bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Firm Performance and Financial Distress: The Moderation Role of Board Gender Diversity
Authors: Utami Devi Wahyu , Salsabila Salma Ila , Widodo Bagus Wahyu
Published: December 2024

This study contributes to the understanding of financial distress by examining the role of gender diversity on corporate boards as a moderating variable in the relationship between company performance and financial distress. Focusing on the property and real estate sector, the research utilized a sample of 120 observations collected through purposive sampling techniques. The analysis was conducted using regression techniques to assess the impact of board gender diversity while controlling for company performance. Findings reveal that neither company performance nor board gender diversity alone has a significant relationship with financial distress. However, the study highlights the importance of board gender diversity as a moderating factor, suggesting that the composition of the board can influence the dynamics between a company's performance and its susceptibility to financial distress. The practical implications of this research are particularly relevant for companies in the property and real estate sector, as it underscores the need for balanced gender representation on boards. It suggests that shareholders should take care when selecting new board members, ensuring a well-rounded mix of male and female directors. This diversity is valuable because it brings together different perspectives, experiences, and expertise that can enhance decision-making processes, potentially leading to better management of financial risks and overall company performance. Ultimately, this study advocates for a more inclusive approach to corporate governance that recognizes the benefits of gender diversity in the boardroom.
CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA: REFLEXÕES TEÓRICO-PRÁTICAS
Authors: Leão Larissa Gabriela Pereira , Barbosa Romana Aparecida Alves , Ornelas Yanca Curty Ribeiro Christoff , Teixeira Claudia Cristina , Souza Dávila Dayane Martins , Maciel Reginalda , Amaral Adriana Rocha , Scremin Marlete , Grillo Marcell Gonçalves , Silva Suede de Oliveira Neto , Santos Hanna Emanuelle Rocha dos , Brito Alcina Mendes , Costa Ângela Neves , Lopes Greicy Kelly Duarte de Oliveira
Published: December 2024

The study aims to know the interface between palliative care and primary health care. A theoretical-reflective study was carried out based on the concepts of continuing education and health promotion. Articles retrieved through the secondary databases Virtual Health Library (VHL), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) and Online System for Search and Analysis of Medical Literature (MEDLINE) were analyzed based on the specific descriptors retrieved through the health sciences descriptors. Studies published in Portuguese, English or Spanish and that dealt directly with the theme under study were considered. Palliative care is a real requirement in the face of the epidemiological transition of society and the technological advances that have made it possible to increase the life expectancy of individuals, in this sense, there is no possibility that only the tertiary level of health care is responsible for palliative care, thus, primary care must assume its role as an organizer of the health system,  above all, considering the attributes of territoriality, first contact, longitudinality and comprehensiveness of care; It is urgent to transform the training of health professionals so that people can face finitude in a less aggravated way.
RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL POR ABANDONO AFETIVO NO BRASIL
Authors: Simoes Micaelle Cristina Alves , Rosa Lorrane Oliveira , Amazan Bruno
Published: December 2024

The main objective of this graduation thesis is to analyze civil liability for parental abandonment within the scope of Brazilian law. With the promulgation of the Federal Constitution of 1988, principles were introduced to ensure the dignity of the human person. Furthermore, the legislative reforms that occurred after the Constitution established fundamental rights aimed at children and adolescents, assigning parents responsibilities related to parental authority, with the intent of ensuring an environment that promotes the full development of children and respects their rights. Among these rights, it is important to emphasize that growing up in a nurturing environment that provides care, companionship, and love is essential. Thus, a child requires not only material resources for healthy development but also attention, affection, and love. This study aims to examine the possibility of civil liability for parents who fail to provide this emotional support, which may compromise the fundamental rights of their children. We will discuss the requirements for civil liability, as well as the rights of children and adolescents, with the goal of evaluating the feasibility of compensation for the absence of parental support.
HOMICÍDIOS DOLOSOS E SUA IMPUNIDADE: CAUSAS E POSSÍVEIS SOLUÇÕES NO ÂMBITO JURÍDICO
Authors: Miranda Matheus da Silva , Guimarães Luan Victor da Silva
Published: December 2024

According to the definition in Article 121 of the Brazilian Penal Code, intentional homicide refers to a criminal act with the intent to kill. This type of crime is one of the most severe offenses outlined in the penal legislation, given its irreversible impact on human life. The impunity in cases of intentional homicide is a multifaceted issue that involves legal, institutional, and social aspects. The problem of intentional homicides and impunity is a significant challenge in Criminal Law. This thesis will focus on exploring the reasons for impunity in cases of intentional homicide from a legal perspective and propose legislative solutions to the problem. The issues investigated pertain to the field of Criminal Law and are also relevant to Procedural Criminal Law due to the unique characteristics of the procedures in investigating and judicially examining these crimes. The research question under investigation is: "What are the causes of impunity in intentional homicides in Brazil, and what legal solutions can be implemented to address the issue?" This study is motivated by the need to improve the efficiency of the Brazilian justice system concerning the adequate punishment of perpetrators of intentional homicide.
A IMIGRAÇÃO JAPONESA EM PORTO VELHO
Authors: Custódio Alessandra , Costa Giulliano Carneiro , Gularte Graciana Inês , Okabayashi Katuo , Lima Reginilde Mota de , Ressutti Wania , Guterres Mário Jonas Freitas
Published: December 2024

