bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A etnofísica da produção de farinha na comunidade Taquandeua
Authors: Da Silva Antonio Mateus Pinheiro , Do Rosario Samuel Antonio Silva
Published: December 2023

Este artigo investiga a interação entre a Etnofísica e as práticas tradicionais de produção de farinha na comunidade Taquandeua, em Bragança, Pará, com foco nas implicações para o ensino de física. Utilizando métodos etnográficos e análise qualitativa, o estudo revela como os farinheiros locais aplicam intuitivamente princípios termodinâmicos em suas práticas, evidenciando um conhecimento empírico profundo alinhado com a física moderna. Este achado destaca a importância da Etnofísica, mostrando a fusão entre sabedoria tradicional e princípios físicos contemporâneos, especialmente na produção de farinha. A pesquisa sugere que a integração de perspectivas etnográficas no ensino de física pode enriquecer a compreensão dos alunos, ampliando a aplicação da física no mundo real e promovendo o reconhecimento do conhecimento tradicional. O artigo enfatiza a relevância de abordagens interdisciplinares e culturalmente inclusivas no ensino e aprendizagem da física, ressaltando como tais métodos podem aprimorar o ensino de conceitos científicos e valorizar as práticas das comunidades tradicionais.
The Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease using EEG Signals
Authors: Akkaş Hülya , Latifoğlu Fatma , Tokmakçı Mahmut
Published: December 2023

Alzheimer is a common and significant neurological disorder worldwide, typically associated with age-related dementia. Alzheimer's patients exhibit slower brain activities compared to healthy individuals, and the most prominent symptom of the disease is the impairment of cognitive functions. Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's is crucial to prevent the rapid progression of the disease. In this study, the feasibility of using electroencephalography (EEG) signals, a non-invasive, cost-effective, and objective method, to facilitate the diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) was investigated. The study utilized EEG signals from both Alzheimer's patients and healthy individuals, which were made publicly available by Florida State University. Preprocessing was applied to the EEG signals to eliminate existing noise. Subsequently, a total of 34 various features in the time and frequency domains, such as entropy, Hjorth parameters, etc., were extracted from the EEG signals for the purpose of Alzheimer's diagnosis. Machine learning techniques, including decision trees (DT), support vector machines (SVM), and artificial neural networks (ANN), were applied to classify the data, and success rates for Alzheimer's detection were achieved.
Complex Exponential Modulated Quadrature Filter Bank Design Based on Chaos Game Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Karakaş Mehmet Fatih , Latifoğlu Fatma
Published: December 2023

The design approach presented in this paper uses a new metaheuristic method Chaos Game Optimization (CGO) to design a 2-channel quadrature mirror filter (QMF) banks. For this study, finite impulse response (FIR) low-pass prototype filter coefficients are optimized to minimize the cost function. The cost function is formulated as the sum of four terms: the square sum of the errors between this estimated frequency response and the ideal filter response, passband ripple, stopband ripple, and stopband edge frequency error. These parameters are important components of FIR filter prototype design that are often used alone in many studies. To obtain a QMF bank prototype filter, prototype filter modulated with an appropriate complex exponential signal. The produced design results of the proposed method like performance parameters, frequency responses of prototype filters and QMF bank results are presented and compared with earlier reported results. The results show that the presented study has significant improvement in the performance parameters of QMF banks and prototype filter.
Evaluation of the effect of the carried baggage on the selected stabilometric parameters, body posture and occurrence of pain in young women
Authors: Rajfur Joanna , Rajfur Katarzyna , Roden Natalia , Fras-Łabanc Beata , Dolibog Paweł
Published: December 2023

Background: Posture ergonomics is becoming an increasingly discussed issue in the literature. The effect of daily habits and attitudes, especially overloading ones, is an important topic of currently conducted research. Performing simple tasks correctly is an important aspect. The following paper deals with the topic of women's handbag and the effect of carrying it on various stabilometric parameters.Aim of the Study: The aim of the study was to check whether the examined women who carry a one-shoulder bag are affected by posture and the occurrence of pain.Material and methods: Forty-two womens aged 20-25 years were enrolled in the study and were assigned to two equal comparison groups: group A – ladies carrying a purse on the right arm, group B – ladies carrying a purse on the left arm. The following tests were performed: evaluation of postural stability, including total sway path (SP) using a stabilometric platform, the degree of spinal curvature was assessed with a scoliometer, the degree of pelvic tilt was measured with an electronic inclinometer, and the extent of lateral head flexion was checked with an electronic goniometer. Back pain intensity was assessed using the VAS scale.Results: There appeared to be a statistically significant difference in the transfer of the center of gravity to the right side in group A, and to the left side in group B. As for the stabilometric parameters, only the SP [mm] parameter achieved statistical significance. The highest correlations were observed in the group A, between pain complaints and the motion range of head flexion to the right (r= -0.62). In both groups, there were no significant statistical differences within the groups with and without declared pain (p>0.05). However, in the intergroup comparison for patients without a bag (p=0.01), with their own bag (p=0.04) and with a 3kg bag (p=0.02), there were statistically significant differencesConclusions: A bag worn on one shoulder can provoke the occurrence of back pain. The stabilometric results indicate abnormalities in free standing. Education about pain prevention and maintaining proper posture is important.
The Wages in Employment Relations in the Tourism Sector in Yogyakarta in Justice Perspective
Authors: Shalihah Fithriatus , Alviah Siti , Shob’ron Imtikhan Anas
Published: December 2023

