bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A model-based spectral directional approach reveals the long-term impact of COVID-19 on cardiorespiratory control and baroreflex
Authors: Cairo Beatrice , Gelpi Francesca , Bari Vlasta , Anguissola Martina , Singh Pavandeep , De Maria Beatrice , Ranucci Marco , Porta Alberto
Published: February 2025

Background

Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) patients might develop sequelae after apparent resolution of the infection. Autonomic dysfunction and baroreflex failure have been frequently reported. However, the long-term effect of COVID-19 on cardiorespiratory and cardiovascular neural controls has not been investigated with directional approaches able to open the closed-loop relationship between physiological variables.

Methods

A model-based causal spectral approach, namely causal squared coherence (CK2), was applied to the beat-to-beat variability series of heart period (HP) and systolic arterial pressure (SAP), and to the respiratory signal (RESP) acquired at rest in supine position and during active standing (STAND) in COVID-19 survivors 9 months after their hospital discharge. Patients were categorized according to their need of ventilatory support during hospitalization as individuals that had no need of continuous positive airway pressure (noCPAP, n = 27), need of continuous positive airway pressure in sub-intensive care unit (CPAP, n = 14) and need of invasive mechanical ventilation in intensive care unit (IMV, n = 8).

Results

The expected decrease of the strength of the HP-RESP dynamic interactions as well as the expected increase of the dependence of HP on SAP along baroreflex during STAND was not observed and this result held regardless of the severity of the disease, namely in noCPAP, CPAP and IMV cohorts. Regardless of the experimental condition, spectral causality markers did not vary across groups either.

Conclusions

CK2 markers, in association with an orthostatic challenge, were able to characterize the impairment of cardiorespiratory control and baroreflex in COVID-19 patients long after acute infection resolution and could be exploited to monitor the evolution of the COVID-19 patients after hospital discharge.
Hyssopus cuspidatus volatile oil: a potential treatment for steroid-resistant asthma via inhibition of neutrophil extracellular traps
Authors: Wang Xu , Peng Hui-Ming , Zhang Meng-Ru , Li Jing-Jing , Zhao Chuan-Peng , Zhang Ya-Li , Wang Si-Yu , Zhu Si-Ying , Lu Jian-Kang , Yin Hai-Long , Yin Qiang , Fang Jin-Bo
Published: February 2025

Background

Steroid-resistant asthma (SRA) is a form of asthma resistant to corticosteroid therapy, which is characterized by the presence of neutrophil-predominant inflammatory response and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation. Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss., a traditional Uyghur medicine, is known for its efficacy in treating inflammatory lung conditions such as asthma. However, the therapeutic impact and underlying mechanisms of Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss.’s volatile oil (HVO) in SRA have not been fully elucidated.

Methods

This study established an ovalbumin/lipopolysaccharide (OVA/LPS)-induced SRA mice model to evaluate the therapeutic effect of HVO on SRA. UPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS was applied to analyze the serum compositions of HVO. Network pharmacology and molecular docking were employed to uncover the complex mechanisms of HVO in treating SRA and predict potential effective compounds in HVO. Furthermore, in vivo studies in SRA mice and in vitro studies using HL-60 cells and bone marrow neutrophils were conducted to validate the mechanism.

Results

HVO could significantly ameliorate OVA/LPS-induced SRA symptoms, including airway hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation, mucus overproduction and airway remodeling. 41 prototype compounds, 65 Phase I metabolites and 50 Phase II metabolites were identified in serum-containing HVO. The integration of network pharmacology with experimental validation revealed that HVO can inhibit the formation of NETs by targeting neutrophil elastase, thereby exerting a therapeutic influence on SRA. Meanwhile, molecular docking results showed that 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy mandelonitrile, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,5,7-trimethyl-naphthalene, cis-calamenene and aristol-1(10)-en-9-yl isovalerate may be the therapeutic compounds of HVO in treating SRA.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that HVO is a promising therapeutic candidate for neutrophil-dominant SRA by targeting NETs formation.
PretoxTM: a text mining system for extracting treatment-related findings from preclinical toxicology reports
Authors: Corvi Javier , Díaz-Roussel Nicolás , Fernández José M. , Ronzano Francesco , Centeno Emilio , Accuosto Pablo , Ibrahim Celine , Asakura Shoji , Bringezu Frank , Fröhlicher Mirjam , Kreuchwig Annika , Nogami Yoko , Rih Jeong , Rodriguez-Esteban Raul , Sajot Nicolas , Wichard Joerg , Wu Heng-Yi Michael , Drew Philip , Steger-Hartmann Thomas , Valencia Alfonso , Furlong Laura I. , Capella-Gutierrez Salvador
Published: February 2025

Over the last few decades the pharmaceutical industry has generated a vast corpus of knowledge on the safety and efficacy of drugs. Much of this information is contained in toxicology reports, which summarise the results of animal studies designed to analyse the effects of the tested compound, including unintended pharmacological and toxic effects, known as treatment-related findings. Despite the potential of this knowledge, the fact that most of this relevant information is only available as unstructured text with variable degrees of digitisation has hampered its systematic access, use and exploitation. Text mining technologies have the ability to automatically extract, analyse and aggregate such information, providing valuable new insights into the drug discovery and development process. In the context of the eTRANSAFE project, we present PretoxTM (Preclinical Toxicology Text Mining), the first system specifically designed to detect, extract, organise and visualise treatment-related findings from toxicology reports. The PretoxTM tool comprises three main components: PretoxTM Corpus, PretoxTM Pipeline and PretoxTM Web App. The PretoxTM Corpus is a gold standard corpus of preclinical treatment-related findings annotated by toxicology experts. This corpus was used to develop, train and validate the PretoxTM Pipeline, which extracts treatment-related findings from preclinical study reports. The extracted information is then presented for expert visualisation and validation in the PretoxTM Web App.