This article aims to present the trajectory of Japanese immigrants to the Amazon region, more specifically to Porto Velho, Rondônia, at the beginning of the 20th century. This migration is analyzed as the result of a treaty signed between Brazil and Japan, considering the perspective of national interests on both sides. The article will examine the problems and difficulties faced by the families who arrived in the region, recount their history, and recognize the community's contribution to the city's development. The study seeks to contextualize the relationships between the governments involved, shedding light on issues relevant to contemporary debates about migratory rights in Brazil, the integration of foreign communities, and the fight against discrimination.

This work presents accounts based on the commemorative edition celebrating 50 years of the September 13th Colony (1954-2004), provided by the Japanese-Brazilian Cultural Association of Rondônia-Nikkey. The methodology employed includes bibliographic procedures such as literature review, scientific articles, family accounts, normative interpretation, and reflective analysis.

This research intends to contribute to the preservation of memory and the construction of a more complete and in-depth understanding of the history of Japanese immigration in Rondônia, thereby strengthening a more inclusive and plural society.
COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE LAJE DE CONCRETO ARMADO E LAJE PRÉ-FABRICADA TRELIÇADA
Authors: Rezende João Pedro da Silveira , Souza Romeu Tavares Mello Freire de , Gonçalves Gabriel Pereira
Published: December 2024

This research had the general objective of comparing solid reinforced concrete slabs and prefabricated lattice slabs through a case study with the verification of a building project located in the municipality of Itaperuna/RJ. This is research with a quantitative approach, of an applied, exploratory nature, through a case study. Given the significant savings and operational advantages, such as cost reduction and agility in execution, the prefabricated slab system appears to be a very attractive alternative. However, the final decision must be based on a complete analysis of the project, considering the specific conditions of the work, the active loads and technical and economic feasibility.
Interrelationship between Multichannel Sound Formats and the “Embodiment” in Cinema
Authors: Rusinova E. A.
Published: December 2024

The article investigates the connection between the use of multichannel sound formats and the development of film theory: in particular, the ability of surround sound to “immerse” the viewer in the narrative universe, evoking proprioceptive sensations with sound which gives a new impetus to the theory of “embodiment” developing in the paradigm of phenomenological aesthetics. New sound films not only put the viewer into a new acoustic environment, but also create parallel universes represented by sound and identified by the viewer as “material”, capable of not only causing a reaction, but also “finalizing” the image in the minds of viewers. Technological innovations in sound recording and sound reproduction due to the introduction of multichannel systems have led to the transformation of auditory perception and the emergence of an entirely new type of acoustic space. With film sound becoming more multi-layered and omnidirectional, the auditory component has been elaborated with synthesized textures as a result of sound design. The aesthetic potential and expressiveness of the “format” sound has broken a new ground in the progress of virtual reality in film and affected the viewer’s artistic perception of the latest works of screen art as well as the development of new theoretical ideas.
The Dominant Images and Motifs of the US Cinema and Its Impact on the Viewer’s Morals
Authors: Yanovsky M. I.
Published: December 2024

The article investigates the psychological impact of American cinema, taking into account some common features. Special attention is paid to the most characteristic attribute of American films, i. e. the use of “a loner-versus-the system” collision. The relationship between this conflict and the peculiarities of American religion and liberalist traditions is analyzed, as well as its connection with the correlation between good and evil, and, accordingly, the nature of its influence on the viewer’s moral codes.
“Empty Space” of the Civil War: Theatricalization of the theme on the Soviet Screen in 1960s
Authors: Palshkova M. A.
Published: December 2024

The article analyses three films: “Optimistic Tragedy” (1963) by Samson Samsonov, “The First Russians” (1967) by Evgeny Schiffers and Alexander Ivanov, and “Intervention” (1968) by Gennady Poloka. This combination is based not only on the special “picturesqueness” of the films and a certain type of eccentricity but also on an ample use of the conventional theatrical space that paradoxically leads to the reinterpretation of the very concept of the Civil War on the Soviet screen in the 1960s.
Generative AI and Labor: Power, Hype, and Value at Work
Authors: Nguyen Aiha , Mateescu Alexandra
Published: December 2024

As AI companies perpetuate the rhetoric that generative AI enhances efficiency and automates away drudgery - and pursue ambitions to automate everything from customer service to medical diagnoses - it is critical that claims about the technology's capabilities do not go unchallenged. This primer integrates workers' current and material experiences into public discourse and questions promotional language about the magical, infallible, and seemingly inscrutable qualities of AI. It underscores that AI does not exist outside of industries' current economic conditions and their attendant inequalities and power dynamics.

