bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREFERENSI KONSUMEN TERHADAP DAGING DOMBA DI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Suryadi, Dadi , Rahayu Sri , Firmansyah Cecep , Kuswaryan Sondi
Published: March 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui preferensi konsumen terhadap daging domba. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survey. Lokasi penelitian di wilayah jalur wisata Bogor-Cianjur, dan Kota Bandung yang ditentukan secara purposive. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 109 responden, dengan model analisisUji Chochran Q Test, dan Multi Atribut Fishbein. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa : (a) Terdapat empat dari 18 atribut daging domba yang valid disepakati konsumen daging domba yaitu: keempukan daging, hargadaging, bagian potongan karkas, dan aroma, (b) konsumen lebih menyukai: daging domba empuk yang ditandai konsistensi kenyal jika ditekan dengan jari; harga daging yang layak sesuai dengan kualitas; bagian potongan karkas paha belakang dan depan; daging memiliki aroma khas dan tidak berbau busuk, (c) prioritas atribut yang dipertimbangkan dalam membeli daging domba dari tingkatan penting sampai sangat penting, yaitu : keempukan daging, harga daging, bagian potongan karkas, dan aroma daging, (d) Sikap konsumen daging domba sebagian besar ada pada kategori positif sampai sangat positif, dan sebagian kecil responden bersikap netral, tetapi responden tetap melakukan pembelian daging domba.
THE DIVERSITY OF AMPHIBIANS IN CAMPUS AREA OF SRIWIJAYA UNIVERSITY INDRALAYA, OGAN ILIR, SOUTH SUMATERA
Authors: Prasetyo Catur Yuono , Yustian Indra , Setiawan Doni
Published: March 2017

The study is diversity of amphibians in campus area of sriwijaya university indralaya, ogan ilir, south sumatra was aimed to determine the diversity of amphibian species present in this area. The research has been done in March until May 2015, in the campus of the Sriwijaya University, Indralaya. The method in this study is use the transect method by placing seventh transect line on line with the direction of cutting contour lines. Data collection techniques using the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) and Pit-Fall Trap method in combination with the Straight Line Method and Fence (Drift Fence). Results from this study recorded 11 species of amphibians from five families of the Anura. Average diversity index at Sriwijaya University Indralaya region is 1.70 which fall into the medium category. Keywords : Sriwijaya university, amphibians, transect,diversity
APPLICATION OF POINT-CENTERED QUARTER METHOD FOR MEASUREMENT THE BEACH CRAB (Ocypode spp) DENSITY
Authors: Marisa Hanifa
Published: March 2017

Point Quarter Method is a plant community structure measurement procedure. The technique is base on measurement of distance of four plants or trees in every  quarter  that is made by four space in the cross line sampling field studies. In forest sampling, point centered quarter methods is considered as the efficient, reliable and accurate data,  not only for mean distance and density, but for frequency and dominance of species. So it is important to try wether these method ould be applicated to animal, especially crab. These method was applicated for crab population in Padang Beach at December 22nd, 2014.  Ten points quartered were made and the distance of every Ocypode sp crab burrow was counted by ruler. Mean distance of crabs burrow gained by divided of total number of quarter (20) with  mean distance of every burrow to the point. Density per hectare is 10,000 m divided by quadratic of mean distance. Mean distance of burrow to points were counted and prediction of population per hectare could be found. In these case, mean distance was: 0.41 m and crab population  is :59,488.34 individu per hectare. Compared to other species , eg Scylla serrata, its population is bigger, eventhough the condition of beach is polluted and wastedKeywords: point centered quarter method, Ocypode sp, density
Diet composition, quality and overlap of sympatric American pronghorn and gemsbok
Authors: Cain James W. , Avery Mindi M. , Caldwell Colleen A. , Abbott Laurie B. , Holechek Jerry L.
Published: March 2017

Species with a long evolutionary history of sympatry often have mechanisms for resource partitioning that reduce competition. However, introduced non‐native ungulates often compete with native ungulates and competitive effects can be exacerbated in arid regions due to low primary productivity. Our objectives were to characterize diet composition, quality, and overlap between American pronghorn Antilocapra americana and introduced non‐native gemsbok Oryx gazella in southcentral New Mexico, USA. Severe drought occurred between 2010 and 2011, which allowed us to evaluate drought impacts on diet composition, quality, and overlap. Using feces collected from each species, we assessed diet composition and overlap with microhistological analysis and diet quality using fecal nitrogen (FN) and fecal 2,6‐diaminopimelic acid (FDAPA). Pronghorn diet was primarily composed of shrubs in the cool—dry season (64.5%) then shifted to forbs in the warm—dry (64.7%) and warm—wet (54.1%) seasons. Pronghorn diet also shifted to shrubs during drought (50.7%). Gemsbok diets were evenly distributed across forage types. Fifty‐three percent of the species of plants consumed by pronghorn and gemsbok were shared; diet overlap averaged 0.44 ± 0.06 (SE) and 0.49 ± 0.06 during the warm—dry seasons of 2010 and 2011, respectively. During drought, key forage species shared between pronghorn and gemsbok included yucca Yucca spp., prickly pear Opuntia spp., globemallow Sphaeralcea coccinea and horsenettle Solanum elaeagnifolium, comprising 50% of the pronghorn and 40% of the gemsbok diets. Fecal nitrogen and FDAPA decreased in pronghorn by 26% and 27% between the warm—dry season of 2010 (non‐drought) and the warm—dry season of 2011 (drought), respectively. Drought had little effect on dietary quality for gemsbok. Gemsbok can use forage with lower nutritional content giving them an advantage over pronghorn, particularly during drought periods. Pronghorn are more dependent upon precipitation, which may be important to consider in light of increasing drought frequency associated with climate change.
Museum, Furniture, Men: The Queer Ecology of I Am My Own Wife
Authors: McTighe Trish
Published: March 2017

