bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-Precision Positioning in GNSS-Challenged Environments: A LiDAR-Based Multi-Sensor Fusion Approach with 3D Digital Maps Registration
Authors: Abdelmoneem Eslam , Elhabiby Mohamed , Korenberg Michael , Noureldin Aboelmagd
Published: June 2023

This paper presents a multi-sensor positioning and navigation system that leverages cost-effective commercial-grade sensors for GNSS-challenging urban and indoor environments. The system fuses onboard motion sensor data with LiDAR point clouds registered to high-accuracy 3D digital maps to achieve sustained decimeter-level positioning. Key contributions include accurate LiDAR scans geo-referencing with motion compensation, efficient map-to-map registration, and an effective decentralized fusion. Real-world driving data from downtown Kingston, Ontario, Canada, and a high-accuracy 3D city geodatabase were used to examine the proposed methods’ performance and benefits. Results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed technique, achieving accurate positioning with an average RMSE of 20cm horizontally and 13cm vertically, and a sustainable positioning sub-meter level of positioning accuracy 100% of the time. The proposed method was also able to sustain high precision positioning in such GNSS-denied environments with position errors of less than 50cm for 96.8% of the time and less than 30cm for 91% of the time. The performance achieved demonstrates that the proposed system is a practical option for the positioning and navigation of self-driving cars and has the potential for cooperative mapping and updating 3D city maps.
3D CNN-based Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers for Accurate Phenotyping of Luminal A Breast Cancer in Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Fontes João Pedro , Centeno Raimundo João Nuno , Mendes Magalhães Luís Gonzaga , Guevara Lopez Miguel Angel
Published: June 2023

This study presents a novel approach for the diagnosis of luminal A breast cancer, a subtype characterized by positive hormone receptor expression and negative HER2 expression, using a 3D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based quantitative imaging biomarker (QIB) obtained from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). We employ a binary classification strategy to distinguish between luminal A and non-luminal A lesions by analyzing 3D volumetric MRI images. The proposed method allows the extraction and analysis of spatial information, which is essential for accurately diagnosing breast cancer, especially for the luminal A subtype, as it can present specific morphological characteristics. We aim to improve the diagnostic accuracy and efficacy of the ”luminal A” phenotype of breast cancer and contribute to developing personalized treatment plans for patients. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated using a public-domain breast cancer dataset (Duke-Breast-Cancer-MRI) and compared with traditional 2D CNNs approaches and other machine-learning techniques. In experimental settings, we achieved an AUC score of 0.9786 and an F1-score of 0.9502, representing a significant improvement level, regarding defined baseline approaches. Achieved results show the potential of this work to improve the diagnosis of breast cancer luminal A phenotype.
Inspection in high-mix and high-throughput handling with skeptical and incremental learning
Authors: Schimanek Robert , Bilge Pinar , Dietrich Franz
Published: June 2023

This preprint is based on an accepted paper for the Annals of Scientific Society for Assembly, Handling, and Industrial Robotics 2023, and may undergo further revisions before the final publication. This preprint presents a groundbreaking research study that focuses on the application of incremental learning processes to enhance high-throughput product inspection and minimize false labeling in industrial environments.

The paper tackles a critical challenge faced by industries today, which is the accurate identification and labeling of products during the inspection process. Traditional methods often fall short in maintaining high accuracy rates due to evolving production lines and ever-changing product variations. However, this preprint introduces an innovative approach that leverages incremental learning techniques to adapt and improve the inspection process continuously.

By employing incremental learning, the proposed system can autonomously learn from new data and make adjustments to its inspection algorithms in real-time. This adaptive capability allows the system to keep up with changing product characteristics, ensuring accurate and reliable labeling throughout high-throughput operations. The result is a significant reduction in false labeling, leading to enhanced quality control and improved efficiency in industrial environments.

We invite researchers, industry professionals, and enthusiasts in the field of assembly, handling, and industrial robotics to explore this preprint. The findings presented here have the potential to revolutionize the way product inspection is conducted in industrial settings, addressing a critical aspect of quality control. We encourage readers to engage in discussions, share feedback, and contribute to the advancement of this exciting research area.

Abstract: In the circular economy, remanufacturing success relies heavily on the accurate identification and classification of used products. Processes, which rely on worker experience, lack objective validation, leading to the potential for mislabeling and inaccurate damage assessment. This, in turn, results in additional manual evaluations and unproductive costs, which run counter to the principles of sustainability. To address these issues, machine learning and artificial intelligence have been applied with promising results. However, producing reliable large amounts of labeled data remains a challenge, as workers are susceptible to human error. This paper addresses process design in production. It proposes a new design to ensure that only valid labels enter the prediction models, reducing the potential for false labels in the dataset. Through this, the aim is to improve the accuracy and reliability of remanufacturing, ultimately reducing costs and mitigating the carbon footprint in the manufacturing, repair, and maintenance industries. 
AI for Anomaly Detection in IoT
Authors: Ma Maode , Harsh Piyush
Published: June 2023

