bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nrf1 Is Endowed with a Dominant Tumor-Repressing Effect onto the Wnt/β-Catenin-Dependent and Wnt/β-Catenin-Independent Signaling Networks in the Human Liver Cancer
Authors: Chen Jiayu , Wang Meng , Xiang Yuancai , Ru Xufang , Ren Yonggang , Liu Xiping , Qiu Lu , Zhang Yiguo
Published: March 2020

Our previous work revealed that Nrf1αexerts a tumor-repressing effect because its genomic loss (to yieldNrf1α-/-) results in oncogenic activation of Nrf2 and target genes. Interestingly,β-catenin is concurrently activated by loss of Nrf1αin a way similar toβ-catenin-driven liver tumor. However, a presumable relationship between Nrf1 andβ-catenin is not yet established. Here, we demonstrate that Nrf1 enhanced ubiquitination ofβ-catenin for targeting proteasomal degradation. Conversely, knockdown of Nrf1 by its short hairpin RNA (shNrf1) caused accumulation ofβ-catenin so as to translocate the nucleus, allowing activation of a subset of Wnt/β-catenin signaling responsive genes, which leads to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and related cellular processes. Such silencing of Nrf1 resulted in malgrowth of human hepatocellular carcinoma, along with malignant invasion and metastasis to the lung and liver in xenograft model mice. Further transcriptomic sequencing unraveled significant differences in the expression of both Wnt/β-catenin-dependent and Wnt/β-catenin-independent responsive genes implicated in the cell process, shape, and behavior of the shNrf1-expressing tumor. Notably, we identified thatβ-catenin is not a target gene of Nrf1, but this CNC-bZIP factor contributes to differential or opposing expression of other critical genes, such asCDH1,Wnt5A,Wnt11A,FZD10,LEF1,TCF4,SMAD4,MMP9,PTEN,PI3K,JUN, andp53, each of which depends on the positioning of distinctcis-regulatory sequences (e.g., ARE and/or AP-1 binding sites) in the gene promoter contexts. In addition, altered expression profiles of some Wnt/β-catenin signaling proteins were context dependent, as accompanied by decreased abundances of Nrf1 in the clinic human hepatomas with distinct differentiation. Together, these results corroborate the rationale that Nrf1 acts as abona fidedominant tumor repressor, by its intrinsic inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and relevant independent networks in cancer development and malignant progression.
Radial Joints Behavior of a Precast Asymmetric Underpass Induced by Long-Term Loads of Ground Vehicles
Authors: Jin Zhiyi , Qi Taiyue , Liang Xiao , Lei Bo , Yu Yangyang , Gong Yuchen , Ji Weidu
Published: March 2020

With the rapid development of the urbanization, many underpasses are designed and constructed in big cities to alleviate the huge traffic pressure. The construction method has been changed from traditional on-site concrete pouring technology to prefabricated assembly technology. However, this change will inevitably bring out some new problems to be studied such as the behaviour of the radial joints. In this study, the numerical simulation model of Moziqiao precast and assemble underpass with large asymmetric cross section was constructed by using the ABAQUS software to study the transient response of the underpass induced by ground surface dynamic load. Based on the similarity theory a 1/10 scaled model test was carried out to study the long-term radial joint behaviour of the underpass considering the prestress loss during the 2000 000 loading cycles. The results transient dynamic response from computed and tested was compared in terms of acceleration. The comparison showed that the transient response accelerations have good consistency. The results of the physical model test were analysed in terms of joint opening, closure, and slipping. The accumulative joint opening was closely correlated to the prestress level, and the joint opening at different prestress levels increased with the loss of the prestress. The joints closure decreased with the increase of the previous accumulative color value. The joint slipping mainly attributed to the slipping of the top segment. Both the opening and slipping of the joints at RJ 1 were larger than that of RJ3 due to the wider span of RJ1, which reflected an asymmetric effect. This study revealed the long-term accumulative behaviour of the radial joints, which convinced us that the long-term accumulative deformation of the joints should be taken into consideration during the design stage for similar projects.
Clinical Characteristics and Surgical Safety in Congenital Cataract Eyes with Three Pathological Types of Posterior Capsule Abnormalities
Authors: Ding Xixia , Xiang Linfeng , Wang Qianwei , Wang Dandan , Chang Pingjun , Li Zhangliang , Zhao Yinying , Chu Feixue , Ma Chao , Zhao Yun-e
Published: March 2020

