bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cross-resistance to atrazine and metribuzin in multiple herbicide-resistant kochia accessions: confirmation, mechanism, and management
Authors: Kumar Vipan , Liu Rui , Currie Randall S. , Jha Prashant , Morran Sarah , Gaines Todd , Stahlman Phillip W.
Published: December 2020

Kochia accessions (designated as KS-4A and KS-4H) collected from a corn field near Garden City, KS, have previously shown multiple resistance to glyphosate, dicamba, and fluroxypyr. These accessions were also suspected as being resistant to photosystem II (PS II) inhibitors. The main objectives of this research were to 1) confirm the coexistence of cross-resistance to PS II inhibitors (atrazine and metribuzin) applied PRE and POST, 2) investigate the underlying mechanism of PS II-inhibitor resistance, and 3) determine the effectiveness of alternative POST herbicides for control of these multiple herbicide–resistant (MHR) kochia accessions. Results from dose-response experiments revealed that the KS-4A and KS-4H kochia accessions were 23-fold to 48-fold resistant to PRE- and POST-applied atrazine and 13-fold to 18-fold resistant to POST-applied metribuzin compared to a known susceptible kochia accession (KS-SUS). Both accessions also showed putative resistance to PRE-applied metribuzin that needs to be confirmed. Sequence analyses of the psbA gene further revealed that all samples from the KS-4A and KS-4H kochia accessions had a Ser264Gly point mutation. A pretreatment with malathion followed by a POST application of atrazine at 1,120 g ha−1 or metribuzin at 630 g ha−1 did not reverse the resistance phenotypes of these MHR accessions. In a separate greenhouse study, alternative POST herbicides, including bicyclopyrone + bromoxynil; bromoxynil + pyrasulfotole; paraquat alone or in combination with atrazine, metribuzin, 2,4-D, or saflufenacil; and saflufenacil alone or in combination with 2,4-D effectively controlled the KS-4H accession (≥97% injury). To our knowledge, this research reports the first case of kochia accessions with cross-resistance to PRE-applied atrazine and POST-applied metribuzin. Growers should adopt diversified weed control strategies, including the use of competitive crops, cover crops, targeted tillage, and harvest weed seed control along with effective alternative PRE and POST herbicides with multiple sites of action to control MHR kochia seedbanks on their production fields.
High Organic Burial Efficiency Is Required to Explain Mass Balance in Earth's Early Carbon Cycle
Authors: Kipp Michael A. , Krissansen‐Totton Joshua , Catling David C.
Published: December 2020

Earth's carbon cycle maintains a stable climate and biosphere on geological timescales. Feedbacks regulate the size of the surface carbon reservoir, and on million‐year timescales the carbon cycle must be in steady state. A major question about the early Earth is whether carbon was cycled through the surface reservoir more quickly or slowly than it is today. The answer to this question holds important implications for Earth's climate state, the size of the biosphere through time, and the expression of atmospheric biosignatures on Earth‐like planets. Here, we examine total carbon inputs and outputs from the Earth's surface over time. We find stark disagreement between the canonical histories of carbon outgassing and carbon burial, with the former implying high rates of throughput on the early Earth and the latter suggesting sluggish carbon cycling. We consider solutions to this apparent paradox and conclude that the most likely resolution is that high organic burial efficiency in the Precambrian enabled substantial carbon burial despite limited biological productivity. We then consider this model in terms of Archean redox balance and find that in order to maintain atmospheric anoxia prior to the Great Oxidation Event, high burial efficiency likely needed to be accompanied by greater outgassing of reductants. Similar mechanisms likely govern carbon burial and redox balance on terrestrial exoplanets, suggesting that outgassing rates and the redox state of volcanic gases likely play a critical role in setting the tempo of planetary oxygenation.
Statistical Reconstruction of Seasonal Tropical Cyclone Variability in the North Atlantic Basin
Authors: Titus Matthew Lee , Thompson Keith R. , Oliver Eric C. J. , Klotzbach Philip J.
Published: December 2020

Seasonal forecasting of tropical cyclones is a topic of considerable interest to the public, government and private sectors. To improve understanding of the dynamics controlling the predictability of tropical cyclone (TC) activity, and improve the accuracy of forecasts, multiple studies have related TC activity to empirically‐defined indices including the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation, the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, and the North Atlantic Oscillation. These indices were not developed to forecast TC activity but rather summarize other aspects of atmosphere‐ocean variability. In this study we use a statistical approach, based on redundancy analysis, to define two indices related to overall activity and steering of TCs. We focus on North Atlantic TCs that reached tropical storm strength (≥34 kt) between August and October 1948–2016. TC occurrences are binned using an equal area grid that covers the North Atlantic. The redundancy indices are linear combinations of mean sea level pressure for the same season. Cross validation is used to guard against over fitting in the definition of the indices. This approach provides two physically interpretable redundancy indices related to North Atlantic TC activity. The leading redundancy index is used to successfully reconstruct the total number of TCs and the accumulated cyclone energy, over the extended period 1878–2014 using seasonal mean sea level pressures from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction 20th‐Century Reanalysis version 2c. Extensions of the approach for seasonal forecasting are discussed.
Seasonal Variation of Vertical Heat and Energy Fluxes due to Dissipating Gravity Waves in the Mesopause Region Over the Andes
Authors: Guo Yafang , Liu Alan Z.
Published: December 2020

