bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Serum Zinc and Copper Level in Psoriatic and Non-Psoriatic Individual
Authors: Haque Shawana , Mahmud Md Mostaque , Habib Rahat Bin
Published: August 2022

Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory disease of skin and multiple organs of body. The exact etiology of psoriasis is not yet certain. It is assumed that trace elements may have some role in pathogenesis of psoriasis. They can act as co-enzymes for metabolism and can act as antioxidants against free radicals. Therefore they can participate in epidermal proliferation and inflammatory process of psoriasis. This study aimed to evaluate the relation between psoriasis and trace elements namely zinc and copper. This study was conducted on 40 diagnosed cases of psoriasis and 40 non psoriatic individuals in the department of Dermatology and Venereology in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka. Biochemical analyses of serum copper and zinc were analyzed and compared statistically with cases and healthy controls. Serum zinc level was significantly lower and serum copper level was significantly higher in patient with psoriasis compared to control (p= < 0.001). Individuals with moderate to severe psoriasis had significantly lower zinc levels and significantly higher copper levels than patients with mild psoriasis, according to Psoriasis area and Severity Index Score (p= < 0.05). Correction of serum zinc and copper level could be beneficial for psoriasis patients.
Bangladesh Med J. 2021 May; 50(2) : 28-31
Cardiovascular Risk Factors amongst the Patient Living with HIV Attending at Anti-Retroviral Therapy Center of Bangladesh
Authors: Hossian Abid , Biswas Sunil Kumar , Hassan Md Nazmul , Ahmed Imtiaz , Bhuiyan AKM Matiur Rahman , Ahmed Kohinur , Islam Sadia , Abdullah ABM
Published: August 2022

Human immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) seropositive individual is at risk of developing disease of cardiovascular system (CVD). There are scarce of research work regarding this field in Bangladesh. Considering scarcity, this study was conducted at anti-retroviral therapy (ART) center of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Bangladesh to find out the frequency of the CVD and their common risk factors in HIV seropositive patients from March 2017 to September 2019. Different CVD risk factors were assessed in this study. The demographic data were assessed and World Health Organization STEPS questionnaire were used to collect demographic data. The 10-year CVD risk was calculated by using the Framingham coronary risk score (FRS).  Mean age of study population was 38, SD= 9.8. Among them sixty-five (65%) were men and thirty-five (35%) were women. About one third were overweight followed by 5% were obese. High cholesterolemia, high triglyceridemia, high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were found in 23%, 58%, 14%. and 63% of the HIV patent, respectively.  Hypertension was present in 19% and diabetes in 15% of the patients. In Framingham risk score, 19% of the participants had intermediate to high risk of cardiovascular disease within 10 years. The cardiovascular risk factors were common in HIV patients attending ART center of BSMMU, where base line 10-years CVD risk was low. People living with HIV appear to be an imminent risk to develop CVD.
Bangladesh Med J. 2021 May; 50(2) : 40-44
Patterns of Post-endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) Complications
Authors: Habib Md Rehan , Ahmed Farid , Gain Gobinda , Hasan Rashedul , Ishaque SM , Ahmed Dewan Saifuddin
Published: August 2022

In the treatment of common bile duct stones and palliative decompression of malignant strictures, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the gold standard. However, there are still concerns about procedure-related complications and patient discomfort. The aim of the study is to evaluate the pattern of  post ERCP complications. This prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Gastroenterology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from February to October 2017. A total of one hundred patients who were eligible for ERCP were included in this study but five patients were excluded due to cannulation failure. Clinical examination , biochemical, and radiological investigation were performed before and after ERCP to assess the complication that occurred. The majority of patients in this study were at and below the age of 50 years, with a mean age of 49.74 ± 14.07 years and the age range was between 18 to 80 years. Majority of the subjects were male (54.7%), and male to female ratio was 1.21:1. The highest number of patients were diagnosed as choledocholithiasis (58.9%) followed by proximal cholangiocarcinoma (13.7%), Ca-gallbladder with biliary infiltration (8.4%), Distal cholangiocarcinoma (6.3%), Chronic calcific pancreatitis and Periampullary carcinoma each (3.2%), Suspected SOD & Chronic pancreatitis each (2.1%) and Worm in CBD and benign biliary stricture each (1.1%). In this study, the overall post-ERCP complication was 12.6%, with pancreatitis accounting for 9.4%, bleeding accounting for 2.1%, and cholangitis accounting for 2.1%.  From the study, it can be concluded that pancreatitis is the most frequent Post-ERCP complication.
Bangladesh Med J. 2021 May; 50(2) : 35-39
Severity of Pain According to Visual Analog Scale in Adhesive Capsulitis of Shoulder in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Hosain Mohammad , Rahman Sohely , Alam Md Mahfuzul , Islam SM Mazharul , Islam Khaza Amirul , Rahman Md Mubdiur , Bhuiyan Mohammad Kamruzzaman
Published: August 2022

