bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Performance Test of Solvent-Free Heavy-Duty Polyurethane Coating
Authors: Zhang Wu Ying , Gao Wei , Lin Feng
Published: April 2014

Isocyanate-terminated prepolymer was prepared by reaction of polyether polyols with toluene diisocynate and was modified by adding CaO, hydroxyl silicone oil and hexamethylene diisocyanate, then solvent-free heavy-duty PU coating was got. The curing process of coating was studied by infrared spectrum. Physical, chemical and electrochemical properties of the coating were tested. The results showed that the coating could finish curing in 20 h at room temperature and its adhesion on the substrate of rusted carbon steel was 11.22 MPa. There was no rust change when the salt fog resistance reached 2200 h, the open-circuit potential electrode of coating showed the anticorrosion mechanism of it was given priority to shielding, linear polarization resistance of it exceeded 220 kΩcm2. All the above showed that solvent-free heavy-duty polyurethane coating had excellent anti-corrosion performance.
A Review on Synthetic Skin: Materials Investigation, Experimentation and Simulation
Authors: Mohd Noor Siti Noor Azizzati , Mahmud Jamaluddin
Published: April 2014

The skin, which acts as a protector of the body from potentially harmful external environment is a multi-layered tissue that exhibits complex mechanical behaviour. The aim of this paper is to review available studies of human skin using experimental and numerical methods in determining the mechanical properties of skin. Mechanical properties of skin are vital to the certain industries such as surgical, cosmetics, forensic science and etc., where skin study currently leads to the development of an ultimate skin-like substitute that contains anatomy and physiology characteristics. A number of research papers and journals related to skin were revised and currently findings show that available information in regard to skin biomechanical properties is limited and the actual skin behavior is not comprehensively examined. Nevertheless, further in-depth research is required to develop appropriate techniques in estimating the skin properties which are valuable to the development of biomechanics study of skin.
The Engineering Application of New Method for Calculating Seismic Active Earth Pressure of Soil-Nailing Retaining Structures
Authors: Wang Yong Sheng , Wu Li Hua
Published: April 2014

Based on the method for calculating seismic active earth pressure of soil-nailing retaining structures literature [ , the effect of horizontal seismic coefficient on seismic active earth pressure and the most dangerous sliding are analyzed in connection with practical engineering projects, and compared with the result which is not considered the seismic action. Results show that The existence of soil nails can effectively reduce the lateral pressure of supporting structures under earthquake ground motions and make the sliding surface slowly move to the wall back; Increased along with the height of soil nailing wall;With the increase of the height of soil nailing wall ,facing wall the sliding movement amplitude increase under the action of earthquake, and the soil nail length is growing.
Alkali Pre-Treatment Dyeing Technology for Hemp/Cotton/Polyester Knitted Fabric
Authors: Zeng Xian Ping , Liu Jin Fa
Published: April 2014

In this paper, the hemp / cotton / polyester mesh knitted fabric (Han / C / T) is treated by alkali treatment, conventional dyeing and alkali pre-treatment dyeing. We have obtained the conclusion that alkali treatment improves the dyeing effect. Alkali pre-treatment dyeing was done after alkali treatment. The fabric dyeing effect is improved obviously. The optimum process come from orthogonal experiment (dyes 2.5% owf, Na2SO4 :30g/L, Na2CO3:10g/L, liquor ratio (1:50) and 90°C×50 min). Through this optimum process, dyeing effect for hemp / cotton / polyester mesh knitted fabric is close to the pure cotton fabric dyeing effect.
Preparation of PAA-Ch/Hydrogel, it Containing Bone Cell, PRP Nanocomposites and the Animal Trials
Authors: Wu Te Hsing , Lin Hong Ru
Published: April 2014

In this paper, PAA-Ch/hydrogel compounds and it containing PRP (platelet-rich-plasma), bone cell composites were obtained by UV light or γ-ray irradiation method forscaffold material application. We utilized nanosized silica solution, natural chitosan and acrylicacid (AAc) as raw material to synthesize PAA-Ch/hydrogel products. The identified func-tional group peaks from FTIR has shown the evidence for the successful grafting of PAA-Ch-Si hydrogel nanocomposites through radiation co-polymerization procedure. The mechanical property analysis indicate that PAA-Ch/hydrogels have strong compressive strength and fitted friction coefficients when PAA incorporated with both chitosan and nano-silica. We also obtained that the animal models of PAA-Ch/ hydrogel composites and it incorporating PRP,bone cell as the bone supplying materials. The animal tests results proved that these composites are more compatible and efficacious for bone defect healing.
Research on Wettability and Microstructure for the Petals of Nasturtium, Canna and Rose
Authors: Wang Qing Cheng , Yang Xiao Dong , Shang Guang Rui
Published: April 2014

This paper studied wettability of three typical petals such as nasturtium, canna and rose. Contact angle of several typical petals were measured by the contact angle measuring instrumen, which were 154.6°,151.5°and 153.4°respectively. Microstructure of the nasturtium petals, canna petals and rose petals were observed through scanning electron microscopy, It found that 3 typical petals are composite structure of micronscale and nanoscale, although their forms is different, they all have superhydrophobic function. This paper analyzed the reasons for the superhydrophobicity for different microstructures of three typical petals.
Selection of a Mutant Strain Streptococcus equi SH-109 and Optimization of Culture Conditions for the Production of High Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid
Authors: Feng Jian Cheng , Zhang Rong Hu
Published: April 2014

