bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New data on the Ocean Anoxic Event 2 near the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary in the Biyuk-Karasu river sequence (Central part of Mountain Crimea)
Authors: Latypova M. R. , Kopaevich L. F. , Kalmykov A. G. , Nikishin A. M. , Bordunov S. I.
Published: October 2021

In the carbonate sections organic-rich clay interlayers on the Cenomanian and Turonian boundary were indicated. They were formed as a result of the periodic formation of anoxic conditions in the basins. A section of the Cenomanian and Turonian boudary sediments at the river Biyuk-Karasu (Central Crimea) was investigated. Dark organic-rich intercalations with light colored carbonate clays formed during the period of ocean anoxic event (OAE2) were identified. These interlayers contain large amount of type II organic matter and are oil source strata. The mineral composition is similar, but intervals differ in the organic matter concentration.
Morphologic and litogenetic typing of carbonat rocks of the Abalak-Bazhenov complex
Authors: Yurchenko A. Yu. , Potapova A. S. , Bumagina V. A. , Vilesov A. P. , Chertina K. N. , Balushkina N. S. , Kalmykov G. A. , Khotylev O. V.
Published: October 2021

The most prospective section intervals in the Bazhenov formation (Tutleimskoy) and Abalak formation are composed of interbedded siliceous and carbonate rocks. Based on the core analysis, genetic typing of carbonate rocks was performed to improve the quality of their prediction, the most promising of them for finding of oil-saturated reservoirs are identified.
Armalcolite-bearing island arc plagiolherzolites and olivine gabbro-norite-dolerites of the area of Balaklava, Crimea
Authors: Spiridonov E. M. , Semikolennykh E. S. , Lysenko V. I. , Filimonov S. V. , Korotayeva N. N. , Krivitskaya N. N.
Published: October 2021

Armalcolite (Mg,Fe)Ti2O5 is characteristic mineral of titanian basalts of the Moon, as well as lamproites, other alkaline magmatic Earth rocks, impactites and other formations. It is widely represented in island-arc low-alkaline plagiolherzolites and olivine gabbro-norite-dolerites of the Early-Bajocian Pervomaysk–Ayu-Dag complex of mesozoids in Rocky Crimea, specifically, in the littoral Balaklava cliffs near Sevastopol. Crystals of cumulative Mg-olivine contain the inclusions of alumomagnesiochromite and Mg alumochromite in the center and the inclusions of alumochromite partly replaced by chromespinels of the 2nd generation (Ti-Al ferrychromite and chrometitanomagnetite) in the external zones. Chromespinels of the 1st generation are moderately chromic and ferrian (f = 4555), contain 8–14 mass.% Fe2O3 and up to 1,2% TiO2; that sharply distinguishes them from chromespinels of alpinotypes ultrabasic rocks. Chromespinels of the 2nd generation are more ferrian (f = 5875) and contain up to 26 mass.% Fe2O3, 2,5–9% TiO2 and up to 1,8% V2O3. The typical basic trend from ferrian alumomagnesiochromite to chrometitanomagnetite is characteristic for Balaklava chromespinels. Tabular armalcolite crystals are up to 0,60,2 mm included in intercumulus magnesian bronzite and augite, anorthite and bytownite. Balaklava armalcolite contains 63–66 mass.% TiO2, 6,9–8,4% MgO, 9,9–11,7% FeO, 13–18% Fe2O3, up to 1,5% Al2O3 and V2O3, up to 0,7% Cr2O3. The armalcolite formulae is (Mg0,38–0,45Fe2+0,30–0,34Fe3+0,36–0,49V0,04–0,05Al0–0,06Cr0–0,02Ti1,73–1,77)3O5; in minals, molar %: 38–45 MgTi2O5, 31–36 Fe2+Ti2O5, 23–27Fe3+2TiO5. Rare baddeleyite with 1,6–3,1% HfO2(ZrO2:HfO2 = 57–30, av. 44) and zirconolite associate with armalcolite. Zirconolite contains 4–6,5 mass.% Y2O3, 4–8% REE2O3, from traces up to 4,5% ThO2, <0,5% UO2, 0,7–1,4% HfO2 (ZrO2:HfO2 = 47–25, av. 38). The distribution of lanthanides in Balaklava zirconolite is Ce = Nd > Dy > Gd > Sm, Yb, Er, Lu, Tb > Pr. The zirconolite formulae is (Ca0,7Y0,2REE0,1)Zr(Ti1,6Fe2+0,3Fe3+0,1)2O7. The recent formations are ilmenite-I with 5–8 mass.% MgO and 0,3–0,6% MnO, titanomagnetite, hydroxyl-fluorapatite, ilmenite-II, poor in Mg and enriched in Mn. Armalcolite is partly replaced by ilmenite-II. Perhaps, an existence and preservation of armalcolite and zirconolite within the near surface basic intrusions of the Crimean Mountains is caused by poor development of late magmatic processes.
The influence of salinity on acoustic and electrical properties of frozen soils
Authors: Koshurnikov A. V. , Kotov P. I. , Agapkin I. A.
Published: October 2021

The results of determining acoustic and electrical properties of frozen saline soils (sand and silt) of massive cryogenic texture at different water content (3 values for each type of soil), salinity (7 values for silt and 5 for sand) and temperatures (–2, –4, –6 ᵒC) are given in the article. As a result, data on the high correlation between specific electrical resistivity and concentration of the pore solution and between ratio of a concentration of the pore solution to temperature and the velocity of longitudinal waves were obtained. Electrical resistivity can decrease by 2–22 times during the transition from a low-saline to a highly saline state and for longitudinal wave velocities only two times. Therefore, it is the electrical properties that are most suitable for the ranking of soils by the degree of salinity.
Geochemistry of rees in the natural waters and the secondary phases from thermal fields of Kamchatka
Authors: Chelnokov G. A. , Kharitonova N. A. , Bragin I. V. , Aseeva A. V. , Bushkareva K. Yu. , Liamina L. A.
Published: October 2021