Scientific Contribution

While text mining solutions have been widely used in the clinical domain to identify adverse drug reactions from various sources, no similar systems exist for identifying adverse events in animal models during preclinical testing. PretoxTM fills this gap by efficiently extracting treatment-related findings from preclinical toxicology reports. This provides a valuable resource for toxicology research, enhancing the efficiency of safety evaluations, saving time, and leading to more effective decision-making in the drug development process.
Greedy algorithms: a review and open problems
Authors: García Andrea
Published: February 2025

Greedy algorithms are a fundamental class of mathematics and computer science algorithms, defined by their iterative approach of making locally optimal decisions to approximate global optima. In this review, we focus on two greedy algorithms. First, we examine the relaxed greedy algorithm in the context of dictionaries in Hilbert spaces, analyzing the optimality of the definition of this algorithm. Next, we provide a general overview of the thresholding greedy algorithm and the Chebyshev thresholding greedy algorithm, with particular attention to their applications to bases in p-Banach spaces with

$0< p\leq 1$

0
<
p
≤
1

. In both cases, we conclude by posing several questions for future research.
Geodetic data inversion to estimate a strain-rate field by introducing sparse modeling
Authors: Nozue Yohei , Fukahata Yukitoshi
Published: February 2025

Many studies have estimated crustal deformation from observed geodetic data. So far, because most studies have applied a smoothness constraint, which includes the assumption of local uniformity of a strain-rate field, localized strain rates near fault zones have tended to be underestimated when we invert spatially sporadic GNSS data. To overcome this difficulty, we introduce sparse modeling into the estimation of a strain-rate field. Specifically, we impose a sparsity constraint as well as the smoothness constraint on strain rates as prior information, which are expressed by the L1-norm and the L2-norm of the second-order derivative of the velocity field, respectively. To investigate the validity and limitation of the proposed method, we conduct synthetic tests, in which we consider an anti-plane strain problem due to a steady slip on a buried strike-slip fault. As a result, we find: (1) regardless of the locking depth of the fault, the proposed method reproduces localized strain rates near the fault with almost equal or better accuracy than the L2 regularization method (i.e., only the smoothness constraint); (2) the advantage of the proposed method over the L2 regularization method is clearer when data coverage is worse (i.e., when fewer observation points are available); and (3) the proposed method can be applied when observation errors are small. Next, we apply the proposed method to the GNSS data across the Arima-Takatsuki fault zone, which is one of the most active strike-slip faults in Japan. As a result, the proposed method estimates about

$$1.0\times {10}^{-8}$$

1.0
×

10

-
8

/yr faster strain rates near the fault zone than the L2 regularization method, which corresponds to a 20–30% greater strain-rate concentration. The faster strain rates result in the estimation of a shallower locking depth: 11 km by the proposed method, compared to 17 km by the L2 regularization method. The former is closer to the depth of D90, 12–14 km, above which 90% of earthquakes occur.

Graphical Abstract
Regional cerebral oxygen saturation during initial mobilization of critically ill patients is associated with clinical outcomes: a prospective observational study
Authors: Imai Ryota , Abe Takafumi , Iwata Kentaro , Yamaguchi Seigo , Kitai Takeshi , Tsubaki Atsuhiro
Published: February 2025

Background

Vital signs help determine the safety of early mobilization in critically ill patients in intensive care units. However, none of these variables directly assess cerebral circulation. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) and vital signs with in-hospital death in critically ill patients.

Methods

This prospective study included critically ill patients admitted to the Uonuma Kikan Hospital Emergency Center who received physical therapy between June 2020 and December 2022. We continuously measured rSO2 during the initial mobilization using a wearable brain near-infrared spectroscopy device. With in-hospital death as the primary endpoint, the association between rSO2 and in-hospital death was assessed in Analysis 1 to determine the rSO2 cut-off value that predicts in-hospital death. In Analysis 2, patients were categorised into survival and non-survival groups to examine the temporal changes in vital signs and rSO2 associated with postural changes during mobilization.

Results

Of the 132 eligible patients, 98 were included in Analysis 1, and 70 were included in Analysis 2. Analysis 1 demonstrated that lower premobilization rSO2 was independently associated with in-hospital death (odds ratio 0.835, 95% confidence interval 0.724–0.961, p = 0.012). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified an optimal rSO2 cut-off value of 57% for predicting in-hospital death (area under the curve 0.818, sensitivity 73%, specificity 83%). Analysis 2 showed that rSO2 changes during mobilization were unrelated to changes in vital signs, suggesting rSO2 as an independent prognostic marker.

Conclusions

The results suggest that rSO2 measured during initial mobilization is associated with in-hospital death in critically ill patients.
Electroplated double-crowns on implants and teeth after up to 12 years– a retrospective clinical study
Authors: Mautsch Christoph , Klenke Jan , Kern Thomas , Wolfart Stefan , Kern Jaana-Sophia
Published: February 2025

Purpose

To retrospectively evaluate the outcome of implant-supported or combined tooth-implant-supported prostheses retained by electroplated double-crowns after 1–12 years.

