bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Language experience in LSF development: Behavioral evidence from a sentence repetition task
Authors: Bogliotti Caroline , Aksen Hatice , Isel Frédéric
Published: November 2020

In psycholinguistics and clinical linguistics, the Sentence Repetition Task (SRT) is known to be a valuable tool to screen general language abilities in both spoken and signed languages. This task enables users to reliably and quickly assess linguistic abilities at different levels of linguistic analysis such as phonology, morphology, lexicon, and syntax. To evaluate sign language proficiency in deaf children using French Sign Language (LSF), we designed a new SRT comprising 20 LSF sentences. The task was administered to a cohort of 62 children– 34 native signers (6;09–12 years) and 28 non-native signers (6;08–12;08 years)–in order to study their general linguistic development as a function of age of sign language acquisition (AOA) and chronological age (CA). Previously, a group of 10 adult native signers was also evaluated with this task. As expected, our results showed a significant effect of AOA, indicating that the native signers repeated more signs and were more accurate than non-native signers. A similar pattern of results was found for CA. Furthermore, native signers made fewer phonological errors (i.e., handshape, movement, and location) than non-native signers. Finally, as shown in previous sign language studies, handshape and movement proved to be the most difficult parameters to master regardless of AOA and CA. Taken together, our findings support the assumption that AOA is a crucial factor in the development of phonological skills regardless of language modality (spoken vs. signed). This study thus constitutes a first step toward a theoretical description of the developmental trajectory in LSF, a hitherto understudied language.
InhA inhibitors have activity against non-replicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Flint Lindsay , Korkegian Aaron , Parish Tanya
Published: November 2020

We previously identified a diazaborine series with potential for development as a new tuberculosis drug. This series has activity in vitro and in vivo and targets cell wall biosynthesis via inhibition of InhA. The overall aim of this study was to determine whether InhA inhibitors have activity against non-replicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We tested the ability of two molecules of the diazaborine series to kill non-replicating M. tuberculosis in the nutrient starvation model; both molecules were bactericidal, reducing viability by >3 logs in 21 days. Activity showed similar kill rates to other InhA inhibitors (isoniazid and NITD-916). We conclude that inhibition of InhA is bactericidal against nutrient-starved non-replicating M. tuberculosis.
Intervention through Short Messaging System (SMS) and phone call alerts reduced HbA1C levels in ~47% type-2 diabetics–results of a pilot study
Authors: Kundury Kanakavalli K. , Hathur Basavanagowdappa
Published: November 2020

Purpose

Despite extensive research and newer methods of interventions, the incidence and prevalence of diabetes is increasing at an alarming rate. Currently, according to world health organization (WHO) statistics, 422 million individuals are suffering from diabetes worldwide. In India, recent estimates have reported a significant increase in the number of diabetics in the last decade. Poor dietary habits, minimal adherence to treatment regimens, lack of timely education are some of the contributing factors for increasing incidence and huge economic burden; which can be handled by life style behavior modifications backed up by hand holding through continuous education. Prior studies have demonstrated the efficacy of various self-management tools and educational programs in better disease management behaviors among individuals with diabetes. Among various self-management tools, educating the individuals and alerting them using mobile phone calls and short messaging system (SMS) are widely accepted due to (a) the increasing mobile phone users and (b) availability of short messaging systems in local languages in the recent years. Therefore, a pilot study was conducted to determine the benefit of educating patients through phone calls and SMS in the self-management of diabetes.

Objectives

The objective of the study is to determine the feasibility and utility of SMS and phone call-based interventions in the management of diabetes by comparing the HbA1c values.

Methodology

The study was conducted for a period of 14 months from December 2017 till Feb 2019. Out of 380 individuals initially enrolled into the study, 120 had completed the 14-months period. Diabetes education through SMS and phone calls was provided on regular basis, and HbA1C levels at baseline, 8-months and 14-months quantified. In addition, feedback on patients’ satisfaction and utility of the SMS / Phone calls was collected using questionnaires.

Results

Data from our study demonstrated that after 8-months of intervention through phone calls, a significant increase in the number of individuals with HbA1c in the range of 5.1 to 7.0 was observed (from 27 individuals at base line to 37 individuals after 8-months intervention). Much more significant improvement in the number of individuals with lower HbA1c was observed at 14-months of intervention, indicating the benefit of regular phone call-based system in managing diabetes. A Chi square (χ2) test was performed to examine if the frequencies in the cells varied at baseline and at 8 and 14 months.

Conclusion

Chronic diseases like diabetes needs awareness and education to patients in adopting disease self-management practices. As mobile phone users are increasing in number, providing diabetes management education through mobile phone intervention could be a viable strategy for controlling diabetes.
Helicobacter pylori infection reduces TAMs infiltration in a mouse model of AOM/DSS induced colitis-associated cancer
Authors: Li Luo-na , Liu Yun , Zhang Hong-chen , Wu Ting , Dai Yun , Wang Wei-hong
Published: November 2020

