bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endometrial carcinoma in asymptomatic post-menopausal women with a thickened endometrium and its influencing factors - A cross-sectional study
Authors: Pegu Bhabani , Saranya T Sri , Murugesan Rajeswari
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:

A thickened endometrium upon trans-vaginal ultrasound in asymptomatic post-menopausal women always poses a clinical dilemma.

Objectives:

To investigate the frequency of endometrial malignancies by histopathological examination and identify the associated factors influencing the thickened endometrium in asymptomatic post-menopausal women.

Methods:

In trans-vaginal ultrasonography, we enrolled 72 asymptomatic post-menopausal women with a thickened endometrium (>5 mm). Dilatation and curettage were performed for all cases, and the specimen was sent for histopathological examination. According to the data distribution, all the continuous variables were stated as mean ± standard deviation/median (inter-quartile range), categorical variables were expressed in frequency, and percentage will be compared using the Chi-square test/Fisher exact test.

Results:

In our study, most of the women were multipara. The age of post-menopausal women ranged from 46 to 68 years, and the mean duration of menopause was 8.10. The most common histological findings were benign in 72.22% of the cases. We identified pre-malignant and malignant lesions of the endometrium in 18.05% and 9.72% of the cases, respectively. To predict the condition of the lesion, we noticed no definite cut-off value of endometrial thickness to indicate the state of the lesion. We observed that none of the patient’s characteristics showed a significant difference with a thickened endometrium.

Conclusion:

We observed an increased frequency of endometrial pathology irrespective of the presence or absence of risk factors. The result of this study is justified enough for the need of further evaluation of a thickened endometrium in asymptomatic post-menopausal women.
Attitude and hesitancy of human papillomavirus vaccine among Saudi parents
Authors: Alhusayn Khalid O. , Alkhenizan Abdullah , Abdulkarim Ahmed , Sultana Habiba , Alsulaiman Thamer , Alendijani Yaser
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is closely associated with cervical cancer. The HPV vaccine is expected to protect against two-thirds of cervical cancer cases in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives:

To determine the awareness and attitude regarding the HPV vaccine among Saudi parents attending family medicine clinics in Riyadh.

Materials and Methods:

All Saudi parents of patients of Family Medicine Pediatric Clinics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH&RC), Riyadh, were invited to participate in this study between November 2019 and May 2020. A culturally sensitive and specially designed questionnaire was administered using an interview-based model. The data collected included sociodemographic information, knowledge of HPV and its vaccine, and attitudes regarding HPV acceptance.

Results:

A total of 296 study participants completed our questionnaire on the HPV vaccine. About 70.6% of the participants were not aware of the HPV vaccine and the majority of them either did not know or did not associate HPV as an etiology for cervical cancer (38.8 and 37.8%, respectively). Only 28.6% of the participants were aware that cervical cancer can be prevented by a vaccine and 89.5% of the study participants did not receive the HPV vaccine for themselves or their children. The employee status was significantly associated with a history of receiving the HPV vaccine (χ2 (2) = 10.607, P =0.005), while age and the level of education had a statistically significant relationship with planning on having the HPV vaccine ((χ2 (9) = 51.841, P <.001) and (χ2 (12) = 23.977, P =0.02), respectively). The level of awareness of the HPV vaccine was significantly associated with a history of having the HPV vaccine; (χ2 (1) = 38.486, P <.001) as well as with planning on having the HPV vaccine (χ2 (1) = 38.486, P <.001). Moreover, the reasons for hesitancy were a statistically significant factor for unvaccinated respondents who were not planning to have the HPV vaccine (χ2 (21) = 97.689, P <.001) while it was not significantly associated with the unvaccinated respondents who were planning to have the HPV vaccine (χ2 (9) = 6.989, P =.63).

Conclusion:

Our study clearly demonstrated a poor level of awareness and attitude toward the HPV vaccine among Saudi parents. A higher level of awareness of the HPV vaccine was significantly associated with planning on having the vaccine. There is a need for effective awareness programs for better HPV-related education in order to increase the acceptance of the HPV vaccine among Saudi parents.
Frequency of skeletal dysplasia in children with short stature presenting to endocrine clinic: An observational study
Authors: Seema  , Abbas Saira , Ahsan Muhammad Nadeem , Asghar Muhammad Sohaib
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To determine the frequency of skeletal dysplasia in children with short stature presenting to the endocrine clinic of a tertiary care hospital.

Methods:

This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in the Outpatient Department of Endocrinology of National Institute of Child Health, Karachi, for 6 months of duration. A total of 200 children coming to endocrine OPD of NICH of either gender, having the age less than 14 years and height more than -2.5 SD below the mean (<3rd percentile), and growth failure (<4 cm/yr) were enrolled. A complete general physical examination including height, weight, fronto-occipital circumference (FOC), arm span, and U/L (upper/lower) segment ratio (using SI units and SDS) was performed.

Results:

Out of 200 children with short stature, skeletal dysplasia was diagnosed in 23 (11.5%) children with the mean age of 4.7 (±3.7) years. Proportion of skeletal dysplasia among short stature was high in females. Out of 75 girls, skeletal dysplasia was diagnosed in 10 (13.3%) girls, while out of 125 boys, skeletal dysplasia was diagnosed in 13 (10.4%) boys, whereas when we see proportion among skeletal dysplasia out of 23 children of skeletal dysplasia, 13 (56.5%) were boys, while 10 (43.5%) were girls.