Vertical energy transports due to dissipating gravity waves in the mesopause region (85–100 km) are analyzed using over 400 h of observational data obtained from a narrow‐band sodium wind‐temperature lidar located at Andes Lidar Observatory (ALO), Cerro Pachón (30.25°S, 70.73°W), Chile. Sensible heat flux is directly estimated using measured temperature and vertical wind; energy flux is estimated from the vertical wavenumber and frequency spectra of temperature perturbations; and enthalpy flux is derived based on its relationship with sensible heat and energy fluxes. Sensible heat flux is mostly downward throughout the region. Enthalpy flux exhibits an annual oscillation with maximum downward transport in July above 90 km. The dominant feature of energy flux is the exponential decrease from 10−2 to 10−4 W m−2 with the altitude increases from 85 to 100 km and is larger during austral winter. The annual mean thermal diffusivity inferred from enthalpy flux decreases from 303 m2 s−1 at 85 km to minimum 221 m2 s−1 at 90 km then increases to 350 m2 s−1 at 99 km. Results also show that shorter period gravity waves tend to dissipate at higher altitudes and generate more heat transport. The averaged vertical group velocities for high, medium, and low frequency waves are 4.15 m s−1, 1.15 m s−1, and 0.70 m s−1, respectively. Gravity wave heat transport brings significant cooling in the mesopause region at an average cooling rate of 6.7 ± 1.1 K per day.
Ecosystem‐Atmosphere Exchange of CO2, Water, and Energy in a Basin Mangrove of the Northeastern Coast of the Yucatan Peninsula
Authors: Alvarado‐Barrientos M. Susana , López‐Adame Haydee , Lazcano‐Hernández Hugo E. , Arellano‐Verdejo Javier , Hernández‐Arana Héctor A.
Published: December 2020

Coastal settings variations are linked to composition, structural, and functional differences among mangrove ecotypes. Basin mangroves undergo larger flooding and salinity fluctuations, yet remain understudied, compared to other ecotypes. We evaluated the effect of flooding and air temperature (T
a) on the surface energy balance and eddy covariance‐derived net CO2 ecosystem exchange (NEE) of a basin mangrove with sporadic freshwater flooding. During the study period (June 2017–November 2018) the site was more frequently not flooded. Under these conditions, in combination with high T
a (>27°C), daytime CO2 uptake was significantly lower, while evapotranspiration and sensible heat flux were higher than when flooded. CO2 uptake increased with T
a and vapor pressure deficit, but after exceeding a threshold (29°C and 1.4 kPa), uptake declined. Flooding extended this T
a threshold by 3°C and increased the radiation saturation point of NEE. The ecosystem is a net sink of CO2 annually (709 ± 09 g C m−2 yr−1), however, it turned a net source of CO2 for 3 months of prolonged rainfall deficit. Most of the precipitation input is returned to the atmosphere (evaporative index: 0.94) and on average, for each gram of atmospheric carbon assimilated into the ecosystem, 2.21 ± 0.50 kg of water was returned to the atmosphere. This ecosystem‐level water‐use efficiency decreased with flooding, but the correlation was not strong. Future temperature increases and lower precipitation (local and regional), combined with lower water table (and/or stronger saline intrusion), imply important losses of primary productivity and stored soil carbon in basin mangroves of northeast Yucatan Peninsula.
Isotopic Branchpoints: Linkages and Efficiencies in Carbon and Water Budgets
Authors: Marshall John D. , Laudon Hjalmar , Mäkelä Annikki , Peichl Matthias , Hasselquist Niles , Näsholm Torgny
Published: December 2020

Forests pass water and carbon through while converting portions to streamflow, soil organic matter, wood production, and other ecosystem services. The efficiencies of these transfers are but poorly quantified. New theory and new instruments have made it possible to use stable isotope composition to provide this quantification of efficiencies wherever there is a measurable difference between the branches of a branchpoint. We present a linked conceptual model that relies on isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen to describe these branchpoints along the pathway from precipitation to soil and biomass carbon sequestration and illustrate how it can be tested and generalized.
CD133 peptide-conjugated pyropheophorbide-a as a novel photosensitizer for targeted photodynamic therapy in colorectal cancer stem cells
Authors: Yan Shichao , Tang Da , Hong Zhangyong , Wang Jing , Yao Hui , Lu Lu , Yi Huimei , Fu Shujun , Zheng Chanjuan , He Guangchun , Zou Heng , Hou Xuyang , He Qing , Xiong Li , Li Qinglong , Deng Xiyun
Published: December 2020

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer around the world.
Generation of glucosylated sn-1-glycerolphosphate teichoic acids: glycerol stereochemistry affects synthesis and antibody interaction
Authors: Berni Francesca , Wang Liming , Kalfopoulou Ermioni , Nguyen D. Linh , van der Es Daan , Huebner Johannes , Overkleeft Herman S. , Hokke Cornelis H. , van der Marel Gijsbert A. , van Diepen Angela , Codée Jeroen D. C.
Published: December 2020

