bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conservation of crop genetic resources in Brazil in the context of the target 9 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation
Authors: Pádua Juliano Gomes
Published: December 2018

Abstract Cultivated species, on which humankind depends for survival, have been created by farmers that have crossed and selected wild plants and developed landraces. Early in 20th century, the theory of Centers of Origin of Cultivated Plants was proposed by Vavilov. He also warned the world about the loss of plant genetic diversity due to the dominance of a small number of genetically similar crops, a fact that help starting a movement for the conservation of plant genetic resources. From this time, several strategies and institutions were established around the world to act in plant genetic resources (PGR) conservation. In Brazil, a remarkable player in PGR conservation, some institutions conserve several crop species as well as their wild relatives and other socio-economically valuable plant species. In this paper we present the status of PGR conservation in Brazil as well as initiatives and laws aiming at respecting, preserving and maintaining associated indigenous and local knowledge, in the context of the target 9 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation.
Combretaceae no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil
Authors: Sousa Valdeci Fontes de , Ribeiro Rayane de Tasso Moreira , Loiola Maria Iracema Bezerra , Versieux Leonardo M.
Published: December 2018

Resumo Aqui se apresenta a Flora de Combretaceae do Rio Grande do Norte, Nordeste do Brasil, com base na análise comparativa dos caracteres morfológicos de espécimes depositados nos herbários ASE, EAC, FUEL, HEPH, HST, HUEFS, IPA, JPB, MAC, MBM, MOSS, NY, UEC e UFRN, bibliografias especializadas e fotos de coleções-tipo. Para o Rio Grande do Norte são registradas 12 espécies em cinco gêneros: Buchenavia (1 sp.), Combretum (7 spp.), Conocarpus (1 sp.), Laguncularia (1 sp.) e Terminalia (2 spp.). Combretum duarteanum Cambess., C. fruticosum, T. mameluco são novos registros para o estado e Terminalia cf. amazonia poderá ser confirmada como tal, a partir de coleta de espécimes completos. Chaves de identificação para gêneros e espécies, descrições, dados de distribuição geográfica, comentários taxonômicos e ilustrações das espécies são fornecidos.
Germinação, desenvolvimento inicial e morfoanatomia de cactáceas epifíticas
Authors: Cury Raquel Kremer , Randi Aurea Maria , Santos Marisa
Published: December 2018

Resumo Cactáceas epífitas com potencial ornamental são encontradas na Mata Atlântica brasileira. As diferenças no processo de germinação e desenvolvimento inicial, entre espécies vegetais são de interesse na produção e estabelecimento de mudas. Este estudo teve por objetivo investigar a germinação e o desenvolvimento pós-seminal in vitro, em água e ágar, e a morfoanatomia do caule de indivíduos adultos, crescendo no ambiente natural de Rhipsalis neves-armondii, Rhipsalis teres e Lepismium cruciforme, ocorrentes em Santa Catarina. Análises do crescimento e desenvolvimento foram determinadas por medidas de comprimento, massa seca, teor de clorofilas e carotenóides. Análises anatômicas do hipocótilo e caule foram obtidas por secções transversais e paradérmicas utilizando técnicas clássicas. O desenvolvimento de plântulas, em água e ágar, indicou ser indispensável a incrementação de nutrientes, pois as substâncias de reserva foram exauridas até os 60 dias de cultivo. Em ágar, as sementes de R. neves-armondii não germinaram. Características anatômicas do hipocótilo das plântulas, bem como do caule dos indivíduos adultos, de R. teres e L. cruciforme foram similares. Cutícula espessa e parênquima aquífero constatados no hipocótilo e nos caules são características xéricas, importantes para economia hídrica destas epífitas que são protegidas da irradiação solar pelo forófito, mas com limitação de disponibilidade água.
Caracterização e história biogeográfica dos ecossistemas secos neotropicais
Authors: Lima Natácia Evangelista de , Carvalho Alexandre Assis , Lima-Ribeiro Matheus Souza , Manfrin Maura Helena
Published: December 2018

Resumo A região Neotropical, detentora da maior riqueza de espécies no globo, ocorre do México Central ao sul do Brasil. Neste trabalho, buscamos sumarizar as principais informações disponíveis na literatura que caracterizam os biomas neotropicais de Florestas Sazonalmente Seca (FTSS), Chaco e Savanas. Revisamos hipóteses biogeográficas concernentes a esses ambientes que buscam explicar sua dinâmica histórica. Nosso objetivo é oferecer uma caracterização desses biomas como etapa principal para o entendimento das principais hipóteses biogeográficas a eles associadas. Ainda que comporte como um cenário atraente para pesquisa, as espécies neotropicais são pouco estudas, sendo questões referentes a seus aspectos ecológicos, origem, história evolutiva e manutenção da elevada biodiversidade desconhecidas ou, ainda, pouco compreendidas. Embora, nossa revisão apresente pesquisas com diferentes pontos de vista quanto à dinâmica biogeográfica das formações vegetais, há consenso de que é produto de complexa interação entre os processos históricos, ecológicos e biológicos. Os estudos em biodiversidade de regiões ameaçadas, como os Neotrópicos, são norteadores para simulações e previsões de impactos, planos e estratégias de pesquisa.
Foliar spraying with bacterial biocontrol agents for the control of common bacterial blight of bean
Authors: Sangiogo Maurício , Rodriguez Daniela Pimentel , Moccellin Renata , Bermudez Johan Manuel Murcia , Corrêa Bianca Obes , Moura Andrea Bittencourt
Published: December 2018

