bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sunlight exposure on human health and vitality
Authors: Ismailov G.M. , Sazanova E.A. , Notkina V.O. , Slobodenyuk A.I. , Logvinenko E.E. , Miroshnichenko E.E. , Somova M.A.
Published: June 2024

This paper studies the influence of sunlight on various aspects of human life, primarily on the skin. It destroys its components, such as collagen and melanin, and leads to various diseases, including skin cancer. It analyses the peculiarities of the sun's effect on the human body, its performance and the consequences of constant or one-time exposure. The work details the risks of sunlight exposure, including an increased risk of skin cancer, pigment spots, blisters, premature ageing, chronic inflammation, burns, as well as the exposure of high temperatures on humans, causing heat stroke and dehydration. It also characterizes two types of UV rays that can penetrate the skin – UVA and UVB rays – and emphasizes the danger of tanning, which is the protective reaction of our skin, and the consequences of which are various negative effects on the skin. The main part of the paper makes clear recommendations on how to prevent sun rays on the skin to ensure safe human activity. In conclusion, the important role of sunlight for our planet and the harm to human health, which can be prevented by observing the rules under
Calibrating the parameters of the cholera epidemic spread model
Authors: Baturina Natalia
Published: June 2024

A system-dynamic model of cholera spread, which takes into account different ways of infection and restrictive measures, is developed. The model allows calibration of a large number of system parameters based on data on the number of infected real observations. Three scenarios of epidemic development (blurred peak, pronounced peak, plateau and two peaks) are investigated. The developed model can be modified for other scenarios and epidemics. Its implementation does not require large computing and human resources. It can be used to pre-predict the dynamics of the epidemic, as well as to organize effective measures to prevent threats associated with a pandemic.
Fitness of athletes with musculoskeletal disabilities as an element of sustainable behaviour psychology
Authors: Byankina Larisa , Khotimchenko Alla , Byankin Vladimir
Published: June 2024

At present, both from the point of view of individual sciences and, above all, from the point of view of the emerging interdisciplinary approaches, the problems of the correlation between the physical and the mental in human development are a very relevant area of scientific research. Each science in the interdisciplinary approach has its own traditions, methods and research methodology, the use of which largely depends on the particular scientist and the scientific school he or she has passed through. The problem of sports training of disabled people touches a powerful layer of anthropological problems, ranging from anthropometry to social, cultural and philosophical anthropology, aimed at understanding the nature and essence of man. Within the problem field of cultural anthropology at the intersection with cognitive science, the problems of cognitive anthropology are considered. Modern cognitive science insists on the inclusion of an inner plan, a plan of mental intentions, in order to understand the essence of any kind of human activity. In sport, the inseparability of mental and physiological, mental and physical, feeling and action is an indispensable condition of this kind of human practice. A special role is played by sport for the disabled. The article deals with the methods of assessing the level of physical development of persons with lesions of the locomotor system who are engaged in powerlifting. The positive influence of powerlifting on the physical condition of athletes of this category is proven, which leads to a more stable mental state and greater psychological well-being.
Elements of environmental education in the process of teaching university students
Authors: Leontev Mikhail
Published: June 2024

The aim of the research is to analyze the elements of environmental education in the process of teaching university students, and the level of environmental culture of students, to examine the relationship between environmental values and environmental responsibility. The obtained results show that students of civil engineering training have a medium level of environmental knowledge and skills, and proenvironmental attitudes and values are strongly expressed. Regarding the environmental orientation of teaching, the pedagogical and didactic areas were rated at a medium level, while the organizational area related to the curriculum was rated at a high level. Consequently, it is necessary to clearly specify environmental training in the curricula and study programmes of higher education institutions. The results of our study confirmed a positive correlation between environmental values and environmental responsibility. Respondents who believed that the effective functioning of society and the survival of mankind are inextricably linked to environmental protection demonstrated a greater degree of personal responsibility.
Applications of artificial intelligence to identify fake accounts: Psychological and legal aspects
Authors: Smolenskiy Mikhail , Levshin Nikolay
Published: June 2024

This article analyzes the threats posed by the proliferation of fake accounts in today's information society. The authors consider the history of the emergence and development of this problem, as well as the ways proposed by governments and the international scientific community to address it. In search of a viable solution, they compare various methods for limiting the spread of fake accounts. They suggest using artificial intelligence technology as a promising alternative. As a training basis for AI, the authors propose analyzing the behavioral motivations of those who create fake accounts, in order to utilize a trained behavioral analytics system to combat fakes automatically. Along with key principles for using behavioral metrics, the authors provide various examples that illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of their proposed solution. Special attention is paid to the legal aspects of implementing the proposed solution, as the process of detecting fake accounts is intricately linked to the processing of biometric and other personal data. The requirements for the storage and processing of personal data are becoming stricter every year. Therefore, in order to limit the spread of fake accounts, it is essential to find a solution that complies with information legislation.
Gastronomic culture as a factor of intercultural communication in tourism
Authors: Davidova Ekaterina , Dudkina Olga
Published: June 2024

