bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Liver mitochondrial membrane permeability modulation in insulin-resistant, uninephrectomised male rats by Clerodendrum volubile P. Beauv and Manihot esculenta Crantz
Authors: Ajayi Ebenezer I. O. , Molehin Olorunfemi R. , Oloyede Omotade I. , Kumar Vinod , Amara Venkateswara R. , Kaur Jasmine , Karpe Pinakin , Tikoo Kulbhushan
Published: October 2019

Background

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which occurs in people who are not alcohol drinkers, describes some of the pathogenic conditions that may be in the least characterized by simple steatosis or can be as serious as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. Its mechanistic pathogenesis has been said to arise from insulin resistance and oxidative stress, which may be compounded by obesity. An experimental model showing, systemic insulin resistance, obesity and accumulated hepatic fatty acids was created in adult male rats using high-fat diet manipulation and surgical removal of the left kidney (uninephrectomy). This study sought to identify the impact of these multiple burdens on the liver mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore opening, and the possible in vitro effects of the extracts ofClerodendrum volubileandManihot esculentaleaves on the membrane permeabilization.

Results

The results indicated that the methanolic extract ofClerodendrum volubileleaf inhibited mitochondrial membrane pore opening in the insulin resistance condition or when it is followed by uni-nephrectomy, while the ethanolic extract ofManihot esculentaleaf does the same in the insulin resistance condition both prior to and following uni-nephrectomy.

Conclusion

Since the vegetable extracts were able to abrogate mitochondrial pore opening at low concentrations, the structural integrity of the mitochondria can possibly be restored over time if treated by the vegetable extracts. Research efforts should, therefore, be made to harness the drugability of the bioactives of these vegetables for use in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease arising from insulin resistance and renal failure.
T2* mapping and subregion analysis of the tibialis posterior tendon using 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Lockard Carly Anne , Chang Angela , Clanton Thomas O , Ho Charles P
Published: October 2019

Objective:

Early detection of tibialis posterior tendon changes and appropriate intervention is necessary to prevent disease progression to flat-foot deformity and foot/ankle dysfunction, and the need for operative treatment. Currently, differentiating between early-stage tibialis posterior tendon deficiency patients who will benefit from conservative vs more aggressive treatment is challenging. The objective of this work was to establish a quantitative MRI T2* mapping method and subregion baseline values in the tibialis posterior tendon in asymptomatic ankles for future clinical application in detecting tendon degeneration.

Methods:

26 asymptomatic volunteers underwent T2* mapping. The tendon was divided axially into seven subregions. Summary statistics for T2* within each subregion were calculated and compared using Tukey post-hoc pairwise comparisons.

Results:

Results are reported for 24 subjects. The mean tibialis posterior tendon T2* was 7 ± 1 ms. Subregion values ranged from 6 ± 1 to 9 ± 2 ms with significant between-region differences in T2*. Inter- and intrarater absolute agreement intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values were all "excellent" (0.75 < ICC=1.00) except for regions 5 through 7, which had "fair to good" interrater and/or and intrarater ICC values (0.4 < ICC=0.75).

Conclusion:

A tibialis posterior tendon T2* mapping protocol, subregion division method, and baseline T2* values for clinically relevant regions were established. Significant differences in T2* were observed along the tendon length.

Advances in knowledge:

This work demonstrates that regional variation exists and should be considered for future T2*-based research on posterior tibias tendon degeneration and when using T2* mapping to evaluate for potential tibialis posterior tendon degeneration.
“Rootless” Ophiolites above the Exhuming Pelagonian Core Complex, Northern Greece
Authors: Rassios Anne Ewing , Ghikas Constantina , Dilek Yildirim , Kostopoulos Dimitrios
Published: October 2019

The Mesohellenic ophiolites (MHO) in the Western Hellenides are part of an oceanic slab emplaced onto Pelagonian (Pangaean) continental rocks in the mid-Jurassic with a documented NE ophiolite emplacement. Ophiolitic outliers to the east of the MHO are oceanic lithospheric fragments, not complete ophiolite bodies, preserved above exhumed Pelagonia continental rocks. As these fragments lack connection to original root zone provenance, we refer to these as the “rootless” ophiolites.Pelagonian exhumation, possibly triggered by transcurent shear along its continental margin with the Pindos basin, began by the Late Jurassic and continued into the mid-Cretaceous. Exhumation affected the emplaced oceanic slab in the following ways: i) The metamorphic facies of the basal mélange separating the ophiolite from the Pelagonian basement grades from phyllitic to schist and amphibolite-schist over the exhumed Pelagonia. ii) Ophiolitic remnants are metasomatized where in contact with the exhumed Pelagonian rocks. iii) Remnant ophiolitic fragments are rotated and largely disassociated from their original relative pseudostratigraphic positions in their parent slab. iv) No amphibolite emplacement soles are preserved beneath ophiolitic remnants found directly above Pelagonia.East of Vourinos, remnants of the slab were tectonically entrapped between the exhuming Pelagonian core and its sedimentary overburden, and demonstrate extensional, largely gravitational displacements as well as rotation from original emplacement vectors. Primary constrictive slab emplacement features are obscured, but a general westerly sense of kinematics via listric and extensional faults have been imprinted. In the exhumation model, this "SW topping" direction cannot be interpreted as indicative of an eastern origin of the Pindos Basin ophiolites from the Vardar Zone, but rather as a local response to the uplift of Pelagonia and active deformation of the sedimentary overburden.
Lower Ionospheric Turbulence Variations During the Recent Activity of Etna’s Volcano, Sicily, in December 2018
Authors: Contadakis Michael E. , Arabelos Demeter , Scordilis Emmanuel
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we present an investigation on the ionospheric turbulence from TEC observations before and during the recent activity of Etna’s Volcano. Mount Etna is located close to the eastern coast of Sicily. The last eruption of Etna volcano took place on 24 December 2018 while two days later (26 December, 02:19 UTC) an earthquake of M=5.0 occurred ~15 km to the ESE of the volcano, causing damage to the nearby city of Catania. The results of our investigation, on the occasion of the Etna’s Volcanic activity, indicate that the high-frequency limit fo  of the ionospheric turbulence band content, is increasing with time to the volcano eruption while, at the same time, fo isdecreasing with distance from the volcano. We conclude that the LAIC mechanism through acoustic or gravity waves could explain this phenomenology, as it has happened in cases of earthquake activity. Our observations indicate that the effect of volcanic eruption on the band content of the ionospheric turbulence is insignificant at distances greater than 1000km (at the most), a fact that we must consider in our research on Ionospheric turbulence in relation to earthquake precursors research.
Case Report: Facial injury due to a firearm projectile in a Brazilian adolescent
Authors: Leite Cavalcanti Alessandro , Farias Lunna , Camilla Carvalho Laureano Isla , Edgleys Porto Damião , Raimundo Cavalcante Josuel , da Silva Barbirato Davi , Cabral Cavalcanti Alidianne Fábia
Published: October 2019

