bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Top-Down Modulation of Auditory-Motor Integration during Speech Production: The Role of Working Memory
Authors: Guo Zhiqiang , Wu Xiuqin , Li Weifeng , Jones Jeffery A. , Yan Nan , Sheft Stanley , Liu Peng , Liu Hanjun
Published: September 2017

Although working memory (WM) is considered as an emergent property of the speech perception and production systems, the role of WM in sensorimotor integration during speech processing is largely unknown. We conducted two event-related potential experiments with female and male young adults to investigate the contribution of WM to the neurobehavioural processing of altered auditory feedback during vocal production. A delayed match-to-sample task that required participants to indicate whether the pitch feedback perturbations they heard during vocalizations in test and sample sequences matched, elicited significantly larger vocal compensations, larger N1 responses in the left middle and superior temporal gyrus, and smaller P2 responses in the left middle and superior temporal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, somatosensory cortex, right inferior frontal gyrus, and insula compared with a control task that did not require memory retention of the sequence of pitch perturbations. On the other hand, participants who underwent extensive auditory WM training produced suppressed vocal compensations that were correlated with improved auditory WM capacity, and enhanced P2 responses in the left middle frontal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, right inferior frontal gyrus, and insula that were predicted by pretraining auditory WM capacity. These findings indicate that WM can enhance the perception of voice auditory feedback errors while inhibiting compensatory vocal behavior to prevent voice control from being excessively influenced by auditory feedback. This study provides the first evidence that auditory-motor integration for voice control can be modulated by top-down influences arising from WM, rather than modulated exclusively by bottom-up and automatic processes.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOne outstanding question that remains unsolved in speech motor control is how the mismatch between predicted and actual voice auditory feedback is detected and corrected. The present study provides two lines of converging evidence, for the first time, that working memory cannot only enhance the perception of vocal feedback errors but also exert inhibitory control over vocal motor behavior. These findings represent a major advance in our understanding of the top-down modulatory mechanisms that support the detection and correction of prediction-feedback mismatches during sensorimotor control of speech production driven by working memory. Rather than being an exclusively bottom-up and automatic process, auditory-motor integration for voice control can be modulated by top-down influences arising from working memory.
Revisiting biomarker discovery by plasma proteomics
Authors: Geyer Philipp E , Holdt Lesca M , Teupser Daniel , Mann Matthias
Published: September 2017

Clinical analysis of blood is the most widespread diagnostic procedure in medicine, and blood biomarkers are used to categorize patients and to support treatment decisions. However, existing biomarkers are far from comprehensive and often lack specificity and new ones are being developed at a very slow rate. As described in this review, mass spectrometry (MS)‐based proteomics has become a powerful technology in biological research and it is now poised to allow the characterization of the plasma proteome in great depth. Previous “triangular strategies” aimed at discovering single biomarker candidates in small cohorts, followed by classical immunoassays in much larger validation cohorts. We propose a “rectangular” plasma proteome profiling strategy, in which the proteome patterns of large cohorts are correlated with their phenotypes in health and disease. Translating such concepts into clinical practice will require restructuring several aspects of diagnostic decision‐making, and we discuss some first steps in this direction.
Familial MTC with RET exon 8 Gly533Cys mutation: origin and prevalence of second malignancy
Authors: Saltiki Katerina , Anagnostou Elli , Simeakis George , Kouki Sofia , Angelopoulou Anastasia , Sarika Leda , Papathoma Alexandra , Alevizaki Maria
Published: September 2017

Introduction

High prevalence of RET p.Gly533Cys (c.1597G > T) has been found in familial MTC in Greece (exon 8 fMTC). We studied their origin and compared clinical characteristics with non-exon 8 fMTC.

Methods

102 fMTC (FMTC and MEN2A) patients (31.4% males) were followed for 2.9–37 years (median 6 years). Fifty-one carried the RET exon 8 mutation; the remaining were non-exon 8 fMTC (exons 10, 11, 13, 14). Pre-, post-operative calcitonin, disease extent at diagnosis and follow-up and families’ place of origin were recorded.

Results

Exon 8 fMTC were older (42.3 ± 13.3 vs 30.8 ± 17.8 years, P < 0.001), including index cases (P = 0.016). In index cases, the stage at diagnosis was more favorable in exon 8 fMTC compared to non-exon 8 fMTC (stage I and II: 65% vs 23.8%, stage III: 25% vs 57.1%, stage IV: 10% vs 19%, P = 0.025). More favorable outcome was noted in exon 8 fMTCs (remission: 72.5% vs 45.8%, stable disease: 27.5% vs 41.7%, progression: 0.0% vs 12.5%, P = 0.001). Exon 8 fMTC patients carried more frequently a second malignancy (25.5% vs 6.3%, P = 0.009); 69% of these were PTCs. Exon 8 fMTC patients were significantly older at diagnosis compared to non-exon 8 moderate-risk RET carriers and presented more favorable clinical outcome (remission: 72.5% vs 50%, stable disease: 27.5% vs 41.7%, progression: 0.0% vs 8.3%, P = 0.021). This difference remained when only index cases were analyzed. ‘Hot spots’ in the origin of exon 8 fMTCs families were recognized. No phenotype or outcome differences were found between the exon 8 families from the various regions.

