bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Glutathione peroxidase 3 (extracellular isoform) levels and functional polymorphisms in fertile and infertile men
Authors: Pournasir Milad , Ghorbian Saied , Ghasemnejad Tohid , Fattahi Amir , Nouri Mohammad
Published: April 2021

Background

Oxidative stress has an undeniable role in the impairment of sperm function and idiopathic male infertility. On the other hand, the local antioxidant system particularly glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3) as an extracellular enzyme protects male fertility from oxidative damages. Therefore, in the current study, we evaluated the association between two functional polymorphisms of the GPX3 gene with its levels in seminal fluid and subsequently with the risk of male infertility.

Result

We recruited 100 fertile and 100 infertile men for the study. Our results showed that the concentration of GPX3 was higher in the fertile group than infertile patients (p= <0.01), and there were positive correlations between GPX3 concentration in seminal fluid with sperm motility and morphology. The frequency of rs8177404 and rs3828599 genotypes and alleles was significantly different between the groups and we found that having the rs8177404 polymorphism (TC and CC genotypes) could increase the risk of idiopathic infertility more than 2-fold. On the other hand, the GG genotype (rs3828599) showed a protective effect against infertility. Our results demonstrated that men carrying CC genotype of rs8177404 polymorphism had significantly lower progressively motile sperm and higher immotile sperm compared with subjects carrying TT and TC genotypes. In the rs3828599 polymorphism, the GG carriers had significantly higher progressively motile and lower immotile sperm than AA carriers. Furthermore, men with genotypes of CC (rs8177404) and GG (rs3828599) had significantly lower and higher levels of GPX3 in the seminal fluid, respectively.

Conclusion

In conclusion, our results showed associations between sperm parameters with GPX3 levels and the gene polymorphisms. It seems rs8177404 and rs3828599 polymorphisms can affect GPX3 levels in seminal fluid and subsequently sperm parameters.
How Did a Multi-Institutional Trial Show Feasibility of Electronic Data Capture in Older Patients With Cancer? Results From a Multi-Institutional Qualitative Study (Alliance A171902)
Authors: Martin Nichole A. , Harlos Elizabeth S. , Cook Kathryn D. , O'Connor Jennifer M. , Dodge Andrew , Guerard Emily , Lafky Jacqueline M. , Jatoi Aminah , Le-Rademacher Jennifer G.
Published: April 2021

PURPOSE

New technology might pose problems for older patients with cancer. This study sought to understand how a trial in older patients with cancer (Alliance A171603) was successful in capturing electronic patient-reported data.

METHODS

Study personnel were invited via e-mail to participate in semistructured phone interviews, which were audio-recorded and qualitatively analyzed.

RESULTS

Twenty-four study personnel from the 10 sites were interviewed; three themes emerged. The first was that successful patient-reported electronic data capture shifted work toward patients and toward study personnel at the beginning of the study. One interviewee explained, “I mean it kind of lost all advantages…by being extremely laborious.” Study personnel described how they ensured electronic devices were charged, wireless internet access was up and running, and login codes were available. The second theme was related to the first and dealt with data filtering. Study personnel described high involvement in data gathering; for example, one interviewee described, “I answered on the iPad, whatever they said. They didn't even want to use it at all.” A third theme dealt with advantages of electronic data entry, such as prompt data availability at study completion. Surprisingly, some remarks described how electronic devices brought people together, “Some of the patients, you know, it just gave them a chance to kinda talk about, you know, what was going on.”

CONCLUSION

High rates of capture of patient-reported electronic data were viewed favorably but occurred in exchange for increased effort from patients and study personnel and in exchange for data that were not always patient-reported in the strictest sense.
ROCK2 Inhibition With Belumosudil (KD025) for the Treatment of Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Authors: Jagasia Madan , Lazaryan Aleksandr , Bachier Carlos R. , Salhotra Amandeep , Weisdorf Daniel J. , Zoghi Behyar , Essell James , Green Laurie , Schueller Olivier , Patel Jeegar , Zanin-Zhorov Alexandra , Weiss Jonathan M. , Yang Zhongming , Eiznhamer David , Aggarwal Sanjay K. , Blazar Bruce R. , Lee Stephanie J.
Published: April 2021

PURPOSE

The rho-associated coiled-coil–containing protein kinase-2 (ROCK2) signaling pathway regulates the Th17/regulatory T cells balance and controls profibrotic pathways. Selective ROCK2 inhibition with belumosudil (KD025) may offer a novel approach to the management of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD).

PATIENTS AND METHODS

A phase IIa, open-label, dose-finding study of belumosudil enrolled 54 patients with cGVHD who had received one to three prior lines of therapy (LOTs). The primary end point was overall response rate (ORR).

