bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGALAMAN ORANG TUA MERAWAT ANAK AUTISME USIA 15-17 TAHUN
Authors: Susanti Afriyet , Indiyah Sri
Published: January 2019

Parents’ experience in caring for children with autism is an amazingly hard and uneasybecause parents’ roles are very important in behavioural development of children with autism.Purposes: this research is to get the overview of parents’ experience in caring children withautism in the age of 15–17 at T. C. Clinic. Methods: This research used qualitative method withphenomenology approach. Data sources are collected by in-depth interview and being analysedwith Colaizzi and soft ware N-Vivo. Sampling method in this research is purposive samplingwith 6 interviewees. Results: This research found 8 themes; parents’ knowledge of autism,mom’s feeling, mom’s way to care children with autism, obstacles in caring, readiness to acceptchildren with autism, facing the puberty, autism education and expectation in caring forchildren with autism. Conclusion: Parents believe in different parenting to be implemented tochildren with autism. Parents should understand and adapt the parenting with thedevelopmental needs of children with autism so children will not have prolonged problems intheir behaviour.

 

Pengalaman orangtua dalam merawat anak autis sangatlah berat dan tidak mudah karena peranorang tua sangat penting dalam perkembangan tingkah laku anak dengan autisme. Tujuanpenelitian ini untuk mendapatkan pengalaman orangtua dalam merawat anak autis usia 15-17tahun di T.C. Klinik. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatanfenomenologi. Sumber data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara mendalam dan dianalisamenggunakan Colaizzi dan software N-Vivo. Metode sampling dalam penelitian ini adalahpurposing sampling dengan 6 narasumber. Hasil: penelitian ini menemukan 8 tema;pengetahuan orangtua tentang autisme, perasaan ibu, cara ibu merawat anak autis, halangandalam merawat, kesiapan untuk menerima anak autis, menghadapi pubertas, pendidikan autismedan ekspetasi dalam merawat anak autis. Kesimpulan: Orangtua percaya dengan pengasuhanyang berbeda-beda untuk diterapkan kepada anak autis. Orangtua harus memahami danmengadaptasi cara pengasuhan dengan perkembangan kebutuhan anak autis sehingga anak-anaktidak akan memiliki masalah dalam tingkah lakunya.
HUBUNGAN EFIKASI DIRI DENGAN KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISIS
Authors: Wakhid Abdul , Linda Wijayanti Estri , Liyanovitasari Liyanovitasari
Published: January 2019

Background: Self efficacy can optimize the quality of life of clients who undergo the healing process due to chronic diseases. Individuals with higher self-efficacy move their personal and social resources proactively to maintain and improve the quality and length of their lives so that they experience a better quality of life.

Objectives: the purpose of this study was to find the correlation between self efficacy and quality of life of patients with chronic kidney disease who undergo hemodialysis at RSUD Semarang Regency.

Metode: This type of research was descriptive correlation with cross sectional approach. The samples in this study more 76 people with total sampling technique. The data collection tool for self efficacy was measured by General Self-Efficacy scale, for quality of life with WHOQoL-BREF. Statistical test used Kolmogorov-smirnov.

Result: The result showed that self efficacy in patients with chronic kidney disease was mostly in moderate category (53,9%), quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease was mostly in good category (68,4%). There was a correlation between self efficacy and quality of life of patients with chronic kidney disease who undergo hemodialysis at RSUD Semarang Regency, the result obtained p-value of 0.000 <α (0,05).

Suggestion: Patients with chronic kidney disease can maintain good quality of life by helping to generate positive self-esteem and high self efficacy.
CYCLE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS IMPROVEMENT IN EXTRACTION LEVEL ON PRODUCTION PLAN UNDERGROUND GRASBERG BLOCK CAVE (GBC) AT PT.FREEPORT INDONESIA
Authors: Rumbewas Jeffryson Munsaki , Adhiutama Akbar
Published: January 2019

Abstract:. Development is a process of making aperture (tunnel) is done by dismantling (excavation) both manually and mechanically. The results to be obtained that is in the form of opening holes according to Grasberg Block Cave (GBC Mine) production plan based on the purpose of the open pit function. Propose is done to support other fix facility in order to support the Production Plan in 2018. Completion of a hole openings (Tunnel) with the rule that is a continuous stage (cycle development) that there must be a good control system of development process. Control that is done design engineering and its application in the field. The fact is that in 2015 - 2016, the target gain is not in line with expectations and causes the meter (d Equivalent meter) of operational development at the extraction level in the GBC Underground mine to decrease by 50 - 55% or about 641 meter up to 1000 meter difference of the second plan of the year.Identification of the current problem is the process of progress of opening aperture that has not reached the target because one of the process in the cycle development of Mucking and Hauling not achieved the target because of some basic things. The minimal information and low support of the reporting system caused some strategic decisions to be delayed and caused simultaneous cycles to experience significant constraints. A centralized and fast-accessible Information System from either input or share data by all stakeholders responsible for operational project development tunnel is very supportive. Good motivation greatly affects the performance of each stakeholder working on the project, so that the appropriate approach according to Human needs can be done in order to increase productivity.Project Management with CPM method as well as Human Resource Management (Motivation application of Abraham Maslow) becomes an option in humanizing according to the Root problem obtained by the Current Reality Tree method. The hope is that the development process runs quickly, safely and safely and operational with little operational expense and minimal repetitiveKeywords: cycle development, production plan, underground mine
2017 PROGRAMINA GÖRE DÜZENLENMİŞ İLKOKUL SOSYAL BİLGİLER DERS KİTABINDAKİ COĞRAFYA KONULARININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ÇELEN Sevdanur , FİDAN Sinem , HAYIR KANAT Meryem
Published: January 2019

