bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydrothermally Grown Globosa-like TiO2 Nanostructures for Effective Photocatalytic Dye Degradation and LPG Sensing
Authors: Rao Mutcha Shanmukha , Rakesh Benadict , Ojha Gunendra Prasad , Sakthivel Ramasamy , Pant Bishweshwar , Sankaran Kamatchi Jothiramalingam
Published: August 2024

The rapid expansion of industrial activities has resulted in severe environmental pollution manifested by organic dyes discharged from the food, textile, and leather industries, as well as hazardous gas emissions from various industrial processes. Titanium dioxide (TiO2)-nanostructured materials have emerged as promising candidates for effective photocatalytic dye degradation and gas sensing applications owing to their unique physicochemical properties. This study investigates the development of a photocatalyst and a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) sensor using hydrothermally synthesized globosa-like TiO2 nanostructures (GTNs). The synthesized GTNs are then evaluated to photocatalytically degrade methylene blue dye, resulting in an outstanding photocatalytic activity of 91% degradation within 160 min under UV light irradiation. Furthermore, these nanostructures are utilized to sense liquefied petroleum gas, which attains a superior sensitivity of 7.3% with high response and recovery times and good reproducibility. This facile and cost-effective hydrothermal method of fabricating TiO2 nanostructures opens a new avenue in photocatalytic dye degradation and gas sensing applications.
Terahertz Meta-Mirror with Scalable Reflective Passband by Decoupling of Cascaded Metasurfaces
Authors: Fan Zhihua , Li Boyu , Zhou Shaolin , Huang Gang
Published: August 2024

Electromagnetic metasurfaces have been playing exotic roles in the construction of ultracompact and versatile metadevices for wave–matter interactions. So far, multiple metasurfaces cascaded with intercouplings have been intensively investigated for extraordinary wavefront control and broadband spectral regulations. However, most cases face high structural complexity and little attention is paid to cascaded metasurfaces without interlayer couplings. In this paper, we demonstrate one type of terahertz Bragg mirror with ideally high reflectivity and ultra-broad bandwidth by simply resorting to decoupled metasurfaces. Cascaded metasurfaces with decoupled mode control prove practically straightforward for analytical design and easy to fabricate for engineering purpose in our scheme. Essentially, by flexibly tuning the decoupled metasurface mode, the middle Fabry–Perot mode that behaves like a defect mode inside the reflective passband can be eliminated for substantial band expanding. Fundamental analyses and rigorous calculations are performed to confirm the feasibility of our metasurface-based THz Bragg mirror with scalable bandgap. In comparison, our meta-mirror provides superior spectral performance of a larger bandgap and higher in-band reflectivity over that composed by ten layers of alternate dielectrics (Rogers 3003 and 3005). Finally, our analytical methodology and numerical results provide a promising way for the rapid design and fabrication of a Bragg mirror in the optical regime.
Detection of Abnormal Blood Flow Region Based on Near Infrared Correlation Spectroscopy
Authors: Hao Huiyan , Liu Wenyu , Yu Xulin
Published: August 2024

Blood flow measurement of microvessels in human tissues is of vital importance for the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. In this paper, the detection method of abnormal blood flow regions based on near-infrared correlation spectroscopy is studied. We used the NL-Bregman-TV imaging algorithm to realize Blood flow imaging. However, due to the limitation of the number and distribution of detectors, the pixels obtained from images are extremely low, which cannot meet the practical requirements of the visual and the abnormal blood flow range measurement. In this paper, the bicubic interpolation method is used to improve the resolution of low-pixel blood flow images. The parameter index of the normalized similarity was proposed to help judge the effect of the interpolation method on the resolution of this kind of image. Aiming at the extraction of abnormal regions, a threshold segmentation algorithm based on the histogram difference method and a morphological processing algorithm is proposed to extract the contour of abnormal blood flow. The method proposed in this paper can be used to accurately locate and extract the clear and smooth contour of abnormal blood flow.
Structural Diagnosis of Solid Rocket Motors Using Neural Networks and Embedded Optical Strain Sensors
Authors: Korompili Georgia , Cholevas Nicholaos , Anyfantis Konstantinos N. , Mußbach Günter , Riziotis Christos
Published: August 2024

The main failures that could deteriorate the reliable operation of solid rocket motors (SRMs) and lead to catastrophic events are related to bore cracks and delamination. Current SRMs’ predictive assessment and damage identification practices include time-consuming and cost-demanding destructive inspection techniques. By considering state-of-the-art optical strain sensors based on fiber Bragg gratings, a theoretical study on the use of such sensors embedded in the circumference of the composite propellant grain for damage detection is presented. Deep neural networks were considered for the accurate prediction of the presence and extent of the defects, trained using synthetic datasets derived through finite element analysis method. The evaluation of this combined approach proved highly efficient in discriminating between the healthy and the damaged condition, with an accuracy higher than 98%, and in predicting the extent of the defect with an error of 2.3 mm for the bore crack depth and 1.6° for the delamination angle (for a typical ~406 mm diameter grain) in the worst case of coexistent defects. This work suggests the basis for complete diagnosis of solid rocket motors by overcoming certain integration and performance limitations of currently employed dual bond stress and temperature sensors via the more scalable, safe, sensitive, and robust solution of fiber optic strain sensors.
Research on High-Frequency PGC-EKF Demodulation Technology Based on EOM for Nonlinear Distortion Suppression
Authors: Wu Peng , Li Qun , Liang Jiabi , Shao Jian , Lu Yuncai , Lin Yuandi , Wang Tonglei , Li Xiaohan , Zhao Zongling , Deng Chuanlu
Published: August 2024

