bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Investigation of primary education teachers' happiness and mentality resilience after the covid 19 pandemic”
Authors: Konstantopoulou Georgia , Papageorgiou Vaia , Mavroeidi Eleni
Published: September 2024

As the role of primary education teachers is crucial in shaping the psychological and social conditions of the world’s future generations, it is important for teachers to be affective in their role. Their work efficacy, which depends on their psychological and mental state and their well-being, is related to subjective happiness and mental resilience being the two main determinants influencing the well-being of individuals. This quantitative study aims to investigate the levels of subjective happiness and mental resilience in primary education teachers and how these were affected after the COVID-19 pandemic. A quantitative survey questionnaire was used to analyze the factors contributing to the subjective happiness and mental resilience. The findings show that teachers with higher levels of happiness reported viewing their life and work more favorably, more positive outcomes at work, high self-satisfaction levels and greater ability to cope with challenges. Also, the study reveals that higher levels of happiness are preventing factors for the development of future psychological and mental disorders, while they have a negative correlation with disorders such as depression, and a positive correlation with mental resilience, self-perceived quality of life and flexibility in adverse situations.
The Quest for Affordable Monoclonal Antibodies and Targeted Therapy in Lung Cancer
Authors: Guirgis Helmy
Published: September 2024

Costs of anticancer drugs are generally and rightly labeled expensive. Many nations across the globe have limited resources and could hardly afford the basic necessary medications. The United States (US) government in 2022 allocated17.3% of the gross domestic product (GDP) on health care. A $28,176.6 trillion dollars was spent in 2024 on health care, with a significant portion covering drug costs. Insulin price was reduced to $35 with plans to limit other medications costs.
Risk factors for small for gestational age as defined by a birthweight z-score below minus one: A prospective observational study
Authors: Odendaal Hein , Brink Lucy , Lachmanb Anusha , Nel Daan
Published: September 2024

Objective: To determine the maternal risk factors for small-for-gestational-age newborns as defined by a birthweight z-score (BWZS) < -1.0 Design: A prospective cohort study with recruitment from August 2007 to January 2015. Setting: Recruitment at a community health centre with assessments at Tygerberg Academic Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. Population: A largely homogeneous population in a low socioeconomic residential area in Cape Town. Methods: This study is a further analysis of the data of the Safe Passage Study which investigated whether exposure to alcohol and tobacco was associated with increased risk of stillbirth and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Main outcome measures: Birthweight z-score < -1.0 Results: Individual odds ratios (ORs), in descending order, were associated with smoking, drinking, and preeclampsia (2.45), previous stillbirth (1.85), smoking (including smokers only and drinkers who also smoked) (1.55), preeclampsia (1.52), smoking and drinking (does not include smokers only or drinkers only)(1.43), hypertension (1.28), drug use (1.24), drinking during pregnancy (including drinkers only and drinkers who also smoked) (1.18), thoughts of self-harm (1.13), and crowding (1.10). After multiple logistic regression, highly significant ORs were found for previous stillbirth (1.89), cigarette smoking (1.84), hypertension (1.40), education (0.94) and body mass index (BMI) (0.95). Thoughts of self-harm then had an OR of 1.08 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00-1.18). Conclusion: Previous stillbirth, cigarette smoking, hypertension, lesser education, and a lower BMI were associated with the highest risks for low BWZS.
Analysis of usage pattern of glutathione by dermatologists: Results of a cross-sectional study
Authors: Naseem Azra , Patil Anant , Shukla Ratnakar , Agrawal Bhavana , Langade Deepak
Published: September 2024

Glutathione is one of the non-enzymatic antioxidants that is also involved in regulation of cellular proliferation and apoptosis. The application of Glutathione for skin lightening and depigmentation in dermatology started after discovery of its anti-melanogenic properties. There is still a lack of evidence regarding its patient population, dosage schedule, and safety on long-term use. The objective of this study is to analyze the usage pattern of Glutathione from dermatologists in India based on their clinical experience.

Questionnaire-based cross-sectional study conducted amongst dermatologists to understand indications, administration, safety, and adverse events associated with Glutathione therapy. Data entry was done in Microsoft Excel and descriptive statistics was applied.

Seventy-one responses were collected with the average experience of dermatologists being 5.24 + 7.32 years. 52.11% of these dermatologists routinely prescribe Glutathione therapy. The most common use is skin lightening given through the oral route. The preferred dose for oral route is 250mg given twice daily empty stomach for 4 weeks, topical route is 2% (w/w) applied once daily for 10 weeks, and intravenous route is 1200mg injection given weekly over 30 minutes. Only 3 out of 37 prescribing doctors have seen side effects. 54% of dermatologists feel that there is insufficient safety data available for this therapy.

