bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
1897 OSMANLI-YUNAN SAVAŞI’NDA GÖNÜLLÜ OSMANLILAR
Authors: SEZER Cemal
Published: March 2023

1897 Osmanlı-Yunan Savaşı, Yunanların Megalo İdea’yı gerçekleştirme yolunda Girit Adası’nı ilhak etmek ve Osmanlı sınırlarına yaptığı saldırılar nedeniyle çıkmıştır. Osmanlı’ya karşı üstün olduğunu düşünen Yunan idarecileri, savaşı kazanacaklarından oldukça emin bir hâldeyken savaş umdukları gibi gitmemiş; kısa süre içerisinde Türk askerlerine Atina yolu açılmıştır. Bu sıralarda Yunanların yardımına başta Rusya olmak üzere Büyük devletler koşmuş, Osmanlı Devleti ile Yunanistan arasında mütareke görüşmelerinin başlamasını sağlamışlardır. Savaşta Osmanlı ordusu; nizamiye, redif ve müstahfız sınıflarının dışında, gönüllü askerlerden oluşmuştur. Gönüllü asker yazılmak için Müslümanların yanı sıra gayrimüslimler de başvuruda bulunmuşlardır. Gönüllü kayıtları çocuk denebilecek yaştan yaşlısına kadar her kesiminden olmuştur. Başvuruları olumlu sonuçlanan gönüllüler belirlenen yerlere yani cephelere halkın katıldığı coşkulu törenlerle uğurlanmış, zafer kazanılmasının verdiği gururla asker dönüşleri de aynı şekilde gerçekleşmiştir. Ayrıca gönüllü askerlere ve gönüllülerin geride bıraktıkları ailelerine yerel makamlar ile ekonomik durumu iyi olan bölgenin ileri gelenleri tarafından nakdî, yiyecek ve giyecek yardımında bulunulmuştur. Osmanlı Devleti’nin cephelerde elde ettiği başarılarda askerî sınıfların olduğu gibi gönüllülerin de katkıları vardır. Gönüllü askerlerin cephelerde gösterdiği başarı ve sadakat, değişik rütbelerde nişanlar almasını ya da sadece bu savaş için yapılmış olan “Yunan Harbi Madalyası” ile onurlandırılmalarını sağlamıştır. Dolayısıyla araştırmada; 1897 Osmanlı-Yunan Savaşı sırasında Osmanlıların gönüllü asker kaydı, kayıtları kabul edilenlerin cephelere sevki ve cephelerden dönüşleri incelenmiştir.
Comparative Study of Lee Carter and Arch Model in Modelling Female Mortality in Nigeria
Authors: Aliyu Umar Shelleng  , Yahaya Jamil Sule  , Jibrin Yahaya Kajuru  , Adamu Kabiru
Published: March 2023

Using Nigeria mortality data from 2009 to 2020, this study compares and contrasts how well the Lee-Carter and ARCH models performed. Singular value decomposition (SVD) method, Langrage multiplier test, and autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH) effects were examined. Five (5) different ARIMA and ARCH models were fitted together with their criteria, i.e., AIC and BIC in order to determine the best model for Nigeria mortality data. ARIMA (0,1,0) had the lowest AIC and BIC values, and was determined to be the best ARIMA model. The mortality index   is then modelled using ARIMA (0,1,0) and plugged back into the Lee-Carter model to predict the future mortality rate. Also ARCH (1) turned out to be the best ARCH model among other candidate models. The performance of Lee-Carter model and ARCH model was compared using error measures. Results obtained revealed that the ARCH model had the minimum RMSE and MAPE when compared with the Lee-carter model, therefore it was concluded that the ARCH model performs better than the Lee-Carter model on Nigeria mortality data.
STUDENTS’ STRATEGIES IN ENHANCING VOCABULARY
Authors: Sallata Yisrel Nani
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to find out the learning strategies used by seventh-semester students majoring in English education at UKI Toraja in enhancing their vocabulary through interviews. In this study, the researcher used qualitative research methods. The population of this study was the seventh-semester English students majoring in FKIP UKI Toraja. To collect data, the researcher used observation and then interviews that were conducted in person and by telephone and recorded via cellphone. The researcher used cluster sampling in selecting samples, and there were 20 students as respondents. The obtained data were analyzed by data reduction, data display, and drawing or verifying conclusions.Based on the results of the research, the researcher concludes that the seventh semester students of the English education department of the FKIP UKI Toraja faculty use various learning strategies to improve their vocabulary. The learning strategies they use are determination strategies, social strategies, memory strategies, cognitive strategies, and metacognitive strategies.
STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN DIFFERENTIATING PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE AND GERUND OF THE FOURTH SEMESTER STUDENTS AT FKIP UKI TORAJA
Authors: Siumarlata Viktor
Published: March 2023

