bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On *-Skew *-Armendariz *-Rings
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences Al marj, Benghazi University, ELgamudi Basma M. , Hamad Fatma A. ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences Al marj, Benghazi University
Published: April 2024

A ring R is called α-*-skew *-Armendariz*-rings if whenever the polynomials p=∑_(i=0)^m▒〖a_i x^i 〗 and q=∑_(j=0)^n▒a_j x^j ∈ R[x,α] satisfy p(x)q(x) = p(x)q^* (x) = 0, then a_i α^j (b_j )= 0 for all i,j (consequently a_i α^j (b_j^* )= 0 ), which is a proper generalization of reduced*-rings. We study the condition for α-*-skew *-Armendariz*-rings to be reduced. In addition, we discuss many properties of α-*-skew *-Armendariz *-ring. Also, we give the relationship between the Baerness of a *-ring R. Finally, we generalize the property of α-*-skew *-Armendariz to some know extensions. Key Words: *-Armendariz *-rings, *-skew polynomial *-rings, rigid *-rings, *-Baer *-rings.
MOLECULAR DOCKING OF 4-AZIDO-2-(4-SUBSTITUTED-PHENYL)-5-(2-NITROPHENYL)-2H-1,2,3-TRIAZOLES
Authors:   Department of Organic Chemistry, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan, Abdullayeva Afaq
Published: April 2024

Molecular docking of 4-azido-2-(4-substituted-phenyl)-5-(2-nitrophenyl)-2H-1,2,3-triazoles was fulfilled by means of SwissADME prediction software and carried out analysis on P-glycoprotein and Cytochrome P450 isoenzymes as well as calculations of the pharmacokinetic properties of the compounds. 4-azido-2-(4-substituted-phenyl)-5-(2-nitrophenyl)-2H-1,2,3-triazole were considered as molecules which meet the requirements for the synthesis of medicinal substances. At the same time, by means of Swiss Targeted Prediction software were made calculations using the Brain or Intestine permeability method (BOILED-Egg) and obtained positive results.
Electoral Participation and Non-Electoral Participatory Processes
Authors:   University Pompeu Fabra, Inostroza María Victoria , Martí José Luis ,   University Pompeu Fabra
Published: April 2024

This chapter aims to contribute to the debate on the relevance of non-electoral participatory processes for electoral participation at local, national and European levels. It first provides a general framework of analysis to better understand the idea of strengthening electoral participation, both in its quantitative and qualitative dimensions. It then looks at some of the European initiatives that have been recently launched with the aim of strengthening EU and national democratic elections. The chapter explores the most important strategies pursued at national and local levels to strengthen democracy by promoting different forms of non-electoral participation, with a special emphasis on some recent democratic innovations. It concludes with a presentation of four case-studies of different instruments/processes of non-electoral participation: the DECIDIM online platform developed by the city of Barcelona, the vTaiwan digital space for citizen engagement in Taiwan, the recent Chilean constitutional convention, and the Conference for the Future of Europe. Even if some take for granted that promoting forms of non-electoral participation is the key strategy to strengthen not only democratic legitimacy in general, but the quantity and quality of electoral participation in particular, we argue that this is not yet a foregone conclusion.
Da Crítica Ao Positivismo Naturalista À Fenomenologia Como Um “Positivismo Filosófico”.
Authors: Tourinho Carlos Diógenes C.
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo aborda, inicialmente, o exercício da tarefa crítica na fenomenologia de Husserl. Destaca a denúncia concernente aos contrassensos teóricos da doutrina naturalista, além de ressaltar a ingenuidade epistêmica das ciências positivas fundadas no naturalismo. Em seguida, o presente artigo mostra que a denúncia de tais contrassensos se torna uma condição para o exercício da “tarefa positiva”, através da qual seria revelado um sentido fenomenológico da ideia de “progresso” (Fortschritt). Trata-se agora não de um progresso fortuito, resultante de um começo e um fim eventuais, mas de um progresso fundado nas “próprias coisas”, isto é, na presença intuitiva da coisa à consciência. O novo sentido da referida ideia permitiria à fenomenologia de Husserl aspirar a um autêntico “positivismo filosófico”.
Con Renaud Barbaras
Authors: Barbaras Con Renaud , Suárez-Astaiza Jeison Andrés
Published: April 2024

Esta entrevista se realizó el 26 de enero de 2015, tras haber aparecido dos años antes Dinámica de la manifestación y que se preparaban, en el marco de los seminarios, el tema de los dos próximos libros, Metafísica del sentimiento1 y El Deseo y el mundo. Si bien Actu-Philosophia dedicó una recensión a cada una de estas obras, disponibles en la dirección electrónica de la revista, incluyendo esta, y que se publicó una entrevista en dos partes por motivo del lanzamiento de El Deseo y el mundo, consideramos útil, dada la importancia del trabajo de Renaud Barbaras, proponer una nueva clarificación de la elaboración de los dos libros de 2016, teniendo como base el seminario de 2015, a través de la entrevista realizada por Aurélien Deudon y Thomas Maurice.
Pobreza De Ser. A Tradução De Eugen Fink Das Elegias De Duíno Em Reflexão Filosófica.
Authors: Sepp Hans Rainer
Published: April 2024

