bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diabetes, heart damage, and angiotensin II. What is the relationship link between them? A minireview
Authors: Pedreanez Adriana , Mosquera Jesus , Munoz Nelson , Robalino Jorge , Tene Diego
Published: February 2022

Cardiovascular complications are the main cause of mortality and morbidity in the diabetic patients, in whom changes in myocardial structure and function have been described. Numerous molecular mechanisms have been proposed that could contribute to the development of a cardiac damage. In this regard, angiotensin II (Ang II), a proinflammatory peptide that constitutes the main effector of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has taken a relevant role. The aim of this review was to analyze the role of Ang II in the different biochemical pathways that could be involved in the development of cardiovascular damage during diabetes. We performed an exhaustive review in the main databases, using the following terms: angiotensin II, cardiovascular damage, renin angiotensin system, inflammation, and diabetes mellitus. Classically, the RAS has been defined as a complex system of enzymes, receptors, and peptides that help control the blood pressure and the fluid homeostasis. However, in recent years, this concept has undergone substantial changes. Although this system has been known for decades, recent discoveries in cellular and molecular biology, as well as cardiovascular physiology, have introduced a better understanding of its function and relationship to the development of the diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Omega-3 supplementation in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) – a review of clinical trials and cohort
Authors: Melo Vitoria , Silva Thomas , Silva Thaissa , Freitas Juliana , Sacramento Joselita , Vazquez Mirian , Araujo Edilene
Published: February 2022

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women associated with cardiovascular disease and obesity. The possible benefits of omega-3 supplementation in this syndrome have been discussed much. This study is aimed to verify, based on the scientific data published, if there are any benefits in the omega-3 supplementation in the treatment of PCOS and to indicate its possible dosages for the treatment of polycystic ovary. The work consists of a systematic review of clinical trials and cohort of the MEDLINE/PubMed database from 2009 to October 2019. All studies that analyzed the omega-3 supplementation in women with PCOS were included. Cross-sectional studies, review articles, systematic reviews, meta-analysis, duplicates, studies in animals or cell culture, studies with omega-3 supplementation via food or associated with other supplementations were not included, except those involving vitamin E. In total, 21 articles were selected. Despite the heterogeneity of the studies selected, indirect benefits were observed mainly regarding the glycemic profile, such as insulin resistance reduction, lipid profile modulation (i.e. decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and elevation of high-density lipoprotein), and the regulation of the androgenic profile. As for the anthropometric profile, the studies were scarce and most of them had no significant meaning. Regarding the antioxidant profile and inflammatory biomarkers, the findings differ among studies, but promising results were observed with different doses over 12 weeks of use, such as C-reactive protein (CRP) reduction. Thus, omega-3 fatty acids promote indirect benefits in the treating of women with PCOS. However, to reveal well-defined standards for dosage and supplementation time, further studies are needed.
Legislative Conditions for Trade in Biological Material of Farm Animals from a Health Perspective
Authors: Lipińska Izabela
Published: February 2022

This article addresses issues related to the movement of livestock biological material that is used for reproduction. Its movement may be accompanied by the spread of pathogens. To avoid this, specific instruments have been adopted at EU and national level. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the legal standards adopted in this field, which shape the circulation of biological material in the aspect of livestock health safety. In conclusion, it was stated that the normative solutions established at the EU level lead to the unification and harmonization of conditions concerning trade in biological material of livestock, and thus meet the objectives set out in it. Nevertheless, national regulations should be modified in this respect and supported by executive acts allowing for full implementation of the EU solutions.
Cross–Border Public Procurement in the European Union
Authors: Malatinec Tomáš
Published: February 2022

Joint cross–border public procurement is a public procurement procedure in which a contract is awarded jointly by contracting authorities from two or more Member States. Such an approach con-tributes to the fulfilling potential offered by the EU Single Market. The aim of the paper is to con-tribute to the analytical results focused on the evaluation of joint cross–border procurement. The results are processed on the basis of data selected from TED. The results show that this approach in public procurement is not commonly used by contracting authorities. The use of this approach is dominated by the supply of services and the use of open procedure as a tendering procedure.
Legal Tools in International Environmental Law
Authors: Szira Zoltán , Alghamdi Hani , Varga Erika , Bárdos Kinga
Published: February 2022

Environmental law concepts are expressed in conventions, international binding laws, state practice and soft law commitments. They may be applicable to all foreign community members. These are widely recognized and even approved in the practice of the state.

