bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DETECTION OF A SEISMIC SIGNAL BY A THREE-COMPONENT SEISMIC STATION AND DETERMINATION OF THE SEISMIC EVENT CENTER
Authors: Vakaliuk T. A. , Pilkevych I. A. , Hordiienko Y. O. , Loboda V. V. , Saliy A. O.
Published: February 2024

Context. The work is devoted on the development of theoretical foundations aimed at automating process of determining location at the seismic event center.

Objective. The purpose of the work is to develop a method for determining the center of a seismic event based on the use of the features of the angular characteristics of the constituent volume waves of a seismic signal obtained with the help of a threecomponent seismic station. The proposed method will reduce the time it takes to provide users with preliminary information about the fact of a seismic event and its parameters.

Method. The method of automatic detection focal point is based on features of orthogonality in the angular characteristics volume waves registered sample of three-component seismic recordings from a certain direction. Implementation of the proposed approaches makes it possible to reduce the processing time of the seismic record with appropriate reliability compared to processing in manual mode.An example application of the proposed method (algorithm) for processing a seismic signal in the Vrancea zone on 27.10.2004 with magnitude M=5.7 is considered.

Results. The proposed approach to processing the measured data of a separate seismic three-component seismic station using a polarization analysis device allows detecting the arrival of a seismic signal, identifying the main components of a seismic signal, and estimating the location of the epicenter of a seismic event.Experimental research on the use of the proposed algorithm for determining the location of the epicenter of a seismic event showed that the time of establishing an emergency event within the borders of Ukraine was reduced five times (from 15 to 3 minutes), and the detection error was 37 km.

Conclusions. The formed basis and proposed approach to detecting a seismic signal, identifying its components and determining a seismic event focal point based on results of processing a three-component seismic record are effective. Proposed method (algorithm) should be used to automate process of seismic signal detection by a three-component seismic station and to determine the seismic event center.
NEURAL ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS FOR TIME SERIES RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Androsov D. V.
Published: February 2024

Context. Neural Ordinary Differential Equations is a deep neural networks family that leverage numerical methods approaches for solving the problem of time series reconstruction, given small amount of unevenly distributed samples.

Objective. The goal of the following research is the synthesis of a deep neural network that is able to solve input signal reconstruction and time series extrapolation task.

Method. The proposed method exhibits the benefits of solving time series extrapolation task over forecasting one. A model that implements encoder-decoder architecture with differential equation solving in latent space, is proposed. The latter approach was proven to demonstrate outstanding performance in solving time series reconstruction task given a small percentage of noisy and uneven distributed input signals. The proposed Latent Ordinary Differential Equations Variational Autoencoder (LODE-VAE) model was benchmarked on synthetic non-stationary data with added white noise and randomly sampled with random intervals between each signal.

Results. The proposed method was implemented via deep neural network to solve time series extrapolation task.

Conclusions. The conducted experiments have confirmed that proposed model solves the given task effectively and is recommended to apply it to solving real-world problems that require reconstructing dynamics of non-stationary processes. The prospects for further research may include the process of computational optimization of proposed models, as well as conducting additional experiments involving different baselines, e. g. Generative Adversarial Networks or attention Networks.
ENSEMBLE OF ADAPTIVE PREDICTORS FOR MULTIVARIATE NONSTATIONARY SEQUENCES AND ITS ONLINE LEARNING
Authors: Bodyanskiy Ye. V. , Lipianina-Honcharenko Kh. V. , Sachenko A. O.
Published: February 2024

Context. In this research, we explore an ensemble of metamodels that utilizes multivariate signals to generate forecasts. The ensemble includes various traditional forecasting models such as multivariate regression, exponential smoothing, ARIMAX, as well as nonlinear structures based on artificial neural networks, ranging from simple feedforward networks to deep architectures like LSTM and transformers.

Objective. A goal of this research is to develop an effective method for combining forecasts from multiple models forming metamodels to create a unified forecast that surpasses the accuracy of individual models. We are aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed ensemble in the context of forecasting tasks with nonstationary signals.

Method. The proposed ensemble of metamodels employs the method of Lagrange multipliers to estimate the parameters of the metamodel. The Kuhn-Tucker system of equations is solved to obtain unbiased estimates using the least squares method. Additionally, we introduce a recurrent form of the least squares algorithm for adaptive processing of nonstationary signals.

Results. The evaluation of the proposed ensemble method is conducted on a dataset of time series. Metamodels formed by combining various individual models demonstrate improved forecast accuracy compared to individual models. The approach shows effectiveness in capturing nonstationary patterns and enhancing overall forecasting accuracy.

