bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MOTIVASI: EXPECTANCY THEORY DAN PRODUKTIVITAS PENELITIAN
Authors: Garnasih Raden Lestari
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The purpose of this study is to determine the productivity of research lecturers by using the approach of motivation expectancy theory. Primary data was obtained from 185 respondents ie lecturers in private universities in Pekanbaru city. Data analysis used in this research is multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the lecturer considered the very important thing from the extrinsic motivation that encouraged them to do the research was to get the improvement of functional position, and the lowest level of importance was to obtain the reduction of teaching burden. In view of the importance of intrinsic motivation, lecturers judge that satisfying the need to remain in the field of science today is of paramount importance, and the lowest level of importance as a driver of research is finding better work at other universities.Keywords. Motivation; Expectancy Theory; Research Productivity Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui produktivitas penelitian dosen dengan menggunakan pendekatan motivasi expectancy theory. Data primer diperoleh dari 185responden yaitu dosen yang ada di perguruan tinggi swasta di kota Pekanbaru. Analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa dosen menganggap hal yang sangat penting dari motivasi ekstrinsik yang menjadi pendorong mereka melakukan penelitian adalah memperoleh peningkatan jabatan fungsional, dan yang paling rendah tingkat kepentingannya adalah memperoleh pengurangan beban mengajar. Dilihat tingkat kepentingan dari  motivasi intrinsic, dosen menilai bahwa memuaskan kebutuhan untuk tetap pada bidang ilmu saat ini adalah yang sangat penting, dan yang paling rendah tingkat kepentingan sebagai pendorong melakukan penelitian adalah  menemukan pekerjaan yang lebih baik pada perguruan tinggi yang lain.Katakunci. Motivasi; Expectancy Theory; Produktivitas Penelitian.
PENGARUH TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN TERHADAP PRESTASI KERJA KARYAWAN MELALUI MOTIVASI KERJA SEBAGAI INTERVENING
Authors: Hernidatiatin Lis Tatin , Susijawati Noveria
Published: September 2019

Abstract. This study is aimed to analyze the direct and indirect effect of educational level on employee performance through work motivation as an intervening variable at PT. Kereta Api (Persero) Regional Operations (DAOP) 3 Cirebon. The method used in this research is associative method and data collection technique used is the field research (observation, interview, questionnaire) and literature study. To determine the size of the sample, the study used the Slovin formula while to analyse data the researchers performed validity, reliability and classical assumption test (normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation test), path analysis, t hypothesis testing. The results of path analysis showed that the level of education directly impacted to employee performance and indirectly to work motivation (an intervening variable) and finally to employee performance. Due to the fact that the direct correlation coefficient is greater than the indirect correlation coefficient, it can be said that the true relationship is direct correlation.Keywords. Level of education; work motivation; job performance. Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh langsung tingkat pendidikan terhadap prestasi kerja karyawan dan pengaruh tidak langsung tingkat pendidikan terhadap prestasi kerja karyawan melalui motivasi kerja sebagai variabel intervening pada PT. Kereta Api (Persero) Daerah Operasi (DAOP) 3 Cirebon. Metode yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Asosiatif. Tehnik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah Riset Lapangan (Observasi, Wawancara, Angket) dan Riset Kepustakaan. Untuk menentukan ukuran sampel menggunakan rumus Slovin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis data yang terdiri dari Uji validitas, Uji reliabilitas, Uji Asumsi Klasik (Uji Normalitas, Uji Multikolonearitas, Uji Heteroskedastisitas, Uji Autokorelasi), Analisis Jalur, Uji  t Hipotesis. Hasil analisis jalur menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pendidikan dapat berpengaruh langsung ke prestasi kerja karyawan dan dapat juga berpengaruh tidak langsung yaitu dari tingkat pendidikan ke motivasi kerja (sebagai variabel intervening) lalu ke prestasi kerja karyawan. Oleh karena koefisien hubungan langsung lebih besar dari koefisien hubungan tidak langsung, maka dapat dikatakan bahwa hubungan yang sebenarnya adalah langsung.Katakunci. Tingkat, pendidikan; motivasi kerja, prestasi kerja.
Financial Distress pada PT Panasia Indo Resources Tbk
Authors: Nugraha Akhbar , Fajar Catur Martian
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Bankruptcy in the company is characterized by a continuous decline in financial performance. The purpose of this study is to assess the influence of current ratio, debt to assets ratio, working capital turnover and net profit margin of the company on financial distress at PT Panasia Indo Resources Tbk. used is the explanatory survey. The result of the research shows that the existence of negative and insignificant influence of current ratio in predicting financial distress, debt to asset ratio has positive and insignificant influence in predicting Financial distress, working capital turnover has negative and insignificant influence in predicting Financial distress and net profit margin has a negative and significant influence in predicting Financial distress. Simultaneously, the current ratio, debt to assets ratio, working capital turnover and net profit margin jointly have a significant effect on the condition of Financial distress at PT Panasia Indo Resources Tbk. Keywords: Current ratio; Debt to assets ratio; Working capital turnover; Net profit margin; Financial distress Abstrak. Kebangkrutan diperusahaan ditandai dengan adanya penurunan kinerja keuangan yang terjadi terus-menerus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengaruh current ratio, debt to assets ratio, working capital turnover dan net profit margin perusahaan pada financial distress pada PT Panasia Indo Resources Tbk. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah explanatory survey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya pengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan current ratio dalam memprediksi financial distress, debt to assets ratio mempunyai pengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan dalam memprediksi Financial distress, working capital turnover mempunyai pengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan dalam memprediksi Financial distress dan net profit margin mempunyai pengaruh negatif dan signifikan dalam memprediksi Financial distress. Secara simultan current ratio, debt to assets ratio, working capital turnover dan net profit margin secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kondisi Financial distress pada PT Panasia Indo Resources Tbk. Katakunci: Current ratio; Debt to assets ratio; Working capital turnover;  Net profit margin; Financial distress
Pengaruh Kompetensi dan Kecerdasan Emosional Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai
Authors: Ardiansyah Yusuf , Sulistiyowati Lisa Harry
Published: September 2019