This study shows the current practices of Glutathione therapy by dermatologists while also pointing to the need for more studies to be done with a larger sample size for a longer duration so that the use is standardized with improved safety.
Clinical and radiological outcome of medial proximal tibial vertical (reduction) osteotomy in primary total knee arthroplasty for severe varus deformity of the knee
Authors: Mehta Yash Manish , Agrawal Prashant Ramesh , Mishra RahulKumar Y , Borse Amey Mahesh , Jadon Akash Singh
Published: September 2024

: To obtain balanced knee with severe varus deformity, release of contracted tissues and removal of osteophytes is necessary. MCL release is essential step towards achievement of ligament balancing during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with varus deformity. This led to over-release of the superficial MCL, hematoma formation, knee joint line elevation and instability. To overcome these, method of bone resection of medial proximal tibia (MPT) with minimal medial soft tissue release called reduction osteotomy (RO). Our study aims to evaluate clinical, radiological benefits of RO over progressive medial soft tissue release during a primary TKA with severe varus deformity, and quantification of method of bone resection of MPT for achieving soft tissue balancing in TKA.

This study was conducted at Apollo Hospitals, Navi Mumbai included 24 patients having osteoarthritis with varus deformities more than 10 degrees. All necessary blood investigations with X-ray knee AP(standing), lateral view, scanogram were done and clinically, OKS(Oxford Knee Score) and KSS (Knee Society Score) were assessed pre-operatively & post-operatively. Patients were followed up at 3 months.

: There was significant improvement in OKS and KSS at 3 months. For each unit of medial gap deficit, there was corresponding 2.14 units of Proximal tibia vertical osteotomy thickness. For each unit change of Pre-op varus angle, there was a corresponding 0.38 units of Proximal tibia vertical osteotomy thickness.

: This prospective RCT on TKA indicated that in patients with severe varus deformity, addition of MPT Vertical Reduction Osteotomy step was better than conventional technique, as it could decrease intraoperative time, by bypassing the step of progressive release of medial soft tissue structures and repeated assessment of medial versus lateral gap balance to achieve a rectangular extension gap. Morbidity and complications due to risk of excessive soft tissue release and need for thicker insert or constraint implant was avoided.
Fracture dislocation of medial cuneiform along with lisfranc injury: A rare case and review of literature
Authors: Lakhani Amit
Published: September 2024

Foot injuries can significantly impact the overall health and mental well-being of patients. The severity of the injury can range from simple to complex. A medial cuneiform-navicular fracture dislocation is an extremely rare injury. We present a case of a 51-year-old male with fracture dislocation of medial cuneiform along with Lisfranc disruption. It was treated with ORIF (open reduction and internal fixation). Post-operatively healing was uneventful. Fracture dislocation of medial cuneiform along with Lisfranc injury is a rare assortment and has never been described in the literature. It is essential to incorporate such injuries in lisfranc injury classification for better diagnosis and treatment plans.
Congenital radial head dislocation in a six year old child treated surgically: A case report
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Kiran Kumar , Mandal Ananda , Maji Rabi Shankar
Published: September 2024

Congenital dislocation of the radial head is the most common congenital anomaly of the elbow though it is rare. It is mostly posterior (70%) with remainder being anterior (15%) or lateral (15%). Treatment either involves early reduction and annular ligament reconstruction or delayed surgery after skeletal maturity by radial head excision. We evaluated the radiographic and functional results in a 6-year-old girl with congenital radial head dislocation by biceps lengthening and annular ligament reconstruction using forearm fascia.
Giant cell tumor of distal femur with pathological fracture: A case report
Authors: Jogi Harsh Kapil , Atram Vikas Anandrao , Ganwir Himanshu Pradeep , Golhar Abhishek Chandrashekhar , Kunwar Saurabh Satyanarayan , Mehta Meet Ajay
Published: September 2024

Giant cell tumors (GCT) are benign tumors with potential for aggressive behaviour and capacity to metastasize. Although rarely lethal, benign bone tumors may be associated with a substantial disturbance of the local bony architecture that can be particularly troublesome in peri-articular locations. It is characterized by a proliferation of mononuclear stromal cells and the presence of many multi- nucleated giant cells with homogenous distribution.

There is no widely held consensus regarding the ideal treatment method selection. There are advocates of varying surgical techniques ranging from intra-lesional curettage to wide resection. Although GCT is classified as a benign lesion, few patients develop progressive lung metastases with poor outcomes. Treatment is mainly surgical. Options of chemotherapy and radiotherapy are reserved for selected cases.

A case of giant cell tumor of distal femur with pathological fracture is reported here. A 39 yr old male with h/o trivial trauma presented with swelling and tenderness over Left thigh and knee. A detailed work up was done and a GCT of distal femur (causing pathological fracture) was confirmed. Patient was managed with surgery in which Tumor excision, curettage and bone grafting was done, and the fracture fixed with locking compression plate. After 6 months of follow up, fracture was well united with no radiological sign of recurrence of tumor.
Clasificación semi-supervisada de mezclas de distribuciones para determinar procedencias de artefactos de obsidiana en Izapa, Chiapas
Authors: López García Pedro A. , Argote Espino Denisse L. , Uriarte Torres Alejandro J. , Pérez Alcántara Ivonne A. , Cifuentes Nava Gerardo
Published: September 2024

