bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING AS A PROCESS OF SOCIALISATION
Authors: Shestopalova I.
Published: November 2019

The article is devoted to the problem of socialization of an individual in the process of studying a foreign language, which is a part of multicultural education and is considered as an important tool for a person’s adaptation in a multicultural society. The leading idea of the article is the assertion that foreign language as a discipline has a huge socializing potential, as in the process of studying a foreign language, not only in terms of the active development of inherent capabilities, abilities, initiative, independence, take place, but also, in terms of assimilating and activating the generally accepted in a society socio-cultural rules and moral norms, which play a crucial role in the process of socialization. Since the main goal of the educational process in foreign languages is the formation of high communicative skills, its contribution to the process of socialization of a person is indisputable. In this sense, the following characteristics of the learning process in a foreign language are important: the focus on communication, respect for the identity and culture of other people, the focus on social activities, the acquisition of social experience in solving life and social problems, and the creation of its own system of life priorities. The communicative method of teaching foreign languages is based on the fact that the learning process is a model of communication. The learning process in foreign languages is based on the linguistic partnership, creative collaboration, constant motivation of communication, based on a combination of such interconnected factors as activity, creativity, autonomy, individualization, which contribute to the intensification of cognitive and educational processes. That is, organization of training in the form of communication is the main methodological task of a modern teacher of foreign languages. It is this specificity of the discipline "foreign language" that is capable of effective implementing educational socialization, helping to complete the formation of the students' ability to communicate, co-exist and cooperate in the professional activities of people of different ethnic groups, the formation of a rich experience of social and cultural communication, which is a solid base for the involvement of learners to the global values of civilization.Key words: socialization; foreign language; multicultural education; polycultural person; professional socialization
Factors behind the Rise and Fall of Left-Wing Terrorism in Western Europe: The Cases of Rote Armee Fraktion and Brigate Rosse
Authors: Sönmez Göktuğ
Published: November 2019

The article discusses the
rise and fall of the two famous left-wing terrorist groups, namely Rote Armee
Fraktion and Brigate Rosse. After a brief discussion about left-wing extremism,
following sections will focus on each group in more detail. After these
sections, an analysis of commonalities and differences about their rise and fall
will be presented. It is expected that a causal mechanism will be fleshed out
not only regarding left-wing terrorist groups but also terrorist groups all
around the world regardless of their particular mind-set, which can both open
up space for future research and help devising more effective counter-terrorism
strategies.
Ensuring Good Faith in Arbitration Proceedings
Authors: Ilyichev P. A.
Published: November 2019

This article is devoted to some aspects of ensuring good faith in arbitration proceedings in civil cases within the framework of the arbitration procedure in terms of securing rights and legitimate interests of third parties who are not parties to arbitration with due regard to the reform of the arbitration courts law. The article analyzes the problem that takes place in law enforcement practice when parties involved in civil transactions to the detriment of rights and legally protected interests of third parties resort to arbitration proceedings and confirm an artificially created debt arising from a non-existing contractual obligation. On the basis of the scientific doctrine and jurisprudence analysis and with due regard to legal stances of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, the author proposes a set of measures aimed at preventing abuse of the right to arbitration proceedings, the content of which is reduced to the introduction of the principle of good faith directly into the norms of arbitration procedure legislation and an obligatory notarial form of the arbitration agreement when the cases are considered by arbitral tribunals set up by the parties to consider a dispute in question.
Parties Concerned in Cases of Recognition of an Individual as Missing and Deceased
Authors: Zakaryaeva M. M.
Published: November 2019

The article is devoted to the analysis of Art. 276 of the Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation, where it is stated that an application for recognizing an individual as missing or declaring him or her as dead is filed to court by the person concerned. The author considers the issue of correlation between the concepts "the person concerned" and "applicant," and concludes that a characteristic feature of "the person concerned" is the existence of a legal interest. In turn, the "applicant" having a legal interest, goes to court with the application for recognizing the individual as missing or declaring him or her as deceased because the applicant can not otherwise overcome the legal anomaly that has arisen due to the individual's long absence. Thus, the applicant is included into the number of the persons concerned. The author comes to the conclusion that an employer of a missing employee can act as an applicant in this category of cases. Also, it is necessary to refer the missing person to the persons concerned in order to notify him or her of the time and place of the court proceedings.
Procurement from the Sole Supplier
Authors: Abbyasova A. F.
Published: November 2019

Along with the Federal Law No. 44-FZ of April 5, 2013, "On the contract system in the sphere of procurement of goods, works and services to provide state and municipal needs" that regulates the procurement of wholly state-owned budget companies, the Federal Law of July18, 2011, № 223-FZ "On the procurement of goods, works, services by legal entities of certain types" regulating procurement of state-owned companies with state participation came into force on January 2, 2012, to meet state municipal needs. Having established only a number of peremptory norms, the legislator in Law No. 223-FZ limited himself to specifying general principles and objectives for performing such procurements, implying that buyers will independently regulate procurement issues in procurement clauses. The author concludes that the arguments that prompted the legislator to create only a framework law, have caused new problems associated with inefficient spending of funds when concluding a number of contracts with a single supplier (contructor, subcontractor).
Możliwości powstania nowych uzdrowisk na obszarach wiejskich. Kontekst krajowy i regionalny
Authors: Bernat Sebastian , Harasimiuk Marian
Published: November 2019