The Internet of Things (IoT) is today’s rapidly growing technology that consists of a massive number of smart devices. The advent of IoT has brought about huge prospects of innovation and opportunities on the domestic as well as industry levels. However, there are vulnerabilities and weaknesses of IoT that inflame concerns about security and privacy issues. Enhancing the security of IoT networks is a critical issue and Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) become the forefront solution in safeguarding the network from different malicious attacks. In this work, we tackle the emerging anomaly detection problem in IoT using Artificial Intelligence, more precisely a deep learning scheme called Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The CSE-CIC-IDS 2018 dataset provided by the Canadian Institute of Cybersecurity was used for the experimental analysis. According to the study, the suggested approach outperforms the existing machine learning-based algorithms, with a low false alarm rate and better detection rate in the detection of attacks. 
Optimal Hub Placement and Deadlock-Free Routing for Payment Channel Network Scalability
Authors: Yang Lingxiao , Dong Xuewen , Gao Sheng , Qu Qiang , Zhang Xiaodong , Tian Wensheng , Shen Yulong
Published: June 2023

As a promising implementation model of payment channel network (PCN), payment channel hub (PCH) could achieve high throughput by providing stable off-chain transactions through powerful hubs. However, existing PCH schemes assume hubs preplaced in advance, not considering payment requests' distribution and may affect network scalability, especially network load balancing. In addition, current source routing protocols with PCH allow each sender to make routing decision on his/her own request, which may have a bad effect on performance scalability (e.g., deadlock) for not considering other senders' requests. This paper proposes a novel multi-PCHs solution with high scalability. First, we are the first to study the PCH placement problem and propose optimal/approximation solutions with load balancing for small-scale and large-scale scenarios, by trading off communication costs among participants and turning the original NP-hard problem into a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem solving by supermodular techniques. Then, on global network states and local directly connected clients' requests, a routing protocol is designed for each PCH with a dynamic adjustment strategy on request processing rates, enabling high-performance deadlock-free routing. Extensive experiments show that our work can effectively balance the network load, and improve the performance on throughput by 29.3% on average compared with state-of-the-arts. 
Design and analysis of Clock Domain Crossing using VC Spyglass tool
Authors: Rakshith Makam Manikya
Published: June 2023

Clock domain crossing (CDC) is a critical aspect of digital design where data is transferred between different clock domains in a synchronous system. It entails making sure that the data is appropriately synchronized and transported between the source and destination clock domains without any loss or errors. Modern digital systems that employ numerous clock domains to accommodate various modules or components operating at different frequencies place a high value on CDC. Potential timing problems such as setup and hold time violations, clock skew, and metastability pose difficulties for clock domain crossing. To overcome these difficulties and guarantee dependable data transport, appropriate synchronization techniques and design considerations are used, including the usage of synchronization components like flip-flops and synchronizers. This paper presents the advantage gained by using VC Spyglass tool for easier CDC analysis. CDC is crucial to maintain system functionality, performance, and reliability, and it requires careful design, verification, and analysis to mitigate potential issues and ensure the correct operation of complex digital systems.
Analysis of laser-amplifier noise: A review of the method and its application to optical communications
Authors: Kikuchi Kazuro
Published: June 2023

This study summarizes the theory of laser-amplifier noise based on the master equation, the quantum-mechanical Langevin equation, and the rate equation. The three approaches are used differently depending on the application. Laser-amplifier noise in the direct-detection receiver is described by the master equation. Meanwhile, the quantum-mechanical Langevin equation is most effective for analyzing noise appearing in coherent optical communication systems. The rate equation approach provides a clear understanding of the intensity-noise characteristics of laser oscillators, including the amplitude squeezing.
A Novel Skin Cancer Assisted Diagnosis Method based on Capsule Networks with CBAM
Authors: Lan Zhangli , Cai Songbai , Zhu Jiqiang , Xu Yuantong
Published: June 2023

HAM10000 consists of 10015 dermatoscopic images with a size of 450x600. There are seven types of skin lesions: actinic keratosis/intraepithelial carcinoma (AKIEC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC), benign keratosis (BKL), dermatofibroma (DF), melanoma (MEL), melanocytic nevi (NV), and vascular lesions (VASC).

Dataset：

https://www.kaggle.com/kmader/skin-cancer-mnist-ham10000

https://challenge.isic-archive.com/data/#2018

https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/DBW86T

https://aistudio.baidu.com/aistudio/datasetdetail/218024 (ours)
Extending Implications of Ambient-Latent Space Approach with Lagrange Multiplier Method
Authors: Yoon Jihyeon
Published: June 2023

Recent study approach with Ambient-Latent Space resembles a new possibility of simulating dynamics with more accuracy. This paper aims to suggest idea also by adding temporary dimension(like in case of SVM) in learning given dynamics by optimization in additional to the recent study.
Towards Real-time Network Intrusion Detection with Image-based Sequential Packets Representation
Authors: Ghadermazi Jalal , Shah Ankit , Bastian Nathaniel
Published: June 2023

