bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of a Subsequent Dose of Dexmedetomidine or Other Sedatives following an Initial Dose of Dexmedetomidine on Electrolytes, Acid–Base Balance, Creatinine, Glucose, and Cardiac Troponin I in Cats: Part II
Authors: Margeti Chrysoula , Kazakos Georgios , Galatos Apostolos D. , Skampardonis Vassilis , Zacharopoulou Theodora , Tsioli Vassiliki , Tyrnenopoulou Panagiota , Loukopoulos Epameinondas , Papatsiros Vasileios G. , Flouraki Eugenia
Published: March 2024

The administered dose of dexmedetomidine may occasionally fail to produce the anticipated sedative effects. Therefore, a subsequent dose or administration of another sedative may enhance sedation; however, patient safety may be affected. The safety of seven different drugs administered at the following time point after an insufficient dose of dexmedetomidine was evaluated in a crossover, blind, experimental study that included six healthy adult cats. All cats received an initial dose of dexmedetomidine and a subsequent dose of either dexmedetomidine (Group DD), NS 0.9% (DC), tramadol (DT), butorphanol (DBT), buprenorphine (DBP), ketamine (DK), or midazolam (DM). Animal safety was assessed using repeated blood gas analysis and measurement of electrolytes, glucose, cardiac troponin I, and creatinine to evaluate cardiac, respiratory, and renal function. The median values of creatinine, cardiac troponin I, pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, potassium, and sodium did not change significantly throughout the study. Heart rate was significantly decreased in all groups after administration of the drug combinations, except for in the DK group. Respiratory rate decreased significantly after administration of the initial dose of dexmedetomidine and in the DBP and DM groups. The partial pressure of oxygen, although normal, decreased significantly after the administration of dexmedetomidine, whereas the median concentration of glucose increased significantly following the administration of dexmedetomidine. The results of our study suggest that the drug combinations used did not alter the blood parameters above normal limits, while cardiac and renal function were not compromised. Therefore, a safe level of sedation was achieved. However, the administration of dexmedetomidine reduced the partial pressure of oxygen; thus, oxygen supplementation during sedation may be advantageous. Additionally, the increase in glucose concentration indicates that dexmedetomidine should not be used in cats with hyperglycaemia, whereas the decrease in haematocrit suggests that dexmedetomidine is not recommended in anaemic cats.
Evaluating the Human–Water Relationship over the Past Two Decades Using the SMI-P Method across Nine Provinces along the Yellow River, China
Authors: Liu Lu , He Liuyue , Zuo Qiting
Published: March 2024

The foundation for ensuring the sustainable utilization of natural resources and human well-being lies in achieving a harmonious balance between nature and humans. In the Yellow River basin (YRB), numerous water crises, including floods, droughts, soil erosion, and water pollution, threaten its crucial role as a significant economic belt and ecological barrier. Unfortunately, less comprehension regarding the complex human–water relationship in this region has impeded watershed water management decision-makers from identifying key priorities for intervention. Here, we selected 29 evaluation indicators, including water resources, environment, ecology, society, economy, and science and technology from three dimensions: healthy water systems, sustainable human systems, and synergy of human–water system. We applied the entropy weight method, hierarchical analysis, and Single index quantification, multiple index synthesis, and poly-criteria integration (SMI-P) methods to quantify the spatial–temporal variation of the human–water harmony degree (HWHD) in nine provinces of the YRB from 2002 to 2021. We observed a consistent increase in the HWHD across all provinces in the YRB in the past two decades. Notably, five provinces have transitioned from Complete disharmony (0 ≤ HWHD ≤ 0.2) to Nearly complete disharmony (0.2 < HWHD ≤ 0.4). Additionally, the average growth rate of the downstream provinces is faster compared to those upstream. By 2021, the HWHD of upstream provinces like Sichuan and Ningxia, constrained by slower growth, became the two lowest provinces of the YRB, at 0.19 and 0.12 respectively. These findings offer valuable guidance for the region and similar areas grappling with the complex challenges of human–water conflicts, providing insights to navigate and address such dilemmas effectively.
The Relationship between Large Wood Export and the Long-Term Large Wood Budget on an Annual Scale in Japan, Using Storage Function with the Lumped Hydrological Method
Authors: Abe Yuta , Phakdimek Sartsin , Komori Daisuke
Published: March 2024

In this study, we aimed to verify the two relationships on large wood export, as follows: (1) the relationship between large wood recruitment and landslides triggered by intense rainfalls and (2) the relationship between large wood export and the long-term large wood budget on an annual scale, based on the direct export of large wood caused by an increase in large wood recruitment with extreme rainfall events, as well as the baseflow of large wood, which is mainly old large wood recruitment stored at the slopes and in the stream. To reproduce these two relationships, the model consisted of two frameworks, as follows: (1) the rainfall-induced analytical shallow landslide model, with 30 m spatial resolution for large wood recruitment and (2) the double/triple storage function, with the lumped hydrological method at a watershed scale for large wood entrainment. Application of the model to 212 dam reservoir watersheds across Japan resulted in reproducibility in the estimation of large wood export volumes in 134 of the target dam reservoir watersheds, which contribute 63.2% of the target basins. This indicated that our results verified these two relationships as primary relationships. To analyse the difference in large wood export systems, a frequency analysis was conducted using correlation analysis based on large wood export volume and the cumulative values of six patterns of large wood recruitment volumes. The results indicated that there might be differences in large wood export systems between the watersheds represented by the double storage function model and those represented by the triple storage function model.
The Influence of Triphenyltin Exposure on the Osmoregulatory Capacity of Marine Medaka (Oryzias melastigma) at Different Salinities
Authors: Li Teng-Zhou , Chen Cheng-Zhuang , Xing Shao-Ying , Liu Ling , Li Ping , Li Zhi-Hua
Published: March 2024

