bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pattern and Risk Factor associated with Congenital Anomalies among Young Infants Admitted in Dhulikhel Hospital
Authors: Singh Srijana Dongol , Shrestha Ranendra Prakash Bahadur , Poudyal Prithuja , Sradanandha Sanjel , Shrestha Shrinkala
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Birth defects are defined as structural and functional defects that develop during the organogenesis periods and present at birth or detected later in life. They are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in infants. The known causes of birth defects are mostly genetic effect modified by environmental factors which may be prevented.

Objective: The main objective of the study was to determine the association of certain risk factors with birth defects occurring in newborn and infant seeking care in Dhulikhel Hospital, Kavre, Nepal.

Methodology: This is a hospital based, cross sectional and comparative study involving 219 young infant below 2 months of age admitted in the Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital. We enrolled infants admitted at Neonatal intensive care unit, Neonatal ward, and neonates staying with mother in post natal wards, from 1stJanuary 2015 to 31stDecember 2017.

Results: Incidence of congenital malformations involvement of neonates in our hospital was 1.1% among the live births. The most frequent was cardiovascular systems 29(26.8%) followed by musculoskeletal system 17(15.7%) and face 15(13.8%). Less than 4 in number of Antenatal visit (p=0.017), not using folic acid during early pregnancy (p<0.001) and low socioeconomic conditions (p<0.001) were significantly associated with congenital malformations. Among all congenital anomalies complex congenital heart disease has poor outcome.

Conclusion: The most common congenital defects involved cardiovascular and musculoskeletal system. Lack of antenatal visit, lack of folic acid during periconceptional age and low socioeconomic conditions are the most common risk factors identified for congenital anomalies.
Morbidity Profile of Under Five Children Residing in Barbote Village Development Committee of Ilam District of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Sharma Khem Raj , Dawadi Suyash , Upadhayaya Pawan , Khanal Vijay Kumar , Singh Suman Bahadur
Published: January 2019

Introduction: In 2017, the under five mortality rate in low-income countries was 69 deaths per 1000 live births–around 14 times the average rate in high-income countries. Children constitute a vulnerable group and the first five years can be considered as a transition phase from the mother's womb to a social platform. Morbidity status of very young children is considered to be an important index of the health status of the community. However, studies done to assess the morbidity profile of Children in rural Nepal are few, and the children's health status is largely unknown. The information collected through Health Management Information System (HMIS) of Nepal Government mainly represent the population that accessed the services but do not represent the population that utilized private clinics/hospitals or did not access it at all.

Objective: This study was conducted to assess the morbidity status of under-five children and its associated factors in Barbote Village Development Commitiee (VDC) of Ilam district of eastern Nepal.

Methodology: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among all the eligible under five children of Barbote VDC of Ilam District for two weeks from 16-30 March, 2016. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with the legal guardian/ caretaker of the children with pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire. Calibrated & validated equipment were used for simple biophysical measurements. Odds Ratio (OR) with confidence limit was calculated to examine the strength of association between the variables with the probability of significance set at 95% of Confidence interval (CI).Ethical permission was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (IRC) of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan.

Results: Of the total 406 under-five children studied, 35.5% complained of illness such as acute respiratory infection, diarrhea and fever within the past two weeks. Regression analysis by the backward conditional method disclosed the fact that children of households with low socioeconomic status and those using biomass fuel for cooking were significantly associated with presence of illness.

Conclusion: More than one-third of the under-five children in BarboteVDC of eastern Nepal were found to be ill mostly due to preventable causes. Factors significantly associated with the presence of illness included the use of biomass fuel and low socio-economic status.
Performance of Exotic Sweet Orange Genotypes at Dhankuta, Nepal
Authors: Pun Amar Bahadur , Thakur Manish Kumar
Published: January 2019

The study was conducted to evaluate the varietal performance of sweet orange genotypes at National Citrus Research Program, Dhankuta, Nepal during 2015. Twenty 20 exotic as well as local genotypes planted in 2005 were evaluated for their fruit physio-chemical characteristics at their 10-years aged. Three genotypes: Malta Blood Red, Dhankuta Local and Valencia Late have resulted as superior genotypes for fruit yield characteristics. Some genotypes Delicious Seedless, Salustiana and Hamlin also exhibited excellent performance for their fruit size and weight; however these genotypes produced lower fruit number per plant. Pineapple, Meisheu-9, and Washington Navel had higher TSS. There was similar fruit maturity period commenced from 14 November to 28 December among the genotypes. Based on the results, the genotypes showing distinct characteristics of fruit yield and quality including fruit maturity period should be promoted to make variety diversity in Nepal.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(4): 308-312
A Comparative Study on Dye Degradation by Leaf and Root Extracts of Parthenium hysterophorus L
Authors: Shahi Dipesh , Sapkota Rajiv
Published: January 2019

The use of different dyes and pigments is increasing with the increase in industrialization leading to the high production of effluent. The effluent contaminated with dyes and dye-stuff has harmful effects on public health and the environment. Thus, the treatment of effluent is essential. Biological approaches are gaining much interest due to their cost-effective and eco-friendly nature over various physicochemical methods for the treatment of dye-contaminated wastewater. This study highlights on the biodegradation of congo red and malachite green by using leaf and root extracts of Parthenium hysterophorus. The extract and the dye were mixed in the ratio of 1:2 and incubated at 40ºC for 90 minutes. Decolorization assay was performed using UV visible spectrophotometer which indicated that decolorization was due to degradation of dyes into non-colored metabolites. The leaves extract exhibited higher decolorizing activity than roots extract. The maximum decolorization for leaves extract was 55.8% (congo red) and 51.6% (malachite green). Furthermore, phytotoxicity test was carried out to determine the effect of dyes and their degradation metabolites on seed germination and seedling growth of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L). The germination percentage and seedling growth were more in degradation metabolites than untreated dyes, indicating less toxic nature of degradation metabolites. Hence, it can be inferred that P. hysterophorus extracts can be used to treat dye wastewater and treated wastewater can be used for irrigation.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(4): 327-331
Computational Biology Approach for Deciphering Etiological Pathway of Polygenic Diseases: Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Tamrakar Rubin M. , Sangami Anushruti , Dangol Sunita , Aryal Pramod
Published: January 2019

