bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Current Development Status of "Data Element X" Enabling Economy
Authors: Liu Jialu , Wang Peng
Published: May 2024

Entering the new era, China has vigorously promoted the construction of a digital economy. The National Data Bureau jointly issued an action plan with several departments, focusing on applying "data elements x" in various fields. This article starts with the top-level design, combined with the laws and regulations involved in the project and the organizational structure of the implementation, analyzing the experience of "data element X" in the national pilot. Finally, we can summarize and expect the future through the current development environment and ecological construction. At present, the digital economy is developing rapidly, and data has become an essential strategic resource of the country. China has carried out all-round and multi-angle research and exploration on implementing "data element x" from the central to the local, theory to practice, legislation to policy, etc.
Job Recruitment Analysis based on Xgboost Decision Tree
Authors: Chen Jiawen , Chen Yiqi , Liao Yunyang , Mu Juanjuan , Li Guowei , Li Juan
Published: May 2024

With the increasing number of college students, "the most difficult graduation season" is a topic of anxiety for many parents and children. Therefore, before looking for a job, Xgboost decision tree analysis of the position is of great significance to job seekers and work units. In view of the diversity of region, position, salary and education, Xgboost decision tree algorithm can visually show information to job seekers in the way of word cloud for job seekers, so as to facilitate the corresponding job recommendation for job seekers.
Research on Green Space Ecosystem Services under the Guidance of Healthy City Orientation
Authors: Gao Kun
Published: May 2024

In recent years, rapid urbanization has brought about high-intensity construction and development activities, which have seriously impacted the urban ecological environment. Chinese cities have entered a new era that emphasizes the connotation and quality of urban development, social welfare, and the quality of life for residents. Residents' pursuit of a beautiful ecological environment and a social form that is suitable for both living and production is increasing. With the implementation of the "Healthy China" strategy, healthy cities, as an important aspect of this strategy, should conform to the requirements of the times. The proposal of the healthy city strategy has pointed out a new development path for cities in the new era. Urban green spaces are important spatial carriers for residents' healthy lives, the material basis of urban complex ecosystems, and indispensable spatial places for healthy urban development. Therefore, one of the key issues facing the construction of healthy cities and ecological civilization is to maximize the value of urban green space ecosystem service functions.
Emergency Department Management of Precipitated Opioid Withdrawal after Intravenous Buprenorphine/Naloxone Use: A Case Report
Authors: Cordial Parker , Mount Brandon , Ballinger Andrea , Yakam Abby , Seline Olivia , Neuenschwander James
Published: May 2024

The opioid epidemic in the United States continues to grow at staggering rates. More than 760,000 people have died of drug overdose since 1999, with the annual death toll increasing exponentially. In response, the use of medication assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid use disorder has grown considerably. Abuse of MAT is common, with studies showing rates as high as 28% of patients on MAT abusing the medications. There are case reports detailing precipitated withdrawal following intravenous buprenorphine/naloxone (Suboxone) misuse, but little literature exists regarding management of these cases. The current recommendation per other case reports is to treat with additional doses of Suboxone. We present the case of a 44-year-old male presenting to the emergency department in precipitated withdrawal after injecting Suboxone intravenously. In this case, the patient had eloped from inpatient rehabilitation about 36 hours after his last dose of Fentanyl. He then injected Suboxone to combat symptoms of opioid withdrawal. He felt markedly worse following the injection, prompting him to seek treatment. On arrival he was visibly uncomfortable and irritable during the exam. He was treated with additional Suboxone at the suggestion of other case reports, but this significantly worsened his symptoms. He was additionally treated with diazepam, resulting in improvement. He was discharged with resources for opioid use disorder and was successfully contacted six months after his initial presentation, at which time he reported continued opioid use as well as suboxone misuse.
Reclasificación morfológica de dizque- y pinches-: de adverbios a prefijos
Authors: Wagner Oviedo Carlos de Jesús
Published: May 2024

El presente trabajo explora el estatus prefijal de dizque y pinches en construcciones verbales del tipo "me dizque vieron" y "no me pinches hables", debido a que su posición y comportamiento rítmico-acentual es idéntico al de prefijos derivativos como "súper"- o "auto"-. Por otro lado, si bien tanto "dizque" como "pinches" son palabras consideradas adverbios bajo los análisis de Quepons Ramírez (2015, 2022) y el Diccionario de la lengua española (ASALE y RAE 2021), en el plano sintáctico resulta bastante anómalo situar a los adverbios entre los pronombres átonos y los verbos. Este hecho parece ser respaldado por la reciente propuesta de Haspelmath (2022d), en la que se considera que los clíticos de objeto de las lenguas romances son en realidad afijos a partir del criterio de selectividad, debido a que dichos morfemas sólo pueden unirse a verbos y no a otras clases léxicas; en ese sentido, al ser prefijos y formar parte de la palabra verbal no representan una contraprueba a dicha propuesta.
Cristina Buenrostro. Relaciones gramaticales y disminución de la transitividad en chuj de San Mateo Ixtatán. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas, Ciudad de México, 2021; 206 pp.
Authors: Neri Velázquez Marysa Georgina
Published: May 2024

el chuj es una lengua de la familia maya que se habla en el sur de Chiapas, México, y el norte de Guatemala, justo en la zona de los lagos de Montebello. Esta lengua maya es una de las que cuentan con menos estudios lingüísticos, si se le compara con otras lenguas de la familia como el maya yucateco. Entre los lingüistas que han estudiado esta lengua se encuentra Cristina Buenrostro, quien es la autora del libro Relaciones gramaticales y disminución de la transitividad en chuj de San Mateo Ixtatán, que reseño a continuación.
Eritrea’s foreign festivals: clashes within the exile community
Authors: Plaut Martin
Published: May 2024

