bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Next Directions in the Neuroscience of Cancers Arising outside the CNS
Authors: Amit Moran , Anastasaki Corina , Dantzer Robert , Demir Ihsan Ekin , Deneen Benjamin , Dixon Karen O. , Egeblad Mikala , Gibson Erin M. , Hervey-Jumper Shawn L. , Hondermarck Hubert , Magnon Claire , Monje Michelle , Na'ara Shorook , Pan Yuan , Repasky Elizabeth A. , Scheff Nicole N. , Sloan Erica K. , Talbot Sebastien , Tracey Kevin J. , Trotman Lloyd C. , Valiente Manuel , Van Aelst Linda , Venkataramani Varun , Venkatesh Humsa S. , Vermeer Paola D. , Winkler Frank , Wong Richard J. , Gutmann David H. , Borniger Jeremy C.
Published: April 2024

The field of cancer neuroscience has begun to define the contributions of nerves to cancer initiation and progression; here, we highlight the future directions of basic and translational cancer neuroscience for malignancies arising outside of the central nervous system.
Radical Collaboration: Reimagining Cancer Team Science
Authors: Boehm Jesse S. , Jacks Tyler
Published: April 2024

Here, we define a future of cancer team science adopting “radical collaboration”—in which six “Hallmarks of Cancer Collaboration” are utilized to propel cancer teams to reach new levels of productivity and impact in the modern era. This commentary establishes a playbook for cancer team science that can be readily adopted by others.
A Vision for Democratizing Next-Generation Oncology Clinical Trials
Authors: Subbiah Vivek , Horgan Denis , Subbiah Ishwaria M.
Published: April 2024

Revolutionary advancements in oncology have transformed lives, but the clinical trials ecosystem encounters challenges, including restricted access to innovative therapies and a lack of diversity in participant representation. A vision emerges for democratized, globally accessible oncology trials, necessitating collaboration among researchers, clinicians, patients, and policymakers to shift from converting complex, exclusive trials into a dynamic, inclusive force against cancer.
Pushing the Boundaries of Liquid Biopsies for Early Precision Intervention
Authors: Anagnostou Valsamo , Velculescu Victor E.
Published: April 2024

Liquid biopsies are emerging as powerful minimally invasive approaches that have the potential to solve several long-standing problems spanning the continuum of cancer care: early detection of cancer, minimal residual disease tracking, and refinement of the heterogeneity of clinical responses together with therapeutic response monitoring in the metastatic setting. Existing challenges driven by technical limitations and establishment of the clinical value of liquid biopsies represent fields of active research that call for convergence science approaches to bridge scientific discovery with clinical care.
Precision Endpoints for Contemporary Precision Oncology Trials
Authors: Hoo Regina , Chua Kevin L.M. , Panda Pankaj Kumar , Skanderup Anders J. , Tan Daniel S.W.
Published: April 2024

Traditional endpoints such as progression-free survival and overall survival do not fully capture the pharmacologic and pharmacodynamic effects of a therapeutic intervention. Incorporating mechanism-driven biomarkers and validated surrogate proximal endpoints can provide orthogonal readouts of anti-tumor activity and delineate the relative contribution of treatment components on an individual level, highlighting the limitation of solely relying on aggregated readouts from clinical trials to facilitate go/no-go decisions for precision therapies.
Targeting Senescence for Next-Generation Cancer Treatments
Authors: Gilson Eric , Soubeyran Pierre , Solary Eric
Published: April 2024

Cellular senescence has paradoxical effects on cancer emergence, progression, and therapeutic response. We herein identify four lessons that emerged from studying senescence interaction with cancer and emphasize four bottlenecks in the therapeutic manipulation of cellular senescence to prevent or cure cancer.
Accelerating Drug Development Using Spatial Multi-omics
Authors: Goodwin Richard J.A. , Platz Stefan J. , Reis-Filho Jorge S. , Barry Simon T.
Published: April 2024

