bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for the treatment of achalasia
Authors: Al Lehibi Abed , Elkholy Shaimaa , Gouda Mohamed , Al Dabbagh Ammar , Al Balkhi Areej , Almtawa Abdullah , Al Otaibi Nawwaf , El-Sherbiny Mohammed , Essam Kareem , Alzahrani Mohammed Attieh , Al Ghamdi Ahmed , Al Ghamdi Adel , AlEid Ahmad , Qutub Adel , Alamr Abdulrahman , Ahmad Shameem , Al Sayari Khalid , Al Ibrahim Bashaar , Al Khathlan Abdullah , Alkhiari Resheed Eid
Published: July 2021

Background:

Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) was proposed in 2010 as a minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of achalasia. In this article, we describe the Middle Eastern experience with the procedure in terms of efficacy, length of admission, and short- and long-term complications.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis of our prospectively collected data on patients who underwent a POEM procedure was conducted between March 2019 and May 2020. The primary outcome was clinical success rate, defined as a postprocedure Eckardt score ≤3 at ≥3 months. Secondary outcomes included the length of hospital stay, presence of reflux symptoms or need for proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) ≥3 months, and adverse events.

Results:

During the study period, 67 patients (35 females) underwent the procedure for achalasia. The participants' ages ranged from 11 to 80 years (mean 41 ± 18 years). Eckardt scores before the treatment ranged between 4 and 12 (mean 8.85 ± 1.75). Sixty-four patients (95.5%) achieved Eckardt scores of ≤3 at ≥3 months after the procedure (95% confidence interval [CI]: 91%–100%). The difference between pre- and post-procedural Eckardt scores averaged around -8 points (95% CI: −7.5 to -8.5 P < 0.0001). Adverse events were reported in 24 patients (35.8%) and included pneumoperitoneum (32.8%), reflux symptoms at 3 months (29.9%), and surgical emphysema (3%). Six patients had adverse events that led to prolongation of admission; 3% of whom had aspiration pneumonia, 3% had pneumoperitoneum, 1.5% had both, and 1.5% had an esophageal tear.

Conclusions:

POEM is a promising procedure for the treatment of achalasia with a high clinical success rate, short hospital admission, and a reassuring safety profile.
Management of Cabbage Aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Homoptera: Aphididae)) on Ethiopian Mustard (Brassica carinata Braun) using Entomopathogenic Fungi and Selected Insecticides
Authors: Gebreyohans Gebreegziabher , Chokel Yonas , Alemu Tesfaye , Assefa Fasil
Published: July 2021

Cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) is an important sucking insect pest of cabbage and other vegetables. It can be controlled using continuous chemical insecticides that cause human health and environmental problems. The present study was, therefore, designed to evaluate antagonistic activities of indigenous entomopathogenic fungi together with selective insecticides within the context of integrated pest management (ipm). To this effect, four strains of entomopathogenic fungi from Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae were tested for their antagonistic activities against the cabbage aphid. The result showed that microbial inoculums of 1×107 and 1×108 conidia mL-1 showed high mortality (66.7-100%) of aphids after 6 days of incubation under laboratory condition. Among them, bei1 (B. bassiana) isolate was the most virulent strain on adult aphids and nymphs showing 67 to 100% and 39-72% mortality after 4th-5th days of treatments. The data also indicated that the fungal isolates were compatible to the three insecticides with 70% - 91% conidial germination by M. anisopliae and 68%-98% conidial germination by B. bassiana after 24 hours of treatment of which Karate was the most compatible insecticide to the isolates. The single treatment with the entomopathogens gave a substantial percentage mortality of insect pests after 11 days compared to (80-100%) mortality obtained from a combined treatment with half recommended dose of Karate in seven days, which was similar to the treatment with full dose of the insecticide control. The treatments were slightly more effective on adults than they were on aphid larvae.  It is interesting to note that the combination of bei1 + Ka induced 100% mortality of adult aphids after seven days of incubation compared to the 11 day incubation required to kill the nymphs. Given that the full dose of karate killed the adult aphids in five days, the 100% mortality of the half dose of karate with bei1 within seven days was a good indication that the ipm could reduce pollution problem. Thus, B. bassiana and M. anisopliae with Karate could be further tested in the field to realize their potential as bioinsecticides for integrated pest management to control mustard aphids.
Some physiochemical properties of termite mound soil and its effect on yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.) Under Greenhouse condition at Nekemte, western Ethiopia
Authors: Beyene Temesgen , Getu Emana
Published: July 2021