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) increases the risk of colitis-associated cancer (CAC). Evidences suggest that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is associated with a low risk of IBD and protects against experimental colitis in mouse models. However, the effect of H. pylori infection in CAC remains unclear. We previously reported that H. pylori infection increased M2 macrophages in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced chronic colitis. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a pivotal role in colon cancer. Therefore, we established a H. pylori-infected CAC mouse model induced by azoxymethane and DSS to explore the effect of H. pylori infection on TAMs in CAC. Here, we demonstrated that H. pylori infection attenuated the development of CAC by decreasing tumor multiplicity, tumor size, tumor grade and colitis scores. Moreover, H. pylori infection reduced the infiltration of TAMs, particularly M2-like TAMs in CAC tumors, accompanied with the down-regulated pro-inflammatory and pro-tumorigenic factors TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-23 in tumors of CAC mice. Our study suggests that H. pylori infection can reduce TAMs infiltration and regulate cytokines expression in CAC.
Evaluating the U.S. Air Quality Index as a risk communication tool: Comparing associations of index values with respiratory morbidity among adults in California
Authors: Cromar Kevin R. , Ghazipura Marya , Gladson Laura A. , Perlmutt Lars
Published: November 2020

Background

The Air Quality Index (AQI) in the United States is widely used to communicate daily air quality information to the public. While use of the AQI has led to reported changes in individual behaviors, such behavior modifications will only mitigate adverse health effects if AQI values are indicative of public health risks. Few studies have assessed the capability of the AQI to accurately predict respiratory morbidity risks.

Methods and findings

In three major regions of California, Poisson generalized linear models were used to assess seasonal associations between 1,373,165 respiratory emergency department visits and short-term exposure to multiple metrics between 2012–2014, including: daily concentrations of NO2, O3, and PM2.5; the daily reported AQI; and a newly constructed health-based air quality index. AQI values were positively associated (average risk ratio = 1.03, 95% CI 1.02–1.04) during the cooler months of the year (November-February) in all three regions when the AQI was very highly correlated with PM2.5 (R2 ≥ 0.89). During the warm season (March-October) in the San Joaquin Valley region, neither AQI values nor the individual underlying air pollutants were associated with respiratory morbidity. Additionally, AQI values were not positively associated with respiratory morbidity in the Southern California region during the warm season, despite strong associations of the individual underlying air pollutants with respiratory morbidity; in contrast, health-based index values were observed to be significantly associated with respiratory morbidity as part of an applied policy analysis in this region, with a combined risk ratio of 1.02 (95% CI: 1.01–1.03).

Conclusions

In regions where individual air pollutants are associated with respiratory morbidity, and during seasons with relatively simple air mixtures, the AQI can effectively serve as a risk communication tool for respiratory health risks. However, the predictive ability of the AQI and any other index is contingent upon the monitored values being representative of actual population exposures. Other approaches, such as health-based indices, may be needed in order to effectively communicate health risks of air pollution in regions and seasons with more complex air mixtures.
Relationships between body composition and pulmonary function in a community-dwelling population in Japan
Authors: Kawabata Ryosuke , Soma Yuki , Kudo Yutaro , Yokoyama Junichi , Shimizu Hiroyasu , Akaike Arata , Suzuki Daisuke , Katsuragi Yoshihisa , Totsuka Manabu , Nakaji Shigeyuki
Published: November 2020

Pulmonary diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), are major chronic diseases that result in decreased pulmonary function. Relationships between body composition and pulmonary function have been reported. However, few epidemiological studies have used the visceral fat area (VFA) to measure body composition. This study aimed to examine the relationship between body composition and pulmonary function. A cross-sectional study was conducted between 2015 and 2016, using data obtained from 1,287 residents aged between 19 and 91 years living in the Iwaki area of Hirosaki City, a rural region in Aomori Prefecture, Japan. Pulmonary function was evaluated using the forced vital capacity (FVC) as a percentage of the predicted value (predicted FVC%) and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to FVC. The measurements for evaluating body composition included the body fat percentage (BFP) of the whole body and trunk, skeletal muscle index (SMI), body mass index (BMI), VFA, waist circumference (WC) at the navel level, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). To adjust for potential confounders, Spearman’s partial correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between the measurements of body composition and pulmonary function. There were significant correlations between the predicted FVC% and the following parameters: BFP (whole body and trunk) in younger males; SMI in older males; WC, VFA, BMI, and SMI in younger females; and BFP (whole body and trunk) and VFA in older females. Contrastingly, WC and VFA in younger males and WC in younger females were correlated with the FEV1/FVC ratio. VFA was correlated with the FEV1/FVC ratio in younger males and predicted FVC% in older females. These findings suggest that visceral fat accumulation may increase the development of obstructive pulmonary disease in young males and accelerate the decline of pulmonary function (predicted FVC%) in older females.
Impacts of sediment derived from erosion of partially-constructed road on aquatic organisms in a tropical river: The Río San Juan, Nicaragua and Costa Rica
Authors: Touma Blanca Ríos , Kondolf G. Mathias , Walls Scott
Published: November 2020

