bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Will it sink or will it float
Authors: Berkovich Izhak
Published: June 2017

In discussions about transformational leadership theory, three conceptions frequently emerge: (a) principals’ transformational leadership behaviours are more prevalent in national contexts that are restructuring-oriented; (b) principals’ transformational behaviours are more effective than transactional behaviours; and (c) principals are either transformational or transactional. These conceptions are repeatedly addressed but seldom explored in an empirical manner. Accepting conceptions as given might result in flattening scholarly discourse and depriving practice of research knowledge. The present paper aims to investigate these conceptions based on data derived from published works and from the author’s database. The results of the investigation suggest that conceptions about principals’ transformational leadership in education are unsupported by empirical exploration. Educational leadership research may be improved by periodically subjecting conceptions to empirical test, and incorporating in future works only those that show empirical support. Such exploration is necessary to maintain relevance in an applied research field such as education.
Fractal inequality: A social network analysis of global and regional international student mobility
Authors: Macrander Ashley
Published: June 2017

Literature on global international student mobility (ISM) highlights the uneven nature of student flows – from the developing to the developed world – however, studies have yet to address whether this pattern is replicated within expanding regional networks. Utilizing social network analysis, UNESCO ISM data, and World Bank income classifications, this paper examines economic inequality in ISM from 2008–2012 globally and within the Southern African Development Community, the European Higher Education Area, the Union of South American Nations, and University Mobility in Asia and the Pacific. Findings reaffirm previous global analyses which indicate that higher-income countries play a preeminent role as receivers; whereas, lower-income countries function primarily as source nations. This study demonstrates that this pattern is replicated fractally within the four regional networks as well. Globally and regionally, economically developed countries comprise the core of the world-system in tertiary education while less-developed nations are relegated to peripheral status.
Analytical failure probability model for generic gravity dam classes
Authors: Hariri-Ardebili Mohammad Amin
Published: June 2017

Risk analysis of concrete dams and quantification of the failure probability are important tasks in dam safety assessment. The conditional probability of demand and capacity is usually estimated by numerical simulation and Monte Carlo technique. However, the estimated failure probability (or the reliability index) is dam-dependent which makes its application limited to some case studies. This article proposes an analytical failure model for generic gravity dam classes which is optimized based on large number of nonlinear finite element analyses. A hybrid parametric–probabilistic–statistical approach is used to estimate the failure probability as a function of dam size, material distributional models and external hydrological hazard. The proposed model can be used for preliminary design and evaluation of two-dimensional gravity dam models.
The natural history of recovery of elbow flexion after obstetric brachial plexus injury managed without nerve repair
Authors: Hems T. E. J. , Savaridas T. , Sherlock D. A.
Published: June 2017

In this study, we report the outcome for spontaneous recovery of elbow flexion in obstetric brachial plexus injury managed without nerve reconstruction. Excluding those with transient paralysis, our records revealed 152 children with obstetric brachial plexus injury born before our unit routinely offered brachial plexus reconstruction. Five had had nerve repairs. Of the remainder, only one patient had insufficient flexion to reach their mouth. Elbow flexion started to recover clinically at a mean age of 4 months for Narakas Group 1, 6 months for Group 2, 8 months for Group 3 and 12 months for Group 4. The mean active range of elbow flexion, in 44 cases, was 138°. The mean isometric elbow flexion strength, in 39 patients, was 63% (range 23%–100%) of the normal side. It appears to be rare for elbow flexion not to recover spontaneously, although recovery occurs later in more severe injuries. It is doubtful if nerve reconstruction can improve elbow flexion above the likely spontaneous recovery in babies with obstetric brachial plexus injuries.

Level of evidence: II
Facial Image Manipulation
Authors: Sutherland Clare A. M. , Rhodes Gillian , Young Andrew W.
Published: June 2017

Image manipulation of real face photographs, including averaging, morphing, and caricaturing, is widely used in studies of face perception. These methods have led to theoretical insights across topics of interest to social psychologists, including social perception, social categorization, stereotyping, prejudice, impression formation, and individual differences. They may also have practical applications in diagnosing clinical impairments of social perception. Here, we outline key manipulation methods, comment on the strengths and weaknesses of the approach, illustrate the breadth of theoretical insights already achieved, and offer best practice guidelines. We hope that the review stimulates greater use of these powerful methods to understand social perception and encourages studies that bridge theory between visual perception and social psychology.
Revisiting the Power Pose Effect
Authors: Credé Marcus , Phillips Leigh A.
Published: June 2017

The literature on the impact of expansive poses on biological and psychological variables is characterized by discrepant findings. These discrepant findings may, in part, be a function of differences in how data were analyzed. In this article, we use multiverse analysis to examine whether the findings reported in the original paper by Carney, Cuddy, and Yap are robust to plausible alternative data analytic specifications: outlier identification strategy, the specification of the dependent variable, and the use of control variables. Our findings indicate that the inferences regarding the presence and size of an effect on testosterone and cortisol are highly sensitive to data analytic specifications. We encourage researchers to routinely explore the influence of data analytic choices on statistical inferences and also encourage editors and reviewers to require explicit examinations of the influence of alternative data analytic specifications on the inferences that are drawn from data.
Two cases of primary leptomeningeal melanomatosis mimicking subacute meningitis
Authors: Aslan Sabina , Gocmen Rahsan , Acar Nazire Pınar , Khasiyev Farid , Gumeler Ekim , Soylemezoglu Figen , Tuncer Aslı , Arsava Ethem Murat , Topçuoglu Mehmet Akif , Unal Cevik Isin
Published: June 2017

