bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bilateral Asynchronous Adrenal Infarction in JAK2-Positive Essential Thrombocythemia
Authors: Mutchmore Alexandre , Toupin Dominique , Le Templier Geneviève , Gouin Bobby
Published: June 2023

BCR-ABL negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are associated with an increased venous and arterial thrombosis risk at typical and atypical sites. We report the case of an older adult with a recent history of pulmonary embolism and transient thrombocytosis, presenting with bilateral asynchronous adrenalitis in whom a diagnosis of bilateral adrenal infarction despite ongoing anticoagulation was posed. After a thorough evaluation of possible thromboembolic mechanisms, a diagnosis of JAK2-positive essential thrombocythemia was confirmed. This case highlights a rare thrombotic complication of MPN and the importance of diagnosing thrombocytosis, albeit mild, in the context of thromboembolic disease, especially in atypical sites.
RésuméLes néoplasmes myéloprolifératifs (NMP) négatifs pour BCR-ABL sont associés à un risque accru de thromboses veineuses et artérielles à des sièges typiques et atypiques. Nous rapportons le cas d’un homme âgé, ayant des antécédents récents d’embolie pulmonaire et de thrombocytose transitoire, qui présente une surrénalite asynchrone bilatérale chez qui un diagnostic d’infarctus surrénalien bilatéral a été posé malgré une anticoagulothérapie continue. Après une évaluation approfondie des mécanismes thromboemboliques possibles, un diagnostic de thrombocytémie essentielle avec mutation du gène JAK2 a été confirmé. Ce cas met en lumière une complication thrombotique rare du NMP et l’importance de l’évaluation diagnostique de la thrombocytose, même légère, dans le contexte d’une maladie thromboembolique, particulièrement aux sièges atypiques.
Rural versus Urban General Internal Medicine – What Factors are Influencing Resident’s Choice of Practice?
Authors: Davies Laurence , Pace Romina
Published: June 2023

Objective: To understand the factors influencing General Internal Medicine (GIM) fellows to choose a rural versus urban clinical practice.
Methods: A descriptive study employing individual interviews of GIM fellows was conducted. Questions probed fellows’ choice of practice, perceived characteristics of practice location, definition of rural medicine, awareness of incentives for rural practice, and suggestions on attracting GIM specialists to rural areas.
Results: 12 GIM fellows were interviewed. Regarding the choice of practice location, nearly all participants mentioned that their decision was influenced by where they were raised or where their family was currently located. The diversity of rural practice was described as an attracting feature. Lifestyle factors were also important in their choice of practice.
Conclusion: Factors associated with rural practice amongst GIM fellows include (1) relationship to region, (2) characteristics of practice, and (3) lifestyle preferences. Recruitment strategies leveraging these factors would assist in drawing physicians to rural areas.
RésuméObjectif: Comprendre les facteurs qui incitent les boursiers en médecine interne générale (MIG) à choisir une pratique clinique en milieu rural ou urbain.
Méthodologie: Une étude descriptive a été réalisée à l’aide d’entrevues individuelles menées auprès de boursiers en MIG. Les questions ont porté sur le choix de pratique, les caractéristiques perçues du lieu de pratique, la définition de la médecine rurale, la connaissance des mesures incitatives à la pratique en milieu rural et les suggestions pour attirer les spécialistes en MIG dans les régions rurales.
Résultats: Douze boursiers en MIG ont été interrogés. En ce qui concerne le choix du lieu de pratique, presque tous les participants ont mentionné que leur décision a été influencée par l’endroit où ils ont grandi, ou par celui où se trouve actuellement leur famille. La diversité de la pratique en milieu rural a été décrite comme étant un facteur d’attraction. Les facteurs liés au mode de vie sont également importants dans le choix de leur pratique.
Conclusion: Les facteurs associés à la pratique en milieu rural parmi les boursiers en MIG sont : 1) les liens avec la région; 2) les caractéristiques de la pratique; 3) les préférences en matière de mode de vie. Des straté-gies de recrutement qui tirent parti de ces facteurs contribueraient à attirer les médecins dans les régions rurales.
Investigating the success factors of small and medium-sized enterprises in sustaining business operations during COVID-19
Authors: Noor Azmi Nik Puteri Nur Anis , Hamid Nadiah Abd , Rasit Zarinah Abdul , Norizan Saifulrizan , Shafai Nor Atikah
Published: June 2023

The upheaval caused by the spread of COVID-19 made a devastating effect on businesses, especially small businesses. A huge number of small businesses cannot survive within 3 months of an economic shutdown (Ligouri & Pittz, 2020); however, some survive and maintain their business operation. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the success factors in sustaining the business operation. Specifically, the intention is to investigate what are the important factors leading small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia to be able to survive and drive their business operation during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative approach was employed, data was collected through interviews, and seven business owners were identified through the purposive sampling method (Tongco, 2007). The findings revealed that most SMEs are disrupted by the pandemic and struggling for funding to survive in the business. In addition, entrepreneurs adapted to the new business model and utilized the digital platform manage to survive. Moreover, continuous financial support from the government, although meant for the short term is beneficial. The findings are vital as they can be used in assisting the government to create more effective and relevant programs to assist homegrown SMEs.
Comparison of the Different Medications for COVID-19 in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Fu Yingxin , Pan Jianyong , Chen Weijun , Zheng Yitao , Wu Zixuan , Liu Yongdong , Peng Yuanzheng , Lu Hongzhou
Published: June 2023

