bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transient PAX8 Expression in Islets During Pregnancy Correlates With β-Cell Survival, Revealing a Novel Candidate Gene in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Martin-Montalvo Alejandro , López-Noriega Livia , Jiménez-Moreno Carmen , Herranz Amanda , Lorenzo Petra I. , Cobo-Vuilleumier Nadia , Tamayo Alejandra , González-Guerrero Cristian , Hofsteede Jonathan S.W.R. , Lebreton Fanny , Bosco Domenico , García Toscano Miguel , Herranz Lucrecia , Anselmo Joao , Moreno José Carlos , Gauthier Benoit R.
Published: October 2018

Transient Pax8 expression was reported in mouse islets during gestation, whereas a genome-wide linkage and admixture mapping study highlighted PAX8 as a candidate gene for diabetes mellitus (DM). We sought the significance of PAX8 expression in mouse and human islet biology. PAX8 was induced in gestating mouse islets and in human islets treated with recombinant prolactin. Global gene expression profiling of human and mouse islets overexpressing the corresponding species-specific PAX8 revealed the modulation of distinct genetic pathways that converge on cell survival. Accordingly, apoptosis was reduced in PAX8-overexpressing islets. These findings support that PAX8 could be a candidate gene for the study of gestational DM (GDM). PAX8 was genotyped in patients with GDM and gestational thyroid dysfunction (GTD), a pathology commonly found in patients with mutations on PAX8. A novel missense PAX8 mutation (p.T356M, c.1067C>T) was identified in a female diagnosed with GDM and GTD as well as in her father with type 2 DM but was absent in control patients. The p.T356M variant did not alter protein stability or cellular localization, whereas its transactivation activity was hindered. In parallel, a retrospective clinical analysis uncovered that a pregnant female harboring a second PAX8 mutation (p.P25R, c.74C>G) previously reported to cause congenital hypothyroidism also developed GDM. These data indicate that increased expression of PAX8 affects islet viability and that PAX8 could be considered as a candidate gene for the study of GDM.
Circulating Phylloquinone Concentrations and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Zwakenberg Sabine R. , Remmelzwaal Sharon , Beulens Joline W.J. , Booth Sarah L. , Burgess Stephen , Dashti Hassan S. , Imamura Fumiaki , Feskens Edith J.M. , van der Schouw Yvonne T. , Sluijs Ivonne
Published: October 2018

This study investigated the causal relation between circulating phylloquinone (vitamin K1) concentrations and type 2 diabetes by using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. We used data from three studies: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-InterAct case-cohort study, Diabetes Genetics Replication and Meta-analysis (DIAGRAM), and the UK Biobank, resulting in 69,647 subjects with type 2 diabetes. We calculated a weighted genetic risk score including four genetic variants previously found to be associated with circulating phylloquinone concentrations. Inverse-variance weighted analysis was used to obtain a risk ratio (RR) for the causal relation between circulating phylloquinone concentrations and risk of type 2 diabetes. Presence of pleiotropy and the robustness of the results were assessed using MR-Egger and weighted-median analyses. Genetically predicted concentrations of circulating phylloquinone were associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes with an RR of 0.93 (95% CI 0.89; 0.97) per every natural logarithm (Ln)-nmol/L–unit increase in circulating phylloquinone. The MR-Egger and weighted median analyses showed RRs of 0.94 (0.86; 1.02) and 0.93 (0.88; 0.98), respectively, indicating no pleiotropy. In conclusion, our study supports that higher circulating phylloquinone may be causally related with lower risk of type 2 diabetes, highlighting the importance of sufficient phylloquinone in the human diet.
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Anthropometric Measures as Risk Factors for Diabetes
Authors: Luo Juhua , Hendryx Michael , Laddu Deepika , Phillips Lawrence S. , Chlebowski Rowan , LeBlanc Erin S. , Allison David B. , Nelson Dorothy A. , Li Yueyao , Rosal Milagros C. , Stefanick Marcia L. , Manson JoAnn E.
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE

The study objective was to examine the impact of race/ethnicity on associations between anthropometric measures and diabetes risk.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A total of 136,112 postmenopausal women aged 50–79 years participating in the Women’s Health Initiative without baseline cancer or diabetes were followed for 14.6 years. BMI, waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were measured in all participants, and a subset of 9,695 had assessment of whole-body fat mass, whole-body percent fat, trunk fat mass, and leg fat mass by DXA. Incident diabetes was assessed via self-report. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess associations between anthropometrics and diabetes incidence.

RESULTS

During follow-up, 18,706 cases of incident diabetes were identified. BMI, WC, and WHR were all positively associated with diabetes risk in each racial and ethnic group. WC had the strongest association with risk of diabetes across all racial and ethnic groups. Compared with non-Hispanic whites, associations with WC were weaker in black women (P < 0.0001) and stronger in Asian women (P < 0.0001). Among women with DXA determinations, black women had a weaker association with whole-body fat (P = 0.02) but a stronger association with trunk-to-leg fat ratio (P = 0.03) compared with white women.