The problem statements are formulated as follows: to what extent is the student's ability to differentiate between the present continuous tense and the gerund of the fourth semester students at FKIP UKI Toraja? In this research, the researcher used the quantitative method. The participants of this research were fourth semester students at FKIP UKI Toraja. To collect the data, the researcher used a written test in the form of multiple choice. The researcher took 20 students to Campus 1. The research results finally extended the conclusion that the answer to the research question about the ability of the fourth semester students of FKIP UKI Toraja in differentiating present continuous tense and gerund, the researcher concludes that the ability of the fourth semester students of FKIP UKI Toraja in differentiating present continuous tense and gerund, falls into the failed category.shown by the mean score of 41.4.
INFLUENCE OF THE OPTIMAL PARENTS' INVOLVEMENT TO STUDENTS ACHIEVEMENT IN ENGLISH LEARNING
Authors: Hasma Nur Ain , Latief Hasnawati , Mahmudah Dzur Rif'ah Mahmudah
Published: March 2023

This type of research is descriptive qualitative which aims to determine the influence of parents’ involvement to students achievement in English learning at SMPN 9 Pinrang. Data acquisition by conducting interviews with parents by asking eight questions. In this study, the research subjects were parents of eight class at SMPN 9 Pinrang whose samples was used a purposive sampling technique with the characteristics of the informants parents’ educational background, type of parents’ job, and number of family members. This study was shown by four components of the influence of parents’ involvement, namely: (1) parents as caregivers and educators (2) parents as advisors (3) parents as motivators (4) parents as facilitators.The results of this study the researcher found the influence of parents’ involvement on student achievement, namely parents as educators and caregivers, parents as advisors, parents as motivators and parents as facilitators. By conducting interviews with parents of students and seeing the value of knowledge and values ​​of students' attitudes in English learning.
AN ANALYSIS ON THE STUDENTS COMPETENCE IN PREDICTING PICTURES ON READING TEXT AT SMA NEGERI 1 BARRU
Authors: Amalia Ramadhani  , Eny Satriana  , Burhanuddin Wildan
Published: March 2023

This research deals with a reading focused on analysis of the students competence in predicting pictures on reading descriptive text particularly in describe the object. The level of students analyzed is the XI Grade at SMA Negeri 1 Barru.This research used a descriptive quantitative method. The population of this research was  grade XI of the students that consist of 340 students at SMA Negeri 1 Barru. The sample of this research used purposive sampling was XI MIA 2 that consisted of 30 students. The instrument used in this research was picture and essay test.The result of this research was the competence in predicting pictures was very good. From 27 students or 90% got very good level. The second is good level, there were 2 students or 7% got good level. The third is low level, there were 1 students or 3% got low level. As well as their reading comprehension of the text with mean score 80.33. It can be conclude that the result of this research was appropriate with the theory which stated that pictures was useful for getting students to predict what is coming next in a lesson. It is also help the students can look at the picture and try to guess what it shows.
AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ SUPRASEGMENTAL ERRORS IN READING SENTENCES AT SMA NEGERI 4 JENEPONTO
Authors: Rindiani  , Nurdevi Bte Abdul  , Asri jumiati Andi
Published: March 2023

This study aims to identify the errors students in intonation and in stressing the word in sentences. This is descriptive qualitative research. Student audio transcripts and an Oxford dictionary were used to process the data. Participants in this study were students of SMAN 4 Jeneponto X IPA 2 semester 2, totaling 15 people who were selected by random sampling technique. A pronunciation test or oral test was used as the primary research instrument, with recordings as a secondary instrument.The results showed that there were 2 errors in intonation made by students of class X IPA 2 semester 2 SMAN 4 Jeneponto, namely rising intonation and falling intonation errors. Then there is an error in stressing the word in the sentence, which lies in the verbs and adjectives. It can be concluded that the errors made by students are caused by a lack of knowledge and awareness of students in terms of pronunciation, especially suprasegmental sounds.
The language paradigm of social prejudice as a factor in the social exclusion of LGBTQI members
Authors: Capurihan Norren Mae , Dominguiano Kristelle , Palapas Jazzy Ann , Genelza Genesis Gregorious
Published: March 2023

The primary objective of this research is to emphasize how social prejudice, which has not received enough attention, plays a role in the social exclusion of LGBTQI people. The researchers demonstrated that this issue also affects the sexual minority in society. This is a pressing topic that has to be discussed. Thus, it must be handled as well. The chief goal of this research study is to explicitly detail the language paradigm of social bias in the LGBTQI community. Two hundred survey participants who gave enthusiastic responses to the questionnaires were chosen. According to the information provided by the respondents, the study's findings cannot necessarily be generalized to students who do not identify as LGBTQI or are not enrolled at UM Tagum College. Queer Theory, developed in 1991 by Italian American feminist theorist Teresa de Laurentiis, serves as the theoretical foundation for this work. Because many people tend to exclude LGBTQI people from society due to their sexuality, romantic relationships, and lifestyle preferences, this theory was created.
CRITIC Tabanlı MULTIMOORA ve TOPSIS Yöntemleri İle Finansal Performans Analizi: BİST Spor Endeksi Şirketleri Üzerine Bir Çalışma
Authors: SÜSLÜ Cemil , HIZLIER Suat Sibel
Published: March 2023

