bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Miragens cartográficas: lugares e narrativas de origem em disputa no alto rio Uaupés, Amazonas, Brasil
Authors: Pedroso Diego Rosa
Published: May 2024

Resumo Este artigo trata da experiência recente dos Kubeo que vivem no alto rio Uaupés brasileiro (noroeste amazônico) na elaboração de mapas. Pretendo mostrar como os mapas e sua produção participam de discussões relativas a reivindicações de lugares e pertencimentos por parte dos grupos envolvidos, e como os mapas estão articulados a conhecimentos narrativos que remetem ao momento da criação da humanidade e conformação do mundo. Para isso, o artigo inicia com uma contextualização da etnografia kubeo, e, na sequência, descreve duas experiências de mapeamento no alto Uaupés que dão sustentação à argumentação desenvolvida, a saber, uma viagem ao lugar de transformação dos grupos kubeo Yuremawa e Yúriwawa, conhecido como Wakaipani e, num segundo momento, a elaboração de um Plano de Gestão Territorial e Ambiental do Alto Rio Negro (PGTA).
Formação e transformação de coletivos entre os Waikhana do rio Papuri (alto rio Negro)
Authors: Scolfaro Aline
Published: May 2024

Resumo Partindo de uma análise das dinâmicas socioespaciais dos Waikhana, um dos grupos da família tukano do alto rio Negro, e de uma contextualização etnográfica do envolvimento de alguns subgrupos waikhana com o que veio a ser chamado na região de ‘movimento de revitalização da cultura’, este artigo busca discutir questões importantes que perpassam o tema clássico da hierarquia no Uaupés contemporâneo. Com base em dados etnográficos coletados entre os Waikhana do rio Papuri, pretende-se apontar e debater alguns modos por meio dos quais a problemática da hierarquia e do sistema de prestígio no Uaupés parecem abertos a reinterpretações e redirecionamentos que os diversos clãs e indivíduos agenciam a partir de um conjunto heterogêneo de variáveis. Conforme veremos, diferenças de perspectiva dentro da própria estrutura de clãs, territorialidade, coesão e fragmentação, crescimento e diminuição populacional, competências no campo político-ritual e até mesmo os acasos da história estão entre os fatores que parecem operar um dinamismo nas relações que fundamentam o idioma da hierarquia e o sistema de prestígio uaupesiano.
Body (Auto)Biographed in Facial Hair Transplants (1972) and Rape Scene (1973): configurations of meanings for a feminist performative pedagogy
Authors: Nascimento Cláudia Simone Oliveira do , Pereira Marcelo de Andrade
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT This article presents a discussion about gender based on the notions of performance and performativity, seeking to weave relationships between these terms with art and the educational field. It pursues the idea of a performative feminist pedagogy, performed by the (auto)biographed body, in artistic performances developed by women, involving the issue of gender, more specifically the performances Facial Hair Transplants (1972) and Rape Scene (1973), by the Cuban artist Ana Mendieta. Supported by researchers from multiple areas, this study aims to critically contribute to the area of education, redefining educational practice from an aesthetic and gender principle, offering reflections on the production of difference.
Itineraries of transvestites and transsexuals accessing hormonal treatment at the AMIG (RJ) and characterization of service users
Authors: Moquedace Patricia dos Santos , Maciel Elvira Maria Godinho de Seixas
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT This article aimed to obtain a profile of and understand how transsexual and transvestite people gained access to the health system up until referral to the reference unit for hormonal monitoring at the Multidisciplinary Gender Identity Outpatient Clinic in Rio de Janeiro state (AMIG). Data were collected from 458 medical records to characterize the clinic’s patients. Bertaux Life Narrative method was employed for the interviews, with the participation of 16 people, namely, six transsexual women, two transvestites, and eight transsexual men. The results indicate that most medical records (61%) are from trans women; most clients served are Black (Black and brown) and do not have chronic diseases. The analyzed interviews revealed that the problematic access was associated with the perceived lack of health professionals’ qualifications, the lack of a standardized protocol for regulation, and centralized care in the reference unit. It is necessary to develop a protocol for equity in regulation, the continuing education of PHC professionals to clarify the transition process and its needs, and the decentralization of the transsexualization process in order to promote equitable access.
Itinerários de travestis e transexuais no acesso ao tratamento hormonal no Amig (RJ) e caracterização dos usuários do serviço
Authors: Moquedace Patricia dos Santos , Maciel Elvira Maria Godinho de Seixas
Published: May 2024

RESUMO O artigo objetivou levantar o perfil das pessoas transexuais e travestis atendidas no Ambulatório Multidisciplinar de Identidade de Gênero (Amig) do estado do Rio de Janeiro, bem como compreender como se deu o acesso ao tratamento hormonal nessa unidade de saúde. Quanto à metodologia, para atender ao primeiro objetivo, foram estudados 458 prontuários. Em relação ao segundo objetivo, foram realizadas entrevistas com 16 pessoas, sendo 6 mulheres transexuais, 2 travestis e 8 homens transexuais; o método utilizado foi o de Narrativas de Vida de Bertaux. Os resultados da pesquisa nos prontuários apontam que 61% são mulheres trans; a maioria dos usuários atendidos são negros (pretos e pardos) e não possuem doenças crônicas. Os resultados obtidos pela análise das entrevistas revelam que a dificuldade no acesso esteve associada à percepção de falta de qualificação dos profissionais de saúde, à inexistência de um protocolo padronizado para regulação e à centralização do atendimento na unidade de referência. Conclui-se que é necessário elaborar um protocolo para que seja praticada a equidade no encaminhamento e na regulação, a educação permanente dos profissionais da atenção primária visando ao esclarecimento em torno do processo de transição e suas necessidades, bem como a descentralização do processo transexualizador.
Introduction to the Special Issue on DEIA in Copyright Librarianship
Authors: Benson Sara
Published: May 2024