Conclusions. The ensemble of metamodels, which utilizes multivariate signals for forecast generation, offers a promising approach to achieve better forecasting accuracy. By combining diverse models, the ensemble exhibits robustness to nonstationarity and improves the reliability of forecasts.
REMOTE SENSING AND GEOSTATISTICS APPLIED TO NDVI, KC AND PRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS IN IRRIGATED CORN CROP
Authors: GIONGO PEDRO ROGERIO , SANTOS DARLENE DE MATOS , NEVES TALLITA MAIELLY GONÇALVES DE MOURA , COSTA ADRIANA RODOLFO DA , SILVA PATRICIA COSTA , TAVEIRA JOSÉ HENRIQUE DA SILVA
Published: February 2024

Remote sensing (SR) has contributed to digital agriculture, associated with the use of geostatistical techniques that allow data acquisition, analysis and decision making. In view of this, the objective of this work was to evaluate the spatial variability of soil physical attributes, NDVI and second crop corn productivity in the territory of Santa Helena de Goiás, and to estimate values of crop coefficient (KC) through the NDVI, and to evaluate the spatiality. Soil samples were collected in a georeferenced way using a regular grid. The images were from the Sentinel 2A satellite. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was calculated, the Kc values of the crop were estimated, using two methodologies Toureiro et al., (2017) and Kamble et al. (2013), and later the values were extracted through a regular GRID, with which the geostatistical analyzes and correlations with productivity were submitted. The NDVI showed an increase up to 69 days after planting, in addition to proving the spatial variability and spatial dependence. With the geostatistics it was possible to generate a map of the spatial distribution of productivity. The NDVI allowed to obtain the Kc corresponding to the different phases of cultivation, sensitive to the methodologies used. The Kc obtained presents a high response and potential to the management of irrigated corn..
Current Biological Knowledge, Applications, and Potential Use of the Desert Shaggy Mane Mushroom Podaxis pistillaris (Agaricomycetes): A Review
Authors: Ruvalcaba Lucía , Gutiérrez Aldo , Esqueda Martín
Published: February 2024

Podaxis pistillaris, an abundant gasteroid mushroom, has become an important biological element in arid and semiarid communities worldwide. This mushroom possesses cosmetic, edible, and medicinal attributes, playing a crucial role in communities in countries such as Australia, India, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and Mexico. Proximate studies highlight the nutritional richness of P. pistillaris, characterized by high protein content and essential bioelements such as K, P, and Mg. Furthermore, P. pistillaris is integral to the traditional medicine of indigenous communities in America, Asia, and Africa, where it is revered for its purported wound-healing, anti-inflammatory, and coagulant properties. In the case of Mexico, the Seri community uses and markets P. pistillaris in various forms, including ointments and, within the region, its spores. Chemical analysis of this species reveals notable compounds, including epicorazines A-C exhibiting antimicrobial properties, along with polysaccharides such as β-glucans, and a recently identified ergosterol derivative named podaxisterol. Despite its importance, the chemical characterization and assessment of the biological activity of its compounds have been largely understudied. Consequently, there are currently no wound-healing products on the market derived from fungi, as the majority originate from plant sources. This work aims to present the essential aspects of P. pistillaris's ethnobiological use, medicinal properties, bioactive compounds, and biotechnological applications. In addition, it underscores the overlooked status of P. pistillaris among fungi inhabiting arid areas, emphasizing its potential as a valuable subject for further research.
Improving the Regulation of the Carrying out of Public Functions and the Provision of Public Services in the Context of the Digitalization of Public Administration
Authors: Hasan Samer
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the issues of regulation of the carrying out of public functions and the provision of public services in the context of the digitalization of public administration and the identification of ways to improve it. The author substantiates the relevance and significance of the research topic. A brief description of the formation and development of the institution of administrative regulations in the Russian Federation is given, their tasks are indicated. The current problems and barriers that impede the development of the institution of regulation of carrying out of public functions and the provision of public services in the new digital reality and, accordingly, ensuring the required level of fulfillment of the social request for such services are clarified. As a corrective (improving) measure, it is proposed to develop a unified legislation (regulatory legal act) on administrative procedures, leveling the shortcomings of this institution, based on the principles of human-centricity and client-centricity (the concept of organization development to meet the interests and needs of the client), taking into account the interests of all population groups. It is concluded that by now there is a need to minimize the dependence of the rights of recipients of public services and the rational organization of electronic document management on the discretion of departments and their desire to ensure the integration of procedures for the provision of public services and the legal registration of private procedures, thereby confirming the relevant guarantees of the state in the specified single legislative act. It is clarified that all this will contribute to the improvement of the regulation of carrying out of public functions and the provision of public services, taking into account the trends and prospects for the digitalization of public administration in general, and, accordingly, the uniform digitalization (digitization) of administrative procedures in all areas where public administration is carried out.
Interests in the Constitutional Law of the People›s Republic of China and the Interests of Constitutional and Legal Regulation: An Estological Study
Authors: Yurkovskiy Alexey
Published: February 2024

