bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
НАЙБІЛЬШ ЙМОВІРНИЙ ВЕКТО Р РОЗВИТКУ УКРАЇНИ В КОНТЕКСТІ ІНТЕГРАЦІЙНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ
Authors: Шкурат Іван
Published: July 2021

Висвітлено питання щодо поняття “глобалізація”, її переваг та недоліків для українського суспільства. Реалізовано мету дослідження, що полягає в аналізі впливу глобалізації на розвиток та становлення інтеграцій- ної політики в Україні.

У дослідженні використовувалися загальнонаукові та спеціальні методи: наукове узагальнення та систематизація — для визначення характеристик глобалізації; порівняльний аналіз — для зіставлення розвитку країн, які входять до Європейського Союзу з іншими країнами, уряд яких прямує до інтеграції з Європою; системний аналіз — для виявлення позитивних і нега- тивних сторін впливу глобалізації на соціально-економічний та політичний розвиток деяких країн світу; логічний синтез — для пояснення результатів дослідження.

Визначено, що позитивний вплив глобалізації полягає в значному і не- ухильному збільшенні світового промислового виробництва і торгівлі, зни- женні темпів інфляції, широкому впровадженні нових принципів і методів господарської діяльності. Обґрунтовано, що Україна має потенціал стати не просто європейською, а глобальною державою.

Досліджено, що глобалізація загалом і світогосподарські відносини, зо- крема, — об’єктивний процес, що виражає сукупність умов розвитку сучас- ного світового співтовариства і насамперед науково-технічного й економіч- ного прогресу. Це неминучий етап сходження людства до нових обріїв, що несе в підсумку позитивні початки, але при цьому не позбавлений серйозних і масштабних суперечностей, тобто не виключає негативних впливів.

Проаналізовано, що основним негативом від глобалізації є домінування “заможнішої” країни над менш розвиненою в економічній і навіть культур- ній сферах. До негативних сторін також належить комерціалізація культур- них цінностей, підпорядкування світу інтересам потужних транснаціональ- них корпорацій та ін. Глобалізація в її нинішньому вигляді підпорядкована інтересам світового капіталу (транснаціональних корпорацій), що діють, ви- користовуючи військово-політичну могутність провідних західних держав. Однак і самі ці держави керують світовим глобалізаційним процесом в ім’я реалізації власних геополітичних інтересів.
ЕФЕКТИВНІ ФОРМИ КОМУНІКАТИВНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ ЯК ОСНОВИ РОЗВИТКУ ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ СУЧАСНОГО КЕРІВНИКА В УМОВАХ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ
Authors: Василенко Надія , Семко Майя , Пойда Сергій
Published: July 2021

Розглянуто проблему технологічної компетентності сучасного керівника з метою обґрунтування її значення для ефективного застосування професійних комунікацій в його управлінської діяльності; обґрунтовано роз- виток технологічної компетентності сучасного керівника в умовах публічно- го управління, яка розглядається як основа складової комунікативної ком- петентності фахівців з публічного управління; показано інноваційні підходи та ресурси керівника щодо розвитку його ефективних форм комунікативної компетентності шляхом формування професійних комунікацій; розроблено спеціальні правила професійних комунікацій щодо набуття керівниками не- обхідних знань, умінь з організації та проведення різних форм управлінських комунікацій, що дають можливість уникнути конфлікту сучасному керівни- ку в умовах публічного управління.
Дослідження підтвердило, що наради, засідання, різні бесіди, дискусії, по- становка і роз’яснення завдань підлеглим, звіти перед колективом і керівниц- твом та ін. — усе це різні форми комунікативної компетентності, найпошире- нішими серед яких є ділова бесіда і ділова нарада.
При цьому серед умов і чинників технологічної компетентності встанов- лено кілька ведучих управлінських комунікацій: комплекс специфічних знань у галузі публічного управління та адміністрування; вміння та навички керівника з ділового спілкування.
Доведено, що технологічна компетентність виявляється в управлінських діях із застосуванням конкретних комунікативних засобів та прийомів, які забезпечують інтерес та засвоєння сучасним керівником накопичених кому- нікативним простором знань та вмінь про інноваційні комунікативні техно- логії управління, націлених на перспективний розвиток управлінської діяль- ності.
EТАПИ СТАНОВЛЕННЯ МЕХАНІЗМІВ ДЕРЖАВНОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ МЕДИЧНОЇ ДОПОМОГИ ХВОРИМ ЗІ ЗЛОЯКІСНИМИ НОВОУТВОРЕННЯМИ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Дузь Оксана
Published: July 2021

Розглянуто етапи і механізми державного регулювання ре- формування медичної допомоги хворим зі злоякісними захворюваннями в Україні, проаналізовано програми дій в галузі, нормативно-правове забезпе- чення, суб’єкти управління і відповідальні особи; об’єкти реформування, уз- годження запроваджуваних змін з іншими складовими суспільної системи. Про недоліки системи охорони здоров’я України свідчить зростання показ- ників смертності від злоякісних новоутворень, а також неефективний захист населення від ризику катастрофічних витрат у випадку онкологічного за- хворювання. Основне завдання — зниження рівня захворюваності на злоя- кісні новоутворення в Україні шляхом профілактики, раннього виявлення, якісного лікування хворих зі злоякісними новоутвореннями, покращення якості життя пацієнтів та зниження рівня смертності.