Conclusion:

In this study, skeletal dysplasia was diagnosed in 11.5% children with short stature with the mean age of 4.7 years. It is concluded that the frequency of skeletal dysplasia in this institute is fairly high.
Utility of anthropometric measures to identify small for gestational age newborns: A study from Eastern India
Authors: Annigeri Saba , Ghosh Arindam , Hemram Sunil Kumar , Sasmal Ritayan , Mythri JP
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Small-for-gestational-age (SGA) is one of the important factors for neonatal mortality. Early identification and necessary intervention of these newborns is crucial to increase their chances of survival and reduce long-term disabilities. However, in low- and middle-income countries a large portion of pregnant women are unaware of their accurate gestational age (GA) due to the limited availability of ultrasonography. The purpose of our study was to build an alternative tool to identify SGA.

Methods:

A institutional-based, prospective observational study was conducted from August-2018 to February-2020, with 1451 live singleton-newborns of 30-40 weeks of gestation. Ultrasonography was used to evaluate accurate GA in early pregnancy and a reference chart for the Asian population, constructed by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Fetal Growth Studies was used to classify newborns as SGA. Neonatal anthropometry was measured within 48 hours of birth. Receiver operating characteristic curves were developed to identify the best cut-off point for each anthropometric parameter and the area under the curve (AUC) was estimated to assess the overall precision.

Results:

Prevalence of SGA was 34.3%. The AUC was 0.888 for head circumference (HC), 0.890 for chest circumference (CC), and 0.865 for mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). The optimal cut-offs to classify SGA were ≤32.45 cm for HC, ≤29.75 cm for CC and ≤8.55 cm for MUAC with sensitivities of 85.9%, 86.9% and 85.4%, specificities of 75.5%, 85.1% and 72.1%, positive predictive values of 0.64, 0.75 and 0.61 and negative predictive values of 0.91, 0.93 and 0.90 respectively.

Conclusion:

All three anthropometric measurements could be used to identify SGA but, overall CC is the best.
Do learning styles influence learning outcomes in anatomy in first-year medical students?
Authors: Padmalatha K , Kumar J Prathap , Shamanewadi Amritha N.
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:

Learning styles are a key element for teachers for any given learning environment. The Visual, Aural/Auditory, Reading/write, Kinesthetic (VARK) instrument is easy to administer and can have an impact on the quality of learning environment. The present study was done to understand the learning styles preferred by the students using VARK questionnaire and correlating learning styles with their academic performance.

Materials and Methods:

The study was conducted on 100 first-year MBBS students.

Students were categorized into five groups of learners:

visual, auditory, read/write, kinesthetic, and multimodal, based on their scores obtained after administering VARK questionnaire. First internal marks of theory and practicals were collected. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done in five groups of learning styles.

Results:

Out of 97, 13 were visual, 25 were auditory, 5 were read/write, 40 were kinesthetic, and 14 were multimodal type of learners. Three students were chronic absentees and were excluded from the study. The student who scored highest in theory internal assessment belonged to visual and kinesthetic type of learner, whereas who scored least was a kinesthetic learner. The student who scored highest in practical internal assessment was a multimodal learner and who scored least was a kinesthetic learner, The P value for theory was 0.773 and for practicals was 0.26, ANOVA for theory is 0.33 and for practicals is 0.057.

Conclusion:

There was no statistic difference in theory performance, however with respect to practicals, the ANOVA value was 5%. Hence, the aforementioned results may be suggestive of correlation between learning style and academic performance.
Comparison of frequency domain parameters of heart rate variability between women with polycystic ovarian disease and apparently healthy women
Authors: Tiwari Ritu , Bajpai Manish , Tiwari Sunita , Agrawal Smriti
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients shows common features like increased insulin resistance and adiposity, which have been known to correlate with sympathetic hyperactivity.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to analyze the characteristics of heart rate variability in women with PCOS. To compare frequency domain parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) between women with PCOS and apparently healthy women. To study the impact of cardiometabolic parameters such as BMI and blood pressure on frequency-domain HRV parameters.

Methods:

A total of 30 women with PCOS aged 20 to 40 years (as per Rotterdam criteria) were enrolled as cases and 30 age-matched women having normal ovulatory cycles were enrolled as controls. HRV was recorded using an electrocardiography machine (ECG) machine. The following frequency-domain parameters were assessed: Total power, Very low frequency (VLF), VLF%, Low Frequency (LF), LF%, LF nu, High frequency (HF), HF%, HF nu, LF/HF ratio, short-term variability (SD1), and long-term variability (SD2), respectively.

