bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanistic Modeling of Clay Swelling in Hydraulic Fractures Network
Authors: Sanaei Alireza , Shakiba Mahmood , Varavei Abdoljalil , Sepehrnoori Kamy
Published: April 2016

Hydraulic fracturing is the most effective technique used in the oil industry for economical production of hydrocarbon from very low permeability reservoirs. Recent experimental studies have indicated a change in hydraulic fractures (HF) conductivity as the result of the interactions between fracturing fluid and shale matrix. Clay swelling is one of the well-known undesirable interactions of this kind. If clay swelling occurs on the surface of hydraulic fractures, it can cause a major damage to the overall performance of the reservoir. Thus, a detailed understanding of clay stability issue is essential for fracturing fluid selection and operation planning.

Clay swelling induced conductivity damage is primarily a function of rock mineralogy, fracturing fluid concentration, and formation brine salinity. Thus, various levels of clay-water interaction are expected in different shale formations. In this study, we present a mechanistic approach to model clay swelling in various rock mineralogies including Barnett (clay-rich), Eagle Ford (Calcite-rich), and Marcellus shales. Subsequently, we investigate the production loss due to clay swelling in a realistic complex hydraulic fracture network. We used UTCOMP_IPhreeqc, a coupled multi-phase reactive- transport simulator developed at The University of Texas at Austin, to comprehensively model this process. Expansion of double diffusive layer was assumed to be the main clay swelling mechanism. Surface complexation and ion exchange reactions were considered to capture the ion diffusion into the double diffusive layer. In each time step of the simulation, the volume expansion of clay materials exposed on the fracture surface was then used to modify the fracture aperture. In order to evaluate the performance of the complex hydraulic fracture network after clay swelling damage, the Embedded Discrete Fracture Model (EDFM) was applied.

The simulation results indicate that the degree of clay swelling varies in different shale formations. Based on the clay content and the mineralogies that were considered in this work, a significant expansion in double diffusive layer was observed for the Barnett shale when fresh water was injected. However, this effect was much lower in Eagle Ford and Marcellus shales. Similarly, the production loss in the hydraulic fracture network was substantial in the Barnett example. The contribution of the fractures far from the producing well in gas production was negligible after clay swelling damage. The pressure depletion profiles clearly showed the adverse impact of conductivity damage on production performance. The presented approach provides the capability to accurately model the clay stability and to approximate its impact on transport properties of hydraulic fractures.
Development and Application of Probabilistic Fluid Property (PVT) Models for Stochastic Black Oil Reservoir Simulation
Authors: Alboudwarej Hussein , Sheffield Jonathan M.
Published: April 2016

Fluid properties are often one of the key uncertainties in reservoir simulation studies. A workflow and guidelines are presented to develop an overall probabilistic forecasting framework, through which likely fluid models are validated, uncertainty ranges are estimated, and probabilistic PVT models are generated for use in stochastic black oil reservoir simulation modeling.

Workflows are provided for two distinct scenarios. For scenarios with a large number of samples from the reservoir or a representative analog fluid property database, standard statistical methodologies are applied to generate probabilistic fluid models. However, in most cases where there are only limited data available, a unique approach is adopted to generate a representative pseudo-database for uncertainty assessment workflows. The pseudo-database is generated based on fluid property correlations that are screened for the conditions of the specific fluid system. The pseudo-database is used to both validate a reliable likely case and to determine ranges to generate probabilistic models. Numerical formulations of probabilistic models are provided.

Application of the workflow is demonstrated for three different cases of fluid property data. For a case based on a large set of PVT measurements, standard deviation of specific fluid properties (FVF, GOR, Viscosity, and Compressibility) is calculated and used in standard statistical methods to calculate P10/P90 cases. In another example, the validity of fluid viscosity data based on an assumed viscosity correlation was investigated, suggesting that fluid viscosity was actually closer to a P20 model as opposed to a P50 (likely case). In another case study, where only limited PVT data were available, a number of screened/filtered fluid property correlations are used to represent available PVT data, and then the input parameters are perturbed to generate a pseudo-database to capture fluid property ranges as well as variation in a field.

Currently, there is a lack of a systematic way to determine uncertainty ranges for fluid properties, as well as validating the most likely case (best case or mid case). The novelty of our framework is in the provision of a consistent workflow to generate probabilistic fluid models that are not based on experiential methods employed in the past.
Uncertainty Reduction in Reservoir Geostatistical Description Using Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) Systems Data
Authors: Xu Bohan , Forouzanfar Fahim
Published: April 2016