Triphenyltin (TPT) is an organotin pollutant widely found in the aquatic environment. It has endocrine-disrupting and osmotic pressure toxicity. In this study, the physiological and biochemical effects of TPT and various salinities were investigated in different tissues (gut, gill, and brain) of marine medaka. The exposure experiments were conducted for 42 days in different salinities (0, 15, and 30 ppt) without TPT exposure and in different salinity groups with TPT exposure concentrations of 100 ng/L, respectively. The results showed that the Na+-K+-ATPase (NKA) and Ca2+ATPase activity had significant tissue-specific differences, with the highest activity observed in the gills, indicating their major contribution to osmoregulation. Changes in salinity also resulted in significant alterations in the ion concentrations of the gut and gill tissues in the 0-C and 15-C groups. While the changes in Na+ and Cl− were relatively stable, the presence of TPT disrupted the regulation of Ca2+ and K+. In conclusion, substantial variations were observed in the osmoregulatory capacity of marine medaka tissues. Environmental concentrations of TPT had little effect on osmotic enzyme activity but interfered with the regulation of Ca2+ and K+ concentrations in the tissues. This study provides valuable insights into the osmotic toxicity of TPT in aquatic environments with different salinities.
Machine-Learning-Based Prediction Modeling for Debris Flow Occurrence: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yang Lianbing , Ge Yonggang , Chen Baili , Wu Yuhong , Fu Runde
Published: March 2024

Machine learning (ML) has become increasingly popular in the prediction of debris flow occurrence, but the various ML models utilized as baseline predictors reported in previous studies are typically limited to individual case bases. A comprehensive and systematic evaluation of existing empirical evidence on the utilization of ML as baseline predictors for debris flow occurrence is lacking. To address this gap, we conducted a meta-analysis of ML-based prediction modeling of debris flow occurrence by retrieving papers that were published between 2000 and 2023 from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The general findings were as follows: (1) A total of 84 papers, distributed across 37 different journals in this time period, reflecting an overall upward trend. (2) Debris flow disasters occur throughout the world, and a total of 13 countries carried out research on the prediction of debris flow occurrence based on ML; China made significant contributions, but more research efforts in African countries should be considered. (3) A total of 36 categories of ML models were utilized as baseline predictors for debris flow occurrence, with logistic regression (LR) and random forest (RF) emerging as the most popular choices. (4) Feature engineering and model comparison were the most commonly utilized strategies in predicting debris flow occurrence based on ML (53 and 46 papers, respectively). (5) Interpretation methods were rarely utilized in predicting debris flow occurrence based on ML, with only 16 papers reporting their utilization. (6) In the prediction of debris flow occurrence based on ML, interpretation methods were rarely utilized, searching by data materials was the most important sample data source, the topographic factors were the most commonly utilized category of candidate variables, and the area under the ROC curve (AUROC) was the most frequently reported evaluation metric. (7) LR’s prediction performance for debris flow occurrence was inferior to that of RF, BPNN, and SVM; SVM was comparable to RF, and all superior to BPNN. (8) The application process for the prediction of debris flow occurrence based on ML consisted of three main steps: data preparation, model construction and evaluation, and prediction outcomes. The research gaps in predicting debris flow occurrence based on ML include utilizing new ML techniques and enhancing the interpretability of ML. Consequently, this study contributes both to academic ML research and to practical applications in the prediction of debris flow occurrence.
A Versatile Control Method for Multi-Agricultural Machine Cooperative Steering Applicable to Two Steering Modes
Authors: Zhu Weizhen , Zhang Yuhao , Kong Weiwei , Jiang Fachao , Ji Pengxiao
Published: March 2024

This article aims to address the unnecessary stopping and low efficiency issues present in existing multi-machine cooperative steering control methods. To tackle this challenge, a novel cooperative control approach for multiple agricultural machines is proposed, considering two typical steering modes of farm machinery. This approach encompasses a multi-machine cooperative control framework suitable for both steering modes. Based on the established lateral and longitudinal kinematics models of the farm machines, the method includes a path-tracking controller designed using the pure pursuit and Stanley algorithms, a formation-keeping controller based on PID control, and a T-turn cooperative-steering controller based on a problem-solving approach. To assess the method’s viability, a collaborative simulation platform utilizing CarSim and Simulink was constructed, which conducted simulations for both U-turn and T-turn cooperative steering controls. The simulation results indicate that the proposed control framework and methodology can effectively ensure no collision risk during the U-turn and T-turn cooperative steering processes for three farm machines, eliminating stopping in T-turn, enhancing safety, and improving fuel economy. Compared with traditional sequential control methods, the proposed approach reduced operation time by 17.47 s and increased efficiency by 15.29% in the same scenarios.
A Study on the Performance of the Electrification of Hydraulic Implements in a Compact Non-Road Mobile Machine: A Case Applied to a Backhoe Loader
Authors: Ramos Mariana de F. , Brandao Dener A. de L. , Galo Diogo P. V. , Cardoso Filho Braz de J. , Pires Igor A. , Maia Thales A. C.
Published: March 2024