Doug Wright’s I Am My Own Wife attempts to stage the life of a unique trans woman, Charlotte von Mahlsdorf, who lived through Nazi occupation and Communist-era Berlin, during which time she built and maintained a beloved collection of antiques. This article will suggest that Charlotte’s queerness might be found not only in her trans status but also in her remarkable relationship with the objects of her collection. Charlotte’s privileging of the objects in her life seems to disrupt ontological hierarchies at the same time as she disrupts gender categories. Object-oriented ontology – the radically non-anthropocentric shift made visible via Charlotte’s performance – manifests as a queer ecology in the play, one with implications for how we understand the ecological place of the human in the world.
The Effect of Combination of Quercetin And Glibenclamide on Myocardial Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) Expression In Type 2 Diabetic Rat
Authors: Hendrawati Asri , Akhmad Syaefudin Ali , Sadewa AH , Tasmini -
Published: March 2017

Background. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder syndrome that marked by hyperglycemia. The main macrovascular complication is heart failure due to diabetic cardiomyopathy. Hyperglycemia can increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation that induce cellular damage. Quercetin is an antioxidant that reduce hyperglycemia and ROS by modify the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf 2).Objective. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of combination of quercetin and glibenclamide on myocardial nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (nrf 2) expression in type 2 diabetic rat compared with no combination.Methods. The rats were divided randomly into nine groups (each group consisted of four rats). The control group consist of a normal group that received placebo, DM control groups that received placebo and glibenclamide and intervention groups received quercetin 5, 20 and 80 mg/kgbw/day and combination of quercetin with 5 mg/kgbw/day of glibenclamide orally for a period of four weeks. The expression of myocardial Nrf 2 was measured by immunohistochemistry. Data was analyzed by ANOVA and p<0.05 was considered as significant. Results. Twenty and 80 mg/kgbw/day of quercetin with or without combination with glibenclamide orally for a period of four weeks increase myocardial Nrf2 expression higher than placebo (p<0.05). Eighty mg/kgbw/day of quercetin increase myocardial Nrf2 expression higher than 5 and 20 mg/kgbw/day (p<0.05).Conclusion. From this study it can be suggested that there are significant different in expression level of myocardial Nrf2 of type 2 DM after a combination of quercetin and glibenclamide, quercetin alone, glibenclamide alone and placebo.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.16(2) 2017 p.302-306
Modeling the Development of Audiovisual Cue Integration in Speech Perception
Authors: Getz Laura , Nordeen Elke , Vrabic Sarah , Toscano Joseph
Published: March 2017

Adult speech perception is generally enhanced when information is provided from multiple modalities. In contrast, infants do not appear to benefit from combining auditory and visual speech information early in development. This is true despite the fact that both modalities are important to speech comprehension even at early stages of language acquisition. How then do listeners learn how to process auditory and visual information as part of a unified signal? In the auditory domain, statistical learning processes provide an excellent mechanism for acquiring phonological categories. Is this also true for the more complex problem of acquiring audiovisual correspondences, which require the learner to integrate information from multiple modalities? In this paper, we present simulations using Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) that learn cue weights and combine cues on the basis of their distributional statistics. First, we simulate the developmental process of acquiring phonological categories from auditory and visual cues, asking whether simple statistical learning approaches are sufficient for learning multi-modal representations. Second, we use this time course information to explain audiovisual speech perception in adult perceivers, including cases where auditory and visual input are mismatched. Overall, we find that domain-general statistical learning techniques allow us to model the developmental trajectory of audiovisual cue integration in speech, and in turn, allow us to better understand the mechanisms that give rise to unified percepts based on multiple cues.
The Influence of Conductive Nanodomain Walls on the Photovoltaic Effect of BiFeO3 Thin Films
Authors: Bai Zilong , Zhang Yan , Guo Huizhen , Jiang Anquan
Published: March 2017

Two Planar Pt electrodes with an inter-electrode distance of about 100 nm were fabricated at the surface of BiFeO3 thin films, which allow the manipulation of ferroelectric domain switching at nanoscale. This electrode configuration was pursued to study conductive domain-wall influence on the photovoltaic current in BiFeO3 thin films. Modulations of short-circuit photovoltaic current and hysteretic conductive switching behaviors were found in the above nanodevices, accompanied by the generation of the conductive domain walls connecting two gapped electrodes. Our technique provides a new method to configure ferroelectric domains, where the influence of the conductive domain walls on the photovoltaic effect is preeminent.
The Design of Temperature-Responsive Nanofiber Meshes for Cell Storage Applications
Authors: Maeda Tomohiro , Kim Young-Jin , Aoyagi Takao , Ebara Mitsuhiro
Published: March 2017