Downhole temperature measurements provide valuable data for characterizing the flow between the reservoir and wellbore, which in turn is a function of the individual reservoir layer properties. In this paper we investigate the use of downhole temperature profile data, provided from Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) systems, as a cost effective and robust alternative to other common approaches, such as using data from production logging tools, for estimating the formation properties and production profile along the wellbore. Previous applications of history matching techniques using downhole temperature profile data have been mostly limited to simple reservoirs, and the quality of their results were unacceptable for more complex cases. In this work, we present the evaluation and application of temperature profile data from DTS systems for the purpose of uncertainty reduction in the reservoir description. We focus on the characterization of multi-layer multi-phase reservoir cases with a high degree of vertical heterogeneity. First, using the principles of information theory we investigate the information content of the temperature profile data regarding various reservoir properties. By computing the mutual information between the reservoir parameters and the temperature profile data, the reservoir properties with higher influence on the reservoir and wellbore temperature profile data are identified. The associated uncertainty in these reservoir properties can be reduced by assimilating the downhole temperature profile data. Through these analysis, we also present an estimation for the expected reduction of uncertainty in the reservoir properties by assimilating the temperature data. Then, we apply the Ensemble Smoother with Multiple Data Assimilation (ES-MDA) algorithm to estimate the reservoir properties selected based on our previous analysis. The set of observed data contains the wellbore temperature profile, the temperature profile of the reservoir adjacent to the wellbore, and the flowing bottomhole pressure (BHP) of the well at a reference depth. We investigate the performance of the history matching algorithm using various combinations of these observed data for estimating the properties of a synthetic layered reservoir. Additionally, the implementation of a doubly stochastic model is also investigated to account for possible uncertainties in the prior mean of the reservoir properties. Our results show that the downhole temperature profile data contain significant amount of information about the permeability and porosity of the reservoir layers. Moreover, the use of temperature profile data within the ES-MDA history matching algorithm is able to provide a good estimation of these properties and significantly reduce the uncertainty in the reservoir description.
Characterization of the Lithological Profile at the Point Arguello Field Using the Hurst Coefficient
Authors: Qi Qianru , Rebolledo Leilani C. , Ershaghi Iraj
Published: April 2016

Very prominent sections of the Monterey Formation in terms of fracture content and productivity are the intervals that exhibit intense fracturing caused by diagenetic, de-watering or tectonic effects. In this paper, we examined the auto correlated nature of intervals that contain various stages of biogenic silica diagenesis. Because of combination of diagenetic processes and mixing with detrital materials, one may expect a chaotic geologic environment. Our focus was to examine the nature of lithology signals from well logs and ascertain the existence of long-range dependence and persistency.

Recorded gamma ray and neutron logs vs. depth, were used to examine the autocorrelation of sequential appearance of highly cherty intervals. Estimation of the Hurst coefficient as a measure of autocorrelation of the log readings vs. depth was also verified by Power Spectrum Density plots. We examined intervals detected from the mud logs with high concentration of glassy cherts and porcelanites. Our analysis detects a persistency in the lithology data in the intervals significantly affected by the silica diagenesis.
Flow of Gases in Organic Nanocapillary Pores of Shale: A Boundary-Driven Molecular Simulation Study
Authors: Kazemi Mohammad , Takbiri-Borujeni Ali
Published: April 2016

Modeling of gases flow in organic nanopores of shale is associated with complexities due to ultratight pores and adsorption capacity of the kerogen. The pore sizes in organic nanopores are small such that the mean free path of gas molecules become comparable to the characteristic length of the system. The objective of this work is to fulfill the need for the investigation of flow of different gases with unlike adsorption characteristics and examining the contribution of the adsorbed phase to total mass flux. In this study, adsorption and transport of three different gases, argon, methane, and neon, are investigated by performing the dual control volume grand canonical molecular dynamics (DCV-GCMD) simulation in identical setups of carbon nanocapillarys. The simulations are performed for two capillaries of of 2 and 4 nm in diameter for a wide range of pressures and pressure gradients. The velocity, density, and molecular fluxes of these gases are computed and compared with each other. Based on the MD simulation results, as the pressure of the system increases, the number of gas molecules adsorbing to the nanocapillary walls increases to reach a state of full single-layer coverage. Normalized velocity profiles with average gas velocities show that for all gases in both nanocapillary diameters, flow profiles are plug shaped. Furthermore, it is found that the Knudsen diffusion model underestimates the molecular fluxes in carbon nanocapillaries by one order of magnitude. This underestimation is shown to be a function of excess adsorption amount and it is not a strong function of the pore size or the pore pressure.
Revisiting Lisburne, a New Approach to a Mature Fractured Carbonate
Authors: Michie J. J. , Siks A. , Sauve M. A. , Wages D. B.
Published: April 2016

