bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of haplotypes for SNPs in the LTR regions of bovine leukemia virus with hematological indices of cattle
Authors: Blazhko N. V. , Vyshegurov S. Kh. , Donchenko A. S. , Shatokhin K. S. , Krytsyna T. I. , Ryabinina V. A.
Published: May 2019

Molecular typing of BLV samples isolated from Holsteinized Russian Black Pied cattle was carried out, and various cytofluorometric and morphological blood indices were examined. We performed the total count of white blood cells (WBC), lymphocyte (lymf), granulocyte (gran), monocyte (mon), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HTC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet crit count (PCT). The LTR-region of BLV was haplotyped. Only viruses of haplotypes I (0.33±0.03) and III (0.67±0.03) of the eight possible were detected. The ratio of hematologically sick, healthy, and suspected carriers of BLV of haplotypes I and II was comparable with the results of other researchers. The numbers of leukocytes, erythrocytes and platelets in the blood of carriers of haplotype III exceeded the corresponding parameters of cattle affected by the virus of haplotype I. It is interesting to note that the difference in the hemolytic status of animals was manifested not only by the concentration of leukocytes as direct immune agents but also by the count of erythrocytes and platelets, which are not directly involved in the immune response. The number of particles of haplotype III of the BLV circulating in the blood of infected individuals exceeded that of the carriers of haplotype I. In this connection, an assumption was made about the evolutionary advantage of the more virulent haplotype III. However, the results of our own research in conjunction with the data of other scientists indicate that the high virulence of individual virus strains is a consequence of the tendency to implement the maximum possible intensity of the synthesis of virus particles but not of the high damaging effect alone. It is shown that high lethality is evolutionarily disadvantageous for viruses, since the extinction of the carrier as a biological species is fraught with the disappearance of the virus itself.
Agroforestry systems provide firewood for livelihood improvement in Guatemala
Authors: Sibelet Nicole , Posada Karla E. , Gutiérrez-Montes Isabel A.
Published: May 2019

Dans le contexte du changement climatique et de la pauvreté, les populations rurales sont de plus en plus confrontées aux défis de la gestion adéquate des ressources, de la production alimentaire et de l’amélioration de la qualité de vie. Le Guatemala doit faire face au changement climatique et à la pauvreté tout en tenant compte de sa production agricole. À cet égard, les systèmes agroforestiers ont été proposés comme méthode alternative de production durable. Cet article présente une comparaison entre les systèmes agricoles conventionnels et les systèmes agroforestiers enrichis de Camotán et Jocotán. Les résultats montrent que le système agroforestier enrichi contribue à 65 % du bois-énergie contre 7 % pour le système conventionnel. Les familles utilisant le système agricole conventionnel ont extrait 81 % de leur bois-énergie de la forêt, alors que les familles utilisant le système agroforestier enrichi n’en ont extrait que 32 %. Le bois-énergie produit par le système agroforestier enrichi offre un avantage supplémentaire aux femmes, aux enfants et aux jeunes, qui sont chargés de transporter les fagots, car ils n’ont pas à parcourir de longues distances pour approvisionner le foyer. Les familles ont construit et adapté des connaissances empiriques sur la gestion des arbres dans leurs systèmes de culture. Le système agroforestier enrichi est donc présenté comme une solution potentielle pour répondre à la demande annuelle de bois-énergie. La sécurité foncière influence la décision des familles rurales d’investir ou d’innover. Les systèmes agroforestiers jouent un rôle clef dans l’augmentation des ressources et l’amélioration de la qualité de vie.
Écologie et connaissances ethnozoologiques du porc-épic à crête (Hystrix cristata Linnaeus, 1758) dans les réserves de biosphère de la Pendjari et du W au Bénin
Authors: Mouzoun Séraphin
Published: May 2019

Le porc-épic à crête (Hystrix cristata Linnaeus, 1758), espèce nocturne de la famille des hystricidés, est le plus gros des rongeurs du Bénin, discret et peu connu. Il est menacé de disparition à cause des pressions (chasse, destruction des habitats). La présente étude s’est concentrée sur l’écologie de l’espèce et les connaissances endogènes des populations riveraines des réserves de biosphère de la Pendjari et du W du Bénin et leur périphérie. Cette thèse vise à identifier les facteurs environnementaux qui influencent la sélection de l’habitat par l’espèce ainsi qu’à apprécier l’importance socioculturelle de l’espèce au sein des communautés locales. La méthodologie était la description de l’habitat, l’inventaire de H. cristata et l’estimation de l’abondance relative par le suivi des traces. Dans ces réserves, l’inventaire de H. cristata a été réalisé à travers la méthode de la « marche de reconnaissance guidée », basée sur les indices de présence. Des visites systématiques dans les milieux indiqués par les informateurs, ainsi que des tournées nocturnes ont été effectuées. Les données ethnozoologiques ont été collectées par le biais d’entretiens individuels auprès de 260 personnes – pêcheurs, chasseurs, tradithérapeutes, exploitants agricoles. – dans 10 villages riverains. L’étude a combiné des données sur l’habitat, les menaces, les relations socio-économiques et le régime alimentaire. La distribution de H. cristata est corrélée avec les types de sol et de végétation. Ceux-ci ont un effet très marqué et déterminant sur la présence de l’espèce dans un milieu. La savane arbustive (47,6 % des sites d’occurrence) et la formation saxicole (37,0 %) sont davantage préférées par l’espèce que la savane arborée (12,1 %) et la galerie forestière (3,3 %). Ces résultats confirment l’existence d’un gradient écologique. Le test de Kruskal-Wallis réalisé indique une différence significative de ces préférences (p = 0,002). L’indice de comptage kilométrique calculé est de 2,85 indices/km. L’espèce évite les altitudes. Quatre catégories d’utilisation de l’espèce sont notées : la plus importante est l’alimentation (100 % des citations), suivie de la pharmacopée (60,3 %), du commerce (24,0 %) et de l’ornement (13,1 %). L’espèce est chassée essentiellement pour la consommation au sein du ménage. Le braconnage est la principale pression exercée sur l’espèce. Des actions sont proposées pour sa conservation et sa préservation.
Garam Indonesia Berkualitas: Studi Kandungan Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) Pada Garam
[The Quality of Indonesia Salt: Study of Heavy Metal Lead (Pb) Levels in the Salt]
Authors: Samsiyah Nurus , Moelyaningrum Anita Dewi , Ningrum Prehatin Trirahayu
Published: May 2019