Abstract : The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of competence variables and emotional intelligence on employee performance. The research method used is quantitative research method. The population in this study is the employee of Education and Culture Office of Kuningan Regency with the number of 97 people. Sampling technique used is a sampling technique saturated, so that all members of the population sampled as many as 97 people. Data retrieval technique using questionnaire with scale measurement instrument using a likert scale. Data analysis techniques used using multiple regression analysis. The results showed that there is a positive and significant influence both partially and simultaneously, between the competence variable and emotional intelligence on the performance of employees. Keyword : Competency; Emotional Intelligence; Employee Performance Abstrak.: Tujuan peneltian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel kompetensi dan kecerdasan emosional terhadap kinerja pegawai. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Pegawai Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Kuningan dengan jumlah sebanyak 97 orang. Teknik penarikan sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik sampling jenuh, sehingga seluruh anggota populasi dijadikan sampel yaitu sebanyak 97 orang. Teknik penarikan data menggunakan kuesioner dengan skala pengukuran instrumen mengunakan skala likert. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan menggunkan analisis regresi ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan baik secara parsial maupun simultan, antara variabel kompetensi dan kecerdasan emosional terhadap kinerja pegawai. Kata Kunci : Kompetensi; Kecerdasan Emosional; Kinerja Pegawai
Analisis Hubungan Aspek Fundamental Terhadap Harga Saham
Authors: Maiyaliza Maiyaliza
Published: September 2019

Abstract. This study aims to analyze the fundamental aspects of stock prices. Variable in this research is independent variable (X) that is Current Ratio, Return On Assets, Debt to Equity ratio, while the independent variable (Y) is stock price. The type of research is correlational research is a study that connects one variable with other variables. The method used is a quantitative method using secondary data from financial statements of food and beverage companies in 2014-2016. Method of data analysis which is a test of normality and pearson loss test. The result of this research shows that there is a significant positive correlation between variable (X1) Current Ratio and variable (X2) Return On Asset with variable (Y) stock price, while there is negative but not significant relationship between variable (X3) Debt to Equity Ratio with variable (Y) stock price. Keywords: Current Ratio; Debt to Equity Ratio; Return On Assets; Stock price.  Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan aspek fundamental terhadap harga saham. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah variabel bebas (X) yaitu Current Ratio, Return On Assets, Debt to Equity ratio, sedangkan variabel terikatnya (Y) yaitu harga saham. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian korelasional yaitu penelitian yang menghubungkan satu variabel dengan variabel lainnya. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari laporan keuangan perusahaan foods and beverages tahun 2014-2016. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji normalitas dan uji korelasi pearson. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif yang signifikan antara variabel (X1) Current Ratio dan variabel (X2) Return On Assets dengan variabel (Y) harga saham, sedangkan terdapat hubungan negatif tetapi tidak signifikan antara variabel (X3) Debt to Equity Ratio dengan variabel (Y) harga saham. Kata Kunci : Current Ratio; Debt to Equity Ratio; Return On Assets; Harga Saham.
Pengaruh Strategi Produk, Harga dan Pomosi Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan
Authors: Cristina Heppi Marta , Marwanti Marwanti
Published: September 2019