An introduction to the special issue from the guest editor, Sara R. Benson.
Optimisation of the bone single photon emission computed tomography in oncology patients
Authors: Salkica Nusret , Begić Amela , Beganović Adnan , Julardžija Fuad , Šehić Adnan , Ćorović Halil , Hadžimusić Safet , Skopljak-Beganović Amra
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The introduction of hybrid imaging systems such as Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography (SPECT/CT) has completely changed the scanning procedure of conventional diagnostic nuclear medicine protocols. Modern bone scintigraphy protocols include SUV quanitification and Whole Body (WB) SPECT/CT scanning modality. The major limitation of these new technologies is relatively long scanning time. New detector systems with modern reconstruction softwares have been developed for fast scanning SPECT protocolos. These new technologies can produce images of reduced acquisition with same quality as full scanning acquisition. As a result new studies suggest that planar WB scintigraphy should be replaced with WB SPECT/CT.
Methods: One hundred oncology patients performed SPECT/CT as a part as their clinical follow-up. Three different scanning and three reconstruction protocols have been evaluated. Two nuclear medicine physicians evaluated with Likert scale image sharpness, lesion visibility, and lesion background detectability. The overall image quality was determined as the sum of these three parameters.
Results: In terms of scan duration reduction on image quality, Volumetrix Evolution for Bone performed during ultra-fast SPECT acquisition achieved the highest score, which is superior compared to the standard SPECT acquisition protocol. The overall image quality was the best with the Volumetrix MI Evolution for Bone protocol for ultra-fast acquisition
Conclusion: The Evolution for Bone protocol for ultra-fast acquisition showed best results compared to other protocols. The adoption of new acquisition SPECT protocol may offer more comfortable exams, resulting in higher patient satisfaction. The implementation of this new protocol can lead to an improvement in SPECT sensitivity, primarily due to the reduction of SPECT motion artifacts.
Expression of HER2, CD34, and EBV infection in gastric cancer, do they relate?
Authors: Pinheiro Alexandra , Martins Diana , Rocha Clara , Melo Fernando , Morais Inês , Colaço Inês , Andrade Sara , Caetano Rui , Carreira Patrícia , Mendes Fernando
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Gastric cancer (GC), as a multifactorial disease, exhibits a complex pathogenesis, having intra and inter-tumor heterogeneity, challenging the efficacy of current treatments. GC is a major global health problem, and better diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are needed, leading to further biomarkers research associated with innovative targeted therapies. Our aim was to study human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), Epstein Barr virus (EBV), and CD34 expression in GC samples to understand the relationship between these markers and relate them with the clinicopathological characteristics.
Methods: Thirty samples of primary carcinoma gastrectomy cases performed between February 2017 and December 2021 at the Hospital Distrital da Figueira da Foz, EPE, were studied after approval by the Ethics Committee. Immunohistochemistry assays were performed in sections of the selected tumor representative samples.
Results: All samples were negative for EBV and only two GC samples were positive for HER2. A significant statistical relationship was found between gender and CD34+ stroma cells. Microvascular density and stroma CD34+ cells presented relations with clinicopathological features and a positive tendency between them. Our study was able to identify a relationship between CD34+ stroma cells and females.
Conclusion: With this study, we mainly explored the potential role of CD34 as a biomarker in GC and projected possible associations of prognostic and therapeutic value toward other HER2 and EBV markers.
Effect of Sn-MCM-41 hydrothermal synthesis conditions on nopol production
Authors: Villa Aída Luz , Montes de Correa Consuelo , Alarcón Edwin
Published: May 2024

Several catalysts were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis of Sn-MCM-41 at room temperature using SnCl2 •2H2 O as precursor salt. Catalysts were characterized by TPD of ammonia, FTIR of adsorbed pyridine and TPR of H2 . The reactivity of the synthesized materials for the Prins condensation of β-pinene with paraformaldehyde to obtain nopol was explained in terms of the type of acidity. The most active catalysts showed medium strength acidity. Materials synthesized under pH control and by adding the metal source as a solid, exhibited medium strength acidity.
Analytical method for determining ethylenethiourea (etu) by-product of Mancozeb in Andisol of East Antioquia
Authors: Domínguez María Carolina , Peñuela Gustavo , Flórez María Teresa
Published: May 2024