This work presents a study of the performance of prime mover and hydraulic implement electrification in a backhoe loader. The results are validated through simulation and experimental tests. The construction and agriculture sector has grown in recent years with the aid of compact non-road mobile machines. However, as is common in fossil fuel-powered vehicles, they significantly contribute to increasing emissions. Previous research has primarily relied on powertrain electrification to address the low-efficiency drawbacks. Notably, compact off-road vehicles comprise implements less discussed in the literature. A hybrid series topology is employed, where the rear implement is driven by an electrical drive and the Diesel engine is coupled to a generator. A rule-based energy management strategy is applied. The operation of the Diesel engine and electrical machines in optimal points of the efficiency maps are the basis of the analysis. The design is validated using simulations and experimental tests in a commercial backhoe loader as a benchmark. Experimental and simulation results obtained from the hybrid series backhoe loader applied to the hydraulic implement show a 33% reduction in fuel consumption, demonstrating the effectiveness of electrification in reducing emissions and fuel consumption of compact non-road mobile machines.
Arap Dili ve Belâgati Anabilim Dalındaki Lisansüstü Tezlerin Tema, Cinsiyet, Üniversite ve Öğrenim Türü Bakımından Analizi
Authors: KILIÇ Ramazan
Published: March 2024

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti sınırları dahilinde ilk ilâhiyat fakültesi 1949 yılında Ankara Üniversitesi bünyesinde kurulmuştur. Gün geçtikçe sayıları artan ilâhiyat fakülteleri toplamda üç farklı bölüm ve içlerinde Arap dili ve belâgatinin de bulunduğu yirmi anabilim dalından oluşmaktadır. Arap dili, İslamiyet’in doğuşundan bu yana gerek dini gerekse kültürel bakımdan pek çok milletten insan için araştırma konusu olmuştur. Ülkemizde son yıllarda yürütülen lisansüstü tez sayılarında çok ciddi bir artış gözlenmektedir. İlâhiyat dışındaki fakülte ve bölümlerde araştırma konusu edilen Arapçanın ilâhiyat bünyesindeki konumu ve durumunu ortaya koymak önem arz etmektedir. Bu sebeple Yüksek Öğretim Kurulu’nun resmi tez veri sistemi olan Ulusal Tez Merkezi ve Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı tarafından idare edilen İslam Araştırmaları Merkezi’nin web sayfalarından yararlanarak gerekli verilere ulaşılmıştır. İlgili veriler doküman analizi tekniği kullanılarak yorumlanmıştır. Tez çalışmaları tema, cinsiyet, yıl, dil, üniversite ve lisansüstü düzey bakımından incelenmiştir. Arap diline dair Arapça Mütercimlik-Tercümanlık, Arap dili eğitimi, Arap dili ve edebiyatı gibi diğer dal/programlar bu araştırmanın kapsamı dışında tutulmuştur. Yalnızca ilâhiyat fakültelerinin incelenmesinin temel sebebi tüm yılları temalarına göre kapsayacak sayısal verilerin, makale sınırları içerisinde ele alınmasının mümkün olmayışından kaynaklıdır. Arap dili ve belâgati alanında yapılmış olan tez çalışmalarının bazı yönleriyle dikkat çektiği görülmüştür. Bunlardan ilki, Arapça olarak kaleme alınmış tez çalışmalarıdır. Son yıllarda sayıları hızla artan Arapça tezlerin içerik ve yapısallık açısından değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Ayrıca tez danışmanlığı noktasında Arap dili ve belâgati dışında temel İslâm bilimleri Bölümündeki bir kürsüye mensup öğretim üyelerinin veya diğer bölümlerde görev yapan öğretim üyelerinin danışmanlık görevini üstlenmeleri eleştiri getirilecek noktalardan bir diğeridir.
Pengaruh Suku Bunga, Inflasi, Nilai Tukar Rupiah, dan BOPO terhadap Kinerja Perbankan Syariah di Bank BRI Syariah Periode 2015-2020
Authors: Rosi Awaliatun Nikma Nur , Sa'diyah Mahmudatus
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of interest rates, inflation, rupiah exchange rates, and BOPO (operational costs and operating income) on the performance of Islamic banking at BRI Syariah Bank for the 2015-2020 period. This type of research used is quantitative. The data collection method uses secondary data in the form of quarterly financial statement ratios of BRI Syariah Bank for the 2015-2020 period. The analytical method used in this research is multiple linear regression method. The results of the study indicate that the variables of interest rates, inflation, rupiah exchange rates, and BOPO simultaneously affect the performance of Islamic banking at Bank BRI Syariah for the 2015-2020 period. Partially, interest rates and the rupiah exchange rate have no effect on ROA (return on assets), while inflation and BOPO have a significant effect on ROA (return on assets).
Ekonomi Islam untuk Keberlanjutan Umat Beragama (Studi Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Minat Anggota Non Muslim Dalam Menyimpan di BMT Artha Sejahtera Bantul)
Authors: Sari Sartika , Faozy Mohamad
Published: March 2024