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the effect of product strategy, price, promotion on customer satisfaction. The research method used in this study is a quantitative research method. the population in this study was Letuce Catering Yogyakarta consumers with the number of samples taken for this study were 30 respondents. The sample selection uses total sampling. The method of analysis uses multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that partially the Product Strategy has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. Price Strategy does not have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. Promotion Strategy has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. Simultaneously product strategy, price, promotion have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. Keyword: Price; Product; Promotion; Customer satisfaction. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh strategi produk, harga, promosi terhadap kepuasan pelanggann. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah meotde penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen Letuce Catering Yogyakarta dengan jumlah sampel yang diambil untuk penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 30 responden. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan total sampling. Metode analisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa secara parsial Strategi Produk berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan. Strategi Harga tidak berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan. Strategi Promosi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelamggan. Secara simultan strategi produk, harga, promosi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan.  Kata Kunci: Harga; Produk; Promosi; Kepuasan Pelanggan.
Pengaruh Komitmen Organisasi dan Sikap Terhadap Perubahan Organisasi
Authors: Gunawan Ade
Published: September 2019

Abstract: Research aims to know the commitment and attitude of the employees of the organizations on the changes that occur in the environment of IAIN Pekalongan, using quantitative research design. Design of this research use the technique of survey to collect information from respondents using question form or questionnaire. Population in the research all the employees with the status of permanent as well as contract    which ia 35 employees. The technique of determination of samples is carried out by means of purposive sample with some specified criteria. The results of the research done explains that influential employees significant commitment on organizational change. Likewise with influential attitude variables significantly to organizational change. Change IAIN Pekalongan concluded according to plan that has been set, this is due to support the commitment and attitude of the entire employee of any changes that occur.Key words: commitment, attitude, organizational change, IAIN PekalonganAbstrak: Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui komitmen dan sikap karyawan pada perubahan organsisasi yang terjadi di lingkungan IAIN Pekalongan, dengan menggunakan desain penelitian kuantitatif. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan cara teknik survei untuk mengumpulkan informasi dari responden menggunakan angket atau koesioner. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh pegawai dengan status tetap maupun kontrak yang berjumlah 35 pegawai. Teknik penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan cara purposive sample dengan beberapa kriteria yang telah ditentukan. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menjelaskan bahwa komitmen pegawai berpengaruh signifikan pada perubahan organisasi. Begitupun dengan variabel sikap berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perubahan organisasi. Perubahan IAIN Pekalongan dapat terlaksana sesuai rencana yang telah ditetapkan, hal ini dikarenakan atas dukungan komitmen dan sikap seluruh pegawai atas perubahan yang terjadi. Kata kunci : Komitmen, Sikap, Perubahan Organisasi, IAIN Pekalongan
Pengaruh Kelelahan Kerja dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Turnover Intention
Authors: Ardiyanti Indri
Published: September 2019

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variable job burnout and job satisfaction on turnover intention. The research method used is quantitative research methods. The population in this study was employees of PT. Arteria Daya Mulia (ARIDA) Cirebon Regency with a total of 841 people. The technique of measuring the number of samples using Slovin formula with a margin of error of 10%, so that the number of samples set in this study was 90 respondents. The sampling technique uses proportionate stratified random sampling. The technique of withdrawing data using a questionnaire with a scale of measurement instruments using a Likert scale. The data analysis technique used uses multiple regression analysis. The results of the study show that there are positive and significant effects both partially and simultaneously, between the variables of job burnout and job satisfaction on turnover intention. Keyword : Job Burnout; Job satisfaction; Turnover intention Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel kelelahan kerja dan kepuasan kerja terhadap turnover intention. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan PT. Arteria Daya Mulia (ARIDA) Kabupaten Cirebon dengan jumlah 841 orang. Teknik pengukuran jumlah sampel menggunakan rumus slovin dengan margin of eror 10%, sehingga ditetapkan jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 90 orang responden. Teknik penarikan sampel menggunakan proportionate stratified random sampling. Teknik penarikan data menggunakan kuesioner dengan skala pengukuran instrumen mengunakan skala likert. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan menggunkan analisis regresi ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan baik secara parsial maupun simultan, antara variabel kelelahan kerja dan kepuasan kerja terhadap turnover intention. Kata Kunci : Kelelahan kerja; Kepuasan kerja; Turnover intention
CONSTRUCTIVE FEATURES OF THE DEVICE FOR TREATING FODDER GRASSES IN THE PROCESS OF MOWING
Authors: Отрошко Сергей , Otroshko Sergey , Шевцов Алексей , Shevtsov Alexey , Шариков Николай , Sharikov Nikolay , Милёв Александр , Milev Alexander
Published: September 2019

For the treatment of fodder grasses during mowing on modern mowers install various conditioners designed to accelerate their wilting. The most extended among them are pressing rollers and shafts, equipped, as a rule, with various hammer-type beats. However, these conditioners installed on rotary mowers have a difficult drive, high mass and price. It is possible to eliminate these lacks by the use of a new conditioner [1], developed in the Federal Williams Research Center for Fodder Production and Agroecology (Moscow region), and equipped with beats for mechanical action on the stalks of grasses in the process of mowing. Beats are represent a pieces of round-link chains fixed in the upper part of cylindrical hollow drums installed vertically on the cutting discs of the rotary mower. The innovative dynamic action conditioner to the rotary mower KR-2,4M provides acceleration of field drying of the mowed grasses due to strengthening of moisture output by plants, especially the traumatized stalks which usually dry more slowly, than leaves. The constructive features of the conditioner and the principle of its action are described.
INFLUENCE OF HIGH-PROTEIN FEED ADDITIVE ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF THE MEAT BULL-CALVES
Authors: Абилов Батырхан , Abilov Batyrkhan , Пашкова Лариса , Pashkova Larisa
Published: September 2019