The Eritrean government relies upon its substantial exile community around the world for political support and an estimated one-third of its finances. This is particularly important for President Isaias Afwerki’s government, since it is vilified by the West for its human rights abuses and subjected to a range of international sanctions. Eritrean festivals abroad, organised by Eritrea’s sole legal party since 1974, have played an important role in mobilising the diaspora. Previously these events were uncontested, helping to provide the resources that the government required to fight its numerous regional wars. However, since 2014 critics of the Eritrean government have attempted to halt the festivals, leading to increasingly ferocious clashes in Europe, North America and Israel. In the past year a new pro-government Eritrean organisation has been formed to provide security at the festivals, while two new opposition movements have been organised. Next summer’s confrontations could be even more serious.
Recent Advances in Local Anesthesia: Review of Literature
Authors: Pagare Dr. Vaishali , Dua Dr. Piyush , Gupta Dr. Ankita , Kaur Dr. Gunmeek , Banka Dr. Aanchal , Byrappa Dr. Brijesh
Published: May 2024

Even if local anaesthetic remains the mainstay of pain management in dentistry, research will continue to hunt for innovative and more effective strategies to control the pain. The majority of research efforts are focused on developing anaesthetic medicines, delivery systems, and related approaches. Modern dentistry techniques enable dentists to provide better pain management with less painful injections and unfavourable side effects. The current review of the literature aims to compile persuasive evidence for dentists about the use of modern local anaesthetics, various techniques, and tactics to lessen pain while delivering anaesthesia and so enhance patient comfort.
Decoding Success in IT projects: a Multi-Stakeholder Perspective
Authors: Haider Ali
Published: May 2024

Purpose–This study evaluated how effectively key stakeholders (project managers, team members, and clients) could predict I.T. project success. Every stakeholder had an independent perspective on the project's success, which made it possible to evaluate the project's success by considering all the stakeholders' points of view.
Study Design/Methodology/Approach–Two focus groups studied how project managers, teams, and clients could determine I.T. project success. The study focused on assessing I.T. project success from various perspectives. Five to six stakeholders from different sectors with personal experience in I.T. projects participated in that study.
Findings – The results suggested that successful I.T. projects that met business goals, improved operational efficiency, and produced significant returns on investments depended upon communication and teamwork, and equal participation by all stakeholders, the project success would be improved.
Practical Implications – The research implications for project management strategies are that organizations could enhance their capacity to work together and achieve project goals by incorporating multiple stakeholder perspectives. This approach promoted creativity and encouraged IT solutions that aligned with business objectives.
Originality/Novelty – Project managers monitored I.T. project execution to balance corporate goals with technology demands. Project teams produced high-quality deliverables and communicated well to overcome difficulties. Clients preferred I.T. solutions that met their company objectives, improved operational efficiency, and provided significant ROI.
Second stratum personality structure in joint rating and questionnaire measures: With new light on questionnaire distortion
Authors: Cattell Raymond B. , Vogelmann-Sine Silke
Published: May 2024

The study continues a test of the theory of instrument-transcending personality factors, which requires that the same personality factors load both the questionnaire and the observer-rating markers for a factor. It has recently been shown that this holds with primary factors, with 64 variables on an N of 164 undergraduates. It was argued that proofs of congruent structure are not entirely satisfactory unless the second order structure derived from the primaries also fits. Accordingly the correlation matrix of the 23 primary factors was factored, showing 9 second orders by the scree test. Communalities were iterated thereto and rotation to simple structure was pursued by Rotoplot to an unimprovable maximum at 52.5% for ± .10 loadings. At this point congruence were worked out with patterns of secondaries in Cattell's 1973 survey of results, which showed 8 out of 9 factors matching very significantly, but with Qv poorer than others. Inasmuch as desirability distortion has previously had to rest on data within questionnaires only, and this study was virtually the first factoring, of a Q and L (life observer) data together, it offers a definite contribution to motivation distortion. Two primaries, 19 and 20, appeared in Q-data only were hypothesized to be "popularity" and "respectability" distortions. The way they behaved here at the second order, loaded negatively by superego, Qviii, supports this interpretation.
Alignment of personality source trait factors from questionnaire and observer ratings: The theory of instrument-free patterns
Authors: Cattell Raymond B. , Pierson George R. , Finkbeiner Carl
Published: May 2024

Testing the hypothesis of "indifference of indicator," i.e., that instrument-free source traits exist as factors when different media are jointly factored, the investigators scored young adults on 32 observer-rating and 32 questionnaire trait markers, known from previous work as markers of personality factors in each medium. The Q-data consisted of A and B forms of the 16 P.F. The L-data was gathered according the six principles considered essential to sound rating, e.g., no fewer than eight peer raters for each subject. The reliabilities (equivalence coefficient) were about equally good for the two media. Factor analysis revealed 23 factors - the number now commonly recognized in the normal personality sphere. At the unique resolution position of maximum simple structure, the congruence coefficients of (a) L variable loading patterns with previous L-factoring, (b) Q markers with previous Q-factorings, and (c) both kinds of markers with the only available previous Q-L factoring, were highly significant, showing that each of at least the largest sixteen primary source traits has simultaneous, matched expression extending across Q and L media. The possibility that some of the remaining and unidentified seven factors are pure instrument factors is discussed.
ROTOPLOT II: A program for visually guided graphical rotation with Procrustes and congruence coefficients
Authors: Burdsal Charles A.
Published: May 2024