Neste ensaio original, baseado em materiais inéditos de Fink, o autor nos introduz no universo ainda desconhecido da interpretação finkiana da poesia de Rilke. Em suas anotações Fink faz a tentativa de colocar em conceitos aquela “experiência transcendente” que constitui a essência de toda obra de arte. Nela, revelar-se-ia ao humano não apenas o que lhe excede, o ente supremo, mas também os limites do seu próprio ser, sua finitude radical. A potência transcendente e catártica da poesia fornece, assim, uma compreensão do estatuto ontológico do humano e da sua temporalidade radical. As Elegias de Duíno possuem, portanto, segundo Fink, uma relevância ontológica: nelas encontram-se tanto a “experiência transcendente” da arte quanto a “experiência ontológica” da filosofia e seus conceitos.
O encontro como tarefa primeira da fenomenologia. Reciprocidade e desigualdade em Buytendijk.
Authors: Andrade André Dias de , Furlan Reinaldo
Published: April 2024

O artigo apresenta e discute o ensaio Fenomenologia do Encontro, de F. J. J. Buy-tendijk. Inicialmente, situamos, brevemente, a relevância do problema do encontro na feno-menologia, tomando, como parâmetros opostos Husserl e Lévinas. Ver-se-á, no artigo, que o próprio Buytendijk se serve de vários autores da fenomenologia enquanto peças chave para a composição do ensaio, entre os quais Heidegger, Merleau-Ponty e Binswanger. A seguir, bus-camos explicitar, no ensaio do autor, a questão do encontro em quatro tópicos: o lugar do encontro, de caráter existencial engajado ao contexto histórico e social; a ambiguidade, como marca essencial do encontro; a reciprocidade, como condição do encontro, no mais das vezes em situação de desigualdade, com destaque para a questão dos papeis sociais; e seu saldo para a fenomenologia, no qual o encontro não é um assunto entre outros, mas ponto de partida para a fenomenologia e interrogação de nossas experiências. Por fim, encerramos com questões e considerações finais, com as quais procuramos assumir o legado do ensaio de Buytendijk para nós.
Martin Odler, 2023, Copper in Ancient Egypt: Before, During and After the Pyramid Age (c. 4000–1600 BC), Leiden: Brill.
Authors: Davey Christopher J.
Published: April 2024

None
إتجاهات معلمات الرياض الحكومية نحو مضمون وحدات المنهاج التطوري المقدم لأطفال الروضة في الأردن
Authors:   ماجستير رياض الأطفال - جامعة الإسراء, ابو الخير الاء محمود رجب , الفلفلي أ.د هناء حسين ,   كلية العلوم التربوية - جامعة الإسراء
Published: April 2024

هدفت الدراسة الحالية التعرف على اتجاهات معلمات الرياض الحكومية نحو مضمون وحدات المنهاج التطوري المقدم لأطفال الروضة في الأردن، تكونت عينة الدراسة من (88) معلمة من معلمات الرياض الحكومية من محافظة عمان، اتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي المسحي، واستخدمت الاستبيان اداة لجمع البيانات بعد التحقق من صدقه وثباته، أظهرت نتائج الدراسة وجود اتجاه إيجابي لدى المعلمات نحو وحدات المنهاج التطوري في جميع المجالات الاربعة وفي الدرجة الكلية للاستبيان، وأظهرت عدم وجود اختلاف دال إحصائيا في اتجاهات معلمات الرياض الحكومية نحو مضمون وحدات المنهاج التطوري تعزى لمتغير المؤهل العلمي، ووجود اختلاف دال إحصائيا في اتجاهات معلمات الرياض الحكومية نحو مضمون وحدات المنهاج التطوري تبعا لمتغير سنوات الخبرة ولصالح الفئة (1-5) سنوات في جميع المجالات الأربعة وفي الدرجة الكلية للاستبيان.
دراسة نقدية لمصطلح "المؤثرون" في بيئة الإتصال الرقمية
Authors:   علوم الإعلام والإتصال، جامعة الجزائر3، الجزائر، 2024م, المروس د.مريم
Published: April 2024

تعددت المصطلحات في البيئة الرقمية الإعلامية في السنوات الأخيرة بتعدد شرائح مستخدميها ، فكثيرا ما نسمع عن : الصحفي الإلكتروني، صانعو المحتوى و كذلك ما يطلق عليهم ب "المؤثرين". إن مصطلح الصحفي الإلكتروني و مصطلح صانع المحتوى يعدان مصطلحين واضحين من حيث المفهوم و من حيث الشريحة التي يمثلها كل مصطلح سواء في نشاطها على مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي أو أهدافها أو أدوارها تجاه المتلقي أو المجتمع، في حين يعد مصطلح "المؤثرون" من أكثر المصطلحات غير واضحة المعالم سواء بالنسبة للشريحة التي يمثلها هذا المفهوم أو بالنسبة لخصائصهم ومميزاتهم، من حيث التأثير الذي يقومون به و عن إمكانية وصفهم ب مصطلح "المؤثرين" بكل ما يحمله من معنى، و الذي في بعض الأحيان يكاد يتم تصنيفهم ضمن قادة الرأي العام؛ و هذا ما يعيدنا إلى فترات نظريات التأثير و نظرية الطلقة السحرية ، في حين أن هناك فئة ممن يطلق عليهم ب"المؤثرين" لا يمكن اعتبارهم سوى كواجهات إعلانية أو تجارية في بعض الأحيان.
القدرة التنبؤية للرأس المال النفسي الإيجابي والتوجه نحو الأهداف في الإبداع الوظيفي
Authors:   دكتوراه في الارشاد النفسي والتربوي, الجراح رانيا وليد
Published: April 2024

هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى معرفة القدرة التنبؤية للرأس المال النفسي الإيجابي والتوجه نحو الأهداف في الابداع الوظيفي. تكونت عينة الدراسة من (64) معلماً وادارياً من الكادر الاداري والتدريسي في مدرسة الغزالي في دولة الامارات العربية المتحدة. تم استخدام مقياس الرأس المال النفسي الإيجابي لوثانس وزملائه (Luthans et al., 2007a) ومقياس التوجه نحو الأهداف لفاندي والي (VandeWalle ,1997)، ومقياس الابداع الوظيفي تيرني وزملائه (Tierney et al.,1999).
The Relationship Between Pilot Experience and Aviation Safety Attitudes
Authors: Piasecki Isabella , Le Gall Steven , Wheeler Brooke
Published: April 2024

Although the influence of safety attitudes on pilot performance has been documented and research has been conducted on how training can increase safety attitudes, little research has been conducted to understand the relationship between experience and a pilot's safety attitudes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between pilot experience and pilot attitudes toward safety issues. Pilot attitudes towards safety issues were measured using Hunter's Aviation Safety Attitudes Scale (ASAS). A survey was distributed that included both ASAS and demographic questions. The relationship between flight hours (pilot experience) and the ASAS score was examined.
Application of LCA to The Design of Environmentally Friendly Detergent
Authors: Ahn S. W. , Lee J. R.
Published: April 2024

For development of environmentally friendly detergent, we have applied LCA method to a laundry detergent. The procedure of LCA was followed to goal & scope definition, classification, characterization, normalization, weighting by using CML method. Therefore, we have achieved the life cycle inventory of laundry detergent, and have done with impact assessment about acidification, ozone layer depletion, eutrophicaiton, greenhouse effect and ecotoxicity. Especially, the ecotoxicological classification factor for aquatic ecosystem was derived from basis of detergent ingredient toxicity data. As a result of impact assessment, we have found that the most environmentally loaded impact category was ecotoxicity and the most environmentally loaded process was raw material production stage. In addition, we derived environmental indicator from each detergent ingredients. Finally, we have developed the method of design for environment that is minimized the environmental impact considering environmental, economical, and washing performance properties in coincidence. By using this, we have developed the environmentally friendly detergent that has improved on the ecotoxicity.
Framework convention on climate change (Kyoto mechanism: CDM·JI) and LCA
Authors: Yoon Sungyee , Yoo Duckki
Published: April 2024

I analyzed effect and measures that come from Framework Convention on Climate Change, and reviewed Kyoto-Mechanism that is one of the consistences of contract it.
Through reviewing of this field, I arranged relation with LCA moreover investigated possibility that two parts will be expanded. It is normal that we have to think not only LCA that related on products but also LCA that related on affection of policy and amenity. So I investigated needs why we estimated the policy, which is effected on Framework Convention on Climate Change through the viewpoint of LCA in this thesis.
Integrated Environmental and Economic VE Approach For Optimum Model of Sewage Wastewater Treatment System
Authors: Park Kihak , Song Munkon , Jang Wanbok , Jung Jaesoo , Yang MyungHwoan
Published: April 2024

In this study, Integrated VE/LCC Approach based on LCA is applied to selection of sewage wastewater treatment(system) alternatives as a decision-making process. The analysis period is 30 years and standard interest rate is 4.0%. Also present worth is used for analysis of life cycle cost.
This paper presented the existing key methodologies and processes that can support Integrated VE/LCC Approach and look at integrating the thinking further with VE/LCC and LCA for economic and environmental sustainability.
Life Cycle Assessment for Building Demolition Debris Treatment
Authors: Ko Kwang-Hoon , Hwang Yong-Woo , Jo Hyun-Jung
Published: April 2024

In this study, building demolition debris treatment processes were classified with destructjon, wastes transportation, debris treatment & recycling, and landfilling. And LCA for building demolition debris treatment such as destruction and all landfilling(scenario 1), consignment treatment consignment treatment & recycling(scenario 2) and onsite treatment & recycling(scenario 3) was carried on. In inventory stage, developed LCI DB in Korea was used. And Eco-indicator 99 methodology was used in impact assessment stage.
As the result, the order of the environmental impact showed that scenario 1 is 6.30E+05 Pt(ecopoint), scenario 2 is 7.11E+05 Pt and scenario 3 is 7.82E+04 Pt. The order of result showed that scenario 3 is 7.82E+04 Pt and it is found that the onsite treatment and recycling in building construction is the most environmentally superior .
A Study on Uncertainty analysis of LCI with dividing industrial categories apply in Input-Output Analysis
Authors: Sin So-Yun , Hong Seok-Jin , Kim Ik , Lim Noh-hyun , Hur Tak
Published: April 2024

To build LCI, the step of collecting and calculating lots of process data is prerequisite. Even though it is, we have to admit that more or less unpredicted circumstances might be involved in doing this kind of operation. Especially in IOA case alone, several uncertainties while in handling data, dividing industry categories into class and regional-timing differences, mostly attributed to IOA's own inherent traits, have been found. So it is very high time to consider seriously the claims for research on analysing and evaluating those uncertainties quantitatively and properly. Here in this study, the "Hybrid Method" is adopted to build LCI and the Monte Carlo simulation method to analyze 28, 77 and 168 uncertainties belonged to industry category of IOA. We applied the probability distribution of input list with assumption to the simulation on the basis of stencil paper data and finally drew the estimated forecast value over the output from 146 TRI classified by industry. While the LCI classified by industry shows a various and wide distribution, as breaking down the number of industry to 168 from 28, concerned uncertainties have shown a sure drop in quantities.
Development of Waste Sand Recycling Technology in the Automotive Casting Process
Authors: Heo Kisoo , Hong Sungjoon , Bae Yujin , Cho Kyungrae , So Iesub
Published: April 2024

