bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FAST DISSOLVING TABLET OF LEVOCETIRIZINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE AND MONTELUKAST SODIUM
Authors: Verma Madhu , Chauhan Iti , Yasir Mohamed
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Fast disintegrating tablets (FDTs) have received ever-increasing demand during the last decade, and the field has become a rapidly growing area in the pharmaceutical industry. Objective: The aim of the present study was to formulate fast-dissolving tablets of Levocetirizine dihydrochloride (LEV) and Montelukastsodium (MON) by direct compression method. Material And Methods: An attempt was made to mask the bitter taste of Levocetirizine by preparing an ion exchange resin complex by a batch method using Kyron T-104. The tablets were prepared using mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose as diluents, and croscarmellose sodium and crospovidone as super disintegrants. Parameters like a drug: resin ratio, pH & swelling time were successfully optimized to prepare the drug resin complex. The fast-dissolving tablets were characterized for various pre and post-compression parameters along with disintegration time, content uniformity, wetting time, in-vitro drug release, in vivo taste evaluation, and compatibility studies. Result and Discussion: The tablets prepared by direct compression method possess a hardness of 3.4 to 3.6 Kg/cm², percentage friability of 0.65 to 0.80, in vitro disintegration time of 29.82 to 51.7 seconds, and wetting time of 20.4 to 46.8 seconds. The formulation (F4)containing crospovidone and croscarmellose sodium in 2:4 ratios showed better disintegration time and more than 99% drug release within 6 minutes. Comparative taste evaluation proves the palatability of formulated tablets. Results of stability studies were also found in acceptable limits. Conclusion: The prepared orodispersible tablets disintegrate within seconds without the need for water and enhance absorption; thismay lead to increased bioavailability of LEV as well as MON.
IN-SILICO DOCKING STUDIES OF CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF NEUROPATHIC PAIN
Authors: Sinha Reema , Singh Himanshu , Bansal Sandeep Kumar , Kaushik Rahul , Verma Krishan Kumar
Published: June 2023

Background: In the present study, the in-silico docking studies of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors with 4RUX i.e. The crystal Structure of Human carbonic Anhydrase II protein was performed in the management of neuropathic pain. Materials and Methods: The crystal structure of protein PDB ID: 4RUX was downloaded from the RCSB PDB database and the ligand molecules of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors were drawn from Marvin Sketch. Docking studies between ligand and protein to predict binding interactions by using AutoDock 4.2 and the receptor-ligand complex interaction viewed by using Biovia Drug Discovery studio. Result: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors showed binding energy ranging between -5.41 to -8.63. Ganoderic acid A showed better binding energy -8.63 kcal/mol than the standard Acetazolamide -6.22 kcal/mol. Conclusion: The result clearly indicates that among carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, Ganoderic acid A and Morindone show better hydrogen bonding and binding affinity towards carbonic anhydrase II (PDB ID: 4RUX). Thus, conclude that among carbonic anhydrase inhibitors Ganoderic acid A (obtained from Ganoderma lucidium) and Morindone (both obtained from Morinda citrifolia (NONI)} provide the better pharmacological effect.
PREPARATION OF MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE FROM DISSOLVING CELLULOSE OBTAINED FROM JUTE FIBERS AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE FORMULATION OF FEXOFENADINE HYDROCHLORIDE TABLET DOSAGE FORM
Authors: Chowdhury Abu Asad , Haque Mohammad R , Rana Md. Sohel , Amran Mohammad S
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The most affordable tablet form is microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), a popular pharmaceutical excipient that is utilized as a filler or binder in immediately compressible tablets. Methods: In the present study, we extracted dissolving cellulose from jute fibers by treatment with 0.1 N hydrochloric acid solution and 20% w/w sodium hydroxide solution at high temperature and pressure. The dissolving cellulose was subjected to acid hydrolysis at 100 0C for 2 h with 2 N hydrochloric acid. The identity of the MCC was confirmed by FT-IR and by determining the degree of polymerization. To evaluate the flow property, we determined the bulk, density, tapped density, Hausner index, Carr’s index and angle of repose. The tableting property of the prepared MCC was evaluated by making fexofenadine hydrochloride tablets.

