bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative chloroplast genomics of Fritillaria (Liliaceae), inferences for phylogenetic relationships between Fritillaria and Lilium and genome evolution
Authors: Huang Jiao , Yu Yan , Liu Yan-Mei , Xie Deng-Feng , He Xing-Jin , Zhou Song-Dong
Published: September 2019

Background Fritillaria is a genus consisting of about 140 species that has important medicinal and horticultural values. The monophyly of Fritillaria and phylogenetic relationships with Lilium were previously not fully resolved. The study involved the most comprehensive chloroplast genomes samples to date referring to Old and New World clades of Fritillaria as identified in earlier studies.Results We reported and compared eleven newly sequenced whole-plastome sequences of Fritillaria as well as characterization of SSRs and repeat sequence. These 11 plastomes proved highly similar in overall size (151,652-152,434bp), genome structure, gene content and order; Comparing them with other species of Liliales (6 out of 10 families) indicated the same similarity but showed some structural variations due to the contraction or expansion of the IR regions out or into of adjacent single-copy regions. A/T mononucleotides, palindromic and forward repeats were the most common types. Six hypervariable regions ( rps16 - trnQ, rbcL - accD, accD - psaI, psaJ - rpl33, petD - rpoA and rpl32 - trnL ) were discovered based on 26 Fritillaria whole-plastomes to be potential molecular markers. 26 species of Fritillaria plastomes and 21 species of Lilium plastomes were combined in a phylogenomic study with 3 Cardiocrinum species as out groups. Fritillaria was monophyly with moderate support as sister to Lilium based on 64 protein-coding genes (CDS) and the interspecific relationship within subgenus Fritillaria has strong resolution. The topology recovered from the whole plastome and single-copy gene data sets was the same as for coding gene data, but weak support for monophyly of Fritillaria .Conclusions The phylogenomic analysis reconstructed a topology that had some incongruences with previous studies. The six hypervariable regions can be used as candidate DNA barcodes for global genetic diversity detection of Fritillaria . The phylogenomic framework from this study can guide extensive genomic sampling to further discern the relationships among the Old and New World clades of Fritillaria and Lilium .
Clonal Propagation In Vitro of Paphiopedilum Hybrids from Adult Plants
Authors: Do Vi Nguyen Tuong , Hsu Shan-Te , Lee Yung-I
Published: September 2019

The aim of this study was to develop an efficient protocol for shoot tip culture from adult plants of Paphiopedilum Pfitzer. A considerable seasonal effect on explant collection was observed in the aseptic cultures established from adult plants, including the survival and microbial contamination of explants. The shoot tip explants excised from adult plants in February and May showed higher survival and had less contamination than those explants excised in August and November. Moreover, the season of explant collection also affected the subsequent shoot forming capacity and multiplication of axillary buds. In Paphiopedilum ‘In-Charm Silver Bell’, higher shoot forming capacity was observed in February and May, whereas higher shoot multiplication was observed only in February. In Paphiopedilum ‘Hsinying Maudiae Leopard’, both February and May were optimal timing for shoot forming capacity and multiplication. We also demonstrated the effectiveness of transcinnamic acid (tCA), an antiauxin chemical in diminishing the apical dominance of shoot tip explant and thus improving the axillary bud outgrowth. In P. ‘In-Charm Silver Bell’, the addition of 100 μM tCA plus 13.3 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) for 1 month promoted axillary shoot bud formation from shoot tip explants as compared with the control.
Best Practices for Presenting Statistical Information in a Research Article
Authors: Kramer Matthew H. , Paparozzi Ellen T. , Stroup Walter W.
Published: September 2019

A key characteristic of scientific research is that the entire experiment (or series of experiments), including the data analyses, is reproducible. This aspect of science is increasingly emphasized. The Materials and Methods section of a scientific paper typically contains the necessary information for the research to be replicated and expanded on by other scientists. Important components are descriptions of the study design, data collection, and statistical analysis of those data, including the software used. In the Results section, statistical analyses are presented; these are usually best absorbed from figures. Model parameter estimates (including variances) and effect sizes should also be included in this section, not just results of significance tests, because they are needed for subsequent power and meta-analyses. In this article, we give key components to include in the descriptions of study design and analysis, and discuss data interpretation and presentation with examples from the horticultural sciences.
Salinity Tolerance and Recovery Attributes of Warm-season Turfgrass Cultivars
Authors: Chavarria Manuel , Wherley Benjamin , Thomas James , Chandra Ambika , Raymer Paul
Published: September 2019