A high molecular weight hyaluronic acid-producing mutant, designated as Streptococcus equi SH-109 that did not produce streptolysin or hyaluronidase was selected from wild-type Streptococcus equi SH-0 by NTG treatment. The selected mutant could produce high molecular weight HA and had perfect genetic stability after reproduction. Several culture conditions were optimized in a 5-l fermentor for the production of hyaluronic acid. It was found that the optimal pH and agitation speed were 7.6 and 550rpm, respectively. Under the optimized culture condition, hyaluronic acid with a molecular weight of 4.0 x 106 was accumulated in the culture broth.
Study on Processing Technology of Oil-Tea-Cake on Acid Dye Neutral Red Wastewater
Authors: Jiang Xin Long , Jiang Yi Hua , Cai Cheng Gang
Published: April 2014

Orthogonal experiment optimization of adsorption conditions with the factors of pH value, adsorption temperature, adsorption time, amount of adsorbent of neutral red wastewater by oil tea cake were studied.The results showed that optimum optimal parameters for adsorption conditions were of adsorbent concentration of 200 mg·L-1, adsorbent particle size of 60~80 mesh, pH 6.0, adsorbent amount of 2.0 g·L-1, adsorption time and temperature of 1.5 h and 30 °C, respectively. The maximal absorption rate got 97.15%.The wastewater of treatment meet the national wastewater discharge standard.The oil tea cake is a promising, cheap, efficient, new biological materials of adsorption for neutral red in wastewater.
Schisandrae chinensis Extract Repaired Microwave Induced Hepatic Injury
Authors: Li Yan , Liu Yv Lian , Zhang Wei , Ji Peng Yan , Zhao Dong Hai , Li Qing Hua , Lv Shi Jie
Published: April 2014

To investigate the influence of Schisandrae Chinensis Extract on hepatic injury of rats with microwave. Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (control group, microwave radiation group and schisandrae chinensis extract prevention group). Then the rats of schisandrae chinensis extract prevention group were supplyed individually with schisandrae chinensis extract for 5 days before the microwave radiation. After that, the morphology of the livers was observed using HE staining, and the expressions of t-JNK1/2 and p-JNK1/2 were analyzed by western-blotting in the rats. The histological results showed the pathological injury in the liver tissue was improved in all schisandrae chinensis extract prevention groups, and a significant increase of p-JNK1/2 was observed in liver cells after treatment with 200mW/cm2 microwave for 24 h. It also show that pretreated with schisandrae chinensis extract could inhibit the phosphorylation of JNK1/2. These results suggested that schisandrae chinensis extract could obviously lessened the hepatic injury induced by microwave.
A BP-ANN Based Surrogate Modeling for Predicting Engineering Analysis of Forging Press
Authors: Bao Peng Fei , Miao Wei Dong , Xie Rong , Shi Yan Jun
Published: April 2014

Engineering analysis and simulation are time-consuming, and often trapped to computational burden, such as analyzing forging press. We herein employ surrogate modeling to reduce such computation cost while keeping high precision. This paper use a BP neural networks to building the surrogate model (BPNN-SM for short), and predicting the analysis results of mechanical structures with this model. The predicting process include confining design variables, sampling, building finite element model with business software ANSYS, constructing surrogate model to replace the original model and finally predicting data with the new model. In such process, we build a back-propagation neural network, and train it with sampling data from ANSYS results. We tested our methods with a mechanical structure design of hydraulic forging press. The experimental results verified the surrogate modeling.
Hollow Hemisphere Shell Formation by Pure Kirkendall Porosity
Authors: Cserháti Csaba , Glodán Györgyi , Beke Dezső L.
Published: April 2014

Nanoshell formation has been studied experimentally in Ag/Au and Ag/Pd systems in a hemispherical geometry at different temperatures. The void formation in these systems is the result of pure Kirkendall-porosity formation, because it is caused mainly by the inequality of the intrinsic atomic fluxes and other effects (e.g. stresses), inevitably present during nanoshell formations in solid state reactions (oxides, sulphides), can be less important or can be neglected. The kinetics of the process was followed by Transmission Electron Microscopy. Both the growth and shrinkage regimes of the process were observed at the same temperature and even the temperature dependence of the characteristic time (tcr) describing the crossover of the two different regimes was observed. We succeeded to show that tcr shifts to smaller values with increasing temperature. This confirms the theoretical results:the growth and the shrinkage regimes are controlled by the faster as well as the slower diffusion coefficients (DA as well as DB), respectively. It is also illustrated that, confirming recent theoretical predictions, the pore radius linearly depends on the initial particle radius and the slope of this straight line increases with the average composition of the faster component.
The Delta-Sigma Modulator of Fractional-N Frequency Synthesizer for Wireless Sensors Network Applications
Authors: Gao Zhi Qiang , Lan Jin Bao , Liu Xiao Wei , Yin Liang
Published: April 2014

