bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Direct Line with the Monuments of the City. Case Study: Casa Bianca-Municipal Gallery of Thessaloniki. A Museum Pedagogy Approach
Authors: Tsichla Markella-Elpida , Mourati Eftychia
Published: January 2021

The villas of Thessaloniki, examples of eclecticism, are architectural “wonders” situated in eastern Thessaloniki, in the district of “Exoches” or “Pyrgoi”, as it was called in the middle of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. Casa Bianca is well known to the people of Thessaloniki, not only for its unique architecture, which is impressive since it creates an aesthetically pleasing result, but also for the story of romance that unfolded inside it. Casa Bianca shifted between various owners and uses. Starting as a house that was given as a wedding present to the newlywed couple Diaz, it was later used as a school, while today it is occupied by the Municipal Gallery of Thessaloniki. The present study aims to approach Casa Bianca, from the point of museum pedagogy with references to the factual history and the history of Art. That can be accomplished by designing an educational program which aims to introduce the young and the elder to the building, to its architecture as well as the choice of its eclectic style by the architect Pietro Arrigoni, the importance of this style in Thessaloniki of that period, the multicultural characteristics and its connection to the composition of the population of that time, the story of romance that monopolized the press at the time, the choice of architect and the various uses of the building up to this day. The educational program designed for Casa Bianca is in sync with the requirements of our time and for this reason it was decided that it would be designed and implemented online (distance learning), i.e. via computer. The website, that was designed exclusively for the Casa Bianca educational program, with the use of various types of media such as text, image, video and interactive games, seeks to stimulate the imagination and curiosity of users and to offer the maximum possible information through an experiential teaching approach and also through active learning.
Non-viral reprogramming of human nucleus pulposus cells with FOXF1 via extracellular vesicle delivery: an in vitro and in vivo study
Authors:   3155 Biomedical and Materials Engineering Complex, 140 W. 19th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA, Tang S , Salazar-Puerta A , Richards J , Khan S , Hoyland JA , Gallego-Perez D , Walter B , Higuita-Castro N , Purmessur D
Published: January 2021

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is characterized by decreased cellularity and proteoglycan synthesis and increased inflammation, catabolism, and neural/vascular ingrowth. Regenerative methods for IVD degeneration are largely cell-therapy-based or involve viral vectors, which are associated with mutagenesis and undesired immune responses. The present study used bulk electroporation and engineered extracellular vesicles (EVs) to deliver forkhead-box F1 (FOXF1) mRNA to degenerate human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells as a minimally invasive therapeutic strategy for IVD regeneration. Bulk electroporation was used to investigate FOXF1 effects on human NP cells during a 4-week culture in 3D agarose constructs. Engineered EV delivery of FOXF1 into human IVD cells in monolayer was determined, with subsequent in vivo validation in a pilot mouse IVD puncture model. FOXF1 transfection significantly altered gene expression by upregulating healthy NP markers [FOXF1, keratin 19 (KRT19)], decreasing inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1β, -6], catabolic enzymes [metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13)] and nerve growth factor (NGF), with significant increases in glycosaminoglycan accumulation in human NP cells. Engineered EVs loaded with FOXF1 demonstrated successful encapsulation of FOXF1 cargo and effective uptake by human NP cells cultured in monolayer. Injection of FOXF1-loaded EVs into the mouse IVD in vivo resulted in a significant upregulation of FOXF1 and Brachyury, compared to controls at 7 d post-injection, with no evidence of cytotoxicity. This is the first study to demonstrate non-viral delivery of FOXF1 and reprogramming of human NP cells in vitro and mouse IVD cells in vivo. This strategy represents a non-addictive approach for treating IVD degeneration and associated back pain.
Safe handling of explosives containers in seaports
Authors: Chmieliński Mirosław
Published: January 2021

The article characterises the principles of handling explosives containers regarding maritime transport safety. The transport of explosives in containers involves not only transhipment and organisation of deliveries of this type of cargo, but most of all ensuring safety. Improper transhipment of containers can lead to dangerous situations during transport at seaports. Also, correct handling of explosives in containers impacts safety in seaports.
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2): a review of its use in homemade explosives
Authors: Rarata Grzegorz , Vahčič Mitja , Anderson David , Berglund Michael , Kyprianou Dimitris , Emma Giovanni , Diaconu Gabriela
Published: January 2021

This article presents an overview of hydrogen peroxide and its use in the illicit production of homemade explosives. Hydrogen peroxide is used extensively around the world in many industries, including aerospace. It is also used as the main ingredient in some household cleaning products. However, it has been illicitly used to create both primary and secondary homemade explosives in recent numerous terrorist attacks across Europe. In this article, we describe the historical background and the characteristics of the substance, the aspects concerning its manufacture and present-day use as a main explosive component or direct chemical precursor of homemade explosives, and the options for detection.
REVIEW OF THE MONOGRAPH BY M.YU. AVDONINA, N.I. JABOT, S.YU. TEREKHOVA, N.G. VALEEVA "TERMINOSYSTEMS OF THE ECOLOGICAL DISCOURSE IN THE ENGLISH, FRENCH AND RUSSIAN LANGUAGES: POLIPARADIGMAL APPROACH TO THE RESEARCH, TRANSLATION AND TRAINING"
Authors:   Fedulenkova Tatiana N. Vladimir State University
Published: January 2021