Primary involvement of leptomeninges with melanocytic tumours is rarely seen and its diagnosis is challenging. Here we summarise two cases of primary leptomeningeal melanomatosis presenting as subacute meningitis. Both cases have pleocytosis and high protein on cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and demonstrated atypical cells on cytology. On magnetic resonance imaging, there is diffuse leptomeningal thickening and avid enhancement of intracranial and intraspinal leptomeninges. One of them demonstrates T1 shortening due to magnetic effects of melanin, the other case is amelanotic and shows hypointensity on precontrast T1-weighted images. Both cases can be diagnosed with biopsy. In conclusion, these cases highlight the importance of the correct interpretation of cytological and magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients with atypical findings.
Role of diffusion-weighted imaging in head and neck lesions: Pictorial review
Authors: Bhatt Neeraj , Gupta Nishant , Soni Neetu , Hooda Kusum , Sapire Joshua M , Kumar Yogesh
Published: June 2017

Head and neck cancers are very common worldwide, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Squamous cell carcinoma originating from the epithelial lining of the upper aerodigestive tract is the most common histology. Many patients with head and neck cancers present with advanced stage disease requiring aggressive treatment consisting of extensive surgery and chemo-radiation. Appropriate treatment planning as well as prognosis of tumors depends to a large extent on accurate histological diagnosis and differentiation of malignant from benign lesions. Routine imaging modalities such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging give volumetric and morphologic information. However, these modalities cannot be reliably used as a substitute for biopsy in treatment planning. However, diffusion-weighted imaging has shown promise in tissue characterization for primary tumors and nodal metastases, differentiation of recurrent tumor from post therapeutic changes, prediction and monitoring of treatment response, and many other clinical scenarios as described later in this article. In this review article, we describe the imaging findings in applications of diffusion-weighted imaging in the head and neck lesions and discuss their added value over anatomic imaging.
Relationship between community hospital versus pre-hospital location of randomisation and clinical outcomes in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients: insights from the Stream study
Authors: Welsh Robert C , Goldstein Patrick , Sinnaeve Peter , Ostojic Miodrag C , Zheng Yinggan , Danays Thierry , Westerhout Cynthia M , Van de Werf Frans , Armstrong Paul W
Published: June 2017

Aims:

The STREAM study randomly assigned ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients to receive a pharmacoinvasive versus primary percutaneous coronary intervention reperfusion strategy. We assessed whether there was an association between outcomes based on randomisation at a community hospital versus a prehospital location.

Methods/results:

Community hospital patients (358/1866 (19.2%)) were compared to prehospital patients and their outcomes categorised into pharmacoinvasive according to their treatment assignment. Compared to prehospital patients, community hospital patients had more diabetes (17.8% vs. 11.5%, P=0.001), higher Killip Class >1 (9.4% vs. 5.0%, P=0.002) and thrombolysis in myocardial infarction risk scores ⩾5 (18.2% vs. 12.4%, P=0.005). The 30-day primary endpoint (death, shock, congestive heart failure and re-infarction) for community hospital patients was 14.9% versus 13.2% for prehospital patients ( P=0.403). Community hospital pharmacoinvasive patients tended to receive less rescue (35.1% vs. 42.8%, P=0.062); when deployed their rescue was delayed 43 minutes. Community hospital patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention experienced a delay of 31 minutes versus prehospital patients. Pharmacoinvasive patients receiving scheduled angiography from a community hospital and prehospital patients had comparable times to angiography (17.7 vs. 18.7 hours) and low event rates (6.2% vs. 8.0%). Although the interaction between randomisation location and treatment received on the primary endpoint was not significant ( Pinteraction=0.065) those pharmacoinvasive patients requiring rescue from community hospitals had worse outcomes than prehospital rescue patients (odds ratio 2.28, 95% confidence interval 1.16–4.49).

Conclusion:

Within STREAM, STEMI patients randomly assigned at community hospitals had a higher baseline risk but similar outcomes compared to those studied prehospital patients irrespective of successful pharmacoinvasive therapy or primary percutaneous coronary intervention. However, worse outcomes in the pharmacoinvasive patients requiring rescue in community hospitals emphasises their need for immediate transfer to a percutaneous coronary intervention-capable hospital.
Non-neurogenic male lower urinary tract symptoms: A comparison of National Institute of Health and Care Excellence 2010 and European Association of Urology 2015 guidelines
Authors: Hamilton J , Pearce I
Published: June 2017

This article aims to compare and contrast the guidelines issued by the European Association of Urology and the UK National Institute of Health and Care Excellence in relation to male lower urinary tract symptoms with a non-neurogenic aetiology. Overall, there appears to be a high level of concordance between recommendations made by the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence and the European Association of Urology, especially in their approach to the investigation and pharmacological treatment of men with non-neurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms. UK urologists should therefore be able to utilise the vast majority of European Association of Urology guidelines without fear of being at odds with existing National Institute of Health and Care Excellence guidance.
Factors Associated With Diet and Exercise Among Overweight and Obese Older Hispanics With Diabetes
Authors: Mier Nelda , Smith Matthew Lee , Wang Xiaohui , Towne Samuel D. , Carrillo Genny , Garza Norma , Ory Marcia G.
Published: June 2017

