bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
University Students’ Experience of a Digital Fashion Exhibition: Engagement, Embodiment, and Object-Based Learning
Authors: Smith-Glaviana Dina
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this research was to understand students’ experiences viewing a digital narrated video tour of a physical fashion exhibition and evaluate its effectiveness using the constructivist learning perspective as it applies to museum learning. Formally written responses to an open-ended qualitative survey from 62 students were analyzed using a transcendental phenomenological approach. The digital tour offered an effective online object-based learning experience that enhanced students’ understanding of the impact of cultural influences on fashion changes and helped them identify changes in fashion design. The digital tour was also engaging and allowed students to construct their own knowledge and take something meaningful from the exhibition, which contributed to its effectiveness. Best practices for designing digital tours of physical fashion exhibitions were developed and included fostering multisensory engagement, providing viewers’ time for observation and reflection, and including multiple views and close-ups of garments.
Reconsidering Patient Value to Create Better Healthcare
Authors: Almunawar Mohammad Nabil , Anshari Muhammad , Rosdi Nabilah Binti Datuk Mohd , Kisa Adnan , Younis Mustafa
Published: March 2023

Healthcare can be seen as a value shop, in which solutions to health problems are offered in exchange for valuable contributions. However, the full value exchange between the healthcare provider and the patient is not always apparent. The value shop concept runs the risk of considering only what the patient pays (i.e., money, either paid by the patient or reimbursed by the government) while ignoring another important value, data. Yet without this data, the patient’s problem cannot be solved. This article offers a new paradigm in which a health provider can deliver better value by integrating all dimensions of the provider’s and patient’s value.
The effectiveness of dialectical behavior group therapy on stress, depression, and cognitive emotion regulation in mothers of intellectually disabled students: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Shareh Hossein , Yazdanian Mina
Published: March 2023

Introduction

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of dialectical behavior group therapy (DBGT) regarding stress, depression, and cognitive emotion regulation in mothers of intellectually disabled students.

Material and methods

This was an experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population included 133 mothers with intellectually disabled children divided into wait-list control and experimental groups. Then, DBGT was performed on the treatment subjects. Data collection tools included the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale, Clinical Global Improvement Scale, Client Satisfaction Questionnaire, and Working Alliance Inventory-Short Form. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

A significant difference in depression, stress, and cognitive emotion regulation was observed between the intervention and control groups ( p < 0.001). In the post-test, the adjusted mean of depression and stress in the intervention group showed a significant decrease compared to the control group mothers. Also, cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression, and total cognitive emotion regulation scores increased following DBGT. Participants in DBGT had a good therapeutic relationship, were satisfied with the treatment, and showed notable improvements.

Conclusion

The results indicated that DBGT might affect stress, depression, and cognitive emotion regulation in mothers of intellectually disabled students.
“Despite everything, love”: Commemorative journalism and the rereading of the critical rereading of the Israeli past
Authors: Yusufov Danielle , Meyers Oren
Published: March 2023

This study examined how commemorative journalism shapes collective memory by exploring 18 supplements and special projects commemorating Israel’s 70th anniversary. The research questions focused on three central narrative characteristics of journalism: protagonists, plots, and narrators. Our examination revealed the ways in which those located at the fringes of the ethnic-national community were excluded from these journalistic narratives, conveying mostly a tale of Israeli strength, narrated mostly by Jewish men. We maintain that the current dominant memory version narrated by the supplements reflects a withdrawal from and rejection of recent, more critical journalistic readings of the Israeli past. This conscious return to older, hegemonic patterns of narration of the national past could be understood within the context of two central conditions, shaping the construction of Israeli reality over the past two decades: the growing dominance of the political Right and changes in Israel’s media map.
Holding on or letting go: Inheritance as a liminal experience
Authors: Wells Victoria K. , Carrigan Marylyn , Athwal Navdeep
Published: March 2023

Marketing and consumer research has drawn attention to life transitions as critical sites of consumption but has insufficiently explored bereavement, a universal life transition that can involve (un)wanted inheritance, initiating a potential cycle of retention, reimagining or disposal. Life transitions represent potentially transformative moments of consumption when individual consumption can be more positively redirected towards sustainable choices. Using semi-structured interviews and qualitative data, this study critically investigates the cycle of inheritance consumption, informed by Evans’ understanding of consumption with an emphasis on both acquisition and disposal. The study uncovers three liminal stages: separation and detachment; instability, ambiguity and prolonged liminality; and stability and completeness. First, we expand the scope of empirical consumer research by conceptualising inheritance as liminal. Second, we illuminate the inheritance consumption cycle, showing liminal inheritance stages are critical transition moments that trigger complex positive and negative emotional responses, with implications for whether goods remain suspended or pass into further utility. Finally, we extend liminality theory by conceptualising bereavement as a liminal life transition, and call for researchers to study inheritance beyond acquisition, since how inherited goods are retained or divested in liminal moments can have implications for sustainability and may provide opportunities to steer more responsible and fulfilling consumption with an emphasis on limits rather than excess.
Using Reddit as a Source for Recruiting Participants for In-Depth and Phenomenological Research
Authors: Zapcic Ian , Fabbri Megan , Karandikar Sharvari
Published: March 2023