Methods

Twenty-five patients were retrospectively examined in a private dental practice in Hamburg, Germany. All had been rehabilitated with a removable prosthesis retained by electroplated double-crowns, for at least one year. Fifteen patients had implant-supported prostheses and 10 had combined tooth-implant-supported prostheses in the maxilla or the mandible. Biological and technical complications were recorded at the clinical examination and extracted from the patient records. Kaplan–Meier implant and tooth survival rates were calculated. Potential risk factors for severe complications were identified. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was measured by a short version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) questionnaire. Patients reported subjective chewing function using a visual analogue scale.

Results

Kaplan–Meier survival rates were 100% for natural abutments and 90.9% for implants after 11.8 years (p = 0.54). Two implants in two patients were lost at 8 and 9 years due to peri-implantitis in the "solely implant" group. The most common complications were decementation of primary crowns and wear of the prosthetic teeth. The mean OHIP score for the group “tooth-implant-supported” was 5.2 ± 5.0, whereas the mean score for the "solely implant" group was 1.7 ± 2.9 (p = 0.039). Patients rated their subjective masticatory function very high with an average score of 9.4 ± 0.8 out of a possible 10.

Conclusions

Implant-supported or combined tooth-implant-supported prostheses retained by electroplated double-crowns are a viable method of treatment with a satisfactory outcome. Maintenance has been manageable and patients have reported very good subjective chewing function after several years of function.

Graphical Abstract
How integrated knowledge translation worked to reduce federal policy barriers to the implementation of medication abortion in Canada: a realist evaluation
Authors: Munro Sarah , Wahl Kate , Dunn Sheila , Devane Courtney , Li Linda C. , Norman Wendy V.
Published: February 2025

Background

Initial Canadian federal regulations for the abortion pill, mifepristone, had the potential to impede safe and equitable access to this medication. To catalyze evidence-based regulatory change, we engaged health policy, health system, and health services decision makers, and health professional organizations in integrated knowledge translation (iKT), a research approach that engages the users of research as equal partners.

Methods

We conducted a realist evaluation of what iKT strategies worked, for whom, and in what context to impact federal mifepristone regulations. We constructed initial program theories (if–then statements about how iKT worked). We tested the initial program theories using interviews with researchers and knowledge partners and triangulated with analysis of research programme documents. We configured the evidence in relation to the initial program theories, and refined program theories into causal explanatory configurations.

Results

We analyzed 38 interviews with researchers, health professional leaders, advocacy group leaders, and administrative government policy makers, as well as 49 program documents. Our results indicated that researcher partnerships with stakeholders had a meaningful impact on the removal of restrictions. We found key components of the causal explanatory configurations included: researcher motivation to move evidence into action, trusted reputations as credible sources of evidence, strategic partnerships, understanding of health policy processes, and researcher roles as a trusted convenor between key groups and decision makers.

Conclusions

Our study identifies several practical and transferable approaches to impactful iKT. The findings may be of relevance to researchers focused on public health topics subject to stigma.
Peripheral Nerve Stimulation and Improved Functional Outcomes in a Prosthetic User: A Case Report
Authors: Balasubramanian Anupama , Mysior Casandra R. , So Noel , Zhu Alyssa C.
Published: February 2025

Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) is an emerging option for postamputation pain. However, its impact on prosthesis use and comfort remains underexplored. This case report describes a patient whose chronic postamputation pain limited mobility, function, and prosthesis use. After failing conservative therapies, successful treatment was achieved with sciatic PNS which improved pain, prosthesis comfort, and functional outcomes as measured by the Orthotic and Prosthetic Users Survey Lower Extremity Functional Status Measure and Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility. Although surgical techniques, such as targeted muscle reinnervation, also enhance prosthetic function, PNS offers unique advantages.
Graded Walking Energetics under Cold Strain
Authors: Looney David P. , Schafer Erica A. , Chapman Christopher L. , Pryor J. Luke , Roberts Brandon M. , Stein Jesse A. , Friedl Karl E. , Potter Adam W.
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Although research supports selecting steeper routes to minimize metabolic rate (Ṁ) in mountain racers, the “steeper is cheaper” strategy has yet to be confirmed for slower, more typical graded walking speeds under cold stress.

Purpose

Confirm whether “steeper is cheaper” is true for typical graded walking speeds in individuals exposed to incremental cold stress.

Methods

Fourteen healthy, military-age adults (age, 24 ± 6 years; height, 1.72 ± 0.08 m; body mass, 72 ± 16 kg) completed four 20-min treadmill walks in three ambient temperatures (20, 10, and 0 °C) in light clothing (i.e., shorts, t-shirt, light gloves). Each walk involved five stages at incremental vertical speeds (0.00, 1.93, 3.86, 5.79, 7.79 m·min-1) but variable treadmill speeds (0.54, 0.72, 1.07 m·s-1). To verify the “steeper is cheaper” strategy, we compared Ṁ between treadmill speeds at matched vertical speeds in each temperature. We also tested if the 90% confidence interval around the mean percent paired difference between Load Carriage Decision Aid (LCDA) metabolic model predictions and measured Ṁ was within ±10%.

Results

Ṁ was significantly higher for the faster treadmill speed at matched vertical speeds in all but two comparisons at 20 °C, all but two comparisons at 10 °C, and all comparisons at 0 °C (p < 0.05). LCDA metabolic model predictions were statistically equivalent to measured Ṁ during graded walking at 20 °C (90% CI, −3.1, 0.6%) and 10 °C (−7.8, −2.6%) but not 0 °C (−16.2, −9.5%).