Understanding personal and family support factors influencing lifestyles among older overweight and obese Hispanics with type 2 diabetes is critical for enhancing disease management. A survey was administered to 115 respondents recruited using convenience sampling. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed for analyses. More than two thirds of participants have never received diabetes education. Family support was significantly associated with diet. Gender, marital status, and education were associated with exercise. Diabetes education was associated with both diet and exercise. Family-based diabetes education in community settings may be an effective strategy for promoting healthy behaviors among older overweight/obese Hispanics.
An Application of Socialization Resources Theory
Authors: Cranmer Gregory A.
Published: June 2017

Student-athletes’ adjustment to their collegiate teams is noted as especially difficult but is also underdeveloped as a topic of research. This article uses Socialization Resources theory to argue that student-athletes’ leader-member exchanges with coaches and team-member exchanges with teammates provide them with important resources that assist in their socialization. Data collected from 160 Division-I student-athletes from five universities demonstrated that portions of their understandings of team history, politics, and values and goals are accounted for by their exchange relationships. In particular, exchanges with assistant coaches and teammates appear to be most salient within student-athletes’ socialization process. As such, this article provides insight regarding the social dynamics that shape collegiate athletes’ understandings of their environments.
Use of the Pirani score in monitoring progression of correction and in guiding indications for tenotomy in the Ponseti method: Are we coming to the same decisions?
Authors: Lampasi Manuele , Abati CN , Stilli S , Trisolino G
Published: June 2017

Purpose:

The Pirani score is widely used in the treatment of idiopathic clubfoot. Some authors recommended to base decision for Achilles tenotomy in Ponseti method on this score (hindfoot score [HFS] > 1, once reducibility of lateral head of talus (LHT) is zero) instead of originally described indications (dorsiflexion < −10–15° once complete abduction is achieved). Yet correspondence of these indications has not been evaluated. Aim of this study was to verify whether in a cohort, where decision is based on dorsiflexion, the Pirani score corresponds to the limits suggested. Secondarily, to describe temporal variation in Pirani score along treatment, which has not been previously investigated.

Methods:

In a prospective study, 79 idiopathic clubfeet in 47 cases consecutively treated with Ponseti method by a single orthopaedic surgeon were evaluated at each casting session with Pirani system; score progression and scores at time of decision to perform tenotomy were determined.

Results:

HFS and its subcomponents showed minimal improvement during subsequent sessions of casting and then rapid correction with tenotomy. Medial crease resolved rapidly. Midfoot score and its remaining subcomponents corrected gradually. Total Pirani score showed initially a progressive correction and then a more abrupt improvement with tenotomy. At the time of decision to perform tenotomy, in 8 (10.1%) of 79 cases, the decision whether or not to perform tenotomy based on dorsiflexion would have been different based on the cut-offs for Pirani score suggested.

Conclusion:

Using Pirani score in guiding indication for tenotomy may imply different decisions in a portion of cases, which should be considered when comparing series.
Endoprosthetic replacement versus cement spacer in reconstruction of proximal humerus after tumor resection: Cost and benefits
Authors: Rafalla Awad Abdelmonem , Abdullah El Sayed Abdelhalim
Published: June 2017

Background:

Proximal end of the humerus is a common site for both primary and metastatic bone tumors. Limb salvage with endoprosthetic replacement is the most common means of reconstruction, but it has been proved that cement spacer are more beneficial for inferior shoulder function. Thus, limb salvage can be replaced by cheaper spacers especially in poor societies.

Patients and methods:

This study included 20 patients, of whom 14 were female, with a mean age of 40.4 years (range 12–60). Among the study population, six were diagnosed with osteosarcomas, two chondrosarcomas, two myeloma, two lymphoma, four metastatic carcinoma in the breast, two giant cell tumor, and two recurrent chondroplastoma. Limb salvage was successfully done in all patients: Tikhoff–Linberg type I in 12 cases and type V in 8. Endoprosthetic replacement was done in eight cases. An on-table fabricated cement spacer was used in 12 cases.

Results:

Follow-up ranged from 12 to 75 months, with a mean of 25.9 months. Functional outcome was almost comparable in both types of reconstruction, especially patient’s satisfaction, with a mean function of 65%.

Conclusion:

A relatively expensive endoprosthesis could be replaced by a much cheaper cement spacer if their function is comparable.
Clinician Perceptions of 4 Hearing Protection Devices
Authors: Spomer J. , Estrich C.G. , Halpin D. , Lipman R.D. , Araujo M.W.B.
Published: June 2017

Common equipment in the dental operatory generate cumulative noise at sufficient decibel levels that can damage hearing. Although noise exposure in the dental office is typically intermittent, dentists and other dental care providers have been shown to be at risk of hearing loss. This article provides dentist-generated insight to use when incorporating hearing protection devices during dental practice. Four hearing protection devices (HPDs) were provided to 15 dentists in randomized sequence for evaluation. Perceptions were gathered via questionnaires and analyzed to determine mean ratings and product preferences. Battery requirements of electronic HPDs were also examined. Qualitative assessments of the HPDs evaluated are presented, including dentist preferences and recommendations. There were statistically significant differences ( P ≤ 0.0031) among the HPDs in terms of ease of insertion, aesthetics, ability to hear while using a handpiece, and the openness of the ear. Battery life was not found to differ between the 2 electronic HPDs evaluated. Dentists most highly valued ease of hearing, ability to communicate, and comfort while wearing HPDs. The DI-15 High-Fidelity Electronic Earplugs HPD was ranked the highest, followed by Music PRO Electronic Earplugs. Battery longevity for these electronic HPDs was similar under all tested conditions studied.

