bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biliary Endoscopic Drainage of Septic ICU Patients Deemed Emergent (BEDSIDE)
Authors: Chittajallu Vibhu , Elangovan Abbinaya , Omar Yazan Abu , Satyavada Sagarika , Hayat Umar , Vozzo Catherine , Wong Richard C. , Dumot John A. , Glessing Brooke , Isenberg Gerard A. , Faulx Ashley L. , Chak Amitabh
Published: February 2024

Background
Mortality for severe acute cholangitis is significantly reduced after endoscopic biliary drainage. Our institution has utilized ERCP without fluoroscopy in the intensive care unit (ICU), termed Biliary Endoscopic Drainage of Septic ICU patients Deemed Emergent (BEDSIDE) ERCP, in rare circumstances for critically ill patients with severe acute cholangitis where timely conventional ERCP was not available and delayed biliary drainage could adversely affect clinical outcomes. The objective of this study is to describe the BEDSIDE technique and its feasibility to provide expedited biliary drainage in critically ill patients in the ICU with severe acute cholangitis where timely conventional ERCP was not available.
Methods
We performed a retrospective cohort study from 2012–2022 at our tertiary care hospital system of patients who underwent BEDSIDE ERCP for acute cholangitis. Data collection included demographics, hospital course, and endoscopic findings.
Results
We identified 14 patients who underwent BEDSIDE ERCPs. Identified patients were critically ill with high incidences of vasopressor requirements (79%), mechanical ventilation (43%), and SIRS (100%). Median time from admission to ERCP was 13.6 hrs (range 9.3–18.5 hrs). BEDSIDE approach had successful biliary stent placement in 11 patients (79%), including all 5 patients with prior biliary sphincterotomies. 30-day cholangitis-related mortality was 14%.
Conclusion
BEDSIDE ERCP is proposed as a feasible approach to expedited biliary drainage for critically ill patients in the ICU with severe acute cholangitis in the rare circumstances that timely conventional ERCP with fluoroscopy is unavailable and further delayed biliary drainage could negatively affect clinical outcomes.
Chlamydia psittaci detected at a live poultry wholesale market in central China
Authors: Zhang Rusheng , Fu Huiyuan , Luo Can , Huang Zheng , Pei Ruiqing , Di Yu , Zhu Caiying , Peng Jiayi , Hu Huiqi , Chen Shan , Chen Jingfang , Chen Lamei , Xu Mingzhong , Yang Xuewen , Yang Rengui
Published: February 2024

Background
We investigated the presence of Chlamydia psittaci in poultry and the environment in live poultry wholesale markets in Changsha during 2021–2022 and conducted phylogenetic analysis to understand its distribution in this market.
Methods
In total, 483 samples were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction and 17 C. psittaci-positive samples using high-throughput sequencing, BLAST similarity, and phylogenetic analysis.
Results
Twenty two out of 483 poultry and environmental samples were positive for C. psittaci (overall positivity rate: 4.55%) with no difference in positivity rates over 12 months. Chlamydia psittaci was detected at 11 sampling points (overall positivity rate: 27.5%), including chicken, duck, and pigeon/chicken/duck/goose shops, with pigeon shops having the highest positivity rate (46.67%). The highest positivity rates were found in sewage (12.5%), poultry fecal (7.43%), cage swab (6.59%), avian pharyngeal/anorectal swab (3.33%), and air (2.29%) samples. The ompA sequences were identified in two strains of C. psittaci, which were determined to bear genotype B using phylogenetic analysis. Thus, C. psittaci genotype B was detected in the poultry and environmental samples from the poultry wholesale market in Changsha during monitoring.
Conclusions
Monitoring programs for C. psittaci in live markets need to be strengthened to address the possible zoonotic threat.
Techno-Economic Assessment of Biohydrogen Production from Dark Fermentation of Wastewater Sludge
Authors: Alam Monisha , Nayan Nusrat Fatema
Published: February 2024

This paper explores a simulation model for biohydrogen production by dark fermentation of wastewater sludge using the Aspen Plus process simulation software. The process includes sludge pretreatment, hydrolysis, fermentation and post-treatment of the products though separation and purification. The outcomes of the model serve as inputs for a techno-economic analysis to assess the economic viability of the process. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis is employed to scrutinize the influence of crucial variables on the overall process. Finally, a greenhouse gas emission potential of the proposed system was obtained from literature, to ensure the environmental benefits from this process. The cost analysis for 23 ton/day sludge processing capacity dark fermentation plant showed a biohydrogen production cost of $11.4/kg of hydrogen produce. The capital cost and the labor cost have been the key contributors to the production cost. The biohydrogen price decreased to $5.9/ kg when the plant was scaled up to 500 ton/day capacity. Examining the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission potential of the process from literature unveiled a substantial reduction in GHG emissions and a carbon credit of $90/ ton CO2-eq can lower the biohydrogen production price to $1.28/kg, rendering it competitive to hydrogen price produced from natural gas-based technology.
Biomarkers of Biological Age: Metabolomic Insights from the TMM Cohort Project
Authors: Sakurai Miyuki , Motoike Ikuko N. , Hishinuma Eiji , Aoki Yuichi , Tadaka Shu , Kogure Mana , Orui Masatsugu , Ishikuro Mami , Obara Taku , Nakaya Naoki , Kumada Kazuki , Hozawa Atsushi , Kuriyama Shinichi , Yamamoto Masayuki , Koshiba Seizo , Kinoshita Kengo
Published: February 2024

