bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Politico-Criminal Configuration Relationship between Organized Crime and the State as a Form of State-Organized Crime in the Phenomenon of Production and Circulation of Counterfeit Drugs in Indonesia
Authors:   Doctor from the Department of Criminology at the University of Indonesia and member of the Indonesian National Police as the Police Chief of the Ciamis Resort, Prakoso Bismo Teguh
Published: April 2021

Counterfeit drugs in Indonesia had reached two billion USD or 25% of total amount pharmaceutical business in Indonesia during 2016 (MIAP, 2016). Preventive and repressive effort have been endeavored across sectors of formal institution. Nevertheless, the business remain stay. In my opinion, this situation may have supported by the existance of politicocriminal configurations, a symbiosys mutualism interaction between holders of political power (state) dengan users of extralegal force and intimidation (organized crime) Briquet & Favarel-Garrigues, 2010). Through qualitative approach, this study interviewed state apparatus from seven drugs related enforcement institions and two offenders. Result shows relation of politico-criminal configurations is not fully proven. This relation is only found in the form of co-optation of state functions as enforcement of norms by organized crime through corrupted state apparatus. Furthermore, study also find that a complicated business process of drugs creates a criminogenic environment that is supported by corporate-organized crime.
Validation Method to Improve Behavioral Flows on UML Requirements Analysis Model by Cross-Checking with State Transition Model
Authors: Morita Hikaru , Matsuura Saeko
Published: April 2021

We propose a method to evaluate and improve the validity of required specifications by comparing models from different viewpoints. Inconsistencies are automatically extracted from the model in which the analyst defines the service procedure based on the initial requirement; thereafter, the analyst automatically compares it with a state transition model from the same initial requirement that has been created by an evaluator who is different from the analyst. The identified inconsistencies are reported to the analyst to enable the improvement of the required specifications. We develop a tool for extraction and comparison and then discuss its effectiveness by applying the method to a requirements specification example.
Integrated Specification of Quality Requirements in Software Product Line Artifacts
Authors: Daniel Mworia , Lawrence Nderu , Michael Kimwele
Published: April 2021

There are many calls from software engineering scholars to incorporate non-functional requirements as first-class citizens in the software development process. In Software Product Line Engineering emphasis is on explicit definition of functional requirements using feature models while non-functional requirements are considered implicit. In this paper we present an integrated requirements specification template for common quality attributes alongside functional requirements at software product line variation points. This approach implemented at analytical description phase increases the visibility of quality requirements obliging developers to consider them in subsequent phases. The approach achieves weaving of quality requirements into associated functional requirements through higher level feature abstraction method. This work therefore promotes achievement of system quality by elevating nonfunctional requirement specification. The approach is illustrated with an exemplar mobile phone family data storage requirements case study.
A Deep Learning Approach to Nightfire Detection based on Low-Light Satellite
Authors: Wang Yue , Ni Ye , Li Xutao , Ye Yunming
Published: April 2021

Wildfires are a serious disaster, which often cause severe damages to forests and plants. Without an early detection and suitable control action, a small wildfire could grow into a big and serious one. The problem is especially fatal at night, as firefighters in general miss the chance to detect the wildfires in the very first few hours. Low-light satellites, which take pictures at night, offer an opportunity to detect night fire timely. However, previous studies identify night fires based on threshold methods or conventional machine learning approaches, which are not robust and accurate enough. In this paper, we develop a new deep learning approach, which determines night fire locations by a pixel-level classification on low-light remote sensing image. Experimental results on VIIRS data demonstrate the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed method, which outperforms conventional threshold and machine learning approaches.
RELATO INTEGRADO E A DIVULGAÇÃO CORPORATIVA PARA A SUSTENTABILIDADE
Authors: Soerger Zaro Elise
Published: April 2021

As empresas têm sofrido muita pressão de grupos de partes interessadas para que demonstrem responsabilidade corporativa, pelo menos, desde a década de 1970. Com base na definição de sustentabilidade do Triple Bottom Line, as entidades devem se preocupar com seus impactos e resultados sociais, ambientais e econômicos (Gray et al., 1996). Não é possível apenas que se preocupe com a maximização da riqueza dos sócios, a empresa normalmente utiliza mão de obra, recursos e causa impactos na comunidade, portanto, tem a responsabilidade de buscar impactos positivos à sociedade e ao meio ambiente (Moser & Martin, 2012). Diante dessa discussão, as organizações foram pressionadas a reportar suas ações e impactos de sustentabilidade. Essas divulgações passaram por diversos formatos, sempre com o direcionamento de apresentar transparência sobre suas atividades, seus riscos e resultados. No decorrer do tempo, houve discussões tanto no ambiente empresarial, quando no ambiente acadêmico sobre a qualidade das informações não financeiras apresentadas pelas entidades e sobre como aumentá-la (Moser & Martin, 2012).
U.S. AI Workforce: Labor Market Dynamics
Authors:   Center for Security and Emerging Technology, Gehlhaus Diana , Rahkovsky Ilya
Published: April 2021

A lack of good data on the U.S. artificial intelligence workforce limits the potential effectiveness of policies meant to increase and cultivate this cadre of talent. In this issue brief, the authors bridge that information gap with new analysis on the state of the U.S. AI workforce, along with insight into the ongoing concern over AI talent shortages. Their findings suggest some segments of the AI workforce are more likely than others to be experiencing a supply-demand gap.
Prognóstico de pacientes com COVID-19 e doenças crônicas
Authors: Arruda Daniela Évilla Gomes , Martins Domettila Dantas Sena , Silva Isabel Fiuza Menezes da , Sousa Milena Nunes Alves de
Published: April 2021

