bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regular consumption of “Nkui”, a Cameroonian traditional dish, may protect against cardiovascular and bone disorders in an estrogen deficiency condition
Authors: Tchoupang Edwige Nana , Ateba Sylvin Benjamin , Mvondo Marie Alfrede , Ndinteh Derek Tantoh , Nguelefack Télesphore Benoit , Zingue Stéphane , Krenn Liselotte , Njamen Dieudonné
Published: April 2021

Objectives

There is a growing body of evidence indicating the potential of culinary herbs and spices to decrease the incidence of several chronic diseases or conditions. Because of this, the WHO recommends their regular consumption. In the Cameroonian culinary practices, “Nkui” is a famous dish made from a mixture of 10 spices. In our previous study, the ethanolic extract of this mixture exhibited promising estrogenic properties. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate its protective effects on some menopause-related cardiovascular and bone disorders.

Methods

For this purpose, a post-menopause-like model (ovariectomized rats) has been used. Animals were orally treated with the “Nkui” extract for 60 days. The investigation focused on the oxidative stress status, endothelial function (NO bioavailability), lipid profile, and bone mass, biochemical (calcium and inorganic phosphorus contents, serum alkaline phosphatase activity) and histomorphological features.

Results

The extract regulated lipid metabolism in a way to prevent accumulation of abdominal fat, gain in body weight and increased atherogenic indexes induced by ovariectomy. It prevented menopause-related low levels of nitric oxide and oxidative stress damage by increasing superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, while reducing glutathione and malondialdehyde levels in the heart and aorta. Moreover, it prevented ovariectomy-induced bone mass loss, bone marrow disparities and the disorganization of the trabecular network. It also increased femur calcium and inorganic phosphorus contents.

Conclusions

These results suggest that a regular consumption of “Nkui” may have health benefits on cardiovascular system and osteoporosis, major health issues associated with menopause.
Correlation between gastrointestinal symptoms and adherence to traditional Persian medicine dietary recommendations in patients with vitiligo; a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jaladat Amir Mohammad , Amiri-Ardekani Ehsan , Ramezani Pariya Sadat , Boroughani Mohadese , Emami Alorizi Morteza , Parvizi Mohammad Mahdi
Published: April 2021

Objectives

Vitiligo is a chronic disease associated with the depigmentation of regions of the skin secondary to structural or functional damage to melanocytes. This damage results from interactions between the immune system and oxidative stress. In traditional Persian medicine (TPM), the concept of ‘Barass’ or ‘Pissi’ encompasses a group of skin diseases including vitiligo, for which there has been an emphasis on the preventive and therapeutic role of dietary modifications.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, 200 vitiligo patients and 200 controls were enrolled with a random sampling method. The participants included patients with vitiligo referred to the Dermatology Clinic of Shahid Faghihi Hospital (Shiraz, Iran), with the control group being comprised individuals who referred to this clinic for cosmetic purposes. Questionnaires comparing the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms and the rate of adherence to TPM dietary recommendations were filled by all participants. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.0.

Results

The case group was significantly less adherent to TPM recommendations than the control group (8.25 ± 27.16 vs. 31.8 ± 10.47; p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference between both groups in the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) scores (14.09 ± 14.84 vs. 12.62 ± 11.71; p = 0.105). In the case group, the level of adherence to the recommendations of TPM was significantly lower among patients with lower education levels (R=−0.194; p=0.017). Furthermore, there was a significant negative relationship between the length of the disease and adherence to TPM dietary recommendations (R=−0.247; p=0.002).

Conclusions

In this study, the level of adherence to TPM recommendations was significantly lower among patients with vitiligo than the control group. Hence, further studies are suggested to identify the probable role of dietary habits in the pathogenesis of vitiligo.
A four-lncRNA signature for predicting prognosis of recurrence patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Chen Qiang , Hu Zunqi , Zhang Xin , Wei Ziran , Fu Hongbing , Yang DeJun , Cai Qingping
Published: April 2021

Purpose

This study aimed to develop a multi-long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) signature for the prediction of gastric cancer (GC) based on differential gene expression between recurrence and nonrecurrence patients.

Methods

By repurposing microarray expression profiles of RNAs from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we performed differential expression analysis between recurrence and nonrecurrence patients. A prognostic risk prediction model was constructed based on data from TCGA database, and its reliability was validated using data from Gene Expression Omnibus database. Furthermore, the lncRNA-associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed, namely, DIANA-LncBasev2 and starBase database.

Results

We identified 363 differentially expressed RNAs (317 mRNAs, 18 lncRNAs, and 28 microRNAs [miRNAs]). Principal component analysis showed that the seven-feature lncRNAs screened by support vector machine–recursive feature elimination algorithm was more informative for predicting recurrence of GC in comparison with the eight-feature lncRNAs screened by random forest–out-of-bag algorithm. Four of the seven-feature lncRNAs including LINC00843, SNHG3, C21orf62-AS1, and MIR99AHG were chosen to develop a four-lncRNA risk score model. This risk score model was able to distinguish patients with high and low risk of recurrence, and was tested in two independent validation sets. The ceRNA network of this four-lncRNA signature included 10 miRNAs and 178 mRNAs. The mRNAs significantly related to the Wnt-signaling pathway and relevant biological processes.