This research comprehensively examines how the Islamic economy is able to move the progress of religious communities, which in this case will be studied related to the factors that influence the interest of non-Muslim members in saving at KSPPS BMT Artha Sejahtera Srandakan Bantul Yogyakarta. The research method is field research with data collection through three stages, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis uses the analysis from Miles and Huberman model, namely data presentation, data reduction, and drawing conclusions. The research results reveal that KSPPS BMT Artha Sejahtera Srandakan Bantul Yogyakarta is a non-governmental organization that was originally initiated by several groups of people who care about the fate of small and medium business actors. The factors that influence the interest of non-Muslim members in saving at BMT Artha Sejahtera Srandakan Bantul Yogyakarta from some respondents' perceptions consist of: location, service, profit sharing, company reputation, promotion, curiosity about the institution's sharia, close friends, and no administrative deductions. From the perception of the community, it is more dominant towards large profit sharing from the company. Therefore, the existence of BMT Artha Sejahtera is actually used as one of the pioneers of Islamic economics for the welfare of religious people at large.
Manajemen UMKM dalam Menghadapi Covid-19 (Studi Kasus UMKM Susu Kedelai Plus “Man Jadda Wajada” Srandakan Bantul)
Authors: Subekti Ulistiyana Widi , Mawftiq Rarasati
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the marketing management of UMKM during Covid-19 and to determine the production management of UMKM during Covid-19 in Gunung Saren, Trimurti, Srandakan, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The research method of this study is a qualitative field research with a case study on UMKM Soy Milk Plus Man Jadda Wajada. The data collection techniques include primary data and secondary data, primary data includes observation, interviews, and documentation. While secondary data includes, collection of books, articles, journals, documentation files, and library materials related to study. The results of the study show that production management has several considerations such as (1) the decision process regarding the production process which regulates the packaging cover and other production facilities, (2) the community's decision capacity regarding production capacity before and after the pandemic, (3) inventory decisions regarding the amount of inventory in production process, (4) quality to pay attention to the quality of the products delivered to consumers, (5) human resources regarding how the community and UMKM get each other's attention and motivation and support. The marketing management has several stages, (1) the planning stage through a door to door strategy, traditional markets, to schools, children's posyandu, and so on, (2) the organizing stage grouping five employees divided into sections, namely in milling, screening, cooking, packaging, and marketing sections, (3) the stage of driving this process all activities are carried out, where the leader or chairman of UMKM has to mobilize all employees, and provide motivation, encouragement and an example in leading, and (4) stage supervision oversees an activity or work in accordance with their respective main tasks.
The Impactof PT PLN Tanjung Jati B's Corporate Social Responsibility on the Welfare of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Yasin Muhammad , Rohman Fatchur
Published: March 2024

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a responsibility towards the environment in realizing the social welfare of the community. This study aims to determine the effect of the CSR of PT. PLN Tanjung Jati B on the welfare of the UMKM under its guidance. CSR indicators are the goals of corporate social responsibility (X1), corporate social issue (X2), corporate relations programs (X3) and the welfare of MSMEs (Y).This study uses primary data in the form of data obtained directly in the field, the research sample is 47 MSME CSR respondents guided by PT. PLN Tanjung Jati B 2019. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling. The study was conducted using questionnaires and interviews, the data analysis method used was quantitative method with multiple linear regression analysis approach.In a small scope, based on the results of the T Test (Partial Test), partially the corporate social responsibility goal variable (X1) from tcount 2,300> ttable 1,68107 shows that the goals of corporate social responsibility have a significant positive effect on the welfare of MSMEs. In corporate social problems (X2) from tcount 1.087  ttable 1.68107 shows that the company relations program has an effect significantly positive on the welfare of MSMEs. Meanwhile, the F test (Simultaneous Test) proves that the objectives of corporate socialresponsibility goal, corporate social issue, and the corporate relations program of PT. PLN Tanjung Jati B significantly affects the welfare of MSMEs by 14,445%.
Pengaruh ukuran perusahaan, profitabilitas, leverage, efisiensi biaya, umur perusahaan dan ukuran dewan pengawas syariah terhadap Islamic social reporting pada perbankan syariah di Indonesia periode 2016-2020
Authors: Rahmawati Debi , Badina Tenny , Rosiana Rita , Fatoni Ahmad
Published: March 2024

