bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Language shaping identity or identity shaping language – a study on sensory sound-symbolism among native Macedonian speakers
Authors: Naumoska-Sarakinska Biljana , Ribarska Emilija
Published: March 2021

A number of different theories exist concerning the origin of words. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the phýsis and the nómos/thesis theories about the origin of words, arguments debated even in one of Plato’s dialogues - Cratylus. It goes without saying that words show different relations between their form and their meaning. This paper takes a closer look at linguists’ divided opinions, presenting and comparing them, setting out from the notion that the forms of the words bear only an arbitrary association with their meaning, and goes on to discuss the notions of onomatopoeia, sound-symbolism and iconicity. Furthermore, this paper presents several studies covering the experimental approaches to sound-symbolism, with special attention devoted to sensory sound-symbolism. The summary of these studies suggests what potential elements of the form of the word might be responsible for the form-meaning relationship in a word. In addition, a small-scale online survey was conducted with the aim to investigate potential sensory sound-symbolism in Macedonian based on the above-mentioned studies, in order to see what similarities and differences exist. Evidence of patterns of non-arbitrariness present in language is analysed through a discussion of the relation between the form, particularly the sounds and the meaning of words. / Keywords: arbitrariness, sound-symbolism, iconicity, form-meaning relations, ideophones
Peer learning: Mentoring in a Portuguese as a foreign language course
Authors:   Polytechnic Institute of Lisbon, Portugal, Estrela Antónia , Santos Ferreira Patrícia ,   Polytechnic Institute of Lisbon, Portugal, Boléo Ana ,   Polytechnic Institute of Lisbon, Portugal
Published: March 2021

Mentoring is valued in foreign language learning, as it is based on the recognition of the benefits of the interaction between peers. This paper aims at presenting the results of a mentorship experience thought for a Portuguese as a Foreign Language course in higher education, in 2017/18. The mentees are Erasmus students attending these courses. This initiative was developed through the preparation of mentors, structured sessions of interaction between mentors and mentees, a reflection upon the experienced process and the administration of questionnaires to the participants. Data were collected through direct observation, following a naturalist observation protocol. There was a content analysis of the answers for open questions and a statistical analysis of all answers. Results suggest the existence of positive effects of the mentoring program, such as the individual, social and linguistic development of the mentors, the mentees’ integration and learning of Portuguese and the interpersonal relationship in both groups. / Keywords: mentoring, Portuguese as foreign language, Erasmus program
Creating a favourable language identity through grammar accuracy enhancement. The Verb and Adverb Systems in English – A book review
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Serbia, Milić Mira
Published: March 2021

The book entitled The Verb and Adverb Systems in English was published only a month ago by the Faculty of Law and Business Studies dr Lazar Vrkatić, Novi Sad, Serbia, a higher education institution where the book Author, Tatjana Glušac, is employed as an associate professor. Tatjana works at the Department of English at the mentioned Faculty and the book is, as it is stated in the Introduction, primarily intended for her first-year students, but it certainly has wider appeal. The book has 261 pages and is divided into eleven chapters, which offer a synthesis of up-to-date, relevant theoretical concepts related to the English verb and adverb systems. Moreover, each chapter is accompanied by a set of exercises/activities aimed at initiating discussion about a number of possible answers to the questions they contain, assessing students’ understanding of the presented theoretical concepts, or their ability to apply the newly acquired content in communicative contexts. Explaining in detail how the verb and adverb systems function in the English language, not only does Tatjana contribute to the expansion of her students’ knowledge of these aspects of English grammar, but she also helps them question their existing knowledge base and amend any potential erroneous beliefs they might hold. Since many activities require the application of knowledge, provoke discussion, and active language use, they contribute to improving students’ language ability and thinking. Perfecting their knowledge of grammar is paramount both for the quality of the education they are pursuing and the quality of different language services they will provide one day. The Author succeeds in achieving all that has been mentioned so far not only by providing a sound synthesis of relevant linguistic sources, but also by using good examples to illustrate her theoretical points and, wherever possible, by explaining how a certain grammatical point is realized in different varieties of the English language.
Criminal misdemeanors as a novelty of criminal and criminal procedure legislation
Authors: Begma Andrii , Muliar Galyna , Khovpun Oleksii
Published: March 2021

