bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Actividad física y TDAH: evidencia sobre el desarrollo, efectos neurocognitivos a corto y largo plazo y sus aplicaciones
Authors: Bustamante Eduardo Esteban , Santiago-Rodriguez Maria Enid , Ramer Jared Donald , Balbim Guilherme Moraes , Mehta Tara Gisela , Frazier Stacy Lynn
Published: September 2019

PROBLEMA: El trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH) está caracterizado por retrasos en el desarrollo neurobiológico. La actividad física (AF) puede influir en varios de los mecanismos neurocognitivos que también son afectados por el TDAH, por lo tanto, puede considerarse parte del tratamiento y manejo del TDAH. Esta revisión sobre TDAH resumirá estudios que evaluaron AF, aptitud física y coordinación motora. CRITERIOS DE INCLUSIÓN/EXCLUSIÓN: Fueron incluidos artículos sobre AF en la niñez en el espectro de TDAH. RESULTADOS: Estudios transversales: los niños con TDAH  presentan niveles de AF más altos que aquellos niños aparentemente saludables. La niñez coincide con oportunidades para participar en juego libre, pero esta ventaja es reducida durante la adolescencia, en la cual la AF es estructurada y menos inclusiva. Durante la adultez, las personas con TDAH están más propensas a ser obesas y a no adoptar las recomendaciones de estilos de vida saludables. Estudios longitudinales: AF durante etapas tempranas predice la severidad de los síntomas del TDAH en etapas subsecuentes. Otros estudios: la AF moderada de corta duración brinda beneficios neurocognitivos. Los resultados sobre intervenciones de varias semanas difieren según la variable de interés y el grupo con el cual es comparada la intervención. CONCLUSIÓN/IMPLICACIONES: Las intervenciones de AF que retan las habilidades cognitivas y destrezas de movimientos  brindan beneficios a los niños con TDAH. Además, estimulan a niños, niñas y adolescentes a participar en AF estructurada, a cumplir con la recomendación de AF y a incluir AF de corta duración como parte de las rutinas diarias.
Chaetopterus antarcticus (Polychaeta: Chaetopteridae) in Argentinian shelf scallop beds: from infaunal to epifaunal life habits
Authors: Bremec Claudia S. , Schejter Laura
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT. Introduction: The shelf-break frontal area in the Argentine Sea, between 37º S and 40º S, is characterized by high frequency and abundance of the parchment worm Chaetopterus antarcticus Kinberg, 1866 associated to Zygochlamys patagonica scallop beds. This polychaete was usually collected within its U tubes, typical of infaunal habit. During 2007, a surprising massive settlement of worms on scallops was observed. Objective: Our objectives is to report the variability of life habits of C. antarcticus in scallop grounds distributed between 37º S and 40º S in Argentinean waters. Methods: The presence of the parchment tube worms on Z. patagonica was analyzed in 892 scallops coming from three samples collected in September (previously obtained for other purposes) and November 2007 and April 2008, between 99-106 m depth in Management Unit B (16.186 km2, 38º S - 39º 52’ S). Polychaetes were identified and quantified on both valves. In addition, both epibiont and infaunal worms were registered through time. The settlement of C. antarcticus on scallops was monitored during the period 2007-2015 and the presence of free tubes, both empty and inhabited by worms, were registered during the period 2008-2015 from a total of 374 representative subsamples (10 l) collected with trawling tools between 37º S and 40º S. Results: Scallops collected in 2007 and 2008 showed that 468 (> 50 %) specimens were encrusted; in 66 % (311 specimens) of them C. antarcticus was settled. The temporal analysis showed that the spatial distribution of epibiotic worms decreased in 2009, 2010 and 2012, with its total absence in 2013, 2014 and 2015 in the study area. During the period 2007 - 2015, infaunal worms were registered throughout the area, collected in part of the locations monitored. Conclusions: The variability of life habits of C. antarcticus was not commonly registered previously in the study area; epibiotic behavior could be the result of intensive soft sediment disturbance due to trawling and hence, the selection of other available primary settlement substrate.
Efecto de la temperatura y salinidad en la mortalidad de adultos de Capitella sp. (Polychaeta: Capitellidae) en el laboratorio
Authors: Herrera-Perez Melissa , Méndez Nuria
Published: September 2019

Introducción: El poliqueto marino y estuarino Capitella capitata es una especie endobentónica y considerado cosmopolita. El cultivo en el laboratorio de este complejo de especies permite su utilización como especie para pruebas en bioensayos de toxicidad, así como para estudios de reproducción. Objetivo: El presente trabajo pretende observar la mortalidad en dos rangos de temperatura y salinidad como condiciones óptimas para cultivar Capitella sp. en el laboratorio. Metodología: La recolección de especímenes se realizó en la provincia de Callao, Perú en noviembre de 2016 y enero de 2017. Se realizó un bioensayo para observar la mortalidad bajo diferentes intervalos de temperatura y salinidad: tratamiento 1 con los organismos recolectados en enero y con intervalos de temperatura (20-22° C) y salinidad (30-32 ups) similares a los registrados en el campo; tratamiento 2, con los organismos recolectados en noviembre y con intervalos de temperatura (24-26 °C) y salinidad (32 a 34 ups) seleccionados de acuerdo con datos de la bibliografía. Resultados: El aumento de la temperatura y el tiempo influyeron significativamente en la mortalidad de los organismos de ambos tratamientos (Correlación de Spearman), mientras que la salinidad y el oxígeno no presentaron correlación significativa con la mortalidad. Se observó efecto significativo del tiempo en la mortalidad, con más muertes a partir de la segunda mitad del experimento. Los organismos del tratamiento 1, con condiciones ambientales similares a las de su hábitat sobrevivieron más que los del tratamiento 2. Estos resultados también se observaron en la variabilidad porcentual en el coeficiente de variación entre los días por tratamiento. No se observaron diferencias entre los tratamientos al comparar las curvas acumuladas de mortalidad. Conclusión: Los intervalos óptimos para el cultivo en el laboratorio de Capitella sp. son los de su hábitat. Las posibles causas de la mortalidad observada se atribuyen, además de la temperatura y el tiempo, a la edad, estado de salud o de madurez de los organismos y, probablemente, la mala calidad del agua utilizada en el bioensayo.
Protocirrineris (Polychaeta:Cirratulidae) in South Africa and description of two new species
Authors: Elías Rodolfo , Saracho-Bottero María Andrea , Simon Carol Anne
Published: September 2019