This study proposes a novel artificial intelligence-enabled methodological framework for packet-based network intrusion detection system that effectively analyzes header and payload data and considers temporal connections among packets. The AI framework transforms sequential packets into a two-dimensional image, which is then passed through a convolutional neural network-based intrusion detector model. Experimental results using publicly available data sets demonstrate that the methodology can detect network attacks earlier than flow-based approaches. It also exhibits high transferability and shows promising resilience against adversarial examples.
Common-Mode Frequency of Power Systems Affected by Voltage Dynamics
Authors: Gao Huisheng , Xin Huanhai , Hu Guang , Cao Bin , Yuan Hui , Huang Linbin
Published: June 2023

The increasing penetration of converter-interfaced generators (CIGs) in power systems has posed great challenges in frequency stability analysis, as the frequency dynamics of CIGs may be strongly coupled with voltage dynamics. However, existing analytical models for system frequency generally cannot precisely account for the impact of voltage dynamics, leading to potentially incorrect results. The main challenge here is how to understand system frequency in the case of non-constant bus voltages, and how to integrate the voltage dynamics of devices at different bus locations into the system frequency model. To address this issue, this article defines the voltage-influenced common-mode frequency (VCMF), serving as a system frequency analysis model considering voltage dynamics. The VCMF is derived through the decomposition of bus frequency responses, leveraging the connection between the consistent part of bus frequencies and the rotational invariance of power flow. The decomposition process introduces voltage dynamics of devices into the system frequency response, represented as a global term that interconnects all devices through the power network. To address the complexity of this global term, an algebraic graph theory-based network partitioning method is introduced. This method effectively divides the globally coupled term into several locally coupled components, making the analysis of the VCMF more manageable. Finally, simulations are used to validate the proposed methods and confirm their validity.
Common-Mode Frequency of Power Systems Affected by Voltage Dynamics
Authors: Gao Huisheng , Xin Huanhai , Hu Guang , Cao Bin , Yuan Hui , Huang Linbin
Published: June 2023

The high penetration of converter-interfaced generation (CIGs) in power systems has raised concerns regarding the risk of frequency collapse. However, most existing theoretical analysis methods for system frequency assume constant bus voltages, which can lead to inaccurate results and potentially incorrect conclusions. The main challenge lies in the absence of analytical models that consider voltage dynamics when representing the system-level frequency. To address this issue, this article defines the voltage-influenced common-mode frequency (VCMF), which captures the dynamics of the system frequency in the scenario of non-constant bus voltages. The derivation process is implicitly based on the strong relationship between the consistent part of the bus frequencies (i.e., system frequency) and the rotational invariance of power flow. The expression of VCMF demonstrates that non-constant voltages affect the system frequency through a global term that involves the dynamics of all the devices, making its analysis challenging. Therefore, a network partitioning method based on the algebraic graph theory is proposed, which effectively divides the globally coupling term into several locally coupling terms, enabling a more tractable analysis of VCMF. Finally, simulations are used to validate the proposed method and confirm its validity. 
Quantum Enhanced Time Synchronisation for Communication Network
Authors: Nande Swaraj Shekhar
Published: June 2023

It is essential to establish precise times in future communication networks. Any real-time task's function depends on the system's ability to synchronise time. Time synchronisation is critical in the current communication network and must be maintained to transmit data packets. The functionality of 6G, the Tactile Internet, Time-Sensitive Networking, and ultra-reliable low-latency communications is highly susceptible to time synchronisation. We investigated the idea of employing time synchronisation across different communication network nodes. The current state-of-the-art employs network protocols like Precision-Time Protocol for synchronising clocks across different nodes. These network protocols are not robust and can generate jitters in data transmission. In this paper, we suggested synchronising the time of the node clocks at three different places using quantum technology. Notably, the oscillation frequencies of each qubit (or oscillator) located at these nodes can be synchronised using the quantum synchronisation technique. This set of three oscillators will work as a single clock and will be the master clock of the network. We propose distributing precise time and frequency standards using quantum synchronisation on node clocks. We can synchronise the three qubits (each placed at one node) to oscillate at an identical frequency by applying an external field of a wavelength of $813.32$ nm. We analysed our model for different coupling constants and dissipation rates to provide an analysis of the behaviour of the amount of synchronisation in different experimental configurations. The optimal accuracy for our system is $1.6 \times 10^{15}$ signals per second. Further, we used the Allan deviation to examine the stability of our system for various noise strengths.
Prompt Sapper: LLM-Empowered Software Engineering Infrastructure for AI-Native Services
Authors: Xing Zhenchang , Huang Qing , Cheng Yu , Zhu Liming , Qinghua Lu, , Xiwei Xu,
Published: June 2023