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) (OMIM ID: 180300) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease caused by immune reaction against the proliferating synovial fibroblasts. Nonsuppurative proliferation of synoviocytes frequently progresses to destroy the articular cartilages and underlying bone, resulting in permanent disability. Using system biology approach, candidate genes obtained from OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man) and its interacting proteins were prioritized on the basis of three Gene Ontology terms (Molecular Function, Cellular component, and Biological Process) employing FunSimMat (Functional Similarity Matrix). Among the many, four prioritized proteins NFκBIL1, HCST, MICA, and MICB were selected. Amongst the prioritized genes, literature review suggested that NFκBIL-1 (Nuclear Factor-κ of B-cell Inhibitor Like protein-1) (UniProtKB ID: Q9UBC1) competes against SR (Ser-Arg) protein, ASF/SF2, in negatively regulating CD45RO gene expression in CD4 T-cells, whose overproduction would lead to cytokine outburst, thus leading to an immunological attack. ASF/SF2 mediated splicing variant, CD45RA, otherwise would have prevented overproduction of these cytokines. Overproduced cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-15 simultaneously induces inflammatory stress in the synovial membrane and activates stress induced MICA/B (UniProtKB ID: Q29983/Q29980) through downstream signaling following TNFR1-TRAF mediated signaling pathway. Synovial expression of MICA/B enables interaction with its ligand NKG2D associated with DAP10 (UniProt KB ID: Q9UBK5) amply present on CD8+ αβ T-cells, CD4+γδ T-cells, and NK cells, thus promoting cytolysis of MICA/B expressing synoviocytes along with further production of cytokines TNF-α and IL-15. Hence, alteration in NFκBIL-1 promoter induces MICA/B expression that leads in production of cytokines could be a probable cause of chronic RA.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(4): 332--338
Reference Intervals (RIs) of Lipid Parameters for Nepalese Population
Authors: Mahato R.V. , Singh R.K. , Dutta A. M. , Ichihara K. , Lamsal M.
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Reference interval (RIs) is the range of values provided by laboratory scientists in a convenient and practical form to support clinician in interpreting observed values for diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of a disease. Laboratories in Nepal uses RIs, provided in the kit inserts by the manufacturers or from the scientific literature, established for western/European population. It is well known that population across the globe differs physiologically, genetically; race, ethnically, lifestyle, food habits and diet which have great impact on the reference values. Thus, it is inappropriate to use RIs that do not represent the local population. This approach highlights for establishing reference values in Nepalese population using the IFCC-CRIDL guidelines published in (C28-A3). Objectives: The objective of this study is to analyze blood lipids concentration in apparently healthy Nepalese population to set up reference values for total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and Low Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and compare with the internationally recommended values. Methods: Reference individuals selected from healthy volunteers according to the IFCC/C-RIDL protocol in (C28 –A3). Volunteers were requested to avoid excessive physical exertion/exercise/excessive eating and drinking and fast overnight for 10-12 hour. Blood samples were collected from 120 subjects from each five centers of the country between 7:00-10:00 am, serum were separated and refrigerated at -20 in a cryo-vials. Finally, 617 samples were transported to Yamaguchi University, Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan for analysis in dry Ice and 30 parameters were measured by fully automated biochemistry analyzer, Beckman Coulter (BC480) in the clinical laboratory. Results: A reference interval for each parameter was calculated from the 95% reference intervals ranging from 2.5% and 97.5% percentiles and, arithmetic mean + 2 SD were also calculated. The 95% reference range for total cholesterol (2.53-6.14), triglyceride was(0.42-3.32),for HDL Cholesterol was (0.28-1.46), for LDL was(1.05-4.00) and for VLDL was (0.054-0.92) for Nepalese population. Conclusion: Nepalese clinicians can take into consideration of reference lipid values of this study for diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of disease.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(4): 366-372
Wine Sero-Status of Japanese Encephalitis among Kathmandu and Morang Districts of Nepal
Authors: Chapagain A. , Singh S. , Thapa D.B. , Bhattarai D.
Published: January 2019

Japanese Encephalitis (JE) a vector borne zoonoitc disease caused by arbovirus of Flavivirus and transmitted by Culex tritaeniorhynchus additionally pig acts as amplifying host for the virus. A total 115 swine serum samples 100 pig farmers from each district were tested against Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection. The collected samples were analyzed by using “Porcine Encephalitis B Virus Antibody Rapid Test Kit”. Among them 17% samples were positive for JE while 83% samples were negative for JE. Total 18% were positive for JE in Morang district while 115.4% were positive for Kathmandu district. There was no significant difference in prevalence of JE in these two districts (p>0.05). In Kathmandu, the prevalence was 15.4% while in Morang it was slightly higher, 18%. 9.5% younger pigs of 3-9 months of age were positive for JE and 20.6% of age above 9 months were positive of JE but were no significant (p>0.05). Similarly, 17.9% female pigs and 14.6% male pigs were positive for JE however difference was not significantly different. In case of breed, no association of pigs with seropositivity (p>0.05), 7 (13.5%) out of 52 local breed pigs and 12 (19.1%) out of 63 were JE positive. The prevalence rate of JEV was higher in Morang district among study area which might be due to several factors like lack of education in pig farmers, non vaccinated pig population and lack of awareness regarding risk factor of JEV.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(4): 373-378
Isolation, Identification and Mass production of five Trichoderma spp. on Solid and Liquid Carrier Media for Commercialization
Authors: Hewavitharana N. , Kannangara S.D.P. , Senanayake S.P.
Published: January 2019

