bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Apalutamide for patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer in East Asia
Authors: Chung Byung Ha , Huang Jian , Ye Zhang-Qun , He Da-Lin , Uemura Hirotsugu , Arai Gaku , Kim Choung Soo , Zhang Yuan-Yuan , Koroki Yusoke , Jeong SuYeon , Mundle Suneel , Triantos Spyros , McCarthy Sharon , Chi Kim N , Ye Ding-Wei
Published: July 2021

Ethnicity might be associated with treatment outcomes in advanced prostate cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) combined with apalutamide in East Asians with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). The original phase 3 Targeted Investigational Treatment Analysis of Novel Anti-androgen (TITAN) trial was conducted at 260 sites in 23 countries. This subgroup analysis included patients enrolled in 62 participating centers in China, Japan, and Korea. Radiographic progression-free survival (PFS), time to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression, and PSA changes from baseline were compared between groups in the East Asian population. The intent-to-treat East Asian population included 111 and 110 participants in the apalutamide and placebo groups, respectively. The 24-month radiographic PFS rates were 76.1% and 52.3% in the apalutamide and placebo groups, respectively (apalutamide vs placebo: hazard ratio [HR] = 0.506; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.302–0.849; P = 0.009). Median time to PSA progression was more favorable with apalutamide than placebo (HR = 0.210; 95% CI, 0.124–0.357; P < 0.001). Median maximum percentages of PSA decline from baseline were 99.0% and 73.9% in the apalutamide and placebo groups, respectively. The most common adverse event (AE) was rash in the apalutamide group, with a higher rate than that in the placebo group (37.3% vs 9.1%). The most common grade 3 or 4 AEs were rash (12 [10.9%]) and hypertension (12 [10.9%]) for apalutamide. The efficacy and safety of apalutamide in the East Asian subgroup of the TITAN trial are consistent with the global results.
Large Odontome Compressing Inferior Alveolar Nerve – A Case Report
Authors: Balaji S. M. , Balaji Preetha
Published: July 2021

A young female sought treatment for a painful swelling in the right mandibular posterior region for the past 1 month with severe halitosis and paresthesia of right lower lip. Past history revealed that #46 was impacted due to an odontogenic tumor and an unsuccessful attempt was made to remove the impacted teeth and the tumor. A warm, tender, mild extra-oral diffuse swelling with right side cervical lymphadenopathy present. Intra-orally, there was a missing crown of 46 with a diffuse, tender buccal cortical expansion with a draining sinus. Imaging studies revealed a radiopaque lesion with a well-defined and rounded radiolucent halo. A provisional diagnosis of acute suppurative osteomyelitis was made and the remaining roots along with the radio-opaque material removed in toto via an open approach method and the entire area reconstructed with autograft harvested from rib. Histopathologically lesion was diagnosed to be a complex composite odontome. The challenges of diagnosis and the implication are discussed.
Development of Strontium-Doped Nano Hydroxyapatite Dentifrice and Compare its Remineralising Potential with a Topical Cream Containing Casein Phosphopeptide- Amorphous Calcium Phosphate – An In Vitro Study
Authors: Rajendran Ratheesh , Nair K Radhakrishnan , Sandhya Raghu , Krishnan Anandhu V. , Anilkumar Aadit , Rakhi PV
Published: July 2021

Aim:

To develop and evaluate the efficacy of synthesised strontium-doped nano hydroxyapatite dentifrice and compare its remineralizing potential with a topical cream containing Casein Phospho Peptide – Amorphous Calcium Phosphate, in remineralizing artificial carious lesion on enamel.

Materials and Methods:

Enamel specimens of 4 × 4 × 1 mm were prepared from 90 freshly extracted teeth. Specimens were divided into 3 groups of 30 samples each, based on the type of dentifrice applied that is a control group (Group I) and two experimental groups (Groups II, III). Surface topography and the calcium/phosphorous ratio of all sound specimen were evaluated using Scanning electron microscope and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (SEM-EDAX). The samples in group I and each of the experimental groups were subjected to demineralisation and the calcium/phosphorous ratio of the demineralized specimen were analysed. The samples were then subjected to remineralisation using different agents in each group. Samples in the control group (Group I) were brushed with a conventional dentifrice. In the experimental groups, Group II topical cream with Casein Phosphopeptide and Amorphous Calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) was used and in Group III laboratory synthesized Strontium-doped nanohydroxyapatite paste (Sr-nHAP), respectively for 28 consecutive days. The samples in the both the control and the two experimental groups were again subjected to SEM-EDAX analysis to analyse the calcium phosphorus ratio following remineralisation cycle. Groupwise comparison of the data was done with one way ANOVA followed by Tukeys Post hoc Test.

Results:

Both experimental groups (II, III) showed statistically significant remineralisation potential after demineralisation, compared to the control group I. Intergroup comparison showed that the samples in Group III showed the higher remineralisation potential than Group II and was statistically significant.

Conclusion:

Both CPP- ACP containing tooth cream as well as Sr doped nHAp showed remineralisation potential. Sr doped nanohydroxyapatite showed better remineralisation than CPP ACP and can be considered for enamel repair in incipient carious lesions.
Comparative Evaluation of Retreatability of Calcium Silicate-Based Root Canal Sealers and Epoxy Resin-Based Root Canal Sealers in Curved Canals-An In-Vitro Micro-Ct Analysis
Authors: Mavishna MV , Venkatesh Kondas Vijay
Published: July 2021

Objective:

To compare and evaluate the retreatability of calcium silicate-based root canal sealers and epoxy resin-based root canal sealers in curved canals using micro-CT scanning.

