bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Process Planning with Removal of Melting Penetration and Temper Colors in 5-Axis Hybrid Additive and Subtractive Manufacturing
Authors: Nishiyama Akira , Kayashima Shun , Sumi Nobuyuki , Hashimoto Takashi , Abe Takeyuki , Kaneko Jun’ichi
Published: July 2023

Hybrid manufacturing (HM), which combines additive manufacturing (AM) and subtractive manufacturing (SM), is effective for the fabrication of thin-walled complex shapes, such as impeller blades. Generally, a process planning for HM is to build a near-net shape through AM and finish its surface through SM. However, in this approach, the cutting tools are limited with long tool lengths and small tool diameters to avoid collisions between the cutting tool and workpiece. In addition, the fabrication shapes are also limited. Therefore, one possible solution is to alternate between AM and SM processes multiple times. In this approach, the workpieces are built gradually as the process progresses. Therefore, the cutting tool can easily avoid collision with the workpiece. However, melting penetration and temper color remain on the finished surfaces using the conventional process planning method with alternate multiple switching. In this process planning, AM and SM processes are alternated. Thus, the finished surfaces are remelted in the subsequent AM process. This heat input causes melting penetration and temper color. These thermal effects must be prevented because these can lead to unfinished part and deterioration of the appearance of the workpieces. Therefore, in this study, a novel process planning method that allows alternate multiple switches without thermal effects is proposed. In addition, a process planning support system that simulates SM process was developed. The SM simulation can detect collision between the cutting tool and workpiece. Using the proposed process planning method, the system plans a process in which thermal effects will not occur. In addition, a case study was conducted using a simulated impeller blade geometry. The results of the case study showed that the developed system could plan by using several cutting tools and parameters of the machining head. The system can estimate the processing time based on the cutting tool path, deposition path, SM process conditions, and AM process conditions. The results validated the developed system and demonstrated its usefulness.
Advantages of Injection Mold with Hybrid Process of Metal Powder Bed Fusion and Subtractive Process
Authors: Abe Satoshi , Uemoto Seiichi , Morimoto Masanori
Published: July 2023

This paper focuses on the hybrid process combining metal additive manufacturing (AM) and subtractive processing developed for application to injection molds. The basic concept is a combination of laser powder bed fusion of metal powder and subtractive processing. This process is characterized by alternating buildup and milling processes. Even the inner surface of deep grooves, which conventionally required electrical discharge machining, can be machined with small-diameter tools with a short flute length. Therefore, molds with complex shapes that previously required electrical discharge machining can be manufactured in a single process. Moreover, a dimensional accuracy and surface roughness of levels equal to those achieved by machining with the machining center can be ensured. In the hybrid process, it is necessary to minimize the surplus solidified area (which is the area milled by the small-diameter tool). Therefore, the formation mechanism of the surplus solidified region is verified. It is shown that the power distribution of the laser beam significantly affects the size (width and depth) and density distribution of the excessively solidified region. In addition, the effective value of metal AM mold is introduced. The 3D cooling circuit improves the efficiency of the injection molding process. If the temperature balance between the cavity side and core side is achieved, the distortion of the molded product would be suppressed. If the cooling effect is promoted, the molding cycle would be shortened substantially. Second, the effect of the gas vent function by a permeable structure is explained through actual examples. The effect of the gas vent function by the permeable structure is explained. It is indicated that stable molding can be achieved. In addition, the appearance defects of molded products can be reduced when the air inside the cavity is exhausted sufficiently from the mold through the permeable structure.
Study on a Novel Peeling of Nano-Particle (PNP) Process for Localized Material Removal on a 4H-SiC Surface by Controllable Magnetic Field
Authors: Permpatdechakul Thitipat , Khajornrungruang Panart , Suzuki Keisuke , Kutomi Shotaro
Published: July 2023

This study proposes a novel process called peeling of nano-particle (PNP) to remove material locally on a hard material surface, such as silicon carbide (SiC), diamond, and gallium nitride (GaN), using the magnetic nano-particles in an aqueous solution controlled by magnetic fields. By the concept of the PNP process, magnetic fields are generated by two solenoid coils, which are sandwiched between the hard material sample, to pull the magnetic nano-particles to adhere to and then peel the material from the sample surface. In this experiment, iron (II, III) oxide (Fe3O4) particles with a diameter size in the range of 50–100 nm were dispersed in water, and the pH value was adjusted to 10 by potassium hydroxide (KOH). The particles were magnetically controlled on the silicon carbide (4H-SiC) surface by the magnetic fields at approximately 17 mT. To confirm the contact phenomenon of the Fe3O4 particles on the 4H-SiC surface during the PNP process, an optical system was developed by applying evanescent field microscopy to limit the observation range to approximately 300 nm from the 4H-SiC surface. According to the experimental observed results, the control phenomenon of two examples of Fe3O4 particles could be observed through their scattering light, which relates to the magnetic field generating sequence wherein the particles were magnetically pulled in and out of the 4H-SiC surface in the limit range of the evanescent field. During the particle pull to the surface, particles were able to be tracked in the X–Y directions during the approach to the 4H-SiC surface. The Brownian motion ranges in all directions of the particles decreased when the particles approached close to the surface due to the pulling magnetic field. Moreover, the magnetic field enforced the magnetic moment of the particle and limited their rotation.
PERILAKU ANAK KORBAN PERCERAIAN ORANG TUA
Authors: Aristawaty Aulia , Mashabi Nurlaila Abdullah , Hasanah Uswatun
Published: July 2023