Results:

Mean age of cases was 28.03 ± 5.33 years. Mean BMI of PCOS women was 25.39 ± 2.69 kg/m2. A total of 18 (60%) had BMI >25 kg/m2. Cases had significantly higher BMI, waist hip ratio, and blood pressure as compared with controls. None of the controls had BMI >25 kg/m2. Majority of cases (66.7%) had systolic blood pressure/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) >130/85 mmHg as compared with only 6 (20%) of controls (P < 0.001). For different frequency domain parameters, no statistically significant difference between two groups was observed for VLF and LF. Mean VLF%, LF%, LF (nu), and LF/HF were significantly higher in cases as compared with controls. For all, the other mean value was significantly lower in cases as compared with that of controls (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

Autonomic nervous system is affected by PCOS status of women, and sympathetic hyperactivity is seen.
Cognitive dysfunction and disability in people living with schizophrenia
Authors: Srisudha B. , Kattula Dheeraj , Devika Shanmugasundaram , Rachana Arun
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:

Schizophrenia is a major mental disorder characterized by positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms. Cognitive impairment is a central and enduring feature of schizophrenia and is associated with disability. It has a devastating consequence on the individuals, families, and the society. Our aim was to assess cognitive functioning, disability, and their association with sociodemographic and illness-related variables.

Methodology:

In an outpatient department of psychiatry, 82 adult patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were recruited. Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale (SCoRS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and Indian Disability Evaluation and Assessment Scale (IDEAS) were used to assess cognitive function, psychopathology, and disability respectively. Socio-demographic and illness-related details were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using STATA version 16.0 using appropriate statistical tests.

Results:

Approximately 93.9% of patients had at least one cognitive symptom even though not severe. The status of being married was associated with better cognitive outcome. No other socio-demographic factor was associated with cognitive dysfunction. Negative symptoms and general psychopathology scores of PANSS were positively correlated with SCoRS scores and IDEAS score. Cognitive dysfunction and disability were significantly associated suggesting higher the cognitive deficit in schizophrenia greater is the likelihood of patient experiencing disability.

Conclusion:

Cognitive deficits are commonly seen in patients with schizophrenia and are associated with disability. Therefore, treatment programs of schizophrenia should have a component to address these deficits using evidence-based cognitive remediation therapies. Family Physicians caring for those with schizophrenia should factor the cognitive deficits and simplify dosage regime and engage caregivers for supervision.
Effect of doxycycline and doxycycline with carica papaya on thrombocytopenia and leucopenia in acute dengue fever patients
Authors: Pambhar Vivek , Mathur Navgeet , Mehta Amit , Mathur Medha , Kumawat Dal Chand , Mangalia Ravi , Verma Anjana , Patyal Ashish
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:

Dengue fever is a mosquito borne disease commonly manifest leucopoenia and thrombocytopenia. Dengue fever and its complications like bleeding manifestation can be life threatening. This study was conducted to study the effect of doxycycline and doxycycline with carica papaya on thrombocytopenia and leucopoenia in acute dengue fever patients.

Methods:

This case control study was conducted amongst the patients suffering from dengue fever with thrombocytopenia. Cases were dengue patients with thrombocytopenia and leucopenia both. Controls were dengue patients with thrombocytopenia with normal leukocyte count. An effect of doxycycline and doxycycline with carica papaya was observed on platelet and leukocyte counts at baseline and first, second, fourth, and seventh day in cases and comparison was done.

Results:

The maximum improvement in mean platelet count and leukocyte count was observed in doxycycline with carica papaya group followed by doxycycline alone group followed by controls (conservative treatment) in decreasing order on day 4th and 7th day of admission. Reduced hospital stay was also in the same order.

Conclusion:

The study results indicate that doxycycline and carica papaya are useful modality to improve leucopenia and thrombocytopenia in dengue patients and to minimize hospital stay.
Influencing factors of vision-threatening disease among patients with diabetes in the central region of Saudi Arabia: A case–control study
Authors: Alsolaimi Yaseer A. , Almudaymigh Mohammed S. , Al Essa Mohammed , Gramish Jawaher , Bustami Rami , Al Yami Majed S. , Vasudevan Senthilvel
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Aims:

Diabetic retinopathy is called as vision threatening disease. It affects retina very severely. DR is a common public health problem in Worldwide. Our main objective was to identify significant risk factors for diabetic retinopathy among diabetes mellitus patients.

Materials and Methods:

The present retrospective Case-Control study was conducted with 404 DM patients’ records were collected from King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Statistical analysis used:

Data were presented as descriptive statistics, multivariate logistic regression, association between variables was using odds ratio and 95% confidence interval.

Results:

Among 404 diabetes patients, 192 (47.5%) were Cases and 212 (52.5%) Controls. In multivariate regression analysis showed that male gender also had a higher likelihood in the development of DR, OR: 1. 68 [95% CI: (1.04 – 2.71); p<0.05]. Patients with poor glycaemic control, OR: 4. 86 [95% CI: (2.21-10.66); p<0.001]. Similarly, HbA1C, Low LDL was prominent risk factor in the progression of DR except age, hypocholesterolaemia, nephropathy wasn’t significant.

Conclusions:

From our study findings, male gender, tobacco habit, poor glycaemic control, and Low HDL were appeared independently associated with the development of vision-threatening disease. By regular check-up, reducing risk factors or retain their stages in the same stage or to prolong the DR incidents among DM patients.
Depression and its socio-demographic correlates among urban slum dwellers of North India: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Pawar Neeraj , Kumar Neelam , A Vikram , Sembiah Sembagamutthu , Rajawat Gaurav
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:

Depression is a common mental health disorder that is characterized by loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep or appetite, low energy, and poor concentration, insomnia or hypersomnia, and occasionally suicidal thoughts. Apart from biological factors, sociocultural factors also play a key role in development of depression

Objectives:

To determine the prevalence of depression in the study population and to study various socio-demographic correlates of depression in the study population.

