bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expression of ephrinB2 and EphB4 in a neonatal rat model of periventricular white matter damage
Authors: Zhu Lihua , Qian Lijuan , Wang Shiyu , Wang Ting , Jiang Li
Published: October 2014

Background: Periventricular white matter damage (PWMD), also termed periventricular leukomalacia, is the predominant neurologic lesion in preterm infants. It appears to relate in part to the development of the vascular supply to the cerebral white matter. We investigated whether, in case of severe hypoxia-ischemia, the vascular system would be subject to severe damage or remodeled.

Aims: To evaluate microvessel density (MVD) and the use of ephrinB2 and its receptor EphB4 to mark arterioles and venules to establish the correct anatomic assignment of the remodeled vessels in a hypoxia-induced PWMD rat model.

Methods: Postnatal day 3 rats underwent permanent ligation of the right common carotid artery followed by 6% O2 for 4 h (hypoxia-ischemia) or sham operation and normoxic exposure (sham). MVD and levels of ephrinB2 and EphB4, which are respectively regarded as relatively specific molecular markers of arteries and veins, were determined at postnatal day 7.

Results: Compared with sham rats, MVD, ephrinB2 and EphB4 levels were higher in the brains of hypoxic-ischemic rats. Similar percentages of vessels expressed ephrinB2 and EphB4 in sham rats, but expression of ephrinB2 was greater in brains injured by hypoxia-ischemia.

Conclusions: Following hypoxic-ischemic injury to the rat brain, microvessels were remodeled and more arterioles than venules were acquired.
Reactions of 2-cyano-3-ferrocenylacrylonitrile with malononitrile: formation of 4-ferrocenylpyridine-3,5-dicarbonitrile derivatives and sodium polymeric complexes containing carbanionic ligands
Authors: Klimova Elena Ivanovna , García Marcos Martínez , Sánchez García Jessica Jazmin , Apan Teresa Ramírez , Churakov Andrei V. , Beletskaya Irina Petrovna
Published: October 2014

The reactions of 2-cyano-3-ferrocenylacrylonitrile with malononitrile in a EtOH/H2O or MeOH/H2O medium in the presence of Na2CO3 afforded 6-alkoxy-2-amino-4-ferrocenylpyridine-3,5-dicarbonitriles 3a,b (multi-component condensation), 6-alkoxy-2-amino-4-ferrocenyl-3-ferrocenylmethyl-3,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarbonitriles 4a,b (multi-component cyclodimerization) and Na+ polymeric complexes: {[Na+(2-ferrocenyl(tetracyano)propenyl)–L]∞5a,b and [Na+(2-amino-3,5-dicyano-4-ferrocenyl-6-pyridyl-dicyanomethyl)–L]∞6a,b, where L = ethanol, methanol. Complexes with L = acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, acetone, ethyl acetate were prepared by recrystallization. The structures of the compounds 3b, 4b and Na+ polymeric complexes were established by the spectroscopic data and X-ray diffraction analysis. Two compounds 3a and 4a were tested in vitro against six human tumor cell lines U-251, PC-3, K-562, HCT-15, MCF-7 and SKLU-1 to assess their in vitro antitumor activity. The results suggest biological specificity towards PC-3, K-562 and HCT-15 cells for compound 3a, and towards PC-3 cell for compound 4a at doses of 50 μM, which are lower than cis-platin.
Advantages of polymer-supported multivalent organocatalysts for the Baylis-Hillman reaction over their soluble analogues
Authors: Barak-Kulbak Einav , Goren Kerem , Portnoy Moshe
Published: October 2014

Immobilization of well-defined catalytic units onto insoluble support promises significant benefits, but frequently results in a reduced activity and selectivity of the heterogenized catalysts. Recently, we showed that introduction of a dendritic spacer between the support and the units could remedy the compromised activity and/or selectivity of heterogenized catalysts and, in particular, of the systems based on N-alkylated imidazoles. These catalysts exhibit an outstanding multivalency effect on the activity in the Baylis-Hillman reaction, while preserving very high chemoselectivity. In order to better understand this remarkable effect, we decided to synthesize and examine soluble analogues of the supported systems. These soluble catalysts display poor chemoselectivity, although it improves with the increase of the dendritic generation. Though the consumption of the limiting aldehyde reactant (conversion) displays the opposite trend, experiments demonstrated that the chemoselectivity is generation-dependent rather than conversion-dependent. A hydrophobic “pocket” effect was implicated as responsible for the differences between the polystyrene-bound and the soluble catalysts. An MS analysis of the crude reaction mixture revealed that the formation of multiple adducts, which incorporate several enone and several nitrobenzaldehyde fragments into a single molecular structure (as opposed to one-to-one stoichiometry of the Baylis-Hillman reaction), is responsible for the decline in the chemoselectivity.
Phosphonium grafted styrene–divinylbenzene resins impregnated with iron(III) and crown ethers for arsenic removal
Authors: Negrea Adina , Popa Adriana , Ciopec Mihaela , Lupa Lavinia , Negrea Petru , Davidescu Corneliu M. , Motoc Marinela , Mînzatu Vasile
Published: October 2014

