bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of railway infrastructure with parallel courses for direction Znamyanka–Odessa
Authors: Vernyhora R. V. , Papakhov O. Yu. , Logvinova N. O.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. A ground for optimization of vehicular work on direction Znamyanka–Odessa is related to distributing the transportation process over parallel courses and introducing the energy saving technology. Analysis of dynamics of changes in flows of goods and trains directed to ports of the Odessa region: Analysis of basic toplevel loads which leave ports of the Odessa region for export. Organization of car traffic volumes in freight trains determined by the level of load of transport technical means, distributing the sorting and marshalling work among the station and points of departure. Organization of passing the car traffic volumes is characterized by uneven correlation of run of empty cars to the general freight run. Analysis of density of car traffic volumes. Analysis of railway infrastructure on direction with parallel courses Znamyanka–Odessa: Infrastructure of railway direction Znamya–Odessa allows organizing the traffic of trains jointly on the track section Znamyanka–Pomoshnaya with the subsequent dividing into two parallel directions: Pomoshnaya–Kolosovka–Odessa-sorting and Pomoshnaya–Kotovsk–Razdelnaya–Odessa-Zastava-1. The analysis of traffic amounts of passenger and freight trains is conducted on parallel courses of direction for period 2000–2011. Conclusion: The necessity of redistribution of train traffic volumes from the basic direction to auxiliary one is grounded that will allow selecting the reserve of carrying capacity for organization of motion of high-speed passenger trains.
Determination of time cycle engines of devices used in locomotive repair
Authors: Dubinech L. V. , Marenich O. L. , Matko A. N.
Published: May 2023

Reasonability of determination the hour characteristics of engine cycle depending on peculiarities of technological process, which is executed with a help of certain equipment, is shown in the article. The corresponding methodology is given.
Substantiation of a heuristic algorithm in the knapsack problem
Authors: Bosov A. A. , Gorbova A. V. , Khalipova N. V.
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Formed knapsack problem in terms of set functions and is a heuristic algorithm. The goal: to prove that the heuristic algorithm is essential. Some facts from [2]. The equivalence of the limit order to E.Borelyu and convergence in measure. The theorem about the need to set a maximum of function. The situation is quite the algorithm: We present three cases where a heuristic algorithm is sufficient. Counterexample: An Rear take from [1], and given the addition heuristic algorithm, which allows to obtain the solution of the knapsack problem. Vector optimization: With the knapsack problem is tied vector optimization of investment activities. Conclusions: The proposed algorithm for solving the knapsack problem and for additive functions algorithm for Pareto solutions of vector optimization for the two indicators. Appendix: an agenda for the Maple solutions knapsack problem.
The way of goods ranking increasing conversion rate and order gross margin on online store
Authors: Flaks V. L.
Published: May 2023

There is online store goods ranking problem observed and solving method is proposed.
Composition of positions for car-repair flexible flow and method of car transportation among them by means of transporter
Authors: Myamlin V. V. , Myamlin S. V. , Azimov R. R. , Mihalchuk A. M.
Published: May 2023

Main causes affecting adversely functioning the traditional car-repair flow lines are defined. The composition of car-repair section using non-synchronous and flexible flow of cars repair is proposed. Design features of different transport vehicles for moving the rolling stock among parallel tracks are analyzed. A method for moving the units among the positions of flexible car-repair flow is described. The operational principle and design features of proposed transporter are demonstrated.
To the question of reliability and durability ballastless deck of bridge
Authors: Prystynskaya V. V.
Published: May 2023

The principal causes of operational defects in bridge ballastless deck plates are considered in the article. The drawbacks of these plates construction that prevent from achieving a higher level of bridge framework reliability and durability have been analysed.
Railway transportation commerce – the effective remedy of increase of its competitiveness
Authors: Eytutis D. G.
Published: May 2023

Components of competitiveness of the enterprises of a railway transportation and factors which influence them are investigated.
Financial resources management during major overhaul of main facilities of railway transport in the process of its reforming
Authors: Lomtieva I. M. , Snachiov M. P. , Shalenyi O. M.
Published: May 2023

In the article some directions of financing the programs of updating and modernizing the main facilities of the railways of Ukraine in the conditions of reforming the railway transport are considered.
Analysis of modern cargo flows in Ukraine and directions of their development
Authors: Sadlovska I. P.
Published: May 2023

Realization of analysis of traffics of goods after the types of transport, certain their structures and potential possibilities of development.
Współczesny dyskurs skrajnie nacjonalistyczny na przykładzie francuskiego Frontu Narodowego oraz holenderskiej Partii Wolności
Authors:   Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Kalinowska Kamila
Published: May 2023

The article describes and compares the two extremely nationalist groups which is: the French National Front, led by Marine Le Pen and the Dutch Freedom Party, founded by Geert Wilders. The publication presented the key demands of the program and forms of action of this organizations. Subsequentliy comparative analysis of these two parties was conducted, which shows that the French formation evolves into softened public discourse, while the Dutch constantly radicalized their message. In the last part of the publication, it will be also outlined the political future of these groups, placed in the broader context of the functioning of the extreme nationalist organizations.
Przemiany niepodległościowe na Ukrainie w świetle polskiej publicystyki w latach 1988 – 1994
Authors:   Absolwent Instytutu Historii i Archiwistyki Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, Piotrowski Jacek
Published: May 2023