This study aims to analyze gastronomic culture as part of ethnographic tourism and its impact on the development of regional tourism. The article substantiates the relevance and expediency of the development of gastronomic culture as a component of intercultural communication in tourism. The purpose of the study is to consider the concept of "gastronomic culture", its impact on ethnic and national identity and the development of a tourist destination. The purpose of the study is to build a general configuration of the problem field associated with "gastronomic culture", included in tourist practices and influencing the formation of ethnic identity and intercultural communication of various ethnic groups. The paper compares the results of the analysis of current historical, historiographical and culturological scientific works on gastronomic culture, the study of representations of gastronomic culture in the tourist and socio-cultural spheres, a pilot survey (N = 149) of respondents to reconstruct ideas about gastronomic culture, ethnographic tourism.
Methodology for improving the efficiency of occupational safety management of an enterprise based on the theory of risk management
Authors: Kuzheleva Marina , Pushenko Sergey , Staseva Elena
Published: June 2024

The creation and effective functioning of the occupational health and safety management system is the basis of occupational safety at the enterprise. The purpose of the research is to ensure safe working conditions by improving the efficiency of the enterprise's occupational safety management system based on the theory of risk management. The article proposes a methodology for improving the efficiency of the occupational safety and health management system, which allows to analyse the state of occupational safety and health at the enterprise, develop a unified register of risk-forming factors for the organisation, establish numerical values of occupational risk at each workplace and identify the most significant groups of risk-forming factors. For high-risk workplaces, measures are being developed to reduce the risk of exposure to environmental factors on the employee, which contributes to improving the effectiveness of the occupational safety management system. The result of the research is to develop an accessible and practical application-oriented methodology for improving the efficiency of the enterprise's occupational safety management system, based on the assessment and management of occupational risks, which improves the actual state of working conditions at the enterprise.
Establishment of a ground surface temperature map for climate change response on the basis of Landsat 8 OLI satellite images
Authors: Hien Vu Thi Thu , Son Tran Thanh , Chinh Duong Thi Mai , Hue Le Thi Hoa
Published: June 2024

In recent years, in Vietnam, there have been studies using the thermal infrared channel to estimate the surface temperature value, studies using Plank's formula to estimate the surface temperature value from the thermal infrared channel without using the surface emissivity, using the emissivity as a common constant for coating objects [1 – 4]. In the area of Bim Son town – Thanh Hoa province – Vietnam, along with the process of urbanization as well as socio-economic development, the quality of the urban environment, surface coverage by plants and use activities have been greatly affected, especially the limestone mining for cement of one of the largest cement plants in the country (Bim Son cement plant) has had a significant impact on the temperature of the area. The monitoring results have not provided an overview of the temperature background of the whole area of Bim Son town in the period of 2017-2023 in order to assess the change in the temperature background of the region, thereby providing solutions to respond to climate change. The article uses Landsat 8 OLI satellite images to establish a surface heat map for the assessment of climate change for the area of Bim Son – Thanh Hoa, thereby making more general assessments for other areas in Vietnam. The experimental results were compared and evaluated to show the relevance of the data as well as the image processing process.
Modeling the rational use of natural resources and innovative quantum technologies in agribusiness
Authors: Mukhamedieva D.T. , Safarova L.U. , Kudratov A.T.
Published: June 2024

The influence of quantum computing techniques on the optimization of resource allocation in the agricultural sector is analyzed. The use of variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) algorithm to achieve optimal resource allocation is explored. It has been found that production functions, such as the Cobb-Douglas function, effectively describe the transformation of input parameters into output. Parameterization of a quantum circuit and minimization of the expected value of the Hamiltonian to optimize resource allocation are studied. It is determined that the quantum optimization approach demonstrates improved computational efficiency compared to classical methods. It has been found that the integration of quantum technologies can significantly improve resource allocation in agriculture. An assumption has been made about increasing productivity and sustainability in the agricultural sector thanks to quantum methods. Further research on quantum algorithms is proposed to improve the efficiency of natural resource management. New software has been developed for modeling and optimizing production functions in agriculture. The use of quantum computing to solve complex problems in the agricultural sector is justified. A detailed description of the quantum algorithm and its benefits in the context of agriculture is presented.
Elaeagnus macrophylla Thunb. leaf morphology and chemical composition
Authors: Norkulova L.U. , Fayzullayeva D.B. , Kurbonova Z.M. , Rajamuradova N.Z. , Khursandov J.M.
Published: June 2024