A study of the distribution of rare-earth elements in surface and underground waters, waterbearing rocks, as well as secondary mineral formed by the thermal waters of the Paratunka and Viluchinsky hydrothermal systems of Kamchatka was carried out. It was found that the REE content, their distribution and fractionation differ depending on the geochemical type of water, as well as the pH–Eh of the aquifer. All waters are characterized by the predominance of the dissolved form of the REE water transfer, which exceeds the transfer of REE with colloids by a factor of a thousand. It has been shown that in the discharge areas of the studied thermal waters carbonates, sulfates and silicates, including calcite, gypsum, and amorphous opal, are widespread. The intensity of the REE redistribution process in the rock-water-secondary deposits system is very weak in waters where REEs are associated with sulfates. At the same time, REEs bound in water with carbonate complexes most actively accumulate in newly formed mineral phases.
Structure of the tectonosphere of the Kerguelen plateau margins according to the geological and geophysical data
Authors: Dubinin E. P. , Shaikhullina A. A. , Bulychev A. A. , Leitchenkov G. L. , Maksimova A. A.
Published: October 2021

Kerguelen Plateau is the largest underwater rise in the southern Indian Ocean. The heterogeneous structure of the crust, plume magmatic activity, as well as a different ages of adjacent basins — all this indicates a different structure of the marginal zones of the plateau. In this work, on the basis of geological and geophysical information, various morphodynamic types of the margins of the Kerguelen plateau are identified. An analysis of the bottom topography and data of potential fields together with two-dimensional density modeling allows us to specify the deep structure of the tectonosphere of the margins of the Kerguelen plateau and take a fresh look at their nature.
New notions of Vikulovskaya series reservoir model in the area of Krasnoleninskoye field (Western Siberia)
Authors: Isakova T. G. , Diakonova T. F. , Nosikova A. D. , Savchenko D. S. , Korobova N. I. , Sautkin R. S. , Kalmykov A. G. , Kalmykov G. A.
Published: October 2021

Detailed lithological, sedimentological, petrophysical studies of columns and core samples of Vikulovskaya series were performed. On the basis of researches the new model of a reservoir was made and new methods of volumetric parameters estimation based on well logs were established.
New data on chemical composition of lithium mica from granitic pegmatites of Murzinka pluton (Central Urals)
Authors: Gvozdenko T. A. , Baksheev I. A. , Gerasimova E. I. , Khanin D. A. , Chervyakovskya M. V. , Yapaskurt V. O.
Published: October 2021

Mica samples from granitic pegmatites of Mokrusha and Ministerskaya mines, Murzinka pluton, Central Urals are polylithionite, sokolovaite, trilithionite, Li-bearing muscovite, and annite–phlogopite series. Chromium and magnesium, uncommon elements for light mica are detected in samples from both mines, indicates host-rock contamination of pegmatites. The low values K/Rb ratio and Ta/Nb ratio define a very high degree of pegmatite differentiation of both mines.
Particularity of chemical preparation of bottom sediment samples for multi-element ICP-MS analysis
Authors: Bychkova Ya. V. , Starodymova D. P. , Shaikhutdinova K. V. , Diagileva D. R. , Semernin M. A. , Dekunova E. M. , Nikolayeva I. Yu. , Bychkov A. Yu.
Published: October 2021

Various techniques have been tested (multi-acid microwave decomposition and sintering with soda) for preparing samples for the analysis of ICP-MS for samples with a complex matrix including an organic component for the subsequent determination of the microelement composition. For research, we used samples of bottom sediments: terrigenous clay (SDO-1), volcanic-terrigenous silt (SDO-2), calcareous silt (SDO-3), ferromanganese nodules (SDO-5), Baikal silt (BIL-1) and complex sediment sample of Baikal (BIL-2). The most effective sample preparation methods for the studied rock type are proposed.
Q-factor determitation with seismoacoustis well logs for estimation of distribution of inhomogeneities in artificial grounds
Authors: Shmurak D. V.
Published: October 2021

Quality control in geotechnical engineering is becoming an important issue, especially when products are buried underground. Seismoacoustic methods are widely used for investigations in such structures. In this article seismoacoustic well logs from hidden structures (made by jet grouting technology) are being processed with the goal of obtaining additional information about distribution of heterogeneities in improves grounds. Two methods of estimation Q-factor are used: frequency shift method and amplitude ratios method.
The Pashtun Borderlands: Development, Nation, and Agency 1947–55
Authors: Nichols Robert
Published: October 2021

Histories of Afghanistan, Pakistan, and the North-West Frontier summarize the borderland events of 1947 and the next years as concerned with several enduring issues. The nation-states of Afghanistan and Pakistan became rivals. Each projected different, contested claims to sovereignty over border territories and populations. The Afghan government, especially Sardar Muhammad Daud, used the Pakhtunistan issue to consolidate an Afghan national identity, attract borderland Pashtuns, and extract advantages from an economically weak, politically vulnerable Pakistan. Within the tribal agencies, the government of Pakistan at first withdrew regular military units from forward bases, nominally to exhibit nation-building unity in a new country for Muslims.1In both countries, economic development and political integration were policy goals intended to build human capital and legitimate the nation-state, but also to maintain established internal hierarchies of authority and power.2By 1955 despite such efforts, borderland residents continued to negotiate relationships with state officials now recruiting signatures on documents of national loyalty.3
Servicio Nacional de Asistencia Pública. Modelo para fortalecer el primer nivel de atención en salud
Authors: Garmendia-Lorena Fausto , Mendoza-Arana Pedro
Published: October 2021