Throughout the humid tropics, increased land disturbance and concomitant road construction increases erosion and sediment delivery to rivers. Building road networks in developing countries is commonly a priority for international development funding based on anticipated socio-economic benefits. Yet the resulting erosion from roads, which recent studies have shown result in at least ten-fold increases in erosion rates, is not fully accounted for. While effects of road-derived sediment on aquatic ecosystems have been documented in temperate climates, little has been published on the effects of road-induced sediment on aquatic ecosystems in developing countries of the tropics. We studied periphyton biomass and macroinvertebrate communities on the deltas of Río San Juan tributaries, comparing north-bank tributaries draining undisturbed rain forest with south-bank tributaries receiving runoff from a partially-built road experiencing rapid erosion. Periphyton biomass, richness and abundance of macroinvertebrates overall, and richness and abundance of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera were higher on the north-bank tributary deltas than the south-bank tributary deltas. These findings were consistent with prior studies in temperate climates showing detrimental effects of road-derived fine sediment on aquatic organisms. A Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) analysis showed the impacted community on the south-bank deltas was influenced by poorly-sorted substrate with greater proportions of fine sediment and higher water temperatures.
Distal organ inflammation and injury after resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in a porcine model of severe hemorrhagic shock
Authors: Li Yansong , Dubick Michael A. , Yang Zhangsheng , Barr Johnny L. , Gremmer Brandon J. , Lucas Michael L. , Necsoiu Corina , Jordan Bryan S. , Batchinsky Andriy I. , Cancio Leopoldo C.
Published: November 2020

Background and objective

Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of Aorta (REBOA) has emerged as a potential life-saving maneuver for the management of non-compressible torso hemorrhage in trauma patients. Complete REBOA (cREBOA) is inherently associated with the burden of ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) and organ dysfunction. However, the distal organ inflammation and its association with organ injury have been little investigated. This study was conducted to assess these adverse effects of cREBOA following massive hemorrhage in swine.

Methods

Spontaneously breathing and consciously sedated Sinclair pigs were subjected to exponential hemorrhage of 65% total blood volume over 60 minutes. Animals were randomized into 3 groups (n = 7): (1) Positive control (PC) received immediate transfusion of shed blood after hemorrhage, (2) 30min-cREBOA (A30) received Zone 1 cREBOA for 30 minutes, and (3) 60min-cREBOA (A60) given Zone 1 cREBOA for 60 minutes. The A30 and A60 groups were followed by resuscitation with shed blood post-cREBOA and observed for 4h. Metabolic and hemodynamic effects, coagulation parameters, inflammatory and end organ consequences were monitored and assessed.

Results

Compared with 30min-cREBOA, 60min-cREBOA resulted in (1) increased IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in distal organs (kidney, jejunum, and liver) (p< 0.05) and decreased reduced glutathione in kidney and liver (p< 0.05), (2) leukopenia, neutropenia, and coagulopathy (p< 0.05), (3) blood pressure decline (p <0.05), (4) metabolic acidosis and hyperkalemia (p< 0.05), and (5) histological injury of kidney and jejunum (p< 0.05) as well as higher levels of creatinine, AST, and ALT (p< 0.05).

Conclusion

30min-cREBOA seems to be a feasible and effective adjunct in supporting central perfusion during severe hemorrhage. However, prolonged cREBOA (60min) adverse effects such as distal organ inflammation and injury must be taken into serious consideration.
Evidence-based modeling of combination control on Kenyan youth HIV/AIDS dynamics
Authors: Ronoh Marilyn , Chirove Faraimunashe , Wairimu Josephine , Ogana Wandera
Published: November 2020

We formulate a sex-structured deterministic model to study the effects of varying HIV testing rates, condom use rates and ART adherence rates among Adolescent Girls and Young Women (AGYW) and, Adolescent Boys and Young Men (ABYM) populations in Kenya. Attitudes influencing the Kenyan youth HIV/AIDS control measures both positively and negatively were considered. Using the 2012 Kenya AIDS Indicator Survey (KAIS) microdata we constructed our model, which we fitted to the UNAIDS-Kenya youth prevalence estimates to understand factors influencing Kenyan youth HIV/AIDS prevalence trends. While highly efficacious combination control approach significantly reduces HIV/AIDS prevalence rates among the youth, the disease remains endemic provided infected unaware sexual interactions persist. Disproportional gender-wise attitudes towards HIV/AIDS control measures play a key role in reducing the Kenyan youth HIV/AIDS prevalence trends. The female youth HIV/AIDS prevalence trend seems to be directly linked to increased male infectivity with decreased female infectivity while the male youth prevalence trend seems to be directly associated with increased female infectivity and reduced male infectivity.
The Korean Wave celebrity and the birth of the K-drama conglomerate
Authors: Kim Hyun Gyung
Published: November 2020

Existing research on Korean Wave celebrities has focused on their transnational character at the expense of a thorough consideration of the phenomena’s emergence as part of the wider transformation of the Korean broadcasting and entertainment industry. This article draws on the analysis of existing literature and in-depth interviews to demonstrate that Korean Wave celebrity emerges as a result of the flexibilization in the Korean television drama industry’s production process, which in turn is the product of globalization and financialization of the Korean broadcasting industry from the late 1980s and 1990s, respectively. The combined effects of these processes led to the creation of the K-drama conglomerate. Korean Wave celebrity is central to this system, with the celebrity image functioning as fixed capital and rendering invisible the very real labour performed within the K-drama conglomerate. That being so, the K-drama conglomerate and the Korean Wave celebrity are excellent examples of capitalism’s latest manoeuvre: the creation of intangible commodities capable of expanding the channels of profit by attracting attention and rendering related labour invisible.
Análisis cienciométrico de mayor impacto acerca del duelo y la pérdida en personas con discapacidad intelectual
Authors: Martínez Heredia Nazaret
Published: November 2020