As population growth places greater pressures on potable water supplies, nonpotable recycled irrigation water is becoming widely used on turfgrass areas including golf courses, sports fields, parks, and lawns. Nonpotable recycled waters often have elevated salinity levels, and therefore turfgrasses must, increasingly, have good salinity tolerance to persist in these environments. This greenhouse study evaluated 10 commonly used cultivars representing warm-season turfgrass species of bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.), zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.), st. augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze], and seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Swartz) for their comparative salinity tolerance at electrical conductivity (EC) levels of 2.5 (control), 15, 30, and 45 dS·m–1. Salinity treatments were imposed on the grasses for 10 weeks via subirrigation, followed by a 4-week freshwater recovery period. Attributes, including turf quality, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), canopy firing, and shoot biomass reductions were evaluated before and after salinity stress, as well as after the 4-week freshwater recovery period. Results showed considerable differences in salinity tolerance among the cultivars and species used, with the greatest tolerance to elevated salinity noted within seashore paspalum cultivars and Celebration® bermudagrass. In comparison with growth in 2.5-dS·m–1 control conditions, increased shoot growth and turf quality were noted for many bermudagrass and seashore paspalum cultivars at 15 dS·m–1. However, st. augustinegrass and some zoysiagrass cultivars responded to elevated salinity with decreased growth and turf quality. No cultivars that had been exposed to 30- or 45-dS·m–1 salinity recovered to acceptable levels, although bermudagrass and seashore paspalum recovered to acceptable levels after exposure to 15-dS·m–1 salinity. More severe salinity stress was noted during year 2, which coincided with greater greenhouse temperatures relative to year 1.
Virulence Phenotypes on Chili Pepper for Phytophthora capsici Isolates from Michoacán, Mexico
Authors: Reyes-Tena Alfredo , Castro-Rocha Arturo , Rodríguez-Alvarado Gerardo , Vázquez-Marrufo Gerardo , Pedraza-Santos Martha Elena , Lamour Kurt , Larsen John , Fernández-Pavía Sylvia Patricia
Published: September 2019

Phytophthora blight of vegetables caused by Phytophthora capsici causes significant economic losses in production of Solanaceae and Cucurbitaceae crops in Mexico. The development of universal resistant chili pepper cultivars is challenging due to the diverse virulence phenotypes produced by P. capsici. The objective of the study was to characterize the diversity of phenotypic interactions for P. capsici isolates recovered from production fields in Michoacán, Mexico, to facilitate the development of resistant cultivars. Virulence phenotypes were characterized for 12 isolates of P. capsici using 26 Capsicum annuum New Mexico Recombinant Inbred Lines (NMRILs) in greenhouse conditions. Criollo de Morelos CM-334 and California Wonder were used as resistant and susceptible controls, respectively. Seedlings at the four to eight true leaf stage were inoculated with 10,000 zoospores per seedling and disease severity was evaluated at 20 days post-inoculation. Two of the P. capsici isolates did not infect any pepper host even though the isolate was less than a year old. The 10 virulent isolates were designated in 10 virulence phenotypes. The information generated by this study is of utmost importance for efforts of producing resistant cultivars specific for Michoacán producers.
Short-term and Residual Effects of Laccase Application on Creeping Bentgrass Thatch Layer
Authors: Sidhu Sudeep S. , Huang Qingguo , Carrow Robert N. , Raymer Paul L.
Published: September 2019

Organic layer formation in the form of thatch is a major problem in managed turfgrass systems. Biweekly application of laccase enzyme has been well-documented to facilitate the degradation of thatch and reduce the accumulation rate of organic matter in ‘Crenshaw’ creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.). A field experiment involving creeping bentgrass was conducted to evaluate the residual effects on thatch accumulation after ceasing laccase applications. A significant reduction in thatch layer thickness was observed at 6, 12, and 18 months after treatment initiation when laccase was applied at different rates and frequencies. Residual effects of laccase application were observed for thatch layer thickness, but no additional accumulation of thatch was observed 6 months after treatment cessation. At 18 months after treatment initiation, a significant increase in the thatch layer was observed where treatments had been ceased for 12 months, but no thatch accumulation was observed for laccase treatment for a second 6-month period during the second year. This information is critical to turf practitioners when developing laccase application protocols. Limiting laccase applications for a period of 6 months during 1 year was shown to be effective for thatch control.
An Ordinary Multilayer Fruit Paper Bag Supplying Device for Fruit Bagging
Authors: Xia Hongmei , Zhen Wenbin , Chen Dongyang , Zeng Wen
Published: September 2019

Taking out and opening the ordinary multilayer fruit paper bag for fruit bagging is labor intensive, costly, not efficient, and potentially dangerous to the operator’s health. There is a high demand to develop a mechanical device for the operation in Chinese orchards. A novel supplying device based on the manual operated fruit bag case was proposed. The open hand of the supplying device operates like a farmer’s hand that can continuously take out a multilayer fruit paper bag one by one, and open it fully from its inside. Mechanism configuration and dimension parameter of the open hand were designed based on preliminary tests. The operation functionality of the supplying device prototype at different driving trajectories and speed was investigated in the study. The laboratory experimental data indicated that driving trajectory was an extremely significant factor for efficiently taking out and opening the fruit bag without sliding off and damage. Driving speed had a beneficial effect on reducing supplying time. With the synchronous driving trajectory and allowable high moving speed, the developed supplying device could achieve more than 90% opening success rate and less than 2-second opening time. The study showed the potential of the developed mechanical supplying device for fruit bagging with ordinary multilayer fruit paper bags.
Responses of ‘Honeycrisp’ Apples to Short-term Controlled Atmosphere Storage Established During Temperature Conditioning
Authors: Serban Corina , Kalcsits Lee , DeEll Jennifer , Mattheis James P.
Published: September 2019