Materials and Methods:

Forty-five maxillary molars with curved roots were selected after confirming with the Schneiders test. Teeth were decoronated near the cemento-enamel junction and moderate to severely curved canals were selected for the study using cone-beam computed tomography. All the samples were subjected to pre-operative micro-CT scanning. Cleaning and shaping were done using step-back preparation, obturation was done using lateral compaction technique, and homogeneous obturation was achieved. All the specimens were kept in 10 mL of phosphate buffered-saline solution at a pH of 8.4 for 48 h and transferred to a plastic container containing moistened foam with 10 mL of phosphate- buffered saline solution, and stored at 37 °C with 100% relative humidity for 4 months. Retreatment was performed for all the samples using Protaper universal retreatment files. Micro-CT scanning was performed to compare and evaluate the remaining sealer volume and resultant cracks formed in the root canal after retreatment.

Results:

The volume of sealer remaining in the root canal and the length of a crack within the groups were analysed using kruskal–Wallis test and among the groups using post-hoc scheffe test showed that more sealer present in the Diaproseal sealer followed by MTA Fillapex and Bioroot RCS and more crack length was seen in Diaproseal sealer followed by MTA Fillapex and no visible cracks were seen in Bioroot RCS, which had statistically significant results with a P value of < 0.05.

Conclusion:

Within the limitations of the study it was concluded that in-terms of retrievability, Diaproseal sealer was the best among the tested groups followed by MTA Fillapex and Bioroot RCS.
Exploring the Perceptions, Attitude and Experiences of Adolescents, their Parents and Teachers towards Sugar Sweetened Beverages Consumption in the National Capital Region of Delhi
Authors: Mathur Manu Raj , George Matthew Sunil , Nagrath Deepti , Watt Richard G.
Published: July 2021

Objective:

To understand perceptions, attitudes and experiences of school-going adolescents, their parents, teachers and school management towards sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs).

Design:

An exploratory qualitative study was undertaken.

Setting:

The study was conducted in selected, mixed, unaided schools in the state of Delhi.

Subjects:

Students of classes 8 to 12th, principals of schools, teachers, parents and school canteen owners.

Results:

SSBs formed an integral part of the diet of adolescents due to its taste and role as a thirst quencher. Respondents had a fair knowledge of health effects of SSBs. However, they were not aware of the range of drinks that constitute SSBs. Respondents associated SSBs with positivity and happiness. Promotion of SSBs by sports and film stars was cited as a major driver influencing consumption of SSBs by young people.

Conclusions:

SSBs were readily available even though schools had put in measures to restrict their availability in the premises. Peer pressure emerged as a key factor that drove the consumption of SSBs. Advertisements for SSBs involved individuals who were considered role models and these focused on themes that were important for young people such as belongingness, machismo and friendship among others. On the contrary, health promotion messages around obesity or the consumption of SSBs hardly had any brand ambassador or the visibility of campaigns that promoted SSBs.
Effects of Smoking on Oral Health
Authors: More Archana B. , Rodrigues Anisha , Sadhu Bhakti J.
Published: July 2021

Context:

Tobacco smoking is the leading cause of preventable premature mortality in the world. Smoking is also detrimental to oral health, causing unaesthetic tooth staining, bad breath, periodontal diseases, impaired healing of wounds, increased risk of dental implant failure, precancerous conditions and oral cancer.

Aims:

To assess the awareness of the effects of smoking on oral health among smokers in Mangalore city and to assess the smoker's willingness to quit smoking.

Settings and Design:

Cross-sectional study.

Material and Methods:

Data was collected from 140 participants. A cross sectional study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire to determine the sociodemographic characteristics, awareness about the effects of smoking on oral health and their willingness to participate in smoking cessation programs and to quit smoking.

Results:

There was statistically significant difference found in the level of awareness of the smoking effects on oral cancer, on tooth staining and dental implants. However, it was observed that the upper socioeconomic class showed a comparatively higher level of awareness than the other classes. No significant differences were found in the level of awareness of the smoking effects on gum disease and on wound healing. One hundred and thirteen individual out of 140 expressed their willingness to quit smoking and also 78 respondents showed a positive attitude toward participation in cessation programs.

Conclusion:

Participants in this sample had some knowledge about the effects of smoking, but were not much aware of its effect on dental implants, requiring further education.
An In-Vivo Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Analysis of Root and Canal Morphology of Maxillary First Permanent Molars in an Indian Population
Authors: Pawar Ajinkya , Thakur Bhagyashree , Machado Ricardo , Kwak Sang W. , Kim Hyeon-Cheol
Published: July 2021

Background:

The root and canal morphology of maxillary first permanent molars (MFPMs) is a very widely studied issue in endodontics. However, only one study has been conducted to date on this issue using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in India, and the sample consisted of extracted teeth.

Aim:

To investigate the root and canal morphology of MFPMs in an Indian population, by using CBCT.

Methods and Material:

487 bilateral MFPMs (974 teeth) were assessed and the root and canal morphology were determined according to Vertucci's classification. In addition, the prevalence of a second mesiobuccal canal in the mesiobuccal root (MB2) was correlated with gender, age and arch side.