An improved version of ROTOPLOT, ROTOPLOT II, was presented in this article. ROTOPLOT described a computer assisted strategy enable one to perform visually guided graphical rotations upon pairwise combinations of factors. ROTOPLOT II, expanded upon this routine by adding the options of Procrustes and the derivation of congruence coefficients. Step by step instructions for use of the strategy were included, and a source for the computer program was discussed, as were its uses and limitations.
The practicality of an orthogonal confactor rotation for the approximate resolution of oblique factors
Authors: Cattell Raymond B. , Brennan Jerry
Published: May 2024

The confactor rotational solution for the orthogonal case was estimated for possible use as an approximation to the more general oblique case. Two plasmodes were designed: one with seven variables and three factors and the other using 16 variables and six factors. In both plasmodes good rotational solutions were found when relatively small and moderate correlations existed among the factors. The Confactor rotational solutions for the orthogonal case was found to be a good approximation for the oblique case when the two parallel sets of data have the same correlations.
Perencanaan Pendidikan Boarding School Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Lulusan Santri Wati Di Dayah Bustanul Muallimin Al Munawwarah Putri
Authors: Abdullah Amiruddin , Musbani Musbani , Mirnani  , Saldiani Saldiani
Published: May 2024

Dayah sebagai lembaga pendidikan seharusnya dapat menjadi sarana efektif bagi santri untuk pertumbuhan dan pengarahan potensinya dalam IMTAQ dan IPTEK agar mampu melahirkan mutu lulusan yang baik. Untuk mewujudkan tujuan tersebut dibutuhkan suatu lembaga yang mampu menciptakan sebuah kondisi tempat pendidikan yang didalamnya terdapat dua model pembelajaran yaitu sekolah dan belajar mengaji (Boarding School). Oleh karena itu penulis tertarik untuk mengkaji proses perencanaan pendidikan dalam meningkatkan mutu lulusan santriwati bersistem boarding school di Dayah Bustanul Muallimin Al-Munawwarah Putri dan apa saja hambatan dalam menerapkan perencanaan pendidikan dalam meningkatkan mutu lulusan santriwati boarding school. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian kualitatif. Sedangkan pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumen. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Penerapan  perencanaan pendidikan boarding school dalam meningkatkan mutu lulusan santri di Dayah Bustanul Muallimin Al-Munawwarah Putri sudah berjalan dengan baik, hal ini dilakukan dengan 3 cara yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan pengawasan. Adapun proses perencanaan dalam meningkatkan mutu lulusan sudah berjalan dengan baik.
Strategi Guru Dayah Darutthalibin Al-Aziziyah Dalam Membentuk Kepribadian Santri
Authors: Murdani Murdani
Published: May 2024

Kepribadian seseorang bukan terjadi sendiri, melaikan terbentuk melalui proses kehidupan yang panjang. Oleh karena itu banyak faktor yang ikut dalam upaya  membentuk kepribadian tersebut, seperti faktor lingkungan keluarga, lingkungan masyarakat, sekolah dan juga lembaga pendidikan dayah. Di lingkungan dayah guru sebagai pendidik memiliki tugas yang amat besar sekali terhadap perkembangan kepribadiannya dan juga suri tauladan bagi anak didiknya, peelitia ini mengkaji tentang strategi guru dayah Daruthalibin dalam membentuk kepribadian  serta faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam membentuk kepribadian santri di Dayah Daruthalibin Al Aziziyah. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian dengan jenis penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan fenomenologis. Hasil penelitian Menunjukkan strategi guru Dayah Daruthalibin Al Aziziyah dalam membentuk kepribadian santri adalah pertama dengan penanaman nilai pendidikan Islam melalui kegiatan-kegiatan peringatan hari besar Islam yang bertujuan untuk melatih dan membiasakan santri agar terbentuk kepribadian yang baik dan memiliki rasa tanggung jawab terhadap tugas yang dibebankan kepadanya. Kedua pembentukan kerohanian yang luhur untuk hidup yang siling membutuhkan sesama manusia dan makhluk Allah. Ketiga pembinaan santri lewat pengajian dengan penanaman nilai ke Islaman yang menyangkut hubungan manusia dengan Allah dan hubungan dengan manusia sesamanya. Adapun faktor pendukungnya adalah adanya kultur keagamaan yang baik, materi pengajian yang beragam dan sistem pendidikan dayah yang mengutamakan akhlakul karimah. Sedangkan faktor penghambat adalah kurangnya pemahaman santri tentang materi pendidikan agama Islam, kurangnya perhatian guru dalam menggantikan kelas yang guru lagi berhalangan, lingkungan tempat tinggal dan pergaulan yang kurang mendukung, dan kurangnya kesadaran orang tua akan peran pentingnya dalam turut serta mengontrol aktivitas anak.
CSIMQ Anniversary Editor-in-Chief Thoughts and Editorial Introduction to Issue 38: Model-based and Decision Support Methods for Next-generation Information Systems
Authors:   KTH Stockholm, Sweden, Flodström Anders , Buchmann Robert Andrei ,   University Babeș-Bolyai, str. T. Mihali 58-60, Cluj Napoca, 400591, Romania, Morichetta Andrea ,   University of Camerino, Via Madonna Delle Carceri 7, Camerino, 62032, Italy
Published: May 2024