The aim of the present study was to assess the severity of pain according to visual analog scale in adhesive capsulitis patients with DM. A descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted from January to June 2019 among 200 patients attending at Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University after obtaining requisite consent from the patients. Data were collected through the assessment of patients in the Outpatient Department.  The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS (version 20.1) to assess the severity of pain according to visual analog scale in adhesive capsulitis patients. The study was approved by the institutional ethical committee of BSMMU. Mean age of patients with adhesive capsulitis was 54.85±9.35 years among them more than one third (35%) was 51-55 years of age group. Among the patients 61% was female and 39% was male. Among the patients 54(27%) had adhesive capsulitis, and 146(73%) did not have. Nearly two third female patients (65%) suffered from adhesive capsulitis of shoulder than male patients (35%). The hight number of adhesive capsulitis patients suffering from moderate type of pain and visual analogue score is 4-6, where one third of them suffer from severe type (VAS score 7-10). Overall frequency of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder among diabetic individuals attending in physical medicine and rehabilitation department of a tertiary care hospital was 27%. Most of the adhesive capsulitis patients suffering from moderate type of pain which visual analogue score is 4-6.
Bangladesh Med J. 2021 May; 50(2) : 32-34
An Eleven Months Old Infant with Very Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD): A Rare Case Report
Authors: Ahamed Nazmul , Khadga Mukesh , Majumder Wahiduzzaman , Rukunuzzaman Md
Published: August 2022

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in pediatric cases has been seen rapidly increasing in number over the last decade. Now a days four types of pediatric IBD has been identified: less than ten years of age - early onset IBD, less than six years of age - very early onset IBD, less than two years of age- infantile IBD and less than twenty eight days of age - neonatal onset IBD. Young children presented with more aggressive clinical features and severity is more than the older children and adults. Early onset disease presenting in children may have a monogenic basis. Infantile IBD or neonatal IBD having the high rates to affect the first-degree relatives and there is very high chance to develop resistance against immunosuppressive treatment. Very early onset IBD (VEO-IBD) most commonly presenting per rectal bleeding with or without mucous stools, isolated colonic disease, perianal involvement, skin lesions, whereas early onset IBD (EO-IBD) commonly presented with abdominal pain and weight loss. A thorough history, physical examination, biochemical markers, endoscopic evaluation with macroscop and microscopic findings are the only way to reach the diagnosis. The treatment of VEO-IBD is the same as that given to the adolescents and adults with IBD (eg, anti-inflammatory agents, immunomodulators, biologics, antibiotics, and surgical approaches). Here, we report a rare case of very early onset IBD of a 11 months old male infant, who presented with the complaints of blood and mucus mixed loose watery stool for 10 days, having similar episodes for last five months. He was mildly pale, and had thrombocytosis with raised C reactive protein (CRP), features of colitis in stool routine microscopic test. The diagnosis was confirmed by colonoscopy and histopathology study, which showed features of Crohn’s colitis. He was treated by anti-inflammatory drugs (steroid and mesalazine) with a significant improvement in a short time.
Bangladesh Med J. 2021 May; 50(2) : 45-49
Obituary news Vol.50(1)
Authors: Halim Kazi Shafiqul
Published: August 2022

Abstract not available
Bangladesh Med J. 2021 May; 50(2) : 50-52
EUROPEAN INTEGRATION AS A CHALLENGE FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ECONOMIC STATE SOVEREIGNTY
Authors: Yakoviyk Ivan , Bilousov Yevhen , Yefremova Kateryna
Published: August 2022

One of the most significant modern examples of political and economic integration for Ukraine is the EU, given the plan for European integration. In gaining membership in this integration entity, states face the issue of delegating their powers to the Union. The issue of modification of state sovereignty in the context of the EU’s relations with member states and candidate countries for EU membership is acute, which raises concerns about the forced restrictions on their state economic sovereignty.
The methodological basis of the study are such general-science and special methods as historical-legal, dialectical, comparative-legal, and others. The historical-legal method was used to study the genesis of the content of the legal categories of ‘economic sovereignty’, ‘sovereign debt’, and the stages of European integration. The usage of the dialectical method provided a comprehensive study of the process of forming EU economic policy, as well as defining the ratio between the categories of ‘economic sovereignty restriction’ and ‘restriction of sovereign economic rights of the state’. By using the comparative-legal method, the paper reveals the specifics of the approaches of individual states to the legal regulation of relations to ensure economic sovereignty and economic security of the state.
The study, based on the experience of the new EU member states, has shown that European integration as a whole contributes to changing the volume of sovereign powers of states during the implementation of economic state sovereignty. However, the authors conclude that such a process is twofold: on the one hand, factors that objectively reduce the economic sovereignty of countries through the delegation of their sovereign rights are increasing, and, on the other, most states voluntarily and consciously accept such restrictions to obtain economic, political, and social benefits.
TRANSFORMATION OF BAR IN WARTIME IN UKRAINE: ON THE WAY TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF JUSTICE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE ODESA REGION)
Authors: Khotynska-Nor Oksana , Bakaianova Nana
Published: August 2022