This study aims to explain the variables of firm size, profitability, leverage, cost efficiency, firm age, size of the sharia supervisory board in influencing Islamic Social Reporting. The population in this study is Islamic banking in Indonesia which is registered with the Financial Services Authority (OJK) for the period 2016 – 2020. The data used in this study is panel data from 10 samples of selected companies, with a total sample of 50. Company size and company age have a negative and significant effect on ISR. The size of the sharia supervisory board has a positive and significant effect on ISR. Meanwhile, profitability, leverage, and cost efficiency have no significant effect on ISR.
Analisis Penilaian Harga Saham PT. Bank Syariah Indonesia Tbk Berdasarkan Analisis Teknikal
Authors: Alimin Abdul , Lestari Dyah Suci , Amaroh Siti
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine stock price movements and determine when it is appropriate to hold shares, buy shares and sell shares of PT. Bank Syariah Indonesia, Tbk in 2021-2022. Descriptive method is the method used in this research. Secondary data for February 2021-January 2022 in the form of daily time series data is the data used in this study. To analyze the method used is technical analysis in which the indicators are the Moving Average (MA), Relative Strength Index (RSI), and Bollinger Band (BB). The results of the study state a stock price movement that can be read with the three indicators and can know when is the right time to hold, buy and sell shares.
Implementasi Zakat Perdagangan di Desa Karangrandu Kecamatan Pecangaan Kabupaten Jepara
Authors: Mahmudah Lutfiah , Susilo Edi
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the collection and distribution of trade zakat in Karangrandu Village, Peacanganan District, Jepara Regency needs to be carried out to increase knowledge about the Implementation of trade zakat as a reference for the community in paying, distributing and paying trade zakat. The purpose of the research based on the formulation of the problem is to find out how the implementation of trade zakat in Karangrandu Village, Pecangaan District, Jepara Regency. The method used in this research is to use qualitative research methods. The objects used by researchers are Zakat Collection Unit / Unit Pengumpulan Zakat (UPZ) administrators and traders in Karangrandu Village. These results indicate that so far it has been impressed that the distribution of zakat has not been managed professionally so that the value of zakat contained in zakat becomes invisible. Inaccuracies in the distribution of zakat and the identification of the needs of mustahik make zakat not have a broad impact but tend to make the poor as eternal mustahik. The need for traders to know and understand the awareness of zakat through the Karangrandu Village UPZ for the problem of distributing and empowering trade zakat funds that are carried out. There is still a lack of public knowledge, especially traders in zakat.
Analisis Leader Member Exchange, Keseimbangan Kehidupan Kerja, Dan Komitmen Organisasional terhadap Intention Turnover
Authors: Noor Arifin  , Hesti Latifatul Fauziah
Published: March 2024

Research aim of this research is to analyze the influence the variables Leader Member Exchange, Work-Life Balance, and Organizational Commitment to Turnover Intentions employees on PT Pijar Sukma Jepara. Kinds of this research is quantitative. The population was 60 employees, with sampling all population (saturated sample technique). The data analysis used Multiple Linear Regression Analysis and Hypothesis Test. The results shows that Leader Member Exchange has a negative effect to Turnover Intention with t-value -5.177 > t-table -1.672 and significant value 0.000 < 0.05. Work Life Balance has a negative effect to Turnover Intention with t-value -1.912 > t table -1.672 and significant value 0.025 < 0.05. Organizational Commitment has a negative effect to Turnover Intention with t-value of -2.513 > t table 1.67203 and significant value 0.015 < 0.05. Simultaneously F-table is 26.282 > 2.76 and significant value 0,000 < 0.05. So it can be concluded that Leader Member Exchange (X1), Work Life Balance (X2), and Organizational Commitment (X3) simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on the Turnover Intention Variable.
La visibilité de l’inconscient
Authors: Resnik Salomon
Published: March 2024

J’essaye de développer ici, à partir de la rencontre à propos de la position du psychanalyste par rapport au groupe un certain vécu de mon expérience personnelle. Comme dans ma formation psychanalytique, l’expérience en groupe et la théorie groupale n’étaient pas dissociées de l’institution psychanalytique même, pour moi, l’unique position concevable dans le groupe est celle du psychanalyste.

C’est-à-dire qu’indépendamment de toute école, l’analyse du transfert reste la clé essentielle qui ouvre le chemin de tout ce qui se montre et se cache à là fois, c’est-à-dire de tout ce qui apparaît en positif ou en négatif.

Les associations libres dans un groupe, souvent de vraies “dissociations” libres, rappellent le travail que je fais avec des patients psychotiques en individuel. Bien sûr, l’expérience groupale a son histoire particulière à l’intérieur d’une biographie psychanalytique et Freud, avec raison, craignait et était intéressé à la fois par ce que Gustave Le Bon avait suscité en lui : le “groupe-masse” représente probablement pour Freud la contrepartie sociale des pulsions inconscientes difficiles à maîtriser. En effet, on a eu la preuve dernièrement à propos de ce qui s’est passé en Belgique, de l’affolement de la foule chez qui les “instincts” les plus primitifs se sont manifestés dans leur dimension inquiétante et catastrophique.

Les explorations sur la dynamique et théorie groupale nous permettent d’étudier dans un contexte groupal limité (petit groupe de sept à neuf personnes), dans une dimension contrôlable, ce qui se passe dans un contexte macro-social.

Il est évident aussi que les travaux d’après-guerre sur les communautés thérapeutiques auxquelles je participais en Angleterre étaient inspirées par les idées de Foulkes, Rickman, Bion, Pines, Démarré et d’autres, qui étaient déjà reliés au monde psychanalytique. La notion de “large groups” s’y relie dune manière agrandie bien que différente aussi (le quantitatif altère le qualitatif) et ajoute une voie de recherche intéressante qui continue de cette manière l’application de certains principes psychanalytiques dans le champ social La notion de “thérapeutic community” développée par le Dr. T. Main, Maxwel Jones et les autres rejoint et complète l’expérience.
Pouvoir imaginaire et responsabilité réelle
Authors: Prochasson Jean
Published: March 2024

Poder imaginario y responsabilidad real.

Poder y responsabilidad mantienen lazos dialecticos que pueden volverse fuentes de situatciones conflictivas, tanto en el campo de la organisacion politica como en el de la creacion artistica y del psicoanalisis.