La caracterización química de materiales recuperados de sitios arqueológicos ha sido utilizada para relacionar artefactos con sus respectivas fuentes de materia prima. Para ello, comúnmente se emplean métodos convencionales de la estadística clásica, como son los gráficos bivariados, el análisis de conglomerados y las transformaciones lineales de datos. Quienes han aplicado estos métodos afirman tener un alto grado de confianza en la correcta asignación de los materiales a sus respectivas fuentes. Sin embargo, si los datos empíricos se desvían de los supuestos teóricos, las técnicas de estadística clásica pueden producir asignaciones incorrectas. En este trabajo, se propone un procedimiento de aprendizaje semi-supervisado utilizando el agrupamiento y la clasificación basados en modelos de mezclas de distribuciones exponenciales de potencia asimétricas multivariantes. El objetivo es rastrear el origen y procedencia de los materiales arqueológicos de obsidiana de la zona arqueológica de Izapa, Chiapas, optimizando significativamente el resultado de la correcta asignación de datos sin etiquetar al emplear únicamente una supervisión limitada en forma de instancias etiquetadas. La comprobación de la eficacia del método propuesto se realizó primeramente mediante un experimento controlado utilizando muestras geológicas de yacimientos de obsidiana. Posteriormente, se aplicó el método para analizar un conjunto de artefactos de obsidiana recolectados en excavaciones dentro del sitio de Izapa fechadas para el periodo Clásico. En ambos casos, se obtuvieron clasificaciones bien definidas que, para el caso de Izapa, permitieron determinar el consumo de materiales procedentes de fuentes de Guatemala, así como cierta relación con fuentes del occidente y centro de México.
Desarrollo de un método de clasificación de pastas cerámicas basado en el análisis de imágenes de radiografía digital
Authors: Nagaya Alan , Tlacuilo Rodrigo , de Lucio Óscar G. , Ortiz Soledad
Published: September 2024

X-rays have motivated the application of imaging techniques in Heritage Sciences, providing a tool that produces global information about the object. The radiography analysis generates information with physical meaning relating the material properties with the photon attenuation. In this work, the characterization of a digital radiography system is presented, and the basis of an analysis method for ceramics sherds is described, based on the study of histograms, which represent the distribution of pixel intensities that made the image. Thus, this study aims to provide a tool, based on a mathematical analysis, encompassing a Lorentzian fit to each image histogram and a cluster analysis, that leads to establish a contrast between ceramic pastes. By applying this method, we could distinguish six paste groups from a set of 275 ceramic objects (archaeological and contemporary) from the Maya region.
Burning effects on the soils of the Mexican Maya Lowlands: Current evidence for understanding past events
Authors: Moreno-Roso Sol , Solleiro-Rebolledo Elizabeth , Sedov Sergey , Chávez-Vergara Bruno , Merino Agustín
Published: September 2024

The slash-and-burn cultivation system is a millenarian practice still used in many countries today, with significant environmental impacts. However, identifying evidence of this agricultural method in soil records is challenging due to natural and human factors that can obscure or alter fire signals. This challenge is particularly evident in the Yucatán Peninsula, where the ancient Maya practiced slash-and-burn agriculture in a dynamic tropical karst environment, making it difficult to pinpoint the origins and consequences of this practice. In this study, we use a recent agricultural burning in a karstic landscape in Chiapas as a model to understand alterations in soil properties. We then apply these insights to identify similar features at a Maya site on the Yucatán Peninsula, specifically at Coyote Quarry. For both cases, we conducted micromorphological analysis, soil physical-chemical characterization, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry analysis, and radiocarbon dating of mollusk shells, soil organic carbon, and charcoal fragments (the latter exclusively at Coyote Quarry). Our findings reveal significant effects on the soils from the Chiapas site post-burning, including changes in grain size distribution, pH, and total organic and inorganic carbon. These results were compared to those obtained from the Coyote Quarry soils and pedosediments. Key findings include micromorphological features, the presence of charcoal and other burned materials, and pyrogenic carbon identified through thermal analyses. The preservation of these burned features was facilitated by the typical karstic vertical soil erosion and redeposition as pedosediments in karstic depressions. The intrinsic association of the fire signals found in these karstic sinkholes and their radiocarbon dates enables us to link this evidence to the initiation of slash-and-burn agriculture by the Maya in the Yucatán Peninsula during the transition between the Archaic and Early Pre-Classic periods.
Making In-Roads Toward Multi-Access Learning and Teaching
Authors: Miller Mariel , Irvine Valerie , Hewson Hayley
Published: September 2024

While multi-access learning can support more flexible, accessible, and equitable learning, the time and effort required of educators can serve as a barrier to adoption, particularly for those already fatigued by emergency shifts to remote teaching during the pandemic. Drawing on our own experiences as educators, we propose three practical ways to approach and gain confidence in multi-access learning: (a) contingency pathway, where multi-access is available in limited ways as a supplement in-person instruction; (b) event pathway, where multi-access is adopted for select classes rather than the full course; and (c) three-layer course design pathway scaffolding the conceptualization of multi-access in a full course. For each pathway, we discuss benefits and limitations and key considerations for the learning experience.
SUBSTANTIATION OF EXPEDIENCY OF USE OF TOOL HIGH-SPEED CUTTING STEELS AS COATINGS IN FRICTION UNITS
Authors: Tamargazin Oleksandr , Pryimak Liudmyla , Morshch Illia
Published: September 2024