Purpose. To observe the clinical characteristics of 3 pathological types of posterior capsule abnormalities (PCAs) in congenital cataracts (CCs) and evaluate the surgical safety in these eyes.Methods. This study involved 239 children (367 eyes) with CC who underwent cataract surgery at the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. All surgery videos were collected for detailed reviews. Intraoperative and postoperative complications (within 3 months) were all recorded.Results. The 3 pathological types of PCAs, namely, persistent fetal vasculature (PFV), posterior capsule defect (PCD), and posterior lenticonus (PLC), presented in 129 (35.1%) CC eyes, while 238 (64.9%) eyes were recorded as CC without PCA. The percentages of PFV, PCD, and PLC were 10.9%, 26.7%, and 5.4% in CC eyes (n = 367), respectively. The most common concomitant of PFV eyes was PCD (42.5%), and PFV was the most frequent (17.3%) one in PCD eyes. PLC was only associated with PFV (15%) and PCD (50%). The occurrence rates of surgical complications ranged from 0 to 5.4%, and no statistical difference was found between the eyes with and without PCA (allP>0.05).Conclusions. PFV, PCD, and PLC play a very important role in the CCs. The effect of fetal vessels in PFV eyes might be an abnormally strong attachment on the posterior capsule, leading to PLC and PCD. Even in PCA patients, severe surgical complication can also be avoided with well-designed and skilled operation. This trial is registered withNCT03905044athttp://ClinicalTrials.gov.
Meloxicam, a Selective COX-2 Inhibitor, Mediates Hypoxia-Inducible Factor- (HIF-) 1α Signaling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Yinghong , Dong Xiaofeng , Xiu Peng , Wang Xin , Yang Jianrong , Li Lei , Li Zhongchao , Sun Pengfei , Shi Xuetao , Zhong Jingtao
Published: March 2020

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is regarded as a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, and its progression is associated with hypoxia and the induction of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). Meloxicam, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, induces cell death in various malignancies. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated in HCC, especially under hypoxic conditions. The alteration of COX-2 and HIF-1α oncogenicity was evaluated in HCC specimens by tissue microarray. Cell viability, angiogenesis assays, and xenografted nude mice were used to evaluate the effects of meloxicam, along with flow cytometry to detect the cell cycle, apoptosis, and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) of HCC. qRT-PCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, luciferase assay, and RNAi were carried out to determine the HIF-1α signaling affected by meloxicam. In this study, we showed that meloxicam exerts antiproliferative and antiangiogenesis efficacy in vitro and in vivo and causes disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), thus leading to caspase-dependent apoptosis under hypoxic environments. Exposure to meloxicam significantly reduced HIF-1α transcriptional activation and expression through sequestering it in the cytoplasm and accelerating degradation via increasing the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein (pVHL) in HCC. These data demonstrated that inhibition of HIF-1α by meloxicam could suppress angiogenesis and enhance apoptosis of HCC cells. This discovery highlights that COX-2 specific inhibitors may be a promising therapy in the treatment of HCC.
Interactive Motion-Assisted Exposure Therapy for Veterans with Treatment-Resistant Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: van Gelderen Marieke J. , Nijdam Mirjam J. , Haagen Joris F.G. , Vermetten Eric
Published: March 2020

Background: Veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) tend to benefit less from evidence-based treatments than other PTSD populations. A novel virtual reality and motion-assisted exposure therapy, called 3MDR, provides treatment in an immersive, personalized and activating context. Objective: To study the efficacy of 3MDR for veterans with treatment-resistant PTSD. Method: In a randomized controlled trial (n = 43) 3MDR was compared to a non-specific treatment component control group. Primary outcome was clinician-rated PTSD symptoms at baseline, after 3MDR, and at the 12-week and 16-week follow-up (primary end point). Intention-to-treat analyses of covariance and mixed models were applied to study differences between groups at the end point and over the course of intervention, controlling for baseline scores. Results: The decrease in PTSD symptom severity from baseline to end point was significantly greater for 3MDR as compared to the control group, with a large effect size (F[1, 37] = 6.43, p = 0.016, d = 0.83). No significant between-group difference was detected in the course of PTSD symptoms during treatment when including all time points. The dropout rate was low (7%), and 45% of the patients in the 3MDR group improved clinically. The number needed to treat was 2.86. Conclusions: In this trial, 3MDR significantly decreased PTSD symptoms in veterans with, on average, a history of 4 unsuccessful treatments. The low dropout rate may be indicative of high engagement. However, a lack of significant differences on secondary outcomes limits conclusions that can be drawn on its efficacy and underlines the need for larger phase III trials. These data show emerging evidence for 3MDR and its potential to progress PTSD treatment for veterans (Dutch Trial Register Identifier: NL5126).
Successful Treatment of a Patient with anti-PD1 Antibody-Resistant Advanced Mucosal Melanoma with Nivolumab, Ipilimumab plus Denosumab Combination Therapy
Authors: Fujimura Taku , Kambayashi Yumi , Ohuchi Kentaro , Amagai Ryo , Sato Yota , Tanita Kayo , Hashimoto Akira , Aiba Setsuya
Published: March 2020

Since the incidence of mucosal melanoma is higher in the Japanese population compared to Caucasians, and since mucosal melanoma possesses a lower mutation burden compared to cutaneous melanoma, the efficacy of anti-PD1 antibody (Ab) monotherapy for mucosal melanoma is limited. Therefore, other targeting molecules that enhance the anti-tumor effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors are needed. In this report, we present a case with anti-PD1 Ab-resistant recurrent malignant melanoma of the nasal cavity successfully treated with nivolu­mab, ipilimumab plus denosumab combination therapy.
Surgical Treatment of Sacral Chordoma: The Role of Laparoscopy
Authors: Efetov Sergey K. , Picciariello Arcangelo , Kochetkov Viktor S. , Puzakov Kirill B. , Alekberzade Aftandil V. , Tulina Inna A. , Tsarkov Petr V.
Published: March 2020

