bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Patient with Suspected Diphtheria
Authors: Arfijanto Muhammad Vitanata , Mashitah Siti Irma , Widiyanti Prihartini , Bramantono Bramantono
Published: March 2017

It was reported that a mature woman, Mrs. S, 42 years old with several complaints and symptoms such as fever, swallowing painweak body, swollen tonsil with beslag, dirty uvula of mouth cavity and tongue, and bullneck. The final diagnosis indicated that thepatient was suspected diphtheria, candidiasis oris, sepsis, and pneumonia. The sudden death of the patient was probably caused bymyocarditis.
Identification of Streptomyces sp-MWS1 Producing Antibacterial Compounds
Authors: Retnowati Wiwin
Published: March 2017

An actinomycete, designated Streptomyces sp-MWS1, was isolated from mangrove ecosystem soil in the eastern coast of Surabaya.  This organism was capable of producing a series of antibiotics that strongly inhibit the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, culture morphological and physiological characteristics of the isolated strain, Streptomyces sp-MWS1 were compared to other reference strains belong to Streptomyces species. The analysis of nucleotide sequence of the 16S rDNA indicated similarity binary 98% with Streptomyces species.
HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTION IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS: COMPARISON OF THE SURABAYA DIALYSIS CENTER AND JUNTENDO UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL DIALYSIS CENTRE
Authors: Santoso Djoko , Pranawa Pranawa , Yogiantoro Moh. , Widodo Widodo , Wardana Aditia , Mardiana Nunuk , Mohani Chandra Irwanadi , Soewanto Soewanto , Shou Ichiyu , Maeda Kunimi , Hamada Chieko , Fukui Mitsumine , Horikoshi Satoshi , Tomino Yasuhiko
Published: March 2017

Hepatitis C virus infection is highly prevalence in chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients. The present study will compare prevalence of HCV positive population in difference countries where there are great contrasts in and diversity of care available to patients who have end stage renal disease. All serum samples of the 100 patients were tested for HCV antibodies, using third-generation enzyme immunoassay. The prevalence of anti-HCV was correlated with a history of blood transfusion and with duration of hemodialysis. HCV prevalences were 88% of Surabaya group and 6% of Juntendo Group, respectively. In Surabaya Group, prevalence of HCV positive was high and the risk factors are not only those of the Juntendo Group, but also a combination of poor living conditions, frequent blood transfusions, and lack of adherence. Much needs to be studied about the role of universal screening and effective techniques for primary prevention in Surabaya Group
WHAT IS MALARIA?
Authors: Tantular Indah Setyawati
Published: March 2017

Malaria persists as an undiminished global problem and still is the cause of much human morbidity and mortality. Although the disease has been eradicated in many temperate zones, it continues to be endemic throughout much of the tropics and subtropics. Many tools for understanding its biology and epidemiology are well developed, with a particular richness of comparative genome sequences. Studies of the epidemiology, prevention, and treatment of human malaria methods, and analyses of parasite polymorphisms have long had have already been influenced by the availability of molecular useful and highly informative applications. The molecular epidemiology of malaria is currently undergoing its most substantial revolution as a result of the genomic information and technologiesthat are available in well-resourced centers. However, great progress in malaria control has been made in some highly endemic countries. Vector control is assuming a new importance with the significant reductions in malaria burden achieved using combined malaria control interventions. Education of health workers and communities about malaria prevention, diagnosis and treatment is a vital component of effective case management, especially as diagnostic policies change.
THE ETIO-PATHOGENESIS OF PERIODONTAL DISEASE
Authors: Mustaqimah Dewi Nurul
Published: March 2017

The etiology of polymicrobial disease such as periodontitis is likely to be more complex than suggested by the traditional paradigm of disease involving a single virulent organism which up to now has been believed. This review limits its discussion to the other subgingival microbiota which is not yet cultivable, however it is suggested be implicated with the severity of periodontal disease. The intricate interactions between viruses and bacteria within periodontal pockets as a co-infection process reveal its role in the etio-pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Also Archaea domain participate in syntrophic relationship with the microbiota life members in the subgingival crevice, promote colonization by special bacterial group during periodontitis. It is clear that periodontal diseases are not monoinfections.
RI SK FACTOR OF BACTEREMI A I N CHI LDREN WI TH PNEUMONIA
Authors: Asih Retno
Published: March 2017

Background: Pneumonia is known as a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality among children in developing countries. In children,it caused predominantly by bacteria. Bacteremia has been associated with severity and mortalitas of pneumonia. Identify factors caused bacteremia important to prevent severity and mortalitas of pneumonia. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify risk factors of bacteremia in children with pneumonia. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in children with pneumonia in Dr. Soetomo Surabaya Hospital from January 2007 to December 2008. Blood cultures be performed on all of this patients. Factors associated with bacteremia were identified following review of medical records include clinical features, laboratory , radiology and blood culture results. Results: Frequency of bacteremia was 8,2% (36 patients) of 438 children with pneumonia. Interval from onset of symptoms to hospital admission more than 5 days (22.69 CI 95%), severe malnourished (OR 9.05 CI 95%), anemia (OR 2.44 CI 95%), leucocyt counts less than 5000/mm3 and more than 20.000/mm3 (OR 2.41 CI 95%) and paO2 less than 80 mmHg (OR 4.25 CI 95%) were at increased risk of bacteremia in children with pneumonia. Conclusion: Risk factors bacteremia in children with pneumonia included age under 1 year, symptoms more than 5 days, severe malnourished ,anemia, leucosyt counts less than 5000/mmand more than 20.000/mm3 and paO2 less than 80 mmHg.
EFFECT OF CYNAMMYLDEHYDE FROM CINNAMON EXTRACT AS A NATURAL PRESERVATIVE ALTERNATIVE TO THE GROWTH OF Staphylococcus aureus BACTERIA
Authors: Winias Saka
Published: March 2017