‘Honeycrisp’ apples are susceptible to bitter pit, a physiological disorder that impacts peel and adjacent cortex tissue. ‘Honeycrisp’ is also susceptible to chilling injury (CI) that can be prevented by holding fruit at 10 to 20 °C after harvest for up to 7 days. This temperature conditioning period reduces CI risk but can enhance bitter pit development. Previous research demonstrated a controlled atmosphere (CA) established during conditioning can reduce ‘Honeycrisp’ bitter pit development without inducing other physiological disorders. The objective of this research was to evaluate the duration of CA needed to reduce bitter pit development. Experiments were conducted in 2014, 2016, and 2017 with fruit obtained from commercial orchards in Washington State and, in 2017 only, Ontario, Canada. Half the fruit were treated with 42 µmol·L−1 1-methycyclopropene (1-MCP) for 24 hours at 10 °C immediately following harvest. The untreated fruit were held at the same temperature (10 °C) in a different cold room. Following 1-MCP treatment, all fruit were conditioned at 10 °C for an additional 6 days, then fruit was cooled to 2.8 °C. During conditioning, fruit were held in air or CA (2.5 kPa O2, 0.5 kPa CO2) established 1 day after harvest, for 1 to 8 weeks, then in air. All fruit were removed from cold storage after 4 months and then held 7 days at 20 °C. Fruit from most orchards/years stored in CA developed less bitter pit compared with fruit stored continuously in air. CA during conditioning also reduced poststorage peel greasiness but CA for 2 weeks or longer enhanced cortex cavity development in some orchard lots. Treatment with 1-MCP did not reduce bitter pit but enhanced development of peel leather blotch and core browning for some orchards/years. 1-MCP–treated fruit slowed the loss of soluble solids content, titratable acidity, and reduced internal ethylene concentration. Results suggest the potential for postharvest management of bitter pit development in ‘Honeycrisp’ apples by CA established during conditioning with minimal development of other postharvest disorders.
Goosegrass Control and Turfgrass Injury Following Metribuzin and Topramezone Application with Immediate Irrigation
Authors: Kerr Robert Andrew , McCarty Lambert B. , Cutulle Matthew , Bridges William , Saski Christopher
Published: September 2019

Goosegrass (Eleusine indica L. Gaertn.) is a problematic C4 weedy grass species, occurring in the warmer regions of the world where it is difficult to selectively control without injuring the turfgrass. Furthermore, control efficacy is affected by plant maturity. End-user options for satisfactory goosegrass control has decreased; thus, the need for developing management techniques to improve the selectivity of POST goosegrass control options in turfgrass systems is ever increasing. One possible means of providing control, yet maintaining turf quality is immediately incorporating applied products via irrigation. Greenhouse and field trials were conducted in Pickens County, SC, with the objectives of 1) evaluating turfgrass injury following use of POST goosegrass control options; 2) assessing if irrigating (0.6 cm) immediately following the herbicide application reduces injury of ‘Tifway 419’ bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt-Davy]; and 3) determining if immediate irrigation influences goosegrass control at one- to three-tiller and mature growth stage. Following the application of herbicide treatments, irrigation was applied (+) or not applied (−). Treatments included the following: control (+/− irrigation); topramezone at 12.3 g a.i./ha (+/− irrigation); metribuzin at 420 g a.i./ha (+/− irrigation); and topramezone plus metribuzin (+/− irrigation) at 12.3 and 420 g a.i./ha. Irrigation treatment had minimum effect on greenhouse-grown goosegrass biomass, all treatments provided >85% control of 1- to 3-tiller goosegrass plants. However, control for mature plants was <50% for topramezone- and 60% to 70% for metribuzin-containing treatments. In field studies, at 1 week after treatment (WAT), the irrigated metribuzin and topramezone plus metribuzin had ≈37% and ≈16%, respectively, less goosegrass control vs. nonirrigated treatments. At 2WAT, irrigated metribuzin and irrigated topramezone plus metribuzin–treated plots, had ≈50% less mature goosegrass control vs. nonirrigated treatments. Irrigated herbicide treatments, however, experienced ≈23% less turfgrass injury at this time. At 4 WAT, irrigated metribuzin- and irrigated topramezone plus metribuzin–treated plots experienced reduced mature goosegrass control by ≈65% and ≈59%, respectively. Overall, incorporating POST herbicide applications via 0.6 cm of irrigation reduced turfgrass injury by at least 20% for all herbicide treatments, while maintaining goosegrass control.
Drying Characteristics of Blackberry Fruits in a Convective Hot-air Dryer
Authors: Eminoğlu Maksut Barış , Yegül Uğur , Sacilik Kamil
Published: September 2019

In this study, blackberry fruits were dried in a pilot-scale hot-air dryer to identify the drying characteristics of the fruits. The air velocity was set as 1 m·s−1, and the temperature range was set as 54 to 75 °C. Fick’s law of diffusion was used to describe heat transfer during the decreasing rate period. Effective diffusivity values were calculated, and the Arrhenius constitutive model was used to describe the temperature dependence of these values. The Page, logarithmic, approximation of diffusion, two-term, and Midilli et al. models were used to fit the experimental data. A nonlinear regression analysis was used to calculate rate constants and model coefficients. The present findings revealed that among the tested models, the Midilli et al. model best described the experimental data; therefore, it was concluded that the model could be used to describe the drying characteristics of blackberry fruits.
Factors Related to The Incidence of Stunting in Adolescent at Depok Setia Negara Junior High School
Authors: Ramadhan Kiki Febri , Simanungkalit Sintha Fransiske , Wahyuningtyas Widayani
Published: September 2019