Foundation models, such as GPT-4, DALL-E have brought unprecedented AI "operating system" effect and new forms of human-AI interaction, sparking a wave of innovation in AI-native services, where natural language prompts serve as executable "code" directly (prompt as executable code), eliminating the need for programming language as an intermediary and opening up the door to personal AI. Prompt Sapper has emerged in response, committed to support the development of AI-native services by AI chain engineering. It creates a large language model (LLM) empowered software engineering infrastructure for authoring AI chains through human-AI collaborative intelligence, unleashing the AI innovation potential of every individual, and forging a future where everyone can be a master of AI innovation. This article will introduce the R\&D motivation behind Prompt Sapper, along with its corresponding AI chain engineering methodology and technical practices. 
Securing Private 5G Campus Networks: Abstract Survey on Current Status, Security Threats, and Research Landscape
Authors: Djuitcheu Hubert , mallikarjun Sachinkumar bavikatti , Habibi Mohammad Asif , kuruvatti nandish , Schotten Hans Dieter
Published: June 2023

The fifth-generation (5G) New Radio (NR) promises communication services with high reliability, extremely low latency, high capacity, lower complexity, longer battery-life devices, and high user density in order to support the most well-known use cases of latency-aware Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communications (URLLC), unlimited-things-centric Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC), and bandwidth-devouring enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB). To facilitate the exploitation and implementation of this new radio access technology, the so-called private 5G campus networks are expected to become widely used, utilizing multiple access techniques, frequency bands, and the entire underlying wireless infrastructure of public networks for private businesses, vertical industries, and manufacturing. The primary purpose of this type of communication network is to enable businesses, vertical industries, service sectors, universities, and even individuals to take advantage of 5G tailored to their specific activities or to develop their own local networks. Thus, the different advantages of such a technological revolution can be separately exploited by various stakeholders, and at the same time, the scientific community will be able to easily participate in its research and development aimed at addressing its shortcomings. Taking into account both the business and technical benefits, the grand objective of this study is to provide an overview of the security aspects of the private 5G campus networks. To that end, we first focus on the characterization of private 5G campus networks and discuss some background on a number of industrial applications that these types of networks can support. Then, we identify their different security flaws and potential origins. Finally, we highlight several research challenges that need to be addressed.
Efficient Automation of Memory Model Development Workflow: Streamlining the Design and Optimization Process
Authors: Sinha Tanmay , Raju Dr. M Govinda
Published: June 2023

In this paper, a new workflow of memory model front-end verification is explained with parallel execution of steps needed in between. This new flow involves the usage of multiprocess that are run parallely instead of sequential running which reduces the enormous amount of time required for the verification. Apart from this, the paper explains about the steps taken to enhance the modularity in order to enhance the readability of the script and utilizing it to get maximum output and efficiency. It is observed that the new design reduces the CPU time by 76% which is quite a lot for the verification point of view. Further, comparative study is performed for coverage report of unused test cases of the memory model thereby handling the negative test cases and it is concluded that all the positive and negative test cases are handled successfully in this new design workflow. Apart from this, variations in different versions is also tabulated with tradeoffs.
DIFL:Multi-Source Domain Adaptation for Point Clouds Using Domain-Invariant-Feature-Learning
Authors: Firkat Eksan , Huang Yucheng , Zhu Bin , Mijit Tayir , Zhu Jihong , Hamdulla Askar
Published: June 2023

Point clouds serve as a vital component in computer vision and robotics, enabling the representation and processing of three-dimensional data. However, their utility is often limited by significant variations in data across domains, impeding the transfer of knowledge between different scenarios. Beside, the existing approaches implement domain adaptation on Point clouds only with single source domain setting. To address this issue, we conduct the first investigation of multi-source domain adaptation for point clouds using the Domain-Invariant-Feature-Learning (DIFL) method. Our approach tackles data variability between domains by integrating multi-domain contrastive learning and pseudo-label guided fine-tuning, yielding a domain-invariant feature representation. Multi-domain contrastive learning maximizes agreement among multiple source point clouds in an invariant feature space, promoting invariance between source and target features. Additionally, pseudo-label guided fine-tuning maximizes the discrepancy by further aligning the pseudo-centroids of each class between the source and target domains. Our experiments demonstrate the superior performance of the DIFL method compared to existing techniques, signifying a significant advancement in the field of multi-source domain adaptation for point clouds.
Introduction: Hear From Our New Editor
Authors: Meyer-Lee Elaine
Published: June 2023

I would like to welcome all readers to the April 2023 issue of Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad. While this is technically my first issue as Editor, all credit for the excellent content in it goes to the previous editor, Dr. Audrey Murrell, as well as to the ongoing Managing Editor Dr. Amelia Dietrich and our Editorial Assistant Anas Almassri. I am delighted to be onboard as of January and to be working now on the November issue.
ATTITUDE TOWARD ENGLISH, COMMUNICATION APPREHENSION AND SPEAKING COMPETENCE OF JUNIORS IN THE PHILIPPINES
Authors: Camerino, Glorielyn R. Lucas  , Lucas, Jorgelindo R
Published: June 2023

This study was designed to determine the attitude toward English, communication apprehension and speaking competence of juniors at Saint Louis School in the Philippnes, and to recommend necessary interventions to enhance the attitude toward English and speaking competence and minimize communication apprehension of the aforementioned subject.
Evaluasi Kinerja dan Jumlah Armada Angkutan Umum Pada Terminal Ubung Denpasar Utara Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Dwi Wahyu Hidayat  , Pamungkas Tri Hayatining
Published: June 2023