Here we report on the fabrication and characterization of temperature-responsive electrospun nanofiber meshes using N-isopropylacrylamide homopolymer (PNIPAAm). The effect of molecular weight on fiber formation and their thermoresponsive shrinking/dissolution behaviors were investigated. The PNIPAAm fiber meshes showed much faster temperature-dependent shrinking or dissolution than that of its corresponding film due to its unique fibrous structure. By utilizing these quick and dynamic shrinking/dissolution properties, we successfully demonstrated the temperature-modulated “on-off” capture/release systems for macroscopic or mesoscopic-scale objects. Finally, we explored the potential application of PNIPAAm meshes for cell storage.
5,9,11-Trihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-3-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)pyrano[2,3-a]xanthen-12(2H)-one from the Stem Bark of Calophyllum tetrapterum Miq.
Authors: Tjahjandarie Tjitjik , Saputri Ratih , Tanjung Mulyadi
Published: March 2017

A new pyranoxanthone namely 5,9,11-trihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-3-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)pyrano[2,3-a]xanthen-12(2H)-one (1) was isolated from the stem bark of Calophyllum tetrapterum Miq. The structure of compound 1 was determined by means of spectroscopic methods including UV, IR, HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR.
The Effect of Thickness of Resorbable Bacterial Cellulose Membrane on Guided Bone Regeneration
Authors: Lee You-Jin , An Sung-Jun , Bae Eun-Bin , Gwon Hui-Jeong , Park Jong-Seok , Jeong Sung , Jeon Young-Chan , Lee So-Hyoun , Lim Youn-Mook , Huh Jung-Bo
Published: March 2017

This study introduces the effect of the thickness of a bacterial cellulose membrane by comparing the bone regeneration effect on rat skulls when using a collagen membrane and different thicknesses of resorbable bacterial cellulose membranes for guided bone regeneration. Barrier membranes of 0.10 mm, 0.15 mm, and 0.20 mm in thickness were made using bacterial cellulose produced as microbial fermentation metabolites. Mechanical strength was investigated, and new bone formation was evaluated through animal experimental studies. Experimental animals were sacrificed after having 2 weeks and 8 weeks of recovery, and specimens were processed for histologic and histomorphometric analyses measuring the area of bone regeneration (%) using an image analysis program. In 2 weeks, bone-like materials and fibrous connective tissues were observed in histologic analysis. In 8 weeks, all experimental groups showed the arrangement of osteoblasts surrounding the supporting body on the margin and center of the bone defect region. However, the amount of new bone formation was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in bacterial cellulose membrane with 0.10 mm in thickness compared to the other experimental groups. Within the limitations of this study, a bacterial cellulose membrane with 0.10 mm thickness induced the most effective bone regeneration.
Nonradiative Relaxation Mechanisms of UV Excited Phenylalanine Residues: A Comparative Computational Study
Authors: Mališ Momir , Došlić Nađa
Published: March 2017

The present work is directed toward understanding the mechanisms of excited state deactivation in three neutral model peptides containing the phenylalanine residue. The excited state dynamics of theγL(g+)folded form of N-acetylphenylalaninylamide (NAPA B) and its amide-N-methylated derivative (NAPMA B) is reviewed and compared to the dynamics of the monohydrated structure of NAPA (NAPAH). The goal is to unravel how the environment, and in particular solvation, impacts the photodynamics of peptides. The systems are investigated using reaction path calculations and surface hopping nonadiabatic dynamics based on the coupled cluster doubles (CC2) method and time-dependent density functional theory. The work emphasizes the role that excitation transfer from the phenylππ*to amidenπ*state plays in the deactivation of the three systems and shows how the ease of out-of-plane distortions of the amide group determines the rate of population transfer between the two electronic states. The subsequent dynamics on thenπ*state is barrierless along several pathways and leads to fast deactivation to the ground electronic state.
GC-MS Metabolomic Analysis to Reveal the Metabolites and Biological Pathways Involved in the Developmental Stages and Tissue Response of Panax ginseng
Authors: Liu Jia , Liu Yang , Wang Yu , Abozeid Ann , Zu Yuan-Gang , Zhang Xiao-Ning , Tang Zhong-Hua
Published: March 2017

Ginsenosides, the major compounds present in ginseng, are known to have numerous physiological and pharmacological effects. The physiological processes, enzymes and genes involved in ginsenoside synthesis in P. ginseng have been well characterized. However, relatively little information is known about the dynamic metabolic changes that occur during ginsenoside accumulation in ginseng. To explore this topic, we isolated metabolites from different tissues at different growth stages, and identified and characterized them by using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that a total of 30, 16, 20, 36 and 31 metabolites were identified and involved in different developmental stages in leaf, stem, petiole, lateral root and main root, respectively. To investigate the contribution of tissue to the biosynthesis of ginsenosides, we examined the metabolic changes of leaf, stem, petiole, lateral root and main root during five development stages: 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-years. The score plots of partial least squares-discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) showed clear discrimination between growth stages and tissue samples. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis in the same tissue at different growth stages indicated profound biochemical changes in several pathways, including carbohydrate metabolism and pentose phosphate metabolism, in addition, the tissues displayed significant variations in amino acid metabolism, sugar metabolism and energy metabolism. These results should facilitate further dissection of the metabolic flux regulation of ginsenoside accumulation in different developmental stages or different tissues of ginseng.
Serum Amyloid A Production Is Triggered by Sleep Deprivation in Mice and Humans: Is That the Link between Sleep Loss and Associated Comorbidities?
Authors: De Oliveira Edson , Visniauskas Bruna , Tufik Sergio , Andersen Monica , Chagas Jair , Campa Ana
Published: March 2017