Understanding the physiological changes associated with aging and the associated disease risks is essential to establish biomarkers as indicators of biological aging. This study used the NMR-measured plasma metabolome to calculate age-specific metabolite indices. In doing so, the scope of the study was deliberately simplified to capture general trends and insights into age-related changes in metabolic patterns. In addition, changes in metabolite concentrations with age were examined in detail, with the period from 55-59 to 60-64 years being a period of significant metabolic change, particularly in men, and from 45-49 to 50-54 years in females. These results illustrate the different variations in metabolite concentrations by sex and provide new insights into the relationship between age and metabolic diseases.
CGRP as a potential mediator for the sexually dimorphic responses to traumatic brain injury
Authors: Li Chunyan , Ajmal Erum , Khaled Alok , Powell Keren , Wadolowski Steven , Turpin Justin , Barthélemy Ernest , LeDoux David
Published: February 2024

Background
The outcomes of traumatic brain injury (TBI) exhibit variance contingent upon biological sex. Although female sex hormones exert neuroprotective effects, the administration of estrogen and progesterone has not yielded conclusive results. Hence, it is conceivable that additional mediators, distinct from female sex hormones, merit consideration due to their potential differential impact on TBI outcomes. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) exhibits sexually dimorphic expression and demonstrates neuroprotective effects in acute brain injuries. In this study, we aimed to examine sex-based variations in TBI structural and functional outcomes with respect to CGRP expression.
Methods
Male and female Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to controlled cortical impact to induce severe TBI, followed by interventions with and without CGRP inhibition. In the acute phase of TBI, the study centered on elucidating the influence of CGRP on oxidative stress, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) signaling in the peri-impact tissue. Subsequently, during the chronic phase of TBI, the investigation expanded to evaluate CGRP expression in relation to lesion volume, microvascular dysfunction, and white matter injury, as well as working and spatial memory, anxiety-like, and depression-like behaviors in subjects of both sexes.
Results
Female rats exhibited elevated levels of CGRP in the peri-impact brain tissue during both baseline conditions and in the acute and chronic phases of TBI, in comparison to age-matched male counterparts. Enhanced CGRP levels in specific brain sub-regions among female rats correlated with superior structural and functional outcomes following TBI compared to their male counterparts. CGRP inhibition induced heightened oxidative stress and a reduction in the expression of Nrf2 and eNOS in both male and female rats, with the observed alteration being more pronounced in females than in males.
Conclusions
This study marks the inaugural identification of CGRP as a downstream mediator contributing to the sexually dimorphic response observed in TBI outcomes.
Pulmonary glue embolism after radiological embolization of pelvic varices: A case report.
Authors: Longueville Elise , Dury Sandra , Ancel Julien , Attali Jonathan , Larad-Riffault Rahma , Pierrot Camille , Perotin Jeanne-Marie , Deslee Gaetan
Published: February 2024

Background: Non-thrombotic pulmonary embolism (NTPE) is defined as embolization in the pulmonary circulation of biological or non-biological substances and foreign bodies. The migration of glue in the pulmonary circulation during interventional procedures is unusual and has been reported mainly after gastroenterological procedures. The most severe cases of NTPE can be life-threatening.
Case presentation: A 31-year-old woman developed respiratory failure 24 hours after radiological embolization of pelvic varices. Glue embolization was detected during the intervention and was confirmed on a chest CT scan showing multiple bilateral hyperdense elements up to sub-pleural regions. The patient developed respiratory symptoms 24 hours after the procedure, progressively worsening with oxygen requirement up to 6 L/min. A follow-up chest CT angiography showed a thrombotic pulmonary embolism. Treatments included curative anticoagulation, antibiotherapy, corticosteroids, and oxygen, leading to improvement after 10 days of treatment.
Conclusions: This case report highlights that NTPE can occur after all interventional procedures using glue including pelvic procedures and can be complicated by thrombotic pulmonary embolism.
Prognostic Biomarkers for Delayed Cerebral Ischemia Post-Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Evaluating CSF 8-iso-Prostaglandin F2α and Erythrocyte Anisocytosis
Authors: Wiśniewski Karol , Zaczkowski Karol , Szmyd Bartosz , Popęda Marta , Bieńkowski Michał , Posmyk Bartłomiej , Bobeff Ernest Jan , Jaskólski Dariusz J.
Published: February 2024

Background
Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is a serious, life-threatening, complication affecting patients who have survived the initial bleeding from a ruptured intracranial aneurysm. Due to the challenging diagnosis, potential DCI prognostic markers should be of value in clinical practice. According to recent reports isoprostanes and red blood cell distribution (RDW) showed to be promising in this respect.
Methods
We conducted a prospective study with a control group (n=8), recruiting aSAH patients (n=27), who underwent surgery within the first day of the initial bleeding. We collected data regarding clinical status and results of biochemical, and radiological examinations. We measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentration of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (F2-IsoP) and RDW on day 1, 3, and 5.
Results
Both CSF F2-IsoP level and RDW measured on day 1 were significant predictors of DCI. The receiver operating characteristics curve for DCI prediction based on the multivariate model yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.924 (95%CI: 0.824-0.1, p<0.01).
Conclusions
In our study, the model based on the combination of RDW and the level of isoprostanes in CSF on the first day after the initial bleeding showed a prognostic value for DCI prediction. Further studies are required to validate this observation.
Chloroplast Genome Analysis and Evolutionary Insights in the Versatile Medicinal Plant Calendula officinalis L
Authors: Zhang Ningyun , Huang Kerui , Xie Peng , Deng Aihua , Jiang Ming , Mo Ping , Yin Hanbin , Tang Xuan , Huang Rongjie , Liang Jiale , He Fuhao , Hu Haoliang , Wang Yun
Published: February 2024