RESULTS

The median time from cGVHD diagnosis to enrollment was 20 months. Seventy-eight percent of patients had severe cGVHD, 50% had ≥ 4 organs involved, 73% had cGVHD refractory to their last LOT, and 50% had received ≥ 3 prior LOTs. With an overall median follow-up of 29 months, the ORR (95% CI) with belumosudil 200 mg once daily, 200 mg twice daily, and 400 mg once daily was 65% (38% to 86%), 69% (41% to 89%), and 62% (38% to 82%), respectively. Responses were clinically meaningful, with a median duration of response of 35 weeks, and were associated with quality-of-life improvements and corticosteroid (CS) dose reductions. CS treatment was discontinued in 19% of patients. The failure-free survival rate was 76% (62% to 85%) and 47% (33% to 60%) at 6 and 12 months, respectively. The 2-year overall survival rate was 82% (69% to 90%). Belumosudil was well-tolerated, with low rates of cytopenia. There were no unexpected adverse events and no apparent increased risk of infection, including cytomegalovirus infection and reactivation.

CONCLUSION

Belumosudil treatment resulted in a high ORR and overall survival rate and demonstrated quality-of-life improvements, CS dose reductions, and limited toxicity. Data from the study indicated that belumosudil may prove to be an effective therapy for patients with treatment-refractory cGVHD.
Teaching Critical Appraisal Through the Lens of Study Design in Journal Club
Authors: Hendrickson Chase D
Published: April 2021

Training in endocrinology presents a major challenge: How to both develop a fellow’s medical knowledge and teach that fellow to independently increase that fund of knowledge as a future endocrinologist. Journal clubs hold a traditional role in teaching the most recent modern advances in medicine but frequently struggle to provide trainees with the skills needed to assess the quality of current literature. Using journal clubs to instill the skills needed for critical appraisal overcomes this difficulty and substantially enhances the value of journal clubs to trainees. Here, our journal club is reviewed, in which we teach critical appraisal by focusing on understanding study design as the key to assessing an article’s strengths and weaknesses. This journal club starts the year by reviewing study designs in a structured sequence, with sessions built to foster group participation and involvement of both fellows and faculty. Later, fellows put this learning into practice as they independently assess articles alongside their faculty. Generalizing this practice allows for implementation in other programs, including even those without faculty with a background in research methodology.
Exercise is a Life-Changer for Those with Autism
Authors: Geslak David S. , Boudreaux Benjamin D.
Published: April 2021

Apply It!

• Make a profound impact. Because of limited resources, most school systems are leaving those with autism wandering and wondering in physical education classes. This is a squandered opportunity because autism parents have rated exercise as the no. 1 treatment as it has been shown to extend beyond the health-related benefits. Those with autism need to be able to access fitness centers and trainers to benefit from exercise programming.

• Understanding autism and exercise. Teaching exercise to those with autism is 75% understanding autism and 25% understanding exercise. This community learns differently and to create successful exercise programs requires embedding evidence-based teaching practices, structured routines, and setting individualized goals. The goal may simply start with just being in the facility for 30 minutes.
Effectiveness of a physical activity intervention program using peer support among sedentary women in Thiruvananthapuram City, India: results of a non-randomized quasi experimental study
Authors: Mathews Elezebeth , Sauzet Odile , Thankappan Kavumpurathu Raman
Published: April 2021

Background: Interventions to promote physical activity are very limited in India. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness and sustainability of a peer support based physical activity (PA) intervention targeting sedentary women in Thiruvananthapuram City, India.

Methods: We used a non-randomized quasi-experimental study design with a comparison group. Using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) classifications, 401 sedentary women aged 18-64 years were selected by multistage cluster sampling and enrolled into the intervention (n=200) and control (n=201) arms. For the intervention arm, a culturally relevant intervention was delivered to the community stakeholders, participants and peer leaders at three subsequent intensities: intense (three months), less intense (three months) and no intervention (six months). The intervention consisted of a non-communicable disease (NCD) risk assessment, educational workshop, group counselling sessions, goal setting, handbook and peer support. The control participants received printed information on NCDs and their risk factors. PA assessments and anthropometric measurements were made at baseline, 4th, 7th and 13th months. Mixed model analysis was done to assess the difference in PA levels between groups at various time points.

Results: The proportion of women who were physically active (≥600 MET minutes per week) was significantly higher in the intervention arm compared to the control arm at 4th (58.5 % vs 10%, p= 0.001), 7th (48.5% vs 6%, p= 0.001)) and 13th  month (29.6 % vs 0.6%, p =0.001), respectively. Improvements from baseline PA expended by the intervention arm compared to the control arm in MET-min / week were 990, 575, and 466 at 4th, 7th and 13th months, respectively.

