bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uso pré-hospitalar do ácido tranexâmico
Authors: Thiengo Vinicius Fernandes , Moreira Tais Mazolli , Corrales William Vitor Rato , Rampinelli Adenilton Motta
Published: May 2020

Introdução: Estudos demonstram a eficácia do uso do ácido tranexâmico (AT) em ambiente hospitalar no manejo de hemorragias decorrentes do trauma, porém, a eficácia no seu uso em meio pré-hospitalar ainda é discutida. Objetivos: Avaliar os estudos referentes ao uso do AT no meio pré-hospitalar. Métodos: A estratégia de busca baseou-se na pesquisa de artigos nas bases de dados PubMed/MedLine e SciELO e usou como descritores os termos “tranexamic AND prehospital AND trauma”, em todos os idiomas, o que resultou em 37 artigos após análise final. Resultados: Os estudos analisados mostraram redução da taxa de mortalidade quando o AT é administrado em até 3 horas após o trauma. O uso militar do AT já é realizado por alguns países com estudos que confirmam seus benefícios. Não foram encontrados estudos nacionais sobre o assunto e também não foram encontrados artigos em que a classe pediátrica fosse incluída. Conclusão: Os resultados das pesquisas analisadas corroboram com a eficácia do uso pré-hospitalar do AT, porém alguns pontos ainda precisam ser analisados em pesquisas futuras como a eficácia e segurança do uso pré-hospitalar de AT em crianças e também seu uso em território nacional, já que não foram encontrados artigos que abordem esses temas. Resultados de estudos em andamento podem esclarecer melhor o seu uso.
The teaching of health promotion and interprofessional education as a learning tool in undergratuated courses
Authors: Chagas Kleber Jessivaldo Gomes das , Gonçalves Johny Everson , Saraiva Gabriella Seixas Sampaio , Lisboa Gabriela , Germani Ana Claudia Camargo Gonçalves
Published: May 2020

Given the integrality of the health-disease-care process, and the importance of health promotion in this context, the training of future health professionals must include the development of abilities that allow a full therapeutic plan centered on the patient. In order to achieve this goal, there are some initiatives being employed in several countries that aim to offer a better formation for their health care professionals, capacitating them in offering a more integral care, based on collaborative practices. Objective: To verify the teaching of skills and abilities listed in CompHP in some of the health care courses in USP, and to compare the use of Interprofessional Education as a polishing tool in these students’ training with the HPAC Guide. Method: Preliminary exploratory qualitative study based on the documental analysis of the pedagogical-political-project (PPP) and the description of disciplines in eight courses in USP-SP, comparing them with guidelines from CompHP and HPAC.
A revista Arquitetura e Urbanismo do IAB: metropolização e modernização no Brasil dos anos 1930
Authors: Rodrigues André Cruz
Published: May 2020

O artigo observa a cultura arquitetônica moderna no Brasil através da revista Arquitetura e Urbanismo, órgão oficial do IAB Instituto de Arquitetos do Brasil, tomando como recorte específico o período de circulação do periódico, que vai de 1936 a 1942. Após situar a revista enquanto objeto cultural e meio de comunicação especializado produzido por arquitetos para arquitetos, a discussão avança, utilizando-se dos conceitos de metropolização e modernização como suporte argumentativo para a análise de algumas arquiteturas publicadas pela revista do IAB cuja modernidade implícita ainda não encontrou espaço nas narrativas bem delineadas dos manuais de história da arquitetura.
Carcinoma tímico
Authors: Boyadjian Armeny Arantes , Beneduzzi Maria Luisa , Fregonesi Carla Medeiros , Prado Isadora Salviano Teixeira , Mello Denise Fabri Rezende Engracia , Landell Glaucia Aparecida Magnani , Bernardes Filho Fred , Valentin Marcus Vinicius Nascimento , Queiroz Rodolfo Mendes
Published: May 2020

Relatamos o caso de um paciente do sexo feminino, 76 anos, com tosse há seis meses. Os exames laboratoriais estavam normais. Na radiografia do tórax observou-se alargamento do mediastino no terço médio do tórax. Posteriormente, foram realizadas tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética do tórax que caracterizaram uma massa localizada no mediastino anterior, envolvendo a aorta ascendente e comprimindo a veia cava superior. O diagnóstico histológico pós-biópsia e ressecção parcial da lesão foi de um carcinoma tímico de células escamosas.
Medição da cortical óssea através de radiografia panorâmica para diagnóstico de osteopenia e osteoporose em mulheres
Authors: Menezes Rodrigo Coelho Bezerra , Paula Bruna Balbino de , Pereira Yamba Carla Lara
Published: May 2020