While media speculation has focused on whether and how AI can either "augment" work or drive mass unemployment, looking at the technology's impact on different industries reveals a more complicated story. Generative AI and Labor: Power, Hype, and Value at Work shows that understanding how AI will affect work requires examining how work is organized, how industries are structured, and whose and what work is valued.
The Interplay of Fairness and Performance-Based Pay: Insights into Employee Compensation Satisfaction
Authors: An Junjie , Lasi Masri Bin Abdul
Published: December 2024

This study examines the relationships between performance-based compensation, internal salary fairness, procedural fairness in pay determination, external pay fairness, and employee satisfaction with compensation, using a structural equation model. Data was collected from employees working in state-owned and small-to-medium-sized private enterprises in Beijing and Xi'an through a combination of direct and outsourced survey distribution methods. The model was refined based on empirical analysis of the interactions among these variables. Results show that a stronger link between performance and pay enhances both the fairness of compensation procedures and external pay fairness. Additionally, the perceived fairness of salary allocation and procedures significantly contributes to improved overall salary satisfaction.
Macrófagos: viejos conocidos con nueva vestimenta.
Authors: Reyes Óscar , De Flammineis Koppel Diana Cristina , Cachut Andrea , Chávez María , Almeida Alejandra
Published: December 2024

Los macrófagos son un grupo de células muy dinámico en el organismo que actúan contra los procesos infecciosos, remueven detritos celulares y cuerpos extraños. En carcinogénesis, cambian su fenotipo ayudando a los tumores en distintas fases, tales como angiogénesis, invasión y metástasis, por lo que este subtipo se ha denominado macrófagos asociados a tumor (TAM). En la última década ha habido muchos avances en investigación por su potencial en inmunoterapia contra el cáncer. En un escenario clínico global de aumento de la incidencia de cáncer de piel, en este trabajo se describen las características de este grupo celular, su significado, pronóstico y se hace una pequeña revisión de terapia anti TAM.

Palabras claves: macrófagos; células; fagocitosis; inmunidad; procesos infecciosos.
Espectro fenotípico de foliculitis decalvante y liquen plano pilaris: reporte de un caso
Authors: González Vianello Maria Gabriela , SÁENZ ANA MARÍA
Published: December 2024

El espectro fenotípico de foliculitis decalvante y liquen plano pilaris (EFFDLPP) es una forma rara de alopecia cicatricial, recientemente descrita en la literatura. Se reporta caso de paciente masculino de 38 años de edad, quien consulta por múltiples pápulas y pústulas eritematosas, pruriginosas, que confluyen y forman grandes placas alopécicas, cicatriciales, pelos en penacho, secreción purulenta y escamocostras en cuero cabelludo. En la tricoscopia se observó ausencia de aperturas foliculares, parches blancos cicatriciales, escamas perifoliculares, escasos puntos azules grisáceos y politriquia con más de 6 pelos en penacho. Se plantea el diagnóstico de foliculitis decalvante, sin embargo, la biopsia reportó infundíbulos foliculares fusionados, denso infiltrado inflamatorio linfoplasmohistiocitario y acentuada fibrosis perifolicular, con destrucción de folículos pilosos. Se concluye el caso como EFFDLPP. Este nuevo espectro fenotípico es infrecuente, probablemente infradiagnosticado, implica un reto diagnóstico y requiere de una buena correlación clínica, tricoscópica e histopatológica.

Palabras claves: espectro fenotípico de foliculitis decalvante y liquen plano pilaris; liquen plano pilaris; foliculitis decalvante; alopecia cicatricial.
Work Discipline of Civil Servants at the Bulukumpa Sub-district Office, Bulukumba Regency
Authors: Nasnidar Nasnidar , Niswaty Risma , Isgunandar Isgunandar
Published: December 2024

Discipline is one of the important aspects that supports the quality of performance of a Civil Servant (PNS), this study aims to find out how the work discipline of civil servants in the Bulukumpa Sub-district Office, Bulukumba Regency. The type of research used in this study is a qualitative descriptive research type and for the data collection techniques used, namely observation, interview and documentation techniques with three informants, namely employees of the Bulukumpa Sub-district Office, Bulukumba Regency. The results of this study show that employee discipline at the Bulukumpa Sub-district Office, Bulukumba Regency is still lacking. This can be seen from attendance, responsibility, attitudes, and norms. Where the attendance of employees has not been in accordance with the regulations that have been set and the results of observation as evidenced through the recap of the attendance list, the implementation of employee responsibilities that have been included in the category is very good, but the attitude of employees who are still categorized as poor is evidenced by the use of office uniforms that are not orderly so that they are not in accordance with the established regulations. Then the norms or compliance with the regulations are still not good, as seen from the fact that there are still some employees who do not comply and receive reprimands from the leadership. The results of this study are still not in accordance with what is expected based on discipline indicators
Employee Performance Effectiveness at the Office of the South Sulawesi Provincial General Election Supervisory Agency
Authors: Ramdani Muhammad Hasyim , Darwis Muh. , Saleh Sirajuddin
Published: December 2024