Sacral chordoma is a rare tumour that represents the most common malignancy of the sacral region. Its diagnosis can be delayed because of unclear clinical manifestation. This tumour can involve surrounding anatomical structure such as the rectum, and its surgical treatment is still challenging. We report on 3 patients with sacral chordoma. Two of them were successfully treated using a laparoscopic approach and one by open surgery. We present all details of the surgical technique and patients’ outcome. Minimally invasive methods in the surgical treatment of chordoma allow to perform a radical dissection of the tumour, minimizing the operative trauma. A laparoscopic approach can be considered safe and radical for sacral chordoma treatment.
Detecting and Shadows in the HSV Color Space Using Dynamic Thresholds
Authors: Hdioud Boutaina , El Haj Tirari Mohammed , Oulad Haj Thami Rachid , Faizi Rdouan
Published: March 2020

The detection of moving objects in a video sequence is an essential step in almost all the systems of vision by computer. However, because of the dynamic change in natural scenes, the detection of movement becomes a more difficult task. In this work, we propose a new method for the detection moving objects that is robust to shadows, noise and illumination changes. For this purpose, the detection phase of the proposed method is an adaptation of the MOG approach where the foreground is extracted by considering the HSV color space. To allow the method not to take shadows into consideration during the detection process, we developed a new shade removal technique based on a dynamic thresholding of detected pixels of the foreground. The calculation model of the threshold is established by two statistical analysis tools that take into account the degree of the shadow in the scene and the robustness to noise.  Experiments undertaken on a set of video sequences showed that the method put forward provides better results compared to existing methods that are limited to using static thresholds.
Conceptualizing Information Technology Governance Model for Higher Education: An Absorptive Capacity Approach
Authors: Adeniyi Ajayi Binyamin , Hussin Husnayati
Published: March 2020

Information Technology (IT) governance has been emerging as a central issue in many organizations. This is because IT governance is key to realizing IT business value. Past studies have focused on the three aspects of IT governance, namely, structural capability, process capability and relational capability.  At the same time, some studies have suggested that IT governance process should be viewed as a learning process rather than a problem solving process. Based on this scenario, the role of knowledge and knowledge based processes should be the central focus of IT governance.  As a learning process, IT governance effectiveness can be determined by how much impact IT governance practices has influenced on decision-makers’ thinking and actions. In this case, knowledge capacity absorbed from IT governance experience reflects a certain level of organizational learning (OL) achieved which later influences the level of IT governance performance. Since studies that adopt this perspective is lacking, this paper proposes a conceptual framework based on absorptive capacity approach for an IT governance performance model in the higher education. The paper contributes theoretically by extending the knowledge of IT governance by exploring a new perspective on OL.
Optimal Configuration of Wind Farms in Radial Distribution System Using Particle Swarm Optimization Technique
Authors: Kumar Mahesh , Das Bhagwan , Nallagownden Perumal , Elamvazuthi Irraivan , Ali Khan Sadia
Published: March 2020

Recently, a wide range of wind farm based distributed generations (DGs) are being integrated into distribution systems to fulfill energy demands and to reduce the burden on transmission corridors. The non-optimal configuration of DGs could severely affect the distribution system operations and control. Hence, the aim of this paper is to analyze the wind data in order to build a mathematical model for power output and pinpoint the optimal location. The overall objective is minimization of power loss reduction in distribution system. The five years of wind data was taken from 24o 44’ 29” North, 67o 35’ 9” East coordinates in Pakistan. The optimal location for these wind farms were pinpointed via particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm using standard IEEE 33 radial distribution system. The result reveals that the proposed method helps in improving renewable energy near to load centers, reduce power losses and improve voltage profile of the system. Moreover, the validity and performance of the proposed model were also compared with other optimization algorithms.
Information Technology Supplier Management in Hospitals
Authors: Raharjana Indra Kharisma , Puspadini Ayundha , Hariyanti Eva
Published: March 2020

In this study, we developed a document for managing Information Technology suppliers in hospitals. This document is used to ensure the proper management of IT suppliers in the hospital. Products and services in Information Technology have characteristics and specifications that are always up to date, making it difficult for non-IT people to understand. Hospitals whose main business in the health sector is often lack of human resources who understand IT. Observations and interviews were conducted in Indonesian hospital, to identify the characteristics and problems in supplier management. Control Objectives for Information and Related Technologies (COBIT), Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) and government regulations on supplier management were reviewed and combined as a benchmark and guidance on how supplier management activities are carried out. The result of the process is a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) document.    The parties involved in the supplier management process have evaluated the SOP document. From the results of the study, it is known that currently, the hospital is still focused on procedures procurement of goods and services that are government regulated. This study proposes some new activities that are not currently done by the hospital.
Newton-raphson method to solve systems of non-linear equations in VANET performance optimization
Authors: Yah Siti Asilah , Yaakob Naimah , Elobaid Mohamed Elshaikh , Lynn Ong Bi , Badlishah R. , Wan Abdullah Wan Aida Nadia
Published: March 2020