The tourism sector in Indonesia plays a significant role in the country's foreign exchange income. Optimizing this sector is seen as a way to stimulate various economic segments after the Covid-19 pandemic. However, the workers in this industry face multiple challenges in their employment relationships. Issues such as sub-minimum wages and excessive working hours are prevalent among workers in the hotel, restaurant, and travel agency domains. These problems indicate systemic obstacles within the industry. This study focuses on the Special Region of Yogyakarta and examines the legal intricacies within the employment relationships of its tourism sector. Specifically, it explores the Culinary and Cultural Services Sector associated with the Remains of the Tombs of Kings. The primary goal is to clarify the nuances of justice within employment relationships and scrutinize the alignment of rights for culinary service workers and royal grave attendants with Indonesian law or the presence of justifiable legal reasons for deviations. The research methodology involves comprehensive data collection through stakeholder interviews, summarizing diverse challenges in the field. Findings underscore persistent discrepancies, notably within certain restaurants that violate the stipulated minimum wage as per the Indonesian Job Creation Law through fixed-term or indefinite-term work agreements. On the other hand, the employment relationship of Abdi Dalem workers, safeguarding Kings' tombs, aligns with labor laws due to their casual daily worker status, justified by an intermittent work schedule that exceeds legal provisions. In conclusion, this research provides a nuanced understanding of the existing issues within the employment relationships of the tourism sector. It sheds light on both legal infringements and instances where deviations are substantiated by explicit legal rationales.
The Role of Place Attachment in Building Community-Based Solid Waste Management Practices in the Municipality of Calauan, Laguna
Authors: Constantino Gene Sophia , Macagba Sharon Feliza Ann , Eligue John Ceffrey , Paro Fevi Rose
Published: December 2023

Place attachment has been studied over the past years in the realm of environmental psychology and social sciences. The study explores the place attachment of the residents of Calauan, Laguna, a second-class municipality in the Philippines which faces a very challenging waste problem. Further, the study aims to characterize the degree of place attachment of the residents, determine residents’ environmentally responsible behavior in accordance with their place attachment, and explain the role of place attachment in building community-based solid waste management (SWM) practices in the locality. The study used a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire incorporating socio-demographic characteristics, three (3) parameters of place attachment (place identity, nature bonding, and community ties), and concept of environmentally responsible behavior. Findings revealed that place attachment of the residents, as determined by the three parameters used, were at a high level — a means in having a positive role in building SWM practices. Consequently, decision-making influenced by active citizenry and participatory planning will eventually trigger a holistic and ecologically sound intervention towards the environment.
Kriteria om gedigte vir graad 12-Afrikaans Huistaal te keur en voor te skryf
Authors: Vos Elize , Ruiters Duncan
Published: December 2023

Poësie-onderrig is belangrik vir taalaanleer, asook vir die ontwikkeling van leerders se emosionele intelligensie, verbeelding en verdraagsaamheid jeens diversiteit. Wanneer gedigte in ŉ nuwe tydsgees voorgeskryf word, sonder om gepaste kriteria en die mening van gesaghebbendes in ag te neem, word meer skade as goed aangerig. Onlangs het uiteenlopende menings oor die nuutvoorgeskrewe gedigte van graad 12-Afrikaans Huistaal weer die soeklig op die kriteria vir die keuse van voorgeskrewe gedigte geplaas (Steyn, 2023: 8). Die keuringsproses behoort kriteria rakende die diversiteit van Afrikaans, die leefwêreld van die graad 12-leerder, en riglyne van die Nasionale Kurrikulum- en Assesseringsbeleidsverklaring (KABV), Afrikaans Huistaal, Verdere Onderwys- en Opleidingsfase (VOO) in te sluit (Departement van Basiese Onderwys [DBO], 2011). Ons bepleit egter selfgerigtheid van taalonderwysers in die keuringsproses, aangesien hulle die rolspelers is wat die leerders die beste ken. Hierdie oorsigartikel word vanuit die interpretivistiese navorsingsparadigma geskryf en is kwalitatief van aard, aangesien data by wyse van verskillende kwalitatiewe insamelingsmetodes verkry is. Ter aansluiting by die literatuurondersoek is ŉ dokumentontleding van die KABV (Afrikaans Huistaal, VOO-fase) én ŉ opsommende teksontleding van die jongste voorgeskrewe gedigte onderneem. Die data word narratief ontleed. Die primêre doel is om werkswyses voor te stel aan belanghebbendes (keurpanele, Afrikaans Huistaalonderwysers, voorgraadse onderwysstudente en kurrikulum-beplanners) om gepaste gedigte vir graad 12-Afrikaans Huistaalleerders op ŉ selfgerigte wyse as voorgeskrewe tekste te keur.
3D printing becomes concrete: exploring the structural potential of concrete 3D printing
Authors: Richardson Victoria
Published: December 2023