Knowledge Transfer Statement: Dentists should understand the potential ramifications of hearing loss and be aware that there are commercially available hearing protection products that preserve the ability to communicate with patients and coworkers.
Selinexor-induced thrombocytopenia results from inhibition of thrombopoietin signaling in early megakaryopoiesis
Authors: Machlus Kellie R. , Wu Stephen K. , Vijey Prakrith , Soussou Thomas S. , Liu Zhi-Jian , Shacham Eran , Unger T. J. , Kashyap Trinayan , Klebanov Boris , Sola-Visner Martha , Crochiere Marsha , Italiano Joseph E. , Landesman Yosef
Published: June 2017

Key Points

XPO1 blockade causes thrombocytopenia by inhibiting TPO signaling and blocking the differentiation of stem cells into megakaryocytes. Selinexor-induced thrombocytopenia is reversible when TPO agonists are administered in the absence of selinexor (drug holiday).
Copy number alterations detected as clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential
Authors: Takahashi Koichi , Wang Feng , Kantarjian Hagop , Song Xingzhi , Patel Keyur , Neelapu Sattva , Gumbs Curtis , Little Latasha , Tippen Samantha , Thornton Rebecca , DiNardo Courtney D. , Ravandi Farhad , Bueso-Ramos Carlos , Zhang Jianhua , Wu Xifeng , Garcia-Manero Guillermo , Futreal P. Andrew
Published: June 2017

Key Points

CNAs can be detected as part of CHIP.
Clinically‐evident tophi are associated with reduced muscle force in the foot and ankle in people with gout: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Stewart Sarah , Dalbeth Nicola , Otter Simon , Gow Peter , Kumar Sunil , Rome Keith
Published: June 2017

Background

The foot and ankle represent a common site for tophi in people with gout, yet it is unclear whether the presence of tophi is related to impaired muscle function. This study aimed to determine the association between foot and ankle tophi and muscle force in people with gout.

Methods

Participants with gout were stratified into two groups based on the presence of clinically‐evident tophi affecting the foot or ankle on physical examination. Isometric muscle force for plantarflexion, dorsiflexion, inversion and eversion was measured using static dynamometry. Mixed‐models regression was used to determine the difference in muscle force between the two groups while adjusting for age, disease duration and foot pain. This model was also used to determine the difference in muscle force between presence and absence of tophi at specific locations within the foot and ankle. In addition, Pearson's correlations were used to determine the association between total foot tophus count and muscle force.

Results

Fifty‐seven participants were included (22 with foot or ankle tophi and 35 without foot or ankle tophi). Foot and ankle tophi were most often seen at the Achilles tendon. After adjusting for age, disease duration and foot pain, participants with tophi had significantly reduced muscle force during plantarflexion (P < 0.001), dorsiflexion (P = 0.003), inversion (P = 0.003) and eversion (P = 0.001) when compared to participants without tophi. Those with Achilles tophi had significantly reduced force during plantarflexion (P < 0.001), inversion (P = 0.008) and eversion (P = 0.001). No significant differences in muscle force were observed between the presence and absence of tophi at other foot or ankle locations. There were also no significant correlations between total foot tophus count and muscle force (all P > 0.05).

Conclusion

In people with gout, clinically‐evident foot or ankle tophi are associated with muscle force deficits during foot plantarflexion, dorsiflexion, inversion and eversion, which persist despite adjusting for age, disease duration and foot pain. Tophi at the Achilles tendon, which associate with force deficits, may contribute to reduced muscular activation and consequent disuse muscle atrophy.
Thinking about Method
Authors: Iqbal Basit Kareem
Published: June 2017

In this interview, completed in November 2016, the anthropologist Talal Asad (b. 1933) reviews methodological and theoretical questions that continue to animate his work. The conversation is framed by his concept of tradition and touches on themes of temporality and sovereignty, failure and fragility, ethnographic conceits and forms of life.
Progression of suicidal ideation to suicidal behavior from a perspective of selected suicidological models
Authors: Rodziński Paweł , Rutkowski Krzysztof , Ostachowska Anna
Published: June 2017

