bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The association between an unhealthy lifestyle and osteomyelitis is mediated by immune cells: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yang Xin , Kadier Xiriaili , Xiong Debin , Wang Sulong , Yusufu Aihemaitijiang
Published: June 2024

Background
Osteomyelitis, primarily caused by Staphylococcus aureus, is influenced by risk factors like smoking and high BMI, potentially through immune alterations. Our study employs Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore these links and underlying mechanisms.
Methods
Utilizing a large genome-wide association study repository, we selected instrumental variables and conducted two-sample MR analyses to investigate relationships between smoking/BMI, lymphocyte counts, and osteomyelitis. Bidirectional, multivariable MR, and sensitivity analyses strengthened findings.
Results
Our findings revealed a positive correlation between smoking and lymphocyte counts (OR: 1.074, P = 0.002), with smoking also showing a significant association with an elevated risk of osteomyelitis (OR: 1.451, P = 0.001). Similarly, higher BMI was positively correlated with increased lymphocyte counts (OR: 1.182, P = 6×10^-5) and was found to augment the risk of osteomyelitis (OR: 1.795, 95% CI: 1.294–2.290, P = 5 × 10^-4). An incremented lymphocyte count level, in turn, was associated with a heightened risk of osteomyelitis (OR: 1.532, P = 0.002). In our mediation analysis, lymphocytes exhibited a solitary mediating effect of 7.8% for smoking and 11.8% for BMI. When both risk factors—smoking and high BMI—were concurrently present, the proportion mediated by lymphocytes rose to 9.4% for the link between smoking and osteomyelitis, and to 13.7% for the relationship between BMI and osteomyelitis.
Conclusion
Our MR study confirms smoking and high BMI as osteomyelitis risk factors, implicating lymphocytes as mediators. Elevated lymphocyte counts suggest a mechanism where pathogens may exploit and deplete these immune cells, exacerbating infection risk and severity. This suggests that changes in the immune system are important pathways through which smoking and BMI influence the development of osteomyelitis.
Incidence of Other Bacterial Pathogens among Patients suspected with Pulmonary Tuberculosis attending Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kano
Authors: Isaiah Zephaniah , Shehu Aminu , Umar Muhammad Muhsin , Musa Maryam Idris
Published: June 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) has been a global human disease for decades, which has been causing death worldwide. It occurs due to an infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) at the lungs alveolar surfaces. It is an airborne bacterial infectious disease which can be transmissible from one person to another. This study was aimed at determining other bacterial pathogens among patients suspected with pulmonary tuberculosis, attending Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kano. This study was cross-sectionally designed such that some pathogenic bacteria were isolated from suspected TB patients (positive or negative), to check for any possible co-infection. 85 sputum samples were collected from the TB suspected patients and TB-LAMP was conducted to check for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The sputum samples collected were then cultured on Chocolate and MacConkey agar and incubated at 37oC for 18-24hrs and pure colonies were confirmed using Grams staining and biochemical reaction. The data obtained were presented in frequencies and percentages and were analyzed statistically. Based on age group, the highest incidence was found among the age group of ≥ 40 with 38.46%, followed by 10–19 with 27.02%, the incidence was least in age group of 20–29 and 30–39 with 17.95% both. According to gender, 23 males and 16 females were found with other bacterial pathogens, where the highest incidence was found in males (23/39 (58.97%)) and was least in females (16/39 (41.02%)), while 28 males and 18 females were found with no bacterial pathogen. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas spp. and Proteus spp. were the bacterial pathogens isolated and identified from the samples collected, with Streptococcus pneumoniae being the predominant pathogen (21.2%) and Staphylococcus aureus being the least prevalent (1.2%). Patients who were positive to TB were found with the highest incidence of other bacterial pathogens (27 (69%)) than the TB negative patients (12 (31%)). Both Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial pathogens have co-infected the suspected TB patients attending the targeted hospital of study. It is recommended that, patients showing symptoms of Tuberculosis should always be checked for a possible bacterial infection, not only tubercular infections, as that may enhance the diagnosis.
Plasma Nucleocapsid Protein: A Potential Beacon for COVID-19 Severity Prediction and Prognostic Insight in Severe Patients with Comorbidities
Authors: Wang Di , Shen Yutao , Wu Jianbo , Li Yaju , Ma Ke , Jiang Guangjie , Li Xiangyu , Qin Huanhuan , Chen Kun , Wang Meihua , Wu Zhiyuan , Guan Ming
Published: June 2024