Russia's war against Ukraine, launched on 24 February 2022, had determined new conditions for the existence of Ukrainian society, the state, and all fields of activity. The Bar was no exception. As an institution of civil society that protects human rights and interests, the Bar is an integral element of fair justice, the right which is inviolable even in wartime. However, the war made its corrections and created new rules, determining the specificity of the attorneys` activity, their behaviour, and the activity of the attorneys` self-governing bodies in wartime.
The article presents the analysis of the peculiarities of functioning of the Bar of Ukraine in wartime on the example of the Odesa region. Its choice is due to the history and ancient traditions of Odesa Bar, whose representatives have already experienced periods of military aggression, and the available information about the results of its activity in wartime in the modern period. In wartime, it is impossible to obtain and systematize such data regarding the whole territory of Ukraine because part of the state is under occupation, and active hostilities are taking place on the other part.
The author's analysis was based on the decisions of the Odesa Regional Bar Council, the results of the activity of the Odesa Regional Qualification and Disciplinary Commission of the Bar, the results of their interaction with the Odesa Regional Military Administration, Odesa City Council, volunteer formations, volunteer organizations and foreign colleagues.
The authors used a chronological method, synthesis and a method of information analysis. Actual statistical and empirical data are used for proper argumentation of the conclusions.
A conclusion was made about the internal consolidation, as well as the external ability of the Bar to act together with civil society institutions and public authorities in countering the armed aggression against Ukraine.

This article was prepared as part of the scientific project ‘Justice in the Context of Sustainable Development’ Project No. 22BF042-01 (2022-2024).
LIABILITY MECHANISMS FOR WAR CRIMES COMMITTED AS A RESULT OF RUSSIA’S INVASION OF UKRAINE IN FEBRUARY 2022: TYPES, CHRONICLE OF THE FIRST STEPS, AND PROBLEMS
Authors: Kaluzhna Oksana , Shunevych Kateryna
Published: August 2022

Ukrainian law enforcement agencies are investigating more than 18,000 war crimes and crimes of aggression, including 18,177 violations of the laws and customs of war, more than 5,000 murders and 6,000 civilian injuries, and about 23,000 destructions of civilian infrastructure. We note these figures without considering the number of crimes committed in the occupied territories and the places of active hostilities. The number of crimes increases every day.
War crimes are a type of international crime, along with the crime of aggression, crimes against humanity, and genocide, which russia[1] is committing in Ukraine. However, in the article’s title, the term ‘war crimes’ is used in a unifying context.
The researchers outline the range of war crimes and note the lack of systematisation due to the non-ratification of the Rome Statute by Ukraine, which significantly complicates the qualification of crimes for practicing lawyers. The authors then analyse such mechanisms of bringing the military, officers, and officials of russia to justice as: а) the International Criminal Court (ICC), b) ad hoc tribunals, с) the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), d) national judicial systems on the principle of universal jurisdiction e) criminal proceedings of Ukraine, f) eclectic forms of cooperation of justice bodies of Ukraine with foreign and international partners, together with the chronology of the first steps for each. The rationality of the establishment of a special international ad hoc tribunal exists because of the duration of the proceedings in the IСС, the ІСС workload and lack of funding, and the non-extension of the ICC jurisdiction to the crime of aggression due to Ukraine’s non-ratification of the Rome Statute; ensuring the impartiality of the court in the eyes of the international community.
The authors draw the attention of the Ukrainian legislator to the need to improve the logistics of using foreign forensic experts’ opinions in criminal proceedings on war crimes in Ukraine by amending the Criminal Procedure Code (CPC) on the procedure for its verification as sources of evidence.
The research methodology includes logical, historical, statistical, comparative law, and system-structural methods. The information base consisted of international legal acts, national legislation, official resources of authorities and international institutions, and other open data.
RESTRICTIONS ON HUMAN RIGHTS DUE TO THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK
Authors: Savchenko Viktor , Michurin Ievgen , Kozhevnykova Viktoriia
Published: August 2022