Günümüzün rekabetçi ortamında şirketlerin ayakta kalabilmesi için belirli bir finansal planlamaya ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Finansal planlamanın olumlu sonucu olarak şirketlerin finansal performanslarının değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Finansal performans ölçümlemesinde finansal oran analizleri yetersiz olduğundan araştırmacılar farklı yöntemler geliştirmiş ve uygulamışlardır. Çok kriterli karar verme yöntemlerinin de bu uygulamalar arasında olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada, BİST spor endeksinde işlem gören 4 büyük futbol kulübünün (şirketinin) 2020 ve 2021 yılları için belirlenmiş 7 adet kriter ile finansal performans başarısı ölçülmüştür. Çalışmada çok kriterli karar verme yöntemlerinden olan CRITIC tabanlı MULTIMOORA ve TOPSIS yöntemlerinden kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, kullanılan her iki yönteminde benzer sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür. Buna göre, 2020 ve 2021 yılında BİST spor endeksi şirketlerinden TSPOR şirketi en iyi finansal performansı veren şirket olarak görülmüştür
Revisiting “Excited Delirium”: Does the Diagnosis Reflect and Promote Racial Bias?
Authors: Walsh Brooks , Agboola Isaac , Agboola Isaac , Coupet Edouard , Rozel John , Wong Ambrose
Published: March 2023

Introduction: “Excited delirium” (ExD) is purported to represent a certain type of agitated state that can lead to unexpected death. The 2009 “White Paper Report on Excited Delirium Syndrome,” authored by the American College of Emergency Medicine (ACEP) Excited Delirium Task Force, continues to play a pivotal role in defining ExD. Since that report was produced, there has been an increasing appreciation that the label has been applied more often to Black people.

Methods: Our aim was to analyze the language of the 2009 report, the role of potential stereotypes, and the mechanisms that may potentially encourage bias.

Results: Our evaluation of the diagnostic criteria for ExD proposed in the 2009 report shows that it relies on persistent racial stereotypes: eg, unusual strength, decreased sensitivity to pain, and bizarre behavior. Research indicates that use of such stereotypes could encourage biased diagnosis and treatment.

Conclusion: We suggest that the emergency medicine community avoid use of the concept ExD and that ACEP withdraw implicit or explicit support of the report.
Operations Factors Associated with Emergency Department Length of Stay: Analysis of a National Operations Database
Authors: Canellas Maureen , Michael Sean , Kotkowski Kevin , Reznek Martin
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Prolonged emergency department (ED) length of stay (LOS) has been shown to adversely affect patient care. We sought to determine factors associated with ED LOS via analysis of a large, national, ED operations database.

Methods: We performed retrospective, multivariable, linear regression modeling using the 2019 Emergency Department Benchmarking Alliance survey results to identify associated factors of ED LOS for admitted and discharged patients.

Results: A total of 1,052 general and adult-only EDs responded to the survey. Median annual volume was 40,946. The median admit and discharge LOS were 289 minutes and 147 minutes, respectively. R-squared values for the admit and discharge models were 0.63 and 0.56 with out-of-sample R-squared values of 0.54 and 0.59, respectively. Both admit and discharge LOS were associated with academic designation, trauma level designation, annual volume, proportion of ED arrivals occurring via emergency medical services, median boarding, and use of a fast track. Additionally, admit LOS was associated with transfer-out percentage, and discharge LOS was associated with percentage of high Current Procedural Terminology, percentage of patients <18 years old, use of radiographs and computed tomography, and use of an intake physician.

Conclusion: Models derived from a large, nationally representative cohort identified diverse associated factors of ED length of stay, several of which were not previously reported. Dominant within the LOS modeling were patient population characteristics and other factors extrinsic to ED operations, including boarding of admitted patients, which was associated with both admitted and discharged LOS. The results of the modeling have significant implications for ED process improvement and appropriate benchmarking.
Disparate Utilization of Urine Drug Screen Nationwide in the Evaluation of Acute Chest Pain
Authors: Overbeek Daniel , Janke Alexander , Watson C. James , Salhi Rama , Kim Erin , Boatright Dowin , Losman Eve
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Urine drug screens (UDS) have unproven clinical utility in emergency department (ED) chest pain presentations. A test with such limited clinical utility may exponentiate biases in care, but little is known about the epidemiology of UDS use for this indication. We hypothesized that UDS utilization varies nationally across race and gender.

Methods: This was a retrospective observational analysis of adult ED visits for chest pain in the 2011– 2019 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. We calculated the utilization of UDS across race/ ethnicity and gender and then characterized predictors of use via adjusted logistic regression models.

Results: We analyzed 13,567 adult chest pain visits, representative of 85.8 million visits nationally. Use of UDS occurred for 4.6% of visits (95% CI 3.9%-5.4%). White females underwent UDS at 3.3% of visits (95% CI 2.5%-4.2%), and Black females at 4.1% (95% CI 2.9%-5.2%). White males were tested at 5.8% of visits (95% CI 4.4%-7.2%), while Black males were tested at 9.3% of visits (95% CI 6.4%-12.2%). A multivariate logistic regression model including race, gender, and time period shows significantly increased
odds of ordering UDS for Black patients (odds ratio [OR] 1.45 (95% CI 1.11-1.90, p = 0.007) and male patients (OR 2.0 (95% CI 1.55-2.58, p < 0.001) as compared to White patients and female patients.

