bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Learning From Disaster: What Two Hurricanes Reveal About Ways to Design Public Space as Flood Infrastructure
Authors: Domlesky Anya
Published: September 2023

This article examines the resilience of two urban parks in the United States after extreme flooding caused by separate hurricane events. It provides early lessons for designers, planners, and engineers of open and park space from a practice-based research group and two academic partnerships. The first site is coastal, a waterfront park in New York City, New York. The focus was on understanding how elements of the design and construction of Hunter’s Point South Waterfront Park, Phase 1, contributed to a high level of resilience during and after Hurricane Sandy, especially related to coastal flooding, storm surge, and heavy rains. The second site is on the principal river system in Houston, Texas. The focus was on understanding how elements of the design and construction of a 160-acre section of Buffalo Bayou Park contributed to a high level of resilience during and after Hurricane Harvey, which brought heavy rains, increased water velocity, and extended submergence.
Could Religions Augment Cooperation by Recruiting Hamilton’s Rule through the Use of Fictive Kinship Language?
Authors: Atkinson Andrew Ross
Published: September 2023

Some scholars have raised the potential functional role of fictive kinship for religion, generally. This paper seeks to develop that idea. It is argued in this paper that fictive kinship language in religion (and some other non-religious contexts) recruits traits connected to Hamilton’s rule as it is expressed inHomo sapienspsychology. The effect is that cooperation is augmented within a population that generally shares the same religious worldview. The general position is that if religions are in the business of cooperation and this partially accounts for their evolution and preservation, then it follows that we should take particular note of any significant feature of religions that might lend itself to the cooperation account of religion’s apparent evolutionary success. Fictive kinship is one such feature.
Native Ontological Framework Guides Causal Reasoning: Evidence from Wichi People
Authors: Fernández Ruiz Matías , Taverna Andrea
Published: September 2023

Causal cognition – how we perceive, represent and reason about causal events – are fundamental to the human mind, but it has rarely been approached in its cultural specificity. Here, we investigate this core concept among Wichi people, an indigenous group living in Chaco Forest. We focus on the Wichi, because their epistemological orientations and explanatory frameworks about ecosystem differ importantly from those documented among most Western majority-culture populations. We asked participants to reason about causes of events that involve the hunhat lheley (inhabitants of the earth: humans, non-human animals, plants and spiritual beings) and other entities of their ecosystem (e.g., lagoon). We find a native ontological framework that encompasses three interacting organizing principles. This new evidence highlights ways in which native categories guide causal reasoning. Our research challenge long-held assumptions that dichotomies – nature-culture or natural-supernatural – are universal features of the human mind.
Marine Malacostraca (Arthropoda, Crustacea) from the Gulf of Oran (Algerian west coast)
Authors: Kerfouf Ahmed , De los Ríos-Escalante Patricio R. , Esse Carlos
Published: September 2023

This present paper presents an inventory of benthic Malacostraca in the Gulf of Oran. The softbottom crustacean fauna was studied between February 2021 and September 2021. Samples were collected from 8 coastal stations. The class Malacostraca was represented with 2 subclasses, Eumalacostraca and Phyllocarida. Sixty-one species and 290 individuals belonging to seven crustacean orders (Amphipoda, Decapoda, Isopoda, Tanaidacea, Mysida, Lophogastrida and Leptostraca) were identified. Amphipoda were represented with the highest number of species (36) followed by Decapoda (11) and Isopoda (6). Tanaidacea and Mysida were poorly represented, with 3 and 2 species, respectively. Lophogastrida and Leptostraca were both represented by only one species. Among the crustaceans encountered, Ampelisca was the most dominant genus. The present inventory indicates that the carcinological fauna in the Gulf of Oran is less diversified than it is in other zones that have been studied on the Algerian coast (Gulf of Arzew, Bay of Bou-Ismail, and Bay of Algiers).
Entretiens avec Fawzia Zouari et Hélé Béji
Authors: Alba Sonia
Published: September 2023

Cet article présente des entretiens réalisés en 2014 avec les auteurs franco-tunisiens Fawzia Zouari et Hélé Béji dans le cadre d’un projet de recherche de doctorat. Les discussions permettent d’explorer les raisons qui ont porté les auteures à écrire dans différents genres littéraires, tels que le journalisme, les essais et les romans, ainsi que leur choix d’écrire en français. Les entretiens abordent également l’intérêt des auteures pour les droits des femmes en Tunisie avant et après la Révolution de 2010–11, ainsi que leur engagement politique et leur contribution à un contre-discours dans le pays. Ces entretiens fournissent des perspectives précieuses sur l’œuvre des auteures et leur impact sur la société tunisienne.
Sovereignty as the Axis of State-Making: the Re-sovereignisation of the Republic of China/Taiwan’s South China Sea Claim
Authors: Tseng Hui-Yi Katherine
Published: September 2023

