bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Framingham Risk Score and Coronary Artery Calcium Score: How Good they Relate
Authors: Johanes Nugroho  , Revi Adheriyani  , Ardyan Wardhana  , Makhyan Jibril Al Farabi
Published: July 2022

Background and Aims: Screening patients for coronary arterial disease can be through risk stratification using theFramingham Risk Score (FRS). Direct visualization of subclinical atherosclerotic lesions through coronary arterycalcium scores (CACS) can be an additional strategy. Therefore, we want to know the relationship between FRSand CACS in asymptomatic individuals.Method: A cross-sectional study involving 110 asymptomatic participants who undergoing health screening wasconducted in the National Hospital, Surabaya from November 2015 until January 2016. Risk stratification wasevaluated using Hard Coronary Heart Disease (10-year risk) outcomes model score and the Agatston–Janowitz’scoronary calcium score.Results: A significant positive correlation was observed between CACS and FRS (Spearman’s correlation coefficientr=0.51, P<0.0001). Age and systolic blood pressure were also positively correlated with CACS. Total cholesterolwas the only parameter that showed a negative correlation with CACS. No difference in CACS value was shownin gender and smoking status.Conclusion: There was a strong correlation between FRS and CACS in asymptomatic individuals.
A Cross Sectional Study to Estimate the Stature from Hand length in the Age Group of 18 to 25 Years in Telangana Population
Authors: K Srinivasulu  , B. Shruthi Reddy  , Sowmya Bhashini Popuri  , T Rahul Reddy  , Ram Prasanjith Reddy Bollampalli  , Sudheera Polavarapu  , Rishabh Chormalle
Published: July 2022

A Cross sectional study on correlation of length of hand in relation to the height of an individual was conductedin medical students of Telangana region in the age group of 18 to 25yrs during the period of January 2018 toDecember 2019. A total of 150 individuals among 75 males and 75 females were taken as participants in this study.Measurement of the Body part hand length has taken as distance between the proximal wrist creases to the tip ofmiddle finger, measured by using vernier calipers. The data was statistically analyzed by using SPSS (version-25)software.The formula for linear regression for estimating the height is y = a + (b x), y = dependent variable (height). a= constant. b = independent variable coefficient. x = independent variable i.e. length of the Hand. The linearregression formula for Right hand is y = 41.25 + (6.89 x) and left hand is y = 43.9 + (6.71 x). In case of maleindividuals the formula for Right hand is y = 68.77 + (5.47 x) and for left hand is y = 63.69 + (5.70 x). In caseof female individuals the formula for Right hand is y = 59.51 + (5.72 x) and for left hand is y = 63.63 + (5.48 x),standard error was 0.3, R square of 0.7 and confidence interval was 6.17 – 7.60, the data results show the statisticalsignificance the P Value less than 0.001.Calculated stature from the equation Y=a + (b x), is close to the actual height, only ± 5cm difference was observedin most of the individuals. Height of an individual is approximately 9 times the height of the hand length. Aseparate linear regression formula for male and female is more accurate and reliable.
Determinants of Incidence of Myofascial Pain Syndrome on Coffee Picker Farmers in Pulu-Pulu Village, North Toraja Regency
Authors: Loritma Lasarus  , Yahya Thamrin  , Atjo Wahyu  , Syamsiar S. Russeng  , Saifuddin Sirajuddin  , Agus Bintara Birawida
Published: July 2022

Myofascial Pain Syndrome is a muscular pain that are often encountered in humans due to non-ergonomicpositions during daily activities. In addition to the work position, Myofascial Pain Syndrome is also affected byindividual factors and other occupational factors. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with theincidence of Myofascial Pain Syndrome on coffee picker farmers in Pulu-Pulu village, North Toraja Regency. Thiswas a quantitativeresearch with cross sectional study method. Interviews were conducted on 45 respondents whowere coffee picker farmers which was obtained based on the total sampling method. Data regarding sex, age,working period, working duration were measured using questionnaire. Data regarding posture were measuredusing the RULA assessment sheet and data regarding the incidence of myofascial pain syndrome were obtainedthrough doctor’s diagnosis.The data were analyzed using SPSS 21 with the results of Chi Square test showed thatthere was a correlation between gender (p = 0.011), age (p = 0.000), working period (p = 0.017), working duration(p = 0.010), posture (p = 0.019) and the incidence of myofascial pain syndrome. While the Logistic Regression testshowed that the most significant and positive correlation was age and working duration. Writer would kindlysuggest farmers to take breaks periodically while working to relax their body.
Analysis of Motor Vehicle Accidents in Karnataka Between 2008-2017
Authors: Manashree Mane  , Ambulu V R  , Ajay Kumar. S  , Harshavardhan. V  , Akhil Navle  , Pradeep HV
Published: July 2022

Background: Motor vehicle collisions usually result in consequences like property damage, injury and death. Itcausesfinancial losses to the victim himself, families of the victim and to the country. Traffic collision often resultsin injury, death or property damage.Purpose: The objective of the research is to provide a better understanding on motor vehicle accidents that occurredin the time span of 2008-2017 in Karnataka.Procedure: The data obtained was secondary data from report of Ministry of Road Transport and Highways andCEIC Data Global Database website. This data was then categorised under India Premium Database’s AutomobileSector- table IN.RAF018: Road Accidents: Karnataka.Conclusion: From the data obtained it is seen that the rate of Motor vehicle accidents in Karnataka is still growingat a rapid pace.
Incidences of Minor Sexual Abuse in Sahibzada Ajit Singh (SAS) Nagar District, India: A Retrospective Study of 5 Years
Authors: Natasha Thakur
Published: July 2022

Background: The incidences of child sexual abuse are increasing nowadays due to lack of awareness, child neglect,misuse of social sites, family violence, and much more. The present study aims to determine the socio-demographicprofile of past five-year cases of child sexual abuse of SAS Nagar district.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 114 cases of child sexual abuse registered under the POCSOAct, 2012. The period chosen was from 1st January 2013 to 31st December 2017, located in the SAS Nagar District,Punjab. The data was collected through RTI from the SSP office of SAS Nagar. The details were pertaining tosocio-demographic parameters (age, sex, marital status, occupation, and profession), relationship with accused,place of incidence, the time interval between the date of incidence and date of reporting case noted in a selfdesignedPerforma.Results: There were a maximum number of child sexual abuse cases in 2017, 34 followed by 33 cases in 2015. Thecases of female sexual assaults (92.98%) outnumbered male sexual assaults (2.76%). The commonplace offense wasthe accuser’s house (22.80%). The most vulnerable age group was 11-15 years (46.49%). 51.75% of the alleged sexualassault victims were students. Unmarried victims were 97.36%. Most commonly, sexual crimes were committedby the person known to the victim (89.48%). Maximum numbers of cases were reported on the 2nd day of incidence(35.08%).Conclusion: Developing moral values and ethics among people in the transitional phase of cultural devaluationand organizing minor sexual assault prevention programs in ways that contribute to the community’s owncapacity to prevent this heinous crime is crucial as the biggest threat to the minors is not from the strangers butfrom the known and close ones.
Esthetic and Prosthetic Rehabilitation of Maxillary Lateral Incisor: A Case Report
Authors: Neetha J Shetty  , Sweta Pradhan
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The maxillary anterior region poses the highest number of aesthetic challenges in implant dentistryas any tooth loss in the region leads to bone resorption and collapse of gingival architecture leaving inadequatebone for implant placement. However, immediate implant placement and provisionalization has been a viableoption for replacing failing maxillary anterior teeth as it preserves the vertical existing osseous and gingivalarchitecture. A proper case selection guided by an appropriate step-by-step treatment plan can ensure the successof any immediate implant placement.Case Summary: This case report describes atraumatic extraction of a fractured right maxillary lateral incisor,followed by immediate placement of a dental implant in the prepared socket. Implant was successfully loaded andwas functional during 24 months follow up period. The patient exhibited no clinical or radiologic complicationspost operatively. Recall visits exhibited patient’s high-level confidence of smile with optimum satisfaction andsuccessful aesthetic outcome.Conclusion: Immediate implant placement into fresh extraction socket reduces the treatment time, cost, preservesthe gingival aesthetic and increases the comfort of the patient.
Gender Differences in Pain Intensity and Functional Performance among Older Adults with Knee Pain living in Suburban of Bangkok, Thailand
Authors: Pattaraporn Piwong  , Tiwaporn Junkhaw  , Ratana Somrongthong
Published: July 2022

Purpose of study: To investigate gender-related differences in pain intensity functional performance among olderadults with knee pain who live in the suburban area of Bangkok, Thailand.Method: This cross-sectional study recruited 220 older adults who suffering from knee pain, aged between50-65 years(male=79, female =141). A convenience sampling method was used to select the participants in thisstudy, each participant underwent an actual functional performance test such as TUG, 30CST, and completedself-report questionnaires consist of demographic characteristics, NPRS, and KOSADLS. An independent samplest-test was used as appropriate to determine gender differences.Results: Males and females had a difference in two aspects, females have significantly more pain intensity(NPRSscores of female:4.88 ±1.20; male: 3.99 ±1.27, p < 0.001), and poorer functional performance also more impairmenton a specific functional task such as KOSADLS scores (female:71.74 ±7.49; male:74.67 ±5.01,p< 0.01), TUGscores(female:11.66 ±1.11; male:10.81 ±1.06, p< 0.001) and 30CST scores (females:11.23 ±1.40; male:12.50 ±1.44,p < 0.001).Conclusion: The differences between genders regarding pain intensity and functional performance which areassessed by self-report measure and actual functional performance test, these two methods provide valuableinformation. The difference evaluation and preventive health care strategies based on gender differences wouldbe considered in Thai older adults with knee pain to improve their knee function and reduce the pain.
Clinical Course and Outcome of COVID-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Rizwan Yusaf Aziz A  , Kisan Khade  , Swati Sonawane  , Cherian Philemon  , Hritika Sharma  , Tanusri Tetarbe
Published: July 2022

Introduction: COVID-19 the deadly virus, was declared a pandemic by WHO in March, 2020 because of itsvirulent nature. It has been a piece of work to understand the mechanism of action and the disease pathology ofthe virus, due to its novel origin. The quality of healthcare is seen to be severely degrading during these times. Thetwo different types of COVID tests that are commonly available in the facility are RTPCR and Rapid Antigen Testor RAT. These help to identify whether the person is infected with the virus or not. With the current managementbeing successful in majority of the cases, we should also consider strengthening the existing modalities.Objective: To find the prevalence of COVID-19 patients and study their clinical course and outcomeMaterial and methods: Data regarding covid-19 patients was collected on basis of demographic profile by usinggoogle foms questionnaire at Dr. D.Y. Patil Hospital, Navi Mumbai.Results: A total of 500 patients were included in the present study with male preponderance with 61.4%. 99%patients were tested COVID positive, 73.2% had a history of exposure to COVID patients, 80% had a positive travelhistory, 99% lab tests were positive. 50.4% duration of the treatment lasted for 7-14 days. 67.6% were treated inthe wards, whereas, the remaining 32.4% were treated in the ICU. 19.6% patients required mechanical ventilatorsupport. 51% patients required oxygen therapy. 80.2% did not require intubation. All the patients were onantibiotics, and majority of the patients, i.e. 99.8% were on immuno-boosters as well. Antivirals were administeredin 80.6%. 82.8% were discharged with a negative swab. Out of the 17.2% patients with positive swab, mortality wasseen in 6.2% patients. 3.4% patients were referred to different centers, while the treatment of the remaining 7.6%patients was continued for a longer period of time.Conclusion: A stepwise perspective of non-pharmaceutical interventions, screening and testing procedures,implementation and compliance to distancing, hygiene measures and use of masks at airports, railway stations,other public places with pragmatic testing and tracing are effective measures that can be implemented. Worldwide

numerous clinical trials are taking place for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19. Although, there is a rapidcomprehensive expansion in regard to COVID-19 and few agents appear to be promising, there are no definitelyproven effective therapies at this time. Evaluation of several agents by Scientists and researchers are progressiveand commendable.
The incidence of Diabetic Cystopathy among Iraqi Diabetic Patients with lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
Authors: Saif AM. Abdul-Hameed  , Mohammed Bassil Ismail
Published: July 2022

Background: Diabetic cystopathy disease is one of the most important problems facing diabetics. Determining theprevalence rate is one of the basics to know the effect of hyperglycemia on bladder patients to provide them withthe best treatment services. And reduce the percentage of damage that occurs to the functioning of the bladderover a duration of disease.Aim of study: identify the prevalence of diabetic cystopathy among diabetic patients.Patients and methods: A cross sectional study were conducted from the first of Jun 2019 to end of December 2020.We selected convenient sample includes all Diabetic patients presenting with voiding dysfunction attending toprivate clinic of Dr. Saif al-haideri for urodynamic study and and who that meeting the eligibility criteria, datacollection by A structured questionnaire is developed to collect information from the participation after physicalexamination and Urodynamic evaluation was done.Result: The total study sample were 550 diabetic patients, out of them 112 (20.4%) were diabetic cystopathy.(56% male and 44% female) with mean age was 56.50±15.50 years. The mean duration of diabetic diagnosis was(13.7±8.25) years with 75% were more than 10 years, while (742.70±158.29 ml) the mean volume of bladder capacityand (87.35±81.82 ml/cm H2O) mean of compliance and without any statically significant association (p=0.120 and0.989 respectively).Conclusion: 20.4% of Iraqi diabetic patients have diabetic cystopathy, and without any statically significantassociation between urodynamic finding and duration of diabetic disease.
Secondary Data Analysis of Postmortem Records in PCMC Area to Understand the Burden of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Sharma Dharmendra  , Sinnarkar Vineet V.  , Suryawanshi Sailee S.  , Sonawane Milind V.
Published: July 2022

Background: There has been a global upsurge in the cases of non-communicable diseases, especially cardiovasculardiseases. Analysis of the leading causes of death in the community is very crucial in understanding and planningthe health care policies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the burden of myocardial infarction in PimpriChinchwad city with the help of the Postmortem examination record analysis.Methods: In this cross sectional study, the data related to 674 deaths in the period of 2019 to mid-2021 wasconsidered. The data was obtained from the postmortem examination records of the Postmortem Centre ofTalegaon Dabhade General Hospital. The obtained data was classified and analyzed with the help of descriptivestatistics in order to find the burden of the leading causes of death, especially of myocardial infarction.Conclusion: Myocardial Infarction was found to be the leading cause of death in the Pimpri Chinchwad arearanging to 33.38%. It was also seen that the deaths due to myocardial infarction was seen more in people of the agegroups 25 to 64 years. These can be prevented by changing lifestyle, diet and reducing risk factors like smoking,obesity and stress. The obtained result also indicates that there is a need for increased cardiac care facilities withmore cardiac ambulance and cardiac care centres in Pimpri Chinchwad city. The other leading causes of deathfound in the secondary analysis of the Postmortem records were death due to head injury (n= 142, 21.06%) andhaemorrhagic shock (n=70, 10.38%).
Simvastatin Toxicity Induces Alteration of Bladder Thickness in Interstitial Cystitis Rat Model
Authors: Z K Yusuf  , A D I Hasanuddin  , M N S Yusuf  , M T Posumah  , N Ibrahim  , R Tianggara
Published: July 2022

Background: Interstitial cystitis (IC) is a chronic inflammatory of the bladder, while statin can increase its risk.Recently, the exact mechanism is yet known. We hypothesizedsimvastatin can induce alteration of bladderthickness.Methods: Twenty-four female Wistar rats were aged 6-8 weeks old were divided into two groups and weretreated with simvastatin 50 mg/kg BW or carboxymethylcellulose 0.5% by oral gavage for 30 days. Each groupwas then equally subdivided into three groups: control, Interstitial Cystitis (IC) day-0, and IC day-3. Either ICor control rat group was induced by intravesical instillation of protamine sulfate or buffered saline respectively.All animals in the control and IC day-0 group were sacrificed and collected for the bladder tissue in less thanthree hours following intravesical treatment, while animals in the IC day-3 group three days after. All collectedtissue was prepared in hematoxylin-eosin staining and measured for the bladder thickness, namely the urothelial,suburothelial, and detrusor layer by image analyzer application.Results: There was no significant difference between the groups receiving simvastatin and placebo in thethickness of the urothelium, suburothelium, and detrusor layers in all rat models, both control, IC0, and IC3 rats(all p values > 0.05). However, the thickness of the urothelium layer was consistently lower in the simvastatingroup than in the placebo group in all rat models.Conclusion: Mechanism of simvastatin toxicity on bladder tissue through urothelial denudation thus may alterthe urothelial barrier function.
Fabrication and testing of polymer microneedles for transdermal drug delivery
Authors: Ebrahiminejad Vahid , Faraji Rad Zahra , Prewett Philip D , Davies Graham J
Published: July 2022

Microneedle (MN) patches have considerable potential for medical applications such as transdermal drug delivery, point-of-care diagnostics, and vaccination. These miniature microdevices should successfully pierce the skin tissues while having enough stiffness to withstand the forces imposed by penetration. Developing low-cost and simple manufacturing processes for MNs is of considerable interest. This study reports a simple fabrication process for thermoplastic MNs from cycloolefin polymers (COP) using hot embossing on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) soft molds. COP has gained interest due to its high molding performance and low cost. The resin master MN arrays (9 × 9) were fabricated using two-photon polymerization (TPP). A previous gap in the detailed characterization of the embossing process was investigated, showing an average of 4.99 ± 0.35% longitudinal shrinkage and 2.15 ± 0.96% lateral enlargement in the molded MN replicas. The effects of bending, buckling, and tip blunting were then examined using compression tests and also theoretically. MN array insertion performance was studied in vitro on porcine back skin using both a prototype custom-made applicator and a commercial device. An adjustable skin stretcher mechanism was designed and manufactured to address current limitations for mimicking skin in vivo conditions. Finite element analysis (FEA) was developed to simulate single MN insertion into a multilayered skin model and validated experimentally using a commercial Pen Needle as a model for the thermoplastic MNs. Margins of safety for the current MN design demonstrated its potential for transdermal drug delivery and fluid sampling. Experimental results indicated significant penetration improvements using the prototype applicator, which produced array penetration efficiencies as high as >92%, depending on the impact velocity setting.
Scapular pain in cervical radiculopathy: a scoping review protocol
Authors:   University of Colorado School of Medicine, Carmichael Joel , Weber Kenneth , Rubinstein Sidney , Svoboda Ellie , Bade Michael
Published: July 2022

Review question / Objective: Population: Extracted literature will be reviewed to select primary clinical studies that report on patients with confirmed cervical radiculopathy. Confirmation of the diagnosis of cervical radiculopathy must be through advanced imaging (MRI/CT – 1973 or later) and/or through surgical intervention (including literature prior to 1973). Studies and/or guidelines that pertain to the diagnosis or other characteristics of cervical radiculopathy will also be examined for relevance to the three stated aims of this scoping review. Concept and Context: This scoping review has three aims; first, to present an overview of the literature that describes scapular symptoms arising from cervical radiculopathy. Second, to identify and analyze published diagnostic models of cervical radiculopathy that exclude or ignore scapular symptoms to understand knowledge gaps. Third, to summarize the scope of extracted literature as it relates to implications for the diagnosis of cervical radiculopathy in clinical practice. For further context, see "Background".
Ensuring Electromagnetic Compatibility in Nuclear Power Plant beyond Equipment Qualification Tests
Authors: Grganić Hrvoje , Valjak Marko , Škorc Gregor , Romac Luka
Published: July 2022

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is defined as the capability of equipment or system to function satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environment without introducing intolerable electromagnetic disturbances to anything in that same environment [1]. EMC regulatory requirements for instrumentation and control (I&C) equipment were not developed or in effect until the last few years. Therefore, there is a considerable number of plant equipment that has not been qualified for EMC. The current EMC regulatory requirements address new and modified equipment only, and do not call for testing of existing equipment. There is a gap, which has to be overcome, in order to understand the current level of EMC within the plant. Equipment qualification normally implies formal tests in EMC chambers, which is not practical for the equipment already installed. This paper is a short overview of the preparation phase of a project that includes various EMC-related activities currently being performed in Krško nuclear power plant (NPP). The activities are categorized into two main groups: equipment immunity (susceptibility) tests, used as an assessment of the immunity of the existing equipment such as process cabinets, transmitters and similar, and zone mapping measurements, which are performed to record the electromagnetic environment of the selected plant areas. There is no clear, detailed and unambiguous guidance on how to perform any of these tests. It takes a lot of engineering judgement to optimize them for a specific plant. Some of the most important questions addressed in this paper are 1) the selection of the plant areas for zone mapping measurements and susceptible equipment to be tested for immunity, 2) choice of electromagnetic disturbances, which shall be simulated during those tests, and 3) practical performance, i.e. harmonization of immunity tests with operation of other plant systems. It is necessary to decide which operation mode poses the “worst-case”, i.e. how and when the immunity tests and zone mapping measurement should be performed. The paper also addresses troubleshooting of poor EMC design and installation practices, which can significantly reduce the number of EMC-related problems in a plant.
Influence of Spacer Grids Homogenization on Core Reactivity and Axial Power Distribution
Authors: Ječmenica Radomir , Grgić Davor , Matijević Mario
Published: July 2022

The paper presents the influence of spacer grid homogenization during cross section generation on core reactivity and axial power distribution. Homogenization calculation was performed at fuel assembly level using FA2D code. The first approach is to smear uniformly all centrally located spacer grids along 120 inches of fuel assembly and carry out 2D transport calculation. The second approach is to smear spacer grid within 6 inches of fuel assembly and perform homogenization calculation. That composition is then assigned to closest 6 in axial subdivision of the core calculation. The last analysed option is to do additional localization of spacer grids and carry out homogenization within 2 inches of fuel assembly height. The additional subdivision is afterward performed of the closest regular axial core subdivision in nodal core calculation. The core calculation was performed using modified PARCS 2.5 code for NPP Krško cycle 29. The normalized axial power distributions obtained by PARCS for three different ways of spacer grid homogenization are then compared to quantify the influence of modelling. Similar comparison was performed for critical boron concentration. As expected larger influence is present for axial power distribution (more details for fine localization), with some influence on axial power offset and global reactivity.
Effectiveness of SFP Spray Cooling during Loss of Coolant Accidents
Authors: Grgić Davor , Đaković Josip , Šadek Siniša , Vlahović Štefica
Published: July 2022

For a large Spent Fuel Pool (SFP) loss of coolant accidents, properly sized SFP spray can slowdown or possibly preclude fast heat-up of spent fuel. The MELCOR 2.1 model of NPP Krsko pool was developed and tested for cases of loss of cooling accidents. The simple spray system with spray nozzles distributed at specified location at the top of the pool was added to the model. Different loss of coolant rates where studied for different fuel heat loadings, and different openings and flow rates of the spray nozzles. Traditionally, spray nozzles able to produce larger diameter droplets are used close to the fuel locations with higher heat loadings. According to preliminary results, spray nozzles that will be installed are able to limit or delay long-term heat-up of the spent fuel, but in the case of late actuation it is possible to have temporary high oxidation rates and corresponding production of hydrogen.
Leopard Syndrome. Familial cases
Authors:   Pediatric Clinic Hospital, Sibiu, Romania, Iurian Sorin Ioan , Brunner Han ,   Departament of Metabolic and Genetic Disorders, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Nederlands, Yntema Helger ,   Departament of Metabolic and Genetic Disorders, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Nederlands, Mehedintu Bogdan ,   Emergency Department, Pediatric Clinic Hospital, Sibiu, Romania
Published: July 2022

LEOPARD syndrome is a complex disorder characterized by multiple dysmorphogenetic features. Both syndromes LEOPARD and Noonan are caused by different mutations in the same gene (PTPN11). Authors emphasize diagnosis peculiarities in two related cases with facial dysmorphism. Index case is represented by a 10 year-old boy admitted for evaluation because of cephalofacial dysmorphism associated with mental disabilities. Family history: non-consanguineous parents; the father’s case and his sister with face dysmorphism. Clinical exam: short stature, impaired nutritional status, axillary freckles, widespread café-au-lait spots, face dysmorphism, webbed neck, skeletal anomalies and mental retardation. Blood investigations and cardiac ultrasonography: no anomalies. Differential diagnosis includes Noonan syndrome, Greig syndrome, type 1 neurofibromatosis, Albright syndrome. Regarding patient genetic evaluation: normal karyotype; DNA sequencing revealed mutation in PTPN11 gene suggestive for LEOPARD syndrome. Authors also found same mutation for probant’s father. Conclusions. Authors described two cases with dysmorphic skull, skeletal anomalies, skin pigmentation, mental disabilities and short stature, justifying further genetic evaluation that revealed a very rare disorder.
Diabetul zaharat din fibroza chisticǎ (mucoviscidozǎ)
Authors:   Secţia clinicǎ Pediatrie III, Universitatea de Medicinǎ şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, România, Anton-Pǎduraru Dana-Teodora , Oltean Carmen ,   Spitalul de Urgenţe pentru Copii „Sf. Maria“, Universitatea de Medicinǎ şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, România, Iliescu Maria-Liliana ,   Departamentul de Sǎnǎtate publicǎ şi Management sanitar, Universitatea de Medicinǎ şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, România, Baciu Ginel ,   Facultatea de Medicinǎ – Clinica I, Pediatrie, Universitatea „Dunǎrea de Jos“, Galaţi, România, Trandafir Laura Mihaela ,   Secţia clinicǎ Pediatrie III, Universitatea de Medicinǎ şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, România
Published: July 2022

Diabetul asociat fibrozei chistice este o entitate distinctǎ comparativ cu diabetul zaharat tip 1 şi 2, dar care are şi simptome caracteristice acestora. Odatǎ cu prelungirea speranţei de viaţǎ, şi prevalenţa diabetului a crescut, asociindu-se cu un declin mai sever al funcţiei pulmonare şi cu stare nutriţionalǎ mai precarǎ comparativ cu ale pacienţilor cu fibrozǎ chisticǎ, dar fǎrǎ diabet. Autorii prezintǎ date actuale cu privire la prevalenţa şi fiziopatologia bolii, tabloul clinic, examenele utile în stabilirea diagnosticului, posibilitǎţile terapeutice şi prognosticul bolii. Concluzionǎm cǎ diagnosticarea precoce şi intervenţiile terapeutice adecvate pot diminua impactul negativ al diabetului asupra funcţiei pulmonare şi satusului nutriţional în FC.
Afectarea hepatică la copiii cu fibroză chistică
Authors:   Secţia Clinicǎ Pediatrie III, Universitatea de Medicinǎ şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, România, Trandafir Laura Mihaela , Straticiuc Ciongradi Iulia ,   Secţia Clinică Chirurgie Pediatrică, Universitatea de Medicinǎ şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, România, Baciu Ginel ,   Secţia Clinică I Pediatrie, Universitatea „Dunǎrea de Jos“, Galaţi, România, Anton Păduraru Dana Teodora ,   Secţia Clinicǎ Pediatrie III, Universitatea de Medicinǎ şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, România
Published: July 2022

Afectarea hepatică reprezintă o manifestare precoce la copiii cu fibroză chistică (FC). Spectrul manifestărilor clinice în afectarea hepato-biliară din FC cuprinde colestaza neonatală, steatoza hepatică, fibroza hepatică, litiaza biliară, ciroza biliară focală şi ciroza multilobulară, cu sau fără hipertensiune portală. Modificarea testelor de evaluare a funcţiei hepatice este inconstantă şi nu se corelează cu severitatea leziunilor hepatice. Diagnosticarea bolii hepatice în FC necesită prezenţa a cel puţin două din cele patru criterii de diagnostic: manifestări clinice, modificarea testelor funcţionale hepatice, ecografice şi anatomopatologice. Screeningul anual pentru suferinţa hepatică este recomandat pentru diagnosticarea bolii asimptomatice şi iniţierea precoce a tratamentului cu acid ursodeoxicholic. Ameliorarea funcţiei hepatice influenţează calitatea vieţii şi creşte rata supravieţuirii la pacienţii cu FC.
Aspecte clinico-evolutive ale infecţiei urinare la prematur
Authors:   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, România, Starcea Magdalena I. ,   Secţia Nefrologie, Clinica IV Pediatrie, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţe pentru Copii „Sf. Maria“, Iaşi, România, Munteanu Mihaela ,   Secţia Nefrologie, Clinica IV Pediatrie, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţe pentru Copii „Sf. Maria“, Iaşi, România, Russu Radu V. ,   Secţia Nefrologie, Clinica IV Pediatrie, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţe pentru Copii „Sf. Maria“, Iaşi, România, Brumariu Ovidiu ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, România, Bizim Delia Andreia ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, România, Miron Ingrith ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, România,   Secţia Nefrologie, Clinica IV Pediatrie, Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţe pentru Copii „Sf. Maria“, Iaşi, România
Published: July 2022

Obiectiv. Studiul îşi propune analiza comparativă a cazurilor de ITU la copii 0-3 ani (prematuri şi născuţi la termen) internaţi în Clinica IV Pediatrie Iaşi, între ian. 2007 – dec. 2011. Material şi metodă. Am efectuat un studiu retrospectiv pe un lot de 298 de copii între 0-3 ani, internaţi cu infecţie de tract urinar (ITU). Au fost urmărite particularităţile ITU la prematur în funcţie de gradul prematurităţii, etiologia ITU, comorbidităţi, aspecte evolutive, responsivitate la tratament şi impactul ITU asupra rinichiului. Rezultate. Lotul de studiu a fost alcătuit împărţit în copii născuţi la termen şi copii născuţi prematur, la vârstă gestaţională mai mică de 37 săptămâni, cu greutatea mai mică de 2.500 g. Riscul ITU la prematur este influenţat de vârstă, fiind de 3 ori mai mare la nou născutul prematur faţă de copilul 1-3 ani. Vârsta medie a fost de 8,8 luni la prematuri şi 14,09 luni la născuţii la termen. Cei mai mulţi copii s-au încadrat în gradul LBW. Etiologia infecţiei urinare a fost dominată la ambele subloturi de Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis şi Klebsiella pneumoniae. La prematuri, bacteriile oportuniste (bacil Piocianic, Enterococ, Acinetobacter) determină 16% din ITU, faţă de doar 2% la copii născuţi la termen. Febra a fost semnul clinic dominant la toţi pacienţii. În ordinea frecvenţei, celelalte semne prezente la prematuri au fost inapetenţa, icter prelungit, diaree, detresă respiratorie. Debutul prin insufi cienţă renală acută s-a înregistrat la 12,5% dintre prematuri şi doar 1% dintre copii născuţi la termen. Tratamentul antibiotic iniţiat empiric a fost efi cient la majoritatea cazurilor. Cel mai frecvent implicate în rezistenţa microbiană au fost aminopenicilinele, Trimetoprim-Sulfmetoxazolul şi Cefalosporine. Concluzii. Diagnosticul prompt şi tratamentul adaptat au un rol important în reducerea morbidităţii infecţioase, a riscului de cicatrici renale şi a reabilitării nutriţionale rapide a prematurului.
The optic pathways gliomas in children with neurofibromatosis 1
Authors:   Neurosurgery Department, Hospital for the Children ”Sfanta Maria”, Iasi, Romania, Filipescu Ramona , Poeata Ion ,   Neurosurgery Department, Clinical Hospital ”Nicolae Oblu”, Iasi, Romania, Grigore Ioana ,   Pediatric Clinic III, Hospital for the children ”Sfanta Maria”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ”Gr. T. Popa”, Iasi, Romania, Diaconu Georgeta ,   Pediatric Clinic III, Hospital for the children ”Sfanta Maria”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ”Gr. T. Popa”, Iasi, Romania
Published: July 2022

Optic pathways gliomas have the maximal clinical expression in childhood around the age of 5, being the second tumor in neurofibromatosis type 1 in frequency. Considering their location, it describes three types of optic pathways gliomas: type I - retrobulbar gliomas, type II - optic tracts gliomas and type III - chiasmatic gliomas. Neuroimaging exams are essential in diagnosis and selection surgical patients. Management of these tumors is often difficult even they exhibit histological benign features. Patients harboring optic nerve gliomas with symptomatic and documented neuroimaging progression have indication of tumor resection. Optic nerve gliomas associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 have generally a good prognosis. Unfavorable prognostic factors are represented by the early clinical onset under 6 years of age and chiasmatic and retrochiasmatic location.
Correlation between Clinical Pain in Temporomandibular Disorders and Signal Intensity of the Retrodiscal Tissue Using Fluid Attenuation Inversion Recovery MRI – A Cross Sectional Study
Authors:   Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600089, Meera R , Kannan A , Krithika C L , Aniyan K Yesoda
Published: July 2022

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is a broad term referring to pain and dysfunction of temporomandibular joint (TMJ), nmasticatory muscles and its associated structures. TMD is the most common orofacial pain condition with prominent feature like regional pain in the face and preauricular area during static and dynamic movements. Methods of assessing clinical pain were subjective and not affirmative. There still remains element of drafting the clinical pain evaluation in TMD patients. This study correlated the pain range in TMD patients with the levels of signal intensity (SI) in FLAIR MRI (Fluid Attenuation Inversion Recovery magnetic resonance imaging) to devise an objective pain assessing system based on the SI values. Settings and design: The present study is institution based, observational cross sectional study. A 32 temporomandibular joints were evaluated in the study. Before imaging, subjective pain score were recorded using Visual Analog Scale (VAS). In FLAIR MRI, both grey matter and retro discal tissue were included in the Region of Interest and the SIRs were calculated. SIRs in painful temporomandibular joints were correlated with Visual Analog Scale score. Unpaired t test was used to compare the mean values recorded for SIR. P-value <0.05 is considered to be statistically significant. Study results shows that SIRs of retrodiscal tissue were significantly increased in patient with higher VAS score (p<0.05). Retrodiscal tissue in painful proteinous elements. Keywords: Temporomandibular disorders, Signal intensity, FLAIR MRI, Retrodiscal tissue
Effectiveness of Oral Health Education in Improving Oral Health Related Knowledge in Pregnant Mothers Attending the Ante-natal Clinic at the Divisional Hospital, Kotaligoda
Authors:   Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, Jayasinghe R M ​ , Kularatne W N , De Silva K K N D
Published: July 2022

Objective of this study were to assess effectiveness of oral health education in improving oral health related knowledge in pregnant mothers attending ante-natal clinic. A questionnaire was used to assess oral health related knowledge before and following education programs. Post education answers were compared with previous ones. Minitab 18 was utilized for statistical analysis. Following education, knowledge on treatment options for teeth with infected pulp other than extraction, features of gingival diseases, association of diabetes mellitus and periodontal diseases and the change of oral health with ageing process was increased. More participants identified that oral hygiene maintenance is necessary for optimum periodontal health. The results indicated that mean post knowledge was significantly higher than mean pre knowledge (p< 0.001). There was a statistically significant association between pre knowledge and monthly income. Education programs significantly improve the knowledge on oral health of the pregnant mothers. However, the increase of knowledge does not vary according to the age, monthly income and education level of them. It is recommended that pregnant mothers should be educated regularly on oral health and oral health practices as the knowledge will be beneficial for long term oral health behavior. Keywords: Pregnant mother, Effectiveness, Oral health education
Generalidades sobre orquídeas
Authors: Angel Carlos Ariel , Tsubota Masanobu
Published: July 2022

Sobre la familia Orquidaceae se presenta su historia, evolución y diversidad, su cultivo y la relación de las especies colombianas de cattleyas.
Enfermedades causadas por hongos
Authors: Tsubota Masanobu , Angel Carlos Ariel , Leguizamón Jairo Eduardo
Published: July 2022

En este documento se presenta una revisión de la información básica sobre las enfermedades causadas por hongos en /Cattleya/ spp. Lindl. y su manejo y se incluyen los principales resultados sobre diagnóstico obtenidos en Colombia por Cenicafé. Las enfermedades se agruparon así: Pudriciones; manchas foliares; fumaginas u hongos de manto; royas; manchas foliares; otros registros; alteración del sustrato.
Moluscos y artrópodos plagas
Authors: Angel Carlos Ariel , Tsubota Masanobu , Cárdenas Reinaldo
Published: July 2022

En este capítulo se presenta la información concerniente a los antecedentes sobre moluscos y artrópodos considerados plagas en /Cattleya/ spp., de acuerdo con la revisión de literatura. Además, información sobre los órganos afectados y los daños generales causados por los órdenes y grupos de organismos citados. De igual forma se incluyen los resultados obtenidos por estudios realizados en Cenicafé.
APPLICATION OF SOFTWARE, REPRESENTING CUMULONIMBUS CLOUDS, IN AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
Authors: Derenčius Giedrius , Ragauskas Ugnius
Published: July 2022

In this paper we attempt to answer the question of whether the display of cumulonimbus clouds on air traffic controller radar screens has a significant impact on air traffic control. The developed cumulonimbus cloud mapping simulator allowed the study to be performed by performing simulations with a flight control simulator. This allowed an assessment of how the air traffic controller makes decisions when cumulonimbus is displayed and when it is not. The benefits of cumulonimbus imaging for aircraft trajectories and flight time were also assessed. The research was conducted in the space of Vilnius terminal manoeuvring area.
Investigating Particle Acceleration by Dynamic Small-scale Flux Ropes behind Interplanetary Shocks in the Inner Heliosphere
Authors: Van Eck Keaton , le Roux Jakobus , Chen Yu , Zhao Ling Ling , Thompson Noah
Published: July 2022

We recently extended our Parker-type transport equation for energetic particle interaction with numerous dynamic small-scale magnetic flux ropes (SMFRs) to include perpendicular diffusion in addition to parallel diffusion. We present a new analytical solution to this equation assuming heliocentric spherical geometry with spherical symmetry for all SMFR acceleration mechanisms present in the transport theory. With the goal of identifying the dominant mechanism(s) through which particles are accelerated by SMFRs, a search was launched to identify events behind interplanetary shocks that could be explained by our new solution and not classical diffusive shock acceleration. Two new SMFR acceleration events were identified in situ for the first time within heliocentric distances of 1 astronomical unit (au) in Helios A data. A Metropolis–Hastings algorithm is employed to fit the new solution to the energetic proton fluxes so that the relative strength of the transport coefficients associated with each SMFR acceleration mechanism can be determined. We conclude that the second-order Fermi mechanism for particle acceleration by SMFRs is more important than first-order Fermi acceleration due to the mean compression of the SMFRs regions during these new events. Furthermore, with the aid of SMFR parameters determined via the Grad–Shafranov reconstruction method, we find that second-order Fermi SMFR acceleration is dominated by the turbulent motional electric field parallel to the guide/background field. Finally, successful reproduction of energetic proton flux data during these SMFR acceleration events also required efficient particle escape from the SMFR acceleration regions.
On the Small-scale Turbulent Dynamo in the Intracluster Medium: A Comparison to Dynamo Theory*
Authors: Steinwandel Ulrich P. , Böss Ludwig M. , Dolag Klaus , Lesch Harald
Published: July 2022

We present non-radiative, cosmological zoom-in simulations of galaxy-cluster formation with magnetic fields and (anisotropic) thermal conduction of one massive galaxy cluster with M
vir ∼ 2 × 1015
M
⊙ at z ∼ 0. We run the cluster on three resolution levels (1×, 10×, 25×), starting with an effective mass resolution of 2 × 108
M
⊙, subsequently increasing the particle number to reach 4 × 106
M
⊙. The maximum spatial resolution obtained in the simulations is limited by the gravitational softening reaching ϵ = 1.0 kpc at the highest resolution level, allowing one to resolve the hierarchical assembly of the structures in fine detail. All simulations presented are carried out with the SPMHD code gadget3 with an updated SPMHD prescription. The primary focus of this paper is to investigate magnetic field amplification in the intracluster medium. We show that the main amplification mechanism is the small-scale turbulent dynamo in the limit of reconnection diffusion. In our two highest resolution models we start to resolve the magnetic field amplification driven by the dynamo and we explicitly quantify this with the magnetic power spectra and the curvature of the magnetic field lines, consistent with dynamo theory. Furthermore, we investigate the ∇ ·
B
= 0 constraint within our simulations and show that we achieve comparable results to state-of-the-art AMR or moving-mesh techniques, used in codes such as enzo and arepo. Our results show for the first time in a cosmological simulation of a galaxy cluster that dynamo action can be resolved with modern numerical Lagrangian magnetohydrodynamic methods, a study that is currently missing in the literature.
First Observation of Lower Hybrid Drift Waves at the Edge of the Current Sheet in the Martian Magnetotail
Authors: Guo Z. Z. , Liu Y. Y. , Fu H. S. , Cao J. B. , Xu Y. , Wang Z. , Yu Y. , He R. J. , Liu X. Y. , Zhang W. Z. , Fu W. D.
Published: July 2022

Lower hybrid drift waves are commonly observed at plasma boundaries, playing an important role in plasma dynamics. Such waves have been widely investigated in the terrestrial magnetosphere but have never been reported in other planetary environments. Here, using the measurements from the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN mission, we present the first observation of electromagnetic lower hybrid drift waves at the edge of the current sheet on the dusk side of the Martian magnetotail, which should be locally excited rather than propagated from other regions. These plasma waves are associated with significant density gradients and magnetic field gradients. Based on the measured local plasma parameters and the sufficient condition for lower hybrid drift instability to be excited, we find that the proton density gradient is sharp enough to excite the lower hybrid drift instability. The analysis of the existence condition for lower hybrid drift instability indicates that these lower hybrid drift waves at the edge of the current sheet are generated through lower hybrid drift instability. The above results can improve our understanding of Mars’ magnetospheric dynamics.