bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differential sedimentary evolution of typical aulacogens of Meso-Neoproterozoic in North China craton
Authors: Tan Cong , Lyu Qiqi , Wang Tongshan , Li Qiufen , Jiang Hua , Yan Xue
Published: February 2024

Many countries and regions in the world have obtained industrial oil flow in the Meso-Neoproterozoic sedimentary strata and formed commercial exploitation in recent years. The development horizon of high-quality source rocks in the Proterozoic in North China can be compared with the international, indicating that the Meso-Neoproterozoic in North China has great exploration potential. The sedimentary characteristics of typical aulacogen in multiple cratons in the Meso-Neoproterozoic North China Craton are compared and studied by using field outcrop data, drilling data and analysis and test data, aiming to provide sedimentary support for the prediction of oil and gas distribution and evaluation of exploration field in the Meso-Neoproterozoic in this area. The results show that there are four sedimentary systems in the study area, including Marine clastic rock sedimentary system, Marine carbonate sedimentary system, Marine-continental transitional facies sedimentary system and glacial sedimentary system. They are divided into seven sedimentary facies types: barrier coastal facies, non-barrier coast facies, shallow shelf facies, carbonate platform facies, reef facies, fan delta facies and glacial facies, and further divided into 15 subfacies and 21 microfacies. On this basis, the Meso-Neoproterozoic sedimentary filling sequences of two typical aulacogens, Yanliao and Xiong 'er, in the study area are clarified, showing that the formation time of each sedimentary filling sequence stage of different aulacogens is different, and the rock characteristics, lithology combination, lithologic structure, contact relationship, vertical sequence and sedimentary facies assemblage of the same sedimentary filling sequence stage are obviously different. The filling characteristics of the two aulacogens completely record the geological events related to the breakup of the Colombian supercontinent.
Multiparametric in vitro and in vivo analysis of the safety profile of self-assembling peptides
Authors: Ramirez-Labrada Ariel , Santiago Llipsy , Pesini Cecilia , Arrieta Marta , Arias Maykel , Calvo Pérez Adanays , Ciulla Maria Gessica , Forouharshad Mahdi , Pardo Julian , Gálvez Eva M. , Gelain Fabrizio
Published: February 2024

Self-assembling peptides (SAPs) have gained significant attention in biomedicine because of their unique properties and ability to undergo molecular self-assembly driven by non-covalent interactions. By manipulating their composition and structure, SAPs can form well-ordered nanostructures with enhanced selectivity, stability and biocompatibility. SAPs offer advantages such as high chemical and biological diversity and the potential for functionalization. However, studies concerning its potentially toxic effects are very scarce, a limitation that compromises its potential translation to humans. This study investigates the potentially toxic effects of six different SAP formulations composed of natural amino acids designed for nervous tissue engineering and amenable to ready cross-linking boosting their biomechanical properties. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. A wound-healing assay was performed to evaluate how SAPs modify cell migration. The results in vitro demonstrated that SAPs did not induce genotoxicity neither skin sensitization. In vivo, SAPs were well-tolerated without any signs of acute systemic toxicity. Interestingly, SAPs were found to promote the migration of endothelial, macrophage, fibroblast, and neuronal-like cells in vitro, supporting a high potential for tissue regeneration. These findings contribute to the development and translation of SAP-based biomaterials for biomedical applications.
Competing risk multistate censored data modeling by propensity score matching method
Authors: Bhattacharjee Atanu , Vishwakarma Gajendra K. , Tripathy Abhipsa , Rajbongshi Bhrigu Kumar
Published: February 2024

The potential contribution of the paper is the use of the propensity score matching method for updating censored observations within the context of multi-state model featuring two competing risks.The competing risks are modelled using cause-specific Cox proportional hazard model.The simulation findings demonstrate that updating censored observations tends to lead to reduced bias and mean squared error for all estimated parameters in the risk of cause-specific Cox model.The results for a chemoradiotherapy real dataset are consistent with the simulation results.
α-lipoic acid modulates prostate cancer cell growth and bone cell differentiation
Authors: Abdullah K. M. , Sharma Gunjan , Takkar Simran , Kaushal Jyoti B. , Pothuraju Ramesh , Chakravarti Bandana , Batra Surinder K. , Siddiqui Jawed A.
Published: February 2024

Prostate cancer (PCa) progression leads to bone modulation in approximately 70% of affected men. A nutraceutical, namely, α-lipoic acid (α-LA), is known for its potent anti-cancer properties towards various cancers and has been implicated in treating and promoting bone health. Our study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism behind the role of α-LA as therapeutics in preventing PCa and its associated bone modulation. Notably, α-LA treatment significantly reduced the cell viability, migration, and invasion of PCa cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, α-LA supplementation dramatically increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and HIF-1α expression, which started the downstream molecular cascade and activated JNK/caspase-3 signaling pathway. Flow cytometry data revealed the arrest of the cell cycle in the S-phase, which has led to apoptosis of PCa cells. Furthermore, the results of ALP (Alkaline phosphatase) and TRAP (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) staining signifies that α-LA supplementation diminished the PCa-mediated differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, respectively, in the MC3T3-E1 and bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) cells. In summary, α-LA supplementation enhanced cellular apoptosis via increased ROS levels, HIF-1α expression, and JNK/caspase-3 signaling pathway in advanced human PCa cell lines. Also, the treatment of α-LA improved bone health by reducing PCa-mediated bone cell modulation.
MicroRNA expression and oxidative stress markers in pectoral muscle of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with phytobiotics composition
Authors: Chodkowska Karolina A. , Barszcz Marcin , Tuśnio Anna
Published: February 2024