Background: Deaths and injuries from firearms are significant public health problems. This article presents a case of face injury caused by a firearm projectile with atrial involvement.

Case report: A 13-year-old male Black patient was admitted as an emergency victim of an accident caused by a firearm projectile. On physical examination, a hemorrhage was diagnosed in the right ear pinna region from the wound, and an increase of volume, of hardened consistency, in the right genic region, suggestive of local infection. On radiographic examination, a radiopaque, dense, foreign body was identified in the right zygomatic process region. The patient underwent surgery to remove the projectile.

Conclusion: The care provided to the victim of a firearm injury depends on the systemic conditions, the available professional staff, the resources and the infrastructure of the environment. Prior to initiating therapy, it is important to stabilize the patient to ensure survival.
Case Report: Case report: A rare case of middle-ear Rhabdomyosarcoma in a 4-year-old boy
Authors: Menzies-Wilson Richard , Wong Gentle , Das Prodip
Published: October 2019

We present a rare case of a four-year-old boy with a botyroid embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the right middle ear. Rhabdomyosarcoma is a soft tissue malignancy which is thought to originate from embryonic mesenchymal cells of striated skeletal muscle.  It is a disease primarily of children and is exceptionally rare in parameningeal regions.  The diagnosis is often delayed and easily misdiagnosed as aural polyp. Therefore, advanced disease is common at the time of diagnosis.  A four-year-old boy presented with a four-month history of recurrent left ear blood and pus discharge, otalgia and fevers. He attended his GP three times and paediatric A&E 13 times where he received antibiotics for presumed otitis media and externa. He was eventually referred to the otolaryngology department and underwent an examination under anaesthesia of ear and excisional biopsy of a suspicious aural polyp.  Staging chest CT and PET scan showed no loco-regional spread or distal metastasis. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated absence of invasion into adjacent organs.  Histology confirmed embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, botryoid subtype.  Subsequent to the initial excision of the polyp, he was started on an ifosfamine, vincristine and actinomycin (IVA) chemotherapy regime in three weekly cycles for nine cycles with concomitant radiotherapy. Two weeks subsequent to his first chemotherapy dose he presented with a House-Brackmann II-III facial nerve palsy but no other middle ear complications. He was started on intravenous antibiotics and dexamethasone. The facial nerve palsy incompletely resolved with treatment.
Patterns of lymphoma in Misan city, Iraq: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Alhilfi Haider Saadoon Qasim , Kassid Omer Mansib , Jihad Husam Jihad Imran , Alshewered Ahmed Salih Hussien
Published: October 2019

Background: Lymphomas represent a biologically and clinically heterogeneous group of neoplasms. They have historically and clinically been divided into two groups, Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). This study aimed to identify patterns in lymphomas in Misan city, Iraq, and evaluate the characteristics of this disease.

Methods: A retrospective, observational, single-center study was conducted at Al-Shifaa Oncology Center, Al-Sadder Teaching Hospital, Misan city, Iraq, between 1 April 2016 and 30 April 2018. A total of 80 Misanian participants (48 (60%) men and 32 (40%) women) who had lymphoma were involved in this study. The sources of information were patient files, histopathology reports, and patients’ oncologist reports.

Results: The mean age (±SD) of participants was 36 ±12.8 years. The male to female ratio was 1.5:1. NHL cases were three times more prevalent than HL. The most frequent stage at presentation was stage IV, in 34 (42.5%) participants. The classical subtypes of HL were present in 14 (70%) of HL cases. The diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) subtype was the most common NHL subtype, being recorded for 44 (73.3%) of participants.