This research aimed to get information about factors related to the incidence of stunting in adolescent. The method used was a cross sectional study. The target population in this study were school students who attended education at the Setia Negara Junior High School. The sample consisted of students in grades VII and VIII. Determination of the sample is done by taking all students in class VII and VIII, researchers exclude students in class VII and VIII who are not willing to be respondents. The total sample of the designation was 165 people. Samples of this research were 165 respondents in Setia Negara Junior High School. This study used a statistical test Chi-Square with significance (p<0,05). Of the 165 samples, consist of 26 adolescents (15,8%) stunting status, 139 adolescents (84,2%) normal status. Statistical showed that the relationship between knowledge (p=0,000), education of father (p=0,000), education of mother (p=0,000) and family size (p=0,02) with stunting. Sex and protein intake did not have a significant relationship with stunting.
Deep Learning Aplicado à Identificação de Cargas Elétricas Similares em Smart Grid
Authors: Soares Wallyson Carvalho , Rigo Jr. Luis Otavio , Silvestre Leonardo Jose , Romão Oberlan Christo , Celeste Wanderley Cardoso , Coura Daniel Jose Custodio , Rocha Helder Roberto de Oliveira
Published: September 2019

A demanda crescente por energia trouxe em foco a necessidade de mudança do modelo energético tradicional, introduzindo novas maneiras de produzir, distribuir, gerenciar e consumir a energia. O presente estudo descreve a aplicação de métodos para identificação não intrusiva de dispositivos elétricos/eletrônicos conectados em instalações elétricas, como uma forma de gerar mais informações sobre o perfil do consumidor. O seu primeiro diferencial é a abordagem sobre dispositivos que possuem alto grau de similaridade, problema pouco explorado e que apresenta elevado grau de dificuldade no processo de identificação. O segundo diferencial é a aplicação do método de Rede Neural Convolucional diretamente sobre os dados brutos de corrente, sem a necessidade de um pré-processamento para extração de características do sinal elétrico. A melhor arquitetura de rede neural criada neste trabalho é capaz de identificar os dispositivos com 100% de acurácia, representando um avanço no estado da arte e comprovando a robustez e eficiência dos métodos de Deep Learning.
Caracterização palinológica de Bromeliaceae (A. Juss.) de São Francisco do Sul, Santa Catarina
Authors: Schroeder Gabriel da Rosa , Vieira Junior Nilton Paulo , Dec Enderlei , Mouga Denise Monique Dubet da Silva
Published: September 2019

Visando à caracterização polínica, espécies de Bromeliaceae foram verificadas: Ananas bracteatus (Lindl.) Schult. & Schult.f., Billbergia amoena (Lodd.) Lindl., Billbergia distachia (Vell.) Mez., Canistropsis billbergioides (Schult. & Schult.f.) Leme., Dyckia encholirioides (Gaudich.) Mez., Nidularium innocentii Lem., Nidularium procerum Lindm., Tillandsia tenuifolia L., Vriesea carinata Wawra, Vriesea friburgensis Mez. e Vriesea rodigasiana E.Morren. Os grãos de pólen foram conservados, acetolisados, montados em lâminas, observados em microscópio de luz e microscópio eletrônico de varredura, fotografados e medidos. Foram calculados os valores médios da espessura da exina, diâmetro polar e diâmetro equatorial de 25 grãos, para cada espécie. Realizou-se a descrição por tamanho, abertura, âmbito, simetria, unidade polínica, ornamentação, polaridade e forma. Os grãos apresentaram-se em mônades, com simetria bilateral. A. bracteatus, C. billbergioides, N. innocentii e N. procerum têm grãos diporados, isopolares, com âmbito elíptico e tamanho médio (N. innocentii e N. procerum, grande). B. amoena, B. distachia, D. encholirioides, T. tenuifolia, V. carinata, V. friburgensis e V. rodigasiana têm grãos 1-colpado, heteropolares, com âmbito fusiforme em vista equatorial, elíptico em vista distal e tamanho grande (D. encholirioides e T. tenuifolia, médio). A ornamentação dos grãos varia entre reticulada, microrreticulada, foveolada, heterobrocada. Há homogeneidade entre espécies do mesmo gênero e variação na ornamentação.
Eficacia de la tierra de diatomeas y la cal sobre ariónidos y agriolimácidos
Authors: Mendez Otero Andres Camilo , Castellanos Leonides
Published: September 2019

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar el efecto de la tierra de diatomeas (TD) y la calsobre Arion distinctus en condiciones de laboratorio, y sobre ariónidos y agriolimácidos en campo. Se realizaron tratamientos por espolvoreo y aspersión para evaluar su efecto por ingestión y contacto en el laboratorio, y se registró la movilidad y la mortalidad de los ejemplares. En laboratorio se emplearon tres dosis de tierra de diatomeas: 1, 2 y 4 kg/ha, una de cal agrícola a 2 kg/ha, y un testigo; en campo solo se evaluó el método por aspersión con la misma cantidad de variantes, pero en todos los casos se duplicaron las dosis. Se utilizó un diseño de bloque azar en arreglo 5 × 4 y la evaluación se llevó a cabo a través del método de trampas; para ello, se colocaron 20 trampas de refugio por tratamientos. Se determinaron las poblaciones de babosas y la eficacia a los tres y siete días después las aplicaciones. Se aplicó una prueba de comparación de medias de Tukey para las poblaciones en las parcelas tratadas y el testigo. Se obtuvo mayor efecto por contacto que de ingestión. Tanto en las aplicaciones en campo como en laboratorio, las mayores mortalidades se observaron a los siete días, sin diferencias significativas entre la TD y la cal. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la TD es útil en el control de estas especies de moluscos y su resultado es mejor con dos aplicaciones.
Tipología de fincas productoras de arveja (Pisum sativum L.) en la subregión Sur de Nariño, Colombia
Authors: Alvarez-Sánchez David Eduardo , Gómez-López Eyder Daniel , Ordóñez-Hurtado Héctor Ramiro
Published: September 2019