CSIMQ enters its second decade of existence, therefore the preface for the current issue starts with a message from the Editor-in-Chief, highlighting the journal’s mission of dealing with complexity management and systems modeling as meta-fields that have emerged from Information Science but remain relevant across diverse domains. Afterwards, the 38th issue is introduced by summarizing the four articles selected by guest issue editors on topics related to novel decision support methods or model-based frameworks for evolving or evaluating information systems. Design-oriented research is the dominant approach in these works, balancing technical design decisions insights with empirical evaluation cases. Three of the selected articles contribute with decision-support methods or frameworks – for ESG (Environment-Social-Governance) accounting, for democratized decision services and for information security management. Another article revisits UML-based model-driven software development from a new perspective.
Enable Flexibilisation in FAIRWork’s Democratic AI-based Decision Support System by Applying Conceptual Models Using ADOxx
Authors:   BOC Products and Services AG, Operngasse 20b, 1040 Wien, Austria, Woitsch Robert , Muck Christian ,   OMiLAB gGmbH, Lützowufer 1, 10785 Berlin, Germany, Utz Wilfrid ,   OMiLAB gGmbH, Lützowufer 1, 10785 Berlin, Germany, Zeiner Herwig ,   JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Steyrergasse 17, 8010 Graz, Austria
Published: May 2024

Decision-making in complex production environments is challenging as the information and knowledge requirements must be constantly observed since the ecosystems they operate in are continuously changing. Artificial intelligence (AI) can tackle complexity in decision-making by making machines more intelligent. But reacting to changing or new problems and related decision processes to facilitate the understanding of the involved humans is an equally important problem. Therefore, decision support systems are required to assist complex decisions and enable flexibility to support the decision-makers. Within this scope, we will introduce the Democratic AI-based Decision Support System (DAI-DSS), which is designed and implemented within the EU-funded FAIRWork project, considering both human and machine actors during decision-making. The FAIRWork project proposes a model-based approach to both express high-level decision scenarios and formally describe the decision processes, which are then used as input for configuring the decision support system to meet concrete decision problems.
Rheological Assessment of Liquids Offered in Paediatric Videofluoroscopy Swallowing Study
Authors: Hernandez Ana Maria , Berto Maria Isabel , Bianchini Esther
Published: May 2024

Regarding neonates and infants, the videofluoroscopy swallowing study is always conducted with liquids impregnated with a radiopaque material in varied proportions and thickenings. Variations in thickening and barium concentration are known to change the swallowing function. The present study aimed to analyze the rheological and macroscopic properties of barium contrast and liquids commonly used in Brazil with infants under six months old. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee under certificate number 63361616.2.0000.5482. Rheological measurements were performed on samples of breast milk and infant formulas, pure, with thickener, impregnated with liquid barium sulfate, as well as a pure barium sulfate sample. The data collected showed similar viscosity rates between breast milk and the infant formulas Aptamil and Enfamil. Impregnating them with 20% and 33% liquid barium sulfate increased their viscosity. However, they remained in the same classification, despite the quantitative differences in their apparent viscosity. The regular products, in formulation with thickener and thickener plus 20% barium, showed an increase in apparent viscosity close or twice to that of Enfamil A.R. impregnated with 33% barium sulfate. The study allowed a more in-depth understanding of how the products behave at strain rates consistent with the conditions when swallowing. The results indicated in this study confirm the need for knowledge and care in preparing liquids to be offered in videofluoroscopy swallowing studies with neonates and infants. They also emphasize the importance of objectively measuring the viscosities of videofluoroscopic fluids, matching them with the liquids to be prescribed in their diets.
Meat substitutes in Media Discourse
Authors: Guo Wenxuan
Published: May 2024

Shifting from meat consumption is critical for future dietary evolution. Mainstream newspapers and social media are the leading platforms for expressing this opinion. By analysing the media discourse, the proponents of the shift from meat, to plant-based meat and cultured meat were identified. The objectives were: a) to identify themes, word frequencies, and sentiment related to meat substitutes, b) to determine Chinese perceptions of the two meat substitutes, and c) to determine which food functions are of concern to Chinese consumers. Between July 2016 and July 2022, the researcher gathered data from People’s Daily and China Daily online outlets and user comments. 574 news articles and 2,345 online comments were extracted. Three techniques were applied: sentiment analysis, thematic analysis, and word cloud analysis. The results revealed that newspapers reported positively on meat substitutes, yet user comments showed negative public perception. Chinese people held positive attitudes toward plant-based meat and negative attitudes toward cultured meat. Thus, the insights from the media discourse provided valuable indicators for stakeholders to develop sustainable food education and consumption strategies.
Quality Attributes of Ultrasound-Treated Prebiotic Fibre-Enriched Strawberry Juice
Authors: Nisa Mehr Un , Alvarez Valente B. , Khan Muhammad K. I.
Published: May 2024