Introduction: The knowledge of polychaetes in the subtropical region of Africa benefited from the activity of J. Day. However, 50 years after the publication of his Monograph of the Polychaeta of southern Africa, it is necessary to reconsider the identity of the Cirratulidae due to changes in the diagnostic characters and new approaches to the taxonomy of the group to corroborate the status of cosmopolitan species in this region. Objective: We hypothesize that biodiversity of multitentacular Cirratulidae polychaetes has been significantly underestimated in southern Africa. Methods: The present work analyzes material deposited in the Iziko museum, as well as recently collected specimens, using scanning electron microscope to identify them. Results: The material corresponds to two new species belonging to the genus Protocirrineris. Protocirrineris strandloperarum sp. nov. is characterized by having the tentacular filaments between the chaetigers 5 to 10-12 and the first pair of branchiae from chaetiger 7, and P. magalhaesi sp. nov. is characterized by having tentacular filaments between chaetigers 4-8 and the first pair of branchiae from chaetigers 2 or 3. Descriptions of these species, with light and scanning electron microscope images, are given. Schematic drawings of the two new species are shown comparatively with diagnostic characters. Conclusions: The use of new techniques enables discovery of new taxonomic characters and two new species of the genus. The diversity of Cirratulidae polychaetes is underestimated also in the subtropical and tropical regions of Africa.
Two new species of Protocirrineris (Polychaeta: Cirratulidae) from Brazil
Authors: Elías Rodolfo , Saracho-Bottero María A. , Magalhães Wagner F.
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Brazil has more than 8 000 km of coastline but its marine invertebrates are still poorly known. The cirratulid polychaetes have been an especially neglected group because of its challenging taxonomy. Objective: to describe a new species of Protocirrineris. Methods: In a recent survey in two of the largest Brazilian bays, Todos os Santos Bay and Camamu Bay, 84 specimens of four morphotypes of the multitentaculate genus Protocirrineris were collected. Because of the lack of modified chaetae, the taxonomy of Protocirrineris is challenging and only two of these morphotypes are herein described as new species. Results: These two new species are characterized by having tentacular filaments in two groups over chaetigers 3-4 and first branchiae present from chaetiger 1. They differ from each other in relation to the nature of the achaetigerous region, posterior region, ultrastructure of capillary chaetae and methyl green staining pattern. Two incomplete specimens are also considered as Protocirrineris, and brief descriptions are given. Conclusions: The genus Protocirrineris is cited for the first time in Brazil. Four new morphotypes were found in two large estuaries of Brazil, and two new species are formally described.
Variación espacio-temporal de diversidad y densidad de los poliquetos pelágicos en la Bahía de Acapulco, Guerrero, México
Authors: Fernández-Álamo M. A. , Gálvez-Zeferino N. , Roa-Venicio M. , Rojas-Herrera A.
Published: September 2019

Introducción: Desde un punto de vista global, los poliquetos que habitan en la comunidad pelágica han sido poco estudiados, aunque son un eslabón importante en las cadenas alimentarias de los ecosistemas marinos. Objetivo: Este trabajo contribuye al conocimiento de esta importante comunidad, analizando la riqueza y la densidad de los poliquetos. Métodos: Las muestras de plancton se tomaron en 17 localidades durante mayo y diciembre de 2013 en el área de estudio, mediante arrastres superficiales en una embarcación con un motor fuera de borda. Utilizamos una red con un diámetro de boca de 0.3 m, una longitud de 1.30 m y una abertura de malla de 0.3 mm. De cada muestra recolectada, los poliquetos se separaron y determinaron al nivel taxonómico más bajo posible. Resultados: Cuantificamos un total de 1873 individuos, con una variación importante en la densidad relativa, ya que en mayo se registraron 7 952.0 ind/100m3, mientras que en diciembre solo hubo 882.1 ind/100m3. Se analizaron las diferencias en la composición y densidad de los poliquetos determinados, de los cuales la proporción más alta pertenece a las formas larvales de las poblaciones bentónicas (meroplancton) y la más baja a los organismos del holoplancton. Durante los dos periodos de estudio se observaron trece familias, de las cuales, Sabellariidae, Spionidae, Chaetopteridae, Magelonidae, Iospilidae y Typhloscolecidae fueron comunes en ambos periodos, mientras que Aphroditidae, Syllidae, Phyllodocidae y Alciopidae fueron exclusivas de mayo y Serpullidae, Sabellidae y Lopadorhynchidae solo se encontraron en diciembre. Conclusiones: Es importante señalar que las variaciones observadas proporcionan valiosa información sobre los ciclos de vida y los aspectos biogeográficos de los poliquetos en el área de estudio.
Polychaete assemblages in a tropical hypersaline coastal lagoon of the southeastern Gulf of Mexico during the rainy season
Authors: Dávila-Jiménez Yasmín , Papiol Vanesa , Hernández-Alcántara Pablo , Enriquez Cecilia , Sauma-Castillo Luis , Chiappa-Carrara Xavier
Published: September 2019