This article proposes to repostulate the sovereignty-statehood complex of the Republic of China (roc/Taiwan)—namely, the dynamism between its full-fledged sovereign capability and its indeterminate statehood—by using a critical-constructivist approach. To counter legal textualism and rigidity, a three-phase approach is developed to address the under-theorisation of this issue by analysing (1) the establishment of a modern nation-state governance system, (2) identifying the national of the nation-state polity, and (3) obtaining democratic authorisation of its sovereign practice. Therefore, a state should not be considered a static edifice but an ongoing process, fraught with re-instantiations of sovereign exercises via consistent practices, through which criteria of statehood can be re-contemplated and refined. The roc/Taiwan’s South China Sea claim thus effectively demonstrates that its re-sovereignisation remains unaccomplished and has produced a stalemate that substantially impacts the roc/Taiwan’s ongoing state-making efforts.
Catholic and Tamil Divine Mothers
Authors: Granziera Patrizia
Published: September 2023

The cult of the Virgin Mary in southern India and especially in Tamil Nadu is very popular, and she certainly incarnates the emblematic figure of contemporary Indian Catholicism. After the arrival of the Portuguese in India, the task of evangelization was in the hands of the missionary orders who worked under Portuguese rule. In the seventeenth century, the centre of interest in Christian missions in India moved southwards to the Tamil country. It was the Jesuits who ruled and administered over the area for the next century or so. They contributed to the assimilation of the Virgin Mary into the Tamil villagers’ pantheon, trying to translate the Catholic conception of the divine into Tamil and locating the Catholic faith at “home” in the Tamil world. This study will try to explain how missionaries succeeded in spreading the cult of a new Catholic female deity among devotees of the grama-devatas.
Taxonomic study of Bornean species of Utivarachna Kishida, 1940 (Araneae: Trachelidae), with the description of a new species
Authors: YAMASAKI TAKESHI , HASHIMOTO YOSHIAKI , ENDO TOMOJI , HYODO FUJIO , ITIOKA TAKAO , MOHAMED MARYATI , MELENG PAULUS
Published: September 2023

The genus Utivarachna Kishida, 1940 currently comprises 23 species, with eight described from Borneo. We examined the type materials of the Bornean species, except for U. fukasawana Kishida, 1940, as well as newly collected specimens. As a result, we describe a new species, Utivarachna itiokai sp. nov., which belongs to the dusun-group. We also provide the first description of the female of Utivarachna ichneumon and redescribe the known Utivarachna species of Borneo.
6. Conceptual Disruption and the Ethics of Technology
Authors: Hopster Jeroen , Brey Philip , Klenk Michael , Löhr Guido , Marchiori Samuela , Lundgren Björn , Scharp Kevin
Published: September 2023

This chapter provides a theoretical lens on conceptual disruption. It offers a typology of conceptual disruption, discusses its relation to conceptual engineering, and sketches a programmatic view of the implications of conceptual disruption for the ethics of technology. We begin by distinguishing between three different kinds of conceptual disruptions: conceptual gaps, conceptual overlaps, and conceptual misalignments. Subsequently, we distinguish between different mechanisms of conceptual disruption, and two modes of conceptual change. We point out that disruptions may be induced by technology, but can also be triggered by intercultural exchanges. Conceptual disruptions frequently yield conceptual uncertainty and may call for conceptual and ethical inquiry. We argue that a useful approach to address conceptual disruptions is to engage in conceptual engineering. We outline what conceptual engineering involves and argue that discussions on conceptual disruption and conceptual engineering can benefit from closer integration. In closing, we discuss the relevance of studying conceptual disruption for technology ethics, and point to the promise of this line of research to innovate practical philosophy at large.
Comparison of the effects of minimally invasive cardiopulmonary bypass and conventional cardiopulmonary bypass on atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting and application of magnetic nanoparticles chemiluminescence immunoassay to detect serum indexes
Authors: Ren Jianli , Guo Jing , Guo Hao
Published: September 2023

To compare the effects of minimally invasive cardiopulmonary bypass coronary artery bypass grafting (MICB-CABG) and conventional cardiopulmonary bypass (CCPB)-CABG on the occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF), in this research, totally 86 patients with CABG, admitted in our hospital
from March 2020 to October 2021, were selected and divided equally into MICB-CABG and CCPB-CABG groups, according to the random number table method. The incidence of AF and left atrial volume index (LAVI) were compared between the two groups. In total, 104 patients with symptoms such as chest
tightness, breathlessness, chest pain, and precordial discomfort were included in the study. All patients were examined by nano-CT and coronary angiography. However, time of ventilator use and time of fever were shorter in the MICB-CABG group. AF is closely related to LAVI, and levels of inflammatory
factors, such as high-sensitivity (hs)-CRP, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), in the CCPB-CABG group were significantly higher than those in the MICB-CABG group. Taking the results of selective coronary angiography as the gold standard, the sensitivity and
specificity of nano-CT in detecting coronary artery abnormalities were 99.17% and 97.93%, respectively, suggesting that nano-CT can display coronary artery variations precisely. Compared with the CCPB-CABG group, the incidence of AF after surgery and the risk indicators related to the occurrence
of AF were significantly lower in the MICB-CABG group. Compared with traditional CCPB-CABG, MICB-CABG interferes less with the physiological functions of the body, reduces atrium damage, and improves the therapeutic effect. In addition, magnetic nanoparticle CLIA can meet the clinical need
for detecting serum indexes and has good potential for clinical use.
Prospective active care combined with hydrogel dressing for the prevention of puncture site complications after transradial coronary intervention: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Song Beibei , Zhang Mingyang , Fan Lifeng , Chen Rui , Weng Ling
Published: September 2023