AbstrakKualitas garam sangat ditentukan oleh perlakuan dan penanganan yang diberikan pada saat pra produksi, proses produksi maupun pasca produksi. Kontaminan Pb dalam garam dapat bersumber dari lingkungan perairan laut sebagai bahan baku, tanah sebagai media / tempat produksi garam dan lingkungan udara dimana proses produksi garam berlangsung di lahan terbuka. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kadar logam berat timbal (Pb) dalam garam di Kabupaten Pamekasan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah jenis deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian melalui observasi dan wawancara. Hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata kadar logam berat timbal (Pb) di Kabupaten Pamekasan masih di bawah batas maksimum yang telah ditentukan dalam SNI 3556-2010 dan SNI 7387-2009 yaitu <10 ppm dengan kadar Pb terendah 0,066 ppm dan tertinggi 0,162 ppm. Proses produksi garam kurang sesuai dengan standar yang telah ditetapkan. Oleh karena itu, perlunya penangangan yang baik pada pra produksi, proses produksi hingga pasca produksi pembuatan garam agar kadar Pb tidak meningkat.AbstractThe quality of salt is very determined by the treatment and handling given during the pre-production, production and post-production processes. Pb contamination in salt can be sourced from the marine environment as raw material in the process of making salt, the soil environment as a medium / place of salt production and the air environment where the salt production process takes place in an open area. The aim of research was to analyze levels of lead heavy metals (Pb) of salt in Pamekasan Regency. This research is a descriptive analysis. The techniques of data collecting of this research are observation and interview. Observations indicate that the average level of heavy metal lead (Pb) in Pamekasan regency is still below the maximum limit specified in SNI 3556-2010 and SNI 7387-2009 is <10 ppm which is the lowest grade of 0.066 ppm and grade the highest is 0.162 ppm. The salt production process is not in accordance with established standards The Therefore, the need for good handling in pre-production, production processes to post-production of salt production so that Pb levels do not increase.
Penggunaan Khamir Laut Dalam Pakan Anguilla bicolor Terhadap Retensi Lemak dan Daya Cerna Energi
[The Effect of Use of Sea Yeast in Feed Anguilla bicolor Against Fat Retention and Energy Di gestion]
Authors: Manik Ria Retno
Published: May 2019

AbstrakIkan sidat merupakan ikan konsumsi penting. Khamir laut (marine yeast) merupakan organisme seluler dari golongan jamur, bersifat kemoorganotrof, bereproduksi seksual dengan spora dan aseksual dengan pertunasan atau pembelahan. Percobaan ini menggunakan substitusi (A) 0% khamir laut (B) 5% khamir laut utuh (C) 5% khamir laut dipecah dan (D) 5% khamir laut direduksi. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji sidik ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil terbaik pada perlakuan D menunjukkan retensi lemak 24,88% dan daya cerna energy 69,74%. AbstractEel is an important consumption fish. Marine yeast (cellular yeast) is a cellular organism of the fungal group, which is chemoorganotrophic, reproduces sexually with spores and asexual with spreading or cleavage. This experiment uses substitution (A) 0% sea yeast (B) 5% whole sea yeast (C)5% broken sea yeast and (D) 5% reduced sea yeast. Data were analyzed by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and followed by the Smallest Significantly Difference Test (LSD). The best results on treatment D showed fat retention of 24.88% and energy digestibility of 69.74%.
Pengaruh Suhu Penyimpanan Terhadap Kerusakan Spora Myxobolus koi
[The Effect of Storage Temperature in Myxobolus koi Spore Damage]
Authors: Mahasri Gunanti , Putra Perdana Titom Gusmana , Kusnoto Kusnoto
Published: May 2019