Conclusions

Route planners should recommend steeper but shorter routes to minimize Ṁ in individuals that walk in temperate-to-cold environments. The LCDA metabolic model provides accurate Ṁ predictions in lightly dressed individuals in temperatures down to 10 °C, but users should expect underestimated Ṁ in 0 °C or colder.
Impact of different regimen of antibiotic prophylaxis on surgical site infections in colorectal surgery
Authors: Σταυροπούλου Ελισάβετ
Published: February 2025

Σκοπός: Να συγκριθεί η ενδοφλέβια (IV) αγωγή αμοξικιλλίνης/κλαβουλανικού οξέως (A/CA) με την ενδοφλέβια αγωγή κεφουροξίμης σε συνδυασμό με μετρονιδαζόλη (C+M) για την πρόληψη λοιμώξεων του χειρουργικού πεδίου (SSI) σε ορθοκολικές επεμβάσεις. Δεδομένου ότι το αντιμικροβιακό τους φάσμα περιλαμβάνει τα περισσότερα εντεροβακτηριοειδή και αναερόβια βακτήρια, το σχήμα C+M συνιστάται συχνά ως προφύλαξη έναντι SSI στη χειρουργική του παχέος εντέρου. Το A/CA επίσης παρέχει καλή κάλυψη έναντι των εντεροβακτηριοειδών και των αναεροβίων, αλλά, σε αντίθεση με το C+M, περιλαμβάνει και τον Enterococcus faecalis, που επίσης απομονώνεται από ασθενείς με SSI και έχει συσχετιστεί με ρήξη της αναστόμωσης. Μέθοδοι: Χρησιμοποιήθηκαν δεδομένα από το ελβετικό πρόγραμμα επιτήρησης SSI για να συγκριθούν τα ποσοστά SSI μετά από χειρουργική επέμβαση ορθού-κόλου κατηγορίας II μεταξύ ασθενών που έλαβαν C+M και εκείνων που έλαβαν A/CA. Χρησιμοποιήσαμε πολυμεταβλητή λογιστική παλινδρόμηση (multivariable logistic regression) για να προσαρμόσουμε για πιθανούς συγχυτικούς παράγοντες, καθώς και Μέθοδο αντιστοίχισης τάσης βαθμολογίας (Propensity score matching) για να προσαρμόσουμε την ανισορροπία μεταξύ των ομάδων. Αποτελέσματα: Από το 2009 έως το 2018, συμπεριλήφθηκαν 27.922 ασθενείς από 127 νοσοκομεία. SSI διαγνώστηκε σε 3.132 (11,2%) ασθενείς: 278/1.835 (15,1%) σε εκείνους που έλαβαν A/CA και 2.854/26.087 (10,9%) σε εκείνους που έλαβαν C+M (p<0,001). Το crude OR για SSI στην ομάδα A/CA σε σύγκριση με την ομάδα C+M ήταν 1,45 [95% CI 1,21–1,75]. To adjusted OR ήταν 1,49 [1,24–1,78]. Αυτό το εύρημα παρέμεινε σταθερό και στο Propensity score matching σε αντιστοίχιση 1:1 1.835 ζευγών ασθενών, με OR 1,60 [1,28–2,00]. Άλλοι παράγοντες που σχετίστηκαν ανεξάρτητα με SSI ήταν: ASA >2, μεγαλύτερη διάρκεια επέμβασης, ανάγκη επανεπέμβαση για μη λοιμώδη επιπλοκή. Προστατευτικοί παράγοντες ήταν: γυναικείο φύλο, ηλικίαΠροφυλακτική χορήγηση αντιβιοτικών 60 έως 30 λεπτά πριν το χειρουργείο, προγραμματισμένη επέμβαση, λαπαροσκόπηση. Συμπεράσματα: Παρά την αντιμικροβιακή του δράση έναντι των εντεροκόκκων, το A/CA ήταν λιγότερο αποτελεσματικό από το C+M στην πρόληψη SSI, γεγονός που υποδηλώνει ότι δεν θα πρέπει να αποτελεί την πρώτη επιλογή για αντιβιοτική χημειοπροφύλαξη στις ορθοκολικές επεμβάσεις.
Perceived stress in relation to working hours and caring responsibilities: A cross-sectional study during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: van Hedel Karen , André Stéfanie C.H. , Besamusca Janna W. , van Valkengoed Irene G. M. , Yerkes Mara A.
Published: February 2025

Introduction Stress is associated with adverse physical and mental health outcomes. While work hours have been linked to health and stress outcomes, part-time work may be used to manage work and care responsibilities and thus potentially reduce stress. We examined this relationship in the Netherlands, where part-time work is very common among women, during the COVID-19 pandemic – a period when stress levels were potentially high(er). Methods Data included 1,220 men and women in the Netherlands aged 24 to 64 years from the COGIS-NL study (Wave 2, June 2020) and other modules of the Longitudinal Internet studies for the Social Sciences panel. Kitagawa-Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition analyses were used to analyse gender differences in perceived stress in relation to weekly work hours (<20 hours, short part-time; 20-34 hours, long part-time; 35 hours or more, full-time). Cross-sectional ordinary least squares regression analyses further tested these associations, and any potential mediation by perceived work-life balance, controlling for age, educational level, family situation, and employment situation. Results Gender differences in stress can be attributed to differential effects of part-time employment on men and women’s perceived stress levels. Long part-time work hours were associated with lower stress levels for women, but not for men, and it was only associated with lower stress levels for mothers with co-resident minor children and not for women without. Perceived work-life balance was independently associated with stress but did not mediate the relationship between work hours and stress. Conclusions Higher stress levels among women are likely attributable to differential effects of part-time work on men and women’s stress levels. Working fewer hours (<35) buffered perceived stress for mothers, but not for fathers or individuals without co-resident minor children. Although perceived work-life balance was associated with perceived stress, it did not influence the relationship of work hours with stress.
Do mental health professionals react to verbal aggressiveness differently if it is gender-related? An experimental study employing case-vignettes
Authors: Eiroa Orosa Dr. Francisco José , Sanchez-Moscona Cecilia
Published: February 2025