Glycerol stereochemistry is key for teichoic acid synthesis and antibodies binding.
Mapping the energy landscape of protein–ligand binding via linear free energy relationships determined by protein NMR relaxation dispersion
Authors: Stenström Olof , Diehl Carl , Modig Kristofer , Nilsson Ulf J. , Akke Mikael
Published: December 2020

NMR relaxation dispersion experiments reveal linear free energy relationships relating the binding constants to the lifetimes of protein–ligand complexes, showing that the transition state is located close to the free state.
Aqueous solubility of Pb at equilibrium with hydroxypyromorphite over a range of phosphate concentrations
Authors: Zhou Yuting , Li Xinxin , McBride Murray B.
Published: December 2020

Hydroxypyromorphite (HPM) is a low-solubility Pb phosphate mineral that has the potential to limit solubility and bioavailability of Pb in soils and water.
Recent advances in the discovery of potent RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp) inhibitors targeting viruses
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Mishra Sahil , Shreya  , Maurya Sushil K.
Published: December 2020

This review summarizes the latest advances in the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitors targeting various viruses.
Electrochemically mediated deionization: a review
Authors: Suresh Adarsh , Hill Grant T. , Hoenig Eli , Liu Chong
Published: December 2020

A review detailing existing electrode materials, cell architectures, and charge transfer mechanisms related to electrochemically driven desalination and selective element extraction in aqueous environments.
Catalytic methods for chemical recycling or upcycling of commercial polymers
Authors: Kosloski-Oh Sophia C. , Wood Zachary A. , Manjarrez Yvonne , de los Rios Juan Pablo , Fieser Megan E.
Published: December 2020

A review covering catalytic method development to enable efficient chemical recycling and upcycling of the most abundant commercial polymers.
Immunostimulatory silica nanoparticle boosts innate immunity in brain tumors
Authors: Bielecki Peter A. , Lorkowski Morgan E. , Becicka Wyatt M. , Atukorale Prabhani U. , Moon Taylor J. , Zhang Yahan , Wiese Michelle , Covarrubias Gil , Ravichandran Shruthi , Karathanasis Efstathios
Published: December 2020

An immunostimulatory nanoparticle was specifically designed to boost the local innate immune compartment of brain tumors leading to a robust antitumor immune response.
Self-templated formation of hierarchically yolk–shell-structured ZnS/NC dodecahedra with superior lithium storage properties
Authors: Wang Ping , Yuan Aihua , Wang Zhitao , Shen Xiaoping , Chen Hantao , Zhou Hu
Published: December 2020

MOF-derived yolk–shell-structured ZnS/carbon materials, which exhibited excellent lithium-storage performances, are fabricated for the first time.
Recent advances, challenges and prospects in ternary organic solar cells
Authors: Zhao Congcong , Wang Jiuxing , Zhao Xuanyi , Du Zhonglin , Yang Renqiang , Tang Jianguo
Published: December 2020

This work presents a complete summary of recent advances in ternary organic solar cells, highlighting the relationships among the molecular structure, component weight ratio, active layer morphology and photovoltaic performance.
Plasmon induced hot electron generation in two dimensional carbonaceous nanosheets decorated with Au nanostars: enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Choudhary Priyanka , Kumar Kamlesh , Kumar Ashish , Krishnan Venkata
Published: December 2020

Rational design and development of photocatalytic materials is of paramount importance for efficient utilization of solar energy in photocatalytic applications.
Preparing, optimising, and evaluating chitosan nanocapsules to improve the stability of anthocyanins from Aronia melanocarpa
Authors: Wang Mingyue , Li Li , Wan Meizhi , Lin Yang , Tong Yuqi , Cui Yanmin , Deng Haotian , Tan Chang , Kong Yanwen , Meng Xianjun
Published: December 2020

During in vitro digestion and enviromental storage, the chitosan nanocapsulation was successfully improved the physical and oxidative stability of anthocyanins from Aronia melanocarpa.
Direct photoelectrochemical oxidation of hydroxymethylfurfural on tungsten trioxide photoanodes
Authors: Lhermitte Charles R. , Plainpan Nukorn , Canjura Pamela , Boudoire Florent , Sivula Kevin
Published: December 2020

An important target reaction for solar-powered biomass valorization is the conversion of 2,5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) into key monomers for polyester production.
Facile fabrication of Fe-doped Nb2O5 nanofibers by an electrospinning process and their application in photocatalysis
Authors: Wang Lu , Li Ya , Han Pingfang , Jiang Yunxia
Published: December 2020

Charge transfer and photocatalysis in Fe-doped Nb2O5 nanofibers under visible-light irradiation.
Fast oxygen ion migration in Cu–In–oxide bulk and its utilization for effective CO2 conversion at lower temperature
Authors: Makiura Jun-Ichiro , Higo Takuma , Kurosawa Yutaro , Murakami Kota , Ogo Shuhei , Tsuneki Hideaki , Hashimoto Yasushi , Sato Yasushi , Sekine Yasushi
Published: December 2020