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is celebrated as part of the next Industrial Revolution, in which automation and artificial intelligence will transform the construction industry. It is at the forefront of building innovation and has the potential to have a revolutionary effect on how structures are built. We are not the first industry to seek the benefits of robotically controlled, free-form manufacture: the medical, automotive and aeronautical industries are just some areas where 3D printed parts are now offered as standard products or component parts. 3D printing has proved particularly successful where rapidly produced, low-cost, unique products are needed. A recent surge in mass customisation has enabled industry to produce custom-made shoes printed to the form of one’s foot or to tailor a life-changing prosthesis adapted to one’s individual shape and size. In this article, Victoria Richardson, winner of the Institution's Pai Lin Li Travel Award 2016, discusses her research to explore how structural engineering and the construction industry can benefit from 3D printing.
“Sprinkling Death”: Using the Subversive Humor of Mock-Translation in the Classroom
Authors: Heward Lehyla
Published: December 2023

Four students in the third-year undergraduate course CHN 3003: Reading and Translating Chinese at the University of Malta worked together to create a mock-translation of a fast-food menu. This article examines this collaborative task and evaluates its strengths and weaknesses against the theoretical framework of mock-translation, while also taking into account the socio-cultural particularities of the Maltese context. Malta is a small island nation in the Mediterranean and a former British colony. Students at the University of Malta, including those who study Chinese, are often bilingual in English and Maltese (a Semitic language) or another European language. Instructors working in the Chinese-English translation classroom may find the collaborative translation exercise a useful tool for getting students to consider the intersection between theory and practice.
Ius publicum in iure privato. Javnopravne prvine v rimskem zasebnem pravu
Authors: Žepič Vid
Published: December 2023

Razprava obravnava javnopravne prvine rimskega zasebnega prava, pri čemer predstavlja vključenost pravne osebe javnega prava v razmerja s subjekti zasebnega prava kriterij za izbor analiziranih institutov. Pravne osebe javnega prava so v izhodiščno zasebnopravnih razmerjih nastopale v oblastni vlogi, v vlogi nadzornika in pravnoposlovnega partnerja. Cilj razprave je ugotoviti, ali in na kakšen način je rimsko pravo zaradi udeležbe pravne osebe javnega prava odstopilo od svojih temeljnih postulatov in po tej poti izoblikovalo posebna »mešana« javno-zasebna pravna razmerja.
Frankfurtski knjižni sejmi in naši kraji
Authors: Dular Anja
Published: December 2023

Zgodovina frankfurtskega knjižnega sejma sega v drugo polovico 15. stoletja. Sredi 16. stoletja so začeli izdajati kataloge sejmov, ki so odličen vir za poznavanje knjig, predstavljenih na teh prireditvah. Po pregledu katalogov za 16. in 17. stoletje so v članku predstavljene knjige, povezane s slovenskim prostorom, oz. knjige slovenskih avtorjev, ki so bile v prvih 200 letih na frankfurtskem knjižnem sejmu. Že leta 1592 so tam predstavili deli Hieronima Megiserja s področja jezikoslovja – zbirko pregovorov Paroemiologia in Dictonarium quatuor linguarum (štirijezični slovar), obravnavani jeziki so – nemščina latinščina, slovenščina in italijanščina.
On Rulers' Titles and the Names of Balkan Peoples from the Middle Ages to Modern Times
Authors: Proeva Nade
Published: December 2023

This paper deals with a neglected issue in historiography: the manner of naming people in the medieval multi-ethnic states on the example of Bulgari (Bulgarian), Bulgarini/ Bulgareis (Bulgarinians / Bulgareians, as well as with the practice of claiming rulers’ titles in the Middle Ages and with the name of Macedonians in medieval sources. The misinterpretation of legal state names (Bulgarian, Byzantine, Ottoman) as the race-related, ethnic designations of the Balkan peoples that were used until the creation of the modern nation-state is pointed out, as well the lack of studies on this issue.
PROPERTIES OF WATER-SOLUBLE POLYMERS AND THEIR POLYCOMPLEXES IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
Authors:   Yessenov University, Bussurmanova Akkenzhe
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The interaction of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes (sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC), methylcellulose (MC), polyethylenimine (PEI) and polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride (PDMDAAС), and unifloc (UF)) in an aqueous environment was studied using the methods of viscometry, spectrophotometry and macroelectrophoresis. It has been established that the interaction of these polyelectrolytes is accompanied by a significant decrease in reduced viscosity (up to 0.1-0.15 dl/g, which is typical for compacted macromolecules of globular proteins), an increase in optical density and an inversion of the sign of the electrokinetic potential. All this indicates the formation of interpolymer complexes from interacting cationic and anionic polyelectrolytes. Experimental results of studying the properties of water soluble polymers and their polyelectrolyte complexes in aqueous solutions at the water/air interface are described and discussed. It has been shown that complex formation in relatively simple systems is accompanied by changes in the pH of the medium, optical, hydrodynamic, electrochemical and other properties of macromolecules. In the systems we studied, the interaction of the system components is not accompanied by variations in the pH of the medium, therefore, information about the interaction of water-soluble polyelectrolytes in the systems we studied was obtained based on viscometric and spectrophotometric titration data, as well as from changes in the electrokinetic potential of macromolecules. The study of the electrokinetic potential showed that the formation of interpolymer complexes in the systems under consideration is accompanied by significant changes in the electrokinetic potential of macromolecules. A study of the properties of mixtures of aqueous solutions of Na-CMC, MC, UF with polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride and polyethylenimine indicates the formation of interpolyelectrolyte complexes that have a more compact structure than the original macromolecules. Key words: polyelectrolytes; flocculation; cross-linking; stability; interpolymer complexes; optical density; polymer.
CALCULATION OF STRUCTURES LYING ON AN ANISOTROPIC BASIS
Authors:   Yessenov University, DYUSSEMBAYEV I.N. , NIGMETOV M.Z. ,   Yessenov University, ZHAILHAN N.A. ,   Yessenov University
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The definition of the nucleus and the influence function of a transversally isotropic half-space is considered. Expressions of displacement and internal forces in an infinite base plate are obtained, taking into account their deepening into the rock mass, as well as the effect of the anisotropy of the base on the distribution of deflections and internal forces. The results obtained serve as a reference for the reconciliation of the results obtained by numerical and computer methods. This calculation algorithm allows us to estimate the bearing capacity of an anisotropic soil base. Keywords: foundation, soil base, anisotropic, displacement, base plate.
SUPPLEMENT • Building Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in the Ocean Sciences Autobiographical Sketches
Authors: Kappel Ellen
Published: December 2023

