bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental factors, urbanization and aging
Authors: Mena Cabrera Yamaris Mercedes , Herrera Gómez Oralis , Cabrera Mejico Damarys , Díaz Pita Gicela , Acosta Martínez Lazara Yumerci
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Population aging is an undeniable reality, it is estimated that the average age of rural populations will increase more than in urban areas.
Objective: to characterize environmental factors, urbanization and aging in the community of the Luis Augusto Turcios Lima polyclinic of Pinar del Río, in the period from January to July 2022. 
Method: An observational, analytical and transversal study was carried out; the universe was constituted by 432 older adults belonging to medical offices 53 and 64 of the polyclinic, a sample of 361 was selected, by intentional non-probabilistic sampling. Theoretical and empirical methods were used, including the review of the individual clinical history and the Health Situation Analysis of each medical office and descriptive statistics.
Results: The predominant age group was 65 to 69 years (medical office 53: 48.81% and medical office 64: 49.63%), female sex: (medical office 53: 37.51% and medical office 64: 39.63%), the most frequent non-communicable chronic diseases were: Arterial Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus and Cerebrovascular Disease (63.7%: 56.3%, 38.9% in medical office 53 and 60.2%, 59.4% and 35.3% in medical office 64).
Conclusions: accessibility to medical services, prevention and control of environmental factors, compliance with the program of care for the elderly guarantee a similar aging in Cuba for any geographical location.
Risk behaviors in adolescents. Medical office 59. Policlínico Turcios lima
Authors: Pereda Rodríguez Yoelys , Del Campo Martínez Sissy , Linares Cánovas Lázaro Pablo , Inguanzo Llauel Olga , Pérez Martin Marta María
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Adolescence is one of the most important periods of human life. The consumption of alcohol and drugs constitutes one of the possible ways for adolescents to “experience” new ways of acting and feeling.
Objectives: To evaluate the risk behavior towards the consumption of alcoholic beverages and cigarettes in adolescents of clinic 59 of the “Luis A Turcios Lima” Polyclinic, from July to December 2022.
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in 47 adolescents, matching the universe with the sample. The variables studied were: age of onset of smoking and drinking, place where the risky behaviors began, coexistence with alcoholic or smoking family members. Knowledge about the harmful effects of alcoholism and smoking. A survey was applied.
Results: 97.8% of the adolescents with risky behaviors started them after 14 years of age and 59.5% were at parties and 29.7% with friends. 74.4 % had no family history of alcoholics and smokers and 65.9 % had inadequate knowledge about the harmful effects of smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages.
Conclusions: Most adolescents started smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages after the age of 14 years, at parties and with friends, a large number of them do not live with alcoholics or smokers. There is inadequate knowledge about the harmful effects of smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages.
Excess nutritional disorders in children aged 1 to 9 years. Educational intervention strategy
Authors: Hernández Medina Guillermo , Vilaú Suárez Wilman Meylin , González Contreras Susana Isabel
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Childhood overweight and obesity in the world, constitute one of the most important health problems; presenting itself as a chronic disease of multifactorial origin, which is characterized by excess fat in the organism.
Objective: To design an educational intervention strategy on nutritional disorders due to excess in children from 1 to 9 years old belonging to the Pilot Basic Work Group, Policlínico 5 de septiembre, in the period 2022 to 2023
Method: A descriptive and cross-sectional research was carried out. The universe consisted of 831 children and the sample consisted of 139 children diagnosed as obese and overweight. Theoretical and empirical methods such as interview and questionnaire were used for data collection.
Results: there was a predominance of female sex, age group 1 to 3 years, overweight, obesity as family history; skin infections behaved as the diseases most related to nutritional disorders due to excess; insufficient knowledge of parents about obesity, risks, causes and consequences for the health of their children was identified, they saw children without a danger or risk of complications from such early ages of life.
Conclusions: family lifestyles have an impact on the nutritional status of children, being of vital importance to apply the educational intervention strategy to modify these factors in order to have a better health and quality of life in children.
Dengue prevention. Everyone's task
Authors: Pérez Hernández Fabián , Morales Arrastía María Caridad , Azcuy García Ivany , Martín Sánchez Aned , Olivera Valdés Aymé
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Dengue continues to be a public health problem in the region of the Americas, despite efforts by Member States to contain it and mitigate the impact of epidemics.
Objective: to carry out Dengue prevention actions with an intersectoral and community approach.
Methods: an action research was carried out in a community of the Raúl Sánchez Rodríguez university polyclinic, the universe was composed of 134 families, a sample of 82 was selected by non-probabilistic sampling. Theoretical methods were used, observation, surveys, to reach a diagnosis and then present an action plan with activities for the prevention and control of Dengue. Descriptive statistics were used, given in absolute and relative numbers.
Results: mosquito breeding sites, micro dumps, poor sanitary culture related to environmental hygiene, lack of knowledge of the autofocal, not attending in time the symptoms and warning signs were identified. A plan of activities was drawn up with community and intersectoral participation led by the basic health team with a view to intensifying efforts to eliminate mosquito breeding sites and protect against bites, prepare health services for early diagnosis and timely clinical management, and educate the population about the symptoms of dengue so that they seek medical attention immediately.
Conclusions: strengthening surveillance, early diagnosis and timely treatment contributes to saving thousands of lives, and dealing with dengue is the task of all sectors of society.
The interdisciplinarity between education and health is a bastion of quality learning in lowe secondary students
Authors: Duarte Hernández Keilan , Cabrera Mejico Damarys , Estévez Mitjans Yusmary , Mena Cabrera Yamaris Mercedes
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The educational sector in our country is immersed in changes, and in basic secondary education because of its complexity and the role it plays in the integral development of adolescents, these changes are significant and for this they are supported by interdisciplinarity emphasizing the health sector promoting healthy lifestyles that allow learning with quality.
Objective: To propose a system of integrative tasks, which link interdisciplinarity between education and health as a bastion of quality learning in students of the Julio Antonio Mella elementary school.
Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional, innovative intervention research was carried out. The universe was constituted by the 166 8th grade students of the basic secondary school of the city of Pinar del Río and the sample by the 45 selected by intentional sampling of the group 8th grade 2.
Results: The students are mostly male, without significant results of age by place of origin. Seventy-six percent reside in urban areas and 68.7% are in good health. Habits and lifestyles were modified in 72% of the patients and 100% of the latter group achieved satisfactory results in the evaluations performed. Among the life habits that affected concentration for learning are in order rest, healthy eating and recreation.
Conclusions: A contribution was made to raise the developmental learning of 8th grade students from the potentialities and the improvement of their emotional health, raising their cultural level and modifying habits and life style.
Clinical-epidemiological characterization of alcoholism. Mantua Popular Council
Authors: Urquiola Seoanes Maidelys , Rodríguez Martínez Yoan Michel , Díaz Blanco Sol María , Valdés Paín LLoy , Alfaro Urquiola Mireilys
Published: June 2024