In this study, a phase-generated carrier (PGC) demodulation algorithm combined with the extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm based on an electro-optic modulator (EOM) is proposed, which can achieve nonlinear distortion (such as modulation depth drift and carrier phase delay) suppression for high-frequency phase carrier modulation. The improved algorithm is implemented on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) hardware platform. The experimental results by the PGC-EKF method show that total harmonic distortion (THD) decreases from −32.61 to −54.51 dB, and SINAD increases from 32.59 to 47.86 dB, compared to the traditional PGC-Arctan method. This indicates that the PGC-EKF demodulation algorithm proposed in this paper can be widely used in many important fields such as hydrophone, transformer, and ultrasound signal detection.
Long-Term Straw Returning Enhances Phosphorus Uptake by Zea mays L. through Mediating Microbial Biomass Phosphorus Turnover and Root Functional Traits
Authors: Tang Xiaoyan , Zhou Yuxin , Wu Runjuan , Wu Kuilin , Zhao Hui , Wang Wanyi , Zhang Yanyan , Huang Rong , Wu Yingjie , Li Bing , Wang Changquan
Published: August 2024

The intensive use of chemical fertilizers in China to maintain high crop yields has led to significant environmental degradation and destabilized crop production. Returning straw to soil presents a potential alternative to reduce chemical fertilizer requirements and enhance soil fertility. This study investigates the effects of different nitrogen (N) input levels and straw additions on crop phosphorus (P) uptake and soil P availability based on a long-term N-fertilizer trial. The treatments included no fertilizer input (CK), conventional (NPK), reduced NPK (0.75NPK), and straw-amended (SNPK) treatments. Results indicate that SNPK significantly enhances shoot P uptake and crop yields by 43.7–61.9% and 29.3–39.6%, respectively. The SNPK treatment improved rhizosphere P availability and increased the phosphorus activation coefficient (PAC) by 1.72-fold compared to NPK alone. The enhanced soil P availability under SNPK was primarily attributed to an abundance of functional microbes, leading to higher P storage in the microbial biomass P pool and its turnover. Additionally, SNPK promoted root exudate and phosphate-mobilizing microbes, enhancing P mobilization and uptake. Nitrogen fertilization primarily influenced root functional traits related to P acquisition. These findings provide valuable insights for developing effective fertilizer management strategies in maize–oilseed rape rotation systems, emphasizing the benefits of integrating straw with chemical fertilizers.
Parametric Dueling DQN- and DDPG-Based Approach for Optimal Operation of Microgrids
Authors: Huang Wei , Li Qing , Jiang Yuan , Lu Xiaoya
Published: August 2024

This study is aimed at addressing the problem of optimizing microgrid operations to improve local renewable energy consumption and ensure the stability of multi-energy systems. Microgrids are localized power systems that integrate distributed energy sources, storage, and controllable loads to enhance energy efficiency and reliability. The proposed approach introduces a novel microgrid optimization method that leverages the parameterized Dueling Deep Q-Network (Dueling DQN) and Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) algorithms. The method employs a parametric hybrid action-space reinforcement learning technique, where the DDPG is utilized to convert discrete actions into continuous action values corresponding to each discrete action, while the Dueling DQN uses the current observation states and these continuous action values to predict the discrete actions that maximize Q-values. This integrated strategy is designed to tackle the co-scheduling challenge in microgrids, enabling them to dynamically select the most favorable control strategies based on their specific states and the actions of other intelligent entities. The ultimate objective is to minimize the overall operational costs of microgrids while ensuring the efficient local consumption of renewable energy and maintaining the stability of multi-energy systems. Simulation experiments were conducted to validate the efficacy and superiority of the proposed method in achieving the optimal microgrid operation, showcasing its potential to improve service quality and reduce operational expenses. Average rewards increased by 30% and 15% compared to the use of the Dueling DQN or DDPG only.
Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Management of Coagulation Treatment Engineering System
Authors: Liu Jingfeng , Long Yizhou , Zhu Guocheng , Hursthouse Andrew S.
Published: August 2024

In this paper, the application of artificial intelligence, especially neural networks, in the field of water treatment is comprehensively reviewed, with emphasis on water quality prediction and chemical dosage optimization. It begins with an overview of machine learning and deep learning concepts relevant to water treatment. Key advances and challenges in using neural networks for coagulation processes are thoroughly analyzed, including the automation of coagulant dosing, dosage level optimization, and efficiency comparisons of modeling approaches. Applications of neural networks in predicting pollutant levels and supporting water quality monitoring are explored. The review identifies avenues for improving coagulation-based modeling with neural networks, such as enhancing data quality, employing feature engineering, refining model selection criteria, and improving cross-validation methods. The necessity of continuous monitoring and adaptive optimization strategies is emphasized. Challenges such as the complexity of coagulation processes, feedback control signal acquisition, and model adaptability from simulations to real-world settings are discussed. Cost control and resource management in water treatment are also highlighted, emphasizing the optimized chemical dosage to reduce expenses while maintaining water quality compliance. In summary, this review provides valuable insights into the current state of neural network applications in water treatment and highlights key areas for further research and development. Integrating AI into coagulation processes has the potential to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of drinking water treatment.
Barriers, Challenges, and Opportunities in the Adoption of the Circular Economy in Mexico: An Analysis through Social Perception
Authors: Padilla-Rivera Alejandro , Morales Brizard Magdalena , Merveille Nicolas , Güereca-Hernandez Leonor Patricia
Published: August 2024