The need to take measures to prevent the rapid spread of Covid-19 has led to the need for restrictive measures. Such trends require proper scientific and legal analysis, rethinking existing approaches to realizing rights. At the same time, the legal nature and essence of such restrictions should be clarified. This is due to the nature of the Covid-19 pandemic, and such restrictions have a positive effect on curbing the spread of the viral disease. Currently, the vector of major human rights violations is related to compulsory vaccination. It is necessary to continue this research and follow the practice of the European Court of Human Rights.
The study used general and special scientific methods of scientific research of legal phenomena, namely: comparative law, formal-logical, system-structural, dialectical, and other methods. The dialectical method of cognition allowed to study thoroughly the national civil legislation taking into account the international standards. The public interest in the form of safety, health, and human life determines the establishment of restrictions in connection with the Covid-19 pandemic. Here the goal of the state to ensure the security of the nation and the public interest are closely related. The comparative legal method was used to determine the common and distinctive features. The formal-logical method contributed to establishing the conceptual apparatus and content of current legislation, highlighting the contradictions in current legislation. The system of human rights was studied by system-structural analysis.
THE CONCEPT OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE DIGITAL ERA/ CHANGES AND CONSEQUENCES FOR JUDICIAL PRACTICE
Authors: Razmetaeva Yulia , Barabash Yurii , Lukianov Dmytro
Published: August 2022

The digital age has led to conceptual changes in human rights and their content, understanding, implementation, and protection. Discussions about expanding the range of both addressees and subjects of human rights are a consequence and, at the same time, a breeding ground for change. New challenges for rights related to technological development, the increasing influence of companies and organisations, the growing use of solutions based on artificial intelligence, and the habit of relying on such solutions have led to the need for a substantial revision of such aspects as the content of individual rights and their catalogue, the definition of the fourth generation of rights as bio-information, and the clarification of the concept of digital rights. Digitalisation, which in a broad sense represents the legal, political, economic, cultural, social, and political changes caused by the use of digital tools and technologies, covers the private and public spheres, revives our understanding of and research into human rights in a horizontal dimension, and influences the revision of their anthropological foundations.
The general philosophical framework of this research consisted of axiological and hermeneutic approaches, which allowed us to conduct a value analysis of fundamental human rights and changes in their perception, as well as to apply in-depth study and interpretation of legal texts. The study also relied on the comparative law method in terms of comparing legal regulation and law enforcement practice in different legal systems. The method of legal modelling was used to highlight the bio-information generation of human rights as the fourth generation of rights, as well as some scientific predictions in the field of human rights.
The article argues that it is necessary to change our approach to human rights in the digital era, to widen the circle of addressees of human rights obligations to include companies and organisations, and to be ready potentially recognise artificial intelligence as a subject in public relations and fundamental rights. The term ‘spectrum of algorithm-based digital technologies’ is proposed, which can more accurately describe those phenomena that are covered by the synonymous terms ‘artificial intelligence’ and ‘algorithm’. The article proposes to consider digital rights in three dimensions, as well as to take into account the subtle structural consequences of changing the concept of human rights in the digital era for judicial practice.
ABOUT ISSUE 3/2022 AND RESEARCHING AMID THE WAR IN UKRAINE
Authors: Izarova Iryna
Published: August 2022

This issue appears after six months of war in Ukraine. Every day of this unjustified war, people die fighting for our independence and freedom, for the rule of law and human rights. The only thing we can do as scholars is to continue our research, disprove false ideas and support the truth, and develop institutions and mechanisms for the protection of rights. Justice must prevail without any grounds for exclusion, and scholars should contribute to this goal.
The AJEE Gateway ‘Access to Justice Amid War’ helps to share quality research results in a timely manner. As a founder of this initiative, I believe it contributes to continuing and developing the latest research in the area of law in wartime. In this issue, we collected ten notes related to legal developments in wartime. I am particularly glad to see an article from a Syrian scholar in our journal, with a particular focus on the idea of military operations against a sovereign state.
Since wars are an unfortunate constant of human history, a balanced approach to the definition of law and mechanisms for preventing its violation and conflicts is necessary. The main goal of this approach should be the limitation and diminution of these conflicts, as well as the minimisation of the consequences and resources for their resolution.
With this in mind, the focus of our research project ‘Access to Justice Amid War’ will be to promote the voices and reflections of ordinary people suffering from war and convey their expectations about justice in cooperation with leading law scholars, sociologists, and economists tasked with finding ways to rethink justice based on the challenges of the wartime experiences and directed towards the sustainable development of the post-war period. Justice should prevail – this is the most important thing, and is a strong base for rebuilding peace. The restoration of Ukraine should be the next important goal for our research focus.
The AJEE Gateway ‘Access to Justice Amid War’ allows us to collect data and reports from various areas of law, covering the main types of illegal behaviour and people’s expectations regarding legal remedies. We believe that our authors will also focus their attention on the particular issues of the further restoration of Ukraine.
The first notes from this initial research gateway have been published as Online First Articles during these months and are included in this issue.
On behalf of our team, I thank all the authors who joined us and answered the call for materials related to the war in Ukraine. For the following issues, we are also seeking research on further legal reform in the period of the restoration of Ukraine after the war.
APPLICATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE JUDICIAL MECHANISMS
IN THE FIGHT AGAINST INTERNAL THREATS TO NATIONAL SECURITY IN CONDITIONS
OF RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR
Authors: Ilnytskyy Oleh
Published: August 2022

