bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Øb Model for Predicting Shear Strength of Unsaturated Soils
Authors: Chen Jing Yu , Hai Ying
Published: November 2012

Generally the shear strength of saturated soils has been predicted by the Mohr-Coulomb theory. However, field data accumulated in the past have evidently shown that saturated conditions are actually never reached in arid and semi-arid regions. An analytical model is developed to predict shear strength of an unsaturated soil with respect with matric suction. The formulation takes into account the influence of the mean stress on soil water retention curves. The results of the model developed for predicting the shear strength are compared with available experimental results. The good agreement between the estimates and the experimental data indicates that the proposed equation is promising and reliable for estimating preliminary unsaturated shear strength parameters.
Research on Solid-Gas Coupling Dynamic Model for Loaded Coal Containing Gas
Authors: Wang Deng Ke , Wei Jian Ping , Qin Heng Jie , Wei Le
Published: November 2012

Considering the variation of the porosity and permeability of coal containing gas at differential deformation stages, a dynamic model for porosity and permeability is developed based on the previous researches. Furthermore, taking coal containing gas as a kind of isotropic elastoplastic material and taking into account the effect of gas adsorption, the stress and seepage equations are derived and, the solid gas coupling model for coal containing gas is constructed, which is appropriate to describe the skeleton deformability of coal containing gas and the compressibility of gas under the solid-gas interaction condition. In addition, the numerical simulation model is built by using the finite element method, and the numerical calculation solution of the model for a special loading case is given in term of the constraint conditions and corresponding parameters. The research results may have significance for further enriching and improving solid-gas coupling theories for coal containing gas.
A Failure Model for Heterogeneous Nonlinear Anisotropic Geomaterials
Authors: Ruan Huai Ning , Wang Di , Ju J. W.
Published: November 2012

In designing earth structures, various kinds of complex soils and rocks are constantly encountered. These geomaterials exhibit heterogeneous, nonlinear, and anisotropic behavior. A failure criterion for such complicated materials is proposed. This model is highly comprehensive. It characterizes heterogeneity, nonlinearity, and anisotropy simultaneously in one equation. Many classical failure criteria employed in geomechanics and plasticity are its special cases. The material parameters in the proposed criterion may be determined from tests of unconfined compression, uniaxial tension, biaxial compression, and direct shear. The case study illustrates the potential of the proposed model in engineering application.
Study on Instability Mechanism of Super-Deep Anchorage Foundation Pit Slope of Tertiary Strong Weathered Basalts
Authors: Ma Yue , Cao Jing , Shen Jun Xin , Jiang Kai Yu , Zhang Bing Jun
Published: November 2012

Taking the anchor foundation pit of the super-large highway bridge in Yunnan as an example, the stability is studied. Based on the stratum characteristics of the tertiary strong weathered basalts (TSWB) and analysis principle of engineering geology，many aspects including topography and geomorphology, geological structure, geotechnical interfaces, structural characteristics, geotechnical parameters are considered to analyze the engineering geological environment of the foundation pit. Then, the qualitative analysis of stability and possible instability mode are made.
Numerical Simulation of Vibration Compacting Process on Hydrous Embankment by Discrete Element Method
Authors: Huang Bao Tao , Yuan Xin , Zhou Jie , Liu Ding
Published: November 2012

In this article, the discrete element method is used to investigate the coarse particle material close-grained space structure evolutionary process submitted to a vibrating compressive load. 2-D generation algorithm about irregular particle generation and particle contact interface generation was adopted. Irregular particles were randomly generated in the designated categories with this algorithm. The microcosmic material parameters are endowed to irregular particle and pore space. The microcosmic material parameters are also endowed to water. The irregular micro-particles close-grained process was been analyzed under vibrating compressive. The numerical simulation results demonstrate that the coarse-grained soil Irregular particles compacting effect of the simulation results with the actual theoretic situation in the basic line. The Irregular particles were whirligig and movement, location of the rearrangement as a whole to show the close-grained process. The use of discrete element method can be clearly informed that the simulation of the embankment particles in the body vibration. This research offers a new idea and continent method for compaction dense of hydrous embankment.
Finite Element Analysis of Deformation Characteristic for Weak Interlayer Foundation
Authors: Liu Xi Yuan , Du Xin Li , Zhou Ji , Sun Ji Shu
Published: November 2012

In accordance with settlement observation data of weak interlayer foundation in The North China Plain, finite element model was made to analyze vertical settlement and horizontal deformation by MIDAS/GTS software. Then, Influence factors of subgrade settlement were studied through changing the fill height, crust layer thickness and compression modulus. The results show that crust layer has the board supporting and closing the substratum functions during the period of loading and a relatively short period after loading. The maximum horizontal deformation occurs in weak interlayer rather than the ground surface. The horizontal deformation increases generally with the increase of the fill height. When the crust layer thickness increase, its settlement grows larger and the settlement of soft soil layer has the decrease trend. The settlement of crust layer and weak layer is decreased with the compression modulus increase of crust layer. It explains that the shell effects of crust layer increase with the compression modulus increase of crust layer.
Change of Soil Stress State around Foundation Pit due to Dewatering
Authors: Yuan Hua , Hong Yan
Published: November 2012