Employee performance effectiveness is the ability of employees to do things correctly based on a goal plan that has been set. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of employee performance, supporting factors and inhibiting the effectiveness of employee performance at the South Sulawesi Provincial Bawaslu Office. Therefore, this study has a significant impact on employee performance that affects employee performance effectiveness. This research is qualitative, therefore to achieve the objectives of this research, the method of collecting data is by conducting observations, interviews, and documentation. The findings of this study show that all indicators used in this study can be categorized as effective. The indicator in question is that the quality of the work results of employees is effective because they receive coaching and are able to cooperate in completing the work. The quantity of work results is effective because employees are able to achieve targets and leaders are able to distribute tasks according to employee duties. Punctuality in completing tasks is effective because employees can complete tasks before the deadline. The presence of employees is still said to be less effective because there are employees who are still less disciplined and do not fulfill their obligations when working. The ability to cooperate with employees is effective because employees have the ability to communicate and complete work together. This study presents new information by associating detailed theories and research loci different from previous research on the effectiveness of employee performance so that it can be used as evaluation material for research loci to improve quality in the work environment.
Technical Hospitality
Authors: Kochhar Rijul
Published: December 2024

Facing a post-antibiotic future, scientists and patients forge new alliances in pursuit of old therapies.
The Effect of Peer Influence on Turnover Tax Compliance among Small and Medium Enterprises in Meru County, Kenya
Authors: Mugambi Kennedy Mutua , Baimwera Dr. Bernard , Koske Dr. Naomi
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Turnover tax was introduced in Kenya in 2007 to enhance revenue collection, improve tax administration and reduce non-compliance and collection costs among the micro, small and medium enterprises. The main objective of the study was to determine the effect of peer influence on turnover tax compliance among small and medium enterprises in Meru County, Kenya. The study was guided by theory of planned behaviour.
Methodology: The study adopted an explanatory research design to enable the generalization of the study hypotheses. The target population was 1756 small and medium enterprises in Meru town and a sample size of 325 respondents. The study showed that the response rate for the questionnaire was 72.0%, showing that 234 out of 325 participants correctly filled the and submitted their questionnaires. The study used primary data, collected through questionnaires which was administered through drop and pick later method.
Results: The study found that peer influence had a positive and significant effect on turnover tax compliance (β = 0.237, p = 0.000).
Conclusion: Based on the findings, the study recommends that the government enhance programs that foster peer influence, as it has been shown to positively affect tax compliance. Future studies could also investigate the effects of KRA m-service on turnover tax compliance
Activities for 2009 in the Nordic Graduate School in Mathematics Education
Authors: Grevholm Barbro
Published: December 2024

Seminar for supervisors ...
Nordic collaboration in mathematics education research
Authors: Grevholm Barbro
Published: December 2024

The funding of the Nordic Graduate School in Mathematics Education (NoGSME) has come to an end but the Nordic collaboration continues ...
Commentary on Theorizing in mathematics education research: differences in modes and quality
Authors: Sriraman Bharath
Published: December 2024

The authors confront a major and troubling issue for the field of mathematics education ...
Oral presentations as a tool for promoting metacognitive regulation in real analysis
Authors: Naalsund Margrethe , Skogholt Joakim
Published: December 2024

Real Analysis is for many students their first proof-based mathematics course, and many find it challenging. This paper studies how oral presentations of mathematical problems for peers can contribute to students’ metacognitive reflections. The paper discusses several aspects tied to preparing for, and carrying out, oral presentations, that seem to spur important sub-components of metacognitive regulation such as planning, monitoring, and evaluating. Thoughtful guidance from an expert encouraged the students to further monitor their cognition, and evaluate their arguments and cognitive processes when expressing their reasoning to their peers.
Sammen om omsorg og sygdom. Ældre ægtepars hverdagsliv hvor begge er syge.
Authors: Vedsegaard Helle , Wind Gitte
Published: December 2024