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of foliar spraying with bacterial biocontrol agents (BBAs) on the control of common bacterial blight (CBB) of bean, and on the induction of systemic resistance in bean plants. CBB control by BBAs was evaluated by spraying bean leaves 48 and 24 hours before and after pathogen inoculation (BPI and API, respectively), with: DFs93, Bacillus cereus; DFs513, Pseudomonas veronii; DFs769, B. cereus; the C01 combination, DFs93 + DFs769 + DFs831 (Pseudomonas fluorescens); the C03 combination, DFs348 (Bacillus sp.) + DFs769 + DFs831; and water (control). Systemic effects were analyzed after spraying DFs513, DFs769, C03, and water 72 and 48 hours BPI. Phaseolin production induced by DFs348, DFs513, DFs769, DFs831, and water was also assessed. DFs513, DFs769, and C03 significantly reduced disease incidence (area under disease progress curve), regardless of spraying time and disease severity when sprayed 72 and 48 hours BPI. The DFs769 and DFs831 isolates induced the accumulation of phytoalexin (phaseolin). Therefore, DFs513, DFs769, and C03 show potential for the biocontrol of CBB when applied preventively on bean leaves, besides inducing systemic resistance.
Avaliação de processo adsortivo utilizando mesocarpo de coco verde para remoção do corante azul de metileno
Authors: Oliveira Fabiano Mendonça de , Coelho Luciana Melo , Melo Edmar Isaías de
Published: December 2018

RESUMO Os resíduos agroindustriais são materiais alternativos e de baixo custo, uma vez que quantidades consideráveis destes são descartadas no ambiente, com potencial uso como materiais adsorventes na remoção de poluentes, por exemplo. Nesse sentido, este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a utilização da fibra de coco verde, como adsorvente na remoção do corante azul de metileno em meio aquoso. O corante azul de metileno é muito utilizado pela indústria têxtil e encontra-se presente em seus efluentes podendo contaminar o ambiente. A fibra de coco verde foi tratada com HCl, NaOH e hexano. Os parâmetros avaliados foram pH, tempo de agitação, mecanismo cinético e equilíbrio de adsorção. Os dados cinéticos foram ajustados aos modelos de Pseudo primeira ordem, Pseudo segunda ordem, Difusão intrapartícula e Quimissorção, resultando como o mais adequado para o processo o modelo de Pseudo segunda ordem. As isotermas de adsorção foram delineadas aos modelos de Langmuir e Freundlich, sendo este último o que apresentou melhor ajuste para os dados experimentais obtidos. A capacidade máxima adsortiva foi verificada, sendo o tratamento com HCl (0,1 mol L-1) aquele que proporcionou aumento significativo na capacidade adsortiva máxima (166,7 mg g-1) da fibra de coco verde quando comparada a fibra de coco in natura e aos demais tratamentos. Os resultados mostraram que a fibra de coco verde, tratada com ácido clorídrico, pode ser utilizada como material adsorvente na remediação de poluentes orgânicos, como corantes catiônicos em efluentes líquidos.
Biodegradation in simulated soil of HDPE/pro-oxidant/rice husk composites: application in agricultural tubes
Authors: Costa Cristiano Cunha , Andrade George Ricardo Santana , Almeida Luís Eduardo
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT The use of agricultural waste, such as rice husk (RH), for the production of cheap and eco-friendly polymer composites has emerged as a promising field of interest. The aim of this work was the preparation of highdensity polyethylene (HDPE)-based composites reinforced with rice husk and an organic pro-oxidant (EG15) for the production of seedlings tubes. Photodegradation and degradation tests in simulated soil were performed for 90 and 180 days in order to study the decomposition of these composites. The SEM and OM images suggest that degradation of the composites samples was more extensive than the pure HDPE samples, probably because the composites present intense light absorption in the UV range, facilitating the degradation process even before biodegradation begins. In addition, after introducing RH particles in the polymeric matrix, the mechanical tensile and flexural properties, experienced significant changes, suggesting that the RH particles were homogeneously dispersed throughout the polymer matrix. Finally, the results have demonstrated that HDPE, RH, and EG15 are attractive materials for the design of polymeric composites for the production of seedlings tubes with excellent mechanical properties, being also easily decomposed in the environment once discarded.
Propriedades mecânicas e térmicas das blendas e nanocompósitos de UHMWPE/LLDPE/CNT para aplicação balística
Authors: Couto Carlos Alberto de Oliveira , Silva Bruna Cristina da , Backes Eduardo Henrique , Passador Fábio Roberto
Published: December 2018