Phytobiotic compositions are commercially used in broiler production, mostly to improve general health and the production parameters. Moreover, some of their active substances may change the expression of miRNA in different tissues. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the phytobiotic composition (PBC) containing white mustard, calamus, turmeric, and common ivy on production parameters, oxidative stress markers and expression of selected miRNAs in pectoral muscle of broiler chickens. The experiment was performed on broiler chickens fed the control diet (without PBC), and a diet supplemented with 60 or 100 mg/kg of PBC for 35 days. After the experiment, samples (blood and muscle) were collected for analyses. The analyzed production parameters included: feed conversion ratio, feed intake and body weight. There was no effect on growth performance of broiler chickens but feeding diet supplemented with 60 mg/kg phytobiotics significantly increased the expression of miR-30a-5p, miR-181a-5p, and miR-206, and decreased that of miR-99a-5p, miR-133a-5p, miR-142-5p, and miR-222 in pectoral muscle of chickens. The addition of 100 mg/kg phytobiotics significantly increased miR-99a-5p and miR-181a-5p expression, and caused down-regulation of the expression of miR-26a-5p and miR-30a-5p. Chickens fed diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg PBC had lower level of lipid peroxidation products in blood, while in the muscle tissue it was higher in birds fed a diet with the addition of 60 mg/kg as compared to the control group. The results suggest that this unique composition of phytobiotics does not affect productive traits but can change expression of miRNAs that are crucial for muscle physiology and pathology in broiler chickens. This additive may also protect against the oxidative stress but the effect is dose dependent.
A validation study of the Occupational Depression Inventory in Poland and Ukraine
Authors: Golonka Krystyna , Malysheva Karine O. , Fortuna Dominika , Gulla Bożena , Lytvyn Serhii , De Beer Leon T. , Schonfeld Irvin Sam , Bianchi Renzo
Published: February 2024

This study examined the psychometric and structural properties of the Polish and Ukrainian versions of the Occupational Depression Inventory (ODI). We relied on two samples of Polish employees (NSample1 = 526, 47% female; NSample2 = 164, 64% female) and one sample of Ukrainian employees (NSample3 = 372, 73% female). In all samples, the ODI exhibited essential unidimensionality and high total-score reliability (e.g., McDonald’s omegas > 0.90). The homogeneity of the scale was strong (e.g., 0.59 ≤ scale-level Hs ≤ 0.68). The ODI’s total scores thus accurately ranked individuals on a latent occupational depression continuum. We found evidence of complete measurement invariance across our samples, a prerequisite for between-group comparisons involving observed scores. Looking into the criterion validity of the ODI, we found occupational depression to correlate, in the expected direction, with resilience and job-person fit in six areas of working life—workload, control, rewards, community, fairness, and values. The prevalence of occupational depression was estimated at 5% in Sample 1, 18% in Sample 2, and 3% in Sample 3. Our findings support the use of the ODI’s Polish and Ukrainian versions. This study adds to a growing corpus of research suggesting that the ODI is a robust instrument.
Gas-phase synthesis of [OU–X]+ (X = Cl, Br and I) from a UO22+ precursor using ion-molecule reactions and an [OUCH]+ intermediate
Authors: Terhorst Justin , Lenze Samuel , Metzler Luke , Fry Allison N. , Ihabi Amina , Corcovilos Theodore A. , van Stipdonk Michael J.
Published: February 2024

Preparative tandem mass spectrometry can be used to dissociate the oxo ligands from UO22+; allowing generation of formally U(iv) oxy-halide ions [OU–X]+, (X = Cl, Br and I) via an [OUCH]+ intermediate.
Broadband near-infrared luminescence in a cubic pyrophosphate Al0.5Ta0.5P2O7:Cr3+ phosphor for multi-functional applications
Authors: Chen Long , Zhong Jiyou , Wu Jiajun , Zhao Weiren
Published: February 2024

A cubic pyrophosphate Al0.5Ta0.5P2O7:Cr3+ near-infrared phosphor with excellent photoluminescence and temperature sensing properties was developed.
Uranyl uptake into metal–organic frameworks: a detailed X-ray structural analysis
Authors: Heaney Matthew P. , Johnson Hannah M. , Knapp Julia G. , Bang Shinhyo , Seifert Soenke , Yaw Natalie S. , Li Jiahong , Farha Omar K. , Zhang Qiang , Moreau Liane M.
Published: February 2024

AWAXS and XAFS map uranyl binding in MOFs and elucidate uranyl uptake patterns.
Effects of oregano essential oil Pickering emulsion and ZnO nanoparticles on the properties and antibacterial activity of konjac glucomannan/carboxymethyl chitosan nanocomposite films
Authors: Pan Zhibin , Zhong Weiquan , Xu Jingting , Li Danjie , Lin Junhan , Wu Weibin , Pang Jie , Wu Chunhua
Published: February 2024

This study incorporated carboxylated-cellulose nanocrystal stabilized oregano essential oil Pickering emulsion and ZnO nanoparticles into konjac glucomannan/carboxymethyl chitosan complexes to develop active food packaging films.
Power law creep and delayed failure of gels and fibrous materials under stress
Authors: Lockwood Henry A. , Agar Molly H. , Fielding Suzanne M.
Published: February 2024

We introduce a simple mesoscopic model for the irreversible failure of gels and fibrous materials, and demonstrate it to capture much of the phenomenology seen in recent experiments on protein gels.
ALD-made noble metal high entropy alloy nanofilm with sub-surface amorphization for enhanced hydrogen evolution
Authors: Zou Yiming , Jing Lin , Zhang Jianghong , Luo Songzhu , Wang Leyan , Li Yun , Goei Ronn , Tan Kwan W. , Yoong Tok Alfred Iing
Published: February 2024

