bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Riitta Huuhtanen in memoriam
Authors: Saarti Jarmo
Published: January 2020

Kuopion yliopiston pitkäaikainen kirjastonjohtaja Riitta Liisa Huuhtanen menehtyi äkilliseen sairauskohtaukseen Kuopiossa 30. lokakuuta. Hän oli 79-vuotias, syntynyt Lapinlahdella 16. kesäkuuta 1940. Hän aloitti koulunkäyntinsä Lapinlahdella ja kirjoitti ylioppilaaksi Kuopion yhteislyseon lukiosta.

 

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Liquid-Phase Exfoliation of Biochars in Green Solvents and Correlation with Solvent Parameters
Authors: Vidal Juliana , Gallant Stephanie , Richards Douglas , MacQuarrie Stephanie , Kerton Francesca
Published: January 2020

Liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) is a process frequently used to yield small sheets of layered materials. These materials are prepared via direct or indirect sonication in an ideal solvent, and the sheets produced often present remarkable chemical and physical properties. Unfortunately, the preferred solvents for exfoliation processes are frequently toxic and possess several health risks. In this work, we show the use of LPE in green solvents to access nanostructures of biochar. Biochar is a material produced after thermochemical treatment of biomass residues and it is an important tool for the sequestration of greenhouse gases. Herein, hardwood and softwood biomass residues (e.g. sludge, bark, and sawdust) are used to prepare pristine and oxidized biochars which are then exfoliated in a range of solvents. Stable dispersions containing up to 75% by weight of exfoliated biochar could be obtained. A range of solvents were screened for LPE of biochars to identify ‘green' options that could afford highly concentrated dispersions. The properties of the biochar before and after exfoliation were evaluated using Raman spectroscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy. Correlations between effective LPE of biochar in a solvent and different solvent parameters were established. For example, LPE of oxidized biochars is more efficient in hydrogen-bond accepting solvents due to the increased concentration of carboxylic acid and alcohol functional groups within this material, when compared with pristine biochars.
From Crusades to Colonization: Violence in Secular and Religious Political Theory
Authors: Scott Xavier
Published: January 2020

This paper examines the transition in political philosophy between the medieval and early-modern periods by focusing on the emergence of sovereignty doctrine. Scholars such as Charles Taylor and John Rawls have focused on the ability of modern-states to overcome conflicts between different religious confessionals. In contrast, this paper seeks to examine some of the peace-promoting features of Latin-Christendom and some of the conflict-promoting features of modern-secular states. The Christian universalism of the medieval period is contrasted with the colonial ventures promoted by the Peace of Westphalia. This paper’s goal is not to argue that secularism is in fact more violent than religion. Rather, it seeks to demonstrate the major role that religion played in early modern philosophy and the development of sovereignty doctrine. It argues against the view that the modern, secular state is capable of neutrality vis-à-vis religion, and also combats the view that the secular nature of modern international law means that it is neutral to the different beliefs and values of the world’s peoples. These observations emphasize the ways in which state power and legitimacy are at the heart of the secular turn in political philosophy.
William T. Cavanaugh and Charles Taylor On Western Secularism: A Critical Comparative Analysis
Authors: St-Laurent Guillaume
Published: January 2020

The objective of this paper is to instigate a dialogue between theologian William T. Cavanaugh and philosopher Charles Taylor on the topic of Western secularism. Both criticize what Cavanaugh calls the “myth of religious violence,” that is, the idea that the modern liberal nation-state emerged as an indispensable bulwark against religious war and violence. Under this general agreement, however, there are profound rifts when it comes to their understanding of modernity and secularization. The paper is divided in four sections, retracing step by step the argument deployed in the four chapters of Cavanaugh’s influential book The Myth of Religious Violence: Secular Ideology and the Roots of Modern Conflict (2009). The respective themes of these chapters are (1) the distinction between religious and secular violence, (2) the underlying dichotomy between religion and the secular, (3) the European wars of religion, and (4) the ideological function of the myth of religious violence, which raises the deeper question of the modern secular state’s legitimacy. On all counts, the challenge is to sort through the authors’ agreements and rifts so as to allow the most significant points of contention to be properly focused.
Reproductive activities of two zooplanktivorous clupeid fish in relation to the seasonal abundance of copepod prey in the northern end of Lake Tanganyika
Authors: Mulimbwa N'sibula , Sarvala Jouko , Raeymaekers Joost A.M.
Published: January 2020

Reproductive activities of two commercially exploited clupeid fishes (Stolothrissa tanganicae and Limnothrissa miodon) in the northern end of Lake Tanganyika (Bujumbura sub-basin) were investigated during two different years (2004-2005 and 2007-2008). We hypothesized that the timing of largest reproductive investment in these pelagic species coincides with the onset of the rainy season and the highest abundance of copepod prey. For S. tanganicae, the gonadosomatic index (GSI) was significantly higher prior to the onset of the rainy season, and this was observed in both years. For L. miodon, however, this pattern was overall weaker and only statistically significant in 2004-2005. In both species, spawning activities did not seem to be adjusted to provide optimal feeding conditions for the larvae. Instead, investment in reproduction seemed to be related to the availability of copepods in the preceding months. We conclude that the timing of reproductive activities in these clupeids is species-specific, and might be subject to strong year-to-year variation.
Composição centesimal, compostos bioativos e atividade antioxidante em cálice de hibisco (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)
Authors: Abreu Bruna Barbosa , Sousa Cintya Regina Nunes , Passos Juliana Carvalho , Marinho Anne Rafaele Silva , Brandão Amanda Castro Amorim Serpa , Moreira-Araújo Regilda Saraiva dos Reis
Published: January 2020