Food is one of the best media for the microorganism to live and grow. Therefore, food is often broken because it has been contaminated by the microorganism. In industry country, approximately 30% of population infected by food borne disease. Food borne disease is caused of phatogen bacteria food borne. Staphylococus aureus is a kind of bacteria that can make food rotten and also it is a phatogen bacteria cause food born disease, no forming spora, positive gram bacteria and the food substance which is contaminated by Staphylococus aureus will cause poisoned becaused of enterotoxin which is heat resisting. Essential oil is antimicrobial and anti bacterial that the most effective, it can inhibit the growing of microba and bacteria. One of the example of essential oil is Cinnamon.sp oil. Cinnamon oil is antimcroba agent for bacteri and fungi because it contain cynammyldehyde and cynammyl alcohol and also eugenol. The aim of this study is to understand the antimcrobacterial potential of cynammyldehyde from cinnamon extract to Staphylococus aureus. This study is laboratory experimantal research. Essential oil from Cinnamon by destilation, then redistilation was done to get cynammyldehyde from cinnamon. Cynammyldehyde was tested to Staphylococus aureus. Test method was done as dilution in the form. From this result, it show that cynammyldehide from cinnamon extract has ability in inhibit the Staphylococus aureus growth. We can conclude that Cynammaldehyde from cinnamon extract has antibacterial effect especially for positive gram bacteria that is Staphylococcus aureus. The optimum inhibiting effort is 0.09%.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ATYPICAL DEPOLARIZATION IN CELLDYN 00 AND THE PRESENCE OF PLASMODIUM SPP IN BLOOD IN Dr. SOETOMO HOSPITAL SURABAYA
Authors: Nugraha Jusak
Published: March 2017

Background: Malaria is a parasitic disease worldwide with a high morbidity and mortality. A rapid and accurate method is needed to detect the presence of malaria parasites in blood. A flagging system atypical depolarization (atypdep) in CBC results from Cell-Dyn 3200 has been related with malaria infection. Materials and Methods: An observational cross sectional approach with 48 samples obtained from inpatients of the Dr.Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya. Samples were screened by Cell-Dyn 3200 analyzer for atypdep flagging in CBC. Positive samples were later confirmed by microscope to detect malaria parasites. results: From 48 samples with atypdep flagging, 7 samples were malaria positive on peripheral blood smear (13.1%). Most frequent atypdep flagging was seen in malignancy (18.7%), and approximately 54.6% of the samples were not accompanied by fever symptoms. Lekositosis and anemia each were found in 20 samples (41.6%) and thrombocytopenia in 33.3%. conclusion: The presence of atypdep flagging in Cell-Dyn 3200 does not necessarily indicate the existence of malaria or it could be said that atypdep flagging is not always associated with presence of malaria infection. The usage of an atypdep flagging in non-endemic areas such as Surabaya is just an alert sign to evaluate malaria infection rather than a screening method to detect malaria.
DIGITAL DETECTION SYSTEM DESIGN OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS THROUGH EXTRACTION OF SPUTUM IMAGE USING NEURAL NETWORK METHOD
Authors: Arisgraha Franky , Widiyanti Prihartini , Apsari Retna
Published: March 2017

Tuberculosis (TBC) is an dangerous disease and many people has been infected. One of many important steps to control TBC effectively and efficiently is by increasing case finding using right method and accurate diagnostic. One of them is to detect Mycobacterium Tuberculosis inside sputum. Conventional detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis inside sputum can need a lot of time, so digitallydetection method of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis was designed as an effort to get better result of detection. This method was designed by using combination between digital image processing method and Neural Network method. From testing report that was done, Mycobacterium can be detected with successful value reach 77.5% and training error less than 5%.
HEPATITIS B SEROLOGY PROFILES ON CHILDREN AGED 1–13 YEARS OLD IN SUMENEP, MADURA
Authors: Putera Edward M , Marcia Dian , Firdarini Itja , Amin Mochamad , Juniastuti Juniastuti , Purwono Priyo B , Utsumi Takako , Lusida Maria I
Published: March 2017