Background Gender bias in the comprehension and management of violent behaviour in mental health settings remains a contentious issue. Aims This study examines how gender-related verbal aggressiveness influences the clinical judgment and decision-making processes of mental health professionals (MHPs). Methods Four vignettes depicting confrontations between MHPs and service users were created, varying by the service user’s gender and whether verbal aggression was gender related. Within an experimental design, a total of 110 MHPs were randomly assigned to vignettes featuring a service user of the opposite gender. Participants completed assessments on clinical judgment, symptomatology, and personal beliefs. Results Gender-related verbal aggressiveness influenced clinical judgment, with male professionals demonstrating greater sensitivity to these conditions compared to their female counterparts. Female MHPs exhibited more consistent evaluations across experimental conditions. Gender-specific patterns in symptomatology assignment were observed. Conclusions These findings highlight the influence of gender role expectations and sociocultural factors on clinical judgments, which may reinforce gender biases in mental health assessments. Awareness of these biases and targeted training could enhance equitable and unbiased care.
The genome sequence of the Pacific oyster, Magallana gigas (Thunberg, 1793)
Authors: Mrowicki Rob , Uhl Rebekka ,   Marine Biological Association Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: February 2025

We present a genome assembly from an individual Magallana gigas (the Pacific oyster; Mollusca; Bivalvia; Ostreida; Ostreidae). The genome sequence is 564.0 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 10 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 18.23 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 19,775 protein-coding genes.
The genome sequence of a seed weevil, Aspidapion aeneum (Fabricius, 1775)
Authors: Barclay Maxwell V. L. , Turner Toby ,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: February 2025

We present a genome assembly from a specimen of Aspidapion aeneum (seed weevil; Arthropoda; Insecta; Coleoptera; Apionidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 1,286.20 megabases. Most of the assembly (98.78%) is scaffolded into 11 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 21.49 kilobases in length.
A History of Positional Logic
Authors: Parol Aleksander
Published: February 2025

This paper offers a comprehensive historical study of positional logic, a branch of logic that is closely intertwined with temporal and epistemic logic. Given its significance in the realm of philosophical logic, there is a notable absence of a thorough historical analysis of this subject. To address this gap, our work aims to provide a detailed examination of the most important systems of positional logic, highlighting key results in the field, and offering a comprehensive list of publications that have contributed to the development of positional logic.
Code and Data Repository for A Computational Study of the Tool Replacement Problem
Authors: Qiu Yuzhuo , Cherniavskii Mikhail , Goldengorin Boris , Pardalos Panos
Published: February 2025

This software aims to compare IGA, IGA-bit, IGA-full and KTNS algorithms for the Tool Replacement Problem. The experiments were conducted on a server running a 64-bit Windows 10 operating system, equipped with Intel(R) Core i5 CPU 2.6 GHz and 4 GB of RAM. To compare the algorithms for each of the 10 problem instances of data sets from Catanzaro et al. we generate 105 job sequences. Additionally, for each of the 5 problem instances of data sets from Mecler et al. we generate 2·105 job sequences.
Trastorno de adicción al internet asociado a la composición corporal en estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Peru en la Sierra Central de Perú.
Authors: VILLAVICENCIO MONTES Luzvid Joalyn , VASCO VARGAS María de los Ángeles , ANDRADE MOGROVEJO Aaron Daniel , HUAMAN GUADALUPE Edith Rosana
Published: February 2025

Introduccion: El trastorno de adicción al internet se ha convertido en una patología emergente con un impacto significativo en la conducta, salud física y mental  Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre el trastorno de adicción al internet y la composición corporal en estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú (UNCP). Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio analítico, observacional y transversal en estudiantes de la UNCP, entre 16 y 27 años, seleccionados mediante muestreo probabilístico aleatorio. Se evaluó la composición corporal medida a través de antropometría, y el trastorno de adicción al internet usando la Escala de Adicción al Internet (EAIL). Para evaluar la asociación, se estimaron las Razones de Prevalencia (RP) crudos y ajustados con sus respectivos intervalos de confianza al 95%.
Resultados: Se estudiaron 372 estudiantes universitarios, con un porcentaje de 66,1% de mujeres y 33,9% en varones, con una edad mediana de 20 años. Los resultados mostraron que el 52.4% presentaron trastorno de adicción al internet con respecto a la composición corporal. Se mostraron diferencias significativas en el pliegue tricipital. Además, el pliegue bicipital en mujeres fue mayor (14.93 mm ± 5.71) en comparación con los hombres (12.99 mm ± 6.47). Por otro lado, el porcentaje de grasa corporal en mujeres (27.51% ± 5.27) fue mayor al encontrado en hombres (18.47% ± 5.76). Existe relación significativa entre el trastorno de adicción al internet y la composición corporal, ya que un RP en el IMC de 5.25 significa que los jóvenes con trastorno de adicción al internet tienen una probabilidad casi cinco veces mayor de presentar bajo peso, sobrepeso y obesidad.
Conclusiones: Existe una asociación significativa entre la composición corporal con el trastorno de adicción al Internet en estudiantes universitarios de la UNCP.
Asociación entre conductas alimentarias de riesgo y variables bioquímicas-antropométricas en adultos mayores del norte de México.
Authors: Márquez Ibarra Adriana Alejandra , Valbuena Gregorio Edith , Barrera Hernández Laura Fernanda , López Mata Marco Antonio
Published: February 2025

Introducción: En México se ha incrementado el número de adultos mayores, representando el 14% de la población. Esta etapa es complicada debido al desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas que afecta a las personas de este grupo de edad. La problemática nutricional en los adultos mayores esta influenciada por diversos fatores bio-psico-sociales, así como por los cambios fisiológicos, como dificultad para masticar, reducción en la producción de saliva, disminución del olfato, entre otras. Dichas condiciones pueden provocar la aparición de Conductas Alimentarias de Riesgo (CAR) que afectan el estado nutricional de los adultos mayores. Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre CAR con variables bioquímicas y antropométricas en adultos mayores del norte de México. Materiales y métodos: se realizaron mediciones antropométricas de peso, talla, circunferencias de cintura, cuello, pantorrilla, brazo y muñeca. Se aplicó el cuestionario de conductas alimentarias para adultos mayores. También se midió la tensión arterial y variables bioquímicas: hemoglobina, glucosa, colesterol y triglicéridos. Se realizó una correlación de Spearman para determinar la asociación de CAR y variables bioquímicas, para la comparación de las dimensiones CAR y concentraciones de glucosa se aplicó la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: se encontró una correlación entre las concentraciones de glucosa y las dimensiones Comer en Respuesta a Señales Externas y Comer Restrictivo (CR). Además, se observó que para la dimensión CR, se tuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre categorías, mostrando una tendencia inversa entre la mediana de CR y la glucosa. Discusión: Los resultados evidencian una asociación significativa entre las conductas alimentarias de riesgo y las variables bioquímicas-antropométricas en adultos mayores del norte de México. Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia de abordar las problemáticas nutricionales en este grupo, dado su riesgo elevado de desarrollar complicaciones derivadas de enfermedades crónicas. Conclusiones: Las conductas alimentarias son frecuentes en adultos mayores y el CR se asocia con niveles de glucosa.
Efecto de los programas de suplementación de hierro sobre la anemia infantil en la región de Puno (Perú)
Authors: VILCA MAMANI Andrés , GARCÍA CASTRO Erika Beatriz , LIPA TUDELA Luzbeth , CALANCHO MAMANI Ernesto , CRUZ HUISA Ruth Mery
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de los programas presupuestales 0001: Programa Articulado Nutricional (PAN) y 1001: Productos Específicos para el Desarrollo Infantil Temprano (PEDIT) en la anemia infantil, mediante una evaluación integral de los productos ofrecidos por los programas y una evaluación específica de la suplementación con hierro en niños de 6 a 35 meses de edad en la región de Puno.
Materiales y métodos: El estudio es cuantitativo, con un diseño causal. Para evaluar los efectos de los programas presupuestales, se utilizó el método de cointegración de Engle-Granger y el modelo Logit. La muestra longitudinal abarca observaciones de 12 años, mientras que la muestra transversal incluye 1,934 observaciones. Los datos secundarios provienen del Portal de Transparencia del Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas y de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar (ENDES).
Resultados: La evaluación integral muestra que, en el modelo a largo plazo, la tasa de anemia infantil disminuye en 0.163 puntos porcentuales como efecto del aumento del gasto público de los Programas PAN y PEDIT, mientras que a corto plazo disminuye en 0.147 puntos porcentuales. Además, la evaluación específica de la suplementación con hierro, según el modelo Logit, muestra que la probabilidad de la anemia disminuye en un 0.3% con el consumo de suplemento ferroso en gotas, en un 0.2% con jarabe, y en un 0.1% con micronutrientes.
Conclusiones: A pesar de las intervenciones de los programas presupuestales PAN y PEDIT en el marco del Presupuesto por Resultados, la prevalencia de la anemia infantil sigue siendo alta en la región de Puno. Aunque estos programas muestran efectos positivos en la disminución de la anemia, no han sido lo suficientemente efectivos para lograr una reducción significativa. Es necesario revisar y mejorar las estrategias de implementación de los programas, así como explorar nuevas alternativas de suplementación.
Atenção a saúde do homem: prevenção, estratégias e desafios da enfermagem
Authors: Almeida Nogueira Desirée , De Oliveira Montezi do Vale Thays , Meire Carneiro Laiza , Vaz Machado Flávio , Silveira-Alves Aline
Published: February 2025