Welcome to the online supplement to the special issue of Oceanography magazine on Building Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in the Ocean Sciences. In this supplement, we present a series of one-page autobiographical sketches written by ocean scientists from diverse backgrounds. In these sketches we learn what the scientists do, the challenges they have faced, and what they find rewarding about their work. By including these personal journeys, the autobiographical sketches complement the many articles in the special issue that describe programs that focus on building diversity, equity, and inclusion in the ocean sciences and the lessons the leaders of those programs have learned as they have attempted to address structural and cultural obstacles encountered by underrepresented and marginalized scholars.
Experiences of the hospitalization process: perspective of people admitted to the medical clinic
Authors: de Moura Vitória , do Rosário Evelyn , de Prado Pilger Kelly Cristina , Thomann Beckert Richard Augusto , Martins Ost Kasey , Barros de Souza Jeane , Karoline Mafra Samantha
Published: December 2023

Introduction Nowadays, there is a population that doesn't take the time to look after their health due to their fast-paced routine. Consequently, they become susceptible to experiencing the process of hospitalization, where they give up their autonomy and are faced with countless reactions and feelings, thus needing an individual and humanized approach in order to recover quickly and effectively. Objective To understand what the hospitalization process is like from the perspective of people admitted to the medical clinic. Methods This is an exploratory study, with a qualitative approach, which integrates partial data from a matrix research project, based on the theoretical assumptions of Health Promotion. The manuscript was organized according to the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ). It was carried out with 15 people admitted to the medical clinic sector of a public hospital in southern Brazil. Data collection was carried out by the authors themselves using a semi-structured questionnaire, between September and October 2021. Thematic content analysis was used to organize and interpret the data. Results Two categories emerged: the first highlighted the experiences of the hospitalization process, although some participants feel safe and supported by the multi-professional team, others refer to the hospital environment as a place that is reminiscent of pain and suffering. The second category highlighted the feeling of homesickness during hospitalization, such as for spending time with family, friends, leisure activities and daily routines. Conclusion Experiencing the process of hospitalization triggers security, fragility and longing. It is important to have qualified professionals to provide effective and humanized care in the hospital environment.
ADICCIÓN AL INTERNET Y PENSAMIENTOS AUTOMÁTICOS EN ESTUDIANTES DE SECUNDARIA DE UNA INSTITUCIÓN PÚBLICA DE VILLA EL SALVADOR
Authors: Basauri D. Miguel
Published: December 2023

El objetivo fue determinar la relación entre la adicción al internet y los pensamientos automáticos en una muestra de 313 adolescentes de 12 a 18 años y de ambos sexos pertenecientes a una institución educativa pública de Villa El Salvador. Se utilizó el Test de Adicción al internet (TAI) de Young (1998) y el Inventario de pensamientos automáticos (IPA) de Ruiz y Lujan (1991). Se evidencia mayores puntuaciones de nivel moderado para la adición al internet y los pensamientos automáticos. Se encontró la existencia de relación altamente significativa de tendencia positiva y magnitud moderada entre la adicción al internet y los pensamientos automáticos (r= .673, p<.01), asimismo, existió correlación significativa (p < .01) entre la dimensión de tolerancia, uso excesivo, retirada y consecuencias negativas con los pensamientos automáticos.
PROPIEDADES PSICOMÉTRICAS DEL INVENTARIO DE EXPRESIÓN DE IRA ESTADO-RASGO EN ESTUDIANTES DE SECUNDARIA DE INSTITUCIONES EDUCATIVAS DE LIMA SUR
Authors: Crisóstomo O. Edson
Published: December 2023