Efficient activation of CO2 at low temperature was achieved by reverse water–gas shift via chemical looping (RWGS-CL) by virtue of fast oxygen ion migration in a Cu–In structured oxide, even at lower temperatures.
When amine-based conducting polymers meet Au nanoparticles: suppressing H2 evolution and promoting the selective electroreduction of CO2 to CO at low overpotentials
Authors: Yu Jialei , Zhu Han , Hao Jiace , Li Huilin , Li Huining , Lu Shuanglong , Du Mingliang
Published: December 2020

A catalyst prepared with an amine-based polymer supporting Au nanoparticles (Au/PANI) and its highly efficient properties for CO2RR have been demonstrated.
Bipolar membrane polarization behavior with systematically varied interfacial areas in the junction region
Authors: Kole Subarna , Venugopalan Gokul , Bhattacharya Deepra , Zhang Le , Cheng John , Pivovar Bryan , Arges Christopher G.
Published: December 2020

Left image is the relationship for the overpotential for water dissociation as a function of bipolar junction electric field whereas the right image presents micrographs and the procedure to make bipolar membranes with micropatterned interfaces.
Giant spontaneous polarization for enhanced ferroelectric properties of biaxially oriented poly(vinylidene fluoride) by mobile oriented amorphous fractions
Authors: Rui Guanchun , Huang Yanfei , Chen Xinyue , Li Ruipeng , Wang Dingrui , Miyoshi Toshikazu , Zhu Lei
Published: December 2020

Oriented amorphous fraction in biaxially oriented poly(vinylidene fluoride) gives it significantly enhanced dielectric and ferroelectric properties.
Large, thermally stabilized and fatigue-resistant piezoelectric strain response in textured relaxor-PbTiO3ferroelectric ceramics
Authors: Chang Yunfei , Wu Jie , Yang Bin , Xie Hang , Yang Shuai , Sun Yuan , Zhang Shantao , Li Fei , Cao Wenwu
Published: December 2020

This work reports the simultaneous achievement and underlying mechanisms of ∼130% times higher, temperature–insensitive and fatigue-resistant strain response in relaxor-PbTiO3textured piezoceramics.
School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists' Adherence to Practice Guidelines for Assessment of English Learners
Authors: Dubasik Virginia L. , Valdivia Dubravka Svetina
Published: December 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to ascertain the extent to which school-based speech-language pathologists' (SLPs) assessment practices with individual English learners (ELs) align with federal legislation and professional practice guidelines. Specifically, we were interested in examining SLPs' use of multiple tools during individual EL assessments, as well as relationships between practices and number of types of training experiences.

Method

School-based SLPs in a Midwestern state were recruited in person or via e-mail to complete an online survey pertaining to assessment. Of the 562 respondents who completed the survey, 222 (39.5%) indicated past or present experience with ELs, and thus, their data were included in the analyses. The questionnaire solicited information about respondent's demographics, caseload composition, perceived knowledge and skills and training experiences pertaining to working with ELs (e.g., graduate school, self-teaching, professional conferences), and assessment practices used in schools.

Results

The majority of respondents reported using multiple tools rather than a single tool with
each
EL they assess. Case history and observation were tools used
often
or
always
by the largest number of participants. SLPs who used multiple tools reported using both direct (e.g., standardized tests, dynamic assessment) and indirect tools (e.g., case history, interviews). Analyses revealed low to moderate positive associations between tools, as well as the use of speech-language samples and number of types of training experiences.

Conclusions

School-based SLPs in the current study reported using EL assessment practices that comply with federal legislation and professional practice guidelines for EL assessment. These results enhance our understanding of school-based SLPs' assessment practices with ELs and may be indicative of a positive shift toward evidence-based practice.
General functioning procedure of the immune-like system for external intrusions detection in information security systems
Authors: Simavoryan S.Zh. , Simonyan A.R. , Popov G.A. , Ulitina E.I.
Published: December 2020

The subject of the research is the problem of constructing an immune-like system for external intrusions detection in information security systems (ISS) of automated data processing systems (ADPS) that function similarly to the human immune system (ImS) when it counteracts during viruses, bacteria and other foreign elements penetrate into the human body. The objects of research are the ImS and ISS in ADPS. Methodological studies on the development of intrusion detection procedures are carried out using methods of artificial intelligence, system analysis, the theory of neural and immune systems in the field of ISS based on the achievements of the system-conceptual approach to information protection in ADPS. The main result obtained in this work is the developed general procedure (model) for the functioning of immune-like ISS at external intrusions countering in the form of a block-diagram and its description.
Mathematical modelling of the propagation of accidental oil spills when designing an artificial beach in Svetlogorsk, Kaliningrad region
Authors: Makarov K.N. , Makarova I.L.
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the issues of mathematical modeling of the transformation and drift of an oil product spill in case of possible ship accidents both in the shallow sea zone at depths of 25-30 m, and in the surf zone at depths of 3-5 m. The method for modeling the drift of an oil product slick under the influence of waves and currents is presented. The most dangerous hydro-meteorological situations from the point of view of liquidation of the consequences of accidents are considered and the simulation of the drift of oil pollution is carried out. The research results make it possible to develop optimal plans for the elimination of oil spills.
Simulation of fluid outflow from a channel with complex geometry
Authors: Karimov K , Khudjaev M , Nematov E , Khurramov D
Published: December 2020