Objetivos: identificar, sintetizar e avaliar o risco de mortalidade em pacientes com doenças crônicas acometidos por COVID-19. Método: revisão sistemática. Busca nas bases de dados PUBMED, Science Direct, EBSCOhost e The BMJ com descritores: covid-19, chronic disease, mortality e “cohort study”. Resultados: as principais doenças crônicas foram Doenças Cardíacas, Doença Pulmonar Crônica, Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica, Diabetes Mellitus e Doenças Renais Crônicas. O prognóstico desses pacientes acometidos por SARS-CoV-2 foi desfavorável, com alto risco de mortalidade. Conclusão: o prognóstico de pacientes com comorbidades pré-existentes indica maior necessidade de tratamento intensivo.
Propostas de políticas sobre drogas nas eleições de 2018
Authors: Chagas Camila , De Paula Tassiane Cristine Santos , Martins Leonardo Breno
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: identificar e discutir as estratégias em relação ao tema drogas propostas pelos candidatos à presidência no Brasil em 2018. Método: Análise de conteúdo das propostas registradas no Tribunal Superior Eleitoral. Resultados: As estratégias propostas foram: combate ao tráfico de drogas; prevenção; tratamento; descriminalização e redução de danos. Nove candidatos adotam uma abordagem ‘proibicionista’, três ‘antiproibicionista’ e um sem posicionamento. Conclusão: A maioria dos candidatos baseou suas propostas em modelos repressivos, ignorando temas relevantes, o que permite antever direções e desafios das políticas governamentais nos próximos anos.
TV meteorologists at MET Norway as climate communicators
Authors: Sivle Anders Doksæter , Holm Amalie Kvame , Jeuring Jelmer , Hygen Hans Olav , Svehagen Mai-Linn Finstad
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Climate change ought to be a natural part of the weather conversation on TV, radio and social media. Inspired by similar projects in other countries, the Norwegian Meteorological institute established a project in 2019 to develop their TV meteorologists as climate change communicators. The main objective in the project was to integrate research-based, localized climate content in the weather presentation, as to inform and engage the Norwegian public about climate change. Over a period of almost two years, the project has produced several climate stories on the national TV-news. The majority of the stories have also been shared through social media and through press releases to reach a wide range of audiences. In this paper, experiences from the project at the Norwegian Meteorological institute are shared along with recommendations for climate communication. We claim that TV meteorologists can have an important role in climate change communication, with a potential that is often not yet fully realized, and give our thoughts on how to further develop their role.
Rapid development of fast and flexible environmental models: the Mobius framework v1.0
Authors: Norling Magnus Dahler , Jackson-Blake Leah Amber , Calidonio José-Luis Guerrero , Sample James Edward
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The Mobius model building system is a new open-source
framework for building fast and flexible environmental models. Mobius makes
it possible for researchers with limited programming experience to build
performant models with potentially complicated structures. Mobius models can
be easily interacted with through the MobiView graphical user interface and
through the Python programming language. Mobius was initially developed to
support catchment-scale hydrology and water-quality modelling but can be
used to represent any system of hierarchically structured ordinary
differential equations, such as population dynamics or toxicological models.
Here, we demonstrate how Mobius can be used to quickly prototype several
different model structures for a dissolved organic carbon catchment model
and use built-in auto-calibration and statistical uncertainty analysis tools
to help decide on the best model structures. Overall, we hope the modular
model building platform offered by Mobius will provide a step forward for
environmental modelling, providing an alternative to the “one size fits
all” modelling paradigm. By making it easier to explore a broader range of
model structures and parameterisations, users are encouraged to build more
appropriate models, and in turn this improves process understanding and
allows for more robust modelling in support of decision making.
Las relaciones sexuales entre miembros de minorías religiosas y mujeres cristianas en la Séptima Partida. Un estudio interdisciplinar de las leyes 7.24.9 y 7.25.10
Authors: Fernández-Viagas Escudero Plácido
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo puede ser caracterizado como un trabajo de historia cultural. Su objetivo es interpretar los delitos de fornicación entre miembros de minorías religiosas y mujeres cristianas de la Séptima Partida atendiendo al entramado jurídico y simbólico del que formaban parte. Para ello, aprovecharemos las aportaciones de diferentes ciencias sociales que pueden arrojar luz sobre la materia.
ENSEFALITIS ANTIRESEPTOR NMDA: ENSEFALITIS DENGAN GEJALA AWAL PSIKOSIS
Authors: Estiasari Riwanti , Imran Darma , Maharani Kartika , Pangeran David , Octaviana Fitri , Wulandari Dewi
Published: April 2021

ANTI-NMDA RECEPTOR ENCEPHALITIS: ENCEPHALITIS PRESENTING WITH EARLY PSYCHOSIS SYMPTOMSABSTRACTAnti N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis is seldom found in Indonesia. The atypical initial presentation of psychosis and cognitive disturbance results in underdiagnosed, or even undiagnosed case. This report described a 12-year-old girl presenting with initial psychiatric symptom followed by seizure and oropharyngeal dystonia. Anti-NMDA receptor antibody test carried out on both serum and  cerebrospinal  fluid (CSF) were positive and  no other pathogen was detected in the CSF. Clinical improvement was seen following the third day of methylprednisolone administration. This case demonstrates the importance of considering anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis or the other autoimmune encephalitis as the differential of infective encephalitis. Anti-NMDA receptor antibody test, which can already be performed in Indonesia, will greatly guide to the definitive diagnosis.Keywords: Encephalitis, NMDA, oropharyngeal dystonia, psychiatricABSTRAKEnsefalitis antireseptor N-metil-D-aspartat (NMDA) masih jarang ditemukan di Indonesia. Gejala awal yang tidak khas berupa psikosis dan gangguan kognitif menyebabkan keterlambatan diagnosis, atau bahkan tidak terdiagnosis, ensefalitis jenis ini. Berikut dilaporkan kasus seorang perempuan 12 tahun dengan gejala awal berupa gejala psikiatrik yang diikuti dengan kejang dan munculnya distonia orofaring. Pemeriksaan antibodi antireseptor NMDA pada serum dan cairan serebrospinal (CSS) positif dan tidak ditemukan patogen lain pada pemerikaan CSS. Perbaikan klinis terlihat setelah pemberian metilprednisolon selama 3 hari. Kasus ini memperlihatkan pentingnya mempertimbangkan diagnosis ensefalitis antireseptor NMDA atau ensefalitis autoimun lainnya sebagai diagnosis banding pada kasus ensefalitis infeksi. Oleh karena itu, pemeriksaan antibodi antireseptor NMDA yang telah dapat dilakukan di Indonesia akan sangat membantu proses penegakan diagnosis.Kata kunci: Distonia orofaring, ensefalitis, NMDA, psikiatrik
PENDARAHAN BERULANG SETELAH 14 TAHUN PADA MALFORMASI ARTERIOVENA DI SEREBELARIS
Authors: Trisnadewi Ni Nyoman Ayu , Tini Kumara
Published: April 2021

