bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of the mathematical model for calculating player ratings using soft calculations
Authors: Pashin Nikolai , Minyazev Rinat , Nuriyev Marat
Published: August 2023

This research signifies an ambitious step forward in sports analytics, aiming to formulate a novel mathematical model that assesses team sports players’ performance with higher precision. It aspires to unravel a deeper understanding of player abilities, a complex task that requires advanced computational modeling and statistical analysis. The proposed model is built upon cutting-edge soft computing techniques. These techniques – fuzzy logic, neural networks, and genetic algorithms - are expertly integrated, each contributing unique elements to enhance the model’s accuracy and dependability. Fuzzy logic, with its capacity to handle ambiguity, provides nuanced evaluations, accounting for sports’ inherent uncertainties. Neural networks offer the model a capacity to learn and evolve, refining its evaluations as it processes new data. Genetic algorithms, modeled on natural evolution, optimize the model’s decision-making process, highlighting the most successful player strategies. This innovative approach could reshape player evaluations, replacing one-dimensional, static metrics with a dynamic, multi-faceted framework. Coaches, managers, and analysts will be equipped with a robust tool for decision-making and talent sourcing, ushering in a new era of sports analytics.
Holographic method of neural network design
Authors: Yakasova Natalya
Published: August 2023

The paper presents a method for solving the problem of changing a full-connected neural network of direct propagation with a sigmoid activation function in the conditions of the emergence of a new class, with the ability to preserve the network to recognize already known classes and to classify objects of a new class. Such conditions generate a new neural network, which is trained on examples of all classes, including the new class. The learning process takes a long time and requires the selection of several parameters. The emergence of a new class in natural neural networks does not cause a transformation of the network structure, only the strength of connections between neurons changes. The network shows the properties of stability and plasticity at the same time. The authors draw attention to the analogy between neural networks and holograms in their ability to store information and form an image of a class in response to an input signal. Following the holographic analogy, the paper proposes a model of the wave nature of neural networks, which treats the network weights as a hologram and the input signal as a wave passing through a hologram. The construction of a new network is created with two neural networks, which are a combination of two holograms. The first hologram represents the original network, and the second is a new network with a similar structure, but it is trained to recognize one new class. The addition of the holograms of these neural networks implements the mechanisms of plasticity and stability in the model.
Application of neural network algorithms to optimize the development of residential neighbourhoods
Authors: Salnikov Viktor , Pridvizhkin Stanislav , Prokhorov Vitalii , Tokhtuev Atrem
Published: August 2023

The paper presents proposals for the use of neural network algorithms to optimize the development of residential neighbourhoods: the corresponding model is shown, its features are discussed, the relevance and prospects for the development of the proposed approach in the planning of new residential neighbourhoods are substantiated. The proposed model allows to optimize the economic efficiency of residential neighbourhoods by varying the parameters of their design, construction, and operation, considering the characteristics of the life cycle of construction and investment projects.
Introduction of advanced information technologies in agriculture
Authors: Zolkin A.L. , Matvienko E.V. , Bityutskiy A.S. , Shamina S.V. , Dragulenko V.V.
Published: August 2023

The digital transformation of Russian agriculture is considered as one of the most promising areas for the development of domestic and global agricultural sector. The implementation of it will allow to overcome the existing global challenges arising from the growth of population and improvement of the quality of life, including: an increase in food demand (by 60% compared to 2050), increasing anthropogenic pressure on the environment (70% of water consumption and 30% of carbon dioxide emissions currently come from global agriculture), reduction of agricultural land and soil depletion. Also, the digitalization of agricultural enterprises will stabilize the situation in agricultural markets through the production and marketing of agricultural products that meet consumer preferences, formed in the process of development of a model of conscious and environmentally friendly consumption.
Development of a somatosensory controller for positioning a manipulator device for picking apples
Authors: Kutyrev Alexey , Dyshekov Artur
Published: August 2023

The aim of the study is to develop a somatosensory controller for remote control of a manipulator for picking apples using resistive sensors, a gyroscope and an accelerometer. A computer simulation of the process of picking fruits from a tree crown was carried out in the Gazebo simulator using a somatosensory controller. An environment has been created, including a model of a manipulator for picking apple fruits and a fruit tree, and the properties of the environment have been set. To conduct a comparative experiment to evaluate the results of computer simulation of the process of picking apple fruits using a self-sensor controller and a manufactured sample of a manipulator, artificial models of trees with an identical crown and the location of fruits in the crown at a distance of no more than 1,5 meters from the zero point of the manipulator were used. According to the results of the research, it was found that the average time for picking one apple fruit by a manufactured manipulator in an automated mode is 12,9 seconds, the minimum time was 9,4 seconds, the maximum 15,9 seconds. Gazebo environment using a self-touch controller was 11,7 seconds. The minimum time was 8 seconds, the maximum 14,9 seconds. The development of digital intelligent systems, telematic services will ensure the widespread use of the proposed method for monitoring and managing the group work of robotic tools in the cultivation of fruit and berry crops.
Moving forward: the future of blockchain technology in agriculture
Authors: Nazarov Anton , Yuzvovich Larisa , Lvova Maya
Published: August 2023