Result and Discussion: The dissolving cellulose contains 94.67% α-cellulose The DP of the MCC was found 191. The powder properties such as bulk density, tapped density, Hausner index and Carr’s index, angle of repose values are comparable with that of standard Avicel PH102. The hardness, friability, disintegration time and % dissolved in 30 minutes were dissolution value of the tablets 5.6 kg, 0.34%, 178.17 sec and 83.89%, respectively. All these values are within the United State Pharmacopoeia range and are comparable with the tablets prepared from Avicel PH102 and marketed fexofenadine tablets.
Sorry We Missed You Filminde Yabancılaşma: Karl Marx Perspektifinden Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: GÖĞÜŞ Seda Dilek , KILINÇ Hakan
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışma Karl Marx’ın yabancılaşma kavramı bağlamında Sorry We Missed You filmini incelemektedir. İşçi sınıfı üzerine filmleriyle bilinen Ken Loach, söz konusu filmde, kapitalist sistemin artı değer yaratıp kendi varlığını ve devamlılığını sağlamak adına çalışanların ve sermaye sahiplerinin sömürü temelli ilişkilerini, bunun neticesinde doğan sorunları, yalnızlaşmayı ve yabancılaşmayı tüm gerçekliğiyle sunmaktadır. Yabancılaşma, Marx’ın kapitalist üretim tarzını işaret ederek geliştirdiği, çalışanların fiziksel ve zihinsel açıdan içerisinde yer aldığı toplumsal süreçte yakıcı ve yıkıcı bir etkiye sahip olduğu bir olgudur. Marx yabancılaşmayla ilgili argümanlarını geliştirirken proletarya üzerinden bir analiz yapmaktadır ancak günümüzde prekarya örneği üzerinden işlenen filmde yabancılaşmanın daha da derinleştiği bir düzen eleştirilmektedir. Nitekim Sorry We Missed You filmi de, kapitalizmin girdabında çırpınan ekonomik sıkıntılarla baş etmeye çalışan bir çekirdek ailenin verdiği mücadeleyi ve yaşadığı süreci anlatmaktadır. Böylesi bir kapitalist düzen içerisinde görünür olan yabancılaşma meselesi film boyunca farklı karakterler etrafında çeşitli biçimlerde kendini göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada, söz konusu film özelinde teknik unsurlardan öte filmin içeriğine, verilen mesajlara ve işlenen temaya odaklanılacaktır.
Nostaljik Bir Deneyim Olarak Modernlik: Mimaroğlu Belgeseli
Authors: HÜSMEN A. Hümeyra
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışma, Marshall Berman’ın savunusu olan modernliğin bir deneyim ve süreç olduğu tezi üzerine kurulu. Bir süreç olan modernliğin günümüzde de devam ettiği fakat belirli özelliklerinin dönüşüm geçirdiği söylenebilir. Geç modernlik olarak anılan bu dönüşüm evresinde modernliğin etkileri hala görünürdür. Ancak teknolojik gelişmeler olumsuz etkilerini de göstermeye başlamış, modern hayat risk ve güvensizlik hissiyatları ile tanımlanır hale gelmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, modernlik deneyimi gibi geç modernliğin de birey üzerinde travmatik etkileri bulunduğu savunulabilir. Bu çalışma, modernlik deneyiminin elverişsiz sonuçlarından kaçış olarak şekillenen nostaljik imgeler üzerine bir tartışma alanı açma amacı taşımakta. Belirtilen amaç doğrultusunda Serdar Kökçeoğlu’nun Mimaroğlu belgeseli (2020) modernlik, geç modernlik ve nostalji kavramları ekseninde analiz edilmek için seçildi. Belgeselin belirtilen kavramları incelemek için seçilmesinin sebebi nostalji olgusuna getirdiği alternatif bakıştan kaynaklanıyor. Bu bakışı ortaya koyabilmek için Mimaroğlu belgeselinin biçim ve içerik olarak modernist yaklaşımları ortaya kondu. Şehir senfonisi film türüne ait bir estetiği benimsediği ve biyografisini ele aldığı isimlerin yaşamını modern kent imgeleri ile tanımladığı çıkarımına varıldı. Görünen modernist yüzeydeki nostaljik söylemi ortaya çıkarmak içinse belgeselin kurgusu ve modernlik deneyimine yaklaşımı incelendi. Biyografisi anlatılan Mimaroğlu çiftinin geç modern döneme ait bir yaşam sürdükleri görüldü. Güngör Mimaroğlu’nun röportajları vasıtasıyla aktarılan güncel durumda ise gençlik yıllarının yaşandığı bu modern döneme ve büyük kente özlem duyulduğu sonucuna varıldı. Modernist estetiğin aslında nostaljik bir modernlik deneyimini sunmak için kullanıldığı ortaya çıktı. Belgeselin modernist estetiğinin nostaljiye dönüştüğü sonucundan yola çıkılarak nostaljinin modernliğin kendisi haline gelebildiği görüldü. Nostaljinin alışageldik imgeleri olan ev, kırsal ve kolektif bir yaşam biçiminin geç modern dönemde dönüşüm geçirebildiği sonucuna varıldı.
The Image of the Habsburg Dynasty in Czech Nationalist Thinking in the 1860s and at the Beginning of the 1870s (on the Example of the Sokol Movement)
Authors: Kotov Viktor
Published: June 2023

This article analyses the image of the Habsburg dynasty in Czech nationalist thinking in the 1860s and at the beginning of the 1870s. This complex and changing image is explored through the case of the Sokol movement, which combined Czech nationalism with gymnastics. The research is based on the analysis of newspapers and other primary sources. The complexity of the analysed image derives from the existence of three interrelated currents of monarchist thought in the socalled Czech lands. The traditional current can be described as paternalistic, imperialist, and Catholic. The constitutional current was related to the emperor’s acceptance of the limitation of his power. The third current was Czech nationalist monarchism characterised by the link between the concept of Czech historical state right and the prospect of Franz Joseph I’s coronation as King of Bohemia. Among the main principles of Czech nationalist thinking was totalism, which in this case meant conceiving the nation as the supreme value. Among the consequences of putting Czech national interests over everything else were the merging of nationalist and constitutional currents of monarchist thought, the differential attitude towards Franz Joseph I’s predecessors, and the alternation of anifestations of loyalty and disloyalty. Among the latter were the decisions of the Prague Sokol society not to take part in the emperor’s visit to Prague in June 1868 and to purchase the copy of his rescript dated 12 September 1871, which contained the unfulfilled coronation promise. The totality of nationalism as a political religion and the existence of different interpretations of Austrianness led Czech nationalists to take it as simultaneously their anti-identity and subsidiary identity. Austrianness as the Czech subsidiary identity was related to the idea of multinational monarchy and the concept of Austro-Slavism, while the anti-identity was incited by the German and supranational interpretations.
Jurnal Pengaruh Metode Bernyanyi Terhadap Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Nuramalia Siti
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengaruh metode bernyanyi dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika di tingkat sekolah dasar. Metode bernyanyi telah diakui sebagai pendekatan yang efektif dalam memfasilitasi pemahaman konsep matematika dan meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa dalam pembelajaran. Studi literatur dan penelitian terdahulu menyediakan bukti bahwa penggunaan metode bernyanyi dapat meningkatkan motivasi, memperkuat pemahaman konsep matematika, dan menciptakan suasana belajar yang menyenangkan bagi siswa. Dalam penelitian ini, akan dilakukan analisis terhadap hasil-hasil penelitian sebelumnya untuk menggambarkan pengaruh positif metode bernyanyi terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar matematika di sekolah dasar. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam pengembangan metode pembelajaran yang lebih inovatif dan menarik dalam konteks pembelajaran matematika.
MEMAHAMI EFEK PENGGUNAAN GADGET TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Rustiana Sindi
Published: June 2023