Trichoderma spp. are fast growing fungi, widely used as bio-control agents for controlling soil borne diseases of plants, as well as growth promoters. The present investigation was carried out to isolate and identified fast growing Trichoderma spp. and mass production using low cost widely available solid and liquid carrier materials. Several fungal spp. were isolated and colony and microscopic characterization were observed in order to identify Trichoderma to generic levels following identification keys. Fast growing Trichoderma spp. were confirmed up to species level following ITS-PCR and sequencing. Identified five Trichoderma spp. were inoculated in solid (coir dust, saw dust and parboiled rice) and liquid (coconut water and rice washed water) carrier materials separately under sterile conditions. Viability and stability of each Trichoderma spp. was tested for 180 days at 40 days intervals by calculating the colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/ml). Twelve Trichoderma isolates were identified up to generic level and five Trichoderma isolates were identified as fast growing species based on their growth rates. Following molecular characterization, identities of these five Trichoderma spp. were confirmed as T. viride, T. asperellum, T. virens, T. longibrachiatum and T. harzianum. Trichoderma spp. incubated in solid carrier materials showed higher (106 CFU/ml) values than the liquid carrier materials (104 CFU/ml) after 180th days and it was significantly different. The highest stabilization potential was recorded for parboiled rice (5 x 106 – 8 x 106 CFU/ml) from day 20th to180th for all five Trichoderma spp. Locally available solid and liquid substrates can be used for the mass multiplication of selected Trichoderma spp. to maintain the viability and virulence for long term commercial availability. 

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(4): 285-293
Economics of Potato Production in Rural Area of Ilam District, Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Keshav Prasad , Adhikari Surya Prasad , Yadav Surendra
Published: January 2019

Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is grown worldwide in more than 150 countries of the world as staple food including Nepal. It is important food crops for food security and fourth most important staple food in Nepal. It contributes 2.17 in Gross Domestic Products and 6.57 in Agriculture Gross Domestic Products. The NARC has established Agriculture Research Station in Jaubari Ilam in 2014 and conducting research mainly on potato. The main objective of this study was to identify the situation of potato cultivation in the vicinity of station and suggest future activities on potato research. The field study was conducted in surroundings of five locations of the station in the hills and mountain area. In each location 35 potato growing respondents were selected randomly for the semi-structured questionnaire survey. One focus group discussion was also made in each location for the triangulation of the household information. Data were analyzed using SPSS, Strata and excel software. The result shows that the average landholding of the respondents was 2.25 ha on which they used 0.218 ha for the potato and produce average of 1208 kg. The productivity in the area was 5.6 tons which is only about 40% of the national and district productivity.  It was due to the use of local variety having low yielding and susceptible to disease like wart, late blight, and scab. The benefit cost of local cultivar found 0.68 whereas improved varieties 1.73. The regression model analysis shows that if improved variety planted by the farmers, there will be 21% increased production.  Similarly, training also influence on increase the productivity by 33% whereas the membership of cooperative and group increases 34% of production.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(4): 344-350
Pengaruh Pemberian Berbagai Konsentrasi Pupuk Organik Cair Urine Kambing Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt)
Authors: Nanda Elgi , Mardiana Siti , Pane Erwin
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi pupuk organik cair urine kambing yang tepat terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman jagung manis. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) non faktorial yang teridiri dari 5 perlakuan yaitu P0 = 0 %, P1= 5 %, P2= 10 %, P3= 15 % dan P4= 20 %. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman (cm), diameter batang (mm), jumlah daun (helai), bobot tongkol berkelobot per plot (g), bobot tongkol berkelobot per tanaman (g), bobot tongkol tanpa kelobot (g), diameter tongkol (g), persentase panjang tongkol berisi (%) dan produksi tongkol berkelobot per hektar (ton). Dari hasil yang telah didapat, diketahui bahwa pemberian berbagai konsentrasi pupuk organik cair urine kambing berpengaruh nyata meningkatkan tinggi tanaman (cm), diameter batang (mm), bobot tongkol berkelobot per plot (g), bobot tongkol berkelobot per tanaman (g), bobot tongkol tanpa kelobot (g), diameter tongkol (mm) dan produksi tongkol berkelobot per hektar (ton). Pemberian berbagai konsentrasi pupuk organik cair urine kambing berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap jumlah daun (helai) dan persentase panjang tongkol berisi (%). Hasil terbaik untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman jagung manis adalah pada perlakuan P3 yaitu pada konsentrasi 15 % pupuk organik cair urine kambing.
Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Kacang Kedelai (Glycine Max (L) Merril) Dengan Pemberian Sekam Padi Dan Pupuk Hormon Tanaman Unggul (Hantu)
Authors: Rosanti Rosanti , Rahman Abdul , Noer Zulhery
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mengetahui  pengaruh  Sekam  Padi dan Pupuk Hantu terhadap pertumbuhan kacang Kedelai (Glycine max (L) Merril). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial yang terdiri 2 faktor, yaitu: 1. Faktor perlakuan Pupuk Hantu ( notasi N ), dengan tiga taraf perlakuan yaitu: N1 = 2cc/liter; N2 = 4cc/liter; N3 = 6cc/ liter; dan 2. Faktor perlakuan Sekam Padi ( notasi P ) dengan empat taraf perlakuan yaitu: P0 = 0 kg/plot; P1=  2 kg/plot; P2 = 4 kg/plot; P3 = 6 kg/plot. Adapun hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) Pemberian sekam padi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kedelai yakni parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan jumlah cabang pada umur 2, 4, 6 MST, dan produksi kedelai yakni berat 1000 biji, produksi per tanaman sampel dan produksi perplot. 2) Pemberian pupuk Hantu tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kedelai yakni parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan jumlah cabang pada umur 2, 4, 6 MST, dan produksi kedelai yakni berat 1000 biji, produksi per tanaman sampel, dan produksi perplot. 3) Interaksi pemberian sekam padi dan pupuk Hantu tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kedelai yakni parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan jumlah cabang pada umur 2, 4, 6 MST, dan produksi tanaman yakni berat 1000 biji, produksi per tanaman sampel, dan produksi per plot.
Pengendalian Hama Penggerek Bonggol Pisang (Cosmopolites sordidus. Germar) Dan Penggerek Batang Pisang (Odoiphorus longicollis. Olivier) Dengan Beauveria bassiana
Authors: Syahputra Agung , Suswati Suswati , Indrawati Asmah
Published: January 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggali informasi tentang kemampuan cendawan Beauveria bassiana dalam mengurangi intensitas serangan penggerek bonggol dan penggerek batang pisang. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Lao Sambo, Kecamatan STM Hulu Kabupaten Deli Serdang, dengan ketinggian tempat 150 mdpl. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) non faktorial dengan 6 taraf  perlakuan, 4 ulangan, perlakuan adalah aplikasi jenis B. bassiana dengan dosis rekomendasi. sebagai berikut : A0 = 0 konidia/ml, A1 = 102 konidia/ml, A2 = 104 konidia/ml, A3 = 106 konidia/ml, A4 = 108 A5 = sipermetrin 0,5cc/ml. Parameter yang diamati meliputi mortalitas C.sordidus dan O.longicollis dan efektifitas dosis B.bassiana. C.sordidus Germar dan O.longicollis Oliver yang terperangkap lebih didominasi oleh trap A0 (kontrol) 75 % sedangkan A1 (suspensi 102/ml) 0 %, A2 (suspensi 104/ml) 14,29 %, A3 (suspensi 106/ml) 0 %, A4 (suspensi 108/ml) 10,71 %, dan A5 (Sipermetrin 0,5cc/ml) 0 % imago. Sedangkan O.longicollis pada trap A0 (kontrol) 39,13 % sedangkan A1 (suspensi 102/ml) 34,78 %, A2 (suspensi 104/ml) 0 %, A3 (suspensi 106/ml) 21,74%, A4 (suspensi 108/ml) 4,35% ekor, dan A5(Sipermetrin 0,5 ml) 0 % imago. Penggunaan suspensi jamur B.bassiana sangat berpengaruh nyata terhadap C.sordidus Germar dan O.longicollis Oliver yang terperangkap pada trap.
Pengaruh Pemberian Bahan Organik Kulit Biji Kopi Dan Zat Perangsang Tumbuh Hydrasil Pada Pertumbuhan Bibit Karet Okulasi Klon PB 260
Authors: Manullang Wentricho , Astuti K. Retna , Pane Erwin
Published: January 2019