This paper presents a design of fractional-N frequency synthesizer with low dithering, which is fabricated in a 130nm CMOS process. A 3rd-order delta-sigma modulator is based on digital multi-stage noise shaping (MASH) structure with its second and third stage dithered by 7-bit linear feedback shift register (LFSR) was designed for the frequency synthesizer, and a long word is used for the first modulator in the MASH structure. The simulation result of the whole frequency synthesizer shows that it can output two-way I/Q signal between 2.28GHz and 2.53GHz, and its spurs are lower than-75dBc.
Research for the Resonator Structure Process Technology of Resonant Pressure Sensors
Authors: Zhang Zheng Yuan , Cao Yang , Mei Yong , Li Jian Gen , Feng Zhi Cheng
Published: April 2014

The fabrication of butterfly-shape resonator is key for high precision resonator, for requiring suspend on the silicon substrate. This paper is focused on the technology of making butterfly-shape resonator. the variety of structure design can be used to make butterfly-shape resonator have been analyzed, the structure of butterfly-shape resonator is obtained, and for reducing the etch surface roughness, KOH etching conditions, such as composition, concentration, and temperature of etch solution, have been done. Combining with above testing results, the structure design and optimization KOH etching technology are obtained ,based on the technology, using the boron etch stop technique , the silicon butterfly-shape resonator has been done, it can be used effectively in the fabrication of the silicon resonant sensor.
Research on Zero Bias Characteristic of MEMS Accelerometer in FBW
Authors: Zhong Lun Chao , Wang Jian Zhong , Shi Jia Dong
Published: April 2014

Zero bias is an important performance index of MEMS accelerometerscope. Based on the large amount of given accelerometer experiments, we study zero bias of random error properties, temperature characteristic, large overload environment variation, and then calculate MEMS accelerometer bias, bias stability, zero bias repeatability. Through least-square method,we fit temperature scale factor and temperature bias of MEMS accelerometer. The experimental results show that the compensation method has the advantages of simple operation, effectively compensation for measuring error of MEMS accelerometer which is induced by temperature, and has strong engineering using value.
The Design and Simulation of Wide Range Pressure Sensor Based on HTCC for High-Temperature Applications
Authors: Ren Zhong , Tan Qiu Lin , Li Chen , Luo Tao , Cai Ting , Xiong Ji Jun
Published: April 2014

A wide range pressure sensor is designed based on the theoretical basis of LC series resonance circuit model to realize the wireless passive measurement in the harsh environment, such as high temperature and high pressure. The capacitive pressure sensitive device is devised by the technology of high-temperature co-fired ceramics (HTCC) to form nine density cavities in zirconia ceramic substrates, and thick film technology to print capacitance plates and planar spiral inductors. The theoretical calculation and simulation analysis of the designed sensor are made respectively under high pressure (10MPa) and temperature (600 °C), the results of which verify the feasibility of the design in a wide range of pressure for high-temperature applications, and provide the reliable theory basis for the fabrication of wide range pressure sensor.
Fabrication and Characteristics of the 2D Magnetic Sensor Based on the MOSFET Hall Device
Authors: Zhao Xiao Feng , Cao Jing Ya , Song Yu , Wen Dian Zhong , Lin Qian Ru , Tian Lei
Published: April 2014

This paper reports the two dimensional (2D) magnetic sensor, which is comprised of twoMOSFET Hall devices with similar characteristics. The sensor is based on the MOSFET Hall deviceprinciple and is fabricated on <100> orientation silicon substrate by adopting complementary metaloxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology and packaging technology. The experiment results indicatethat when VDS =5.0 V, the magnetic sensitivities of the 2D magnetic sensor can reach Sx=34.0 mV/Tand Sy=33.6 mV/T in the x and y directions, respectively, it is necessary to realize the measurementof 2D magnetic field.
Design and Optimization of Sigma-Delta Accelerometer
Authors: Chen Song , Yang Jian , Fan Wen Jie , Fu Qiang , Liu Xiao Wei
Published: April 2014

Mathematical model of sensitive structures and detection principle of Sigma-Delta accelerometer are analyzed in this paper, and then an accelerometer with SNR 107dB is designed using MATLAB, the stability of which is analyzed based on root locus plot. When input is small than-3dBFS, the system is unsaturated. The poles and zeros of accelerometer noise transfer function are then analyzed and the feed-forward coefficient and local feedback coefficient are optimized, achieving a higher SNR of 112.1dB. At last, the circuit-level simulation is conducted and in-band noise level is about-140dB.
Design, Fabrication and Test of In-Plane MEMS Piezoresistive High-g Accelerometer
Authors: Shi Yun Bo , Zhou Zhi Jun , Dong Sheng Fei , Tang Jun
Published: April 2014

The new structure of in-plane high-g MEMS sensor for 10,000-150,000g has been designed in our paper, and it was packaged in dimensions of 17.5mm×12mm×4.5mm. In our experiments, the sensitivity reach to 0.335uv/g by the Hopkinson bar system and it also is in quick respose to the frequence. Meanwhile, the results show that all acceleration-time pulses are in very close agreement for acceleration amplitudes to about 150000g. It is a new way to monolithically integral triaxial piezoresistive high-g accelerometer in the future.
The Design of Lead Compensator for ΣΔ Micromachined Accelerometer
Authors: He Chong , Fan Wen Jie , Lv Qiu Ye , Yin Liang , Liu Xiao Wei
Published: April 2014