Conclusion

A useful four-lncRNA signature recurrence was established to distinguish GC patients with high and low risk of recurrence. Regulating the relevant miRNAs and Wnt pathway might partly affect GC metastasisby.
Existence results for a class of random delay integrodifferential equations
Authors: Diop Amadou , Diop Mamadou Abdul , Ezzinbi K.
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we consider a class of random partial integro-differential equations with unbounded delay. Existence of mild solutions are investigated by using a random fixed point theorem with a stochastic domain combined with Schauder’s fixed point theorem and Grimmer’s resolvent operator theory. The results are obtained under Carathéodory conditions. Finally, an example is provided to illustrate our results.
Industrial azomethine nickel complex pigments. Four crystal structures from X-ray powder diffraction data
Authors: Brüning Jürgen , Ivashevskaya Svetlana N. , van de Streek Jacco , Alig Edith , Schmidt Martin U.
Published: April 2021

The crystal structures of the azomethine nickel complexes Pigment Orange 68 (P.O.68, C29H18N4O3Ni), Pigment Red 257 (P.R.257, C16H4Cl8N6O2Ni), and Solvent Brown 53 (S.Br.53, C18H10N4O2Ni) were determined from powder diffraction data. The compounds are industrially used for the colouration of plastics and coatings. P.O.68 exists in two polymorphic forms, the commercial one is the α-phase. The crystal structures were solved from laboratory data using real-space methods and refined by the Rietveld method. For the Rietveld refinement of α-P.O.68, synchrotron data were employed. In all structures, the Ni2+ ion is coordinated by two N atoms and two O atoms in a square-planar geometry. Both phases of P.O.68 crystallise in P21/c, Z = 4. In both structures, the molecules form dimers via an inversion centre, with Ni-to-Ni distances of 3.606 Å (α-phase) and 3.286 Å (β-phase). The dimers are stacked into columns. Neighbouring columns are connected by hydrogen bonds: one classical N–H⋅⋅⋅O bond, and one N–H⋅⋅⋅π bond to the naphthalene moiety of a molecule in the neighbouring stack. P.R.257 crystallises in P21/c, Z = 2, with molecules on inversion centres. The molecules show a typical van der Waals packing without close Ni-Ni contacts. S.Br.53 exhibits Pbcn symmetry with Z = 8. The molecules form columns with Ni-to-Ni distances of 3.508 Å.
Adaptation of Labor Migrants from the Arab East in EU
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences., Sarabiev Alexey
Published: April 2021

The socio-cultural adaptation and economic integration of labor immigrants from the Arab East in Europe remains, until now, an insufficiently studied phenomenon. Meanwhile, this topic is related to solving the issues of increasing the economic and social efficiency of labor immigration to main European cities, and the conclusions of the study may be in demand, including in our country. We have used the method of rapid (three-question) survey of these immigrants. Special attention is paid to labor immigrants in Germany and Bulgaria. A certain disunity between Arab communities from different Mashriq countries, a significant business and cultural distance with people from the Maghreb is revealed. There is a difference in world view between Eastern Arab immigrants and European residents, as well as a relative diasporal isolation (cultural and business) of labor immigrants. The difference in the situation of the communities under consideration in several European countries is small. It is based on the comparable rootedness of communities, primarily in the respective diasporal networks more than in the local business environment. A long-term forecast for the development of migration to Europe is given, which implies that the dynamics of immigration of Eastern Arabs will not grow, but will even decrease over time.
European Social Model and Opportunities for Establishing Welfare States in Latin America
Authors:   Institute of Latin America, Russian Academy of Sciences., Ermolieva Eleonora
Published: April 2021

. The article provides a comparative analysis of European and Latin American models of the Welfare State. The author shows that the experience of the European social paradigm has been carefully studied in the Latin American region in the past, and is taken into account nowadays, when all the countries over the planet are faced with the dramatic consequences of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. In addition to a deep economic shock, other problems are attributed to the characteristics of the current cycle (sometimes referred to as “neo-normal”) such as welfare loss and deepening social inequalities. Complicated social environment objectively forces the governments on both sides of the Atlantic to search for medium term strategies for social protection of the most vulnerable strata of society. There is an acute issue of the State's ability to cope with the consequences of the pandemic crisis, to find ways for economic recovery and overcoming social difficulties that have arisen. The hypothesis is put forward that Transatlantic interaction in the field of social policy will help to find more effective measures for solving some social problems in Latin American region.
Theta Oscillations Gate the Transmission of Reliable Sequences in the Medial Entorhinal Cortex
Authors: Neru Arun , Assisi Collins
Published: April 2021

Stability and precision of sequential activity in the entorhinal cortex (EC) is crucial for encoding spatially guided behavior and memory. These sequences are driven by constantly evolving sensory inputs and persist despite a noisy background. In a realistic computational model of a medial EC (MEC) microcircuit, we show that intrinsic neuronal properties and network mechanisms interact with theta oscillations to generate reliable outputs. In our model, sensory inputs activate interneurons near their most excitable phase during each theta cycle. As the inputs change, different interneurons are recruited and postsynaptic stellate cells are released from inhibition. This causes a sequence of rebound spikes. The rebound time scale of stellate cells, because of anh–current, matches that of theta oscillations. This fortuitous similarity of time scales ensures that stellate spikes get relegated to the least excitable phase of theta and the network encodes the external drive but ignores recurrent excitation. In contrast, in the absence of theta, rebound spikes compete with external inputs and disrupt the sequence that follows. Further, the same mechanism where theta modulates the gain of incoming inputs, can be used to select between competing inputs to create transient functionally connected networks. Our results concur with experimental data that show, subduing theta oscillations disrupts the spatial periodicity of grid cell receptive fields. In the bat MEC where grid cell receptive fields persist even in the absence of continuous theta oscillations, we argue that other low frequency fluctuations play the role of theta.
The Pull of Horses
Authors: Shook Jen
Published: April 2021