Hibiscus sabdariffa L. é uma planta originária da Índia, do Sudão e da Malásia. Tendo em vista a busca de alimentos ricos em compostos fenólicos e consequentemente com alta atividade antioxidante, o hibisco apresenta-se como uma planta com alta perspectiva. Neste contexto, estudos sobre a caracterização completa de seus componentes podem ampliar o âmbito de aplicações do hibisco, portanto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo determinar a composição centesimal, compostos bioativos e atividade antioxidante em cálice de Hibiscus sabdariffa L. As análises foram realizadas em duplicata no Laboratório de Bromatologia e Bioquímica dos Alimentos e Sala de Antioxidantes da Universidade Federal do Piauí. Os cálices utilizados como amostras na referida pesquisa foram adquiridos no comercio varejista de Teresina-PI. Foram determinados teores de umidade, cinzas, lipídeos, proteínas, carboidratos, valor energético total, compostos fenólicos totais, flavonóides totais, carotenoides, antocianinas, ácido ascórbico, proantocianidinas e atividade antioxidante. Os teores de compostos fenólicos totais e atividade antioxidante em H. sabdariffa L. foram respectivamente iguais a 429,84 ± 5,16 (EAG/100g) e 626,32 ± 8,03 (μmol trolox/L). Concluiu-se que o cálice de hibisco possui altos teores de cinzas totais, carboidratos, fenólicos totais e atividade antioxidante, bem como baixos teores de lipídeos e proteínas.
Considerações sobre castração de suínos machos
Authors: Da Silva Thaíná Pizane , Trentim Mayara Da Silva , Da Silva André Felipe , Merlini Luiz Sérgio , Ribeiro Rita de Cássia Lima , Otutumi Luciana Kazue , Sala Pollyana Linhares , De Sá Thaís Camaso , Quessada Ana  Maria
Published: January 2020

Os suínos são a segunda proteína animal mais consumida do mundo, sendo que o Brasil é o quarto produtor mundial deste tipo de carne. Uma das técnicas utilizadas para melhorar a palatabilidade e a aceitação pelo consumidor da carne suína é a castração de machos. Além de melhorar o sabor e palatabilidade da carne, a castração em suínos machos também é realizada para facilitar o manejo. Diante do exposto, o objetivo desta revisão é discorrer sobre as principais técnicas utilizadas para castrar suínos machos. No Brasil, a castração de machos suínos é realizada principalmente por métodos cirúrgicos (orquiectomia), geralmente aos sete dias de vida do animal e é praticada sem anestesia. Dessa forma, a orquiectomia em suínos da maneira que é realizada fere os princípios de bem-estar animal. No entanto, para praticá-la com bem-estar e segurança o custo é alto para o pequeno produtor, que é maioria no Brasil. Uma das alternativas à castração cirúrgica de suínos machos e que atende às normas de bem-estar animal é a imunocastração. Apesar de apresentar muitas vantagens, a imunocastração também é um procedimento oneroso. Na suinocultura brasileira, produzir de forma economicamente eficiente passou a ser pré-requisito para a sobrevivência no setor. Nesse contexto a castração química é uma alternativa promissora. Tal técnica é um processo no qual substâncias químicas produzem lesão definitiva no aparelho reprodutor masculino. Este método é considerado irreversível e possibilita redução nos níveis de dor e maior velocidade de recuperação quando comparados aos procedimentos tradicionais. Em suínos, o gluconato de zinco associado ao DMSO apresentou bons resultados em castração química, mas outras substâncias utilizadas em outras espécies têm potencial para serem empregadas em suínos, mas ainda não foram estudadas nesta espécie. Novos estudos são necessários sobre o tema, o que pode ampliar as opções para os produtores suinícolas.
Otimização do ensaio de azul cresil brilhante visando à seleção qualitativa de oócitos bovinos derivados de ovários submetidos a diferentes temperaturas e tempos de transporte
Authors: Queiroz Neta Luiza Bento de , Santos Maria Valéria De Oliveira , Borges Alana Azevedo , Pereira Alexsandra Fernandes
Published: January 2020

O sucesso da produção in vitro de embriões (PIVE) depende da qualidade de oócitos imaturos, os quais são normalmente selecionados de acordo com a morfologia oocitária. Contudo, esse método é subjetivo e alternativas vem sendo propostas, como o ensaio de azul cresil brilhante (Brillant Cresyl Blue – BCB). Assim, o objetivo foi verificar as condições de incubação do BCB, quanto ao tempo de exposição ao corante (15 vs. 40 vs. 60 vs. 90 min), concentração (15 vs. 20 vs. 26 μM) e diluidor (NaCl vs. PBS vs. DPBS). Adicionalmente, esse ensaio foi empregado para avaliar a qualidade de oócitos colhidos de ovários transportados em diferentes temperaturas (25°C vs. 35°C) e tempos (2 h vs. 10 h). Em todos os experimentos, oócitos recuperados por aspiração folicular foram classificados por critérios morfológicos e, em seguida, incubados com o BCB de acordo com as condições a serem avaliadas. Todos os dados foram analisados pelo teste exato de Fisher (P<0,05), considerando quatro repetições por experimento. Assim, o tempo de exposição, a concentração e o diluidor do BCB que apresentaram as maiores taxas de oócitos viáveis foram 60 min (64,9%) e 90 min (73,4%), 26 μM (59,6%) e PBS (49,2%). Em ambos os ensaios de qualidade oocitária, nenhuma diferença foi observada nas taxas de oócitos viáveis oriundos de ovários transportados em diferentes temperaturas. Embora nenhuma diferença tenha sido observada na qualidade oocitária entre os tempos de transportes de ovários de acordo com os critérios morfológicos, o ensaio de BCB indicou uma redução dessa qualidade de oócitos de ovários transportados por 10 h (51,2%), quando comparado a 2 h (69,6%, P<0,05). Assim, para o ensaio de BCB, foi estabelecido o tempo de incubação de 60 min, na concentração de 26 μM e com o diluidor PBS para a seleção de oócitos bovinos imaturos. Além disso, foram observados melhores resultados com ovários transportados a 35°C até 2 h de transporte.
Fecaloma gigante em um cão – Relato de caso
Authors: De Sá Thaís Camaso , Del Vechio Marco Aurélio Cunha , Borges Jessé Lahos , Trentim Mayara Da Silva , Sala Pollyana Linhares , Quessada Ana Maria , Gonçalves Daniela Dib
Published: January 2020