Ældre samboende ægtepar, hvor begge ægtefæller er syge, er samtidig hinandens pårørende. I denne artikel vil vi undersøge, hvordan hverdagslivet med omsorg og sygdom udfolder sig blandt ældre ægtepar, som i forskelligt omfang modtager kommunalt visiteret hjemmehjælp og/eller hjemmesygepleje. På baggrund heraf vil vi diskutere og udfordre den traditionelle dikotomiske forståelse af rollerne patient versus pårørende, som opstår i mødet med velfærdsstaten. Artiklen bygger på otte semistrukturerede dybdegående interviews med fem samboende ældre ægtepar. Med udgangspunkt i ægteparret Doris og Jens, og inddragelse af de fire øvrige ægtepars oplevelser og erfaringer, undersøges hvordan ægteparrene er sammen om omsorg og sygdom. Analysens tematikker: når omsorg primært går den ene vej; i ’to-somhed’ om omsorg og sygdom; og sprækker af lys i et hverdagsliv med sygdom viser, at velfærdsstaten indgår som væsentlig betingelse og aktør for hvordan ægteparrene er sammen om omsorg og sygdom. Det er også tydeligt, at ægteparrene i mødet med velfærdsstatens sundhedsprofessionelle rammesættes i rollerne som henholdsvis patient og pårørende i en dikotomisk forståelse, hvilket vi udfordrer i artiklen, da begge ægtefæller er syge og er hinandens pårørende. Den dikotomiske opdeling i patient og pårørende opløses hermed og tydeliggør, hvordan omsorg flyder på forskellig vis mellem de to syge ægtefæller. Det får betydning i mødet mellem det ældre ægtepar og sundhedsvæsnet og for de forventninger, der er til personen, der kategoriseres som den pårørende.
THE ROLE OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND ITS IMPACT ON SUSTAINABILITY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW APPROACH
Authors: Tsoku Tumelo , van Dyk Liezl , Maisiri Whisper
Published: December 2024

Increasing global awareness of environmental problems has propelled sustainable engineering into a pivotal discipline that is crucial for harmonising technological advancements with ecological responsibility. The purpose of industrial engineering (IE) is to improve processes, systems, and designs, placing an increased responsibility on industrial engineers to drive sustainable solutions. The International Journal for Sustainable Engineering (IJSE) provides cross-disciplinary information to promote sustainable practices in engineering. Drawing from the IJSE corpus, this paper analyses the alignment of sustainable development goals (SDGs) with IE topics. A framework is presented to map IE-related topics, derived from the Handbook of IE and IE undergraduate curricula in South Africa. A literature review was conducted on the relationship of each IE topic to sustainable engineering. The resulting analysis emphasised the current and potential incorporation of the SDGs into each IE topic, thus mapping out the present and potential roles of industrial engineers in achieving the SDGs.
ASSESSING THE ALIGNMENT OF LEAN MAINTENANCE PRACTICES IN A SOUTH AFRICAN MARITIME VALVES AND PUMPS WORKSHOP
Authors: Lewele Kagisho , Steenkamp Henrietta
Published: December 2024

Lean maintenance practices have gained prominence for enhancing operational efficiency, reducing waste, and improving overall performance in maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) environments. Lean principles have shown success in various industries, but their applicability and effectiveness in the unique context of maritime MRO workshops is still relatively unexplored. This research employs a mixed-method research approach, which entails qualitative and quantitative data-gathering through interviews, structured questionnaires, and observations. The assessment of a South African maritime valves and pumps MRO workshop revealed a predominant reliance on reactive maintenance, with no implementation of lean maintenance practices. This approach could lead to significant inefficiencies, including the increased downtime of valves and pumps, higher maintenance costs, and operational disruptions. To address these problems, it is recommended that comprehensive lean maintenance training and standardised maintenance processes be implemented, enhanced data use be invested in, and a culture of continuous improvement be fostered.
La place d’une vision restaurative de la justice dans l’évaluation scolaire
Authors: Roussey Sylvain
Published: December 2024

Cet article questionne le rôle que peuvent jouer deux conceptions de la justice pénale dans l’évaluation scolaire. Pour cela, la place du jugement et de l’erreur dans l’évaluation est présentée, puis les notions de justice restaurative et rétributive sont introduites dans un cadre pénal. L’influence que peuvent avoir l’une ou l’autre de ces visions de la justice sur le jugement évaluatif scolaire est alors discutée. En particulier, les dimensions relationnelles et émotionnelles de la relation enseignant·e-élève-savoir sont mises en avant. Ces aspects, souvent ajoutés pour des motivations éthiques, peuvent trouver une place harmonieuse dans l’évaluation quand elle se fonde sur une vision restaurative de la justice.
Detecting anomalies in images of critical information infrastructure
Authors: Gorokhova Rimma Ivanovna , Nikitin Petr Vladimirovich
Published: December 2024

