bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editorial
Authors: Caetano Luís Soares
Published: October 2024

Eis-nos de volta com mais um número desta Revista que pretende tornar-se um portal da Medicina praticada em Angola. Este número reflecte os anseios de desenvolvimento e crescimento dos profissionais desta instituição, ameaçada pelos ventos e intempéries da crise económica mundial, ainda vigente. Como se não bastassem os tentáculos desta crise tentarem refrear o nosso desenvolvimento, persistem preocupações de índole social e outros conflitos de valores... valores, que têm a vercom a busca de um código geral de lealdade e correcção que cada vez mais escasseia nas relações sociais, profissionais e humanas.
Unidades de Saúde: Empresas como quaisquer outras?
Authors: Malheiro Jorge B.
Published: October 2024

Qualquer unidade produtiva que aspire a uma gestão acertada e coerente (e as unidades de saúde não são excepção à regra) deve preparar e rever com regularidade cinco planos de gestão:
Plano de Investigação e DesenvolvimentoPlano de ProduçãoPlano de MarketingPlano FinanceiroPlano Administrativo
O objectivo do plano de marketing, ponto central deste diagrama, é fixar o futuro comercial da empresa, optimizando a utilização das suas possibilidades e recursos a fim de obter melhores resultados. Estes resultados podem não ser necessariamente financeiros: podem traduzir-se em eficiência, volume de acções, ou, como no caso de organizações sem fins lucrativos, nummaior número de indivíduos assistidos. Como elemento determinante da política da empresa, e porque é ele que vai condicionar a construção dos restantes, o Plano de Marketing deve ser estabelecido em primeiro lugar, sendo os restantes elaborados a partir dos dados por ele determinados.
Ainda sobre Humanização em Serviços de Saúde
Authors: Cruz Maria do Carmo
Published: October 2024

O problema da humanização dos cuidados de saúde começou a preocupar as sociedades mais desenvolvidas há já muitos anos mas não deixa de ser curioso que um dos países que tem um plano nacional para a humanização dos cuidados e procedimentos seja o Brasil, onde os hospitais públicos têm sido considerados entre os que menos se interessavam pelo assunto. Por outro lado, é também interessante reter que o sistema de saúde brasileiro assenta essencialmente na privatização dos cuidados, pelo que o próprio marketing e concorrência se interligaram para chamar a atenção para a necessidade de não apenas tratar o doente.
Comparação entre glucose venosa plasmática e glicemia capilar na classificação do estado de homeostasia glicídica de doentes admitidos na Unidade de Cuidados Diferenciados da Clínica Sagrada Esperança
Authors: Neto António Dias , Quitembo Mateus , Manuel Gisela
Published: October 2024

Com o objectivo de comparar os valores da glicemia capilar com os valores da glucose venosa e determinar as alterações da homeostasia glicídica foi realizado um estudo observacional em adultos admitidos em Cuidados Diferenciados na Clínica Sagrada Esperança, de Janeiro a Março de 2008. De acordo com os dois métodos de determinação da glucose , normoglicemia foi identificada na maioria dos indivíduos estudados (50% vs 48%; p>0.001) seguida de hiperglicemia 43% vs 43%. O coeficiente de determinação (R2) foi de 0,76 e permitiu concluir que o teste de glicemia venosa mostrou boa correlação com o teste de glicemia capilar (r=0,87; p< 0.001) e que, por isso, é um método rápido e eficaz para avaliar a glicemia, mesmo em doentes graves.
Review on the Synthesis and Biological Importance of Triazole Ring-containing Structures
Authors: Watandost Hamimullah , Atif Abdul Wali , Kochai Khudaidad , Ahmadzai Ziaullah , Ulfat Wali Imam
Published: October 2024

Currently, many organic compounds have been synthesized and identified by chemists in chemical laboratories, numbering in the millions.  The triazole ring is categorized as a subset of organic heterocyclic compounds. It constitutes a significant and extensive subject matter, and an in-depth examination of triazoles and their derivatives can lead to the development of specialized medical and biological chemical agents aimed at preventing a range of diseases.  This article generally has two parts, the first part of the article is dedicated to triazole syntheses, in which the research of different authors is reviewed from 2005 to 2021, and the second part of this article is the biological importance of the triazole ring. Based on the special importance of medicine, we can mention antimicrobial and antifungal drugs that have a high level of medicinal activity. Unfortunately, we don’t have standard chemical labs, to perform experiments. Nowadays, lab researches are replacing one group by another or one atom by another to obtain compound with deferent properties.
Feeding Management Practices in Dairy Farms of Herat Province, Afghanistan
Authors: Karimy Abdul Rasool , Safi Faridullah , Rodwal Imranullah
Published: October 2024