This paper is a review of new well design and completion technologies utilized in the 2015 Lisburne drilling program in context of the historical development, most of which occurred in the 1985-1991 timeframe. The scope includes a comparative review of the new well program and design, as well as preliminary results. Lisburne is a low recovery, complex fractured carbonate field. Since the 1980s, attempts have been made to make the field more productive, including waterflooding and limited infill drilling. In 2015, the working interest owners of the field elected to employ well technologies that have matured since the initial field development. A U-shaped well design, with a swellpacker sliding sleeve completion, and a multi-stage acid and hydraulic fracture stimulation was utilized in the 2015 program, while the majority of the 1985-1991 historical development was with vertical wells with acid stimulations. Initial results show an approximate 10 times improvement in productivity index (PI) compared to the average well, access of multiple drainage intervals, and ability to successfully execute multistage acid and hydraulic fracture stimulations.
Optimization of Wellbore Strengthening Treatment in Permeable Formations
Authors: Razavi Omid , Vajargah Ali Karimi , van Oort Eric , Aldin Munir , Govindarajan Sudarshan
Published: April 2016

Wellbore Strengthening (WBS) is an enabling technology to simplify casing designs, prevent costly lost circulation events, and complete wells with a narrow drilling margin. Given its effectiveness to help drill today's challenging wells economically, WBS has become a routine part of the drilling fluid design and the well construction process in general. However, the drilling industry still lacks a general model to optimally exploit WBS for various formation types and fluid systems.

In this paper, we have conducted a systematic investigation of the major parameters which affect WBS treatment in permeable formations. Large-scale fracturing experiments were conducted on two rock types with significantly different permeability and stiffness: Berea sandstone (stiff - moderately permeable) and Castlegate sandstone (weak - highly permeable). Several fluid injection cycles were carried out on each rock sample to characterize the Fracture Initiation Pressure (FIP) and Fracture Propagation Pressure (FPP). Further, we investigated the effect of Lost Circulation Material (LCM) - which are used for WBS purposes - on the FIP and the FPP. Also, we studied the effects of the concentration and the Particle Size Distribution (PSD) of LCM blends, the confining pressure, the stiffness and the permeability of rock samples.

The experimental results confirmed that the FIP is mainly a function of rock tensile strength and stress concentration around the borehole, and not affected by the presence of LCM. The FPP, however, can be significantly enhanced by adding LCM to drilling fluids. Further, FPP enhancement is largely independent of the rock stiffness. We also found that a minimum concentration of LCM is necessary for effective WBS. However, no significant additional enhancement in the strengthening benefits was observed for concentrations above a certain upper threshold. In addition, our results showed that a higher LCM concentration is required for effective WBS in formations with a lower permeability (i.e. tighter formations). PSD dominates the strengthening benefits of an LCM blend and, for both tested rock types, LCM blends with a broad bimodal PSD provide superior strengthening benefits compared to those with a unimodal PSD.

In this paper, we introduce design guidelines to maximize the attainable strengthening benefits of LCM blends. The findings of this paper are relevant to improve the construction of (ultra-) deep-water wells with a narrow drilling margin through systematic optimization of WBS treatments and minimization of non-productive time.
Static and Dynamic Comparison of Equation of State Solid Model and PC-SAFT for Modeling Asphaltene Phase Behavior
Authors: Abouie Ali , Rezaveisi Mohsen , Mohebbinia Saeedeh , Sepehrnoori Kamy
Published: April 2016

Asphaltene deposition is known to be one of the major problems in oil fields. Asphaltene precipitation and deposition from the reservoir fluid can block pore throats or change the formation wettability in the reservoir. Furthermore, asphaltene precipitation and deposition result in partial to total plugging in the wellbore. Recent studies have shown that PC-SAFT EOS is a more appropriate and comprehensive thermodynamic model for simulation of asphaltene precipitation. The main objective of this paper is to implement PC-SAFT EOS into a compositional wellbore simulator to model asphaltene precipitation. Flocculation and deposition models are also integrated with the thermodynamic model to simulate the dynamics of asphaltene deposition along the wellbore. In addition, the capabilities of PC-SAFT and common-used Peng-Robinson equation of state are compared through fluid characterization to reproduce experimental precipitation data.

The simulation results indicate asphaltene deposition profile and consequent decline in production rate. It is shown that the profile of asphaltene deposition is mostly governed by the precipitation condition and the deposition rate. Moreover, prediction capability of cubic equation of state is shown to give approximately similar results if additional precipitation data is available (e.g. lower onset pressure and maximum amount of precipitation). The prediction results of the developed tool are highly crucial to monitor the well performance, optimize the operating conditions of the field, and propose the remediation technique.
3-D Reconstruction of Porous Media From a 2-D Section and Comparisons of Transport and Elastic Properties
Authors: Naraghi Morteza Elahi , Spikes Kyle , Srinivasan Sanjay
Published: April 2016

High resolution, 3-D micro-structure images of rocks can be used to compute the transport and elastic properties of those samples using a digital rock physics approach. Those properties are complex functions of the pore size distribution, geometry and morphology, which necessitates the use of accurate 3-D volumes. Because of the limited availability of 3-D micro-structure images of rocks, several attempts to construct 3-D images from 2-D ones have been made.