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic poses ongoing challenges to global public health systems, emphasizing the critical necessity for efficient diagnostic and prognostic markers. This study evaluates the MAGLUMI® SARS-CoV-2 Ag N protein chemiluminescent immunoassay (MAG-CLIA) for its analytical performance and its role in predicting disease severity and prognosis among severe COVID-19 patients with comorbidities.
Methods: Analytical validation of plasma MAG-CLIA SARS-CoV-2 Ag N protein encompassed precision, interference, LoQ and linearity. Plasma N protein concentrations and other biomarkers were measured within 48 hours of admission, tracked until discharge or death. The Mann-Whitney U test explored the association between plasma N protein and COVID-19 severity or prognosis. Longitudinal monitoring of plasma N protein dynamics was conducted in representative patients.
Results: MAG-CLIA demonstrated precise quantification of plasma N protein with a CV below 10% and minimal interference. The LoQ was 0.88 ng/L, with a broad linear range. Plasma N protein showed high diagnostic accuracy for COVID-19, achieving 95.42% sensitivity and 78.32% specificity at 2.388 ng/L. Plasma N protein emerged as a valuable prognostic indicator, correlating with mechanical ventilation need and patient survival. Plasma N protein concentrations ≥ 424.3 ng/L (AUC 0.8102, sensitivity 78.38%, specificity 85.48%) were associated with poor prognosis in severe COVID-19 patients with comorbidities.
Conclusions: MAG-CLIA's SARS-CoV-2 N protein detection in plasma demonstrates both analytical reliability and clinical relevance in our inaugural evaluation. As a promising prognostic biomarker for severe COVID-19 patients, it offers crucial insights into disease severity and progression, emphasizing the significance of early monitoring and intervention, especially for patients with comorbidities.
Transperineal ultrasound measurement of the levator plate angle and anorectal angle is a useful method for evaluating uterine prolapse : a prospective cohort study
Authors: Dai Jiangfeng , Liu Shunlan , Li Jiawen , Zhang Shijie , Xu Wu , Lyu Guorong , He Shaozheng
Published: June 2024

Background
Confirming the patient's cervical position using transperineal ultrasound is not an easy task. This study aimed to employ transperineal ultrasound to measure the levator plate angle (LPA) and anorectal angle (ARA) in patients with varying degrees of uterine prolapse and to explore their efficacy in assessing uterine prolapse.
Methods
This prospective study consecutively enrolled 130 female patients who underwent examinations for lower urinary tract or pelvic floor dysfunction symptoms at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from August 2022 to December 2023. Participants were divided into three groups based on the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) system: POP-Q = 0 (n = 45), POP-Q = 1 (n = 45), and POP-Q ≥ 2 (n = 40). Transperineal ultrasound was used to measure the LPA and ARA at rest (rLPA and rARA) and during maximum Valsalva maneuver (vLPA and vARA). Changes in LPA and ARA from rest to maximal Valsalva (ΔLPA and ΔARA) were calculated. The differences in these ultrasound parameters among the three groups were compared. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to assess the diagnostic performance.
Results
With increasing severity of uterine prolapse, vLPA decreased progressively, while vARA and ΔARA initially decreased and then increased (P < 0.05). Compared with the POP-Q stage = 0 group, rLPA was reduced in the POP-Q stage ≥ 2 group, and ΔLPA was reduced in the POP-Q stage = 1 and POP-Q stage ≥ 2 groups (P < 0.05). The optimal cutoff values for diagnosing POP-Q stage ≥ 1 were 27.01° for rLPA, -2.29° for vLPA, and − 26.11° for ΔLPA, with corresponding AUCs of 0.65, 0.86, and 0.75. For diagnosing POP-Q stage ≥ 2, the optimal cutoff values were 24.11° for rLPA, -6.97° for vLPA, and − 34.57° for ΔLPA, with corresponding AUCs of 0.67, 0.80, and 0.69. DeLong's test indicated that vLPA had the highest efficacy in diagnosing both POP-Q stage ≥ 1 and POP-Q stage ≥ 2 (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Transperineal ultrasound measurement of the LPA and ARA is a simple and effective method for assessing uterine prolapse.
Spatial Deconvolution of Cell Types and Cell States at Scale Utilizing TACIT
Authors: Liu Jinze , Huynh Khoa , Tyc Katarzyna , Matuck Bruno Fernandes , Easter Quinn , Pratapa Aditya , Kumar Nikhil , Pérez Paola , Kulchar Rachel , Pranzatelli Thomas , Souza Deiziane , Weaver Theresa , Qu Xufeng , Junior Luiz Soares , Dolhnokoff Marisa , Kleiner David , Hewitt Stephen , Silva Luiz da , Rocha Vanderson , Warner Blake , Byrd Kevin
Published: June 2024