In the present work a polymer with phosphonium pendant groups impregnated with crown ether (dibenzo-18-crown-6) and loaded with iron ions was investigated for arsenic removal through adsorption from aqueous solutions. The impregnated polymer was loaded with iron ions due to the high affinity of arsenic to it. The characterization of the surface modification of the obtained new adsorbent material was performed on the basis of energy dispersive X-ray analysis; scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The arsenic adsorption was investigated, including effect of pH, arsenic initial concentration, the shaking time and temperature. The effect of the pH was examined over the range 2–11. The adsorption of As(V) increases with pH increasing reaching a maximum at pH higher than 8. Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies were carried out to study the adsorption performance of the obtained material in the removal process of arsenic from aqueous solutions. For the studied materials the equilibrium data closely fitted Langmuir model and was achieved a maximum adsorption capacity of 32.6 μg As(V)/g of material. The pseudo-second order kinetic model is suitable for describing the adsorption system. The obtained results show that the studied adsorbent can be used with efficiency in the arsenic removal from underground water even from low influent arsenic concentration solutions.
Language contact and variation patterns in Walser German subordination
Authors: Negro Silvia Dal
Published: October 2014

Walser German is an archaic variety of Alemannic still spoken in few isolated communities in the Italian Alps. These dialects are characterized by extreme variability, language contact and decay. Moreover, they have developed independently from one another, partly because of different sociolinguistic conditions and partly because lack of contact from one another. Today, this variety of linguistic outcomes and sociolinguistic contexts offers us wealth of linguistic material that can help us reconstruct the development of innovative syntactic structures in subordination and of a mixed system of complementizers.
The syntax of subordination in Cimbrian and the rationale behind language

contact
Authors: Bidese Ermenegildo , Padovan Andrea , Tomaselli Alessandra
Published: October 2014

The aim of this contribution is twofold: (i) providing a detailed description of subordination in Cimbrian and (ii) discussing the concept of language contact in terms of feature transfer. As has been recently pointed out, Cimbrian declarative and relative clauses display a unique pattern among the German dialects w.r.t. embedding. In fact, different complementizers trigger different syntax as regards the position of the finite verb. In our contribution, we extend the analysis to adverbial clauses for the first time and also investigate the double pattern of embedding in indirect wh-questions. Our data suggest that contact-induced syntactic change can be explained in terms of transfer of single abstract features.
On the variability of Texas German wo as a complementizer
Authors: Boas Hans C. , Pierce Marc , Brown Collin L.
Published: October 2014

This paper investigates the multiple functions of wo in the complementizer position of relative and non-relative clauses in Texas German (= TxG), a critically endangered diaspora dialect of German, in order to determine whether its distribution is unique or comparable to that of wo in Standard German. We further attempt to determine whether the different functions of wo in the complementizer position are due to internal or external factors. Finally, we address the question of whether the variability of wo is perhaps indicative of the imminent demise of TxG.
An Empirical Study on the Wake Around a Squatting Worker in a Confined Space
Authors: Ojima June
Published: October 2014

An Empirical Study on the Wake Around a Squatting Worker in a Confined Space: Jun OJIMA. National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health—

Objectives

When an air current flows from behind a worker, the contaminant level in the breathing zone may increase due to the wake around the worker. Researchers have been investigating about this wake, and much knowledge has been provided about the wake that appears around a standing worker. However, the wake around a squatting worker has not been addressed. This study aimed to describe the wake in front of a worker squatting in a confined space by using a model worker and a chamber and investigate the conditions in which this wake develops easily.

Methods

A mannequin was employed as a model worker and was placed in the chamber to simulate a squatting worker in a confined space. Then, air was sent from behind under various conditions with a fan, and the wake was observed.

Results

A wake appeared when smoke was emitted at 0–0.1 m from the point just below the breathing zone, and most of the wake region was in the range between the point just below the model worker's breathing zone and body. A wake did not appear when a fan of 0.15 m in diameter was used. The flow rate and velocity of the airflow were almost irrelevant with respect to wake development.

Conclusions

The following are recommended based on the results of the present study. i) The distance between a source of contaminants and the point just below the breathing zone should be more than 0.2 m. ii) An air duct with a cross‐section of less than 0.02 m2is desirable to avoid producing a wake.
Technical evaluation of the fertilization of flue cured tobacco farming in Campoalegre and Garzon, Huila
Authors: Hoyos Verónica , Plaza Guido
Published: October 2014

Agricultural production changes constantly and producers have to be able to use resources more efficiently to obtain a greater yield and improve quality at the lowest possible cost. Consequently, the objective of this paper was to carry out a technical evaluation of the fertilization programs for flue-cured tobacco farming in the municipalities of Campoalegre and Garzon, located in the department of Huila, Colombia. Seven treatments, corresponding to six fertilization alternatives (three dosages and two application sources) and the conventional treatment carried out by producers (the control) were evaluated. When the leaves reached ripeness for harvest, they were harvested, cured and later classified and weighed to measure the yield and the quality obtained from the treatments. For the technical and economic analysis, the yield, fertilization cost, net and gross income, and the purchase quality were taken into account. The municipality of Campoalegre showed a greater average yield (3,080 kg ha-1) over Garzon (2,640 kg ha-1). For both municipalities, the highest costs were experienced with the 150% fertilization treatment and the use of ammonium sulphate (AMS). For Campoalegre, the greatest yield was obtained without the use of ammonium sulphate at all three dosages. In Garzon, the greatest yield was obtained with the 100% dosage with or without the use of AMS and the conventional treatment carried out by the producers. The best cost-benefit ratio in Campoalegre was obtained with the 50% dosage of fertilization recommended without use of AMS and, in Garzon, it was obtained with the conventional treatment.
Near-infrared (NIR) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for the prediction of carbon and nitrogen in an Oxisol
Authors: Camacho-Tamayo Jesús H. , Rubiano S. Yolanda , Hurtado S. María del Pilar
Published: October 2014