Tujuan utama TEMAN BUS adalah untuk menawarkan transportasi yang terjangkau, sederhana, dapat diandalkan, dan nyaman kepada semua orang di masyarakat Indonesia. Untuk mencapai hal ini, TEMAN BUS mematuhi persyaratan minimal yang ditetapkan oleh pemerintah. Wilayah SARBAGITA Bali, yang meliputi Denpasar, Badung, Gianyar, dan Tabanan, mendapat manfaat dari sistem Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) yang membuat perjalanan lebih mudah. Data primer dan sekunder yang dikumpulkan dari lapangan digunakan dalam penyelidikan ini. Data primer meliputi survei penumpang untuk embarkasi dan debarkasi, jarak yang ditempuh oleh masing-masing moda transportasi, dan jumlah moda transportasi umum yang diperiksa. Data sekunder meliputi peta rute angkutan penumpang di Terminal Ubung Koridor 3. Faktor beban, kecepatan, frekuensi, dan headway digunakan untuk menghasilkan metrik kinerja untuk setiap moda transportasi. Load Faktor pada rute Terminal Ubung-Matahari Terbit tetap di bawah rata-rata, menurut hasil evaluasi moda transportasi umum, Bus Trans Metro Dewata. Sementara Headway melebihi kisaran optimal 10-15 menit, Frekuensi Rata-rata juga kurang dari tingkat yang diperlukan. Frekuensi rata-rata 4-6 kendaraan rute Terminal Ubung-Matahari Terbit dan rute angkutan umum Bus Trans Metro Dewata yang diamanatkan kecepatan maksimum 20 km/jam tidak terpenuhi.
Analisis Profil Muka Air Pada Saluran Drainase di Jalan Kunti II Seminyak Kecamatan Kuta Kabupaten Badung
Authors: Suryatmaja Ida Bagus , Ritaka Wangsa Anak Agung Ratu , Purnayasa Wijaya I Made
Published: June 2023

Sistem drainase berfungsi untuk mengalirkan air dari satu tempat ke tempat lainnya untuk mencegah terjadinya genangan air yang dapat menyebabkan banjir atau merusak infrastruktur. Biasanya, sistem ini terdiri dari berbagai jenis saluran dan ditemukan di daerah perkotaan karena tanah yang padat dan permukaan yang keras. Namun, sistem drainase juga dapat digunakan di daerah pedesaan untuk mengalirkan air dari lahan pertanian atau perkebunan. Sistem drainase perkotaan terdiri dari saluran pembuangan primer yang mengarahkan air dari permukaan kota ke sungai atau laut, saluran pembuangan sekunder yang menghubungkan saluran primer dengan sistem drainase lokal, dan sistem pengaturan air yang mengontrol aliran air ke dalam sistem drainase. Namun, sistem drainase perkotaan memiliki masalah seperti banjir akibat curah hujan yang tinggi atau air tercemar dari limbah industri atau rumah tangga. Pemeliharaan dan pengawasan yang teratur diperlukan untuk memastikan bahwa sistem drainase berfungsi dengan baik dan tidak menimbulkan masalah bagi lingkungan dan masyarakat. Saluran drainase Jalan Kunti II di Seminyak menggunakan beton precast dan cenderung tidak bekerja dengan optimal, sehingga terjadi banjir dengan ketinggian mencapai 40cm saat hujan deras. Hal ini perlu mendapat perhatian dan penanganan dari masyarakat dan pemerintah daerah, karena sering terjadi banjir yang dapat menyebabkan kerugian pada irigasi dan rumah warga sekitar. Pada musim kemarau, sampah yang menyumbat saluran drainase menyebabkan aliran air tidak teratur dan terjadi genangan air. Hasil pemodelan HEC-RAS menunjukkan bahwa ketinggian muka air dan ketinggian di kaki permukaan air lebih tinggi dari kapasitas debit saluran eksisting, yang dapat menyebabkan banjir. Pada titik River Sta. 2, terjadi aliran superkritis karena ketinggian permukaan air aliran kritis lebih rendah dari ketinggian di kaki permukaan air. Meskipun kapasitas debit saluran eksisting masih mampu menangani aliran air pada titik hilir 800-100 m, namun pada titik 0-800 m ditemukan banjir pada kala ulang 2, 5, dan 10 tahun karena profil muka air melebihi kapasitas debit saluran eksisting. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan tindakan pengelolaan air yang lebih baik seperti meningkatkan kapasitas saluran atau membuat saluran pengalihan air untuk mengatasi potensi banjir di daerah tersebut.
The study "Unravelling the Impact: Assessing the Impacts of Rising Rates of Interest and Inflation on Individual Finances"
Authors: Mohsan Ali  , Syed Muhammad Ali Naqi  , Muhammad Habib
Published: June 2023