Noble metal-based high entropy alloy (NM-HEA) nanofilm with surface amorphization, synthesized by ALD-EJH method, demonstrates outstanding hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance. The experimental and calculational results reveal the mechanism.
Nanoscale stirring at the liquid–liquid interface: the interfacial nano-vortexer actively converges immiscible biphasic reactants for enhanced phase-transfer catalysis
Authors: Ang Zhi Zhong , Pereira Veronica , Boong Siew Kheng , Li Haitao , Lee Hiang Kwee
Published: February 2024

The application of spinning nano-vortexers along the liquid–liquid interface is crucial in the active convergence of biphasic reagents for kinetically boosting phase-transfer catalysis by >200-fold compared to conventional approaches.
Plasmonic coupling of silver nanospheres loaded on cobalt–iron layered double hydroxides: a robust SERS probe for 4-nitrophenol detection
Authors: Kokulnathan Thangavelu , Arun Kumar Kalingarayanpalayam Matheswaran , Wang Tzyy-Jiann , Ashok Kumar Elumalai , Joseph Anthuvan Allen , Chen Kai-Jiun , Liang Yung-Yu
Published: February 2024

The development of surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates capable of sensing organic pollutants at low concentrations with high sensitivity has always been demanding.
Cutting off the upstream and downstream costs for CO2 electroreduction by upcycling fermentation emissions into ethanol
Authors: Sun Ruofan , Zhao Jiwu , Lu Xu
Published: February 2024

A fermentation–CO2RR hybrid system to cut off the upstream and downstream costs for CO2 electroreduction.
Optimized lithium deposition on Ag nanoparticles-embedded TiO2 microspheres: a facile spray pyrolysis approach for enhanced lithium metal anode
Authors: Kang Jae Wook , Choi Jae Hun , Lee Jung-Kul , Kang Yun Chan
Published: February 2024

TiO2 microspheres with Ag nanocrystals were synthesized via spray pyrolysis process. TiO2-Ag showed excellent reversible lithium deposition and stripping properties. TiO2-Ag electrode paired with cathode showed excellent electrochemical properties.
Facile and fast preparation of stretchable, self-adhesive, moisturizing, antifreezing and conductive tough hydrogel for wearable strain sensors
Authors: Chao Yanxia , Li Ying , Wang Huibin , Wang Nan , Wang Tao , Chu Zhuangzhuang , Yang Zhuohong , Hu Yang
Published: February 2024

Stretchable, self-adhesive, moisturizing, antifreezing and conductive tough hydrogels for wearable strain sensors were conveniently and quickly prepared based on the catalytic mechanism of metal ions.
Antiaromatic non-alternant heterocyclic compounds as molecular wires
Authors: Leary Edmund , Roldán-Piñero Carlos , Rico-Sánchez-Mateos Rocío , Zotti Linda A.
Published: February 2024

We have theoretically studied the electron-transport properties of a family of molecular junctions containing the non-alternant antiaromatic pentalene moiety stabilised with various 5-membered heterocycles.
Protection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice by 3-caffeoylquinic acid isomers isolated from Saxifraga tangutica
Authors: Tong Yingying , Li Gang , Shi Xiaobing , Wang Lin , Zhou Jia , Chu Ming , Wang Zhenhua , Abd El-Aty A. M. , Dang Jun
Published: February 2024

S. tangutica extract was obtained by medium-pressure liquid chromatography and its activity studied using HPLC-DPPH screening.
Relation of Yield and Technological Indicators of Grain and Milled Rice Quality of New Rice Varieties under Competitive Testing
Authors: Dzhamirze Ruslan , Ostapenko Nadezhda , Chinchenko Natalya
Published: February 2024

This article presents the results of a studying new rice varieties under competitive testing in the period 2018-2021 on the rice irrigation system of FSBSI “Federal Scientific Rice Centre” (“FSC of Rice”), Belozerny, Krasnodar region. Significant advantages of new rice varieties in terms of a complex of economically valuable traits compared to the standard were revealed: Trio and VNIIR 10289, having maximum grain vitreousity (93.5 and 90.0%), significantly exceed the standard in terms of head rice content of 64.5 and 65.4%; Dialog with the highest yield in the experiment and a mass of 1000 grains of 30.8 g has a total milling yield of 70.3%; VNIIR 10254, despite the low yield of 7.7 t/ha, has a maximum mass of 1000 grains (43.0 g) with a head rice content of 84.1%. In the experiment, a close positive correlation of yield with a mass of 1000 grains was revealed in varieties Trio, Dialog, Vector and VNIIR 10289 (r = 0.76, 0.80, 0.83). A close positive correlation of the total milling yield with the head rice content (according to ISO) was noted in the varieties Trio, Dialog and VNIIR 10289 (r = 0.81, 0.90 and 0.93), which determines their genetic determination at the level of 65, 5, 81.7 and 86.3%.
Dynamics of Soil Fertility Indicators in Protective Forest Plantations
Authors: Kotlyarova E. , Kuzmina О. , Kolesnichenko Е. , Melentiev A. , Chursin A.
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the work is to analyze the dynamics of soil fertility indicators under forest belts in comparison with the inter-belt space in the agricultural landscape due to soil transformation under the influence of adaptive landscape farming systems. A comparative analysis of the variability of soil fertility indicators in forest belts and agrocenoses revealed similar trends in its direction and intensity, which indicates the uniform nature of the soil-forming process. However, some features have been identified. The humus content in the soils of forest belts is on average slightly higher than in the space between the belts. This is caused by higher (2 times) rates of humus accumulation in them in the first period after the development of landscape farming systems. It is during this period that the weedy and rhizomatous stages of restorative succession of the herbaceous flora of forest belts are confined, characterized by a powerful vegetative mass of vegetation and, consequently, an equally significant supply of fresh organic matter, rich in nutrients, into the soil.
Ensuring Environmental Friendliness As the Main Tendency In the Development of the Agro-Industrial Complex
Authors: Borisova Ludmila , Dimitrov Valery
Published: February 2024