El duelo puede definirse como el conjunto de procesos psicológicos y psicosociales que siguen a la pérdida de un ser querido con el que la persona en duelo estaba psicológicamente vinculada, tratándose de una reacción comportamental y emocional causada por la ruptura del vínculo afectivo y manifestándose en forma de sufrimiento. El presente estudio pretende analizar cienciométricamente la producción científica de mayor impacto sobre el duelo y la pérdida en personas con discapacidad intelectual en las principales bases de datos de carácter multidisciplinar: Scopus y Web of Science (WoS). Para ello se delimitaron tres descriptores: “grief”, “bereavement” e “intellectual disability”. El procedimiento se realizó mediante una búsqueda combinada a tres, analizando la información en torno a ocho variables: publicaciones entre los años 2009-2019, número de registros en la producción científica desde los años 2009 a 2019, número de registros por tipología de documentos publicados, número de registros por títulos de las fuentes procedentes de la literatura científica de mayor impacto, número de registros por países, número de registros por instituciones, número de registros por autores y número de citas en artículos. Los resultados muestran que nos encontramos con un campo científico en vías de desarrollo. Es importante trabajar en investigaciones para conocer de manera detallada las características en el proceso de duelo, junto a una herramienta de uso profesional que ayude a determinar las necesidades de apoyo de las personas con discapacidad intelectual.
Resultados personales: una perspectiva longitudinal de la calidad de vida
Authors: Aja Ramos Ramón Enrique , Rus Foronda Jose Ángel , Ezquerro Martínez Ainhoa , Gerolin Pelucci Mirko , Illera Martínez Agustín , Martínez Torres Sergio , Montes Benedicte Carmen , Pernía Vela Gemma
Published: November 2020

Ampros, Anfas, Aspanias, Atades, Gautena, Gorabide y Plena inclusión presentan una investigación cuyo objetivo es evaluar el impacto del plan individualizado en el que se incluyen los objetivos personales, la calidad de vida y la percepción de las personas. Se establecen puntos de referencia en un análisis longitudinal de los resultados. Con carácter previo a la elaboración del plan individual de cada persona, se han evaluado las necesidades de apoyo y la calidad de vida. En total, han participado 77 personas con discapacidad con diferentes necesidades de apoyo. Los objetivos de cada plan individual se han valorado al finalizar el primer año y al acabar el segundo, momento en el cual se volvieron a aplicar las escalas antes citadas. Se observan diferencias significativas en los resultados obtenidos en función de las necesidades de apoyo y la valoración que realizan los profesionales según los años de contacto con la persona con discapacidad. Se deben tener en cuenta las diferencias por la edad de los participantes, los problemas de comportamiento y la consecución de los objetivos individuales.
La incidencia del apoyo social comunitario en la calidad de vida de personas con discapacidad
Authors: González Casas David , Ducca Cisneros Linda Vanina , García Román Carlota
Published: November 2020

La posición, identidad y rol social determinan los niveles de interacción positiva con nuestro entorno y, por ende, la capacidad del individuo para construir un tejido social estable que repercuta en los recursos psicosociales de la persona para afrontar sucesos de índole estresante. El estigma, el aislamiento y el desajuste de los roles sociales positivos fomentan la creación de espacios de exclusión en los que las personas con discapacidad intelectual ven imposibilitado el desarrollo de un plan de vida autónomo y de calidad. Residir en una comunidad no significa ser parte de ella, estar integrado en la misma o participar de forma activa. El trabajo en pro de la calidad de vida debe estar ligado al incremento de las redes sociales de apoyo estables y funcionalmente positivas, de la integración y la participación comunitarias y de la creación de espacios inclusivos que aborden de forma crítica el feedback sociedad-persona con discapacidad intelectual. Los resultados obtenidos a través de la realización de 125 entrevistas a personas tuteladas residentes en centros de atención a personas con discapacidad y/o residencias para personas mayores muestran déficits en los niveles de bienestar psicosocial que correlacionan de forma significativa con la calidad de vida. Además, se analizarán los citados resultados en función del sexo, el grado reconocido de dependencia y el tipo de alojamiento.
Left ventricular systolic function in dogs with pulmonic stenosis
Authors: Trikhun Ploypanut , Surachetpong Sirilak Disatian , Sutayatram Saikaew , Buranakarl Chollada
Published: November 2020

Background and Aim: Pulmonic stenosis (PS) is the most common congenital heart disease in dogs. This condition causes right ventricle (RV) overload and disrupts overall systolic function. The aim of this study was to examine the alterations of cardiac electrical activity and mechanical function in dogs with PS compared to normal healthy dogs. Materials and Methods: The ventricular systolic function of dogs with PS was studied. Dogs were divided into two groups, PS (n=13) and control (CONT) (n=12). Measurements of blood pressure, electrocardiography (ECG), and echocardiography were performed. Results: PS dogs had exercise intolerance, with six experiencing syncope. ECG of PS dogs showed higher amplitudes of P, S, and T waves (p<0.01), and a lower R:S ratio (p<0.001) with longer QRS duration (p<0.001) compared to CONT dogs. Echocardiography demonstrated that the pulmonic flow velocity and pressure gradient (PG) between the RV and the pulmonary artery of PS dogs were significantly higher than CONT dogs (p<0.001). The RV free wall thickness to the left ventricular posterior wall thickness ratio and the right atrium to the left atrium diameter ratio was higher (p<0.001), while interventricular septum (IVS) was thicker (p<0.01) in PS dogs compared with CONT dogs (p<0.001). The systolic function in PS dogs showed higher pulmonic valve velocity time integral (PVVTI) value (p<0.001) and longer pulmonic valve ejection time (ET) (p<0.05) than CONT dogs. However, aortic valve VTI (AVVTI) value and aortic valve ET were not significantly different between the groups, although fractional shortening in PS dogs was higher. In PS dogs, PG showed a significant positive correlation with PVVTI:AVVTI ratio (p<0.05). Conclusion: PS had prolonged pulmonic valve opening. The thickening of the RV wall and IVS can cause a detrimental reduction of the left ventricular preload in PS dogs.
Efficacy of novel antiseptic product containing essential oil of Lippia origanoides to reduce intramammary infections in cows
Authors: Marcelo Natalia Arantes , Andrade Viviane Aguiar , Souza Cintya Neves , Mourão Rodrigo Pereira , Mourthe Mário Henrique França , Silva Lívia Mara Vitorino , Xavier Alessandra Rejane Ericsson de Oliveira , Xavier Mauro Aparecido de Sousa , Faraco André Augusto Gomes , Almeida Anna Christina
Published: November 2020

Background and Aim: The use of antimicrobials in the control of mastitis is of concern in public health due to their inefficiency in targeting microorganisms. Studies with medicinal plants have risen as an alternative to the use of conventional products. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an experimental disinfectant based on the essential oil (EO) from Lippia origanoides in preventing the development of new intramammary infections (IMI) in Holstein cows.

Materials and Methods: The conventional protocol of pre- and post-milking was used and the control (Conventional treatment [CNV]) and experimental (Experimental treatment [PEX]) products containing EO at 120 μL/mL were applied by immersion. Individual milk samples were analyzed using sheep blood agar methodologies and biochemical tests. The efficiency of the treatment was defined by the presence or absence of Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus spp.

Results: There were no clinical and subclinical mastitis cases, no lesions in the mucosal of teats, nor dirt score between groups in this study. Both treatments did not influence the occurrence of IMI.

Conclusion: The results revealed that PEX acts efficiently against microorganisms compared to the disinfection by the conventional product demonstrating the efficacy of the alternative product on the prevention of new IMIs in dairy cows.
LIMITES E POSSIBILIDADES DE MELHORIA DOS PROGRAMAS DE WHISTLEBLOWERS PARA O COMBATE À CORRUPÇÃO NO BRASIL
Authors: Varella Marcelo D. , Dematté Flávio R.
Published: November 2020

Este artigo faz uma análise dos programas de whistleblowers, partindo da sua origem no direito norte-americano, Europeu até a sua consolidação no cenário internacional. Parte-se da premissa que o programa de proteção de denunciantes é essencial para o avanço do combate a corrupção no Brasil. A metodologia consiste em examinar os elementos normativos e comportamentais que configuram a estrutura e a efetividade destes programas, explicar como o tema se desenvolveu em vários países no mundo. Em seguida, mostrar quais os principais pontos que foram objeto de aperfeiçoamento nos demais países e discutidos no tribunais internacionais. Depois, como o tema foi construído no Brasil. Por fim, a luz das experiências internacionais e das discussões na ENCCLA, propor melhorias à legislação brasileira. Conclui-se que o o programa de proteção de testemunhas precisa ser aperfeiçoado, em virtude das experiências encontradas na sua implementação e propõe tais alterações.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF APPROACHES FOR INTEGRATED PROCESSING AND UTILIZATION OF ALDER BARK
Authors: Kushner Marina Aleksandrovna , Seliverstova Tamara Semenovna
Published: November 2020

With the aim of developing new approaches to the utilization of bark and the provision of more broad-spectrum of nutrients suggested and tested scheme of sequential extraction of the bark of black alder (Alnus glutinosa) industrial debarking. The study from the bark of the alder isolated and characterized by spectral and some extractive substances – triterpenoids (betulin, etc.), diarylheptanoid and pectin, anthocyanidin dyes. It is shown that the composition of water-ethanol extracts of alder bark includes phenolic compounds (flavonoids), tannins, diarylheptanoids, saponins. These substances have broad and proven biological activity and pharmacological value. Experimental data of the study of adsorption activity indicate that the bark subjected to successive extraction treatment to obtain biologically active substances is an effective sorbent that does not require additional activation. The results allow us to begin the development, creation and implementation of low-and waste-free technologies that allow the maximum and most fully extract valuable components of alder bark, turning them into useful products, also to eliminate or reduce the damage caused to the environment as a result of emissions of industrial waste into the air, water and soil.
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF TRITERPENE GLYCOSIDE (CORTUSOSIDE A) FROM CORTUSA MATTHIOLI L. PLANT
Authors: Beshley Igor' Vasil'yevich , Bezmaternykh Kseniya Viktorovna , Shirshova Tat'yana Ivanovna , Volodin Vladimir Vital'yevich , Smirnova Galina Vasil'yevna
Published: November 2020

