bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of lncRNA HOTAIR in colorectal cancer : a meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Shuangqian , Zhang Chunxiao , Feng Maohui
Published: February 2020

Abstract: HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is one of the most studied long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and is aberrantly expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC). We thus performed a comprehensive study based on meta-analysis and validation of the TCGA database to investigate clinicopathological and prognostic value of HOTAIR in CRC. Six studies enrolling 629 CRC patients were included in the analysis. The results indicated that high HOTAIR expression predicted worse OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.82-3.32, P < 0.01) and RFS (HR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.27-3.05, P < 0.01) for CRC patients. High HOTAIR expression was also significantly associated with venous invasion (OR = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.12-5.68, P = 0.02), advanced tumor infiltration (OR = 3.35, 95% CI: 1.34-8.42, P = 0.01) and distant metastasis (OR = 5.52, 95% CI: 1.22-25.01, P = 0.03). Then, the results were validated by the TCGA database, showing that the up-regulated expression of HOTAIR was significantly related to poor OS (P = 0.01) and RFS (P = 0.04) in CRC. Our meta-analysis indicated that high HOTAIR expression was closely associated with poor clinical outcomes and could be a reliable prognostic biomarker for CRC patients.
Treatment of insulinomas by laparoscopic radiofrequency ablation: case reports and literature review
Authors: Yao Changyu , Wang Xiangtao , Zhang Yongli , Kong Jian , Gao Jun , Ke Shan , Ding Xuemei , Xin Zonghai , Xu Wenlei , Wang Shaohong , Sun Wenbing
Published: February 2020

Despite its rarity, insulinoma is the most common type of pancreatic endocrine neoplasm, with an occurrence of 1 to 5 per million per year in the population. Surgical resection or enucleation is the first line of curative treatment choice for insulinoma. Eight patients with symptomatic insulinomas treated by radiofrequency ablation have been described since 2009. In the past two years, we treated two patients with symptomatic insulinomas (one in the pancreatic tail and the other in the pancreatic neck) successfully using laparoscopic radiofrequency ablation. Both patients achieved complete elimination without any significant complications. Our study suggests laparoscopic radiofrequency ablation could be developed as a safe and effective alternative treatment to surgery for the patients with insulinomas who refuse or are not eligible for surgery.
Milk Kinship and the Maternal Body in Shi’a Islam
Authors: Rahbari Ladan
Published: February 2020

In Islamic law, kinship is defined by consanguineal and affinal relationships. Birth and Islamic marriage are important events that define religious responsibilities of family members towards each other. Some responsibilities are connected to Mahramiyat, a framework of interpersonal relations that regulates marriages and interactions with the opposite sex. Besides consanguineal and affinal bonds, mahramiyat and kinship can also be established through breastfeeding. The relationship formed through breastfeeding is called milk mahramiyat/kinship. It is spoken of in the Quran and hadith and has been extensively discussed in Islamic Feqh. This study investigates Shi’i guidelines on milk kinship. My interest is in the exploration of existing gendered rulings on the conditions of milk mahramiyat/kinship in Shi’i jurisprudence. The analysis aims to bring forth discussions on the significance of breast milk and the maternal body, and to investigate how milk kinship is framed within the patrilineal system of kinship in Shi’a Islam. The findings discuss rulings on the role of milk-mother and -father in the way kinship takes effect. While patrilineal kinship is often defined based on a paternal ‘milk line’, the study suggests that alternative readings and interpretations of the Quran and hadith are available that centralize the mother and the maternal body.
Two basic analyses of the historiography of semiotics: M. Foucault’s comparative semiology and J.N. Deely’s semiotic realism
Authors: Švantner Martin
Published: February 2020

In this study I compare the work of two scholars who are important for contemporary research into the history of semiotics. The main goal of the study is to describe specific rhetorical/figurative forms and structures of persuasion between two epistemological positions that determine various possibilities in the historiography of semiotics. The main question is this: how do we understand two important metatheoretical forms of descriptions in the historiography of semiotics or the history of sign relations? The first perspective is semiology and its corollary, “structuralism,” as presented in Michel Foucault’sThe Order of Things. This perspective prefers to consider history as a set of ruptures (i). The second position explores the possibility of the historical development of semiotic consciousness as presented in the works of John N. Deely (ii). The main aim of this study lies in the exploration of these two different epistemological bases – divergent bases for developing specific understandings of interconnections that hold between between semiotics, semiosis and historical processes. A goal of this paper is to demonstrate the limits and advantages of these two paradigmatic positions. The positions in question are “meta-theoretical” in the following senses such that: (i) the historical episteme is taken to be ana priorideterminant of all sign-operations in a given era and is also the semiologic grid through which Foucault approaches every mode of scientific knowledge (from “science” to “economy” and beyond); (ii) the quasi-Hegelian development of semiotic consciousness based on a conception of the sign considered as a triadic ontological relation. The latter is Deely’s guiding meta-principle, through which the history of semiotics can be articulated, examined and evaluated.
Sensor system for long-term analysis of fuel vapour restraint systems
Authors: Schieferstein Eva , Meller Karl , Grän-Heedfeld Jürgen , Göbel Ulrich , Schmitz Ingo , Keller Jürgen , Seeger Thomas
Published: February 2020