Methods:

A community based cross-sectional study was carried out in an urban slum area of Rohtak city during 2016-2017. A total of 600 study participants were selected and interviewed by using PHQ-9 depression scale. The collected data were entered in MS Excel spread sheet and analysed using SPSS software version 20.0.

Results:

Mean age of the study participants was 37.91 ± 11.75 years. Almost all (97.5 %) study subjects were Hindu. Majority (52 %) belonged to General category. Overall prevalence of depression was found to be 16.2%. The distribution for factors like gender, marital status, education, occupation, socioeconomic status, type of family, living arrangement, smoking habit and death of close relatives were found to be statistically significant with depression (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that female gender, divorce/separation, illiteracy, unemployment, lower socioeconomic class nuclear family living alone, smoking habit, presence of chronic morbidity and death of close relative in past one year, as independent predictors of depression.

Conclusions:

The prevalence of depression among adults in an urban slum of north India was found to be 16.2%. Our findings indicate that depression in urban slum is significantly associated with determinants such as gender marital status, education, occupation, SE class, family type, smoking, living arrangement, death of close relative, chronic morbidities like neurological disorders, diabetes and hypertension.
Prevalence of Dental Caries and Gingivitis among children with Intellectual Disability in India
Authors: Anusha Divvi , Kengadaran Shivashankar , Prabhakar Jayashri , MuthuKrishnan Kavitha , Katuri Lakshmi Subashini , Vigneshwari S.K , Senthil M
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Down syndrome (DS) is one of the most common genetic abnormalities, with highly variable prognosis. Oral diseases such as periodontal disease, malocclusion, mouth breathing, macroglossia, delayed teeth eruption, missing and malformed teeth, microdontia, diastema, and bruxism are common among individuals with DS. Hence, a study was planned to assess the caries experience and periodontal status of subjects with DS.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 92 DS patients in two different centers in Chennai and Pondicherry to assess the prevalence of dental caries and gingivitis, using dft/DMFT and Modified Loe and Silness Gingival Index, respectively. The subjects were examined by three trained and calibrated examiners using a pre-tested and pre-validated proforma. Data were entered in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using SPSS software (version 20). Descriptive statistics were used. A value of P < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results:

The mean DMFT was low among male (1.47 ± 2.31) when compared to female (2.57 ± 4.57) which was found to be significant statistically. The gingival score was low among male (.85 ± 0.36) when compared to female (1 ± 1.00) which was found to be significant statistically. The mean dft among male and female were (.49 ± 1.37;.43 ± 1.09), respectively, which was found to be not significant statistically.

Conclusion:

Dental caries and gingival diseases are higher among children with DS. Dental caries was found both in primary dentition and permanent dentition.
Case report of recurrent bleeding in an infant with isolated prolonged prothrombin time due to congenital factor VII deficiency---a riddle solved
Authors: Ganguly Mimi , Sutradhar Saurabh , Rajbangshi Arghya , Pattnaik Amrita , Maiti Dipshikha
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Factor VII deficiency is a rare bleeding disorder showing an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. Data from our country on this particular entity is lacking. Especially the specific mutations associated with this disease are not well documented. The disease can have a wide spectrum of presentation from asymptomatic to catastrophic central nervous system or gastrointestinal system bleed. It can often present early in the neonatal period or be detected quite later in life. The genotype and phenotype correlation is also not well understood. Here, we report a case of recurrent bleeding in an infant boy who was otherwise absolutely well. His investigations had revealed isolated prolonged prothrombin time which remained uncorrected despite administration of injection vit K. Specific assay for factor VII level revealed that its value less than 1%. Sequencing of the F7 gene revealed our patient to be homozygous for mutation of promoter consensus sequence of F7 gene (-94C > T).
Resurgence of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases in patients recovered from COVID-19: An Indian perspective
Authors: Krishnakumar Bhaskaran , Christopher Johann , Prasobh P. Sunil , Godbole Shreerang , Mehrotra Anurag , Singhal Anurag , Roy Satrajit , Bhattacharya Kuntal , Kolte Narendra , Abhyankar Mahesh V. , Revankar Santosh
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:

The aim of this study was to understand the prevalence, extent, clinical approach of hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients recovered from COVID-19.

Methods:

The round table meetings (RTMs) and survey convened a diverse panel of specialists including cardiologists, endocrinologists, diabetologists, consultant physicians, and family physicians from various geographical zones of India. A standard questionnaire including 10 questions was developed pertaining to the resurgence of hypertension and CVD in patients recovered from COVID-19. The RTMs and survey were held virtually. The collected opinions and recommendations were compiled to derive a consensus document.

Results:

A total of 3066 health-care practitioners (HCPs) participated. Hypertension was the most prevalent comorbidity in patients recovered from COVID-19 followed by diabetes, dyslipidemia, and coronary artery disease. Almost two-thirds of HCPs reported that 10%–30% newly diagnosed hypertension in patients recovered from COVID-19. Uncontrolled hypertension in 10-20% of COVID-19 recovered patients opined by 45% of the HCPs. About, 35% HCPs reported CV complications in 10-20% of Covid-19 recovered patients and 63% HCPs reported exacerbations of CAD in 10-30% of patients. Majority of HCPs preferred to switch to dual combination therapy from monotherapy for hypertension management (52.0%) and ARBs and its combination is most preferred combination for hypertension control (60%). Majority of the HCPs suggested follow-up after 1-2 weeks (39.0%). Close monitoring on symptoms including chest pain and breathlessness (45.0%), adherence to medication and regular monitoring of lab parameters (25%) is recommended for these patients.