Calendula officinalis L.is a versatile medicinal plant with numerous applications in various fields. However, its chloroplast genome structure, features, phylogeny, and patterns of evolution and mutation remain largely unexplored. This study examines the chloroplast genome, phylogeny, codon usage bias, and divergence time of C. officinalis, enhancing our understanding of its evolution and adaptation. The chloroplast genome of C. officinalis is a 150,465 bp circular molecule with a G+C content of 37.75% and comprises 131 genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close relationship between C. officinalis, C. arvensis, and Osteospermum ecklonis. A key finding is the similarity in codon usage bias among these species, which, coupled with the divergence time analysis, supports their close phylogenetic proximity. This similarity in codon preference and divergence times underscores a parallel evolutionary adaptation journey for these species, highlighting the intricate interplay between genetic evolution and environmental adaptation in the Asteraceae family.
Establishing the distribution of cerebrovascular resistance using computational fluid dynamics and 4D flow MRI
Authors: Vikström Axel , Holmlund Petter , Holmgren Madelene , Wåhlin Anders , Zarrinkoob Laleh , Malm Jan , Eklund Anders
Published: February 2024

Cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) regulates blood flow in the brain, but little is known about the vascular resistances of the individual cerebral territories. We present a method to calculate these resistances and investigate how CVR varies in the hemodynamically disturbed brain. We included 48 patients with stroke/TIA (29 with symptomatic carotid stenosis). By combining flow rate (4D flow MRI) and structural computed tomography angiography (CTA) data, and using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) we computed the perfusion pressures out from the circle of Willis, with which CVR of the MCA, ACA, and PCA territories was estimated. 56 controls were included for comparison of total CVR. CVR were 33.8 ± 10.5, 59.0 ± 30.6, and 77.8 ± 21.3 mmHg·s/ml for the MCA, ACA, and PCA territories. We found no differences in total CVR between patients, 9.3 ± 1.9 mmHg·s/ml, and controls, 9.3 ± 2.0 mmHg·s/ml (p = 0.88), nor in territorial CVR in the carotid stenosis patients between ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres. Territorial resistance associated inversely to territorial brain volume (p < 0.001). These resistances may work as reference values when modelling blood flow in the circle of Willis, and the method can be used when there is need for subject-specific analysis.
Ring Current Local Time Dependence during geomagnetic storms using equatorial Dst - proxies
Authors: Pinzon-Cortes Santiago , Gómez-Pérez Natalia , Domínguez Santiago Vargas
Published: February 2024

Monitoring geomagnetic activity is essential for predicting and mitigating the impacts of space weather on our planet. Damages to infrastructure, GPS failures, communication disruptions, and electrical power blackouts, as well as enhanced decay of satellites' orbits, may all be a consequence of intense geomagnetic storms. To be able to mitigate geomagnetic storms impact, we can study magnetospheric equatorial currents by monitoring storms effect at low latitudes and ground level. In this paper, we calculate Local Disturbance indices (LDi) using data from two equatorial observatories (Ascension ASC and Fúquene FUQ) to use them as Dst-index proxies. We find that the LDi response to geomagnetic storms is different depending on the observatory's local time at the storm onset. In order to explore this local time influence on the measurements on the ground at low latitudes, we build new proxies using two observatories located at approximately the same longitude. The average of the longitude pairs exhibit strong correlation to the Dst index (≥ 0.88) during active periods and a moderate correlation (≥ 0.5) during quiet periods. We find that the storm intensity is associated with local time. We confirm that the fastest variation in the geomagnetic field during the storm is recorded between dusk and midnight, while the region between dawn and noon records more moderate variations, sometimes missing the storm effects altogether. Our results show an azimuthal asymmetry of the magnetospheric ring current, becoming most intense on the night side of the dusk terminator during active periods. We suggest that a global index is not enough to characterise the risk from geomagnetic storms. A local-time dependent index could be used, and good local time coverage of the equatorial magnetic field is important to better quantify and forecast possible impacts to infrastructure on Earth and space.
Is There a Correlation Between Physical Properties and Film Thickness of Dual- and Photo- polymerized Luting Resins and CAD/CAM-Dentin Micro-Tensile Bond Strength?
Authors: El-Askary Farid , Tadros Nader , Hassanien Abdullah , Aboalazm Emad , Kamel Mohamed Amr , Özcan Mutlu
Published: February 2024