In this paper, the design of compensator to stabilize the micromachined accelerometer is considered based on stability analysis, and the determination of relevant parameter is also proposed. In the design of compensator, in order to minimize the noise effect into the system of micromachined accelerometer, the technology of correlated double sampling (CDS) is considered. The compensator is implemented under 0.5 μm CMOS process and simulated in Cadence. The final simulation result shows that the compensator can afford phase of 15°to micromachined accelerometer at least to stabilize the system.
A Novel Noise Reduction Algorithm of MEMS Gyroscope Based on Compressive Sensing and Lifting Wavelet Transform
Authors: Zhu Wen Jie , Wang Guang Long , Qiao Zhong Tao , Gao Feng Qi
Published: April 2014

A novel noise reduction algorithm combined with compressive sensing (CS) and lifting wavelet transform (LWT) is proposed in this paper. This algorithm can overcome the limitations of traditional noise reduction methods based on Kalman filtering and wavelet threshold filtering. The characteristics of wavelet time-frequency distribution of the microelectromechanical system (MEMS) gyroscope are discussed to illustrate the demerit of the classical filtering methods. Noise reduction algorithm of MEMS gyroscope signal is studied in detail by combining CS theory with lifting wavelet transform. De-noising effect, time-consumption of computation as well as traditional CS reconstruction algorithms are analyzed. The results show that the signal reconstruction algorithm of conventional matching pursuit (MP) greedy algorithms contains more glitches and computation time-consumption, the basis pursuit de-noising (BPDN) algorithm is better and it has advantages of high computational efficiency and ease of implementation.
Micro-Machined Gyroscope Mathematical Model and Error Analysis
Authors: Deng Miao Wen , Mo Bing , Ling Chao Dong , Huang Rong Hai , Kim Su Ki
Published: April 2014

Abstract:The micro-machined gyroscope that uses Coriolis force to measure angular velocity has non-linear error,which makes the amplitude of angular velocity have a relationship with its frequency,and fabrication technology error,which leads gyroscope’s drive shaft and detection shaft not to be vertical.All kinds of errors severely restrict this kind of gyroscope’s measuring accuracy and application range.This article obtained the reason for the formation of all kind of gyroscope’s errors and their mathematical expressions through analyzing the principle of micromachined gyroscope,which uses Coriolis force to measure angular velocity.At the same time,the gyroscope mathematical model was established and used to emulate to analyze each error’s influence on the angular velocity measured by gyroscope.The conclusion obtained by theoretical analysis and simulation provides the basis for gyroscope’s error analysis and elimination,and it has an important significance in improving the measuring accuracy of gyroscope.
Finite Element Analysis on Thermosonic Ball Bonding Process of MEMS Chip
Authors: Wang Dong Rui , Liu Mei
Published: April 2014

The wire bonding process in the package of MEMS accelerometer is analyzed by the finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA. Impact on the bonding strength of the ultrasonic amplitude, ultrasonic frequency and the friction between wire bond and bond pad are studied. The strength of wire bond is evaluated through the bond pull test experiment. The test result shows that the analysis on the wire bonding is helpful for improving the quality of wire bonding.
Lateral Resolution Test for Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope
Authors: Cui Jian Jun
Published: April 2014

To meet the performance test for the confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) accurately in some specific application occasions, the spatial resolution imaging principle of confocal laser scanning microscope was analyzed theoretically. And the micron line spacing as the measurement standard has tried to investigate the lateral resolution of CLSM in experiment. The value range of the lateral resolution was calculated by the fluctuation state of the output light intensity signal when there is the lateral movement between the objective with sample. At the same time, some reasons for spatial resolution are also been evaluated in theory. Experiments demonstrate that if the value of the line spacing standard is closer to the spatial resolution of CLSM, the standard can be utilized to test the spatial resolution. So we can use a a series of lines spacing standards with different lines spacing values to test the serial effective resolution. And in our experiment, we only measured line spacing standard with 8μm line width and 100μm line pitch with many times by CLSM, and the spatial resolution of the CLSM is obtained about more minimal than 0.3μm by the scanning curves.
Tightness Detecting Technique for the Valves of Diaphragm Gas Meter Based on Chromatic Confocal Method
Authors: Hu Jia Cheng , Cui Ting , Jian Li , Li Jia Fu , Li Dong Sheng
Published: April 2014

Diaphragm gas meter is a specialized flow meter that measures the volume of fuel gas such as natural gas and coal gas. Valve bonnet and valve seat are the key parts of diaphragm gas meter, which compose the main factors of its metering error. The widely detecting ways are direct observational method and pneumatic pressure method. Direct observational method only realizes the qualitative detection with lacking science. Pneumatic pressure method can realize the quantitative detection, but with low accuracy and bad reliability. In order to evaluate the gas tightness of diaphragm gas meter valve accurately, surface texture method was adopted. Firstly, the surface roughness mathematical model of valve working face was established. A fast Gaussian filtering convolution algorithm was proposed based on the symmetry of Gaussian density function. Secondly, the working face of gas valve on the high-precision air floating stage was scanned by the chromatic confocal sensor. And the roughness profile of valve working face was got through the fast Gaussian filter when the cut-off wavelength was 0.8mm. Then the roughness parameters could be calculated with MATLAB by setting the sampling length and evaluation length. The results show that surface roughness has a difference of over 1μm between the qualified and unqualified valve. Besides, there is a little deviation of below 9% between the experimental value and the stylus profilometer measuring value, which has no influence on the judging result of qualified or unqualified about the measured workpiece. The gas tightness performance of gas valve can be judged by measuring surface roughness of its working face, which can provide a scientific basis for evaluating the quality of diaphragm gas meter valve in a quantitative way.
Design of Third-Order Single-Loop Full Feed-Forward Sigma Delta Modulator
Authors: Liu Liang , Chen Song , He Chong , Yin Liang , Liu Xiao Wei
Published: April 2014