The scientific article pays attention to the consideration of the concepts of “criminal offense”, “criminal offense”, “crime” andtheir implementation in criminal and criminal procedure legislation. Amendments to the legislation that came into force in connectionwith the adoption of the Law of Ukraine “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on Simplification of Pre-trial Inves -tigation of Certain Categories of Criminal Offenses” are considered. The issue devoted to the new subject of criminal procedure – thecoroner and the head of the inquiry body is investigated.The article considers the types of evidence that are taken into account in the investigation of criminal offenses. Such evidenceshould include: explanations of persons, results of medical examination, expert opinion, testimony of technical devices and technicalmeans that have the functions of photography and filming, video recording, or means of photography and filming, video recording. Thepossibility of using evidence in the investigation of crimes is considered.During the criminal proceedings, a new entity is identified, which is actually engaged in the investigation of criminal offenses,such an entity is the investigator. Inquiry is a new unit that investigates criminal offenses. Inquiries are carried out by inquiry subdivisionsor authorized persons of other subdivisions.A criminal offense is an act (action or omission) provided by the Criminal Code, for which the main penalty is a fine of not morethan three thousand non-taxable minimum incomes or other punishment not related to imprisonment. Procedural sources of evidencein criminal proceedings on criminal offenses, in addition to certain Art. 84 of the CPC, there are also explanations of persons, the resultsof medical examinations, expert opinion, indications of technical devices and technical means that have the functions of photographyand filming, video recording, or means of photography and filming, video recording.The legislator does not rule out that the sources of evidence are testimony, physical evidence, documents, expert opinions, but infact the explanations of persons, the results of medical examinations, expert opinion, indications of technical devices and equipmentthat have the functions of photography and filming, video or photo – and filming, video recordings are also identified as sources of evidence.The purpose of such a division is to distinguish between sources of evidence that can be used to prove crimes and criminal offenses.In addition, there is a misunderstanding – what exactly can we use to form the evidence base in criminal proceedings.
Safety of Convicts and Correctional Staff in Pandemic
Authors: Haltsova Olena
Published: March 2021

The Author studies safety of convicts and staff during conviction. It is emphasized that infectious or viral diseases of pandemicnature are among potential threats which endanger life and health of convicts and correctional staff. The article notes that convicts andcorrectional staff are the most vulnerable to infectious or viral diseases of pandemic nature. It is related to the fact that correctionalfacilities (CF) are the locations where people are most congregated while many of them have number of concomitant diseases like seriousinfection, incurable illness, TB, hepatitis, HIV, etc.It is emphasised that the state’s primary task is not only ensure but also develop sound measures to protect the above individualsin practice. The article notes that the implementation of these measures will be more efficient if the components of the term of “safety”are clearly defined. This will allow to define comprehensive measures required to save as many human lives as possible and ensuregood health as human life and health are the highest priorities for the society and state. The article provides analysis of the definitionof the term of “safety” and its components. The conclusion goes that in order to ensure safety of convicts and correctional staff the statemust take all required measures to protect life and health of the above from any source of danger during conviction.The article acknowledges that proper living conditions in Ukraine are still not ensured, the minimum essential sanitary standardsin CF are inadequate, despite of a number of laws designed to improve conviction conditions have been passed. It is noted that it’s theresponsibility of the government to protect life and health of the convicts and correctional staff, however due to various factors not allmeasures are efficient enough to successfully prevent COVID-19.

Multiple convict and staff safety violations are found in CF during the pandemic in Ukraine. The article includes recommendationsof international organisations including WHO, recommendations of the CE Commissioner for Human Rights, High UN Commissionerfor Human Rights, European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment on all requiredmeasures to ensure to life and health of convicts and correctional staff.The Author provides the following recommendations on resolving the problem of safety of convicts and correctional staff:amnesty; adequate social, economic, organisational and legal measures; sufficient funding of CF’s; amending of penal correction le -gislation aimed at its improvement.
Problems of classification of extremist crimes
Authors: Babii Alla
Published: March 2021