The article presents the data obtained as a result of carrying by employees of the Research Institute of sheep and goat breeding, a branch of the FSBSI "North Caucasus FARC", the scientific and economic experience to study the efficiency of a new fodder additive "Organic" on the productive and physiological indices of bull-calves during the completion of growing in the conditions of the farm "Pata" agricultural enterprise in the Karachay-Cherkessia Republic. The statement of the experience and all researches were carried out according to generally accepted methods. In the course of the experiment, the following indices were studied: the chemical compound of forages, the dynamics of a live weight gain in the experimental stock, hematological parameters, control slaughter data, economic indices. Completed researches have shown positive result from the use of the fodder additive "Organic" in bull-calves diets: an increase in the average daily gain of live weight by 25%, a slaughter yield by 1% and a high level of profitability – 27%. Thus, the additional introduction of "Organic" in a diet of young horned cattle in the 2nd experimental group promoted more intensive metabolism, stabilization of a physiological state, increase in productivity and, as a consequence, profitability of beef production. Researches in this direction reveal the latent fodder reserves promoting increase in the productivity of agricultural animals.
Comparison of Image Texture Based Supervised Learning Classifiers for Strawberry Powdery Mildew Detection
Authors: Chang Young K. , Mahmud Md. Sultan , Shin Jaemyung , Nguyen-Quang Tri , Price Gordon W. , Prithiviraj Balakrishnan
Published: September 2019

Strawberry is an important fruit crop in Canada but powdery mildew (PM) results in about 30–70% yield loss. Detection of PM through an image texture-based system is beneficial, as it identifies the symptoms at an earlier stage and reduces labour intensive manual monitoring of crop fields. This paper presents an image texture-based disease detection algorithm using supervised classifiers. Three sites were selected to collect the leaf image data in Great Village, Nova Scotia, Canada. Images were taken under an artificial cloud condition with a Digital Single Lens Reflex (DSLR) camera as red-green-blue (RGB) raw data throughout 2017–2018 summer. Three supervised classifiers, including artificial neural networks (ANN), support vector machine (SVM), and k-nearest neighbors (kNN) were evaluated for disease detection. A total of 40 textural features were extracted using a colour co-occurrence matrix (CCM). The collected feature data were normalized, then used for training and internal, external and cross-validations of developed classifiers. Results of this study revealed that the highest overall classification accuracy was 93.81% using the ANN classifier and lowest overall accuracy was 78.80% using the kNN classifier. Results identified the ANN classifier disease detection having a lower Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) = 0.004 and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) = 0.003 values with 99.99% of accuracy during internal validation and 87.41%, 88.95% and 95.04% of accuracies during external validations with three different fields. Overall results demonstrated that an image texture-based ANN classifier was able to classify PM disease more accurately at early stages of disease development.
Assessment of Water Absorption Capacity and Cooking Time of Wild Under-Exploited Vigna Species towards their Domestication
Authors: Harouna Difo Voukang , Venkataramana Pavithravani B. , Matemu Athanasia O. , Ndakidemi Patrick Alois
Published: September 2019

Some phenotypic traits from wild legumes are relatively less examined and exploited towards their domestication and improvement. Cooking time for instance, is one of the most central factors that direct a consumer’s choice for a food legume. However, such characters, together with seed water absorption capacity are less examined by scientists, especially in wild legumes. Therefore, this study explores the cooking time and the water absorption capacity upon soaking on 84 accessions of wild Vigna legumes and establishes a relationship between their cooking time and water absorbed during soaking for the very first time. The accessions were grown in two agro-ecological zones and used in this study. The Mattson cooker apparatus was used to determine the cooking time of each accession and 24 h soaking was performed to evaluate water absorbed by each accession. The two-way analysis of variance revealed that there is no interaction between the water absorption capacity and cooking time of the wild Vigna accessions with their locations or growing environments. The study revealed that there is no environment × genotype interaction with respect to cooking time and water absorption capacity as phenotypic traits while genotype interactions were noted for both traits within location studied. Furthermore, 11 wild genotypes of Vigna accessions showed no interaction between the cooking time and the water absorption capacity when tested. However, a strong negative correlation was observed in some of the wild Vigna species which present phenotypic similarities and clusters with domesticated varieties. The study could also help to speculate on some candidates for domestication among the wild Vigna species. Such key preliminary information could be of vital consideration in breeding, improvement, and domestication of wild Vigna legumes to make them useful for human benefit as far as cooking time is concerned.
One Iron Injection Is Not Enough—Iron Status and Growth of Suckling Piglets on an Organic Farm
Authors: Heidbüchel Katharina , Raabe Jessica , Baldinger Lisa , Hagmüller Werner , Bussemas Ralf
Published: September 2019