Penelitian dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Medan Area yang berlokasi di jalan Kolam No. 1 Medan Estate. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2013 sampai dengan Juli 2013. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian bahan organik kulit biji kopi dan zat perangsang tumbuh terhadap pertumbuhan bibit karet okulasi. Rancangan yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial. Parameter yang diamati adalah panjang tunas, jumlah anak daun, luas daun, jumlah tangkai daun dan volume akar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua parameter yang diamati tidak berbeda nyata pada perlakuan bahan organik kulit biji kopi (K) dengan empat taraf perlakuan K0= kontrol (topsoil), K1 = 1 kg + 4 kg subsoil, K2= 2 kg + 3 kg subsoil, K3= 3 kg + 2 kg subsoil dan zat perangsang tumbuh hydrasil (H) dengan empat taraf H0= Kontrol (1 liter air), H1= 1 ml/1 liter air, H2= 2 ml/1 liter air, H3= 3 ml/1 liter air. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah pemberian bahan organik kulit biji kopi dan zat perangsang tumbuh hydrasil tidak nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit karet okulasi. Namun demikian berdasarkan uji statistik beberapa parameter pengamatan seperti panjang tunas, jumlah anak daun dan jumlah tangkai daun mengalami rata-rata pertumbuhan meningkat pada umur 6 MST dan rataan pertumbuhan yang tidak stabil (inderterminate) pada umur 8 MST -12 MST.
Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Kandang Sapi Dan Super Bokasi Aos Amino Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan produksi Kacang Hijau (Vigna radiata L.)
Authors: Sarianti Nilma , Gusmeizal Gusmeizal , Aziz Rizal
Published: January 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk kandang sapi dan Super Bokasi AOS Amino memberikan pengaruh yang baik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi kacang hijau. Penelitian dilakukan di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Medan Area yang berlokasi di jalan Kolam No.1 Medan Estate. Penelitian ini di laksanakan bulan Mei sampai bulan Juli 2015, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial, dengan dua ulangan, 16 kombinasi. Faktor pertama yaitu pupuk kandang sapi yaitu S0 = tanpa pupuk kandang sapi, S1 =  pupuk kandang pada dosis 2,25 kg per plot, S2 = pupuk kandang sapi pada dosis 4,5 kg per plot, S3= pupuk kandang sapi pada dosis 6,75 kg per plot. Faktor kedua adalah Super Bokasi AOS Amino yaitu A0 = Tanpa pemberian AOS Amino, A1= AOS Amino pada konsentrasi 0,375 %, A2 =  AOS Amino pada konsentrasi 0,75 %, A3= AOS Amino pada konsentrasi 1,13 %. Hasil  penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlakuan dosis pupuk kandang sapi ( S ) nyata meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan berat basah per 100 biji tanaman sampel kacang hijau (Vigna radiata L.) varietas vima-1.Perlakuan konsentrasi pupuk super bokasi AOS Amino (A) nyata meningkatkan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun kacang hijau (Vigna radiata L.) varietas vima-1. Serta perlakuan dosis pupuk kandang sapi dan konsentrasi pupuk super bokasi AOS Amino (SA) nyata meningkatkan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun kacang hijau (Vigna radiata L.) varietas vima-1.
Pengaruh Pemberian Biochar Dan Pupuk Bregadium Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Tanaman Sawi Hijau (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis L)
Authors: Musnoi Adi , Hutapea Sumihar , Aziz Rizal
Published: January 2019