he article presents the results of a study of the problems of classification of extremist acts based on the Criminal Code ofUkraine. The classification of extremist acts contributes to a deeper understanding of the essence of such attacks and is the basis forbuilding a system to counter extremism in Ukraine. The author analyzes the grounds for distinguishing a criminological group underthe general name «extremist crimes». The lack of unanimity among scholars regarding the name by which extremist acts should be de -signated in domestic legal literature has been ascertained. It is proposed to further use the concept of «extremist crimes» in order toeliminate terminological confusion in the field of countering extremism. Based on the results of the study, it was proposed that extremistcrimes be classified according to the criterion of a tribal object of assault.The findings of the study contain a list of extremist crimes that is not exhaustive. A broad and narrow approach to understandingthe category of «extremist crimes» has been proposed. Crimes related to extremist activities (extremist crimes in the broad sense) are proposed to be classified into extremist acts themselves, that is, extremist crimes in the narrow sense and crimes related to extremism,directly related to extremist activities, but not extremist acts.It is concluded that the system of extremist crimes is composed not only of extremist acts themselves, but also crimes that ensurethe implementation of extremist activities and are directly related to it. In order to ensure a systemic counteraction to extremism,extremist crimes in the broad sense include not only extremist acts themselves – crimes provided for by the Criminal Code of Ukrainecommitted from extremist motives (purposes), but also crimes that ensure the implementation of extremist activity and are directly relatedto it. It is worth taking into account that terrorist crimes and «separatist» crimes are covered by the concept of «extremist crimes».Extremist crimes should be divided into political, national, religious, economic and environmental.
Features of the investigation of genocide
Authors: Gerasymenko Mykola
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the consideration of such a resonant crime as genocide. The purpose of the article is to form an idea ofgenocide as a crime, its investigation on the basis of analyzed regulations and investigations of this category of crimes.Particular attention is paid to the definition of the term “genocide” in accordance with national and international law (the definitionof the term is considered in the Criminal Code of Ukraine and the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide).The procedure of recognizing acts as genocide (the Holodomor of 1932–1933 in Ukraine; deportation of Crimean Tatars fromCrimea in 1944 as genocide of the Crimean Tatar people) and coverage of such events by the international community is studied.The process of genocide investigation is considered, taking into account the term of the crime, the number of victims and thedamage caused.One of the most resonant crimes provided by the Law of Ukraine on Criminal Liability is genocide. The scale of this illegal acthas aroused civil society for a long time, but only now, in the territory of independent Ukraine, it is possible to identify those responsiblefor the genocide and bring them to justice. It is impossible to ignore the fact that the investigation of genocide and the prosecution ofthose responsible for its commission is an extremely relevant process that requires special knowledge and skills in conducting an investigation.Officials who gather evidence in criminal proceedings, find persons involved in the crime and carry out other actions aimedat establishing the truth in the case, bear a huge burden of responsibility in the form of evidence.The investigation process consists of a set of necessary investigative (search) actions and must meet the requirements for theirconduct. It is necessary to involve in the investigation trained officers who have knowledge in this area and can clearly formulate a planof investigative (search) actions, and move in this direction.
Ensuring information security in criminal proceedings
Authors: Dehtiarova Olha
Published: March 2021

The scientific article considers the issue of information protection during the investigation of criminal proceedings, informationsecurity. The position of researchers and practitioners on information security at the stage of pre-trial investigation of criminal procee -dings is studied.The provisions of the Law of Ukraine «On Information», the Strategy for the Development of the System of the Ministry of InternalAffairs of Ukraine until 2020, the Regulations on the Procedure for Maintaining the Unified Register of Pre-trial Investigations toEnsure Information Security in Proceedings are analyzed.The introduction of information technology in criminal procedure has become an urgent issue, and their application has necessitatedthe need to address the issue of information security in criminal proceedings. When investigating proceedings, the investigatorsuse databases and enter into these databases information that must be securely protected. Information in criminal proceedings needsspecial protection, as it is subject to encroachment by interested parties on its disclosure and transmission.Ensuring information security is to create appropriate conditions for the storage, processing and exchange of information that inany way relates to the investigation of criminal proceedings. Interference in the activities of pre-trial investigation bodies through informationsystems is an undermining of the principle of independence of the law enforcement system. It is important not only to combatunauthorized interference, but also to increase the degree of responsibility for such actions. Because all data collected in criminal proceedingsare protected by law and are a secret of the investigation.Information security in criminal proceedings is the protection of the information environment of electronic criminal proceedingswith the help of means and methods of information storage, which ensures the proper functioning of criminal proceedings and facilitatesthe implementation of its tasks.
International legal protection of social rights of children with disabilities
Authors: Abdullayeva Sevinj
Published: March 2021

Goal: justification of the need to expand the process of legal consolidation and protection of social rights of children with disabilities.Methods of research: analysis and study of international documents containing provisions on the social rights of children withdisabilities.Results: the normative and practical usefulness of securing the social rights of children in international legal acts is determined.A number of international legal instruments have been adopted on the rights of children with disabilities. Along with legal documents,the activities of international judicial bodies and various committees for the protection of the social rights of this category of childrencan be summarized as the activities of international mechanisms in the relevant field. Taking into account the large number of internationalnorms for the protection of the rights of children with disabilities in the social sphere, we consider it more appropriate to combinethem into two groups. First of all, it is necessary to mention the fundamental documents or general international legal acts in the fieldof protection of human rights and freedoms. Along with general international legal documents, international legal acts were adopted ina special direction to protect the rights of children with disabilities in the social sphere.Discussion: proposal to include this issue on the agenda of international organizations.
Theoretical views on formation of international investment law
Authors: Ramazanzade Malik
Published: March 2021

Goal: research of various theoretical views and approaches to the formation of international investment law.Methods of research: analysis and study of research papers and literature containing views and discussion on the formation ofinternational investment law.Results: It is the formation and development of special methods of international legal and national legal regulation of foreigninvestments that led to the formation of independent international investment law as a branch of international economic law. Theabsence of generally applicable sources of international law in the field of legal regulation of foreign investment negatively impactsdevelopment of the studied relations. Due to their special position in the system of international economic cooperation, internationalinvestment relations are an independent subject of legal regulation. The expansion and deepening of international investment relations,the existence of ever-growing international investment flows play a leading role in the globalization of the world economy which is themost important factor in the modern social development of individual countries and the world community as a whole. Methods of legalregulation of foreign investment have their own specifics.Discussion: offering a comprehensive and detailed study and research of the matter in various research institutions.
Economisation of social policy
Authors: Stelina Jakub
Published: March 2021