The impact of rising interest rates and hyperinflation on personal finances is examined in this abstract. It draws attention to how these two economic aspects are interconnected and what it means for people's financial security. This abstract offers insights into how changes in mortgage rates and inflation affect personal finances by looking at the impact on costs of borrowing, deposits, savings, and purchasing power. The link between rate of interest and borrowing costs is the first topic covered in the abstract. When interest rates increase, borrowing money becomes increasingly costly for people, which has an impact on many facets of personal finances like credit card debt, home loans, and auto loans. According to the abstract, increasing borrowing costs can result in bigger debt loads, decreased affordability, and possible difficulties with debt payback. The abstract also looks at how inflation affects people's personal budgets. Over time, inflation reduces the monetary value of money, raising the cost of goods and services. The abstract focuses on how inflationary affects the costs of living, covering necessities like housing, food, and medical care. It emphasizes how crucial it is to factor inflation into long-term financial planning and budgeting in order to preserve financial stability and lessen the loss of wealth. The abstract also discusses how the rate of interest and inflation interact. It illustrates how interest rates are frequently employed by central banks as a tool to manage inflation. By decreasing consumption and slowing economic expansion, an increase in financing costs can help control inflation. However, this additionally has a negative impact on a person's personal finances, especially if they have investments or loans with variable rates or loans that are susceptible to changes in interest rates. The abstract also looks at ways that people might manage the effects of inflation and higher interest rates on their personal budgets. It talks on the value of financial literacy, investment diversification, responsible management of debt, and proactive steps like refinancing or modifying spending patterns to accommodate shifting economic conditions.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR BAHASA INDONESIA KELAS II SDN 01/IV KOTA JAMBI
Authors: Joydiana Miranti
Published: June 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia melalui penerpaan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PjBL). Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang menggunakan dua siklus dengan subjek penelitian peserta didik kelas II D SD Negeri 01/IV Kota Jambi tahun ajaran 2022/2023 yang berjumlah 23 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes dan observasi. Instrumen penelitian dengan menggunakan butir soal dan lembar observasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif komparatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia berdasarkan presentasi ketuntasan belajar pra siklus, siklus 1, dan siklus 2 sebesar (47%); (65%); (86%). Dengan demikian penerapan model Project Based Learning (PjBL) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia pada peserta didik kelas II D SD Negeri 01/IV Kota Jambi melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PjBL). Kata Kunci: Project Based Learning, Hasil Belajar, Bahasa Indonesia.
PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DENGAN MEDIA WORDWALL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA TENTANG SIKLUS AIR PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA DI KELAS V SD NEGERI 3 PANGURAGAN WETAN
Authors: Nufus Khayatun , Nurkholis  , Asyah Nur
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study was to find out and describe the steps for implementing PBL in improving science learning outcomes with material on the water cycle process at SD Negeri 3 Panguragan Wetam in class V which had not yet reached (KKM). This type of research is classroom action research (PTK) carried out in 2 cycles. Collecting information using test and non-test techniques, data were analyzed using descriptive techniques. The research subjects were class V SD Negeri 3 Panguragan Wetan totaling 34 students. The results showed that cognitive learning outcomes from pre-cycle 15 students (45%) increased to 26 students (77%) in cycle II increased to 34 students (100%) in cycle III. Affective learning outcomes in cycle II and cycle III showed an average politeness of 87 increased to 98, caring 76 to 83 and responsibility 84 to 93. Psychomotor learning in cycles II and III averaged aspects of practical skills 89 to 96, accuracy 77 to 84, representing 75 to 87. It can be concluded that the application of the problem based learning (PBL) model can improve learning outcomes in the water cycle material both from cognitive, affective and psychomotor.
KEEFEKTIFAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS STEAM-LIFE SKILLS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN LIFE SKILLS SISWA KELAS III SDN REJOSARI 01 SEMARANG
Authors: Salsabilla Marisa , Purnamasari Veryliana , Wijayanti Arfilia
Published: June 2023

The background that prompted this research was that learning media based on STEAM life skills had never been applied. In addition, there is a lack of social skills in students, such as the ability to cooperate and participate, the ability to communicate orally. Students also do not fully have awareness of their own potential and encouragement to develop it during learning, and there is no awareness from students to be skilled in terms of skills in creating or making products. The goal to be achieved in this research is to determine the effectiveness of learning media based on STEAM life skills. This type of research is descriptive quantitative research. The results of the research on the effectiveness of learning media based on STEAM life skills to improve the life skills of SDN Rejosari 01 Semarang students in the experimental class after being treated with a total of 28 students got an average of 137.54 and in the control class with a total of 27 students got an average of 82.93. Meanwhile, based on the paired sample t test, it is known that sig. (2-tailed) before being given treatment and after being given treatment in the experimental class of 0.000 < 0.05 so it can be concluded that there are differences before and after treatment of students' life skills. While the sig. (2-tailed) before being given treatment and after being given treatment in the control class of 0.314 > 0.05 so it can be concluded that there is no difference before and after treatment of students' life skills. Meanwhile, student responses to learning media based on STEAM life skills obtained from the results of the questionnaire obtained an average percentage of 81.36%, this result was included in the very easy category. So it can be concluded that learning media based on STEAM life skills is effective for improving the life skills of class III students at SDN Rejosari 01 Semarang.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA AJAR SCRAMBLE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN PESERTA DIDIK KELAS 1 SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Amelia Sely
Published: June 2023