Conclusion: We identified wide disparities in the utilization of UDS for the evaluation of chest pain. If UDS were used at the rate observed for White women, Black men would undergo nearly 50,000 fewer tests annually. Future research should weigh the potential of the UDS to magnify biases in care against the unproven clinical utility of the test.
The Impact of “Emergency-only” Hemodialysis on Hospital Cost and Resource Utilization
Authors: Shafqat Farina , Das Shamie , Wheatley Matthew , Kasper Lauren , Johnson Sarah , Pitts Stephen , Ross Michael
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Undocumented immigrants are excluded from benefits that help compensate for scheduled outpatient hemodialysis (HD), compelling them to use emergency departments (ED) for HD. Consequently, these patients can receive “emergency-only” HD after presenting to the ED with critical illness due to untimely dialysis. Our objective was to describe the impact of emergency-only HD on hospital cost and resource utilization in a large academic health system that includes public
and private hospitals.

Methods: This retrospective observational study of health and accounting records took place at five teaching hospitals (one public, four private) over 24 consecutive months from January 2019 to December 2020. All patients had emergency and/or observation visits, renal failure codes (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Rev, Clinical Modification), emergency HD procedure codes, and an insurance status of “self-pay.” Primary outcomes included frequency of visits, total cost, and length of stay (LOS) in the observation unit. Secondary objectives included evaluating the variation in resource use between persons and comparing these metrics between the private and public hospitals.

Results: A total of 15,682 emergency-only HD visits were made by 214 unique persons, for an average of 36.6 visits per person per year. The average cost per visit was $1,363, for an annual total cost of $10.7 million. The average LOS was 11.4 hours. This resulted in 89,027 observation-hours annually, or 3,709 observation-days. The public hospital dialyzed more patients compared to the private hospitals, especially due to repeat visits by the same persons.

Conclusion: Health policies that limit hemodialysis of uninsured patients to the ED are associated with high healthcare costs and a misuse of limited ED and hospital resources.
Why Emergency Physicians Should Advocate for Suspension of Title 42 Restrictions on Asylum for US Immigrants
Authors: Durgun Kevin , Ha Emmeline , Kirilichin Natalie , Blanchard Janice
Published: March 2023

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Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Food Insecurity in an Urban Emergency Department Patient Population
Authors: Enayati Donya , Chan Virginia , Koenig Gavin , Povey Kathryn , Nhoung Heng , Becker Les , Saulters Kacie , Breed Rebecca , Jarris Yumi , Zarembka Thomas , Magee Michelle , Goyal Munish
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Food insecurity (FI) has been associated with adverse health outcomes and increased healthcare expenditures. Many families experienced reduced access to food during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A 2019 study revealed that the prepandemic prevalence of FI at an urban, tertiary care hospital’s emergency department (ED) was 35.3%. We sought to evaluate whether the prevalence of FI in the same ED patient population increased during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We performed a single-center, observational, survey-based study. Surveys assessing for FI were administered to clinically stable patients presenting to the ED over 25 consecutive weekdays from November–December 2020.

Results: Of 777 eligible patients, 379 (48.8%) were enrolled; 158 (41.7%) screened positive for FI. During the pandemic, there was a 18.1% relative increase (or 6.4% absolute increase) in the prevalence of FI in this population (P=0.040; OR=1.309, 95% CI 1.012-1.693). The majority (52.9%) of food-insecure subjects reported reduced access to food due to the pandemic. The most common perceived barriers to access to food were reduced food availability at grocery stores (31%), social distancing guidelines (26.5%), and reduced income (19.6%).

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that nearly half of the clinically stable patients who presented to our urban ED during the pandemic experienced food insecurity. The prevalence of FI in our hospital’s ED patient population increased by 6.4% during the pandemic. Emergency physicians should be aware of rising FI in their patient population so that they may better support patients who must choose between purchasing food and purchasing prescribed medications.
Developing future engineers with broad views and deep skills - the emergence of a new T2-capability profile
Authors: Saukkonen Juha
Published: March 2023

Companies are increasingly stressing their need for recruits and employees who can understand the company strategy and operations on a wider scale and with an integrative mindset, as opposed to siloed departments, jobs, and people possessing those jobs. With new digital technologies, new organizational forms such as team-based organizations and virtual teams as well as Human Resource Management practices like job rotations, there are increasing opportunities for cooperation and integration of people with different backgrounds and skillsets, as the interplay between marketing (business function) and R&D (engineering function). However, having the company practices and infrastructure "right" for holistic and cross-disciplinary work does not suffice. The professional preparedness of the practitioners has to support this new paradigm as well. The solution has been proposed to be T-shaped capabilities, where the vertical line represents the deep expertise in one area, and the horizontal line overview expertise to better understand processes outside one´s domain. This is an improvement to I-shaped capabilities, where the connecting horizontal integration is missing. The paper propagates for a prospective upgrade to the T-shaped capability model, the T2 capability profile. The core idea - derived from interviews with industry managers - is that two horizontal lines differ in scope. The societal/business megatrends demand a set of non-contextual understanding of issues such as sustainability, quality as well as basic technical and financial literacy, and the other horizontal line is made of company-and industry-specific processes. To conclude, the opportunities to foster T2-capabilities in (engineering) education get discussed.
Students' experiences with short videos in a flipped classroom design in physic
Authors: Rolstad Knut Bjørkli , Andersen Trine
Published: March 2023