The subject of this study is the so-called economisation of social policy understood, however, not as rationalisationof activities of state agencies in support of specific social objectives, but as perception of social problemssolely from an accounting perspective, that of a profit and loss account. While such a view may sometimes be justifiedconsidering the situation of public finance, it can, nevertheless, lead towards weakening of the state’s protectivefunction, and thus towards destabilisation of the social system. For that very reason it is necessary to find a “goldenmean” whereby the two values, conflicting with each other at least to a certain degree, could be reconciled. Presentedbelow are two representative examples of the phenomenon, as inherent in the practice of Poland’s social policyof recent years.
Some issues of regulation of international flights by the legislation of Ukraine
Authors: Doroshenko Dmytro
Published: March 2021

The article reveals the interpretation of the concept of “international flights” in accordance with the legislation of Ukraine andsubstantiates the opinion that it is advisable to fix the corresponding definition in the provisions of the Air Code of Ukraine. In addition,the concepts of “legal regime of international flight” and “airspace of Ukraine” are analyzed, in particular, attention is paid to the problemsof establishing the boundaries of state sovereignty over airspace and various approaches to their solution and the author’s positionwith respect to this phenomenon are considered.In addition, the study of national legislation and international legal regulation of international flights provides an opportunity toidentify commonalities and differences and understand at what stage of the flight state legal regulation ceases to operate, and internationalnorms are gaining strength.The norms of international air law regulate the relations of states regarding the implementation of international flights by theiraircraft, which should be understood as flights through the airspace over the territory of more than one state. From the point of view of law, the sphere of international law covers two levels: 1) legal regulation of international flights in the airspace of a number of states;2) legal regulation of flights in international airspace. Each state independently determines the procedure for admission of foreign aircraftto its airspace. Such a permit system is the basis of the legal regime of the airspace of all states today, which is mandatory for bothscheduled and non-scheduled international flights.Note that no differences were found. The article also reveals the features of aviation and characterizes its types, which includecivil and state aviation. The author also examined the problems existing in the legislation of Ukraine in the field of safety of internationalflights and suggested possible solutions.
THE LEVEL OF OCCUPATİONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY AFFECTİNG THE MOTİVATİON OF MANAGERS
Authors:   İstanbul Aydın University, Chаrkаzzаdе Nofаl
Published: March 2021

Key words: Occupational Health and Safety, Work accident, Motivation, Manager, Expectations of managers, Motivation of managers
КОНЦЕПЦИЯ “GOOD GOVERNANCE” КАК ПОДХОД К РЕФОРМАМ В ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОМ УПРАВЛЕНИИ
Authors:   Академия Государственного Управления  при Президенте Азербайджанской Республики, Фазаир гызы Латифова Насия
Published: March 2021

Key words: good governance, public administration, the principle of cooperation, e-government
MÜLKİYYƏTİN MÜQAVİLƏ REJİMİNİN ANLAYIŞI VƏ MƏZMUNU
Authors:   Bakı Dövlət Universiteti, Fəzail qızı Zeynallı Aysel
Published: March 2021

Key words: family, law, property contract mode,legal of the property mode divorce, husband and wife, property relations,property rights
“THE LAW ON ACCESS TO INFORMATION” AS THE SOURCE OF INFORMATION LAW
Authors:   Baku State University, Sadaqat Mirzayeva Aytan
Published: March 2021

Key words: information law, source of information law, access to information, information security, restrictions on access to information
INTERNATIONAL ASPECT OF COMBATING THE CRIME OF MIGRANT SMUGGLING BY SEA
Authors:   Baku State University, Huseyn Nasirli Narmin
Published: March 2021