Identifying cell types and states remains a time-consuming, error-prone challenge for spatial biology. While deep learning is increasingly used, it is difficult to generalize due to variability at the level of cells, neighborhoods, and niches in health and disease. To address this, we developed TACIT, an unsupervised algorithm for cell annotation using predefined signatures that operates without training data. TACIT uses unbiased thresholding to distinguish positive cells from background, focusing on relevant markers to identify ambiguous cells in multiomic assays. Using five datasets (5,000,000-cells; 51-cell types) from three niches (brain, intestine, gland), TACIT outperformed existing unsupervised methods in accuracy and scalability. Integrating TACIT-identified cell types with a novel Shiny app revealed new phenotypes in two inflammatory gland diseases. Finally, using combined spatial transcriptomics and proteomics, we discovered under- and overrepresented immune cell types and states in regions of interest, suggesting multimodality is essential for translating spatial biology to clinical applications.
Cervicovaginal lesions among women attending obstetrics and gynaecology at Ho Teaching Hospital
Authors: Smith-Togobo Cecilia , Ametepe Elvis Seyram Korsi , Danso Prince , Fatau Adam Abdul , Yiadom George Osei , Lopez Magalys Cuba , Mbroh Hinterman , Asiamah Emmanuel Akomanin
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Cervicovaginal lesions are a major health problem globally, with 80% of the cases occurring in developing countries. The lesions develop on the surfaces of the vagina and the cervix, usually with no symptoms, and are most often discovered by a routine Pap test. These lesions are most common in women under age 30 but can develop at any age. These lesions have a significant impact on the morbidity and mortality of women.
AIM
This study sought to determine the prevalence of cervicovaginal lesions among women who attended Obstetrics and Gynecology at Ho Teaching Hospital.
METHODOLOGY
The study was a hospital-based, retrospective study that includes all patients who attended the Obstetrics and Gynaecology clinic at the Ho Teaching Hospital from 2013 to September 2022 and had Pap tests conducted on them. ”Patients’ information such as occupation, clinical history, age, and cytological diagnosis were retrieved. The analyzed data was presented as frequencies and percentages and summarized in figures and tables.
RESULTS
A total of 1244 patients’ data were retrieved. Their ages ranged from 10-77+ years, and the majority were 40-49. More than half of the women were employed in the informal sectors (56.4%), and the least were students (4.4%). 91.19% were NILM (Negative for intraepithelial lesions or malignancy), the majority of the cellular abnormalities were ASCUS (Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance), while the highest infection recorded was Bacterial vaginosis.
CONCLUSION
The study found a high prevalence of cervical-vaginal infections among women and a strong association between age and cellular abnormalities.
Impact of mobile health technologies on human papillomavirus vaccination uptake among mothers of unvaccinated girls aged 9–14 years in Lagos, Nigeria (mHealth-HPVac): Study protocol of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: OKUNADE Kehinde S. , ADEJIMI Adebola A. , ADEKANYE Temitope V. , ALLSOP Matthew J. , ADELABU Hameed , THOMAS-OGODO Olufemi , ONYEKA Tonia C. , LAWANSON Teniola , AKABA Godwin O. , SALAKO Omolola , ANORLU Rose I. , BEREK Jonathan S.
Published: June 2024

Background: Despite the availability of effective vaccines, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake remains low in most resource-limited settings including Nigeria. Mobile health technology (mHealth) may empower patients to control their health, reduce inequalities, and improve the uptake of HPV vaccination.
Aim: The “mHealth-HPVac” study will assess the effects of mHealth using short text messages on the uptake of HPV vaccination among mothers of unvaccinated girls aged 9–14 years and also determine the factors influencing the uptake of HPV vaccination among these mothers.
Methods: This protocol highlights a randomised controlled trial involving women aged 25–65 years who will be enrolled on attendance for routine care at the General Outpatient clinics of Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria between July and December 2024. At baseline, n=224 women will be randomised to either a short text message or usual care (control) arm. The primary outcome is vaccination of the participant’s school-age girl(s) at any time during the 6 months of follow-up. The associations between any two groups of continuous variables will be tested using the independent sample t-test (normal distribution) or the Mann-Whitney U test (skewed data) and that of two groups of categorical variables with Chi-square (X2) or Fisher's exact test where appropriate. Using the multivariable binary logistic regression model, we will examine the effects of all relevant sociodemographic and clinical variables on HPV vaccination uptake among mothers of unvaccinated but vaccine-eligible school-age girls. Statistical significance will be defined as A P<0.05.
Discussion: The mHealth-Cervix study will evaluate the impact of mobile technologies on HPV vaccination uptake among mothers of unvaccinated but vaccine-eligible school-age girls in Lagos, Nigeria as a way of contributing to the reduction in the wide disparities in cervical cancer incidence through primary prevention facilitated using health promotion to improve HPV vaccination uptake.
Registration: PACTR202406727470443 (6th June 2024).
EMG activity of abdominal muscles during isometric V-sit in athletes from diverse sports
Authors: Wu Chia-Fen , Wu Chia-Fang , Yan Wei-Cian , Chiu Chih-Hui , Hu Wen-Pin , Wang Shin-Yuan
Published: June 2024

Background
This study aimed to observe the electromyographic (EMG) activities of rectus abdominis (RA) during the isometric V-sit and symmetry of the bilateral RA.
Methods
Sixteen college students were recruited, with 9 weightlifters and 7 soft tennis players. By using Noraxon EMG system, the EMG signals of the left (RA-L) and right RA (RA-R) were investigated during isometric V-sit at heights of 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm from the ground.
Results
EMG signals of RA-L in soft tennis players were 13.6% higher than those in weightlifters for three phases of V-sit (p < .05). During the 10 cm phase, EMG activities of both RA-L and RA-R were significantly higher in soft tennis players compared to weightlifters (p < .05). Large negative correlations were found between phase and EMG amplitude in weightlifters (RA-L: r = − .552; RA-R: r = − .665, p < .05), while positive correlations existed in soft tennis players (RA-L: r = .373; RA-R: r = .631, p < .05).
Conclusion
The study indicated differences in the impact of isometric V-sit heights on RA activation. The correlation trends between RA signals and phases reflected variations in RA strength and control among different exercise types.
Characterization and Genomic Analyses of dsDNA Vibriophage vB_VpaM_XM1, Representing a New Viral Family
Authors: Wei Zuyun , Li Xuejing , Ai Chunxiang , Dang Hongyue
Published: June 2024