Conclusions: A PA intervention using peer support was found to be effective among women in India. Improvements in PA in the intervention arm decreased over time particularly after the no-intervention phase indicating the need for integrating it with community organizations.
Organizational Citizenship Behaviours - Antecedents, Outcomes & Paradoxes: A Literature Review
Authors: Verghese Aniisu
Published: April 2021

Organizational Citizenship Behaviours(OCBs) have asignificant impact on how employees go over and beyondat the workplace and form a competitive edge for theirfirms. Grounded in industrial-organizational psychology,OCBs provide insights for leaders and managers to alignand engage staff to improve organizational effectiveness.While a lot of studies have focused on the benefits ofcitizenship behaviours, there are paradoxes which needmore attention. This paper reviews the literature onOCBs, the antecedents, outcomes and paradoxes whenexcessive OCBs can come in the way of organizationalsuccess.
Business Research in the VUCA World
Authors: Raja Anand Shankar
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this issue is to invite articles on the VUCA theme (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity), relevant to various crises. For example, the COVID-19 health crisis across the globe has affected many occupations leaving a double folded impact. VUCA is an opportunity for a few business organizations to realize their worthiness and an opportunity to revive their strategies to sustain themselves. VUCA is also an opportunity for business leaders to examine their abilities and leadership skills. Unpredictable environments give rise to more opportunities. Leadership skills can be mastered in the VUCA environment, as managers get ready to restructure and rethink the way of conducting business. This issue has accepted six articles from various fields of studies, which include Leadership, Entrepreneurship, Human Resource Management, Marketing, Consumer Behaviour, and Services Marketing. All the articles underwent a sequence of the review process and then were finalized for publication. This issue is rich in new ideas and gives opportunities for readers to access new information. All the articles have also contributed to a larger social impact, contributing to various stakeholders.
The Influence of Customer Care Service Management on the Performance of the Shops and Clothes Businesses in Bukoba Municipality in Tanzania
Authors: Rwehika Irene , Magali Joseph
Published: April 2021

This paper assessed the effects of customer care service management on business performance for the shop and clothes business owners in Bukoba municipality, Tanzania. Specifically, the paper assessed the effects of selling quality products, complaints management and positive impression on business performance. The study targeted a total population of 110 shop sellers and 850 customers. The systematic random sampling technique and sampling formula were used to select a sample size of 70 participants. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings indicate that on average, shop sellers were selling products of the desired quality and this contributed to business performance. The findings further indicated that the positive impression was managed as required. However, the findings indicate that the impaired products replacement service was missing, the management for complaints was not sufficient, and shop sellers were busy and attended calls while serving customers. This, therefore, reduced business performance. This paper recommends that the business owners should accept replacing the impaired products, strive to make sure that all complaints are handled appropriately and timely and should refrain from being busy and attending calls when serving customers.
Leading in a VUCA World
Authors: Ramakrishnan R
Published: April 2021

The current COVID-19 virus has put the entire world in lockdown, creating one of the worst times of a VUCA world. The changes that are happening because of the pandemic are large scale and occur suddenly. There is a shortage of leadership everywhere. Leaders are unprepared to lead effectively. In this fast-changing and disruptive environment, command and control structures fail. Leaders are expected to act on incomplete or insufficient information. They do not know where to start to drive change as increased complexity makes it difficult. Leaders lack time to reflect and end up acting too quickly or acting too late as they get stuck in analysis paralysis. They are far removed from the source and are forced to act with a limited understanding of events and their meanings. The role and type of leadership are being tested as we are trying to come out of this crisis. Leaders cannot predict the future but need to make sense of it in order to thrive. This paper would analyse challenges that are being faced by leaders in this critical period and how these can be converted into opportunities like a vaccine for the virus.
Uncertainty in Consumer Behaviour with Reference to Factors Influencing Consumer Purchase Decision of Smartphones in the City of Bengaluru
Authors: Reddy Arpitha S , Soni Badal
Published: April 2021

This article attempts to investigate and understand the factors that influence the purchase decision towards smartphones in Bangalore. Bangalore is a cosmopolitan and multilingual city with a mixed culture. It is also a famous city in India with the IT sector and educational institutions, which has grown in the recent past. The shopping pattern in Bangalore is found to be very interesting when compared to other south Indian cities because the spending pattern of people in Bangaloreprovokes the consumers to purchase. A survey was conducted to determine the factors influencing smartphone purchase. A simple random sampling technique has been used with a sample size of 190. Factor analysis was run to reduce the dimensions and find the aptest variables influencing the consumer purchase decision. From the analysis, the researchers have derived five iterations which are price and in-built features(Component 1), camera, battery backup and sound quality(Component 2), marketing strategy and social groups(Component 3), brand image and origin of the company (Component 4), EMI and replacement option(Component 5). This study will help the marketers in understanding the expectation of the consumer’s from the product and figure out the areas of improvement in smartphone features and other factors influencing the purchase so that they can tailor make the product as per customer requirement and understand the most crucial factor contributing to the sale. Uncertainty is to be understood by the marketers, as drastic changes in needs, wants, desire, and expectations are needed.
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ МАНИОКА МЕТОДАМИ КОМПЬЮТЕРНОГО ЗРЕНИЯ
Authors: Tereshchenko Sergei N. , Perov Artem A. , Osipov Alexander L.
Published: April 2021