Penggunaan gadget oleh anak-anak dalam era digital saat ini telah menjadi perdebatan yang kompleks. Banyak penelitian telah dilakukan untuk menguji pengaruh gadget terhadap perkembangan karakter anak. Dalam analisis ini, saya mereview delapan jurnal yang membahas topik ini. Pendidikan karakter menjadi fokus utama dalam proses pendidikan, dengan tujuan membentuk karakter yang baik selain mengembangkan aspek intelektual. Selain pendidikan di sekolah, pendidikan di dalam keluarga juga berperan penting dalam pembentukan karakter anak usia sekolah dasar. Mayoritas jurnal yang saya review menyoroti pengaruh negatif yang muncul akibat penggunaan gadget, seperti kurangnya kesadaran diri dalam pengerjaan tugas dan kurangnya interaksi sosial. Banyak orang tua memberikan kebebasan kepada anak dalam menggunakan gadget, penggunaan gadget yang berlebihan dapat mengganggu sosialisasi, lamban dalam motorik, dan mengubah perilaku anak. Penggunaan gadget yang berlebihan dan tidak efektif akan berdampak buruk pada pembentukan karakter anak. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan kesadaran orang tua untuk membatasi dan mengawasi penggunaan gadget anak-anak agar dampak negatif dapat dihindari dan dampak positifnya dapat dimaksimalkan.
Information trust and groundwater management: Evaluating the role of formal versus informal information sources in adoption of groundwater conservation practices among California farmers
Authors: Goldstein Zachary , Niles Meredith
Published: June 2023

The future of farming in many water-stressed regions will depend in large part upon sustainable management of groundwater. Understanding the drivers associated with uptake of groundwater conservation practices in agriculture is thus critical for policy, programmatic, and technical support development. While a rich body of research has explored farmers’ conservation practice adoption, understanding of groundwater conservation practices is more limited, especially regarding the role of farmer networks and information sources. This study explores how information sources influence the actual and intended adoption of groundwater management practices in California, which instituted a statewide policy in 2014 to regulate and implement groundwater conservation practices. Using survey data from farmers (n=553) in three largely agricultural counties of California, we examine the extent to which farmers’ preferred and actual sources for groundwater policy information are associated with adoption of groundwater conservation practices while controlling for farm and farmer attributes. We find that farmer trust in groundwater policy information from informal sources such as other farmers, social media, and popular media is negatively associated with both current adoption and intended future adoption of groundwater conservation practices. These findings suggest that policymakers and extension agents seeking to spread conservation information could tap into peer-to-peer networks and partner with a diverse range of organizations to ensure that they send trusted information to farmers. This analysis can help build a richer understanding of how farmers’ groundwater management behavior is highly dependent upon social and policy contexts.
A Tale of Three Retractions: A Call for Standardized Categorization and Criteria in Retraction Statements
Authors: Ivory James D. , Elson Malte
Published: June 2023

While psychology and other scientific fields may not always live up to the ideal of self-correction, retractions are one effective mechanism to address flawed entries in the scientific record once they have already been published. Despite their utility, retractions are steeped in stigma for authors, and information about their role in the retraction process is not consistently reported in retraction statements. Based on examples across the variety of existing retraction statements across fields, we propose three categories of retractions based on authors’ roles, as well as suggested standard criteria for retraction statements to ensure they provide adequate information about the process, rationale, and interpretability of retractions while providing authors with a voice in this very challenging outcome for their work.
PERENCANAAN KOMUNIKASI PEMBEBASAN LAHAN JALAN TOL
Authors: Jennisa Thiska Ika , Rasyid Anuar , Suyanto Suyanto
Published: June 2023

Pengadaan tanah (pembebasan lahan) bagi pembangunan untuk kepentingan umum merupakan tuntutan yang tidak dapat dielakkan oleh pemerintah mana pun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui I. Tahapan perencanaan komunikasi diterapkan oleh Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Provinsi Riau dalam pembangunan jalan tol ruas wilayah Pekanbaru–Dumai. II. Mengetahui pelaksanaan dan monitoring yang diterapkan oleh Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Provinsi untuk menentukan khalayak sasaran komunikasi pada permasalahan pembebasan lahan lokasi pembangunan jalan tol ruas wilayah Pekanbaru–Dumai. III. Mengetahui hasil evaluasi dan pelaporan dalam penyelesaian konflik dari perencanaan komunikasi yang telah dilaksanakan oleh Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Provinsi Riau dalam permasalahan pembebasan lahan lokasi pembangunan jalan tol ruas wilayah Pekanbaru-Dumai. Jenis penelitian yang akan digunakan dalam  penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Komunikasi Pembangunan dari Rogers (1985) dan menggunakan Konsep Perencanaan Komunikasi dari Canggara. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa dalam perencanaan komunikasi Dinas Pekerjaan Umum memiliki 4 tahap yaitu sosialisasi, pendataan, konsultasi publik dan penetapan lokasi. Dalam penentuan khalayak Dinas Pekerjaan Umum menerima Dokumen Perencanaan Pengadaan Tanah, Melaksanakan sosialisasi, Melaksanakan Pendataan Awal, Melaksanakan Konsultasi Publik, Menyiapkan Penetapan Lokasi dan Mengumumkan Penetapan Lokasi (Penlok).
Governança da tecnologia da informação na Polícia Militar do Distrito Federal: a percepção de oficiais gestores estratégicos
Authors: Deus Vieira Jerônimo Araújo
Published: June 2023