W praktyce klinicznej myśli samobójcze (MS) są jednym z najczęściej spotykanych objawów u pacjentów z zaburzeniami psychicznymi. Ich obecność pociąga za sobą konieczność rzetelnej estymacji ryzyka samobójczego. Choć czynniki ryzyka samobójstwa są dobrze znane, trafne oszacowanie owego ryzyka wciąż jest jednym z najtrudniejszych i najważniejszych wyzwań stojących przed klinicystami – zwłaszcza w obliczu napływających w ostatnich latach alarmujących danych o wzrastającej częstości samobójstw w Polsce. Bardziej wnikliwa ocena ryzyka samobójczego u pacjentów z MS jest możliwa przy spojrzeniu na ich sytuację nie tylko z perspektywy czynników ryzyka samobójczego, lecz także czynników bardziej swoistych dla progresji MS do zachowań samobójczych (ZS). Przeprowadzony w ramach niniejszego artykułu przegląd wybranych teorii suicydologicznych, pozwolił wyodrębnić szereg grup czynników i mechanizmów, które uważane są za najbardziej specyficzne dla progresji MS do ZS. Należą do nich: (1) przełamanie lęku przed wyrządzeniem sobie fizycznej krzywdy i zadaniem sobie bólu, a także załamywanie się innych barier ochronnych, m.in. (2) zanik poczucia więzi z innymi, poczucie osamotnienia, opuszczenia, brak poczucia przynależności, brak wsparcia społecznego, (3) rezygnacja ze zobowiązań rodzinnych i społecznych, (4) odrzucenie norm kulturowych lub religijnych, (5) odrzucenie dotychczas cenionych w swoim życiu celów, wartości, aspiracji, (6) zawężenie w zakresie dostrzeganych alternatyw dla samobójstwa, czy też „widzenie tunelowe”, poczucie bezradności i bezsilności, (7) szczegółowe opracowanie i przyjęcie prostego planu zachowań samobójczych, a zwłaszcza utrwalenie, czy też „automatyzacja” tegoż planu poprzez powtarzanie, (8) impulsywność, (9) spiętrzenie się agresji kierowanej w akcie samobójczym przeciwko samemu siebie i w końcu (10) dostępność środków służących samobójstwu.
The effect of vitamin D3 deficiency on the severity of depressive symptoms. Overview of current research.
Authors: Stefanowski Bogdan , Antosik-Wójcińska Anna , Święcicki Łukasz
Published: June 2017

Tradycyjne metody leczenia depresji z zastosowaniem farmakoterapii lekami przeciwdepresyjnymi mają ograniczoną skuteczność. Biologiczne, psychologiczne i środowiskowe przyczyny powstawania zaburzeń depresyjnych są wprawdzie znane, jednak patofizjologia powstawiania depresji nie została do końca wyjaśniona. W postawaniu zaburzeń depresyjnych ma znaczenie wiele czynników i mechanizmów, jak wskazują wyniki badań jednym z nich może być niedobór witaminy D3. Niedobór bądź graniczny poziom witaminy D3 występuje w populacji ogólnej dość powszechnie i może dotyczyć w skali globalnej nawet jednego miliarda osób. Badania epidemiologiczne wykazują, że stężenie witaminy D3 lub jej metabolitów u większości dorosłych nie osiąga optymalnego poziomu. Nawet poziom witaminy D3 mieszczący się w normie laboratoryjnej, niższy jednak od optymalnego, może być przyczyną występowania objawów klinicznych i stanowić jeden z czynników ryzyka wystąpienia depresji. W populacji osób chorujących na zaburzenia depresyjne niedobór lub nieprawidłowy poziom witaminy D3 występują częściej niż w populacji ogólnej. Stosowanie witaminy D3 u osób chorych na depresję, może działać przeciwdepresyjnie, a ciągła suplementacja może także zmniejszać ryzyko nawrotu objawów chorobowych. Artykuł jest przeglądem piśmiennictwa dotyczącego wpływu niedoboru witaminy D3 na występowanie zaburzeń depresyjnych oraz jej potencjalnego działania przeciwdepresyjnego. Doboru artykułów dokonano wyszukując w bazach danych Medline oraz Pubmed publikacji korzystając ze słów kluczowych (depresja, niedobór witaminy D3).
Dotychczasowe badania nad zastosowaniem witaminy D3 w profilaktyce i leczeniu zaburzeń depresyjnych obejmowały zbyt małe grupy osób, aby można było w sposób jednoznaczny określić, jaka jest skuteczność i bezpieczeństwo suplementacji stosowanej jako terapii dodanej w leczeniu depresji oraz jaki zakres dawek powinien być stosowany.
Aorto-Cutaneous Fistula and False Aneurysm of the Ascending Aorta Five Years after its Prosthetic Replacement for Stanford Type A Acute Aortic Dissection
Authors: Demondion Pierre , Verscheure Dorian , Leprince Pascal
Published: June 2017

Aorto-cutaneous fistula and false aneurysm of the ascending aorta in patients who previously underwent Stanford Type A acute aortic dissection are rare and severe complications. Surgical correction remains a demanding challenge. In a case of false aneurysm rupture during redo sternotomy, selective cannulation of the right axillary and left carotid arteries allowed an efficient method of cerebral perfusion.
A Rare and Late Complication After Left Ventricular Assist Device Explantation
Authors: Gradinariu George , Simon André , Gaer Jullien
Published: June 2017

Late complications can arise after explantation of a left ventricular assist device. We report the case of a patient who presented at the age of 19 years with peri-partum cardiomyopathy and was initially managed with a biventricular support device, which was subsequently upgraded to an ambulatory left ventricular assist device. This was successfully explanted after myocardial recovery via a minimally invasive approach 7 months later. The patient re-presented 5 years following explantation with hemoptysis. At redo sternotomy, a 10-cm remnant of the outflow graft was found to be eroding the surface of the right lung. The conduit was excised and the stump oversewn. Eleven months later, she presented again with hemoptysis, and a pseudo-aneurysm was identified on the computed tomography scan. She underwent urgent open repair with peripheral cannulation and deep hypothermic total circulatory arrest. The Dacron stump was found to be partially dehisced, leaving a 2–3 cm defect in the ascending aorta. The defect was repaired with a bovine pericardial patch. The patient made a good recovery and was successfully discharged.
Metabolic disorders in adipocytokine imbalance and gestational complications
Authors: Chabanova Natalya B. , Mataev Sergey I. , Vasilkova Tatiana N. , Troshina Irina A.
Published: June 2017

Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ synthesizes a large number of biologically active substances, adipocytokines, which have both local and systemic effects influencing the vascular wall, tissue sensitivity to insulin, glucose metabolism, and systemic inflammation. The data obtained from clinical and experimental studies demonstrate the close relationship between the imbalance of adipocytokines and pregnancy complications such as insulin resistance, gestational diabetes, and preeclampsia. In this connection, close attention of obstetrician-gynecologists and endocrinologists is focused on etiopathogenic aspects of the formation of gestational complications with metabolic disorders caused by an imbalance of adipocytokines with maternal obesity and to the search for markers of these disorders. The review presents the current literature data on adipose tissue hormones and their influence on the course of a gestational process.
Studi Penggunaan Katalis Tembaga Molybdenum Oksida Berpenyangga Silica (CuMoO3/SiO2) Untuk Oksidasi Metana Menjadi Methanol Dan Formaldehida
Authors: Husin H. , Marwan Marwan
Published: June 2017

Studi penggunaan katalis tembaga molybdenum oksida berpenyangga silica (CuMoO3/SiO2) untuk oksidasi parsial metana menjadi methanol dan formaldehida telah dilakukan. Preparasi katalis dilakukan dengan metode impregnasi. Hasil identifikasi dengan XRD menunjukkan bahwa komponen katalis terdiri dari senyawa MoO3, Cu2Odan SiO2. Uji kinerja katalis dilangsungkan dalam reaktor pipa lurus berunggun tetap, beroperasi pada temperature 400, 450 dan 500 0C dan tekanan 1 atm. Produk reaksi dianalisis menggunakan gas kromatografi buatan Shimadzu dengan kolom mole sieve 5A dan porapak Q. Konversi metana tertinggi diperoleh 34,1% menggunakan katalis dengan rasio  Cu: Mo 1: 3, temperatur reaksi 400 0C. Perolehan methanol tertinggi 3,4 % dan perolehan formaldehida tertinggi 7,3%.Kata kunci : oksidasi parsial metana, katalis (CuMoO3/SiO2), impregnasi, methanol, formaldehida
Kajian Eksperimental Sistem Pemanas Dan Penyimpan Air Bertenaga Surya
Authors: Syahri M.
Published: June 2017

Pemanas air bertenaga sinar matahari telah banyak dipasarkan dengan harga yang relative mahal. Kemahalan tersebut dipengaruhi oleh mahalnya harga material (besi) dan pembuatannya (pabrikasi) yang cukup sulit. Dilakukan inovasi yang bertujuan untuk mereduksi biaya dengan menggunakan bahan yang lebih murah tetapi daya serap terhadap matahari lebih baik.  Bahan yang dipilih fiberglass reinforced polyester (GFRP). Sistem pemanas air bertenaga surya yang dirancang tidak berpenutup kaca dan kolektor surya diintegrasikan dengan sistem penyimpan air. Penelitian dilakukan dengan dua cara, tanpa dan dengan pengurasan tangki air. Pendataan dilakukan saat matahari terbit hingga tenggelam, selamma tujuh hari masa perlakuan. Hasil menunjukkan cara tanpa pengurasan lebih dapat menahan penurunan suhu air dalam tangki penampung . Untuk mengurangi penurunan suhu  selama penyimpanan dilakukan modifikasi dengan memasang katup penghalang pada sistem. Suhu air maksimum dalam tangki penampung air terlihat sangat dipengaruhi fluks sinar matahari yang diterima kolektor. Pada cuaca cerah dengan fluks sinar matahari rerata 700 W/m2 suhu air mencapai 63 0C. Pada cuaca mendung dengan fluks rerata 450 W/m2 suhu air maksimum 42 0C. Suhu air panas dalam tangki penyimpanan selama penelitian berkisar antara 60-63 0C. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa GFRP dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pembuatan kolektor surya. Uji kelayakan kinerja sistem masih perlu dilakukan sebagai kelanjutan dari penelitian ini.Kata kunci : fiberglass reinforced polyester (GFRP), sistem terintegrasi, katup, uji kelayakan
Aktivitas Dan Pemodelan Katalis Silikat Dari Abu Sekam Padi Untuk Konversi Heksana
Authors: Anggoro D. D.
Published: June 2017

Abu sekam padi  (Rice Hush Ash, RHA) apabila dikalsinasi pada suhu tinggi (500-600 0C) menghasilkan senyawa silikat yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk beragai proses kimia. Senyawa silikat merupakan senyawa terbesar penyusun abu sekam padi yaitu mencapai ±96,6%. Penelitian pendahuluan menunjukkan bahwa silikat yang dihasilkan dari sekam padi s.ebesar 15%  dari berat sekam padi yang dikalsinasi. Untuk mengetahui struktur silikat yang dihasilkan maka dilakukan analisa dengan menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) dengan cara membandingkan diffractogram dari silikat murni . silikat yang dihasilkan kemudian diuji kemampuan daya perengkaha dan aromatisasinya sebagai katalis dalam reaksi heksana dengan menggunakan quartz tube reactor pada suhu 200-300 0C. Dari hasil XRD dapat disimpulkan bahwa abu sekam padi bias digunakan sebagai sumber silikat murni. Uji laboratorium menunjukkan bahwa  silikat yang dihasilkan dari abu sekam padi mempunyai potensi sebagai katalis untuk reaksi perengkahan dan aromatisasi.Kata kunci : abu sekam padi, silikat, perengkahan, aromatisasi
A Malignant Pheochromocytoma in a Child with von Hippel-Lindau Mutation
Authors: Popa Gheorghe , Blag Cristina Lucia , Bota Mădălina , Zolog Adriana
Published: June 2017