Nowadays, Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET) has got more attention from the researchers. The researchers have studied numerous topics of VANET, such as the routing protocols of VANET and the MAC protocols of VANET. The aim of their works is to improve the network performance of VANET, either in terms of energy consumption or packet delivery ratio (PDR) and delay. For this research paper, the main goal is to find the coefficient of a, b and c of three non-linear equations by using a Newton- Raphson method. Those three non-linear equations are derived from a different value of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol's parameters. After that, those three coefficient is then will be used in optimization of the VANET in terms of energy, PDR, and delay.
Design and parametric evaluation of UWB antenna for array arrangement
Authors: Shaikh Faraz Ahmed , Khan Sheroz , H. M. Zahirul Alam A , Baillargeat Dominique , Habaebi Mohamed Hadi , Yaacob Mashkuri Bin , Shah Jawad , Shahid Zeeshan
Published: March 2020

This paper has introduced the concept of UWB antenna in array arrangements. The four elements of Balance Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna (BAVA) has been used for planar and H-plane array configuration in this research. Each single element of BAVA Antenna is printed on the glass-reinforced epoxy laminate material (FR4) along an overall thickness of 1.57mm and εr=4.3 respectively. The optimized measurement of each particular element is 60.75mm x 66mm approximatel. Further the parametric evaluation of four BAVA elements in different planes has been observed in this paper. The placement of array elements has almost coverd entire UWB frequency range and appropriate reflection coefficient which is better than -10dB has been established in both combinations. According to simulation results, the array elements in planar arrangement presenting a suitable reflection and works well at 3.2GHz frequency while the arrangement in H-plane the array elements works well at 7GHz of frequency. In planar arrangement, the operating frequency of antenna elements is shifting as results of the distance among inter elements which increase in wavelength. In H-plane arrangement an antenna elements generate additional gain up to 10.2 dB with good radiation patterns as compared to the planar plane. The CSTMWS simulation software has been used for antenna structural design and parametric verification.
Dimensionality reduction and hierarchical clustering in framework for hyperspectral image segmentation
Authors: Mallikharjuna Rao K. , Srinivasa Rao B. , Sai Chandana B. , Harikiran J.
Published: March 2020

The hyperspectral data contains hundreds of narrows bands representing the same scene on earth, with each pixel has a continuous reflectance spectrum. The first attempts to analysehyperspectral images were based on techniques that were developed for multispectral images by randomly selecting few spectral channels, usually less than seven. This random selection of bands degrades the performance of segmentation algorithm on hyperspectraldatain terms of accuracies. In this paper, a new framework is designed for the analysis of hyperspectral image by taking the information from all the data channels with dimensionality reduction method using subset selection and hierarchical clustering. A methodology based on subset construction is used for selecting k informative bands from d bands dataset. In this selection, similarity metrics such as Average Pixel Intensity [API], Histogram Similarity [HS], Mutual Information [MI] and Correlation Similarity [CS] are used to create k distinct subsets and from each subset, a single band is selected. The informative bands which are selected are merged into a single image using hierarchical fusion technique. After getting fused image, Hierarchical clustering algorithm is used for segmentation of image. The qualitative and quantitative analysis shows that CS similarity metric in dimensionality reduction algorithm gets high quality segmented image.
Investigation of time diversity gain for earth to satellite link using rain rate gain
Authors: Alam Md. Moktarul , Rafiqul Islam Md. , Badron Khairayu , Dyana A. R. Farah , Dao Hassaan , Hassan M. Rofiqul , Lwas Ali Kadhim
Published: March 2020

The utilization of satellites for communication systems has expanded considerably in recent years. C and Ku-bands of frequencies are already congested because of high demand. Future directions of satellite communications are moving towards Ka and V-bands. Earth to satellite communications are moving towards higher frequency bands in future which are more sensitive to environment. Rain causes severe degradation in performances at higher frequency bands specially in tropical regions. Several mitigation techniques are proposed to design reliable system. Time diversity is one of the potential candidate for it. However, time diversity analysis requires measured rain attenuation data. For future high frequency link design those data are not available at most of the places. This thesis proposes a method to utilize 1-minute rain rate to analyze time diversity technique at any desired frequency. This paper proposes a method to utilize 1-minute rain rate to analyse time diversity rain rate gain. In proposed method, it is assumed that rain rate gain with delay can represent rain attenuation gain with delay for same period of time at same location. The characteristics of rain rate and rain attenuation almost same because the attenuation causes due to rain.  One year measured rain rate in Malaysia is used to predict rain rate gain. The measured gain at 12.225 GHz signal is compared with that predicted by ITU-R based on rain rate measurement and is found good agreement. Hence it is recommended that the time diversity gain can be predicted using measured rain rate for any desired frequencies.
Parasitic consideration for differential capacitive sensor
Authors: Arfah Che Mustapha Nurul , H. M. Zahirul Alam A. , Khan Sheroz , Wong Azman Amelia
Published: March 2020