The Mancozeb (etilenbisditiocarbamato of zinc and manganese) is one of the fungicides of greater use in Colombia, and is classified in toxicological category IV. Ethylenethiourea (ETU) is the main product of degradation of the Mancozeb, classified in toxicological category I because of its carcinogenic and mutagenecity, which turns it a compound of high risk for people health. In the present work a method of analysis of the ETU was validated using the chromatography of liquids with diode array detector, which was used for the quantification of the ETU in soils of the municipality of Marinilla (East of Antioquia). The soil used in the analysis of the ETU was determined as an Acrudoxic mixed argillaceous medial Fulvudand, isomésico, these soils are used for agriculture in the Department of Antioquia and Colombia. The detection limit of analysis was 0,00046 mg/L, the limit of quantification was 0,0015 mg/L and the percent recovery in soil was 93%.
Investigating Potential Sources of Sore Throat: Physico-Chemical Attributes and Microbial Contamination in Rambutan from Fresh Harvests and Retail Stores
Authors: Izhar Iliya Zakirah , Zubairi Saiful Irwan , Nurzahim Zainun , Yaakob Harisun , Mohd Kasim Zalifah
Published: May 2024

Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum), a tropical fruit cherished for its succulent flesh and vibrant appearance, is cultivated extensively across various regions worldwide. However, despite its popularity, the fruit faces challenges related to particulate contamination during the harvesting process. Particulate matter contamination refers to the presence of solid or liquid particles suspended in the air or adhered to the fruit's surface, posing potential risks to both consumer health and fruit quality. Hence, this study aims to identify the factors in rambutan that could cause sore throats by analysing its physicochemical properties and conducting a microbiological study. For this study, two samples of rambutan fruit which are rambutan sold in stores (RS) and rambutan freshly harvested from the tree (RT) were collected and analysed for their external peel, internal peel, and pulp parts (n = 3). The assessment included the weight of visible fine dirt, pH value, oil content, surface morphology and total coliform (TPC). The results showed that the weight of visible fine dirt on RT external peel (93.50 ± 5.00 mg) and the pH value of its external peel and pulp (4.17 ± 0.00 - 5.17 ± 0.00) were significantly higher and more acidic (p<0.05) than those of RS. However, there were insignificant differences (p>0.05) in oil content (0.36 ± 0.7 - 0.38 ± 0.8%) between the external peels of the rambutan samples. Additionally, the surface morphology and image analysis of RS showed more foreign particles, represented as black or white dots on its internal peel and pulp, compared to RT, which was suspected to be yeast. Moreover, the total coliform count for both samples was significantly different (p<0.05) in their external peel and pulp, but it was still within the safe eating limit. The study concluded that environmental pollution and contamination during rambutan handling could cause sore throat.
INTEGRATION OF MUSIC AND ART: SOME ASPECTS TO TEACHING HISTORY OF ART
Authors: Zavadska Galina , Bagele Ilona
Published: May 2024

One of the trends in the process of updating the contemporary education is the use of the integratd approach to teaching. The integrated approach to teaching creates the environment which helps learners to understand relations between the areas of content of different arts. This approach is first and foremost oriented towards the development of learners’creative thinking and imagination. The program developed for teaching potential designers in Daugavpils University includes courses on history of Art. The History of Art operates with such common art categories as harmony, rhythm, genre, form, style, content, contrast, imaginative contrast etc. Being aware of mutual links between such arts as painting and music will develop understanding about associative imaginary links of the language of artistic expression. Comprehension of composer’s or painting’s creative work or an individual composition within the context of spiritual quest of the epoch allows us to broaden our perceptions about general regularities of the development of historical processes and art in one or another historical period. Those developmental periods of art, when the interaction between its different kinds was the most intensive and satiated the whole cultural aspect of the epoch (romanticism, impressionism, expressionism), attract the greatest attention. In music literature, the most delicate form of sound patterns is manifested in musical landscapes. Natural phenomena, due to their nature, can be not only seen but also heard, and therefore, the range of their reflection in music is tremendously broad. The research aim based on an integrated approach to teaching, to research the interaction between music and painting, as example using the creative work of Latvian landscapist Vilhelms Purvītis and Latvian composer Alfrēds Kalniņš. The paper focuses on the possibility to integrate art and music in the context of enrichment of students’ knowledge and skills.
MANAGING THE PANDEMIC IN CARE HOMES – OLDER PEOPLE'S PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Zemaitaityte Irena , Radziuliene Veslava
Published: May 2024

The ageing population and the challenges it poses are becoming more and more pressing, both in Lithuania and in other European countries. This requires constant attention from researchers and institutions providing social services and education activities. A new challenge is the Covid - 19 pandemic, which has resulted in nursing homes banning visits to residents and restricting educational activities in order to protect the elderly. Residents were not allowed to see relatives and friends. The pandemic and the quarantine imposed in Lithuania caused stress and anxiety for the residents and the negative social consequences are still being felt even after the pandemic. Nine semi-structured interviews were carried out to reveal the attitudes of older people towards the management of the pandemic in care institutions and the peculiarities of communication in care homes during the quarantine. The research revealed that during quarantine, lonely older people were sensitive to a lack of opportunities for social communication, and felt a lack of closeness among people. As a result of the quarantine regime lonely older people felt unfulfilled, lost the ability to realize themselves through certain activities.
WORKING CAPACITY FOR PERSONS WITH MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
Authors: Barone Līga , Atstāja Dzintra , Zakriževska-Belogrudova Maija
Published: May 2024