A compactação de fezes endurecidas no interior do trato intestinal é denominada de fecaloma, a qual está atrelada a fatores que interfiram na excreção normal do bolo fecal. O diagnóstico deve ser realizado de forma rápida, unindo o histórico do paciente, exame clínico, laboratoriais e  de imagem, a fim de se atenuar os efeitos deletérios da dilatação exagerada do lúmen intestinal e alteração em seu fluxo, por meio da escolha da terapêutica mais adequada em cada caso, que pode ser conservativa ou cirúrgica. O presente manuscrito tem como objetivo relatar um caso de fecaloma gigante em um paciente canino.
A CONCEPTUAL PAPER ON CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AMONG MALAYSIAN ENTREPRENEURS
Authors: Tengku Jasmi Tengku Anis Syafiqah
Published: January 2020

Conflicting views on corporate social responsibility had led to various studies on CSR. However, previous studies focus mainly on large firms than small and medium entrepreneurs. It is important to study corporate social responsibility in the context of small and medium enterprises. This is because any initiatives taken by small and medium enterprises can affect the society and economy due to its large contribution. Therefore, this paper provides a view on corporate social responsibility among Malaysian entrepreneurs, mainly small and medium enterprises.
Effects of Patriotic Movies on Public Behavior in Pakistan: A Survey Study of Lahore City
Authors: Jam Sajjad Hussain  , Sadaf Ejaz  , Ghulam Shabir
Published: January 2020

Film offers different trends, ideas and traditions. Overall, a film has great impact on public minds and can change their behavior towards a specific issue. Film has the power to create and shape ideas, customs, and styles of viewers on a range of various subjects Accordingly, the contents presented in films including good audio-visual elements can instill better influence on different communities across the globe. Thus, film can form and reform opinion of its publics. The basic objective of the study underhand is to observe the dominant belief among educated audience towards patriotism as learnt from patriotic films. The quantitative methodology was employed for this study and survey was used as a research technique. The Provincial Capital City of Lahore was selected as population of study with four leading universities of the City as Sample. Around 400 respondents both male and female students were selected based on convenient sampling and descriptive statistical analysis was made through SPSS for inferences. It was hypothesized that the views of the audience determine their feelings after watching patriotic films i.e., they are filled with pride, happiness, emotions, motivation and sensitive. The study further aimed to explain the phenomenal change in the behavior of the audiences of patriotic movies. The study explored that the audiences liked various elements presented in movies including music, songs, actions, direction, characterization, dialogue delivery of patriotic orientation etc. The findings of the study further explored that patriotic Urdu movies in Pakistan have a constructive and everlasting influence on viewers e.g., the audience feel entertained and motivated after watching such genre of movies. Most of the respondents believed the patriotic movies which have strong script, dialogues and direction attract the audience the most. The researchers believe that the study underhand may work as a contributing agent and open new horizons for future researchers in this phenomenon.
Лексические особенности антиязыка в англоязычном альтернативном речевом поведении (на материале интернет-мемов)
Authors: Shiryaeva Tatyana A. , Avakova Marina L.
Published: January 2020

Настоящая статья посвящена исследованию языковых единиц англоязычного альтернативного речевого поведения в сопроводительных надписях интернет-мемов. Необходимость изучения языка интернет-сообществ, который рассматривается нами как особая социальная форма антиязыка, определяемого через понятие альтернативное «антиобщество», обусловлена возникновением сетевой субкультуры, выражающей и создающей субъективную реальность. Цель работы – изучение и описание основных параметров функционирования антиязыка, выявление и классификация по лексическому признаку характерных маркеров особой формы антиязыка – интернет-сленга в интернет-мемах.
В статье представлен анализ и систематизация специфических маркеров интернет-сленга в соответствии с их тематическими и функциональными характеристиками в сопроводительных надписях интернет-мемов, представляющих собой вирусные интернет-знаки, распространяемые от одного интернет-пользователя к другому, разновидность прецедентных феноменов, сохраняющих в себе информацию о событии, культурном феномене, которые послужили источниками для их появления. В результате проведенного исследования было установлено, что наиболее частотными маркерами альтернативной языковой практики являются аббревиатуры и акронимы в сопроводительных надписях интернет-мемов социальной тематики. Для интернет-мемов политической тематики характерно использование разговорной лексики. Частотное употребление аббревиатур и сленгизмов в сопроводительных надписях интернет-мемов, преимущественно декодируемых и раскрываемых определенными лингвокультурологическими знаниями, обусловлено принципами неформальности, языковой экономии, спонтанности и лингвокреативности, являющимися ключевыми признаками интернет-коммуникации. Изучение интернет-языка альтернативных социальных групп позволяет расширить знания сетевого сленга как типичного примера лингвистической революции, развивающей структуру и функции языка интернет-коммуникации
Категория события в новейшей испанской литературе (на примере малой прозы андреса неумана и элены косано)
Authors: Khoreva Larisa G.
Published: January 2020