Introduction: In our country countless efforts are made for the study and treatment of alcoholic patients.
Objective: to characterize clinically-epidemiologically the alcoholism in the population older than 16 years of age of the Mantua Popular Council, Juan Bruno Zayas polyclinic of the municipality of Mantua in the year 2022.
Method: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out, from the universe of 786 alcoholic patients older than 16 years old, a total of 592 were taken by simple random sampling, constituting the sample.  Theoretical, empirical and descriptive statistical methods were used.
Results: a slightly high prevalence of alcoholism was determined, more frequent in males, with early onset of the consumption pattern, with a positive family history for consumption, the presence of other harmful habits such as smoking, family and social dysfunction as well as little information regarding alcohol and the consequences of its consumption, were decisive factors in the possible development of alcoholic disease. Digestive diseases and especially dyspeptic disease in its different variants, resulted the most frequently observed morbid entities.
Conclusions: It is concluded that alcoholism appears slightly elevated in the population of the Popular Council of Mantua, a favorable situation to carry out integral, multidisciplinary and intersectorial actions, in order to eradicate this bad habit and prevent future complications in the individual, family and society.
Chronic complications of Diabetes: the most incident between September 2021 and September 2022
Authors: Mendes Nicole , Grossmann Mauro Oscar
Published: June 2024

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic clinical syndrome characterized mainly by hyperglycemia, due to a defect in insulin secretion, which consists of changes in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. Diabetes is a disease prone to chronic problems and becomes a risk factor for various pathologies. Material and methods: Through an observational, descriptive, retrospective quantitative study, based on patients hospitalized for chronic complications of diabetes at the Ezeiza hospital between September 2021 and September 2022, to statistically know which of the complications is the most incident. Results: 56 patients hospitalized for chronic complications of diabetes were analyzed in the period from September 2021 to September 2022 at the Ezeiza hospital and it turned out that all patients presented diabetic foot as a complication, being the most incident. Of the 56 patients, 28 presented only diabetic foot as a chronic complication (50%), 20 patients presented diabetic foot, retinopathy and nephropathy (35.72%), 5 presented neuropathy and diabetic foot (8.92%) and 3 patients they presented diabetic foot, retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy (5.36%). Conclusion: Through this study it was evidenced that the chronic complication of diabetes in the Ezeiza hospital between September 2021 and September 2022 is the diabetic foot
Proximal Aortic Dissection: A Diagnostic Challenge in a Condition When Minutes Count, a Systematic Review
Authors: Tiosso Batistetti Vitor , Levin Ricardo
Published: June 2024