The characterization of soil properties through laboratory analysis is an essential part of the diagnosis of the potential use of lands and their fertility. Conventional chemical analyzes are expensive and time consuming, hampering the adoption of crop management technologies, such as precision agriculture. The aim of the present paper was to evaluate the potential of near-infrared (NIR) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for the prediction of the carbon and nitrogen of Typic Hapludox. In the A and B horizons, 1,240 samples were collected in order to determine the total carbon (TC) and nitrogen (TN) contents, obtain the NIR spectral curve, and build models using partial least squares regression. The use of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and statistical techniques allowed for the quantification of the TC with adequate models of prediction based on a small number of samples, an residual prediction deviation RPD greater than 2.0, an R2 greater than 0.80 and a low root mean square error RMSE. For TN, models with a good level of prediction were not obtained. The results based on the NIR models were able to be integrated directly into the geostatistical evaluations, obtaining similar digital maps from the observed and predicted TC. The use of pedometric techniques showed promising results for these soils and constitutes a basis for the development of this area of research on soil science in Colombia.
Proposal for a strategic management plan for experimental agricultural and academic farm "El Cairo" of Arauca
Authors: Nieves Elías , Bermudez Lilia Teresa , Rodríguez Luis Felipe
Published: October 2014

This paper presents a design for a strategic management plan for the Experimental Agricultural and Academic Farm: El Cairo of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Orinoquía branch. A non-experimental methodological design was used, from which a situational analysis of the farm was generated, which was used as a basis to formulate and design a Strategic Management plan for a five-year period. It was concluded that the current organization and management plan does not meet the mission objectives of research, teaching, and continuing education, suggesting a need for the articulation of the farm with the administrative and academic structure of the university in carrying out the strategic management plan derived from the current research.
Nutrient uptake of the criolla potato (Solanum phureja var. Galeras) for the determination of critical nutritional levels
Authors: Suarez M. Carlos A. , Torres B. Jaime
Published: October 2014

Based on the nutrient uptake of the criolla potato (Solanum phureja var. Galeras), the critical nutritional levels were determined on a farm in the Carrizal district of the municipality of Granada (Cundinamarca). Five fertilizing treatments were used: 0 fertilization (control), commercial control (CC), proposed recommendation + 50% (PR + 50%), proposed recommendation (PR), proposed recommendation - 50% (PR - 50%); organized with a random complete block design with three repetitions and repeated measurements over time; in each one, the material and nutrient absorption were evaluated in four phonological stages; in which the harvest, yield and profitability were measured. It was observed that the dry material increased rapidly until 113 days after planting (dap) and was higher in treatments CC and PR + 50% with 8,818 and 7,743 kg ha-1 , respectively. The statistical analysis showed that the elements: N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Zn, Cu and B did not present significant differences over time after 77 dap in treatments CC and PR + 50%. There were no significant differences in yield for treatments CC and PR + 50% but there were significant differences between these treatments and the others. The economic analysis showed that treatment CC had the highest profitability, confirming this as the critical level for the Galeras variety in Granada (Cundinamarca).
The effect of high iron doses (Fe2+) on the growth of broccoli plants (Brassica oleracea var. Italica)
Authors: Peña-Olmos Jaime E. , Casierra Posada Fánor , Olmos-Cubides Misael A.
Published: October 2014

Tests were carried out under greenhouse conditions in Tunja (Colombia) in order to evaluate the effect of Fe2+ toxicity on the growth of broccoli plants. 'Legacy' hybrid Brassica oleracea var. Italica plantlets were grown in glass containers with a nutritive solution. Iron sulfate was added to the substrate in order to produce excess iron at concentrations of 100 and 200 mg L-1; a control without iron sulfate applications was used. The following evaluations were made: leaf area, total dry weight of the plants, distribution of dry mass (DM) in the different organs, absolute growth rate, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate and the root:shoot ratio. The total DM decreased drastically in the plants subjected to excess Fe2+, the growth indices progressively decreased with increases in the Fe2+ concentrations in the substrate and the distribution of DM in the organs varied as a function of the needs of the plants, with 15.85 and 11.10% less DM in the roots of the plants subjected to Fe2+ than in the control plants, at 100 and 250 mg L-1, respectively.
La gestión del conocimiento y la calidad de la docencia de postgrado en las universidades: un estudio exploratorio
Authors: Rodríguez-Ponce Emilio , Cohen-Hornickel Wladimir , Pedraja-Rejas Liliana , Araneda-Guirriman Carmen , Rodríguez-Ponce Juan
Published: October 2014

La investigación tiene por objetivo explorar y analizar si el proceso de gestión del conocimiento tiene un impacto significativo sobre la calidad de la docencia de postgrado. Para este fin, se aplicó un cuestionario a una muestra de 48 directivos de universidades chilenas; posteriormente, se comprobó la fiabilidad de los datos recogidos; luego, se llevó a cabo un Análisis de Componentes Principales para las dimensiones de la gestión del conocimiento y un Análisis de Regresión Lineal Simple para ver su impacto sobre la docencia de postgrado. Los resultados del estudio muestran que la gestión del conocimiento tiene una capacidad explicativa del 38,4% sobre la calidad de la docencia de postgrado. En consecuencia, el modelo planteado es estadísticamente significativo (p < 0,01). De este modo, se concluye que la gestión del conocimiento tiene un impacto positivo en la calidad de la docencia de postgrado.
Franz Liszt: un acteur essentiel de la rencontre entre E.T.A. Hoffmann et George Sand ?
Authors: Lelièvre Stéphane
Published: October 2014