En la situacion analitica, la busqueda de un poder en el placer del ejercicio de la practica, puede constituir para el analista un obstaculo a su libertad de actuar y de pertsar. Interfiriendo en el campo de la cura anlitica y de su transmision, especialmente cuando estas se ejercen en un marco grupal o institucional, este proceso de degradacion des poder testimonia en el analista de una falta de confianza en el dispositivo y, finalmente, de una resistencia al analisis que no puede ser levantada sino es por las satisfacciones aportadas al analista - mas alla de su cura y de su formacion -, por la continuacion de su propio analisis concomitante al de sus pacientes.
De la filiation et de la transgression en thérapie familiale au fantôme dans la famille
Authors: Garrigues Pierre , Zanone Chantal
Published: March 2024

From the filiation and the transgression in family therapy to a ghost in the family.

Starting from a five years practice of family therapy with young hospitalized psychotic adults, a model of therapy is suggested. This model combines the action on the outside world and the analysis of fantasmatic activity in the family group. The application of the general system theory associated with the group psychoanalysis is discussed.
De la constitution d’un espace thérapeutique groupal. À propos de groupes d'enfants à la latence
Authors: Privat Pierre , Chapelier Jean-Bernard
Published: March 2024

On the constitution of a group therapeutic space.

The compared analysis of four groups of children (in their latency period) brought through monotherapy by either of the authors allows them to show the different stages which are constant in the constitution, organisation and evolution of these groups.

This study insists on the particular relation that children of that age have with the adult. Thanks to the elaboration of this relationship the authors progressively create a therapeutic group space where everyone can personnaly become involved.
La bande d’adolescents, le psychotique et le groupe familial
Authors: Eiguer Alberto
Published: March 2024

Adolescent gangs, the psychotic and the family group.

The following are my three working hypothesis :

1. A time for reintegration, adolescence is a specific step towards development : childhood fixations can then be redefined, reversed or nullifield.

2. The gang of adolescents is a universal phenomenon that has become possible as a result of what may be called a perverse ego-object internal relationship : what we refer to as «the imaginary group».

3. «The gang’s experience» allows the adolescent to introject the model for grouping which acts within the social group.

For the adolescent who suffers from solitude and feelings of disappointment linked with his auto-erotic behaviour, the gang represents the place where he can conciliate the excesses of his instincts, his need to exteriorize, the dissoluteness of sexual theories and the desire to join imaginative and transgressor group.

If the psychotic adolescent gets involved with a gang, the failure of his insertion will often become the failure of his revolt as an alternative when confronting the family group. To an even greater degree it will become the failure of adolescence itself, as an age of initiation and reorganisation an absolutely essential factor in the integration of his psyche.
Petits groupes analytiques d’enfants autistes et psychotiques avec ou sans troubles organiques
Authors: Haag Geneviève
Published: March 2024

A través de algunos fragmentos detallados de sesiones de grupos analíticos con niños gravemente handicapados (orgánicamente y con sobrecarga autísticay psicática en combinaciones variables), este artículo muestra la posibilidad de un trabajo particularmente centrado en la restauración del continente psíquico. La intensidad del efecto grupo, la comunicación de los niños a través de las manipulaciones de equivalentes simbólicos y a algunos rudimentos de lenguaje, permite un auténtico trabajo de análisis grupal y aporta precisiones Utiles, gracias a la lentitud misma del trabajo, sobre esos niveles primitivos de integración de la personalidad, así como sobre la esencia de los niveles más profundos del aparato psíquico grupal.
Un complément à la formation de l’analyste : le psychodrame analytique
Authors: Amar Nadine , Bayle Gérard , Salem Isaac
Published: March 2024

La présentation du cadre dans lequel se déroule le psychodrame analytique donne une idée précise du rôle des différents protagonistes : le patient, les acteurs thérapeutes, le meneur de jeu. Le psychodrame possède, par rapport à la cure-type, une double originalité : le jeu comme moyen d’accès à la symbolisation ; l’implication corporelle permettant une relance de la vie psychique figée. Les critères d’indication reposent sur les modalités du fonctionnement mental du patient. Deux formes de fonctionnement retiennent plus particulièrement notre attention : traumatique et psychotique. Un aspect fondamental est étudié : la sensibilité de l’acteur à l’identification projective. L’article développe enfin l’intérêt d’une formation au psychodrame analytique.
Le transfert dans les situations de violences sociales
Authors: Puget Janine
Published: March 2024

La transferencia en las situaciones de violencias sociales.