Досягнення визначених завдань передбачає кілька важливих напрямів роботи: забезпечення первинної профілактики онкологічних захворювань, вплив факторів ризику та покращення поінформованості населення із за- лученням до активних дій; сприяння ранньому виявленню злоякісних но- воутворень; забезпечення рівноправного і постійного доступу до спромож- ної мережі закладів охорони здоров’я для діагностики і лікування дорослих хворих і дітей зі злоякісними новоутвореннями; забезпечення реабілітації, догляду і паліативної допомоги хворим зі злоякісними новутвореннями і підтримка доглядальників на всіх рівнях; покращення інформаційних сис- тем реєстрації злоякісних новоутворень та спостереження за хворими зі зло- якісними новоутвореннями для відстеження динаміки результатів і заходів контролю злоякісних новоутворнеь; підвищення рівня професійної освіти лікарів, середнього медичного персоналу, підготовка управлінських кадрів; проведення клінічних досліджень ІІ та ІІІ фази з наступним використанням результатів для контролю злоякісних новоутворень.

Вирішення цього питання знаходиться на межі соціального, організацій- ного та економічного аспектів суспільного життя. І вочевидь нагальним є продовження реформування медичної допомоги хворим зі злоякісними но- воутвореннями в Україні із застосуванням майбутніх інноваційніх підходів, які мають забезпечити конституційні гарантії необмеженого доступу до ме- дичної допомоги хворим зі злоякісними новоутвореннями.
ОГЛЯД НАУКОВИХ ДЖЕРЕЛ З ПИТАНЬ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ СИСТЕМИ СТРИМУВАНЬ І ПРОТИВАГ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Москальчук Юрій
Published: July 2021

Викладено розвиток наукової теорії та практики застосування конституційних основ функціонування інститутів державної влади, що при- діляє системі стримувань та противаг ключову роль у формуванні злагодже- ної та конструктивної державної політики. Дослідження, проведені у сфері державного управління, конституційного будівництва та політичної теорії, засвідчили поступовість та невідворотність впровадження системи стриму- вань і противаг на різних рівнях організації влади у державі.

Виділено основні напрями теоретичних досліджень ідеї стримувань і противаг, актуальні та перспективні позиції науковців з обраної проблема- тики. Сформульовано значення та спрямованість робіт, які стосуються пи- тання проведення злагодженої, контрольованої та взаємопов’язаної роботи у владних інституціях держави. Зроблено висновки з приводу проведеного огляду та сформульовано пропозиції з подальших розвідок в опрацюванні вказаного питання.

В умовах сьогодення проблема наукового обґрунтування та законодав- чого закріплення механізмів реалізації ідеї стримувань і противаг не втрачає своєї актуальності, а навпаки, вимагає дієвої, ефективної та плідної роботи у напрямах конституційних, законодавчих, інституційних перетво- рень і напрацювань. Форми взаємодії та взаємоконтролю, обсяг повнова- жень і напрями діяльності інституцій державної влади не є сталими, тому теорія щодо налагодження демократичної системи стримувань і противаг повинна постійно розвивати актуальні аспекти та грані вітчизняного дер- жавотворення. Проведення огляду ключових, фундаментальних і різнопланових пози- цій, які розкривають сутність та зміст системи стримувань і противаг, спри- ятиме подальшому вдосконаленню публічного управління, формуванню громадянського суспільства та правової держави, поширенню демократії, практичному застосуванню принципу поділу влади в Україні.
Automatización contable y el futuro de la profesión contable
Authors: Sumar Ramiro Rodrigues
Published: July 2021

La presencia de calidad en los servicios prestados es, en efecto, indispensable para la supervivencia de la profesión contable, ya que se traduce en el objetivo de un contable. Los sistemas de información, las nuevas tecnologías de inteligencia artificial y la innovación, cuando se conectan con la experiencia de los profesionales de la contabilidad, pueden resultar en un mayor rendimiento de las empresas y, en consecuencia, de la economía. Considerando que la profesión del contador busca proporcionar información tributaria a las autoridades tributarias, este artículo tiene como objetivo demostrar que esta profesión se encuentra en un proceso de migración con respecto a la automatización de tareas, con el fin de convertirse en una herramienta de gestión capaz de ayudar en la toma de decisiones asertivas, con el fin de contribuir al desempeño de la responsabilidad social de las empresas. La problematización de este estudio se basa en la siguiente pregunta problemática: ¿Cuál será el papel del contador con la automatización de la contabilidad? ¿Terminará la profesión contable como predijo el Instituto Sapiens en la investigación de 2018? Para la consecución de los objetivos, se utilizó la revisión bibliográfica. Como resultado, el artículo demostró el papel del contador en el proceso de desarrollo y crecimiento de las empresas antes y después de la automatización de los procesos burocráticos, así como la perspectiva de futuro de la profesión. Así, se encontró que la profesión contable sufre un cambio repentino de posicionamiento para que sobreviva como profesión y mantenga su papel con la sociedad y economía del país.
Automatização Da Contabilidade E O Futuro Da Profissão Contábil
Authors: Sumar Ramiro Rodrigues
Published: July 2021