Background: Animals require carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals for optimal health, growth, and reproduction. Insufficient nutrient intake can lead to decreased productivity, deficiency diseases, impaired growth, weight loss, reduced milk production, and affected calf production. Insufficient minerals cause issues like infertility, poor bone growth, and hair/wool loss. Nutritional balance is crucial for animal health and productivity. The research purpose is to assess dairy farming practices and animal management, identifying challenges faced by dairy farmers in selected districts of Herat Province. Materials and Methods: The research was conducted in Herat Province's five districts, reliable information gathered from 100 randomly selected dairy owners through a systematic questionnaire. Prior to the interviews, the clarity of the questionnaires was ensured, and the respondents were briefed on the study's objective. Finding: Out of 100 dairy farms studied, only 8% used balanced ration, while the remaining 92% were unaware of it. In spring, green fodder was ranked 1st, followed by straw treet (local ration), plain straw and oil cake ranked 2nd, 3rd and 4th positions, respectively. In summer, green fodder remained 1st, followed by straw treet, plain straw, and hay. In fall, straw treet was ranked 1st, followed by hay, plain straw, and oil cakes. In winter, hay took 1st place, followed by straw treet, plain straw, and oil cakes (2nd, 3rd and 4th), respectively. Conclusion: Balanced feed was used by only 8% of farmers. Majority of them feed thrice daily and 74% of dairy owners did not feed concentrate. All dairy owners use straw treet to feed their animals, and most of them use straw treet twice daily. During spring and summer season, largest volume of animal feed in most farms comes from green fodder, straw treet, and hay, and it is different in the fall and winter season (more dried forage, straw treet, oil cakes, etc).
Assessing Community Awareness of Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Factors in Nangarhar: A Comprehensive Study
Authors: Rahimee Qudratullah , Behsoodwal Khalil Ahmad , Azemi Muhammad Asif
Published: October 2024

‌Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the impairment of the heart due to reduced blood flow to the heart. Usually, the reduced flow is the result of coronary artery disease, a condition in which the coronary artery is narrowed. The risk factors for IHD are classified into modifiable risk factors (age, sex, ethnicity, family history) and non-modifiable risk factors (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, poor diet, sedentary lifestyle). The study aimed to evaluate the awareness of adults about IHD-related risk factors and to recognize demographic variables correlated with this knowledge level. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among a convenience sample of 114 adults taking part in a health awareness fair held in a shopping mall in Nangarhar, in January 2023. A modified version of the IHD Facts questionnaire was used to estimate awareness of IHD risk factors. The number of correct responses for each item, which ranged from 0 to 21, has been integrated up in order to calculate the score. A mean score of less than 70% indicated insufficient awareness. To determine correlated demographic variables and demonstrate the participants' knowledge level, descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out. Findings: The study had a response rate of 87.7%, with 114 subjects participating in total. Of the participants, 69 individuals (60.5%) showed a mean IHD awareness score that was insufficient. It was found that there was a significant correlation between body mass index (odds ratio = 0.739; p = 0.023), marital status (OR = 0.057; p = 0.036), and education level (OR = 9.243; p = 0.006) and awareness of IHD risk factors. Conclusion: The Nangarhar study population showed a low level of awareness regarding IHD risk factors. It appears that the participants' inability to engage in prevention is a result of their limited awareness. These results underline how important it is for Nangarhar to carry out educational initiatives to raise public awareness of IHD risk factors and prevention.
VỀ MỘT ĐẶC SẮC TRONG THI PHÁP VỞ VUA LEAR: CẤU TRÚC CỐT TRUYỆN
Authors: Tất Thắng
Published: October 2024

Nếu ta vẫn nói, và cả thế giới đều công nhận rằng William Shakespeare là thiên tài kịch, thì đó chính là thiên tài thi pháp kịch, và trong cái vũ trụ thiên tài ấy đã nổi lên lấp lánh như một ngôi sao: cấu trúc cốt truyện phức tạp. Cấu trúc là một vấn đề cốt tử của thi pháp kịch, trong đó, cấu trúc cốt truyện thu hút nhiều suy nghĩ, luận bàn của các lý luận gia, thi pháp gia, kịch tác gia, v.v…“Vua Lear” được coi là có cấu trúc cốt truyện rất phức tạp, rất xoắn bện. Tính phức tạp, xoắn bện của cốt truyện “Vua Lear” còn thể hiện ở sự đan xen, chồng chéo nhiều tuyến kịch - tức tuyến hành động trong xung đột. Bên cạnh tuyến chính là tuyến Lear và các con gái, còn những tuyến khác có thể gọi là phụ, nhưng rất quan trọng, được dẫn dắt trong vở bi kịch mà nhiều người cho là có cấu trúc công phu và hiệu quả nhất, rắc rối mà cũng chặt chẽ nhất trong thi pháp kịch Shakespeare..
HỒN DÂN TỘC TRONG MỸ THUẬT CHÈO NGUYỄN DÂN QUỐC
Authors: Phạm Duy Khuê
Published: October 2024

“Sắc sắc không không”- có mà không, không mà có - một trong những triết lý căn bản của giáo lý đạo Phật. Triết lý này tưởng chừng mơ hồ, nhưng ở góc nhìn, tầm nhìn và cách nhìn khoa học biện chứng thì hoàn toàn đúng với ý nghĩa vật chất của nó. Hoạ sĩ thiết kế mỹ thuật sân khấu chèo Nguyễn Dân Quốc phải chăng đã lấy triết lý này làm phương châm cho sáng tạo của mình. Nó được gợi ý từ cái mạng nhện trong thiết kế toàn bộ “không gian” sống của vai Suý Vân và các nhân vật trong vở diễn Suý Vân, do hoạ sĩ Nguyễn Đình Hàm - người thầy của ông, người họa sĩ thiết kế mỹ thuật sân khấu Chèo đầu tiên sáng tạo ra.
TÍNH SÂN KHẤU TẠO SỨC HẤP DẪN NGHỆ THUẬT: TRƯỜNG HỢP TÁC PHẨM “VỰC TRẮNG”
Authors: Lương Hoàng Thi
Published: October 2024