AbstrakSpora Myxobolus koi dapat mengalami kerusakan apabila disimpan dalam kondisi penyimpanan yang kurang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu penyimpanan terhadap kerusakan spora Myxobolus koi serta untuk mengetahui suhu optimum untuk penyimpanannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) sebagai rancangan percobaan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah penyimpanan spora Myxobolus koi pada suhu kamar (28-34) oC, Refrigerator (2-4) oC, dan Freezer (-5 hingga -10) oC, dengan ulangan sebanyak 6 kali. Penyimpanan ini dilakukan selama 30 hari. Parameter utama yang diamati adalah prosentase spora Myxobolus koi yang rusak. Parameter penunjang yang diamati adalah tipe kerusakan spora Myxobolus koi. Analisis data menggunakan ANAVA (Analisis Varian) dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan untuk mengetahui suhu optimum untuk penyimpanan spora Myxobolus koi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa peyimpanan pada suhu yang berbeda berpengaruh terhadap prosentase kerusakan spora Myxobolus koi. Kerusakan spora Myxobolus koi tertinggi terjadi pada suhu kamar (28-34) oC mencapai angka 68,91% dan nilai kerusakan terrendah terjadi pada refrigerator (2-4) oC yaitu 29,91%. Spora Myxobolus koi dapat disimpan pada refrigerator dan lemari pembeku. AbstractMyxobolus koi spores can be damaged if stored in poor conditions. This study aimed to determine the effect of storage temperature on Myxobolus koi spores and to determine the optimum temperature for storage. This research was conducted using a completely randomized design method (CRD) as an experimental design. The treatments used were storaged Myxobolus koi spores at room temperature (28-34oC), Refrigerator (2-4oC), and Freezers (-5 to -10oC), with replications 6 times. This storage was carried out for 30 days. The main parameter observed was the percentage of damaged Myxobolus koi spores. The supporting parameters observed were the type of Myxobolus koi spore damage. Data analysis using ANAVA (Analysis of Variance) and continued with Duncan’s Multiple Distance Test to find out the optimum temperature for storage of Myxobolus koi spores. Based on the results of the study, it was found that storage at different temperatures affected the percentage of damage to Myxobolus koi spores. The highest damage of Myxobolus koi spores occurred at room temperature (28-34oC) reaching 68.91% and the lowest damage value occurred at refrigerator (2-4oC) which was 29.91%. Myxobolus koi spores can be stored in a refrigerator and freezer
Decision Support System for Classification of Early Childhood Diseases Using Principal Component Analysis and K-Nearest Neighbors Classifier
Authors: Dananjaya Damar , Werdiningsih Indah , Semiati Rini
Published: May 2019

Background: Data on early childhood disease collected in clinics has accumulated into big data. Those data can be used for classification of early childhood diseases to help medical staff in diagnosing diseases that attack early childhoods.Objective: This study aims to apply Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) Classifier for the classification of early childhood diseases.Methods: Data analysis was performed using PCA to obtain variables that had a major influence on the classification of early childhood diseases. PCA was done by observing the correlation between variables and eliminating variables that have little influence on classification. Furthermore, data on early childhood disease was classified using the K-Nearest Neighbor Classifier method.Results:  The results of system evaluation using 150 test data indicated that the classification system by applying PCA and KNN Classifier had an accuracy value of 86%.Conclusion: PCA can be used to reduce the number of variables involved so that it can improve system performance in terms of efficiency. In addition, the application of PCA and KNN can also improve accuracy in the classification of early childhood diseases.
Light-Induced Stress as a Primary Evolutionary Driver of Eye Origins
Authors: Swafford Andrew J. M. , Oakley Todd H.
Published: May 2019

Eyes are quintessential complex traits and our understanding of their evolution guides models of trait evolution in general. A long-standing account of eye evolution argues natural selection favors morphological variations that allow increased functionality for sensing light (Darwin 1859; v. Salvini-Plawen and Mayr 1977; Nilsson and Pelger 1994; Nilsson 2013). While certainly true in part, this focus on visual performance does not entirely explain why diffuse photosensitivity persists even after eyes evolve, or why eyes evolved many times, each time using similar building blocks. Here we briefly review a vast literature indicating most genetic components of eyes historically responded to stress caused directly by light, including UV damage of DNA, oxidative stress, and production of aldehydes. We propose light-induced stress had a direct and prominent role in the evolution of eyes by bringing together genes to repair and prevent damage from light-stress, both before and during the evolution of eyes themselves. Stress-repair and stress-prevention genes were perhaps originally deployed as plastic responses to light and/or as beneficial mutations genetically driving expression where light was prominent. These stress-response genes sense, shield, and refract light but only as reactions to ongoing light stress. Once under regulatory-genetic control, they could be expressed before light stress appeared, evolve as a module, and be influenced by natural selection to increase functionality for sensing light, ultimately leading to complex eyes and behaviors. Recognizing the potentially prominent role of stress in eye evolution invites discussions of plasticity and assimilation and provides a hypothesis for why similar genes are repeatedly used in convergent eyes. Broadening the drivers of eye evolution encourages consideration of multi-faceted mechanisms of plasticity/assimilation and mutation/selection for complex novelties and innovations in general.
Enabling a Conversation Across Scholarly Monographs through Open Annotation
Authors: Bertino Andrea C. , Staines Heather
Published: May 2019

The digital format opens up new possibilities for interaction with monographic publications. In particular, annotation tools make it possible to broaden the discussion on the content of a book, to suggest new ideas, to report errors or inaccuracies, and to conduct open peer reviews. However, this requires the support of the users who might not yet be familiar with the annotation of digital documents. This paper will give concrete examples and recommendations for exploiting the potential of annotation in academic research and teaching. After presenting the annotation tool of Hypothesis, the article focuses on its use in the context of HIRMEOS (High Integration of Research Monographs in the European Open Science Infrastructure), a project aimed to improve the Open Access digital monograph. The general line and the aims of a post-peer review experiment with the annotation tool, as well as its usage in didactic activities concerning monographic publications are presented and proposed as potential best practices for similar annotation activities.
Green Energy Potential from the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste in Malaysia
Authors: Zulkifli Ahmad Aiman , Mohd Yusoff Mohd Zulkhairi , Abd Manaf Latifah , Zakaria Mohd Rafein , Roslan Ahmad Muhaimin , Ariffin Hidayah , Shirai Yoshihito , Hassan Mohd Ali
Published: May 2019