This article examines the application of blockchain technology in agriculture, a promising approach to enhance efficiency and transparency. By reviewing existing literature, conducting a study, and analyzing findings, we aim to demonstrate the effectiveness of blockchain in agriculture. Our discussion offers a comprehensive understanding of how blockchain technology can revolutionize agricultural practices and supply chains, providing a robust system for tracking and verifying transactions, improving efficiency, and fostering trust among stakeholders.
The use of information technology in ecology across different countries
Authors: Kondratenko Iliya , Kuvaeva Yulia , Chudinovskikh Marina
Published: August 2023

This article explores the role of Information Technology (IT) in the field of ecology across different countries. We review literature, conduct a comparative study, and analyze the impact and advantages of using IT in ecological research and conservation practices. The comprehensive examination presented here aims to highlight the unique ways in which IT is being used to address ecological challenges, improve data collection, and enhance biodiversity conservation. From remote sensing techniques to the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in predicting ecological patterns, this study provides a global perspective on the intersection of technology and ecology. By shedding light on these applications and their implications, we contribute to the global discourse on sustainable ecological practices.
Homöopathie bei Heimtieren – Herausforderungen und
Erfolge: Drei Fallberichte
Authors: von Kriegsheim Ada
Published: August 2023

Haben Sie auch Meerschweinchen und Kaninchen in Ihrer Praxis und fragen sich, ob
Heimtiere homöopathisch behandelt werden können? Neben den
grundsätzlichen Möglichkeiten der homöopathischen
Therapie bei Heimtieren werden anhand von drei Fallberichten die besonderen
Herausforderungen und Erfolge dieser Behandlungsweise dargestellt. Geriatrie und
die Häufigkeit der homöopathischen Arzneimittelgabe sind Thema
in der Diskussion.
Phytotherapeutische und regulationsmedizinische Behandlung von
Verdauungsproblemen bei Meerschweinchen und Kaninchen – von den Pferden
lernen
Authors: Rudat Rüdiger
Published: August 2023

Die wenigsten Pferde-Tierärzte werden sich intensiv mit den Nagetieren
und Hasenartigen beschäftigen, wie auch nur wenige Heimtierspezialisten
zudem die Einhufer im Blick haben. Dabei gibt es hinsichtlich des
Verdauungstraktes viele Gemeinsamkeiten. So kann man sich Behandlungsstrategien
bei Pferden in angepasster Form auch in der Therapie von kleinen Heimtieren
zunutze machen.
Postoperative Intravenous Iron Supplementation Increases Hemoglobin Level in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Nam Hee Seung , Ho Jade Pei Yuik , Park Seung Yun , Cho Joon Hee , Kim Yong Beom , Lee Yong Seuk
Published: August 2023

Iron supplementation provides iron storage and facilitates effective production of hemoglobin. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of early postoperative intravenous (IV) iron supplementation in different types of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery. We retrospectively analyzed 863 patients who underwent TKA between September 2017 and September 2021. The IV iron (I) and non-IV iron (NI) groups were compared. Hemoglobin responders, defined as patients who showed a change in hemoglobin level of ≥2 g/dL at 6 weeks of surgery compared to the baseline immediate postoperative hemoglobin level, were identified and they were compared with the nonresponders. After logistic regression analysis, the patients were classified according to the type of surgery (unilateral TKA, staged bilateral TKA, and simultaneous bilateral TKA). A subgroup analysis was performed according to the comorbidity as Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). The type of surgery and the rate of hemoglobin responders differed between the I and NI groups. The surgery type and iron supplementation significantly affected the hemoglobin responder in the logistic regression model. In each surgery type, hemoglobin drop in the I group was generally lower in the second and sixth weeks than that in the NI group. It was also effective in reducing hemoglobin drop on the first day of the second surgery in staged bilateral TKA. In addition, the number of hospital days was lower in the IV iron supplementation group who underwent a staged bilateral TKA. CCI did not affect hemoglobin responder, hemoglobin drop, and transfusion rate in both the I and NI groups. Postoperative IV iron supplementation affected the outcome of hemoglobin responders. In addition, it reduced early postoperative hemoglobin drop. However, iron supplementation did not affect the transfusion rate, complications, and clinical outcome, regardless of the type of surgery.

