bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eco‐Efficiency Model for Evaluating Feedlot Rations in the Great Plains, United States
Authors: Hengen Tyler J. , Sieverding Heidi L. , Cole Noel A. , Ham Jay M. , Stone James J.
Published: April 2016

Environmental impacts attributable to beef feedlot production provide an opportunity for economically linked efficiency optimization. Eco‐efficiency models are used to optimize production and processes by connecting and quantifying environmental and economic impacts. An adaptable, objective eco‐efficiency model was developed to assess the impacts of dietary rations on beef feedlot environmental and fiscal cost. The hybridized model used California Net Energy System modeling, life cycle assessment, principal component analyses (PCA), and economic analyses. The model approach was based on 38 potential feedlot rations and four transportation scenarios for the US Great Plains for each ration to determine the appropriate weight of each impact. All 152 scenarios were then assessed through a nested PCA to determine the relative contributing weight of each impact and environmental category to the overall system. The PCA output was evaluated using an eco‐efficiency model. Results suggest that water, ecosystem, and human health emissions were the primary impact category drivers for feedlot eco‐efficiency scoring. Enteric CH4 emissions were the greatest individual contributor to environmental performance (5.7% of the overall assessment), whereas terrestrial ecotoxicity had the lowest overall contribution (0.2% of the overall assessment). A well‐balanced ration with mid‐range dietary and processing energy requirements yielded the most eco‐ and environmentally efficient system. Using these results, it is possible to design a beef feed ration that is more economical and environmentally friendly. This methodology can be used to evaluate eco‐efficiency and to reduce researcher bias of other complex systems.

Core Ideas

Objective eco‐efficiency scores can be produced using principal component analyses.

Large numbers of scenarios can be effectively assessed using eco‐efficiency scoring.

Feedlot feed diets impact the sustainability of beef products.
Fine Mapping of a New Lesion Mimic and Early Senescence 2 (lmes2) Mutant in Rice
Authors: Xing Yadi , Du Dan , Xiao Yanhua , Zhang Tianquan , Chen Xinlong , Feng Ping , Sang XianChun , Wang Nan , He Guanghua
Published: April 2016

A novel lesion mimic and early senescence 2 (lmes2) mutant was identified from Jinhui10, an indica restorer line in rice (Oryza sativa L.), which was treated with ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS). Lmes2 began to develop disease‐like lesions on leaves at the seedling stage and aged leaves that had the maximum distribution of such lesions began to senesce. Compared with the wild‐type, a low content of chlorophylls was observed, while the proline content increased in proportion to the development of lesion mimics. In addition, the photosynthetic rate and superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activities fell very significantly, which indicates that lmes2 develops early senescence. Excessive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) deposition and trypan blue staining imply that lmes2 goes through programmed cell death. A population of F2 was used to fine map LMES2 to a 66‐kb region on chromosome 10, which harbors 10 open reading frames. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction results show the activation of two disease resistance indicator genes, PAL and PBZ1, in the process of lesion formation; this finding indicates that resistance activity may have activated. Our results provide a foundation for finding and functional analysis of the novel lesion mimic mutant (LMM) gene, LMES2.
Advanced Backcross Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis of Fiber Elongation in a Cross between Gossypium hirsutum and G. mustelinum
Authors: Wang Baohua , Draye Xavier , Zhang Zhengsheng , Zhuang Zhimin , May O. Lloyd , Paterson Andrew H. , Chee Peng W.
Published: April 2016

In an effort to explore the secondary gene pool for the enhancement of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm, we developed advanced‐generation backcross populations by crossing G. hirsutum (PD94042) and Gossypium mustelinum Miers ex Watt (AD4–8), then backcrossing to the G. hirsutum parent for three cycles. Genome‐wide mapping revealed introgressed alleles at an average of 13.8% of loci in each BC3F1 plant, collectively representing G. mustelinum introgression in 80.9% of the genome. Twenty‐one BC3F1 plants were selfed to generate BC3F2 families of 127 to 160 plants per family (totaling 3203 plants), which were field‐tested for fiber elongation and genetically mapped. One‐way ANOVA detected 15 nonoverlapping quantitative trail loci (QTLs) distributed over 12 chromosomes. Individual loci explained from 10.0 to 25.24% of phenotypic variance. Nine stringent QTLs were detected in one‐way ANOVAs and composite interval mapping; two of the nine QTLs explained more than 20% of variance and one was detected in four different families simultaneously with similar additive effects. Although the G. mustelinum parent does not produce spinnable fiber, G. mustelinum alleles contributed to increased fiber elongation for three of the nine stringent QTLs and five of the 15 total QTLs. Two‐way ANOVA detected significant (P < 0.001) among‐family genotype effects and genotype × family interactions, suggesting that the phenotypic effects of some introgressed chromosomal segments are dependent on the existence of other chromosomal segments. Gossypium mustelinum alleles that contribute to increased fiber elongation are of great interest to be further exploited in cotton breeding.
Kelenteng: Benteng Terakhir Dan Titik Awal Perkembangan Kebudayaan Tionghoa Di Indonesia
Authors: Herwiratno M.
Published: April 2016