Judicial control and authorization of state coercion or other interference in the sphere of private legal interest is a universal standard for building a political and legal system based on the principles of the rule of law. To obtain reliable and substantiated conclusions, general and special research methods were used, which processed the results of theoretical research on the problems of administrative proceedings in Ukraine, materials of legal practice in the form of conclusions of international human rights institutions and Ukrainian courts. The study found that the proposed regulatory changes, which determine the dominant role of administrative courts in the application of sanctions related to the assets of individuals or the prohibition of political parties, perform a dual function - to ensure the necessary level of protection of rights, freedoms and interests of private individuals as well as administrative courts protect the national interests, national security, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine, counter terrorist activity, as well as prevent violations, restore violated rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of citizens of Ukraine, society and the state. Thus, the preconditions have been created for resolving these complex human rights issues while maintaining the necessary balance, even in exceptional martial law
Upaya Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru Dan Pelatihan Penulisan Karya Ilmiah di SD GMIT Se-Kecamatan Lobalain, Kabupaten Rote Ndao
Authors: Foeh Yonatan , Saingo Yakobus Adi , Daik Marlen Angela , Bekuliu Desty , Adu Sarci Henderiana , Selan Rima Febrianti Melianti , Daud Kelvin Arianto
Published: August 2022

Tujuan kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini sebagai upaya peningkatan kompetensi guru SD GMIT se-kecamatan Lobalain, Kabupaten Rote Ndao yang dilakukan dengan pelatihan penulisan karya tulis ilmiah melalui pendekatan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas PTK. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) merupakan suatu tindakan yang dilakukan oleh guru melalui kegiatan pembelajaran di dalam kelas dengan tujuan untuk memperbaiki kualitas pembelajaran dengan menggunakan beberapa metode atau pendekatan tertentu. Metode yang dijadikan acuan pelaksanaan kegiatan PKM kolaborasi tersebut adalah ceramah, tanya jawab, diskusi serta pelatihan. Tim mengarahkan guru untuk menyusun artikel ilmiah dengan pengimplementasian metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan setiap tahapan secara sistematika dan prosedural. Adapun tahapan-tahapan tersebut di antaranya yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi (siklus). Dalam metode PTK para guru dapat melaksanakan beberapa kali siklus sesuai kebutuhan penelitian untuk mampu mengukur tingkat ketercapaian kegiatan yang dilaksanakan. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dari 26 orang guru sebagai responden yang mengikuti kegiatan pelatihan. Hasil dari kegiatan PKM yaitu Tim PKM berhasil memberikan pengayaan pedagogik tentang pengembangan kurikulum dan evaluasi peserta didik berbasis kelas, pelatihan karya tulis ilmiah melalui metode PTK dan menulis artikel ilmiah dan penggunaan aplikasi mendeley dalam karya tulis ilmiah.
Anthropological Take on Cyber-security: How a Legacy Security Belief System is Impacting Us Today
Authors: Squires Susan
Published: August 2022

Between 70% and 97% of all cyber breaches can be attributed directly or indirectly to human errors (Ponemon Institute 2018) [1]. In this opinion piece, we explore the archeology of cyber-security embedded in 20th century legacy belief and its artifacts. During the “formative period” of the computer in the last quarter of the 20th century, computers became generally available to a few societies that existed at the time. Archaic documents, such as early advertisements and bills of sale, confirm the spread of these early tools from places of work to domestic spaces. From histories we know that such computers were primarily standalone devices. If connected, modem-mediated access to the early Internet was conducted through telephone lines, which provided a mechanism for sending emails to immediate kin, friends or workgroup members.
Ancient Thracian Heritage in A Bulgarian Folk Legend
Authors: Markov Vassil
Published: August 2022

The legend belongs to the widespread mythological story “The Dragon Wedding” in Bulgaria. She represent an ancient Thracian heritage in Bulgarian folk culture. The legend find a parallel in the ancient Thracian myth of the north wind Borei. In the form of a dragon, he abducted Princess Oritia from Athens. He made love to her on a cliff in Thrace and made her his wife. The localities associated with this type of Bulgarian folk legends are ancient Thracian rock sanctuaries. This is also the case with the Rusin’s stone near the village of Rusokastro, Burgas region. It is a testament to the remarkable cultural continuity existing in the Bulgarian lands
Upper Paleolithic Sites of the Tunka Rift Valley (Southwestern Cis-Baikal Area, Siberia): A Short Review
Authors: Kazansky Alexey Yu
Published: August 2022

Here we present a brief description of Paleolithic archaeological sites in Tunka rift valley in Baikal region, Siberia, Russia. Among ten sites of Paleolithic age currently known in the Tunka valley only 5 sites are stratified while all the others are represented by picking archaeological material. The most representative sections with rich archaeological complexes in the Tunka rift are the sections of the subaerial deposits of Tuyana and Bol’shoi Zangisan. The industry of Tuyana site contains products and technologies that can be identified as Aurignacoid.
Live Pre-Historic from Limited Collection and Agriculture (Base on Ethnoarchaeology Of Makhunik Livelihood Economy)
Authors: Rahimkhani Tahereh
Published: August 2022