Статья посвящена исследованию категории события в новейшей испанской прозе. Актуальность настоящего исследования обусловлена отсутствием в современном отечественном литературоведении исследований по категории события в новейшей испанской литературе. В статье дается обзор понятий «событие» и «событийность», приводятся основные характеристики данных концептов. Предметом изучения становятся концепты «событие» и «событийность» в новеллистике современной испанской писательницы Элены Косано, лауреата многочисленных национальных литературных премий, и аргентинского автора Андреса Неумана, который, по мнению испаноязычной критики, сегодня является лицом латиноамериканской литературы. В сборниках малой прозы, принадлежащих перу данных авторов, ярко проявляет себя дискурс безумия. Автор статьи показывает, что именно этот дискурс создает особое коммуникативное событие, которое не является событийным в полном смысле этого слова, поскольку испанская культура, столетиями существовавшая под сильным влиянием католицизма, не видела в безумии нарушений каких-либо норм. В этом отношении испанская литература и культура отличалась от французской, где безумец считался человеком, больным постыдной болезнью. На основе анализа новелл Андреса Неумана и Элены Косано автор приходит к выводу, что коммуникативным событием в их прозе является многократное повторение одного и того же мотива безумия, что дает возможность говорить об эстетике повтора как литературного приема и, шире, ритуальности повествования как нарративного события в новейшей испаноязычной литературе
Jefatura de hogar femenina y mercado laboral ecuatoriano
Authors: García Tinisaray Daysi , Castro Quezada Luz , Verdú Delgado Ana
Published: January 2020

Este artículo explora la participación de las mujeres jefas de hogar en el mercado laboral ecuatoriano, considerando la satisfacción laboral, sector de trabajo y percepción de salarios. El análisis cuantitativo parte de dos técnicas basadas en estimaciones probit y en un modelo semilogarítmico basado en la ecuación de Mincer. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren una correlación negativa de la satisfacción laboral y las probabilidades de ingreso al mercado laboral formal con respecto al número de hijos y ausencia de pareja, y con respecto a la percepción de salarios, estas variables no son estadísticamente significativas.
DAMPAK MOLASE TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KUALITAS BENIH BANDENG (Chanos chanos Forskal ) PRODUK HATCHERY SKALA RUMAH TANGGA DI BALI UTARA
Authors: Aslianti Titiek , Nasukha Afifah
Published: January 2020

Tidak stabilnya kualitas benih ikan bandeng produk Hatchery Skala Rumah Tangga (HSRT) di Bali Utara berdampak langsung terhadap produksi budidaya yang terus menurun. Mengantisipasi hal tersebut telah dilakukan perbaikan manajemen dalam proses produksi benih. Penelitian ini dilakukan di lima unit HSRT masing-masing menggunakan 3 unit bak beton berkapasitas 6 m3 yang berada di luar ruangan (outdoor). Setiap bak diisi telur bandeng dengan kepadatan 100.000 butir/bak. Penelitian diulang sebanyak 3 siklus, dengan metode pemeliharaan larva berdasar pada SOP dan CPIB Desinfeksi telur menggunakan iodin 50 ppm selama 20 menit. Tetes tebu (molase) sebanyak 2 ppm, ditambahkan ke-dalam media pemeliharaan larva sebagai stimulan dan diberikan mulai hari ke-dua (D-2) sampai menjelang panen (D16-D18). Pemberian pakan alami dan pakan buatan disesuaikan dengan perkembangan umur larva. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelangsungan hidup benih di HSRT berkisar 82,57-92,04% dengan kisaran panjang total benih setiap siklus 11,96-13,56 mm. Hasil panen setiap bak mencapai 68.444-79.444 ekor, jauh lebih baik daripada produksi sebelumnya yang berkisar 35.750-42.900 ekor/bak, dengan kelangsungan hidup 61,54-63,57%, dan ukuran panjang total bervariasi 10-11,8 mm serta kondisi tulang belakang masih berbentuk tulang rawan. Berdasarkan pertumbuhan, kelangsungan hidup, performa morfologi benih dan kondisi tulang belakang, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan molase berdampak positif terhadap lingkungan pemeliharaan larva bandeng di HSRT dan mampu menghasilkan benih berkualitas baik sehingga dapat mendukung peningkatan produksi budidaya.
PERGERAKAN ARUS PERMUKAAN LAUT SELAT BALI BERDASARKAN PARAMETER ANGIN DAN CUACA
Authors: Fajar Setiawan  , Viv Djanat Prasita  , Supriyatno Widagdo
Published: January 2020

Selat Bali sebagai penghubung Pulau Jawa-Bali semakin berkembang seiring peningkatan ekonomi dan wisata kedua pulau tersebut. Penelitian terhadap dinamika kondisi atmosfir kaitannya terhadap pergerakan arus laut di Selat Bali bagian Utara dengan memanfaatkan data arus permukaan laut yang dipisahkan menjadi komponen harmonik dan non-harmonik, citra satelit awan, curah hujan serta kondisi angin permukaan dan lapisan atas diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat kepada pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan terkait perubahan kondisi arus permukaan mengacu pada perubahan kondisi fisis atmosfir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa arus permukaan Selat Bali didominasi oleh arus harmonik pada arah meridional (Utara- Selatan) dengan nilai perbandingan rata-rata kecepatan terhadap arus non-harmonik (residu) sebesar 2.655. Angin lokal yang berhembus tidak berdampak langsung terhadap pergerakan arus akibat luas Selat Bali yang sempit sehingga stress angin yang ditimbulkan tidak cukup kuat untuk membangkitkan arus residu permukaan. Tendensi arah angin monsun dari Barat- Barat Laut pada puncak musim hujan juga memiliki hubungan yang sangat lemah terhadap arus residu permukaan yang ditimbulkan. Angin maksimum serta faktor cuaca lain berupa hujan dengan intensitas ringan hingga lebat disertai petir juga tidak berdampak langsung terhadap pergerakan arus residu di Selat Bali bagian Utara.
Vade mecum - käsikirjoja matkakirjallisuuden tutkijoille
Authors: Lindh Ilona
Published: January 2020

Charles Forsdick, Zoë Kinsley ja Kathryn Walchester (toim.): Keywords for Travel Writing Studies. A Critical Glossary. London: Anthem Press 2019, 347 s.