Conclusions

In exon 8 fMTCs’ older age, favorable disease stage at diagnosis and favorable outcome suggest slow disease progression compared to non-exon 8 fMTC. Compared with moderate-risk RET mutation carriers, exon 8 fMTC patients have a more favorable clinical outcome. The higher prevalence of second malignancies, especially PTC, not previously reported, merits further investigation. Increased awareness for inherited disease is required for patients with apparently sporadic MTC originating from recognized ‘hot spots’, as the age at presentation is usually delayed.
Los Jóvenes en la Cultura Digital
Authors: Marta Lazo Carmen
Published: September 2017

En la presente contribución, tratamos de abrir un diálogo sobre la epistemología y aplicaciones de la investigación sobre cultura digital y jóvenes desde diferentes vertientes. El objetivo es observar el estado de la cuestión y hacia dónde van las tendencias no solo de los usos digitales, en sentido instrumental, sino desde la perspectiva de la apropiación tecnológica y de la participación social. Para abordar estas aristas de investigación, nos basaremos en las aportaciones de Delia Crovi y Luz Garay, quienes han realizado un reciente proyecto titulado “Jóvenes y cultura digital. Nuevos escenarios de interacción social”, con jóvenes entre 18 y 30 años de cinco universidades mexicanas, mediante seis grupos focales, once grupos de discusión, 3.188 cuestionarios y entrevistas a 39 jóvenes.
Miguel Baraona Cockerell: La trama y los hilos. Modernización capitalista y las cuatro espirales de la modernidad. EUNA 2016
Authors: Rincón Soto Lucía
Published: September 2017

En el siguiente trabajo se expone la línea de pensamiento de Miguel Baraona Cockerell presente en su libro La trama y los hilos. Modernización capitalista y las cuatro espirales de la modernidad. En este mismo, grosso modo, plantea que globalización, modernización, conflicto y resistencia son parte intrínseca de la modernidad. Esta concatenación de hechos ha producido una espiral de problemáticas que atentan contra la existencia de la humanidad, las cuales son explicadas de manera contundente por el autor. Su crítica al sistema capitalista pone en evidencia la urgencia de un cambio de mentalidad, un Nuevo Humanismo que se concretará, en lo posible, a partir de la confluencia de movimientos sociales con una conciencia tendiente a la creación de un mundo posible.
El decisivo impacto de la participación sobre la realización de los derechos: Un análisis de las dinámicas sociales en torno a la propiedad en Bolivia
Authors: Vargas Gamboa Nataly Viviana
Published: September 2017

Los derechos de participación política en Bolivia han estado siempre subordinados a la tenencia de la tierra, ello ha provocado que hasta nuestros días la realización de los derechos humanos se encuentre determinada por la propiedad. Las dinámicas de participación se han entendido como una lucha por la inclusión de los grupos vulnerables en el Estado, cuyas manifestaciones se encuentran vinculadas fuertemente al acceso a la propiedad y la vivienda. Los movimientos sociales han emergido con el convencimiento de que se encuentran ante una oportunidad histórica para cambiar las reglas discriminatorias y excluyentes a partir de la participación. En este contexto los asentados irregulares constituyen uno de los mejores testimonios de la lucha por la participación a partir de la propiedad. El presente estudio tiene por objeto describir las prácticas excluyentes derivadas del acceso a la tierra desde la conformación del Estado y demostrar, a partir de las experiencias del barrio 26 de agosto de la ciudad de Tarija, que los derechos humanos se encuentran todavía subordinados a títulos propietarios.
Vaivenes y claroscuros de la enseñanza de los derechos humanos en Argentina
Authors: Siede Isabelino A.
Published: September 2017

¿Cuánto y cómo el sistema educativo argentino ha asumido su compromiso internacional de enseñar los derechos humanos? ¿Qué distancias y distorsiones ha habido entre las prescripciones curriculares y las prácticas pedagógicas de las escuelas? Este artículo considera algunos matices condicionantes de la enseñanza de los derechos humanos en Argentina. Para ello desarrolla un somero recorrido genealógico por el proceso de inserción curricular de los derechos humanos como contenido específico, controvertido y polifacético de la educación primaria y secundaria, en relación con los debates políticos de cada momento, a lo largo de casi siete décadas, desde 1949 hasta la actualidad. En función de aproximarse al currículo real de las escuelas, el texto incluye algunos testimonios de docentes de diferentes regiones, que expresan sus enfoques y dudas en relación con este contenido y los criterios para su enseñanza. Finalmente, al autor reseña algunos riesgos y tensiones en las modalidades de inserción curricular y las políticas públicas desarrolladas en los últimos años para incluir el abordaje de los derechos humanos en el sistema educativo formal de la Argentina.
Sistematización de experiencias: reconstrucción de la memoria histórica del Frente Nacional de Pueblos Indígenas (FRENAPI), dilucidando las experiencias de contraste y las acciones contenciosas en procura de construcción de Derechos Humanos
Authors: Quesada García David
Published: September 2017

El propósito del presente artículo es reflexionar sobre las luchas por los derechos humanos de los pueblos indígenas costarricenses, a partir de un ejercicio de sistematización de experiencias, que consistió en una reconstrucción del proceso vivido por el Frente Nacional de Pueblos Indígenas desde el 2001 hasta el 2014, a través de la recuperación de parte de su memoria histórica, de su caminar y de su identidad como movimiento. Este acercamiento se hace desde una mirada sociológica, cuyo énfasis es conocer el proceso de producción y los aprendizajes intrínsecos a las luchas por la defensa y la promoción en derechos humanos llevadas a cabo por la plataforma de movimientos indígenas. Entre sus conclusiones se destaca el crecimiento de las acciones llevadas a cabo, por medio de la organización, sensibilización y concientización en derechos humanos de estos pueblos indígenas.
La accesibilidad de las TIC en Costa Rica: Un cambio disruptivo en la mente de la sociedad costarricense
Authors: Ríos Navarro Darío
Published: September 2017