Background
Vibrio parahaemolyticus has been a leading cause of foodborne disease outbreaks and infectious diarrhea cases in coastal areas, antibiotic resistance has increased significantly due to widespread antibiotic abuse, bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, it is necessary to isolate and characterize new phages to broaden our understanding of the ecology, evolution, and diversity of both phages and their bacterial hosts further.
Results
A novel vibriophage vB_VpaM_XM1 (XM1) was described in the present study. The morphological analysis revealed that phage XM1 had Myoviridae-like morphology, with an oblate icosahedral head and a long contractile tail. The genome size of XM1 is 46,056 bp, with a G + C content of 42.51%, encoding 69 open reading frames (ORFs). Moreover, XM1 showed a narrow host range only lysing Vibrio xuii LMG 21346 (T) JL2919, Vibrio parahaemolyticus 1.1997, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus MCCC 1H00029 among the tested bacteria. One-step growth curves showed that XM1 has a 40-minute latent period and 264 plaque-forming units (PFU)/cell burst size. In addition, XM1 exhibited broad pH, thermal, and salinity stability, as well as strong lytic activity, even at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.001. Multiple genome comparisons and phylogenetic analyses showed that phage XM1 is grouped in a clade with three other phages, including Vibrio phages Rostov 7, X29, and phi 2, and is distinct from all known viral families that have ratified by the standard genomic analysis of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV).
Conclusions
Therefore, the above four phages might represent a new viral family, tentatively named Weiviridae. The broad physiological adaptability of phage XM1 and its high lytic activity and host specificity indicated that this novel phage is a good candidate for being used as a therapeutic bioagent against infections caused by certain Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains.
Correlation Study Between Occupational Hazardous Factor Exposome and Bone Mineral Density Abnormality in Steelworkers
Authors: Zhang Haoruo , Zheng Ziwei , Wang Nan , Li Zheng , Zhang Shangmingzhu , Su Yu , Wu Jianhui
Published: June 2024

Objectives
To investigate associations among occupational hazardous factor exposure groups and bone mineral density (BMD) abnormalities in steelworkers, by analyzing correlation between various occupational hazardous factors (night-shift work, high temperature, dust and noise) and BMD abnormalities.
Methods
A total of 6816 participants were recruited for this study. Night-shift work, high temperature, dust and noise was taken as occupational hazardous factors, analyzed as a unique factor by each and as an exposome together. Health risk factor score and partial regression coefficient were used to establish a single risk score exposure group model and a hybrid risk score exposure group model.
Results
Detection rate of abnormal BMD in steelworkers was 27.6%, of which 28.0% in males and 23.3% in females. Single risk score model showed, compared with the control group (score <0.440), steelworkers with scores of 0.440~, 0.778~, and ≥1.078 had a abnormal BMD risk of 1.252 (1.034~1.516) folds, 1.534 (1.253~1.878) times, and 2.234 (1.808~2.759) times. Combined risk score model showed that, compared with the reference group(score<0.366), steelworkers with a score in 0.366~, 0.621~, and ≥0.872 were 1.167 (0.969~1.405) times, 1.470 (1.205~1.794) times, and 2.136 (1.738~2.626) times, respectively.
Conclusions
1 Night-shift work, high temperature, dust, and noise may contribute to BMD abnormality in steelworkers. 2 The higher the corresponding risk score of the occupational hazardous factor exposome, the higher the risk of BMD abnormality in steelworkers. When workers are exposed to multiple occupational hazards at the same time, constructing an exposome could reveal the relationship between occupational hazardous factors and BMD abnormality in steelworkers more accurately.
Synthetic Bacterial Consortia Transplantation Attenuates Vaginal Inflammation and Modulates the Immune Response in a Mouse Model of Gardnerella vaginalis-Induced Bacterial Vaginosis
Authors: Liu Ying , He Liang , Hu Yan , Liao Xingya , Wang Hongyan , Yang Linlin
Published: June 2024

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) disrupts the vaginal microbiota, leading to health risks. Antibiotics often fail to prevent recurrence. This study examines synthetic bacterial consortia transplantation (SBCT) as a safer, more controlled treatment alternative to restore healthy vaginal flora and immune response, showing promise against BV. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of SBCT and compare it with VMT in a mouse model of Gardnerella vaginalis-induced BV. A murine model of G. vaginalis-induced BV was established, and mice were treated with SBCT, VMT, or saline. Histopathological changes, inflammatory cytokine levels, pro-inflammatory biomarker expression, helper T cell transcription factor expression, and vaginal microbiota composition were assessed. SBCT and VMT effectively suppressed G. vaginalis growth, reduced inflammation, and restored vaginal microbiota diversity. Both treatments attenuated epithelial damage, downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-8), and upregulated the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. SBCT and VMT also inhibited NF-κB activation, suppressed IL-17 expression, and enhanced Foxp3 expression in vaginal tissues. SBCT is a promising therapeutic approach for treating BV, as it effectively modulates the immune response and restores vaginal microbiota diversity in a mouse model of G. vaginalis-induced BV.
Decorated active-intelligent film using urea and fish gelatin quantum dots for improving and detecting the quality of chilled trout fillets
Authors: Zarei Tara , Rezaei Masoud , Bahramifar Nader , Heidari Mahshid Gharib
Published: June 2024