THE LATE ONSET RE-BLEEDING AFTER 14 YEARS OF RUPTURE CEREBELLAR AVMABSTRACTThe arteriovenous malformation (AVM), a form of abnormality in brain vascularization, in the cerebellum is a rare disorder. The risk of recurrent bleeding after initial episode at five years is very low about 3,67%. We reported a case of 25 years-old man with history of recurrent bleeding after 14 years with hydrocephalus as complication. The brain CT scan showed a bleeding in the cerebellar vermis  with non-communicant hydrocephalus. The Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) showed a moderate left cerebellar AVM with high-flow plexiform nidus, left superior cerebellar artery as primary feeding artery with supplementary supply of the vein draining from the superior cerebellar artery to superior petrosal vein leading to the superior petrosal vein toward the contralateral transverse sinus and left sigmoid sinus. Embolization for infratentorial posterior fossa AVM bleeding needs to be considered even though previous bleeding occurs over 5 years to prevent re-bleeding.Keywords: Arteriovenous malformation, embolization, feeding artery, nidusABSTRAKKelainan pembuluh darah malformasi arteriovena (MAV) pada serebelum merupakan kelainan vaskular yang jarang terjadi. Risiko pendarahan berulang setelah tahun kelima adalah rendah sekitar 3,67%. Dilaporkan suatu kasus laki-laki, 25 tahun, dengan riwayat pendarahan serebri berulang setelah 14 tahun dengan komplikasi hidrosefalus. CT scan kepala menunjukkan adanya pendarahan pada bagian vermis dengan hidrosefalus non-komunikan. Pemeriksaan DSA (digital subtraction angiography) menunjukkan adanya MAV fosa posterior di serebelum kiri ukuran sedang dengan nidus pleksiformis high flow dan feeder utama arteri serebelaris superior kiri ke vena petrosal superior menuju ke sinus transversus kontralateral dan sinus sigmoid kiri. Tata laksana embolisasi pada MAV infratentorial fosa posterior yang mengalami pendarahan perlu dipertimbangkan walaupun pendarahan sebelumnya terjadi lebih dari 5 tahun untuk mencegah pendarahan kembali.Kata kunci: Embolisasi, feeding arteri, malformasi arteriovena, nidus
PERAN TERAPI AKUPUNKTUR PADA CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME
Authors: Djaali Wahyuningsih , Simadibrata Christina Lanny , Nareswari Irma , Helianthi Dwi Rachma , Abdurrohim Kemas
Published: April 2021

ROLE OF ACUPUNCTURE THERAPY IN CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROMEABSTRACTCarpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common peripheral neuropathy. In establishing a diagnosis of CTS, it requires several examinations that cannot stand alone. Symptoms from the anamnesis and signs of physical examination, such as Tinel test, Phalen test, press provocation examination, hand elevation examination and motor examination are needed. Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) investigation is also needed to diagnose CTS. Nevertheless, the clinical diagnosis of CTS can be done based on symptom history and physical examination using criteria by Rempel. Acupuncture is a modali- ty of non-pharmacological therapy performed by using fine needles at the acupuncture points. Acupuncture can improve the clinical symptoms of CTS patients through a mechanism of activation of the area in the brain that plays a role in sensory perception, through anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive mechanisms, and through mechanisms of protective effects on neural networks, thus providing therapeutic effects on neurological disorders due to CTS. By looking at the acupuncture mechanism, acupuncture can be a therapeutic choice for CTS to avoid the long-term side effects of medical therapy.Keywords: Acupuncture, carpal tunnel syndromeABSTRAKCarpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) merupakan neuropati perifer yang paling umum terjadi. Dalam menegakkan diagnosis CTS dibutuhkan beberapa pemeriksaan yang tidak dapat berdiri sendiri. Dibutuhkan gejala dari anamnesis, tanda dari pemeriksaan fisik, yaitu tes Tinel, tes Phalen, pemeriksaan provokasi tekan, pemeriksaan elevasi tangan dan pemeriksaan motorik. Juga dibutuhkan pemeriksaan penunjang kecepatan hantan saraf (KHS) untuk mendiagnosis pasti CTS. Sedangkan diagnosis klinis CTS dapat dilakukan berdasarkan anamnesis gejala dan pemeriksaan fisik dengan menggunakan kriteria oleh Rempel. Akupunktur merupakan modalitas terapi non-farmakologis yang dilakukan dengan penjaruman menggunakan jarum halus pada titik akupunktur. Akupunktur dapat memperbaiki gejala klinis pasien CTS melalui mekanisme aktivasi area di otak yang berperan pada persepsi sensorik, melalui mekanisme anti-inflamasi dan anti- nosiseptif, dan melalui mekanisme efek protektif pada jaringan saraf, sehingga memberikan efek terapeutik pada kelainan neurologis akibat CTS. Dengan melihat mekanisme akupunktur tersebut maka akupunktur dapat menjadi pilihan terapi pada CTS untuk menghindari efek samping jangka panjang dari terapi medikamentosa.Kata kunci: Akupunktur, carpal tunnel syndrome
â€œDiagnostic And Therapeutic Relevance of Sushrutokta Endoscopic Proceduresâ€
Authors: Waghe Subhash , Thakre Pradnya
Published: April 2021