The analysis of modern researches in the field of composite materials on the basis of tungsten carbide used as surfacing materials is carried out. In particular, the influence of morphology of carbide phase on wear resistance of materials is analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of conducted studies of ultrafine and nanograined composite materials, their comparative analysis with conventional micrograin coatings. The expediency of research of application of tool high-speed steels as coatings, applied by vacuum electron-beam processing method, which allows to organize micro-metallurgical process with minimal impact on the base metal and possibility to form hardened layer, the thickness of which is adjustable within wide limits, is substantiated.
DEVELOPMENT AND MODERNIZATION OF A COMPLEX OF INSTALLATIONS FOR WEAR TESTING OF METAL-POLYMER COMPOSITE MATERIALS FOR SPHERI-CAL SLIDING BEARINGS
Authors: Хімко Маргарита
Published: September 2024

The fretting corrosion machine has been modernized for testing spherical bearings under vibration conditions. The method of research of anti-friction composite materials and coatings for low-frequency reversible movements has been developed. A method for laboratory resource tests of aviation spherical sliding bearings with metal-polymer composite materials in conditions close to real has been developed.
ВПЛИВ ФТОРВУГЛЕЦЕВИХ СПОЛУК НА АНТИФРІКЦІЙНІ ТА ПРОТИЗНОСНІ ВЛАСТИВОСТІ ТРИБОСПОЛУЧЕНЬ
Authors: Леусенко  Дар'я
Published: September 2024

Викладено результати дослідження впливу фторвуглецевих сполук типу (СFх)nна антифрікційні та протизносні властивості трибосполучень.
Показано, що в умовах граничного змащування зубчастих передач та підшипників ці сполуки мають хороші перспективи застосування як присадки та добавки до олив. Розглянуті механізми змащувальної дії та деякі приклади практичного застосування.
ЗНОСОСТІЙКІСТЬ ПОЛІМЕРНИХ КОМПОЗИЦІЙНИХ МАТЕРІАЛІВ ДЛЯ ШАРНІРНИХ ПІДШИПНИКІВ
Authors: Хімко Маргарита , Хімко  Андрій , Мнацаканов  Рудольф , Кліпаченко Владислав , Макаренко Руслан
Published: September 2024

Визначено сучасні полімерні композиційні матеріали та їх структури, які можуть конкурувати та замінити металополімерну стрічку для шарнірних підшипників ковзання. Визначена зносостійкість полімерних матеріалів в умовах вібраційного навантаження. Визначено процеси зношування антифрикційних композиційних полімерних матеріалів в умовах вібраційного навантаження та реверсивних рухів.
АНАЛІЗ ОСНОВНИХ ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНИХ ПАРАМЕТРІВ ШОРСТКОСТІ МІКРОРЕЛЬЄФУ ПОВЕРХНІ ПОЛІМЕРІВ
Authors: Марчук  Роман , Мнацаканов Рудольф
Published: September 2024

Проаналізовано результати функціональних мікрогеометричних параметрів профілю поверхні після серії експериментів для полімерного матеріалу Zedex zx-100k при різних швидкостях ковзання. Дослідження поверхневих характеристик матеріалів проводилось з застосуванням лазерного скануючого диференційно-фазового мікроскопу-профілометру. Проаналізовано показників кривої Аббота та визначено кінетику зміни параметрів шорсткості поверхні, зокрема середнє арифметичне відхилення профілю, пікову висоту шорсткості, глибину западин. Визначено оптимальну швидкість ковзання пари тертя полімер-сталь, при якій спостерігається найвищий рівень згладжування мікронерівностей, що сприяє покращенню трибологічних характеристик контакту за рахунок пружньо-пластичної деформації полімеру та процесам самозмащування.
ТЕРМОДИНАМІЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ТА ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ ВИСОКОТЕМПЕРАТУРНОГО ОКИСНЕННЯ КОМПОЗИЦІЙНИХ СПЛАВІВ
Authors: Кіндрачук  Мирослав , Харченко Володимир , Корнієнко  Анатолій , Гуменюк Ігор , Гловин Михайло
Published: September 2024

В ході роботи було розроблено ряд композиційних сплавів на основі легованого кобальту і карбіду титану як зміцнювальної фази. В роботі виконано термодинамічний аналіз взаємодії композиційних порошкових сплавів системи Со-ТіС з повітрям. Встановлено основні закономірності їх окиснення. Показано взаємний вплив умісту хрому і карбіду титану на кількісний склад продуктів окиснення. Проведені аналітичні дослідження визначили залежності кількісного і якісного складу продуктів взаємодії з повітрям порошкових сплавів системи Co-TiC від співвідношення їх компонентів. Підбираючи відповідні легувальні елементи і зміцнювальні фази методом термодинамічного аналізу можна керувати утворенням захисних шарів та прогнозувати їх формування.
A REVIEW OF MACHINES FOR WIRE ROPES FATIGUE TEST
Authors: Ignatovych Sergiy , Karuskevych Mykhailo , Karuskevych Oleg , Maslak Tetiana
Published: September 2024

