bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A prática da responsabilidade socioambiental: estudo em uma empresa de biocombustíveis
Authors: Silva Pablo Christian de Moro , Muniz Fabiana Miranda , Ferreira Mayara Gabriela Lourenço , Fonseca Letícia Rodrigues da , Lahmann Daiane Fernandes Pereira
Published: February 2022

Os atuais problemas socioambientais conquistaram um espaço de grande relevância entre os assuntos discutidos em nossa sociedade por serem causados em sua maior parte pela intervenção humana e por ameaçarem o equilíbrio ecológico do planeta e a existência de diversas formas de vida. Logo, hábitos e práticas de consumo sustentáveis poderão ocasionar a diminuição da quantidade de bens adquiridos e de resíduos gerados pós-consumo, contribuindo para a preservação ambiental. Nesse sentido, o biodiesel se apresenta como uma alternativa sustentável aos combustíveis fósseis por ser considerado um combustível biodegradável, derivado de fontes renováveis como óleos vegetais puros ou já utilizados e de gordura animal. Assim, considerando a importância destas organizações que produzem biodiesel para a sustentabilidade no âmbito ambiental e social, este estudo buscou descrever como uma organização que produz biocombustíveis coloca em prática a responsabilidade socioambiental nas comunidades onde atua. Para isso, realizou-se uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso na qual se entrevistou o Gestor (sócio administrador) de uma pequena empresa que produz biocombustíveis estabelecida em um município localizado na região Sul de Minas Gerais. Utilizou-se como método de coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada e para análise, o método de categorização de dados. Ao final, constatou-se práticas significativas como a implantação de um processo produtivo que prioriza os princípios da ecoeficiência, o trabalho junto ao poder público para o estabelecimento de medidas voltadas para o descarte consciente do óleo vegetal e animal na região e ações para a sensibilização das comunidades. Percebeu-se ainda, ao analisar os relatos do Gestor entrevistado, que esta organização privilegia o paradigma integrador da sustentabilidade que busca o crescimento econômico sem causar grandes impactos ao meio ambiente.
Estudo da avaliação de impacto ambiental como instrumento analítico nas práticas de perícia judicial ambiental
Authors: Farias Cátia Araujo , Oliveira Celso Maran de
Published: February 2022

O presente estudo objetiva o emprego de metodologia de análise dos impactos ambientais em cenário de práticas de uso e manejo do rio Paraibuna, onde se localizam dois aproveitamentos hidrelétricos denominados Pequenas Centrais Hidrelétrica (PCH) Monte Serrat e Bonfante e uma área licenciada para extração de areia do leito do referido rio. O estudo auxiliou as investigações forenses sobre os impactos ambientais ocasionados pelos aproveitamentos hidrelétricos, após 12 anos de construção e operação, sobre a poligonal de extração de areia. Para tanto,  utilizou-se da literatura especializada e levantamento de dados em campo, a partir das vistorias que percorreram o entorno das áreas das PCH e a poligonal licenciada de extração de areia, coletando subsídios para melhor tecer as observações qualificadas dos impactos ambientais incidentes. Para a caracterização do diagnóstico ambiental utilizou-se de métodos e ferramentas de análise em AIA, adotando-se o denominado “checklist”, ou da listagem de controle associado ao “ad hoc”, que consistiu na identificação dos principais impactos ambientais que incidem sobre o trecho estudado. A análise e a classificação dos impactos ambientais integrados listados foram seguidas de uma valoração qualitativa e interpretativa desses impactos. Observou-se que, o emprego da AIA do estudo dos impactos ambientais representa um instrumento técnico de análise eficiente e eficaz no levantamento das evidências de impacto ambiental causado pelas atividades das PCH Monte Serrat e Bonfante no recurso hídrico, quanto à diminuição de carreamento de sedimentos a jusante desses que impactaram as atividades econômicas da Empresa estudada.
Molecular docking and pharmacokinetic evaluation of natural compounds as targeted inhibitors against Crz1 protein in Rhizoctonia solani
Authors: Malik Arshi
Published: February 2022

The first author in ”Molecular docking and pharmacokinetic evaluation of natural compounds as targeted inhibitors against Crz1 protein in Rhizoctonia solani by Malik et al. (2019) [1] should be Arshi Malik
Cambios producidos por la digitalización en el perfil competencial del profesional del marketing en el mercado industrial español
Authors: García Martín Jorge , Echegaray Lázaro
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Los cambios producidos en la empresa por la digitalización generan profundas modificaciones en su estructura, a las que no escapa ni el marketing ni la comunicación. Como consecuencia, estos departamentos se ven obligados a eliminar numerosas habilidades del perfil exigido a los profesionales e introducir otras nuevas a la vez, para adaptar su “know-how” a los nuevos retos producidos por la digitalización. Así, el objetivo de este estudio será averiguar el impacto de las habilidades digitales sobre el perfil competencial del graduado en marketing en el mercado industrial español, analizando las ofertas de empleo publicadas en los principales portales.