Since 2011 gasoline is blended with bioethanol (5–10 Vol.-%) to comply with the biofuel quota required by law. To examine the influence of the bioethanol additive on the functionality of the fuel vapour restraint systems a suitable test facility is designed. This test facility enables automated long-term tests lasting several weeks. As a result, the adsorption behaviour of the activated carbon filters is examined by the used sensors for multiple ad- and desorption cycles even in case of multicomponent mixtures.
Building axiological affiliation in televised Chinese job interviews: Attitudinal evaluations and their communication
Authors: Zhao Wenchao
Published: February 2020

Research on spoken interactions has long shown interest in the communication of evaluations or assessments, but it remains limited in revealing the functions of evaluations charged with attitudinal values. Based on the appraisal framework developed in systemic functional linguistics, this article examines the attitudinal evaluations in eighteen job interviews from a live Chinese television program entitled ‘Only You’, exploring how they are communicated as attitude-ideation couplings to negotiate and construct axiological affiliation between interlocutors. The findings reveal that axiological affiliation in spoken interactions can be built via four strategies, including attitudinal enhancement that involves two layers of attitude-ideation coupling; attitudinal elaboration that may appear as specification of a target of evaluation or elaboration of an attitude; attitudinal extension that works with consistent attitudinal polarity and similar evaluative function; and attitudinal projection that is realized through the expression of attitudinal affinity or attitudinal agreement. This article seeks to extend the existing linguistic account of dialogic affiliation and spoken evaluations and shed light on the systemic functional notion of individuation by construing it as a social process in which social persons’ negotiation of communal identities is coupled with their enactment of different personae.
„Echte“ und „unechte“ Satzungsbestandteile – eine überflüssige Unterscheidung
Authors: Meier Patrick
Published: February 2020

Nach ganz h.A. kennt das deutsche Recht neben den sog. echten oder materiellen auch unechte oder formelle Satzungsbestandteile. Letztere sollen kein eigentlicher Teil der Grundverfassung einer juristischen Person sein und damit auch nicht deren spezifischen Grundregeln unterliegen. Die Unterscheidung ist allerdings unklar, weil sich keine gefestigte Definition und kein bestimmter Kanon von Regelungen, die der einen oder anderen Kategorie zuzuordnen sind, herausgebildet hat. Trotz der Abgrenzungsschwierigkeiten sind die praktischen Rechtsfolgen der Zuordnung zur einen oder anderen Seite erheblich, weil dies über das Änderungsverfahren, die Auslegung, die Fehlerfolgen und die Bindung neu eintretender Gesellschafter entscheidet. Der Beitrag untersucht die dogmatischen und methodischen Grundlagen dieses Instituts und wird zeigen, dass es keine Stütze im Gesetz findet. Weder kann die von der h. M. vorgenommene Unterscheidung dem Wortlaut des Gesetzes entnommen werden, noch ist eine Rechtsfortbildung hin zu einem solchen Inhalt methodisch tragfähig. Sie erzielt auch in praktischer Hinsicht keine zufriedenstellenden Ergebnisse. Die Rechtsfigur erweist sich damit als methodisch nicht begründbares und rechtspraktisch überflüssiges Gebilde, das aufgegeben werden sollte.
Two new phenolic glycosides from the leaves of Garcinia epunctata Stapf
Authors: Emade Kwene C. , Tih Anastasie E. , Abderamane Bintou , Ghogomu Rapheal T.
Published: February 2020

The leaves of Garcinia epunctata Stapf have furnished two new phenolic glucosides, epunctosides A and B, along with 13 known secondary metabolites identified as lanceoloside A, betulinic acid, lupeol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, stigmasterol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, quercitin-7-O-glucoside, amentoflavone, robustaflavone, 4′-O-methyl-amentoflavone and 4′-O-methyl-robustaflavone. All structures were established from chemical and spectroscopic evidence including 1D and 2D NMR data as well as by comparing the obtained spectroscopic data with literature. This is the first report of the presence of phenolic glucosides in the genus Garcinia.
Karate-Talk in a Canadian Dojo
Authors: Peters Michaela
Published: February 2020

Karate-do is one of many budo, or martial ways, that originated during the Kamakura Shogunate of Japan. The original dojos (training halls), used the Japanese language to indoctrinate karate students into the moral code of the dojo community. Over the last century karate has spread across the world, and other languages have been combined with Japanese to teach the art and sport. In this article, the discursive practice of combining English and Japanese in Canadian dojos is called Karate-Talk. Using identity frameworks from linguistic anthropology and sociolinguistics, I illustrate and interpret how Karate-Talk teaches students the moral and ethical codes that are embedded in karate training, and in doing so helps students develop their black belt identity. Dojos want their students to develop black belt identities because it helps to pass on the traditions of karate-do and contributes to the preservation and continuation of the art form. This article describes Karate-Talk in a socio-historic context, and establishes the ways it is used to create black belt identities in karate students through the use of a case study.
Island Empowerment as Global Endowment: Understanding Hawaiian Adaptive Cultural Resource Management
Authors: Cornwell Evelyn
Published: February 2020

Based on fieldwork and interviews with academics, activists, government officials, and indigenous alaka‘i (practitioners) involved in the revival of traditional fishponds and ahupua‘a (land-based management systems), I provide a case study of the politics of cultural resource management on two islands in Hawai’i. Analyzing the intersections of identity, community, education, and spirituality as they influence indigenous sciences of sustainable resource management, I underscore themes in cultural resource management, historically based restoration, Community Based Subsistence Fishing Areas (CBSFAs), and Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK), particularly focusing on the merits of combining these methods to create an adaptive resource management style. According to informants' understandings of place, culture, and politics in their own lives, the ideal model for a sustainable global future should be based on an indigenous place-based model of “adaptive” cultural resource management.
Development of a new Colombian product, effective for the treatment of carious lesions: a case study
Authors: Londoño-Lemos Milton Enrique , Bustamante Oscar
Published: February 2020

Purpose: We present a new Colombian product researched and developed by Seven Scientific Foundation, which has been very useful for the removal of the carious tissue in patients who have used this innovative product.Methods: We used a chemical-mechanical removal of dental caries. This product is made with 10% papain which is the active principle and works as a debriding agent, as well as being a bacteriostatic, bactericidal and anti-inflammatory agent; and also contain dragon’s blood (Croton lechleri) sap which is an effective as analgesic/anti-inflammatory and especially as a healing agent. In this article, we present a case study of a patient, whose dental carious tissue was removed, using the dental new product. Description of the case report: in this article, we present a case study of a patient, whose dental carious tissue has been removed, using the new dental product, therefore this innovative technique of removal of the atraumatic carious tissue. Conclusions: This method is useful as it is a minimally invasive technique, without requiring the use of local anesthesia, or the additional use of dental instruments. It is used in the Colombian population of all ages and does not generate side effects in people who have used it so far.
Комп’ютерний зір у вирішенні проблеми розпізнавання форми кубічного пельменя.
Authors: Голубков П. , Путников Д. , Егоров В.
Published: February 2020

В статті вирішується задача розпізнавання форми продукції випускаємої новим комплексом обладнання з виробництва пельменної продукції особливої, кубічної форми. Випуск продукції складної важкореалізовуваної форми використовується для збільшення економічної складової і виключення підробок. При виготовленні товарів виникає ряд труднощів, які необхідно подолати. Однією з них є облягання фаршу з мінусовою температурою в тісто яке має кімнатну температуру. Провівши ряд активних експериментів з замороженим фаршем і теплим тістом, отримавши і обробивши отримані результати, ми прийшли до висновку, що створюване обладнання повинно мати не тільки систему автоматичного керування, що включає в себе можливість керувати комплексом, а й містити алгоритми, які дадуть можливість розраховувати за математичними моделями необхідну для підтримання властивостей тісту температуру. А також включити в можливості комплексу комп'ютерну обробку отриманої продукції і використовуючи сучасні технології комунікацій, забезпечити передачу інформації, яка буде доступна для віддаленої роботи як самого комплексу, так і інформації про вироблену ним продукцію. Використовуючи нову, важкореалізовану форму і сучасні технології, створений комплекс в майбутньому дасть можливість не тільки виробляти нову продукцію з формою захищеної від підробки, а й скоротити витрати виробництва. Ефективність буде обумовлена ще й в тому, що на продукцію такої форми, може бути підвищена ціна з міркування змісту в собі кращих інгредієнтів і можливість використання більш компактною упаковки. Так як в пачках маючих в собі напівфабрикати кубічної форми фактично буде відсутній вільне місце на відміну від сучасних пачок з пельменній продукцією, що містить до 20% повітря. Це, так само дасть приріст ефективності при зберіганні і переміщенні продукції. Варто звернути увагу ще і на те, що дане обладнання зможе виробляти нові види продукції напівфабрикатів, що включають в себе не тільки використовуються в даний час поширені інгредієнти, такі як свинина і яловичина, а й м'ясо птиці, риби і містити безліч різних рецептів фаршу і тіста. Що в свою чергу розширить асортимент виробляємої продукції напівфабрикатів. Кінцевою стадією приготування пельменя є його перевірка та відбраківка. Якщо форма пельменя відповідає регламенту, його відправляють на подальшу заморозку, в протилежному випадку, його відправляються на переробку, при цьому вноситься коригування у систему керування температурою нагріву. Сучасні комп’ютерні методи дозволяють отримувати  ці дані з фото. Існує 3 методи обробки фото для виявлення необхідних властивостей: статичні методи, методи порівняння із зразком, нейронні мережі. У роботі розглядається розпізнавання пельменя з використанням бібліотеки відкритого доступу OpenCV, яка вже має безліч функцій розпізнавання та постійно дописується новими.
The vulnerability and jubilation of publication; a reflection on publishing with MedEdPublish
Authors: Davin Lorna
Published: February 2020