This article presents data on leaf morphology and total oil and carbohydrate content of Elaeagnus macrophylla Thunb. It contains information on ways to determine the importance of plants with essential oil in medicine and economy, modern methods.This article also provides information on monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides. Also information about the importance and properties of carbohydrates is provided.
The impact of the hydrological condition of Kashkadarya oasis on the formation of agrolandscapes
Authors: Suyunov Abdusali , Aminjanova Malika , Khushmurodov Farrukh , Usmanova Rokhatjon , Erdonov Latif , Mukumova Husnora , Navotova Dilnoza , Sultanov Shukhrat
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the hydrological condition of Kashkadarya province, rational use of land resources and factors contributing to the degradation of agroirrigation landscapes due to soil erosion. It also highlights the impact of surface and groundwater on the socio-economic development of the region, as well as geographical and environmental issues of land use in the process of intercropping.
Analysis of parameters technological gas emissions neutralization during the sintering process of phosphorite agglomerate
Authors: Nezamaev Sergey , Borisov Vadim , Bobkov Vladimir , Orekhov Vladimir
Published: June 2024

This study analyzes the specific properties and technological parameters of gas emissions from chemical-energy processes [1], considering the volume and content of toxic components, as well as the operating experience of gas emission purification systems at existing phosphate plants. A three-stage system of apparatuses is studied for gas purification: an ensemble of single cyclones, foam aggregates irrigated with aqueous caustic soda solution. It is established that cyclones are the most suitable apparatus for dry gas cleaning, and that their diameter should be no more than one meter to increase the efficiency of cleaning. It has been demonstrated through scientific research that when cleaning phosphorite sintering gases, which have a volume exceeding the capacity of a single cyclone, it is necessary to use group cyclones. These are several cyclones combined into one group with a common hopper. It is recommended that the cyclone speed be increased by approximately 50% in comparison to the standard speed, which contributes to an increase in the efficiency of the separation of impurities in the purified gas.
The importance of Azolla aquatic plants in creating a natural sustainable nutrient environment in the fisheries industry
Authors: Shernazarov Shavkat , Davronova Sharqiya , Tashpulatov Yigitali , Rakhmonov Vakhob , Muminov Sohib , Nurniyozov Aktam
Published: June 2024

The article analyzes data on the cultivation of Azolla in different nutrient media and economic efficiency in fisheries. Azolla has a high nutritional value compared to other aquatic plants because it is a source of protein with almost all the essential amino acids needed for animal nutrition. In the selected nutrient medium, the green mass of Azolla increased several times. Technical regulations have been developed for growing Azolla in different nutrient media in open conditions. The results of a chemical study of the green mass of Azolla showed that in the selected nutrient medium the proportion of protein increased several times. This study analyzes the efficiency of feeding nile tilapia with Azolla one of the aquatic plants.
Using bioproducts for soybean protection against the soybean pod borer (Leguminivora glycinivorella Mats.) under the conditions of the steppe zone of Primorsky kray
Authors: Belova Tatiana , Telichko Olga , Syrmolot Oksana , Lastushkina Elena
Published: June 2024

This paper presents the results of a study on bioproducts BioKill, EC, and Proclaim, WG, against the soybean pod borer (Leguminivora glycinivorella Mats.), which damages soybean pods in the agroecosystems of Primorsky kray. This species is one of the main soybean pests in the Russian Far Eastern federal district. The research was conducted on late soybean variety Briz in the conditions of the steppe zone of Primorsky kray – in the soybeans fields of FSBSI “FSC of Agricultural Biotechnology of the Far East named after A.K. Chaiki”. The plan of the experiment included the use of bioinsecticides BioKill, EC, and Proclaim, WG, for treating plants either during the growing period (two times) or in combination with seed-applied insecticide Imidor Pro, SC. Our research goal was to evaluate the biological and economic efficacy of the bioproducts against Leguminivora glycinivorella Mats. It was established that applying the bioinsecticides decreased the degree of the damage caused by the soybean pod borer (larvae) to soybean pods and seeds and positively affected the productivity of soybean plants. Bioproduct BioKill, EC, had the highest biological efficacy. The protective properties of bioinsecticide Proclaim, WG, were observed to be weaker. The research results demonstrated that bioproducts BioKill, EC, and Proclaim, WG, were effective against the soybean pod borer Leguminivora glycinivorella Mats. and could be used as soybean protection products in the agroecosystems of the Russian Far East.
Determining the parameters of the milling coulter of the sod seeder
Authors: Demshin Sergej , Andreev Vasilij , Saitov Viktor , Simonov Maksim , Zyryanov Dmitrij
Published: June 2024