Review of the test machines designed to assess characteristics of steel wire ropes covers analysis of the equipment for fatigue tension-tension tests, torsion tests, sheave bending tests. Variety of the test machines concepts is determined by the diversity of the operational factors influencing the wire ropes loading. The importance of the single wire tests for the understanding of steel wire ropes fatigue behavior in terms of the step-by-step study of the wire ropes damage mechanism study is shown. Necessity to account for effects caused by contact interactions between the wires, as well as between ropes and environment is shown.
Desafios e perspectivas das mulheres encarceradas no sistema prisional paraibano
Authors: Pereira Lara Giovana Feitosa , Silva Maria Eduarda Lins da , Costa Myllena Elias , Targino Giliard Cruz
Published: September 2024

Esta pesquisa discorre sobre o encarceramento feminino no sistema prisional brasileiro, especialmente na Paraíba, expõe desafios significativos na assistência à saúde das detentas, pois as políticas penitenciárias são historicamente insensíveis às particularidades femininas e resultam na invisibilidade das mulheres no sistema penitenciário. A falta de estruturas adequadas nas prisões femininas gera precariedade, e um exemplo disso é a infraestrutura inadequada para cuidados com recém-nascidos e ausência de saúde ginecológica. Sobre a metodologia, pesquisa utilizou-se do método quali-quantitativo, através da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, a partir de leis, jurisprudência e artigos científicos, e análise gráfica do período de janeiro a junho de 2023, para avaliar a efetividade das políticas de saúde no sistema carcerário. Ademais, a pesquisa destaca a necessidade de reformulações abrangentes nas políticas penitenciárias, integrando uma perspectiva sensível de gênero para promover efetiva ressocialização e de reformulações abrangentes nas políticas penitenciárias, incorporando uma perspectiva sensível de gênero para promover uma ressocialização eficiente. A escassez de alojamentos para gestantes, as limitações nos berçários e a ausência de instalações médicas continuam sendo focos críticos identificados pela análise gráfica. Além disso, a análise enfoca a importância de refletir sobre as políticas de drogas e a preservação dos laços familiares, destacando a urgência de estratégias centradas na saúde e na prevenção. A atenção à saúde integral da mulher encarcerada não deve ser apenas um mero protocolo, mas um reconhecimento vital de sua humanidade, demandando investimentos e reformas estruturais para a construir um sistema prisional mais humano, justo e alinhado aos direitos humanos.
On the transition to chaos scenario in one parameter model of a backward wave oscillator
Authors:   Saratov Branch of Kotel`nikov Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ryskin Nikita , Titov Vladimir ,   Saratov State University
Published: September 2024

The results of the numerical simulations of the transition to chaos in the simplest one parameter model of the O-type backward-wave oscillator are presented. The complex sequence of oscillating regimes with multiple «order - chaos» and «chaos - order» transitions through different scenarii is found. Obtained results are compared with those of previously published works. The possibility of approximate description of the dynamics by one-dimensional map is discussed.
Diagnostics of cardio-vascular diseases with help of largest lyapunov exponent of RR-sequences
Authors:   Saratov State University, Pavlov Aleksej , Janson Natalia ,   Lancaster University, Anishchenko Vadim ,   Saratov State University, Gridnev Vladimir ,   Saratov research Institute of Cardiology, Dovgalevsky Pavel ,   Saratov State Medical University named after V. I. Razumovsky
Published: September 2024

A method for presenting a discrete sequence of cardiointervals as a smooth time dependence, which allows one to apply to the given data sets the algorithm for largest Lyapunov exponent computation ш suggested. Processing the data banks of RR-intervals of patients suffering from coronary artery disease and also those who survived after myocardial infarction has shown that the largest Lyapunov exponent may serve as а diagnostic tool being able to distinguish between different groups of patients with more confidence than the standard methods for time series processing accepted in cardiology.
On synchronization of the third order quasi-periodic systems by a periodic signal
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Sinitsky lev , Tsvigun Oleg ,   University of Lviv
Published: September 2024

The dissipative system described by a system of the ordinary differential equations of the third order is considered. In the absence of an exterior signal all solutions of the system converge to а unique quasi-periodic two-requency solution. When derivation of an input signal frequency tends to zero (relatively to а highfrequency component of а quasi-periodic signal) the synchronization threshold is absent. The input signal amplitude growth causes destruction of а quasi-periodic solution: one-frequency oscillations exist on the frequency of an input signal.
Bifurcation diagram in case of ring interferometer containing liquid crystal: effect of diffusion
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, Magazinnikov Anton , Poizner Boris ,   National Research Tomsk State University
Published: September 2024

The bifurcation phenomena in optical ring interferometer containing nonlincar (Kerr) medium — liquid crystal — are investigated by means of a computer simulation. It has been found out that bifurcation points on a bifurcation diagram are displaced to area of greater parameter of medium nonlinearity when the diffusion factor increases. The distribution of intensity in cross section of output laser beam of system is constructed for the more evident description of hysteresis and bifurcations phenomena.
Noise-induced transport of Brownian particles
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Landa Polina
Published: September 2024

А number of examples of the transport of Brownian particles induced by nonequilibrium fluctuations is considered. The results of approximate analytical calculations for the averaged particle velocity in periodic ratchei—like potential are presented. An analogy between fluctnation—induced transport and well known in mechanics vibrational transport is discussed.
Three Kerr media in nonlinear Fizeau interferometer: factors effecting on bifurcation behaviour
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, Magazinnikov Anton , Poizner Boris ,   National Research Tomsk State University, Sabdenov Kanysh ,   National Research Tomsk State University, Timokhin Anatoly ,   National Research Tomsk State University
Published: September 2024