Spatial biology approaches enabled by innovations in imaging biomarker platforms and artificial intelligence–enabled data integration and analysis provide an assessment of patient and disease heterogeneity at ever-increasing resolution. The utility of spatial biology data in accelerating drug programs, however, requires balancing exploratory discovery investigations against scalable and clinically applicable spatial biomarker analysis.
Supplementary Table 2 from Immune Modulation with RANKL Blockade through Denosumab Treatment in Patients with Cancer
Authors: Chang Hewitt , Marquez Jaqueline , Chen Brandon K. , Kim Daniel M. , Cheng Michael L. , Liu Eric V. , Yang Hai , Zhang Li , Sinha Meenal , Cheung Alexander , Kwek Serena S. , Chow Eric D. , Bridge Mark , Aggarwal Rahul R. , Friedlander Terence W. , Small Eric J. , Anderson Mark , Fong Lawrence
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Table 2
Supplementary Figure 5 from Immune Modulation with RANKL Blockade through Denosumab Treatment in Patients with Cancer
Authors: Chang Hewitt , Marquez Jaqueline , Chen Brandon K. , Kim Daniel M. , Cheng Michael L. , Liu Eric V. , Yang Hai , Zhang Li , Sinha Meenal , Cheung Alexander , Kwek Serena S. , Chow Eric D. , Bridge Mark , Aggarwal Rahul R. , Friedlander Terence W. , Small Eric J. , Anderson Mark , Fong Lawrence
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Figure 5: Effects of concomitant treatments during denosumab treatment
Heatmaps summarizing log2 fold changes from statistical analysis of functional markers CD137, CD27, CD40, CD40L, CD71, CD95, CTLA-4, HLA-DR, ICOS, Ki-67, NKG2D, OX40, PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, TIGIT and TIM3 when comparing (A) patients that received only chemotherapy or chemotherapy and steroids with patients that did not receive chemotherapy or steroids at pretreatment timepoint 1 (TP1) and post-treatment timepoints 2 and 3 (TP2 and TP3); (B) patients received only steroids with patients that received only chemotherapy or chemotherapy and steroids at TP2 and TP3; (C) patients that received only steroids with patients that did not receive chemotherapy or steroids at TP2 and TP3. Each box in the heatmap represents a lymphocyte cluster that was labeled according to the nearest landmark node they connect to on the scaffold map and ordered by cell count abundance. The pseudocolor represents clusters that showed a significant difference (q<0.05) in the log2 fold change, with red being significantly higher, while blue being significantly lower in group 2 of the two comparison groups.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Immune Modulation with RANKL Blockade through Denosumab Treatment in Patients with Cancer
Authors: Chang Hewitt , Marquez Jaqueline , Chen Brandon K. , Kim Daniel M. , Cheng Michael L. , Liu Eric V. , Yang Hai , Zhang Li , Sinha Meenal , Cheung Alexander , Kwek Serena S. , Chow Eric D. , Bridge Mark , Aggarwal Rahul R. , Friedlander Terence W. , Small Eric J. , Anderson Mark , Fong Lawrence
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Figure 2: TREC and RANKL quantitation
(A) Standard curves of tRNA were prepared on every reaction plate in triplicate for 100,000 to 12 TREC copies and β-actin. (B) Gene expression of RANKL in circulating immune cells was quantified by qPCR. Fold-change expression of RANKL is relative to TP1. (C) Concentration of soluble RANKL from plasma was quantified at pretreatment TP1 and at TP3. (D) Gene expression of RANKL was compared between concurrent therapy groups. Fold-change expression of RANKL is relative to TP1.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Immune Modulation with RANKL Blockade through Denosumab Treatment in Patients with Cancer
Authors: Chang Hewitt , Marquez Jaqueline , Chen Brandon K. , Kim Daniel M. , Cheng Michael L. , Liu Eric V. , Yang Hai , Zhang Li , Sinha Meenal , Cheung Alexander , Kwek Serena S. , Chow Eric D. , Bridge Mark , Aggarwal Rahul R. , Friedlander Terence W. , Small Eric J. , Anderson Mark , Fong Lawrence
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Figure 1: Manual gating strategy
A representative patient sample was used to illustrate the gating strategy on Cytobank to create pre-determined landmark nodes for scaffold analysis and clustering.
Supplementary Figure 9 from Induction of Viral Mimicry Upon Loss of DHX9 and ADAR1 in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Cottrell Kyle A. , Ryu Sua , Pierce Jackson R. , Soto Torres Luisangely , Bohlin Holly E. , Schab Angela M. , Weber Jason D.
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Figure 9
Supplementary Figure 7 from Induction of Viral Mimicry Upon Loss of DHX9 and ADAR1 in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Cottrell Kyle A. , Ryu Sua , Pierce Jackson R. , Soto Torres Luisangely , Bohlin Holly E. , Schab Angela M. , Weber Jason D.
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Figure 7
Supplementary Figure 12 from Induction of Viral Mimicry Upon Loss of DHX9 and ADAR1 in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Cottrell Kyle A. , Ryu Sua , Pierce Jackson R. , Soto Torres Luisangely , Bohlin Holly E. , Schab Angela M. , Weber Jason D.
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Figure 12
Supplementary Figure 1 from Induction of Viral Mimicry Upon Loss of DHX9 and ADAR1 in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Cottrell Kyle A. , Ryu Sua , Pierce Jackson R. , Soto Torres Luisangely , Bohlin Holly E. , Schab Angela M. , Weber Jason D.
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Figure 1
FIGURE 3 from Induction of Viral Mimicry Upon Loss of DHX9 and ADAR1 in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Cottrell Kyle A. , Ryu Sua , Pierce Jackson R. , Soto Torres Luisangely , Bohlin Holly E. , Schab Angela M. , Weber Jason D.
Published: April 2024