This article discussed about the degradation of culture among Tionghoa society in Indonesia due to public pressure during Orde Baru era. It is fortune during the hard time, kelenteng as the  place for prayer for Tionghoa society also had became place of protection  for many forms of culture, such as life philosophy, ritual, and art. And now after the political pressure removed and the Tionghoa society wanted to know their culture, kelenteng becomes one of the important sources for knowledge about Tionghua’s culture. But, that apparently was not easy because many kelenteng were in sad condition and being pushed away by the Tionghoa society itself.
Exploring and Dealing with Issues of ‘Identity And Difference’ at My Workplace Context in Surabaya
Authors: Asmani Almodad B.
Published: April 2016

Article explored the ways an identity was shaped within societies and how these might have affected the work as an EFL teacher in a workplace context. Data were collected from reflective data that was autobiography and other related research. Analysis was done by analyzing autobiography that was working environment approach and reflection analysis. It can be concluded that awareness of global context, local knowledge, and ability to listen support English teaching activities having many differences and the available condition.
Analisis Kesalahan Penggunaan Partikel Ni dan De
Authors: Marion Elisa Carolina
Published: April 2016

Articel clasified the type and cause of mistake done by Bina Nusantara Japanese student of six and eight semesters on the use of ni (に) and de (で) particles indicating place in the exam. Data were collected from library research and distributed questionnaires to 79 student of the 6th and 8th semester, Japanese departement. The result showed that the student of Japanese language did not make the same mistake in using the ni (に) and de (で) particles having the some function in indicating place. It is concluded that the respondents are able to use the ni (に) and de (で) particles.
Analisis Kendala Pembelajaran Kata Bantu Bilangan Bahasa Mandarin Beserta Solusinya
Authors: Sylvia Rosemary
Published: April 2016

For foreigner, Mandarin language numeral words are very dificult to be mastered. Students of Bina Nusantara University are also having difficulties in learning the Mandarin language numeral words. Hopefully using quiz and questioner able to find the dificultioes faced by the students of Bina Nusantara University in learning Mandarin language numeral words. Also using questioner and interview to find the solustions. The research object is Chinese students of Bina Nusantara University from 2-4 semesters. Result from the data analysis is the student did not master well of the Mandarin language numeral words. The student time study in Bina Nusantara University did not have much effect on the student mastering of the Mandarin language numeral words. What causing the student having difficulties in learning the Mandarin language numeral words are because the numeral words in Mandarin language is too much also the usage is very wide.
Charm of Author intervention: Narrative Theoretical Analysis on Milan Kundera’s Works
Authors: Feng Ma
Published: April 2016

Article discusses the narrative of "interference" theory. The discussion with the author’s intervention and then gives a detailed and profound discussion. The author uses four ways to carry out the intervention, such as "deliberate go away, having no intention of sneaking, into the intention of the highlights, at random creative". This article talks about the creation of a detailed narrative analysis and has a further exploration about the effect of narrative. Under such theory frame and the synthesis, this article is attempting a utilization of the narrative theory to the text explanation.
The Comparison of Bilingual and Monolingual Learners Ability in Identifying Sentences using Reduced Clause
Authors: Herlina Clara
Published: April 2016

English and Indonesian have similar rules in the placement of head noun in adjective clause, that is head noun precedes the clause. However, in English it is possible to reduce the clause while in Indonesian it is not possible to do it. This difference causes difficulty for students learning English especially those whose language background is different. Binus University students come from different provinces around Indonesia and thus they have different language backgrounds. The research declares the difference of this background in identifying reduced clause. They are categorized into monolinguals if they only speak Indonesian at home and bilinguals if they speak both Indonesian and their ethnic languages. The purpose of this study is to find out whether bilinguals perform better than monolinguals, or vice versa, in processing reduced clause sentences.
Viewers and Identity Consciousness: The Analysis of the Responses of Green Street’s Viewers
Authors: Ayuningtyas Paramita
Published: April 2016

English and Indonesian have similar rules in the placement of head noun in adjective clause, that is head noun precedes the clause. However, in English it is possible to reduce the clause while in Indonesian it is not possible to do it. This difference causes difficulty for students learning English especially those whose language background is different. Binus University students come from different provinces around Indonesia and thus they have different language backgrounds. The research declares the difference of this background in identifying reduced clause. They are categorized into monolinguals if they only speak Indonesian at home and bilinguals if they speak both Indonesian and their ethnic languages. The purpose of this study is to find out whether bilinguals perform better than monolinguals, or vice versa, in processing reduced clause sentences.
Mistakes in using Keigo on Japanese Busines Correspondence Subject
Authors: Astami Timur Sri
Published: April 2016