Pheochromocytoma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor that arises from the chromaffin cells of the sympathetic nervous system. Over one third of pheochromocytomas are associated with germline mutations. We describe a 3 year-old girl with an inherited right adrenal malignant pheochromocytoma, with the mother diagnosed with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. Genetic tests revealed the presence of the VHL c 244 C>G (p. Arg 82 Gly) heterozygote mutation in the mother, as well as in the child. After 6 months from the complete resection of the tumor, the patient is without any clinical symptoms, with normal blood pressure, normal ophthalmoscopy, no tumor markers and no evidence of tumor on cerebral or abdominal MRI. Lifelong complex follow-up is needed, as it is known that at a later age VHL mutation may cause retinal angiomas, cerebellar and spinal hemangioblastomas, relapsed pheocromocytoma, pancreatic and renal cysts, clear cell renal cell carcinoma and endolymphatic sac tumors.
The effect of biologically active feed additives of humilid substances on the antioxidant system in liver mitochondria of gerbils
Authors: Dyomshina O. O. , Ushakova G. O. , Stepchenko L. M.
Published: June 2017

Mitochondria are organelles that are most sensitive to the action of stressors on any cell of the entire organism and exposure to chemicals which can cause its dysfunction and cell death in general. Especially sensitive to adverse conditions are liver mitochondria, where the processes of biotransformation of endogenous and exogenous metabolites are formed, not only in the liver, but also in other organs and tissues. Mitochondrial dysfunction can cause instant hepatic cytolysis and steatosis. Therefore, early detection of mitochondrial toxicity is important during preclinical studies of new pharmacological agents, as this will help avoid remote negative effects. The biologically active feed additive Humilid, a complex of humic acids known for their antidiarrheal, analgesic, immune-stimulating, and antimicrobial properties; shows a corrective effect on the activity of the lysosomal cathepsin; enhances the positive effect of hematopoiesis on hemoglobin and its quality indicators consisting of red blood cells; and activates the synthesis and accumulation of fibronectin expression that takes part in the formation of immunological protection of animals. The objective of our experiment was to determine the effect of complex biologically active feed additives based on humic substances on the biochemical indicators of the liver mitochondrial antioxidant system of Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus Milne-Edwards, 1867). The experiment was conducted on mature (6 months) Mongolian gerbils. The data obtained showing the influence of the biologically active feed additives Humilid, alone or in combination with ascorbate and Eco-impulse Animal, on the antioxidant defense system of liver mitochondria of gerbils are presented in this article. The proven antioxidant effect of humic substances in the mitochondrial fraction of the liver which inhibits the accumulation of oxidized products in the cells is shown, confirmed by the decrease in the number of TBA-active products, catalase activation, and an increase in the concentration of cytochrome C. Also, an increase in the amount of cytochrome C, which is a direct participant in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and provides efficient electron transport, indicates the acceleration of energy supply processes. The functional activity of mitochondria was accompanied by increased activity of aspartate aminotransferase involved in the shuttle of malate-aspartate transport of electrons through the mitochondrial membrane. The results obtained indicate the positive reaction of gerbil liver mitochondria under the influence of the biologically active feed additives of humic substance.
Morphofunctional characteristics of hepatocytes after exposure to intermittent normobaric hypoxia in normotensive and hypertensive rats
Authors: Yanko R. , Berezovskii V. , Chaka E. , Levashov M. , Plotnikova L. , Litovka I.
Published: June 2017

There are only few studies in which the effect of intermittent normobaric hypoxia on the liver status in animals and people with arterial hypertension has been investigated. That’s why it’s necessary to carry out these studies in animals with high blood pressure. The purpose of this work was to carry out comparative studies of the effect of dosed intermittent normobaric hypoxia on the morphofunctional state of hepatocytes of normotensive (line Wistar) and spontaneously hypertensive (line SHR) rats, age 4 months. The experimental rats were daily exposed to hypoxic gas mixture (12% oxygen in nitrogen) in intermittent mode: 15 minutes deoxygenation / 15 minutes reoxygenation for 2 hours. The duration of the experiment was 28 days. Histological, morphometric and biochemical research methods were used. The histological preparations were made by the standard methods. The slides were photographed using a digital camera on the microscope "Nikon" (Japan). The morphometric analysis was performed on digital images using the computer program "Image J". The activity of cytochrome oxidase and succinate dehydrogenase enzymes in a suspension of hepatocytes mitochondria was determined by the method of R. S. Krivchenkov. An increase was observed in the size of hepatocytes and their nucleus, in the number of binuclear hepatocytes and nucleolus in the liver of both experimental lines of animals after exposure to intermittent normobaric hypoxia. The distance between adjacent nuclei of hepatocytes decreased. Cytochrome oxidase activity in a suspension of mitochondria increased. These morphological changes took place in the liver parenchyma of the both experimental lines of rats. But they were more pronounced in the liver of rats of the Wistar line than in the SHR line. Our data indicated that dosed normobaric hypoxia had a one-way, stimulating effect on the morphofunctional activity of hepatocytes, but the severity of this effect in rats of different lines was not the same. The obtained data can have not only theoretical value, but also be of some practical interest when using intermittent normobaric hypoxia for medical and health purposes in patients with impaired liver function and arterial hypertension.
Evaluation of noise pollution level in the operating rooms of hospitals: A study in Iran
Authors: Giv Masoumeh Dorri , Sani Karim Ghazikhanlou , Alizadeh Majid , Valinejadi Ali , Majdabadi Hesamedin Askari
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Noise pollution in the operating rooms is one of the remaining challenges. Both patients and physicians are exposed to different sound levels during the operative cases, many of which can last for hours. This study aims to evaluate the noise pollution in the operating rooms during different surgical procedures.