Ukraine, as a prominent republic of the Soviet Union, and – after disintegration of the USSR – a sovereign country playing a significant role in the geopolitics of the Central Eastern Europe, has been an important object of Polish journalists’ interest. The analysis of the texts and comments in the Polish press between 1988 and 1994 about emancipation transformations in Ukraine and social, political and economic issues of this country in the first period of its independence leads to conclusion that the public discussion participants have had positive and corroborative attitude towards the emancipation of the Ukrainians. Providing opportunities and threats in achieving the actual and solid independence of that republic the commentators express their opinions carefully. As the main obstacles they stress the imperialist ambitions of Russia, the problem of maintaining the territorial integrity of the state, the economic crisis related to the collapse of the Soviet economy and the consequences of exercising power by the post Soviet party apparatus representatives. The publicists claim, the first period of Ukrainian’s independence closed the conversion of Ukraine to the integration with Russia.
O fisco e a inflação: uma interpretação do caso brasileiro
Authors: BACHA EDMAR LISBOA
Published: May 2023

Resumo As interpretações “fundamentalistas” disponíveis da inflação brasileira parecem incapazes de explicar por que o Brasil tem uma taxa de inflação tão alta com um déficit operacional do setor público tão pequeno. Procura-se explicar esse paradoxo com o uso dos conceitos de déficit potencial com inflação zero e erosão inflacionária das despesas orçamentárias do governo. Conclui-se que a resolução do conflito inflacionário brasileiro passa pela transferência, aos governos locais ou ao setor privado, de parcela significativa das atuais funções do governo federal.
BODY COMPOSITION ASSESSED BY DUAL-ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY ON METABOLIC PROFILE AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN OBESE PATIENTS PRIOR TO BARIATRIC SURGERY
Authors: SÁ Cristiane Maria Araújo Tavares de , Burgos Maria Goretti Pessoa de Araújo , Rabelo Filho Lucio Vilar , Calado Cinthia Katiane Martins , Costa Manoel da Cunha , Silva Thiago Coelho de Aguiar , Vieira Renata Adrielle Lima , Cabral Poliana Coelho
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Fat, muscle, and bone are endocrine organs capable of affecting the metabolic profile and cardiovascular risk. Relating these components is important to the establishment of early intervention strategies for overweight patients. AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of body mass components on the metabolic profile and cardiovascular risk in the preoperative period of bariatric surgery. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with patients admitted for bariatric surgery at a university hospital in the city of Recife, Brazil, between 2018 and 2019. Body composition was determined using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Cardiovascular risk was assessed using the Framingham risk score. Data were collected on anthropometric, clinical, and lifestyle characteristics. The lipid profile (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides), blood glucose, and vitamin D were determined using the standard methods of the hospital laboratory. RESULTS: A total of 60 patients were analyzed, 86.7% of whom had comorbidities, 33.3% had moderate/high cardiovascular risk, and 71.4% had vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency. Lower lean body mass (adjusted PR 3.24; 95%CI 1.19–5.77) was independently associated with the severity of obesity. The body mass index and waist circumference were negatively correlated with lean body mass (r=-0.52; p<0.01)/r=-0.36; p<0.01). Lean body mass was negatively correlated with fat mass (r=-0.26; p<0.05), trunk fat (r=-0.29; p<0.05), fasting glucose (r=-0.26; p<0.05), and bone mineral density (r=-0.26; p<0.05). A total of 84.2% of individuals with less trunk fat tended to have low cardiovascular risk (p=0.05). However, physical inactivity (adjusted PR 2.14; 95%CI 1.19–5.54) and the risk of alcohol dependence (adjusted PR 2.41; 95%CI 1.76–4.15) were the only variables independently associated with cardiovascular risk. CONCLUSION: Obese patients in the preoperative period of bariatric surgery with less trunk fat tended to have low cardiovascular risk. However, the other components of body mass were also not associated with cardiovascular risk.
Production of highly soluble foliar fertilizer in a spouted bed dryer
Authors: Stoppe Ana Carolina Ribeiro , Luz Mario Sérgio da , Vieira Neto José Luiz , Santos Kássia Graciele dos
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT The drying process can be useful to change the particulate structure, improving the powder solubility. In this study, we investigated the drying of foliar fertilizer in a spouted bed using polyethylene pellets as inert particles to improve its solubility. A 23 factorial experimental design was used to evaluate how the powder yield and moisture were affected by the feeding time, intermittency time, and feed atomizer position. The spouting instability caused powder retention on the bed wall, which decreased the powder recovery efficiency by 2.3-26.6%. Although the powder recovery efficiency was low, the solubility time was reduced by 5.9 times, probably due to particle agglomeration, which increased the amorphous phase of the fertilizer. Design alterations, suggested by the CFD data, can increase spouted bed stability and facilitate centralized spouting. Based on this, the spouted bed drying technique was applied, and it effectively increased the solubility of commercial fertilizer, thus, incorporating more desirable characteristics for field applications.
Photosynthetic adjustments and proline concentration are probably linked to stress memory in soybean exposed to recurrent drought
Authors: Medina Isadora Rodrigues , Rocha Guilherme Henrique da , Pereira Eduardo Gusmão
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Drought stress is the main abiotic factor limiting soybean yield. The memory of recurrent water stress can provide greater efficiency in minimizing the negative effects of drought. Thus, the aim of this work was to understand the temporal adjustments in photosynthesis presented by soybeans when exposed to recurrent drought at the beginning of the flowering and grain filling stages. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with five replications, consisting of four treatments: i) WS-R1 (moderate water deficit at the beginning of flowering), ii) WS-R5 (severe water deficit during grain filling), iii) WS-R1+R5 (moderate water deficit at early flowering and severe water deficit during grain filling), and iv) WW (well-watered condition). Severe stress caused reductions in gas exchange parameters and the relative water content, with increased initial fluorescence and water use efficiency. The plants from the WS-R5 and WS-R1+R5 treatments showed a reduction in the apparent rate of electron transport in photosystem II (PSII), photochemical quenching, and effective quantum yield of PSII, as well as increased nonphotochemical quenching values. Furthermore, the proline concentration in the leaves was higher in plants from the WS-R1+R5 treatment, contributing to the greater ability to maintain turgid cells compared to the WS-R5 plants. The photosynthetic adjustments related to faster isohydric responses and photoprotective mechanisms in soybean plants subjected to recurrent drought allowed the maintenance in the weight or number of grains compared to plants without water restriction, demonstrating the activation of efficient memory mechanisms of response to water stress.
Genetic gain for technological traits in new cultivars developed by the Southern Brazilian common-bean network
Authors: Ribeiro Nerinéia Dalfollo , Maziero Sandra Maria , Argenta Henrique da Silva
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Estimating the genetic gain obtained for technological quality traits over the years makes it possible to analyze whether the changes made meet consumer preferences, which represents an important innovation for common-bean breeding programs. The objectives of this study were to obtain genetic gain estimates for technological grain quality traits of common bean lines and investigate whether the modifications made were favorable in the context of sustainability and food and nutritional security for the coming generations. Twenty-four experiments were conducted between the years 2010 and 2022 and a total of 75 common bean lines were evaluated. Genetic gains of technological grain quality traits were determined by the Vencovsky’s (1988) method adapted for biennia. There was a significant effect of genotype for most traits evaluated, which shows the existence of genetic variability. Mass of 100 grains and water absorption had a negative genetic gain of -2.91% and -0.55% per year, respectively, indicating a reduction in these traits. Genetic gain was zero for L* value (lightness) and cooking time, denoting a plateau for these traits. Most of the common bean lines exhibit adequate L* values for carioca (L* ≥ 53) and black (L* ≤ 22) bean grains; a mass of 100 grains from 20 to 25 g; and fast cooking (≤ 25 min). The new common bean cultivars released for cultivation in the southern region of Brazil have high technological grain quality, being favorable in a context of sustainability and food and nutritional security for the coming generations.
A relação entre o nível de especialização da dívida e a restrição financeira de empresas brasileiras no decorrer do tempo
Authors: Granzotto Alberto , Sonza Igor Bernardi , Nakamura Wilson Toshiro , Mendes Johnny Silva
Published: May 2023