El Servicio Nacional de Asistencia Pública se creó en el Perú en el año 1912 como Servicio Nacional de Primeros Auxilios con cuatro secciones. En 1945 se inauguró el Puesto Central como Servicio Médico Quirúrgico de Emergencias y Primeros Auxilios. En 1951, se incorpora a médicos especialistas y estudiantes del último año de Medicina, ambulancias para atención domiciliaria y apertura puestos periféricos en varios distritos de Lima, El Callao y algunas capitales de departamento. La atención se efectuaba mediante equipos en turnos continuos de 24 horas incluyendo los domingos y feriados. En 1980 se desinstala el Servicio Nacional de Salud Pública y se migra a un modelo centralizado en el Hospital de Emergencias José Casimiro Ulloa. El artículo fundamenta la utilidad de recobrar el modelo del Sistema Nacional de Asistencia Pública, entendido como un componente funcional del Sistema de Salud, que fortalecerá el primer nivel de atención en salud.
Trastorno del Espectro Autista
Authors: Herrera-Del Aguila Dwight Denis
Published: October 2021

Son muchos los autores que han descrito el trastorno del espectro autista desde que las primeras referencias hechas por el monje Alemán Johannes Mathesius escritas en el siglo XVI. A pesar que en el siglo XX se acuñara el término “autismo” como parte de la descripción de la clínica del paciente con esquizofrenia hemos visto como a través del tiempo este concepto ha ido evolucionando hasta convertirse en una entidad diagnóstica propia descrita en los manuales de psiquiatría. Es por esto que el presente artículo se avocará en hacer un repaso de los principales autores que contribuyeron con la descripción del trastorno del espectro autista, así como su evolución en los manuales diagnósticos.
Desarrollo de las Vacunas contra el SARS-CoV-2 y las implicancias relacionadas a la aparición de las variantes del virus
Authors: Lanata-de las Casas Claudio F. , Ecker-Ledesma Lucie , Cornejo-Cotos Rubelio E. , Celis-Albújar Carlos R. , Díaz-Parra Carmen del Pilar , Ricalde-Ponce de León Sheby A. , Flores-Salmón Omar , Ochoa Porras Mayra , Peña-Peralta Bia , Gil-Merino Ana I.
Published: October 2021

La aparición de la pandemia causada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 tomó desprevenido al mundo entero. Sin embargo, la reacción ha sido asombrosa. En poco más de un año de la aparición del virus, se cuenta con cientos de vacunas en desarrollo y varias de ellas vienen siendo aplicadas en casi todo el mundo. En este manuscrito revisamos el estado actual del desarrollo de las vacunas, resaltando aquéllas que cuentan con estudios de Fase III (eficacia) o IV (efectividad). Además, revisamos las variantes de interés y de preocupación del virus SARS-CoV-2 detectadas hasta el momento y qué se sabe sobre de la eficacia de las vacunas contra ellas.
Estatus Migrañoso con Pleocitosis Linfocítica: Reporte de un Caso
Authors: Bancalari-Benavides Ernesto , Rodriguez-Calienes Aaron
Published: October 2021

Un varón de 40 años, con antecedente de migraña, experimentó un episodio de cefalea occipital, tinitus y fotopsias. Fue tratado con analgésicos en la emergencia con alivio parcial durante 3 visitas consecutivas en la semana previa a la hospitalización. Al ingreso al piso de hospitalización, no se evidenciaron anormalidades en el examen físico general ni en el neurológico. Se realizó una punción lumbar (PL) la cual solo presentó 100 células mononucleares con niveles normales de proteína y glucosa. Estudios microbiológicos y virológicos en líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR) y estudios de imágenes cerebrales no fueron contributorios. El dolor solo fue controlado luego de bloqueo nervioso trigeminal. Cinco días luego del ingreso y con el estatus migrañoso resuelto, una segunda PL se realizó donde no se reportaron anormalidades, así como la resolución de la pleocitosis mononuclear. El reconocimiento de la pleocitosis en el contexto de un episodio migrañoso agudo podría servir para evitar investigaciones innecesarias y el mal uso de recursos clínicos cuando no tienen indicación clínica.
Muscle Endurance Testing Using an Isokinetic Dynamometer and A Recumbent Stepper: A Correlation Study
Authors: Marie-Eve Pepin , Alyssa Thornton , Vittoria Gasperoni , Jillian Kosky , Laura Lowrey , Ansu Varghese , Sujay Galen
Published: October 2021

Purpose: A lack of objective and validated clinical measures to assess Quadriceps muscle endurance (ME) currently exists. The Transitt model of the NuStep recumbent stepper has the capability to measure ME but has not been validated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between ME measures on the NuStep and the isokinetic dynamometer (ID).

Methods: 30 healthy individuals were recruited to participate. On both the NuStep (70°/90° knee flexion) and ID (70° knee flexion), the participants were instructed to hold a submaximal isometric unilateral knee extension contraction until exhaustion. Descriptive statistics, inferential statistics and correlation analyses were used with significance set at p<0.05.

Results: There was excellent correlation (r between 0.813 to 0.840, p<0.001) between the average force generated by the individuals on the ID and the NuStep. There was a fair correlation (r between 0.331 to 0.413, p<0.05) for the ME measures between the ID and the NuStep.