Materials and methods

In this cross-sectional study, sound level in the operating rooms of Hamadan University-affiliated hospitals (totally 10) in Iran during different surgical procedures was measured using B&K sound meter. The gathered data were compared with national and international standards. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA, t-test, and Pearson’s correlation test.

Results

Noise pollution level at majority of surgical procedures is higher than national and international documented standards. The highest level of noise pollution is related to orthopedic procedures, and the lowest one related to laparoscopic and heart surgery procedures. The highest and lowest registered sound level during the operation was 93 and 55 dB, respectively. Sound level generated by equipments (69 ± 4.1 dB), trolley movement (66 ± 2.3 dB), and personnel conversations (64 ± 3.9 dB) are the main sources of noise.

Conclusion

The noise pollution of operating rooms are higher than available standards. The procedure needs to be corrected for achieving the proper conditions.
Influence of Screw Surface Treatment on Retention of Implant-Supported Fixed Partial Dentures
Authors: de Moura Marcos Boaventura , Rodrigues Renata Borges , Pinto Leandro Moreira , de Araújo Cleudmar Amaral , Novais Veridiana Resende , Júnior Paulo Cézar Simamoto
Published: June 2017

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating on the removal torque of prefabricated implant screws after cyclic loading. Four groups with two crowns supported by two implants (n = 5) were obtained according to splinted and nonsplinted prosthesis, using titanium or DLC screws (splinted crowns with titanium screw [STi], splinted crowns with DLC screw [SC], nonsplinted crowns and titanium screw [NSTi], and nonsplinted crowns and DLC screw [NSC]). The prosthetic screws were tightened at 32 Ncm and retightened, and the specimens were submitted to 106 mechanical cycles (4 Hz/98 N). After cyclic loading, loosening torque was evaluated, and the final measurements were performed. Data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test (α = .005). There was statistically significance in the interaction of screw × splinting (P = .003). For the group that used titanium screws, NSTi showed smaller removal torque compared with STi. It was concluded that the use of the DLC coating screws in nonsplinted prosthesis maintain the torque after cyclic loading.
Custom Cast Ball Attachments Used on Outdated Implants to Restore a Maxillary Implant-Supported Overdenture
Authors: Leite Andressa Rosa Perin , Marin Danny Omar Mendoza , Giro Gabriela , Pero Ana Carolina , Pinelli Ligia Antunes Pereira , Reis José Maurício dos Santos Nunes
Published: June 2017

The lack of compatible prosthetic components can be a complication during oral rehabilitation using outdated implants. The aim of the present clinical report was to describe an alternative technique for the fabrication of a maxillary implant-supported overdenture in a patient with 20-year-old dental implants using castable spherical patterns and ball attachments. The patient had been wearing a relined bar/clip overdenture in the mandible on 4 external-hexagon dental implants and a relined complete denture in the maxilla on 4 internal-hexagon implants due to abutment screw fracture inside of the implants, losing the attachment system. The remaining maxillary dental implants did not possess attachments compatible with current systems due to configuration changes by the manufacturer in the dental implant's platform and the components over time. Therefore, castable spherical patterns and cast ball attachments were used to fabricate a maxillary implant-supported overdenture. The mandible rehabilitation was performed using 4 osseointegrated dental implants with a fixed implant-supported prosthesis. The use of cast ball attachments on the maxillary dental implants avoided invasive procedures on the remaining implants. Considering the lack of available compatible prosthetic components for the osseointegrated implants, this technique was considered a viable and satisfactory treatment option.
Study of travel time variability using two-wheeler probe data – an Indian experience
Authors: Chepuri Akhilesh , Wagh Amol , Arkatkar Shriniwas S. , Joshi Gaurang
Published: June 2017

The objective of this study is to examine travel time reliability under the heterogeneous traffic conditions prevailing in developing countries such as India. The study is carried out using a motorised two-wheeler, which is a dominant vehicular type in conditions such as are found in India on urban arterial roads. Eight runs are conducted during morning peak hours by driving a motorised two-wheeler mounted with a performance box (equipped with high-precision global positioning system) with the traffic stream on the test route between Athwa and Piplod, in Surat city, Gujarat, situated in the western part of India. One of the major outcomes of the study is to propose the most suitable relationships between buffer time index (BTI) and volume-demand-to-capacity (V/C) ratio, as well as between planning time index (PTI) and V/C ratio. From the results, it is found that a polynomial function-based model can predict BTI as well as PTI for the given V/C ratio more accurately. The study also highlights the development of a methodology to define the level of service of a roadway facility based on travel time reliability measures. Furthermore, this research work discusses potential reliability measures for capturing travel time variations more appropriately.