Topic of the paper is the simulation of fluid outflow from a channel with complex geometry. Subject of the study is the outflow of fluid from a channel with an arbitrary section, in particular, consisting of a parabolic inlet, cylindrical middle and hyperbolic outlet sections. The paper considers the integral form of determining the pressure and the average flow rate of the fluid in a channel with an arbitrary cross section. From the obtained expression for the pressure and from the equation of conservation of mass, given in integral form, it is necessary to determine the pressure and the average flow rate in successively located channels with a parabolic, cylindrical and hyperbolic section. Research methods are based on: Newton’s rheological law; the continuity equation and the Navier-Stokes equation, which are the basic equations of fluid motion; the method of mathematical modeling and the analytical method for their solution. The paper contains integral expressions for the hydrodynamic characteristics of a fluid flow in a channel with an arbitrary section. The pressure and average flow rate in the channel of successively located parabolic, cylindrical, hyperbolic segments are determined. Analytical expressions are obtained for the pressure and average flow rate of the liquid in a channel with an arbitrary cross section. As an example, the pressures and the average flow rate in the channel from the parabolic inlet, cylindrical middle and hyperbolic outlet sections are determined. In perspective, by substituting in them an arbitrary arithmetic expression of the channel cross-section, it is possible to determine the hydrodynamic characteristics of the flow with any geometry of the flow channel.
Prompt determination of the static stability margins in electrical energy systems equipped with distributed generation plants
Authors: Bulatov Yu N , Kryukov A V , Suslov K V , Cherepanov A V
Published: December 2020

The wide use of distributed generation (DG) technologies in electrical energy systems (EES) requires development of new control algorithms in normal, emergency and postemergency modes. The issues of determining the static aperiodic stability (SAS) margin in EES equipped with DG plants are of particular relevance. These plants can be removed from the consumption centers, which can lead to SAS reserves depletion. The article presents the results of studies aimed at the developing SAS reserves express calculation methods in EES equipped with DG plants. An effective technique to determine stability margins was proposed based on one of the modifications of limiting modes equations. The results of determining SAS for an electrical network with distributed generation plants are presented. Additionally, the simulation of transient processes in the studied EES for various points in the space of the mode’s controlled parameters has been carried out in the Matlab system.
Mathematical modelling of space charge breakdown in membrane systems taking into account the non-catalytic dissociation/ recombination reaction of water molecules
Authors: Gudza V , Urtenov M , Chubyr N , Shkorkina I
Published: December 2020

In electromembrane systems, a theoretical study of salt ion transfer usually uses mathematical models of salt ion transfer in the depleted diffusion layer of ion-exchange membranes. In this paper, a new mathematical model of ion transport in the cross-section of the desalination channel formed by two ion-exchange membranes – anion-exchange (AEM) and cation-exchange (CEM), taking into account the non-catalytic dissociation/recombination reaction of water molecules. The model is a boundary value problem for a non-stationary system of Nernst-Planck and Poisson equations. A numerical analysis of the boundary value problem is performed and the main regularities of the 1:1 salt ion transfer process are established, in particular, the occurrence and development of space charge breakdown is shown. The interaction of the space charge and the noncatalytic dissociation/recombination reaction of water molecules are theoretically investigated.
Study of 3D discrete hydrodynamics models using cell filling
Authors: Sukhinov A , Chistyakov A , Protsenko S , Protsenko E
Published: December 2020

Modern methods and tools for coastal hydrodynamics modeling indicate the necessity of constructing discrete analogs of models for ones the properties: balance and conservation laws (for mass, flows, impulse), stability, convergence and etc. have been fulfilled. The paper considers a continuous three-dimensional mathematical model of the hydrodynamics of water basins and its discretization. The pressure correction method at variable water medium density was used to solve the problem of hydrodynamics. The considered discrete mathematical models of hydrodynamics take into account the filling of control cells on rectangular grids. This increased the accuracy of the solution in the case of complex geometry by improving the boundary approximation. From the obtained estimates of the components of the velocity vector, it follows that there are no two or more stationary regimes in which all forces are balanced, and the solution to the discrete problem exists and is unique and tends to the solution of the continuous problem upon reaching the stationary regime. Also the balance of the flows for the discrete model has been proved as well as absence of non-conservative dissipative terms.
Damping of high-rise structure vibrations with viscoelastic dynamic dampers
Authors: Mirsaidov M , Abdikarimov R , Khudainazarov Sh , Sabirjanov T
Published: December 2020