In this study, we propose a new stochastic method to reconstruct a 3-D image of the rock using only a 2-D section of the imaged rock sample. Our method is based on a simple observation that the pores are gradually deformed from one section to the next one. Therefore, the first step is to generate multiple independent realizations by performing Multiple-Point Statistics (MPS) based stochastic simulations. These simulations represent independent 2-D scans through the rock volume. Next, a succession of images is generated spanning two adjacent independent sections. These images consist of gradually morphed features from one section to those in the next independent section. Juxtaposing these 2-D images results in the reconstructed 3-D image.

We calculate the spatial connectivity in the 3rd direction and confirmed that the proposed method can retrieve the connectivity in the 3rd direction accurately. We also compute transport and elastic properties from the reconstructed image and from the original image to verify that this method reproduces the appropriate spatial statistics and pore size distribution, geometry and morphology. We also compare the numerical results with laboratory measurements performed on the sample. The results obtained using the reconstructed image reveal that the numerically calculated properties are similar to the measured values. We compare the mismatch of transport and elastic properties with the original measurements with that of the previous reconstruction algorithm. These comparisons show that the proposed simulation method has the same accuracy as previous ones. However, the proposed method is much more computationally efficient than the other algorithms, mainly due to the faster MPS algorithm and the fact that the simulation is being done only for the independent layers instead of all the layers.

The proposed methodology is an accurate method to reconstruct a 3-D representative sample of a rock given only one 2-D thin section. The algorithm is computationally efficient and faster than the previously introduced algorithm, and can easily be used to characterize samples for which 3-D images are difficult to obtain in terms of both time and expenses.
Wind Erosion of Cropland in the Northwestern Tarim Basin
Authors: Zheng Zehao , Sharratt Brenton , Feng Gary , Li Xinhu , Pi Huawei
Published: April 2016

Core Ideas

The Tarim Basin is a major source of windblown dust in Asia and China.

No studies have previously documented wind erosion from cropland in Tarim Basin.

Wind erosion was measured from an irrigated cotton field and red date orchard.

Wind erosion from cropland is lower than from China's deserts.

Management practices must be developed to control wind erosion in Tarim Basin.

The Aksu region within the Tarim Basin is a major source of windblown dust in China due to the arid climate and vast areas under intensive irrigated crop production. Despite the importance of crop production to human subsistence and the local economy, little is known about the amount of soil eroded by wind from agricultural lands in the region. Passive aeolian sediment collectors were used to measure soil loss from an irrigated cotton (Gossypium spp.) field and red date (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) orchard in the Aksu Oasis during high wind events in 2012 and 2013. Mass of sediment trapped by the collectors was best described as a power function of height above the surface in the cotton field and red date orchard. Soil loss from the cotton field ranged from 0 to 142 g m−2, whereas soil loss from the red date orchard ranged from 0 to 71 g m−2 for single‐ or multiple‐day high wind events. Total soil loss from the cotton field and red date orchard, for the high wind events observed in this study, was 130 and 96 g m−2, respectively, in 2012 and 305 and 165 g m−2, respectively, in 2013. Soil loss was similar to that reported from agricultural lands in other regions of the world. Although soil loss is relatively small compared with the Gobi Desert in China, poor air quality in the Tarim Basin necessitates identifying crop and soil management practices for reducing windblown dust and conserving the soil resource.
Stylistic Analysis: Gender Influence In Reporting And Reading News
Authors: Yuliana Yuliana , Goeridno Rica S.W.
Published: April 2016

Salah satu media yang berpengaruh saat ini adalah harian. Setiap hari harian dibaca oleh banyak orang dimanapun. Jurnalis merupakan faktor utama yang penting bagi harian karena apa yang ditulis jurnalis menyampaikan makna dan juga mempengaruhi pembaca. Melalui artikel ini, penulis ingin mengetahui pengaruh jender dalam menyampaikan berita, bagaimana jurnalis perempuan dan laki-laki menulis dan apa perbedaannya. Penulis mengambil dua harian lokal, yaitu Jawa Pos dan Radar Surabaya. Penulis akan mengkaji dua topik berita yang sama, tetapi ditulis dengan jender berbeda, satu ditulis oelh perempuan dan satu lagi ditulis oleh laki-laki. Penulis akan mencari jawaban bagaimana mereka menulisnya dan faktor apa yang mempengaruhi mereka.
Interactive Narration in the Digital Age
Authors: Minfen Huang
Published: April 2016

Interactive narration based on new media has become important research topic for post-narratology. It features non-linearity and can be classified as person-to-person, person-to-machine, and machine-to-machine. In order to fulfil the potential of interactive narration, we have to deal with the contradiction between narration and interaction properly, and lucubrate the motive of interactors and the narrative effects on them.
Analisis Faktor Penyebab Berkurangnya Upacara Pernikahan Shinzen Kekkon di Jepang, Khususnya Daerah Kansai
Authors: Novianti Nalti , Dianto Edi
Published: April 2016