A partir do avanço da medicina foi necessario fortalecer o vinculo do homem com os serviços de saúde, atarvés de ações educativas, visando a prevenção de agravos e promoção a saúde. O objetivo desse trabalho foi: investigar a bibliografia nacional acerca da prevenção e das doenças mais acometidas pelos homens, como as ações de enfermagem direcionadas à promoção da saúde do homem e mostrar ao homem a importância da sua higiene intima. Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica através de revistas cientifica, artigos publicados entre os anos de 2007 e 2021. Diante disso, observou-se que a equipe de enfermagem exerce um trabalho importante junto à população masculina. Porém, ainda com muitos desafios na adesão dos pacientes as UBSF. Pensando em uma solução criamos o Web site, tem um guia de comunicação digital para orientar e mostrar ao homem que cuidar de sua saúde não é algo difícil e nem bicho de sete cabeças. A intenção do site e mostrar ao homem que a prevenção e o autocuidado são fatores cruciais, e com isso ele poderá ter um guia em suas mãos, pois pode ser acessado por celulares ou tabletes ou qualquer meio de comunicação digital, pois vivemos em uma era digital.
Uso de hidrolisados de Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) para avaliação como bioestimulante na germinação de semente de tomate
Authors: De Cassia de Souza Schneider Rosana , Rubert Aline , Fetter Paulo Roberto , Brittes Benitez Lisianne , Farias Neves Fabio , Medianeira Rizzetti Tiele
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial dos hidrolisados da biomassa de Arthrospira platensis na aceleração da germinação e no desenvolvimento das plântulas de tomate. Para os experimentos foi utilizado como substrato o papel germitest umedecido em água deionizada e sementes de tomate selecionadas. Inicialmente, verificou-se o embebimento da semente com os volumes de 0,5 e 1 mL de água deionizada. Após, para cada teste de germinação utilizou-se 54 sementes de tomate (n=4) embebidas com os hidrolisados ou água (controle). Um planejamento experimental foi empregado para otimizar as condições de concentração do ácido sulfúrico e tempo de hidrólise. A comparação de biomassa de 5 para 10% (m/v) foi avaliada para o desenvolvimento das plântulas e número de sementes germinadas.  Ambos os volumes de embebimento foram satisfatórios e com isso optou-se pelo uso de 0,5 mL para os ensaios com os hidrolisados. Os números de sementes germinadas obtidas pelos ensaios do planejamento experimental indicaram que as melhores condições de hidrólise ácida foram a concentração de 1% (v/v) de H2SO4 por 30 min. O aumento de biomassa de 5 para 10% (m/v) na hidrólise demonstrou ser promissora para o desenvolvimento da radícula. Dessa forma, o uso da biomassa de A. platensis mostra-se como uma alternativa adequada para a estimulação da germinação e aumento do desenvolvimento da radícula do tomate.
Mapeamento tecnológico de tecnologias para o desenvolvimento sustentável - Biocombustível e Biopolímeros
Authors: Santos de Carvalho Gustavo Henrique , Barreto da Silva Joyce , Angeli Renata
Published: February 2025

O desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias para biocombustíveis e biopolímeros envolvem tecnologias de ponta, como a biotecnologia, nanotecnologia e tecnologia da informação que estão entre os principais projetos de interação universidade-empresa. Estudos prospectivos são poderosos auxiliares do planejamento e do gerenciamento de incerteza. Porém, a efetividade do trabalho de prospecção está intrinsecamente ligada a um desenho metodológico adequado. O objetivo geral do projeto foi fazer o mapeamento tecnológico para o desenvolvimento de tecnologias relacionadas a biocombustíveis e biopolímeros através da prospecção em bancos de patentes com a identificação dos atores presentes na rede tecnológica, especialmente no setor produtivo. Elaborou-se duas tabelas de escopo, a de biopolímeros com 6 palavras-chave e 10 estratégias diferentes, sendo selecionada a estratégia #2 utilizando as palavras BIOPOLYMER AND BIODEGRADABLE com 766 patentes encontradas. Para a elaboração da tabela de escopo dos biocombustíveis utilizou-se 5 palavras-chave e duas classificações, a estratégia selecionada foi #10 com as palavras BIOFUEL AND BIOMASS AND Y02E50 AND C10L1 com 219 patentes encontradas. Sendo assim, com o software Excel elaborou-se gráficos tendo como base as informações obtidas através das patentes encontradas, com isso, elaborou-se gráficos para os seguintes tópicos Patente VS Artigo, Países Depositantes, Principais Aplicantes, Aplicantes e Classificação Internacional.
A razão metonímica e suas lógicas da não-existência na marginalização que permeia o semiárido brasileiro
Authors: Ramos Da Costa Daniel , Costa Silva Carlos Leandro , Rozendo de Souza Cimone
Published: February 2025

A construção de uma sociedade global e moderna é influenciada por um discurso cosmopolita ocidental, que esconde a colonialidade europeia. Esse discurso regionalmente condicionado leva a uma convergência ideológica que cria uma interpretação uniforme dos objetos analisados. Com base na percepção da paisagem e na compreensão da razão metonímica e suas lógicas, o objetivo é identificar os elementos da paisagem que marginalizam o semiárido nordestino brasileiro e discutir alternativas educacionais para combater essa interpretação. Com o intuito de proporcionar uma prática visualização dos elementos da paisagem comuns entre as matérias televisivas, criou-se, a partir da descrição dos primeiros dez minutos de cada reportagem, uma nuvem de similaridade de palavras a partir do software de análise textual IRaMuTeQ 0.7 alpha 2 (Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires). As reportagens analisadas apontam o distanciamento e marginalização da região semiárida nordestina em relação às demais regiões do Brasil, ressaltando a seca como fator de inferiorização. Destaca-se a importância da educação política e ambiental para enfatizar a convivência com o semiárido e promover qualidade de vida, além de apresentar seus aspectos positivos.
Relato do trabalho sobre ensino de Física com aplicações em engenharia de segurança do trabalho
Authors: Cerqueira Ângelo , Monteiro Ferreira Douglas Gustavo , Souza da Silva Raphael , Ohana de Castro da Costa Estefany
Published: February 2025