Results:

Three roots were most commonly found in the MFPMs regardless of gender (P > 0.05), but this prevalence varied according to the side of the dental arch (P < 0.05). MB2 was present in 77.5% of 3-rooted teeth. Patients above 60 years had a higher incidence of these canals (84.7%) (P < .05). The occurrence of bilateral MB2 was 71.8% in 3-rooted MFPMs. Gender had no significant impact on the occurrence of bilateral MB2 in 3-rooted MFPMs (P > .05). The most common canal configuration was type IV (46.5%) and I (98.9%) in the mesiobuccal and distobuccal roots, respectively (P < .05). The prevalence of MB2 in 3-rooted MFPMs was higher in patients above 60 years of age.

Conclusions:

The root and canal morphology of MFPMs in an Indian population may have significant variations depending on the dental arch side and patient age.
Asymptomatic Palatal Mass
Authors: Divyambika C. V. , Srinivas K. Satish , Subramanian S. Sathasiva , Elengkumaran S. , Malathi N.
Published: July 2021

Accidental detection of asymptomatic clinically suspicious lesions is a common occurrence in routine clinical examination of the oral cavity. In certain cases, these lesions may mimic benign lesions further adding to confusion. In this case report, we have discussed the case of a 51-year-old male patient with an asymptomatic palatal mass which was detected during a routine dental check-up and subsequently confirmed to be an adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) arising from the minor salivary glands. The patient underwent right partial maxillectomy followed by radiation therapy and has been disease-free for 6 years and is on follow-up. ACC is a malignant tumour of the salivary glands commonly occurring in the palate, characterized by a slow indolent growth phase, with a high predilection for late recurrences which can be local or systemic. This article describes the importance of recognizing this clinical entity as a differential diagnosis in the evaluation of asymptomatic palatal lesions to enable early diagnosis and institution of appropriate treatment to successfully treat the disease.
Osteotome-Mediated Sinus Floor Elevation using an In Situ Hardening Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Bone Graft Substitute Compared to Xenograft
Authors: Kakar Ashish , Sripathi Rao Bappanadu H. , Deshpande Nikhil , Hegde Shashikanth , Kohli Anil , Patney Aditya , Mahajan Harsh
Published: July 2021

Aim:

To assess osteotome-mediated sinus floor elevation (OMSFE) with simultaneous implant placement using an in situ hardening biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) compared to xenograft as a control.

Methods:

Patient in need for sinus floor augmentation in one or both sinuses were selected for this randomised controlled clinical trial. Sites presenting a residual sinus floor height of 3–6 mm and eligible for OMSFE were randomly assigned to receive either BCP (test) or xenograft particles (control). CBCT scans were performed before and at the time of implant loading (180 days). The difference in sinus floor height gain between the two groups was set as the primary endpoint parameter for equivalence testing. The implant insertion torque (ITV) was recorded and Implant stability quotients (ISQ) was assessed upon implant placement, abutment connection (160 days) and implant loading (180 days).

Results:

A total of 54 sinus lifts were performed in 42 patients including 12 bilateral cases. Four implants failed (two in each group) and a total of six patients were lost to follow-up. Statistical analysis of sinus floor height revealed no significant differences (P < 0.05) between groups at baseline nor at 180 days after augmentation. There was no statistical difference in sinus floor height gain between the two groups as supported by the 90% confidence intervals of the difference between groups. Good primary implant stability was confirmed in both treatment groups by ITV and ISQ measurements.

Conclusions:

Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that OMSFE using in situ hardening BCP particles results in equivalent sinus floor height gain than using xenograft particles but offers an easier application.
Evaluating the relationship between dosimetric parameters and esophagitis in patients who experienced radiotherapy in the cervicothoracic region
Authors: Siavashpour Zahra , Rabiee Nazanin , Bakhshandeh Mohsen , Anvari Amir , Zayeri Farid
Published: July 2021

Purpose:

Prescribing radiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiation for cervicothoracic cancers inevitably leads to esophagitis. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the correlation between the dose–volume parameters and the esophagitis in patients who received radiotherapy in the cervicothoracic region.

Materials and Methods:

Forty cancerous patients whose radiotherapy fields were in the cervicothoracic region have been rolled. The correlation between the dosimetric and clinical factors with esophagitis was analyzed through binary logistic regression model and Pearson correlation tests and was quantified with receiver operating characteristic curve.

Results:

The patients participating in the study were selected from breast (6 cases), lymphoma (7 cases), and head-neck (27 cases) patients with prescription doses of 36–72 Gy. Increasing esophagus mean dose resulted in an increase of acute esophagitis significantly (P = 0.05). Furthermore, by one-gray increase in the esophagus median dose, the possibility of esophagitis increased by 9.3% (P = 0.02). To prevent acute esophagitis (Grade ≥2), D50 should be kept below 7 Gy. To limit acute esophagitis, V40 should be kept below 19% (P = 0.04).