Neste trabalho foi analisada a Governança de Tecnologia da Informação (TI), as melhores práticas e a percepção dos gestores estratégicos da Polícia Militar do Distrito Federal (PMDF). Isso se justifica: (i) pelos elevados investimentos realizados na área de TI, principalmente pelos órgãos públicos; (ii) pela importância que a Governança de TI possui na obtenção de eficiência e maximização de resultados; e (iii) e pelos impactos que sua adoção incipiente pode causar nas organizações, principalmente relacionados ao desperdício de recursos públicos, contexto no qual a PMDF se insere. O principal objetivo deste trabalho é discutir o conceito e a importância da Governança de TI para as organizações, estudar sua adoção na PMDF e levantar a percepção de seus gestores estratégicos sobre o tema. Além de uma revisão bibliográfica, foi realizado uma pesquisa docu-mental para identificar o exercício da Governança de TI na PMDF e uma pesquisa de campo com cinco oficiais superiores em função de Gestão Estratégica. Os achados apontam que existem, na Corporação, instrumentos formais para o exercício da Governança de TI, criados em decorrência de legislação concernente e por recomendação dos órgãos de controle. Os oficiais consultados apontam problemas relacionados à prática da Governança de TI e sugerem possíveis soluções aplicáveis pela própria Instituição.
Lúpus eritematoso cutâneo crônico – Relato de caso
Authors: Vettorato Evandro Doine , Novais-Mencalha Renata
Published: June 2023

Chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus is a disease of multifactorial etiopathogenesis, related to genetic and environmental factors, and exposure to UVA and UVB rays, which culminate in the development of autoantibodies and antigen-antibody complexes, developing a relevant chronic inflammatory process. For definitive diagnosis and prognosis, histopathological analysis is fundamental. Treatment is based on restriction of solar radiation associated with the use of immunosuppressive agents. This work consisted of reporting on a case of chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus in a mixed breed dog, presenting crusted lesions and erythema in the nasal planum region. Histopathological examination revealed lymphoplasmocytic interstitial dermatitis with degeneration of the basal layer and foci of keratinocyte apoptosis. The patient underwent treatment with prednisolone 2 mg/kg, every 12 hours for 14 days, vitamin E 400 mg daily for 60 days, and use of topical dexamethasone ointment (1%) for 14 days. After treatment, complete remission of clinical signs was observed.
Aspectos do emprego da eletroquimioterapia em cães e gatos: Revisão
Authors: Moreira Luciano de Paulo , Pedrosa Poliana Laviola , Ventura Bruno Passagem , Vieira Jhulya de Andrade Borges , Marques Maria Mauri , Vale Isabelly Santos , Costa Tathiany Tavares , Silva Ruslana Simonassi da , Cruz Igor Cezar Kniphoff da , Andrade Paulo Sérgio Cruz de , Aptekmann Karina Preising
Published: June 2023

Due to the increased longevity of dogs and cats, senile disorders have been more recurrent, such as neoplasms. In order to obtain better results in cancer therapy, electrochemotherapy (ECT) appears as a localized treatment of tumors, which associates chemotherapy drugs with electrical impulses. Thus, this study aims to discuss the therapeutic aspects of the use of ECT in companion animals, with emphasis on oral melanoma, cutaneous mastocytoma and squamous cell carcinoma. ECT is characterized by electroporation with high voltage intensity and ultra-short application time, with the associated use of chemotherapeutics such as bleomycin and cisplatin, to promote apoptosis and tissue necrosis. It is extremely important to stick to the particularities of each species, the route of administration, tumor size, dosage and side effects of drugs. Immunological and vascular secondary effects, due to damage to the endothelial tissue and vasoconstriction, are considered beneficial in tumor control. Different electrodes with different configurations and recommendations for use can be utilized, such as plate electrodes, or linear or hexagonal needle electrodes. The ECT technique promises fewer side effects and less invasive intervention when compared with surgical procedure and radiotherapy.
Gestação ectópica felina concomitante a piometra: Relato de caso
Authors: Moraes Ádria Fernanda Ferreira de , Carvalho Lilanilde Cavalcante , Lira Alice Jhennifer Oliveira , Silva Gerlana Pereira e , Oliveira Cynara Tapajós , Da Silva Gabriela Gomes , Sousa Victor Hugo Jati de , Silva Wilson Pimentel da , Reis Alessandra Belo
Published: June 2023

The goal of this report is to describe the findings of a laparotomy of an ectopic gestation concomitant with feline pyometra. A 3-year-old female mix-breed feline was seen on September 26, 2020, in a private veterinary clinic (A) in Santarém, Pará, weighing 3.95 kg and diagnosed with fecaloma, blood tests only revealing lymphopenia. However, the patient did not show clinical evolution and was thus taken to a private veterinary clinic (B) on October 2, 2020. Upon physical examination via palpation, the presence of a firm and mobile mass in the left abdominal region was noted, with absence of abdominal distention, normothermia, normal colored mucosa, 2-second CPT and normal skin turgor, so an exploratory laparotomy was requested. During surgery, a fetus was observed in the left abdominal region, adhered to the omentum, in addition to purulent material observed inside the incised uterus after surgery, characterizing pyometra. Ovariohysterectomy associated with exploratory laparotomy is still the best option for the treatment of pyometra and ectopia.
Cirurgia de catarata em cães com diabetes mellitus: Avaliação da eficácia e segurança
Authors: Souza Rodrigo Alberto Peixoto Rodrigues de
Published: June 2023

