bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Large scale operational soil moisture mapping from passive MW radiometry: SMOS product evaluation in Europe & USA
Authors: Deng Khidir Abdalla Kwal , Petropoulos George , LAMINE Salim , Pavlides Andrew , Bao Yansong , Suman Swaiti , Guan Yuanhong
Published: March 2020

Earth Observation (EO) allows deriving from a range of sensors, often globally, operational estimates of surfacesoil moisture (SSM) at range of spatiotemporal resolutions. Yet, an evaluation of the accuracy of those productsin a variety of environmental conditions has been often limited. In this study, the accuracy of the SMOS SSMglobal operational product across 2 continents (USA, and Europe) and a range of land use/cover types is investigated.SMOS predictions were compared against near concurrent in-situ SSM measurements from theFLUXNET observational network. In total, 7 experimental sites were used to assess the accuracy of SMOS derivedsoil moisture for 2 complete years of observations (2010–2011). The accuracy of the SMOS SSM product isinvestigated in different seasons for the seasonal cycle as well as different continents and land use/cover types.Results showed a generally reasonable agreement between the SMOS product and the in-situ soil moisturemeasurements in the 0–5 cm soil moisture layer. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) in most cases was close to 0.1m3 m−3 (minimum 0.067m3 m−3). With a few exceptions, Pearson’s correlation coefficient was found up toapprox. 55%. Grassland, shrublands and woody savanna land cover types attained a satisfactory agreementbetween satellite derived and in-situ measurements but needleleaf forests had lower correlation. Better agreementwas found for the grassland sites in both continents. Seasonally, summer and autumn underperformedspring and winter. Our study results provide supportive evidence of the potential value of this operationalproduct for meso-scale studies in a range of practical applications, helping to address key challenges presentnowadays linked to food and water security.
BUNGA TAGETES ERECTA L
Authors: Aulu Ronald Nersada Eryono
Published: March 2020

Sebagian besar tanaman herba dalam keluarga bunga matahari. Tanaman ini digambarkan sebagai genus oleh Carl Linnaeus pada tahun 1753. Genus berasal dari Amerika Utara dan Amerika Selatan. Diterjemahkan dalam bahasa Inggris disebut big Marigold, bahasa latin Tagetes Erecta L adalah genus tahunan dan abadi, Bunga tahi ayam sering disebut sebagai kenikir, randa kencana dan ades (Indonesia), tahi kotok (Sunda), amarello (Filipina), African Marigold, Astec Marigold, American Marigold, Big Marigold (Inggris).Tagetes Erecta L, termasuk ke dalam keluarga Compositae (Asteraceae) dan mempunyai 59 species.
The development and psychometric properties of a self-report Catastrophising Questionnaire
Authors: Pike Alexandra C , Serfaty Jade , Robinson Oliver Joe
Published: March 2020

Catastrophising is a cognitive process that can be defined as predicting the worst possible outcome. It has been shown to be related to psychiatric diagnoses such as depression and anxiety, yet there are no self-report questionnaires specifically measuring it outside the context of pain research. Here, we therefore develop a novel, comprehensive self-report measure of general catastrophising. We performed five online studies (total n=734), in which we created and refined a Catastrophising Questionnaire, and used a factor analytic approach to understand its underlying structure. We also assessed convergent and discriminant validity, and analysed test-retest reliability. Furthermore, we tested the ability of Catastrophising Questionnaire scores to predict relevant clinical variables over and above other questionnaires. Finally, we also developed a four-item short version of this questionnaire. We found that our questionnaire is best fit by a single underlying factor, and shows convergent and discriminant validity. Exploratory factor analyses indicated that catastrophising is independent from other related constructs, including anxiety and worry. Moreover, we demonstrate incremental validity for this questionnaire in predicting diagnostic and medication status. Finally, we demonstrate that our Catastrophising Questionnaire has good test-retest reliability (Intra-Class-Correlation Coefficient=0.77, p<.001). Critically, we can now, for the first time, obtain detailed self-report data on catastrophising.
The Search for Predictable Moral Partners: Predictability and Moral (Character) Preferences
Authors: Turpin Martin Harry , Walker Alexander C. , Fugelsang Jonathan Albert , Sorokowski Piotr , Grossmann Igor , Bialek Michal
Published: March 2020

Across six studies (N = 1,988 US residents and 81 traditional people of Papua), participants judged agents acting in sacrificial moral dilemmas. Utilitarian agents, described as opting to sacrifice a single individual for the greater good, were perceived as less predictable and less moral than deontological agents whose inaction resulted in five people being harmed. These effects generalize to a non-Western sample of the Dani people, a traditional indigenous society of Papua, and persist when controlling for homophily and notions of behavioral typicality. Notably, deontological agents are no longer morally preferred when the actions of utilitarian agents are made to seem more predictable. Lastly, we find that peoples’ lay theory of predictability is flexible and multi-faceted, but nevertheless understood and used holistically in assessing the moral character of others. On the basis of our findings, we propose that assessments of predictability play an important role when judging the morality of others.
Beyond “liberals” and “conservatives”: Complexity in ideology, moral intuitions, and worldview among Swedish voters
Authors: Nilsson Artur , Montgomery Henry , Dimdins Girts , Sandgren Maria , Erlandsson Arvid , Taleny Adrian
Published: March 2020