RESUMO O desenvolvimento de placas do nanocompósito de UHMWPE/LLDPE/CNT tem como objetivo a obtenção de um material para aplicação em blindagem balística híbrida de alto impacto em forma de multicamadas de cerâmica/polímero. O compósito polimérico é utilizado na base da blindagem com a função de absorver a energia cinética residual do projétil e dos estilhaços da cerâmica após o impacto. Para atender a estes requisitos o compósito polimérico precisa ter alta tenacidade à fratura, alta resistência mecânica e deformação controlada. Uma deformação exagerada da placa polimérica pode causar lesões aos usuários de coletes balísticos de proteção pessoal, por exemplo. Neste trabalho foi realizada a mistura de polietileno linear de baixa densidade (LLDPE) com polietileno de ultra alta massa molecular (UHMWPE) utilizando um homogeneizador de alta rotação com posterior prensagem a quente com a finalidade de melhorar a mistura dos componentes fundidos e facilitar o processo de fabricação das placas poliméricas. Para compensar as perdas de propriedades mecânicas das blendas em relação ao UHMWPE puro foram produzidos compósitos com adição de 0,5; 1,0 e 2,0 % em massa de nanotubos de carbono funcionalizados com ácido nítrico. Os valores das propriedades mecânicas e térmicas dos compósitos foram comparados com as blendas poliméricas sem adição de nanotubos de carbono. As blendas poliméricas e nanocompósitos foram submetidos aos ensaios mecânicos de dureza Shore D e ensaio de tração uniaxial. Para avaliação da estabilidade térmica foram realizadas análises de calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC) e análise termogravimétrica (TGA), e para a avaliação morfológica dos nanocompósitos foi utilizado microscopia eletrônica de varredura (FEG-MEV).
Data-driven Conceptual Spaces: Creating Semantic Representations For Linguistic Descriptions Of Numerical Data
Authors: Banaee Hadi , Schaffernicht Erik , Loutfi Amy
Published: December 2018

There is an increasing need to derive semantics from real-world observations to facilitate natural information sharing between machine and human. Conceptual spaces theory is a possible approach and has been proposed as mid-level representation between symbolic and sub-symbolic representations, whereby concepts are represented in a geometrical space that is characterised by a number of quality dimensions. Currently, much of the work has demonstrated how conceptual spaces are created in a knowledge-driven manner, relying on prior knowledge to form concepts and identify quality dimensions. This paper presents a method to create semantic representations using data-driven conceptual spaces which are then used to derive linguistic descriptions of numerical data. Our contribution is a principled approach to automatically construct a conceptual space from a set of known observations wherein the quality dimensions and domains are not known a priori. This novelty of the approach is the ability to select and group semantic features to discriminate between concepts in a data-driven manner while preserving the semantic interpretation that is needed to infer linguistic descriptions for interaction with humans. Two data sets representing leaf images and time series signals are used to evaluate the method. An empirical evaluation for each case study assesses how well linguistic descriptions generated from the conceptual spaces identify unknown observations. Furthermore, comparisons are made with descriptions derived on alternative approaches for generating semantic models.
Survival among Veterans Obtaining Dialysis in VA and Non-VA Settings
Authors: Wang Virginia , Coffman Cynthia J. , Stechuchak Karen M. , Berkowitz Theodore S.Z. , Hebert Paul L. , Edelman David , O’Hare Ann M. , Crowley Susan T. , Weidenbacher Hollis J. , Maciejewski Matthew L.
Published: December 2018

Background

Outcomes of veterans with ESRD may differ depending on where they receive dialysis and who finances this care, but little is known about variation in outcomes across different dialysis settings and financial arrangements.

Methods

We examined survival among 27,241 Veterans Affairs (VA)–enrolled veterans who initiated chronic dialysis in 2008–2011 at (1) VA-based units, (2) community-based clinics through the Veterans Affairs Purchased Care program (VA-PC), (3) community-based clinics under Medicare, or (4) more than one of these settings (“dual” care). Using a Cox proportional hazards model, we compared all-cause mortality across dialysis settings during the 2-year period after dialysis initiation, adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics.

Results

Overall, 4% of patients received dialysis in VA, 11% under VA-PC, 67% under Medicare, and 18% in dual settings (nearly half receiving dual VA and VA-PC dialysis). Crude 2-year mortality was 25% for veterans receiving dialysis in the VA, 30% under VA-PC, 42% under Medicare, and 23% in dual settings. After adjustment, dialysis patients in VA or in dual settings had significantly lower 2-year mortality than those under Medicare; mortality did not differ in VA-PC and Medicare dialysis settings.

Conclusions

Mortality rates were highest for veterans receiving dialysis in Medicare or VA-PC settings and lowest for veterans receiving dialysis in the VA or dual settings. These findings inform institutional decisions about provision of dialysis for veterans. Further research identifying processes associated with improved survival for patients receiving VA-based dialysis may be useful in establishing best practices for outsourced veteran care.
The many faces of online community
Authors: Martinviita Annamari
Published: December 2018

This article discusses the meaning and function of “community” as a discourse on the image-sharing website Imgur. The analysis shows that the community term has many meanings and serves as a shorthand for a wide variety of social practices, and these meanings are shaped by the experiences of social action leading to the use of the term. Based on ethnographic data, nexus analysis provides an understanding of how the interactions related to community on the site come to take place the way they do. In conceiving of these interactions as mediated discourse, the article provides a fresh approach to the long-established academic discussion on the definition of community, suggesting a new conception of the community term as a boundary object, which takes on various meanings and functions as it is employed in social action. On Imgur, the community term is associated with an imagined connection to similar others, a shared culture, and the commitment to participation required by the intertextuality of the site content and the challenge of learning to read and create the content that is popular on the site.
Actualización del papel de las analogías verbales y su capacidad predictiva sobre la prueba final de la ESO
Authors: Pérez Bonet Gregorio
Published: December 2018