DHX9 is overexpressed in breast cancer and suppresses PKR activation. A, Schematic showing the domain structure of PKR, ADAR1, DHX9 and other helicases identified by proximity labeling in Fig. 1, dsRBD refers to the dsRNA binding domain. B, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients for the correlation between ADAR1 expression at the RNA level and the expression of each indicated helicase at the RNA level, data from breast tumors within TCGA. Scatterplots showing the correlation between ADAR1-p110 (C), or ADAR1-p150 (D), and DHX9 expression in normal breast or breast tumors. E, Expression of DHX9 at the RNA level in normal breast, non-TNBC or TNBC tumors. F, Waterfall plot showing DHX9 dependency of breast cancer cell lines using data from DepMap, ER = estrogen receptor–positive cell lines, ERRB2 = HER2-positive cell lines. G, Foci formation assay following knockdown of DHX9 with two different shRNAs in four TNBC cell lines. Cells were plated for foci formation 2 days after transduction and foci were stained after 10 days. G, Representative immunoblot following knockdown of DHX9 with two different shRNAs in four TNBC cell lines, same cells as used in G. Protein lysates were collected from cells 4 days after transduction with lentivirus encoding the shRNAs listed. Immunoblots for other replicates and uncropped blots can be found in Source Data Figures. I, Quantification of PKR phosphorylation as determined by the immunoblot in H. Quantification of protein expression for other proteins of interest can be found in Supplementary Fig. S4A–S4E. Bars represent the average of at least three replicates, error bars are ± SD. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001. P values determined by Dunnett test.
Successful Removal and Replacement of a Stuck Hemodialysis Catheter via Thoracotomy: Report of Two Cases and Literature Review
Authors: Fan Yanqin , He Dejiao , Cheng Jing , Wu Zhenzhong , Hao Yiqun , Liu Hongyan
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Stuck tunneled central venous catheters (CVCs) have been increasingly reported. In rare cases, the impossibility of extracting the CVC from the central vein after regular traction is the result of rigid adhesions to the surrounding fibrin sheath. Forced traction during catheter removal can cause serious complications, including cardiac tamponade, hemothorax, and hemorrhagic shock. Knowledge and experience on how to properly manage the stuck catheter are still limited. Case Presentation: Here, we present two cases that highlight the successful removal of the stuck tunneled CVC via thoracotomy through the close collaboration of multidisciplinary specialists in the best possible way. Both patients underwent an unsuccessful attempt at thrombolytic therapy with urokinase, catheter traction under the guidance of digital subtraction angiography and intraluminal balloon dilation. And we reviewed the literature on stuck catheters in the hope of providing knowledge and effective approaches to attempted removal of stuck catheters. Conclusion: There is no standardized procedure for dealing with stuck catheters. Intraluminal percutaneous transluminal angioplasty should be considered as the first-line treatment, while open surgery represents a second option only in the event of failure. Care must be taken that forced extubation can cause patients life-threatening.
Risk of Bias and Methodological Critical Appraisal in Systematic Reviews of Non- and Micro-Invasive Caries Management for Primary and Permanent Teeth
Authors: Laux Caroline Mariano , Elagami Rokaia Ahmed , Santos Adriana dos , Santos Ana Paula Pires dos , Tedesco Tamara Kerber , Gimenez Thais , Raggio Daniela Prócida
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Pediatric dentistry should rely on evidence-based clinical decisions supported by high-quality, unbiased systematic reviews (SRs). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to systematically evaluate the methodological quality and risk of bias of SRs focused on non- and micro-invasive treatment for caries lesions in primary and permanent teeth. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in multiple databases, including MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, Epistemonikos, and ProQuest, up to March 2023 to identify relevant systematic reviews (SRs) focused on non- and micro-invasive caries treatment. Two independent reviewers extracted data from the included SRs and assessed the methodological quality and risk of bias using the AMSTAR 2 and ROBIS tools, respectively. Results: A total of 39 SRs were included in the analysis. Among these, 27 SRs (69.2%) were assessed as having critically low methodological quality, 11 SRs (28.2%) were considered to have low methodological quality, and only one SR was rated as high-quality. The primary concern identified was the absence of protocol registration before commencing of the study, observed in 33 SR when using the AMSTAR 2 tool. According to the ROBIS tool, 21 studies (53.8%) were categorized as low risk of bias, 10 (25.6%) as high risk, and eight (20.5%) as unclear risk of bias. Conclusion: Our analysis revealed that SRs focused on non- and micro-invasive treatment for caries in children and adolescents had critically low methodological quality according to the AMSTAR 2 tool but demonstrated a low risk of bias based on the ROBIS tool. These findings highlight the importance of emphasizing prospective protocol registration, transparent reporting of statistical analyses, and addressing potential bias implications within this topic. By addressing these issues, we can enhance the quality of SRs and ensure that clinical decisions rely on unbiased and trustworthy evidence.
Soluble Factors CD14, CD163, and Migration Inhibitory Factor Are Associated with Endometriosis-Related Infertility
Authors: Rahmawati Nanda Yuli , Ahsan Fadhil , Santoso Budi , Mufid Alfin Firasy , Sa’adi Ashon , Dwiningsih Sri Ratna , Tunjungseto Arif , Widyanugraha M.Y. Ardianta
Published: April 2024

Objectives: Myeloid cell-derived factors contribute to the immunopathology of endometriosis. Soluble CD14 (sCD14), CD163 (sCD163), and MIF serve as in vivo markers of myeloid function. However, these soluble molecules are largely unexplored in women with endometriosis-related infertility cases. We investigated three soluble markers, namely sCD14, sCD163, and MIF, in cases of infertility associated with endometriosis and correlated its level to the stage of endometriosis. Design: Eighty-seven women newly diagnosed with endometriosis or other benign gynecologic control cases linked to infertility were prospectively recruited and underwent diagnostic laparoscopy. Participants: Forty-four patients with endometriosis were included in this study, comprising 19 patients with early-endometriosis (stages I and II) and 25 late-endometriosis (stages III and IV) based on the revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine (rASRM) classification. The remaining 43 patients constituted a control group with infertility due to other causes. Methods: The levels of sCD14, sCD163, and MIF in serum and peritoneal fluid were assessed using ELISA. Results: Endometriosis women exhibited significantly higher serum levels of sCD163 and MIF levels compared to the control group. Both sCD163 and MIF levels displayed a positive correlation with the rASRM adhesion score. Moreover, the MIF level in serum had a positive correlation with the rASRM endometriosis score. In receiver operating characteristic analysis, serum sCD163 and MIF could significantly discriminate endometriosis and non-endometriosis in infertility cases. Limitations: Some limitations of the current study deserve to be underlined. First, the sensitive ELISA method was the sole-validated tool for detecting the markers in patient samples. Second, healthy or fertile women were not involved as the control group. Conclusions: The elevated systemic levels of sCD163 and MIF correlated with the severity of endometriosis. These soluble molecules have a potential diagnostic capacity as a non-invasive biomarker. Furthermore, our data warrants future studies on the underlying mechanism of sCD163 and MIF in endometriosis-related infertility.
Arquiteto Jorge Caron e a Antena da TV Cultura
Authors: Gimenez Luis  Espallargas
Published: April 2024