Global waste generation keeps increasing over the year and requires innovative solutions to minimize their impacts on environmental quality and public health. Predicted 2.2 billion tonnes per year of global municipal waste generation in the year 2025 which 1.6 fold is higher than in 2012. Hence, a strategic plan must be ascertained to overcome the future challenges of MSW locally and globally. Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) coined an initiative to demonstrate a showcase pilot plant for green energy production from MSW. Therefore, the data was obtained from the survey and actual sampling within the UPM compound to estimate the MSW generated and it's potentially used for green energy production. It is estimated that 5.0 – 7.0 tonne per day of MSW generated which about 30 - 35% is an organic fraction. Upon separation, the organic fractions were digested into biogas through anaerobic. At the maximum conversion of organic fraction, about 775 kWh of electricity may able to generate from the waste. In this study, the complete biorefinery setup and utilize organic components from the MSW generated in UPM was proposed that the biogas subsequently will be used to produce green energy in the form of electricity or cooking fuel.
Relationships between Middle School Students’ Smartphone dependency and Aggression: Mediating and Moderating Effects of Ego-Resilience, Parenting Behavior and Peer Attachment
Authors: Um Youn-Joo , Choi Yun-Jung , Yoo So Yeon
Published: May 2019

This study was conducted to examine the moderating and mediating effect of ego - resilience, parenting attitude, and peer attachment in the relation between smartphone dependency and aggression. Participants were 1,863 youths using a smartphone among the first middle school students responded in the 7th Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute in Korea. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, a correlation, and a hierarchical regression analysis. First, ego-resilience showed a partial mediating effect on the relationship between smartphone dependency, aggression and significant moderating effects were revealed. Second, parenting behavior showed a partial mediating effect on the relationship between smartphone dependency and aggression, with no moderating effects seen. Third, peer attachment had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between smartphone dependency and aggression, with no moderating effects seen. The research suggested the mental health and growth of students could be improved by applying various nursing and health care programs to improve ego-resilience, parenting behavior and peer attachment as they grow into adulthood.
Pengaruh Pemberian Limbah Penetasan Yang Diolah Dengan Mineral Pengikat Bentonite Terhadap Performans Produksi Ayam Kampung Super
Authors: Sulistyanto Bambang , Sumarsih Sri , Utama Cahya Setya
Published: May 2019

Pengolahan limbah penetasan dengan bentonite menujukkan kelayakan dan keamanan secara kimia maupun mikrobiologisnya sebagai sumber pakan alternatif. Untuk melengkapi dasar kajian pemanfaatan limbah penetasan terolah sebagai bahan pakan alternative ternak lokal, penelitian ini dilakukan. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan  rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial 2 x 4 x 2, faktor pertaman adalah mineral pengikat bentonite 3 dan 4%, level penggunaan limbah penetasan terolah 0,10, 20 dan 30% sebagai faktor ke dua dan umur ayam 2  dan 4 minggu sebagai faktor ke tiga, masing-masing diulang 3 kali dengan 5 unit percobaan setiap ulangan. Hasil penelitian meninjukkan, penggunaan bentonite 4 % dalam pengolahan limbah penetasan dan aras penggunaan limbah penetasan dalam ransum, tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan ayam (P>0.05). Pengaruh nyata penggunaan bentonite, maupun aras penggunaan limbah penetasan terolah mampak nyata ketika berinteraksi dengan umur ayam (p<0.05). Rata-rata bobot badan dan pertambahan bobot harian tertinggi pada ransum kontrol pada semua umur, dan terendah pada ransum dengan 30% limbah penetasan yang diolah dengan bentonite 4%. Hal yang sama diperlihatkan pada nilai konversi pakan, nilai tertinggi dicapai pada ayam umur 4 minggu dengan ransum 30% limbah penetasan yang diolah dengan bentonite 4%. Disimpulkan bahwa hasil pengolahan limbah penetasan dengan 4% bentonite layak digunakan pada ayam umur lebih dari 2 minggu, dan penggunaan limbah penetasan terolah dalam ransum tidak lebih dari 20%.
Üniversitelerin Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bölümlerinde Okuyan Engelli Öğrencilerin Uyum Düzeyleri ve Beklentileri
Authors: NAMLI Sevinç , SUVEREN Sibel
Published: May 2019

Bu araştırma, beden eğitimi ve spor
bölümlerinde okuyan engelli öğrencilerin bölümlerine uyumlarını ve
beklentilerini tespit etmeye yöneliktir. Nicel ve nitel yaklaşımların bir arada
kullanıldığı, karma yaklaşım desenlerinden Açımlayıcı Sıralı Desen ile kurgulanan
araştırma, 2015-2016 Eğitim-Öğretim yılında Türkiye genelindeki 21
üniversitenin Beden eğitimi ve spor bölümlerinde öğrenim gören tüm engelli
öğrencilerin katılımıyla gerçekleşmiştir. Araştırmanın nicel bölümüne, 27’si
görme engelli, 9’u işitme engelli, 38 ‘i bedensel engelli olmak üzere 71
öğrenci katılmıştır. Nitel bölümde ise, 4 görme, 3 işitme ve 4 bedensel engelli
olmak üzere toplam 11 öğrenci katılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak “Beden
Eğitimi ve Spor Bölümlerinde Okuyan Engelli Öğrencilerin Uyum Ölçeği’’ ve “Yarı
Yapılandırılmış Görüşme Formu” kullanılmıştır. Görme engelli ve bedensel
engelli katılımcılar fiziksel alanların düzenlenmesi, uygulamalı derslerdeki
sorunları ön plana çıkarken, işitme engelli katılımcıların kuramsal derslerde
sorun yaşadıkları tespit edilmiştir. Öğretim elemanlarının derslerde
kendilerine daha fazla zaman ayırması gibi ortak beklentilerinin olduğu
belirlenmiştir.
Facilitating radar precipitation data processing, assessment and analysis: a GIS-compatible python approach
Authors: Kreklow Jennifer
Published: May 2019