Parasitic integration for a single supply differential capacitive sensing technique is presented in this paper. In real capacitive sensor measurement, parasitic impedance exists in its measurement. This paper objective is to study the effect of capacitive and resistive parasitic to the capacitive sensor circuit. The differential capacitive sensor circuit derivation theory is elaborated first. Then, comparison is made using simulation. Test was carried out using frequency from 40 kHz up to 400 kHz. Result is presented and have shown good linearity of 0.99984 at 300 kHz, R-squared value. This capacitive sensor is expected to be used for energy harvesting application.
Magnetic resonance coupling for 5G WPT applications
Authors: Kamarudin Saidatul Izyanie , Ismail A. , Sali A. , Ahmad M. Y.
Published: March 2020

Inductive Wireless Power Transfer (IWPT) is the most popular and common technology for the resonance coupling power transfer. However, in 2007 it has experimentally demonstrated by a research group from Massachusets Institute of Technology (MIT) that WPT can be improved by using Magnetic Resonance Coupling Wireless Power Transfer (MRC WPT) in terms of the coupling distance and efficiency. Furthermore, by exploiting the unused, high-frequency mm-wave band which are ranging from 3~300 GHz frequency band, the next 5G generations of wireless networks will be able to support a higher number of devices with the increasing data rate, higher energy efficiency and also compatible with the previous technology. In this work, a square planar inductor with the dimension of 6.1 x 6.1 mm is designed, and the resonators have the same self-resonance frequency at 14 GHz. The coil resonators have been laid on Silicon and Oxide substrate to reduce the loss in the design. From the CST software simulation and the analytical model in MATLAB software, it has been shown that the MRC WPT design has improved the performance of IWPT design by 40% power transfer efficiency. MRC WPT design also has larger H-Field value which is 705.5 A/m, as compared to the IWPT design which has only 285.6 A/m when both Transmitter(Tx) and Reciever(RX) is at 0.3 mm coupling distance.
Comparison on space charge and voltage distribution of high voltage insulator subjected to different contamination levels
Authors: Samuri N. A. , Azlin binti Othman Nordiana , Piah M. A. M. , Jamail N. A. M. , Rosli H.
Published: March 2020

This paper presents the study of space charge distribution on high voltage (HV) insulators under different levels of contamination. Two types of HV insulators were used in this work particularly glass and porcelain insulators. A string of 4-unit glass and porcelain insulators with 33 kV of lines voltage was designed and simulated using QuickfieldTM software. Four levels of contamination layer with different thickness have been applied on the surface of insulators to observe the effect of space charge distribution. Simulation results show that different types of insulators used at transmission lines give different effects on charge and voltage distribution. It is also found that the amplitude of charge for a single porcelain insulator is much higher compared to a single glass insulator. Similarly for a string of 4-unit insulators, the voltage distribution along the creepage distance of porcelain insulators is much higher compared to glass insulators under all contamination levels.
Impact of security breach on the upstream delay performance of next generation gigabit passive optical networks
Authors: M. Atan F. , Zulkifli Nadiatulhuda , M. Idrus S. , A. Ismail N. , M. Zin A.
Published: March 2020

The next generation passive optical networks (NG-GPON) such as long reach GPON is the future-proof solution to answer the continuous demands for access user bandwidth and network expansion. However, security which is yet to be addressed in NG-GPON needs urgent attention as it will become more critical due to much longer distance, denser user population and more network elements. In addition, the longer propagation delay in NG-GPON can also lead to a more complex bandwidth allocation mechanism that is expected to operate in a dynamic manner. Among the highlights of recommendations for future implementation are improvements in the security aspect and the use of dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) algorithm that suit the characteristics of long reach GPON. Current PON is exposed to degradation attack, a security breach that can harm how bandwidth fairness mechanism among ONUs work. Thus, this project proposes a secured DBA mechanism for NG-PON that could overcome this particular threat. In specific, a detection phase will be included in the DBA mechanism to sense and subsequently mitigate abnormal behaviours among ONUs that are harmful to the goal of DBA i.e. to ensure QoS among ONUs and traffics. At the same time, careful attention is given on the delay parameter as it is a critical parameter that can affect DBA performance in long reach GPON. In this paper, preliminary analysis is shown that reveal how possibility of threats increase with increasing of distance and network elements.
Obfuscated computer virus detection using machine learning algorithm
Authors: Xin Tan Hui , Ismail Ismahani , Khammas Ban Mohammed
Published: March 2020

Nowadays, computer virus attacks are getting very advanced. New obfuscated computer virus created by computer virus writers will generate a new shape of computer virus automatically for every single iteration and download. This constantly evolving computer virus has caused significant threat to information security of computer users, organizations and even government. However, signature based detection technique which is used by the conventional anti-computer virus software in the market fails to identify it as signatures are unavailable. This research proposed an alternative approach to the traditional signature based detection method and investigated the use of machine learning technique for obfuscated computer virus detection. In this work, text strings are used and have been extracted from virus program codes as the features to generate a suitable classifier model that can correctly classify obfuscated virus files. Text string feature is used as it is informative and potentially only use small amount of memory space. Results show that unknown files can be correctly classified with 99.5% accuracy using SMO classifier model. Thus, it is believed that current computer virus defense can be strengthening through machine learning approach.
Design consideration in low dropout voltage regulator for batteryless power management unit
Authors: Mohd Kamel Mohamad Khairul bin , Wong Yan Chiew
Published: March 2020