Background We analyzed the effects of small-molecule antiviral treatment
for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) Omicron strain in kidney
transplant recipients. Methods We enrolled 140 kidney transplant
patients admitted for COVID-19-related pneumonia were treated using
small-molecule antivirals. Patients were divided into three groups:
azvudine (n=62), paxlovid (n=49), and a combination of azvudine+paxlovid
(A+P, n=29). Differences in clinical outcomes owing to COVID-19
infections were compared among three groups. Results Paxlovid group had
a higher proportion of comorbid diabetes than the other two groups
(P=0.032). There were differences in the clinical typing of the
coronavirus , with the highest proportion of heavy and critical cases in
the A+P group (35.5%). The immunosuppression prior to infection did not
differ among the groups; however, after adjusting for immunosuppression
during antiviral treatment, differences were observed. Of the 140
patients, 125 (89.29%) had fever, 114 (81.43%) had cough, and 66
(47.1%) had malaise. Combination of two or more symptoms were found in
90% patients. Mean length of hospitalization was slightly longer in the
combination group than in the azvudine and paxlovid groups. Four deaths,
all in the A+P group; five cases of loss of function, two in the
paxlovid group and three in the A+P group; and acute kidney injury
occurred in 30 patients with 7 in the azvudine, 17 in paxlovid, and 6 in
A+P groups. Conclusion The use of small-molecule medications may be the
optimal treatment approach; however, they should be modified based on
the patients’ conditions, such as clinical symptoms, laboratory results,
paraclinicals, and examinations.
Effect of HVO CNG dual-fuel operation mode on emissions and performance of CI engine
Authors: Dittrich Ales , Prochazka Radek , Popelka Josef , Phu Dong Nguyen
Published: June 2023

The presented paper aimed to investigate the base effect of the application of HVO (hydrotreated vegetable oil) and CNG (compressed natural gas) and their mixtures as a fuel in the CI (compression ignition) engine. Both fuels were then used in the dual-fuel operating mode (HVO-CNG). Dual-fuel applications are usually made with a liquid fuel (diesel) pilot dose and gaseous fuel (LPG, CNG etc.) main dose. In times of reducing greenhouse emission gases and reducing the dependency on Russian gas and oil, it should be possible and technically possible to reduce both of them in several engine machine applications. As an ecological substitute for diesel oil hydrotreated vegetable oil is used and as an ecological substitute for compressed natural gas biomethane should be used. All experiments were done on a four-stroke direct injection turbocharged CI engine with an installed AC STAG electronic control unit and system for the dual-fuel operating mode. The whole setup was installed on a test bed equipped with ac dyno (which also allows running transient tests) and with other external measurement devices. For the high-pressure indicating parameters, AVL X-ion was used (with an Indicom SW). Horiba mexa-one device was used for gaseous emission measurement. For particulate matter measuring, Horiba SPCS counter was used and Horiba MDLT-One dilution tunnel and TSI EEPS as the particle sizer. As a base level, parameters were set and used for performance and other parameters (emissions, burning, knocking etc.) from the diesel operating mode. All other operating modes were then compared to the base level.
Improvement of labour protection specialists competence assessment of cognitive ergonomic aspects in JSC Latvian state forests (LVM) nurseries
Authors: Brizga Dace , Miezite Olga , Ozolina Vija , Sisenis Linards
Published: June 2023

Influenced by the current covid-19 situation in Latvia and in the world, work environment is associated with psychological load - the psycho-emotional risk factor as an aspect of cognitive ergonomics, which can affect employees’ health, productivity and quality. Forest nursery work is usually solitary, and it is conducted out-of-doors. In Latvia the agricultural industry employs about 50 thousand workers in various trades performing diverse tasks, for example, working at forestry tasks with tractor equipment and in outdoor conditions with hand-held power tools, as well as office work and working with timber transport. The aim of the study is to improve the competence of labour protection specialists in the context of cognitive ergonomics risk assessment in order to reduce the impact of psycho-emotional risks on the health of forest management workers. The following methods were use in the research: work environment risk assessment, burnout syndrome test, and the method for determining the working capacity index, Charles D. Spielberger’s survey, and a well-being survey. The highest risk factors for forestry workers in their daily employment are working in a forced position and in different weather conditions, which can affect employees psychologically. The largest number of employees with signs of fatigue is found in the age groups of 40-49 and 50-59 years. The study identified the need to increase the competence of labour protection specialists by improving the master program to ensure the necessary raising of awareness in the context of cognitive ergonomics.
Impact of digitalisation and R&D on the economies of EU member states
Authors: Zeverte-Rivza Sandija , Rivza Peteris , Gudele Ina
Published: June 2023