Torres, como os obeliscos, destacam-se à distância, sinalizam lugares e orientam direções nas cidades, como o Barroco Romano, de maneira análoga aos dólmens que ordenam e qualificam âmbitos místicos e representativos. Sem cobrir ou proteger, são típicas da arquitetura dominante e reconhecida, são marcos do urbanismo formalista. Além disso, a torre corresponde a uma construção ousada, a um problema estrutural crítico, cuja apropriada complementaridade entre configuração e construção revela inteligência e imaginação das opções conceptivas, formais e estruturais. O arquiteto Jorge Caron não descuida os aspectos arquitetônicos, permanentes e históricos no projeto da antena de transmissão para a TV Cultura. Antecipa a presença da torre e propõe a geometria metálica que estabelece o sistema treliçado, redutivo e homogêneo, ou uniforme. O desenho da antena está vinculado à discussão de arquitetura no final do século XX.
Um poema de Caron - Agradecimentos - Créditos das imagens das capas
Authors: Caron Jorge Osvaldo , Ruggiero Amanda Saba , Andrade Carlos Roberto Monteiro de
Published: April 2024

Poema Prólogo de Jorge Caron, agradecimentos.
Processo de reabilitação em quadro agudo de lesão medular por esquistossomose: um relato de caso
Authors: Oliveira Renata Takeyama de , Jesus Ana Carolyne de , Souza Daniel Rubio de
Published: April 2024

Esquistossomose humana é uma doença tropical negligenciada que afeta principalmente populações de baixa renda.
Estimulação magnética transcraniana para dor neuropática em paciente paraplégico: relato de caso
Authors: Resende Giovana de Andrade , Polverini Alan Dias , Araújo Jéssica Peixoto , Siena Wilian Carlos , Barbosa Everton Horiquini , Dalbeto Fábio Augusto Moraes Dias
Published: April 2024

A estimulação elétrica do córtex motor pode aliviar dores crônicas, esse avanço, cientifico, possibilitou o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias não invasivas.
Changes in Cardiac Function Following Fulminant Myocarditis
Authors: Kanaoka Koshiro , Onoue Kenji , Terasaki Satoshi , Nakai Michikazu , Iwanaga Yoshitaka , Miyamoto Yoshihiro , Saito Yoshihiko
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

The natural history of myocardial dysfunction in patients with fulminant myocarditis is poorly understood. This study aims to evaluate changes in cardiac function in patients with fulminant myocarditis using a nationwide registry in Japan.

METHODS:

This retrospective cohort study included patients with biopsy-proven fulminant myocarditis and available for left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). We described the LVEF on admission, at discharge, and 1 year after discharge. We divided patients into 2 groups based on LVEF at discharge (reduced ejection fraction of <50% or preserved ejection fraction of ≥50%) and analyzed changes in LVEF and prognosis according to groups.

RESULTS:

We included 214 patients (the median [first–third quartiles] age of the cohort was 48 [35–62] years, and 63 [38%] were female). Of 153 patients available for LVEF at 1 year, the median (first–third quartiles) LVEF increased from 33% (21–45%) on admission to 59% (49–64%) at discharge and further to 61% (55–66%) at 1 year. Of 153 patients, 45 (29%) and 22 (14%) had LVEF <50% at discharge and at 1 year, respectively. Comparisons between patients with LVEF <50% and those with LVEF ≥50% demonstrated that the former group had a higher adjusted probability of death or heart transplantation (hazard ratio, 8.19 [95% CI, 2.13–31.5];
P
=0.002).

CONCLUSIONS:

Some patients with fulminant myocarditis had left ventricular dysfunction in the chronic phase. Patients with reduced left ventricular function at discharge had a worse prognosis than those with preserved left ventricular function.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000045352
; Unique identifier: UMIN000039763.
Impact of Age-Related Change in Caval Flow Ratio on Hepatic Flow Distribution in the Fontan Circulation
Authors: Govindarajan Vijay , Marshall Lauren , Sahni Akshita , Cetatoiu Maria A. , Eickhoff Emily E. , Davee Jocelyn , St. Clair Nicole , Schulz Noah E. , Hoganson David M. , Hammer Peter E. , Ghelani Sunil J. , Prakash Ashwin , del Nido Pedro J. , Rathod Rahul H.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

The Fontan operation is a palliative technique for patients born with single ventricle heart disease. The superior vena cava (SVC), inferior vena cava (IVC), and hepatic veins are connected to the pulmonary arteries in a total cavopulmonary connection by an extracardiac conduit or a lateral tunnel connection. A balanced hepatic flow distribution (HFD) to both lungs is essential to prevent pulmonary arteriovenous malformations and cyanosis. HFD is highly dependent on the local hemodynamics. The effect of age-related changes in caval inflows on HFD was evaluated using cardiac magnetic resonance data and patient-specific computational fluid dynamics modeling.