The authors present a method for detecting anomalies in the visual content of critical information infrastructure based on comparing hash strings obtained from visual data to detect potential deviations or duplicate content. The subject of the study is the detecting of anomalies in critical information infrastructure (CII) images using hashing technology. The relevance of the study is due to the growing threat of copyright infringement and the distribution of illegal content. Critical information structures, including public administration, science, economics and energy systems, directly depend on the protection of their information. Therefore, identifying anomalies in images and their prompt response play a key role in maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of data. The goal is to develop an algorithm for identifying duplicate content and create an effective tool for monitoring images. The work uses the integration of computer vision methods and machine learning algorithms. The development includes the use of hash strings for precise comparison of images. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the development and implementation of a new approach to detecting anomalies in images of critical information infrastructure using hashing technology. The use of the technology provides unique identifiers for visual data and allows for efficient comparison and analysis of images. This approach significantly increases the speed of data processing and the accuracy of detecting duplicate content and anomalies in images. Hash-based image classification provides a higher degree of sensitivity to anomalies and allows filtering out false positives, which is critical for organizations with a high level of information security. The results show the high efficiency of the proposed method; a significant degree of accuracy in detecting anomalies has been achieved, which is confirmed by experiments on real data. The presented algorithms have demonstrated improvement over existing solutions.
Criminal Responsibility in the Kurt Lewin's field theory
Authors: Kangieva Alie Memetovna
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the study of criminal responsibility as a dynamic category through the lens of Kurt Lewin's field theory. The research examines the interaction between an individual's internal motives, value orientations, and external normative requirements within the context of the psychological field. The field approach offers a deeper understanding of the mechanisms shaping and transforming criminal responsibility, including the perception of punishment, acceptance of guilt, or avoidance of responsibility. Special attention is given to modeling the psychological field of an individual under conditions of social stigmatization. Additionally, practical applications of field theory are proposed, including the development of rehabilitation programs, prevention of recidivism, and reduction of social stigmatization. The article shows how the boundaries of the psychological field determine the scope of the influence of external and internal factors on human behavior. They depend on many parameters, including the level of awareness, motivation and the degree of susceptibility to external influences. It is concluded that the boundaries of the field can be dynamic and change under the influence of both internal transformations of the individual and changes in the environment. The trust is shown as a force that transforms the external rule into internal motive of the person. Trust allows minimize internal pressure and tension and achieve balance of field forces. The research can be used for deeper theoretical understanding of criminal responsibility, as well as in the practice of legal psychology and crime prevention. The scientific novelty of article in the adaptation of field theory to study the mechanisms of acceptance of responsibility, resistance to it, and the influence of social stigma on behavior.
Diaries of the heir and Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich (1899-1903): possibilities of the computer analysis
Authors: Ekhlakova Alina Rinatovna
Published: December 2024

The author studied the texts of Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich’s diaries, which provide important information both about the Successor’s daily life and practices, and about his participation in state and public affairs. The relevance of the study is confirmed by the fact that content analysis of Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich’s diary entries is not found in the literature and is conducted for the first time. In this paper, a quantitative content-analysis of diary texts is made, and on the basis of information about visited places indicated in the records, a spatial analysis of Grand Duke’s travel routes was carried out. The frequency of occurrence of words and word forms made it possible to identify four main thematic categories found in the diaries: the sphere of everyday life, family and other personalities (of the Russian Imperial Family with socio-political figures of the Russian and European times under study), the Grand Duke’s work duties and outings, and temporal and geographical references. The information recorded in the geodatabase was visualized with the help of four maps with chronological division from 1899 to 1902, which made it possible to trace the path of Michael Alexandrovich and to reveal some features of his travels in the period under study. The conclusions are that it is possible to identify a number of recurring themes and stable word combinations denoting the regular routines and actions of Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich. The diaries contain information about many aspects of the life of the Grand Duke and his inner circle in 1899–1903, including the cultural context of the Russian Empire. Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich described historical events that took place in the Imperial Family, Russia or some European Royal families “from the inside”, being a direct participant in them.
Key factors of spontaneous polarization magnitude in wurtzite materials
Authors: KANG Yao , CHEN Jian , TONG Yi , WANG Xinpeng , DUAN Kun , WANG Jiaqi , WANG Xudong , ZHOU Dayu , YAO Man ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116081, China,   Suzhou Laboratory, Suzhou 215123, China
Published: December 2024

Emerging wurtzite ferroelectric materials have aroused significant interest due to their high spontaneous polarization magnitude (Ps). However, there is a limited understanding of the key factors that influence Ps. Herein, a machine-learning regression model is developed to predict the Ps using a dataset consisting of 40 binary and 89 simple ternary wurtzite materials. Features are extracted based on elemental properties, crystal parameters and electronic properties. Feature selection is carried out using the Boruta algorithm and distance correlation analysis, resulting in a comprehensive machine learning model. Furthermore, SHapley Additive exPlanations analysis identifies the average cation-ion potential (IPi_Aave) and the lattice parameter (a) as significant determinants of Ps, with IPi_Aave having the most prominent effect. A lower IPi_Aave corresponds to a lower Ps in the material. Additionally, a exhibits an approximately negative correlation with Ps.