A special feature of international environmental law is that many environmental issues are governed by non–binding soft–law instruments that allow faster responses to international environmental issues. Governments tend to resist legally binding treaty regulation for different reasons but are much more likely to adopt a written action plan or resolution, at least voicing a political will to address an issue. The numerous constitutional standards of several countries must be followed when negotiating international agreements: for example, the way the national parliament must approve and enforce a treaty. The paper investigates the regulation system of international environmental law.
Study of Glioblastomas According to Clinicopathological Parameters
Authors: Sipos Tamás Csaba , Kövecsi Attila , Gurzu Simona , Dénes Lóránd , Szántó Annamária , Ráduly Gergő , Pap Zsuzsanna
Published: February 2022

Background: Glioblastomas are the most common tumors of the central nervous system. The incidence of brain tumors is higher in developed countries and is constantly increasing.

Aim of the study: The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinicopathological data of patients diagnosed with glioblastomas from a selected case series.

Material and methods: This retrospective, single-center study was conducted on glioblastoma cases diagnosed between 2014 and 2018 at the Department of Pathology of the County Emergency Clinical Hospital of Târgu Mureș, Romania. The information was centralized from histopathology reports and focused on the location of glioblastomas and demographic parameters (gender and age of patients).

Results: In the studied period, there were 154 patients diagnosed with glioblastoma, of which 50.65% were men. The most affected age group was 61–70 years (31.17% of cases). In most cases (49.35%), the glioblastoma was located in the left cerebral hemisphere, and the most affected lobes were the frontal (29.87%), temporal (26.62%), and parietal (14.94%). We could not find a statistically significant association between the distribution of cases by years, gender, and location of the tumor.

Conclusions: Glioblastoma is a tumor that involves the left cerebral hemisphere most often and affects both genders over the age of sixty.
Are Mandatory Institutional Emails for Manuscript Submission an Unfair and Discriminatory Policy?
Authors: Teixeira da Silva Jaime A.
Published: February 2022

With increasing cases of fraud in submission, peer review, and publication processes, some by authors with fake identities and who use concocted emails, including the use of web-based emails, editors and publishers are looking for ways to try and stem the tide of fraud. In some journals, editors and publishers mistakenly believe that this might be possible by implementing a policy that mandates submitting authors to have an institutional email. However, this may be discriminatory at various levels, the most obvious of which is unfairness, i.e., no right to “entry” to a journal based exclusively on the type of email used, even more so when the submitting author is not fake. Such policies might, very ironically, even violate stated journal or publisher policies on discrimination and inclusivity. Editors and publishers that employ such tactics, as a way to attempt to reduce fraudulent submissions, need to rethink this potentially discriminatory strategy. In a publishing world that is becoming increasingly litigious, it would not be surprising if legal action would one day be taken against a journal or publisher by a valid author using a web-based email such as @gmail.com, @yahoo.com, or @163.com, but who may have been unfairly barred entry to that journal based on such a policy. Two real case examples are provided, Tumor Biology, a struggling journal published by IOS Press, and Journal of Business Ethics, a journal published by Springer Nature.
A Link Between Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Helicobacter pylori Infection
Authors: Frandeș Sergiu Ioan , Chibulcutean Oana , Bățagă Simona
Published: February 2022

Background: Gastritis is a progressive disease that evolves from a non-atrophic to an atrophic state and progresses through intestinal metaplasia, even leading to gastric cancer. Gastritis is defined by an inflammatory process of the mucosal lining of the stomach.

Aim: We aimed to identify any association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-positive gastritis and simple inflammatory markers derived from a complete blood count such as the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR).

Material and Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study in which we included patients who underwent an upper digestive endoscopy with biopsy between January 2019 and December 2020 and were diagnosed with gastritis. H. pylori status was determined from the histopathological examination, and complete blood count was performed from venous blood samples. The final study group included 125 patients with H. pylori-positive chronic gastritis, and the control group was made up by 207 patients without H. pylori infection.

Results: We found a higher value of the PLR in H. pylori-positive patients than in the control group, but the difference was not significant statistically.

Conclusions: PLR levels could be a predictor of inflammation in H. pylori infection, but an extensive study is needed to confirm this theory.
Teaching literature at Slovak secondary schools (Text and context in literary education)
Authors: Vitézová Eva
Published: February 2022

The teaching of literature (and at the same time the teaching of the history of national literature) together with education in the field of the mother tongue has always been one of the key areas of education in the Slovak school system, therefore they have always received due and even special attention. Literary education (teaching literature) is a specific school process of literary communication and metacommunication, which can be interpreted in two ways in secondary school conditions: the first represents literary education as a traditional and stable part of the subject Slovak language and literature. Its goal is to prepare the pupil for the maturita exam. The second view presents literary education as a way to search for the meaning of human life through a functional chain of reception and interpretation of artistic texts. A fundamental problem of current education in the field of literature is the transfer of information from the latest scientific research into school practice. Another long-term and permanent problem of teaching literature at Slovak grammar schools and secondary schools is that literary education practice overestimates the informative component of the curriculum focused on memory acquisition. The paper introduces and discusses the number of theoretical and practical problems which arise in connection with the above-mentioned problems, as well as with teaching literary analysis and organizing the complex of tasks related to the meaningful reading of literary texts.
Europe as an extended Greece: Travelogues by Karl Kerényi and Gábor Devecseri
Authors: Polgár Anikó
Published: February 2022