The paper is devoted to the study of dissipative properties of inhomogeneous viscoelastic systems of structures with dynamic vibration dampers. A detailed analysis of well-known studies concerning this problem is given. A mathematical model, technique and algorithm for studying the dissipative properties of inhomogeneous viscoelastic systems of high-rise buildings with dynamic vibration dampers are developed in the paper, taking into account the real geometry of structures. The hereditary BoltzmannVolterra theory was used to describe the viscoelastic properties of the damper and springs material. To solve the problem, the finite element method and the Muller method were used. The natural vibration modes of the Novo-Angren TPP smokestack with dynamic vibration dampers were investigated for various damper parameters. The imaginary part of complex eigenfrequency of the system was used as a dissipative index. A number of new mechanical effects were identified. The developed technique can be used to optimize the parameters of a viscoelastic damper for a structure.
Computerization of designing of urban transport systems using a remote satellite monitoring software product
Authors: Testeshev A , Gense D , Timokhovets V , Babich T , Chichilanova Y
Published: December 2020

The design of transport systems within the framework of programs for the integrated development of urban infrastructure is a cascading model that includes the stages of the analysis of target functions; monitoring of transport infrastructure; forecast transport demand; modeling of development scenarios; development, performance evaluation and verification of investment projects. To reduce resource costs, designers use a variety of hardware and software systems, the degree of security of which, their inherent advantages and disadvantages were identified during a statistical survey of employees of road facilities. According to the results of the study, to automate the collection of traffic characteristics at the monitoring stage, a software product was developed and patented to interpret a static image of a satellite image from online resources into the dynamic characteristics of traffic flows (speed, density, composition and traffic intensity). The functional apparatus of the product is the multiparameter equations of the theory of traffic flows, taking into account transport and road conditions. Assessment of the cost and capabilities of the developed software in comparison with foreign counterparts showed the vitality of this product.
Hydrophobic textile materials with organosilicon impregnation
Authors: Makhotkina Liliia , Khalilova Alina
Published: December 2020

In recent years, special attention has been paid to studying the properties of hydrophobic surfaces of textile materials. The authors provide an overview of the applied textile-processing chemicals and of the methods for imparting hydrophobic properties to textile materials. According to the analysis, it was found that waterand splash-proofing treatment occupies an important place in the finishing processes of textile materials, contributing to a change in their characteristics. The purpose of the research is the development of hydrophobic textile materials for the work clothes production. The aqueous solution based on organosilicon compounds was used for textiles hydrophobization with retention of their performance and hygienic characteristics. The research results of the effect of aqueous solutions based on silane (A-1100 and A-187 trademarks) on the hydrophobic characteristics of textile materials is presented in the article.
Minimizing earthwork volumes by optimizing vertical alignment with linear programming algorithm
Authors: Artun Aytug , Badenko Vladimir , Volkova Yulia , Radaev Anton
Published: December 2020

Earthwork cost is one of the major cost items (approximately 25% of the construction costs) in road construction projects. The amount of earthwork volumes therefore earthwork cost, mostly depends on the geometry of the road vertical alignment. We can conclude that an optimized vertical alignment has a profound impact on earthwork costs. In this research paper, we solve the task connected to the minimization of earthwork cost by optimizing vertical alignment by the development of linear optimization model with different categories of unknown variables including vertical offsets between road and surface in different points as well as extremum points’ numbers. Proposed linear optimization model is supposed to be implemented with application of simplex method as the component of complex branch and bound approach. The developed model has been implemented on the basis of practical example. After the optimization of vertical alignment, earthwork volumes have been calculated in the road design software with average end area volume calculation method. We also have provided numerical results which include earthwork volumes and cost improvements over preliminary design.
Agricultural region development: problems, tax threats, potential
Authors: Murzina E. A. , Shemyakina M S
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of the development of the agro-industrial region. Economic, geopolitical relations, crisis situations, risks of the state and enterprises require the study of methodological support for new functions of tax administration of agribusiness enterprises. The economic security of public law education characterizes the state of the tax system and tax potential, which ensure the sustainable development of the territory. The authors investigated the purpose of tax potential management, one of which is the assessment of the security of the tax territory. For management and assessment, a tree of goals was built, based on the hierarchical principle of presenting promising goals for managing the economy of an agricultural region. The general goal and objectives of two levels are determined. The authors determined that the process of making management decisions to ensure tax security of the territory should consist of five stages. At the same time, the end result of the assessment should be a tax security strategy. A correlation analysis of a number of factors was carried out, among which the formation of the onset of risks and representing the main threat to the tax security of the territory - incomplete provision of tax revenues at all levels of the budget system - was revealed. Calculations were made on the example of the administrative territory of the Russian Federation (Republic of Mari El).
Nutritional status and screening tools to detect nutritional risk in hospitalized patients with hepatic echinococcosis
Authors: Wang Zhan , Xu Jin , Song Ge , Pang MingQuan , Guo Bin , Xu XiaoLei , Wang HaiJiu , Zhou Ying , Ren Li , Zhou Hu , Ma Jie , Fan HaiNing
Published: December 2020