Alasdair Pettinger ja Tim Youngs (toim.): The Routledge Research Companion to Travel Writing. London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group 2019, 422 s.

Matkakirjallisuuden tutkimus elää vahvaa vaihetta. Siitä kertovat osaltaan tuoreet käsikirjat, jotka kokoavat yhteen koko joukon merkittäviä alan tutkijoita ja esittelevät laajasti tutkimuskentän moninaisia kysymyksiä. Anthem Press on julkaissut sadan avainsanan kriittisen sanaston Keywords for Travel Writing Studies (jatkossa Keywords) ja Routledge 25 artikkelin antologian The Routledge Research Companion to Travel Writing (jatkossa Research Companion). Aiheissa ja painotuksissa on yhtäläisyyksiä, mutta esitystavoiltaan ja tehtäviltään kirjat eroavat toisistaan. Molemmat kirjat nostavat esiin 1980–90-lukujen kriittisten tutkimussuuntausten, kuten postkolonialismin ja feminismin, merkityksen matkakirjallisuuden tutkimukselle, mutta keskittyvät myös esittelemään uusia lähestymistapoja ja luomaan näkymiä tulevaan.
Matkakirjallisuus ja Identiteetti
Authors: Eilittä Leena
Published: January 2020

Konferenssiraportti

Travel Writing, Cultural Exchange and Identity Construction -sektio European Society of Comparative Literature -yhdistyksen konferenssissa Ranskan Lillessä 29.9.2019
Kirjoituskutsu Kirjallisuudentutkimuksen aikakauslehti Avaimen vuoden 2020 numeroihin 2 ja 3
Authors: Kuortti Joel , Toivanen Anna-Leena
Published: January 2020

Kutsumme kirjoittajia Avaimen vuoden 2020 toiseen ja kolmanteen numeroon. Numeroilla ei ole erityisiä teemoja. Toivotamme tervetulleiksi kirjallisuudentutkimukseen liittyviä – myös moni- tai poikkitieteellisiä – artikkeleita sekä muita kirjallisuutta ja kirjallista elämää käsitteleviä esseitä, katsauksia, puheenvuoroja, haastatteluja ja kirja-arvosteluja. Arvosteluja toivomme niin kotimaisesta kuin ulkomaisesta tutkimuskirjallisuudesta tai muusta kirjallisuustieteellisestä julkaisusta. Otamme myös jatkuvasti vastaan julkaisuehdotuksia artikkeleista, arvosteluista ja muista teksteistä.

Refereeartikkeleiksi tarkoitetut käsikirjoitukset ovat pituudeltaan 20 000–40 000 merkkiä välilyönteineen. Kirja-arvostelujen ohjepituus on 5000–7000 merkkiä välilyönteineen. Katsauksien, esseiden ja muiden vapaamuotoisempien kirjoitusten laajuudesta sovitaan päätoimittajien kanssa. Avaimen ohjeet kirjoittajille löytyvät lehden journal.fi-sivuilta: https://journal.fi/avain/about/submissions.

Numeron 2/2020 artikkeliehdotusten deadline on 1.4.2020. Muiden kirjoitusten deadline on 22.4.2020.

Numeron 3/2020 artikkeliehdotusten deadline on 8.6.2020. Muiden kirjoitusten deadline on 17.8.2020.

Ehdotukset refereeartikkeleiksi lähetetään sähköisesti valmiin käsikirjoituksen muodossa, ei abstraktimuotoisena. Ehdotukset esseiden, katsausten, arvostelujen ja haastattelujen aiheista voivat olla vapaamuotoisempia.

Avain käyttää digitaalista OJS-julkaisujärjestelmää journal.fi. Järjestelmää käytetään myös lehden toimitustyössä. Pyydämme lehden lukijoita ja kirjoittajia kirjautumaan järjestelmään journal.fi-sivuston kautta ja tarjoamaan artikkeleita, arvosteluja ja muita puheenvuoroja sen kautta. Mikäli kirjautumisessa on ongelmia, pyydämme teitä ottamaan yhteyttä toimitussihteeriin (jari.kakela_at_gmail.com). Kirjoituksia koskevissa muissa kysymyksissä ottakaa yhteyttä päätoimittajiin.
Conhecimento sobre cárie dentária entre docentes do ensino médio
Authors: Cordeiro Gabriele Amorim , Silva Junior Manoelito Ferreira , Daroz Luiz Gustavo Dias , Dos Santos Daroz Claudia Batitucci
Published: January 2020