The publication examines the trends in the development of the current constitutional law of the People’s Republic of China, the formation of the national mechanism of legal regulation and the mechanism of state power. In the course of the study, as a result of applying the latest author›s methodology and research technology (estological analysis of the mechanism of constitutional and legal regulation and the mechanism of state power), authentic documents (sources of law, acts of interpretation of law, acts of implementation and application of law) of the PRC were collected. At the same time, the regularities of the existence of the interests of constitutional law as a social phenomenon and the interests of constitutional and legal regulation in the People’s Republic of China, which are immanently connected with the formation and functioning of the mechanism of state power in the respective country, were subjected to knowledge. The relationship of constitutional values and anti-values, fixed in the matter of the constitutional law of the People›s Republic of China with each other, allows us to consider determining the interests of positive constitutional law, the legal features of the development of the political system of the People’s Republic of China, the mechanism of state power and the objective characteristic features of the mechanism and process of legal regulation in the state in question. When conducting an estological analysis, the presence of a phenomenology of the interests of constitutional legal and legal regulation, corresponding to the signs of positive law and the mechanism of state power, is revealed. Signs of positive law determine the specifics of legal regulation and determine the peculiarities of the functioning of the mechanism of state power of the PRC. The subjects and their interests, legalized in the constitutional law of the People’s Republic of China, individualize the specifics of the objective legal and administrative reality of the People’s Republic of China, defining its unique outlines and manifestations.
On the Issue of Allocating the Accompanying Powers of the Prosecutor to Supervise the Implementation of Laws
Authors: Karpysheva Yulia
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the rationale for the allocation of a new group of powers of the prosecutor to supervise the implementation of laws – accompanying powers. The expediency of defining such a group of powers is related to the instructions of the General Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation on the need for supervisory support by lower-rank prosecutors of certain types of activities. At the same time, the currently available powers of the prosecutor to supervise the implementation of laws do not allow the full implementation of such instructions due to the existence of a procedure for conducting a prosecutorial audit regulated by law. In order to regulate the activities of the prosecutor for supervisory support, as well as protect the rights of supervised bodies, organizations and other persons, it is proposed to introduce the concept of an accompanying inspection of the implementation of laws, defining its main features, purpose, subject and basis, which are supposed to be reflected in the decision to conduct an accompanying inspection. It also proposes the procedure and timing for such verification. The possibility of using other verification powers of the prosecutor to supervise the implementation of laws during the accompanying inspection was considered: the right to demand the submission of the necessary documents and materials or their copies, statistical and other information; the right to demand the allocation of specialists to clarify the issues that have arisen; the right, upon presentation of an official ID, to freely enter the territories and premises of supervised persons; the right to call officials and citizens for explanations about violations of laws; the right to demand that authorized control (supervisory) bodies carry out control (supervisory) measures. In addition, the correlation of the accompanying inspection and the inspection of the implementation of laws is presented.
The necessity of legislative determination of the possibility of applying prosecutorial response measures to violations identified during the accompanying inspection i s substantiated.
“Person of Interest” in Russian Criminal Proceedings
Authors: Mazyuk Roman
Published: February 2024

Used in the U.S. law enforcement system, the term “person of Interest” refers to a person who is the subject of a police investigation but who has not been recognized by an investigator as a suspect in a crime. The procedural significance of this category is that such person is analyzed with the use of legal and near-legal means (without explaining to him/her Miranda warnings) for the involvement in a committed or impending crime before a formal decision is made against him/her in order to involve him/her in a particular status in criminal proceedings. This phenomenon, characteristic of the Anglo-Saxon system of law, also takes place in Russian legal reality. In the domestic scientific literature, such person is proposed to be called “suspected”, “potential suspect”, “person of operational interest”, “person being investigated”. Analysis of the decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation allows us to establish that the figure of the suspect has long been known to the body of constitutional review, and in its practice the Court has repeatedly expressed itself about the possibility of such person involving a lawyer in the operational-search activities. Given that operational-search activities are used to form an evidence base for a significant number of criminal cases, an intensive convergence of criminal proceedings and operational-search activities should be noted. In this regard, it is necessary to introduce legislatively elements and guarantees of legal protection of the person from illegal and unreasonable operational prosecution into the structure of operational-search activities. The category “person of interest” should receive its official name and procedural status in Russian criminal operational and procedural law (which does not yet exist). As a result, the author proposes to complete the Law on the Conduct of Operational-search Activities with definitions of the concepts of “suspected” and “operational prosecution”, as well as entrench the list of rights of the suspected person with his/her participation in operational-search activities, primarily the right to use the services of a lawyer.
“Miranda Rights”: History of Their Establishment and Implementation in the Court Proceedings of the USA and the Russian Federation
Authors: Smolkova Iraida
Published: February 2024