CONCLUSIONS

In postmenopausal women across all racial/ethnic groups, WC was a better predictor of diabetes risk, especially for Asian women. Better anthropometric measures that reflect trunk-to-leg fat ratio may improve diabetes risk assessment for black women.
Validation of Time in Range as an Outcome Measure for Diabetes Clinical Trials
Authors: Beck Roy W. , Bergenstal Richard M. , Riddlesworth Tonya D. , Kollman Craig , Li Zhaomian , Brown Adam S. , Close Kelly L.
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE

This study evaluated the association of time in range (TIR) of 70–180 mg/dL (3.9–10 mmol/L) with the development or progression of retinopathy and development of microalbuminuria using the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) data set in order to validate the use of TIR as an outcome measure for clinical trials.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In the DCCT, blood glucose concentrations were measured at a central laboratory from seven fingerstick samples (seven-point testing: pre- and 90-min postmeals and at bedtime) collected during 1 day every 3 months. Retinopathy progression was assessed every 6 months and urinary microalbuminuria development every 12 months. Proportional hazards models were used to assess the association of TIR and other glycemic metrics, computed from the seven-point fingerstick data, with the rate of development of microvascular complications.

RESULTS

Mean TIR of seven-point profiles for the 1,440 participants was 41 ± 16%. The hazard rate of development of retinopathy progression was increased by 64% (95% CI 51–78), and development of the microalbuminuria outcome was increased by 40% (95% CI 25–56), for each 10 percentage points lower TIR (P < 0.001 for each). Results were similar for mean glucose and hyperglycemia metrics.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on these results, a compelling case can be made that TIR is strongly associated with the risk of microvascular complications and should be an acceptable end point for clinical trials. Although hemoglobin A1c remains a valuable outcome metric in clinical trials, TIR and other glycemic metrics—especially when measured with continuous glucose monitoring—add value as outcome measures in many studies.
Estimulação da recordação e autorregulação da aprendizagem no estágio docente | Stimulation of recall and self-regulatory learning in the teacher training
Authors: Frison Lourdes Maria Bragagnolo , Gentilini Avila Luciana Toaldo , Simão Ana Margarida Veiga
Published: October 2018

A autorregulação refere-se ao grau em que os indivíduos apelam a seus conhecimentos e competências metacognitivas, motivacionais e comportamentais, para atingir um nível adequado de domínio sobre sua aprendizagem, de acordo com o contexto educativo em que estão inseridos e com os objetivos pretendidos. Este artigo busca evidenciar processos de autorregulação da aprendizagem mobilizados por estagiários de Educação Física. O estudo recorreu à estimulação da recordação como instrumento potencializador dos processos e estratégias de autorregulação, e, também, à pesquisa-ação, na medida em que esta possibilita analisar a própria prática pedagógica. Foram identificados problemas e soluções, desencadeando uma ação autorregulada perante a atuação docente. O estudo foi realizado em 2014, com 11 universitários do 7º e 8º semestres, em fase de estágio curricular supervisionado. A partir da análise dos dados, três categorias foram evidenciadas: planejamento, procura por ajuda e autoavaliação. Constatou-se que os estagiários demonstraram conhecer a importância do planejamento, desenvolvendo significativamente a autonomia no exercício das práticas pedagógicas e refletindo sobre elas, o que lhes permitiu a tomada de consciência dos percursos de aprendizagem. Discutem-se implicações, contribuições e potencialidades para o desenvolvimento da formação inicial de professores.
Tarefa para Casa: sim ou não? Uma perspectiva autorregulatória da aprendizagem | Homework: Yes or no? A self-regulated learning perspective
Authors: Cunha Jennifer Silva da , Nunes Ana Rita , Martins Juliana , Moreira Tânia
Published: October 2018

A Tarefa para Casa é o conjunto de tarefas marcadas pelos professores aos alunos para serem realizadas fora do horário escolar. O debate “sim ou não à Tarefa para Casa” parece interminável. Tanto nas escolas como na mídia, professores, alunos, pais e administradores escolares apresentam argumentos favoráveis e contrários a essa prática, no entanto nem sempre baseados em dados de investigação. A seleção dos artigos mencionados neste trabalho foi efetuada de acordo com cada uma das três fases da Tarefa para Casa: preparação, realização e monitorização. Com apoio em estudos conduzidos nos últimos anos, este artigo pretende despertar a reflexão sobre o tema. Dado que o professor é o responsável pela gestão da Tarefa para Casa, considera-se que ele possa ser um agente de mudança nas atitudes frente a essa prática e, sobretudo, na sua utilização. Assim, o presente artigo dá especial ênfase ao papel que o professor pode assumir naqueles três momentos que compõem o processo da Tarefa para Casa, numa perspectiva autorregulatória da aprendizagem. Pretende-se, assim, com suporte na investigação, promover uma reflexão profunda sobre a Tarefa para Casa e sua utilização, com vistas a trazer importantes benefícios para os alunos. A resposta “sim ou não à Tarefa para Casa?” dependerá dessa utilização.
Autorregulação da aprendizagem e compreensão leitora no Ensino Fundamental | Self-regulated learning and reading comprehension in Elementary School
Authors: Moreira Marcelle Resende , Silva Katia Regina Xavier Pereira da
Published: October 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o processo de construção e validação de uma ferramenta educacional fundamentada nos pressupostos da autorregulação da aprendizagem e que tem como foco a melhoria da compreensão leitora de estudantes do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Essa ferramenta resulta de uma pesquisa-ação, de caráter quali-quantitativo, desenvolvida no contexto de um curso de mestrado profi ssional. O material foi submetido à avaliação por professores e profissionais da Educação Básica. A seleção e instrumentalização dos pares avaliadores foram realizadas por meio de um curso de extensão. A coleta de dados referentes à avaliação do produto foi feita por meio de questionário de avaliação com perguntas fechadas e espaço para inserção de comentários dos avaliadores. Os dados quantitativos oriundos desse instrumento foram descritos e sumarizados, tendo como base a estatística descritiva. A consistência interna e a confiabilidade do questionário foram estimadas por meio dos valores do “alfa de Cronbach”. Os dados qualitativos foram analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Os resultados sugerem que o produto educacional apresenta potencial para melhorar a prática educativa, desenvolver os processos autorregulatórios e ampliar o repertório de estratégias de aprendizagem dos estudantes, destacando-se por sua originalidade, clareza de redação e possibilidade de se levantarem novos questionamentos a partir das atividades propostas.
Ansiedade reportada frente à produção textual: correlações com variáveis motivacionais | Anxiety reported in textual production: Correlations with motivational variables
Authors: Mello Anair Silva Lins , Rosário Pedro Sales Luís de Fonseca , Polydoro Soely Aparecida , Högemann Julia Helene
Published: October 2018