Kilkanaście miejscowości w Polsce od kilku lat czyni starania o uzyskanie statusu uzdrowiska. Wiąże się to nie tylko z ograniczeniami w prowadzeniu działalności gospodarczej, wynikającymi z konieczności zachowania wysokiej jakości środowiska, lecz także przynosi gminie określone korzyści materialne i pozamaterialne. To właśnie ze względu na korzyści status uzdrowiska coraz częściej staje się statusem pożądanym przez wiele gmin mających walory uzdrowiskowe. Celem badań, których wyniki przedstawiono w niniejszym artykule, było rozpoznanie stanu i możliwości rozwoju funkcji uzdrowiskowej na obszarach wiejskich w Polsce. W szczególności zwrócono uwagę na przykład województwa lubelskiego, będącego peryferyjnym regionem Unii Europejskiej. W tym celu przeanalizowano wybrane dokumenty planistyczno-strategiczne gmin typowanych jako potencjalne uzdrowiska w Planie Zagospodarowania Przestrzennego Województwa Lubelskiego. Ważną rolę odegrało studium przypadków na tle prezentacji kontekstu rozwoju uzdrowisk w Polsce, oparte na literaturze, aktach prawnych i danych GUS.
Examining Biology Teachers’ Perspectives about School Laboratory Facilities According to Different Variables
Authors: AKYIL Sadrettin , EFE Rıfat
Published: November 2019

Biyoloji öğretmenlerinin
laboratuvar yeterlikleri ile ilgili görüşlerinin incelendiği bu araştırma, Diyarbakır il
merkezindeki liselerde çalışan 86 biyoloji öğretmeni ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırma
verileri, geliştirilen “Laboratuvar Yeterlikleri Belirleme Ölçeği” ve
öğretmenlerle yapılan mülakatlar aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Nicel verilerin analizi SPSS 22 programı
yardımıyla yüzde, frekans, bağımsız örneklem t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi
(Anova) ve çoklu karşılaştırma testlerinden Scheffe testinden yararlanılarak,
nitel veriler ise içerik analizine göre analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma
sonuçlarına bağlı olarak araştırmaya katılan biyoloji öğretmenlerinin laboratuvar
yöntemini önemli buldukları ancak laboratuvar yeterlikleri ile ilgili
görüşlerinin düşük düzeyde kaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca biyoloji
öğretmenlerinin laboratuvar yeterlikleri ile ilgili görüşlerinin, mezun
oldukları yükseköğretim kurumu ve hizmet süresi değişkenlerinden etkilenmediği,
Erkek öğretmenlerin yeterlik görüşlerinin kadın öğretmenlerden daha yüksek
düzeyde olduğu ve fen liselerinde çalışan öğretmenlerin yeterlik görüşlerinin
diğer okul türlerinde çalışan öğretmenlere göre yüksek olduğu anlaşılmaktadır.
Splenic flexure mobilization is an essential role in laparoscopic low anterior resection!
Authors: Elmeligi Mohamed Hamed , Amar Mohamed Sabry , Nassar Mohammed Nazeeh Shaker
Published: November 2019

Background: Routine mobilization of splenic flexure whether partial or complete became an essential step in laparoscopic low anterior resections in order to perform an oncologic re­section and to achieve a safe, tension-free anastomosis.Methods: 60 patients with rectal cancer were operated by laparoscopic low anterior resection with high ligation of inferior mesenteric artery in general surgery department, Menoufia university hospital between February 2016 and January 2019. All patients were divided randomly into 2 equal groups based on the techniques used in splenic flexure mobilization whether partial (group A) or complete (group B).Results: The majority of our patients were male 56.6% and 60% in both groups respectively with mean age (54.6±8.8) years in group A and mean age (58.5±9.2) years in group B. The operative time was highly significant lower in group A (269±17.6 minutes) than group B (304±22.4 minutes) while the conversion rate was significantly higher in group B (26.6%) than group A (6.6%). Regarding the postoperative data there was only significantly higher leak from the anastomosis in group A (20%) than group B (3.3%).Conclusions: Complete splenic flexure offer better oncological outcome and low incidence of anastomotic leak but with higher conversion rate, prolonged operative time, more blood loss and more 30 day mortality rate. So it needs more time to gain more experience to overcome these disadvantages.
Two-stages using endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography procedures versus single stage laparoscopic management for concomitant gallstones and common bile duct stones
Authors: Aldardeer Ahmed Abdel Kahaar , Redwaan Alaa A.
Published: November 2019