El presente trabajo aborda la definición del concepto de accesibilidad universal, considerando datos del estado actual de la accesibilidad en Costa Rica, especialmente en el área de la tecnología. Tiene como objetivo concientizar y orientar al público lector, indicando algunos de los mitos que se han dado dentro de la definición de accesibilidad, tomando en cuenta diferentes perspectivas de otros estudios y ejemplificando situaciones relacionadas con la accesibilidad web, principalmente. Se analizan los datos generados mediante la INEC, sobre la población con discapacidad presente en Costa Rica, mediante información estadística, suministrada por los últimos censos realizados durante las décadas del presente siglo XXI, considerando la importancia de mejorar las TIC para las diferentes personas que presentan algún tipo de discapacidad, ocasionadas por naturaleza o por el tiempo. Realiza una revisión de diferentes proyectos que, actualmente, se están fomentando en las TIC y que son avances importantes para mejorar las condiciones de las personas con discapacidad.  Fomenta la necesidad inherente de trabajar en el desarrollo de las TIC en Costa Rica desde diferentes marcos. En el político y legal, identifica la necesidad de ampliar las normas que fomentan las leyes a favor de las discapacidades en el país. En conclusión, analiza que Costa Rica podría convertirse en uno de los primeros países en Centroamérica y el Caribe, que cubra las necesidades de las personas con discapacidad, mediante el fortalecimiento y el reconocimiento de las TIC que dan valor agregado para construir una accesibilidad universal.
La importancia de introducir la competencia intercultural en la educación superior: Propuesta de actividades prácticas
Authors: Martínez-Lirola María
Published: September 2017

Teaching a foreign language like English involves teaching aspects, not only related to the target language content, but also the introduction of cultural aspects that help to learn the language embedded in a culture. This article is a contribution that shows how to include cultural aspects in the foreign language classroom in higher education. Different cooperative activities favoring the acquisition of intercultural competence were designed, and a cooperative methodology was chosen to make it easier for students to have an active role and acquire social competences. In addition, a survey was prepared to know the opinion of students on different aspects of intercultural competence. The students participating in the study were enrolled in the English Language V mandatory course, in the third year of the degree in English Studies. The results presented are significant, thanks to the importance students attach to this competence, and to how they appreciate working with it in the proposed activities. It is concluded that it is essential to introduce this competence in the twenty-first century, so that students grow as global citizens and teaching is linked to social demands.
El sujeto en la cinta de Moebius: Idas y venidas narrativas en La casa de los conejos de Laura Alcoba
Authors: Aloy Jorge Omar
Published: September 2017

Si consideramos que existe una literatura de la evocación, por ende existe un sujeto que evoca, cuya entidad se halla en el orden de lo empírico. Este sujeto es el que hace posible la narratividad de un texto y crea, entre otros elementos, la voz que asume el control de lo representado. Esta voz, ordenadora del discurso, se encuentra en el terreno de la técnica y presenta ciertas complejidades a la hora de relacionarla con un sujeto humano atravesado por alguna experiencia traumática. En el presente trabajo vamos a analizar el lugar que ocupan las voces narrativas en La casa de los conejos de Laura Alcoba, en donde un solo yo se expande y se enmascara a través de los artificios literarios.
Franz Kafka y Federico García Lorca: El desaparecido poeta en New York
Authors: Barboza Hidalgo Yislén
Published: September 2017

Tanto Franz Kafka como Federico García Lorca han sido vasta e individualmente investigados, mas no con una comparación académica entre sus obras. Por esta razón, en este artículo se analizarán los puntos convergentes entre estos dos escritores europeos, con la idea de enriquecer la crítica literaria, tanto la de Kafka como la de García Lorca. Se procederá entonces al paralelismo por temas: la ciudad, la visión negativa de Nueva York, las imágenes grotescas, la deshumanización producto del capitalismo estadounidense, el extrañamiento que ambos escritores provocan en sus lectores y la percepción del arte que ambos comparten. Una vez llevada a cabo la comparación entre América (Kafka) y Poeta en Nueva York (García Lorca), y si se dejan de lado las particularidades propias de cada uno de estos autores, se comprueba que sus textos comparten mucho en común. Además, se concluye que Kafka y García Lorca fueron artistas apasionados por su labor, porque en la producción literaria ellos encontraron la satisfacción que el mundo alrededor suyo no les ofrecía.
Uso del ciprés como árbol funerario en Roma Antigua: Estudio comparativo entre las obras de Virgilio, Lucano, Silio Itálico, Estacio y Valerio Flaco
Authors: Herrera Valenciano Minor
Published: September 2017

El uso que se le da al árbol de ciprés, como elemento necesario para el desarrollo de los funerales, es esencial en la Antigua Roma. Así las cosas, no importa si es para eliminar el mal olor del muerto, para señalar que hay un difunto en la casa, para rodear las piras, como árbol abundante en el inframundo o como leña de hoguera, lo cierto es que siempre que los escritores latinos mencionados se refieren a dicho árbol, lo hacen desde un contexto luctuoso y funerario.
La recreación literaria del una variedad lingüística: Cuentos de barro de Salarrué
Authors: Mendoza Martha
Published: September 2017