Sosyal Bilgiler; bireyin değişen dünya ve
ülke koşullarına uygun bilgi, beceri ve tutum geliştirerek toplumsal varoluşunu
gerçekleştirilmesini amaçlayan çok disiplinli bir öğrenme alanıdır. Sosyal
bilimlerin birçok alanının birleşmesinden oluşan sosyal bilgiler dersi içerisinde coğrafya disiplini önemli bir yer
tutar. Sosyal Bilgiler dersi kapsamında coğrafya öğretimi öğrencilerin coğrafi
düşünme yeteneği kazanmasını, doğal ve beşeri çevrelerini tanımasını, çevreleri
ile sağlıklı ilişiler kurabilmelerini hedefler. Bu hedeflerin
öğrenciye aktarılmasında Sosyal Bilgiler ders kitaplarında ele alınan coğrafya
konularının düzeyi ve sunuluş biçimi, öğrencilerinin derse aktif katılımının
sağlanması açısından son derece önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, Sosyal Bilgiler 4.sınıf ders kitabındaki coğrafya konuları
ele alındı ve coğrafya konularının kazanımlarına uygunluğu noktasında yeterliliği değerlendirildi. Araştırma kapsamında nitel araştırma
yöntemi kullanılmış ve araştırma bulgularına doküman analizi yapılarak ulaşıldı.
Elde edilen bulgulara göre, hazırlanan yeni Sosyal
Bilgiler 4.sınıf Sosyal Bilgiler Ders
Kitabında coğrafya konuları kapsamında “İnsanlar, Yerler
ve Çevreler”, “Küresel Bağlantılar” ve “Kültür ve Miras” üç öğrenme alanı olarak tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak  4. sınıf Sosyal
Bilgiler ders kitabının görsellik ve etkinlik açısından bazı eksiklikleri  bulunsa da öğrencileri  coğrafya disiplini  ile tanıştırma noktasında başarılı olduğu
sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR ULAŞIM PLANLAMASI BAĞLAMINDA BİSİKLET YOLU GÜZERGÂHI BELİRLEME ÇALIŞMASI: KIRKLARELİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: KURU Azem , CENGİZ Hüseyin
Published: January 2019

Alanda artan nüfus kentlerin mekânsal
olarak genişlemesine ve dikeyde yükselmesine sebep olmuştur. Kısıtlı doğal
kaynakların sürdürülebilirliği, kentsel alanlarda yaşanabilirlik düzeyinin
arttırılması, kentsel sorunların ortaya çıkmadan önlenmesi ancak bu kentsel
gelişmenin yönlendirilmesiyle mümkün olabilecektir. Artan nüfusa bağlı olarak
artan insan, mal ve hizmet hareketliliği, paralelinde artan araç sahipliliği
kent içi ulaşımda çeşitli sorunlara neden olmuştur. Kent içinde yapılan
seyahatlerin ulaşım türlerine oransal dağılımı dünya akademik literatüründe
yaşanabilirlik kavramının ölçüm kıstasları içinde değerlendirilmektedir. Yaya
hareketinin ve bisiklet kullanımın yoğunluğu, bisikletin kent içi ulaşımda araç
olarak kullanım oranı kentsel erişilebilirliği ve hareketliliği arttıran,
çevreye duyarlı, sağlıklı ve sürdürülebilir ulaşım olarak tanımlanmaktadır.
Çalışmanın ilk bölümünde kentsel yaşanabilirlik ve sürdürülebilirlik kavramları
tanımlanmış ve sürdürülebilir ve yaşanabilir bir kent üretebilmek için ulaşım
politikalarının önemine değinilmiştir. İkinci aşamada ise örnek alan olarak
seçilen Kırklareli kentine ilişkin çeşitli analizler üretilmiştir. Çalışmanın
son aşamasında analizler sonucunda elde edilen bulgular yardımıyla bisiklet
yolu güzergâhı belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı orta ve küçük ölçekli
kentlerde yaşanabilir kentler kavramı çerçevesinde bisikletli ulaşım
planlamasının nasıl olması gerektiğini Kırklareli merkez ilçe örneğinde
irdeleyerek sonuçlar ortaya koymaktır.
SINIF ÖĞRETMENİ ADAYLARININ “DOĞAL AFET” KAVRAMINA İLİŞKİN GELİŞTİRDİKLERİ METAFORLARIN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: DEĞİRMENCİ Yavuz
Published: January 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının doğal afet
kavramına ilişkin algılarını metaforlar aracılığıyla incelemektir. Bu araştırma,
2017-2018 eğitim öğretim yılının bahar döneminde öğrenim gören, 78’i kız ve 43’ü
erkek olmak üzere toplam 121 sınıf öğretmeni adayı ile yürütülmüştür.
Çalışmada, doğal afet kavramının nasıl algılandığına dair derinlemesine
incelemeye imkân tanıyan ve nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan
fenomenoloji (olgubilim) deseni kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubunun incelenen
kavramla ilgili görüş ve düşünceleri “doğal afet…………e/a benzer/gibidir;
çünkü……….” şeklinde eksik bırakılmış bir cümlenin bulunduğu görüşme formuyla
toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde ise içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan
elde edilen bulgulara göre öğretmen adayları doğal afet kavramına yönelik toplam
56 geçerli metafor üretmişlerdir. Bu metaforlar ortak özelliklerine göre (n=9) farklı
kategori altında toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucuna göre doğal afet ile ilgili
metaforların daha çok “zarar verici ve yok edici olarak doğal afet” kategorisinde
yer aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca katılımcıların en çok tercih ettiği
metaforlar ise yıkım, kıyamet, felaket, ölüm ve insan metaforları olmuştur.
TÜRKİYE’DEKİ COĞRAFYACILARIN ULUSLARARASI YAYIN PERFORMANSI (1945-2015): SON 10 YILDA (2005-2015) NE DEĞİŞTİ?
Authors: YAVAN Nuri
Published: January 2019