Conclusion: Lymphomas were more frequent in men. NHL was more common than HL; one HL case was diagnosed for every three NHL cases. The most common histopathology of HL was mixed cellularity, while DLBCL was the most common subtype of NHL. Most cases presented at an advanced stage, resulting in a late diagnosis.
New lichenized fungi for Russia from Dagestan (East Caucasus)
Authors: Ismailov Aziz B. , Urbanavichus Gennadii P. , Vondrak Jan
Published: October 2019

Three lichen species (Anaptychia elbursiana, A. roemeri and Megaspora rimisorediata) are reported for the first time for Russia from Dagestan. Anaptychia elbursiana is reported for the first time from North Caucasus, and Anaptychia roemeri and Megaspora rimisorediata from the Greater Caucasus. The characteristic features of the species and information on their morphology, anatomy, ecology and world distribution are given. Differences from similar species are discussed.
Epibryon kondratyukii sp. nov., a new algicolous fungus, and notes on rare lichenicolous fungi collected in Southern Ukraine
Authors: Darmostuk Valeriy V. , Khodosovtsev Alexander Ye.
Published: October 2019

The new algicolous fungus Epibryon kondratyukii sp. nov. grows on Coccomyxa-like films on leaves of Polytrichum piliferum in Southern Ukraine. The species is characterized by sessile black setose pseudothecia, short 0–2-celled paraphysoids, 8-spored fissitunicate asci and hyaline 0–1-septate ascospores. The lichenicolous fungi Adelococcus interlatens, Ascochyta candelariellicola, Clypeococcum psoromatis, Epithamnolia rangiferinae, Lawalreea lecanorae, Llimoniella adnata, Merismatium decolorans, Sphaerellothecium cladoniae, Stigmidium bellemerei, S. ramalinae and Weddellomyces epicallopisma are new to the mycobiota of the Ukraine. Cladonia foliacea is a new host for Epithamnolia rangiferinae, Lecidea fuscoatra for Katherinomyces cetrariae, and Flavoplaca austrocitrina for Weddellomyces epicallopisma.
O Decreto No. 9.288 e a intervenção federal no Estado do Rio de Janeiro: motivações e repercussões político-sociais e econômicas
Authors: Santos Vieira de Jesus Diego
Published: October 2019

Os objetivos são examinar por que o Presidente da República decidiu assinar o Decreto No. 9.288, que estabeleceu a intervenção federal no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, e investigar as repercussões político-sociais e econômicas da intervenção. Com base em Pinto Filho (2002), aponta-se que a intervenção, prevista nos artigos 34 e 36 da Constituição, visava a conter o comprometimento da ordem pública em face do agravamento da violência, num quadro de acirramento das crises política e econômico-financeira. Na análise de conteúdo realizada, as categorias utilizadas foram 1) a juridicidade da intervenção federal; 2) as suas motivações; 3) as suas repercussões. Os resultados apontam que se buscava com a intervenção a criação de um sistema mais robusto de segurança social, com coordenação mais estreita entre forças de segurança, capacidade operacional maior e inteligência integrada. Porém, os resultados na contenção da violência foram limitados, de forma que as repercussões foram a manutenção da descrença de grande parte da população em relação às forças de segurança e a queda da reputação internacional do Estado. Conclui-se que, para a contenção do comprometimento da ordem pública, as ações devem transcender a segurança pública e alimentar a percepção de coesão social no Rio de Janeiro.
O desafio da gestão dos resíduos sólidos nos municípios brasileiros: estudo do programa Ecocidadão Paraná
Authors: Zambon Paloma Carvalho , Lima José Edmilson de Souza
Published: October 2019

Através da Lei 12.305/10 que instituiu a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, tornou-se dever dos municípios elaborar planos de gestão de resíduos sólidos, fomentar a criação e o fortalecimento de cooperativas e associações de catadores de materiais reutilizáveis e recicláveis, entre outros diversos instrumentos que buscam garantir a gestão adequada dos resíduos sólidos. O Programa Ecocidadão Paraná se propõe a auxiliar às Cooperativas e Associações de catadores de materiais recicláveis e reutilizáveis, a fim de promover o fortalecimento desse segmento social e melhorar a gestão dos resíduos sólidos. Este artigo tem como objetivo verificar em que medida o Programa Ecocidadão Paraná consegue auxiliar alguns municípios paranaenses a cumprir as exigências dispostas na Lei 12.305/10. Ainda, o presente artigo analisa alguns desafios enfrentados pelos municípios brasileiros na gestão de resíduos sólidos. Para alcançar estes objetivos foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica através de análise de dispositivos legais e análise quali-quantitativa de documentos secundários, como dados e relatórios provenientes da fonte direta e dossiês de órgão públicos e privados. A partir da pesquisa, foi possível verificar que o Programa Ecocidadão é um meio interessante de melhorar a produção de reciclados, contudo é limitado quanto à inserção social dos catadores de materiais recicláveis e reutilizáveis.
La problématique de la gouvernance et du principe environnemental de responsabilité
Authors: Garbaccio Grace Ladeira , Prieur Michel , Tanchon Marie , Meyer- Pflug Samantha Ribeiro
Published: October 2019