El análisis de un texto literario se puede enriquecer con la identificación de los elementos fonológicos, morfológicos, sintácticos y léxicos utilizados por el autor para recrear la impresión de una variedad lingüística particular con sus características regionales y/o sociales. Al mismo tiempo, el identificar esos elementos nos permite dilucidar la forma en que el autor consigue proyectar una impresión de oralidad en su obra y evaluar su habilidad al hacerlo. Por tanto, el presente artículo se enfoca en el análisis de las estrategias lingüísticas más sobresalientes que el autor salvadoreño Salvador Salazar Arrué (Salarrué) emplea en su obra Cuentos de Barro con el propósito de recrear la variedad lingüística del español salvadoreño, la cual continúa siendo relativamente poco estudiada hasta ahora, y cómo esas estrategias son desplegadas hábilmente por el autor para darle un efecto de oralidad a su prosa.
Factores que influyen en la creación y utilización de la jerga adolescente en tres colegios de la zona de Puntarenas
Authors: Salas Alvarado Jonnathan
Published: September 2017

La jerga adolescente al igual que cualquier otra variante lingüística responde a una serie de aspectos tales como el género, la ubicación geográfica, la educación, el estatus social, entre otros. Todos estos aspectos hacen que poco a poco los diferentes grupos sociales compuestos por hablantes con características comunes elaboren su propio vocabulario, el cual se espera que les dé identidad y les ayude a diferenciarse de los demás y de la lengua estándar. Los adolescentes están en un momento de sus vidas en el cual les es necesario separarse o diferenciarse de los adultos, esta es una característica propia de la contracultura en la que se incluyen muchos y muchas de ellas. Todo lo que está a su alrededor les afecta y a la larga ocasiona modificaciones en su forma de ser, de vestir, de pensar o de hablar. Esta investigación busca presentar la percepción de los y las estudiantes de undécimo año del Colegio Laboratorio del CUP, el Liceo Emiliano Odio Madrigal y el Colegio Técnico Profesional de Esparza acerca del lenguaje adolescente, las razones que ellos y ellas consideran lo originan y hacen que se distribuya. Esta población participa en un proyecto de investigación realizado durante el año 2015 en cada una de las instituciones ya mencionadas.
El placer en el libro X de la Ética Nicomáquea. II parte
Authors: Solano-Fallas Andrés
Published: September 2017

Esta segunda parte del artículo tiene por intención continuar con la dilucidación de la postura de Aristóteles en torno al tópico de qué es el placer, según el Libro X de la Ética Nicomáquea (EN). Esto se hará mediante la exposición de las características restantes que no se pudieron abarcar en la primera parte, por razones de espacio. Cabe señalar que la intención del artículo constituye un posicionamiento en contra de una tradición filosófica que estudia este libro junto con el Libro VI de la Ética Eudemia (EE), porque considera este último como parte de EN.
FORECASTING ONE-DECADE AHEAD MINIMUM TEMPERATURE AND
RELATIVE HUMDITY FOR WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN LOWER NIGER
Authors: Aiyelokun Oluwatobi , Olodo Abdulrahamon
Published: September 2017

Water availability is highly influenced by variability of weather parameters. Minimum temperature and relative humidity are important parameters that have been sidelined in many water resources management projects. In this study, Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models were identified and diagnosed in order to forecast mini-mum temperature and relative humidity of the study area. The findings of the study show that minimum temperature was high during dry season, when relative humidity was low. Furthermore, the multiplicative seasonal models best fit mini-mum temperature and relative humidity represented as ARIMA (5, 1, 0)(2, 0, 0)12 and ARIMA (1, 0, 0)(2, 0, 0)12 respec-tively. While, a ten-year forecast derived from the models would be useful for effective planning and acquisition of water resources projects in the study area.
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms in patients with slow coronary flow
Authors: Sezgin Nurzen , Tekin Abdullah , Atac Fatma Belgin , Verdi Hasibe , Sezgin Alpay Turan
Published: September 2017

Background and aims

The aim of this study was to explore potential associations of the intron 4 variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) and E298A polymorphisms of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene with slow coronary flow (SCF). The association between plasma nitrate and nitrite (NOx) concentrations and eNOS gene polymorphisms was also assessed.

Materials and methods

The intron 4 VNTR and E298A polymorphisms of the eNOS gene were evaluated in the isolated DNA blood samples obtained from the SCF patient group (n = 30) and healthy group consisted of age- and sex-matched controls (n = 61).

Results

Plasma NOx level was significantly lower in patients with SCF than in controls. In addition, patients with SCF have significantly lower nitric oxide levels than control subjects within each genotype variants. The allele and genotyped frequencies of the eNOS intron 4 VNTR and E298A polymorphisms were similar between patients with SCF and the controls. Plasma NOx concentrations with respect to the relevant genotypes were found insignificant.