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o conhecimento sobre cárie dentária entre docentes do ensino médio. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório transversal com abordagem quantitativa entre docentes do ensino médio de escolas públicas e privadas do município de Vitória/ES. O estudo utilizou um questionário autoaplicado validado, adaptado para população-alvo, com perguntas que versavam sobre o conhecimento da cárie. Os dados descritivos foram apresentados em frequências absolutas e relativas e houve o teste de associação utilizando o teste Exato de Fisher (p<0,05). Um total de 38 professores participaram do estudo, sendo 25 (65,8%) de escolas públicas. A maioria dos professores não recebeu informações sobre cárie (60,5%) durante sua formação acadêmica e seus conhecimentos foram adquiridos nas visitas ao cirurgião-dentista particular (50,0%). A maior parte soube definir cárie como doença (71,1%), no entanto, com incertezas (39,5%) se a lesão era a principal consequência do seu desenvolvimento e obrigatoriedade de restauração (55,3%) para o seu tratamento. O tema cárie é abordado em sala de aula por 60,5% dos docentes, principalmente no segundo ano (60,9%) e nas escolas particulares (p=0,0285). Dos professores, a maior parte gostaria que o tema cárie fizesse parte da estrutura curricular do ensino médio (92,1%) por acreditaram na relevância do assunto (97,4%). A maioria dos docentes soube definir a cárie como uma doença, no entanto, houve relativo desconhecimento de suas consequências e formas de tratamento
Fenomena Manajemen Laba Pada Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia dan Tindakan Mitigasinya
Authors: Illahi Ilham
Published: January 2020

Islamic banking in Indonesia runs its activities using the concept of sharia based on the Qur'an and Al-Hadis. The sacred foundation should have an impact on the quality of financial statements that are higher than conventional banking. However, the facts that occur indicate a contradiction in the findings of researchers related to earnings management practices that occur in Islamic banking. This study describes these contradictions for answering the phenomenon of earnings management in Islamic banking. This research uses literature study to discuss the formulation of the problem. The results of the discussion found the existence of earnings management practices in Islamic banking . The mitigation that can be done by Islamic banking is the maximum application of corporate governance  and using the services of qualified and reputable auditors to examine the bank's financial statements.

 

Perbankan syariah di Indonesia menjalankan kegiatannya menggunakan konsep syariah yang berlandaskan kepada Al- quran dan Al-hadist. Landasan yang suci tersebut seharusnya berdampak kepada kualitas laporan keuangan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan perbankan konvensional. Namun, fakta yang terjadi menunjukkan adanya kontradiksi temuan peneliti terkait dengan praktik manajemen laba yang terjadi pada perbankan syariah. Penelitian ini menguraikan kontradiksi tersebut sekaligus menjawab mengenai fenomena manajemen laba pada perbankan syariah. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi literature untuk membahas rumusan masalah. Hasil dari pembahasan ditemukan adanya praktik manajemen laba pada perbankan syariah.  Adapun mitigasi yang bisa dilakukan oleh perbankan syariah ialah penerapan corporate governance secara maksimal serta menggunakan jasa auditor yang berkualitas dan bereputasi untuk memeriksa laporan keuangan bank.
Pola Matematika pada Surat Al Ikhlas
Authors: Medika Gema Hista
Published: January 2020

Various studies have been conducted to reveal the order / beauty of the composition and style of language and the contents of Alquran, both in terms of language and numbers contained in Alquran. This study aims to find the mathematical design contained in the letter Al Ikhlas. Surah Al Ikhlas was chosen because of a hadith narrated by Imam Bukhari from Abu Sa'id. Someone heard someone else reading Al Ikhlas and he repeated it. When morning came, he told Prophet Muhammad S.A.W. As if the man was not satisfied with one reading. So the Prophet said, "For the sake of my soul which is in His grasp. The letter is equal to one third of Alquran ". This type of research is a descriptive study that reveals mathematical design in the letter Al Ikhlas. The data used are the constituent figures in Surah Al Ikhlas. The results of the study revealed 12 patterns contained in the letter Al Ikhlas, one of which many different syafatani letters are Fibonacci sequence.
Perilaku Hidup Konsumtif Remaja Muslim di Pilar Coffee Bukittinggi
Authors: Bulanov Akdila
Published: January 2020

Currently among Muslim youth there has been a shift in shopping behavior to coffeshop. Muslim youths are looking for excessive entertainment because they tend to follow models of today's development. The presence of the coffeshop has an impact on the consumptive behavior of Muslim teenagers. Based on the participation observation that there is a relationship between the existence of coffeshop to consumptive behavior of Muslim teenagers. Based on the results of the analysis of Islamic economic view that the behavior of consumptive Muslim teenagers is not in accordance with the behavior in consumption in Islamic economics which refers to the three basic principles of consumption that has been outlined by Islam is kosher consumption, consumption of sacred goods and not excessive. Consumption of Muslim teenagers is included in the category of consumptive behavior.
KOMPETENSI KOMUNIKASI ANTARBUDAYA MAHASISWA MELAYU SELATAN THAILAND DALAM BERBAHASA INDONESIA DI UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN
Authors: Putra Fauzi Eka
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the competency of intercultural communication in Southern Malay Thailand students in Indonesian languages in UINSU Medan. This study using the Theory of Intercultural Communication Competence of Samovar (2010). This research method uses qualitative research which is approaching the hermeneutic phenomenological study. The research subject is Southern Malay Thailand students in UINSU Medan. The Informants were 4 Students which is obtained through Snowball Sampling. Data collection method is observation, interview, and documentation. Analysis of this study is using thematic. The Data Triangulation have done to 3 (Three) indigenous students and 1 (one) Lecturer. The result of this study is showing that Southern Malay Thailand Students have been competency of intercultural communication, which is we can see it from seven (7) components ; experience, motivation, knowledge, mastering the language, attitudes, adopting the intercultural communication and behaviour.The obstacles of this students is only about Language (Bahasa), they’re less mastering the languages so that sometimes they’re missunderstanding the meaning. Another barriers is the speed in talking, the communication in Medan usually  have loud voice and high intonation.
MEMPERKUAT DAKWAH TRANSFORMATIF SEBAGAI SALAH SATU LANGKAH UNTUK MEMBANGUN IDENTITAS BANGSA YANG BERKEADABAN
Authors: Nelmaya Nelmaya
Published: January 2020