Digitalisation is becoming increasingly important in today’s world, as digital technologies are rapidly changing the way we live and work. The COVID-19 outbreak has heavily influenced the way many businesses operate across all sectors linked to both changes in consumer behaviour, social-distancing restrictions and also the availability of resources and services (inc. public services). In many cases the processes digitalised during the pandemic are retained in a digital form also in the post-pandemic recovery thus increasing the overall level of digitalisation and contributing to the transition to Industry 4.0. That refers to additive manufacturing, artificial intelligence, big data and analytics, blockchain, cloud computing, industrial internet of things, and simulation to achieve increased efficiency, improved accuracy, reduced costs, enhanced communication and collaboration, and greater access to information and resources. These have become priorities for enhancing Europe’s long-term competitiveness and will most probably be intensified in the coming years. Meanwhile, it is necessary to take into account the disparities across European Union (EU) member states in the current level of digitalisation and in the prospects of their development. This study aims to assess the digitalisation process of EU member states, its link with the research and development and innovation via factor analysis and regression. The results of the factor analysis determined the component factors and their relations; and the obtained regression model revealed the digitalization factors that can affect economic growth and contribute to GDP per capita thus being the determinants of economic growth in EU member states.
Integrating intercultural dimension in esp course for undergraduate IT students
Authors: Sinkus Tatjana , Ozola Inese
Published: June 2023

Increased interdependent relationship between nations in the modern world requires professionals to be able to communicate effectively with people of diverse cultures. It is generally acknowledged that English is the most important language of the Information and Communication Technology sphere and most IT students will need to use English at work. However, nowadays, an impressive command of the English language is incomplete in the professional IT context, developing intercultural competence is becoming a progressively vital trend. The Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies is no exception to this tendency, in order to enhance employability and competitiveness, ESP courses comprising an intercultural dimension are designed for undergraduate IT students. The aim of the present research is to explore ways how promoting intercultural competence can be integrated within an ESP syllabus and to examine students’ opinions about participating in the course. Two groups of undergraduate IT students were involved in the experiment. The results of questionnaires and semi-structured interviews indicate that intercultural dimension is viewed by the students as a meaningful integral part of the ESP course and the communicative activities they participated in can develop knowledge, skills and attitudes and in this way promote intercultural competence. The students admitted that the culture-based activities developed problem-solving skills, motivated to take part in discussions and boosted their confidence to communicate in English, and they were useful for the future job as they help avoid intercultural misunderstandings.
Efficient energy recovery from textile waste and biomass mixture
Authors: Kramens Janis , Vigants Edgars , Kanukuntla Sai-Pavan , Goljandin Dmitri
Published: June 2023

Efficient energy recovery from the fuel pellets consisting of waste textile materials and biomass depends on many factors. One of the main tasks is to create a competitive form for the newly offered fuel (pellets from a mixture of biomass and textile), as well using a new generation of small-scale energy production facilities. Roughly estimated the quantities of textiles separately collected will increase from 65 000 to 90 000 tons per year across the EU-27 from 2025. Reuse and recycling outlets will need to be created, as the current sorting and recycling capacities are not sufficient to process the anticipated volumes. However, it is also expected that at least half of these additional volumes will comprise non-reusable textile waste with specific flame retardant (FR) treatment. It is known that flame retardant is hazard by its adverse environmental impacts of FRs in their production and disposal phases. The objective of the paper is to review opportunities of elaboration a new type of fuel pellets and using them in small-scale pellet boilers, and combined heat and power CHP. The new pellets from biomass (prepared by plasticization method) and chopped textile waste sized up to 2-3 mm (by method of separative milling) were elaborated and tested in controlled combustion processes. Experiments were carried out by adding different proportions of textile waste to biomass pellets and the results obtained are summarized in the article.
Analysis of instantaneous frequency for structure condition tracking using time-frequency representation: comparative study
Authors: Zhang Chuanyue , Xu Yanliang , Silik Ahmed , Li Hanxi , Noori Mohammad , Altabey Wael A.
Published: June 2023