Background: Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LECBD) has been proven to be a safe, reliable, and effective treatment for common bile duct (CBD) stones and has gained wider acceptance. Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP) followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is safe and efficient method that has been usually used for the treatment of bile duct stones. The aim of this study is to compare the outcome of management of concomitant gallstones and common bile duct by two stage (ERCP+LC) versus one stage (LECBD+LC).Methods: This study included 150 patients with concomitant gallstones and CBD stones who were treated at sohag university hospital from July 2017 to December 2018. Results were statistically analysed.Results: The success rates of laparoscopic CBD exploration and ERCP for clearance of CBD were similar (Group A 96% vs. Group B 97.3%). The mean operative time was significantly longer in-group A (125.7±36.6 min) vs. in-group B (82.4±27.6 min), Group A as regard intraoperative complications (one patient had hemorrhage) vs. group B (2 patients hemorrhage during lap. cholecystectomy). As for conversion to other procedure 2 patients for group A vs. 3 patients for group B (conversion of LC to open).Conclusions: Single and two-stage management for uncomplicated concomitant gallbladder and CBD stones had similar success and complication rates, but the single stage strategy was better in terms of shorter hospital stay, need for fewer procedures, less morbidity, and allows earlier recovery with a reduced period of short-term disability.
Endoscopic evaluation of dysphagia
Authors: Gupta Arun , Dall Tejinder Singh , Bansal Darpan
Published: November 2019

Background: Dysphagia basically means difficulty in swallowing. Dysphagia may result from structural or neuromuscular disorders of the esophagus. Endoscopy is the main indication for patients with dysphagia to determine the underlying etiology. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the plethora of disorders leading to dysphagia in this region of Punjab.Methods: The present study was carried out in the department of General Surgery at Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences And Research, Sri Amritsar. Gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed both on the patients admitted and those who presented at outpatient department. The diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy.Results: The sample consisted of 100 patients presenting with dysphagia. Total number of males were 42% and 58% females. It was found that the most common age group presenting with dysphagia was 41-60 years followed by 61-80 years. It was also observed that the most common cause of dysphagia was growth of esophagus (24%). Lower esophagus was most common site of lesion found in 30 (45%) of the patients. Squamous cell carcinoma was found in 52 (24%) of the patients. Maximum patients (84%) were of lower socioeconomic status. Dysphagia was more common in females as compared to males.Conclusions: It can be concluded that prevalence of dysphagia in Indian settings is more in the middle to the elderly age group with a female preponderance. Endoscopy plays an important role in detecting premalignant conditions leading to dysphagia.
Are rare hernias rarer: a ten-year observational study
Authors: Pande Tanmay , Yadav Arpan , Varghese B. K. , Gupta Anurakshat
Published: November 2019

Background: Hernia is one of the most common ailments encountered in general surgery practice. The inguinal hernia constitutes majority of cases. The available literature describes umbilical, femoral, lumbar, perineal and many others rarer varieties. Our preliminary observations indicated a changing scenario. With a view to ascertain it, investigations were made to find out the incidence of hernia with frequency data of different types and demographic details of patients during last decade at tertiary care teaching hospital in Pune and then comparing it with the existing literature.Methods: Ten years data from October 2008 to October 2018 of all the adult population suffering from hernia reporting to this center was collected from the archives of hospital records maintained in OPD, wards and the department.Results: Inguinal hernia was the most common constituting 76.9% of the total cases. The right side was more affected than the left side with 51.0% cases being on right side. This was followed by umbilical hernia, 12.26% of the total cases. Males were more affected than the females except in incisional hernia. Only two cases of spigelian hernia had undergone repair over last one decade. There were no cases of femoral hernia, lumbar hernia and perineal hernia encountered during the last ten years in this center.Conclusions: The relative frequency of the incidence of different types of hernia was inguinal, umbilical, epigastric; incisional which have been in descending order. In the last decade at this centre which is in contrast with hernia incidence ﬁgures quoted in common reference books and the available literature.
A new cannula for suction removal of parenchymal tissue of gynaecomastia
Authors: Gangegowda Mahesh Siddapura , Prakash Gagan S. , Ramaiah Balaji , S. M. Chetan Mali
Published: November 2019

Background: There are various surgical techniques that are available for surgical management of gynecomastia. The aim of the study was to evaluate the cosmetic results and patient satisfaction of a combined liposuction with excision for gynecomastia.Methods: Clinical records of patients affected by gynecomastia referred to our department between between 2015 and 2018 were analyzed, total of 23 patients were included in the study.Results: Overall 23 patients underwent surgery for gynecomastia in the study period, a total of 42 breasts were operated as most of the cases were bilateral in nature. 19 patients had bilateral presentation while 4 patients had unilateral presentation. 35 breasts (80%) were operated with a combined liposuction and excision. Liposuction addresses the fatty gynecomastia whereas open excision is used to remove the glandular enlargement. Four patients underwent excision alone as these patients had a firm retro-areolar lump that was suspicious for malignancy. Another four patients underwent liposuction alone.Conclusions: Surgery is the main stay of management of gynecomastia. Liposuction with excision has had the best outcome with good cosmetic results, acceptable complication rates and good patient satisfaction.
Clinical study and management of non-thyroidal neck swellings
Authors: Athavale Virendra , Balasubramanian Sree Kumar , Tonape Trupti , Khandalkar Shivamurti , Ramesh Keerti , Gogineni Jyotsna
Published: November 2019

