bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelling speed behaviour in rural highways: Safety analysis of driving under adverse road-weather conditions
Authors: Yasanthi Rillagoda G. N. , Mehran Babak , Alhajyaseen Wael K. M.
Published: August 2021

This study proposes a methodical approach to model desired speed distributions under different road-weather and traffic conditions followed by identification of road-weather conditions with potentially higher safety risks in rural divided highways located in extremely cold regions. Desired speed distributions encompassing unique combinations of adverse road-weather and traffic conditions are modelled as normal distributions characterized by their means and standard deviations formulated based on two principal statistical theorems and techniques i.e., Central Limit Theorem and Minimum Variance Unbiased Estimation. Combination of the precipitation conditions, road surface conditions, time of the day, temperature, traffic flow and the heavy vehicle percentage at the time of travel were considered in defining the combinations of road-weather and traffic conditions. The findings reveal that simultaneous occurrence of particular precipitation and pavement conditions significantly affect the characteristics of the desired speed distribution and potentially expose drivers to elevated safety risks. Jurisdictions experiencing extreme road-weather conditions may adapt the proposed methodology to assess speed behaviour under different road-weather conditions to establishing and deploying weather-responsive traffic management strategies such as variable speed limit to regulate speeding and improve traffic safety in winter.
The redox-responsive transcriptional regulator Rex represses fermentative metabolism and is required for Listeria monocytogenes pathogenesis
Authors: Halsey Cortney R. , Glover Rochelle C. , Thomason Maureen K. , Reniere Michelle L.
Published: August 2021

The Gram-positive bacteriumListeria monocytogenesis the causative agent of the foodborne disease listeriosis, one of the deadliest bacterial infections known. In order to cause disease,L.monocytogenesmust properly coordinate its metabolic and virulence programs in response to rapidly changing environments within the host. However, the mechanisms by whichL.monocytogenessenses and adapts to the many stressors encountered as it transits through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and disseminates to peripheral organs are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the role of the redox-responsive transcriptional regulator Rex inL.monocytogenesgrowth and pathogenesis. Rex is a conserved canonical transcriptional repressor that monitors the intracellular redox state of the cell by sensing the ratio of reduced and oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides (NADH and NAD+, respectively). Here, we demonstrated thatL.monocytogenesRex represses fermentative metabolism and is therefore required for optimal growth in the presence of oxygen. We also show thatin vitro, Rex represses the production of virulence factors required for survival and invasion of the GI tract, as a strain lackingrexwas more resistant to acidified bile and invaded host cells better than wild type. Consistent with these results, Rex was dispensable for colonizing the GI tract and disseminating to peripheral organs in an oral listeriosis model of infection. However, Rex-dependent regulation was required for colonizing the spleen and liver, andL.monocytogeneslacking the Rex repressor were nearly sterilized from the gallbladder. Taken together, these results demonstrated that Rex functions as a repressor of fermentative metabolism and suggests a role for Rex-dependent regulation inL.monocytogenespathogenesis. Importantly, the gallbladder is the bacterial reservoir during listeriosis, and our data suggest redox sensing and Rex-dependent regulation are necessary for bacterial survival and replication in this organ.
pUL21 is a viral phosphatase adaptor that promotes herpes simplex virus replication and spread
Authors: Benedyk Tomasz H. , Muenzner Julia , Connor Viv , Han Yue , Brown Katherine , Wijesinghe Kaveesha J. , Zhuang Yunhui , Colaco Susanna , Stoll Guido A. , Tutt Owen S. , Svobodova Stanislava , Svergun Dmitri I. , Bryant Neil A. , Deane Janet E. , Firth Andrew E. , Jeffries Cy M. , Crump Colin M. , Graham Stephen C.
Published: August 2021

The herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 protein pUL21 is essential for efficient virus replication and dissemination. While pUL21 has been shown to promote multiple steps of virus assembly and spread, the molecular basis of its function remained unclear. Here we identify that pUL21 is a virus-encoded adaptor of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). pUL21 directs the dephosphorylation of cellular and virus proteins, including components of the viral nuclear egress complex, and we define a conserved non-canonical linear motif in pUL21 that is essential for PP1 recruitment. In vitro evolution experiments reveal that pUL21 antagonises the activity of the virus-encoded kinase pUS3, with growth and spread of pUL21 PP1-binding mutant viruses being restored in adapted strains where pUS3 activity is disrupted. This study shows that virus-directed phosphatase activity is essential for efficient herpesvirus assembly and spread, highlighting the fine balance between kinase and phosphatase activity required for optimal virus replication.
Radio drama as a tool for activism in South Africa: The case of Plague in the Time of King Kapital and Queen Corona
Authors: Price Neroli , Garbes Laura
Published: August 2021

How can sound be utilized as a tool for political conscientization? COVID-19 has disrupted face-to-face organizing tactics for progressive movements globally, making it necessary to branch out to more mediated forms of grassroots political organizing. In this article, we explore how sound might be employed to invoke an imagined working-class community across ethnic, gender and generational divides against a backdrop of crisis and corruption on the structural level. Through a close listening of a South African radio drama, Plague in the Time of King Kapital and Queen Corona (KKQC), we find that the use of sound enables a worldmaking that is both attuned to structural inequities and imagines a utopian, solidaristic working-class community. KKQC offers a case of worldbuilding and political conscientization through radio drama that is relevant to understanding the possibilities of the genre in the contemporary South African context.
Indigenizing the national broadcast soundscape – CBC podcast: Missing and Murdered: Finding Cleo
Authors: Copeland Stacey , Knight Lauren
Published: August 2021