Con el presente trabajo se propone un formato nuevo de evaluación mediante analogías verbales con la prueba AN2.0. Se ha pilotado la prueba con alumnado de 4º de la ESO, N=74. Se obtiene un a de cronbach de .85. Así mismo muestra buenas correlaciones con DAT RV y DAT RN, así como con la prueba de final de etapa de la ESO de la Comunidad de Madrid, convirtiéndose en el mejor predictor de la misma. Se confirma, así, el gran peso asociativo de las analogías verbales con el rendimiento escolar incluso con variantes en el formato de respuesta, abriéndose de esta manera un nuevo campo a explorar.
An assessment of the physical demands of one-day cricket on provincial cricket players using global positioning system tracking software
Authors: Webster Z
Published: December 2018

on the improvement of skills during training sessions. However, there is a certain level of physical effort required to execute these skills optimally which tend to get little focused attention during training. This could lead to players being physically unprepared for the demands of a match.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the physical demands of a one-day cricket game and a training session of provincial cricket players, using GPS units.

Methods:The study employed a quantitative design as it essentially collected numerical data from GPS units to describe and analyze the physical demands of ODGs and cricket training sessions preceding these games.  

Results:There were significant differences across all sub-disciplines and movement categories during training and ODGs for provincial cricket players.
The Inherent Value of Disability in Higher Education
Authors: Ostiguy Benjamin J.
Published: December 2018

Evidence suggests that college students with disabilities (SWDs) continue to encounter attitudinal and physical barriers while institutions endeavor to offer reasonable supports—mainly in the form of accommodations and modifications. In practice, disability is largely treated as something external and ancillary, with most colleges administering measured allowances, but otherwise managing to avoid change. However, as we proceed into the 21st century, very little seems assured, least of all the status quo. Under the dominant neoliberal regime, virtually everything and everyone is valued in proportion with their perceived economic utility. No longer is higher education widely embraced as a public good. Instead, there is increased scrutiny of the academe with an eye for “value added”, and the returns students can expect with regard to careers and earning potential. Viewed through this narrow hegemonic lens, SWDs must assimilate or transcend their perceived impairments if they are to belong. In this commentary, I introduce key concepts from the environmental philosophy/theory of Deep Ecology to the scholarship of disability in higher education and assert that disability in academe has an “intrinsic value”, irrespective of expected economic utility. I conclude by discussing ways that the deep valuing of disability can lead to the identification of novel veins of inquiry, bolster critical analyses, and help facilitate meaningful change in uncertain times.
Nadie es perfecto: un análisis semántico discursivo dimensional de la crítica cinematográfica de Rufo Caballero
Authors: Cobos Castillo Yamila
Published: December 2018

Criticizing cinema has always been a historical temptation and not exactly the most encouraging one. Misunderstood by some, admired by others; Rufo Caballero's atypical and controversial opinion speech goes beyond the scope of a strictly academic film critique. The object of study of the following work is the critical evaluating subject of cinema as the modal ilocutive actant of the evaluative speech acts in the discourse on cinematographic criticism. Dimensional analysis has been used as a fundamental methodology to study the content of the value meaning of utterances and their constituents: speech acts. It is based on the semantic value analysis model developed by the group of Semantic and Semiotic Studies of the Foreign Language School of the University of Havana. In particular, this discourse of the evaluating subject Rufo Caballero unfolded as a critical film illocutionary agent is characterized by positive, ambiguous and negative axiological positions always framed in the aesthetic domain. The critical ilocutive subject is modeled in consonance with its functions, generally of aesthetic appreciation, from the relation with the focalized objects: the film, the performance, the dramaturgy, the styles of the filmmakers and also their assumed attitude as a critic.
THE WORLD CLASS UNIVERSITIES IN THE AMERICAN AND NATIONAL CONTEXT
Authors: Mariuts Ilona
Published: December 2018

The article highlights the features of creating World Class Universities. The experience of American universities has been studied according to the California University of Los Angeles. In comparison, in the article described the steps of the Ukrainian government and the universities in the direction of creating World Class Universities in the country.

The paper is devoted to the analyses of the World Class University concept as an optimal model of university in the context of modernity. The author stresses the important of conducting researches and successful internationalization as the criteria of effectiveness of academic activities. In addition, he observes university rankings as the instruments of comparison of university activities and the tools for achieving of the highest world standards in academic area.
Nuevos Castillos en el aire (AT1430): Lecturas y reescrituras del cuento de la lechera y algunas versiones del siglo XX
Authors: Gómez Rubio Gemma , Ortiz Ballesteros Antonia María
Published: December 2018

El trabajo parte de la idea de que los textos populares mantienen un diálogo intercultural que permite reconocer muestras base con diferentes variantes, adaptadas según los momentos y el espacio. A partir del cuento de la lechera, que recrea el motivo de castillos en el aire (AT1430), se realiza un repaso histórico-comparativo a las versiones hispánicas de la fábula conocidas hasta la actualidad, relacionándolas con producciones de otras culturas y, finalmente, se da cuenta de algunas reescrituras de los últimos años, particularmente de la literatura infantil y juvenil, que reinterpretan el motivo clásico.
Teste de pensamento crítico para estudantes dos ensinos básico e secundário || Critical thinking test for elementary and secondary students
Authors: Lopes José , Silva Helena , Morais Eva
Published: December 2018