Engineering dewatering has been widely used to improve soil characteristics currently, whereas dewatering always bring about soil settlement around the pumping well inevitably, which may be the largest defect of dewatering. In this paper, several possible factors leading to soil subsidence are explored, then the change of soil stress under the action of dewatering drainage during phreatic aquifer well pumping are investigated. From the two aspects that may be encountered during dewatering in confined aquifer: only pressure lowering effect as well as simultaneous function of both pressure relief and dewatering drainage, we study the change of soil stress state around foundation pit. The conclusions obtained through this research will contribute much to the calculation of soil settlement caused by dewatering, also beneficial to seek the settlement control measures.
Active Limit Equilibrium Method of the Stability Analysis for Soil Slopes
Authors: Huang Ying , Zhang Zu Lian , Jin Ke Sheng
Published: November 2012

The stability of the soil slopes can be judged according to the critical moisture content and the actual moisture content when the soil slopes be in the limit equilibrium state. From the perspective of earth pressure, the critical moisture content is the moisture content when the soil slopes be in the active limit equilibrium state, at this time, the active earth pressure is 0. The critical moisture content can be determined and the stability of the slopes can be judged according to the relationship of the soil parameters and the moisture content and the active earth pressure being 0. The critical moisture content of the upright or declining cohesionless slopes can be determined according to the relationship of the internal friction angle and the moisture content. The critical moisture content of the upright cohesive slopes can be determined by solving the equation of the critical moisture content. For the declining cohesive slopes, first, the cohesive soil having the cohesion and internal friction angle is replaced by only having the equivalent internal friction angle of the cohesionless soil according to the principle of the equal strength, then, the critical moisture content can be determined according to the relationship of the equivalent internal friction angle and the moisture content of the declining cohesionless.
The Improved Structure Design for the Joint of End Floor Beam and Main Longitudinal Girder in Certain Combined Platform
Authors: Zeng Yun Qing , Wang Mei Li , Zhang Rui Peng , Shen Xue Jing
Published: November 2012

Using ANSYS to carry out finite element analysis of joint of end floor beam and main longitudinal girder in certain compound platform, researching on stress distribution of the joint, and making detailed analysis according to the calculation result of node finite element, the paper finds out the reason for crack of the joint and presents the improved design which enhance the carrying ability of the structure. The calculation result can also provide reference for other similar problems with different section form.
The Study on Key Issues of Slope Instability during Turning Open-Pit into Underground Mining
Authors: Sun Shi Guo , Yang Hong , Li Chun Sheng , Zhang Bao Lin , Miao Ai Wei , Wang Ming Zhu
Published: November 2012

During turning open-pit into underground mining, the state of slope stability is related to the relative space positional relationship between open-pit mining and underground mining. The toe area of slope is the most unfavorable area to slope stability and the outer region of slope is the most favorable area, while the central area of the slope has the most complicated effect on slope stability so that the mechanism of its influence can be understood only by the means of calculation. The slope stability coefficient decreases with the augment of underground mining geometric dimension. But it remains constant when the underground mining area is fully extracted. With the increase of mining depth, its range of influence on slope stability increases, which results in the decrease of slope stability coefficient. However, the slope stability coefficient tends to unchanged when the mining depth increases to some certain value.
Blasting Technology for Demolition of Large-Scale Steel Structure Buildings by Shaped Charge Cutter
Authors: Ma Hai Peng , Yi Ke , Zhou Ming An , Qiu Ming Can , Li Ke Bin
Published: November 2012

It is a direction of blasting demolition for achieving the safe demolition of large-scale steel structures to use the technology of linear shaped charge cutter, which has been applied practically abroad[1], while is still at a initial stage in China. In this paper, the example of the blasting demolition of Shenyang Lvdao All-steel Structure Gymnasium is applied, which includes the technology of linear shaped charge cutter and electronic detonator initiating system and five 3-D protective measures. The result of this engineering is quite ideal in the end.
Applied Study on Influence Lines of the Statically Determinate Plane Trusses Based on EXCEL
Authors: Zhao Ming Bo
Published: November 2012

The paper presented the application of Excel software in the constructing and plotting of the influence lines in the statically determinate plane trusses. Obtaining the influencing coefficient of the statically determinate plane trusses with Excel, the influence lines were constructed and plotted. The research results of this paper have important reference and actual using value to engineering practice, teaching and research work.
Combination of Cable - Pole Grid Static Performance Analysis
Authors: Qin Gui Hu , Huang Cheng Wei , Ning Min
Published: November 2012