Termite mound soil amends soil fertility and utilized as an alternative to npk fertilizers by smallholder farmers in Africa. Experiment was conducted in western Ethiopia to compare selected physical and chemical properties of mound soil (ms), Adjacent soil (as) and non-mound soil (nms) and the effect of these soils on maize plant growth and yield in the Greenhouse. In Limu district, Fitbako kebele, cultivated land was purposively selected for sampling. In the cultivated land, a plot of 100m x100m was delineated and three mounds within the plot were also purposively selected to collect composite soil sample for soil analysis and Greenhouse pot experiment. From each mound, 10kg soil each from bottom, middle and top (total= 30 kg) were collected and mixed to obtain working sample of 10 kg. About 30kg of adjacent soil 5m away from mound soils and Non-mound soil at the distance of 20 m away from mound soil at the depth of 0-30cm were collected and thoroughly mixed to make working sample of 10kg from each soil type. Three kilograms of mound soil, adjacent soil and non-mound soil each was put in separate plastic bucket for greenhouse pot experiment. About 100 gm of each soil type was used for selected physical and chemical properties analyses. The result obtained demonstrated that termite mound soil was significantly (P<0.05) high in bulk density (bd), moisture contents (mc), porosity (P), Soil pH, percent organic carbon (% oc) and percent organic matter (% om). Total Nitrogen (tn), average (av.) P, av. K, Exch.  Ca and Exch. Mg were also significantly (P<0.05) higher in mound soil in comparison with adjacent soil and non-mound soil. Maize plant growth traits and yield were significantly (P<0.05) high in mound soil. From the current study, it can be concluded that the use of npk fertilizer on plots having termite mound is not recommended. However, further research is needed on how to use mound soil on large plot of land
Depression, Anxiety and Associated factors among COVID-19 Patients at Armed Force Comprehensive COVID-19 Center Hospital in Ethiopia
Authors: Fantu Asnake , Boka Abdissa , Getahun Negalign
Published: July 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic has a significant impact on the public mental problem. The anxiety and depression symptoms are a common emotional reaction to the covid-19 pandemic. The objective of the study was to assess the level of depression and anxiety reactions and associated factors among covid-19 patients at the covid-19 center of the Armed Force Comprehensive Hospital in Ethiopia. Across-sectional study was conducted among 150 covid-19 patients who were interviewed for the survey in the Afaan Oromo language. The Beck’s Depression Inventory and Beck’s Anxiety Inventory measuring scale questionnaires were adapted and used to measure depression and anxiety of covid-19 patients. Data were analyzed by logistic regression using spss computer software version 23. Mean age of the covid-19 patients was 29 with a standard deviation of ± 7.6 years. Among the total respondents, 92 (61.3%) were males. The overall prevalence of depression from borderline clinical to severe was 84% and anxiety from moderate to severe was 86.7%. The multivariate regression analysis showed that being married, divorced, fear of death, poor sleep quality, fear of re-infection, less family support, loneliness, and lower oxygen saturation were positively associated with depression and anxiety reactions. From study participants, the majority of them were presented with features of depression and anxiety. Being married, divorced, fear of death, poor sleep quality, fear of re-infection, less family support, loneliness, and lower oxygen saturation were the associated factors with depression and anxiety reaction for covid-19 patients.
Upgrading biogas using Eburru zeolitic rocks and other adsorbent materials to remove carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide
Authors: Mbugua James K , Mwaniki Joseph M , Nduta Damaris M , Mwaura Francis B
Published: July 2021

The trace amounts of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide in raw biogas lower its calorific value,cause corrosion and make it hard to compress biogas into the cylinder. Raw biogas was obtainedfrom anaerobic digestion of cow dung and market wastes. The gas was stored in tubes or urine bagbefore upgrading. Natural zeolite rocks, maize cobs, steel wire, desulphurizer, and worn-out tyreswere used as the upgrade materials. The composition of biogas was recorded before and afterupgrading using a GP180 portable biogas analyzer from Henan, China. The measured level of rawbiogas was 0.0227% H2S, >20% CO2 and 52-56% CH4. The most efficient upgrade materials werezeolite rocks with upgrade levels of 89–93% methane. The total removal using zeolite wasobserved to be 75% CO2 and 95.34% H2S. The morphological structures of zeolitic rocks accountfor its higher upgrading properties compared to other materials. In addition, the porosity in theserocks mean that CO2 and H2S were adsorbed resulting in high CH4 levels in the upgraded biogas.Other adsorbents showed upgrading properties with removal rates above 70% for both H2S andCO2.

Keywords: Biogas, Upgrading, Natural zeolite, Bio-methane
Synergistic effects of halide ions and Acacia senegal gum on the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in sulfuric acid solution
Authors: Emmanuel Jovine , Buchweishaija Joseph
Published: July 2021

The synergistic effects of halide ions, Br– and I– and Acacia senegal gum exudates on the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 0.5 M sulfuric acid solution has been investigated by potentiodynamic polarization measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. Results showed that Acacia senegal gum exudate moderately reduces the corrosion rate of mild steel. The inhibition efficiencies on mild steel electrodes increased with increase in gum exudate concentrations up to 300 ppm, corresponding to the inhibition efficiency of about 43% and its inhibition efficiency increased up to 81.6% with addition of halide ions due to synergistic effects. The enhancement effect of the halide ions was higher with iodide than with bromide ions. The synergism parameter, S1, evaluated was greater than unity, consistent with synergistic effect. The adsorption of Acacia senegal gum on the mild steel surface obeyed Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm. The results obtained, i.e., corrosion rates of mild steel, inhibition efficiencies of Acacia senegal gum exudates and the synergistic effects of Acacia senegal gum exudates and halides from polarization and impedance measurements were in good agreement.

Keywords: corrosion, inhibition, mild steel, synergistic effect, Acacia senegal, gum exudate
Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of some new sulfonyl phenoxides
Authors: Ovonramwen Oluwaseyi B , Owolabi Bodunde J , Falodun Abiodun
Published: July 2021