A importância que o pensamento crítico tem na educação é apoiada por inúmeros trabalhos de investigação desde há décadas. Não existindo um teste de avaliação do pensamento crítico pensado e construído de raíz para ser utilizado em Portugal, o foco deste artigo é a apresentação de um teste de pensamento crítico (TPC) para adolescentes portugueses. Apresentamos o estudo exploratório de validação deste instrumento, administrado a 128 estudantes de ambos os sexos, com idades entre os 12 e os 19 anos, a frequentar escolas dos ensinos básico e secundário de estatuto socioeconómico baixo e alto. Estimou-se a validade de construto do instrumento constituído por nove itens mediante uma Análise Fatorial Exploratória (AFE), para avaliar a multidimensionalidade do TPC, verificando-se a existência de três fatores: Criação, argumentação e explicação, explicando 70.07% da variância total. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os anos de escolaridade e entre as escolas. Os resultados sugerem que o desenvolvimento de competências de pensamento crítico tem relação com o ano de escolaridade e o estatuto socioeconómico dos estudantes.
Instrumento para identificar la percepción de los estudiantes universitarios sobre emociones que los perturban || Instrument to identify the perception of university students about emotions that disturb them
Authors: Iglesias-Cortizas María Josefa , Ríos-deDeus María Paula , Rodicio-García María Luisa
Published: December 2018

El ser humano experimenta emociones desde su nacimiento hasta la muerte que determinan la autopercepción del mundo que le rodea permitiendo establecer relaciones personales y sociales. El mundo globalizado actual ha generado un aumento del individualismo de alta competitividad, donde las emociones y sentimientos son elementos negados, lo que produce un analfabetismo emocional y la incapacidad de expresar sentimientos y emociones. El objetivo de este estudio se centra en identificar la percepción emocional de 816 estudiantes universitarios que cursan titulaciones de Ciencias de la Educación e Ingeniería Informática de la Universidad de A Coruña, mediante un cuestionario elaborado ad hoc (EPeQue: Emotional Perception Questionnaire). Los resultados muestran que el reconocimiento de las emociones de envidia y celos se sitúa en un nivel superior de reconocimiento, seguido de la identificación de las emociones en los demás, la vergüenza/culpa, auto-reconocimiento de emociones, seguido de la alegría, el miedo, la rabia, la ira/enfado y la tristeza. Los datos aportados por esta investigación permiten abrir puertas a otros campos relacionados con las competencias emocionales personales, académicas y profesionales, contribuyendo a la plena integración de los estudiantes universitarios en la nueva forma de entender la enseñanza, como un proceso centrado en el estudiante.
Mitos del amor romántico en una muestra de futuros y futuras docentes || Romantic love myths in a sample of trainee teachers
Authors: Bonilla-Algovia Enrique , Rivas-Rivero Esther
Published: December 2018

El profesorado desempeña una importante labor en la prevención y eliminación de la desigualdad y la violencia de género, ya que la escuela es una de las principales influencias en la socialización diferencial de género. Es por esta razón que el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar y evaluar una variedad de creencias y mitos sobre el amor romántico en una muestra de futuros maestros de la Comunidad de Madrid (España). Se utilizó la versión reducida de la Escala de Mitos hacia el Amor y se analizaron las diferencias de género en las puntuaciones obtenidas. El cuestionario fue aplicado a 433 estudiantes (76.7% mujeres y 23.3% hombres) de grados y másteres relacionados con la docencia y el magisterio, con una edad media de 21.04 (DT = 3.83). Los resultados muestran que los mitos del amor romántico más aceptados son el mito de la pasión eterna, el mito de la omnipotencia y el mito de la media naranja. Además, hay diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre hombres y mujeres en la aceptación de mitos del amor romántico, lo que podría deberse a la socialización diferencial de género. Las creencias distorsionadas sobre el amor podrían justificar y favorecer la violencia de género, por lo que se hace necesario reformular el discurso romántico y fomentar la igualdad real desde todos ámbitos socializadores.
Estudio psicométrico y validación de un cuestionario para la evaluación del profesorado universitario de enseñanza a distancia || Psychometric study and validation of a questionnaire for the evaluation of online university lecturers
Authors: Cañadas Isabel , De la Cuétara Isabel
Published: December 2018

En este trabajo se presenta el estudio psicométrico del Cuestionario de Evaluación del Profesorado Universitario versión a Distancia (CEPU, versión D), cuya finalidad es evaluar la docencia de los profesores que ejercen su trabajo en la modalidad no presencial, sobre la base de las consideraciones previas del estudiante. El cuestionario ha sido construido utilizando una combinación de metodología cualitativa y cuantitativa. La novedad más relevante de esta escala es que se ha creado a partir de la opinión de los estudiantes sobre las cualidades que debe tener un profesor a distancia (online) para ser considerado un buen profesor. En anteriores trabajos hemos presentado el procedimiento empleado para construir la escala; en este trabajo presentamos el estudio psicométrico del cuestionario específico para tutores a distancia. La muestra se seleccionó mediante muestreo aleatorio por conglomerados, considerando como conglomerado el Campus. Se llevó a cabo un análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) y a continuación un análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC). Los resultados indican que el cuestionario tiene una alta fiabilidad y validez, lo que lo convierte en una herramienta de evaluación útil y relevante.
Alumnado rechazado por sus compañeros en Educación Infantil: prevalencia, diferencias de género y relación con problemas externalizados || Children rejected by their peers in Kindergarten education: Prevalence, gender, differences and association with externalizing problems
Authors: Suárez-García Zara , Álvarez-García David , Rodríguez Celestino
Published: December 2018