Objective To correlate µTBS of photo- and dual-polymerized luting resins with film thickness (FT), Vicker's hardness (HV) and ultimate-tensile strength (UTS).Methods Human molars (N = 30) were divided (6-groups) according to: 1: Luting resin: Dual- [Bifix QM, (BF)], or photo-polymerized [GrandioSo Heavy Flow (GHF) and VisCalor Bulk (VB)] and 2: Adhesive mode (Optibond Universal): Etch-and-rinse (ER) or self-etching (SE). CAD/CAM blocks (7x7x4mm3) were air-abraded (50µm Al2O3/10s/0.2MPa) and silanated. For ER, dentin was etched (15s), rinsed (30s), and blot-dried. For both modes, adhesive was applied (20s), air-dried (5s) and photo-polymerized (10s). Sticks (1x1mm2) were aged either for 24-hours or for 6-months. Sticks were pulled in tension (1mm/min). Debonded sticks were evaluated for failure mode. For FT, nine-bonded slabs/each cement were evaluated. For UTS, eight-hourglass specimens/each cement were tested. For HV, 5-discs/each cement were evaluated using Vicker’s hardness tester. Data were analysed using ANOVA/Pearson's correlation tests (α = 0.05).Results No correlation between µTBS/HV was revealed (P > 0.05). Positive correlation between µTBS/FT and µTBS/UTS (p < 0.05) were observed. Three-Way ANOVA revealed all experimental factors had significant effect on µTBS (p < 0.05). The VB showed significant lower µTBS (20.8 ± 9.3MPa). The ER mode showed higher µTBS (26.0 ± 10.9MPa), and 24-hours revealed the higher µTBS (27.4 ± 10.0MPa). Mixed failure was the predominate type (42.51%). The VB showed the highest FT (122.2 ± 11.9µm). The GHF revealed higher UTS and HV (112.5 ± 19.7MPa and 91.6 ± 0.4Kgf respectively).Conclusions Photo-polymerized flowable resin can substitute dual-polymerized cement for CAD/CAM composite bonding.Clinical relevance: Photo-polymerized flowable composite can replace the dual-polymerized resin cement one to bond CAD/CAM composite to dentin.
High body-mass index a risk factor for colon and rectal cancer in Asia during 1990 to 2019: a cross-national study
Authors: Goodarzi Elham , Ghaderi Mahtab , Madadi Zahra , Ghiasi Ali , Azizi Mehrshad , Fazeli Tayebeh
Published: February 2024

Background:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most prevalent cancer globally and is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Epidemiological evidence consistently establishes a correlation between obesity and colorectal cancer. The study aims to examine the prevalence of colorectal cancer in relation to high body mass index (BMI) across Asian countries.
Methods:
This population-based study utilized epidemiological data on colorectal cancer attributed to high BMI sourced from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) 2019 database. The data encompassed deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and age-standardized rates, stratified by gender and country within the Asian continent. We assessed trends in mortality and DALYs from 1990 to 2019. Additionally, Pearson correlation analysis explored the association between Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) and the burden of colon and rectal cancer attributable to high BMI.
Results:
Asia documented the highest DALY attributed to high BMI, reaching 774.9 per 1000. Notably, death rates and DALYs associated with high BMI exhibited an upward trajectory with age. Vietnam (557.9%) and Nepal (367.6%) demonstrated the highest percentage changes in age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) from 1990 to 2019, while Vietnam (556.73%) and Indonesia (354.91%) led in age-standardized death rates (ASDR) changes. Results underscored a substantial increase in ASMR and ASDR attributed to high BMI in the Asian continent from 1990 to 2019, predominantly among men. Furthermore, we established a positive and significant correlation between ASMR and high BMI (r=0.72, p-value<0.0001).
Conclusion:
Given the observed rise in mortality and DALYs associated with colon and rectal cancer attributed to high BMI, particularly among men in developed countries, intervention measures aimed at mitigating this burden are imperative. This study highlights the urgency of implementing targeted interventions to reduce the impact of high BMI on colorectal cancer mortality and overall disease burden.
Acid-catalyzed transformation of orange waste into furfural: the effect of pectin degree of esterification
Authors: Rivera-Cedillo Eva Estela , González-Chávez Marco Martin , Handy Brent Edward , Quintana-Olivera Maria-Fernanda , López-Mercado Gloria Janneth , Galindo María Guadalupe Cárdenas
Published: February 2024

The transformation of biomasses from agro-industrial waste can significantly impact the production of green chemicals from sustainable resources. Pectin is a biopolymer present in lignocellulosic biomass as Orange Peel Waste (OPW), and has possibilities for making platform compounds such as furfural for sustainable chemistry. In this work, we studied the transformation to furfural of OPW, pectins, and D-galacturonic acid (D-GalA), which is the main component of pectin. We analyzed pectins with different degrees of esterification (DE) in a one-pot hydrolysis reaction system and studied the differences in depolymerization and dehydration of the carbohydrates. The results show that the production of furfural decreases as the DE value increases. Specifically, low DE values favor the formation of furfural since the decarboxylation reaction is favored over deesterification. Interestingly, the furfural concentration is dependent upon the polysaccharide composition of pentoses and uronic acid. The obtained concentrations of furfural, D-xylose, and L-arabinose remained the same when the galacturonic acid was fed either as a polymer or a monomer. OPW is proposed as a feedstock in a biorefinery, in which on a per kg OPW dry basis, 90 g of pectin and 15 g of furfural are produced in the most favorable case. We conclude that the co-production of pectin and furfural from OPW is economically feasible.
Impact of universal hepatitis B virus (HBV) screening using chemotherapy orders on the HBV reactivation in cancer patients
Authors: Marty Céline , Adam Jean-Philippe , Martel-Laferrière Valérie , Doucet Stéphane , Martel Dominic
Published: February 2024

