bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENCIPTAAN FOTOGRAFI EKSPRESI BANGUNAN CAGAR BUDAYA DENGAN MODIFIKASI TEKNIK KAMERA LUBANG JARUM (KLJ)
Authors: Andrea Novan J
Published: May 2021

Abstrak

Bangunan cagar budaya di Kota Yogyakarta merupakan warisan budaya yang perlu untuk dijaga kelestariannya. Selain memiliki nilai sejarah, bangunan cagar juga menjadi objek estetik dalam dunia fotografi. Dalam penciptaan ini, bangunan cagar budaya menjadi objek foto penciptaan karya fotografi ekspresi dengan teknik kamera lubang jarum (KLJ). Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan menerapkan prinsip kerja kamera lubang jarum (KLJ) dengan media kotak gelap dengan lubang kecil yang dikombinasikan dengan kamera DSLR sebagai alat pemotretan. Sedangkan media yang menjadi area pantulan proyeksi citra objek menggunakan kertas daur ulang yang ditata sedemikian rupa sehingga mampu menampilkan efek artistik tertentu dalam menyampaikan situasi paradoks bagi bangunan cagar budaya yang dijadikan sebagai objek penciptaan fotografi ekspresi ini. Tujuan dari penciptaan fotografi ekspresi dengan teknik kamera lubang jarum (KLJ) adalah sebagai sarana persuasif yang menggugah kesadaran masyarakat untuk menjaga kelestarian bangunan cagar budaya.

 

Kata Kunci: fotografi ekspresi, kamera lubang jarum (KLJ), cagar budaya
PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN KARAKTER KOMIK WARAK NGENDOG BERBASIS NILAI-NILAI KEARIFAN LOKAL
Authors: Khamadi Khamadi , Senoprabowo Abi
Published: May 2021

Warak Ngendog sebagai simbol persatuan dan maskot Kota Semarang memiliki nilai-nilai kearifan lokal yang penting untuk diwariskan ke generasi muda. Selama ini Warak Ngendog dekat dengan kehidupan masyarakat khususnya anak dalam bentuk mainan dan perayaan Dugderan yang diselenggarakan sekali dalam setahun. Trend menunjukkan mainan Warak Ngendog semakin kurang populer dikarenakan kehadiran karakter animasi yang lebih dekat dengan anak. Hal ini membuat pemahaman generasi muda tentang budaya Warak Ngendog semakin menurun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang desain karakter Warak Ngendog ke dalam media yang menjadi konsumsi generasi muda saat ini yaitu komik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk mendapatkan gambaran nilai kearifan lokal dalam Warak Ngendog yang kemudian dianalisis dan diimplementasikan dalam perancangan desain karakter komik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai estetika, nilai sosial, dan nilai religius menjadi unsur utama dalam perancangan karakter Warak Ngendog. Hasilnya sebuah desain karakter Warak Ngendog yang tetap mempertahankan keunikan visual dan memiliki penokohan yang baik representasi dari nilai sosial dan religius Warak Ngendog.
Salud Mental: retos y oportunidades en la era post-COVID
Authors: Camprodon Rosanas Ester
Published: May 2021

En diciembre de 2019 hubo un brote epidémico de neumonía en la Ciudad de Wuhan (China), se trataba del nuevo coronavirus SARS-Cov-2 (COVID-19). El virus se extendió rápidamente por todo el mundo tensionando los sistemas de salud. El desconocimiento de la enfermedad de COVID-19, con un pronóstico incierto y asociado a una falta de sistemas de protección, provocó la imposición de medidas restrictivas de las libertades individuales. En el caso de España se decretó el confinamiento estricto el 13 de marzo de 2020.
Duelo en infancia y adolescencia y en tiempos de COVID-19
Authors: Ortiz Villalobos A.
Published: May 2021

La situación actual nos está forzando a tener contacto con la muerte, que es un hecho ineludible y forma parte de la vida. Explicar este suceso resulta muy complicado, más aún si se trata de comunicárselo a los más pequeños. Ese será el punto de partida para elaborar su duelo, que es el proceso de adaptación normal que sigue a la pérdida de un ser querido y engloba las emociones, cogniciones, síntomas físicos y comportamientos que aparecen ante esa pérdida. Será diferente en cada persona y diferente según el momento de desarrollo. En estos tiempos de COVID, podrían tener que afrontar la primera muerte importante en sus vidas, el fallecimiento de un abuelo, y los rituales, que son ceremonias que nos ayudan a decir ese adiós, han sufrido una gran restricción y se necesita adaptarlos.
Impacto emocional durante el confinamiento por COVID-19 en menores de hospital de día y en sus padres/cuidadores
Authors: C.  , Martín Arranz E. , Fernández Rodríguez B. , Carrascal Joral E. , Diez Revuelta A.
Published: May 2021