Indonesia memiliki peluang untuk mengembangkan tanaman sayur-sayuran yang banyak bermanfaat bagi manusia. Sehingga ditinjau dari aspek klimatologis Indonesia sangat tepat untuk dikembangkan budidaya sayuran secara organik yaitu dengan memanfaatkan biomasa dari sisa-sisa tanaman berupa  “Biochar dan pupuk Bregadium”. Penelitian tentang pengaruh pemberian biochar dan pupuk bregadium terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman sawi hijau (brassica pekinensia L) dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Universitas Medan Area yang dimulai dari bulan Juli sampai bulan September 2013. Tujuan  penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian Biochar dan pupuk Bregadium Nutritions Gel UX-88 yang terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman sawi hijau. Percobaan ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 9 kombinasi perlakuan dan di ulang sebanyak 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Pemberian biochar memberikan pengaruh yang nyata untuk parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, tanaman sampel, berat tanaman per plot untuk parameter berat akar tanaman sampel dan berat akar tanaman per plot menunjukan tidak berbeda nyata , sedangkan untuk Pemberian pupuk cair bregadium memberikan pengaruh yang tidak nyata untuk semua parameter yang diamati tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, tanaman sampel, berat tanaman per plot,berat akar tanaman sampel dan berat akar tanaman per plot.
Kemandirian Belajar Ditinjau dari Dukungan Sosial Orangtua pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Pardosi Nicolas , Atrizka Diny
Published: January 2019

This study aimed to determine the relationship between parental social support and self regulated learning. The hypotesis proposed that there was a positive relationship between parental social support and self regulated learning, assuming that the higher parental social support, the higher the self regulated learning and vice versa. The research subjects in this study were 147 students of class X-XI Padang Bulan GKPI Senior High School in Medan. Data was obtained from a scale to measure parental social support and self regulated learning. The calculation was carried out through an analysis prerequisite test (assumption test) which consists of normality test and linearity test. Data was analyzed by using Product Person Moment correlation through SPSS 17 for Windows. The results of the data analysis showed a correlation coefficient of 0.572 with p of 0.000 (p <0.005). This result showed that there was a positive relationship between parental social support and self regulated learning. Based on the result, it can be concluded that there was a positive relationship between parental social support and self regulated learning. In the other words, the hypothesis was accepted.
The ‘Self’ and the ‘Other’ in Advaita Vedānta
Authors: Raina Simran
Published: January 2019

The paper examines the metaphysical and ethical approaches underlying the image of the self and the other in Advaita Vedānta (hereafter AV). AV examines the nature of the conceptual division between the self and the other, referred to by the terms ‘I’ (asmad) and ‘you’ (yuṣmad) respectively. Behind the mundane expressions of these terms AV identifies superimposition — adhyāsa as a metaphysical precursor, which generates a cognitive error in all such expressions where we use personal pronouns ‘I’ and attributes such as ‘fat’, ‘tall’ etc. thereupon. The position of AV is that the distinction between the self and the other is due to a cognitive error caused by superimposition. In other words, to see differences in reality is ignorance (avidyā). Moreover, if this ignorance is replaced by true knowledge, i.e., knowledge of reality as Advaita, i.e., Non–duality, we shall see the development of a different kind of understanding revealing the underlying unity of self and other. This knowledge of the underlying unity generates a different attitude which dissolves social problems such as socio–political inequality, hatred and violence, etc. grounded in the ‘self’–‘other’ distinction. Like any piece of knowledge, the knowledge of the realization of an underlying non–duality or advaita brings about an attitude change towards reality. In this case, the attitude of taking granted the distinction between ‘I’ and ‘you’ is changed to seeing non–duality in all individuals.
However, in principle, since AV advocates non–duality, it cannot meaningfully talk about morality or ethics, since ethics presupposes duality between ‘I’ and ‘you.’ So the challenge is to show that, according to AV, the non–duality of self and other is the source of morality. In addition, an ethics of active love is proposed which is congruent with AV’s metaphysical commitments. The ethics of active love develops when one gives up the idea of differences and identifies oneself with others. It is a well known fact that the root of most social evils is the discrimination between ‘I’ and ‘You’. Moreover, it is the ego (I) that creates a rift between one man and another, and as a
result, society suffers from various problems such as violence, hatred,
social discrimination and corruption, etc. The conception of the oneness of all beings advocated by AV creates a spirit of love and harmony among individual selves, and this love is the foundation stone of ethics or morality. Taking recourse to the AV’s exposition of the issue, a moral interpretation of the underlying unity of self and other is also intended.
The aim of the paper is twofold: 1. To examine and present the metaphysical position of AV vis–à–vis the distinction between self and other. 2. To respond to the problem of the possibility of moral or ethical actions within AV metaphysics with a new kind of morality that is based on the identification of one’s self with others. In other words, an ethics based on and compatible with Advaita metaphysics
Um Olhar Sobre As Concepções E Crenças Dos Professores Do Noroeste Fluminense Usando Como Base Oficinas De Física
Authors: Nachez Juan Lucas , Nogueira Erica Cristina
Published: January 2019