Bu
çalışma son 70 yılda (1945-2015) Türk coğrafyacılarının uluslararası yayın
performansını analiz etmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, Türk coğrafyasının uluslararasılaşma düzeyini 7 farklı parametre
yoluyla ampirik olarak saptamak ve özelikle son 10 yılda (2005-2015) gelinen
noktayı kritik perspektiften değerlendirmektir. Bu çerçevede Web of Science
veri tabanı kullanılarak coğrafyacıların SCI-SSCI indekslerinde taranan
uluslararası dergilerde ve bu indekslere giren 46 fiziki ve 76 beşeri coğrafya
dergisinde yaptıkları yayınlar analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, Türk
coğrafyacılarının 70 yıllık dönemde indekse giren dergilerde toplam 318 makale
yayınladığını ancak bunun 274 tanesinin (%86) son 10 yılda basıldığını
göstermektedir. Coğrafyacıların son 10 yılda yayın sayısı büyük bir atılım (9
kat) göstermiş ancak yayınların kalitesi eskiye göre 3 kat düşmüş ve birçok
yayın hiç atıf almamıştır. Türkiye’deki coğrafyacıların sadece %20’si
indeksli dergilerde yayın yapmış, ancak bu yayınların çoğunu da disiplin
içindeki az sayıda aktör yapmıştır. Fiziki
coğrafyacılar uluslararası işbirlikleri sayesinde yurtdışı yayın sayısında
büyük bir artış sağlarken, beşeri coğrafyanın başarısının önemli bir kısmı
coğrafya eğitimi sayesinde olmuştur. Coğrafyacılar
yayınladıkları makalelerin %77’sini disiplinin kendi dergilerinde değil, alan
dışında yer alan, etki faktörü düşük kolay dergilerde yapmışlardır. Yayınların çoğu üç büyük metropoldeki köklü
bölümlerden ziyade Anadolu’daki yeni bölümlerden kaynaklanmaktadır. Artan
yurtdışı yayına rağmen, indeksli
coğrafya dergilerinde Türkiye’den yapılan yayınların fiziki coğrafya alanında sadece %16’sı,
beşeri coğrafya alanında da sadece %8’i Türkiye’deki coğrafyacılar tarafından
yapılırken, geri kalanı coğrafyacı olmayan Türkler tarafından yapılmıştır. Bu
durum en azından uluslararası
arenada Türkiye’yi halen, fiziki
coğrafyada jeologların, beşeri coğrafyada da şehir-bölge plancılarının
coğrafyacılardan daha fazla temsil ettiğini göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak
Türk coğrafyasının uluslararasılaşma düzeyi halen düşük olmakla beraber, son 10
yılda olumlu bir sürecin başladığını vurgulamak gerekir. Ancak bu olumlu sürecin
tam bir uluslararasılaşma değil, bazı yönlerden “çarpık bir uluslararasılaşma” olduğunu
da belirtmek gerekir.
MUŞ İL’İNDE YERLEŞME TİPLERİNİN COĞRAFİ DAĞILIŞI
Authors: DURMUŞ Esen , DÖLEK İskender
Published: January 2019

Yerleşmeler genel olarak nüfuslarına, kuruluş yerlerine, dokularına ve
hâkim ekonomik fonksiyonlarına göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Muş ilinde yerleşme tiplerinin coğrafi dağılışının
belirlenmesinin amaçlandığı bu çalışmada, aynı zamanda yerleşmelerin kuruluş
yeri seçimi, konumu, yükselti basamakları ve yürütülen ekonomik faaliyetlere
göre dağılışı üzerinde etkin olan coğrafi unsurlar da belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada,
yerleşme tiplerinin Muş ilindeki
dağılışına farklı bir açıdan bakılarak yükselti faktörü ön planda tutulmuştur.
Her bir yükselti basamağında yer alan yerleşme sayısı ve yerleşme tipi,
yükselti basamağının doğal koşulları göz önünde bulundurularak analiz edilmiştir.
Fiziki koşulların insan yaşamına ve faaliyetlerine sağladığı olanakların
arttığı kesimlerde hem yerleşme sayısında hem de nüfusta belirgin artışlar
gözlenmiştir. Muş ilinde farklı jeomorfolojik birimlerin bulunduğu
alanlarda kurulmuş olan yerleşmelerin, yükseltiye bağlı olarak sayı ve tiplerinin
yanında şekil ve dokuları da değişmektedir. Farklı morfolojik ünitelerde
kurulan yerleşmelerde ekonomik fonksiyonun türü ve nüfusun dağılışı da
değişmektedir. 1/25.000 ölçekli 87 adet topografya haritası taranarak yerleşme
tipleri işaretlenmiş, sayısal ortamda 250 m aralıklarla beş yükselti basamağı
belirlenmiş, dağ, ova, plato gibi ana yer şekilleri ayırt edilmiş ve yerleşme
tipleri ile olan ilişkileri belirlenmiştir.  Muş ilinde 2 şehir (Muş ve Bulanık), 21 kasaba
(Hasköy, Korkut, Malazgirt ve Varto ilçe merkezleri ile 17 belde) 367 köy, 279
mezra, 96 yayla, 23 kom ve 5 ağıl yerleşmesi beş farklı yükselti basamağında
bulunmaktadır. Muş’ta yerleşmelerin ve kırsal nüfusun en yoğunluk gösterdiği
yükselti basamağı 1551-1800 m’ler arasındaki basamaktır.
Tritonia nilsodhneri Marcus Ev., 1983 (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia, Tritoniidae)
Authors: Furfaro Giulia , Trainito Egidio , De Lorenzi Franco , Fantin Marco , Doneddu Mauro
Published: January 2019

The nudibranch Tritonia nilsodhneri, usually feeding on a variety of gorgoniacean species, is known from different localities of the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. Knowledge of the host preferences of the Mediterranean populations is still scarce. Few records of this nudibranch have been reported from the eastern Mediterranean basin. With this report, the occurrence of T. nilsodhneri within the Mediterranean basin is extended to the Adriatic Sea. Furthermore, the list of the host species associated to the Mediterranean populations for feeding habits is increased from two up to five. Mediterranean specimens of T. nilsodhneri were observed for the first time feeding and spawning on Leptogorgia sarmentosa, Eunicella cavolini and E. labiata. Finally, these last two Gorgoniidae species are also reported here as a new host species for T. nilsodhneri.
Pemerataan Tenaga Kesehatan di Kabupaten Lamongan
Authors: Hidayanti Henny
Published: January 2019