Introduction: The Río Lagartos lagoon, located in the Ría Lagartos Biosphere Reserve, Yucatán, Gulf of Mexico, is a coastal hypersaline system ca. 80 km long (east-west). It comprises three basins: western (close to Río Lagartos fishermen village), middle (Las Coloradas) and eastern (close to El Cuyo fishermen village), that communicate through very narrow natural channels. Despite several studies have been performed on the vertebrate fauna, the aquatic invertebrates, and especially polychaetes, remain largely unknown. Objective: The objective of this study is to describe the composition and distribution of the benthic polychaete community, and to analyse potential environmental drivers. Methods: The biological material was collected in 16 stations distributed along the lagoon during the rainy season (September 2017). Two replicates per station were obtained using a Ponar standard dredge or cores (6” diameter). Environmental variables such as grain size, organic carbon content in the sediments, and salinity, among others, were measured. Results: A total of 827 specimens belonging to 26 species and 16 families were identified. Of these, 23 species are new records for the Río Lagartos lagoon. Community composition changed between the different basins associated with strong gradients in salinity, subaquatic vegetation (algae and seagrasses) proportions in the samples and grain size. No polychaetes were recorded at the easternmost basin (El Cuyo basin), where salinity was between 67-80 psu. In the rest of the lagoon, the distribution of polychaetes was heterogeneous, especially near the mouth (western basin), where the highest and lowest density, species richness and diversity were recorded. The highest density was found at station 6, where dense algal mats of the genus Avrainvillea dominated. The families Syllidae and Nereididae were the most abundant and widely distributed families in the lagoon. The species Syllis lagunae and Nereis pelagica dominated the western basin and Prionospio heterobranchia and Sphaerosyllis taylori dominated the middle basin. Conclusions: The salinity records associated with some species were well above the top limits previously reported, establishing the euryhaline character of many species in the region.
Revision of Cirratulus (Cirratulidae: Polychaeta) from Argentina, with the description of three new species and a key to identify all species of the area
Authors: Saracho-Bottero M. Andrea , Jaubet M. Lourdes , Garaffo Griselda V. , Elías Rodolfo
Published: September 2019

Introduction: The taxonomy of Cirratulidae is not easy due to the diagnostic characters currently accepted change through ontogeny, in some cases, there are even difficulties to separate juveniles from adults. Among the Cirratulus species cited, described and considered as valid for Argentina are Cirratulus jucundus (Kinberg, 1866), Cirratulus patagonicus (Kinberg, 1866) and Cirratulus mianzanii Saracho Bottero, Elías & Magalhães, 2017. Objetive: This study made a revision of Cirratulus includes material deposited in the Museo de Ciencias Naturales de La Plata (MLP) and specimens collected privately by J.M. Orensanz that was donated to the laboratory of Bioindicadores Bentónicos of the National University of Mar del Plata. Methods: The specimens were examined with optical equipment (microscope and stereomicroscope) and also by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results: A complete examination of the material, revealed a higher number of species than those already mentioned. In the present work, three new species are described from the intertidal and subtidal areas of the Argentine continental shelf: Cirratulus orensanzii n. sp.; Cirratulus knipovichana n. sp. and Cirratulus alfonsinae n. sp. Conclusions: The knowledge about the taxonomy of the family as well as the updating of the geographic registries contributes to the biodiversity of the region, which is of great importance to carry out both ecological studies and conservation plans.
Michael Slowik, After the Silents: Hollywood Film Music in the Early Sound Era, 1926–1934
Authors: Lewis Hannah
Published: September 2019

Michael Slowik, After the Silents: Hollywood Film Music in the Early Sound Era, 1926–1934New York: Columbia University Press, 2014 [xii, 383 pp. ISBN 978-0231165839. $32.00(paperback)]. Music examples, index, filmography, and bibliography
Ron Rodman, Tuning In: American Narrative Television Music
Authors: Deaville James
Published: September 2019

Ron Rodman, Tuning In: American Narrative Television Music

New York: Oxford University Press, 2010 [x, 356 pp. ISBN 978-0195340242. £93.00 (hardback)]. Oxford Music/Media Series. Music examples, photos, figures, index, appendices, and bibliography.
Dakwah Politik dalam Paradigma Simbiotik
Authors: Yakin Syamsul
Published: September 2019

This paper examines the relationship between da'wah and politics based on a symbiotic paradigm. Through a historical-critical approach, this paper found that the rela­tion­ship between da'wah and politics has an inseparable relationship. Historically, the Prophet Muhammad and the Muslim scholars have practised a symbiotic pattern of political da'wah. In this context, da'wah conducted within the frame of idealism, which is to spread the goodness of religious teachings. In this regard, various benefits and goodness for the community and get the pleasure of God. Furthermore, political propaganda emphasizes balance and benefit for the people. Therefore, propaganda and political symbiosis, at a certain level, have given room for the development of demo­cracy. In this regard, it is necessary to have a proselytising management approach.
The Reflected Mythological Patterns on Researchers’ Journey through Literacy Narratives
Authors: Sugeng Mohammad , Retnaningdyah Pratiwi , Mustofa Ali
Published: September 2019