A review of existing tools for radar data processing revealed a lack of open source software for automated processing, assessment and analysis of weather radar composites. The ArcGIS-compatible Python package radproc attempts to reduce this gap. Radproc provides an automated raw data processing workflow for nationwide, freely available German weather radar climatology (RADKLIM) and operational (RADOLAN) composite products. Raw data are converted into a uniform HDF5 file structure used by radproc's analysis and data quality assessment functions. This enables transferability of the developed analysis and export functionality to other gridded or point-scale precipitation data. Thus, radproc can be extended by additional import routines to support any other German or non-German precipitation dataset. Analysis methods include temporal aggregations, detection of heavy rainfall and an automated processing of rain gauge point data into the same HDF5 format for comparison to gridded radar data. A set of functions for data exchange with ArcGIS allows for visualisation and further geospatial analysis. The application on a 17-year time series of hourly RADKLIM data showed that radproc greatly facilitates radar data processing and analysis by avoiding manual programming work and helps to lower the barrier for non-specialists to work with these novel radar climatology datasets.
Enhanced Fenton-like oxidation of hydroxypropyl guar gum catalyzed by EDTA-metal complexes in a wide pH range
Authors: Tang Ying , Liu Huan , Zhou Ling , Ren Haomiao , Li Hong , Zhang Jie , Chen Gang , Qu Chengtun
Published: May 2019

A series of EDTA-metal complexes was prepared for the Fenton oxidation catalysts and Fe(II)L exhibits high catalytic performance for degradation of hydroxypropyl guar gum in a wide pH range 7.0–13.0. The viscosity of hydroxypropyl guar gum can be reduced with the 10.0% H2O2 and 5.0% Fe(II)L. The viscosity average molecular weight of hydroxypropyl guar gum was decreased from almost 2 million to 3,199. Most important of all, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) value can be decreased to 104 mg/L from 8,080 mg/L with enough H2O2, and Fe(II)L also shows great catalytic ability in the degradation of various polymers by H2O2. The proposed mechanism of the activation of H2O2 by the complex was studied.
Characterization of ultraviolet-modified biochar from different feedstocks for enhanced removal of hexavalent chromium from water
Authors: Peng Zhongya , Liu Xiaomei , Chen Hongkun , Liu Qinglong , Tang Jingchun
Published: May 2019

Biochars produced from different feedstocks via pyrolytic carbonization and ultraviolet (UV) modification were used as alternative adsorbents for aqueous hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) remediation. Structural and morphological analysis showed that UV irradiation increased the surface area of biochar and added a large amount of oxygen-containing functional groups on the biochar's surface, resulting in about 2–5 times increase of Cr(VI) removing capacity (14.39–20.04 mg/g) compared to that of unmodified biochars (3.60–8.43 mg/g). The sorption ability among different feedstocks after modification was as follows: corn stack > sawdust > wheat straw. The adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm data agreed well with the pseudo-second-order model and Freundlich model, respectively. Experimental and modeling results suggested that the oxygen-containing functional groups and surface areas of biochars were notably increased after UV irradiation, which was mainly governed by surface complexation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed that reduction occurred during Cr(VI) adsorption. In addition, UV irradiation significantly increased the concentration of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in biochars. The collected outcomes showed that UV-modified biochar was a good material for the removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous medium. The excellent adsorption capacity, environmental-friendly and low cost properties made the novel material an auspicious candidate for environmental remediation.
Study of the spatiotemporal correlation between sediment-related blockage events in the sewer system in Bogotá (Colombia)
Authors: Pulido Eliana Soriano , Arboleda Carlos Valencia , Rodríguez Sánchez Juan Pablo
Published: May 2019

The planning and scheduling of maintenance operations of large conventional sewer systems generate a complex decision-making environment due to the difficulty in the collection and analysis of the spatiotemporal information about the operational and structural condition of their components (e.g. pipes, gully pots and manholes). As such, water utilities generally carry out these operations following a corrective approach. This paper studies the impact of the spatiotemporal correlation between these failure events using Log-Gaussian Cox Process (LGCP) models. In addition, the association of failure events to physical and environmental covariates was assessed. The proposed methods were applied to analyze sediment-related blockages in the sewer system of an operative zone in Bogotá (Colombia). The results of this research allowed the identification of significant covariates that were further used to model spatiotemporal clusters with high sediment-related failure risk in sewer systems. The LGCP model proved to be more accurate in comparison to those models that build upon a fundamental assumption that a failure is equally likely to occur at any time regardless of the state of the system and the system's history of failures (i.e. a homogeneous Poisson process model).
Priority-based Task Pre-processing in IoT Sensory Environments
Authors: Rajendranath U.N.V.P. , Hency Victor B.
Published: May 2019

Background:

The motive of the Internet of Things (IoT) is to monitor and to control the
devices that are connected to the internet. In IoT sensory environments, the application queries for the
physical quantities in the spatiotemporal domain. The interaction between the sensors and the applications
from the internet is the next big thing in the era of the internet of things. To minimise the resource
utilisation, task scheduling mechanisms are implemented to the network.