Suckling piglets cannot satisfy their demand for the essential trace element iron from sows’ milk alone, which is poor in iron. Therefore, iron is usually supplemented by injecting 200 mg iron (as iron dextran) on day 3 post natum. However, the longer suckling period in organic pig herds leads to iron intake from feed starting later. We hypothesized that one iron injection is not enough for organically reared piglets, and that a second and third injection would improve their iron status and growth. On an organically certified experimental farm, 288 piglets from 32 litters were allocated to three treatments with one iron injection on day 3, two injections on day 3 and 14 and three injections on day 3, 14 and 21 post natum, respectively. One injection resulted in the lowest hematocrit and serum iron levels until day 28 post natum and the lowest daily weight gains until weaning, while piglets receiving two or three iron injections did not differ from each other. Based on these observations, we conclude that one iron injection is not enough to ensure adequate iron supply and unimpaired growth of organically reared piglets, and additional iron supply is necessary.
Effects of Incremental Urea Supplementation on Rumen Fermentation, Nutrient Digestion, Plasma Metabolites, and Growth Performance in Fattening Lambs
Authors: Xu Yixuan , Li Zhipeng , Moraes Luis E. , Shen Junshi , Yu Zhongtang , Zhu Weiyun
Published: September 2019

This study investigated the effects of partially substituting soybean meal (SBM) with incremental amount of urea on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestion, plasma metabolites, and growth performance in fattening lambs. Seventy fattening male lambs were sorted into two blocks according to body weight (BW) and assigned to one of five dietary treatments in a randomized block design: SBM at 170 g/kg dry matter (DM) or reduced SBM (40 g/kg DM) plus 0, 10, 20, or 30 g urea/kg DM. Compared with the lambs receiving the SBM diet, the lambs fed the reduced SBM diet plus urea had higher (p < 0.01) concentrations of ruminal ammonia, and the ruminal concentration of ammonia also increased linearly (p < 0.01) with the increasing urea supplementation. Linear and quadratic effects (p < 0.01) on the crude protein (CP) intake and digestibility were observed with the increasing urea addition to the diet. The concentrations of plasma ammonia and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) increased (linear, p < 0.01; quadratic, p < 0.01) with the increasing urea supplementation. The final BW, DM intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), and gain efficiency were similar (p ≥ 0.42) between the SBM group and the urea-supplemented groups. However, the DMI and ADG increased quadratically (p ≤ 0.03) with the increasing urea addition to the diet, with the 10 g urea/kg DM diet resulting in the highest DMI and ADG. The results of this study demonstrated that 10 g urea could substitute 130 g soybean meal per kg feed DM without any adverse effect on growth performance or health in fattening lambs when fed a high concentrate diet.
A Transcriptomic Study of the Tail Fat Deposition in Two Types of Hulun Buir Sheep According to Tail Size and Sex
Authors: Fan Hongying , Hou Yali , Sahana Goutam , Gao Hongding , Zhu Caiye , Du Lixin , Zhao Fuping , Wang Lixian
Published: September 2019

Hulun Buir sheep of similar genetic background were divided into two lines based on tail types: Small- and big fat-tailed. To explore the molecular mechanism of fat deposition in sheep tails, we firstly evaluated the morphology and transcription level differences of tail fat between these two lines. RNA-Seq technology was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in phenotypic extremes of tail sizes. Five comparisons were performed taking into account two factors, sex and tail type. We screened out 373 DEGs between big-tailed and small-tailed Hulun Buir sheep, and 775 and 578 DEGs between two types of tails in male and female sheep, respectively. The results showed an obvious sex difference in the fat metabolism in sheep based on gene ontology (GO), pathway, and network analyses. Intriguingly, there were two different co-expression networks only respectively shown in male and female sheep, which were insulin-related network acting on upstream pathways and PPARG-related network effect in downstream pathways. Furthermore, these two networks were linked by a classic pathway of regulating adipogenesis. This is the first study to investigate the sex differences of fat metabolism in domestic animals, and it demonstrates a new experimental way to study fat metabolism. Our findings will provide theoretical background in understanding the tail-size phenotype in sheep and can be exploited in breeding small-tailed sheep.
Molecular and Antigenic Characterization of GI-13 and GI-16 Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus Isolated in Chile from 2009 to 2017 Regarding 4/91 Vaccine Introduction
Authors: Guzmán Miguel , Sáenz Leonardo , Hidalgo Héctor
Published: September 2019