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido em um projeto de ensino de física onde o foco é relacionar os conceitos físicos com aplicações práticas na área de engenharia. A área da engenharia abordada é a engenharia de segurança no trabalho. A importância desta relação é mostrar aos alunos que os conceitos físicos são usados para dimensionamento de EPI’s e minimização ou eliminação de exposição aos riscos físicos. Assim, ao apresentar esta relação ao aluno pode-se proporcionar uma conexão direta entre a disciplina e aplicações cotidianas no meio profissional. Neste trabalho foram abordados três aplicações: risco elétrico, risco mecânico e risco por radiação ionizante. Os estudos feitos neste projeto são usados com exposição de exemplos de aplicações nas aulas de física teórica, uma forma de tornar o ensino de física mais prático e com conexão com as disciplinas de específicas de engenharia. A expectativa é prender a atenção do aluno e facilitar a aprendizagem da física ao conectá-lo com a prática.
Phenotypic plasticity and spatial distribution of Simulium pertinax larvae from the Tijuca National Park
Authors: Ribeiro Pinto Marlon José , Alves da Silva Agatha , Alves Victer Barbara , Cavalcanti Pinto Lopes Milena , Miranda Souza Martins Tainá Maria , Figueiró Ronaldo
Published: February 2025

Black fly larvae are filter feeding organisms that inhabit lotic systems and are considered key-organisms for their role as trophic link converting Fine Particles Organic Matter (FPOM) into Compact Particles Organic Matter (CPOM) making it available to a broader range of microorganisms. Literature suggests that black fly larvae may present phenotypic plasticity due to a wide range of physical factors such as water velocity, as well as food availability. The present study investigates the variation of morphological characteristics of Simulium pertinax larvae among different microhabitats in the Tijuca National Park, finding significant correlations among proleg length, anal disk and cephalic capsule sizes and the water velocity.
Desenvolvimento de atividades didáticas para ensino de ciências na formação de professores
Authors: Vale Mariana , Pinna Amanda , Silva Ana Beatriz , Zavarise Anna , Docile Tatiana
Published: February 2025

O estágio supervisionado iniciou em 1946 e continuou a se desenvolver até chegarmos em 2008 e ser definido como “o estágio como o ato educativo escolar supervisionado, desenvolvido no ambiente de trabalho, que visa à preparação para o trabalho produtivo do estudante” (GOV, 2008), pela lei n 11.788 de 25 de setembro.  Na formação de professores de Ciências Biológicas na Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) há a exigência do cumprimento de 6 estágios obrigatórios, que incluem observações, realizações de atividades e regências. O presente relato de experiência refere-se ao Estágio Supervisionado II, de responsabilidade do Colégio de Aplicação da UERJ (CAp - UERJ), realizado com os alunos do ensino fundamental II. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever as atividades didáticas para ensino de ciências que os licenciandos realizaram durante a disciplina, no semestre de 2024.1. Além de analisar os desafios e aprendizados dessas práticas na formação de professores, e a relevância da disciplina de Estágio Supervisionado II para o ensino-aprendizado do aluno-mestre.
Políticas públicas ambientais como disciplina e reflexos na gestão pública
Authors: José da Rocha Lopes Francisco , Figueiró Ronaldo , Sousa Nascimento Milena
Published: February 2025

O presente trabalho propõe-se a analisar as matrizes curriculares e as ementas dos cursos oferecidos pelas principais instituições de ensino médio técnico e graduação na área ambiental na região do Médio Paraíba no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Temos por objetivo investigar se os discentes em sua formação têm acesso a um ensino sobre as políticas públicas ambientais para que sejam capacitados a atuarem na criação, implantação e na avaliação de políticas públicas na região. Para tanto, foram analisadas as ementas das principais instituições de ensino médio e superior as quais oferecem cursos na área do meio ambiente, disponíveis online na região citada. Foi realizada também uma análise dos resultados do Índice de Efetividade da Gestão Municipal elaborado pelo Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro que indica boas práticas na gestão ambiental nos municípios. Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem a necessidade de uma mudança nas ementas das instituições de ensino, a qual potencialmente propiciaria aos estudantes uma capacitação adequada para atuar na solução de problemas ambientais de forma mais eficaz, com prioridade na busca da sustentabilidade.
Hematopoese e o Sangue: uma análise sobre o emprego de um jogo como estratégia didática no Ensino Fundamental II
Authors: Dos Santos Oliveira Marcelly , Inocencio Matos Guilherme , De Paula Ayres da Silva Jackline
Published: February 2025

O interesse, a memória e a criatividade podem ser estimulados no processo de aprendizagem por meio de atividades práticas e inovadoras, tornando o ensino mais dinâmico e envolvente. Este trabalho tem como objetivo contribuir para o aprendizado de ciências biológicas e engajar os alunos por meio de uma estratégia didática diferenciada da tradicional: um jogo inspirado no "Perfil", onde os jogadores recebem dicas para identificar personagens. O objetivo é despertar nos estudantes o entusiasmo pelo aprendizado e incentivá-los a discutir os conteúdos propostos. Após uma breve aula sobre o sistema sanguíneo, o jogo foi aplicado a alunos do 9º ano do ensino fundamental (EJA 5B), com a observação do comportamento e do engajamento dos participantes. A intenção era avaliar a eficácia do jogo como uma alternativa para o ensino de conteúdos considerados desafiadores, promovendo a participação e cooperação. Na aula seguinte foi aplicado um questionário para avaliação do conteúdo aprendido e uma entrevista aos alunos. Os resultados foram positivos, indicando que o jogo pode ser uma ferramenta pedagógica eficaz, facilitando a compreensão dos conteúdos e estimulando a interação e a colaboração entre os alunos, além de contribuir para a articulação curricular de forma significativa.