Serum amyloid A (SAA) was recently associated with metabolic endotoxemia, obesity and insulin resistance. Concurrently, insufficient sleep adversely affects metabolic health and is an independent predisposing factor for obesity and insulin resistance. In this study we investigated whether sleep loss modulates SAA production. The serum SAA concentration increased in C57BL/6 mice subjected to sleep restriction (SR) for 15 days or to paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) for 72 h. Sleep restriction also induced the upregulation of Saa1.1/Saa2.1 mRNA levels in the liver and Saa3 mRNA levels in adipose tissue. SAA levels returned to the basal range after 24 h in paradoxical sleep rebound (PSR). Metabolic endotoxemia was also a finding in SR. Increased plasma levels of SAA were also observed in healthy human volunteers subjected to two nights of total sleep deprivation (Total SD), returning to basal levels after one night of recovery. The observed increase in SAA levels may be part of the initial biochemical alterations caused by sleep deprivation, with potential to drive deleterious conditions such as metabolic endotoxemia and weight gain.
Epoxy-Based Shape-Memory Actuators Obtained via Dual-Curing of Off-Stoichiometric “Thiol–Epoxy” Mixtures
Authors: Belmonte Alberto , Russo Claudio , Ambrogi Veronica , Fernández-Francos Xavier , De la Flor Silvia
Published: March 2017

In this work, epoxy-based shape-memory actuators have been developed by taking advantage of the sequential dual-curing of off-stoichiometric “thiol–epoxy” systems. Bent-shaped designs for flexural actuation were obtained thanks to the easy processing of these materials in the intermediate stage (after the first curing process), and successfully fixed through the second curing process. The samples were programmed into a flat temporary-shape and the recovery-process was analyzed in unconstrained, partially-constrained and fully-constrained conditions using a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). Different “thiol–epoxy” systems and off-stoichiometric ratios were used to analyze the effect of the network structure on the actuation performance. The results evidenced the possibility to take advantage of the flexural recovery as a potential actuator, the operation of which can be modulated by changing the network structure and properties of the material. Under unconstrained-recovery conditions, faster and narrower recovery-processes (an average speed up to 80%/min) are attained by using materials with homogeneous network structure, while in partially- or fully-constrained conditions, a higher crosslinking density and the presence of crosslinks of higher functionality lead to a higher amount of energy released during the recovery-process, thus, increasing the work or the force released. Finally, an easy approach for the prediction of the work released by the shape-memory actuator has been proposed.
Monitoring of Wheat Growth Status and Mapping of Wheat Yield’s within-Field Spatial Variations Using Color Images Acquired from UAV-camera System
Authors: Du Mengmeng , Noguchi Noboru
Published: March 2017

Applications of remote sensing using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in agriculture has proved to be an effective and efficient way of obtaining field information. In this study, we validated the feasibility of utilizing multi-temporal color images acquired from a low altitude UAV-camera system to monitor real-time wheat growth status and to map within-field spatial variations of wheat yield for smallholder wheat growers, which could serve as references for site-specific operations. Firstly, eight orthomosaic images covering a small winter wheat field were generated to monitor wheat growth status from heading stage to ripening stage in Hokkaido, Japan. Multi-temporal orthomosaic images indicated straightforward sense of canopy color changes and spatial variations of tiller densities. Besides, the last two orthomosaic images taken from about two weeks prior to harvesting also notified the occurrence of lodging by visual inspection, which could be used to generate navigation maps guiding drivers or autonomous harvesting vehicles to adjust operation speed according to specific lodging situations for less harvesting loss. Subsequently orthomosaic images were geo-referenced so that further study on stepwise regression analysis among nine wheat yield samples and five color vegetation indices (CVI) could be conducted, which showed that wheat yield correlated with four accumulative CVIs of visible-band difference vegetation index (VDVI), normalized green-blue difference index (NGBDI), green-red ratio index (GRRI), and excess green vegetation index (ExG), with the coefficient of determination and RMSE as 0.94 and 0.02, respectively. The average value of sampled wheat yield was 8.6 t/ha. The regression model was also validated by using leave-one-out cross validation (LOOCV) method, of which root-mean-square error of predication (RMSEP) was 0.06. Finally, based on the stepwise regression model, a map of estimated wheat yield was generated, so that within-field spatial variations of wheat yield, which was usually seen as general information on soil fertility, water potential, tiller density, etc., could be better understood for applications of site-specific or variable-rate operations. Average yield of the studied field was also calculated according to the map of wheat yield as 7.2 t/ha.
Improvement of Certified Artisan Cheese Production through Systemic Analysis—Serra da Estrela PDO
Authors: Coelho Denis , Carrola Tiago , Couvinhas Ana
Published: March 2017