Esta investigación a la necesidad de reconocer la incidence del contexto social traumático en el encuadre grupal. Utilizo très ejemplos ocurridos en el transcurso de ciertos acontecimientos que tuvieron une resonance particular. Intento detector la cualidad de la transference social y su recorrido en tan to reproducción y articulación de un vinculo arcáico y originario así como el de un vínculo secundario donde pueda reencontrarse elementos dependientes de la estructura del contexto macrosocial así como de coda sociedad. Comienzo ocupándome de la transference de las violencias sociales donde podremos detector transference intra-psíquica y la transindividual que se juegan sobre intersubjetivo de los vínculos grupales.
On history and psychoanalysis
Authors: Pines Malcolm
Published: March 2024

Je retrace en premier lieu l’histoire personnelle de Freud dans son contexte familial, et situe sa famille dans son contexte culturel et historique ; j’illustre ensuite certains des modèles personnels dans les rapports de Freud à l’environnement sociopolitique de la fin du XIXe siècle en Autriche-Allemagne. Je traite aussi de la façon dont ses idées peuvent avoir été façonnées par les caractéristiques de la médecine et des sciences au XIXe siècle, et comment celles-ci furent elles-mêmes influencées par les processus historiques.
Psychodrame en institution : l’application du principe syncrétique dans l’interprétation transférentielle
Authors: Nikolić Staniša
Published: March 2024

Nous avons essayé de décrire un type d’interprétation qui, par ses caractéristiques, est placée entre l’interprétation de transfert et l’interprétation directe. Les caractéristiques de ce type d’interprétation proviennent de notre observation du fait que dans la situation psychothérapeutique de groupe, il existe une partie transférentielle et une partie non transférentielle. Le réseau des interactions en groupe ainsi que le contre-transfert du thérapeute par rapport au groupe représentent la partie transférentielle, tandis que le phénomène contenant-contenu représenterait la part non transférentielle. Le but de cette interprétation transférentielle que nous appelons, «l’interprétation syncrétique» - du mot grec syncretismos, unification des éléments différents - est de formuler verbalement pour le malade, de la manière la plus compréhensible, les trois éléments dans la situation hic et hunc d’une façon synthétisée. Elle montre au malade une nouvelle solution de compromis que le malade peut introjecter dans son appareil psychique en modifiant au fur et à mesure l’équilibre pathogène existant entre ses pulsions inconscientes et les défenses, dans un équilibre nouveau des forces intrapsychiques.
Institution et position thérapeutique négative
Authors: Vidal Jean-Pierre
Published: March 2024

Institution and negative therapeutic reaction.

The refusal to become aware when one suffers from ignorance may turn out to be as paradoxical as the denial to get cured when one is sick. We suggest to name "Negative Therapeutic Position" the institutional equivalent of what S. Freud designates as the "Negative Therapeutic Reaction". We assume that the reason for this behaviour aiming at perpetuating the "non knowledge" through its various manifestations (Negative Epistemological Position ) lies like in the NTR, in a refusal of the debt. But in this case, the denial of any inheritance would constitute the "Pact of the Negatives" (or the Negation Pact") binding unwittingly, not only the founders but also the agents an the users of the institution ; those will all, in the course of its history, inevitably actualize through this symptom, what is originally repressed.
Les fonctions du cadre dans la prise en charge institutionnelle
Authors: Pinel Jean-pierre
Published: March 2024

The functions of a manager in institutional responsability.

The "action principles" and processes of inter-reaction manifested within institutional space are considered within a trans-subjective perspective aiming at articulating the caracteristics of the received subjects’ psychical workings with those of the medical group that will care for them. The article proposes to conceive of the "counter-action principles", the effects of symmetry and the splitting phenomena revealed in the clinic as the result of an induction generated by the sheer mass of projective identification deployed by the patients. Thus the workings of the institutional framework as a potential container can be seen as being founded in the first place on the medical team’s capacity to conduct a careful analysis of the intertransferential formations thus mobilised.
Malaises et carences institutionnelles dans la formation pédagogique des instituteurs
Authors: Roquefort Georges
Published: March 2024

The malaise and the institutional deficiencies in the pedagogical training of teachers.

The malaise in the pedagogical training of teachers is described in light of the tremendous regression provoked by the encounter with the children group. The author examines the institutional deficiencies that result in the erasure of oedipian significance factors and in the blocking of the narcissitic investments of the institution and of its members. Expelled from symbolics, the oedipian violence occurs in the institutional, professional and personal life.
Psychothérapie de groupe en pratique privée
Authors: Dubois Claude
Published: March 2024

The author is a psychiatrist-psychoanalyst working as a private practitioner. Besides psychotherapy and psychoanalysis in a individual setting , he uses psychoanalytical psycotherapy in a group setting since about ten years. Discussed here is the advantage of this technique in dealing with some patients, namely bordeline and narcissistic personalities. Problems of technique, transference, counter-transference, and of the interpretation in a group situation are described
Les voix du silence
Authors: Granjon Evelyn
Published: March 2024

Trois brefs exemples cliniques permettent à l'auteur d'aborder quelques questions et de formuler certaines hypothèses sur le travail de contre-transfert et de l'interprétation en thérapie familiale analytique, dans sa partie spécifique concernant la reprise et l'élaboration dans cet espace particulier, des formulations et processus en rapport avec la transmission psychique intergénérationnelle.
Les règles en tant qu’objets transitionnels dans un groupe de «postcrise»
Authors: Magnenat Luc , Verdière Dominique de , Jacot Des Combes Luisa
Published: March 2024

Cet article relate une expérience groupale qui s’adresse à des patients adultes qui viennent de traverser une période de crise. Ce groupe fait partie de la continuité des soins institutionnels d’un secteur psychiatrique de Genève. Après avoir décrit le dispositif groupal, les auteurs s’intéressent particulièrement à la règle de restitution. Celle-ci fait office d'objet transitionnel servant de lien entre les participants et symbolisant l'existence du groupe dans l'intervalle des séances. La confrontation à la règle, puis son intériorisation, et «l'expérience émotionnelle correctrice» vécue dans ce groupe favorisent la restauration du sentiment de continuité de soi.
Réflexions sur la visibilité de l’inconscient Les masques invisibles du quotidien
Authors: Resnik Salomon
Published: March 2024