Indigenous audio media are experiencing a growing movement in the field of cultural media studies. One arguably linked to the global rise of indigenous reconciliation and political action in colonial nations such as Australia, United States, Canada and New Zealand. Indigenizing the national broadcast soundscape, Canadian Broadcast Corporation (CBC) original podcast Missing and Murdered: Finding Cleo weaves its way through the patriarchal reign of liberal pluralism and settler colonialism of Canadian society from wounded vibrations of assimilation, residential school, cultural genocide, the sixties scoop, sexual assault, death and life. Through a cultural sound studies and critical media analysis framework, this article positions Finding Cleo as an anti-colonial soundwork that details the story of one of the many families involved in the National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls (MMIWG) as they search for the promise of truth to heal what we conceptualize as wounded vibrations.
Playing with perspective: Narrative voice and trust in Australian independent podcasts
Authors: Jorgensen Britta
Published: August 2021

Narrative voice is a frequent site of experimentation in narrative journalism, and in podcasting this voice tends to be more prominent as the listener hears the narrator’s embodied voice. It can build a strong bond with the listener, which is important for independent producers as trust is not automatically afforded to them by association with a trusted media organization. This is particularly true for emerging producers, who also lack a professional reputation. This study examines the techniques used in five Australian independent podcasts to understand how they experiment with narrative voice as a podcast technique to build trust with the listener. It finds trust is built through narrative voice in four specific ways (1) first-person narration, (2) authenticity, (3) empathy and (4) emotional truth. This may allow for a greater variety of voices to be not only heard but trusted within podcasting, but also raises questions about misplaced trust.
Gender, Media and Voice: Communicative Injustice and Public Speech, Jilly Boyce Kay (2020)
Authors: Martin Catherine
Published: August 2021

Review of: Gender, Media and Voice: Communicative Injustice and Public Speech, Jilly Boyce Kay (2020)

Palgrave Macmillan: Cham, 193 pp.,

ISBN 978-3-030-47287-0, h/bk, $89.99, e-book, $69.99
Comparing Methods of Determining Formalin Concentration in Fluid Preservatives
Authors: Finkelde I. , Waller R. Robert
Published: August 2021

Formalin (3.7% weight/weight [w/w], 4% weight/volume [w/v] aqueous formaldehyde) is commonly used as a fixative to prevent postmortem changes in the tissues of a specimen. The specimen is then either maintained in formalin or transferred to another fluid preservative, such as ethanol or isopropanol, for long-term preservation. Residual formalin often remains in the preservation fluid. As formaldehyde is a known carcinogen, it is important to know the concentration present in preservation fluids.

A titration method has been developed to determine formalin concentration in fluid preservatives. It utilizes sodium sulfite to react with formaldehyde in solution. An adjustable, repeating pipette and a digital titrator allow for the rapid determination of formalin concentrations in small samples (<1 ml). This method of titration is compared with three commercially available methods of determining formaldehyde and formalin concentration: two brands of formaldehyde test strips, Quantofix® (Machery-Nagel GmbH) and MQuant® (EMD Millipore Corp), and a drop count titration test kit (Hach® formaldehyde test kit, model FM-1). A comparison and evaluation are made on the effectiveness of each method in determining the concentration of formalin in preservation fluids.
Some aspects of generalized Zbăganu and James constant in Banach spaces
Authors: Liu Qi , Sarfraz Muhammad , Li Yongjin
Published: August 2021

We shall introduce a new geometric constant

C

Z

(

λ
,
μ
,
X

)

{C}_{Z}\left(\lambda ,\mu ,X)

based on a generalization of the parallelogram law, which was proposed by Moslehian and Rassias. First, it is shown that, for a Banach space,

C

Z

(

λ
,
μ
,
X

)

{C}_{Z}\left(\lambda ,\mu ,X)

is equal to 1 if and only if the norm is induced by an inner product. Next, a characterization of uniformly non-square is given, that is,

X

X

has the fixed point property. Also, a sufficient condition which implies weak normal structure is presented. Moreover, a generalized James constant

J

(

λ
,
X

)

J\left(\lambda ,X)

is also introduced. Finally, some basic properties of this new coefficient are presented.
A list of English–Turkish cognates and false-cognates
Authors: Uzun Levent , Salіhoǧlu Umut M.
Published: August 2021

This article presents a list of English–Turkish cognates and false cognates which was compiled from a corpus of over 80,000 words in dictionary entries. The list contains 2411 English words that are either cognates or false cognates in Turkish. It was revealed that there are at least 1287 cognates, excluding all proper nouns of people, places, and things; and 1124 false cognates, 96 of which share at least one sense of meaning in each language, and thus are partial false cognates. The total number of English–Turkish cognates and false cognates suggests that cognate status between the two languages is around 3%. For cognates, the rate is 1.6%, and for false cognates the rate is 1.2%. The current database of English–Turkish cognates and false cognates can be used to prepare reading texts that contain words from the list presented here, and to investigate how they affect reading comprehension, guessing from context, and language learning or processing of a language issues. It can be also used as a resource for researchers investigating the bilinguals of English and Turkish, and learners who study Turkish and/or English as a second or foreign language. The list provides a useful basis for further research into the lexical, linguistic, and psychological issues.
Resilienz durch dynamisches Prozessmanagement
Authors: Knothe Thomas , Oertwig Nicole , Woesthoff Julia , Sala Alessandro , Lütkemeyer Marius , Gaal Alexander
Published: August 2021