Four new sulfonyl phenoxides were synthesized through O-sulfonylation reaction of phenolic compounds with 5-chloro-1-ethyl-2-methylimidazole-4-sulfonyl chloride in good yield. FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and DEPT 135 NMR were carried out to characterize and the thin layer chromatography (TLC) confirm the purity. Antimicrobial activities of the sulfonyl phenoxides against Gram-positive (methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis), Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae), and Candida albicans were carried out using the standard microbiological method. The antimicrobial activities were referenced to ciprofloxacin and itraconazole, antibacterial and antifungal drug respectively. The in vitro antimicrobial studies of 5-chloro-1-ethyl-2-methyl-1H-imidazole-4-sulfonyl(4-chloro-3-methyl)phenoxide and 5-chloro-1-ethyl-2-methyl-1H-imidazole-4-sulfonyl-2-methylphenoxide showed moderate activity against C. albicans. The four sulfonyl phenoxides had weak activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Keywords: Sulfonyl phenoxides, Antimicrobial, Phenolic compounds, O-Sulfonylation reaction
Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for Northern Tanzania Divergence Region and the adjoining areas
Authors: Msabi Michael M , Ferdinand Richard W
Published: July 2021

This paper presents the seismic hazard levels for the Northern Tanzania Divergence (NTD) and adjoining areas by using area seismic source zones. The 15 source zones were considered based on the major geological and tectonic features, faulting style, and seismicity trends. For each source, earthquake recurrence parameters were computed by using the earthquake catalogue with events compiled from 1956 to 2011. The peak ground accelerations (PGA) and spectral accelerations (SA) at 0.2 and 2.0 second, respectively, were computed for a 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years at sites defined by a 0.1° x 0.1° grid. The recurrence parameters of 15 zones and attenuation relations developed by Akkar et al. (2014) and Chiou and Youngs (2014) were integrated in a logic tree. Obtained results that are presented as hazard maps show strong spatial variations ranging from 60 to 330 cm/s/s for PGA, from 100 to 650 cm/s/s at 0.2 sec and from 6 to 27 cm/s/s at 2 sec for 475 years mean return period and 5% damping. Hazard levels depict the general tectonic setting of the study area with the western (Eyasi-Wembere) and central (Natron-Manyara-Balangida) rift segments having relatively high PGA values compared with the eastern Pangani rift. This work provides indications of seismic hazards to policymakers and planners during planning and guidelines for earthquake-resistant design engineers.

Keywords: Homogeneous Earthquakes Catalogue; GMPE; PSHA; NTD
Percepción sensorial de diferentes tipos de chocolates utilizando Mapeo Proyectivo
Authors: Valverde-Reyes Andy , Aguilar-Sánchez Aleida , Chaquila-Bendezú Jhonatan , Ponce-Quispe Gilmer
Published: July 2021

El chocolate es un dulce que viene desde tiempos muy antiguos a base de cacao, este alimento es muy consumido en la actualidad debido a diversas características que presenta este dulce. En este contexto, el presente informe tiene por objetivo saber qué similitudes y diferencias tienen los diversos tipos de chocolates que se venden en el mercado peruano, específicamente del departamento de La Libertad, Cajamarca y Lambayeque. Para tal fin, 24 consumidores, procedentes de las regiones mencionadas, fueron citados a degustar ocho diferentes tipos de chocolates, usando la técnica del mapeo proyectivo, esto fue realizado en una sola sesión. Estos consumidores escribieron coordenadas para cada muestra y estas se redujeron en un solo valor, usando el método del autovector, además de atributos que caracterizaban a cada tipo de chocolate, con lo cual salieron seleccionados los 8 más relevantes, estos atributos fueron sometidos a un análisis de factor múltiple y una tabla de frecuencias. Los resultados mostraron que los chocolates con más similitud fueron Sublime almendras y Vizzio, en cuanto a diferencias, el chocolate Sol del Cuzco fue el que más difería al resto de muestras.
Análisis sensorial en snacks de papas mediante el método tcata (Temporal Check-All-That-Apply)
Authors: Benites-Vera Ana , Chuquitucto-Angulo Yosibel , Loyola-Betancourt Camila , Guzmán-Padilla Heber
Published: July 2021

La percepción que tiene el consumidor de los productos no solo se ve influida por las características intrínsecas, sino también extrínsecas del alimento; es decir, los factores psicológicos que determinan su elección de consumo y factores de contexto y situación relacionado. En los últimos años, se han desarrollado varias técnicas que permiten evaluar estos factores, y cuya función principal es determinar, mediante un análisis, las características sensoriales de cada alimento. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar la metodología sensorial TCATA para investigación específica del consumidor (niños). Para ello, se propuso indagar sobre estas nuevas metodologías de caracterización sensorial; y estudiar estas mismas herramientas sensoriales en evaluadores del análisis. Para esta última parte, se diseñó un experimento basado en el análisis sensorial de algunas patatas tipo "snack" poniendo en práctica la metodología Temporal Check-All-That-Apply (TCATA) con niños de 8 a 12 años. El análisis de los resultados demostró la eficacia y rapidez de las nuevas técnicas sensoriales para la caracterización de productos y, en particular, la correcta adecuación de la metodología TCATA en jueces infantiles.
Impacts of Urbanization on Seasonal Water Quality Dynamics in Mudi River in
Blantyre District, Malawi
Authors: Richard Chikabvumbwa Sylvester , Malairajan Singanan , William Chisale Sylvester
Published: July 2021

This study investigated the status of water quality in the Mudi River due to
urbanization and increasing soil erosion levels. Water samples were collected
during dry (October 2019) and wet seasons (January 2020) from three selected
strategic places i.e. before the city limit, within the city, and out-skirt the city.
Physicochemical and biological parameters such as pH, temperature, electric
conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), and fecal coliforms were
examined on the Mudi River water. Obtained data were analyzed using Statistical
Package for Social Scientists and ArcGIS 10.8. The results revealed that the
Mudi River has lower water quality as most parameters exceeded the
recommended limits thresholds, which may found that the Mudi River water was
polluted significantly. Even though, quality of the studied river water was found
as significantly better during the wet season than the dry season (p<0.05), which
may be due to the dilution effect of the rainfall. This study recommends to the
concerned body to increase the environmental awareness, integrate the solid
waste management in the city, proper drainage systems, rehabilitation of sewer
lines, and creating a buffer to protect river bank cultivation and continuous
monitoring of the river using Geographic Information Systems.
A Checklist of Arthropods Recorded on Exposed Pig Carrion in Neke, Enugu State,
Nigeria.
Authors: P.E Odo. , B. N Iloba.
Published: July 2021