Conclusions: The NuStep shows excellent agreement for average force measurements. Future studies are needed to validate the NuStep as an objective measure of ME in both healthy and clinical populations.
PELATIHAN PEMANFAATAN MEDIA SOSIAL INSTAGRAM SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMASARAN IKAN BETTA SPLENDENS DAN BRANDING BISNIS DI KELURAHAN SUMBERSARI KOTA MALANG
Authors: Hadiwinata Khrisna , Shohib Muslim  , Hudriyah Mundzir
Published: October 2021

Selama hampir satu tahun terakhir, pandemi virus corona telah mengubah pola kehidupan masyarakat di berbagai bidang, termasuk perekonomian dan bisnis, sosial, politik, pendidikan dan teknologi. Di tengah pandemi saat ini, pelaku usaha baik kecil, menengah dan besar harus berpikir keras dalam menjalankan usahanya. Pemanfaatan teknologi yang dibarengi dengan pemasaran dan branding bisnis produk melalu media sosial menjadi solusinya. Tak sedikit pelaku usaha memanfaatkan media sosial Instagram untuk menjual produknya itu, akan tetapi banyak juga persoalan yang dihadapi dalam pemanfaatan jejaring tersebut. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk menganalisa sejauh mana peran media sosial Instagram sebagai media pemasaran dan branding bisnis di era pandemic covid 19 saat ini dan mengambil tempat di peternak Ikan Betta Splendens. Instagram sebagai salah satu media sosial di Indonesia yang memiliki banyak penggemar disinyalir akan membantu pemasaran dan branding bisnis kepada para pelaku usaha. Karena di era pandemi saat ini tidak hanya pengusaha kecil saja yang terkena dampak tapi juga pengusaha besar mengalami dampak kelesuan di penjualan produknya. Media sosial instagram sebagai salah satu sarana dalam melakukan promosi penjualan yang mudah dan efektif, instagram juga memiliki banyak keuntungan bagi pemasar, salah satunya adalah pemasar atau pelapak tidak perlu mengeluarkan uang untuk biaya promosi produk mereka, dengan begitu pelaku usaha bisa melakukan promosi sepuasnya agar produk mereka bisa menguasai pasar. Hal ini juga sebagai upaya meningkatkan penjualan produk lokal di tengah pandemic khususnya ikan Betta Splendens.

 

Kata Kunci : Media Sosial Instagram, Media Pemasaran, Branding Bisnis
Pelatihan Pembuatan Video Pembelajaran Bagi Guru KB/TK Alfath Bunulrejo Kota Malang
Authors: Arief Prasetyo  , Elok Nur Hamdana  , Meyti Eka Apriyani  , M. Unggul Pamenang  , Sofyan Noor Arief
Published: October 2021

Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan    guru tentang pemanfaatan video sebagai media pembelajaran; dan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan guru-guru KB/TK dalam membuat dan mengembangkan media pembelajaran dengan video. Pembuatan video pembelajaran ini diupayakan sebagai penunjang anak selama masa pandemi selain media pembelajaran lainnya. Video pembelajaran dinilai efektif untuk dapat mendukung sistem pembelajaran yang akan diberikan kepada anak usia dini agar sistem pembelajaran dapat sesuai dengan tujuannya. Kegiatan pelatihan ini diperuntukan bagi guru KB/TK Alfath Bunulrejo Malang yang dapat diikuti oleh sekitar 5 orang guru. Untuk topik video pembelajaran yang akan diambil disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan dan materi yang akan dijadikan media pembelajaran berbasis video. Pelatihan ini akan dilakukan secara daring dengan metode ceramah, demontrasi, dan Latihan mandiri melalui stui kasus. Materi pelatihan dimulai dengan konsep produksi media, software, storyboard, shooting, editingvideo, dan finalisasi. Hasil yang dicapai dari kegiatan ini adalah para guru peserta pelatihan telah meningkat kompetensinya dalam megembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis video sesuai dengan kompotensi yang diajarkan kepada siswa.
Penyusunan Silabus dan Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran di TPA Madinah Maarif 10 Malang
Authors: Harsanti Winda , Sugiharti  , Ratih Indri Hapsari  , Nain Dhaniarti Raharjo  , Agustin Dita Lestari
Published: October 2021

Madrasah Diniah Maarif 10 adalah salah satu pendidikan non formal di bidang keagamaan yang ada di Kota Malang. Dalam pelaksanaan pendidikannya saat ini, madrasah ini belum memiliki perangkat kurikulum yang menjadi acuan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Kegiatan pengabdian ini ditujukan untuk memberi penyuluhan dan pendampingan dalam penyusunan perangkat kurikulum yang meliputi kurikulum, silabus dan Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP). Dari hasil pendampingan tersebut, tersusun kurikulum pendidikan mulai jenjang terendah (jilid 1) sampai jenjang tertinggi (Al Quran) untuk mata pelajaran utama dan muatan lokal. Pelajaran utama adalah tilawati atau Al Quran, sedangkan muatan lokal meliputi akidah akhlak, quran hadis, fikih, dan sejarah kebudayaan islam. Hasil dari penyusunan perangkat kurikulum ini bermanfaat dalam kegiatan pembelajaran agar proses belajar mengajar di madrasah ini dapat terstruktur dengan baik dan tujuan pendidikan dapat tercapai.

 

Kata kunci—kurikulum, RPP, silabus
Upaya Peningkatan Anak Di Panti Asuhan Al Husna Kabupaten Malang Melalui Pelatihan Teknologi Informasi
Authors: Mochammad Junus  , Septriandi Wira Yoga  , Nurul Hidayati  , Rieke Adriati Wijayanti
Published: October 2021

Abstrak

Panti asuhan merupakan sebuah lembaga usaha kesejahteraan sosial yang mempunyai tanggung jawab untuk memberikan pelayanan kesejahteraan sosial kepada anak telantar dengan melaksanakan penyantunan dan pengentasan anak telantar, memberikan pelayanan pengganti fisik, mental, dan sosial pada anak asuh,sehingga memperoleh kesempatan yang luas, tepat dan memadai bagi perkembangan kepribadiannya sesuai dengan yang diharapkan sebagai bagian dari generasi penerus cita-cita bangsa dan sebagai insan yang akan turut serta aktif di dalam bidang pembangunan nasional. Dalam hasil pengabdian yang dilakukan, peserta pria lebih baik dalam menyerap materi yang diberikan daripada peserta wanita bailk dalam hal pelatihan email, drive, dan platform jual beli online.
PELATIHAN MEMBATIK TEKNIK GESEK GODHONG BAGI SANTRIWATI PONDOK PESANTRENA NURUL IKHSAN DI KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Alifiulahtin Utaminingsih
Published: October 2021