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Promoting your research findings to the broader academic and clinical community requires publication dependent on peer review.This opinion piece is a short reflection on the author's journey as she completes her PhD and traverses the fickle world of peer review and publication.Feeling deflated after a poor journal review, the author briefly explores the vulnerability of rejection, and the rewarding consequences of publishing on-line with MedEdPublish, as an open access journal, where post-publication reviews are transparent and there is an opportunity to engage in a shared dialogue with members of the community of practice.
Volunteering as a mechanism of social solidarity of society
Authors: Nevelichko Lyubov , Vorotilkina Irina
Published: February 2020

The current socio-demographic situation in Russia is characterized by an increase in the proportion of people who need social services, namely, older people and people with disabilities. As a rule, these groups of people are not only limited in material resources, but also often deprived of the possibility of implementing minimal social ties, communication, and cultural entertainment. The provision of social services is implemented at the local level, but the limited municipal budgets do not fully satisfy the needs of citizens, and payment for services for this category of needy is inaccessible. Social protection services within the framework of state policy provide various types of material services to low-income citizens, but they do not have such a socio-economic effect that would be fully able to solve the problems of this category of people, therefore the quality of life of the vulnerable groups of the population is characterized by extremely limited opportunities and a wide range of practically unsolvable needs. The purpose of the scientific article is to determine the urgent needs of those in need and identify the reserves of additional assistance for citizens in difficult life situations based on data from in-depth interviews. The questions of the insufficiency of the use of the state’s most powerful resource of volunteering when popularizing the activities of volunteers and creating appropriate conditions for it are raised. Discusses on the legitimacy of the identification of the concepts of “volunteering” and “volunteering”, which are traditionally considered identical in the works of domestic researchers, legal acts. It has been established that people with disabilities need communication, joint leisure activities, assistance in attending events and just mobility, computer literacy training. It is emphasized that the word “volunteer” is perceived by our compatriots as borrowed, not evoking emotionally colored associations, contrary to its national character, the word “volunteer”, on the contrary, is noted as one’s, native – a person of good will, kind, merciful. Summarized, the experience of the territories in which volunteering is developed shows that volunteers are united not only by the focus and nature of the activity, but also by the territory in which they interact, and this fact is a powerful factor in securing a person in the region, which is especially important for the regions of the Far East and especially the Jewish Autonomous Region.
Comparison of the properties of essential oils from commercial sources and edible dry mint
Authors: Yaşa Hasniye
Published: February 2020

Peppermint oil is isolated from the plant Mentha piperita L,
which is an aromatic perennial herbs belonging to the family of Lamiaceae found
all over the world. Peppermint oils of several mentha species can be used for
pharmaceutical and nutritional aspects, as natural additives in medicine,
drugs, foods, mouthwash, toothwash, chewing gum and confectionary because of
their antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, pesticidal, anti-inflammatory and
antimicrobial propertiesand pain decreasing and immunity increasing
activities.

In this study is to research the difference of the chemical
constitutients of essential oil from some commercial mint oils and edible dry
mint with Clevenger method. We have investigated the chemical composition of
the mint oil samples with GC/MS and optical rotations were determined to see
which chemicals might cause this difference.

We have found that the best essential oil with regard to menthol content
is the purchased Turkish mint oil sample. Chinese mint oil was the second.
Edible mint oil is rich in carvone.

The mint
essential oil of dry mint leaves obtained with Clevenger method has a high
carvone content, so it could be used in aromatherapy and alternative medicine
Synthesis of novel 8-formyl-7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin derivatives
Authors: ÇELİK ONAR Hülya , ERDOĞAN Didem
Published: February 2020

This study was initiated by 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin 1 synthesis according to the Peckmann reaction with resorcinol and ethylacetoacetate.  This compound was converted into 8-formyl-7-hydroxy -4-methylcoumarin 2 compound by the Duff reaction.  This aldehyde obtained was reacted with 6-amino-1,4-benzodioxane and 2-amino benzamide, which have their specific biological activities, to synthesize the original two novel compounds. While 3 (7-Hydroxy-4-methyl-8-[(2,3-dihidro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)iminomethyl]-2H-1-benzopiran-2-on) is obtained as a coumarin schiff base, ring closure was  observed at 4 (2-(2’-Hydoxy-5-methyl coumarin-1-yl)-2,3-dihidro quinazoline-4(1H)-on). Our compounds are thought to exhibit biological activity. Their structures were identified by IR, 1H NMR,  13C NMR , MS analysis.
Stability Switches of A Neural Field Model: An Algebraic Study On The Parameters
Authors: ÖZGÜR Berrak
Published: February 2020

In this
paper, a special case for a delayed neural field model is considered. After
constructing its characteristic equation a stability analysis is made. Using
Routh-Hurwitz criterion, some conditions for characteristic equation are given
for the stability of the system.
Influence of Top Layer Composition on the Photovoltaic Parameters of P3HT:PCBM Organic Solar Cells
Authors: KÖSE Muhammet Erkan
Published: February 2020