La pandemia por COVID-19 puede incrementar la sintomatología de depresión, ansiedad y estrés en la población. Objetivo: evaluar el impacto emocional en los menores que acuden a Hospital de día y a sus padres/cuidadores. Material y método: se evalúa el impacto emocional en los menores y sus padres/cuidadores tras el confinamiento por el COVID-19. Para ello se utiliza unos cuestionarios autoaplicados (a los padres/cuidadores, el Cuestionario de 90 síntomas (SCL-90-R) y el Sistema de Evaluación de Niños y Adolescentes (SENA) y al menor, el Sistema de Evaluación de Niños y Adolescentes (SENA). Resultados: En los menores, las escalas de aislamiento, ira, depresión, ansiedad, agresión e índice de problemas emocionales son las que, con más frecuencia presentan puntuaciones extremas, según lo evaluado por los padres mediante el SENA. En el SENA autoevaluado por los menores, las puntuaciones extremas son más frecuentes en depresión, sintomatología postraumática e índice de problemas emocionales. En los padres, las escalas sintomáticas de obsesiones-compulsiones, sensibilidad interpersonal, depresión y ansiedad del SCL-90, son las que con más frecuencia tienen percentiles iguales o mayores de 90. Se ha observado mayor nivel de ansiedad y depresión en las madres. Conclusiones: Se ha observado un mayor impacto emocional en las madres debido a presentar mayores niveles de ansiedad y depresión en las mujeres en general y en la pandemia, en particular, y al ser las que más antecedentes de patología psiquiátrica presentan. Los menores han presentado poca repercusión emocional, observando, en la mayoría, una disminución de las situaciones estresantes académicas y sociales.
Estudio del impacto emocional de la pandemia por COVID-19 en niños de 7 a 15 años de Sevilla
Authors: Quero Libia , Moreno Montero-Galvache María Ángeles , De León Molinari Pedro , Espino Aguilar Rafael , Coronel Rodríguez Cristóbal
Published: May 2021

La pandemia COVID-19 ha generado cambios en las rutinas de vida, motivados por distanciamiento social y limitación de movilidad, que pueden provocar alteraciones en el estado emocional de niños y adultos tales como ansiedad y depresión, según estudios previos. Es probable que estas alteraciones permanezcan en el tiempo, aunque el estresor ya no actúe. Objetivos: valorar la salud emocional en una muestra de escolares de 7 a 15 años residentes en la ciudad de Sevilla, durante la pandemia COVID-19 en los meses de septiembre a noviembre 2020. Material y Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, multicéntrico (4 centros de reclutamiento), y transversal, aprobado por el comité local de ética. Los niños fueron seleccionados al azar simple; utilizando tabla de números aleatorios en los centros participantes a los que acudieron y en las salas de espera de dichos centros sanitarios, respondieron de manera anónima ellos solos el cuestionario Cuestionario Educativo-Clínico: Ansiedad y Depresión (CECAD) de ansiedad y depresión. Los cuestionarios fueron procesados con un programa informático diseñado para obtener los baremos en puntuaciones típicas por edades y sexo para las categorías evaluadas: ansiedad, depresión, inutilidad, irritabilidad, problemas de pensamiento y síntomas psicofisiológicos. El análisis estadístico se realizó con GNU PSPP 1.4.1-g79ad47. Resultados: La muestra del estudio incluyó 150 individuos: 77 niñas (51,3%) y 73 niños (48,7%) con una edad media de 10,85 +/- 2,01 años. El cuestionario CECAD cuantifico la media de valores de los parámetros estudiados y síntomas psicofisiológicos como normales por edad y sexo para la muestra seleccionada. Un 5% de los individuos de la muestra se catalogó como deprimidos según el punto de corte establecido, un 2 % de los individuos testados presentó ansiedad y un 10% de los escolares de la muestra elegida presentaron irritabilidad. Conclusiones: En la muestra estudiada no se observaron valores más elevados de depresión y ansiedad que en las muestras de referencia de características poblacionales parecidas a la misma. Los valores de referencia son anteriores a la era de pandemia, lo que permite informar que los niños sevillanos pertenecientes a la muestra evaluada entre 7-15 años están soportando esta compleja situación sin referir alteraciones significativas del estado emocional, hasta la fecha fin de estudio, ya que consideramos a la muestra como representativa de tal población.
Efectos de la pandemia COVID-19 en los dispositivos de salud mental. Infantil y Juvenil de un hospital general
Authors: Nuria  , Morer Astrid , Calvo-Escalona Rosa , Plana Maria Teresa , Lázaro Luisa , Baeza Inmaculada
Published: May 2021