 Metodología: Se emplea una metodología mixta, cuantitativa-cualitativa, con tres fases: a) análisis de la literatura existente como aproximación al objeto de estudio; b) uso del “deskresearch” para seleccionar y analizar todas las ofertas del mercado industrial publicadas por los principales portales de empleo en España; c) análisis de contenido para categorizar y etiquetar el conjunto de datos recogidos.

Resultados: “Habilidades técnicas”: Predominancia de las competencias digitales, entre las que destacan las redes sociales. “Metahabilidades”: Las habilidades propias de la digitalización ceden el relevo a las inherentes a la comunicación. “Fundamentos del marketing”: Las nuevas competencias digitales comparten protagonismo con otras más tradicionales como ventas o plan de marketing.

Limitaciones e implicaciones: Escasa literatura existente sobre el perfil competencial demandado en el mercado.
Some Aspects of Distancing
Authors: Skordev Dimiter
Published: February 2022

For any metric space, two binary relations are considered: the one consisting of all ordered pairs of a positive real number and a natural number such that some finite subset of the space has cardinality equal to the second number and the distance between any two distinct elements of this subset is not less than the first number, and another defined similarly, but with “greater” instead of “not less”. If the space is totally bounded, then a partial function from natural numbers to positive reals and two functions in the inverse direction can be reasonably defined by using the relations in question. The study of these functions has been initiated by other authors, and it is continued in the paper.
Numerical Study of Hydrodynamic Interaction between a Row of Spheroids in a Steady Stream of Viscous Fluid
Authors: Kotsev Tsvetan
Published: February 2022

This paper presents a numerical simulation of the flow past three equal or different spheroids arranged in line placed in a stream of viscous fluid with uniform velocity parallel to the centre line. The hydrodynamic interaction was studied for Reynolds numbers from 1 to 200, axis ratio 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 and different distances between them. The downstream and middle spheroid face reduced drag compared to a single one and at some values of Re and distances it takes negative values. The assemblage of touching spheroids has lower drag than a single one at some flow parameters.
Chemical Characterization of Essential Oil of Local Endemic Lamium Bilgilii Celep (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Semiz Gurkan , Celep Ferhat
Published: February 2022

In this study, the chemical constitution of the essential oil of Lamium bilgilii Celep, a local endemic species of Turkey, was studied by GC-MS for the first time. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation method and forty-three compounds were successfully identified representing 98.2% of the oil. Bicyclogermacrene (14.22%) and linalyl acetate (8.33%) and linalool (7.86%) were the most abundant components of the essential oil. L. bilgilii essential oil was rich in sesquiterpenes (35.8%) and oxygenated monoterpenes (26.6%). The results showed that bicyclogermacrene was found, for the first time, as a most abundant component in the Lamium oils.
Conceptual Framework of a Human-Machine Collective Intelligence Environment for Decision Support
Authors: Smirnov Alexander , Ponomarev Andrew , Levashova Tatiana , Shilov Nikolay
Published: February 2022

The paper extends collective intelligence understanding to the problem-solving abilities of heterogeneous groups, consisting of human participants and software services. It describes a conceptual framework of a new computational environment, supporting such heterogeneous teams, working on decision support problems. In particular, the paper discusses the most acute problems, related to such heterogeneous collective intelligence – interoperability and self-organization. To address interoperability issues, the environment re- lies on multi-aspect ontologies and smart space-based interaction. To provide the necessary degree of self-organization, a guided self-organization approach is proposed. The proposed human-machine collective intelligence environment can improve decision-making in many complex areas, requiring collective effort and dynamic adaptation to the changing situation.
GC-MS-Based Metabolite Profiling of Wild and In Vitro Growing Plants of Satureja Montana L.
Authors: Vrancheva Radka , Dincheva Ivayla , Aneva Ina , Georgiev Vasil , Pavlov Atanas
Published: February 2022

Satureja montana L. is used as a traditional culinary spice in the Balkan Peninsula cuisine, as well as in the folk and traditional medicine for treatment of different diseases. The supply of secondary metabolites from naturally growing plants has many restrictions, such as biomass availability and variations in the chemical composition, which is most strongly affected by seasonal and environmental- mental factors. These disadvantages could be overcome by cultivating plants in optimized and controlled in vitro conditions. The purpose of the current study was to compare the phytochemical compositions of newly developed in vitro plants and intact plants of S. montana used for production of secondary metabolites. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of a number of primary (carbohydrates, amino acids, organic acids and lipids) and secondary metabolites (phenolic acids) with pharmacological and biological activities beneficial to humans. The results revealed that in vitro S. montana plants are a poten- tial biotechnological matrix for the production of valuable biologically active substances for the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
Treacherous Play
Authors: Carter Marcus
Published: February 2022

The ethics and experience of “treacherous play”: an exploration of three games that allow deception and betrayal—EVE Online, DayZ, and Survivor.

Deception and betrayal in gameplay are generally considered off-limits, designed out of most multiplayer games. There are a few games, however, in which deception and betrayal are allowed, and even encouraged. In Treacherous Play, Marcus Carter explores the ethics and experience of playing such games, offering detailed explorations of three games in which this kind of “dark play” is both lawful and advantageous: EVE Online, DayZ, and the television series Survivor. Examining aspects of games that are often hidden, ignored, or designed away, Carter shows the appeal of playing treacherously.