Trong tranh Phục Hưng chúng ta luôn bắt gặp sự hiện hữu của các nhân vật, các câu chuyện (thánh tích), ở đó ẩn chứa những uẩn khúc, xung đột, hành động kịch tính… tạo nên triết lý nhân sinh và tinh thần nhân đạo tôn vinh vẻ đẹp con người. Gần đây, các game show ca nhạc đều xuất hiện xu hướng “sân khấu hóa” khi xây dựng tác phẩm mới hay làm lại các tác phẩm cũ. Tính sân khấu, bao gồm sự hợp lý nội tại, sự “xoắn bện” giữa các yếu tố: cốt truyện, nhân vật, đối thoại, xung đột, hành động… đã góp phần tạo nên sức hấp dẫn đặc biệt của tác phẩm nghệ thuật. Gần đây, trong “Vực trắng”, tập thơ vừa ra đời của Lữ Mai, tinh thần sân khấu đã lan tỏa trong câu thơ, trong cấu tứ, tạo nên một phong vị thời đại ở giọng thơ mới hôm nay.
CON THÚ TẬT NGUYỀN - TỪ VĂN HỌC ĐẾN ĐIỆN ẢNH
Authors: Phạm Khánh Duy
Published: October 2024

“Con thú tật nguyền” của Nguỵ Ngữ là một trong những truyện ngắn tiêu biểu thuộc khuynh hướng yêu nước của văn học đô thị miền Nam (1954 - 1975) được chuyển thể thành phim. Chiến tranh đã đi qua, đất nước hòa bình và đang trên đà phát triển, giới nghiên cứu có điều kiện nhìn nhận lại văn học đô thị để khẳng định giá trị, sự đóng góp và sức sống của bộ phận văn học này. Việc tiếp cận, diễn giải bộ phim chuyển thể “Con thú tật nguyền” từ góc độ đối sánh với tác phẩm gốc là điều cần thiết, hứa hẹn sẽ đem lại những phát hiện thú vị.
185th anniversary of the cell theory and modern cell technologies
Authors: Kunakh V. A.
Published: October 2024

The article briefly reviews the history of the development of the cell theory in the 19th century and analyses the contribution of its authors Theodor Schwann, Matthias Schleiden, and Rudolf Virchow. Particular attention is paid to the development of the cell theory and its practical significance, in particular, the invention in the 20th century and further development of cell technologies. The main characteristics of cultured cells and tissues in vitro as a new experimentally created biological system are presented, and the peculiarities of the establishment of strains of cultured plant cells are discussed. Using plants as an example, the genomic variability of somatic cells is analysed both during ontogeny and in the course of their culturing in vitro. It is assumed that any somatic cell with a living (functionally active) nucleus, when isolated and subsequently cultured in vitro can restore in its offspring, including regenerated plants, the genetic polymorphism inherent in this plant species as a result of dedifferentiation and “somaclonal” variability (the latter is assumed to occur according to the N. I. Vavilov’s law of homologous series in variation). It ispostulated that a plant is a system of cell populations characterised by the plasticity of its gene pool, which is based on genome plasticity of somatic cells, which, in interaction with cellular selection, ensures the adaptability of the plant as an integral organism and creates the possibility of inheritance (transmission to offspring) of adaptive genomic changes acquired during ontogeny. It is concluded that the adaptive traits of an organism are determined by the adaptive changes in the cells, which composed it. The author also examines the main directions of modern cell technologies and their application in crop production, in medicine for the treatment and creation of new organs using stem cells, as well as in the food industry on the example of the development of technologies for the production of artificial meat using animal stem cells, etc. It is concluded that the issue of cell adaptations remains one of the most important and still insufficiently understood issues of modern biology.
Variability of a number of Pm gene sequences in representatives of Triticeae
Authors: Plyhun V. V. , Antonyuk M. Z.
Published: October 2024

Aim. Comparison of the sequences of selected resistance genes deposited in GenBank to find types of differences in their nucleotide composition and to determine the significance of these differences for primer design. Methods. Sequence searches were performed in the GenBank biological database. Comparison of different sequences of the same gene was carried out in DnaSP6 by calculating the Tajima test for Pm2, Pm3 and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test in GeneDoc for Pm21. Multiple alignment was performed in CLUSTALW before using the specified programs. Primers were designed in Primer3. Results. Variability of the compared sequences is represented by nucleotide substitutions, insertions/deletions, the presence of a transposon in one of the Pm3 sequences. The regions coding for leucine-rich repeats are the most variable. The sequences isolated from Triticum dicoccoides have two such regions, within each of which some of the changes in the nucleotide sequence will be reflected in the amino acid composition of the proteins. Conclusions. The differences between the compared sequences of Pm2, Pm3, Pm21 (within each of the genes) are random (p < 0.05). According to the results of the sequences analysis, combinations of primers were developed for the identification of sequences characteristic to resistance genes on the available plant material.
The effect of UV-C radiation and cytokinin on pea plants
Authors: Zhuk V. V. , Mikheev A. N. , Ovsyannikova L. G.
Published: October 2024