Damage causes the dynamic structural responses of civil engineering structures to change from linear to nonlinear. It can be challenging to break down signals and identify features, mainly when the data is generated by a nonlinear system and is nonstationary. Under heavy loads and during routine operations, civil structures have been seen to exhibit nonlinear dynamic characteristics. To assess progressive damage, it is necessary to characterize the time-varying attribute of the structure’s nonlinearity and consider how the frequency and amplitude contents of nonstationary vibration responses change over time. The properties of a nonstationary signal cannot be properly described by either time analysis or frequency analysis alone. When measured data include structural damage occurrences, it is critical to extract as much information about the damage as possible from the data. To create a reliable damage detection method that captures damage progression using vibration data gathered by sensors, this work examines the instantaneous frequency (IF) representation utilizing time-frequency distributions of the energy density domain based on short-time Fourier transform, wavelet transform, Hilbert-Huang transform, Wigner-Ville distribution, and synchrosqueezed transform. Each technique capability is validated using various experimental data. It is found that both the synchrosqueezed transform and Wigner distribution proved to be the best performance in terms of IF tracking and showed particular promise due to their spectral energy concentration with the synchrosqueezing transform outdoing other techniques in terms of computation precision.
Model for Long-Term Unemployed Social Benefits Recipients Career Management Improvement
Authors:   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Bickovska Anna
Published: June 2023

the topicality of the research is that in Latvia in the beginning of 2023 labour market offers variety of job possibilities for people of different education and level of experience, but there is still a significant amount of long-term unemployed people who tend to use social benefits system but not trying to start an independent life. This group of society is not motivated to change their life, they are misusing public services and need help. Main changes that might be achieved are changes in consciousness. The aim of the study was to develop, characterize and justify model for long-term unemployed social benefits recipients career management improvement. Monographic method has been used for this study in the theoretical research section. The author created a model for long-term unemployed social benefits recipients career management improvement as a part of her PHD research. In the article theoretical basis of this model and how it can be used and what kind of changes are possible to achieve while using model is shown. During the empirical research, an expert survey was conducted on the suitability of the model developed by the author and the program based on it; the Friedman test was used in the statistical processing of the data. Results of the study confirm the assumption that the implementation of the model and program developed by the author in career support can improve the career management of long-term unemployed social benefit recipients; differences between experts' assessments are not statistically significant (p>0.05).
Peculiarities of Pupils’ Learning to Learn: Insights of Music Teachers
Authors:   Vilnius Magnus University, Lithuania, Rauduvaite Asta , Sarkovaite Greta ,   Vilnius Magnus University, Lithuania
Published: June 2023

The mission of schools today is not only to develop experts in various professions, but also to cultivate autonomous lifelong learners. Learning to learn is recognised as an essential prerequisite for continuous learning to educate and develop individuals, who are motivated, self-confident and able to evaluate own capacity, to critically reflect, to make decisions and self-assess. The advantage of a music lesson is its attractiveness and complexity, so purposefully strategized musical activities influence the development of learning abilities. The aim of the study is to reveal the peculiarities of the context of learning to learn during music lessons of fifth and sixth formers in basic education from the teachers' point of view. During the semi-structured interview, attention was paid to the insights of music teachers (sixteen teachers) while reflecting on the peculiarities of pupils’ learning to learn during music lessons. The research results disclosed that teachers see learning to learn as the basis for pupils' successful learning and seek to find appropriate ways of fostering the development of this competence in musical activities they organise. Educational activities that are planned and organised in a targeted way, involving the learner's experience, based on appropriate learning strategies, positive emotions and cooperation, comprise a significant factor in changing the situation of pupils' learning to learn music, and an important opportunity for improving their ability to learn.
The importance of previous education for foreign students entering studies in the western higher education system
Authors:   University of Latvia, Latvia, Svetina Karina
Published: June 2023

The aim of the research is to find out the significance of foreign students' previous general education experience when beginning their studies in the 1st academic year of higher education abroad according to the Western education philosophy. The research question envisages finding out what academic difficulties foreign students face when starting their studies abroad in the 1st academic year and how to provide support in the academic study process. The research is based on the exploration of the reasons behind academic failures, and on ways how to improve academic performance. The research sample involves South Asian and Central Asian 1st academic year students studying in Latvia for bachelor degree (the European Qualifications Framework (level=6)). The study was conducted in 4 phases in the period from 2019 to 2022: 1) a survey of foreign students (n=89) was conducted in order to find out the self-assessment about the teaching and learning methods practised in previous education; 2) an observation method of foreign students (n=89) was conducted during classes with the aim to analyse with which academic methods the students performed better and which they performed worse during the 1st academic year; 3) interviews were conducted with nationals of India, Sri Lanka and Uzbekistan (n=3) to learn about the teaching and learning methods in general education in particular countries; 4) interviews were conducted with representatives of Latvian higher education institutions (n=8), in order to find out whether previous educational experience causes difficulties for students and whether it affects the learning outcomes. The results of the research indicate that previous education: lack of diversity of methods, proportion of large classes, teacher-centred lessons, has a negative impact on learning outcomes.
Intended and Unintended Consequences of ERP System Implementation
Authors: Walton Stephanie , Wheeler Patrick , Zhang Yiyang
Published: June 2023

SYNOPSIS

We provide evidence that enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are potentially beneficial to firm decision-making but can also have unintended effects. The tax function is one of the largest consumers of data within a firm, with over 50 percent of time spent gathering tax data and less than 30 percent of time spent on strategic data analysis (PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) 2015). Difficulties in getting high-quality, timely tax information could negatively impact a firm’s tax compliance activities and leave few resources for tax planning. Following the absorptive capacity theory, we predict and find that ERP systems are associated with a greater degree of tax planning post-adoption, resulting in lower tax burdens. However, we also note increased firm discretion in tax planning, resulting in a larger amount of aggressive tax positions. Practically, our findings have important implications for the use of ERP systems both within the tax function and across other decision-making areas.