A formação continuada de professores é um fator indispensável no desenvolvimento profissional docente nas últimas décadas. Nas regiões do interior do país, geralmente distantes dos grandes centros acadêmicos, como é o caso do Noroeste Fluminense, são escassas as iniciativas direcionadas para este fim. Contudo, este tipo de ação não pode ser pensada como um elemento isolado. As particularidades das regiões onde será aplicada, a cultura educacional e o modo de pensar e ensinar Ciências nas pequenas cidades, torna a interação Universidade - Professor - Comunidade um elemento-chave, na medida que compreende não só a realidade da região onde esse processo será desenvolvido como também preenche os anseios dos professores na busca de aprimoramento. Este relato de experiência tem como objetivo conhecer as crenças e os saberes dos professores de Ensino Médio dentro do contexto de formação continuada no Noroeste Fluminense, na área de Física, utilizando como roteiro uma experiência realizada no Município de Santo Antônio de Pádua, Rio de Janeiro. A crescente demanda por professores de Física para o Ensino Médio, sobretudo em regiões afastadas dos centros urbanos evidencia a importância de ações que possam auxiliar os professores que, muitas vezes, atuam fora das suas áreas de formação inicial.

Palavras-chave: Ensino de Física, Formação Continuada de Professores, Crenças, Região Noroeste Fluminense.
MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS WEB PADA MATA PELAJARAN BIOLOGI KELAS X
Authors: Kuswanto Joko
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis web pada mata pelajaran biologi kelas X. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan menggunakan model prosedural. Model yang dilakukan dengan tahapan prosedur pengembangan yaitu (1) Tahap perencanaan berupa analisis kebutuhan, menyusun Garis Besar Isi Media (GBIM) dan Jabaran Materi (JM), menyusun naskah (storyboard); (2) Tahap Produksi berupa persiapan, pelaksanaan, penyelesaian; (3) Tahap Evaluasi berupa evaluasi pramaster, revisi, uji lapangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis web yang dikembangkan pada mata pelajaran biologi kelas X sudah layak untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran di sekolah. Berdasarkan beberapa tahapan uji coba, media pembelajaran berbasis web dikategorikan valid dengan dengan kriteria baik. Penelitian pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis web ini diharapkan dapat menjadi media pembelajaran mata pelajaran biologi serta dapat bermanfaat bagi guru, siswa, dan peneliti lanjutan.
EFEKTIVITAS PENDEKATAN SCIENTIFIC PADA PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA
Authors: Yolanda Yaspin , Amin Ahmad , Sari Riska
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur efektivitas hasil belajar fisika siswa, aktifitas belajar siswa dan respon siswa dalam proses pembelajaran fisika dengan menggunakan Pendekatan Scientific di kelas X SMA Negeri 5 Lubuklinggau Tahun pembelajaran 2017/2018 pada materi Besaran dan Pengukuran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen. Sampel penelitian ini X.Mia.3 yang berjumlah 32 siswa dan diambil secara acak. Penggumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik tes, lembar Observasi dan angket. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dengan uji t diperoleh thitung= 5,5946 > thitung = 1,697 disimpulkan bahwa “Pendekatan Scientific pada Pembelajaran Fisika Siswa Kelas X SMA Negeri 5 Lubuklinggau efektif, aktifitas belajar siswa aktif dan respon siswa terhadap pembelajaran baik dan hasil belajar fisika siswa meningkat.
RELAÇÃO COM O SABER DE UM GRUPO DE ESTUDOS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR: AS NARRATIVAS COMO MODO E RAZÃO PARA PESQUISAR
Authors: Venâncio Luciana , Sanches Neto Luiz , Alexandre Brasil Rafael , Lima Rocha Liana , Cynthia da Silva Ferreira Emmanuelle
Published: January 2019

A teoria da relação com o saber, proposta por Bernard Charlot, vem sendo estudada por investigadores(as) de várias áreas do conhecimento, com propósitos convergentes de desvelar e caracterizar as relações que são estabelecidas com os saberes. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar e descrever parte de um percurso de elaboração e explicitação das próprias relações com os saberes de um grupo de estudos de educação física escolar de uma universidade pública federal. Como escolha metodológica enfatizamos as narrativas. Na discussão dos resultados, provisoriamente, identificamos as dinâmicas que constituem aspectos da relação com o saber e estão presentes nos modos e razões de compreender a si mesmo(a), os(as) outros(as) e o mundo enquanto se pesquisa. Concluímos que é importante que aqueles(as) que intencionam investigar os elementos da relação com o saber caminhem em direção de si mesmos(as) para compreender a complexidade dessa rede de saberes.
UM ESTUDO SOBRE ENSINO DE FÍSICA NA PERSPECTIVA DA NOÇÃO DE RELAÇÃO COM O SABER: UMA EXPLORAÇÃO DAS PESQUISAS ACADÊMICAS NO SIMPÓSIO NACIONAL DE ENSINO DE FÍSICA-SNEF E ENCONTRO DE PESQUISA EM ENSINO DE FÍSICA - EPEF
Authors: Robson Silva do Nascimento Willdson , Pires de Camargo Eder , Dos Santos Correia Eanes
Published: January 2019