A presença de qualidade nos serviços prestados é de fato imprescindível para a sobrevivência da profissão contábil, uma vez que se traduz no objetivo de um contador. Os sistemas de informação, as novas tecnologias de inteligência artificial e a inovação, quando conectados com o conhecimento especializado dos profissionais da contabilidade, podem resultar em um maior desempenho das empresas e, consequentemente, da economia. Considerando que a profissão do contador busca fornecer informações tributárias ao fisco, o presente artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar que esta profissão está em um processo de migração no que diz respeito a automatização das tarefas, a fim de se tornar um instrumento de gestão capaz de auxiliar nas tomadas de decisões assertivas, de modo a contribuir para o desempenho da responsabilidade social das companhias. A problematização deste estudo se baseia na seguinte questão problema: Qual será o papel do contador com a automatização da contabilidade? A profissão contábil acabará conforme prevê o instituto Sapiens em pesquisa de 2018? Para o alcance dos objetivos utilizou-se da revisão bibliográfica. Como resultados, o artigo demonstrou o papel do contador no processo de desenvolvimento e crescimento das empresas antes e após a automatização dos processos burocráticos, assim como a perspectiva de cenário futuro da profissão. Sendo assim, verificou-se que a profissão contábil sofre uma mudança brusca de posicionamento para que sobreviva como profissão e mantenha o seu papel junto à sociedade e economia do país.
Automazione contabile e futuro della professione contabile
Authors: Sumar Ramiro Rodrigues
Published: July 2021

La presenza di qualità nei servizi forniti è infatti indispensabile per la sopravvivenza della professione contabile, in quanto si traduce nell’obiettivo di un commercialista. I sistemi informativi, le nuove tecnologie di intelligenza artificiale e l’innovazione, se collegati alle competenze dei professionisti della contabilità, possono tradursi in maggiori prestazioni delle aziende e, di conseguenza, dell’economia. Considerando che la professione di commercialista cerca di fornire informazioni fiscali al fisco, questo articolo mira a dimostrare che questa professione è in un processo di migrazione per quanto riguarda l’automazione dei compiti, al fine di diventare uno strumento di gestione in grado di assistere nel processo decisionale assertivo, al fine di contribuire allo svolgimento della responsabilità sociale delle imprese. La problematicizzazione di questo studio si basa sulla seguente domanda problematica: quale sarà il ruolo del contabile con l’automazione della contabilità? La professione contabile terminerà come previsto dall’Istituto Sapiens nella ricerca del 2018? Per raggiungere gli obiettivi, è stata utilizzata la rassegna della letteratura. Come risultato, l’articolo ha dimostrato il ruolo del commercialista nel processo di sviluppo e crescita delle aziende prima e dopo l’automazione dei processi burocratici, nonché la prospettiva dello scenario futuro della professione. Così, si è scoperto che la professione contabile subisce un improvviso cambiamento di posizionamento in modo che sopravviva come professione e mantenga il suo ruolo con la società e l’economia del paese.
Using the 3I+E Framework to assess provincial policy decisions for the sale of cannabis in Ontario, Saskatchewan and Quebec
Authors: Sandhu Ravinder , Saini Guneet , Alvarez Elizabeth
Published: July 2021

Objective: This paper examines policy decisions regarding public or private retail models chosen for the recreational use of cannabis in the provinces of Ontario, Saskatchewan and Quebec to demonstrate the application of the 3I+E framework for policy analysis.

Methods: The 3I+E framework includes considerations of institutions, interests, ideas and external factors that play a role in adopting a particular policy. A retrospective comparative approach using this framework was conducted. Relevant newspaper articles, press releases, consultation reports and primary policy papers were reviewed.

Results: Ontario employed a mixed model for the sale of cannabis while Saskatchewan chose to fully privatize cannabis retail within the province and Quebec decided to sell through the public sector. Government institutions, particularly the party in power and the number of seats they hold, as well as existing policy legacies for alcohol retail, appeared to have a strong ability to influence policy decisions in all three jurisdictions. Interest groups, including municipal and labor unions and private cannabis companies had a limited role in swaying government decisions toward a particular model. Beliefs and values of citizens regarding cannabis retail did not appear to play a large role. In Ontario particularly, an external factor, namely a major political shift towards a conservative government had a large role in the mixed model chosen in the jurisdiction.

Conclusion: Overall, the policy decision for cannabis retail is multifactorial and the interaction between stakeholders and interest groups with the government influences which model was ultimately chosen in each jurisdiction.
Energies Alterations and Chakras’ Energies Deficiencies in Patient with Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: WL Huang
Published: July 2021