The article discusses the possibilities of improving the manageability of agricultural production through the rational use of available land and other agricultural resources, which will increase the environmental friendliness and sustainability of agriculture in the long term. At the same time, state regulation measures should be aimed at increasing the efficiency of the rural economy, improving the quality of life of the rural population, preserving the environment, in particular soil fertility for future generations. The problem of the sustainable development and environmental friendliness of the agricultural sector are analyzed; the need to improve the state socio-economic policy and modern agrarian legislation is emphasized; the problems of ensuring the sustainability of agriculture at the state and regional levels are highlighted; the need to create an effective model for the use of natural resources in order to form sustainable relationships within the national economy; ensuring economic and food security of the country.
Research on treatment of indoor fine dust using a green plant model combined with negative ions
Authors: Quynh Pham Huong , Yen Pham Thi Thanh , Hien Nguyen Thi Thu , Hien Pham Thi Thu
Published: February 2024

Air pollution is a growing environmental problem worldwide. Compelling epidemiological evidence shows that people spend more than 80% of their time indoors, and extensive studies have shown that indoor air pollution has an equal or greater impact on health when compared. with the surrounding environment. This article determines that the level of indoor fine dust pollution with PM2.5 and PM10 is quite high and changes over the seasons. Winter has the highest concentration, specifically PM2.5 accounting for 54g/m3, PM10 accounting for 97g/m3. The model for treating indoor dust with negative ions initially showed positive results with an efficiency of 70-84.8% at a device height of 75cm. This is the basis for further detailed research on fine dust treatment with negative ions.
The impact of diversification of the oil and gas complex on economy of the national Kazakhstan
Authors: Shalbolova Urpash , Bissenov Kylyshbay , Makhanov Sagat
Published: February 2024

Diversification of the oil and gas complex of Kazakhstan is aimed not only at the development and development of oil and gas fields, but also at the further development of the manufacturing industry, in particular, at the construction of new and modernization of existing oil refining capacities. The article presents the results of analytical and research work to determine the effects of diversification on the national economy of Kazakhstan in the case of the construction of a new oil refinery and the modernization of existing production. At the stage of construction of oil refineries, indirect effects for the country's economy mainly appear, as a share of Kazakhstani content. In addition, the activities of the oil refining sector have a multiplier effect on the inter-industry balance in the structure of the national economy. The results of previously conducted studies are presented with an emphasis on multiplier effects, in which economic development takes place in other industries that are most interconnected with the petroleum products production sector. The purpose of the study is to reveal the economic effects for the economy of Kazakhstan when expanding production of oil refining products with added value.
Diagnosis of potato mineral nutrition based on statistical analysis of two variables
Authors: Shoykin Olzhas , Ashirbekov Mukhtar , Malitskaya Natalia , Auzhanova Maria , Tleppaeva Aigul
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the research is to diagnose the mineral nutrition of potatoes based on the characteristics of the relationship between two variables. Potato yield in terms of yield increases to the control and background of mineral nutrition shows how effective doses of mineral fertilizers in double and triple combination are. The most effective option was nitrogen in a 2:1:1 combination at doses of N90P45K45 with an addition to the control of 1.47 t/ha (27.1%), and to the background of 1.28 t/ha (22.8%). In second place in terms of efficiency was the potassium variant in a 1:1:2 combination, where the increase was equal to the fertilizer-free variant of 1.45 t/ha (26.7%) and to the background of 0.98 t/ha (16.6%). Phosphorus fertilizers against the background of N45K45 gave an increase of 0.83 t/ha (14.1%), and in relation to the control – 1.29 t/ ha or 23.8%. Based on the statistical analysis of two variables "x" (fertilizer dose, kg/ha) and "Y" (yield, t/ha or c/ha), it is possible to show how much one indicator changes in relation to the other. Based on correlation and regression analysis, close relationships of two variables were obtained, which corresponded to high correlation coefficients r = 0.91 (nitrogen), r = 0.83 (phosphorus) and r = 0.93 (potassium).
Oilseed flax as a forage crop
Authors: Simagin Alexander , Barsukov Nikolay , Zakharova Sayera , Simagina Anastasia , Vertikova Elena
Published: February 2024

The article presents the results of research for the year 2022. The objects of the research were 6 varieties of oilseed flax. Percentages of raw protein, fiber, ash elements and raw fat were evaluated in the crops. The content of nutrient elements was estimated by infrared spectrometry. In flax the content of the studied elements in seeds was estimated. Among all varieties oilseed flax samples, the highest raw protein yield was provided by VNIIMK 620 PN variety (4.24 c/ha), it also provided the highest ash element yield among flax samples (0.62 c/ha), in addition, this variety is also provided the highest fiber yield (2.65 c/ha). Such high rates in this variety are associated with the highest yield (17.33 c/ha). Because if you look at the percentage of raw fat of all 6 varieties, then Fliz variety was the most oilseed (42.57%), and most proteinous was Svetlyachok variety (25.64%)
Mikrobiom: von der Pathophysiologie in die Klinik?
Authors: Scharl Michael , Rogler Gerhard
Published: February 2024

WAS IST NEU?