The reviewed monograph presents the results of a) a complex comparative study of ecological discourse specifics in English, French and Russian, b) theoretical and practical issues of ecological terminological systems functioning in the three languages, c) features of ecological terms and ways of translating them, d) various aspects of didactics and techniques of training in the translation of ecological scientific and publicistic texts. Works on terminology, polylingualism, translation theory, cross-cultural communication, cultural science and lexicography formed the theoretical basis for the monograph. Comparison of the three languages enabled to reveal and generalize the trends of the terminological systems development, to offer recommendations for ecological scientific and publicistic texts translation as well as practical didactic and methodical recommendations for training in the language features of ecological discourse including ecoterms. The authors’ original contribution was to define the common features characterizing the terminological subsystems of the three languages, which in itself is an important prerequisite for further theoretical researches both in the field of terminology and comparative typology of languages...
As Review on Microsponge Gel as Topical Drug Delivery System
Authors: Kshatriya Pravin Jamnadas , Shinde Jitendra V. , Chavan Rajashree S.
Published: January 2021

Microsponges are drug delivery systems composed of porous microspheres. They are little sponge – like spherical particles with an outside surface porous surface. Moreover, they will enhance stability, scale back aspect effect and modify drug unharness favourably. Microsponge technology has several favorable characteristics that make it a flexible drug delivery vehicle. Microsponge  system square measure supported microscopic, chemical compound based mostly microspheres that may suspend or entrap a good type of substances, and might may be incorporated into a developed product like a gel, cream, liquid, powder. The outer surface is often porous, permeating a sustained flow of drugs out of sphere. Microsponges square measure porous, compound microspheres that square measure used principally for typical use and have recently been used for oral administration. microsponge  square measure designed to deliver a pharmaceutical active ingredient with efficiency at the minimum dose and additionally to reinforce solubility, scale back aspect effects and modify drug unharness.

Kyewords: Controlled release, drug delivery, care systems, microponges.
Characterization and Screening of Phytochemical Secondary Metabolite of Seri (Muntingia calabura, L) Leaves which is Potential as an Anti-Diabetic based on Indonesian Herbal Medicine Standard
Authors: Gurning Kasta , Sinaga Dan Hilda
Published: January 2021

Indonesia has abundant natural resources, especially plants that can be used as raw material for herbal medicine. One of the plants is seri plant (Muntingia calabura, L.). The potential plant part in this study is the leaf part. The leaves of M. calabura were taken from plants that have produced fruit in fresh conditions, cleaned and dried in an open space protected from direct sunlight. The simplicia was powdered and then quartered, then extracted with ethanol as a solvent. The simplicia powder and extract obtained were screened for phytochemicals using the standard method. The characterization results showed that the simplicia powder and extract met the national standard of quality for Indonesian herbal medicines, both the simplicia powder and the extract contained secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids and steroids, saponins and tannins. The process of preparing and organizing samples from the leaves of this plant met the quality standards of Indonesian national herbal medicine and has the potential to be tested as an anti-diabetic.

Keywords: Seri Leaves, characterization, phytochemical screening, quality standards, and anti-diabetic
Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Extract Mixture of Annona senegalensis Pers. and Piliostigma thonningii (Schum.)
Authors: Togbenou Komlatsè , Idoh Kokou , Dosseh Kossivi , Kpatcha Tchazou , Agbonon Amégnona
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Annona senegalensis Pers (Annonaceae) and Piliostigma thonningii (Schum.) (Leguminoseae)  are two medicinal plants used, often in combination, in traditional Togolese medicine for the treatment of diseases with an inflammatory component.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of the hydro-ethanolic extract (EHEM) of the combination of A. senegalensis and P. thonningii (1: 1, m: m).

Methods: The ovalbumin-induced allergic airway asthma model was used. Animals made asthmatic were treated with EHEM at doses of 250 and 500 mg / kg. Inflammation markers including histamine, nitric oxide (NO), vascular leakage, leukocyte infiltration in the airways, and malondialdehyde (MDA), were measured.

Results: Compared to the SNT group, EHEM inhibits the infiltration of the airways by leukocytes (850,00 × 103 ± 50 cells / mL vs 1830 × 103 ± 53,85 cells / mL for ST500 mg / kg, P <0,05). It inhibited vascular permeability to Evans Blue (10,40 ± 0,270 μg / mL vs ST500, p<0,05). It inhibited histamine release (13,95 ± 0,937 μg / mL vs 32,78 ± 1,044 μg / mL, p<0,05) and NO production (0,211 ± 0,008 Μm vs 0,315 ± 0,022 μM, p<0,05). It finally inhibited MDA production (14,66 ± 0,533 nM / mL vs 9,014 ± 0,366 nM / mL and 7,149 ± 0,300 nM / mL, p<0,05) in lung tissue.

