bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is best practice followed in the labelling of medicines; evidence from a pharmacy practice setting
Authors: Janani Tharmalinga Sharma Jegath , Senadheera Savini Gunitha , Samaranayake Prof. Nithushi Rajitha
Published: May 2022

Background
Labelling of medicines can greatly impact the quality and safety of medicine use. Regulatory requirements of labelling must be met in a country.
Aim
This study was set out to assess the availability of vital information, and adherence to local regulatory guidelines as specified by the Guidelines on Labelling of Medicines (GLM) V1.0 of the National Medicines Regulatory Authority (NMRA), Sri Lanka in primary and secondary labels of medicines used in a selected state hospital.
Methods
An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on a random sample of 300 medicine labels using an online random number generator and considering the annual estimation list for state hospitals as total population (1032 medicines). A checklist was developed based on NMRA guidelines, selected medicine labels were obtained from the study hospital and were reviewed against the checklist.
Results
Among 300 labels assessed, 171(57%) were orals, 108(36%) were injectables, and 21(7%) were external preparations or local applications. Almost 40% were substandard medicine labels which did not include at least one of the essential information required by the regulations, and the strength was not indicated in the primary display panel of 5.3% of medicines. Further, 5.0% of labels of different strengths of the same medicine or different medicines of same manufacturer looked alike. However, 89.6% complied with the recommended format of the generic name followed by its pharmaceutical form and strength, and 84.0% specified its pharmacopeial monograph.
Conclusion
Although most labels contained basic medicines information, majority did not completely fulfil the regulatory requirements specified in GLM V1.0 which could challenge both quality and safety of medicine use. Divergence from the specified standards was observed throughout the study, which challenges the safe and quality use of medicines.
taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic ant subgenus Coptoformica Müller, 1923 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
Authors: Seifert Bernhard , Schultz Roland
Published: May 2022

A taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic ant subgenus Coptoformica Müller, 1923 is presented based on Numeric Morphology-Based Alpha-Taxonomy (NUMOBAT). Indicated by five morphological and one morpho-ethological character, all species of the subgenus Coptoformica form a well-circumscribed group of undoubtedly monophyletic origin. Standardized morphological character systems were described numerically to allow objective hypothesis formation by exploratory data analyses and testing by hypothesis-driven data analyses. NUMOBAT data on 25 characters were recorded in a total of 944 samples (largely nest samples) with 3660 worker individuals and 402 gynes. Further 250 samples were investigated by subjective visual inspection. Comparative tables and keys to workers and gynes are presented. Intraspecific polymorphism is shown to represent a big challenge in Coptoformica taxonomy and is extremely developed in the Palaearctic population of Formica exsecta in which occurrence of distinct, most certainly genetically determined morphs within the same nest mound is no rare phenomenon. With the exception of Formica bruni x pressilabris, no conclusive indications on interspecific hybridization exist in Coptoformica. The complete absence of comparative studies on nuclear DNA and the abundance of cryptic species are probable explanations for this low level of hybrid identification. Considering 32 available names, the survey recognized 14 good species, 15 junior synonyms and 3 names not interpretable to species level (Incertae Sedis). Taxonomic changes relative to the revision of Seifert (2000) were as follows: Elevation to species rank was performed in Formica longiceps Dlussky, 1964 and F. brunneonitida Dlussky, 1964 whereas F. caucasicola spec. nov. was described as new Caucasian endemic species. Formica fossilabris Dlussky, 1965 has been recognized as junior synonym of F. pisarskii Dlussky, 1964.
 
Nomenklatorische Handlungen
F. caucasicola spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: EFC74CC6-8FDA-4335-B902-E17C87AC8BB3
Besprechung / Review: "The natural history of burnet moths
Authors: Schmitt Th.
Published: May 2022

Besprechung / Review
Description of a new species of the genus Echinodera Wollaston, 1863 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and supplement to the weevil fauna of Kefalonia Island (Greece)
Authors: Germann Christoph , Schütte André
Published: May 2022

The revision of specimens which had been attributed to Echinodera cf. brisouti (Reitter, 1885) results here in the description of E. stuebeni spec. nov. The morphologically similar species Echinodera peneckei Stüben, 1998 stat. nov. is promoted to species rank, from a subspecies of E. brisouti. These taxonomic changes are supported by both, the comparison of the DNA barcodes of COI, and the investigation of morphological characters. The barcode of Echinodera peneckei is provided for the first time. In a first supplement to the faunistic list of the Curculionoidea of Kefalonia, seven further species are recorded here.

Taxonomic acts

Echinodera stuebeni spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FA93775A-0021-40CE-9280-14550A14BFF6
Shifts of prepotentials (with an appendix by Michele Vergne)
Authors: Nekrasov Nikita , Piazzalunga Nicolo , Zabzine Maxim
Published: May 2022

We study the dynamics of supersymmetric theories in five dimensions
obtained by compactifications of M-theory on a Calabi-Yau threefold X.
For a compact X, this is determined by the geometry of X,
in particular the Kähler class dependence of the volume of X determines
the effective couplings of vector multiplets.
Rigid supersymmetry emerges in the limit of divergent volume,
prompting the study of the structure of Duistermaat-Heckman formula
and its generalizations for non-compact toric Kähler manifolds.
Our main tool is the set of finite-difference equations obeyed
by equivariant volumes and their quantum versions.
We also discuss a physical application of these equations
in the context of seven-dimensional gauge theories,
extending and clarifying our previous results.
The appendix by M. Vergne provides an alternative local proof of the shift equation.
Groundwater quality assessment in proximity to solid waste dumpsite at Uruli Devachi in Pune, Maharashtra
Authors: Nihalani Seema A. , Behede S. N. , Meeruty A. R.
Published: May 2022