Цель. Разработка модели сверточной нейронной сети для определения заболеваний маниока по фотографии с мобильного телефона.
Методы и материалы исследования. Материалом для исследований послужили размеченные изображения с различными видами заболеваний маниока, опубликованные в открытом доступе платформы Kaggle. Методы исследования: теория проектирования и разработки информационных систем, программирования, методы аугментации и расширения датасетов для задач компьютерного зрения, методы настройки гиперпараметров обучения моделей нейронной сети.
Результаты. Маниок съедобный – одна из ключевых культур для сельского хозяйства многих регионов мира. Одной из главных причин плохой урожайности является различного вида заболевания. Для профилактики и раннего предупреждения распространения заболевания растений необходим инструмент в виде модели нейронной сети, позволяющей определить наличия заболевания по фотографии со смартфона. В работе использовались методы глубинного обучения сверточных нейронных сетей, а также концепция «transfer learning». На базе сети ResNet 50 была обучена нейронная сеть, позволяющая с точностью 0,93 по метрике F1-score определять наличие заболевания у растения маниок съедобный по изображению.
Заключение. Был подготовлен набор данных изображений маниоки, включающий пять классов, для эффективной классификации нейронной сетью. Четыре класса с признаками определенных заболеваний листьев маниоки и один класс для здоровых растений. Была построена и обучена модель для решения задачи классификации по обнаружению болезни листьев маниоки по изображениям со смартфона.
ЛАНДШАФТНО-ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ ПОДХОД К ОЦЕНКЕ СОСТОЯНИЯ НАСАЖДЕНИЙ В БАЛКЕ «ОТРАДНОЙ»
Authors: Suchkov Dmitry K. , Ruleva Olga V.
Published: April 2021

Волгоград относится к промышленным городам, где роль зеленых насаждений особенно важна для сохранения экологической ситуации и снижения пресса на экосистему города.
Целью исследования являлась оценка лесокультурных ландшафтов урбанизированных территорий с применением ландшафтно-географического подхода на основе картографирования по дистанционным данным.
Материалы и методы. Использовались цифровые крупномасштабные космоснимки Quick Bird  (М 1:4000 - 1:17000) с разрешением 0,6 м, топографические карты на город Волгоград (М 1:100000) и др. справочные материалы. Основным методом исследований послужило ландшафтно-экологическое профилирование ключевых участков. Закладка таксационных пробных площадей в насаждениях проводилась на основании общепринятых методик по лесной таксации и агролесомелиоративному устройству.
Результаты исследования описывают данные экспликации земель на 2 ключевых участках, расположенных в Кировском районе Волгограда и основные морфологические признаки древостоя: № 1 в 200-250м к югу от поселка Горная Поляна. Общая площадь участка - 412,6 га. облесенность территории ключевого участка составляет 74,9%. Ключевой участок № 2 расположен к югу от балки Отрадная, на межбалочном водоразделе балок Отрадная и Капустная. Общая площадь участка составляет 304,1 га. облесенность ключевого участка № 2 составляет 54,3%.
Заключение. Практически весь плакор на ключевом участке № 1 занят массивом из сосны обыкновенной (Pinus sylvestris L.) и робинии псевдоакации (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), именно им обусловлен высокий показатель лесистости плакорного яруса. Высокая лесистость гидрографической сети (84 %) обусловлена естественным древесным массивом, сохранившимся в балке Отрадной. На ключевом участке № 2 показатели лесистости во всех ландшафтных полосах не превышают 70%.
Speculation, Sentiment, and Interest Rates
Authors: Buraschi Andrea , Whelan Paul
Published: April 2021

We compare the implications of speculation versus hedging channels for bond markets in heterogeneous agents’ economies. Treasuries command a significant risk premium when optimistic agents speculate by leveraging their positions using bonds. Disagreement drives a wedge between marginal agent versus econometrician beliefs (sentiment). When speculative demands dominate, the interaction between belief heterogeneity and sentiment helps rationalize several puzzling characteristics of Treasury markets. Empirically, we test model predictions and find that larger disagreement (i) lowers the risk-free rate, (ii) raises the slope of the yield curve, and (iii) with positive sentiment increases bond risk premia and makes its dynamics countercyclical.

This paper was accepted by Karl Diether, finance.
A produção de texto para ingressar no ensino superior: os desafios da docência perante uma escrita protocolar
Authors: Cardoso Sílvia Galesso , Machado Adriana Marcondes , Rego Teresa Cristina
Published: April 2021

O percurso escolar, da educação básica à superior, está submetido à escrita protocolar que se apoia no senso comum e se afasta de uma prática autoral. Quais ações poderiam provocar rachaduras no uso preponderante dessa escrita protocolar? Este artigo se baseia na investigação de um projeto de doutorado sobre o ensino e a aprendizagem de produção de texto, com estudantes pertencentes a famílias economicamente privilegiadas que se preparavam para concorrer a uma vaga na universidade, em encontros-aula nos quais se pretendeu promover uma escrita singular e em contato com a experiência do escritor. Com o objetivo de analisar os procedimentos desenvolvidos no esforço de romper formas de pensar e escrever submetidas a uma lógica generalizante e normativa, utilizamos registros que foram organizados sobre os percursos com diferentes alunos, apresentamos o contexto em que os encontros-aula se deram, expomos algumas formas de agir em relação a desafios que se formalizaram nessa prática e tecemos algumas reflexões que esse trabalho possibilita em relação à escrita no ambiente acadêmico.
Tecendo o coletivo: relatos de um contágio político e poético
Authors: Souza Alice De Marchi Pereira de , Silva Ana Gabrielle , Barbosa Isadora , Lousao Julia Reis , Mariano Laís Silva , Silva Letícia Oliveira , Canuto Lucas Santos
Published: April 2021