Optical formation processes in Fizeau interferometer containing three nonlinear media are defined by three ordinary differential equations involving nonlinearities of the function cos—form. Stability analysis of equations stationary decisions under strong nonlinearities disclosed the presence of many stationary stable and unstablc states. Liapunov’s exponents found by numerical methods proved that different motion types (including dynamical chaos) exist in the optical system. Possibility of the Fizean interferometer nonlinear dynamics control by means of three initial conditions and nonlinear parameters choice is shown.
Communication system with chaotic carrier on the digital signal processor ADSP-2181
Authors:   P. G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University, Shimansky Vladislav
Published: September 2024

The realization of a communication system with a chaotic signal as carrier using digital signal processors is considered. The conditions of chaotic synchronization stability for reception and transmitting subsystems for two investigated architecture using the digital chaos generators with sawtooth nonlinearity are obtained. The influence of distortions in the transmission channel to communication qualify is analysed. Some issues of experiments on speech signals fransmission with chaotic modulation through the analog channel are shown.
Dynamics of the model of neural control of the heart rate
Authors:   Saratov State University, Frolova Natalja , Chetverikov Aleksandr ,   Saratov State University, Manturov Alexey ,   Saratov State University
Published: September 2024

Nonlinear dynamics of а simple mathematical model of the neural control of the heart rate variability is studied. The choice of the model from known ones is substantiated. The range of parameter values appropriated to the cardiological data is found by computer modeling. Bifurcational diagrams, power spectrum densities of processes are calculated.
Patient Safety Culture in a Tertiary Referral Hospital: Evidence from a Main Criterion in Accreditation
Authors: Mohammadpour Saeed , Rezazadeh Alireza , Hemati Maliheh , Ebrahimi Zahra , Sharifi Tahereh
Published: September 2024

Objectives: In Iran’s accreditation program, the patient safety dimension is one of the main dimensions, holding the highest weight among the accreditation criteria. The purpose of this study was to identify the patient safety culture (PSC) in a tertiary referral hospital.
Methods: The current study was conducted between March and April 2021 in a tertiary hospital in Iran. The sample size was 628 participants, selected through simple random sampling. The hospital survey on patient safety culture (HSOPSC) was used to assess provider and staff perceptions about patient safety issues, medical errors, and event reporting. The survey included 32 items that measure 10 dimensions of PSC. Normality tests, along with non-parametric Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests, were used to examine the relationship between PSC and demographic variables using SPSS 22 software.
Results: Based on current findings, among the 10 dimensions of PSC, teamwork and organizational learning-continuous improvement received the highest scores (83% positive response), which were higher than these variables in the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) data. Conversely, staffing and work pace, as well as hospital management support for patient safety, received the lowest positive scores (43% and 55% positive response, respectively), which were lower than these variables in the AHRQ data. There was a significant positive relationship between dimensions of PSC and older age, female gender, staff with longer working experience, and longer work hours per week (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: The majority of our participants felt that patient safety needs to be enhanced. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended to emphasize the dimensions of “staffing and work pace” and “hospital management support for patient safety” more in the accreditation criteria to strengthen these dimensions in hospitals. Additionally, we have introduced a comprehensive guide for using an international tool to measure PSC, which hospitals can use to succeed in annual accreditation.
Stakeholder Perspectives and Experiences of Implementation of Accreditation and the ISO 9001 Programs in Hospitals of Iran: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Behbahani Sara Abbaspour , Arab Mohammad , Mirzaei Abasat , Tajvar Maryam
Published: September 2024

Background: Accreditation and ISO 9001 programs in hospitals are widely adopted for quality control and quality improvement in healthcare.
Objectives: The objective of this study is to identify stakeholders’ perspectives and experiences regarding the implementation of accreditation and ISO 9001 programs in hospitals affiliated with the Social Security Organization in Alborz Province, Iran.
Methods: In this qualitative study, participants were selected based on purposive sampling. For data collection, semi-structured one-to-one interviews were conducted with hospital staff in different positions (n = 30). All interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis.
Results: Based on the analysis, 10 primary themes and 88 subthemes were identified. The 10 primary themes were categorized as experiences, strengths, weaknesses, effective factors, and recommendations for the implementation of accreditation and ISO 9001 programs in hospitals. Proper planning, benchmarking, physician involvement, increased resources, and more training are suggested for the successful implementation of accreditation in hospitals. Additionally, fostering a positive culture, focusing on the executive dimension, changing managerial attitudes, training, and supporting and motivating staff are the most important recommendations for the implementation of the ISO 9001 program.
Conclusions: The results provide important insights into the dimensions of implementing accreditation and ISO programs in hospitals, which can be used by health policymakers and managers to improve the implementation of these programs in Iranian hospitals.
Effect of Feedback Provision on Improving Patient Safety Indices Based on Hospital Accreditation Model: A Study in Shahid Rahnemoon Hospital, Yazd
Authors: Raee-Ezzabadi Ali , Eftekhari Adel , Baghshahi Naeime , Dehghani Mohammad Hossein , Baghian Najmeh
Published: September 2024