Una de las claves para un desarrollo psicosocial saludable es tener amigos y sentirse aceptado por las personas que para uno son significativas. Sin embargo, existe un porcentaje significativo de estudiantes que son rechazados por sus iguales, lo cual puede conllevar importantes consecuencias negativas para su bienestar y desarrollo. Las causas por las que un alumno puede ser rechazado son variadas. En este estudio se explora específicamente la relación entre agresividad y rechazo. El presente trabajo, por tanto, parte de dos objetivos. Por un lado, identificar el porcentaje de alumnado rechazado en una muestra de estudiantes de Segundo Ciclo de Educación Infantil. Por otro lado, comprobar si existen diferencias en relaciones sociales y problemas externalizados en función del tipo sociométrico. Para ello, se seleccionaron ocho aulas de segundo ciclo de Educación Infantil compuestas por 160 alumnos, entre los cuatro y los seis años de edad, de tres centros de Asturias (dos públicos y uno concertado). Además, en el estudio participaron las ocho maestras tutoras de los ocho grupos. Los instrumentos de recogida de información fueron un test sociométrico de nominaciones positivas y negativas, que se aplicó al alumnado; y una versión reducida de las Preschool and Kindergarten Behavior Scales cumplimentada por las tutoras. Los resultados muestran la existencia de un porcentaje significativo de alumnado rechazado. También muestran que el alumnado rechazado presenta más problemas externalizados y problemas de interacción social que sus compañeros más aceptados en el grupo. Se discuten las implicaciones prácticas de estos resultados.
Resenha do livro: Temas em Psicologia Educacional: Contribuições para a formação de professores || Review of the book: Topics in Educational Psychology: Contributions to teacher training
Authors: Antunes Ana P.
Published: December 2018

O livro apresenta-se com o objetivo de mostrar contributos da Psicologia da Educação à formação e à prática dos professores, pelo que, ao longo dos nove capítulos que o compõem, se encontram textos que permitem uma leitura atualizada, e contextualizada, de autores de referência, bem como capítulos sobre aspetos relacionados com a autorregulação, a afetividade e as relações interpessoais, tão frequentes na vivência quotidiana do contexto escolar.
Un acercamiento al acientífico Síndrome de Alienación Parental: repercusiones psicojurídicas y sociales || An approach to the unscientific Parental Alienation Syndrome: Psycho-legal and social repercussions
Authors: Padilla-Racero Dolores
Published: December 2018

Este trabajo pretende ofrecer al lector una crítica al denominado Síndrome de Alienación Parental (SAP). Se analiza en primer lugar el concepto, tal y como fue definido por su creador, Gardner, y se explica dicho significado dentro del contexto en que se desarrolló. Se señala cómo nunca se ha probado científicamente, y cómo ha sido rechazado por todas las organizaciones científicas (siendo una de ellas la American Psychological Association). Se expone cómo a pesar de ello, en muchos juzgados españoles su uso es habitual, lo que supone actuar fuera de un planteamiento científico, lo que a su vez implica también una desprotección de los menores, con graves consecuencias que también se ejemplifican. Por último, se efectúan recomendaciones para evitar esta situación, y especialmente se destaca la necesidad de que el sistema de Justicia conozca que las técnicas relacionadas con el SAP carecen de validez científica, y que la aplicación de teorías no científicas sobre las personas atenta contra el sentido del propio sistema de justicia.
Pruvost, Jean (2006): Les dictionnaires français, outils d’une langue et d’une culture, Paris, Ophrys, coll. «Essentiel français», 199 pages.
Authors: De Surmont Jean Nicolas
Published: December 2018

Reseña Pruvost, Jean (2006): Les dictionnaires français, outils d’une langue et d’une culture, Paris, Ophrys, coll. «Essentiel français», 199 pages.
Una aportación a un diccionario histórico de lenguajes de especialidad: el léxico metafórico de tres tratados arquitectónicos del Renacimiento español (1526-1582)
Authors: Freixas Margarita
Published: December 2018

Esta investigación es un estudio del léxico metafórico de tres tratados arquitectónicos del Renacimiento español: Las medidas del Romano (1526) de Diego de Sagredo, el romanceamiento del De architectura (s. I a. C.) de Vitruvio realizado por Miguel de Urrea (1582) y la traducción de Francisco de Lozano (1582) de Los diez libros de architectura de Leon Battista Alberti. Por un lado, se demuestra la influencia de la tradición grecolatina y humanística en la tratadística española del Renacimiento y el desarrollo de la terminología arquitectónica mediante procedimientos analógicos en las obras de Sagredo, Lozano y Urrea. Por otro, se analizan los términos metafóricos empleados por Sagredo, Lozano y Urrea según una tipología establecida a partir de las realidades evocadas: las partes del cuerpo humano y sus acciones, la naturaleza, los objetos y sus cualidades, y las formas geométricas.
La información gramatical en el Diccionario de arabismos de Diego de Guadix (1593)
Authors: Moreno Moreno María Águeda
Published: December 2018