Conclusion: Our results suggest that EHEM inhibits OVA-induced inflammation. These results justify the use of this combination of plants in traditional Togolese medicine.

Keywords: Inflammation, malondialdehyde, Annona senegalensis, Piliostigma thonningii.
On the issues of ultra-fast processing voluminous spatio-temporal data
Authors: Maiorov A.A.
Published: January 2021

The author examines the current state of development and processing large spatio-temporal data. Parallel computing is seen as a new technology for handling big volumes of it. The use of ultra-high-speed processing as an analysis and decision-making tool in the earth sciences is due to three reasons
O que pode a Psicologia Social com relação ao presente?
Authors: Flôres Paula , Galeano Giovana Barbieri , Soares Helena Barros , Passos Robert Filipe
Published: January 2021

Este artigo problematiza a Psicologia Social tomando o social não enquanto um campo de aplicação da psicologia moderna, mas enquanto um efeito das tensões de saber e poder. Nosso objetivo é questionar quais elementos que compõem o presente têm sido discutidos nesse campo de conhecimento, ao mesmo tempo em que são esses mesmos elementos que produzem a psicologia social enquanto campo de saber e intervenção frente ao presente da configuração político-econômica brasileira. As problemáticas da organização do poder mundial, as lógicas capitalistas neoliberais e as forças coloniais e conservadoras são pontos de análise durante o texto, especialmente no que diz respeito à América Latina. O recorte temporal utilizado para a escrita deste artigo se situa nos anos de 2018 e 2019 pois esses anos têm se constituído como experiências limites que ao mesmo tempo que tendem a nos imobilizar, criam a necessidade de produzirmos um pensamento vivo e acreditando na mudança que podemos operar no mundo.
Escola
Authors: Moreira Wagner Wey , Guimarães Alexandre Magno , Campos Marcus Vinicius Simões de
Published: January 2021

A educação formal, ao longo do tempo, esteve e ainda está centrada numa aprendizagem que focaliza especialmente a cabeça do aluno, disseminando conceitos, definições e fórmulas, que devem ser memorizados, pois, ato contínuo, são avaliados através de provas. Neste sentido, o paradigma newtoniano/cartesiano permanece hegemônico no interior das escolas, e nestas, o corpo do aluno é tolerado e em muitas situações reprimido por dificultar a aprendizagem cognitiva. O presente texto, caracterizado como reflexivo, estabelece como condição sine qua non para o ato educativo a presença da corporeidade na escola, entendida mais como uma atitude do que como um conceito, estabelecendo diretrizes para uma aprendizagem de corpo inteiro. Também tem esta reflexão o foco de reunir vários pensadores e professores que produziram textos e pesquisas no sentido de fomentar a presença`a de termos como corporeidade, motricidade, corpo sujeito e tantos outros de suma importância para a ação educativa na escola. O suporte epistemológico centra-se na fenomenologia, em especial em Merleau-Ponty porque este autor indica que corpo não é objeto nem ideia, mas sim, expressão do ser humano que se move e vive.
School physical education
Authors: Correia Walter Roberto , Silveira Sergio Roberto
Published: January 2021

This article has as its goal to justify and analyze the thematic propositions of the XV Seminar of School Physical Education: teachers’ autonomy and responsibilities. To do so, the theme is historically contextualized from two phases: 1) The search for legitimacy in the academia and; 2) The search for approximating teachers and their teachings. In the first one, it is possible to affirm that the seminars organized by EEFEUSP, from their very beginning and throughout the following twenty years, have presented an academic position towards the specificities and the different forms of school knowledge related to the curriculum component Physical Education, aiming at contributing to a legitimacy of the Physical Education itself in the academia. In the second phase, the question is properly and profitably addressed so to justify the seminar’s time and social place, targeting the teaching and the building of different kinds of knowledge through it. In this last phase, it is noticed an increase in the number of participants and also in the number of presentations, showing that the path chosen with locus on the teaching was right. Finally, once the analysis of the editing of the XV Seminar of School Physical Education is finished, it is put in this essay the challenge to think and project seminars to the next decade.
Physical education between walls and bars
Authors: Conceição Willian Lazaretti da
Published: January 2021

This article aims to present Physical Education implications for teaching in the context of the socio-educational measure of deprivation of liberty at Fundação Centro de Atendimento Socioeducativo ao Adolescente, an institution responsible for carrying out an internment measure in the State of São Paulo. It uses literature review, observation and interviews based on oral life history. As a result, it was possible to identify approximations and distances between two existing proposals in Physical Education. It urges the need for a dialogue between two state spheres so that Physical Education is thought out in order to meet the specificities of young people in conflict with the law, as well as making the school educational proposal and the inclusion of the theme in the teachers’ training curricula possible and coherent.
ESSENTIAL COMMODITY CONSUMPTION: A STUDY ON FOOD CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE OF RURAL SOCIETY
Authors: Ichwan Mohamad , Tope Patta
Published: January 2021