Conclusions:

Based on the correlation analysis of the current study, concurrent chemoradiotherapy, DMean, D50, D80, and V40 are known as reliable predictive dosimetric parameters of acute esophagitis incidence in patients who experienced radiotherapy in the cervicothoracic region.
Visual symptoms after a cardiac ablation procedure
Authors: Monteiro Catarina M. , B. Mota Mafalda S. , R. Ramalho Mário R. , C. Prieto Isabel M.
Published: July 2021

The current study reports three cases of both adult and pediatric patients with a history of self-limited episodes of visual symptoms following ablative procedures for cardiac dysrhythmias. Neurological and ophthalmological evaluations were always unremarkable even when performed during the episodes. The visual disturbances subsided spontaneously, and none of the patients developed any kind of permanent visual damage.
Clonazepam-induced acute bilateral transient myopia
Authors: Swati Singh , Akanksha Koul
Published: July 2021

Clonazepam belongs to the benzodiazepine group of drugs and has a quick onset and prolonged duration of action. It is frequently prescribed for treatment of anxiety disorder and panic attacks. Benzodiazepines are known to induce angle closure glaucoma in susceptible eyes but acute drug induced myopia is reported only with Chlordiazepoxide usage. We report the case of a 45-year-old woman who developed acute bilateral myopia after consumption of clonazepam which resolved completely after drug withdrawal.
Effect of Postoperative Radiotherapy after Primary Tumor Resection in De Novo Stage IV Breast Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Study (KROG 19-02)
Authors: Kim Yeon Joo , Kim Yeon-Joo , Kim Yong Bae , Lee Ik Jae , Kwon Jeanny , Kim Kyubo , Cha Jihye , Kim Myungsoo , Jo In Young , Kim Jung Hoon , Park Jaehyeon , Kim Jin Hee , Kim Juree , Shin Kyung Hwan , Kim Su Ssan
Published: July 2021

Purpose This study aimed to investigate the impact of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in de novo metastatic breast cancer (dnMBC) patients undergoing planned primary tumor resection (PTR) and to identify the subgroup of patients who would most benefit from PORT.Materials and Methods This study enrolled 426 patients with dnMBC administered PTR alone or with PORT. The primary and secondary outcomes were overall and progression-free survival (OS and PFS), respectively.Results The median follow-up time was 53.7 months (range, 3.1 to 194.4). The 5-year OS and PFS rates were 73.2% and 32.0%, respectively. For OS, clinical T3/4 category, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), postoperative chemotherapy alone were significantly poor prognostic factors, and administration of PORT failed to show its significance. Regarding PFS, PORT was a favorable prognostic factor (hazard ratio, 0.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.50 to 0.82; p < 0.001), in addition to T1/2 category, ≤ 5 metastases, and non-TNBC. According to the multivariate analyses of OS in the PORT group, we divided the patients into three groups (group 1, T1/2 and non-TNBC [n=193]; group 2, T3/4 and non-TNBC [n=171]; and group 3, TNBC [n=49]), and evaluated the effect of PORT. Although PORT had no significance for OS in all subgroups, it was a significant factor for good prognosis regarding PFS in groups 1 and 2, not in group 3.Conclusion PORT was associated with a significantly better PFS in patients with dnMBC who underwent PTR. Patients with clinical T1/2 category and non-TNBC benefited most from PORT, while those with TNBC showed little benefit.
Anxiety and depression risk in patients with allergic rhinitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rodrigues J. , Franco-Pego F. , Sousa-Pinto B. , Bousquet J. , Raemdonck K. , Vaz R.
Published: July 2021

Background: Allergic diseases appear to be associated with mood disorders. However, particularly regarding allergic rhinitis (AR), such association has not been adequately systematically reviewed. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the association between AR and depression and anxiety. Methodology: We performed an electronic search of PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus for observational studies assessing the association between AR and depression and anxiety. Such association was quantified by means of random-effects meta-analysis, with estimation of pooled odds ratio (OR). Sources of heterogeneity were explored by subgroup analysis. Results: We included a total of 24 primary studies, of which 23 assessed depression and 11 assessed anxiety. Of these, 12 studies presented OR from multivariable regression models and were included in our meta-analysis. AR was associated with higher odds of depression and anxiety. Conclusions: AR appears to be associated with high risk of depression and anxiety. While our results point to the importance of mental comorbidities among patients with AR, longitudinal studies are needed adopting uniform definitions and presenting results stratified by AR severity.
Social Media/Networking: Applications, Technologies, Theories
Authors: Madakam Somayya , Tripathi Siddharth
Published: July 2021

Nowadays, Social Media communication has become indispensable for the world. Social Media is indeed a paradigm shift in communication. The beauty of this new communication method is the offer of virtual connectivity irrespective of geographical distances. The medium serves us 24/7 with online videos, audios, pictures, and rich textual content. Given its wide usage, it is extremely crucial to study key details of social media, including the pioneers, theories, and business applications. This manuscript has relied on the “Web of Science” database and the Vantage Point 9 text-mining tool, with Aduna map visualization, to collate about 50 research articles published during 2008-2016 that have studied social media in detail. The objective of this article is to explain the impact of social media sites, technologies and applications.
Visible-light photocatalysis over MIL-53(Fe) for VOC removal and viral inactivation in air
Authors: Park Soo Yeon , Seo Jiwon , Kim Taewan , Kim Joohyun , Choi Joon-Young , Lee Changha
Published: July 2021