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are prevalent globally and result in substantial personal distress and significant social expenses for businesses and society. The ageing population and labor shortages exacerbate these effects. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of MDS on employment absenteeism and presenteeism. Two instruments, the EQ-5D and the iPCQ, were used to quantitatively survey the Latvian population. 949 respondents of working age were surveyed. From this group, 553 respondents with MSD were selected, averaging 47 years old, 50.6% of whom were men. The results showed that 7.23% experienced absenteeism in the last month. Additionally, 45.9% reported discomfort at work due to MSDs. The EQ-5D-5L questionnaire revealed a decline in health-related quality of life with increasing age, highlighting the significance of addressing the aging workforce and promoting health preservation. 38.3% of respondents with MSDs received rehabilitation interventions, which showed a moderate association with health-related quality of life. The study showed that there is a negative correlation between health-related quality of life and productivity loss. This highlights the importance of comprehensive interventions that address both the physical and psychological aspects of MSDs. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, employers, and healthcare professionals to design targeted interventions that improve the health and productivity of individuals with MSDs.
THE THE WORD CHAIN TEST: THE NORMATIVE DATA FOR STUDENTS FROM GRADES 1 TO 9
Authors: Trinīte Baiba , Tūbele Sarmīte
Published: May 2024

The Word Chain Test (WCT) is a rapid screening procedure that appears to identify primary and secondary school students with poor silent word decoding abilities. The WCT was adapted to the Latvian language in 2003. However, norms for the test had yet to be established. The study is aimed to develop the WCT normative data set for students from grades 1 to 9. Students from grades 1 to 9 (N = 4476) representing all geographical regions of Latvia, urban and country territories completed the WCT that included two subtests – letter chains and word chains. The descriptive statistic parameters were estimated for each grade. The results demonstrated statistically significant correlations between scores of word and letter chains and the age of students. The statistically significant differences in the average scores of letter and word chains were found between boys and girls. The scores of letter and word chains were scaled separately for boys and girls by grade using a standard nine-point scale. The 5th, 7th, and 16th percentiles were estimated for diagnostic purposes. The developed WCT normative data set allows the examiner to assess students' visual-spatial and word-decoding skills. Future studies should continue the standardization procedures by determining the convergent and clinical validity of the WCT.
MODELS OF PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT FOR BIOLOGY TEACHERS IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIAL CHANGES
Authors: Kovalchuk Vasyl , Chekaniuk Kateryna , Volch Iryna , Mykhailyshyn Halyna
Published: May 2024

This article aims to explore the impact of social changes on the professional development of biology teachers. The purpose of the study is the analysis of modern challenges in the field of education and the development of a model of professional growth of a biology teacher. The following methods are employed in the study: analysis and synthesis of literature on the research topic to determine the current state of the investigated problem, systematic analysis, and synthesis of obtained information to identify the main models of professional development for biology teachers. The regulatory framework ensuring conditions for the professional development of teachers has been analyzed. Modern economic and technological changes, socio-cultural and political transformations, dynamics of interethnic and cultural relations in Ukraine, high population mobility, and migration processes affect the education system and the professional development of teachers. In the scientific discourse, among effective models of professional development for teachers, scholars distinguish: concepts of teaching and development of teachers' professional abilities based on knowledge (knowledge for practice, knowledge in practice, personal knowledge); models of professional development for educators (training model, award-bearing model, deficit model, cascading model, standards-based model, coaching/mentoring model, community of practice model, action research model, transformational model); competency, cognitive, human-centered models; models of applied science, craftsmanship, reflective, apprentice-expert model, rationalist model, case studies model, cascading. The author proposes an original model of professional development, which involves six stages: analysis of contemporary challenges, professional training based on teachers' needs, creation of an individual development plan, integration of innovative technologies into professional activities, self-evaluation, and the establishment and support of professional communities. The main research results indicate the need to reconsider traditional approaches to teaching biology and emphasize the use of modern technologies in the professional development of teachers for successful implementation of changes in the educational environment.
The Right to Health as a Personal Non-property Right in Relation to Work
Authors: Bondarenko E. N. , Mzhavanadze E. A.
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of personal intangible labor rights, which is little studied in the science of labor law, as the most important part of the content of the labor relationship, which has become relevant during the transition of society to the information state. The right to health is one of the most important personal intangible right of an employee. Due to its binding nature, it can be carried out only in an employment relationship, therefore it is necessary to legalize it as one of the main subjective rights of an employee in the Labor Code. The current Labor Code does not contain the concept of personal non-property rights and does not include the basic rights of an employee as such. Even though the fact that personal character as a sign of an employment relationship has always existed throughout the history of labor law (both legally and in doctrine). In the science of labor law, the question of the need for in-depth research of the non-property part of the labor relationship has historically remained relevant, although ambiguously understood. Our science has accepted deeply researched civil law categories of personal non-property rights and intangible benefits, but it seems that not all of them are relevant for personal non-property labor rights. The article attempts to critically analyze the opinions expressed in science and offer their views on this controversial issue.
Social and Legal Aspects of Mentoring: History and Modernity
Authors: Shesteryakov I. A.
Published: May 2024