METHODS:

SVC and IVC flow from 414 patients with Fontan were collected to establish a relationship between SVC:IVC flow ratio and age. Computational fluid dynamics modeling was performed in 60 (30 extracardiac and 30 lateral tunnel) patient models to quantify the HFD that corresponded to patient ages of 3, 8, and 15 years, respectively.

RESULTS:

SVC:IVC flow ratio inverted at ≈8 years of age, indicating a clear shift to lower body flow predominance. Our data showed that variation of HFD in response to age-related changes in caval inflows (SVC:IVC, 2, 1, and 0.5 corresponded to ages, 3, 8, and 15+, respectively) was not significant for extracardiac but statistically significant for lateral tunnel cohorts. For all 3 caval inflow ratios, a positive correlation existed between the IVC flow distribution to both the lungs and the HFD. However, as the SVC:IVC ratio changed from 2 to 0.5 (age, 3–15+) years, the correlation’s strength decreased from 0.87 to 0.64, due to potential flow perturbation as IVC flow momentum increased.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our analysis provided quantitative insights into the impact of the changing caval inflows on Fontan’s long-term HFD, highlighting the importance of SVC:IVC variations over time on Fontan’s long-term hemodynamics. These findings broaden our understanding of Fontan hemodynamics and patient outcomes.
The Theurgic Power of Intellectual, Meditative, and Moralistic Engagement: Safrin’s Otsar haḤayim
Authors: Sachs-Shmueli Leore
Published: April 2024

In its rationalization of the commandments, Otsar haḤayim, by Yitṣḥak Ayzik Yehuda Yeḥiel Safrin of Komarno, integrates Talmudic, halakhic, kabbalistic, and Hasidic traditions. Safrin’s theurgic system expands Lurianic traditions to include a multidimensional interiorized practice that can be traced to the Baal Shem Tov (the Besht), the legendary founder of Hasidism. This article argue that Safrin’s interiorization went hand in hand with stipulating a strict adherence to practical fulfillment of halakhic norms. Furthermore, in his writings, Safrin upheld all the dominant, traditional models regarding the kabbalistic efficacy of the commandments – theurgic, magical, and ecstatic – expanding them (not replacing them) to include not only their practical performance but also a variety of interiorized practices. Additionally, each of these performances encompasses a moralistic aspect – repairing sin, transgression, and encouraging a person to strive for self-perfection in divine worship.
Ancien Regime Jurisprudence Shaped by a Primordial Jewish-Christian Polemic
Authors: Herman Shael
Published: April 2024

In the eighteenth century, Jewish-Christian polemics fueled a legal dualism among French officials, Jewish communities, and Christian Hebraists. Out of this friction emerged the Recueil des Loix, Coutumes, et Usages Observes par les Juifs de Metz, which illuminated Jewish laws for French judges unschooled in Hebrew and the regional Judeo-Allemande dialect. Metz officials’ request for the Recueil cheered Jewish leaders who hoped to enhance Christian interest in the community’s internal life, even as skeptical Metz Jews likely suspected intensified surveillance of their transactions both among themselves and with Christians. Still, in interpreting Jewish law, ancien regime courts did not uniformly promote antisemitism. On the contrary, as seen in the compilation of the Recueil, judges often explored Jewish law with genuine curiosity and sought to reconcile it with Christian ideals, even if some judges clung to a hope of converting Jews, for which purpose Jewish law needed to be understood.
Halakhic Crypticity
Authors: Mashiach Amir
Published: April 2024

Medieval Jewish philosophers used cryptic writing 1) to protect innocent believers whose faith could be harmed by uncustomary ideas; 2) to protect the philosopher, whose societal standing might be risked through the expression of uncustomary views; and 3) as a normative characteristic of how philosophy was written. This article demonstrates that, in the halakhic literature, this same technique was utilized by halakhic decisors, and for reasons similar to those of philosophers. A contemporary example helps to make the point. Rabbi Shlomo Zalman Auerbach, one of the most prominent twentieth century rabbis, used this approach for two of the three reasons cited: to protect readers from falling into inappropriate religious practice and to protect his own status in a community that valued halakhic uniformity. Rabbi Auerbach thus exemplifies the use of halakhic crypticity to maintain a distinction between theoretical “decisions rules” and practical “conduct rules.”
Confirmation – a Space for Human and Divine Action. Traditional Ritual in the Process of Changes in Secular Czechia
Authors: Landová Tabita
Published: April 2024

Work with confirmands and the concept of confirmation have undergone a number of changes in recent decades. This study explores the changes that have taken place in the largest Protestant church in Czechia, the Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren. With the help of empirical research, it attempts to trace general trends and confronts them with the proposal of a new confirmation liturgy of the ECCB (2023), current theories of confirmation, and the results of European research on confirmation. It concludes by showing the difficulties inherent in trying to reduce confirmation to one core meaning, and recommends that a balance is sought between the subjective and objective as well as theological and anthropological dimensions. Confirmation is both an opportunity to accompany adolescents with intercession and blessing on the journey of faith that began with baptism, and a space where they can respond to it and assume their own religious responsibility.
Ascertaining the Effect of Limitation of Time for Recourse against International Arbitral Award in Nigeria
Authors: Olorunfemi John Funsho , Ibe Kingsley
Published: April 2024