The high number of divorce cases, especially in the East Jakarta area, is feared to have an impact on the behavior of children who are victims of parental divorce which can become problematic. This study aims to determine the behavior of children who are victims of parental divorce. The research was conducted in East Jakarta from October 2022 to February 2023. This research uses the descriptive quantitative method. Sampling using a purposive sampling technique. The sample in this research is divorced parents who have early childhood and are members of a single-parent community of 100 respondents. Data were obtained using a questionnaire. The instrument used to measure behavioral problems is The Child Behavior Checklist and Related Forms for Assessing Behavioral/Emotional Problems and Competencies (CBCL). The questionnaire used has 58 statements after being validated with the dimensions of emotionally reactive, anxiety/depression, somatic complaints, withdrawn, sleep problems, attention problems, and aggressive behavior. Data were processed and analyzed using descriptive statistic analysis techniques and correlation analysis (chi-square). The results showed that the behavioral problems of early childhood whose parents divorced were at a moderate level with an average value of 41.54. The results also show that there is no relationship between the characteristics of the respondents, such as the child's gender, the child's age, the father's occupation, and the mother's occupation, with the child's behavior problems, meanwhile, there is a relationship between the characteristics of the parent who nurtures the child and the child's behavior problems. This result means that early childhood whose parents are divorced have few behavioral problems that will arise if something or an event triggers it.
Implementasi Merdeka belajar Kampus Merdeka Melalui Pendampingan Orang dengan Gangguan Jiwa dalam Terapi Aktivitas Kelompok Membatik oleh Mahasiswa Korps Sukarela Palang Merah Indonesia
Authors: Huda Alvin , Eka Septiyana Hidayantia Veni , Yustina Suprihatining Tyasaa Maria , Guntur Ahmad
Published: July 2023

Negative stigma in society about people with mental disorders (ODGJ) leads to discriminatory behavior. One of the efforts that can be made by students is to implement the Independent Learning Campus (MBKM) program And The Seven Principles Of The International Red Cross And Red Crescent Movement. The aim of the program is to implement the MBKM program and the principle values ​​of the international red cross and red crescent movement by empowering PLWHA. The activity method is carried out on partners, namely puskesmas nurses, village officials, health cadres and ODGJ. Activities carried out within one month. By going through 4 processes, namely assessment, village community meetings, revitalization of the Posyandu Jiwa and therapy for batik group activities, evaluation of follow-up plans. And the result is that there are problems with health services in the community and ODGJ batik activities still need help in doing it so there is a need for ODGJ assistance in activities towards micro, small and medium enterprises and in the MBKM program there is an implementation mechanism carried out by universities, students and partners. The conclusion is that the MBKM Program through batik group therapy activities for ODGJ is very effective and has an impact on partners, institutions, and students in the learning process of humanitarian projects.
PENGARUH SUDUT ELEKTRODA 75, 85, 90 PADA LONGITUDINAL ARAH MUNDUR TERHADAP PRESENTASE PENETRASI
Authors: Hafni Hafni , Rifqi Rifqi
Published: July 2023

Shielded Metal Arc Welding  (SMAW) merupakan salah satu dari proses pengelasan cair (fusion welding)  yang menghasilkan penyatuan yang homogen elektroda dengan logam dasar (base metal), yang disebabkan oleh  busur listrik yang menghasilkan panas tinggi meleburkan elektroda dan logam dasar (base metal) secara bersamaan dan dilindungi oleh gas pelindung dari reeaksi kimia fluk elektroda. Kedalaman fusi (depth of fusion) yang terbentuk ditentukan  oleh masukan panas ( heat input)  , sudut elektroda dan arah pengelasan.
Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Teknik Mesin Institut Teknologi Padang. base metal  yang digunakan adalah baja karbon rendah ST 37 dengan ukuran tebal 10 mm , Panjang 100 mm . lebar 100 mm. Pengelasan dilakukan pada permukaan base metal pada posisi bawah tangan (flat position), tipe sambungan (weld type) adalah surfacing weld sebanyak 4 jalur las yang masing masing jalur mempunyai jarak 20 mm. Panjang las 100 mm . spesikasi elektroda AWS E 6013 berdiameter 3,2 mm. Mesin las SMAW arus AC dengan voltage 30 V. current 85 A.
Sudut elektroda yang terukur antara elektroda dengan jalur las yaitu 750, 850, 900. Arah pengelasan mundur dimana eletroda menarik cairan las ke jalur las dan tinggi busur normal dimana jarak elektoda dengan base metal  sama dengan diameter elektroda. Dari hasil pengelasan akan diperoleh presentasi penetrasi yaitu perbandingan kedalam fusi dengan lebar.
 Hasil penelitian diperoleh kecepatan pengelasan :  2,48 mm/s untuk sudut eletroda 750 ,  2,49 mm/s untuk sudut eletroda 850 dan 2,51 mm/s untuk sudut elektroda 90. Heat input untuk  sudut elektroda750  adalah 1015,93 J/mm ,  heat input untuk  sudut elektroda 850  adalah 1024,20 J/mm dan heat input untuk  sudut elektroda 900  adalah 1015,93 J/mm. Dari perbandingan lebar dengan  kedalaman fusi diperoleh ; sudut elektoda 85  mempunyai presentasi penetriasi sebesar 9,85 % lebih baik tinggi dibandingkan dengan sudut elektroda 750 mempunyai presentasi penetriasi sebesar 8,43 %, dan sudut elektroda 900 mempunyai presentasi penetrasi 8,35 %
EVALUASI KINERJA SISTEM PENDINGIN KOMPRESI UAP VRF DENGAN SIKLUS INJEKSI
Authors: Rachman Arfidian , Yuana Dewi Arfita , Effendi Asnal , Nesti Lisa
Published: July 2023

