bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intradermal Botulinum Toxin A for Melasma: A Randomized Split‐Face Study Trial and In Vitro Study of Its Antimelanogenic Effect
Authors: Thanasarnaksorn Wilai , Supasiri Thanan , Panich Uraiwan , Thanachaiphiwat Saowalak , Salakshna Nuntida
Published: January 2025

Background: Melasma is a challenging hyperpigmentation disorder without absolute treatment.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of intradermal botulinum toxin A (BoNT‐A) on melasma and the protective effects of BoNT‐A on UVA‐induced melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells.

Patients/Methods: This study is a split‐face randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial in 12 melasma patients who received intradermal abobotulinumtoxinA injection into melasma lesions. An in vitro study was also conducted in B16F10 melanoma cells treated with different concentrations of BoNT‐A prior to exposure to UVA. Cell viability and cellular melanogenesis were determined.

Results: The adjusted MASI scores on the BoNT‐A side were significantly lower than the control at 3 months after injection, 2.8 versus 4.5 (p < 0.001), respectively. BoNT‐A injection significantly reduced the MASI score at 2 and 3 months compared with the baseline of 4.1–3.2 (22%) (p < 0.001) and 2.8 (31.7%) (p < 0.001), respectively. Melanin content and tyrosinase activity in B16F10 cells with or without UVA irradiation were significantly reduced by treatment with BoNT‐A in a dose‐dependent manner without causing cytotoxicity.

Conclusions: BoNT‐A has a potentially beneficial effect in the treatment of melasma due to its antimelanogenic effect.

Trial Registration: Clinical Trial Registry identifier: TCTR20250118001
Integrated Multiobjective Energy Management for a Smart Microgrid Incorporating Electric Vehicle Charging Stations and Demand Response Programs Under Uncertainty
Authors: Hasani Rahman , Mohammadi Mohammad , Samanfar Amin
Published: January 2025

This paper presents an innovative 24‐h scenario–based microgrid energy management system (MG‐EMS) designed to achieve cost reduction and emission reduction under conditions of uncertainty. Furthermore, a multiobjective hybrid heuristic algorithm, named hybrid multiobjective particle swarm optimization and lightning search algorithm (hMOPSO‐LSA), is introduced to tackle the MG‐EMS problem. This algorithm combines the LSA and the MOPSO algorithm. The MG under investigation comprises photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine (WT) units, a combined heat and power (CHP) system, and employs multicarrier energy storage technology, specifically, power‐to‐gas (P2G) technology and an electric vehicle (EV) parking lot (PL). Flexible loads are incorporated into the MG to enhance cost and emission reduction through participation in the demand response program (DRP). The proposed MG‐EMS model utilizes probability density functions (PDFs) for modeling uncertainties and employs the Roulette wheel (RW) method for scenario selection. The simulations, carried out in MATLAB, encompass two different sections. In the first part, the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed algorithm were validated by solving the standard DTLZ benchmark functions and comparing the optimization results with those of several other optimization algorithms. In the second part, energy management in the MG was carried out using the proposed MG‐EMS model, solved by the hMOPSO‐LSA algorithm, both without flexible loads and with their inclusion. To provide a comprehensive evaluation, the problem was solved using the proposed hMOPSO‐LSA algorithm and compared against three benchmark algorithms: multiobjective flower pollination algorithm (MOFPA), MOPSO, and multiobjective dragonfly algorithm (MODA). The optimization results demonstrate that hMOPSO‐LSA achieves higher accuracy compared to other algorithms. Furthermore, the findings indicate that the participation of flexible loads in the DRP results in a 6.43% cost reduction and an 8.21% reduction in emissions. Additionally, P2G technology proves effective in cost and emission reduction, contributing 6.87% of the required gas supply within the MG.
Trapa natans L. Extract Attenuates Inflammation and Oxidative Damage in Cisplatin‐Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats by Promoting M2 Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Matovic Vesna , Ljujic Biljana , Radojevic Ivana , Đelic Gorica , Kovacevic Marina Miletic , Zivanovic Suzana , Papic Milos , Milivojevic Nevena , Petrovic Ivica , Gazdic Jankovic Marina
Published: January 2025

Background:Trapa natans L. fruits and leaf extracts have a broad range of immunomodulatory, anti‐inflammatory, and antioxidant effects; however, their effects on cardiac protection have not been investigated.

Objective: The study aims to test the biological activity of Trapa natans L. extract (TNE) in cisplatin (CDDP)‐induced cardiotoxicity.

Methods: Wistar albino rats received a single dose of CDDP intraperitoneally and TNE ones per day for 2 weeks orally. Cardiac inflammation, necrosis, and fibrosis were determined by histological and immunohistochemical analyses. Cytokines in rat sera and cardiac tissue were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative real‐time (qRT)‐PCR. Rat macrophages cultured in the presence of TNE for 48 h were harvested for flow cytometry, while supernatants were collected for cytokine and reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurement.