Indonesia masih menghadapi masalah tenaga kesehatan, baik jumlah, jenis, kualitas maupun distribusinya. Untuk mencapai Universal Health Coverage (UHC), SDM kesehatan mutlak diperlukan. Menurut WHO, Indonesia termasuk dalam 57 negara yang menghadapi krisis tenaga kesehatan. Padahal 80% keberhasilan pembangunan kesehatan ditentukan SDM kesehatan. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan lokus penelitian di Kabupaten Lamongan. Pemilihan informan antara lain pemangku kebijakan pada Dinas Kesehatan atau pemegang program bidang sumber daya manusia (SDM) kesehatan, Badan Kepegawaian Daerah bidang sumber daya manusia (SDM) pemerintah di Kabupaten Lamongan dan beberapa tenaga kesehatan yang bekerja di pelayanan kesehatan (puskesmas dan rumah sakit pemerintah). Dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jumlah dan jenis tenaga kesehatan di Kabupaten Lamongan sudah baik, namun belum disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan berdasarkan kompetensi dan beban kerja. Tenaga kesehatan masih berkelompok atau tidak merata pada masing-masing unit pekerjaan di pelayanan kesehatan Kabupaten Lamongan. Maka diperlukan suatu kebijakan pemerintah daerah tentang perencanaan pengadaan tenaga kesehatan yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan dan beban kerja, dengan lebih mengutamakan tenaga kesehatan yang berdomisili mendekati unit pelayanan kesehatan, pemberian insentif yang lebih besar sesuai dengan beban kerja.
Xây dựng kho ngữ liệu du lịch song ngữ Việt–Anh gióng hàng mức câu cho dịch máy
Authors: Hà Nguyễn Tiến , Huyền Nguyễn Thị Minh , Hải Nguyễn Minh
Published: January 2019

Kho ngữ liệu song ngữ được gióng hàng mức câu là một dạng tài nguyên ngôn ngữ quan trọng được sử dụng trong nhiều ứng dụng của xử lý ngôn ngữ tự nhiên, như: nghiên cứu ngôn ngữ học so sánh, tìm kiếm thông tin xuyên ngữ, xây dựng từ điển song ngữ. Đặc biệt trong lĩnh vực dịch máy, chất lượng và độ lớn của kho ngữ liệu song ngữ có vai trò quyết định đến chất lượng dịch. Các hệ thống dịch máy hiện nay vẫn cần được cải tiến để xử lý nhiều hiện tượng ngôn ngữ. Các hệ thống dịch máy huấn luyện trên miền tổng quát thường có chất lượng kém khi ứng dụng vào văn bản trên miền hạn chế. Một giải pháp cho vấn đề này là kết hợp mô hình dịch trên miền tổng quát và miền hạn chế. Để làm được điều đó, việc xây dựng được kho ngữ liệu trên miền hạn chế là rất cần thiết. Bài báo này trình bày việc xây dựng một kho ngữ liệu song ngữ Việt–Anh trong lĩnh vực du lịch và cải thiện một công cụ gióng hàng ở mức câu đã có cho văn bản song ngữ Việt–Anh, đạt được độ chính xác trên 90% cho các tập dữ liệu của chúng tôi. Với sự trợ giúp của công cụ này, chúng tôi đã xây dựng được kho ngữ liệu song ngữ Việt–Anh miền du lịch có gióng hàng mức câu, cho phép huấn luyện mô hình dịch máy Việt–Anh tăng được khoảng 8; 79 điểm BLEU so với các mô hình được huấn luyện trên miền tổng quát. DOI: 10.32913/rd-ict.vol1.no39.550
Dự đoán xu thế chỉ số chứng khoán Việt Nam sử dụng phân tích hồi quy quá trình Gauss và mô hình tự hồi quy trung bình động
Authors: Thắng Huỳnh Quyết , Vũ Phùng Đình , Vinh Tống Văn
Published: January 2019

Trong bài báo, chúng tôi trình bày phương pháp dự đoán xu thế chỉ số chứng khoán Việt Nam (VN-Index) gồm bốn bước, trong đó dữ liệu đầu vào là chuỗi thời gian chứa lịch sử chỉ số giá của VN-Index. Các tác giả thực hiện phân tách dữ liệu đầu vào thành các chuỗi thời gian thành phần bao gồm: xu thế, thời vụ và ngẫu nhiên. Chúng tôi áp dụng mô hình tự hồi quy trung bình động (ARMA: Autoregressive moving average) để dự đoán thành phần thời gian ngẫu nhiên ở một bước kế tiếp, phân tích hồi quy quá trình Gauss (GPR: Gaussian process regression) để dự đoán thành phần thời gian xu thế. Cuối cùng, kết quả dự đoán các thành phần riêng lẻ được tổng hợp lại để đưa ra kết quả dự đoán cuối cùng cho phương pháp kết hợp GPR-ARMA. Trong bài báo cũng trình bày các kết quả cài đặt thử nghiệm và phân tích hiệu quả của phương pháp được đề xuất. DOI: 10.32913/rd-ict.vol1.no39.571
Đánh giá phẩm chất mạng chuyển tiếp song công hai chiều trên cùng băng tần dưới tác động của phần cứng không lý tưởng
Authors: Cao Nguyễn Bá , Nam Trần Xuân
Published: January 2019

Bài báo này phân tích phẩm chất mạng chuyển tiếp song công hai chiều trên cùng băng tần với phần cứng không lý tưởng, trong đó nút chuyển tiếp sử dụng giao thức khuếch đại-và-chuyển tiếp. Xác suất dừng, xác suất lỗi ký hiệu được tìm ra để đánh giá phẩm chất hệ thống. Trên cơ sở đó, để nâng cao phẩm chất hệ thống, chúng tôi tìm ra biểu thức phân bổ công suất tối ưu cho hai nút đầu cuối và nút chuyển tiếp. Kết quả phân tích đã làm rõ mức độ ảnh hưởng của lỗi phần cứng và nhiễu tự giao thoa đến phẩm chất hệ thống khi so sánh với hệ thống lý tưởng và hệ thống bán song công truyền thống. Bên cạnh đó, mô phỏng Monte Carlo được thực hiện để minh chứng cho sự đúng đắn của kết quả phân tích. DOI: 10.32913/rd-ict.vol1.no39.728
The Implementation of Green Accounting Based on University Social Responsibility (USR) in Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo
Authors: EBGC Santi Rahma Dewi , EBGC Eny Maryanti
Published: January 2019