The paper analyzes the legal institute of «privilege against self-incrimination» recognized as a fundamental principle of the Anglo-Saxon legal system, which is best manifested in the so-called «Miranda rights» formulated in the 1966 U.S. Supreme Court case Miranda v. Arizona, which became revolutionary and customary for criminal court proceedings in the USA. In their most general form, Miranda rights are procedural guarantees applied when a person is detained or taken into custody and interrogated. According to them, the detained or arrested person should, prior to questioning, be warned that they have the right to remain silent, anything they say can be used against them in court; they have the right to have a lawyer with them during questioning, if they cannot afford a lawyer, one will be appointed for them by the state before the questioning starts. «Miranda rights» have gone through a difficult path, and been a subject of criticism by both officials and representatives of the legal community, but have withstood the test of time, taken the place of a constitutional principle in the USA and have been adopted in many countries, including Russia. The Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation incorporated clauses on the right of the suspect and the accused not to testify against themselves and the opportunity for the defense attorney to participate in the criminal case from the actual moment of the suspect’s detention.
The Possibilities of Using GAP Analysis to Predict the Receipt of Customs Payments
Authors: Zavyalova Ekaterina
Published: February 2024

Modern realities pose difficult tasks for the state, the solution of which requires financial resources. Customs payments are one of the significant sources of revenue for the budget system of our country. In order to maintain a stable level of receipts of customs payments to the federal budget, customs authorities should use effective methods of assessing the current state of the customs environment in order to identify negative factors and eliminate them in a timely manner. One of these techniques is GAP analysis, which is widely used in strategic management. The purpose of the article is to interpret the GAP analysis methodology for the study of gaps in customs payments during the implementation of control activities of customs authorities. The article reveals the essence of the GAP analysis methodology, as well as describes its advantages. The main stages of GAP analysis of gaps in customs payments during the implementation of the control function by customs authorities are highlighted. The author identified the main causes of negative gaps in the receipt of customs payments; proposed measures to improve the control activities of customs authorities over the completeness and timeliness of customs payment’s receipt. In the course of the study, strategic directions for improving customs cooperation as a result of the application of the proposed measures were formulated.
Reforming the Tax on the Property of Individuals
Authors: Kasatkina Galina
Published: February 2024

The article examines the historical aspects of taxation of the property of individuals in the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation. The issues of determining the object of taxation and its assessment are considered. At all times, immovable property belongs to the object of taxation. This object is almost impossible to hide and evade tax. Property tax has always been calculated based on its value. The procedure for determining the value changed as well as the list of objects subject to tax. It is noted that the tax on the property of individuals has a great impact on the relationship between the tax payer and the state, when making any changes that increase the amount of payment, it is necessary to take into account the interests of not only the state, but also citizens who pay taxes. If there is an object of taxation, the payment of tax does not depend on the availability of the source of payment. The analysis of personal property tax receipts in the Russian Federation and the Irkutsk region was carried out. Based on the analysis, the conclusion is formulated that the tax on the property of individuals is not particularly important in the formation of municipal budget revenues at the present time. According to this tax, there is a large list of benefits that exempt from paying tax in full or reduce the amount of tax. When establishing the procedure for calculating taxes and tax benefits, it is proposed to take into account the location and destination of property owned by individuals.
Inequities in dietary intake and eating behaviours among adolescents in Canada
Authors: Patte Karen A. , Duncan Markus J. , Amores Angelica , Belita Emily , Kocsis Rita , Riazi Negin A. , Laxer Rachel , Leatherdale Scott T.
Published: February 2024

Objective

To provide contemporary evidence of how dietary intake and eating behaviours vary by social positions among adolescents.

Methods

We used survey data collected during the 2020–2021 school year from 52,138 students attending 133 secondary schools in Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, and Quebec, Canada. Multiple regression models tested whether self-reported indicators of dietary intake and eating behaviours differed by gender, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES).

Results

Females were more likely than males to skip breakfast, restrict eating, and consume fruit, vegetables, and fast food on more days. Gender-diverse/“prefer not to say” students were more likely to restrict eating than males and the least likely to consume breakfast and drink water daily, and fruits and vegetables regularly. Black and Latin American students were more likely to restrict eating and consume purchased snacks and fast food, and less likely to drink water daily than white and Asian adolescents. Daily breakfast consumption was most likely among Latin American students. Black students were the least likely to report eating breakfast daily and fruits and vegetables regularly. Lower SES was associated with lower odds of eating breakfast and drinking water daily and regular fruit and vegetable consumption, and higher odds of restrictive eating and purchased snack consumption. Fast food consumption had a u-shaped association with SES.