Industrialization and population growth lead to changes in the quantity as well as composition of the solid waste produced in a city. This further leads to environmental pollution and deterioration of soil as well as groundwater quality in many cities. Improper management of solid waste results in several challenges for the city inhabitants, predominantly those living around these solid waste dumpsites. If not handled properly, these dumpsites have the potential of polluting various air, water sources, land, and even vegetation. The current study was carried out for Uruli-Devachi dumpsite at Pune, Maharashtra with an objective to evaluate the groundwater quality and to confirm whether it is suitable for drinking. Samples of groundwater were taken from distinct locations including two bore and seven open wells for conditions before and after the monsoon. To ascertain the groundwater suitability for drinking, the physico-chemical characteristics were compared with Indian Standards. The chemical characteristics showed presence of excess chloride, BOD, TSS, zinc, and chromium, which can be attributed to landfill leachate joining the groundwater. The study shows that the borewells around the dumpsite are critically polluted and cause of pollution being leachate coming from the dumpsite. The periodic addition of the solid waste in the dumpsite shall further lead to deterioration of the groundwater quality in the surrounding areas; therefore, suitable steps are necessary to avert further aggravation of the problem.

HIGHLIGHTS Solid waste disposal causes various environmental and health problems in nearby areas. Determination of physico-chemical characteristics of water is crucial in assessing water suitability. Representative samples were analysed for different physical and chemical parameters. Evaluation of ground water quality revealed ground water quality in the study area. Study indicates an imperative requisite solid waste handling.
Um retrato fotocartográfico do envelhecimento em Portugal
Authors: Morais Nobre Itamar , Azevêdo Souza Élmano Ricarte
Published: May 2022

As mais diversas formas de evolução no âmbito da saúde têm trazido melhoriasna qualidade de vida de muitas pessoas ao redor do mundo. A expectativa devida subiu em vários países, segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde – OMS.Portugal é o quarto país na União Europeia com a maior percentagem de pessoas com maios de 65 anos, isto é, são quase 20% da população. Se a percentagem de idosos é alta, essa parcela da população terá novasnecessidades. Este é o desafio das administrações públicas. Fazer com que as  pessoas com uma idade avançada tenham condições de uma vida digna. Este ensaio fotográfico ajuda, a partir da Fotocartografia Sociocultural (Nobre, 2011) a fazer um mapa das condições de  vida dos idosos em Portugal. Visitamos as cidades de Lisboa, Coimbra, Nazaré, Fátima, Braga e Porto nos meses de abril e setembro de 2014, entrevistamos os idosos e conhecemos suas perspectivas de vida, suas histórias. Estas cidades estão nas regiões Central e Norte de Portugal, nas quais há uma maior percentagem de pessoas com idade superior a 65 anos. Em uma forma experimental com o uso de telefones móveis (smartphones), foram feitas 30 fotografias, das quais 10 foram selecionadas. É importante dizer que a Fotocartografia Sociocultural é um método de investigação nas Ciências Sociais e que faz a união entre a fotografia e a cartografia, cujas bases são a entrevista em profundidade e a observação participante para construir um mapa visual simbólico dos aspectos socioculturais, neste caso, sobre os idosos. Ou seja, fazendo uma reflexão sobre seus modos de vida. Será que este retrato feito por nós tem um paralelo entre o que dizem os meios de comunicação sobre essa parte da população? Como eles têm vivido atualmente em Portugal? São perguntas que tentamos responder com este ensaio fotográfico.
A crítica anticapitalista e o novo espírito do Capitalismo
Authors: Fernandes Freire Alyson Thiago
Published: May 2022

BOLTANSKI, Luc; CHIAPELLO, Ève. O novo espírito do capitalismo. Trad.Ivone C. Benedetti. São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2009. 701 p
Impasses do Cinema Surrealista Contemporâneo
Authors: Castelo Sander Cruz
Published: May 2022

Os filmes Império dos sonhos (Inland Empire, EUA/FRA/POL, 2006), de David Lynch, e Os limites do controle (The Limits of Control, EUA, 2009), de Jim Jarmusch, revelam os impasses do cinema surrealista contemporâneo, oscilando entre o excesso e a inibição. No primeiro, refilmagem de obra maldita reanima ciclo de adultérios e assassinatos em Hollywood. No segundo, homem executa na Espanha missão secreta minuciosamente planejada. Enquanto o filme de Lynch funde imaginação e realidade, o de Jarmusch as opõe.
Antropologia no Ciberespaço
Authors: Silva Darnisson Viana
Published: May 2022

Este artigo busca focalizar algumas problemáticas para abordagens de uma Antropologia voltada às novas modalidades de interação humana no mundo contemporâneo. Elas apontam para questões em torno de como lançar luz a novos saberes e fazeres etnográficos, tendo em vista as ambiguidades produzidas tanto pelos sujeitos observados, quanto pelos métodos e análises adotados pela Antropologia em ambientes da hipermídia e de novas tecnologias. Desta forma, faz-se um sucinto percurso pelos dilemas da autoria e da autoridade etnográfica no exercício do pesquisador, onde nos propomos a pensar as dimensões de apreensão ontológica do “real” / “virtual” da alteridade mediante o uso destas novas tecnologias.
Pós-Fordismo e Coworking
Authors: Zanon Breilla
Published: May 2022