The article discusses issues of legal regulation of mentoring in the world of work. The author talks about the history of the issue of legal regulation of mentoring in labor. The article also examines today’s legal regulation of mentoring and offers the author’s definitions of this concept. The author considers the issue of mentoring in connection with the concept of “young worker”. The work notes the ambiguity and diversity of the institution of mentoring, and raises the question of the need to consolidate this legal concept in the current legislation. The article pays attention to the concept of mentoring not only in the Russian Federation, but also in some BRICS countries.
On some Aspects of the Work of the Faculty of Higher Education
Authors: Varakina L. A. , Zaikina I. V.
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the issue of attracting teachers to carry out professional activities in higher educational institutions. Reform and optimization of higher education affects nature and conditions of employment of teachers of Russian universities. There is a decrease in the status and prestige of teaching. Legislative changes do not always contribute to increasing the prestige of the profession, as well as the desire of practitioners to transfer their experience to the younger generation in educational organizations. An important role in this is played by the requirements for persons applying for the positions of faculty of higher education. If you look at other problematic aspects of the legal regulation of the labor of education workers, taking into account the optimization of the labor process by the employer, then the status of a teacher of higher education does not become one of the goals of a future career for young professionals. It seems that a more thoughtful approach is needed to establish the requirements for the teaching staff of the university. To achieve the main task of vocational training, an effective system of replacing teaching positions should be established, taking into account the realities of our time.
International Legal Outer Space Policy of the United States of America
Authors: Vylegzhanin Alexander , Yuzbashyan Mariam , Alekseev Maxim
Published: May 2024

The new outer space natural resources policy of the United States, outlined between 2015 and 2020 by national legislation (including the U.S. Space Resource Exploration and Exploitation Act of 2015 and the U.S. Executive Order of April 6, 2020) and in 2020 also by the U.S.-initiated separate international Artemis Aсcords, is meant to be consistent with the universal Outer Space Treaty of 1967, the basic source of international space law. This policy, which opens access for private investors to natural resources of celestial bodies under the American legislation has commanded a wide international attention not only because of the exhilarating data on the high density of deposits of precious metals and other highlydemanded natural resources on some asteroids, but also because of the question raised during the workings of the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space: does this policy violate the US obligations under international law according to which the use of outer space, including celestial bodies, constitutes "the province of all mankind"? Or is it more rational for other states to create a similar international format of selective cooperation in order to be among the first to exploit the wealth of nearby celestial bodies without devoting political efforts to collectively establish international offense committed by the United States? Can a national legal and international legal response of Russia, China and other states, which are not subordinated to the United States, supported by their technological and industrial outer space infrastructure applicable to the outer space natural resources activities, become an effective incentive to negotiate a universal special international legal regime? It appears to be feasible since it is necessary to ensure conflict-free and, consequently, economically stable outer space natural resources activities corresponding to the national interests of the majority of states even with different international legal positions.
Exploring Mechanism of Actions for Eugenol and Beta-Caryophyllene to Combat Colorectal Cancer Chemotherapy Using Network Pharmacology
Authors: Trivedi Krupali , Rathaur Pooja , Parmar Nilam , Pancholi Suraj , Gelat Brijesh , Chettiar Shiva , Patel Alpesh , Jhala Devendrasinh
Published: May 2024

This study explores the potential of essential oils, Eugenol (EUG), and Beta-Caryophyllene (BCP) in enhancing the efficacy of the chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in treating metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). Pharmacokinetic assessment through ADMET analysis indicates that EUG and BCP adhere to the rule of five with good bioavailability, ensuring their drug-likeness properties. The study employs a multitarget strategy to reduce drug dosage and enhance effectiveness, testing the compounds on the HCT116 human colorectal cancer cell line. MTT assay revealed in-vitro cytotoxic effects of EUG, BCP, and 5-FU, with a noteworthy reduction in IC50 values observed when combining the compounds, indicating synergistic effects (CI < 1) as depicted in the Fa-CI plot. Network pharmacology-based analysis of the compound-disease-target (C-D-T) network identifies 58, 24, and 49 target proteins for EUG, BCP, and 5-FU, respectively, in metastatic CRC. Venn diagram intersection reveals 11 common target proteins, and the merged C-D-T network highlights 84 target proteins, with 16 selected based on edge count, including HSP90AA1, IGF-1R, ESR1, and CASP3. Molecular docking studies indicate that EUG, BCP, and 5-FU effectively inhibit the core target protein HSP90AA1 within the C-D-T network, suggesting their potential as modulators for CRC metastasis. These findings propose a promising approach for developing drugs targeting specific proteins to mitigate metastasis in colorectal cancer.
Quality of multiple choice question items: item analysis
Authors: Alemu Ayenew Takele , Tesfa Hiwot , Mulugeta Addisu , Fenta Enyew Tale , Belay Mahider Awoke
Published: May 2024