Modelo do estudo: Estudo de prevalência. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de osteopenia e osteoporose diagnosticadas por radiografia panorâmica através de medidas qualitativas do córtex ósseo mandibular. Materiais e métodos: Foram utilizados o índice de Klemetti e o índice de Benson através de paquímetro digital. A análise descritiva dos dados foi realizada no Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) V.20.0. Resultados: Das cinquenta radiografias panorâmicas avaliadas de mulheres com média de idade de 43,04 anos, 15 mulheres (30%) foram diagnosticadas com osteopenia pelo índice de Klemetti, não havendo casos de osteoporose na amostra. Em relação ao índice de Benson, os resultados mostraram média de 4,24 mm (DP: 0,54), com valor mínimo de 3,30 e máximo de 6,10 mm. Conclusão: Nossos achados evidenciam a importância da radiografia panorâmica para o diagnóstico precoce de osteopenia e osteoporose. A radiografia panorâmica apresenta baixo custo e facilidade de uso pelos cirurgiões-dentistas, sendo um exame amplamente utilizado em diversas áreas da odontologia.
Cartografia social e uso de mapeamentos participativos na demarcação de terras indígenas: o caso da TI Porto Limoeiro-AM
Authors: Pelegrina Marcos Aurélio
Published: May 2020

Neste trabalho, explora-se o uso da cartografia social como fonte de dados para produção de informação para elaboração de cartografia cadastral para homologação de Terra Indígena. O caso de estudo demonstra a possibilidade de produzir cartografia para homologação de Terra Indígena em processos de delimitação e demarcação no país. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a metodologia utilizada na delimitação da Terra Indígena (TI) Porto Limoeiro, através da cartografia social, visando demostrar a importância social do trabalho realizado, seu reconhecimento e regularização de áreas indígenas, com possível diminuição de conflitos de terra. Também traz a discussão de uma metodologia de trabalho, que abre um campo de investigação aos geógrafos para produção de dados geoespaciais com a participação social. O resultado da delimitação da TI Porto Limoeiro foi determinada pela Portaria PRES/130 de 28 de fevereiro de 2003 da Presidência da Funai, que constitui o Grupo de Trabalho (GT); as atividades foram realizadas no período de 15 de março a 14 de abril de 2003. O trabalho estava aguardando homologação da demarcação da Terra Indígena para publicação científica dos resultados. O estudo comprovou que é importante trabalhar com a cartografia social na homologação de terras indígenas, uma vez que este é um fator decisivo na consideração na delimitação da área.
Ensaio sobre a relação entre desenvolvimento geográfico desigual e regionalização do espaço brasileiro
Authors: Cruz Rita de Cássia Ariza da
Published: May 2020

Neste artigo, analisamos a regionalização do espaço brasileiro com base na noção de desenvolvimento geográfico desigual. Partimos de regionalizações de diferentes épocas e autores, fundamentadas em metodologias também diferentes, e, a partir daí, dirigimos o olhar para o processo histórico de produção do espaço brasileiro considerando seus legados espaciais. As noções de totalidade, fragmentação do espaço e configuração geográfica são centrais para esta análise, assim como as noções de divisão territorial do trabalho, forças produtivas e condições gerais de produção. Ao final, sobrepomos cartograficamente informações acerca da distribuição geográfica da força de trabalho no país, a rede rodoviária federal e um indicador de renda, de que resulta um mapa síntese da regionalização do espaço brasileiro.
Ablation of Reentry-Vulnerable Zones Determined by Left Ventricular Activation From Multiple Directions: A Novel Approach for Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation
Authors: Anter Elad , Neuzil Petr , Reddy Vivek Y. , Petru Jan , Park Kyoung-Min , Sroubek Jakub , Leshem Eran , Zimetbaum Peter J. , Buxton Alfred E. , Kleber Andre G. , Shen Changyu , Wit Andrew L.
Published: May 2020

Background:

The optimal method to identify the arrhythmogenic substrate of scar-related ventricular tachycardia (VT) is unknown. Sites of activation slowing during sinus rhythm (SR) often colocalize with the VT circuit. However, the utility and limitations of such approach for guiding ablation are unknown.

Methods:

We conducted a multicenter study in patients with infarct-related VT. The left ventricular (LV) was mapped during activation from 3 directions: SR (or atrial pacing), right ventricular, and LV pacing at 600 ms. Ablation was applied selectively to the cumulative area of slow activation, defined as the sum of all regions with activation times of ≥40 ms per 10 mm. Hemodynamically tolerated VTs were mapped with activation or entrainment. The primary outcome was a composite of appropriate implanted cardioverter-defibrillator therapies and cardiovascular death.

Results:

In 85 patients, the LV was mapped during activation from 2.4±0.6 directions. The direction of LV activation influenced the location and magnitude of activation slowing. The spatial overlap of activation slowing between SR and right ventricular pacing was 84.2±7.1%, between SR and LV pacing was 61.4±8.8%, and between right ventricular and LV pacing was 71.3±9.6% (
P
<0.05 between all comparisons). Mapping during SR identified only 66.2±8.2% of the entire area of activation slowing and 58% critical isthmus sites. Activation from other directions by right ventricular and LV stimulation unmasked an additional 33% of slowly conducting zones and 25% critical isthmus sites. The area of maximal activation slowing often corresponded to the site where the wavefront first interacted with the infarct. During a follow-up period of 3.6 years, the primary end point occurred in 14 out of 85 (16.5%) patients.