Key words: smuggling of migrants by sea, transnational crime, human trafficking, self-defense, protection, refugee.
Quetiapine associated tics in a pediatric patient post overdose on re-initiation: An interesting clinical scenario
Authors: Thomas Barett  , Emma Wu  , Nirmal Singh M  , Bunty Shah  , Taranjeet Jolly
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a multitude of new medical and psychiatric complications and new presentations that were either never seen before or not seen to the extent that they are presenting now. [1,2]. Increased number of suicide attempts and worsening severity of suicide attempts have been noted in the past year since the COVID-19 pandemic has started [1]. Psychotropic medications can often have lesser-known side effects and movement disorders, including tics, can be one of them [3]. Tics are recurrent, simple or complex behaviors that can be motor or phonic in nature [4,5]. Simple motor tics are often observed as rapid movements while complex motor tics are more synchronized and elaborate. Additionally, noises or brief sounds are examples of simple vocal tics, while speaking a string of words or syllables are more characteristic of a complex vocal tic [4]. The underlying pathogenesis of tics and tic disorders has not been well elucidated, dopaminergic hypothesis being the most widely accepted; however, multiple areas of the brain are speculated to be involved [4,6]. Common treatment options for tic disorders include alpha-2 agonists, clonidine and guanfacine, and antipsychotics [4,7]. Previous literature identifies two case reports that documented tics related to quetiapine. One report described a pediatric bipolar patient who developed tics proportional to quetiapine dose [8], and the other report identified an adult patient with schizophrenia who developed tics during quetiapine therapy [9]. In this article, we describe a pediatric patient who presented after overdosing on quetiapine, lamotrigine and sertraline and developed tics after re-initiation of quetiapine at a much lower dose. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of its kind where tics, which were previously absent, developed on re-initiation of quetiapine after an overdose.
Integrasi Hukum Positif Dengan Budaya Daerah Dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia
Authors: Kahar Kahar
Published: March 2021

Tulisan ini berjudul “Integrasi Hukum Positif Dengan Budaya Daerah Dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia” judul ini diangkat karena peraturan perundang-undangan sebagai hukum positif harus memperhatikan nilai-nilai hukum yang hidup dalam masyarakat. Dari judul tersebut, maka permasalahan yang ditarik adalah bagaimana impelementasi integrasi hukum positif dengan budaya daerah dalam sistem hukum Indonesia dapat diiplementasikan.

Penulisan ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif atau penelitian hukum doktrinal, yang lazimnya disebut “Legal Research” atau “Legal Research Instruction”. Penelitian ini identik penelitan kepustakaan (library research). Penelitian semacam ini, sering juga disebut studi hukum dalam buku (law in books), menekankan pada langkah-langkah spekulatif-teoritis dan analisis normatif-kualitatif. Penelitian hukum normatif atau penelitian hukum doktrinal berdasarkan data sekunder yang terdidri dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekudner dan bahan hukum tersier. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan konseptual (conseptual approach), dalam hubungan ini orientasi penelitian hukum normatif adalah law in books, dengan mengurai doktirn-doktrin hubungan hukum positif dengan budaya daerah.

Hasil penelitian ini, menggambarkan bahwa integrasi hukum positif dengan budaya daerah adalah kebutuhan dalam praktikal maupun teoritikal sehingga pengimplementasian hokum positif tidak terbebani dengan nilai-nilai budaya daerah.Rekomendasi, kiranya pekerjaan para legislatif dalam menyusun hukum positif sedapat mungkin memperhatikan budaya daerah agar tidak saling berhadap-hadapan anatara hukum positif dengan budaya daerah.
Faktor Penghambat Pelaksanaan Putusan Yang Mempunyai Kekuatan Hukum Tetap
Authors: Arifullah Arifullah
Published: March 2021

Arifullah, Nomor induk mahasiswa 4089.0135/8910208566, Beberapa faktor yang Menghambat Pelaksanaan Putusan yang Mempunyai Kekuatan Hukum Tetap Pada Pengadilan Negeri Kelas I Makassar di bawah bimbingan oleh Bapak Nasrun Usman Abdullah, SH. dan Iwan Akil SH.

Bahwa Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui lebih mendalam tentang Eksekusi Putusan Hukum Perdata yang Telah Berkekuatan Hukum Tetap Pada Pengadilan Negeri Kelas I Makassar, tentang bagaimana cara serta prosedur yang harus ditempuh oleh pemohon eksekusi,sebagaimana yang terjadi didalam masyarakat,terkadang petugas eksekusi tidak ada rasa prikemanusiaannya terhadap sitereksekusi,serta factor-faktor yang mempengaruhi eksekusi sehingga eksekusi gagal dilaksanakan atau tidak tuntas pelaksanaannya sesuai dengan diktum putusan hukum yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap yang dimohonkan eksekusi oleh pihak yang dimenangkan.

Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa   Eksekusi Putusan Hukum Perdata yang Telah Berkekuatan Hukum Tetap Pada Pengadilan Negeri Kelas I Makassar, belum sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku karena adanya faktor yang mempengaruhi antara lain, tentang adanya peninjauan kembali, perlawanan pihak ketiga, banyaknya massa yang tereksekusi dan kurangnya aparat pengamanan, serta tidak jelasnya batas objek yang tereksekusi. Ini mengakibatkan,biasanya pemohon eksekusi harus berulangkali bermohon disebabkan eksekusi tidak tuntas atau gagal, atau biasanya kurangnya kerjasama antara pengadilan dengan instansi terkait lainnya.
Penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran Neighborhood Walk Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menulis Siswa Kelas XI Perkantoran-1 SMK Negeri 1 Polewali
Authors: Halimah Halimah
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan peningkatan kemampuan siswa Kelas XI Perkantoran-1 SMK Negeri 1 Polewali dalam menulis melalui strategi pembelajaran Neighborhood Walk.

            Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan dalam tiga siklus. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI Perkantoran-1 SMK Negeri 1 Polewali Semester Ganjil tahun pelajaran 2018/2019, yang berjumlah 31 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan portofolio. Keseluruhan data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan melalui tahap-tahap: (1) menelaah seluruh data, (2) mereduksi data, (3) menyajikan data, dan (4) menyimpulkan hasil penulisan.

            Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada siklus pertama karangan deskripsi yang dibuat siswa hanya 19 siswa atau 61,29% yang mencapai nilai KKM (75), sedangkan 12 siswa atau 38,71% nilainya masih berada di bawah nilai KKM. Setelah pelaksanaan tindakan pada siklus kedua, hasil penilaian tulisan siswa menunjukkan bahwa hanya 4 siswa atau 12,90% yang nilainya tidak mencapai nilai KKM, sedangkan 27 siswa atau 87,10% yang nilainya mencapai bahkan melampaui nilai KKM. Selanjutnya, pada siklus ketiga, 31 siswa dinyatakan tuntas atau 100%. Jadi, penerapan strategi Neighborhood Walk dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menulis siswa kelas XI Perkantoran-1 SMK Negeri 1 Polewali.

            Berdasarkan hasil menulis dan simpulan yang telah dikemukakan maka disarankan agar guru bahasa Indonesia menerapkan strategi pembelajaran neighborhood walk dalam meningkatkan kemampuan menulis siswa.
Equality of Opportunity in Learning Outcomes Attainment through Financing Public Day Secondary Schools’ Resources in Kenya
Authors: Nkonge Gatwiri Winniejoy , Ndiritu John , Njihia Mukirae
Published: March 2021

Although students’ learning outcomes are not expected to be equal, the differences should not be accounted for by the differences in school resources. Equality of opportunity in financing schools’ resources is evidenced by the lack of a relationship between the availability of school resources and differences in students’ learning outcomes. Tharaka Nithi County, one of the 47 Counties in Kenya, has consistently had a high difference in students’ learning outcomes in different public day secondary schools. This study sought to establish if differences in students’ learning outcomes in Tharaka Nithi County evidence equality of opportunity. The study employed a convergent parallel mixed-method research design. A stratified random sampling technique was used to select 738 (368 male and 370 female) Form 3 students and 738 (368 male and 370 female) parents of the Form 3 students. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative data was thematically analysed. The study findings revealed that there was a strong statistically positive significant relationship, r = 0.674 at p < .01 between school resource characteristics and differences in student’s examination scores. The study also established that differences in public day secondary school resource characteristics accounted for a 6.1% difference in students’ learning outcomes after controlling for all the predictor variables which included student’s household characteristics, student’s parental/guardian characteristics, and student’s conduct characteristics. The study thus recommends that financing of public day secondary school resources should focus on equity given the inequality of opportunity in secondary education attainment.
Biological properties and phytochemical characterization from Miconia chamissois Naudin aqueous extract
Authors:   University of Brasilia, Gomes Lorena Ferreira , Martins Diegue Henrique Nascimento ,   University of Brasilia, da Silva Sandra Marcia Mazutti ,   University of Brasilia, de Barros Yuri Yabu ,   University of Brasilia, de Souza Paula Monteiro ,   University of Brasilia, de Freitas Marcela Medeiros ,   University of Brasilia, Fagg Cristopher William ,   University of Brasilia, Simeoni Luiz Alberto ,   University of Brasilia, Magalhaes Pérola Oliveira ,   University of Brasilia, Silveira Damaris ,   University of Brasilia, Fonseca-Bazzo Yris Maria ,   University of Brasilia
Published: March 2021