The website Reddit has been noted as a fertile space for researchers due to its large user base and collection of distinctive communities. Reddit communities may be encouraging areas for specialized participant recruitment, though there is currently a lack of literature integrating Reddit into qualitative research participant identification and recruitment. This paper examines unique challenges and opportunities associated with using Reddit for sampling in-depth, qualitative research designs. Using a case example of a qualitative study which recruited from Reddit, the paper offers insight into what social scientists may expect to experience if attempting this form of recruitment. Reddit can potentially offer contact with hard-to-reach populations, and using it for recruitment may broaden the quality of qualitative data if sourced in ways which are ethical and conform to the tolerated standards of the specific communities being sampled.
Modern treatment of a Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome patient with Palma procedure
Authors: Tatakis Anna , Bowder Alexis , Fraser Simon , Hohenwalter Eric , Malinowski Michael
Published: March 2023

Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly that is associated with abnormalities in the deep venous system. Operative intervention is often used only when patients fail conservative management for chronic venous insufficiency. We present a case of a deep venous abnormality requiring a saphenous vein crossover Palma procedure, in combination with a left femoral arteriovenous PTFE fistula to manage a non-healing wound from chronic venous insufficiency in a 22-year-old man. This case highlights updates for modern treatment tips for technical and medical management decisions to avoid early graft thrombosis.
Predicting response to CGRP-monoclonal antibodies in patients with migraine in Japan: a single-centre retrospective observational study
Authors: Ihara Keiko , Ohtani Seiya , Watanabe Narumi , Takahashi Nobuyuki , Miyazaki Naoki , Ishizuchi Kei , Hori Satoko , Takemura Ryo , Nakahara Jin , Takizawa Tsubasa
Published: March 2023

Background

Anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies (CGRPmAbs) are a favourable option for patients with migraine who experience distressful headache disability and fail to respond to traditional preventive treatment options. However, since CGRPmAb has been available for only 2 years in Japan, the difference between good and poor responders remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with migraine in Japan who responded well to CGRPmAb based on real-world data.

Methods

We analysed patients who visited Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, between the 12th of August 2021 and 31st of August 2022, and were prescribed one of three CGRPmAbs (erenumab, galcanezumab, and fremanezumab) for more than 3 months. We recorded the patients’ basic migraine characteristics, such as pain quality, monthly migraine days (MMD)/monthly headache days (MHD), and the number of prior treatment failures. We defined good responders as patients whose MMDs decreased by more than 50% after 3 months of treatment and other patients as poor responders. We compared the baseline migraine characteristics between the two groups and performed logistic regression analysis based on the items that showed statistically significant differences.

Results

In total, 101 patients were considered eligible for the responder analysis (galcanezumab: 57 (56%), fremanezumab: 31 (31%), and erenumab: 13 (13%)). After 3 months of treatment, 55 (54%) patients achieved ≥ 50% reduction in MMDs. Comparisons between ≥ 50% responders and non-responders revealed that age was significantly higher (p = 0.003), and MHD and total prior treatment failures were significantly lower (p = 0.027, 0.040, respectively), in responders than in non-responders. Age was a positive predictive factor, and the total number of prior treatment failures and past medical history of immuno-rheumatologic diseases were negative predictive factors of CGRPmAb responsiveness in Japanese patients with migraine.

Conclusions

Patients with migraine who are older, with fewer prior treatment failures and no past history of immuno-rheumatologic disease, may respond well to CGRPmAbs.
Smart port: a systematic literature review
Authors: Belmoukari Basma , Audy Jean-François , Forget Pascal
Published: March 2023

Considered an essential link in the logistics chain, the port has undergone various restructurings and evolutions throughout generations. Many economic, socioeconomic, political, and environmental factors require ports to move towards digitalization and sustainability. To this end, ports are required to change into smart ports that align with new Industry 4.0 practices to ensure their sustainability. This study proposes a systematic review of the literature on the emerging smart port concept to continue the work started by Buiza et al. and Molavi et al., aiming at a broader and comprehensive understanding of the smart port concept by business domain to fill this gap in literature. This research proposes 11 smart port characteristics grouped into 7 business domains. A definition is also proposed to update the concept.
Survival analysis and individualized prediction of survival benefit for pancreatic signet ring cell carcinoma: a population study based on the SEER database
Authors: Nie Duorui , Yang Jing , Zheng Hao , Lai Guihua , Wang Fei , Cao Jianxiong , Gong Chun
Published: March 2023

Objectives

This study aimed to compare the incidence, clinicopathological characteristics and survival results of pancreatic signet ring cell carcinoma (PSRCC) and pancreatic adenocarcinomas (PDAC), as well as to analyze the clinical characteristics related to the overall survival (OS) of PSRCC, and to establish an effective prognostic nomogram to predict the risks associated with patient outcomes.