Living economy is one of the most important parts of the life of early societies that is very important in the research of archaeologists .This research needs to high costs in laboratory studies and also the quality and mechanism of this economy is not very clear to us.
Turmeric, The Golden Spice: From Asia to Africa
Authors: Jagganath Dr Gerelene
Published: August 2022

Global interest in medical/scientific, ethno-botanical and culinary studies relating to the ‘golden spice’ turmeric has significantly increased in the past decade, yet sparse documented information on the uses of turmeric in traditional health remedies, food preparation, crafts and other customs on the African continent specifically, is also noted.
Angelology and Anthropology: A Regional Case Study of the Weighing of Souls
Authors: Eszenyi Edina
Published: August 2022

Angels are commonly delineated by how and to what extent they differ equally from human and divine, which makes angelology a rich source for anthropology. The heavenly messengers are believed to accompany humans along the winding paths of life.
Anthropological Speculations about Education in Pandemic Times
Authors: Santiago Carade Hildon Oliveira
Published: August 2022

When summer comes in the North hemisphere, school corridors may smell of fresh air, a sense of a new beginning, as teachers and students are headed for a new school year. However, not this August in many countries, because of the coronavirus pandemic.
Underwater Geoarchaeological Survey of Lake Pamvotis, Greece
Authors: George Papatheodorou
Published: August 2022

The Laboratory of Marine Geology and Physical Oceanography, Department of Geology, University of Patras, Greece conducted a systematic geophysical survey in the lake Pamvotis located at the north-western Greece. The purpose of the Pamvotis project was twofold: to investigate the geomorphological and environmental status of the lake and to detect possible archaeological or cultural heritage sites in the lake. The Ephorate of Underwater Antiquities supervised the later part of the project.
Confinement from Productive Activity: Towards a Psychological Configuration for Being
Authors: Ricardo Jesús García Gómez
Published: August 2022

The reality that we are living, permeated by the confinement, can lead us to develop new psychological processes that help us to better carry out an integral development of the psychological configuration. One of the processes that we carry out will be placed under an existentialist category: being. This configuration is developed in the moral process through the contact that we maintain with the circumstances that surround us, or with our productive activity.
Pauline Anthropology: Temples and Bodies as God’s Sanctuaries
Authors: Tasmuth Randar
Published: August 2022

Paul related the concepts of the temple, the body and the church to each other in many ways. In Corinth, numerous temples, rich in divine statues in human shape, represented the governing ideology. For the Jews, however, their own national narrative of God’s presence to their nation focused on the tabernacle, on the temple in Jerusalem. Based on the considerable significance of the word ‘body’ both for Greco-Roman and Hebrew symbolic worlds, Paul used the word ‘body’ like a common denominator or a link between the concepts of the temple, the individual human body and the community of believers.
Culture Renovating Society: The Uses of Humanities— —From Perspective of Cultural Industries and Digitalization’s Integration
Authors: Dongli Yang
Published: August 2022

Many humanities researchers are confused about the social and practical value of their professional researches which they think can only survive in ivory tower. In fact,humanities was organically and directly related to human life and living at birth, but it was seperated from them by some events in thought history.
Ten Years of Geo-Archeo-Mythological Studies in the Abruzzo Region –Central Italy: An Updated Review
Authors: Stoppa Francesco
Published: August 2022

Abruzzo region, in eastern-Central Italy, is an area undergoing active tectonics. It is prone to earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides, flooding, rapid coastal modification, mud volcanoes, and sinkholes. These natural phenomena, recorded since the Roman age, have impressed the local population, conditioning society, economy, and territory use and giving birth to myths (mythopoiesis).
The Nurnet Geoportal an Example oof Participatory Gis: A Review after Six Years
Authors: Demontis Roberto
Published: August 2022

A cultural heritage landscape is a defined geographical area that may have been modified by human activity and identified as having cultural heritage value by a community. In this field CRS4, by means of GIS, developed the Nurnet Geoportal (http://nurnet.crs4.it/nurnetgeo/) to manage and share information about the Bronze Age in Sardinia (Italy), identified in the Pre-Nuragic (3200−2700 BC) and Nuragic (up to the 2nd century AD) culture.
The New Testament Parody of Pontius Pilate’s Stepped Street
Authors: Meadors Dr. Edward P
Published: August 2022

Despite its massive presence in our cities, the accusations of vandalism have caused scholars of Italian language and culture to shy away from the analysis of graffiti. Another factor might also have been a certain traditional elite perspective, to the detriment of ordinariness and of the everyday. In today’s society of widespread control of both physical and virtual spaces through capillary video surveillance and online monitoring which sees the usable spaces for dissent reduced graffiti art still represents an opportunity for free communication.
A Phenomenological Turn in Archaeological Explanation: is it Possible?
Authors: Tsonev Tsoni
Published: August 2022