Sigma Delta modulator is widely used in ADC for kinds of micro inertial sensors, Sigma Delta ADC can be easily integrated with digital circuits. It possesses some performances of good linearity and high accuracy, while it has no such strict requirements for the match of device dimensions. In this paper, the design of third-order Sigma Delta modulator with a structure of single-loop full feed-forward is accomplished, meanwhile it uses local feedback for zero optimization to improve the shaping capacity of the modulator noise within the signal bandwidth. The OSR (over-sampling rate) of the modulator is 128 and the signal bandwidth is 10 kHz. By the system model building and simulation in the Simulink of MATALAB, the SNR is 96.3 dB and the ENOB is 15.71 bits. Then the modulator is implemented into transistor-level circuits with 0.5um process, by the simulation in Spectre of Cadence, the SNR is 88.5 dB and the ENOB is 14.41 bits. 搜
Performance of Wood Flooring UV Coatings Interfacial Modified by Nano-Silica
Authors: Yan Xiao Xing , Xu Guo Yue , Wu Yan , Wu Zhi Hui
Published: April 2014

Cork flooring maintains the natural qualities of cork, showing the unique and elegant natural patterns, and also has series of advantages such as thermal insulation, sound insulation, moisture barrier, insulation, and no static. Ultraviolet (UV) curable coatings have no volatile organic compounds, little environmental pollution, fast curing, and are suitable for high speed automated production, which is the development of environmentally friendly wood floor coatings. In this paper, the UV-curable wooden coatings for floor were interfacially modified with nanosilica. The process parameters were optimized by orthogonal experiments, and the overall performance of wood flooring UV coating was obtained. The mechanical properties of the coating (hardness, adhesion and impact strength), resistance to liquid properties (resistance to aqueous sodium chloride solution, resistance to aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, resistance to alcohol, resistance to blue and black ink, resistance to sauce) and gloss were tested. It was found that wood flooring UV coating had good performance, hardness reached 3H, adhesion reached one grade, impact strength was 40 kgcm, and fluid-resistant performance (120 h) of coating reached one grade when the nanosilica content was 0.50%~0.70%, the drying time was 2 min, and medium pressure mercury UV lamp was 3. The gloss results showed that gloss of wood flooring UV coatings decreased with the increase of nanosilica content. When the nanosilica content was 0.50%~0.70%, the gloss value was in the vicinity of 35%, showing a matte gloss. This study provides new perspectives in wood flooring UV coating for industrial applications.
Research on MEMS Based Real-Time Measurement System for the Nuclear Fuel Transport Cask
Authors: Wang Zi Lei , Xiong Wei , Zhou Zhao Ying , Zhao Fei , Lu Di
Published: April 2014

A new type of measurement and recording device for the nuclear fuel transport cask was presented on this paper. With the view to the characteristics of specific application object, the system has been designed with the integration of the MEMS sensors. Several kinds of MEMS sensors include MEMS gyroscopes, MEMS accelerometers, MEMS magnetometers and MEMS pressure sensors are integrated together with embedded CPU, micro GPS receiver, and communication unit. With the conception of the modularization, the multi-subsystem (including: stainless steel sleeve structure, shock absorbers, sealed loader, MEMS sensor components, FLASH memory, power supply components, wireless communication components, etc.) was combined to a new transport cask of nuclear fuel. The low power, low cost, high integrate MEMS sensor system can achieve date of the whole process of nuclear fuel conveying condition, and alarm at the licensing of circumstances beyond. The new nuclear fuel transport cask system include: stainless steel sleeve structure, shock absorbers, sealed loader, MEMS sensor components, FLASH memory, power supply components, wireless communication components. The self-programmed software provides a means to analyze all the data during the whole transport process. The sensors’ output, attitude variety, temperature, acceleration, GPS trace can be analyzed simultaneity or independently. Using the data recorded, System Identification is performed to find the final health status of nuclear fuel.
Effect of RuO2 on Piezoresistive Properties of CB/MVQ Composite Materials
Authors: Wu Ju Ying , Fan Jing Hui , Huang Yu Hong , Guo Jing , Zhang Kai
Published: April 2014