This research investigated the congruence between the ideologies of political parties and the ideological preferences (N = 1515), moral intuitions (N = 1048), and political values and worldviews (N = 1345) of diverse samples of Swedish adults who voted or intended to vote for the parties. Logistic regression analyses yielded support for a series of hypotheses about variations in ideology beyond the left-right division. With respect to social ideology, resistance to change and binding moral intuitions predicted stronger preference for a social democratic (vs. progressive) party on the left and weaker preference for a social liberal (vs. social conservative or liberal-conservative) party on the right. With respect to political values and broader worldviews, normativism and low acceptance of immigrants predicted the strongest preference for a nationalist party, while environmentalism predicted the strongest preference for a green party. The effects were generally strong and robust when we controlled for left-right self-placements, economic ideology, and demographic characteristics. These results show that personality variation in the ideological domain is not reducible to the simplistic contrast between “liberals” and “conservatives”, which ignores differences between progressive and non-progressive leftists, economic and green progressives, social liberal and conservative rightists, and nationalist and non-nationalist conservatives.
Accumulation is late and brief in preferential choice
Authors: Edmunds Charlotte E R , Bose Devdeepta , Camerer Colin , Mullett Timothy L , Stewart Neil
Published: March 2020

Preferential choices are often explained using models within the evidence accumulation framework: value drives the drift rate at which evidence is accumulated until a threshold is reached and an option is chosen. Although rarely stated explicitly, almost all such models assume that decision makers have knowledge at the onset of the choice of all available attributes and options. In reality however, choice information is viewed piece-by-piece, and is often not completely acquired until late in the choice, if at all. Across four eye-tracking experiments, we show that whether the information was acquired early or late is irrelevant in predicting choice: all that matters is whether or not it was acquired at all. Models with potential alternative assumptions were posited and tested, such as 1) accumulation of instantaneously available information or 2) running estimates as information is acquired. These provided poor fits to the data. We are forced to conclude that participants either are clairvoyant, accumulating using information before they have looked at it, or delay accumulating evidence until very late in the choice, so late that the majority of choice time is not time in which evidence is accumulated. Thus, although the evidence accumulation framework may still be useful in measurement models, it cannot account for the details of the processes involved in decision making.
Conceptual replication of Seo (2008), “Self-efficacy as a mediator in the relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and academic procrastination”
Authors: Williams Matt N , Marshall-Edwards Shoni
Published: March 2020

Self-oriented perfectionism is the tendency to set high standards for oneself and evaluate one’s behaviour accordingly. Based on a study of 792 students in Korea, Seo (2008) reported finding a negative relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and academic procrastination—i.e., the tendency to procrastinate on academic tasks. Furthermore, Seo found that this relationship was completely mediated by self-efficacy. Seo’s study has been influential in the literature but has not been independently replicated. In this study we report a conceptual replication utilising 575 students from OECD countries and a cross-sectional survey design. A detailed preregistration (including data processing and analysis syntax) was lodged in advance of data collection at https://osf.io/xfvd8. Both ordinary least squares regression and structural equation modelling were used to test hypotheses. We found no evidence of a bivariate relationship between self-oriented perfectionism academic procrastination in either set of analyses, meaning that we were unable to reproduce one of Seo’s two key findings. However, we did find evidence of a small and negative indirect effect of self-oriented perfectionism on academic procrastination via self-efficacy, reproducing part of the mediation model reported by Seo.
Methodological Advances in Motor Learning and Development
Authors: Lohse Keith
Published: March 2020

This editorial introduces a special issue entitled "Methodological Advances in Motor Learning and Development" at the Journal of Motor Learning and Development. As the guest editor for the special issue, I present a brief discussion of each article, plus some of my own thoughts on methodology, open science, and scientific progress in our discipline.
How Much Is That Gamete in the Window? Embryos, Policy, and the Law
Authors: Johnstone Rachael
Published: March 2020

Malgré une règlementation développée, soit la Loi de 2014 sur la procréation assistée (LPA) et son règlement d’application de 2007 fondé sur le consentement, le désaccord persiste sur le cadre approprié pour résoudre les différends relatifs aux embryons et aux gamètes au Canada. Le paysage juridique est dominé par des cadres basés sur la propriété et le consentement, qui sont souvent considérés comme contradictoires. Dans le présent article, je soutiens que la catégorisation des embryons et des gamètes en tant que propriété, comme dans une récente affaire judiciaire ontarienne qui a fait jurisprudence, SH c DH (2018), n’empêche pas l’utilisation d’un cadre fondé sur le consentement, et ne mènera pas nécessairement non plus à la commercialisation du matériel de reproduction. Cela dit, je préconise l’adoption d’un cadre juridique basé sur le consentement, comme celui qui est établi dans la LPA pour gérer l’utilisation du matériel de reproduction au Canada. Je soutiens que le cadre fondé sur le droit de propriété a conduit à une commercialisation inadmissible du matériel de reproduction dans d’autres pays et que cette catégorisation risque de limiter l’autonomie de reproduction et de perpétuer l’inégalité.
Study of PDC drill bit crown shape for design optimization: angle of blade inclination aspect
Authors: Pryhorovska Т. О. , Pryhorovskyi O. V.
Published: March 2020