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) which was acquired during perinatal or childhood would promote hepatocellular carcinoma with even higher percentage than that which was acquired during adult age. That is why HBV represents a serious public health threat for children. HBV vaccination has been integrated into national expanded programme on immunization (EPI) since 1997. The aimof they study is to investigate the prevalence of HBV among children who were born after 1997 in Sumenep. Material and Methods: a total of 102 children who were born after 1997 were enrolled in this study. All children were admitted in the Emergency Room and Pediatric Ward of dr. H. Moh Anwar General Hospital for some reasons. Written informed consents were obtained from parents/guardians of all the children. Study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committees. All of these cases were examined for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to HBsAg (Anti-HBs), and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (Anti-HBc). Result and Discussion: Overall, 6 (5.88%) of 102 samples were positive for HBsAg, 51 (50.00%) of 102 samples were positive for anti-HBs, and 49 (48.04%) of 102 samples were positive for anti-HBc. All the children were born after 1997. Conclusion: HBsAg rate is still high even after universal vaccination program, acquired protective antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen were sufficient, but there is a suspicion for occult hepatitis B infections (OBI). A further study to confirm OBI is needed.
SERO-EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DENGUE VIRUS INFECTION IN CITIES OF INDONESIA
Authors: Soegijanto Soegeng , Mulyanto Kris Cahyo , Churotin Siti , Kotaki Tomohiro , Kamioka Masa Nori , Konichi Eiji , Yamanaka Atsusi , Wikanesthi Dyah
Published: March 2017

Background: Dengue Virus Infektion is major public health problem in Indonesia. Aedesaegypti is widespread in both urban and rural areas, where multiple virus Serotype are circulating. On 2013 outbreak of dengue virus infection occur in East Java. Therefore study seroepidemiology in Bangkalan and Lombok had been done. Aim: to find a mutated strain of Dengue Virus in 4 cities of Indonesia. Method: On 2011 and 2012 seroepidemiology study had been done in Dr. Soetomo Surabaya and Soerya Sidoarjo Hospital; and on  2013 study had been done in Surabaya, Bangkalan and Lombok Hospital . Diagnosis of Dengue Virus Infection was based on Criteri WHO - 2009. Virus isolation in Surabaya, Sidoarjo, Bangkalan and Lombok had been done. Result: a total of 349 isolate were obtained from dengue patients sera collected in Surabaya and Sidoarjo, 2011–2012 showed that Den V1 (182), Den V2 (20) Den V4 (1) were found in Surabaya on 2011 and Den V 1 (79) , Den V 2 (7) were found in Surabaya on 2012; Den V1 (40), Den V 2 (3) were found in Sidoarjo on 2011 and Den V 1 (17) were found in Sidoarjo on 2012; Virus isolation in Surabaya on 2013, January: 237 serum sample were collected, found Den V 1 (8), Den V 3 (2) and Den V 4 (5). And PCR stereotyping of isolated viruses in Madura found Den V 1 (1) and Den V 4 (23). In Lombok found Den V 4 (4).It is possible to shift predominant strain in Surabaya , Genotype or Serotype shift might increase the number of dengue patients. Conclusion: there were shift predominant strain in Surabaya especially Den V 1. Therefore to continuous surveillance of circulating viruses is required to predict the risk of DHF and DF.
IDENTIFICATION OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES IN HUMAN AND POULTRY IN THE AREA OF LARANGAN WET MARKET SIDOARJO-EAST JAVA, INDONESIA
Authors: Frederika Edith , Mareta Aldise , Poetranto Djoko , Wulandari Laksmi , Setyoningrum Retno Asih , Setyowati Lucia Landia , Yudhawati Resti , Soegiarto Gatot , Yamaoka Masaoki
Published: March 2017

Background: Influenza is a viral infection that attacks the respiratory system (nose, throat, and lungs) that commonly known as “flu”. There are 3 types of influenza viruses, such as type A, type B, and type C. Influenza virus type A is the type of virus that can infect both human and animals, virus type B are normally found only in human, and Influenza virus type C can cause mild illness in human and not causing any epidemics or pandemics. Among these 3 types of influenza viruses, only influenza A viruses infect birds, particularly wild bird that are the natural host for all subtypes of influenza A virus. Generally, those wild birds do not get sick when they are infected with influenza virus, unlike chickens or ducks which may die from avian influenza. Aim: In this study, we are identifying the influenza viruses among poultry in Larangan wet market. Method: Around 500 kinds of poultry were examined from cloacal swab. Result: Those samples were restrained with symptoms of suspected H5. The people who worked as the poultry-traders intact with the animal everyday were also examined, by taking nasopharyngeal swab and blood serum. Conclusion: Identification of influenza viruses was obtained to define the type and subtype of influenza virus by PCR.
THE IMMUNOSTIMULAN POTENTIAL OF TENGGULUN (PROTIUM JAVANICUM) LEAVES TOWARDS T CELL CD4+ AND IFNγ SECRETION ON PBMC CHICKEN
Authors: Jayawardhana Andi , Puspitasari Heni
Published: March 2017

One of the plants with immunostimulant activity is Tenggulun leaves which contain of flavonoid, like terpenoid. The aim of this research is to find the potential of Tenggulun’s leaves extract to have the immunostimulant activities. The potential of immunostimulant activity is identified by the increasing the amount of T-cell CD4+ expression and IFNγ secretion. The research method is conducted through cultured chicken PBMC which is infected by ND virus; it is then treated with Tenggulun’s leaves extract with immunostimulant. The result of immunocitochemistry examination CD4+ secretion on PBMC cultures shows how tenggulun is significantly different from the control in the secretion CD4+. The 10μg of tenggulun extract can modulate the T cell CD4+ secretion 68.8±0.83. It is significantly different from K (control) (p<0,05) and treatment group K+, P0, and P1. The examination of IFNγ level using ELISA from tenggulun leaves extract of 10μg doses were inoculated after being infected by ND virus contained immonostimulant potential in increasing the secretion of IFNγ 120.91±6.44. It is significantly different from K-, K+, and P1, yet not significantly different from P0. The content of terpenoid can increase IFNγ secretion on the macrofag cells culture and limfosit cells.
The effect of parity, birth weight babies, pregnancy interval and a history of hemorrhage with the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage (Case Study in the RSUD Ngudi Waluyo Wlingi Blitar on 2014)
Authors: Rifdiani Izfa
Published: March 2017