Conclusion

Results emphasize gender, racial/ethnic, and socioeconomic inequities in the diets and eating behaviours of adolescents. There is a critical need to address the structural factors contributing to inequities and prevent the consequences of dietary disparities.
Glass as a means of forming a unique artistic image in fine art, cinema and architecture
Authors: Nasybullina Renata , Ekimov Ivan
Published: February 2024

The article discusses the basic physical properties of glass and its possibilities of use as a means of creating an image in the fine arts, cinema and architecture. The indispensability of glass as a material in various fields has been revealed, especially in those where visual perception plays a special role. In cinematography, glass allows you to create a special frame composition on the screen and enhance the narrative of the script. In fine arts and architecture, it is used to transform the atmosphere and properties of space, create unique images, and regulate the degree of closeness and openness of space. The importance of glass as a tool for creating the most daring and unusual ideas, which influenced the development of fine arts, architecture and cinema, is revealed.
Historical settlement of Samara: preservation and development
Authors: Zhogoleva Anna
Published: February 2024

The problems of continuity of urban development of large historical cities at different stages of urbanization, as well as the reasons for preserving the historical urban structures of Samara during its history are considered and questions are raised about the relevance and possibility of their preservation and development.
Tratamiento de las manifestaciones articulares en fase crónica de la fiebre chikungunya
Authors: Castillo Ocampos Erika Belén , Perdomo Paredes Carlos Rubén , Roa Colman Amanda Gabriel , Silva Jara Ramón Abundio , Ortellado Garrido Bruno Marcelo , Grance Meza Myrian Monserratt , Cabrera Yudis Luz María , Acosta de Hetter María Eugenia , Aria Zayas Laura
Published: February 2024

La fiebre Chikungunya es causada por un arbovirus ARN perteneciente a la familia Togaviridae del género alphavirus, llamado “virus del chikungunya”, este virus tiene como vector el Aedes aegypti y el Aedes albopictus. En su fase aguda la enfermedad se manifiesta por fiebre, artritis o artralgias severas, mialgias, cefalea, fotofobia, linfadenopatías y brotes cutáneos, los síntomas pueden progresar a una fase subaguda hasta crónica, donde persisten las manifestaciones articulares y la fatiga. Se realizó una revisión sistemática en las bases de PubMed, Cochrane, Dovepress y SciELO, utilizando las palabras claves: chikungunya y chikunguña, cruzadas con las palabras: artritis crónica y tratamiento. Se incluyeron en el estudio un total de 16 artículos, 6 artículos de revisión, 4 artículos originales, 2 ensayos clínicos, 2 reportes de caso, 1 revisión sistemática y 1 carta al editor. Entre las opciones farmacológicas, el metotrexato es el fármaco más estudiado y compite con los efectos de los AINE. Como terapias no farmacológicas se encuentran la fisioterapia y la terapia física, utilizados como complementos a la terapia farmacológica. El uso de terapias caseras, incluso la homeopatía, también podrían agregarse, atendiendo principalmente el factor psíquico y cultural de los pacientes.
Current state and perspectives on the use of zirconium ceramic implants in traumatology and orthopaedics
Authors: Volokitina E. A. , Antropova I. P. , Timofeev K. A. , Trufanenko R. A.
Published: February 2024

Background Ceramic materials are currently in wide demand in various fields of medicine. Zirconium ceramics demonstrate exceptional mechanical properties and biocompatibility and do not cause cytotoxic effects or allergic reactions in surrounding tissues.

The objective was to present an analysis of current literature data on the use of zirconium ceramics as a bone replacement material in traumatology and orthopaedics.

Materials and methods The search for publications was conducted using the databases of Scopus, PubMed and the electronic scientific library eLIBRARY in the Russian and English languages using the keywords: bioceramics, bone, bone defect, zirconate, zirconium ceramics, bone tissue engineering, implant, scaffold, augment, biointegration, bioactivity. Depth of search for scientific papers was from 2000 to 2023.

Results and discussion Zirconium dioxide is the main ceramic bioinert material. The study presents the characteristics of ZrO2 as a bone replacement material and its comparison with titanium implants. Data are presented on various strategies for improving zirconium bioceramics: improving the surface of the material by physical and chemical methods, obtaining volumetric porosity, including using additive technologies, creating composite materials, and developing bioactive coatings. New methods of creating zirconium ceramics compatible with living tissues containing bioactive ions that promote both osseointegration and bone tissue regeneration have been actively studied.