This paper aims to provide a heroism mythological reflection on the journey of researchers. This study uses the qualitative case study to obtain the comprehension of researchers' metaphor journeys through Monomyth on their research experiences. The documentary analysis is used in this qualitative study with the reflexive narrative because the reflection on experience can help the reader to gain insight into the researcher and their approach during the journey. 15 researcher’s literacy narratives chosen in this study which consists of 8 published literacy narratives and 7 literacy narratives task from participants. Research itself often considered as a journey that extends the existing knowledge and also develops new knowledge of the researcher while wandering in the wilderness of knowledge. Along the way, the researchers with their literacy narratives in this study unconsciously have a similar mythical pattern story as like as the mythical heroes which Campbell (1949) term it as ‘Monomyth’ pattern. The result presented in this paper may facilitate the literate improvements in which to motivate, to help the novice researcher to understand their own hero’s journey and to educate them about the stages that they will experience such as their new transition of conducting their new research.
Codemixing in an Entertainment TV Show: How Which Is Functions in Indonesians’ Repertoire
Authors: Suhandoko Suhandoko
Published: September 2019

The present article portrays the use of “which is” as a currently popular mixed-code among Indonesians, especially teenagers and public figures, since the 2010s or popularly named as the language of South-Jakartans (Bahasa Anak Jaksel) by taking an Indonesian TV show as the data collection sites. The data were the comments of one of the judges of Indonesian Idol 2018, named ME. For investigation purpose, videos containing the “which is”phrase uttered by ME were sorted, transcribed, and analyzed. The analysis focused on how “which is”functions in the utterances. It was found that remarkable functions of “which is”include as substituting conjunctions and discourse markers. The substituting conjunctions include cause-effect and coordinating conjunctions, as for  the discourse markers likely function to minimize face-threatening act.
A Language Appraisal of Hotel Web Pages in Indonesia Five Starred Hotels: Interpersonal Meaning
Authors: Binarkaheni Suyik
Published: September 2019

This article aims to examine the interpersonal meaning of hotel web pages using the Appraisal framework in the view of assessing the frequent occurrence of the appraisal subsystem in the text. The employment of attitudinal, graduation and engagement of text construe the alignment. They explain how the hotel introductory text construction does align the reader. Martin & White (2005) argued that appreciation reaction framework determines interpersonal significancies. The emotive prosody of this appreciation reaction is  “it grabs me”, decorative, and then “I want it” (Martin & White, 57:2005). The dominant result of appreciation resources of reaction is shown in this research than other appreciation resources. We can replace the word “it” with the prosody of appreciation. As a result, the appreciation reaction of quality appears dominantly (44%). It means that the hotel talked much about the things: facilities and services. Finally, the interpersonal meaning of the hotel Webpages is ‘I am the most  / I am the best’. It implies that the hotel is the best in quality and services in order to attract the reader. It proves that the web pages authentically in constructing the text in order to persuade the potential customer to purchase the hotel product.
Young Learners’ Perceptions on the Implementation of Online English Proficiency Test
Authors: Meisani Diah Royani , Purnawarman Pupung
Published: September 2019

The present study made use of Cambridge Online English Test for Children and Young Learner to explore how young learners perceived the implementation of an online test and to what extent the ICT backgrounds and English exposures correlated to their online English test achievement. Three data collection strategies were used to gather the data that involved second to sixth-grade elementary school students as the participants. The instruments were: 1) Online English Proficiency Test for Young Learners; 2) observation field notes; and (3) interviews. The findings revealed that students’ test scores diverse as their grade levels were also various. The mean score was 10.53 which could be categorized into Movers level which was in the middle level. It was also found that the three-quarter of the participants declared that they preferred having an online test as it gave them new experiences and comfortable feeling with taking a test on laptop or smartphones. From further investigation to the randomly selected six students, it was revealed three factors were majorly influential for young learners in benefitting the digital technology use. They were: 1) family socio-economic background; 2) parental involvement in children’s digital media use; and 3) learners’ personal motivation in using the digital media.
Impact of a Pediatric Clerkship Academic Half Day on Third-Year Medical Students
Authors: Lammert Taylor , Gao Hong , Krowchuk Daniel P. , Chen Ashton , Potisek Nicholas
Published: September 2019

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. The use of an academic half day (AHD) compared to a traditional noon conference (NC) has been studied in graduate medical education. Despite undergraduate medical education (UGME) use of AHDs there is no data to advocate for this teaching strategy. We explored the impact of an AHD on UGME during the pediatric clerkship rotation. During the 2017-18 academic year, 118 third-year medical students rotated on the pediatric clerkship rotation. Fifty-eight students were placed in the NC format and 60 in the AHD. NBME Subject Examination performance is similar for both groups (0.04 vs 0.23, F(1, 116)=1.31, p > 0.26). Attendance was significantly higher for AHD compared with NC (90.9% vs 73.3%, F(1, 114)=63.27, p<0.05). Additionally, the mean didactic rating is 3.81 for the AHD group, significantly higher than 3.60 for the NC group (F(1, 113)=6.56, p <0.05). The impact of an AHD in UGME appears promising and consistent with experiences of an AHD in graduate medical education on medical knowledge, attendance, and didactic satisfaction.
7-Steps to Creating an Effective Simulation Experience for Educators in the Health Professions: an updated practical guide to designing your own successful simulation
Authors: Krawczyk Donna
Published: September 2019