Results: Application of TNE significantly attenuated CDDP induced cardiotoxicity as demonstrated by biochemical and histopathological analysis. Administration of TNE once daily for 14 days decreased level of proinflammatory (TNF‐α, IFN‐γ, and IL‐6) and prooxidative parameters (NO2, O2, and H2O2), while increased level of immunosuppressive IL‐10 and antioxidative glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and uperoxide dismutase (SOD) in the systemic circulation. TNE treatment resulted in attenuated heart inflammation and fibrosis accompanied with the reduced infiltration of macrophages and reduced expression of proinflammatory and profibrotic genes in heart tissue of CDDP‐treated animals. In vitro lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated macrophages cultured in the presence of TNE adopted immunosuppressive phenotype characterized by decreased production of proinflammatory cytokines and prooxidative mediators.

Conclusion: Our study provides the evidence that TNE ameliorates cisplatin‐induced cardiotoxicity in rats by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress via promoting M2 macrophage polarization.
Using a Photovoice Intervention to Teach Nursing Students About Living Homeless
Authors: Sullivan Jessica , Henry Sheryl , Woith Wendy
Published: January 2025

Background: Over 582,000 people live homeless in the United States daily. They have more health problems and are more likely to receive inadequate health care than people with adequate housing. They also report that nurses treat them uncivilly when they seek health care. Nurse educators teach students to care and advocate for those who are unhoused. Photovoice has been used as a strategy to teach nursing students, but we found no studies using this technique to teach about homelessness. The purpose of this study was to develop and test a photovoice intervention to teach nursing students what it is like to live with unstable living conditions.

Method: The convenience sample for this mixed methods design consisted of 88 undergraduate nursing students in a health assessment course.

Results: Scores for the intervention group improved, with a significant difference between groups in attitudes toward poverty. Students expressed a better understanding of the experience of living homeless, gained awareness of the challenges faced by those who live homeless, and stated this awareness will impact their future nursing practice. They further identified the importance of knowing what resources unhoused individuals may need to support their overall health and well‐being.

Conclusion: Photovoice is an effective method to teach students about homelessness.
Supplementary Table S1 from Molecular Differences in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinomas from Black versus White Patients
Authors: Mandal Saurabh , Teslow Emily A. , Huang Minxuan , Yu Yingying , Sridhar Swathi , Crawford Howard C. , Hockenberry Adam J. , Stoppler Melissa C. , Levin Albert M. , Huang Ling
Published: January 2025