Keigo style is honorific form in Japanese Language in which the language learners get difficulties in learning, especially the third semester of Bina Nusantara students. Keigo style is divided into sonkeigo, kenjougo, and teineigo. Article presented students’ mistakes in using keigo, especially sonkeigo dan kenjougo. It is noted that keigo has a relationship between the speaker (messenger), the receiver (mitra tutur), and the situation that all of them were called taiguu hyougen. The results indicate that the students get accidently exchanged in using sonkeigo and kenjougo, vice versa. If it is applied in question sentences, 60% of the students cannot answer it. Used in presenting condition, 60% of the students cannot answer, while used in presenting requirement, 50% of students cannot answer, and used in presenting permission, 40% of students cannot use this keigo style. It can be concluded that the average of 53% of students are not able to use keigo style.
Prinsip Dasar Budha Zen dalam Chanoyu
Authors: Putri Anastasia Merry Christiani Widya , Handayani Ratna
Published: April 2016

One of the Japanese traditional cultures that had been well known since the 16th century was chanoyu, the tea ceremony presented for the guests and carried out in chasitsu. Tea was introduced in Japan in the 16th century by bhiksu Zen. Formerly, the tea was used for a light stimulation for meditation, drug ingredients, media for Buddha Zen dissemination, dan developing chanoyu spiritual basic. One of the tea ceremony masters, Sen no Rikyu, used four basic principles in chanoyu, those were harmony (wa), respect (kei), purity (sei), silence (jaku). Article elaborated the four basic principles of Buddha Zen in tea ceremony applied in Urasenke chanoyu. Library research and descriptive analysis were applied in this research. The research results indicate that there are wa-keisei-jaku principles and wabi sabi concepts in the Japanese tea ceremony.
Use Of Imagery And Metaphor In Aravind Adiga’s The White Tiger
Authors: Kasbekar Sushama
Published: April 2016

This paper focuses on the use of imagery and metaphors in Arvind Adiga’s The White Tiger (2008). The writer deliberately and skillfully uses animal imagery and other kinds of metaphors to highlight the intrinsic values of his characters and present themes and characters vividly. This paper highlights how this imagery and metaphor has been used by the writer to bring out the thematic rich and poor divide or the servitude of the poor and overbearing opulence of the rich. The metaphors give added value to the themes and the characters and provide an immediate verbal picture.
The Individual Features Of Indonesian-Chinese Mini-Novels
Authors: Feng Ma
Published: April 2016

This article talks about mini-novels in the new period of Indonesian Chinese Literature. Through the overall developing trend of mini-novels’ corpuses, analyzes the individual creative features: firstly, the humor of Mo Mingmiao’s Mini-novels; secondly, the compassion of Xiao Xing’s Mini-novels; thirdly, Yuan Ni’s emotional sonata of The Lost Key-ring. By combination of themes and techniques of the three mini-novels corpuses, the article focuses on the analysis of three writers’ distinctive writing style.
Dampak Peningkatan Jumlah Wanita Bekerja Karena Meningkatnya Taraf Pendidikan Terhadap Fenomena Shoushika Di Jepang (2002-2007)
Authors: Handayani Ratna , Salim Mayumi
Published: April 2016

Shoushika is a phenomenon facing today's Japanese society. Shoushika become a trend since the increasing female workers delay childbearing which consequently decrease the birth growth in Japan. Due to the decreasing number of future generations, the rate of Japanese economy is hampered and causes restlessness in society about the future. The author felt the need to analyze the underlying problems of women workers that delay having children. Its objective is to find the background of working Japanese females delaying childbearing in relation with the rising level of education, career and salary, referring to the feminism theory developed in Japan.
The Comparison Of Qingming Festival In Bengkalis City, Riau, And In Sungailiat, Bangka
Authors: Sufianto Agustinus , Anggastia Nita , Hayani Yanti
Published: April 2016

Qingming Festival is a great festival and tradition for Chinese to commemorate their ancestors. This activity is considered necessary to do by Chinese nation. Qingming festival reflects xiaoxin (孝心) which means devotion toward the elderly or ancestor and is regarded as an educational culture. This tradition is well preserved until now. This study is objected to compare the Qingming festival held in Bengkalis City, Riau, and one held in Sungailiat, Bangka. By visiting directly those places and interviewing some Chinese people there, we will study and conclude some comparison on this subject.
Dari Mianzi Dan Lian Menuju Face: Dari Kearifan Lokal Cina Menuju Teori Kesantunan Yang Mendunia
Authors: Pramujiono Agung
Published: April 2016

The politeness theory of Brown and Levinson (1987) about face is regarded as one very influential. In fact, it was rooted from Eastern local wisdom (ancient China), that is “mianzi” and “lian”. Mianzi represents social perceptions of one’s self-esteem built through lian as one’s morality. Politeness and limao have the same pragmatic basis but they can be perceived differently due to the varied cultural contexts underlying a speech community. In the intercultural pragmatics study, the differences should not form the sources of conflict but they should even be considered as varieties of pluralities about which the interactants should be understood in order that interpersonal communication activities can run harmoniously and can be avoided from all kinds of conflict and friction.
Research on Difficulty in Indonesia Students Learning Chinese Language
Authors: Anggreani Lydia
Published: April 2016