This multifactorial analysis fills the existing gap in understanding the determinants of Ps, and makes a foundational contribution to the evaluating emerging wurtzite materials and expediting the discovery of high-performance ferroelectric materials.

The dataset in this work can be accessed in the Scientific Data Bank https://www.doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00213.00073.
Fast neutron multiplicity measurement of plutonium material based on spatial multiplication coefficient correction
Authors: LI Kaile , LI Sufen , CAI Xingfu , HUO Yonggang , WANG Fei ,   College of Nuclear Engineering, Rocket Force University of Engineering, Xi’an 710025, China
Published: December 2024

Fast neutron multiplicity measurement technology is an important non-destructive testing technology in the field of arms control verification. In the technique, the liquid scintillation detector is used to detect the fission neutron and combined with the time correlation analysis method to extract multiplicity counting rates from the pulse signals. This technique is commonly used to measure the mass of nuclear materials, however, it is based on the point model that assumes that the neutron multiplication coefficient keeps constant in the whole spatial volume, which will lead to overestimation of the multiplication coefficient and result in system deviation. To correct the deviation and improve the measurement accuracy, the fast neutron multiplicity simulation measurements are carried out on spherical and cylindrical samples in this work. The relationship among the position of neutron generation, absorption and net growth in the space volume of the material is obtained. According to the definition of the leakage multiplication coefficient, the leakage multiplication coefficients at different positions in the space volume of the material are calculated. On this basis, a method based on spatial multiplication coefficient correction is proposed according to the functional relationship between neutron multiplicity factorial moments and the unknown parameters. In this method, the n-order multiplication coefficient is modified by introducing a weight factor \begin{document}$ {g_n} $\end{document}, and the fast neutron multiplicity weighted point model equation is derived. To verify the accuracy of this method, a set of fast neutron multiplicity detection model is built by Geant4, and the fast neutron multiplicity simulation measurement is carried out on the spherical and cylindrical samples. The results show that the solution accuracy of the weighted point model equation is higher than that of the standard point model equation, and the measurement deviation is reduced to less than 6 %. This work provides an optimization method for solving plutonium samples with several kilograms in mass, and promotes the development of the fast neutron multiplicity measurement technology.
PEBP1 amplifies mitochondrial dysfunction induced integrated stress response
Authors: Cheng Ling , Meliala Ian , Kong Yidi , Chen Jingyuan , Proud Christopher G , Björklund Mikael
Published: December 2024

Mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in numerous diseases and the aging process. The integrated stress response (ISR) serves as a critical adaptation mechanism to a variety of stresses, including those originating from mitochondria. By utilizing thermal proteome profiling (TPP), we uncovered that phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 1 (PEBP1), also known as Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP), is thermally stabilized by stresses which induce mitochondrial ISR. Depletion of PEBP1 impaired mitochondrial ISR activation by reducing eIF2α phosphorylation and subsequent ISR gene expression, which was independent of PEBP1’s role in inhibiting the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway. Consistently, overexpression of PEBP1 potentiated ISR activation by heme-regulated inhibitor kinase (HRI), the principal eIF2α kinase in the mitochondrial ISR pathway. Real-time interaction analysis using luminescence complementation in live cells revealed an interaction between PEBP1 and eIF2α, which was disrupted by eIF2α S51 phosphorylation. These findings suggest a role for PEBP1 in amplifying mitochondrial stress signals, thereby facilitating an effective cellular response to mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, PEBP1 may be a potential therapeutic target for diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
Inhibition of p38-MK2 pathway enhances the efficacy of microtubule inhibitors in breast cancer cells
Authors: Chen Yu-Chia , Takada Mamoru , Nagornyuk Aerica , Muhan Wu , Yamada Hideyuki , Nagashima Takeshi , Ohtsuka Masayuki , DeLuca Jennifer G , Markus Steven , Takaku Motoki , Suzuki Aussie
Published: December 2024

Microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) have been successfully translated from basic research into clinical therapies and have been widely used as first- and second-line chemotherapy drugs for various cancers. However, current MTAs exhibit positive responses only in subsets of patients and are often accompanied by side effects due to their impact on normal cells. This underscores an urgent need to develop novel therapeutic strategies that enhance MTA efficacy while minimizing toxicity to normal tissues. In this study, we demonstrate that inhibition of the p38-MK2 (MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 2) pathway sensitizes cancer cells to MTA treatment. We utilize CMPD1, a dual-target inhibitor, to concurrently suppress the p38-MK2 pathway and microtubule dynamicity. In addition to established role as an MK2 inhibitor, we find that CMPD1 rapidly induces microtubule depolymerization, preferentially at the microtubule plus-end, leading to the inhibition of tumor growth and cancer cell invasion in both
in vitro
and
in vivo
models. Notably, 10 nM CMPD1 is sufficient to induce irreversible mitotic defects in cancer cells, but not in non-transformed RPE1 cells, highlighting its high specificity to cancer cells. We further validate that a specific p38-MK2 inhibitor significantly potentiates the efficacy of sub-clinical concentrations of MTA. In summary, our findings suggest that the p38-MK2 pathway presents a promising therapeutic target in combination with MTAs in cancer treatment.
Impairment of lipid homeostasis causes lysosomal accumulation of endogenous protein aggregates through ESCRT disruption
Authors: Yong John , Villalta Jacqueline E , Vu Ngoc , Kukurugya Matthew A , Olsson Niclas , López Magdalena Preciado , Lazzari-Dean Julia R , Hake Kayley , McAllister Fiona , Bennett Bryson D , Jan Calvin H
Published: December 2024