Introducción: La pandemia COVID-19 ha supuesto cambios importantes en el modelo de asistencia, tanto en hospitales como en centros de salud mental. En este artículo analizaremos los cambios que dicha pandemia ha generado en las dinámicas de los dispositivos de salud mental Infantil y Juvenil del Hospital Clínic de Barcelona (HCB). Métodos: Análisis de los cambios realizados en el funcionamiento de los dispositivos de salud mental Infantil y Juvenil vinculados al HCB necesarios para la adaptación a la situación de pandemia ocasionada por la COVID-19. Asimismo, se revisan las nuevas dinámicas de trabajo de los profesionales en salud mental Infantil y Juvenil, requeridas por la situación de alarma sanitaria. Resultados: Durante las distintas fases del periodo de crisis sanitaria ocasionada por la COVID-19 (mediados de marzo-junio 2020), los dispositivos de salud mental Infanto-Juvenil (sala de hospitalización de agudos, urgencias, hospital de día, consultas externas) se han adaptado progresivamente a los requerimientos ocasionados por la situación de pandemia. De igual modo, los especialistas de Psiquiatría y Psicología infantil y juvenil han adaptado sus roles para hacer frente a dicha emergencia sanitaria según los requerimientos de atención médica y psicológica en cada una de las fases del periodo más agudo de la pandemia por coronavirus. Conclusiones: Los dispositivos de salud mental y los profesionales que trabajan en ellos han adaptado su modo de funcionamiento desde las etapas más agudas de la pandemia hasta el momento actual, de forma flexible y dinámica para continuar con el diagnóstico y tratamiento de los menores con patología psiquiátrica.
Trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en adolescentes durante pandemia covid-19: estudio transversal
Authors: Samatán-Ruiz Eva María , Ruiz-Lázaro Pedro Manuel
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: determinar tipos de comportamientos y gravedad de sintomatología en niños y adolescentes asistidos en una Unidad de Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria (TCA) durante el periodo de COVID-19 frente al mismo periodo del año anterior. Material y Método: estudio transversal retrospectivo descriptivo con un total de 132 pacientes de 151 reclutados tras su primera visita. Se analizaron características sociodemográficas, valores antropométricos, conductas alimentarias, comportamientos compensatorios y síntomas físicos y emocionales. Resultados: 61 pacientes fueron asignados al periodo comprendido entre el 1 de enero y el 31 de diciembre del 2019 y 71 al mismo periodo del 2020. El diagnóstico mayoritario en ambos grupos fue el de anorexia nerviosa restrictiva presentando una incidencia del 53,5% durante el confinamiento. El análisis sugirió una tendencia hacia las conductas restrictivas siendo la disminución entre 10 y 19,9 kg de peso significativa en el grupo de COVID (35,8%) frente al de No COVID (25,5%). La diferencia entre los pacientes categorizados de “alta gravedad” frente a los de “baja gravedad” durante la pandemia fue significativa con respecto al periodo anterior, utilizando un modelo de ajuste por edad y sexo ([IC 1,552 - 9,748]; p=0,003). Conclusiones: Los TCA afectan a una proporción de niños y adolescentes cada vez mayor.Durante el periodo de pandemia se ha observado más gravedad en las categorías con comportamientos más restrictivos y esto ha ido asociado a una mayor pérdida de peso.
Patrimonio arqueológico y políticas de conservación de la naturaleza en Uruguay
Authors: Villarmarzo Andreatta Eugenia
Published: May 2021

Se presenta el estado del arte de la conservación del patrimonio arqueológico en las áreas naturales protegidas en Uruguay. Han pasado diez años desde la implementación del Sistema Nacional de Áreas Protegidas (SNAP) y de la declaración de las primeras áreas, sin embargo, pese a que los valores culturales son parte de los objetivos asociados a la conservación, son escasos aún los avances en esta materia. El objetivo de este artículo es aportar al desarrollo de una estrategia nacional para la integración del patrimonio cultural a la conservación del patrimonio natural, a través de una síntesis de los antecedentes, normativa y documentos técnicos existentes, en relación con la inclusión y manejo de la gestión, protección y conservación del patrimonio arqueológico dentro de las áreas protegidas del SNAP. Se analizan seis planes de manejo aprobados, donde se comprueba que, en sólo dos, el patrimonio fue incluido como objeto focal. Se evidencia la tendencia hacia una mayor inclusión, aunque no así un criterio único y unificado hacia dentro del Sistema. La introducción del concepto de Paisaje cultural dentro de la planificación del Área Protegida de Laguna de Rocha, posibilita la necesaria inclusión del patrimonio dentro de las políticas sectoriales de ambiente y desarrollo territorial.
Textile Finishing Using Polymer Nanocomposites for Radiation Shielding, Flame Retardancy and Mechanical Strength
Authors:   CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, Gowri Sorna , Khan Mohammad Akram ,   CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, Srivastava Avanish Kumar ,   CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Published: May 2021

The uses of nanotechnologies in textiles are strategic and allow textiles to become multifunctional. There is an ever-increasing demand for new functionalities, like flame retardancy, radiation shielding, improved mechanical strength etc., for highly specific applications. There is no industrial supply for the above-mentioned functionalities. Keeping in view of this background, surface treatment becomes one of the most important methods to create new textile properties. Polymer nanocomposites based on coatings for textiles have a huge potential for innovative modifications of surface properties like flame retardancy, radiation shielding and improved mechanical properties, which can be applied with a comparatively low technical effort and at moderate temperatures. This review compiles recent research on polymer nanocomposites for functional finishing of textiles to understand the theoretical and experimental tools on polymer nanocomposites and their applications in textiles.
Diversity of macroalgae diversity in the tidal waters
Authors: Ahmad Nurfauzi , Hernawati Diana , Chaidir Diki Muhamad
Published: May 2021

The Tidal waters of Sancang beach are habitats for various marine biota, such as macroalgae. This research aims to find out the diversity of macroalgae species in the tidal waters of Sancang Beach, conducted in February-April 2020. This research uses qualitative methods, sampling techniques using purposive sampling with the help of transect belts. The stations used in the search consist of Station 1 in the Ciporeang area, Station 2 in the Cicukangjambe area, and Station 3 in the Cibako area. Each station has one 100-meter transect belt with a plot size of 1 x 1 meter. Ecological index calculations include diversity index, uniformity index, and dominance index. The results showed that 39 types of macroalgae were found consisting of 10 orders, 18 families, 26 genera with a total macroalgae count of 13324 individuals. The average value of the ecological index obtained includes the diversity index (H') 2.15 with the medium category, the uniformity index (E) 0.26 with the low category, and the dominance index (C) 0.19 with the low category.Keywords: Diversity, macroalgae, sancang beach, tidal waters
The feasibility of herbarium based local wisdom on plant structure and development subject
Authors: Ami Mucharommah Sartika , Yuliana Anggi Indah
Published: May 2021

The development of herbarium based on local wisdom as a learning media for the subject of plant structure and development, especially traditional food, is still very rare. This is very unfortunate because local wisdom contains pedagogical values that play an important role in improving the quality of learning. This study aims to determine the feasibility of the herbarium developed according to the validation results of the instructional media expert and herbarium expert. The development model used is ADDIE and the stages carried out in this research are up to the development stage. The results showed that the herbarium based on local wisdom developed was suitable as a learning media for the subject of plant structure and development, with an average score of the validation results of the two validators was 81,25. Both validators suggest using plant specimens that display complete organs, consisting of roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds in making herbariums.Keywords: Local wisdom, herbarium, learning media
Subject-specific pedagogy: Development of biology teaching materials based on van hiele thinking theory
Authors: Handoko Akbar , Sartika Santi , Anggoro Bambang Sri
Published: May 2021

The learning tools used by teachers at the junior high school level are inadequate. This research aims to develop teaching tools based on Van Hiele thinking theory. This research method was research and development. Data collection was carried out using expert design validation sheets covering material, media, language, student response questionnaires, and teacher assessment sheets. The research results indicate that the percentage of science teacher (biology) assessments on the product were 76.5% and with proper criteria, after revision, the results show a higher percentage was 83% with very feasible criteria. The preliminary results or limited field trials of students have a percentage was 83% with very feasible criteria. Meanwhile, large group product trials have a percentage was 84%. This shows that the results of large group trials are higher when compared to limited trials (84%> 83%). So, concluded of this research that the Subject Specific Pedagogy based on Van Hiele thinking theory is very feasible to use.Keywords: Subject specific pedagogy, van hiele theory, teaching tools
Impact of cognitive impairment on the upper limb function recovery after lacunar stroke
Authors:   Privolzhskiy Research Medical University of the MOH Russia, Semenova T. N. , Grigoryeva V. N. ,   Privolzhskiy Research Medical University of the MOH Russia, Guzanova E. V. ,   Privolzhskiy Research Medical University of the MOH Russia
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to evaluate impact of cognitive impairments on the upper limb function recovery after acute lacunar stroke (LS). Material and methods. 139 patients (aged from 35 to 80 y. o.) with acute LS were examined. Along with the clinical and neurological examination, an upper limb function was evaluated by Action Research Arm Test and 9-Hole Peg Test, a study of cognitive status was made using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (МоСа) and Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). Results. Impaired upper limb function was revealed in 79% of patients with LS. After 2 weeks of acute period of LS, a significant improvement or the complete recovery of the upper limb function was observed in 81%. Moderate/severe executive dysfunction (FAB < 15 points) was defined in 65% of patients with LS and upper limb dysfunction. Moderate/severe cognitive impairments (МоСа < 26 points) were revealed in almost 55% of patients. In acute period of LS, the negative prognostic factor for complete recovery or significant improvement of the arm function was the presence of moderate/severe executive dysfunction (OR 3.89; 95% CI 1.07-14.19; p = 0.04) and general cognitive deficit (OR 3.27; 95% CI 1.10-9.70; p = 0.03). Conclusions. Cognitive impairments including executive disorders may affect the upper limb function recovery in acute period of LS. The data obtained can be used for the development of personalized rehabilitation programs for these patients.
Topical issues of midwifery services under coronavirus pandemic in the area with low population density
Authors:   Noyabrskaya Central Municipal Hospital, Ovchinnikova M. B , Arutyunyants A. G. ,   Noyabrskaya Central Municipal Hospital
Published: May 2021

The purpose was to describe the algorithms of midwifery services in the area with low population density under the coronavirus pandemic and to evaluate SARS-Cov-2 as a threatening factor for pregnancy and childbirth. Material and methods. 205 pregnant women aged from 16 to 42 y. o., with virusologically conformed presence of SARS-Cov-2, in the gestation period from 5 to 40 weeks were explored. Of them, 126 pregnant patients were hospitalized and monitored up to the recovery from COVID-19 or delivery. The features of pregnancy and childbirth, perinatal outcomes were studied. The obtained data were compared with the published data to identify the true and false threats of COVID-19 to a mother and a baby in case of the «third wave» of the pandemic. Results. Observation showed that pregnant women tend to have a lighter course of SARS-Cov-2 compared to the population and the frequency of critical condition is no more that 0.8%. The frequency of preterm birth is 1.5 % of all births of COVID-19 infected pregnant women, and the frequency of miscarriage is 0.58 % of all COVID-19 infected pregnant women. This does not confirm the published data of high proportion of preterm birth and misbirth (18-19%). Conclusion. Our investigation does not confirm that COVID-19 adds the complexity of the course of pregnancy and makes its outcomes worse.
Development of higher mental functions through music lessons: neurocognitive aspects of music learning
Authors:   Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of the RMACPE MOH Russia, Belousova M. V. , Kazinik M. S. ,   Musical expert of the Nobel Concert, Merkulova V. A. ,   Institute of Psychotherapy and Clinical Psychology, Futina N. V. ,   Children’s Music School No. 7 named after A.S. Klyucharev
Published: May 2021

The article contains theoretical material on higher mental functions and neurocognitive mechanisms involved in providing various forms of musical learning (playing a musical instrument, singing, working with rhythm). The article provides a niveau identification of the areas of the cerebral cortex involved in the perception and processing of musical impressions, in the implementation of highly coordinated motor activity, auditory control, perception of melody and rhythm. The neurocognitive features are indicated that are formed in a child during active music playing and during passive listening to music. The article provides information on the formation of certain competencies during music lessons and the possibilities of their subsequent improvement in other aspects of educational activities, in sports, in the study of foreign languages, in the development of emotional intelligence, in the training of adaptability and cognitive flexibility.
Respiratory panic attacks and COVID-19 Contact details: Kotova O.V. — PhD (medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Pathology Address: 45 Dubninskaya St., building 1, apt. 1, Moscow, Russian Federation, 127174, tel.: +7-903-117-99-83, e-mail: ol_kotova@mail.ru The unpredictability of the COVID-19 spread and the pandemic has led to a loss of self-control in many people, to anxiety and panic. Social restrictions due to the new coronavirus infection also negatively affected the mental and social well-being of the population. Under these conditions, the mental disorders incidence, including panic disorders, has increased significantly and has attracted attention to this problem as one of the current pandemic consequences. Panic attacks can have a significant respiratory component. In such cases, panic attacks are called respiratory attacks, and their clinical manifestations may be similar to some of the COVID-19 symptoms. For example, coughing and breathlessness are common in coronavirus infection and are potentially considered by patients as а high risk symptoms of an adverse outcome, and cause fear of developing acute respiratory distress syndrome. Due to the possibility of the increase of the respiratory panic attacks prevalence after the COVID-19 pandemic has regressed, the relevance of timely detection and adequate treatment of panic disorder is increasing. Key words: panic attacks, hyperventilation syndrome, respiratory panic attacks, panic disorder, COVID-19
Authors:   International society «Stress under control», Kotova O. V. , Artemenko A. R. ,   I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Belyaev A. A. ,   N. V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Emergency Medicine, Akarachkova E. S. ,   International society «Stress under control», Medvedev V. E. ,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia
Published: May 2021

The unpredictability of the COVID-19 spread and the pandemic has led to a loss of self-control in many people, to anxiety and panic. Social restrictions due to the new coronavirus infection also negatively affected the mental and social well-being of the population. Under these conditions, the mental disorders incidence, including panic disorders, has increased significantly and has attracted attention to this problem as one of the current pandemic consequences. Panic attacks can have a significant respiratory component. In such cases, panic attacks are called respiratory attacks, and their clinical manifestations may be similar to some of the COVID-19 symptoms. For example, coughing and breathlessness are common in coronavirus infection and are potentially considered by patients as а high risk symptoms of an adverse outcome, and cause fear of developing acute respiratory distress syndrome. Due to the possibility of the increase of the respiratory panic attacks prevalence after the COVID-19 pandemic has regressed, the relevance of timely detection and adequate treatment of panic disorder is increasing.
Risk of developing unwanted reactions during preventive intake of anti-tuberculosis drugs in children with latent infection
Authors:   Smolensk State Medical University, Krikova A. V. , Krutikova N. Yu. ,   Smolensk State Medical University, Teshchenkov A. V. ,   Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov
Published: May 2021

The course of tuberculosis infection affects not only the target organs but also the physical development of children and the metabolic processes of the body. Unfortunately, not much attention is paid to the consequences of tuberculosis infection, and adequate correction of the damage caused to the body. Also, various undesirable reactions that occur against the background of the use of specific anti-tuberculosis drugs for therapeutic and preventive purposes are not always registered. It is necessary to rationally approach the appointment of such specific therapy, correctly choose each specific drug, taking into account the characteristic side effects. Special attention must be paid to the coordinated joint work of phthisiatricians and pediatricians for each specific patient to minimize iatrogenic complications.
Гипофосфатемический рахит у детей — клинические и генетические аспекты, подходы к терапии
Authors:   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Maltsev S. V. , Safina A. I. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy — branch of FSBEI FPE RMACPE MON Russia, Mihajlova T. V. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy — branch of FSBEI FPE RMACPE MON Russia
Published: May 2021