Conclusion:

Overall observations indicate an increased incidence of hypertension and CVDs post recovery from COVID-19. A dual therapy of ARBs was the preferred choice for management of hypertension. Regular follow-up and close monitoring of symptoms to prevent further CV complications in COVID-19 recovered patients is recommended.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Factors Affecting Implementation of Birth Companionship during Labor among Obstetricians, Nurses and Pregnant Women at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Lathwal Pooja , Vyas Himanshu , Singh Pratibha , Deviga T.
Published: June 2022

Context:

Birth companions are women who have experienced the process of labor and provide continuous one-to-one support to the other women who are experiencing the process of labor and childbirth.

Aim:

This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude, and factors affecting the implementation of birth companionship among obstetricians, nurses, and pregnant women.

Settings and Design:

Nonexperimental quantitative research approach with a descriptive design carried out at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan.

Materials and Methods:

Data were collected from 25 obstetricians, 15 nurses selected by consecutive sampling technique, and 120 pregnant women selected by purposive sampling technique. Data collection tool included a structured knowledge questionnaire, an attitude Likert scale, and a checklist to assess factors affecting the implementation of birth companionship.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Data were entered into a master sheet and SPSS 16 version was used for the descriptive and inferential statistical analysis.

Results:

Most of the obstetricians (60%) and pregnant women (59.2%) had fair knowledge, whereas nurses (53%) had good knowledge regarding birth companionship. Most of the obstetricians (96%), nurses (73%), and pregnant women (81.7%) had positive attitudes regarding birth companionship. Breach of privacy of other mothers, less availability of space to accommodate birth companion, and nonavailability of ideal birth companion were the most common factors reported to affect the implementation of birth companionship by the obstetricians and nurses, whereas long distance of hospital from home and apprehension due to a known person's presence were the factors reported by pregnant women. Knowledge level and attitude level of the pregnant women had a significant association with age (P = 0.000) and parity (P = 0.042), respectively.
Systemic microvascular endothelial function with arteriovenous fistula creation in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Chai Siew Cheng , Sanip Zulkefli , Ghulam Rasool Aida Hanum , Shokri Amran Ahmed , Halim Ahmad Sukari , Mat Saad Arman Zaharil , Wan Sulaiman Wan Azman
Published: June 2022

Background:

This study aimed to determine changes in microvascular endothelial function with upper arm arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation and maturation in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Materials and Methods:

This prospective cross-sectional study was performed at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, a tertiary hospital in Malaysia. Forty CKD patients (stage 4–5) who were scheduled for elective AVF creation over the upper extremity for maintenance hemodialysis were recruited using convenience sampling method. Microvascular endothelial-dependent vasodilation was measured using laser Doppler flowmetry and the process of iontophoresis preoperatively and postoperatively at weeks 2 and 6. Fistula maturation was assessed at week 6.

Results:

Thirty-two patients had successful AVF maturation. Endothelial-dependent vasodilation (acetylcholine (Ach)% was higher (246.48 [standard deviation (SD) 209.38] vs. 104.95 [SD 43.29], P = 0.001) while systolic blood pressure was lower (142.25 [SD 21.50] vs. 162.25 [SD 13.26], P = 0.017) in this group as compared to unsuccessful AVF group. No significant changes were seen in overall microvascular endothelial-dependent vasodilation during the 6-week study period (day 0, 246.48 [SD 209.38]; week 2, 201.14 [SD 198.19]; and week 6, 203.53 [SD 145.89]).

Conclusion:

Upper arm AVF creation does not affect microvascular endothelial function up to 6 weeks post operation and may not contribute to the success of AVF maturation. However, the lower microvascular endothelial-dependent vasodilation and higher systolic blood pressure in unsuccessful AVF subjects need to be further studied.
The Link between Mind-wandering and Performance in a Sustained Attention to Response Test in Adults with Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms
Authors: Gau Shur-Fen , Hwang-Gu Shoou-Lian , Lin Ying Ting , Hsu Chia-Fen , Ni Hsing-Chang
Published: June 2022

Objectives:

The symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been positively documented to be correlated with unintentional mind-wandering (MW) in the literature. In this study, we intended to explore the link between the types of MW and the attention laboratory performance in adults with ADHD symptoms.

Methods:

We recruited 24 adult patients with ADHD and 30 controls: (a) to receive a semi-structured psychiatric interview for ADHD and other diagnoses, (b) to complete questionnaires about adult ADHD symptoms and other psychiatric symptoms, (c) to receive intelligence assessment, (d) to have thought probes during a Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART), and (e) to be assessed with the MW: Spontaneous Scale (WM-S). Results:Adult patients with ADHD symptoms showed a more impulsive SART response style (increased commission errors and fast response speed) and unintentional MW. Increased unintentional MW was associated with reduced task performance. A positive association existed between MW-S scores and unintentional MW during the SART.

Conclusion:

Spontaneous MW may be significant impairment in adults with ADHD. Different measurements of MW had the associated and consistent findings measured by cognitive laboratory task with thought probe or WM-S measurement.
Engine Rotation and Cylinder Numbering
Authors:   Engine Power Test Code Committee
Published: June 2022

This SAE Standard was developed to provide a method for indicating the direction of engine rotation and numbering of engine cylinders. The document is intended for use in designing new engines to eliminate the differences which presently exist in industry.
The politics of growth models
Authors: Baccaro Lucio , Pontusson Jonas
Published: June 2022

This article develops a framework for studying the politics of growth models. These, the authors posit, are sustained by ‘growth coalitions’ based in key sectors. Their members are first and foremost firms and employer associations, but fractions of labor are also included, if their interests do not impair the model’s functionality. There is no guarantee that a growth coalition and a winning electoral coalition coincide. In normal times, a growth coalition effectively insulates itself from political competition, and mainstream political parties converge on key growth model policies. In moments of crisis, however, the coalition shrinks, favoring the emergence of challengers that fundamentally contest the status quo. The way governing parties respond to electoral pressures can also play an important role in the recalibration of growth models. The authors illustrate the argument by examining the politics of ‘export-led growth’ in Germany, ‘construction-led growth’ in Spain, and ‘balanced growth’ in Sweden.
Rejuvenation and Restoration of Surface Water Quality Amid COVID-19 Lockdown: A Comprehensive Review in Indian Context
Authors: Arora Gunjan , Sharma Tanishka , Taijas Kirti Kashyap , Pant Parul , Gupta Chetna , Sharma R. K.
Published: June 2022

Rivers are our country’s lifeline; however, we have done enough destruction to them which leads to deterioration in water quality. Fortunately, COVID-19 lockdown has brought new life to nature. This encouraged us to outline present review article which discusses pilot impacts of lockdown on six Indian rivers. Few rivers including Ganga showed major improvement at few sites in the assessed parameters such as pH, BOD, DO, FC, etc. The Ganga water at Haridwar and Rishikesh was investigated ‘fit for drinking’ (Class A) while at Kanpur was found fit for ‘outdoor bathing’ (Class B). These improvements can be attributed to strict restriction on human activities during lockdown as there were no or minimum industrial discharge, tourism activities, mass bathing and commercial events near rivers. However, after upliftment of lockdown, these activities will return to their previous state and most likely pollutants will eventually reappear in the water bodies. So, in this review we have reviewed government’s existing water pollution control schemes, analysed their limitations and recommended several scopes for improvement. Further research directions in this area have also been highlighted. We believe that plans and actions described in the article, if implemented, will lead to fruitful outcomes in managing water resources.
Autoantibody Testing in Neuromuscular Disorders
Authors: Kim Seung Woo , Shin Ha Young
Published: June 2022

Autoantibodies are present in many autoimmune disorders, including diseases impacting the peripheral nerve, neuromuscular junction, and muscle. Some of these autoantibodies play a vital role in pathogenesis, whereas others are unlikely to be directly pathogenic, but may be useful biomarkers. The identification of autoantibodies is valuable in diagnosis, as well as in establishing a treatment plan in antibody-mediated neuromuscular disorders. This review briefly summarizes antibody, autoantibody, and methods of autoantibody testing for clinicians who treat patients with neuromuscular disorders.
An Detailed Study on Nano Fluids and Its Applications in Energy Sector
Authors: Sivaji Chinnasami , Ramachandran M , Soundharaj Sowmiya
Published: June 2022

Nano liquids are primarily used as coolants for their advanced heat properties in heat exchangers such as Electronic cooling systems (Like flat plates) and radiators. Heat transfer on a flat plate has been analyzed by several researchers. The nanofluid is prepared by suspending small nanoparticles in basic Water and ethylene glycol Such as fluids with or without stabilization techniques. The average size of nanoparticles is less than 100 nm, and The nanoparticles used in nano liquids are usually. The base fluid is a Well stimulant treatment fluid used in cosmetics Continuous phase fluid. Continuous phase fluid may be added, But it is not defined as water, and whether it is liquid or hydrocarbon May be without hydrocarbon gas. Well-induced therapy More than one base fluid can be used. The atomic number can Derived from the dimensional analysis of the Fourier law, because it is equal to the dimensionless temperature gradient at the surface: q Heat transfer rate, k is the constant heat. Conductivity and T is the temperature of the liquid. Sodium benzoic sulfate (SDBS) Water is used as a surfactant in the preparation of nano liquids. Cu nanoparticles with demonized water Nano-liquid samples of three-volume fractions are prepared; the average diameter of the nanoparticles is 25 nm. Many researchers have called the validity stability of nanofluids. The scattering behavior of various non-substances in the solvent varies and depends on many factors. A complete understanding of particle-particle-particle interaction to create a stable fluid. Electronics heat management and increasing the efficiency of fluids for transfer from air to liquid cooling systems. Improving the energy efficiency of electronic systems. Improving rack density for computer systems by reducing computers to sub-1U operating systems. Improvement in Power Module Life (MTPF). A nanofluid is a liquid containing particles the size of nanometers. The Nano liquids are obtained by scattering. Non-aqueous fluid (NAF) is a water-based permeable fluid. Commonly used NAF systems are reverse emulsions based on diesel oil, mineral oil or synthetic fluid. In NAF systems, the water level is emulsified in a continuous oil phase, also known as water-in-oil emulsion or reverse emulsion. Nusselt A is the number Is the dimensionless number closest to the pocket number. Both numbers are held inside the fluid Will be converted to a liquid with thermal energy Used to describe the ratio of thermal energy.
Al encuentro de otros mundos (apuntes para una ética pluriversal)
Authors: Rabinovich Silvana
Published: June 2022

Respondiendo a la incitación a buscar otros mundos lanzada por Louis-Auguste Blanqui, el presente artículo aborda las posibilidades de una ética heterónoma en un sentido pluriversal. A partir de dicha ética se plantean ciertas potencialidades utópicas de la traducción en tanto cosmopolítica.
A mitologia como transmissão oral da educação infantil dos yanomami para sua integração social
Authors: Da Silva Neto João Paulino , Gil Pamela Alves
Published: June 2022

Como o adulto não indígena percebe a criança yanomami? O que nos propomos neste artigo é trazer elementos ao debate sobre a temática da criança indígena, desde uma análise comparativa das representações das crianças yanomami por meio de fotografias realizadas pelos religiosos na Missão Catrimani em 1993, onde indicava seu ambiente tradicional de educação familiar e suas diversas interações. Esse registro iconográfico, por meio de uma amostra de fotografias das crianças yanomami, comparadas ao registro autobiográfico de Davi Kopenawa, com suas lembranças de infância, no final de 1950 e início de 1960, permitiu-nos uma abordagem do contexto ambiental em que essas crianças estão inseridas, ao mesmo tempo observar suas interações com os adultos e o ambiente, com ênfase nos aspectos simbólicos, culturais e emocionais. Trata-se de uma metodologia triangular, documental, fotográfica e bibliográfica. Como resultados apontados, observou-se que o contraste de duas narrativas baseadas em suportes diferentes: a narrativa visual, fotográfica, e a narrativa escrita, literária (documental autobiográfica), demonstra a persistência, através da história de contato dos Yanomami, da mitologia oral na identidade cultural dessas pessoas, no final do século XX.
AKILLI MALİYE POLİTİKASI VE TÜRKİYE DEĞERLENDİRMESİ
Authors: TARIM Nurbanu , TUNCER Güner
Published: June 2022

Maliye politikalarını farklı bir bakış açısıyla yorumlayan akıllı maliye politikası, küresel krizden bu yana yaşanan ekonomik ve sosyal gelişmelerin yansımalarını daha yenilikçi ve değişimi yapısal sorun odaklı ele alan bir politik tutumdur. IMF tarafından şekillendirilen içeriğe sahip olan bu politikalar ile maliye politikalarının konjonktür karşıtı, büyüme dostu, kapsayıcı büyüme, güçlü bir vergi kapasitesi ve ihtiyatlı bir yapıda yürütülmesi tasarlanmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı akıllı maliye politikasına yönelik detaylı bir altyapının sunulmasıdır. Bu amaç doğrultuda akıllı maliye politikası konsepti, politikanın bileşenleri kapsamında aktarılmaya çalışılmıştır.
New facts of the biography of the Altai icon painter V.F. Balykin
Authors: Школина Е.В.
Published: June 2022

Статья представляет новые факты из жизни алтайского иконописца В.Ф. Балыкина, которые стали известны после изучения документов в Государственном архиве Алтайского края. В преддверии выхода музейного научного каталога с подробным описанием авторских иконографий и биографической статьей были выявлены неточности прошлых исследований в биографии художника, установлены члены его семьи. Также стал очевидным вопрос ученичества, который не раз поднимался у искусствоведов, наблюдавших разноплановое творчество мастера. В статье использованы источники о жизни и творчестве Балыкина, ранее не упоминавшиеся в библиографии исследований об этом иконописце.

This article presents new facts from the life of the Altai icon painter Vikula Balykin, which became known after studying the documents in the State Archive. The author conducted this study in anticipation of the publication of the museum's scientific catalog with a detailed description of the author's iconography and a biographical article. It is important that the inaccuracies of past research in the artist's biography were revealed, members of his family were identified. The question of apprenticeship, which has been raised more than once by art historians who have observed the master's diverse work, also became obvious. The article uses sources about the life and work of Balykin, which were not previously mentioned in the bibliography of studies about this icon painter.
Garuda
Authors: Чандра Л.
Published: June 2022

Статья посвящена иконографии Гаруды. Перевод статьи Локеша Чандры из «Словаря буддийской иконографии» выполнен С.М. Белокуровой.