Unlike article 34 of the UNCITRAL Model Law which prescribes three months limitation period for recourse against arbitral award, section 48 of the Nigerian Arbitration Act (ACA) does not specifically contain any limitation period. However, section 29(1) of the ACA which has general application provides for three months limitation period from the date of award within which a party can apply to set aside an award on the ground that the arbitral tribunal exceeded its scope of submission. The aim of this paper is to ascertain the scope, application and effect of the relevant provisions of the ACA by evaluating relevant judicial decisions. This paper adopts the doctrinal methodology by relying on relevant statutes, judicial decisions and literature. The paper points out the issues arising from computation of time as to whether limitation time starts to run from the date of award or when the award is received by the parties or their legal representatives and calls for judicial rethinking. The paper finds that the virtual repetition of the grounds for recourse against international arbitral award in the grounds for refusal of recognition and enforcement may give an unsuccessful party a bite of another cherry. In order not to defeat the essence of the limitation period, the paper recommends necessary legislative reforms.
The Agency of Christian Women and the Female Threat to Episcopal Power in Fourth Century Rome
Authors: Patzelt Maik
Published: April 2024

This contribution sets the Christian widows in Rome in the late fourth century CE and their agency within their social milieu: the Roman elite. In doing so, it argues (a) that the agency of these widows built on class-specific dispositions rather than genuinely ‘female’ or religious dispositions, and (b) that such agency allowed these women to establish a network of influence and power that even threatened the episcopal power.
The Heterarchy of the Roman Galli
Authors: Lätzer-Lasar Asuman
Published: April 2024

Aim of this paper is to describe the strategies that a specific type of Roman priests, namely the galli who worshipped the goddess Mater Magna, used to enhance their own religious authority. By doing so, they were transcending a state-given political hierarchy and a long established social normativity, namely the masculine hegemony of the ancient Roman society. More generally, temporary priestly offices were highly political: every Roman statesman had to fulfil at least one such office for some time during his life. However, there were also priests and priestesses that held their offices for life. Lacking the possibility of generating prestige through warfare or political success, like Roman statesmen, the galli had to garner prestige in their lifelong priesthood, and consequently social power, through different aspects. Specific religious services, such as sacrifices, spells, etc., were one possibility. However, the galli’s power could also have been generated through social aspects, such as habitus, which is rooted in the living conditions, the cultural milieu, and the biography of an individual (Schreg, Zerres, et al. 2013, 101). This article discusses the case of the priesthood of the Mater Magna cult, a religion that emerged in Rome at the end of the 3rd century BCE and in which the priests applied a specific form of stigma management to foster their religious authority. I argue that the priesthood of the Mater Magna—although they were even defamed by the Roman intellectuals for their inconclusive sex—made use of their ‘otherness’ to generate a certain religious authority, as a form of stigma management, that elevated them in the social hierarchy and created heterarchical relations.
Detection of Acheta domesticus by real-time PCR in food and feed
Authors: Jilkova D. , Marien A. , Hulin J. , Zdenkova K. , Fumiere O. , Cermakova E. , Berben G. , Debode F.
Published: April 2024

Edible insects are rich in protein and can serve as a significant source of vitamins and minerals. The house cricket (Acheta domesticus) stands out as one of the most nutritious edible insects. In various parts of the world, crickets are consumed roasted, baked, fried, boiled and in the form of cricket flour, a powder of dried and ground crickets. In Europe, processed animal proteins derived from eight insect species (including A. domesticus) have received authorization for use in fish, pig and poultry feed. Therefore, the development of a method for detecting house crickets is essential to verify product compliance and provide accurate labelling information to the end user. In this study, we have established a real-time PCR assay for the specific detection of house crickets. This method is based on the amplification of a mitochondrial fragment that codes for cytochrome b. We assessed its specificity by testing it against 39 other insect species, 7 plant species and 31 other animal species. Furthermore, we successfully evaluated the amplification efficiency, sensitivity, robustness, applicability on commercial samples and transferability to a second laboratory.
Land, Town, Temple: the Aesthetics of the “Lyrical Preludes” in Tamil Talapurāṇams
Authors: Peres Ofer
Published: April 2024

Talapurāṇam is one of the most prolific genres of early modern Tamil literature. Unlike its Sanskrit counterpart (sthala\kṣetra-māhātmya) the works of this genre are composed in the form and style of high poetry. One distinctive feature of the genre is the inclusion of descriptive chapters that focus on the land and town eulogized in the texts. These chapters, which I term “lyrical preludes,” were never formalized by traditional poeticians. In this article, I present a preliminary analysis of Tamil talapurāṇams’ lyrical preludes: their sources of inspiration, structural patterns, recurrent themes, and aesthetic principles.
Japan for Example – National Character as the Driving Force of National Progress in Thai Conservative Writings about Japan
Authors: Malitz David M.
Published: April 2024

Japan has been considered a role-model for the successful pursuit of ‘progress’ or national development in Siam/Thailand since the late 19th century. As this article shows, the Japanese exemplar played a significant role in Siamese/Thai political discourse, with three of the kingdom’s most important conservative thinkers – King Vajiravudh, Luang Wichit Wathakan, and Mom Ratchawong Kukrit Pramoj – writing in detail about Japanese history and interpreting Japanese battlefield and economic successes as the outcome of the national character of the Japanese. In contrast, the role of political institutions and institutional change in shaping human decisions and actions has been largely ignored by them. The message of these works is that to pursue national ‘progress’, the Siamese/Thai need to be more like the stereotypical Japanese, and become more disciplined, and patriotic, as well as cooperating for the national good rather than pursuing particular interests.
The Liberal Voice of Taiwan in Contemporary Confucian Political Philosophy
Authors: Tseng Roy
Published: April 2024