Methods

A total of 85,288 eligible patients including 425 PSRCC and 84,863 PDAC cases were retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The survival curve was calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and differences in them were measured by Log-rank tests. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to identify independent predictors of OS in patients with PSRCC. A nomogram was constructed to predict 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS. The performance of the nomogram was measured by C-index, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results

The incidence of PSRCC is much lower than that of PDAC (10.798 V.S. 0.349 per millions). PSRCC is an independent predictor of pancreatic cancer with a poorer histological grade, a higher rate of lymph node and distant metastasis, and a poorer prognosis. We identified four independent prognostic factors including grade, American Joint Committee on Cancer Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage, surgery and chemotherapy based on the Cox regression model. The C-index and DCA curves showed better performance of the nomogram than TNM stage. ROC curve analysis also showed that the nomogram had good discrimination, with an area under the curve of 0.840, 0.896, and 0.923 for 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival. The calibration curves showed good agreement between the prediction by the nomogram and actual observations.

Conclusion

PSRCC is a rare but fatal subtype of pancreatic cancer. The constructed nomogram in this study accurately predicted the prognosis of PSRCC, performed better than the TNM stage.
Impacts of neoadjuvant therapy on the number of dissected lymph nodes in esophagogastric junction cancer patients
Authors: Wang Qi , Ge Jin-tong , Wu Hua , Zhong Sheng , Wu Qing-quan
Published: March 2023

Background

Neoadjuvant therapy favors the prognosis of various cancers, including esophagogastric junction cancer (EGC). However, the impacts of neoadjuvant therapy on the number of dissected lymph nodes (LNs) have not yet been evaluated in EGC.

Methods

We selected EGC patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (2006–2017). The optimal number of resected LNs was determined using X-tile software. Overall survival (OS) curves were plotted with the Kaplan–Meier method. Prognostic factors were evaluated using univariate and multivariate COX regression analyses.

Results

Neoadjuvant radiotherapy significantly decreased the mean number of LN examination compared to the mean number of patients without neoadjuvant therapy (12.2 vs. 17.5, P = 0.003). The mean LN number of patients with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy was 16.3, which was also statistically lower than 17.5 (P = 0.001). In contrast, neoadjuvant chemotherapy caused a significant increase in the number of dissected LNs (21.0, P < 0.001). For patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the optimal cutoff value was 19. Patients with > 19 LNs had a better prognosis than those with 1–19 LNs (P < 0.05). For patients with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, the optimal cutoff value was 9. Patients with  > 9 LNs had a better prognosis than those with 1–9 LNs (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy decreased the number of dissected LNs, while neoadjuvant chemotherapy increased it in EGC patients. Hence, at least 10 LNs should be dissected for neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and 20 for neoadjuvant chemotherapy, which could be applied in clinical practice.
Inpatients in substance use treatment with co-occurring psychiatric disorders: a prospective cohort study of characteristics and relapse predictors
Authors: Andersson Helle Wessel , Mosti Mats P. , Nordfjaern Trond
Published: March 2023

Background

The characteristics of substance use disorder (SUD) inpatients with co-occurring psychiatric disorders (COD) have been scantly described in the extant literature. This study investigated psychological, demographic and substance use characteristics in these patients, along with predictors of relapse 3 months post-treatment.

Methods

Prospective data from a cohort of 611 inpatients were analyzed for demographics, motivation, mental distress, SUD diagnosis, psychiatric diagnoses (ICD-10) and relapse rate at 3 months post-treatment (retention rate = 70%).

Results

Compared to patients without COD (n = 322), those with COD (n = 289) were younger, had higher mental distress, lower education and higher likelihood of no permanent residence. The relapse rate was also higher in patients with COD (39.8%) relative to patients without COD (26.4%) (OR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.23–2.78). The relapse rate was particularly high for patients with COD who were diagnosed with cannabis use disorder (53.3%). Multivariate analysis revealed that among patients with COD, relapse was more likely for individuals with a cannabis use disorder (OR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.34-4.00), and less likely for older ages (OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94-1.00), females (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.33–0.98) and for those with higher intrinsic motivation (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.42–0.81).

Conclusion

This study showed that among SUD inpatients, those with COD had relatively persistent high levels of mental distress and an increased risk of relapse. Enhanced measures aimed at COD patients’ mental health problems during the inpatient stay, along with close and personalized follow-up after discharge from residential SUD treatment may reduce the probability of relapse in this group.
Associations of genetic markers of diabetes mellitus with carotid atherosclerosis: a community-based case–control study
Authors: Wu Tzu-Wei , Chou Chao-Liang , Cheng Chun-Fang , Lu Shu-Xin , Wu Yih-Jer , Wang Li-Yu
Published: March 2023

Background

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a well-established determinant of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Recently, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified several single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) significantly correlated with DM. The study aimed to explore the relationships of the top significant DM SNPs with carotid atherosclerosis (CA).