According to the respective characteristics of the tensioning structure and flat grid, analyzed the static characteristics of new style cable-pole composite grid structure, put forward the basic assumption of the calculation and theoretical analysis method, comparative analysis of the positive four pyramid and obliquely placed four pyramid cable-pole deflection and internal force of composite grid structure changes, discussed the economy and feasibility of cable - pole composite grid structure. This article has a certain reference value to the cable- pole combined network engineering design.
Experimental Research on Bending-Torsion Characteristics of Steel-Concrete Composite Box Beams
Authors: Zhang Yan Ling , Ge Wei , Zhang De Ying
Published: November 2012

Due to the axial curvature and the eccentric vehicle loads, bending-torsion couple effects will be generated in the curved steel-concrete composite box beam bridges. To study the bending-torsion couple characteristics, six steel-concrete composite box model beams are tested under the bending-torsion couple loads, with the initial torsion-bending ratios and shear connection degrees as the design parameters. The ultimate bearing capacity, section strain, and interfacial slip of the steel-concrete composite box beams are measured. The test results show that, the fully connected composite beams mainly express bending or bending-torsion failure modes, but the partially connected composite beams are mainly sliding failure modes. The existence of the torque doesn’t have great influence on the ultimate bearing capacity and bending moment of the composite box beams. Under the bending-torsion couple loads, there are not only the longitudinal slip between the steel girder and concrete slab of the composite box beam, but also the transverse slip perpendicular to the beam axis.
Finite Element Analysis on the Steel Transmission Pole
Authors: Wang Yan Hai , Jiang Wei , Wang Hong
Published: November 2012

At present, the finite element method is used to calculate the strength and deformation of the steel transmission pole less. Using ANSYS to model steel transmission pole, loading, analysis, the results show that, the traditional method of strength calculation and finite element analysis results are very close, the traditional method of deformation calculation and finite element analysis results has a certain bias. As long as the establishment of three-dimensional model of the steel transmission pole, the applied load and boundary conditions to meet the actual, finite element analysis can provide a more reliable basis for the design and verification of the steel transmission pole.
A New Method to Estimate Ductility of L-Shaped CFT Columns with Binding Bars under Axial Compression
Authors: Long Yue Ling , Cai Jian
Published: November 2012

Ductility of six L-shaped concrete-filled steel columns with binding bars and one without binding bars were discussed based on the experimental study. A new method based on material properties instead of experimental data was proposed to estimate the ductility of six L-shaped concrete-filled steel columns with binding bars and one without binding bars. Comparison between ductility coefficients based on experimental data and the calculated values by the proposed method shows good agreement.
Study on the Ultimate Pullout Force of Prestressed Cable Based on Triple Shear Unified Yield Criterion
Authors: Luo Xiao Yan , Liu Wei Ping
Published: November 2012

Based on the triple shear unified yield criterion and the ultimate equilibrium principle, the ultimate pullout force of prestressed cable is studied. The ultimate pullout force of prestressed cable is related to the rock type, the shapes of rapture surface, grouting pressures and compressive strength of rock, etc. The results show that the intermediate principal stress effect parameter b have influences on the ultimate pullout force of prestressed cable. With the increase of the intermediate principal stress effect parameter b, the ultimate pullout force of prestressed cable increases too. When the grouting pressure increases, the ultimate pullout force of prestressed cable increases also.
Finite Element Analysis of a Single-Layer Reticulated Dome and the Suspendome under Impact Loading
Authors: Zheng Liang
Published: November 2012

This paper treats the impact force and the displacement of the lamella single-layer reticulated dome and the suspendome under axial impact loading using non-linear finite element techniques. The influence of loading parameters and the cable force of the suspendome on the impact response is investigated using validated numerical models. Results are quantified in terms of important impact response parameters and indicate that the peak displacement of the lamella single-layer reticulated dome and the suspendome can be clearly divided into four stages with time , and time history curve of the impact force can be divided into three stages.
Summary of Research on Concrete Filled Steel Tubular (CFST) Columns
Authors: Yin Fu Xin , Zhang Ji Tao , Xu Ping Bo
Published: November 2012

Base on the achievement and research on the concrete filled steel tube (CFST), with 4 aspects: research on fundamental structural behavior, dynamic property, bonding theory of interface and research on the concrete filled square steel tube, summarize the findings about CFST and introduce the 4 stages of development of study of CFST. Point out that the research on the bond theory of interface between steel tube and core concrete and the concrete filled square steel tube are needed the further study and research.
Inspection and Appraisal Method of a Wharf on Piles and Result Analysis
Authors: Wang Li Qiang , Jiang Kai Hui , Huang Chang Hong
Published: November 2012

Wharf on piles is a main structure in costal engineering. Working in severe ocean circumstance, the security of wharfs is important. Recent years, the inspection and appraisal method of wharf on piles is highly regarded. Because wharf is a complex system, there are still many difficulties in scientific appraising the technical status of the wharf. This paper systematically states the main procedure or of inspection and appraisal of wharf on piles. Concerned that the wharf is still working while inspecting, some non-destructive testing method is applied in the procedure. In addition the paper points out some key factors that can spoil wharf structure based on inspection result.
Mechanical Property Study of Corroded Steel Beams Strengthened with Prestressed CFRP Sheets
Authors: Huo Jun Hua , Pang Bo
Published: November 2012