Protein aggregation increases during aging and is a pathological hallmark of many age-related diseases. Protein homeostasis (proteostasis) depends on a core network of factors directly influencing protein production, folding, trafficking, and degradation. Cellular proteostasis also depends on the overall composition of the proteome and numerous environmental variables. Modulating this cellular proteostasis state can influence the stability of multiple endogenous proteins, yet the factors contributing to this state remain incompletely characterized. Here, we performed genome-wide CRISPRi screens to elucidate the modulators of proteostasis state in mammalian cells, using a fluorescent dye to monitor endogenous protein aggregation. These screens identified known components of the proteostasis network and uncovered a novel link between protein and lipid homeostasis. Increasing lipid uptake and/or disrupting lipid metabolism promotes the accumulation of sphingomyelins and cholesterol esters and drives the formation of detergent-insoluble protein aggregates at the lysosome. Proteome profiling of lysosomes revealed ESCRT accumulation, suggesting disruption of ESCRT disassembly, lysosomal membrane repair, and microautophagy. Lipid dysregulation leads to lysosomal membrane permeabilization but does not otherwise impact fundamental aspects of lysosomal and proteasomal functions. Together, these results demonstrate that lipid dysregulation disrupts ESCRT function and impairs proteostasis.
Oxydifficidin, a potent Neisseria gonorrhoeae antibiotic due to DedA assisted uptake and ribosomal protein RplL sensitivity
Authors: Kan Jingbo , Morales Adrian , Hernandez Yozen , Ternei Melinda A , Lemetre Christophe , Maclntyre Logan W , Biais Nicolas , Brady Sean F
Published: December 2024

Gonorrhea, which is caused by
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
, is the second most reported sexually transmitted infection worldwide. The increasing appearance of isolates that are resistant to approved therapeutics raises the concern that gonorrhea may become untreatable. Here, we serendipitously identified oxydifficidin as a potent
N. gonorrhoeae
antibiotic through the observation of a
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
contaminant in a lawn of
N. gonorrhoeae
. Oxydifficidin is active against both wild- type and multidrug-resistant
N. gonorrhoeae
. It’s potent activity results from a combination of DedA- assisted uptake into the cytoplasm and the presence of an oxydifficidin-sensitive ribosomal protein L7/L12 (RplL). Our data indicates that oxydifficidin binds to the ribosome at a site that is distinct from other antibiotics and that L7/L12 is uniquely associated with its mode of action. This study opens a potential new avenue for addressing antibiotic resistant gonorrhea and underscores the possibility of identifying overlooked natural products from cultured bacteria, particularly those with activity against previously understudied pathogens.
Kama-taguste udmurtide kevadise suure päeva (bõddzh’õnal) kombetalituse laulufolkloor
Authors:   Department of Research in Philology, Udmurt Institute of History, Language and Literature, UdmFRC UB RAS, Izhevsk, Russia, Pchelovodova Irina , Anisimov Nikolai ,   Department of Folkloristics, Estonian Literary Museum, Tartu, Estonia
Published: December 2024

The article is dedicated to the analysis of musical motifs performed by Eastern Udmurts within the framework of the spring ritual complex Bydzhynnal (The Great Day). The relevance of this study is justified by the limited exploration of the musical folklore of this local group. The primary sources for the analysis include field materials collected during the period from 2016 to 2023, as well as materials from the Scientific Archive of the Institute of Udmurt Philology, Ethnography, and Arts of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, along with expedition records by Udmurt ethnographer Ranus Sadikov. The research methodology is based on philological and musicological approaches, involving a plot-thematic analysis of poetic texts and the identification of features in the development of melodies in the context of their modal, rhythmic, and melodic characteristics. The results of the analysis indicate the diversity of motifs used in the examined tunes. The identified anhemitonic tonal systems suggest similarities between the calendar musical compositions of Eastern Udmurts and the musical tradition of Southern and Western Udmurts. The rhythmic structures are presented in two main types. The presence of melisma in the melodies has also been identified, which is explained by the influence of Turkic culture.