Neste trabalho foi feito um mapeamento do “estado da arte” das publicações realizadas no Simpósio Nacional de Ensino de Física-SNEF e no Encontro de Pesquisa em Ensino de Física- EPEF, com o intuito de verificar a produção dos pesquisadores em Ensino de Física na perspectiva da Noção de Relação com o Saber. O objetivo central foi traçar um perfil da produção brasileira sobre o Ensino de Física na perspectiva da Noção de Relação com o Saber e, a partir deste, identificar alguns aspectos relevantes ou lacunas na produção. Quanto ao método utilizado, realizou-se uma exploração bibliográfica, buscando identificar a forma, o conteúdo e o universo geográfico que essa produção apresenta a partir de dados quantitativos e qualitativos coletados no período das últimas seis edições. Os resultados apontam para uma tímida publicação em relação à Noção de Relação com o Saber.
RELAÇÃO COM O SABER: CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA COMPREENDER AS CONTRADIÇÕES QUE SE COLOCAM NOS PROCESSOS E PRÁTICAS EDUCATIVAS NO BRASIL
Authors: Celeste Reis Fernandes de Souza Maria
Published: January 2019

O texto se propõe a refletir sobre as contribuições da teoria da relação com o saber para compreender os desafios da educação brasileira. Dentre esses desafios, destaca-se a ampliação da jornada escolar diária, com suas contradições e tensões. Explora-se, no texto, a relação com o saber e o tempo de escola, tomando como referência resultados parciais de uma pesquisa que se propôs a compreender a relação com o saber de estudantes do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental na Escola em Tempo Integral (ETI). Os dados apresentados foram coletados por meio do “balanço de saber” (CHARLOT, 2009) e entrevistas. A análise concentra-se no tempo de estudo, e os resultados indicam pouca mobilização para o estudo em casa, mas se envolvem em aprendizagens que possibilitam ampliar o que se aprende na escola. As conclusões evidenciam que o mais tempo de escola, no modo como se propõe no Brasil hoje, via Programa Novo Mais Educação, apresenta contradições ao tomar como foco competências e habilidades visando aferição de desempenho em avaliações sistêmicas, em uma proposta que se preconiza como “integral”. Continua, assim, premente a questão da mobilização e dos sentidos a se considerar no aprender.
Effect of climate and ripening on sour cherry Maraska and Oblačinska bioactive properties
Authors: Repajić Maja , Vidrih Rajko , Hribar Janez , Puškar Boris , Dugalić Krunoslav , Jurković Zorica , Levaj Branka
Published: January 2019

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of climate conditions and ripening on total phenols (TP), total monomeric anthocyanins (TAC) and antioxidant capacity (AC) of Maraska and Oblačinska sour cherries. For that reason, TP using Folin-Ciocalteau reagent, TAC by pH-differential method and AC via DPPH method were determined in Maraska and Oblačinska sour cherry samples harvested in Zadar and Osijek area in 2014 at three maturity stages. Despite that statistical analysis showed significant differences in TP and AC between cultivars and growing locations, obtained results revealed considerable functional properties of both cultivars. Still, Maraska achieved higher TP, TAC and AC values compared to Oblačinska. Furthermore, Mediterranean climate conditions positively affected on bioactive compounds accumulation in both cultivars, where generally the highest contents of examined bioactive compounds were accomplished at the latest harvest date.
Phraseologie
als Ausdruck der Emotionen am Beispiel der Fußballberichte
Authors: Pavić Pintarić Anita , Miletić Nikolina
Published: January 2019

In Fußballberichten werden das
Spiel, das Verhalten der Spieler, Trainer und der Fußballfans beschrieben. In
diese Übertragungen fließen auch oft Einschätzungen bzw. Emotionen mit ein.
Emotionen können mit unterschiedlichen sprachlichen Mitteln evoziert werden und
Phraseme, dessen Hauptmerkmale die Expressivität und der pragmatische Mehrwert
sind, eignen sich für diese Funktion. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden
Phraseme, die Emotionen in Fußballberichten ausdrücken, untersucht. Das Korpus der Untersuchung stellen Fußballberichte zur
Europameisterschaft 2012 und Weltmeisterschaft 2014, die in der kroatischen
Zeitung Večernji list und der
deutschen Zeitung Die Zeit gesammelt
wurden, dar. Die Untersuchung basiert
auf der von Martin und White (2005: 49–51) erstellten Klassifikation von
Affekt. Sie unterscheiden zwischen folgenden Gruppen von Emotionen: Un-/Glück (Trauer, Hass, Glück, Liebe),
Un-/Sicherheit (Sorge, Angst, Vertrauen)
und Un-/Zufriedenheit (Langweile,
Unzufriedenheit, Neugier, Respekt). Die Forschungsfrage des vorliegenden
Beitrages lautet: Beschreiben die belegten Phraseme Emotionen explizit aus,
d.h. sind sie emotionsbezeichnend, oder weisen sie erst im Kontext auf
Emotionen hin? Es wird der Emotionsausdruck mittels Phraseme in deutschen und
kroatischen Fußballberichten analysiert, mit dem Ziel Ähnlichkeiten und
Unterschiede zu bestimmen
Starohrvatska imena Kegalj
(*Keglja) i Prkalj iz romanskog vrela
Authors: B. Veljković Žarko
Published: January 2019