Background: Swellings in the neck are common and are encountered frequently in General Surgery. A diagnosis may be possible based on clinical examination alone but, investigations are required to clarify the diagnosis and, to exclude a diagnosis of malignancy. With this background, the present study is conducted in an effort to find out the causes for non-thyroidal neck swellings, and to assess the various investigations and management available for treating these neck swellings.Methods: The study was conducted on newly diagnosed non thyroidal neck swelling cases coming to the Dept. of General Surgery, ENT, Oro- Maxillofacial and Pulmonary Medicine (OPD and IPD), Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pimpri, Pune. The study was conducted from July 2017 to July 2019. Data collection included history taking, clinical examination, and radiological investigation and histopathological examination by specific pathologist throughout the study. After confirmation of diagnosis, patients were subjected to further management.Results: Among 100 patients, male to female ratio was 1:1. The Mean age of the participants is 40.41±12.85 years. There was statistically significant association between tobacco addiction and malignant neck swelling. Considering HPE as gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) diagnosis is 81.8% and 100% respectively.Conclusions: The overwhelming amount of possible diseases linked to a swelling in the neck, makes it of utmost importance to follow a strict protocol for appropriate diagnosis making and prompt treatment so as to prevent diagnostic delay.
Blunt abdominal injury: a rare cause for delayed small bowel obstruction
Authors: Shahid Mohammed , Hanumanthaiah K. S. , Venkatesh S.
Published: November 2019

Blunt abdominal trauma is a cause of acute abdomen leading to visceral injury and shock. Intestinal obstruction though rare has been a known complication of blunt abdominal trauma. We present to a case of a blunt abdominal trauma leading to delayed intestinal obstruction 4 weeks after primary injury. We present to you a case of blunt abdominal trauma leading to delayed intestinal obstruction 4 weeks after primary injury.
Structural aspects of L-asparaginases, their friends and relations.
Authors: Michalska Karolina , Jaskolski Mariusz
Published: November 2019

Enzymes capable of converting L-asparagine to L-aspartate can be classified as bacterial-type or plant-type L-asparaginases. Bacterial-type L-asparaginases are further divided into subtypes I and II, defined by their intra-/extra-cellular localization, substrate affinity, and oligomeric form. Plant-type L-asparaginases are evolutionarily and structurally distinct from the bacterial-type enzymes. They function as potassium-dependent or -independent Ntn-hydrolases, similar to the well characterized aspartylglucosaminidases with (alphabeta)2 oligomeric structure. The review discusses the structural aspects of both types of L-asparaginases and highlights some peculiarities of their catalytic mechanisms. The bacterial-type enzymes are believed to have a disordered active site which gets properly organized on substrate binding. The plant-type enzymes, which are more active as isoaspartyl aminopeptidases, pose a chemical challenge common to other Ntn-hydrolases, which is how an N-terminal nucleophile can activate itself or cleave its own alpha-amide bond before the activation is even possible. The K+ -independent plant-type L-asparaginases show an unusual sodium coordination by main-chain carbonyl groups and have a key arginine residue which by sensing the arrangement at the oligomeric (alphabeta)-(alphabeta) interface is able to discriminate among substrates presented for hydrolysis.
Oxidative damage to DNA and antioxidant status in aging and age-related diseases.
Authors: Olinski Ryszard , Siomek Agnieszka , Rozalski Rafal , Gackowski Daniel , Foksinski Marek , Guz Jolanta , Dziaman Tomasz , Szpila Anna , Tudek Barbara
Published: November 2019

Aging is a complex process involving morphologic and biochemical changes in single cells and in the whole organism. One of the most popular explanations of how aging occurs at the molecular level is the oxidative stress hypothesis. Oxidative stress leads in many cases to an age-dependent increase in the cellular level of oxidatively modified macromolecules including DNA, and it is this increase which has been linked to various pathological conditions, such as aging, carcinogenesis, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. It is, however, possible that a number of short-comings associated with gaps in our knowledge may be responsible for the failure to produce definite results when applied to understanding the role of DNA damage in aging and age-related diseases.
The effect of indole-3-carbinol on the expression of CYP1A1, CYP1B1 and AhR genes and proliferation of MCF-7 cells.
Authors: Ociepa-Zawal Marta , Rubiś Błazej , Laciński Mariusz , Trzeciak Wiesław H
Published: November 2019

The influence of an antiestrogen, indole-3-carbinol (I3C) on the expression of CYP1A1, CYP1B1 and AhR genes was investigated in an attempt to establish whether I3C could increase the expression of genes involved in estrone metabolism. Another purpose was to examine the proliferation of an estrogen-dependent breast cancer cell (MCF-7 line) under the influence of I3C and both I3C and DDT. In MCF-7 cells incubated with I3C or I3C and DDT combined, quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed a significant increase in the level of CYP1A1, AhR, and CYP1B1 transcripts. The proliferation rate of MCF-7 cells was increased by treatment with DDT or estradiol (E2), whereas I3C did not affect the proliferation of MCF-7 cells but greatly reduced the stimulatory effect of DDT, and abolished the effect of E2. The level of p21 transcript, encoding p21 protein involved in the cell cycle, was increased several-fold by I3C comparing to its level in cells incubated with estradiol or DDT. The results suggest that the proliferation of MCF-7 cells is accompanied not only by expression of genes encoding cytochromes involved in estrogen metabolism, but also by changes in the expression of other genes including that encoding p21 protein involved in the cell cycle.
Compensar ou monitorar os executivos?
Authors: Granzotto Alberto , Bernardi Sonza Igor
Published: November 2019