La gouvernance, symbole d’une nouvelle modernité dans les modes d’action publique et le gouvernement des entreprises, constitue le 4e pilier du développement durable. Les liens entre la gouvernance et le principe environnemental de la responsabilité apparaissent inextricables. De ce fait, il s’avère nécessaire d’analyser ces liens et les notions découlant du principe de responsabilité en droit de l’environnement. D’une part, il sera démontré que les principes de prévention et de précaution découlent du principe de responsabilité appliqué à la gouvernance. D’autre part, l’application du principe de responsabilité aux problématiques de gouvernance nécessite la définition des notions de provisoire et d’urgence et dans un contexte actuel d’impératifs économiques. Ce principe réorganise les rapports des secteurs privé et public.
Monitoring lung function in patients with chronic graft versus host disease: a pilot study
Authors: Rushton Cherie , Burton Charlotte S , Goddard Kathryn , Basran Alexander K , Alfred Arun
Published: October 2019

Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) following allogenic haematopoietic stem cell transplant is considered the manifestation of chronic graft versus host disease (cGvHD) in the lung, and affects about 14% of patients with cGvHD, mainly in the first 2 years after transplant. Despite advances in assessment, diagnosis and treatment, the clinical prognosis remains poor for patients with pulmonary manifestations of cGvHD. A pilot study of 50 patients was devised to establish whether a relationship exists between forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) via pulmonary function test (PFT) and the equivalent peak expiratory flow (PEF) via peak flow handheld spirometry in cGvHD patients receiving extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP). Only PEF observed within 2 days of PFT could be compared with data at month 3, 6, 9 and 12. This pilot study illustrated that monitoring via handheld peak flow readings has the potential to become an acceptable method of monitoring lung function longitudinally in cGvHD patients.
The Scottish prostate cryotherapy service–the role of the clinical nurse specialist
Authors: Birrell Fiona , Leung Hing Y
Published: October 2019

This article outlines the role of the clinical nurse specialist in establishing a Scotland-wide national designated service for prostate cryotherapy for patients with radiation-recurrent prostate cancer. The service was established in 2009 and provides prostate cryotherapy across Scotland. This article reviews and discusses the challenges involved in setting up a new service for tertiary treatment as well as highlighting the key achievements of the service. The challenges have included introducing the cryotherapy procedure in a safe and quality assured manner, developing and refining the referral process, educating both primary and secondary care teams on salvage prostate cryotherapy as a treatment modality and surgical procedure, as well as managing of complications following salvage prostate cryotherapy. The article also outlines the achievements of both the service and the treatment as well as how the service has developed since 2009.
Adverse Drug Reactions Of Cardiovascular Drugs In Intensive Cardiac Care Unit In A Tertiary Care Hospital: A Prospective Study
Authors: Shanmugam Hemanthkumar , Panneerselvam Nithya , Amutha Lawrence Arul
Published: October 2019

Cardiovascular diseases are prevalent in developing countries like India. Patients with cardiovascular diseases are prescribed multiple drugs, hence polypharmacy may attribute to higher incidence of adverse drug reactions in these patients. To monitor and to analyze the pattern of occurrence of adverse drug reactions reported with cardiovascular drugs in intensive cardiac care unit of a tertiary care hospital, Chennai. This was a prospective surveillance study carried out for a period of 6 months. Analysis of various adverse drug reactions reported were done using various assessment scales. Descriptive statistics was used and values were expressed in numbers and percentage. During the study period, 282 adverse reactions were reported from 389 patientsat includes 232 males and 157 females. The average age of the patients included in this study was 58.1± 16.8 years . The most common ADRs observed were electrolyte imbalance (14.89%), headache (13.12%) and gastritis (12.41%). Assessment using WHO Causality assessment scale revealed 60.28% were possible, 18.43% probable, 12.76% certain and 8.51% unlikely. According to Schumock and Thornton scale 65.9% of ADRs were preventable and 34% non preventable. Analysis with Hartwig and Seigel’s scale 62.05% of ADRs were moderate in severity, 27.95% mild and 10.99% severe. Drugs attributing to highest ADRs were Digoxin and Furosemide. The common ADRs due to cardiovascular drugs can be reduced by improving the prescription pattern. Intense monitoring and reporting of ADRs could help in minimizing the preventable ADRs, among the health care professionals.
Association of cord blood des-acyl ghrelin with Apgar score and anthropometric measures in relation to its maternal one.
Authors: R. Abdelhamid Enas , Kamhawy Alyaa H. , H. Ahmed Hanaa , Abu Shady Mones M. , Fathy Ahmed , F. Fahmy Reham
Published: October 2019

Ghrelin is a pleiotropic hormone that governs eating and energy equilibrium as well as promotes the release of growth hormone release. Although cord blood ghrelin has been correlated to the weight at birth and other anthropometric measures, the implication of des-acyl ghrelin in fetal and postnatal growth still not well understood. The goal of this research was to investigate the concentration of des-acyl ghrelin (DAG) in cord blood of appropriate for gestational age (AGA), small for gestational age (SGA) and large for gestational age (LGA) infants in order to elucidate their correlation with birth weight, anthropometric measures as well as apgar score of the newborn and relating them to maternal DAG levels. Cord blood specimens were procured from 25 SGA, 24 AGA infants and 25 LGA infants. Desacyl ghrelin, was quantified by ELIZA. A significant negative correlation has been found between cord ghrelin and neonatal anrthropometric measures( neonatal weight, height, head circumference, mean arm circumference) As well, a significant negative correlation has been detected between cord ghrelin and apgar score at 1 and 5 min. The current results shed the light on the critical role of DAG in the growth during the intrauterine period. Further studies are necessary to identify the exact mechanisms underlying the contribution of DAG in the growth of the fetus.
Male infertility and viral infection: Interference role of the human herpesvirus types (3 – 6) with disturbances effects of some cytokines hypersecretion and seminal oxidative defense system in the infertility etiopathogenesis of some idiopathic infertile Iraqi patients
Authors: Mohammed Muhsin Jasim , O. Yousif Sura , M. Hadi Ameer , Haider Hamad Mohammed
Published: October 2019