Indonesia is one of the largest Muslim populations in the world, with a total of 182,083,594 Muslims out of a total population of 224 million. As the largest population, Muslims have an essential role in building a civilized Indonesian identity. The problem now is, the civilized nation's identity has not been realized as expected, this can be seen from a variety of indicators, including indicators of Indonesian poverty still believing at least 37.17 million people are poor, crime is again ballooning, harmonization has not materialized because everywhere happens conflicts, including religious conflicts, Indonesia's achievements, and well-being are still far compared to other countries and so on. However, from the various indicators put forward, one thing which is superficial to form as a builder of civilization in Indonesia is social capital. The social capital of this nation is still ripped apart because it is not built with clear mass communication and has a paradigm that can dialogue textuality and contextuality. In this connection, Islam has a tradition of da'wah and is still developing today. This da'wah tradition is a potential asset that can build social capital to improve the nation's identity, which is still within the framework of this massive and anomie civilization. For da'wah to be used as a basis in this direction, da'wah must also develop normative methods and strategies that are appropriate to the present context. This paper offers transformative da'wah as a builder of social capital to realize a civilized nation's identity.
Cryoablation for recurrent renal tumors after primary nephron-sparing surgery using an innovative liquid nitrogen-based cryogenic device
Authors: Sagi Shprits , Robert Sachner , Simona Croitoru , Karina Dorfman , Ofir Avitan , Zaher Bahouth , Amnon Zisman , Ofer Nativ
Published: January 2020

The growing use and improvement of imaging modalities has resulted in increased detection of renal tumors. The gold standard treatment of small renal masses is nephron-sparing surgery. Such surgical intervention is associated with significant rate of local failure. The currently accepted treatment for local failure after nephron-sparing surgery is radical nephrectomy which is associated with very high complication rate as well as loss of functional renal parenchyma. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the safety, technical feasibility, oncologic success and functional preservation of percutaneous cryoablation using a new liquid nitrogen-based cryogenic device in patients with tumor recurrence after nephron-sparing surgery. We present seven patients with tumor recurrence after nephron-sparing surgery who underwent percutaneous cryoablation using ProSense™ (IceCure Medical Ltd, Caesarea, Israel) under computerized tomography guidance. None of the treated tumor lesions demonstrated contrast enhancement or growth on follow up imaging indicating a 100% oncologic success. Only three adverse events were recorded, all were classified as low grade and resolved spontaneously. In conclusion, percutaneous cryoablation using the novel ProSense™ device for recurrent renal tumors following nephron-sparing surgery is feasible and effective, with excellent renal function preservation and without major complications.
Retinoids offer new and promising cancer therapeutic avenues
Authors: Xin Cao , Quanlin An , Yehuda G. Assaraf , Xiangdong Wang
Published: January 2020

All trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) as well as several key retinoids including tamibarotene, acyclic retinoid (ACR), and WYC-209, have made a major progress in both pre-clinical cancer therapeutics as well as in the clinical setting regarding the treatment of leukemia and solid tumors via their important impacts on cancer stem cell differentiation or apoptosis. ATRA exerts its antitumor activity by binding to retinoic acid receptors, which in turn specifically bind to DNA as a heterodimer with the retinoid X receptors, at promoter regions known as retinoic acid response elements. The impressive new studies and clinical achievements with retinoids as key pre-clinical research tools and antitumor agents, are summarized and discussed in the current paper. The ongoing clinical trial of tamibarotene, which is the first agent targeting super-enhancers-containing cancers, could provide a new treatment modality for acute myeloid leukemia patients. A recent clinical study for evaluation of the preventive effects of ACR on second primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) demonstrated that the oral administration of ACR for 12 months, significantly reduced HCC recurrence. WYC-209 strongly inhibited cell proliferation of different tumor repopulating cells (TRCs), a highly tumorigenic subpopulation of mouse melanoma cells, and also blocked > 80% of B16 TRCs' lung metastases in wild-type C57BL/6 mice, without any apparent toxicity. These remarkable findings reveal that retinoids constitute a promising class of antitumor agents for the treatment of both hematological malignancies and solid tumors.
Advanced Glycation End-products (AGEs): An emerging concern for processed food industries
Authors: Sharma Chetan
Published: January 2020

The global food industry is expected to increase more than US $ 7 trillion by 2014. This rise in processed food sector shows that more and more people are diverging towards modern processed foods. As modern diets are largely heat processed, they are more prone to contain high levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs are a group of complex and heterogeneous compounds which are known as brown and fluorescent cross-linking substances such as pentosidine, non-fluorescent cross-linking products such as methylglyoxal-lysine dimers (MOLD), or non-fluorescent, non-cross linking adducts such as carboxymethyllysine (CML) and pyrraline (a pyrrole aldehyde). Animal derived foods that are high in fat and protein are generally AGE-rich and prone to new AGE formation during cooking. Most studies on the biological effects of AGEs have been carried out by administering heated processed foods. AGEs contribute to a variety of microvascular and macrovascular complications through the formation of cross-links between molecules in the basement membrane of the extracellular matrix and by engaging the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE).The chemistry of AGE formation and their patho-biochemistry particularly in relation to the diabetic complications as well as their relation role in the aging discussed. The emerging evidence about the adverse effects of AGEs makes it necessary to investigate the different therapies to inhibit AGEs.
Aaron’s final program. A formal approach to the analysis of software archives for the social and historical sciences.
Authors: Akmut Camille
Published: January 2020