Conclusions Zirconium dioxide ceramics appear to be a promising alternative to titanium implants in terms of mechanical strength, biological functionality, chemical stability, osseointegration, and antibacterial properties. Future experimental and clinical studies will further improve zirconium ceramics.
Mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes in bone defects treatment
Authors: Greben A. I. , Eremin P. S. , Kostromina E. Yu. , Markov P. A. , Gilmutdinova I. R.
Published: February 2024

Introduction Bone defect management is a critical stage of treatment and rehabilitation that still remains a challenging problem for traumatologists and orthopaedists. The need for tissue engineering techniques is due to limited abilities of the human body to correct bone tissue autoregeneration, especially in comorbid and elderly patients with osteoporosis. Bone autografts is a gold standard in those cases but is associated with certain restrictions. Regenerative medicine and stem cell biology development opened up capabilities to employ new methods for enhancement of bone tissue repair. A special interest of researchers is focused on mesenchymal stem cells and extracellular vesicles for bone tissue regeneration optimization.

Purpose of this review was to show mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes effeciency in bone defect treatment.

Materials and methods Open electronic databases of scientific literature, PubMed and e-Library, were used. The literature data search was carried out using the keywords: regenerative medicine, bone defects, exosomes, mesenchymal stem cells.

Results and discussion The review presents current ideas about mesenchymal stem cells, their microenvironment and exosomes influence on bone tissue repair. Clinical need in effective bone regeneration is still high. Mesenchymal stem cells and acellular regenerative treatments have shown good results in bone defects repair and are perspective directions. Productive use of mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes in bone defects treatment requires further study of their mechanisms of action, the regenerative techniques efficacy and safety evaluation in preclinical and clinical studies.

Conclusion The use of mesenchymal stem cells and cell-free regenerative approaches has demonstrated good results in the restoration of bone tissue defects and is a promising direction.
Failed distractional bone regeneration as a complication of distraction osteosynthesis: risk factors, preventive diagnosis, treatment
Authors: Novikov K. I. , Klintsov E. V. , Klimov O. V. , Sergeev K. S.
Published: February 2024

Introduction Despite the large number of articles on complications associated with surgical lengthening, information about such a complication of transosseous distraction osteosynthesis as failed bone regenerate (called hypoplastic in foreign literature) is extremely rare. There are no methods for predicting the restructuring of the regenerate and clinical recommendations for the management of patients at various stages of reconstruction of the distraction regenerate. This entails a long period of immobilization and severe complications.

The objective of the work was to define the notion of inadequate (“ischemic”/hypoplastic) bone regeneration and the problem of its formation as a complication during surgical limb lengthening

Material and methods The PubMed database and the eLIBRARY scientific electronic library were used to select sources for a systematic literature review. The sources published between 1997 and 2020 were selected

Results and discussion Ineffective distraction bone regenerate is a complication of surgical segment lengthening with the shape and/or structure of the newly formed bone preventing functional load on the segment. There is a general tendency with bone elongations being greater than 15-20 % to significantly reduce biomechanical properties of the distractional regenerate bone. Patients' age at surgical lengthening is not reported as a risk factor for distraction regenerate fractures and a history of adverse events and complications is regarded as an additional risk factor. Inadequate (unstable) distraction regenerate bone includes morphotypes III-V and structural types 1, 5, 7 as classified by Ru Li. There are no clinical guidelines for operational strategy. Failed distraction bone regeneration as a complication of distraction osteosynthesis was reported by different authors between 1997 and 2020. There are conflicting statistically unreliable data regarding a risk for regenerate bone to develop into a less stable type. The surgical options presented have no statistical significance (occasional case reports) and do not describe all possible clinical scenarios.

Conclusion The problem of failed distraction regeneration and impaired organotypic restructuring remains one of the most important problems in limb lengthening. Inadequate formation and restructuring of newly formed bone can be caused by many factors including anatomical, physiological and technological aspects that would require further comprehensive study.
Isometry as a predictor of osteosynthesis result in fractures of the posterior acetabulum
Authors: Galkin A. G. , Shavyrin D. A. , Voloshin V. P. , Oshkukov S. A. , Glazkov A. A. , Ustinov A. A.
Published: February 2024

Introduction More than 80% of injuries to the acetabulum involve its posterior parts or injuries associated with their destruction. Most poor outcomes of surgical treatment of acetabular fractures manifest themselves in the first 24 months. Surgeons consider accurate anatomical reduction of fragments to be the main predictor of good results. A number of researchers showed good results of its surgical treatment, including those with inaccurate reduction. Poor results also occur in patients with no risk factors and ideal reduction. Thus, inaccurate reduction does not always lead to poor results; the reasons for positive results have not been discussed.

Purpose To evaluate the effect of maintaining hip joint isometry in surgical approach on the outcome of reconstructive operations in the treatment of traumatic destruction of the posterior parts of the acetabulum.