A literatura tem revelado que as atuais exigências sociais e acadêmicas têm produzido nos alunos um comportamento ansioso frente à escrita. O presente estudo, de abordagem sociocognitiva, identificou a presença e variação da ansiedade reportada frente à produção textual ao longo do processo de tomadas de medidas e avaliou a relação da ansiedade reportada diante da produção textual com variáveis motivacionais (autoeficácia, autorregulação da aprendizagem e desempenho global da produção escrita). Trata-se de um estudo com medidas repetidas. Participaram 693 alunos (M=9,13; DP=0,16) do ensino básico, da região Norte de Portugal, com idade entre 8 e 12 anos. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados questionários de autorrelato. A análise dos dados revelou diferenças estatísticamente significativas na ansiedade reportada frente à escrita na autoeficácia e na autorregulação da aprendizagem ao longo do ano escolar. A ansiedade diante da escrita revelou correlação positiva e estatisticamente significativa com a autoeficácia percebida. As demais variáveis apresentaram correlações negativas e estatisticamente significativas com a ansiedade frente à escrita.
Importancia del concepto de Empresa Familiar en investigación: utilización de la base de datos SABI para su clasificación
Authors: Rojo Ramírez Alfonso A. , Diéguez Soto Julio , López Delgado Pilar
Published: October 2018

Este trabajo tiene que ver con aspectos conceptuales de la empresa familiar (EF) y su impacto en la investigación. Su objetivo es servir de guía en el desarrollo de trabajos empíricos que pretenden disociar la EF de la empresa no familiar (EnF) mediante la utilización de bases de datos, particularmente contables y, más concretamente, en el caso español, con la base SABI. En él se pone de manifiesto la importancia, en el ámbito empírico, de buscar un mecanismo que nos permita identificar la EF de forma eficiente, así como las dificultades existentes para ello con el uso de SABI. Trabajar con diferentes criterios de selección y el uso de apellidos nos permite proponer una tipología de EF.
Effects of family ownership on SME performance
Authors: Herrera-Madueño Jesús , Larran-Jorge Manuel , Sánchez-Gardey Gonzalo
Published: October 2018

This paper proposes an analysis of efficiency differences between family and non family controlled SME’s. The financial and organisational peculiaritiesof this kind of firms are discussed, drawing on Agency and Transaction Costs theories. Due to the empirically demonstrated importance of size in the differentiation between these two types of organisations, the paper distinguishes between different size segments, in terms of number of employees. Similarly, the singularities in the efficiency of family companies are analysed by distinguishing between sectors of activity. Contrary to what could be expected, no differences in the efficiency of family owned SME’s were found. Academic and professional implications of this result are discussed in the last section of the paper.
Complejidad y empresa familiar
Authors: Claver Cortés Enrique , Molina Manchón Hipólito , Zaragoza Sáez Patrocinio Carmen
Published: October 2018

Tomando como base diversas perspectivas teóricas y la literatura sobre la empresa familiar, este trabajo teórico tiene como objetivo mostrar, mediante un modelo conceptual, el potencial que ofrecen los intangibles que presenta este tipo de organización para hacer frente al fenómeno de la complejidad. De acuerdo con este modelo, concluimos que la empresa familiar reúne las características propias de los sistemas complejos con capacidad de adaptación. Señalamos que este tipo de organización está dotado de un conjunto de intangibles específicos, básicos para el desarrollo de capacidades dinámicas que permitan hacer frente a la complejidad del entorno. La gestión de estas capacidades desde la perspectiva de la complejidad facilita el desarrollo de procesos de auto-organización que dan como resultado innovaciones en diversos ámbitos, permitiendo la adaptación a un entorno complejo.
How has the family firm literature addressed its heterogeneity through classification systems? An integrated analysis
Authors: Hernández-Linares Remedios , Sarkar Soumodip , López-Fernández Mª Concepción
Published: October 2018

Extant literature recognizes both family business heterogeneity and the need to identify relevant definitional criteria to distinguish family firms, leading to the emergence of typologies, taxonomies and classification schemes. This paper presents a comprehensive review of existing classifications, which we the compare with the core conceptual elements embedded in 258 family business definitions. Our analyses enables an identification of the characteristics of the entities being classified, and then we proceed to reflect on their usefulness and effectiveness for classifying family firms. Based on the integrated analysis, we then propose some recommendations and future research lines in order to develop a workable classification of family firms.
Genetic structure of populations of several endangered and endemic Dianthus species revealed by microsatellite markers
Authors: Butiuc-Keul Anca , Crăciunaș Cornelia , Goia Irina , Farkas Anca , Jarda Liliana , Cristea Victoria
Published: October 2018

