bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRADITIONAL CLASSROOM TO DIGITAL LEARNING: PANDEMIC PLAYED A MAJOR ROLE IN ONLINE EDUCATION
Authors: Raviya Hitesh , Upadhyay Tamanna
Published: April 2022

With the changing times and introduction of technology, everything has been advanced and modernized. The education sector also has had a great impact of technology on it. This paper tries to focus on the gradual change over the pattern of education from the traditional classrooms to virtual classrooms aided by Information and Communication Technology (ICT). In the current era, humans and electronic devices are inseparable and that makes learning easier and ubiquitous.
This paper aims to provide an overview on the beginning of ICT in India, impact of the pandemic in the Education sector and the transition of classroom approach, from teacher centric to student centric. During the Covid 19 lockdown, a pivotal role is played by the technology. The entire education sector was shut, and education has yet survived and thrived through mobiles, laptops, I-pads and Internet. There are several digital initiatives taken by the government of India in higher education which promoted ICT in education and encouraged students to study virtually using mobile phones.
VOCABULARY BUILDING WITH THE USE OF MOBILE APPLICATIONS
Authors: Vaghela Binny
Published: April 2022

Vocabulary is the base of any sentence. Vocabulary helps to enhance and improve Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing Skills. Nowadays, many reels and shorts of vocabulary learning are available and uploaded by the users of Instagram and Facebook. As we know that people of today’s era are very techno-savvy. They use social media throughout the day. Mobile Apps made vocabulary learning very easy. Many applications are available for android and iOS to develop vocabulary. Some of the vocabulary applications provide examples, meaning, synonyms, antonyms and images also. This will be very helpful for developing understanding of the vocabulary. It is not so easy to memorise each and every word come across while reading or listening. Conventional classroom teaching becomes monotonous and boring. In this age of digitalisation and technology, the student-centred approach is used in the classroom teaching and learning. Students likes to be autonomous and enhance their vocabulary and want to expose in the real-life situations.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF YOGA ON BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE IN COLLEGE ATHLETES FOCUSING ON A SINGLE SESSION
Authors:   Director of Physical Education, Government Arts and Science College, Modakkurichi, Erode, (Affiliated to Bharathiar University, Coimbatore), Tamilnadu, India., Sridar Dr. P , Palani S ,   Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of Physical Education, Government Arts and Science College, (Affiliated to Bharathiar University, Coimbatore) Modakkurichi, Erode, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: April 2022

Background and Aims: Yoga's positive effects on human systems have been thoroughly researched in recent years. One of the most essential is the cardiovascular system, therefore would like find out more about it analysis of the effects of yoga on blood pressure and heart rate in college athletes focusing on a single yoga session. Methods and Material: Fifty-five men college athletes were selected from Government Arts and Science College (Affiliated to Bharathiar University) Modakkurichi, Erode, Tamilnadu, India. The age ranged between 21-25 years. The participants were calm physically and mentally for 15 minutes. Then the Blood pressure and Heart rate were recorded by sphygmomanometer and pulse oximeter, respectively. After that warm up session and yoga session was carried out. Yoga session included many asanas. After performing all the asanas again measurement of Blood pressure and Heart rate was done. After that 10 minutes relaxation was given and measurement of the Blood pressure and Heart rate were again done. Results: One-way repeated measure ANOVA was used to see the analysis of the effects of yoga on blood pressure and heart rate in college athletes focusing on a single yoga session within the group. Bonferroni post hoc test, used to discover which specific means differed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 16. There was significant differences were found in SBP, DBP and HR at three time interval- Baseline, After Yoga and After Relaxation in college athletes with p<0.05 Conclusion: There were reductions in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate in college athletes focusing on a single yoga session at three time interval – baseline, after yoga and after relaxation.
Drag and Lift Characteristics of Different Handlebars and Front-Fairing Combinations Used in Two-Wheelers: A CFD Approach
Authors: Shaheen Ayyoobi Kalliyath  , Mohammad Zuber  , Satish Shenoy B  , Anand Pai
Published: April 2022

Two-wheelers with a total industrial volume of 50 million units over the past decade are one of the most popular modes of transport. Two-wheelers irrespective of the fueled engine or electric variant, are steered by means of the Handle-bar. The handlebar type and quality affects the operational characteristics of the two-wheeler as well as the physical fatigue of the rider. Handle-bar designs affect the parameters like ergonomics, maneuverability, rider comfort, and aerodynamics. The target of this study was to analyze the aerodynamic response of different handlebar types with and without the front fairings. To simulate the flow and optimize the streamline, Ansys-CFX® tool was used. In the study, focus was given to the frontal area of the two-wheeler without the rider. The key metrics considered for the aerodynamic analysis included the pressure distribution, velocity distribution, drag and lift coefficients. From the aerodynamic studies, the drag handlebar was found to offer the minimum drag while the clip-on handlebar offered the lowest lift.
An Experimental Investigation of a Small-scale Solar Updraft Tower in the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Khadersab Adamsab  , Eugene Vega  , Abdulhamid Hamdan Al-Hinai
Published: April 2022