JEL Classifications: O33; H26; D83.
CEO Network Connections and the Timeliness of Financial Reporting
Authors: Islam Md Shariful , McCumber William , Farah Nusrat , Qiu Huan
Published: June 2023

SYNOPSIS

We investigate the effects of CEO networks on the timeliness of financial reporting. Using a sample of over 2,000 firms for the period 2004–2017, we find that firms led by well-connected CEOs have lower earnings announcement lag, audit lag, and filing (10-K) lag. This timeliness is not at the expense of financial reporting quality and accuracy. These effects are stronger when firms have strong corporate governance and no material internal control weaknesses. Interestingly, the effect of CEO connectedness on timeliness is significant regardless of the intensity of demand for information from institutional investors and analysts but is stronger when information demand is lower. Overall, these findings suggest that improved information environment around well-connected CEOs leads to timely dissemination of high-quality information to the market.

JEL Classifications: D85; M42.
Deletion of Carboxypeptidase E in β-Cells Disrupts Proinsulin Processing but Does Not Lead to Spontaneous Development of Diabetes in Mice
Authors: Chen Yi-Chun , Taylor Austin J. , Fulcher James M. , Swensen Adam C. , Dai Xiao-Qing , Komba Mitsuhiro , Wrightson Kenzie L.C. , Fok Kenny , Patterson Annette E. , Klein Geltink Ramon I. , MacDonald Patrick E. , Qian Wei-Jun , Verchere C. Bruce
Published: June 2023

Carboxypeptidase E (CPE) facilitates the conversion of prohormones into mature hormones and is highly expressed in multiple neuroendocrine tissues. Carriers of CPE mutations have elevated plasma proinsulin and develop severe obesity and hyperglycemia. We aimed to determine whether loss of Cpe in pancreatic β-cells disrupts proinsulin processing and accelerates development of diabetes and obesity in mice. Pancreatic β-cell–specific Cpe knockout mice (βCpeKO; Cpefl/fl x Ins1Cre/+) lack mature insulin granules and have elevated proinsulin in plasma; however, glucose-and KCl-stimulated insulin secretion in βCpeKO islets remained intact. High-fat diet–fed βCpeKO mice showed weight gain and glucose tolerance comparable with those of Wt littermates. Notably, β-cell area was increased in chow-fed βCpeKO mice and β-cell replication was elevated in βCpeKO islets. Transcriptomic analysis of βCpeKO β-cells revealed elevated glycolysis and Hif1α-target gene expression. On high glucose challenge, β-cells from βCpeKO mice showed reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, increased reactive oxygen species, reduced MafA, and elevated Aldh1a3 transcript levels. Following multiple low-dose streptozotocin injections, βCpeKO mice had accelerated development of hyperglycemia with reduced β-cell insulin and Glut2 expression. These findings suggest that Cpe and proper proinsulin processing are critical in maintaining β-cell function during the development of hyperglycemia.

Article Highlights

Carboxypeptidase E (Cpe) is an enzyme that removes the carboxy-terminal arginine and lysine residues from peptide precursors. Mutations in CPE lead to obesity and type 2 diabetes in humans, and whole-body Cpe knockout or mutant mice are obese and hyperglycemic and fail to convert proinsulin to insulin. We show that β-cell–specific Cpe deletion in mice (βCpeKO) does not lead to the development of obesity or hyperglycemia, even after prolonged high-fat diet treatment. However, β-cell proliferation rate and β-cell area are increased, and the development of hyperglycemia induced by multiple low-dose streptozotocin injections is accelerated in βCpeKO mice.
Optimization of a Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Antagonist Antibody for Treatment of Hyperinsulinism
Authors: Peterson Sean M. , Juliana Christine A. , Hu Cameron F. , Chai Jinghua , Holliday Carson , Chan Kara Y. , Lujan Hernandez Ana G. , Challocombe Zoe , Wang Linya , Han Zhen , Haas Nikhil , Stafford Ryan , Axelrod Fumiko , Yuan Tom Z. , De León Diva D. , Sato Aaron K.
Published: June 2023

Congenital hyperinsulinism (HI) is a genetic disorder in which pancreatic β-cell insulin secretion is excessive and results in hypoglycemia that, without treatment, can cause brain damage or death. Most patients with loss-of-function mutations in ABCC8 and KCNJ11, the genes encoding the β-cell ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP), are unresponsive to diazoxide, the only U.S. Food and Drug Administration–approved medical therapy and require pancreatectomy. The glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) antagonist exendin-(9-39) is an effective therapeutic agent that inhibits insulin secretion in both HI and acquired hyperinsulinism. Previously, we identified a highly potent antagonist antibody, TB-001-003, which was derived from our synthetic antibody libraries that were designed to target G protein–coupled receptors. Here, we designed a combinatorial variant antibody library to optimize the activity of TB-001-003 against GLP-1R and performed phage display on cells overexpressing GLP-1R. One antagonist, TB-222-023, is more potent than exendin-(9-39), also known as avexitide. TB-222-023 effectively decreased insulin secretion in primary isolated pancreatic islets from a mouse model of hyperinsulinism, Sur1−/− mice, and in islets from an infant with HI, and increased plasma glucose levels and decreased the insulin to glucose ratio in Sur1−/− mice. These findings demonstrate that targeting GLP-1R with an antibody antagonist is an effective and innovative strategy for treatment of hyperinsulinism.