RESUMO Este artigo buscou analisar a evolução histórica, a composição e os determinantes da especialização de dívida de empresas brasileiras negociadas na Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão (B3), de 2004 a 2019, em termos agregados e de acordo com suas restrições financeiras. Este artigo difere-se dos poucos estudos neste tópico desenvolvidos no Brasil e em outros países por promover uma discussão acerca da especialização da estrutura de dívida em um contexto de restrições financeiras, uma vez que são uma característica relevante de mercados emergentes, como o brasileiro. A relevância deste estudo está em identificar que a especialização da dívida é um atributo apenas de empresas com restrição financeira, e não de empresas sem essas restrições. O impacto deste estudo está no melhor entendimento do motivo de empresas brasileiras estarem reduzindo sua especialização de dívida, diferente de outras evidências internacionais, como as estadunidenses. Foram estimadas estatísticas descritivas e regressões usando o método de probit e de tobit para 246 empresas brasileiras entre 2004 e 2019. O resultado principal é de que empresas com restrições financeiras são mais propensas a especializar sua estrutura de dívida. Apesar dessa propensão, essas empresas foram as que mais diminuíram sua especialização de dívida entre 2004 e 2019 (-27,77%), comparado ao restante da amostra (27,5%) e a empresas sem restrições (-19,48%), revelando um comportamento contrário ao do cenário estadunidense, no qual as empresas são cada vez mais especializadas.
Shareholder coalitions and dividends: evidence from the Brazilian capital market
Authors: Consoni Silvia , Colauto Romualdo Douglas
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT This article examines the effect of the heterogeneity of shareholder coalitions on the distribution of dividends in companies listed in Brazil. To analyze the relationship between large shareholders and dividends, it is essential to consider the way the control is ensured. Large shareholders can share control by forming coalitions, and differences in the composition of coalitions can alter the incentives the cooperating parties have for the activity of monitoring. Based on shareholder agreements, we explore the heterogeneity among shareholder coalitions by presenting elements that can characterize the role of shared control in the corporate governance of companies in a market environment described by the concentration of control in a single large shareholder. This study presents potential economic and social impacts, as it is of particular interest to outsider shareholders, and even potential investors, to know how insiders can use dividend policy, since the distribution of profits tends to mitigate agency problems. To identify the shareholder coalitions we resorted to shareholder agreements. The analysis model was estimated using the two-stage system generalized method of moments (GMM-Sys) with unbalanced panel data for the period from 2008 to 2019. We discovered that the number of shareholders in the coalition and the leveraging of the voting rights of the biggest shareholder in the coalition are negatively related to the dividends distributed, and that the voting rights of the coalition are positively related to the dividends distributed. These results contribute to the principal-principal approach of agency theory and highlight that the incentives and capacity of shareholder coalitions to pursue private benefits of control depend on their own characteristics.
PERENIDADE DOS PERIÓDICOS BRASILEIROS DE ENFERMAGEM: RESGATE E REAFIRMAÇÃO DO COMPROMISSO SOCIAL DA CIÊNCIA
Authors: Mendes Isabel Amélia Costa , Silva Ítalo Rodolfo , Araújo Agostinho Antônio Cruz , Ventura Carla Aparecida Arena , Godoy Simone de
Published: May 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: refletir sobre os desafios que permeiam o desenvolvimento e perenidade dos periódicos de enfermagem, editados no Brasil, tomando-os como entidades à serviço da comunidade científica atual e patrimônio da história da ciência para as gerações vindouras. Método: utilizou-se do método reflexivo, ancorado em princípios da complexidade e na literatura pertinente ao objeto da reflexão. Resultados: a perenidade do compromisso com a editoração científica emergiu como ponto de partida para a reflexão que destaca a importância das instituições mantenedoras como guardiãs dos periódicos científicos; a necessidade de investimentos e valorização da gestão, profissionalização e internacionalização da equipe editorial; a capacidade de ampliar a comunicação rompendo paradigmas nas conexões entre ciência e sociedade. Conclusão: esta reflexão poderá contribuir para reafirmar o conceito dos periódicos científicos como dispositivos que devem ser projetados em uma perspectiva perene e que, portanto, sobreviva à dinâmica dos tempos em meio aos desafios da ciência global. Nesse sentido, aponta para a importância das instituições mantenedoras dos periódicos como condição para garantia de sua perenidade.
Compassion fatigue and satisfaction in oncology professionals: an integrative review
Authors: Saura Ana Paula Neroni Stina , Valóta Izabel Alves das Chagas , Santos Maiara Rodrigues dos , Silva Rodrigo Marques da , Calache Ana Lucia Siqueira Costa
Published: May 2023