Se propuso determinar las propiedades psicométricas del Inventario de expresión de la Ira Estado-Rasgo (STAXI-NA) en educandos de Lima Sur. Participaron 1032 adolescentes de instituciones educativas de Lima Sur. Según los datos hallados, en cuanto a confiabilidad se obtuvo un alfa de Cronbach igual a .833, en confiabilidad test re-test, se hallaron índices adecuados para todas los componentes: Ira estado (rho=.651); Ira rasgo (rho=.745); Expresión de Ira (rho=.648) y Control de Ira (rho=.667). En cuanto a la validez de contenido en la “V” de Aiken se obtuvo valores de 1.00 en todos los reactivos; así mismo, los índices de homogeneidad ítem-test oscilaron entre .201 a .524; para la validez concurrente se halló relación con el Inventario de Inteligencia Emocional de Ice Bar-On (ICE-NA) obteniéndose para Ira Estado (rho=-.244), Ira Rasgo (rho=-.276), Expresión de Ira (rho=-.178) y Control de Ira (rho=.464); finalmente en cuanto a la validez de constructo se identificaron 8 componentes que explican el 33.266% de la varianza explicada acumulada, se establecen baremos generales, además de los niveles, se concluyó que el instrumento es válido y confiable para aplicar en estudiantes de Lima Sur.
COMPROMISO ORGANIZACIONAL EN EMPRESAS MINERAS: UN ANÁLISIS TEÓRICO
Authors: Muñoz T. Karen
Published: December 2023

El compromiso organizacional es el vínculo que desarrolla el colaborador con su empresa, el cual posee influencia en su productividad y seguridad de continuidad en la organización; el presente factor es un elemento fundamental para el sector minero puesto que la continuidad y eficacia de su personal resultan ser elementos imprescindibles; es por ello que en el presente estudio realiza un análisis teórico de este término con la finalidad de obtener mayor conocimiento respecto al factor y los beneficios que este trate consigo, para ello se aborda los avances históricos del concepto compromiso organizacional, los conceptos y modelos teóricos que se manejan del término, las necesidades humanas que influyen en el compromiso organizacional, asimismo se hace una revisión de las investigaciones teóricas peruanas y los estudios empíricos que se tiene del compromiso organizacional en el sector minero.
EVITACIÓN EXPERIENCIAL Y RESPUESTAS RUMIATIVAS EN UNIVERSITARIOS DE LIMA METROPOLITANA
Authors: Guerrero T. Bryan
Published: December 2023

Se relacionó la evitación experiencial y respuestas rumiativas en en una muestra de 263 universitarios de Lima Metropolitana. Se emplearon el Cuestionario de Aceptación y Acción (AAQ-II) y La Escala de Respuestas Rumiativas (RRS). Se halló qe existe una correlación significativa, positiva y moderada alta entre evitación experiencial y las respuestas rumiativas (r=.833, p= .000). Asimismo, se identificaron correlaciones entre evitación experiencial y las dimisiones reproches (r=.786, p= .000) y reflexión (r=,828, p= .000). También se halló que el 39.5% de la muestra presenta un nivel medio de evitación experiencial y el 38.8% evidencia un nivel medio de respuesras rumiativas.
ANSIEDAD SOCIAL Y HABILIDADES SOCIALES EN ESTUDIANTES DE SECUNDARIA DE UNA INSTITUCIÓN EDUCATIVA DE VILLA EL SALVADOR, 2022
Authors: Villar F. Delfina
Published: December 2023

El objetivo del presente estudio fue encontrar la relación que existe entre ansiedad social y las habilidades sociales en estudiantes de una institución educativa. Para ello se evaluó a 397 estudiantes de 4to y 5to año de secundaria de ambos sexos, entre edades de 15 y 17 años procedentes del distrito de Villa El Salvador. Los instrumentos empleados fueron Escala de ansiedad social y la Escala de Habilidades Sociales de Elena Gismero (EHS). El tipo de investigación fue descriptivo-correlacional y el diseño no experimental. Los resultados indicaron la existencia de relación positiva y muy significativa (p < 0.01) entre el total de ansiedad social y el total de habilidades sociales (r= .710). Concluyendo que la ansiedad social interfiere de forma directa en las habilidades sociales que alcanzaron los estudiantes participantes de nivel secundario.
Percepções de médicos e pacientes da atenção primária sobre a telemedicina durante a pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Pereira Fellype Henrique Mendanha , Santos Carine Alves Nery
Published: December 2023

Introdução: A pandemia de COVID-19 impôs a necessidade urgente de reorganização por serviços de saúde por todo o planeta, incluindo o âmbito da atenção primária à saúde (APS). Nesse contexto, a telemedicina (TM) logo se mostrou estratégia fundamental para a manutenção da prestação de serviços essenciais em saúde. Entre os obstáculos à disseminação dessa modalidade de cuidado, encontra-se o fator humano. Objetivo: Nesse sentido, o presente estudo objetivou verificar as percepções de médicos e pacientes sobre a TM, no nível da APS, durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Realizou-se revisão integrativa de literatura, de publicações realizadas até 1º de abril de 2022, em três bases de dados (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, PubMed e Science Direct). Foram incluídos textos que contivessem “COVID-19”, “telemedicina” e “atenção primária à saúde” (ou seus correspondentes em inglês ou espanhol), simultaneamente, em seus respectivos títulos e/ou resumos. Submetidos à leitura de resumo e texto na íntegra, foram posteriormente excluídos aqueles repetidos; sem descrição de percepções; com foco restrito à doença ou especialidade; sem foco em APS, TM ou COVID-19; sem metodologia explicitada ou definida; e não encontrados, na íntegra, online. Publicações selecionadas, ao final, foram submetidas à análise e tiveram suas características sociodemográficas levantadas e temas emergentes divididos em categorias, com base no Primary Care Assessment Survey, e classificados em potenciais ou fragilidades em cada área. Não foi necessária aprovação pelo comitê de ética. Resultados: Treze trabalhos foram selecionados utilizando-se a metodologia descrita. Eles foram subdivididos em dois grupos, com base no enfoque das percepções encontradas (médicos ou pacientes). Foram obtidos textos de países das Américas (cinco estudos), Oriente Médio (quatro estudos), Europa (dois estudos) e Pacífico Ocidental (dois estudos). A telemedicina síncrona foi a modalidade mais citada, com telefone e vídeo como meios mais utilizados. Conclusões: A TM apresenta inúmeros potenciais de aplicação no nível da APS, especialmente no que concerne aos seus atributos essenciais de longitudinalidade e coordenação do cuidado. Pode, no entanto, agravar desafios já apresentados pelos sistemas de saúde; ao mesmo tempo que não substitui por completo o atendimento presencial. Deve ser considerada, assim, modalidade de atenção à saúde indivíduo e contexto-dependente.
Forced migration to Germany: Bordering practices and lived experiences. Introduction to the special issue
Authors: Barwick-Gross Christine , Börner Stefanie , Drewski Daniel , Milewski Nadja
Published: December 2023