The article is devoted to the iconography of Garuda. The translation of Lokesh Chandra's article from the Dictionary of Buddhist Iconography was made by S.М. Belokurova.
MODELLING THE EFFECT OF WOOD AND MAIZE COB-DERIVED BIOCHAR APPLICATION ON SOIL DYNAMICS AND MAIZE GROWTH FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
Authors:   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, TAN IVY AI WEI , TAN MIN CHONG ,   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, SIM DANIEL HONG HENG ,   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, LIM LEONARD LIK PUEH ,   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, CHIN SUK FUN ,   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
Published: June 2022

Intensive agriculture has degraded global agricultural land and resulted in a food crisis. The application of biochar in agricultural soil has been proven effective at improving soil quality and increasing crop yield. This study aims to develop a simulation and investigate the effect of wood-derived biochar (WBC) and maize cob-derived biochar (MBC) at different application rates on soil pH, soil cation exchange capacity (CEC), soil organic carbon (SOC) and the productivity of the maize cropping system. The prediction regarding the effect of biochar on soil pH was the most accurate of all the parameters studied. The simulation was good at predicting the change of properties in calcareous clay soil for both WBC and MBC, as well as WBC in acidic, sandy soil. The results demonstrated that amendments to both WBC and MBC successfully improved the soil pH, SOC and CEC. The effect was more significant when higher biochar application rates were applied. The biochar amendment enhanced the properties of acidic sandy soil more significantly as compared to calcareous clay soil. Overall, WBC and MBC are potential green fertilisers capable of enhancing soil quality for the sustainable development in agriculture.
THE FEASIBILITY STUDY OF EVAPORATION COOLING USING POROUS MATERIALS
Authors:   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, LEE YEE YONG , ABDULLAH ATHILIA ,   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, TING SIM NEE ,   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, LEE YEONG HUEI ,   Curtin University
Published: June 2022

Human thermal comfort evaluation is essential to avoid heat illness and can be used as an indicator for city development and thermal manikin is one of the tools for it. In this paper, porous materials such as red clay, white clay and plaster are investigated for outdoor thermal comfort evaluation in developing sweating thermal manikin. Unglazed red clay and white clay pots are filled with water and covered with an aluminium foil. However, unglazed plaster pots are filled with absorbent cotton wool saturated with water. They are compared with control specimens (those without water filling). The weights of the pots are measured every hour to check the evaporation rate and the surface temperatures and ambient temperature of all pots are also measured. Based on the analysis, the rate of evaporation for the porous material increases as the ambient temperature increase. The surface temperature of control samples was slightly higher than the samples filled with water where the increase in ambient temperature raised the evaporation cooling effect. In comparison, the white clay pot with its porosity characteristics shows more consistent results. The outcome of this investigation can be used as a reference for the development of sweating thermal manikin to achieve sustainable cities status.
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF STORMPAV GREEN PAVEMENT FOR STORMWATER MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, BATENI NORAZLINA , MOHD FATHIL NUR SAKINAH ,   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, BUSTAMI ROSMINA AHMAD ,   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, LAI SAI HIN ,   University of Malaya, M A MANNAN M A MANNAN ,   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, MAH DARRIEN YAU SENG ,   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
Published: June 2022

This study evaluates the stormwater management potential of a green pavement technology for permeable road pavement with subsurface micro-detention storage (StormPav) from a water quality perspective. The system provides integration of permeable pavement with hollow spaces to attenuate peak discharge with design installation using precast products. The environmental assessment was gathered from field experiments to assess the water quality, mosquito breeding capability and infiltration rate in the StormPav. The water quality parameters were determined to assess environmental benefits, which are one of the components of sustainable development. The parameters consist of total suspended solids, pH and alkalinity and they showed identical results to other permeable pavement types. Larvae development was found as early as eight days in stagnant water in the cylindrical hollow section of StormPav. However, the StormPav showed a high permeability rate within 122.45 mm/hr to 168.12 mm/hr at subgrade soil of HSG A soils group with no stagnant water retained in the void section in less than two hours, which nullified the required retention time for larvae development. Hence, StormPav displayed a significant benefit in terms of environmental concern for a sustainable design invention in stormwater management with the presence of subsurface detention storage.
TEMEL SÖZ VARLIĞI VE DEYİMLER AÇISINDAN OKUMA KAVRAMI
Authors: ŞENYILDIZ Nagihan
Published: June 2022

Makalede, Peter Kühn’ün Der Grundwortschatz’un yöntemi kullanılarak temel söz varlığı ölçütleri açısından okuma sözcüğü incelenmiştir. Böylece, okumanın Türkçede nasıl bir karşılık bulduğu tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.

Bir dilin çekirdek sözcükleri olan temel söz varlığı yıllarca değişime uğramadan varlığını sürdürmektedir. Sözcükler, toplumun kültürünü ve değerlerini tespit edebildiğimiz araçlardır. Toplumun alışkanlıklarını ve dünya görüşünü kullandıkları deyim ve atasözlerinden öğrenmekteyiz. Nesilden nesle gelen deyim ve atasözleri asırlar boyunca varlığını sürdürmektedir. Temel söz varlığının yanında deyim ve atasözlerini incelemek toplumun tarih boyunca okumaya bakışını görmemizi sağlayacaktır.

Okuma kavramının temel söz varlığı unsurlarına uygunluğuna bakılmıştır. Ayrıca okumayla ilgili deyim ve atasözlerinin içerdiği anlamlar bakımından topluma nasıl etki edeceği de değerlendirilmiştir.

Çalışmamızda okuma kavramının Türkçenin en eski dönemlerinden beri dilimizin temel söz varlığında yaşadığı tespit edilmiştir. Okuma bir sözcüğün temel söz varlığından sayılabilmesi için taşıması gereken unsurlara uygundur.

Okumanın atasözlerimiz arasında anlamlı ölçüde yer edinmezken deyimlerde çeşitli anlamlarda yer edindiği gözlenmektedir.