This study is dealing with the travel notes and diaries in Hungarian and German from the 1950s and 1960s. The two examined authors are Karl (Károly) Kerényi (1897–1973) and Gábor Devecseri (1917–1971). Kerényi’s travel notes and diaries reveal the thoughts of a very wide-ranging scholar. Devecseri’s volume Crickets of Epidaurus, Sing (Epidauroszi tücskök, szóljatok) is actually a collection, condensed into the history of four trips: three to Greece and one to Italy. The present study examines the characteristics of these two perspectives, namely, the Western vs. the Eastern, the classic scholar’s vs. the scholarly poet’s using the contexts of travelogues and cultural memory as a point of departure. While for Kerényi, travel is a natural way of life, Devecseri travels and uses his idea based on his reading experiences as starting points. In the texts of both authors, we are confronted with both the archival and the current way of life of cultural memory.
Between the urge to know and the need to deny: trauma and embodied memories in Margaret Atwood’s Cat’s Eye (1988)
Authors: Lecheheb Ikram
Published: February 2022

The study intends to explore and analyze the role of corporeality in expressing earlier repressed traumatic events as manifested in Margaret Atwood’s Cat’s Eye (1988). It shows that the protagonist, Elaine Risley, is imprisoned within the prison of her traumatic past memories that still live involuntarily in her present, shaping her language and behavior. It equally reveals that the connection between the protagonist’s body and her conscious self is damaged due to overwhelming effects of her trauma; triggering her body to unconsciously project those traumatic memories. The study specifically examines how Atwood’s protagonist’s trauma returns through the cracks of her consciousness in a form of auditory and verbal hallucinations and dissociation from herself. In order to probe the connection between soma and trauma in Atwood’s novel, the study leans on a distillation of psychological theorizations; particularly Sigmund Freud’s emphasis on the somatic expression of trauma. Through a textual analysis of Atwood’s novel, the study highlights that trauma is responsible for the protagonist’s anxiety, fear and loss of language, seeking to examine how Atwood’s protagonist strives to heal from her earlier traumatic memories through different mediums including art.
Understanding gender bias toward physicians using online doctor reviews
Authors: Gupta Sonam , Jordan Kayla
Published: February 2022

Gender bias continues to be an ongoing issue in the field of medicine. While bias may come in many forms, patients’ biases and perceptions have been understudied and may impact adherence to treatment, leading to unequal outcomes. Online reviews for doctors are a naturalistic way to study gender bias. In this study, we leveraged the LIWC psychological linguistic analysis tool to analyze the language styles of ZocDoc and RateMDs reviews and understand the potential role of gender in patients’ perceptions of their doctors. Mean differences were calculated using bootstrapped hierarchical linear modeling. We found that reviews for female physicians are generally more informal and emotional than those for male physicians. While our study was exploratory, the results suggest that both patients and physicians need to increase their awareness of how their biases may be affecting how they give and receive vital health information.
Education for Advancing the Implementation of the Green Deal Goals for Bioeconomy
Authors: Kalnbalkite Antra , Pubule Jelena , Blumberga Dagnija
Published: February 2022

Evolving complex concepts, such as bioeconomy, in the most effective way, can be applied through the education of students and professionals. In recent years changes in the education system can be observed with the development of knowledge-based learning. Competence-based learning will also be used more and more in higher education. Higher education plays a crucial role in achieving the goals of the Green Deal and the bioeconomy. The main emphasis is on creating new and innovative technologies and methods to achieve these goals. A new master’s study program, ‘Environmental Engineering’, has been established at the Institute of Energy Systems and Environment of Riga Technical University. One of the study directions is ‘Bioeconomy’. Considering the developed direction ‘Bioeconomy’, the importance of this sector is visible. Attention should also be paid to the goals of the Green Deal. This study summarised research on education, bioeconomy and Green Deal topics and analysed the interrelationships between these studies using the VOSviewer tool. During the analysis, it is possible to conclude the main keywords that characterise these studies. The obtained keywords should indicate the development trends of future research, which is in line with education, the ‘Green Deal’, and bioeconomy.
Modeling of Mobile and Fixed Broadband Subscriptions of Countries with Fractional Calculus
Authors: Tuğrul Nisa Özge Önal , Başer Cennet , Ergün Esra , Karaçuha Kamil , Tabatadze Vasil , Eker Sebahattin , Karaçuha Ertuğrul , Şimşek Kevser
Published: February 2022