The rapidly increasing numbers of refugees and asylum seekers in Europe since 2014 have given the topic of refugee migration heightened public and scholarly attention. Starting from the observation that the legal status and rights of refugees from Ukraine differ markedly from those from Syria and other Middle Eastern and North African countries, this special issue inquires about external and internal bordering processes, as well as the lived experiences of these different groups of refugees regarding processes of arriving and settling. While states have an obligation to grant asylum to persecuted persons, they have also engaged in more wide-reaching bordering practices, affecting external borders, exemplified through debates about NGO rescue missions at sea, as well as internal borders, as they appear, e.g., in the field of refugee accommodation. The lived experiences of arriving and settling are influenced by the legal status and rights accorded, but also by the gender composition of the refugee population. Ukrainian refugees are predominantly female, which impacts on transnational family arrangements and intentions to settle or to return. Lastly, this special issue seeks to contribute to the “affective turn” in the social sciences, highlighting how forced migration can be understood through the lens of emotions.
Search and rescue NGOs as a focal point in debates on the reception of refugees in the EU: Research essay on an Italian and German case study
Authors: Laube Lena , Ullrich Maria
Published: December 2023

After criticising a lack of rescue capacities and an increase in border deaths at the maritime EU external borders, search and rescue (SAR) NGOs have been sending out vessels since 2014. While the responsibility for SAR lies with the coastal states, we start from the assumption that these NGOs have now become part of the border regime. They pursue different activities to make the border regime, in their view, more humane and in line with European legal and moral obligations, and aim to mobilise a broader network supporting their activities. We observe a variety of actors – including churches, political actors, and civil society organisations – contributing to controversial public debates on their intervention. In our ZivDem project, we argue that various positions and conflicts around the reception of irregular migrants and refugees in Europe crystallise in the dissent on private SAR operations. In this research essay, we present a comparative research design to show how to analyse this dissent and how it plays out concretely in public debates in different member states. We focus – in a first approach – on recent events surrounding SAR NGOs and reactions in Italy and Germany to gain insights into the debates and reflect on emerging lines of conflict. Both national and transnational dimensions are taken into account. We conclude with the hypothesis that ultimately the debates are about different visions of European democracy.
Using the lens of emotions: Exploring Ukrainian refugee women’s anchoring processes in Berlin
Authors: Mozetič Katarina , Lebek Karolina , Ratzmann Nora
Published: December 2023

Drawing on a series of interviews with four Ukrainian refugee women in Berlin, this essay employs the lens of emotions to discern which integration opportunity structures shape their settlement, and how they do so. To capture the latter, we approach settlement as a process of anchoring. The prism of emotions enables us to grasp Ukrainian refugee women’s subjective and often contradictory orientations towards their settlement trajectories in Berlin, all while discerning how these are informed by social as well as policy- and place-related opportunity structures. The German implementation of the EU Temporary Protection Directive is relevant here, as well as familial relations. Though integration opportunity structures on the local, national and transnational levels all play into these refugees’ settlement, we observe that these structures do not either facilitate or hinder the refugees’ anchoring, but that anchoring processes are tightly interwoven with un-anchoring ones, and that both can change over time. This exploratory essay highlights both the non-instrumental role of familial relations in refugee settlement as well as the malleable, multi-layered, and multi-directional character of settlement processes.
The Effect of Ultrasonic Waves on Crude Oil Recovery
Authors: Tahmasebi-Boldaji Ramin
Published: December 2023

In recent years, ultrasonic technology has played an important role in the development of oil fields, which has improved oil recovery. Ultrasonic waves are a very suitable method for producing oil at a low cost and without environmental pollution. The reservoir is treated using high-power sonication, which affects the physical properties of the oil and thus improves the permeability, which increases the oil recovery. The ultrasonic technique is also used to reduce the damage of the formation in the areas near the well, and this reduces the penetration of mud and sediments. However, ultrasonic waves remove oil barriers to the well and improve oil recovery for a long time. In this chapter, recent developments and laboratory and field results of ultrasonic waves in improving oil recovery will be discussed, and it will be shown that these waves are highly efficient.
Perspective Chapter: Geothermics and Thermogenesis in Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Ali Yasir , Yousif Yasir
Published: December 2023