Modernization era has left some particular part on traditional ceremony because it is unpractice reason, like take too much time. It also happens on the wedding ceremony wich has many customs and tradition. One of Japanese wedding tradition is shinzen kekkon, this wedding ceremony is held for Shinto’s beliver. Article explores how is Japanese young generation opinion about their wedding ceremony, besides their knowledge about every part of the ceremony. On conclusion part, it is known that Japanese tradition has spirant in its process.
Chinese Classical Aesthetic in the View of Inter-Subjectivity
Authors: Haitao Zhang
Published: April 2016

In contemporary China, the theory of intersubjectivity causes great significance to the construction of modern Chinese aesthetic theory but this kind of transverse dimensions of space on the outside of the transplantation of theory gave rise to some bad effects to traditional culture and classical Chinese aesthetics. Article presents a qualitative method. Its purpose to conduct research on intersubjectiveness spirit of Chinese aesthetics and literature from the dimensions of the longitudinal time. The discussion will also cause a vital significance to the building of contemporary Chinese aesthetics in this direction.
A Brief Talk on American Cultural Values: Reflected on the Movie the Pursuit of Happiness
Authors: Temmy Temmy
Published: April 2016

America as one of world’s biggest developed countries has a very strong influence on global economy, politics, education, science, and military. America is also one of teaching Chinese as a foreign language destinations, therefore understanding American cultural values is very important. Article represents American cultural values based on a true story movie "The pursuit of Happiness". Research method applied was library research. It can be concluded that the characters, setting, and conflicts really presented the characteristics of American society.
The Non-Observance of the Conversational Maxims: An Analysis of the Dialogues in Arthur Miller’s the Crucible
Authors: Yuvike Yuvike , Winiharti Menik
Published: April 2016

Article deploys the application of Cooperative Principle in analyzing the dialogues in Arthur Miller’s The Crucible.The applied research methods were qualitative and quantitative methods. The dialogue of the play were transferred in the form of excerpts to the computer manually. Then the pplication of The Non-observance of the Conversational Maxims was analyzed and its occurences are counted. It is found that The Non-observance of the Conversational Maxims are applied in the play. The categories of The Non-observance of the Conversational Maxims that are applied are flouting the maxims, violating the maxims, and opting out a maxim. The most frequent category of The Non-observance of the Conversational Maxims is flouting quality by using metaphor while the least frequent one is flouting quantity.
The Portrayal of Indonesian Image in 2007 Kompas Selected Short Stories: Social Problems, Criticisms and Hopes
Authors: Akun Akun
Published: April 2016

Article aimed at exploring social problems reflected in 15 selected short stories printed in Kompas during 2007 both explicitly and implicitly. Specifically, this research is focused on the mapping of dominant social problems raised by the short stories, the social criticisms strongly voiced by the authors and the hopes of a better situation implicitly reflected in these interesting short stories. This study applies the Defamiliarization Effect promoted by Bertolt Brecht and Negative Dialectics or Negative Knowledge by Theodor Adorno, specifically in analyzing the literary works as a criticism tool. The result of the research shows that phenomena of social problems current lately in Indonesian context like identity, poverty, corruption, religious tensions, moral degradation, politics dirtiness, minority group problems, social security, natural disasters and the like are clearly seen and teased in these writings.
The Analysis of Differences and Similarities of Eastern and Western Women’s Images in Liang Sanbo Yu Zhu Yingtai and Romeo and Juliet Novel
Authors: Yenny Yenny
Published: April 2016

Sanpek Engtay and Romeo Juliet are the two famous classic love novels from Eastern and Western countries. They are liked by many generation of eastern and western readers. Both novels describe the image of women at each decade. Engtay represents the image of women at feudalism era while Juliet represents it Renainsance era. In this article, the writer did research at education, marriage, love, women's personality, and women's position at each decade. Library research was done in this study with the purpose of letting people know the differences and similarities of women's images between those two decades It can be concluded that in both writings, they have some similarities when describing love, mindset, and women's personality. The differences are about education, marriage, and women's position at feudalism and Renainsance decades.
Perbedaan Fungsi Penggunaan Modalitas Nakerebanaranai, Beki dan Hazu dalam Komik Chibi Maruko Chan dan Detektif Conan
Authors: Fennie Fennie , Novianti Nalti
Published: April 2016

There are many grammatical category in Japanese language, one of them is grammatical category in predicate. For examples is modality. Modality has divided into many kinds, for examples is toui modality and gaigen modality. Between toui modality and gaigen modality, writer want to analyze about differences uses between nakereba naranai 「なければならない」, beki「べき」dan hazu「はず」. Article analyzes this topic because the writer want to understand about the differences using toui modality and gaigen modality. For analyze, the writer use Chibi Maruko Chan 9 and Detektif Conan jilid 7, 9, 37 and 38 that used Japanese language as an object. The used methods in this article is descriptive analytic. As a conclusion, these modality can substitute each others. This substitutin is based on the situations and context.
The Way Of Narrative On The Novel Qinqiang
Authors: Qi Mo , Yingfang Zhang
Published: April 2016