Background: Proximal aortic dissection is characterized by the formation of a false lumen in the medial layer of the aortic wall. This pathology has an incremental risk of death of 1-2% for each hour since the onset of symptoms. Despite notable advances in diagnostic tools, early diagnosis of this pathology remains a challenge. Material and methods: A systematic review of published studies on acute aortic dissection was performed with a focus on factors associated with a delay in diagnosis and early treatment. Results: The search yielded 16 articles where patient, diagnostic, and treatment availability factors were identified. Among the most relevant factors are the female sex, atypical symptoms, suspicion of coronary disease, and the initial presentation in tertiary care hospitals. Conclusion: The main findings of this systematic review were numerous variables that are associated with a delay in diagnosis and treatment, including patient factors, level of diagnostic suspicion, diagnostic methods used, and level of complexity of the receiving medical center
Predictive value of the neutrophil-lymphocyte index as a predictor of severity and death in patients treated for COVID-19
Authors: Quintero Pérez Diusnaibys , Quevedo Palomo Idalmis , López Santana Yorvis , Calzada Rodríguez Alfonzo , Polledo Piñera Yeilaine
Published: June 2024

Introduction: the neutrophil-lymphocyte index (NLR) is used to evaluate the systemic inflammatory response in different diseases and critical situations, in addition to be an indicator of mortality. Determining it during COVID 19, as a predictor of severity and death, can be very profitable, allowing decisions related to admission and treatment to be made.Objective: determine the predictive value of the neutrophil-lymphocyte index as a predictor of severity and death in patients treated for COVID-19 at the Dr. Agostinho Netoˮ General Teaching Hospital, Guantánamo, during the period July - September 2021.Method: a descriptive observational study was carried out. The universe consisted of 632 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in the period, from which a sample of 247 was selected by simple random sampling.Results: the average age was 64.4±19.0 years, males predominated (52.2%). 40.9% of deaths were recorded and 65.2% were in serious condition. The NLR upon admission of all patients was 5.8 on average and 7.3 in the deceased. The NLR equal to or greater than 4 had the ability to predict death in 36% of the patients.Conclusions: the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio ≥ 4 was associated with mortality and severity status, demonstrating its predictive value.
Systematic review on the relationship between left heart failure and right ventricular dysfunction in the 2000s
Authors: Pereira Gomes Dione , Farias Aníbal Danilo
Published: June 2024

Background: Heart failure is a clinical syndrome characterized by symptoms such as dyspnea and fluid retention in the context of structural abnormalities of the heart. For many years, the importance of the right heart was ignored or forgotten, however, it has been revealed that the right ventricle is a key part in the prognosis of left heart failure. The right ventricle modulates the structure and function of the left ventricle. Interest arises in carrying out a bibliographic review on right heart failure as a cause of left heart failure. Material and methods: The study design was a systematic review of the literature available in PubMED, this review was of a quantitative-qualitative nature, through exhaustive and specific searches using MESH terminologies and boulean operators. Results: A total of 7 scientific articles were analyzed, with a total of 1134 patients, with a mean of 226. The most prevalent associated comorbidities were: arterial hypertension, diabetes, obesity and coronary disease. Conclusion: It is concluded that as a new therapeutic objective of HFpEF, something in which most of the authors of the analyzed articles agree, the focus should be placed on the treatment of right ventricular dysfunction.Right ventricular dysfunction is common and affects the normal function of the left ventricle, also impacting the symptoms and the chance of survival
Complications of Percutaneous Biliary Tract Drainage
Authors: Sánchez Rodríguez Rocío Belén , Belso Dr. Elián
Published: June 2024

Background: Percutaneous drainage of the bile ducts is a minimally invasive diagnostic and treatment procedure that is performed, under anesthesia, in patients with diseases that cause obstruction of the bile duct. It is diagnostic because the cause and precise site of the obstruction can be identified, and therapeutic because it can be resolved in the same surgical procedure. Material and methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study will be carried out, through the study of clinical records of the Dr. Carlos Bonorino Udaondo Hospital, in CABA, Argentina. The study period will include records from 2017 to 2022. The study population will consist of patients with digestive pathologies who receive care at the Dr. Carlos Bonorino Udaondo Hospital. Results: 100 cases of patients submitted to percutaneous biliary drainage were identified, of the total number of patients, 52% were male and 48% female, they presented between 55 and 80 years of age. The reason for consultation was 43% cholestasis, 28% cholangitis, 17% pruritus, and 12% abdominal pain. 86.6% of the patients had malignant lesions and 13.4% benign. The dilation success rate was 81%. The complications associated with the procedure were: 8% infections and 7%  bleeding. Conclusion: Percutaneous biliary drainage has a high success rate and is associated with a low frequency of complications
Therapeutic effect of Gliflozins in Nonalcoholic Hepatic Steatosis
Authors: Salto Antonella Maribel , Estrin Marcelo Adrián
Published: June 2024