Spin and spray
deposition techniques have been used sequentially to examine the effect of the
composition of top blend layer on the photovoltaic properties of organic solar
cells using well-known poly(3-hexylthiophene):[6,6]-Phenyl C61 butyric acid
methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) blend. Devices were prepared by spraying an extra
layer of P3HT or PCBM (~15 nm) onto spin coated (1:1) blend film. P3HT-rich top
phase slightly perturbs photovoltaic activity whereas PCBM-rich top phase
drastically changes the power conversion efficiencies with a marked decrease in
fill factors. Carrier mobilities were only marginally affected by the presence
of spray coated top layers. However, series resistance of top phase P3HT-rich
blends remained the same with respect to spin coated sample whereas top phase
PCBM-rich blends exhibit relatively higher series resistances for both annealed
and non-annealed samples. Based on the presented results, one might speculate
that electron injection to cathode with P3HT is almost as efficient as with
PCBM for active layers utilizing P3HT:PCBM blend.
The Impact of Superconducting Cables in Power Transmission Systems- a Case Study in Turkey
Authors: TERZİOĞLU Rıfkı , GÜMÜŞ Talha Enes , YALÇIN Mehmet Ali , ÇAVUŞ Türker Fedai
Published: February 2020

Power systems encounter multiple problems during
planning, operating and analyzing processes. Superconducting technologies can
be the solution for some of these problems. In this study usage of
superconducting cables in the Turkey transmission system are simulated to see
the affects. One base and two different cases are discussed. Power flow
analysis and voltage stability analysis are done for the real Turkish 22 bus
system. The voltage stability is analyzed by using the loading factor. The
results show the decrease in losses and the increase of the system’s capacity.
The amount of CO2 emission is also presented. This study is a rough
analyze but a precursor for further studies which will also contain an
economical analyze considering the cooling costs and new topology of system.
Role of H2O2 on photosynthetic characteristics of soybean genotypes under low water input
Authors: SARUHAN GÜLER Neslihan , PEHLİVAN Necla
Published: February 2020

Soybean is subjected to abiotic stresses that immensely affect its productivity during its lifespan and threaten food security globally. Recent research recommends that chemical substances could be applied to plants as an alternative to traditional agriculture to better abide abiotic stresses. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a potential agent that can serve for this purpose. Up to today, responses of exogenous H2O2 on photosynthetic machinery in plants exposed to drought is poorly investigated. Therefore, the effects of exogenous low dose H2O2 on plant chlorophyll fluorescence in two soy bean genotypes (Glycine max L. Merrill), 537 (tolerant) and 520 (susceptible), under drought were evaluated. Drought which we had found significantly reduced water potential of leaves and photosynthetic pigment concentration in two genotypes, did not cause change in Fv/Fm and ΦPSII of tolerant genotype, contrarily subsided qP and ETR values. However, Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, qP and ETR failed in susceptible genotypes under drought. Increases in NPQ were determined under stress in both genotypes. Exogenous H2O2 mitigated the drought-induced impairment in photosystem II efficiency in both genotypes. This data indicates that low dose H2O2 further enhanced the tolerance to drought via regulation of the photochemical process in both genotypes.
Determination of Cytotoxic effect and Expression analyses of Apoptotic and Autophagic related genes in Thymoquinone-treated Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: TOKAY Esra
Published: February 2020

Thymoquinone
(Tq; 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-1,4 benzoquinone) is the main ingredient present in
the volatile oil of Nigella sativa
(black seed). Recently, it has been reported that, Tq was inhibited cell
proliferation of many cancer cell lines including ovarian, lung, breast, osteosarcoma,
pancreatic, fibrosarcoma, lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma and myeloblastic
leukemias. In this study, the anticancer effect
of Tq was investigated in human Colon Cancer Cells (HT-29) with MTT assay.
Positive control was achieved with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Also, the invasion
capability of HT-29 cellls was determined in presence of Tq and 5-FU with
scratch analyses. In addition, the autophagic and apoptotic effect of Tq were
investigated by qRT-PCR method to find out the pathway of anti-proliferative
effect in Tq-treated HT-29 cells. As a result, Tq was inhibited the cell
proliferation of HT-29 cells in time dependent manner, with 118  µM for 24 h and 84 µM for 48 h, respectively. A
concentration of 150 µM of Tq was able to significantly reduced the
invasiveness of HT-29 cells about  ̴8
fold compared with not treated cells at 6h. ATG-12, ATG-7 and LC3-II were
significantly downregulated in presence of Tq.  Conversaly, the expression of all of the
autophagy genes were downregulated in presence of 5-FU. Moreover, pro-apoptotic
gene Bax was significiantly upregulated nearly 15 fold whereas the expressions
of Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL (pro-survival genes) were decreased in presence of Tq. On
the other hand, in 5-FU treated HT-29 cells, the expression of  Bax, Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL genes and
autophagy related genes were significantly downregulated.
Effect of Modifier Agents on Particle Size and Surface Functional Groups of Calcined Eggshell: Test in Adsorption of Remazol Yellow
Authors: AKTİ Filiz
Published: February 2020