A working version of keepgrabbing.py was reconstructed from archives.
Abnormal Vehicle Load Identification Method Based on Genetic Algorithm and Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Niknamian Sorush
Published: January 2020

Abstract: The current abnormal wireless sensor network vehicle load data recognition method is more complex, which leads to low recognition rate, false alarm rate and slow recognition speed. Based on the genetic algorithm, the accurate method for abnormal wireless sensor network vehicle load data recognition is proposed. The effective feature set of abnormal vehicle load data in the wireless sensor network is constructed, to remove irrelevant features and redundant features from existing abnormal wireless sensor network vehicle load data. The abnormal wireless sensor network vehicle load data in the effective feature set are coded, to reduce the recognition time of abnormal wireless sensor network vehicle load data. The adaptive fitness function, crossover operator and mutation operator are applied to genetic algorithm, which can improve the recognition rate, reduce the false alarm rate, and realize the recognition of abnormal vehicle load data wireless sensor network. The experimental results show that the recognition rate of this method is high, the false alarm rate is low, and the time of recognition is less.
Design of Digital Aerial Photography System for UAV based on Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Niknamian Sorush
Published: January 2020

Abstract: The traditional UAV aerial photography system has the disadvantages of unclear imaging, low system efficiency and poor flight control effect. Thus, a digital aerial photography system based on wireless sensor network is proposed. Firstly, the principle of aerial photography system is analyzed, and the wireless sensor network is set up. A large number of wireless sensor nodes are deployed in the interval, and functions such as wireless communication and calculation are completed by nodes; the SN-RN data acquisition layer, the RN-UAV relay transmission layer and the UAV-DC mobile aggregation layer are designed to form a wireless sensor network architecture, and the UAV digital aerial photography technology is combined to form the wireless sensor network. Experiments show that the medium error, maximum error and medium error limit of the digital aerial photography of the UAV are low, the total working time of the system is short, and the accuracy of the flight execution of the UAV is maintained between 93%-95%, and always stable. Therefore, the overall imaging effect of this method is better, the system work efficiency is higher, the system control effect is better, and it is more practical and advantageous.
Non-coding RNA are differentially expressed in diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas based on overall survival.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2020

Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma is a pediatric brain cancer; 99% of patients diagnosed with this disease will expire within 5 years (1) and there are no standard chemotherapies available for it (2). Understanding the transcriptional behavior of this cancer is critical for the development of novel therapies. We performed global differential gene expression profiling of tumors from patients with DIPG by comparing the transcriptomes of tumors from those who survived greater or less than six months using a published dataset (3). We found that multiple microRNAs and snoRNAs were among the genes whose expression was most different between those who survived greater or less than six months. This is the first report of outcome-associated differential expression of non-coding RNA in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma.
The Liberator
Authors: Kavak Mesut
Published: January 2020

....Laws & Loves....
UPAYA GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN DI MMP DARUL ULUM GRATI PASURUAN
Authors: Pasuruan repositori PAI STIT PGRI
Published: January 2020

Guru pendidikan agama Islam adalah seorang pendidik yang mengajarkan ajaran Islam dan membimbing anak didik untuk mencapai kedewasaan serta membentuk kepribadian muslim yang berakhlak. Guru juga mempunyai peran penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran.Kualitas pembelajaran adalah persoalan bagaimana kegiatan pembelajaran yang dilakukan pendidik dan peserta didik berjalan dengan baik serta menghasilkan luaran yang baik pula.Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakaan teknik observasi, dokumentasi, sebagai instrumen pengumpulan data primer dan teknik wawancara wawancara sebagai instrumen pengumpulan data sekunder. Sedangkan analisis data menggunakan teknik prosentase untuk data yang bersifat deskriptif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas pembelajaran di MMP Darul Ulum Grati Pasuruan termasuk kategori baik. Hal ini terbukti dengan perolehan Daya serap siswa yang mencapai di atas KKM. Meningkatnya kualitas pembelajaran di MMP Darul Ulum Grati Pasuruan ini karena adanya upaya-upaya yang dilakukan pihak sekolah diantaranya upaya guru PAI dengan membuat perangkat pembelajaran, pengayaan materi, pemanfaatan metode, mengadakan evaluasi serta mengadakan pembiasaan dan ekstrakurikuler keagamaan. Selain itu banyaknya siswa yang sudah masuk pendidikan Madin dan TPQ juga menjadi faktor pendukung untuk mencapai kualitas pembelajaran. Selain faktor pendukung ada juga faktor penghambat guru PAI dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran diantarannya kurangnya jam tatap muka guru PAI dalam pembelajaran, tetapi hal ini bisa diatasi dengan adanya jam tambahan dan ekstrakurikuler keagamaan.
Organizational Justice in Young Churches: Maximizing Fair Treatment of Others and Responding to Violations
Authors: Dunaetz David Robert
Published: January 2020

Organizational justice is the perception that one is being treated fairly in an organization, especially by those who hold power, such as the leaders within a church, both lay and staff. These perceptions of fairness (or lack of fairness) will influence church members’ commitment to, satisfaction with, and involvement in their church, as well as their psychological and spiritual well-being. Young churches are especially susceptible to the consequences of violations of organizational justice because young churches experience frequent changes in programs and delegation of responsibilities. Leaders of young churches should seek to maximize organizational justice, grounded in biblical principles, in order to have a healthy, functional body of believers who work together to serve God. These leaders need to respond to justice violations with humility, managing any conflicts that occur in effective and constructive ways. They must also work to prevent organizational justice violations in young churches from becoming engrained in the churches’ culture.