In the automotive industry, the need of casting process is continuously increased. The end of life casting sand from the casting process is currently recycled for the copper smelting flux and cement manufacturing process, but this kind of recycling is not appropriate both environmentally and economically since waste sand has high concentration of SiO2. In this study, waste casting sand recycling technology was developed through continuous heating furnace and surface treatment process, and environmental assessment using by Life Cycle Assessment was performed to compare current system and new recycling system.
Carbon Footprint of Customized Fertilizer, No. 16 and Its Comparison with Single Fertilizers
Authors: Jung Soon Chul , Lee Deog Bae , Jeong Jae Woo , Huh Jin Ho
Published: April 2024

The study for Carbon Footprint of inorganic fertilizers have been proceeding since 2010, this year the results of customized fertilizer devised. Customized fertilizer to be considered soli testing and nutrient balance, fertilizers are produced by the formulation at main ingredient (N-P-K). There are currently being produced 30 products. In case of Korea, nitrogen balance and the usage of chemical fertilizers are higher than in OECD countries, excessive use of fertilizers can be a problem. Accordingly, the government has been encourages the use of customized fertilizer. In this study estimate the carbon footprint for 1 kg production of customized fertilizer, No. 16 by using LCA. In addition, the carbon footprint were compared customized fertilizer with single fertilizer. The carbon footprint of No. 16 was 8.00E-01 kg CO2 eq. kg-1. Next, customized fertilizer were analyzed 12.12% low-carbon than 9.11E-01 kg CO2 eq. kg-1 for single fertilizer when compared carbon footprint for customized fertilizer and single fertilizer. These results will be considered contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions in agricultural sector.
Material Life Cycle Assessment for ITO Electrode of used Touch Screen Panel according to disposal methods
Authors: Lee Soo Sun , Lee Na Ri , Kim Kyeong Il , Ahn Joong Woo , Hong Tae Whan
Published: April 2024

In this research, Material Life Cycle Assessment(MLCA) has been carried out to evaluate the environmental impacts about disposal of ITO(Indium Tin Oxide). ITO is often used for touch and flat screen of phone, PC, computer because of its electrical conductivity and optical transparency which it can be deposited as a thin film. Indium is one of the rare earth and used to ITO material. When demand of the ITO increases, shortage of indium have concerned. This is not only resources insufficient problem it is also environmental problem. Because ITO which did not recycle and landfill or incineration cloud be cause a environmental pollution.
According to waste treatment method, disposal about 1kg of ITO was used as the reference flow. There are difficulties for data collection about emissions from waste treatment in LCA. So there is a need to focusing landfill, incineration process for ITO. From this study, it is found out that landfill of ITO has the highest environmental impacts except GWP. But incineration is also high environment impact value by a little gap.
A Study on Environmental Impact Assessment for Recycling of ASR
Authors: Choi Woo Zin , Lee Young Hyun , Beak Jung Yeol
Published: April 2024

The shredding of waste automobiles results in a mixture of ferrous metal, non-ferrous metal and shredder waste, called automotive shredder residue(ASR). ASR often contains hazardous substances, however, currently, most of ASR is landfilled. It is very important to recycle ASR from end-of-life vehicles(ELVs) into raw materials and to recover energy from the ASR. In the present work, the physical and chemical characteristics of ASR have been investigated to promote the ASR recycling. In the present study, the test results on the apparent density, physical-chemical compositions, calorific values, and leaching properties for ASR samples will be presented. Environmental impacts are also evaluated in case of incineration of ASR.
A Study on Eco-Efficiency Evaluation Methodologies for Recycling Technologies
Authors: Yang Inmog , Kim Youngsil , Ahn Joong Woo , Cho Bong Gyoo , Cho Youngju
Published: April 2024

This study was conducted to develop an appropriate methodology for economic and environmental values evaluation of recycling technologies. As a result, it was suggested that two separate evaluation methods be applied based on the Eco-efficiency theory.
When compared between competing recycling systems, recycling materials and recycling processes were major concern, as opposed to recycling materials, the virgin materials, and waste treatment when compared between recycling and the final disposal. In addition, the selling price of the material and incurred cost of recycling were chosen as economic indicators while the LCA result as an environmental indicator. Some limitation still exist that in this study the entire processes of recycling system are not included such as infrastructure due to data relevant although the indicator selection principle was employed for the suggestion of suitable indicators for recycling technologies. It is expected that further studies with actual cases will help improve the suggested methodology.
An LCA study on resource recovery facility of municipal solid waste and its optimization of environment impact
Authors: Park Chanil , Kim Hyoungseok , Hur Tak
Published: April 2024