Methods

We used a case–control design and randomly selected 309 cases and 439 controls with and without, respectively, carotid plaque (CP) from a community-based cohort. Eight recent GWAS on DM in East Asians reported hundreds of SNPs with genome-wide significance. The study used the top significant DM SNPs, with a p-value < 10–16, as the candidate genetic markers of CA. The independent effects of these DM SNPs on CA were assessed by multivariable logistic regression analyses to control the effects of conventional cardio-metabolic risk factors.

Results

Multivariable analyses showed that, 9 SNPs, including rs4712524, rs1150777, rs10842993, rs2858980, rs9583907, rs1077476, rs7180016, rs4383154, and rs9937354, showed promising associations with the presence of carotid plaque (CP). Among them, rs9937354, rs10842993, rs7180016, and rs4383154 showed significantly independent effects. The means (SD) of the 9-locus genetic risk score (9-GRS) of CP-positive and -negative subjects were 9.19 (1.53) and 8.62 (1.63), respectively (p < 0.001). The corresponding values of 4-locus GRS (4-GRS) were 4.02 (0.81) and. 3.78 (0.92), respectively (p < 0.001). The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio of having CP for per 1.0 increase in 9-GRS and 4-GRS were 1.30 (95% CI 1.18–1.44; p = 4.7 × 10–7) and 1.47 (95% CI 1.74–9.40; p = 6.1 × 10–5), respectively. The means of multi-locus GRSs of DM patients were similar to those of CP-positive subjects and higher than those of CP-negative or DM-negative subjects.

Conclusions

We identified 9 DM SNPs showing promising associations with CP. The multi-locus GRSs may be used as biomarkers for the identification and prediction of high-risks subjects for atherosclerosis and atherosclerotic diseases. Future studies on these specific SNPs and their associated genes may provide valuable information for the preventions of DM and atherosclerosis.
Mental health outcomes and quality of life of Ukrainian refugees in Germany
Authors: Buchcik Johanna , Kovach Viktoriia , Adedeji Adekunle
Published: March 2023

The war in Ukraine has generated an increase in the number of refugees. As one of the top recipients of refugees, Germany has introduced policies to ease the integration of Ukrainians. The current study explores mental health outcomes and their association with quality of life among a sample of Ukrainian refugees in Germany. Cross-sectional data were collected from a sample of Ukrainian refugees in Germany (n = 304) using standardised instruments. A t-test was used to check for possible significant differences based on gender. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyse potential associations between general health (GHQ-12) and depressive symptoms and anxiety (PHQ-4), and quality of life (EUROHIS-QOL 8 item). Female participants reported significantly higher psychological distress, depressive symptoms and anxiety. The significant model (p < .001) for the males accounts for 33.6% of the variance in quality of life. General psychological distress (β = − .240) and depressive symptoms and anxiety (β = − .411) are associated with decreased quality of life. For the female sample (p < .001), the model explains 35.7% of the variance in quality of life. General psychological distress (β = − .402) and depressive symptoms and anxiety (β = − .261) are associated with decreased quality of life. The current study provides the first knowledge on the prevalence of mental health problems and their associations with quality of life among Ukrainian refugees. The findings further identify the vulnerability of women refugees to poorer mental health outcomes. The results also confirm that traumatic experiences in the context of war explain a considerable bulk of mental health problems.
IL-33-mediated activation of mast cells is involved in the progression of imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis
Authors: Zhou Xuyue , Hu Yu , Liu Lingxi , Liu Lihao , Chen Hongying , Huang Dan , Ju Mei , Luan Chao , Chen Kun , Zhang Jiaan
Published: March 2023

Background

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis with an unclear pathogenesis. Mast cells (MCs) can serve as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity and are involved in the regulation of the inflammatory state and immune homeostasis in diseases. MCs constitutively express interleukin-33 receptor T1/ST2 (IL-33R). IL-33 is a potent MCs activator that is actively secreted by keratinocytes in psoriasis. However, the regulatory role of MCs in psoriasis remains uncertain. Therefore, we hypothesised that IL-33 could promote MC activation to regulate psoriasis development.

Methods

We performed experiments on wild-type (WT) and MC-deficient (Kit Wsh/Wsh) mice, established psoriasis-like mouse models using imiquimod (IMQ), and performed RNA sequencing and transcriptomic analysis of skin lesions. Exogenous administration was performed using recombinant IL-33. Validation and evaluation were performed using PSI scoring, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and qPCR.

Results

We observed an upregulation in the number and activation of MCs in patients with psoriasis and in IMQ-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis. Deficiency of MCs ameliorates IMQ-induced psoriatic dermatitis at an early stage. IL-33 is increased and co-localized with MCs in the dermis of psoriasis-like lesions using immunofluorescence. Compared to WT mice, IMQ-induced KitWsh/Wsh mice demonstrated a delayed response to exogenous IL-33.