Die fest etablierte Indikation der Mikrobiota-Therapie:
Clostridioides-difficile-Infektion

Die fäkale Mikrobiota-Transplantation (FMT,
„Stuhltransplantation“) ist sehr effektiv zur Behandlung der
rezidivierenden Clostridioides-difficile-Diarrhöe. Sie ist nun nach den
nationalen und internationalen Leitlinien spätestens beim zweiten
Rezidiv indiziert. Erste kommerziell hergestellte FMT-Produkte (Rebyota) sind
bereits in den USA zugelassen und bei uns im Zulassungsprozess.
Kapsel-Präparate aus gereinigten Clostridien-Sporen haben bei der
Clostridioides-difficile-Diarrhöe positive Ergebnisse gezeigt und sind
ebenfalls im Prozess der Zulassung.

Mikrobiom und Reizdarmsyndrom

Beim Reizdarmsyndrom sind die Studien zur FMT teilweise widersprüchlich.
Der Verabreichungsweg (Duodenalsonde oder Koloskopie) spielt
möglicherweise eine Rolle.

FMT bei chronisch-entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen

Bei chronisch-entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen verfestigen sich die Belege,
dass FMT bei Colitis ulcerosa wirksam ist, beim Morbus Crohn jedoch nicht.

Das Mikrobiom bei onkologischen Erkrankungen

In der Onkologie verfestigen sich Befunde, dass die Mikrobiota die Immunantwort
gegen Tumoren und Metastasen beeinflussen kann. Erste Studien zeigen, dass bei
manchen Non-Respondern gegenüber einer Checkpoint-Inhibitor-Therapie die
Therapieantwort durch FMT von einem Spender mit gutem Therapieresponse
wiederhergestellt werden kann.
Der MEDPass-Verabreichungsmodus oraler Nahrungssupplemente –
vom Entscheid bis zur Nachbetreuung
Authors: Kaufmann Anita , Uhlmann Katja , Kurmann Silvia
Published: February 2024

Einleitung Orale Nahrungssupplemente können alternativ zur
nicht-standardisierten Verabreichung im sogenannten MEDPass Verabreichungsmodus
in unüblich kleinen Mengen zusammen mit den Medikamentenrunden serviert
werden. Studien zum MEDPass deuten auf eine verbesserte Einnahmeadhärenz
hin. Empfehlungen von Fachgesellschaften für den Einsatz des MEDPass
existieren keine. Wie weit sich der MEDPass in Deutschschweizer
Spitälern und Rehabilitationskliniken etabliert hat und welche
Professionen in welche Prozessschritte involviert sind, ist unbekannt. In dieser
Studie wurde diesen Fragestellungen nachgegangen.

Methodik In Deutschschweizer Spitälern und Rehabilitationskliniken
wurde von März bis April 2022 eine online-Umfrage durchgeführt
und deskriptiv ausgewertet. Pro Institution nahm stellvertretend ein*e
Ernährungsberater*in teil und beantwortete bis zu sechs Fragen
zur Etablierung und bis zu 14 Fragen zu den Prozessschritten des MEDPass.

Ergebnisse Die Rücklaufquote betrug 71.4% (n=80).
Der MEDPass ist in 68.5% (n=50) der Institutionen etabliert.
Ernährungsberater*innen bestimmen den Verabreichungsmodus, die
Dosierung, die Verordnung sowie die Fortführung der Einnahme nach dem
Austritt. Pflegefachpersonen sind für die Verabreichung, die Motivation
der Patient*innen, die Überwachung der Einnahmeadhärenz
und für die Dokumentation der Einnahme zuständig. Im
Austrittsmanagement übernehmen die
Ernährungsberater*innen die Organisation der Kostengutsprache
und die Bestellung der oralen Nahrungssupplemente. In 38.3%
(n=18) der Institutionen werden die Patient*innen
ernährungstherapeutisch nachbetreut.

Schlussfolgerungen Der MEDPass ist trotz fehlender Empfehlung weit
verbreitet. Die Verordnungspraxis weicht von der rechtlichen Situation ab und
ist in der Schweiz weiter in Diskussion. Da die Prozessschritte mehrheitlich
klar den Professionen zugewiesen wurden, können die Resultate als
Wegweiser für die MEDPass Einführung dienen.
The Continued Impact of Godina's Principles: Outcomes of Flap Coverage as a Function of Time After Definitive Fixation of Open Lower Extremity Fractures
Authors: Le Elliot L. H. , McNamara Colin T. , Constantine Ryan S. , Greyson Mark A. , Iorio Matthew L.
Published: February 2024

Background Early soft tissue coverage of open lower extremity fractures within 72 hours of injury leads to improved outcomes. Little is known about outcomes when definitive fixation is completed first. The purpose of this study is to quantify postoperative outcomes when soft tissue reconstruction is delayed until after definitive open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is completed.

Methods An insurance claims database was queried for all patients with open lower extremity fractures between 2010 and 2020 who underwent free or axial flap reconstruction after ORIF. This cohort was stratified into three groups: reconstruction performed 0 to 3, 3 to 7, and 7+ days after ORIF. The primary outcome was 90-day complication and reoperation rates. Bivariate and multivariable regression of all-cause complications and reoperations was evaluated for time to flap as a risk factor.