In this paper, RuO2-CB/MVQ composites were prepared through following steps. First, the nanoruthenium particles had been prepared by solvent thermo-deoxidization ways. Secondly, the nanoRuO2 particles had been formed by oxidation reaction of nanoruthenium particles in air. Thirdly, the carbon black/silicone rubber mixed rubber was prepared by solvent mixing. Fourthly, the nanoruthenium particles were mixed into carbon black/silicone rubber mixed rubber by rubbing dispersion. Finally, vulcanization molding was carried out at certain preasure and temperature. The piezoresistive properties of CB/MWQ composite materials were tested with pressure-resistance testing systems designed ourselves. The test results showed that suitable amounts of RuO2 could enhance the stability and creep of piezoresistive properties of CB/MWQ composite materials. The microstructure of CB/MWQ composite materials were analyzed with SEM and TEM. The characterization results showed that nanoRuO2 particles dispersed in composite materials in nanolevel. These nanostructure could improve conductive net of carbon black, and reinforce crosslink net of silicone rubber. These factors had advantage to the stability of piezoresistive properties of CB/MWQ composite materials.
Automated and Optimal Actuation Voltage Waveform Design for Contact Bouncing Mitigation of MEMS Switches
Authors: Zhao Chen Xu , Guo Xin , Deng Tao , Li Ling , Liu Ze Wen
Published: April 2014

This paper presents an efficient methodology for automated optimal tailoring actuation voltage waveform of MEMS switches aiming at eliminating the detrimental contact bouncing effect to speed up the switching process and improve the mechanical reliability. This is a simulation-based approach where genetic algorithm (GA) is used in combination with a dedicated mechanical model of MEMS switch to derive optimal actuation waveform. The proposed technique has been implemented in SystemC-A, which is extremely well suited for complex modeling, implementation of post-processing of simulation results and optimization algorithms. Effectiveness of proposed approach is corroborated by a practical case study of automated actuation waveform design for a prefabricated DC-contact MEMS switch. The experimental results show that the switching time of the switch by employing optimized actuation voltage waveform is dramatically reduced to 60μs from 95μs, while the bouncing effect is successfully eliminated.
A High-Order Sigma-Delta Modulator Applied in Micro-Accelerometer
Authors: Yang Jian , Liu Liang , Lv Qiu Ye , Liu Xiao Wei , Yin Liang
Published: April 2014

In this paper a high-order sigma-delta modulator applied in micro-accelerometer is designed. The modulator chooses the distributed feedback structure. And the signal bandwidth is 500Hz, the oversampling ratio is 250 and sampling frequency is 250KHz. By the MATLAB Simulink simulation, when the input signal is 1g, and the signal frequency is 250Hz, the simulation result is that the noise level is-160dBV at the signal frequency in the ideal situation. And when considering the non-ideal factors, the simulation result shows that the noise level at the input accelerated signal is 20dBV higher than the ideal. The overall circuit was implemented under 0.5 um CMOS process and simulated in Cadence Spectre. The final simulation results show that the signal to noise ratio (SNR) is 97.1dB.
Optimization of Element Parameters for a New OPFC Ultrasonic Phased Array Transducer
Authors: Wang Zi Ping , Luo Ying
Published: April 2014

An orthotropic piezoelectric fiber composite (OPFC) element and related OPFC ultrasonic phased array transducer which applied in damage detection of metal structures are investigated by theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental verification methods. Based on electromechanical coupling, the influence of the material characteristics and geometry parameters on actuation performance is studied for the thickness expansion type OPFC elements. In view of lack in the mechanic-electronic parameter design of the existing single PZT element for modern ultrasonic phased array transducer, the related OPFC ultrasonic phased array transducer which used in metal structural damage detection is designed, which have the merits such as low voltage and limit the effects on grating lobe. The focusing acoustic field distribution is analyzed by finite element method together with directivity analysis in metals. The optimal array parameters such as phased array element interval, array element width and number of element are obtained by studying the total displacement changes as various parameters changes at focus point. The preparation of OPFC actuator used in metal structural damage detection is studied. The performance of interdigital OPFC element is also obtained by testing and comparing with the traditional PZT element. The experimental results displayed good agreement with the theoretical predictions.
Study on Measuring System of Automatic Image Alignment Refractive Index Based on New Mathematical Model
Authors: Yao Qing Hua , Cao Miao , Liu Chang
Published: April 2014

With the development of measuring technology,the measuring accuracy of optical glass refractive index of the increasingly high demand,V prism refractometers is major general instrument for measuring the refractive index of optical glass,not only the simple device,convenient measurement,and this method has high precision performance,however,the accuracy is only attained ,which in the regulation of national metrology verification and the introduction of V prism refractometers in the literature,the classic formula calculation principle formula error caused by refractive index has more than .Based on the mechanical structure and optical transmission to improve the original V prism refractometers the refractive index of air,by considering the influence on measurement precision of V prism refractometer,to mathematical modeling of V prism refractometer the principle formula,V can be measured refractive prism refractometer rate accuracy increased to ,measurement repeatability less than ,has important practical significance for realizing high accuracy measurement of the refractive index of optical glass.
Research of the PZT Polarization for Deformable Mirror
Authors: Chen Jun Jie , Liu Ying , Ma Jian Qiang , Deng Ji Cong , Li Bao Qing , Chu Jia Ru
Published: April 2014

This paper demonstrates that the deformation of the piezoelectric deformable mirror (DM) is proportional to the transverse piezoelectric coefficient of the lead zirconate titanate (PZT) by the theoretical analysis. The optimal polarization conditions were obtained by experiments to optimize the performance of the DM. After the optimal polarization, the transverse piezoelectric coefficient of the PZT film increases from 350 pm/V to 431 pm/V, which will improve the deformation of the DM.
Acoustic Noise Energy Scavenger with Noise Reduction Effect
Authors: Wu Shao Hua , Du Li Dong , Ping Hao Yue , Guo Li Jun , Zhao Zhan , Kong De Yi , Fang Zhen
Published: April 2014