Aim. The effect of ultraviolet C (UV-C) radiation and cytokinin benzylaminopurine (BAP) on the growth and content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves of pea plants (Pisum sativum L.) was studied. Methods. Pea plants cultivar Aronis were irradiated by UV-C at a dose of 15 kJ/m2 with a power of 7 W/m2. Part of the non-irradiated plants was treated with BAP, part of the plants was treated with BAP one day before irradiation and part of plants were treated with BAP in one day after UV-C irradiation. Length and mass of plant shoots and roots were measured during the experiment. Content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves were determined during all time the experiment. Results. It was shown that pea plants growth delayed content of carotenoids in leaves reduced after the UV-C radiation of pea plants. Treatment of plants with BAP after the end of the UV-C radiation accelerated the restoration of photosynthetic pigments content. Conclusions. It was shown that UV-C radiation of pea plants by dose of 15 kJ/m2 caused inhibition of growth, decreasing photosynthetic pigments content in leaves. The BAP treatment after radiation stimulated the restoration of photosynthetic pigments content in the leaves.
Inheritance of signs of resistance to osmotic stresses in genetically modified wheat
Authors: Mykhalska S. I. , Komisarenko A. G.
Published: October 2024

Aim. To investigate the inheritance of transgenes and the preservation of increased resistance to drought in the seed generations of genetically modified wheat plants with a double-stranded RNA (dlRNA) suppressor of the proline dehydrogenase (pdh) gene. Methods. PCR, determination of free L-proline (Pro) content and yield structure indicators. Results. Under the influence of osmotic stress, T4 wheat plants were selected with elements that form dlRNA suppressor of the pdh gene of wheat, which retain the sign of increased resistance to water deficit. It was found that T4 plants had a higher content of Pro than their original forms under both normal cultivation conditions and water deficit. It is shown that during droughts, biotechnological plants were characterized by higher grain productivity compared to the original genotypes, while under conditions of sufficient moisture provision, the differences in the elements of the yield structure were insignificant. Conclusions. The analysis of seed generations of transgenic wheat showed variability in the manifestation of signs of increased resistance to osmotic stress, which is due to the instability of recombinant DNA in generations. Testing of T4 wheat under the effects of osmotic stress showed the fact of successful selection of plants with introduced elements that form dlRNA suppressor of the pdh gene and cause the sign of increased resistance to water deficit in seed generations.
Determination of phosphinothricin and paromomycin selective concentrations for obtaining transgenic spelt plants
Authors: Nitovska I. O. , Panasenko A. S. , Redko V. Yu. , Zadorozhna M. I. , Morgun B. V.
Published: October 2024

Aim. To determine the selective concentrations of phosphinothricin and paromomycin for the selection of transgenic plants of spelt wheat. Methods. Shoot apical meristem culture, mature embryo culture, Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. Results. Isolation and cultivation of shoot apical meristems of seedlings from three spelt genotypes and mature embryos from three other genotypes were carried out. A high frequency (from 80 to 100 %) of callus induction from explants was observed. It was shown that the addition of 5 mg/l of phosphinothricin or 100 mg/l of paromomycin to the culture medium almost completely inhibited plant regeneration compared to the control. After Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of calli with a vector containing the phosphinothricin-N-acetyltransferase gene, regeneration of spelt shoots for one genotype was observed on a selective medium with 5 mg/l phosphinothricin. Conclusions. The selective concentrations of herbicide and antibiotic for obtaining transgenic spelt wheat plants with the corresponding marker genes are 5 mg/l for phosphinothricin and 100 mg/l for paromomycin.
Optimization of the method of Agrobacterium-mediated in planta transformation of winter wheat genotypes
Authors: Slivka L. V. , Dubrovna O. V. , Velykozhon L. H.
Published: October 2024

Aim. Optimization of the Agrobacterium-mediated in planta transformation of winter wheat genotypes. Methods. Genetic transformation, molecular genetic analysis; of mathematical statistics. Results. The influence of the composition of the inoculation medium and the method of application of the agrobacterium cell suspension on the frequency of seed setting and the formation of transgenic plants of new promising genotypes of winter wheat was studied. The dependence of obtaining the amount of grain and transformants on the genotypic characteristics of plants when using different inoculation conditions and transformation procedures was established. The higher efficiency of the MC-32 inoculation medium, which additionally contained MES, magnesium sulfate, and ammonium chloride, was shown compared to the MC-31 medium supplemented with sodium thiosulfate. A significant difference in the rate of seed setting was revealed when using different methods of applying A. tumefacins cell suspension. Method I proved to be the most effective, when a bacterial culture was applied to the pistil receptacle, and after the liquid in which the agrobacteria were resuspended completely dried, pollination was carried out with pollen obtained from an intact ear of the same plant. Conclusions. Selected inoculation conditions for efficient gene transfer in the pollination process for Agrobacterium-mediated in planta transformation of new winter wheat genotypes.
Non-darwinian theories of biological evolution
Authors: Vagin Yu. V.
Published: October 2024