Vikar Darshan Pariksha (examination of pathology by inspection) is one of the important clinical method mentioned by Acharya Sushruta while examining the patient.  Inspection is an active process. It is done with the eyes and the intellect.  As per Acharya Sushruta, Built, features, Power, Colour, Pathology etc. should be examined by external inspection [S.Su.10/5]. Another less explored but equally important aspect of inspection examination is the internal inspection of pathologies through endoscopic procedures. Review of literature shows that Acharya Sushruta had described various diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic procedures like Kantha Weekshan (Oropharyngoscopy) for viewing and removing throat pathologies and foreign bodies [S.Su. 27/17-18], Nasa Weekshan (Rhinoscopy) for viewing and removing the nasal polyp and tumor [S.Su. 8/14], Arsha Weekshan (Proctoscopy) for viewing and removing pile mass'S.Chi. 6/4 & 11], Bhagandar Weekshan (Fistula in Ano Scope) for viewing the track and for application of the medication. Today is the era of minimally invasive procedures. With the help of endoscopic procedures not only diagnosis of the disease is done but also the various therapeutic procedures such as band ligation of oesophageal varices in patients of cirrhosis of liver etc are done. In conclusion, it is observed that the endoscopic procedures have been well documented in Ayurvedic science before they come into practice in modern medicine. Endoscopic procedures are important in diagnosis as well as in the treatment of the internal pathologies.
A review on tambul sevan as a dincharya upakram
Authors: Jadhav Sneha
Published: April 2021

Ayurvedic classics mentioned Tambul sevan in the context of Dinacharya (daily regimen) for the maintenance of perfect oral hygiene, for good taste and as a prevention of diseases of the oral cavity and throat. It too acts as post meal digestive stimulant, aphrodisiac and improves physical and mental stamina. Its preferred time is early in the morning. Purpose of the same was to improve oral hygiene and complete digestion. The detailed study of the ingredients of Tambul as per Samhitas confirms that Taambul so prepared has Deepana , Rochana (appetizing), Kaphaghna, MukhaVaishadyakara i.e mouth cleansing properties. Here in this article we have tried to give data related to tambul sevan as per tradition and present modern condition.
A review on mutra pariksha (urine examination) by Ayurvedic perspective
Authors: Pairkao Sanjay Gamaji , Dudhamal Arun Shankarrao
Published: April 2021

In modern medicine urine examination is used as the one of the important diagnostic and prognostic tool but in Ayurveda urine examination is used in a systematic and scientific way for knowing the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease from samhita kala. Thousands of year before, for diagnosis of the various aspects of the disease and diseased person several methods has been described in different Ayurved samhita. These methods can be broadly classified in to Rogi pariksha and Rog pariksha . While explaining the astavidha (Ashtasthan) pariksha Acharya Yogratnakar has described the methods examination of mutra pariksha after the explanation of the Nadi pariksha and Mala pariksha. He has also described the another  important technique of the mutra parikha known as Tail bindu pariksha which is used for knowing the prognosis of the disease. Mutra pariksha as such in systematic way is not described in brihattrayi, scattered references are available in relation with the physiological and pathological state of sharir. Here attempt has been made to elaborate the ayurvediya mutra pariksha collectively in respect to odor, color, quantity etc which can be a important diagnostic and prognostic tool.
â€œMANTRAS IN PREGNANCY- MONTHWISEâ€
Authors: Mehere Seema Chandrakant
Published: April 2021

In today world different forms of Supraja sanskar, garbha sanskar , some thing additional to the regular ANC care have become very popular amongst the People as well as Healthcare providers .Along with Yoga , Diet  and medicines, Mantra and music are an integral part of all these programmes. Mantra-shakti is proven to be very powerful for pregnant women even in this materialistic world. It creates a high vibration, a sacred sound, and a deep, loving peace for yourself and your growing baby. Chanting mantras can uplift your soul and you may feel a close connection to specific mantras during pregnancy. This process is also known as â€˜Garbha Sanskarâ€™ as per ancient Indian tradition. In Garbhini Paricharya also, our texts have advised mangal swasti vachan for the garbhini to create positivity and ward off evil forces.
               Mantras generate positive energy and all the mantras have specific purposes. Chanting mantras provide peace of mind and purity at heart. Mantra is a powerful tool for peace and joy during these days of tremendous changes of pregnancy and motherhood and you must chant them throughout your pregnancy for an easy delivery and a healthy you and a healthy baby. Month wise mantras have also been described in our ancient texts. For eg.  During the first month the fertilized ovum is in the liquid state and this process takes place through intercourse for the purpose of the birth of life   this month is ruled by planet Venus. Hence   Om Shukray Namah mantra should be chanted.
 