For strip sowing of grass seeds into the sod, a milling coulter with bladed knives has been developed. To determine the optimal parameters and modes of operation of the milling coulter with lamellar knives, a three-level Box-Benkin plan for three factors was implemented. Regression models of the developed milling working body are obtained. An increase in the peripheral speed of the knives of the milling working body significantly improves the quality of tillage, regardless of the number of knives. An increase in the number of knives of the milling coulter also causes an increase in the content of soil particles of 0...25 mm, and the transition from two knives to four ensures its increase by 15.6...20.8%, moreover, the replacement of four knives with six knives - only by 5.8...7.3%. The minimum energy consumption of the milling working body with six bladed knives is 2.0…2.2 kW, which was obtained at a peripheral speed of the knives of 6.0…6.4 m/s. The maximum content of soil fractions 0…10 mm and 0…25 mm, respectively, 69.8% and 91.8%, provides a milling coulter with lamellar knives at their peripheral speed of 8.0…8.4 m/s.
The analyses of physical and mechanical properties in the process of soil interaction with working elements of the cultivator of vibrating principle action
Authors: Soyunov Alexej , Kuzmin Dmitry , Prokopov Sergej , Golovin Alexandr , Abdylmanova Raykhan
Published: June 2024

The characteristics of the natural-climatic zone of the Omsk region are given and an analysis of the physical and mechanical properties of soils is carried out. A technical solution for cultivating the soil using the working parts of vibrating cultivator has been proposed. In the process of this research, the dependences of the trajectory movement of the vibratingtype lancet paw and its blades ends when interacting with the cultivated soil were established, and calculations of traction resistance were performed. The use of vibrating working body of the cultivator reduces traction resistance by 5%, which saves fuel, increases the degree of weed cutting by 10%, and decrease the degree of soil sticking by 15%. The effectiveness of using cultivator with vibration-action working parts helps to increase crop yields and reduce the cost of resulting products.
Main biologically active substances of amaranth grain
Authors: Sidorova Yuliya , Perova Irina , Paleeva Maria , Petrov Nikita
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the study was to determine the nutritional value and main biologically active substances in amaranth grain from different geographical regions of growth and its processed products. Nine commercially available amaranth samples were selected for the study: 1-3. amaranth grain originated from Russia, Peru and India, respectively, 4. extruded flour, 5. high-protein flour, 30% protein 6. flour with a protein content of 20%, 7. flour, enriched with fiber, 8. cake flour, 9. amaranth grain that has not undergone technological purification (samples 4-9 - country of origin - Russia). The protein content in amaranth samples varied from 12.6 to 33.8%, the fat content was in the range of 5.6-8.1%, and the carbohydrate content was 50.4-72.2% , the ash content was 2.06-6.12% and moisture 2.1-7.1%. The main hydrocinnamic acids in amaranth samples were identified: caffeic, ferulic and p-coumaric. The main flavonoids in the studied samples were rutin pentoside, rutin and nicotiflorin (kaempferol-3-rutinoside). The main fatty acids identified: linoleic, oleic, palmitic, stearic, vaccenic, alpha-linolenic (ω-3).
The effectiveness of using modern fertilizers when growing grape seedlings
Authors: Titova Larisa , Avdeenko Irina
Published: June 2024

The experiment was carried out in the conditions of the Rostov region in 2021-2022. The application of foliar fertilizing with modern preparations Fertigrain Foliar and Juss Argentum Agro was studied. The treatment was carried out when growing grafted grape seedlings of the Sibirkovy and Varyushkin varieties; the phylloxera-resistant variety Kober 5BB was used as a rootstock. Research has shown that the length of the mature part of the growth increases: from 21.0 cm to 54 cm for the Varyushkin variety; from 28.7 cm to 90.3 cm for the Sibirkovy variety; the diameter of one-year growth also increased in variants with the use of fertilizers: from 5.0 mm to 5.9 mm in seedlings of the Varyushkin grape variety; from 5.1 mm to 9.0 mm in seedlings of the Sibirkovy grape variety. The yield of seedlings from school in all variants with the use of drugs was higher than in the control variants for the two studied varieties. The use of foliar treatment ensured an increase in the yield of seedlings from a grape school by 12.5-25.1% (for the Sibirkovy variety) and 4.4-18.4% (for the Varyushkin variety).
Numerical simulation of wind turbines conducted using COMSOL software
Authors: Hamdamov Muzaffar , Fayziev Rabim , Muzaffarov Sardor
Published: June 2024

The article presents the results of modeling air flow in a turbulent mode of flow around a wind device as profiles and fields of pressure and velocity. The simulation was performed with the help of the COMSOL software package. The axial velocity profile, pressure coefficient around the blade and instantaneous power coefficient of one blade using the transient SST model are in good agreement with the experimental data. The presented values of the device’s power factor Cp were obtained using different turbulence models. When mathematically modeling the flow around a vertical axis wind turbine, the transient SST turbulence model can be used, which provides satisfactory results.
Intelligent vector-frequency control system for asynchronous electric motors
Authors: Jumaev Odil , Arziev Eldor , Turaev Sanjar
Published: June 2024