Harvesting energy from ambient Radio Frequency (RF) source is a great deal toward batteryless Internet of Thing (IoT) System on Chip (SoC) application as green technology has become a future interest. However, the harvested energy is unregulated thus it is highly susceptible to noise and cannot be used efficiently. Therefore, a dedicated low noise and high Power Supply Ripple Rejection (PSRR) of Low Dropout (LDO) voltage regulator are needed in the later stages of system development to supply the desired load voltage. Detailed analysis of the noise and PSRR of an LDO is not sufficient. This work presents a design of LDO to generate a regulated output voltage of 1.8V from 3.3V input supply targeted for 120mA load application. The performance of LDO is evaluated and analyzed. The PSRR and noise in LDO have been investigated by applying a low-pass filter. The proposed design achieves the design specification through the simulation results by obtaining 90.85dB of open-loop gain, 76.39º of phase margin and 63.46dB of PSRR respectively. The post-layout simulation shows degradation of gain and maximum load current due to parasitic issue. The measurement of maximum load regulation is dropped to 96mA compared 140mA from post-layout. The proposed LDO is designed using 180nm Silterra CMOS process technology.
A 30mV input battery-less power management system
Authors: Yap Jim Hui , Wong Yan Chiew
Published: March 2020

This paper presents a fully-integrated on chip battery-less power management system through energy harvesting circuit developed in a 130nm CMOS process. A 30mV input voltage from a TEG is able to be boosted by the proposed Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) voltage booster and a dynamic closed loop power management to a regulated 1.2V. Waste body heat is harvested through Thermoelectric energy harvesting to power up low power devices such as Wireless Body Area Network. A significant finding where 1 Degree Celsius thermal difference produces a minimum 30mV is able to be boosted to 1.2V. Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) digital control oscillator is the key component for the gate control of the proposed voltage booster. Radio Frequency (RF) rectifier is utilized to act as a start-up mechanism for voltage booster and power up the low voltage closed loop power management circuit. The digitally control oscillator and comparator are able to operate at low voltage 600mV which are powered up by a RF rectifier, and thus to kick-start the voltage booster.
Development of a quadruped mobile robot and its movement system using geometric-based inverse kinematics
Authors: Muslim Muhammad Aziz , Rusli Mochammad , Zufaryansyah Achnafian Rafif , Ibrahim B. S. K. K.
Published: March 2020

As the main testbed platform of Artificial Intelligence, the robot plays an essential role in creating an environment for industrial revolution 4.0. According to their bases, the robot can be categorized into a fixed based robot and a mobile robot. Current robotics research direction is interesting since people strive to create a mobile robot able to move in the land, water, and air. This paper presents development of a quadruped mobile robot and its movement system using geometric-based inverse kinematics. The study is related to the movement of a four-legged (quadruped) mobile robot with three Degrees of Freedom (3 DOF) for each leg. Because it has four legs, the movement of the robot can only be done through coordinating the movements of each leg. In this study, the trot gait pattern method is proposed to coordinate the movement of the robot's legs. The end-effector position of each leg is generated by a simple trajectory generator with half rectified sine wave pattern. Furthermore, to move each robot's leg, it is proposed to use geometric-based inverse kinematic. The experimental results showed that the proposed method succeeded in moving the mobile robot with precision. Movement errors in the translation direction are 1.83% with the average pose error of 1.33 degrees, means the mobile robot has good walking stability.
Optimal distributed generation in green building assessment towards line loss reduction for Malaysian public hospital
Authors: Amran Mohd Effendi , Muhtazaruddin Mohd Nabil , Bani Nurul Aini , Kaidi Hazilah Mad , Hassan Mohamad Zaki , Sarip Shamsul , Muhammad-Sukki Firdaus
Published: March 2020

This paper presents an optimization approach for criteria setting of Renewable Distributed Generation (DG) in the Green Building Rating System (GBRS). In this study, the total line loss reduction is analyzed and set as the main objective function in the optimization process which then a reassessment of existing criteria setting for renewable energy (RE) is proposed towards lower loss outcome. Solar photovoltaic (PV)-type DG unit (PV-DG) is identified as the type of DG used in this paper. The proposed PV-DG optimization will improve the sustainable energy performance of the green building by total line losses reduction within accepted lower losses region using Artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm. The distribution network uses bus and line data setup from selected one of each three levels of Malaysian public hospital. MATLAB simulation result shows that the PV-DG expanding capacity towards optimal scale and location provides a better outcome in minimizing total line losses within an appropriate voltage profile as compared to the current setting of PV-DG imposed in selected GBRS. Thus, reassessment of RE parameter setting and the proposed five rankings with new PV-DG setting for public hospital provides technical justification and give the best option to the green building developer for more effective RE integration.
Augmented reality: effect on conceptual change of scientific
Authors: Nincarean Eh Phon Danakorn , Zainal Abidin Ahmad Firdaus , Ab Razak Mohd Faizal , Kasim Shahreen , Basori Ahmad Hoirul , Sutikno Tole
Published: March 2020