E.T.A. Hoffmann, Franz Liszt and George Sand share the same vision of art and in particular of music. Is this similarity fortuitous? Up to which extent did Liszt and Sand know Hoffmann and could discuss on his work? Anyhow after meeting Liszt, Sand gets a deeper knowledge of Hoffmann, and develops her theories about art: to that point, meeting the Hungarian musician was probably critical.
Properties of Dopants in ZnGeP2, CdGeAs2, AgGaS2 and AgGaSe2
Authors: Bairamov B.H. , Rud' V.Yu. , Rud' Yu.V.
Published: October 2014

Ternary-chalcopyrite structure ZnGeP2, CdGeAs2 (II-IV-V2) and AgGaS2, AgGaSe2 (I-III-VI2) compounds are currently of technological interest. They show the most promise for practical nonlinear optical applications in the areas of high-efficiency optical parametric oscillators and frequency up-converters for the infrared (ir) range as well as for widespectral-range optoelectronic devices. (See also the article by Schunemann, Schepler, and Budni in this issue.) However extensive realization of their potential has still not been achieved. One of the principal difficulties in the way to obtaining high-device-quality ZnGeP2, CdGeAs2, AgGaS2, and AgGaSe2 single crystals is undesired optical absorption in their transparency range near the fundamental band edge induced by lattice-related defects. This article summarizes selected aspects of dopant-incorporation techniques of these crystals including dopant choice of dopant material and monitoring of dopant incorporation as done in our laboratory.

In general for the ternary chalcopyrite compounds, doping-incorporation processes are more complicated in comparison to those of binary zinc-blende III-V compounds. The most common sources of dominant incorporation of acceptors and donors in as-grown chalcopyrites are believed to appear from (1) nonstoichiometric melts as well as by doping with different elements during the growth process and (2) incomplete removal of disorder on the cation sublattice during subsequent cooling. Furthermore the chalcopyrite structure II-IV-V2 undergoes a disorder-order phase transition upon cooling through approximately 1220 K for ZnGeP2 and 900 K for CdGeAs2. At these transition temperatures, solidification can be complicated also by supercooling phenomena, and the crystals transform from the cubic zinc-blende structure (where Zn atoms randomly fill cation sites) to the ordered chalcopyrite structure (e.g., when Zn and Ge occupy alternating cation sites in ZnGeP2).
The definition of the area of felling forests by high resolution satellite images
Authors: Burshtynska Khrystyna , Polishchuk Bogdan , Madyar Judith
Published: October 2014

The paper presents a hybrid classification method based on the determination of the optimal
number of classes according to uncontrolled classification followed by image processing techniques of controlled classification.
A criterion for determining the optimal number of classes is proposed based on the definition of
averaged values differences of average spectral brightness among the classes. Space images from
satellites Ikonos (2002, 2007) and QuickBird (2010) were used to study different time cuttings in
the forests of the Carpathian region.
A significant amount of ground observation was held for getting test information.
A Hybrid Classification Method is used for different time cuttings by QuickBird satellite images
and implemented in a software environment of ERDAS Imagine. In order to obtain acreage of
cuttings made for the period of 2002–2007 and 2007–2010, a comparative analysis of cuttings is
introduced in these time intervals and their area is determined on the basis of the digital images
of polygons in the ArcGIS software environment.
Repercussões clínicas e radiológicas do neurofibroma plexiforme na região pélvica
Authors: Slaibi Érica Bertolace , Daher João Gabriel Lima , Fonseca Gustavo Guida Godinho da , Daher Carlos Magno , Geller Mauro , Ribeiro Márcia Gonçalves
Published: October 2014

Descrição de caso de neurofibroma plexiforme localizado na região pélvica comprometendo bexiga, próstata e coluna lombossacra, com evolução de três anos e seis meses. Diante de contraindicação de remoção cirúrgica, foi realizado acompanhamento clínico e radiológico semestral, sem constatação de crescimento tumoral. Na neurofibromatose tipo 1, as manifestações clínicas são diversas e a equipe médica deve estar atenta à investigação complementar e pode ser surpreendida por um achado raro. As massas pélvicas volumosas podem, eventualmente, corresponder a neurofibromas plexiformes, sendo útil a investigação de neurofibromatose caso o paciente ainda não tenha esse diagnóstico.
Fotografia e a cultura política nos tempos da política da Boa Vizinhança
Authors: Mauad Ana Maria
Published: October 2014

O artigo analisa a produção fotográfica de Genevieve Naylor, fotógrafa contratada pelo Departamento de Estado dos Estados Unidos para produzir a imagem do Brasil como um bom vizinho, durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial. Na abordagem busca-se traçar paralelos entre a presença cultural da população negra nos Estados Unidos e no Brasil, por meio da análise do conteúdo e da expressão das imagens fotográficas produzidas por Naylor no Rio de Janeiro; dos contatos que ela estabeleceu com a intelectualidade brasileira e, finalmente, das letras de duas musicas cantadas por Carmen Miranda, um dos ícones da cultura popular de massa que configurava no Brasil dos anos 1940, a relação entre o nacional e o popular.
Telas agrícolas como subcobertura no cultivo de alface hidropônica
Authors: Sales Francisco Alexandre de Lima , Barbosa Filho José Antônio Delfino , Barbosa João Paulo Rodrigues Alves Delfino , Viana Thales Vinícius de Araújo , Freitas Cley Anderson Silva de
Published: October 2014