Introduction Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a chronic, idiopathic inflammatory disease that affects the colon, most commonly afflicting adults aged 30 years to 40 years, resulting in disability. It is characterized by relapsing and remitting mucosal inflammation, starting in the rectum and extending to proximal segments of the colon. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the invasion of external pathogenic factors causing Damp-Cold and Damp-Heat, inadequate diet and violent emotions are the source of the disease. Purpose The aim of this study is to demonstrate that patients with ulcerative colitis have energies alterations and chakras’ energies deficiencies as underline causes. Methods A case report of a 32 years-old female patient with diagnosis of ulcerative colitis ten years ago (2010) and a very difficult childhood when her mother died before the disease began. The UC symptoms started with a bloated belly and excessive intestinal gas. She has been treated by proctologist doctor and was receiving Sulfasalazine medications but she was willing to have another type of treatment without using so many medications. She searched for traditional Chinese medicine treatment and the doctor did the diagnosis of Yin, Yang, Qi deficiency and Heat retention and was submitted to the radiesthesia procedure to see how her internal organs energy was. The result of this measurement was that all her six chakras were without energy (rated one out of eight) with the exception of the seventh chakra that was normal (rated in eight). The treatment consisted in Chinese dietary counseling, auricular acupuncture with apex ear bloodletting and replenishment the chakras energies using homeopathies according to Constitutional Homeopathy of the Five Elements Based on Traditional Chinese Medicine and crystal based medications. Results The patient showed a significant improvement after the treatment performed. Conclusion The conclusion of this study is that patients with ulcerative colitis have energies imbalances and chakras’ energies deficiencies as demonstrated in this case report. The corrections of these energies imbalances is important to treat the root of the problem that are the energies imbalances and chakras´energies deficiencies and not just the symptoms presented by the patient. Keywords: Ulcerative colitis; Energy; Chakras; Diet; Traditional Chinese medicine; Acupuncture; Homeopathy; Crystal-based medications.
Fertility potential and child benefits questioned: Polish migration in the UK and changes of family policies in Poland.
Authors: Isański Jakub , Michalski Michał , Szwarc Krzysztof , Seredyńska-Abou Eid Renata
Published: July 2021

This paper presents the discussion about evaluating and using „migrating fertility” potential as a useful approach for designing and implementing pro-natalist and family policies which may play significant role in managing migration processes especially in the context of low fertility in European countries. The analysis presented in the article is based on pilot empirical study conducted in the UK in 2017 and 2018. The aim was to capture the views of migrants who have been staying in the UK for several years on the “Family 500+” fertility-boost financial aid program introduced in Poland in 2016. A critical aspect of the adopted approach is the inclusion in the analysis of future demographic trends the fertility potential of those who emigrated from their home country, a factor often underestimated in migration studies. The results of the study, which was conducted shortly after the launch of the Program, clearly indicate that the new child benefit is not the only decisive factor for Polish migrants, and therefore they are not necessarily eager to return to their home country despite the new pro-family policy.
Resilience of the electric sector after COVID-19 and the impacts on the photovoltaic solar energy market
Authors: De Souza-Sant’Anna Vânia Reis , Ferrarez Adriano Henrique , De Moraes Maria Joselma , Solano-Jiménez Juan Carlos
Published: July 2021

INTRODUCTION. The Brazilian electricity sector and parts of society are experiencing the impacts of COVID-19, which spreads throughout the world, paralyzing all or part of its activities. The reduction in electricity consumption leads to an analysis of the stability of the Brazilian energy matrix that serves different social segments. OBJECTIVE. The objective of this work was to carry out an analysis of the electric power generation sector and its standardization, the perspectives of its post-Covid-19 behaviour and the role of renewable energy sources, in particular the photovoltaic industry. METHOD. An analysis was made of the electric power generation sector and its standardization, the prospects for its post-Covid-19 behaviour and the role of the solar photovoltaic systems. RESULTS. Scenarios evaluated: updating of the regulatory framework for the Brazilian electric sector, the solar energy market photovoltaic, electricity consumption and the solar photovoltaic systems as a complementary source in this climate change scenario. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. It is concluded that sustainable transitions on the planet, associated with economic growth, promote human development for a low carbon community.
Meat productivity of quails by feeding nanocrystalline cerium dioxide
Authors: Zotsenko V. , Bityutsky V. , Ostrovskiy D. , Andriichuk A.
Published: July 2021

The use of nanomaterials in poultry farming has become increasingly popular as feed additives capable of increasing the productivity of the herd. Nanocrystalline cerium dioxide belongs to nanomaterials with a broad spectrum of activity. Owing to their oxygen non-stoichiometry and low toxicity, cerium dioxide nanoparticles are a very promising object for agriculture. The paper presents the results of studying the meat productivity of quails of the Pharaoh breed when drinking nanocrystalline cerium dioxide in the composition of the feed additive “Nanocerium”. The study was carried out on quails during the rearing period from 14 to 49 days. For the experiment, two groups (control and experimental) of 24 heads each were formed from one day old poultry. The quails were kept in a vivarium, in cage batteries, subject to the accepted microclimate conditions. Poultry of both groups received compound feed, developed taking into account age and physiological characteristics. With drinking water, the of the experimental group additionally received nanocrystalline cerium dioxide as part of the feed additive “Nanocerium” at a dose of 8,6 mg per liter of water for 35 days. The quail population was counted and weighed weekly, starting from the day-old age. The following indicators were determined: safety, dynamics of live weight, average daily gain in live weight. According to the results of the control slaughter and anatomical cutting, the weight of the carcass and the weight of the edible part were determined. Slaughter qualities and morphological composition of quail carcasses were determined by anatomical cutting with the measurement of the following parameters: pre-slaughter weight, half-battered carcass weight, carcass patrana, slaughter yield, weight of edible parts. Drinking the feed additive “Nanocerium” by young quails increased their safety by 4.17%, live weight and absolute average daily gain by 20.3 g and 0.48 g (P <0.05), respectively. The addition of NDC quails to drinking water contributed to an increase in their pre-slaughter weight by 19.3 g, half-gutted carcass by 18.0 g, and gutted by 17.5 g in comparison with the control group. The quail carcasses of the experimental group had a higher yield of edible parts in comparison with the poultry that consumed pure water.
Key words: quail, nanocrystalline cerium dioxide, safety, body mass, gain, slaughter rates, output of edible part.
Effects of different dietary energy and protein levels on the performance and carcass characteristics of native hilly chicken during growing phase in confinement
Authors: Khatun Halima , Faruqe Shakila , Mostafa Md Golam
Published: July 2021

Two hundred and sixteen 10 weeks of age hilly chickens were used to determine the effects of dietary energy and protein level on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality. The chicks were randomly allotted in to 3×3 factorial in a completely randomize design. Three levels of energy (2600, 2700 and 2800 ME kcal/kg) and three levels of dietary proteins (16, 17 and 18% CP) were offered ad libitum to the chicks from 10-16 weeks of age. There were no significant interaction effect between dietary protein and energy levels in the diets. At 10-16 weeks of age hilly chickens fed with the medium protein diet (17% CP) showed shortened feed intake (p<0.001) but FCR found better in 16% CP diet. Dietary protein levels higher than 16% CP did not show any significant effect on growth performance. However hilly chicken fed with lower protein diet converted protein to body weight and body weight gain more efficiently than those fed higher protein diets. Dietary energy contents of 2600, 2700 and 2800 ME kcal/kg did not affect the growth performance of hilly chicken except ME, CP intake and protein conversion ratio. ME and CP intake was increased with increasing dietary ME and CP levels (p<0.000). Protein utilization was better (p<0.05) in higher (2800 ME kcal/kg) and medium (2700 ME kcal/kg) ME level diet. L*, a* and b* of breast meat was not affected by dietary ME and CP (p>0.05). Dietary energy and protein level did not significantly (p>0.05) affect the drip loss, cooking loss and pH of breast meat between the treatments. Based on the data of growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality, the optimal dietary ME requirement of hilly chicken from 10-16 weeks of age is 2800 ME kcal/kg and the CP requirement is 16%.

Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2021, 6 (1), 1-9
Comparing the performances of multiple rainfall-runoff models of a karst watershed
Authors: Hasan Md Moudud , Ullah Md Shariot , Saha Ajoy Kumar , Amin MG Mostofa
Published: July 2021

Different modeling concepts, a simple (black-box) to a fully distributed modeling (white-box), were used to develop a rainfall-runoff model based on the watershed characteristics to estimate runoff at the watershed outlet. A conceptual (grey-box) model is usually a balance between the black-box and white-box model. In this study, three grey-box models were developed by varying model structures for a karst watershed. The performance of the grey-box models was evaluated and compared with a semi-distributed type (white-box) model that was developed using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool in a previous study. The evaluation was carried out using goodness-of-fit statistics and extreme flow analysis using WETSPRO (Water Engineering Time Series Processing tool). Nash-Sutcliffe efficiencies (NSE) of the grey-box models were from 0.39 to 0.77 in the calibration period and from 0.30 to 0.61 in the validation period. However, the white-box model performed better in terms of NSE but has a higher bias. The best grey-box model performed better in simulating extreme flow, whereas the white-box (SWAT) model adequately simulated daily flows.

Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2021, 6 (1), 26-39
Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Vibrio cholerae in dairy excreta
Authors: Eashmen Nilofa , Arif Mohammad , Sarker Basana , Akter Mir Rowshan , Kabir SM Lutful
Published: July 2021

Vibrio cholerae is a major etiological agent of human diarrhoea and has become epidemic across the world in the recent past. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of V. cholerae from dairy excreta along with antimicrobial resistant status of the isolates. A total 50 samples were collected from 50 different household manure pit located at Bangladesh Agriculture University (BAU) surrounding area, Mymensingh. Alkaline peptone water was used for enrichment of the samples followed by inoculation onto thiosulfate citrate bile salt sucrose (TCBS) agar media for the isolation of Vibrio spp., which were further confirmed via Vibrio genus specific molecular assay. Biochemical tests were performed to identify V. cholerae from the isolates of Vibrio spp. Out of 50 samples 17 (34%) were confirmed as Vibrio spp. as they produced characteristic yellow colonies on TCBS agar and had found to possess recombinase A gene that confirmed the identity of Vibrio spp. From this 17 Vibrio isolates, 6 (12% in total from 50 samples) were identified as V. cholerae based on different biochemical tests. All the isolates fermented glucose, maltose, sucrose and mannitol with the production of only acid. The isolates were positive in oxidase, gelatinase, methyl-red (MR) and indole test, but negative in case of voges-proskaure (VP) test. In antimicrobial susceptibility testing, V. cholerae isolates showed 100% sensitivity to gentamycin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline with moderate sensitivity to ciprofloxacin and co-trimoxazole. A high level of resistance was observed to ampicillin (100%) followed by moderate resistance to erythromycin and imipenem. In the present study about 33.33% (n = 2) of 6 isolated V. cholerae were found to be multidrug resistant (MDR) as they demonstrated resistant against 3 antimicrobial agents. The findings of this study substantiate the presence of MDR V. cholerae in the dairy excreta, which indicates the role of domestic animals to serve as a reservoir that might pose a health risk to human. Hygienic management of animal waste is needed to reduce the burden of human illness.

Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2021, 6 (1), 40-49
A comparative study between results of different modalities of management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia I
Authors: Saha Eti , Begum Fouzia , Jesmin Zannatul Ferdous , Fatema Muckti Kaniz
Published: July 2021

Background: Carcinoma cervix is a preventable disease. It runs a long preinvasive stage, such as Normal - CIN I - CIN II - CIN III - Cancer cervix. It can be prevented at early stage of development with proper diagnosis, treatment & follow up. A major portion of CIN I spontaneously regress but some need treatment.

Obiective: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of abnormal colposcopic findings during the 1 year follow up period in patients of CIN I treated with cold coagulation, LEEP and expectant management.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in colposcopic centre of Khulna medical college hospital, Khulna, Bangladesh from January 2018 to December 2019. After confirmation of CIN I, ladies were arranged in three groups according to their treatment modalities - Expectant management (group A), Cold coagulation (group B) & LEEP (group C). They were reexamined with colposcopy after 6 months, or after one year of first visit. Persistence or reappearance of CIN was assayed & correlation between colposcopic results during follow up of different groups was analysed.

Results: Total 195 ladies were diagnosed colposcopically as CIN I. Of them 75 women were confirmed by histological examination. Among 75 ladies, 25 ladies received no treatment, grouped as group A. Forty ladies treated with cold coagulation falls in group B, whereas 10 ladies who treated with LEEP were grouped as group C. Distribution of age, parity, monthly income, education, marital age, age at first delivery was similar in different group. During follow up persistence of disease were found in 2(13.3%) ladies who did not receive any form of treatment, 3(10.7%) who were treated with cold coagulation (p value 0.333) and 1(12.5%) lady who received treatment with LEEP (p value 0.667), were not significant.

Conclusion: Colposcopic surveillance without treatment appears reasonable in treating CIN I because of the high rate of spontaneous regression of CIN 1, but adherence to the follow up should be emphasized to the patients during the follow up visits.

Bang Med J Khulna 2020: 53 : 8-12
Laboratory parameters of COVID-19 patients in Khulna, Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Sabikun Nahar , Islam Md Nazrul , Roshed Md Mahabubur , Hossain Md Mokter , Salahuddin Gazi
Published: July 2021

Background: Recent studies have demonstrated the role of several laboratory tests in addition to RT-PCR in the diagnosis of COVID 19. Some of these, laboratory tests are indicators of the current state of the disease, while others have proved to be useful prognostic markers.

Objective: The objective of our study was to evaluate the hematological, biochemical and radiological changes in COVID-19 patients.

Methods: It was an observational and analytical study done retrospectively. The whole number of patients were included on the basis of inclusion and exclusion creteria. All were confirmed cases of COVID-19 patients either admitted in different hospitals or were in home isolation.

Results: Total study cases was 112. Complete blood count revealed, leukocytosis was present in 9 (8.0%) cases and leucopenia in 8 (7.14%) cases. Neutrophilia was present in 27 (24.1%) cases; neutropenia in 9(8.0%) cases, lymphocylosis in 17 (15.2%) cases; lymphopenia in 28 (25%) cases. Neutrophil Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) revealed mean value of NLR 2.3(±1.1) with a range of 0.6-4.0. Decreased total circulating eosinophil count (<40/cmm) was found in 6 (5.3%) cases. Thrombocytopenia was found in 31 (27.7%) cases, Elevated ESR was found in 53 (47.3%) cases; CRP value was increased in 47 (42.0%) cases. Increased serum ferritin was found in 29 (25.9%) cases. D-dimer was increased in 35 (31.3%) cases; Xray chest showed bilateral pneumonia in 26 (23.2%) cases. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of chest revealed ground glass opacities in 11(9.8%) cases.

Conclusion: Multiple changes in laboratory findings were observed such as altered NLR, elevated acute phase reactants, increased seromarkers (S ferritin, D-dimers) and also opacities in chest imaging.

Bang Med J Khulna 2020: 53 : 13-16
Association News-2020 Vol. 53 (1-2)
Authors: - -
Published: July 2021

Abstract not available

Bang Med J Khulna 2020: 53 : 41
Detection of Dengue Serotypes by Two Molecular Techniques, qPCR and LAMP
Authors: Rawnuck Tanzila , Reza Md Selim , Islam Mohammad Fatteh Ul , Alam Muhammad Mahbub Ul , Parveen Shahnaj , Mursafa Marzia
Published: July 2021

Background: Dengue virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus and the most widely prevalent arbovirus in tropical and subtropical regions. Detection of this virus by a new molecular technique named Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a very sensitive, easy, and less time-consuming diagnostic method. It can amplify up to 109 copies in less than 1 hour under isothermal conditions (65°C).

Aims: To establish a dengue LAMP as simple, less time-consuming, more specific, and sensitive than the qPCR to detect dengue serotypes.

Materials and Methods: This prospective analytical study was conducted from January- December 2017 at the Department of Virology, BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total of 290 serum samples were used, confirmed by ICT (immune chromatographic test). These samples were used to perform qPCR for the detection of dengue serotypes. After that, dengue LAMP was performed using the same samples to establish the LAMP technique as a suitable, time-saving molecular technique that is more sensitive than qPCR.

Results: A total of 290 dengue confirmed samples by ICT were used for qPCR to detect dengue serotypes. Among which 137 dengue I and 113 dengue II RNA positive serum samples were confirmed by qPCR, and those were also positive by LAMP assay. Besides, 20 both dengue NS1 and dengue IgM negative by ICT were tested by qPCR, and 01 positive dengue II serotype was detected by qPCR, whereas 02 dengue II serotypes were detected by dengue LAMP technique from the same samples.

Conclusion: RT-LAMP assay had been developed in this study which allowed the rapid and accurate identification of dengue virus serotypes.

TAJ 2021; 34: No-1: 01-04
Risk factors of Early Shedding of Deciduous Teeth in Children under Five Years
Authors: Asad Abul Kalam Mohammad , Sabnom Rumana , Saud Nur E , Parvin Ayrin , Rahman Md Shoyeb , Islam Md Shahidul
Published: July 2021

A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken in Shimul Memorial North-South School Laxmipur Branch, Rajshahi. Among the children aged under five years with premature or early tooth loss or shedding. In order to find out the relationship between early shedding of deciduous teeth and selected dental conditions like dental caries, dental trauma, etc., and socioeconomic background.  In this study, out of 110 children, 61 (55.5%) were male, and 49 (44.5%) were female. It was observed that the highest number of children, 109 (99.1%), were Muslim and 1 (0.9%) was Hindu. Among all the parents of children, 6 (5.5%) were educated up to primary level, and 33(30%) were masters and above. Regarding monthly family income, 2 (1.8%) had Tk. 5000-8000 and 15 (13.6%) parents had Tk. 15000-18000. The majority (66.4%) of the children under study were found to clean teeth only once daily. Tooth cleaning by toothbrush & paste and frequency was once daily73 (66.4%). Children liked more sugar-containing food 89 (80.9%) and used to take milk at bedtime (42.7%). The majority of the respondents had intake carbohydrate 91 (82.7%) containing food and the majority of the respondents, 61 (65.5%), had dental caries.  A significant association was found between dental carries and shedding of deciduous teeth, but no association was found between sugar- containing food and shedding of teeth.

TAJ 2021; 34: No-1: 97-105
Association between serum tumor necrosis factor-α and sarcopenia in liver cirrhosis
Authors: Han Ji Won , Kim Da In , Nam Hee Chul , Chang U Im , Yang Jin Mo , Song Do Seon
Published: July 2021

Background/Aims: Sarcopenia is an independent prognostic factor of liver cirrhosis (LC). However, the association between LC-related systemic inflammation and sarcopenia is unclear.Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with thioacetamide (TAA) or saline as a control. Rifaximin was administered to TAA-induced LC rats. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to measure inflammatory mediators in rat serum. RT-PCR was performed to measure the molecular expression in tissues. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry were performed to investigate tissue pathology. Serum tumor necrosis factor-α levels, liver stiffness (LS), and the L3 skeletal muscle index (L3SMI) were measured in 60 patients with chronic liver disease.Results: LC and sarcopenia were successfully induced by TAA. Serum TNF-α levels were increased in LC rats and correlated with myostatin expression, muscle weight, and myofiber diameter. The expression of intestinal occludin and zona occludens-1 was reduced in LC rats and associated with serum TNF-α levels and sarcopenia. In patients with LS ≥7 kPa or sarcopenia, serum TNF-α levels were significantly increased, which was also confirmed when we raised the LS cutoff to 10 kPa. The L3SMI was inversely correlated with serum TNF-α levels in patients with LS ≥7 kPa. TNF-α was reduced by rifaximin, which might have resulted in reduced expression of muscular MuRF1 and myostatin and improvements in myofiber diameters within muscle tissues.Conclusions: These results suggest that serum TNF-α is associated with LC-related sarcopenia. Rifaximin might be effective in reducing serum TNF-α levels and improving sarcopenia in LC, but these results need to be validated in future studies.
Toward a complete cure for chronic hepatitis B: Novel therapeutic targets for hepatitis B virus
Authors: Kim Sun Woong , Yoon Jun Sik , Lee Minjong , Cho Yuri
Published: July 2021

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) affects approximately 250 million patients worldwide, resulting in the progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, which are serious public health problems. Although universal vaccination programs exist, they are only prophylactic and not curative. In the HBV life cycle, HBV forms covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), which is the viral minichromosome, in the nuclei of human hepatocytes and makes it difficult to achieve a complete cure with the current nucleos(t)ide analogs and interferon therapies. Current antiviral therapies rarely eliminate cccDNA; therefore, lifelong antiviral treatment is necessary. Recent trials for antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis B have been focused on establishing a functional cure, defined by either the loss of hepatitis B surface antigen, undetectable serum HBV DNA levels, and/or seroconversion to hepatitis B surface antibody. Novel therapeutic targets and molecules are in the pipeline for early clinical trials aiming to cure HBV infection. The ideal strategy for achieving a long-lasting functional or complete cure might be using combination therapies targeting different steps of the HBV life cycle and immunomodulators. This review summarizes the current knowledge about novel treatments and combination treatments for a complete HBV cure.
Environmental stressors induced strong small-scale phenotypic differentiation in a wide-dispersing marine snail
Authors: Bonel N , Pointier JP , Alda P
Published: July 2021