A kind of novel acoustic noise energy scavenger with additional function of noise reduction is introduced in this article. The device consists of energy harvesting membranes and silicon micro perforated panel (MPP) resonant structure. Both of them are all fabricated with silicon wafer in use of MEMS technology. The maximum output power of the energy scavenger is about 14.1μW/m2, the maximum open circuit voltage achieves 69.41mV, and the average noise absorption coefficient of the device is higher than 0.7 in the bandwidth of 1500Hz to 6000Hz. The energy collected by the device could be used for driving micro and nano electronic systems.
The Influence of Electrodes Position to Alternating Current Annular Micromixer
Authors: Zhang He , Liu Xiao Wei , Tian Li , Han Xiao Wei
Published: April 2014

In this paper, we focused the mixed results of the micromixer with the same quantity of electrodes but different placement. We imposed time dependent electric potential on different electrodes under the low Reynolds number condition, and then evaluated the impact of electrode position to the mixed results and summarized some rules which were conducive to achieving mixed. According to the simulation results and combined with the assembly process, we obtained the optimal number and placement of microelectrodes.
Kinematic Analysis of Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Micro End Grinding
Authors: Zhang Jian Hua , Zhao Yan , Zhang Shuo , Wei Zhi
Published: April 2014

A new processing method, ultrasonic vibration assisted micro end grinding (UAMEG), is proposed to improve micro grinding technology, aiming at machining of brittle-rigid material micro components. Trajectories of adjacent two abrasive were modeled and simulated to perform kinematic investigation and mechanism analysis. The critical condition of regular high-frequency abrasive-workpiece separation (AWS) is obtained and proved to be: the frequency coefficient (K) is a positive integer. The effect of K is investigated. Cutting force and temperature reducing, smooth chip evacuation, tool life prolongation and machining accuracy improvement can be achieved in UAMEG from the kinematics point of view.
Tolerance Analysis of Comb-Driving Double Ended Tuning Fork Resonator Fabricated by DRIE Technology
Authors: Meng Rui Li , Zhang Hong Qun , Liu Heng
Published: April 2014

Deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) process is specially invented for bulk micromachining fabrication with the objective of realizing high aspect ratio microstructures. However, various tolerances, such as slanted etched profile, uneven deep beams and undercut, cannot be avoided during the fabrication process. In this paper, the slanted etched profile fabrication tolerance with its effect on the performances of lateral comb-driving resonator, in terms of electrostatic force, mechanical stiffness, and resonance frequency, are discussed. It shows that comb finger with positive slope generates larger electrostatic force. The mechanical stiffness along lateral direction increases when the suspended beam slants negatively. The resonance frequency is 1.116 times larger if the comb finger and beam are tapered to -20and + 20, respectively. These analytical results can be used to compensate the fabrication tolerances at design stage and allow the resonator to provide more predictable performance.
Investigation on Multi-Piezoelectric Effects from the First Positive Piezoelectric Effect
Authors: Shi Li Ping , Huang Jie , Wei Xi Wen , Wei Yan Bo
Published: April 2014

Based on the traditional piezoelectric effect theory, the process of multi-piezoelectric effects generation is analyzed and the theory of the secondary and tertiary piezoelectric effect is deduced by four kinds of piezoelectric equations. Experimental research is performed through the PZT-5 piezoelectric ceramics stack, the existence of multi-piezoelectric effects is verified and experimental data is obtained under certain boundary conditions. The experimental data results show that if an external force which is applied to the positive piezoelectric effect is 400, the displacement generated by the secondary converse piezoelectric effect is 0.16. Therefore, starting from the first positive piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramics under applied force, the displacement generated by the secondary converse piezoelectric effect and the voltage generated by the tertiary positive piezoelectric effect are all linear with the applied force.
Effects of Different Preparation Parameters on the Properties of MAO Coatings
Authors: Wu Xin , Liu Qing Min , Li Hong Xia
Published: April 2014

Effects of different preparation parameters on the structural and mechanical properties of micro-arc oxidation coatings prepared in silicate electrolyte on 6063 alloy were investigated. The results show that the growth rate of ceramic coating increases with increasing current density and electrolyte concentration. The prepared coating had denser and smoother surface with few defects, higher micro-hardness values and better wear resistance when the current density was increased to 20A/dm2. The measurement properties were all up to their optimum values when the electrolyte concentration was in the range of 9-12g/l and oxidation time was 60min, respectively.
Study on Small PV Intelligent Power Supply System
Authors: Wang Zhong Xian , Wei Yong Geng , Bi Yong Li
Published: April 2014