Level of evidence Level III, case-control study.
Enteric Access: GI Perspective
Authors: Zakharia Kais
Published: August 2023

Enteric access is the main method to obtain nutrition in patients with normally functioning gastrointestinal tract who are otherwise unable to feed orally. Enteric access can be obtained through the nose, mouth, or skin by a nurse, general practitioner, endoscopist, interventional radiologist, or a surgeon. In this article, we review the different types of feeding tubes, indications, contraindications, and potential complications.
Financial time series prediction under Covid-19 pandemic crisis with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network
Authors: Mroua Mourad , Lamine Ahlem
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we design and apply the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network approach to predict several financial classes’ time series under COVID-19 pandemic crisis period. We use the S&P GSCI commodity indices and their sub-indices and consider the stock market indices for different regions. Based on the daily prices, the results show that the proposed LSTM network can form a robust prediction model to determine the optimal diversification strategies. Our prediction model achieved RMSEs and MAEs too small for the different selected financial assets, showing the predictive power of our LSTM network especially during the COVID-19 health crisis. In addition, our LSTM network outperforms ARIMA-type models for all selected assets.
Recent progress in the application of in situ atomic force microscopy for metal anode processes in energy storage batteries
Authors: Wang Jiao , Liu Rui-Zhi , Shen Zhen-Zhen , Tian Jian-Xin , Wen Rui
Published: August 2023

Metal anodes are considered promising candidates for next-generation rechargeable batteries owing to their high theoretical specific capacities. However, practical applications are limited by safety concerns and poor electrochemical performance caused by unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and uncontrolled metal deposition at the metal anode/electrolyte interface. An in-depth understanding of the interfacial reactions is of vital significance for the development of metal anode-based batteries. In situ electrochemical atomic force microscopy (EC-AFM) enabling high spatial resolution imaging and multifunctional detection is widely used to monitor electrode/electrolyte interfaces in working batteries. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the application of in situ EC-AFM for metal anode processes, including SEI formation and the deposition/dissolution processes of metallic lithium, magnesium, and zinc in metal anode-based batteries, which are conducive to the optimization of metal anodes in energy storage batteries.
Resonance simulation of the coupled nonlinear Mathieu’s equation
Authors: El-Dib Yusry O. , Alrowaily Albandari W. , Tiofack C. G. L. , El-Tantawy S. A.
Published: August 2023

Numerous theoretical physics and chemistry problems can be modeled using Mathieu’s equations (MEs). They are crucial to the theory of potential energy in quantum systems, which is equivalent to the Schrödinger equation. According to the mentioned applications, thus, the current study investigates the stability behavior of the nonlinear-coupled MEs. The analysis of the coupled harmonic resonance cases imposes two coupled solvability conditions, which leads to coupled parametric nonlinear Landau equations. In addition, a super-harmonic nonlinear resonance combination is presented. Solutions and stability criteria are discussed for each case. It is shown that resonance produces an unstable system. The transition curves are derived. Numerical calculations show the excitation of the frequency on the periodic solutions.
Multiscale global and local self-attention-based network for remaining useful life prediction
Authors: Zhang Zhizheng , Song Wen , Li Qiqiang , Gao Hui
Published: August 2023

Remaining useful life (RUL) prediction plays an important role in prognostics and health management (PHM) and can significantly enhance equipment reliability and safety in various engineering applications. Accurate RUL prediction enables proactive maintenance planning, helping prevent potential hazards and economic losses caused by equipment failures. Recently, while deep learning-based methods have swept the RUL prediction field, most existing methods still have difficulties in simultaneously extracting multiscale global and local degradation feature information from raw multi-sensor monitoring data. To address these issues, we propose a novel multiscale global and local self-attention-based network (MGLSN) for RUL prediction. MGLSN consists of global and local feature extraction subnetworks based on self-attention, which work in parallel to simultaneously extract the global and local degradation features of equipment and can adaptively focus on more important parts. While the global network captures long-term dependencies between time steps, the local network focuses on modeling local temporal dynamics. The design of parallel feature extraction can avoid the mutual influence of information from global and local aspects. Moreover, MGLSN adopts a multiscale feature extraction design (multiscale self-attention and convolution) to capture the global and local degradation patterns at different scales, which can be combined to better reflect the degradation trend. Experiments on the widely used Commercial Modular Aero-Propulsion System Simulation (CMAPSS), New CMAPSS (N-CMAPSS), and International Conference on Prognostics and Health Management 2008 challenge datasets provided by NASA show that MGLSN significantly outperforms state-of-the-art RUL prediction methods and has great application prospects in the field of PHM.
Numerical analysis of magnetohydrodynamics in an Eyring–Powell hybrid nanofluid flow on wall jet heat and mass transfer
Authors: Yaseen Moh , Rawat Sawan Kumar , Khan Umair , Sarris Ioannis E , Khan Humera , Negi Anup Singh , Khan Arshad , Sherif El-Sayed M , Hassan Ahmed M , Zaib Aurang
Published: August 2023

The customization of hybrid nanofluids to achieve a particular and controlled growth rate of thermal transport is done to meet the needs of applications in heating and cooling systems, aerospace and automotive industries, etc. Due to the extensive applications, the aim of the current paper is to derive a numerical solution to a wall jet flow problem through a stretching surface. To study the flow problem, authors have considered a non-Newtonian Eyring–Powell hybrid nanofluid with water and CoFe2O4and TiO2nanoparticles. Furthermore, the impact of a magnetic field and irregular heat sink/source are studied. To comply with the applications of the wall jet flow, the authors have presented the numerical solution for two cases; with and without a magnetic field. The numerical solution is derived with a similarity transformation and MATLAB-based bvp4c solver. The value of skin friction for wall jet flow at the surface decreases by more than 50% when the magnetic fieldMA=0.2is present. The stream function value is higher for the wall jet flow without the magnetic field. The temperature of the flow rises with the dominant strength of the heat source parameters. The results of this investigation will be beneficial to various applications that utilize the applications of a wall jet, such as in car defrosters, spray paint drying for vehicles or houses, cooling structures for the CPU of high-processor laptops, sluice gate flows, and cooling jets over turbo-machinery components, etc.
Miniature soft jumping robots made by additive manufacturing
Authors: Tsai Samuel , Wang Qiong , Wang Yuzhe , King William P , Tawfick Sameh
Published: August 2023

Fleets of insect-scale robots could navigate space-constrained environments for future applications in agriculture and maintenance. Long distance jumping expands the mobility of small robots. However, the performance of miniature jumpers is hindered by small-scale manufacturing processes and the limited library of design rules, materials, and actuators available at that scale. The intricate components in these robots are produced by manual assembly of miniature components, which imposes design constraints and causes mass inefficiency, reducing the overall system performance. Here, we combine bioinspired kinematic design, coiled artificial muscle actuators, and projection additive manufacturing (AM) to produce a monolithic elastomeric robot design. The fully elastomeric design, inspired by the kinematics of the locust jumping mechanism, can store elastic energy throughout the robot body before releasing it in the form of jumping kinetic energy, thus offering high energy storage density, miniaturization, and lightweight. Enabled by high-speed, production-grade AM, we designed and tested a fleet of 108 robot designs. The smallest tested robot has a length of 7.5 mm, a mass of 0.216 g, and jumps 60 times its body size in horizontal distance. A reduced-order model is developed to predict the compliant robot jumping distance, which agrees well with the experimental results. The jumping is driven by onboard coiled artificial muscles connected to a latch-triggering mechanism. Moreover, the robot can jump while carrying an integrated control system and power source to enable self-triggered jumping. A proof-of-concept motor-driven launch base is used to store large elastic energy in the robot. Overall, the combination of elastomeric AM, coiled artificial muscles, and an integrated triggering mechanism enables the production of fleets of high-performing miniature jumping robots.
Coupled dynamic and piezoelectric response of RPEHs embedded in road under traffic load via multiscale finite element models
Authors: Wang Peng , Pan Jiayao , Wang Jun , Shi Li , Wu Jianfeng
Published: August 2023

Road Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Systems (RPEHs) effectively collect and convert mechanical energy from road surface into electrical energy for intelligent traffic guidance and monitoring. To accurately evaluate the energy harvesting efficiency of RPEHs under traffic loads and road conditions, a multiscale finite element model of traffic load-road-RPEHs is developed. The model encompasses a encapsulated stacked piezoelectric transducer embedded in an large-scale road model. This approach addresses the limitations of previous studies that neglected the effect of RPEHs structure on the dynamic and piezoelectric response. The large-scale model provides the dynamic response of RPEHs for an independent small-scale model of the stacked piezoelectric transducer to enable coupled dynamic and piezoelectric behavior. Furthermore, a piezoelectric output theory considering the loss impedance is formulated. Combining this theory with the open-circuit voltage obtained from the multiscale models, we determine the output voltage and power of RPEHs under various conditions, such as vehicle speeds, axle weights, burial depths. The results demonstrate that the loss impedance undergoes significant changes under different conditions, exerting a substantial impact on the output of RPEHs, which should be considered during analysis. RPEHs positioned closer to the road surface produce higher output but also exhibit increased stress concentration. The pavement modulus is inversely proportional to the piezoelectric output, while the subgrade modulus has a comparatively smaller impact due to the stiffness of RPEHs.
Multi-state, three-way, normally open mini valve based on 3D printed flexible magnets using origami-inspired magnetization
Authors: Han Pengfei , Lu Fang , Gong Guofang , Yang Huayong , Han Dong
Published: August 2023

Electromagnetic mini valves for controlling pneumatic soft actuators are attracting widespread interest in recent years. However, it is known that the traditional electromagnetic valves on the millimeter scale generally have three or fewer working states, and their moving parts are usually permanent magnets with a special shape that needs expensive manufacturing. To overcome these problems, this study aims to develop a mini valve with four working states based on flexible magnets at a low fabrication cost. We take full advantage of low-cost 3D-printed magnets’ physical and magnetic properties and improve their performance through origami-inspired magnetization. A fixed-beam-structure flexible magnet is proposed to control this valve via deformation so that valve’s two sides can be driven independently, resulting in four working states. Compared with conventional sintered magnets, 3D printing magnets can be manufactured quickly and affordably. Due to the proposed valves’ more operating states than the state-of-art three-way ones, they are proven to reduce the number of small control elements in the pneumatic system. The maximum flow rate of the valve at 5 kPa air pressure was 0.81 l min−1 at the power consumption of 20 W. This mini valve has the potential in controlling multi-degree-of-freedom pneumatic soft actuators.
Research on rheological properties and phenomenological theory-based constitutive model of magnetorheological shear thickening fluids
Authors: Zhao Qian , Wang Kan , Yuan Jing , Jiang Huiming
Published: August 2023

This paper investigates the rheological properties of magnetorheological shear thickening fluid (MRSTF) and proposes a phenomenological theory-based constitutive model. Multiple samples with varying mass fractions and particle sizes were prepared. Then, the rheological properties were experimentally studied, including the effects of silicon particle size and concentration, carbonyl iron powder concentration and magnetic field on rheological properties. Next, the sedimentation stability experiment was also carried out by the static observation method. Finally, based on phenomenological theory, a constitutive model called the M-S model was derived through geometric transformation of shear stress curves. The results show that there is an inhibitory relationship between magnetorheological and shear thickening effect, and the correlation between composition and rheological properties was established, which can provide guidance for preparation of MRSTF with required properties. It also shows that the MRSTF under specific preparation scheme could effectively avoid sedimentation, and its performance is clearly superior to traditional materials in terms of sedimentation resistance and damping adjustment. The accuracy and universality of the proposed model are fully verified by fitting shear stress curves and calculating the goodness of fit values. All these investigations can offer an effective guidance for further study of MRSTF in controllable damping equipment development.
Pressure driven structural phase transitions and modulations in optical properties of lanthanum nitride: an account from on the fly molecular dynamics and SCF vis-à-vis non-SCF first-principle calculations
Authors: Banik Rati Ray , Ghosh Swarup , Chowdhury Joydeep
Published: August 2023

The paper is focused to explore the pressure induced structural phase transitions and modulations of optical properties of lanthanum nitride (LaN) for the first time with the aid of first-principle density functional theory and Born–Oppenheimer on the fly molecular dynamics calculations. Crystal structures, Gibbs free energies and phonon dispersion spectra of the compound in its various phases under ambient and external pressures have been critically investigated. The key phonon modes responsible for these pressure driven transitions have also been unveiled. Electronic band structures and associated optoelectronic properties of the systems have been studied in detail from both the self-consistent field and non-self-consistent field calculations. The early signature of topological insulator for the high pressure phase of LaN has been addressed from the electronic band structure calculations. We believe that this study will not only help for futuristic designs of improved functionalized systems with LaN compound but also can augment their applications such as pressure sensors, pressure conducting switches, dissipationless transistors and in optoelectronic devices.
Multiscale heat transport with inertia and thermal vortices
Authors: Sýkora Martin , Pavelka Michal , Restuccia Liliana , Jou David
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we present a Hamiltonian and thermodynamic theory of heat transport on various levels of description. Transport of heat is formulated within kinetic theory of polarized phonons, kinetic theory of unpolarized phonons, hydrodynamics of polarized phonons, and hydrodynamics of unpolarized phonons. These various levels of description are linked by Poisson reductions, where no linearizations are made. Consequently, we obtain a new phonon hydrodynamics that contains convective terms dependent on vorticity of the heat flux, which are missing in the standard theories of phonon hydrodynamics. Within the zero-order Chapman-Enskog reduction, the resulting hydrodynamic equations are hyperbolic and Galilean invariant, while the first Chapman-Enskog expansion gives additional viscous-like terms. The vorticity-dependent terms violate the alignment of the heat flux with the temperature gradient even in the stationary state, which is expressed by a Fourier-Crocco equation. Those terms also cause that temperature plays in heat transport a similar role as pressure in aerodynamics, which is illustrated on numerical simulations of flow past a cylinder. In particular, we show that the vorticity-dependent terms lead to a colder spot just behind the cylinder, and for high-enough Reynolds numbers they lead to the von Kármán vortex street.
Dynamical analysis of a new 5D hyperchaotic system
Authors: Li Junhong , Cui Ning
Published: August 2023

This paper reports a new five-dimensional (5D) autonomous hyperchaotic system that is obtained by introducing two linear controllers to the Rabinovich system. The dynamical behaviors, including the boundedness, dissipativity and invariance, existence and stability of nonzero equilibrium points are studied and analyzed. The existences of the hyperchaotic and chaotic attractors are numerically verified through analyzing phase trajectories, Lyapunov exponent spectrum, bifurcations and Poincaré maps. The results indicate that the new 5D Rabinovich system can exhibit rich and complex dynamical behaviors. Finally, the existence of Hopf bifurcation, the stability and expression of the Hopf bifurcation are investigated by using the normal form theory and symbolic computations. Some cases are employed to test and verify the theoretical results.
Efficiency-loss analysis of monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells by identifying the patterns of a dual two-diode model’s current-voltage curves
Authors: Zeng Yuheng , Ding Zetao , Liu Zunke , Liu Wei , Liao Mingdun , Yang Xi , Ying Zhiqin , Sun Jingsong , Sheng Jiang , Yan Baojie , He Haiyan , Shou Chunhui , Yang Zhenhai , Ye Jichun
Published: August 2023

In this work, we developed a simple and direct circuit model with a dual two-diode model that can be solved by a SPICE numerical simulation to comprehensively describe the monolithic perovskite/crystalline silicon (PVS/c-Si) tandem solar cells. We are able to reveal the effects of different efficiency-loss mechanisms based on the illuminated current density-voltage (J-V), semi-log dark J-V, and local ideality factor (m-V) curves. The effects of the individual efficiency-loss mechanism on the tandem cell’s efficiency are discussed, including the exp(V/V
T) and exp(V/2V
T) recombination, the whole cell’s and subcell’s shunts, and the Ohmic-contact or Schottky-contact of the intermediate junction. We can also fit a practical J-V curve and find a specific group of parameters by the trial-and-error method. Although the fitted parameters are not a unique solution, they are valuable clues for identifying the efficiency loss with the aid of the cell’s structure and experimental processes. This method can also serve as an open platform for analyzing other tandem solar cells by substituting the corresponding circuit models. In summary, we developed a simple and effective methodology to diagnose the efficiency-loss source of a monolithic PVS/c-Si tandem cell, which is helpful to researchers who wish to adopt the proper approaches to improve their solar cells.
The influence of green manure crops on the growth, development, yield and fruits quality of eggplant
Authors: Martirosyan G S , Sarikyan K M , Adjemyan G J , Hakobyan A H , Pahlevanyan A M
Published: August 2023

The effectiveness of the use of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), peas (Pisum sativum L.) and soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) belonging to the Fabaceae family was studied to identify the possibilities of use them as green manure to increase soil fertility and eggplant yield. The option without green manuring was accepted as a control. Experiments were conducted in 2021-2022. As a result of green manuring, available nitrogen content in the soil (N) increased by 20.8- 76.8%, phosphorus (P2O5) – by 58.6-89.6%, and potassium (K2O) – by 5.9-6.4%. The best result was observed in case of using soybean as siderat crop, where the volume weight of the soil decreased by 0.189g/sm3. The utilization of green manure crops had a positive effect on eggplant yield, surpassing the control in the case of soybeans by 24.3%, in beans option - by 18.2%, and in case of peas - by 14.5%. The results of the study conducted confirm that the application of the recommended green manure plants under the conditions of the Ararat valley of the Republic of Armenia has a positive effect on the growth and development of eggplant, as well as on yield and fruit quality indicators.
Modeling process of salt fringe formation during fertigation
Authors: Alekseev V V , Chuchkalov S I , Philippov V P , Vasiliev S A , Krasnov V K
Published: August 2023

The introduction of mineral substances into the soil through fertigation ensures the localization of the nutrients necessary for the plant in the area of the root system. However, under certain conditions, this method leads to soil salinization. When the soil dries out, salts are predominantly concentrated at the boundary between dry and wet soil, forming a salt fringe. The article describes the results of experiments and a software tool designed to simulate the process of redistribution of salts during soil drying. The results of calculations for soils of central Russia are presented, taking into account the main hydrophysical characteristics of the soil and the function of hydraulic conductivity under various initial conditions in the form of moisture gradients depending on the depth of the soil, the intensity and duration of irrigation, and the concentration of nutrients. It is shown that by selecting the appropriate initial conditions and irrigation regimes, it is possible to significantly reduce the intensity of the formation of salt fringes.
Development of an environmentally safe non-mechanized technology of the polluted forest areas reclamation
Authors: Grafova Elena , Syunev Vladimir
Published: August 2023

The inaccessibility of forest areas dictates the need to optimize the ways of their reclamation in case of pollution. The northern regions are highly vulnerable. To determine the degree of pollution, a variant of mapping the site with the determination of the degree of pollution was considered. Water sampling in the contaminated zone indicates intensive processes of decomposition organically exceeding the MPC. The penetration depth of contaminants is up to 95 cm. With prolonged exposure to organo-fat contaminants covering surfaces, death of vegetation and forest stands is noted. With distance from the source of pollution, the projective cover of some types of vegetation increases. 2 variants of reclamation are considered: mechanized and two-stage treatment directly at the site of pollution, carried out using additional aeration. Accelerated decomposition of contaminants up to 9 days at a dose of 15 g/l was confirmed. The results of the treatment is an increase in the pH of the medium from acidic to neutral. The height of the layer of organic surface contamination is reduced by 88% in 9 days when the mixture is aerated. The second stage is also confirmed by a decrease in the nitrogen concentration by 1.5–2 times, while the transparency of the solution increases by 2–2.5 times. The peculiarity of the revealed method of reclamation is a two-stage biodegradation, implemented directly in the natural environment without the use of machines and mechanisms. According to the results of a technical and economic comparison of the costs of the two reclamation options, the use of the new technology turned out to be 9 times cheaper, and the time costs are reduced by 2 times and can be 14 days, which is acceptable for the northern territories.
Functional zoning of urban areas (on the example of the city of Grozny)
Authors: Zaburaeva Kh Sh , Sh Ortsukhaeva Z , Zaburaev Ch Sh , Sedieva M B , Alibasov M L
Published: August 2023

The article substantiates the role of functional zoning of urbanized territories as a tool for analyzing the anthropogenic impact on natural landscapes, assessing the availability of socio-economic infrastructure, geo-environmental safety and rational use of natural and historical and cultural heritage sites. The conceptual and terminological base of research in domestic and foreign literature is disclosed. The features of the development of the territory of the city of Grozny over the past 30 years have been studied and cartographically visualized using the method of interpretation of space images. Correlations of various functional zones within the city territory are revealed. Recommendations have been developed for optimizing their correlation from geoecological positions for a more sustainable (balanced) development of the urban geosystem, improving the medical and environmental situation, creating comfortable conditions for the life and activities of citizens.
Hydrological characteristics of the Cheboksary and Kuibyshev reservoirs within the Cheboksary section of the Chuvash Republic
Authors: Ilyina A A , Nikonorova I V , Ilyin V N , Nikitina E A
Published: August 2023

The hydrodynamic zones of Cheboksary and Kuibyshev reservoirs are considered in the article. The results of the hydrological indicators of the field trip to the key sites of both reservoirs are presented, the degree of eutrophication of the Cheboksary and Kuibyshev reservoirs in the Cheboksary section of the Cheboksary district of the Chuvash Republic is studied.
Zoning of urban agglomeration based on the results of monitoring observations
Authors: Kustysheva I N , Gaevaya E V , Petuhova V S
Published: August 2023

In the article, the authors propose to carry out zoning of the urban agglomeration based on the results of monitoring observations from emissions from industrial enterprises located within the city boundaries. According to the adopted approach, the urban agglomeration is the main system that ensures the existence of the human community. It includes the air basin, land resources, water bodies, mineral resources, climate, landscapes, flora and fauna, and a number of other components. In the study, the authors propose to use the data of monitoring observations of atmospheric air to determine the territories subject to the greatest pollution. For this, areas of air pollution from industrial enterprises were calculated and built, and the zoning of the territory was carried out. The ecological characteristics of the city of Tyumen and the location of industrial enterprises as a factor of impact on the environment have been studied. A comparative analysis of the impact of pollutants emitted by enterprises on the residential area of the city is carried out and the areas of residential development that are most susceptible to chemical pollution are determined. Proposals have been developed to create comfortable environmental conditions for the population living in the territory located near industrial enterprises.
Germination and phytosanitary state of flax and wheat seeds after electron beam irradiation
Authors: Bliznyuk U A , Yu Borschegovskaya P , Chernyaev A P , Chulikova N S , Ipatova V S , Malyuga A A , Zubritskaya Ya V
Published: August 2023

Radiation technologies are widely used in agriculture to accelerate the sprouting of plants, increase crop yields, improve product quality, and destroy pathogenic microflora. This article assesses the effect of treatment with accelerated electrons in various doses on the germination of wheat and flax seeds, as well as on their phytosanitary state. It was established that the most efficient dose for flax variety Severny is 10 Gy, since this dose not only showed the most considerable increase in the germination rate by 38% but also decreased the number of fungi in seeds by 15 % and reduced the average diameter of the remaining colonies by 30% or more. For spring wheat variety Novosibirskaya 29, however, the doses which would be able to significantly reduce the number and the diameter of colonies without causing the inhibition of seed germination were not found.
Phytotoxicity and antioxidant activity of actinomycetes in soil ecosystems
Authors: Grigoryan L N , Bataeva Y V , Shaheen M , Novichenko O V , Fedotova A V , Yakovleva L V
Published: August 2023

The phytotoxicity, antioxidant activity and optical density of the actinomycetes strains Streptomyces carpaticus RCAM04697, Nocardiopsis umidischolae RCAM04882, Nocardiopsis umidischolae RCAM04883. The strains were isolated from the soil ecosystems of the arid zone and deposited in the Departmental Collection of Useful Microorganisms for Agricultural Purposes of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution All-Russian Research Institute of Agriculture (Pushkin). The phylogenetic position of the strains was determined based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing. These strains have pronounced insectoacaricidal, fungicidal and antiviral properties. The phytotoxicity of the suspensions and strain extracts were investigated at two concentrations: 0.5 mg/ml и 1.0 mg/ml. A spectrophotometric study was carried out in order to identify groups of dominant substances of metabolites of the studied strains. The analysis was carried out at wavelengths from 330 to 1000 nm, with a step of 10 nm. As a result of spectrophotometric analysis of all studied samples, the indicators of optical density (A) and light transmission (T) were analyzed. It was found that all versions of suspensions and extracts of the three strains are non-toxic, and the concentration 0.5 mg/ml proved to be more effective than concentration 1 mg/ml, which exhibits inhibitory properties. Suspension (88.8 %) and aqueous-alcoholic extract (76.0 %) of S. carpaticus RCAM04697 strain showed the highest antioxidant activity. In all the studied samples, a high antioxidant activity was revealed relative to the control. Spectrophotometric analysis of the studied samples made it possible to identify substances with the appropriate wavelengths that can be attributed to polyene antibiotics.
Structure of coal-bearing sections of swampy coastal-marine lowlands of the Kama coal basin in the territory of the Tatarstan
Authors: Korolev E A , Eskin A A , Korolev A E , Barieva E R , Khokhlova I V
Published: August 2023

The paper considers sections of the Visean coal-bearing formation of the Kama coal basin on the territory of the western slope of the South Tara arch. The sections are composed of coals, mudstones, siltstones, and sandstones, which were formed under continental conditions at the beginning of the Visean. The rocks of the coal-bearing formation were formed within the coastal shallow-marine plain with a lacustrine-marsh type of sedimentation. The formation of coals occurred during the formation of isolated swampy lakes on the surface of the floodplain lowlands. The source of organic matter was tree-like and herbaceous vegetation that develops in waterlogged lake water bodies in a hot, wet humid climate. According to the degree of coalification, coals belong to brown coals, their composition is dominated by a black, structureless, amorphous mass of coalified plant matter (fusen). As impurities, there are large fragments of plant remains belonging to the groups of intertinites and macerals. The coals are enriched in mineral, ash components, represented by kaolinite and finely dispersed quartz grains. Ash content will not exceed 20%.
Theoretical and experimental justification of tool parameters for soil moisture accumulation
Authors: Myalo V V , Myalo O V , Demchuk E V
Published: August 2023

The presented study is devoted to the rationale for the development of tools for the accumulation of moisture in the soil. Based on experimental studies, the paper presented the relationship between the quality of mail processing and the design and technological features of the tool, which makes it possible to ensure the accumulation of moisture in the soil. In the study, the authors developed an appropriate tool, presented its rationale and possibilities for use. At the end of the study, conclusions were drawn.
Impedance-based Identification of Strand Looseness in Multi-strand Anchorage under Temperature Effects
Authors: Dang Ngoc-Loi , Phan Ngoc-Tuong-Vy , Ngo Trung-Chanh , Truong My-Pham
Published: August 2023

In this study, strand looseness in a multi-strand anchorage is identified using measured impedance features of the PZT (Lead zirconate titanate) interface array under temperature effects. Firstly, a PZT-interface method for impedance monitoring in prestressed structures is briefly described. Secondly, a finite element model of multi-strand anchorage equipped with a PZT array is established to analyze the effects of prestress loss and temperature changes in impedance features. Thirdly, variations in simulated impedance signals are quantified using statistical damage metrics for damage detection in the analyzed structure. Last, a test on real-scale multi-strand anchorage is conducted to measure impedance signatures of the PZT interface under temperature fluctuation and prestress loss. The measured signals are then quantified using damage metrics for prestress looseness monitoring. The result reveals that environmental changes cause significant changes in PZT interfaces’ impedance features and affect strand looseness monitoring results.
Analytical study on flexural behavior of steel composite girder using truss element for shear connectors with different types and layouts
Authors: Rin Tran Van , Hai Nguyen Minh , Nam Phan Hoang
Published: August 2023

The key to improve the accuracy of behavior analysis of the steel composite girder lies in the reasonable modelling the intergration between the reinforced concrete slab and the steel girder. Based on design requirements and construction methods, the type and layout of the shear connectors between the concrete slab and the steel girder are different, significantly affecting the behavior of the composite girder. This study is conducted to (i) investigate the applicability of a truss element available in the popular simulation software Abaqus in modelling the shear connectors of composite girders, (ii) compare the flexural behavior of composite girders with different types and layouts of shear connectors. Two types of shear connectors considered in the study are headed studs and perfobond strips, and their layout corresponds to the construction methods using the cast-in-place and precast concrete slabs. The study results show that a truss element can be used to simulate the shear connector behavior through reasonable assignment of its shear force-slip relationship. With the design principle that the total shear capacity of the shear connector per unit length remains constant, the nonlinear behavior of the composite girder is significantly affected by the type and layout of the shear connectors.