En Colombia, el departamento de Nariño es el principal productor de arveja (Pisum sativum L.) abasteciendo aproximadamente el 54 % de la demanda nacional. La principal zona productora de esta leguminosa se concentra en la subregión Sur u Obando del departamento, en donde el cultivo presenta adecuadas condiciones ambientales y se desarrolla bajo agricultura familiar. En este estudio se buscó identificar tipologías de fincas dedicadas al cultivo, para lo cual se tomó una muestra heterogénea de 1.067 predios ubicados en cinco municipios de la subregión Sur (Córdoba, Cuaspud, Iles, Ipiales y Potosí); siguiendo el marco metodológico propuesto por la Red Internacional de Metodologías de Investigación en Sistemas de Producción (RIMISP), se georreferenció cada finca y se aplicó una encuesta estructurada con 39 variables. La información obtenida fue sometida a Análisis de Correspondencia Múltiple y Análisis de Agrupamiento Jerárquico. Como resultado se identificaron 12 variables con poder discriminante que conformaron tres clústeres: C1, que agrupó el 6 % de la muestra (68 fincas); C2, el 26 % (271 fincas), y C3, el 68 % (728 fincas). Cada grupo presentó características particulares en torno al predio, estrategias agroproductivas, aspectos sociales, ambientales y económicos, describiendo la heterogeneidad de las fincas asociadas al cultivo de arveja. Se espera que los resultados contribuyan a la caracterización y selección de fincas representativas para futuros trabajos de estimación de sustentabilidad.
An Evaluation of Agreement of Breathing Rates Measured by a Novel Device, Manual Counting, and Other Techniques Used in Clinical Practice: Protocol for the Observational VENTILATE Study
Authors: Jones Matthew T , Heiden Emily , Fogg Carole , Meredith Paul , Smith Gary , Sayer Nicola , Toft Lisa , Williams Emma , Williams Matthew , Brown Thomas , Gates Jessica , Lodge David , Bassett Paul , Amos Mark , Chauhan Milan , Begum Selina , Rason Madeleine , Winter Jonathan , Longstaff Jayne , Chauhan Anoop J
Published: September 2019

Background

Respiratory rate (RR) is the most sensitive physiological observation to predict clinical deterioration on hospital wards, and poor clinical monitoring has been highlighted as a primary contributor to avoidable mortality. Patients in intensive care have their RR monitored continuously, but this equipment is rarely available on general hospital wards.

Objective

The primary objective is to assess the accuracy of the RespiraSense device in comparison with other methods currently used in clinical practice. The secondary objective is to assess the accuracy of the RespiraSense device in participants in different positions and when reading aloud.

Methods

A single-center, prospective observational study will investigate the agreement of the RespiraSense device as compared with other device measurements (capnography, electrocardiogram) and the current standard measurement of RR (manual counting by a trained health care professional). The different methods will be employed concurrently on the same participant as part of a single study visit.

Results

Recruitment to this study has not yet started as funding decisions are still pending. Therefore, results are not available at this stage. It is anticipated that the data required could be collected within 2 months of first recruitment to the study and data analysis completed within 6 months of the study start date.

Conclusions

The Evaluation of Agreement of Breathing Rates Measured by a Novel Device, Manual Counting, and Other Techniques Used in Clinical Practice (VENTILATE) study will provide further validation of the use of the RespiraSense device in subjects with abnormal respiratory rates.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/15437
Precision Health–Enabled Machine Learning to Identify Need for Wraparound Social Services Using Patient- and Population-Level Data Sets: Algorithm Development and Validation (Preprint)
Authors: Kasthurirathne Suranga N , Grannis Shaun , Halverson Paul K , Morea Justin , Menachemi Nir , Vest Joshua R
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND

Emerging interest in precision health and the increasing availability of patient- and population-level data sets present considerable potential to enable analytical approaches to identify and mitigate the negative effects of social factors on health. These issues are not satisfactorily addressed in typical medical care encounters, and thus, opportunities to improve health outcomes, reduce costs, and improve coordination of care are not realized. Furthermore, methodological expertise on the use of varied patient- and population-level data sets and machine learning to predict need for supplemental services is limited.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to leverage a comprehensive range of clinical, behavioral, social risk, and social determinants of health factors in order to develop decision models capable of identifying patients in need of various wraparound social services.

METHODS

We used comprehensive patient- and population-level data sets to build decision models capable of predicting need for behavioral health, dietitian, social work, or other social service referrals within a safety-net health system using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), sensitivity, precision, F1 score, and specificity. We also evaluated the value of population-level social determinants of health data sets in improving machine learning performance of the models.

RESULTS

Decision models for each wraparound service demonstrated performance measures ranging between 59.2%% and 99.3%. These results were statistically superior to the performance measures demonstrated by our previous models which used a limited data set and whose performance measures ranged from 38.2% to 88.3% (behavioural health: F1 score P<.001, AUROC P=.01; social work: F1 score P<.001, AUROC P=.03; dietitian: F1 score P=.001, AUROC P=.001; other: F1 score P=.01, AUROC P=.02); however, inclusion of additional population-level social determinants of health did not contribute to any performance improvements (behavioural health: F1 score P=.08, AUROC P=.09; social work: F1 score P=.16, AUROC P=.09; dietitian: F1 score P=.08, AUROC P=.14; other: F1 score P=.33, AUROC P=.21) in predicting the need for referral in our population of vulnerable patients seeking care at a safety-net provider.