Reading ability is a crucial aspect of language proficiency. This is because reading ability can influence learning outcomes and processes. Based on observations conducted in class 1 of SDN 195 Isola, it was found that students had below-average learning outcomes. The cause was identified as the students' insufficient reading ability, which affected their learning outcomes. Therefore, the researcher developed an instructional media using the scramble method to enhance early reading skills. The research employed a classroom action research design to examine the impact of using the scramble media on improving the early reading ability and learning outcomes of grade 1 students at SDN 195 Isola. The research subjects consisted of 26 students. The study followed several procedures, including planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The success indicator of this research was the improvement in students' learning outcomes based on their reading ability. The research instruments used were observation sheets and learning outcome tests. The results of the study indicated that the scramble media could enhance early reading ability and improve students' learning outcomes. The improvement in learning outcomes was measured based on the pre-cycle, cycle I, and cycle II results. The test results showed a 22% increase in learning outcomes between the pre-cycle test and the evaluation in cycle II. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of the scramble media can enhance the early reading ability of grade 1 students in elementary school.
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PBL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PENJUMLAHAN DAN PENGURANGAN BILANGAN BULAT BAGI SISWA KELAS VI SDN KAMBANGAN 01
Authors: Slamet Yani Budhiyati  , Rasiman  , Sulianto Joko
Published: June 2023

The problems in this research are (1) how is the validity of the PBL learning tools developed to improve critical thinking of addition and subtraction of integers for students of class VI at SDN Kambangan 01? how practical is the PBL learning tool developed to improve critical thinking of addition and subtraction of integers for class VI students at SDN Kambangan 01? how effective is the PBL learning tool to improve critical thinking of addition and subtraction of integers for class VI students at SDN Kambangan 01?. The aims of this study were (1) to develop and produce valid PBL learning tools to improve critical thinking in addition and subtraction of integers for sixth grade students at SDN Kambangan 01, (2) to develop and produce practical PBL learning tools to improve addition and critical thinking reduction of integers for class VI students at SDN Kambangan 01, (3) Develop and produce effective PBL learning tools to improve critical thinking by adding and subtracting integers for class VI students at SDN Kambangan 01. The subjects in this study were 34 students in class VI at SDN Kambangan 01 and SDN Kambangan 02. Data collection methods used are questionnaires, documentation and tests to students at the beginning and end of learning. Data analysis used was descriptive analysis, pre-requisite test, and hypothesis testing. From the results of the study it can be seen that PBL-based Mathematics learning tools in the form of lesson plans, textbooks, worksheets, learning media, and learning outcomes assessment instruments on aspects of learning objectives achieve very high criteria. valid, aspects of learning materials achieve very valid criteria, aspects of learning strategies are said to be valid, aspects of selecting learning media achieve valid criteria, selection of materials and learning resources achieve very valid criteria, and learning evaluation achieves very valid criteria. PBL-based Mathematics learning tools were declared practical because two indicators were achieved, namely the teacher's response was in the positive category with an achievement of 82.5% and student responses were in a very positive category with an achievement of 86.61%. The PBL-based mathematics learning tool was declared effective because three indicators were achieved, namely student learning outcomes achieving 90% completeness in the very good category with an average student score of 84.24 in the good category, students' critical thinking skills in the pre-test of 79.97% in the good category and at the post test it increased to 86.125% in the very good category, and the teacher's ability to manage learning in the very good category, namely 88.75%.
Abrigos, Morfometria e Reprodução de Histiotus velatus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)
Authors: Vicente Eliane Cristina , Martins Calderan Aline , Robaldo Guedes Neiva , Benvindo de Souza Marcelino , De Oliveira Classius
Published: June 2023

Histiotus velatus constitui uma importante espécie sinantrópica, cujos abrigos e condicionantes são imprescindíveis ao seu sucesso reprodutivo. O objetivo deste estudo foi diagnosticar a capacidade adaptativa de H. velatus na ocupação de abrigos e padrões reprodutivos. Um total de 47 indivíduos (F = 32/M = 15) de H. velatus depositados em coleção científica foram analisados. Fichas catalográficas foram examinadas quanto aos dados referentes Ã  origem dos animais, aos abrigos e aos supostos locais de forrageamento. A análise da biologia reprodutiva foi baseada nos aspectos morfológicos e morfométricos do aparelho reprodutor. Os resultados indicaram que as colônias de H. velatus geralmente não ultrapassavam 15 animais por abrigo. Esses refúgios variaram de 2,5 até mais de 6 m de altura a partir do nível do solo. Para o aspecto reprodutivo, foi observado que 64% (n = 7) das fêmeas grávidas apresentaram o desenvolvimento de gêmeos. Para machos, a estocagem de gametas e a atividade reprodutiva são contínuas, com um curto período de interrupção durante o ano. Tais informações são de grande relevância para o estabelecimento de políticas de conservação e manejo de H. velatus.
Adequacy of the consumption of antipseudomonal antibiotics after changes in the 2019 EUCAST criteria
Authors: Herranz-Bayo Elena , Huarte-Lacunza Rafael , Pinilla-Rello Andrea , Aguiló-Lafarga Irene , López-Calleja Ana Isabel
Published: June 2023