Chinese has become the world’s second language. Each language has its own law, as is the Chinese. Indonesian students have difficulty in learning Chinese which are are not surprising. Every language has various characteristics, so do Chinese and Bahasa Indonesia. Article analyzes difficulties to learn Chinese, especially for Indonesian students, those are tone, grammar, sounds of “er hua” such as Alice retroflex. The respondents are 100 Indonesian students who are randomly selected for testing samples analyzed. Since there is no tone in Bahasa Indonesia, it makes a lot of Indonesian students in the learning process often appear in Chinese foreign accent phenomenon. This article expects to explore the problem by studying the formation of the causes and solutions. Indonesian students learning Chinese was designed to provide some teaching and learning strategies.
Analisis Penerjemahan Kalimat Pasif Bahasa Inggris Ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia pada Novel Morning, Noon and Night Karya Sidney Sheldon
Authors: Suprato Djuria
Published: April 2016

A translated novel can enrich the culture and life of other nations. In order to properly understand the intended meaning of the author, the translator must understand both the source language and the target language. Meaning is an important element in the translation. Article explained the results of the study of the passive sentences of the source language (English) translated into Indonesian. The results of the study show that not all of the passive sentences of the source language can be translated in the form of passive sentences in target language. Instead, the passive sentences can be translated in the form of active sentences because of the meaning contained.
On The Form and Judgment Function of Sense of Language
Authors: Wenhua Duan
Published: April 2016

In parole communication, people are always able to judge whether others’ expressions are proper or not, understandableor not, elegant or not. In the field of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, teachers can also quickly point out the problems in students’ expressions and writing. This kind of direct sense is called Sense of Language. Generally speaking, Sense of Language is considered as a kind of “ability of subjective judgment”. In fact, there is a guide behind Sense of Language, which is profound rational theory proved by Psychology and Cerebral Science. Sense of Language will be discussed carefully in this article.
Juvenile Delinquency in Novel Clockwork Orange By Anthony Burgess
Authors: Pelawi Bena Yusuf
Published: April 2016

The study aimed to reveal the role of literary work, especially a novel in reflecting the social fenomena, the juvenile delinquency in the twentieth century. The data source was an English novel ‘Clockwork Orange’ written by Anthony Burgess. The research applied library research by using reflection theory introduced by Georg Lukacs. Analysis was presented in three parts, those were the identification of major character, social setting, and the reflection of juvenile delinquency.The findings were as follows. First, the major character was Alex as his hig intensity in all the events that build the whole story. Second, the social setting described the life of teenagers, especially the juvenile delinquency as social fenomena in society. Third, the role of literary work in revealing the problem above faced by the twentieth century society. Finally, it can be concluded that the literary work has played a very important role in revealing the social fenomena.
A Brief Analysis of the Acrostic in Chinese Language in Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language
Authors: Anggreani Lydia , Agustian Agustian
Published: April 2016

Acrostic is a special phenomenon of the modern Chinese language. It is a combination of lexical and syntactical that across “vocabulary” and “grammar” categories. The morphemes can be combined and can also be separated by various form changes depending on its development. Acrostic is always been a crucial part in teaching Chinese language to foreigners and less developed than other parts of the teaching. This study used quantitative method to analyze the problems associated with the acrostic in teaching Chinese to foreigners. Source of the data was learners’ exercise and assignment. The discussion in this article was viewed from the perspective of the outside-oriented teaching, grouped into 3 main sections. The first was in terms of the usability characteristics to the acrostic developments in the acrostic grammar study. The second, based on the results of the questionnaire regarding the use of acrostic, research analyzed students’ main mistakes and their causes. The third was to observe the condition of teaching acrostic. This research is expected to help teachers and learners of Mandarin understand and overcome the difficulties in learning acrostic.
Exploring Gender on EFL Learners’ Beliefs about Language Learning
Authors: Sundari Hanna , Hadi Irfan , Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: April 2016

Article aimed to describe language learners’ belief system and to investigate how significance the language learners’ beliefs are between them in language learning. Using both qualitative and quantitative approaches, this research took 111 female- and 32 male-first semester college-students majoring in English Education as respondents. The instrument was 34-item BALLI questionnaire designed by Horwitz. The findings of the research showed that females and males’ language beliefs about language learning are mostly in similar fashion. The significant differences in responses were on the beliefs related to language and intelligence, enjoyment in practicing English, learning English-speaking cultures, having English-speaking friends, and motivation in learning English.
Akulturasi Unsur Kungfu Tiongkok dalam Pencak Silat Betawi
Authors: Sufianto Agustinus , Lim Sugiato , Khosasih Andyni
Published: April 2016

This study aimed to examine the influence of acculturation of Chinese Kungfu elements on Pencak Silat Betawi. The study used qualitative method and observation with interview and literature study by looking up Betawi and Pencak Silat on Batavia literature. Research finds out that the origins and influence of acculturation of Chinese Kungfu in Pencak Silat Betawi can be seen from a reciprocal relationship between the Chinese community and Betawi through the exchange of knowledge between Chinese martial arts champion and Betawi champion, or brought directly by Chinese Muslims as Master Ong and Kwee Tang Kiam. In addition, there are elements of acculturation both in naming or some movements adopted from Chinese kungfu as Chinese way in Maen Pukul Sabeni that uses two fingers (index and middle), the use of symbols that are closely related to Chinese culture symbols in the logo of Pencak Silat Sabeni, respect technique with Baoquan Li shape as in Mustika Kwitang, and so on.
Wacana Iklan Parodi Jepang Fanta Gakuen Sensei Series
Authors: Natashia Dian
Published: April 2016