Postpartum hemorrhage is one of the problems was the cause of maternal deaths in Indonesia. The maternal mortality rate is one indicator for the degree of health specially of a woman. Postpartum hemorrhage is bleeding or blood loss of 500 cc or more that occurred after the child is born. The research objective was to analyze the effect of parity, birth weight babies, pregnancy interval and a history of postpartum hemorrhage in the mother after giving birth to the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage in Ngudi Waluyo Hospital Wlingi Blitar 2014. This study used a case-control design. The populations in this study are all mothers who gave birth in Ngudi Waluyo Hospital Wlingi Blitar 2014. The sampling technique was simple random sampling. The results were obtained no effect of parity on the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage (OR=0,810, CI 95% 0,329<OR<1,995 , OR=0,895, CI 95% 0,260<OR<3,077), there was no effect of birth weight babies on the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage (OR=0,651, CI 95% 0,104<OR<4,096), there was effect of pregnancy interval on the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage (OR = 17.953, 95% CI 3.550 <OR <90.785) and there was effect of a history of bleeding on the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage postpartum (OR = 18.104, 95% CI 3.559 <OR <92.097). Health workers are expected to provide advice to the mother who gave birth to not be pregnant again during the next 2 years, and then advise the mother to join the family planning program in order to distance the pregnancy can be arranged. Examination of the precision of pregnant women visit each semester will make health care workers, pregnant women and families more aware of the possibility of postpartum hemorrhage after childbirth.Key words: parity, birth weight babies, pregnancy interval, a history of postpartum hemorrhage, the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage
GAUDIUM ET SPES: A APRENDIZAGEM DA IGREJA CATÓLICA NO DIÁLOGO COM O MUNDO
Authors: Routhier Gilles
Published: March 2017

Defrontar-se com o projeto generoso e ambicioso do diálogo da Igreja com o mundo atual e com toda a humanidade é conhecer o piloti sine qua non da Gaudium et Spes. O ensinamento inovador da constituição é revisitado e examinado neste artigo, na tessitura de três categorias: o ponto de partida do diálogo, a forma e o método do discurso e o seu estilo. Elas trazem à baila o desafio de encontrar o tom acertado, a atitude adequada, o método apropriado para a tarefa da Igreja católica de dirigir-se ao mundo, haurindo dos gestos dos Padres conciliares os caminhos que eles abriram, que permanecem exemplares.
The Land Rights of Indigenous Peoples: Revaluation of Papua Special Autonomy
Authors: Pelupessy Eddy
Published: March 2017

The purpose of Special Autonomy for Papua is to resolve the source of the problem in Papua, especially concerning the rights of indigenous peoples. Normatively, the background of local autonomy for Papua is affirmed in Act No. 21 of 2001 on Papua Special Autonomy. The results shows that the recognition and protection of the land rights of indigenous peoples have been set clearly in the national legal system, such as Agrarian Law, Forest Law, as well as in Mineral and Coal Mining Law. However, recognition and protection of indigenous peoples’ rights to land in various legal products is still ambivalent. The essence of protection of indigenous peoples’ rights to land is also clearly regulated in Act No. 21 of 2001 and Perdasus No. 23 of 2008 has put customary law community on ownership of communal land is not the object of development, especially in the field of investment. The customary right and indigenous land which is the property and become an authority on indigenous peoples must be recognized by the government and regional and national communities about its presence. Therefore, the government should strive to protect the customary right through regulation of the Ministry of Agrarian and Land Agency and other laws related to the issue of customary rights, customary lands, indigenous peoples and their authority.
Method Determining the Contents of the Contract
Authors: Hernoko Agus Yudha , Anand Ghansham , Raden Roro Fiska Silvia
Published: March 2017

The contents of the contract are primarily determined by what the real mutually agreed upon by the parties. By interpreting some certain statements, in this case to determine its meaning, to be clear based on what the parties committed themselves. Why is the interpretation required? In facts, on the many cases provided a valuable lesson, how many commercial disputes arise when the performance of the contract. The dispute begins when the parties have a different understanding of the statement that they use in the contract. Indeed, businesses are very familiar with the business processes that they do, but at the time of the business process are set forth in the contract language and designed by those who do not understand the legal aspects of the contract, the contract can be ascertained open possibility for disputes. The power of contract binding (the contents of the agreement) toward to the characteristic and the wide spectrum of the rights and obligations contractually, basically a contract represents the power of performance among others in order implementing the rights and obligations of the parties. As an instrument to understand the contract, the method of determining the content of the contract (e.g., through interpretation, autonomous and heteronomous factors), further can be used to assess the reciprocation of rights and obligations in a meaningful and proportional contractual relationship.
Arbitration Award of ICSID on the Investment Disputes of Churchill Mining PLC v. Republic of Indonesia
Authors: Gunawan Yordan
Published: March 2017