This study explores the transition toward sustainable economic models through the circular economy (CE) in Mexico. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, this research incorporates a comprehensive literature review and analyzes responses from 42 stakeholders, gathered through surveys and focus groups. These stakeholders comprise a diverse group including PhD students, professors, researchers, industry professionals in sustainability and the environment, and government advisors and coordinators from the Mexican Secretary of Environment. This representative sample provides a broad perspective on the barriers, opportunities, and societal perceptions regarding CE. The findings reveal significant challenges such as economic barriers, regulatory inadequacies, and a lack of awareness and education, all of which hinder the adoption of CE practices. Despite these challenges, there is a generally optimistic view among stakeholders about CE’s potential to positively impact societal needs, suggesting robust opportunities for innovation and policy enhancement to foster sustainable development. Key recommendations include intensifying educational programs to elevate public understanding and engagement, formulating supportive policies that facilitate CE adoption, and promoting intersectoral collaboration to leverage collective expertise and resources. Additionally, the research underscores the necessity of integrating CE principles into urban planning and policy frameworks to effectively address specific local challenges such as waste management, pollution, and urban sprawl. By providing a detailed analysis of the current state and potential of CE in Mexico, this paper contributes valuable insights to the global discourse on sustainability. It proposes strategic actions to overcome existing hurdles and capitalize on opportunities within the CE framework, charting a path forward for Mexico and serving as a model for other regions facing similar sustainability challenges
Dynamic Asset Pricing in a Unified Bachelier–Black–Scholes–Merton Model
Authors: Lindquist W. Brent , Rachev Svetlozar T. , Gnawali Jagdish , Fabozzi Frank J.
Published: August 2024

We present a unified, market-complete model that integrates both Bachelier and Black–Scholes–Merton frameworks for asset pricing. The model allows for the study, within a unified framework, of asset pricing in a natural world that experiences the possibility of negative security prices or riskless rates. Unlike the classical Black–Scholes–Merton, we show that option pricing in the unified model differs depending on whether the replicating, self-financing portfolio uses riskless bonds or a single riskless bank account. We derive option price formulas and extend our analysis to the term structure of interest rates by deriving the pricing of zero-coupon bonds, forward contracts, and futures contracts. We identify a necessary condition for the unified model to support a perpetual derivative. Discrete binomial pricing under the unified model is also developed. In every scenario analyzed, we show that the unified model simplifies to the standard Black–Scholes–Merton pricing under specific limits and provides pricing in the Bachelier model limit. We note that the Bachelier limit within the unified model allows for positive riskless rates. The unified model prompts us to speculate on the possibility of a mixed multiplicative and additive deflator model for risk-neutral option pricing.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices on Occupation Health and Safety Amongst Mine Workers Exposed to Crystalline Silica Dust in a Low-Income Country: A Case Study from Lesotho
Authors: Langwana Vuyiseka , Khoza Norman , Rathebe Phoka Caiphus , Mbonane Thokozani Patrick , Masekameni Masilu Daniel
Published: August 2024

Exposure to respirable crystalline silica dust is one of the most common and severe risks due to the associated health outcomes among workers and results in many occupational-related lung diseases, such as silicosis and lung cancer. The study aimed to determine knowledge, attitudes, and practices on occupation health and safety among mine workers exposed to crystalline silica dust in Lesotho. A descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study design was used in the study. A record review guide was used to retrieve secondary data from the Southern Africa Tuberculosis and Health Systems Support (SATBHSS) project, which were thereafter entered into STATA software, version 17 for descriptive and inferential analysis. The study participants were purposively selected. Most participants were between the ages of 31 to 40 years of age and there was a significant difference between the genders with 35 (9%) females and 350 (91%) males. The majority of the participants had a high school level of education (305, 79%). The knowledge was generally positive in the study with a knowledge score mean of 13.43 (standard deviation: 2.99). The miners agreed with most attitude statements except for A1 (25%), A2 (35%), A3 (18%), and A4 (31%). The practice of exposed mine workers in the study was influenced by working in a dolerite mine (p = 0.003), knowledge score (p ˂ 0.001), and having an attitude about health and safety rules at the mine (p ˂ 0.001; 95% CI: 0.92 to 0.79), while age was a protective factor in the study. The findings of this study highlighted positive knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward occupational health and safety among mine workers. However, more educational programs can be implemented to ensure all mine workers understand the importance of good knowledge, positive attitude, and appropriate practices towards occupational health and safety in their environment.
Anaerobic Performance Profiling in Elite Amateur Boxers
Authors: Venckunas Tomas , Bruzas Vidas , Snieckus Audrius , Stasiule Loreta , Kniubaite Audinga , Mickevicius Mantas , Kamandulis Sigitas , Stasiulis Arvydas
Published: August 2024

