bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Identification Method for Dynamic Systems with SCNs Hysteresis Compensator: Application to the Inchworm Piezo Motor
Authors: Han Shuo , Xu Yunlang , Yu Jianbo , Yang Xiaofeng
Published: November 2023

It is widely known that inchworm piezo motors are being used in ultra-precision detection platforms where high clamping force and nano-precision are required. This paper examines and proposes a dynamic model of the inchworm piezo motor to improve the performance and controller. Traditional identification strategies have not been adopted for calculating parameters for the dynamic model exhibiting hysteresis nonlinearity. In addition, hysteresis deteriorates the accuracy of positioning of inchworm piezo motors. It has been proposed to solve these problems using a feedforward controller, a hysteresis compensator based on a stochastic configuration networks algorithm (SCNs). Using the SCNs algorithm, both voltage and displacement inputs can be used to describe the nonlinear memory of hysteresis, and the kernel function provides a flexible and accurate representation of this behavior. This method enables the dynamic model parameters of the inchworm piezo motor to be identified using frequency sweeps. A proportional-integral (PI) controller is used to verify the positioning accuracy, and experimental results show that an inchworm piezo motor has a positioning accuracy of about 1nm when the laser interference is low with a 10M Hz adoption rate and 0.1nm resolution.
Application the reduced method for Characterization the photonic properties of amorphous Se 79.13 S 11.41 Te 9.64 Nano thin film composition Part(I)
Authors: Elsayed Samy A. , Khalifa Zaki
Published: November 2023

Application the reduced method for determination the optical properties of nano thin film chalcogenide composition Se79.13S11.41Te9.64 reveals that the refractive index (n) is wavelength (λ) dependent. Cauchy dispersion equation is fit the obtained results of n = f (λ) for the measured wavelength and Cauchy dispersion coefficients are determined. The optical band edge is equal to 1.8eV. The optical energy gap is allowed indirect equals to 4 eV, The sup energy level in the gap equals to ≈ 3eV. From the dependence of extinction coefficient on λ the Fermi level of the nano thin film Se79.13S11.41Te9.64 is determined equals to 2.528 eV. Applying Wemple- DiDomenico The single oscillator model, the effective dispersion oscillator energy E o = 1.17 eV and the dispersion energy Ed is determined equal to ≈3.87 eV. Also, the following results determined, the static refractive index no =2.15, the static dielectric constant εo = 4.62 and the average bond strength is \({E}_{g}^{WD}=1.95eV\) The effect of lone pair concentration in chalcogenides on the energy gap and nonlinearity properties of amorphous chalcogenides is the subject of the second part of this work.
The Prevalence and Post-Operative Complications of Uterine Leiomyomas in South-Western Nigeria and Northern Nigeria: A Comparartive Review
Authors: Anaziah Grace , Lawal Yusuf , OC Ezechi
Published: November 2023

Background: Uterine Leiomyoma are benign tumors which commonly affect women of reproductive age, however only a subset of women has their fibroids clinically detected, symptomatic or warrant surgical treatment. Its removal is associated with complications. To control the occurrence of this complication requires the understanding of the factors associated with the complications.
Methods: The study was carried at two large tertiary hospitals in South-western and Northern region of Nigeria. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted among patients in these regions. Information such as sociodemographic characteristics was recorded in questionnaire including retrospective review of case records of all surgically managed cases of uterine leiomyoma (from one hundred and fifty-nine women) was obtained after formal consent from the hospital’s ethics committee.
Results: In Both regions of Nigeria, the common presenting complaints from 36-40 years old patients were menstrual irregularities, Abdominal swelling, and infertility. The commonest anatomical position of the nodules were multiple positions and intramural.
The majority (79.9%) of the women in South-Western Nigeria presented with multiple leiomyomas. While the majority (48.8%) of the women in Northern Nigeria presented multiple leiomyomas which accounted for almost half of the patients diagnosed in that region. In the South-western region of Nigeria, post-operative complications occurred in 20.9 % of cases with post-operative pyrexia (13.5%), blood loss warranting transfusion (12.8%) and post-operative anemia (10.4%) been the most common complications. While in the Northern region of Nigeria no complications were recorded.
Conclusion: Uterine leiomyomas is common in Nigeria and usually presents with menorrhagia, pelvic pain, recurrent miscarriage, and infertility. The surgery may be complicated by post operative pyrexia, blood loss, wound infection and even death. Midline incision, closure of rectus sheet with chromic catgut and myomectomy were associated with postoperative complications in this review. To avoid postoperative morbidities associated with surgical management of fibroid, Pfannenstiel incision where feasible, use of non-absorbable or delayed absorbable sutures and hysterectomy in women who have completed family should be adopted in the Southwestern region of Nigeria. Whereas prevalence of uterine leiomyomas is generally prevalent in the Southwest, there are varying age prevalence’s in the North and Southwest.
Multiple Sclerosis in the Digital Health Age: Challenges and Opportunities - A Systematic Review
Authors: Specht Bernhard , Jager Hana , Garbaya Samaher , Pincherle Alessandro , Sarvari Peiman Alipour , Khadraoui Djamel , Schneider Reinhard , Chavarriaga Ricardo , Tayeb Zied
Published: November 2023