The antioxidant activity of triterpene glycoside, first isolated from the aboveground part of the plant Cortusa matthioli L. and identified as β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-α-L-arabinopyranoside-(1→3)-13β,28-epoxyolean-30-al-3β,16α-diol (cortusoside A), is studied. Tests for the ability of cortusoside A to bind 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals did not reveal any activity of this compound. However, in experiments to study the ability to chelate Fe2+ ions, its sufficiently high iron chelating activity was found, which was only 2.24 times lower compared to the powerful Fe2+ chelator dipyridyl. The EC50 values for cortusoside A and dipyridyl were 0.417±0.057 and 0.186±0.018 mM, respectively. Literature analysis has shown that the structural analogue of cortusoside A, saxifragifolin B, has a much weaker iron chelating ability (13,4 times) compared to the standard Fe2+ EDTA-Na2 ion chelator, as well as a weak ability to bind free radicals of DPPH compared to the reference antioxidants – catechin and ascorbic acid (50 and 32 times, respectively). Despite the structural identity of the molecules cortusoside A and saxifragifolin B, low radiculopathy activity cortusosoide A may be due to differences in the structure of these substances (optical or geometric isomerism), as well as different methods were used in its definition.
Az érzelmek és az észlelt kontroll szerepe a vállalati panaszkezelés során
Authors: Kenesei Zsófia , Kolos Krisztina
Published: November 2020

A szerzők kutatásukban az igazságosságelmélet egy újfajta megközelítését alkalmazzák a vevői panaszhelyzetek vizsgálatánál. Elemzik, hogy az alkalmazottak érzelemkimutatása és a vevő által észlelt kontroll hogyan hatnak a vevői elégedettségre. A kutatás támaszkodik a pszichológia és a szervezeti magatartás fogalomrendszerére mint az érzelmi munka, az érzelemátvitel érzelmek mint szociális információk (EASI) és az észlelt kontroll. A kutatás két lépcsőből áll: egyrészt kvalitatív megközelítést alkalmaztak, amely során alkalmazottakkal (n=30) és fogyasztókkal készült mélyinterjú (n=30), másrészt faktoriális típusú kísérletet végeztek különböző szcenáriók felhasználásával egy általános fogyasztói mintán (n=580). Az eredmények szerint az alkalmazottak érzelemkimutatása és az észlelt kontroll szignifikáns hatással vannak a fogyasztók elégedettségére, e főhatásokat további interakciók is jellemzik.
A New Role for Management of the Social Sciences in an Age of Complexity
Authors: Jensen Jody
Published: November 2020

A particular scientific world view has become dominant, influential and successful in modern sciences today. Science and technology have transformed the way we view ourselves, our societies and our place in the cosmos. However, just as science and technology seem to be at the peak of their power, unexpected problems are disrupting the sciences from within. This reflects a deeper and more serious problem regarding scientific inquiry. Science is being held back by old assumptions that have become dogmas, the biggest of which is that science already knows all the answers, and only the details need to be worked out. A transformational paradigm shift is required from a mechanistic world view to an organic world view to better address the challenges of the new millenium.
Immobilization of chromium in cement matrices after treatment by stabilization/solidification of solid chemical residues
Authors: Silva Poliana Pinheiro , Brito André Luiz Fiquene de , Jovelino Josevânia Rodrigues
Published: November 2020

Os resíduos gerados nas Universidades representam 1% do total de resíduos em relação às demais fontes geradoras de resíduos sólidos, porém, apresentam dificuldade de tratamento devido à quantidade e diversidade de compostos ignific em um único resíduo. Os resíduos são classificados de acordo com as características de inflamabilidade, corrosividade, reatividade, toxicidade e patogenicidade (Classe I) ou biodegradabilidade, combustibilidade ou solubilidade em água (classe II A ou classe II B). Quando classificados como perigosos, causam danos à saúde e ao meio ambiente. Um tratamento alternativo é a estabilização/solidificação, que promove a incorporação dos resíduos nas matrizes cimentícias. O objetivo deste trabalho é ignific a imobilização do cromo presente em resíduos sólidos de laboratórios químicos em matrizes cimentícias, visando reduzir o impacto ignifica causado pela destinação inadequada desse tipo de resíduo. Os corpos-de-prova foram confeccionados com cimento Portland pozolônico, areia fina, brita e resíduo sólido de laboratório químico. Após testes de integridade/durabilidade e imobilização de contaminantes, os melhores resultados foram encontrados para a incorporação de 5% de resíduos sólidos de laboratório. Apesar da matriz de 35% ter falhado no teste de lixiviação, todos os tratamentos apresentaram eficiência de retenção de cromo acima de 93%, indicando que houve redução ignificative na concentração do metal no resíduo após o tratamento.
Normas para publicação: uma via importante
Authors: Moraes Sylvio Luiz Costa de
Published: November 2020