The article presents material related to evolutionary theories such as Berg’s nomogenesis, Kimura’s theory of neutral evolution, and neo-Lamarckism, the content of which is opposed to Darwin’s doctrine of natural selection as a leading factor in biological evolution. Nomogenesis, a hypothesis according to which the evolution of organisms is based on internal laws. The general thesis of Berg’s worldview was that evolution occurs naturally, in accordance with a pre-existing – pre-established – law of development. The neutral theory of molecular evolution was put forward by Motoo Kimura. It argues that the vast majority of mutations at the molecular level are neutral in nature with respect to the action of natural selection. Thus, the theory of neutral evolution contradicted Darwinism, pointing to the fixation of neutral mutations in the population without the participation of natural selection. Neo-Lamarckism is a combination of three heterogeneous trends in evolutionary doctrine. Despite the fact that neo-Lamarckists have deviated from the basic postulates of Lamarck, most of their concepts contain two provisions that correspond to Lamarck's laws. The first is the recognition of adequate variability that occurs under the direct or indirect influence of the environment and creates well-acquired adaptive traits. The second is the inheritance of similar traits in individual life.
Vasil Yakovych Yuriev: Life and scientific heritage (on the 145th anniversary of his birth)
Authors: Kryzhanovska M. A. , Prokopiak M. Z. , Holinei H. M. , Shevchyk L. O.
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the main stages of life and scientific activities of the renowned and respected academician-breeder Vasyl Yakovych Yuriev. His name is inextricably linked with the activities of the Ukrainian Research Institute of Plant Breeding, Selection, and Genetics (now Yuriev Plant Production Institute of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine). It is shown that in his scientific work, Vasyl Yakovych paid special attention to the collection of initial material, the selection of parental forms for crossing, developed methods for testing hybrids and varieties at different stages of the selection process, and demonstrated the advantages of the method of selecting pure lines from local wheat populations compared to the ineffective method of mass selection. Based on this method, under his leadership, many high-yielding valuable varieties of winter and spring wheat, rye, millet, barley, and corn were developed. To study the patterns of inheritance of important valuable traits in wheat, V. Ya. Yuriev used intervarietal and interspecies crosses of the diallel type. Many studies have been conducted in the field of breeding varieties for disease and pest resistance and immunity. In recognition of his scientific achievements, the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine established the Vasyl Yakovych Yuriev Prize, which is awarded for the highest achievements in the field of selection and genetics.
Study of the role of polymorphic variants G919A and A2039G of the follicle stimulating hormone receptor gene FSHR in the genesis of male infertility
Authors: Tyrkus M. Y.
Published: October 2024

Aim. To determine the distribution of genotypes of polymorphic variants G919A and A2039G of the gene FSHR (follicle-stimulating hormone receptor) among men with azoospermia. Methods. DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes was isolated and purification using a modified salting out method. Extracted DNA was amplified by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products were subsequently digested with the restriction enzyme for identify polymorphic variants of the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor gene FSHR. Electrophoresis of PCR products was performed in a 2 % agarose gel. Results. Given that idiopathic infertility is overwhelmingly caused by genetic factors, it seemed necessary to conduct a set of cytological and molecular genetic studies in a group of men with azoospermia. The genetic component was verified in 28 men with azoospermia, which is 40 % of all subjects. Molecular genetic studies were performed and the distribution of genotypes of polymorphic variants A919G and A2039G of the FSHR gene among men with azoospermia was determined. Conclusions. A slightly higher frequency of homozygous genotypes GG of polymorphic variants A919G and A2039G of the follicle stimulating hormone receptor gene FSHR was found among men with azoospermia compared to the group of fertile men.
Genetic control of seed formation
Authors: Zadorozhna O. A.
Published: October 2024

Aim. To explain the rice seeds longevity from the point of view of genetic control of their formation under climate change. Methods. Analysis of the current state of scientific research on genetic control of seed formation, laboratory studies of rice seed germination, monitoring of meteorological conditions of seed formation in different years of reproduction, results statistical processing. Results. Rice seed longevity of different reproduction years under conditions of formation in climate change context was analysed. Lower longevityity of experimental seeds under formation conditions with higher precipitation was found. Influence of genetic control, transcription factors on seed embryo formation and reserve nutrients in different climatic conditions is discussed. Conclusions. Rice seed formation conditions during higher precipitation had a negative impact on seed longevity even under optimal medium-term storage conditions. Additional research is needed to prove the change in transcriptional regulation of certain synthesis of necessary for seed formation and development under these conditions substances.
Le journal intime comme espace d’un ratage revendiqué. Le mausolée des amants d’Hervé Guibert
Authors: Godin Louis-Daniel
Published: October 2024

Si l’on s’appuie sur les dires d’Hervé Guibert, son oeuvre répond à ses propres voeux lorsque l’écriture intime y est privilégiée, elle « rate » lorsqu’elle s’éloigne du « je » autobiographique. Certaines de ses oeuvres archivées et non publiées sont ainsi, par lui, considérées comme ratées. L’enjeu du ratage est aussi présent dans son journal intime, Le mausolée des amants (2001), qui a la particularité d’avoir été écrit dans la perspective d’une publication posthume, ce qui offre à Guibert le loisir d’échapper, de son vivant, aux effets de son discours, tout en explorant son identité en relation avec un interlocuteur imaginé. Ainsi le motif du ratage permet d’analyser l’éthos intime guibertien. C’est à cette démonstration que s’attelle cet article en analysant Le mausolée des amants à la lumière de la notion d’éthos, ici décentrée et mise en rapport avec la théorie psychanalytique (du désir, surtout), envisagée à partir d’une sensibilité queer à la question du ratage.
Ventanas transitables
Authors: Kutasy Mercédesz
Published: October 2024