Introduction
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation (HBVr) induced by chemotherapy in patients with resolved or chronic infection can lead to severe consequences. Despite recommendations, rates of HBV screening before chemotherapy are low due to poor recognition of risk factors by clinicians. The aim of the study is to assess whether routine HBV screening using universal HBV screening on chemotherapy orders (CO) could reduce HBVr incidence.
Methods
This is a one-year retrospective single-center observational study of patients who received intravenous chemotherapy post implementation of CO. We compared the incidence of HBVr in three groups of patients: those screened through CO (group 1), those screened by the medical team (group 2) and those not screened (group 3).
Results
On a total of 1374 patients, 179 of 206 patients were screened as requested on CO (group 1) and 421 by the medical team (group 2), whereas 747 patients were not screened (group 3). Only 1 HBVr occurred, and no difference was seen on the incidence of HBVr between group 1 and group 3 (0% vs 0.1%; p=1.00), probably because of a lack of follow‑up after chemotherapy. Follow‑up for HBVr was imperfect in group 1 and group 2 (16.7% vs 5.6%; p=0.32). Screening was done for 92% of patients on anti‑CD20 therapy. In group 3, 89 patients had ALT elevation during chemotherapy but only 17 (19%) were tested for HBVr.
Conclusion
Universal HBV screening on CO is useful to implement HBV detection and can help to prevent HBVr. Nevertheless, this screening method do not guarantee optimal follow‑up and requires improvements.
Uncovering Causal Associations of Immune Cells with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: 王 淑娴 , Su Sensen , Zhang Deyou , Pan Tingting , Wu Hao
Published: February 2024

Background
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by progressive joint damage and functional limitations, often accompanied by comorbidities. While the impact of immune cells on the development of RA is recognized, the precise causal relationships with various immunophenotypes are yet to be fully understood.
Methods
We performed a comprehensive two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to explore the associations between immunophenotypes and RA. Utilizing publicly available genetic datasets, we examined causal links involving 731 immune cell traits, categorized into four groups: relative cell counts (RC), median fluorescence intensities (MFI), morphological parameters (MP), and absolute cell counts (AC). Extensive sensitivity analyses were carried out to validate the robustness of our results. These analyses aimed to assess heterogeneity and investigate the potential influence of horizontal pleiotropy.
Results
After applying FDR correction, two specific immunophenotypes were found to be associated with RA: CD33dim HLA-DR + CD11b+ %CD33dim HLA-DR + and CD33dimHLA-DR + CD11b-%CD33dimHLA-DR+. The odds ratios (ORs) for RA risk forthese immunophenotypes, calculated using the inverse variance weighting(IVW) method, were 0.970 (95% CI = 0.955–0.985, P = 1.09×10− 4, PFDR = 0.058) and 1.027 (95% CI = 1.011–1.042, P = 5.05×10− 4, PFDR = 0.074), respectively. In contrast, without FDR correction, six additional immunophenotypes showed significant associations with RA: CD14 on CD33dim HLA-DR + CD11b+, CD16 on CD14 + CD16 + monocytes, CD11b on basophils, CD3 on TD CD4+, PDL-1 on CD14- CD16 + monocytes, and CD4 on HLA-DR + CD4+. Of these, the first two were linked to increased RA risk, while the latter four exhibited protective characteristics.
Conclusions
This study highlights a strong genetic link between immune cell profiles and RA, illuminating potential targets for innovative therapeutic strategies.
Successful treatment of severe renal failure caused by malignant hypertension using a combination of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors: a case report
Authors: Harada Wataru , Maeoka Yujiro , Takahashi Akira , Yoshida Mahoko , Osaki Yosuke , Ishiuchi Naoki , Sasaki Kensuke , Masaki Takao
Published: February 2024

Background: Marked activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays an important role in hypertensive emergencies, in particular malignant hypertension, by worsening hypertension and renal function. The rates of readmission for severe hypertension and cardiovascular disease in such emergencies are high, suggesting that suppression of the RAAS may be not adequate during the acute phase in some cases. Although treatment with a combination of RAAS inhibitors decreases blood pressure (BP) to a greater extent than monotherapy, its specific impact on malignant hypertension has not been reported.
Case presentation: A 41-year-old woman presented with malignant hypertension complicated with renal insufficiency (creatinine 3.93 mg/dL) and massive proteinuria (4.0 g/day). Renal biopsy confirmed malignant nephrosclerosis and thrombotic microangiopathy. Antihypertensive therapy was administered, including an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), aliskiren (a direct renin inhibitor), and spironolactone, a nonselective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, which preserved renal function effectively and normalized BP. Plasma renin activity was extremely high (131.9 ng/mL/h) on admission but normalized within almost 2 weeks after initiation of antihypertensive treatment. Although aliskiren and spironolactone were discontinued before discharge, BP was well controlled and renal function was further improved (creatinine 1.14 mg/dL) at follow-up 24 months after discharge.
Discussion: This case of renal failure induced by malignant hypertension was successfully treated with a combination of RAAS inhibitors (i.e., a direct renin inhibitor, an angiotensin receptor blocker, and a nonselective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist). The controlled BP and improved renal function during both the short term and long term in this patient suggest that adequate suppression of the RAAS cascade during the acute phase of malignant hypertension is potentially effective in terms of breaking the vicious circle of malignant hypertension and hyperreninemia.
Service Quality Optimization in Entrepreneurial Ventures: A Sustainable Approach Amidst Inflation and Price Hike
Authors: Gupta Reena
Published: February 2024