In this study, an active-intelligent film was created by adding urea and fish gelatin quantum dots along with the mucilage, aiming at improving and monitoring the microbial and chemical quality of trout fillets during chilled storage. Fish gelatin and urea quantum dots were successfully synthesized using microwave and low-heat methods. Enriching the alginate film to quantum dots and mucilage resulted in superior mechanical characteristic including thickness (0.0061 ± 0.072 mm), tensile strength (62.8 ± 1.41%), and elongation (35 ± 1.04%) while decreasing some physical properties like solubility (73 ± 5.14%) and water vapor permeability (1.1 ± 0.49 g/m− 2 s− 1). Treatments containing quantum dots indicated inferior transparency and an excellent ability in blocking UV light. The FTIR functional groups proved the presence of film compounds. An uneven surface and weaker crystallinity structure were observed in treatments containing mucilage, recorded by FESEM and XRD. Adding gelatin quantum dots and mucilage led to the lowest level of total (8.4 ± 1 CFU/g− 1), psychrophilic (5.4 ± 1 CFU/g− 1), and H2S-producing (7 ± 1 CFU/g− 1) bacteria after 16 days. Additionally, the lowest level of pH (7.7 ± 0.09), TVB-N (76.6 ± 0.47%), PV (7.48 ± 0.68%), TBA (0.94 ± 0.06), and FFA (1.13 ± 0.004%) were observed in gelatin quantum dots and mucilage contained treatment. After 8 days, the fluorescence intensity of films enhanced due to the increasing level of bacteria. The changes in microbial and chemical indexes were perfectly detected by increasing the fluorescence and color changes of produced films. The active-intelligent films are introduced as a novel potential packaging for prolonging the shelf life along with monitoring the freshness of food.
Experimental and Theoretical Study of Gravity-Driven Falling Plates
Authors: Saenz Leonardo , Tian Ruijun , Jiao Jianqiang , Shu Fangjun
Published: June 2024

This research investigates the fluid-structure interaction phenomenon of gravity-driven falling rigid plates through a combination of experimental and theoretical approaches. Plates of varying dimensions and densities are systematically examined to explore the influence of non-dimensional parameters, including the Reynolds number (Re) and dimensionless moment of inertia (I*), on the falling patterns. High-speed photography is employed to extract plate trajectories and posterior kinematics calculations. In the range of relatively high Reynolds numbers (Re > 800), our study identifies three distinct falling modes: periodic fluttering, periodic tumbling, and marginal chaotic motion. The falling trajectories of the plates are analyzed and compared with their corresponding kinematic behaviors. By integrating theoretical analyses with experimental findings, we develop a semi-analytical model capable of calculating the real-time hydrodynamic forces and moments acting on falling plates. This model facilitates the prediction of falling trajectories for quasi-2-dimensional plates with arbitrary material and dimension combinations. Comparisons between model predictions and experimental results demonstrate good agreement in the fluttering and tumbling modes.
Hot Carrier Localization Affected by A Cations in Hybrid Perovskite
Authors: Zhang Zeyu , Yue Xingyu , Ouyang Yunfei , Zheng Yujie , Sun Kuan , Hu Zhiping , Wang Chunwei , Zu Xinzhi , Liu Zhengzheng , Leng Yuxin , Yin Qinxue , Du Juan
Published: June 2024

Although FAPbI3-based optoelectronic devices have achieved excellent properties, the role of organic cations FA and MA in the performance of organic-inorganic perovskites remains contentious. These cations typically affect the phase stabilization, cubic crystallization, and surface functionalization process, while were traditionally believed to hardly directly affect the optoelectronic properties of organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites (OLHPs). In this study, transient photo-drag current, arising from momentum transfer during light-matter interaction, is employed to reveal the hot carrier transfer dynamics of the OLHPs. The photo-drag current could be reversed by the substitution of the MA cation, which indicates the hot carriers in OLHPs are strongly localized by the MA cation dipole. Additionally, the correlation between the hot carrier photoconductivity and the electronic structure in different A-cation samples revealed that the bulk photovoltaic current could also affected by the A-cation in HIOPs. Our work not only demonstrates the photon drag current in perovskite with an excess photon energy pump but also provides a method to study light-carrier-phonon interactions of the hot carriers in OLHPs.
Antibiotic Profiling of Staphylococcus Aureus and Genotypic Detection of Ermgene Causing Inducible Resistance to Clindamycin Isolated From All Clinical Samples in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Sharma Ananya , Leela K.V. , V Jagan.
Published: June 2024