In recent years, Augmented Reality (AR) has received increasing emphasis and researchers gradually promote it Over the worlds. With the unique abilities to generate virtual objects over the real-world environment, it can enhance user perception. Although AR recognised for their enormous positive impacts, there are still a ton of matters waiting to be discovered. Research studies on AR toward conceptual change, specifically in scientific concept, are particularly limited. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the effect of integrating AR on conceptual change in scientific concepts. Thirty-four primary school students participated in the study. A pre-test and post-test were used to assess participants’ understanding of the scientific concepts before and after learning through AR. The findings demonstrated that 82% among them had misconceptions about the scientific concepts before learning through AR. However, most of them (around 88%) able to correct their misconceptions and shifted to have a scientific conceptual understanding after learning through AR. These findings indicate that AR was effective to be integrated into education to facilitate conceptual change.
Integrated application for automatic schedule-based distribution and monitoring of irrigation by applying the waterfall model process
Authors: Afif Aulia Naufal , Noviyanto Fiftin , Sunardi Sunardi , Akbar Son Ali , Aribowo Eko
Published: March 2020

40% of areas in Indonesia are still using rainwater as a source for irrigation. Type of wetland rainwater always depends on weather that is currently difficult to predict. In addition, the frequency of field cultivation became limited. Irrigation water can come from a dam or a spring in the mountains. Limited water source generates the need to manage water distribution in all areas of rice fields. For every 1 hectare fields, at least 0.5 litres of water per second is needed. The imbalance between the field and the available water discharge can cause conflicts in the Community farmers manage field. The purpose of this research is to assist in the Assembly Of Farmer Water users ("Perkumpulan Petani Pemakai Air" or "P3A") manage the scheduling and controlling irrigation sluice based IoT using mobile applications. The waterfall process model applied in developing mobile applications. Every feature that is created has been tested directly using Unit tests based on the application of the system used. The test is done by observing the system inputs and outputs of the system usability scale (SUS). Tests are also carried out using Post-Study with method of the SUS.
Comparison of human detection using background subtraction and frame difference
Authors: Zaharin Mohd Saifulnizam , Ibrahim Norazlin , Tuan Dir Tengku Mohd Azahar
Published: March 2020

Image processing is mostly used for exploring image behaviour. There are several steps in image processing. Image acquisition, pre-processing, feature extraction, and classification are the processes used for the detection of human movement based on high-level feature extraction (HLFE), in which HLFE was used for feature extraction in this paper. This study proposed the use of background subtraction and frame difference. This research was conducted to analyse the difference of background subtraction and frame difference methods based on movement of human. Movement of human detected by using feature extraction were centroid image technique used. Furthermore, support vector machine (SVM) was used for classification.
Analysis of texture features for wood defect classification
Authors: Abdullah Nur Dalila , Hashim Ummi Raba'ah , Ahmad Sabrina , Salahuddin Lizawati
Published: March 2020

Selecting important features in classifying wood defects remains a challenging issue to the automated visual inspection domain. This study aims to address the extraction and analysis of features based on statistical texture on images of wood defects. A series of procedures including feature extraction using the Grey Level Dependence Matrix (GLDM) and feature analysis were executed in order to investigate the appropriate displacement and quantisation parameters that could significantly classify wood defects. Samples were taken from the KembangSemangkuk (KSK), Meranti and Merbau wood species. Findings from visual analysis and classification accuracy measures suggest that the feature set with the displacement parameter, d=2, and quantisation level, q=128, shows the highest classification accuracy. However, to achieve less computational cost, the feature set with quantisation level, q=32, shows acceptable performance in terms of classification accuracy.
Deep stair walking detection using wearable inertial sensor via long short-term memory network
Authors: Nie Gan Wei , Ghazali Nurul Fathiah , Shahar Norazman , As'ari Muhammad Amir
Published: March 2020

This paper proposes a stair walking detection via Long-short Term Memory (LSTM) network to prevent stair fall event happen by alerting caregiver for assistance as soon as possible. The tri-axial accelerometer and gyroscope data of five activities of daily living (ADLs) including stair walking is collected from 20 subjects with wearable inertial sensors on the left heel, right heel, chest, left wrist and right wrist. Several parameters which are window size, sensor deployment, number of hidden cell unit and LSTM architecture were varied in finding an optimized LSTM model for stair walking detection. As the result, the best model in detecting stair walking event that achieve 95.6% testing accuracy is double layered LSTM with 250 hidden cell units that is fed with data from all sensor locations with window size of 2 seconds. The result also shows that with similar detection model but fed with single sensor data, the model can achieve very good performance which is above 83.2%. It should be possible, therefore, to integrate the proposed detection model for fall prevention especially among patients or elderly in helping to alert the caregiver when stair walking event occur.
Millennials and the use of social networking sites as a job searching tool
Authors: Denan Zarina , Munir Zarina Abdul , Fadzil Nurul Hazzira , Kamaruddin Kardina , Dzulkifli Mohd Redhuan
Published: March 2020

