistently lower than expected if dolomite had precipitated from sea-water. These relationships suggest that dolomite incorporated a considerable amount of isotopically light carbon during primary formation or later during overgrowth and/or recrystallization of the initial protodolomite. Pennsylvanian and earliest Permian successions in Wyoming, Montana, and northeastern Utah display very similar diagenetic modifications (i.e., pervasive dolomitization, evaporite replacement, silicification), suggesting that the models discussed here may be applicable to these contemporaneous formations.
Multiphase flow in oil and gas reservoirs
Authors: Hoffman Monty , Crafton James
Published: February 2019

The porous rocks that make up oil and gas reservoirs are composed of complex combinations of pores, pore throats, and fractures. Pore networks are groups of these void spaces that are connected by pathways that have the same fluid entry pressures. Any fluid movement in pore networks will be along the pathways that require the minimum energy expenditure. After emplacement of hydrocarbons in a reservoir, fluid saturations, capillary pressure, and energy are in equilibrium, a significant amount of the reservoir energy is stored at the interface between the fluids. Any mechanism that changes the pressure, volume, chemistry, or temperature of the fluids in the reservoir results in a state of energy non-equilibrium. Existing reservoir engineering equations do not address this non-equilibrium condition, but rather assume that all reservoirs are in equilibrium. The assumption of equilibrium results in incorrect descriptions of fluid flow in energy non-equilibrium reservoirs. This, coupled with the fact that drilling-induced permeability damage is common in these reservoirs, often results in incorrect conclusions regarding the potential producibility of the well. Relative permeability damage, damage that can change which fluids are produced from a hydrocarbon reservoir, can occur even in very permeable reservoirs. Use of dependent variables in reservoir analysis does not correctly describe the physics of fluid flow in the reservoir and will lead to potentially incorrect answers regarding producibility of the reservoir.
Prevalence of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Workers with Noise Exposure in Panyananthaphikkhu Chonprathan Medical Center, Srinakharinwirot University
Authors: Wongsuwan Kotchporn , Rattanaarun Kotchakarn , Kittiwannawong Katsarin
Published: February 2019

Objective: To determine the prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in workers in Panyananthaphikkhu Chonprathan Medical Center, Srinakharinwirot University (PCMC). The risk factors associated with noise-induced hearing loss were evaluated.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze the data of 82 patients (43 males and 39 females) between June 2018 and July 2018. Subjects were between 20 and 59 years of age. All of them worked in loud environments in PCMC, using extended high-frequency audiometry (EHFA). The results of hearing loss in thegroup of EHFA and conventional audiometry were compared using the chi-squared test, McNemar’s chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used for evaluating the risk factors.Results: The prevalence of NIHL was 41.5%. The risk factors associated with NIHL were smoking [odds ratio (OR)=5.6, p-value=0.002 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.66-18.86)] and age over 40 years [OR=10.38, p-value<0.001 (95% CI=2.82-38.24)].Conclusion: Epidemic NIHL continues to increase in the workplace, particularly in individuals with an age of over 40 years who smoke. Early detection of this irreversible disorder of the inner ear should be attempted.
Third World Tapestries in the US: Allende and Sidwa - A Comparative Study
Authors: Butt Amina Ghazanfar , Shah Bahramand
Published: February 2019

The United States of America serves as a unique site for the literary world of contesting cultures due to the immigrant writers whose spirit of quest pulled them to this terra firma, away from their homelands. These exiled writers reside in the US but their native lands remain the thematic concern of their works. This study critically explores and investigates fictional accounts of two contemporary diaspora authors, i.e. Isabel Allende and Bapsi Sidwa. These female authors from the third world countries present subversive female characters both in the diasporic setting of the United States and in their native locations. Sidwa and Allende create characters who resist the native patriarchal structures of the third world homelands and establish their individual identities in the first world metropolitan.
Students’ Attitudes to Teachers’ Code -Switching at Undergraduate Level in Pakistan
Authors: Aziz Summaira , Ahmed Fasih , Shehnaz Momel
Published: February 2019