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes tipos de telas de sombreamento utilizadas como subcobertura no cultivo hidropônico de alface. Para isso, foi conduzido um experimento em estufas cobertas com filme plástico de 150µm com três tipos de subcobertura: tela termorrefletora, preta, vermelha e um ambiente controle sem o uso de tela. Para avaliar a modificação ambiental ocasionada pelos tratamentos, foram instalados em cada estufa e no ambiente externo um termohigrômetro data logger, que registrou a temperatura a cada 15 minutos do dia 18/05/2011 ao dia 14/06/2011. Posteriormente, foram calculados os graus-dia acumulados em cada ambiente. Para analisar as variações de crescimento das plantas nas diferentes condições de cultivo, foram realizadas cinco coletas ao longo do período experimental. Após a coleta das plantas, elas eram levadas ao laboratório para contagem do número de folhas maiores que 10cm de comprimento e para a determinação do índice de área foliar. Os resultados indicaram que o uso das telas alterou os padrões da temperatura, quando o uso das telas termorrefletora e preta reduziu a temperatura máxima em 4,7 e 3,6ºC, respectivamente, em relação ao ambiente controle, permitindo um menor acúmulo térmico no período experimental. Quanto às alterações morfológicas ocasionadas pelas modificações ambientais, foi possível constatar que o uso das telas termorrefletora e preta aumentou o número de folhas maiores que 10cm e o índice de área foliar. O uso de tela preta ou termorrefletora como subcobertura em estufas pode ser uma alternativa viável para incrementar a produção de alface em condições tropicais
Acelerações eficazes na interface assento-operador de um trator
Authors: Pinho Marivan da Silva , Schlosser José Fernando , Frantz Ulisses Giacomini , Farias Marcelo Silveira , Uhry Daniel , Ribas Rodrigo Lampert
Published: October 2014

Este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar as magnitudes das acelerações eficazes na interface assento-operador, utilizando três posições de regulagem do assento, duas profundidades de escarificação, duas velocidades de deslocamento e três configurações de lastros. O experimento foi realizado na Universidade Federal de Santa Maria com delineamento experimental de parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições, totalizando 144 unidades experimentais. Utilizou-se um trator agrícola, com potência no motor de 63kW (85cv), tendo um escarificador acoplado. Os dados foram registrados através de um acelerômetro triaxial posicionado na interface assento-operador. Concluiu-se que as magnitudes das acelerações eficazes obtidas, na interface assento-operador, em todos os 36 tratamentos, ficaram acima do limite de conforto na frequência de 1 a 80Hz, estabelecidas pela norma (International Organization for Standardization 2631-1: 1997) para exposição de oito horas diárias do operador.
Registro de Leptocybe invasa no estado de Goiás
Authors: Pereira Jaqueline Magalhães , Melo Aniela Pilar Campos de , Rodrigues Ohana Daroszewki , Dias Thaíse Karla Ribeiro , Wilcken Carlos Frederico
Published: October 2014

Registra-se a primeira ocorrência de Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) no estado de Goiás em Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden. A detecção ocorreu no município de Goiânia.
Regeneração de plantas a partir de dois tipos de explantes de milho submetidos à transformação genética por biobalística
Authors: Vidigal Tiago Mateus Andrade , Schuster Ivan , Texeira Leandra Regina , Colauto Nelson Barros
Published: October 2014

O uso da biobalística na transformação genética de plantas requer a otimização de diversos parâmetros, entre eles, o desenvolvimento de protocolos para regeneração de plantas a partir de células transformadas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência de regeneração de plantas de milho a partir de calos embriogênicos e de explantes sementes divididas, submetidos à transformação por biobalística, utilizando o gene bar como marcador de seleção. Foram submetidos 2000 agrupamentos de calos embriogênicos de milho e 2000 explantes sementes divididas à transformação por biobalística. A seleção dos eventos de transformação foi realizada em meios de cultivo suplementados com glifosinato de amônio. As plântulas selecionadas foram aclimatadas e transplantadas para vasos em casa de vegetação. Com a utilização de embriogênese somática, a eficiência de regeneração foi de 0,2%, enquanto que, com a utilização de sementes divididas, a eficiência de regeneração foi de 1,3%. Embora ambos os protocolos possibilitem a regeneração de plantas de milho submetidas à transformação por biobalística, há a necessidade de aumentar sua eficiência.
[NO TITLE AVAILABLE]
Authors: Gazola Rodolfo de Niro , Mello Luiz Malcolm Mano de , Dinalli Raíssa Pereira , Teixeira Filho Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto , Celestrino Thiago de Souza , Dupas Elisângela , Garcia Cássia Maria de Paula
Published: October 2014