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Creating a simulation experience for learners can be a daunting task for educators. Through a literature search, this guide outlines a feasible method to effectively execute a successful learning experience for future health professionals through creating your own simulation event from scratch. By organizing this learning strategy into steps, an educator can easily reproduce their very own simulation and offer a highly recommended tool for enhancing health professional education within their in-class or e-learning curriculum. Reaching your students through simulation as a learning strategy does not have to be expensive nor does it have to be a complete re-enactment. To offer a simple but purposeful, clinically relevant simulation is also well remembered for real-life use. Simulation provides a framework for an experience to happen where a student is to engage prior knowledge into practice and the educator takes a facilitative role (Levine et al., 2003). Knowing when and where to use simulation and understanding its effectiveness is key in reaching your learners as well as offering appropriate debriefing. This paper will outline the skills you need and support your choices in which simulation event best suits the required tested outcome.
Dynamic Contracting under Positive Commitment
Authors: Lobel Ilan , Leme Renato Paes
Published: September 2019

We consider a firm that sells products that arrive over time to a buyer. We study this problem under a notion we call positive commitment, where the seller is allowed to make binding positive promises to the buyer about items arriving in the future, but is not allowed to commit not to make further offers to the buyer in the future. We model this problem as a dynamic game where the seller chooses a mechanism at each period subject to a sequential rationality constraint, and characterize the perfect Bayesian equilibrium of this dynamic game. We prove the equilibrium is efficient and that the seller’s revenue is a function of the buyer’s ex ante utility under a no commitment model. In particular, all goods are sold in advance to the buyer at what we call the positive commitment price.
When Do Envy-Free Allocations Exist?
Authors: Manurangsi Pasin , Suksompong Warut
Published: September 2019

We consider a fair division setting in which m indivisible items are to be allocated among n agents, where the agents have additive utilities and the agents’ utilities for individual items are independently sampled from a distribution. Previous work has shown that an envy-free allocation is likely to exist when m = Ω (n log n) but not when m = n + o (n), and left open the question of determining where the phase transition from non-existence to existence occurs. We show that, surprisingly, there is in fact no universal point of transition— instead, the transition is governed by the divisibility relation between m and n. On the one hand, if m is divisible by n, an envy-free allocation exists with high probability as long as m ≥ 2n. On the other hand, if m is not “almost” divisible by , an envy-free allocation is unlikely to exist even when m = Θ(n log n)/log log n).
Mechanism Design for Multi-Type Housing Markets with Acceptable Bundles
Authors: Sikdar Sujoy , Adalı Sibel , Xia Lirong
Published: September 2019

We extend the Top-Trading-Cycles (TTC) mechanism to select strict core allocations for housing markets with multiple types of items, where each agent may be endowed and allocated with multiple items of each type. In doing so, we advance the state of the art in mechanism design for housing markets along two dimensions: First, our setting is more general than multi-type housing markets (Moulin 1995; Sikdar, Adali, and Xia 2017) and the setting of Fujita et al. (2015). Further, we introduce housing markets with acceptable bundles (HMABs) as a more general setting where each agent may have arbitrary sets of acceptable bundles. Second, our extension of TTC is strict core selecting under the weaker restriction on preferences of CMI-trees, which we introduce as a new domain restriction on preferences that generalizes commonly-studied languages in previous works.
A Unified Approach to Online Matching with Conflict-Aware Constraints
Authors: Xu Pan , Shi Yexuan , Cheng Hao , Dickerson John , Sankararaman Karthik Abinav , Srinivasan Aravind , Tong Yongxin , Tsepenekas Leonidas
Published: September 2019

Online bipartite matching and allocation models are widely used to analyze and design markets such as Internet advertising, online labor, and crowdsourcing. Traditionally, vertices on one side of the market are fixed and known a priori, while vertices on the other side arrive online and are matched by a central agent to the offline side. The issue of possible conflicts among offline agents emerges in various real scenarios when we need to match each online agent with a set of offline agents.For example, in event-based social networks (e.g., Meetup), offline events conflict for some users since they will be unable to attend mutually-distant events at proximate times; in advertising markets, two competing firms may prefer not to be shown to one user simultaneously; and in online recommendation systems (e.g., Amazon Books), books of the same type “conflict” with each other in some sense due to the diversity requirement for each online buyer.The conflict nature inherent among certain offline agents raises significant challenges in both modeling and online algorithm design. In this paper, we propose a unifying model, generalizing the conflict models proposed in (She et al., TKDE 2016) and (Chen et al., TKDE 16). Our model can capture not only a broad class of conflict constraints on the offline side (which is even allowed to be sensitive to each online agent), but also allows a general arrival pattern for the online side (which is allowed to change over the online phase). We propose an efficient linear programming (LP) based online algorithm and prove theoretically that it has nearly-optimal online performance. Additionally, we propose two LP-based heuristics and test them against two natural baselines on both real and synthetic datasets. Our LP-based heuristics experimentally dominate the baseline algorithms, aligning with our theoretical predictions and supporting our unified approach.
Allocating Planning Effort When Actions Expire
Authors: Shperberg Shahaf S. , Coles Andrew , Cserna Bence , Karpas Erez , Ruml Wheeler , Shimony Solomon E.
Published: September 2019