Background: There are different types of exam formats for educational assessment. Multiple choice questions (MCQs) are frequently utilized assessment tools in health education. Considering the reliability and validity in developing MCQ items is vital. Educators often face the difficulty of developing credible distractors in MCQ items. Poorly constructed MCQ items make an exam easier or too difficult to be answered correctly by students as intended learning objectives. Checking the quality of MCQ items is overlooked and too little is known about it. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the quality of MCQ items using the item response theory model.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among MCQ items of public health courses administered to 2nd year nursing students at Injibara university. A total of 50 MCQ items and 200 alternatives were evaluated for statistical item analysis. The quality of MCQ items was assessed by difficulty index (DIF), discrimination index (DI), and distractor efficiency (DE) using students’ exam responses. Microsoft excel sheet and SPSS version 26 were used for data management and analysis.
Results: Post-exam item analysis showed that 11 (22%) and 22 (44%) MCQs had too difficult and poor ranges for difficulty and discriminating powers respectively. The overall DE was 71.3%. About forty (20%) distractors were non-functional. Only 8 (16%) MCQs fulfilled the recommended criteria for all-DIF, DI, and DE parameters.
Conclusions: The desirable criteria for quality parameters of MCQ items were satisfied only in a few items. The result implies the need for quality improvement. Continuous trainings are required to improve the instructors’ skills to construct quality educational assessment tools.
Combination therapy for hypertension management: insights from the Indian experts
Authors: Jain Peeyush , Jha S. C.
Published: May 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a significant global health challenge, with India bearing a disproportionate burden of CVD-related morbidity and mortality. Hypertension (HTN) is a major risk factor for CVDs, affecting nearly 30% of the Indian population. Achieving target blood pressure (BP) levels is crucial for reducing cardiovascular risk, necessitating aggressive antihypertensive therapy. Combination therapy has emerged as a cornerstone in HTN management, especially in high-risk patients. This review delves into the literature and perspectives of Indian cardiologists on combination therapy for HTN management. Despite the efficacy of contemporary antihypertensive medications, a substantial proportion of patients fail to reach target BP levels with monotherapy. Combination therapy offers synergistic effects, addressing multiple pathways involved in HTN pathogenesis. Recent guidelines recommend initiating treatment with two-drug combinations, transitioning to three-drug combinations in resistant cases. Combination therapy not only enhances BP control but also reduces the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality compared to monotherapy. Optimal management of HTN requires personalized approaches, considering individual patient profiles and comorbidities such as coronary artery disease (CAD), diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipidemia, and heart failure (HF). In such cases, combination therapy plays a pivotal role in mitigating cardiovascular risks. ARB/CCB combination therapy, particularly telmisartan/amlodipine, demonstrates significant efficacy and tolerability across various patient populations, including those with metabolic risk factors and renal impairment. Expert recommendations highlight the importance of individualized therapy, patient education, early diagnosis, and initiation with dual therapy in India. Strategies to improve medication adherence and compliance, such as single-pill double or triple combinations, are emphasized. Moreover, awareness of newer treatment options and contactless diagnostic instruments is crucial for optimizing HTN management. In conclusion, combination therapy stands as a cornerstone in HTN management, offering enhanced efficacy, tolerability, and cardiovascular protection. Tailored approaches guided by expert recommendations are essential to address the growing burden of HTN and reduce the socioeconomic impact of CVDs in India.
Selección dinámica de beneficiarios de programas sociales: opciones de mejora de la estimación de prueba de medias
Authors: Álvarez Esteban , Beuermann Diether , Dueñas Juliana , Hoffmann Bridget , Mojica Uruena Tatiana , Stampini Marco , Vargas David , Vera-Cossio Diego A.
Published: May 2024

Los choques y las crisis generan inestabilidad en los ingresos de los hogares, y complican la tarea de seleccionar los beneficiarios de los programas sociales. En este estudio, comparamos el desempeño de cuatro métodos de focalización en términos de errores de exclusión (de hogares elegibles), errores de inclusión (de hogares no elegibles), bienestar social y gasto del Gobierno. Utilizamos un conjunto único de datos panel de una muestra aleatoria de hogares del Registro Social de Colombia, que contiene información de antes, durante y después de la crisis económica de 2020. Encontramos que, en comparación con el método tradicional estático conocido como Proxy Means Test (PMT), la actualización del puntaje para reflejar la pérdida de activos no genera cambios significativos, ya que esta pérdida es limitada en comparación con la pérdida de ingresos. Asimismo, encontramos que aumentar el número de beneficiarios elevando el umbral de elegibilidad reduce los errores de exclusión y mejora el bienestar social, pero con un costo fiscal alto. Por su parte, un método de focalización dinámico que incluya información sobre la pérdida de empleo reduce los errores de exclusión y mejora el bienestar social, limitando la carga en el presupuesto del Gobierno. Nuestros resultados sugieren que, si bien no existe un método perfecto, en presencia de choques idiosincráticos, los métodos de focalización dinámica pueden mejorar la selección de beneficiarios a un costo fiscal razonable. En consecuencia, la inclusión automática de datos administrativos que se actualicen con alta frecuencia pueden ser una herramienta prometedora para mejorar la focalización de programas sociales.
Investigating the Degradation Behavior of Grain Refined WE43 Magnesium Alloy Produced by Friction Stir Processing for Medical Implant Applications
Authors: Harsha Vardhan Voleti Sri Sai , Sharma Ambuj
Published: May 2024