MIL-53(Fe), synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method, was investigated for the removal of toluene and inactivation of bacteriophage ⲪX 174 in air under visible light illumination. MIL-53(Fe) exhibited superior photochemical activity to other metal organic frameworks synthesized by the same method with different metal precursors. Analytical methods of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, BET specific surface area analysis, SEM-EDS, FT-IR analysis, XRD, Mott-Schottky analysis, and XPS were used to characterize MIL-53(Fe). The illuminated MIL-53(Fe) removed input toluene (C0 = 3.59 g/m3) by 66% in 6 h by adsorption and subsequent photocatalytic oxidation. High humidity and temperature, and the anoxic condition inhibited the toluene removal. MIL-53(Fe) showed sustainable toluene removal for five consecutive runs, even though the photocatalytic activity slightly decreased. Meanwhile, the illuminated MIL-53(Fe) also resulted in the inactivation of ΦX 174 suspended in air, achieving approximately 3 log inactivation in 60 min (N0 = ~106 PFU/mL air). Similar to toluene removal, the presence of oxygen and low humidity were beneficial for viral inactivation. The photo-generated holes are believed to be responsible for the organic degradation and viral inactivation by the illuminated MIL-53(Fe).
AHİDNÂME-İ HÜMÂYÛNLARIN GENEL ÖZELLİKLERİ VE 83/1 RUSYA AHİDNÂME DEFTERİNDEN ÖRNEK BİR AHİDNÂME TAHLİLİ
Authors: BULUT Büşra
Published: July 2021

Osmanlı arşivinde bulunan Düvel-i Ecnebiye defterlerine kayıd edilen Ahidnâme-i Hümâyûn, Osmanlı Devleti padişahları tarafından yabancı devlet hükümdarlarına hitaben yazılan resmi belgelerdir. Ahidnâme-i Hümayunların içeriğinde Osmanlı Devleti’nin yabancı devletlerle yaptığı antlaşmalar ve ticarî imtiyazlar hakkında bilgiler yer almaktadır. Bu açıdan ahidnâme-i hümâyûnların incelenmesi Osmanlı diplomasi araştırmalarına önemli katkılar sağlayacaktır. Ahidnâmeler, içerikleri itibariyle yalnızca antlaşma maddeleri ya da ticari imtiyazları içermemektedir. Bunun yanı sıra Osmanlı diplomasisinde yaşanan değişimlere bu belgeler aracılığıyla ulaşabilmekteyiz. Nitekim diplomatik belgeler olan ahidnâme-i hümâyûnlarda bir takım rükünlar bulunmaktadır ve rükünların yazımında kullanılan diplomatik uslüp ahidnâmelerin içeriğine göre değişmektedir. Bu değişimlerin tespiti devletlerarası ilişkilerin gelişimi açısından önem arz etmektedir. Çalışmada ahidnâmelerin genel özellikleri ile Osmanlı tarihi çalışmalarındaki kaynak değeri üzerinde durulmuştur. Ayrıca konuyu daha somut bir şekilde ele almak amacıyla, 83/1 Numaralı Rusya Ahidnâme defterine bağlı bir ahidnâme örneği transkribe edilerek, diplomatik açıdan tahlil edilmiştir.
Optimizing experimental design for genome sequencing and assembly with Oxford Nanopore Technologies
Authors: Sutton John M. , Millwood Joshua D. , Case McCormack A. , Fierst Janna L.
Published: July 2021

High quality reference genome sequences are the core of modern genomics. Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) produces inexpensive DNA sequences, but has high error rates, which make sequence assembly and analysis difficult as genome size and complexity increases. Robust experimental design is necessary for ONT genome sequencing and assembly, but few studies have addressed eukaryotic organisms. Here, we present novel results using simulated and empirical ONT and DNA libraries to identify best practices for sequencing and assembly for several model species. We find that the unique error structure of ONT libraries causes errors to accumulate and assembly statistics plateau as sequence depth increases. High-quality assembled eukaryotic sequences require high-molecular-weight DNA extractions that increase sequence read length, and computational protocols that reduce error through pre-assembly correction and read selection. Our quantitative results will be helpful for researchers seeking guidance for de novo assembly projects.
Lazer e juventude universitária: em foco as danceterias
Authors: Nascimento Thaiane Bonaldo , Marin Elizara Carolina
Published: July 2021

A pesquisa objetiva compreender as danceterias como uma forma de vivência de lazer da juventude universitária anteriormente ao fenômeno ocorrido na Boate KISS. O estudo se caracteriza como uma análise documental da mídia jornalística Diário de Santa Maria. Para análise das mensagens utilizou-se da Análise de Conteúdo. Frente a precarização do lazer público da cidade as danceterias consolidaram-se como um dos principais espaços de lazer da juventude universitária e, consequentemente, constituem parte da economia de Santa Maria. A análise das matérias da mídia impressa Diário de Santa Maria contribuíram para inferir sobre a relação direta entre juventude, danceteria, superlotação e consumo de bebidas alcoólicas. As imbricações entre juventude universitária e lazer mercadoria é uma realidade, no entanto, os empreendimentos de lazer não podem ser entendidos somente pelo viés do negócio, mas articulador do encontro e da fruição. Realizar a crítica ao lazer mercadoria não é negar o seu usufruto, mas instigar a tomada de consciência da alienação e do estranhamento imposto por este, e da luta a ser travada no âmbito da política para a consolidação do lazer público e de qualidade, como direito social e expressão de liberdade.
Diabetes gestacional e os efeitos do exercício físico em sua prevenção
Authors: Santos Amanda Ferreira dos , Borges Grasiely Faccin
Published: July 2021

O diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) é uma das complicações mais frequentes da gravidez e o exercício físico é uma proposta para prevenção. O objetivo desta revisão sistemática consiste em sintetizar os estudos randomizados controlados de programas de exercícios físicos, durante a gravidez para e apresentar seus efeitos acerca da prevenção da DMG e seus benefícios. Esta revisão teve como fonte de pesquisa os bancos de dados bibliográficos da Cochrane Library Plus, Wholis, Scielo, PubMed e Web of Science. A estratégia de busca aplicada foi à pesquisa por termos como “gravidez ou gestação”, “exercício físico ou atividade física na gestação”, “diabetes gestacional ou resistência à insulina” e “ganho de peso materno ou ganho de peso gestacional”. Foram recuperadas 665 referências, dos quais 10 deles atendiam aos critérios de inclusão e foram usadas ​​para análise. O estudo verificou que o exercício físico durante a gravidez impede o ganho excessivo de peso materno reduzindo o risco de DMG, sem apresentar risco para o bem-estar materno e fetal. Os benefícios dos programas são maiores quando a intervenção inclui exercícios combinados. Dessa forma mulheres sem contraindicações obstétricas devem ser encorajadas a realizar exercícios físicos com o devido acompanhamento e orientações.
Educação Física e promoção da saúde escolar: reflexão a partir da perspectiva do gestor
Authors: Lima Carlos Henrique de Freitas , Nakano Mônica Mitsue , Silva Marta Angélica Iossi , Andrade Luciane Sá de , Gonçalves Marlene Fagundes Carvalho
Published: July 2021

Objetivou-se analisar a relação entre a Educação Física e a promoção da saúde no contexto escolar na perspectiva do gestor escolar. O percurso metodológico norteou-se por uma abordagem qualitativa à luz da perspectiva Histórico-Cultural de Vygotski, um estudo de caso, por meio de análise crítica de uma entrevista realizada com um gestor de uma escola estadual no Estado de Minas Gerais. Observa-se o estabelecimento de uma relação direta entre a promoção da saúde e a disciplina Educação Física no espaço escolar que converge para um protagonismo e responsabilização excessiva deste campo do saber no desenvolvimento das ações de promoção da saúde na escola. Conclui-se, que tais apontamentos revelam como os significados historicamente atribuídos à Educação Física escolar desde sua gênese, ainda se encontram presentes no imaginário social e direcionam ações ainda na atualidade.
La educación en línea en universitarios. Un estudio en Puebla, México
Authors: Buendia-Lozada Enrique Ricardo Pablo , Morales Lorenzana Libni , Castillo Diaz Daniel
Published: July 2021

En México y particularmente en la universidad no se conocen los factores de éxito del e-learning. El propósito de este estudio fue conocer el peso de los factores y de las dimensiones de e-learning. Se enviaron 252 cuestionarios por correo electrónico a alumnos de la Licenciatura en Cultura Física de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México; solo se contestaron 63. Para el análisis de dichas encuestas se usó el Proceso Analítico Jerárquico, para obtener el peso de los Factores Críticos de Éxito de e-learning que significa conocer la importancia de estos, y sus relaciones usando el análisis de componentes principales. Los resultados indicaron que los instructores tienen más peso que los alumnos y que no tiene peso la relación alumno con otros alumnos. Concluyendo que el peso de los factores y de las dimensiones del e-learning muestran un referente que anteriormente no existía de manera local para su orientación pedagógica.
Ensino a distância na Educação Superior: um estudo do perfil discente em Santa Catarina
Authors: Schiestl Alexandre , Anselmo Margarete Catarina , Liz Fernando Dias de
Published: July 2021

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo identificar o perfil dos pós-graduandos matriculados no curso de ensino a distância (Ead) no estado de Santa Catarina. Para o estudo, estabeleceram-se os seguintes objetivos específicos: a) apresentar os motivos e vantagens de ingressar em um curso Ead, b) verificar os níveis de satisfação com o curso Ead, c) demonstrar o grau de interação dos pós-graduandos com o ambiente virtual de aprendizagem (AVA). A aplicação de questionário on-line por meio da plataforma Google Docs foi à metodologia utilizada para chegar aos resultados, dos quais demonstram que as grandes vantagens de se cursar uma graduação Ead é o tempo, assim gerando uma maior satisfação com o curso escolhido. Também durante a pesquisa possibilitou-se avaliar as ferramentas do ambiente virtual de aprendizagem (AVA), e dentre as inúmeras opções quais são as mais e as menos acessadas e ou requisitadas para o desenvolvimento das atividades propostas pelo corpo docente da instituição.
Itinerarios terapéuticos y pluralismos médicos de las migrantes bolivianas en Argentina [Therapeutic itineraries and medical pluralisms of Bolivian migrant women in Argentina]
Authors: Aizenberg Lila , Baeza Brígida
Published: July 2021

Este artículo surge de la pregunta respecto a cómo se pueden generar procesos interculturales en salud dentro de contextos limitados para el cuidado de la salud y el acceso a servicios de migrantes, en particular mujeres que migran. Para esto, proponemos el análisis de los sistemas de salud y del contexto de vida más amplio que rodea los procesos de salud, enfermedad y atención de mujeres migrantes bolivianas viviendo en tres ciudades del interior de la Argentina. Desde una perspectiva cualitativa, llevamos adelante entrevistas con profesionales de la salud e informantes clave, así como observaciones realizadas en espacios de vida, servicios de salud y organismos públicos de referencia. Se concluye la necesidad de generar abordajes que permitan reflexionar sobre la capacidad resolutiva de los sistemas sanitarios, así como una mayor inclusión de los distintos modos de entender las formas de sanar el cuerpo y el malestar, especialmente en contextos de alta vulnerabilidad social.
Estado Republicano y Sujeto Indígena
Authors: Fandos Cecilia
Published: July 2021

En este artículo exploramos la experiencia militar de las poblaciones indígenas de la Puna de Jujuy durante el ciclo de las guerras civiles decimonónicas de la Argentina. Nos proponemos examinar la composición numérica y variación de las tropas de la región durante cuatro décadas, así como las causales y las proyecciones de un motín protagonizado en el año 1837. Sostenemos que ante un proceso de militarización concreto y tangible se sustentaron actos de resistencia a la milicia y trascendentales negociaciones. Trabajamos un corpus documental diverso de los Archivos Históricos de la Provincia de Jujuy y Salta y del Archivo General de la Nación (Argentina).
“Mi arte habla por mis dos pueblos”
Authors: Comisarenco Mirkin Dina
Published: July 2021

A partir de sus experiencias personales, y de su nacionalidad doble, norteamericana y mexicana, la escultora y artista gráfica Elizabeth Catlett desarrolló un concepto de identidad muy dinámico, nutrido tanto por la experiencia vivencial como por la memoria histórica. En este trabajo se estudia la producción gráfica de la artista durante su participación en el Taller de Gráfica Popular, prestando especial atención a la producción dedicada a las mujeres negras norteamericanas y a las indígenas mexicanas, obras con las que la artista contribuyó de forma notable a la ampliación de las preocupaciones sociales propias del Taller, para abarcar también el reconocimiento de la identidad de género, clase y raza y de su interseccionalidad, según el concepto acuñado por la feminista Kimberlé Crenshaw para referirse a la percepción cruzada de las relaciones de poder y de opresión.
Josefa Acevedo de Gómez
Authors: Espínola Guzmán Jennifer
Published: July 2021

Este trabajo tiene por objeto analizar el pensamiento de doña Josefa Acevedo de Gómez, considerada una de las escritoras más conocidas de la república colombiana de su época, a través de una de sus obras, titulada Ensayo sobre los deberes de los casados, escrito para los Ciudadanos de la Nueva Granada (1845). Compararemos esta obra con el desarrollo de su vida personal para comprobar si existe algún tipo de vínculo o si, por el contrario, existe una clara diferencia entre las ideas plasmadas en su obra y su realidad personal. Además, observaremos cuál debía ser el rol de las mujeres y de los hombres unidos en matrimonio en su época, ya que doña Josefa defendía (y difundía desde sus textos) un modelo de familia muy concreto, en procura de establecer un patrón de comportamiento a seguir por parte de la clase social a la que pertenecía, la burguesía urbana capitalina colombiana.
The Correlation of Cystic Fibrosis Mutations and Dental Caries in A Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Banjar Hanaa , Ghomraoui Reem
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Previous data showed that dental caries is common in the Saudi general population as well as in
the Cystic fibrosis patients.
Objectives: to identify the correlation of dental caries severity with cystic fibrosis (CFTR) gene mutations in a
tertiary care center
Methodology: Retrospective cohort study through reviewing medical files for cystic fibrosis patients who had
dental assessment during the period January 1998 to December 2018.
Results: A total of 56 patients in group 1 (less than 12 years of age) and 55 patients for group 2 (more than 12
years of age). The score for dental caries (decay, missing and filled teeth) dmft/DMFT were 4.85 (4.6) for group
1 and 5.94 (4.27) for group 2. There were 3 common mutations in both groups namely in c.3700A>G,
c.1418delG and c.1911delG. There is another common mutation in group 1 located in c.579+1G>T. Additionally,
group 2 has another 3 common mutations that included c.416A>T, c.3909C>G, and c.1647T>G. Almost 95 % of
mutations are in homozygous state in both groups. There was no single mutation that favors deterioration in
DFMT score. Almost all mutations have similar scores, but certainly, group 2 has worse DFMT compared to
group 1. There was no difference in dmft/DMFT scores between homozygous and heterozygous CFTR in both
groups.
Conclusion: No identified mutation that correlates with worsening in dental caries scores. There was no
difference in dental caries’ scores between homozygous and heterozygous CFTR in both pediatric and adult
groups
University Students from Four Ethnopolitical Conflict Zones: An Exploratory Study of Perceptions of Self and Country
Authors: Byrne Sean , McLeod Colleen , Polkinghorn Brian
Published: July 2021

This exploratory comparative case study examines hopes and fears for self and country of 300 students attending university in Bosnia-Herzegovina, Northern Ireland, South Africa, and Sri Lanka. Students report living in stressful societies where ethno political and state violence were the norm. The results of this qualitative study indicate that while the young people are optimistic about their life changes, they are concerned that the conflicts could re-ignite and spiral out of control. In particular, the students’ images indicate the importance of the self-society relationship and that these young adults relish the challenge of being productive citizens in their post-conflict societies.
Rudolf the Haitian Reindeer and Other Heroes: Helping Children Perform Change
Authors: Rambo Anne , Bello Nathalie , Pasquet Maud
Published: July 2021

A meta analysis of studies concerning youth violence suggests that when children see themselves and are seen by surrounding adults as positive, prosocial leaders, they are less likely to become involved in bullying either as bullies or as victims (1). MFT’s have recently been encouraged to work more directly with children (2) and to adapt their service delivery methods to the needs of clients (3). The authors worked directly with 122 children in their community settings, involving parents and school officials as an encouraging audience (4) to the children’s new views of themselves. 90% of preteen girls (ages 9 to 11), and 100% of young teens of both genders (ages 12 to 14) saw themselves as more positive leaders after our 8 week program; 89% of their parents and 90% of school officials independently saw positive changes.
The Role of Economic Assistance in Conflict Resolution in Northern Ireland
Authors: Byrne Sean , Irvin Cynthia , Fissuh Eyob , Cunningham Chris
Published: July 2021