In the paper, the PV power supply control system is proposed to realize the uninterrupted power supply, including DC and AC supply. By the method of combining software with hardware, through the solar panel to the configured two pieces of battery could realize the function of fast and slow charging, and the supply battery is changed by testing the battery power to the load uninterrupted power supply. Moreover, when the output voltage of the solar panel is lower than the battery, the output voltage of solar panel is boosted by DC/DC circuit to make the solar panel at low pressures also to charge the battery, effectively solving the difficult solar energy in the weak power supply problem.
Calibration of Weights and Weight Sets Based on Micro-Mass Standard Measurement System
Authors: Ren Xiao Ping , Wang Jian , Zhang Yue , Ombati Wilson
Published: April 2014

The growing and evolving dynamics in mass and force measurements has inevitably necessitated the need for high precision and accurate results. As a result, measurements in micro-gram (s) and nanoNewtons levels have increasingly attracted potential research interests. In an effort to develop such solutions, the National Institute of Metrology (NIM) has set up a new robot system CCR10 (readability 0.1μg) for accurate measurements of weight (s) ( 1 mg). This system is based on computer controls and linear-drive trains, and is used for calibration/verification of weight (s) below 10 g. A detailed description of the robots metrological parameters and calibration results thereof is presented in the current paper. Keywords: Micro Weights; nanoForce; Automatic Mass Comparator; Robot System; Calibration
A Nonlinear Approach for Dynamic Responses of a Nano-Beam Based on a Strain Gradient Nonlocal Theory
Authors: Li Cheng , Li Shuang
Published: April 2014

The transverse nonlinear vibration of a nanobeam fully clamped at both two ends was investigated using a strain gradient type of nonlocal continuum theory. The small scale effect was considered to the mechanical model at nanoscale. The axial elongation of the nanobeam was taken into account and the nonlinear partial differential equation governing the transverse motion was derived. Subsequently, a perturbation method was applied to the nonlinear governing equation. The dynamical responses of the nanobeam such as transverse displacement and resonant angular frequency were obtained and they were compared with those by a numerical method. The comparison indicated the validity of the present nonlinear model and the multiple-scales analysis method.
Effect of Micro-EDM on Diameter Consistency of Micro-Hole Arrays
Authors: Zhu Guo Zheng , Bai Ji Cheng , Huang Yong Yi
Published: April 2014

The inkjet template is an important part of digital printing equipment. The diameter of hole arrays on the template determines the consistency of the ink droplet and thus affects print quality. To improve the printing performance of digital printing equipment, this study investigated the effect of micro-electrical discharge machining (micro-EDM) on the diameter consistency of micro-hole arrays on an inkjet template. Combining block electrical discharge grinding and wire electrical discharge grinding enabled the online processing of the fine tool electrode, whose diameter can be stably controlled at less than 45 μm, whose maximum diameter deviation was about 1 μm. The tool electrode can also be used to process micro-hole arrays. Subsequently, the relationship between the discharge energy of micro-EDM and the erosion material was theoretically analyzed, as was the effects of the diameter consistency of the micro-electrode itself on that of the micro-hole array processed by the micro-electrode and the relationship between processing parameters and the discharge gap between the micro-electrode and the workpiece. Experimentations were conducted on the effect of the flow rate, flush angle, and rotation speed of the electrode and the resistivity of de-ionized water to the diameter consistency of the micro-hole arrays. On the optimized parameters, a 16×16 micro-hole array with a diameter deviation of less than 2 μm was successfully processed, and the average diameter of the holes, about 44 μm, was used for the inkjet template. Beside, an electrode with a diameter of 14μm is also machined and it was used to process a 8×8 micro-hole array, whose diameter deviation is 0.9μm and average diameter is less than 20μm. Large number of experiments show that by the proposed method, one electrode can stably machined 800 holes with diameter less than 50μm, and their diameter deviation is less than 3μm. ​The digital printing equipment with these holes can meet the current demand for components with micro-hole arrays.
Research on the SINS Algorithm Based on Spiral Vector
Authors: Li Jie , Hu Chen Jun , Hou Li Peng , Liu Jun
Published: April 2014

Targeting at the independent compensation characteristics of cone motion effect and sculling motion effect in traditional SINS Algorithm, this article studies the SINS Algorithm based on spiral vector which enables the cone motion effect and sculling motion effect to compensate at the same time, so as to realize the high precision calculating of attitude Angle and velocity vector. This paper analyzes the mathematical relationships between spiral vector and position-attitude dual quaternion, and then deduces the spiral vector differential equation in detail, which leads to the SINS Algorithm orchestration based on the spiral vector. Finally, considering the real application environment, the actual tests have shown that under the same conditions the spiral vector algorithm of SINS is more precise than the traditional algorithm in high dynamic environment and that the high sub-sample precision is higher than the low sub-sample.
Research on Catalyst Penetration Process of Patternless Casting Manufacturing Technique
Authors: Yang Wei Dong , Shi Zhan Qun , Li Li
Published: April 2014

Pattenless Casting Manufacturing (PCM) technique is a kind of Rapid Prototyping based on droplet injection, using discrete nozzle to jet the catalyst. The quality of scanning lines has the most important effect on the sand strength, its surface quality and dimensional accuracy. The penetration and curing rules of the catalyst in the resined-sand particles are the main factors to determine the shape of the scanning lines. In order to study the penetration rules of the catalyst in the resined-sand, the penetration process of a single droplet and scanning lines are analyzed theoretically and verified by experiments. The important parameters of the forming process are determined based on the research and experimental results. It will provide the foundation to improve the forming quality of PCM technique.