In recent times, we have unequivocally witnessed a push towards digitising the healthcare system. Topics such as remote patient monitoring (RPM), digital health, and their use to monitor neurological disease progression have gained momentum and popularity. Notwithstanding the considerable advances that have been made in adopting such technologies and using them in the context of mental health or even a few neurodegenerative disease monitoring, they have not been widely used in the context of remote management and treatment of multiple sclerosis MS. In the same vein, given that (MS) is a very individualized disease to manage, there are numerous challenges yet opportunities associated with using digital health technologies for remote MS monitoring. This paper reviews the different research work and clinical attempts performed over the last decade (both home & hospital-based monitoring) en route to using digital health for MS monitoring and management. Similarly, this systematic review discusses the main challenges and barriers to translating that research from clinics into homes and highlights the opportunities in that context. Throughout this extensive review, we shine a light on various monitoring methods that hold the potential to be measured in a home environment, including electroencephalography (EEG) and evoked potentials (e.g., motor evoked potential (MEP), somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP), and visual evoked potential (VEP)), electromyography (EMG), inertial measurement unit (IMU), and speech analysis. Combining such digital biomarkers could pave the way for developing a more personalised treatment for MS patients, thereby stopping its progression and avoiding silent MS disability. Adopting digital health for remote monitoring and management could also chart a route ahead for a new era of personalised medicine for MS patients and potentially other brain disorder patients.
Extensão universitária como oportunidade para favorecer o ensino de ciências em escolas públicas
Authors: SANTOS Alex Mota , SANTOS Ketelen Maria Cardoso dos , REGO Lyvia Julienne Sousa , RIBEIRO Andréa , RUDKE Anderson Paulo , MOTA Gilvane Cunha , SILVA Carlos Fabricio Assunção da
Published: November 2023

A extensão universitária é uma função social da Universidade que estabelece espaços dialógicos junto à comunidade externa. Neste sentido, as escolas públicas são ambientes favoráveis aos diálogos que exploram as indagações no contexto de uma sociedade mutável. Assim, este artigo revela os resultados de uma experiência de extensão com escolas públicas. A metodologia foi interativa para o exercício científico, por meio de experimentos básicos subsidiados por tecnologias da informação e o Método Survey foi utilizado para pesquisa de opiniões sobre diferentes temas. A maioria dos participantes foram selecionados a partir da amostragem “bola de neve”. Os resultados revelaram o entusiasmo dos estudantes no aprendizado do uso de tecnologias, bem como do pensar científico através da sua elaboração e aplicação. A análise da satisfação com as atividades realizadas, a maioria dos participantes (14 dos 16) preferiram àquelas atividades relacionadas ao uso do Google Drive e seus aplicativos.
SModelS v2.3: Enabling global likelihood analyses
Authors: Altakach Mohammad Mahdi , Kraml Sabine , Lessa Andre , Narasimha Sahana , Pascal Timothée , Waltenberger Wolfgang
Published: November 2023

We present version 2.3 of SModelS, a public tool for the fast reinterpretation of LHC searches for new physics on the basis of simplified-model results. The main new features are a database update with the latest available experimental results for full Run 2 luminosity, comprising in particular a large variety of electroweak-ino searches, and the ability to combine likelihoods from different analyses. This enables statistically more rigorous constraints and opens the way for global likelihood analyses for LHC searches. The physics impact is demonstrated for the electroweak-ino sector of the minimal supersymmetric standard model.
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Protects against Degeneration of Cone
Photoreceptors Caused by RPE65 Deficiency
Authors: Dong Shuqian , Zhen Fangyuan , Zou Tongdan , Zhou Yongwei , Wu Jiahui , Wang Ting , Zhang Houbin
Published: November 2023

Background::

Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) 65 is a key enzyme in the visual
cycle involved in the regeneration of 11-cis-retinal. Mutations in the human RPE65
gene cause Leber’s congenital amaurosis (LCA), a severe form of an inherited retinal disorder.
Animal models carrying Rpe65 mutations develop early-onset retinal degeneration.
In particular, the cones degenerate faster than the rods. To date, gene therapy has
been used successfully to treat RPE65-associated retinal disorders. However, gene therapy
does not completely prevent progressive retinal degeneration in patients, possibly
due to the vulnerability of cones in these patients. In the present study, we tested
whether leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), a trophic factor, protects cones in rd12 mice
harboring a nonsense mutation in Rpe65.

Methods::

LIF was administered to rd12 mice by intravitreal microinjection. Apoptosis
of retinal cells was analyzed by TUNEL assay. The degeneration of cone cells was evaluated
by immunostaining of retinal sections and retinal flat-mounts. Signaling proteins
regulated by LIF in the retinal and cultured cells were determined by immunoblotting.

Results::

Intravitreal administration of LIF activated the STAT3 signaling pathway, thereby
inhibiting photoreceptor apoptosis and preserving cones in rd12 mice. Niclosamide
(NCL), an inhibitor of STAT3 signaling, effectively blocked STAT3 signaling and autophagy
in cultured 661W cells treated with LIF. Co-administration of LIF with NCL to
rd12 mice abolished the protective effect of LIF, suggesting that STAT3 signaling and
autophagy mediate the protection.