Abstract This integrative review investigates the factors that may promote or harm the quality of life of oncology professionals, according to compassion fatigue and satisfaction criteria. Bibliographic research was conducted on the CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, MEDLINE and Virtual Health Library databases. Primary studies published in Portuguese, Spanish and English were included. Of the 909 articles found, 18 were selected for analysis by three independent reviewers. Data were summarized in tables and thematic categories. Sociodemographic factors, internal and external to the individual, can alter professional quality of life. In conclusion, intrinsic and subjective characteristics, as well as work environment aspects, contribute to the development of compassion fatigue and satisfaction.
Desgaste y satisfacción por empatía en los profesionales de oncología: una revisión integradora
Authors: Saura Ana Paula Neroni Stina , Valóta Izabel Alves das Chagas , Santos Maiara Rodrigues dos , Silva Rodrigo Marques da , Calache Ana Lucia Siqueira Costa
Published: May 2023

Resumen Este artículo identificó los factores que pueden promover o dificultar la calidad de vida profesional de los profesionales de oncología según criterios de desgaste y satisfacción por empatía. Se utilizó un estudio bibliográfico descriptivo, del tipo revisión integradora, sin corte temporal. El análisis de los datos recopilados en CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, MEDLINE y Biblioteca Virtual en Salud fue realizado por tres evaluadores independientes. Se incluyeron estudios primarios en portugués, inglés y español. Se realizaron un análisis de los datos, para lograr los objetivos propuestos, y una síntesis para presentarse en tablas y categorías temáticas. Entre los 909 artículos encontrados, se seleccionaron 18 artículos para el análisis. Los factores sociodemográficos, internos y externos a los individuos, pueden alterar la calidad de vida profesional. Se concluye que las características intrínsecas y subjetivas, así como los aspectos del ambiente laboral contribuyeron al desgaste y la satisfacción por empatía.
Efectos de la exposición de adultos mayores peruanos a la infodemia sobre COVID-19: um estudio transversal
Authors: Zevallos-Cotrina Anita del Rosario , Lavado-Huarcaya Sofia Sabina , Castañeda-Cruzado Consuelo Guadalupe , Nureña-Montenegro Julia María , Heredia-Mondragón Mary Judith , Fhon Jack Roberto Silva
Published: May 2023