Seseorang yang memiliki jiwa wirausaha  adalah seorang yang bertindak kreatif dan inovatif. Seorang wirausaha terlepas apakah karena bakat atau dari proses pengembangan keterampilan, pada umumnya memiliki ciri-ciri: gemar berusaha, tegar walaupun gagal, percaya diri, memiliki self determination atau locus of control yang baik, berani menanggung segala risiko, memandang perubahan sebagai suatu tantangan dan peluang. Pondok Pesantren Nurul Ihsan Desa Krebet, Kecamatan Bululawang Kabupaten Malang berada dalam lingkungan pertanian, sehingga banyak dedaunan dari berbagai jenis tanaman yang bisa dimanfaatkan untuk motif batik gesek godhong sehingga fokus yang menarik untuk dilakukannya pengabdian masyarakat adalah pelatihan membatik gesek godhong  karena alat-alat mudah didapat dan bahannya cukup terjangkau dengan memanfaatkan corak dan getah berbagai jenis tanam-tanaman (daun-daunan maupun bunga-bungaan) yang ada dilingkungan sekitar pondok pesantren. Permasalahan yang ditemukan adalah belum optimalnya pengembangan life skill berupa peningkatan keterampilan santriwati, oleh sebab itu perlu untuk dilakukan pengembangan kapasitas diri bagi santriwati Pondok Pesantren Nurul Ihsan Desa Krebet, Kecamatan Bululawang Kabupaten Malang dengan menumbuhkan jiwa wirausaha berbasis ekonomi kreatif dan inovatif yang bernilai ekonomis melalui keterampilan membatik gesek godhong, sehingga kedepannya mampu menciptakan wirausaha perempuan  guna meningkatkan pendapatan keluarga.

Kata kunci---wirausaha, santriwati, kreatif ,  inovatif dan  batik gesek godhong
BIMBINGAN DAN PENDAMPINGAN PENGELOLAAN PENYELENGGARAAN EVENT UNTUK UMKM KOPI SAWAH
Authors: Anjari Becik Gati , Erlangga Andi Sukma  , Izzatul Ulya  , Eko Boedhi Santoso  , Rizka Rahmawati
Published: October 2021

Event merupakan kegiatan rutin yang sering diadakan baik dari perorangan seperti hajatan perkawinan, ataupun perusahaan seperti konferensi dan juga pemilik kafe seperti mengadakan live music untuk menarik pelanggan. Adanya pandemic covid-19 ini tentunya sangat mempengaruhi penyelenggaraan event karena ada banyak peraturan terkait protocol kesehatan yang harus dipatuhi oleh penyelenggara. Oleh sebab itulah, maka PKM ini dibuat untuk memberikan jalan tengah kepada pengusaha, di sini adalah Kedai Kopi Sawah, agar tetap dapat mengadakan event namun tetap sesuai dengan protocol kesehatan. Pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan parisipasi dari pemilik usaha untuk memetakan event apa yang sering diselenggarakan dan masalah apa yang dihadapi, dan setelah itu akan dilanjutkan dengan proses penyuluhan, diskusi dan pendampingan. Dari keseluruhan rangkaian kegiatan pengabdian ini, pemilik merasa bahwa pembimbingan terhadap pelaksanaan event di masa pandemic ini sangat membantu dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan event mereka.
PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PAUD FLAMBOYAN RW 01 MERJOSARI KOTA MALANG MELALUI PENGADAAN ALAT PENUNJANG BELAJAR
Authors: Etik Puspitasari  , Hari Rarindo  , Lisa Agustriyana  , Purwoko  , Moh. Hartono
Published: October 2021

Paud Flamboyan RW 01 Merjosari Kota Malang merupakan PAUD yang berada dibawah binaan RW 01 Merjosari Kota Malang. Permasalahan yang dihadapi adalah tidak adanya sarana atau alat penunjang kegiatan belajar mengajar di PAUD yang banyak sekali membutuhkan mengeprint gambar-gambar atau latihan soal untuk pekerjaan anak-anak PAUD serta menggandakan atau fotokopi latihan soal dengan cepat tanpa guru harus keluar dari sekolah pada saat jam kerja untuk sekedar mengfotokopi atau mengeprint lembar tugas untuk anak-anak PAUD. Selain itu permainan edukatif di PAUD Flamboyan untuk anak-anak PAUD masih kurang sehingga perlu diadakan permainan edukatif untuk meningkatkan kualitas anak-anak Paud Flamboyan. Dengan memberikan alat penunjang belajar mengajar bertujuan agar memudahkan guru dalam proses belajar mengajar di PAUD FLAMBOYAN dalam hal penggandaan soal-soal untuk anak PAUD dan untuk kepentingan administrasi kantor tanpa harus keluar di jam mengajar dan sudah tersedia di kantor guru PAUD. Dan juga dengan memberikan permainan edukatif seperti balok bangun, puzzle, kotak alfabet dan lain lain dapat meningkatkan kualitas motorik bagi anak-anak PAUD FLAMBOYAN RW 1 Merjosari Kota Malang. Metode yang digunakan adalah TIM PPM Polinema memberi pelatihan cara pengoperasian alat penunjang belajar yang telah diberikan bagi para guru dan permainan edukatif bagi anak PAUD. Hasil yang telah diperoleh adalah para guru telah dapat mengoperasikan dan mempergunakan alat penunjang belajar untuk kepentingan PAUD yaitu dapat mengeprint ijazah anak PAUD dan laporan administrasi, menscan foto-foto dan tugas anak PAUD dan  memfotokopi tugas-tugas anak PAUD baik warna maupun hitam putih sehingga alat penunjang belajar ini sangat membantu bagi kepentingan PAUD FLAMBOYAN. Selain itu pemberian mainan edukatif  yang telah diberikan ke PAUD FLAMBOYAN dapat menambah koleksi permainan dan meningkatkan kualitas motorik bagi anak-anak PAUD.