U radu
se razmatra etimologija imena *Kegalj
(Kegьlj), odmilja *Keglja, prvoistaknutoga člana (počev od
oko 1300.) stare hrvatske, čakavske, plemićke i kasnije velikaške, grofovske
porodice koja je pripadala mađarskom plemstvu, Kegljević, isprva i Kegljin,
poznatije kao Keglević (Keglevič, Keglovič), koja je do početka XVII v. živela i imala vlastelinstva
na teritoriji Dalmacije, na području srednjeg toka reke Zrmanje, u sklopu
Kninske županije, pa potom i na teritoriji Hrvatske, ali se otad počela deliti
na više grana te prelaziti u Ugarsku, gde se na koncu konca i pomađarila. Porodica
je isprva pripadala malom plemenu/rodu po imenu Prklji, odnosno (hrv. čak.) Parklji,
što je, očito, prezime (u množini). Budući da je prethodeće romansko
stanovništvo posvedočeno upravo u areji ovog imena i prezimena, u slivu
Zrmanje, Erveniku, Kninu i okolini, a korenovi Keg- i Prk- očito nisu
slovenski, pritom nemajući veze s nem. Kegel
„čunj”, odnosno s kajk. kehlja
mađarskoga porekla, daje se sledeća etimologija – ime Kegьlj, starije *Kegljь,
pre toga *Kedljь potiče od
balkanoromanskog *Kedlj(u) od
latinskog ličnog imena Catullius
(isprva porodičnog prezimena), a prezime *Prkьlj,
starije *Prkljь potiče od
balkanoromanskog *Proklj(u), što je
lično ime koje je tamo postalo prezime, a poreklom od latinskog ličnog imena Proculius (isprva porodičnog prezimena).
Zaključuje se, stoga, i to da je porodica Kegljević romanskoga porekla, tj. da
su oni poreklom pohrvaćeni, počakavljeni Romani
Collocations
and Term Variation in Mechanical Engineering Discourse
Authors: Cigan Vesna
Published: January 2019

Terminological
collocations1 are one of the most typical and very frequent units of
representation of concepts in many disciplines. Although traditionally
considered to be unwelcome in terminology, synonymy is amply present in
specialized languages. Consequently, the same phenomenon is reflected in
terminological collocations. This paper aims to investigate synonymous
collocations extracted from mechanical engineering texts in terms of the most
frequent and relevant types of denominative variation in the selected English
collocations as well as of their equivalents in German and Croatian. The
analysis of variations in terminological collocations gives insight into the
(non)substitutability of collocation constituents as one of the major
characteristics of collocations. Extracted collocations are analysed within a
two-tier framework structured at a paradigmatic and a syntagmatic level, which
allows for the identification of the three types of term variation:
morphological, syntagmatic and semantic. Focusing on the collocations with the
structure noun + noun and adjective + noun the results show that constituents
of both syntactic structures allow substitution. The denominative variants are
prevalent in adjective + noun collocations in which synonymous lexical elements
functioning as collocates do not entail a concept change (admissible load ↔
allowable load). Lexeme substitutions are also annotated in noun + noun
collocations expressing a slightly different dimension or facet of the concept
(face gear vs. crown gear vs. crown wheel). The majority of German equivalents
are nominal compounds that outnumber their morphological variants offering
multiple equivalences.
Pragmastilistika lirske pjesme (Ivan Slamnig: Kad mi svega bude dosta)
Authors: Ryznar Anera
Published: January 2019

U radu se skicira moguće područje preklapanja stilistike i pragmatike kako bi se oblikovao novi hermeneutički model za interpretaciju lirskoga teksta. Na početku se nude osnovne infomacije o pragmatici kao disciplini, njezinim začetnicima (H. P. Griceu i J. L. Austinu) i temeljnim konceptima (deiksi i govornim činovima) iz kojih se derivira opća teza o performativnosti književnoga diskurza (Sh. Felman) s kojom je povezana i performativna hipoteza na kojoj se ustrojava lirska komunikacija (S. Levin). U središnjem dijelu rada nudi se pragmastilističko čitanje pjesme Kad mi svega bude dosta Ivana Slamniga. Pjesmu se najprije smješta u kontekst Slamnigova lirskog opusa te krugovaške poetike, a potom se izdvajaju i opisuju njezina osnovna stilska obilježja: prividna „lakoća” i komunikativnost, utjecaj ‘kolokvijalnog’ stila, uredna i simetrična kompozicija, metrički i versifikacijski postupci (trohejski osmerac, leoninska rima, izosilabičnost). Teza od koje analiza polazi jest da pjesma, koja se na prvi pogled čini pristupačnom i razumljivom, iz pragmastilističke perspektive izgleda bitno drukčije: njezina se „lakoća” pokazuje kao iluzija jer lirski subjekt specifičnim jezičnim i stilskim izborima (govornim činovima komisivima, specifičnom upotrebom deikse, foričkim odnosima i glagolskim vremenima) otežava (čak opstruira) lirsku komunikaciju. Interpretacija je stoga ponajviše usredotočena na autoreferencijalnost i performativnost Slamnigova pjesničkog diskurza nasuprot tradicionalnim konstativnim interpretacijama zaokupljenima dešifriranjem tekstualnih značenja
Karakteristik CEO Dan Kinerja Perusahaan Non-Keuangan Yang Teraftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Sudana I Made , Dwiputri Elka
Published: January 2019

The purpose from this research is to test the effect from CEO characteristics towards firm performance. CEO characteristics was proxied with founder CEO, ownership, tenure, and education. Firm performance was proxied with Tobin’s Q. The sample from this research are every non-financial firm that have been listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2010 – 2015 period. The method from this research is purposive sampling with analysis technique model multiple linier regression. The result from this research showed that founder CEO, CEO ownership, CEO tenure have a positive significant effect towards firm’s performance or Tobin’s Q.

 

Keywords : CEO Characteristics,  Firm Performance