To study the role of potential relationship of chronic human herpes virus types (3 – 6) infection and their correlation with the up-regulation of some cytokines (IL-2, IL-10 and IFN gamma) and effect of (8-OHdG) and (TAOC) levels onto male infertility. A Case – control study with semen samples which were collected by masturbation during the routine semen analysis of a total ninety age-matched participants as; fertile males 35 (38.9%) with proven fertility as a normal semen quality and infertile males 55 (61.1%) with at least one year of infertility and poor semen quality. All semen biomarkers of Human herpes viruses (HHVs): Varicella zoster virus (VZV-IgG), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV-IgG), Cytomegalovirus (CMV-IgG), Human herpes virus type 6 (HHV6-IgG), Interlukin-2 (IL-2), Interlukin-10 (IL-10), Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxy guanosine (8-OHdG) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAOC) which were included in the study had been estimated by quantitative ELISA based method and the correlations with sperms parameters were evaluated. The main significant outcomes in this study of the infertile males group 55 (61.1%) were: high percentages of seminal IgG; N (%; Mean±SD) were detected of HHV6, 48 (53.3%;1.26± 0.51) then CMV, 39 (43.3%;1.51± 0.95) followed by EBV, 34 (37.8%; 2.20±1.47), and the highest abnormal cytokines levels were estimated in; 44 (48.9%; 112.62±38.64) and 40 (44.4%; 22.75±10.65) for IFN-γ and IL-10 respectively. Furthermore, High 8-OHdG level was detected in 47 (52.2%;7.29±2.15) and very low level of TAOC was detected in 16 (17.8%;19.34±12.17). Significant negative correlation between semen biomarkers and standard sperms parameters was found which were represented by: 45 (50.0%) of total sperms count less than (33 million ml), 52 (57.8%) of progressive motile sperms less than (31%). Finally, about 33 (24.4%) of abnormal sperm morphology was detected. Our results hypothesized that chronic asymptomatic viral infection with increasing of cytokines concentrations consequently disturbance the semen oxidative status, antioxidant defense systems that induce sperms DNA damage then might be collectively act as a co-factors on the etiology of the male infertility.
Diagnosis and treatment of endocrine ophthalmopathy in Russia in 1998 (analysis of a survey of endocrinologists)
Authors: Pavlova T. L. , Gerasimov G. A. , Kotova G. A. , Dedov I. I.
Published: October 2019

Approaches to diagnosis and treatment of endocrinoophthalmopathy practiced by the leading endocrinologists in Russia are analyzed. The interviews were carried out using questionnaire suggested by Research Group of European Thyroidology Association for a similar study in Europe in 1998. The data of the European and Russian studies are compared.
Neonatal screening for congenital hypothyroidism: results and perspectives. Hormone research
Authors: Delange F.
Published: October 2019

Congenital hypothyroidism (HB) is detected in 1 out of 4,000 newborns [1, 2]. G is one of the most common diseases in pediatric endocrinology [3 |, as well as one of the most common cases of reversible brain damage and mental retardation in industrial countries. The delay in mental development in hepatitis A is associated with the fact that thyroid hormones take an active part in the development of the brain | 4], the formation of which occurs in utero and in the early postnatal period until the 2nd or 3rd year of life [5].
The effect of growth hormone on the function of phagocytic human blood cells
Authors: Bakhmetev B. A. , Likhacheva N. S.
Published: October 2019

Effects of somatotropic hormone in different concentrations on the phagocytic activity of various populations of human lymphocytes and production of superoxide anion were analyzed in vitro. Blood cells were incubated in medium 199 with various hormone concentrations for 1 h at 37°C. Besides the traditional general parameters of phagocytosis, the counts of eosinophils, neutrophils, monocytes phagocytizing and not phagocytizing sheep red cells (SRC) were evaluated with regard to their activity (number of phagocytosed SRC) in the total pool of phagocytes (sum of all phagocytizing cells of different activity per mm3 blood). The spontaneous and zymosan-stimulated levels of superoxide anion were evaluated in the nitroblue tetrasolium reduction test. Addition of somatotropic hormone stimulated the total phagocytic activity of human leukocytes by activating al! types of phagocytes, but the hormone effect was different for different cells. Growth hormone exerted the greatest stimulating effect on monocytes, increasing 3-5-fold their role in total phagocytosis, in comparison with the control. Addition of growth hormone increased zymosan-stimulated production of superoxide anion but did not change its spontaneous level. The results indicate the probability and demonstrate the direction of the immediate effect of growth hormone on the functions of some populations of human peripheral blood leukocytes.
Primary adrenal insufficiency replacement therapy
Authors: Fadeev V. V. , Melnichenko G. A.
Published: October 2019