As últimas décadas do século XX mostraram que as mudanças sofridas pelos processos de reestruturação produtiva pela qual passou a economia global deixariam reflexos evidentes no mercado de trabalho. Dá-se início a um ciclo onde novos modelos e dinâmicas produtivas introduzem a flexibilidade como um valor a ser internalizado e colocado em prática. É nessa tendência que o coworking aparece como uma nova forma de organização do mercado de trabalho capaz de aliar a flexibilidade aos desejos de autonomia e de liberdade de um novo perfil de trabalhador. O presente artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa de mestrado realizada entre os anos de 2013-2015 na Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU, a qual foi capaz de demonstrar, a partir desses escritórios compartilhados, os engodos trazidos pelos discursos de conquista da liberdade e da autonomia por meio de arranjos trabalhistas flexíveis, introduzidos por intermédio de uma reestruturação econômica que modifica a maneira não só de produzir a materialidade do mundo, mas também a dimensão simbólica que compõe a subjetividade dos indivíduos, no caso, dos trabalhadores nessa nova fase da organização dos mercados de trabalho.
Três Formas de Trabalhar a Irresponsabilidade
Authors: Marques Nelson
Published: May 2022

Três filmes, um brasileiro e dois americanos, trabalham de diferentes formas com o mesmo tema: a irresponsabilidade ao escolher, dirigir, filmar e exibir um filme contando uma história. Palavras chaves: Assalto. Vingança. Espionagem. Non-Sense. Pseudônimo. Alan Smithee. IMDb.
De Gatas Escaldadas e Ninjas Aborrecidas
Authors: Marchi Gianfranco
Published: May 2022

Esta análise aborda os aspectos negativos de dois filmes de super-heroínas realizados antes da hegemonia dos Estúdios Marvel. Aponta o sexismo das duas produções, que focam demasiadamente nos aspectos visuais e não no conteúdo. O objetivo é criticar o fato de que, apesar dos orçamentos pomposos, o resultado final é fraco, muito longe das raízes das histórias em quadrinhos das personagens Mulher-gato e Elektra. Palavras-Chave: Negativo. Feminino. Super-herói. Marvel. Sexismo. Produções. Orçamentos.
O Método Complexo e o Seu Tempero Vivo
Authors: Chaves Viviany Moura , Galeno Alex
Published: May 2022

A ciência na busca por respostas para compreender as diversas variáveis que cercam os humanos no universo cosmológico, reconheceu a necessidade de articular e religar saberes de várias áreas do conhecimento, implicando em recusar uma ruptura entre a cultura científica e a das humanidades. Assim sendo, conhecer o conhecimento é tarefa essencial de um cientista reflexivo, capaz de compreender o humano em sua complexidade. Acredita-se que a arte seja a chave para ir de encontro com a objetividade do conhecimento e aquilo que é de subjetivo do humano, pois, como já dizia Edgar Morin, em toda obra de arte há um pensamento profundo sobre a condição humana. A arte, em especial a literatura, pode ser considerada objeto de conhecimento e um meio adicional e potente para compreender os questionamentos profundos da condição humana, uma vez que possibilita um pensar voltado para a subjetividade do indivíduo ou da coletividade, rompendo assim com o pensamento pragmático. Dessa forma, pode-se alcançar uma forma de conhecer o conhecimento se deslocando de um campo para outro, realizando correlações entre as ciências, sendo a literatura uma via para tal movimento. Conhecer os limites da ciência nos faz refletir não mais sobre o que estamos buscando, mas onde queremos chegar. Nesse sentido, sujeitos reflexivos dispostos a encarar o método científico como uma estratégia ou ensaio, estão comprometidos com o pensamento complexo que está em constante construção e auto-organização.
Pensamento Pós-Colonial e a Problemática da Representação das Vozes Subalternas
Authors: Leite Maria Laís dos Santos
Published: May 2022

"Pode o subalterno falar?" é considerado um texto relevante não apenas para os estudos pós-coloniais, mas ainda “para os estudos culturais e para a crítica feminista ao indagar as formas de repressão dos sujeitos subalternos, interrogando a própria cumplicidade dos intelectuais contemporâneos nesse processo.”  (ALMEIDA, 2010, p. 19). A autora Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak é indiana e nasceu em 1942 em Calcutá, sendo considerada hoje uma das principais referências da epistemologia e das perspectivas feministas e dos estudos pós/decoloniais. A autora acadêmica e literária é uma crítica da interpretação histórica “falogocêntrica” - imperialista e marxista - para ela o feminismo ocidental “burguês” pode ser considerado cumplice do capitalismo internacional na opressão e exploração de mulheres do mundo em desenvolvimento. Para Spivak (2010), a tarefa do intelectual pós-colonial deve ser a de criar espaços por meio dos quais o sujeito subalterno possa falar para que, quando ele ou ela o faça, possa ser ouvido(a). Para ela, não se pode falar pelo subalterno, mas pode-se trabalhar contra a subalternidade, criando espaços no quais o subalterno possa se articular e, com consequência, possa também ser ouvido. Recomendamos a pequena e complexa obra para estudiosos das áreas de gênero e estudos pós/decoloniais de todas as áreas de atuação, especialmente das Ciências Sociais e Ciências Humanas, sejam graduados ou não, e também para não acadêmicos que tenham interesse pelos assuntos nele abordados.
Ciência, Objetividade e Conhecimento
Authors: Gledson Nogueira Moura José , Gabriela Silva De Souza Louize
Published: May 2022