In order to develop a proper conservation programme for several endangered, rare or endemic species of Dianhtus from Romania, molecular characterization by simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers has been accomplished. Amplification of SSR loci in individuals belonging to different populations of D. callizonus, D. glacialis ssp. gelidus, D. henteri, D. nardiformis and D. tenuifolius revealed 23 polymorphic alleles. D. callizonus and D. tenuifolius showed particular sets of SSR alleles. D. glacialis ssp. gelidus, D. henteri and D. nardiformis proved to share almost the same alleles in most of the loci. The highest genetic diversity was observed in D. glacialis ssp. gelidus and D. tenuifolius in locus MS-DINMADSBOX. Allelic patterns across Dianthus species indicate that the mean number of different alleles was highest in D. glacialis ssp. gelidus, while the number of effective alleles was highest in D. tenuifolius. There are no particular differences in individuals belonging to the same species. Genetic diversity is generally low, ranging from 0.18 (D. callizonus) to 0.44 (D. henteri). Regarding the genetic diversity within populations of the same species, no differences were revealed by the use of the SSR markers tested in the present study.
Adding Bricks to Clicks: On the Role of Physical Stores in a World of Online Shopping
Authors: Avery Jill , Steenburgh Thomas J. , Deighton John , Caravella Mary
Published: October 2018

E-commerce is gaining ground and leaving the role of traditional brick-and-mortar stores open to question. With this in mind, a team of researchers performed a case study to determine what effects the store openings of one multichannel retailer of fashion, home furnishings and high-end accessories would have on its catalog and online sales. The opening of brick-and-mortar stores had positive and negative effects for the retailer, but complementary consequences clearly outweighed sales drops in individual channels: In the short term, only catalog sales declined slightly. But over time, both the catalog and online channels increasingly benefited from the presence of the new brick-and-mortar stores. Within 79 months, catalog sales recovered to a level that would have been expected had the store never opened and subsequently continued growing more than in a sample without new stores. An enhanced understanding of both positive and negative cross-channel effects helps retailers better anticipate and respond to changes in sales in existing channels when a new one is added. It is the basis for strategically managing a company’s channels as a portfolio rather than as separate entities.
Assessment of phytoaccumulation of trace elements in medicinal plants from natural habitats
Authors: Tomaszewska-Sowa Magdalena , Kobierski Mirosław , Sawilska Anna Katarzyna , Figas Anna
Published: October 2018

Introduction: The high concentration of some trace elements in medicinal plants may lowering the value of herbal material, and may cause poisoning effects.

Objective: The aim of this research was to evaluate the content of trace elements in the organs of: sandy everlasting, yarrow and stinging nettle.

Methods: In the soil samples, the grain size composition, pH, the content of carbon and nitrogen were determined. In the plant material and for the soil samples, the total contents of Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, Pb were assayed. The values of the bioconcentration factor and translocation factor were also calculated.

Results: The concentration of metals in plant tissues followed in order: Fe>Mn>Zn>Pb>Cu>Hg. The studied species of medicinal plants accumulated mainly Zn, Pb and Hg. It was also shown a high Hg mobility and a low Pb mobility which mainly accumulated in the roots.

Conclusions: As our research shows the plants used in phytotherapy, should come from plantations monitored for toxic heavy metals in soil.
Expression of genes modulated by epigallocatechin-3-gallate in breast cancer cells
Authors: Bogacz Anna , Wolek Marlena , Juskowiak Bogna , Karasiewicz Monika , Kamiński Adam , Uzar Izabela , Polaszewska Anna , Kostrzewa Zofia , Czerny Bogusław
Published: October 2018

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignant cancer among women. Both drug resistance and metastasis are major problems in the treatment of breast cancer. Therefore, adjuvant therapy may improve patients’ survival and affect their quality of life. It is suggested that epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) which is well known for its chemopreventive activity and acts on numerous molecular targets may inhibit the growth and metastasis of some cancers. Hence, discovering the metastatic molecular mechanisms for breast cancer may be useful for therapy.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of EGGC on the mRNA expression level of genes such as ZEB1, ABCB1, MDM2, TWIST1 and PTEN in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

Methods: MCF7/DOX were cultured in the presence of 0.2 μM DOX and EGCG (20-50 μM). The mRNA expression level was determined by real-time quantitative PCR using RealTime ready Custom Panel 96 kit.

Results: Our results showed an important increase (about 2-fold for 20 μM EGCG + 0.2 μM DOX and 2.5-fold for 50 μM EGCG + 0.2 μM DOX, p<0.05) in ZEB1 expression levels. In case of ABCB1 gene lack of influence on the mRNA level was observed (p>0.05). We also observed significant decrease of ZEB1 expression in MCF7 cells with 20 μM and 50 μM EGCG (p<0.05). In addition, EGCG (20 μM) caused an increase of MDM2 and PTEN mRNA levels in almost 100% (p<0.05) and 40% (p>0.05), respectively. Lack of the influence of EGCG was noted for the TWIST1 gene expression. In case of MCF7/DOX we showed an increase of mRNA level of PTEN gene about 50% (p<0.05).