This study aims to determine the application of green accounting based onuniversity social responsibility (USR) at Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo.The population in this study were officials at Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo. Data collection techniques in this study are documentation and questionnaires. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling. The design of this research is descriptive research. In the questionnaire presents elements of the statement about 1) environmental awareness on the implementation of green accounting based on university social responsibility in UMSIDA. 2) environmental involvement on green accounting implementation based on university social responsibility in UMSIDA 3) environmental report on green accounting implementation based on university social responsibility in UMSIDA 4) environmental audit on green accounting implementation based on university social responsibility in UMSIDA. The result of the research by collecting questionnaires and processing it with SPSS 18.0 got the conclusion that the environmental awareness is high enough indicated by the percentage. Medium environmental involvement because UMSIDA has not implemented green accounting in the policy. With no policy so that the results of the questionnaire for the report is low and environmental audits also do not exist. It is expected that UMSIDA can apply Green Accounting to increase efficiency and operational effectiveness.
Earning Management Analysis before and after Implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS): Empirical Study of Automotive and Components Companies Registered on the IDX
Authors: Utama I Wayan Wisnu , Purwanti Anis
Published: January 2019

The issue of the application of IFRS as a standard can encourage a decrease in the level of earnings management in a company so that the application of IFRS in financial statements has the purpose of providing reports that are faithful in nature so that the report users are reliable. The purpose of this study is to show a comparison of earnings management practices that occurred before and after the implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in Automotive and Component companies registered in the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period of 2009-2014. The data used in this study are secondary data in the form of the company’s financial statements. The variables in this study are earnings management before and after IFRS implementation. The sampling method in this study was purposive sampling with a sample of 12 automotive and component companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Discretionary accruals of Modified Jones Model is used to measure the earnings management. The analytical method used for hypothesis testing is Paired Sample T-test, a different test for two paired samples. The results of this study indicate that earnings management in the period after IFRS convergence was different than earnings management in the period before IFRS convergence in Automotive and Component companies. However, IFRS convergence has not guaranteed a decline in earnings management practices in Automotive and Component companies.

 Keywords: Earnings Management, International Financial Reporting Standard, Discretionary Accrual
SPECIAL ECONOMIC AREA (SEZ) AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INDONESIA AND CHINA
Authors: Darmastuti Shanti
Published: January 2019

Special Economic Zone (SEZ) has been one of the main drivers of economic development in many developing countries. One of the success stories of these SEZs is China. The giant country began its SEZs at the beginning of the 1980s and in several years, these SEZs have branched out elsewhere in the country. The ability of these SEZs to attract investors and spur economic growth in neighboring regions leading eventually to overall China’s economic success cannot be separated from the strong commitment of the Chinese government to developing these zones. However, commitment turns out not to be the only factor for the success of SEZ program. The ability to devise strategic plan considering all factors including the socio-cultural and geo-strategic variables is also the key to the success. What China has done to develop its SEZs can be an invaluable lesson for Indonesia who aspires to develop its own SEZs in order to spur regional growth.
INCREASING ECONOMY OF SMALL BUSINESS THROUGH INNOVATIVE AND CREATIVE PRODUCTS
Authors: Kusumawardhani Nuruni Ika , Sishadiyati Sishadiyati
Published: January 2019

The city of Surabaya has a huge regional potential in improving regional economies. Gunung Anyar Tambak area is one of the areas that has enormous natural potential that can be developed as a product that has a selling value that can increase the income of the surrounding community. This study aims to provide an overview of the potential of MSMEs in the city of Surabaya. The method used in this study uses descriptive descriptive method by using SWOT analysis to side with the weaknesses, threats, opportunities and challenges that exist in the processing of natural resources to increase income. With the large number of Payus and Mangrove Fish (Bogem) which are widely available in Gunung Anyar Tambak region, it is expected that the research carried out in the processing of Creative and Innovative products can increase the income of small business actors by looking at or improving market areas, market strategies, packaging forms and opportunities. existing business.
Analisis 19 Mitra Dagang Perdagangan Manufaktur di Indonesia: Aplikasi Model Gravitasi
Authors: Rizal Ragil Khoiru
Published: January 2019

Fokus dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan pengujian teoti Linder pada perdagangan manufaktur dan menganalisis adanya pengaruh secara parsial maupun simultan pada variabel-variabel bebas terhadap eksor dan impor manufaktur di Indonesia dengan menggunakan 19 mitra dagang pada periode 2008-2016 dengan menggunakan model gravitasi. Tulisan ini menggunakan data panel dengan menggunakan teknik estimasi Pooled Least Square (PLS) untuk mendapatkan persamaan model ekspor dan Random Effect Model (REM) untuk persamaan impor. Hasil dari makalah ini bahwa ekspor Indonesia tidak terbukti danya efek Linder, hal ini membuktkan bahwa ekspor Indonesia tidak disebabkan adanya kesamaan selera melainan faktor harga. Sedangkan untuk impor terbukti adanya efek Linder, hal ini berarti permintaan barang Impor Indoesia berasal dari negara0negara yang memilkiki kesamaan selera dengan Indonesia. Pada variabel-variabel bebas dalam model persamaan ekspor danimpor memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap ekpor maupun impor Indonesia kecuali variabel nilai tukar riil pada persamaan impor.
Kompensasi, Iklim Organisasi, Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. PEB
Authors: Ratnasari Sri Langgeng , Sutjahjo Gandhi
Published: January 2019

This reserach aims to effect of compensation, organizational climate, job satisfaction on employee performance of PT. PEB. This research uses 85 employees of PT. PEB as the study sample. The data analyzed using “Path Analysis” path by using statistical software SPSS 16.0. The research results are: Compensation direct and significant effect on job satisfaction with path coefficient of 0.387, and significant at the 0.000 Sig probability, ≤ α = 0.05, Organizational climate has direct and significant effect on job satisfaction with the value of the path coefficient amounted to 0.512, and significant at the 0.000 probability Sig, ≤ α = 0.05, job satisfaction is directly and significantly impact on performance with the path coefficient of 0.648, and significant at the 0.000 Sig probability, ≤ α = 0.05, the compensation effect indirectly to job performance through job satisfaction and the indirect effect coefficient> direct influence (p31 x p43> p41) ie 0.329> 0.078, organizational climate indirectly influence on employee performance through job satisfaction and indirectly influence coefficient> influence directly (p32 x p43> p42) ie 0.332> 0.179.
Asimetri Informasi Dan Manajemen Laba Dengan Mekanisme Corporate Governance Sebagai Pemoderasi (Studi Pada Bank Go Publik Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia)
Authors: Laela Ermaya Husnah Nur , Astuti Miguna
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan unttuk menganalisis pengaruh asimetri informasi terhadap manajemen laba dengan dimoderasi oleh mekanisme corporate governance. Sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 20 perusahaan perbankan go public yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama periode 2012–2016. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Analisis ini mengunakan regresi linear berganda yang sebelumnya dilakukan pengujian asumsi klasik. Hasil analisis regresi linear berganda ini menunjukkan bahwa asimetri informasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap manajemen laba. Komposisi dewan komisaris dan ukuran dewan komisaris tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap manajemen laba dan ukuran komite audit berpengaruh signifikan terhadap manajemen laba.
FRAUD TRIANGLE PADA PERILAKU KECURANGAN AKADEMIK (Studi Pada SMK Negeri 10 Surabaya)
Authors: Ariani Ririt , Pusporini Arin Yuni , Priono Hero
Published: January 2019

This study aims to determine the factors that influence academic fraud behavior of students of SMK Negeri 10 Surabaya. The population in this study is all students of class XI Accounting at SMK Negeri 10 Surabaya academic year 2016-2017 which amounted to 116. Determination of samples using Slovin technique obtained sample size as much as 90. Data analysis used is path analysis withSPSS 23. The results of this study indicated that pressure does not affect academic fraud behavior. Opportunity and rationalization have a positive effect on the academic fraud behaviors of the students of SMK Negeri 10 Surabaya.
EVIDENCE ON PROSTHETIC FEET WITH ACTIVE DORSIFLEXION FEATURE, PASSIVE MICROPROCESSOR CONTROL AND ACTIVE ANKLE POWER GENERATION: A MINI LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Kannenberg Andreas
Published: January 2019

This paper reviewed 11 publications on non-MP controlled ankles with active dorsiflexion feature, 15 publications on passive MP controlled ankles, and 12 publications on powered MP controlled ankle-foot mechanisms. Methodological quality of publications was low to moderate. The evidence found was mostly biomechanical and generated in gait lab studies. Non-MP ankles may increase toe clearance and reduce braking forces during level walking, thus supporting propulsion with increase in walking speed. Passive MP controlled ankles may also increase toe clearance and reduce the likelihood of stumbling over an unseen obstacle. They may reduce energy expenditure during level walking and facilitate slope and stair ambulation. Non-MP and passive MP controlled ankles have been also been shown to reduce residual limb-socket interface pressures. Powered ankles may increase walking speed to the level of and decrease energy expenditure to be no longer significantly different from that of able-bodied individuals. Also, at higher walking speeds the sound knee loading may be reduced by up to 15-20%. However, it remains unclear to what extent the gait lab results for all advanced ankle-foot mechanisms can be transferred to real-life benefits in the free-living environment.

Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/30450/23055

How to cite: Kannenberg A. Evidence On Prosthetic Feet With Active Dorsiflexion Feature, Passive Microprocessor Control And Active Ankle Power Generation: A Mini Literature Review. Canadian Prosthetics & Orthotics Journal, Volume 1, Issue 1, No 6, 2018, DOI: https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v1i1.30450
Manajemen Pakan Ternak Sapi Potong di Peternakan Rakyat di Desa Sejaro Sakti Kecamatan Indralaya Kabupaten Ogan Ilir
Authors: Sandi S , Desiarni M , - Asmak
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui manajemen pakan ternak sapi potong di peternakan rakyat di Desa Sejaro Sakti Kecamatan Indralaya Kabupaten Ogan Ilir. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei yang terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh langsung di lapangan melalui wawancara dengan setiap peternak sapi potong, sedangkan data sekunder didapat dari instansi-instansi yang terkait. Data yang diperoleh kemudian diolah dan disajikan dalam bentuk deskripsi dan gambar. Hasil yang didapat selama pelaksanaan yaitu jenis ternak sapi yang dipelihara di desa ini adalah sapi Bali dan sapi Peranakan Ongole. Manajemen pakan yang diterapkan peternak masih belum tepat, di mana ternak hanya digembalakan untuk mencari makan sendiri pada siang hari, jumlah pakan yang diberikan belum memenuhi kebutuhan, ternak tidak diberi pakan berupa konsentrat, serta frekuensi dan cara pemberian pakan yang belum tepat. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah peternak rakyat di Desa Sejaro Sakti belum menerapkan manajemen pakan yang baik terhadap ternak sapi potong.Kata kunci: Desa Sejaro Sakti, Indralaya, Kabupaten Ogan Ilir, manajemen pakan, Sapi Potong ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the management of beef cattle feed on people's farms in Sejaro Sakti Village, Indralaya District, Ogan Ilir. The method used in this study is a survey method consisting of primary data and secondary data. Primary data was obtained directly in the field through interviews with each beef cattle breeder, while secondary data is obtained from relevant agencies. The data obtained is then processed and presented in the form of descriptions and figure. The results obtained during the implementation of the type of cattle kept in this village are Bali cattle and Ongole Breeds cattle. Feed management applied by farmers was not the intensif system, where livestock was only grazed to feed themselves during the day, not given concentrated feed, as well as the frequency and method of feeding are not appropriate. The conclusion of this study is that community farmers in Sejaro Sakti Village have not applied good feed management to beef cattle.Key words: Sejaro Sakti Village, Indralaya, Ogan Ilir, Feed Management, Beef Cattle
The Effectiveness of Castration And Seed Sources on the Growth and Production of Strawberry Plants (Fragaria x ananassa var duchesne)
Authors: Hasibuan Susilawati , Hasibuan Syahbudin , Panggabean Ellen L.
Published: January 2019