Methods:

The PRITRAPS (Priority-based Task aware Pre-processing and Scheduling) is a mechanism
that is employed in real time scenarios of industries. In which different applications units are accessing
the gateway unit to measure and monitor the parameters of different service types.
PRITRAPS employs priority among the tasks to reduce the network load.

Results:

The QoS parameters of the system are analysed and compared with the previous methodologies.
The PRITRAPS mechanism consists of a task pre-processor unit, Scheduler and EMS module
within the gateway unit. The scheduling algorithm employed in PRITRAPS is EDF (Earliest Deadline
First) algorithm. The pre-processing task unit decreases the number of tasks by choosing the tasks
having similar spatial and temporal requirements. The residual energy of the sensor nodes can help
the scheduler for deciding the sensor nodes in respective of task requirements. The scheduler finds the
best potential nodes and assigns them to the task for processing.

Conclusion:

To reduce the tasks arrivals at the wireless sensor unit, a priority based CCTs (Critical
Covering Task sets) is proposed, and it effectively reduces the packet congestion and network overload.
The results obtained are satisfactory and proven that PRITRAPS outperform TRAPS in energy
consumption of a node by processing the tasks on the node. PRITRAPS require only 50 % of the time
that has been taken by TRAPS for serving the tasks. The PRITRAPS mechanism is implemented in
NS3 simulator and tested for different task sets.
Baseline Assessment of Knowledge of Home Based Carers for People with Diabetes in a Rural Village in South Africa: A Quantitative Study
Authors: Bopape Mamare , Mothiba Tebogo , Mutambudzi Miriam , Wens Johan , Bastiaens Hilde
Published: May 2019

Background:

In South Africa, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a significant health problem causing disability and premature death. Home Based Carers (HBCs) who care for T2DM patients in a rural village in South Africa lack formal training, which may result in knowledge deficits on the provision of care.

Objective:

To describe knowledge of HBCs who care for T2DM patients in a rural village in South Africa.

Methods:

A self-administered questionnaire with closed-ended questions was used. The questionnaire included seven questions to assess biographic characteristics, 13 self-test statements to assess actual common practices and 29 statements to test diabetes knowledge. Data were captured and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24.

Results:

More than 60% of the HBCs' had between 5 and 10 years of experience with a mean of 9 years. Eighty-nine percent (89%) of HBCs had some kind of secondary education but 89% never attended an in-service training on T2DM. Only 27% of HBCs agreed with the statement they could instruct people with diabetes on daily personal care and 11% agreed they could identify the normal ranges of blood glucose. Where 57% of the respondents agreed with the statement they could not perform one method of blood glucose control, 1 out of 3 (32%) agreed with the statement they could not instruct people with diabetes on self-care management for a sick day. The results revealed that there was no significant relationship (rho= .055, N = 53, p = 0.69) between HBCs years of experience and knowledge scores.

Conclusion:

The study showed that HBCs who care for people with diabetes lack knowledge with regard to diabetes mellitus. Therefore, people with diabetes in a rural village in South Africa are not managed well and there is a need for training of HBCs on T2DM.
Nocella II, A. J.; Sorenson, J.; Socha, K. e Matsuoka, A. (Eds.) (2014). Defining critical animal studies: An intersectional social justice approach for liberation. Nova Iorque: Peter Lang
Authors: Santos Anabela
Published: May 2019

No volume “Defining Critical Animal Studies: An Intersectional Social Justice Approach for Liberation”, Anthony J. Nocella II, John Sorenson, Kim Socha e Atsuko Matsuoka apresentam...
O (des)conhecimento recíproco dos investigadores ibero-americanos de Ciências da Comunicação
Authors: Serra Paulo
Published: May 2019

Este texto apresenta e discute os resultados da análise de conteúdo realizada a uma amostra de revistas de Ciências da Comunicação de Portugal, do Brasil e de Espanha e cujo objetivo consistiu em avaliar o grau de conhecimento – ou desconhecimento - mútuo dos investigadores daqueles três países. Essa análise incidiu, nomeadamente, na nacionalidade dos autores que publicaram artigos nessas revistas e dos outros autores que indicaram como referências nesses artigos.
Kracauer, S. (2015). Os empregados. Lisboa: Antígona.
Authors: Ribeiro Rita
Published: May 2019

Quando Siegfried Kracauer, intelectual alemão que viveu entre 1889 e 1966, escreveu Os Empregados, o mundo estava às portas de uma fatídica década de recessão...
A mutação visual do mundo social
Authors: La Rocca Fabio
Published: May 2019

Como podemos ver o mundo na sociedade contemporânea? Qual é o papel da visão e das imagens? Nós necessitamos de refletir sobre a nossa época através da hipótese de que nós vivemos numa nova espécie de civilização de imagens onde a vida social é sempre mais condicionada por uma presença e uso massivo de imagens que modificam a conceção fenomenológica da realidade.
Maratonas de vídeo e a nova forma dominante de se consumir e produzir séries de televisão
Authors: Rezende Humberto de Campos , Gomide João Victor Boechat
Published: May 2019

Esse artigo analisa o binge watching, ou maratona de mídia, e os estudos de compulsão no consumo de mídia televisiva, e discute como a popularização desse comportamento vem modificando o modelo de se produzir conteúdo para televisão. Esse fenômeno começou timidamente com o videocassete e algumas programações especiais de canais de televisão a cabo, e hoje acontece de forma explosiva na transmissão de vídeo pela internet, provocando uma nova forma de produzir e consumir a cultura visual, em telas de televisão ou monitores de computador, smartphones e tablets. O Netflix e o YouTube são os principais expoentes na produção e distribuição de conteúdo voltado para o engajamento da audiência com aspectos viciantes, em um novo paradigma de distribuição da programação, por demandas individuais do espectador. Isso tem impactado especialmente na produção de séries da teledramaturgia, onde a narrativa se reestrutura com as novas perspectivas abertas pela tecnologia, buscando diferentes estratégias, tanto para a televisão broadcast quanto para a distribuição ponto a ponto, em ressonância com esse comportamento contemporâneo, como é abordado nesse trabalho.
Artefacto computacional: elemento central na prática artística em arte e cultura digital
Authors: Marcos Adérito Fernandes
Published: May 2019

É discutida a emergência da arte digital e das suas diversas variantes tais como a arte computacional e a média-arte digital. E de como esta forma de expressão artística e cultural se vem afirmando numa contemporaneidade caracterizada pela revolução tecnológica digital. É analisada a natureza da criação e fruição da arte e cultural digital, as práticas artísticas relacionadas e como nestas, o artefacto computacional assume um papel central. Apresentam-se, em contexto, exemplos de artefactos, promovendo-se a sua recensão à luz da arte e cultura digital contemporânea, enquanto se discutem alguns elementos de uma estética dos artefactos computacionais.
Museu da Pessoa: uma experiência virtual de valorização e resgate das histórias de vida
Authors: Magalhães Anna Clara Marotti , Dias Leticia Maia
Published: May 2019

Este artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre os novos tipos de museus, principalmente voltados para a questão dos museus virtuais. Neste sentido, apresentamos como exemplo o Museu da Pessoa, que está totalmente inserido neste contexto, uma vez que desde a sua criação nasceu enquanto uma expressão viva de uma cultura visual digital em desenvolvimento, em que o acervo é composto por histórias de vida contadas voluntariamente por toda e qualquer pessoa. Posto isto, este museu ganha uma grande relevância no seio da sociedade brasileira, dado que através dele é possível trabalhar sob a perspectiva da Educação Patrimonial, valorizando o discurso oral e salvaguardando a memória e a identidade sociocultural de segmentos populacionais que durante muito tempo estiveram à margem, atribuindo sua real importância enquanto detentores do patrimônio.
O eterno exercício experimental...
Authors: Toledo Jeanine
Published: May 2019

Fico pensando qual o papel do artista na contemporaneidade, isto é, qual o seu comportamento perante as exigências do mundo atual?...
Bredekamp, H. (2015). Teoria do acto icónico. Lisboa: KKYM
Authors: Macedo Isabel
Published: May 2019

Historiador de arte, Horst Bredekamp (Kiel, 1947) é professor na Universidade Humboldt, membro permanente do Instituto de Estudos Avançados de Berlim...
Democracia e diversidade cultural
Authors: Serra Paulo , Serra Bruno
Published: May 2019

Com o dito latino Hic rhodus hic saltus, referido no prefácio da sua Filosofia do Direito, pretendia Hegel sublinhar que cabe à filosofia estudar o que é, o real, e não o que deveria ser. Nos anos 60 do século XX, o real era, para os estudos culturais ingleses, a revolução cultural em curso desde os finais da II Guerra Mundial, e que tornava crucial o estudo de questões como as da relação entre cultura e poder, cultura popular e cultura de massa, homogeneidade cultural e diversidade cultural. As reflexões dos autores dos estudos culturais, ingleses e outos, em relação a estas questões, continuam hoje a ser cruciais e, diríamos mesmo, mais cruciais do que nunca. Partindo do trabalho levado a cabo pelos estudos culturais no domínio da cultura, o presente artigo reflete sobre as condições de uma democracia que respeite a pluralidade e a diferença das culturas, não só a nível do estado nacional, hoje em profunda mudança, mas também a nível mundial/global. De forma algo anacrónica, deixamos Hegel e a sua ancoragem ao real para regressarmos a Kant e ao seu ideal de uma sociedade cosmopolita.
Religião e protoglobalização. A globalização contemporânea como decalque laico da universalização religiosa moderna
Authors: Franco José Eduardo
Published: May 2019

Este estudo exploratório pretende analisar como determinados axiomas teológicos bíblicos forneceram fundamentos para o ideário universalista do cristianismo como primeira religiosa com um horizonte expansionista à escala global. À luz desta perspetiva teórica situada no perímetro epistemológico da história religiosa, do imaginário e das mentalidades, podemos problematizar o fenómeno da protoglobalização que emerge na Época Moderna como tendo, na sua raiz, um móbil religioso, como religiosas são a sua legitimação e explicação. E foi ainda do meio religioso que surgiram os primeiros instrumentos e soluções globais para atender aos desafios trazidos pelo processo de conhecimento do mundo, em que os povos abriam as portas para serem conhecidos e receberem, em paz ou em guerra, as interinfluências dessa abertura. Esquecemos, em grande medida, o tempo seminal do atribulado início desta globalização que hoje vivenciamos de forma plena, mas não menos atribuladamente. Alguns desses instrumentos criados, com motivação religiosa nos séculos XVI e XVII, para responder ao mundo aberto são hoje reproduzidos, esvaziados desse referente, de modos e por meios variados, de que as multinacionais são a melhor expressão. Mas o processo moderno de secularização acabou por cortar o fio de ligação com o religioso, assumindo um cunho laico e civil.
Tópicos sobre a desumanização tecnológico-mercantil
Authors: Marques Fernando Pereira
Published: May 2019

A espectacularização do poder e do Estado por via dos aparelhos mediáticos, contribui para ocultar a desumanização tecnológico mercantil alimentada pelo sistema económico-financeiro, na atual fase de desenvolvimento do capitalismo. Estes fenómenos marcam a sociedade na sua globalidade e, nomeadamente, o ensino e a cultura que perdem as referências humanísticas para se tornarem instrumentos de reprodução do statu-quo. Mesmo as novas tecnologias da informação e da comunicação que inicialmente se definiam como visando contribuir para a realização dos indivíduos se tornam instrumentos de alienação e de submissão construindo uma meta-realidade. Importa recusar a sobredeterminação da política, da cultura, da educação, da informação e da comunicação pela economia e pela finança fomentando uma nova consciência crítica.
O LAZER E AS TRANSFORMAÇÕES SOCIOCULTURAIS CONTEMPORÂNEAS
Authors: Brasileiro Maria Dilma Simões
Published: May 2019

Este ensaio tem como objetivo compreender as transformações socioculturais vividas na contemporaneidade, e como estas transformações influenciam e são influenciadas pelo trabalho, tempo livre e lazer. Remete para uma introdução na discussão sobre as mudanças de paradigma da modernidade para a pós-modernidade. Posteriormente, para situar esta análise no âmbito do lazer, realizamos um breve percurso na construção sociocultural do lazer, e como esses períodos históricos anteriores influenciam este conceito na contemporaneidade. Apontamos, portanto, para mudanças de paradigma da modernidade para a pós-modernidade, embora ainda não tenhamos condições de avaliar os caminhamos que poderão ser trilhamos por estas mudanças, já que ainda são imprecisas as categorias analíticas construídas para interpretá-las. Podemos sim afirmar que, as vivências humanas experimentadas a partir dos novos contornos socioculturais, favorecem o aparecimento de novos comunitarismos e individualismos, que estão redefinindo e sendo redefinidos, pelo que na contemporaneidade entendemos por trabalho, tempo livre e lazer.
Silva, M. C.; Lima, M. L.; Sobral, J. M.; Araújo, H. & Ribeiro, F. B. (Eds.) (2017). Desigualdades e Políticas de Género. V.N. Famalicão: Húmus.
Authors: Cerqueira Carla
Published: May 2019

Desigualdades e políticas de género é um livro organizado por Manuel Carlos Silva, Maria Luísa Lima, José Manuel Sobral, Helena Araújo e Fernando Bessa Ribeiro, investigadoras/es portuguesas/es de renome nas Ciências Sociais, os quais provêm de disciplinas distintas – Sociologia, Psicologia, Antropologia e Ciências da Educação...
Musicalidades da língua portuguesa: introdução a uma sonoridade fonética e acústica da lusofonia
Authors: Alves Teresa Costa
Published: May 2019

A lusofonia engloba o espaço onde a língua portuguesa é falada e entendida como a língua mãe da comunicação entre os que nele habitam. Trata-se de uma paisagem linguística que contempla sonoridades tão distintas quanto a diversidade dos países que compõem o espaço lusófono. A pluralidade de sotaques e de géneros musicais, produto colonial de um tempo que não ficou apenas na história, reflete uma panóplia de possibilidades auditivas na tentativa de sintetizar uma mediapaisagem sonora da lusofonia. Este espaço de contrastes, tanto do ouvido como da representação dos países de expressão em língua portuguesa nas instâncias lusófonas, é o principal objeto de reflexão deste artigo, num recorte acústico das sonoridades da língua e da música de países de expressão lusófona que têm vindo, ao longo dos tempos e de forma particular, a criar particularidades fonéticas que distinguem os falantes do Português num mundo lusófono de quase 300 milhões de falantes.
O áudio invisível: uma análise ao podcast dos jornais portugueses
Authors: Reis Ana Isabel
Published: May 2019

Desde os primórdios da internet que o som nos conteúdos jornalísticos ocupa um lugar secundário ou acessório. O subaproveitamento do som no ciberjornalismo tem sido reconhecido por académicos e profissionais, e só mais recentemente os jornais portugueses parecem ter-se apercebido das potencialidades do som e começado a produzir conteúdos sonoros exclusivos que distribuem em podcast. Este estudo incide em três jornais portugueses de informação geral (Público, Expresso e Observador), os únicos em que foram encontrados podcasts atualizados. Nesse sentido, serão analisados os produtos sonoros disponibilizados nos respetivos sites dos três jornais, nas suas contas no Soundcloud e no iTunes. O objetivo é caracterizar o áudio em podcast destas publicações para perceber como um jornal em ambiente digital desenvolve produtos sonoros e se contém elementos distintivos que possam revelar uma identidade própria. Perante as possibilidades do aproveitamento do áudio e do podcast uma das conclusões deste estudo é a de que depois de um momento de tímido investimento nos conteúdos áudio, de avanços e recuos na última década, os jornais começaram finalmente, a apostar no som embora ainda de forma exploratória e muito próxima do produto radiofónico.