A literatura prediz duas principais formas de mitigar os conflitos de agência que surgem pela separação do controle e da propriedade, porém não aponta qual seria o mais apropriado. Assim, o presente estudo buscou identificar a eficiência dos mecanismos de governança corporativa, em se tratando de compensação aos executivos (incentivos explícitos e implícitos) e monitoramento (conselho de administração), na resolução dos conflitos de agência, entre os executivos principais e os acionistas de empresas de capital aberto brasileiras. Para isso, foram aplicados modelos dinâmicos de regressão linear múltipla, estimados pelo Método dos Momentos Generalizados Sistêmico (GMM-Sys), em um painel de dados não balanceado para 42 empresas, de 1999 a 2016. Identificou-se que o monitoramento é o meio mais eficiente para mitigar os problemas de agência, em que os conselheiros são agentes ativos no processo de verificação das ações dos executivos, gerando resultados consistentes que afetam positivamente o desempenho. Este estudo coloca à prova a prerrogativa de que o conselho de administração é “figurativo” no Brasil, tendo um desempenho significativo no monitoramento.
The Status of EMDR Therapy in the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder 30 Years After Its Introduction
Authors: de Jongh Ad , Amann Benedikt L. , Hofmann Arne , Farrell Derek , Lee Christopher W.
Published: November 2019

Given that 2019 marks the 30th anniversary of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy, the purpose of this article is to summarize the current empirical evidence in support of EMDR therapy as an effective treatment intervention for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Currently, there are more than 30 randomized controlled trials (RCT) demonstrating the effectiveness in patients with this debilitating mental health condition, thus providing a robust evidence base for EMDR therapy as a first-choice treatment for PTSD. Results from several meta-analyses further suggest that EMDR therapy is equally effective as its most important trauma-focused comparator, that is, trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy, albeit there are indications from some studies that EMDR therapy might be more efficient and cost-effective. There is emerging evidence showing that EMDR treatment of patients with psychiatric disorders, such as psychosis, in which PTSD is comorbid, is also safe, effective, and efficacious. In addition to future well-crafted RCTs in areas such as combat-related PTSD and psychiatric disorders with comorbid PTSD, RCTs with PTSD as the primary diagnosis remain pivotal in further demonstrating EMDR therapy as a robust treatment intervention.
Étude de l’influence des facteurs du milieu sur la croissance et la production du liège de la suberaie du Parc national de Theniet El Had (Tissemsilt, Algérie)
Authors: Naggar Oumeldjilali , Bouhraoua Rachid Tarik , Torres Enrique , Zedek Mohamed
Published: November 2019

La variation des capacités de production de liège en relation avec les facteurs du milieu a été évaluée à partir de 53 placettes temporaires installées (763 arbres) dans la forêt montagneuse de chêne-liège du Parc national de Teniet El Had (Algérie). Trois paramètres de production sont retenus : l’épaisseur (mm/an), le rendement d’un arbre moyen (kg) et la productivité d’un peuplement (kg/ha). Le présent travail montre l’effet des principaux facteurs du milieu sur l’épaisseur et la production de liège, identifié à partir de modèles linéaires généralisés. Les résultats ont montré que la croissance du liège est lente (2,8 mm/an) et qu’elle est davantage affectée par des variables propres à l’arbre (état de santé, diamètre et hauteur d’écorçage) que par les sites (exposition). Cependant, le rendement est influencé par les conditions de croissance des arbres, exprimées par leur hauteur totale mais aussi par leur état de santé. À l’échelle des peuplements, deux qualités de sites sont proposées en fonction de la valeur de la hauteur dominante exprimée par le modèle : d’une part, les sites de bonne qualité (Hd > 10 m ; 2 900 kg/ha) caractérisés par des arbres de bonne croissance en largeur et, d’autre part, les sites de mauvaise qualité avec une productivité réduite de plus de moitié (Hd < 10 m ; 1 700 kg/ha). Ces résultats fournissent une orientation de gestion permettant au forestier de planifier la récolte de liège de sa forêt selon la rotation pratiquée et la qualité de la planche recherchée.
Anterior crossbite malocclusion
Authors: Lira Ana de Lourdes Sá de , Fonseca Guilherme Henrique Alves da
Published: November 2019

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of anterior crossbite and to verify the effectiveness of the orthodontic appliance Inclined Plane in the correction of this malocclusion. Methods: The clinical examination was performed 702 children in the deciduous or mixed dentition of 7 schools and in those found the anterior crossbite was performed treatment with fixed Inclined Plane. Results: The prevalence of the anterior crossbite was 2.14%, characterizing 15 of the 702 children evaluated, of which 60% were female and 40% male, all of which were dental crossbites. Only 12 accepted the treatment with an average duration of 4.4 weeks. Conclusion: The prevalence of anterior crossbite was 2.14%. The inclined plane proved to be a viable and effective therapy in the correction of anterior crossbite. It is one of the options of the orthodontic treatment in patients in the deciduous or mixed dentition, propitiating greater possibility of dentoskeletal development, since the malocclusion is corrected. However this method needs to be correctly indicated and its execution technique rigorously followed.
Color stability of nanohybrid composite resins in drinks
Authors: Faraoni Juliana Jendiroba , Quero Isabela Barbosa , Schiavuzzo Lívia Semedo , Palma-Dibb Regina Guenka
Published: November 2019

Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of solutions on the color stability of nanohybrid composite resins. Methods: The experimental sample consisted of 90 composite specimens (Beautifil II; Z350XT; Premisa), divided into three subgroups (n=10) according to the solutions (matte tea; lemon flavor isotonic drink; artificial saliva). The specimens were immersed in the solutions (5 mL/specimen) while stirring for 5 minutes, four times a day, with 1-hour intervals, repeated for 15 days. The color of the specimens was analyzed before (baseline) and after the 15th day of cycling using the CIELAB system. Data were analyzed using the two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test (α=5%). Results: Different behaviors were observed among resins. Beautifil II presented the highest color change (∆E=4.18) and less color stability, statistically different from the others (p<.05). The solutions also presented different behaviors. The lemon flavor isotonic drink (∆E=3.95) promoted the highest color change, statistically different from saliva (∆E=2.75; p<.05). The interaction between Beautifil II and isotonic drink became even more evident and significant (p<.05). Conclusion: The isotonic drink is the solution that most affected the resins, and Beautifil II presents the worst color stability.
An Analysis of Electricity Consumption Patterns in the Water and Wastewater Sectors in South East England, UK
Authors: Majid Aman , Cardenes Iliana , Zorn Conrad , Russell Tom , Colquhoun Keith , Bañares-Alcántara René , Hall Jim W.
Published: November 2019

The water and wastewater sectors are energy-intensive, and so a growing number of utility companies are seeking to identify opportunities to reduce energy use. Though England’s water sector is of international interest, in particular due to the early experience with privatisation, for the time being very little published data on energy usage exists. We analyse telemetry data from Thames Water Utilities Ltd. (TWUL), which is the largest water and wastewater company in the UK and serves one of the largest mega-cities in the world, London. In our analysis, we (1) break down sectoral energy use into their components, (2) present a statistical method to analyse the long-term trends in use, as well as the seasonality and irregular effects in the data, (3) derive energy-intensity (kWh m3) figures for the system, and (4) compare the energy-intensity of the network against other regions in the world. Our results show that electricity use grew during the period 2009 to 2014 due to capacity expansions to deal with growing water demand and storm water flooding. The energy-intensity of the system is within the range of reported figures for systems in other OECD countries. Plans to improve the efficiency of the system could yield benefits in lower the energy-intensity, but the overall energy saving would be temporary as external pressures from population and climate change are driving up water and energy use.
SUAS Based Multispectral Imagery for Monitoring Wetland Inundation and Vegetation
Authors: Dehm Dustin , Becker Richard , Godre Alexandra
Published: November 2019

Mapping short-term wetland vegetation and water storage changes is valuable for monitoring the biogeochemical processes of wetland systems. Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve is a dynamic freshwater estuary which experiences intermittent changes in water level over the course of a year. Small unmanned aerial systems (sUAS) are useful tools in monitoring changes as they are rapidly deployed, repeatable, and high-resolution. In this study, commercial quadcopters were paired with a red/green/near-infrared MAPIR Survey 3W camera to produce normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and normalized difference water index (NDWI) maps to observe short-term changes at OWC. Orthomosaics were produced for flights on 8 days throughout 2018 and early 2019. The orthomosaics were calibrated to bottom-of-atmosphere reflectance using the Empirical Line Correction method, after which NDVI and NDWI maps were created. The NDVI maps allowed vegetation extent and density changes over time and for National Estuarine Reserve System (NERRS) Classification Codes to be applied to zones of interest. NDWI provided water extent at different water levels and when paired with LiDAR and bathymetric data yielded water volume and residence time estimates.
PENGGUNAAN RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY PADA OPTIMASI PROSES PENGOLAHAN BAWANG MERAH IRIS IN BRINE
Authors: Ratnaningsih NFN , Vidiantika Desty , Sukasih Ermi , Setyadjit NFN
Published: November 2019

Bawang merah merupakan komoditas hortikultura yang mudah rusak dan terkadang mengalami kelangkaan di pasaran. Hal ini menimbulkan masalah serius, seperti harga yang fluktuatif dan terjadinya inflasi. Citarasa bawang merah yang khas menyebabkan keberadaannya dipandang penting oleh masyarakat. Untuk mengatasi tidak kontinunya stok bawang merah di pasaran, perlu dilakukan pengolahan minimal proses, seperti pengolahan bawang merah iris in brine. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan kondisi optimum proses pembuatan bawang merah iris in brine. Optimasi proses dilakukan menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Pengolahan data menggunakan Program Design Expert 7.0 dengan tiga faktor, yaitu X1 (konsentrasi garam, %), X2 (konsentrasi asam sitrat, %) dan X3 (lama pemanasan, menit). Hasil optimal diperoleh pada kondisi konsentrasi garam 2,5%, asam sitrat 0,73% dan lama pemanasan 5 menit. Bawang merah iris in brine hasil optimasi memiliki nilai Aw 0,895; nilai chroma 16,97; pH 3,47; total padatan terlarut (TPT) 7,84 ᵒBrix dengan kandungan antosianin 20,21 ppm, kandungan senyawa volatil 91,30 ppm dan aktivitas antioksidan 154,25 ppm.