Hypophosphatemic rickets (phosphate-diabetes) is a group of diseases associated with a defect in the reabsorption of phosphates in the proximal tubules, manifested by phosphaturia, hypophosphatemia and rickets deformities of the skeleton bones. Phosphate-diabetes has different genetic variants that determine the nature and severity of clinical manifestations. X-linked dominant hypophosphatemic rickets occurs most often (in 50-90% of cases). For the diagnosis, along with clinical characteristics, an important role is assigned to the study of partial renal functions, with the determination of clearance, excreted fraction of calcium and phosphates, as well as other indicators of calcium-phosphorus metabolism. Molecular genetic research helps to determine the form of the disease. Therapy for hypophosphatemic rickets should be differentiated depending on the type of disease. The timely appointment of an adequate pathogenetic therapy helps to slow down the formation of rickety deformities of the skeleton, positive growth dynamics, and an increase in physical activity.
Interdisciplinary approach to diagnostics and treatment osteomyelitis
Authors:   People’s Friendship University of Russia, Rimashevskiy D. V. , Akhtyamov I. F. ,   Kazan State Medical University, Fedulichev P. N. ,   S. I.	Georgievsky Medical Academy оf V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University
Published: May 2021

Today, large-scale studies of various aspects of osteomyelitis and the search for new methods of treatment did not prevent us from failure to achieve infection eradication in a big part of osteomyelitis patients. Often, we are not able to fully restore the function of the affected part of the body. A special problem of recent decades is implant-associated osteomyelitis since the number of hardware implanted by trauma and orthopedic surgeons continues to rise every year, and the frequency of postoperative infectious complications does not decrease despite all efforts to prevent them. The social significance of osteomyelitis is difficult to overestimate. This is not only a large cost to the health system for the treatment of patients, but also a decrease in the quality and life expectancy of patients. Perhaps our failures in the treatment of osteomyelitis are due to our incomplete understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease and the inconsistency of interdisciplinary interaction. This lecture summarizes the current understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of osteomyelitis, the most popular classifications of the disease both in terms of age and etiology, the route of infection into the bone, the clinical course, the anatomical type of bone damage and the physiological class of patients.
Circadian rhythms disorders in athletes and possibilities for their correction
Authors:   Federal Medical Biophysical Center named after A. I. Burnazyan of FMBA of Russia, Samoylov A. S. , Rylova N. V. ,   Federal Medical Biophysical Center named after A. I. Burnazyan of FMBA of Russia, Kozhokaru A. B. ,   Federal Medical Biophysical Center named after A. I. Burnazyan of FMBA of Russia, Zholinskiy A. V. ,   Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation of the FMBA of Russia, Pustovoit V. I. ,   Federal Medical Biophysical Center named after A. I. Burnazyan of FMBA of Russia, Klyuchnikov M. S. ,   Federal Medical Biophysical Center named after A. I. Burnazyan of FMBA of Russia, Nazaryan S. E. ,   Federal Medical Biophysical Center named after A. I. Burnazyan of FMBA of Russia
Published: May 2021

Transmeridional movement and the corresponding change in the time zone are accompanied by a syndrome complex, which is called acute desynchronosis. Acute desynchronosis is manifested in athletes by pronounced disturbances of the sleep-wake rhythm and vegetative-vascular shifts. This can lead to a significant decrease in functional readiness of athletes and their temporary inability to fully work in the new environment. Similarly, moving to an area with an unusual climate also leads to the development of adaptive responses that reduce functionality. There are several therapeutic strategies to counteract the detrimental effects of jet lag on the normal circadian cycle. More research is needed to develop specific treatment recommendations for athletes.
Analysis of fatal cases during the treatment of patients with acute arterial insufficiency of the lower extremities in the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, Bilalov I. V.
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the issues of rendering emergency surgery to patients with acute arterial insufficiency caused by acute thromboses, embolism, positional compression, and traumas of the main arteries of the lower extremities. The article presents the analysis of 78 records of in-house patients with fatal outcome in the surgery departments of the Central Republic Hospital and vascular surgery departments in the Republic of Tatarstan from 2017 to 2020. The author analyzes eth frequent mistakes in diagnosing and selecting the treatment tactics of patients with acute arterial insufficiency of the lower extremities, which, in the author’s opinion, could have aggravated the patient’s condition and become the cause of a fatal outcome. The criteria are discussed, which influence the choice of various approaches to treating patients with acute thromboses, embolism, and traumas of the main arteries in elderly patients with accompanying severe pathologies.
Influence of the temperature factor in the Far North on meteosensitive patients with arterial hypertension
Authors:   Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Ivanova E. G. , Potemina T. E. ,   Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Makarova E. V. ,   Privolzhsky Research Medical University
Published: May 2021

The purpose is to study the effect of ambient temperature in the Far North on meteosensitive patients with various degrees and clinical variants of arterial hypertension. Material and methods. 250 people took part in the study — 142 men (56,8%) and 108 women (43,2%), permanently residing in the territory of KhMAO-UGRA. All patients had a confirmed diagnosis of Grade 1-3 arterial hypertension (AH). The average age is not younger than 18 and not older than 75 years. The average duration of hypertension was 15,7 (0,5) years (p = 0,9). Also, the duration of observation of all patients was taken into account according to control charts (CC). The sample ranged from 6 months to 3 years. The assessment of the meteorological conditions influence was carried out using test indices: A. Grigoriev’s test-index, D. Rudder’s kerosotropic test-index, and I. Kerdo’s vegetative test-index. The indicators of life quality were assessed using the MOS SF-36 questionnaire. Results. The development of meteotropic reactions, including arterial pressure slip effect (APSE), in meteosensitive patients was 2 times more often observed in women with AH 2 and 3 degrees, on the days of the passage of cyclones and anticyclones. Conclusion. The ambient temperature is a predictor of meteotropic reactions in meteosensitive patients with hypertension permanently living in the Far North. The CC method allows identifying the periods of APSE and developing a predictive model.
Diagnostic value of assessment of coronary calcification in dysplastic heart
Authors:   Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Pimenov L. T. , Remnyakov V. V. ,   Republican Clinical and Diagnostic Center of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Udmurt Republic, Smetanin M. Yu. ,   Republican Clinical and Diagnostic Center of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Udmurt Republic, Avdeev E. N. ,   Republican Clinical and Diagnostic Center of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Udmurt Republic, Chernyshova T. E. ,   Izhevsk State Medical Academy
Published: May 2021

The problem of heart connective tissue dysplasia syndrome is extremely relevant due to the increased risk of rhythm and conduction disorders, infectious endocarditis, thromboembolism and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Structural heart diseases (SHD) are manifestations of minor anomalies of the cardiovascular system development. Dysplastic heart refers to the combination of constitutional, topographical, anatomical, and functional features of the heart in a patient with connective tissue dysplasia (CTD). The standard for the diagnosis of coronary calcification (CC), one of the known predictors of coronary heart disease (CHD) and complications of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), is multispiral computed tomography (MSCT).
Clinical case of recurrent vomiting in a child: diagnostic search from functional gastrointestinal disorders to piloid astrocytoma
Authors:   Samara State Medical University, Voronina E. N. , Pechkurov D. V. ,   Samara State Medical University, Tyazheva A. A. ,   Samara State Medical University, Kozarez E. V. ,   Samara Regional Clinical Hospital named after V.D. Seredavin, Strepnev B. B. ,   Samara Regional Clinical Hospital named after V.D. Seredavin
Published: May 2021

The urgency of the problem of recurrent vomiting in children is due not only to the high prevalence of this syndrome, but also to a wide range of reasons for its development. The article presents a clinical case of observation of a child with recurrent vomiting syndrome. It shows the dynamics of the disease, the importance of identifying such «anxiety symptom» as the nutritional status violation. In this case, the cause of vomiting of central genesis was not immediately taken into account, although differential diagnosis presupposes an integrated approach, and doctors' oncological alertness should be constantly preserved even in pediatrics.
Morphological characteristics of the placenta in infectious lesions
Authors:   Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases, Agafonova A. V. , Vasiliev V. V. ,   Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases, Rogozina N. V. ,   Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases
Published: May 2021

The need for early diagnosis of congenital infections is due to the high incidence of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal period. Morphological study of the placenta has great practical value for the diagnosis of congenital infections in fetuses. It allows optimizing the supervision of newborns and preventing the development of severe perinatal complications. Comprehensive assessment of the course of pregnancy in combination with morphological examination of the placenta are important in predicting the condition of the newborns, the formation of risk groups, and prevention and treatment of children. In case of antenatal death of the fetus, the afterbirth becomes one of the main sources for diagnosing infection and determining the death causes. The review describes the morphofunctional changes in the placenta in infectious lesions, detected using various techniques in relation to practice of pediatricians and infectious disease specialists.
Difficulties in diagnosing the myocardial infarction of the left ventricle inferior wall involving the right ventricle
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, Mayanskaya S. D. , Gilmanov A. A. ,   Republican Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, Rudneva T. V. ,   Republican Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, Mangusheva M. M. ,   Kazan State Medical University, Simon E. S. ,   Kazan State Medical University, Kharisova A. A. ,   Kazan State Medical University, Usmanova A. F. ,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: May 2021

The article presents a clinical observation of myocardial infarction (MI) of the inferior wall of the left ventricle (LV) with ST-segment elevation in combination with damage to the right ventricle (RV). Unfortunately, there is often a delay in the timely diagnosis of RV involvement in the process. This is because, at the beginning of the symptoms, it may not differ clinically from the typical manifestations of MI of the inferior-diaphragmatic region of the LV. However, the combination of LV inferior wall MI with RV MI is an important, negative predictor of increased mortality in these patients. In this case, RV MI was diagnosed after stenting of the right coronary artery, only when signs of hypotension and increased pressure of the jugular veins appeared. Based on the analysis of this clinical case, the authors discuss the need to record an ECG of the right heart in most patients with inferior MI, especially in the presence of hypotension without signs of acute left ventricular failure.
Subcapsular hematoma of the liver: to operate or not to operate?
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, Minnullin M. M. , Minnullina F. F. ,   Kazan Federal University, Zefirov R. A. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital, Mukhametzyanova L. M. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital
Published: May 2021

The pregnancies after the 28th week of gestation have a formidable complication - preeclampsia, which can lead to the development of the HELLP syndrome if not timely diagnosed and treated. That leads to multiple organ failure with decompensation of the basic vital functions. In half of the cases the DIC syndrome and acute renal failure may develop; rather seldom, subcapsular haematoma of the liver develops, while the liver rupture can lead to extremely serious consequences for a pregnant woman or a woman in labor, up to fatal outcome. There is little information about the treatment tactics for that pathology. It is still unclear if the patients with a large subcapsular haematoma of the liver due to HELLP syndrome should be operated. The article presents a clinical case of conservative treatment of a patient with this complication.
Mature teratoma in pregnancy and in the postpartum period
Authors:   Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology Kazan Federal University, Khasanov A. A. , Egamberdieva L. D. ,   Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology Kazan Federal University, Minnullina F. F. ,   Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology Kazan Federal University, Mukhametzyanova L. M. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital
Published: May 2021

Ovarian tumors are detected in 2-3% of pregnant women. They may cause complications such as torsion of the tumor or appendages, rupture of the capsule, threat of termination of pregnancy or premature birth, obstruction of the birth canal, risk of tumor malignancy. Patients with mature teratomas most often have no or few symptoms, hence complicated diagnostics. The bimanual examination and the ultrasound method are not so effective due to the pregnancy. The tumor markers are not so meaningful in the differential diagnosis of malignant diseases, which complicates the choice of treatment tactics. That is why we present the clinical cases of pregnancies with a mature teratoma. The correct differential diagnosis of complications of ovarian tumors with diseases such as endometritis and other inflammatory diseases are very important.
Patient compliance level as a basis for personalization of non-drug treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors:   Smolensk State Medical University, Venidiktova D. Yu.
Published: May 2021

The purpose — to determine the effect of patient’s compliance level on the appointment of personalized non-drug treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Material and methods. 208 patients with excess body mass were examined, 177 patients with excess fat mass (according to the bioimpedance analyses) were included into the study. The patients (n = 93) were divided into groups according to their compliance level: Group 1 (n = 31, 33.3%) — low level; Group 2 (n = 38, 40.9%) — average level; Group 3 (n = 24, 25.8%) — high level of compliance. The period of observation was 3 months. The treatment program was selected depending on the compliance and physical activity levels. The control group (n = 84) included patients without personalized treatment. The unified diagnostic algorithm applied to all patients included biochemical blood test parameters, quantitative ultrasound steatometry within the combined elastography and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in the «Whole body» mode. Results. Groups of patients were formed according to the NAFLD stage: hepatic steatosis (n = 23, 24.7%), steatohepatitis with liver fibrosis F0-F1 (n = 41, 44.1%), steatohepatitis with liver fibrosis F2-F3 (n = 27, 29%), liver cirrhosis F4 (n = 2, 2.2%). The connection was revealed between the NAFLD stage decrease in the direction “fibrosis ^ steatohepatitis ^ steatosis” (with a fat mass index decrease) and the compliance level, which served as the basis for the non-drug treatment tactics. Conclusion. A preliminary assessment of the patient’s compliance for the NAFLD non-drug treatment is effective for the progressing along the disease stages of reduction of clinical and morphological manifestations. Quantitative ultrasound steatometry with dual¬energy X-ray absorptiometry in the ««Whole body» mode can be used in patients refusing liver biopsy.
Kawa-COVID-19 Storm: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with SARS-CoV-2?
Authors: Altable Marcos
Published: May 2021

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a new type of serious disease that affects children in childhood and is associated with infection with SARS-CoV-2.

According to current data, COVID-19 is less common in children and has a milder course. Recently, however, there has been an increase in the number of pediatric patients worldwide who have symptoms resembling Kawasaki disease after overcoming COVID-19 infection. Kawa-COVID-19 probably represents a new systemic inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 (MIS-C) in children. Symptoms of Kawa-COVID-19 occur in pediatric patients approximately two weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infecton, and in 50% of cases, the most common complication is myocarditis. Prognostic severe factors include patients over five years old and ferritin concentrations> 1400 μg / L. Further international studies will be needed in the future to help better understand the nature of the disease.
INEQUALITIES REFINING RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN MIXED MODULES OF SMOOTHNESS IN METRICS OF $L_p$ AND $L_{\infty}$
Authors:   Moscow State University, Potapov M.K. , Simonov B.V. ,   Volgograd State Technical University
Published: May 2021

The problem of estimating the moduli of smoothness of functions from Lq in terms of their moduli of smoothness from Lp is well known. The first stage in the estimation of moduli of smoothness was the study of the properties of functions from the Lipschitz classes and obtaining the corresponding embeddings in the works of Titchmarsh, Hardy, Littlewood, Nikol’skii. The classical Hardy-Littlewood embedding for Lipschitz spaces can be obtained as a consequence of the Ulyanov’s inequality for the moduli of continuity of a function of one variable. In the works of Ulyanov, the modulus of smoothness of natural order was considered. The introduction of fractional moduli of smoothness made it possible in the works of Potapov, Simonov, Tikhonov to strengthen the Ulyanov’s inequality. Later, the same authors were able to generalize Ulyanov’s inequality to functions of two variables, obtaining estimates for mixed moduli of smoothness. The sharpness of these inequalities was proved in the case when 1 < 𝑝 < 𝑞 < ∞ or 1 = 𝑝 < 𝑞 = ∞. In this article, we study mixed moduli of smoothness of fractional orders of a function of two variables. Inequalities are obtained that refine the previously known estimates of the Ulyanov type inequalities between mixed moduli of smoothness in the metrics Lp and Lq for values 1 < 𝑝 < 𝑞 = ∞. The accuracy of the obtained estimates is investigated. The relationship between these and previously known estimates has been studied.