Conclusions

MCs are activated by IL-33 in the early stages of psoriasis and exacerbate psoriasis-associated skin inflammation. The regulation of MC homeostasis may be a potential therapeutic strategy for psoriasis.
The recovery of upper limb function and postoperative pain in children with lateral humeral condyle fractures were examined retrospectively in relation to the effects of brachial plexus block given in conjunction with general anesthesia
Authors: Li Fan , Yang Qiao , Yi Jinrong , Chen Aiqiong
Published: March 2023

Objective

To assess in retrospect the effects of brachial plexus block and general anesthesia on children with lateral humeral condyle fractures in terms of postoperative pain and return of upper limb function.

Methods

Randomly allocated to either the control group (n = 51) or the study group (n = 55) were children with lateral humeral condyle fractures who were admitted to our hospital between October 2020 and October 2021, depending on the surgical anesthetic technique used. The research group had internal fixation surgery with brachial plexus block in addition to anesthesia on the basis of the control group, whereas both groups of children underwent the procedure with general anesthesia alone. Postoperative pain degree, upper extremity functional recovery, occurrence of adverse reactions, etc.

Results

The study group had shorter mean times for surgery, anesthesia, propofol dose, return to consciousness, and extubation than the control group did at every measure of statistical significance. The T2 heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were both significantly lower than the pre-anesthesia HR and MAP, and the T1, T2, and T3 HR and MAP were all significantly lower in the study group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The difference between the SpO2 values at T0 and T3 was not statistically significant (P > 0.05); the VAS scores at 4 h, 12 h, and 48 h after surgery were higher than those at 2 h after surgery, and reached the peak at 4 h after surgery; within 2 h, 4 h, and 12 h of surgery At 48 h, the study group had substantially lower VAS ratings than the control group (P < 0.05). Post-treatment Fugl–Meyer scale scores were considerably higher across the board compared to pre-treatment levels in both groups. When compared to the control group, individuals who participated in the flexion-stretching coordinated exercise and the separation exercise had significantly better ratings. Electrocardiogram, blood pressure, respiratory circulation, and hemodynamic parameters all remained within normal limits during the surgical procedure. The study group had a 9.09% reduced incidence of adverse events compared to the control group. 19.61% (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

When used in conjunction with general anesthesia, brachial plexus block can help children with lateral humeral condyle fractures regulate perioperative signs, maintain their hemodynamic level, lessen postoperative pain and unpleasant reactions, and improve the function of their upper limbs. Functional recovery, with high safety and effectiveness.
Inflammasome activation under high cholesterol load triggers a protective microglial phenotype while promoting neuronal pyroptosis
Authors: de Dios Cristina , Abadin Xenia , Roca-Agujetas Vicente , Jimenez-Martinez Marina , Morales Albert , Trullas Ramon , Mari Montserrat , Colell Anna
Published: March 2023

Background

Persistent inflammatory response in the brain can lead to tissue damage and neurodegeneration. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), there is an aberrant activation of inflammasomes, molecular platforms that drive inflammation through caspase-1-mediated proteolytic cleavage of proinflammatory cytokines and gasdermin D (GSDMD), the executor of pyroptosis. However, the mechanisms underlying the sustained activation of inflammasomes in AD are largely unknown. We have previously shown that high brain cholesterol levels promote amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation and oxidative stress. Here, we investigate whether these cholesterol-mediated changes may regulate the inflammasome pathway.

Methods

SIM-A9 microglia and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were cholesterol-enriched using a water-soluble cholesterol complex. After exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus muramyl dipeptide or Aβ, activation of the inflammasome pathway was analyzed by immunofluorescence, ELISA and immunoblotting analysis. Fluorescently-labeled Aβ was employed to monitor changes in microglia phagocytosis. Conditioned medium was used to study how microglia-neuron interrelationship modulates the inflammasome-mediated response.

Results

In activated microglia, cholesterol enrichment promoted the release of encapsulated IL-1β accompanied by a switch to a more neuroprotective phenotype, with increased phagocytic capacity and release of neurotrophic factors. In contrast, in SH-SY5Y cells, high cholesterol levels stimulated inflammasome assembly triggered by both bacterial toxins and Aβ peptides, resulting in GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis. Glutathione (GSH) ethyl ester treatment, which recovered the cholesterol-mediated depletion of mitochondrial GSH levels, significantly reduced the Aβ-induced oxidative stress in the neuronal cells, resulting in lower inflammasome activation and cell death. Furthermore, using conditioned media, we showed that neuronal pyroptosis affects the function of the cholesterol-enriched microglia, lowering its phagocytic activity and, therefore, the ability to degrade extracellular Aβ.