The research is aimed at analyzing the ICSID (International Centre Settlement Investment Dispute) decision in solving a dispute between Churchill Mining PLC and the Government of the Republic of Indonesia. The case brought to the public attention, because mining license owned by PT. Ridlatama which acquired from Churchill Mining PLC had been revocated. Churchill Mining PLC holds 75% share of PT. Ridlatama and it suffered losses caused by the revocation of its mining license. Churchill Mining PLC filed the case to the local court but it failed. Churchill Mining PLC then sought ruling from International arbitration or ICSID. On December 6, 2016, ICSID issued a decision that clearly threw out Churchill Mining PLC claim. ICSID, the World Bank court, ordered the firm to pay a total of US$.9.446.528 in cost to the Government of the Republic of Indonesia. It is based on the evidences that the UK-Australia company did the fraud and had document forgery of coal mining permit in East Kutai, Indonesia. So the firm has violated the Bilateral Investment Treaties between Indonesia-UK and Indonesia-Australia.
Genetic Gain in Common Bean with Black Grain by Indirect Estimation Methods
Authors: Cláudio de Faria Luis , Santos Melo Patrícia Guimarães , Pereira Helton Santos , Melo Leonardo Cunha
Published: March 2017

The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic gain for yield of black‐grained common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) developed by the Embrapa breeding program of Brazil. Genetic gain estimates were generated from 403 field tests conducted in all regions of Brazil in three growing seasons over 16 yr, from 1993 to 2008. Genetic gains were estimated by two indirect methods and were compared with those found through a direct estimation method. The first methodology used the mixed model approach to calculate the best unbiased linear estimate of cycle means, as fixed effects, and the best unbiased predictor of the genotype effect within cycles, as random effects. The second methodology of generalized least squares considered a model of fixed effects, except for the error. For the direct method, 24 lines consisting of the three highest yielding of each of the eight breeding cycles were evaluated in 21 environments. The estimated percentage of annual genetic gain in grain yield by the direct method over the 16‐yr period (1.23%, P < 0.01) was significant and close to the result of the fixed model analysis (1.20%, P < 0.05) and by the mixed model (1.02%, P = 0.068). These results show that the indirect methods using a fixed model and the mixed model were consistent in determining genetic gain and can be used as an alternative to the direct method.
Maize Grain Yield and Kernel Component Relationships to Morphophysiological Traits in Commercial Hybrids Separated by Four Decades
Authors: Chen Keru , Camberato James J. , Vyn Tony J.
Published: March 2017

Hybrid era and management practices like nitrogen (N) rate and plant density influence canopy traits and their correlations with grain yield, kernel number, and kernel weight in maize (Zea mays L.). A four site‐year study was conducted employing two N rates (55 and 220 kg N ha−1) with three plant densities between 54,000 and 104,000 plants ha−1 for two newer hybrids (2005) and two older hybrids (1967 and 1975). Hybrids varied in anthesis–silking interval, specific leaf nitrogen (SLN), specific leaf area, and leaf greenness (soil plant analysis development [SPAD] readings), but not in leaf area index (LAI) at silking. Consistently higher kernel weight in newer hybrids (15% in 2012, 23% in 2013) across management treatments was related to their higher SLN at silking and green leaf number retention during grain filling. The threshold LAI at silking for maximum kernel number for 2005 hybrids (averaging 3917 kernels m−2) occurred at 4.0 m2 m−2, compared with 3.28 m2 m−2 for the 1975 hybrid (3893 kernels m−2), and kernel number declined when LAI exceeded 3.43 m2 m−2 for the 1967 hybrid. Higher leaf biomass, leaf N content, and therefore higher SLN at silking in newer hybrids contributed to greater green leaf retention during grain filling. Applying more N weakened correlations between grain yield and canopy attributes, including leaf retention in both years and yield correlations with leaf biomass, leaf N content, LAI, and SLN in 2013 (more favorable weather). Grain yields for all hybrids in 2013 had higher correlations with LAI at silking and during grain fill when grown at higher densities.
Nitrous Oxide Fluxes and Soil Oxygen Dynamics of Soil Treated with Cow Urine
Authors: Owens Jen , Clough Tim J. , Laubach Johannes , Hunt John E. , Venterea Rodney T.
Published: March 2017

Core Ideas

Heavy irrigation, surface flooding, and urine decrease soil oxygen.

When soil oxygen decreases, N2O fluxes rapidly increase when nitrogen is available.

Nitrous oxide fluxes are explained well using relative soil gas diffusivity.