Today, operators have become the resource of telecommunications data. Therefore, knowledge about subscriptions is easily available for most countries. In recent years, high-speed mobile internet access subscriptions are also increasing rapidly. There are two important subscriptions reviewed by The International Telecommunication Union (ITU): mobile broadband (MBB) subscriptions and Fixed broadband (FBB) subscriptions. In this study, we proposed an original mathematical model employing the fractional analysis theory and evaluate its validity by modeling the mobile broadband and fixed broadband subscriptions of six countries including France, Italy, Turkey, Germany, Spain, and the U.K. Later, we compared the Fractional Model we developed with the Polynomial Model. The results show that the Fractional Model is superior to the conventional Polynomial Model in modeling broadband subscriptions. For all selected countries, our proposed Fractional approach outperforms conventional polynomial regression. For all investigation categories, on average, the fractional approach works better by at least 10% and at most 30%.
Crash Distribution Dataset: Development and Validation for the Undivided Rural Roads in Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Tola Alamirew Mulugeta , Demissie Tamene Adugna , Saathoff Fokke , Gebissa Alemayehu
Published: February 2022

Predicting the number of crashes that may occur as a result of specific highway features is critical in evaluating different treatment or design alternatives. Since different highway geometric characteristics can influence crash distribution datasets, Highway Safety Manual’s (HSM’s) predictive method encourages users to predict crashes based on their severity and collision type proportions. This study used crash data from rural two-way two-lane road segments in the Oromia region over seven years to develop Oromia’s fixed crash distribution dataset on Interactive Highway Safety Design Model (IHSDM) software. The crash distribution dataset has two parts; the crash severity proportions and the collision type percentages. The developed Oromia’s fixed crash distribution dataset was compared and validated against the default HSM crash configuration. As a result, the Crash Prediction Model (CPM) evaluation results confirmed that the developed crash severity proportion (the first part of the crash distribution dataset) estimates are more accurate and closer to the observed values. Furthermore, the findings show that crashes in the Oromia region are severer than in the states where the HSM crash configuration was developed. According to the second part of the crash distribution dataset evaluation (collision type percentage), the developed fixed crash distribution dataset outperforms the default HSM configuration in most collision type proportions, but not in all. For instance, from the ten collision type proportions developed, Right-Angle and sides-wipe collision proportions are predicted more precisely by the default HSM configuration. This points to the need for developing collision type proportion (the second part of the crash distribution dataset) as a function rather than a fixed configuration for a better result, based on the availability of complete crash data (i.e. crash location). In general, the study revealed that in order to exploit the full potential of HSM’s predictive approach, researchers must develop a jurisdiction crash distribution dataset using local crash data. The methodology demonstrated in this study to develop the jurisdiction’s crash distribution dataset has been validated as true thus, safety practitioners are encouraged to adopt it.
A Kalman Filter Based Hybrid Routing Protocol for Efficient Vehicle Connectivity and Traffic Management
Authors: Punia Divya , Kumar Rajender
Published: February 2022

The geographic routing protocols in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are contemplated as most efficacious protocols. Though, such types of protocols communicate a huge quantity of data that influence the network connectivity negatively. Also, out of bound issue is the second major disadvantage of geographic routing protocols. To provide a solution to these impediments, a novel K-PGRP (Kalman filter-Predictive Geographic Routing Protocol) routing protocol is proposed in this paper. K-PGRP is an improvement to PGRP (Predictive Geographic Routing Protocol) routing protocol and wields Kalman filter as a prediction module in PGRP routing protocol in order to anticipate the neighbor location and to select the propitious neighbor for advancing packets in both urban and highway framework which leads to efficient connectivity in the network and improves road safety. K-PGRP is then compared with PGRP, GPSR (Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing) and GPCR (Greedy Perimeter Coordinator Routing) routing protocols in terms of throughput and packet delivery ratio metrics and outperformed all the simulation cases. The simulations were performed on MATLAB R2018a along with traffic simulator SUMO.
Reliable and Seamless Communications of Networked IAV in Container Terminal Using UAV Technology
Authors: Bahnes Nacera , Kechar Bouabdellah , Haffaf Hafid
Published: February 2022