Discussion and conclusion

Plasma NOx is lower in patients with SCF than in healthy subjects. Our findings may suggest the lack of association between intron 4 VNTR and E298A polymorphisms of the eNOS gene and SCF.
TEKNIK PENGUKURAN Cr2O3 PADA PAKAN IKAN LELE MUTIARA
Authors: Nugraha Aditiya , Khazaidan Khazaidan
Published: September 2017

Tujuan kegiatan adalah mengetahui teknik pengukuran Cr2O3 pada pakan dan feses ikan lele mutiara sebagai dasar untuk pengukuran kecernaan pakan. Untuk menekan biaya pakan diperlukan bahan baku alternatif yang mudah diperoleh, harganya lebih murah dan memiliki kandungan protein yang tinggi sesuai dengan kebutuhan ikan. Salah satunya adalah keong mas. Kualitas bahan baku misalnya keong mas, selain ditentukan oleh kandungan nutriennya, juga oleh kemampuan ikan untuk mencerna bahan baku. Sehingga untuk mengukur kecernaan bahan baku tersebut diperlukan pengukuran menggunakan indikator Cr2O3. Bahan yang dipakai adalah, sampel pakan acuan dan sampel pakan tepung keong mas yang mengandung 0,5% Cr2O3, feses ikan lele mutiara, HNO3, HClO4, akuades, dan Cr2O3. Alat yang dipakai adalah timbangan analitik, mortar, labu kjedahl, tabung reaksi, dan spektrofotometer. Setelah preparasi bahan uji, dilakukan pengukuran menggunakan spektrofotometer sehingga didapatkan persamaan kurva standar. Hasil percobaan didapatkan konsentrasi Cr2O3 untuk pakan dan feses ikan lele mutiara masing-masing sebesar 2,02% dan 2,61%.
Rangda and the Goddess Durga in Bali
Authors: Weiss Sarah
Published: September 2017

This article examines Rangda and her role as a chthonic and mythological figure in Bali, particularly the way in which Rangda’s identity has intertwined with that of the Hindu goddess Durga— slayer of buffalo demons and other creatures that cannot be bested by Shiva or other male Hindu gods. Images and stories about Durga in Bali are significantly different from those found in Hindu contexts in India. Although she retains the strong-willed independence and decision-making capabilities prominently associated with Durga in India, in Bali the goddess Durga is primarily associated with violent and negative attributes as well as looks and behaviours that are more usually associated with Kali in India. The reconstruction of Durga in Bali, in particular the integration of Durga with the figure of the witch Rangda, reflects the local importance of the dynamic relationship between good and bad, positive and negative forces in Bali. I suggest that Balinese representations of Rangda and Durga reveal a flux and transformation between good and evil, not simply one side of a balanced binary opposition. Transformation—here defined as the persistent movement between ritual purity and impurity—is a key element in the localization of the goddess Durga in Bali.
Queering Fieldwork in Religion
Authors: Greenough Chris
Published: September 2017

Scholars undertaking fieldwork in religion and theology engage on a practical level with participants/communities in order to understand religion as a living phenomenon. This article engages with queer theory as an approach to exploring the faith lives of non-normative Christians, by engaging with online communities. The article sets out the benefits and risks in terms of conducting such research in this way. Mobilizing queer theory is a challenging approach to research, as it questions established norms. It raises suspicions about what is perceived as normal and contests such perceptions by exploring those excluded. As queer is categorized by rupture to the “normal”, it serves as a catalyst to disrupt normative, established modes of research. Traditionally, fieldwork has often privileged notions of objectivity, emphasizing the role of the researcher in codified terms of neutrality. In the spirit of rupture, I offer personal and professional reflections on my ethnographic endeavours. The final section of this article discusses the subjective role of the researcher, noting how the positionality of the researcher can be a site of conflict.
No ritmo do samba: Um olhar folkcomunicacional
Authors: Lopes Junior Rubens
Published: September 2017

Oriundo dos morros cariocas, o samba consiste em manifestação popular dos marginalizados. Posteriormente, foi transformado em produto de consumo para as camadas da população que vão muito além dessas rodas de samba. Esse movimento é o mesmo que podemos enxergar no pensamento beltraniano chamado de folkcomunicação. Inicialmente visto como a intermediação entre as culturas elitizada e popular, a folkcomunicação amplia seu leque e vê o movimento inverso, no qual a indústria se alimente a cultura popular. Este trabalho irá analisar a história do samba à luz do conceito de folkcomunicação, traçando paralelos entre ambos.
Refuncionalização da Esfera Pública e os Processos Comunicacionais
Authors: Maradei Anelisa
Published: September 2017

Neste artigo, discorreremos sobre as novas configurações da comunicação na esfera pública durante a contemporaneidade. Em nosso entendimento, devem-se retomar as discussões sobre a esfera pública, sob a perspectiva dos impactos ocasionados pelas tecnologias da informação e da comunicação (TICs), que modificaram as condições espaço-temporais e a forma como os cidadãos passaram a relacionar-se com as instituições, os governos, os partidos políticos e entre si. Para desenvolver essas articulações, utilizamos a revisão bibliográfica, partindo do conceito de esfera pública adotado por Habermas em Mudança Estrutural da Esfera Pública [1962] (2014), revisto em sua obra Direito e Democracia (1997). Também buscamos auxílio a nossas sustentações em autores que trabalham com estes conceitos: ativismo, esfera pública digital e ciberdemocracia.
A Internet de Pessoas: a Web 3.0, a Exposição dos Usuários nas Mídias Sociais e a Polarização de Ideias na Rede
Authors: Antunes Bruno
Published: September 2017