Heterogeneous environments pose a particular challenge for organisms because a single phenotype is unlikely to perform best across the variety of encountered stressors. To understand how species meet this challenge, we investigated the extent to which contrasting environmental pressures induced ecological and phenotypic responses in a natural population of a wide-dispersing marine snail at a small spatial scale. We analyzed several traits ofHeleobia australis(Rissooidea: Cochliopidae) collected from heterogeneous, but highly connected, habitats from the intertidal area of the Bahía Blanca estuary, Argentina. We also conducted molecular analyses by amplifying the COI gene in individuals sampled from each habitat. We found that sympatric subpopulations ofH. australisexhibited a strong phenotypic divergence in shell characters and body weight in response to thermal, saline, and dehydration stress, crab predation risk, and parasitic castrators. We proved that this differentiation occurred even early in life, as most of the characters observed in juveniles mirrored those found in adults. We also found a divergence in penis size in snails collected from each habitat and raised in common garden laboratory conditions. Molecular analyses confirmed that the individuals studied constituted a single species, despite the strong phenotypic differences among subpopulations. The small-scale phenotypic differentiation suggests thatH.australisexperienced a fine-grained environment where conditions imposed by different sources of stress favored the expression of beneficial traits. We discuss the role of plasticity in shaping adaptive phenotypic responses that increase the likelihood of persistence of subpopulations facing environmental stress conditions.
Student session -Global responsibility: $100 billion annually for mitigation and adaptation, where should it go?
Authors: Causley Jake , Cullen Luke , Li Simon , Phillips Freedom-Kai
Published: July 2021

This session will cover global landscape funds and how experiences can inform modalities for climate investment going forward, as well as exploring how to manage and plan the scope for aid to the Global South.
Drought and Competition With Ivyleaf Morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea) Inhibit Corn and Soybean Growth
Authors: Westbrook Anna S. , Han Rongkui , Zhu Jinwen , Cordeau Stéphane , DiTommaso Antonio
Published: July 2021

Agricultural impacts of climate change include direct effects on crop plants and indirect effects, such as changes to the distributions and competitiveness of weed species. In the northeastern United States, warming temperatures are likely to result in periods of soil moisture deficit and changes to weed communities. Ivyleaf morningglory (IMG, Ipomoea hederacea Jacq.) is a summer annual vine that competes with field crops and interferes with harvesting. Climate change may increase the competitive effects of IMG on northeastern U.S. field crops. We conducted a greenhouse study to evaluate the effects of IMG on corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] under drought and non-drought conditions. The drought treatment was crossed against an IMG competition treatment with five levels: one crop plant without IMG plants, one crop plant with one, two, or three IMG plants, and one IMG plant without crop plants. Both drought and IMG (presence or biomass) reduced the biomass of corn and soybean (P < 0.05). Drought and IMG (presence) reduced soybean pod production (P < 0.001). IMG biomass was reduced by drought and the presence of corn (P < 0.001). Across all competition treatments, drought reduced IMG biomass by 71% in the corn experiment and 79% in the soybean experiment, compared with a corn biomass reduction of 50% and a soybean biomass reduction of 58%. Well-designed management programs should mitigate the risks associated with stressors such as IMG and drought, which may threaten northeastern U.S. field crop production under climate change.
An Overview of Methods and Tools for Transfection of Eukaryotic Cells in vitro
Authors: Fus-Kujawa Agnieszka , Prus Pawel , Bajdak-Rusinek Karolina , Teper Paulina , Gawron Katarzyna , Kowalczuk Agnieszka , Sieron Aleksander L.
Published: July 2021

Transfection is a powerful analytical tool enabling studies of gene products and functions in eukaryotic cells. Successful delivery of genetic material into cells depends on DNA quantity and quality, incubation time and ratio of transfection reagent to DNA, the origin, type and the passage of transfected cells, and the presence or absence of serum in the cell culture. So far a number of transfection methods that use viruses, non-viral particles or physical factors as the nucleic acids carriers have been developed. Among non-viral carriers, the cationic polymers are proposed as the most attractive ones due to the possibility of their chemical structure modification, low toxicity and immunogenicity. In this review the delivery systems as well as physical, biological and chemical methods used for eukaryotic cells transfection are described and discussed.
Efficient Inhibition of Streptococcus agalactiae by AIEgen-Based Fluorescent Nanomaterials
Authors: Yi Mengmeng , Wang He , Wang Miao , Cao Jianmeng , Gao Fengying , Ke Xiaoli , Liu Zhigang , Liu Ying , Lu Maixin
Published: July 2021

Streptococcus agalactiae, referred to as group B streptococcus (GBS), is a prominent co-pathogenic bacterium causing the onset and death of human, animal, and aquatic products. Although antibiotics are efficient against GBS, antibiotic resistance through antibiotic overuse is an equally serious problem. Therefore, the treatment of GBS infection appears strongly dependent on nonantibiotic therapy, such as photodynamic therapy. Different from other photosensitizers (PSs), luminogens with aggregation-induced emission (AIEgen) can efficiently generate fluorescence and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, TBP-1, an efficient AIE PSs, is chosen to resist GBS, and its antibacterial activity and the killing mechanism toward GBS are investigated. The ROS generation performance and the images of GBS treated with TBP-1 in the dark or under white light irradiation were investigated. TBP-1 with its high ROS generation ability can efficiently kill GBS and serve as a novel treatment strategy against GBS infection.