               Use of mantra chanting has positive effects and calming effects on the mother and the baby. The purpose of this article is to describe the different mantras and their effects in pregnancy. using mantra in pregnancy and in birth can create a healthy  mother and baby and hence Supraja .
Critical Study Of Ischemic Heart Disease W.S.R. To Ayurvedokta Shatkriyakala
Authors: Waghe Subhash , Deshmukh Sanjay P. , Thakre Pradnya P.
Published: April 2021

The death due to ischemic heart disease is increasing in Indian population at an alarming rate and accounts for around 15-20% of all deaths. The number of factors play role in the development of ischemic heart diseases but over consumption of oily fatty food and unhealthy lifestyle (mithya ahar vihar) with mental stress are the important basic factors enumerated by both the science. Shatkriya Kala is a unique pathological concept in Ayurveda developed with aim of treating the diseases at various stages of pathogesnesis. Ancient Ayurvedic acharyas had stated 6 such stages of therapeutic intervention with reference to six stages of pathogenesis namely sanchaya, prakopa, prasara, sthansanshraya, vyakti and bheda.. If disease is treated in early stages, it does not lead to complications. Hence, it is essential to apply the Ayurvedic concept of pathogenesis like â€˜Shat Kriyakalaâ€™  to ischemic heart disease so as to study it from Ayurvedic pathological point of view and to evolve a strategy to deal with it, based on the Ayurvedokta principles of treatment particularly in terms of shatkriyakalas. The study of ischemic heart disease with reference to Shat Kriyakala, showed that the pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease can very well be arranged in Ayurvedokta  six stages of Shat Kriyakala and treatment could be framed as per different stages. With the help of modern investigations, these six stages could be confirmed.
Review on effect of long term standing posture on varicose veins and its management
Authors: Sing Prashant Kumar
Published: April 2021

The lifestyle changes, obesity, the occupational pattern of prolonged standing and pregnancy are considered to be significantly contributing to this situation known as Varicose veins wherein veins become enlarged and twisted. Incidence of varicose vein is more in people belonging to the occupation that involved prolonged standing. Varicose vein can be co-related to Sirajgranthi as described in Ayurvedic texts. Ayurved formulations are said to be effective in the management of Sirajgranthi (Varicose veins) Sirajgranthi, treated at an early stage or allows proper maintenance of signs and symptoms reduces the complications and support a better quality of life. In this article we have tried to analyse the anatomical and physiological changes due to long term standing.
An Ayurvedic approach of constipation
Authors: Parwe Shweta
Published: April 2021

Ayurveda believes in the doshik theory of disease. The balanced state of these doshas is health and imbalanced state of the doshas is called disease. The equilibrium of these three basic substances is responsible for maintaining good health. Similarly disequilibrium of these may cause disintegration of the body or may lead to death.
Constipation may be associated with an organic local lesion or generalized systemic disease. In the majority of cases constipation is a functional disorder caused due to delay in the passage of fecal matter or due to an insufficient bulk of the feces.
Pharmaceutico-Analytical study of Bhringaraja oil and its Conversion into Lotion
Authors: Mishra Shivani Jaiprakash
Published: April 2021

Rasashastra and bhaishajya kalpana is one of the branch of Ayurveda in which all methods of ayurvedic medicine purification, formation, dose, indication are available. The concept of beauty and cosmetics is an ancient as mankind and civilization. Indian herbs and its significance are popular worldwide. In present scenario, it seems improbable that herbal lotion, although better in performance and safer than the synthetic ones, will be popular with the consumers. So, oil can get converted into lotion, that will increase the easiness to use the medicine with increase in shelf life. Ayurvedic literature name sharangdhar Samhita had explained bhringaraja oil used in dandruff (darunak) , itching of scalp, alopecia rogadhikara. The present study is about the preparation of Bhringaraja lotion and its comparative Physico- chemical study with Bhringaraja oil. In this study conversion of oil into lotion is done as it is easily acquired by society
Implementasi ISM Code dalam Meningkatkan Keselamatan Pelayaran Kapal di Pelabuhan Tanjung Intan Cilacap
Authors: Indriyani  , Robertus Igang P  , Tiara Pandansari
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan mengetahui pengaruh implentasi ISM Code dalam meningkatkan keselamatan pelayaran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan mengambil sampel sebanyak 75 orang yang merupakan crew kapal dari Departemen Dek dan Departemen Mesin yang melakukan kegiatan bongkar muat di Pelabuhan Tanjung Intan Cilacap. Analisis data menggunakan regresi linier sederhana. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan ISM Code berpengaruh terhadap keselamatan pelayaran.
Getting to Know about Readability Level
Authors: Vidhiasi Dhion Meitreya
Published: April 2021

English is a language that is still difficult to "conquer", especially with its status as a foreign language. Not only is it difficult in terms of pronunciation, but also most Indonesians still have difficulty understanding the English translation text that has been translated into Indonesian. This study will explain the level of readability of a reading text. The level of readability greatly affects how a text can be understood by readers who come from the target language. There are 3 (three) readability levels: high, medium, and low readability. In addition, there are several things that affect the readability of a translated text, such as the use of new words, idioms, and taxa sentences. Translating a word or a reading text not only requires knowledge of translation techniques but also the translator's competence and understanding of the context of the text to be translated.
RAVNOPRAVAN TRETMAN SUPERIORNIH, PROSJEČNIH I DJECE S TEŠKOĆAMA U RAZVOJU U SAVREMENOJ ŠKOLI
Authors: Ramić Osman
Published: April 2021

U teoriji i praksi savremenog odgojno-obrazovnog rada nezaobilazna su pitanja koja tretiraju rad djece s posebnim potrebama. Pod ovim pojmom se najčešće misli na učenike koji iz bilo kojih razloga zaostaju u praćenju nastave, u izvršavanju školskih obaveza i ostvarivanju pozitivnih ishoda učenja. Malo ili gotovo nikako se ne vrši razgraničenje ovih i onih drugih učenika kod kojih su posebne potrebe izraz želje za većom spoznajom, za produktivnijim i plodotvornijim radom i učenjem. Nastavnici u težnji da zadovolje zahtjeve nastavnog plana i programa, redovno svoju pažnju usmjeravaju na prvu kategoriju učenika ne ostavljajući prostora i vremena za one druge, koji su nam jednako važni kao i ovi. 'Jesu li superiorni učenici zapostavljeni u našim školama?', pitanje je koje se s jasnim razlogom nameće - radi njih i njihove budućnosti.
ŠERIJATSKI ASPEKTI UPOTREBE ALKOHOLA U PROIZVODNJI LIJEKOVA, HRANE I KOZMETIČKIH PREPARATA
Authors: Kanurić Hakija
Published: April 2021