A proliferação de dispositivos móveis, conectados à internet, integrou o indivíduo à tecnologia digital. Nesse contexto, o acesso à informação, em qualquer lugar, possibilitado pela ubiquidade da internet, permitiu que as mídias sociais se desenvolvessem e se tornassem fundamentais no cotidiano social. Porém as empresas de informação criaram algoritmos de filtro-bolha para personalizar conteúdos, a fim de expor anúncios e produtos aos internautas. Forte consequência dessa prática foi a polarização de ideias nas mídias sociais, que vem provocando embates ideológicos e desunião entre os usuários. Nesse contexto, este trabalho visa a analisar esse fenômeno atual, bem como suas consequências sobre a sociedade e a comunicação.
Hibridismos Contemporâneos no Audiovisual: aproximações entre Cultura e Tecnologia no Programa de TV O Mundo Segundo os Brasileiros
Authors: Paiva de Melo Barbara Stefannie
Published: September 2017

O presente artigo visa a expor e a problematizar a questão do hibridismo tecnológico na televisão brasileira. Tomando como ponto de partida o conceito de hibridismo cultural, explorado por Néstor García Canclini e Peter Burke, nota-se que ele perpassa o campo antropológico. Com base nesse conceito, perguntamo-nos se a televisão, enquanto meio de comunicação que nasce fixo, perde essa característica ao longo do tempo. Traçaremos um breve panorama da história da TV e, para ilustrar o tema, utilizaremos, como exemplo, o programa “O Mundo Segundo os Brasileiros”, cuja transmissão se iniciou na TV aberta, mas que hoje pode ser assistido tanto no Youtube, quanto no Netflix. É importante nos debruçarmos sobre tais transformações, pois indicam que a televisão acompanha as mudanças tecnológicas e a convergência das mídias.
O Uso dos Emojis por meio do WhatsApp nas Relações de Trabalho
Authors: Gaviolli Fabiana Moreira
Published: September 2017

Esse estudo aborda o uso dos emojis e a crescente utilização de aplicativos de troca de mensagens instantâneas na comunicação organizacional informal e nas relações de trabalho. Aponta, ainda, como seu uso potencializa a comunicação multiplataforma entre funcionários e públicos externos. Os estudos realizados por meio de pesquisas qualitativa e bibliográfica revelam os impactos na comunicação organizacional e nas relações de trabalho por uma das linguagens mais frequentes nessas tecnologias: os emojis, códigos visuais paralinguísticos que dominaram as plataformas digitais para facilitar a comunicação digital, produzir sentido e conotar emoção durante as conversas.
A Influência de Políticas Públicas Culturais Comunicacionais na Formação da Identidade Cultural e na Preservação do Patrimônio Imaterial de São Caetano do Sul: Estudo de Caso Sobre a Revista “Raízes”
Authors: Oliveira Mayra , Andrade Antonio De
Published: September 2017

O presente projeto de TCC (Trabalho de Conclusão do Curso de Rádio, Televisão e Internet da Universidade Metodista) buscou apontar o papel e a influência exercidos, por um veículo público de comunicação, sobre a criação e a manutenção da identidade cultural e social de uma comunidade. Também aponta como tal procedimento se reflete na conscientização quanto à necessidade de preservar o patrimônio material e imaterial dessa cidade. O objeto de estudo escolhido foi a “Revista Raízes”, publicação semestral da Fundação Pró-Memória de São Caetano do Sul, cidade integrante do denominado ABC paulista. A mencionada revista tem, como característica primordial, a efetiva participação de articulistas-colaboradores, tanto leitores quanto personagens da história do cotidiano da cidade. A metodologia acadêmica utilizada fundamentou-se nos seguintes tópicos: revisão bibliográfica de livros, de publicações similares e artigos acadêmicos, entrevistas com funcionários da Fundação Pró-Memória, pessoas responsáveis pela implantação do Projeto Editorial da Prefeitura de São Caetano do Sul, e entrevistas com seis articulistas-colaboradores, pautadas no método da história oral. Em suma, pretendeu- se captar e resgatar aspectos da historiografia não oficial, por meio do testemunho de moradores, e analisar a relação estabelecida entre o cidadão sulsancaetanense e sua cidade, quanto à presença da “Revista Raízes” em seu cotidiano.
Fantasia e Festividade: Resgate dos Alicerces da Essência Humana que Sedimentam uma Cultura do Entretenimento. Estudo de Caso do Carnaval Carioca da Passarela do Samba
Authors: Nakane Andréa Miranda
Published: September 2017

Há um pensamento que prega a alienação como ramificação da cultura em diversos momentos sociais. Porém existem estudos que comprovam outra tônica que dissemina que, junto ao entretenimento, torna-se possível alavancar uma cultura do pensar, por meio do lúdico e da fantasia, sem perder a essência de diversão e de lazer. O estudo em questão analisa dois eventos distintos, que apresentam sincronicidade do ponto de vista da fantasia, em contraponto à realidade: Festa dos Foliões, na Idade Média, e Carnaval Carioca, na expressão na passarela do samba, que provocam justamente reflexões relativas a temas de impacto social.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STIFFNESS LOSSES AND LOSSES IN BEARINGS OF ROPE BLOCKS
Authors: V. M. Bohomaz  , L. M. Bondarenko  , M. V. Ocheretniuk  , O. O. Tkachov
Published: September 2017