Ruminant urine deposition onto pasture creates hot‐spots where emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) are produced by aerobic and anaerobic microbial pathways. However, limited measurements of in situ soil oxygen (O2)–N2O relationships hinder the prediction of N2O emissions from urine‐affected soil. This study tested whether soil O2 concentration or relative diffusivity of O2 (Dp/DO) could explain N2O emissions from urine patches. Using a randomized plot design, N2O emissions were measured daily from a perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) pasture for 56 d following bovine (Bos taurus) urine deposition to an imperfectly drained silty loam soil. Soil O2, volumetric water content, pH, conductivity, and extractable N and C were measured in urine‐amended and non‐amended soil. Values of water‐filled pore space (WFPS) and DP/DO were modeled. When data from treatments were pooled together, daily mean DP/DO explained 73% of the total variance in mean daily N2O flux, compared with 65, <60, and <20% for WFPS, O2 and other measured variables, respectively. Soil pH, O2, volumetric water content, WFPS and DP/DO all explained more of the variance in the urine‐amended compared with the non‐amended soil. Daily N2O fluxes increased substantially at DP/DO values around 0.006, which was consistent with past laboratory studies. These results demonstrate for the first time an O2 diffusion threshold for elevated N2O fluxes in the field, expressed as DP/DO ≈ 0.006. Further studies should examine the consistency of this threshold under varying N and C substrates and a range of soil pH.
APLs e Desenvolvimento Territorial: um Estudo sobre o Programa Território da Cidadania Norte do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Kronemberger Thais Soares , Villela Lamounier Erthal , Zani Felipe Barbosa
Published: March 2017

<span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as implicações do Arranjo Produtivo Local (APL) de petróleo do Norte Fluminense sobre a governança regional e mais especificamente dos impactos deste APL sobre o processo de formação do Território da Cidadania Norte-RJ. Parte-se do pressuposto de que a distribuição desigual dos benefícios proporcionados pela cadeia produtiva do petróleo compromete a política de desenvolvimento territorial, sobretudo quanto à delimitação dos territórios, o que traria consequências para a prática da gestão social. Ao assumir o território como unidade de gestão das políticas públicas, as ações a serem realizadas requerem o envolvimento e a articulação de distintos atores sociais por meio da constituição de uma governança democrática na construção de um projeto comum de desenvolvimento para o território. Soma-se a isso, o processo de delimitação territorial que necessariamente deve seguir aspectos identitários e de coesão social, a fim de favorecer a construção de ações conjuntas entre os diversos atores em prol do desenvolvimento. As etapas metodológicas deste estudo contemplaram pesquisas bibliográfica, documental e pesquisa de campo. Foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com representantes dos empresários, da sociedade civil e do poder público. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que o APL de petróleo contribui para segregar os municípios do Norte-RJ, o que impacta no processo de formação do Território da Cidadania nesta região e pode fragilizar a gestão social, devido à limitação da diversidade de atores no processo decisório e a dificuldade na construção de consensos necessários a dinâmica participativa.
Acesso à Informação e Ação Comunicativa: Novo Trunfo para a Gestão Social
Authors: Angélico Fabiano , Carvalho Teixeira Marco Antonio
Published: March 2017

O presente texto trata do acesso à informação e da transparência como instrumentos de democratização e tem por objetivo discutir o acesso a informações públicas, disciplinado no Brasil pela lei 12.572/2011, articulado com o conceito de Gestão Social e iluminado pela teoria habermasiana da ação comunicativa, na medida em que possibilita a redução da assimetria informacional entre governantes e governados, criando condições para um diálogo mais franco e menos desigual nas relações entre governos e movimentos sociais e governo e indivíduos em torno de políticas públicas e atividades reguladas pelo Estado. O trabalho foi realizado com base em levantamento sobre a implementação das leis gerais de acesso à informação em diferentes países e buscou, a partir disso, mostrar as particularidades da implementação dessa legislação no Brasil e seus primeiros resultados após três meses de efetivo funcionamento dessa nova legislação. Conclui que a Lei Geral de Acesso à Informação (LGAI) pode ser um importante instrumento para o fortalecimento da Gestão Social por contribuir para que o acesso a informações seja menos assimétrico, tornando as relações entre Estado e sociedade mais democráticas e mais republicanas.
As técnicas de avaliação da eficiência, eficácia e efetividade na gestão pública e sua relevância para o desenvolvimento social e das ações públicas
Authors: Sano Hironobu , Montenegro Filho Mário Jorge França
Published: March 2017

A necessidade crucial de mais eficiência, eficácia e efetividade (3Es) das ações governamentais está intrinsecamente relacionada à questão do desenvolvimento, pois suas possibilidades são muitas vezes cerceadas, devido aos limites que surgem quando os atores envolvidos na gestão pública não estão comprometidos com estes conceitos, resultando em impactos negativos na vida de todos os cidadãos. Daí a demanda por uma avaliação sistemática, contínua e eficaz que esbarra na falta de clareza quanto a indicadores de desempenho no setor público. Assim, o presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar sete propostas de utilização dos citados indicadores (3Es) na gestão pública, visando o desenvolvimento das políticas sociais. As principais conclusões deste estudo são sobre a relevância dos conceitos apresentados (3Es) para o desenvolvimento social, a importância da comparação de desempenhos, a necessidade de adoção de mais de um método que seja eficientes, eficazes e efetivos e o carecimento de convencer e capacitar os envolvidos.
A participação dos cooperados no processo de desenvolvimento da Cooperativa Agroindustrial COPAGRIL de Marechal Cândido Rondon - PR
Authors: Favarim Eliane Aparecida , Batista Alfredo Aparecido
Published: March 2017