Research aimed to understand the message sent by the sender by analyzing critically the substence used and built the situation inside Japanese parody advertisement titled Fanta Gakuen Sensei Series. This research used qualitative descriptive method and provided two parody advertisement videos as data. The data were described and analyzed with Guy Cook’s Advertising Discourse Theory to reveal the substance used and built the context and situation inside the advertisements and Foucault’s Power and Discipline Theory to understand the message trying to be conveyed by looking into relationship between teachers and students in Japan. Result of the analysis shows that to avoid monotonous advertisements, Fanta uses advertisements parodying a popular drama during that era and adding humor into them, so the receiver will remind it for a long time. This is not just persuasive, but the advertisement’s strategy in those advertisements is also informative and inviting the target group to think critically. Through social context, these advertisements are intended to remind children to be disciplined regarding their daily behaviors and to obey and respect their teachers all the time. The producer also intends to remind that during hardships or strange situation, children should not take them seriously and be happy with Fanta.
Representasi Budaya Kawaii dalam Chara-Bentou
Authors: Dharma Hendy Reginald Cuaca
Published: April 2016

This research aimed to find the inter-correlation between the factors of chara-bentou trend and the impression of kawaii culture on chara-bentou. By applying descriptive qualitative method, this study explained the factors of chara-bentou trend and the representation of kawaii in chara-bentou. Data were gathered from magazines, books, and questionnaire (field survey). Descriptive analysis was conducted to make interpretation based on the questionnaire given. As a conclusion, the children who have known chara-bentou since their childhood will know the art of food, like the Japanese said, “Eat with your eyes.”
The Use of Code-Mixing among Pamonanese in Parata Ndaya Closed-Group Facebook
Authors: Luke Joice Yulinda
Published: April 2016

Research intended to figure out why Pamonanes did code-mixing in Parata Ndaya, a Facebook closed-group site. The research applied qualitative method to get the types of code-mixing and reasons for doing code-mixing, while the analysis used Hoffman’s theory. Data were taken from comments of three active members of Parata Ndaya. Comments selected were mainly focused on political issues that happened during Regional House Representative Election in 2014. Data analysis reveals that code-mixing is mostly found in jokes and some comments about political leaders. Thus, the results can provide insights for Parata Ndaya members to build awareness on preserving their local language (i.e. Pamona language) as well as to enhance solidarity among members of the group site.
The Subaltern Voice in A Thousand Splendid Suns by Khaled Khosseini
Authors: Soraya Soraya
Published: April 2016

Life in Afghanistan puts female as the second sex and the victims of patriarchy. In the eye of Orientalism, women are the east. Thus, they can be colonized and suppressed (the subaltern). This study was designed to answer the question how was the voice of the subaltern being represented by the characters in the novel A Thousand Splendid Suns by Khaled Khosseini. Library research was applied in this study. Data were  analyzed using postcolonial theory, specifically from Gayatri Spivak. The conclusion presents that both characters, Mariam and Laila is the representation of the subaltern who created voice to fight against the oppression. Between Mariam, the symbol of traditional woman, and Laila, the symbol of modern woman, only Laila who can reach the freedom. However, it is impossible to achieve without the courage and sacrifice of Mariam
Potential soil characteristics for riverbank filtration using 2-D ground resistivity in Kota Lama Kiri, Kuala Kangsar
Authors: Abdul Razak Mohd Firdaus , Md Said Md Azlin , Yusoh Rais , Jasmi Rosmyra
Published: April 2016

Identifying the subsurface profile for riverbank/bed filtration (RBF) using conventional methods such as drilled boreholes is usually labor intensive, costly and acquires only 1-D profiling. Hence, a 2-D ground resistivity method was used as an alternative to obtain a 2-D subsurface profile by extending to 200 m length at Kota Lama Kiri, Kuala Kangsar, Perak site area. Four resistivity survey lines (200 m each) with minimum electrode spacing of 5 m were executed at the site area. The Wenner-Schlumberger array protocol was applied for acquisition data process. The resistivity data were then processed and interpreted using RES2DINV software. The results show the approximate 2-D pseudo-section image of the subsurface resistivity distribution with different soil types. The interpretation of results reveals that the site area consists of two main layers: (a) sand and gravel (300–750 Ωm) from 0 to 10 m depth, and (b) weathered rock (0–350 Ωm) within 10 to 40 m depth. It found that the first layer (0–10 m depth) belongs to the alluvial aquifer type and has a relatively high permeability, thus suitable for RBF. This method is believed to be able to give great assistance for selecting the suitable area for RBF in the future.
Functional approach using intraoperative brain mapping and neurophysiological monitoring for the surgical treatment of brain metastases in the central region
Authors: Sanmillan Jose L. , Fernández-Coello Alejandro , Fernández-Conejero Isabel , Plans Gerard , Gabarrós Andreu
Published: April 2016

OBJECTIVE

Brain metastases are the most frequent intracranial malignant tumor in adults. Surgical intervention for metastases in eloquent areas remains controversial and challenging. Even when metastases are not infiltrating intra-parenchymal tumors, eloquent areas can be affected. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the role of a functional guided approach for the resection of brain metastases in the central region.