While anaerobic fitness is highly important for the performance in Olympic (amateur) boxing, the relationship between anaerobic performance metrics is poorly understood, and profiling boxers according to their anaerobic capacity is still a challenge. With the current study in elite amateur boxers, we aimed to compare the metabolic and cardiovascular responses to different maximal tests and the intercorrelations between performance indices (peak and mean power, duration of the test, punching frequency) of several all-out tests and their correlation to physiological response metrics (blood lactate and heart rate, HR). Twelve male Olympic boxers performed a battery of tests, including 30 s Wingate cycling and arm cranking, boxing bag punching, steep uphill treadmill running to exhaustion, and progressive treadmill running VO2max test. Performance indices of different anaerobic tests were not closely correlated except for the duration of uphill running with body weight scaled (relative) peak and mean power produced during Wingate cycling test and absolute mean power of both Wingate tests. The number of punches landed on a bag per 30 s was associated only with relative power achieved during Wingate cycling test. HRpeak but not peak lactate response correlated strongly across exercise tasks. Finally, no correlation between the highly developed aerobic and anaerobic capacity, suggests a complex picture of the adaptation in elite amateur boxers.
A Study of Carbon Emissions during the Operational Period of an Integrated Expressway Construction Station
Authors: Wang Chao , Yao Xuechun , Ma Kai , Zhang Congrui , Dang Shuaike , Fan Mingxing , Luo Wenjing , Zheng Yiliu , Pan Chao , Ren Gaofeng
Published: August 2024

An integrated construction station for an expressway is characterized by complex carbon emission sources and high carbon emission intensity. Conducting carbon emissions accounting makes possible a comprehensive understanding of these characteristics, enabling targeted and guided carbon reduction efforts, which is crucial for advancing the low-carbon development of expressway construction. This paper, based on an in-depth analysis of the carbon emission structure during the operational period of an integrated expressway construction station identifies, as calculation boundaries, eight categories: residential areas, station transportation, mixing stations, precast beams, steel bar yards, artificial carbon emissions, chemical reactions during construction, and construction conditions. The study adopts a “bottom-up” approach to carbon emission measurement and constructs a carbon emission model for the production and operational period of the integrated construction station, based on the carbon emission factor method. Using the SG-2 section of the Fengqiu to Xiuwu stretch of the Changxiu Expressway as an engineering case, carbon emissions accounting for each component of the integrated construction station’s operational period was conducted, and the results were compared with the station’s monitoring system. High-precision characterization and calculation of total carbon emissions, as well as emissions from each process and piece of equipment during the operational period, were achieved. The results indicate that: (1) the relative error between the overall calculation results and actual monitoring is 3.6%, verifying the model’s accuracy; (2) the monthly carbon emissions of the integrated construction station during the operational period reached 72.15 tons; (3) there is a significant difference in carbon emissions among the different processes, with the highest emissions coming from transportation and residential areas, accounting for 43.4% and 23.7%, respectively. Therefore, electrification of transportation equipment could significantly reduce the overall carbon emissions of the integrated construction station.
Enhancing Diagnostic Accuracy for Skin Cancer and COVID-19 Detection: A Comparative Study Using a Stacked Ensemble Method
Authors: Qayyum Hafza , Rizvi Syed Tahir Hussain , Naeem Muddasar , Khalid Umamah bint , Abbas Musarat , Coronato Antonio
Published: August 2024

In recent years, COVID-19 and skin cancer have become two prevalent illnesses with severe consequences if untreated. This research represents a significant step toward leveraging machine learning (ML) and ensemble techniques to improve the accuracy and efficiency of medical image diagnosis for critical diseases such as COVID-19 (grayscale images) and skin cancer (RGB images). In this paper, a stacked ensemble learning approach is proposed to enhance the precision and effectiveness of diagnosis of both COVID-19 and skin cancer. The proposed method combines pretrained models of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) including ResNet101, DenseNet121, and VGG16 for feature extraction of grayscale (COVID-19) and RGB (skin cancer) images. The performance of the model is evaluated using both individual CNNs and a combination of feature vectors generated from ResNet101, DenseNet121, and VGG16 architectures. The feature vectors obtained through transfer learning are then fed into base-learner models consisting of five different ML algorithms. In the final step, the predictions from the base-learner models, the ensemble validation dataset, and the feature vectors extracted from neural networks are assembled and applied as input for the meta-learner model to obtain final predictions. The performance metrics of the stacked ensemble model show high accuracy for COVID-19 diagnosis and intermediate accuracy for skin cancer.
Ionosonde Measurement Comparison during an Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection (ICME)- and a Corotating Interaction Region (CIR)-Driven Geomagnetic Storm over Europe
Authors: Berényi Kitti Alexandra , Perrone Loredana , Sabbagh Dario , Scotto Carlo , Ippolito Alessandro , Kis Árpád , Barta Veronika
Published: August 2024