A submissão de trabalhos científicos é resultado da iniciativa de profissionais com foco na produção de conhecimento, geralmente enriquecedora e muito bem-vinda para qualquer periódico selecionado para tal. Durante a elaboração do manuscrito, é importante que se adeque o conteúdo ao escopo, formato e condições gerais editoriais. Trata-se, portanto, de seguir, passo a passo, as normas para publicação requeridas pelo periódico, de acordo com o tipo de trabalho a ser submetido.
Análise de medidas transversais lineares após ERMAC
Authors: Cecchetti Marcelo Minharro , Campos Wladimir Gushiken de , Ferrari Tatiane , Esteves Camilla Vieira , Naclério-Homem Maria da Graça , Lemos Celso Augusto
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: Analisar a eficácia da expansão rápida de maxila assistida cirurgicamente (ERMAC) no ganho de distância maxilar horizontal. Métodos: Onze pacientes com deficiência transversa da maxila submetidos à ERMAC participaram do estudo. Os modelos de estudo foram obtidos antes e após a cirurgia. As medidas transversais dos modelos superiores foram realizadas entre as cúspides caninas, cúspides palatinas dos primeiros pré-molares e cúspides vestibulares dos primeiros molares superiores. Essas medidas foram realizadas antes e depois da ERMAC. Resultados: Em relação ao número total de voltas aplicado ao Hyrax e ao ganho médio na distância transversal da maxila, existe uma correlação estatisticamente significativa (p = 0,006) entre o número total de voltas do aparelho e o ganho médio na região. Em relação à região de caninos (p = 0,45) e região molar (p = 0,925), não há correlação estatisticamente significativa entre o número de voltas no aparelho e a distância obtida. Conclusão: O ganho médio na distância transversal da maxila foi estatisticamente significativo para as regiões de canino, pré-molar, molar e perímetro da arcada. Existe uma correlação estatisticamente significativa entre o número total de ativações do aparelho e a distância ganha na região pré-molar.
Reconstrução mandibular de fratura cominutiva por projétil de arma de fogo
Authors: Neto Jair Queiroz de Oliveira , Filho Edson Luiz Cetira , Sales Pedro Henrique da Hora , Mello Manoel de Jesus Rodrigues
Published: November 2020

Introdução: Ferimentos por projétil de arma de fogo (PAF) envolvendo a face são grandes desafios para os cirurgiões no que concerne ao tratamento de tais pacientes, devido à sua complexidade, associada à energia dissipada pelo projétil, ao grau de cominuição óssea, às perdas teciduais, entre outros fatores. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso clínico de um paciente com defeito ósseo mandibular ocasionado por PAF, tratado por meio de placa de reconstrução. Resultados e Discussão: A combinação entre estrutura do projétil, energia cinética e interação com o tecido definirá os aspectos do trauma maxilofacial. Em nosso entendimento, lesões com grandes cominuições ósseas tratadas com fixação aberta precoce podem ocasionar uma perda de nutrição e vascularização do tecido ósseo afetado, com subsequente infecção e necrose tecidual. O paciente encontra-se em acompanhamento pós-operatório de seis meses, restabelecendo-se a anatomia mandibular e a oclusão, e sem queixas álgicas ou funcionais. Conclusão: Assim, traumas por PAF são desafios reais aos cirurgiões, pela sua complexidade e, também, pela expectativa do paciente em ter restauradas sua estética e função maxilofacial. Uma boa avaliação de balística do trauma e das características da lesão, associada aos exames clínicos e imagiológicos, se tornam essenciais para o sucesso do tratamento.
Artrite psoriática com envolvimento da articulação temporomandibular: relato de caso
Authors: Cristoff Killian Evandro , Neto José Stechman , Cavalcante-Leão Bianca Lopes , Kubiak Rodolfo Jorge , Silva Marina Pereira , Cardoso Alice Helena de Lima Santos
Published: November 2020

Introdução: A artrite psoriática (AP) é uma doença inflamatória crônica reativa das articulações e da pele. A gravidade pode variar desde uma doença leve, não destrutiva até uma artropatia severa, progressiva e erosiva. A etiologia dessa doença é desconhecida, embora estudos relatem forte predisposição genética. As manifestações clínicas da AP raramente acometem a articulação temporomandibular (ATM), esses pacientes podem sofrer grande degeneração articular, alterando o movimento da articulação, causando dor, abertura reduzida, ruídos articulares. Relato de Caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, 39 anos de idade, encaminhada ao Centro de Diagnóstico e Tratamento da ATM (CDATM), apresentando dor intensa na face, estalidos e abertura bucal limitada. Já havia diagnóstico de AP, acometendo o quadril e cotovelo. O diagnóstico em ATM foi dado a partir dos exames clínicos, ressonância magnética (RM) e uma avaliação citopatológica. O tratamento de escolha foi conservador. Conclusão: O acompanhamento mostrou uma melhora em relação à dor orofacial e nos movimentos mandibulares. Enfatiza-se que essa condição é relativamente incomum na ATM, o clínico deve fazer um correto diagnóstico e tratamento, obtendo, assim, uma melhora nas funções do sistema estomatognático, com um prognóstico favorável.
Autotransplante dentário como opção para tratamento de dente impactado em paciente infantil
Authors: Nogueira Lucas Costa , Leite Pablo Cornélius Comelli , Filho Liogi Iwaki
Published: November 2020