This research was aimed at improving the overall efficiency of the PDO (Protected Designation of Origin) Serra da Estrela cheese production process, a traditional food product with cultural significance. Mapping of the manufacturing and distribution processes was developed from systemic analysis using ethnographic techniques. Critical points were identified, leading to design work. Ergonomic risks in cheese making were detected during the process of chips cutting, fostering the emergence of musculoskeletal disorders of the wrist. A tool that better fitted the job was developed. The systemic analysis provided a relational link across the boundaries of distinct domains approached through the research, including microorganism contamination, ergonomics, energy efficiency, legislation and regulation policies, transportation challenges and economic viability. Based on an analysis that connected various disciplines, maintaining a holistic perspective, a development plan to tackle critical points identified in the system was created. The results ripple across the triple bottom line of sustainability, demonstrating how systemic analysis and design are at the service of improving sustainability. By unveiling and acting on critical points that pushed the system away from zero waste, the environment is conserved; the preservation of cultural heritage has social significance; and the efficiency gains obtained in production attend financial goals.
International Project Risk Management for Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) Construction: Featuring Comparative Analysis with Fossil and Gas Power Plants
Authors: Kim Min , Lee Ikhaeng , Jung Youngsoo
Published: March 2017

The concern of risk management has continuously increased in international construction projects. International projects have a high level of risk and complexity, which results in greater possibilities of cost overruns and schedule conflicts when compared with local projects. Therefore, the goal of risk management is to improve project performance by systematically identifying and assessing project risks, developing strategies to reduce or avoid risks and to maximize opportunities. However, there have been very limited studies in systemized risk management methods due to the unstructured nature of the risk items and knowledge, especially for nuclear power plant projects. In order to address this issue, this paper proposes a standardized risk management methodology for nuclear power plant (NPP) construction with a capability of comparing distinctive risk characteristics among fossil, gas, and nuclear power plants. The proposed methodology includes standard risk classifications and structured risk evaluation techniques in terms of likelihood, impact, and weightings for different types of power plants. It also defines risk packages and risk paths for effective manipulation in a structured manner. The proposed methodology, variables, and initial values were identified by an extensive literature review and expert interviews. Finally, a customizable prototype of risk management system in power-plant construction projects was proposed in order to examine the viability. Implications of this paper reveal that the nuclear power plant has much higher risks in all areas when compared with fossil and gas power plants. It was stressed, throughout this study, that the risk factors of nuclear power plant construction need to be continuously monitored and evaluated in order to explore sustainable nuclear power plants.
Cross-Regulation between Transposable Elements and Host DNA Replication
Authors: Zaratiegui Mikel
Published: March 2017

Transposable elements subvert host cellular functions to ensure their survival. Their interaction with the host DNA replication machinery indicates that selective pressures lead them to develop ancestral and convergent evolutionary adaptations aimed at conserved features of this fundamental process. These interactions can shape the co-evolution of the transposons and their hosts.
Virus-Bacteria Interactions: An Emerging Topic in Human Infection
Authors: Almand Erin A. , Moore Matthew D. , Jaykus Lee-Ann
Published: March 2017

Bacteria and viruses often occupy the same niches, however, interest in their potential collaboration in promoting wellness or disease states has only recently gained traction. While the interaction of some bacteria and viruses is well characterized (e.g., influenza virus), researchers are typically more interested in the location of the infection than the manner of cooperation. There are two overarching types of bacterial-virus disease causing interactions: direct interactions that in some way aid the viruses, and indirect interactions aiding bacteria. The virus-promoting direct interactions occur when the virus exploits a bacterial component to facilitate penetration into the host cell. Conversely, indirect interactions result in increased bacterial pathogenesis as a consequence of viral infection. Enteric viruses mainly utilize the direct pathway, while respiratory viruses largely affect bacteria in an indirect fashion. This review focuses on some key examples of how virus-bacteria interactions impact the infection process across the two organ systems, and provides evidence supporting this as an emerging theme in infectious disease.
Description de Prosopocera (Alphitopola) lambda n. sp du Gabon et captures intéressantes de quelques Prosopocerini, Thomson, 1868. (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Prosopocerini)
Authors: Delahaye Norbert , Sudre Jérôme , Téocchi Pierre
Published: March 2017

Description et illustration de Prosopocera (Alphitopola ) lambda, une nouvelle espèce de Coléoptère Cerambycidae du Gabon. Nous comparons cette nouvelle espèce avec le P. (Alphitopola ) imitans Breuning, 1936. Nous signalons par ailleurs quelques captures intéressantes de Prosopocerini de territoires où ils n'étaient pas encore signalés.
Plantes hôtes de quelques Cerambycinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) africains
Authors: Adlbauer Karl , Sudre Jérôme , Téocchi Pierre
Published: March 2017

This note aims mainly to point out the host plants for some Cerambycinae collected by one of us (Pierre Téocchi) in la Maboké (Central African Republic) and for some others data from the African continent.
Single cycle to failure in bending of three titanium polyaxial locking plates
Authors: Maria Martini Filippo , Bonardi Andrea , Lusetti Filippo , de Belesini Anna , Nicoletto Gianni , Eid Chadi
Published: March 2017

Objective: Evaluation of the bending properties in one direction of three titanium polyaxial locking plate systems.

Materials and methods: The Polyaxial Advanced Locking System (PAX®) straight plate (PAX SP), the PAX® reconstruction plate (PAX RP), and the VetLOX reconstruction plates (VetLOX) were evaluated individually and as constructs applied to a bone model simulating a fracture gap and compared using a two-way analysis of variance and Tukey posthoc analysis.

Results: The PAX SP had the highest values of bending stiffness, bending structural stiffness and bending strength. When tested as plates alone, the PAX RP and VetLOX showed no differences with regard to bending stiffness and bending structural stiffness, whilst the PAX RP had significantly higher strength. The PAX RP construct had significantly higher bending stiffness, bending structural stiffness and bending strength than the VetLOX construct.