This article analyzes the main directions and principles of developing a mathematical model for creating an intelligent system for vector-frequency control of asynchronous electric motors. Particular attention is paid to the development of a frequency converter structure that allows the implementation of an energy-saving algorithm in a direct torque control (DTC) system to reduce stator current consumption from the power source. This approach guarantees stable operation of the electric motor under various load conditions and voltage changes in the electrical network. The synthesis of a speed control system and current control loops are considered and generalized models of a vector control system are developed using the Matlab software package and the main Simulink library.
Managing an efficient energy supply chain
Authors: Alzoubi Khaled
Published: June 2024

The functioning of the modern world economy is impossible without the efficiency of its key processes. The main purpose of the research is to argue the main aspects of effective supply chain management in the energy sector. The relevance of the study is due to the growing energy shortage in the world, which creates the need to develop and increase the efficiency of supply chains. Attention is focused on the complexity and risks of global supply chains in modern conditions. Structuring the basic aspects of the organization and the benefits of a sustainable supply chain in the energy sector. The main trends that are transforming modern supply chains in the world are substantiated. Formalization of the key stages of effective supply chain management to ensure the achievement of strategic business goals and objectives of companies, minimizing costs and risks, optimizing business processes and increasing efficiency. Conceptualize key strategies for improving supply chain efficiency and reducing cost drivers in the energy sector. The main results of the study are significant and can be applied in practice when building a supply chain and formalizing a strategy for increasing the efficiency of global supply chains, both in the energy sector and in other directions.
Aquaculture-driver of the fisheries industry
Authors: Komlatsky Grigory
Published: June 2024

Based on a generalization of an extensive array of statistical and analytical data, an analysis of the state of the fishery complex of Russia and the Krasnodar Territory was carried out. The industry’s contribution to solving the problem of food security has been determined. A fairly high degree of self-sufficiency of Russians in fish products has been noted. The current state and features of the functioning of the global and Russian fishing industry are determined. Based on the UN FAO Blue Transformation program, a global trend has been identified to increase the production of commercial aquaculture and the prerequisites for its development in Russia. At the same time, it is indicated that the degree of development of aquaculture in Russia does not correspond to the natural capabilities of the country. Based on an analysis of the state of aquaculture in the south of Russia, the reasons for the decline in the level of commercial fish production in freshwater bodies of the southern regions of the country are identified. The prospects for the restoration and development of commercial fish farming in pond farms and lake-type farms have been determined. The reserves for expanding the areas of aquaculture, including mariculture in the coastal part of the Black Sea coast of the Krasnodar Territory are outlined. The feasibility of developing commercial aquaculture in RAS installations in small forms of management and the need to modernize the industry are substantiated. Proposals have been formulated on the need to further expand government support measures and search for options for more accelerated development of fish feed production in order to reduce import dependence. It has been proven that in modern conditions aquaculture is the driver of the fishery complex. For further successful development of the industry, a favorable investment climate, financial support from the state, and the development of public-private partnerships in the implementation of relevant projects are necessary. The progressive development of the aquaculture industry will expand the range of fish products, increase their consumption by the country’s population, and increase employment and income levels.
Observing temporary changes in gait using a mobile phone
Authors: Dorofeev Nikolay , Sharapov Ruslan , Goryachev Maxim , Kochetkova Sofia , Kostyukhina Anastasia
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the article is to analyze temporary changes in human gait, the parameters of which are recorded using the accelerometer of a mobile phone in everyday use. The work presents trends in the field of personalized medicine and monitoring the health of employees in the manufacturing sector based on wearable and mobile devices. The features of collecting and processing data on a person’s gait using a mobile phone are presented, which act as a comprehensive assessment of human health parameters. The results of a year-long research of changes in human gait are presented. Daily, weekly and annual trends are identified. The research analyzed mobile phone accelerometer time series representing double steps during gait. When constructing trends, the maximum value of the cross-correlation function of data segments was used. Data segmentation was carried out according to the length of the double step. Based on the results of the research, an assumption is made about the possibility of recording individual characteristics of the functioning of the human musculoskeletal system using a mobile phone and conducting further research in order to accumulate statistical material and identify the relationship between a person’s lifestyle and changes in gait parameters.
Scientific approach in justification of monitoring and bioremediation of natural reservoirs in the suburban area
Authors: Medvedeva Lyudmila , Morozova Irina , Kostin Vasily , Gorbunova Alina , Parshev Sergey
Published: June 2024

The relevance of the study is explained by the need to form a scientific approach to monitoring and bioremediation of pond reservoirs located in suburban areas. Further climate change, population growth, and excessive water intake lead to a decrease of restoration functions of water bodies and an increase of the HAB (Harmful Algal Bloom) effect. Suburban areas combine features of rural and urban lifestyles. At these territories, pond fish farming is intensively developed, and a space-time continuum with Push-pull strategies is being formed. The fishery complex of the Russian South is on the rise. It constantly requires applying of innovations. The essence of the research hypothesis was to define economic motivators for the development of pond fish farming in a suburban area, and to substantiate scientific approach to monitoring and bioremediation of water bodies. The represented materials reveal the tools for the development and using of automated devices and smart technologies in biosphere monitoring. Also the materials describe the tools for promotion of environmentally friendly technologies (bioremediation in the pond business). It is shown that such key requirements as mobility, efficiency, and using of green technologies, including bioremediation, become more and more significant for the development of pond fish farming in suburban areas. =
Making algorithmic app use a virtuous cycle: Influence of user gratification and fatigue on algorithmic app dependence
Authors: Qiao Rui , Liu Cong , Xu Jun
Published: June 2024

Algorithmic recommendation technology, including news apps, social networking services (SNSs), and video or short-video apps, and is widely embedded in various mobile applications (apps), has raised concerns about potential addiction. This study constructs a model linking the uses and gratifications of algorithmic recommendation apps with algorithmic dependence, with a particular focus on fatigue as a key mediator in explaining the psychological mechanism behind the formation of algorithmic app dependence. Snowball sampling was employed for data collection, and a total of 354 valid questionnaires were collected via the online survey tool (i.e., WJX platform). The results show that the use of algorithmic recommendation apps has a direct positive effect on algorithmic app dependence. While all three types of user gratification obtained (i.e., information gratification, entertainment gratification, and expression gratification) are positively related to algorithmic app dependence, the mediating role of fatigue varies: entertainment gratification indirectly reduces algorithmic app dependence by increasing fatigue, whereas expression gratification indirectly increases algorithmic app dependence by reducing fatigue. The theoretical contributions and practical implications of the research findings are discussed.
Low-temperature magnetic interactions in the “butterfly”-type {Fe3GdO2} compound: The persistence of magnetic chains
Authors: Rubín J. , Arauzo A. , Bartolomé F. , Prodius D. , Bartolomé J.
Published: June 2024

Heat capacity measurements on the Ln = Gd case of the butterfly molecule series [Fe3Ln(μ3–O)2 (CCl3COO)8(H2O)(THF)3], in brief {Fe3LnO2}, are presented. In the previously studied {Fe3YO2} butterfly, where the magnetic properties stem only from the Fe3+ ions, magnetic chains of spin-5/2 Fe3Y clusters had been identified and described. The substitution of the nonmagnetic Y3+ ion by the magnetic Gd3+ adds magnetic interactions to the clusters, but not magnetic anisotropy. The heat capacity measurement shows an excess over the contribution of the antiferromagnetically coupled Fe3Gd magnetic clusters at very low temperature, which can be described as magnetic spin-1 chains using a Blume–Capel model. The intercluster interaction constant Jch=−55(5) mK is very similar to that of {Fe3YO2}, which shows that the interaction is mainly controlled by the magnitude of the cluster’s magnetic moment.
Robustness analysis of interdependent network accounting for failure probability and coupling patterns
Authors: Yang Lixin , Dang Yuanchen , Guo Gaihui , Jiang Jun
Published: June 2024

The robustness of interdependent networks against perturbations is an important problem for network design and operation. This paper focuses on establishing a cascading failure dynamics model and analyzing the robustness for interdependent networks, in which the states of the nodes follow certain failure probability and various connectivity patterns. First, to describe the removal mechanism of an overloaded node, the failure probability associated with the load distribution of components was proposed. Then, we present the node capacity cost and the average capacity cost of the network to investigate the propagation of cascading failures. Finally, to discuss the impact of the configuration parameters on robustness, some numerical examples are conducted, where the robustness was analyzed based on the proposed method and different interdependence types. Our results show that, the larger the overload parameter, the more robust the network is, but this also increases the network cost. Furthermore, we find that allocating more protection resources to the nodes with higher degree can enhance the robustness of the interdependent network. The robustness of multiple-to-multiple interdependent networks outperforms that of one-to-one interdependent networks under the same coupling pattern. In addition, our results unveil that the impact of coupling strategies on the robustness of multiple-to-multiple interdependent networks is smaller than that of one-to-one interdependent networks.
Local and global expansivity in water
Authors: Gabriel Jan Philipp , Horstmann Robin , Tress Martin
Published: June 2024

The supra-molecular structure of a liquid is strongly connected to its dynamics, which in turn control macroscopic properties such as viscosity. Consequently, detailed knowledge about how this structure changes with temperature is essential to understand the thermal evolution of the dynamics ranging from the liquid to the glass. Here, we combine infrared spectroscopy (IR) measurements of the hydrogen (H) bond stretching vibration of water with molecular dynamics simulations and employ a quantitative analysis to extract the inter-molecular H-bond length in a wide temperature range of the liquid. The extracted expansivity of this H-bond differs strongly from that of the average nearest neighbor distance of oxygen atoms obtained through a common conversion of mass density. However, both properties can be connected through a simple model based on a random loose packing of spheres with a variable coordination number, which demonstrates the relevance of supra-molecular arrangement. Furthermore, the exclusion of the expansivity of the inter-molecular H-bonds reveals that the most compact molecular arrangement is formed in the range of ∼316−331K (i.e., above the density maximum) close to the temperature of several pressure-related anomalies, which indicates a characteristic point in the supra-molecular arrangement. These results confirm our earlier approach to deduce inter-molecular H-bond lengths via IR in polyalcohols [Gabriel et al. J. Chem. Phys. 154, 024503 (2021)] quantitatively and open a new alley to investigate the role of inter-molecular expansion as a precursor of molecular fluctuations on a bond-specific level.
Relationship between crystal orientation and energy storage capacity in WO3 photoelectrodes for water splitting
Authors: Hirai Makoto , Tsuzuki Keita , Tamura Fumihiro , Fujita Naoyuki
Published: June 2024

For photoelectrochemical water splitting, tungsten trioxide (WO3) films with a monoclinic structure were synthesized on fluorine-doped tin oxide coated glass substrates with a vacuum evaporation method. To control the WO3 film thickness from 0.42 to 5.6 μm, the crystal orientation was intergraded from the (200) crystal plane to the (002) one. In x-ray diffraction measurements, the intensity ratio of the (002) crystal plane to the (200) one was defined as rp. In the WO3 photoelectrode with higher (002)-preferred orientation, the photocurrent continued to flow even when the incident light against the photoelectrode was completely blocked after the irradiation for 60 s. This suggests that hydrogen continues to be produced owing to the electrons charged by the formation of a hydrogen tungsten bronze (HxWO3) phase. After 72 s, the photocurrent density of the WO3 photoelectrode with rp = 42 became one-tenth of the value before the incident light was blocked. This charge release time was remarkably long compared to those of the WO3 photoelectrodes with (200)-preferred orientation and non-orientation. Therefore, it was considered that the hydrogen ion diffusion through the defects in the WO3 crystals tends to occur in the [002] crystal direction. However, the improvement in the (002)-preferred orientation can facilitate the structural change from the WO3 phase to the HxWO3 one for the entire film.
Performance improvement of HfO2-based ferroelectric with 3D cylindrical capacitor stress optimization
Authors: Li Wenqi , Xia Zhiliang , Fan Dongyu , Fang Yuxuan , Huo Zongliang
Published: June 2024

To meet commercialization requirements, the distributions of materials in hafnium-based ferroelectric devices—including their phase and orientation—need to be controlled. This article presents a method for improving the ferroelectric phase ratio and orientation by adjusting the stress distribution of the annealing structure in a three-dimensional capacitor. In such a structure, stress can be applied in three directions: tangential, axial, and radial; there are, thus, more ways to regulate stress in three-dimensional structures than in two-dimensional structures. This work sought to clarify the role of the stress direction on the proportions and orientations of ferroelectric phases. The results of stress simulations show that a structure with an internal TiN electrode, but no filling provides greater axial and tangential stresses in the hafnium-oxide layer. In comparison with the case of the hole being filled with tungsten, the proportion of the O phase is increased by approximately 20%, and in experiments, the projection of the polarization direction onto the normal was found to be increased by 5%. Axial and tangential stresses are regarded to be beneficial for the formation of the O phase and for improving the orientation of the polarization direction. This work provides a theoretical basis and guidance for the three-dimensional integration of hafnium-based ferroelectric materials.
Multicompartment duct platform to study epithelial–endothelial crosstalk associated with lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Gagnon Keith A. , Huang Jessie , Hix Olivia T. , Hui Veronica W. , Hinds Anne , Bullitt Esther , Eyckmans Jeroen , Kotton Darrell N. , Chen Christopher S.
Published: June 2024

Previous lung-on-chip devices have facilitated significant advances in our understanding of lung biology and pathology. Here, we describe a novel lung-on-a-chip model in which human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived alveolar epithelial type II cells (iAT2s) form polarized duct-like lumens alongside engineered perfused vessels lined with human umbilical vein endothelium, all within a 3D, physiologically relevant microenvironment. Using this model, we investigated the morphologic and signaling consequences of the KRASG12D mutation, a commonly identified oncogene in human lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We show that expression of the mutant KRASG12D isoform in iAT2s leads to a hyperproliferative response and morphologic dysregulation in the epithelial monolayer. Interestingly, the mutant epithelia also drive an angiogenic response in the adjacent vasculature that is mediated by enhanced secretion of the pro-angiogenic factor soluble uPAR. These results demonstrate the functionality of a multi-cellular in vitro platform capable of modeling mutation-specific behavioral and signaling changes associated with lung adenocarcinoma.
CMOS-compatible photonic integrated circuits on thin-film ScAlN
Authors: Wang Sihao , Dhyani Veerendra , Mohanraj Sakthi Sanjeev , Shi Xiaodong , Varghese Binni , Chung Wing Wai , Huang Ding , Lim Zhi Shiuh , Zeng Qibin , Liu Huajun , Luo Xianshu , Leong Victor , Li Nanxi , Zhu Di
Published: June 2024