CONCLUSIONS

Precision health–enabled decision models that leverage a wide range of patient- and population-level data sets and advanced machine learning methods are capable of predicting need for various wraparound social services with good performance.
Гістологічні особливості будови плантарної пластинки капсули плеснофалангового суглоба
Authors: Turchin O.A. , Grigorovskaya A.V. , Kostrub O.O. , Liabakh A.P.
Published: September 2019

Мета роботи: аналіз результатів гістологічного дослідження плантарної пластинки капсули плеснофалангового суглоба; виявлення особливостей будови, характерних для структури ентезису. Матеріали та методи. Досліджено 11 зразків тканин плантарної пластинки капсули 2–4-го плеснофалангових суглобів, шість із яких були взяті у двох свіжих травматичних ампутованих кінцівках. Інші п’ять зразків отримали при екзартикуляції другого пальця у пацієнтів із крайнім ступенем фіксованої молоткоподібної деформації. Середній вік пацієнтів становив 65,28 ± 10,32 (45–74) року, чоловіків було 3, жінок — 4. Для гістологічного дослідження відбирали фрагменти сухожильно-кісткового з’єднання, які проходили звичайну гістологічну обробку. Препарати досліджували в світлі, що проходить через систему лінз мікроскопа OLYMPUS CX-41. Градації вираженості морфологічних показників оцінювали згідно з візуальною аналоговою шкалою від низького до високого ступеня при збільшенні × 100. Результати. У досліджуваних зразках плантарної пластинки виявили характерні гістологічні ознаки, властиві для структури фіброзно-хрящового ентезису. У місці кріплення сполучної тканини до суглобової поверхні спостерігалась поступова трансформація фіброзної тканини в мінералізовану кісткову тканину, що мікроскопічно характеризувалось зональністю цього переходу. Ентезис плантарної пластинки мав чотири окремі зони: перша зона представлена щільною оформленою сполучною тканиною; друга зона — волокнистим хрящем без ознак звапнення; третя — мінералізованим волокнистим хрящем; четверта — власне кісткою. Висновки. Описана гістологічна будова ділянок кріплення плантарної пластинки капсули плеснофалангового суглоба до головок плеснових кісток відповідає типовій структурі фіброзно-хрящового ентезису, характерною ознакою якого є наявність волокнистого хряща, локалізація переважно біля епіфізів, обмеженість зони прикріплення.
Аналіз діагностичної інформативності методів променевої візуалізації в діагностиці деформуючого остеоартрозу кульшових і колінних суглобів в учасників ліквідації наслідків аварії на Чорнобильській атомній електростанції
Authors: Korol P.O. , Tkachenko M.M.
Published: September 2019

Мета: вивчити діагностичну інформативність основних методів променевої візуалізації в діагностиці деформуючого остеоартрозу (ДО) кульшових та колінних суглобів учасників ліквідації наслідків аварії на Чорнобильській атомній електростанції. Матеріали та методи. В роботу включено 160 пацієнтів із ДО кульшових та колінних суглобів, із них 96 жінок та 64 чоловіки, віком від 48 до 85 років. Всім хворим проведено комплексне дослідження за допомогою основних методів променевої візуалізації: рентгенографії (РГ), термографії (ТГ), комп’ютерної томографії (КТ), ультразвукового методу (УЗД), магнітно-резонансної томографії (МРТ), трифазової остеосцинтиграфії (3-ф ОСГ). Результати. За даними аналізу діагностичної інформативності метод 3-ф ОСГ має більшу чутливість та точність (93,4 та 88,6 %), ніж методи РГ (62,5 та 65,8 %), УЗД (80,7 та 85,2 %), ТГ (83,2 та 74,3 %) відповідно. Однак методи КТ та МРТ мають більшу специфічність (92,1 та 94,6 %) порівняно з методом 3-ф ОСГ (83,3 %). Висновки. В диференціальній діагностиці ДО учасників ліквідації наслідків аварії на Чорнобильській атомній електростанції 3-ф ОСГ у комплексі з РГ та ТГ доречно застосовувати з метою стадіювання поширеності патологічного процесу в кульшових та колінних суглобах, а у комплексі з методами УЗД, КТ чи МРТ — для моніторингу динаміки патологічного процесу в післяопераційний період, а також для оцінки ефективності антибактеріального та оперативного лікування.
Результати лікування хворих із переломами дистального епіметафіза плечової кістки та їх наслідками
Authors: Kurinnyi I.M. , Strafun O.S.
Published: September 2019