We evaluated whether the application of prospective active care (PAC) combined with hydrogel dressing during postoperative rehabilitation improved the prevention of puncture site complications after transradial coronary intervention (TRCI). In vitro, the hydrogel dressing exhibited
good biocompatibility and did not reduce fibroblast activity and exhibited antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. In a cohort of patients with coronary artery disease who underwent with TRCI, the subjects were prospectively randomized
into control and PAC groups, in which the control group was provided conventional care and the PAC group was provided PAC combined with the application of hydrogel dressing. The groups were compared for the rates of puncture site complications, recovery of finger function, cardiac function,
and satisfaction. PAC combined with hydrogel dressing effectively reduced the incidence of complications. Furthermore, PAC combined with hydrogel dressing promoted the blood supply to the extremity used for TRCI and the recovery of mobile and cardiac functions and improved patient satisfaction
with care. Therefore, the use of PAC combined with hydrogel dressings has great potential in patient care after TRCI and should be promoted in the clinic.
Perceiving Fixed or Flexible Meaning: Toward a Model of Meaning Fixedness and Navigating Occupational Destabilization
Authors: Jiang Winnie Yun , Wrzesniewski Amy
Published: September 2023

This article examines individuals’ cognitive, emotional, and behavioral responses to the destabilization of their occupations, how their responses differ, and why. We focus on the context of journalism, an occupation undergoing severe destabilization in the U.S. and seen as deeply meaningful by many of its incumbents. Drawing on two waves of interviews with 72 unemployed or former newspaper journalists, conducted over five months, and additional interviews with 22 others, we identified two sets of responses, each characterized by distinctive cognitive, emotional, and behavioral patterns. Building on these findings, we developed the construct of “meaning fixedness” to capture the extent to which individuals view the meaning of the different components of their work to be fixed within one occupational context or flexible across different occupations. We found that participants held different interpretations of journalism’s destabilization and assessments of how portable their work components were to other occupational contexts: flexible-meaning perceivers generally engaged in actions to reinvent their career, while fixed-meaning perceivers engaged in actions to persist in journalism with the hope that their occupation could be restored. Our findings culminate in a model of meaning fixedness and how it shapes individuals’ navigation of occupational destabilization. This research uncovers an individual-level perception that has the potential to shape the varied responses to occupational changes observed in prior research, contributing to the literatures on occupations, the meaning of work, and role transitions.
Firearm Violence Involving Adults 65 and Older During the Novel Coronavirus Disease Pandemic
Authors: Tan Heidi , Shipley Jonathan , Park Flora S. , Donnelly Megan R. , Kong Allen P. , Barrios Cristobal , Grigorian Areg , Nahmias Jeffry
Published: September 2023

Background

Rates of firearm violence (FV) surged during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is a paucity of data regarding older adults (OAs) (≥65 years old). This study aimed to evaluate patterns of FV against OAs before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, hypothesizing decreased firearm incidents, injuries, and deaths for OAs due to restricted social movement.

Methods

Retrospective (2016-2021) data for OAs were obtained from the Gun Violence Archive. The rate of FV was weighted per 10,000 OAs using annual population data from the United States Census Bureau. Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to compare annual firearm incidence rates, number of OAs killed, and number of OAs injured from 2016-2020 to 2021.

Results

From 944 OA-involved shootings, 842 died in 2021. The median total firearm incidents per month per 10,000 OAs decreased in 2021 vs 2016 (.65 vs .38, P < .001), 2017 (.63 vs .38, P < .001), 2018 (.61 vs .38, P < .001), 2019 (.39 vs .38, P = .003), and 2020 (.43 vs .38, P = .012). However, there was an increased median number of OAs killed in 2021 vs 2020 (.38 vs .38, P = .009), but no difference from 2016-2019 vs 2021 (all P > .05). The median number of firearm injuries decreased from 2017 to 2021 (.21 vs .19, P = .001) and 2020 to 2021 (.19 vs .19 P < .001).