Conclusion::

LIF is a potent factor that protects cones in rd12 mice. This finding implies
that LIF can be used in combination with gene therapy to achieve better therapeutic outcomes
for patients with RPE65-associated LCA.
The Role of Genistein and its Derivatives in Ovarian Cancer: New Perspectives for Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Applications
Authors: Chaichian Shahla , Nikfar Banafsheh , Bidgoli Sepideh Arbabi , Moazzami Bahram
Published: November 2023

Genistein (GEN) is a member of the polyphenol family, known chiefly for its
effects on metabolic diseases and gynecological disorders. GEN has anti-cancer properties
by inhibiting tumor proliferation, tumor metastasis, invasion, migration, and inducing
apoptosis. Ovarian cancer (OC) is ranked 7th among the most common gynecological
cancers. Despite its low incidence compared to other cancers, it is the first cause of
death among gynecologic malignancies. Surgery and chemotherapy are the main options
for treating this fatal cancer. Therefore, further investigations into GEN may aid in the
discovery of novel therapeutics for preventing and/or treating OC. In this review, we
aim to investigate the role of GEN in ovarian cancer. We investigate the anti-tumor effects
of GEN on OC cell lines, including inducing apoptosis, suppressing tumor growth,
and inhibiting metastasis. Also, we review the studies investigating GEN's roles as an adjuvant
in therapeutic regimens with other chemotherapeutic agents (e.g., cisplatin,
quercetin, and gemcitabine).
Analysis of the Growth and Development of Children Born with ICSI of Epididymal and Testicular Spermatozoa: A Propensity Matching Study
Authors: Yu Chunmei , Zhou Chao , Lin Feng , Zhang Wanchao , Wang Xiaoyu , Hu Lingmin , Lu Renjie
Published: November 2023

Objective::

The study aimed to evaluate whether singleton live births (at 0, 1, 6, 12, and 24 months) following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) using sperm of different origins (ejaculated or non-ejaculated sperm) are associated with the growth and development of children born.

Methods::

This was a retrospective cohort study conducted at a single center from January 2016 to December 2019. Follow-up data of the children were obtained from the Jiangsu Province Maternal and Child database. A total of 350 singleton live births after fresh embryo transfer (ET) with ICSI were included. Based on the origin of the sperm, the patients were divided into two groups: the ejaculated group (n = 310) and the non-ejaculated group (n = 40). Propensity score matching was used to control for multiple baseline covariates, resulting in 80 singleton live births (ejaculated sperm) matched to 40 singleton live births (non-ejaculated). The non-ejaculated group was further divided into two subgroups: the PESA group (n = 23) and the TESA group (n = 17). The primary outcome of the study was the growth and development of children. Secondary outcomes included the 2PN rate, high-cleavage embryo rate, blastocyst formation rate, and others.

Results::

After matching parental age, BMI, occupation, and maternal serum AMH level, there was no significant difference found in the growth and development of children between the non-ejaculated and ejaculated group or the PESA group and TESA group, respectively. However, the 2PN rate and the blastocyst formation rate were higher in the ejaculated group compared to the non-ejaculated group (91.02 and 85.45, P = 0.002) and (67.37 and 56.06, P = 0.019), respectively. The high-quality cleavage embryo rate was also higher in the TESA group compared to the PESA group (85.06 and 65.63, P = 0.001).

Conclusion::

This study suggests that there are no significant differences in the growth and development of children born following ICSI using sperm of different origins (ejaculated or non-ejaculated). For nonobstructive azoospermia (OA) patients, sperm derived from the testis may be more effective than derived from the epididymis. However, due to the limited sample size of the non-ejaculated group in this study, further investigations with larger sample sizes are needed to validate these findings.
Pan-cancer Analysis Identifies AIMP2 as a Potential Biomarker for
Breast Cancer
Authors: Qiu Jie , Zhou Tao , Wang Danhong , Hong Weimin , Qian Da , Meng Xuli , Liu Xiaozhen
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex interacting with multifunctional
protein 2 (AIMP2) is a significant regulator of cell proliferation and apoptosis. Despite its abnormal
expression in various tumor types, the specific functions and effects of AIMP2 on tumor immune
cell infiltration, proliferation, and migration remain unclear.

Materials and Methods:

To assess AIMP2's role in tumor immunity, we conducted a pan-cancer
multi-database analysis using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression
(GTEx), and Cancer Cell Lines Encyclopedia (CCLE) datasets, examining expression levels, prognosis,
tumor progression, and immune microenvironment. Additionally, we investigated AIMP2's
impact on breast cancer (BRCA) proliferation and migration using cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) assay,
transwell assays, and western blot analysis.

Results:

Our findings revealed that AIMP2 was overexpressed in 24 tumor tissue types compared to
normal tissue and was associated with four tumor stages. Survival analysis indicated that AIMP2
expression was strongly correlated with overall survival (OS) in certain cancer patients, with high
AIMP2 expression linked to poorer prognosis in five cancer types.

Conclusion:

Finally, siRNA-mediated AIMP2 knockdown inhibited BRCA cell proliferation and
migration in vitro. In conclusion, our pan-cancer analysis suggests that AIMP2 may play a crucial
role in tumor immunity and could serve as a potential prognostic marker, particularly in BRCA.
Design and Simulation of the Microcantilever Biosensor for MITF Antigen
and D5 Monoclonal Antibody Interaction Finite Element Analysis, and
Experimental
Authors: Akcali Pelin , Kelleci Kübra , Ozer Sevil
Published: November 2023

Background:

Biosensors and MEMS have witnessed rapid development and enormous
interest over the past decades. Constant advancement in diagnostic, medical, and chemical applications
has been demonstrated in several platforms and tools. In this study, the analytical and FEA
of the microcantilever used in biomolecular analyses were compared with the experimental analysis
results.