Article Highlights

Patients with the most common and severe form of diazoxide-unresponsive congenital hyperinsulinism (HI) require a pancreatectomy. Other second-line therapies are limited in their use because of severe side effects and short half-lives. Therefore, there is a critical need for better therapies. Studies with the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) antagonist, avexitide (exendin-(9-39)), have demonstrated that GLP-1R antagonism is effective at lowering insulin secretion and increasing plasma glucose levels. We have optimized a GLP-1R antagonist antibody with more potent blocking of GLP-1R than avexitide. This antibody therapy is a potential novel and effective treatment for HI.
Stalin Era Intellectuals: Culture and Stalinism
Authors: Sandomirskaja Irina
Published: June 2023

“It is pertinent to ask to what extent certain cultural phenomena and intellectual currents from the Stalin era really were such unique features that can be branded as Stalinist…”. This is the question that motivated the anthology Stalin Era Intellectuals: Culture and Stalinism under review here. 
»Det är relevant att fråga sig i vilken utsträckning vissa kulturella fenomen och intellektuella strömningar från Stalintiden verkligen var sådana unika särdrag som kan stämplas som stalinistiska... ». Detta är frågan som motiverade antologin Stalin Era Intellectuals: Culture and Stalinism som granskas här.
Electric Aircraft Battery Performance: Examining Full Discharge Under Two Conditions
Authors: Cunha Denner , Wheeler Brooke , Silver Isaac , Andre Gaspar
Published: June 2023

The understanding of battery performance, particularly over the full course of discharge and over battery life is critical to allow pilots to maintain safety in electric aviation. In this study, an electric aircraft powered by two Lithium-Ion battery packs is used as a test article. The objectives of the current study are to build on previous work by conducting two full tests discharging both battery packs from a 100% charge. This allows examination of the battery performance a) under a constant power output and b) with periodic tests of the maximum power available. In addition to state of charge (SOC), remaining flight time, battery temperature, and motor power, this study presents data on motor RPM, torque, voltage, current, battery internal resistance, and available energy. The data on motor power indicates that the available maximum power decreases with lower SOCs when the throttle settings are varied; however, at lower power settings, such as an optimum cruise at 27 kW, the motor power remains constant and as expected during discharge. Also, the constant power setting illustrates that there are inflection points in physical battery characteristics. These results confirm that electric aircraft performance changes during a flight are different than what a pilot expects from a gasoline-powered aircraft. The longer the aircraft flies at different throttle settings, the faster the batteries discharge; the discharge curve is nonlinear. Thus, a piston-trained pilot’s expectation for an aircraft’s performance later in a flight will not match an electric aircraft.
Penyuluhan Konservasi Sumber Daya Hutan melalui Skema Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKm)
Authors: Ariza Yudi Safril , Dewi Bainah Sari , Syahiib A. Nizam , Lestari Wulan Ayu , Violita Cindy Yoeland , Wahyuni Elza , Harianto Sugeng Prayitno , Winarno Gunardi Djoko
Published: June 2023

Hutan kemasyarakat (HKm) merupakan salah satu skema perhutanan sosial yang tujuan utamannya adalah melakukan pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan hutan berbasis pemberdayaan masyarakat. Konsep ini bertujuan untuk memperkuat kelembagaan dan mempertahkan kelestarian SDA. Perlu adanya keterlibatan berbagai pihak dalam pelaksanaanya. Salah satunya adanya kegiatan penyuluhan untuk memberikan pemahaman dan pengetahuan kepada masyarakat khususnya dalam aspek konservasi lingkungan. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemahaman dan peningkatan masyarakat terhadap kegiatan penyuluhan konservasi sumber daya hutan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode ceramah dan menggunakan analisis pre test dan post test untuk mengetahui peningkatan pemahaman peserta penyuluhan.  Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan, terdapat peningkatan pemahaman peserta sebesar 20.09%. Peningkatan ini didasarkan pada kemampuan masyarakat menagkap materi yang disampaikan. Variabel yang mempengruhi terhadap peningkatan peserta yaitu pada aspek kelembagaan dan peran stakeholder. Namun, terdapat aspek yang mengalami peningkatan yang cukup rendah yaitu koservasi keanekarahaman hayati. Sehingga, perlu adanya upaya keberlanutan terhadap kegiatan dalam aspek praktik.
Peningkatan Pemahaman Masyarakat Tentang Alternatif Pemasaran Damar Mata Kucing (Shorea javanica): Studi Kasus Desa Pahmungan dan Pajar Bulan, Lampung Barat
Authors: Wulandari Christine , Erdian Zeda , Latifah Lutfi Nur , Fadli Nur Ahmad , Kurniawan Vinanda Arum Tri , Adinda Aryanti Rizki , Silaban Lusiana Tursina , Saputra Bagus , Rahmawaty Rahmawaty , Novasari Destia , Sari Dewi Rafika
Published: June 2023