External economic assistance from the International Fund for Ireland and the European Union Special Support Program for Peace and Reconciliation assisted in setting the context of the Northern Ireland peace agenda, and holds out the promise of a new civic culture. This article explores people’s perceptions of economic assistance of conflict amelioration in Northern Ireland. Some of the findings, in respect of inter-community differences in perceptions of the utility of external economic assistance in building the peace dividend, are discussed in the paper.
Encounters in the Looking-glass of Time: Longitudinal Contribution of a Life Story Workshop to the Dialogue between Jewish and Arab Young adults in Israel
Authors: Hirsch Tal , Bar-On Dan
Published: July 2021

The field of encounter groups between Jews and Arabs in Israel is commonly discussed in academia; nevertheless, despite the multitude of studies that deal with encounter groups, longitudinal research in this area is very limited in the literature. The purpose of this article is to pinpoint, the contributions of an encounter group that was researched over a long period of time. The article describes the results of a four year longitudinal, qualitative study of a group of Jewish and Arab university students. Initially all of the students took part in a year-long encounter group workshop that was based on the “life story model”. We recognized that our students went through a process during the seminar and the next few years that followed it. Based on the analyses of interviews with the participants we have created a four stage model that we would like to suggest as a means for examining participants processes in the looking glass of time. We discuss the contributions as well as problematic aspects of the "life story” method and suggest recommendations and implication for future experience with this method in different contexts and groups.
The Role of Gender in Civil – Military Cooperation: A Unique Opportunity for Change
Authors: Cook Charlene , Winslow Donna
Published: July 2021

Post-conflict reconstruction provides a unique opportunity to redress the experience of women during war and capitalize on the shifting gender roles prompted by conflict to advance a more equitable female citizenship. However, most post-conflict initiatives have not incorporated a gender-based action plan, impeded by a disparate prioritization of gender by civil and military actors. In order to ensure equitable post conflict outcomes, gender representation and mainstreaming must be comparably prioritized by civil and military engagement in peace building. This paper explores Bosnia as a case study to highlight the necessary role of civil-military cooperation in gender-based peace building.
Religion and Politics: The Case of Northern Ireland
Authors: Walker Brian
Published: July 2021

This article looks at the role of religion in politics. Northern Ireland provides not only a good case study for this issue but also an opportunity to see how the subject has been approached in academic literature over the last forty years. It is argued here that religion can be a modern day, independent factor of considerable influence in politics. This has been important not only in Northern Ireland but also elsewhere in Western Europe in the twentieth century. This reality has been largely ignored until recently, partly because the situation in Northern Ireland has often been studied in a limited comparative context, and partly because of restrictive intellectual assumptions about the role of religion in politics.
Teaching in the Age of Diversity: Culture and Language Sources of Conflict and Strength in the Classroom
Authors: Georgakopoulos Alexia , Jaeckle Tina
Published: July 2021

Teachers today are frequently faced with the challenge of effective instructional approaches in the age of multiculturalism, as well as the management and resolution of potential conflicts during their interactions with students who speak English as another language. This article examines the role of variant learning styles and the potential lack of understanding between teacher and student that can lead to conflict. Conflict and social construction theories serve as theoretical foundations in this discussion and emphasize the importance of meaning, symbolism, and interpretation. The impact and differentiation between low context, high context, individualistic, and collectivistic cultures are identified as influential variables in this process. Recommendations are offered from a critical pedagogical perspective to enhance student learning. Ethnocognitivism is also explored to demonstrate that different cognitive styles exist within language use and cultural context. Implications for teacher competence, future instructional and conflict management practices are presented.
Interpreting New Labour's Political Discourse on the Northern Ireland Peace Process
Authors: Edwards Aaron
Published: July 2021

New Labour‟s superintendence of the Northern Ireland peace process has re-opened debate about the party‟s stance on the “Irish question”. While some commentators hold the view that it remains ideologically wedded to the nationalist goal of Irish unity, it could be argued that Labour‟s Northern Ireland policy has been characterised by an ambivalent non-interventionist approach. The “peace strategy” pursued by Tony Blair‟s three administrations between 1997 and 2007 is examined in light of the political discourse articulated by key actors within New Labour itself. Moreover, the interpretive approach in British political science is utilised to illuminate key variables, such as ideology and values, driving the party‟s view on sovereignty in the United Kingdom more broadly. In applying this analytical framework the article explains how New Labour‟s policy towards Northern Ireland underwent significant adaptation under Blair‟s leadership and why it finally achieved its overarching objective of consigning the violent conflict to atrophy.
Legitimizing through Language: Political Discourse Worlds in Northern Ireland after the 1998 Agreement
Authors: Filardo-Llamas Laura
Published: July 2021

This paper employs the hypothesis that one of the functions of political discourse is to legitimise a perceived point of view by promoting certain representations of a socio-political reality. It could be argued that the 1998 Good Friday (Belfast) Agreement creates a paradoxical reality in Northern Ireland because its language is so vague that it can be interpreted in different ways. This paper analyses linguistic categories used in the text of the Agreement to reveal the type of peaceful reality promoted and the constructive ambiguity used to facilitate agreement. It argues that the success of the peace process depended to a large extent on the particular nuances of discourse in and around this crucial document.