Background: Accreditation means systematic evaluation of health service centers with specific standards. One of the most important goals of the accreditation process is to improve patient safety. Patient safety visits are one of the most important standards for improving safety. One of the ways to increase the effectiveness of visits is holding feedback sessions.
Objectives: The present study was conducted with the aim of assessing the effect of feedback provision on improving patient safety indices based on the hospital accreditation model in Shahid Rahnemoon Hospital, Yazd.
Methods: The present study is a semi-experimental study with a before-and-after design that was conducted in Shahid Rahnemoon Hospital, Yazd, from September to December 2021 and January to August 2022. After each visit, formal feedback sessions were held with the attendance of patient safety team members and officials of the visited wards/units. Evaluation indicators included patient safety indicators in accreditation standards, such as error reporting, rate of unwanted events, and patient safety culture score. These were measured before and after feedback. The tools used were the patient safety standards evaluation checklist based on the accreditation model, the patient safety culture questionnaire, and other indicators extracted using documentation. The Patient Safety Culture Evaluation Questionnaire was completed by 360 nurses working in the hospital in the form of a census. Analysis was done using descriptive statistical tests and paired t-tests with STATA 14.2 software.
Results: Based on the results of the study, safety feedback was provided to increase patient safety indicators in different departments and units of hospitals [t = - 4.8652, w/df = 10, P = 0.0007, (P = 0.05)]. A significant difference was observed in the amount of error reporting (P = 0.031) and patient safety (P < 0.001) before and after the intervention. The degree of compliance with the dimensions of the patient safety culture had a statistically significant difference before and after the intervention (P < 0.001).
Conclusions: Providing a safety feedback program had a significant positive effect on the consumption and consequences of the patient’s safety culture. Therefore, conducting regular safety visits and setting up a direct feedback program to each department/unit after the visit, and the follow-up of corrective measures, will lead to an increase in patient safety standards.
How Iran’s Hospital Accreditation Program Meets the International Society for Quality in Health Care (ISQua)
Authors: Shams Lida , Gharibi Farid , Poursaki Tahmineh , Maher Ali
Published: September 2024

Background: Hospital health service quality is a fundamental component of the health system. Hospital accreditation is a key approach to enhancing this quality, necessitating the correct implementation of processes.
Objectives: This study aims to investigate the compliance of the executive processes of Iran’s hospital accreditation program with the requirements of the International Society for Quality in Health Care and to provide corrective solutions.
Methods: This qualitative study uses an inductive content analysis technique. A checklist with seven axes was established by extracting and interpreting the requirements of the executive processes from the International Society for Quality in Health Care. By examining existing documents at the Ministry of Health’s Accreditation Office and conducting interviews with managers and experts in the field, challenges in the domain of the executive processes of Iran’s hospital accreditation program were identified using the relevant checklist. Corrective solutions were then gathered through semi-structured interviews with 19 experts, managers, and accreditation field specialists, categorized inductively, and presented using MAXQDA software.
Results: Challenges in seven areas were identified, including governance; strategic, operational and financial management; risk management; human resources management; information management; survey and client management; and the granting of accreditation approval. Subsequently, solutions were categorized into five groups encompassing 26 concepts, focusing on reforming macro policies, addressing implementation challenges, fostering appropriate interactions, improving human resource management, and promoting evidence-based decision-making.
Conclusions: The Iran hospital accreditation program’s adherence to International Society for Quality in Health Care standards is inadequate. Establishing a semi-autonomous, non-profit accreditation body that operates under government control and ensuring the independence of the accreditation office is essential for achieving higher compliance and receiving certification from International Society for Quality in Health Care.
Evaluation of Regulatory B Cells and Serum IL-10 Concentration in Peripheral Blood of Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss
Authors: Nazari Farzad , Shahidi Maryam , Hajvalili Mahsa , Asadi rad Ali , Mortaz Esmaeil , Amani Davar
Published: September 2024

Background: Although the role of B cells in normal pregnancy has been recently highlighted, their importance and function are not completely clarified. Until now, some investigations have shown that during pregnancy, regulatory B cells (Breg), a subset of B cells, are one of the key players in immune regulation by both producing IL-10 and cell-cell interactions. Therefore, any decrease in the number or function of these cells may lead to recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Thus, the objective of this study was to characterize Breg cell frequency and function in women who suffered from RPL in comparison with healthy non-pregnant and pregnant women (under twenty weeks of gestational age) as controls.
Method: In this study, peripheral blood samples of women suffering from RPL (n=8), women with normal pregnancy under 20 weeks of gestational age (n=14), and healthy nonpregnant women (n=10) were collected. The frequency of Breg cells (CD19+CD24hiCD38hi) was measured by flow cytometry. The serum level of the IL-10 cytokine, as a marker of Breg cell function, was measured by ELISA.
Results: The Percentage of Breg cells in women who suffered from RPL was significantly lower than that of women who had normal pregnancies (P=0.0016). The percentages of Breg cells in women who suffered from RPL were also significantly lower than in non-pregnant women (P=0.0001). Furthermore, no significant differences were observed in Breg cell percentages between normal pregnant and non-pregnant women. Evaluation of IL-10 concentration in the serum of women who had participated in this study showed no significant differences between the three groups.
Conclusion: Based on our results, the number of Breg cells was significantly lower in RPL women than in healthy non-pregnant and normal-pregnant women, which shows the significance of these cells in the maintenance of normal pregnancy. However, we could not detect significant differences in the serum levels of IL-10, bringing to mind the notion that the beneficial and supportive function of these cells during pregnancy might be independent of IL-10 secretion. by these cells. Thus, screening of Breg cells in women with pregnancy complications, especially RPL, could be helpful for predicting a healthy pregnancy.
A New Immunogenic Structure of Polyepitopic Fusion against Leishmania major: In Silico Study
Authors: Pirmoradi Saeed , Khadem Mohammad Darvish , Monjezi Zohre , Bahrami Somayeh , Nzelu Chukwunonso O.
Published: September 2024