Calcined eggshell (CES) was modified with Pluronic 123 (P123), Pluronic 127 (F127) and polyethylene glycol
(PEG) agents and used in adsorption of Remazol Yellow. The adsorbents were
characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron
microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX). FTIR spectrums
showed that characteristic peaks corresponding to CES and modifier agents were
observed and CES was successfully modified. Modification of CES with PEG having
high chain length (or high molecular weight) was positively affected particle
size. From EDX analysis was determined the carbon
content increased from 21.44 % to 36.60 % whereas the calcium content decreased
from 21.23 % to 8.69 % with increasing of the molecular weight of modifier agents.
Removal percent of Remazol Yellow was found
as 91.79, 93.09 and 95.69 for CES-P123, CES-F127 and
CES-PEG, respectively. CES-PEG was adsorbed Remazol Yellow more than other adsorbents. Particle size and carbon
content of adsorbents was more effective in adsorption of Remazol Yellow.
Production and Characterization of Al-Doped ZnO Thin Films with Sol-Gel Magnetic Spin Coating Technique
Authors: GÖZÜKIZIL Mehmet Fatih , TEMEL Sinan , ÖZBAY Nurgül
Published: February 2020

The continuous
development of electronic device technologies allows more value-added products
to be processed. This increases the need for alternative and economical
semiconductor materials. It is possible to reduce the cost of semiconductor
technology and make it easily accessible with thin films. ZnO thin films have a
wide range of applications from sensors to optoelectronic devices, from biomedical
applications to wearable product technology. In this study, ZnO thin films were
developed by using Sol-Gel Spin Coating method which is simpler than other
methods and by using low cost Sol-Gel Magnetic Spin Coating method which will
be used for the first time in literature. Some physical properties of ZnO thin
films produced by doping 1%, 3% and 5% Al were examined using X-Ray Diffraction
(XRD) Device, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and UV-Vis
Spectrophotometer. When structural properties were examined, it was seen that
preferential orientation changed and grain size values increased as Al doping
amount increased. When the surface properties were examined, it was seen that a
homogeneous coating was formed on the litter with the technique used. In
addition, FESEM images prove that grain size values increase as the amount of
doping increases. It was determined that the band gap values of thin films
whose optical properties were examined decreased as the amount of doping
increased. As it can be understood from these results, this thin film
production technique, which is used for the first time in the literature, is
able to produce doped thin films more easily and economically.
Role of boron mineral size on thermal, microstructural and mechanical characteristic of IPP
Authors: SOYKAN Uğur
Published: February 2020

This study paves to way to investigate the fundamental
characteristics including the crystalline melting temperature, percent crystallinity,
crystal structure, unit cell parameters, crystal size, mechanical behaviour,
ultimate strength, Modulus and impact strength in the IPP based composites
formed by blending of IPP with the varying content levels (5, 10, 15, 20 and
30%) of ulexites having different particle sizes (45 and 75µm). The
characterizations of  the prepared IPP
based composites containing ulexite were performed by means of conventional
measurement methods such as Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), X-ray
diffractions and several mechanical tests. The obtained results depicted that
the content and particle size of boron mineral presenting in IPP based
composites had significant effects on the crucial properties of IPP. Namely,
the crystalline melting temperature of IPP increased initially (165.46°C to
168.54°C) when adding 5% of 45µm ulexite into IPP and then, dramatic decrease
was observed with the content increment. The addition of 75µm ulexite into to
IPP matrix led to consistent decreasing of crystalline melting temperatures of
IPP domains. Furthermore, a and b unit cell dimensions of monoclinic
structures initially showed the expansions, but then contracted consistently
with the increasing of ulexite content. The serious decrement in c unit cell
parameter was observed with the increasing of ulexite content for the both
particle sizes.Moreover, the remarkable reinforcements were achieved in the
ultimate strengths, Young's Modulus and impact strength of the IPP based
composites. The maximum improvements in mechanical properties were obtained
with the composites containing 5% of 45µm ulexite and mainly 15% of 75µm
ulexite. These developments presumably were caused from advance in the
alignments and orientations of the IPP chains in the matrix due to presence of
ulexite particles.
On the Analysis of Secrecy Outage Probability Using Average Channel Capacity
Authors: YILMAZ Ferkan
Published: February 2020

In this article, we analyze the outage probability of physically secure wireless signal transmission in fading envi-ronments where both primary and eavesdropper channels are subject to generalized fading. We propose a novel approach using the average channel capacity of the primary channel and that of the eavesdropper channel to the outage probability of physically secure wireless signaling.
Primer on the Forward-Looking Analysis of Risk Events (FLARE) Model: A Top-Down Stress Test Model
Authors: Seay Matthew P. , Vojtech Cindy M.
Published: February 2020

This technical note describes the Forward-Looking Analysis of Risk Events (FLARE) model, which is a top-down model that helps assess how well the banking system is positioned to weather exogenous macroeconomic shocks. FLARE estimates banking system capital under varying macroeconomic scenarios, time horizons, and other systemic shocks.
Crypto Currency as an Object and Instrument of Committing Crimes
Authors: Korennaya Anna , Tydykova Nadezhda
Published: February 2020