Background: The disease called non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD its acronym in English) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, its general prevalence is high, on average 25%. One study showed that the prevalence of NAFLD is increasing with approximately 3.6 million cases each year. Metabolic stress is closely related to insulin resistance (IR). It is frequently associated with metabolic syndromes such as obesity and dyslipidemia.  Material and methods: Systematic review with qualitative and quantitative database of the platform PUBMED. The articles were downloaded from the PUBMED platform and the Zotero program was used to make proper citations and references. Articles that include adult patients of both biological sexes will be analyzed
Systematization of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L) production experiences in the village of La Rivera, municipality of El Paujil-Caquetá
Authors: Sánchez Castillo Verenice , Delgadillo Barrera Magaly
Published: June 2024

The objective of this study was to identify management techniques and their effect on cocoa (Theobroma cacao L) production in La Rivera to move towards agroecological production. The case study method was used through a qualitative research approach, incorporating participatory methods and tools. Five cocoa production units were selected, with organic management and others moving towards the transition process. Critical points were identified in each case, such as productivity, challenges faced and the entire process. For the interpretation of the information, the Atlas ti qualitative data analysis software was used. In the analysis for the organic case, higher sustainability results were obtained as a result of the integral agroecological management of the knowledge and skills of the producers acquired through technical assistance.
Frequency of different histological types of lung cancer in core needle biopsies in a clinical-surgical pathology laboratory in Rosario in the period 2016-2021
Authors: Bertaina María del Rosario , Chiesa Dr. Hernán , Damiano Dr. Mario
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Lung cancer is one of the most frequent cancers nowadays worldwide. Different histological types can be observed, the most frequent being adenocarcinoma, non-small cell carcinoma and, thirdly, small cell and squamous cell carcinoma.  Objective: to calculate the frequency of histological types of lung cancer in biopsies of patients older than 18 years analyzed in an anatomic pathology laboratory in Rosario in the period 2016-2021. Materials and Methods: a quantitative, descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive study was carried out from the analysis of biopsy reports of lung nodular lesions. Results: 197 biopsies of pulmonary nodular lesions were analyzed. 132 reports indicated the presence of neoplastic cells. The highest frequency was in the range of 60-69 years. The 60.9% of the patients were male. The most frequent histologic type was adenocarcinoma NOS (30%), followed by non-small cell undifferentiated carcinoma (16%) and small cell (10%) and squamous cell (10%) carcinoma. Biopsy specimens were representative in 86% of cases. Conclusions: the most frequent histologic type in the present series was adenocarcinoma NOS, with a higher frequency between 60-69 years in the male sex, as reported in the international literature
Systematization of an experience in agroecological production: the case of finca valentin, municipality of pitalito huila
Authors: Sánchez Castillo Verenice , Lara Ceballos Nicole Valeria , Restrepo Duran Katherine
Published: June 2024

In the following manuscript, the systematization of an experience in agroecological production was carried out, the owner of the farm is Mr. Valentín and his name “Finca Valentín” also governs, located in Pitalito Huila, the main objective of this work was to determine the agroecological contribution that this farm provides to the community and how it can influence other farmers and producers in the region, therefore, as a methodology, a survey was carried out where a variety of open and closed questions were asked in order to collect information that we helped determine agroecological production. According to the results, two families were determined that were specified by two networks, as a discussion the first network in terms of agroecology and everything it contains, the second in terms of problems where the characteristics of damage, slowness, etc. are highlighted. Finally, it was concluded that the whole process is slow but great benefits such as organic products are obtained
Pharmacological and Non-pharmacological interventions for the prevention of Pre-eclampsia: a Systematic Review
Authors: Vasconcelos Alves Melo Marlen , Estrin Marcelo Adrian
Published: June 2024