Considerando o crescimento da produção de forragem no sistema integração lavoura-pecuária e a possibilidade de consorciação de milho com forrageiras semeadas em diferentes profundidades, ainda são necessárias mais pesquisas para entender o desenvolvimento das principais forrageiras. Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar o perfilhamento e a produtividade de matéria seca de duas espécies de braquiárias submetidas a profundidades de deposição das sementes em consórcio com milho, em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária, na região do Cerrado. O experimento foi conduzido em sistema plantio direto no município de Selvíria - MS, num LATOSSOLO VERMELHO Distroférrico, textura argilosa. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 2x3, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram duas espécies de braquiárias (Brachiaria brizantha cv. 'Marandu' e Brachiaria ruziziensis), cujas sementes foram misturadas ao fertilizante do milho, e três profundidades (8, 10 e 16cm) de deposição do fertilizante + sementes. A deposição das sementes de braquiárias a 16cm de profundidade resultou em menor número de perfilhos e produtividade de matéria seca. O perfilhamento das forrageiras foi influenciado pelo ciclo do milho, com tendência de estabilização no fechamento das entre linhas da cultura e retomada na emissão de perfilhos no final do ciclo
Raleio químico de frutos de ameixeira com ethephon
Authors: Pavanello Alexandre Pozzobom , Ayub Ricardo Antônio
Published: October 2014

O raleio promove equilíbrio entre o crescimento vegetativo e produtivo, aumento no tamanho dos frutos e evita alternância da produção. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes concentrações de ethephon no raleio químico de frutos das ameixeiras cultivares 'Irati' e 'Reubennel', na região de Arapoti-PR. Os tratamentos foram cinco concentrações de ethephon (0, 60, 80, 100, 120 μL L-1) para cultivar 'Irati' e quatro concentrações (0, 60, 80, 120 μL L-1) para a cultivar 'Reubennel', aplicadas quando os frutos apresentavam 5 mm de diâmetro. Foram avaliados: produção por planta, massa dos frutos, calibre, teor de sólidos solúveis, firmeza, acidez titulável, pH e coloração dos frutos. Na concentração de 120 μL L-1 de ethephon a cultivar 'Irati' produziu 20 kg planta-1 e a cultivar 'Reubennel' 56 kg planta-1, apresentando quantidade satisfatória de frutos com calibre III e IV. Não houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos para as variáveis firmeza, sólidos solúveis, pH, acidez e coloração, avaliadas na pós-colheita para as duas cultivares de ameixeira
Teores de carboidratos e fluorescência da clorofila a em folhas de limeiras ácidas 'Tahiti' submetidas ao anelamento e incisão anelar de ramos
Authors: Santos Dierlei dos , Siqueira Dalmo Lopes de , Salomão Luiz Carlos Chamhum , Cecon Paulo Roberto , Oliveira Girlaine Pereira , Machado Daniel Lucas Magalhães , Zucoloto Moises
Published: October 2014

Objetivou-se estudar a dinâmica dos carboidratos e a fluorescência da clorofila a em folhas de limeiras ácidas 'Tahiti', submetidas a épocas diferentes de anelamento e incisão anelar de ramos. Foram estudadas quatro épocas de realização de anelamento e incisão anelar, com um tratamento adicional, sem interrupção do floema. O anelamento, independentemente da época de realização, aumentou os teores de amido (55 a 90%) e açúcares solúveis totais (8 a 18%) nas folhas do 'Tahiti' até por volta dos 50 aos 60 dias. A incisão anelar, independentemente da época de realização, aumentou a concentração de amido (10 a 35%) em relação à testemunha, porém, o aumento foi inferior ao que ocorreu nas plantas aneladas (55 a 90%). O anelamento promoveu aumentos de F0 e redução da relação Fv/Fm, sendo os valores máximos (350) e mínimos (0,78), respectivamente, atingidos por volta dos 60 dias. Para as plantas da testemunha e incindidas, houve aumento de F0, sendo o valor máximo atingido aos 50 dias (320), porém inferior aos observados para o anelamento, e não houve alteração da relação Fv/Fm
Effects of a dietary added formaldehyde-propionic acid blend on feed enterobacteria counts and on growing pig performance and fecal formaldehyde excretion
Authors: Sbardella Maicon , Perina Danilo do Prado , Andrade Carla de , Longo Flavio Alves , Miyada Valdomiro Shigueru
Published: October 2014

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a dietary added formaldehyde-propionic acid blend on feed enterobacteria counts and on growing pig performance and fecal formaldehyde excretion. Forty pigs (34.2±1.8kg BW) were used in a randomized complete block design experiment with four treatments, five replications per treatment and two animals per experimental unit (pen). The treatments were: 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0g of blend kg-1 of feed. No effects (P>0.05) of dietary added blend levels were observed on average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed:gain ratio during 1 to 14 and 1 to 28 days of experiment. Increasing dietary levels of blend reduced quadratically (P<0.01) total Enterobacteriaceae counts on 1st and 14th day after feed mixing, allowing to estimate, respectively, 2.63 and 3.35g kg-1 (average 2.99g kg-1) as the formaldehyde-propionic acid blend levels with lowest feed Enterobacteriaceae counts. Therefore, formaldehyde-propionic acid blend can reduce and/or control feed Enterobacteriaceae growth. There was no effect (P>0.05) of blend on fecal formaldehyde excretion on the 28th day of the experimental period. Therefore, the addition of dietary formaldehyde-propionic acid blend up to 3.0g kg-1 of feed reduces the Enterobacteriaceae counts until the 14th day after feed mixing, without any effects on growing pig performance and fecal formaldehyde excretion
Deterministic economic analysis of feedlot Red Angus young steers: slaughter weights and bonus
Authors: Pacheco Paulo Santana , Vaz Fabiano Nunes , Restle João , Ávila Mozer Manetti de , Olegario Janaine Leal , Menezes Fernanda Rezer de , Valença Karoline Gomes , Lemes Daniel Batista , Vargas Fabiano Vargas de
Published: October 2014