Results A total of 863 patients with open lower extremity fractures underwent ORIF prior to flap soft tissue reconstruction. In total, 145 (16.8%), 162 (18.8%), and 556 (64.4%) patients underwent soft tissue reconstruction 0 to 3 days, 4 to 7 days, and 7+ days after ORIF, respectively. The 90-day complication rate of surgical site infections ( SSI; 16.6%, 16,7%, 28.8%; p = 0.001) and acute osteomyelitis (5.5%, 6.2%, 27.7%; p < 0.001) increased with delayed soft tissue reconstruction. Irrigation and debridement rates were directly related to time from ORIF to flap (33.8%, 51.9%, 61.9%; p < 0.001). Hardware removal rates were significantly higher with delayed treatment (10.3%, 9.3%, 39.3%; p < 0.001). The 0 to 3 day (odds ratio [OR] = 0.22; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.15, 0.32) and 4 to 7 day (OR = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.17, 0.40) groups showed protective factors against all-cause complications after bivariate and multivariate regression.

Conclusion Early soft tissue reconstruction of open lower extremity fractures performed within 7 days of ORIF reduces complication rates and reduces the variability of complication rates including SSIs, acute osteomyelitis, and hardware failure.
Intimal Hemorrhage of Basilar Artery Induced by Severe Vasospasm Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: The Experimental Analysis
Authors: Gökyar Ahmet , Şahin Mehmet Hakan , Karadağ Mehmet Kürşat , Bahadır Sinan , Zeynal Mete , Sipal Sare Altas , Aydin Mehmet D.
Published: February 2024

Background Cerebral vasospasm, a serious complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), has been extensively studied for its neurochemical and pathophysiologic mechanisms. However, the contribution of inner elastic membrane dissection and subintimal hemorrhage to basilar artery occlusion remains underexplored. This study investigates inner elastic membrane-related changes in the basilar artery after SAH.

Methods Twenty-four hybrid rabbits were divided into control, sham, and SAH groups, with SAH induced by autologous blood injection. After 2 weeks, basilar artery changes, vasospasm indexes (VSIs), and dissections were evaluated.

Results The SAH group showed significantly higher VSI, with vascular wall thickening, luminal narrowing, convoluted smooth muscle cells, intimal elastic membrane disruption, endothelial cell desquamation, and apoptosis. Some SAH animals exhibited subintimal hemorrhage, inner elastic membrane dissection, and ruptures. Basilar arteries with subintimal hemorrhage had notably higher VSI.

Conclusions These findings highlight the role of subintimal hemorrhage and inner elastic membrane dissection in basilar artery occlusion post-SAH, offering valuable insights into vasospasm pathophysiology.
Biomechanical Analysis of Mandibular Premolar Restored with Different Custom Post Core
Authors: Gavranović-Glamoč Alma , Jakupović Selma , Cerjaković Edin , Topčić Alan , Berhamović Emir , Kazazić Lejla , Strujić-Porović Sanela , Šehić Adnan , Bajrić Elmedin
Published: February 2024

Objective This study investigated biomechanical behavior of custom post core made of six different materials on the tooth with and without the ferrule under different occlusal load.

Materials and Methods Three-dimensional models of mandibular first premolar, with and without ferrule, reconstructed from micro-computed tomography image are restored with different custom post core and zirconia crowns. By using the finite element analysis, von Mises stress shown in MPa was measured under simulated axial and oblique load of 200 [N]. To compare the stress distribution, six different custom post core materials were chosen: zirconia, Ni-Cr alloy, gold alloy, glass fiber-polyether ether ketone, polyether ether ketone, and carbon fiber-polyether ether ketone.

Results Custom post cores with a higher modulus of elasticity showed higher measured stress in the posts, but less stress in dentin. Measured stress in custom post core under oblique loading was approximately three times higher compared with axial loading. Stress in custom post core and in dentin under both types of loads was slightly higher in teeth without ferrule effect.

Conclusion The use of custom cast post cores made of different alloys is recommended in restoration of endodontically treated teeth, with extensive loss of tooth structure especially in teeth without ferrule effect.
Bringing better bandwidth and power density for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Ikenson Ben
Published: February 2024

Novel mechanism promises progress for magnetic energy harvesters and the Internet of Things.
Physical model-based ArF photoresist formulation development
Authors: Yue Liwan , Mao Zhibiao , Wu Qiang , Li Yanli , Li Yanqiu
Published: February 2024

Since the logic 28 nm technology and beyond, ArF immersion lithography has been widely used in manufacturing. To fully utilize the potential of the lithographic resolution, process simulation has been used since the lithography process setup step. The accuracy of the model prediction can be a key factor in the process stability, defectivity, and yield of the final product. To get better model prediction, it is very important to develop a process model with as many parameters as possible with physical meanings. Since the analysis of exposure data with a physical model can provide insights into the process and the photoresist material, it may greatly accelerate the photoresist formulation development or improvement process. From another aspect, as the function of the photoresist is to record the aerial image information on wafer, theoretically, the photoresist image should not deviate much from the aerial image or it will inevitably reduce the information content of the aerial image, i.e., through various kinds of averaging, mixing, etc. Since the emergence of Optical Proximity Correction (OPC), the time that takes to finalize a photolithography process has been significantly lengthened and made more complicated. To make the OPC model more reliable and less dependent on patches, a more physical OPC model is necessary. Therefore, it is clear that if we can develop a photoresist formulation to realize a more physical photoresist image, or a photoresist image closer to the aerial image, we can greatly improve the photolithography process performance and the time consumed for the process setup including OPC. In this paper, we focus on several physical model parameters for photoresist, especially the effective photoacid diffusion length and photo decomposable base parameters. We will show that these two parameters can provide a good description of photoresist imaging behavior, and the resist formulation can be improved to match the physical model prediction with more accuracy.
Characterization of carbon-coated core-shell iron nanoparticles annealed by oxygen and nitrogen
Authors: Iglesias Franco , Gonzalez Cristian Reynaga , Baughman Jonah , Wonderling Nichole , Shallenberger Jeffrey , Khodagulyan Armond , Bernal Oscar O. , Kocharian Armen N.
Published: February 2024