Background: Echinococcosis is a chronic consumptive liver disease. Little research has been carried out on the nutritional status of infected patients, though liver diseases are often associated with malnutrition. Our study investigated four different nutrition screening tools, to assess nutritional risks of hospitalized patients with echinococcosis. Methods: Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002), Short Form of Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), and the Nutrition Risk Index (NRI) were used to assess 164 patients with alveolar echinococcosis (AE) and 232 with cystic echinococcosis (CE). Results were then compared with European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) criteria for malnutrition diagnosis. Results: According to ESPEN standards for malnutrition diagnosis, 29.2% of CE patients and 31.1% of AE patients were malnourished. The malnutrition risk rates for CE and AE patients were as follows: NRS 2002 – 40.3% and 30.7%; MUST – 51.5% and 50.9%; MNA-SF – 46.8% and 44.1%; and NRI – 51.1% and 67.4%. In patients with CE, MNA-SF and NRS 2002 results correlated well with ESPEN results (k = 0.515, 0.496). Area-under-the-curve (AUC) values of MNA-SF and NRS 2002 were 0.803 and 0.776, respectively. For patients with AE, NRS 2002 and MNA-SF results correlated well with ESPEN (k = 0.555, 0.493). AUC values of NRS 2002 and MNA-SF were 0.776 and 0.792, respectively. Conclusion: This study is the first to analyze hospitalized echinococcosis patients based on these nutritional screening tools. Our results suggest that NRS 2002 and MNA-SF are suitable tools for nutritional screening of inpatients with echinococcosis.
COVID-19 : Quelques pistes pour un nouvel environnement d’enseignement et d’apprentissage en contexte de mise à distance des enseignants et des étudiants en médecine
Authors: Feigerlová Eva , Hani Hind , Lopes Rosa , Zuily Stéphane , Braun Marc
Published: December 2020

Contexte et problématique :La pandémie de coronavirus a affecté le système éducatif du monde entier. Les stages cliniques des étudiants en médecine sont majoritairement suspendus. Il existe une incertitude quant à la durée de la situation. De même il est difficile de prédire si des situations comparables vont se reproduire dans le futur. Pour garantir la continuité pédagogique, il est nécessaire de proposer d’autres stratégies pédagogiques en préservant au maximum l’authenticité clinique.Objectifs :Cet article vise à : (1) fournir quelques éléments de réflexion pour guider les enseignants dans ce nouvel environnement d’apprentissage ; (2) présenter différentes modalités d’enseignement à distance disponibles, leurs avantages et les enjeux, en s’appuyant sur la littérature ; (3) illustrer la mise en œuvre et l’évaluation d’une telle stratégie à partir d’un retour d’expérience concernant un module électif offert aux étudiants de deuxième cycle en stage dans le service d’endocrinologie.Résultats et conclusion : Les résultats préliminaires suggèrent une satisfaction globale des étudiants et le souhait de poursuivre ces séances dans le futur. Les enseignants et les étudiants doivent réussir à trouver les avantages et les enjeux potentiels des nouvelles technologies non seulement dans l’enseignement, mais également dans le domaine du diagnostic et celui de soins.
Pandémie COVID-19 : le défi de la responsabilité sociale des facultés de médecine
Authors: Maherzi Ahmed , Ladner Joel , de Rouffignac Ségolène , Boelen Charles , Sylla Cheickna , Gresenguet Gérard , Dumas Jean-Luc
Published: December 2020

Contexte et problématique : Du fait de son ampleur et de sa brutalité, la pandémie COVID-19 interroge les facultés de médecine sur leur préparation et capacité à faire face efficacement à une crise sanitaire. Les leçons à en tirer et les opportunités à saisir pour renforcer la mission de responsabilité sociale des facultés de médecine sont explorées. Exégèse : La pandémie COVID-19 a eu un impact sur la formation médicale en perturbant fortement le fonctionnement académique, elle constitue néanmoins pour la faculté de médecine une opportunité unique dont les leçons doivent être tirées pour mieux se préparer à répondre aux prochains défis de santé, notamment par son anticipation, son engagement, sa solidarité et ses partenariats. Conclusion : La crise sanitaire COVID-19 constitue une expérimentation pour la préparation des équipes décanales, des enseignants, des chercheurs et des étudiants pour adopter une démarche partagée de responsabilité sociale.
Successful privatization of state property: factors and their impact on efficiency
Authors: Khamidulin Mikhail , Rakhimova Dilfuza , Abdullaeva Shakhlo , Ganieva Muyassarhon , Mamatov Bahramjon
Published: December 2020

Successful privatization of state property depends on the investment attractiveness of the objects being sold, as well as the general investment climate of the country and the level of development of the financial infrastructure. In the Republic of Uzbekistan, with the adoption of the Decree of the President of Uzbekistan dated October 27, 2020. № UP- 6096 “On measures to accelerate the reform of enterprises with the participation of the state and the privatization of state assets”, a new stage of privatization of state property began. A significant place in the privatization program is given to the restructuring of state property, improving the efficiency of managing state assets and bringing shares of Uzbek issuers to the world capital markets (IPO). The article examines the degree of influence of an effective corporate governance system and the level of capitalization of the national securities market, contributing to an increase in investment attractiveness and the most effective practical manifestation of the generic advantages of a joint-stock company, ensuring the achievement of the main goal of corporatization - attracting direct investment.
Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the requirements for accounting and analytical support of business
Authors: Chugumbaev Roman , Chugumbaeva Nina
Published: December 2020