This interview with the creators of the multimedia exhibit The Pull of Horses on National and Local Histories and Identities and its documentary video The Pull of Horses in Urban American Performance, 1860–1920 elucidates sound’s cause-and-effect relationship with horse-suffused culture, as well as sound’s role in recovering and re-performing the past. Curated by Kim Marra and Mark Anderson and sound-designed by Wade Hampton, the pieces “illuminate how horses shaped gender and other human identities and bodies in and beyond the emerging U.S. cultural capital, New York City, during a pivotal era of industrial transformation when 130,000 horses dwelled among 1.85 million people on the island of Manhattan.”
Hearing Is Believing
Authors: Frumkin R.A.
Published: April 2021

This essay explores music’s power to explicate, exaggerate, and even undermine moving images, examining first the marriage of sound and film through the invention of the Vitaphone and later illustrating the maturation of this marriage through an exegesis of Nicholas Britell’s score for the popular television show Succession. The Vitaphone debuted with Al Jolson’s The Jazz Singer, a film that made Jolson a household name and further popularized the vaudeville tradition of blackface. It is no coincidence that the synchronization of sound and film—a major innovation that would change the way we think of both for decades to come—had such racist origins, as the history of American innovation is also the history of capitalist white supremacy. Succession concerns the Roys, a legacy media family whose scion, Kendall, considers himself an innovator. Through Britell’s instrumentals, which are written to reflect Kendall’s ups and downs, we come to understand the score not as a simple, uncritical accompaniment of Succession’s images (as the Vitaphone was for The Jazz Singer) but as an anticapitalist voice of its own, delivering criticisms of Kendall’s avarice and cultural appropriation while still evincing compassion for him as he plunges deeper into addiction. This essay maintains that sound in film, a technology with troubling origins, is now capable of asserting itself apart from that film and thus delivering a dialectical criticism of those very origins.
Sounding Out the Symptoms of Gentrification in Berlin
Authors: Feiereisen Florence , Sassin Erin
Published: April 2021

Scholars of gentrification often study the visual results of socioeconomic structural change in urban environments, including graffiti removal and historical reconstructions of façades, turning “ugly” factory ruins into charming residential loft spaces, etc. This article examines the gentrification of Berlin’s former working-class neighborhood Prenzlauer Berg in terms of sound. We present the Knaack Klub as a sonic case study symbolizing the erasure of the voices and culture of Berlin’s long-term residents and argue that contestations over sound, brought on by West German migrants in what can be considered a “hostile takeover” of parts of East Berlin, are a key driver of gentrification. Mining visual material including photographs, police reports, court verdicts, real estate advertisements, and street maps for acoustic clues, we are able to synthesize sight and sound, ultimately allowing us to move beyond the surface—in this case, building façades—to study the visual and sonic penetration of a gentrifying neighborhood’s intersecting public and private spaces. The study of the sonic heritage of neighborhoods or even single buildings helps us to move beyond Wilhelmine façades and the surface of courtyard living to reevaluate the relationship between urban space and community, between architectural history and policy.
Cross-fading the City
Authors: Bitter Joella
Published: April 2021

Widely discussed among scholars of cities in Africa is the need to conceive these cities as relational formations, but rarely is the sensory addressed. Scholarship on urban soundscapes has tended to emphasize aesthetic and technological practices without grappling with their aural political import. This article brings together these conversations in order to address the intersections of urban sound and politics in a small Ugandan city. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in the city of Gulu, the author examines how young Acoli men use aural, expressive social practices to sonically rework the city and their place in it. Referencing the work of ethnomusicologists, anthropologists, and critical theorists concerned with sound, the author argues that practices of “expressive sociability” elaborate a relational politics of city-making vis-à-vis their intimate exchanges that cross-fade with urban street soundscapes. This work aims to amplify the importance of ordinary aural practices to conceiving political valences of relational life in global south cities.
Tiny Taps and Noisy Hacks
Authors: Brown Kristen Rose
Published: April 2021

At the turn of the twentieth century, Dakota artist-activist Gertrude Bonnin, widely known by her self-chosen name, Zitkala Ša, brought attention to the violence of compulsory boarding schools with a series of narrative essays published in the Atlantic Monthly. Existing scholarship focusing on her activism, however, lacks a sustained study of the subversive role of sound, especially music and dance, in her literary and musical projects. This essay aims to address that gap through a study of Zitkala Ša’s sophisticated sonic politics.