The article studies PDC-type bit operation, in particular, the redistribution of loads on drill bit blades is simulated, depending on “cutter-rock” contact areas, which is determined by a drill bit design. This work aims at PDC bit design optimization, namely to study the effect of the blade angle to the horizontal axis on the torque generated by the bit. The study is based on the Voitanovich and Kuru’s model of Voitanovich and Kuru’s and has its core at determining the balance of forces acting on a single cutter. The scientific novelty of the work is that two areas of contact are considered for each cutter – the on the front and side surfaces. Also, it is hypothesized that the force of the reaction of the pore is directed towards the placement of heterogeneities of the rock. This approach makes it possible to consider the fluctuations of the bits due to the instability of the cutting forces, which in turn are caused by the instability of the properties of the fractured rocks (first of all, their structural heterogeneity).The spatial shape of the PDC cutter crown was studied, characterized primarily by the shape of its upper part, which in turn is characterized by the angle of inclination of the cutting part of the cutter. Contact areas for each cutter, the volume of the destroyed rock depending on the location of the cutter, as well as the loading for a single cutter, the torque for the whole blade and the bit were simulated in the work. The angles of inclination of the blade to the horizontal axis at which the minimum / maximum torques are observed are determined.Changing the inclination of the cutting part causes the redistribution of the destroyed rock volumes. This section dealt with worn-out chisels, and the load was distributed in proportion to the volume of the destroyed rock. It was found that increasing the angle of the blade causes an increase in the total torque for the bit. A method is proposed that allows optimization of the PDC bit design. An increase in the total twisting angle and the total deflection is observed for the cutters, which are most separated from the borehole face.
Correção cirúrgica de hérnia inguinal com histerocele e maceração fetal: relato de caso
Authors: Possamai Lucas , Rorig Maria Cecilia de Lima , Erdmann Renato Herdina , Fiorin Denner Francisco Tomadon , Ferreira Caio Henrique
Published: March 2020

Inguinal hernias form when organs move through the inguinal ring, occurring most often in middle-aged non-castred animals. The hysterocele occurs when the content present in this hernia is the uterus. The objective of this study was to report the care of an adult female dog diagnosed whit inguinal hernia whose content was the uterus with macerated fetuses inside. The animal arrived at the PUCPR Veterinary Clinic with increased volume in the abdominal region and vulvar bleeding. Physical examination showed low body score, dehydration, tachycardia, with content compatible with irreducible bone fragments and manipulation of the inguinal hernia. The diagnosis was made by amdominal radiography, which revealed the presence of two fetal structures with unstructured bone calcifications. The patient was hospitalized to stabilize the clinical condition and later underwent herniorrhaphy and ovariosalpongohisterectomy. After the surgical procedures, the patient was admitted for another 24 hours, with the medical discharged instituted after that period. The return was scheduled for 10 days after medical discharge where the surgical wound presented healing aspects without evidence of secretions. This paper demonstrates the importance of diagnosis and the mechanisms required for patient stabilization and surgical correction to achieve therapeutic success.
A Green Intervention in Media Production Culture Studies: Environmental Values, Political Economy and Mobile Production
Authors: Vaughan Hunter
Published: March 2020

This article develops an interdisciplinary theoretical method for assessing the environmental values articulated and practised by dispersive or ‘mobile’ film production practices, aiming toward applicable strategies to make media practices more environmentally conscientious and sustainable. Providing a social and environmental study of the local relational values, political economy and ecosystem ramifications of runaway productions and film incentive programmes, this study draws on contemporary international green production practices as entryways into environmentally positive film industry change. Offering an overview of the potential use of a relational values approach to media production cultures, the essay uses two opposing models (the Michigan film incentive and the underwater cinematography culture of South Florida) in order to assess the political dynamics, social consequences and environmental threats of Hollywood's mobile practices – as well as their potential as sites, beyond Hollywood, to converge environmental values with local media culture.
Study of the application of gold nanoparticles for early detection of prostate cancer
Authors: Ahmadianpour Mohammad Vahid , Mowla Javad , Sotoodehnejadnematalahi Fattah , Raheb Jamshid
Published: March 2020

Studies on the blood of patients with prostate cancer using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and corona protein size changes have shown that this test is highly specific and sensitive, but this method has not been studied in Iran, and therefore this study intends to perform this procedure using gold nanoparticles in prostate cancer detection. Blood samples of 60 male subjects aged 40–90 years were collected from 20 healthy, 20 benign and 20 prostate cancer patients. Optical scattering changes were measured by the level of gold nanoparticles mixed with these sera, and the responses were compared with the PSA index (Prostate Specific Antigen) of the subjects. Results of D2/D1 ratio analysis were performed using SPSS statistical software R. No significant differences were found in the size of the corona protein structure between the three groups of males with cancer, males with benign tumor, and healthy males. No correlation was found between the light scattering concentration and PSA serum level Due to changes in ambient temperature, prolonged test duration or high IgG levels in apparently healthy individuals, this test is not feasible in Iran. Performing this test requires advanced equipment to maintain the same temperature that do not exist in Iran. DLS also has major limitations for prostate cancer detection, so it cannot be a simple and accurate method for the early detection of prostate cancer, and it is suggested that other methods be used to diagnose.
Identification of HLA-A/B/DRB1 alleles in Iranian patients with Fanconi anemia
Authors: Sayad Arezou , Dehaghi Mohammadreza Ostadali , Taheri Mohammad , Fallah Hamid , Arsang-Jang Shahram , Shadnoush Mahdi , Ghafouri-Fard Soudeh , Hamidieh Amir Ali
Published: March 2020