El objetivo de este artículo es el estudio y descripción de los contenidos gramaticales que se encuentran en la obra lexicográfica de Diego de Guadix, Diccionario de arabismos (1593). Entendiendo por información gramatical la propia y adecuada de una obra de naturaleza lexicográfica. Su conocimiento particular permitirá dar un primer paso en la investigación general de conocer las formas y modos en los que la información gramatical ha sido incorporada a los corpus lexicográficos ofreciendo razón sistemática y formal de ella, bien de forma implícita, bien de forma directa.
Caracterización lingüística de los nombres de instrumentos de medida. Repercusiones lexicográficas
Authors: González Cobas Jacinto
Published: December 2018

La lexicografía actual insiste en la necesidad de establecer vínculos directos con la lingüística, para aprovechar los significativos avances alcanzados por esta en los últimos años. En este artículo se plantea cómo utilizar clasificaciones de índole gramatical para parcelar el léxico de un idioma y dar a los grupos resultantes de palabras un mismo tratamiento lexicográfico. También se presenta un método para aprovechar al máximo los datos procedentes de los corpus y del análisis de las fórmulas de definición utilizadas por los diccionarios más prestigiosos de un idioma.
Ignacio Ahumada, dir. y ed. (2009): Diccionario bibliográfico de la metalexicografía del español (años 2001-2005), Jaén, Universidad de Jaén.
Authors: Salas Quesada Pilar
Published: December 2018

Reseña de Ignacio Ahumada, dir. y ed. (2009): Diccionario bibliográfico de la metalexicografía del español (años 2001-2005), Jaén, Universidad de Jaén.
Wasting in Chronic Kidney Disease – a Complex Issue
Authors: Slee Adrian D , Reid Joanne
Published: December 2018

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a global health burden and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In particular, wasting is highly prevalent in later stages of the illness with muscle loss being a common problem. The aetiology and progression of this wasting is complex and multiple states have been identified linked to wasting in CKD. These include: ‘malnutrition’, ‘disease‐related malnutrition’, ‘protein‐energy wasting’, ‘cachexia’, ‘sarcopenia’, ‘frailty’ and ‘muscle wasting‘. The purpose of this paper is to review these terms in the context of CKD. Common features include weight loss, loss of muscle mass and muscle function principally driven by CKD disease specific factors and inflammatory mediators. Disease‐related malnutrition would appear to be a more appropriate term for CKD than malnutrition as it take in to consideration disease specific factors such as inflammation for example. Frailty is commonly associated with age‐related decline in physiological function. Development of novel screening tools measuring across multiple domains of nutritional status, muscle and physical function may be useful in CKD. Research into potential treatments are currently underway with focus on multi‐modal therapies including nutrition, resistance training and anabolic drugs such as myostatin blockade and selective androgen receptor modulators. A better understanding of different states and terms may help guide assessment and treatment opportunities for patients.
A study of quality of life and economic dependency in physically disabled population in a rural area
Authors: Thirumalai Kumar P. R.
Published: December 2018

Background: Human life is enriched by mechanical, recreational and innovative activities performed by an individual. Disability is a complex phenomenon, reflecting the interaction between features of a person’s body and the society in which he or she lives. Quality of life is defined by a subjective evaluation of the life circumstances of an individual with respect to his/her values. The objective of the study was to study the prevalence of physical disability and their economic dependence and quality of life in Orathur rural population.Methods: Data was collected by house to house survey of rural population, Orathur, Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu through pre structured questionnaire and clinical examination .The tools used include interview schedule and sickness impact profile (SIP) scale with modification. Data was analyzed statistically.Results: A total of 4508 population were surveyed in this study to find out the prevalence of disability and burden of disability. Totally 308 physically disabled persons were identified (6.8% prevalence rate). It was found that visual disability was most common disability. Economic dependency and impact on quality of life was found to be more in visual disability than other types of disability. Information on extent of impact of disabilities is required to formulate future policies aiming at improving quality of life of disabled people and making them economically independent.Conclusions: Visual disability was the most prevalent disability in the present study and Cataract being the leading cause. Vocational rehabilitation measures specifically for rural disabled people should be initiated by government and non governmental agencies to improve the economic status.
Clinical experience of thyroglossal cyst management
Authors: Naveen Kumar A. G.
Published: December 2018

Background: Thyroglossal cyst is a cystic swelling arising from embryological remnant of thyroglossal cyst. Cyst is typically located in the midline of the anterior neck and moves upward with tongue protrusion. The gold standard management for thyroglossal cyst is the Sistrunk procedure.

Methods: Total of 32 patients of all ages and both sexes operated at Sapthagiri Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, Bangalore during the study duration were included a detailed history and thorough physical examination was done to arrive clinical diagnosis. Ultrasound studies and FNAC were done in all cases to confirm the clinical diagnosis of thyroglossal cyst. Management was mainly surgical and Sistrunk operation was done in all cases.  