Studies on terrestrial heat flow, particularly in oil and gas reservoir systems, have gained substantial attention. While the traditional focus was on igneous and metamorphic activities, this chapter focuses on geothermics and thermogenesis in gas reservoirs, emphasizing the fundamental concepts of heat and temperature, subsurface conditions related to heat, and responses of reservoir materials to temperature changes. Geothermics, at its core, explores the source and destiny of terrestrial heat, with “geo-” denoting the Earth and “thermos” signifying heat. It is the study of heat transport and thermal conditions in the Earth’s interior. In practical terms, geothermics extends to the assessment of geothermal resources, examining heat distribution in the Earth’s outer layers and the potential for heat extraction. Moreover, this science has evolved into an applied field, with geothermal energy being a notable application that harnesses the Earth’s heat. In this context, “thermogenesis” encompasses all physical and chemical reactions in the reservoir, including gas generation, thermal gas cracking, and mineral alteration. In essence, this chapter delves into the intricate dynamics of heat and temperature within gas reservoirs, providing valuable insights into geothermics and thermogenesis, and their significance in the energy industry.
Alimentary System of Native Goat Breeds of Pakistan
Authors: Sikandar Arbab , Nasir Amar
Published: December 2023

Goat in Pakistan has been raised both for getting meat and milk with a total production of 748 tons of mutton and 965 tons of milk. In Pakistan, goat meat is the most preferred protein source among muttons. Goats possess a healthy alimentary canal and are mostly offered low-cost grazing land-grown roughage. A chain of tubular organs/tissues and allied glands are observed in the goat alimentary system. A healthy digestive system transforms the available nutrients after digestion and absorption into better growth performance. Only few reports available in literature focusing different local raising goat breeds, its feeding behavior, and the morphological structures of their guts. In this chapter, we tried to draw attention to the embryological development of the goat, the nutrition, and the gross/microscopic anatomy and physiology of gut, which is comprised of oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, and pancreas. The histology of the mucosal structures is focused for better understanding because this tunic is in contact with the ingested food particles and is playing a key role in the process of digestion and absorption. Furthermore, health and clinical issues that can occur with goat alimentary systems are also highlighted in this chapter.
Techniques for Compact Planar MIMO Antennas
Authors: Wang Yiying
Published: December 2023

MIMO Technology has promoted the developments of various antennas, then the planar antenna will be one of the main directions to satisfy the future compact requirement of the 5G+/6G communications. This chapter introduces different types of the planar antenna and summarizes the implicit compact techniques, where the related techniques like the diversity and the reconfigurable are not included owing to they are the inherent properties of the MIMO antennas. These antennas contain the patch antenna, slot antenna, dipole/monopole antenna, loop antenna, cavity antenna, Yagi-Uda antenna, fractal antenna, UWB antenna, PIFA etc., and their deformations to the specific purposes. On the contrary, the implicit compact techniques are not so explicit as the antenna configurations, but they are classified to be the close-spacing structure without decoupling, owing to the decoupling is not the necessary requirement of MIMO application, decoupling technique of spacing reduction, meandered line technique, multi-element method, co-radiator/co-location design, fractal antenna, and radiator-cutting antenna. Besides, the corresponding techniques for the compact design are also concluded, including the mode-cutting method, fractal technique, characteristic mode analysis, and the optimization algorithms.
Recent Advances in the mm-Wave Array for Mobile Phones
Authors: Wang Yan , Fan Xiaoxue
Published: December 2023

With the development of communication system to the mm-wave band, the antenna design in the mm-wave band for mobile phones encounters new requirements and challenges. The mm-wave characteristics of short wavelength, high free-space path loss, and easy-to-be-blocking usually require mm-wave antennas with high gain and beam-scanning capability. Also, considering the very limited space occupied by antennas in mobile phones and the massive production of consumer electronics, small size, low cost, multiband, multi-polarization, and wide beam steering becomes the main key point of mm-wave array performance. In addition, as a special situation of the mobile antenna, the analysis of effect of the human tissue on the antenna performance is also important. So, in this chapter, a comprehensive summary on the recent advances in the mm-wave array for mobile phones including single-band, dual-band, and reconfigurable design of broadside array, horizontal polarized, vertical polarized, and dual-polarized design of endfire array, co-design of mm-wave array with lower band antenna, and user influence are summarized.
RS-Based MIMO-NOMA Systems in Multicast Framework
Authors: Majidi Ivari Sareh , Reza Soleymani Mohammad , R. Shayan Yousef
Published: December 2023

This chapter presents a novel scheme that integrates the rate-splitting (RS) technique in Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) to improve performance and capacity in wireless communication systems under imperfect channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT) and in overloaded regimes. The proposed approach addresses a general and realistic scenario, incorporating both unicast and multicast users, aiming to increase system throughput through the optimization of precoding vectors and power allocation. A generic power allocation optimization technique is introduced, which can be employed for maximizing both the minimum-rate and sum-rate, focusing on the rate of the weakest user within each group per cluster. To tackle the non-convex nature of the problems, the proposed technique leverages the WMMSE-rate relationship and an alternating optimization (AO) algorithm, transforming the problem into a convex one. The chapter provides a comprehensive analysis of the proposed scheme, offering a tutorial background and presenting novel insights for an enhanced understanding.
Perspective Chapter: Advanced Process Control and Automation with Special Focus on Emerging Continuous Bioprocessing
Authors: Chemmalil Letha , Chumsae Chris , Li Gloria , Leone Anthony
Published: December 2023