Steel structure, which has higher bearing capacity, smaller sectional dimension, convenient construction and economical investment, can be abroad used in engineering. However, due to a lot of reasons, the gradual expansion and convergence of the micro-defects lead to the macro deterioration of the mechanical properties of materials. By experimental research, theoretical analysis and computer simulation, the mechanical properties of the corroded steel beams strengthened with (prestressed) CFRP sheets were studied. According to the mechanical characteristics of corrosive steel beams and corrosive composite steel-concrete beams strengthened with prestressed CFRP sheets. By using ABAQUS finite element program, the calculation model of prestressed CFRP sheets strengthened corrosion steel beams and corrosion steel-concrete composite beams is established, and the working mechanism is studied. The calculation results show that: the bearing capacity of strengthened beams increase with the increasing of the initial prestress and CFRP sheets thickness, and decrease with the increase of steel corrosion degrees.
The Equal Projection Model and Application of Short Fiber Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Li Yan Ru , Jiang Hai Bo , Kan Ze Bao
Published: November 2012

In order to determine the fiber direction distribution statistical characteristic of short fiber reinforced concrete, this paper put forward the equal projection model. According to the isotropic assumption of large volume of short-fiber reinforced concrete, in the three-dimensional coordinate system, when the concrete loads along all coordinate axes are equal, it is believed that a representative short fiber projection components in all axes are equal. According to the deduction, the cosine of the angle of the representative fiber and the force direction is equal to the reciprocal value of the square root of 3. On this basis, as an application example, the formula for the prediction of fiber reinforced concrete elastic modulus was deduced. The formula shows that the elastic modulus of short fiber reinforced concrete is equal to the sum of 1/3 of the elastic modulus of long fiber concrete in fiber length direction and 2/3 of the elastic modulus of long fiber concrete in the vertical direction.
Study on the Impact of Cyclic Wetting and Drying on the Shear Strength of Stabilized Expansive Soils
Authors: Dong Yun , He Wei Zhong , Wang Bao Tian
Published: November 2012

To offer or predict the shear strength of stabilized expansive soils after cyclic wetting and drying for the slope analysis, the paper carried out direct shear test on the stabilized expansive soils after different times of cyclic wetting and drying. The test results show: The first 3-5 times of cyclic wetting and drying will cause the shear strength decreased sharply, and after about 7-9 times of cycle, the shear strength will trend to a stable value, which is about 40-60% of the normal strength before the cycles. Logarithm model can well fitted the variation of the shear strength and the times of cyclic, so the shear strength index can be predicted by using the models which was established according to the test results.
Numerical Simulation Analysis of the Typical Reinforced-Concrete Wall-Beam Joint
Authors: Jiang Ji Tong , Liu Yang , Wu Wen Hui , Yang Song , Du De Run
Published: November 2012

Based on the existing research results, this paper has primarily researched on numerical simulation analysis of a wall-beam joint in complex stress situation in a shear wall structure, in terms of structural deformation, crack of concrete, stress-strain condition of reinforced concrete, bond-slip state of concrete of the joint. The mature finite element analysis software ANSYS is selected as a platform and the parametric design language APDL is used as the foundation. Analyze the deformation of the joint; the cracks and the development status; the strain and stress of the joint and the bond-slip condition between steel bars and concrete. Some problems existing in the results at such joint calculated by commonly-used structure design software PKPM were found to need extra attention and then the paper put forward some feasible solutions.
Pattern Language of Jiaozuo Beizhu Traditional Settlements Construction
Authors: Ma Ming , Zhang Hui Hui
Published: November 2012

Beizhu traditional settlements can be traced back to the Ming dynasty. This paper sums up its construction pattern from the location, layout, residence yard space, live space, architectural form, building decoration and materials .
Study on the Condition and Existing Problems of Building Energy Saving in Anhui
Authors: Wang Yuan Hao , Sheng Bao Zhu
Published: November 2012

Since the oil crisis in the early 70,s of the 20th century,the problem of energy shortage had drawn worldwide attention.Energy saving is now regarded as the 5th“energy resources,besides coal,petroleum,natural gas,and nuelear power.And energy saving of buildings especially cutting down the daily operating energy consuming is given the greatest importance by many countries. Analys is the status of building energy saving in Anhui Provice, and analys is key problems of building energy saving in Anhui Provice,which aims to find out a suitable way for Anhui’s energy saving of buildings.
Case Study on Functional Optimization of Subregional Center in County Town
Authors: Zhou Jun , Wang Juan
Published: November 2012