Krisen treten regelmäßig auf und betreffen aufgrund zunehmender Globalisierung immer mehr Unternehmen gleichzeitig. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Ansatz für ein dynamisches Prozessmanagement vorgestellt, welches die Fähigkeit der Früherkennung von Disruptionen und gleichzeitig auch Routine sowie Agilität im Normal- wie auch im Krisenmodus durchgängig unterstützt.
Effect of Exercise on Motor Symptoms in Patients With Parkinson's Disease: A Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Álvarez-Bueno Celia , Deeks Jonathan J. , Cavero-Redondo Iván , Jolly Kate , Torres-Costoso Ana I. , Price Malcolm , Fernandez-Rodriguez Rubén , Martínez-Vizcaíno Vicente
Published: August 2021

Background:

Although the pharmacological approach may help with motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD), they are clearly not the complete solution. Thus, for the treatment of PD motor symptoms, physical activity has been proposed as an effective intervention.

Methods:

A systematic search in MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials testing the effectiveness of exercise interventions on motor symptoms of PD. Physical exercise interventions were divided into 9 categories: endurance, resistance, combined, balance, dance, alternative exercises, body weight supported, sensorimotor interventions including endurance exercise, and sensorimotor interventions not including endurance exercise. A pairwise meta-analysis for direct and indirect comparisons between intervention and control/nonintervention groups was carried out.

Results:

Fifty-six studies met the inclusion criteria, including 2740 participants, aged between 57.6 and 77.7 years. Results showed that sensorimotor training including endurance (effect size [ES]−1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], −1.68 to −0.50), resistance (ES−0.82; 95% CI, −1.23 to −0.41), and dance (ES−0.64; 95% CI, −1.24 to −0.05) were the most effective physical activity interventions for mitigating PD motor symptoms.

Conclusion:

Physical activity interventions are an effective strategy for the management of motor symptoms in patients with PD. Among the different exercise intervention programs, those including more complex and demanding activities (sensorimotor training including endurance, resistance, and dance) seem to be the most effective physical activity interventions.
Effect of in vitro growth on mouse oocyte competency, mitochondria and transcriptome
Authors: Takashima Tomoya , Fujimaru Tsubasa , Obata Yayoi
Published: August 2021

In vitro generation of fertile oocytes has been reported in several mammalian species. However, oocyte integrity is compromised by in vitro culture. Here, we aimed to understand the factors affecting oocyte competency by evaluating mitochondrial function and transcriptome as well as lipid metabolism in in vivo-derived oocytes and in vitro grown and matured (IVGM) oocytes under atmospheric (20%) and physiological (7%) O2 concentration. We used single-cell RNA-sequencing as well as Gene Ontology and KEGG analyses to identify the molecular pathways affecting the developmental competence of oocytes. Oocytes grown under 20% O2 conditions showed a significant decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, upregulation of ceramide synthesis pathway-associated genes, and high ceramide accumulation compared with oocytes grown under 7% O2 conditions and in vivo-grown oocytes. This suggests that excess ceramide level causes mitochondrial dysfunction and poor developmental ability of the oocytes. Mitochondrial DNA copy number was lower in IVGM oocytes irrespective of O2 concentration in culture, although there was no common abnormality in the expression of genes related to mitochondrial biosynthesis. In contrast, some oocytes produced under 7% O2 conditions showed gene expression profiles similar to those of in vivo-grown oocytes. In these oocytes, the expression of transcription factors, including Nobox, was restored. Nobox expression correlated with the expression of genes essential for oocyte development. Thus, Nobox may contribute to the establishment of oocyte competency before and after the growth phase. The comprehensive analysis of IVGM oocytes presented here provides a platform for elucidating the mechanism underlying functional oocyte production in vivo.
Hemicellulose and starch citrate chitosan foam adsorbents for removal of arsenic and other heavy metals from contaminated water
Authors: Salam Abdus , Zambrano Marielis C. , Venditti Richard A. , Pawlak Joel J.
Published: August 2021

Arsenic and other heavy metal contaminants in water are a significant global health threat. In this study, low-cost, sulfur-free, sustainable, water-insoluble materials with heavy metal remediation properties were produced from renewable resources such as starch, xylan, citric acid, and chitosan. Synthesized starch citrate-chitosan (SCC) foam and xylan citrate-chitosan (XCC) foam were flexible, porous, and elastic. The foams’ arsenic uptake in water was significantly greater than five different commercial metal remediating agents. The mercury and lead uptakes with the synthesized foams were similar to the performance of a commercial sulfur-based product, SorbaTech 450 (ST450). However, the cadmium and selenium uptakes were comparatively lower. The complexation of arsenic with oxygen and nitrogen of the SCC foam was shown with time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). The XCC foam was also shown to adsorb potassium iodide (KI) at a similar rate to sodium chloride. This may be used to remediate water contaminated with radioactive materials, such as iodine 131.
Viability and Colony Morphology Variation of Rhodococcus rhodochrous CNMN-Ac-05 in the Presence of Magnetite Nanoparticles
Authors:   Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Postolachi O. , Rastimesina I. ,   Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Josan V. ,   Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Gutul T. ,   Institute of Electronic Engineering and Nanotechnologies ‘D.Ghitu’
Published: August 2021