Discussion

Firearm incidents involving OAs decreased in 2021 compared to pre-pandemic years; however, there was a slight increase in deaths compared to 2020. This may reflect increased social isolation; however, future research is needed to understand why this occurred.
Trend Analysis with Pooled Data from Different Survey Series: The Latent Attitude Method
Authors: Wang Donghui , Xie Yu , Huang Junming
Published: September 2023

The use of pooled data from different repeated survey series to study long-term trends is handicapped by a measurement difficulty: different survey series often use different scales to measure the same attitude and thus generate scale-incomparable data. In this article, the authors propose the latent attitude method (LAM) to address this scale-incomparability problem, on the basis of the assumption that attitudes measured by ordinal categories reflect a latent attitude with cut points. The method extends the latent variable method in the case of a single survey series to the case of multiple survey series and leverages overlapping years for identification. The authors first assess the validity of the method with simulated data. The results show that the method yields accurate estimates of mean attitudes and cut point values. The authors then apply the method to an empirical study of Americans’ attitudes toward China from 1974 to 2019.
Emphasizing Similarities Between Politically Opposed Groups and Their Influence in Perceptions of the Political Opposition: Evidence From Five Experiments
Authors: Syropoulos Stylianos , Leidner Bernhard
Published: September 2023

Across five experiments (four pre-registered, N = 4,431), we investigate whether emphasizing similarities between Republicans and Democrats can improve intergroup relations between the two groups. Members of both groups who were presented with evidence emphasizing similarities rather than differences in the psychological attitudes of both parties reported greater inclusion of the political opposition in the self, greater belief that common ground can be reached for major social issues, and warmer feelings toward the opposition. Inclusion of the political outgroup in the self mediated the effect of the similarities condition on additional outcomes, relating to more positive and less threatening perceptions of political opposition members. These findings held even when compared with a baseline condition with no information presented to participants. We conclude that by emphasizing the study of group similarities and by disseminating research in a way that highlights similarities, researchers could reduce intergroup hostilities in the political domain.
Adaptation in L2 sentence processing: An EEG study
Authors: Kaan Edith , Dai Haoyun , Xu Xiaodong
Published: September 2023

According to rational adaptation approaches of language processing, readers adjust their expectations of upcoming information depending on the distributional properties of the preceding language input. However, adaptation to sentence structures has not been systematically attested, especially not in second-language (L2) processing. To further our understanding of adaptive processes, we recorded electroencephalogram (EEG) from L1-Mandarin–L2-English speakers while they read English sentences containing a coordination ambiguity. This ambiguity was always resolved toward a less-preferred clausal coordination in the first half of the study, and towards a noun-phrase coordination in the second half. Group-level results suggest that L2 readers adapted but at a slow rate and a coarse level. Individuals differed in that some changed their processing strategies, and some did not. These findings suggest that adaptation is not a direct function of fine-grained input distributions, and are problematic for the idea that adaptation is important for language learning.
Successful aortic arch cannulation and perfusion of a heart donated after circulatory death: A case report
Authors: Vervoorn Mats T. , van Kaam Paul , Mokhles Mostafa M. , van der Kaaij Niels P. , Gianoli Monica
Published: September 2023

Introduction

We describe successful aortic arch cannulation and perfusion of a heart donated after circulatory death using the Transmedics Organ Care System™.

Case report

A 47-year old man developed advanced heart failure symptoms after prior mustard operation for transposition of the great arteries. He matched a DCD-donor and required an elongated aorta for implantation due to his altered anatomy. The donor heart was retrieved and successfully perfused via aortic arch cannulation for 4.5 h with satisfactory perfusion parameters.

Disussion

Although Transmedics advises against aortic arch cannulation due to concerns regarding malperfusion, satisfactory and safe perfusion can be achieved by careful positioning of the heart. Awareness and attention to the occurrence of malperfusion is mandatory, especially during transport, to achieve satisfactory outcome.

Conclusion

Aortic arch cannulation is feasible without compromising quality of perfusion. This is relevant for patient that require an elongated aorta after surgically corrected congenital heart disease.
The influence of the mechanical damage on a viscothermoelastic nanobeam due to ramp-type heating under Green-Naghdi theory type-II
Authors: Youssef Hamdy M , El-Bary Alaa A
Published: September 2023

The main object of this work is to analyze viscothermoelastic homogeneous and isotropic nanobeams under the effect of mechanical damage. A Green-Naghdi type-II model of thermoelasticity has been constructed under simply supported conditions. Moreover, the Laplace transforms have been applied for the governing differential equations. Tzou iteration method with approximation has been applied to calculate the Laplace inverse transforms. The numerical results are presented and validated for use in a viscothermoelastic rectangular nanobeam of silicon nitride when it has been thermally loaded by ramp-type heating and simple support. The numerical results have been demonstrated in different figures to stand on the effects of the mechanical damage variable, mechanical relaxation times parameters, and ramp-time heat parameter on all the studied functions. We conclude that the effect of the mechanical damage variable, ramp-time heating parameter, and mechanical relaxation times parameters are highly influential on all the studied functions and thermomechanical waves.
Transportation and Neighborhood Priorities of Californians with Disabilities: Focus Group Findings
Authors: Flynn Justin A. , Circella Giovanni , Venkataram Prashanth S.
Published: September 2023