This article relies on the project of Northern New-city of Liancheng County to explore the design positioning and functional layout of the subregional center. Scientific orientation stimulates the energy of subregional center and guides the center and surrounding areas into the healthy development. From the perspective of integrating resources and servicing area, the subregional center should have a variety of complex functions to meet the requirements of the development of urban space.
The Plight of City - The Thinking on Chinese Urban Ecology
Authors: Qi Jia Hua , Zhang Wen Jun , Li Ran
Published: November 2012

The rapid development of cities gave severe challenges to urban environment, the problem of how to rebuild the urban environment has never been as pressing as it is. Compared to the traditional urban construction theory, ecology pays more attention to scientific and technological means to make a systematic study and comprehensive improvement of urban problems, to harmonize urban residents and environment. The green natural environment and the distinctive humanism are not only basic factors of urban ecological environment, but also basic indexes to evaluate the quality of the urban ecological environment. Based on the principle, this paper puts forward some ideas, such as the limited resources in cities, equal sharing in resources, development of human potential, so as to solve the environmental dilemma in the process of urbanization, and to take the road of sustainable development.
The Studies of the Concept Plan of the Fengcheng Industrial Park towards the Circular Economy
Authors: Xu Fei Jin
Published: November 2012

The design, based on the rational and integrate concept, is combined with the features of circular economy. By the principle of combination of being economical, practical, beautiful, and rational, this plan aims at conserving recourses and reducing pollutions, and improving the quality and efficiency of the economic development. The higher goal of the plan is to achieve regional sustainable development, to promote the virtuous cycle of park eco-systems, to construct a new ecological, efficient, and convenient industrial park, and to form a model zone for the industrial visiting and tourism where people and nature co-exist harmoniously.
Research on the Low-Carbon Land Use Pattern
Authors: Luo Ya Li , Zhang Chang Xin
Published: November 2012

The paper firstly analyzed the carbon emissions effect of the city land use. Then it put forward the high density compact land use pattern is consistent with low-carbon developing goal. Finally, the paper systematically expounded the connotation of the low-carbon high density compact mixed use, and discussed the basic forms of low-carbon land use pattern, such as the giant single building, buildings on the same platform, new units model on the community scale etc..
Combination of Landscape Water and Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment in Scattered Areas
Authors: He Hui , Liang Guo
Published: November 2012

Most of Chinese populations are distributed in scattered areas such as countryside, small towns and suburb where there is less quantity of wastewater and lower pollution degree. In this case, it is not economic to specially build a wastewater treatment plant. This paper discusses to combine the wetland principle for wastewater treatment with landscape ecological construction to build a landscape living-water park with integrated functions of wastewater treatment and sight-viewing. This scheme is proved to be both economically and technically feasible, and can also greatly promote the people’s material and mental life.
Traditional Building Materials and Application in the Modern Church Architecture of Northern Shannxi
Authors: Wang Li , Yang Hao Zhong
Published: November 2012

The relationship between traditional building materials and the modern church in Northern Shaanxi is researched in this paper, and the application feature and evolution in building materials of church in Northern Shaanxi is explored, then the architecture philosophy of building materials is discussed in the paper, and the results show that modern church in Northern Shaanxi and traditional building materials interrelates in two aspects, first is the types, selection and organization of the building materials, second is new material being mixed to church building together with traditional materials. The research contributes to provide information and data for inheriting of traditional building materials in Northern Shaanxi and protecting of regional environmental.
Experimental Study on HMPE Fiber Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Lee Hisen Hua , Chen Yen Shuo , Cheng Chi Wen
Published: November 2012

Abstract. Concrete as a most popular construction material has many advantages such as easiness to be formed into various shapes, common availability and relative low cost. However, the low tensile strength and brittleness are disadvantages for wider application of the material. In this study, an advanced material of high strength and strong abrasion resistance HMPE fiber was used to reinforce concrete properties. A series of experimental testing were carried out to examine the properties of both fresh and hardened HMPE fiber reinforced concrete. It was found that the addition of an HMPE fiber material in concrete may enhance its compressive strength as high as 20% increment without water-reducing admixture. If a water-reducing admixture was applied, the increment of compressive strength may reach as high as 25% for 1.5% volume ratio of fiber contained in concrete.
Numerical Simulation of Combined Aggregate Concrete Cube Compression Test
Authors: Zhang Yan Kun , Wu Hai Ying , Zhao Shu Shan
Published: November 2012

By the submicroscopic analysis, the combined aggregate concrete is regarded as a three-phase complex material, composed of light aggregate, common aggregate and mortar. APDL program is developed to generate two-dimension aggregate structure, the radius and position of aggregate distribute randomly. Using the Boolean operation, the light aggregate, common aggregate and mortar is meshed. On the basis, the loading process of combined aggregate concrete cube is studied. It would provide reference for mechanical property analysis of combined aggregate concrete.
The Analysis on Mistaken Concepts of the Planning and Design of University Campus Based on a Case
Authors: Wu Xiao Gang , Zhou Wei Feng
Published: November 2012