Akibat dari penurunan laju aliran massa pada bahagian hisap pada sistem pendinginan variable refrigerant flow (VRF), sistem aliran pendingin berkinerja buruk. Untuk meningkatkan efisiensi metode siklus injeksi uap digunakan. Dampak injeksi uap secara teoritis dieksplorasi dalam kajian ini pada berbagai tekanan menengah dan suhu lingkungan luar, dan temuan didukung oleh data eksperimen. Kapasitas pemanasan kompresor, daya input, koefisien kinerja (COP), dan efisiensi isentropik semuanya dipengaruhi oleh tekanan. Pada suhu sekitar yang rendah, peningkatan COP dengan injeksi uap sangat luar biasa. Dalam kajian ini, kinerja sistem pendingin dengan siklus injeksi dievaluasi, sistem dengan siklus injeksi ini menghasilkan peningkatan kapasitas pendinginan sebesar 3,26% dan rasio efisiensi energi (EER) sebesar 2,32%.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN SERAT KAWAT BENDRAT TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN DAN KUAT TARIK BETON NORMAL
Authors: A Arman , Sanjaya Faldi , Wardi Syafri
Published: July 2023

Seiring dengan kemajuan jaman, teknologi di bidang konstruksi bangunan juga mengalami perkembangan pesat, termasuk teknologi beton, hampir pada setiap aspek kehidupan manusia selalu terkait dengan beton. Pemakaian bahan tambah sudah banyak dilakukan dalam proses campuran beton. Berdasar hal tersebut, maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kuat tekan dan kuat tarik belah optimal beton dengan bahan tambah serat kawat bendrat, dan persentase penambahan 0%, 4%, 5%, 6%, Kuat tarik beton hanya berkisar 9% - 15% dari kuat tekan. Nilai pendekatan yang diperoleh dari pengujian berulang kali mencapai kekuatan 0,50 – 0,60ƒ????′, sehingga untuk beton nolmal dapat digunakan nilai 0,57ƒ????′. Tinjauan analisis penelitian ini adalah kuat tekan dan kuat tarik belah, dengan benda uji silinder beton berdiameter 15 cm dan tinggi 30 cm. didapat hasil dari beton normal dengan kuat tekan sebesar 9,62 N/mm2, dan kuat tekan 4%, dengan hasil 13,01 N/mm2, dan kuat tekan 5%, dengan hasil 12,45 N/mm2, dan kuat tekan 6%, dengan hasil 11,03 N/mm2. Mutu beton yang direncanakan K 225 yang diuji pada umur 3 dan 28 hari sebanyak 48 sampel dan terdiri dari 3 variasi, masing-masing variasi sebanyak 6 sampel. Dari penelitian diperoleh bahwa nilai kuat tekan beton yang tertinggi pada umur 3 hari yaitu 12,45 Mpa dengan, pada umur 28 hari nilai kuat tekan beton yang tertinggi yaitu 22,08 Mpa. Nilai kuat tekan beton terendah pada umur 3 hari yaitu 9,62 Mpa dengan, nilai kuat tekan beton terendah pada umur 28 hari yaitu 14,72 Mpa. Dapat diambil kesimpulan pada penelitian ini yaitu semakin banyak serat kawat yang di pakai semakin naik nilai kuat tekan beton.
Dari penelitian diperoleh bahwa nilai kuat tarik belah beton yang tertinggi pada umur 3 hari yaitu 13,01 Mpa dengan, pada umur 28 hari nilai kuat tarik belah beton yang tertinggi yaitu 22,08 Mpa. Nilai kuat tarik belah beton terendah pada umur 3 hari yaitu 9,62 Mpa dengan, nilai kuat tarik belah beton terendah pada umur 28 hari yaitu 14,72 Mpa. Dapat diambil kesimpulan pada penelitian ini yaitu semakin banyak serat kawat yang di pakai semakin naik nilai kuat tekan beton.
Frenectomía lingual con láser ND:YAG. Reporte de caso
Authors: Pares Perfetti Adriana , Guada Melet Natacha Valentina , Castillo Paez Jose Alberto
Published: July 2023