After discussing the historical tension between prohibiting and appropriating Indigenous sounds, I explore how the boarding school press became a formidable engine for assimilation projects. A close reading in tandem with tracing the reception of Zitkala Ša’s essay “The Indian Dance: A Protest Against Its Abolition” highlights her reverse-gaze strategy while also underscoring how effectively it agitated strident assimilationists. Likewise, her collaboration on The Sun Dance Opera resulted in the project’s defying tidy categorization and denying full disclosure of the ceremony, thereby rendering its own sonic politics of self-determination. Often mistakenly considered a domesticity-centered hiatus in her literary career, Zitkala Ša’s years on the Uintah-Ouray Reservation were a period of creative sonic productivity and constitute a significant era in Zitkala Ša’s developing activism, bridging her younger, serial publication years with the sophistication of the federal-level vocal activism of her later years.
Comparative analysis of management of acute cholecystitis during the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic
Authors: Matías-García Belén , Sánchez-Gollarte Ana , Quiroga-Valcárcel Ana , Mendoza-Moreno Fernando , Mínguez-García Javier , Vera-Mansilla Cristina , Díez-Alonso Manuel , Lasa-Unzué Inmaculada , Gutiérrez-Calvo Alberto
Published: April 2021

Introduction: COVID-19 infection has spread throughout the world and is considered a pandemic. Since its appearance, the number of non-COVID-19 patients admitted to hospitals has decreased and patients differ care for emergency diseases. We analyze the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic on the management of acute cholecystitis. Material and methods: Retrospective observational study that includes all patients diagnosed with acute cholecystitis during the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic (period between March 11th and June 21st, 2020) and patients diagnosed with acute cholecystitis in the same period, the previous year in our center. Patient’s features, management, postoperative complications and mean hospital stay were compared. Results: In 2020, 19 patients with acute cholecystitis were diagnosed compared to 21 who were registered in the same period in 2019. The mean number of days from symptoms onset in 2020 was 2.42±1.8 days, while in 2019 it was 3.5±3.1 days (p=0.32). The percentage of cholecystectomies, percutaneous cholecystostomies and conservative management was similar in both periods. Among patients who underwent cholecystectomy in 2020, 37.5% had no complications, 62.5% had accidental opening of the gallbladder, and none had bleeding. Among patients who underwent cholecystectomy in 2019, 81.8% had no complications, 9.09% had accidental opening of the gallbladder, and 9.09% presented bleeding. The mean stay in 2020 was 4.21±3.2 days, compared to 8.57±7.4 days in 2019 (p=0.005). Two patients of 19 diagnosed with acute cholecystitis in 2020 had COVID-19 disease. Conclusion: The mean stay of the patients was shorter in 2020 period. These results can be explained by an early surgical management. So, early laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be considered as a treatment for acute cholecystitis in COVID-19 times if the clinical and hospital situation allows it. We found no differences in the number of patients diagnosed with acute cholecystitis between the two periods, nor in the mean number of days from the onset of symptoms.
Blood Leukocytes in Young and Aged Rats After Whole Body Cryostimulation (–120°C)
Authors:   Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Lomako Victoria , Pirozhenko Liudmyla ,   Municipal Nonprofi t Organization ‘Lyubotyn Town Hospital’ of Lyubotyn Town Council of Kharkiv Region, Lyubotyn
Published: April 2021

The whole body cryostimulation (WBC) (–120°C) induces significant changes in blood leukocyte parameters in young and aged rats (total leukocyte number (leukocytosis or leukopenia); quantitative and qualitative correlation of their types, and shift direction in leukocyte formula); appearance of immature, plasm and polychromatophilic cells, cytoplasm plasmatization in some leukocytes, and changes in the integral leukocyte indices. The direction and severity of these changes depend on animals age (6–7 or 18–20 months old), number of the WBC sessions (1, 2 or 3), terms of observation (day and week) and mainly indicates physiological alterations in a body, that may be associated with the strain of involved functional systems and stress. In aged rats only, 24 hrs after the 2nd WBC session the lymphocyte percentage corresponded to a lower control value, thus indicating the training response formation at this stage. The integral leukocyte indices of aged rats underwent considerably smaller changes if compared with the young ones, especially in 24 hrs and a week after the WBC; the Garkavi adaptation index increased only in aged rats and just 24 hrs after the 3rd WBC session.
Risk Factors for Maltreatment in Siblings of Abused Children
Authors: Kisely Steve , Strathearn Lane , Najman Jake M.
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVES:

To examine the association between child maltreatment (abuse and neglect) in one sibling and that in another as well as associated risk factors.

METHODS:

The participants were 520 sibling pairs enrolled in a population-based birth cohort study in Brisbane, Australia (N = 1040). Exposure to suspected child maltreatment was measured by linkage with state child protection agency data. Self-reports of childhood sexual abuse were also collected at the 21-year follow-up.