Purpose. To determine the efficiency of rope blocks, it is necessary to determine the stiffness coefficient of the ropes of blocks, taking into account the classification group of the mechanism and the wrapping angle of a block by a rope. At this one should use well-tested values of the efficiency coefficients of the rope blocks, taking into account the wrapping angle of a block by a rope and the analytically found friction coefficients of the rolling bearings given to the trunnion. Methodology. The work presents the analytical method of determining the coefficient of bearing resistance of the block when it is rotated by both the inner and outer cages, as well as the design scheme of the bearing of the block. Findings. The analysis of the lubrication method effect, the operating mode of the mechanism and the wrapping angle of a block by a rope on losses in bearings was carried out for rope blocks. The corresponding comparative tables of losses are given. Analysis of the obtained calculation results allows us to establish: 1) the main resistance affecting the cable blocks efficiency is the resistance in bearings; 2) the second largest component is the stiffness losses, depending on the operating mode, the wrapping angle of a block by a rope, the type of bearing lubrication; 3) the block efficiency when rotating the inner cage is higher than rotating the outer one by about 3% with thick lubrication and 1M mode; 4) in the sequential location of assemblies with a rolling bearing, it is necessary to strive for the design of the assembly in which the inner cage rotates; 5) with the number of blocks up to 5, one can use the recommended definitions of block bearings in the literature with an error in the efficiency value of up to 10%. Originality. The authors obtained values of resistances in the rolling bearings of the rope blocks and stiffness losses due to the girth of the block by the rope. In this case, dependences were used to determine the coefficient of rolling friction, obtained using the Hertz analytic dependences on determination of contact stresses and deformations, as well as the experimental values of the coefficient of rolling friction for the blocks. Practical value. The resistance values obtained by the authors can be used for refined calculations of the mechanisms of machines.
POTENTIALS RAILWISE PROPAGATION STUDY
Authors: Yashchuk K. I.
Published: September 2017

Purpose. To conduct the study of the potentials and currents propagation along the rails to evaluate the potential difference and the current asymmetry in the rails that may have an impact on the work of railway automatics and supervisory systems. Methodology. To compass the purpose, the author applies methods of analysis and synthesis of track circuit electrical engineering calculations, mathematical modeling and methods of homogeneous and heterogeneous ladder circuits. Findings. TheconductedtheoreticalstudiesindicatethatinthemountainoussectionsofDCtractionrailwaysthereareveryhigh-levelcurrents,wherebyevenatnominalasymmetryratio theasymmetrycurrentwill beunacceptablyhigh.The re-equipment of running line with the automatic blocking system with tonal rail circuits resulted in reduction of the number of impedance bonds, the equalizing functions of which required further advanced research, that allowed obtaining the potential railwise propagation curves when installing the impedance bonds every 6 and 5 km. The resulting potential difference was too high for railway automation systems, so the potential propagation study was conducted with impedance bonds placed every 3 and 3.5 km, which greatly improved the operation conditions of track circuits. Originality.The proposed method for calculating the propagation of potentials and currents in the rail network of DC traction line is characterized by the representation of the common ladder circuit of each rail as a series of T-shaped four-poles connected in cascade, taking into account the grounding of the contact-line supports on the nearer rail. It has allowed estimating the levels of asymmetry currents that branch into the equipment of track circuits and have a negative impact on their operation. Practicalvalue. The obtained results can be used in designing and re-equipping the running lines with new railway automatics and supervisory systems, as well as for evaluating the influence of high asymmetry currents on the railway automation systems operation.
INFLUENCE OF THE CAST IRON’S CHEMICAL COMPOSITION ON THE INTERPHASE DISTRIBUTION OF CR AFTER ANNEALING AT 690 °C
Authors: V. V. Netrebko  , I. P. Volchok
Published: September 2017

Purpose. The article is aimed to determine effect of the chemical composition of Fe-C-Cr-Mn-Ni cast iron on the chromium content in the metallic base, carbides and the coefficient of interphase distribution of chromium after annealing at 690 ° С (КРСr690). Methodology. Cast irons containing 1.09–3.91% C; 11.43–25.57% Cr; 0.6–5.4% Mn; 0.19–3.01% Ni and 0.8–1.2% Si were investigated. The analysis of chromium distribution was carried out using mathematical statistics methods. Cast iron was melted in induction furnace with a capacity of 60 kg. Findings. The use of methods of active planning of the experiment 24-1 allowed us to establish regression dependencies of the chromium concentration in the base and carbides, as well as its interphase distribution coefficient on the С, Mn, Cr and Ni content in the cast iron. Chromium, after annealing, was mainly concentrated in carbides. The chromium content of the base varies from 3.94% at 3.23% C, 5.4% Mn, 11.43% Cr and 3.01% Ni to 17.43% at 1.09% C, 0.60% Mn, 25.57% Cr and 1.32% Ni. The minimum value of the distribution coefficient of CRC690 was 2.1 in cast iron, of composition 1.09% C, 0.6% Mn, 11.43% Cr and 0.19% Ni, maximum 9.4 at 3.91% C, 0, 6% Mn, 11.43% Cr and 3.01% Ni. The distribution of chromium was determined by the amount and type of carbides formed. During annealing, the carbides’ composition was formed as a result of carbide-forming elements contention and replacement of iron and manganese atoms by chromium atoms. Originality. Authors obtained regression dependences of the chromium content in the base, carbides and its interfacial distribution coefficient on the chemical composition of Fe-C-Cr-Mn-Ni cast iron after annealing at 690 ° C. Practical value. The obtained dependencies allow predicting the chromium content in the metallic base and may be used during the elaboration of the new wear resistant cast irons compositions, as well as in the choice of heat treatment regimes.
INFLUENCE OF BLADE AND PROFILE CHARACTERISTICS ON HYDRODYNAMIC EFFICIENCY OF MARINE PROPELLERS
Authors: Y. M. Korol  , O. M. Kornelyuk
Published: September 2017