The article examines the legal status of cryptocurrencies in Russia. The authors study the civil and criminal law aspects of this phenomenon. The legislation does not define the legal status of cryptocurrencies, while the theory of law and court practice have not yet worked out a unified approach to it. The authors present an overview of the existing positions regarding this issue and suggest that cryptocurrency should be regarded as other property. It is stated that whatever position is incorporated into law, in real life cryptocurrency is in global circulation and has a great potential. As for criminal law, the authors show that it is relatively independent from civil law when dealing with issues within its object. It is suggested that, for the purposes of criminal law, the available instruments should be adjusted to enable a prompt reaction to the crimes committed at the present moment. The authors analyze the possibility of recognizing cryptocurrencies as an object and instrument of committing crimes within the framework of current legislation. Using the examples different crimes, the authors demonstrate that cryptocurrency could act as an instrument of committing them. It is also stated that cryptocurrency could be recognized as an object of some crimes. To support their position, the authors present such arguments as crimes of terrorism, illegal trade in drugs and psychoactive substances, economic crimes and some others. They also discuss cryptocurrency as an object of theft. It is proven that there is a practical necessity to recognize cryptocurrency as an object of theft. Criticism of this approach by some researchers is also discussed. The authors, however, show that it is possible to solve this problem positively. They conclude that current Russian and foreign legislation should be amended and should define the legal status of cryptocurrencies; however, the goal of criminal law could and should be achieved even before these amendments are adopted.
Experiences of psychosocial and programme-related barriers to recovery in lifestyle interventions for noncommunicable diseases
Authors: Skowno P
Published: February 2020

Background: The majority of global deaths are due to noncommunicable diseases, largely preventable and treatable utilising behavioural interventions.Objectives: The study investigated patients’ experiences of a lifestyle intervention programme for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), and the influence that psychosocial and programme-related barriers had on patients’ ability to improve their well-being.Methods: Fourteen patients with NCDs were interviewed before and on completion of a 12-week lifestyle intervention programme at a sports and exercise medicine clinic. Thematic analysis techniques were used to analyse interview data.Results: Patients described their experiences of NCDs diagnosis as traumatic, and their own relationship with their bodies and with the disorder(s) to be vulnerable and significantly challenging. Professional incompetence and unethical treatment were included as barriers to recovery. Barriers specifically relating to the programme included scheduling, as well as the online assessment component. Those reporting more premorbid psychosocial barriers were more likely to experience current complications, whether disease- or treatment-related, often emphasising the negative influence of programme and professional-related problems.Conclusion: Qualitative methodologies enabled the study to yield clinically relevant insights with respect to patients with NCDs. Accounting for the trauma and vulnerability experienced by this cohort may assist in the development of more patient-centred interventions and sustainable secondary prevention of NCDs.
The need for biokineticists in the South African public health care system
Authors: Evans R
Published: February 2020

Background: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are increasingly prevalent within South Africa. Physical inactivity is a significant, independent and modifiable risk factor increasing the prevalence of NCDs.Discussion: The integration of physical activity programmes into the primary health care system through multidisciplinary platforms is thus advocated for and envisioned to be more cost-effective than current practices. However, currently within the primary health care setting of South Africa, there is an absence of health care professionals adequately equipped to develop and implement physical activity programmes. Biokineticists, whose scope of practice is to improve physical functioning and health through exercise as a modality, are ideally suited to developing and implementing physical activity programmes in the public sector. Yet despite their evident demand, the role of the biokineticist is not incorporated into the national public health care system.Conclusion: This short report calls firstly, for the inclusion of biokinetics into the public health care sector, and secondly, for the funding of multidisciplinary community health programmes supporting education, healthy eating and physical activity levels.
The use of negative pressure wave treatment in athlete recovery
Authors: Jansen van Rensburg A , Janse van Rensburg D , Van Buuren H , Grant C , Fletcher L
Published: February 2020

Background: Athletes need to recover fully to maximise performance in competitive sport. Athletes who replenish more quickly and more efficiently are able to train harder and more intensely. Elite athletes subjectively report positive results using lower body negative pressure (LBNP) treatment as an alternate method for rapid recovery, restoring and improving their impaired physical state. Objective data on the efficacy are lacking.Objectives: To investigate the effect of intermittent vacuum therapy on accelerating acute recovery following an athlete’s normal daily training schedule of strenuous exercise. Objective measurements of biological markers of muscular fatigue were used to assess recovery.Methods: Twenty-two male cricket players in a randomised cross-over study were divided into a treatment and control group respectively. Following a one-hour high-intensity gym session, the treatment group received three 30-minute LBNP exposure sessions over three consecutive days (0, 24 and 48 hours). Blood lactate and creatine kinase biomarkers were collected to measure the recovery process. After 14 days groups were crossed over and the trial repeated.Results: Heart rate and blood pressure decreased noticeably during treatment, reverting to baseline levels after treatment. Lactate concentrations decreased in both groups after exercise termination; significantly more in the treatment (0.57±0.23 mmol/l) than control group (0.78±0.22 mmol/l), p<0.001). Creatine kinase (CK) was similar in both groups. Athletes’ subjective assessments of recovery rated moderately high.Conclusion: LBNP therapy applied as treatment during routine schedule may have a systemic effect in lowering serum lactate levels, but not CK levels. Enhanced recovery of athletes is still unconfirmed.
Targeting sedentary behaviour for behavioural change: Opportunities for new strategies
Authors: Gradidge P
Published: February 2020