Conclusions

Changes in intracellular cholesterol levels differentially regulate the inflammasome-mediated immune response in microglia and neuronal cells. Given the microglia-neuron cross-talk in the brain, cholesterol modulation should be considered a potential therapeutic target for AD treatment, which may help to block the aberrant and chronic inflammation observed during the disease progression.
Investigating the Effect of Bending on the Seismic Performance of Hollow-Core Flooring
Authors: Sarkis Ana I. , Sullivan Timothy J. , Brunesi Emanuele , Nascimbene Roberto
Published: March 2023

Even if precast pre-stressed hollow-core (PPHC) slabs are usually designed as simply supported elements, continuity with the supporting beam may exist when constructed together with a reinforced concrete topping and continuity reinforcing bars. During an earthquake (and possibly other lateral load), this continuity may result in bending moments being induced close to the supports as the buildings sway laterally. The response of precast floors to earthquake-induced demands has been addressed by past research. However, further investigation is required to improve understanding of several aspects of precast floor behaviour either revealed or emphasized by recent earthquakes in New Zealand. This paper proposes a mechanics-based modelling approach for the analysis of PPHC slab-to-beam seating connections. The model has been calibrated against existing test data to predict the failure of a PPHC slab under negative bending moments. The numerical outcomes allow comparison of the moment–drift response, principal tensile stresses, and crack progression during loading. The developed modelling approach will allow future studies to exhaustively investigate all aspects of precast floor behaviour by varying the properties and geometry of the PPHC seating connection.
Learning analytics in virtual laboratories: a systematic literature review of empirical research
Authors: Elmoazen Ramy , Saqr Mohammed , Khalil Mohammad , Wasson Barbara
Published: March 2023

Remote learning has advanced from the theoretical to the practical sciences with the advent of virtual labs. Although virtual labs allow students to conduct their experiments remotely, it is a challenge to evaluate student progress and collaboration using learning analytics. So far, a study that systematically synthesizes the status of research on virtual laboratories and learning analytics does not exist, which is a gap our study aimed to fill. This study aimed to synthesize the empirical research on learning analytics in virtual labs by conducting a systematic review. We reviewed 21 articles that were published between 2015 and 2021. The results of the study showed that 48% of studies were conducted in higher education, with the main focus on the medical field. There is a wide range of virtual lab platforms, and most of the learning analytics used in the reviewed articles were derived from student log files for students’ actions. Learning analytics was utilized to measure the performance, activities, perception, and behavior of students in virtual labs. The studies cover a wide variety of research domains, platforms, and analytical approaches. Therefore, the landscape of platforms and applications is fragmented, small-scale, and exploratory, and has thus far not tapped into the potential of learning analytics to support learning and teaching. Therefore, educators may need to find common standards, protocols, or platforms to build on each others’ findings and advance our knowledge.
Responses of soil organic and inorganic carbon to organic and phosphorus fertilization in a saline − alkaline paddy field
Authors: Wang Xiujun , Zheng Haonan , Wu Lipeng , Ding Xiaodong , Lu Tongping
Published: March 2023

There is evidence of increased soil organic carbon (SOC) and inorganic carbon (SIC) under fertilization in dry croplands of arid and semi-arid areas. However, not much is known about the responses of SOC and SIC in coastal saline − alkaline paddy soils that undergo flooding − draining cycles. Here, we assess the impacts of various combinations of organic and phosphorus fertilization on SOC and SIC and other soil properties in a saline − alkaline paddy field of the Yellow River Delta. Our study showed that organic fertilization resulted in an increase of SOC by 11.9% over 0 − 20 cm and 13.3% over 20 − 100 cm (i.e., 140 − 250 g C m−2y−1 over 0 − 100 cm) whereas phosphorus fertilization only led to a significant increase of SOC in subsoils (or ~ 75 g C m−2y−1 over 0 − 100 cm). There were little differences in SIC over 0 − 20 cm among the treatments; but SIC showed a significant decrease over 20 − 100 cm under organic fertilization combined with lower rate of phosphorus fertilization. However, high rate of phosphorus fertilization combined with organic amendment led to an increase in SIC stock, but a decrease in SOC stock in the subsoil. There was a significant negative relationship between SIC and SOC stocks in this paddy soil. This study demonstrated that fertilization practices could have complex influences on SOC and SIC in saline − alkaline paddy fields due to the flooding − draining cycles that lead to changes in soil conditions.
Simulation device for shoulder reductions: overview of prototyping, testing, and design instructions
Authors: Taneja Sorab , Tenpas Will , Jain Mehul , Alfonsi Peter , Ratagiri Abhinav , Saterbak Ann , Theiling Jason
Published: March 2023

Background

Shoulder dislocations are common occurrences, yet there are few simulation devices to train medical personnel on how to reduce these dislocations. Reductions require a familiarity with the shoulder and a nuanced motion against strong muscle tension. The goal of this work is to describe the design of an easily replicated, low-cost simulator for training shoulder reductions.