RESULTS:

There were notifications in both children for 8.5% of the sibling pairs (n = 44). A notification in the first sibling was associated with a 60-fold increase in the likelihood of a notification in the second sibling (95% confidence interval: 29.3–125.1), resulting in nearly three-quarters being the subject of a report. In terms of the subtypes, neglect revealed the strongest association, followed by sexual abuse. At the 21-year follow-up, 58% of second siblings reported sexual abuse when the first sibling disclosed similar experiences. On adjusted analyses, maternal age of <20 years was the strongest and most consistent predictor of abuse, with indigenous status, maternal depression, parental relationship, and familial poverty playing a lesser role.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our results highlight the close association between child abuse in one sibling and maltreatment in a second sibling as well as possible risk factors. Greater awareness of these factors may inform interventions, particularly primary and secondary prevention.
Werneria spathulata, nuevo registro para la flora del Ecuador, y redescubrimiento de Xenophyllum acerosum
Authors: Sklenar Petr , Romoleroux Katya
Published: April 2021

Se presenta un nuevo reporte de Werneria (Asteraceae) para Ecuador, es W. spathulata, una pequeña hierba rizomatosa encontrada en los páramos del volcán Antisana. Además, se documenta el redescubrimiento de Xenophyllum acerosum en el Ecuador después de su primera colección hace 73 años en la provincia de Azuay. Se proveen fotografías del hábito de las dos especies, así como del hábitat donde fueron halladas.
Primer registro del género Cryptocarya (Lauraceae) para Colombia
Authors: Vargas William
Published: April 2021

Se presenta el primer registro del género Cryptocarya (Lauraceae) para Colombia. Se incluyen anotaciones sobre distribución y hábitats de la especie, estado de conservación, ecología y propagación.
Az elsősegélynyújtási attitűd változása a COVID–19-járvány idején
Authors: Betlehem József , Bánfai-Csonka Henrietta , Musch János , Deutsch Krisztina , Sánta Emese , Bánfai Bálint
Published: April 2021

Összefoglaló. Az új típusú koronavírus (SARS-CoV-2 ) okozta járvány
hirtelen megnövekedett betegszámai és halálozásai komoly kihívás elé állították
az egészségügyi ellátás minden színterét. A magas időfaktorú kórképek
ellátásában a laikusok által végzett elsősegélynyújtás alapvető fontosságú a
beteg túlélése és maradandó egészségkárosodásának elkerülése szempontjából. Az
áttekintés célja rávilágítani arra, hogy a SARS-CoV-2 okozta járvány idején az
első észlelők által megkezdett azonnali beavatkozások késlekedése mögött az
elsősegélynyújtói attitűd változása feltételezhető. A társadalmilag fontos
elsősegélynyújtás fenntartása érdekében az Európai Újraélesztési Tanács is
módosította az elsősegélyre, az alapvető, eszköz nélküli újraélesztésre
vonatkozó irányelveit, továbbá ajánlásokat fogalmazott meg a járvány idején a
biztonságos elsősegélynyújtás oktatásával kapcsolatban. A hazai adaptáció
érdekében a jelen áttekintés összefoglalja a legfontosabb eljárásrendi
szempontokat, kiegészítéseket, és kitér azok gyakorlati alkalmazhatóságára is.
Az eljárásrendek változásának legfőbb célja, hogy a segítségnyújtói szándékot a
koronavírus-járvány előtti motiváltsági szintre lehessen visszahozni és azt
tovább fokozni szakszerű oktatási anyagok és korszerű módszerek révén. Orv
Hetil. 2021; 162(15): 571–578.

Summary. The sudden increase in the number of patients and deaths
from this novel type of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic poses a serious
challenge to all arenas of health care delivery system. The care of high-time
dependent-factor illnesses is essential for the survival of a patient and the
need for avoiding impairment of health. The purpose of the review is to
highlight that a change in first-aid attitudes can be assumed behind the delay
in immediate interventions initiated by first responders during the SARS-CoV-2
pandemic. To maintain socially important first aid, the European Resuscitation
Council amended its guidelines on first aid, basic life support and made further
recommendations at the time of pandemic on first-aid education, too. For
effective domestic adaptation, the present overview summarises the most
important aspects of guidelines and their supplements and also covers their
practical implementations. The main purpose of the change in guidelines is to
bring the willingness of the first responders back to the level before the
coronavirus pandemic, and to further enhance it with professional educational
materials and modern methods. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(15): 571–578.
Lehetőségek és buktatók a SARS-CoV-2-antigén és az ellene termelt antitestek kimutatásában
Authors: Medgyaszai Melinda , Péterfi Zalán , Valkó Anna
Published: April 2021

Összefoglaló. A koronavírus-betegség 2019 (COVID–19)-pandémia komoly
kihívás elé állította nemcsak a mikrobiológiai laboratóriumokat, hanem az
eredmények interpretálásában a klinikumban dolgozó kollégákat is. Az
orvostudomány specializált világában az immunológiai és a fertőző betegségekkel
kapcsolatos ismeretek az antimikrobás terápiás megoldások sikeressége, valamint
a széles körű vakcináció miatt az idők folyamán számos szakterületen háttérbe
szorultak, felfrissítésük sürgető és elengedhetetlen része a pandémiával való
megküzdésnek. A diagnosztikai vizsgálatok fontos eszközei a járvány
megfékezésének, illetve a betegek ellátásának, azonban a vírus és az emberi
szervezet interakciójának megértése elengedhetetlenül szükséges a korrekt
epidemiológiai és gyógyászati véleményalkotáshoz. Jelen cikkünk az orvosi
gyakorlat számára foglalja össze a súlyos akut légzőszervi szindrómát okozó
koronavírus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) kimutatására, valamint az immunrendszer specifikus
immunválaszának szerológiai vizsgálatára irányuló, gyakorlatban használatos
módszereket, azok helyét, szerepét és értékelésük szempontjait a tudomány jelen
állása szerint. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(15): 563–570.