This article proposes to get acquainted with a study that, as a first approximation, assesses the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on a shift in emphasis in accounting and analytical work. Economic actors once again found themselves in the conditions of a “new normalcy”, now it is a global coronavirus crisis. Now society and business are faced with new risks, threats, disasters, opportunities, unforeseen consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Of course, the management of the companies is expected to provide the creative solutions, an economically sound strategy or a policy of working in a new environment. The new complex context of decision-making caused by the pandemic needs to keep information and analytical support up to date. Therefore, this article proposes to pay attention to some aspects of information and analytical work that are of particular importance during the period of the impact of the pandemic and its consequences. The list of such aspects includes the mechanisms for ensuring business transparency, the application of stakeholder theory and change management theory, the organization of a systematic business analysis, the concept of social responsibility and ESG criteria. This approach will make it possible to “reveal” the problems caused by the pandemic and its consequences, find the best solutions therefor, implement them correctly and update the business development strategy. The research results based on the analysis of current business needs will help build an adequate system of accounting and analytical support.
Impact of digitalization on the evolution of internal corporate institutions in the northern resource-extraction region
Authors: Islamutdinov Vadim Faruarovich
Published: December 2020

The article examines domestic and foreign sources that study the impact of digitalization on the evolution of intracorporate institutions. Then the state of internal corporate institutions in the northern resource- extracting region - KhMAO-Yugra is considered. The author’s features of the classification of intracorporate institutions are proposed. Institutional traps of intracorporate institutions are identified and described, both all- Russian: the trap of the authoritarianism of the head and the trap of information asymmetry, and specific to Yugra KhMAD: the trap of bureaucracy, the trap of incentive payments and the trap of low unemployment. The influence of digitalization on the evolution of internal corporate institutions in the northern resource-extraction region is shown, including on overcoming old institutional traps and on the emergence of the new ones: the trap of ease of interaction and the trap of trust in the algorithms. The impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the pace of digitalization of internal corporate institutions in -Yugra KhMAD, which lags behind the global ones, was especially noted.
Technology for monitoring industrial enterprises by the level of economic security
Authors: Karanina Elena , Maksimova Nataliya , Kazantsev Vyacheslav
Published: December 2020

This article discusses the technology of monitoring industrial enterprises by the level of economic security. The problem of the financial crisis is a global problem. To get out of this state, it is necessary to monitor, review the management system and assess the level of economic security of the enterprise. The state and development of the industrial brunch is very important for the economy. In modern realities, the industrial enterprise is considered as a complex economic system, within which various processes are managed, among which an important place is occupied by innovative development. In the process of monitoring, it is necessary to pay sufficient attention to the target orientation and selection of evaluation indicators. To monitor light industry enterprises by the level of economic security, it is advisable to use economic and statistical methods. In the framework of this research the task is solved by the method of multidimensional statistical comparison. The reference values of the level of economic security have been determined and the rating of industrial enterprises of the North-West region has been determined.
Outcomes after Emergency Admission with a Diabetic Foot Attack Indicate a High Rate of Healing and Limb Salvage But Increased Mortality: 18-Month Follow-up Study
Authors: Vainieri Erika , Ahluwalia Raju , Slim Hani , Walton Daina , Manu Chris , Taori Surabhi , Wilkins Jason , Huang Dean Y. , Edmonds Mike , Rashid Hisham , Kavarthapu Venu , Vas Prashanth R J
Published: December 2020

Aim The diabetic foot attack (DFA) is perhaps the most devastating
form of diabetic foot infection, presenting with rapidly progressive skin
and tissue necrosis, threatening both limb and life. However, clinical
outcome data in this specific group of patients are not
available.

Methods Analysis of 106 consecutive patients who underwent emergency
hospitalisation for DFA (TEXAS Grade 3B or 3D and Infectious Diseases
Society of America (IDSA) Class 4 criteria). Outcomes evaluated were: 1)
Healing 2) major amputation 3) death 4) not healed. The first outcome
reached in one of these four categories over the follow-up period
(18.4±3.6 months) was considered. We also estimated amputation free
survival.

Results Overall, 57.5% (n=61) healed, 5.6%
(n=6) underwent major amputation, 23.5% (n=25) died
without healing and 13.2% (n=14) were alive without healing.
Predictive factors associated with outcomes were: Healing (age<60,
p=0.0017; no Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) p= 0.002; not
on dialysis p=0.006); major amputation (CRP>100
mg/L, p=0.001; gram+ve organisms, p=0.0013;
dialysis, p= 0.001), and for death (age>60, p=
0.0001; gram+ve organisms p=0.004; presence of PAD,
p=0.0032; CRP, p=0.034). The major amputation free survival
was 71% during the first 12 months from admission, however it had
reduced to 55.4% by the end of the follow-up period.

Conclusions In a unique population of hospitalised individuals with
DFA, we report excellent healing and limb salvage rates using a dedicated
protocol in a multidisciplinary setting. An additional novel finding was the
concerning observation that such an admission was associated with high
18-month mortality, almost all of which was after discharge from
hospital.