Developing Magnesium (Mg) based degradable implants for orthopedic applications is an attractive research area for the past two decades in the biomedical engineering. Mg is well accepted by human system and does not cause any health abnormalities during its degradation in the physiological environment. However, in order to improve its life span by controlling the aggressive degradation, novel Mg alloys are developed and subjected to different treatments to enhance their performance to tailor as promising candidates for implant manufacturing. In this context, recently, a special attention is paid towards using rare earth containing Mg alloys due to their excellent mechanical and corrosion resistance properties. Hence, in the present work, WE43 Mg alloy has been selected and the microstructual modification was carried out by friction stir processing. The role of grain refinement on the degradation behavior of FSPed WE43 Mg alloy was assessed by immersing the samples in simulated body fluids. From the microstructural studies, grain size reduction from 46 ± 4.2 µm to 16.1 ± 5.4 µm was achieved after FSP. The larger intermetallic particles were also observed as dissolved into the solid solution grains and fewer intermetallic particles were remained in the stir zone of FSPed alloy. After immersion studies, the surface of the samples was deposited with mineral phases and were analyzed by X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscope and found that the grain refinement achieved by FSP has a significant effect on increasing the mineral depositions which helps to control the degradation rate of the samples.
English Language Attrition Levels and Language Maintenance Efforts among Indonesian Non-English Department Students
Authors: Uswatun Khasanah Yunita , Widiati Utami , Tresnadewi Sintha , Nunuk Wulyani Anik
Published: May 2024

In the EFL context, the primary linguistic environment for learners is a formal classroom in which they receive input, feedback, and opportunities to practice with teachers and other learners. However, as learners graduate from schools, they might no longer have access to such an environment and thus be deprived of the main intake to support acquisition and retention, which makes them susceptible to language attrition. This study aims to explore the levels of attrition experienced by 165 multilingual non-English department students 30 months after graduating from their secondary schools, the possible factors associated with attrition, and the predictive power of some language maintenance efforts (LMEs) on English attrition. The participants took standardized English tests, that is, Test 1 and Test 2 administered within a 24-month interval and responded to a questionnaire about LMEs. A paired t-test was used to establish a link between attrition level and the identified factors. A multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the predictive power of LMEs for attrition. The results show that learners with different proficiency levels experience different levels of attrition. Factors like attitude and motivation showed different degrees of correlation with attrition. A negative correlation was found in the three dimensions of LMEs: entertainment, literacy activity, and academic activity. Contrary to popular literature on first- and second-language attrition, the dimension of social interaction has a very low predictive power for foreign-language attrition.
Libro de actas del I Congreso Internacional de Estudios Sociojurídicos: transición a la paz, justicia y bioética en el siglo XXI. Tomo I
Authors: Calle Meza Melba Luz
Published: May 2024

Este libro de actas es un registro escrito de las conferencias y de los resúmenes de investigaciones (ponencias) realizadas en el I Congreso Internacional de Estudios Sociojurídicos. Transición a la paz, justicia y bioética en el siglo xxi, llevado a cabo los días 12 y 13 de noviembre de 2020, en el Aula Máxima Virtual de la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada (UMNG), en Bogotá (Colombia). El grupo de investigación Red de Estudios Sociojurídicos Comparados y Políticas Públicas (RESCYPP) y el Observatorio Internacional de la Transición a la paz (Obitpaz), del Centro de Investigaciones de la Facultad de Derecho, Sede Campus de la UMNG, con el apoyo de la Red Iberoamericana de Investigación de la Transición a la Paz (Iberpaz), organizaron este evento in ternacional y seriado, cuya primera edición propuso un debate entre académicos de Colombia, España, Italia y México. Los temas específicamente tratados fueron: 1) transición a la paz, fundamentos filosóficos y constitucionales; 2) transición a la paz, seguridad y fuerzas militares; 3) transiciones políticas y paz territorial; 4) justicia transicional, características y fundamentos político-jurídicos; 5) transición a la paz y bioética: relaciones y aportes; 6) la Jurisdicción Especial Para La Paz (jep), tribunales internacionales de paz y derecho penal internacional; 7) justicia transicional, sociedad y empresa, y 8) transición a la paz, paramilitarismo y delincuencia organizada. El asesinato de líderes sociales. El principal logro de este encuentro científico fue el establecimiento de rasgos culturales e intereses académicos comunes, a pesar de las grandes diferencias entre los países de Latinoamérica y de Europa que fueron objeto de estudio. Se ha constatado la proximidad de experiencias, desde el punto de vista jurídico, histórico y político, que contribuyen a una mejor comprensión de nuestras conflictivas sociedades y a la formulación de alternativas, además de confirmar la gran utilidad de este tipo de cooperación científica internacional.
Impact Factor of Cost Using the Sensitivity Method
Authors: Challoumis Constantinos
Published: May 2024

This paper is a special issue about the sensibility of taxation in the cost, that is based on the Sensitivity Method. Therefore, it has been done a study for the impact factor of the tax revenues of the countries that are tax havens subject to the trustworthiness of the tax system. From the view of how much is affected the companies that participate in controlled transactions, can obtain the impact of cost, when there is not that factor with the case that exists in the analysis of transfer pricing. It determines the behavior of the tax system subject to the cost.
The Legal Status of the Customary Law of the Doreri Tribe in the Manokwari Regency within the Statehood of the Republic of Indonesia
Authors: Ramadhan Gilang
Published: May 2024