Este estudo de caso avaliou a eficácia e segurança da cirurgia de catarata em sete cães com diabetes mellitus. Todos os cães foram submetidos aos exames oftalmológicos completos e laboratoriais antes da cirurgia, incluindo testes de glicemia e hemograma completo. Os cães foram medicados com insulina e dieta especial para controlar a glicemia antes da cirurgia. A cirurgia foi realizada utilizando a técnica de facoemulsificação e foi considerada segura e eficaz na restauração da visão em todos os cães. Este estudo pode fornecer informações importantes para médicos veterinários que realizam cirurgias em cães com diabetes mellitus e catarata.
Judicial protection of intellectual property rights to animal breeds in civil proceedings (comparative legal aspect)
Authors: Golubei Mariia
Published: June 2023

The relevance of this study is conditioned upon the lack of specialized legal regulation concerning the breed of animals as an object of intellectual property, which considerably complicates the judicial protection of property and personal non-property rights. The purpose of this study was to investigate the civil legal protection of intellectual property rights for animal breeds in Ukraine, considering foreign practices. For the systematic study of Ukrainian and foreign legislation, formal-legal, logical-legal, comparative-legal, and other special methods were used. Through the analysis of the Ukrainian regulatory framework, it was found that the provisions of the patent legislation must be considered for the implementation of judicial protection of rights to animal breeds. The results of the study of the provisions of the specialized laws of Ukraine from the standpoint of civil legal protection of intellectual property rights were presented and the following methods of protection were highlighted, which by analogy can be applied to the animal breed: recognition of the right, change, or termination of the legal relationship, restoration of the position that existed before the violation of the right, recognition of the deed invalid, termination of infringing actions, compensation for damages and moral damage, forced performance of the obligation in kind. It was established that a special method of judicial protection of animal breed rights is the application of a one-time penalty in the form of a certain amount of money instead of compensation for damages. Using a comparative legal analysis of foreign practices, namely in the Czech Republic, Bulgaria, and Kyrgyzstan, it was discovered that the legal protection of animal breed rights is primarily determined by the presence of a protective legal document, such as a patent or certificate. The theoretical value of this paper is that this study is the first to analyse the issue of judicial civil law protection of animal breeds as an object of intellectual property law in Ukraine, while also factoring in the foreign practices. The practical value is that the study results can be used to eliminate gaps and conflicts in the legal regulation of animal breeds as objects of intellectual property. The proposals expressed in this paper can be considered in the legislative initiatives.
Early Postoperative Outcomes of Extremity Tumors During the COVID-19 Era in a Developing Country – Is Limb Salvage a Viable Option?
Authors: Lantin Ma. Loren Josephine , Rosario Mamer , Chua John Ricardo , Alomesen Avelino , Jose Ma. Lilia Monina , Battad Geoffrey
Published: June 2023

Background: With advancements in surgical techniques and adjuvant therapies, limb salvage (LS) has replaced amputation as the dominant treatment model for malignancies involving the extremities. But the COVID-19 pandemic has drastically affected cancer care especially in developing countries, with treatment delays possibly leading to a rise in amputations. Due to a lack of consensus regarding the ideal course of treatment for tumors involving the extremities in the current situation, the present study aimed to evaluate perioperative and short- term functional outcomes following LS surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A single-institutional series of 45 patients who underwent surgical resection for extremity tumors and followed for at least 6 weeks after operation were included. We analyzed patients according to whether one had LS or major amputation during surgery, and compared intraoperative blood loss, operative duration, perioperative complication rates, COVID-19 infection rates, and Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scores during last follow-up, between the two groups. Results: The LS group (n=21) had significantly longer operative duration (323 min vs. 214 min, p=.004) but higher MSTS scores (81% vs. 49%, p=.001) than the amputation group (n=24). Intraoperative blood loss (1113 mL vs. 779 mL, p=.46), superficial infection rates (14% vs. 8%, p=.12), and COVID-19 infection rates (14% vs. 29%, p=.23) were similar between the two groups. Conclusion: The authors conclude that LS surgery can be a viable option for treating tumors involving the extremities especially in developing countries in the COVID-19 era.
Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) Versus Helical Tomotherapy (HT) in Esophageal Cancer: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Penumur Manasa , Goswami Smriti , Goswami Bibhash Chandra , Choudhury Diplu , Hassan Fahim Arman , Bora Ghritashee , Borah Luri , Paul Moumita , Baruah Rheetwik , Saikia Dimpal , Baruah Kalyanjit Dutta
Published: June 2023

Purpose/Objectives: Definitive chemoradiation is an accepted alternative treatment in the management of esophageal cancer in patients who are not candidates for surgery. The location of esophagus poses a challenge because of its close proximity to the critical organs. Various modern techniques of radiation planning offer the advantage of better dose conformality and increased sparing of organs at risk. This study aims to compare the dosimetric parameters of Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) and Helical Tomotherapy (HT) planning techniques in radical radiotherapy for esophageal cancer patients. Materials/Methods: A total of 38 patients of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with clinical staging cT2-T4/N0-N2/M0 planned for definitive chemoradiation were enrolled from June 2021 till November 2022. CT simulation was done with intravenous and oral contrast, and contouring of tumor volumes and organs at risk were done according to RTOG contouring guidelines. All patients were planned for a total dose of 50.4Gy in 28 fractions. Radiation plans of IMRT and HT were generated for each patient. Dosimetric parameters of PTV D98, D2, Dmean, V95, V110, Homogeneity Index (HI) and Conformity Index (CI) were noted for both the plans. Organs at risk (OAR) parameters such as Lung (V20, V30, V5, Dmean), Heart (V25, V30, Dmean), Spinal Cord Dmax, Larynx (Dmax, Dmean) and Liver Dmean were noted. All parameters of the two different planning techniques were compared and analyzed using SPSS software v23 with paired t-test.Results: The coverage of the PTV in IMRT and HT was similar in terms of PTV V95 and PTV D98. The regions receiving more than 107% and 110% of the prescribed dose was significantly higher in IMRT compared to HT, on assessing V107, V110 and D2 (p=0.001). HI was similar in both the groups, but the CI was significantly better in HT compared to IMRT (0.9 ± 0.02 vs 1.03 ± 0.01; p=0.002). Doses to the lungs, heart and liver were similar between the two groups. IMRT had higher spinal cord (39.1 ± 3.2 vs 34.2 ± 5.5; p=0.001) and laryngeal dose (9.6 ± 5.5 vs 5.6 ± 3.7; p=0.009) compared to HT.Conclusion: HT offers better dose conformality and uniformity when compared to IMRT with lesser dose to spinal cord and larynx. As this is a dosimetric study, a larger sample size and patient follow up is essential for clinical correlation and assessment of benefit of different radiation modalities.
Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor (Dnet) in a Young Female: A Rare Case Presentation
Authors: Irfan Sarah , Fahim Mazhar , Rahman Suhailur , Akhtar Kafil
Published: June 2023

Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNET) is a recently described, morphologically unique, and surgically curable low grade brain tumor which is included in the WHO CNS classification as neuronal and mixed neuronal glial tumor. It is usually seen in children and young adults. This entity first described by Damas-Duport in 1998 is usually non-recurring with an excellent prognosis. We present a case of 30 year old female experiencing seizures with well defined space occupying lesion in the frontal region of brain. Contrast enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging was done which revealed well defined multilobulated solid cystic mass lesion in cortical/ subcortical region of left frontal lobe. Histological features suggested dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor which was subsequently confirmed on immunohistochemistry by GFAP and S-100 positivity. The principal differential diagnosis is oligodendrogliomas and gangliogliomas. Patient did not receive any adjuvant therapy post operatively and showed no signs of residual disease or recurrence on magnetic resonance imaging during follow up. Patient is on phenytoin for prophylaxis of seizures.
Port-site Metastasis from Gall Bladder Adenocarcinoma with Squamous Differentiation Following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Akhtar Kafil , Shams Asfa , Abbas Sadaf , Rehman Suhailur
Published: June 2023

Port site cutaneous metastasis of gallbladder cancer is an exceedingly infrequent phenomenon with very few cases reported in the past. Herein, we report a case of port site cutaneous metastases of gallbladder adenocarcinoma in a 57 years old female. Physical examination revealed a non healing ulcer in the epigastric region. FNA was suggestive of poorly differentiated carcinoma. Biopsy demonstrated atypical cells. Immunohistochemical analysis showed diffuse cytoplasmic staining with CK 7 and p63 showed focal nuclear positivity in tumour cells. This confirmed the diagnosis of metastastatic gall bladder adenocarcinoma with squamous differentiation. Diagnosis in such a case can be very challenging as the differential of primary cutaneous malignancies should also be kept in mind.
РОЛЬ ОСВІТНІХ ІНТЕРНЕТ-РЕСУРСІВ У ПІДГОТОВЦІ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ МОВИ І ЛІТЕРАТУРИ
Authors: Безлюдний Олександр , Лукіянчук Інна
Published: June 2023

У статті розкрито роль освітніх інтернет-ресурсів у підготовці майбутніх учителівукраїнської мови і літератури, місце освітніх інтернет-ресурсів у навчанні української мови.Висвітлено можливості web-технологій у тестуванні рівня володіння українською мовою аботемою, без участі або за участю викладача, що скорочує час перевірки результатів. Виділеноосновні методичні функції, що реалізуються засобами освітніх інтернет-ресурсів щодо українськоїмови: первинні (інформативна, тренувальна, контрольно-корекційна), другорядні (комунікативна,організаційно-стимулююча). Встановлено, що функції освітніх інтернет-ресурсів як інструментдіяльності викладача засновані на його можливостях точної реєстрації фактів, зберігання тапередачі значного обсягу інформації, групуваннь та статистичної обробки даних; як інструментупідтримки професійної діяльності викладача української мови дозволяє не тільки більш ефективнопрацювати з навчальними матеріалами, а й оптимізувати освітній процес шляхом систематичноїреєстрації його параметрів та створення банку даних по кожному конкретному здобувачу освіти тагрупі загалом (відомості про вихідний рівень знань, результати поточного контролю, середній бал,дані про переважний темп роботи тощо); як засіб технічної підтримки діяльності викладача освітніінтернет-ресурси відкривають широкі перспективи у вдосконаленні організації процесу навчання,оскільки деякі організаційні форми навчального процесу не можуть бути реалізовані беззастосування комп՚ютера; як інструмент навчально-пізнавальної діяльності забезпечуємаксимальну підтримку при оволодінні мовою, що дозволяє здобувачу перейти до раціональнішихформ навчання, усуває розрив між отриманням знань та їх дійсним засвоєнням. Визначенопереваги використання викладачем освітніх інтернет-ресурсів. Встановлено, що здобувачі назаняттях української мови можуть застосовувати освітні інтернет-ресурси відповідно до своїхіндивідуальних потреб на різних етапах роботи та в різних якостях. Визначено перевагивикористання освітніх інтернет-ресурсів для самостійного опрацювання навчального матеріалупорівняно з аудиторними заняттями з викладачем.
Commodification and Alienation in Edward Albee's Play The Sandbox
Authors: Soomro Abdul Rasheed , Shah Syed Mushahid Hussain , Arain Rubina
Published: June 2023