Background: The South African online population is rapidly transforming into one which is always reachable. The economic benefits of this transition are vast; however, the impact on obesity and related diseases is potentially devastatingDiscussion: In this commentary it is proposed that public health strategies be revisited to align with the contemporary digital evolution, particularly as increased web-based applications suggest higher amounts of sitting times.Conclusion: It is necessary to gain a better understanding of the different domains of sedentary behaviour, and the manner in which they interact, to begin to develop strategies to reduce sitting time, and thereby reduce cardiovascular disease risk.
Ultrasound comparison of the effects of prehabilitation exercises and the scapular assistance test on the acromiohumeral distance
Authors: Gous M , Van Dyk B , Bruwer E
Published: February 2020

Background: Prolonged participation in overhead sports creates shoulder muscle imbalances which eventually alter the efficacy of the shoulder stabiliser muscles and heighten injury risk, such as subacromial impingement syndrome. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine if ultrasound is effective to measure the acromiohumeral distance (AHD) to compare the effect of the scapular assistance test (SAT) on the AHD with a prehabilitative exercise intervention programme in asymptomatic cricket players. Methods: Baseline testing on cricket players from the North- West University cricket squad (N=34) included AHD measurements performed by a sonographer at 0°, 30° and 60° humeral abduction angles respectively, with and without the SAT application. Players were then randomly assigned to an intervention and control group. The control group continued with their normal in-season programme, whereas the intervention group also performed shoulder stability exercises for six weeks. Results: The exercise intervention had a similar effect as the SAT on the AHD at 0o and 30o humeral abduction angles in the intervention group. The AHD measurements in the exercise intervention group indicated widening at all abduction angles after the six-week intervention period, whereas the AHD measurements in the control group were equal or smaller than baseline measurements without the SAT at 30o and 60o respectively. Conclusion: Exercise intervention has a similar effect on the AHD of asymptomatic cricket players compared to the SAT – especially in 0°and 30o of humeral abduction. Ultrasound can therefore be utilised to assist in identifying the risk of developing subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) in asymptomatic overhead athletes by measuring the AHD at different angles of humeral abduction, without and with the SAT application.
Acute unilateral foot drop as a result of direct blunt trauma to the peroneal nerve in a professional mixed marital arts bout: A case report
Authors: Sethi N
Published: February 2020

As a result of its superficial location, the peroneal nerve is prone to compression injuries. This is a case report of an acute unilateral foot drop which occurred during a professional mixed martial arts (MMA) contest, specifically as a result of direct blunt trauma to the left peroneal nerve, without an accompanying fracture of the fibula.
Efecto de la convergencia a normas internacionales de información financiera en empresas cotizantes de la bolsa de valores de Colombia
Authors: Ruiz Acosta Liliana Elizabeth , Camargo Mayorga David Andrés , Cardona García Octavio
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this document is to analyze the effect of adopting the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), which is a compulsorily requirement to be complied with as of 2015, for companies listed on the Colombian Stock Exchange (BVC by its acronym in Spanish). For the purposes of this study, two samples were used. The first one, with 52 Colombian companies whose financial indicators such as Return on Equity (ROE), Operating Profit Margin (OPM) and Return on Invested Capital (ROIC) were obtained from the accounting information, and where the mean difference was applied, (These companies corresponded to the year 2014 before and after the IFRS.) The second sample had 32 companies. Their level of leverage, ordinary income, operating income, and profit and loss for the year were analyzed to determine the effects of these variables on their market capitalization, using the difference in differences method, taking 2014 as the control year without IFRS and 2015 as the year of treatment with IFRS. The findings show, that in the 52 companies studied, adopting the standards did not signal changes in financial indicators before and after IFRS, as does the stock market value in the sample of 32 companies.
SOCIAL INQUIRY FIELD WORK BASED INSTRUCTION MODEL TO IMPROVE UNDERSTANDING ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY ACTIVITIES
Authors: Disman Disman , Kurniawati Susanti , Dirgantari Puspo Dewi
Published: February 2020

This research is motivated by economic learning conditions that have not involved the value of sustainability. Sustainability values need to be developed in economic learning because economic activities have a great opportunity to behave in an environmentally unfriendly manner that has a broad impact. The application of sustainable values to students is realized through meaningful learning, one of which is by applying the inquiry work field learning model that emphasizes direct experience through field research. Thus this study aims to design learning models with the ADDIE approach (analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation). To design the design of this learning model, a needs analysis was conducted and design was designed by conducting surveys, observations and literature studies on the learning model. The results of this study reveal the current conditions of economic learning, the results of the needs analysis for the preparation of learning models and the design of learning models. It is hoped that from this research, it can be an input for meaningful economic learning through direct experience that is able to foster environmentally friendly behavior in the long term.
Front Matter
Authors: Review The Jobs
Published: February 2020

Front Matter Vol 1 No 2 December 2018
Front Matter
Authors: Review The Jobs
Published: February 2020

Front Matter Vol 2 No 2 December 2019