We have implemented a methodology for using short videos as a part of a flipped classroom design in an introductory, multi-campus physics course for engineering students. These pre-recorded videos introduced theory and concepts to students ahead of in-class sessions, which enabled a reduction in the time used for traditional lectures. The time spent in classes puts emphasis on student activities, such as quizzes, Q&A sessions with the lecturer answering student-submitted questions, and problem solving. The physics course has a modular design for customized delivery to a multitude of study programmes and is coordinated by a team of teachers who provide localized classes at several campuses. Although teachers manage individual classes, the course uses an open learning environment which allows enrolled students access to all study materials published by any teacher. We present results from a questionnaire investigating student experiences with the use of short videos, by measuring the overall level of satisfaction with the videos, as well as collecting students’ comments to the videos. We investigate correlations between student satisfaction with the videos and the comments they make, and whether students whose teacher is featured in the video are more satisfied than students without a personal relationship with the featured teacher. Students report overall satisfaction with video length and level of precision, while requesting more worked examples and detailed calculations. We identify a set of good practices for flipped classroom designs, based on the students’ feedback.
Concept of Select Unlocking Optimization
Authors:   Department of Informatics, Faculty of Management Science and Informatics, University of Žilina, Slovakia, Kvet Michal
Published: March 2023

Ensuring data integrity stored in a database requires change encapsulation in a transaction. Transaction maintains consistency by shifting the database from one consistent state to another, protected by atomicity, isolation, and durability. This paper focuses on the isolation and parallelism allowing distributed access to the data tuple across multiple transactions. Access to the data tuple is marked by the locks applied on the row level. Locks can be shared expressing data retrieval process or exclusive intended to change the values of the columns. The general locking rule takes the lock before the operation and releases it just after the operation or at the end of the transaction. Oracle database, however, does not release the lock physically, whereas the data block access would be necessary to be reloaded during the transaction approval. Therefore, this paper aims in optimizing the process of unlocking data before the data retrieval process using multiple strategies.
Natural Language Processing in Translation of Relational Languages
Authors:   Department of Computer Science Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University Banska Bystrica, Slovakia, Dudaš Adam , Skrinarova Jarmila
Published: March 2023

Methods of data manipulation in combination with sturcture of the data and integrity constraints define data model used in the relational databases. This article focuses on the methods and processes of operation sets which are used for selection of data from relational database and translation between various formats of this manipulation. The article presents the design, implementation and experimental evaluation of tool for translating between relational algebra, tuple relational calculus, Structured Query Language and unrestricted natural language in all directions. Presented software tool translates from natural language with the use of artificial intelligence methods for natural language processing, syntactic analysis and parsing. Generative pretrained transformer of third generation (GPT3) based Codex – Davinci translation model was used as an artificial intelligence method used in the workflow of translation from English language to relational languages.
Monaco Support for an Improved Exception Specification in C++
Authors:   Faculty of Informatics Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary, Fulop Endre , Gyen Attila , Pataki Norbert
Published: March 2023

Exception handling is a beneficial language construct in modern programming languages. However, C++’s type system does not really conform to these elements. As a consequence, developers have to pay attention to avoid mistakes because of the missing compiler support. Moreover, C++11 provides an approach in which exceptions appear in the function’s signature in an inverse manner compared to the earlier standards. Static analysis is an approach in which we reason about a program based on the source with no execution of the analyzed code. It can be used for many purposes, for instance, finding bugs, refactoring the code, or measuring code complexity. In this paper, we analyze how the older style exception specifications can be rejuvenated for modern idioms. Explicitly marking the functions as having a guaranteed exception-free execution is the primary way since C++11. We develop a static analyzer tool for providing hints for these specifications. We evaluate our method with the analysis of open-source projects. Based on the previous evaluation, not using the strictest possible exception-specification is a problem that occurred in every analyzed project. We would like to assist developers in identifying instances of this problem by providing an integrated comprehension tool, that enables them to make use of the exception analysis results in an interactive way in their IDEs.
Metamodel-based Language Definition with Python
Authors:   Department of Computers and Informatics, Technical University of Košice, Slovakia, Chodarev Sergej , Ilyas Sharoon
Published: March 2023