The objective of this study was to evaluate biological and phytochemical properties of the aqueous extract from the leaves of Miconia chamissois Naudin (AEMC). Phytochemical properties were assessed by analyzing the chromatographic profile and the polyphenol content of AEMC. Biological properties evaluation was conducted based on cytotoxicity assay and by evaluating the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and enzymatic inhibition activities. Results indicated the presence of phytochemicals in AEMC such as flavonoids and polyphenols, including rutin, isoquercitrin and vitexin derivatives. AEMC showed antioxidant activity, which may be attributed to the high polyphenolic content. Moreover, AEMC demonstrated in vitro enzyme inhibition activity against tyrosinase and alpha-amylase, as well as showed low cytotoxicity. On the other hand, AEMC exhibited weak antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and C. albicans. Thus, AEMC is a promising alternative in search of potential drugs for the treatment of diseases induced by oxidative stress and inflammation, conditions due to hyperpigmentation processes, such as melisma, as well as for diabetes.
PARAMETRIC ADJECTIVES EVALUATION OF A HUMAN FIGURE IN THE RUSSIAN PICTURE OF THE WORLD ON THE BACK OF THE CHINESE LANGUAGE
Authors:   Henan State University, Hong Zhang
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of parametric adjectives of the evaluation of the human figure in the Russian language through the prism of the Chinese language. The author reveals the ethnospecific features of Russian parametric adjectives, the presence of which causes certain difficulties for native speakers of the Chinese language picture of the world. The comparative analysis of these lexical units in the two languages reveals the national-cultural features of the perception of the human image and the features of the fragments of the national linguistic picture of the world in intercultural communication.
FORMS OF AUTHOR’S REFLECTION IN LYRICS OF G. ADAMOVICH
Authors:   Surgut State University, Khadynskaya A. A.
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the consideration of forms of author’s reflection in the lyrics of Georgy Adamovich. Various ways of self-presentation of the lyrical hero are revealed, the main of which is the dialogue with the world, which, from the point of view of the hero, is on the brink of death. Within the given topic, the metamorphoses of this dialogue are traced: from youthful acceptance of the world by the hero to the rejection that reflected the poet’s existential position. The material for the study was the poems of all four poetic collections of G. Adamovich.
Organocatalytic Asymmetric Michael/Acyl Transfer Reaction between α-Nitroketones and 4-Arylidene- pyrrolidine-2,3-diones
Authors: Parida Chandrakanta , Pan Subhas C
Published: March 2021

An organocatalytic asymmetric Michael/acyl transfer reaction between α-nitroketones and 4-arylidene-pyrrolidine-2,3-diones was reported. Bifunctional thiourea catalyst was found to be effective for this reaction. With 10 mol% of the catalyst, good results were attained for a variety of 1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ones under mild reaction conditions.
Industry 4.0 and Smart cities: State-of-the-art
Authors: Becic Amel
Published: March 2021

Smart city is one of the most exiting industries of 21st  century. For this research paper the development of smart cities and its application is explored. The key results in this paper concerns what impact does industry 4.0 have on smart cities and with technological advancements what does the future look like for smart cities, how will they develop and how will they look in future. For this research the lastest research papers written on topic of smart cities were used, with industry 4.0 and research on integration of industry 4.0 into smart cities.

The main result of this paper is to show the reader exactly what is smart city, what is industry 4.0 and how are they connected through modern cutting edge technologies.
Consonantal Structures in Phonetics and Phonology
Authors: Heo Yong
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to present and compare two different approaches (a phonetic
approach and a phonological one) for the speech sound systems of natural languages. To
this end, this study investigates natural speech sound systems with the consonantal
systems of four Slavic languages, Russian, Polish, Czech and Serbian and Croatian, on the
basis of phonetic and phonological approaches. In the phonetic approach, the consonant
inventories of the four Slavic languages are analyzed with the theory of maximal and
sufficient dispersion and the size principle, together with a frequency-based statistical
approach. Segmental universals are discussed regarding sound types such as obstruents
and sonorants. From the phonetic approach, it is shown that Slavic consonant systems
are very unusual in terms of natural languages. Palatalized sounds in Russian and
affricates and fricatives in Russian and Polish support that the Slavic consonantal
system is far removed from the general aspect of human languages. On the other hand,
with the phonological approach, four of the five feature-based principles proposed by
Clements are employed to reveal the universals of the languages. They are Feature Economy, Marked Feature Avoidance, Robustness and Phonological enhancement. What we
have seen is that some unsolved problems from the phonetic approach are explained
by phonological accounts. The fact that Russian has plenty of segments represented
by [+palatal] may not be unusual with respect to a feature-based approach. In addition,
while the phonetic approach claims that Slavic languages (in particular, Russian and
Polish) have different consonantal systems from the general aspect of natural languages
because of the marked segments, the phonological approach accounts for the universals
of these languages in the light of Robustness and Feature Economy. In short, what we get
from phonetic accounts are language universals, found by frequency-based statistical
approach while what we get from phonological accounts, using a feature-based approach,
are linguistic universals.
Brutal Highlanders and Crooked Coastals
Authors: Bešker Inoslav
Published: March 2021

This paper presents a philological and imagological analysis of the mutual contradictions of two types of characters in the corpus of Mediterranean literature. The highlander and the seasider, one brutal and the other imbedded in the hetero-conception of the other, belong to standard Mediterranean literary types, namely archetypes, from myths to the present. Literature on the Mediterranean and about the Mediterranean is abundant with typified descriptions of the highlander being a tough guy, violent, and the seasider as cunning, envious or a serial seducer. The imagology of these types and their mutual opposition is the topic of this philological analysis. The paper focuses on a comparative analysis of this imagotype/stereotype existing throughout the Mediterranean and transmitted from one literature to another throughout the centuries. The aim of the work is to review and summarize the literature concerning the archetypes of the highlander and the seasider in order to have a better understanding of the patterns of imagotypes and archetypes in the collective imaginary represented by Mediterranean literature.
THE ENGINEERING METHOD FOR UNIFYING GROUND FLOOR SLAB SETTLEMENTS
Authors: Urbonas Kęstutis , Sližytė Danutė , Šapalas Antanas
Published: March 2021