Carter looks at EVE Online's notorious scammers and spies, drawing on his own extensive studies of them, and describes how treacherous play makes EVE successful. Making a distinction between treacherous play and griefing or trolling, he examines the experiences of DayZ players to show how negative experiences can be positive in games, and a core part of their appeal. And he explains how in Survivor's tribal council votes, a player's acts of betrayal can exact a cost. Then, considering these games in terms of their design, he discusses how to design for treacherous play.

Carter's account challenges the common assumptions that treacherous play is unethical, antisocial, and engaged in by bad people. He doesn't claim that more games should feature treachery, but that examining this kind of play sheds new light on what play can be.
Mg2+-dependent conformational equilibria in CorA and an integrated view on transport regulation
Authors: Johansen Nicolai Tidemand , Bonaccorsi Marta , Bengtsen Tone , Larsen Andreas Haahr , Tidemand Frederik Grønbæk , Pedersen Martin Cramer , Huda Pie , Berndtsson Jens , Darwish Tamim , Yepuri Nageshewar Rao , Martel Anne , Pomorski Thomas Günther , Bertarello Andrea , Sansom Mark , Rapp Mikaela , Crehuet Ramon , Schubeis Tobias , Lindorff-Larsen Kresten , Pintacuda Guido , Arleth Lise
Published: February 2022

The CorA family of proteins regulates the homeostasis of divalent metal ions in many bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotic mitochondria, making it an important target in the investigation of the mechanisms of transport and its functional regulation. Although numerous structures of open and closed channels are now available for the CorA family, the mechanism of the transport regulation remains elusive. Here, we investigated the conformational distribution and associated dynamic behaviour of the pentameric Mg2+ channel CorA at room temperature using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) in combination with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). We find that neither the Mg2+-bound closed structure nor the Mg2+-free open forms are sufficient to explain the average conformation of CorA. Our data support the presence of conformational equilibria between multiple states, and we further find a variation in the behaviour of the backbone dynamics with and without Mg2+. We propose that CorA must be in a dynamic equilibrium between different non-conducting states, both symmetric and asymmetric, regardless of bound Mg2+ but that conducting states become more populated in Mg2+-free conditions. These properties are regulated by backbone dynamics and are key to understanding the functional regulation of CorA.
Reversing chemorefraction in colorectal cancer cells by controlling mucin secretion
Authors: Cantero-Recasens Gerard , Alonso-Marañón Josune , Lobo-Jarne Teresa , Garrido Marta , Iglesias Mar , Espinosa Lluis , Malhotra Vivek
Published: February 2022

Fifteen percent of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells exhibit a mucin hypersecretory phenotype, which is suggested to provide resistance to immune surveillance and chemotherapy. We now formally show that CRC cells build a barrier to chemotherapeutics by increasing mucins’ secretion. We show that low levels of KChIP3, a negative regulator of mucin secretion (Cantero-Recasens et al., 2018), is a risk factor for CRC patients’ relapse in a subset of untreated tumours. Our results also reveal that cells depleted of KChIP3 are four times more resistant (measured as cell viability and DNA damage) to chemotherapeutics 5-fluorouracil + irinotecan (5-FU+iri.) compared to control cells, whereas KChIP3-overexpressing cells are 10 times more sensitive to killing by chemotherapeutics. A similar increase in tumour cell death is observed upon chemical inhibition of mucin secretion by the sodium/calcium exchanger (NCX) blockers (Mitrovic et al., 2013). Finally, sensitivity of CRC patient-derived organoids to 5-FU+iri. increases 40-fold upon mucin secretion inhibition. Reducing mucin secretion thus provides a means to control chemoresistance of mucinous CRC cells and other mucinous tumours.
Cross-sectional study of chromosomal aberrations and immunologic factors in Iraqi couples with recurrent pregnancy loss
Authors: Khamees Doaa A. , Al-Ouqaili Mushtak T. S.
Published: February 2022

Background

Parental chromosomal aberrations are important causes of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Some immunological factors such as antiphospholipid antibodies and interleukin-6 (IL-6) also contribute to this complication. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities and to evaluate some of the immunological factors in couples with RPL from different cities in Iraq.

Methods

This study was conducted on 25 couples (50 individuals) who had more than two first trimester abortions in the past and 25 healthy females as controls. Karyotyping was performed on peripheral blood of all participants. Anticardiolipin (IgG and IgM), antiphosopholipid (IgG and IgM), lupus anticoagulant, and IL-6 were assayed. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests.

Results

Chromosomal abnormalities were found in 28.0% (n = 7/25) of RPL couples. Of these five (10.0%) were female and two (4.0%) were male. The types of structural abnormalities were as follows: 45, XX, t(21; 21); 45, XX, rob (14, 15); 46, XX, add (21) (p13); 46 XY, add (21)(p13); 46, XX, 21ps+; 46, XY, per inv (9) (p11q12) and 45, XX, t(13q, 13q). No chromosomal abnormalities were found in the control group. Also, no significant differences were found in the immunological parameters of the couples with RPL and the control group.

