Mérési módszer a hidrogén porózus formációkban történő tárolhatóságának vizsgálatára
Authors: Dócs Roland , Vadászi Marianna , Szunyog István 
Published: March 2024

Összefoglalás.

A Nemzeti Hidrogénstratégia kiemelt célja a villamosenergia- és
földgáz-infrastruktúra együttműködésével a szezonális áramtárolási képesség
megvalósítása. A villamos energia ilyen mértékű tárolása csak fizikai formában
(gázmolekula) föld alatti tárolókban lehetséges. A Megújuló Energiák Nemzeti
Laboratórium projekt keretében egy egyedi tervezésű és építésű kőzetvizsgáló
berendezés segítségével a hidrogénnel kevert földgáz föld alatti formációkban
történő elhelyezhetőségét vizsgálja. A már kiforrott API RP 40 szabványban leírt
metodikát követve az eszköz újszerűsége abban rejlik, hogy a hidrogén helyett
egy kontrollgáz segítségével határozzuk meg a kőzet kiinduló és megváltozott
paramétereit. A cikkben bemutatásra kerül a mérési módszer szakirodalmi
előzménye és maga a módosított eljárás.

Summary.

Hungary’s National Hydrogen Strategy is giving a priority to the seasonal storage
capacity of electricity in cooperation of the existing electrical- and natural
gas infrastructure. Although there are solutions for electricity storage in
energy form, such as battery packs, none of them are on the scale of the needed
capacity.

However, the problem of seasonal storage could be solved with a different method,
by converting the energy into a physically storable form via gas molecule, which
can be inserted in large quantities into underground structures, thus, the
problem of hydrogen storage is important (Bent 2007). In numerous papers written
regarding this topic, salt domes were found to be the most potential formations
for underground storage (Małachowska et al. 2022). Several existing cases can be
found where hydrogen underground storage tanks were made artificially in such
formations with success. In the country no salt domes are present, therefore
depleted porous hydrocarbon reserves as the second most favorable solution are
available for storage. However, before such actions in such formations can be
taken, further research is needed regarding the long-term hydrogen storage at
high pressure and temperature. One of the major concerns of hydrogen storage is
the possibility of migration through the cap rock, geochemical modifications, or
even structural damage of the bearing rock material.

The Mining and Energy Institute of the University of Miskolc, within the
framework of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory project, takes part in
answering these questions. During the research, the effects of hydrogen-mixed
natural gas storage are examined on rock samples taken from the potential
underground porous formations. Experiments are carried out using custom-designed
and built rock testing equipment with a newly developed measurement procedure.
The method is based on the measurement of steady state permeability according to
the well-established API RP 40 standard and is novel in that it uses a control
gas rather than hydrogen itself to determine the rock parameters before and
after the hydrogen treatment. The method relies on the principle presented in
the experimental work made by Klinkenberg (1941), who found that permeability as
a property of rock could be determined by any fluid. In theory changes developed
in the samples after the hydrogen treatment can be measured and detected by the
control gas.

In the paper, the authors present the literature history of the measurement
method and outline their proposed modified procedure.