A comparison of three types of ionosonde data from Europe during an interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME)- and a corotating interaction region (CIR)-driven geomagnetic storm event is detailed in this study. The selected events are 16–20 March 2015 for the ICME-driven storm and 30 May to 4 June 2013 for the CIR-driven one. Ionospheric data from three European ionosonde stations, namely Pruhonice (PQ), Sopron (SO) and Rome (RO), are investigated. The ionospheric F2-layer responses to these geomagnetic events are analyzed with the ionospheric foF2 and h’F2 parameters, the calculated deltafoF2 and deltahF2 values, the ratio of total electron content (rTEC) and Thermosphere, Ionosphere, Mesosphere, Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) satellite Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI) thermospheric [O]/[N2] measurement data. The storm-time and the quiet-day mean values are also compared, and it can be concluded that the quiet-day curves are similar at all the stations while the storm-time ones show the latitudinal dependence during the development of the storm. As a result of the electron density comparison, during the two events, it can be concluded that the sudden storm commencement (SSC) that characterized the ICME induced a traveling atmospheric disturbance (TAD) seen in the European stations in the main phase, while this is not seen in the CIR-driven ionospheric storm, which shows a stronger and more prolonged negative effect in all the stations, probably due to the season and the depleted O/N2 ratio.
Effectiveness of Using Calcite as an Aerosol to Remediate the Urban Heat Island
Authors: Hoback Alan
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study was to develop analytical tools to find the effectiveness of using aerosols to mitigate the urban heat island effect. Specifically, mineral calcite would be placed in a plume over cities to reflect solar radiation. A secondary goal is to compare the relative efficiencies of releasing the particles from tower heights or from aircraft heights. The aim is to reduce daytime temperatures at the surface. The method was to use a one-dimensional model or a single-column model to predict temperatures and weather conditions at all altitudes over a period of one month. The SCAM6 code was altered to incorporate the new capabilities for introduced aerosols. The pre-existing code considered only windblown dust, so the code was enhanced to handle aerosols that were intentionally produced. The key findings are that calcite as an aerosol does affect the weather. The models predict that in humid regions, calcite is less effective because it interacts with water clouds. In arid regions, calcite should be more effective since there are fewer water clouds to interact with. The result is that it is possible to predict reductions in air temperatures if solar insolation can be reduced. It was shown that temperatures can be reduced by 4 °C in arid regions. The conclusions are that calcite aerosol should be effective at mitigating urban heat islands. However, further work is needed related to economic, health, and ecological concerns.
An Age-Friendly Neighbourhood Index as a Long-Term Urban Planning Decision-Making Tool
Authors: Urra-Uriarte Silvia , Herranz-Pascual Karmele , Molina-Costa Patricia , Martin Roncero Unai , Glodeanu Adrian
Published: August 2024

People responsible for shaping the future of cities often seek valuable tools to assist in their decision-making processes. Using objective, quantified, and analysed data proves highly beneficial when determining where to focus interventions at the city level. Various urban indexes have been established to measure different aspects of urban life, ranging from sustainability to liveability. These indexes encompass multiple dimensions of a city, including mobility and walkability, among others. The age-friendly cities initiative developed indicators for assessing the age-friendliness of cities. Some researchers further refined these indicators to focus on urban planning competencies. Building on this foundation, this article aims to present an Age-Friendly Neighbourhood Index (AFNI) validated by a panel of experts using the Delphi method. This index can serve as a valuable tool for urban planners when they need to prioritise interventions to enhance age-friendliness at neighbourhood scale. The article also outlines the necessary data and measurement techniques for these indicators. The AFNI has been applied to a real case study in the city of Santander (Spain). This application assesses the age-friendliness of various neighbourhoods in Santander, demonstrating the challenges in acquiring sub-local quality data and emphasising the need for data-driven urban management.
Nonreciprocity in CHIKV and MAYV Vaccine-Elicited Protection
Authors: Weber Whitney C. , Andoh Takeshi F. , Kreklywich Craig N. , Streblow Zachary J. , Denton Michael , Streblow Magdalene M. , Powers John M. , Sulgey Gauthami , Medica Samuel , Dmitriev Igor , Curiel David T. , Haese Nicole N. , Streblow Daniel N.
Published: August 2024

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a pathogenic arthritogenic alphavirus responsible for large-scale human epidemics for which a vaccine was recently approved for use. Mayaro virus (MAYV) is a related emerging alphavirus with epidemic potential with circulation overlap potential with CHIKV. We previously reported the ability of a non-replicating human adenovirus (AdV)-vectored vaccine expressing the MAYV structural polyprotein to protect against disease in mice following challenge with MAYV, CHIKV and UNAV. Herein, we evaluated mouse immunity and protective efficacy for an AdV-CHIKV full structural polyprotein vaccine in combination with heterologous AdV-MAYV prime/boost regimens versus vaccine coadministration. Heterologous prime/boost regimens skewed immunity toward the prime vaccine antigen but allowed for a boost of cross-neutralizing antibodies, while vaccine co-administration elicited robust, balanced responses capable of boosting. All immunization strategies protected against disease from homologous virus infection, but reciprocal protective immunity differences were revealed upon challenge with heterologous viruses. In vivo passive transfer experiments reproduced the inequity in reciprocal cross-protection after heterologous MAYV challenge. We detected in vitro antibody-dependent enhancement of MAYV replication, suggesting a potential mechanism for the lack of cross-protection. Our findings provide important insights into rational alphavirus vaccine design that may have important implications for the evolving alphavirus vaccine landscape.
Short-Term Active Safety Surveillance of the Spikevax and Nuvaxovid Priming Doses in Australia
Authors: Reynolds Renee , Tay Evelyn , Dymock Michael , Deng Lucy , Glover Catherine , Lopez Laura K. , Huang Yuanfei Anny , Cashman Patrick , Leeb Alan , Marsh Julie A. , Snelling Tom , Wood Nicholas , Macartney Kristine
Published: August 2024