O artigo trata do evento “Políticas e Poéticas do Contágio: ensaios de viver entre muitxs”, assim como de suas reverberações. Organizado pelas professoras Adriana Rosa (UFF), Alice De Marchi (UERJ) e xs integrantes do estágio “Psicologia e Direitos Humanos: transversalizando práticas” – supervisionado  por esta última –, foi realizado entre outubro e novembro de 2019. O encontro foi uma aposta na encruzilhada entre Psicologia, Arte, Política e Subjetividade como dispositivo para nos aproximarmos da multiplicidade como modo de vida. Através de oficinas e rodas de conversa, tematizou a arte de criar e sustentar formas de viver outras e a política como exercício a partir da diferença. Compreendemos o encontro e o contágio como meios de invenção de si e de mundos, para juntxs ensaiarmos modos de viver entre muitxs. Aqui, narramos, através de cartas trocadas, como foi experienciar esses dois dias de evento, bem como de que forma este ainda ressoa em nós.
A acumulação primitiva continuada
Authors: Alliez Eric , Lazzarato Maurizio
Published: April 2021

(Tradução do segundo capítulo (L’accumulation primitive continuée) de Guerres et Capital.  Paris: Éditions Amsterdam, 2016.Traduzido por Carolina Sarzeda e Danichi Hausen Mizoguchi.)
Nietzsche, clínica e autogenealogia: um movimento de intercessão entre Nietzsche e o modelo clínico da modernidade
Authors: Oliveira Yan Menezes , Camargo Karina Acosta
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho intenta apontar um movimento de intercessão entre o pensamento de Friedrich Nietzsche e a atividade clínica. Tal aproximação e troca se justifica tanto em função da singular interpretação do filósofo a respeito do sofrimento e do adoecimento ao longo de sua obra, quanto de sua aproximação da atividade clínica quando este busca diagnosticar e transformar diversos aspectos considerados doentes na modernidade. Apresentou-se uma crítica genealógica da emergência dos valores do modelo clínico da modernidade, buscando identificar expressões da “vontade de verdade” em tal modelo em contraposição ao pensamento de Nietzsche. Propôs-se, então, pesquisar na obra de Nietzsche e de comentadores alguns conceitos, tais como grande razão, grande saúde, eterno retorno, transvaloração de todos os valores e autogenealogia, que corroborassem com a produção de um modelo clínico distante de preconceitos morais. Conclui-se relevante e possível indicar um movimento de intercessão entre o pensamento de Nietzsche e a atividade clínica.
SOBRE Mülberger, Annette (ed.). Los límites de la ciencia: espiritismo, hipnotismo y el estudio de los fenómenos paranormales (1850-1930)
Authors: Rosa Hugo Leonardo Rocha Silva da , Santos Marcus Vinicius do Amaral Gama , Canuto Leticia Gomes , Ribeiro André Elias Morelli , Martins Mateus Dos Santos , Lima Rafael De Souza , Vieira Yuri Pereira Antunes , Ferreira Arthur Arruda Leal , Fattore Victoria
Published: April 2021

Resenha de:MÜLBERGER, Annette (ed.). Los límites de la ciencia: espiritismo, hipnotismo y el estudio de los fenómenos paranormales (1850-1930). Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 2016.
Tools for Adjusting Research Methods and Techniques to Research Processes
Authors:   Silesian University of Technology, Dzwigol H.
Published: April 2021

The aim of the following paper is to present the tools for adjusting research methods and techniques to research processes, developed by the author hereof. In order to evaluate and select individual research methods and techniques, a group evaluation of experts was employed in the paper. The developed tool consists of five phases that allow to answer any question which a researcher (academic and practitioner) should pose to himself/herself. What is more, the application of the tool eliminates a need to diagnose research methods and techniques available in the literature, through the use of a classification pattern which corresponds to five components of the procedure phases.
Barriers before Students` Entrepreneurial Intentions and Business Initiatives – Results by Empirical Study of Bulgarian and Polish Students
Authors:   ", Hristova V. ,   St. Cyril and St. Methodius",   University of Veliko Tarnovo, Wołejsza P. ,   Maritime University of Szczecin
Published: April 2021

This article outlines the most important barriers for Bulgarian and Polish students that abandon or significantly reduce the execution of their entrepreneurial intentions and the start of new businesses. There are significant and diverse barriers in the implementation of entrepreneurial activities, but it is especially important that they are outlined for young people with a desire and intentions for entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurial activities developed by young educated people are very important for the initiating and identifying changes in the economy’s and society’s structures. An increasingly important place in this process is taken by higher education institutions, which with their adequate training can "turn" intentions into real entrepreneurial activities or completely lock people with great potential for entrepreneurship. The aim of this article is to highlight some key barriers preventing students to develop their business intentions and initiatives. They are based on a survey conducted in Bulgaria and Poland among students studying entrepreneurial subjects at the “St. Cyril and St. Methodius” University of Veliko Tarnovo and Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland. On this basis, some conclusions are outlined and recommendations are made to universities in terms of strengthening their role as external motivators for launching various entrepreneurial projects by their students.
The State of Forced Migration and the Main Problems of Internally Displaced Persons in Ukraine
Authors:   Donbass State Engineering Academy, Smyrnova I. , Chebotarova V. ,   Donbass State Engineering Academy, Kotelevets Yu. ,   Donbass State Engineering Academy, Kurbatska D. ,   Donbass State Engineering Academy
Published: April 2021