There are quite a few unreasonable cases of the planning and design of university campus in China college towns recently. The article puts forward three principles of the campus planning, analyzes the indistinguishable but subsistent mistaken concepts in the case used, and then offers some means to settle the problems such as lack of integrity awareness, bureaucracy thought and so on. The aim is to play some benefits for future campus design and architectural culture.
Flow Characteristics of Viscoelastic Polymer Solution in Contraction Micro-Pores of Different Pore-Throat Ratio
Authors: Tang En Gao , Yin Hong Jun , Zhong Hui Ying , Meng Si Yuan
Published: November 2012

Pore-throat ratio is a significant parameter expressing the characteristics of reservoir pores. It has an apparent influence on viscoelastic polymer solution flow in micro-pores. In this article, Upper-Convected Maxwell (UCM) equation is adapted to describe the viscoelastic polymer behavior. The contraction channel models of different pore-throat ratio are selected in process of simulation. And contours of stream function and velocity of different Weissenberg number (We) are calculated and drawn by Finite Volume Method. Results show that, vortex will occur at the re-entrant corner caused by the sudden contraction of channel, size and intensity of the corner recirculation vortex. The residual oil region is reduced and the mobile oil region is enlarged. Microscopic sweep efficiency is increased relatively. Vortex will be larger and stronger, and the velocity will be increased for We. Vortex will be lager with the bigger pore-throat ratio. Micro-sweep efficiency will be capitalized by viscoelastic polymer solution to the utmost.
Bearing Capacity Analysis of Masonry Wall Reinforced by Boards Wall Considering Stress-Lag Effect
Authors: Jiang Ji Tong , Jin Ya Wen , Guo Hong Qiu , Yang Song , Du De Run
Published: November 2012

This paper has primarily studied stress-lag effect for reinforced components by using the finite element method. The mature finite element analysis software ANSYS is selected as the calculation tool and the research object is a brick wall of reinforcing concrete splint. The concrete splints bear most horizontal seismic shear force for the stiffness of the new surface course is high. When seismic action occurs, the concrete splints may be broken before the brick walls. After compared the results of ANSYS and PKPM, the actual bearing capacity value of the concrete splints is smaller than the calculation results of the reinforcement design method by current codes for ignoring the influence of stress-lag effect.
A Study on Damage Properties of Explosive Internal-Blast of Concrete
Authors: Wang Qing Tao , Ding Jue , Ying Meng Kan , Zhang Bao Liang
Published: November 2012

Blast can cause serious loss of people live and property，and heavy damage on building structures. So, a numerical study on internal-blast-field characteristics and dynamic response of concrete by aluminized explosive was conducted. Moreover, three energy release models of aluminized explosive with combustion effects were compared and analyzed. The numerical study shows that the ignition and growth model is one three-form equation of reaction rate, which can describe unsteady detonation process of non-ideal explosives well. So, in this paper, the energy release model of aluminized explosive based on the Lee-Tarver rate equation was utilized, and an internal-blast dynamic model of concrete was established. The smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method was adopted to research the explosion field and damage effects of concrete, and provides an important way to evaluate the damage effect of internal-blast of the concrete.
Experimental Study of Injured RC Beam–Column Joints Strengthened with CFRP
Authors: Yang Zhi Yong , Chang Zheng Fei , Fang Ming Xin , Hu Jun , Wang Gang
Published: November 2012

During earthquakes, the RC Beam-column joints failure is identified as the principal cause for frame building collapse during. The research of concrete frame joints rehabilitation has a special significance. This paper presents an experimental study of two plane crisscross RC beam–column joints specimens strengthened with CFRP composites. In this project, injured RC frame interior Beam-column joints reinforced by CFRP will be studied by structure experimental theory analysis. In experiment, through pseudo-static experiment, a series of date such as strength, stiffness ductility factor and consumption coefficient will be collected. The following results will be planed to be obtain: (1)The mechanical properties and failure mechanism of the component; (2)Seismic performance of injured and uninjured RC frame interior Beam-column joints reinforced by CFRP as well as the relationship between them; (3) Bearing capacity formula of the injured RC frame interior Beam-column joints reinforced by CFRP. The results generated from this comprehensive project are expected to be of considerable interest and practical use to professionals and researchers involved in the reinforcement of damaged frame joints.
Analysis and Application of Concrete’s Aesthetic Characteristics
Authors: Chu Yan , Zhen Zhen
Published: November 2012

As the most common material, concrete shows one of the most essential beauty, with the natural appearance of calm charm, innate, some heavy and elegant modern building materials can not be replicated and comparable. Material itself has a soft feel, rigid sense of warmth, cold and flu, and not only the spirit of the human impact on the senses, and can express the emotion building. So architects believe that this is a noble simplicity, seems to be simple, in fact, more than the magnificent artistic effect.
Research Advancement of C/C Woodceramics
Authors: Zhang Wei Li , Zhu Jian , Wang Ping , Li Ke Lin , Lei Ming Jing , Su Yang
Published: November 2012