As difficult of creating landfill site, incineration which is one of the final disposal of waste is becoming important. however the problem has occurred in resource recovery facility. such as environment management plan and excess incineration. So efficient management of waste treatment becomes necessary. In this study, a LCA(Life Cycle Assessment) is conducted to identify and evaluate environmental impacts associated with the incineration of MSW(municipal solid waste) and its optimization of environment impact by relocating collect areas.
The methodology to analyse environment is LCA. LCA is a tool to examine the environmental consequences of making and using products or providing services, "from cradle to grave". This methodology consider the whole life cycle of target system. This study consider 1kg of MSW incineration for analysing environment impacts. As the result of GWP of target system is 7.04E-01kg CO2 eq./kg. the most significant factors in GWP are air emissions and energy for operate system. and through optimization of collect areas, expected to reduce 2.26E+06kg CO2 eq.
A Study on the Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment Method of Buildings
Authors: Roh Seung Jun , Tae Sung Ho , Lee Kang Hee , Chae Chang U , Kim Ik
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to propose a life cycle sustainability assessment method of buildings by applying the life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) methodology. To that end, the evaluation items of building LCSA were divided into the environmental performance, economic performance, and social performance of life cycle aspects, and detailed assessment method required each evaluation items were proposed. For the environmental performance assessment, major environmental impact categories from a viewpoint of buildings and major building materials with high occurrence rates of major environmental impact were selected, and a building life cycle scenario that includes a construction stage, an operation stage, and end-of-life stage was established. For the economic performance assessment, major cost categories, which significantly affect decision making of stakeholders, and major building materials with high proportion of direct construction cost were selected, and the life cycle costing method that are composed of private costs and external costs of buildings were proposed. For the social performance assessment, various social topics were investigated, and a social performance assessment method using the major building materials was proposed. These assessment method enabled the proposal of the building LCSA method.
Comparative LCCO2 Assessment of asphalt concrete surface course and recycled asphalt concrete surface course
Authors: Hwang Yoon-young , Kim Myeong-hwa , Kim Ik , Chae Chang-U
Published: April 2024

Asphalt concrete is a composite material commonly used to surface roads, parking lots, and airports. Currently recycled asphalt concrete is used increasingly for global environmental protection in our society. So, this study is intended to measure and compare life cycle CO2(LCCO2) on both virgin asphalt concrete and recycled one in accordance with ISO 14044:2006. As a result, LCCO2 emissions generated by recycle asphalt concrete is 67.7% higher than virgin asphalt concrete because a lot of energy consumption is needed in the drying process of recycled aggregate production.
Investigation on the development status of international Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) Database (DB) and suggestion of direction for national LCI DB development
Authors: Kim Hyoung-seok , Lee Da-eun , Park Hui-il
Published: April 2024

The current international status of Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) Database (DB) was investigated. Based on this investigation, this study suggested the direction for national LCI DB development. This study probed into the major countries such as USA, Japan, Europe, and the major institutions(Ecoinvent, Gabi, Chinese Life Cycle Database (CLCD)) also investigated in order to analyze the current development status of LCI DB. This study also analyze the LCI DB network and hub such as Life Cycle Data Network (LCDN), Global LCA Data Access (GLAD), openLCA nexus. Through this, this study made three suggestions about the direction of national LCI DB development; 1) Establishment of national LCI DB development road map, 2) Development of LCI DB based on general information, 3) Activation of overseas activities of LCI DB institution.
Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions on Sustainable Rain Water Collection System
Authors: Woon Kim Young , Woo Hwang Yong , In Kim Yong , Jung Gong Yun , Nae Lim Si
Published: April 2024

By climate change, natural disaster like flood, desertification, elnino and etc happens more than before. Adaptation for climate change becomes important as well as respond globally. One of main issue for adaptation is the water circulation recently. Each countries has been developing technology facilitating water circulation. South Korea also develops low impact development(LID) using rain-water. The rain-water collecting system needs to establish for circulating the rain-water in the household area. The side gutter collecting system and round collecting system have been applied as rain-water collecting system. This study aims at evaluating carbon emission in the life cycle of construction, operation&maintenance, demolition and disposal comparing them with drain collecting system which was developed by life cycle assessment(LCA) methodology. Drain collecting system emitted 2.82 ton CO2 eq./set, round collection system emitted 27.65 ton CO2 eq./set and side gutter collection system emitted 21.54 ton CO2 eq./set. From the result, drain collecting system concluded to reduce over 87% of CO2 emission in the life cycle besides of other two collecting system. Thus decision-makers need to consider to apply LCA for reducing CO2 emission designing rainwater collecting system.
Improving the Quality of Public Service in Ghana: A Lesson to be Learned from Implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM)in the Public Sector.
Authors: Omane-Antwi K. B. Omane-Antwi
Published: April 2024

This paper offers a framework of lessons to illuminate the role of Total Quality Management (TQM) in public sector management. TQM has been accepted as a management paradigm by many organisations throughout the world, and has led to quality movement in the private sector in the past. Today, quality movement has been extended to non-profit organisations. The paper outlines some lessons and posits an agenda for government of Ghana to embrace the quality movement revolution in the public sector as part of innovative governance of the government of Ghana. Innovative governance needs to be established in the context of new thinking in the public sector service delivery. The objective of the paper is to build a better and more general understanding of TQM implementation in the public sector of Ghana.
Examining the Influence of Organizational Culture on Employee Ethical Behaviour: A Case Study of a Security Agency in Ghana
Authors: Afedzie R. Afedzie
Published: April 2024

The aim of this study is to look into the impact of organisational culture on employee ethical behavior, focusing on three police departments in Ghana’s Greater Accra Region. The goals were to figure out what kind of organisational culture prevailed in these police departments and how that culture affected employee ethical behavior. It also sought to find out if culture and ethical behaviour have any effect on the quality of job performance. The study utilized a qualitative research approach with a simple case study descriptive research design. Semi-structured interview questionnaire was used to collect data for this study. The study found out that this public security agency values individual contributions and has a culture that sees change as a challenge and an opportunity for personal development. The study also indicated that partnership with the community was a primary focus to ensure security. It was revealed that this public security agency whose core responsibilities were to attend to the security and protection of citizens guided their ethical behaviour in good and bad political times. The findings of this research concluded that a positive and significant relationship exists between organisational culture and employee’s behaviour.
Assessing the impact of microfinance on gari processing in Northern Region: A theory of households in the West Gonja District
Authors: Adam J. N. Adam
Published: April 2024

Cassava processing plays significant roles in reducing the poverty levels of women through job provision and increase in income levels. Available evidence shows that little research has been done particularly on assessing the impact of microfinance on gari processing focusing on a single approach. Cognizant of the various methodologies of impact assessment, this particular study used eight indicators to assess the impact of microfinance on households engaged in gari processing. Data were obtained from a random sample of 124 household respondents and 4 microfinance institutions. Empirical findings indicate that microfinance increases income levels of participants and thus their ability to acquire productive assets, save, expand and diversify production. The implication is that they have improved on their basic needs. However, participants indicate high interest rates on loans, lack of grace period on loans collected, lack of access to market information and poor processing equipment as the major setbacks. It is recommended that interest rates on loans should be reviewed so that more people con have access to loans to help them expand their production levels so as to escape the vicious cycle of poverty.
Immuno-allergic dermatoses in the Dermatology Department of Aristide LeDantec Hospital, Dakar, Senegal: Epidemiological, clinical, and etiological patterns
Authors: Ndiaye Coumba , Diatta Boubacar Ahy , Ndiaye Maodo , Diop Khadim , Niang Suzanne Oumou
Published: April 2024

Background: Immuno-allergic dermatoses have been highly increasing for a decade in African settings. They are the first chief complaint of dermatological conditions in Senegal. Our objective was to describe their epidemiological, clinical, and etiological patterns. Methodology: We conducted a looking-forward descriptive study for 1 year ranging from April 2020 to April 2021 in the Dermatology Department of Aristide LeDantec Hospital in Dakar. We recruited both inpatients and outpatients. Results: Among 5633 patients received for consultation, 149 cases were pooled accounting for a prevalence of 2,6%. The mean age was 31,42 years old. Atopic dermatosis was the first immuno-allergic dermatosis representing 66,4%. They were followed by toxidermia in 16,1% of cases, contact dermatitis in 12,75% of cases, and urticaria in 4,69%. For patients with atopic dermatosis, a respiratory prick test was carried out in 14,1% of patients with a positivity in 57,1% of cases. Of the patients with urticaria and/or angioedema, the main triggering factor was drug use in 57,14% of cases. In our study, antibiotics were the first drug-related toxidermia in our patients accounting for 41,7% of cases. They were followed by herbal therapy in 29,2% of cases and paracetamol in 16,7% of cases. Conclusion: To date, immuno-allergic dermatoses constitute the first chief complaint in our structure and are by far dominated by atopic dermatitis. Automedication and herbal therapy are public health concerns. By causing toxidermia, often in their most serious patterns, they can have a vital prone-threat involvement.
Challenges in the management of Monkeypox in a developing country: case of Cameroon
Authors: Sigha Odette Berline , Medi Sike Christiane , Nkoro Grâce Anita , Ndom Marie Solange , Mbenoun Marthe-Liliane , Kamdem Joséphine , Essomba Noël Emmanuel , Kouotou Emmanuel Armand
Published: April 2024

International interest has been focused on Monkeypox since July 2022, due to multiples cases reported outside Africa. We report a case that occurred in Cameroon during this period. A 40-year-old Patient, heterosexual, living in Tombel in the southwest of Cameroon, HIV positive, consulted on 02/10/2022 for umbilicated, confluent vesiculo-pustular lesions, confluent on the face and scalp with palmo-plantar involvement, without lymphadenopathy, febrile, and evolving for 2 weeks. The diagnosis of Monkeypox was made based on a positive PCR test from on a skin sample revealing the Monkeypox clade 2 virus. Under treatment, the evolution was favourable after 17 days. We report the first confirmed case of Monkeypox in the city of Douala. The major challenge for the government would be to develop diagnostic and response strategies, to contain and neutralize the disease.
Continuous endosomes form functional subdomains and orchestrate rapid membrane trafficking in trypanosomes
Authors: Link Fabian , Borges Alyssa , Karo Oliver , Jungblut Marvin , Müller Thomas , Meyer-Natus Elisabeth , Krüger Timothy , Sachs Stefan , Jones Nicola G , Morphew Mary , Sauer Markus , Stigloher Christian , McIntosh J Richard , Engstler Markus
Published: April 2024

Endocytosis is a common process observed in most eukaryotic cells, although its complexity varies among different organisms. In Trypanosoma brucei, the endocytic machinery is under special selective pressure because rapid membrane recycling is essential for immune evasion. This unicellular parasite effectively removes host antibodies from its cell surface through hydrodynamic drag and fast endocytic internalization. The entire process of membrane recycling occurs exclusively through the flagellar pocket, an extracellular organelle situated at the posterior pole of the spindle-shaped cell. The high-speed dynamics of membrane flux in trypanosomes do not seem compatible with the conventional concept of distinct compartments for early endosomes (EE), late endosomes (LE), and recycling endosomes (RE). To investigate the underlying structural basis for the remarkably fast membrane traffic in trypanosomes, we employed advanced techniques in light and electron microscopy to examine the three-dimensional architecture of the endosomal system. Our findings reveal that the endosomal system in trypanosomes exhibits a remarkably intricate structure. Instead of being compartmentalized, it constitutes a continuous membrane system, with specific functions of the endosome segregated into membrane subdomains enriched with classical markers for EE, LE, and RE. These membrane subdomains can partly overlap or are interspersed with areas that are negative for endosomal markers. This continuous endosome allows fast membrane flux by facilitated diffusion that is not slowed by multiple fission and fusion events.
A remarkable genetic shift in a transmitted/founder virus broadens antibody responses against HIV-1
Authors: Jain Swati , Uritskiy Gherman , Mahalingam Marthandan , Batra Himanshu , Chand Subhash , Trinh Hung V , Beck Charles , Shin Woong-Hee , Alsalmi Wadad , Kijak Gustavo , Eller Leigh A , Kim Jerome , Kihara Daisuke , Tovanabutra Sodsai , Ferrari Guido , Robb Merlin L , Rao Mangala , Rao Venigalla B
Published: April 2024

A productive HIV-1 infection in humans is often established by transmission and propagation of a single transmitted/founder (T/F) virus, which then evolves into a complex mixture of variants during the lifetime of infection. An effective HIV-1 vaccine should elicit broad immune responses in order to block the entry of diverse T/F viruses. Currently, no such vaccine exists. An in-depth study of escape variants emerging under host immune pressure during very early stages of infection might provide insights into such a HIV-1 vaccine design. Here, in a rare longitudinal study involving HIV-1 infected individuals just days after infection in the absence of antiretroviral therapy, we discovered a remarkable genetic shift that resulted in near complete disappearance of the original T/F virus and appearance of a variant with H173Y mutation in the variable V2 domain of the HIV-1 envelope protein. This coincided with the disappearance of the first wave of strictly H173-specific antibodies and emergence of a second wave of Y173-specific antibodies with increased breadth. Structural analyses indicated conformational dynamism of the envelope protein which likely allowed selection of escape variants with a conformational switch in the V2 domain from an α-helix (H173) to a β-strand (Y173) and induction of broadly reactive antibody responses. This differential breadth due to a single mutational change was also recapitulated in a mouse model. Rationally designed combinatorial libraries containing 54 conformational variants of V2 domain around position 173 further demonstrated increased breadth of antibody responses elicited to diverse HIV-1 envelope proteins. These results offer new insights into designing broadly effective HIV-1 vaccines.
N-Terminus of Drosophila Melanogaster MSL1 Is Critical for Dosage Compensation
Authors: Babosha Valentin , Klimenko Natalia , Revel-Muroz Anastasia , Tikhonova Evgeniya , Georgiev Pavel , Maksimenko Oksana
Published: April 2024

The male-specific dosage compensation complex (DCC), which consists of five proteins and two non-coding roX RNAs, is necessary for the transcriptional enhancement of X-linked genes to compensate for the sex chromosome monosomy in
Drosophila
XY males compared with XX females. The MSL1 and MSL2 proteins form the heterotetrameric core of DCC and are critical for the specific recruitment of the DCC to the high-affinity “entry” sites (HAS) on the X chromosome. In this study, we demonstrated that the N-terminal region of MSL1 is critical for stability and functions of MSL1. Amino acid deletions and substitutions in the N-terminal region of MSL1 strongly affect both the interaction with roX2 RNA and DCC binding to HAS on the X chromosome. In particular, substitution of the conserved N-terminal amino-acids 3-7 in MSL1 (MSL1
GS
) affects dosage compensation similar to the inactivation of genes encoding roX RNAs. In addition, MSL1
GS
binds to promoters such as MSL1
WT
but does not co-bind with MSL2 and MSL3 to X chromosomal HAS. However, overexpression of MSL2 partially restores the functional activity of MSL1
GS
in dosage compensation. Thus, the interaction of MSL1 with roX RNA is critical for the efficient assembly of DCCs on HAS of the male X chromosome.
Control of ciliary transcriptional programs during spermatogenesis by antagonistic transcription factors
Authors: Wang Weihua , Xing Junqiao , Zhang Xiqi , Liu Hongni , Liu Xingyu , Jiang Haochen , Xu Cheng , Zhao Xue , Hu Zhangfeng
Published: April 2024

Existence of cilia in the last eukaryotic common ancestor raises a fundamental question in biology: how the transcriptional regulation of ciliogenesis has evolved? One conceptual answer to this question is by an ancient transcription factor regulating ciliary gene expression in both uni- and multicellular organisms, but examples of such transcription factors in eukaryotes are lacking. Previously, we showed that an ancient transcription factor X chromosome-associated protein 5 (Xap5) is required for flagellar assembly in Chlamydomonas. Here, we show that Xap5 and Xap5-like (Xap5l) are two conserved pairs of antagonistic transcription regulators that control ciliary transcriptional programs during spermatogenesis. Male mice lacking either Xap5 or Xap5l display infertility, as a result of meiotic prophase arrest and sperm flagella malformation, respectively. Mechanistically, Xap5 positively regulates the ciliary gene expression by activating the key regulators including Foxj1 and Rfx families during the early stage of spermatogenesis. In contrast, Xap5l negatively regulates the expression of ciliary genes via repressing these ciliary transcription factors during the spermiogenesis stage. Our results provide new insights into the mechanisms by which temporal and spatial transcription regulators are coordinated to control ciliary transcriptional programs during spermatogenesis.
Control of ciliary transcriptional programs during spermatogenesis by antagonistic transcription factors
Authors: Wang Weihua , Xing Junqiao , Zhang Xiqi , Liu Hongni , Jiang Haochen , Xu Cheng , Zhao Xue , Hu Zhangfeng
Published: April 2024

Existence of cilia in the last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA) raises a fundamental question in biology: how the transcriptional regulation of ciliogenesis has evolved? One conceptual answer to this question is by an ancient transcription factor regulating ciliary gene expression in both unicellular and multicellular organisms, but examples of such transcription factors in eukaryotes are lacking. Previously, we showed that an ancient transcription factor XAP5 is required for flagellar assembly in
Chlamydomonas
. Here, we show that XAP5 and XAP5L are two conserved pairs of antagonistic transcription regulators that control ciliary transcriptional programs during spermatogenesis. Male mice lacking either XAP5 or XAP5L display infertility, as a result of meiotic prophase arrest and sperm flagella malformation, respectively. Mechanistically, XAP5 positively regulates the ciliary gene expression by activating the key regulators including FOXJ1 and RFX families during the early stage of spermatogenesis. In contrast, XAP5L negatively regulates the expression of ciliary genes via repressing these ciliary transcription factors during the spermiogenesis stage. Our results provide new insights into the mechanisms by which temporal and spatial transcription regulators are coordinated to control ciliary transcriptional programs during spermatogenesis.
O papel do cooperativismo agropecuário no desenvolvimento territorial: um estudo de caso na COOPAR
Authors: Fang Wendelino , Maehler Alisson Eduardo , Gameiro Augusto Hauber
Published: April 2024

Este é um estudo que utiliza metodologia qualitativa para analisar a importância do cooperativismo agropecuário no desenvolvimento territorial, nas dimensões econômica e social. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo de caso na COOPAR (Cooperativa de Pequenos Agricultores da Região Sul Ltda), situada no município de São Lourenço do Sul/RS. No Brasil, o cooperativismo agropecuário é um dos principais ramos do cooperativismo, apresentando um elevado número de associados e colaboradores. O objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar as contribuições dessas instituições no desenvolvimento territorial local e, para isso, a coleta de dados ocorreu de diversas formas: pesquisa bibliográfica, entrevistas semiestruturadas com diversos atores, além de visitas in loco à sede da cooperativa e a associados. Os resultados demonstram que as cooperativas agropecuárias contribuem no desenvolvimento econômico e social nas comunidades onde as mesmas estão inseridas.
Causation, Types and Outcome of Road Traffic-related Ocular Injury in University of Llorin, Kwara, Nigeria
Authors: Oladejo Olawale Job , Popoola Dupe Serifat Ademola- , Nyamngee Amase , Owoeye Folu
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Despite transportation liberating man and making him mobile, his increasing reliance on vehicular movement has conferred great facilities on him and his activities. The most profound culprit of all modes of transport is the road, of which traffic accidents are the most disturbing consequence of its use. Road traffic-related ocular injuries often have severe consequences and form a significant part of ophthalmic emergencies. These injuries may be missed and are therefore often underreported. Aim: To determine the causation, types, and outcomes of road traffic-related ocular injuries at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Kwara, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 78 eyes of consecutive patients with road trafficrelated ocular injuries who presented at the Accident and Emergency unit of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Kwara, Algeria, between September 2012 and August 2013. The materials included the HOTV chart for vision assessment, which is a standardised, easy-to-use assessment method for both literate and illiterate individuals, a pen torch, direct ophthalmoscope, binocular indirect ophthalmoscope, slit lamp biomicroscope, Perkins tonometer, 2% fluorescein strip, 0.5% GuttTetracaine, and a handheld portable slit lamp ophthalmoscope. Patients’ demographics, duration of ocular injury before presentation, Visual Acuity (VA) at presentation, type of vehicle, place of injury, classification of ocular injury, treatment, and outcome on follow-up were recorded. Results: There were 78 eyes (72 patients) with road trafficrelated ocular injuries. The age range of the subjects was 3-55 years with a mean of 31.10 years. Forty-four (61.1%) patients were young men between 20-39 years. Fifty-one (70.8%) patients were males, and 21 (29.2%) were females, with a maleto-female ratio of 2.4:1. Most of the victims were traders (22, 30.6%), and fifty-two eyes (72.2%) presented within 12 hours of ocular injury. Motorcycles were associated with ocular injury in 37 (51.4%) patients. The most common injuries were of closed globe type (contusion, lamellar laceration, superficial foreign body) in 70 patients (89.7%). Conclusion: Road traffic-related injuries have increased over the past eight years in Nigeria. Males are more commonly injured in Road Traffic Injury (RTI), and motorcycles were the most common cause of injury to road users. Three out of 36 people injured in a vehicle at the time of injury used seat belts, while none of the riders and passengers on motorcycles wore helmets. The importance of prevention, the use of safety devices, and the avoidance of risk behaviors on the road need to be emphasised.