This research paper delves into the themes of alienation and commodification in American culture as depicted in Edward Albee's one-act drama, The Sandbox. Albee, known for his cynical observations of American society and the illusory American Dream, uses the play to explore the complexities of modern life through the perspectives and interactions of its characters. Through a close examination of the family members' dialogues and the symbol of the sandbox, this study aims to reveal the various ways in which the characters experience alienation and commodification. The significance of this research lies in its ability to shed light on the ways in which these behaviours manifest in contemporary society and how they are portrayed in literature.
A Postcolonial Reading of Novuya Tshuma's House of Stone
Authors: Shaikh Muhammad Hassan , Lashari Ajab Ali , Rashdi Shah Muhammad Farooq
Published: June 2023

The current paper attempts to investigate postcolonial concepts in Zimbabwean writer, Novuya Tshuma’s debut novel, House of Stone (2018). The present study is built on the theoretical framework of Homi K. Bhabha who, in his, collected writings titled The Location of Culture (1994) mentioned key elements of postcolonial criticism like an identity crisis, othering, mimicry and hybridity. The textual analysis method has been applied to analyse the relevant text objectively. Findings suggest that the above postcolonial concepts like an identity crisis, othering/otherness, mimicry and hybridity are vividly available and have been objectively analyzed. Moreover, the novelist uses an ample amount of figure of speech (simile, metaphor, personification and oxymoron) to carry forward the story in a literary manner. In addition to the above aspects, the concept of feminism is found in an African setting, the character of Thandi promotes feminism through her words and action.
A Mismatch between Interests of Students and Content of Grade XI English Textbooks
Authors: Gul Muhammad Asif
Published: June 2023

Over two hundred thousand failed Part-I English in Annual Examination conducted by eleven Boards in 2014 (Punjab, FBISE, AJK Board) (Gul, 2016). One reason of such a large scale failure may be an inappropriate content of the textbooks. The study assumed that the content of Grade XI English (Compulsory) Textbooks did not cater to the interests of the students. Qualitative and quantitative data was collected by Questionnaire from 500 randomly selected students. The analysis demonstrated that content of the subject textbooks evoked antagonistic feelings in the learners which cause failure. The study suggests that a course-content that arrests and maintains attention of learners by designing such activities as are absorbing and inspiring is mandatory to make class environment lively and learning conducive. It is high time that we upgrade the standard of our English textbooks because to be poor in English costs substantially high due to its comprehensive market.
Representing Gender Inequalities in the Curriculum of Punjab: A Content Analysis of Grade IX Textbook of English
Authors: Saeed Muhammad Imran , Nasir Muhammad , Siddique Nimra
Published: June 2023

The construction of gender and imaging gender as a reason for inequality is a well- established field of linguistic research. This study seeks to investigate the representation of gender in English textbooks for grade IX published by the Punjab Textbook Board (PTB), Pakistan. In order to assess the textbook from a gender perspective, the qualitative research method was employed. The text is examined using content analysis from a gender viewpoint. In this study, secondary data watches the main subject. According to the data, the grade IX English textbook from the Punjab textbook board has more phrases that are specifically slang for men. Additionally, there is a representation of female gender-specific terminology in the ninth-grade English textbook. Despite the Constitution of Pakistan of 1973's stated intention to reduce gender imbalances, male supremacy permeates all of the themes and sub-themes. It is observed that the government, textbook boards, and curriculum directorate should ensure an equal distribution of information for both sexes to boost women’s visibility in Pakistan.
Uzma Aslam Khan's Thinner Than Skin and Prospects for Aesthetic Appreciation
Authors: Nadeem Nida , Karim Asim , Ashraf Hafiza Rashna
Published: June 2023

The present study argues that the novel Thinner than Skin is not intended to be read as a depiction of the beautiful scenery of northern Pakistan. Instead, the beauty of the landscape's surface masks the bleak/painful reality beneath. As a result, aesthetic issues in Thinner than Skin revolves around whether or not the underlying sufferings that contradict the sublime should be taken into account when appraising the creative worth of works of fiction. When reading the story from Schopenhauer's point of view, this lends new meanings and an existential difficulty to the aesthetic beauty of the aforementioned locations.
Opinie więźniów na temat wykonywanej przez nich pracy podczas odbywania kary pozbawienia wolności w polskich zakładach karnych
Authors: Lewicka-Zelent Agnieszka , Pytka Agnieszka
Published: June 2023

Możliwość wykonywania pracy przez osoby skazane jest regulowana przez prawo danego kraju. W polskim prawie karnym wykonawczym praca jest jednym ze środków oddziaływań na skazanych, których zadaniem jest realizacja indywidualno-prewencyjnych celów wykonywania kary pozbawienia wolności. W polskim systemie penitencjarnym, w miarę możliwości istniejących na rynku pracy, zatrudnia się osoby skazane zakładając, że pełni ona wiele ważnych funkcji.
W badaniu ankietowym wzięło udział 452 skazanych z siedmiu wylosowanych zakładów karnych z całej Polski. Celem badań było poznanie opinii osób pozbawionych wolności na temat aktualnie wykonywanej przez nich pracy. Posłużono się autorskim kwestionariuszem ankiety.
Uzyskane wyniki świadczą o tym, że skazani dostrzegają korzyści wynikające z podejmowanej przez nich pracy, m.in. zmiany w swoim zachowaniu, lepsze samopoczucie oraz poprawę relacji z innymi. Praca stanowi ważny czynnik urozmaicenia ich życia w izolacji. Czynnikiem, który w największym stopniu przyczynia się do niezadowolenia więźniów z pracy, są zbyt duże potrącenia z pensji.
Kompetencje Unii Europejskiej a żywnościowe przyczyny chorób niezakaźnych
Authors: Farhan Jakub , Socha Katarzyna
Published: June 2023