Methods:

In this study, MITF antigen, which is a melanoma biomarker, and anti-MITF antibody
(D5) were selected as biomolecules. A MEMS-type microcantilever biosensor was designed by
functionalizing the AFM cantilever by utilizing the specific interaction dynamics and intermolecular
binding ability between both molecules. Surface functionalization of cantilever micro biosensors
was performed by using FEA. The stress that will occur as a result of the interactions between
the MITF-D5 has been determined from the deviation in the resonant frequency of the cantilever.

Results:

It has been found that the simulation results are supported by analytical calculations and
experimental results.

Conclusion:

The fact that the results of the simulation study overlap with the experimental and
mathematical results allows us to get much cheaper and faster answers compared to expensive and
time-consuming experimental approaches.
Research Mechanism and Progress of the Natural Compound Curcumin in
Treating Alzheimer´s Disease
Authors: Li Li , Wang Fan , Jia Xirong , Yao Luyang , Liu Yu
Published: November 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. AD
patients usually present symptoms, such as cognitive dysfunction, progressive memory loss, and
other manifestations. With the increasing number of AD cases worldwide, there is an urgent need to
develop effective drug treatments. Currently, drugs targeting AD symptoms may not change or prevent
the progression of the disease. Curcumin, a polyphenol extracted from the turmeric herb, has
been used for the treatment of AD. In this review, we summarized both cellular and animal studies
and described the mechanism of action of curcumin in altering the pathological features of AD.
Curcumin attenuates the formation of amyloid-β plaques and promotes its decomposition, reduces
the phosphorylation of tau, improves its clearance rate, and binds with copper to reduce cholesterol.
It changes the activity of microglia, suppresses acetylcholinesterase, regulates insulin signal transduction,
and exhibits antioxidant properties. Studies have found that curcumin can promote nerve
repair and has a significant effect on AD. However, the low bioavailability of curcumin may hinder
its use as a therapeutic agent. If this limitation can be overcome, curcumin may emerge as a promising
drug for the treatment of AD.
FIGNL1 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Formation via Remodeling
ECM-receptor Interaction Pathway Mediated by HMMR
Authors: Wang Jiabei , Sun Linmao , Liu Yao , Zhang Yunguang
Published: November 2023

Background:

The development of novel biomarkers is crucial for the treatment of
HCC. In this study, we investigated a new molecular therapeutic target for HCC. Fidgetin-like 1
(FIGNL1) has been reported to play a vital role in lung adenocarcinoma. However, the potential
function of FIGNL1 in HCC is still unknown.

Objective:

This study aims to investigate the key regulatory mechanisms of FIGNL1 in the formation
of HCC.

Methods:

The regulatory effect of FIGNL1 on HCC was studied by lentivirus infection. In vitro,
the effects of FIGNL1 on the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of cells were investigated by
CCK8, colony formation assay, transwell and flow cytometry. Meanwhile, the regulation of FIGNL1
on HCC formation in vivo was studied by subcutaneous transplanted tumors. In addition, using
transcriptome sequencing technology, we further explored the specific molecular mechanism of
FIGNL1 regulating the formation of HCC.

Results:

Functionally, we demonstrated that FIGNL1 knockdown significantly inhibited HCC cell
proliferation, migration and promoted cell apoptosis in vitro. Similarly, the knockdown of FIGNL1
meaningfully weakened hepatocarcinogenesis in nude mice. Transcriptome sequencing revealed
that FIGNL1 affected the expression of genes involved in extracellular matrix-receptor
(ECM-receptor) interaction pathway, such as hyaluronan mediated motility receptor (HMMR).
Further validation found that overexpression of HMMR based on knockdown FIGNL1 can rescue
the expression abundance of related genes involved in the ECM-receptor interaction pathway.

Conclusion:

Our study revealed that FIGNL1 could modulate the ECM-receptor interaction pathway
through the regulation of HMMR, thus regulating the formation of HCC.
USP3 inhibition is Active Against Chemo-resistant Hepatocellular
Carcinoma Anchorage-independent Growth via Suppressing
Wnt/β-catenin
Authors: Xu Jianguo , Gui Ge Sang Wang , Yang Chao , Zhu Shuchen , Chen Zemin , Ma Suo Lang Bai , Yang Ci , Bu Ci Ren Luo , Zhu Ying , Xu Wen
Published: November 2023

Background::

USPs are a family of enzymes that regulate protein
degradation, and their dysregulation has been implicated in the development and
progression of cancer.

Aims::

This study aimed to determine whether ubiquitin-specific proteases 3 (USP3)
could be a potential target for therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), particularly in
resistant HCC. This study systematically investigated the role of USP3 in HCC, with a
focus on chemo-resistant HCC cells.

Methods::

The level of USP3 from clinical samples was measured using an ELISA assay.
Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and anchorage-independent colony formation
assays were performed. Transfection was performed to knock down USP3 expression
and measure β-catenin activity, and real-time PCR was used to measure levels of MYC
and CYCLIN D1 genes.