Damar mata kucing (Shorea javanica) merupakan salah satu hasil hutan bukan kayu (HHBK) yang telah banyak dikelola dan dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat sekitar Desa Pahmungan dan Desa Pajar Bulan, Kabupaten Pesisir Barat, Provinsi Lampung. Penurunan minat masyarakat dalam mengelola repong damar salah satunya disebabkan oleh turunnya harga resin damar. Tujuan dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PKM) yang dilaksanakan pada tangga 21 – 23 Oktober 2022 ini   adalah untuk meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat tentang alternatif pemasaran damar agar mereka tetap memperoleh harga jual yang sesuai. Metode yang digunakan yaitu ceramah dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Peserta PKM sebanyak 11 orang adalah perwakilan tokoh masyarakat dari 2 desa Pahmungan dan Pajar Bulan. Hasil PKM menunjukkan bahwa pemasaran damar yang selama ini dilakukan oleh masyarakat  masih secara konvensional. Di lokasi diketahui adanya satu saluran pemasaran damar yaitu dari petani – pengepul tingkat desa – PT Indo Gala Murni Pratama – Ekspor. Setelah diberikan ceramah oleh tim dosen dan mahasiswa Jurusan Kehutanan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung beserta mitra yang kemudian diikuti dengan FGD pengetahuan dan pemahamam masyarakat tentang pemasaran damar mata kucing meningkat. Lebih rinci, peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat yaitu tentang alternatif pemasaran damar berdasarkan kondisi pasar dan budidaya damar mata kucing. Berdasarkan hasil pre-test dan posr-test peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat terhadap kondisi pasar yaitu dari 52,73  menjadi 92,72 atau meningkat 39,99. Peningkatan pemahaman pada budidaya damar mata kucing yaitu 69,09 dan 98,18 atau meningkat 29,09.
Addicted To Online Games Among Teenagers And Their Implication for Counseling Service
Authors: Vera Nora Astrina , Netrawati Netrawati
Published: June 2023

Online games is one of the internet-connected games that are in demand starting from children, online games user should be able to think precisely and logically and must be able to place and accept the functions of online gaming facilities. This 1) describe online gaming addication which is seen from the quality of compulsive or encouragement to do continuously 2) describe online games addication as seen from the quality of withdrawal 3) describe online games addication as seen from tolerace quality 4) describe onlien games addication as seen from the quality of interpersonal and health problem.The population of this study was students of SMAN One Batang Kapas 442. The sampling technique used was stratified random sampling so that a sample of 81 students was obtained. The instrument used is an online games addication 1) cmpulsive or encouragement in the high category whith an average achievement of 70,4% whith a total of 57 people 2)whitdrawal is in the high category whith an average achievement of43,2% whith a total of 35 peopel 3)tolerance is at high category with an average achievement of 59,3% with 48 students 4)interpersonal relation an health problems are in the high category with an average achievement of 93,8% with a total of 76 tudents.
Adversity Quotient Arranging Thesis for Students of Faculty of Education State University of Padang
Authors: Soniatri Lailatus , Syukur Yarmis
Published: June 2023

This research is motivated by the existence of underprivileged students find reference in research, then students are not able to communicate well when meeting with supervisors, and students have difficulty understanding the research concepts. This study aims to describe the adversity quotient in preparing thesis for students in terms of: (1) control, (2) origin and ownership, (3) reach, and (4) endurance.This research uses quantitative methods with descriptive type. The sample in this study were 267 people selected using the Proportional Random Sampling technique. The research instrument used was the adversity quotient questionnaire composing the thesis using a Likert scale. Data were processed using descriptive statistical analysis techniques. The results of the study revealed that: (1) adversity quotient compiling thesis for FIP UNP students is in the high enough category (2) in the control aspect is in the high enough category, (3) in the origin and ownership aspects are in the high enough category, (4) the reach aspect is in the high enough category, and (5) the endurance aspect is in the quite high category. Based on the research findings, it is suggested to the Counselor at the University to be able to provide guidance and counseling services in the form of information services, individual counseling, and group counseling, in order to assist students in alleviating problems that are being experienced by these students and to increase adversity quotient.
Study Habits of Students Attending Full Day School
Authors: Lillah Junita Gusri , Ilyas Asmidir
Published: June 2023