The introduction of the 4/91 vaccine against infectious bronchitis in Chile, a lineage not described until that time in the country, led to looking for changes induced by this action. This study considers eight isolates obtained from 2009, 2015 and 2017 and uses a maximum likelihood approach to classify the field isolates. Three isolates were selected to analyze antigenic relationships through a virus neutralization test and to perform protection tests measured trough an RT-qPCR. The isolates from 2009 and 2015 showed a relationship with GI-16 while those from 2017 were related to GI-13. Though the field isolates were classified in two different phylogenetic lineages, all of them showed only minor variations in subtype. The 13885R-17 isolate from 2017 exhibited high antigenic relatedness to the 4/91 vaccine. As expected, 4/91 and Massachusetts vaccines were not antigenically related. Vaccinated birds with the 4/91 vaccine showed less tracheal virus replication for the 13885R-17 from 2017 challenge than for the 12101SP-09 from 2009 and 13347SP-15 from 2015 isolates. The results indicated genetic and antigenic diversity in the most recent infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) isolates in Chile. Moreover, the 4/91 vaccine would be involved in the generation of some current field viruses, which must be considered in vaccination programs and public policies.
Planning MAR Schemes Using Physical Models: Comparison of Laboratory and Field Experiments
Authors: Sallwey Jana , Barquero Felix , Fichtner Thomas , Stefan Catalin
Published: September 2019

Infiltration experiments in the context of managed aquifer recharge (MAR) are often conducted to assess the processes influencing the operation of full-scale MAR schemes. For this, physical models such as laboratory experiments and, less often, field experiments are used to determine process specifics or operational parameters. Due to several assumptions, scale-related limitations, and differing boundary conditions, the upscaling of results from the physical models is not straightforward. Investigations often lead to over- or underestimations of flow processes that constrain the translation of results to field-like conditions. To understand the restrictions and potential of different physical models for MAR assessment, surface infiltration experiments in different scales and dimensions, which maintained the same operational parameters, were conducted. The results from the different setups were compared against each other regarding the reproduction water flow in the vadose zone and the influence of parameters such as soil type and climate. Results show that mostly qualitative statements can be made, whereas quantitative analysis through laboratory experiments is limited.
Mineralogical and Geochemical Constraints of the REE Accumulation in the Almásfüzitő Red Mud Depository in Northwest Hungary
Authors: M. Tóth Tivadar , Schubert Félix , Raucsik Béla , Fintor Krisztián
Published: September 2019

Detailed mineralogical and geochemical study of red mud samples from Hungary suggests geological and geochemical processes that determine the spatial distribution of certain elements inside the red mud pitfalls. The major processes are the following: (1) Heavy mineral grains (anatase, rutile, titanomagnetite, etc.) tend to subside due to gravitational differentiation and at present accumulate in the deepest horizons of the pitfalls. (2) Kaolinite reacts to cancrinite under hyperalkaline conditions. (3) Due to diagenetic processes, goethite-cancrinite aggregates form in situ. (4) Light mineral grains (e.g., cancrinite) move upward. (5) Cancrinite transforms to calcite at the shallowest horizons, due probably to the reaction with atmospheric CO2. All these processes have a significant role in accumulation tendencies of different groups of elements inside the pitfalls. The behaviour of chalcophile elements and the HFSE elements follow common geochemical rules and remind features of the host bauxite or even its precursor igneous or metamorphic lithologies. The REEs and Sc are possibly adsorbed on goethite and in the channels of cancrinite. Based on linear mixing model calculations, the major container of these elements is cancrinite. The proportion of the REEs and Sc in the Ti-phases, carbonates, phosphates, zircon, etc. is subordinate relative to the amount accumulated by goethite and cancrinite.
A Grid-Based Genetic Approach to Solving the Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows
Authors: Cruz-Chávez Marco Antonio , Rodríguez-León Abelardo , Rivera-López Rafael , Cruz-Rosales Martín H.
Published: September 2019

This paper describes one grid-based genetic algorithm approach to solve the vehicle routing problem with time windows in one experimental cluster MiniGrid. Clusters used in this approach are located in two Mexican cities (Cuernavaca and Jiutepec, Morelos) securely communicating with each other since they are configured as one virtual private network, and its use as a single set of processors instead of isolated groups allows one to increase the computing power to solve complex tasks. The genetic algorithm splits the population of candidate solutions in several segments, which are simultaneously mutated in each process generated by the MiniGrid. These mutated segments are used to build a new population combining the results produced by each process. In this paper, the MiniGrid configuration scheme is described, and both the communication latency and the speedup behavior are discussed. Experimental results show one information exchange reduction through the MiniGrid clusters as well as an improved behavior of the evolutionary algorithm. A statistical analysis of these results suggests that our approach is better as a combinatorial optimization procedure as compared with other methods.
Information Extraction from Electronic Medical Records Using Multitask Recurrent Neural Network with Contextual Word Embedding
Authors: Yang Jianliang , Liu Yuenan , Qian Minghui , Guan Chenghua , Yuan Xiangfei
Published: September 2019