Reflections on the visibility of the unconscious. The invisible masks of daily life

The invisible or transparent world is a presence, in the negative, of unconscious investments that do not allow themselves to be seen. The poetic experience grounded in the metaphor that we discover in the nature of things is part of all creative contexts. A psychoanalytical perception of existence makes obvious the repressed side of the interior I exterior landscape as well as the masked mystery of all apparent reality. The Ego that discovers and looks at (with all its «senses», as if for the first time) the unexpected dimension of an image or object, develops a feeling of unveiling and sometimes of revelation. I have tried to develop in this article a series of exploratory perspectives concerning individual or group psychoanalytical experience as well as the reality which surrounds every encounter that composes its tissue. The feeling of astonishment in the face of every discovery appears as a reaction, within the psychoanalytical experience, whenever the unexpected side of an unconscious discourse about the real becomes visible. The surrealist poets discovered a poetic way of playing with reality. The unconscious in its pluridimensional state deploys light and shadow across the body of the artist. It is the artist within us who looks out and contemplates himself in the «mirror of the marvellous» of daily life with such a fullness of reseach. The experience of living the unexpected introduces that particular pleasure, not always dissociated from anguish, brought about by every encounter with the unsettling strangeness of the unfamiliar.
La question psychanalytique de la règle fondamentale et du processus associatif dans les groupes
Authors: Kaës René
Published: March 2024

The psychoanalytical question of the fundamental rule and of the associative process within groups

The associative method is one of the constituent elements of the psychoanalytical situation and appears as a fundamental rule. Nevertheless, it’s specific role, which is to reveal to the subject a determined order in the formations and processes of the unconscious, is directly attached to transference. Curiously, the method, the rule and the effects of free association have rarely caught the interest of psychoanalysts using the group setting. After having examined the axiomatic, epistemological and clinical obstacles which make understanding of this question difficult, the author puts forward the conditions capable of generating a double associative process : the first is formed out of the succession of utterances arid meaningful acts which take on an order in the continuity arid discontinuity of associations, the result of intersubjective work as a whole. The second is made up of the utterances arid associative processes of each subject considered in terms of his individuality as well as from the position he occupies in the group chain, correlatively with the other inter subjective positions. This double perspective leads us to give decisive importance to the nodal points in the associative group chain, with the effects of the unconscious which are manifested within the associative process for each individual subject.
Dialectique de la discordance et de la concordance dans la pensée groupale
Authors: Resnik Salomon
Published: March 2024

Etre psychanalyste signifie pour moi développer un insight et une pensée psychanalytique dans tout ce que je fais au niveau de la recherche, de la théorie et de la pratique clinique.

Mes longues années de travail et d’ expérience comme psychanalyste individuel, groupal et institutionnel, m'ont permis de saisir différentes perspectives sur la signification et la compréhension de l'inconscient à divers niveaux et dans plusieurs contextes.

Dans cet article, j'essaie de présenter le cas clinique d'un jeune garçon que je vois avec sa mère et qui présente des troubles dissociatifs de la personnalité et du comportement. Il s'agit d'un patient que j’ai suivi par la suite individuellement. Le contexte groupal, constitué par lui, sa mère et moi, m'a permis d'éclairer certains de ses conflits au niveau de son monde interne, souvent «externalisés» dans son agir psychopathique, et de l'aider à prendre contact avec sa multiplicité discordante, en action.

L'autre exemple est celui d'une psychothérapie psycho-analytique de groupe. Il s'agit d'un groupe mixte et plus nombreux (deux fois par semaine, une heure et demie à chaque séance) qui m'a permis d' analyser les vicissitudes de la trame ou réseau de base du groupe (Foulkes) à travers V interprétation d'un rêve et en tenant compte des différents aspects de la dynamique de transfert et de mon propre contre-transfert.

Ces deux exemples m’ont permis de réfléchir et en même temps de formuler certaines hypothèses sur l'intériorité et l' extériorité de l'être, sa multiplicité «objectale » et ses différents modèles de relations d'objet «en action» à l'intérieur de la trame groupale. Et aussi de montrer les péripéties phénoménologiques d' une série de membres d'un groupe, comme elles apparaissent dans ma vision kaléidoscopique. Je les «vois» ainsi dans leur parcours global, se faire et se défaire, se démembrer et se remembrer (fonction de la mémoire), parfois tel un ensemble musical plus ou moins accordé, ou plus ou moins tempéré à travers un discours de lieux et d'instants. Les membres du groupe vivent une dialectique de «membranes» plus ou moins perméables à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur de chacun par rapport à l'entité globale constituée par le groupe avec sa membrane limitante et délimitante de sa forme.

Tout cela pour revenir à une recherche et à une réflexion après-coup , celles d'un travail de confrontation de perspectives, indivi¬ duelles et groupales, à «l'intérieur de moi-même » et vis-à-vis de la réalité ontologique et conflictuelle de l'homme. Chose que j'ai essayé de communiquer à travers ma longue expérience pour déclencher un dialogue avec autrui.