Managing container loading and unloading operations at a container terminal using Intelligent Autonomous Vehicle (IAV) is challenging, especially at intersections in the yard, which are often inevitable. For ensuring efficient and accident-free management of these intersections, the IAV must cooperate by exchanging messages. Due to signal obstruction at these intersections, indirect communication is established through an additional relay node to ensure reliable communication. This paper proposes distributed approach using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) connectivity to avoid collision and deadlock between IAV at intersections. Due to the obstacles formed by stacked containers blocking the radio transmissions, the proposed algorithm automatically switches the ongoing communication through the UAV to ensure successful communication at intersections. Thus, the idea of introducing UAV as communication relay in a container terminal is an interesting solution that we have adopted in this work. Simulation techniques are used to evaluate our proposal. The obtained results confirm that our UAV-based approach ensures reliable communication and automated intersections management in the yard while further ensuring the safety of IAV traffic.
Occupancy Estimation at Bus Stops Through Wi-Fi Connectivity Assessment – A Study in Guayaquil City
Authors: Cheme Viviana Mero , Martinez Martin Herrera , Durango Rayner , Padilla V. Sanchez
Published: February 2022

Guayaquil is one of the most congested cities on the American continent. Several users cannot access on-time transport service according to the demand requested at bus stops. This work presents a simulation of the Wi-Fi technology to determine the number of users present at a bus stop. The objective is to know an estimation of them in different time intervals throughout the day, which could be useful for several actions, e.g., to set up a better distribution of transportation schedules or to place the bus stops in more demanding sites by users. The methodology included simulation scenarios for user counting at the bus stops. The results depicted that Wi-Fi technology performed suitable even in high-level attenuation scenarios.
Ammonia as Clean Shipping Fuel for the Baltic Sea Region
Authors: Gerlitz Laima , Mildenstrey Eike , Prause Gunnar
Published: February 2022

The international shipping industry transports about 90 per cent of the global trade volume and is responsible for only two per cent of the anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. Consequently, the shipping sector is considered as an environmentally friendly transport mode. Nevertheless, global shipping can also improve its environmental footprint. So that in recent years clean shipping initiatives have been placed on the political agenda with the implementation of the Sulphur Emission Control Area (SECA) and Nitrogen Emission Control Area (ECA) regulations and the Global Cap. The next target of the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) in the sequel of the Paris Agreement of climate protection is dedicated to reduction of the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions by up to 50 % until the year 2050.

The paper investigates and discusses the research questions to what extent ammonia can be used in Baltic Sea Region (BSR) to propel merchant vessels and how ammonia can fulfil future demands under technical, economic and infrastructural aspects to become the green fuel for the Baltic Sea Region (BSR) shipping industry. The study benchmarks the properties of ammonia as marine fuel against Marine Gas Oil (MGO) and Liquified Natural Gas (LNG). The research is based on secondary data analysis that is complemented by expert interviews and case studies, and the results are empirically validated by data that were collected during the EU projects “EnviSuM”, “GoLNG”, “CSHIPP” and “Connect2SmallPorts” that took place within the last four years in the BSR.
LIVING AND TEACHING DURING COVID-19: THE DAMAGES AND BENEFITS OF TELEWORK
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, MIȘU Sorina Ioana , TRICULESCU Monica ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
Published: February 2022

The pandemic of COVID-19 represented a turning point for educational systems across the world, whether we speak of pre-university systems or university ones. As most of the teaching activities used to happen within offline contexts, moving almost all the processes in an online environment represented a huge challenge for everybody. Thousands of people had to adapt to telework overnight and this situation brought both opportunities as well as unpleasant changes. Hence, the present paper, through descriptive research, intends to analyze from the teachers' point of view, the damages and benefits of telework over the past year and a half. It is our intention in the present study to highlight thoroughly the features of telework in the Romanian educational system, along with an inventory of teachers’ perspectives regarding this change. We assume that such a study is of great importance as the pandemic is not over yet and we envision a future in which telework will become a normal part of the teaching activities. Thereafter, learning from today’s lessons will help us all build a better tomorrow for teaching the next generations.
INDONESIAN CAPITAL MARKET INVESTORS’ REACTION TO THE EVENTS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors:   Universitas Gajayana Malang, Malang, Indonesia, SUMARMI Ani , SAWITRI Dyah ,   Universitas Gajayana Malang, Malang, Indonesia, MUAWANAH Umi ,   Universitas Gajayana Malang, Malang, Indonesia, HALIM Abdul ,   Universitas Gajayana Malang, Malang, Indonesia
Published: February 2022