Conclusions:

The spatial distribution of activation slowing is dependent on the direction of LV activation with the area of maximal slowing corresponding to the site where the wavefront first interacts with the infarct. This data may have implications for VT substrate mapping strategies.
Usefulness of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Bohbot Yohann , Renard Cédric , Manrique Alain , Levy Franck , Maréchaux Sylvestre , Gerber Bernhard L. , Tribouilloy Christophe
Published: May 2020

The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the role of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in aortic stenosis (AS). Although CMR is undeniably the gold standard for assessing left ventricular volume, mass, and function, the assessment of the left ventricular repercussions of AS by CMR is not routinely performed in clinical practice, and its role in evaluating and quantifying AS is not yet well established. CMR is an imaging modality integrating myocardial function and disease, which could be particularly useful in a pathology like AS that should be considered as a global myocardial disease rather than an isolated valve disease. In this review, we discuss the emerging potential of CMR for the diagnosis and prognosis of AS. We detail its utility for studying all aspects of AS, including valve anatomy, flow quantification, left ventricular volumes, mass, remodeling, and function, tissue mapping, and 4-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging. We also discuss different clinical situations where CMR could be useful in AS, for example, in low-flow low-gradient AS to confirm the low-flow state and to understand the reason for the left ventricular dysfunction or when there is a suspicion of associated cardiac amyloidosis.
Accelerated Early Vascular Aging Among Adolescents With Obesity and/or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ryder Justin R. , Northrop Elise , Rudser Kyle D. , Kelly Aaron S. , Gao Zhiqian , Khoury Philip R. , Kimball Thomas R. , Dolan Lawrence M. , Urbina Elaine M.
Published: May 2020

Background

The normal rate of subclinical vascular aging from adolescence to young adulthood has not been well‐characterized. We conducted a 5‐year longitudinal study among adolescents with normal‐weight, obesity, and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus to examine trajectories of early vascular aging.

Methods and Results

Adolescents (mean [SD] age 17.6 [3.5]; 35.3% male) had either normal weight (n=141), obesity (n=156), or type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=151) at baseline. Primary metrics used for early vascular aging included measures of vascular structure (carotid intima‐media thickness [cIMT]; common, internal, and bulb) and arterial stiffness (carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity, and augmentation index). Longitudinal (5‐year) outcomes were examined using generalized estimating equations adjusting for baseline value, sex, race, and age. Compared with participants with normal weight, those with obesity had greater positive change in common cIMT (0.05 mm [0.03, 0.06];
P
<0.001), bulb cIMT (0.02 mm [0.00, 0.05];
P
=0.033), internal cIMT (0.03 mm [0.01, 0.05];
P
<0.001), and pulse wave velocity carotid‐femoral (0.38 m/sec [0.14, 0.61];
P
=0.001), and those with type 2 diabetes mellitus had greater positive change in common cIMT (0.05 mm [0.04, 0.07];
P
<0.001), bulb cIMT (0.06 mm [0.04, 0.09];
P
<0.001), internal cIMT (0.04 mm [0.02, 0.07];
P
<0.001), augmentation index (4.67% [2.20, 7.13];
P
<0.001), and pulse wave velocity carotid‐femoral (0.74 m/sec [0.46, 1.02];
P
<0.001). Higher baseline systolic blood pressure was associated with greater positive change in common cIMT (0.007 mm [0.003, 0.011];
P
<0.001), bulb cIMT (0.009 mm [0.002, 0.016];
P
=0.01), internal cIMT (0.008 mm [0.003, 0.013];
P
=0.001), and pulse wave velocity carotid‐femoral (0.066 m/sec [0.002, 0.130];
P
=0.042).

Conclusions

These longitudinal data support the hypothesis that the presence of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and elevated baseline systolic blood pressure in early life accelerates the progression of risk factors key in the development of early vascular aging.
Comprehensive Management With the ABC (Atrial Fibrillation Better Care) Pathway in Clinically Complex Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Post Hoc Ancillary Analysis From the AFFIRM Trial
Authors: Proietti Marco , Romiti Giulio Francesco , Olshansky Brian , Lane Deirdre A. , Lip Gregory Y. H.
Published: May 2020

Background

For patients with atrial fibrillation, a comprehensive care approach based on the Atrial fibrillation Better Care (
ABC
) pathway can reduce the occurrence of adverse outcomes. The aim of this paper was to investigate if an approach based on the
ABC
pathway is associated with a reduced risk of adverse events in “clinically complex” atrial fibrillation patients, including those with multiple comorbidities, polypharmacy, and prior hospitalizations.

Methods and Results

We performed a post hoc analysis of the AFFIRM (Atrial Fibrillation Follow‐up Investigation of Rhythm Management) trial. The principal outcome was the composite of all‐cause hospitalization and all‐cause death. An integrated care approach (
ABC
group) was used in 3.8% of the multimorbidity group, 4.0% of the polypharmacy group, and 4.8%, of the hospitalized groups. In all “clinically complex” groups, the cumulative risk of the composite outcome was significantly lower in patients managed consistent with the
ABC
pathway versus non‐
ABC
pathway‐adherent (all
P
<0.05). Cox regression analysis showed a reduction of composite outcomes in
ABC
pathway‐adherent versus non‐
ABC
pathway‐adherent for multimorbidity (hazard ratio [
HR
], 0.61, 95% CI, 0.44–0.85), polypharmacy (
HR
, 0.68, 95%
CI
, 0.47–1.00), and hospitalization (
HR
, 0.59, 95%
CI
, 0.42–0.85) groups. Secondary analyses showed that the higher number of
ABC
criteria fulfilled the larger associated reduction in relative risk, even for secondary outcomes considered.