Learning habits are methods or techniques of learning that are carried out repeatedly so as to produce learning skills that remain in students and students will get used to doing it without coercion. This research is motivated by the phenomenon of students who have poor study habits. This study aims to describe the learning habits of students attending full day school. This research is a type of descriptive research using quantitative methods. The population in this study were students of class X and XI of SMAN 1 Coastal Domains totaling 573 students and the sample in this study amounted to 239 students selected using proportional random sampling techniques. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire about student learning habits with a Likert scale model. Data analysis techniques using descriptive statistical techniques. This study describes (1) students' learning habits based on aspects of making schedules and their implementation in the very good and good category (39.7%), (2) student learning habits based on aspects of reading and taking notes are in the very good category (54.0%), (3) students 'learning habits based on repeating aspects of learning materials are in good categories (46%), (4) students' learning habits based on concentration aspects are in quite good category (43,5%), (5) learning habits students based on aspects of doing the assignment are in good category (48.5%).
Effectiveness of Implementation of Individual Counseling Services in Schools in Increasing Student Resilience
Authors: Susanti Liza Murni , Syukur Yarmis
Published: June 2023

This research is motivated by the existence of various problems of students who need resilienceskills in order to be able to face these various problems such as not wanting to get along due to bullying, feeling they have no future due to having a broken home and there are some students who are lazy to study because of their low scores. To overcome these problems, individual counseling services are needed in order to increase student resilience so that students are able to deal with various problems in the right way. This study aims to describe the effectiveness of the implementation of individual counseling services in increasing student resilience based on the BMB3 aspects, namely thinking, feeling, behaving, acting and being responsible.This type of research is a descriptive quantitative type. The research subjects were 62 students of SMP Negeri 13 Padang who had resilience problems and had conducted individual counseling with BK teachers at school. The data collection technique used a questionnaire with a Likert scale model. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques.This study describes the effectiveness of individual counseling services in the high category in the high category. Based on the BMB3 aspect, namely, (1) the thinking aspect, is in the high category (40.3%); (2) the feeling aspect is in the high category (40.3%); (3) attitude aspect is in the high category (48.4%); (4) the acting aspect is in the high enough category (48.4%) and (5) the responsible aspect of students is in the high category (51.6%).
Pengaruh motivasi belajar terhadap self-regulated learning pada mahasiswa
Authors: Prastiwi Rinda Fenty
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the significant effect of learning motivation on self-regulated learning in students of the guidance and counceling study program batch 2018 faculty of teacher training and science Satya Wacana Christian University, Salatiga. This study used a sample of 57 students. The method used was a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used in this study was simple linear regression with the help of the SPSS version 20.0 program. The simple linear test results show that learning motivation has no effect on self-regulated learning in students of the Guidance and Counseling Study Progrm batch 2018 FKIP Satya Wacana Christian Univesity, Salatiga. This can be seen from the results of the simple linear regression test on the Model Summary, it can be seen that the value of the Adjusted R square is 0.006 which means that it is 0.6%. The F count value is 0.312, P 0,579 >0.05, so it can be concluded that there is no effect of Learning Motivation on Self-regulated in students of the guidance and counceling study program batch 2018 faculty of teacher training and science Satya Wacana Christian University, Salatiga.
Factors Affecting Student’s Burnout In Online Learning
Authors: Febriani Rahmi Dwi , Triyono Triyono , Hariko Rezki , Yuca Verlanda , Magistarina Elrisfa
Published: June 2023

The Pandemic of Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) has a significant impact on various sectors of life, including the education sector.The learning process, which was initially carried out in person or face-to-face, is now carried out online.This virtual learning implementation has a negative impact on students' psychology, one of which is the burnout study.Several research results show that many students have difficulty understanding the material provided online, the task demands are high, and cannot interact directly with friends and lecturers.Furthermore, this increases the burnout of the study in students and causes the lecture process to be not optimal.Burnout study is a condition in which an individual feels physically and emotionally exhausted, causing boredom in learning, indifference to academic assignments, lack of motivation, laziness, and decreased learning achievement.Current research uses literature review by looking for theoretical references that are relevant to the problems found.
Managing and Supervising Privatization of Islamic Education within a Decentralized Educational System in West Sumatra
Authors: Sandra Ika , Wijanarko Tiok , Hanh Nguyen Thi Hong , Evelynd Evelynd
Published: June 2023

This article examines the management and supervision of Islamic education in West Sumatra within a highly decentralized educational system. It addresses the belief among Indonesians that centralized governance leads to regional unfairness and hinders community involvement. In a decentralized system, local governments have the autonomy to control their own functions, including education, aligning with the goals and needs of their communities. The growth of Islamic education in West Sumatra is a result of this decentralized system. This article using qualitative research methods such as document analysis and interviews and conducted in Padang and Padang Panjang as representative of Muslim regions in West Sumatra. Findings indicate that the planning process is initiated by the mayor, who appoints government institutions like Social Welfare Unit and Education Departments to oversee Islamic education in the region, following a top-down approach.