This study aims to analyze which sectors are affected by the announcement of the first Covid-19 patient and the announcement of the new normal in terms of abnormal returns, trading volume activity, market capitalization, and net foreign sell. The samples used were stocks included in the Kompas 100 index. Data were analyzed using an event study non-parametric statistical approach to Corrado rank test, Wilcoxon Sign Rank test, and statistically parametric paired sample t-test using Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 26 applications. The results of the study show that the announcement of the first Covid-19 patient did not have a significant impact on the average abnormal stock return in all business sectors. However, on the fifth day after the event, there was a significant negative abnormal return in all sectors other than the technology sector. The cyclical consumer sector and the non-cyclical consumer sector were the most affected with a negative average abnormal return. The non-cyclical consumer sector also experienced an increase in net foreign sell. Furthermore, these two sectors experienced a good recovery at the time of the announcement of the implementation of the new normal policy in terms of increasing the average transaction volume in the cyclical consumer sector, and in terms of increasing market capitalization in the noncyclical consumer sector. The technology sector was the only sector that was not significantly affected on the fifth day after the announcement of the first Covid-19 patient.
ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL DISTRESS DETERMINANTS AND THE ROLE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE FOR RISK MITIGATION ON LISTED INDONESIAN MANUFACTURING COMPANIES: COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors:   Swiss German University, South Tangerang, Indonesia, RARASSATI Jessica Putri , BUSTAMAN Yosman ,   Swiss German University, South Tangerang, Indonesia
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of COVID-19 on financial distress; additionally, this paper also analyzes the link of financial ratio and corporate governance on financial distress. This study uses panel data regression analysis method to estimate the relationship between variables. Financial ratios used in this study are Return on Equity (ROE), Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) and firm size, meanwhile several corporate governance measurements that are applied in this research consist of institutional ownership, commissionaires independent and board size. The measurement will also be aggregated into its sub-sector which consists of Consumer Goods Industry (CGI), miscellaneous industry and basic and chemical industry. It is found that, COVID-19 pandemic statistically impacted financial distress of manufacturing companies in Indonesia as it is proven by T-Test and also regression analysis method. The result reveals that Debt to Asset (DAR) which is the measurement of leverage owned by company, positively affected financial distress of manufacturing companies in Indonesia. The greater the leverage, the greater the risk of financial distress. Despite the discrepancy with previous studies results, the result shows that the numbers of commissionaires independent on manufacturing companies in Indonesia pose significant positive effect on financial distress. Action taken by Chief of Manufacturing companies in Indonesia during this COVID-19 crisis impact the survival of company. Manufacturing companies need to mitigate risk by maintaining higher profitability (ROE) and asset as measured by firm size, lowering debt value. On corporate governance site, companies need to consider limiting the number of independent commissionaires leading the company and gaining more intuitional investor.
RETURN SPILLOVER BETWEEN THE U.S., JAPANESE, AND INDONESIAN STOCK MARKET DURING COVID-19
Authors:   Universitas Multimedia Nusantara, Banten, Indonesia, DEWI Cynthia Sari , KURNIASARI Florentina ,   Universitas Multimedia Nusantara, Banten, Indonesia, DEWI Helena ,   Universitas Multimedia Nusantara, Banten, Indonesia, ENDARTO Eko ,   Universitas Multimedia Nusantara, Banten, Indonesia, NIZAR Nurhuda ,   Universiti Teknologi Mara, Alam Selangor, Malaysia
Published: February 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic brings effects to global stock market. Information from one country is integrated to the whole world which causes the return transmission between stock markets. This research investigates the return spillover effect between the US (S&P 500), Japanese (Nikkei 225), and Indonesian (JCI) stock market during the peak of Covid-19 pandemic period. Data is examined using Eviews version 12 with Granger-causality test. Results show that S&P 500 and Nikkei 225 indexes influence the return of JCI, but not the other way around. On top of that, S&P 500 and Nikkei 225 indexes influence each other. Moreover, results also indicate that information about Covid-19 is integrated between the US, Japanese, and Indonesian stock market hence affecting the return in JCI. These findings are useful to investors and policymakers regarding to US and Japan economic information which can influence return in JCI.
BLUETOOTH LOW ENERGY (BLE) FOR TRACKING AND DATA ANALYTICS TOWARDS MICE HYBRID VISITORS IN THE NEW NORMAL COVID-19 ERA
Authors:   Swiss German University, Tangerang, Indonesia, GALINIUM Maulahikmah , FERDINAND Gregorius ,   Swiss German University, Tangerang, Indonesia, DYONDRA Daniel Amazia ,   Swiss German University, Tangerang, Indonesia, ZUHDI Raka ,   Swiss German University, Tangerang, Indonesia, PURNAMA James ,   Swiss German University, Tangerang, Indonesia, KHO I Eng ,   Swiss German University, Tangerang, Indonesia
Published: February 2022