Clinical relevance: The PAX RP and VetLOX reconstruction plates are much more likely to fail when used as bridging implants, thus adjunct support is needed. The lower bending strength of the VetLOX reconstruction plates suggests it should not be used in fractures under high loads.
Calculating free energies of organic molecules on insulating substrates
Authors: Gaberle Julian , Gao David Z , Shluger Alexander L
Published: March 2017

The challenges and limitations in calculating free energies and entropies of adsorption and interaction of organic molecules on an insulating substrate are discussed. The adhesion of 1,3,5-tri(4'-cyano-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)benzene (TCB) and 1,4-bis(4-cyanophenyl)-2,5-bis(decyloxy)benzene (CDB) molecules to step edges on the KCl(001) surface and the formation of molecular dimers were studied using classical molecular dynamics. Both molecules contain the same anchoring groups and benzene ring structures, yet differ in their flexibility. Therefore, the entropic contributions to their free energy differ, which affects surface processes. Using potential of mean force and thermodynamic integration techniques, free energy profiles and entropy changes were calculated for step adhesion and dimer formation of these molecules. However, converging these calculations is nontrivial and comes at large computational cost. We illustrate the difficulties as well as the possibilities of applying these methods towards understanding dynamic processes of organic molecules on insulating substrates.
The Composition of Comet C/2012 K1 (PanSTARRS) and the Distribution of Primary Volatile Abundances Among Comets
Authors: Roth Nathan X. , Gibb Erika L. , Bonev Boncho P. , DiSanti Michael A. , Mumma Michael J. , Villanueva Geronimo L. , Paganini Lucas
Published: March 2017

On 2014 May 22 and 24 we characterized the volatile composition of the dynamically new Oort cloud comet C/2012 K1 (PanSTARRS) using the long-slit, high resolution (λ/Δλ ≈ 25,000) near-infrared echelle spectrograph (NIRSPEC) at the 10 m Keck II telescope on Maunakea, Hawaii. We detected fluorescent emission from six primary volatiles (H2O, HCN, CH4, C2H6, CH3OH, and CO). Upper limits were derived for C2H2, NH3, and H2CO. We report rotational temperatures, production rates, and mixing ratios (relative to water). Compared with median abundance ratios for primary volatiles in other sampled Oort cloud comets, trace gas abundance ratios in C/2012 K1 (PanSTARRS) for CO and HCN are consistent, but CH3OH and C2H6 are enriched while H2CO, CH4, and possibly C2H2 are depleted. When placed in context with comets observed in the near-infrared to date, the data suggest a continuous distribution of abundances of some organic volatiles (HCN, C2H6, CH3OH, CH4) among the comet population. The level of “enrichment” or “depletion” in a given comet does not necessarily correlate across all molecules sampled, suggesting that chemical diversity among comets may be more complex than the simple organics-enriched, organics-normal, and organics-depleted framework.
The Nature of Turbulence in the LITTLE THINGS Dwarf Irregular Galaxies
Authors: Maier Erin , Elmegreen Bruce G. , Hunter Deidre A. , Chien Li-Hsin , Hollyday Gigja , Simpson Caroline E.
Published: March 2017

We present probability density functions and higher order (skewness and kurtosis) analyses of the galaxy-wide and spatially resolved distributions of H i column density in the LITTLE THINGS sample of dwarf irregular galaxies. This analysis follows that of Burkhart et al. for the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). About 60% of our sample have galaxy-wide values of kurtosis that are similar to that found for the SMC, with a range up to much higher values, and kurtosis increases with integrated star formation rate. Kurtosis and skewness were calculated for radial annuli and for a grid of 32 pixel × 32 pixel kernels across each galaxy. For most galaxies, kurtosis correlates with skewness. For about half of the galaxies, there is a trend of increasing kurtosis with radius. The range of kurtosis and skewness values is modeled by small variations in the Mach number close to the sonic limit and by conversion of H i to molecules at high column density. The maximum H i column densities decrease with increasing radius in a way that suggests molecules are forming in the weak-field limit, where H2 formation balances photodissociation in optically thin gas at the edges of clouds.
Time-resolved High Spectral Resolution Observation of 2MASSW J0746425+200032AB
Authors: Wang Ji , Prato Lisa , Mawet Dimitri
Published: March 2017

Many brown dwarfs (BDs) exhibit photometric variability at levels from tenths to tens of percents. The photometric variability is related to magnetic activity or patchy cloud coverage, characteristic of BDs near the L–T transition. Time-resolved spectral monitoring of BDs provides diagnostics of cloud distribution and condensate properties. However, current time-resolved spectral studies of BDs are limited to low spectral resolution (R ∼ 100) with the exception of the study of Luhman 16 AB at a resolution of 100,000 using the VLT+CRIRES. This work yielded the first map of BD surface inhomogeneity, highlighting the importance and unique contribution of high spectral resolution observations. Here, we report on the time-resolved high spectral resolution observations of a nearby BD binary, 2MASSW J0746425+200032AB. We find no coherent spectral variability that is modulated with rotation. Based on simulations, we conclude that the coverage of a single spot on 2MASSW J0746425+200032AB is smaller than 1% or 6.25% if spot contrast is 50% or 80% of its surrounding flux, respectively. Future high spectral resolution observations aided by adaptive optics systems can put tighter constraints on the spectral variability of 2MASSW J0746425+200032AB and other nearby BDs.
The Photodissociation of HCN and HNC: Effects on the HNC/HCN Abundance Ratio in the Interstellar Medium
Authors: Aguado Alfredo , Roncero Octavio , Zanchet Alexandre , Agúndez Marcelino , Cernicharo José
Published: March 2017