This research is conducted to examine the factors that influence the behavioural intention of millienials in using SNS when seeking for a job. The data was collected from respondents who are from the generation Y demographic and actively looking for jobs. The respondents must possess some experience in using SNS when job hunting. The data was then gathered and analyzed using partial least square (PLS) which encompasses the measurement and structural models of the study. The findings revealed that three of the constructs as applied in TAM are statistically significant to behavioural intention. The three factors that influenced the job seekers’ intention to use SNSs as a job search tool are; perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and privacy concerns. All these factors are elements which contribute to and have a significant relationship with job seekers’ intention to use SNSs, as verified using PLS data analysis. The recruiters or employers who intend to adopt SNSs in the recruitment process are advised to design the recruitment plan regarding the utilization of SNSs to be more convenient and user-friendly. This study provides insight and knowledge regarding the impact of technology in online job application and hiring processes.
A GUI-driven prototype for synthesizing self-adaptation decision
Authors: Ismail Azlan , Intu Susanti , Zambri Suzana
Published: March 2020

The ability to ensure an optimal decision is significant for self-adaptive systems especially when dealing with uncertainty. For this reason, a synthesis-driven approach can be used to capture and synthesize a decision that aims to satisfy the multi-objective properties. Assessing the quality of the synthesis-driven approach is challenging, since it involves a set of activities from modeling, simulating, and analyzing the outcomes. This paper presents the design and implementation of a graphical user interface (GUI)-based prototype for assessing synthesis outcome and performance of an adaptation decision. The prototype is designed and developed based on the component-based development approach that is able to integrate the existing and related libraries from PRISM-games model checker for the synthesis engine, JFreeChart libraries for the chart presentation, and Java Universal Network/Graph Framework libraries for the graph visualization. This paper also presents the implementation of the proposed prototype based on the cloud application deployment scenario to illustrate its applicability. This work contributes to provide a fundamental work towards automated synthesis for self-adaptive systems.
An alternative approaches to predict flashover voltage on polluted outdoor insulators using artificial intelligence techniques
Authors: Salem Ali. A. , Rahman Rahisham Abd , Kamarudin M. S. , Othman N. A. , Jamail N. A. M. , Hamid H. A. , Ishak M. T.
Published: March 2020

This paper presents an alternative approach for predicting critical voltage of pollution flashover by using Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique. Data from experimental works combined with the theoretical results from well-known theoretical modelling are used to derive algorithm for Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Adaptive Neuro-fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) for determining critical voltage of flashover. Series of laboratory testing and measurement are carried for 1:1, 1:5 and 1:10 ratios of top to bottom surface salt deposit density on cup and pin insulators. Insulators variables such as height H, diameter D, form factor F, creepage distance L, equivalent salt deposit density (ESDD) and flashover voltage correction are identified and used to train the AI network. Comparative studies have evidently shown that the proposed (AI) technique gives the satisfactory results compared to the analytical model and test data with the Coefficient of determination R-Square value of more than 97%.
Study of yeast and sugar in bio-energy generation
Authors: Cheng Teng Howe , Kok B. C. , Uttraphan C. , Yee M. H.
Published: March 2020

This paper demonstrates a simple and cost-effective bio-energy generation through biochemical reaction between yeast and sugar. Correlation of energy released between baker yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae concentration and sugar solution concentration can be observed significantly over laboratory works. A certain number of electrons is released during the process of ethanol fermentation, in which sugars are broken down into ethanol and carbon dioxide. Consequently, bio-energy can be captured via two copper rods during the fermentation period from different concentration variables using the principle of microbial fuel cell (MFC). In this case, yeast and sugar have been selected as the concentration variables. The experiment works concluded that higher concentration of sugar solution correlates to the increment of energy output. However, the concentration of sugar beyond 0.6g/ml causes instability of the energy output. At the same time, another considerable limiting factor of the energy output is the area of separation membrane. The overabundance of sugar concentration can lead to adverse effects in harvesting the bio-energy.
Throughput in cooperative wireless networks
Authors: Armando Giral Ramirez Diego , Hernandez Cesar , Martinez Fredy
Published: March 2020

Cognitive radio networks emerge as a solution to fixed allocation issues and spectrum scarcity through the dynamic access to spectrum. In cognitive networks, users must make intelligent decisions based on spectrum variation and actions taken by other users. Under this dynamic, cooperative systems can significantly improve quality of service parameters. This article presents the comparative study of the multi-criteria decision-making algorithms SAW and FFAHP through four levels of cooperation (10%, 20%, 50%, 80% y 100%) established between secondary users. The results show the performance evaluation obtained through of simulations and experimental measurements. The analysis is carried out based on throughput, depending on the class of service and the type of traffic.