Conclusion

In this study, karyotyping revealed a high number of chromosomal abnormalities associated with the RPL in Iraqi couples. Since identification of genetic causes of miscarriage is important for genetic counseling and educating couples about the risk of future pregnancies, it is recommended that conventional karyotyping be investigated in patients with RPL.
Effects of substituting soybean meal with corn on immune function and gene expression of gut TLR4 pathway of growing goats
Authors: Cheng Yan , Yang Chao , Chen Wenxun , Yan Qiongxian , Tan Zhiliang , He Zhixiong
Published: February 2022

Background

Protein malnutrition remains a severe problem in ruminant production and can increase susceptibility to infection, especially during the growth stage. This study aimed to explore substituting soybean meal with corn on activation of the TLR pathway and potential impact on immune response bias towards Type 1 or Type 2 using growing female goats as experimental animals.

Methods

Twenty-four Xiangdong black goats (initial BW = 19.83 ± 0.53 kg, about 8 ± 0.3 months old) were selected and randomly divided into the corn-soybean meal basal diet group (CON, 10.77% protein) and replacing soybean meal with 100% of corn group (CRS, 5.52% protein). EDTA whole blood and serum samples were collected prior to slaughter for determinations of blood cell counts, anti-inflammatory cytokines and antibodies. The duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon tissues were collected after formal trial to study the effect of CRS diet on the expression of TLR4 pathway.

Results

Our results showed CRS diet did not induce a significant change in immune function, as evidenced by the observations that white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil (Neu), lymphocyte (Lym), monocyte (Mon), eosinophil (Eos), interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, IL-13, immunoglobin G (IgG), IgA, and IgM levels in serum were similar between the two groups. RT-PCR results showed the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (P < 0.01) and interferon-β (IFN-β) (P < 0.01) were up-regulated in the colon of goats in the CRS group. No differences in the expression of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) adaptor-like protein (TIRAP), IL-1 receptor–associated kinase 1 (IRAK1), TNF receptor related factor 6 (TRAF6), NF-kappa B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) or activator protein-1 (AP-1) in the TLR4/MyD88 dependent pathway were observed between the two groups for any of the tested tissue. However, the expression of NF-κB activator (TANK) binding kinase 1 (TBK1) in TLR4/MyD88 independent pathway was up-regulated in the duodenum and colon (P < 0.01), and the expression of interferon regulatory factor-3 (IRF3) was up-regulated (P < 0.01) in colon.

Conclusions

Our results suggested that the CRS diet failed to induce a significant change in innate immunity and adaptive immunity in growing goats. However, the up-regulated TBK1 and IRF3 in the colon from the CRS goats suggests that the CRS diet may induce the expression of Th1-type proinflammatory cytokines and inflammatory response through a TLR4-MyD88-independent pathway, and the colon may be the easiest targeted section in the intestinal tract.
Effect of Dietary Persea americana on the Organosomatic Indices, Diseases Resistance and Liver Histopathlology of Clarias gariepinus Expose to Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Ukwe I. O. K. , Abu O. M. G.
Published: February 2022

The experiment was carried out to evaluate the prophylactic efficiency of dietary powdered Persea americana leaves on the organosomatic indices, disease resistance, and liver histopathology of Clarias gariepinus exposed to Klebsiella pneumoniae. Five (5) different isonitrogenous diets with varying percentages of P. americana powered leaves inclusion were formulated as follows: Do(0%); D1(3%); D3 (6%); D3 (9%) and D4 (12%). One hundred and fifty (150) C. gariepinus were distributed in five groups in triplicates of ten (10), and fed diets Do-D4 accordingly. After eight (8) weeks of feeding, they were injected intraperitoneally with klebsiella pneumoniae at days 1, 7, 14 and 21. After twenty eight (28) days post-infection period, three fish from each of the triplicate were sacrificed for evaluation of the Hepatosomatic index (HSI); Cistosomatic index (CSI), and Spleenosomatic index (SSI), and the liver was taken to the laboratory for histopathological analysis. The survival rate was calculated in each of the groups and the disease resistance was determined. At the end of the experiment, serious ulcerations were observed on the fish fed Do and infected with K. pneumonia, while the fish fed D1 – D4 were ulcer- free. The result reveals that the SSI and CSI were similar in all the groups (Do-D4), but the HSI was higher (P>0.05) in the group fed Do (control) compared to the group fed D1-D4. The survival rate and the diseases were Lower (<0.5) in the group Do compared to the group fed D1-D4, though it was not dose dependant. The result of the histopathology shows that the liver of the fish fed Do has bloodstain in the portal vein and sinusoid, while the liver of the fish fed D1-D4 have no bloodstain. The experiment reveals that Persea americana powdered leaves as applied is an anti-liver inflammatory herb, disease resistant and anti-bacterial.
The Relations between Some Families of Copulas
Authors: Abd EL-Monsef M. M. E. , Elsobky S. M. , Seyam M. M.
Published: February 2022

Copulas are mathematical objects that fully capture the dependence structure among random variables and thus offer a great deal of flexibility in building multivariate stochastic models. They have widely use in, credit models, risk aggregation, portfolio selection, insurance, and reliability theory. This study will disscuss the relationship among a few copulas.
Roving Survey of Panama Wilt Disease (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense) of Banana in Bihar
Authors: Chand Kewal , Singh S. K. , Meena Ranjana , Nain Yogita , Choudhary Kiran
Published: February 2022

A survey of Panama wilt of banana was conducted in different districts of Bihar i.e. Muzaffarpur, Vaishali, Samastipur, Darbhanga, Katihar, Purnea, Bhagalpur, Kishanganj and Saharsa. This disease was present in all the districts with different levels of percent wilt index. In the Vaishali belt (Zone–I), the maximum percent wilt index was recorded in the Vaishali district (30-45%) in cv. Malbhog (AAB) having sucker planting material in the year 2019-20. In the Koshi belt (Zone-II), the percent wilt index (External symptom) was highest in Purnea district (34-42%) in cv. Robusta (AAA) followed by district Saharsa (28-40%) and Kishanganj (25-38%). The lowest percent wilt index was found in districts Bhagalpur (22-38%) and Katihar (24-38%) in the year 2019-20. Panama wilt of banana caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 was recorded in the Koshi belt (Zone-II) having cv. Grand naine (AAA) and cv. Robusta (AAA) in Bihar only. While in Vaishali belt (Zone-I) was free from incidence of Fusarium wilt of banana incited by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4.
An Evaluation of Physical and Psychological Changes in School Children during Online Education - A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Sujitha S. , Sridevi G.
Published: February 2022

Background: Covid -19 is a great pandemic that keeps people indoors. This has increased the levels of perceived stress among not only adults but also young children. Children are much exposed to online education that keeps them in front of a computer or mobile phone exposing them to virtual education. This causes them to get stressed very easily.

Objective: To evaluate the physical and psychological changes in school children during online education.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of a sample consisting of 100 school children undergoing online education through their schools was conducted. The participants were administered with a self developed questionnaire consisting of 17 questions. The responses were collected using google forms. Descriptive statistics, frequency analysis and chi square test was used to analyse the data.

Results: The study reported that school children were stressed during online education. Crosstab evaluation was done for the questionnaire. It reported that the majority of the female children said that they feel good about online education and are able to manage the stress.

Conclusions: This study concluded an innovative finding that there is a gradual increase in the level of stress from moderate high among school students after the start of the COVID-19  outbreak.
Significance of Microalgae Biotechnology: Production of Omega-3 Microbial Oils from Marine Thraustochytrids
Authors: Setya Sonal , Kaur Avneet
Published: February 2022

Thraustochytrids are multicellular fungal-like aquatic protists that originate all over the ocean. They're renowned for producing higher-value omega-3 polyunsaturated dietary fats (-3-PUFAs), such as docosahexaenoic acids (DHA), along with hydrolytic enzymes. Omega-3 dietary fats with a long chain Human, and also marine fish species, require Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and DHA to survive. Fish oil is direct current. For the production of microbial oils from marine habitats, a new and sustainable usage of EPA and DHA is required. Thraustochytrids are single-celled eukaryotic microbes that may accumulate larger quantities of lipids. Omega-3-rich oils have industrial and commercial importance, owing to their advantages to human health and the environment. Fish is the major source of omega-3 dietary fats. The renaissance of attention in omega-3 as practical foods in this developing industry has increased the need for alternate sources of omega-3. These lipids are necessary for brain and retinal functional development as well as the prevention of cardiovascular and Alzheimer's illnesses. The worldwide demand for omega-3 productions, chiefly DHA, has increased significantly in the recent decade as a result of the rising usage of these lipids as a significant component of infants nourishing methods and supplementation. The polyunsaturated dietary fats produced from oleaginous microalgae have aids over the others PUFA supplies including such fish’s oils, which are odourless and not reliant on fish’s supplies. The generation of omega-3 oils from marine habitats is discussed in this study, which has several advantages.
Review on Genetically Modified Organism Foods
Authors: Kumar Nitin , Yadav Sonia
Published: February 2022

GMOs and the usage of GM foods have resulted from the capability to regulate and change the genetic codes of alive creatures. The capacity of GM foods to improve food processing performance, upsurge customer’s loyalty, and perhaps provides fitness advantages has expedited the adoption of GM nutriments into the diets. Though, GM crops and GMOs are still a source of virtuous dispute. The utilization of genetically modified nourishments and expertise raises ethical disquiets and personal judgement, which should preferably follow the moral values defined by diet and nourishment specialists, including such benevolence, non-maleficence, fairness, and sovereign. The future of GM crops includes a variety of aspects and trends, such as increased nutritional interest in goods, strict labelling requirements, and potentially favourable economic situations in industrialised countries. This study temporarily examines the history and contextual of genetically modified foodstuffs, diving into three zones: (1) GMO labelling, (2) regulatory disquiets, and (3) industrial uses. This article investigates the relationship between specific GM food uses and ethical issues. Ethical issues were investigated in light of the “Academy of Nutrition’s and Dietetic” (AND) code of ethics, which governs the conduct of food and nutrition professionals. Overall, the numerous moral consequences of developing and eating GM goods and GMOs must be carefully considered.
Comparative Assessment of Post-Operative Sequelae Following Surgical Removal of Mandibular Third Molar with and Without Extra-Oral Application of Kinesiologic Tape
Authors: Patil Sneha , Rajanikanth K.
Published: February 2022

Background: The transalveolar extraction of impacted mandibular third molars creates a huge level of injury to the delicate tissues of the oral cavity, which can initiate significant inflammatory reaction. Amongst some postoperative sequelae of third molar surgeries- pain, trismus and facial oedema are the most common. Treating with taping therapy has shown acceptable outcomes in reducing pain and in managing post-operative muscle spasm.

Objectives: The motive behind this research is to compare post-operative pain, swelling and trismus following third molar surgery in both test and control groups.

Methodology: The research will be a prospective randomized control split-mouth non-blinded clinical study model to assess the impact of the Kinesiology Tape (KT) on post-operative sequalae following removal of mandibular third molar surgically. With the cumulative 15 patients to be allocated for operating bilaterally involved impacted mandibular third molar. The study will be done under two groups, Group A – Test group (KT) one side of patient’s face, subjected to beige tape application. Group B – Control group (No KT) other side of patient’s face, will be the controlled group without application of KT. Each patient will undergo 2 operative surgeries at 2 week-interval conducted by the same surgeon. Immediately after extraction extra-oral application of KT will be done for test group.

Expected Results: The use of kinesiologic tape will be effective in improvement of post-operative discomfort of the patient in the conditions of reduction of swelling, pain and trismus.

Conclusion: As kinesiologic taping originates from sports medicine, currently there are very limited evidence- based scientific studies for KT application for treatment of post-operative edema in head and neck surgeries. This study will help to evaluate the use of KT enabling patients to have a restful time after operation leading them to get a better quality of life.
Study of Clinical Profile and Comparison of Various Dimensions of Chronic Otitis Media among the Adult and Paediatric Population from Rural Area
Authors: Vijayappan Aishwarya , Deshmukh P. T.
Published: February 2022

Background: The term Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is characterized as "chronic middle ear and mastoid cavity infection, which occurs through tympanic membrane perforation with recurrent ear discharge or otorrhoea . Though there are many similarities between adult and pediatric CSOM in terms of disease progression and pathological changes, there are certain notable differences stemming from temporal bone anatomy and extent of pneumatization, the immaturity of Eustachian Tube in terms of its function and variable progression of disease. Pediatric temporal bone being more pneumatized makes the disease to spread more extensively. Childhood cholesteatoma has much greater rates of residual and recurrence disease than seen in adults. This study is aimed to compare various dimensions of CSOM among the paediatric and adult age group in rural population.

Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study is scheduled from November 2020 to November 2023 in ENT Department of AVBRH, Wardha. Total 50 patients with chronic Otitis Media in the paediatric and adult age group will be enrolled. Baseline investigations will be performed for all patients and compared.

Expected Results: Clinical profile and behavior of chronic otitis media in adult and paediatric population in rural areas will be outlined, emphasizing middle ear changes, grade and extent of retraction pockets and cholesteatoma respectively. Pneumatization of the temporal bone and audiological status will be reported.

Conclusion: Differentiating characteristics of chronic otitis media in adult and paediatric population with specified features will be concluded.
A Study Protocol for Analysis of the Optimum Utilization of Operation Theater in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India
Authors: Dhakte Jeetendriya P. , Jain Ahmindra , Gudhe Vandana
Published: February 2022

Background:  A well-structured and fully functional  operation theatre is essential for any tertiary care hospital. It’s quite challenging to meet the needs of healthcare services in constantly changing environment and administration issues. The 11th hour cancellation of planned operations is quite traumatic and depressing for the patient. Cancelation of elective surgical operations often induces considerable mental distress to patient populations, their families, and the population in general. It has a significant effect on healthcare services due to excessive hospital stays and increased health services entrainment. Elective procedure cancellations often result from inadequate use of staff and medical services. This study aims to determine the frequency, reasons, and history of cancellation of elective surgery in AVBR Hospital, Wardha.

Methodology: This will be an observational study to assess the utilization of Operation Theatre in AVBR hospital, Wardha. The secondary data will be obtained  from the Operation Theatre Records. Statistics of number of surgeries and Surgery time taken will be recorded. Data on  reasons for cancellations will be obtained and necessary information will be obtained from the OT Staff through structured questionnaires and interviews.  Data will be analyzed with appropriate statistical tests.

Expected Result: Data on reasons for the cancellation of planned surgeries.

Conclusion: Appropriate planning and availability of required material and manpower resources is essential for appropriate management of Operation Theatres and avoid wastage of man-hours.
Introduction to System Risk in Medical Device Design
Authors: Sharma Akash , Luthra Gaurav
Published: February 2022

Medical devices designed for human use can be used to help patients overcome illness or disease and improve their quality of life. Researchers are working with more difficult tasks involved in making a medical device fit for human use. This means that the device should be safe, accurate, and cost-effective in terms of risk management, which entails identifying, understanding, controlling, and preventing failures that result in hazardous exposures while humans use medical devices. Risk and hazard analysis is a structured approach for assessing the potential difficulties that could arise from the usage of a medicine or a medical device. The purpose of this paper is to examine the necessity of risk analysis, risk management tools, and the risk management process's benefits. The ultimate goal is to reduce use-related risks, ensure that intended users can safely and effectively utilize medical devices throughout the product life cycle, and simplify the assessment of new device submissions and design control documents.
A Study Protocol on Assessment of ECG and Echocardiography Changes in Stroke Patients
Authors: Nagdev Govind Mukesh , Gawande Vasant
Published: February 2022

Background: Ischemic stroke is accountable for about 80% of the first episode of cerebrovascular accidents. Cerebrovascular accident due to intracerebral hemorrhage is described as an abrupt onset of clinical signs of central nervous system dysfunction resulting from focal collection of blood inside the ventricular system or brain parenchyma, which is not caused by trauma. Stroke is reported  as the most common cause of mortality in developed countries after cardiovascular problems. In cerebrovascular accidents, ECG changes like ST-T changes, QT prolongation, abnormal U waves etc have been reported. Also 2D echocardiographic changes have been reported in stroke patients. This study aims to assess different changes in electrocardiograph and 2D echo patterns cerebrovascular accident cases and their prognostic importance.

Objectives: To study variations in Electrocardiogram and 2D Echo in stroke patients in stroke patients and to rule out end organ insufficiency of vital organs.

Methodology: This will be a Prospective Cross-Sectional study. About 200 patients of Cerebrovascular accidents reporting to Dept of Emergency Medicine at AVBRH will be included in this study. All patients will undergo 12-lead electrocardiography,  at the time of arrival to the hospital. CT scan/MRI will be performed within half an hour of reporting to Emergency Department. After management of stroke,  2D ECHO will be performed. Data of all patients will be analysed with appropriate statistical packages.

Expected outcome: A Significant correlation is expected between ECG changes and stroke.
A Study of Clinical Profile and Management of Allergic Conjunctivitis in Rural Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Srilekha Berelli , Lohiya Sohan
Published: February 2022

Background: Among the allergic diseases witnessed over the last few decades, ocular allergy is one of the most common conditions. Many factors like pets, dust, pollen, grain exposure, air pollution play a role in allergies. Ocular allergy impairs the daily routine activities, and if left undertreated, it may progress to atopic keratoconjunctivitis, resulting in vision impairment. This study aimed to observe an association of dry eye in allergic conjunctivitis and management of allergic conjunctivitis cases reporting  in tertiary health care Centre.

Materials and Methods: This will be a cross sectional observational research conducted at AVBRH, Wardha. Baseline data of 85 enrolled patients will be collected after obtaining their informed written consent and all procedures will be explained to  patients. Patients included in study will undergo Comprehensive ophthalmic examination,  slit lamp examination, fundoscopy, tear  break up time and Schirmer’s test with topical anaesthesia.   Follow-up of all patients will be done at 1, 3, 6, and 8 weeks. Data on medical history, allergies, and lifestyle factors will be collected using a pretested standard questionnaire.

Expected Results: Estimation of correlation between dry eye in allergic conjunctivitis and efficacy of different standard drugs in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis.
Physiotherapy Rehabilitation in Idiopathic Chronic Osteomyelitis: A Case Report
Authors: Burile Ghanishtha , Jawade Swapna , Chitale Neha
Published: February 2022

Osteomyelitis is an infection-related inflammation of the bones and bone marrow. Generally   in the legs, arms, spine. Foot and ankle osteomyelitis can be excruciatingly painful for patients and a difficult management challenge for orthopedic surgeons. Acute staphylococcal osteomyelitis had a 50% death rate in the pre-antibiotic era. Osteomyelitis of the foot and ankle can occur due to a variety of reasons, with diabetic foot infections being one of the most common. Osteomyelitis is a bone marrow inflammation which progression, involving the cortical plates and frequently periosteal tissues, along with the majority of cases occurring after bone trauma or surgery, or as a result of vascular insufficiency. Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis is an autoinflammatory disease that primarily affects children and adolescents and is characterized by recurrent or persistent osteitic foci. The symptom is bone pain, which may or may not be accompanied by soft tissue tenderness. Chronic osteomyelitis is related with avascular necrosis of bone along with the establishment or formation of sequestrum (dead bone), and surgical debridement, in addition to antibiotic therapy, is required for cure. Physiotherapy has effect in improving the quality of life of the patient with osteomyelitis.
Dreadful Impact of COVID-19 in Pregnant Women and Neonatal Outcomes
Authors: Bartalwar Aditi , Vagha Sunita , Divya K.
Published: February 2022

It has been observed that the effect of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has a major effect during pregnancy period and neonatal outcomes. Pregnancy is the process which involves series of changes in woman’s organ and tissues. It is the most sensitive and crucial phase of woman’s life which results in a birth of baby. There can be a possibility that an infant (new-born) may also get affected by the infectious viruses. So, it's mandatory to take proper measures, in case felt suspected to any of the symptoms During this phase, woman is prone to many infections and diseases respectively. Even the baby born are vulnerable to many dangerous diseases. Pregnant woman and baby both are highly vulnerable to novel corona virus disease. Studies done so far have confirmed that Isolation and uncertainty imposed by pandemic lead to an increase in depression and anxiety coupled with emotional eating which intensified the gestational weight gain. Many options of treatment have been ruled out for COVID-19, some of them has shown good results, these are shortening the duration of hospital stays, but still there is no complete treatment for the same. As per different guidelines, an advisory is made on carrying skin contact and breastfeeding, in case the mother is COVID-19 positive then she should carry out proper precautions such as hand hygiene and ideally must wear mask while feeding where there will be no requirement of neonatal care unit.

This article analyses about several harmful impacts of COVID on pregnant ladies, new-borns. Various precautions, treatments to be done to treat the infected ones.
Pathogenesis of Candida Auris: A Threat Emerging during Corona Pandemic
Authors: Jha Aditi , Mudey Gargi
Published: February 2022

The genus Candida consists of several species, including the Auris species, a pathogen that quickly colonizes and spreads on hospital surfaces and causes invasive fungal infections even after regular disinfection. It is very potent as it is resistant to several antifungals like the Echinocandins and azoles, commonly used to treat invasive fungal infections. Due to this, there is a global threat to public health.

Auris could also spread as a Nosocomial infection through contaminated arm-pit thermometers that will increase the spread and dissemination of C. Auris, to seek protection against which, these multi use devices used on several patients should be cleaned carefully.

In patients hospitalized with COVID-19, systemic fungal co-infections have been very common, which may increase the severity of the disease and be detrimental to the treatment process, and may also prove fatal.

COVID-19 infection suppresses the patients' immunity. The attenuated CD80 upregulation of monocytes can explain and abolish the release of IL6, TNF, IL1a, and IL1b against Candida species making the patient more susceptible to secondary co-infections.

The similarity between Covid and Candidiasis is that both emerge suddenly and spread astonishingly quickly, which cannot be easily comprehended by the traditional epidemiological analysis.

The dry biofilms formed in C. Auris protect the microbe from complete removal due to robust cleaning. It was also found that C. Auris particles were obtained from patients with chronic respiratory disease using genome sequencing and multilocus microsatellite genotyping.

In the timeline of April to July 2020, two-thirds of the COVID cases affected by candidemia admitted in the Intensive Care Unit in New Delhi were due to C. Auris, and the mortality rate was around 60%.
Method Development and Validation of a Specific Stability Indicating RP-HPLC Method for Molnupiravir API
Authors: Kumar Gundapaneni Ravi , Babu Borra Suman , Rao Rayala Rama , Vardhan Vadde Megha , Abbaraju V. D. N. Kumar
Published: February 2022

A simple, accurate, isocratic stability indicating RP‐HPLC method was developed for the determination of Molnupiravir in bulk drug. This RP-HPLC was achieved on “Waters 2695 using an Agilent Zorbax Eclipse C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm × 5 µm)” column with the mobile phase consisting of 30 mM, ammonium phosphate monobasic and Methanol in the ratio of 47:53 %v/v. The stress testing of Molnupiravir was carried out under acidic, alkaline, oxidative, thermal, and photolytic conditions and formed degradation products were well resolved from Molnupiravir API (active pharmaceutical ingredient). The suggested approach was validated according to ICH (International Council on Harmonisation) principles, and all of the validation parameters' findings were within acceptable limits. The method was proven to be appropriate for quality control of Molnupiravir in bulk and pharmaceutical dose forms, as well as stability testing.
A Review of Diagnostic, Treatment and Self-Care Modalities for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Solanki Disha , Keche Harsha
Published: February 2022

This assessment includes records of a variety of methods for analysing gestational diabetes as well as professional guidance from a few organizations. This article discusses the consequences of gestational diabetes on both the mother and the child .The authors explain methods for self-monitoring blood sugar levels and taking remedial action with food, oral medicine, and insulin injections. The difficult job of glucose metabolism and postpartum length are reviewed, as well as a method for assessing timing and manner of transfer. ).According to a direct comparison of the two standard units using the unique O'Sullivan and Mahan technique against Carpenter and Coustan (C&C) plasma containing glucose oxidase standards 95 percent of cases p of the unique levels' self-confidence limits. The National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG), on other hand, had a self-confidence of over 95%. In each of the three examples, the NDDG was over the 95 percent self-confidence threshold after exposure to the dimension. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) eventually recognized the C&C criteria, and they retained the ADA's suggested clinical limits until 2011, when the ADA established a new range of diagnostic standards. These final values were raised by more than 14% to allow for such excess serum to whole. Two threshold units the terms "NDDG" and "Carpenter and Coustan" were taken from the O'Sullivan and Mahan standards (C&C). Both have been authorized by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG).According to a direct comparison of the two standard units using the unique O'Sullivan and Mahan technique against C&C plasma containing glucose oxidase standards 95 percent of cases p of the unique levels' self-confidence limits.