The joint analysis of indicators of the investment project is very relevant in making decisions, resulting in more consistent information regarding risk assessment and its confrontation with the possibility of return. This research aimed to evaluate the economic feasibility of Red Angus young steers finished in feedlot, slaughtered at 340, 373, 396 or 430kg with use of various financial indicators, marketed with or without bonus. The purchase of feeder cattle and feeding were variable costs with a higher share in the total cost. In the analysis with bonus, the regression analysis to gross margin, net margin, net present value, benefit:cost index and additional return on investment showed quadratic behavior, with the point of maximum at 406kg (R$ 185.17), 406kg (R$ 161.76) , 393kg (R$ 128.29), 392kg (1.12), 392kg (11.98%), respectively. In the analysis without bonus, gross margin and net margin showed a quadratic response (346kg, with R$ 110.31 and R$ 86.90, respectively), while for the other indicators, there was a linear reduction as an increase in slaughter weight.
Aortic dissection during antiangiogenic therapy with sunitinib. A case report
Authors: Formiga Maria Nirvana da Cruz , Fanelli Marcello Ferretti
Published: October 2014

CONTEXT:Sunitinib is an antiangiogenic drug that has been approved for treating metastatic renal cancer. Its action as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and other angiogenesis receptors may lead to adverse effects such as hypertension and heart failure. However, reports in the literature on an association between sunitinib therapy and acute aortic dissection are rare.CASE REPORT:We report the case of a 68-year-old man with metastatic renal carcinoma who developed acute aortic dissection during sunitinib therapy. He had no history of hypertension or any other risk factor for aortic dissection. After aortic dissection had been diagnosed, sunitinib was withdrawn and an aortic endoprosthesis was placed. Afterwards, the patient was treated clinically with antihypertensive drugs and new therapy for renal cancer consisting of temsirolimus, an inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway.CONCLUSION:Hypertension is a common event when antiangiogenic drugs are used in oncology. However, knowledge of other severe cardiovascular events that may occur in these patients, such as acute aortic dissection, is important. Adequate control over arterial pressure and frequent monitoring of patients during the first days of antiangiogenic therapy is essential for early diagnosis of possible adverse events.
Neuroprotective body hypothermia among newborns with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy: three-year experience in a tertiary university hospital. A retrospective observational study
Authors: Magalhães Mauricio , Rodrigues Francisco Paulo Martins , Chopard Maria Renata Tollio , Melo Victoria Catarina de Albuquerque , Melhado Amanda , Oliveira Inez , Gallacci Clery Bernardi , Pachi Paulo Roberto , Lima Neto Tabajara Barbosa
Published: October 2014

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE:Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Studies have shown that therapeutic hypothermia decreases neurological sequelae and death. Our aim was therefore to report on a three-year experience of therapeutic hypothermia among asphyxiated newborns.DESIGN AND SETTING:Retrospective study, conducted in a university hospital.METHODS:Thirty-five patients with perinatal asphyxia undergoing body cooling between May 2009 and November 2012 were evaluated.RESULTS:Thirty-nine infants fulfilled the hypothermia protocol criteria. Four newborns were removed from study due to refractory septic shock, non-maintenance of temperature and severe coagulopathy. The median Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes were 2 and 5. The main complication was infection, diagnosed in seven mothers (20%) and 14 newborns (40%). Convulsions occurred in 15 infants (43%). Thirty-one patients (88.6%) required mechanical ventilation and 14 of them (45%) were extubated within 24 hours. The duration of mechanical ventilation among the others was 7.7 days. The cooling protocol was started 1.8 hours after birth. All patients showed elevated levels of creatine phosphokinase, creatine phosphokinase- MB and lactate dehydrogenase. There was no severe arrhythmia; one newborn (2.9%) presented controlled coagulopathy. Four patients (11.4%) presented controlled hypotension. Twenty-nine patients (82.9%) underwent cerebral ultrasonography and 10 of them (34.5%) presented white matter hyper-echogenicity. Brain magnetic resonance imaging was performed on 33 infants (94.3%) and 11 of them (33.3%) presented hypoxic-ischemic changes. The hospital stay was 23 days. All newborns were discharged. Two patients (5.8%) needed gastrostomy.CONCLUSION:Hypothermia as therapy for asphyxiated newborns was shown to be safe.
High termite richness in an urban fragment of Atlantic Forest in northeastern Brazil
Authors: Ernesto Matilde Vasconcelos , Ramos Elaine Folly , Moura Flávia Maria da Silva , Vasconcellos Alexandre
Published: October 2014

Termites are very abundant in tropical ecosystems and have active roles in nutrient cycling and soil formation, but few studies of their assemblages have been undertaken in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. The present study analyzed the composition of termite assemblages in a fragment of Atlantic Forest embedded within an urban matrix in northeastern Brazil. Five standardized sampling protocols of termites were applied, with a total sampling effort of 1500m2. We encountered 45 species of termites belonging to 25 genera and three families. The soil-feeders group demonstrated the greatest species richness, while wood-feeders species were the most abundant. The species richness of termite in the study area was the greatest yet recorded for an Atlantic forest site in Brazil, indicating the importance of urban fragments for conserving tropical biodiversity.
Rendimento de maxixe em solo arenoso em função de doses de esterco bovino e biofertilizante
Authors: Oliveira Ademar P. de , Silva Ovídio P. R. da , Bandeira Natália V. da S. , Silva Damiana F. da , Silva Juliete A. , Pinheiro Suany M. G.
Published: October 2014