 

Kata kunci : Alat Penunjang Belajar Mengajar, Paud Flamboyan, Permainan Edukatif.
PELATIHAN PENGENALAN RAMBU-RAMBU LALU LINTAS DAN PRIORITAS PENGGUNA JALAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA INTERAKTIF
Authors: Eka Larasati Amalia  , Vivin Ayu Lestari  , Mustika Mentari  , Farida Ulfa  , Vivi Nur Wijayaningrum  , Chintya Puspa Dewi  , Dimas Shella Charlinawati  , Ermi Pristiyaningrum
Published: October 2021

Tingginya minat anak-anak terhadap teknologi menyebabkan pentingnya dilakukan pengarahan agar anak-anak dapat memanfaatkan teknologi untuk kegiatan pembelajaran secara positif. Anak-anak sebagai generasi penerus bangsa harus dapat dididik secara benar untuk menjadi generasi yang berkualitas melalui berbagai kegiatan seperti stimulasi, pengasuhan, pendampingan, dan pelatihan yang bertujuan untuk mengembangkan potensi dan pengetahuan anak-anak agar dapat berkembang secara optimal. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dianggap perlu dilakukan untuk memperkenalkan penggunaan teknologi yang bermanfaat kepada anak-anak di Taman Baca Galeri Kreatif. Kegiatan ini dikemas dalam bentuk pelatihan melalui sebuah aplikasi permainan tentang rambu-rambu lalu lintas dan prioritas pengguna jalan. Berdasarkan hasil uji coba permainan rambu-rambu lalu lintas dan prioritas pengguna jalan untuk anak-anak di Taman Baca Galeri Kreatif, diketahui minat dan antusias mereka dalam proses pembelajaran sangat tinggi. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan tingginya partisipasi para peserta didik untuk berpartisipasi dalam menjawab soal yang berkaitan dengan rambu-rambu lalu lintas secara tepat.
Achieving Multidimensional Educational Goals Through Standard-Oriented Teaching. An Application to STEM Education
Authors: Schiepe-Tiska Anja , Heinle Anna , Dümig Paula , Reinhold Frank , Reiss Kristina
Published: October 2021

Socially and in relation to the individual, schools’ mission for STEM education is not limited to the teaching of knowledge and cognitive skills. Although they form an important basis for dealing with today’s challenges in a self-confident and responsible manner, they alone are not enough. Positive attitudes towards learning are additional important prerequisites for lifelong learning and participation in society. However, national educational standards still focus mainly on developing cognitive competencies. They hardly take into account multidimensional educational goals that combine both cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes. At the classroom level, in everyday school life, addressing both is one of the greatest challenges. Introducing standard-oriented curricula may have the potential to shift teachers’ professional perception also to non-cognitive educational goals. We argue that, in order to foster multidimensional educational goals, they need to be more clearly addressed at the policy, teacher training, and teaching level. One important research agenda within STEM education for the next years will be to examine and discuss the connection between the implementation of standard-oriented teaching, the achievement of multiple educational goals, and teachers’ professional competence.
The Infertility Trap: The Fertility Costs of Group-Living in Mammalian Social Evolution
Authors: Dunbar Robin I. M. , Shultz Susanne
Published: October 2021

Mammal social groups vary considerably in size from single individuals to very large herds. In some taxa, these groups are extremely stable, with at least some individuals being members of the same group throughout their lives; in other taxa, groups are unstable, with membership changing by the day. We argue that this variability in grouping patterns reflects a tradeoff between group size as a solution to environmental demands and the costs created by stress-induced infertility (creating an infertility trap). These costs are so steep that, all else equal, they will limit group size in mammals to ∼15 individuals. A species will only be able to live in larger groups if it evolves strategies that mitigate these costs. We suggest that mammals have opted for one of two solutions. One option (fission-fusion herding) is low cost but high risk; the other (bonded social groups) is risk-averse, but costly in terms of cognitive requirements.
Intelligence as Information Processing: Brains, Swarms, and Computers
Authors: Gershenson Carlos
Published: October 2021

There is no agreed definition of intelligence, so it is problematic to simply ask whether brains, swarms, computers, or other systems are intelligent or not. To compare the potential intelligence exhibited by different cognitive systems, I use the common approach used by artificial intelligence and artificial life: Instead of studying the substrate of systems, let us focus on their organization. This organization can be measured with information. Thus, I apply an informationist epistemology to describe cognitive systems, including brains and computers. This allows me to frame the usefulness and limitations of the brain-computer analogy in different contexts. I also use this perspective to discuss the evolution and ecology of intelligence.
Chemical Mechanical Polishing of GaSb Wafers for Significantly Improved Surface Quality
Authors: Yan Bing , Liang Hongyu , Liu Yongfeng , Liu Weihua , Yuan Wenhui , Zhang Bingjie , Huang Li
Published: October 2021

Gallium antimonide (GaSb) is considered an ideal substrate for heterostructure growth via molecular beam epitaxy. A significant aspect that inhibits the widespread application of infrared plane-array detector growth on GaSb is the starting substrate surface quality. In this study, the chemical mechanical polishing of GaSb wafers is investigated by considering the effects of the polishing pad, polishing solution, polishing time and pH buffer on their surface morphology and roughness. The surface morphology and root mean square (RMS) roughness of the free-standing wafers are characterized using a white light interferometer, a laser interferometer and an atomic force microscope. X-ray tomography is employed to measure the surface crystalline quality and strain defects of the samples subjected to the polishing treatments. The results show that with the optimum polishing condition, the polished GaSb wafers demonstrate high-quality surfaces without haze, scratches or strain defect regions. The peak to valley value is 5.0 μm and the RMS roughness can be controlled at less than 0.13 nm. A buffer layer grown on the GaSb surface with molecular beam epitaxy is examined via atomic force microscopy and high-resolution X-ray diffraction, which show a low RMS roughness of 0.159 nm, a well-controlled two-dimensional growth mode and a full width half maximum of the Bragg diffraction peak of 14.2”, indicating high-quality GaSb wafers. Thus, this work provides useful guidelines for achieving GaSb wafers with high-quality surfaces that show significant promise for substrate applications.
Synaptic Release Potentiation at Aging Auditory Ribbon Synapses
Authors: Peineau Thibault , Belleudy Séverin , Pietropaolo Susanna , Bouleau Yohan , Dulon Didier
Published: October 2021