This research explores the nuanced landscape of service quality optimization in entrepreneurial ventures amid the challenges posed by inflation and price hikes. The study employs a qualitative approach, utilizing in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with entrepreneurs from diverse industries. Through a thematic analysis, the findings shed light on the dynamic strategies employed by entrepreneurs to adapt and thrive in the face of economic uncertainties. Entrepreneurs universally recognize the substantial impact of inflation and price hikes on their ventures. The rise in operational costs, particularly in raw materials, energy, and labor, poses significant challenges to profit margins. However, the study unveils a remarkable capacity for adaptation and resilience among entrepreneurs. Flexibility in pricing strategies, exploration of alternative suppliers, and continuous reassessment of business models emerge as common adaptive responses. Technological innovation emerges as a key theme, with entrepreneurs leveraging automation, artificial intelligence, and digital platforms to enhance operational efficiency and maintain service quality. Customer-centric approaches remain paramount, emphasizing the importance of understanding and meeting customer expectations transparently. A notable finding is the integration of sustainable practices as a strategic response. Entrepreneurs increasingly adopt environmentally friendly and socially responsible business practices, recognizing sustainability not only as a moral imperative but also as a source of differentiation and long-term resilience. Emotional intelligence in leadership, collaboration, and strategic pricing also feature prominently in the findings. Effective leadership, collaborative networks, and strategic pricing strategies are identified as crucial elements in navigating the intricate challenges posed by economic uncertainties. Despite the positive strategies employed, entrepreneurs identify challenges to sustaining entrepreneurship, including access to capital, regulatory hurdles, and the need for a supportive policy environment. The study concludes by highlighting the broader implications of the findings for theory, practice, and policy, offering valuable insights for entrepreneurs, policymakers, and researchers navigating the complex terrain of service quality optimization in entrepreneurial ventures amid economic uncertainties.
Ground vibration and air overpressure prediction applied to a blasting operation in a Gneiss quarry in southern Brazil
Authors: Lima Key Fonseca , Meireles Anderson da Cunha , Barbieri Nilson , Fiorentin Luan Demarco
Published: February 2024

Explosives are applied as a mining tools where mechanical processes are not applicable or economically feasible. The proximity and coexistence of these blasting processes with housing units present a problem in the operational context. Part of the non-absorbed energy from the rock blasting causes vibration and noise that propagated through the ground or the atmosphere, which can cause distress to the people living or working nearby. A methodology was proposed to predict the physical parameters resulting from the effects of ground vibration (PPV) and air overpressure (AOp) in safe blasting operations in a Gneiss open-pit mine in the South of Brazil. An engineering seismograph monitored shock waves for 31 detonations over three years. The seismograph reports obtained were evaluated using SPSS Statistics IBM 25 and Microsoft Excel 2016, to develop the multiple linear regression (MLR) models, and GeneXproTools 5.0 to build the shock wave prediction model using Gene Expression Programing (GEP). Based on the computational analysis was possible to create two methods of analysis and two computational models to predict shock waves: MLR and GEP. Through the performance analysis, the model obtained from the GEP proved to be more effective and assertive for predicting PPV and AOp.
USP32 facilitates non-small cell lung cancer progression via deubiquitinating BAG3 and activating RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway
Authors: 李 双 , Yang Lina , Ding Xiaoyan , Sun Hongxiao , Dong Xiaolei , Yang Fanghao , Wang Mengjun , Zhang Huhu , Li Ya , Li Bing , Liu Chunyan
Published: February 2024

The regulatory significance of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 32 (USP32) in tumor is significant, nevertheless, the biological roles and regulatory mechanisms of USP32 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear. According to our research, USP32 was strongly expressed in NSCLC cell lines and tissues and was linked to a bad prognosis for NSCLC patients. Interference with USP32 resulted in a significant inhibition of NSCLC cell proliferation, migration potential, and EMT development; on the other hand, USP32 overexpression had the opposite effect. To further elucidate the mechanism of action of USP32 in NSCLC, we screened H1299 cells for interacting proteins and found that USP32 interacts with BAG3 (Bcl2-associated athanogene 3) and deubiquitinates and stabilizes BAG3 in a deubiquitinating activity-dependent manner. Functionally, restoration of BAG3 expression abrogated the antitumor effects of USP32 silencing. Furthermore, USP32 increased the phosphorylation level of the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway in NSCLC cells by stabilizing BAG3. In summary, these findings imply that USP32 is critical to the development of NSCLC and could offer a theoretical framework for the clinical diagnosis and management of NSCLC patients in the future.
Functional morphology of the Dufour gland in the queenless ant Dinoponera quadriceps
Authors: Billen Johan , Monnin Thibaud
Published: February 2024

Colonies of the queenless ponerine antDinoponera quadricepsare characterized by a social hierarchy among the workers, in which the gamergate occupies the alpha rank. She may be challenged, however, by a beta worker in an attempt to take over reproductive control in the colony. The gamergate does not engage in a direct conflict, however, but only smears secretion from her Dufour gland onto the beta worker. This secretion then stimulates the low-ranked workers to immobilize the beta worker and thus prevent it from overthrowing the gamergate. Our histological and ultrastructural examination of the Dufour gland in gamergates, one-week-old workers and low-ranked foragers clearly shows that the gamergate has the most developed gland containing an abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum and an obvious microvillar differentiation of the apical cell membrane. These findings are in line with the already existing chemical and behavioural observations of the peculiar pretender punishment in this species.
Interaction of AURKA with TRIM28 revives dormant LSCC cells via Akt signaling pathway to promote LSCC metastasis
Authors: Yang Liyun , Geng Liang , Zhang Xinxin , zhao runyu , Qiao Peipei , Zhang Hao , Wu Geping
Published: February 2024