This essay serves as a rejoinder to the four commentaries on my work concerning Confucian liberalism. I appreciate this opportunity to elucidate the primary objective of the book, which is to formulate a normatively appealing version of Confucian liberalism through a fresh interpretation of Mou Zongsan’s legacy from a comparative perspective. In addition to clarifying the methodological considerations and addressing certain key topics that remained unclear or unexplored in the book, I aim to illuminate the features of Taiwan's constitutional democracy and civic culture from the standpoint of Confucian liberalism.
From the Phenomenology of Reactivation to the Hermeneutics of Innovation
Authors: Geniusas Saulius
Published: April 2024

While in Husserl’s and Merleau-Ponty’s writings, the concept of sedimentation was linked to that of reactivation, Ricœur replaced the juxtaposition of these two concepts with the collocation of sedimentation and innovation. The central goal of this paper is to clarify why Ricœur replaces the phenomenological concept of reactivation with the hermeneutical concept of innovation. After explicating how reactivation was understood in Husserlian phenomenology, I show why this concept is out of place in Ricœur’s phenomenological hermeneutics. I further identify four possible ways to understand the relation between Ricœur’s hermeneutics of innovation and Husserl’s phenomenology of reactivation. Afterwards, while offering a detailed analysis of the threefold mimesis—the central theme in Ricœur’s Time and Narrative—I show that Ricœur’s concept of innovation is tied to that of productive imagination. Ricœur’s productive imagination is therefore not any kind of creatio ex nihilo. Being rooted in cultural and historical worlds, productive imagination configures and reconfigures the world against the background of sedimented prefigurations. While Husserl had offered a vertical model to understand sedimentations, and while Merleau-Ponty had replaced this model with a horizontal one, Ricœur’s model can be qualified as circular: the dialectical play of sedimentations and innovations shapes the hermeneutical circle within which the human experience of the world unfolds. This means: just as productive imagination is grounded in sedimentations, so also, sedimentations spring from productive imagination.
Rediscovery of the genus Saigonita Kiriakoff (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Agaristinae), with an updated checklist of Agaristinae from China
Authors: HUANG SI-YAO , HOU YONG-XIANG , CHEN LIU-SHENG
Published: April 2024

The enigmatic agaristine genus Saigonita Kiriakoff, 1971 is rediscovered and recorded from Hainan, Southern China for the first time. The adults are illustrated for the first time. The generic characters of Saigonita are also discussed and modified. An updated checklist of the members of Agaristinae from China is presented, and a new synonym is proposed: Cruriopsis funebris (Moore, 1872) = Callimorpha nigralba Fang, 2000, syn. nov.
The Pendulum of Translating Russian Literature in Finland
Authors: Huttunen Tomi , Jänis Marja , Pesonen Pekka
Published: April 2024

This essay examines the translation and reception of Russian literature in Finland from the early nineteenth century until today. Our research suggests that bilateral contacts and common history with Russia have influenced Finnish translation decisions more than the evident European context of Russian literature. In Finland, relationship with Russia and attitudes to its culture have always been politicized by geographical proximity. Hostile relations have impacted translations, but during more friendly times, resurgent curiosity about Russian culture has sparked more intensive translation activities. Since the early days of Finnish literature, only a few intellectuals mastered their Eastern neighbour’s language or knew its culture well enough to translate Russian literature into Finnish. Consequently, translating Russian literature has been highly dependent on individual mediators, often with a transnational identity. At the same time, translations of Russian literature have, for Finns, been a means to interpret the Russian mentality and culture, and to analyse, forecast or evaluate the political tendencies in their larger neighbour.
The Reception of Russian and Soviet Literature in Interwar and Postwar Greece
Authors: Zampouka Niovi
Published: April 2024

Twentieth-century Greek reception of Russian and Soviet literature was largely shaped by the polarized political conditions historically prevailing in Greece; they can be most effectively examined within the comparative context of Greek-Soviet literary relations. This chapter offers a historical overview of the main stages, aspects and tendencies of the dissemination and reception of Russian and Soviet literature in this context, focusing on the period from its peak (following the October Revolution), to the approximate end of the Greek military junta in the mid-1970s. I also discuss the Greek appropriation of Socialist Realism. In this context, mediation by the exiled Greek Communist Party, which channelled in various ways the transmission of both Russian literature in Greece and Greek literature in the Soviet Union, is significant. Almost wholly monopolized by left-leaning intelligentsia, who promoted official Soviet literature, the Greek canon of twentieth-century Russian prose failed to introduce seminal Russian avant-garde and modernist poetics.
Maksim Gorky and Arabic Literature
Authors: Gintsburg Sarali
Published: April 2024

Although the interconnectedness of Russian and Arabic literatures has been examined by Soviet and Russian Arabists, their research remains largely unknown to Western comparativists. The mutual influence between these two literary traditions goes beyond mere literary translation while also transcending a straightforward bilateral relationship. Building on the ideas of David Damrosch, I summarize the impact of Maksim Gorky and his literary works on contemporary Arab literature. In the Arab world, Gorky remains one of the most popular and influential Soviet Russian writers, even legendary. There was a popular belief among Arabs that Gorky learned to read from the Russian translation of The Thousand and One Nights, even that the writer had Eastern origins. As one of the Russian writers most widely translated into Arabic, Gorky reappears in new translations even today. This chapter offers a brief critical review of his works translated into Arabic in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, followed by an examination of his influence on the Egyptian writer Khairy Shalabi (1938- 2011), and the Franco-Egyptian writer Albert Cossery (1913-2008). By including Francophone Arabic writing, I show the complex trajectory of Gorky’s influence on Arab literature and beyond.
Translating Russian Literature in Brazil
Authors: Baretto Gomide Bruno
Published: April 2024