Nanocomposites consisting of nanoparticles of iron oxide (Fe3O4) and iron carbide (Fe3C) with a core-shell structure (Fe core, Fe3O4 and/or Fe3C shells) coated with additional graphite-like carbon layer dispersed in carbon matrix have been synthesized by solid-phase pyrolysis of iron-phthalocyanine (FePc) and iron-porphyrin (FePr) with a pyrolysis temperature of 900°C, and post-annealing conducted at temperatures ranging from 150°C to 550°C under controlled oxygen- and/or nitrogen-rich environments. A comprehensive analysis of the samples’ morphology, composition, structure, size, and magnetic characteristics was performed by utilizing scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-STEM) with elemental mapping, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and magnetic measurements by utilizing vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The effect of the annealing process on magnetic performance and efficient control of the hysteresis loop and specific absorption rate (SAR) are discussed.
Hemodynamic regulation allows stable growth of microvascular networks
Authors: Qi Yujia , Chang Shyr-Shea , Wang Yixuan , Chen Cynthia , Baek Kyung In , Hsiai Tzung , Roper Marcus
Published: February 2024

How do vessels find optimal radii? Capillaries are known to adapt their radii to maintain the shear stress of blood flow at the vessel wall at a set point, yet models of adaptation purely based on average shear stress have not been able to produce complex loopy networks that resemble real microvascular systems. For narrow vessels where red blood cells travel in a single file, the shear stress on vessel endothelium peaks sharply when a red blood cell passes through. We show that stable shear-stress-based adaptation is possible if vessel shear stress set points are cued to the stress peaks. Model networks that respond to peak stresses alone can quantitatively reproduce the observed zebrafish trunk microcirculation, including its adaptive trajectory when hematocrit changes or parts of the network are amputated. Our work reveals the potential for mechanotransduction alone to generate stable hydraulically tuned microvascular networks.
Noun phrases in Kwéyòl Donmnik
Authors: Peltier Joy P. G.
Published: February 2024

Though Creole nominal systems have been intensely researched, in-context, corpus-based examinations are uncommon, and there are Creole languages whose noun phrases remain understudied. I use a corpus of conversational data and a pattern-building task designed to elicit demonstrative and definite noun phrases, exophoric reference, and co-speech pointing gestures to explore the noun phrase in Kwéyòl Donmnik, an endangered, understudied French lexifier Creole. I focus on noun phrases that are bare, marked by the post-nominal determiners definitela‘the’ or demonstrativesa-la‘this/that’, or accompanied by the pre-nominal indefinite determineryon‘a(n)’. Results pinpoint the readings conveyed by each noun phrase type, identify the word categories of their nouns, and address similarities in usage between definitelaand demonstrativesa-la.
The distinct localization of CDC42 isoforms is responsible for their specific functions during migration
Authors: Ravichandran Yamini , Hänisch Jan , Murray Kerren , Roca Vanessa , Dingli Florent , Loew Damarys , Sabatet Valentin , Boëda Batiste , Stradal Theresia E. , Etienne-Manneville Sandrine
Published: February 2024

The small G-protein CDC42 is an evolutionary conserved polarity protein and a key regulator of polarized cell functions, including directed cell migration. In vertebrates, alternative splicing gives rise to two CDC42 proteins: the ubiquitously expressed isoform (CDC42u) and the brain isoform (CDC42b), which only differ in their carboxy-terminal sequence, including the CAAX motif essential for their association with membranes. We show that these divergent sequences do not directly affect the range of CDC42’s potential binding partners but indirectly influence CDC42-driven signaling by controlling the subcellular localization of the two isoforms. In astrocytes and neural precursors, which naturally express both variants, CDC42u associates with the leading-edge plasma membrane of migrating cells, where it recruits the Par6-PKCζ complex to fulfill its polarity function. In contrast, CDC42b mainly localizes to intracellular membrane compartments, where it regulates N-WASP-mediated endocytosis. Both CDC42 isoforms contribute their specific functions to promote the chemotaxis of neural precursors, demonstrating that their expression pattern is decisive for tissue-specific cell behavior.
SwinUNet: a multiscale feature learning approach to cardiovascular magnetic resonance parametric mapping for myocardial tissue characterization
Authors: Qi Yifan , Wang Fusheng , Kong Jun , Cao J Jane , Li Yu Y
Published: February 2024