Age-related hidden hearing loss is often described as a cochlear synaptopathy that results from a progressive degeneration of the inner hair cell (IHC) ribbon synapses. The functional changes occurring at these synapses during aging are not fully understood. Here, we characterized this aging process in IHCs of C57BL/6J mice, a strain which is known to carry a cadherin-23 mutation and experiences early hearing loss with age. These mice, while displaying a large increase in auditory brainstem thresholds due to 50% loss of IHC synaptic ribbons at middle age (postnatal day 365), paradoxically showed enhanced acoustic startle reflex suggesting a hyperacusis-like response. The auditory defect was associated with a large shrinkage of the IHCs' cell body and a drastic enlargement of their remaining presynaptic ribbons which were facing enlarged postsynaptic AMPAR clusters. Presynaptic Ca2+ microdomains and the capacity of IHCs to sustain high rates of exocytosis were largely increased, while on the contrary the expression of the fast-repolarizing BK channels, known to negatively control transmitter release, was decreased. This age-related synaptic plasticity in IHCs suggested a functional potentiation of synaptic transmission at the surviving synapses, a process that could partially compensate the decrease in synapse number and underlie hyperacusis.
Electroencephalogram Emotion Recognition Based on 3D Feature Fusion and Convolutional Autoencoder
Authors: An Yanling , Hu Shaohai , Duan Xiaoying , Zhao Ling , Xie Caiyun , Zhao Yingying
Published: October 2021

As one of the key technologies of emotion computing, emotion recognition has received great attention. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are spontaneous and difficult to camouflage, so they are used for emotion recognition in academic and industrial circles. In order to overcome the disadvantage that traditional machine learning based emotion recognition technology relies too much on a manual feature extraction, we propose an EEG emotion recognition algorithm based on 3D feature fusion and convolutional autoencoder (CAE). First, the differential entropy (DE) features of different frequency bands of EEG signals are fused to construct the 3D features of EEG signals, which retain the spatial information between channels. Then, the constructed 3D features are input into the CAE constructed in this paper for emotion recognition. In this paper, many experiments are carried out on the open DEAP dataset, and the recognition accuracy of valence and arousal dimensions are 89.49 and 90.76%, respectively. Therefore, the proposed method is suitable for emotion recognition tasks.
Retinal Vein Changes as a Biomarker to Guide Diagnosis and Management of Elevated Intracranial Pressure
Authors: Moss Heather E.
Published: October 2021

Retinal vein changes, which can be observed on clinical exam or ophthalmic imaging, are promising non-invasive biomarkers for elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) as a complement to other markers of high ICP including optic nerve head swelling. Animal and human studies have demonstrated increase in retinal vein pressure associated with elevated ICP mediated by increase in cerebral venous pressure, compression of venous outflow by elevated cerebral spinal fluid pressure in the optic nerve sheath, and compression of venous outflow by optic nerve head swelling. Retinal vein pressure can be estimated using ophthalmodynamometry. Correlates of retinal vein pressure include spontaneous retinal venous pulsations, retinal vein diameter, and retinal vein tortuosity. All of these have potential for clinical use to diagnose and monitor elevated ICP. Challenges include diagnostic prediction based on single clinical measurements and accurate assessment of retinal vein parameters in cases where optic nerve head swelling limits visualization of the retinal veins.
Multifractal Functional Connectivity Analysis of Electroencephalogram Reveals Reorganization of Brain Networks in a Visual Pattern Recognition Paradigm
Authors: Stylianou Orestis , Racz Frigyes Samuel , Kim Keumbi , Kaposzta Zalan , Czoch Akos , Yabluchanskiy Andriy , Eke Andras , Mukli Peter
Published: October 2021

The human brain consists of anatomically distant neuronal assemblies that are interconnected via a myriad of synapses. This anatomical network provides the neurophysiological wiring framework for functional connectivity (FC), which is essential for higher-order brain functions. While several studies have explored the scale-specific FC, the scale-free (i.e., multifractal) aspect of brain connectivity remains largely neglected. Here we examined the brain reorganization during a visual pattern recognition paradigm, using bivariate focus-based multifractal (BFMF) analysis. For this study, 58 young, healthy volunteers were recruited. Before the task, 3-3 min of resting EEG was recorded in eyes-closed (EC) and eyes-open (EO) states, respectively. The subsequent part of the measurement protocol consisted of 30 visual pattern recognition trials of 3 difficulty levels graded as Easy, Medium, and Hard. Multifractal FC was estimated with BFMF analysis of preprocessed EEG signals yielding two generalized Hurst exponent-based multifractal connectivity endpoint parameters, H(2) and ΔH15; with the former indicating the long-term cross-correlation between two brain regions, while the latter captures the degree of multifractality of their functional coupling. Accordingly, H(2) and ΔH15 networks were constructed for every participant and state, and they were characterized by their weighted local and global node degrees. Then, we investigated the between- and within-state variability of multifractal FC, as well as the relationship between global node degree and task performance captured in average success rate and reaction time. Multifractal FC increased when visual pattern recognition was administered with no differences regarding difficulty level. The observed regional heterogeneity was greater for ΔH15 networks compared to H(2) networks. These results show that reorganization of scale-free coupled dynamics takes place during visual pattern recognition independent of difficulty level. Additionally, the observed regional variability illustrates that multifractal FC is region-specific both during rest and task. Our findings indicate that investigating multifractal FC under various conditions – such as mental workload in healthy and potentially in diseased populations – is a promising direction for future research.
Association Between Diet-Related Inflammation and COPD: Findings From NHANES III
Authors: Liu Haiyue , Tan Xilan , Liu Zuheng , Ma Xiaobo , Zheng Yanqing , Zhu Bo , Zheng Gangsen , Hu Yuehong , Fang Lili , Hong Guolin
Published: October 2021

Background and Aims: Little is known about diet-related inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, we aimed to explore the association between COPD and dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores in adults over 40 years old.

Methods: Data were obtained from the 2013 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). In the present study, 9,929 participants were included and analyzed. The DII score was calculated and divided into tertiles. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the odds ratios of DII tertiles.

Results: Participants were categorized into COPD (565, 5.69%) and non-COPD groups (9,364, 94.31%) according to interview information. COPD individuals had higher DII scores than non-COPD individuals (0.429 ± 1.809 vs. −0.191 ± 1.791, p < 0.001). The highest DII score tertile included 46.55% of COPD individuals was associated with lower family incomes and education and a higher smoking rate (p < 0.01). The odds ratios (95% CIs) of COPD according to logistic regression were 0.709 (0.512–0.982) for T1 and 0.645 (0.475–0.877) for T2 of the DII score (p = 0.011).

Conclusion: Higher DII scores were positively correlated with COPD in participants over 40 years old. These results further support that diet can be used as an intervention strategy for COPD management.
The Standard of Care Definitions on COVID-19 Pharmacological Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review
Authors: Addis Antonio , Amato Laura , Cruciani Fabio , Saulle Rosella , De Crescenzo Franco , Mitrova Zuzana , Vecchi Simona , Perrone Francesco , Davoli Marina
Published: October 2021

Background: Standard of Care (SoC) has been used with different significance across Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) on the treatment of Covid-19. In the context of a living systematic review on pharmacological interventions for COVID-19, we assessed the characteristics of the SoC adopted in the published RCTs.

Methods: We performed a systematic review searching Medline, Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Covid-19 register, international trial registers, medRxiv, bioRxiv, and arXiv up to April 10, 2021. We included all RCTs comparing any pharmacological intervention for Covid-19 against any drugs, placebo, or SoC. All trials selected have been classified as studies with SoC including treatments under investigation for COVID-19 (SoC+); studies with SoC without specifications regarding the potential therapies allowed (SoC-); studies including as control groups Placebo (P) or active controls (A+).

Results: We included in our analysis 144 RCTs, comprising 78,319 patients. Most of these trials included SoC (108; 75.0%); some in all arms of the study (69.7%) or just as independent comparators (30.3%). Treatments under investigation for COVID-19 in other trials were included in the SoC (SoC+) in 67 cases (62.0%), Thirty-one different therapeutic agents (alone or in combination) were counted within the studies with SoC+: mostly hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine (28), lopinavir/ritonavir (20) or azithromycin (16). No specification was given regarding treatment allowed in the control groups (SoC-) in 41 studies (38.0%).

Conclusion: Our analysis shows that the findings emerging from several clinical trials regarding the efficacy and safety of pharmacological intervention for COVID-19 might be jeopardized by the quality of control arms.
Effects of Positive End-Expiratory Pressure on Lung Recruitment, Respiratory Mechanics, and Intracranial Pressure in Mechanically Ventilated Brain-Injured Patients
Authors: Robba Chiara , Ball Lorenzo , Nogas Stefano , Battaglini Denise , Messina Antonio , Brunetti Iole , Minetti Giuseppe , Castellan Lucio , Rocco Patricia R. M. , Pelosi Paolo
Published: October 2021

Background: The pathophysiological effects of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on respiratory mechanics, lung recruitment, and intracranial pressure (ICP) in acute brain-injured patients have not been completely elucidated. The primary aim of this study was to assess the effects of PEEP augmentation on respiratory mechanics, quantitative computed lung tomography (qCT) findings, and its relationship with ICP modifications. Secondary aims included the assessment of the correlations between different factors (respiratory mechanics and qCT features) with the changes of ICP and how these factors at baseline may predict ICP response after greater PEEP levels.

Methods: A prospective, observational study included mechanically ventilated patients with acute brain injury requiring invasive ICP and who underwent two-PEEP levels lung CT scan. Respiratory system compliance (Crs), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), mean arterial pressure (MAP), data from qCT and ICP were obtained at PEEP 5 and 15 cmH2O.

Results: Sixteen examinations (double PEEP lung CT and neuromonitoring) in 15 patients were analyzed. The median age of the patients was 54 years (interquartile range, IQR = 39–65) and 53% were men. The median Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) at intensive care unit (ICU) admission was 8 (IQR = 3–12). Median alveolar recruitment was 2.5% of total lung weight (−1.5 to 4.7). PEEP from 5 to 15 cmH2O increased ICP [median values from 14.0 (11.2–17.5) to 23.5 (19.5–26.8) mmHg, p < 0.001, respectively]. The amount of recruited lung tissue on CT was inversely correlated with the change (Δ) in ICP (rho = −0.78; p = 0.0006). Additionally, ΔCrs (rho = −0.77, p = 0.008), ΔPaCO2 (rho = 0.81, p = 0.0003), and ΔMAP (rho = −0.64, p = 0.009) were correlated with ΔICP. Baseline Crs was not predictive of ICP response to PEEP.

Conclusions: The main factors associated with increased ICP after PEEP augmentation included reduced Crs, lower MAP and lung recruitment, and increased PaCO2, but none of these factors was able to predict, at baseline, ICP response to PEEP. To assess the potential benefits of increased PEEP in patients with acute brain injury, hemodynamic status, respiratory mechanics, and lung morphology should be taken into account.