Solar updraft towers (SUT) continue to attract investigations as to their viability as a technology for energy generation. In this study, the experimental method is used to investigate the behavior of airflow in a small-scale solar updraft tower structure in the Sultanate of Oman. A prototype solar updraft tower with a collector diameter of 1.7 m and a chimney height of 2.14 m has been built. The chimney is a 0.023 m PVC pipe with a collector inlet height of 0.07 m. The temperature distribution in the SUT and the velocity of air at the chimney base are investigated. The impact of collector inlet opening on temperature and velocity was also explored. Results indicate that heating generally occurs as air flows through the collector and cooling happens as air exits the chimney. Also, a reduced collector inlet results in improved temperature difference and consequently an increase in air velocity.
Aerodynamic Analysis of Unnamed Aerial Vehicle Serindit V-2 Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Asral  , Kaspul Anuar  , Agung Soegihin
Published: April 2022

Serindit V-2 is an unnamed aircraft by the Serindit Aero UAV research team. It has the ability to fly rapidly in order to compete in KRTI in the Racing Plane division. Although it has been successfully produced and able to fly, comprehensive research on aerodynamic of Serindit V-2 aircraft flying behavior has never been done before. Aerodynamic research needs to be conducted to improve the aircraft performance such as flying capability, air resistance efficiency and etc. This study aims to determine the value of flow characteristic such as coefficient of drag, lift, moment and pressure distribution based on fluid flow that occurs in the aircraft with variations of Angle of Attack and air velocity. The method used is CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) which is a computer-based numerical method and performed with an iterative procedure to predict aerodynamic characteristics and fluid flow phenomena on the aircraft surface. Simulations were carried out using Ansys Fluent 2017 software on the Serindit V-2 aircraft model sourced from the Serindit Aero Team. The result of the lift coefficient value is CLo=0.3666 and CLMax value = 1.42626 at α 13o. The CDo obtained was 0.0589258. While the CMo value obtained is -8.34 x 10-5.
THE STUDY OF INSOMNIA IN DIFFERENT GROUPS OF WORKERS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Micu (Dobre) Cristina-Elena , Arghir Ioan-Anton , Rugina Sorin , Arghir Oana-Cristina , Rascu Agripina , Mates Dana , Otelea Marina
Published: April 2022

To understand the contribution of the work-related and extra-professional factors on the risk of insomnia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey was prepared on a GoogleDrive form. The questionnaire was distributed online and collected data from 769 responders. The dependent variable was the presence or absence of insomnia. Non parametric tests and correlations were used to find the main predictors linked with a greater chance of developing insomnia. The onset or the aggravation of the insomnia was reported by 41.01% of responders. The maximum rate was in healthcare workers (42.01%). Significant direct correlations were found between insomnia and work load, fear for the inefficiency of the personal protective equipment, changes in workplace, procedures and working schedule, belonging to a vulnerable health group, general psycho-social strain and lack of social recognition. A significant occupational stressor related to insomnia was represented by the contact with COVID-19 patients followed by fear of developing infection at work. The personal perception of risk was found a composite indicator and it was the only non-occupational factor related to insomnia. The best identified predictors for insomnia consisted in work overload (OR=2.13, CI=1.7-2.5, p=0.03), occupations supposing contact with COVID-19 patients (OR=2.04, CI =1.7-2.3, p=0.01), belonging to a vulnerable health group (OR=1.53, CI=1.1-2.3, p=0.001), personal perception of risk (OR=1.26, CI =1.2-1.3, p=0.001) and lack of social recognition (OR=1.21, CI =1-1.3, p=0.02). The study highlights the main risk factors that should be avoided in order or to reduce the occurrence of insomnia and its consequences.
ANALYSIS OF THE ILLUMINANCE LEVEL IN A CLASSROOM FOR DIFFERNT SKY CONDITION
Authors: İnan Günaydın Tuğba
Published: April 2022

Nowadays, due to the decrease in renewable energy sources on a global scale, studies for the effective use of energy and reducing energy consumption gain importance. Buildings have an extremely important role in energy consumption. Educational buildings, which are used for educational purposes, are important in terms of both the duration of use and the comfort level of the user. While the aim in educational institutions is to increase the level of user comfort, the main target is to increase the efficiency in educational activities. In energy consumption, the rate of consumption due to lighting is quite high. For this reason, effective and appropriate design of natural and artificial lighting is important in terms of both user efficiency and minimizing energy consumption. In lighting design, natural and artificial lighting should be considered in an integrated manner. The design should be started by considering daylight as the primary energy source. The homogeneous distribution of light in the space is as important as the average illumination level in the classroom. The light should spread homogeneously in the space in a way that provides equal efficiency to every user. In this study, the illuminance level of a selected classroom in Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University Faculty of Architecture was analyzed. In the selected workshop, measurements were made in the 5 weeks selected in November and December, at different times of the day and in different sky conditions, when the artificial lighting elements were on and off. In the case of the lamp on, generally sufficient average illuminance level can be met in all measurement hours, while it has been observed that sufficient average illuminance level is provided by turning on the lamps in the cloudy sky condition.
The Effect Of Market Timing On Capital Structure In Non-Financial Companies That Do IPO (Initial Public Offering) on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2010-2017.
Authors: MANAN Mohammad Athian , KUPEFAKSI Mahatma , HASNAWATI Sri
Published: April 2022

Market timing theory (MTT) refers to the practice where the companies issue shares when the share prices are high prices and repurchase the shares when the share prices are low. This study aims to determine the effect of market timing on the company's capital structure and to determine whether there is a persistent (long-term) effect of market timing on the capital structure during the IPO period up to 3 years after the IPO. This study used a purposive sampling method and obtained 102 companies that conducted Initial Public Offerings on the IDX for the 2010-2017 period. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis, while research testing is done using eviews. This study also uses four control variables, namely profitability, firm size, asset tangibility, and growth. The results of this study indicate that market timing has a significant negative effect on capital structure. However, this study also shows that market timing does not affect capital structure in the long term.
Application Of Remote Sensing In Environmental Studies: A Theoretical Review
Authors: PIMENTEL Johnny Félix Farfán- , ARENAS Raul Delgado- , SANTILLÁN Shigueki Martín Shimizu , APARICIO Patricia Edith Guillén , PIMENTEL Diana Eulogia Farfán
Published: April 2022

The present research aims to perform a descriptive analysis of remote sensing and its applications in the various fields of human knowledge; although scientific and technological progress has indeed shown to reach an important development in the dynamics of natural and anthropic processes, which allows understanding their effects fully; thus, on that basis, multiple studies are conducted in the fields of spatial sciences, agriculture, geology, edaphology, oceanography, risk and disaster prevention, mining exploration, among others. Thus, this area of knowledge offers great potential for strategic planning, decision-making, and the development of environmental projects considering biodiversity and environmental sustainability. Consequently, remote sensing offers many possibilities for scientists and researchers to broaden their field of action and become familiar with the photo-interpretation of satellite images, which is very necessary for scientific work today. In the methodological part, documentary information, research works, scientific articles and environmental development projects supported the research developed. he research is of non-experimental design, descriptive design; in which a literature review was carried out in terms of remote sensing and its applications in environmental studies. The research results allowed us to obtain information on Remote Sensing in: Agriculture and soil conservation. Remote sensing has enormous potential for its application through concurrent disciplines that serve as a basis for decision making, as in the case of the agricultural sector.
The Influence Of Work-Life Balance And Burnout On Job Satisfaction
Authors: RONY Zahara Tussoleha , YULISYAHYANTI Yulisyahyanti
Published: April 2022

In the current era of globalization, the development of technology is so rapid, and the competition is so tight, it requires every individual to be able to improve his abilities and skills in order to improve his quality in the face of competition. The research was conducted to find out whether there is an effect of Work-Life Balance and Burnout on job satisfaction of facilities and infrastructure maintenance officers in the XYZ area. Data were obtained from 77 respondents from the entire population using primary data obtained through questionnaires. Data analysis is using descriptive statistics, instrument test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression and hypothesis testing using the IBM SPSS Statistics 24 Program. facilities and infrastructure in the XYZ area. This shows that the work-life balance felt by the employees who maintain the facilities and infrastructure of the XYZ area will be able to improve job satisfaction well and can increase work productivity; Partially, the burnout variable has a negative but not significant effect on the job satisfaction. This shows that the decreasing burnout experienced by employees who maintain facilities and infrastructure in the XYZ area will be able to increase job satisfaction well, and can increase work productivity.
Fish diversity of a spring field in Hopong Town, Taunggyi District, Shan State, Myanmar (the Salween River Basin), with genetic comparisons to some “species endemic to Inle Lake”
Authors: Kano Yuichi , Fuke Yusuke , Musikasinthorn Prachya , Iwata Akihisa , Soe Tin Mya , Tun Sein , Yun LKC , Win Seint Seint , Matsui Shoko , Tabata Ryoichi , Watanabe Katsutoshi
Published: April 2022

Hopong, a small town in the Salween (Thanlwin) River Basin, Myanmar, is located 35 km northeast of Inle Lake, a famous ancient lake with numerous endemic fish species. We surveyed the fish fauna of a spring pond in Hopong in 2016, 2019 and 2020 and identified 25 species. Of these, seven, including Inlecypris auropurpureus and Sawbwa resplendens, had been considered endemic to Inle Lake and at least three species were genetically unique. Eight were suspected or definite introduced species, including Oreochromis niloticus and Gambusia affinis. We were unable to identify a nemacheilid species of the genus Petruichthys, which would need a taxonomic examination. The Hopong area is being developed rapidly and, hence, it is crucial to conserve its native fish species and the freshwater ecosystems.
Drug therapy monitoring (TDM) of Digoxin: safety and efficacy review
Authors: Syahputra Rony Abdi , Harahap Urip , Dalimunthe Aminah , Nasution M. Pandapotan , Satria Denny
Published: April 2022

Digoxin was developed as a novel medication for the treatment of heart failure and atrial fibrillation (AF) 200 years ago. This investigation began with a PubMed and Google Scholar search for various papers using the terms digoxin safety and efficacy, digoxin in heart failure, and digoxin in atrial fibrillation. Digoxin should be administered at a dose of 0.5–0.7 ng/mL in individuals with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. Digoxin should be administered to decrease hospital readmissions, although SDC, creatinine, and potassium levels should be continuously maintained to limit the risk of toxicity. Digoxin may be used in conjunction with diuretics, spironolactone, ACE inhibitors, or beta-blockers. It is preferable to take digoxin on a regular basis. Digoxin should not be used in the pre-excitation syndrome because it can result in the rapid development of accessory route conductors, which can finally result in ventricular fibrillation. Due to the narrow therapeutic index of digoxin, it requires appropriate treatment and continuous monitoring.
An Empirical Analysis of User's Continuance Intention (UCI) towards Careem Mobile Application
Authors: Gharaibeh Malik Khlaif , Gharaibeh Natheer Khlaif
Published: April 2022

This study aims at constructing a theoretical model to discover the main drivers on the user’s continuance intention (UCI) to use the Careem application in Jordan. This study also focuses on exploring new factors appropriate to the Jordanian environment that can shape people's behavior towards adopting this smart service. Partial least square was performed to test the research model using 500 valid surveys. All constructs in this study were significant and accounted for 47.1% of the variance of continuance intention to use the Careem application. Careem user experience, E-word of mouth, financial benefits, and perceived platform quality are found strongest predictors toward intention to use at level (0.001). Two predictors were at level (0.01) including perceived enjoyment and perceived innovativeness. The findings also indicate that family confidence and women empowerment are the weakest effects at level (0.05). This article provides important information for future researchers in the field of technology acceptance, and more specifically in the field of mobile phone applications in terms of adding new variables that contribute to understanding users' intention to continue using technology. Some of the implications this study provides for designers and developers of mobile applications and institutions related to transport when providing mobile application services.
Un si long voyage
Authors: Raffinot Marc
Published: April 2022

Le management par les objectifs est apparu avant la Seconde Guerre mondiale dans les entreprises et s’est ensuite implanté dans la budgétisation des États. Cette pratique s’est développée au sein de sociétés ouvertes. Quoique la budgétisation par objectifs dans les pays industrialisés ait rencontré de nombreuses difficultés, beaucoup d’organisations financières internationales et d’agences d’aide au développement ont fait pression pour qu’elle soit aussi étendue aux pays en développement. Cette troisième étape pose le problème de la transférabilité des institutions dans des contextes différents. Nous examinons la manière dont réagissent les organisations des pays en développement à ce « modèle voyageur » et en modifient la signification et la portée.
How Artificial Intelligence Can Enhance Predictive Maintenance in Smart Factories
Authors: Pérez-Juárez María A. , Aguiar-Pérez Javier M. , Del-Pozo-Velázquez Javier , Alonso-Felipe Miguel , Rozada-Raneros Saúl , Barrio-Conde Mikel
Published: April 2022

The Fourth Industrial Revolution, under the name of Industry 4.0, focuses on obtaining and using data to facilitate decision-making and thus achieve a competitive advantage. Industry 4.0 is about smart factories. For this, a series of technologies have emerged that communicate the physical and the virtual world, including Internet of Things, Big Data, and Artificial Intelligence. These technologies can be applied in many areas of the industry such as production, manufacturing, quality, logistics, maintenance, or security to improve the optimization of the production capacity or the control and monitoring of the production process. An important area of application is maintenance. Predictive maintenance is focused on monitoring the performance and condition of equipment during normal operation to reduce the likelihood of failures with the help of data-driven techniques. This chapter aims to explore the possibilities of using artificial intelligence to optimize the maintenance of the machinery and equipment components so that product costs are reduced.
A Culture of Care
Authors: Kelley Demetri R. , Williams Michael A.
Published: April 2022

Institutions of higher education have unsuccessfully sought to implement equity-based practices that aid in closing opportunity gaps for underserved student populations. Utilizing the perspective of the student affairs profession, the authors provide data-driven and anecdotal evidence of strategies educators can successfully utilize to interrogate university structure, norms, policies, and practices that are misaligned with institutional mission, vision, values, and strategic goals. This chapter explores the changing paradigm of higher education and discusses how university personnel can work collaboratively to address equity issues by practicing empathy and care to influence institutional culture.
Mesoscale Modelling of Normal Bond Behaviour between FRP and Masonry Substrate: Effect of Mortar Joint
Authors: Zhao Tian Lin , Wang Xuan , Zhang Zi Hua , Jin Zhe , Wang Yi Jia
Published: April 2022

Fibre-reinforced polymers have been widely used to strengthen masonry structures which owning to their high strength-weight ratio and good durability. The interfacial strength between masonry substrate and FRP plays an essential role in the structural bearing capacity. Plenty of experiments have revealed that interfacial failure typically occurs within a thin layer of masonry near the bond line. The mortar joint's location in the masonry substrate sample influences the bond strength and failure mode and has not been thoroughly investigated. This work focuses on the effect of mortar joints on the normal bond strength and damage process in the pull-off test. The two-dimensional mesoscale finite element model is set up, and zero thickness cohesive elements (cohesive zone model) are inserted into the inner and interface between different materials. The numerical result shows that the mortar joint in the middle of the masonry substrate sample shows the largest normal bond strength, and next to the groove is the smallest.
Characterization of Cementitious Mortar Reinforced with NFRC for Load-Bearing Masonry
Authors: La Tegola Antonio , Mera Walter
Published: April 2022

The latest seismic events in Ecuador have allowed to verify some damage typologies on masonry panels of reinforced concrete buildings with frame resistant structures. Therefore, some theoretical and experimental research have been carried out to justify the intervention for repairing the damage to the masonry walls to give them a certain degree of shear ductility to provide for compatibility of the lateral deformations of the structure and of the masonry panels.
Polypyrrole/ Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube / Nickel Oxide Nanocomposites: Structural, Morphological, Optical and Composition Analysis Studies
Authors: Saleh Manal A. , Jawad Mohammed K.
Published: April 2022

Polypyrrole (PPy), functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (f-MWCNT), nickel oxide (NiO) nanocomposites (NCs) films did prepare by PLD technique. The weight percentage of PPy/ f-MWCNT varied from 1 to 5 wt.% whereas NiO fixed with 8wt.%. The nanocomposite films were characteristics by XRD, Raman, FTIR, SEM, and EDS. The XRD pattern shows that the films of (NCs) indicating the amorphous structure of PPy and polycrystalline cubic crystal of NiO and hexagonal phase of f-MWCNT. The dominant phase for (NCs) represented by (002) for f-MWCNT, NCs were shifted to different values of 2θ. Raman spectroscopy the characteristics peaks of (G-D) band at (1280,1320,1570,1610) and the intensity increases with concentration increase to the NCs. FTIR spectra of (NCs) films, refer that C2 has a prominent absorption peak at 1292 cm-1 and C4 at 1550 cm-1 indicated the spectrum of PPy/NiO and from C1 at 2360 cm−1 and C4 at 709 cm−1 indicated the spectrum of PPy/CNT. The morphological studies revealed that tubular surface structure at (C1, C3, and C5) and cluster branching in (C2, C4). It shows agglomeration particles and porosity for the surface of the (NCs) films. For all measurements, the (NCs) succeeded in making the nanoparticles (f-MWCNT/NiO) held together in the polymer (PPy) matrix indicating, that a good interlinkage between PPy, f-MWCNT, and NiO. Keywords: PPy/f-MWCNT/NiO nanocomposites, pulsed laser deposition, Nd:YAG Laser.
Influence of Freeze/Thaw and Alkaline Environment on the Mechanical Properties of a C-FRCM System Bonded on Masonry Substrate
Authors: Ombres Luciano , Verre Salvatore
Published: April 2022

The Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) system in the last two decades was used to strengthen and rehabilitate historical masonry structures as an alternative of the well-known Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) system. The FRCM systems consist of different types of fiber in form of fabric mesh immersed in a cementitious/hydraulic or lime matrix; they present better compatibility with the substrate and less limitations in heritage applications. However, the durability and the interaction FRCM-substrate under the artificial aging mechanism in aggressive environment is not well known. The paper reports and discuss the first results of an experimental program planned to investigate the durability of some FRCM systems. The effects of the freeze/thaw and alkaline environment on both the mechanical properties of the FRCM coupons and the bond FRCM-to-masonry substrate were analyzed by the results of direct tensile and single-lap shear tests.
Diagonal Compression Tests on Stone Masonry Wallettes Jacketed with Different Techniques
Authors: Guerrini Gabriele , Bruggi Andrea , Urso Santi , Quaini Marco , Penna Andrea
Published: April 2022

This paper presents a comprehensive experimental campaign performed on natural stone masonry wallettes jacketed with 14 different combinations of mortars, meshes, and connectors. After characterizing the mortars and the bare masonry, diagonal compression tests were performed on three specimens for each jacketing solution. The performance of a fiber-reinforced, high-performance mortar without reinforcing mesh was investigated, considering its application to one or both sides of the wall, with and without connectors. Then, two different fabric reinforced cementitious matrix solutions were tested, using unidirectional or bidirectional textiles. Finally, the effects of FRP mesh spacing, mortar composition, and connector type and density were explored on reinforced plaster applications. The test outcomes were analyzed in terms of failure mode, tensile strength, and corresponding shear deformation capacity. All combinations proved effective at increasing the tensile strength compared to the bare masonry, with ratios between 1.9 and 4.7.
Analysis of Linear Elastic Masonry-Like Solids Subjected to Settlements
Authors: Angjeliu Grigor , Bruggi Matteo , Taliercio Alberto
Published: April 2022

A linear elastic no-tension material model is implemented in this contribution to cope with the analysis of masonry-like solids in case of either elastic or inelastic settlements. Instead of implementing an incremental non-linear approach, an energy-based method is adopted to address the elastic no-tension equilibrium. Under a prescribed set of compatible loads, and possible enforced displacements, a solution is found by distributing an equivalent orthotropic material having negligible stiffness in tension, such that the overall strain energy is minimized and the stress tensor is negative semi-definite all over the domain. A preliminary implementation of the proposed method is given by adopting a heuristic approach to turn the multi-constrained minimization problem into an unconstrained one. Numerical simulations focus on a wall with an opening subjected to either inelastic settlement or standing on elastic soil.
Experimental Qualification of PBO-FRCM Composites for Retrofitting Masonry Structures
Authors: Guerrini Gabriele , Bruggi Andrea , Senaldi Ilaria , Quaini Marco , Penna Andrea
Published: April 2022

This paper discusses the experimental qualification process of Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) composites with Polyparaphenylene BenzobisOxazole (PBO) textiles. FRCMs consist of fiber textiles incorporated within inorganic cement or lime mortar matrices and have emerged as composite materials suitable for the retrofit of unreinforced masonry structures. The Italian Ministry of Infrastructures and Transportation and the European Organization for Technical Assessment have developed guidelines defining standard tests to certify the FRCM mechanical properties for qualification and acceptance purposes. This paper presents part of the experimental qualification results for PBO-FRCM composites with two PBO textiles (unidirectional and bidirectional) applied to two different masonry substrates (clay bricks and tuff blocks), considering tensile, bond and durability behavior. Direct tension tests were carried out on PBO textiles and FRCM specimens, with or without textile lap splices. Single-lap tests allowed determining the bond properties of both FRCMs on clay-brick and tuff-block masonry substrates. The stability of the tensile properties with respect to degradation induced by environmental actions was evaluated by performing direct tensile tests also on FRCM specimens conditioned in humid, saline, and alkaline environments, or subjected to high-temperature stress.
Natural Fiber Composites for Structural Strengthening of Constructions
Authors: Olivito Renato S. , Codispoti Rosamaria
Published: April 2022

Negli ultimi anni vengono studiate le fibre naturali di origine vegetale come lino, juta, canapa, basalto oltre a quelle derivate dal bambù o dall'ananas, per le loro molteplici proprietà. Tra i principali vantaggi che hanno, ricordiamo: la grande disponibilità in natura; sono rinnovabili, hanno una bassa densità e un costo contenuto, nonché proprietà meccaniche che li rendono interessanti per la realizzazione di materiali compositi fibrorinforzati. Sono utilizzati da tempo in vari settori dell'ingegneria: dall'automotive e aerospaziale all'ingegneria civile per la realizzazione di pannelli, pareti ecc. Attualmente l'attenzione è stata focalizzata sulla possibilità di utilizzarli come materiali di rinforzo su strutture in muratura. Il continuo e crescente interesse per la conservazione dei beni storici richiede sistemi di rinforzo di facile utilizzo e affidabili con relative metodologie di calcolo che permettano di valutare la capacità delle strutture murarie esistenti e rinforzate. Tuttavia, i modelli analitici applicabili alle strutture in muratura armata non sono stati sviluppati allo stesso livello di quelli per altri materiali da costruzione moderni. In particolare, esiste un divario tra i risultati sperimentali di elementi murari armati con sistemi innovativi ei risultati ottenuti da modelli analitici. Tutto ciò ha ostacolato un'analisi completa dell'approccio sperimentale che può fornire un prezioso contributo a metodi di progettazione eccessivamente conservativi per soluzioni di rinforzo innovative. Nel presente lavoro, al fine di validarne l'efficacia vengono mostrati i risultati di un'ampia campagna sperimentale per la caratterizzazione meccanica di compositi con fibre naturali e la loro applicazione ad elementi strutturali in muratura, in diverse condizioni di carico applicato e geometrie murarie. Parole chiave: Fibre naturali – Compositi – FRCM - Massoneria
Effect of Particle Sizes on some Mechanical Properties of Kernel Shell Reinforced Al-Mg-Mn Composites
Authors: Agunsoye Johnson Olumuyiwa , Anyanwu Joachin Eberechukwu , Bello Sefiu Adekunle , Hassan Suleiman Bolaji
Published: April 2022

Palm kernel shells (PKS) are wastes and are rich in carbon making them potential sources of reinforcement for composite developments. This work synthesised palm kernel shell nanoparticle and developed Al-Mg-Mn composites at different weight fractions of PKS particle additions. Structural and mechanical properties of the materials produced were studied. TEM result reveals an average size, 72.6 nm of PKS particle obtained after 74 hours of milling. Structural integrity of the nanocomposites was established by SEM. Tensile strength, hardness values and impact energy increase due to 10% by weight of PKS nanoparticle additions are 48.51%, 44.03% and 16.15%, respectively. The improvements in mechanical properties are attributed to firm structure containing Al and MnSi eutectic host harbouring well distributed intermetallic. Better properties of Al-Mg-Mn nanocomposites than micro composites are linked with the refinement of the PKS nanoparticles.
Calibration of a Rigid-Trilinear Cohesive Material Law to Describe the Matrix-Fiber Bond Behavior in FRCM Composites
Authors: Bertolli Veronica , D'Antino Tommaso
Published: April 2022

Fiber-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) composites have been increasingly adopted as externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) of existing concrete and masonry members. Being debonding at the matrix-fiber interface one of the most frequent failure mechanisms of externally bonded FRCM, the matrix-fiber bond behavior represents a fundamental aspect for the effectiveness of the external reinforcement. A cohesive material law (CML) that describes the interface where debonding occurs can be used to model the bond behavior observed. In this paper, a rigid-trilinear CML is used to solve the differential equation that governs the bond problem at the matrix-fiber interface of an FRCM composite. The CML adopted has peculiar characteristics that entail for a finite length of the bond stress transfer zone (BSTZ). Furthermore, it allows for a simple and accurate analytical solution of the bond problem. The analytical solution obtained is compared with the results of an experimental campaign comprising single-lap direct shear tests of a polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole (PBO) FRCM composite specifically designed for masonry substrates. Different calibrations of the rigid-trilinear CML are proposed, also considering the matrix-fiber free end slip.
Detection of GPS-levelling datum variation using heterogeneous data: A case study in Sri Lanka
Authors: Prasanna H. M. I. , Gunathilaka M. D. E. K.
Published: April 2022

Geodetic datum is a fundamental reference surface in positioning, and plays an important role in relation to the survey activities of a country. Sri Lankan horizontal datum was established in 1999 (SLD99) using GPS technology, and the vertical datum was fixed averaging 6 years of tidal observations from 1884 to 1890. This research investigates potential inconsistencies of Sri Lankan GPS-levelling datum. For the analysis, heterogeneous data such as long-term tidal, GPS, levelling, global geoid heights and Mean Dynamic Topography (MDT) around the coastal region were used. Tidal analysis reveals that the tidal MSL around the country is linearly varied with an increasing rate of 3 mm per year. By analysing GPS, levelling, MDT and global geoid heights, it is found that there is around 1.9 m vertical deviation in Sri Lankan GPS datum with respect to the latest realization of ITRF, and the MSL based levelling datum is capable of representing global geoid features.
Low-cost microfluidic electrochemical paper-based device to detect glucose
Authors: Fernando W. T. H. , Jayarathna H. K. V. S. , Kaumal M. N.
Published: April 2022

Continuous monitoring of the level of glucose is essential to maintain the health of a diabetic patient. The use of invasive methods to obtain blood samples to detect glucose is the current method, but such methods may not be preferred by patients. Non-invasive methods such as the determination of glucose based on saliva or sweat can be preferred by patients for continuous monitoring. A low-cost electrochemical microfluidic paper-based analytical device (µPAD) suitable to monitor glucose levels using sweat and saliva is introduced. This device is extremely low-cost due to the use of a paper matrix and varnish for the fabrication of paper. Pseudo-reference stainless steel is used with a working electrode anodized using sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate for the development of a three-electrode system. Cyclic voltammetric-based analysis of glucose with µPAD produced a linear response in the working range of 1-10 mmol dm-3 with a limit of detection of 0.058 mol dm-3. The detection of diabetic conditions using saliva and sweat is possible using the device by correlating to the blood glucose levels using prior literature data.
Postdiapause reproduction of spotted-wing drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in realistically simulated cold climatic springtime conditions of Québec, Canada
Authors: Cloutier Conrad , Guay Jean-Frédéric , Champagne-Cauchon William
Published: April 2022

Knowing the biology and ecology of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is important to predict its potential for permanent establishment in cold climatic regions. We studied the reproductive potential of postdiapause male and female flies collected in lowbush blueberry fields in late season over two years. After being submitted to a six-month cold-winter regime, survivors were exposed to a simulated springtime warming regime to monitor reproductive potential and expected population growth. Overwintered fly survivors of both sexes that were aged up to nine months after field capture reproduced successfully in spring and early summer when mated to nondiapause flies experimentally made available for mating as potential migrant colonisers from lower latitudes. Relative to control nondiapause flies, the lifetime fertility of postdiapause flies was reduced by 84% in females and 70% in males, revealing large fitness costs of reproductive diapause under cold stress. Modelling potential reproduction of overwintered flies in warming conditions using models parametrised for age-dependent fertility rate and diapause status showed that nondiapause migrant flies would be strongly advantaged over locally overwintered postdiapause flies due to precocious reproductive maturity, broader pattern of age-specific fertility, and higher lifetime fertility.
La comunicazione della verità al paziente: diritti e doveri nel nursing
Authors: Di Pietro Maria Luisa
Published: April 2022

Il diritto del paziente a conoscere la verità e il corrispondente obbligo di informativa da parte dell'operatore sanitario hanno subito nel tempo molteplici e controverse interpretazioni: questo è dovuto anche al modificarsi della relazione tra il paziente e l'operatore sanitario, che ai nostri tempi appare sempre di più fondata, anche fino all'estreme conseguenze, sul principio di autonomia e di autodeterminazione del malato. Nel presente articolo, partendo dall'analisi di un caso clinico e alla luce dei principi dell'etica personalista (il principio di libertà-responsabilità, la regola della fiduciarietà e della veridicità), della deontologia medica ed applicata al nursing, delle Carte sui diritti dei pazienti, si cerca di dare una risposta ai due principali interrogativi posti dal tema in esame: il paziente ha diritto a conoscere la verità sul proprio stato di salute? A chi spetta il compito di comunjcare la verità? Al medico, all'infermiere o a un familiare?
Analgesia peridurale e obiezione di coscienza
Authors: Sgreccia Elio
Published: April 2022

Non disponibile
La dimensione cristiana della professionalità infermieristica
Authors: Martini Carlo Maria
Published: April 2022

Il mondo infermieristico si trova al crocevia di tanti problemi e di molteplici discorsi. L'autore, partendo dalle situazioni concrete del nostro tempo, affronta il tema della professionalità infermieristica sul piano etico e su quello della fede cristiana. Egli individua alcuni punti di riflessione perché vengano valorizzate di più le profonde idealità che sono insite da sempre e per sempre nel servizio infermieristico. lnnanzitutto è necessario che il mondo infermieristico prenda maggiore coscienza dell'importantissimo ruolo svolto; diventa di conseguenza sempre più impellente la necessità di una formazione permanente. Inoltre, una reale collaborazione tra volontariato e mondo infermieristico diventa per un infermiere uno stimolo a vivere la propria professionalità in maniera più attenta a valori quali la gratuità e l'altruità.
Italia sanità
Authors: Fiori Angelo , Sgreccia Elio
Published: April 2022

Non disponibile
La diagnosi genetica sui lavoratori: recenti acquisizioni scientifiche, problematiche etiche ed etico-giuridiche
Authors: Mele Vincenza , Girlando Giuseppina , Sgreccia Elio
Published: April 2022

L'articolo si propone di suggerire alcune linee etiche direttive in tema di diagnosi genetica sui lavoratori alla luce dei principi della bioetica personalista, tenendo conto del contributo dei più importanti documenti giuridici europei e statunitensi. La riflessione etico-giuridica si muove sulla base delle recenti acquisizioni scientifiche a proposito dell'associazione fra status genetico e malattie professionali, e si basa su vari parametri, fra cui il grado di certezza di tale associazione, la gravità della malattia e le finalità del test diagnostico.
Etica delle tecnologie strumentali in medicina
Authors: Leone Salvino
Published: April 2022

L'offerta di nuove e sempre più sofisticate tecnologie strumentali in Medicina richiede una costante attenzione verso le implicazioni etiche che ogni nuova metodica strumentale comporta. Dette implicazioni vengono analizzate in rapporto al mezzo tecnologico, al malato che vi è sottoposto, all'operatore sanitario che ne fa uso, alla società che in certa misura ne condiziona l'uso. Viene infine analizzata la complessa questione del controllo tecnologico desumendo infine alcuni orientamenti etici conclusivi.
Youth Athletes' Parents' Perceptions and Knowledge of the Athletic Training Profession
Authors: Pike Lacy Alicia M. , Eason Christianne M. , Chu Emily L. , Stearns Rebecca L. , Casa Douglas J.
Published: April 2022

Context

Parents have unique roles in advocating for their child's health and safety. Such advocacy can improve student-athletes' access to athletic trainers (ATs), yet few researchers have investigated the perceptions of student-athletes' parents regarding athletic training.

Objective

To explore parents' perceptions of athletic training and evaluate their knowledge regarding the AT's role.

Design

Concurrent mixed-methods study.

Setting

Web-based questionnaire.

Patients or Other Participants

Parents affiliated with USA Football representing 36 states (n = 316: men = 53.5%, women = 46.1%; average age = 45.6 ± 6.2 years [age provided = 291]) were included.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

An online questionnaire was developed and distributed via Qualtrics. The questionnaire contained demographic questions, quantitative items assessing perceived value and knowledge of athletic training, and open-ended questions to provide opportunities for expansion. Descriptive statistics were calculated for the demographic data. Quantitative measures were presented as count and percentage responses. Open-ended responses were analyzed using the general inductive approach, and overall perceptions were supported with participant quotes.

Results

Of 10 763 parents, 390 completed the questionnaire (3.6% response rate, 74.8% completion rate). Of the 390, 316 had a child in high school. Approximately 67% (n = 213) of respondents considered an AT a trusted source of medical information and “extremely valuable” to student-athletes' health and safety. The questionnaire response injury prevention was frequently recognized (n = 307, 97.2%) as a skill ATs perform, followed by first aid/wound care (91.8%) and therapeutic interventions (82.3%). Parents highlighted the AT's role in immediate care and attributed peace of mind and feelings of comfort to having a health care professional readily available for their children.

Conclusions

When asked directly and when discussing their effect on student-athlete health and safety, parents valued ATs. Though various qualifications of ATs were recognized, parents emphasized the importance of having someone immediately available to provide care if and when needed. Educational efforts should focus on ATs as the most qualified health care professionals to provide comprehensive medical care to student-athletes in both urgent and nonurgent situations.