A comprehensive study of insects recovered on the decaying pig was carried out from
7th June to 7th September, 2018 to identify the arthropods connected with the pig
carrions. The study revealed that Diptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Isoptera were
the group of insects that were collected on the carrions. At the fresh stage, there were
78 insects and at the bloated stage there were 182 insects while at the active decay
stage there were 262 and at the advanced decay stage there were 319 insects as the dry
decay stage yielded only 119 insects. The Simpson index was high (0.95) in the active
decay and advanced decay stages but was low (0.89) in the fresh and dry decay stages.
The Dominance index was high (0.11) in the fresh and dry decay stages of but was
low (0.05) in the active and advanced decay stages and the Shannon-Weiner index (H)
was high (3.09) in the advanced decay stage but low (2.33) in the dry decay stage. The
Evenness index (E) was high (0.95) in the fresh stage but low (0.86) in the dry decay
stage. Richness index: Margalef (R) was high (4.03) in the advanced decay stag but
was low (2.07) in the fresh stage as the Equitability index was high (0.98) in the fresh
and bloated stages but low (0.94) in the dry decay stage. The score plot of the PCA
shows a scatter plot of species distribution in carrion for components 1 and 2.
Component 1 accounted for 42.3% of the variation in the dataset while component 2
accounted for 24.6% making a total of 66.9%.
Analysis of the prevalence of selected qualitative deviations in slaughter poultry in Poland in 2016-2019
Authors: Górski Krzysztof
Published: July 2021

The aim of the study was to analyse the results of official post-mortem inspections of hens, chickens, turkeys, ducks and geese carried out in poultry slaughterhouses in Poland by the Veterinary Inspection in 2016–2019. The data from the sanitary and veterinary survey were taken from annual reports drawn up by the General Veterinary Inspectorate (RRW-6) in 2016–2019. During this period, nearly 900 million hens, 206 million turkeys, 122 million ducks, 63 million geese, and over 5.7 billion slaughter chickens were slaughtered under veterinary supervision. Symptoms or lesions were found in almost 2.6 million hens (0.29%), 1.8 million turkeys (0.86%), 792 thousand ducks (0.65%), 185 thousand geese (0.29%) and over 27.3 million chickens (0.48%). The main causes of confiscation were emaciation (0.14%), incomplete loss of blood (0.06%), and septicaemia and pyaemia (0.07%). Quality deviations in the form of emaciation or incomplete loss of blood of slaughtered animals indicate shortcomings during rearing or transport of animals for slaughter. Therefore, there may be legitimate concerns about the appropriate level of animal welfare. The size of overall losses in poultry is determined by the disqualification of chickens, due to slaughter size in comparison with other species. The confiscation of such a large number of chickens deserves greater attention to determine the causes involved.
PERFIL FÍSICO-QUÍMICO DE QUEIJOS ARTESANAIS DO NORTE DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Neves Lilian Ferreira , Fonseca Hugo Calixto , Oliveira Mariuze Loyanny Pereira , Souza Cintya Neves de , Durães Grayce Laiz Lima Silveira , Duarte Eduardo Robson , Souza Marcelo Resende de
Published: July 2021

A produção de queijos a partir de leite cru é uma atividade tradicional em vários municípios de Minas Gerais. Visando contribuir com informações sobre esse produto, tido como patrimônio cultural do Estado. Objetivo: Foi realizar análises físico-químicas em queijos artesanais produzidos em regiões do Norte de Minas - MG. Método: Foram analisadas 15 amostras de queijos de diferentes cidades do norte de Minas Gerais; as análises de pH, acidez titulável, umidade, teor de proteínas, gordura e GES foram realizadas pelos métodos oficiais de acordo com a legislação vigente. Resultados: Demonstraram variações significativas quanto aos teores de lipídios (20,6 a 26,66%), e proteínas (14,27 a 23,10%). Conclusão: Apesar de ter sido analisado o mesmo tipo de queijo, as variações observadas para os queijos produzidos nas diferentes regiões podem ser decorrentes das particularidades de produção, bem como das características de cada região.
Testing the Asymmetric Response of China’s Stock Returns to Oil Price Dynamics: Does Fear of COVID-19 Matter?
Authors: Owuru Joel Ede
Published: July 2021

This study investigates the response of Chinese stock returns to oil prices amidst the COVID-19 pandemic using both linear and nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) models. The results indicate that oil price and the COVID-19 Global Fear Index (GFI), respectively, affect stock returns positively and negatively in the short run. While oil price asymmetry matters, Chinese stock returns do not respond to oil price changes and GFI in the long run.
Atividade hemaglutinante em sementes de Bauhinia subclavata Benth e Crotalaria spectabilis Roth
Authors: Nunes Vera Regiane  Brescovici
Published: July 2021