Most of the parser tools are concentrated on concrete syntax and grammar definition. This paper describes a language definition tool that uses a metamodel specification instead of grammar as the basis of the language definition. Inspired by a similar Java tool known as YAJCo, the metamodel is defined using usual object-oriented techniques—as classes in the Python programming language, and the result of the parsing process is a graph of objects. The tool is demonstrated in a case study of a simple imperative programming language. We explain our design decisions and also demonstrate the suitability of a dynamic language such, as Python, for this task.
Czech teens’ experiences with sexting on Instagram
Authors:   Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic, Šaloun Petr , Kolarova Michaela , Klement Milan , Bartek Kvetoslav , Andrešič David ,   VSB - Technical University of Ostrava. Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic., Malčık Martin
Published: March 2023

The text focuses on dangerous phenomena in communication via online platforms. It defines the key terms for this area and informs about the selected research conducted in the Czech Republic. In our own research, we focused on the issue of teenage sexting on a specific communication platform - Instagram. This platform is very popular among Czech teenagers, as it is worldwide. The platform very often ranks among the top 3 most popular platforms, it allows sending and sharing both text and graphic messages - pictures, gifs and video sequences. In 2021, we conducted an online research survey among nearly 3,500 respondents aged 15 - 20. We were interested in whether and to what extent the respondents have experienced sexting, what is the ratio of male to female recipients of sexting or sexual content, who is the most frequent sender of sexting content etc. We were also interested in the topic of safety in social networks. The results of the survey then show a greater need to promote information literacy, computational thinking and safe behavior on social networks as well as safe use of ICT.
Some Aspects about Visualization of Natural Semantics for a Selected Domain-Specific Language
Authors:   Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovakia, Steingartner William Steingartner , Radaković Davorka Radaković ,   University of Novi Sad Faculty of Sciences Department of Mathematics and Informatics Novi Sad, Serbia, Zsiga Richard ,   Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovakia
Published: March 2023

In this article, we present a practical way to visualize natural semantics calculations for a selected domain-specific language for motion control of a robot in an orthogonal grid. Natural semantics is important from the point of view of verifying the properties of the language and for expressing the dynamics of the calculation and the construction of a set of states during the calculation. Domain-specific languages are used more and more in practice, therefore their inclusion in the curriculum of the subject Semantics of Programming Languages is a significant innovation of the traditional way of teaching the semantics of (mostly) imperative languages. In the article, we present the basics of the natural semantics of the robot language and its software visualization. For this, we have developed an application, the use of which is of great importance in the teaching itself and allows students to easily understand the basics of formal semantics thanks to interactivity.
Collecting Code Coverage from UI Testing
Authors:   Department of Computers and Informatics Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Technical University of Kosice, Kosice, Slovakia, Gurbal Filip Gurbal , Poruban Jaroslav
Published: March 2023

When testers design test cases based only on specification, they can introduce significant redundancies into them and also create gaps of untested software. More insight into the impact of test cases on implementation can guide testers to design more effective test cases to cover implementation and prevent redundancies to save time. In this paper we describe challenges of UI tester and how we can help them using coverage analysis of UI source code. We prepared infrastructure to automatically collect code coverage data from UI testing for further analysis.
Creating computer games that are controlled by EEG helmets
Authors:   Department of Computer Science Matej Bel University Banská Bystrica, Slovakia, Voštinár Patrik , Šrobár Michal
Published: March 2023

Electroencephalography (EEG) and a braincomputer interface (BCI) are relatively young technologies, that in some cases could replace the classic computer mouse control. We are using EEG and BCI to control computer games, which have always been very popular with people of all ages. In the paper, we focus on using the Epoc helmet for controlling two games, which we created in the Unity game engine. In the first game "Ball and Mind" the player's task is to navigate a ball from start to finish through a maze. The second game, "Objector of Mind“, is focused on avoiding obstacles with an Epoc helmet. The player controls a cube and he has to avoid obstacles that come to him with a gap.
Visualization Tool for Structural Operational Semantics of Simple Imperative Language
Authors:   Department of Computers and Informatics Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Technical University of Kosice, Kosice, Slovakia, Tsimbolynets Vitalii , Perhač Jan
Published: March 2023

We teach the subject of the semantics of programming languages at the graduate level, where we present different approaches to the definition of formal semantics for imperative languages. In this paper, we present a new teaching tool for visualization of semantics computation of a toy imperative language by the small-step semantic method. We have developed a responsive web application that simulates a computation of a program’s semantics as is done by hand on a blackboard.
Bibliographic analysis on real estate finance literature: A study on articles in Web of Science Core Collection Database
Authors: KOMŞUOĞLU YILMAZ Nurgün
Published: March 2023

The aim of this study is to make a bibliographic analysis of the articles published between 1993-2022 in the journals indexed in the database Web of Science Core Collection Database on the subject of “Real Estate Finance”. Web of Science Core Collection Database was used in the preparation of the data file to be used in the research. 1405 articles included in the research were determined by filtering the search for the term “Real Estate” with the term “finance”, “financing” or “financial”. 7730 publications were narrowed down to “Citation Topics Meso: Economics”, “Web of Science Categories: Business Finance”, Document Type: Article” and “Publication Years:1993-2022”. The data file obtained by collecting the “full record and cited references” records of these articles was cleaned. Statistical analyses were carried out through R-Based Biblioshiny application. The results of the research indicate that the interest in Real Estate Finance in the literature continues to increase. Leading journals in this field are Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Journal of Property Investment & Finance, and Real Estate Economics; the leading authors were determined to be Liow KH and Ling DC. Within the scope of the study, the current state of the literature on real estate finance was examined and the trends for future research were revealed.
Briquettes Of Activated Corncob Charcoal Burning Characteristics
Authors: Raharjo Sapto , Lestari Lina , Saleh Ismail , Nyoman Sudiana I , Dewi Anita
Published: March 2023