The primary commodity consumed by people is reflected in the highest expenditure to fulfill it within a specific period, the dominance of expenditure in all consumption expenditures indicates the importance of commodities in all households' consumption. This study aims to identify the dominant consumption patterns of food commodities using descriptive analysis of 6,178 households obtained through national secondary data from the 2017 national socio-economic survey (Susenas). Several commodities categorized by largest to smallest expenditure are the basis for determining the largest consumption expenditure as essential commodities. Based on the ranking of consumption expenditures, the three most prominent consumption groups were identified, namely: (1) rice, (2) rice with assortment of side dishes, and (3) fish. Rice, detected through 4,771 households, is the largest consumption commodity, and expenditure on this commodity increases in line with the rise in income, reflected in the mean value of expenditure which is higher in the increasing income group. The expenditure of rice with assortment of side dishes was detected through 3,150 households and had the same tendency as rice, particularly increased expenditure in the higher income groups. Fish consumption expenditure was detected through 3,488 households following the conditions for the two previous commodities, and expenditures increased with higher income. The increased expenditure on the consumption of essential commodities by income groups demonstrates that the tendency to consume is in accordance with Keynes's relationship between consumption and revenue. The higher the income, the greater the consumption expenditure. However, to a certain extent, the specific relationship is that the proportion of increased consumption expenditure decreases with higher income. Based on the elasticity coefficient, it was found that three essential commodities were normal goods. However, the level of consumption sensitivity to rice and fish income was higher than for processed food. In contrast to elasticity, the tendency to consume processed food is higher; the share of the increase in revenue is used to increase consumption of processed food, compared to adding rice and fish. This finding acts as provisional evidence that food consumption has undergone a fundamental change to become more consumptive.
Cloud-Native Repositories for Big Scientific Data
Authors: Abernathey Ryan , Augspurger Tom , Banihirwe Anderson , Blackmon-Luca Charles C , Crone Timothy J , Gentemann Chelle L , Hamman Joseph J , Henderson Naomi , Lepore Chiara , Mccaie Theo A , Robinson Niall H , Signell Richard P
Published: January 2021

Scientific data has traditionally been distributed via downloads from
data server to local computer. This way of working suffers from
limitations as scientific datasets grow towards the petabyte scale. A
“cloud-native data repository,” as defined in this paper, offers
several advantages over traditional data repositories—performance,
reliability, cost-effectiveness, collaboration, reproducibility,
creativity, downstream impacts, and access & inclusion. These
objectives motivate a set of best practices for cloud-native data
repositories: analysis-ready data, cloud-optimized (ARCO) formats, and
loose coupling with data-proximate computing. The Pangeo Project has
developed a prototype implementation of these principles by using
open-source scientific Python tools. By providing an ARCO data catalog
together with on-demand, scalable distributed computing, Pangeo enables
users to process big data at rates exceeding 10 GB/s. Several challenges
must be resolved in order to realize cloud computing’s full potential
for scientific research, such as organizing funding, training users, and
enforcing data privacy requirements.
Interferon-beta changes the expression of IL10, IL23A and FOXP3 on Multiple Sclerosis patients' T cells
Authors: Gezmis Hazal , Doran Tansu , Domac Saime Fusun Mayda , Yucel Deniz , Karaci Rahsan , Yat Deniz
Published: January 2021

Aim of the Study: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder
causing demyelination in axons. Available therapies target different
molecules, but not all have therapeutic effects on disease progression,
and this effect can only be seen after a long-time administration.
Interferon beta (IFN-β), an MS therapy for many years, slows down the
disease progression and reduces disease symptoms by targeting T cells.
Yet, a considerable portion of the patient has experienced no
therapeutic response to IFN-β. It is necessary to determine
disease-specific biomarkers which allow early diagnosis or treatment of
MS. Here, it was aimed to determine the effects of interleukin 10 (IL10)
and 23 (IL23A) as well as forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) genes on MS after
IFN-β therapy. Materials & Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
(PBMCs) were extracted to isolate CD4+ and CD25+ T cells. Cytotoxicity
assays were performed on each cell type for determining optimum drug
concentration. Then, cells were cultured and determined drug
concentration was administered to the cells to measure gene expressions
with RT-PCR. Results: It was found that the cytotoxic effect of IFN-β
was more efficient as the exposure time was expanded regardless of drug
concentration. Moreover, CD25+ T lymphocytes were more resistant to
IFN-β. IL23A was down-regulated, whereas FOXP3 was up-regulated at 48h
in CD4+ T cells. For CD25+ T cells, the graded increase of FOXP3 was
obtained while IL10 expression was gradually decreased throughout the
drug intake, significantly. Conclusion: Although considerable change in
expression was obtained, the long-term IFN-β effect on both genes and
cells should be determined by follow-up at least a year. Keywords: MS,
IFN-β, IL23A, FOXP3, IL10, T cells
What Matters Most To Women Undergoing Hysterectomy?
Authors: RIOS JOSE DE LOS , LOPEZ CLAUDIA , CIFUENTES MARTHA , GOMEZ SANDRA , BAREÑO JOSE , MUÑOZ ANDREA
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Study objective: to gain an understanding of patient
preferences regarding choice of surgical approach to hysterectomy.
Design: Cross-sectional, analytical study. Setting: Tertiary hospital,
referral center for gynecologic surgery in Medellin, Colombia Patients:
A total of 300 women, 150 who were scheduled for hysterectomy and 150
women who were not undergoing any surgical procedure. Interventions: A
questionnaire listing advantages of laparoscopic, vaginal, and abdominal
hysterectomy was designed and applied to all participating women, who
were then asked to rank in order of relevance the surveyed items.
Answers and demographic variables were collected. Measurements and Main
results: Average scores were calculated for each of the listed
variables, and the difference of medians between groups (women scheduled
to undergo hysterectomy and women who were not undergoing surgery) was
analyzed. Difference of medians was also analyzed by grouping
participants based on educational level. Participating women ranked as
most important: safety, pain, duration of sick leave, scars, operative
time, duration of surgical training, and cost. Altogether, women
preferred advantages offered by laparoscopic hysterectomy over those
provided by vaginal or abdominal approaches. Conclusion: Patient
preferences should be taken into account upon deciding the surgical
approach to hysterectomy, as they may differ from those of the
physician. Key Words: Hysterectomy, preferences, approach
A high-quality carabid genome provides insights into beetle genome evolution and cold adaptation
Authors: Weng Yi-Ming , Francoeur Charlotte , Currie Cameron , Kavanaugh David , Schoville Sean
Published: January 2021