Background: The lack of complete protection against leishmaniasis and the challenges of anti-leishmaniasis drug treatment have made the treatment process more difficult. This study aimed to develop a new strategy for preparing a vaccine against cutaneous leishmaniasis using some of the antigenic proteins of the Leishmania parasite.
Methods: This study was carried out in 2022 at Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. After preparing suitable epitopes of the Leishmania parasite and examining their antiparasitic properties, the process of making a fusion vaccine was performed and with the help of various bioinformatics tools, physicochemical and structural properties as well as immunological and simulation properties were studied and finally optimized. Construction and cloning were performed in the E.coli K12 system and finally, the docking process was performed with Toll-like receptors (TLRs), major histocompatibility complex I (MHC-I), and MHC-II receptors. With the help of selected epitopes of the Leishmania parasite, which had a high percentage of population coverage, a stable, antigenic, and non-allergenic chimeric vaccine was predicted.
Results: The results of the structural analysis of the TLR5\vaccine complex and simulation of its molecular dynamics showed a sufficiently stable binding. It also showed good potential for stimulation and production of active B cells and memory, as well as the potential for CD8+ T, CD4+ T cell production and development of Th2 and Th1-induced immune responses.
Conclusion: Computational results showed that the designed immunogenic structure has the potential to adequately stimulate cellular and humoral immune responses against Leishmania parasitic disease. As a result of evaluating the effectiveness of the candidate vaccine through in vivo and in vitro immunological tests, it can be suggested as a vaccine against Leishmania major.
Feeding Behavior and Plasmodium Detection in Anopheles stephensi, a Ma-laria Vector in District Khyber, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Arif Mahnoor , Rasheed Syed Basit , Ullah Habib , Ali Shah Tawaf , Rehman Faiz Ur , Dawoud Turki M.
Published: September 2024

Background: Anopheles stephensi is a significant malaria vector in Pakistan, and understanding its feeding behavior is necessary to control the spread of malaria. However, limited information is available on the host preferences of A. stephensi in Pakistan. Therefore, we aimed to explore the feeding behavior of A. stephensi, a malaria vector, in the District Khyber, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Methods: A total of 7462 mosquitoes were collected between March and September 2021, with 1674 (22.4%) identified as A. stephensi (952 female and 722 male). Among the female A. stephensi, 495 (52%) were blood-fed. DNA was extracted from the blood-fed female A. stephensi mosquitoes using the Ammonium Acetate Precipitation Method followed by PCR analysis, blood meal sources were identified. Nested PCR on 191 pooled samples was used to detect Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax.
Results: Cattle blood meals were predominant (73%), followed by human (20%) and chicken (7%), with no dog blood meals detected. All individual mosquito samples were negative for Plasmodium falciparum, while two pooled samples (out of 191) tested positive for P. vivax.
Conclusion: A. stephensi in Khyber District primarily displayed anthropophagic feeding behavior, with a small portion of the population infected with P. vivax. The results underscore the importance of targeted vector control strategies, environmental management, community engagement and continuous monitoring to suppress malaria transmission.
Dirofilariasis in Male Genitalia: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Žulpaitė Rūta , Patašius Aušvydas , Drachneris Julius
Published: September 2024

Human dirofilariasis is a rare anthropo-zoonotic disease, mainly detected in Southern and Eastern Europe, Asia Minor, Central Asia, and Sri Lanka. An increasing number of autochthonous Dirofilaria spp. infections has been recently reported in the areas previously considered free of the disease, including northern Europe and the Baltic States. A rare autochthonous case of scrotal dirofilariasis detected in Lithuania was described. Here, a 42-year-old male presented with a 1 cm nodule, limited in the scrotum. A nodule excision was performed. On histological examination, a degenerating roundworm with the features of Dirofilaria spp. (multilayered cuticle, well-developed musculature, focally preserved longitudinal ridges) was detected in the abscess cavity. No additional treatment was needed. Twenty-four publications reporting 28 male genitalia dirofilariasis cases in European countries have been identified.
Occurrence and Environmental Factors Associated with Cryptosporidium in South-Eastern Iran
Authors: Shahraki Reza , Rezaei Mahdi , Dabirzadeh Mansour
Published: September 2024

The Article Abstract is not available.