Making plans that depend on external events can be tricky. For example, an agent considering a partial plan that involves taking a bus must recognize that this partial plan is only viable if completed and selected for execution in time for the agent to arrive at the bus stop. This setting raises the thorny problem of allocating the agent’s planning effort across multiple open search nodes, each of which has an expiration time and an expected completion effort in addition to the usual estimated plan cost. This paper formalizes this metareasoning problem, studies its theoretical properties, and presents several algorithms for solving it. Our theoretical results include a surprising connection to job scheduling, as well as to deliberation scheduling in time-dependent planning. Our empirical results indicate that our algorithms are effective in practice. This work advances our understanding of how heuristic search planners might address realistic problem settings.
An Improved Generic Bet-and-Run Strategy with Performance Prediction for Stochastic Local Search
Authors: Weise Thomas , Wu Zijun , Wagner Markus
Published: September 2019

A commonly used strategy for improving optimization algorithms is to restart the algorithm when it is believed to be trapped in an inferior part of the search space. Building on the recent success of BET-AND-RUN approaches for restarted local search solvers, we introduce a more generic version that makes use of performance prediction. It is our goal to obtain the best possible results within a given time budget t using a given black-box optimization algorithm. If no prior knowledge about problem features and algorithm behavior is available, the question about how to use the time budget most efficiently arises. We first start k ≥ 1 independent runs of the algorithm during an initialization budget t1 < t, pause these runs, then apply a decision maker D to choose 1 ≤ m < k runs from them (consuming t2 ≥ 0 time units in doing so), and then continue these runs for the remaining t3 = t−t1−t2 time units. In previous BET-AND-RUN strategies, the decision maker D = currentBest would simply select the run with the best-so-far results at negligible time. We propose using more advanced methods to discriminate between “good” and “bad” sample runs with the goal of increasing the correlation of the chosen run with the a-posteriori best one. In over 157 million experiments, we test different approaches to predict which run may yield the best results if granted the remaining budget. We show (1) that the currentBest method is indeed a very reliable and robust baseline approach, and (2) that our approach can yield better results than the previous methods.
Fuzzy-Classification Assisted Solution Preselection in Evolutionary Optimization
Authors: Zhou Aimin , Zhang Jinyuan , Sun Jianyong , Zhang Guixu
Published: September 2019

In evolutionary optimization, the preselection is an efficient operator to improve the search efficiency, which aims to filter unpromising candidate solutions before fitness evaluation. Most existing preselection operators rely on fitness values, surrogate models, or classification models. Basically, the classification based preselection regards the preselection as a classification procedure, i.e., differentiating promising and unpromising candidate solutions. However, the difference between promising and unpromising classes becomes fuzzy as the running process goes on, as all the left solutions are likely to be promising ones. Facing this challenge, this paper proposes a fuzzy classification based preselection (FCPS) scheme, which utilizes the membership function to measure the quality of candidate solutions. The proposed FCPS scheme is applied to two state-of-the-art evolutionary algorithms on a test suite. The experimental results show the potential of FCPS on improving algorithm performance.
Human-in-the-Loop Feature Selection
Authors: Correia Alvaro H. C. , Lecue Freddy
Published: September 2019

Feature selection is a crucial step in the conception of Machine Learning models, which is often performed via datadriven approaches that overlook the possibility of tapping into the human decision-making of the model’s designers and users. We present a human-in-the-loop framework that interacts with domain experts by collecting their feedback regarding the variables (of few samples) they evaluate as the most relevant for the task at hand. Such information can be modeled via Reinforcement Learning to derive a per-example feature selection method that tries to minimize the model’s loss function by focusing on the most pertinent variables from a human perspective. We report results on a proof-of-concept image classification dataset and on a real-world risk classification task in which the model successfully incorporated feedback from experts to improve its accuracy.
Verifying Robustness of Gradient Boosted Models
Authors: Einziger Gil , Goldstein Maayan , Sa’ar Yaniv , Segall Itai
Published: September 2019

Gradient boosted models are a fundamental machine learning technique. Robustness to small perturbations of the input is an important quality measure for machine learning models, but the literature lacks a method to prove the robustness of gradient boosted models.This work introduces VERIGB, a tool for quantifying the robustness of gradient boosted models. VERIGB encodes the model and the robustness property as an SMT formula, which enables state of the art verification tools to prove the model’s robustness. We extensively evaluate VERIGB on publicly available datasets and demonstrate a capability for verifying large models. Finally, we show that some model configurations tend to be inherently more robust than others.
Implementation of Best Practice Recommendations for Palliative Care in German Comprehensive Cancer Centers
Authors: Gahr Susanne , Lödel Sarah , Berendt Julia , Thomas Michael , Ostgathe Christoph
Published: September 2019

Background

From 2014 to 2017, the Palliative Medicine Working Group developed and published best practice recommendations for the integration of palliative care in Comprehensive Cancer Centers (CCCs) in Germany. To evaluate the implementation level of these recommendations in the CCCs an online survey was performed. Based on the results of this study, strategic tandem partnerships between CCCs should be built in order to foster further local development.

Materials and Methods

Directors of all CCCs were contacted by e-mail between December 2017 and February 2018. At the time of the survey, 15 CCCs were funded by the German Cancer Aid. The level of implementation of the recommendations in individual CCCs was established using a transtheoretical model.