Niezdrowa dieta jest jednym z sześciu głównych czynników ryzyka przyczyniających się do global­nego obciążenia chorobami niezakaźnymi (NCD), które są obecnie jedną z zasadniczych przyczyn nadmiarowych zgonów na świecie. W opracowaniach naukowych coraz częściej rozważa się uwzględnienie przeciwdziałania NCD przy użyciu instrumentów prawnych, w tym w prawie Unii Europejskiej (UE). Pojawiają się jednak pewne wątpliwo­ści związane z zakresem kompetencji przyznanych UE i możliwością przyjęcia rozwiązań prawnych w tej sprawie. W związku z powyższym przeprowadzona została analiza kompetencji UE pod kątem wdrożenia ewentualnych instrumentów mających przeciwdziałać NCD na poziomie unijnym. Z uwagi na szeroki katalog obszarów, na które UE może wpływać, a które współkształtują zapadalność na NCD w społeczeństwie i w świetle szeregu przepisów horyzontalnych określających wartości, którymi UE musi się kierować, UE winna w ramach wykonywania swoich kompetencji brać pod uwagę przeciwdziałanie żywnościowym przyczynom NCD.
Reklama piwa jako przejaw nierównego traktowania przedsiębiorców
Authors: Woźna-Burdziak Weronika
Published: June 2023

Niniejszy artykuł porusza tematykę reklamy napojów alkoholowych, czyniąc to w sposób od­mienny, aniżeli miało to do tej pory miejsce w doktrynie. Jego głównym celem jest udzielenie odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy regulacje prawne dotyczące reklamy napojów alkoholowych stanowią przejaw nierównego trak­towania przedsiębiorców zajmujących się produkcją napojów alkoholowych. W pracy wykorzystano metodę dogmatyczno-prawną. Aby zrealizować postawiony cel, konieczne było w pierwszej kolejności omówienie definicji pojęcia napojów alkoholowych, a następnie przeprowadzenie prawnej analizy ograniczeń i zakazów, jakie na mocy ustawy o wychowaniu w trzeźwości i przeciwdziałaniu alkoholizmowi zostały wprowadzone do polskiego porządku prawnego, zwłaszcza w stosunku do reklamy piwa, z jednoczesnym wykorzystaniem dok­tryny i orzecznictwa. Następnie przeanalizowane zakazy oraz ograniczenia przeniesiono na grunt zasady równ­ości wobec prawa i konstytucyjnego zakazu dyskryminacji. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań obroniono stanowisko, iż reklama piwa może stanowić przejaw nierównego traktowania przedsiębiorców wykonujących działalność gospodarczą w zakresie produkcji napojów alkoholowych innych niż piwo. Umożliwienie reklamo-wania jedynie piwa sprawia, że przedsiębiorcy produkujący inne napoje alkoholowe znajdują się w gorszej pozycji konkurencyjnej niż producenci piwa.
Ympäristöestetiikan tulevaisuus & esteettinen ympäristösivistys : elämäni esteetikkona
Authors: Sepänmaa Yrjö
Published: June 2023

Esseemuotoinen tutkielma on intellektuaalinen omaelämäkerta, elämänvaiheet taustakuvana. Teos koostuu kahdesta yhteen liittyvästä aihepiiristä ja osiosta: Ensimmäinen, Ympäristöestetiikan tulevaisuus, kuvaa nykymuotoisen ympäristöestetiikan muotoutumista, menetelmiä, ohjelmia ja kohteita sekä suhteita ympäristötieteisiin ja ympäristönmuutosten aiheuttamiin paineisiin. Mihin jo avatut polut tieteenalan johtavat, millaisia uusia avauksia on odotettavissa? Toinen, Esteettinen ympäristösivistys, käsittelee manifestin luonteisesti yksilön ja yhteiskunnan pyrkimystä hyvään elämään. Tavoitteeksi asettuu globaali, planetaarinen esteettinen sivistys. Puolikkaat yhdistämällä hahmottuu ympäristöestetiikan suuri kuva ja tiekartta. Tutkielma on ajatuskulkujen jäsentämistä ja tiivistämistä mutta myös tarkistamista ja uudistamista spiraalimaista kehää nousten. Näin kirjoittaja on uudelleenlukemassa ja päällekirjoittamassa tuotantoaan, tähtäimessä omapohjainen ja näkemyksellinen synteesi.
THE ARTISTIC CONCEPT OF “BOOK” IN THE CHRISTMAS STORIES FOR CHILDREN
Authors: MINICH L. , MYKHALCHUK T. ,   National University of Ostroh Academy
Published: June 2023

The article explores how the concept of a book is described in the Christmas stories for children, which were included in the collection called When the show smells like tangerines”, published by The Old Lion Publishing House, and “Who creates the Christmas” published by The Black Sheep Publishing House. Ukrainian scientists’ interest in exploring concepts’ problems has been growing significantly in recent years. Despite this, the concept of “book” has not yet been widely studied, which makes this scientific investigation relevant. After all, interest in the phenomenon of books and reading in the modern world is increasing among researchers from various scientific fields – teachers, sociologists, philosophers, literary critics. In the coordinates of modern Ukrainian literature for children and youth, authors are also increasingly updating the question of the presence of books in a modern child’s life. Therefore, the work aims to analyze the use of the “book” concept in Christmas stories for children. In the course of the research, taking into account the outlined thematic guidelines, it was found that the concept of “book” is actualized within the framework of stories for children in the light of associability with the holiday of Christmas, the Christmas tradition. This positively affects the formation of the linguistic picture of the world of young readers, understanding the importance of family values and traditions. The book becomes essential to the interaction between family members, the joy of joint reading, and gift-giving. Further study of the concept of “book” in Ukrainian literature for children and youth will open new horizons for interpreting the book phenomenon in general.