Results::

USP3 protein was upregulated in HCC tissues, but its upregulation was not
associated with clinicopathology. USP3 knockdown had a similar inhibitory effect on
growth in both sensitive and resistant HCC cells, did not affect migration, and induced
apoptosis in sensitive but not resistant HCC cells. Furthermore, USP3 knockdown was
more effective in suppressing anchorage-independent colony formation in chemoresistant
HCC cells compared to their chemo-sensitive counterparts. Pearson
correlation coefficient analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between USP3
and CTNNB1, and consistently, USP3 knockdown reduced the levels and activities of
β-catenin in HCC cells. Using a Wnt activator (lithium) in rescue studies significantly
reversed the inhibitory effects of USP3 knockdown.

Conclusion::

The findings suggest that inhibiting USP3 is an effective strategy against
cancer stem cells and chemo-resistant HCC cells.
Tanshinone Alleviates UVA-induced Melanogenesis in Melanocytes via the Nrf2-regulated Antioxidant Defense Signaling Pathway
Authors: Chen Jiaoquan , Yin Zonghao , Yu Nanji , Ou Shanshan , Wang Xue , Li Huaping , Zhu Huilan
Published: November 2023

Background:

As a complex of natural plant compounds, tanshinone is
renowned for its remarkable antioxidant properties. However, the potential impact of
tanshinone on melanocyte pigmentation regulation has yet to be elucidated. This study
aimed to explore the protective effects of tanshinone I (T-I) and dihydrotanshinone
(DHT) on melanogenesis by modulating nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)
signaling and antioxidant defenses in human epidermal melanocyte (HEM) cells.

Methods:

HEM cells and Nrf2 knockdown HEM cells were subjected to ultraviolet A
(UVA) and treated with T-I and/or DHT. Then, the anti-melanogenic properties of T-I
and DHT were examined by assessing tyrosinase activity, melanogenesis-related
proteins, and melanin content in UVA-irradiated HEM cells. Furthermore, the
antioxidant activities of T-I and DHT were evaluated by assessing oxidant formation
and modulation of Nrf2-related antioxidant defenses, including reactive oxygen species
(ROS), glutathione (GSH) content, and the activity and expression of antioxidant
enzymes, such as catalase (CAT), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and superoxide
dismutase (SOD).

Results:

Our findings revealed that T-I and DHT diminished melanogenesis in UVAirradiated
HEM cells, activated Nrf2-antioxidant response element signaling, and
enhanced antioxidant defenses in the irradiated cells. Furthermore, Nrf2 knockdown by
shRNA abolished the anti-melanogenesis effects of T-I and DHT on HEM cells against
oxidative damage.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that T-I and DHT inhibit UVA-induced
melanogenesis in HEM cells, possibly through redox mechanisms involving Nrf2
signaling activation and increased antioxidant defenses. This indicates that T-I and
DHT have potential as whitening agents in cosmetics and medical treatments for
hyperpigmentation disorders.
Mechanism of Action and Related Natural Regulators of Nrf2 in
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Yu Wenfei , Zhang Fengxia , Meng Decheng , Zhang Xin , Feng Yanan , Yin Guoliang , Liang Pengpeng , Chen Suwen , Liu Hongshuai
Published: November 2023

With the acceleration of people's pace of life, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
has become the most common chronic liver disease in the world, which greatly threatens people's
health and safety. Therefore, there is still an urgent need for higher-quality research and treatment in
this area. Nuclear factor Red-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), as a key transcription factor in the regulation
of oxidative stress, plays an important role in inducing the body's antioxidant response. Although
there are no approved drugs targeting Nrf2 to treat NAFLD so far, it is still of great significance to
target Nrf2 to alleviate NAFLD. In recent years, studies have reported that many natural products
treat NAFLD by acting on Nrf2 or Nrf2 pathways. This article reviews the role of Nrf2 in the pathogenesis
of NAFLD and summarizes the currently reported natural products targeting Nrf2 or Nrf2
pathway for the treatment of NAFLD, which provides new ideas for the development of new
NAFLD-related drugs.
Pan-Immune-Inflammatory Value Predicts the 3 Months Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients after Intravenous Thrombolysis
Authors: Wang Shan , Zhang Lulu , Qi Huan , Zhang F Lulu , Fang Qi , Qiu Lanfeng
Published: November 2023

Background and Purpose:

Immune and inflammatory response plays a central role in
the clinical outcomes of stroke. This study is aimed to explore the clinical significance of the
new inflammation index named pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) in patients with acute
ischemic stroke (AIS) after intravenous thrombolysis therapy (IVT).

Methods:

Data were collected from 717 patients who received IVT at the First Affiliated Hospital
of Soochow University. Baseline data were collected before intravenous thrombolysis. Multivariate
logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between PIV and 3 months
clinical outcome after intravenous thrombolysis. We also used receiver operating characteristic
(ROC) curves analysis to assess the discriminative ability of PIV, platelet to lymphocyte ratio
(PLR), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in
predicting 3 months poor outcome.