This study aims to find out and analyze the characteristics of briquettes in burning activated corn charcoal. The preparation procedure of this study includes material collection, carbonization, crushing, sifting through an 80-mesh sieve, activation, merging with adhesives, compaction, and drying. Sago powder is used as an adhesive with a mass ratio of 9:1. After being heated separately at 550°C and 650°C for 30 minutes and 20 minutes, the samples were compressed at various pressures. Another difference in compaction pressure also leads to similar results. Untreated corn cob briquettes reach their maximum temperature before activated corn cob briquettes. At an activation value of 550°C for 30 minutes and a compaction pressure of 70.33 kg/cm2, the highest combustion temperature was 528°C. In this study, it can be identified characteristics that can improve the burning efficiency of corn charcoal. This research has implications for better combustion efficiency, can reveal factors that affect combustion efficiency.
What Kant Should Have Said About Fichte (But Did Not)
Authors: Tse Plato ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2023

What philosophical reasons are there that could ground Kant’s Declaration in 1799 against Fichte’s Doctrine of Science? To answer this question, the present paper reconstructs what Kant could have said but did not. The first section traces the possible peer influences on Kant’s stance toward Fichte expressed in the Declaration and derives from it what Kant conceived to be the problems with the Doctrine of Science. The second section establishes three formation conditions for transcendental paralogisms. The third section proposes a Fichtean variant of paralogism and shows how in Fichte’s case the three formation conditions obtain.
The Experience of Catholic Physicians
Authors: Kraus Elena , Buskmiller Cara ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: March 2023

Catholic physicians who believe that the Church offers a positive, intellectually compelling, and beautiful religion have a unique experience in their work and life. These physicians often encounter a particular difficulty related to mischaracterization of Catholic doctrines as restrictive, impersonal, or even disrespectful of human freedom. Multiple physician stories are briefly recounted as examples of these experiences. This difficulty is most painfully encountered when professional colleagues absorb scandal, factual errors about the teachings, negative stereotypes, or incompatible ideologies. The Catholic physician can address this difficulty with tact, witness, and gentle discussion of Catholic doctrine and the natural consequences of ethical and ideological missteps in mainstream medicine.
On the Liceity of Previable Induction of Labor
Authors: Vincelette Alan ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: March 2023

An ongoing debate in Catholic bioethical circles today centers around the liceity of inducing labor in a woman with a healthy previable fetus in order to save her life. Many Catholic bioethicists have defended the view that such inductions are morally licit even though the fetus itself has no medical issues and it is the combination of the pregnancy along with a weakened heart of the mother that is causing problems. Typically the basis for this view is the procedure’s satisfaction of the four criteria of the principle of double effect, namely: the act itself is not evil, the evil effect is not intended, the evil effect is not produced by means of the good effect, and there is proportionate reason for the procedure. A few Catholic bioethicists have worried that the procedure does not satisfy the fourth criterion, the principle of proportionate reason. Here I present arguments showing that it is also unlikely to satisfy the first criterion, that the act itself is not evil. This hinges on the principle that it is only permissible to perform acts from which evil effects follow necessarily when such acts only directly target a pathology. Fortunately such vital conflict cases are rare and hopefully medical advances will eliminate them.
Digital Reconfigurations of Collective Identity on Twitter
Authors: Longo Anthony ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2023

Digital technology has prompted philosophers to rethink some of the fundamental categories we use to make sense of the world and ourselves. Particularly, the concept of ‘identity’ and its reconfiguration in the digital age has sparked much debate in this regard. While many studies have addressed the impact of the digital on personal and social identities, the concept of ‘collective identity’ has been remarkably absent in such inquiries. In this article, I take the context of social movements as an entry point to discuss the reconfiguration of collective identity in social media environments. I do so by introducing a narrative approach to collective identity. I argue that Twitter’s affordances invite new ways of constructing collective identities and imply a shifting relationship between the individual and the collective.
Rules of Registration and Formation of Commercial Companies According to the Laws of Afghanistan
Authors: Hemat Toryalai , Sekandary Muhammad Ibrahim , Stanikzai Amin
Published: March 2023

Aim: The primary goal of this research study is to clarify and identify the provisions related to the formation and registration of commercial companies in Afghanistan's statutory law for readers, particularly businessmen.

Methods: The doctrinal research methodology and descriptive, explanatory, and analytical research approaches are used in this work. It is worth mentioning that this research study is entirely based on library sources.