The hyper-diverse order Coleoptera comprises a staggering
~25% of known species on Earth. Despite recent
breakthroughs in next generation sequencing, there remains a limited
representation of beetle diversity in assembled genomes. Most notably,
the ground beetle family Carabidae, comprising more than 40,000
described species, has not been studied in a comparative genomics
framework using whole genome data. Here we generate a high-quality
genome assembly for Nebria riversi, to examine sources of novelty in the
genome evolution of beetles, as well as genetic changes associated with
specialization to high elevation alpine habitats. In particular, this
genome resource provides a foundation for expanding comparative
molecular research into mechanisms of insect cold adaptation. Comparison
to other beetles shows a strong signature of genome compaction, with N.
riversi possessing a relatively small genome (~147 Mb)
compared to other beetles, with associated reductions in repeat element
content and intron length. Small genome size is not, however, associated
with fewer protein-coding genes, and an analysis of gene family
diversity shows significant expansions of genes associated with cellular
membranes and membrane transport, as well as protein phosphorylation and
muscle filament structure. Finally, our genomic analyses show that these
high elevation beetles have endosymbiotic Spiroplasma, with several
metabolic pathways (e.g. propanoate biosynthesis) that might complement
N. riversi, although its role as a beneficial symbiont or as a
reproductive parasite remains equivocal.
The impact of semi-natural woodland and pasture on soil properties and streamflow.
Authors: Monger Felicity , Spracklen Dominick , Kirkby Mike , Schofield Lee
Published: January 2021

The increased frequency of flood events has motivated interest in
natural flood management (NFM), in particular the potential for
woodlands to reduce flooding. Woodlands can reduce the risk of
rainfall-generated flooding through increased interception, soil
infiltration, and available storage. Despite growing evidence, there is
still low confidence in woodlands as a flood mitigation method due to
limited empirical data available, particularly for semi-natural
woodlands. We established a correlation catchment study in Haweswater,
Cumbria, UK. Nine small upland catchments, each less than 0.2 km2 in
area, were established on semi-natural broadleaf woodland sites where no
stock grazing occurs or pasture with varied grazing intensity. At each
site soil characteristics were investigated, namely soil moisture,
permeability and bulk density. In addition, a v-notch weir was installed
within in each catchment to calculate flow. The specific peak discharge
(SPD), peak runoff coefficient, volume runoff coefficient and time taken
to flow response was determined at each site for 28 storm events, of up
to 205 mm, identified over a 13-month period. We found that semi-natural
woodland reduced SPD by 33-52 % compared with pasture, reducing SPD by
36 % during larger storms (> 1 mm/hr peak discharge).
Woodland reduced the peak runoff coefficient by 31-52 % and the volume
runoff coefficient by 13-22 % compared to pasture. Additionally,
response to storm events took 1-4 hours longer in woodland. These
differences in flood response can be somewhat explained by the more
permeable woodland soils, 4.6 times greater than pasture soil. Our
analysis strengthens the argument that woodlands can reduce
rainfall-generated flooding as a land use management method of NFM. Data
collected here should be used to inform the parameters in flood
prediction models and contribute to the evidence base for NFM.
High resolution bacterial separation from blood using elasto-inertial microfluidics
Authors: Iyengar Sharath Narayana , Kumar Tharagan , Måertensson Gustaf , Russom Aman
Published: January 2021