Conclusions: These results suggest that EGCG may be potentially used in adjuvant therapy in the breast cancer treatment.
Febrile Syndrome in the Diabetic Adult, A Diagnostic Trap
Authors: Florentina-Mirela Stan , Benea Loredana , Forminte Marian , Vasilescu Razvan , Caraiola Simona
Published: October 2018

Introduction. Diabetes mellitus is one the most frequent pathologies that affect the general population in the modern era, infections being one of the main reasons why the diabetic patient will present to an emergency room. The diabetic patient can develop infections with various germs and locations, that have a tendency to reoccur and have an unfavourable evolution compared to the general population.

Case report. A 71 year old female patient, diabetic and with significant cardiovascular pathology is admitted with a persistent febrile syndrome after 7 days on antibiotic treatment for respiratory infection. She had recently had a neurosurgical evaluation for lumbar pain; radiology had shown a compression of the T12-L1 vertebral bodies, the neurosurgeon stating that surgery was not recommended because of the associated pathologies. Clinical examination reveals a poor general state, fever, pulmonary: bilateral basal subcrepitant rales, BP = 100/60 mmHg, AV = 100 BPM irregular. Blood work showed: leucocytosis with neutrophilia, inflammatory syndrome with high procalcitonin levels, hyperglycinaemia, nitrogen retention; chest X-ray shows stasis and the echocardiography EF 25%. The complete clinical examination detected a right inguinal abscess, that had a slow, favourable evolution after drainage and antibiotic therapy according to the antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) (blood culture with staph, wound culture with E.Coli). After 2 weeks, the antibiotic therapy was discontinued because of the favourable clinical and lab work evolution; after 24 hours the patient is febrile again, the leucocytosis and inflammatory syndrome reappear without any other clinical changes. The infectious assessment was redone: sterile wound cultures, sterile urine cultures, no valvular vegetation on echocardiography, a CT of the chest, abdomen and pelvic area suggestive for T12-L1 spondylodiscitis.

Conclusions. The etiological diagnosis of the febrile syndrome in a diabetic patient can be extremely difficult in practice. In our case, the patient had not noticed the inguinal abscess and the lumbar pain (that restrained her to bed) represented an important sign, easily ignored in the obvious infectious context.
Ultrasonographic changes in the liver tumors as indicators of adequate tumor coverage with electric field for effective electrochemotherapy
Authors: Boc Nina , Edhemovic Ibrahim , Kos Bor , Music Maja M. , Brecelj Erik , Trotovsek Blaz , Bosnjak Masa , Djokic Mihajlo , Miklavcic Damijan , Cemazar Maja , Sersa Gregor
Published: October 2018

Background

The aim of the study was to characterize ultrasonographic (US) findings during and after electrochem-otherapy of liver tumors to determine the actual ablation zone and to verify the coverage of the treated tumor with a sufficiently strong electric field for effective electrochemotherapy.

Patients and methods

US findings from two representative patients that describe immediate and delayed tumor changes after electrochemotherapy of colorectal liver metastases are presented.

Results

The US findings were interrelated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Electrochemotherapy-treated tumors were exposed to electric pulses based on computational treatment planning. The US findings indicate immediate appearance of hyperechogenic microbubbles along the electrode tracks. Within minutes, the tumors became evenly hyperechogenic, and simultaneously, an oedematous rim was formed presenting as a hypoechogenic formation which persisted for several hours after treatment. The US findings overlapped with computed electric field distribution in the treated tissue, indicating adequate coverage of tumors with sufficiently strong electric field, which may predict an effective treatment outcome.

Conclusions

US provides a tool for assessment of appropriate electrode insertion for intraoperative electrochemo-therapy of liver tumors and assessment of the appropriate coverage of a tumor with a sufficiently strong electric field and can serve as predictor of the response of tumors.
Procedencia del recurso de queja en contra de ministros de Corte de Apelaciones que se pronunciaron respecto de otro recurso de queja: la "queja de queja"
Authors: Allende Pérez de Arce José Alberto
Published: October 2018

El presente trabajo tiene por objeto abordar uno de los aspectos menos desarrollados del recurso de queja, que dice relación con la procedencia de su interposición ante la Corte Suprema, en contra de los ministros de Cortes de Apelaciones que pudieran haber incurrido en faltas o abusos graves al pronunciarse respecto de otro recurso de queja del cual les tocó conocer. Tal como se expondrá, existen distintas posturas al respecto, siendo múltiples los argumentos tanto a favor como en contra de su procedencia. No obstante, dicha divergencia de opiniones, en el último tiempo la Corte Suprema ha adoptado una postura constante en favor de la improcedencia de interponer el recurso de queja en contra de los ministros de Cortes de Apelaciones que fallaron un recurso de queja.
"Metafísica jurídica" y "metafísica teológica": su intrínseca conexión en Suárez
Authors: Mantovani Mauro
Published: October 2018