The study investigates attitudes of social and natural science students towards the practice of code switching by respective teachers at undergraduate level. For this purpose, Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT) is applied. An adapted questionnaire of El-Fiki (1999) focused the advantages, disadvantages and CS practice as a helping tool in teaching methodology. The statistical results show a variation in the students’ attitudes based on gender, program and academic background. Furthermore, the results show that the students favor CS as it enhances the comprehension level of the students regarding the subject, they are enrolled in. The study concludes that teachers’ codeswitching proves helpful in achieving the academic goals.
Scale Development for Teaching Appraisal
Authors: Naz Shahida , Rasheed Memona , Rasheed Tahir
Published: February 2019

The study finds if teachers' success in classroom is determined by the efficacy of teaching skills. Successful and effective teaching depend on several factors including level of knowledge, classroom management skills and students assessment. Evaluating the effectiveness of teachers is a challenging task due to the absence of standardized scale for assessing teachers’ classroom disposition. The present study develops and validate a scale for the evaluation of teachers’ teaching skills. Keeping in consideration the previous scales, literature and teaching skills, a scale comprising of 27 items is developed. It is then validated in pilot testing. The developed scale is used for the appraisal of 60 teachers for their teaching skills. The coefficient of reliability for the scale was 0.822 which is acceptable for the scales to be used in social sciences.
The Culture of Silence and Secrets: Repressions and Psychological Disorders among Pakistani Housewives in Fiction
Authors: Zainab Noreen , Jadoon Aisha , Nawaz Muhammad
Published: February 2019

Pakistani housewives suffer emotional and psychological repression in their daily lives, which result in the mental instability and psychological disorders. Through the analysis of two short stories by Pakistani feminist writers Shaila Abdullah and Rukhsana Ahmad, this paper studies the repressions of Pakistani housewives, and their emotional sufferings, to identify the long-lasting effects of emotional abuse among Pakistani women. Using the Freudian theory of unconscious as theoretical basis, this paper analyzed the unconscious of both female protagonists, the stereotypical Pakistani housewives. Through narrative analysis of both short stories, it is concluded that due to the Pakistani culture of silence and secrets unconscious of women becomes their cage, a cage that restrains all their unexpressed emotions, fears and memories. This paper suggests consciousness raising among Pakistani women regarding the significance of their psychological health, which can destroy their lives without them knowing about it
Language Learning Strategies and Students’ Performance in ESL Classrooms
Authors: Khan Arshad Ali , Shah Sayyed Rashid Ali , Ahmad Hussain
Published: February 2019

This study investigates the relation of language learning strategies, memory, cognitive, compensation, metacognitive, social and affective strategy with the language performance of undergraduate students in ESL classroom. Data from the sample of 97 male and 63 female learners in a private university was collected through Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) by Oxford (1990), which is based on 50 items on the pattern of five-point Likert scale. Students’ GPA scores were collected for the relevant course in order to examine language performance. For descriptive and inferential statistics, the data have been analyzed through SPSS 15.0. The results showed a significant difference between used language strategy and performance. The cognitive and memory strategies were more significant while social and affective strategies were least significant. The study also revealed that female students used strategies more than male students, however gender did not play any significant role in language performance.
Us vs Them Positioning in Academic Setting: A Critical Discourse Perspective
Authors: Athar Sania , Yousaf Muhammad , Habib Azhar
Published: February 2019

This study attempts to analyze gender positioning in different social settings. For this purpose, Muted Group Theory plus Van Dijks Model (2007) from Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) have been employed to inspect gender positioning in the academic setting in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. These models help in identifying the relation between various individuals and promoting person to person interaction. The gender critical discourse analysis helps in dissecting the irregularities in gender positioning and imbalances found between the males and females especially using language and the power relations which are built through various discourses. The different discourses gathered in this research study are qualitative in nature and are gathered from three famous universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The investigation uncovered that desultory techniques are used by male and female to support or resist each other.
Postcolonial perspective in No Longer at Ease and A Passage to India
Authors: Iqbal Liaqat , Ullah Irfan , Rehman Abdur
Published: February 2019

Postcolonialism with its various aspects is focused in this paper. The present study highlights the key postcolonial issues in Chinua Achebe’s novel No Longer at Ease and E. M. Forster’s novel A Passage to India. While keeping in view length of the chapters, only the first chapter of No Longer at Ease and the first three chapters of A Passage to India have been analyzed and discussed. The postcolonial issues found in these novels are ambivalence, stereotyping, mimicry, hybridity, representation, orality, binarism and marginalization. Almost both of the novels got these issues in some proportion with different contexts but still with many similarities.