Актуальність. Переломи дистальної частини плечової кістки становлять лише 2 % від усіх переломів кісток скелета в дорослих та 30 % від усіх переломів ділянки ліктьового суглоба. Метою дослідження було проаналізувати результати лікування хворих із переломами дистального епіметафіза плечової кістки та їх наслідками залежно від тяжкості та давності перелому. Матеріали та методи. З 2011 по 2018 рік спостерігали 132 хворих із переломами дистального епіметафіза плеча. Середній вік пацієнтів становив 39,6 ± 15,1 року, чоловіків було дещо більше, ніж жінок (53,8 та 46,2 % відповідно). Усім хворим виконували відкриту репозицію та металоостеосинтез переломів плечової кістки пластинами з кутовою стабільністю. Віддалені результати лікування вивчені у 95 хворих, що становило 71,97 % від загальної кількості. Усіх пацієнтів ретроспективно розподілили на дві групи. Першу групу становили 44 (46,32 %) пацієнти зі свіжими переломами. Другу групу — хворі із застарілою травмою (більше 2 місяців), несправжніми суглобами та неправильно консолідованими переломами даної локалізації (51 пацієнт — 53,68 %). В середньому хворі з I групи були обстежені через 19,2 ± 7,1 місяця після операції, а в групі II — через 16,3 ± 5,2 місяця. Результати. Переважна кількість переломів та остеотомій ліктьового відростку зрослися рентгенологічно та клінічно (90,91% в першій групі та 86,27% в другій групі) без зміщень по рівню суглобової поверхні (> 2 мм) та без кутових деформацій (> 10˚). У більшості хворих із першої групи зрощення було констатоване протягом 4 місяців після операції, тоді як у хворих другої групи цей час у середньому становив 6 місяців. В обох групах спостерігали 26 ускладнень (27,37 %). Середній результат лікування за Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) становив 88,48 ± 15,12 бала в групі I та 83,94 ± 16,89 бала в II групі, а 86,36 % пацієнтів I групи та 78,43 % у II групі мали відмінні або добрі результати лікування. Якщо розглядати суб’єктивну оцінку оперативного втручання пацієнтами, то вона практично повністю збігається з результатами, отриманими за MEPS, — 76 хворих з обох груп (80,0 %) залишились задоволені оперативним втручанням. Висновки. Результати оперативного лікування у хворих із наслідками переломів дистального епіметафіза плеча не мали вірогідних відмінностей від свіжих випадків, проте залежали як від тяжкості попередньої травми, так і від наявної деформації, незрощення або ж ступеня вираженості згинально-розгинальної контрактури, що спостерігалася на початку лікування.
Результати лікування дискогенних поперекових радикулопатій методом радіочастотної холодноплазмової нуклеопластики
Authors: Pavlov B.B. , Fischenko Ya.V.
Published: September 2019

Актуальність. Біль у нижній частині спини з іррадіацією в нижні кінцівки продовжує залишатися серйозною медичною проблемою. Останнім часом мінімально інвазивні черезшкірні методи з використанням внутрішньодискового підходу в лікуванні болю у спині набувають все більшої популярності. Нуклеопластика — процедура, при якій для декомпресії диска використовується радіочастотний біполярний електрод, що генерує холодноплазмову енергію в процесі так званої коблації. Основні переваги цієї внутрішньодискової технології — відсутність грубого теплового ураження оброб-люваної поверхні та міні-інвазивність. Мета дослідження: оцінити ефективність лікування больового синдрому методом черезшкірної радіочастотної холодноплазмової нуклеопластики (коблації) у пацієнтів, які страждають від хронічних поперекових дискогенних радикулопатій. Матеріали та методи. У дослідження були включені 58 пацієнтів віком від 29 до 55 років (43,0 ± 4,6 року), які проходили лікування в 2017–2018 рр. у клініці «Нейромед» та відділенні спінальної хірургії ДУ «Інститут травматології та ортопедії НАМН України» (м. Київ). Результати. До лікування середній показник рівня болю за візуальною аналоговою шкалою (ВАШ) в обстежуваних становив 7,9 ± 0,8 бала, після процедури було відзначено позитивну динаміку в межах 3,44 ± 0,98 бала. Через місяць після маніпуляції хворі описували свої відчуття як легкий, часом помірний біль (ВАШ 1,83 ± 0,98 бала). При обстеженні через 6 місяців рівень болю у групі знаходився на відмітці 1,3 ± 1,5 бала. Негативний результат відзначений у 4 пацієнтів. Висновки. Радіочастотна холодноплазмова нуклеопластика (коблація) може бути рекомендована як ефективний метод лікування дискогенних поперекових радикулопатій.
Predictive signs of complicated course of essential arterial hypertension in adolescents aged 16–17 years old
Authors: Tovma A.V.
Published: September 2019

Background. The rapid development of complications of essential arterial hypertension (AH) in adolescents 16–17 years old, who expose a psychological overload while studying at a higher school, creates prerequisites for predicting the course of hypertension. Materials and methods. The basic group of the study diagnosed with AH consisted of 84 adolescents, 40 (47.6 %) boys and 44 (52.4 %) girls, who according to the office blood pressure (BP) measurements with an interval of one to two weeks at least 2 times had BP values ≥ 120/80 mm Hg, and were found to have blood pressure load > 95 percentile 25–50 % and more of the day time by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). For comparison of the studied parameters, we used data from the control group, which consisted of 40 adolescents (13 (32.5 %) boys and 27 (67.5 %) girls) with normotension. The results of observations were processed using the medical statistics program Statistica version 6.0. Results. The unfavorable predictors of the development of stable AH revealed an average heart rate at night of more than 62 per mi­nute by Holter monitoring, the average daily pulse pressure on the ABPM was more than 57 mm Hg and the body mass index (BMI) is above 25 kg/m2. The risk factors for left ventricular (LV) remo­deling included the excess increase in the thickness of the posterior wall of the LV of more than 8.0 mm at the time of the diagnosis of hypertension, BMI over 25 kg/m2 and average daily pulse pressure over 57 mm Hg by ABPM. Conclusions. If an unfavorable course of hypertension is predicted, then it is necessary to combine non-pharmacological methods of treatment with drug ones.
Prognostic model for determining the probability of congenital pneumonia in full-term newborns
Authors: Horiachko A.N. , Sukalo A.V.
Published: September 2019