For industrial buildings and logistics centres truck lifts are usually used. Therefore, there are special requirements for flatness tolerance of ground floor. The ground floor settlements differences in selected distances are limited. The article reviews the behaviour of soils and the importance of the actual behaviour assessment of soils during the design of floor slab on elastic subgrade. Particular attention is given to the behaviour of floor slab areas above pile foundations that support the building’s columns. Calculation results show the impact of subgrade stiffness on the behaviour of the floor slab, especially in areas above pile foundations, where the stiffness of subgrade is much higher. The article presents a solution for achieving the required level of settlements’ differences in areas where pile foundations for the building’s columns under the ground slab are used. The paper proposes an efficient engineering method to reduce ground slab settlements differences. The results of performed calculations confirm the efficiency of presented method.
Scattering Polarization of 3 μm Water-ice Feature by Large Icy Grains
Authors: Tazaki Ryo , Murakawa Koji , Muto Takayuki , Honda Mitsuhiko , Inoue Akio K.
Published: March 2021

Water ice has a strong spectral feature at a wavelength of approximately 3 μm, which plays a vital role in our understanding of the icy universe. In this study, we investigate the scattering polarization of this water-ice feature. The linear polarization degree of light scattered by micron-sized icy grains is known to be enhanced at the ice band; however, the dependence of this polarization enhancement on various grain properties is unclear. We find that the enhanced polarization at the ice band is sensitive to the presence of micron-sized grains as well as their ice abundance. We demonstrate that this enhancement is caused by the high absorbency of the water-ice feature, which attenuates internal scattering and renders the surface reflection dominant over internal scattering. Additionally, we compare our models with polarimetric observations of the low-mass protostar L1551 IRS 5. Our results show that scattering by a maximum grain radius of a few microns with a low water-ice abundance is consistent with observations. Thus, scattering polarization of the water-ice feature is a useful tool for characterizing ice properties in various astronomical environments.
Constraining Modified Gravity from Tidal Phenomena in Binary Stars
Authors: Banerjee Pritam , Garain Debojyoti , Paul Suvankar , Shaikh Rajibul , Sarkar Tapobrata
Published: March 2021

In beyond-Horndeski theories of gravity, the Vainshtein screening mechanism might only be partially effective inside stellar objects. This results in a modification of the pressure balance equation inside stars, often characterized by a single parameter (ϒ) in isotropic systems. We show how to constrain such theories of modified gravity, using tidal effects. We study such effects in cataclysmic variable star binaries and numerically obtain limits on the critical masses of the donor stars, below which they are tidally disrupted, by modeling them in beyond-Horndeski theories. This is contrasted with values of the donor masses, obtained using existing observational data, by a Monte Carlo error progression method. A best-fit scenario of the two yields a parametric constraint in the theories that we consider, within the approximations used. Here, we obtain the allowed range 0 ≤ ϒ ≤ 0.50.
A Broadband View on Microquasar MAXI J1820+070 during the 2018 Outburst
Authors: Rodi J. , Tramacere A. , Onori F. , Bruni G. , Sànchez-Fernàndez C. , Fiocchi M. , Natalucci L. , Ubertini P.
Published: March 2021

The microquasar MAXI J1820+070 went into outburst from 2018 mid-March until mid-July, with several faint rebrightenings afterward. With a peak flux of approximately 4 Crab in the 20–50 keV energy range, the source was monitored across the electromagnetic spectrum with detections from radio to hard X-ray frequencies. Using these multiwavelength observations, we analyzed quasi-simultaneous observations from April 12, near the peak of the outburst (∼March 23). Analysis of the X-ray spectrum found it indicative of an accreting black hole binary in the hard state, consistent with the flat/inverted radio spectrum and the accretion disk winds seen at optical wavelengths. Then, we constructed a spectral energy distribution spanning ∼12 orders of magnitude using modeling in JetSeT. The model is composed of an irradiated disk with a Compton hump and a leptonic jet with an acceleration region and a synchrotron-dominated cooling region. JetSeT finds that the spectrum is dominated by jet emission up to approximately 1014 Hz, after which disk and coronal emission dominates. The acceleration region has a magnetic field of B ∼ 1.6 × 104 G, a cross section of R ∼ 2.8 × 109 cm, and a flat radio spectral shape naturally obtained from the synchroton cooling of the accelerated electrons. The jet luminosity is >8 × 1037 erg s−1 (>0.15L
Edd), compared to an accretion luminosity of ∼6 × 1037 erg s−1, assuming a distance of 3 kpc. Because these two values are comparable, it is possible that the jet is powered predominately via accretion with only a small contribution needed from the Blanford–Znajek mechanism from the reportedly slowly spinning black hole.