Improved sample preparation has the potential to address a huge unmet
need for fast turnaround sepsis tests that enable early administration
of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. In recent years, inertial and
elasto-inertial microfluidics-based sample preparation has gained
substantial interest for bioparticle separation applications. However,
for applications in blood stream infections the throughput and bacteria
separation efficiency has thus far been limited. In this work, for the
first time we report elasto-inertial microfluidics-based bacteria
isolation from blood at throughputs and efficiencies unparalleled with
current microfluidics-based state of the art. In the method,
bacteria-spiked blood sample is prepositioned close to the outer wall of
a spiral microchannel using a viscoelastic sheath buffer. The blood
cells will remain fully focused throughout the length of the spiral
channel while bacteria migrate to the inner wall for effective
separation. Initially, microparticles were used to investigate particle
focusing and the separation performance of the spiral device. A
separation efficiency of 96% for the 1 µm particles was achieved, while
100% of 3 µm particles were recovered at the desired outlet at a
throughput (sample + sheath) of 1 mL/min. Following, processing blood
samples revealed a minimum of 1:2 dilution was necessary to keep the
blood cells fully focus at the outer wall. In experiments involving
bacteria spiked in diluted blood, viable E.coli were continuously
separated at a total flow rate of 1 mL/min, with a separation efficiency
between 82 to 90% depending on the blood dilution. Using a single
spiral, it takes 40 minutes to process 1 mL of whole blood at a
separation efficiency of 82% and 3 hr at 90% efficiency. To the best
of our knowledge, this is the highest bacteria separation efficiency
from blood sample reported using inertial and elasto-inertial methods.
As such, the label-free, passive high efficiency and high throughput of
bacteria isolation method has a great potential for speeding up
downstream phenotypic and molecular analysis of bacteria.
CO oxidation over alumina monolith impregnated with oxides of copper and manganese
Authors: Pham Thien , Bui Viet , Phan Thi , Than Ha
Published: January 2021

In this work, simple methods for the preparation of highly efficient heterogeneous nanocatalysts for the low-temperature oxidation of CO are described. The main advantages of the reaction are high yields. The catalysts based on oxides of copper and manganese supported on alumina monoliths were prepared by different methods: plasma corona discharge and wet impregnation. Structure and physical properties of catalysts were characterized by FT- -IR, XRD, TEM, EDX and TG/DTA. The results showed that the use of a plasma corona discharge at atmospheric pressure for the preparation of the catalysts resulted in smaller particle size and uniform dispersion when compared with the catalysts prepared by wet impregnation methods. The catalytic activities of these catalysts were investigated for complete oxidation of carbon monoxide (3000 ppm) to carbon dioxide in the air at atmospheric pressure. On a single oxide catalyst, 10CuO/monolith was better than 10MnO2/monolith under the same experimental conditions. With multi-oxide catalysts, all catalyst samples are more active than a single-oxide catalyst with the same impregnated content. In particular, the catalyst prepared by plasma corona discharge indicates the best oxidation capacity of carbon monoxide.
Creativity and ownership: Protection of rights in musical works in the European Union from digitisation to artificial intelligence
Authors: Cemalovic Uros
Published: January 2021

Even more than intelligence, creativity is considered as a quintessentially
human capacity. The same conclusion is fully applicable to the artistic
creation in music sector. However, rapid technological development is
constantly challenging not only the creative process as such, but also the
legal instruments intended to protect the results of intellectual and
artistic work. The first part of this article examines the provisions of the
new EU Directive 2019/790 dedicated to online content-sharing service
providers and fair remuneration of authors/performers, while its second part
maps the main challenges the development of artificial intelligence
imposes to the protection of rights in musical works.
Specific Dimensions of Depression Have Different Associations With Cognitive Decline in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Soleimani Laili , Ravona-Springer Ramit , Lin Hung-Mo , Liu Xiaoyu , Sano Mary , Heymann Anthony , Schnaider Beeri Michal
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

Depression is highly frequent in older adults with type 2 diabetes and is associated with cognitive impairment, yet little is known about how various depression dimensions differentially affect cognition. We investigated longitudinal associations of specific depression dimensions with cognitive decline.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Participants (N = 1,002) were from the Israel Diabetes and Cognitive Decline study, were ≥65 years of age, had type 2 diabetes, and were not experiencing dementia at baseline. Participants underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological battery at baseline and every 18 months thereafter, including domains of episodic memory, attention/working memory, semantic categorization/language, and executive function, and Z-scores of each domain were averaged and further normalized to calculate global cognition. Depression items from the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale were measured at each visit and subcategorized into five dimensions: dysphoric mood, withdrawal-apathy-vigor (entitled apathy), anxiety, hopelessness, and memory complaint. Random coefficients models examined the association of depression dimensions with baseline and longitudinal cognitive functioning, adjusting for sociodemographics and baseline characteristics, including cardiovascular risk factors, physical activity, and use of diabetes medications.