Background: Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy are a major cause of severe illness, long-term disability, and maternal mortality. Preeclampsia is considered one of the main diseases associated with these disorders, and it is important to know how to facilitate its prevention through early detection to achieve adequate clinical management. In this context, it has been proven that knowledge of risk factors, the quality of follow-up of these patients, early diagnosis and appropriate clinical management have a significant impact on minimizing these data. Objective: To unify, analyze and identify the available evidence about the possible benefits and risks of the preventive therapies available for the treatment of preeclampsia, to define the current level of evidence of this therapy and the effects on the clinical results of maternal and child health. Material and Methods: Data collection was performed through a search in the online databases: SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) and PUBMED. The articles were downloaded from the cited platforms, and  Zotero program was used to make the proper citations and references. The research will be made up of published and updated literature that reflects the importance and types of preventive treatment in preeclampsia. Results and discusión:  Fifteen studies that met the criteria related to the object of study were included. According to the results achieved, the study allowed obtaining a more detailed view of the studies that emerged from the data search, highlighting categories such as those that reflect knowledge of non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments and their real effectiveness for the prevention of preeclampsia. Conclusions: The analysis carried out shows that the findings of this study suggest that carrying out interventions for the prevention of preeclampsia in general is beneficial when the components that have a proven positive effect are mainly used. Abbreviations: (AIT) Alanine aminotransferase, (AST) Aspartate Aminotransferase, (UIL) Intrauterine growth restriction, (DIC) Disseminated intravascular coagulation, (PE) Preeclampsia
Predictive factors of anastomotic leakage in laparoscopic colorectal surgery
Authors: Castor Siqueira Freire Viana Verônica Rafaela , Carballo Federico Héctor Enrique
Published: June 2024

Background: Anastomotic leakage represent one of the most alarming complications after any gastrointestinal anastomosis. According to the predictive factors analyzed, the postoperative morbidity and mortality suffered by patients are long-lasting consequences on functional and oncological results. Its incidence is 3%-6%, even in experienced hands. There is a lack of consensus regarding its definition, with a variety of options for prevention and treatment. Various risk factors have been found to be associated with the development of an anastomotic dehiscence and have inspired the development of various preventive measures and technologies.  AIM: determine the most relevant predictors of anastomotic dehiscence available in the current literature. Material and methods: For the development of the research protocol, the PRISMA statement has been followed by systematically, observationally, analytically, and retrospectively reviewing the literature. Articles and studies that address the risk factors for AL during laparoscopic colorectal surgery have been selected, as well as all the current knowledge on its management and post-surgical repair. A bibliographic search was carried out in electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLInE, EMBASE). Results: 16 articles were selected that coincided in their analyzes describing the following risk factors: smoking, advanced age, surgical technique and material used, prolonged operating time and late diagnosis. They are configured as a risk for the occurrence of anastomotic dehiscence, in addition to also recognizing the negative conditions that derive from this complication, such as increased hospitalization time, hospital expenses, and increased morbidity and mortality rates due to AD.  Conclusion: prevention is the best way to avoid anastomotic leakage as a post-surgical complication, for this we must highlight the importance of analyzing the risk factors of each patient individually at an early stage such as male sex, a low anastomosis, a BMI greater than 30 and others. In order to adapt a personalized therapeutic plan and thereby reduce morbidity and mortality rates
Pre-term labor screening evaluation of the results after passing through the day hospital
Authors: Dias de Araújo Fernanda , Acosta Estela Mercedes
Published: June 2024

Background: Preterm birth (PTP) is one of the most frequent complications in maternal-fetal medicine. It is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, which will be inversely proportional to the age at delivery. PPA is characterised by regular contractions and cervical changes in pregnant women from 22 weeks to 36.6 weeks with whole amniotic membranes. If treatment fails, it leads to preterm labour. There are different risk factors, primigravidae, socio-economic factors, environmental factors, drug and alcohol consumption, intrauterine growth restriction, pre-eclampsia, maternal weight and height, multiple pregnancies, infections, previous preterm births for example. Primigravidae are the most frequent to have a preterm birth, although it has been shown that multiparous women with risk factors, previous preterm birth and others also cause preterm birth.  Material and methods: A study will be made of the medical records of all the pregnant women who passed through the day hospital in 2018, and an assessment will be made of how and at what gestational age their deliveries were carried out, as well as how they benefited from having been attended at the Ana Goitia Maternal and Children's Day Hospital. In addition to their medical records, hospital records such as the delivery book and bibliographic and academic scientific articles from PubMed and Google Scholar were used. Those whose pregnancies were not found to be terminated were excluded. Results: A retrospective study was carried out in 2018 and half of 2019, of all pregnant women with threatened preterm labor or with risk factors, admitted to the Hospital Especializado Materno Infantil de Agudos Ana Goitia.  Conclusion: It was observed that the use of the Protocol implemented in August 2012, in the Ana Goitia Specialised Maternal and Child Acute Hospital, was positive compared to years in which the Protocol was not yet in force, as most of the pregnant women with threatened pre-term labor or risk factors, had successful pregnancies
Dynamics of the operation of the peasant market of the Municipality of Suaza
Authors: Sánchez Castillo Verenice , Lopez Ciceri Cesar Julian , Thola Santofimio Jime Esteban
Published: June 2024