Summary. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic posed a
serious challenge not only for microbiology laboratories, but also for the
clinicians in interpretation of the results. In the specialized world of
medicine, knowledge of immunological and infectious diseases has been relegated
to the background in many disciplines over time due to the success of
antimicrobial therapies and widespread vaccination, so updating them is an
urgent and essential part of the fight against the pandemic. Diagnostic tests
are important tools for controlling the epidemic and caring for patients, but
understanding the interaction between the virus and the human body is essential
to form a correct epidemiological and medical opinion. This paper summarizes the
medical methods for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the serological testing of the specific immune
response of the immune system, their place, role and criteria of their
evaluation according to current scientific knowledge. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(15):
563–570.
Relationship of Religion and Culture
Authors: Darma Surya Hadi , Kahmad Dadang , Muhammad Afif , Wibisono Yusuf
Published: April 2021

This research focuses on issues of religious, cultural and political conflicts and the integration of Ulama and Umara in Purwakarta which intersect with the political dimensions ahead of the Regional Head Election. The specific focus is on the evaluation of religion over culture and turns into a strategic issue played by interest groups. This research is a type of field research research using a qualitative dialectical phenomenological approach as the method. The collection of data and information was carried out by means of observation techniques. The findings of this study include the first, the religious and cultural relations in Purwakarta due to the perspective of the FPI, KUI and FUI mass organizations in assessing that the preservation of Sundanese culture in Purwakarta is contrary to Islamic teachings. second, the form of conflict between Ulama and Umara begins with the case of "the flute and the Koran, the making of puppet figures, the Hideung Bodas (Black and White) Festival of the Tumpeng Parade, the Bebegig Parade, to the confrontation of Sampurasun vs campurracun, and is closely related to political issues. and religious doctrine and understanding of Sundanese culture. But then it is processed into a religious issue and utilized by interest groups.Third, efforts to integrate ulama and Umara are carried out by holding a Cultural and Religious Workshop, establishing communication and compromising on the conflicts that occur.
FACTORES ASOCIADOS AL COMPROMISO ACADÉMICO EN UNIVERSITARIOS DE CARRERAS VIRTUALES
Authors: Torres-Escobar Germán Andrés , Botero Laura
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo busca revisar el concepto de compromiso académico en estudiantes universitarios de programas virtuales, los principales factores psicosociales asociados al mismo, así como de los instrumentos de medición que se han desarrollado para medirlo, tanto en programas de educación presencial como virtuales y a distancia. Inicialmente se recopilaron varios artículos de compromiso académico en el ámbito universitario, en bases de datos en español, inglés y portugués. Posteriormente se hizo un análisis comparativo de estos mediante resúmenes analíticos especializados. A partir de esta revisión se encontró que se han desarrollado varios estudios para medir el compromiso académico en educación básica y superior presenciales, pero hay pocos estudios en programas virtuales; de igual manera, se pudo establecer que los instrumentos existentes en su mayoría se centran en algunos factores psicosociales que explican el compromiso académico en ciertos cursos o a nivel de la carrera en general, pero no consideran la influencia de la familia ni de la institución educativa en el compromiso académico del estudiante. Se hace necesario abordar el compromiso académico de manera más holística y diseñar instrumentos que permitan medirlo contemplando múltiples variables.
PRESENCIA DE PHUBBING EN ESTUDIANTES DEL NIVEL SUPERIOR
Authors: Hernández-Gracia Tirso Javier , Duana Ávila Danaé , Hernández-Gracia José Francisco , Torres-Flórez Dagoberto
Published: April 2021

En el marco de la llamada cuarta revolución industrial, el internet y las TIC (Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación), se vuelven imprescindibles. Es decir, cada vez más la automatización de procesos y manejo de información por medio de dispositivos electrónicos se hace presente con mayor frecuencia, lo que implica contar con trabajadores mejor preparados para poder ser competitivos en sus empresas. En el caso de las instituciones educativas, los maestros y alumnos deben estar a tono con la evolución tecnológica y desarrollar competencias y habilidades que garanticen el proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue describir los distintos usos del celular por estudiantes universitarios, en un día de clases de una institución educativa tecnológica del centro de México. Los principales resultados obtenidos muestran que entre un 50% y 75% de los alumnos encuestados utilizan el teléfono celular en clase sin consentimiento del maestro, es decir, para atender asuntos personales.
COMPETENCIAS TRANSVERSALES EN INGENIERÍAS
Authors: Torres-Barreto Martha Liliana , Álvarez-Melgarejo Mileidy , Plata-Gómez Karen Rocío
Published: April 2021

La investigación sobre gamificación reviste una tendencia creciente en la última década, con aplicaciones de principios y elementos propios del juego en ambientes no lúdicos para motivar el aprendizaje a diferentes niveles educativos, desde básica primaria, hasta entornos empresariales. Dado el potencial de estas estrategias para realizar cambios estructurales dentro y fuera del aula, esta investigación aplica los principios de gamificación propuestos por Noran (2016), para el diseño y prototipado de una herramienta gamificada, que apoye transversalmente los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en una facultad de ingeniería.  Para ello se trabajó con 121 estudiantes y 166 egresados que participaron en la priorizaron de competencias relevantes para ingenieros. Los resultados señalan tres capacidades prioritarias para este ejercicio: 1) adquirir nuevo conocimiento y usarlo eficazmente, 2) identificar y resolver problemas de ingeniería, y 3) trabajar en equipo. Además, se diseñó la herramienta con tres lúdicas gamificadas que buscan reforzar las competencias transversales priorizadas.
Lethal and semi-lethal mutations in Holstein calves in Uruguay
Authors: Briano-Rodriguez Carolina , Romero Agustín , Llambí Silvia , Sica Andrea Branda , Rodriguez María Teresa Federici , Giannitti Federico , Caffarena Rubén Dario , Schild Carlos Omar , Casaux María Laura , Quintela Fernando Dutra
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Genetic disorders in Holstein cattle are a health problem that has grown worldwide in recent years, compromising the sustainability of modern dairy production. In Uruguay, Holstein-based milk production is one of the most important sectors of the country’s economy, but high levels of inbreeding have decreased the breed’s fertility in recent decades. This study investigated the presence and diffusion of lethal and semi-lethal alleles causing embryo death, abortions, fetal malformations, and neonatal diseases in Holstein calves. Using the GeneSeek® Genomic Profiler™ Bovine 50K BeadChip, we genotyped 383 calves (1-30 days-old) from 27 farms located in the main dairy region of Uruguay. Results showed a high prevalence of farms (85%) and carrier calves (21%), including one or more of the following semi-lethal or lethal alleles: Syndactylism (4.18%), brachyspina (3.39%), cholesterol deficiency haplotype (2.61%), complex vertebral malformation (2.09%), bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (1.04%s), and Holstein haplotypes HH1 (4.44%), HH3 (3.13%), HH4 (1.04%), and HH5 (0.26%). Most of these alleles had not been recognized previously in Uruguay. We concluded that lethal and semi-lethal mutations are widespread in the Holstein breed in Uruguay. More studies are required to determine their impact on dairy cattle fertility.
Abdominal aortic aneurysms ruptured to the vena cava: a case series and literature review
Authors: Oliveira Carolina de , Schmid Bruno Pagnin , Molinari Giovani José Dal Poggetto , Guillaumon Ana Terezinha
Published: April 2021

Abstract Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (RAAA) evolving aortocaval fistula (AF) can have catastrophic hemodynamic effects. Surgical repair is imperative, but the optimal technical approach is still under debate. Our objective is to present 3 cases treated with endovascular repair (EVAR) at a University Hospital. Case #1, a 71-year-old man presenting a 7.1cm RAAA with AF, repaired with a monoiliac stent graft and femoral-femoral bypass; Case #2, a 76-year-old man presenting a 9.9cm RAAA with AF, repaired with a bifurcated stent graft; Case #3, a 67-year-old man with previous history of EVAR, presenting a type 3 endoleak with late rupture related to AF, repaired with a tubular stent graft. All cases unfolded with delayed recovery and significant complication rates, although AF symptoms had resolved by hospital discharge. EVAR techniques for AF may require secondary interventions but are feasible, despite the lack of consensus, considering the rarity of this RAAA presentation.
Tactical rule and pitch size change the physical and technical performance of young soccer players during small-sided games
Authors: Sousa Neto Segundo José Francisco de Sousa Neto , Vieira Jefferson Pitz , Ventura Arthur Pereira , Wan-zuit João Vitor , Pereira Guilherme Souza , Sanches Pedro Henrique Cangiani , Teixeira Anderson Santiago , Silva Juliano Fernandes da
Published: April 2021

Abstract The present study examined the effects of small-sided and conditioned games (SSCGs) manipulating tactical rules (ball-possession [BP] vs goal-scoring with goalkeepers [GS]) and pitch size (square [SP] vs rectangular [RP]) on the running performance and technical skills of young soccer players. Ten male soccer players (chronological age: 12.45 ± 0.51 years; body mass: 41.99 ± 7.97 kg; height: 152.85 ± 10.03 cm) were monitored using GPS units during SSCG formats. The distance covered at different running intensities and number of technical actions were used in analyses. SSCG-induced changes in 30 m sprint and CMJ performances were also evaluated. Compared to BP, GS elicited significantly lower distances covered at low intensity running (p=0.003; d=-0.95), more sprints (p=0.050; d=0.67), and longer distances covered in terms of walking (p=0.035; d=2.60) and sprinting (p=0.029; d=0.75); (ii) number of passes (short [p=0.002; d=1.10] and long [p=0.013; d=0.82]) were more frequent during BP than GS games, while RP game format allowed for greater occurrence of long passes (p=0.036; d=0.64) than under the SP condition; (iii) jumping and sprinting performance did not change (p>0.05) using different SSCG formats. In conclusion, GS games demand more sprint running episodes in terms of number and distance covered than BP games. In addition, RP game formats can be used to increase the occurrence of longer passes in young soccer players aged 11-13 years.
Effect of visual condition and physical activity on the plantar pressure distribution in adult and older women
Authors: Sousa Hadassa Costa , Vieira Martina Estevam Brom , Moreira Mariana Ferreira , Orcino Juliane Leite , Ribeiro Darlan Martins , Bueno Guilherme Augusto Santos , Lemos Thiago Vilela , Formiga Cibelle Kayene Martins Roberto , Gervásio Flávia Martins
Published: April 2021

Abstract The aging process causes changes in the physical and functional conditions, as well as in the foot structure and function. This study aimed to analyze the plantar pressure variation with respect to visual information and physical activity in adult and older women. This was a cross-sectional study that included 142 women (mean age of 67.8 years). Participants responded the anamnesis questionnaire, Mini Mental State Examination, and International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Plantar pressure was assessed using computerized baropodometry. Weight distribution was observed in semitandem positions for the right foot forward and then the left foot forward . Data analysis showed that foot type had no correlation with age (p = 0.37 right foot; p = 0.93 left foot) or level of physical activity (p = 0.28 right foot; p = 0.96 left foot). Moreover, plantar pressure variation showed no significant relationship with age (R2 = 0.2; p = 0.6). In conclusion, plantar pressure variation is not associated with the morphological foot type in women analyzed, as the visual condition did not generate plantar pressure variations when compared to its effect on the classification of plantar arches. Furthermore, level of physical activity was not associated with plantar pressure variation .
Association between obesity and sedentary behavior in adults
Authors: Gonze Bárbara de Barros , Ostolin Thatiane Lopes Valentim di Paschoale , Sperandio Evandro Fornias , Arantes Rodolfo Leite , Gagliardi Antônio Ricardo de Toledo , Romiti Marcello , Dourado Marcello
Published: April 2021

Abstract Although sedentary behavior (SB) is related to the development of metabolic diseases, there is still no consensus in literature about the association between accelerometer-based SB and obesity, especially adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors and level of daily physical activities. The aim was to evaluate the association between obesity and SB adjusted for potential confounders in adults. Data from 780 participants of the Epidemiology and Human Movement (EPIMOV) Study were analyzed. Body weight, body mass index (BMI), and fat body mass as percentage (%FBM) (bioelectrical impedance) were obtained and, then, used to stratify participants. SB was objectively measured using triaxial waist-worn accelerometers placed above the dominant hip during waking hours for at least four consecutive days (4-7 days). SB and its pattern were not significantly different between obesity groups. Although SB presented some significant correlations with obesity, the correlation and determination coefficient indicated weak association between SB and obesity (e.g., BMI and %FBM). Obesity presented little or no association with SB and its pattern after adjustment for potential confounders, especially when SB is measured through accelerometry.
Reliability in the evaluation of international and national judges in an artistic swimming routine
Authors: Ponciano Katia Regina , Fugita Meico , Silva Cláudia Borim da , Rica Roberta Luksevivius , Gomes Ana Carolina , Meira Júnior Cássio de Miranda , Bocalini Danilo Sales
Published: April 2021

Abstract Artistic swimming (AS) is a sport evaluated by fifteen judges in routine sessions. The athletes' goal is to achieve proficient motor patterns according to pre-established criteria. The present studied analyzed whether there is difference between the two groups of AS judges with different levels of experience. The group of the International Swimming Federation - FINA (IG) evaluates AS at national and international level and the non-FINA group (NG) evaluates AS only at national level. Twenty experienced judges were divided into groups, 10 IG judges and 10 NG judges. Thus, judges evaluated the item execution of three routines with five required elements. Cronbach's alpha coefficient showed high internal consistency in IG (a= 0.85 in T1 and 0.83 in T2). In NG, internal consistency was observed in T1 and low consistency in T2 (a= 0.82 in T1 and 0.39 in T2). Evaluation analysis between IG and NG was significant (p?0.0330) and reliability analysis (bias: -0.1266 95% agreement limit: -1.642 to 1.388) showed consistency and high degree of confidence in results. The findings suggest that the item execution of required elements showed high objectivity regarding judges with different levels of experience, IG and NG, regardless of categorization and time of practice. FINA has changed the number of judges and the number of items evaluated in routine sessions. It is suggested that the reduction of items has contributed in a positive way so that judges can focus more on evaluation itself.
Validation of anthropometric equations for predicting body mass and height in older women
Authors: Santos Júnior Gilberto Moreira , Geraldes Amandio Aristides Rihan , Oliveira Dante Wanderley Lima de , Pereira Piettra Moura Galvão , Albuquerque Rodrigo B de
Published: April 2021

Abstract To investigate the cross-validity of two equations widely used in national research to predict body mass and height in older Brazilians. Additionally, the importance of possible differences between observed and predicted BMI will be investigated with the help of equations. BM and HEI were measured using mechanical scales and portable stadiometers in a sample of 200 older women (66.6 ± 5.43 years) living in Maceió / AL - Brazil. To verify the validity of equations, the following variables were used: Student's t-test, constant error (CE), total error (TE) and standard error of estimation (SEE). To verify agreement between actual and predicted values, the Bland-Altman test was used. The comparison between BM and HEI values obtained through equations and those verified in measurements showed statistically significant differences (p <0.05). CE between predicted and measured values, TE of tested equations, as well as SEE for the prediction of variables: BM (1.66; 0.11 and 6.33), HEI (-0.02; 0.02 and 0.10) and BMI (1.47; 0.10 and 3.24) allowed determining relative values very close to actual ones (2.6%, 1.31% and 5.3% for BM, HEI and BMI respectively); however, values were not statistically significant. The equations analyzed should not be used in a general way for the population of older Brazilian women with characteristics similar to those analyzed in this study. Therefore, further studies should be carried out with the objective of constructing specific equations for the population of older women and hospitalized patients, especially the most fragile ones.