METHODS

Thirty-three patients (19 men and 14 women) with perirolandic metastases who were treated at the authors' institution were reviewed. All participants underwent resection using a functional guided approach, which consisted of using intraoperative brain mapping and/or neurophysiological monitoring to aid in the resection, depending on the functionality of the brain parenchyma surrounding each metastasis. Motor and sensory functions were monitored in all patients, and supplementary motor and language area functions were assessed in 5 and 4 patients, respectively. Clinical data were analyzed at presentation, discharge, and the 6-month follow-up.

RESULTS

The most frequent presenting symptom was seizure, followed by paresis. Gross-total removal of the metastasis was achieved in 31 patients (93.9%). There were 6 deaths during the follow-up period. After the removal of the metastasis, 6 patients (18.2%) presented with transient neurological worsening, of whom 4 had worsening of motor function impairment and 2 had acquired new sensory disturbances. Total recovery was achieved before the 3rd month of follow-up in all cases. Excluding those patients who died due to the progression of systemic illness, 88.9% of patients had a Karnofsky Performance Scale score greater than 80% at the 6-month follow-up. The mean survival time was 24.4 months after surgery.

CONCLUSIONS

The implementation of intraoperative electrical brain stimulation techniques in the resection of central region metastases may improve surgical planning and resection and may spare eloquent areas. This approach also facilitates maximal resection in these and other critical functional areas, thereby helping to avoid new postoperative neurological deficits. Avoiding permanent neurological deficits is critical for a good quality of life, especially in patients with a life expectancy of over a year.
Characterization of Three Indica Rice Multiparent Advanced Generation Intercross (MAGIC) Populations for Quantitative Trait Loci Identification
Authors: Meng Lijun , Guo Longbiao , Ponce Kimberly , Zhao Xiangqian , Ye Guoyou
Published: April 2016

Three new rice (Oryza sativa L.) multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) populations were developed using eight elite indica rice varieties from different breeding programs. These three populations were two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations derived from two 4‐way crosses, DC1 and DC2, and one RIL population derived from an 8‐way cross. These populations were genotyped using an Illumina Infinium rice 6K SNP chip. The potential of the three MAGIC populations in identifying marker–trait associations was demonstrated using the plant height (PH) and heading date (HD) measured in 2014. A population of 248 IRRI breeding lines and a population of 323 Chinese breeding lines were also included to compare genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium (LD) pattern. Our study discovered that (i) the 8‐way population had a higher gene diversity than the DC1, DC2, and IRRI populations; (ii) all three MAGIC populations showed no clear population structure; (iii) LD decayed to r2 < 0.2 at about 2.5, 2.5, 1.25, 1.75, and 4.0 Mb for the DC1, DC2, 8‐way, IRRI, and Chinese populations, respectively; and (iv) the 8‐way population was more powerful than the DC1, DC2, and IRRI populations on QTL identification. The association analysis identified two and three QTL for PH and HD, respectively. Four of the five QTL had peak markers close to known genes. A novel QTL for PH was identified on chromosome 12 using the 8‐way population. Therefore, our study suggests that the three new MAGIC populations are valuable resources for QTL identification.
RICH KOZAI–LIDOV DYNAMICS IN AN INITIALLY THIN AND ECCENTRIC STELLAR DISK AROUND A SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLE
Authors: Haas Jaroslav , Šubr Ladislav
Published: April 2016

There is growing evidence of star formation in the vicinity of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galactic nuclei. A viable scenario for this process assumes infall of a massive gas cloud toward the SMBH and subsequent formation of a dense accretion disk, which gives birth to the young stars. Numerical hydrodynamical models indicate that this star formation process is rather fast and precedes full circularization of the accretion flow, i.e., the new stars are born on elliptic orbits. By means of direct numerical N-body modeling, we show in this paper that the nonzero eccentricity of the stellar disks around the SMBH leads to an onset of various types of the Kozai–Lidov oscillations of a non-negligible subset of individual orbits in the disk, showing a remarkable robustness of this classical mechanism. Among others, we demonstrate that under certain circumstances, the presence of an additional spherical cluster (which is generally known to damp Kozai–Lidov oscillations) may trigger such oscillations as a result of affecting the internal flow of the angular momentum through the disk. We conclude that the Kozai–Lidov oscillations are capable of substantially modifying the initial structure of the disk (its thickness and distribution of eccentricities, in particular).
THE OPTICAL VARIABILITY OF SDSS QUASARS FROM MULTI-EPOCH SPECTROSCOPY. II. COLOR VARIATION
Authors: Guo (郭恒潇) Hengxiao , Gu Minfeng
Published: April 2016