Results:

Of 717 patients, 182 (25.4%) patients had poor outcomes at 3 months. Patients with 3
months of poor outcome had significantly higher PIV levels compared to those with favorable
outcomes [316.32 (187.42-585.67) vs. 223.80 (131.76-394.97), p < 0.001)]. After adjusting for
potential confounders, the risk of 3 months of poor outcome was significantly higher among patients
whose PIV fell in the third quartile (244.21-434.49) and the fourth quartile (> 434.49) than
those in the first quartile (< 139.93) (OR = 1.905, 95% CI: 1.040-3.489; OR = 2.229, 95%CI:
1.229-4.044). The area under the ROC curve of PIV to predict 3 months of poor outcome was
0.607 (95%CI: 0.560-0.654; p < 0.001). The optimal cut-off values of PIV were 283.84 (59%
sensitivity and 62% specificity).

Conclusion:

The higher levels of PIV were independently associated with 3 months of poor outcomes
in AIS patients receiving IVT. PIV like other inflammatory factors (PLR, NLR, and SII),
can also predict adverse outcomes after IVT in AIS patients.
A Comprehensive Review of Systemic Targeted Therapies in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Sharma Amit , Jadhav Hemant R. , Rai Anubhav , Lakkaniga Naga Rajiv , Chandramoorthy Harish C. , Kamli Hossam Mohammed , Alshahrani Mohammad Y. , Rajagopalan Prasanna
Published: November 2023

Cancer is one of the significant healthcare challenges in today’s world, even after
advancements in modern science, including oncology. The complex nature of the disease, which
involves multiple proteins and pathways, poses a substantial challenge in drug discovery. Several
therapeutic options have emerged in the last decade. Systemic cancer therapies began with the
advent of chemotherapy and were revolutionized with the development of targeted therapies.
The present review is a definite overview of the advances in various therapeutic options
for cancer, with a particular emphasis on targeted therapy using small molecules and biologicals.
Prenatal Magnetic Resonance Imaging helps Discover Cerebellar Dysplasia or
Malformations in Foetuses
Authors: Yu Fei , Fu Le , Xu Chengjie , Wang Jue , Huang Xiaowei , Zhang Guofu , Zhang He
Published: November 2023

Objective::

This study aimed to characterize and assess the diagnostic value of prenatal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in detecting fetal cerebellar
hypoplasia/dysplasia and developmental malformations.

Methods::

Reports of suspected intracranial abnormalities were retrospectively collected on ultrasound screening (US), and MR images of fetuses were
reviewed at our institution over a 5-year period on picture archiving and communication system (PACS) servers. Two experienced radiologists
recorded major abnormalities and coexisting abnormalities at the reading of the census. The results of the MRI were compared against the US in
each case.

Results::

For prenatal MR imaging, we enlisted a total of 121 patients (mean gestational week, 24.5 ± 4.7 weeks). This included 28 cases with normal
findings of MR imaging, 62 cases with findings of cerebellar hypoplasia or dysplasia, and the remaining 31 cases with other abnormities findings.
Cerebral malformations cases included agenesis of the corpus callosum, cerebral hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, holoprosencephaly,
ventriculomegaly, and brainstem/gyri malformation. Cerebellar abnormalities included vermis absence, cerebellar tonsil hernia, Dandy-Walker
malformation, Blake’s pouch cysts, arachnoid cysts, and intracranial hemorrhage. Other systemic malformation cases included tethered cord
syndromes (9 cases), cleft lip and palate (1 case), club foot (1 case), and cardiac malformation (1 case). In 12 cases (24.5%), compared to the US,
MR imaging proved the value of confirming the diagnosis and/or even yielded more findings on abnormalities.

Conclusion::

Prenatal MR imaging can better visualize systemic malformations coexisting with cerebellar abnormalities. MR imaging, a complementary means
to the US, can aid in prenatal counseling and treatment selection for term delivery.
Prediction of DNA-binding Sites in Transcriptions Factor in Fur-like
Proteins Using Machine Learning and Molecular Descriptors
Authors: Muñoz Jessica Lara , Reyes-Suárez José Antonio , Besoain Felipe , Arenas-Salinas Mauricio
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

Transcription factors are of great interest in biotechnology due to their key
role in the regulation of gene expression. One of the most important transcription factors in gramnegative
bacteria is Fur, a global regulator studied as a therapeutic target for the design of antibacterial
agents. Its DNA-binding domain, which contains a helix-turn-helix motif, is one of its most relevant
features.

Methods:

In this study, we evaluated several machine learning algorithms for the prediction of
DNA-binding sites based on proteins from the Fur superfamily and other helix-turn-helix transcription
factors, including Support-Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Decision Trees (DT),
and Naive Bayes (NB). We also tested the efficacy of using several molecular descriptors derived
from the amino acid sequence and the structure of the protein fragments that bind the DNA. A feature
selection procedure was employed to select fewer descriptors in each case by maintaining a
good classification performance.

Results:

The best results were obtained with the SVM model using twelve sequence-derived attributes
and the DT model using nine structure-derived features, achieving 82% and 76% accuracy, respectively.