Jiapingao’s novel QINQIANG is paid attention to by some experts recently because of the way of narrative. It is made up by 3 parts: primitive and life-streaming composition；the way of separated-perspective, the moving perspective,imagism；the development of narrative perspective. All these make Jia’s novel more perfect and unique. The way to study the novel is to use narrative theories, cultural analysis and close reading. In a word,Jia’s ways of narrretive in his novel QINQIANG has been in a new highland in China.
Chinese Learning Through Internet Inspired By Contructivist Learning Theory
Authors: Yan Huang
Published: April 2016

With the changing concept of education, there is growing emphasis on “student-centered” principle. This is one of the characteristics of Constructivist learning theory. On network teaching Chinese, Constructivist learning theory is indispensable. This article is the design of online Chinese teaching which is basic on the Constructivist learning theory.
Procedure Of Teaching Grammar Using Memory Enhancement
Authors: Susanto Herri
Published: April 2016

Teaching grammar has been regarded as a process of understanding from the context. It means a teacher teaches the pupils contextually more than just the rules. However, I have my own experience that teaching grammar methods must depend on the purposes of learning grammar. Some people learn grammar as a means to fulfill the syllabus needs for schools but other people learn grammar for special purposes out of school syllabus, such as for entrance test. For these reasons, the methods of teaching grammar should be different. The students who learn grammar based on the school syllabus probably needs longer procedure of learning that usually uses contextual teaching through listening, speaking, writing, and reading. Nevertheless, students who learn grammar for test need shorter procedure of learning such as memorizing. Therefore, I propose giving a workshop of teaching grammar using memory enhancement as another alternative teaching grammar method. This workshop would show the class that grammar can be learnt through memory enhancement process, i.e.; mind map, music, memory technique and drill to boost up students understanding for test preparation.
Analisis Makna “Iiwake Suru” Dan “Benkai Suru” Dalam Website Surat Kabar Bahasa Jepang Asahi.Com
Authors: Felicia Felicia
Published: April 2016

Verbs, particles, adjectives and conjunctions need to be understood well in learning Japanese. From a variety of verbs that exist, the author conducted an analysis of semantic field of the verbs "iiwake suru" and "benkai suru" which have the same meaning yet different usage. A literature review is applied in this study by taking data from a Japanese newspaper website asahi.com. The purpose of this study is to determine the function of the verb "suru iiwake" and "benkai suru" and to indentify when to use the verb "suru iiwake" and when to use the verb "suru benkai". After conducting ananalysis of three articles containing verb "suru iiwake" and three articles containing verb "suru benkai", the authors conclude that "iiwake suru" means both ‘argue’ and ‘do self-defense’. Besides, "iiwake suru" can be used in various types of articles. Meanwhile, "benkai suru" means both ‘do selfprotect’ and 'do self-defense'. In addition, "benkai suru" is used generally in law field especially those of related to court decision. "iwake" and "benkai" also have a similarity that is generally used with negative form.
Evaluating The Usefulness Of An English Course At Binus University: Freshmen’s Perspectives – Quantitative Approach
Authors: Asmani Almodad Biduk
Published: April 2016

Article examined the feedback and responses provided by Binus University freshmen students concerning their study experiences of taking an English subject, called English Entrant, as part of their compulsory English course program at Binus University during the odd semester of 2010/2011. The research was to find out whether such program has been useful and effective for these students in terms of the teaching quality, course contents and independent learning system commonly applied at Binus University. The research applied the quantitative approach with the focus on finding the general tendency of these students in evaluating the program based on numerical data. In the initial stage of the research, the writer selects the random sample of four to five English Entrant classes ranging from small to large number of students. The results are that the teaching methodology applied in English Entrant tends to be highly acceptable if the lecturers are more communicative and engaging with their students. The speaking format in the classroom is also more preferred by the students if it focuses more on the fluency and clarity rather than the accuracy. Lastly, the independent learning system is more likely to be appreciated by these students if it can provide the proper feedback and improvement for their English learning experiences.
The Usability Of Bridge-A Course Book Of Intermediate Practical Chinese At Chinese Department Binus University
Authors: Ruomei Fu
Published: April 2016

This article discusses about the usability of Bridge-A Course Book of Intermediate Practical Chinese at Chinese Department BINUS University. Based on research, lecturers and students agree that this book has fulfilled the requirements as classroom textbook for Intermediate level including grammar, vocabulary and reading text. However, some materials cannot be easily understood due to cultural differences. Therefore, in order to get the most out of the book, teachers are expected to explain vocabularies in its specific context and background, and select appropriate reading text that relates to Indonesian values such as religion and culture.
Binary Opposition And Multiculturalism Shown In The Struggle Of Mataram Kingdom Power During Reign Of Amangkurat I
Authors: Akun Akun , Ernawati Endang
Published: April 2016

This research aims to learn a potential and a struggle of the Chinese in clash of power during Amangkurat I (1646-1677) reign. The Chinese role was represented by Rara Oyi and her parents, Ki and Nyi Mangun. Literature study is done by applying binary opposition which is part of Post Collonialism theory. Analysis is done by showing evidences related to Binary opposition, which are good versus bad, man versus woman, powerful versus powerless, majority versus minority, oppressor and oppressed, rich versus poor, and love versus hate. It can be concluded that all aspects of binary oppositios and multiculturalism are presented clearly in Rembulan Ungu novel written by Bondan Nusantara.
Penggunaan Partikel で dan に Oleh Mahasiswa Program Studi Sastra Jepang Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar
Authors: Imelda Imelda
Published: April 2016

Japanese language is a language that has different sentence structure with bahasa Indonesia. In addition, particles or 助词 are also characteristis in Japanese. There are so many of them, causing the basic level Japanese language learners confused. Therefore, as a new study program, studies based on goyou or dai ni gengou shuutoku are conducted as a mean to look at the problems occured in Japanese language learning at UNHAS. This study used qualitative researchmethod. Population was taken from Japanese Literature, Faculty of Literature, Universitas Hasanuddin. Twenty two from second year students were the sample and randomly selected. Based on the results, the research concludes that the explanation of the use of particleで and に in Minna No Nihongo I was not all covered, especially on particle に . The explanation of the use of particle に, especially verb 住ん で い ます, 入り ます, 乗り ます, is very prone to errors. This is due to the verb is unfamiliar or infrequently used by respondents in the sentence. Therefore, teachers can fill insufficient explanation in the book, so that the error can be minimized. Whereas, errors/goyou occurred on particle で are more on the functions of the particle for the scope, places of activities, and abstract tools.
An Analysis of the Hanyu Pinyin Errors of the Indonesian Students
Authors: Ruomei Fu
Published: April 2016

Pinyin is a valuable tool for students who learn Chinese as a second language. Through years of teaching practice and observation, some errors in Indonesian students’ understanding and using in Pinyin were summed up, includingthe phonetic alphabet equated to the actual voice entirely caused the mispronunciation; lack of understanding in some special provisions in Pinyin caused the confusion of vowels “u” and “ü”; improperly placement of tone marks; did not understand the pinyin word-segmentation resulting in memory and understanding of Chinese based on Chinese characters instead of the word as a unit. These errors disturbed the accuracy of Chinese students’ pronunciation, caused problems in Chinese vocabulary understanding. It is very important for Indonesian Chinese language learners to lay a solid foundation of Pinyin and develop good habits in the use of Pinyin.
The Cooperative Principle: Is Grice’s Theory Suitable to Indonesian Language Culture?
Authors: Herawati Agnes
Published: April 2016

Article discussed how native speakers of Indonesian observed Grice’s maxims. One hundred conversations contributed in live talk show from varied Indonesia television channels were analysed. The results show that Grice’s maxims are fulfilled in many conversations. Nevertheless, in other situations, two kinds of non-fulfilment of the maxims are observed. First, the speaker deliberately exploits a maxim, which is suitable to Grice’s theory. Second, the speaker fails to observe but does not exploit a maxim, which leads to some interpretations of the cultural patterns of the Indonesian language: communicative politeness, high context culture and the needs of harmony in communication that are considered as the manifesting of Indonesian culture.
Students’ High Achievement on Learning Style Preferences in Chinese Department, Binus University
Authors: Go Yetty
Published: April 2016

Every student certainly demonstrates different achievement in her/his Chinese language learning process because every student has her/his own individual way to resolve their problems in learning. In learning process, student’s individual differences exist. These differences lead to different learning speed and learning style of the student. The purpose of this study was to investigate the high achievement students’ learning styles. This study was based on Reid’s learning styles theory and also uses Reid’s Perceptual Learning Style Preference Questionnaire (PLSPQ) to investigate student’s learning styles. The main finding of this study is that student’s learning style preference is group style. According to student learning style preferences results, students prefer to learn together with others or in group and learn in a more interactive way.
Efektivitas Pendekatan Komunikatif pada Mata Kuliah Menyimak dan Berbicara II
Authors: Astami Timur Sri , Ningrum Rosita , Budihardja Felicia
Published: April 2016

The previous research on Communicative Approach in language learning stated that there was a correlation between speaking and writing abilities, in which both of them belong to productive skill. By presenting effective results, the students’ speaking skills could be developed. Based on that previous result, this research was focused on between the receptive and productive knowledge, those were listening and speaking, especially on the respondents who were the beginners to know to what extent the level of their speaking competences. The research applied quasi experiment method without having control class to describe a learning process by applying communicative approach. Respondents were the second semester of Japanese department students, year 2012/2013. The research data was taken twice, in the pre-test and post-test time, as well as questionnaires to know the respondents’ results on the learning process. The results indicated that the average increase of class respondents’ achievement was 16.31 point, that was from 66.84 of pre-test score into 83.15 scores for the post-test. Questionnaires were used to know the students’ comments on the speaking class using communicative approach. It can be concluded that the results of speaking class using communicative approach is proven to be effective to develop beginner respondents’ ability to speak.
Kajian Kesantunan dalam E-Mail Permohonan yang Ditulis oleh Penutur Jepang dan Pembelajar Indonesia
Authors: Wahyuningtias Hani
Published: April 2016

Nowadays electronic mail (e-mail) is a communication tool that is often used in everyday life. One of the utilizations of e-mail is used in practical purposes such as making a request. This paper provided views on linguistic politeness in submitting an e-mail containing the request based on e-mail data written by native speakers of Japanese (J) and the Indonesian Japanese language learners (IJL). The data was analyzed using the theory of politeness expressed by Brown and Levinson. This paper focused on the strategy that what more likely was to be used by J and IJL in the expression of request. In the final part, it concluded the view about what should be considered in connection with the linguistic politeness in Japanese e-mail containing request. It was intended for learners of foreign language, especially Indonesian people, to know the limitation of politeness, so that IJL will not repeat the same mistakes in the future.
Correlative Analysis of TOEFL iBT Scores of Listening Skill Versus Scores of Business English Speaking Skill among Binus University Sophomores
Authors: Asmani Almodad Biduk
Published: April 2016

Article found out whether BINUS university sophomore’s TOEFL iBT scores of Listening skill are correlated with those of speaking skill. The research project was expected to result in the best teaching technique of delivering conversational tasks at BINUS University by using alternative approaches of integrated, isolated, or mixed skills. The research project applied the descriptive approach of quantitative method, and thus depends on numerical data. The research project examined the set of data under two skills of the same class groups, which were to compare the listening scores with the speaking ones. Then, the degree of correlation of the two skills was tested so as to find its significance. Interpretation and explanation of data was made based on the statistical results by using correlation research analysis. Based on the statistical results, the listening scores significantly correlated with those of the speaking skill, and there is a moderately linear relationship between these paired scores.
Kesalahan Struktur Frasa Subordinatif Bahasa Mandarin
Authors: Wikarti Aprilia Ruby
Published: April 2016

This research aimed to determine the misuse of subordinate phrase on the Chinese language learners. The samples of this study were texts written by fifteen 3rd grade students of Chinese Literature, Faculty of Humanities, University of Indonesia. This research applied qualitative approach with the method of error analysis. Result shows that five types of errors are found out; they are addition, omission, misordering, misselection, and blends. Omission is the most frequent error that comes up. Lack of understanding about subordinate phrase of the Chinese language is the most common reason of the error. To decrease the errors, students must improve their knowledge and competence about subordinate phrase of the Chinese language. They must increase the exercises and applications of the phrase as well.
Gaya Bahasa Enkyokuhou dalam Novel Nihon Kogyou Ginkou Karya Ryo Takasugi
Authors: Manurung Rudi Hartono
Published: April 2016

Research aimed to present conversations that were used mostly by subordinates (buka) to their superiors (joshi). The research applied qualitative method with interview and novel Nihon Kogyou Ginkou by Ryo Takasugi to understand the jougekankei concept in enkyokuhou figure of speech. Analysis used interpretative and descriptive method. It can be concluded that enkyokuhou has five functions. They are to emphasize claims, emphasize on demands, state indirect thought or passive request, state satire, and replace words or objects or events with another words.
The Translation of Indonesian Cultural Lexicons in the Novel Saman
Authors: Hilman Evert H.
Published: April 2016

Article was aimed to explore and identity the manners used by the translator in translating the Indonesian cultural lexicon in the novel Saman into English, and to find out which manners that contained the least semantic shifts concerning the problems of meaning related to cultural differences. Method applied was descriptive qualitative research by collecting and analyzing both the Indonesian and English versions of the novel. The samples were classified by Newmark four categories: loan words, cultural equivalent, functional equivalent, and addition. It can be concluded that there are only seven manners found from the collected data but only four manners used in the analysis, they are loan word, cultural equivalent, functional equivalent, and addition.
Fenomena Ikumen sebagai Salah Satu Perubahan Peran dan Identitas Ayah dalam Masyarakat Jepang Modern
Authors: Muhayaroh Iis
Published: April 2016

Article focused on the changes of father’s role within modern society due to social changes that was called ikumen. Ikumen is a social change that happens in the father’s role and identity in Japan in which now is appears a type of father who enjoys caring for children while working. Ikumen itself was made by media, and then it was supported by the government. The purpose of this research was to analyse the changes of father’s role and identity in Japan using Social Change theory by Anthony Giddens. This research applied qualitative method and by interviewing six ikumen who were members of NPO (Non Profit Organization) Fathering Japan. The research finds out that right now there have been many fathers who have desire to put family first. It is proven by the amount of fathers who have taken paternal leave in Japan.