The peasant markets in the municipality of Suaza (Huila) emerged as a method or alternative for the reactivation of the market place, it has also been a strategy to promote commercialization between the urban and rural sectors, being a practice implemented in several areas of Colombia. This study analyzes the dynamics of the operation of the peasant market in the Municipality of Suaza. For this purpose, the qualitative methodology with a hermeneutical approach was used, starting from the part of the historical-social paradigm through the use of the interview tool carried out with farmers, public officials and consumers. Among the results obtained, it is highlighted that the MC are the reason for important benefits for the peasant economy despite the low knowledge of marketing techniques and the different difficulties they face such as transportation to be able to bring their crops from the field to be well marketed in the urban sector. On the other hand, the great impact that it is generating in the Suazeña community because it is beginning to retake the market place, after 10 years of inactivity thanks to the implementation of peasant activities
HPV Prevalence in pregnant women
Authors: Pinto e Grossi Isabel Silveira , Acosta Estela Mercedes
Published: June 2024

Background: Human Papilloma virus (HPV) is very common virus in the global population. It is mainly transmitted through sexual contact and can also be transmitted from mother to child during childbirth. There are more than 100 different types of HPV, and most infected individuals do not present symptoms. However, some types of HPV can cause genital warts, while others can lead to change in cervical cells, increasing the risk of cervical cancer development. The best way to prevent HPV infection is through vaccination, along with use of condoms during secual intercourse. It Is essential for women to undergo regular screenings such as Pap test and colposcopy, as they help in the early detection of any cellular changes in the cervix and receiving appropriate treatment if necessary.. Material and methods: This is a retrospective observational study conducted by analyzing the medical records of pregnant women who gave birth in the year 2017 at The Ana Goitia maternal and Child Specialized Hospital. Results:  From this research work, we arrived at the result that 24,2%(n=78) of pregnant women underwent the papanicolaou test. Amog them, 71%(n=55) tested negative, 27%(n=21) were classified as PAP class 2 and 2%(n=2) positive for HPV. Conclusion: After analyzing de medical records of the mentioned hospital, it was evident that very few individuals had undergone the papanicolaou test. As consequence, a low number of pregnant women were found to have any abnormalities in the test o tested positive for HPV. This made in challenging to determine the prevalence of this disease In the study population
Affectation of the thyroid gland post SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Souto Silva João Pedro , Laube Erico Gerardo
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The thyroid gland is an endocrine gland located in the anterior face of the neck and is responsible for secreting the hormones T3, T4 and calcitonin. In the thyroid, a large number of receptors for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) have been noted, which serves as the gateway for Covid-19, which enters that gland and can cause direct and/or indirect damage and generate various symptoms, depending on the patient, that is, whether the patient has a chronic disease or not (type 2 diabetes, hypertension) and it has been noted that when the patient has a chronic disease, the clinical picture worsens, which can generate a complication very severe: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and subacute thyroiditis.Objectives: The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the symptoms caused by covid-19 post infection and a possible post infection treatment.Material and methods: This work is a systematic review whose material and methods collected will be what is available in the selected articles in the database: Pubmed and Google Scholary
Removal of Syndesmal Screws: A Systematic Review
Authors: Duca Moreira Arthur , Perugino Mauro
Published: June 2024

Background: Ankle fracture is quite common in the emergency. This can generate a rupture of the syndesmosis generating instability of the joint. The surgical treatment of syndesmosis is based on the placement of trans-syndesmosis screws. The syndesmosis takes 3 months after surgery to recover. After this time many doctors are in favor of the removal of these screws, but others are against. There is not much scientific evidence, therefore, there is no consensus on the subject. Material and methods: A systematic review including 10 clinical trial and randomized trial type articles searched on the Pubmed and Cochrane library platforms. Results: 10 works were evaluated regarding the removal or not of transindesmal screws where it was observed that there is no consensus and not enough evidence to objectify the best management.. Conclusion: It was concluded that there was no significant improvement in the removal of syndesmotic screws
Growth and use of methylphenidate in the child and adolescent population: Systematic review
Authors: Guimarães de Sousa Jota Marília , Sabattini Analía Claudia
Published: June 2024

Background: Methylphenidate (MFD) is a drug widely used in the world for the treatment of ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). Several adverse effects have been reported with its use, such as growth retardation in the pediatric population, but the available scientific evidence is limited, and a consensus has not yet been reached to determine whether MFD really produces such an effect. Material and methods: A search in PubMed, Cochrane Library, academic Google and a synthesis of available evidence on the growth and use of methylphenidate in the child and adolescent population were analyzed through a Systematic Review type study where previous publications were analyzed. Results: 07 articles have been selected to evaluate the effect of methylphenidate on growth in infants and adolescents to assess the impact of growth in such a population. Conclusion: It is concluded that there is insufficient evidence on the affectation of growth, there are no long-term studies to confirm this action, in such a way that it cannot be affirmed that there is an important weight loss in the growth of children and adolescents
Analysis of farmers' perception of macroinvertebrate diversity in the soil
Authors: Sánchez Castillo Verenice , Hernandez Moreal Harold Gilmar , Rojas Manrique Sergio Alejandro
Published: June 2024