The article considers topical issues of providing social assistance to internally displaced persons. The main problems of internally displaced persons have been identified. It is noted that evaluation, collection of information and its analysis, a comprehensive system of observations identify the state of IDPs, which allows to identify the essence of proper, effective, equitable social development. The state of the normative-legal mechanism of solving the housing problem for IDPs at the national and regional levels is analyzed. Measures to improve the regulatory and legal mechanism for solving the housing problem of internally displaced persons are proposed.
Directions for Improving the System of Social Protection of the Population of Ukraine
Authors:   Donbass State Engineering Academy, Gitis T. , Lysenko M. ,   Donbass State Engineering Academy
Published: April 2021

This scientific article is devoted to the current issue of the year – the development of the social sphere and ways to improve the social protection of the Ukrainian population. The purpose of this article is to investigate the peculiarities of formation and development of the system of social protection of the population, its analysis and suggestions for improvement of the system of social protection of Ukraine. The research has revealed that an important place in the social policy of present-day Ukraine belongs to the system of social protection of the population. The extensiveness of social protection of the population depends on the social policy being reversed and, accordingly, on the volume of its financial support. Through the system of social protection are achieved certain goals of social policy, in particular the system of social protection. The main indicators of the standard of living of the population and social assistance programs, which were implemented in 2019, are reviewed. Based on the analysis of the state of social security of certain categories of people, the research identified the main directions of state regulation in the sphere of social protection of the population that require improvement. The Concept of Implementation of the State Policy on Social Protection of Population and Protection of Children's Rights. The implementation of this Concept, in our opinion, will increase the efficiency of social protection of the population due to the professional capacity of the social protection system employees, also to exercise control over the observance of legal requirements while providing social support and protection of children's rights.
Premises and Characteristics of "Contemporary Business" – the Context of Globalization, Internationalization and Threats
Authors:   University of Łódź, Glinkowska-Krauze B. , Górecki Ł. ,   Textile Institute, Chebotarova N. ,   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University
Published: April 2021

In the course of previous comprehensive theoretical, methodological and empirical research of the authors, the main purpose of which was to identify ways of internationalization of Polish and Ukrainian enterprises. It was noted that a new model of business functioning is emerging, significantly different from the traditional model, in which the phenomenon of globalization underlies the process of internationalization of economic activity. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that the problem of studying specific practices of interaction between business structures in Poland and Ukraine, paradoxically, as a whole, is given insufficient attention (both in Polish and Ukrainian economic science). This served as the inspiration for writing this study, the main goal of which is to identify the features of the modern business model on the background of identifying the differences between the traditional and the current model in the context of existing threats and to find out the main (one of the main) reasons for such differences. The introduction refers to the methodology used for this study (specific research methods are methods of unity of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction and comparative analysis, as well as methods of grouping and extrapolation). The study is the result of the authors' own empirical research and a comparative theoretical analysis based on the literature on the topic, and is a common characteristic of both models. In general terms, the main features of the modern business model and trends in the European economy are presented on the example of Poland and Ukraine. Thus, the study is aimed at identifying trends in doing business in the modern market and its characteristic features in the context of the predicted increase in the role of factors of intercultural (transcultural) interaction in business.
Improving the Management Accounting System through Strategic Budgeting in an Industrial Enterprise
Authors:   Donbass State Engineering Academy, Simakov K. , Chernyshova S. ,   Donbass State Engineering Academy
Published: April 2021

The article defines the principles of formation, development, implementation and use of management accounting at an industrial enterprise. The scheme of making managerial decisions within the concept of budgeting is given. The necessity of determining the role of budgeting in the system of management accounting of an industrial enterprise is substantiated. The relationship between the budgeting process and the strategic goals of the industrial enterprise with the help of a balanced system of indicators, which provides a comprehensive assessment of the strategic indicators of the enterprise by integrating its strategic goals and tactical capabilities. The mechanism of transformation of strategic goals of an industrial enterprise to the operational level with the help of components of a balanced system of indicators is presented. It is proved that the use of strategic budgets in the system of management accounting makes it possible to improve the quality of current and strategic planning in the enterprise, to make it an effective element of the management system.
Internet Marketing as a Modern Enterprise Communication Tool
Authors:   Donbass State Engineering Academy, Fomichenko I. , Barkova S. ,   Donbass State Engineering Academy, Dykan A. ,   Donbass State Engineering Academy, Kosik K. ,   Donbass State Engineering Academy, Kozlova K. ,   Donbass State Engineering Academy
Published: April 2021