According to the data of the World Health Organization, pneumonia is one of the leading causes of death in children under five years of age. Objective: to develop a prognostic model to determine the factors associated with the development of congenital pneumonia in full-term newborns. A comprehensive survey of 116 full-term newborns who were in the pediatric Department for newborn children and the Maternity Physiological Department of the State Institution “Republican Scientific and Practical Center “Mother and Child” in the period from 2017 to 2019 was conducted. The study group consisted of 53 healthy full-term newborns with congenital pneumonia, born at the gestational age of 39.50 ± 0.69 weeks, body weight 3337.50 ± 354.42 g and a body length of 52.20 ± 2.13 cm. The control group consisted of 63 healthy full-term babies born at gestational age of 39.30 ± 0.63 weeks, body weight 3417.30 ± 253.82 g and a body length of 52.50 ± 1.57 cm. The survey revealed the most significant factors associated with the development of congenital pneumonia in full-term newborns: from the obstetric-gynecological and somatic history of the mother’s life — spontaneous miscarriage; from the complications of pregnancy — chronic intrauterine fetal hypoxia; the placenta study determined the presence of inflammatory changes in the placenta; clinical manifestations within the first 72 hours of life included respiratory failure. Based on the data obtained, a model with sensitivity equal to 92.5 %, specifi­city 92.1 % and an area under ROC-curve (AUC) 0.94 ± 0.054, p < 0.001 (95% CI 0.90–0.99). Using a prognostic model, thre­shold values were calculated: for spontaneous miscarriage — 0.810; chronic intrauterine fetal hypoxia — 0.289; inflammatory changes in the placenta — 0.565; the presence of respiratory failure — 0.928, which at threshold values ≥ 0.56 ROC-curve allows identify a high risk group for the development of congenital pneumonia among full-term newborns.
Medication-induced inhibition of the activity of sensing quorum of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria
Authors: Abaturov А.Е. , Kryuchko Т.А.
Published: September 2019

The scientific review deals with the modern concepts of the quorum sensing systems LasI/R, RhlI/R, PqsABCDH/R and IQS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, the functioning of which causes their survival under the most unfavorable and bactericidal conditions. For writing the article, information was searched ­using Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Global Health, The Cochrane Library, CyberLeninka, RISC. High antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria as causative agents for nosocomial infectious diseases is due to the ability to create a biofilm. The mechanisms of biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, which are represented by the quorum sensing system LasI/R, RhlI/R, PqsABCDH/R and IQS, are described. The data of scientific studies that reveal the role of quorum sensing-dependent virulence factors of the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the pathogenesis of the infectious process are presented. The hierarchical unified organization of the quorum sensing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria in the formation of a biofilm was demonstrated. The formation of biofilm by Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria predetermines the lack of effectiveness of antibiotic therapy and the risk of developing a chronic process. Attention is focused on the possibilities of drug suppression of quorum sensing-associated factors of bacterial virulence and biofilm formation when using any molecular component of the quorum system of sensing bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a target. The cha­racteristics of some compounds that inhibit the sensory system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria are given, and it is likely that they will be able to develop medicines for use in medical practice for the treatment of infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria.
Водно-электролитные нарушения при тяжелой черепно-мозговой травме
Authors: Ilchyshyn O.Ya.
Published: September 2019

Эта обзорная статья освещает актуальность проблемы современных критериев диагностики водно-электролитных нарушений при черепно-мозговой травме. Приведен перечень клинических и визуализационных, лабораторных диагностических критериев возникновения центрального несахарного диабета при открытых или закрытых травматических поражениях гипоталамо-гипофизарной области головного мозга. Современная диагностика, прогнозирование и своевременная коррекция водно-электролитного дисбаланса у данных пациентов минимизируют повреждающее действие гипо-/гипернатриемии при первичном повреждении головного мозга и гипоталамо-гипофизарной системы различной этиологии и способствуют более быстрому эффекту терапии в динамике заболевания пациента.
Двадцать лет «серебряной пули» против интоксикации местными анестетиками
Authors: Kolomachenko V.I. , Fesenko V.S.
Published: September 2019

Местные анестетики (МА), как и все другие медикаменты, могут вызвать нежелательные явления. В отличие от крайне редких (приблизительно 1 : 1 000 000) аллергических реакций на МА интоксикация местными анестетиками (ИМА) значительно более вероятна (инцидентность приблизительно 1 : 1000), особенно с относительно высокими дозами, применяемыми для эпидуральных или больших блокад нервов. Лечение тяжелой ИМА от современных анестетиков мощного и длительного действия (например, бупивакаины) было очень трудным и почти безнадежным до успешного «липидного спасения» довольно высокими внутривенными дозами липидной эмульсии у крыс в 1998 году, затем у пациентов в 2006 году. Этот революционный метод (20% липидная эмульсия болюсом 100 мл в течение 2–3 минут, затем инфузией 200–250 мл в течение 15–20 хвилин, если не восстановится стабильность гемодинамики — рассмотреть повторный болюс или ускорение инфузии), образно названный «серебряной пулей» против ИМА, сначала рекомендовался лишь как средство отчаяния в случае безуспешной реанимации. Однако рекомендации Американского общества региональной анестезии 2010, 2012 и 2017 годов последовательно становились все менее консервативными, и теперь «липидное спасение» рекомендуется при первых признаках серьезной ИМА, сразу после обеспечения проходимости дыхательных путей. Вывод: один литр 20% липидной эмульсии должен находиться на каждом рабочем месте, где выполняют эпидуральную анестезию или большие блокады нервов высокими дозами МА.