Clinical named entity recognition is an essential task for humans to analyze large-scale electronic medical records efficiently. Traditional rule-based solutions need considerable human effort to build rules and dictionaries; machine learning-based solutions need laborious feature engineering. For the moment, deep learning solutions like Long Short-term Memory with Conditional Random Field (LSTM–CRF) achieved considerable performance in many datasets. In this paper, we developed a multitask attention-based bidirectional LSTM–CRF (Att-biLSTM–CRF) model with pretrained Embeddings from Language Models (ELMo) in order to achieve better performance. In the multitask system, an additional task named entity discovery was designed to enhance the model’s perception of unknown entities. Experiments were conducted on the 2010 Informatics for Integrating Biology & the Bedside/Veterans Affairs (I2B2/VA) dataset. Experimental results show that our model outperforms the state-of-the-art solution both on the single model and ensemble model. Our work proposes an approach to improve the recall in the clinical named entity recognition task based on the multitask mechanism.
Simulation of the Cooling Effect of Porous Asphalt Pavement with Different Air Voids
Authors: Gao Lei , Wang Zhanqi , Xie Jianguang , Liu Yanping , Jia Sicheng
Published: September 2019

Porous asphalt pavement shows lower internal temperature than does dense-graded asphalt pavement under high temperature conditions in summer. To study the cooling effect of porous asphalt pavement, the thermophysical properties of a dense-graded asphalt concrete (AC) mixture and a porous asphalt concrete (PAC) mixture were determined using a parallel model. Then, a laboratory-simulated sunshine experiment was carried out, and the convective heat transfer coefficients of specimens were inferred by virtual experiment. Lastly, the temperature field distribution simulation of PAC pavement was analyzed. The results show that the thermophysical properties of the PAC-13 mixture are lower than those of the AC-13 mixture; the larger the proportion of air voids, the greater the difference appears. Under windy conditions, the convective heat transfer coefficients of the PAC specimen surfaces are higher than those of AC specimens, and the convective heat transfer coefficient of the specimen surface shows an upward trend with increasing air voids. The cooling effect of the porous pavement increases with increasing proportion of air voids, and the cooling effect of the porous asphalt pavement is better than that of the dense-graded asphalt pavement. There is a good positive linear correlation between cooling effect and air voids, and mathematical models between them which can provide an important reference for PAC pavement design were fitted.
Hierarchical Fusion of Machine Learning Algorithms in Indoor Positioning and Localization
Authors: Seçkin Ahmet Çağdaş , Coşkun Aysun
Published: September 2019

Wi-Fi-based indoor positioning offers significant opportunities for numerous applications. Examining the Wi-Fi positioning systems, it was observed that hundreds of variables were used even when variable reduction was applied. This reveals a structure that is difficult to repeat and is far from producing a common solution for real-life applications. It aims to create a common and standardized dataset for indoor positioning and localization and present a system that can perform estimations using this dataset. To that end, machine learning (ML) methods are compared and the results of successful methods with hierarchical inclusion are then investigated. Further, new features are generated according to the measurement point obtained from the dataset. Subsequently, learning models are selected according to the performance metrics for the estimation of location and position. These learning models are then fused hierarchically using deductive reasoning. Using the proposed method, estimation of location and position has proved to be more successful by using fewer variables than the current studies. This paper, thus, identifies a lack of applicability present in the research community and solves it using the proposed method. It suggests that the proposed method results in a significant improvement for the estimation of floor and longitude.
Low-Complexity Hybrid Optical OFDM with High Spectrum Efficiency for Dimming Compatible VLC System
Authors: Feng Simeng , Feng Hailiang , Zhou Ying , Li Baolong
Published: September 2019

In visible light communications (VLC), dimming control constitutes an indispensable technique to comply with various illumination necessities and with different energy consumption constraints. Therefore, a novel dimming compatible hybrid optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DCHO-OFDM) is conceived in this paper to fulfil the requirements from communications and illuminations. Explicitly, the signal branch of the unclipped asymmetrically clipped O-OFDM (ACO-OFDM) and the down/upper-clipped pulse-amplitude-modulated discrete multitone (PAM-DMT) are adaptively amalgamated in order to increase the spectrum efficiency. For the sake of precisely achieving dimming control, the chromaticity-shift-free and industry-preferred pulse width modulation (PWM) is further invoked to the hybrid signal, assisted by a time-varying biasing scheme to mitigate the non-linear distortion. As the different signal components in DCHO-OFDM are beneficially combined in an interference-orthogonal approach, the transmitted symbols are able to be readily detected upon relying on a standard OFDM receiver, as that of ACO-OFDM. Our simulations demonstrate that a high spectrum efficiency of the conceived DCHO-OFDM scheme can be achieved with less fluctuation in a wide dimming range.
Toward Better PV Panel’s Output Power Prediction; a Module Based on Nonlinear Autoregressive Neural Network with Exogenous Inputs
Authors: Natsheh Emad , Samara Sufyan
Published: September 2019