Genomic alterations of PDAC-associated genes in our study cohort.
Perfusion image-aided treatment decision for acute ischemic stroke: validation of a clinical decision support system
Authors: Li Xiang , Wei Chao , Wu Yuefei , Gao Xiang , Sun Jie , Xu Tianqi , Chen Chushuang , Yang Qing , Parsons Mark W. , Huang Yi , Yang Jianhong , Lin Longting
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Our collaborative team has previously developed a prognostic model for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This model, known as the clinical decision support system (CDSS), aims to provide personalized assistance to clinicians in making treatment decisions and improving patient prognosis. The objective of this study was to externally validate the model using Chinese AIS patients.
Methods: All enrolled patients arrived at the hospital within 24 hours after stroke onset. The primary outcome was the likelihood of a favorable functional outcome, which was defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) < 2 at 90 days. The model's predictive performance was evaluated by assessing its discriminative power (area under the curve, AUC) and calibration power (Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, Brier score).
Results: In the validation cohort of 298 patients, the model demonstrated a moderate discriminatory ability to predict a favorable functional outcome (mRS 0-1), with an AUC of 0.805 (95% CI, 0.756-0.849). The calibration performance of the model was assessed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow chi-squared test, yielding a value of 9.211 and a p-value of 0.325 additionally, the Brier score for the prediction of a good outcome was 0.153, further supporting the model's good calibration performance.
Conclusion: The study introduces the CDSS that integrates clinical baseline data and imaging indicators of brain perfusion status. This CDSS provides clinicians with an intuitive risk assessment of different treatment strategies for AIS patients. Moreover, the CDSS highlights substantial variations in treatment outcomes among patients, suggesting that it has the potential to significantly enhance personalized treatment approaches.
A decade of AGO QS-Mamma –
Adherence to the Recommendations of The AGO Breast Committee for Diagnosis and Treatment in EBC in Routine Therapy in Germany
Authors: Jackisch Christian , Janni Wolfgang , Müller Volkmar , Sehouli Jalid , Argyriadis Athanasios , Lindenmaier Patrik , Jaeger Andreas , Predehl Sabine
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The cure for Early Breast Cancer (EBC) is increasing over the last decades due to the improvement of diagnosis and therapy. Individualization of cancer treatment in EBC requires constant optimization by implementing current guidelines. The AGO (working group gynecologic oncology) QS-Mamma initiative, a quality assurance program (QS) of the AGO Breast Committee, was introduced to provide insight in guideline adherence in real world practice in Germany. We evaluated 10 years of QS-Mamma data to identify gaps and trends implementing those guidelines.
Methods: QS-Mamma is a retrospective sample survey providing a representative overview of the treatment landscape for the treatment of breast cancer in Germany. The last six cohorts were analyzed over a period of ten years. Across all cohorts, an average of 264 centers documented a total of n=4,577 patients with EBC.
Results: Testing for BRCA mutations in triple-negative patients increased significantly. Breast conserving surgery has been standard of care since the start of data collection; choice of surgical procedure depends primarily on tumor size and nodal status according to the patient´s preference, if possible. Axillary intervention has shifted towards SLNE or targeted axillary procedures in patients with negative preoperative nodal staging.
Neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NAST) in operable EBC is established. Anthracycline administration in the adjuvant setting decreases. We noted an uptake on using platinum-containing CTx in TNBC, corresponding to AGO recommendations. Dual HER2 blockade is established in HER2 positive EBC with increased risk of relapse. Changes in guidelines are reflected in real-world data.
Conclusion: Guideline adherence in breast cancer care is high and new treatments and diagnostic options are implemented promptly. Finally, escalation and de-escalation of treatment is depending on individual tumor characteristics resulting in the individual risk of recurrence. Guidelines should be flanked by real-world evidence to ensure and survey their impact.
Usefulness of radiomics and kidney volume based on non-enhanced computed tomography in chronic kidney disease - initial report
Authors: Białek Piotr , Dobek Adam , Falenta Krzysztof , Kurnatowska Ilona , Stefańczyk Ludomir
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is classified according to the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), but kidney volume (KV) can also provide meaningful information. Very few radiomics (RDX) studies on CKD have used computed tomography (CT). This study aimed to determine whether non-enhanced computed tomography-based (NECT) RDX can be useful in evaluation of patients with CKD and to compare it with KV.
Methods: The NECT scans of 64 subjects with impaired kidney function classified based on < 60 ml/min/1,73 m2 and 60 with normal kidney function as controls were retrospectively analyzed. Kidney segmentation, volume measurements and RDX features extraction were performed. Machine learning models (RDX) were constructed to classify the kidneys as having structural markers of impaired or normal function.
Results: The median KV in the impaired kidney function group was 114.83 mL vs 159.43 mL (p < 0.001) in the control group. There was a statistically significant strong positive correlation between KV and eGFR (rs = 0.579, p < 0.001), and a strong negative correlation between KV and serum creatinine level (rs = -0.514, p < 0.001). The KV-based models achieved the best area under the curve (AUC) of 0.746, whereas the RDX-based models achieved the best AUC of 0.878.
Conclusions: RDX can be useful in identifying patients with impaired kidney function on NECT. RDX-based models perform better than KV-based models. RDX has the potential to identify patients with a higher risk of CKD based on imaging, which, as we believe, can indirectly assist in clinical decision-making.
The effect of acupoint hot compress on postpartum depressive symptoms: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wu Yan , Zhu Yuhang , Wang Fangfang , Qu Fan
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Postpartum depressive symptoms (PDS) are common in women after delivery and often progress to postpartum depression (PPD). This secondary analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of acupoint hot compress in patients with different PPD risks.
Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a multicenter randomized controlled trial involving 1085 participants. Of these, 537 received acupoint hot compress treatment, while 548 received routine postpartum care. Participants were categorized into two groups based on Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) scores measured 76.5 hours after delivery. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were compared, and logistic regression models were used to assess the association between acupoint hot compress and PDS. Subgroup analyses were used to determine the effect of acupoint hot compress on participants with different PPD risks.
Results: Among the 1085 participants, 866 were in the low-risk PPD group (EPDS score < 9), and 219 in the high-risk group (EPDS score ≥ 9). Educational level, labor induction, postpartum uterine contraction pain intensity, and sleep and appetite during pregnancy significantly impacted PDS. Acupoint hot compress significantly improved PDS after vaginal delivery, particularly in high-risk PPD patients with lower educational levels, abnormal pregnancy appetite or sleep, and serve postpartum uterine contraction pain.
Conclusion: Acupoint hot compress is an effective, non-invasive intervention with minimal side effects for improving postpartum depression symptoms.
Peritoneal Mesothelioma in a Patient with Long-Standing Crohn’s Disease - cause or coincidence?
Authors: Prata Rita , Lages Martins Pedro , Borges Verónica P. , Botelho Pedro , Figueiredo António , Ramos Jaime
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Peritoneal mesothelioma (PeM) is a rare cancer of the peritoneal lining. Unlike pleural mesothelioma, PeM is less frequently linked to asbestos exposure. Chronic serosal inflammation, as seen in Crohn’s disease (CD), has been proposed as a contributing factor in its carcinogenesis. Case Presentation: A male with a long-standing history of ileal CD presented with recurrent episodes of intestinal subocclusion. Imaging showed complex active ileal CD, new-onset ascites and peritoneal densification. Intraoperatively, a small bowel mass adherent to the sigmoid colon and millimetric nodules of the peritoneum were identified. Histology of the resected segment showed CD-related changes and multiple areas of epithelioid mesothelioma, despite no asbestos exposure. He received cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, with no signs of recurrence after 15 months. Discussion/Conclusion: We present a rare case of non-asbestos related PeM in a patient with long-standing active CD, highlighting the diagnostic challenges and possible link between chronic serosal inflammation and PeM.
Introdução: O mesotelioma peritoneal (PeM) é uma neoplasia primária rara do revestimento peritoneal. Ao contrário do mesotelioma pleural, o PeM está menos frequentemente associado à exposição a amianto. A inflamação serosa crónica, como a que se pode observar na doença de Crohn (DC), tem sido proposta como um fator que contribui para a carcinogénese do PeM. Apresentação do caso: Homem com diagnóstico de DC ileal de longa evolução apresentou-se com episódios recorrentes de suboclusão intestinal. Imagiologicamente, exibia alterações sugestivas de DC ileal complexa ativa, e ascite e densificação peritoneal de novo. No intraoperatório, foi identificada uma massa do intestino delgado aderente ao cólon sigmoide e nódulos milimétricos do peritoneu. A histologia do segmento ressecado mostrou alterações compatíveis com DC e múltiplos focos de mesotelioma epitelióide, apesar da ausência de história de exposição a amianto. Foi submetido a cirurgia citorredutora combinada com quimioterapia intraperitoneal hipertérmica, sem evidência de recidiva após 15 meses de seguimento. Discussão/Conclusão: Apresenta-se um caso raro de PeM não relacionado com exposição a amianto num doente com DC ativa de longa duração, destacando os desafios diagnósticos e a possível ligação entre a inflamação serosa crónica e o PeM.
The Politics of Representation in New Saudi Arabian Cinema
Authors: Killick Anthony
Published: January 2025