Research on The Effectivity Of Castration And Seed Sources To The Growth And Production Of Strawberry Crops (Fragaria x ananassa var duchesne). Objectives to determine the effect of castration and seed sources in encouraging the growth and production of strawberry plants (Fragaria x ananassa var duchesne). The research was conducted at Fruit Plant Experiment Center of Berastagi Fruit Experiment Garden, Medan Berastagi road 60 kilometer, Karo district with ± 1200 meters above sea level. The study was conducted from May 2014 until August 2014, using Factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK), with four replications, 6 combinations to obtain 24 plant plots from all combinations and replications. The first factor to be tested was castration ie K0 = without castration, K1 = using castration. The second factor that tested is Source of seed of strawberry plant that is S1 = source of seed from seedling, S2 = source of seed from Sulur in book 1, S3 = source of seed from Sulur in book 2. The results showed that the castration was very significant in the observation of fruit weight of cultivation with 13.11 gram (K1S1) weight and no significant effect on production per plot, but the average yield of fruit weight per plot showed a high yield of 176.13 grams (K1S1). In general, this study showed castration treatment had an effect in increasing strawberry fruit weight to all sources of seeds
Análisis de la producción y la comercialización del banano como aspecto socio económico.
Authors: Velasteguí López Efraín , Herrera Vargas Erik
Published: January 2019

Los bananos y plátanos son cultivados perennes que crecen con rapidez y pueden cosecharse durante todo el año en el año 2000 se cultivó una superficie de alrededor de 9 millones de hectáreas. El promedio de la producción mundial en 1998-2000 fue de 92 millones de toneladas anuales y en 2001 se estimó en 99 millones de toneladas. Estas cifras son una aproximación, ya que la mayor parte de la producción mundial de banano, casi el 85 por ciento, procede de parcelas relativamente pequeñas y huertos familiares en donde no hay estadísticas. Ecuador es un país privilegiado y reconocido internacionalmente como el primer exportador bananero en el mundo, destacándose por la calidad de su fruta. Corporación Palmar ocupa un lugar muy importante en el desarrollo económico del Ecuador, dados los altos volúmenes de exportación bananera que realiza a mercados cuyos estándares de calidad son sumamente exigentes.

Tan solo durante la primera temporada de operaciones se exportaron 1979.889 cajas de banano tipo XU, y desde entonces las cifras han ido aumentando vertiginosamente, manteniendo la alta calidad como constante en cada entrega. Palmar desde el inicio de sus actividades a mantenido un promedio de cajas de exportación con un volumen de 17 millones de cajas de banano tipo XU aproximadamente por año hasta la actualidad, estas cifras prueban que Palmar tiene un lugar de gran importante entre las productoras y exportadores bananeras ecuatorianas, y la han llevado a convertirse en una de las primeras Exportadoras de Banano del país.
El impacto socioeconómico de la producción del maracuyá.
Authors: Velasteguí López Efraín , Guamán Rodríguez Mónica
Published: January 2019

Es una planta que inicia su fructificación después la plantación. El periodo de vida es de 3 a 5 años esto puede variar. La productividad puede llegar a 70 Kg. de plantas siempre y cuando el cultivo de manera silvestre y manejo adecuado del suelo. El llega al estado de madurez cuando se desprende del fruto y cae al suelo es por eso que se recomiendo recolectar después de 34 días aproximadamente.

Es de suma importancia de contar con suelos profundos, bien drenados, de textura franca, con buena capacidad para poder retener la humedad. Crece mejor en climas cálidos y templados, aunque retrasen el inicio de producción.

La pasiflora es una planta que sé que cultiva en suelos profundos es por eso que los usos de semillas deben ser cuidadosamente seleccionadas para su alta productividad, como es en el caso del maracuyá amarillo. Generalmente estas semillas se germinan en bolsas plásticas y luego son llevadas al campo cuando tenga una medida aproximada de 25 cm.

Su plantación debe estar distanciada entre filas y entre plantas, se calcula que por lo menos en una hectárea puede llegar a tener 1,000 plantas. Esta plantación se manejará con tutores y espaldera simple con dos filas de alambre, utilizando para ello alambres, postes para el soporte y tutores para guiar los brotes.

La fructificación o cosecha se empieza a partir de 7 a 10 meses después de su plantación y el fruto llega a su madurez cuando se desprende de la planta y cae al suelo.
Marketing digital como una estrategia y publicidad para promover la agricultura y ganadería en la parroquia Moraspungo del Cantón Pangua.
Authors: Velasteguí López Efraín , Zambrano Guerrero Natali
Published: January 2019

El presente ensayo tiene como finalidad conocer las actividades agropecuarias en una de las fuentes de desarrollo del país, las estrategias de marketing son los surcos donde sembrar un plan de acciones para alcanzar visibilidad y tráfico en internet. Con mayor trascendencia en economías donde importantes porcentajes de la población se vinculan a esta, pues se cuenta actualmente con los medios para diseñar y evaluar estrategias que lleven a la implementación de mecanismos de apoyo al sector agropecuario.

La importancia del marketing, sobre todo lo primero es saber que existen una serie de procesos organizados, en pro de un objetivo y para cubrir una necesidad es marketing.  Y por ello, sin vinculación ninguna a una empresa.

Las estrategias consisten en un conjunto de acciones que se llevan adelante para alcanzar determinados objetivos y metas relacionadas al sector agropecuario, el cual se ha transformado en una prioridad para todas aquellas pequeñas, medianas y grandes empresas que quieran ser competitivas en el mercado.

Tener una buena estrategia de marketing digital en redes sociales es un objetivo fundamental, las mismas que se han descubierto en los ecosistemas social media el cual se han transformado en una ventana que posibilita a los usuarios seguir de  cerca a celebridades y expertos.