O trabalho em questão apresenta um fragmento da pesquisa realizada sobre grafismos rupestres (pinturas) encontrados nos sítios arqueológicos Morro do Sol e Pedras Brilhantes ou Morro dos Tapuias, localizados no município de São Desidério no Estado da Bahia. Foram pesquisadas as pinturas presentes nos locais a partir da utilização das imagens fotográficas lá produzidas. Essas imagens foram comparadas com a de outros sítios presentes no território brasileiro, principalmente na região nordeste. O objetivo foi por meio da comparação, identificar uma possível tradição rupestre. Também, se comparou o contexto cronoestilístico, as cores, formas e traços. Essas manifestações têm sido analisadas ao longo do tempo, sob diferentes vertentes  da arqueologia, cultura, religião e arte. A pintura rupestre é uma forma de linguagem pictográfica que foi utilizada para retratar possivelmente a vida cotidiana das primeiras civilizações. Utilizaram como suporte as paredes de cavernas, paredões e abrigos entre outros, para proceder seus registros. Atualmente, o grafite e outras linguagens contemporâneas fazem uso do suporte parietal. A análise foi fundamentada em autores que desenvolvem trabalhos na área, como os que vêm sendo realizados em todo o estado baiano pelos pesquisadores da Universidade Federal da Bahia.
MANUAL DO ENEM 2021
Authors: Cabral Danilo Marcus Barros , Silva Cláudio Pereira da , Picolo Janaina Muniz
Published: July 2021

Apresentamos a segunda edição do Manual do Enem mais uma vez tendo como foco a progressão da estrutura intelectual, física e humana/psicológica dos nossos alunos, no que se refere à preparação para o Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (Enem). Toda a equipe de professores do Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia, Campus Conceição do Araguaia, assim como também, colaboradores externos, elaborou esta segunda edição do manual, com a certeza de um projeto inovador, que alcançou e continuará alcançando discentes e docentes, a fim de que se obtenham caminhos essenciais ao sucesso da realização da prova. Tal projeto já se apresenta como histórico para o sistema de ensino autônomo do Campus e da educação pública nacional. Com uma nova Era para a educação, em relação ao enriquecimento de processos tecnológicos, o Manual do Enem se torna um suporte fundamental a toda comunidade acadêmica, visando o acompanhamento da atualização do sistema de provas, mais especificamente às disciplinas. Esta edição, assim como a primeira, continua com a atualização de dados gerais e específicos sobre o certame que se torna fundamental à preparação exitosa e ao diagnóstico geral das exigências para a formação do alunado, com vistas ao ensino superior.
Ecología trófica del congrio de profundidad Bassanago albescens en el Atlántico Sudoccidental y sus implicancias para el manejo ecosistémico de las pesquerías
Authors: Blasina Gabriela , Izzo Luciano , De Wysiecki Agustín , Figueroa Daniel
Published: July 2021

En el presente estudio se determina la composición de la dieta y estrategia alimentaria del congrio de profundidad Bassanago albescens en el Atlántico Sudoccidental (35° S-45° S), a partir del análisis del contenido estomacal de 222 individuos. La dieta consistió de cefalópodos, seguidos por isópodos, anfípodos, ofiuroideos, braquiuros y poliquetos. Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas en la composición de la dieta entre sexos, zonas y clases de tallas que se vieron reflejadas en los cambios de la estrategia de forrajeo. Se registró un aumento progresivo en el consumo de Illex argentinus con el aumento del tamaño de B. albescens, donde los individuos más grandes mostraron una especialización en el consumo de esta presa. Estos cambios alimentarios estarían relacionados a limitaciones morfológicas y habilidades asociadas al tamaño corporal de B. albescens, teniendo los individuos más grandes acceso a presas de mayor tamaño. Nuestros resultados ayudan a comprender la biología de una especie que tiene una distribución simpátrica con dos especies clave en las pesquerías de la Argentina: Merluccius hubbsi e I. argentinus, con evidencias de una fuerte interacción trófica entre ellas. Esta nueva información sobre los recursos involucrados permitiría una optimización del manejo pesquero bajo un criterio ecosistémico.
Estudo de diferenças na satisfação com o bairro em relação ao gênero
Authors: Esperidião Aline Ramos , Bonini Penteado Ana Paula , Vieira Branquinho Roberta , Iarozinski Neto Alfredo
Published: July 2021

Existe uma crescente evidência de que a interação entre indivíduo e meio urbano tem relevância na satisfação. Diversas publicações têm abordado a satisfação residencial, porém, há poucos estudos no Brasil sobre os fatores do meio urbano que a influenciam sob a perspectiva do gênero. Neste sentido, questiona-se: são as percepções de satisfação de homens e mulheres em relação ao bairro significativamente distintas? Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa é compreender se existem diferenças na percepção de satisfação com o bairro em relação ao gênero do indivíduo, e quais são elas. A pesquisa adotou o método survey para coleta de dados, e análises multivariadas como técnica de análise dos dados. Um questionário foi aplicado, coletando 316 amostras das regiões Sul, Sudeste e Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Foram selecionadas 37 variáveis relacionadas ao meio urbano e à satisfação com o bairro, tendo como variável discriminante o gênero. Em geral, a satisfação com o bairro entre homens está relacionada à existência de atividades culturais, bom comércio e vagas de estacionamento. Para as mulheres, relaciona-se a outros fatores, como boas escolas, aparência do entorno e segurança. A pesquisa contribui para um melhor entendimento sobre as necessidades de homens e mulheres no meio urbano.
Tolerance Portraits in Kupang City Based on Dimensions of Perception, Attitude, Cooperation, and Government Role
Authors: Riwukore Jefirstson Richset , Habaora Fellyanus , Zamzam Fakhry , Yustini Tien
Published: July 2021

Humans were influenced by perceptions, attitudes, cooperation, and the government roles to portray indicators of religious tolerance. Therefore, this study was carried out between January and March 2020 to deeply analyze the dimensions of perception, attitude, cooperation, and the roles of the government, using a case study technique with a descriptive approach. The population of this study were 53 people representing religious figures, community leaders, government, and levels of society. A questionnaire was used containing statements based on Likert scale measurements. Data analysis was carried out in a narrative manner. The results showed that the portrait of the dimensions of perception, attitude, cooperation, and the role of the government supports religious tolerance in the City of Kupang. However, it found that a neutral attitude was shown when it was related to the attendance to the worship of other religions. Based on the dimension of cooperation, there were also people who showed a neutral attitude on the donations or social action for the followers of other religions, and a willingness to maintain a normative business that does not conflict with adherents of other religions.

Unsur manusia yang dipengaruhi oleh persepsi, sikap, kerjasama dan peran pemerintah merupakan indikator potret terhadap toleransi umat beragama. Untuk hal tersebut maka telah dilakukan penelitian sejak Januari-Maret 2020 tentang potret dimensi persepsi, sikap, kerjasama, dan peran pemerintah, menggunakan teknik studi kasus dengan pendekatan secara deskriptif. Populasi ataupun sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 53 orang sebagai representatif tokoh-tokoh agama, tokoh-tokoh masyarakat, pemerintahan, dan lapisan masyarakat. Metode survei menggunakan kuesioner yang berisi pernyataan berbasis pengukuran skala Likert. Analisis data dilakukan secara naratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa potret dimensi persepsi, sikap, kerjasama, dan peran pemerintah mendukung toleransi umat beragama di Kota Kupang. Meskipun demikian masih ada sikap umat beragama yang netral jika terkait dengan kesediaan berada di rumah ibadah pemeluk agama lain yang ada di sekitar tempat tinggal. Berdasarkan dimensi kerjasama, juga terdapat umat yang menunjukkan sikap netral terhadap kesediaan memberikan sumbangan atau aksi sosial kepada pemeluk agama lain, dan kesediaan untuk menjaga normatif usaha yang tidak bertentangan dengan pemeluk agama lain.
From Debate to Dialogue: Authentic Interfaith Friendship from The Perspective of Christian Theology
Authors: Susanta Yohanes Krismantyo , Upa Febriani
Published: July 2021

This study is qualitative which employs literature reviews of materials discussing multifaith dialogues from the Christian perspectives. It believes that multifaith debate is already out-of-date and rather counterproductive. This study is to demonstrate the importance of dialogues among different faiths to foster interfaith brotherhood. It found that Christian theological attitudes towards other religions can be categorized into three major types known as tripolar typologies: exclusivism, inclusivism, and pluralism which was developed by Alan Race. This paper proposes an interfaith friendship dialogue based on mutual understanding as the essence of Christian existence. Truly authentic dialogue is only possible if it is established in friendly relationships between faiths.

Metode penelitian dalam tulisan ini ialah kualitatif. Secara khusus, penelitian ini menggunakan studi pustaka dengan memanfaatkan sejumlah literatur yang mengulas tentang dialog antariman dan teori persahabatan dari perspektif Kristen. Perdebatan antaragama adalah sesuatu yang usang karena hanya akan semakin menumbuhkan benih-benih kebencian dan bersifat kontraproduktif. Signifikansi dari penelitian ini ialah guna memperlihatkan pentingnya dialog untuk menjembatani perbedaan dan memupuk persaudaraan antariman. Penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa sikap teologis Kristen terhadap agama lain dikelompokkan ke dalam tiga bagian besar yang dikenal dengan tipologi tripolar, yaitu eksklusivisme, inklusivisme, dan pluralisme. Teori tipologi tripolar ini dikembangkan oleh Alan Race. Tulisan ini juga menunjukkan bahwa diperlukan pendekatan dialog yang melampaui tipologi tripolar tersebut. Tulisan ini mengusulkan dialog persahabatan antariman dengan dasar pemahaman bahwa dialog antariman merupakan hakikat keberadaan Kristen. Dialog yang benar-benar autentik hanya mungkin terjadi jika terbangun dalam relasi persahabatan antariman.
Religious Plurality in Dayak Bidayuh Lara Society (Portrait of Inter-Religious Harmony in Kendaie Lundu Village, Sarawak)
Authors: Efendi Zakaria
Published: July 2021

This study investigates the phenomena of plurality among the Dayak Bidayuh Lara community in Kendaie Lundu Village, Sarawak. Apart from that, it also describes the social and religious activities of the indigenous people that maintain the concept of tolerance. This study used qualitative methods by conducting observations and by using a descriptive approach as a research instrument. The study found that 1) as an indigenous community, the indigenous Dayak Bidayuh lara community in Kendaie Lundu Village are aware of the plurality of life in their environment, so that in carrying out social and religious activities, they live not in boundaries that separate between majority and minority communities. 2) There are some people with different religions from one family and live in one house. So that this reflects the exoticism of religious plurality in the Dayak Bidayuh Lara community; 3) as a community that inhabits the interior and border areas, inter-national fraternities are closely intertwined, social relations between the people of Malaysia and Indonesia are still established today.

Makalah ini menggambarkan pluralias yang terjadi pada masyarakat Dayak Bidayuh Lara di Kampung Kendaie Lundu, Sarawak. Selain itu, makalah ini juga mendeskripsikan kegiatan-kegiatan sosial dan keagamaan masyarakat adat di sana yang menjunjung tinggi toleransi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan melakukan observasi, pengamatan, dan dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif sebagai instrumen penelitian. Hasil penelitian; 1) sebagai masyarakat adat, masyarakat adat Dayak Bidayuh Lara di Kampung Kendaie Lundu sadar akan pluralitas dalam kehidupan di lingkungannya, sehingga dalam melakukan aktivitas sosial dan keagamaan, tidak menimbulkan jarak dan batasan antara masyarakat mayoritas dan minoritas; 2) masih banyak dijumpai orang-orang dengan agama yang berbeda namun masih satu keluarga dan hidup dalam satu rumah, sehingga hal tersebut mencerminkan keeksotisan dalam kemajemukan beragama pada masyarakat Dayak Bidayuh lara di sana; 3) sebagai masyarakat yang mendiami wilayah pedalaman dan perbatasan, persaudaraan serumpun lintas negara terjalin dengan erat, hubungan sosial masyarakat di Malaysia dan Indonesia masih terjalin sampai sekarang.
The Mindset of Christ As The Foundation of The Church in Building Religious Harmony: An Interpretation of Philippians 2: 5
Authors: Lumbanraja Daido Tri Sampurna
Published: July 2021

Building religious harmony is the duty and responsibility of all Indonesian people. Church is an essential part of Indonesian society which is also obliged to develop religious harmony. Answering the question of how the church should behave and act in a pluralistic society is to offer the teaching concept of the mindset of Christ. As it is contained in Philippians 2: 5, the church has to serve as the foundation of religious harmony. The mindset of Christ in question is the act of Christ who does not defend his rights, the act of Christ who willingly becomes the same as an ordinary man and the act of Christ who takes the form of a slave and acts like a slave who cares for the interests of his master. This study utilizes technical data analysis with a descriptive-interpretive model, which is to elaborate the focus of the study by parsing and re-interpreting it in a certain context. In this case the text described is Philippians 2: 5 using the hermeneutic method as a scalpel and then interpreted in the context of religious harmony in Indonesia.

Membangun kerukunan umat beragama merupakan tugas dan tanggungjawab seluruh rakyat Indonesia. Gereja merupakan salah satu bagian dari masyarakat Indonesia yang juga berkewajiban untuk berkontribusi mewujudkan kerukunan umat beragama. Menjawab pertanyaan bagaimana gereja harus bersikap dan bertindak di tengah lingkup masyarakat yang majemuk adalah dengan menawarkan konsep pengajaran mengenai mindset Kristus yang terkandung dalam surat Filipi 2:5 untuk dijadikan sebagai landasan gereja membangun kerukunan umat beragama. Mindset Kristus yang dimaksud adalah tindakan Kristus yang tidak mempertahankan haknya, tindakan Kristus yang dengan rela menjadi sama dengan manusia dan tindakan Kristus yang mengambil rupa hamba dan berlaku seperti hamba yang mementingkan kepentingan tuannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknis analisis data dengan model deskripitf-interpretatif yaitu mengelaborasi fokus penelitian dengan cara mengurai dan memaknai kembali pada konteks tertentu. Dalam hal ini teks yang diurai adalah surat Filipi 2:5 menggunakan metode hermeneutik sebagai pisau bedah lalu dimaknai pada konteks kerukunan umat beragama di Indonesia.
Hybrid short-wire ERCP technique, five years of experience
Authors: Maceček Jaroslav , Staňka Bedřich , Konvička Petr
Published: July 2021

Backgrounds: The aim of this work is to present the novel hybrid endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) technique using short guidewires and accessories designed for long and short systems. The technique is based on the internal locking capability of the short guidewire, assistant wire control and the possibility of targeting the wire by a physician. Material and methods: ERCPs were performed with Olympus duodenoscopes, using a short guidewire (260–270 cm) and accessories designed for short- and long-wire systems. The speed of deployment of the accessories and incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) when using the short-wire hybrid technique were compared with the same parameters when using a long-wire system. The success of cannulations, the percentage of bleeding and cholangitis were monitored. Results: From 2016 to 2020, a total number of 1,506 ERCPs were done. Hybrid technique was used in 58.2% (2017), 88.5% (2018), 91.3% (2019) and 98.5% (2020) of the procedures. The cannulation success rate was 94.73%. The average accessory insertion times through the working channel were 15 s (cv = 0.12, σ = 1.91) when using a short guidewire and a V-system, 31 s (cv = 0.08, σ = 2.67) when using a long guidewire and a V-system and 55 s (cv = 0.06, σ = 3.34) when using a long guidewire and an endoscope without a locking device. The rate of complications was 5.26% and none of them was severe. A lower incidence of PEP with a short guidewire than with a long one (1% vs. 4%, P = 0.033) was demonstrated. Conclusion: Our retrospective analysis of the ERCP hybrid technique highlights faster deployment of accessories and a lower PEP rate compared to the long-wire method. We noticed low bleeding and infectious complications apparently due to easy and quick handling of the short guidewire.
Endoscopic and medical therapy of gastric antral vascular ectasia: case series and review of available methods
Authors: Šramková Michaela , Kroupa Radek , Dastych Milan , Konečný Štefan , Kunovský Lumír , Dolina Jiří
Published: July 2021

Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is an uncommon dia­gnosis leading to chronic iron deficiency anaemia caused by occult or overt gastrointestinal bleeding. The mainstay of the therapy is based on endoscopic therapy using endoscopic thermal methods – particularly argon plasma coagulation and others – radiofrequency ablation, coagulation or cryotherapy. Endoscopic band ligation presents satisfying results as well. Pharmacotherapy aiming at reduction of the development of new vascular lesions and reduction of blood flow in them could be considered in patients refractory to endoscopic treatment. We present a review of available endoscopic and non-endoscopic methods for GAVE therapy and our experience with the therapy of refractory GAVE using a combination of endoscopic methods and thalidomide on case series. The algorithm for GAVE therapy is proposed.
Current status of endoscopic full-thickness resection for treatment of colorectal neoplastic lesions
Authors: Falt Přemysl
Published: July 2021

Endoscopic full-thickness resection (FTR) is a novel technique for endoscopic treatment of colorectal neoplastic lesions that are not suitable for standard endoscopic resection. Published evidence on FTR suggests high technical success rate, high proportion of R0 resections and low risk of serious complications. According to limited data, FTR appears to be a recommendable alternative to the technically challenging and time consuming endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in the treatment of carcinomas with superficial submucosal invasion and local residual neoplasia, specifically outside the rectum. The main limitations of FTR are the limited extent of resection and occasional residual neoplasia after resection. Further research including prospective and randomized comparison to other resection techniques is needed for a correct inclusion of FTR in the treatment algorithm of colorectal neoplasia.
Una hermenéutica contemporánea de la condición paradójica del hombre cifrada en la condición trágica en el ensayo: "El reflejo de lo trágico antiguo en lo trágico moderno", de Søren Kierkegaard
Authors: Jasso Barranco Berenice
Published: July 2021

El presente escrito pretende esbozar a través de la hermenéutica aspectos de la condición humana trágica como aislamiento, duda, angustia, asimilación trágica, afirmación paradójica y amor. Todos éstos, vistos en su dimensión anímica, desarrollados por Kierkegaard en el ensayo “El reflejo de lo trágico antiguo en lo trágico moderno” contenido en O lo uno o lo otro, para develar la condición pa- radójica del hombre cifrada en lo trágico kierkegaardiano y evaluar la actualidad de las categorías kierkegaardianas para leer lo trágico contemporáneo mediante el diálogo con filósofos como Steiner, Heidegger, Derrida, Žižek y Butler.
Gestos, fórmulas y bloques de intensidad
Authors: Didi-Huberman Georges
Published: July 2021

Hay visiblemente, en la tensión y en la intensidad especificas del Lao- coonte (figura1), algo así como una intención claramente representada: el sacerdote de Apolo empeña toda su fuerza –dolorosa y desesperada– en liberarse de las serpientes que lo atacan. Si bien tiene la intención de salvar su pellejo y de ayudar a sus hijos, la leyenda nos cuenta que las serpientes pronto lo asfixiarán, incluso lo desmembrarán a él y a sus dos hijos. Admirablemente cincelado en el mármol helenístico, Laocoonte protesta desde entonces y a perpetuidad contra sus lazos a través de un gesto afectivo extraordinariamente vivaz, intenso, incluso podríamos decir inmediato.
Ética da discussão e princípios da administração pública: o administrador público mentiroso e a improbidade administrativa
Authors: Bitencourt Caroline Müller , Reck Janriê Rodrigues
Published: July 2021

Este trabalho tem por tema a prática política de difusão de fake news por parte de agentes políticos no Brasil contemporâneo e a possível aplicação da lei de improbidade administrativa por violação do princípio da boa-fé da Administração Pública. Assim, explora-se como é possível conectá-la com o princípio da boa-fé administrativa para fundamentar o dever do administrador falar a verdade. Pode-se caracterizar o problema que move este trabalho como: é possível interpretar a Constituição Federal e a Lei de improbidade administrativa como tutoras de um dever ético de se falar a verdade decorrente da boa-fé administrativa e como a ética da discussão pode contribuir para esta interpretação? A hipótese é de que sim, há a incidência da lei de improbidade administrativa ao agente público mentiroso. Para a confirmação da hipótese, será necessário efetivar três objetivos, a saber, conectar a ética da discussão com as fakes news; ligar esta construção ao princípio da boa-fé da Administração Pública e; finalmente, fundamentar a aplicação da lei de improbidade administrativa ao agente que viola o dever de boa-fé ao espalhar fake news. O método utilizado será o hipotético dedutivo, uma vez que a hipótese de aplicabilidade da lei de improbidade administrativa será testada argumentativamente.
Controle do ato discricionário arbitrário na gradação da pena administrativa de multa aplicada pela administração pública federal, atecnia do caput do art. 2° e inobservância da primariedade do inciso 1, da Lei 7.889/1989
Authors: Gonçalves Junior Jerson Carneiro
Published: July 2021

A discricionariedade arbitrária e a falta de fundamento na gradação da pena administrativa na decisão administrativa federal que manteve a condenação, compromete a validade do ato decisório administrativo federal e em virtude do poder de autotutela administrativa no controle interno, da mesma forma que, primando pela observância das normas que governam a atividade específica do órgão ministerial federal pautada no art. 53 da Lei federal 9.784/1999 e nas Súmulas 346 e 473 do STF, a administração federal deve proceder a anulação da decisão administrativa que manteve a condenação, com efeitos retroativos, ex tunc, tal qual do ato administrativo que impôs desarrazoadamente ao administrado/primário (não reincidente) uma penalidade pecuniária de R$ 175.000,00 (cento e setenta e cinco mil reais), sem motivar, especificar os critérios legais observados na gradação da penalidade, violando o princípio da motivação dos atos administrativos, por ofender princípios constitucionais, proporcionalidade, razoabilidade, por parte da administração pública federal e é proibido pelo ordenamento juridico brasileiro.