We conducted a focus group comprising 20 adults with disabilities across California in November 2021 to understand how disability affects their choices and desires for transportation and neighborhood features. The focus group let us efficiently observe common responses on which participants could further build; though it is too small to be truly representative, it identifies issues to motivate further research and policymaking. Participants with various disabilities and from geographically diverse parts of California, including rural areas far from the major coastal metropolitan areas, uniformly wanted more dense mixed-use development to reduce the immediate burdens in transportation which they disproportionately face as people with disabilities and to move away from broader problems with car-oriented land use patterns. Many participants specifically asked for more street lighting, seating, and shade for users of all transportation modes, greater frequency and coverage of public transit, and similar support for infrequent but critical trips over longer distances. Drivers also wanted assurance that they would not be financially penalized for driving before policymakers implement adequate alternatives. All participants expressed hope that policymakers would implement their comments. We frame these findings by introducing the terms “immediate usability,”“cumulative usability,” and “availability,” to describe mobility for people with disabilities within the broader framework of accessibility, and by emphasizing the active roles these participants take in their respective communities.
Notes from the Trenches: Reflections from Recent PhD Graduates on Navigating the Academy
Authors: Zoll Deidre , Vasudevan Raksha , Gauger Bri , Gelbard Sarah , Kayanan Carla Maria , Mah Julie , Reyes Ariadna
Published: September 2023

PhD planning graduates face an increasingly competitive academic job market. In this commentary, seven recent graduates provide qualitative descriptions of the complicated and ever-changing expectations graduates face. We situate this within a larger reflection on the neoliberal academy that promotes a culture of competitiveness over care and production over purpose. We emphasize how this system is seemingly antithetical to the transformative planning work needed to address the most pressing planning issues of our time and provide suggestions for meeting shifting expectations, evolving training and support needs, and opportunities for a more compassionate tenure-track market. Our commentary has implications for doctoral pedagogy, the tenure-track market, and the academy.
On compressive properties of 3D printed polyvinylidene fluoride composite for implant applications
Authors: Husain Minhaz , Singh Rupinder , Pabla Bahadur Singh
Published: September 2023

Numerous studies have reported the use of 3D-printed biocompatible intramedullary (IM) pins of various metals, alloys, and composite materials for a variety of orthopedic requirements in canines. One of the limitations of these IM pins is that they are non-resorbable, and required surgical procedures to be followed for their removal after performing the required function in the subject. Some studies have been reported on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite-based smart IM pins that are partially absorbable. But hitherto less has been reported on the compressive properties of such 3D printed PVDF composite matrix. This study reports the compressive properties of 3D printed (by using fused filament fabrication (FFF) process) PVDF composite (90% PVDF-8% Hydroxyapatite (HAp)-2% Chitosan (CS) by wt.) for a partially absorbable implant for canines. The result suggested that the best setting for the FFF process are nozzle temperature (NT) 235°C, printing speed (PS) 60 mm/s, and raster angle (RA) 45° for the compressive properties (peak load (PL) 1321 N, break load (BL) 1188.9 N, strength at peak (SP) 10.83 MPa, and strength at break (SB) 9.75 MPa). Furthermore, analysis of the PVDF composite (at 10 N load, 300 s, and 60 r/min) outlined wear of 314 µm, friction force of 1.2 N, and a coefficient of friction of 0.14 was observed. The results are supported by the morphological analysis (based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM), % of porosity, grain size No.) of the fracture site.
Quaternary copolymerized polyimides and negative photosensitive polyimides: preparation and properties
Authors: Wu Jiahao , Zhang Shiyang , Cai Mingwei , Li Qingling , Wang Zhi , Lu Xiaochuang , Min Yonggang
Published: September 2023

Photosensitive polyimide (PSPI) have been developed base on polyimide (PI). PSPI can be used as insulating and protective materials in the microelectronics industry due to the excellent insulating properties, thermal stability, and chemical stability. In this work, we designed a synthetic method to improve the regularity of the polymer chain segment sequence. Quaternary block copolymerized precursors were prepared using condensation polymerization of poly (acid amid). A photosensitive poly (acid amid) salts (co-PAS) was also synthesized to produce patterns with photochemical reaction. After imidization, the resolution of copolymerized PSPI (co-PSPI) pattern was in the range of 16 μm–110 μm. Partial photoreactive cross-linking structure was maintained to improve the thermal stability of co-PSPI. The co-PSPI exhibited higher glass transition temperatures (327.0°C–358.8°C) than copolymerized PI (307.4°C–332.9°C). This work provides the study on the synthesis and properties of quaternary copolymerized PI and PSPI.
Doped CeO2/water nanofluids analyzed the performance of thermal conductivity and heat transfer: An experimental and theoretical investigations
Authors: Pandey Abhishek Kumar , Tiwari Arun Kumar , Paliwal Hirender Kumar
Published: September 2023

A combined experimental and theoretical study on thermal conductivity, heat transfer specific heat, and electronic properties has been done for doped CeO2/water nanofluid. First, the sol-gel method was implemented for the synthesis of doped CeO2 nanoparticles and then a mixture of nanoparticles with different concentrations of nanofluid. X-ray diffraction and SEM analysis confirm the structural phase purity and homogeneous mixing of nanofluids. Experimental thermal conductivity and specific heat of pure and 4f-doped CeO2 were estimated and found very close to our theoretical calculations. Experimental investigations have been carried out for the measurement of heat transfer using pure and doped CeO2/water nanofluid as the coolant. The experiments were aimed at determining the heat transfer and other thermal properties with different concentrations and with various fluid with Reynolds number 2500 and 3500. The heat transfer coefficient of nanofluids increases not only with an increase in the volume flow rate of the hot water but also increases with increase in the atomic number of dopant elements in CeO2. Electronic states show variation in band gap with doping which may also play an important role in the improvement of solar collectors. It is clear from experimental and theoretical findings that the thermal and electronic properties depend on number of valance electrons. Hence doping of 4f-element in CeO2 plays a vital role to increase the thermal conductivity and tuning of electronic properties leads to many applications in thermal sensors and solar cell-based industries.
Validation and analyses of QCR correction turbulence model in sub-/super-sonic inner flows
Authors: Wang Gang , Gu Tianlai , Zhang Shuai , Zhang Jifa , Zheng Yao
Published: September 2023

The inlet, isolation section, and other internal flow components are important parts of the aircraft propulsion system. Their performances affect the stability of the entire propulsion system. According to those components, complicated shock wave/boundary layer interaction (SBLI), flow separation, and secondary flow phenomena would occur. The commonly used turbulence models, SA and SST, cannot predict the anisotropy of turbulence. This deficiency makes the calculated results differ significantly from the experimental results and cannot accurately predict their aerodynamic performance. This paper validates the feasibility and effectiveness of the turbulence models based on quadratic constitutive relation (QCR) correction applied to the flow of square duct, compression corners, diffusing 3D S-Duct, and axisymmetric cylindrical isolator. This can support future calculations of complex flow fields with flow separation and secondary flow phenomena in the subsonic or supersonic inlet. The results show that the turbulence model with QCR correction is better than the original turbulence model. Among them, the SA-QCR2020 turbulence model is the best, which is able to predict the presence of secondary flows and large boundary layer separated flows well.
An evolutionary model for sleep quality analytics using fuzzy system
Authors: Hangaragi Shivalila , Nizampatnam Neelima , Kaliyaperumal Deepa , Özer Tolga
Published: September 2023

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a neuro signal reflecting brain activity. These signals provide information about brain activity, eye movements, and muscle tone, which can be used to determine the sleep stage. Categorizing sleep stages can be done manually by visually. Alternatively, automated algorithms can be developed using machine learning techniques to classify sleep stages based on signal features and patterns. This paper aims to automatically classify sleep stages based on extracted patterns from EEG signals. A fuzzy min-max neural network is proposed and implemented for sleep stage classification and clustering. The paper concludes that the fuzzy min-max neural network outperforms other tested methods in sleep stage classification. The models implemented in the study include K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Random Forest, Decision Tree, XGBoost, AdaBoost, Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Quadratic Discriminant Analysis (QDA), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and the fuzzy min-max classifier. The results indicate that the fuzzy classifier achieves the highest accuracy of 86%, followed by the CNN model with 81%. Among the machine learning algorithms, Random Forest with an accuracy of 55.46%, followed by XGBoost with 53.18%, surpassing the other algorithms used in the experiment. AdaBoost and Gaussian Naive Bayes both achieve an accuracy of 45.10%. Decision Tree, KNN, LDA, and QDA yield accuracies of 37.66%, 16.46%, 28.57%, and 29.5% respectively. These findings demonstrate the efficiency of the fuzzy min-max neural network and the superiority of the fuzzy classifier and CNN models in sleep stage classification, indicating their potential for accurate automated sleep stage analysis.
Deny, Reassure, and Deflect: Evidence and Implications of Forms and Norms of Fat Talk
Authors: SturtzSreetharan Cindi , Ghorbani Monet , Brewis Alexandra , Wutich Amber
Published: September 2023