Este trabajo pretende mostrar cómo se puede encontrar una conexión intrínseca entre la teoría del derecho y de la ley suareciana y las posturas metafísicas relativas a la existencia y subsistencia divinas, así como a la cuestión de la demostrabilidad de la existencia de Dios. En primer lugar, se exponen los principales elementos de la lectura que el teólogo jesuita hace en el De legibus acerca del concepto de ley, en una especie de “metafísica jurídica”. En segundo lugar, se muestra cómo las temáticas antes indicadas remiten y están vinculadas a las cuestiones metafísicas fundamentales sobre la subsistencia y existencia divinas, y, en general, a toda la teología filosófica. En efecto, no se trata sólo de anclar en Dios el concepto de ley o el fundamento de la moral, sino de demostrar la conexión entre ratio juridica y ratio teologica en relación a una misma mirada de la realidad.
Raíces franciscanas de la teoría suareciana de la ley
Authors: Lázaro Pulido Manuel
Published: October 2018

En el presente artículo indagamos en las posibles fuentes franciscanas del concepto de ley de Francisco Suárez. Tras realizar una breve exposición sobre su posición sobre la ley natural y la ley positiva en la que se señalan, así como las características naturalistas de la misma, intentando no caer en una lectura reduccionista. Luego se deja libre espacio interpretativo acerca del papel de la voluntad humana y de la comunidad humana. La novedad y profundidad de su pensamiento y sus consecuencias permiten rastrear, al menos, tres aspectos que remiten al pensamiento franciscano: 1) El primero responde al papel de la inteligencia y la voluntad en la formación de la ley, aquí señalamos como referencia la teorización realizada por el franciscano Alfonso de Castro -más franciscano que escotista-, que mantiene, los ecos de la escuela no solo en lo referente a las facultades del entendimiento y voluntad, sino también en lo referente al carácter epistemológicamente limitante de lo particular. 2) El segundo tiene que ver con la obligatoriedad de la ley inscrita en el decálogo, donde Suárez rememora sus lecturas franciscanas, especialmente las del Doctor Sutil. 3) La tercera descansa en el papel de la teoría suarista de la ley sobre el origen de la potestad, retomando, de nuevo, la raíz que nace de Alfonso de Castro, quien no desdeñara a su maestro Francisco de Victoria, pero a quien no siguió de manera pastueña, como tampoco hará Suárez de las lecturas tomistas.
A New Program for the UAB School of Medicine, Huntsville Branch Campus
Authors: Bramm David , Clawson Paula
Published: October 2018

The Family Medicine Integrated Residency (IR) at the UAB School of Medicine, Huntsville Regional Medicine Campus is designed to attract rural students and to more fully prepare them for Family Medicine residency. The 2017-18 pilot year has six 4th year medical students enrolled for a residency that has 12 intern slots. The IR students follow a unique curriculum to integrate them into the residency and prepare them for the intern year.
A Residency Professional Identity Curriculum and a Longitudinal Measure of Empathy
Authors: Crump William J. , Ziegler Craig H. , Fricker R. Steve
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Empathy measures were used before and after implementation of a structured professional identity curriculum to determine the effect among a group of family medicine residents.

METHODS

The Jefferson Scale of Empathy was completed by 18 residents at all three years of training before, immediately after a six month professional identity curriculum intervention, and six months after the curriculum was completed. The curriculum included one hour luncheon sessions on concepts of profession, burnout, and cynicism as well as thoughtful use of electronic medical records, prevention and management of burnout, mindfulness techniques and reflective writing and drawing. The Baptist Health Madisonville IRB approved the protocol as exempt and the authors have no conflicts of interests.

RESULTS

Similar to previous publications, a decline in empathy across the academic year was found, with a significant decline six months after the end of the curriculum. Residents who attended more sessions showed a non-significant smaller decline, and there were large standard deviations among each training level with some individual residents showing little change across the year. Evaluations of the curriculum were largely positive.

CONCLUSIONS

This professional identity curriculum in this group of residents may have temporarily mitigated the decline in measured empathy that has been described among residents. Results support some aspects of empathy as a trait in some residents rather than a state that is amenable to a training effect. Further study in this residency including longitudinal empathy measurements and focus groups is ongoing. Other programs’ experience with these issues is needed to add to sample size and diversity of training environments to discern which changes are significant and generalizable.
Micromorphological comparison of Nepeta viscida, N. nuda subsp. nuda and their putative hybrids N. x tmolea
Authors: ÖZCAN Taner
Published: October 2018

In this study, two Nepeta species, Nepeta viscida, N. nuda subsp. nuda, and their putative hybrids N. x tmolea were investigated for their trichome structure and density.  For this purpose, fresh or herbarium specimens were used.  SEM photographs were taken with the standard techniques in Balıkesir University.  While N. x tmolea individuals are similar to N. nuda subsp. nuda in some respects (for example, absence long glandular trichomes on the stem, the absence of glandular hairs on the corolla), it shows some transition between N. viscida and N. nuda subp. nuda in some respects (for example, while the corolla of N. viscida does not contain long glandular hair, presence in a high density in N. nuda subsp. nuda and low density in N. x tmolea individuals).
Adiabatic Electronic Motion in Forming Covalent Bond
Authors: Okuyama Michihiro , Sakata Fumihiko
Published: October 2018

In studying a dynamical process of the chemical reaction, it is decisive to get appropriate information from an electronic current density. To this end, we divide one-body electronic density into a couple of densities, that is, an electronic sharing density and an electronic contraction density. Since the one-body electronic current density defi�ned directly through the microscopic electronic wave function gives null value under the Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics, we propose to employ the Maxwell's displacement current density de�fined by means of the one-body electronic density obtained under the same approximation. Applying the electronic sharing and the electronic contraction current densities to a hydrogen molecule, we show these densities give important physical quantities for analyzing a dynamical process of the covalent bond.
Quadrupole Interaction of the SrTiO3:V4+ System
Authors: Kool Thomas (Tom)
Published: October 2018