MICE (Meeting, Incentive, Conference, Exhibition) has shown a significant promise in its industry growth by virtue of its usage in some Indonesia’s big events, such as the 2018 G20 Summit held in Bali. MICE is important for seeing the visitors at a different angle, such as having an insight on the most visited booth of the event, how long the visitors spend time in one booth, and so on. The need of an application on this research for tracking visitors will be high especially during this Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, to support the Indonesia economy recovery for years to come, especially on the MICE, a visitor tracking application is developed and tested. The purpose of this research is to develop algorithm for measuring the distance between visitors and the visitor density of a certain area in real time. This algorithm is implemented in the MICE event’s visitor mobile tracking application which uses Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data Analytics as their foundation to embrace the new normal. The six BLE Beacons were tested by a testing app developed using a Javascript framework called React Native. The app is used to capture the packet broadcasted by the Beacons. The app uses a third-party library developed by Kontakt.io. In conclusion, among 6 beacons have been tested, Digoo Bytereal iBeacon BLE 4.0 and DS Beacon V1.0 are the most versatile and will be used in the next experiments.
THE IMPORTANCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AND JOB SATISFACTION ON WORK PRODUCTIVITY AND INTENTION TO QUIT IN THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC ERA
Authors:   STIE Malangkucecwara, Malang, Indonesia, RATNASARI Siwi Dyah
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of: 1) Organizational commitment to intention to quit. 2) Organizational commitment to productivity. 3) Job satisfaction on productivity. 4) Job satisfaction on intention to quit. 5) Work productivity on intention to quit. This research methodology uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. Employees of PT. Johnson & Johnson Indonesia, especially in the Medical Department, became the research population of 70 people throughout Indonesia. The number of samples was 60 people who were taken using the Slovin method. 60 questionnaires were distributed, 46 questionnaires deserved to be analyzed. Path analysis is used as a data analysis technique. The results of this study are: 1) Organizational commitment has a significant negative effect on intention to quit. 2) Organizational commitment has a significant positive effect on work productivity. 3) Job satisfaction has a significant positive effect on work productivity. 4) Job satisfaction has no effect on intention to quit. 5. Work productivity has a significant negative effect on intention to quit. The limitation of the research is the distribution of the questionnaire using the Google form so that it is possible to miss the information obtained. Contribution: This research provides a discourse to PT Johnson & Johnson Indonesia especially in the Medical Department that in this pandemic era employees have no intention of moving to another organization because of their high commitment even though they are actually not satisfied with the salary they receive, even though they have the opportunity.
Peculiarities of the folk songwriting of China on the example of melodies of the northern province of Hebei and the southern province of Guizhou
Authors: Potekhina Alena Evgenevna , Kvashnina Tatyana Ivanovna
Published: February 2022

This article examines the melodies of the northern province of Hebei and the southern province of Guizhou as an example for considering the features of Chinese folk songwriting. This work can serve as a reference material for those who study culture, in particular the musical art of China, as well as the translation of Chinese folk art materials. The author focuses on the influence of cultural and social features of the development of society on the folk art of China, and notes that it is very diverse. The first song of Hebei is called "Little cabbage" and tells the sad story of a little girl who lost her mother. The second song "Sun is shining on Baiyan" first appeared in the southern province of Guizhou and depicts the development of the relationship between a man and a woman through symbols and images. This article is first to provides commented translations of the two Chinese folk songs in Russian and English. Based on the analysis of the melodies and lyrics of "Little cabbage" and "Sun is shining on Baiyan", the author draws the following conclusions: natural and socio-cultural realities strongly influence the tunes of songs; symbolism and the use of metaphors are a specific feature of the Chinese folk songwriting; folk songs, as well as musical art overall in China, are built on a pentatonic scale; Chinese folk songs are characterized by unison singing.
Vaccine diplomacy during the COVID-19 pandemic on the example of the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Filipović Aleksa
Published: February 2022

The scale of the global COVID-19 pandemic is unprecedented. The COVID-19 vaccines have not only become an indispensable weapon for countering the pandemic, but also are the attribute of technological and scientific prestige of the countries that developed the vaccines. Although the term "vaccine diplomacy" is not new, it may have become much more relevant during the global pandemic. The goal of this research lies in the analysis of vaccine diplomacy of China, the European Union, and the Russia Federation with regards to the Republic of Serbia during the global COVID-19 pandemic. Description is given to the Serbia's participation in the own vaccine diplomacy on the global scale. The novelty of this research consists in comparative analysis of the efforts of "vaccine diplomacy" of the EU, China, and Russia towards Serbia. The research provides the latest results of the survey on the topic of Serbian citizens and their perceptions of foreign aid received during the COVID-19 pandemic. The conclusion is made that medical aid rendered by China and Russia to Serbia was well received by the Serbian government, government-aligned mass media, and society. However, the financial and medical aid provided by the European Union was neither significantly advertised by the media, nor changed the attitudes of Serbian society towards the EU. At the same time, the Serbian government has engaged in the own vaccine diplomacy in order to strengthen ties with the former allies of Yugoslavia from the Non-Aligned Movement.
Formation of the image of Buddhism in Russia (late XIX – early XX centuries)
Authors: Nesterkin Sergei
Published: February 2022