Conclusions

Use of an
ABC
consistent pathway is associated with fewer major adverse events in patients with atrial fibrillation who have multiple comorbidities, use of polypharmacy, and prior hospitalization.
Ownership and Productivity in Vertically Integrated Firms: Evidence from the Chinese Steel Industry
Authors: Brandt Loren , Jiang Feitao , Luo Yao , Su Yingjun
Published: May 2020

We study productivity differences in vertically integrated steel facilities using equipment-level information on inputs and output for each of the main stages in the value chain. We obtain stage-level productivity estimates by estimating a multistage production system and then integrate them into estimates for integrated facilities. At this level, we do not find statistically significant differences in productivity by ownership. This conceals important differences upstream and downstream in the value chain: private firms outperform in pig iron and steelmaking but lag in sintering. Inferior access to higher-quality raw materials and use of less automated technology are likely sources of these differences.
Rhythms of nutag
Authors: Namsaraeva Sayana
Published: May 2020

While Henri Lefebvre used his rhythmanalysis for analysing urban spaces and the effects of those rhythms on the inhabitants of those spaces, I attempt to apply it to a more rural and non-European environment, the comparatively small and familiar space of a Mongolian nutag. Case studies based on oral and written Buryat and Barga Mongols’ accounts demonstrate that entering the spiritually thick atmosphere of the nutag (crossing its borders) requires a certain slowing down and tactical deceleration to adjust to local rhythms. To examine the hierarchy of the various contingent forces that influence people and their movement either in their own or in khari nutag [foreign land], I elaborate host–guest relations into a triangulated arrangement of relations between ezed masters, guests and the locals. To borrow an expression from physics to add to our analytical vocabulary of writing on slowness and deceleration, each nutag appears to be a sort of a ‘viscous medium’ with different rhythms and fluids creating more drag on objects (people) moving through it.
Early Introduction of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Caries Trajectories from Age 12 to 48 Months
Authors: Bernabé E. , Ballantyne H. , Longbottom C. , Pitts N.B.
Published: May 2020

Early exposure to sweet tastes predicts similar food preferences and eating behavior in later life and is associated with childhood obesity. The aim of this study was to explore the associations of early (during the first year of life) and subsequent intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) with 4-y caries trajectories among Scottish young children. We used data from 1,111 Scottish children who were followed annually from age 12 to 48 mo (4 sweeps in total). SSB intake was reported by parents in every sweep. SSB intake was broken down into 2 components, the initial SSB intake and the deviation over time from that initial value. Childhood dental caries was clinically determined (including noncavitated and cavitated lesions) every year. The association of SSB intake with baseline decayed, missing, and filled tooth surfaces (dmfs) (intercept) and rate of change in dmfs over time (slope) was examined in 2-level linear mixed-effects models, with repeated observations nested within children. Both the initial SSB intake and the deviation from the initial SSB intake were positively associated with steeper caries trajectories. By sweep 4, the predicted mean dmfs difference was 1.73 between children with low and high initial SSB intake (1 standard deviation below and above the mean) and 1.17 between children with low and high deviation from their initial SSB intake (1 SD below and above the mean). The findings of this prospective study among Scottish young children provide evidence that the introduction of SSBs during the first year of life can put children in a trajectory of high levels of dental caries. They support current recommendations to avoid sugars for very young children and interventions targeting early feeding practices for caries prevention.
Extremely Negative Ratings and Online Consumer Review Helpfulness: The Moderating Role of Product Quality Signals
Authors: Filieri Raffaele , Raguseo Elisabetta , Vitari Claudio
Published: May 2020

Contrasting findings about the role of extremely negative ratings (ENRR) are found in the literature, thus suggesting that not all ENRR are perceived as helpful by consumers. In order to shed light on the most helpful ENRR, we have drawn on negativity bias and signaling theory, and we have analyzed the moderating role of product quality signals in the relationship between ENRR and review helpfulness. The study is based on the analysis of 9,479 online reviews, posted on TripAdvisor.com, pertaining to 220 French hotels. The findings highlight that ENRR is judged as being more helpful when the hotel has been awarded a certificate of excellence, and when the average rating score and the hotel classification are higher. On the basis of these results, we recommend that managers of higher category hotels, with a certificate of excellence and with higher average score ratings, pay more attention to extremely negative judgments.
Gratitude as a Mediator of the Effects of Savoring on Positive Adjustment to Aging
Authors: Bryant Fred B. , Osowski Karen A. , Smith Jennifer L.
Published: May 2020

We extended the previous experimental work with older adults by testing mediating variables through which savoring valuable “life lessons” improves attitudes toward aging and boosts well-being. A sample of 202 adults aged 65 or older were randomly assigned to either an experimental condition (in which they reflected on important lessons life had taught them) or a control condition (in which they reflected on their typical morning routine). Contemplating life lessons increased feelings of gratitude, which in turn boosted positive attitudes toward aging, life satisfaction, state hope, and state self-esteem. Additional analyses supported a three-path mediational model, in which reflecting on life lessons increased levels of savoring, which led to greater gratitude, which in turn predicted stronger positive attitudes toward aging, life satisfaction, and hope. We discuss implications of these findings for future research on savoring interventions for older adults and suggest future directions designed to advance understanding of these experimental effects.
Embracing Robustness and Reliability in the Science of Organizations
Authors: Lee Gwendolyn K. , Wang Mo
Published: May 2020