Background
Specific molecular mechanisms by which AURKA promoted LSCC metastasis were still unknown.
Methods
Bioinformatic analysis was performed the relationship between TRIM28 and LSCC. Immunohistochemistry, Co-IP assay, Rt-PCR and Western Blot were used to examine the expression of related molecular. Flow cytometry was used to examine cell numbers of G0/G1 phase. Plate colony formation, wound healing, migration, invasion and tail vein injection in nude mice assays were applied to examine the proliferation, movement, migration, invasion and metastasis of LSCC.
Results
TRIM28 was significantly correlated with LSCC. TRIM28 highly expressed in LSCC and the high TRIM28 expression was related to TNM stage and poor clinical prognosis. Furthermore, AURKA could regulate TRIM28. In addition, deprivation TRIM28 expression induced LSCC cells into dormant state and inhibited LSCC metastasis. Akt signaling pathway played an essential role in promoting the tumor-promoting effects induced by TRIM28.
Conclusion
AURKA mediated TRIM28 to revive dormant LSCC cells via Akt signaling pathway to promote LSCC metastasis, targeting TRIM28 might provide a potential treatment strategy for LSCC.
Bibliometric analysis of emerging trends and research foci in brainstem tumor field over thirty years (1992-2023)
Authors: Geng Yibo , Xie Luyang , Li Jinping , Wang Yang , Li Xiong
Published: February 2024

Purpose: Over the past several decades, numerous articles have been published on brainstem tumors. However, there has been limited bibliometric analysis in this field. Therefore, we conducted a bibliometric analysis to elucidate the evolution and current status of brainstem tumor research.
Methods: We retrieved 5,525 studies published in English between 1992 and 2023 from the Web of Science Core Collection database. We employed bibliometric tools and VOSviewer to conduct the analysis.
Results: We included a total of 5,525 publications for further analysis. The annual publications has exhibited steady growth over time. The United States accounted for the highest number of publications and total citations. Among individual researchers, Liwei Zhang had the highest number of publications, while Eric Bouffet received the most citations in this field. The study titled "Somatic Histone H3 Alterations in Pediatric Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas and Non-brainstem Glioblastomas" stood out as the most cited work in this field. Keyword analysis revealed that immune therapy and epigenetic research are the focal points of this field.
Conclusions: Our bibliometric analysis underscores the enduring significance of brainstem tumors in the realm of neuro-oncology research. The field's hotspots have transitioned from surgery and radiochemotherapy to investigating epigenetic mechanisms and immune therapy.
Puerarin rescued Dex-induced Osteoblast Apoptosis via AIF-mediated Caspase-independent pathway
Authors: Yu Dongdong , Qiao Ye , Chen Haoran , Gu Haili , Qiao Long
Published: February 2024

GIOP is the most common secondary osteoporosis, and the increased apoptosis of osteoblasts is thought to be the main cause of GIOP. Puerarin is the major isoflavone extracted from Pueraria lobata. Our previous study indicated that Puerarin protects osteoblast apoptosis partly through the caspase-dependent pathway. So, we concluded that there existed other anti-apoptotic mechanisms in Puerarin. Therefore, in the current study, we focused on the role of the caspase-independent pathway, specifically the apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) pathway. MTS assay, flow cytometry, TUNEL staining, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining were used in this study. Caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK and RNA silencing (siRNA) AIF were used to assist Puerarin in detecting the anti-apoptosis mechanisms. The results showed that Puerarin significantly alleviated Dex-induced osteoblast cell proliferation inhibition and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. Puerarin can restore the protein expression of cell cycle-related proteins (cyclin D1) and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK4). Flow cytometry and TUNEL staining revealed that the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK and siRNA AIF partially inhibited Dex-induced osteoblast apoptosis, while Puerarin significantly reduced Dex-induced osteoblast cell apoptosis. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting results showed that nucleus translocation of AIF from mitochondria in Dex-treated cells also inhibited by Puerarin. Our results suggest that Puerarin can restore Dex-induced cell cycle inhibition and apoptosis of osteoblasts through the AIF-regulated caspase-independent pathway.
Formulation and Evaluation of Controlled Release Matrix Tablets of Selexipag
Authors: SRI M. , G.S.Valluri  , G.VIJAYKUMAR
Published: February 2024

The objective of the present study was to develop a Controlled release matrix tablets of Selexipag, an anti hypertensive drug. The Controlled release tablets were prepared by wet granulation and formulated using different drug and polymer ratios, formulations such as F1 to F9. Hydrophilic polymer like Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), hydrophobic polymer like Ethyl Cellulose(EC) and natural polymer like Xanthan Gum(XG) were used. Compatibility of the drug with various excipients was studied. The compressed tablets were evaluated and showed compliance with Pharmacopoeial limits. The optimized formulation(F3) on the basis of acceptable tablet properties and in vitro drug release. The resulting formulation produced robust tablets with optimum hardness, consistent weight uniformity and friability. All tablets but one exhibited gradual and near completion Controlled release for Selexipag, and 96.45% released at the end of 10h. The results of dissolution studies indicated that formulation F3 (drug to polymer 1:1.5), the most successful of the study, exhibited drug release pattern very close to theoretical release profile. A decrease in release kinetics of the drug was observed on increasing polymer ratio. Applying exponential equation, all the formulation tablets(except F3) showed diffusion-dominated drug release. The mechanism of drug release from F3 was diffusion coupled with erosion.
Nachhaltige Digitale Zwillinge in der Landwirtschaft
Authors: Neubauer Thomas , Bauer Alexander , Heurix Johannes , Iwersen Michael , Mallinger Kevin , Manschadi Ahmad M. , Purcell Warren , Rauber Andreas
Published: February 2024