Fat talk is a conversational interaction recognized through comments like “Does this make me look fat?” In the US, based on psychological lab-based investigations, fat talk is defined as highly damaging for women and actively targeted for various interventions. Using a discourse completion task (DCT), we present normative responses ( N = 313) to fat talk prompts testing women’s fat talk patterns across diverse languages and socio-cultural contexts. Based on replies from the DCT deployed in seven countries, we find that the normative response in all sites is always denial (“No, you aren’t!”) and often followed by additional reassurance (“you look good”). The consistency of findings suggests fat talk is an emergent global conversational form with shared, recognized rules among casual acquaintances. The normative denial response suggests positive functions where interactional fat talk reaffirms and reassures peer affiliation and membership. Ultimately, we suggest that fat talk may serve as a mundane rejection of everyday fatphobia; interventions posing fat talk as always harmful may simply reaffirm experiences of fat stigma by attempting to restrict the interpretation to only negative.
Going the Distance for COVID-19: Relationships Among News Use, Psychological Distance, Risk Perceptions, and Behavioral Intentions
Authors: Hmielowski Jay D. , Matthews Alexandrea , Chu Haoran
Published: September 2023

In this article, we examine the relationship between news media use and levels of psychological distance associated with COVID-19. Our findings suggest that conservative media use is associated with greater perceived distance to the disease, while less partisan news use is associated with a smaller perceived distance. Moreover, perceived distance is associated with perceived severity of COVID-19, the perceived susceptibility associated with the disease, and intentions to get vaccinated/boosted against COVID-19. As a whole, we examined a mediation process through which media use predicts distance, distance then predicts severity and susceptibility, and distance, severity, and susceptibility predict behavioral intentions.
Metformin prescription for U.S. veterans with prediabetes, 2010–2019
Authors: Gulanski Barbara I , Goulet Joseph L , Radhakrishnan Krishnan , Ko John , Li Yuli , Rajeevan Nallakkandi , Lee Kyung Min , Heberer Kent , Lynch Julie A , Streja Elani , Mutalik Pradeep , Cheung Kei-Hoi , Concato John , Shih Mei-Chiung , Lee Jennifer S , Aslan Mihaela
Published: September 2023

Affecting an estimated 88 million Americans, prediabetes increases the risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and independently, cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Nevertheless, little is known about the use of metformin for diabetes prevention among patients in the Veterans Health Administration, the largest integrated healthcare system in the U.S. This is a retrospective observational cohort study of the proportion of Veterans with incident prediabetes who were prescribed metformin at the Veterans Health Administration from October 2010 to September 2019. Among 1,059,605 Veterans with incident prediabetes, 12,009 (1.1%) were prescribed metformin during an average 3.4 years of observation after diagnosis. Metformin prescribing was marginally higher (1.6%) among those with body mass index (BMI) ≥35 kg/m2, age <60 years, HbA1c≥6.0%, or those with a history of gestational diabetes, all subgroups at a higher risk for progression to T2DM. In a multivariable model, metformin was more likely to be prescribed for those with BMI ≥35 kg/m2 incidence rate ratio [IRR] 2.6 [95% confidence intervals (CI): 2.1–3.3], female sex IRR, 2.4 [95% CI: 1.8–3.3], HbA1c≥6% IRR, 1.93 [95% CI: 1.5–2.4], age <60 years IRR, 1.7 [95% CI: 1.3–2.3], hypertriglyceridemia IRR, 1.5 [95% CI: 1.2–1.9], hypertension IRR, 1.5 [95% CI: 1.1–2.1], Major Depressive Disorder IRR, 1.5 [95% CI: 1.1–2.0], or schizophrenia IRR, 2.1 [95% CI: 1.2–3.8]. Over 20% of Veterans with prediabetes attended a comprehensive structured lifestyle modification clinic or program. Among Veterans with prediabetes, metformin was prescribed to 1.1% overall, a proportion that marginally increased to 1.6% in the subset of individuals at highest risk for progression to T2DM.
Non-Clinical Toxicology Evaluation of the Novel Non-ATP Competitive Oral PI3 Kinase Delta Inhibitor Roginolisib
Authors: van der Veen Lars , Schmitt Michael , Deken Marcel A. , Lahn Michael
Published: September 2023

Roginolisib (IOA-244) is a novel, non-ATP competitive phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) delta inhibitor that regulates Akt/mTOR signaling. Roginolisib was administered once daily to rats and dogs in dose-range finding (DRF) and 4-week GLP toxicology studies. Free plasma levels of roginolisib exceeded the cellular target engagement IC90 for PI3Kδ for ≥12 hours at doses of 5 mg/kg, the IC90 for PI3Kβ for ≥2 hours at doses ≥15 mg/kg, and the IC50 for PI3Kα for ≥2 hours at dose levels ≥45 mg/kg. Toxicity in rats occurred at doses ≥100 mg/kg. In dogs, we observed dose-dependent skin and gastrointestinal toxicity and doses ≥30 mg/kg had a greater incidence of mortality. Lymphoid tissue toxicity occurred in both species. Toxicities in dogs observed at the ≥15 mg/kg dose, affecting the digestive mucosa, liver, and skin, cleared after treatment cessation. Doses ≤75 mg/kg were tolerated in rats and the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) in rats was 15 mg/kg. Due to mainly epithelial lesions of the skin at 5 mg/kg and necrotizing damage of the intestinal epithelia at ≥15 mg/kg, no NOAEL was determined in dogs. However, the adverse effects observed in dogs at 5 mg/kg were considered monitorable and reversible in patients with advanced malignancies. Furthermore, the PK profile subsequently proved to be a decisive factor for achieving selective PI3Kδ inhibition without the toxicities observed in dogs. As the result of the unique PK profile of roginolisib, patients were able to take daily roginolisib without dose modification and showed pharmacodynamic PI3Kδ inhibition over several months without gastrointestinal or dermatologic toxicities.
The digital pregnancy: A qualitative study of Danish women’s use of pregnancy apps
Authors: Lindhardt Martin , Brandsborg Emma Balslev , Hansen Camilla Vesterager , Nielsen Anne Bentzen
Published: September 2023