The science of organizations increases its credibility when it embraces research with an explicit focus on robustness and reliability. This special issue of curated commentaries recommends and illustrates how to incorporate robust and reliable research practices in organizational research. Together, these commentaries help researchers make contributions to improving every step of the research trajectory—theory development, methodology, and the process of quality control through peer review.
Changing Shapes of Care: Expressions of Filial Piety among Second-generation Chinese in the Netherlands
Authors: Cheung Sie-Long , Barf Hans , Cummings Sarah , Hobbelen Hans , Chui Ernest Wing-Tak
Published: May 2020

This study explored perceptions of filial care among second-generation Chinese immigrants in the Netherlands. The provision of filial help or care can be regarded as a cultural phenomenon known as filial piety and it can be considered within the broad scope of caregiving as “family care”. Fifteen interviews were conducted, and a thematic analysis was applied. The findings showed that care was given in the form of language brokering, information inquiry, home visits, and facilitative and social support. Care was perceived as a moral duty among the participants and was grounded in their perceived sense of responsibility. The participants’ perspectives on current and future care included practical and normative considerations for meeting parental needs, and included opinions based on filial piety norms. In conclusion, this study showed that filial piety, specifically filial care, is still relevant to the younger immigrant Chinese community in the Netherlands.
Husserl’s Theory of Communication
Authors: Pantev Boris
Published: May 2020

This article outlines the emergence of Husserl’s theory of ‘communication proper’ ( Mitteilung or Kommunikation) in the context of his genetic analyses of intersubjectivity. It defines the meaning and function of Mitteilung in contradistinction with the notion of empathy and thus demonstrates its distinct generative constitution. I propose that Mitteilung has the capacity to cancel the ‘operative’ opposition between social acts and instinctive intersubjectivity and thus to frame a non-determinist theory of sociality. This capacity is largely ignored by the dominant interpretation, according to which the concept of communication in Husserl is derivative of the more fundamental category of empathy. A major consequence to this argument is that it determines why eminent readers of Husserl such as Derrida have missed an important opportunity when they failed to notice the distinct role of Mitteilung. This alternative view is expanded onto communication media in general by taking Kittler’s project as a vantage point.
Methods for datafication, datafication of methods: Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Lomborg Stine , Dencik Lina , Moe Hallvard
Published: May 2020

Digital media enable processes of datafication: users' online activities leave digital traces that are transformed into data points in databases, kept by service providers and other private and public organisations, and repurposed for commercial exploitation, business innovation, surveillance -- and research. Increasingly, this also extends to sensors and recognition technologies that turn homes and cities, as well as our own bodies, into data points to be collected and analysed So-called ‘traditional’ media industries, too, including public service broadcasting, have been datafied, tracking and profiling audiences, algorithmically processing data for greater personalisation as a way to compete with new players and streaming services. Datafication both raises new research questions and brings about new avenues, and an array of tools, for empirical research. This special issue is dedicated to exploring these, linking them to broader historical trajectories of social science methodologies as well as to central concerns and perspectives in media and communication research. As such, this special issue grapples with approaches to empirical research that interlink questions of methods and tools with epistemology and practice. It discusses the datafication of methods, as well as methods for studying datafication. With this we hope to enable reflection of what research questions media and communication scholars should ask of datafication, and how new and existing methods enable us to answer them.
The effectiveness of Kinesio Taping® for mobility and functioning improvement in knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial
Authors: Donec Venta , Kubilius Raimondas
Published: May 2020

Objective:

To evaluate the effectiveness of the Kinesio Taping® method for mobility and functioning improvement for patients with knee osteoarthritis (KO).

Design:

Randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial.

Setting:

Outpatient rehabilitation department.

Subjects:

A total of 187 subjects with symptomatic I–III grade KO participated; of these, 157 subjects were included in the analyses (intervention group, n = 81 (123 knees); control group, n = 76 (114 knees).

Intervention:

The intervention group received a specific Kinesio Taping application, and the control group received non-specific knee taping for a month.

Main measures:

Changes in Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores (KOOS), knee active range of motion, 10-Meter Walk, and the five times sit to stand tests (5xSST) were assessed at baseline, after four weeks of taping, and a month post taping intervention. Subjective participants’ experiences and opinions on the effect of knee taping were evaluated. The chosen level of significance was p < 0.05.