The impact of the photodissociation of HCN and HNC isomers is analyzed in different astrophysical environments. For this purpose, the individual photodissociation cross sections of HCN and HNC isomers have been calculated in the 7–13.6 eV photon energy range for a temperature of 10 K. These calculations are based on the ab initio calculation of three-dimensional adiabatic potential energy surfaces of the 21 lower electronic states. The cross sections are then obtained using a quantum wave packet calculation of the rotational transitions needed to simulate a rotational temperature of 10 K. The cross section calculated for HCN shows significant differences with respect to the experimental one, and this is attributed to the need to consider non-adiabatic transitions. Ratios between the photodissociation rates of HCN and HNC under different ultraviolet radiation fields have been computed by renormalizing the rates to the experimental value. It is found that HNC is photodissociated faster than HCN by a factor of 2.2 for the local interstellar radiation field and 9.2 for the solar radiation field, at 1 au. We conclude that to properly describe the HNC/HCN abundance ratio in astronomical environments illuminated by an intense ultraviolet radiation field, it is necessary to use different photodissociation rates for each of the two isomers, which are obtained by integrating the product of the photodissociation cross sections and ultraviolet radiation field over the relevant wavelength range.
La « personnalité antisociale », antithèse de la psychopathologie
Authors: Englebert Jérôme , Adam Christophe
Published: March 2017

L’article propose une réflexion critique et clinique sur la notion de « personnalité antisociale », largement usitée dans le domaine de la nosographie des troubles mentaux et des pratiques « psy- » au sein du système de justice pénale. Notre réflexion débutera par une généalogie du vocable dans différentes versions de la classification psychiatrique, depuis les années cinquante jusqu’aujourd’hui, et plus particulièrement celle faisant autorité du Manuel statistique et diagnostique des troubles mentaux (DSM). L’absence de raisonnement sociologique dans l’usage d’une notion impliquant pourtant la référence au « social » sera discutée ainsi que ses évolutions historiques. Ensuite, la démonstration de l’antithèse que cette notion constitue pour une perspective psychopathologique digne de ce nom – dynamique, compréhensive et phénoménologique – sera développée en six arguments majeurs et plurivoques, tantôt empiriques et cliniques, tantôt théoriques.
Police privée sur la ville : réflexions sur les discours policiers, le clientélisme et la « race » dans l’espace public
Authors: Grossi Élodie
Published: March 2017

Le quartier de Hyde Park à Chicago, fief d’une des plus importantes universités privées du pays, est le théâtre d’une situation inédite en matière de gestion de l’ordre public : les policiers privés du University of Chicago Police Department (UCPD) ont peu à peu supplanté leurs confrères du public suite à la signature de récents accords municipaux laissant aux policiers privés la possibilité de gérer activement le territoire à l’intérieur et à l’extérieur du campus. Le travail ethnographique exploratoire auprès des policiers du UCPD entrepris en 2013 et présenté dans cet article analyse les rapports entretenus par les agents du UCPD avec l’espace public et avec les populations sur le territoire, suite à l’extension de leur juridiction. Se pose la question de l’égalité de traitement des populations par les policiers, puisque ces derniers prennent en charge à la fois les membres de la communauté académique, majoritairement « blancs », et les non-affiliés à l’université, résidents du ghetto « afro-américain » alentour. Au fil des sessions d’observations participantes et des entretiens semi-directifs menés lors des patrouilles, on verra l’adaptation de pratiques policières dites « classiques » à la situation locale de Hyde Park, notamment à travers l’utilisation par les policiers à la fois d’un vocabulaire assorti de termes racialisés, mais aussi de jeux langagiers d’euphémisation et de substitution qui mobilisent les catégories locales et masquent la frontière « ethno-raciale ». Ce vocabulaire « écran » est utilisé pour distinguer les individus perçus comme des clients « légitimes » des utilisateurs « non légitimes » du service, et traduit toute la prégnance du racisme institutionnel invisibilisé sur le terrain.
L’offre informelle de la sécurité publique au Bénin : l’instrumentalisation des groupes d’autodéfense par l’État
Authors: Abou Moumouni Issifou
Published: March 2017

En dépit de leurs inestimables contributions dans la lutte contre les braqueurs, les Dambanga du Bénin sont en quête permanente de légitimité juridique et leur statut varie selon les segments de l’État. La présente étude interroge les stratégies quotidiennes développées par les Dambanga pour revendiquer leur reconnaissance légale dans le système sécuritaire au Bénin. Elle tente ainsi de dépasser les débats habituels relatifs aux relations entre le vigilantisme et l’État en intégrant les préoccupations liées aux stratégies des acteurs pour négocier leur reconnaissance officielle. Les résultats montrent que les acteurs étatiques adoptent des attitudes opportunistes consistant à accepter ou interdire ces groupes selon les circonstances.
Les néonaticides dans la presse française : 357 décès suspects de 1993 à 2012
Authors: Simmat-Durand Laurence , Vellut Natacha
Published: March 2017