Scandium aluminum nitride (ScAlN) has recently emerged as an attractive material for integrated photonics due to its favorable nonlinear optical properties and compatibility with complementary metal–oxide semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication. Despite the promising and versatile material properties, it is still an outstanding challenge to realize low-loss photonic circuits on thin-film ScAlN-on-insulator wafers. Here, we present a systematic study on the material quality of sputtered thin-film Sc0.1Al0.9N produced in a CMOS-compatible 200 mm line, including its crystallinity, roughness, and second-order optical nonlinearity, and developed an optimized fabrication process to yield 400 nm thick, fully etched waveguides. With surface polishing and annealing, we achieve micro-ring resonators with an intrinsic quality factor as high as 1.47 × 105, corresponding to a propagation loss of 2.4 dB/cm. These results serve as a critical step toward developing future large-scale, low-loss photonic integrated circuits based on ScAlN.
Achieving versatile optoelectronic applications of environment-friendly halide double perovskite by multi-ion codoping strategy
Authors: Li Cheng , Yu Yang , Han Peigeng , Zhou Wei , Li Hui , Lu Ruifeng
Published: June 2024

Lead-free halide double perovskites (DPs) have been regarded as a class of environmentally friendly and promising optoelectronic materials. Herein, we report the synthesis, luminescence properties, and optoelectronic applications of lanthanide (Ln = Yb3+/Er3+)/M (M = Bi3+/Sb3+/Mn2+) codoped Cs2NaInCl6 single crystals (SCs). The Yb/Er codoped Cs2NaInCl6 SCs show upconversion and downshifting visible/short-wave infrared (SWIR) photoluminescence emission. After further introduction of Sb3+/Mn2+ ions into the host, bright blue and red emissions are observed with the PLQYs of 96.28% and 21.58%, respectively. With the incorporation of Bi3+ ions, the upconversion and visible/SWIR luminescence intensities of Yb/Er/Bi codoped Cs2NaInCl6 SCs are significantly enhanced. The incorporation of Bi3+ dopant in the DP host can construct a more efficient energy transfer process, resulting in excellent luminescence efficiency. The multi-ion codoped DP system exhibits great potential for optoelectronic applications in the fields of anticounterfeiting, photodetector, and x-ray imaging. This work will help guide the design and development of environmentally friendly multi-functional materials.
Research on uncertainties in fuel centrifugal pump based on prediction and reconstruction of internal flow field
Authors: Liu Xianwei , Zhong Shijie , Zheng Xuebo , Fu Jiangfeng
Published: June 2024

Geometric machining errors in the blade profile and variable operating conditions in the extreme operating environment are primary factors leading to the uncertainties in pump performance. This paper presents an analysis of uncertainties of fuel centrifugal pumps by modeling the geometry uncertainty in blade machining based on the Karhunen–Loève (KL) expansion and using a polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) model. First, the geometric uncertainty in the blade machining is described by the KL expansion in three sections and a stochastic simulation of the blade geometry is performed. Then, a PCE surrogate model is trained based on the least angle regression method and validated by the bootstrap method to quantify the uncertainties of performance indices. Finally, the influence mechanism and relative importance of each input uncertainty parameter are investigated using a quasi-Monte Carlo simulation method. The results show that the KL expansion of the blade profile uses the random vector perturbation superposition of three stream surface, achieving the dimensional reduction in the blade machining error. The PCE surrogate model, trained with a dataset of 3 × 106 sample points, exhibits excellent fit, and the R-squared and adjusted R-squared for head coefficient and efficiency are both above 80%. The variance of parameter control points of the reconstructed flow field is less than 0.002. The uncertainties in both operating conditions and parameters have an influence on the distribution of the global flow field, while the influence of the uncertainty in machining error on the global flow field mainly concentrates on the power-generating positions of the blade.
A one-domain pore-resolved approach for multiphase flows in porous media
Authors: Ou Zhisong , Wan Yong , Xue Qiang , Chi Cheng , Gharibi Farshad , Thévenin Dominique
Published: June 2024

Modeling multiphase flow in porous structures remains a challenge due to the complexity of handling multiple interfaces. This paper presents a one-domain pore-resolved simulation approach for immiscible two-phase flows in porous media, using a monolithic fluid–solid coupling framework to implicitly consider the existence of solid objects, with the fluid–fluid interfaces captured through solving an algebraic volume of fluid equation. Fluid interfacial tension is considered by integrating a continuum surface force, and the wall wettability condition is imposed by modifying the contact angle of the fluid interface at the embedded solid surface. The resulting equations are simple and stable, as there are no empirical models or parameters involved for the interface representation. This approach has been validated through performing a series of test-case simulations, including capillary-dominated flow, capillary rise with gravity, Taylor film formation, and finally two-phase flow in a heterogeneous porous structure. The numerical approach is demonstrated to be well suited for investigating pore-scale two-phase flows in realistic porous media.