Results:

The mean age of participants was 68.7 ± 9.9 in intervention group and 70.6 ± 8.3 in control group ( p > 0.05). The change from baseline in gait speed in the intervention group after taping month was +0.04 ± 0.1 m/s, at follow-up +0.06 ± 0.1 m/s; in control group +0.07 ± 0.1 m/s, and +0.09 ± 0.1 m/s; the change in time needed to accomplish 5xSST was –2.2 ± 3.2 seconds, at follow-up –2.4 ± 3.1 seconds; in control group –2.8 ± 3.6 seconds, and –2.4 ± 4 seconds. Improved knee flexion and enhancement in functioning assessed by KOOS were noticed in both groups, with lasting improvement to follow up. No difference in the change in the above-mentioned outcomes was found between groups ( p > 0.05). Fewer subjects (6.2% (5) vs. 21.1% (16), χ2 = 7.5, df = 2, p = 0.024) from Kinesio Taping group were unsure if taping alleviated their mobility and more intervention group patients indicated higher subjective satisfaction with the effect of knee taping to symptom and mobility alleviation than control group ( p < 0.005).

Conclusion:

Investigated Kinesio Taping technique did not produce better results in mobility and functioning improvement over non-specific knee taping; however, it had higher patient-reported subjective value for symptom attenuation and experienced mobility enhancement.
Does Coloring Reduce Anxiety? Comparing the Psychological and Psychophysiological Benefits of Coloring Versus Drawing
Authors: Turturro Nicole , Drake Jennifer E.
Published: May 2020

In this study, we compared the psychological and psychophysiological benefits of coloring to drawing as a means of distraction versus expression. Participants were 60 undergraduates who experienced an anxiety induction. We then randomly assigned them to color a design, draw a design (distract), or draw to express their negative thoughts and feelings. Anxiety was measured before and after the anxiety induction and after drawing. Heart rate, respiratory sinus arrhythmia, and skin conductance were measured throughout the testing session. Finally, participants completed a flow and enjoyment questionnaire. All three activities reduced anxiety and decreased heart rate and increased respiratory sinus arrhythmia with no differences across conditions. Those in the draw a design condition enjoyed the activity more than those in the draw to express condition. We conclude that drawing, regardless of emotion regulation strategy used, reduces anxiety but that distracting graphic activities result in more enjoyment.
Path Dependency versus Social Unionism in Healthcare: Bringing Employers Back in
Authors: Batt Rosemary , Kallas John , Appelbaum Eileen
Published: May 2020

A central problem in contemporary employment relations is the fragmentation of work. This process is occurring in health systems as they decentralize services from hospitals to outpatient centers. While some unions have maintained inclusive employment systems, others have not. What explains this variation? The authors address this question through a matched case comparison of healthcare unions in Rochester and Buffalo, New York. The cities share many similarities, but in Buffalo unions have expanded their power, while in Rochester they have not. The authors show how path dependency from institutional legacies of employer power has shaped union capacity in the current period.
Paying the Price for a Broken Healthcare System: Rethinking Employment, Labor, and Work in a Post-Pandemic World
Authors: Avgar Ariel C. , Eaton Adrienne E. , Givan Rebecca Kolins , Litwin Adam Seth
Published: May 2020

Even before the word pandemic reentered the lexicon, pressures stemming from institutional and technological change challenged policymakers and provider organizations to rethink core features of the manner in which we deliver healthcare. This essay introduces a special issue devoted to the consequences of change on the healthcare sector’s varied stakeholders. It does so in the context of our eventual, post-coronavirus reemergence and a renewed interest in remaking the healthcare system in light of its obvious deficiencies. Towards that end, we introduce the five papers composing this special issue, each of which informs the ways that change actually transpires in healthcare organizations and systems.
Approaching a zero-waste strategy by reuse in New York City: Challenges and potential
Authors: Lugo Michael , Ail Snehesh Shivananda , Castaldi Marco J
Published: May 2020

In New York City (NYC), the aspiring target of zero waste to landfills is robustly engaging the often poorly understood solid waste management technique of reuse. The reuse activities occurring in NYC are reported, accounting for the quantities of reuse of various products, such as furniture, appliances and automobile accessories, amongst others. The quantities of products are translated to reuse mass and net CO2-eq emissions saved as a consequence of reuse. This quantitative assessment employs the Reuse Impact Calculator (RIC), based on the Waste Reduction Model (WARM). The RIC is a novel calculator used to quantitatively assess the environmental impact of material reuse. It uses the information about the material to be reused from the WARM database and estimates the emissions and energy savings based on the product’s final destination, that is, reuse, landfill, recycle or composting. A close monitoring of reuse activities in NYC shows 45 × 106 kg of reuse occurring for different products that would otherwise be directed to landfills. The net emissions reduced annually by reuse is approximately 122 × 106 kg of CO2-eq. This article compares the NYC reuse activities with that occurring in some select cities of the world. It is shown that the maximum recycle potential is saturated at 66%, and only auxiliary strategies like reuse can achieve the zero waste to landfill ambitions. Furthermore, this work discusses the role of reuse in the circular economy, wherein the resource utilization is maximized by increasing the shelf life of the product, and thereby enabling a maximum reuse potential.
Mexico: Lessons learned from the 2009 pandemic that help us fight COVID-19
Authors: Hernández-Ávila Mauricio , Alpuche-Aranda Celia M.
Published: May 2020