Conclusion:

The performance obtained indicates that the descriptors we used are relevant for predicting
DNA-binding sites since they can discriminate between binding and non-binding regions of a
protein.
Cell Death Induced by the Combination of Ephedra sinica Extract and Radiation in
HNSCC is Positively Related to BAX and p-MLKL Expression
Authors: Woo Seon Rang , Noh Joo Kyung , Ahn Sun-Young , Lee Min Kyeong , Yu Hyeon Seo , Min Soonki , Kong Moonkyoo , Lee Jung Woo , Lee Young Chan , Ko Seong-Gyu , Eun Young-Gyu
Published: November 2023

Background:

Numerous studies have proven the efficacy and safety of natural products, and are widely
used as attractive cancer treatments. The investigation of effective natural products for improving cancer
treatment is a promising strategy. Combination treatment with radiosensitizers and radiotherapy (RT) is considered
necessary for therapeutic improvement in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC).

Objective:

This study aims to investigate whether Ephedra sinica (ES) extract could induce selective cell death in
cancer cells and serve as a radiosensitizer for HNSCC.

Methods:

HNSCC cells were pretreated with ES extract before radiation, and the radiosensitizing activity was
assessed using a colony formation assay. Radiation-induced cell death was evaluated using an annexinV-FITC
assay. Western blotting was performed to confirm cell death-related gene expression, including apoptosis and
necrosis markers.

Results:

ES extract significantly inhibited HNSCC cell viability (FaDu and SNU1076), while having minimal
effect on normal HaCaT cells. When HNSCC cells were irradiated with 2, 4, or 8 Gy and cultured with ES extract
(25 μg/mL), they exhibited increased radiation sensitivity compared to non-treated cells. The combination of ES
extract and radiation resulted in increased cell death compared to non-treated, ES-treated, or irradiated cells. The
apoptosis marker BAX and necrosis marker p-MLKL expression levels were also elevated following the combination
treatment.

Conclusion:

ES extract demonstrated significant cytotoxic potential in HNSCC cells without affecting normal
cells. It enhanced the radiosensitivity of HNSCC cells by upregulating BAX and p-MLKL expression, leading to
increased cell death. These results suggest ES extract exhibits a potential radiosensitizing capacity in HNSCC.
Accuracy of Fasting Blood Glucose and Body Mass Index in Predicting
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in China
Authors: Jiao Jing-Ru , Gao Ya-Na , Wang Ling-Chao , Wang Jing , Jia Wei-Jing , Xue Hui-Ling , Li Rui , Wu Hong-Li , Wang Mei-Mei
Published: November 2023

Background::

Research suggests that lowering maternal morbidities associated with
gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can be achieved with earlier risk group identification.

Aims::

Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine potential markers for identifying
first-trimester pregnant women who are at high risk for developing GDM.

Methods::

This was a retrospective cohort study. The pertinent maternal clinical data were retrieved
prior to 13+6 weeks of gestation, and a binary logistic regression analysis was used to
identify potential GDM predictors. The predictive accuracy was evaluated using the area below
the receiver operating characteristics curves.

Results::

In comparison to the control group, the GDM group had significantly higher mean values
for age, body mass index (BMI), mean fasting blood glucose (FBG), and hemoglobin (p <
0.05). The Pearson’s correlation coefficients indicated that the first-trimester FBG was significantly
positively correlated with the second-trimester FBG. Higher FBG and BMI values were
associated with an increased risk of developing GDM (odds ratio (OR) = 3.04, 95% confidence
interval [CI] = 2.03-4.55 and OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.12–1.25). In terms of predicting GDM, the
FBG parameter demonstrated the greatest area under the curve values (0.66), followed by the
BMI parameter (0.69). For GDM prediction, the cut-off value for FBG was 4.32 mM, whereas
that for BMI was 23.7 kg/m2.

Conclusions::

The first-trimester FBG and BMI could be utilized to predict gestational diabetes.
Study on Influencing Factors of Liquid Carbon Dioxide Blasting in Rock
Cutting
Authors: Li Jianwei , Zhang Guiwen , Liu Huadong , Zhang Shanglong , Cheng Xuansheng
Published: November 2023

Background::

At present, although some scholars have studied liquid carbon dioxide
blasting, there are still some problems to be solved, such as the influencing factors of the liquid
carbon dioxide blasting effect. Based on the project of Jiu’e railway, this paper studies the influencing
factors of liquid carbon dioxide blasting in rock cutting.

Objective::

The study aims to show the influence of different blasting hole depths and jet directions
on the effect of liquid carbon dioxide blasting and fracture development.

Methods::

Considering the influence of jet direction and different blasting hole depth on liquid
carbon dioxide blasting in rock cutting, the fracture development law at different blasting hole
depths is analyzed, the stress characteristics of jet direction and non-jet direction are discussed,
and fracture development process is analyzed in detail from the viewpoint of energy. Moreover,
related patents on liquid carbon dioxide blasting devices are also reviewed. The research on law of
fracture development and optimal blasting hole depth is the highlight of this paper.

Results::

The influence of different blasting hole depths, jet directions on effect of liquid carbon
dioxide blasting and fracture development is analyzed, When the depth of blasting hole is 2.5 m,
the fractures can extend to bench surface but cannot extend to the bottom of the excavation surface.
When the hole depth is 5.0 m, the fractures cannot extend to the bench surface. The fractures
can be extended to the bottom of the excavation face and the bench surface when the blasting hole
depth is 4.0. Moreover, the liquid carbon dioxide blasting can effectively blast the rock cutting,
and the optimal blasting hole depth is 4m.