O presente trabalho é resultado de um procedimento de averiguação, descrição e análise de um estudo de caso. Para tal, o objeto de nosso estudo incide nas relações desenvolvidas pelos cooperados na constituição e desenvolvimento da Cooperativa Agroindustrial Copagril de Marechal Cândido Rondon – Paraná. Nossa direção, neste desenvolvimento metodológico, conduziu o objetivo geral em aprender, compreender e analisar o movimento de inserção dos associados da Copagril na tomada de decisões na condição de cooperados. Direcionamos nossa pesquisa abordando como problema – em que medida, ao assumir a personalidade de cooperado na Copagril, garante aos membros associados participarem nas decisões efetivadas nos espaços deliberativos. Desenvolvemos o estudo por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e dados primários coletados através de entrevistas diretas. Os sujeitos da pesquisa, cooperados da Copagril foram escolhidos em número de 25 intencionalmente, fundamentado em critérios científicos. A conclusão do estudo/pesquisa remeteu-nos à seguinte conclusão: A Copagril age disputando seu espaço no mercado. Suas decisões são tomadas da mesma forma que as demais empresas concorrentes. Assim, os agricultores desencadeiam movimentos de não-fidelidade à cooperativa, negando elementos fundantes do significado de cooperado.
A Atuação Política na Formação dos Estados de Mato Grosso do Sul e do Tocantins e o Movimento Separatista no Pará
Authors: Oliveira Thiago José Arruda , Pizzio Alex , Rocha Silva Mônica Aparecida , Cardoso Bárbara Françoise
Published: March 2017

A Constituição de 1988 impôs a democracia no Brasil, e com isso, os cidadãos brasileiros, junto com os representantes políticos, começaram a participar do processo decisório no país. O principal objetivo deste artigo é analisar de que forma este ambiente afeta a atuação política dos separatistas estaduais. Para isso, resgata o processo histórico que moldou os atuais recortes políticos no Brasil, concentrando a análise nas duas últimas unidades implantadas: Mato Grosso do Sul e Tocantins. Apesar de se formarem em uma conjuntura política diferente do que presenciado atualmente, a atuação política nestes dois estados, comparando-se com o cenário político na qual Carajás e Tapajós estavam envolvidos, podem apontar os caminhos para compreender melhor esta temática. Os resultados comparativos mostram que o regime democrático impôs empecilhos para que uma nova Unidade fosse criada, e as lideranças que defendem a emancipação devem atuar como negociadoras, principalmente dialogando com os políticos do próprio estado afetado. Por último, as forças separatistas devem elaborar novas formas de atuação, incorporando estratégias na qual o regime democrático exige, além de atuar como negociadora ativa, inclusive mantendo conversas com as lideranças locais opositoras.
Apresentação
Authors: Basso David
Published: March 2017
Two Cases of Massively Prolapsed Patent Vitellointestinal Duct
Authors: Singh Sudhir , Chaubey Digamber , Rawat J D , Singh Gurmeet
Published: March 2017

Patent vitellointestinal duct (PVID) is a benign congenital anomaly usually presenting with fecal discharge from the umbilicus. In this report, we describe two cases of PVID presented with massive bowel prolapse through the PVID and signs of intestinal obstruction. Surgery revealed prolapse of the ileal intussusceptum through the PVID. Both babies were successfully managed with surgery.
ECPIRM, a Potential Therapeutic Agent for Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma, Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis via a JAK/STAT Pathway
Authors: Yang Hua , Ma Pengcheng , Cao Yuping , Zhang Mengli , Li Lingjun , Wei Jun , Tao Lei , Qian Kun
Published: March 2017

Background:

Retinoids are important agents for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas
(CTCL). But side effects and drug resistance caused by activation of RAR/RXR limited their clinical application.
Therefore, it is urgent to develop new agents to fight against CTCL. ECPIRM, a 13-cis retinoic acid derivative,
was reported that it inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of SCL-1 cells.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the biological activities and mechanisms of ECPIEM.

Methods:

The effect of ECPIRM on cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay and Trypan blue exclusion
assay while FACS analysis was used to detect changes in cell cycle and apoptosis in HUT78 cells. The influence
of ECPIRM on RAR/RXR and JAK/STAT signaling was evaluated by western blot analysis.

Results:

ECPIRM, better than other agents (all-trans retinoic acid,13-cis-retinoic acid or bexarotene), inhibited
proliferation and induced apoptosis significantly in HUT78 cells, but with little cytotoxicity on normal lymphocytes.
Then ECPIRM induced G0/G1 phase arrest by decreasing the expression of cyclinD1, cyclinE, CDK2 and
CDK4 while increasing p21. Furthermore, the unaffected expression of RAR and RXR members suggested that
ECPIRM acted independently of RAR/RXR pathway in HUT78 cells. But decreased phosphorylation of JAK1,
STAT3, STAT5 and downregulated Bcl-xL, Cyclin D1 and c-Myc indicated that ECPIRM inhibited the activation
of JAK/STAT signaling.