Results: The study found that the rules and regulations related to the formation and registration of commercial companies are simply and clearly mentioned in Afghan law. In many cases, international standards have been observed on the basis that businessmen can easily establish companies. In the Afghan commercial code, there is no explanation regarding the registration and formation of the cooperative companies. However, there is a special code related to cooperative companies, and all topics related to cooperative companies are discussed in that law. Furthermore, different special conditions and principles apply during formation of each type of commercial companies as stipulated by Afghan commercial codes.

Conclusion: The study concluded that commercial companies are divided into five types in the Afghan commercial code.

Recommendation: The study recommend Ministry of Commerce and relevant agencies to develop public awareness programs for investors regarding Afghan laws. Most businessmen do registration and formation of companies through third parties who are not very informed about relevant principles. This method may cause conflicts between the partners.
Menjaga Kesehatan Mental dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: Pakungwati Sukma , Desti Anggraeni Rara
Published: March 2023

Kesehatan mental bagi seseorang adalah hal terpenting bagi kehidupan nya dikarenakan apabila seseorang tersebut mengalami ganggu kesehatan mental pada dirinya maka akan mengakibatkan terjadinya gangguan mental. Pada hal ini dikatakan bahwa masyarakat harus memiliki peranan terpenting dari kesehatan mental seseorang baik orang tua, guru ataupun lingkungan keluarga dengan lingkungan masyarakat agar tidak tingginya kelainan yang terjadi akibat kurangnya pengetahuan seseorang mengenai kesehatan mental. Pada artikel ini akan membahas mengenai kesehatan mental menurut perspektif Islam. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mengenai kesehatan mental menurut perspektif Islam dengan menggunakan metode studi literatur yang di dapatkan dari membaca berbagai buku, jurnal, dan terbitan- terbitan lain yang berkaitan dengan kesehatan mental.

Kata Kunci : Kesehatan mental, perpspektif islam, agama
Hakikat Manusia Dalam Konsep Al Qur’an dan Sains
Authors: Fajrussalam Hisny , Fitriyanti Dini , Putri Sartika , Rahayu Khoerunnisa Sulistia
Published: March 2023

The nature of man, when linked from the point of view of science and the point of view of the Qur'an, has many links. The interrelation of one of them is in terms of the process of human creation. In the Qur'an, it is explained that the process of human creation has two different types, name derived from solid objects and liquid objects. Solid matter means that man was created from the essence of the soil, and liquid value implies that man was created from semen.    The nature of man, when linked from the point of view of science and the point of view of the Qur'an, has many links. The interrelation of one of them is in terms of the process of human creation. In the Qur'an, it is explained that the process of human creation has two different types derived from solid and liquid objects. Solid matter means that man was created from the essence of the soil, and liquid value implies that man was created from semen.  The nature of man, when linked from the point of view of science and the point of view of the Qur'an, has many links. The interrelation of one of them is in terms of the process of human creation. In the Qur'an, it is explained that the process of human creation has two different types, namely derived from solid objects and liquid objects. Solid matter means that man was created from the essence of the soil, and liquid matter means that man was created from semen.  This article aims to explore more detailed information related to humans in the context of the Quran and science and what are the similarities in perception between humans according to the science of the Quran. The research method used is the study of literature from the Qur'an and other supporting literature books as a guide in writing this article. The study show that humans, as caliphs/leaders on this earth, have a great duty and responsibility for the benefit of the people. The process of human creation described in science already exists and is clearly stated in the Qur'an
Konaklama İşletmelerinde Robotların Kullanımı Hakkında Çalışanların Algıları: Bursa Örneği
Authors: DOĞAN Medine , GENÇER Kansu
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmada, Bursa’da bulunan otel işletmeleri çalışanlarının otellerde robotların görev almasına yönelik algılarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Algıların ölçümüne yönelik yapılan bu araştırma ile turizmde robotlaşma konusunda alanyazına ve sektöre katkı sunulması düşünülmektedir. Araştırma kapsamında Bursa ilinde 3, 4 ve 5 yıldızlı otellerde görev yapan 200 otel personeline anket uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın 2022 yılında pandemi sürecinin bitmesine yakın bir zamanda yapılması nedeniyle bu sürecin etkilerini de yansıtabilecek bir nitelikte olduğu söylenebilir. Bölgede daha önce bu kapsamda bir çalışmaya rastlanmamış olması ve bölgenin turizmde öne çıkan bir destinasyon olması da çalışmanın önemini arttıran diğer bir unsur olarak görülmektedir. Bu çalışma ile turizmde robotikleşmenin sektör çalışanlarınca nasıl algılandığının tespit edilmesinin ileride yapılacak çalışmalara da yol göstereceği düşünülmektedir. Araştırma sonucunda turizm sektöründe yüzyüze iletişimin personel tarafından daha çok tercih edildiği ve yüzyüze temas gerektirmeyen bazı görevlerde daha hızlı olacakları düşüncesiyle robotların kullanılmasının uygun olacağı görüşleri gözlenmiştir. Bu araştırma Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Bilimsel Araştırma Etiği Kurulu 03/02/2023 tarih ve 62 sayılı Etik Kurul Onayı alınarak gerçekleştirilmiştir.