The article identifies the need for the use of Internet marketing technologies to promote goods and services in a modern domestic enterprise. Based on the analysis, the need to improve the marketing, sales and communication policy of domestic enterprises using the Internet is substantiated. The main marketing processes that are implemented using Internet marketing technologies, which include marketing research on the Internet, marketing communications on the Internet and promotion and marketing of products over the Internet. The main types of Internet marketing at a modern enterprise are studied. Current trends in Internet marketing communications are identified. The advantages of the use of Internet technologies in the marketing activities of enterprises are substantiated, which also affect the efficiency (or empowerment) not only in marketing activities, but also in other areas of the enterprise.
Midline venous catheters as an alternative to central line catheter placement: a product evaluation
Authors: Carr Amanda , Green Jared R , Benish Erin , Lanham Richard , Kleidon Tricia , Freeney Louise , York Nicola
Published: April 2021

Midline catheters have emerged as a successful alternative to peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) and central venous catheters (CVCs) in select patients. Midline catheters allow for greater duration of access when compared with PVCs and avoid the critical complications associated with CVCs. This article describes the implementation of the Powerwand® midline at a large paediatric tertiary care facility in acute and intensive care settings, and presents illustrative cases of the catheter in use. Product evaluation was performed by a paediatric vascular access team of registered nurses and included information on patient outcomes, inserter satisfaction, patient satisfaction, and cost effectiveness.
Forgotten fathers: The impact of service reduction during Covid-19
Authors: Menzies Jen
Published: April 2021

Health service restrictions and redeployment of health visitors during the Covid-19 pandemic has left families and fathers without vital home visits and face-to-face support in pregnancy and parenting. What will be the consequences?
The role of breastfeeding in strengthening the immune system
Authors: Hancock David
Published: April 2021

Breastfeeding has proven long-term positive health benefits, but new research has uncovered the immunological mechanisms responsible for its impact on the immune system
Faunistic study on scorpions and their health impact in Bashagard County, Hormozgan Province, Southern Iran
Authors: Shahi Mehran , Jaberhashemi Seyed Aghil , Hanafi-Bojd Ahmad Ali , Akbari Morteza , Rafinejad Javad
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Shahi M, Jaberhashemi SA, Hanafi-Bojd AA, Akbari M, Rafinejad J. 2021. Faunistic study on scorpions and their health impact in Bashagard County, Hormozgan Province, Southern Iran. Nusantara Bioscience 13: 85-90. Scorpion sting is a major public health problem in tropical and subtropical countries, endangering thousands of lives annually. About 2300 scorpion sting cases including several deaths are reported from Hormozgan Province annually. This study aimed to determine the fauna of scorpions and epidemiological aspects of scorpion sting in one of the high-risk areas in this province. Scorpions were collected by diurnal searching and night catch using UV light during 2015-2016. Clinical and demographic data of scorpion sting were obtained from Hormozgan Health Center using the checklist of the Center for Disease Control (CDC) archive during the study period. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 21 software. A total of 382 scorpions comprising of 9 species belonging to Buthidae (76%) and Hemiscorpiidae (24%) families were collected and identified as Mesobuthus phillipsi, Androctonus crassicauda, Hottentotta sistanensis, Compsobuthus persicus, Hemiscorpius acanthocercus, Orthochirus farzanpayi, H. acanthocercus, and Odontobuthos sp. The most abundant species in the study area was M. phillipsi. During 2015-2016, a total of 1221 scorpion sting cases including four deaths were recorded in Bashagard County, while most of the cases occurring during summer. The climate of the eastern regions of Hormozgan Province provides a suitable habitat for one of the deadliest genera of scorpions, i.e. Hemiscorpius. This genus is the main cause of death due to scorpion sting in these regions. It is thus necessary to design appropriate programs for the prevention and treatment of scorpion sting, including health education programs for both community members and healthcare personnel.
Origins of subdiffractional contrast in optical coherence tomography
Authors: Eid Aya , Winkelmann James A. , Eshein Adam , Taflove Allen , Backman Vadim
Published: April 2021

We demonstrate that OCT images quantify subdiffractional tissue structure. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) measures stratified tissue morphology with spatial resolution limited by the temporal coherence length. Spectroscopic OCT processing, on the other hand, has enabled nanoscale sensitive analysis, presenting an unexplored question: how does subdiffractional information get folded into the OCT image and how does one best analyze to allow for unambiguous quantification of ultrastructure? We first develop an FDTD simulation to model spectral domain OCT with nanometer resolution. Using this, we validate an analytical relationship between the sample statistics through the power spectral density (PSD) of refractive index fluctuations and three measurable quantities (image mean, image variance, and spectral slope), and have found that each probes different aspects of the PSD (amplitude, integral and slope, respectively). Finally, we found that only the spectral slope, quantifying mass scaling, is monotonic with the sample autocorrelation shape.
Microwave-driven generation and group delay control of optical pulses from an ultra-dilute atomic ensemble
Authors: Saaswath J. K. , Pradosh K. N. , Adwaith K. V. , Sanders Barry C. , Bretenaker Fabien , Narayanan Andal
Published: April 2021