Textual analyses of Saudi Arabian films serve to deepen our understanding of the shifting boundaries of permissibility that exist between artists and the state. Where new cultural industries have been developed as part of broader national efforts toward economic diversification, Saudi auteurs such as Meshal Al-Jaser have sought to use film to facilitate society-wide discussions on contentious issues such as war, women’s rights and religion. These priorities intersect at the point where social liberalization is conducive with job market expansion and the new globally projected image of moderate Saudi nationalism. Yet the tentative exploration of boundaries plays out in much finer detail on the screen, pointing to how new freedoms give rise to new forms of representation in the cinematic treatment of Saudi history and politics. Al-Jaser’s first feature film, Naga, defers polemical commentary on the capricious bond between state and religion through its use of symbolism and multi-genre aesthetics. As a text, it highlights the cultural interplay between filmmakers and the state, as well as the repertoire of tactics that artists may use to facilitate discussion and positive social changes.
Effect of Temporal Modulation of Tactile Stimulus on Time Perception
Authors: Takahashi Rei , Takayama Yasuko , Yotsumoto Yuko
Published: January 2025

Time perception varies across different sensory modalities, with previous research indicating that visual flicker can dilate perceived duration while auditory flutter can sometimes compress it. This study aimed to explore duration perception in the relatively understudied tactile modality and compare it with the visual modality. In Experiment 1A, we investigated the effect of temporal modulation on perceived duration using 1-s tactile flutter and visual flicker stimuli, either stationary or modulated at 6.5 Hz, 12.5 Hz, or 24.5 Hz. Participants reported which of two sequentially presented stimuli appeared longer in duration. Results demonstrated that both tactile flutter and visual flicker induced significant time distortions, with higher frequencies leading to greater duration dilation. Notably, the magnitudes of time distortion were significantly correlated between the two modalities. Experiment 1B assessed the roles of sensitivity and subjective saliency in these time distortions. Contrary to previous findings, saliency did not correlate with the observed time distortions in either modality, and sensitivity did not correlate with time distortions in the visual modality. These results suggest that, while tactile duration perception exhibits similarities to visual duration perception, the lack of correlation with saliency challenges the idea that time distortion is driven by subjective saliency.
Aschistanthera phucanhensis (Melastomataceae, Sonerileae), a new species from Phu Canh Nature Reserve, Hoa Binh province, Northwest Vietnam
Authors: PHUNG VAN KHOA , LIN CHE WEI , KIEU THI DUONG , TRAN DUC BINH , NGUYEN QUANG HUY , NGUYEN KHANG SINH
Published: January 2025

A detailed description and illustrations are provided for the new species, Aschistanthera phucanhensis, from Phu Canh Nature Reserve in Hoa Binh province, Northwest Vietnam, are presented in this work. This marks the second known species within the genus. The novel species is differentiated from its related species, the type species of this genus, A. cristanthera, by several characteristics. These include the adaxial lamina surface being hirsute-hispid (vs. glabrous), with suprabasal veins (vs. basal), the hypanthium and sepals are covered with red hirsute-hispid or gland-tipped hirsute-hispid (vs. absent hairs), and the anther ventral cleft is cordate (vs. ventral cleft totally absent). According to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, A. phucanhensis is assessed to be data deficient (DD).
Two new species of Naddia Fauvel (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae) and creation of the N alexeyi species group
Authors: ZHAO QING-HAO , HU FANG-SHUO
Published: January 2025