Conclusion::

Through the analysis results, considering the influencing factors of fracture number,
fracture length and consumption of blasting energy, a blasting hole depth of 4m is considered the
best option.
Design of a New 99mTc-radiolabeled Cyclo-peptide as Promising Molecular Imaging Agent of CXCR4 Receptor: Molecular Docking, Synthesis, Radiolabeling, and Biological Evaluation
Authors: Hassanzadeh Leila , Erfani Mostafa , Jokar Safura , Shariatpanahi Marjan
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

C-X-C Chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is often overexpressed or
overactivated in different types and stages of cancer disease. Therefore, it is considered a promising
target for imaging and early detection of primary tumors and metastasis. In the present
research, a new cyclo-peptide radiolabelled with 99mTc, 99mTc-Cyclo [D-Phe-D-Tyr-Lys (HYNIC)-
D-Arg-2-Nal-Gly-Lys(iPr)], was designed based on the parental LY251029 peptide, as a
potential in vivo imaging agent of CXCR4-expressing tumors.

Methods:

The radioligand was successfully prepared using the method of Fmoc solid-phase
peptide synthesis and was evaluated in biological assessment. Molecular docking findings revealed
high affinity (binding energy of -9.7 kcal/mol) and effective interaction of Cyclo [D-Phe-
D-Tyr-Lys (HYNIC)-D-Arg-2-Nal-Gly-Lys(iPr)] in the binding pocket of CXCR4 receptor
(PDB code: 3OE0) as well. Result: The synthesized peptide and its purity were assessed by both
reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and mass spectroscopy.
High stability (95%, n = 3) in human serum and favorable affinity (Kd = 28.70 ± 13.56 nM and
Bmax = 1.896 ± 0.123 fmol/mg protein) in the B16-F10 cell line resulted. Biodistribution evaluation
findings and planar image interpretation of mice both showed high affinity and selectivity
of the radiotracer to the CXCR4 receptors.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the findings indicate this designed radioligand could be used as a potential
SPECT imaging agent in highly proliferated CXCR4 receptor tumors.
Punica granatum L. (Punicaceae): An Insight into Phytochemistry and Pharmacology
Authors: Labhade Sonali , Jadhav Pranali , Bhole Ritesh , Chitlange Sohan
Published: November 2023

Punica granatum L. (Punicaceae) generally identified as pomegranate, seeded or
granular fruit, has been widely used for centuries in many cultures. P. granatum exhibits a wide
variety of medicinal activities, viz., anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory,
etc. A variety of ethnomedical uses of P. granatum in several formulations, like powder, pulp,
decoction and extract on its own or in blend with additional herbs against various diseases, like
inflammation, skin disorders, cancer, microbial infections, and asthma, have been recorded. A
wide variety of phytochemicals, including polyphenols, terpenoids, fatty acids, sugars, amino
acids, tocopherols, sterols, alkaloids, amino acids, etc., have been isolated and identified from P.
granatum, amongst which punicalagin, the major polyphenolic component of pomegranate extract,
has been well thought of as the main effective component of plant. Thorough information
related to P. granatum was gathered using the keywords Punica granatum or pomegranate in
various computerized databases, including Pubmed, ACS, Science Direct, Google Scholar, WoS,
Springer Link, Sci Finder, and Wiley. All full-text articles and abstracts were reviewed. Additionally,
book chapters and monographs were also screened. The current study has highlighted
the botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemical profile, pharmacological activity, and toxicological
studies of P. granatum. The ethnopharmacological importance of pomegranate has been discussed
in recent pharmacological studies, indicating its medicinal and nutritional benefits in varied
human disorders. Moreover, inquiries related to various facets of P. granatum relating to
safety, toxicity and quality control are yet unanswered. Additionally, the article has provided a
thorough knowledge of the herb, including its mechanism of action, structure activity relationships,
safety as well as toxicity, as reported in clinical studies.
Targeting the Main Sources of Reactive Oxygen Species Production:
Possible Therapeutic Implications in Chronic Pain
Authors: Cheng Peng-Fei , Yuan-He  , Ge Meng-Meng , Ye Da-Wei , Chen Jian-Ping , Wang Jin-Xi
Published: November 2023

:

Humans have long been combating chronic pain. In clinical practice, opioids are first-
choice analgesics, but long-term use of these drugs can lead to serious adverse reactions. Finding new, safe and effective pain relievers that are useful treatments for chronic pain is an urgent medical need. Based on accumulating evidence from numerous studies, excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to the development and maintenance of chronic pain. Some antioxidants are potentially beneficial analgesics in the clinic, but ROS-dependent pathways are completely inhibited only by scavenging ROS directly targeting cellular or subcellular sites. Unfortunately, current antioxidant treatments donot achieve this effect. Furthermore, some antioxidants interfere with physiological redox signaling pathways and fail to reverse oxidative damage. Therefore, the key upstream processes and mechanisms of ROS production that lead to chronic pain in vivo must be identified to discover potential therapeutic targets related to the pathways that control ROS production in vivo. In this review, we summarize the sites and pathways involved in analgesia based on the three main mechanisms by which ROS are generated in vivo, discuss the preclinical evidence for the therapeutic potential of targeting these pathways in chronic pain, note the shortcomings of current research and highlight possible future research directions to provide new targets and evidence for the development of clinical analgesics.