Strawberries are amongst the most desirable fruits with a rich flavour, appealing taste, high fibre content and many other health benefits. Diets rich in dietary fibre provide many health benefits. In the present work, strawberry juice was prepared in two batches, one with preservative sodium benzoate (treated) and another without (untreated). Prebiotic fibre i.e., apple pomace was added to both batches in concentrations of 5%, 8%, and 11%. Dietary fibre in both batches was analysed by enzymatic-gravimetric method. The additional analyses included pH, acidity, total soluble solids (TSS), colour, total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant, ascorbic acid, anthocyanin, microbial and sensory parameters. Dietary fibre was increased significantly in all the treatments as well as TS, while pH and acidity were not affected. Ascorbic acid, anthocyanin, antioxidant, total phenolic content, and sensory analysis of treatment 2 (T2, 8% treated) showed the best results. The microbial load on the other hand increased more in the untreated batch. The T2 treatment of both the batches was given ultrasound treatment. The sonication temperature (20 oC), frequency (20 kHz), and power (650 W) were kept the same, and the time was varied (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes). Dietary fibre showed a slight increase as fibre became more soluble by cavitation in sonication while pH acidity and TSS were not significantly affected. Anthocyanin increased, but only at lower sonication times. Antioxidants, total phenols, and colour and sensory parameters were significantly improved with sonication time. Similarly, the microbial load was reduced significantly.
Changes in the Recovery Efficiency, Nutritional and Safety Quality of Dried Sergestid Shrimp (Acetes species) during Commercial Production
Authors: Vu Ngoc Duc , Nguyen Nguyen Hong Khoi , Tran Thanh Truc , Long Tran Bach , Tan Lam Van , Nhi Tran Thi Yen
Published: May 2024

The sun-dried method is popular for producing dried Sergestid shrimp in Vietnam, but maintaining consistent product quality across seasons is challenging due to its dependence on weather conditions. A previous study used convection drying at a laboratory scale. In this study, the laboratory scale was upgraded to a commercial scale, and recovery efficiency and Sergestid shrimp images were recorded during production stages. Parameters were adjusted for economic efficiency and convenience. Results showed a decrease in recovery efficiency on the laboratory scale, while the commercial scale improved with washing and blanching. Overall, there was no significant difference in recovery efficiency between the commercial production (15.76 %) and laboratory scale (16.29 %). The commercial-scale dried Sergestid shrimp exhibited better colour than the laboratory-scale product. The product met food safety and quality criteria according to Vietnamese standards. Microorganisms such as Coliforms, E. coli, B. cereus, C. perfringens and salmonella, and total number of yeast and mold spores, were not detected in the product. On the other hand, the product of commercial production contained 256 kcal 100 g−1 of energy and a protein content of 55.50 ± 0.33 %. These findings form a foundation for scaling up production and assessing economic feasibility. Adjusting production parameters using larger equipment contributes to achieving optimal production efficiency and economic benefits.
Development of Shelf Life for Labaneh Using Protective Cultures of L. paracasei and Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii
Authors: Haddad Moawiya , Bani-Hani Nabeel
Published: May 2024

Labaneh (strained yogurt) is a traditional dairy product. It is usually produced without chemical preservatives as Jordanian standards for this product prevent their addition. Its shelf life is limited to two weeks. This research aims to develop the shelf life of labaneh using eco-friendly methods, via the addition of protective probiotic cultures. Protective probiotic cultures were prepared by activating DVI freeze-dried Propionibacterium freuendereichii, subsp. shermanii and Lactobacillus paracasei in sterilized skim milk. Fifty kg of fresh milk was divided into two portions, the first containing the traditional yogurt starter culture (2%) and the second processed by adding both the starter (2%) and protective probiotic cultures (1%). After fermentation, two types of yogurts were produced, and refrigerated for several hours. They were then salted, strained separately to about 25% total solids in a special cloth to produce labaneh paste. The paste was then distributed into two groups of sterilized jars (21 for each) and placed in refrigerated storage. Both types of labaneh (traditional and developed) were evaluated at different time intervals of refrigerated storage (0, 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, 30 days) for their counts of coliform bacteria, yeast and mould, and lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and for their pH, ash, acidity, moisture, protein, fat and titratable acidity. The probiotic count was also evaluated for the developed labaneh. The shelf life of the developed labaneh was determined based on the acidity, yeast and mould counts and organoleptic characteristics. No obvious and significant undesirable changes were seen at 30 days of refrigeration or went beyond the Jordanian standard for the developed labaneh, compared to the traditional one which started to spoil after 14 days. No coliform bacteria were found after 30 days of refrigerated storage in the traditional and developed labanehs. The counts of yeast and mould were generally higher in the traditional labaneh than in the developed one, while the number of LAB was lower in the traditional labaneh than in the developed one. The pH and moisture of the developed labaneh were generally lower than that of the traditional labaneh, but the titratable acidity, ash, protein and fat were higher in the developed one. Regarding the sensory properties, most of the panelists organoleptically preferred the developed one during the storage period. Therefore, it is concluded that the protective probiotic cultures were effective in extending the shelf life of labaneh.
Spindle assembly checkpoint-dependent mitotic delay is required for cell division in absence of centrosomes
Authors: Farrell KC , Wang Jennifer T. , Stearns Tim
Published: May 2024

The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) temporally regulates mitosis by preventing progression from metaphase to anaphase until all chromosomes are correctly attached to the mitotic spindle. Centrosomes refine the spatial organization of the mitotic spindle at the spindle poles. However, centrosome loss leads to elongated mitosis, suggesting that centrosomes also inform the temporal organization of mitosis in mammalian cells. Here we find that the mitotic delay in acentrosomal cells is enforced by the SAC in a MPS1-dependent manner, and that a SAC-dependent mitotic delay is required for bipolar cell division to occur in acentrosomal cells. Although acentrosomal cells become polyploid, polyploidy is not sufficient to cause dependency on a SAC-mediated delay to complete cell division. Rather, the division failure in absence of MPS1 activity results from mitotic exit occurring before acentrosomal spindles can become bipolar. Furthermore, prevention of centrosome separation suffices to make cell division reliant on a SAC-dependent mitotic delay. Thus, centrosomes and their definition of two spindle poles early in mitosis provide a “timely two-ness” that allows cell division to occur in absence of a SAC-dependent mitotic delay.
Anti-inflammatory therapy with nebulised dornase alfa for severe COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Porter Joanna C. , Inshaw Jamie , Solis Vincente Joel , Denneny Emma , Evans Rebecca , Temkin Mia I. , De Vasconcelos Nathalia , Aramburu Iker Valle , Hoving Dennis , Basire Donna , Crissell Tracey , Guinto Jesusa , Webb Alison , Esmail Hanif , Johnston Victoria , Last Anna , Rampling Thomas , Helbig Elisa Theresa , Lippert Lena , Kurth Florian , Williams Bryan , Flynn Aiden , Lukey Pauline T , Birault Veronique , Papayannopoulos Venizelos
Published: May 2024

Cell-free (cf)-DNA, from cellular sources, including Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs), is found in the circulation of COVID-19 patients and may contribute to immune dysregulation. This study determined whether pulmonary administration of the endonuclease, dornase alfa, reduced systemic inflammation by degrading local and systemic cf-DNA.Eligible patients were randomized (3:1) to receive twice-daily nebulised dornase alfa in addition to best available care (BAC) or BAC alone for seven days or until discharge. A 2:1 ratio of matched contemporary controls (CC-BAC) provided additional comparators. The primary endpoint was improvement in C-reactive protein (CRP) over time, analysed using a repeated-measures mixed model, adjusted for baseline factors.Between June 2020-October 2021 we recruited 39 evaluable patients: 30 randomised to dornase alfa (R-BAC+DA); 9 randomised to BAC (R-BAC); with the addition of 60 CC-BAC participants. Dornase alfa was well tolerated and reduced CRP by 33% compared to combined BAC groups (T-BAC). Least squares (LS) mean post-dexamethasone CRP fell from 101.9mg/L to 23.23 mg/L in the BAC+ dornase alfa group versus a fall from 99.5mg/L to 34.82 mg/L in the T-BAC group at 7 days; P=0.01. This effect of dornase alfa on CRP was confirmed with subgroup and sensitivity analyses that mitigated potential biases associated with the use of the CC-BAC group. Dornase alfa increased the chance of live discharge by 63% (HR 1.63, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.61, P=0.03), increased lymphocyte counts (LS mean: 1.08 vs 0.87, P=0.02) and reduced circulating cf-DNA and the coagulopathy marker D-dimer (LS mean: 570.78 vs 1656.96 μg/mL, P=0.004).We provide proof-of-concept evidence that dornase alfa reduces pathogenic inflammation in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, suggesting that best available care can be improved by the inclusion of anti-inflammatory treatments that target damage-associated molecules.
Quantifying gliding forces of filamentous cyanobacteria by self-buckling
Authors: Kurjahn Maximilian , Deka Antaran , Girot Antoine , Abbaspour Leila , Klumpp Stefan , Lorenz Maike , Bäumchen Oliver , Karpitschka Stefan
Published: May 2024

Filamentous cyanobacteria are one of the oldest and today still most abundant lifeforms on earth, with manifold implications in ecology and economics. Their flexible filaments, often several hundred cells long, exhibit gliding motility in contact with solid surfaces. The underlying force generating mechanism is not yet understood. Here, we demonstrate that propulsion forces and friction coefficients are strongly coupled in the gliding motility of filamentous cyanobacteria. We directly measure their bending moduli using micropipette force sensors, and quantify propulsion and friction forces by analyzing their self-buckling behavior, complemented with analytical theory and simulations. The results indicate that slime extrusion unlikely generates the gliding forces, but support adhesion-based hypotheses, similar to the better-studied single-celled myxobacteria. The critical self-buckling lengths align well with the peaks of natural length distributions, indicating the importance of self-buckling for the organization of their collective in natural and artificial settings.
Botulinum toxin intoxication requires retrograde transport and membrane translocation at the ER in RenVM neurons
Authors: Yeo Jeremy C. , Tay Felicia P. , Bennion Rebecca , Loss Omar , Maignel Jacquie , Pons Laurent , Foster Keith , Beard Matthew , Bard Frederic
Published: May 2024

Botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) is a highly potent proteolytic toxin specific for neurons with numerous clinical and cosmetic uses. After uptake at the synapse, the protein is proposed to translocate from synaptic vesicles to cytosol through a self-formed channel. Surprisingly, we found that after intoxication proteolysis of a fluorescent reporter occurs in the neuron soma first and then centrifugally in neurites. To investigate the molecular mechanisms at play, we use a genome-wide siRNA screen in genetically engineered neurons and identify over three hundred genes. An organelle-specific split-mNG complementation indicates BoNT/A traffic from the synapse to the soma-localised Golgi in a retromer dependent fashion. The toxin then moves to the ER and appears to require the Sec61 complex for retro-translocation to the cytosol. Our study identifies genes and trafficking processes hijacked by BoNT/A, revealing a complex route for efficient intoxication that contradicts the currently accepted model of BonT intoxication.
ProteasomeID: quantitative mapping of proteasome interactomes and substrates for in vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: Bartolome Aleksandar , Heiby Julia C. , Fraia Domenico Di , Heinze Ivonne , Knaudt Hannah , Späth Ellen , Omrani Omid , Minetti Alberto , Hofmann Maleen , Kirkpatrick Joanna M. , Dau Therese , Ori Alessandro
Published: May 2024

Proteasomes are essential molecular machines responsible for the degradation of proteins in eukaryotic cells. Altered proteasome activity has been linked to neurodegeneration, auto-immune disorders and cancer. Despite the relevance for human disease and drug development, no method currently exists to monitor proteasome composition and interactions
in vivo
in animal models. To fill this gap, we developed a strategy based on tagging of proteasomes with promiscuous biotin ligases and generated a new mouse model enabling the quantification of proteasome interactions by mass spectrometry. We show that biotin ligases can be incorporated in fully assembled proteasomes without negative impact on their activity. We demonstrate the utility of our method by identifying novel proteasome-interacting proteins, charting interactomes across mouse organs, and showing that proximity-labeling enables the identification of both endogenous and small molecule-induced proteasome substrates.
Dual engagement of the nucleosomal acidic patches is essential for deposition of histone H2A.Z by SWR1C
Authors: Baier Alexander S. , Gioacchini Nathan , Eek Priit , Leith Erik M. , Tan Song , Peterson Craig L.
Published: May 2024

The SWR1C chromatin remodeling enzyme catalyzes the ATP-dependent exchange of nucleosomal histone H2A for the histone variant H2A.Z, a key variant involved in a multitude of nuclear functions. How the 14-subunit SWR1C engages the nucleosomal substrate remains largely unknown. Studies on the ISWI, CHD1, and SWI/SNF families of chromatin remodeling enzymes have demonstrated key roles for the nucleosomal acidic patch for remodeling activity, however a role for this nucleosomal epitope in nucleosome editing by SWR1C has not been tested. Here, we employ a variety of biochemical assays to demonstrate an essential role for the acidic patch in the H2A.Z exchange reaction. Utilizing asymmetrically assembled nucleosomes, we demonstrate that the acidic patches on each face of the nucleosome are required for SWR1C-mediated dimer exchange, suggesting SWR1C engages the nucleosome in a “pincer-like” conformation, engaging both patches simultaneously. Loss of a single acidic patch results in loss of high affinity nucleosome binding and nucleosomal stimulation of ATPase activity. We identify a conserved arginine-rich motif within the Swc5 subunit that binds the acidic patch and is key for dimer exchange activity. In addition, our cryoEM structure of a Swc5-nucleosome complex suggests that promoter proximal, histone H2B ubiquitinylation may regulate H2A.Z deposition. Together these findings provide new insights into how SWR1C engages its nucleosomal substrate to promote efficient H2A.Z deposition.
Knockout of cyclin dependent kinases 8 and 19 leads to depletion of cyclin C and suppresses spermatogenesis and male fertility in mice
Authors: Bruter Alexandra V , Varlamova Ekaterina A , Stavskaya Nina I , Antysheva Zoia G , Manskikh Vasily N , Tvorogova Anna V , Korshunova Diana. S , Khamidullina Alvina I , Utkina Marina V , Bogdanov Viktor P , Baikova Iuliia P , Nikiforova Alyona I , Albert Eugene A , Maksimov Denis O , Li Jing , Chen Mengqian , Schools Gary. P , Feoktistov Alexey V , Shtil Alexander A , Roninson Igor B , Mogila Vladislav A , Silaeva Yulia Y , Tatarskiy Victor V
Published: May 2024

Paralogs CDK8 and CDK19 are regulatory kinases associated with the transcriptional Mediator complex. We have e generated mice with the systemic inducible
Cdk8
knockout on the background of
Cdk19
constitutive knockout.
Cdk8/19
double knockout (iDKO) males, but not single
Cdk8
and
Cdk19
KO, had an atrophic reproductive system and were infertile. The iDKO males lacked postmeiotic spermatids and spermatocytes after meiosis I pachytene. Testosterone levels were decreased whereas the amounts of the luteinizing hormone were unchanged. Single cell RNA sequencing showed marked differences in the expression of steroidogenic genes (such as
Cyp17a1, Star
and
Fads
) in Leydig cells concomitant with alterations in Sertoli cells and spermatocytes likely associated with impaired synthesis of steroids.
Star
and
Fads
were also downregulated in cultivated Leydig cells after iDKO. The treatment of primary Leydig cells culture with a CDK8/19 inhibitor did not induce the same changes in gene expression as iDKO, and prolonged treatment of mice with a CDK8/19 inhibitor did not affect the size of testes. iDKO, in contrast to single knockouts or treatment with a CDK8/19 kinase inhibitor, led to depletion of cyclin C (CcnC), the binding partner of CDK8/19 that has been implicated in CDK8/19-independent functions. This suggests that the observed phenotype was likely mediated through kinase-independent activities of CDK8/19, such as CcnC stabilization.
Knockout of cyclin dependent kinases 8 and 19 leads to depletion of cyclin C and suppresses spermatogenesis and male fertility in mice
Authors: Bruter Alexandra V. , Varlamova Ekaterina A. , Stavskaya Nina I. , Antysheva Zoia G. , Manskikh Vasily N. , Tvorogova Anna V. , Korshunova D. S. , Khamidullina Alvina I. , Utkina Marina V. , Bogdanov Viktor P. , Nikiforova Alyona I. , Albert Eugene A. , Maksimov Denis O. , Li Jing , Chen Mengqian , Shtil Alexander A. , Roninson Igor B. , Mogila Vladislav A. , Silaeva Yulia Y. , Tatarskiy Victor V.
Published: May 2024

Paralogs CDK8 and CDK19 are regulatory kinases associated with the transcriptional Mediator complex. We have for the first time generated mice with the systemic inducible
Cdk8
knockout on the background of
Cdk19
constitutive knockout.
Cdk8/19
double knockout (DKO) males, but not single
Cdk8
and
Cdk19
KO, had an atrophic reproductive system and were infertile. The DKO males lacked postmeiotic spermatids and spermatocytes after meiosis I pachytene. Testosterone levels were decreased whereas the amounts of the luteinizing hormone were unchanged. Single cell RNA sequencing showed marked differences in the expression of steroidogenic genes (such as
Cyp17a1, Star
and
Fads
) in Leydig cells concomitant with alterations in Sertoli cells and spermatocytes likely associated with impaired synthesis of steroids.
Star
and
Fads
were also downregulated in cultivated Leydig cells after DKO. The treatment of primary Leydig cells culture with a CDK8/19 inhibitor did not induce the same changes in gene expression as DKO, and prolonged treatment of mice with a CDK8/19 inhibitor did not affect the size of testes. DKO, in contrast to single knockouts or treatment with a CDK8/19 kinase inhibitor, led to depletion of cyclin C (CcnC), the binding partner of CDK8/19 that has been implicated in CDK8/19-independent functions. This suggests that the observed phenotype was likely mediated through kinase-independent activities of CDK8/19, such as CcnC stabilization.
Endogenous oligomer formation underlies DVL2 condensates and promotes Wnt/β-catenin signaling
Authors: Ntourmas Senem , Sachs Martin , Brückner Martina , Behrens Jürgen , Bernkopf Dominic B.
Published: May 2024

Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway crucially depends on polymerization of dishevelled 2 (DVL2) into biomolecular condensates. However, given the low affinity of known DVL2 self-interaction sites and its low cellular concentration it is unclear how polymers can form. Here, we detect oligomeric DVL2 complexes at endogenous protein levels, using a biochemical ultracentrifugation assay. We identify a low-complexity region (LCR4) in the C-terminus whose deletion and fusion decreased and increased the complexes, respectively. Notably, LCR4-induced complexes correlated with the formation of microscopically visible multimeric condensates. Adjacent to LCR4, we mapped a conserved domain (CD2) promoting condensates only. Molecularly, LCR4 and CD2 mediated DVL2 self-interaction via aggregating residues and phenylalanine stickers, respectively. Point mutations inactivating these interaction sites impaired Wnt pathway activation by DVL2. Our study discovers DVL2 complexes with functional importance for Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Moreover, we provide evidence that DVL2 condensates form in two steps by pre-oligomerization via high-affinity interaction sites, such as LCR4, and subsequent condensation via low-affinity interaction sites, such as CD2.
The actomyosin system is essential for the integrity of the endosomal system in bloodstream form Trypanosoma brucei
Authors: Link Fabian , Jung Sisco , Malzer Xenia , Zierhut Felix , Konle Antonia , Borges Alyssa , Batters Christopher , Weiland Monika , Pöllmann Mara , Nguyen An Binh , Kullmann Johannes , Veigel Claudia , Engstler Markus , Morriswood Brooke
Published: May 2024

The actin cytoskeleton is a ubiquitous feature of eukaryotic cells, yet its complexity varies across different taxa. In the parasitic protist
Trypanosoma brucei
, a rudimentary actomyosin system consisting of one actin gene and two myosin genes has been retained despite significant investment in the microtubule cytoskeleton. The functions of this highly simplified actomyosin system remain unclear, but appear to centre on the endomembrane system. Here, advanced light and electron microscopy imaging techniques together with biochemical and biophysical assays were used to explore the relationship between the actomyosin and endomembrane systems. The class I myosin (TbMyo1) had a large cytosolic pool and its ability to translocate actin filaments
in vitro
was shown here for the first time. TbMyo1 exhibited strong association with the endosomal system and was additionally found on glycosomes. At the endosomal membranes, TbMyo1 colocalised with markers for early and late endosomes (TbRab5A and TbRab7, respectively), but not with the marker associated with recycling endosomes (TbRab11). Actin and myosin were simultaneously visualised for the first time in trypanosomes using an anti-actin chromobody. Disruption of the actomyosin system using the actin-depolymerising drug latrunculin A resulted in a delocalisation of both the actin chromobody signal and an endosomal marker, and was accompanied by a specific loss of endosomal structure. This suggests that the actomyosin system is required for maintaining endosomal integrity in
T. brucei
.