 

The use of Response Surface Methodology on optimization of in brine shallot slices production

Shallot is a horticultural commodity that easily damaged and sometimes become scarcity in the market. This triggered serious problems, such as fluctuating prices and inflation. Typical of shallot flavor causes its existences to be considered as important by society. To overcome the uncontinuous stock of shallot in the market, it is necessary to process shallot using minimal processing, such as shallot slices in brine. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum condition of the shallot slices in brine making process. Optimization of the prosess was done using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Data were processed using Design Expert 7.0, with three factors, namely X1 (salt concentration,%), X2 (citric acid concentration,%) and X3 (duration of heating, minutes). The optimization result was 0.75% citric acid concentration, 2.5% salt concentration and 5 minutes of heating time. The resulting shallot slices in brine has 0.895 of Aw value; 16.97 of Chroma value; 3.47 of pH; 7.84oBrix of total soluble solid (TSS); 20.21 ppm of anthocyanin content; 91.30 ppm of volatile reducing substances (VRS); and 154.25 ppm of antioxidant activity.
Well Abandonment and Subsequent Elimination of Sustained B-Annulus Pressure: A Case Study
Authors: Saikia Partha Protim , Dutta Udai Anand , Gogoi Porag , Maut Partha Protim , Pathak Diganta , Tumung Ranjit , Dutta Hiranya Kumar
Published: November 2019

Maintaining well integrity during well life cycle plays a significant role in the life of a well. Sustained casing pressure (SCP) or Sustained annulus pressure (SAP) in oil and gas wells can result in leakage of the well fluid in undesired regions of the well. Failure to control or manage Annuli pressure may result in uncontrolled release of high-pressure hydrocarbon fluids from formation to the surface thereby leading to significant safety issues and environmental damage.

The Exploratory Well A of Oil India Limited, in the western Block of the Baghjan Structure, was drilled to a measured depth of 4485 m as a J-Bend well and was completed in 4462-m Langpar Sand through perforation in the range 4462.0 m – 4464.0 m in May 2016 after completion with permanent packer. After few days of production testing gradual increase of pressure in the B annulus was observed although there was not any pressure at A- annulus indicating communication behind B annulus casing. Moreover sand, silt, stones and pebbles up to the size of 1.5 cm along with well fluid was observed at the control head. Subsequently, caving level was checked and found at 15 m from surface. Placing adequate well barriers to mitigate sustained annulus pressure became extremely challenging as killing methods viz circulation, bull-heading etc. did not show any encouraging results. CTU operation for wellbore cleaning/ killing was a no-no with available resources for the sizes of stone/pebbles in the bore. Owing to various well integrity issues it was decided to plug and abandon the well, however, with alternate methodology/approach as conventional methods won't yield.

This paper discusses the details of workflow, design, surface arrangement, fluid selection, well control method deployed to subdue the well and subsequent successful abandonment of the well, mitigating sustained annulus pressure issue in a cost effective manner. The abandonment plan was designed on the basis of uncertainties in sub surface well condition, hazard identification, environmental impact and regulatory requirement. This paper also details the different approaches adopted for P&A and step by step plan vis-à-vis actual scenario combined with calculated risks encountered during the execution phase.

As drilling and completion of exploratory wells are expensive, it is critical to identify any well integrity issues and place adequate well barriers in the most-suitable manner to ensure environmental protection as per regulatory requirement. We addressed this, through a customized workflow for design and placement of well barriers eliminating sustain annulus pressure and subsequent successful plug and abandonment using the available cost effective resources.
Challengeable Engineering Design of a Deck for Coiled Tubing Well Abandonment on a Dynamic Positioning Barge
Authors: Bahrami Esmaeil , Seyednia Mahbod , Mosallaie Barzoki Ali Akbar , Zangenehvar Alireza , Rabbani Seyedebrahim
Published: November 2019

Ship collision with offshore platform is one of the rare events in oil and gas industry and generally associates with huge physical and financial damage. An oil tanker collided with a jacket in the South Pars gas field and caused tough conditions for the operator to restore the jacket and wells to their original state. The crucial stages after the accident were killing a perforated well, wreck removal and cutting the wells below the section they had been bent or distorted and finally the wells abandonment by cementing coiled tubing operation on a dynamic positioning barge.

This paper focus on engineering design of a platform for coiled tubing injector head and pressure control equipment on the barge as well as finding a way that coiled tubing string pass through the gap between the platform and the underwater cut point of wells. For this purpose, a deck was proposed to build on the barge having a heavy duty flexible steel pipe extended from the deck to inside the wells cut point.