Materials and methods

An iterative, stepwise engineering design process was used to design and implement ReducTrain. A needs analysis with clinical experts led to the selection of the traction-countertraction and external rotation methods as educationally relevant techniques to include. A set of design requirements and acceptance criteria was established that considered durability, assembly time, and cost. An iterative prototyping development process was used to meet the acceptance criteria. Testing protocols for each design requirement are also presented. Step-by-step instructions are provided to allow the replication of ReducTrain from easily sourced materials, including plywood, resistance bands, dowels, and various fasteners, as well as a 3D-printed shoulder model, whose printable file is included at a link in the Additional file 1: Appendix.

Results

A description of the final model is given. The total cost for all materials for one ReducTrain model is under US $200, and it takes about 3 h and 20 min to assemble. Based on repetitive testing, the device should not see any noticeable changes in durability after 1000 uses but may exhibit some changes in resistance band strength after 2000 uses.

Discussion

The ReducTrain device fills a gap in emergency medicine and orthopedic simulation. Its wide variety of uses points to its utility in several instructional formats. With the rise of makerspaces and public workshops, the construction of the device can be easily completed. While the device has some limitations, its robust design allows for simple upkeep and a customizable training experience.

Conclusion

A simplified anatomical design allows for the ReducTrain model to serve as a viable training device for shoulder reductions.
Urban-Rural and Socioeconomic Differences in Patient Knowledge and Perceptions of Genomic Tumor Testing
Authors: DiBiase Jessica F. , Scharnetzki Elizabeth , Edelman Emily , Lucas F. Lee , Helbig Petra , Rueter Jens , Han Paul K.J. , Ziller Erika , Jacobs Elizabeth A. , Anderson Eric C. ,   MCGI Working Group
Published: March 2023

PURPOSE

Social determinants of health, such as rurality, income, and education, may widen health disparities by driving variation in patients' knowledge and perceptions of medical interventions. This effect may be greatest for medical technologies that are hard to understand and less accessible. This study explored whether knowledge and perceptions (expectations and attitudes) of patients with cancer toward large-panel genomic tumor testing (GTT), an emerging cancer technology, vary by patient rurality independent of other socioeconomic characteristics (education and income).

METHODS

Patients with cancer enrolled in a large precision oncology initiative completed surveys measuring rurality, sociodemographic characteristics, and knowledge and perceptions of GTT. We used multivariable linear models to examine differences in GTT knowledge, expectations, and attitudes by patient rurality, education, and income level. Models controlled for age, sex and clinical cancer stage and type.

RESULTS

Rural patients had significantly lower knowledge of GTT than urban patients using bivariate models ( P = .025). However, this association disappeared when adjusting for education and income level: patients with lower educational attainment and lower income had lower knowledge and higher expectations ( P ≤ .002), whereas patients with higher income had more positive attitudes ( P = .005). Urban patients had higher expectations of GTT compared with patients living in large rural areas ( P = .011). Rurality was not associated with attitudes.

CONCLUSION

Patients' education and income level are associated with knowledge, expectations, and attitudes toward GTT, whereas rurality is associated with patient expectations. These findings suggest that efforts to promote adoption of GTT should focus on improving knowledge and awareness among individuals with low education and income. These differences may lead to downstream disparities in GTT utilization, which should be explored in future research.
Basics of organizing work with young people
Authors: Voloskov Igor' , Mihaylov V.V. , Afanas'ev V.V. , Ananishnev V.M.
Published: March 2023

The textbook discusses the basic concepts of the organization of work with youth, the features of the social development of this category of the population in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods, the risks of social development of youth, its reaction to socio-political reforms and social processes, ways to rationalize the social development of youth. To support the main conclusions made by the author of the work, extensive material of the results of sociological surveys is used.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is recommended to students studying in the areas of training "State and municipal administration", "Organization of work with youth".
Pedagogy. Family and school. A handbook for teachers and parents
Authors: TURBOVSKOY Yakov , Grigorovich Lyubov' , Kostina Anna
Published: March 2023

The practical manual allows methodologists to improve the professional readiness of each teacher. The main feature of the manual is that it reveals the opportunity for every young teacher or parents to purposefully use the sensitive capabilities of the child, which allows them to actively perform the leading function of pedagogical science, achieving the desired result. Thus, the manual allows each parent and educator to meaningfully carry out their interaction with the born baby, organically combining practical activities and its theoretical justification.
It is addressed to young teachers and students of pedagogical universities and institutions of secondary vocational education, as well as parents engaged in the upbringing of their children, starting from the moment of the child's birth.
Implementation of cadastral relations
Authors: Lipski Stanislav , Sizov Aleksandr , Cypkin Yuriy
Published: March 2023