We investigated the optical/ultraviolet (UV) color variations for a sample of 2169 quasars based on multi-epoch spectroscopy in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey data releases seven (DR7) and nine (DR9). To correct the systematic difference between DR7 and DR9 due to the different instrumental setup, we produced a correction spectrum by using a sample of F-stars observed in both DR7 and DR9. The correction spectrum was then applied to quasars when comparing the spectra of DR7 with DR9. In each object, the color variation was explored by comparing the spectral index of the continuum power-law fit on the brightest spectrum with the faintest one, and also by the shape of their difference spectrum. In 1876 quasars with consistent color variations from two methods, we found that most sources (1755, ∼94%) show the bluer-when-brighter (BWB) trend, and the redder-when-brighter (RWB) trend is detected in only 121 objects (∼6%). The common BWB trend is supported by the composite spectrum constructed from bright spectra, which is bluer than that from faint spectra, and also by the blue composite difference spectrum. The correction spectrum is proven to be highly reliable by comparing the composite spectrum from corrected DR9 and original DR7 spectra. Assuming that the optical/UV variability is triggered by fluctuations, the RWB trend can likely be explained if the fluctuations occur first in the outer disk region, and the inner disk region has not yet fully responded when the fluctuations are being propagated inward. In contrast, the common BWB trend implies that the fluctuations likely more often happen first in the inner disk region.
VELOCITY-RESOLVED HOT WATER EMISSION DETECTED TOWARD HL TAU WITH THE SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY
Authors: Kristensen Lars E. , Brown Joanna M. , Wilner David , Salyk Colette
Published: April 2016

Using the Submillimeter Array (SMA) on Mauna Kea, the

H

2

16

O

10

2,9

–9

3,6

transition (

E

up

 = 1863 K) at 321.2 GHz has been detected toward the embedded low-mass protostar HL Tau. The line centroid is blueshifted by 20 km s−1 with respect to the source velocity, and it has a FWHM of 25 km s−1. The emission is tentatively resolved and extends ∼3″–4″ over the sky (∼2 beams), or ∼500 au at the distance of Taurus. The velocity offset, and to a lesser degree the spatial extent of the emission, show that the line originates in the protostellar jet or wind. This result suggests that at least some water emission observed with Herschel and Spitzer toward embedded sources, and perhaps also disk sources, contains a wind or jet component, which is crucial for interpreting these data. These pathfinder observations done with the SMA open a new window into studying the origin of water emission with e.g., ALMA, thus providing new insights into where water is in protostellar systems.
Le langage commun, compétence clef dans les entreprises internationales
Authors: Dávila Andrés , Point Sébastien
Published: April 2016

Les problèmes de communications sont récurrents dans un contexte international, où la diversité de langues est souvent de mise. Le fait d’échanger des informations en utilisant une seule langue n’est pas suffisant pour évincer tout problème de communication, en l’absence d’un langage commun. Cet article propose une définition du langage commun reposant sur une ou plusieurs langues, des concepts, des outils ou encore des méthodes composant un système co-construit par les membres d’une organisation pour échanger des informations propres à l’activité de l’entreprise. A partir du cas d’une PME internationale de négoce agroalimentaire entre la France et l’Asie, nous étudions la mise en place d’un langage commun interne à l’entreprise. Il apparait que la reconnaissance et l’utilisation des unités terminologiques composant ce langage commun restent principalement dépendantes de la position hiérarchique dans l’entreprise. Sa mise en place et son assimilation constituent une étape importante dans le développement de compétences pour un meilleur fonctionnement de l’entreprise.
Miami, métropole-carrefour des Amériques. Réflexions à partir de l’expérience migratoire haïtienne
Authors: Audebert Cédric
Published: April 2016

L’article explore la notion de métropole-carrefour à partir du contexte métropolitain de Miami, et de l’articulation de ses territoires ethniques avec les champs et systèmes de migration sur lesquels la ville fonde son rayonnement international. Miami est analysée comme une ville-interface multiculturelle nourrie par la mondialisation migratoire. Dans ce cadre, l’espace résidentiel et marchand haïtien se structure en lien avec la fonction de lieu-support et d’espace-relais qu’il joue dans le développement des réseaux transnationaux à l’échelle de la diaspora haïtienne et du bassin caribéen.
« Miami est l’Amérique ! »
Authors: Allman T.D. , Létrilliart Philippe
Published: April 2016

Dans cet entretien, Miami apparaît comme un paradigme américain notamment du fait de la mobilité et du multilinguisme de ses habitants. Si la communauté cubaine vit d’importants changements, d’autres communautés latino-américaines et caraïbes émergent, l’immigration contribuant à la diversité ethnique et culturelle des États-Unis. Proche de l’Amérique latine mais située sur le territoire américain, Miami demeure un pôle d’attraction en dépit de toutes ses fragilités. Au-delà des stéréotypes, elle est un révélateur de l’évolution des États-Unis.
Le sujet sexuel
Authors: Marblé Jacques
Published: April 2016