In April 2009, Mexican, American, and Canadian authorities announced a novel influenza that became the first pandemic of the century. We report on lessons learned in Mexico. The Mexican Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response Plan, developed and implemented since 2005, was a decisive element for the early response. Major lessons-learned were the need for flexible plans that consider different scenarios; the need to continuously strengthen routine surveillance programs and laboratory capacity and strengthen coordination between epidemiological departments, clinicians, and laboratories; maintain strategic stockpiles; establish a fund for public health emergencies; and collaboration among neighboring countries. Mexico responded with immediate reporting and transparency, implemented aggressive control measures and generous sharing of data and samples. Lessons learned induced changes leading to a better response to public health critical events.
A Demographic Profile of Mothers and Their Children Who Are Victims of Family and Domestic Violence: Using Linked Police and Hospital Admissions Data
Authors: Orr Carol , Fisher Colleen M. , Glauert Rebecca , Preen David B. , O’Donnell Melissa , Ed Dip
Published: May 2020

The aim of this study was to examine the key sociodemographic characteristics of Australian mothers and their children who were victims of family and domestic violence (FDV) that resulted in the male perpetrator being criminally charged for the offense or the mother being hospitalized. A population-based retrospective cohort study using de-identified linked health and police data of mothers with children born 1987–2010 who were victims of FDV 2004–2008 was utilized. Results indicate that mothers who were identified in police data are different demographically from those identified in health data and differed again from mothers identified in both health and police data. Within Western Australia, 3% of the population identify as Aboriginal; however, 44% of mothers identified as victims in police data and 73% within the health data were Aboriginal. Of the mothers identified in police data, 30% were under 25 years of age at their first assault recorded in police data compared with 21% in those identified in both police and hospital data. Most mothers identified as victims of FDV in police data had children present at their assault (60.6%). Prevalence of FDV exposure, identified in police data, was significantly different in Aboriginal children compared with non-Aboriginal children. Aboriginal children had a 19-fold ( p < .0001) increased difference in prevalence of exposure compared with their non-Aboriginal counterparts. The study reveals the challenges in identifying victims of FDV when relying on a single data source for research and highlights the need for multiple datasets when investigating FDV. The overrepresentation of Aboriginal mothers and children should be taken in the context of the long-lasting impact of colonization. As such, prevention and early intervention strategies need to be underpinned by Aboriginal communities’ cultural authority.
The Value of Five Cents: Mismatched Meaning Making at a Bottle and Can Redemption Center
Authors: Iverson Sarah
Published: May 2020

Drawing on a year-long ethnography at a non-profit bottle and can redemption center, this study examines the mismatched meanings ascribed by recyclers (or “canners”) and redemption center management to recycling work. Canners primarily make sense of the work for the money it puts in their pocket and for its autonomous work conditions. By contrast, management imbues canning with moral meaning, linking recycling to social, environmental, and spiritual good. I argue that disputes over organizational policies can arise simply from mismatched interpretations of the work’s meaning, and not necessarily from overt coercion from management nor resistance from canners. In addition, canners and management view their relationship divergently: canners view their role as employees and management as their employers, while management see themselves as social service providers and canners as service recipients. I suggest that the relationship between canners and management is thus ambiguously constructed by both parties, leading to unintended consequences in opposition to the non-profit’s mission.
Cold War Pavlov: Homosexual aversion therapy in the 1960s
Authors: Davison Kate
Published: May 2020

Homosexual aversion therapy enjoyed two brief but intense periods of clinical experimentation: between 1950 and 1962 in Czechoslovakia, and between 1962 and 1975 in the British Commonwealth. The specific context of its emergence was the geopolitical polarization of the Cold War and a parallel polarization within psychological medicine between Pavlovian and Freudian paradigms. In 1949, the Pavlovian paradigm became the guiding doctrine in the Communist bloc, characterized by a psychophysiological or materialist understanding of mental illness. It was taken up by therapists in Western countries who were critical of psychoanalysis and sought more ‘scientific’ diagnostic and therapeutic methods that focused on empirical evidence and treating actual symptoms. However, their attitude towards homosexuality often played a decisive role in how they used aversion therapy. Whereas Czechoslovakian researchers cautioned readers about low success rates and agitated for homosexual law reform in 1961, most of their anglophone counterparts selectively ignored or misrepresented the results of ‘the Prague experiment’, instead celebrating single-case ‘success’ stories in their effort to correct ‘abnormal’ sexual orientation. In histories of queer sexuality and its pathologization, the behaviourist paradigm remains almost entirely unmapped. This article provides the most detailed study to date of aversion therapy literature from both sides of the East/West border. In doing so, it contributes to the project not only of ‘decentring Western sexualities’, but of decentring Western sexological knowledge. Given its Pavlovian origins, the history of homosexual aversion therapy can be fully understood only in the context of Cold War transnational sexological knowledge exchange.
Modelling the apparent mass of the standing human body under whole-body vibration training conditions
Authors: Nawayseh Naser , Hamdan Sadeque , Bernardo-Filho Mario , Taiar Redha
Published: May 2020