Analysis were made to calculate the quadrupole interaction of the Jahn-Teller SrTiO3 system from enhanced EPR spectra due to an applied static electric field. The calculations gave a value for the quadrupole constant |P| = (-2.142 0.005)×10-4 cm-1
Plastic Embedded Gold Nanoparticles as 3D Printing Dichroic Nanocomposite Material
Authors: Kool Lars , Bunschoten Anton , Velders Aldrik , Saggiomo Vittorio
Published: October 2018

The incorporation of dichroic nanoparticles in 3D printable plastic results in a dichroic nanocomposite material that can be easily 3D printed. Gold nanoparticles that shows dichroic properties have been embedded in polyvinylalcohol, a standard 3D printable plastic. The nanocomposite shows dichroic properties and standard printability properties.
Reproductive behavior of medical students: realities of contraceptive choice
Authors: Oboskalova T A , Prohorova O V
Published: October 2018

Representations of the society about the use of hormonal drugs for protection from unwanted pregnancy have the features of a deeply rooted behavioral and social stigmatization. Myths and superstitions are serious an obstacle to the successful use of contraception in general and hormonal contraception in particular. The level of contraceptive literacy of students medical universities can be considered as an indicator of awareness students as a whole and is a guarantee of correct reproductive behavior of medical students. The purpose of the study is to assess the level of knowledge of medical students and their attitudes towards modern methods of contraception, including hormonal drugs. Materials and methods. The analysis of questionnaires 117 students of the IV and VI courses of medical-prophylactic and pediatric faculties of Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Ekaterinburg. The questionnaire included 25 questions. The average age of the respondents was 22.6±0.7 years. 1st group consisted of 86 girls, the 2nd group of 31 boys. Results. 74.2% of girls and 89.5% of boys dream of creating a family, but 6.4% girls and 9.4% do not plan to have children. 70.9% of young people are for civil marriage, while 63.9% of girls do not even think about such a variant of the relationship. At the onset of an unplanned pregnancy, 50% of girls and 54.8% of young students noted that they exclude the option of interruption pregnancy. The most popular method of contraception in 100% of young men is 63% of girls are condoms. 33 (38.4%) of girls prefer to use contraceptives pills. When choosing a method of contraception, the decisive factor in all respondents was the reliability of the method, the absence of side effects (100% of women and 87.1% men), as well as the availability of the method (more than 90% in both groups); p>0.05. but among the interviewed 53 (61.6%) girls do not use hormonal contraception for various reasons: 34 (64.1%) are afraid of possible complications, 14 (26.4%) prefer more traditional methods, 5 (9.4%) plan a pregnancy. Only 9.7% of medical students turn to a doctor about their contraceptive behavior. The conclusion. Three-quarters of young men are loyal with regard to civil marriage, the same the number of girls have a negative opinion on this issue. Only half students of both sexes are ready to bear pregnancy in the event of unplanned offensive. Hormonal contraception, as the most reliable only 38.4% of girls use it. The overwhelming majority fears the use of this method, which may be due to lack of awareness. Low awareness of medical university students about the feasibility and clinical features of the use of various types of hormonal contraceptives dictate need for systematic provision of timely, accurate and relevant information on family planning methods in this social group from the first courses learning.
The influence of antiepileptic drugs on menstrual and reproductive function of women (review of literature)
Authors: Tsallagova E V , Generalov V O , Sadykov T R , Borovkova V V
Published: October 2018

The article presented more fully set forth the theory of occurrence of disorders of the reproductive function of women taking anti-epileptic therapy and put forward his own theory of the mechanism disorders in patients receiving valproic acid preparations.
The influence of lignans on the quality of life of women of perimenopausal age
Authors: Serebrennikova K G , Arutyunyan N A
Published: October 2018

Problems associated with the state of health of women in the second half of her life are one of the priorities of modern medicine. The aim of the study was to determine the efficacy and safety of the drug in comparison with placebo in patients of perimenopausal age. Materials and methods. A randomized study was conducted in 40 patients aged 38 to 55 years without chronic somatic and gynecological diseases. The I group included 20 women who underwent therapy with the test drug (7-hydroxymatairesinol-lignan formula), in the second group - 20 women, placebo-controlled (similar dose of placebo). Conclusion. The results of the study showed that 7-hydroxymatairesinol has an effect on peripheral vasodilation, does not cause side effects (drowsiness, weakness, decreased efficiency, does not lead to fluid retention), improves general condition, causes a decrease in foliculostimulant hormone, has a positive effect on breast tissue, increases sexual activity, affects weight loss, improves carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, as well as intracellular enzymatic activity of the liver.
Synthesis and Characterization Polyaniline/Cobalt Oxide Nanocomposite by Chemical Oxidation Method
Authors: M Haridevi , S Prabu , M Lakshmi Devi , E Bhakya Lakshmi , K Mohanraj , A Arun , M Kayalvizhi
Published: October 2018