Introdução: O autotransplante dentário pode ser indicado em certas situações, como em traumas dentoalveolares, substituição de dentes com prognóstico ruim, anormalidades de desenvolvimento, erupção ectópica e dentes impactados. Objetivo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso clínico no qual a paciente de 8 anos foi diagnosticada com impacção em posição horizontal do dente #35, impossibilitando seu tracionamento ortodôntico, optando-se pelo autotransplante para resolução do caso. Conclusão: Em acompanhamento de 7 anos, o dente transplantado encontrava-se em posição e mantendo oclusão com a arcada superior. Com adequada indicação e o emprego correto da técnica, o autotransplante dentário se apresentou como boa alternativa para a resolução do caso.
Reconstrução de fratura mandibular com sistema Locking®: relato de caso
Authors: Soares Igor Almeida Mascarenhas , Pereira João Pedro Lisboa Damasceno , Vasconcelos Ricardo José de Holanda , Araujo Marcelo Marotta , Mikami José Ricardo , Junior Marcus Antônio Brêda
Published: November 2020

Introdução: A mandíbula edêntula atrófica se encontra mais predisposta a fraturas e, em traumas de alto impacto, como as perfurações por armas de fogo, que causam fraturas cominutivas, necessitam de tratamento cirúrgico com placa de reconstrução de carga suportada, para uma osteossíntese mais estável, obtendo melhores resultados no tratamento e recuperando a forma e a função da mandíbula. Objetivo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso clínico de paciente vítima de acidente com arma de fogo em mandíbula parcialmente edêntula, com leve atrofia corrigida com placa de reconstrução do tipo carga suportada, com acompanhamento pós-operatório de 40 dias, apresentando oclusão preservada, placa e parafusos em posição — conforme comprovado em exame radiográfico —, edema moderado, sem queixa álgica, ausência de dano nervoso motor; porém, com dano nervoso sensitivo. Conclusão: O tratamento com redução aberta e fixação interna rígida com sistema Locking® 2,3mm de carga suportada demonstra bom resultado, com adequado restabelecimento funcional em fratura cominutiva por lesão de arma de fogo em mandíbula atrófica.
The Theoretical Approach to Awareness as an Interdisciplinary Category – A few Reflection
Authors: Ayzik Elanit
Published: November 2020

The article presents different definitionsfrom different disciplines for the concept of “Awareness” and the central role of science in shaping the way teachers think and change their perceptions. In a period of the lack of stability, diversity, and heterogeneity in academic, cultural, and socioeconomic terms, teaching and education become a complicated and demanding tasks for the teacher. The teacher who meets the complex educational challenges findsit difficultto adjust to accelerated and endless social, scientific,and technological changes and to change the perception of his role from a source of knowledge to a transfer of knowledge. Most teachers of our time were not trained to be conscious of the influencesof globalization on the lives of the students and communities, differences, equality, and globalization that characterize society as a whole and are required of the teachers in society of our time. The author definesthe teachers’ consciousness as an Interdisciplinary Category. The increase of the teachers’ awareness of the processes of thinking and doing, as a result of the internal and external events around them, may help teachers map their abilities, needs, and expectations, understand the factors of their behavior, plan their course for the future, and definefor themselves goals commensurate with the requirements. The awareness grants the teachers an opportunity to take responsibility over the knowledge and thus may change the school experience.
O znaczeniu badań ilościowo-jakościowych w edukacji. Próba łączenia wody z ogniem…
Authors: Trusz Sławomir
Published: November 2020

Trusz Sławomir, O znaczeniu badań ilościowo-jakościowych w edukacji1. Próba łączenia wody z ogniem… [The Meaning of Mixed Quantitative and Qualitative Research in Education. An Attempt to Combine Fire and Water]. Studia Edukacyjne nr 44, 2017, Poznań 2017, pp. 93-104. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 1233-6688. DOI: 10.14746/se.2017.44.6

Social research, including educational studies, could be conducted in accordance with ontological and epistemological assumptions of quantitative vs. qualitative research orientations. When such a distinction is present, the same phenomena are analyzed and presented in a significantly different and often mutually excluding way. Is such an approach justified? It seems it is not. Based on the precedence of a research subject over the method, it could be said that a more comprehensive picture of the phenomena analyzed emerges when researchers make use of methods accepted in both quantitative and qualitative research orientations. The article presents theoretical assumptions and interesting practical solutions of a mixed approach (a mixed methodology) in social research. On the one hand, solutions and methods recommended for the quantitative research can be useful for studies conducted in accordance with the assumptions of qualitative orientation, and on the other hand, solutions and methods recommended for the qualitative research may be useful for the studies conducted in accordance with the assumptions of quantitative orientation. Both approaches have been illustrated by particular examples of research practices.
Kompetencje dyrektora szkoły jako lidera. Raport z badań
Authors: Błajet Piotr , Przyborowska Beata , Murawska Iwona
Published: November 2020

The text presents the assumptions and effects of realization of the novelty scheme of educating education leaders. The studies were realized on the basis of the authorial, innovative and integral education model. Ken Wilber’s integral model is used in creation of syllabuses in many schools and universities around the world. The results of implementation of our integral model are currently being formulated. Selected results are presented in the following report.
The Hopefull Leviathan: Hope, Deliberation and the Commonwealth
Authors: Bobier Christopher
Published: November 2020

According to a common reading of Thomas Hobbes, fear is the most philosophically important passion, responsible for the founding and sustaining of the commonwealth. I argue that this common reading is incorrect by focusing on the necessary and important role of hope in human action as well as in the founding and sustaining of the commonwealth. Life in the Hobbesian commonwealth, on the reading defended in this paper, is less fearful and more hopeful than scholars have noticed.