Fanconi anemia includes a number of clinically and genetically diverse disorders all of them being associated with genomic instability. Some previous studies reported higher frequencies of certain HLA alleles in patients with Fanconi anemia. In the current study, we genotyped HLA-A/B/DRB1 alleles in 40 Iranian patients with Fanconi anemia. We also genotyped these alleles in the same number of Iranian sex-matched healthy individuals. The frequency of DRB1*11 was significantly higher in patients compared with controls (OR (95% CI) = 2.143 [1.05, 4.46], P value = 0.036). On the other hand, the frequencies of DRB1*13 and B*13 were lower in patients compared with controls (OR (95% CI) = 0.134 [0.02, 0.55], P value = 0.003 and OR (95% CI) = 0.13 [0.01, 0.89], P value = 0.035, respectively). Assessment of genetic divergence using Fstat test showed complete divergence in HLA-A, -B, -DRB1 alleles and haplotypes between patients and controls. The current study provides evidences for different distribution of HLA alleles between patients with Fanconi anemia and healthy subjects.
SME’s use of ICT and financial services on innovation performance: The mediating role of managers’ experience
Authors: Mabula Juma Buhimila , Dongping Han , Mwakapala Lusekelo Yonah
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND:

The challenges of ever-changing technological and financial landscape call for experienced, open-minded and visionary SME managers to match the pace and be innovative to enhance firm competitive advantages. The challenges are even more rampant in Africa, characterized by noticeable technological and financial vulnerability demanding special attention.

OBJECTIVE:

This study focused on analyzing the impact of African SME use of ICT and the use of financial services on firm innovation performance. The study further, explore the mediating effect of firm manager’s experience on the firm use of ICT and financial services-innovation performance relationship.

METHODS:

Utilizing data from the enterprise survey portal, a total of 11504 SMEs from 27 countries are involved in the analysis. The analysis employed multiple regression models using SPSS 23, and the mediation effect analysis employed the Sobel test of mediation.

RESULTS:

The general results indicate a significant association of firm use of ICT and financial services on its innovation performance, with exception of the variable of firm website ownership, which had an insignificant association with its ability to introduce new products/services. Also, the results depict the SME manager’s experience to significantly mediate the firm use of ICT and use of financial services-innovation performance relationship, but out of ten, only two models had an insignificant mediation effect of the manager’s experience on the firm having its own website-innovation performance relationship.

CONCLUSION:

The study results provide a profound impact of the relevant SME managerial experience on the ability to well manage the cotemporally dynamic resources like technology and finances for enhancing firm innovation which results in increased competitive advantage.
Sensors in the care of persons with visual- or visual-and-intellectual disabilities: Use, needs, practical issues, and ethical concerns
Authors: Woensdregt Gerdien , D’Addabbo Graziana , Scholten Hans , van Alfen Claudia , Sterkenburg Paula
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND:

Sensor technology may improve the quality of life of persons with visual and/or intellectual disabilities. However, there is no general consensus on its utility and implementation.

OBJECTIVE:

In this exploratory study the aim was to provide an overview of sensors for persons with disabilities to address priorities and ethical concerns for future research.

METHODS:

Using a qualitative (Delphi) method, 17 interviews were carried out with 20 representatives in the field of visual- or visual-and-intellectual disabilities (in general: six experts in sensor technology, domotics, and eHealth, specific for persons with a visual or visual-and-intellectual disability: three client representatives; three caregivers; four care team managers; two developmental psychologists; one physician; and one paramedic; age ranges 25–61 years). Atlas.ti software was used to code data and major themes were identified using qualitative analyses.

RESULTS:

The most used sensors were for surveillance and health and the most desired were for behavior. Different sensors were considered most important for future implementation by the groups of participants, such as sensors for lighting, posture, and entertainment by client experts. Furthermore, the majority of participants agreed that sensors should be easy to use and understand and ethical issues (e.g. privacy, informed consent) should be considered.

CONCLUSION:

The current applications of sensor technology in clinical practice and future research needs were determined by interviewing experts, caregivers, and client experts.
Factors affecting information technology use from the perspective of aging persons with cognitive disabilities: A scoping review of qualitative research
Authors: Rocheleau Jessica N. , Cobigo Virginie , Chalghoumi Hajer , Jahan Alhadi , Jutai Jeffrey , Lake Johanna , Farrell Susan , Lachapelle Yves
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND:

Although aging persons with cognitive disabilities may benefit from information technologies (IT), researchers have identified barriers affecting their IT use. However, most studies do not emphasize the needs and experiences reported by these users themselves.

OBJECTIVE:

To identify factors affecting IT use from the perspective of aging persons with cognitive disabilities.