Archaeology borrows some ideas from semiotics which, in its reductionist variant, tends to see symbolic features as passive signs that only through the acts of human mind can acquire social value. As a consequence this confines research to strictly regional and time defined cultural entities characterized by linear evolution.
Estimation of Consumption Functions Using Savings Motive Hypothesis (SMH)
Authors: ALANİ Jimmy
Published: August 2022

In this paper a new consumption function is derived based on savings motive hypothesis (SMH). The major theory behind the SMH is that households save part of their income in period 1 and transfer it to period 2. Implying that consumption in period 1 is the addition of autonomous consumption and variable consumption in period 2. The validity of the SMH is tested by using data from India, Kenya, South Africa, Saudi Arabia, UK and USA for the period 1970 to 2018. The data analyses are performed by using World Bank Data and generalized least squares (GLS) method. The paper demonstrates that estimation of the consumption function could be done more accurately by using SMH of the consumption function. The MSH is based on the psychological savings motive theory. Some results in the paper can be used in making both household and national welfare decisions e.g. making use of the short run global marginal propensity to consume that is found to be 0.43.
Effect of different solvents on phytochemical and antimicrobial potential of licorice extract
Authors: Ahmed Saleha , Ahmad Asif , Izhar Kausar , Safdar Muhammad Naeem , Raja Muhammad Usman , Aslam Iram
Published: August 2022

Effect of the solvents ethanol, acetone, and distilled water at several concentrations on the antimicrobial potential, antioxidant activity, total flavonoid and phenolic content, and biochemical screening was studied for licorice extract. All extract at 100% solvent concentration showed the presence of phenols, carbohydrates, alkaloids, steroids, coumarins, tannins, saponins, and flavonoids followed by 75% and 50% concentrations except fatty acids, proteins, and quinones. The highest total phenolic content (114.17 mg/GAE) was observed in 100% ethanol extract and total flavonoid content (56 mg/QE) in 100% distilled water extract. The ethanol 100% extract had greatest antioxidant activity (62.3%) at 400µg/mL concentration. Antimicrobial effect was recorded higher against Streptococcus pyogenes (21mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (20mm) in 100% ethanol extract. Gram-negative bacteria showed resistance against all licorice extract. Due to various bioactive compounds in licorice extract it would be a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agent in the pharmaceutical and food industry with multiple health benefits
THE ROLE OF FORENSIC HANDWRITING EXAMINATION DURING THE INVESTIGATION OF CRIMES IN THE FIELD OF ECONOMICS
Authors: Babkov Andriy
Published: August 2022

Problematic aspects of forensic handwriting examinations within the framework of criminal proceedings during the investigation of crimes in the economic sphere of the state are considered as well as the methods of selection of comparative samples of a handwriting signature of a person that affect the quality of selected samples and the results of handwriting studies of signatures of persons who deliberately changed their personal signatures by simplifying their constructive complexity and reducing the volume of graphic material when signing official documents. The effectiveness and validity of the results of the handwriting study of signatures of persons who intentionally and consciously change their personal signatures by simplifying their constructive complexity and reducing the volume of graphic material when signing official documents depends on the application by the initiator of the examination of the necessary techniques for sampling, from which it is necessary to take experimental samples. signatures.

The legal framework is currently not ideal and allows fraudsters to use certain mechanisms of state institutions for their own enrichment or non-payment of taxes or other means provided for by the legislation of Ukraine, by forging or distorting documents.

Within the framework of the already established theoretical and methodological foundations of forensic handwriting, the creative nature of expert knowledge and the features of expert thinking are revealed.

Key words: examination, the standard of signature, authorial forgery, tactics, acceptance, method.
FEATURES OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING IN THE CONDUCT OF FORENSIC FIRE AND TECHNICAL EXAMINATION
Authors: Borys Oleksandr , Shmereho Oleksandr
Published: August 2022

The article deals with the formation of the organizational and methodological foundations for conducting fire-technical examinations carried out within the framework of administrative cases at the suit of state supervision (control) in the field of technogenic and fire safety on the implementation of response measures in the form of a complete or partial suspension of the operation of inspection objects.

It has been established that there are no clear assessment criteria for violations of norms and rules that determine the degree of threat to life and health of people as a result of exposure to fire hazards. The specified uncertainty causes the doubtfulness of evidence and limits the possibility of making procedural decisions when considering administrative cases regarding the implementation of response measures by supervisory (control) bodies. In accordance with the established by judicial practice, it becomes necessary to form sufficient evidence in a public law dispute using special knowledge in the field of fire safety through the adoption of decisions on the appointment of forensic fire and technical examinations. At the same time, a scientifically-based approach to conducting this kind of a fire-technical examination has not been established.