The textbook examines how the development of cadastral relations took place in our country and abroad, which related cadastres and registers interacting with the unified state Register of Real estate (EGRN) are currently being conducted, how these relations are regulated in the norms of current legislation, what is the status, structure and principles of maintaining the EGRN, how its information is provided and how it is corrected errors in his records. The issues related to the cadastral registration of real estate objects and the registration of rights to them, the system of bodies and persons entrusted with their implementation, the status of cadastral engineers and the specifics of their work, the cadastral assessment, as well as liability for offenses in this area are disclosed.
The study of the material presented in the manual will allow you to master the competencies provided for by the relevant federal state educational standards of secondary vocational education of the last generation, and will ensure the formation of a systematic perception of cadastral relations among students.
For college students studying in the specialty 21.02.05 "Land and property relations".
Historical portraits of the American Revolution of the XVIII century
Authors: Filimonova Mariya , Romanov Vladimir , Troickaya Larisa
Published: March 2023

The monograph is dedicated to the outstanding people of the XVIII century (the age of Reason, the age of Enlightenment) — the "founding fathers" of the United States, who tried to bring the ideas of Enlightenment to life, created the American state, developed the oldest of the existing written constitutions and fought for its ratification. Out of their conflicts and compromises grew the political culture of early America.
It is intended for American historians, researchers, teachers of higher and secondary schools, students, bachelors, masters and postgraduates, as well as anyone interested in the problems of US history.
The concept of the family in the works of I.S.Turgenev. A family man or a wanderer?
Authors: Kurbakova Marina , Voropaev Vladimir , Krinicyn Aleksandr
Published: March 2023

The monograph examines the problem of the family and the peculiar interpretation of the theme of childhood in the works of I.S. Turgenev, starting with the first poem "Parasha" and ending with the novel "Nov" and poems in prose. The analysis of the works was carried out taking into account new biographical data and the epistolary heritage of the writer. Such essential features of I.S. Turgenev's creativity as the role of life realities in his works, the typology of heroes, the structure of works and some features of their poetics are highlighted in a new way. It turns out what influence the facts of the biography, personality traits, views and beliefs of the writer had on his attitude to the institution of the family. The ambiguity of the concept of "children" and the originality of the artistic embodiment of this theme in the writer's work are revealed. The images of the central "lonely" characters in the writer's work are systematized. A separate chapter is devoted to the traditions and innovations of I.S. Turgenev in the covered topic and the Pushkin tradition in his work. It is surprisingly correlated in the personal aspect with the life of each person and now, what the reader has to learn.
For a wide range of readers interested in the work of I.S. Turgenev. It can be useful for students, postgraduates and teachers of philological universities and faculties.
Methodology of scientific research
Authors: Kargin Nikolay , Izaak Svetlana , Rozhkov Pavel , Ivanus Aleksandr
Published: March 2023

The textbook discusses the main ways of cognition, research of phenomena, processes occurring in various system formations, organizations of the surrounding reality. The article analyzes the content of the category "method" in its broadest essence, understood as a system of regulatory principles of cognition, transformation and management, from ways of fixing individual observed phenomena to translating and transforming them into scientific facts and further into patterns, structures and models reflecting reality. The processes reflecting the formation, formation of a scientific idea and its subsequent transformation into a product, scientific theory, technology, program, mechanism are described. Organizational and managerial technologies of scientific research are presented. The training material is presented in the paradigm of the methodology of the system approach.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students, postgraduates, teachers of social and cultural services.
Legal and organizational bases of correctional centers
Authors: Budanova Lyudmila , Smirnova Irina , Kazak Bronislav , Shabanov Vyacheslav , Kireev Mihail , Schedrin Oleg
Published: March 2023

The monograph examines the theoretical and legal foundations of correctional centers, as well as the organization of their functioning.
Separate paragraphs of the monograph can be used in practical activities when organizing the functioning of correctional centers.
It is intended for practitioners of the UFIC (sites functioning as correctional centers) and correctional centers of the Federal Penitentiary Service of the Russian Federation (FSIN of Russia), as well as educational organizations, students,
teaching staff interested in the problems of execution of punishment in the form of forced labor. It can be used in the implementation of the educational program of higher education in the direction of training 40.03.01 "Jurisprudence".
Management accounting in the context of sustainable development: opportunities and prospects
Authors: Ivashkevich Vitaliy , Bryuhanov Mihail , Burova Irina , Bychkova Svetlana , El'yashev Dmitriy , Nesvetaylov Vasiliy , Hushvahtzoda Kobildzhon , Buhoriev Sulaymon , Voronova Ekaterina , Dorohova Elena , Kirkach Yuliya
Published: March 2023

The monograph includes materials on the main problems of management accounting in the context of sustainable economic development, prepared not only by Russian authors, but also by scientists of the Tajik National University. They are aimed at identifying the information capabilities of management accounting in terms of providing tactical and strategic management in a modern, very difficult situation that has developed due to the shock of post-like restrictions and anti-Russian sanctions. Despite this, Russia has not abandoned the previously adopted concept of transition to sustainable development.
The results of a study on this topic carried out in the 2021/2022 academic year by students of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation under the guidance of Doctor of Economics, Professor M.A. Vakhrushina are presented.
It is intended for students, teachers and researchers interested in this issue.