C/C woodceramics is one of the polymeric organic/inorganic composite materials, and it has many advantages such as rich raw material source, little harm to environment in its production and use, good renewable property and wide application. In recent year, it is highly important and significant for C/C woodceramics study. The changes of C/C woodceramics’ structure and property influenced by different wood types, sintering temperature, and resin content are summarized comprehensively in this paper. Preparation mechanism and properties of woodceramics are also concluded. In the final, problems found in the field of C/C woodceramics research have been put forward and discussed.
Research on the Anti- Corrosion Performance of Two Hot-Dip Coatings
Authors: Cao Zhi Min , Li Guo Xin , Lian Hui , Hu Da Wei
Published: November 2012

Samples covered two kinds of hot-dip coatings were purchased and placed in neutral salt spray to study the anti-corrosion performance. The results showed that one sample was eroded more seriously than the other. The reasons were analyzed through surface morphology and the reaction products of the hot-dip coatings by scanning electron microscope and element composition. The results showed that might be the fractures developed of the corroded sample during the productive process that made O2 and solution contact with the substrate.
Exploring Research on Raschig Rings/Ceramic Double-Packed BAF
Authors: Lv Xiao Mei , Li Ji , Zhang Zhen Jiang , Gao Xin Lei
Published: November 2012

A BAF double packed with Raschig rings/ceramic media was developed to determine its pollutants removal efficiency with less frequent backwashing as compared with ordinary BAF. Results showed that a stable operation was achieved during the entire test period and the backwashing cycle time could be extended as well. The COD and SS removals of 57% and 52%, respectively, could be achieved by the Raschig rings packed layer. Nitrifying bacteria accounted for as much as 95% in the ceramic packed layer and ensured high nitrification efficiency with a removal rate of 40.2 gNH4+-N/h•m3. With wastewater pretreatment and backwashing of the packed Raschig rings, the operation cycle of double-packed BAF could be extended to 16 days. In addition, the recovery of treatment performance was fairly rapid after backwashing.
Green Building Design Based on LEED Standarts
Authors: Li Yun Xuan , Tan Da Lu , Liao Chen Ya
Published: November 2012

With the growing importance of energy saving and environmental protection, building energy efficiency has become an important element of global energy conservation and green building has played a leading role in this regard. However, to achieve real building energy-saving, we should begin with green building design. LEED evaluation system is the most widely used and leading a new generation of architectural design trends. LEED standards used in green building design content the basic requirements of the tenants. At the same time, they protect the ecological environment and conserve natural resources largely.
Research on Internal Causes of Formation of Eight-Trigram Form Gathering in Gaoyao Region in Guangdong Province
Authors: Zhou Yi Xin
Published: November 2012

In Gaoyao Region in Guangdong Province there are several gatherings of Eight-trigram form, which are extremely consistent with Eight-trigram pattern. Over the years, some scholars, as well as in the official publicity materials, hold that these gatherings are created based on the concept deriving from Taiji and Eight-trigram Thinking. However, after research on several typical Eight-trigram form gatherings, the author holds that the Eight-trigram form is only external manifestation of the gathering, it also has more important intrinsic causes. The first is the adaptability to natural factors, followed by defense considerations, and the third is the social organizational forms.
Microbial Activity in Soils of Vegetation-Growing Concrete Slopes
Authors: Zhang Cheng Hu , Song Ting Ting , Liu Ju , Xia Hui Juan , Wang Jian Zhu
Published: November 2012

Natural restoration slope and vegetation-growing concrete slope were selected as plots. Soil water content (SWC), pH, and soil organic matter, total nitrogen content (TN), total organic carbon (TOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), basal respiration, microbial quotient and metabolic quotient (qCO2) were analyzed. The main results show that: Soil organic matter, TN and MBC of 0-10 cm soil in the natural restoration slope are significantly lower than that in the vegetation-growing concrete slopes at 0.05 level. Both MBC and MBN show a highly significant positive correlation with soil organic matter and TN. Microbial quotient shows a highly significant negative correlation with TOC and MBN, and shows a significant negative correlation with MBC. The qCO2 shows a highly significant negative correlation with pH, and a significant negative correlation with MBC. The vegetation-growing concrete technology can improve the soil ecosystem in the impaired slope.
Influence of Carbon Dioxide Concentration on Microalgal Growth in a Bubble Column Photobioreactor
Authors: Li Shu Wen , Luo Sheng Jun , Guo Rong Bo
Published: November 2012

The CO2 sequestration by microalgae is thought to be one of the most sustainable strategies to relieve global warming. To produce 1 ton of microalgal dry biomass, 2 ton of CO2 is required. However, insufficient supply of CO2 will limit microalgal growth, and excessive CO2 both means wasting and inhibits microalgal growth. In the present study, the dissolved CO2 concentration in culture limiting and inhibiting microalgal growth (Chlorella vulgaris) in a bubble column photobioreactor was studied. The experimental results showed that the dissolved CO2 concentration ranging from 107μmol/L to 1500 μmol/L could meet microalgal growth’s need, which provides the guidance for microalgal CO2 biofixation with high efficiency.
Environmental Evaluation of Sanitary Landfills Establishment: Malaysian Case Studies
Authors: Zhang Chen , Santha Santha , Binti Shahul Hamid Fauziah
Published: November 2012