Savremena proizvodnja stremi ostvarenju što većeg profita i maksimalnoj eksploataciji sirovina. Pri tome se nerijetko u prehrambene artikle i lijekove unose vjerom zabranjene materije. Musliman je dužan paziti na granice koje je Svevišnji Allah postavio i u svoj organizam unositi samo lijepo, čisto i halal. Alkohol je jedna od tih zabranjenih stvari, međutim zabrana se ne odnosi na sve što se naziva tim imenom. Isto tako, stanje nužde i potrebe razlikuje se od uobičajenog stanja. Ovaj rad ima za cilj rasvijetliti značenje alkohola na koji se odnosi zabrana, ukazati na razlike između opojnog pića i etilnog alkohola, pojasniti propis liječenja haramom, te propis upotrebe alkoholnih pića i etanola u proizvodnji hrane, lijekova i drugog.
UTJECAJ ISLAMA NA NASTANAK I RAZVOJ UZRITSKE POEZIJE
Authors: Rebronja Semir
Published: April 2021

Uzritska ljubavna poezija je poezija arapske pustinje, nastala u dolini Wadi al-Qura kao izraz snažnih pjesničkih osjećanja i ljubavi prema samo jednoj ženi. Kao takva, uzritska poezija je oličenje arapske platonske ljubavi, duboko ukorijenjene u srce pustinjskog pjesnika. Snažan utjecaj na nastanak i razvoj ove poezije, nesumnjivo dao je i islam, propagirajući i afirmišući čednost, moralnost i plemenitost. Islam je kroz svoje učenje o čednosti i moralu potakao i razvijao čednu i moralnu poeziju koja je svoj vrhunac doživjela u poeziji uzritskih pjesnika.
BOGOBOJAZNOST KAO TERAPIJA ZA STRAHOVE I FOBIJE
Authors: Štulanović Muharem
Published: April 2021

su klaustrofobija (od zatvorenih prostora), agorafobija (od otvorenih prostora), akrofobija (od visine), dentofobija (strah od stomatologa), fobija od socijalnih (društvenih) situacija, ksenofobija (strah ili mržnja prema strancima), određenih životinja, kao što su: zmije, pauci, ptice, miševi, štakori; prirodnih pojava: poplava, grmljavine, leda; krvi i ozljeda; specifičnih situacija kao što je letenja avionom, vožnja liftom itd Fobije i strahovi mogu biti različitog intenziteta, od malih do smrtnih strahova. Živimo u savremenom dobu, navikavamo se i patimo od jedne nove vrste planetarne fobije, a to je strah od zaraze koronavirusom.Uzvišeni Allah spominje strah kao sredstvo iskušenja, ispita pa i kazne. Tako puhanje u rog na Sudnjem danu spominje kao kosmičko buđenje osjećaja smrtnog straha koji će prethoditi uništenju i smrti svih živih stvorenja:ونُفِخَ فِي الصُّورِ فَصَعِقَ مَن فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَن فِي الْأَرْضِ إِلَّا مَن شَاءَ اللَّهُ ۖ I u Rog će se puhnuti, i umrijeće oni na nebesima i oni na Zemlji, ostaće samo oni koje bude Allah odabrao (Kur'an, 39: 68); U komentaru ovog ajeta i kroz tefsirske eksplikacije navodi se hadis :" يُنْفَخُ فِي الصُّورِ ثَلاثَ نَفَخَاتٍ: الأولى: نَفْخَةُ الفَزَعِ, والثَّانِيَةُ: نَفْخَةُ الصَّعْقِ, والثَّالِثَةُ: نَفْخَةُ القِيَامِ لِرَبِّ العَالَمِينَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى، يَأْمُرُ اللهُ إسْرَافِيلَ بالنَّفْخَةِ الأولى, فَيَقُولُ: انْفُخْ نَفْخَةَ الفَزَعِ, فتَفْزَعُ أهْلُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وأهْلُ الأرْضِ إلا مَنْ شَاءَ اللهُ"Puhnut će se u Rog tri puta: da izazove smrtni strah,smrt,ustajanje pred Gospodarem svjetova. Uzvišeni će narediti Israfilu: - Puši prvo za smrtni strah! Od njega će se prepasti stanovnici zemlje i nebesa, osim onih za koje Uzvišeni htjedne da se ne prepadnu...Uzvišeni Allah kada govori o iskušenjima na ovom svijetu započinje upravo s vidom kušnje - strahom:وَلَنَبْلُوَنَّكُم بِشَيْءٍ مِّنَ الْخَوْفِ وَالْجُوعِ وَنَقْصٍ مِّنَ الْأَمْوَالِ وَالْأَنفُسِ وَالثَّمَرَاتِ ۗ وَبَشِّرِ الصَّابِرِينَMi ćemo vas dovoditi u iskušenje malo sa strahom (mrvicom straha, količinom koju čovjek može podnijeti) i gladovanjem, i time što ćete gubiti imanja i živote i ljetine. A ti obraduj strpljive/izdržljive (Kur'an, 2: 155).U ovom radu želimo da progovorimo samo o jednoj vrsti straha koju vjernik treba da posjeduje i osjeća kao poticaj i stimulans svih svojih životnih aktivnosti, a to je strah od dragog Boga, strahopoštovanje ili bogobojaznost, bogoštovanje koje osjeća ili treba osjećati spram uzvišenog Stvoritelja! Kada se čovjek naoruža s ovim vidom pozitivnog straha, onda nestaju drugi strahovi; strahovi od jakog i nadređenog: direktora, vladara, kralja, predsjednika, ministra, policajca itd. Prema tome, bogobojaznost i strah od Boga je terapija za sve druge vidove fobija i strahova.
MREŽNI MARKETING S ASPEKTA ISLAMSKOG PRAVA
Authors: Kanurić Hakija
Published: April 2021

Ovaj rad ima za cilj predstaviti mrežni marketing kao model poslovanja, distribucije i prodaje robe, ukazati na njegove pozitivnosti i negativnosti, praktična iskustva i zakonske regulative nekih zemalja spram ovog poslovnog modela, te elaborirati mišljenja savremenih islamskih pravnika o mrežnom marketingu i na koncu eksplicirati njegov šerijatsko-pravni status te objasniti da li je kompatibilan islamskim normama poslovanja ili ne.Prilikom proučavanja i analiziranja mrežnog marketinga korištena je metoda teorijske analize, deskriptivno-analitička i komparativna metoda.Rezultat studije pokazuje da je mrežni marketing u svojoj uobičajenoj formi, pri kojoj se članstvo uvjetuje novčanom uplatom ili kupovinom proizvoda, zabranjen. Da bi mrežni marketing s aspekta islamskog prava bio prihvatljiv, neophodno je da prodaja tim putem zadovoljava opće uvjete kupoprodaje u islamskom pravu, da proizvod koji se tim putem prodaje vrijedi cijene koja se za njega plaća, da se kroz marketing proizvoda ne služi obmanom i da se ne uzima profit od članova iz nižih nivoa kojima se ne čini nikakva usluga.
Desigualdad, acción colectiva y redistribución: un nuevo indicador para una relación compleja
Authors: Traversa Federico
Published: April 2021

La literatura más influyente en economía política supone que un aumento de la desigualdad incrementa las presiones por la redistribución del ingreso, pero esta presunción no parece corroborarse empíricamente. Quizás esto se deba a que en ocasiones la desigualdad aumenta únicamente entre los tramos inferiores de la distribución total de ingresos. En estos casos, la desigualdad aumenta la dispersión de los ingresos entre los sectores más interesados en redistribuir y esto incrementa sus problemas de acción colectiva. Este artículo propone un nuevo principio teórico para el análisis de la relación entre la desigualdad y la redistribución, y desarrolla un indicador consistente con este principio. Finalmente se efectúa una primera exploración empírica para ilustrar como el indicador propuesto se encuentra significativamente asociado con los niveles de redistribución del ingreso en 19 países de la OCDE entre 1974 y 2005
Horas de trabajo, responsabilidad, autonomía en el trabajo y práctica de actividad físico-deportiva de la población europea
Authors: Clemente Remón Ángel Luis , Díaz-Benito Víctor Jiménez , Jiménez-Beatty Navarro José Emilio , Santacruz Lozano José Antonio
Published: April 2021

La población europea practica insuficiente actividad físico-deportiva. Un posible factor influyente es la actividad laboral. El presente trabajo pretende conocer la asociación entre el cumplimento de las recomendaciones de la OMS y determinadas variables laborales utilizando los datos de la Encuesta Social Europea con una muestra de 18.240 trabajadores en activo de 20 países. Los resultados muestran que aquellas personas que trabajaban menos horas eran físicamente más activas. De igual forma, las largas jornadas de trabajo afectaban de forma más negativa a las mujeres y personas con ingresos bajos. La zona geográfica, los ingresos y la edad eran más condicionantes para la práctica de la actividad físico-deportiva que las propias horas de trabajo. Finalmente, la autonomía para organizar el trabajo diario podría contribuir a una mayor práctica de las mujeres.
Os caminhos da expansão da educação superior no Brasil e em Portugal: convergências e divergências
Authors: Cabrito Belmiro Gil , Castro Alda Maria Duarte Araújo
Published: April 2021

O artigo analisa a expansão da educação superior no Brasil e em Portugal procurando identificar as convergências e as divergências ocorridas em consequência das políticas de adotadas em cada país para aumentar a cobertura por esse nível de ensino. O texto toma como pressuposto que a necessidade de ampliação por educação superior ocorre no contexto das transformações econômicas e sociais das últimas décadas do século XX e princípios do XXI, bem como que tal ampliação trouxe o estabelecimento de novos padrões de competitividade, o uso intensivo das tecnologias da comunicação e da informação – o que provocou a inversão da concepção de Estado que até então era prevalente na organização da sociedade capitalista. Os dados coletados tiveram como referência, no Brasil, as sinopses estatísticas elaboradas pelo INEP, sobre a educação superior e, em Portugal, a Base de Dados Portugal Contemporâneo (PORDATA). Internacionalmente, utilizou-se dados da World Conference of Higher Education (UNESCO). Os resultados evidenciam que a expansão da educação superior ocorreu nos dois países, mas guarda entre si diferenças significativas de cunho econômico, social e político assentadas em condições históricas, as quais foram determinadas pela posição que os países ocupam dentro do capitalismo global.
Arendt Corrections
Authors: Bajohr Hannes ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2021

Judith Shklar wrote about Hannah Arendt throughout her career. However, her nuanced readings are often ignored by scholars who prefer to depict both philosophers as stark counter-images. In this paper, I offer a more complex comparison on the basis of all of Shklar’s writings about Arendt. Shklar’s critique is grounded in what she sees as the Romantic strand in Arendt’s thought, which she identifies with a metaphysical, elitist, and aestheticizing stance towards politics, a distaste for modernity, and a nostalgia for Greek antiquity. For Shklar, this position comes to the fore both in what she believes to be Arendt’s purely therapeutic notion of revolution as well as the rejection of her own Jewish identity. Nevertheless, Shklar also admired Arendt’s insights about exile and her appreciation of Kant. Through her sustained critique of Arendt, Shklar developed her own conception of a realist, rights-affirming, and anti-metaphysical liberalism.
Maturidade de sementes de Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan
Authors: Cruz Maria Soraia Fortado Vera , Malavasi Marlene De Matos , Ristau Ana Carolina Pinguelli , Malavasi Ubirajara Contro , Dranski João Alexandre Lopes
Published: April 2021