Various measures should be implemented to design this structure in order to have an operational safe method. The structure had to have sufficient strength to resist the forces applied on it especially during the operation in the predominant weather condition of Persian Gulf in the monsoon season. Therefore, a comprehensive study was conducted to determine stresses applied on the structure subjected to different types of wave velocities using finite element method.

The engineering design and simulation led to construct the proposed deck extending over the port side of the barge and elevating between the main deck and mezzanine deck with a long 4" flexible steel pipe at its bottom. In order to verify the engineering design and simulation before the operation, the structure load tested up to 40 metric tons.

This paper will peer over the challengeable engineering design of the deck for coiled tubing well abandonment under the condition of insufficient offshore facility.
Abandonment Roadmap from Operator's Perspective
Authors: Rusman Liyana , Foong Brian, Hua , Hamid Marklin , Wong Kang Yuon , Maluan Lilihani , Abdussalam Khomeini , Kamis Azman Ahmat
Published: November 2019

Abandonment is becoming a major focus as an operator and also by regulators with a single prominent objective – to reduce its overall operation expenditure. From an operator's perspective, striking balance between abandonment expenditures asset integrity, regulator's requirement and funding for growth projects is key to ensure safe & reliable operations, sustained growth and profatibility.

Sarawak Oil (SK Oil) is a brownfield operator with a huge number of legacy asset; some reaching more than 40 years of age. These assets are constantly being monitored closely for any integrity issue that might emerge due to assets operating beyond their original design life. There is also major development project currently on going which requires huge investments each year. These projects are vital to sustain the positive cash flow for SK Oil operations. Thus, there is a need to diligently balance between the expenditure for growth projects, routine operations and abandonment activities.

In view of the business & operational requirements, a comprehensive abandonment execution outlook, stretching out until the end of field life was developed. The main consideration is the total free cash flow taking into account investments for development projects. The basic formula isOperating Cash Flow minus Capital expenditure where the balance will be used to fund abandonment activities. Another key consideration is the stakeholder management, agreement and consensus have to be met with these partners as well. Thus, the phasing strategy is crucial in determining the prioritization of the candidates which are due for abandonment to ensure minimal cash outflow for a non-cash generating activity.

SK Oil has developed an abandonment roadmap which narrows down to the next five (5) years abandonment outlook. This roadmap has been presented to the regulator and has been agreed upon. Thus, this five (5) years abandonment outlook will be a guiding principle to plan for the actual abandonment execution.

This paper is intended to highlight the approach in developing an abandonment database and key criteria that has been considered to phase out the abandonment activities. This paper is beneficial to operators that manage a huge high number of assets with mostly aging facilities, which need to be abandoned in order to reduce the operating expenditure in the long run.
Lessons Learnt from Ospar and the North Sea: The Importance of Establishing a Regional Decommissioning Agreement in the South China Sea Region
Authors: Tung Aaron , Otto Claus
Published: November 2019

The United Kingdom Continental Shelf (UKCS) is a very mature hydrocarbon basin, and it is currently beginning to experience the full complexity associated with decommissioning. The UKCS region is also subjected to what most would acknowledge is the most developed set of regional arrangements in the shape of Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR).

Notwithstanding the degree of regional agreement in relation to decommissioning, an emergent insight from the current study in the UKCS is that there are significant issues that remain unresolved, which can be categorized into four main categories: Uncertainties of Regulatory ResponsibilitiesIssues Related to Cross Boundary OperationsIssues Regarding Long Term LiabilityCommercial Issues Across Boundaries

This finding has implications for other parts of the world that will have to face the challenges of decommissioning in the coming years, especially where they have not yet developed regional arrangements. Perhaps most challenging in this last regard will be the South China Sea given its history of contested island and maritime claims among several sovereign states within the region (Buszynski 2012).

In comparison with the North Sea, the geographical make-up of the South China Sea is much more complicated and there are many more countries sharing maritime borders in the region, making these potential offshore decommissioning issues more likely to occur. It is thus important for a regional offshore decommissioning agreement to be in placed in the South China Sea region to act both as a guideline and a dispute resolution mechanism in an event that disputes were to occur during offshore decommissioning operations.

This paper will highlight the 4 emerging areas of concern (as mentioned above) in offshore decommissioning in the UKCS to suggests that the countries in the South China Sea region could usefully have these in mind as they move to develop regional decommissioning arrangements. Primary qualitative data obtained from the semi-structured interviews will be used in this paper to highlight the concerns on offshore decommissioning in the UKCS while secondary data and literature will be used to link the 2 regions together to demonstrate the need for a consideration of a development of a regional decommissioning agreement in the South China Sea region.
Determining Environmentally Superior Decommissioning Options for Hard and Flexible Pipelines
Authors: Krause Paul , Baquiran Juliane
Published: November 2019

The decommissioning of offshore fields includes pipelines, flexible flowlines, umbilical lines, and other subsea infrastructure. Decommissioning decision makers often need to determine the best and most practicable options for these structures, including leave-in-place strategies or removal. Collectively, pipelines can be constructed from several different materials, including steel and plastics, and other metals (i.e., stainless steel and copper). This study presents results from several evaluations of pipelines, flowlines and power cables using state-of the science methods such as NEBA, HHERA, and CEA to support the determination of the environmentally superior decommissioning options.