Introduction: the soil is an essential resource for the development and production of the plants in which the macrofauna lives, which is of vital importance, but little in the way of account in the crop management practices. From this perspective, the main objective of this study was to analyze the perception of farmers about the diversity of macroinvertebrates in the soil. Methodology: The research was carried out in the la carbona village of the Caraño district located in the municipality of Florencia, a semi-structured interview was applied to identify the knowledge of the peasant before the macroinvertebrates. Results and discussion: In the interview, six (6) categories were found that were grouped into three (3) families named: Training, productive technician and biodiversity. Conclusion: the farmer has not seen macroinvertebrates with the importance they need and the use of chemical inputs such as fertilizers, herbicides, insecticides or the impact caused by tillage, a condition that is reflected in the reduction or elimination of species
Rural imaginaries of food security and their family participation in two case studies in the municipality of Florencia Caquetá
Authors: Sánchez Castillo Verenice , Ramírez Gonzales Andrés Felipe , Mora Motta Duber Alejandro , Luna Almanza Yeris Faisuri
Published: June 2024

Food security is the sufficient access to safe and nutritious food to meet dietary needs and personal preferences. In the present study, imaginary about food security were constructed in two case studies in the municipality of Florencia, department of Caquetá. The selected case studies were part of an initial project to strengthen food security. In this study, structured interviews were applied through questions in advance with a limit of categories by answers and they were asked to the interviewees or participants, the treatment of the interviews consisted of the systematization of the answers and 18 categories and two correlated families were obtained through networks, some of them such as savings, family labor, health, belonging, vision, self-sufficiency, satisfaction and food. The two case studies, despite the fact that they are located in different geographical areas, agreed on the worldview about food security and the importance of the participation of the members in the strengthening of the productive unit as a strategy to improve the family economy
Intersectoral collaboration for the development of rural entrepreneurship in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Roman-Acosta Daniel
Published: June 2024

In a context where sustainable rural entrepreneurship is gaining increasing importance for the socioeconomic development of Latin America and the Caribbean, this study focused on analyzing the role of intersectoral collaboration as a driver of such development. Through a meticulous qualitative methodology that included document review and descriptive analysis, the dynamics of cooperation between governments, companies, NGOs, and local communities were explored, demonstrating their potential to overcome barriers to rural entrepreneurship. The results highlight the need for specific educational policies, the promotion of gender equality in entrepreneurship, and the importance of innovation and institutional support. It was also shown how these collaborations facilitate the overcoming of obstacles, promote innovation, and enhance socioeconomic development, aligning with the goal of understanding how intersectoral collaboration significantly contributes to sustainable rural entrepreneurship. The most relevant conclusion emphasizes intersectoral collaboration not only as a complement but as an imperative need for the success and sustainability of rural entrepreneurship, opening a wide range of opportunities for development and well-being in the region.
National Plan Fort he Advancement of women in the health sector. Pinar del Río
Authors: Cabrera Mejico Damarys , Mena Cabrera Yamaris Mercedes , Herrera Gómez Oralis , Belkis Mujica Diana , Curbelo Valle Yaritza
Published: June 2024