In recent decades the use of nanotechnologies in the remediation of xenobiotic substances has proven its effectiveness, but not its safety. Nanoparticles often accumulate in the remedied environment, having, over time, toxic effects on living organisms. In this context, research on the vital activity of microorganisms and their interaction with nanoparticles is of major importance. Aim of the research was to determine the influence of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, obtained by different ways (laboratory method and synthesis in the reactor) on the viability and colony morphology of Rhodococcus rhodochrous CNMN-Ac-05 strain. Methods. Encapsulated magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical co-precipitation method, using iron(II) sulfate and iron(III) chloride in the presence of poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone, used as a stabilizer. Fe3O4 SR (Synthesis in the Reactor) was produced in the multifunctional reactor VGR-50, at the same conditions. Cell biomass was determined on the spectrophotometer by the optical density at 540 nm,with subsequent recalculation to cell dry weight according to the calibration curve. The cell dry weight was determined by gravimetric method. The morphological features of the rhodococci colonies were described according to the standard microbiological method. Results. It was established that magnetite nanoparticles in concentrations of 1–100 mg/L were not toxic to the R. rhodochrous strain, had a positive effect on the viability of rhodococci by stimulating the growth of biomass, regardless of their concentration and the method of their synthesis. In the presence of Fe3O4 nanoparticles the population dissociated to S1, S2, R1, R2 forms, and S-R type of colonies, while the basic morphological features of R. rhodochrous colonies corresponded to type S1. Conclusions. The optimal concentration of magnetite nanoparticles, which stimulated the growth and development of R. rhodochrous was 25 mg/L for Fe3O4 and 50 mg/L Fe3O4 SR. At all concentration of Fe3O4 nanoparticles the main colony morphotype of the rhodococci was smooth S1-type; the new types of colonies represented only 0.1–0.6% of the population, and the lowest degree of variability corresponded with the highest colony-forming units index.
Entrepreneurial management technology for nursing professionals
Authors: Backes Dirce Stein , Toson Marcelo Junior , Haeffner Léris Salete Bonfati , Marchiori Mara Teixeira Caino , Costenaro Regina Gema Santini
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to validate entrepreneurial management technology for the nursing practice. Methods: methodological study, carried out based on the development of an entrepreneurial management technology, based on literature review and, later, content validation by 11 experts, recognized by their peers as entrepreneurs. The validation process took place through Delphi conferences, between June and September 2018. Results: on the second round of Delphi conferences, at least 90% agreement was obtained on all items. In addition, all items were validated as pertinent and considered prospective and inducing of new thinking and acting among nursing professionals who wish to undertake and explore opportunities, goods, and services in the area. Final Considerations: it was noted that the experts, in general, showed good adherence to the initiative and ease in validating the theoretical-conceptual dimension and the dimension of “Personal/professional qualities necessary for the performance of entrepreneurial management”; however, they had difficulty in validating the methodological steps.
Management in clinical simulation: a proposal for best practices and process optimization
Authors: Schuelter Patrícia Ilha , Tourinho Francis Solange Vieira , Radünz Vera , Santos Viviane Euzébia Pereira , Fermo Vivian Costa , Barbosa Sarah Soares
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to develop a best practices document with facilitating components and processes for simulation management. Methods: the methodological research was conducted between April and October 2017, using four approaches: observational research, conducted in an international simulation institution; Definition of theoretical framework, from the International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning; integrative literature review, in international databases; and comparative analysis. It used Bardin's analysis for the categorization of the information. Results: creation of a document with good practices in simulation regarding management and practice in simulation and management of resources and data, highlighting the use of technology and the training of professionals as the most important allies for overcoming the main limitations found. Final Considerations: the product of this study is a compilation of strategies for simulation management as a tool to enhance the application of the method with greater effectiveness.
Sample size for postharvest quality traits of ‘Palmer’ mangoes
Authors: Vilvert João Claudio , Freitas Sérgio Tonetto de , Ferreira Maria Aparecida Rodrigues , Costa Eleonora Barbosa Santiago da , Aroucha Edna Maria Mendes
Published: August 2021