Dans le séminaire XIV La logique du fantasme, Jacques Lacan aboutit de manière surprenante à la définition d’un sujet sexuel en partant de l’acte sexuel lui-même : le sujet sexuel serait le produit de la répétition de l’acte... Il l’écrit : 1 + a, 1 + un reste, 1 + un produit. La logique mathématique grecque qui a mis en exergue l’harmonie des proportions par le biais du nombre d’or, réputé constituer la proportion divine, mais aussi la logique moderne avec la suite de Fibonacci le font repartir du nombre 1 de l’harmonie que Freud prône en matière de sexualité. Tout acte sexuel reste pour tout sujet, pris dans sa répétition, dans un rapport de proportion au rapport primitif mère-enfant, un rapport nécessairement incestueux.
La toxicomanie dans notre lien social : solitude, déréliction, aliénation
Authors: Macary-Garipuy Pascale , Victoria Bernard
Published: April 2016

Dans cet article, les auteurs s’attachent à porter un éclairage sur la toxicomanie névrotique à partir de son ancrage dans le champ socio-historique de notre époque. Le propos s’attache ainsi à analyser en quoi le rejet de la castration opéré par le discours capitaliste permet au toxicomane de trouver un discours dans lequel ou à partir duquel inscrire sa pratique. Mais ce rejet de la castration, commun au lien social contemporain et à la toxicomanie dans la névrose, ne recouvre pas la division fondamentale de tout sujet, qui relève quant à elle de la perte irréversible. Cette distinction entre castration et division permet ainsi aux auteurs de soutenir que la toxicomanie dans la névrose, articulée au discours capitaliste, n’est pas équivalente à la toxicomanie dans la psychose, en tant qu’elle n’y a pas la même fonction.
Le muet reste dans les cris. Une psychanalyse singulière avec l’outil Internet
Authors: Alerini Paul
Published: April 2016

Cette phrase intraduisible dans une langue étrangère a été prononcée par les voix d’une hallucination verbale. La lecture en « l’e muet reste dans l’écrit » a marqué un tournant décisif dans le cours d’une cure analytique. Elle a conduit à adapter le dispositif à une situation inhabituelle, par le recours à l’écriture, afin de pallier un défaut de parole, et à l’utilisation d’Internet pour établir un dialogue avec les voix.
Transactional approach in assessment of operational performance of companies in transport infrastructure
Authors: Dubrovsky Valery , Yaroshevich Natalya , Kuzmin Evgeny
Published: April 2016

Purpose: Offer an alternative method to assess operational performance of companies in transport infrastructure of a region by making a comparison between transaction costs. The method is supposed to be a cross-functional and possibly applied to an analysis of economic entities of a different order (country, region, sector, companies) while evaluating “viscosity” / complexity of the outside and the inside.Design/methodology/approach: The paper includes an analysis of various methodological approaches to assess a development level of the transport infrastructure in a region. Within the author's approach and for purposed of the research, an index of transaction capacity or the transactionalness index is proposed, which determines a level of transaction costs calculated against the cost of production and revenue. The approach is piloted using the region-wise consolidated financial data of companies involved in the Russian transport infrastructure for 2005/2013.Findings: The proposed alternative way to measure corporate operating efficiency has proved its academic consistency. A specific comparison between the transaction costs using the transactionalness index allows first to identify companies or regions/sectors, where there is excess complexity of economical communication in bargaining. Secondly, the index does not only point out indirectly to a degree of development in the institutional environment, but also the infrastructure (the transport one in the example given). Third, the transactionalness level may say of uncertainty and risks. As an addition to theoretical and methodological aspects of transaction costs, the authors justify an approach to their size estimation, as well as their differentiation dividing them into two groups: those of a natural type and a background type. In a course of their discussion, the authors have concluded that there are such transaction costs in place, which are standard in a manner of speaking.Originality/value: There is a discussion whether it is scientifically reasonable to use an index of transactionalness. There are reasons for applicability of the alternative approach to assess operational performance of companies in transport infrastructure as an indicative criterion of favouring external conditions to execute exchange transactions. According to the authors, a high level of transactionalness is associated with a low development level of transport infrastructure in a region. This says that their competitiveness is specifically less.
Energy Aware Grid Scheduling for Dependent Task Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Prakash Shiv , Vidyarthi Deo Prakash
Published: April 2016

Consumption of energy in the large computing system is an important issue not only because energy sources are depleting fast but also due to the deteriorating environmental conditions. A computational grid is a large heterogeneous distributed computing platform which consumes enormous energy in the task execution. Energy-aware job scheduling, in the computational grid, is an important issue that has been addressed in this work. If the tasks are properly scheduled, keeping the optimal energy concern, it is possible to save the energy consumed by the system in the task execution. The prime objective, in this work, is to schedule the dependent tasks of a job, on the grid nodes with optimal energy consumption. Energy consumption is estimated with the help of Dynamic Voltage Frequency Scaling (DVFS). Makespan, while optimizing the energy consumption, is also taken care of in the proposed model. GA is applied for the purpose and therefore the model is named as Energy Aware Genetic Algorithm (EAGA). Performance evaluation of the proposed model is done using GridSim simulator. A comparative study with other existing models viz. min-min and max-min proves the efficacy of the proposed model.