Revue of Carvacho Alfaro, Nibaldo Acero ¿Qué hay detrás de la ventana?
Methamphetamine-induced adaptation of learning rate dynamics depend on baseline performance
Authors: Kirschner Hans , Molla Hanna M , Nassar Matthew R , de Wit Harriet , Ullsperger Markus
Published: October 2024

The ability to calibrate learning according to new information is a fundamental component of an organism’s ability to adapt to changing conditions. Yet, the exact neural mechanisms guiding dynamic learning rate adjustments remain unclear. Catecholamines appear to play a critical role in adjusting the degree to which we use new information over time, but individuals vary widely in the manner in which they adjust to changes. Here, we studied the effects of a low dose of methamphetamine (MA), and individual differences in these effects, on probabilistic reversal learning dynamics in a within-subject, double-blind, randomized design. Participants first completed a reversal learning task during a drug-free baseline session to provide a measure of baseline performance. Then they completed the task during two sessions, one with MA (20 mg oral) and one with placebo (PL). First, we showed that, relative to PL, MA modulates the ability to dynamically adjust learning from prediction errors. Second, this effect was more pronounced in participants who performed poorly at baseline. These results present novel evidence for the involvement of catecholaminergic transmission on learning flexibility and highlights that baseline performance modulates the effect of the drug.
Positive epistasis for fitness under monosomy: Loss of ribosomal protein stoichiometry reduces the effects of other perturbations
Authors: Tutaj Hanna , Tomala Katarzyna , Pirog Adrian , Marszałek Marzena , Korona Ryszard
Published: October 2024

The loss of a single chromosome in a diploid organism halves the dosage of many genes and is usually accompanied by a substantial decrease in fitness. We asked whether this decrease simply reflects the joint damage caused by individual gene dosage deficiencies. We measured the fitness effects of single heterozygous gene deletions in yeast and combined them for each chromosome. This predicted a negative growth rate, i.e. lethality, for multiple monosomies. However, monosomic strains remained alive and grew as if much (often most) of the damage caused by single mutations had disappeared, revealing an exceptionally large and positive epistatic component of fitness. We looked for functional explanations by analyzing the transcriptomes. There was no evidence of increased (compensatory) gene expression on the monosomic chromosomes. Nor were there signs of the cellular stress response that would be expected if monosomy led to protein destabilization and thus cytotoxicity. Instead, all monosomic strains showed extensive upregulation of genes encoding ribosomal proteins, but in an indiscriminate manner that did not correspond to their altered dosage. This response did not restore the stoichiometry required for efficient biosynthesis, which probably became growth limiting, making all other mutation-induced metabolic defects much less important. In general, the modular structure of the cell leads to an effective fragmentation of the total mutational load. Defects outside the module(s) currently defining fitness lose at least some of their relevance, producing the epiphenomenon of positive interactions between individually negative effects.
Brain-derived exosomal hemoglobin transfer contributes to neuronal mitochondrial homeostasis under hypoxia
Authors: Tian Zhengming , Jin Feiyang , Xu Zirui , Gu Yakun , Guo Mengyuan , Li Yuning , Shao Qianqian , Liu Yingxia , Luo Hanjiang , Wang Yue , Zhang Suyu , Yang Chenlu , Liu Xin , Ji Xunming , Liu Jia
Published: October 2024

Hypoxia is an important physiological stress causing nerve injuries and several brain diseases. However, the mechanism of brain response to hypoxia remains unclear, thus limiting the development of interventional strategies. This study conducted combined analyses of single-nucleus transcriptome sequencing and extracellular vesicle transcriptome sequencing on hypoxic mouse brains, described cell-cell communication in the brain under hypoxia from intercellular and extracellular dimensions, confirmed that hemoglobin mRNA was transferred from non-neuronal cells to neurons, and eventually expressed. Then we further explored the role of exosomal hemoglobin transfer
in vitro
, clarified that hypoxia promoted the transfer and expression of exosomal hemoglobin between endothelial cells and neurons. And we found the vital function of exosomal hemoglobin to protect against neurological injury by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis in neurons. In conclusion, this study identified a novel mechanism of ‘mutual aid’ in hypoxia responses in the brain, involving exosomal hemoglobin transfer, clarified the important role of exosomal communication in the process of brain stress response, and provided a novel interventional perspective for hypoxia-related brain diseases.
Teacher educators’ and pre-service teachers’ confidence toward the use of ICT in education
Authors: Vesisenaho Mikko , Kyllönen Mari , Kukkonen Jari , Valtonen Teemu , Häkkinen Päivi
Published: October 2024