Materials and methods From 2005 to 2021, surgeons from the Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute performed 120 reconstructive operations on 120 patients with fractures of the posterior structures of the acetabulum. Of these, 84 patients followed the recommended monitoring regimen, completed the Harris Questionnaire, and had radiographs taken within the specified time frame. From the 84 patients, two groups of 42 patients each were formed that differed in the method of treating the external rotators.

Results During two years of follow-up after reconstructive surgery on the acetabulum, clinical indications for hip replacement were identified or hip replacement was performed in 5 patients in the first group and in 25 patients in the second (11.9 and 59.5%, respectively).

Discussion Accurate reduction of fragments is considered to be the main condition for good results after reconstructive operations for fractures of the posterior part of the acetabulum.Maintaining the isometry in the joint, namely, cutting off and then reinserting external rotators while preserving the attachment sites and length of the muscles, can have a significant impact on the outcome of reconstructive operations for traumatic injuries of the posterior parts of the acetabulum due to maintaining isometry of the hip joint. It seems that the preservation of force vectors centering the femoral head in the acetabulum causes the growth of ossification that forms secondary congruence.

Conclusions Maintaining hip joint isometry in surgical treatment of fractures of the posterior acetabulum by changing the method of treating the external rotators provides significantly better clinical outcomes.
Mast Cell Activation Profile and TFH13 Detection Discriminate Food Anaphylaxis Versus Sensitization
Authors: Ollé l , García-García l , Ruano M , Bartra J , González-Navarro EA , Pérez M , Roca-Ferrer J , Pasca MI , Martín M , Muñoz-Cano R
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND The prevalence of food allergy (FA) has increased significantly, and the risk of developing anaphylaxis is unpredictable. Thus, discriminating between sensitized patients and those at risk of having a severe reaction is of utmost interest. OBJECTIVE To explore mast cell activation pattern and T follicular helper (TFH) 13 presence in sensitized and food anaphylaxis patients. METHODS Patients sensitized to Lipid transfer protein (LTP) were classified as anaphylaxis or sensitized depending on the symptoms elicited by LTP-containing food. CD34+-derived MCs from patients and controls were obtained, sensitized with pooled sera, and challenged with Pru p 3 (peach LTP). Degranulation, PGD2, and cytokine/chemokine release were measured. The TFH13 population was examined by flow cytometry in the peripheral blood of all groups. In parallel, LAD2 cells were activated similarly to patients’ MCs. RESULTS A distinguishable pattern of mast cell activation was found in anaphylaxis compared to sensitized patients. Robust degranulation, PGD2, and IL-8 and GM-CSF secretion were higher in anaphylaxis, whereas TFG- and CCL2 secretion increased in sensitized patients. Concomitantly, anaphylaxis patients had a larger TFH13 population. MC activation profile was dependent on the sera rather than the MC source. In agreement with that, LAD2 cells reproduce the same pattern as MCs from anaphylactic and sensitized patients. CONCLUSION The distinct profile of mast cell activation allows to discriminate between anaphylaxis and sensitized patients. Pooled sera may determine mast cell activation independently of mast cell origin. Besides, the presence of TFH13 cells in anaphylaxis patients points to an essential role of IgE affinity.
Plexiform schwannoma: A rare histological entity at a rare site
Authors: Akhtar Kafil , Kratee  , Mora Sumindra
Published: February 2024

Plexiform schwannoma is an uncommon Schwann cell tumor, characterized by its multinodular growth with a plexiform histological pattern. Plexiform schwannoma arises from the soft tissues around the head and neck region. Few cases are associated with neurofibromatosis type 2 or schwannomatosis. We present a rare case of this tumor in a 25-year-old man, who presented with a discrete movable, deep seated nodule, associated with pain and tenderness over the spinal region, across the seventh cervical vertebrae with chief complaints of dizziness and vertigo for the last one year.
Особенности строительства в условиях плотной городской застройки: проблемы и решения
Authors: Борецкий Д.С.
Published: February 2024

В данной статье рассматриваются актуальные вызовы, с которыми сталкиваются строительные проекты в условиях ограниченного пространства городской застройки, подробно анализируются проблемы, такие как ограниченные строительные участки, сохранение эксплуатационных характеристик существующих зданий и вопросы безопасности. В статье также представлены инновационные подходы и решения, направленные на оптимизацию процессов строительства в условиях плотной городской застройки. Акцент делается на важности комплексного подхода, учета экологических аспектов и взаимодействия со всеми стейкхолдерами для успешного реализации строительных проектов в урбанистической среде. Статья предоставляет ценные практические рекомендации и стратегии, которые могут служить основой для разработки эффективных городских строительных проектов.
Требования для оценки уровня качества архитектуры элитных жилых комплексов
Authors: Ким Д.Ф. , Мамедов С.Э.
Published: February 2024

В данной статье рассматривается проблема оценки качества строительства элитных жилых комплексов, рассмотрены существующие критерии и предложены новые дополнительные группы требований к оценке элитного жилого комплекса.
Особенности формирования типологии многоэтажных жилых комплексов города Астана
Authors: Корнилова А.А. , Садвакас Ж.М.
Published: February 2024

В статье представлен анализ существующих многоэтажных жилых комплексов и перспективы их развития. В процессе исследования выявлены основные факторы, условия и аспекты, влияющие на формирование многоэтажных жилых комплексов и их типологию.
Освещение рекреационных территорий как фактор благоустройства городской среды
Authors: Лавыгина О.Л. , Рагозин А.М.
Published: February 2024

Уличное освещение обуславливает степень комфортности городской среды, а также формирует систему благоустройства населенных мест. В рамках настоящего исследования представлены результаты измерений уровня освещенности на территории Грибоедовской рощи в г. Иркутске. Результаты показали, что уровень освещенности не соответствует нормам, предъявляемым к рекреационным территориям. Таким образом, доказана необходимость проведения мероприятий по реконструкции системы освещения.
Перспективы применения «зелѐных» технологий в архитектуре
Authors: Постовой А.А.
Published: February 2024

В статье приводится оценка современного состояния «зелѐных» технологий в архитектуре на примерах существующих зданий. Выделены перспективные области в сфере строительства для развития данного направления.
Использование слабых оснований в капитальном строительстве
Authors: Соколов Н.С.
Published: February 2024

Обеспечение надѐжности и долговечности оснований насыпей городских магистральных дорог является важной геотехнической задачей. Для обеспечения бесперебойного движения городского транспорта актуальны вопросы увеличения их несущей способности и устойчивости. Современная отрасль имеет различные технологии и материалы, которые могут решить эту геотехническую задачу. Для этого можно применить способы армирования грунтовой насыпи, усиления основания свайным полем железобетонными сваями, щебеночными сваями или комбинированные методы.
Программа карты мест распространения животных Байкала занесенных в красную книгу
Authors: Вильданов И.Р. , Ершов М.Г. , Табульдин Т.И.
Published: February 2024

Карта мест распространения животных Байкала занесенных в красную книгу отображает все места распространения краснокнижных животных и территорий закрытых для охоты, расположенные в пределах байкальской природной территории, позволяет соотнести ареал проживания краснокнижных животных с границами заказников, заповедников и национальных парков. Такая сверка поможет определить, совпадают ли места обитания животных с зонами их охраны.
Значение заповедывания как формы охраны природы сегодня
Authors: Иноземцева Д.Н. , Зарипова Л.А. , Хизбуллина Р.З.
Published: February 2024

В данной статье рассматриваются история создания системы заповедников мира, показывается значение заповедывания для охраны природы.
Технология воздействия электрогидравлических ударов при изготовлении буровых свай
Authors: Соколов Н.С.
Published: February 2024

Проблема повышения несущей способности основания фундаментов находится всегда под пристальным вниманием геотехников, проектировщиков и строителей. В связи с увеличением объемов капитального строительства на площадках с наличием в их основаниях инженерно-геологических элементов со слабыми физико-механическими характеристиками эта проблема приобретает еще большую актуальность. Кроме того при существенных нагрузках, передаваемых на такие основания использование традиционных технологий не всегда оправданно. Часто возникает настоятельная необходимость применения нестандартных способов усиления оснований. При усилении таких оснований с помощью традиционных свай последние могут получить негативное трение, существенно уменьшающее их несущую способность по грунту, достигающие иногда до нулевых значений. Это может привести к дополнительным осадкам возводимого и возведенных в зоне геотехнического влияния объектов. Использование буроинъекционных свай устраиваемых с использованием нестандартных физических процессов в большинстве случаях успешно решает многие сложные геотехнические проблемы.
Разновидности виртуальных географических карт и особенности их использования
Authors: Хайруллина А.А. , Гизатуллина Э.Р. , Адельмурзина И.Ф.
Published: February 2024

В наше время технологии имеют огромное значение во всех сферах жизни, и виртуальные географические карты стали неотъемлемой частью нашего существования, применяясь во множестве отраслей. В данной статье рассмотрены различные типы виртуальных географических карт и основные возможности их применения.
Непревзойденный талант и подчерк мастерства
Authors: Янова М.В.
Published: February 2024

В статье показаны результаты космических исследований современного состояния Каспийского моря учеными Института океанологии и ИКИ РАН, представлена монография по итогам анализа изображений, полученных с геостационарных спутников дистанционного зондирования Земли из космоса, сделаны ссылки на современную историографию естествознания, продемонстрирован опыт решения проблем ЭМС в приборных комплексах космических аппаратов, отслежено применение спутниковых данных для решения задач гидрометеорологического и океанологического обеспечения.