The goal of this work is to examine the sources of establishment of the image of Buddhism in the Russian cultural environment, as well as determine the degree of representativeness of this image. The author outlines the three primary sources: 1) academic research works of the Western Schools of Buddhism (based on Pali and Sanskrit material); 2) research carried out within the framework of the Russian School of Buddhology (mainly based on Tibetan and Mongolian material); 3) research of the Russian Orthodox missionaries. It is determined that the key theoretical provision developed in the Anglo-Germanic School of Buddhology is  the thesis on the authenticity of Theravāda Buddhism, which is considered as the "original,” and its other forms such as Mahāyāna and Vajrayāna) are its later modifications that emerged under the influence of external factors. The main features of Buddhism in Western Buddhology include: 1) Buddha Shakyamuni was not a transcendental being; 2) his nirvana is understood nihilistically, as the complete cessation of the process of existence; 3)  Buddhism denies the existence of soul; 4) the existence of God alongside the idea of the transcendental are also denied. Despite the fact that the research based on Mahāyāna and Vajrayāna material demonstrate the failure of such assessments, the aforementioned theses continued to be reproduced. This is explained by the interest of certain significant social groups in such image of Buddhism. Firstly, this view was supported by many Orthodox figures. The interpretation of Buddhism as a philosophical-ethical rather than religious system propelled Buddhism beyond the boundaries of the religious search for people who find foothold in faith. Secondly, similar interpretation entailed the antagonistic attitudes of scholars and scientifically oriented society. Rational aspects of Buddhism that align it with science were uncritically overemphasized. Buddhism was viewed as an ally of the scientific way of thinking, completely alien to faith.
Modern trends in regulation of the social practice of artificial termination of pregnancy in Volgograd Region (sociological aspect)
Authors: Shelest Marina Viktorovna
Published: February 2022

The subject of this research is the key trends in regulation of the social practice of artificial termination of pregnancy (abortion) in modern society. The article provides a theoretical analysis of the question, an overview of normative legal documents of various levels, as well as the results of in-depth interviews with the representatives of organizations of Volgograd Region dealing with prevention of abortions (2021). Description is given to such forms of countering abortions as information awareness of the population about contraceptives and promotion of healthy lifestyle, family values, and pre-abortion counseling, which implies that women must apply to medical institution for termination of pregnancy. The author highlights the merits, flaws and prospects of each of these methods. The conclusion is made that there are currently two vectors in regulation of the spread of social practice of artificial termination of pregnancy – prior to pregnancy or after. The latter, which consists in pre-abortion counseling, is most advanced. However, the modern trend towards minimization and the strict limit of the number of children in family, as well as the emergence of medical-induced abortion that allows a woman to do the procedure at home, make this direction ineffective. A less advances, but more promising trend is preventive work with the individuals long before pregnancy, the forms of which require expansion, systematization and elaboration. The author's contribution lies in outlining the prospects for further application of the listed forms and determining the problematic aspects in the development of each one. The acquired conclusions can be used by state and municipal authorities in terms of elaboration and implementation of the regional demographic programs, as well as implementation of the concepts of demographic and youth policy of the Russian Federation.
The representations of "Latin captivity" in the Russian history of philosophy
Authors: Sizov Sergei Evgenievich
Published: February 2022

The subject of this research is the history of the concept of "Latin captivity" since its articulation among senior Slavophiles and namely Y. F. Samarin to modern version of the Archpriest G. Florovsky and Priest V. Zenkovsky, as well as om the context of modern research on the history of Russian religious philosophy. Although the very concept of "Latin captivity" has become fundamental for assessing the interaction of theology and philosophy in the Russian religious thought, it is being increasingly criticized due to explicit reductionism and slating facts to the research model. The scientific novelty lies in description of the history of existence of the historical-philosophical concept of "Latin captivity", including not only the study of its genesis, but also the analysis of ongoing polemics around its correspondence with the scientific data. The article determines the merits and demerits of the concept, as well as the prospects for its implementation in the context of scientific works on the history of religious philosophy. The study demonstrates that although the idea of the "Latin captivity" provided the fertile ground, a certain simple myth for describing the history of philosophy, it can be replaced by other concurrent theories that better cope with the same task of creating a single methodological framework for historical-philosophical research.