Resumen Objetivo Examinar la asociación entre la exposición a la información sobre COVID-19 y la presencia de síntomas fisiológicos, emocionales y el uso de sustancias en adultos mayores. Métodos Investigación cuantitativa y transversal con 387 adultos mayores que respondieron al web-based survey. Se utilizaron los instrumentos de perfil demográfico, cuestionario de exposición a noticias e información relacionada con la pandemia y el Cuestionario de Identificación de Frecuencia de Signos y Síntomas físicos, emocionales y uso de sustancias. Todas las pruebas estadísticas tuvieron una significancia de p<0.05. Resultados Predominaron participantes del sexo femenino con media de edad de 70.1 años, viven con pareja, con acceso a los servicios de salud gratuitos y quienes disminuyeron sus ingresos económicos durante la pandemia. Existe relación significativa entre el tiempo de exposición a internet y medios de comunicación con las manifestaciones psicofisiológicos; la radio se relacionó con problemas digestivos y nutricionales, y el contacto con personas del entorno provocó dolores musculares. Conclusiones e implicaciones para la práctica Información exagerada sobre COVID-19 provocó síntomas fisiológicos, emocionales y comportamientos nocivos; se sugiere implementar intervenciones sociales post-pandemia para los problemas de salud; utilizar herramientas virtuales y telemedicina en el cuidado; mejorar los programas de acompañamiento intergeneracional.
OS PROJETOS EDUCACIONAIS DA SOCIEDADE AUXILIADORA DA INDÚSTRIA NACIONAL: AS TRAJETÓRIAS DA ESCOLA NOTURNA DE INSTRUÇÃO PRIMÁRIA DE ADULTOS E DA ESCOLA INDUSTRIAL (1871 - 1902)
Authors: Penteado David Francisco de Moura
Published: May 2023

RESUMO A Escola Noturna de Instrução Primária de Adultos e a Escola Industrial, estabelecidas pela Sociedade Auxiliadora da Indústria Nacional (1825-1904) em 1871 e 1872, respectivamente, foram os dois únicos projetos educacionais bem-sucedidos da longeva agremiação. Sediadas no município neutro do Rio de Janeiro, as escolas integravam um pequeno grupo de escolas noturnas, beneficentes e privadas - ocasionalmente subsidiadas pelo Governo Imperial -, voltadas à educação de jovens e adultos da Corte. Por meio de pesquisas em documentos institucionais, relatórios oficiais, periódicos do período e na historiografia das escolas noturnas, o presente artigo buscou analisar as trajetórias das duas escolas através da composição dos seus corpos docentes e discentes, currículos e fundamentos. Com base nessa documentação, foram encontradas duas instituições robustas, com cerca de três décadas de funcionamento, pelas quais mais de 5mil alunos passaram pelos seus bancos. Por fim, argumenta-se os motivos pelos quais ambas as instituições se encontram hoje entre as pioneiras da instrução primária e técnica para adultos e jovens adultos no Brasil, sendo predecessoras do ensino industrial brasileiro contemporâneo.
Performance evaluation of self-leveling mortars using phosphogypsum and white ceramic waste
Authors: Gruber Elayne Thais , Effting Carmeane , Schackow Adilson , Mendes Gabriela Azambuja
Published: May 2023

Abstract This study investigates the properties of self-leveling subfloor mortar mixtures with natural and calcined phosphogypsum waste in the form of calcium sulfate called anhydrite and white ceramic, by replacing 50% of the mass of Portland cement CP II Z-32. The effects of using waste were evaluated in the fresh (initial fluidity, flow retention, regeneration time, setting time, and heat of hydration) and hardened (compressive and flexural tensile strength, density, water absorption, void ratio, linear shrinkage, and tensile adhesion strength) state. The optimized mixture at a 1:1.5 cement/sand ratio (by mass) with 50% white ceramic had a 32.66 ± 4.26 MPa compressive strength at 28 days, low shrinkage and heat of hydration, showing the best performance among the wastes studied. In the calcium sulfate mortars, the mixtures with anhydrite showed better results for compressive and flexural tensile strength and tensile adhesion strength, with the waste calcination being beneficial.
Naturalness is gradient in morphological paradigms: Evidence from positional splits
Authors: Herce Borja , Saldana Carmen , Mansfield John , Bickel Balthasar
Published: May 2023

Agreement markers that refer to the same feature or argument tend to be found in the same position (e.g., all subject agreement markers as suffixes, all object agreement markers as prefixes). However, little is known about the exceptions to this trend: cases where different values of the same feature are marked in different positions in the word (i.e., positional splits). In this study, we explore the positional properties of subject and object person-number agreement markers in a phylogenetically diverse sample of 227 languages. We find that the recurrence of a positional split is proportional to its degree of naturalness, that is, to the amount of shared feature values amongst the forms with the same positional arrangement. Natural patterns (e.g., where prefixal forms all share SG and suffixal forms all share PL) are over-represented in natural languages compared to a random baseline. The most unnatural patterns are underrepresented, and splits with an intermediate level of unnaturalness occur at around chance levels. We hypothesise that this graded bias for naturalness is grounded in a preference for morphological similarity amongst semantically similar forms during language learning. To test this hypothesis we conducted two online artificial language learning experiments where we trained and tested participants on person-number verbal agreement paradigms of different sizes with positional splits of different degrees of naturalness. We found that their relative learnability is also gradient, again proportional to the amount of feature value overlap, thus matching the observed cross-linguistic tendencies. Our findings support the notion that semantic similarity shapes the evolution of morphological structure in person-number verbal agreement systems and that it does so in a gradient way.
Pre-service Science Teachers’ Conceptions of the Nature of Science
Authors: Wangchuk Sangay , Wangdi Dumcho , Tshomo Sonam , Dorji Ugyen
Published: May 2023

Understanding the Nature of science is a crucial part of scientific literacy that helps students develop ideas about science and make informed decisions. Science teachers’ knowledge of the Nature of science is essential to enhancing students’ understanding. This study examined 50 pre-service science teachers’ conceptions of the Nature of science. The data collected by administering the Understanding the Nature of science questionnaire was analysed using descriptive statistics and a one-way analysis of variance test. The findings revealed that pre-service science teachers have uninformed conceptions about the Nature of science, particularly in the tenets of scientific methods, scientific theories and laws, scientific knowledge, and scientific enterprise. There was no statistically significant difference in the level of Nature of science conceptions based on their specialisation (F [2, 47] =.251). Future research is encouraged to explore the implications of teachers' conceptions of the Nature of science on students' understanding, employing a multi-method approach.
Ancient dental calculus sampling procedure for optical microscopic analysis v1
Authors: Neves Dulce
Published: May 2023

This protocol describes how to sample dental calculus from individual teeth for optical microscopy analysis. The primary use-case is for the analysis of dental micro-remains embedded in the matrix of the dental calculus (e.g. starches, phytoliths, pollens, fungi, fibers, etc.), though it can also be used for biomolecular analysis (DNA and proteomics).
DELUSION: POSSIBILITIES FOR ANALYSIS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Tasenko Mykhailo
Published: May 2023

The article presents the main concepts for defining and describing delusions and delusional ideas used in modern clinical psychiatry and philosophy of psychiatry. Their analysis and comparison are carried out, the main differences in the psychiatric and philosophical understanding of delusions are indicated. It is demonstrated that modern clinical psychiatry considers delusional ideas inaccessible to understanding, and therefore considers them purely as a symptom of mental disorder. The author proposes to reconsider this approach and focus on interpreting delusions, giving them meaning, and finding methods for their analysis. The author identifies the difficulties that arise in the process of interpreting delusions by a person who does not suffer from a mental disorder. The fundamental difference in building a picture of the world in mentally healthy people and people suffering from mental disorders is emphasised. The hypotheses put forward in the philosophy of psychiatry on how to understand delusional judgements are demonstrated. One of the hypotheses, the "doxastic" position, considers delusional judgements to be a special case of false statements and suggests that they should be analysed in the same way as any other false judgement. Another hypothesis, the reaction to pathological experience, suggests that delusional judgements are a reaction to a unique pathological experience. Delusional ideas arise in an attempt to explain these experiences, and this approach allows for a greater understanding of the mechanisms underlying delusional judgements. A rationalist approach to the interpretation of delusions is also presented, which assumes that pathological changes occur at a higher level than direct perceptions. This approach is based on the analysis of the delusional statements themselves, trying to find out what the changes in the patient's attitudes may be. According to the rationalist approach, the altered ideas of a mentally ill person are a consequence of their attitudes towards themselves and the world, and this is what sets the stage for the possible emergence of delusions. According to the rationalist approach, delusional ideas are not evaluated for their truth or falsity, as they are outside of any possible experience. Therefore, the rationalist approach allows us to understand what the patient's beliefs are that caused his or her delusions. It is determined that the described approaches change the perception of delusions as a sign or symptom of mental illness and do not ignore its own content in explaining mental disorder. The philosophy of psychiatry understands the space in which delusional discourse is constructed as a sphere that can be described and should be studied.
Anatomical and Biomechanical Features of the Lateral Compartment of the Knee and Associated Technical Aspects of Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty: Lecture
Authors: Chugaev Dmitrii V. , Kravtsov Evgeniy D. , Kornilov Nikolai N. , Kulyaba Taras A.
Published: May 2023