Purpose.The study involves: 1) formation of 3D propeller models under study; 2) studying of the effect of profiling the blade of the propeller on its hydrodynamic characteristics; 3) development of a methodology for specifying optimal project parameters for modeling the operation of a propeller in free water, which in the future could be recommended when simulating similar tasks in the CFD package Flow Vision. Methodology. The technology of design of propellers of new series was developed. For the first time, the project methodology was proposed in the CFD package Flow Vision for studying the operation of a propeller in free water. Findings. On the example of solving a practical problem for studying the influence of blade profiling on the efficiency of a propeller, the expediency of developing the proposed methodology for setting a propeller design in the CFD package Flow Vision is justified. The using of this technique makes it possible to obtain reliable values of the propeller hydrodynamic characteristics for constructing its action curves, and also to reduce the estimated time. This approach makes it possible to optimize the process of designing propellers. Originality. Through numerous experiments and based on the analysis of the obtained results, it was found that the profiling of the propeller mainly affects its hydrodynamic characteristics. The choice and calculation of the propeller for the projected vessel occurs in the early stages of design. Therefore, the rationale for choosing one or another geometry of the marine propeller is a topical task. A method for specifying project parameters for conducting numerical experiments in studying the operation of propellers in free water was proposed and justified. Thus, it is possible to design not only the serial screws, but also the new series propellers, minimizing the costs of carrying out the research along with the reliability of the resulting calculation results. Practical value. Authors established that the influence of the propeller blade profiling on its hydrodynamic characteristics is greater than the influence of its other general and blade characteristics. The developed design methodology for the calculation of propellers in the CFD package Flow Vision can be used to design the marine propellers of both new series and existing ones, and also in the case of optimizing the shape of the propeller to ensure the greatest efficiency. The application of the technique will allow reducing the time for conducting a numerical experiment due to the convergence of the solution in a relatively short time.
ELASTIC NONLINEAR DYNAMICS OF MOTION OF SLIDE OF VERTICAL TURNING MACHINE FOR WORKING OF SOLID-ROLLED RAILWAY WHEELS
Authors: R. P. Pogrebnyak
Published: September 2017

Purpose. The article is aimed to determine the conditions of a dynamic error formation of contour machine cutting of surface of the real railway wheel flange by the cup-tip tool and propose the ways of reducing the errors. Methodology. The problem was solved by the creation of dynamic nonlinear and elastic calculation model with further modeling of its loading by the external force factors. The values of forces were obtained by analytical and experimental methods. The calculation scheme of the equilibrium support is a nonlinear two-mass system, a dynamic model of slide - single-mass with one degree of freedom. The basis of the mathematical description of technological loads is the results of factory experiments, as well as analytical generalizations obtained as a result of the comparison of several schemes of the formation of the wheel flange. Analytical determination of the components of the cutting force takes into account the changes in the kinematic parameters of the cutting mode when the profiling is done using a shaped tool. Findings. During processing of the wheel flange the radial and axial components of the cutting forces that load slide and slide-block of machine are alternating. There are conditions in drive of slide and slide-block when the gaps appear, and it is possible at any profile geometry of the wheel. The peculiarities of loading of the slide and slide-block forming a flange (with biharmonic allowance) cause the occurrence of the processing areas where the gaps increase many times in drives of mechanical transmissions and error of forms increases. The dynamic system of the drive is quite tough and high-frequency and it is sensitive to the presence of gaps. Originality. The author created elastic nonlinear dynamic models of support and slide. In accordance with the model it is written and solved equations of motion of the masses and loading of the connections. The conditions of the stable motion were found. Practical value. It is determined by modeling the qualitative and quantitative terms of stable motion without gaps. It is recommended to change the weight of counterweight.
THEORETICAL BASIS OF PARAMETRIC SYNTHESIS FOR CARRYING SYSTEMS OF CARS
Authors: O. V. Fomin  , O. M. Gorobchenko  , N. S. Kocheshkova  , V. V. Kovalenko
Published: September 2017

Purpose. The article is aimed to systematize and structure representation of theoretical grounds for the optimization designing of railway car components and practical ways of its implementation. Methodology. The study is based on analysis of several well-known articles on the subject, as well as on authors' researches, some mathematical foundations and computer modeling. The rolling stock components structural analysis was made by applying modern and acknowledged methods. Findings. In the study the authors systematized the set of methodological approaches to the freight car design processes; they also analyzed every application phase of the designing process and its conditions. The article presents the developed mathematical model of the car component implementation. This model takes into account all the calculated cases of the car life cycle. Moreover, the model also can be applied to other transport modes accounting their specific operation modes. The possibility to generate different construction options for equally strong car component with minimum material intensity was also shown in the article. There were several methods developed for finding optimal solutions that make it possible to calculate the sought characteristics of construction elements with the reliable accuracy. The presented variety of different approaches significantly extends engineering apparatus by increasing the synthesis and analysis abilities of the car design. Originality. The authors proposed the methodological foundations of the car components design aimed at creating their optimal structural parameter execution and the operating features based on the results of the detailed research. Practical value. Expediency and effectiveness of the presented methods has been confirmed by positive experience of its application when constructing the general-purpose gondola cars, models 12-9904 and 12-9904-01, as well as when upgrading existing constructions of freight cars, model 12-9745 and the hoper car 20-9749.