Al igual que la agricultura y ganadería son actividades económicas de origen antiguo que día a día se viene desarrollando en la crianza de animales y siembra de plantas silvestres, medicinales y hortalizas entre otras para su aprovechamiento. En la actividad agropecuaria de la crianza de animales consiste en la obtención de varios productos leche, carne, huevos, pieles entre otros
Sistema de gestión de calidad y su impacto en la productividad del sector textil.
Authors: Eufemia Alejandrina. Ramos Viteri , Velastegui López Luis Efrain , Carrasco Ruano Tatiana , Cepeda Cahuatijo Evelyn Lizeth
Published: January 2019

El sistema de gestión de calidad beneficia a toda la organización porque influye directamente en la reducción de costos operativos e interviene de manera sinérgica en lineamientos para dirigir y controlar los objetivos de la cultura en calidad que vinculada con la productividad ofrece mayores oportunidades al sector textil.

La productividad inicia con eficiencia y ésta busca mayor rendimiento con mínimo de recursos. En la productividad también está la efectividad cuyo propósito es conseguir los objetivos propuestos. La eficiencia y la efectividad dan como resultado la eficacia que es la base de la productividad.

Utilizamos la encuesta como instrumento de la investigación descriptiva y aplicamos la fórmula matemática de la productividad: el sistema productivo sobre la cantidad de recursos utilizados se concluye  que las empresas textiles con certificación ISO 9001  tienen un índice de 1,44 en  y  productividad y las   que no poseen  el resultado es de 1,20. La productividad total de la industria manufacturera ecuatoriana que consta en el CIIU3, numeral 17 del Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censo proporciona el índice estándar de 2,0 dólares por unidad de insumo; por tanto, se requiere socializar la certificación internacional para que el sector textil incremente el índice de productividad.
Diagnosis del proceso de la administración de riesgos de la naturaleza en empresas de Latinoamérica, Tungurahua – Ecuador.
Authors: Salazar López Luis Ángel , Velasteguí López Efraín , Tatiana Carrasco Ruano
Published: January 2019

Las organizaciones a través de los tiempos están encaminadas a manejar sus recursos para optimizar los resultados, las empresas son limitadas de generar más recursos por los riesgos que contemplan en su contexto, riesgos internos y externos que pueden desarrollarse a través del tiempo y poder preverlos, sin embargo hay algunos que al contar como riesgos de la naturaleza son más complejos enfrentarlos de lo que podría suceder, de la misma manera son mucho más costosos de sustentarlos, y no solo la empresa deberá generar técnicas para minimizar este riesgo, es mucho más allá con la colaboración de entidades de gobiernos quienes deben tener una planificación clara de lo que podría suceder, y contrarrestar para vivir en armonía con la naturaleza que rodea la organización. Los riesgos de la naturaleza en cualquier aspecto dentro de la administración son poco manejables, además de ser inesperados en el momento que ocurren, las organizaciones deberá contemplar, varios parámetros, saber dónde y cuándo están dentro de un buen plan territorial, demostrar que sus planes de contingencia están acordes a la situación, pero sobre todo depender de buenas políticas públicas que son obligación de las organizaciones gubernamentales, y por ende se deberán exigir de parte de sociedad y más aun de un conglomerado de organizaciones del sector productivo de un país.
La evaluación de las tecnologías de la información usando Cobit Assurance para una auditoría de cumplimiento.
Authors: Velasteguí López Efraín
Published: January 2019

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el gobierno de TI, sólido y basado en las mejores prácticas para el manejo y gestión de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación, para dar cumplimiento a este estudio utilizamos metodología de enfoque en análisis-sintético, hibrido, y finalmente COBIT y su Assurance Guide para la auditoría misma del control de los procesos. Nuestros resultados son para fines prácticos y se fundamentan en la relevancia y generación de recursos de los procesos de Marketing, Lingüística e Intercambios Culturales, Capacitación y Consultoría del CEC-EPN. En cuanto a COBIT, se eligió 8 procesos en base a su aporte en el cumplimento de objetivos a los procesos relevantes del CEC-EPN, estos son: DS8, AI2, PO1, AI3, PO10, PO10, AI16, PO2, mismos que luego de la auditoría se enmarcaron en un estado de madurez en una escala de 0 y 1.
Editorial: Expansión Postmoderna Tecnológica, Escuela Inclusiva Tecnológica
Authors: Rodríguez Fuentes Antonio
Published: January 2019

Dando pasos en beneficio de la Escuela Inclusiva se abordan en este número los retos de la misma, su idiosincrasia y la necesidad de afrontar la formación específica de todo el profesorado en el campo de la atención a la diversidad, en general, y de la formación en tecnologías educativas, en particular, con la aportación de los artículos de diferentes contextos y epistemologías.
Hay otros mundos, y están en éste
Authors: Belgich Horacio , Marrone Trinidad , Martinelli María Alejandra
Published: January 2019

Reflexionamos acerca de cuáles son las herramientas para emancipar a minorías en un contexto socioeducativo con significaciones expulsivas. Esas herramientas son las subjetividades que se construyen a partir de una sensibilidad capaz de captar signos de lo diferente, de sus estados sufrientes, sus modos de existencias, con frecuencia en un mundo precarizado, y de reconocer que la exclusión del sistema educativo está fundada en micropolíticas, donde la diferencia que hace signo, la que se hace visible, clasificable, se produce para negativizarla, antes que considerarla en su afirmación que se enuncia en la voz y en el hacer de muchos alumnos, y como tal, incluirla. Esas diferencias en su dolor no se escuchan y se hacen visible en alumnos, en el destrato de sí y de otros. Ello mutila potencias, impidiendo crear un mundo donde existir. Las nociones del poder de los diagnósticos de época, discriminantes, impiden pensar más allá de ellos que la vida misma del alumno requiere de otro estatuto, el del reconocimiento de la diferencia, esto es, la diferencia que se multiplica en simulacros vivos, audibles; en saberes que son encuentros alegres por su autonomía de obrar en un mundo a crear. Todo ello es potencia.