Die Digitalisierung vollzieht sich auch in der Landwirtschaft in rasanter Geschwindigkeit. Die erheblichen Risiken bei der Anwendung von Lösungen, die in ihren Grundlagen und Auswirkungen oft nicht vollständig verstanden werden, bergen jedoch ein hohes Bedrohungspotenzial für die Resilienz und Nachhaltigkeit der Landwirtschaft. Dieser Artikel zeigt den Einsatz von Digitalen Zwillingen anhand von zwei ausgewählten Versuchsfarmen in Österreich. Das Projekt verfolgt das Ziel, durch den Aufbau modernster Versuchsfarmen als „Digitale Zwillinge“ eine zukunftsweisende Versuchsinfrastruktur für interdisziplinäre Forschung und Lehre auf internationalem Niveau zu etablieren. Es beinhaltet zudem ein Framework zur Integration von Anforderungen gemäß verschiedener Kriterien, um ein nachhaltiges Design von Digitalen Zwillingen in der Landwirtschaft zu ermöglichen.
50 Millionen, 34 Projekte und was davon bleiben wird – ein Blick in die Zukunft
Authors: Riesinger Katharina
Published: February 2024

Im Artikel wird aus der Sicht des Bundesministeriums für Bildung, Wissenschaft und Forschung (BMBWF) ein Überblick über die 34 Projekte der Ausschreibung „Digitale und soziale Transformation in der Hochschulbildung“ gegeben, diese innerhalb der europäischen und nationalen Strategiedokumente verortet und abschließend ein Ausblick in die digitale Zukunft der öffentlichen österreichischen Universitäten vorgenommen.
The relationship between sales growth, profitability, and tax avoidance
Authors: Fawzi Shubita Mohammad
Published: February 2024

The study aims to examine the intricate interplay between sales growth, profitability, and tax avoidance strategies adopted by firms. Through an analysis of a diverse dataset spanning multiple industries and regions, this study investigates how sales growth influences a firm’s marketing approach to tax avoidance and its subsequent impact on profitability. The sample is Jordanian industrial firms listed on the Amman Stock Exchange for the study period between 2010 and 2020. Four critical variables used in the dataset are tax avoidance, return on assets, sales, and size. It employs a mixed-methods approach, including quantitative regression analysis and qualitative assessments of corporate tax strategies. The study results reveal a strong negative relationship between ROA and tax avoidance; for every unit increase in ROA, tax avoidance decreases by 0.198 units. Sales, however, do not exhibit a statistically significant association with tax avoidance. Firm size is an additional predictor with a marginally significant direct link with tax avoidance (β = 0.042, p = 0.049). This study highlights the central role of profitability in shaping tax avoidance strategies, with larger firms marginally more inclined toward tax planning.
Editorial V.8 N.3 Setembro de 2023
Authors: Veloso Maísa , Azambuja Elali Gleice
Published: February 2024

Apresenta o Expediente e o Editoria desta edição.
TECTÔNICA DO HABITAR MODERNO
Authors: Diniz Diego , Rocha Germana
Published: February 2024

O estudo da dimensão tectônica tem como foco as interações entre a ordem estética e a ordem técnica da envoltória do espaço arquitetônico, a partir de uma abordagem relacional desde a escala do sítio às junções entre os elementos materiais da estrutura formal arquitetônica. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um olhar sobre a tectônica do habitar moderno (residencial unifamiliar) no estado da Paraíba, explorando a poética construtiva expressa nesse tipo edilício. São articuladas as análises de duas residências construídas em João Pessoa na década de 1950, projetadas pelo arquiteto Acácio Gil Borsoi, um dos mestres da modernidade arquitetônica, sendo elas: a Residência Cassiano Ribeiro Coutinho (1955-1958) e a Residência Joaquim Augusto (1956-1958). O procedimento metodológico parte da revisão bibliográfica, seguido da coleta de dados, seleção das obras e aplicação dos parâmetros analíticos da tectônica propostos por ROCHA (2012), que focaliza as relações do sítio, da estrutura resistente e dos elementos de vedação com a estrutura formal arquitetônica. Os resultados apresentados destacam a poética construtiva do concreto armado como suporte das cargas das casas analisadas e uma diversidade tectônica decorrente dos elementos de vedação, explorando as díades aberto e fechado, leve e pesado e, transparente e opaco, presentes na cultura arquitetônica moderna. Espera-se que este trabalho possa colaborar para a historiografia da arquitetura moderna, em particular a residencial unifamiliar, produzida no nordeste brasileiro, ampliando o conhecimento sobre as singularidades expressivas decorrentes, não apenas de uma linguagem adotada, mas, também do saber técnico-construtivo presentes no patrimônio moderno significativo e ainda existente.