Todays’ teacher education needs to provide pre-service teachers with readiness to integrate ICT in education. Teacher educators are expected to serve as role models for pre-service teachers, providing them with examples and meaningful experiences of learning with ICT. The aim of this study is to provide an insight into teacher educators’ and pre-service teachers’ confidence toward using ICT in education. In this study, both groups assessed their Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK). The aim was to study the possible differences between teacher educators’ and pre-service teachers’ TPK assessments, and based on their assessments, to provide insights into teacher educators’ readiness to act as role models for pre-service teachers. The participants of the study were 123 pre-service teachers and 83 teacher educators. The results indicate that the assessments of teacher educators were higher than pre-service teachers’ assessments at the sample level. The results also indicate that pre-service teachers and teacher educators can both be divided into two aligning sub-groups, with higher and lower assessments. However, the comparison of these sub-groups showed that the assessments of the pre-service teachers in the higher sub-group were higher than with the assessments of the teacher educators in the lower (modest) sub-group. This study provides evidence for variation among teacher educators and pre-service teachers in terms of their TPK. This implies a need for more tailored ways to develop TPK in teacher education.
A new species of frog of the genus Noblella Barbour, 1930 (Amphibia: Strabomantidae) from the Cordillera del Cóndor, Ecuador
Authors: Brito-Zapata David , Chávez-Reyes Juan D. , Pallo-Robles Matheo David , Carrión-Olmedo Julio C. , Cisneros-Heredia Diego F. , Reyes-Puig Carolina
Published: October 2024

We describe a new species of leaflitter frog of the genus Noblella from southern Ecuador, province of Zamora Chinchipe. The new species is diagnosed from all its congeners by having one or two tubercles on the upper eyelids; distal phalanges strongly T-shaped; phalangeal formula on hands 2-2-3-3; phalangeal formula on feet 2-2-3-4-3; heel with a small subconical tubercle; disc on all toes with papillae; dorsum brown or brown with gray, with V-shaped inverted or scattered irregular darker marks. We include a detailed description of its osteology and a study of its phylogenetic relationships. Finally, we evaluate its conservation status and discuss the threats that are currently impacting at the type locality.
Regional development through innovation: a proposal for a technological hub framework
Authors: Maritan Francieli Bender , Soliani Rodrigo Duarte , Ferreira Junior Genildo Cavalcante , Satrapa Herika Fernanda Montilha , Florentino Marcelo Maia Gomes
Published: October 2024

Brazil has made progress in innovation, although unevenly across its regions, with the state of Acre still facing challenges in this sector. The creation of an innovation and technology hub at Senai/AC aims to promote regional development by bringing together government, companies, and academia to stimulate local economic growth. This article proposes a strategic framework for the implementation of the Senai/AC Innovation and Technology Hub, with the goal of strengthening the regional economy and increasing industrial competitiveness. Based on a Systematic Literature Review, the best global and regional practices for the creation of innovation ecosystems were identified. The qualitative analysis of 40 articles resulted in strategic guidelines adapted to local needs, highlighting the importance of effective governance, resource mobilization, collaborative environments, human capital development, and a culture of innovation. The Senai/AC Hub has the potential to act as a catalyst for the state's socioeconomic development and strengthen local industries. Future studies can assess the effectiveness of the guidelines and the hub's impact on regional production chains, comparing it with other hubs to identify synergies and best practices.
O Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos e o desenvolvimento local de Foz do Iguaçu/PR
Authors: Nascimento Regina , Nascimento Daniel Teotonio
Published: October 2024

Este estudo trata da relação entre o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) e o desenvolvimento local. O objetivo é verificar em que medida o PAA contribui na promoção do desenvolvimento e no fortalecimento da agricultura familiar no município de Foz do Iguaçu. Por meio de revisão bibliográfica foram abordados os conceitos de (e percepções sobre) desenvolvimento endógeno e agricultura familiar. Como procedimento metodológico foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória e qualitativa. A análise do impacto do PAA no município em questão foi fundamentada em relatórios e arquivos mantidos pelo órgão municipal responsável pela coordenação do programa. Os resultados demonstraram que o PAA pode ser considerado uma importante política pública para o fortalecimento da agricultura familiar e para o desenvolvimento econômico local. Além disso, o presente estudo contribuiu para ampliar o debate sobre a necessidade de se manter as políticas públicas direcionadas à agricultura familiar e sensibilizar os atores envolvidos para a Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional.
O PRONAF na quarta colônia de imigração italiana do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Scapin Beatriz , Troian Alessandra
Published: October 2024

O Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar (PRONAF), além de ser um marco de reconhecimento da agricultura familiar, é uma política pública que fomenta essa categoria social. O presente estudo buscou analisar a distribuição do crédito custeio nos municípios de Nova Palma e Pinhal Grande no período de 1999 a 2019. A pesquisa realizada foi quantitativa, de caráter descritivo, realizada por meio de levantamento bibliográfico e análise de dados secundários, estes obtidos via sítio oficial do Banco Central do Brasil. Como principais resultados, tem-se que, no período considerado, foram acessados R$ 593,9 milhões de crédito custeio pelos agricultores de Nova Palma e Pinhal Grande. Nos dez primeiros anos de análise, tanto em Nova Palma como em Pinhal Grande, as duas culturas que registraram maior número de contratações foram milho e feijão; nos últimos dez anos, foram a soja e o milho. Isso mostra que o PRONAF tende a fomentar a produção de commodities. Ademais, a partir de 2014 houve redução nos recursos disponibilizados, indicando que o PRONAF teve em Nova Palma e Pinhal Grande o mesmo comportamento que em nível nacional.
Ectopic Tooth Eruption – Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Lopes Maria Rita Lima , Silva Larissa Doalla de Almeida e , Neri Anna Marina Teixeira Rodrigues , Santos Carolina Carvalho de Oliveira , Fonseca-Silva Thiago
Published: October 2024