Caracterizando-se por um modo de perceber e compreender a realidade a partir de teorias, pesquisas, regras, princípios, conceitos e métodos que lhes são próprios, a ciência foi se consolidando como uma linguagem universal, podendo ser vista como uma narrativa que se construiu sobre a vida e os fenômenos do mundo e que ao longo da história se estabeleceu entre nós. O presente texto tem como ponto de partida algumas inquietações, entre elas: o que é que a ciência tem? Será a ciência suficiente? A ciência é científica? Essas são as interrogações que nos colocamos para refletir e problematizar sobre ciência, objetividade e conhecimento. Palavras-chave: Ciência. Objetividade. Conhecimento.
Max Weber e a Análise do Processo de Secularização da Ética
Authors: Ribeiro de Matos Vitor Gustavo , Cândido da Silva Dr. Josué
Published: May 2022

A peculiar racionalidade presente na sociedade ocidental foi objeto de investigação de muitos estudiosos. Max Weber, em A Ética Protestante e o Espírito do Capitalismo, defende que elementos da esfera religiosa teriam exercido influência em um processo de racionalização da conduta individual. Ao analisar diversos aspectos das variantes surgidas a partir da Reforma Protestante, Weber 000observa uma tendência entre os puritanos a reformular seu modo de viver, focando-se no trabalho profissional e na acumulação de riqueza. Embora as raízes de tal forma de agir sejam de cunho religioso, aos poucos o fundamento dogmático se esvai, dando lugar a uma ética secular e independente, que resulta de diversos fatores históricos e fenômenos de ordem religiosa, como o desencantamento do mundo, ou então de ordem sociológica e filosófica como o fenômeno da racionalização e a iron cage; expor a relação entre os elementos citados e a mudança de caráter da ação racional posta em questão é o objetivo principal do trabalho. Por fim, busca-se apresentar a tese de Weber que essa lógica orientada à acumulação de riqueza per se é o comportamento ideal para o florescimento do capitalismo, tornando-se possível, desta forma, com base na obra de Weber, evidenciar a relação entre o produto ético da Reforma e o desenvolvimento do modo de produção capitalista.
Marcos Dantas Para a Cronos
Authors: Alkmim Rocha Filho Ruy
Published: May 2022

O professor Marcos Dantas da Escola do Departamento de Comunicação da UFRJ conversa com o Professor Ruy Alkimin, do Departamento de Comunicação Social da UFRN.
Drugs and Infodemic
Authors: Bravo Thais Ribeiro Pinto , Teixeira Rafaela Gomes da Silva , Elias Junior Alberto Calil , Nogueira Thaisa Amorim , Calil-Elias Sabrina
Published: May 2022

The first year of the COVID-19 pandemic brought critical scientific advances at speeds never seen before. The information from scientific studies won the world in news and social media. However, the spread of fake news provided an infodemic among a still unknown disease and no scientifically proven treatment. The present study aimed to evaluate the content and type of information on drugs indicated for the treatment of COVID-19 without scientific evidence in Brazilian social media. Two social media, Instagram and Twitter, were selected to search for drug information related to the prevention or treatment of COVID-19. The research was carried out using hashtags: #chloroquine, #hydroxychloroquine, #ivermectin, and #nitazoxanide for Portuguese publications in March 2020 and 2021. Descriptive statistic was used to present the quantitative data. In 2020, chloroquine was the drug with the highest number of publications in both social networks analyzed. The publications addressed the evidence of drug use and shortages, and the vast majority were considered correct information. While in 2021, ivermectin was the predominant drug cited on Instagram, while chloroquine was the most published on Twitter. Both drugs were related to “early treatment” and political and ideological content, classified as mostly disinformation. Thus, it is necessary to reinforce these social media guidelines to reduce the spread of health disinformation to the population. At the same time, health education in digital media is supported to ensure that the best information on management and care for COVID-19 reaches people and promotes their quality of life.
FRANK SVENSSON E O ENSINO DE PROJETO:
Authors: Magalhâes de Lima Carlos Henrique , Neres Tamara
Published: May 2022

O propósito deste artigo é produzir uma análise sobre o pensamento e prática do ensino de projeto de arquitetura na trajetória de Frank Svensson. Para isso, privilegiamos o período em que lecionou na Universidade de Brasília em dois períodos: nos anos 1970 e após a reabertura política do país; e nos anos em que contribui para a formação do curso de arquitetura e urbanismo em Luanda, na Universidade Agostinho Neto, nos primeiros anos de independência angolana. O conhecimento do território e seu conteúdo material é característica marcante na trajetória pedagógica e de projeto em Svensson. Em ateliers, isso resulta em propostas assentadas na experiência coletiva, configuradas em torno de ações extensionistas, no conhecimento histórico como fonte informadora fundamental, e na percepção das formas sociais e seus desdobramentos no ato de projetar.
PROJETO SONASTÉRIO
Authors: DINIZ JOAO
Published: May 2022

Esse artigo apresenta o projeto ‘Sonastério’, estúdio de gravação musical situado na região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, projetado pelo escritório Joao Diniz Arquitetura Ltda. A obra será descrita e analisada mediante o método ‘Sementes do Espaço: arquiteturas em Processo’ que é também o título da tese de doutoramento pela UFMG, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, que avalia essa e outras obras desse escritório de projetos. Esse método de análise foi criado, como um dos objetivos dessa tese, para explicar os procedimentos adotados pelo arquiteto, junto com seus colaboradores, em diversos de projetos, visando uma abordagem ao mesmo tempo teórica e pragmática das questões que promovem a realização de obras arquitetônicas. O método se desenvolve a partir do reconhecimento de seis etapas que ocorrem desde a fase anterior à concepção de determinada obra arquitetônica, até as lições deixadas em sua vivencia. Trata-se então de um método ‘hexa-temporal’ considerando e nomeando sucessivamente as etapas como: circunstância, gênese, desígnio, manufatura, vivência e legado. A aplicação dessas abordagens pode ocorrer em obras construídas respondendo a distintos programas de necessidades, e é possível reconhecer como funciona de forma distinta para cada projeto analisado. No caso do projeto ‘Sonastério’ o texto aborda as especificidades de um projeto que visa a uma adequada inserção na paisagem, buscando a criação de um recolhimento apropriado à criação artística; e, ao mesmo tempo, um exemplar desempenho acústico voltado para à execução e gravação musical, incluindo os espaços de apoio necessários.    

TEXTO
CICLO DE VIDA FAMILIAR E TRANSFORMAÇÃO DA HABITAÇÃO
Authors: Barbosa Matheus , Jorge Liziane , Benedetti Gustavo , Medvedovski Nirce
Published: May 2022

As Companhias Habitacionais (COHAB) impulsionaram o segmento da habitação popular no Brasil a partir de 1964, sendo parte de uma das políticas públicas mais expressivas do setor, com a materialização de milhares de conjuntos habitacionais de massa voltados para as classes de baixa renda. Exemplares do movimento moderno funcionalista, com unidades tipificadas e compactas, as COHABs acolheram a tradicional família brasileira na sua origem, entretanto, abrigam transformações profundas em sua estrutura física diante das novas demandas da sociedade contemporânea. Este trabalho identifica, à luz das modificações dos arranjos familiares, as demandas e as estratégias construtivas empregadas na transformação das unidades residenciais do Conjunto Habitacional Lindóia, localizado no município de Pelotas/RS. Em decorrência de transformações demográficas, sociais e econômicas, emergem novos arranjos familiares e modos de vida que rivalizam com a padronização arquitetônica imposta pelo empreendimento. O trabalho emprega instrumentos de Avaliação Pós-Ocupação (APO) de modo a decifrar, no cerne dos grupos familiares investigados, as alterações construtivas executadas e sua relação com os distintos estágios do ciclo de vida da família. O método empregado envolve coleta da documentação técnica das unidades, levantamento de campo, entrevista semiestruturada, análises gráficas. Cada uma das residências selecionadas para a amostra abriga grupos familiares representativos da sociedade contemporânea brasileira que buscaram, através de instrumentos de flexibilidade e evolutividade construtiva, adequações às demandas contínuas de modificação do espaço doméstico. O artigo revela, ainda, a capacidade tipológica do ambiente construído em abrigar estratégias de flexibilidade e ampliação, que poderiam ser aprimoradas com a assessoria técnica profissional.
ANÁLISE DA INTER-RELAÇÃO ENTRE A LEGISLAÇÃO URBANÍSTICA E AS ESTRATÉGIAS BIOCLIMÁTICAS RECOMENDADAS PARA A REGIÃO DE CLIMA QUENTE E ÚMIDO
Authors: Hamada Luciana , Regina Chaves Drach Patricia
Published: May 2022

As pesquisas na área da climatologia urbana identificam que a qualidade, a quantidade e a forma de uso dos espaços públicos urbanos são determinadas, em grande parte, por suas condições microclimáticas, e que aspectos como o tipo de superfície, a geometria do espaço e a presença ou não de vegetação são importantes para a qualificação do clima urbano nas cidades. A assimilação do clima urbano, conforto e desempenho ambiental, como aspectos a serem incorporados no planejamento urbano e na gestão das cidades se apresenta indispensável, devido à importância de se reduzir as consequências provocadas pela forma de ocupação no meio urbano. Nesse contexto, a ausência de instrumentos de controle urbanístico que orientem as áreas que podem ser ocupadas, com maior ou menor adensamento, e as que devem ser preservadas, como áreas verdes de proteção dos canais principais de vento, afeta negativamente a qualidade dos ambientes tanto internos, quanto externos. Por outro lado, o desconhecimento dos dados climáticos e de métodos dificultam a análise e a definição de diretrizes para o estabelecimento das estratégias bioclimáticas nos parâmetros dos instrumentos de controle urbanístico. Desta forma, o presente trabalho procura estabelecer inter-relações entre a legislação urbanística, a morfologia urbana e as estratégias bioclimáticas da área de estudo selecionada, por meio da análise dos cenários urbanos registrados nos mapas cadastrais dos anos de 1935, 1956 e 1975 e de simulação computacional da forma urbana atual, para análise térmica no meio urbano.
YoSoy132 y TodosSomosAyotzinapa
Authors: Fernández Poncela Anna María
Published: May 2022

¿Cuáles son los sentimientos que aparecen y destacan entre los participantes de un movimiento social? Esta investigación se centra en la información y datos de la evolución de las emociones y los sentimientos en la constitución, desarrollo y declive de dos movimientos sociales en México, en concreto, YoSoy132 (2012) y TodosSomosAyotzinapa (2014). Se exponen siguiendo un proceso emocional en el devenir de los movimientos, toda vez que se tienen en cuenta los diferentes enfoques existentes en su estudio desde los movimientos sociales y otras perspectivas. Para ello, se cuenta con información general y una treintena de entrevistas con participantes de cada movimiento, así como observación participante de estos movimientos que marcaron la historia reciente de México.
Electrochemical Aptasensors for Parkinson’s Disease Biomarkers Detection
Authors: Mikuła Edyta , Katrlík Jaroslav , Rodrigues Ligia R.
Published: May 2022

Background:

Biomarkers are characteristic molecules that can be measured as indicators of biological process status or condition, exhibiting special relevance in Parkinson’s Disease (PD). This disease is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder very difficult to study given the site of pathology and due to a clinical phenotype that fluctuates over time. Currently there is no definitive diagnostic test, thus clinicians hope that the detection of crucial biomarkers will help to the symptomatic and presymptomatic diagnostics and providing surrogate endpoints to demonstrate the clinical efficacy of new treatments.

Methods:

Electrochemical aptasensors are excellent analytical tools that are used in the detection of PD biomarkers, as they are portable, easy to use, and perform real-time analysis.

Results:

In this review, we discuss the most important clinical biomarkers for PD, highlighting their physiological role and function in the disease. Herein, we review for the first time innovative aptasensors for the detection of current potential PD biomarkers based on electrochemical techniques and discuss future alternatives, including ideal analytical platforms for point-of-care diagnostics.

Conclusion:

These new tools will be critical not only in the discovery of sensitive, specific, and reliable biomarkers of preclinical PD, but also in the development of tests that can assist in the early detection and differential diagnosis of parkinsonian disorders and in monitoring disease progression. Various methods for fixing aptamers onto the sensor surfaces, enabling quantitative and specific PD biomarker detection present in synthetic and clinical samples, will also be discussed.
The Role of microRNAs in Alcoholism: A Meta-analytic Review
Authors: Mohebbati Reza , Sadeghnia Hamid Reza
Published: May 2022

Introduction:

A growing body of evidence indicates that repeated alcohol exposure or withdrawal
from alcohol can result in persistent molecular and cellular adaptations. One molecular adaptation that occurs is
the regulation of gene expression, which is believed to lead to functional alterations that characterize addiction.
MicroRNAs (miRs) have been recently identified as master regulators of gene expression through posttranscriptional
regulation. The aim of this meta-analytic review was to evaluate the regulatory forms of miRs
during alcoholism.

Methods:

We used several databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science without limitations on publication
time. All studies were analyzed by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software.

Results and Discussion:

Six clinical papers with 243 alcoholic patients and 162 controls were included. In this
study, 1680 articles were initially reviewed and eventually, six clinical studies were included in the metaanalysis.
The results of the meta-analysis showed that according to the random model, the difference between
the upregulation and downregulation of central addiction targets was statistically significant, indicating that
most dopamine- or gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit (GABA)-related miRs are upregulated in alcoholics
(P: 0.00, CI: 0.149-0.439).

Conclusion:

This study strongly suggests that dopamine- or GABA-related miRs were mostly upregulated in
alcoholism. Our findings revealed that about 9% of miRs were downregulated in alcoholism, including miR-
567, miR-126, miR-1, miR-432, and miR-153. To identify other or specific miRs as potential biomarkers in
alcoholics, large-scale studies and more clinical work are required.
Discovery of Active Ingredients in Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on the Analysis
of Odor and Flavor of Compounds
Authors: Wang Dan , Lu Feng , Ai Li , Wu Chun-Jie , Liu Ziqi , Zhang Mengmeng , Zhong Ciping
Published: May 2022

Background:

The odor and flavor produced by a complex mixture of chemical components with different amounts and thresholds, which is the unique property for food and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). These compounds usually belong to mono- and sesquiterpenes, esters, lipids, and others.

Objective:

This review was aimed to demonstrate the extraction method and reliable technology for identifying the compounds responsible for their odor and flavor.

Method:

Summarize existing techniques for the analysis of taste and odor components and their characteristics, such as electronic nose (enose, EN) and electronic tongue (etongue, ET), which can separate the high-quality food from low quality, natural from artificial food in terms of unique odor and flavor.

Results:

Gas chromatography-olfactometry mass spectrometry (GC-O-MS), a technique coupled Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with human sense by Olfactory Detector Ports, has been successfully applied for screening the odor-producing components with representative odor for the food or Chinese medicine.

Conclusion:

This current review provides some guidelines for quality evaluation of food or Chinese medicine.
Trabectedin in Cancers: Mechanisms and Clinical Applications
Authors: Wang Jiali , Wang Pengfei , Zeng Zheng , Lin Caiji , Lin Yiru , Cao Danli , Ma Wenqing , Xu Wenwen , Xiang Qian , Luo Lingjie , Wang Wenxue , Shi Yongwei , Gao Zixiang , Zhao Yufan , Liu Huidi , Liu Shu-Lin
Published: May 2022

Trabectedin, a tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid, is the first marine antineoplastic agent approved with special anticancer mechanisms involving DNA binding, DNA repair pathways, transcription regulation and regulation of the tumor microenvironment. It has favorable clinical applications, especially for the treatment of patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma, who failed in anthracyclines and ifosfamide therapy or could not receive these agents. Currently, trabectedin monotherapy regimen and regimens of combined therapy with other agents are both widely used for the treatment of malignancies, including soft tissue sarcomas, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, and non-small-cell lung cancer. In this review, we have summarized the basic information and some updated knowledge on trabectedin, including its molecular structure, metabolism in various cancers, pharmaceutical mechanisms, clinical applications, drug combination, and adverse reactions, along with prospects of its possibly more optimal use in cancer treatment.
A Novel Glycolysis-Related Gene Signature Predicts Prognosis For Cutaneous
Melanoma
Authors: Zhu Lingjun , Zhang Lianghui , Chen Yi , Wang Yiwen , Kong Feifei
Published: May 2022

Background:

There exists a lack of effective tools predicting prognosis for cutaneous melanoma patients. Glycolysis plays an essential role in the carcinogenesis process.

Objective:

: We intended to construct a new prognosis model for cutaneous melanoma.

Method:

Based on the data from TCGA database, we conducted univariate Cox regression analysis and identified prognostic glycolysis-related genes (GRGs). Meanwhile, GSE15605 dataset was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The intersection of prognostic GRGs and DEGs was extracted for the subsequent multivariate Cox regression analysis.

Results:

A prognostic signature containing ten GRGs was built, and the TCGA cohort was classified into high and low risk subgroups based on risk score of each patient. K-M analysis manifested that the overall survival of high-risk group was statistically worse than that of low-risk group. Further study indicated that the risk-score could be used as an independent prognostic factor which effectively predicted the clinical prognosis in patients with different age, gender and stage. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed DEGs between high and low risk groups were enriched in immune-related functions and pathways. In addition, a significant difference existed between high and low risk groups in infiltration pattern of immune cell and expression levels of inhibitory immune checkpoint genes.

Conclusion:

A new glycolysis-related gene signature was established for identifying cutaneous melanoma patients with poor prognosis and formulating individualized treatment for them.
WITHDRAWN: Comprehensive Analysis of Cell Death Genes in Colon
Adenocarcinoma based on Multi-omics Data
Authors: Sun Mingjun , Sun Haiying
Published: May 2022

Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has been
withdrawn.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php

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Mitochondrial Targeting Peptide-based Nanodelivery for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Bossmann Stefan H. , Ehsan Sumia , Covarrubias-Zambrano Obdulia
Published: May 2022

Mitochondria are important intracellular organelles because of their key roles in cellular metabolism,
proliferation, and programmed cell death. The differences in the structure and function of the
mitochondria of healthy and cancerous cells have made mitochondria an interesting target for drug delivery.
Mitochondrial targeting is an emerging field as the targeted delivery of cytotoxic payloads and
antioxidants to the mitochondrial DNA is capable of overcoming multidrug resistance. Mitochondrial
targeting is preferred over nuclear targeting because it can take advantage of the distorted metabolism
in cancer. The negative membrane potential of the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes, as well as
their lipophilicity, are known to be the features that drive the entry of compatible targeting moiety,
along with anticancer drug conjugates, towards mitochondria. The design of such drug nanocarrier conjugates
is challenging because they need not only to target the specific tumor/cancer site but have to
overcome multiple barriers as well, such as the cell membrane and mitochondrial membrane. This review
focuses on the use of peptide-based nanocarriers (organic nanostructures such as liposomes, inorganic,
carbon-based, and polymers) for mitochondrial targeting of the tumor/cancer. Both in
vitro and in vivo key results are reported.
Dexmedetomidine Attenuates Spinal Cord Ischemia-reperfusion
Injury in Rabbits by Decreasing Oxidation and Apoptosis
Authors: Liu Bingbing , Liang Yatong , Huang Weihua , Zhang Hui , Zhou Daiwei , Xiao Xiaoshan
Published: May 2022

Background:

In brain ischemia, dexmedetomidine (DEX) prevents glutamate
and norepinephrine changes, increases nerve conduction, and prevents apoptosis, but
the mechanisms are poorly understood.

Objective:

This study aimed at examining the protective effect and function of DEX on
spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury (SCIRI) and whether the effect is mediated by
oxidative stress and apoptosis (with the involvement of Bcl-2, Bax, mitochondria, and
Caspase-3).

Methods:

Rabbits were randomly divided into the sham group, infusion/reperfusion (I/R)
group, and DEX+I/R group. SCIRI was induced by occluding the aorta just caudal to the
left renal artery for 40 min, followed by reperfusion. DEX was continuously administered
for 60 min before clamping. The animals were evaluated for neuronal functions. Spinal
cord tissues were examined for SOD activity and MDA content. Bcl-2, Bax, and
Caspase-3 expressions were detected by western blotting. TUNEL staining was used for
apoptosis.

Results:

With the extension of reperfusion time, the hind limbs’ neurological function in
the DEX+I/R group gradually improved, but it became worse in the I/R group (all P<0.05
vs. the other time points within the same groups). Compared with I/R, DEX decreased
MDA and increased SOD (P<0.01), upregulated Bcl-2 protein expression (P<0.05),
downregulated Bax expression (P<0.05), decreased caspase-3 expression (P<0.05),
prevented histological changes in neurons, and decreased the apoptotic index of the
TUNEL labeling (P<0.05).

Conclusion:

DEX could attenuate SCIRI in rabbits by improving the oxidative stress
status, regulating the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, and decreasing neuronal
apoptosis.
HERVs Role in the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis or Prognosis of Aging
Diseases: A Systematic Review
Authors: Prieto-Oliveira Paula
Published: May 2022

Introduction:

HERVs are human endogenous retroviruses, which represent
about 8% of the human genome, and have various physiological functions, especially in
pregnancy, embryo development and placenta formation. However, their involvement in
diseases is not well defined. Some studies have observed changes in HERV expression
according to age.

Objective:

Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to analyze their role in
pathogenesis and usage as diagnosis or prognosis biomarkers in aging disorders.

Methods:

In this study, a search on the Pubmed interface was performed for papers
published from January 1953 to June 1st, 2021.

Results:

45 articles have been included, which matched the eligibility criteria and
evaluated the following diseases: breast cancer, prostate cancer, amyotrophic lateral
sclerosis (ALS), osteoarthritis, Alzheimer's disease, immuno-senescence, cognitive
impairment, cataract, glaucoma and hypertension.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the results suggested that HERVs play a role in the
pathogenesis and can be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis or prognosis of aging
disorders.
Prospective Medicines against the Widespread, Emergent, and Multidrugresistant
Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen Candida auris: A Breath of
Hope
Authors: Ramos Lívia de Souza , Silva Laura Nunes , de Mello Thaís Pereira , Frota Heloísa Freire , Branquinha Marta Helena , dos Santos André Luis Souza
Published: May 2022

The emergence of the pathogen Candida auris is a real concern worldwide, especially
due to its multidrug resistance profile, besides the difficulties in establishing the correct identification
by conventional laboratory methods and its capacity of causing outbreaks in healthcare settings.
The limited arsenal of available antifungal drugs, coupled with the lack of momentum for the development
of new reagents, represent a challenge in the management of such a pathogen. In this
perspective, we have focused on discussing new, promising treatment options for C. auris infections.
These novel drugs include an antifungal agent already approved for medical use in the United
States of America, compounds that are already in clinical trials and those with potential for repurposing
use against this important fungal pathogen.
Noncoding RNA Databases
Authors: Allmer Jens
Published: May 2022

Diseases such as cancer are often defined by dysregulation of gene expression. Noncoding
RNAs (ncRNA) such as microRNAs are involved in gene expression and cell-cell communication.
Many other ncRNAs exist, such as circular RNAs and small nucleolar RNAs. A wealth of
knowledge is available for many ncRNAs, but the information is federated in many databases. A
small number of highly complementary ncRNA databases are discussed in this work. Their relevance
for cancer research is highlighted, and some of the current problems and limitations are revealed.
A central or shared database enforcing community reporting and quality standards is needed
in the future.
• RNA-seq
• Noncoding RNAs
• Databases
• Data repositories
A Brief Review on Proved Approaches for the Formation of Oxygen Containing
Heterocyclic Compounds through a Tandem Prins Cyclization
Authors: Ranjitha Kapilavayi Venkata Basava , Reddy BogguJagan Mohan , Sree Gonamanda Satya , Rao Ganteda Rama , Jyothi Daruvuri Nirmala
Published: May 2022

:

Prins reaction is a very useful and important reaction in the field of synthetic organic
chemistry. Prins cyclization is one of the greatest significant synthetic approaches in the total synthesis
of various natural compounds especially pyran and furan units. The addition of aldehydes to olefinic
compounds utilizing acid catalyst has become important for the industry.

:

Aldehydes and alkenes to give different products depending on the reaction conditions, yield an acidcatalyzed
reaction. Formation of Carbon-Carbon bonds is useful to produce 1,3-diol, 1,3-dioxane, β-
halohydrin and allylic alcohols and tetrahydropyrans by using this methodology. Now coming to the
point of tandem Prins cyclization, this method is very useful for the synthesis of fused compounds
and also for the construction of spirocyclic compounds such as tetrahydropyrans or furans. The present
brief review mainly deals with the development of the synthesis of oxygen-containing heterocyclic
compounds by using prins/tandem prins cyclization. This current review is focused mainly on
tandem prins cyclization’s reactions for the particular recent applications and what methods are used
for the construction of the oxygen contained heterocyclic compounds.
A Case Report of Non-puerperal Uterine Inversion
Authors: Arab Maliheh , Talayeh Maryam , Teymoordash Somayyeh Noei , Ghavami Behnaz , Mahmoodi Sheema
Published: May 2022

Objective:

Non-puerperal uterine inversion is a rare occurrence. The common etiology for this condition is uterine sarcoma, endometrial carcinoma, and myoma.

Case report:

This case is a 44-year old woman with a protruding malodorous vaginal mass, abdominal pain, and urinary retention. Total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingectomy was performed.

Conclusion:

Diagnosis of uterine inversion might be difficult and requires a high index of suspicion.