Results

Between December 2017 and February 2018, all 15 contacted directors or their representatives of the CCCs took part in the survey. More than two thirds of the CCCs have a palliative service as well as a day clinic and palliative outpatient clinic. Regional networking and the provision of a palliative care unit were approved by all CCCs.

Conclusion

The publication of best practice recommendations was a milestone for the integration of palliative care in the CCCs. The majority of the German CCCs already fulfill essential organizational and structural requirements. There is a particular need for optimization in the provision of a basic qualification for general palliative care and emergency admission personnel.
Bicarbonate may alters bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics by targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: KESICI Sevgi , DEMIRCI Mehmet , KESICI Ugur
Published: September 2019

Backgrounds/aims: Acute acidemia is a common clinical
condition in critical diseases. Acidemia is associated with poor prognosis in
case of persistence. In the case of metabolic acidosis, it is beneficial to
increase the pH by administering sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) since cell
functions are impaired. The aim of this study was to investigate the
antibacterial efficacy of NaHCO3 used in metabolic acidosis, especially in
critically ill patients in intensive care units, and to reveal its contribution
to antimicrobial therapy for possible concomitant sepsis.Method: S.aureus ATCC 29213, P. aeruginosa ATCC
27853 and E. coli ATCC 25922 strains were seeded into liquid Müller Hinton
medium (Oxoid, UK) and the in-vitro effect of Group C (Control - 1 mL sterile
saline) and Group B (Sodium Bicarbonate - NaHCO3) on these bacteria following
24 hours of incubation at 37 degreesC was investigated. Following
the use of Epoch spectrophotometer (BioTek Inst. Inc. Vermont, USA) for the 0.
and 24. hours, the growth in wells was analyzed in CFU / mL and log10 CFU/mL by
comparison with the standard curve.Results:From the start to the 24. hour, there was
a significant decrease in bacterial colony numbers of S.aureus ATCC 29213, P.
aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and E. coli ATCC 25922 strains in Group B when compared
to the control group (p <0.01).
The intra-group antibacterial efficacy comparison revealed a significant
decrease in bacterial colony numbers in Group B between 0-24 hours (p<0.01). There was a significant
increase in all bacterial colony numbers in the control group (p = 0.04).

Conclusion: In our study, NaHCO3 was found to show strong
antibacterial efficacy against P. aeruginosa, E. coli and S. aureus. Taking
these results into consideration, it should be kept in mind that the use of
NaHCO3 in the treatment of severe metabolic acidosis especially seen in septic
patients in intensive care units will also contribute to sepsis treatment
because of its antibacterial effect potential. We believe that the results of
this study, if supported by clinical studies, may contribute to the improvement
of treatment efficacy and lower treatment costs in critical patients in the
intensive care unit in the case of metabolic acidosis and sepsis.
Sellin’ in the Rain: Adaptation to Weather and Climate in the Retail Sector
Authors: Roth Tran Brigitte
Published: September 2019

Using novel methodology and proprietary daily store-level sporting goods and apparel brand data, I find that, consistent with long-run adaptation to climate, sales sensitivity to weather declines with historical norms and variability of weather. Short-run adaptation to weather shocks is dominated by changes in what people buy and how they buy it, with little intertemporal substitution. Over four weeks, a one-standard deviation one-day weather shock shifts sales by about 10 percent. While switching between indoor and outdoor stores offsets a small portion of contemporaneous responses to weather, I find no evidence that ecommerce offsets any of the effects.
The effects of exercise on vascular markers and C-reactive protein among obese children and adolescents: An evidence-based review
Authors: Salamt Norizam , Muhajir Musilawati , Aminuddin Amilia , Ugusman Azizah
Published: September 2019

Numerous studies have evaluated the effects of exercise training on obese children and adolescents. However, the impact of aerobic and/or resistance exercise alone, without any other interventions, on vascular markers and C-reactive protein (CRP) in obese children and adolescents is still not clear. We performed a literature search in Ovid Medline, PubMed, and SCOPUS databases to identify articles on the effects of exercise on vascular markers and CRP among obese children and adolescents, published between January 2009 and May 2019. Only full-text articles in English that reported on the effect of aerobic and/or resistance exercise on the vascular markers pulse wave velocity (PWV), carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), augmentation index (AIx) or CRP in obese children and adolescents (5–19 years old) were included. The literature search identified 36 relevant articles; 9 articles that fulfilled all the inclusion criteria were selected by two independent reviewers. Aerobic exercise or a combination of aerobic and resistance exercise training significantly improved CIMT and PWV in obese children and adolescents in all studies in which they were measured (2 studies for PWV and 4 studies for CIMT). However, the effects of exercise on FMD and CRP levels were inconclusive, as only half of the studies demonstrated significant improvements (1/2 studies for FMD and 4/8 studies for CRP). The results of our review support the ability of exercise to improve vascular markers such as PWV and CIMT in obese children and adolescents. This finding is important as obesity is a modifiable risk factor of CVD, and exercise may help in reducing the future occurrence of CVD in this population.
BİPOLAR BOZUKLUĞU OLAN HASTALARIN MİZAÇ VE BAĞLANMA ÖZELLİKLERİ İLE OKSİTOSİN DÜZEYLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: YAMAN Ayşe Rümeysa , KUZUGÜDENLİOĞLU ULUSOY Duru , DÖNMEZ Feyza
Published: September 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı bipolar
bozukluğu (BPB) olan erkek olgularda bağlanma biçimlerini ve bu bağlanma
biçimlerinin mizaç özellikleri ve oksitosin ile ilişkisini araştırmaktır. Bu
amaç doğrultusunda bipolar bozukluk hastalarının bağlanma biçimiyle mizaç ve
oksitosin arasındaki ilişkinin sağlıklı bireylerle karşılaştırılarak
incelenmesi hedeflenmiştir.

Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya 30 bipolar
bozukluk tanılı erkek hasta ve 30 erkek kontrol grubu dâhil edilmiştir.
Psikiyatri polikliniğinde izlenen hastalarda 18 yaşın üzerinde olmak, metabolik
veya endokrin hastalığın olmaması, remisyon döneminde (ötimi) olmak şartları
aranmıştır. Tanı görüşmesi DSM-IV Eksen I Bozuklukları için Yapılandırılmış
Klinik Görüşme (SCID-I) ile yapılmıştır. Mizaç değerlendirilmesi TEMPS-A mizaç
ölçeği ile, bağlanma değerlendirilmesi Erişkin Bağlanma Biçimi Ölçeği (EBBÖ) kullanılarak
yapılmış, serum oksitosin düzeyi ELISA yöntemi ile bakılmıştır.

Bulgular: BPB olgularda güvensiz
bağlanmanın sağlıklı bireylerde olduğundan daha sık olduğu bulunmuştur. BPB
olguların kaçıngan ve kaygılı/ikircikli bağlanma puanları sağlıklı
kontrollerden yüksek bulunmuştur. Kontrol grubunda bireylerinde güvensiz
bağlanan bireylerin siklotimik mizaç puanların daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır.
BPB
olgular ve kontrol grubu bireylerinde bağlanma biçimi puanları ile serum
oksitosin düzeyi arasında ilişki bulunamamıştır. Her iki grup için
medeni durum, eğitim durumu, aile durumu, yetiştiği ortam (kimlerin yanında
yetiştiği) değişkenleri ile güvenli veya güvensiz bağlanmalar arasında fark
gösterilememiştir.

Tartışma: Güvensiz bağlanma
biçiminin ve duygudurum bozukluklarının birbirlerini çift yönlü olarak olumsuz
etkiledikleri yorumu yapılmıştır. BPB olgularda sikotimik mizacın güvensiz
bağlanmayı artırdığı saptanmıştır. Hem bipolar olgularda hem kontrol grubunda
hipertimik mizaç puanlarının güvenli bağlanma ile ilişkili bulunması, BPB’da hipertimik
mizacın sağlıklı ilişki kurma ile bağlantılı olabileceğini düşündürmüştür. Bağlanma
biçimi puanları ile oksitosin düzeyleri arasında ilişkinin olmaması bunun
yanında olguların sendromal veya subsendromal afektif patolojilere sahip olması
bağlanma üzerine etkide mizaç özelliklerinin belirleyici olduğunu akla
getirmektedir.
Oküler Protezlerin İris Renginin Oluşturulmasında Boyama ve Dijital Görüntüleme Yöntemlerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: OZDEMİR AKKUS Niler , SAYGI Tugrul , ŞAHAN Makbule Heval
Published: September 2019

Amaç:
Bu çalışmada oküler protezlerin iris renklendirilmesinde kullanılan dijital
görüntüleme ve boyama yöntemlerinin başarısının karşılaştırılması
amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Ege
Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi’ne çeşitli nedenlerle başvuran göz
küresini kaybetmiş 36 olguya iris renklendirilmesinde klasik boyama yöntemi ve
dijital görüntüleme yöntemi kullanılarak iki adet oküler protez yapıldı. Boyama
ve dijital görüntüleme yöntemlerini karşılaştırmak için Adobe Photoshop
bilgisayar yazılım programı kullanıldı.Bulgular: Tüm
veriler tek yönlü varyans analizi, ikili karşılaştırmalar t-testiyle
yapılmıştır. Sağlıklı göz irisi ile dijital görüntüleme yöntemi ile hazırlanan
iris arasındaki renk farkı ile sağlıklı göz irisi ile boyama yöntemi ile
hazırlanan iris arasındaki renk farkı t- testi ile istatistiksel olarak analiz
edildiğinde fark anlamlı bulunmuştur (P<0.05).

Sonuç:
Dijital yöntemin ΔE değeri boyama yöntemine göre az olmasına rağmen, boyama
yöntemi de kabul edilebilir sınırlar içindedir. Boyaların kat kat uygulanması
irisin optik özelliklerini daha iyi taklit etmekte, daha doğal ve derin bir
görünüm vermektedir.
CHANGING LIFE VALUE AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE IN CONTEMPORARY JAPANESE SOCIETY
Authors: Moriyama Mikihiro
Published: September 2019

Japan has experienced a rapid decrease in population. The main reason for this distorted demography (called Shoushi Koureika in Japanese) has been caused by a reduction in the number of children. Another reason is the extension of human lifespan. This rapid demographic change has caused social issues such as lack of workforce, an increase in the social security revenue and a reduction in the number of schools. The Japanese government has tackled these social problems and its effort has had an effect to some extent, but the hard work needs to continue. In this article, I try to explore reasons for the social issues and problems by focusing not only on changes in the social conditions but also on changes in the life value of Japanese people. Some possible solutions for the social issues and problems can be suggested for the coming decades in Japan. In particular, I try to explore solutions that are compatible with Japanese society to alleviate the problems.