Adrenal insufficiency is a clinical syndrome caused by insufficient secretion of hormones by the adrenal cortex, which is the result of a malfunction of one or more parts of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system [2]. Primary chronic adrenal insufficiency (1-CNI) develops as a result of the destruction of more than 90% of the cortex of both adrenal glands by a pathological process. The main causes of 1-CNN are currently autoimmune (80–85%) and tuberculosis (5–10%) destruction of the adrenal cortex [2, 3]. 1-CNN of the indicated etiology is better known as "Addison's disease." 1-CNN is a relatively rare disease (40-110 new cases per 1 million people per year) [2, 3], but it is of considerable importance in the practice of endocrinology. Without exception, all patients with a diagnosis of 1-chronic heart failure need lifelong replacement therapy with corticosteroids (CS), which will be discussed in this work.
Ildar Ganievich Akmaev (on the occasion of his 70th birthday)
Authors: Problem of Endocrinology Editorial Board
Published: October 2019

Ildar Ganievich Akmaev (on the occasion of his 70th birthday)
Yuri Alexandrovich Pankov (on the occasion of his 70th birthday)
Authors: Problem of Endocrinology Editorial Board
Published: October 2019

Yuri Alexandrovich Pankov (on the occasion of his 70th birthday)
The state of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid system in patients with puberty and youthful dispituitarism
Authors: Tereshchenko I. V. , Krivoshchekova O. Yu.
Published: October 2019

Prophylactic check-ups of 6950 adolescents aged 12—18 years and examinations of260 patients with pubertal juvenile dyspituitarism (PJD) were carried out in the Ural region. The incidence of PJD in the Urals has appreciably increased in recent years and now amounts to 96 patients per 1000 adolescents. The incidence of thyroid enlargement in PJD patients is 77.27% vs. 52.8% in the rest adolescents of the city of Perm. Clinical signs of hypothyrosis are observed in patients with PJD. Basal levels of ТТН, T3, T4, and prolactin were normal in the overwhelming majority of PJD patients, but loading tests with thyrotropin-releasing hormone and metoclopramide showed decreased thyroid function caused by hypothalamic involvement and primary thyroid impairment. The regulation of pituitary prolactin-producing function is impaired at the hypothalamic level in PJD patients (dopaminergic control of prolactin secretion is decreased). Psychological dysadaptation to disease is forming in the patients. The need in substitute therapy with thyroid hormones and in psychological correction supplementing pathogenetic therapy for PJD is obvious.
The use of metformin (Siofora®) in patients with abdominal type of obesity
Authors: Dedov I. I. , Butrova S. A. , Mishchenko B. P. , Dzgoeva F. Kh.
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of various methods of treating patients with abdominal obesity and dyslipidemia at the stage ofpreclinical manifestation of cardiovascular complications. One group (13 pts) was treated by diets, the other (19 pts) by diet and metmorphine in a daily dose of 1000 mg. The duration of study was 6 months. Anthropometric, biochemical, and hormonal values were checked up in all patients at the beginning and end of therapy and in some patients after 3 months of treatment. The results indicate that metmorphine in combination with traditional therapy is a rational treatment affecting various factors determining the summary risk of cardiovascular diseases in patients with abdominal obesity.
Hormonal signal receptor mechanisms in neuroendocrinology
Authors: Babichev V. N. , Marova E. I. , Kuznetsova T. A. , Adamskaya E. I. , Shishkina I. V. , Kasumova V. Yu.
Published: October 2019

The role of sex hormones in the mechanisms of pituitary adenoma development has been investigated. The concentrations of estradiol and testosterone nuclear receptors were evaluated in adenohypophyseal tumors of different structure: prolactinomas, meningiomas, somatotropinomas, astrocytomas, neurinomas, and ependymomas. The concentrations of estrogen and androgen receptors are much higher in prolactin-secreting pituitary tumors than in somatotropinomas and other pituitary tumors examined.
Neonatal screening for congenital hypothyroidism in environmentally disadvantaged regions1
Authors: Pomelova V. G. , Kalinenkova S. G.
Published: October 2019

A 4-year neonatal screening for infantile hypothyroidism (IH) performed in the Moscow Region in 1995—1998 under relevant Federal program has detected 29 neonates with IH. The cases distribution in the Region was sporadic with the mean frequency of 1:6286. By the incidence of retesting, 53 districts of Moscow region were grouped into 3 groups (Pl, P2, P3), differing by the functional activity of the thyroid. The incidence of retests was significantly higher in P3 region vs. P2 and P3 regions (РЗ > P2 > P3) and correlated with the incidence of transitory hypothyrosis and published data on high level of technogenic pollution of the territories, and presence of markers of ecology-related diseases. Epidemiological values of neonatal screening for congenital hypothyrosis indicate that iodine deficiency in the Moscow region can be regarded as characteristic moderately severe.
Rajab Kaplanovich Islambekov (on the occasion of his 70th birthday)
Authors: Problems of endocrinology Journal
Published: October 2019

70 years have passed since the birth of the famous scientist endocrinologist - consultant of the Endocrinological Research Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Lenin Prize laureate, Honored Scientist of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Rajab Kaplanovich Islamambekov. R.K. Islambekov in 1947 graduated from the Tashkent Medical Institute, and in 1950 - graduate school. R.K. Islambekov was one of the organizers of the Institute of Regional Medicine (now the Institute of Endocrinology) in Tashkent, where he worked for 18 years - first the head of the laboratory, then the head of the endocrinology department and the director of the institute. In 1961 he defended his doctoral dissertation "Clinical and morphological study of endemic goiter." R.K. Islambekov is a talented scientist whose scientific interests are concentrated in the field of physiology and pathology of the thyroid gland, problems of endemic goiter. He is one of the pioneers of introducing in the USSR methods of diagnosing and treating thyroid diseases with radioactive iodine. R. K. Islambekov proposed and substantiated the concept of the role of iodine and other trace elements in the multifactorial etiology of endemic goiter, on the basis of which a drug was created for the prevention and treatment of endemic goiter. R.K.Islambekov is the organizer of many expeditions to study the etiology, pathogenesis, and prevalence of endemic goiter in Uzbekistan, to conduct mass iodine prophylaxis, as a result of which the incidence of endemic goiter in this region has sharply decreased.
Niftolide tests used in the diagnosis of male hypogonadism
Authors: Reznikov A. G. , Varga S. V. , Demchenko V. N. , Boyarskaya O. Ya.
Published: October 2019