RESULTS

In the fully adjusted model at baseline, all dimensions of depression, except for anxiety, were associated with some aspect of cognition (P values from 0.01 to <0.001). Longitudinally, greater apathy scores were associated with faster decline in executive function (P = 0.004), a result that withstood adjustment for multiple comparisons. Associations of other depression dimensions with cognitive decline were not significant (P > 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

Apathy was associated with a faster cognitive decline in executive function. These findings highlight the heterogeneity of depression as a clinical construct rather than as a single entity and point to apathy as a specific risk factor for cognitive decline among older adults with type 2 diabetes.
Diabeloop DBLG1 Closed-Loop System Enables Patients With Type 1 Diabetes to Significantly Improve Their Glycemic Control in Real-Life Situations Without Serious Adverse Events: 6-Month Follow-up
Authors: Amadou Coralie , Franc Sylvia , Benhamou Pierre-Yves , Lablanche Sandrine , Huneker Erik , Charpentier Guillaume , Penfornis Alfred , Consortium on behalf of the Diabeloop
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

To analyze safety and efficacy of the DBLG1 hybrid closed-loop artificial pancreas system in patients
with Type 1 Diabetes in real life conditions.

METHODS

Following a one-week run-in period with usual
pump, 25 patients were provided with the commercial DBLG1 system. We present
the results of Time-in-Range and HbA1c over a 6-month
period.

RESULTS

The mean (SD;range) age of patients
was 43 years (13.8; 25-72). At baseline, mean HbA1c and TIR
70-180mg/dL were respectively 7.9% (0.93; 5.6- 8.5) [63mmol/mol
(10; 38-69)] and 53% (16.4;21-85). One patient stopped using the system after 2
months. At 6-month, mean HbA1c decreased to 7.1% [54mmol/mol] (p<0.001) and
TIR 70-180mg/dL increased to 69.7% (p<0.0001). TIR<70mg/dL decreased from
2.4 to 1.3% (p=0.03). TIR<54mg/dL decreased from 0.32 to 0.24% (p=0.42). No serious adverse event was reported
during the study.

CONCLUSION

The DBLG1 System confirms its
ability to significantly improve glycemic control in real life conditions,
without serious adverse events.
The Ghost Boulevard
Authors: Borén Thomas
Published: January 2021

Abstract: The Ghost BoulevardThomas Borén, from the Department of Human Geography at Stockholm University, reviews The Ghost Boulevard by Bojan Borić (published in 2020 by KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and the Built Environment, Stockholm).
Development of a prognostic prediction model to estimate the risk of multiple chronic diseases
Authors: Black Jason E. , Kueper Jacqueline K. , Terry Amanda L. , Lizotte Daniel J.
Published: January 2021

IntroductionThe ability to estimate risk of multimorbidity will provide valuable information to patients and primary care practitioners in their preventative efforts. Current methods for prognostic prediction modelling are insufficient for the estimation of risk for multiple outcomes, as they do not properly capture the dependence that exists between outcomes.
ObjectivesWe developed a multivariate prognostic prediction model for the 5-year risk of diabetes, hypertension, and osteoarthritis that quantifies and accounts for the dependence between each disease using a copula-based model.
MethodsWe used data from the Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network (CPCSSN) from 2009 onwards, a collection of electronic medical records submitted by participating primary care practitioners across Canada. We identified patients 18 years and older without all three outcome diseases and observed any incident diabetes, osteoarthritis, or hypertension within 5-years, resulting in a large retrospective cohort for model development and internal validation (n=425228). First, we quantified the dependence between outcomes using unadjusted and adjusted ϕ coefficients. We then estimated a copula-based model to quantify the non-linear dependence between outcomes that can be used to derive risk estimates for each outcome, accounting for the observed dependence. Copula-based models are defined by univariate models for each outcome and a dependence function, specified by the parameter θ. Logistic regression was used for the univariate models and the Frank copula was selected as the dependence function.
ResultsAll outcome pairs demonstrated statistically significant dependence that was reduced after adjusting for covariates. The copula-based model yielded statistically significant θ parameters in agreement with the adjusted and unadjusted ϕ coefficients. Our copula-based model can effectively be used to estimate trivariate probabilities.
DiscussionQuantitative estimates of multimorbidity risk inform discussions between patients and their primary care practitioners around prevention in an effort to reduce the incidence of multimorbidity.
Transition from College to Work Life: Career Adaptability and Career Optimism
Authors: ERDOĞMUŞ ZORVER Cennet , KORKUT OWEN Fidan
Published: January 2021

Purpose: In this study whether career adaptability and career optimism of senior year undergraduate students change according to their gender, faculty, form of their faculty/ department choice, their plans upon what they are going to do after graduation, their thoughts about finding a job and about the fact that the job which they have found is related to the field they were graduated from was investigated.

Design/Methodology/Approach: For this purpose 323 final year undergraduate students who studied at different faculties in a state university in Ankara are included in this study. Career Adaptability and Optimism Scale ( CAOS) and Personal Information Form were used. Data was analyzed with t test and one-way analysis of variance.