The frequency of lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is estimated at 1% of the total volume of knee arthroplasties, according to contemporary literature. Recent studies analyzing this type of surgical intervention indicate that when performed with proper indications and technical accuracy, it is equally effective and safe as total knee arthroplasty. Potential advantages of partial knee replacement include reduced invasiveness compared to total knee arthroplasty, lower perioperative blood loss, faster patient rehabilitation, and preservation of native joint proprioception. However, it is important to consider that successful implementation of lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty requires not only appropriate patient selection but also technical proficiency, advanced operating room equipment, and precise surgical techniques performed by experienced surgeons. Failure to meet these conditions can negate the potential benefits and may lead to early revision surgery. It is evident that unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is not simply a half-operation of total joint replacement, and the lateral compartments partial arthroplasty only shares general similarities with the more popular and established medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. The differences lie primarily in the complex anatomy and biomechanics of the lateral compartment, which present a challenging task even with the use of modern anatomically designed implants. The development of robotic surgery and personalized joint implants may help overcome these challenges more effectively. However, in our current routine practice, we rely on conventional instruments and strive to optimize our techniques. The authors of this article aim to provide an overview of the contemporary understanding of the anatomy and biomechanics of the lateral compartment of the knee and the specific technical aspects related to partial lateral arthroplasty using a fixed tibial platform implant.
Fault Geometry, Slip Distribution, and Potential Triggering of the 2022 Mw 6.2 Deadly Afghanistan Earthquake Revealed from Geodetic and Weather Data
Authors: Qi Yonghao , Feng Wanpeng , Zhang Yong , Wang Dagang , Du Yi , Samsonov Sergey V. , Zhang Pei-Zhen , Zaray Abdul Habib , Ansari Abdullah
Published: May 2023

The 22 June 2022 Mw 6.2 Khōst, Afghanistan, earthquake struck killing more than 1700 people and devastating the region. For studying this earthquake, we computed the coseismic deformation fields of the earthquake using the Sentinel-1 Terrain Observation with Progressive Scans Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). The InSAR results show that the maximum coseismic displacement in the satellite line of sight direction reaches up to 39 cm. We determined the geometric parameters of the fault and coseismic slip distribution from these InSAR measurements. The best-fitted fault model shows that the rupture occurred on a right-lateral strike-slip fault with a strike of 203.7° and a dip of 68°. The most slip is concentrated at a shallow depth within the upper 10 km with the maximum slip of ∼3 m at 2.5 km depth. The maximum slip produced by this earthquake is significantly larger than the slip produced by several other similar earthquakes with similar magnitudes, implying that the focused shallow slip is likely the reason for the significant damage in the earthquake. The heavy rainfall was recorded during the earthquake period, which resulted in complicated fringes in coseismic interferograms close to the earthquake in time. Because a positive spatial and temporal correlation with the earthquake occurrence can be seen, the rainfall may have potential contributions to the earthquake, which deserves additional analysis in future. Combined with the potential effects of the 2015 Mw 7.5 Hindu Kush deep-seated earthquake, the seismicity in Afghanistan is the result of the ongoing subduction of the Indian plate beneath the Eurasian plate along their west boundary.
Inconsistent Citation of the Global Seismographic Network in Scientific Publications
Authors: Staats Molly , Aderhold Kasey , Hafner Katrin , Dalton Colleen , Flanagan Megan , Lau Harriet , Simons Frederik J. , Vallée Martin , Wei S. Shawn , Yeck William , Frassetto Andy , Busby Robert
Published: May 2023

The highly used Global Seismographic Network (GSN) is a pillar of the seismological research community and contributes to numerous groundbreaking publications. Despite its wide recognition, this survey found that the GSN is not consistently acknowledged in scientific literature and is underrepresented by roughly a factor of 3 in citation searches. Publication tracking is a key metric that factors into operational decisions and funding support for the network; thus, consistent and proper citation of the GSN is important. This study not only serves as a reminder for researchers using GSN observations to cite the network’s digital object identifiers (DOIs) but also promotes a community-wide conversation among researchers, journal editors, network operators, and other stakeholders regarding more standardized policies and review processes to ensure seismic networks are properly and consistently recognized for their contributions to research.
Pore size-mediated macrophage M1 to M2 transition affects osseointegration of 3D-printed PEEK scaffolds
Authors: Yang Xiaopeng , Gao Jianbo , Yang Shenyu , Wu Yan , Liu Huilong , Su Danyang , Li Dichen
Published: May 2023

Increasing evidence indicates that macrophages play an important role in angiogenesis and bone regeneration. Because the phenotypic polarization of macrophage is extremely sensitive to the pore size of materials, poly(ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) scaffolds with pore sizes of 0, 200, and 400 μm were prepared, and the influence of pore size-mediated macrophage polarization on subsequent angiogenesis and osteogenesis was examined. The interaction results of macrophages and scaffolds indicated that macrophages were responsive to the pore size of three-dimensional (3D)-printed PEEK scaffolds, and large pore size scaffolds showed greater potential in inducing M1 to M2 transition of macrophage and enhanced macrophage secretion of high concentrations of osteogenesis-related and angiogenesis-related cytokines. When human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were cultured in the conditioned medium derived from co-culture of macrophages and scaffolds, HUVECs showed good angiogenic responses in terms of cell migration and angiogenic gene expression, while BMSCs showed good osteogenic differentiation effect in in vitro mineralization and osteogenesis-related gene expression. The results of bone defect repair showed that the bone volume/total volume ratio and trabecular thickness of the large pore size PEEK scaffold were significantly higher, and it had better biomechanical properties and achieved a better osseointegration effect. Our data demonstrate that large-pore PEEK scaffolds promote angiogenesis and osteogenic differentiation in vitro and osseointegration in vivo, most likely because scaffolds with larger pore size are able to mediate a higher degree of M1 to M2 transition in macrophages.
Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin bioinks for digital light processing 3D printing
Authors: Zhang Xue , Wu Wenbi , Huang Yulan , Yang Xiong , Gou Maling
Published: May 2023

The application of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has increased in the biomedical field. The lack of bioinks with both biocompatibility and printability is still a problem to be solved. Silk fibroin materials have good biocompatibility and have a broad application prospect in the field of biomedical materials. At present, most research usually involves Bombyx mori silk fibroin (BSF). However, BSF has low cell adhesion. Compared with BSF, Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin (ASF) isolated from typical non-mulberry silk exhibits a unique arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) sequence with good cell adhesion enhancement. In this study, we developed a bioink based on ASF for digital light processing (DLP) 3D bioprinting. The ASF-based bioinks (ASF-MA) were produced by a methacryloylation process using methacrylic anhydride (MA) to achieve the properties of photopolymerization reaction. The ASF-MA hydrogel has mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and especially cell adhesion. Meanwhile, we found that the ASF-MA hydrogels promoted the adhesion, migration, and proliferation of S16 cells. Hence, the ASF-MA hydrogels had the potential applications in biomedical fields.
Gay domestic tourists’ motivation: The case of Bali
Authors:   Bina Nusantara University, BINUS Business School Master Program, Management Department, Jakarta, Indonesia, Hendijani Roozbeh Babolian
Published: May 2023

Building upon existing literature on gay tourism, gay tourist motivation, and homosexuality, this article explores the primary determinants of motivation to travel for gay tourists in a conservative market and their satisfaction with Bali, an Asian and peripheral destination. The study aims to provide valuable insights for destination marketers and stakeholders in Indonesia, enabling them to develop improved marketing strategies tailored to this niche tourism market. A quantitative approach was employed, utilizing self-administered questionnaires distributed among gay tourists in Jakarta, Indonesia. Descriptive and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to analyze the experiences of 150 gay domestic tourists in Bali, Indonesia, as a tourist destination. The findings identified escape, experience, and peace as significant factors influencing gay tourists' satisfaction, while friendliness, venue, beach, nightlife, and natural beauty were identified as destination attributes impacting holiday satisfaction. These findings contribute to the existing body of literature on gay tourism, particularly within the Asian context, and provide valuable insights for destination managers and marketers seeking a deeper understanding of this niche market segment.
Beyond the Price Tag Understanding the True Cost of Digital Health Tools
Authors: Carnicero Javier , Barrachina Juan Ignacio , Aguiló Agnès
Published: May 2023

Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) is a cost calculation method that, when applied to the field of digital solution implementation, provides a final figure that reflects not only the cost of acquisition (buy, build or adapt) but also those related to the use, maintenance and closure of such solution. Total cost of ownership analysis is a financial estimate of all the direct and indirect costs of acquiring, commissioning, operating, maintaining and disposing of a product or system.
Application of machine learning for adaptive subtraction of multiple reflected waves
Authors: Kamashev A. M. , Duchkov A. A.
Published: May 2023

This work is devoted to the development and testing of an algorithm for adaptive subtraction of multiple reflected waves using a convolutional neural network. The algorithm is one of the main steps in the method of suppression of multiple reflected waves based on the separation of wave forms in the Radon region. The paper considers the formulation of a problem for a neural network, the preparation of training and test data sets and the testing of the algorithm. Using a convolutional neural network allows to automate and speed up the adaptive subtraction procedure. The algorithm was tested on synthetic data. Testing shows the effective adaptation of multiple waves, as well as the importance of correctly constructing a model of multiples.
Особенности перевода кулинарной лексики на примере книги Астрид Линдгрен «Эмиль из Леннеберги»
Authors: Некрасова Е.С.
Published: May 2023

В данной статье анализируются особенности перевода гастрономической лексики, на примере книги Астрид Линдгрен «Эмиль из Леннеберги», с сопоставлением двух переводов Л.Ю. Лунгиной и Л.З. Брауде. В проведенном анализе стратегий перевода упомянутых работ, подчеркивается важность предварительной страноведческой работы переводчика в контексте кулинарной тематики, во избежание неадекватного перевода национальных особенностей гастрономического характера. Кроме того, статья дает базовую информацию о некоторых особенностях скандинавской кухни, проиллюстрированной примерами из книги Линдгрен.
Особенности употребления англоязычного спортивного сленга в средствах массовой коммуникации. Способы его перевода на русский язык.
Authors: Осман С.М. , Осман М.М. , Протасов Е.Б.
Published: May 2023

В работе представлен анализ медиа спортивного сленга, лексики спортивного дискурса и средств массовой информации. Цель исследования: проследить влияние средств массовой информации на спортивный сленг, для выявления особенностей медиа спортивного сленга, а также определения способов его перевода. Объектом данной работы является англоязычный медиа спортивный сленг. Предмет исследования – особенности и способы перевода англоязычного медиа спортивного сленга. Результат исследования – выявление наиболее универсальных способов перевода англоязычного медиа спортивного сленга. В работе использовались материалы статей, публикаций, интернет ресурсов, а также теоретическая база по курсу «переводоведение».