In this chapter, I study the history of translating Russian literature in Brazil from the 1930s to the 1970s. This period witnessed the formation of a network between the publishing market, cultural journalism, local translators, émigré translators and the University of São Paulo. I comment on the following aspects: 1) the first (1930s) translations made directly from Russian, for Iurii Zel’tsov, a Jewish-Russian emigrant publisher from Riga; 2) debates during the 1940s on the role of the “French” paradigm of treatment of Russian texts and on the need to professionalize the work of translators from the Russian language; 3) the central role of the series of Dostoevsky’s works by the publisher José Olympio; 4) the debate around Lila Guerrero’s translations of Maiakovskii 5) Boris Schnaiderman’s early translations and the creation of the Russian literature course at the University of São Paulo; 6) the connection of this Brazilian scene to a transnational network of translators (Robel, Ripellino and others). The essay concludes with a commentary on Boris Schnaiderman’s 1974 Habilitation thesis (his translation of Dostoevsky’s story ‘Mr Prokarchin’), which consolidated his style of translating Russian literature into Brazilian Portuguese.
The Last Soviet Border
Authors: Puñales–Alpízar Damaris
Published: April 2024

During the Cold War, translation practices became a tool of geopolitical influence for disseminating socialist ideology. The Eastern bloc in general, particularly the Soviet Union, devoted an extraordinary amount of resources, both economic and human, to developing and bolstering a translation system that allowed for the production, circulation, and consumption of literary works otherwise left out of the World Literature order dominated by Western texts. More specifically, the Cuban Revolution of 1959 allowed for the expansion of the Soviet ideological borders, and the island became the Soviet doorway to Latin America. This essay will explore the scope, intensity, and consequences of the practices of literary Soviet translations in Cuba.
“Should We Phenobarb-it-All?” A Phenobarbital-Based Protocol for Non-Intensive Care Unit Trauma Patients at High Risk of or Experiencing Alcohol Withdrawal
Authors: Wang Michelle , Falank Carolyne , Simboli Vincent , Ontengco Julianne B. , Spurling Brandi , Rappold Joseph , Chung Bruce , Smith Kathryn E.
Published: April 2024

Background

Alcohol use is frequent in trauma patients and alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is associated with significant morbidity. Benzodiazepines are commonly used for AWS, but may cause neurologic and respiratory adverse events (AEs). The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a phenobarbital-based protocol for the treatment of AWS in non-intensive care unit (ICU) trauma patients.

Methods

Adult non-ICU trauma patients at high risk of or experiencing AWS PRE and POST implementation of a phenobarbital-based protocol were included. Outcomes were AWS-related complications (AWS-RC), benzodiazepine use, adjunctive medication use, hospital length of stay (HLOS), and medication-related AEs. Subgroup analyses were performed on patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), rib fractures, and at high risk of severe AWS.

Results

Overall, 110 patients were included (51 PRE, 59 POST). AWS-RC developed in 17 PRE patients compared to 10 POST patients (33% vs 17%; P = .05). PRE patients were more likely to receive benzodiazepines (88% vs 42%, P < .0001) and higher total dose (11 vs 4 mg lorazepam equivalent; P = .001). No difference noted in HLOS (8 vs 8 days, P = .27), adjunctive medication use (49% vs 54%, P = .60), or AEs (57% vs 39%, P = .06). There was no difference in AWS-RC in the TBI subgroup ( P = .19), less AEs in the rib fracture POST subgroup ( P = .04), and less AWS-RC in the high risk of severe AWS POST subgroup ( P = .03).

Discussion

A phenobarbital-based protocol in trauma patients is effective in preventing AWS-RC and decreasing benzodiazepine use without increasing AEs.
Evaluation of Transmission Near the Christiansen Wavelength for Dynamic Sand Samples
Authors: McGinnis Cobey L. , Frantz Jesse A. , Myers Jason D. , Clabeau Anthony R. , Moore Austin F. , Ewing Kenneth J. , Hart Matthew B. , Watnick Abbie T. , Sanghera Jasbinder S.
Published: April 2024

Many optical applications, including free-space optical communications, lidar, and astronomical measurements, are impacted by the presence of light-scattering particles also known as obscurants. Scattering from particles consisting of sand, dust, dirt, and other substances can significantly degrade optical signals. For many obscurants, the index of refraction is dependent on the wavelength of light, and there exists a Christiansen wavelength (λc) at which scattering is at a minimum. At λc the index of refraction of the scattering particles (ns) matches that of the surrounding medium, in this case air (with refractive index na). This condition makes the scattering particulates almost invisible to the propagating light, minimizing scattering and increasing transmission at λc. Previously, the authors showed a technique for measuring the index of refraction n(λ) and the extinction coefficient k(λ) using spectroscopic ellipsometry for various sand samples. Spectroscopic measurements on static sand samples demonstrated good agreement with the predicted spectral properties and highlighted the presence of a Christiansen feature near 8 µm. However, in outdoor environments, the scattering particles are never stationary but in a constant state of motion. In this work, spectroscopic measurements on dynamic sand samples (sand that is falling through the optical beam path) show two Christiansen features seen previously in predicted and observed static sand measurements. Additionally, we characterize, for the first time, transmission around a Christiansen feature using a tunable laser and show results consistent with other spectroscopic measurements.