Introduction. In 2019, the European Committee for the Study of Antibiotic Susceptibility modified the categories of antibiotic susceptibility tests to include the term “susceptible with increased exposure”. Following the dissemination of local protocols reflecting these modifications, the aim of our study was to analyse whether prescribers have adapted to them and the clinical impact in cases of inadequacy. Material and methods. Observational and retrospective study of patients with infection who received antipseudomonal antibiotics from January to October 2021 in a tertiary hospital. Results. Non-adherence to the guideline recommendations was 57.6% in the ward and 40.4% in the ICU (p<0.05). In both the ward and ICU, the group with the most prescriptions not by the guideline recommendations were aminoglycosides (92.9% and 64.9% respectively) for using suboptimal doses, followed by carbapenems (89.1% and 53.7% respectively) for not administering an extended infusion. On the ward, the mortality rate during admission or at 30 days in the inadequate therapy group was 23.3% vs 11.5% in those who received adequate treatment (OR: 2.34; 95% CI 1.14-4.82); in ICU there were no statistically significant differences. Conclusions. The results show the need to implement measures to ensure better dissemination and knowledge of key concepts in antibiotic management, to ensure increased exposures, and to be able to provide better infection coverage, as well as to avoid amplifying resistant strains.
RP-HPLC Method Development for Simultaneous Estimation of Brimonidine Tartrate and Timolol Maleate in Ophthalmic Preparation
Authors: Patel Ajay I , Mandavia Anjali K , Vyas Darshita R , Vyas Amitkumar J
Published: June 2023

Introduction: A simple, precise, rapid, and reproducible RP-HPLC method is developed for the simultaneous estimation of brimonidine tartrate and timolol maleate present in ophthalmic dosage forms.

Method: Gradient RP-HPLC is carried out at 35℃ on column C18 (25 cm X 4.6 mm,  5 µm) with mobile phase a ACN and buffer (25 ml ACN & 475 ml buffer) and mobile phase B water and ACN (37.5 ml water & 212.5 ml ACN) at a flow rate of 1.2ml/min. detection is carried out using DAD detector at 248 nm. Parameter such as linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity, LOD, LOQ and robustness are studied as per ICH guidelines Q2 (R1). 

Results: The linearity range of Brimonidine tartrate and Timolol maleate are 10-50 µg/ml and 4-20 µg/ml. The accuracy for both Brimonidine Tartrate and Timolol Maleate are in range of 100-101%. The RSD for Brimonidine Tartrate and Timolol Maleate are less than 2 for precision, specificity, robustness respectively. 

Conclusion: This RP-HPLC method can be highly suitable for analysis of brimonidine tartrate and timolol maleate without interference in combined dosage form.
Early Diagnosis through Estimation of Inflammatory Biomarkers and the Neuroprotective Role of Metformin in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Sri Laxmi , Orsu Prabhakar
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), a chronic neurological complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with signs and symptoms of peripheral nerve dysfunction such as numbness, tingling or burning sensation, paresthesias etc. Several lacunae exist in relation to the cause and effect of DPN. Therefore diagnosis, as well as treatment of DPN remains unsatisfactory. The involvement of chronic low-grade inflammation in DPN is a rapidly emerging concept and therefore the present study adds weight to it. We estimated some of the biomarkers of inflammation which may be the early markers of DPN. This study is the earliest of its kind to correlate the biomarker levels with metformin, a drug less reported in terms of its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activity.   Methods: After approval from the institutional human ethical committee, 90 patients attending the outpatient ward of a tertiary care hospital were included in the study. They were divided into two groups: M- group (patients on non metformin) and M+ group (patients on metformin). 5ml serum sample from each patient was processed for estimation of IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF- α, INF- α, GMCSF and MCP-1 according to the manufacturer’s instructions on the commercially available ELISA kit. Metformin levels in the serum were estimated by HPLC. Data was put into statistical analysis.   Results:  Results showed that IL-1, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF- α were significantly higher in the M- group. The difference was statistically significant between the two groups. The level of biomarkers showed a negative correlation with drug levels in the initial 2m treatment with the drug but was not statistically significant. However, after 6m treatment with metformin the correlation was found to be of statistical significance. Conclusion: we conclude that these biomarkers can be work tested for their clinical utility to be used as diagnostic tools for early detection of DPN and short-term metformin treatment greatly benefits DPN patients. Longitudinal studies may be more insightful as to the long term neuroprotective action of metformin.