Australia commenced administration of the Spikevax (Moderna mRNA-1273) COVID-19 vaccine in August 2021 and Nuvaxovid (Novavax NVX-CoV2373) in January 2022. This study describes the short-term safety profile of priming doses of the Spikevax and Nuvaxovid vaccines given between September 2021 and September 2023. Online surveys were sent via AusVaxSafety, Australia’s active vaccine safety surveillance system, three and eight days after vaccination. A total of 131,775 day 3 surveys were sent, with a response rate of 38.5% (N = 50,721). A total of 43,875 day 8 surveys matched with day 3 survey responses were sent, with a response rate of 71.5% (N = 31,355). Half (50.7%) of respondents reported any adverse event following immunisation (AEFI) in the 0–3 days after vaccination and 24.6% reported any AEFI 4–7 days after vaccination. Fatigue, local pain, headache, and myalgia were the most frequently reported symptoms for both vaccines in both periods. After adjusting for respondent characteristics, vaccination clinic type, jurisdiction, and medical conditions, the odds for reporting AEFI increased with age from 16–19 years to highest odds at 30–39 years, after which it declined. Females had greater odd of reporting AEFI than males across most age groups, vaccine types, and doses. Respondents with a history of anaphylaxis had greater odds of reporting any AEFI (adjusted OR range: 1.50–2.86). A total of 3.1% of respondents reported seeking medical review 0–3 days after vaccination. This study affirms the short-term safety of Spikevax and Nuvaxovid COVID-19 vaccine priming doses in a large sample in Australia.
Numerical Modeling of Hydrological Mechanisms and Instability for Multi-Layered Slopes
Authors: Tang Junfeng , Ma Zhuxiang , Zhou Dezhou , Zhang Shiyu , Zhang Fengmin , Zhou Xingyu , Mi Jinping
Published: August 2024

The process of rainwater infiltration into unsaturated multi-layered slopes is complex, making it extremely difficult to accurately predict slope behaviors. The hydrological mechanisms in multi-layered slopes could be significantly influenced by the varying hydraulic characteristics of different soils, thus influencing slope stability. A numerical model based on Hydrus 2D was constructed to investigate the hydrological mechanisms of multi-layered slopes under different slope inclinations and rainfall intensities. The results revealed hydraulic processes in response to rainfall in unsaturated multi-layered slopes, in which layered soils retard the advance of wetting fronts and affect seepage paths in the slope. The results also showed the characteristics of hydraulic parameters, including pore water pressure and moisture content, under different conditions, and explained the crucial factors at play in maintaining slope stability.
Optimized Longitudinal and Lateral Control Strategy of Intelligent Vehicles Based on Adaptive Sliding Mode Control
Authors: Wang Yun , Wang Zhanpeng , Shi Dapai , Chu Fulin , Guo Junjie , Wang Jiaheng
Published: August 2024

To improve the tracking accuracy and robustness of the path-tracking control model for intelligent vehicles under longitudinal and lateral coupling constraints, this paper utilizes the Kalman filter algorithm to design a longitudinal and lateral coordinated control (LLCC) strategy optimized by adaptive sliding mode control (ASMC). First, a three-degree-of-freedom (3-DOF) vehicle dynamics model was established. Next, under the fuzzy adaptive Unscented Kalman filter (UKF) theory, the vehicle state parameter estimation and road adhesion coefficient (RAC) observer were designed to estimate vehicle speed (VS), yaw rate (YR), sideslip angle (SA), and RAC. Then, a layered control concept was adopted to design the path-tracking controller, with a target VS, YR, and SA as control objectives. An upper-level adaptive sliding mode controller was designed using RBF neural networks, while a lower-level tire force distribution controller was designed using distributed sequential quadratic programming (DSQP) to obtain an optimal tire driving force. Finally, the control strategy was validated using Carsim and Matlab/Simulink software under different road adhesion coefficients and speeds. The findings indicate that the optimized control strategy is capable of adaptively adjusting control parameters to accommodate various complex conditions, enhancing the tracking precision and robustness of vehicles even further.
ANALISIS PENGARUH TEKANAN DAN RASIONALISASI TERHADAP KECURANGAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN
Authors: Arifah Lilia , Efrinal Efrinal
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of pressure and rationalization on financial statement fraud in infrastructure sector BUMN companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2022 period. The population of this study are state-owned infrastructure companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2022 period. Samples were taken using purposive sampling technique. The sample used in this study were 6 BUMN companies in the infrastructure sector which were listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2022 period, so that the research data analyzed totaled 36. Tests in this study used Multiple Linear Regression Analysis with the Eviews program version 12. The results of the study were partial shows that pressure proxied using Return on Assets (ROA) has a positive and insignificant effect on fraudulent financial statements and rationalization proxied using Change in Auditor has a positive and significant effect on fraudulent financial statements. The results of the study simultaneously show that pressure proxied using Return on Assets (ROA) and rationalization proxied using Change in Auditor have no simultaneous effect on fraudulent financial statements.
A CIDADE E O CONSERVATÓRIO NA CONSTRUÇÃO DE SUJEITOS
Authors: Ferrari Anderson
Published: August 2024