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the most efficient sample size required to estimate the mean of postharvest quality traits of ‘Palmer’ mangoes harvested in two growing seasons. A total of 50 mangoes were harvested at maturity stage 2, in winter (June 2020) and spring (October 2020), and evaluated for weight, length, ventral and transverse diameter, skin and pulp L*, C* and hº, dry matter, firmness, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA) and the SS/TA ratio. According to the results, the coefficient of variation (CV) of fruit quality traits ranged from 2.1% to 18.1%. The highest CV in both harvests was observed for the SS/TA ratio, while the lowest was reported for pulp hº. In order to estimate the mean of physicochemical traits of ‘Palmer’ mangoes, 12 fruits are needed in the winter and 14 in the spring, considering an estimation error of 10% and a confidence interval of 95%. TA and the SS/TA ratio required the highest sample size, while L* and hº required the lowest sample size. In conclusion, the variability was different among physicochemical traits and seasons, implying that different sample sizes are required to estimate the mean of different quality traits in different growing seasons.
In vitro germination of Abricó-de-Macaco (Couroupita guianensis aubl.)zygotic embryos in different culture media and light spectra
Authors: Demétrio Christian Aparecido , Jacob Jéssica Fernanda de Oliveira , Ambrosano Guilherme Bovi , Rodrigues Paulo Hercílio Viegas
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT: Couroupita guianensis Aubl. is an Amazonian forest species with important medicinal and ornamental value. This study evaluated the effect of different culture media and light spectra on the in vitro germination and development of the zygotic embryos of C. guianensis. The culture media, MS and WPM, were evaluated without the addition of plant growth regulators and were associated with four LED light spectra: white (CW), 70% red + 30% blue (R2B), 100% red (R), and 100% blue (B). One hundred percent of the seeds successfully underwent in vitro germination, and the culture media did not interfere with embryo development. In addition to this, the different light spectra induced in vitro morphogenesis and R2B treatment significantly promoted the production of secondary roots. This effect may aid in the rooting and acclimatization of seedlings of this species.
Development of the prickly pear cactus Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw. (Cactaceae) in vitro in response to the replacement of potassium nitrate for a commercial kno 3 fertilizer
Authors: Ferreira Cinthia Carolinne de Souza , Paz Cristiane Domingos da , Souza Joselita Cardoso de , Peixoto Ana Rosa , Rios Lucas Silva , Nascimento Alessandro Rosa , Ribeiro Juliana Martins , Melo Natoniel Franklin de , Teixeira Silvio Lopes , Araújo Jairton Fraga
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT: In micropropagation, potassium nitrate (KNO3), an ACS reagent grade chemical, used in the preparation of growing mediums is expensive and its procurement depends on bureaucratic procedures, as it is controlled by the Brazilian Army. This research to assessed the effect of replacing the ACS KNO3 for a commercially available fertilizer (KNO3- based) on the micropropagation of the prickly pear cactus (Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw. cv. Elephant Ear. Treatments used six different fertilizer concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 g L-1) and a control consisting of 1.9 g L-1 KNO3, as shown in the MS salts. The survival, size and number of sprouts and the value of fresh biomass were evaluated. After seedling acclimation, we assessed the survival, number of sprouts, length, and number of roots, racket formation, average fresh biomass mass, macronutrient absorption and morphological changes of the seedlings. Explants inoculated with fertilizers at concentrations of 0.0; 2.0 and 2.5 g L-¹ did not grow. The response of explants at concentrations of 0.5 and 1.5 g L-1 of the fertilizer were the same as those developed in a KNO3 medium, and at a concentration of 1.0 g L-1, in all variables, the means were higher than those of the control medium. Therefore, it showed the feasibility of using fertilizers in the in vitro cultivation of the prickly pear cactus, which may remove bureaucratic barriers and reduce product costs by 99.12%.
Effect of acupuncture on intraocular pressure and tear production in healthy horses
Authors: Rodrigues Thiene de Lima , Santos Neto Luiz Leite dos , Silva Vital Henrique de Lira , Oliveira Alexandra Melo , Borges Péricles de Farias , Talieri Ivia Carmem , Campos Danila Barreiro
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT: Acupuncture is an ancient Chinese form of therapy that involves needle stimulation of specific points on the body for therapeutic and homeostatic effects. In ophthalmology, acupuncture helps as a conventional or adjuvant therapy for numerous eye disorders, including myopia, strabismus, dry eye, and cataracts. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of acupuncture on tear production (TP) and intraocular pressure (IOP) in horses. Ten healthy horses, females and males with ages varying between eight months and nine years, were used. Schirmer’s I test and applanation tonometry were used to evaluate the basal TP and IOP of both eyes. The measurements were taken immediately before (T10) the insertion of the needles and 5 (T5), 15 (T15), 30 (T30) and 60 (T60) minutes and 24 (T24) hours after a 20-minute acupuncture session. Mean values of both eyes were analyzed over time. TP increased in 50% of the animals at T5, T15 and T24, in 30% at T30, and in 40% at T60, with an increase of up to 8.5 mm/min at T15 and T60. In addition, there was a significant difference between T24 and T30, with a 14.1% increase in TP at T24. Meanwhile, IOP decreased in 50% of the animals at T5 and T30, in 20% at T15, in 60% at T60, and in 70% at T24. Thus, we suggest that acupuncture is a technique that can benefit horses with diseases that alter these parameters, either alone or as an adjunct in conventional therapeutic protocols.
Comparison of hematological parameters between single and twin pregnancies in Dorper ewes during gestation, lambing, and postpartum
Authors: Santarosa Bianca Paola , Dantas Gabriela Nascimento , Ferreira Danilo Otávio Laurenti , Hooper Henrique Barbosa , Porto Ana Carolina Rusca Correa , Garcia Silvia Maria França Carvalho , Surian Soraya Regina Sacco , Pieruzzi Paula Adriane Piccolo , Silva Andreza Amaral da , Gonçalves Roberto Calderon
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT: The hematopoietic system changes during the pregnancy to carry fetal development and maternal needs. This study compared the hematological parameters between ewes with single and twin pregnancies during gestation, delivery, and postpartum. The experiment was conducted on 60 healthy pregnant Dorper ewes that were divided into two experimental groups: Group 1 (G1), with single pregnancies (n=30), and Group 2 (G2), with twin pregnancies (n=30). Blood samples were collected from all ewes at different times: immediately before fixed-time artificial insemination (AI); on day 30, 90, 120, 130, and 140 of pregnancy; immediately after delivery; and at 24h and 48h postpartum. Statistical analysis compared the two groups at different times (P<0.05). Mild, normocytic, and hypochromic anemia was detected in all ewes from AI time and throughout pregnancy from both groups, but did not prove to be of clinical relevance. In the peripartum stage (from the 140th day of pregnancy to 48h postpartum), the ewes with twin pregnancies (G2) exhibited higher erythrogram values and neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio than did ewes with single pregnancies (G1). This indicated a greater hematopoietic adaptation in the body during the development of two fetuses. Except for the eosinophil numbers, all leukogram parameters were influenced by pregnancy in a similar way in both groups, and was characterized mainly by leukocytosis with neutrophilia during peripartum due to the high presence of endogenous cortisol at delivery. Thus, these findings showed that pregnancy was a stressful physiological event that increased the leukocyte count with a slight alteration in the erythrogram of Dorper ewes.
Efeitos do fortalecimento muscular do tríceps sural na função da bomba venosa na insuficiência venosa crônica
Authors: Schmidt Ana Carla , Gomes Luisa Pereira de Oliveira Zanetti , Marinelli Camila Martins , Gomes Ricardo Zanetti
Published: August 2021

Resumo Contexto A insuficiência venosa crônica (IVC) é uma doença comum, uma disfunção da bomba muscular da panturrilha que repercute na hemodinâmica das estruturas. Objetivos Analisar os efeitos dos exercícios de fortalecimento muscular da panturrilha na hemodinâmica venosa em pacientes com IVC. Métodos O estudo contou com a participação de 13 pacientes e 25 membros inferiores com IVC, classificados entre C1 e C5 da classificação Clínica, Etiologia, Anatomia e Fisiopatologia (CEAP), oriundos do ambulatório de cirurgia vascular do Hospital Universitário Regional dos Campos Gerais. As variáveis analisadas foram dinamometria isométrica, goniometria, perimetria, adipometria no início, primeiro mês, segundo mês e final da aplicação do protocolo de exercícios. Resultados Os valores da dorsiflexão e da plantiflexão aumentaram 5º (p < 0,001). Na adipometria notou-se uma redução de 5 mm (p < 0,001). Quando separados em grupos pela CEAP, na C2 houve aumento de 5º na dorsiflexão (p = 0,02) e na plantiflexão (p < 0,001); na C3 houve aumento de 5º na dorsiflexão (p = 0,003) e redução de 1 mm na adipometria (p < 0,004); na C1 houve aumento da perimetria de 1,2 cm (p = 0,04). Conclusões A aplicação de protocolos de exercícios deveria ser considerada como uma forma de tratamento para IVC, pois impacta positivamente em fatores de risco e nas funções que estão deterioradas pela patologia.
A influência do Fairtrade no desenvolvimento do capital social: o caso dos cafeicultores da Cooperativa “Dos Costas”
Authors: Aguiar Bruno Henrique , Romaniello Marcelo Márcio , Pelegrini Djalma Ferreira
Published: August 2021

Resumo Este trabalho é fruto do interesse em compreender a influência do Fairtrade no desenvolvimento do capital social. Para tanto, o estudo teve como principal objetivo investigar a influência do Fairtrade no desenvolvimento do capital social entre os cafeicultores Fairtrade associados à Cooperativa “Dos Costas”, que tem sede no município de Boa Esperança-MG. A condução da pesquisa permitiu investigar a existência de relações de confiança, cooperação e participação entre os atores, bem como os laços que mantêm o grupo unido e caminhando na mesma direção. A pesquisa qualitativa contou com a realização de análise documental, entrevistas em profundidade intencional (3 cafeicultores gestores da cooperativa) e por conveniência (6 cafeicultores associados), e com a observação não participante. Os resultados evidenciaram a influência do Fairtrade no fomento ao trabalho colaborativo, fortalecendo as já existentes relações de confiança, cooperação e participação entre os cafeicultores, e contribuindo ainda para a formação de novos laços e o desenvolvimento do capital social.
Increasing labor income and real unit labor costs in Brazilian agrobusiness
Authors: Castro Nicole Rennó , Barros Geraldo Sant’Ana de Camargo
Published: August 2021

Abstract This study analyzes the interactions between per worker labor income (PWLI), labor productivity, real unit labor costs, and the relationship between relevant employee (IPCA) and employers (GDP deflators) prices, specifically focusing on Brazilian agrobusiness. For that purpose, labor productivities of the entire agrobusiness sector and its segments were calculated from 2004 through 2015. We found that the gap between agrobusiness sector deflators and the IPCA did not play a preponderant role to mitigate the effect of PWLI growth of 3.81% annually on real unit labor cost (CURT), which only increased 0.21% annually. In turn, CURT was contained by productivity gains, boosted mainly by agriculture. Without this productivity growth, CURT would have increased at 3.7% annually, thus making unviable the observed simultaneous gains for employers and employees in the Brazilian agrobusiness sector. The result for the primary agrobusiness segment should be highlighted. Even with an annual increase of 4.07% in PWLI, the 7.24% annual growth in productivity implied on an average annual reduction in CURT (-2.56%); without this significant productivity growth, the same increase in PWLI would have boosted CURT by 4.7% annually.
The Learning Incubator: an innovative teaching and learning technology in nursing
Authors: Backes Dirce Stein , Santini Tanise , Freitas Cristina dos Santos de , Naujorks Alexandre Antonio , Backes Marli Terezinha Stein , Büscher Andreas
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the meaning of the Learning Incubator as a teaching and learning technology in the nursing area. Method: Qualitative research, supported by grounded theory. Data was collected from March to November 2019, through interviews with guiding questions and hypotheses directed at two different groups. The analysis was done by comparative data analysis and included open, axial and integrated coding, as proposed by the method. The theoretical sample included 23 participants, which were nurses, technicians, and nursing students. Results: The delimitation of the categories converged in the phenomenon (Re)signifying knowledge and practices in the Learning Incubator. Guided by the paradigmatic model, the categories were named according to the three following components: Condition: Recognizing that the being and the professional practice are inextricable; Action/interaction: Revisiting professional practices that are repetitive and mechanic; Consequence: Referring to the reflections and knowledge constructed in the Learning Incubator. Conclusion: The Learning Incubator, as seen by the study participants, is not limited to the Incubator meetings or the themes addressed in it. Beyond a welcoming physical space, the Incubator expands itself and becomes a tool that promotes self-reflection and self-assessment of professional behaviors and attitudes.
UNPLANNED PREGNANCY IN QUILOMBOLA COMMUNITIES: PERCEPTION OF ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Moraes-Partelli Adriana Nunes , Coelho Marta Pereira , Freitas Paula de Souza Silva
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the perception of adolescents living in Quilombola community regarding unplanned pregnancy and its repercussions on community life. Methodology: descriptive, qualitative research using the creative and sensitive method through the dynamics of creativity and sensitivity: Shortening Distances and Body Knowledge. Participants were adolescents living in a Quilombola community in the rural area of the municipality of São Mateus, Espírito Santo (Brazil). The meetings took place at weekends, on three Sundays in December 2018. The results were organized by the Iramuteq® software and the images and narratives were developed by the content analysis method. Results: nine adolescents, catholic, single, with a family income of less than one minimum wage, living in their own home and living on subsistence agriculture participated. They have access to the public health service, which they use when they get sick. The software demonstrated that the words "pregnant" and "work" are central to their narratives. The experiences of adolescents were expressed by the following categories: Repercussion of pregnancy for adolescents in the Quilombola community; Rights of pregnant women in the community; and Behavior of families and adolescents towards pregnancy. Conclusion: the understanding of unplanned pregnancy, taking into account racial ethnic aspects, makes it possible to develop health education strategies that respect the cultural and social aspects of this community, so that the actions can be successful, which is a great challenge for the professionals involved.
SYPHILIS IN PREGNANCY, FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CONGENITAL SYPHILIS AND NEWBORN CONDITIONS AT BIRTH
Authors: Almeida Anelisa Soares de , Andrade Juliane , Fermiano Rosemary , Jamas Milena Temer , Carvalhaes Maria Antonieta de Barros Leite , Parada Cristina Maria Garcia de Lima
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to investigate factors associated with the occurrence of congenital syphilis in pregnant women with syphilis and to describe the cases of this disease regarding the justification for notification and aspects related to the newborn. Method: cohort study, with data collection between July and September 2017 which included 158 pregnant women diagnosed with syphilis during pregnancy, reported between 2013 and 2015. The characteristics of pregnant women and newborns are presented descriptively. The outcome under study was the occurrence or not of congenital syphilis. Sociodemographic exposure variables related to prenatal care and the adequacy of maternal syphilis treatment were analyzed by the stepwise selection criteria, and those that presented p<0.20, included in adjusted analysis, when critical p <0.05 was adopted. Results: most pregnant women with syphilis were white, had nine or more years of schooling and did not work. Among the participants, 74 (46.8%) had a newborn with congenital syphilis. Independently, the number of prenatal consultations was the only factor associated with congenital syphilis: as the number of consultations increased, the occurrence decreased (p=0.013, OR=0.87, 95%CI=0.79-0.97). The non-treatment of the mother and partner were the most frequent justifications for defining the case of congenital syphilis, and 33 newborns with syphilis presented complications at birth. Conclusion: considering the association with the number of prenatal consultations, in order to reduce cases of congenital syphilis, the municipality should modify the follow-up in this period, offering consultations, developing health education actions, implementing diagnostic investigation and appropriate treatment for pregnant women, and partnership when necessary.
A arte do palhaço na educação médica
Authors: Moreira João Victor , Almeida Marcio José de , Sanches Leide da Conceição , González Alberto Durán , Barreiros Rafael Nascimento
Published: August 2021

Resumo: Introdução: Em todo o mundo, a arte tem sido utilizada como recurso pedagógico no curso médico. No Brasil, vários grupos de “palhaçoterapia” - projetos que envolvem a atuação de estudantes como palhaços-doutores - foram criados visando promover uma humanização do cuidado nos hospitais. A partir daí, vários estudos começaram a identificar impactos da participação nesses projetos na formação médica. Este estudo investiga a percepção do profissional formado acerca da influência da experiência como palhaço-doutor na sua prática médica. Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar, na graduação de Medicina, a formação na arte do palhaço como estratégia para contribuir para o desenvolvimento de competências na prática médica. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva com abordagem qualitativa, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com 15 participantes, que foram escolhidos pela técnica da bola de neve. O universo da pesquisa consiste em médicos que participaram de projetos de palhaçoterapia durante a graduação, em Recife, Pernambuco. As informações coletadas foram organizadas com o auxílio do software MAXQDA e submetidas à análise textual discursiva proposta por Moraes, que segue três passos de forma cíclica: a desmontagem dos textos em unidades de significado, o estabelecimento de relações e a captação do emergente. Resultado: A partir da análise das transcrições das entrevistas, emergiram diversas categorias de competências relatadas pelos participantes. No processo de construção de um novo significado com base nesses achados, foi necessário selecionar os que tinham relação com o que estava proposto nas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN) de Medicina de 2014. As habilidades percebidas foram agrupadas nas seguintes categorias: sensibilização, ressignificação, lidar com o erro e relação com o paciente. Conclusão: Esta pesquisa procurou explorar o fenômeno translacional, por meio do qual se investigaram quais ensinamentos, na visão de profissionais da medicina, foram apreendidos para sua prática a partir da aprendizagem e do exercício da arte do palhaço. Quando se realizou essa comparação com as DCN, foi possível encontrar interseções entre o que se espera desenvolver durante a formação médica e algumas das competências desenvolvidas com ajuda da arte do palhaço.
Factors associated with medical students’ quality of life in a Brazilian northeast countryside university
Authors: Santos Heloísa Alves dos , Segundo Jair Matos , Barreto Maria Luiza Lins , Santos Victor Régis dos , Azevedo George Dantas de , Sousa Ana Carolina Patrício de Albuquerque
Published: August 2021

Abstract: Introduction: The current policy of interiorization of medical education worldwide and the application of active methods, as well as the lack of consensus regarding the factors associated with medical students’ quality of life are topics of discussion in the medical literature. Objective: In view of the scarcity of analyses on the subject, this study aimed to evaluate the topictopic at a medical school in a Brazilian northeast countryside university. Method: Cross-sectional study, developed from March to May of 2018. The questionnaire WHOQOL-bref was used to evaluate the quality of life and the data were related to: sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric data and lifestyle. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics; then, a bivariate analysis was performed with a test for comparison of mean scores aimed to identify possible variables associated with the investigated domains. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify possible factors associated with poor quality of life in the investigated domains. The statistical analysis estimated 95% CI and p-value <0.05. Results: The present study characterized the students’ quality of life and identified the following factors as being associated with poor quality of life: female gender, attending preclinical years, being a smoker, having normal weight classified according to the body mass index, having a negative assessment of their own health and quality of life. The results also showed that most students had a negative evaluation regarding the physical, psychological and environmental domains; in contrast to the social relationships domain, in which most reported a positive assessment. Conclusion: The findings allow discussions about measures aimed at dealing with factors that affect the quality of life of medical students attending medical schools located in remote and rural regions.
MÁQUINAS DE ADMINISTRAR A EDUCAÇÃO: DOMINAÇÃO DIGITAL E BUROCRACIA AUMENTADA
Authors: Lima Licínio C.
Published: August 2021

RESUMO O artigo critica as promessas gerencialistas de desburocratização da educação, admitindo, pelo contrário, a relevância da autoridade racional-legal e a sua possível transmutação em autoridade racional-informacional, servida pelas tecnologias da informação e respetivos instrumentos de controlo e vigilância de tipo digital. Ou seja, chama-se a atenção para a necessidade de estudar as novas formas de dominação digital das organizações e da administração da educação, que podem configurar uma burocracia aumentada, ou hiperburocracia. As novas máquinas de administrar a educação tendem a produzir uma educação tanto mais irracional em termos substantivos quanto mais racional em termos formais, de que podem resultar educação e processos de escolarização desumanizados.
NOVOS CAMINHOS PARA A SOCIOLOGIA: TECNOLOGIAS EM EDUCAÇÃO E ACCOUNTABILITY DIGITAL
Authors: Afonso Almerindo Janela
Published: August 2021

RESUMO O artigo começa por abordar a sociologia digital e descrever algumas expressões do capitalismo atual, para depois situar a emergência de uma accountability digital. É tida em conta a realidade de alguns sistemas educativos em relação ao impacto das plataformas e à urgência de discutir como o seu uso está a ser, ou pode ser, relacionado com a problemática da accountability. Considerando que a dataficação não é neutra, nem ética nem politicamente, ressalta-se a necessidade de garantir processos de coleta e tratamento de dados que sejam viáveis em termos de transparência e democraticamente escrutináveis, evitando que questões importantes em educação sejam deixadas à ação (ou decisão) dos algoritmos e plataformas digitais como instrumentos, cada vez mais poderosos, de administração e gestão.