Objective
The objective of this investigation is to ascertain the phenotypic and genotypic expression of inducible clindamycin resistance in clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as a result of the expression of ermA, ermB, and ermC genes using and double disc diffusion method and RT-PCR.
Method
This cross-sectional study was conducted at department of Microbiology, SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre. Total of 150 isolates of S. aureus were collected. All these isolates were cultured aerobically. Staphylococcus aureus was identified and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST) was done using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and inducible resistance to clindamycin is detected by “D-test”. All clinical isolates of MRSA during the study period were included
Result
Analysis of 150 S. aureus isolates revealed 60 MRSA. Out of which 31 were detected as inducible clindamycin by double disk diffusion method. These 31 isolates were subjected to RT-PCR for genotypic detection of erm gene. 13 were found to be ermC, 5 were found to be ermB and 3 were found to be ermA positive isolates.
Conclusion
Clindamycin may be a viable alternative and should be recommended for severe MRSA infections, as indicated by its susceptibility pattern. We observed the D test as a mandatory method for the detection of inducible clindamycin-resistant Staphylococcus. It is crucial to note that the ermC gene is a significant determinant of macrolide resistance in MRSA.
Silencing SODB1: A Novel Approach to Suppress Leishmania tropica Parasite Infectivity
Authors: Alhraki Fatema , Kassouha Morshed , Soukkarieh Chadi
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Recent research has focused on genetic modifications and manipulations, which address the root causes rather than just the outcomes. These methods are now recognized as powerful tools for studying Leishmania parasites’ biology. In this study, the sodb1 gene was targeted using antisense RNA. This gene encodes an essential enzyme, superoxide dismutase (SODB1), which plays a crucial role in the infectivity of Leishmania tropica parasites within macrophages.
Methods: The inverted sequence of a part of the sodb1 ORF and 3’UTR was cloned into the LEXSY plasmid. After obtaining the knock-down constructions, Leishmania tropica parasites were transfected using electroporation. Western blot analysis was performed to study and evaluate SODB1 expression and the infectivity of these mutant parasites in human macrophages, comparing them with a wild-type negative control and another control containing the EGFP gene, which codes for the enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP).
Results: The use of LEXSY plasmids for sodb1 gene knock-down was efficient, resulting in a clear decrease in both infectivity and parasite load in human macrophages in vitro. Western blot analysis revealed a lower expression level of SODB1 in the mutant parasites compared to the wild- type. Statistical analysis confirmed that the decreases in infectivity and parasite load of the mutant parasites were highly significant compared to the wild-type. Statistical analysis confirmed that the decreases in infectivity and parasite load of the mutant parasites were highly significant compared to the wild-type.
Conclusion: Our study confirms the efficiency of the produced knock-down system and the importance of the SODB1 enzyme in the amastigote parasites’ ability to grow and survive within the host's macrophages. This is the first study that affirms the success of using the LEXSY gene expression system for gene knock-down according to the antisense RNA approach. This work will allow for the use of the produced knock-down system to target other important genes in Leishmania and continue studying the knocked-down strain in vivo.
Didáctica y enseñanza de la filosofía en el globo. Análisis comparativo de estados del arte 1990-2022
Authors: Prieto Galindo Fredy Hernán
Published: June 2024

En este texto reflexivo se compara algunos estados del arte sobre la didáctica y la enseñanza de la filosofía realizados fuera de Colombia en las últimas tres décadas. Después de la búsqueda en varias bases de datos y de consultar varios autores en el tema, solo se hallaron 8 estudios sistemáticos de revisión literatura: en Brasil, Estados Unidos, Francia, Nueva Zelanda e Inglaterra. El dato más relevante puede ser que en los textos hallados la didáctica de la filosofía no aparece como categoría central en la reflexión e investigación sobre enseñanza de la filosofía. Asimismo, se ve claramente el interés de los pensadores anglófonos por la investigación empírica y cuantitativa sobre la filosofía para niños, sobre todo desde la perspectiva de Matthew Lipman, pero no la filosofía “tradicional” en la educación secundaria. Finalmente, parece que hace falta más investigación aplicada en centro y sur américa y más reflexión filosófica y pedagógica sobre la didáctica y enseñanza de la filosofía tradicional en los países anglófonos.
Análise da relação intertextual entre Is 52,13-53,12 e Mc 14,24//Mt 26,28 para uma melhor compreensão do pro multis
Authors: Brandão de Oliveira Samuel
Published: June 2024

Ao observar as traduções do relato anafórico institucional da terceira edição típica do Missal Romano nas diversas línguas vernáculas, nota-se que não há mais consenso a respeito da tradução da expressão pro multis como havia nas traduções das edições anteriores. Tal expressão tem sua origem no “Quarto Poema do Servo” de Isaías e vem utilizada nas palavras pronunciadas sobre o cálice nos relatos institucionais de Marcos e Mateus, estabelecendo-se uma relação intertextual. O presente artigo almeja ser uma contribuição que aprofunde o entendimento dessa relação para uma melhor compreensão do pro multis, sem ter, no entanto, a pretensão de apresentar uma solução definitiva para as questões que envolvem a sua tradução. Para isso, propõe-se apresentar os principais pontos que abarcam o debate a respeito da referida tradução; validar a relação intertextual entre o texto isaiano e os textos neotestamentários que são objeto deste estudo através de critérios apropriados; buscar no contexto veterotestamentário do termo hebraico, que se traduziu por multi, o seu sentido original e, em posse desses dados, verificar que sentido o termo adquire e que efeitos de sentido produz essa relação intertextual nas palavras pronunciadas sobre o cálice em Marcos e Mateus e na liturgia da Igreja latina.
"Editorial 181 enero junio 2024"
Authors: Peñaranda Quintana Mario Andrés , Púa Mora Franklin Giovanni
Published: June 2024

En la Editorial Franciscanum 181 se rinde un homenaje a la memoria del Dr Enrique Domingo Dussel Ambrosini, filósofo y teólogo latinoamericano.  Posteriormente se presentan los ocho artículos de este número de la revista.
Cobalt(II) Schiff-Base Complexes with Substituents of Varying Electron‑Withdrawing Character: Synthesis, Characterization, DFT Calculations and Application as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Moura Fagner , da Silva Everton , da Silva Talis , dos Santos Rachel , Machado Sérgio , Garrido Francisco , Medeiros Marta , Casellato Annelise
Published: June 2024