The Customary Village is designated by the Regional Regulation of the District/City, which serves as the juridical basis for the recognition of customary law by the community. However, currently, only 2 (two) regencies in the West Papua Province have legitimized this by enacting a Regional Regulation. Based on this gap, this research aims to analyze the legal status of the customary law of the Doreri tribe in Manokwari Regency within the statehood of the Republic of Indonesia. The research method used is socio legal research. The results indicate that, at present, the legal status of the customary law of the Doreri tribe is not in accordance with the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. Therefore, the customary law of the Doreri tribe lacks a strong juridical foundation because the Doreri tribe only has an association, namely the Empowerment Body for Doreri Community and Youth, with a deed issued by a Notary. This cannot serve as a strong legal basis as it is not recognized as a customary village or a unit of recognized customary law community but only as a legally sanctioned association. Therefore, it is expected that in the future, the Local Government of Manokwari Regency, especially the Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD) of the Regency, will propose a Regional Regulation (Raperda) regarding the recognition of the customary law community of the Doreri tribe.
En‘âm Sûresinin Nüzulü: Rivayet ve Metin Eksenli Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Özata Havva
Published: May 2024

Klasik tefsir merviyatı konulu kaynaklarda En‘âm sûresinin Mekke döneminin sonlarında tek seferde topluca nazil olduğu rivayet edilmektedir. Bununla birlikte sûrenin bazı âyetlerinin farklı zamanlarda indiğine işaret eden sebeb-i nüzul rivayetleri bulunmaktadır. Aynı şekilde bazı âyetlerinin Medenî olduğu bilgisi de birçok rivayette vurgulanmaktadır. Farklılaşan rivayetler, En‘âm sûresinin tek seferde mi yoksa belirli bir zaman aralığında peyderpey mi nazil olduğu konusunda bir çelişkiyi beraberinde getirmektedir. Sûrenin nüzulünün mahiyetinin tespit edilmesi ve neticede bu çelişkili durumun giderilmesi önem taşımaktadır. Bu makalede, En‘âm sûresinin metin içi ve metin dışı bağlamının değerlendirilmesi ile sûrenin nüzul sürecinin incelenmesi hedeflenmektedir. Böylece sûrenin tek seferde mi yoksa farklı zamanlarda mı nazil olduğunun tespit edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Metin dışı bağlam ile kastedilen, sûrenin tek seferde indiğini ya da sûrenin farklı âyetlerinin farklı zamanlarda ve muhtelif sebeplerle indiğini ifade eden rivayetler ekseninde şekillenen tarihî arka plandır. Metin içi bağlam ile kastedilen ise En‘âm sûresinin lafzî ve anlamsal yapısı ile ortaya çıkan metinsel özellikleridir. Bu şekilde sûrenin hem indirilişine dair rivayetler hem de metinsel özellikleri göz önüne alınarak incelenmekte ve özellikle müfessirlerin konu hakkında ortaya koydukları çözüm önerileri karşılaştırmalı bir analizle değerlendirilmektedir. Bu konu üzerinde son dönem müfessirlerinin çok daha fazla durduğu görülmüştür. Rivayetlerin hem teknik hem de içerik analizi, sûre hakkındaki sebeb-i nüzul rivayetlerin mahiyeti, sûrede ortaya çıkan metinsel bütünlük ilgili müfessirlerin bu mevzuda özellikle üzerinde durdukları konular olmuştur. Zira bazı müfessirler tek seferde indirildiğine yönelik rivayetleri hem sened hem de aksi yöndeki rivayetlerden dolayı sahih bulmamıştır. Birçok müfessir ise sûrenin tek seferde nüzulünün mümkün olduğunu iddia etmiştir. Bu görüşlerini delillendirirken de özellikle sebeb-i nüzul rivayetler üzerinde durmuşlardır. Bu rivayetlerin muteber hadis kaynaklarında yer almadığını ayrıca bunların sonradan âyetin anlamını beyan etmek için yapılan esbâb-ı nüzûl yorumlar olduğunu ifade etmişlerdir. Ayrıca hükmün taahhürü ve nüzul tekrarı gibi usule dair konulardan yararlanarak görüşlerini temellendirmeye çalışmışlardır. Sûredeki metinsel bütünlük de bu kapsamda değerlendirilmiştir. Zira En‘âm sûresinde, müşriklerin Hz. Peygamber’e ve onun tebliğ ettiği dinin her bir esasına karşı yaptıkları itirazların cevaplandığı ve câhiliyeye ait uygulamalarının, örf ve âdetlerinin reddedildiği görülmektedir. Sûrenin ilk âyetinden son âyetine kadar görebildiğimiz metinsel bütünlük ve bu paralelde seyreden tarihî arka plan ayrıca sûrenin “tek seferde nazil olduğunu” bildiren rivayetler hep birlikte ele alınınca En‘âm sûresinin tek seferde indirilmiş olması ihtimalinin yüksek olduğu görülmektedir.