Comparative analysis with an antiandrogen niftolide and synthetic GnRF was carried out in 22 normal subjects, 14 patients with primary and 20 ones with secondary hypogonadism, and in 5 patients with clinical signs of gonadal insufficiency and obscure diagnosis in order to elucidate the pituitary gonadotropin reserves. Blood plasma and daily urine gonadotropin levels were measured. Changed gonadotropin excretion under the effect of niftolide in health and hypogonadism was in line with changed gonadotropin level in the blood after RF administration, this indicating a similar informative value of both tests for the differential diagnosis of various hypogonadism forms. In the first case measurements of blood gonadotropin were more informative, in the second daily urine analysis. Niftolide test, noninvasive and readily available, is recommended as an alternative test with RF administration.
Von eisernen Ringen Neue Fragmente zu SM II 71 in der Jenaer Papyrussammlung
Authors: Colomo Daniela , Gerhardt Marius
Published: October 2019

Editio princeps of three new papyrus fragments belonging to the University of Jena. They are part of the same roll as SM II 71, a magic handbook of the first century BC. An invocation possibly addressed to Hecate-Selene as part of an erotic spell appears in fr. a; fr. b seems to belong to a procedure in which iron rings are used. No physical join with any of the fragments already published can be established.
Zur Abstammung der akademischen Philosophen Melanthios von Rhodos und Metrodor von Stratonikeia (PHerc. 1021, Kol. 23,10–20)
Authors: Fleischer Kilian
Published: October 2019

The article provides a new reading of a passage in a list of pupils of Carneades which can be found in Philodemus’ Index Academicorum (PHerc. 1021, col. 23,10-20). Several names of philosophers were mistakenly reconstructed by former editors and turn out to be gost names. Instead the fathers and ethnical origins of the prominent Academics Melanthius of Rhodes and Metrodorus of Stratonikea are mentioned in the papyrus.
Zu ptolemäischen Urkunden
Authors: Backhuys Thomas
Published: October 2019

Notes on the text and interpretation of three documentary papyri: In P.NYU II 45, an official is asked to release a prisoner around harvest time in order that the crown may not loose revenues. The restoration of a line in BGU VIII 1876 adds another instance of the rare word παραχωρήσιμος. The subscription of P.Enteux. 14 is now entirely restored and some suggestions are made for a name in the σῶμα of the petition.
The Uniqueness of the Fāṭimid State
Authors: Lev Yaacov
Published: October 2019

This paper focuses on the image the Fāṭimids propagated and disseminated about themselves as is depicted in literary and documentary sources. The narrative the Fāṭimids constructed about their right to rule and the characteristics of their rule are also discussed.
A Jewish Vizier and his Shīʿī Manifesto: Jews, Shīʿīs, and the Politicization of Confessional Identities in Mongol-ruled Iraq and Iran (13th to 14th centuries)
Authors: Brack Jonathan
Published: October 2019

This paper seeks to situate Jewish individuals from the upper echelons of the Mongol government in Iran and Iraq (1258‒1335) in relation to the process of confessional, Sunnī-Shīʿī polarization. Focusing on the case of the Baghdadi Jewish physician and vizier Saʿd al-Dawla (d. 1291), I explore how the Jewish minister sought to take advantage of Twelver-Shīʿī rise to prominence under the Mongols. I argue that the vizier attempted to strike an alliance with the Shīʿī communities in Iraq and with influential Shīʿī families with long-established ties to the Mongol regime, in order to curtail resistance to his policies and to the Jewish dominance in the realm’s bureaucracy. I consider Saʿd al-Dawla’s endeavors within the broader historical context of Shīʿī-Jewish relations. The article concludes by examining the two decades following Saʿd al-Dawla’s downfall, when a group of eminent Jewish physicians at the Mongol court converted to Islam. I show how these converts continued to exploit the process of politicization of confessional identities under the Mongols.
Zur Diplomatik mamlūkischer Verwaltungsdokumente
Authors: Potthast Daniel
Published: October 2019

Mamlūk chanceries followed elaborated specifications in writing official documents. Chancery manuals define these specifications, but it is often difficult to correlate their data to preserved original documents. Even an extensive works as al-Qalqashandī’s Ṣubḥ al-aʿshā lacks a consistent typology of chancery products that corresponds to preserved examples. This paper analyses all edited Mamlūk official documents – decrees, letters, reports, treaties, etc. – and tries to arrange them in a typology based on hierarchical relation between the document’s issuer and its recipient. For types, a model for their formularies and information on its paper’s measurements and layout are given. Despite the apparent uniformity of Mamlūk documents, we can show continuous developments in chancery practice, until the scribes established at the end of the 14th century fixed formularies that stayed in use until the Ottoman conquest.
Some unpublished Linear A documents from Khania
Authors: Hallager Erik , Andreadaki-Vlazaki Maria
Published: October 2019