Developing new non-noble metal electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is an essential challenge in electrochemical device research. Among these, we highlight the metal Schiff-base complexes, which can be used as modified carbon paste electrodes (CPE). Herein, we present a facile one-pot method for preparing a new family of cobalt(II) complexes with Schiffbase ligands obtained from glycine and para-substituted aldehydes. Complexes were characterized by different techniques, and the effects of para-substituents on the electronic properties of the complexes were confirmed by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The CV was also used to evaluate the ORR behavior of metal complex-modified CPE in an alkaline medium. The three complex-modified CPE were found to be highly effective for ORR, and the electron-withdrawing character of para-substituent affects the electrochemical reactivity. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to complement the study and correlate the electrochemical activity, the redox potentials, and the Hammett parameter (σp) with the singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) energy of the complexes. DFT data were also able to shed light on the likely ORR mechanism. In summary, electronic tuning of the ligand affects the electronic properties of the metal center and allows for systematic oxygen reduction-catalytic control.
Adverse Childhood Experiences and Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Traits: Mediating Effects of Attachment and Metacognition
Authors: Gray Emily , Boag Simon
Published: June 2024

Adverse childhood experiences are regularly implicated as a risk factor in the development of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Traits (OCPT). Nevertheless, the majority of individuals exposed to adverse childhood experiences do not go on to develop adult OCPT. This study aimed to investigate whether attachment or metacognition best mediate the association between adverse childhood experiences and OCPT. Undergraduate psychology students (N = 194) participated in a 30-minute anonymous online survey, and completed a retrospective adverse childhood experiences measure, along with measures of current attachment, metacognition, OCPT, and depression. Bootstrapped mediation revealed that attachment-anxiety positively mediated between adverse childhood experiences and OCPT. Mediation was not found for either attachment-avoidance or metacognition. These findings provide preliminary evidence that attachment-anxiety may be important for understanding the effects of adverse childhood experiences on OCPT development. Additionally, the findings suggest that future research should investigate the predictive role of specific types of adverse childhood experiences. The potential clinical utility for both assessment and treatment effects based on the co-occurrence of adverse childhood experiences and heightened attachment-anxiety on OCPT are discussed.
Mitochondria and Lipid Droplets: Focus on the Molecular Structure
of Contact Sites in the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Litvinova Larisa , Vulf Maria , Yurova Kristina , Khaziakhmatova Olga , Malashchenko Vladimir , Bograya Maria , Kozlov Ivan , Todosenko Natalia
Published: June 2024

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex of serious pathologies with a high
prevalence worldwide. Disruption of mitochondrial biogenesis and its interaction with
other cell organelles plays an important role in the development of MetS. Studies have
revealed the phenotypic and functional heterogeneity of mitochondria that exist within a
single cell and can regulate metabolic signaling pathways, influencing the development
of metabolic diseases. Excessive intake of fatty acids leads to changes in fatty acid
metabolism that affect the biology of important cell organelles - the lipid droplets,
whose specific biology is not fully understood. Perhaps targeted molecular genetic stimulation aimed at regulating the contact between mitochondria and lipids can break the vicious cycle of inflammation in MetS and restore normal cell function, reducing the risk
of developing concomitant pathologies. The review describes potential (promising) therapeutic molecular targets associated with mitochondria and lipid droplets, focusing on
the proteins involved in their contact and emphasizing their role in the pathogenesis of
MetS.
Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting During Pneumatic Cylinder Motion
Authors: Páez Luis Miguel Ruiz , Lei Liu , Bowen Jiang , Yifan Jia , Jie Wu , Chenwei Pu , Pengfei Qian
Published: June 2024

Background:

Energy harvesting systems provide a sustainable way to capture and convert various forms of energy into usable electrical power. The Electromagnetic Energy Harvester
(EMEH) systems function based on Faraday’s law and are usually implemented in small systems
where the demand for electrical energy is low.

Objective:

This study aims to expand the use of a pneumatic cylinder by enabling it to work as an
EMEH.

Methods:

The objective can be achieved by adding a coil arrangement wrapped around the pneumatic cylinder and taking advantage of the rectilinear motion of the cylinder's inner magnet, which
is a moving magnetic field. The paper explored the influence of key parameters on the induced
voltage through a series of simulations of several designs in COMSOL software.

Results:

The simulation results of the final model show that the obtained induced voltage can be
effectively improved by optimizing the main parameters of the coil within a certain range. When
the coil is made up of a coil wire with a diameter of 0.4 mm, wound into 1000 turns, the induced
peak voltage obtained is 3.22 V, which represents a significant improvement over the initial design
parameters.

Conclusion:

Furthermore, the simulation shows that the optimized model is capable of achieving
an effective voltage of 922 mV. This demonstrates the impact of the key design parameters on the
system output, thus confirming the potential application value of enhanced pneumatic cylinders
with energy harvesting capabilities.
O debate jurídico sobre o financiamento ``a educação básica na constituinte brasileira (1987-1988)
Authors: Lima Paulo Ricardo Barbosa de
Published: June 2024

The article analyzes the legal debate surrounding the financing of basic education in the National Constituent Assembly of Brazil (1987-1988), focusing on the main dichotomy that guided the discussions, that is, the opposition between public and private education. The article addresses how the main entities were organized into three fronts of action: publicists, privatists, and confessionals, fighting battles over the direction of the public budget. In fact, contrary to popular participation in the initial phase, the alliance between privatists and confessionals imposed, in the final stage, a setback on the publicists through parliamentary maneuvers, which was decisive for the outcome of the constitutional text.
O Projeto de Desenvolvimento Integrado de Lembá, liberdade e fraternidade na atuação da Cooperação Portuguesa e da Igreja Católica
Authors: Pedrosa José
Published: June 2024