The Co3O4-PANI nanocomposites has been synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization method using cobalt chloride. It is a simple and low cost method to prepare nanocomposite. The prepared samples were characterized by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (FTIR) to get surface morphology, idea of getting particles of nano sized range so that further characterization can be done, to study the net surface charge of the nanoparticles by Zeta potential, photoluminescence of synthesized nanocomposite and measure photocatalytic activity of the synthesized nanomaterials was successfully tested for photo degradation of dye under UV light were studied
Funding Climate Change Adaptation
Authors: Boston Jonathan , Lawrence Judy
Published: October 2018

Adapting to climate change poses unprecedented technical, administrative and political challenges for which New Zealand’s current planning, regulatory and funding frameworks are illequipped. Without reform, they will deliver neither efficient nor equitable outcomes. Indeed, they will encourage governmental delay, incentivise sub-optimal solutions, increase future burdens, and reduce societal resilience. For sound anticipatory governance, our current frameworks need reform. This article summarises the nature of the adaptation challenges facing New Zealand, outlines the problems with current policy settings, identifies principles and considerations that should guide the reform agenda, and reviews several policy options. On balance, we favour creating a new national institution mandated to fund or co-fund, in accordance with statutory criteria, the major costs of adaptation.
Cold New Zealand Council Housing Getting an Upgrade
Authors: Rangiwhetu Lara , Pierse Nevil , Viggers Helen , Howden-Chapman Philippa
Published: October 2018

As people spend most of their time at home, residential thermal conditions are important. Central government debate about minimum temperature requirements for rental properties requires an evidence base of indoor temperature data. We collected temperature, humidity and energy data from 49 council housing dwellings in Wellington over winter, and self-reported thermal comfort and heating behaviour. Mean indoor temperature was 14.9°C, colder than the national average, with 67% of readings under 16°C, which the World Health Organization associates with health implications. With New Zealand’s high rate of excess winter mortality and children hospitalised for housing-related diseases, cold housing should be addressed.
Existential Risks
Authors: Boyd Matt , Wilson Nick
Published: October 2018

Human civilisation faces a range of existential risks, including nuclear war, runaway climate change and superintelligent artificial intelligence run amok. As we show here with calculations for the New Zealand setting, large numbers of currently living and, especially, future people are potentially threatened by existential risks. A just process for resource allocation demands that we consider future generations but also account for solidarity with the present. Here we consider the various ethical and policy issues involved and make a case for further engagement with the New Zealand public to determine societal values towards future lives and their protection.
Edición/es y función/es de un manuscrito del siglo XIII
Authors: Picaza María Victoria Chico
Published: October 2018

Teniendo en consideración los diferentes códices de la obra alfonsí de las Cantigas de Santa María, este trabajo quiere resaltar la importancia que la incorporación de la miniatura tuvo en el Códice Rico y cómo repercutió este gran conjunto pictórico en la reestructuración de la edición previa –el Códice Toledano– y de la tercera edición –el Códice de los Músicos–.
Los libros de los canónigos compostelanos en la baja Edad Media
Authors: López-Mayán Mercedes
Published: October 2018

La relevancia que la Iglesia de Santiago alcanzó en los siglos medievales conllevó, sin duda, una destacada actividad escrituraria y una intensa circulación de códices de diverso tipo que garantizaran su gobierno y satisficieran los deberes litúrgicos y culturales de sus miembros. Sin embargo, el hecho de que muy pocos de esos ejemplares hayan sobrevivido hasta nuestros días plantea notables dificultades metodológicas que, entre otros factores, explican el escaso interés prestado por los investigadores a la historia del libro en la sede del Apóstol. Frente a tal situación y a través del examen exhaustivo de muy diversas fuentes, este trabajo propone una reconstrucción del universo librario bajomedieval de uno de los principales actores del espacio catedralicio: los canónigos. De esta manera, estudiaremos el volumen y la tipología de los libros que poseían, sus mecanismos de abastecimiento, su uso y circulación y los factores que provocaron su casi total desaparición en el seno de una institución que, por norma general, no cubrió las necesidades librarias de sus miembros.
Hacia una nueva lectura de los grabados de Cárcel de amor 1493-1496
Authors: Francomano Emily C.
Published: October 2018

Los grabados xilográficos crean un punto de encuentro entre lo narrativo y lo material en el libro impreso de la edad moderna. Este ensayo reexaminará la interacción de lo verbal y lo visual en las ediciones ilustradas de Cárcel de amor y Carcer d’amor producidas entre 1493 y 1496. Como se argumentará, las ediciones ilustradas de la novela ofrecen al público receptor una combinación de texto e imagen que crea lecturas intermediales, y por lo tanto, experienciasinterpretativas que difieren sustancialmente de las ofrecidas por las ediciones sin ilustraciones. Cárcel, como libro material y obra literaria sumamente metaficticia en la que los personajes escriben y manipulan textos materiales, ejemplifica como la textualidad, la visualidad y la materialidad se pueden interrelacionar en el libro impreso de la época.
Los Cromberger y los impresos enviados a las colonias españolas en América durante la primera mitad del siglo XVI, con una coda filipina
Authors: Griffin Clive
Published: October 2018

Se ha supuesto que la principal dinastía de impresores, editores y libreros de la Sevilla de la primera mitad del siglo XVI, los Cromberger, envió remesas de libros a las colonias españolas en América. En este artículo se cuestiona esta suposición, analizando documentos conservados en archivos españoles y americanos así como algunas ediciones cromberguianas. Se examina una noticia recién descubierta sobre la primera colección de libros importante llevada a las islas Filipinas.