A cyclic atomic level scheme interacting with an optical and a microwave field is proposed for the generation and group-delay control of few-photon optical pulses. Our analysis exploits a hybrid second order-nonlinearity under conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency to generate an optical pulse. The generated pulse can be delayed or advanced through microwave intensity control of the absolute phase of the second-order-nonlinearity. Importantly, this handle on group delay of the generated pulse is number density-independent. Our scheme is thus ideally suited for the generation and control of few-photon optical pulses using ultra-dilute atomic samples. Our results will enable microscopic atomic interface systems that serve as controllable delay channels for both classical and quantum signal processing.
Transcriptome-wide investigation of stop codon readthrough in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Mangkalaphiban Kotchaphorn , He Feng , Ganesan Robin , Wu Chan , Baker Richard , Jacobson Allan
Published: April 2021

Translation of mRNA into a polypeptide is terminated when the release factor eRF1 recognizes a UAA, UAG, or UGA stop codon in the ribosomal A site and stimulates nascent peptide release. However, stop codon readthrough can occur when a near-cognate tRNA outcompetes eRF1 in decoding the stop codon, resulting in the continuation of the elongation phase of protein synthesis. At the end of a conventional mRNA coding region, readthrough allows translation into the mRNA 3’-UTR. Previous studies with reporter systems have shown that the efficiency of termination or readthrough is modulated by cis-acting elements other than stop codon identity, including two nucleotides 5’ of the stop codon, six nucleotides 3’ of the stop codon in the ribosomal mRNA channel, and stem-loop structures in the mRNA 3’-UTR. It is unknown whether these elements are important at a genome-wide level and whether other mRNA features proximal to the stop codon significantly affect termination and readthrough efficiencies in vivo. Accordingly, we carried out ribosome profiling analyses of yeast cells expressing wild-type or temperature-sensitive eRF1 and developed bioinformatics strategies to calculate readthrough efficiency, and to identify mRNA and peptide features which influence that efficiency. We found that the stop codon (nt +1 to +3), the nucleotide after it (nt +4), the codon in the P site (nt -3 to -1), and 3’-UTR length are the most influential features in the control of readthrough efficiency, while nts +5 to +9 had milder effects. Additionally, we found low readthrough genes to have shorter 3’-UTRs compared to high readthrough genes in cells with thermally inactivated eRF1, while this trend was reversed in wild-type cells. Together, our results demonstrated the general roles of known regulatory elements in genome-wide regulation and identified several new mRNA or peptide features affecting the efficiency of translation termination and readthrough.
Characteristics and sources of atmospheric pollutants in typical inland cities in arid regions of central Asia: A case study of Urumqi city
Authors: Li Zongying , Wang Yao , Xu Zhonglin , Cao Yue’e
Published: April 2021

The arid zone of central Asia secluded inland and has the typical features of the atmosphere. Human activities have had a significant impact on the air quality in this region. Urumqi is a key city in the core area of the Silk Road and an important economic center in Northwestern China. The urban environment is playing an increasingly important role in regional development. To study the characteristics and influencing factors of the main atmospheric pollutants in Urumqi, this study selected Urumqi’s daily air quality index (AQI) data and observation data of six major pollutants including fine particulate matter (PM2.5), breathable particulate matter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3_8h) from 2014 to 2018 in conjunction with meteorological data to use a backward trajectory analysis method to study the main characteristics of atmospheric pollutants and their sources in Urumqi from 2014 to 2018. The results showed that: (1) From 2014 to 2018, the annual average of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2 and CO concentrations showed a downward trend, and O3_8h concentrations first increased, then decreased, and then increased, reaching the highest value in 2018 (82.15 μg·m-3); The seasonal changes of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2 and CO concentrations were characterized by low values in summer and fall seasons and high values in winter and spring seasons. The concentration of O3_8h, however, was in the opposite trend, showing the high values in summer and fall seasons, and low values in winter and spring seasons. From 2014 to 2018, with the exception of O3_8h, the concentration changes of the other five major air pollutants were high in December, January, and February, and low in May, June, and July; the daily changes showed a “U-shaped” change during the year. The high-value areas of the "U-shaped" mode formed around the 50th day and the 350th day. (2) The high-value area of AQI was from the end of fall (November) to the beginning of the following spring (March), and the low-value area was from April to October. It showed a U-shaped change trend during the year and the value was mainly distributed between 50 and 100. (3) The concentrations of major air pollutants in Urumqi were significantly negatively correlated with precipitation, temperature, and humidity (P<0.01), and had the highest correlation coefficients with temperature. (4) Based on the above analysis results, this study analyzed two severe pollution events from late November to early December. Analysis showed that the PM2.5/PM10 ratio in two events remained at about 0.1 when the pollution occurred, but was higher before and after the pollution (up to 1.46). It was shown that the pollution was a simple sandstorm process. Backward trajectory analysis clustered the airflow trajectories reaching Urumqi into 4 categories, and the trajectories from central Asia contributed the maximum values of average PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations.