bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development a new methodology for measuring deep drawing forces based on dimensionless evaluation
Authors: Hajiahmadi Saeed , Elyasi Majid , Shakeri Mohsen
Published: October 2020

In this research work, dimensionless models based on geometric parameters have been developed for the deep drawing process of rectangular cups to reduce the manufacturing costs on a large scale of application in a noticeable way. In the following, geometric parameters were given in dimensionless form by the Π-Buckingham dimensional analysis method and a series of dimensionless groups were found for both circular and rectangular initial blank. To find the best group of dimensionless geometric parameters, different cup scales 1:1, 2:1, 4:1 and 5:1 are evaluated numerically by ABAQUS Finite Element (FE) software, validated by experimental work. After all effective geometric parameters have been analyzed, the best fitting relational model of dimensionless parameters is found for rectangular and circular blank separately. Various thicknesses of St12 sheet metals were used for experimental validation, which were formed at room temperature. Also, results and response parameters were compared in the simulation process, experimental tests and dimensionless models. By looking at the outcomes, it is demonstrated that the geometric qualities of a large scale can be predicted by a small scale, utilizing the proposed dimensionless model. A comparison of the outcomes for dimensionless models and experimental tests shows that proposed dimensionless models have a high degree of precision in determining geometrical parameters and the prediction of drawing force. Furthermore, the dimensionless analysis was generalized to ensure high precision estimation of geometric values for large geometric scales.
Flank wear prediction in tungsten carbide tool using acoustic signal amplitude in conventional turning operation
Authors: Sreeraj PR , Elias Jiju V , Manu R , Mathew Jose
Published: October 2020

A tool wear prediction system that senses the cutting tool wear and allows for the optimum utilization of the tool is a deciding factor in achieving good surface quality of machined products. In recent years, the use of acoustic emission signals that emerged during machining operations has gained great significance in accurately predicting the tool condition. The objective of this work is to determine the variation in acoustic signal characteristics with tool flank wear in conventional turning process using Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT). Unlike the previous works, the experiments in this work were performed after optimizing the distance of the sensor position from the tip of the tool, since the optimum position of the sensor determines the transmission of the acoustic signals with minimum attenuation. The obtained raw signal output of the acoustic sensor is processed using FFT and the spectral analysis of the signal is carried out to determine the frequencies and also the magnitude of signal content at each frequency. This study establishes a correlation between the flank wear and the amplitude of acoustic signals. The model is validated using three sets of experiments at various cutting conditions. The average percentage deviation of the predicted tool wear from the experimental results is found to be 9.97%. This study indicates that the AE signals can be used to model the flank wear progression and can be useful for the accurate flank wear prediction in machining processes.
Fabrication of heat-treated nano-clay-composite for improving high-cycle fatigue properties of AlSiCu aluminum alloy under stress-controlled fully-reversed bending loads
Authors: Sharifi Mohammad Jafar , Azadi Mohammad , Azadi Mahboobeh
Published: October 2020

In the present article, a heat-treated nano-clay-composite was fabricated by stir-casting to improve high-cycle bending fatigue properties of AlSiCu aluminum alloys, which have been widely used in engine cylinder-heads. For such an objective, after ball milling of nano-clay-particles with micro-copper-particles, these coated particles were added to the aluminum melt and cylindrical specimens were stir-casted. Then, fully-reversed stress-controlled fatigue testing was performed on standard samples. In addition, the fracture surface was examined by the field-emission scanning electron microscopy to find failure mechanisms. Obtained results showed that reinforcements, including nano-clay-particles and the heat treatment increased the fatigue lifetime, at least 9%. Such an improvement in the fatigue lifetime was 125% under low values of the stress level. Due to have a proper distribution of nano-particles in the aluminum matrix, the scatter-band for the fatigue lifetime was narrower in the heat-treated nano-composite. The endurance fatigue limit was also improved 30% at 106 cycles, for the heat-treated nano-composite, comparing to the base material. The brittle fracture was observed due to have cleavage and quasi-cleavage marks on the fracture surface for both materials. Micro-cracks were initiated and propagated from Si and intermetallics phases.
Turbulence anisotropy with higher-order moments in flow through passive grid under rigid boundary influence
Authors: Raushan Pankaj Kumar , Singh Santosh Kumar , Debnath Koustuv
Published: October 2020

The investigation presents the estimate of the degree of deviation from the isotropic turbulence in terms of Reynolds stress tensor for grid generated turbulence under the influence of bottom boundary. The turbulence triangle, Eigen values, and the invariant functions are presented at near and far field regions of the grids with different solidity ratio. In addition, the work also deals with the analysis based on third-order moments of the velocity fluctuations and the ratio of momentum flux to the turbulent kinetic energy in the frequency domain. The Reynolds stress anisotropy exposes that the anisotropic invariant maps possess a closed looping trend in the near field region and an open looping trend in the far-field region of the grid. Further, to describe the physical behaviour of the velocity time-series of random fluctuating components in the stream-wise directions, the probability distribution function are estimated and interpreted.
Data-driven performance assessment of multivariable control loops using a modified Hurst exponent–based index
Authors: Khosroshahi Maryam , Poshtan Javad
Published: October 2020

Control system performance assessment is significant, especially in practical applications. One of the most important indices for the performance assessment of control systems is minimum variance. Calculating the minimum variance index in multivariate systems requires prior knowledge of system parameters and models, and is therefore an obstacle in practical applications. In this article, an index is proposed for the performance assessment of multivariate control loops, evaluating the system performance with the minimum variance criterion and using only the system’s routine operation data. This index can quantify the performance using neither any prior knowledge of system parameters nor the system’s optimal operation data. The proposed index is based on the Hurst exponent, a parameter for measuring correlations in time series data. In this article, detrended fluctuation analysis and rescaled range analysis are used to estimate the Hurst exponents of system outputs. Using a combination of these Hurst exponents, an index is defined for the performance assessment of multivariate systems. The results of simulation examples illustrate that the proposed index can assess the performance efficiently.
Inhibition of sphingomyelin synthase 2 relieves hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte injury by reinforcing Nrf2/ARE activation via modulation of GSK-3β
Authors: Jin Aiping , Cheng Haijuan , Xia Lina , Ye Sha , Yang Cuiling
Published: October 2020

Sphingomyelin synthase 2 (SMS2) is a vital contributor to tissue injury and affects various pathological processes. However, whether SMS2 participates in the modulation of cardiac injury in myocardial infarction has not been determined. This study aimed to evaluate the potential role of SMS2 in the regulation of cardiomyocyte injury induced by hypoxia, an in vitro model for studying myocardial infarction. Our data revealed that SMS2 expression was significantly upregulated in cardiomyocytes in response to hypoxia. Loss-of-function experiments revealed that knockdown of SMS2 markedly restored the viability of cardiomyocytes impaired by hypoxia, and attenuated hypoxia-evoked apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. In contrast, cardiomyocytes that highly expressed SMS2 were more sensitive to hypoxia-induced injury. Moreover, SMS2 deficiency enhanced the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling through inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β. Notably, suppression of Nrf2 markedly abrogated SMS2 knockdown-mediated cardioprotective effects on hypoxia-exposed cardiomyocytes. Our results illustrate that downregulation of SMS2 exerts a cardioprotective function by protecting cardiomyocytes from hypoxia-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress through enhancement of Nrf2 activation. Our study indicates a potential role of SMS2 in the modulation of cardiac injury, which may contribute to the progression of myocardial infarction.
Information transparency: How do Department of Library and Information Science students at South Valley University perceive the state’s dealing with the novel coronavirus outbreak?
Authors: Mansour Essam
Published: October 2020

This study proposes to investigate the knowledge and perception of students in the Department of Library and Information Science at South Valley University in Upper Egypt about the state’s dealing with the outbreak of the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19 that has been detected in Egypt in February 2020. A quantitative research approach was adopted in the form of a survey. The target population of the study included students ( N = 295) of the fourth year of Department of Library and Information Science at South Valley University, of which 253 responded to the study questionnaire, representing 85.8% of the total number. The study found that there is no significant relationship between the students’ gender and other variables of the study according to the statistics used. It also showed that the most popular information sources mentioned by Department of Library and Information Science students to get information related to the coronavirus were social media and the Internet/Web. The publication/dissemination of information and its availability were badly perceived by the students. About one-third of them questioned the government’s ability to deal with the novel coronavirus. They highly believe in the role of information transparency in fighting both administrative and human corruption. The students emphasized the citizens’ right to criticize the government when it does not comply with the transparency, as well as the right to access any information owned by it in any formats at any time. They were dissatisfied with the government’s ability to retrieve information, organize, store, have legislations, and own a good database of citizens, as well as its capabilities, in terms of transparency, competence, benevolence, honesty, accuracy, efficiency/effectiveness, practicality, and confidence, in relation to the outbreak of the novel coronavirus. Finally, the study indicated that barriers, such as the spread of administrative and human corruption, security restrictions, and the fragility of the freedom to disclose government information, were highly significant by the surveyed students.
The effect of librarians’ digital skills on technology acceptance in academic libraries in Jordan
Authors: Hamad Faten , Al-Fadel Maha , Fakhouri Hussam
Published: October 2020

Digital skills are necessary to work and manage electronic library infrastructures and services. Accordingly, there is an urgent need for assessing the level of digital skills among librarians at academic libraries in Jordan. It is also important to investigate the influence of digital skills on technology acceptance among librarians in Jordan. A questionnaire was developed and used to collect the required data from university libraries in Jordan. The results indicate a high level of digital skills among the librarians. The result also shows that financial issues are the main challenges that librarians face to obtain the required skills. Most importantly, the level of digital skills positively influences the librarians’ acceptance and use of technology in academic libraries in Jordan. It was noted that factors such as sex, age, experience, specialization, and library type had no effect on the results. Findings of this research will help to explore the skills and competencies needed by information professionals and act as a guideline for competency development and curriculum updates in Librarianship and Information Science schools at an international level.
Mechanical buckling of nanocomposites: Experimental and numerical investigations
Authors: Raphael John , Bhat Arunkumar G , Siby Jackson , Geevarghese Blestin Dino , George Nivish , Chacko Tony
Published: October 2020

The proposed research explores Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube’s (MWCNT’s) effect on the mechanical buckling behavior of glass fiber-enhanced thermosetting composites using UTM and the load vs displacement curve is plotted. Using the inflection point method, the critical buckling load is obtained from the load vs displacement curve for beams with three different volume fractions of MWCNT. The nonlinear finite element method is used to numerically obtain the load vs deflection curve and the numerical results are compared with the experimental results, and a close match is found with the experimental results. It is observed that the nonlinearity associated with the structure can significantly reduce the critical buckling load. The critical buckling load is found to increase and reported a 27.4% increase in buckling load with 0.3 wt.% of MWCNT which could be accounted for the increase in flexural modulus of the material.
Nurses’ attitudes toward female sex workers: A qualitative study
Authors: Ma Haixia , Loke Alice Yuen
Published: October 2020

Background:

Stigma is considered a major barrier to accessing healthcare services by female sex workers. Current knowledge of nurses’ attitudes appears to imply a stigma toward female sex workers. But in-depth understanding of their perceptions is scarce. Furthermore, factors that inform a conceptual understanding of how this occurs are lacking.

Objectives:

The study aimed to explore nurses’ attitudes toward female sex workers and factors affecting caring for female sex workers.

Research design:

This was a qualitative study. A content analysis approach was adopted in analyzing the data.

Participants and research context:

Thirty-three practicing nurses participated in seven semi-structured focus group interviews and three key informants participated in three individual interviews in Hong Kong.

Ethical considerations:

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of one university in Hong Kong.

Findings:

The findings revealed three themes: (1) accept, stigmatize, or against sex work; (2) reluctance, hesitation, or willingness to care for female sex workers; and (3) factors affecting the care of female sex workers.

Discussion and conclusion:

This study found that nurses held different attitudes toward female sex workers, and they experienced feelings of reluctance, hesitation, or willingness to care for female sex workers. Multi-level factors could affect their level of comfort of caring for female sex workers. Intervention should be developed to encourage health professionals to examine their personal views toward female sex workers introspectively, how their attitude may have affected the provision of quality services, and to enhance the provision of sensitive non-discriminative services to female sex workers.
Educational Content in Cross-curricular ESE Teaching and A Model to Discern Teacher’s Teaching Traditions
Authors: Sund Per , Gericke Niklas , Bladh Gabriel
Published: October 2020

According to the curricula in various countries, teachers in the subject areas of science, social science and language are often expected to collaborate on cross-curricular issues such as sustainable development (SD) in the 9-year compulsory school. This study is based in Sweden and investigates teachers’ teaching traditions. The overall aim of this study is to understand what educational content teacher teams can offer students through cross-curricular collaborations. The specific aim in Part 1 of this article is to discern the distribution of teachers’ teaching traditions from different subject areas. Part 2 offers a reflection tool for teachers and teacher teams to discern teaching traditions. The results show that teachers from different subject areas stress different yet complimentary aspects of environmental and sustainability (ESE) teaching. A fair distribution of teaching traditions in a teacher team will offer students better learning opportunities to develop and enhance their action competence for sustainable development.
When the gift is halfhearted: A socio-cultural study of ambivalence in a charity sport event
Authors: Oreg Ayelet , Greenspan Itay , Berger Ida E.
Published: October 2020

Taking a culturally sensitive approach, we set out to explore the social response to, and the cultural adoption of, charity sport events in Israel, where this phenomenon is relatively new and understudied. We show that charity sport events participation is accepted with mixed feelings: participants are motivated by their novice athletic aspirations and love for bike riding, and by their emotional connection to the cause, but at the same time are reluctant to fundraise and donate due to socio-cultural barriers. Using a qualitative, exploratory, single case study design, and relying on the literature of charity sports events, we show that in contrast to the extant distinction between philanthropic givers’ motivations and non-givers’ barriers, participants in charity sport events experience simultaneous motivations for and barriers to their own philanthropic giving. Although they strongly identify with their role as bike riders, and are motivated to take part in a challenging ride, they struggle with the roles of fundraiser and philanthropist that are inherent components of charity sports events. The combination of these experiences yields the experience of ambivalence towards philanthropic giving, which we accordingly term as ambivalent philanthropy.
Implementation Support Skills: Findings From a Systematic Integrative Review
Authors: Albers Bianca , Metz Allison , Burke Katie , Bührmann Leah , Bartley Leah , Driessen Pia , Varsi Cecilie
Published: October 2020

Purpose:

Skills in selecting and designing strategies for implementing research-supported interventions (RSIs) within specific local contexts are important for progressing a wider RSI adoption and application in human and social services. This also applies to a particular role in implementation, the implementation support practitioner (ISP). This study examines which strategies have been reported as being used by ISPs across multiple bodies of research on implementation support and how these strategies were applied in concrete practice settings.

Methods:

A systematic integrative review was conducted. Data analysis utilized the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change compilation of implementation strategies.

Results:

Studies reported on 18 implementation strategies commonly used by different ISPs, who require mastery in selecting, operationalizing, and detailing these. Two further strategies not included in the ERIC compilation could be identified.

Discussion:

Given the use of primarily more feasible implementation support strategies among ISPs, their potential as agents of change may be underutilized.
Qualitative Evaluation of the Implementation of a Care Pathway for Colorectal Cancer Surgery
Authors: van Zelm Ruben , Coeckelberghs Ellen , Aeyels Daan , Sermeus Walter , Wolthuis Albert , Panella Massimiliano , Vanhaecht Kris
Published: October 2020

Colorectal cancer care can be standardized by using enhanced recovery protocols. However, adherence to these protocols varies. Using Medical Research Council (MRC) guidance on process evaluations, we examined the experience of health care professionals in the implementation of a care pathway for colorectal surgery, by describing the intervention, context, implementation, mechanisms, and outcomes. Based on data from semi-structured interviews, we divided respondents into two groups: those who perceived positive outcomes of the implementation and those who perceived no effect. Respondents who perceived positive outcomes reported clinical leadership, use of feedback, positive effects of standardization, and teamwork as factors contributing to positive perceived outcomes. Respondents who perceived no effect reported a lack of organizational support, as well as challenging collaboration and standardization as mechanisms potentially explaining the poorer perception of outcomes. Multiple implementation activities were used, focusing on competence, behavior, or workplace. Our findings suggest that feedback is an important implementation activity.
Parents With Advanced Cancer: Worries About Their Children’s Unspoken Concerns
Authors: Shands Mary Ellen , Lewis Frances Marcus
Published: October 2020

Background:

Parents with advanced cancer struggle initiating conversations with their children about the cancer. When parents do not have the tools to talk with their children, they silently watch their children attempt to navigate their illness but can only wonder but not know what their children are thinking. The objective of the current study is to describe, from parents living with advanced cancer, the worries and concerns parents wonder their child holds, but has not spoken, about the parent’s cancer.

Methods:

Twenty-seven parents with incurable cancer enrolled in a 5 session telephone intervention pilot study during which they were asked, “What questions do you have about what your child is thinking or feeling about the cancer?” Data were transcribed and inductively coded using content analysis methods adapted from grounded theory.

Results:

Analysis yielded 14 categories of parent concerns organized into 6 larger conceptual domains: Being Concerned and Scared about My Cancer; Worrying about Me; Changing How We Talk and Live Day-to-Day; Not Knowing What Will Happen; Having Unanswered Questions about My Cancer; and Understanding My Disease Is Terminal.

Conclusions:

Study results add to our understanding of the magnitude of the emotional burden parents with advanced cancer carry as they struggle to balance their diagnosis and treatment and their life as parents.
Chemotherapy in the Last 30 Days and 14 Days of Life in African Americans With Lung Cancer
Authors: Johnson Lee Ann , Ellis Charles
Published: October 2020

Background:

African Americans with lung cancer are diagnosed at later stages and have high mortality rates. Chemotherapy is considered aggressive treatment near the end of life and prevents enrollment in hospice.

Objectives:

This study explored chemotherapy in the last 30 and 14 days of life among African Americans with lung cancer.

Methods:

A retrospective chart review was used to gather sociodemographic and treatment data on persons newly diagnosed with lung cancer between January 1, 2016 and June 30, 2017. African Americans with a documented date of death were included.

Results:

The mean age (N=74) was 64.0 years, 58.1% were rural dwellers, and 59.5% had Medicare. Most had advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer (Stage IIIB, 18.8%; Stage IV, 46.4%). In this study, 17.6% received chemotherapy in the last 14 days of life and 27.0% received chemotherapy in the last 30 days of life. No significant associations between age, sex, residence (rural vs urban) and receipt of chemotherapy in the last 14 or 30 days of life were found. A significant association was found between type of insurance and chemotherapy in the last 14 or 30 days of life: Medicare was associated with chemotherapy in both last 14 days of life χ2(1) = 4.448, p = .035 and last 30 days of life χ2(1) = 4.773, p = .029. A binomial logistic regression using demographic factors, including insurance, was not significant.

Conclusion:

Our results indicate a need for improvement in the number of individuals who receive chemotherapy in the final month of life.
“We Don’t Need Another One in Our Group”: Racism and Interventions to Promote the Mental Health and Well-Being of Racialized International Students in Business Schools
Authors: Wei ML , Bunjun Benita
Published: October 2020

This article is grounded in the premises that racism is a significant predictor of mental health outcomes and that racialized international students experience a great deal of race-based discriminatory treatment. In highlighting how this takes shape in the context of business schools and describing some pedagogical interventions, our purpose is to invite management educators to reflect upon the ways in which they engage with racialized international students and to encourage educators to cultivate approaches that are relevant to their own specific positionalities and institutions. This is especially important as international students comprise a substantial percentage of total enrollment in many business schools and student health and well-being are intimately tied to academic and achievement outcomes. Pedagogical interventions require an understanding of the precarity and exclusion experienced by students while acknowledging the economic and political power structures that are at play as students move around the world to study in countries such as the United States, Canada, and Australia.
Internship Not Hardship: What Makes Interns in Startup Companies Satisfied?
Authors: Maaravi Yossi , Heller Ben , Hochman Guy , Kanat-Maymon Yaniv
Published: October 2020

Background: Job satisfaction is a key factor in organizational growth and success. Intern satisfaction, on the contrary, has not received much attention, despite its effect on all relevant players. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine factors affecting intern satisfaction in startup companies through the lens of the Job Characteristics Model (JCM) and additional work environment characteristics. Methodology/Approach: A total of 434 undergraduate students—participating in an unpaid internship for 10 weeks—filled out a 20-item survey regarding their experience. Items were designed to measure core job characteristics, the consequent experienced psychological states, work environment characteristics, and participants’ satisfaction. Findings/Conclusions: Factors affecting intern satisfaction corresponded to predictions of the JCM as evidenced by three mediation models. Core job characteristics predicted hypothesized psychological states, which then predicted intern satisfaction. Learning opportunities, supervisor support, and organizational atmosphere contributed significantly in explaining additional satisfaction variance. Implications: Internship programs in startups potentially benefit all sides: students, institutions, and companies. In coordinating and planning these programs, both the universities and the companies would do best to consider the psychological factors that best predict the intern’s satisfaction—feelings of responsibility, meaning, and knowledge of work results—in addition to offering learning opportunities, supervisory support, and a positive organizational atmosphere.
Influence of Affect on Physical Activity: An Integrative Review
Authors: Forster Anna K. , Richards Elizabeth A. , Foli Karen J. , McGowan Bethany , Hass Zachary , Becker Margaret , Miller Ann
Published: October 2020

Affective states, such as feelings of anger and excitement, are linked to health outcomes and behaviors. The benefits of physical activity for individual affect is known; however, how affect influences physical activity participation is less understood. Using Whittemore and Knafl’s framework, this integrative review examines the influence of affect on adult physical activity. using six databases, 19 articles published between 1997 and 2019. Themes found include support for the influence of positive affect on increased physical activity, a temporal aspect of affect, a variety of measurement tools, and varying uses of theoretical frameworks across studies. Advanced practice nurses and registered nurses may improve patient health behaviors, such as physical activity, by incorporating affect-focused assessments. Review findings support consideration of affect in physical activity counseling. Further research using theory-driven methods and consistent affect assessments is needed to test the complex relationship between affect and physical activity.
Hypogonadism: Is It Always Hypogonadotropic in an Adolescent With a Cleft Palate? A Surprising Case of Klinefelter Syndrome
Authors: Özcabı Bahar , Vatansever Meriç , Güven Ayla
Published: October 2020

Pituitary hormone deficiencies may occur in children with midline defects; in these cases, hypogonadism is usually hypogonadotropic. Herein, we report a boy at the age of 13.8 years with mild mental retardation, previously operated for complete cleft palate (isolated) and presented with hypoglycemia due to isolated secondary adrenal insufficiency, who further had a decrease in testicular size with increased follicle-stimulating hormone level (hypergonadotropic hypogonadism) and diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. Klinefelter syndrome in childhood is rarely diagnosed and cases are observed in a wide spectrum. Although some regional duplications of the X chromosome also show midline defects such as spina bifida-neural tube defects, mental retardation, hypopituitarism (mostly growth hormone deficiency); coexistence of Klinefelter syndrome and isolated secondary adrenal deficiency/midline defect in our case may also be coincidental. However, to our knowledge, this is the first case in literature with this association in a patient with a 47, XXY karyotype.
The Culture of Time Inventory: Comparison of Time Attitudes Pertaining to Timed Testing in Russian and American Adults
Authors: Agranovich Anna V. , Melikyan Zarui A. , Panter Abigail T.
Published: October 2020

A measure of time attitudes, Culture of Time Inventory—33 items (COTI-33), was developed and validated in English and Russian on 560 American and 517 Russian respondents. The study aim was to examine and assess culturally relevant time attitudes that may affect performances on timed psychological and neuropsychological tests. A stable and comparable five-factor model emerged across samples, revealing the following dimensions of time attitudes: (1) planning; (2) punctuality; (3) time management; (4) event-time orientation; and (5) time-limited tests. Cultural differences emerged in COTI-33 factor scores where Americans rated planning and punctuality significantly higher than Russians. Discriminant validity of the scale was examined against the Big Five Personality Inventory. COTI-33 was established to have high reliability and construct validity and may serve as a valuable instrument for assessing the influence of time attitudes on timed psychological test performances in both clinical and non-clinical settings.
Capturing Fluctuations in Gendered Cognition With Novel Intensive Longitudinal Measures
Authors: Kelly Dominic P. , Beltz Adriene M.
Published: October 2020

Cognition is often assumed to be stable, but compelling evidence shows that some skills (e.g., working memory) vary. There is limited investigation, however, of variation in gendered cognition, such as spatial skills and verbal recall, potentially because there are no validated measures for intensive longitudinal assessment. The goal of this study was to introduce and validate new 75-occasion measures of three-dimensional mental rotations and delayed paired verbal recall. This was accomplished by studying cognitive fluctuations over 75 days in an intensive longitudinal study of 121 participants, focusing on 54 (27 women) who were matched for gender, age, and language. Results from psychometric analyses suggest that both measures show parallel forms reliability, including expected gender differences, and validity (i.e., performance with respect to a standard measure or item difficulty), although results are more consistent for mental rotations than verbal recall. Results also suggest there are significant daily fluctuations in both mental rotations and verbal recall. Findings encourage future clinical work on the antecedents and consequences of cognitive fluctuations with the newly developed, freely available measures.
If “Black Lives Matter in Literacy Research,” Then Take This Racial Turn: Developing Racial Literacies
Authors: Croom Marcus
Published: October 2020

When I look back before 2020, before the murder of Mr. George Floyd in particular, and think about this special issue, “Black Lives Matter in Literacy Research,” a question comes to my mind: Are we, the field of literacy research, sure that we want to include literacy research among the incalculable responses (already in progress) to racist killings, anti-Blackness, Black living and dying, and ongoing injustices in the United States of America? In other words, will Black human beings matter to our field? With the hope that our field of literacy research is finally taking this racial turn as an institution, I introduce the post-White orientation as well as practice of race theory (PRT) and argue for the lifelong development of racial literacies among fellow literacy researchers. In short, this article is designed to support the development of racial literacies in the field of literacy research with the aim of affecting research, practice, and policy.
No difference in gait pattern between a short collum femoris-preserving and a conventional stem: 44 randomised total hip arthroplasty patients stem evaluated after 2 years
Authors: Zügner Roland , Tranberg Roy , Kärrholm Johan , Puretic Goran , Mohaddes Maziar
Published: October 2020

Background:

The uncemented collum femoris-preserving (CFP) stem offers preservation of the femoral neck and a more conservative soft tissue resection, which may facilitate a more normal walking pattern. We used gait analysis to evaluate if patients operated with a CFP stem showed more favourable hip kinematics and kinetics when compared with a group of patients operated with a conventional uncemented stem.

Methods:

44 patients randomised to receive either a CFP or a Corail stem were studied and were operated using a direct lateral incision. Gait analysis was performed 2 years after the operation with a 12-camera motion capture system and 2 force plates. Hip kinematics and kinetics were analysed and 66 subjects served as controls.

Results:

None of the variables: speed, stride, cadence and stance showed any statistical significant difference between the 2 study groups. Neither did the hip kinematics and kinetics. Compared to controls, patients operated with the CFP stem showed an increased stance (62.5% vs. 61.1%, p < 0.006) and decreased hip abduction (−2.1° vs. −6.5°). Patients operated with the Corail stem showed decreased speed (1.18 vs. 1.23 m/second), and stride length (1.26 vs. 1.33 m), decreased hip extension (−7.5° vs. −12.8°) and range of hip flexion/extension (38° vs. 40.9°), as well as their hip adduction that was increased (6.3° vs. 4°), whereas their hip abduction was reduced (−2.8° vs. −6.5°), ( p < 0.004) compared to the controls.

Conclusions:

Use of a CFP stem did not significantly influence any of the gait parameters studied when compared to a standard stem, but still both stems studied were associated with gait deviations when compared to controls. Whether these differences could be attributed to the stem used, the underlying hip disease, or both is still unknown.
Carcinoid Heart Disease: How to Diagnose and Treat in 2020?
Authors: Bober Barbara , Saracyn Marek , Kołodziej Maciej , Kowalski Łukasz , Deptuła-Krawczyk Elżbieta , Kapusta Waldemar , Kamiński Grzegorz , Mozenska Olga , Bil Jacek
Published: October 2020

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs, originally termed “carcinoids”) create a relatively rare group of neoplasms with an approximate incidence rate of 2.5 to 5 cases per 100 000 persons. Roughly 30% to 40% of subjects with NETs develop carcinoid syndrome (CS), and 20% to 50% of subjects with CS are diagnosed with carcinoid heart disease (CaHD). The long-standing exposure to high serum serotonin concentration is one of the crucial factors in CaHD development. White plaque-like deposits on the endocardial surface of heart structures with valve leaflets and subvalvular apparatus thickening (fused and shortened chordae; thickened papillary muscles) are characteristic for CaHD. NT pro-BNP and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid are the 2 most useful screening markers. Long-acting somatostatin analogs are the standard of care in symptoms control. They are also the first-line treatment for tumor control in subjects with a metastatic somatostatin receptor avid disease. In cases refractory to somatostatin analogs, several options are available. We can increase a somatostatin analog to off-label doses, add telotristat ethyl or administer peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. Cardiac surgery, which mainly involves valve replacement, is presently the most efficient strategy in subjects with advanced CaHD and can relieve unmanageable symptoms or be partly responsible for better prognosis.
Acupuncture for the Treatment of Depression and Physical Symptoms in Chronic Bipolar Disorder: A Case Report
Authors: Matsuura Yuto , Watanabe Yoshinori , Taniguchi Hiroshi , Koga Yoshihisa , Yasuno Fumiko , Sakai Tomomi
Published: October 2020

Introduction:

Bipolar disorder (BD) is typically treated by pharmacotherapy. However, pharmacotherapy alone is often not adequate to cope with the variety of symptoms associated with BD. The present case report describes the therapeutic effects of manual acupuncture on a patient with chronic BD, and multiple concurrent physical symptoms, that did not improve with standard pharmacotherapy.

Case:

A 41-year-old woman with type II BD presented with depression, anxiety, and multiple physical symptoms. Her symptoms had first appeared 12 years prior, and she was diagnosed with type II BD 3 years after symptom onset. Although she received standard treatment, including medication and psychotherapy, her symptoms did not improve. Acupuncture treatment aimed at improving psychiatric and physical symptoms was performed weekly for 12 weeks. Depression and anxiety symptoms were evaluated using the Himorogi Self-Rating Depression Scale (HSDS) and Himorogi Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (HSAS) respectively. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used to evaluate physical symptoms including diarrhea, insomnia, and general malaise. Outcome measures were evaluated before each treatment.

Results:

Throughout the course of the acupuncture intervention, no changes were made to the patient’s psychotropic medication regimen. HSDS and HSAS scores decreased after 12 weeks of acupuncture treatment and improvements in all physical symptoms, as measured by the VAS, were observed. Furthermore, psychiatric symptoms with hypomanic or mixed features were not exacerbated.

Conclusions:

In this patient, acupuncture was effective in improving psychiatric and physical symptoms of type II BD. This non-pharmacological intervention may be a viable option for the treatment of BD-associated symptoms.
Attentional processing of information related to illness: Biases and associations with emotional response in young adults with different levels of illness anxiety
Authors: Leonidou Chrysanthi , Panayiotou Georgia
Published: October 2020

This study investigated attentional processing of illness-related information and associations with emotional reactivity. 100 young adults with low to high illness anxiety levels underwent free and cued viewing tasks, while eye-tracking and emotional reactivity were recorded. During free viewing, participants showed early orienting bias and sustained vigilance bias toward illness vs neutral pictures. Increased illness anxiety predicted vigilance bias to illness vs fearful pictures. During cued viewing, participants showed avoidance bias for illness vs neutral pictures, predicted by greater cardiac acceleration. Task nature appears to influence attentional processing patterns of illness stimuli. Preliminary evidence supports that attention allocation may be an emotion regulation mechanism.
Acting the part: Emotional intelligence and job satisfaction as predictors of emotional labor in travel agencies
Authors: Knežević Milena Nedeljković , Petrović Marko D , Kovačić Sanja , Mijatov Maja , Vuković Darko B , Kennell James
Published: October 2020

Employees of retail travel agencies in sales roles can have long-lasting, direct contact with tourists which, in the case of poor customer service, can be extremely problematic for businesses. Because of this, it is important to understand how employees manage their emotions to help them to remain satisfied with their work, thus contributing to the satisfaction of tourists. However, job satisfaction, emotional intelligence and emotional labor in tourism have not previously been studied together as variables in a single model. This research analyses the mediating role of emotional intelligence in the relationship between job satisfaction and emotional labor in travel agencies, as well as job satisfaction as an antecedent of emotional labor. Data were collected from 160 employees of 45 travel agencies in the Serbian cities of Belgrade and Novi Sad. Results show that employees’ emotional intelligence mediates the positive relationship between job satisfaction and emotional labor. Management implications: Increasing employees’ emotional intelligence through training and development and actively recruiting employees with high emotional intelligence will reduce emotional exhaustion and improve customer satisfaction for retail travel agencies. Future research should include employees from other countries, in order to make comparisons and to validate results, as well as to test the created model by structural equation modelling (SEM), involving some other possible mediators, such as socio-demographics, personality traits or work motivation.
Now you see it, now you don’t: methods for perceiving intersubjectivity
Authors: Rappert Brian
Published: October 2020

What work is entailed in learning skills? How do processes of enskillment enable alternative ways of seeing, feeling and acting? How can we intersubjectively meet each other when deception is regarded as prevalent? This article addresses these questions through recounting my experiences associated with learning entertainment magic. I outline how the training of competencies can involve an ongoing problematising of the relationship between seeing and knowing as well as between knowledge and ignorance. Furthermore, through recounting the affirmations and disorientations of my process of learning, I want to consider how skills acquisition can serve as a method for self-other investigation.
Participant validation: Exploring a contested tool in qualitative research
Authors: Slettebø Tor
Published: October 2020

This paper examines the use of participant validation in qualitative research, and illustrates that the process of validation can be something more than validation. It can also generate new data and provide the participants with empowering experiences. The paper is based on an action research project involving birth parents in the development of new types of services for parents who involuntary have had a child placed in care. In addition to discussing the challenges of participant validation, this paper also highlights the methodological, ethical, and empowering effects of this type of validation.
The Mediating Role of Parental Influence on the Relationship Between Adult Children’s Filial Piety Beliefs and Mate Preferences
Authors: Zhang Lu Ran , Chen Wei-Wen
Published: October 2020

In the present study, we aim to examine the mediating roles of the two types of perceived parental influence in the relation between the dual filial piety model and adult children’s long-term mate preferences. A survey was administered to 499 Chinese adult children on their filial piety beliefs, perceptions about parental influence, and long-term mate preferences. Structural equation modeling revealed the following findings. (a) For both genders, reciprocal filial piety was positively correlated with good father/mother traits, and authoritarian filial piety was positively correlated with good gene traits. (b) For both genders, sensitivity from the perceived parental influence mediated the link between authoritarian filial piety and good provider traits. (c) For females, sensitivity mediated the link between authoritarian filial piety and good gene traits. (d) For males, parental monitoring from perceived parental influence mediated the link between authoritarian filial piety and good gene and good mother traits. In addition, authoritarian filial piety was positively correlated with good provider and good mother traits. In summary, filial piety can link both directly and indirectly to mate preference through parental sensitivity for males and females and through parental monitoring mainly for males.
Establishment of cavitation inception speed judgment criteria by cavitation noise analysis for underwater vehicles
Authors: Jeong Seung-Jin , Hong Suk-Yoon , Song Jee-Hun , Kwon Hyun-Wung , Seol Han-Shin
Published: October 2020

Cavitation occurs on objects that move underwater at high speeds, and it is accompanied by an increase in hull vibrations, a reduction in propulsion performance, and an increase in noise that is important for warships and submarines. Of the various types of cavitations, tip vortex cavitations (TVC) are the earliest occurring and are considered the most important in terms of cavitation inception speed (CIS). This study predicts the cavitation inception speed by conducting cavitation noise analyses. The trend of the noise according to the cavitation numbers before and after CIS was analysed, and the quantitative criteria to determine the CIS were presented through established procedures. The CIS value obtained through the analysis was verified by comparing it against the value obtained experimentally. The methods used to analyse the cavitation inception speed are developed using bubble dynamics for cavitation noises. First, flow-field information was obtained downstream of the wing to estimate the external force acting on the bubbles, and this was used to calculate the behaviour of the cavitation bubbles. The bubble dynamics analyses were performed for each cavitation nuclei by Lagrange approach to calculate the behaviour of the bubbles. The number of cavitation nuclei was calculated based on the density function with random placement upstream of the wing. The cavitation noise was analysed for various cavitation numbers, and the tendency of the noise generated for each case was investigated. The noise analysis results and the CIS predictions were compared and verified with the measured values in the Large Cavitation Tunnel (LCT) of the Korea Research Institute of Ship & Ocean Engineering (KRISO). Using these results, the effect of the tip vortex cavitation on the total flow noise was analysed, and CIS determination criteria using noise values was validated and established.
What and what for? Theorizing ontology and instrumentality of education. Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Szkudlarek Tomasz
Published: October 2020

In this introductory paper, I am situating the problems addressed in this special issue of Policy Futures in Education not only in relation to the current critique of instrumentality in education, but also against a historical and theoretical background (Rousseau, Herbart and Dewey) where the construction of instrumental apparatuses is related to how education is understood itself. In other words, the question is if, and how instrumentality and ontology—social and educational—can be theorized in their mutual relations. This relation was the theme of a symposium held in 2017 in Gdańsk which initiated our work on this collection of papers. In the final part of the paper I briefly relate to how particular authors contributing to this issue have construed their varied responses to this question.