Objective. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) can measure T1 and T2 relaxation times for myocardial tissue characterization. However, the CMR procedure for T1/T2 parametric mapping is time-consuming, making it challenging to scan heart patients routinely in clinical practice. This study aims to accelerate CMR parametric mapping with deep learning. Approach. A deep-learning model, SwinUNet, was developed to accelerate T1/T2 mapping. SwinUNet used a convolutional UNet and a Swin transformer to form a hierarchical 3D computation structure, allowing for analyzing CMR images spatially and temporally with multiscale feature learning. A comparative study was conducted between SwinUNet and an existing deep-learning model, MyoMapNet, which only used temporal analysis for parametric mapping. The T1/T2 mapping performance was evaluated globally using mean absolute error (MAE) and structural similarity index measure (SSIM). The clinical T1/T2 indices for characterizing the left-ventricle myocardial walls were also calculated and evaluated using correlation and Bland–Altman analysis. Main results. We performed accelerated T1 mapping with ≤4 heartbeats and T2 mapping with 2 heartbeats in reference to the clinical standard, which required 11 heartbeats for T1 mapping and 3 heartbeats for T2 mapping. SwinUNet performed well in all the experiments (MAE < 50 ms, SSIM > 0.8, correlation > 0.75, and Bland–Altman agreement limits < 100 ms for T1 mapping; MAE < 1 ms, SSIM > 0.9, correlation > 0.95, and Bland–Altman agreement limits < 1.5 ms for T2 mapping). When the maximal acceleration was used (2 heartbeats), SwinUNet outperformed MyoMapNet and gave measurement accuracy similar to the clinical standard. Significance. SwinUNet offers an optimal solution to CMR parametric mapping for assessing myocardial diseases quantitatively in clinical cardiology.
Questions Concerning Governments in International Organizations
Authors: Pavlopoulos Niko
Published: February 2024

Chapter 5 focuses on questions in international organizations that relate to the international legal regulation of the identity of the governments of states. More specifically, the chapter considers the function of each state’s government as regards the representation of that state in the context of international organizations. It proceeds to discuss the modes and legal significance of recognition of governmental status by international organizations as well as the possibility of relevant state practice. Next, the chapter examines legal questions surrounding a state’s ‘misrepresentation’—that is, a state’s representation not through that state’s government. Additionally, the chapter examines possible limitations imposed by international organizations on state participation on grounds connected to the ostensible identity of its government. In this regard, it focuses on the suspension of rights of membership and how these relate to the general international legal conceptual aspects of governments.
Remote support of an external quality assessment program in 10 laboratories in Bhutan, Uganda, and Malawi: Pathologists Overseas experience between 2009 and 2017
Authors: Harb Roa , Tuggey Robert , Ladenson Jack H , Amukele Timothy
Published: February 2024

Objectives

This article describes Pathologists Overseas (PO) experience supporting external quality assessment (EQA) programs in 10 clinical laboratories across 3 countries between 2009 and 2017.

Methods

Laboratories were enrolled in the condensed chemical pathology EQA program provided by the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia Quality Assurance Program. Participants were given an initial 2- to 4-day in-person training, followed by 1 year of active feedback on performance via emails or phone calls by a PO volunteer.

Results

There were 2 performance metrics: percentage of reported results as a measure of compliance and percentage of acceptable reported results as a measure of accuracy. Laboratories demonstrated high compliance with result reporting, with medians of 69.9%, 71.7%, and 81.3% before, during, and after feedback, respectively. Concomitant medians for the percentage of acceptable reported results were 41.2%, 57.3%, and 53.5%, respectively. Six laboratories had low performance in terms of accuracy at baseline (<60%). Active feedback improved the percentage of acceptable reported results for these lower-performing laboratories.

Conclusions

External quality assessment programs can be successfully adopted long term by laboratories in low-resource settings. Active feedback requires significant time and effort but could be especially beneficial for laboratories with poor baseline performance.
MED15::TFE3 fusion renal cell carcinoma with extensive cystic change: A clinicopathologic and molecular genetic study of 2 cases, with an emphasis on differential diagnosis
Authors: Yin Xiaona , Hu Xingen , Xu Jiayun , Xiong Danting , Zhao Ming
Published: February 2024

Objectives

TFE3-rearranged renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) harbor gene fusions between TFE3 and 1 of many partner genes. MED15::TFE3 fusion RCC is rare, often cystic, and easily misdiagnosed.

Methods

This study aimed to characterize 2 cases of MED15::TFE3 fusion RCC with extensive cystic change using fluorescence in situ hybridization and targeted RNA sequencing.

Results

Both patients were young adult women aged 29 and 35 years. Radiologically, both presented with a cystic Bosniak category II renal lesion. The cysts measured 9.3 cm and 4.8 cm in greatest dimension. Both patients underwent cyst enucleation, and neither had tumor recurrence or metastasis at 26 and 6 months of follow-up, respectively. Microscopically, both tumors were entirely cystic, with thick, fibrous cystic walls lined by small clusters of cells with clear to eosinophilic cytoplasm and uniform, round nuclei with inconspicuous nucleoli. There were also small aggregations of similar clear cells within the cystic walls. Foci of basement membrane–like material depositions were noted in 1 case; calcifications were observed in both cases. Both cases demonstrated nuclear positivity for PAX8 and TFE3 and cytoplasmic staining for Melan-A; HMB45, CAIX, and CK7 were negative. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed that both tumors were positive for TFE3 rearrangements. RNA sequencing identified MED15::TFE3 gene fusions in both cases.

Conclusions

The main differential diagnosis of MED15::TFE3 fusion RCC includes multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential and atypical renal cysts. Molecular confirmation of TFE3 fusion is essential for establishing the correct diagnosis.
Reversible mechanoresponsive luminescence based on an unsymmetrical D-π-A type phenanthroimidazole derivative
Authors: Xie Xide , Luo Bingbing , Sun Yue , Duan Lian , Chen Shuwei , Li Jie
Published: February 2024

A kind of D-π-A mechanoresponsive luminescent molecule 2- (4- (1H-phenanthro[9,10-d] imidazol) benzylidene) malononitrile (ANPPI) was synthesized and characterized by UV absorption, photoluminescence, and other techniques. The obvious mechanoresponsive properties of ANPPI were reversible upon grinding and fuming, and were demonstrated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry.