bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural-phase state and properties of 56GM/(W + WC(Ni)) composite alloy obtained by wire electron beam additive manufacturing
Authors: Nikonenko A. V. , Vorontsov A. V. , Shamarin N. N. , Utyaganova V. R. , Savchenko N. L. , Zykova A. P.
Published: January 2025

The authors investigated the microstructure and mechanical characteristics of 56GM steel-based composite produced by wire electron-beam additive manufacturing with the addition of W + WC(Ni) powders during printing. The analysis demonstrates that 56GM/(W + WC(Ni)) composite alloy is characterised by a gradient structure consisting of 56GM base layer, 56GM – 56GM/(W + WC(Ni)) intermediate layer and  56GM/(W + WC(Ni)) composite layer. The base layer of 56GM steel is characterized by a multidirectional acicular structure, which corresponds to the ferrite-martensite state. In 56GM – 56GM/(W + WC(Ni)) intermediate layer the acicular structure becomes less pronounced. In 56GM/(W + WC(Ni)) composite layer an equiaxed grain structure is formed, with an average grain size of 8.59 μm, along the boundaries of which cracks are observed. WC particles are located mainly along the boundaries of small grains and in small quantities inside the grains themselves. It was found that 56GM/(W + WC(Ni)) composite is mainly composed of α-Fe (~80.6 vol. %), Ni (~6 vol. %), WC carbide phase (~10.3 vol. %) and γ-Fe (3 vol. %). The structure and properties of initial 56GM steel change both in the area of direct addition of alloying powder and in the underlying layers due to diffusion processes and infiltration of W + WC(Ni). Microhardness values increase from ~3.5 GPa to ~6.5 GPa with distance from the substrate to the composite layer. In uniaxial tensile tests, the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength values reached 1100 – 1200 MPa and 835 MPa in the intermediate layer, respectively.
Impact strength and fracture features of 12 % chromium ferritic-martensitic steel EP-823 in temperature range from –196 to 100 °С
Authors: Spiridonova K. V. , Litovchenko I. Yu. , Polekhina N. A. , Osipova V. V. , Akkuzin S. A. , Chernov V. M.
Published: January 2025

The authors investigated the patterns of fracture during impact bending tests and determined the values of impact strength and temperature of the ductile-brittle transition in temperature range from –196 to 100 °С of heat-resistant 12 % chromium ferritic-martensitic steel EP-823 in structural states after traditional heat (THT) and high-temperature thermomechanical (TMT) treatments. After THT, temperature of the ductile-brittle transition Tdbt is approximately –45 °С, after HTMT – approximately –40 °С. At these temperatures, the impact energy (KCV) after THT is approximately 36 J/cm2, after HTMT – 32 J/cm2. Fractographic studies conducted by scanning electron microscopy of the fracture features of impact steel samples after two treatments (THT and HTMT) in the low-temperature test area (at cryogenic temperatures) showed a predominantly brittle nature of fracture, while fracture occurs by the mechanism of a transcrystalline quasi-cleavage. In the temperature range of the ductile-brittle transition, a mixed nature of fracture is observed, which passes through the mechanism of a transcrystalline quasi-cleavage with elements of ductile dimple fracture. In the temperature range from 50 to 100 °С, the extremely ductile nature of the fracture was detected, realized by the transcrystalline dimple fracture mechanism. After HTMT, there is a slight decrease (relative to THT) in the steel impact strength in almost the entire temperature range under consideration and, accordingly, an increase in the temperature of its ductile-brittle transition. This is due to the tests’ geometry, in which the direction of impact occurs in the plane of the layered structure, and it facilitates the formation of delamination cracks.
Thermodynamic modeling of converter sludge sintering
Authors: Protopopov E. V. , Rybenko I. A. , Belenetskii E. A.
Published: January 2025

Currently, a promising area is the development of technologies for sintering or briquetting of converter sludge. Recycling of this sludge into production will allow solving a number of important tasks for modern metallurgy in the utilization of man-made waste, saving raw materials and reducing the cost of steel. The efficiency of utilizing useful components in the composition of briquettes is significantly higher than in any other state (in a fine or polydisperse fraction, in sorted form). In this paper, we consider the development and justification of an integrated approach to thermochemical sintering of converter sludge based on conditioning of iron-containing sludge by non-thermal adsorption dehydration and thermochemical sintering with simultaneous reduction of iron from oxides. Adsorption dehydration to a moisture content of 2 – 3 % is provided by a short-term contact of iron-containing slimes with a porous energy carrier, brown coal semi-coke, which is separated by pneumoseparation and sent for energy technological use, and the iron-containing product mixed with coals is subjected to thermo-oxidative coking. Coking is carried out in an annular furnace with a rotating hearth, where, when temperatures reach 1050 – 1100 °C, a large and durable lump material is formed with 55 – 60 % of the iron-containing product with almost complete reduction. Thermodynamic modeling of converter sludge sintering with coals was carried out. A tool for performing computational experiments using methods of thermodynamic modeling of the studied object was the Terra software package designed to calculate the thermodynamic properties and composition of the phases of equilibrium state of arbitrary systems with chemical and phase transformations. The results of thermodynamic modeling were fully confirmed by the experimental studies. The obtained material is an analog of ferrocox containing 35 – 39 % of iron and 45 – 49 % of carbon, while the zinc oxide content does not exceed 0.017 %.
Targeted nutritional strategies in postoperative care
Authors: Ham Hye Jin , Kim Jeongmin
Published: January 2025

Immunonutrition, which uses specific nutrients to modulate the immune response, has emerged as a vital adjunct to perioperative care. Surgery-induced stress triggers immune responses that can lead to complications, such as infections and delayed wound healing. Traditional nutritional support often overlooks the immunological needs of surgical patients. Immunonutrition addresses this oversight by providing key nutrients, such as arginine, omega-3 fatty acids, glutamine, nucleotides, and antioxidants (vitamins C and E) to enhance immune function and support tissue repair. This review examined the efficacy and safety of immunonutrition in surgical settings, guided by the recommendations of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition and the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Both organizations recommend immunonutrition for high-risk or malnourished patients undergoing major surgery and support its use in reducing complications and improving recovery. The key nutrients in immunonutrition aim to improve immune cell function, reduce inflammation, and enhance wound healing. Clinical studies and meta-analyses have demonstrated that immunonutrition lowers the infection rate, shortens the length of hospital stay, and accelerates recovery. Challenges hindering the clinical application of immunonutrition include cost, logistics, and a lack of standardized and personalized protocols. Future studies should focus on biomarker-driven approaches, pharmacogenomics, and innovative nutrient formulations. Addressing these issues will help to integrate immunonutrition into clinical practice, ultimately improving surgical outcomes and patient recovery.
ACCOUNTING FOR THE INFLUENCE OF DYNAMIC MAGNETIZATION DELAY OF ELECTRICAL STEEL IN ELECTRIC DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS
Authors:   Russian State University of Oil and Gas (National Research University) named after I.M. Gubkin, Portnyagin Nikolay N. , Golovin Maksim M. ,   Russian State University of Oil and Gas (National Research University) named after I.M. Gubkin
Published: January 2025

Relevance The dynamic delay in the automation circuits of an adjustable electric drive plays an essential role. However, in the models of the MATLAB package extension library, only the dynamic delay of the electric magnetization circuit of the magnetic circuit is taken into account. The processes of magnetization and remagnetization of the magnetic circuit medium lead to additional types of delay in the occurrence of an electromagnetic moment. Aim of research In the MATLAB package, it is proposed to implement the standard block of the Simulink library by sequentially switching on the control circuit of the armature of the DC motor of the delay unit with the rotor braked. Research methods The model of the DC motor current control circuit is considered, the interface of the automatic adjustment function of the proportional integral regulator is shown, and graphs of transients are shown. Results It is shown that when the formation of a magnetic field vector is delayed, the parameters of the proportional-integral regulator adjustment service change significantly, which are necessary to optimize the control process.
The molecular mechanisms of cuproptosis and its relevance to atherosclerosis
Authors: Wang Jiankang , Chen Zhian , Shang Hang , Guo Jiajuan
Published: January 2025

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with lipid deposition in the vascular intima. Copper is a vital trace element implicated in the onset and progression of AS. Excessive intracellular copper accumulation induces a unique form of cell death termed “cuproptosis.” The emergence of the concept of cuproptosis has highlighted the potential role of copper in AS. This review explores the regulatory mechanisms of copper metabolism and cuproptosis, summarizes recent findings on the link between copper excess and AS, and examines how cuproptosis may influence AS progression. The goal is to propose novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for AS through the lens of cuproptosis.
The Future of Structural Geology in the 21st Century – Moving from Mesoscale to Nanoscale Observations in Tectonically Deformed Rocks
Authors: Mamtani Manish A.
Published: January 2025

The importance of integrating field studies with various micro-and nano-scale structural geological investigations using petrographic microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) is highlighted in this paper. The author’s past studies dealing with SEM-EBSD and TEM investigations to decipher deformation mechanism of magnetite are taken as examples to support the robustness of investigating nanostructures in thin films excavated parallel to the kinematic reference frame. In addition, the author also shares a work flow involving collection of oriented field samples, followed by petrophysical investigations (e.g., porosity, permeability, P-wave velocity of oriented samples, etc.), 3D fabric analysis (e.g., AMS, X-ray micro-CT of oriented samples), 2D-microstructural analysis in oriented thin sections (petrography, SEM imaging including in-lens, EBSD, etc.) and finally nanostructural studies in oriented thin films using TEM (in that order). The importance of this integrated approach to evaluate structures at different scales and utilize the results for fundamental research as well as applications such as in the field of understanding fluid flow, mineralization, geothermal systems and radioactive waste management is discussed. Hence the paper provides an overview to the reader about some of the possibilities that exist today (21st century) in the field of structural geology.
Biomarker Evidence of Shifts in Organic Provenance and Depositional Environments of Eocene Carbonaceous Rocks from Petroliferous Barmer Basin, Western Rajasthan, India
Authors: Kar Nihar Ranjan , Mani Devleena , Seetha Bala Subrahanyam , Babu E.V.S.S.K. , Mukherjee Soumyajit , Dasgupta Swagato , Mudiam Mohana Krishna Reddy
Published: January 2025

The Barmer Basin of Rajasthan in western India is a proven sedimentary basin with significant oils and natural gas reserves. The basin also possesses lignites and interbedded shales, which are organically-rich and lie close to early mature thermal window. Previous studies have demonstrated that these carbonaceous rocks can be converted into into various hydrocarbon products. We characterise the sedimentary biomarkers and stable carbon isotopes from the Eocene carbonaceous rocks of the Giral lignite mine in the Barmer basin to understand their organic provenance and the depositional environments. Different biomarker ratios of alkanes, hopanes and steranes viz., CPI, OEP, Paq, TAR, TMD, Pr/Ph, LMWH/HMWH, Pr/n-C17, Ph/n-C18, Ts/Tm and C31 22S/ (22S+22R) along withn-alkane chromatogram, several bivariate plots, sterane ternary diagram and stable carbon isotope characterize the depositional environment and different types of organic matter (OM) inputs. The Giral lignites deposited in a terrestrial environment fluctuated from oxic to dysoxic with bimodal OM input. The shales were deposited in a marine or lacustrine environment with predominantly aquatic OM input, in contrast to lignites. Shaly lignites show an intermediate depositional environment between lignite and shales and pseudo-bimodal OM input. Sea-level fluctuations led to deposition of various lithotypes under changing depositional environments. Shales and shaly lignites, unlike lignites, exhibit better preservation conditions due to a predominantly anoxic sulphidic environment. The reduced carbon content of shales may be due to a quicker subsidence rate of the basin than peat formation during shale deposition.
Перспективы развития подходов к оценке социального самочувствия: результаты наукометрического анализа
Authors: Якубова Мария Юрьевна
Published: January 2025

Статья посвящена обзору перспектив развития подходов к оценке социального самочувствия на основе анализа данных. Рассмотрена методика исследования социального самочувствия. В работе был проведен наукометрический анализ публикаций по теме и выявлены основные показатели социального самочувствия, а также методы сбора и анализа данных. В результате была создана карта совпадений ключевых слов в публикациях о социальном самочувствии, а также произведена систематизация кластеров ключевых слов и показателей социального самочувствия. Анализ показал, что при исследовании социального самочувствия чаще всего изучаются вопросы ментального здоровья, старения, баланса между работой и личной жизнью, дохода, семьи и социальных отношений. На этапе сбора данных предпочтение отдается социальным сетям, открытым базам данных и онлайн-опросам ввиду получения большего количества данных.
Beyond Numeracy, a Data Literacy Topical Scoping Review (2011–2023)
Authors: Vermeire Lotte , Van den Broeck Wendy , Petersen Fazlyn , Van Audenhove Leo
Published: January 2025

As society increasingly recognises the value of data, proficiency in using and understanding data has become crucial. However, there is no universal consensus on the definition of data literacy. Therefore, this study provides the first extensive, mixed methods scoping review of the topical evolution of data literacy within social and educational sciences from 2011 to 2023. By identifying key themes and research trends, this review offers a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic nature of data literacy. Our sample consists of 210 English-language, peer-reviewed articles from Scopus and Web of Science. The findings reveal a field that is evolving alongside media and digital literacy discussions, with notable growth in publications, particularly in 2019, 2020, and 2023, thus highlighting data literacy’s recognition as a distinct paradigm. Data literacy is shifting beyond traditional frameworks, with increasing attention to issues of equity and accessibility—areas still underexplored in current literature. Notably, the research demonstrates a shift from simply developing individual data skills to fostering a socially aware form of data literacy that empowers citizens to critically engage with data and navigate a datafied society actively and responsibly. This review emphasises the need for a nuanced, context-specific approach to data literacy, much like digital literacy, as different demographics and contexts encounter varying needs and challenges. As a dynamic, ever-evolving concept, future research and programs must address these diverse levels of engagement and expertise, ensuring that data literacy is inclusive, adaptable, and supported by social structures.
EU ENERGY RISK MANAGEMENT СONCEPT IMPLEMENTATION AMONG MEMBER STATES: CASE STUDIES OF POLAND
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Andrushchenko S. V. , Buiak M. B. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: January 2025

This article explores the fulfilment of energy risk management concept among European Union (EU) member states, with a particular focus on Poland. It analyzes the strategies employed to mitigate risks to energy security, including diversification of sources, energy efficiency measures, and regional collaboration within the EU framework. The analysis highlights the challenges and opportunities that arise from applying risk-focused decision-making processes within the unique regulatory and geopolitical landscape of the EU. Through a comprehensive case study of Poland, the article demonstrates how these concepts have been translated into practical measures and the potential implications for other member states.
FRANCISCO FRANCO: AN EXPERIENCE IN VISUAL-ANALYTICAL PORTRAIT OF A DICTATOR (PART 2).
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Romanenko Yuriy
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the article is to construct a profile-typological characteristic of individual meso-identities of the Spanish dictator F. Franco, his individual bodily-morphological, psycho-behavioral, physiognomic, non-verbal-communicative, visual-symbolic features, as well as visual features of everyday life based on stories from everyday life.

Franco's character as a recursion of a set of his identities (primarily religious and professional - military) acted simultaneously as a reflection of the habitus of the military class of Spain and a determinant of the regime he built, which combined the features of Catholicism and clerical integral nationalism. The features of the dictator's behavior presented in the photographs and videos, as well as in the descriptions of various authors (Lewis, 2002; Payne, 2011; Preston, 1994), create the necessary empirical basis for a fragmentary diagnosis of his character as an obsessive-compulsive narcissistic psychopathy with a strongly expressed narcissistic deficiency and peripheral signs of an oral-schizoid constitution.

Such a multi-base character structure corresponded, on the one hand, to Franco's Jewish (Marrano) identities, and, on the other hand, to a set of Ibero-Mediterranean ethnocultural identities expressed in the anthropological and physiognomic features of the dictator's appearance and observed behavior in different periods of his life. Franco's strategy of life activity reflected the results of the completed ethnocultural assimilation of his ethnic identities by the national-territorial (civil-state) identities of Spain, which received a specific refraction in the choice of Falangist symbols. The unconscious motivational background of her choice was determined by both a number of generalized socio-cultural factors and the psychobiographical features of Franco, oriented toward the image of the Trastamara dynasty as a referential identity, including for the restoration of the monarchy in Spain. Franco the restorer himself perceived himself as a caudillo (leader) with monarchical powers obtained not in line with traditional monarchical legitimacy, but as a result of a new type of crusade (against the communists and liberals), which implied a counter-modernization understanding of the socio-historical mission of Spain in Europe.
Between Objective and Subjective Architectural Experiences: Conceptualizing Refractive Neuroarchitecture Phenomenology
Authors: Shin Yongjun
Published: January 2025

This analytical essay is aimed at developing a conceptual framework to assess how people experience the built environment both objectively and subjectively through a critical literature review of neuroarchitecture, architectural phenomenology, and neurophenomenology. Whereas both modes of human experience with the built environment are inseparable in real life, they have often been evaluated as seemingly antithetical and distinct approaches. Our experiences with the environment are mediated by our brains, for instance, our brain’s neurophysiological responses to colors, shapes, or heights. Such experiences are universal. Also, our experiences are constantly refracted by our unconscious subjective and intersubjective sense-making filters in the brain. Based on the critical literature review and synthesis, this study conceptualizes a refractive neuroarchitecture phenomenology, which is defined as a study of humans’ subjective and intersubjective architectural experiences through an epistemological and methodological convergence of the first- and second-person phenomenological and third-person neuroscientific methods. This conceptualization would provide intellectual significance as it attempts to integrate both objective and subjective epistemology and methodology into architectural research. For a practical implication, it is expected to demonstrate the importance of the phenomenological aspect of architectural efficacy and ways of applying neuroscientific research for place-making, including urban renewal and historic preservation.
International Perspectives on Evidence-based Collection Development in Libraries
Authors: Bhatt Jay J , Reed Caitlin , Moore Ashley , Hasan Nabi , Rampersad Seema
Published: January 2025

Perspectives on Collection Development: Drexel University Libraries:

The session plans to cover evidence-based collection development practices from four different international perspectives, including countries, regions, libraries and individual professional experiences. The speakers will be sharing exciting stories from their regions, experiences and perspectives. The session will cover, but not limited to: Background of the topic, What does collection development mean focusing on e-resources including e-books co-usage and other platforms, Various factors that need to be considered for collection development like the relevant topics, research strength, budgets, space availability (digital and physical), easy access, maximising returns from the budgets spent, and ensuring maximum usage by acquiring relevant collection. It will further cover Library professionals' need to take the utmost care in developing a balanced collection that enhances the quality of the library, Leganto: Course Reserves & Collection Development, E-resources models with particular reference to EBCD and CCD, Tools and methods for data collection in e-resources to help in collection development, How co-using e-books & journals is impacting research, Best Practices of collection development from Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Drexel University, USA and The British Library, UK.
Research Integrity, ChatGPT, and Scholarly Communication
Authors: Bhatt Jay J , da Silva Camilo Jeam Tiago
Published: January 2025

In recent years, the scientific community has witnessed several instances of retracted research papers due to the evidence found of scientific misconduct after those papers were published. This presentation will highlight the importance of academic and scientific integrity in the progress of global research. Whether you are writing a research paper or completing an assignment for your class, it is extremely important to provide proper credit to various sources of information (journal article, conference paper, presentation, book chapter, a web site, images, or any other types of resources) that were used in projects or assignments. Using various examples of breaches in academic misconduct, or retracted papers from published literature, violations in scientific integrity and academic misconduct are explained, and possible hindrances and obstacles to scientific progress are illustrated. Their consequences can be extremely damaging in career promotion and future research collaborations. With the advent of AI tools such as ChatGPT, it is even more important to scrutinize Research Integrity from the perspectives of scholarly communication and Responsible AI.
Despliegue de la infraestructura de carga de vehículos eléctricos en Paraguay
Authors: Colmán Tamatía , Acuña Fretes Jorge , Benites Ivo , Segovia Nishioka Esteban , Jiménez Gustavo , Jiménez Josemaria
Published: January 2025

Paraguay se encuentra en una posición privilegiada para promover la movilidad eléctrica al contar con una matriz de generación eléctrica basada en la hidroelectricidad y con potencial para crecer con energía renovables no convencionales. Actualmente, el sector transporte representa el 15% de las emisiones de GEI del país, y su electrificación permitiría mitigar los efectos del cambio climático. Además, la electrificación del transporte a través de la adopción de vehículos eléctricos también podría generar nuevos puestos de trabajo y reducir el impacto en la balanza comercial por importación de combustibles. El desarrollo de la movilidad eléctrica requiere de una visión estratégica que considere la expansión de la infraestructura de carga y ajustes regulatorios.

El Gobierno de Paraguay (GdP) ha dado los primeros pasos para promover el uso de los vehículos eléctricos (VE) a través de la aprobación de la Ley No. 6925 de 2022 sobre los Incentivos y promoción del transporte eléctrico y del Decreto No. 8840 de 2023 que aprueba la Estrategia Nacional de Movilidad Eléctrica (ENME) y crea el Consejo Estratégico de Movilidad Eléctrica (CEME); y la adopción del Plan Maestro de Movilidad Eléctrica para el Transporte Público y Logístico (PMME).

No obstante, el impulso a la movilidad eléctrica en Paraguay requiere del establecimiento de un marco normativo y regulatorio sólido. Este marco debe abordar temas como la coordinación interinstitucional, las normativas técnicas, los compromisos políticos y la implementación de incentivos adecuados. Además, se requiere regular específicamente la gestión de la demanda eléctrica asociada con la carga de vehículos eléctricos, lo que incluye la implementación de tarifas diferenciadas por hora y la asignación de responsabilidades sobre los costos de infraestructura necesarios.
En lo referente al desarrollo de la infraestructura de carga de vehículos eléctricos, Paraguay enfrenta diversos desafíos y oportunidades. Se destaca la diversidad y falta de uniformidad en los tipos de cargadores y estándares de conectores disponibles en el país para el servicio de recarga, así como la inconsistencia en la información proporcionada por las aplicaciones de localización de puntos de carga, que son desafíos importantes que deben abordarse a corto plazo. Sin embargo, al estar en las primeras etapas del desarrollo un rápido ajuste regulatorio puede favorecer la adopción de estándares nacionales y/o regionales.
Protective Effect of Flaxseed Oil on Diazinon-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats in Sub-Chronic Exposure
Authors: Ranjbar Akram , Mehri Fereshteh , Esfahani Maryam , Shiri Elham
Published: January 2025

Background: Diazinon (DZN), an organophosphate insecticide, exerts various adverse effects on human organs. In this study, we investigated the potential cardiotoxic effects of flaxseed oil (FS oil) on oxidative stress caused by DZN in the heart tissue of rats.
Methods: Thirty male rats were divided into five groups: a control group receiving normal saline, an FS oil group administered 200 mg/kg/d of FS oil, a DZN group treated with 70 mg/kg/d of DZN, and two co-treatment groups receiving DZN alongside FS oil at 100 and 200 mg/kg/d. We assessed oxidative stress biomarkers in heart tissue, including malondialdehyde, total oxidant status, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and total thiol content. Heart tissue morphology was analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin staining.
Results: DZN significantly increased the levels of malondialdehyde (12.04±1.16) and total oxidant status (0.43±0.01) and also decreased the content of catalase (23.09±1.99), superoxide dismutase (5.52±0.61), and total thiol content (6.31±0.77) in heart tissue. FS-oil + DZN decreased malondialdehyde (10.88±0.31) and total oxidant status (0.41±0.01) and also increased the content of catalase (29.34±1.77), superoxide dismutase (6.64±0.21), and total thiol content (8.20±0.15) in heart tissue. FS oil supplement consumption reversed oxidative stress status in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, FS oil ameliorated heart histopathological alterations induced by DZN.
Conclusion: Our findings confirmed that DZN induced heart toxicity and that FS oil had protective effects. Additionally, FS oil supplementation conferred protective effects on the heart against toxicity induced by DZN.
Transcatheter Fenestration Closure after Fontan Surgery
Authors: Mortezaeian Hojjat , Abbaszadeh Reza , Ghaemi Hamidreza , Jafari Farshad , Mirhaghjoo Zeinab Sadat
Published: January 2025

Background: Although several studies have examined patients who have undergone transcatheter fenestration closure, comprehensive evaluations of its long-term outcomes remain scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the clinical status of these patients after a long-term follow-up period.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study evaluated the records of all children with congenital heart diseases admitted for transcatheter fenestration closure at Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, a tertiary care hospital specializing in congenital heart diseases in Tehran, Iran. We included patients with a history of fenestration following Fontan surgery who required fenestration closure between January 2012 and August 2020. Cardiac function data, such as ejection fraction (EF), pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), and O2 saturation, were extracted from electronic medical records.
Results: We assessed 26 patients (11 female and 15 male) with a mean age of 13.88±3.73 years. Comparing EF before and after fenestration closure revealed a significant difference (P=0.011), with only 2 patients (7.7%) experiencing a slight reduction (5.0%) in EF. No significant difference was observed in PAP before and after closure (P=0.068), although most patients (n=16, 61.5%) had a postprocedural reduction. Our results demonstrated a significant difference before and after the procedure (P<0.001), with all patients exhibiting increased O2 saturation after closure.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated improvements in cardiovascular function and desirable organ function among patients. These findings suggest that transcatheter fenestration closure could serve as a beneficial complementary approach for patients with patent fenestration.
Efficacy of the Optimal Dosage of Lisinopril in Inhibiting Myofibroblast Differentiation for Attenuating Rheumatic Heart Disease Progression: An in Vitro Study
Authors: Lefi Achmad , Asmarani Denisa Nugrahita , Dharmadjati Budi Baktijasa , Suwanto Denny , Saputra Mahendra Eko , Pravitasari Vemaniarti Lian , Anandita Faizal Ablansah
Published: January 2025

Background: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is exacerbated by chronic inflammation that stimulates the release of proinflammatory cytokines, most notably transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), which promotes myofibroblast differentiation. This study aims to determine the optimal dosage of Lisinopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, for mitigating the fibrotic changes associated with RHD.
Methods: This in vitro, posttest-only control group study involved obtaining valvular interstitial cells from the heart valves of 25 male New Zealand rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Valvular interstitial cells were divided into 5 groups: a control group exposed to TGF-β1, and 4 experimental groups exposed to various Lisinopril doses (1 µM, 10 µM, and 100 µM) in addition to TGF-β1. The effect of Lisinopril on myofibroblast differentiation was assessed by measuring alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) expression through immunocytochemical methods. Statistical significance was determined using an independent T-test with a P value of less than 0.050.
Results: Independent T-tests conducted on 25 male Oryctolagus cuniculus demonstrated significantly lower αSMA expression in the groups treated with various Lisinopril doses (1 µM, 10 µM, and 100 µM) compared with the TGF-β1-induced control group (P<0.050). The most significant reduction in αSMA expression was observed in the group treated with the highest Lisinopril dose of 100 µM.
Conclusion: Lisinopril demonstrates a significant ability to inhibit TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast differentiation in rabbit valve interstitial cells, with the 100 µM dose proving most effective. These results suggest that Lisinopril may have the potential to curb RHD progression, warranting further investigations in vivo.
The Predictive Value of Heart Rate Variability for Long-Term Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and ICU Referrals
Authors: Mehrabanian Mohammad Javad , Firoozabadi Mehdi Dehghani , Nooralishahi Behrang , Zamani Afarin , Kachoueian Naser
Published: January 2025

Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) is known to play a significant role in predicting poor prognosis after acute myocardial infarction. Nonetheless, its potential for predicting long-term adverse outcomes following revascularization procedures remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate this relationship.
Methods: This prospective cohort study included 258 consecutive patients undergoing elective isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). All patients required ICU referral before hospital discharge. A 3-week cardiac rehabilitation program with 24-hour ECG Holter monitoring was planned for all patients. HRV was analyzed by computer and manually over-read. During a follow-up period ranging from 1 to 3 years, patients were contacted via phone to assess long-term outcomes, including death and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), such as myocardial infarction, reoperation, or brain stroke.
Results: Out of 258 patients (177 males and 81 females) with an average age of 58.80±9.60 years, 4.3% of patients died due to cardiovascular events, and 15.1% experienced long-term MACE. A comparison of HRV indicators between the non-surviving and surviving subgroups revealed significantly lower mean RR, mean standard deviation of normal-to-normal HRV interval (SDNN), and low and high-frequency values in the former group. However, when comparing HRV indicators between the subgroups with and without long-term MACE, no significant differences were observed. Cox proportional hazard analysis demonstrated that decreased HRV (SDNN) effectively predicted long-term mortality in patients who underwent CABG.
Conclusion: Lower postoperative HRV serves as a valuable predictor of long-term mortality after CABG in ICU patients, with reduced SDNN values particularly relevant for anticipating long-term adverse events.
Relationship between Color-Coded Anatomical M-Mode, Strain Imaging, and Tissue Doppler Imaging in Assessing Myocardial Asynchrony in Normal Subjects
Authors: Masoumi Mohammad Amin , Tokaldani Masoumeh Lotfi , Sarhangzadeh Saman , Siavosh Parto , Sadeghian Hakimeh
Published: January 2025

Background: This study aimed to compare the time-to-peak systolic contraction time (Tc) by color-coded anatomical M-mode (AMM), the time-to-peak systolic strain (Tst) by strain rate imaging (SRI), and the time-to-peak systolic velocity (Ts) by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) in the left (LV) and right (RV) ventricular segments of normal subjects. We also sought to determine the relationship between these methods for defining asynchrony indices in normal subjects.
Methods: Conventional echocardiography, color-coded AMM, SRI, and TDI were performed on 44 healthy adult volunteers (at the Tehran Heart Center and Shariati Hospital) to measure Tc, Tst, and Ts for 12 LV and 2 RV segments at mid and basal levels. Additionally, delays and standard deviations (SDs) were measured in all 12 LV segments.
Results: In the assessed segments, Tc by AMM and Tst by SRI were significantly greater than Ts by TDI (P<0.001). No significant differences were noted between Tc and Tst in 8 LV and 2 RV segments (P<0.05). For the septal basal segment, the respective values were Ts=170.43±36.76 ms, Tst=372.34±72.21 ms, and Tc=374.19±42.76 ms. A moderate correlation was observed between AMM and SRI in assessing asynchrony and SD for all LV segments, but no correlation existed between AMM and TDI.
Conclusion: Tc by AMM and Tst by SRI were significantly higher than Ts by TDI in the LV and RV segments. There was no correlation between AMM and TDI in defining asynchrony indices.
Evaluation of Ventricular Dyssynchrony Measured by Tissue Doppler Indices in Fetuses of Diabetic Mothers: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Moghadam Mojgan Kalai , Hemmatian Mohammad Nasir , Mirmohammadkhani Majid , Rahmanian Mojgan
Published: January 2025

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of overt maternal diabetes on fetal cardiac function.
Methods: In this case-control study, 26 pregnant women with overt diabetes (the case group) and 26 women with uncomplicated pregnancies (the control group) were examined using tissue Doppler echocardiography. Cardiac function was assessed twice in the fetal period (18–22 weeks and 28 weeks of gestation) and once in the neonatal period (1 week postnatal). Fetal cardiac function was assessed using early-diastolic maximum velocity index (Em), end-diastolic maximum velocity index (Am), Em/Am, left ventricular myocardial function index (LVMPI), and interventricular mechanical delay index (IVMDI).
Results: The case and control groups were not significantly different in maternal and gestational age in fetal Doppler evaluation. Em (P=0.007), Am (P<0.001), LVMPI (P=0.003), and IVMDI (P=0.026) were significantly higher in the case group than in the control group, while there was no significant difference in Em/Am (P=0.264). Eight fetuses (30.8%) of diabetic mothers had dyssynchrony, while no cases of dyssynchrony were seen in fetuses of non-diabetic mothers (P=0.004). Infants of diabetic mothers were 8.8 times more likely to develop adverse neonatal outcomes than infants of healthy mothers (RR: 8.8, 95% CI: 1.71 to 45.31, P=0.009).
Conclusion: The findings of the current study revealed significant cardiac dysfunction and dyssynchrony in fetuses of diabetic pregnant women. Additionally, IVMDI and LVMPI can be used to predict adverse neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated with overt diabetes.
Unexplained Multi-Site Thrombosis: A Step-by-Step Strategy for Factor V Leiden Detection in a Hypercoagulable Patient
Authors: Raberi Venus Shahabi , Kahourian Ozra , Faramarzzadeh Reza , Parizad Razieh , McConnell Oliver , Rostamzadeh Alireza
Published: January 2025

Thrombotic manifestations involve the development of blood clots within blood vessels. These conditions can occur unexpectedly in different areas and are often linked to life-threatening situations, presenting challenges for both diagnosis and treatment.
We present a case of multi-site thrombosis in a patient with a confirmed hypercoagulable state, resulting from a positive factor V Leiden mutation. The patient’s medical history included hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, previous thrombotic events, and changes in anticoagulant therapy.
 This case highlights the challenges associated with multisystem thrombosis and underscores the necessity of employing various diagnostic techniques, such as echocardiography, computed coronary angiography, and Doppler ultrasonography. In this instance, the patient presented with a history of unprovoked lower limb deep vein thrombosis and multiple arterial thromboses.
The patient’s treatment regimen comprised anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs, and vasodilators. While a reduction in thrombus size was noted, complete revascularization could not be attained.
Effective diagnosis and treatment of venous and arterial thrombosis often require multimodal imaging. Selective blood test screening can be beneficial in diagnosing or detecting inherited or acquired abnormalities linked to thrombosis development.
Pay Heed and Proceed: Acute Ascending Aortic Dissection Presenting as Acute Left Main Coronary Artery Occlusion
Authors: Veeraraghavan Sriram , Kidambi Bharath Raj , Ponnaganti Vasundhara
Published: January 2025

The Article Abstract is not available.
Persistent Pacemaker Dependence after Takotsubo Recovery Suggests that Complete Heart Block is the Trigger of Takotsubo
Authors: E. Madias John
Published: January 2025

The Article Abstract is not available.
The Impact of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Training on Police Officer Confidence in Use of Force Performance: Perceptions from Officers who Train
Authors: Butler Jeremy Maurice , Wang Solomon
Published: January 2025

Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) is a grappling-based martial art that has recently gained traction in the law enforcement community. However, there is limited research on the perceived impact of BJJ training from the perspective of officers who study the art. The purpose of this study was to examine how BJJ training experience impacts officer confidence and gain insight on officer views on the best training methods and techniques for subject control. Results from an online survey of over 300 officers revealed that there were positive correlations between BJJ experience, use of force experience, and perceptions of officer confidence in their defensive tactics. Officers also reported improved stress levels, use of force performance, and fitness levels since they began training. The results also highlight that officers have experienced the benefits of BJJ training, along with other martial arts, in meeting their occupational demands, and value its impact on their work performance.
Metoda w antropologii. Uwagi na marginesie „Refleksji na temat badań terenowych w Maroku” Paula Rabinowa
Authors: Kaniowska Katarzyna
Published: January 2025

Field research is a special kind of cognitive procedure. Paul Rabinow, like no other in the history of anthropology, had revealed the „anatomy“ of this procedure characterizing cognitive activities involved in this kind of research. "Reflections on Fieldwork in Morocco" tell us about the identity of anthropology more than some of the discussions which took up on this subject. Rabinow delivers a critical evaluation of the modernist model of anthropology by disclosing discrepancies between assumptions and methods and actual conditions of acquiring knowledge about investigated reality. But what is even more important: he demythicizes anthropology by demonstrating that what is rendered by anthropology is not the reality itself but its presentation. Rabinow gives thereby a new identity to anthropology. The anthropology is still defined by the method of ethnographic fieldwork but this method is conceived as a reconstruction of a process of interpersonal interaction.
Z historii Święta Palanta w Grabowie
Authors: Chlebowska Barbara
Published: January 2025

The present article is a case study of the Palant Day, organized on Grabów – a small village, with less than 100 inhabitants, situated in the north-western part of the Łódzkie voivodeship. The history of Grabów dates back to the Middle Ages. Until World War II, the settlement was a centre of crafts. It can be assumed that the tradition of palant [a Polish game similar to baseball] was initiated in this place in the early 19th century by the village owner, Feliks Kretkowski. Every year, on the first Tuesday after Easter, a one-of-a-kind Palant Day is organised on Grabów. Local inhabitants sometimes call it “the third day of Easter”. Unfortunately, it is impossible to determine when the habit of playing games on this particular day started. Originally, the Palant Day was a festival of artisans, now it is a celebration organised by the Commune Culture Centre and the Commune Office in Grabów. Today, each resident of the village can be a member of the informal Palant Club and take part in games. The Palant Day is accompanied by artistic performances, e.g. concerts of a wind band and a show of majorettes. It has become an important event for presentation of local amateur artists, and therefore it is an impulse for development of this kind of activity. Due to its exceptional character, the festival attracts the local and national media, so it is an important tool for promotion of the commune. The residents of Grabów have various attitudes to the Palant Day, ranging from pride of the local tradition to indifference which is usually related to the inability to participate in it. The popularity of palant in Grabów is not going to decrease, as the commune has a local school league of palant, and recently a youth palant team has been established.
Przemysł ziemiański guberni siedleckiej w latach 1879–1913
Authors: Puś Wiesław
Published: January 2025

Based on the statistics from censuses of industrial plants for the years 1879, 1900, 1904, 1913, author presented the development of the industry in the province of Siedlce estates of the landed gentry. Agricultural quality of the province determined the industry’s branch structure. The plants functioning in the manorial estates were mainly those involved in the manufacturing of agricultural crops. In the years 1879–1913 food-processing plants produced 61–77 % of the production scale of Siedlce province, and the production of alcohol in the province accounted for 20,2–25,7 % across the Polish Kingdom.
Hrabal i inni
Authors: Ciszewska Ewa , Nurczyńska-Fidelska Ewelina , Guzek Mariusz , Kamińska Magdalena , Tabaczyński Michał , Koschany Rafał , Wojnicka Joanna , Robert Maciej , Marlicka-Robert Monika , Zamojska Eva , Zamojski Jan , Stachówna Grażyna , Aleksandrowicz Joanna , Wolak Urszula , Gołębiak Dobromiła
Published: January 2025

Z przyjemnością wracasz do książek Bohumila Hrabala? Poruszają cię powieści Milana Kundery? Lubisz się pośmiać przy opowiadaniach Petra Šabacha? Sprawdź, jak twórczość twoich ulubionych pisarzy prezentuje się na dużym ekranie.
W książce zostały zamieszczone analizy filmowych adaptacji najsłynniejszych czeskich utworów literackich. Wśród reżyserów znajdziemy takie nazwiska, jak Jiří Menzel, Jan Hřebejk czy Jan Švankmajer. Autorzy poszczególnych tekstów odkrywają, w jaki sposób książki zostają „przepisane” na język filmu oraz oceniają trafność zastosowanych zabiegów.
Książka objęta patronatem:Festiwalu Kino na granicyCzeskiego Centrum w PolscePortalu novinka.plMuzeum Kinematografii w Łodzi
A Study on the Standardization of Smart Farm Communication
Authors: Chun Chang-Jung , Kim Ki-Tae
Published: January 2025

Background: Smart farming uses information and communication technology (ICT) to optimize crop and livestock environments. It is applied in greenhouses, vinyl houses, and livestock barns. By collecting data on crop growth and environmental conditions, smart farms create optimal growth environments. This leads to higher productivity and better quality with less labor, energy, and nutrient input than traditional farming methods. In Korea, crop production has declined due to fewer farmers, and over 80% of agricultural products are imported. The low birth rate and aging population are worsening the shortage of agricultural workers. It is predicted that Korea could face a food shortage in three years due to low self-sufficiency. Smart farms are seen as a solution. They can be implemented in urban areas and are considered a profitable model due to their high production potential. Methods: Nutrient machines are a vital part of smart farming. They dilute and supply essential nutrients for crop growth. However, different machines require varying nutrient ratios, which complicates crop management. To address this, a recipe program has been developed. It automatically adjusts nutrient ratios according to the user’s standard settings. This ensures uniform nutrient delivery, regardless of the type of machine used. Result: The recipe program is expected to improve crop production. It ensures consistent nutrient supply, optimizing growth conditions. It also enhances user convenience by standardizing nutrient management across different machines, reducing complexity in crop cultivation.