Poor management of dump-sites creates significant risks to environment and human health. Thus, sanitary landfills are required to be more effective to minimize the impacts of waste disposal. This research assesses the environmental economic evaluation focused on the economically efficiency of Malaysian sanitary landfills. Two landfills were selected based on their different operation. Landfill A incurred RM 128 million (USD 41.8 million) as the total cost within 20 operational period. Thus, it is estimated that the cost may be covered within 15 operational years. On the other hand, the total costs for Landfill B are estimated at RM 198 million (USD 64.8 million) with RM 245 million (USD 80.2 million) are expected to be obtained as profit within eight operational years. Landfill B has high initial costs of design and construction. However, the costs are covered within the first five years. This is because Landfill B introduces a new green technology namely landfill-gas power generator. This indicates that, Landfill B has stronger market competition ability as compared to Landfill A. It can be concluded that the implementation of green technology namely landfill gas harvesting system has higher impact to improve the economic value of a landfill thus making it more economical and environmentally sustainable.
Effects of Long-Term Fertilization Regimes on N2-Fixing Bacteria in a Luvisol Soil of Northeast China
Authors: Cai Li Jia , Xu Yong Gang , Yu Wan Tai
Published: November 2012

Long-term fertilization significantly inhibited the free-living N2-fixation rate (FNR) mainly because of the increased NO3–-N. DGGE profiles and redundancy analysis (RDA) plots clearly revealed that long-term fertilizations changed the community structures of N2-fixing bacteria (NFB) due to differences in N availability and pH. In addition, the differences in community composition were correlated with the changes in process rates for NFB (P < 0.05).
Shipping Oil Spill Environmental Damage Risk Assessment Methods: A Literature Review
Authors: Yu Xu Bo , Zhu Ming He , Niu Cheng Fei
Published: November 2012

As the certain basis of implementation of risk decision, risk assessment was used widely for reasonable allocation of scarce shipping oil spill response resources, but there is no a unified regulation for evaluation method. Three feasible methods of risk assessment, baseline assessment, detailed risk assessment, and combination of evaluation, are respectively introduced, including advantages and disadvantages. Then around the detailed risk assessment, present shipping oil spill environmental damage risk assessment study in China and abroad are then introduced in detail. Environmental damage assessment and oil spill risk assessment are introduced respectively including instantly popular appraisal methods, research hot spots and the most comprehensive evaluation model. Finally the possible direction of development of risk assessment is put forward in order to provide certain inspiration and references in developing domestic risk assessment.
Assessment of the Underground Water Contaminated by the Leachate of Waste Dump of Open Pit Coal Mine Based on RBF Neural Network
Authors: Liu Zhi Bin , Yang Xiao Wei
Published: November 2012

This paper used RBF artificial neural network to evaluate the underground water contaminated by the leachate of waste dump of open pit coal mine of Xinqiu in Fuxin. Firstly, with the advantages of neural network method in dealing with nonlinear problem, the RBF neural network model was built. Then, the normalized standard matrix was taken as training sample and the MATLAB software was used to train the training sample. Finally, the monitoring data were taken as test samples and were inputted in the RBF neural network model to evaluate the groundwater quality of study area. At the same time, the concept of degree of membership was adopted in the result making it more objective and accurate. The result shows that the ground water of this mining is seriously polluted, class of its pollution is Ⅳ-Ⅴ.The method with strong classification function and reliable evaluation results is simple and effective, and can be widely applied in all kinds of water resources comprehensive evaluation.
Comparison of Pre-Treatment Methods for Nanofiltration (NF) in Drinking Water Treatment Related with Organic Removal and Membrane Fouling Mitigation
Authors: Sun Fei Yun , Dong Wen Yi , Guo Xi
Published: November 2012

Nanofiltration is a promising technology for water engineering. However, membrane fouling is the major bottleneck for NF application. In this paper, four typical methods, in the drinking water treatment trains, were comprehensively studied for their effectiveness as NF pretreatments, based on the organic removal improvement and membrane fouling mitigation. It was found that coagulation and UF had stably higher removal efficiencies of organic matters, whilst showed quite better fouling mitigation capabilities than the other methods. According to the analysis of total resistance changes in the NF membrane, coagulation could decrease the irreversible resistance to some extent, and improve the fouling recovery potential. Notwithstanding, the enhancement of nitrogen components by all pre-treatment methods were limited, indicating that further treatment would be necessary. This result herein was very useful to understand the NF process for drinking water treatment, as well to elevate the cost-effectiveness of NF application.