La anquiloglosia es considerada una anomalía congenita cuyo tratamiento indicado es la frenectomía, esta técnica quirurgica consiste en la remoción del tejído que une la lengua con el piso de la boca. Esta técnica permite al paciente una mejoría considerable a las limitaciones causadas por dicha anomalía como lo son dificultades en la succión, pronunciación, masticación y dificultad para tocar el labio inferior con la punta de la lengua. En la actualidad el uso de la tecnología láser y sus beneficios en la odontología moderna, permite la realización de procedimientos quirúrgicos libres de sangrado, con muy poco dolor e inflamación de los tejidos y con un tiempo de recuperación mucho menor a los necesarios con técnicas convensionales. En el presente caso clínico, se presenta una paciente de 12 años de edad con una anquilosis severa, por lo que se le indicó frenectomía lingual. Para ello se utilizó un láser Nd:YAG de contacto, logrando una intervención quierúrgica conmuy poco dolor, libre de sangrado y sin necesidad del uso de sutura.
Comparison of The Effectiveness of Campylobacter Growth Ability in Culture Media Added Supplements Lysed Sheep's Blood with Lysed Cow's Blood in Chicken Meat Samples
Authors: Irmanora Yezzi , Julianti Elisa , Faisal Faisal , Angga Putra Desriwan
Published: July 2023

Blood is a good growth medium for bacteria by preventing the accumulation of toxic oxygen (peroxide and superoxide) and increasing the growth ability of these bacteria. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of lysed sheep blood and lysed cow blood as a substitute for lysed horse blood on Campylobacter growth media, as well as evaluate the growth of Campylobacter from chicken meat samples on culture media supplemented with lysed sheep blood and lysed cow blood compared to the media cultures using lysed horse blood supplements. The concentration of lysed sheep blood, lysed cow blood, and lysed horse blood used was 5% each. The chicken meat samples used in this study were 30 samples. Based on the results, 14 samples of C. jejuni bacteria showed the ability to grow up to 107 and 16 samples up to 106. In the media added with lysed cow blood supplement only one sample was able to grow up to 106, 17 samples grew up to 105, and 12 samples grew up to 104. These results statistically used the one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test indicating a significant difference significant (P0.05). Further tests using post hoc least significance different (LSD) showed a comparison of the average growth in lysed horse blood, lysed sheep blood, and lysed cow blood significantly different (P 0.05), while the average value of each treatment was the addition of lysed horse blood supplements, lysed sheep blood, and cow blood consecutive lysis was 8.551 ± 0.340, 7.117 ± 0.544, and 5.265 ± 0.548. The addition of lysed sheep blood and lysed cow blood to bolton broth media in this study can be used for C. jejuni isolation. However, the blood of lysed sheep had a higher effectiveness in the ability to grow C. jejuni, which was close to the ability to grow with the addition of lysed horse blood as a control, compared to the addition of lysed cow blood.
Feedback stabilization applied to heart rhythm dynamics with integro-differential equations method
Authors: Yahalom Asher , Puzanov Natalia
Published: July 2023

In this paper we applied a chaos control method based on technique integro-differential equations for stabilization of unstable cardiac rhythm, which is described by the mathematical model of the modified Van der Pol equation.
Chaos control with this method may be useful for stabilization irregular heartbeat using a small perturbation. This method differs from other stabilization strategies by the absence of adjustable parameters and the lack of rough approximations in determining control functions whose control parameters are fixed by the properties of the unstable system itself.
Reliability analysis with the concept of optimal age replacement policy: A Copula Approach
Authors: Sengar Surabhi
Published: July 2023

This paper presents a comparative study of reliability analysis of a gas production plant, before and after applying optimal age replacement policy for a specific machine. The gas production plant is having six machines connected in the series configuration as sulfur (S) shaft, coal pit, reaction furnace, sulfur separation machine, adiabatic reactor, and cooling machine. Here, the optimal age replacement policy has been applied to the cooling machine as this machine is working under a wear out period i.e. it has completed its prescribed age (say T) and is still operational. Two different situations have been discussed to analyze the performance variation of the system i) when the model is working with high risk because the cooling machine is operational even after completion of its prescribed age ii) when the old cooling machine is replaced by a new one after completing the age, T. The failure of any machine can cause the model failure. Additionally, a situation of employee walkout is also considered a responsible factor for model failure. Supplementary variable technique and copula methodology have been applied to solve the markov model.
Lasting Enhancements in Neural Efficiency by Multi-session Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Working Memory Training
Authors: Ke Yufeng , Liu Shuang , Chen Long , Wang Xiashuang , Ming Dong
Published: July 2023

The neural basis for long-term behavioral improvement resulting from multi-session transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with working memory training (WMT) remains unclear. In this study, we used task-related electroencephalography (EEG) measures to investigate the lasting neurophysiological effects of anodal high-definition (HD)-tDCS applied over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) during a challenging WMT. Thirty-four healthy young adults were randomized to sham or active tDCS groups and underwent ten 30-minute training sessions over ten consecutive days, preceded by a pre-test and followed by post-tests performed one day and three weeks after the last session, respectively, by performing high-load WM tasks along with EEG recording. Multi-session HD-tDCS significantly enhanced the behavioral benefits of WMT. Compared to the sham group, the active group showed facilitated increases in theta, alpha, and beta task-related oscillations at the end of training and significantly increased P300 response 3 weeks post-training. Our results suggest that anodal tDCS over the left dlPFC during multi-session WMT enhances the behavioral benefits of WMT and facilitates a sustained improvement in WM-related neural efficiency.
Test Plan Generation for Live Testing of Cloud Services
Authors: Jebbar Oussama , Khendek Ferhat , Toeroe Maria
Published: July 2023

Live testing is performed in the production environment ideally without causing unacceptable disturbance to the production traffic. Thus, test activities have to be orchestrated properly to avoid test interferences with the production traffic. A test plan is the road map that specifies how the test activities need to be orchestrated. Developing a test plan includes tasks such as test configuration selection/generation, test configuration deployment planning, creating the test runs schedule, choosing strategies to mitigate the risk of test interferences, etc. The manual design of a test plan is tedious and error prone. This task becomes harder especially when the systems are large and complex. In this paper we propose an approach for automating test plans generation. With this approach we aim at reducing the time needed to execute the test plan while maintaining the service disruption at an acceptable level. We illustrate our approach with a case study and discuss its different aspects.
Nucleosomal DNA has topological memory
Authors: Segura Joana , Nikolaou Christoforos , Roca Joaquím
Published: July 2023

One fundamental yet elusive aspect of chromosome architecture is the topolome, which refers to how chromatin elements shape the path of DNA. Nucleosomes stabilise negative DNA supercoils, with most nucleosomes typically restraining a DNA linking number difference (∆Lk) of about -1.26. However, whether this capacity is uniform across the genome is unknown. Here, we calculated the ∆Lk restrained by over 4000 nucleosomes in yeast cells. To achieve this, we placed each nucleosome in a circular minichromosome and performed Topo-seq, a novel high-throughput procedure to inspect the topology of circular DNA libraries in a single gel electrophoresis. We discovered that nucleosomes inherently restrain distinct ∆Lk values depending on their genomic origin. Nucleosome DNA topologies differ significantly at gene bodies (∆Lk=-1.29), intergenic regions (∆Lk=-1.23), rDNA genes (∆Lk=-1.24) and telomeric regions (∆Lk=-1.07). Nucleosomes nearby the transcription start and termination sites also exhibit singular ∆Lk values. Our findings demonstrate that nucleosome DNA topology is imprinted by its native chromatin context and persists when the nucleosome is relocated. Therefore, the intrinsic topology of nucleosomal DNA emerges as a new determinant of chromatin architecture and function. Our findings also validate the potential of Topo-seq, laying the foundation for the field of topolomics.
Electrocatalytic on-site oxygenation for transplanted cell-based-therapies
Authors: Lee Inkyu , Surendran Abhijith , Fleury Samantha , Gimino Ian , Curtis Alexander , Fell Cody , Shiwarski Daniel , El-Refy Omar , Rothrock Blaine , Jo Seonghan , Schwartzkopff Tim , Mehta Abijeet , John Sharon , Ji Xudong , Nikiforidis Georgios , Feinberg Adam , Hester Josiah , Weber Douglas , Veiseh Omid , Rivnay Jonathan , Cohen-Karni Tzahi
Published: July 2023

Implantable cell therapies and tissue transplants require sufficient oxygen supply to function and are limited by a delay or lack of vascularization from the transplant host1,2. Exogenous oxygen production can support cells and tissues, such as pancreatic islets and engineered therapeutic cells. Previous oxygenation strategies have targeted gas circulation or decomposition of solid peroxides. These strategies however require bulky implants, transcutaneous supply lines, and are limited in their total oxygen production or regulation3,4. Readily integrated and controlled production of oxygen has eluded cell therapy devices. Here, we show an electrocatalytic approach that enables bioelectronic control of oxygen generation in complex cellular environments to sustain engineered cell viability and therapy production under hypoxic stress and at high cell densities. Nanostructured sputtered iridium oxide serves as an ideal catalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at neutral pH. It enables a lower OER onset and shows selective oxygen production without evolution of toxic side products over a 300 mV window of operation. This electrocatalytic on site oxygenator (ecO2) can sustain high cell loadings (>60k cells/mm3) in hypoxic conditions in vitro and in vivo. Our results demonstrate that exogenous oxygen production devices can be readily integrated into bioelectronic platforms and enable high cell loadings in smaller device footprints with broad applicability.
Assessing Nurses' Knowledge of Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Management in Cardiac-Related Wards: A Survey Study
Authors: Geraiely Babak , Fazeli Behrouz , Moghadam Arman Soltani , Larti Farnoosh
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are responsible for 1 in 5 deaths in the US and are a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Risk factors for CVDs include age, gender, race, lifestyle choices, and health conditions such as hypertension and diabetes. Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), caused by the blockage of coronary arteries, is an acute critical manifestation of CVDs, with symptoms including chest pain, nausea, and arrhythmia. Nurses are crucial in managing patients with MI and reducing the associated morbidity and mortality. Their knowledge should be regularly updated to align with WHO and AHA guidelines. Herein, we tried to evaluate nurses’ level of information regarding myocardial infarction.
Methods
A survey assessing the level of knowledge among nurses working in cardiac-care-related wards about acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction was conducted at Tehran University of Medical Sciences hospitals. We used a questionnaire reviewed and validated by cardiology professors after calculating the CVR (content validity ratio) and CVI (content validity index).
Results
347 nurses (68.9% females and 31.1% males) were included in the survey. Most of the participants had Bachelor’s degrees (87.1%). The mean duration of employment and total score were 10.5 years and 10.08, respectively. After scoring the questionnaire, 162 nurses (46.7%) had average scores, while 20 nurses (5.8%) had very poor scores. Those older and with more experience scored better (P < 0.001). Nurses of the Cath-Lab department had a statistically significant better score compared to other cardiac-related medical wards. Additionally, post-CCU (coronary care unit) nurses demonstrated the lowest level of knowledge. We identified no statistically significant difference between the level of knowledge and gender, shift time, and academic degree (p = 0.722, p = 0.051, p = 0.494). Additionally, Cath-lab and CCU nurses had a better understanding of door-to-balloon time.
Conclusion
The study evaluated nurses' scientific knowledge and ability regarding acute STEMI care in Tehran University of Medical Sciences hospitals. The results showed that overall, the nurses' knowledge level was average and acceptable. Nurses with more experience and age had better knowledge and ability, especially those working in Lab Cath and CCU departments, than the emergency room and post-CCU nurses. However, a concerning finding was that 27.1% of all nurses scored poorly in this area, indicating a need for further training to improve patient outcomes.
Effects of surface modification methods on physical, mechanical, and microstructural properties of sustainable bamboo aggregate subjected to cementitious materials
Authors: Wei Yang , Wang Gaofei , Wang Jiaqing , Chen Sibei , Zhou Zhengyan
Published: July 2023

To alleviate the serious loss of gravel resources and improve the sustainability of concrete materials, this study innovatively proposes the development of a new type of bamboo aggregate from green and renewable Phyllostachys edulis (Moso) bamboo to replace traditional gravel aggregates. To realize the direct application of bamboo aggregates, this study proposes the use of epoxy mortar (EM) and polyurethane (PE) adhesives to modify the bamboo surface. Compared to unmodified and PE-modified bamboo, EM-modified bamboo showed significantly improved physical and mechanical properties. Durability tests revealed that the modified bamboo, especially EM-modified bamboo, was less affected by acidic and alkaline corrosion than the unmodified bamboo and the mass loss rate was almost zero. In the early stages of alkaline corrosion, the strength of the bamboo increased, and then began to decrease after 28 d. The removal of the outer green bamboo significantly improved the adhesion of the adhesive to the bamboo surface, as confirmed by pull-out tests. A sufficient bonding area between the EM-modified bamboo and the cement matrix remained after compression damage, whereas obvious debonding behavior between the cement matrix and unmodified and PE-modified bamboo was observed. In summary, EM modification significantly improved the comprehensive performance of bamboo aggregates. This study is expected to help improve the utilization rate of bamboo, promote bamboo concrete, reduce carbon emissions, and develop sustainable materials.
A Novel Relative Distance Protein Fingerprint Algorithm for Searching DNA Mimic Proteins
Authors: Chien Chia-Yen , Chou Hsin-Hung , Hsu Kai-Cheng , Liao Bo-Cheng , Wang Hao-Ching , Hsieh Sun-Yuan
Published: July 2023

Backgground: DNA mimic proteins are relatively obscure control factors that share some similarities with DNA. They emulate the negative charge distribution of the phosphate backbone of DNA by using negatively charged amino acids, namely, aspartic acids (ASP or D) and glutamic acids (GLU or E). Known DNA mimic proteins control various cellular mechanisms, such as transcription, DNA repair, and gene regulation, by intervening in the binding of DNA to effector proteins. In addition to being functionally important, DNA mimic proteins have potential for use in biotechnological applications. For example, the DNA mimic protein AcrIIA4 from Listeria monocytogenes prophages can improve the accuracy of gene editing by controlling the activity of CRISPR-Cas9. Therefore, DNA mimic proteins warrant further research. However, most DNA mimic proteins cannot be identified using traditional bioinformatics methods owing to their unique amino acid sequences and structural features.
Results: We developed a new protein fingerprint, called relative distance protein fingerprint (RD-PFP), that can be used to analyze the distribution of amino acids on a protein surface. We optimized our RD-PFP by using machine learning and the characteristic feature of DNA mimic proteins (namely, their DNA-like negative charge distribution) to more accurately predict DNA mimicry from protein sequences.
Conclusion: Our pioneering study contributes to the development of machine learning--based bioinformatics methods for screening DNA mimic proteins.
Reconfigurable Memlogic Long Wave Infrared Sensing with Superconductors
Authors: An Zhenghua , Chen Bingxin , Pan Hong , Xue Huanyi , Zhu Liping , Song Yanru
Published: July 2023

Superconductors possess advantages in two device categories: quantum-limited optical sensors covering a wide electromagnetic spectrum and quantum logic devices supporting computation beyond von Neumann architectures. Combining both categories presents an opportunity to revolutionize the sensory industry through in-sensor computing, reducing communication latency and power consumption. Additionally, optically encoded computation enables visual input for quantum computers and facilitates long-distance interactions between distributed systems. However, such attempts are still nascent, primarily focusing on new materials other than superconductors. Here, we report a superconducting niobium long-wave infrared sensor with logic and memory functions. Exploiting the bistability of superconducting nanowires, state transitions between normal and superconducting states can be triggered by combined optical and electrical pulses. The endurance performance, allowing for states persistence over time (>105 s), exceeds conventional phase change memories. Utilizing these switchable characteristics, our memlogic sensor supports reconfigurable logic functions, making it suitable for encrypted communication applications. Enhanced by an in-situ resonant metamaterial absorber design, it achieves ultrahigh sensitivity in the long-wave infrared region (D*=1.1×1015 Jone@12.2 μm m). This work establishes the foundation for all-in-one memlogic optical sensors based on the superconductor platform, surpassing human retina limitations and facilitating intelligent remote sensing, encrypted communication and visional-input superconducting quantum computer etc.
Artificial Intelligence Based Automated Actuarial Loss Reserving Model for the General Insurance Sector
Authors: Mahohoho Brighton , Chimedza Charles , Matarise Florance , Munyira Sheunesu
Published: July 2023

We developed an Automated Actuarial Loss Reserving Model using Artificial Intelligence based machine learning methods since the traditional actuarial reserving techniques are no longer compatible with the increase in technological advancement currently at hand .We have also conscripted the introduction of bancassurance services to general insurance companies which involves automation of microfinance services into the car insurance process. The introduction of the base rates, variable rates and final rates on this model to policyholders significantly reduces lapse rates and brings together a combination of new and existing policyholders in the insurance company. We have extended the frequency severity models using eight machine learning algorithms and derived the Automated Actuarial Loss Reserving Model adjusted to inflation which remarkably performed well with Random Forests models being the best model among the machine learning models used in the study.
The Effects of Cashew (Anacardium Occidentale) Leaves Extract On The Histology Of The Liver, kidney, and Small Intestine of Wistar Rats.
Authors: Anaziah Grace
Published: July 2023

Anacardium occidentale leaf is consumed in Nigeria and other parts of the world as a refreshing drink, for culinary purposes in delicacy and for therapeutic purposes. This study was to examine the effects of Anacardium Occidentaleleave extract on the histology of the Kidney, the Liver and the Small intestine of wistar rats to determine the empirical and physical measurement of wistar rats treated with oral administration of Anacardium Occidentale leaves extract. The acute toxicity of Anacardium Occidentale dose (L.D50) tolerable by the rat is 4,525mg/kg body weight. Twenty (20) male wistar rats of average weight of 172.6g± 4.8 (Means ± S.E.M) were assigned to a control group (A) and test group (B,C, and D,E). They were administrated with varying concentrations (200 to 800mg/kg) for 28days daily. On day 29, all rats were sacrificed by cranial-spinal dislocation. The kidney, liver and small intestine were excised, grossed and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin solution for 48hrs prior to histological processing. Sections were obtained at 3-5 microns and stained with hematoxylin and Eosin and Periodic Acid Schiff solution for light microscopy. No changes were observed grossly and histologically. However, the empirical measurement showed significant reduction in weight in low dose treated animals (group B and C) and negligible weight loss in high dose (Group D and E) treated animals. The histopathology of the Kidney, Liver and Small intestine after the administration of Anacardium Occidentale leaves extract, showed no toxic effects exerted on the wistar rat. This study suggests that since there is no toxic effect exerted on the Kidney, Liver and Small intestine, Anacardium Occidentale leave remains suitable for consumption (as a pleasure drink, for culinary purposes, in delicacies or for therapeutic use).
Learning Automata based Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm for Adaptive data forwarding and Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Karmakonda Karthik , M Swamy Das , Guguloth Ravi
Published: July 2023

Reducing the packet count transmitted within a wireless sensor network is one method for decreasing the consumption of energy. In order to reduce the quantity of transmitted packets, many nodes may have substantially identical information and can be combined in intermediary nodes. Sensor networks typically deploy many redundant nodes to address the issue of node failures. When data packets from all nodes with same information are aggregated together, the aggregate ratio is maximized. Nodes should forward their packets along a path where there are as many nodes as possible that have information similar to that of the sender node. In many real-world scenarios, these path changes frequently and do not remain constant throughout the network lifetime. These changes, which typically cannot be anticipated in advance, may have occurred as a result of alterations to the environment of operating sensor network. In this study, a LA (learning automata) based solution to the aforementioned issue is given. For each node to broadcast its packets towards the sink, the learning automata collectively learn the path and choose the one with the highest aggregation ratio. Initially, the neighbor list of the sensor nodes is estimated using grey wolf optimization (GWO) technique with distance to sink & aggregation cost parameters to identify the paths with fewer count of hops to the sink. This proposed work utilized Adaptive forwarding (AF) factor in LA to determine intermediate nodes for data transmission. The decision about adaptive forwarding and aggregation based on the parameters: load factor & connectivity ratio was taken by LA configured in the sensor nodes makes. Performance assessments and analyses show that the suggested approach decreases energy usage, delays in data delivery, data transfers, and network lifespan.
Online sales and promotion of E-cigarettes in India: A Cross-sectional study
Authors: Bahl Deepika , Bassi Shalini , Thapliyal Nishibha , Aneja Kashish , Sinha Praveen , Arora Monika
Published: July 2023

Introduction: India is one of the countries to have banned the production, manufacture, import, export, transport, sale, distribution, storage and advertisement of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes). With the advent of technology, e-cigarettes are being marketed extensively on the internet despite the ban
Objective: To assess online sales and promotion of e-cigarettes on the internet, and social networking sites (SNS) to identify violations of the current restrictive policies by the e-cigarette industry, SNS platforms and influencers.
Methodology: A survey with youth (18-24 years), along with a desk review was conducted to identify influencers promoting and e-stores selling e-cigarettes in India. Further, a content analysis of the identified influencers and online stores was conducted, along with a analysis of the policies banning online e-cigarette sales and advertisements.
Results: 370 youth with a mean age of 21.1±1.7 years ,participated in the survey. 66.6% of participants reported being aware of e-cigarettes through social media. Instagram (46%) was identified as the most popular social networking platform for promoting e-cigarettes. A total of 189 influencers promoting e-cigarettes on Instagram were identified and their posts positively portrayed e-cigarettes (trendy/cool, flavours, hedonic value, features cessation aid and cost-effective). In addition, 83 e-stores (49 Indian and 34 international) were identified selling e-cigarettes in India. Findings from content analysis of both influencers and e-stores also highlighted the issue of cross-border marketing. Collected data showed a violation of the restrictive policies by the influencers and e-stores.
Conclusion: To safeguard the youth and move towards Tobacco Endgame; there is a dire need for empowering youth and the community via sensitization programs on the detrimental effects and existing policies related to e-cigarettes in India. Furthermore, strengthening the enforcement of PECA 2019 is the need of the hour to address cross-border advertisements and sales of e-cigarettes, as well as establish strong reporting violation mechanisms.
Subgraphs of $\rm BV$ functions on $\rm RCD$ spaces
Authors: Antonelli Gioacchino , Brena Camillo , Pasqualetto Enrico
Published: July 2023

In this work we extend classical results for subgraphs of functions of bounded variation in $\mathbb R^n\times\mathbb R$ to the setting of ${\rm X}\times\mathbb R$, where ${\rm X}$ is an ${\rm RCD}(K,N)$ metric measure space. In particular, we give the precise expression of the push-forward onto ${\rm X}$ of the perimeter measure of the subgraph in ${\rm X}\times\mathbb R$ of a ${\rm BV}$ function on ${\rm X}$. Moreover, in properly chosen good coordinates, we write the precise expression of the normal to the boundary of the subgraph of a ${\rm BV}$ function $f$ with respect to the polar vector of $f$, and we prove change-of-variable formulas.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification. 53C23, 26A45, 49Q15, 28A75
Bengali Text Classification: A New multi-class Dataset and Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Models
Authors: Roy Amartya , Sarkar Kamal , Mandal Chintan Kumar
Published: July 2023

This study focuses on Bengali text classification using machine learning and deep learning techniques. Text classification is a fundamental task in natural language processing (NLP) that involves categorizing text documents into predefined categories or classes. While text classification has received considerable attention in the English language, there is a limited amount of research specifically addressing Bengali text classification. This gap in the literature highlights the need for exploring and developing effective techniques tailored to the Bengali language. Furthermore, although some datasets for Bengali text classification tasks have been produced, most of the datasets have a limited number of labels. In our work, we introduce a new dataset for the Bengali text classification task, which has 38 class labels. The dataset includes data from the leading Bengali newspapers. We have evaluated many state-of-the-art machine learning and deep learning classification methods on our dataset to construct a benchmark that will facilitate future research.
Assessing prevalence of knee injuries among athletes
Authors: Kabbani Tamer , Shibli Ali
Published: July 2023

Background
The knee joint is the largest joint in the body. It contributes to a large part of the skeletal function of supporting movement, bearing body weight and performing basic movements with muscular and neural control. Complex injuries of the knee joint are common and result from accidents or sports injuries in various fields. This study aims to direct interest in sports medicine towards this type of injury, which is considered an important matter in reducing the burden of injuries on the sports community, as the target group represents athletes of ages ranging between 15 and 40 years.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2022 using a sample-appropriate sampling pattern. A self-administered, self-filled questionnaire in Arabic was distributed to the participants, after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB), College of Medicine. Syrian Private University.
Results
Out of 903 participants, 58% were male and 42% were female. Their mean age was 27.23 years (± 9.1). The prevalence of one-time knee injuries was 25% among the participants. More than half of them exercise between 2 and 5 hours a week. Participants who participated more in sports, especially competitive ones, were associated with a higher rate of knee injuries. Knee pain was the most common complaint. Of those who sought medical attention, most were treated conservatively with analgesia, physiotherapy, and knee braces.
Conclusions
Knee injuries are common in our community. Football was the dominant sport associated with knee injuries, and most of these injuries were treated conservatively. Stretching and warming up did not help reduce the incidence of injuries. We need to increase awareness and knowledge about these injuries. A comprehensive research must be conducted on prevention methods and factors and studied in order to know and apply effective measures in reducing the rate of these injuries and their complications. In addition, more research is needed to estimate the prevalence of these injuries among females in our population and whether they have different patterns of injuries compared to males.