Esta pesquisa objetivou determinar o melhor momento da colheita de sementes de Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan baseado na cor do fruto. Os frutos foram classificados em quatro estádios de maturação: fruto com cor verde-amarelo moderado; fruto com cor castanho-escuro; fruto com cor castanho-escuro avermelhado; e fruto com cor castanho-claro. As sementes foram avaliadas quanto às características biométricas e testadas quanto à germinação e vigor. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. As médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (p ≤ 0,05). Realizou-se uma análise de correlação não paramétrica de Spearman entre os estádios de maturação e as características físicas e fisiológicas das sementes. As maiores médias de tamanho foram observadas nas sementes dos frutos com cor verde e castanho-escuro. As sementes dos frutos com cores castanho-escuro avermelhado e castanho-claro apresentaram redução drástica no teor de água, e evidenciaram alto potencial germinativo e de vigor. Observaram-se correlações fortes e negativas entre o estádio de maturação e as características físicas das sementes. Por outro lado, o acúmulo de massa seca, potencial de germinação e de emergência e os índices de vigor apresentaram correlações fortes e diretamente proporcionais ao estádio de maturação. A cor do fruto, aliada às características físicas das sementes, demonstraram-se como um bom indicador da maturidade fisiológica das sementes de Anadenanthera colubrina. Frutos com cores castanho-escuro avermelhado e castanho-claro apresentam qualidade fisiológica superior. Desse modo, o indicativo de tais colorações sugere o momento da colheita das sementes.
Potencial uso da casca de café como constituinte de substrato para produção de mudas de espécies florestais
Authors: Silva Oclizio Medeiros das Chagas , Hernández Marileydy Martínez , Araujo Geisislaine Do Carmo Reis , Cunha Fernanda Leite , Evangelista Djavan Valentim da Paixão , Leles Paulo Sérgio dos Santos , Melo Lucas Amaral de
Published: April 2021

Na produção de mudas de espécies florestais há vários fatores que influenciam no seu crescimento. Dentre estes, um dos mais importantes é a composição do substrato. Nesse sentido, é essencial a seleção de bons constituintes que atendam a essa demanda. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento inicial de mudas de Eucalyptus urophylla, Peltophorum dubium e Eremanthus erythropappus, produzidas em diferentes formulações de substratos. Para cada espécie, foi instalado e conduzido um experimento, utilizando-se nas formulações os constituintes casca de arroz compostada, casca de café compostada, fibra de coco e substrato comercial. Os experimentos foram instalados em delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC), constituídos por oito tratamentos, cinco repetições e 20 mudas por parcela. Para avaliação da qualidade das mudas, aos 120 dias foram mensuradas as variáveis altura, diâmetro do coleto, peso de matéria seca da parte aérea, peso de matéria seca do sistema radicular e índice de qualidade de Dickson. Como análises qualitativas, foram avaliadas a facilidade de retirada das mudas do tubete e a agregação das raízes ao substrato. Os resultados encontrados após a avaliação atestaram que as mudas produzidas nos tratamentos formulados com casca de café compostada apresentaram valores superiores para a maioria das variáveis analisadas, quando comparado com as mudas produzidas nos tratamentos formulados com a casca de arroz e na testemunha. Para as três espécies, indica-se a utilização da proporção de 40% de casca de café compostada com 40% de substrato comercial e 20% de fibra de coco para composição do substrato.
Avaliação de incêndio em ambiente de Caatinga a partir de imagens Landsat-8, índice de vegetação realçado e análise por componentes principais
Authors: Silva Junior Juarez Antonio , Pacheco Admilson Da Penha
Published: April 2021

O fogo é um fator importante na perturbação e perda de florestas secas tropicais globais. Os incêndios florestais exercem um papel ecológico relevante, pois afetam a biodiversidade local, as propriedades do solo e o suprimento de água. O bioma Caatinga apresenta um alto nível de degradação de atividades antrópicas e naturais, sendo extremamente afetado por incêndios originados predominantemente por atividades humanas. O sensoriamento remoto orbital, por apresentar características espaciais, espectrais e temporais específicas, é uma alternativa tecnológica imprescindível no monitoramento de áreas afetadas pelo fogo na superfície terrestre. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar, no âmbito espacial, espectral e temporal, o comportamento de um incêndio em ambiente de Caatinga a partir de Imagens Landsat-8, Índice de Vegetação Realçado e Análise por Componentes Principais. A quantificação de características da vegetação derivada do índice espectral fornece uma melhor avaliação da condição física da superfície terrestre sob efeitos do fogo. Técnicas de sensoriamento remoto e estatística multivariada foram utilizadas para avaliar comportamento espectral da vegetação nativa exposta a eventos de incêndio do bioma Caatinga. Os resultados do Teste de Normalidade Kolmogorov-Smirnov apresentaram um nível de significância de 5 %. A integração dos métodos estatísticos de Regressão Linear Simples e Análise por Componentes Principais possibilitaram diagnósticos importantes nas estimativas e/ou relacionamentos entre as variáveis aleatórias. A técnica multivariada permitiu avaliar 94% da variação de dados. Os mapas resultantes da metodologia testada representam um aprimoramento importante no mapeamento da distribuição da vegetação. Este estudo gera indicativos para futuras pesquisas científicas vinculadas ao gerenciamento do espaço relacionado à vulnerabilidade e recuperação de paisagens de vegetação do clima semiárido sob situações de fogo geradas por incêndios.