Les néonaticides sont devenus rares rendant malaisée la collecte de données judiciaires. Une base de presse a été constituée sur vingt ans afin de tirer parti de la médiatisation de ces affaires, regroupant 357 décès suspects de nouveau-nés sur la période 1993-2012. Cinq résultats ont émergé de cette analyse. Les circonstances de la découverte de l’infraction sont essentielles tout au long de la procédure. Ces affaires sont fortement médiatisées et on assiste sur la période à une « fin » de l’anonymat et de la présomption d’innocence. Une constante historique toujours d’actualité est la non-mise en cause des pères. L’explication par le déni de grossesse s’amplifie autour de l’affaire Courjeault, pour ensuite s’estomper. Les explications de la mère et sa personnalité ont une influence déterminante sur la peine prononcée.
Oser le verbe aimer en éducation spécialisée
Authors: Gaberan Philippe
Published: March 2017

Il n’y a de relation éducative que de relation d’amour permettant au « je » d’un gamin dont la trajectoire de vie a été impactée par un événement ayant fait traumatisme de renouer avec lui-même. Pour cela se noue un dialogue entre le « possible » d’un gamin et le « disponible » d’un adulte, pressenti en qualité de référent de cœur parce que seul capable de voir et d’entendre par-delà ce que donne à voir et à entendre le symptôme.
Engagement affectif et posture professionnelle, une aventure humaine en Roumanie
Authors: Boulanger Sindy , de Cassan Aurélie
Published: March 2017

Comment se rencontrer quand tout semble absurde, violent et désespéré ? Comment faire face à nos représentations, à nos limites et à nos ambivalences pour créer du lien ? Cet article est l’histoire de rencontres. Celle d’un pays, la Roumanie, et son histoire douloureuse ; celles d’enfants, de mères et de professionnels victimes d’un système qui ne pense plus ; celle encore d’un outil précieux, fragile et bouleversant, l’investissement affectif. Mais peut-être avant tout une rencontre avec nous-mêmes, futures éducatrices de jeunes enfants, et notre désir d’engagement.
Amour et loi
Authors: Bongrain Marcelle
Published: March 2017

Pour la Convention internationale des droits de l’enfant ( cide ) et pour la loi, le mineur est une personne à protéger. En témoignent : l’intérêt de l’enfant, le droit à la parole, l’autorité parentale conjointe dans la rupture familiale. À l’adolescence, période où le jeune construit son identité, la loi reconnaît un droit à la maîtrise de son corps et de sa sexualité. La loi ne peut pas tout, certains outils peuvent aider : la médiation familiale, la formation des professionnels de l’enfance...
Le désir n’a pas d’âge même si le corps a ses limites
Authors: Le Gall Joëlle
Published: March 2017

La sexualité en Établissement d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes ( ehpad ), on en parle depuis plusieurs années, mais est-ce une fiction ou une réalité ? Comment est vécu le besoin d’aimer et d’être aimé par le résident, quel regard et quel accompagnement de la part de son entourage professionnel et familial ? Entre le prendre soin des professionnels, souvent enfermés eux-mêmes dans un protocole contraignant, le poids de la famille culpabilisée et en souffrance, qui vit avec la crainte que son parent ne lui appartienne plus, ou se situe pour « l’habitant » en ehpad la liberté de choix d’une vie intime, amoureuse ?
Affranchissement, une histoire d’amour
Authors: Benedetti Agnès
Published: March 2017

Récit d’une première rencontre initiant un travail de supervision en centre hospitalier psychiatrique, en unité pour patients psychotiques et autistes adultes. Le récit explore l’affection, au sens d’amour et de maladie, dans laquelle une équipe et un groupe de patients sont saisis, au cœur d’une pratique clinique quotidienne où la médiation fait défaut. L’amour dans le travail social est-il seulement aliénant et quelles sont les conditions d’un affranchissement ? Le texte cherche à faire vivre, par le travail du style littéraire, les remaniements pacificateurs induits par la mise en place du transfert.
Réflexions autour du lien entre les violences conjugales et l’occupation des espaces publics et privés
Authors: San Martin Zapatero Évangelina
Published: March 2017

Le lien entre les violences perpétrées dans la sphère publique et l’occupation des espaces est établi par certaines auteures. Qu’en est-il alors de la violence et de la peur qui se vit dans l’espace privé ? Quels sont leurs effets sur l’appropriation des espaces publics et privés ? Quelles sont les frontières territoriales érigées et qui marquent les espaces d’enfermement ? À partir d’un groupe de discussion, nous allons voir comment les violences conjugales réduisent les possibilités d’occupation et d’appropriation de l’espace public et privé, entraînant un processus de « de-sol-ation ». Cela constitue un élément à prendre en compte dans les modalités d’accompagnement.
Le « don » dans les actions de solidarité et le travail social : un rapport mortifère entre le sujet aidant et le sujet exclu ?
Authors: Delporte-Fontaine Olivier
Published: March 2017

Comment le sujet aidant peut-il servir le bien  ? Comment peut-il aider  ? Le sujet altruiste, qu’il soit bénévole, militant, religieux, politique ou travailleur social, aura tendance à acter une aide par ce que l’on nomme le don . Mais qui peut recevoir son don ? Le sujet exclu semble, pour lui, devenir alors le privilégié Autre à recevoir le don. Mais le sujet aidant, par son don, peut créer parfois, lui aussi, une mélancolisation du rapport social, un lieu du langage mortifère entre lui et le sujet exclu. Le don peut-il alors délier, annihiler ?