O Conservatório de Música Lia Salgado foi fundado em 1956, na cidade de Leopoldina como parte de um projeto de educação mais amplo de investimento nas Artes. Considerando a importância deste projeto, sobretudo o papel desenvolvido pelo Conservatório na cidade, estamos interessados em discutir os processos de subjetivação a partir deste espaço e das artes. Processos de subjetivação que dizem das diferentes maneiras e mecanismos de constituição dos sujeitos, envolvendo discursos, práticas, mecanismos, espaços, histórias. Assim sendo, procuramos analisar as relações que atravessam a constituição desses sujeitos como alunos de um Conservatório Estadual de Música, como moradores de uma cidade do interior de Minas, ou seja, como alunos e moradores de uma cidade do interior de Minas que tem um Conservatório de Música fruto de um contexto histórico, de um tempo-espaço outro que se relaciona com a ideia de cidade e de sujeito, de passado-presente. Como essa relação Cidade-Conservatório se constrói e se sustenta bem ao estilo arqueológico de Foucault, ou seja, uma escavação no sentido de descortinar as práticas e os discursos que foram nos atravessando e constituindo o que somos como sujeitos e “isso” que chamamos “realidade”?
O AMBIENTE ESCOLAR COMO RECEPTÁCULO DIGITAL: IMPACTOS DA CIBERCULTURA
Authors: Ferreira Roni Costa , Barbosa Wladimir , Duarte Sérgio
Published: August 2024

Realizada durante os anos de 2014 e 2015 em uma escola do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - Brasil, a pesquisa em questão, apresenta os impactos provocados no interior do ambiente escolar pela Cibercultura e revelando desafios educacionais provocados pela interação dos discentes com as comunidades digitais. Os resultados apontam a escola como um universo social despreparado para perceber e articular problemas sociotecnológicos. Contudo, as redes sociais promovem a comunicação e a sociabilidade escolar, desenvolvendo a aprendizagem discente, desde que a análise crítica esteja dentro de uma formação digital mais ampla.
Metáforas Fundamentais da Tecnologia Educacional
Authors: Lemgruber Márcio , Ferreira Giselle
Published: August 2024

Segundo a Teoria da Argumentação, metáforas fundamentais consistem em associações oriundas do mundo físico que têm caráter balizador da percepção. Este artigo discute metáforas fundamentais na educação, focalizando metáforas da tecnologia. Em particular, analisa as metáforas do Lego e puzzle, associadas à recontextualização de artefatos e concepções da computação na educação a partir, por exemplo, das noções de Objetos de Aprendizagem e Recursos Educacionais Abertos. Propõe que essas imagens refletem a fragmentação e desumanização de processos educacionais associadas à automação, e sugere a criação de um mosaico como uma metáfora mais adequada ao pensar e fazer educacionais que acomodam o humano em sua multiplicidade.
Entrevista 1 - Prof. Dr. Nelson Pretto
Authors: Santos Edmea , Pesce Lucila , Bruno Adriana Rocha
Published: August 2024

Professor Titular (e ativista) da Faculdade de Educação www.faced.ufba.br da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA)/Brasil, aborda na entrevista, além de sua trajetória como docente, pesquisador e militante, aspectos centrais para este número temático, como a relação entre Educação e Net-ativismo, a relação entre educação e cibercultura, em um cenário de resistência e os principais desafios, possibilidades e perspectivas, na relação entre educação e cibercultura, em contexto de resistência, no Brasil e no mundo.
MODERNIZAÇÃO ECONÔMICA E FORMAÇÃO DE FORÇA DE TRABALHO: O COLÉGIO POLIVALENTE DE UBERABA (1971-1982)
Authors: Morais Renant Araújo , Gonçalves Neto Wenceslau
Published: August 2024

O presente trabalho aborda a história do Colégio Polivalente de Uberaba (Minas Gerais). A pesquisa tem como marcos cronológicos os anos de 1971 e 1982, período em que essa instituição vivenciou de forma mais intensa as características básicas que norteavam a organização das escolas polivalentes. Do ponto de vista metodológico o trabalho abrange pesquisa bibliográfica e documental procurando identificar o contexto histórico em que essa escola foi criada e o que ela trazia de diferente com relação à organização curricular e à metodologia de ensino. Constatou-se que as escolas polivalentes foram criadas na conjuntura da ditadura militar (1964-1985) em um momento marcado por desenvolvimento econômico que demandava mão de obra com certa qualificação. As escolas polivalentes procuravam integrar uma formação de cultura geral com uma formação de cultura técnica e científica visando a preparação futura de força de trabalho através da sondagem de aptidões e das disciplinas de artes práticas.
Estudo comparativo entre jovens chineses e brasileiros: semelhanças e diferenças entre mundos não tão distantes
Authors: Severo Ricardo Gonçalves
Published: August 2024

A resenha apresenta sinteticamente os resultados da pesquisa que gerou a publicação do livro Jovens Universitários em um mundo em transformação: uma pesquisa sino-brasileira, organizado por Tom Dwyer, Eduardo Luiz Zen, Wivian Weller, Jiu Shunguang e Guo Kaiyuan, publicado em 2016. Resultado de um esforço iniciado em 2004 pela Sociedade Brasileira de Sociologia (SBS) em contato com o governo chinês, especialmente com o Centro de Pesquisa em Infância e Juventude da China, foi produzida uma agenda de pesquisa sobre juventude em ambos os países, o que foi feito com aplicação de survey em 2012 com questionário construído por uma equipe de pesquisadores que tratavam de diversos temas. Como resultado o livro traz a análise dos dados da juventude de cada país, servindo como fonte de informações seja de cada uma das realidades ou na observação dos contrastes, sendo possível identificar diferenças e semelhanças entre as juventudes chinesa e brasileira.
JOGOS DO FACEBOOK COMO AMBIÊNCIAS HÍBRIDAS FORMATIVAS NO ENSINO DE BIOLOGIA
Authors: Amorim Douglas Carvalho , Paulo Leopoldo Mercado Luis
Published: August 2024