Based on an interview study with Danish women, this article explores how the frequent use of pregnancy mobile applications shapes the lived or experienced pregnancy. More specifically, we look at a reported dilemma between, on one hand, using the information of pregnancy apps on bodily and fetal developments to gain a sense of control over individual pregnancies and, on the other hand, an experience of the apps becoming something of a controlling factor in the lives of pregnant women. Respondents reported that the information of the apps created different kinds of concerns and that they became almost obsessed with comparing their own symptoms with the apps’ standardized information on what they could expect to experience at specific stages of the pregnancy. Our analysis draws on a socio-material perspective that acknowledges the ability of technology to enact certain kinds of experiences and shape concerns. We argue that the power of the apps (so to speak) is related, in part to the abundance of information they provide, which may contribute to a sensation of never knowing enough, but also in part to the use of apps becoming an integrated part of everyday cell phone routines.
A thermal sensation model for naturally ventilated indoor environments based on deep learning algorithms
Authors: Lei Lei , Shao Suola
Published: September 2023

In recent years, with the emphasis on sustainability and energy efficiency, natural ventilation has attracted increasing interest from building designers. Natural ventilation is dependent on the outdoor environments which could change rapidly, and the traditional thermal sensation models such as the predicted mean vote (PMV) are not applicable, correspondingly. The deep belief neural network can reveal nonlinear patterns in processing big data, and it can be used to predict target data with high flexibility and accuracy. This study developed a deep belief neural network model for indoor thermal sensation prediction in naturally ventilated environments with outdoor environment parameters and human factors: outdoor air temperature, average radiant temperature, outdoor air relative humidity, outdoor wind speed, clothing thermal resistance, activity level, gender, age and weight collected in 10 semi-open classrooms and 5 laboratories in April and November when natural ventilation was used. The research compared the performance of deep belief neural networks with three neural networks: BP, Elman and fuzzy neural networks. Results showed that the deep belief neural network can enhance the performance of thermal sensation prediction of natural ventilated indoor environments. The research provides a more flexible and effective solution for thermal comfort prediction of natural ventilated indoor environments.
Acute Symptomatic Seizures After Ischemic Strokes: Time Is Brain, Squared!
Authors: Punia Vineet
Published: September 2023

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Between-Level Incongruences in Human Positivity
Authors: Yu Shi
Published: September 2023

Humans now understand the world as multilevel in nature. For example, societies emerge from individuals, and general experiences of life consist of specific aspects and momentary episodes. A critical feature of multilevel phenomena is between-level incongruences. Applied to human positivity, this means that positive higher-level units are not simply composed of positive lower-level units and that what is good for lower-level units may not be good for higher-level units (and vice versa). For example, killjoys may improve societal well-being, personal achievement may require giving up on certain goals, and a happy life may not arise from simply happy moments. In this article, I provide examples (organized by the positive outcome of well-being and performance and by the social, structural, and temporal forms of multilevel phenomena) to show that such between-level incongruences are ubiquitous. Next, I analyze a few mechanisms that may govern the diverse instantiations of between-level incongruences in positivity. Finally, I discuss implications of this perspective, such as why positivity claims should always qualify their level of analysis; how psychological science may benefit from a multilevel, dynamical, and computational perspective; and how to improve human positivity in light of between-level incongruences.
Male infertility
Authors: Foster Dr Naomi
Published: September 2023

Infertility is estimated to affect 1-in-7 couples living in the UK. An estimated 84% of couples will conceive naturally within a year if they have regular unprotected sex; but those who have been trying to conceive for greater than 3 years without success are less than 25% likely to conceive naturally within the course of the following year. Investigation of infertility in primary care is often focused on the female patient and neglectful of their male partner. However, male factors alone are responsible for 20–30% of couples’ infertility, and in an additional 30–40% of cases a male factor is present in combination with other female factors. An estimated 7% of men are affected by infertility, and the incidence of infertility appears to be increasing in the developed world. This article will address potential causes and how to investigate for them. The article will consider investigation in primary care and secondary care management strategies.