METHODS:

We conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed studies published between January 2008 and December 2018 that investigated IT use by aging persons with cognitive disabilities as reported by these individuals. Factors affecting participants’ IT use were synthesized through a thematic analysis of relevant studies’ findings.

RESULTS:

Seven studies were included in our analysis. We found technology-related (accessibility, usefulness, cost), social (support, stigma and other social pressure), and personal (experience with IT, attitudes toward IT use, functional limitations, life situation) factors related to participants’ IT use. Stigma was identified as a key barrier to IT use that has been underestimated in previous quantitative research.

CONCLUSIONS:

Understanding the role that stigma plays in the use and adoption of technology among aging persons with cognitive disabilities is critical to developing successful strategies to promote this population’s IT use.
The process and outcomes of implementing a Functional Electrical Stimulation leg cycle ergometry (FES-LCE) program in an acute rehabilitation setting following spinal cord injury
Authors: Fazio Christina , Froehlich-Grobe Katherine , Sikka Seema , Swank Chad
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND:

Evidence suggests Functional Electrical Stimulation leg cycle ergometry (FES-LCE) is beneficial for people living with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). However, approaches to implement FES-LCE during acute rehabilitation are not established.

OBJECTIVE:

Describe the process of developing and implementing a FES-LCE program for SCI patients within acute rehabilitation.

METHODS:

Implementing an FES-LCE program required developing patient inclusion/exclusion criteria, training protocols for staff, patient, and family/caregivers, and procedures for scheduling patients with devices.

RESULTS:

Our FES-LCE program experienced a 263.6% increase in utilization from 2016 (354 FES-LCE sessions) to 2017 (1,404 sessions) including 390.3% increased weekend use (31 sessions to 152 sessions). From 2016 to 2018, our evening community fitness program participation significantly increased after incorporating FES-LCE as an exercise option. Implementation barriers included patient concerns (e.g., injury level, family/caregiver support), clinician considerations (e.g., staffing, scheduling), and institutional issues (e.g., internet connectivity).

CONCLUSIONS:

FES-LCE can be successfully implemented within inpatient rehabilitation among patients with SCI, yet hinges upon ease of access for clinicians and patients. Our program allowed SCI patients to achieve use following dosing parameters without interfering in the 3-hours of activity-based therapies potential benefits. Future research should examine short- and long-term effects of FES-LCE use on patient outcomes.
Mobile health support for motor disability individuals: A review focused on holistic assessment and interventions
Authors: Siebra Clauirton A. , Souto Elaine Cappellazo
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND:

Health is a complex concept that involves diverse dimensions, such as physical condition, psychological state, and social relationships. Several mobile applications are being used to assess these dimensions and provide recommendations for behaviour changes. However, few studies consider the particularities of the motor disability (MD) population.

OBJECTIVE:

To identify (1) the current mobile support for MD individuals; (2) the health dimensions that are assessed; (3) if they consider specific interventions for the motor disability population; and (4) if health dimensions are holistically rather than individually considered to provide support for MD mobile users.

METHOD:

A systematic review was conducted to identify studies from the literature that could answer a pre-defined set of research questions.

RESULTS:

Fifteen from 111 initial studies were included in this review and they show that the mobile support presents several limitations, such as the lack of a multidimensional holist assessment and intervention process, when they intend to promote aspects of rehabilitation or prevention for the MD population.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study shows that mobile technology has a high potential to assist its users in managing overall dimensions that affect their health conditions. However, aspects of customization, holist reasoning and automated interventions still need to be considered.
CALCULATION OF THE MODERATOR TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT OF REACTIVITY FOR MINIATURE NEUTRON SOURCE REACTORS
Authors: Do Binh Quang , Nguyen Hai Hoang
Published: March 2020

This paper presents results of the evaluated group constants for fuel and other important materials of the Miniature Neutron Source Reactor (MNSR) and the moderator temperature coefficient of reactivity through global reactor calculation. In this study, the group constants were calculated with the WIMSD code and the global reactor calculation is accomplished by the CITATION code. This work also presents a method for evaluation of the moderator temperatures directly through the values of moderator temperature for MNSRs. This method provides simple analytical representation convenient for reactor kinetics calculation and reactor safety assessment.
机电安装工程造价管控因素及方法
Authors: 张 英驾
Published: March 2020

机电安装工程造价控制是建筑工程管理中十分重要的部分,工程造价的控制对工程的效益、价值有着直接的影响。文中将重点阐述建筑机电安装工程造价管理与成本控制当中存在的问题,同时提出了对应的解决对策,为更好优化建筑工程机电安装工作,给我国经济健康快速发展带来极大的帮助。
刍议绿色施工技术在房建施工中的应用
Authors: 罗 江英
Published: March 2020

当代社会人们的环保意识不断增强,节能环保,推动社会可持续发展成为共识,建筑行业作为能耗大、污染大的代表行业,引入绿色施工技术成为必然选择。在房建施工中,工程消耗资源大,在保证居住舒适、安全的同时,还要关注环境绿色环保,需要渗透节能环保理念,以减少资源损耗与环境污染为目标针对性管理,打造绿色环保型房屋建筑。本文就房建施工中绿色施工技术的应用展开分析,把握技术要点,制定改进措施解决其中的问题。
«ДУТА» МОДА ЯК КОГНІТИВНА МОДЕЛЬ ПОБУДОВИ ТРИКУТНИКА ТРЕТЬОГО ПОРЯДКУ
Authors: ХОМЧЕНКО А.Н. , ЛИТВИНЕНКО О.І. , АСТІОНЕНКО І.О.
Published: March 2020

Трикутники відіграють надзвичайно важливу роль в методі скінченних елементів (МСЕ). Робота присвячена дослідженню маловідомих властивостей «дутої» моди – внутрішньої функції десятипараметричного базису поліноміальної інтерполяції трикутного скінченного елемента. «Дуті» моди − це моди, які мають відмінні від нуля амплітуди всередині елемента і амплітуди, що дорівнюють нулю на його сторонах. У методі скінченних елементів внутрішні вузли є небажаними, тому їх виключають разом із відповідними функціями форми. Перший метод виключення наведений у монографії Р. Галлагера і полягає у процедурі конденсації стосовно матриці жорсткості елемента. Другий метод – це безпосередня модифікація функцій форми таким чином, щоб виключити степені вільності, пов’язані з внутрішніми вузлами. Е. Мітчелл наводить приклади виключення внутрішніх вузлів на комплексах і мультиплексах. На трикутному елементі третього порядку десятий вузол в барицентрі усувають, як правило, за «рецептом» Сьярле-Равьяра. В результаті конденсації (редукції) «дута» мода лишається поза увагою дослідників і не використовується в практичних розрахунках. Ми розглядаємо «дуту» моду як самостійну математичну модель і шляхом когнітивно-графічного аналізу виявляємо маловідомі особливості формоутворення поверхні і корисні аналогії. Доведено існування зв’язків «дутої» моди з поліномами Ерміта-Кунса, квадратурами Гаусса (версія Бернуллі та версія Лежандра), задачею Прандтля про кручення призматичних стержнів. У даній роботі внутрішня мода трикутного скінченного елемента третього порядку, як і решта функцій базису, вперше використовувалась для реалізації поліноміальної інтерполяції функцій двох аргументів в умовах гіпотези Лагранжа. Когнітивно-графічний аналіз поверхні «дутої» моди дозволив більш глибоко проаналізувати всі властивості цієї моделі і відкрив потенціал для створення нових базисів і оптимізації існуючих. Ми маємо чергове підтвердження відомого факту: математика завжди дає більше, ніж від неї очікують. Немає сумніву, що «дута» мода – це яскравий приклад когнітивної моделі.
МАТЕМАТИЧНЕ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ФАКТОРУ ЕВАПОТРАНСПІРАЦІЇ ПРИ ЗМІНІ РІВНЯ ҐРУНТОВИХ ВОД МІСЬКИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ
Authors: СЄРІКОВА О.М. , СТРЕЛЬНІКОВА О.О.
Published: March 2020

В роботі здійснено математичне моделювання зміни рівня ґрунтових вод (РГВ) з урахуванням впливу штучних покриттів поверхні ґрунту і евапотранспірації. Мета дослідження − підвищити точність прогнозів зміни рівня ґрунтових вод для підвищення екологічної безпеки міських територій, підтоплених ґрунтовими водами. Прогноз максимального рівня ґрунтових вод для міста Харкова, без врахування ефекту евапотранспірації на перспективу 50 років, свідчить, що на 1-й рік підйом рівня становитиме 0,03 м, а на 50-й рік – близько 1,5 м. З метою оптимізації водного балансу підземних вод для забезпечення екологічної безпеки підтоплених територій великого міста, на основі запропонованої математичної моделі було проведено балансування видаткових та прибуткових статей. Балансування відбувається при зниженні додаткового живлення в 2,4 рази, тобто додаткове живлення необхідно зменшити в середньому на 240 000 м3/добу, а також при збільшенні водовідбору з першого від поверхні водоносного горизонту в середньому в 15 разів, тобто при збільшенні водовідбору в межах м. Харків в середньому на 300 000 м3/добу. Також зроблено прогноз зміни РГВ із урахуванням дії евапотранспірації на перспективу 50 років. Під штучними покриттями на 1-й рік підйом рівня складе 0,05 м, а на 50–й рік – вже 2,56 м. На території, вільній від штучних покриттів РГВ буде стабілізований дією евапотранспірації. Таким чином, поширення площі штучних покриттів по території міста сприятиме зниженню дії евапотранспірації і стійкому підвищенню РГВ та розвитку підтоплення. Проведено оцінку адекватності запропонованої математичної моделі за фактичними даними моніторингу рівня ґрунтових вод. Оцінка адекватності проводиться на двох різних за ландшафтними умовами ділянках. Перша ділянка переважно розташована посеред приватного сектору та має вільну від покриттів поверхню. Друга ділянка практично повністю вкрита штучними покриттями. Результати розрахунків на моделі визначили тісний взаємозв’язок між розрахунковими та фактичними значеннями моніторингу рівнів підземних вод. Це свідчить про адекватність створеної математичної моделі реальним фізичним умовам.
АНАЛІЗ ЗАГАЛЬНОГО РОЗВ’ЯЗКУ ОДНОГО ЛІНІЙНОГО ОДНОРІДНОГО ДИФЕРЕНЦІАЛЬНОГО РІВНЯННЯ З ПРАВИЛЬНОЮ ОСОБЛИВОЮ ТОЧКОЮ
Authors: ТУЛУЧЕНКО Г.Я. , ГУЧЕК П.Й.
Published: March 2020

У роботі виявлено, що обране для дослідження лінійне однорідне диференціальне рівняння другого порядку, яке має правильну особливу точку, за допомогою перетворення Куммера-Ліувілля зводиться до виродженого гіпергеометричного рівняння, яке подане в формі Уіттекера. Встановлені співвідношення між коефіцієнтами заданого рівняння, виродженого гіпергеометричного рівняння у загальному вигляді та у формі Уіттекера. На основі цих співвідношень показано, що досліджуване рівняння має лише один незалежний фундаментальний розв’язок у вигляді виродженої гіпергеометричної функції. Другий фундаментальний розв’язок може бути знайдений або за допомогою метода Фробеніуса у вигляді узагальненого степеневого ряду, або виражений через функцію Трікомі. В останньому випадку загальний розв’язок досліджуваного рівняння є лінійною комбінацією функцій Уіттекера.
Remediating Sunset Park: Environmental Injustice, Danger, and Gentrification
Authors: Simpson Troy
Published: March 2020

This paper examines narratives from users and designers of a recently opened public park created via brownfield remediation processes on a historically industrial urban waterfront in the Sunset Park neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York City. Interviews reveal that designers and community members were pivotal contributors to the transformation of a site that was previously associated with danger and toxicity into something of greater ecological and social value. Designers’ visions played a key role in subsequent user experiences in the park, but community input and struggle both sparked, and drastically altered, the park’s design trajectory in an effort to claim the park as a neighborhood asset and limit the degree to which it would contribute to displacement of existing residents. This project is unique because it is a publicly funded remediation of a municipally-owned contaminated site, yet initial project designs were geared toward on-site revenue generation to fund operations. Two broad implications of this study are (a) projects of this nature can represent a paradox of activism in that it is unclear how far community activism can go to address the systemic problems associated with environmental gentrification and (b) there is a need for studies of environmental gentrification to take a granulated approach to the positive and negative aspects associated with these spaces rather than look at them as more holistically positive or negative endeavors. The multiple scales of ambiguity and ambivalence that emerged from this study are emblematic of the dynamics associated with brownfield remediation, green space creation in historically underserved communities, and environmental gentrification.
Pneumococcal Carriage Recovered from Healthy Children and Their Possible Association with Some Risk Factors in Outpatient Department of a 1000 bedded Tertiary Care Hospital at Dhaka City
Authors: Shormin Moonmoon , Shamsuzzaman SM , Mondol Md Eunus Ali , Afroz Samira , Rashed Asif
Published: March 2020

Background: Detection and monitoring of nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae is important to assess the impact and effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccine programs.

Objective: The aims of this study were to assess the nasopharyngeal colonization rate, investigate some of the risk factors for nasopharyngeal colonization with S. pneumoniae from healthy children.

Methodology: The study was conducted in the department of microbiology of Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH). Data were collected among 200 under five healthy children in different age group (13 months to 36 months), from different socioeconomic status with cramped housing condition from Pediatric OPD of Dhaka Medical College Hospital. S. pneumoniae were isolated and identified by culture, Gram staining, biochemical test and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Result: Out of 200 nasopharyngeal swabs, 67 (33.50%) were found to be carriers positive by culture and 92(46%) by PCR. The carrier rate was higher among 13 months to 36 months, low and middle socio-economic groups and among with cramped housing condition.

Conclusion: In conclusion various factors may affect the nasopharyngeal colonization with S. pneumoniae including early age of life, different socio-economic and living condition.

Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2019;6(2):48-52
Management Of Thrips Infesting Mung Bean Using Pesticides
Authors: Yasmin S , Latif MA , Ali M , Rahman MM
Published: March 2020

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of bio-pesticides and chemical insecticides namely Novastar 56EC, Stargate 48SC, Confidor 70WG, Actara 25aWG, Tracer 45SC, Ecomec 1.8EC, Bioneem plus 1EC to control thrips infesting mung bean in the experimental field of Sher-e- Bangla Agricultural University during November 2017 to February 2018. An untreated control observation was also evaluated. Efficacy of the treatments differed significantly and showed effective results in reduction of thrips population and infestation on mung bean at vegetative and reproductive growth stages of the plant. Stargate 48SC (clothianidin) was the most effective insecticide against the thrips species Megalurothrips usitatus and Thrips palmi with the highest reduction of population on top trifoliate leaves and terminal shoots (100.00 and 89.40%, respectively) at vegetative stage and reduction on flower buds and flowers (86.04 and 85.95%, respectively) at reproductive stage of mung bean. The lowest flower bud and flower infestation (7.22 and 3.41%, respectively) and shedding (4.21 and 1.06%, respectively) by thrips with the highest number of pod (23.80 plant-1), seed (10.20 pod-1), 1000 seed weight (48.40 g) and yield (1026.91 kg ha-1) were also found in Stargate 48SC treated plots followed by Confidor 70WG and Actara 25WG treatments.

SAARC J. Agri., 17(2): 43-52 (2019)
A Novel Public Key Cryptosystem and Digital Signatures
Authors: Inam Saba , Kanwal Shamsa , Zahid Adnan , Abid Maria
Published: March 2020

In this article, we develop a new algebraic public key cryptosystem, which is based on generally non-commutative ring. Firstly, we define the polynomials over the non-commutative rings and then take it as underlying work structure. The hard problem of the scheme is the mixture of matrix discrete log problem under modular classes and polynomial symmetric decomposition problem. Using matrices of higher order and large modular classes resist the brute force and other well-known attacks exists in the literature. We also discuss the computational complexity of proposed scheme. On the other hand, we propose a signature scheme over a non-commutative division semiring. The key idea behind the signature scheme is that, for a given non-commutative division semiring, we build a polynomial and then implement digital signatures on multiplicative structure of semiring.
Motorcycle crashes resulting in hospital admissions in South Australia: Crash characteristics and injury patterns
Authors: Thompson James , Baldock Matthew , Lindsay Tori
Published: March 2020

Motorcycle riders have a high risk of serious injury if they crash. To assist with identification of countermeasures, the present study examined records from the Royal Adelaide Hospital (RAH) in South Australia for 763 motorcyclists (including scooter riders) admitted between January 2008 and November 2010 and between April 2014 and December 2016. Records were linked with police-reported crash data and results of forensic blood tests for alcohol and drugs. When compared with 1617 car drivers admitted to the RAH over the same periods, motorcyclists were younger, were more commonly male, more likely to hold a learner permit, less likely to hold a provisional licence, less likely to be over the legal alcohol limit and less likely to be at-fault in multiple vehicle crashes. Their crashes were more likely to be single vehicle crashes (specifically roll over, left road – out of control and hit object/animal/pedestrian on road crashes) and were more common on weekends, during the afternoon, on sloping roads, on curved roads, on roads with speed limits of 50 and 80 km/h, during daylight hours, in dry weather and on dry roads. They had a higher severity of injury than car drivers, spent longer in hospital, and were more likely to sustain injuries to multiple body regions. Linear regression showed that older age, higher blood alcohol concentration and higher speed limit increased injury severity for motorcyclists. Based on present findings, motorcycling safety can be improved through countermeasures related to Graduated Licensing Systems, infrastructure, motorcycle technology and protective clothing.
Vertentes da pesquisa brasileira sobre a metodologia de jogos nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem de Matemática nos anais do ENEM
Authors: Lemes Jean Carlos , Marcatto Flávia Sueli Fabiani
Published: March 2020

Nesse artigo, apresentamos um mapeamento realizado nos anais do Encontro Nacional de Educação Matemática (ENEM), no período de 2001 a 2016, que se propôs a investigar o uso de jogos no ensino-aprendizagem de Matemática. Selecionamos e organizamos os trabalhos de acordo com a identificação de temáticas convergentes e divergentes, nas Comunicações Científicas (CC) e Relatos de Experiência (RE). A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa e apoiou-se na análise documental. Observamos que a metodologia de jogos auxilia a ludicidade, a motivação e o interesse dos alunos, procura desenvolver e significar conceitos matemáticos. Essa abordagem pode favorecer o uso da linguagem e a formação de relações sociais a partir de uma perspectiva metodológica que incentive o pensamento crítico, a investigação, a elaboração de estratégias e a reflexão sobre o erro.
VACCINES FOR COVID-19: PERSPECTIVES, PROSPECTS, AND CHALLENGES BASED ON CANDIDATE SARS, MERS, AND ANIMAL CORONAVIRUS VACCINES
Authors: Saif Linda  J.
Published: March 2020

Several coronaviruses (CoV) are widespread in humans and cause only mild upper respiratory infections and colds; however, pandemic outbreaks of more severe coronavirus infections in humans have become more prevalent. The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (betaCoV Lineage B) caused the first pandemic of the 21st century in 2002–2003, with its epicentre in China. The Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus (betaCoV Lineage C) emerged almost a decade later and infections continue in the Middle East. Now, only 7 years after MERS, the COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 (betaCoV Lineage B) has emerged, again in China, as an even more devastating pandemic. Its occurrence was not unexpected, because like SARS, for which the host origin was bats, scientists had previously identified SARS-like CoV in these animals in China. Based on sequence analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 genome, it is more closely related to SARS (80%) and to one bat RaTG13 SARS-like CoV (96%) than to MERS CoV (54%).
Attenuating oneself
Authors: Limanowski Jakub , Friston Karl
Published: March 2020

In this paper, we address reports of “selfless” experiences from the perspective of active inference and predictive processing. Our argument builds upon grounding self-modelling in active inference as action planning and precision control within deep generative models – thus establishing a link between computational mechanisms and phenomenal selfhood. We propose that “selfless” experiences can be interpreted as (rare) cases in which normally congruent processes of computational and phenomenal self-modelling diverge in an otherwise conscious system. We discuss two potential mechanisms – within the Bayesian mechanics of active inference – that could lead to such a divergence by attenuating the experience of selfhood: “self-flattening” via reduction in the depth of active inference and “self-attenuation” via reduction of the expected precision of self-evidence.