An empowered woman is a woman who is not violated, who has her own economic autonomy. To achieve this, Cuba relies on the National Program for the Advancement of Women: the agenda of the Cuban State to promote the progress of Women on the Island. Objective: to characterize the National Plan for the Advancement of Women in the health sector, in the year 2022 in Pinar del Río. Method: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out. The universe consisted of 13,699 women active in the health sector, 2,963 were selected by intentional sampling, theoretical, empirical, and descriptive statistics methods were used. Results: there was a predominance of the age group of 50 to 59 years (36.92%), high blood pressure as a trace disease (16.03%), 10.69% with preconception risk, 21.29% are single mothers; 2.32% are mothers with three or more children over 17 years of age, 14.81% have difficulties with housing; 5.53% need day care centers, and 10.63% have difficulties with transportation to get to work. 29.53% of women are leaders; 189 teachers; 123 master's degrees and a single doctor of science. There was an increase in women returning to work, to professional improvement, a plan to confront gender violence was implemented, and respected childbirth was approved. Conclusions: The plan for the advancement of women in the health sector of the province of Pinar del Río brought with it empowerment of women for a more stable, fair and sustainable society
Impact of old age on active family function. South Consolation
Authors: Vázquez Martínez Dunia , Martínez Rodríguez José Miguel , Martínez Vázquez Dario , Bouza Romero Félix , Corrales Corrales Arlenys
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The role and position of the older adult in the family and society is vital in social development. The family will constitute the best guarantee for the physical and spiritual well-being of the elderly and also represents the possibility of permanence in a group, in the absence of others who have already disappeared. Objective: To determine the impact of old age on the active family function in Consolación del Sur during the year 2022. Method: An intervention study was carried out, the universe was constituted by 87 older adults, selecting a sample by non-probabilistic sampling of 72 older adults who met the inclusion criteria, theoretical, empirical and descriptive statistical methods were used. Results: male sex was predominant (38.9%) and the age group from 60 to 69 years (43.1%), marital status was married (40.3%), the representation of object symbols of older adults in relation to the attitude towards aging most represented natural symbols (45.8%), in the classification of the attitude towards aging of older adults was negative (58.33%), perception of family relationships before the educational intervention was not very harmonious (34.7%) and afterwards very harmonious (48.6%). Conclusions: the interrelationship of the family is of vital importance to achieve a state of health that allows the elderly to conserve to the maximum their active life expectancy, a high functional level, and to preserve them at home and in the social environment where they have lived, as long as the required conditions exist
Socio-demographic and epidemiological risk factors of early gestation. Pinar del Río Municipality
Authors: Ferreiro Corrales Jorge Luis , Lescalle Ortiz Yoleiny , Lago Carballea Odalys
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Adolescent pregnancy is a global public health concern. It is accompanied by significant morbidity derived from biological, sociocultural and economic factors that compromise the mother-child binomial, and has repercussions on the family and society.
Objective: to characterize the sociodemographic variables related to adolescent pregnancy in the municipality of Pinar del Rio from January 2022 to march 2023, an observational, descriptive, cross- sectional study was carried out with a universe of 240 adolescents admitted to the regional maternity home Justo Legón Padilla during the aforementioned period, coinciding with the sample, theoretical, empirical and descriptive statistical methods were used.
Results: The Mean level of adolescent pregnancy incidence was higher in those older than 15 years schooling predominated and the majority reported not having received sex educations. Only 12,5 % of the pregnant adolescents practiced any religion and 6,6 % lived in a consensual union. Most of the young woman initiated sexual relations between the age of 15 and 1 years and 12,5 % used some type of contraceptive. Pregnant women from rural areas predominated.
Conclusions: Early gestation was related to medium level of schooling, rural origin, consensual union, inefficient use of contraceptive methods and poor sexual education.
Educational intervention on the harmful effects of tobacco in smoking patients. Medical Clinic 33. Policlínico Luis Augusto Turcios Lima
Authors: Capote Serrano Rigoberto , Ramírez Guzmán Sandra
Published: June 2024

Introduction: smoking is currently a social phenomenon that affects all sectors of the population and represents one of the major problems faced by health authorities. Cuba is among the first three countries in the world in per capita consumption of cigarettes and tobacco. Objective: to evaluate an educational intervention on the harmful effects of tobacco in the smoker patients studied. Method: An action research was carried out in clinic 33 belonging to the University Polyclinic "Luis Augusto Turcios Lima", Pinar del Río, during the period from September 2020 to June 2022. Qualitative and quantitative variables were studied. Results: in the sample there was a predominance of smokers between 20 and 59 years of age, male sex and pre-university school level.  In all patients there was a significant increase in the level of knowledge about the harmful effects of smoking and the benefits of quitting. The number of cigarettes smoked per day was significantly modified by the educational intervention and 5% of the patients quit smoking. The factor that most influenced the maintenance of the habit was the social factor. Conclusions: the educational intervention succeeded in raising the patients' level of knowledge about smoking and in reducing, although to a lesser extent, its prevalence in the population studied
Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of HIV. Luis Augusto Turcios Lima University Polyclinic
Authors: Ramírez Guzmán Sandra , Capote Serrano Rigoberto
Published: June 2024

A descriptive and transversal research was carried out with the purpose of characterizing clinical and epidemiological aspects in HIV patients at the Turcios Lima polyclinic from June 2020 to June 2022. The universe consisted of 64 patients with HIV and the sample coincided with this universe. A questionnaire was applied to each patient where variables such as sex, age, race, marital status, education level, occupation, age of diagnosis of the disease, toxic habits, time of evolution of the disease, most frequent symptoms, psychosocial characteristics of the family, degree of family functioning, risk factors, CD4 lymphocyte count at diagnosis, treatment and whether or not adherence to treatment were collected. To obtain the information, a questionnaire and instruments such as the FFSIL test for the perception of family functioning and the Morinsky-Green-Levine Self-Reported Compliance Test to measure adherence to treatment will be applied. Among the main results it was found that most of the patients were between 40 and 49 years of age, male, with a schooling level of 12th grade, with the age of diagnosis being 30 years, predominance of smoking as a toxic habit, good psychosocial characteristics, and a high level of adherence.