The problems of scientific and technical support of expert research are defined. The purpose, subject, object, tasks, algorithm, and research methods are formed. The basis of the proposed organizational and methodological approach to conducting fire-technical examinations is the algorithm of expert studies aimed at improving evidence-based information. The dialectical methods of expert research and the method of mathematical modeling are defined and proposed as tools for scientific and technical support of fire-technical expertise. The necessity of consistent integration into forensic activities of innovative approaches and technologies, which is the method of mathematical modeling, is substantiated.

The necessity of introducing a procedural procedure (a mechanism) of expert research is substantiated in order to ensure the staging, the legality of the formation of an expert opinion as evidence in an administrative case at the claim of state supervision (control) in the field of technogenic and fire safety on the implementation of response measures.

The need for further scientific research aimed at improving the activities of scientific and technical support of fire-technical examinations through the development, formation, and introduction into expert practice of the methodology for conducting relevant expert research has been proved.

Key words: fire-technical examination, fire safety, life/health, research methods,
evidence, response measures, supervision (control).
METHODS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF EXPERT STUDIES OF ELECTRICITY MEASURING DEVICES EXPOSED TO THE IMPACT OF RADIO-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
Authors: Rohalin Serhii
Published: August 2022

Investigation of the influence of electromagnetic radiation on the operation of electronic metering devices for electricity is one of the demanded areas of forensic electrical engineering expertise. However, the scientific and practical study of this area of forensic research does not coincide with modern requirements. The study of the influence of electromagnetic radiation of the radio frequency range on the operation of electronic metering devices for electricity, as well as the identification of such radiation as accidental or intentionally created for the purpose of unaccounted consumption of electricity, are relevant.

The article systematizes the requirements established by regulatory documents for the stability of the operation of metering devices for electricity when exposed to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation. The mechanism of the influence of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on electric energy metering devices and the
constructive elements of metering devices sensitive to the effects of such radiation
is determined.

A list of the necessary initial data for conducting forensic examinations on the determination of the impact of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on the investigated metering device and the tasks of identifying radiofrequency radiation devices as an effect is indicated. Conditions are determined under which the conclusion about interference in the operation of the metering device for the purpose of unaccounted electricity consumption may be categorical. Recommendations have been developed to determine the source of radiofrequency radiation as probable in cases where the source is not provided for instrumental research in expert proceedings to study the interference in the operation of the metering device.

A methodology has been developed for conducting forensic examinations on the issues of determining the existence of the impact of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on the investigated metering device for the purpose of unaccounted consumption of electrical energy and the tasks of identifying radiofrequency radiation devices as sources of influence. The developed methodology is recommended for use in forensic practice according to the stages of the study, together with the provisions and generalizations set out in the article.

Key words: electric energy metering device, interference in the operation of the metering device, electromagnetic radiation, radiation frequency, electric field, electric field strength, electromagnetic field, Umov-Poynting vector, radiation power, classes of electromagnetic environment.
THE USE OF SPECIAL KNOWLEDGE IN THE INVESTIGATION OF EXPLOSIONS OF GAS AND DUST MIXTURES IN COAL MINES
Authors: Krupka Yaroslav , Zavialova Olena , Kostenko Viktor , Kostenko Tetyana
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the generalization of approaches to conducting forensic mining examinations in the investigation of explosions of gas-dust mixtures in coal mines. The practical significance of the obtained results is the use of special practical knowledge of mining and other types of forensic examinations (trasological, petrochemical, firetechnical, etc.) in the investigation of explosions of gas-dust mixtures in coal mines, which will ensure rapid, complete, and safe investigation.

A characteristic feature of explosion studies is that conclusions about reliable circumstances, causes and consequences of emergency situations can often be made with the combined use of classical mining, forensic and other expert techniques. General conclusions of mining engineering and other types of expertise (trasological, petrochemical, fire-technical, etc.) in the study of explosions make it possible to: determine the technical condition of workings, machines, mechanisms and equipment; establish reliable circumstances, causes and consequences of emergency situations; consider causal relationships between the actions of specific individuals and the requirements of regulatory legal acts on labor protection.

Key words: coal mine, accident, gas-dust mixture explosion, high-temperature flame front, toxic and harmful combustion products, emergency, investigation, air wave.
FEATURES OF A COMPREHENSIVE FIRE-TECHNICAL STUDY OF THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF FIRES ON MOTOR-TRACTOR EQUIPMENT EQUIPPED WITH DIESEL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES WITH A COMMON RAIL INJECTION SYSTEM
Authors: Stelmashov Ihor
Published: August 2022

In the expert practice of fire research there is an increasing need for forensic complex fire-technical and mechanical engineering examinations. This need is especially relevant against the background of growing fires in Ukraine on modern foreign-made vehicles. In particular, those equipped with internal combustion diesel engines with Common Rail injection system.

Key words: forensic fire-technical and mechanical-engineering examination,
diesel internal combustion engine, fuel system, Common Rail injection system.