Much work has been carried out for modeling the output power of photovoltaic panels. Using artificial neural networks (ANNS), one could efficiently model the output power of heterogeneous photovoltaic (HPV) panels. However, due to the existing different types of artificial neural network implementations, it has become hard to choose the best approach to use for a specific application. This raises the need for studies that develop models using the different neural networks types and compare the efficiency of these different types for that specific application. In this work, two neural network types, namely, the nonlinear autoregressive network with exogenous inputs (NARX) and the deep feed-forward (DFF) neural network, have been developed and compared for modeling the maximum output power of HPV panels. Both neural networks have four exogenous inputs and two outputs. Matlab/Simulink is used in evaluating the proposed two models under a variety of atmospheric conditions. A comprehensive evaluation, including a Diebold-Mariano (DM) test, is applied to verify the ability of the proposed networks. Moreover, the work further investigates the two developed neural networks using their actual implementation on a low-cost microcontroller. Both neural networks have performed very well; however, the NARX model performance is much better compared with DFF. Using the NARX network, a prediction of PV output power could be obtained, with half the execution time required to obtain the same prediction with the DFF neural network, and with accuracy of ±0.18 W.
Mini-MES: A Microservices-Based Apps System for Data Interconnecting and Production Controlling in Decentralized Manufacturing
Authors: Li Pulin , Jiang Pingyu , Liu Jiajun
Published: September 2019

Manufacturing factories and their resources are moving towards being networked, flat, flexible, and diversified in the context of social manufacturing. It is urgent to manage the increasingly complex and variable manufacturing processes effectively in such cross-factory production. This paper proposes a brand-new microservices-based Mini-MES (M2ES) Apps System, which adopts the decentralized and distributed architecture to comply with the needs of software supported manufacturing. The basic properties of the M2ES Apps System, such as its running logic and its data organization, are discussed, and a real-world industrial case is described to illustrate how it works. Results show that the proposed M2ES Apps System has better performance, reliability, and scalability than the initial information systems.
Electrically Conductive Materials: Opportunities and Challenges in Tissue Engineering
Authors: Saberi Azadeh , Jabbari Farzaneh , Zarrintaj Payam , Saeb Mohammad Reza , Mozafari Masoud
Published: September 2019

Tissue engineering endeavors to regenerate tissues and organs through appropriate cellular and molecular interactions at biological interfaces. To this aim, bio-mimicking scaffolds have been designed and practiced to regenerate and repair dysfunctional tissues by modifying cellular activity. Cellular activity and intracellular signaling are performances given to a tissue as a result of the function of elaborated electrically conductive materials. In some cases, conductive materials have exhibited antibacterial properties; moreover, such materials can be utilized for on-demand drug release. Various types of materials ranging from polymers to ceramics and metals have been utilized as parts of conductive tissue engineering scaffolds, having conductivity assortments from a range of semi-conductive to conductive. The cellular and molecular activity can also be affected by the microstructure; therefore, the fabrication methods should be evaluated along with an appropriate selection of conductive materials. This review aims to address the research progress toward the use of electrically conductive materials for the modulation of cellular response at the material-tissue interface for tissue engineering applications.
A Bilingual Advantage? An Appeal for a Change in Perspective and Recommendations for Future Research
Authors: Poarch Gregory J. , Krott Andrea
Published: September 2019

The debate on possible cognitive advantages bilinguals have over monolinguals continues to occupy the research community. There is an ever-growing research body focusing on adjudicating whether there is, in fact, an effect of using two or more languages regularly on cognition. In this paper, we briefly review some of the more pertinent literature that has attempted to identify attenuating, modulating, and confounding factors in research comparing monolingual and bilingual populations, and we highlight issues that should be taken into account in future research to move forward as a research community. At the same time, we argue for a change in perspective concerning what is deemed an advantage and what is not and argue for more ecologically valid research that investigates real-life advantages.
Emerging Role of USP8, HMGA, and Non-Coding RNAs in Pituitary Tumorigenesis
Authors: D’Angelo Daniela , De Martino Marco , Arra Claudio , Fusco Alfredo
Published: September 2019

Two novel molecular mechanisms with a driver role in pituitary tumorigenesis have been recently identified. They are (a) mutations in the Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 8 (USP8) gene in corticotroph tumors and (b) overexpression of the HMGA1 and HMGA2 genes in most of the pituitary tumors. Moreover, deregulated expression of the non-coding RNAs has been very frequently observed in this neoplasia. The aim of this review is to better elucidate the role, the mechanisms, and the possible clinical impact of these novel alterations in the development of pituitary neoplasia.