Legacy batch processing carried out in pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical sectors is undergoing transformation to adopt the next generation continuous processing to produce safe and effective drugs with better efficiency and consistency at a reduced cost. To facilitate innovative continuous processing, enabled by an end-to-end process with a single uninterrupted production scenario, it is essential to generate real-time or near-real-time data using process analytical technology (PAT), which has been defined by the FDA as a system for designing, analyzing, and controlling manufacturing through timely measurements to ensure final product quality. Based on quality by design (QbD) principles, PAT-enabled data monitoring is essential for the timely control of critical process parameters (CPPs) and critical quality attributes (CQAs) to keep the process in a desired state of control to achieve a predefined product quality. Based on QbD philosophy, quality cannot be tested into products; it should be built-in or should be by design. Deployment of PAT tools for real-time monitoring is integral to align with the guiding principles of QbD-enabled workflow to enhance process and product understanding to administer a control strategy to keep the process within the design space. Aim of this chapter is to highlight the recent advancements in PAT tool-development to monitor and control CPPs and CQAs.
Nano-Fabrication Methods
Authors: Ebad-Sichani Saeedeh , Sharafi-Badr Paria , Hayati Payam , Jaafar Soltanian-Fard Mohammad
Published: December 2023

In the field of investigating nano-fabrication, it is not possible to reach a single and separate definition compared to macro-fabrication. Nano-fabrication can be defined as an assembly process to produce a one-dimensional, two-dimensional, or three-dimensional structure at the nanometer scale. The importance of recognizing and examining nanofabrication techniques considering the revolution that nanofabrication compounds have in molecular adsorption, catalysis, magnetism, luminescence, nonlinear optics, and molecular sensing, have been known because they provide the possibility of reproducible mass production in this field. In this chapter, to create a general understanding of nano-fabrication and the challenge of creating nanometer size reduction, we will review new tools and techniques for the production of nanostructures, which are divided into three major parts: thin film, lithography, and engraving.
Examining the Effect of Powder Factor Variability on Granite Productivity
Authors: Kareem Salati Luqman , Shola Adeyemo Moses
Published: December 2023

This research seeks to examine the effect of powder factor variability on granite productivity during its quarrying. Schmidt hammer was used for the in-situ determination of rock hardness. Uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) of in situ rock was estimated from the values obtained from Schmidt hammer rebound hardness test and its density determined from laboratory test. After preliminary field studies, ten (10) blasts with varied powder factors were studied and their overall effects on granite productivity examined. Three (3) rock samples were carefully collected from the quarrying site and subjected to laboratory analysis for UCS and bulk density tests. With spacing and burden kept between 1.7 m and 1.8 m and stemming height also varied between 1.5 m and 2 m, charge columns of between 4.5 m to 6.5 m were maintained, while number of holes drilled per blast was between 64 and 88. Results obtained from the test revealed that the average UCS of the granite samples was 80.67 MN/m2 while the average bulk density was 2465.67 kg/m3. Therefore, considering ten (10) blasts with varied powder factors of between 0.77 kg/m3 and 0.97 kg/m3, total volumes of rock of between 1109.76 m3 and 2280.96 m3 was produced. Hence, varied powder factors have been found to have varying effects on rock fragmentation sizes and by extension, granite productivity.
Mineralogical Properties of Moroccan Rif Bituminous Rocks
Authors: Khalihena Groune A.L.
Published: December 2023

Bituminous rocks, including oil shales, are sedimentary rocks. They include a group of rocks like shales, marls and carbonates. Containing 60–90% mineral matter and less organic matter. Five techniques namely, XRD, FRX, ICP/AES, MEB-EDX and FTIR analysis were used to characterize the the mineral material of Moroccan Rif bituminous rock. The results obtained by these methods showed that the dominant mineral phase in all samples is quartz (70.04–84.46 wt%). The TA sample contains high amounts of calcium oxide (CaO) and magnesium oxide (MgO), as well as a task amount of carbonates compared to the other samples. These quantities were confirmed by ICP/AES, MEB-EDX and ETIR. According the XRD analysis, the illite and the chlorite (clay minerals) and other mineral are existed in various proportions of low weight.
Josep Bayó Font, contractista de Gaudí
Authors: Bassegoda Nonell Juan
Published: December 2023

El gener de 1970 es va poder enregistrar, en un document excepcional, una conversa amb Josep Bayó i Font en què aquest explicava, fil per randa, com va bastir la Casa Batlló, la Pedrera i el Primer Misteri de Glòria del camí de la Santa Cova de Montserrat, i parlava dels industrials i els artesans que hi intervingueren. L'enregistrament es conserva a la Reial Càtedra Gaudí, raó per la qual sempre serà possible confirmar el que es publica en aquesta obra. Així es perfila un xic més la persona i l'entorn de Gaudí, que Josep Bayó tingué ocasió de conèixer, d'estimar i d'aprendre'n els arcans de la seva arquitectura rodigiosa.