Findings: According to the findings of the research; CAOS points of the students, who studied at faculties which offers easy job finding opportunities or difficult job finding opportunities, who come the department with different reasons, whose thoughts about finding a job after graduation and about the fact that the job which they have found is related to the field they were graduated from are different. On the other hand there is no meaningful difference between gender variable and between the students whose plans upon what they are going to do after graduation are different in terms of CAOS.

Highlights: Findings were discussed in the view of literature and some recommendations were put forward in terms of career counseling.
Численная оценка влияния подокументного доступа на релевантность поисковой выдачи
Authors: Краснов Федор , Смазневич Ирина
Published: January 2021

Рассмотрено влияние авторизации пользователей на релевантность поисковой выдачи для различных ранжирующих функций. Экспериментально показана степень искажения поисковой выдачи при подокументном доступе к коллекции. Создана модель, позволяющая количественно оценить порог для полного пересчета весов ранжирующей функции. Предложен эффективный алгоритм перерасчета весов с меньшей вычислительной сложностью, чем полный пересчет матрицы «документ – терм».
Olhar por entre as frestas
Authors: Pereira Luciane Maria Fernandes
Published: January 2021

A História é a ciência que investiga o passado para compreendermos o presente. A pesquisa, apresentada neste artigo, tem por objetivo elaborar e fundamentar teoricamente uma sequência didática que promova a leitura crítica e reflexiva do conteúdo de história por meio de metodologias diversificadas, utilizando a análise de imagens bidimensionais, fixa e em movimento para a compreensão do conteúdo histórico, assim como a verificação da aprendizagem. A investigação foi desenvolvida com base na pesquisa com enfoque qualitativo de caráter descritivo, pautado na pesquisa participante e bibliográfica. Espera-se como resultado que quanto mais diversificadas sejam as metodologias utilizadas pelo professor, mais os alunos sejam capazes de construírem “novos saberes”, tornando-se possíveis agentes de transformação. Ao sentirem-se construtores, perceba que tem o direito e o dever de exercerem de forma crítica e reflexiva efetivamente a cidadania.
Política educacional para eja dos anos iniciais
Authors: Garrido Noêmia de Carvalho
Published: January 2021

Este artigo aborda algumas reflexões em torno da Educação de Jovens e Adultos anos iniciais trazendo o itinerário, os debates e movimentos que antecederam a formulação das políticas públicas para a institucionalização da EJA no Brasil.  Inicia-se com impasses do analfabetismo no país como condicionantes sociais promovendo as desigualdades: a raça, condições socioeconômicas, o sexo, e outra desvantagens que impedem a contemplação da cidadania em sua plenitude. Em seguida traz a educação básica na EJA a partir dos 15 anos de idade enfatizando a modalidade de ensino para esse nível de aprendizagem. No eixo de alfabetização e letramento procura conceituar o processo de alfabetização e letramento como necessidade básica no direito humano. Finaliza trazendo a educação básica EJA na Fundação Municipal Para Educação comunitária na cidade de Campinas, sua fundação, seu currículo e os programas para atendimento da EJA anos iniciais.
Introduction to the Covid-19 Special Issue
Authors: Walker Bernard
Published: January 2021

This is not an ordinary Special Issue; it charts the progression of an ongoing pandemic

A Special Issue of a journal typically provides an overview of the current research and perspectives on a topic.  As a summation of the state of play in a field, it remains valid for a number of months or even years. The Covid-19 pandemic, however, breaks the mould and does not fit that type of Special Issue. As a phenomenon, it is occurring on an enormous scale, it is constantly changing, it is relatively unpredictable and the consequences are likely to persist long-term.

This Special Issue on Covid-19, therefore, takes a different approach. It draws together a series of commentaries written at various points during the progression of a pandemic. Those articles have highlighted important themes as they have emerged, pointing to potential consequences, topics that need to be researched, and matters that should form part of the dialogue regarding the handling of the pandemic and future directions.
GIS-Based Kernel Analysis for Tourism Flow Mapping
Authors: NISTOR Mărgărit-Mircea , NICULA Alexandru-Sabin , DEZSI Ştefan , PETREA Dănuţ , KAMARAJUGEDDA Shankar Acharya , CAREBIA Iulius-Andrei
Published: January 2021

The variation of tourism flow and its spatial representation are indispensable for transport companies, accommodation facilities and future estimations regarding the international arrivals. The major implication for tourism flow mapping is related to the country of origin of tourists, their liquid assets, and tourism statistical database. The approach of tourism flow mapping representation, at least using lines and density, should be based on the spatial characteristics of the objects. In this study, the database consisting of international arrivals in different cities of Romania was used as an example. Thus, GIS-based Kernel density of the tourists’ flow was proposed. To illustrate the international demand, data on arrivals for 33 countries over the period 2015-2017 were used. ‘XY To Line’ and ‘Kernel Density’ functions served to create the convergence lines between the origin countries and Romania. The very high density was found for the European countries with an increase of 13% and 25% between 2015 and 2016, as well as between 2015 and 2017. Map analysis indicated an increase of the density area by 0.7% for 2016 and 1.7% for 2017. The proposed methods, including lines and density, contribute to the mapping of the flow of the international arrivals in Romania.