During the years 2007 to 2014 a few more Linear A documents were discovered in excavations on the Kastelli Hill at Khania. From the Greek-Swedish- Danish Excavations three fragments of Linear A tablets were found as well as a possible un-inscribed roundel. Two of the Linear A tablets consisted only of two and three sign respectively while the third tablet, KH 104 consisted of three lines where the GRA sign (AB 120) was found in combination with another sign not previously attested in the Linear A corpus. The new roundel from the Greek Katre 1 Excavations, KH Wc 2124, is - with an inscription (AB 61) and seal impressions - well-known from Khania. It does, however, display a few unusual features both physically and in the execution of the sign. All the documents are likely to be of LM IB date, even though they were found in later contexts.
Synthesis and crystal structure of bis(2-(((4-(1-(ethoxyimino)ethyl)phenyl)imino)methyl)-5-fluorophenolato-κ2
N,O)zinc(II) - methanol (1/1), C33H32F2N4O4Zn
Authors: Zhao Ji-Xing
Published: October 2019

C33H32F2N4O5Zn, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.5132(5) Å, b = 13.0781(6) Å, c = 14.0448(6) Å, α = 63.0950(10)°, β = 73.5640(10)°, γ = 78.870(2)°, V = 1490.24(12) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0459, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1004, T = 173(2) K.
The crystal structure of diaqua-bis(μ2-3-((3-acetyl-5-carboxyphenyl)oxidophosphoryl)-5-carboxybenzoato-κ2
O:O′)bis(5,5′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine-k2
N,N′)zinc(II), C56H46N4O22P2Zn2
Authors: Li Yesheng , Chen Huating , Chen Han , Hu Xingen , Xiao Hongping
Published: October 2019

C56H46N4O22P2Zn2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.6537(4) Å, b = 31.1374(11) Å, c = 9.8927(4) Å, β = 112.709(2)°, V = 2743.13(19) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0341, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0934, T = 296(2) K.
A Study into Psychosocial Work Stressors and Health Care Productivity
Authors: Adib Ibrahim Muhamad , Abdul Aziz Amin , Suhaili Noor-Arpah , Zahid Daud Ahmad , Naing Lin , Abdul Rahman Hanif
Published: October 2019

Background: World Health Organization's Healthy Workplace Framework and Model has emphasized addressing psychosocial work stressors as one of the important avenues toward creating a conducive workplace. Management and interventions of these adverse stressors have been unremarkable; impairing work productivity. Objective: To explore the effect of psychosocial work stressors on health service productivity. Methods: Using Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II and Healthcare Productivity Survey, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 225 health and allied health professionals in the largest referral hospital in Brunei. Multiple linear regression was used to explore the relationship of each domain of work productivity to indicators of psychosocial work stressors. Results: Psychosocial work stressors explained more than 50% of the variance for health care productivity. Influence at work, role clarity, rewards and job satisfaction were among the factors with the highest contributions to this relationship. Conclusion: Crucial factors were identified and discussed, however, due to complexity of this relationship, international collaborations and efforts are required to ameliorate adverse effects of psychosocial stressors and improve health service productivity.
Tiam1 is Critical for Glutamatergic Synapse Structure and Function in the Hippocampus
Authors: Rao Sadhna , Kay Yuni , Herring Bruce E.
Published: October 2019

Mounting evidence suggests numerous glutamatergic synapse subtypes exist in the brain, and that these subtypes are likely defined by unique molecular regulatory mechanisms. Recent work has identified substantial divergence of molecular composition between commonly studied Schaffer collateral synapses and perforant path–dentate gyrus (DG) synapses of the hippocampus. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that may confer unique properties to perforant path–DG synapses. Here we investigate whether the RhoGEF (Rho guanine–nucleotide exchange factor) protein Tiam1 plays a unique role in the regulation of glutamatergic synapses in dentate granule neurons using a combination of molecular, electrophysiological, and imaging approaches in rat entorhino-hippocampal slices of both sexes. We find that inhibition of Tiam1 function in dentate granule neurons reduces synaptic AMPA receptor function and causes dendritic spines to adopt an elongated filopodia-like morphology. We also find that Tiam1's support of perforant path–DG synapse function is dependent on its GEF domain and identify a potential role for the auto-inhibitory PH domain of Tiam1 in regulating Tiam1 function at these synapses. In marked contrast, reduced Tiam1 expression in CA1 pyramidal neurons produced no effect on glutamatergic synapse development. Together, these data identify a critical role for Tiam1 in the hippocampus and reveal a unique Tiam1-mediated molecular program of glutamatergic synapse regulation in dentate granule neurons.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSeveral lines of evidence independently point to the molecular diversity of glutamatergic synapses in the brain. Rho guanine–nucleotide exchange factor (RhoGEF) proteins as powerful modulators of glutamatergic synapse function have also become increasingly appreciated in recent years. Here we investigate the synaptic regulatory role of the RhoGEF protein Tiam1, whose expression appears to be remarkably enriched in granule neurons of the dentate gyrus. We find that Tiam1 plays a critical role in the development of glutamatergic perforant path–dentate gyrus synapses, but not in commonly studied in Schaffer collateral–CA1 synapses. Together, these data reveal a unique RhoGEF-mediated molecular program of glutamatergic synapse regulation in dentate granule neurons.