Conclusion:

ECPIRM inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis and G0/G1 phase arrest in HUT78 cells
through inhibiting JAK/STAT pathway but not RAR/RXR pathway, which presented ECPIRM as a promising
candidate for the treatment of CTCL patients.
SEPARATION OF Ca AND Fe METAL ION IN SOURCE WATER BY ADSORPTION COLUMN TECHNIC WITH LOCAL ZEOLITE AND ACTIVE CARBON
Authors: Suyanta Suyanta , Kholid Hanafi Idham , S Bambang
Published: March 2017

This research aims are to separate of Ca and Fe metal ion in source water, with local zeolite and active carbon by adsorption column technic. Efficiency of separation are control by adsorption time and size of zeolite. Method that used was column adsorption with a flow system in which sample is applied to the filtration tube containing zeolite and active carbon. Initial and final concentrations of the samples were analyzed using Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometer instrument. The results obtained shows that ability adsorption of zeolite to Ca and Fe metal ion are a good. Zeolite 1 (10 mesh) can reduce iron concentration until 93.98 % and zeolite 2 (5mesh) until 98.88% for 1 – 4 week range time. Whereas reducing of calcium concentration is not good, until 2 week period time adsorption of calcium ion is about 50%. Keywords: adsorption, zeolite, source water
Obstacles to the Automation of Building Performance Simulation: Adaptive Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) design
Authors: Somboonwit Nuttasit , Boontore Amon , Rugwongwan Yanin
Published: March 2017

Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) is one of the most promising renewable energy technologies. A BIPV system as a second layer of building envelopes is useful not only for the electric power generation but also for blocking solar radiation to reduce cooling load. This study aimed to explore the limitations of the automated BPS of an adaptive BIPV case study that its development conducted through a collaboration of a BIM software, a BIM-integrated visual programming environment, and a cloud-based energy analysis. The possible obstacles to BIPV design processes and the potential solutions have been discussed.Keywords: Automated Building Performance Simulation; Adaptive Building; Building Integrated Photovoltaic; Building Information Modelling; Parametric ModellingISSN: 2398-4287© 2017. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
Comparison of Concept Transferring Procedures of Basic Idea between Handmade Design and Computer Modeling
Authors: Pijukkana Pracha , Rugwongwan Yanin
Published: March 2017

This research aims to make a comparative study of the performance results between creating the basic idea designs by handmade design process and by computer modeling process. The study of product design by using handmade process and computer modeling process has the same objectives which are to generate ideas and encourage creativity in product design. Though these two processes are done by using different tools, they have the same idea of using the interactive between brain, hand, and forms that appear on the paper or on the computer to improve and Idea Development, Sketch Design. Also, these two processes are used as an approach to teach and learn industrial product design, they can be chosen to suit students with different features and can be used to increase academic achievement performance.Keywords: Basic Idea, Handmade Design, Computer Modeling, Industrial Product Design.ISSN: 2398-4287© 2017. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, UniversitiTeknologi MARA, Malaysia.
Riverine Culture in Urban Context: Spatial ethnographic of urban floating kampung in Tumok Manggis, Sambas City, West Kalimantan
Authors: Lubis Mira Sophia , Hardjoko Triatno J. , Susanto Dalhar
Published: March 2017

Waterfront might be conceived as an entry to places where urbanity evolves. The physical process arises from the socio-political and economic development of its society. It entails a complex social and ecological processes constantly occur and how they interfere with each other. This paper analyses the ethnography of place in Tumok, a traditional floating kampung in Sambas, in the perspective of socio-ecology. This study is in an initial part of an ongoing Ph.D research on the urban political ecology of river settlements. Up to this stage, research findings have shown that becoming such a part of the past riverine culture in the context of present land-oriented urban culture has raised a new insight about how to view the urban waterfront.Keywords: riverine culture; socio-ecological process; spatial ethnography; urban kampung ISSN: 2398-4287© 2017. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, UniversitiTeknologi MARA, Malaysia.
Reading the Visual Environment: Wayfinding in healthcare facilities
Authors: Mustikawati Triandriani , Yatmo Yandi Andri , Atmodiwirjo Paramita
Published: March 2017

This paper reports an on-going project that studies how visitors search and use information from the visual environment to guide wayfinding within a healthcare facility. The execution of wayfinding task by ten participants as simulated visitors of a General Hospital in Malang, Indonesia were recorded by video camera and voice recorder. This study revealed that during wayfinding, visitors would focus on the visual environment. Visitors would search, select and use information for wayfinding by reading the environment. These results imply that the arrangement of visual environment is crucial to support wayfinding.Keywords: wayfinding; healthcare facility;visual environment; visual reading. ISSN: 2398-4287© 2017. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
Adaptation Criteria towards Quality Culture for the Malaysian Contractors
Authors: Wena Jacqueline , Ismail Faridah , Hashim Norfashiha , Romeli Norsyakilah
Published: March 2017

The construction sector has lagged behind regarding quality development. Though quality issues have become the major concern in the construction industry, there is an absence of the theory that propagates construction quality among contractors which lead to quality performance. This paper discusses the adaptation criteria for the Malaysian contractors that could be adapt for the management as well as the staff. Extensive literature reviews were done to identify adaptation criteria within the Malaysian context. Therefore, this paper encourages the contractors to implement these criteria in the workplace in order to improve the quality of life of contractors that will lead to project success.Keywords: Quality Culture, Adaptation Criteria, Malaysian ContractorsISSN: 2398-4287© 2017. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.