No contexto da cibercultura, em que as tecnologias digitais da informação e comunicação (TDIC) se apresentam como “salvadoras” ou “vilãs” na Educação, é necessária uma visão equilibrada em torno da abordagem delas em cenários educativos e os jogos digitais podem contribuir neste sentido. O estudo que deu origem a este artigo teve objetivo de investigar se os jogos do Facebook se configuram como ambiências híbridas formativas no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de Biologia. O estudo envolveu dois professores de Biologia e foi utilizada a entrevista semiestruturadas para a coleta de dados. Os dados coletados foram analisados utilizando a técnica análise do conteúdo. Os principais achados foram que existem jogos que se configuram como ambiências híbridas formativas sob mediação pedagógica dos professores.
DE MEMES A FAKE NEWS
Authors: Carriço de Almeida Wallace , Santos Edmea
Published: August 2024

O presente artigo é uma análise dos achados de uma pesquisa- -formação que acontece no programa de pós-graduação em educação da UFRRJ, que tem como campo de pesquisa o cotidiano da disciplina de “Informática na Educação” do curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia a distância pela UERJ/CEDERJ/UAB. Nosso objetivo era compreender quais os usos que os praticantes culturais fazem de seus dispositivos móveis e como são instituídas as práticas de App-Learning em seu cotidiano para formar docentes na Cibercultura. Partimos desse contexto para pesquisar a emergência das fake news e suas repercussões na sociedade, inclusive na educação, para propor estratégias e metodologias de pesquisa-formação em tempos de pós-verdade (SANTAELLA).
DE TUTOR A PROFESSOR MEDIADOR A DISTÂNCIA
Authors: Ereni Pimenta Arruda Durcelina , Abreu Pereira Erika
Published: August 2024

Este estudo propõe a reflexão sobre as transformações na configuração do trabalho docente por meio da EaD. Discutimos a iniciativa Bolsa- -Formação do programa Pronatec que instituiu o professor mediador a distância em uma função semelhante a do tutor. Os dados revelam que mudou a nomenclatura, mas as atividades desempenhadas pelos profissionais são as mesmas da tutoria. Outros fatores se destacaram tais como aumento no valor da bolsa, aumento no número de alunos e local de realização trabalho. Embora a iniciativa Bolsa-Formação apresente maior valorização financeira, os profissionais permanecem na condição de bolsistas. Esses fatores denotam as diversas formas nas quais a docência vem se estabelecendo na EaD da rede pública brasileira.
DIMENSÃO FORMATIVA DA NORMA/REGRA NA SALA DE AULA
Authors: Kuhn Martin , Deon Alana Rigo
Published: August 2024

A reflexão proposta volta-se a discussão da norma e da regra como dimensão formativa na sala de aula. Propomo-nos a discuti-la na escola pela importância à formação das crianças, adolescentes e jovens. A educação escolar é uma ação intencional, proposital e sistemática e, como tal, requer que se oriente sob os pressupostos éticos e morais. Trata-se de uma discussão bibliográfica referenciada em autores que discutem a questão ética e moral a partir de uma compreensão republicana de educação. Estrutura-se em duas partes: primeiramente o que se compreende por ética e moral e, num segundo, momento aprofunda a questão das normas/regras/disciplinas como elementos imprescindíveis à formação humana no âmbito da educação escolar.
PAISAGENS DA EDUCAÇÃO DAS ARTES VISUAIS ‘COM’ O CAMPO
Authors: Oliveira Marilda Oliveira de , Mossi Cristian Poletti , Cardonetti Vivien Kelling , Garlet Francieli Regina
Published: August 2024

Este artigo busca pensar uma educação das artes visuais ‘com’ o campo. A preposição ‘com’ sugere o desejo de um arranjo que escapa da ideia de levar até o campo o que, de um lugar específico de fala, nomeia-se como artes visuais. Assim, a partir do posicionamento teórico/metodológico da cultura visual, este texto procura problematizar o que é possível aprender na interlocução dessas duas paisagens. A escrita ensaia-se, portanto, com arranjos entre signos da área das artes visuais – cultura visual e diários visuais e/ou textuais –, e signos do território da educação do campo – caderno da realidade e pedagogia da alternância.
A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES NO CONTEXTO DAS ORIENTAÇÕES DO BANCO MUNDIAL
Authors: Patrícia Márcia Ângela , Cavalcante França Rosângela de Fátima
Published: August 2024

Este artigo objetiva traçar reflexões sobre a parceria público-privada a partir da influência do Banco Mundial nas políticas públicas para a formação docente. Expõe os desdobramentos da reforma do Estado brasileiro, que incide nas parcerias público-privadas, intensificadas a partir da década de 1990. Discorre sobre o relatório do Banco Mundial “Professores Excelentes: Como melhorar a aprendizagem dos estudantes na América Latina e no Caribe”, documento desse estudo, analisado pelo viés crítico. O resultado demonstra a indução no relatório para a parceria público-privada por meio de ONG, inspirado nos moldes neoliberais, consequentemente uma educação para atender as demandas do capital.