In the present paper, we describe the Naddia alexeyi species group and define it based on the following synapomorphic characters: pronotum with sharp anterior angles; pronotal hypomeron setose; middle area of male sternite 7 with an arc-shaped cluster of setae; paramere of the aedeagus strongly reduced and divided into two parts weakly connected by a membranous area. Two new species are described within this group: N. alexeyi sp. nov. (Laos and Vietnam) and N. tangi sp. nov. (South India). Habitus and aedeagus photos are given for both species.
Characterization of Mulberry Biochar: Implications for Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Kaushik Anna , Priyadharshini P. , Palaniselvam V. , Parthiban K. T. , Manimegalai S.
Published: January 2025

Mulberry, a crop generating substantial residues, presents an opportunity for sustainable biochar production. This study examined the physicochemical properties of biochar made from mulberry residues at different temperatures (250, 300, 350, and 400 °C) during the pyrolysis process.
Systematic analysis was done on important physicochemical characteristics-bulk density, pH, electrical conductivity, moisture content, volatile matter, ash content, and water holding capacity. Every parameter that was examined showed a strong relationship with the pyrolysis temperature. Range
of moisture content was found to be from 2.28% to 7.73%, volatile matter from 32.33% to 67.24%, ash content from 2.26% to 9.46%, fixed carbon from 24.77% to 55.93% and water-holding capacity was 68.55% to 92.46%. The 400 °C pyrolysis temperature produced the highest pH and EC values (8.38
and 0.38 dS/m, respectively) and also recorded the highest bulk density (0.67 mg m−3). The resulting biochar’s physicochemical properties proved to be well-suited for improving soil quality and supporting sustainable agricultural practices. However, further studies are
necessary to improve the techniques used in the manufacture of biochar and to understand its long-term effects. Additionally, efforts should be made to raise awareness among farmers through various extension activities, such as workshops, training programs, and field demonstrations, to encourage
its widespread use in agricultural practices.
Distributed robust consensus based on prescribed-time unknown input reduced-order observers
Authors: Liu Shuliu , Guo Liuxiao , Zhang Jiancheng
Published: January 2025

This paper investigates distributed robust consensus problem based on arbitrary Prescribed-time Unknown Input Reduced-order Observers (PTUIROs). These observers, with periodic delayed output, eliminate the influence of unknown inputs and achieve state estimation within a prescribed-time frame. A robust leader–follower consensus protocol is proposed by employing the estimation states information from PTUIROs. The stability and robustness to unknown inputs are addressed through the Lyapunov function and an [Formula: see text] criterion. The proposed theoretical results are demonstrated through the presentation of numerical examples.
The effects of changes in thrombocyte indices, on-on-pump time on prognosis in open heart surgery
Authors: Hatamighoushchi Elnaz , Kaya Ayşem , Ademoğlu Evin
Published: January 2025

Extracorporeal perfusion systems utilized in open-heart surgeries with cardiopulmonary bypass can affect multiple body systems. The primary adverse effects of Extracorporeal Perfusion Systems (EPS) on the hematological system include postoperative bleeding and coagulation issues. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of on-pump time and cross-clamp duration on total platelet count (PLT) and platelet indices in open-heart surgeries performed using cardiopulmonary bypass. This evaluation is achieved by comparing PLT, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT) before and after surgery. For this study, the laboratory results of a total of 392 patients who underwent open-heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass at the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Istanbul University Cerrahpaşa Institute of Cardiology, between 2017 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The stepwise multiple linear regression model, in which postoperative PLT was the dependent variable and other parameters were independent variables, revealed that the main determinants of the significant change in postoperative PLT were the duration of device use, along with preoperative PLT and PDW. Our results indicate that on-pump time, along with preoperative PLT and PDW values, is the primary determinants of changes in PLT and PCT in open-heart surgeries with cardiopulmonary bypass. Considering the patient’s preoperative platelet count and PDW values in such surgeries may be useful in preventing postoperative adverse events.
Reutilisation of spent SCR catalyst powder in the direct reduction process
Authors: Cheng Ke , Ding Long , Zhang Zhouquan , Qian Lixin , Long Hongming , Wang Xuchao , Wu Haotian
Published: January 2025

With the widespread adoption of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitrification technology and the enforcement of ultra-low emissions regulations, the annual production of spent SCR catalyst, classified as hazardous waste, has been increasing. This study presents an innovative method of integrating spent SCR catalysts into carbon-containing pellets processed in a rotary hearth furnace. The research examines the impact of the addition of spent catalyst on the comprehensive performance and reduction characteristics of carbon-bearing pellets. The results indicate that the drop number for both green and dry pellets peaks at 5.0 wt-% spent catalyst addition. When the addition of spent catalyst reaches 7.5 wt-%, both the number of drops for dry pellets and the compressive strength reach their peaks. Additionally, the compressive strength of direct reduction iron (DRI) gradually increases from 1794 N/pre to 3476 N/pre. The metallisation and zinc removal rates of DRI are maintained at high levels, exceeding 90% and 99%, respectively. The interaction between TiO2 and FeO in the spent catalyst forms titanium–iron compounds, reducing low-melting eutectic formation. The catalyst's active sites also promote CO production, which enhances iron oxide reduction and leads to the early formation of iron grains, contributing to increased DRI compressive strength. This process not only provides an effective way to manage spent SCR catalysts but also improves pellet performance.
Urolithiasis management: An umbrella review on the efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) versus the ureteroscopic approach
Authors: Sani Anis , Beheshti Rasa , Khalichi Rozhin , Taraghikhah Maryam , Nourollahi Elaheh , Shafigh Ashkan , Pashazadeh Fariba , Ghojazadeh Morteza , Mostafaei Hadi , Salehi-Pourmehr Hanieh , Hajebrahimi Sakineh
Published: January 2025

This Umbrella Review aims to gather high-quality evidence on urolithiasis outcomes and complications, comparing extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL), ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URSL), and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS). We incorporated systematic reviews, some containing meta-analyses, into two separate reports, focusing on quantitative and qualitative results. Additionally, when data permitted, a secondary meta-analysis was conducted using final effect estimates from multiple meta-analyses. Stone-free rate (SFR) served as the primary outcome, with complications, retreatment, and hospital stay as secondary outcomes. Adhering to Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines, we initially screened 282 titles, narrowed down to 166 titles and abstracts, ultimately selecting 55 full-text articles for review. Of these, 22 met our inclusion criteria for the umbrella review. We evaluated study quality using JBI criteria, excluding five low-quality studies. Analysis showed ESWL had lower SFR compared to RIRS (RR: 0.577, 95% CI: 0.482–0.692) and URSL (RR: 0.570, 95% CI: 0.450–0.722); lower overall risk compared to ureteroscopy (RR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.51–0.66). ESWL had fewer complications than RIRS ( p < 0.001), but lower SFR than ureteroscopy. However, the need for retreatment and auxiliary procedures in RIRS and URSL were lower than that in ESWL. In contrast, individuals undergoing ureteroscopy experienced a greater frequency of complications and longer duration of operation compared to those undergoing ESWL.
EXPRESS: Signals for Success: the Intersection of Influencer Linguistic Personality, Content, and Follower Size
Authors: Myers Susan , Sen Sandipan , Syrdal Holly A. , Woodroof Parker J. , Stafford Marla Royne
Published: January 2025

Influencers are a crucial strategic component for many brands because of their significant marketing value. This research integrates parasocial and signaling theories to posit that relationship-building signals and promotion-focused signals will differentially impact engagement with sponsored posts. The study investigates the role of linguistic personality and content characteristics in driving engagement on social media platforms, with a focus on how follower size moderates these effects. Text mining techniques are used to construct a data set of 961 sponsored posts from 71 influencers. Findings reveal that linguistic agreement, characteristics of the photo (whether the influencer and/or product appear), and of the text (hashtags and emojis) significantly influence engagement. Multiple facets of this influence are moderated by follower size. Specifically, agreeable language positively impacted engagement, while picturing the product and higher hashtag use negatively impacted engagement. Further, follower size moderated the effect of the variables on engagement such that influencers with larger followings benefit more from conscientious language, fewer hashtags, and inclusion of the influencer in the post photo. Influencers with smaller audiences benefit more from extraverted, agreeable, open, and emotionally stable language strategies. These insights offer practical implications for influencers and marketers, suggesting tailored strategies to optimize content.
High-risk pregnant women's perceptions of their condition: A qualitative study with an emphasis on psychosocial need
Authors: dos Santos Celma A. B. , de Almeida Janaína C. P. , Saint Arnault Denise , Riccio Morena C. , de Oliveira Jaqueline L. , de Souza Jacqueline
Published: January 2025

This qualitative study was carried out with 30 high-risk pregnant women from a Brazilian referral service in women's health. The objective was to analyze the perception of participants regarding their condition, emphasizing their psychosocial needs, to deepen the understanding of subjective, relational, and sociocultural aspects associated with high-risk pregnancy. Data were collected through interviews and participant observation and then explored by thematic content analysis. The participants described pregnancy as planned or as unexpected and associated with greater social prestige and the need for changes, especially related to work and financial conditions. On the other hand, participants mentioned that the risk aspect of pregnancy condition was seen by their social group as something that could have been avoided. Because a high-risk pregnancy is a threat to the baby's physical integrity and life, it leads to the fear of death, which is reinforced by experiences of previous pregnancies. The psychosocial aspects elucidated in the study deal with emotional and labor factors, consistent with existing literature. Participants mentioned family members and health professionals as important support during their pregnancy, especially with regard to daily activities and health care, aimed at promoting favorable outcomes. Some participants reported a lack of support, relational difficulties, and social stigma due to mental illness or advanced age, which were related to experiences of guilt and accountability.
LGBTQ+ Adult Sexual Violence Critical Scoping Review: Insights into Victimization and Perpetration
Authors: Hindes Sophie , Ison Jessica , Fileborn Bianca
Published: January 2025

The existing research on sexual violence has primarily concentrated on instances where cisgender, heterosexual men have perpetrated sexual violence against cisgender, heterosexual women, with knowledge about LGBTQ+ people underdeveloped. However, there is a growing body of literature examining the experiences of LGBTQ+ people. No previous review has critically synthesized both quantitative and qualitative scholarly studies on adult LGBTQ+ sexual violence globally. In this scoping review, we provide a comprehensive overview of current research by examining the prevalence of victimization and perpetration of adult LGBTQ+ sexual violence. To do this, an extensive search of the Discovery database was conducted, and studies published between 1990 and September 2021 were included. The final sample comprised 108 papers focused on LGBTQ+ participants’ experiences of adult sexual violence. Across studies, LGBTQ+ people were found to experience high rates of sexual violence, most commonly perpetrated by men, with rates the highest among transgender and gender-diverse people and bisexual women. However, the body of research is limited as it largely consists of quantitative studies from the United States with differing methodological approaches for measuring sexual violence and gender and sexuality, making it difficult to draw comparisons across studies. We propose recommendations to enhance future research on LGBTQ+ sexual violence.
Wireless body area network: Architecture and security mechanism for healthcare using internet of things
Authors: Kumar Arun , Dewan Ritu , Subhi Al-Dayyeni Wisam , Bhushan Bharat , Giri Jayant , Islam Sardar MN , Elaraby Ahmed
Published: January 2025

Internet of Things (IoT) enabled wireless body area network (WBAN) is a novel technology that combines medical, wireless, and non-medical devices for healthcare management applications. Indoor healthcare institutions, such as hospitals, may employ IoT devices to manage medical equipment, maintain inventory, and monitor patients. In addition to monitoring temperature, humidity, and air quality, IoT sensors may help prevent the spread of sickness. The data generated by small sensor devices need strong security methods for secure transmission over a public network. Security of the data sent from source to destination is handled by transport layer security (TLS) protocol and prevent message loss or reordering. The most difficult component of TLS is determining how to handle reliability. Low-power wireless networks employ the Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) protocol to solve this problem. But if the Server is exposed to a malicious attack (i.e., flooded with ClientHello messages, the DTLS protocol may no longer serve the purpose) as it may lead to Denial-of-Service (DoS). The paper proposes an intelligent gateway-based verification and approval system to protect health data from IoT wearable devices, a key worldwide data security risk. Paper used Contiki Network Simulator for designing an advanced smart gateway-based constrained application Improved DTLS (CoAP I-DTLS) security protocol. To assess the effectiveness of the proposed work, the packet loss ratio is computed for the CoAP, CoAP-DTLS, and CoAP I-DTLS protocols. To assess the effectiveness of the improved CoAP I-DTLS, calculations are also made for data transfer and handshake time. Paper will also look at ways to increase security by integrating the CoAP I-DTLS protocol with the Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA-256) and utilizing Certificate Authority (CA) improvements. Evaluation parameters such as Packet loss ratio, Data transmission time, and Energy consumption average are considered and detailed simulation results have been presented.
Daron Acemoğlu's or Paul Baran's prize? A critique of the 2024 Nobel Prize in Economics
Authors: Azhar Shahram
Published: January 2025

The paper critically examines the 2024 Nobel Prize in Economics awarded to Daron Acemoğlu, Simon Johnson, and James Robinson. It argues that their work provides a mystified account of Paul Baran's seminal work on the political economy of growth, the long-run divergence between rich and poor countries, and the genocidal roots of settler colonialism.
Towards a New Taxonomy of Pattern-Making in the Visuo-Spatial Domain in Early Childhood Based on Zygonic Theory and the Sounds of Intent Framework of Musical Development
Authors: Ockelford Adam , McCarthy Sarah , Gifford Sue , Thouless Helen , Kirk Sharon , Thorpe Michael
Published: January 2025

Pattern identification is an important part of children's development in understanding both music and mathematics. However, a review of the literature indicates that no formal taxonomy of pattern-making in the visual domain exists, which potentially limits practitioners’ capacity to support children in improving their mathematical understanding. This paper seeks to redress this situation with a theoretical examination of whether visuo-spatial pattern-making in early childhood develops on the same trajectory as pattern-making in the auditory domain. The cognition of musical structure (which is based on repeating patterns) in childhood has been defined in zygonic theory and the subsequent Sounds of Intent framework. Prior observational studies of children with both neurotypical and non-typical development (i.e., Ockelford et al., 2011 ; Voyajolu, 2021 ) have confirmed this thinking. Drawing on the principles set out in zygonic theory and using the structure laid out in the Sounds of Intent framework, the researchers propose how to map the development of pattern understanding from the auditory domain onto the visuo-spatial domain. An algorithm is used to demonstrate the structural processing load for different pattern types, which allows the putative developmental stages of pattern-processing capacity to be plotted sequentially. As a future step, exploratory research with children is suggested to test these assumptions and further develop our understanding of the perception of patterns within and between the domains. It is anticipated that this work would support practitioners working with children to offer alternative strategies to support the development of pattern-making in mathematics.
Exploring the Affordances and Challenges of GenAI Feedback in L2 Writing Instruction: A Comparative Analysis With Peer Feedback
Authors: Mi (米裕丹) Yudan , Rong (荣觅) Mi , Chen (陈旭传) Xuchuan (Winnie)
Published: January 2025

Purposes

In light of the usefulness theoretical framework, this research seeks to explore the affordances and challenges of integrating a generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tool named ERNIE Bot into the writing feedback process.

Design/Approach/Method

A qualitative design was adopted for this study. Twelve students were purposively chosen as the focal participants. Data came from multiple sources. Semi-structured interviews were used as the primary source, triangulated with other data sources including writing drafts, reviews from peers, and the chatlogs with ERNIE Bot. The data were inductively and deductively analyzed.

Findings

The study highlighted the technological, educational, and social benefits of GenAI feedback, including its timeliness and personalization (technological), its roles as both an essay editor and a responsive tutor (educational), and its ability to provide a supportive environment and an engaging process (social). Three categories of challenges were revealed, namely lack of AI literacy among students, potential risk of worsening writing ability, and inability to catch emotion and to be perceptive.

Originality/Value

Enlightened by the usefulness theoretical framework, the study discovered the technological, educational, and social affordances as well as the limitations of GenAI feedback, which provides insights for the application of GenAI in L2 writing instruction.
A Case of Rafiq Syndrome (MAN1B1-CDG) in a Palestinian Child, With Brief Literature Review of 44 Cases
Authors: Iskafi Reema , AbuRahmeh Bahaa , Aljuneidi Roa’a , AlShweiki Hidaya , Abdelnabi Siraj , Abukhalaf Anas , Maraqa Bara’
Published: January 2025

Rafiq syndrome, MAN1B1-CDG, was described in 2010 and associated with genetic mutation in MAN1B1 gene in 2011. The disorder follows an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance and typically presents with specific facial dysmorphism, intellectual disability, developmental delay, obesity, and hypotonia. The syndrome belongs to a group of metabolic disorders called Congenital Glycosylation Disorders (CGD). In this study, we discuss a 5-year-old male from Palestine who presented with developmental delay, hypotonia, characteristic facial dysmorphisms, impulsive behaviors, inability to speak, cryptorchidism, and other manifestations. This constellation of manifestations raised suspicion of a genetic disorder, prompting whole exome sequencing (WES), which revealed the presence of a homozygous likely pathogenic variant in the MAN1B1 gene (c.1976T>G)(p.Phe659Cys). We also reviewed all previously documented cases and compared the clinical features among them. After reviewing the family pedigree and its suspected cases, we found that the 2 most frequent features among them are intellectual disability and facial dysmorphism, whereas the least frequent one is truncal obesity. We discussed the importance of providing genetic counseling to parents of children with this and other rare, autosomal recessive disorders to prevent new cases from appearing.
Pediatric relapsed/refractory ALK+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma treatment and outcomes in the targeted drug era
Authors: Marks Lianna J. , Ritter Victor , Agrusa Jennifer , Kamdar Kala Y. , Rivers Julie , Gardner Rebecca A , Ehrhardt Matthew J , Devine Kaitlin J. , Phillips Charles A. , Reilly Anne F , August Keith , Weinstein Joanna L. , Satwani Prakash , Forlenza Christopher Jon , Smith Christine Moore , Greer Chelsee , Afify Zeinab , Lin Carol H. , Belsky Jennifer A. , Ding Hilda , Hoogstra David , Toner Keri , Link Michael P. , Schultz Liora M. , Lowe Eric J. , Aftandilian Catherine
Published: January 2025

Treatment options for patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) have increased in the era of targeted therapies such as brentuximab vedotin (BV) and Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) inhibitors. However, there is no standard treatment and limited published data evaluating their use. The goal of this retrospective study is to describe current real-world treatment and outcomes of pediatric, adolescent, and young adult patients with R/R ALK-positive ALCL. We conducted a retrospective, multi-institutional study identifying 81 patients with R/R ALK-positive ALCL ≤ 21 years old at initial diagnosis treated between 2011-2022 across 18 institutions. Median time from diagnosis to relapse was 8.9 months (range 2.6-131.9). Initial reinduction regimens included ALK inhibitor monotherapy (n=37, 46%), BV monotherapy (n=19, 23%), chemotherapy without targeted therapy (n=12, 15%), chemotherapy with targeted therapy (n=9, 11%), or vinblastine monotherapy (n=4, 5%) with 83% of patients achieving a complete response to initial reinduction regimen. Fifty-eight patients received a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), 11 autologous and 48 allogeneic, with one receiving both. Duration of treatment for patients receiving BV or the ALK-inhibitor crizotinib (CZ) varied widely (BV 1-11 years; CZ 2-10 years). Five-year event-free survival 63% (95% CI 53-75%) and five-year overall survival 91% (95% CI 84-98%). This is the largest collection of patients with R/R ALK+ ALCL treated in the era of targeted therapy. Patients achieved excellent responses to ALK-inhibitor or BV monotherapy, but questions remain about duration of therapy and role of HSCT.