Results: Thirty two patients of with the diagnosis of thyroglossal cyst were managed from 2011 to 2018 in the department of ENT, Sapthagiri Institute of Medical Science, Bangalore, 20 (62.5%) were females and 12 (37.5%) were males age ranged from 5 to 40 years; mean age was 16.5 years.

Conclusions: Thyroglossal cyst presents most commonly in paediatric age as cystic painless midline neck swelling. Diagnosis is made on clinical examination complimented with ultrasound and FNAC. Sistrunk operation is the treatment of choice to prevent recurrence and histopathological examination of the surgical specimen is must to rule out malignant transformation in the cyst.
Functional and radiological outcome of expert tibia nailing in proximal tibia fractures
Authors: Kadam Rahul , Jadhav Ashutosh Ajit , Chaallani Abhay , Dagar Preetam Singh , Pestonji Jehangir Malcom
Published: December 2018

Background: Previously treatment of choice for proximal tibia fracture was internal fixation by plate. Presently, expert tibia nail is widely used in treating proximal tibia fracture. Expert tibia nailing system has features like multi directional locking options in the distal and proximal part of the nail, in addition to the standard static and dynamic locking options present in IMIL Nail. Purpose of study is to evaluate the outcome of expert tibia nail in proximal tibia fracture.

Methods: We retrospectively, reviewed thirty patients having proximal tibia fracture with age more than 18 years treated with expert tibia nail and were followed up averagely for 12 months between May2016 to May2018. All patients were compared in terms of intraoperative and postoperative parameters and functionally assessed using the Johner and Wruchs criteria at 3 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months.

Results: Functional outcome was measured by Johner and Wruhs criteria of 30 patients showed 20 excellent, 8 good, 2 patients had fair results. Average time unprotected full weight bearing walking was 7.2 weeks. Average time taken for radiological union was 18.2 weeks.

Conclusions: Expert tibial Interlocking Nail is good treatment option for proximal tibia fracture.
Sacran, a High-molecular Weight Polysaccharide Inhibits Renal Injury and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Renal Failure Model Rats
Authors: Goto Miwa , Iohara Daisuke , Kaneko Shinichiro , Higashi Taishi , Motoyama Keiichi , Arima Hidetoshi , Maruyama Toru , Uekama Kaneto , Hirayama Fumitoshi , Anraku Makoto , Otagiri Masaki
Published: December 2018

The administration of a high-molecular polysaccharide Sacran results in a significant decrease in renal injury and oxidative stress, compared with that for the oral carbonaceous adsorbent, AST-120 (Kremezin®) or a non-treatment group in 5/6 nephrectomized rats. An oral administration of Sacran (20 mg/day) over a 4 week period resulted in a significant decrease in serum indoxyl sulfate, creatinine and urea nitrogen levels, compared with a similar treatment with AST-120 or the non-treatment group. Sacran treatment also resulted in antioxidant potential being maintained, compared with that for AST-120 or the non-treatment group. Immuno-histochemical analyses also demonstrated that CRF rats, when treated with Sacran, showed a decrease in the level of accumulated renal fibrosis and 8-OHdG compared with AST-120 or the non-treatment group. These results suggest that the ingestion of Sacran results in a significant reduction in the levels of prooxidants, such as uremic toxins, in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby inhibiting the subsequent development of oxidative stress in the systemic circulation.
Variables Determinants of Social Performance And Islamic Banking and Conventional variable differentiator Social Performance Among Both Cases in Indonesia
Authors: Shulthoni Moch , Wardayati Siti Maria , Irmadariyani Ririn , Putra Hendrawan Santosa
Published: December 2018

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of risk variables, governance, financial performance, capital structure, asset structure, intermediation and human capital functions on the social performance of sharia commercial banks and conventional commercial banks as well as to test and analyze the influence of risk variables, governance, financial performance, capital structure, asset structure, intermediation functions and human capital towards social differences in performance between conventional and sharia commercial banks. The type of research used in this study is explanatory research, roomates explains the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable and comparative research, the which is research that is used to explain variables that influence the differences in social performance of Islamic banks and conventional commercial banks. The Populations in this study are commercial banks (conventional) and Islamic public banks in Indonesia. The purposive sampling technique was used to Obtain samples items, namely commercial banks (conventional) and sharia commercial banks in Indonesia to publish audited financial reports, annual reports and Reviews those that corporate social responsibility reports submitted between 2013 - 2017. Technical Data analysis used multiple regression and discriminant analysis. The analysis in this study tested the hypothesis. Multiple regression is used to analyze variables that Affect the social performance of conventional commercial banks and Islamic commercial banks. While discriminant analysis is used to analyze what variables influence the social performance of conventional public commercial banks and Islamic banks in Indonesia. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion concluded that (a) the variables of governance, capital structure, asset structure of human capital, risk, intermediation function and financial performance have no significant effect on the social performance of sharia commercial banks; (B) risk and financial performance variables have a significant effect on the social performance of conventional commercial banks. While the variables of governance, capital structure, asset structure of human capital, and intermediation function have no significant effect on the social performance of conventional commercial banks and (c) the variables of risk and financial performance have a significant effect on the performance of social Distinguishing between commercial Islamic banks and conventional commercial banks. While the variables of governance, capital structure, asset structure of human capital, and intermediation function do not Significantly influence between social performance of commercial Islamic banks and conventional commercial banks.