Ectopic eruption designates teeth that deviate from their normal eruption pattern. Its multifactorial etiology includes local and systemic factors, somatic disorders, and genetics. The objective of this study is to know the most common teeth that can present ectopic eruption, their prevalence, and associated clinical factors. A bibliographic search of scientific articles indexed in the PUBMED® and VHL databases was performed in September 2023, with the following descriptors: "Tooth Eruption; Ectopic; Dentistry". A total of 42 articles published in the last 5 years were found. Of these, 16 addressed ectopic eruptions and were included. The reviewed literature highlights the following clinical aspects: delayed eruption, partial appearance of the crown, changes in the eruption axis, transpositions, and gyro versions. The most affected teeth are the first permanent molars, with approximately 2 to 6%, and the canines with approximately 1.5 to 4.6%. It is essential to diagnose ectopic eruption early and identify the etiological factors, to obtain early treatment, preventing the development of this pathology and, consequently, the appearance of malocclusion.
HLA-B27 Frequency and its Association with Ankylosing Spondylitis in Indian Population: A Multi-City Analysis from a Single-Center Study
Authors: Sharma Vandana , Kumar Sanjay , Katara Rahul , Sharma Shivani , Kumar Vipin , Pandey Namrata , Singh Satish Kumar , Verma Shashikant , Kumar Sachin , Prasad Ranvijay
Published: October 2024

The human leukocyte antigen HLA-B*27 is a Class 1 antigen of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) with B locus and has been established in association with pathogenesis of Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) since 1973. AS is a multifactorial disease which occurs due to interaction between genes, environment, mechanical stress, microbiota and infection. The ankylosing spondylitis is characterized by inflammation of spine, backpain, stiffness of lower back and hips, extrarticular organs such as eyes, and cardiovascular system. In severe cases this may cause the fusion of vertebrae. The current study highlights the mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of AS with a focus to investigate the frequency of HLA B*27 in suspected cases of AS. The patients were recruited from rheumatology clinics of India from age group of 13-69 years. Patients with suspected cases of AS who met the clinical criteria for AS were tested for HLA-B*27. One thousands and four patients were tested for HLA B*27 using RTPCR method. Out of 1004 subjects, 124 (12.35%) were positive for HLA-B*27. Among these, Male/Female ratio was 2.7. Majority of subjects were from North India. The current study highlights the HLA B27 positivity in association with pathogenesis of AS and indicates that HLA B27 serves as a rapid prognostic and diagnostic genetic marker for detection of AS.
Implication of Parental Engagement to the Students in Home-School Learning
Authors: Bejarin Jhoanna Marie A. , Quezada Rodeth Jane C.
Published: October 2024

Parental involvement in home-school learning also helps to strengthen the relationship, fosters greater autonomy and responsibility in children, and flexible learning experiences. This study used a descriptive-phenomenological study that divulged the context of home-school learning during the health crisis brought by COVID-19 among elementary pupils. Ten (10) Grade 4 pupils, currently enrolled in S.Y. 2021-2022 and who had been studying both before and during the pandemic, participated in the interview. Colaizzi's data analysis approach was later used to analyze the interview data. Findings indicated that elementary pupils have a variety of experiences in home-school learning and are also experiencing challenges in home-school learning. The study's findings also revealed the role of their parents during home-school learning by giving them a lot of time teaching the reading and constant follow-ups with their children. The different challenges and experiences in home-school learning were evident in the pupil's responses. Hence, the result of the study also revealed that the pupils had difficulty in reading and writing during home-school learning. Students can benefit from parental support and guidance, which can improve their motivation, attitudes, and communication skills.
Bibliometric Analysis and Ecological Challenges in the Era of Climate Change for Seagrass Conservation Research in Indonesia
Authors: Salma Ummu , Angrelina Isty
Published: October 2024

Seagrass ecosystems in Indonesia provide essential ecological services, including carbon sequestration, marine biodiversity support, and coastal protection. However, these ecosystems face significant threats from human activities, climate change, and pollution. This study was conducted due to the lack of comprehensive analysis on seagrass conservation research trends in Indonesia, aiming to address this gap and provide insights that can enhance conservation strategies. This study utilizes bibliometric analysis to examine research trends in seagrass conservation in Indonesia from 2007 to 2024, identifying 118 publications with an annual growth rate of 18.53%. Key research topics include biodiversity conservation, seagrass roles in climate change mitigation, and the management of protected areas. This analysis highlights the need to address research gaps, such as limited studies on community-based conservation approaches and the impact of local policies on seagrass management. The findings indicate a growing awareness of seagrass functions, such as carbon storage and support for fisheries, but highlight ongoing challenges related to limited financial resources and public awareness. By applying bibliometric analysis, this study provides a crucial tool for evidence-based decision-making, enabling more targeted and effective conservation policies. Community perceptions and participation, especially through community-based conservation initiatives, are crucial for the success of seagrass conservation efforts. This study uniquely contributes to the field by offering a clear map of research trends and gaps, guiding future research and policy to more effectively address seagrass conservation challenges in Indonesia. The study emphasizes the need for adaptive management strategies and collaboration among stakeholders to overcome the challenges of seagrass conservation in Indonesia.