Este trabalho foi realizado na Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, PB, entre janeiro a junho de 2013, com o objetivo de avaliar a produtividade de frutos de maxixe adubado com esterco bovino e biofertilizante, em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 5 x 2, com os fatores cinco doses de esterco bovino (0, 15, 30, 45 e 60 t ha-1) e presença e ausência de biofertilizante no solo. As doses de 26,3 e 27,7 t ha-1 de esterco bovino foram responsáveis pelas máximas produtividades comerciais de frutos de maxixe de 12,4 e 10,0 t ha-1, respectivamente, com e sem biofertilizante. A dose de esterco responsável pela máxima produção de frutos na presença do biofertilizante se correlacionou com 18,6 g dm-3 de matéria orgânica residual no solo enquanto que na ausência do biofertilizante a correlação foi 20,0 g dm-3. Os teores máximos de N, P e K foliar no maxixeiro foram de 46,4, 3,7 e 26,0 g kg-1 com as doses de 60,0, 29,6 e 60,0 t ha-1 de esterco bovino com biofertilizante, respectivamente. Para os tratamentos que não receberam biofertilizantes os teores de N, P e K foliar foram de 40,0, 3,0 e 20,0 g kg-1, com as doses de 60,0, 29,6 e 60,0 t ha-1 de esterco bovino, respectivamente.
Gesso aplicado na superfície do solo no desenvolvimento do arroz de terras altas sob plantio direto
Authors: Arf Orivaldo , Rodrigues Ricardo A. F. , Nascente Adriano S. , Lacerda Mábio C.
Published: October 2014

A utilização de gesso agrícola no sistema plantio direto (SPD) pode ser alternativa para viabilizar o cultivo do arroz de terras altas por proporcionar o carreamento de nutrientes para as camadas mais profundas e estimular o crescimento radicular. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi determinar o efeito do gesso agrícola aplicado em superfície do solo sem revolvimento, na altura e no acamamento de plantas, nos componentes de produção, na produtividade e na qualidade industrial de grãos de arroz. O experimento foi desenvolvido durante três safras agrícolas em condições de campo, no município de Selvíria, MS. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos completos casualizados no esquema fatorial 4 x 3, com cinco repetições. Os tratamentos constaram da combinação entre as doses de gesso agrícola (0, 1000, 2000 e 3000 kg ha-1) com os anos de cultivo (2010/11, 2011/12 e 2012/13). A aplicação de gesso não afeta a altura de plantas, o acamamento, os componentes de produção, a produtividade nem a qualidade de grãos do arroz de terras altas no SPD quando semeado em solo com baixa saturação de alumínio e elevados teores de cálcio na camada de 20 a 40 cm.
New agroclimatic approach for soybean sowing dates recommendation: A case study
Authors: Battisti Rafael , Sentelhas Paulo C.
Published: October 2014

The objective of this study was to introduce a new approach to recommend sowing dates for soybean crop in Brazil, considering the climatic conditions and crop yield. The first step was to define the periods when air temperature is smaller than 40 °C and greater than 1 °C in at least 80% of the years, and with at least 60% of relative crop evapotranspiration during the establishment phase in more than 50% of the years. The actual yield of crop was estimated by FAO Agroecological zone model for the suitable sowing dates. Based on that, when actual yield overcome the production cost in more than 80% of years and mean air temperature along the cycle is between 20 and 30 °C, the sowing date is classified as suitable, but if actual yield overcome the production cost only between 60 and 80% of the years or mean air temperature is not between 20 and 30 °C, the date is classified as marginal. Sowing dates are considered as unsuitable if actual crop yield overcome the production cost in less than 60% of the years. The new approach was applied, as case studies, for Cruz Alta, RS, Jataí, GO, and Balsas, MA, in order to compare it with the agroclimatic zoning approach presently used in Brazil. The new procedures can generate more accurate information to support sowing dates recommendation for soybean, minimizing yield losses from climatic risk.
Desempenho e qualidade de ovos de galinhas poedeiras criadas em gaiolas enriquecidas e ambiente controlado
Authors: Oliveira Daniele L. de , Nascimento José W. B. do , Camerini Nerandi L. , Silva Rafael C. , Furtado Dermeval A. , Araujo Tiago G. P.
Published: October 2014

Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, avaliar o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos de poedeiras criadas em gaiolas enriquecidas e ambiente controlado, alojadas em câmara climática sob três temperaturas: 20, 26 e 32 ºC e U.R, 60%. As gaiolas apresentavam bebedouros, comedouros, ninhos e uma área com areia e lixa. Foram utilizadas 36 poedeiras da linhagem Dekalb White, com 27 semanas de idade, com seis aves/gaiolas. Foram analisados o consumo de ração e água, a produção e a qualidade dos ovos. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos e seis repetições. Nas condições ambiente de 20 e 26 ºC as aves se mostraram dentro da zona de conforto térmico sem diferença significativa e apresentando efeito positivo na qualidade dos ovos com melhores valores das médias nos parâmetros de qualidade. Na temperatura ambiente de 32 ºC, considerada fora da zona de conforto térmico, as aves apresentaram evidências de estresse térmico, propiciando aumento da ingestão de água, redução no consumo de ração, redução nos valores de percentual de produção e nos parâmetros de qualidade dos ovos. As gaiolas enriquecidas foram adequadas às galinhas apresentando produção de ovos com boa resistência da casca.