Several studies have measured the vibration transmitted to and through the human body under vibration training conditions. However, no work has modelled the apparent mass of the human body under such conditions. In this work, a 2 degree-of-freedom model has been developed to predict the apparent mass of the standing human body under whole-body vibration training conditions. The parameters of the model were optimised using measured apparent mass of 12 subjects standing with different knee angle of 180°, 165°, 150° and 135°. Good agreement was found between the predicted and measured apparent mass with errors less than 3 kg in the median apparent mass magnitude and errors less than 6° in the apparent mass phase angle. The medians of the optimised parameters of the 12 individual apparent masses were close to the corresponding optimised parameters of the median apparent mass of the 12 subjects. Compared to standing with extended legs, bending the knees was found to affect mainly the parameters (i.e. stiffness and damping) of the model close to the source of vibration. Bending the knees decreased the mass of the model close to the source of vibration and increased the mass away from the source of vibration. Among the postures with bent knees, the change in the model parameters was generally not significant. The model can be used as a tool by manufacturers of whole-body vibration training machines to test the performance of the machines during the design stage and/or after production. This will decrease the number of experimentations with human subjects which guarantees consistency, repeatability, time-saving and safety.
From Maoism to littérature-monde: Michel Le Bris and the Breton origins of world literature in French
Authors: de Saussure Annie
Published: May 2020

Since the publication of the 2007 manifesto ‘Pour une littérature-monde en français’, scholars have questioned whether or not the initially inflammatory concept of littérature-monde has produced a meaningful legacy. This article re-examines the controversies which the manifesto provoked by focusing on the intellectual career of one of its principal authors: Michel Le Bris. Scholarly criticism has largely overlooked the fact that Le Bris’s involvement in the littérature-monde project is an extension of his previous involvement with Maoism and his identity as a Breton author. The manifesto can be read as Le Bris’s response to the political and cultural crises of his time which he previously addressed through activism and cultural entrepreneurship. Though Le Bris’s own defence of the manifesto is flawed and problematic, a better understanding of the context from which it originated raises important questions when considering the role of regional and minority literatures in the global age.
The work of littérature-monde and the fictional laboratories of Alice Zeniter and Bessora
Authors: Panaïté Oana
Published: May 2020

The article examines recent fictional works by Alice Zeniter and Bessora situating them in the context of ‘littérature-monde’ construed not as a doctrine or ideology but as a literary stance that makes possible new ways of defining and experiencing the world. In their novels L’Art de perdre and Zoonomia, writing the world does not operate as translation understood as a system of equivalences between universal values or global situations, but as spaces of experimentation that revisit biographical or historiographic narrative models to bring forth situations and characters that test and contest established lines of demarcation between people, languages, ‘races’ and cultures.
Effects of pain neuroscience education and dry needling for the management of patients with chronic myofascial neck pain: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Valiente-Castrillo Pedro , Martín-Pintado-Zugasti Aitor , Calvo-Lobo César , Beltran-Alacreu Hector , Fernández-Carnero Josué
Published: May 2020

Objectives

The aim of this study was to observe the medium-term effects on pain, disability, and psychological factors of a combination of myofascial trigger point (MTrP) dry needling (DN) with pain neuroscience education (PNE) versus DN alone versus control care as usual (CUC) in patients with chronic neck pain.

Methods

A total of 60 patients were randomly selected in a Spanish National Health Service Public Hospital and divided into three groups: 6 sessions of DN with 3 sessions of PNE (TrPDN + PNE group, n = 21), 6 sessions of DN alone (TrPDN group, n = 20), or 10 sessions of usual care (CUC group, n = 19). The primary outcome was neck pain intensity, while neck disability, medication intake, and psychological factors were secondary outcomes. These variables were measured at baseline, post-treatment, and at 1 month and 3 months after treatment.

Results

TrPDN + PNE and DN alone were associated with greater reductions in pain intensity and disability compared to CUC (p < 0.01). TrPDN + PNE resulted in greater improvements in kinesiophobia, pain anxiety, and pain-related beliefs than DN alone and CUC (p < 0.01). No differences between groups were observed in medication intake, quality of life, catastrophizing, depression, or fear of pain (p > 0.05).

Discussion

Provision of PNE and DN in the management of chronic neck pain in a Spanish National Health Service Public Hospital was associated with greater improvements in psychological factors than DN therapy only.

Conclusion

DN alone was more effective at reducing chronic non-specific neck pain and disability than CUC at 3-month follow-up. However, the inclusion of PNE combined with DN resulted in greater improvements in kinesiophobia, pain anxiety, and pain-related beliefs.

Trial registration number

NCT03095365 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
Outward Foreign Direct Investment, Restructuring and Performance Upgrading: Firm-level Evidence from Portugal
Authors: Barbosa Natália
Published: May 2020

This article assesses the causal relationship between outward foreign direct investment (FDI) and various sides of firm performance, using micro data from Portuguese manufacturing firms during 2006–2014. To control for the possible endogeneity of outward FDI strategies, propensity score matching is combined with difference-in-difference approach. Our analysis shows that the learning effects for parent firms in Portuguese manufacturing depend on the underlying outward FDI strategy. The findings suggest that outward FDI could contribute to enhance firms’ productivity and their scale of operations. However, those learning effects seem to be mostly visible when firms engage in vertical outward FDI. Further, outward FDI, vertical or horizontal, appears to enhance the integration of Portuguese firms into the global economy through increased export intensity. From a managerial and policy perspective, the findings support the argument that outward FDI can indeed be at root of upgrading performance and firm’s restructuring in a small, open and peripheral economy such as Portugal.