Almost fifty years after April 25th, several national and international events have occurred. Probably many of those who lived on April 25, 1974 would never have imagined the transformations and evolutions that occurred in these five decades, an evolution that also occurred in education. This finding makes more sense in São Tomé and Príncipe. In this article we intend to fundamentally analyze the Lembá Integrated Development Project and, when analyzing this project, understand the importance of Portuguese Cooperation and the Catholic Church in local development, in a particular way in education.
A luta pelo direito à educação na periferia de uma metrópole brasileira em tempos autoritários (Baixada Fluminense, anos 1970)
Authors: Andrade Flávio
Published: June 2024

he aims of this article is to analyze the conditions under which schooling took place in the Baixada Fluminense, as well the struggle for the right to education in the historical context of the passage from the 1970s to the 1980s. This historic moment was marked by the political distension and crisis of legitimacy that characterized the final years of the dictatorial regime established after 1964. The mobilization of families living in the Baixada Fluminense in the historical period in question shows that the right to education is considered fundamental in the context of the realization of real citizenship for the Brazilian population as a whole.
Processos de criação poético-educativos no sul do Brasil durante a Ditadura Civil-Militar (1964-1985)
Authors: Sirtoli Guilherme Susin
Published: June 2024

The present work aims to reflect on the role of art and education in the context of the civil-military dictatorship, through a microanalysis focusing on southern Brazil. When analyzing the laws in force at the time in the area of education, we noticed that the space for the context of artistic creation was not considered in academic curricula. Thus, the emphasis on creative processes emerged in several actions from the mid-1970s onwards, in southern Brazil, more specifically in Porto Alegre (RS) and Pelotas (RS). Through the analyses, we realized that the poetic-educational actions analyzed acted in an ethical-aesthetic-social way, as a reaction to the current regime.
La educación en el proceso inicial de articulación institucional de la Dictadura Civil Militar en Chile (1973-1975)
Authors: Zurita Felipe
Published: June 2024

This article seeks to analyze the role assigned to education in the first moments of institutional construction of the Civil Military Dictatorship in Chile (1973-1975). Methodologically, a historical study was developed based on the analysis of different types of sources, such as laws, decrees, minutes and strategic documents, documents that communicate the main ideological guidelines of the regime. The conclusions indicate that education in these documents is located in a place of political restriction, neoliberal in economics and conservative in values.
O protagonismo docente no espaço-tempo da transição democrática das décadas de 1970-80, no Brasil e em Portugal
Authors: Xavier Libânia
Published: June 2024

The article revisits and updates questions that guided research that analyzed the repertoires of action adopted by teachers in the face of democratic construction processes that reached their peak in the 1970s, in Brazil and Portugal (Xavier,2013). Its central objective is to analyze the identity negotiations (Dubar, 2005) that permeated the political protagonism exercised by teachers in the actions and associations created in the influx of these movements. In the first topic, it locates the teaching movements in the space and time of the democratic transition and presents the questions that guided the writing of this article. In the second topic, it analyzes printed sources such as the mass circulation newspapers in Rio de Janeiro and the “O Professor” Magazine, with a view to observing the dissonant views regarding the establishment of an image of the teachers who participated in these movements. The third topic takes a statement relating to the experience of self-management lived in aPortuguese secondary school and highlights its reverberations in the interviewee's professional self-perception. In the final considerations, a brief reflection is developed on the disputes over the control of teaching identities and also on possible developments of this study. As a result of the analysis developed, it was possible to perceive the constitution of an engaged and autonomous teaching identity, through the analysis of the Magazine "O Professor". In turn, the mass circulation newspapers in Rio de Janeiro expressed the perspective of establishing a deviant identity in the face of teaching's political protagonism, triggering society's moral panic (Adorno, 1998), by condemning the collective actions that were part of the political repertoire of this professional group
Probing Climate Change Perceptions in Vulnerable Enclaves: Resilient Realities in the Buffalo City Municipality, South Africa
Authors: Buthelezi Natal
Published: June 2024

Under the turbulent environment of the 21st century, climate change emerges as a menacing and urgent crisis, especially in urban poverty-stricken areas, where its impacts are most acutely felt. Despite the importance of understanding public perceptions to foster effective climate change resilience, there still exists a notable gap in nuanced scholarship within the informal settlements of South Africa. This study employs a mixed-method approach to explore how cognitive, emotional, motivational and cultural factors affect these communities' resilience or vulnerability to climate-related hazards. The prevailing consensus in the literature suggests a general underestimation of climate change risks among residents. However, this paper contends that innovative, resource-constrained strategies observed in these communities suggest a significant degree of agency and preparedness to confront these challenges. This study sheds light on the interplay between individual actions, social networks, information channels, cultural practices, and power dynamics in shaping climate change perceptions. It recommends integrating local, cost-effective adaptation measures into wider policy frameworks. In conclusion, the study emphasises the importance of educating informal settlement residents, harnessing community participation and utilising local adaptation knowledge and sustainable development techniques to forge a resilient and equitable future for the inhabitants of Buffalo City Municipality.