bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The history of the formation of international organizations in the world
Authors: Kubas Sabina
Published: December 2021

The formation of an international organization is a process which stems from the need to act at a given time and in given conditions that occur in a specific environment. An organization is established when a group of subjects of international relations realizes the need for a fully permanent and systematic cooperation in order to implement agreed tasks and competences. Interest in such activity arises when the common need or threat is of such nature and magnitude that individual entities cannot cope with them alone, or they do it ineffectively. An international organization is not created for cyclical reasons for a short, strictly defined period of time, but for the purpose of permanent cooperation based on the mutual interests of all its members.
Organizacja prokuratury powszechnej według ustawy z 20 lipca 1950 r. o Prokuraturze Polskiej Rzeczypospolitej Ludowej
Authors: Obara Adam
Published: December 2021

Artykuł stanowi próbę przedstawienia kwestii organizacji prokuratury powszechnej w Polskiej Rzeczpospolitej Ludowej na podstawie przepisów ustawy z 20 lipca 1950 r. o prokuraturze powszechnej. Zostały wtedy wprowadzone niektóre modele prokuratury i szczególną wagę kładziono na rozwój i zasady socjalistycznej prokuratury w Związku Sowieckim, a później na zaadaptowanie tych rozwiązań w polskim systemie prawnym. Ustawa z 20 lipca 1950 r. odrzuciła zasady organizacji prokuratury w stylu kapitalistycznym, które obowiązywały dotychczas, ponieważ uznano je za sprzeczne z nowym ustrojem państwa. Zastąpiono je rozwiązaniami, na podstawie których prokuratura została oddzielona od Ministerstwa Sprawiedliwości i stała się w ten sposób instytucją niezależną od wszystkich organów administracji publicznej. Pomimo tego, że przepisy formalnie przewidywały podporządkowanie prokuratury Radzie Stanu, w rzeczywistości o kierunku i funkcjonowaniu prokuratury decydowali dygnitarze partii komunistycznej. Komuniści potrzebowali w pełni posłusznego im organu władzy, dzięki któremu mogliby osiągać swoje cele. W konsekwencji prokuratura, której głównym zadaniem było ściganie przestępstw, stała się instytucją kontrolno-nadzorczą skierowaną nie tylko na pojedynczych obywateli, ale także na organizacje i urzędy. Obowiązki te były wykonywane na podstawie nadanych jej uprawnień w postaci tzw. nadzoru ogólnego, którego wyznacznikiem wykonania miała być kara represyjna. Ustawa ta, mimo że była dość ogólna i lakoniczna (składała się z dwudziestu czterech części, z których siedem stanowiło przepisy przejściowe i końcowe), wprowadziła wszystkie elementy niezbędne do wdrożenia w Polsce socjalistycznej prokuratury w oparciu o koncepcję Lenina. Socjalistyczny model prokuratury obowiązywał w Polsce aż do czasu przemian społeczno-politycznych w 1989 r.
Dramaturgia współtworzenia znaczeń wypowiedzi scenicznej. Na marginesie lektury Tekstów dla (Starego) Teatru Pawła Demirskiego
Authors: Popczyk-Szczęsna Beata
Published: December 2021

The article deals with dramaturgy in the broad sense of the term – as a written creative work and the characteristic feature of human activities: artistic and social. The starting point for these discussions is the publication of an anthology of Paweł Demirski’s theatrical texts commissioned by the National Stary Theatre in Krakow. The book is an excellent testimony to stage creativity because it contains conversations with the author and actors about the stages of work in the performance. The article presents reflections on the dramaturgy of the process of creating a text and a theatrical performance, the characteristics of Paweł Demirski’s writing and the content arrangement in the anthology. Reading this book is a peculiar aesthetic experience and a challenge for the reader. The dramaturgy of the message leads to the dramaturgy of its reception: the reader updates and co-creates meanings of theatrical texts, according to individual knowledge and sensitivity. Aesthetic experience is shaped by combining different mental spaces: it is reading a text / seeing a performance.
Eksperyment somatyczno-dramaturgiczny. Haptyczna wizualność i deziluzyjna dramaturgia w filmie Czarny Łabędź Darrena Aronofsky’ego
Authors: Woroch Adrianna
Published: December 2021

Based on the example of Darren Aronofsky’s film Black Swan, the article explores the disillusive potential of interfering with the classic model of film dramaturgy. Referring to the traditional paradigm developed by Syd Field, the author indicates deviations from the conventional narrative that occur in Aronofsky’s film. The text seeks to confirm the thesis that contemporary cinematography exemplifies the trend of abandoning the attempts to create a seemingly referential world. By questioning the fundamental structure of the film’s dramaturgy, Black Swan provides additional interpretive possibilities. However, displaying the constituent elements of a work, for example, by transaccentuating their meaning or changing their place or length of occurrence, is not the most obvious disillusionment strategy. It may in fact remain hidden until the moment of careful analysis.
Szorstki i chropowaty dotyk – o dramaturgii zmysłów
Authors: Błaszczak Monika
Published: December 2021

Today, the concept of dramaturgy refers primarily to the space of theater or, more broadly, to performative arts. But as the concept of drama has passed into the scientific discourse of sociology, anthropology or literary studies, so is it with dramaturgy. The understanding that appears here refers to its meaning as a special tension on the level of sensually experienced and perceived artistic events. The subject of interest here is the dramatic aesthetics of experience in the field of performing and visual arts. The aesthetic categories related to the senses are often of a physical origin and amorphous in nature. The roughness and harshness of the title in their origin are physical categories that can be experienced primarily through the sense of touch. In this intertwining of senses, we are talking about their dramaturgy, because they cannot usually be separated from each other and various works appeal to touch and other senses at the same time. The process of creating a work and its reception is an action, process, meeting, the playwright of which is both the creator / creator and the recipient. The considerations concern changes in the perception of the senses, from the glorification of the sense of sight to the ennoblement of the “lower” senses, the place and function of the classical and interactive museum and haptic art, as well as the polysensory and immersive reception designed in performance and theater.
Dramat. Twórczość. Transgresja. Przestrzenie intersubiektywnych doświadczeń w mistrzowskim dyskursie
Authors: Wróblewska Halina Monika
Published: December 2021

The article is a response to the proposal to create a space for discourse on the dramatic dimensions of contemporary humanities. Dramaturgy, creativity and transgression are notions in the master discourse of three women Nobel Prize winners. The basis for the text is the issues contained in the speeches given by these Nobel Prize-winning authors. The intersubjective discourse around humanistic concerns about the changes in the present regards the limits of creation, the process of creative transgressions in designing the world and the potential in the space of sense-creating experiences. It shows a vision of a human who “thinks through creativity, sees the world differently”. Transgressive activity allows us to transform reality, and going beyond the boundaries is like successive acts of creating, or at least the creation of the world.
Po co dramaturgowi aktor performatywny?
Authors: Baluch Wojciech
Published: December 2021

The article is an attempt to answer the question of how contemporary performative acting enters into artistically and cognitively significant interactions with the new Polish dramaturgy. The relationship between the two forms of art is discussed in relation to two types of acting: task-oriented and performative. The concept of both types of acting is derived from the analysis of selected contemporary theater and television productions of dramas and scenarios arising from the achievements of the latest Polish dramaturgy. The examples that are analyzed reveal various aspects and types of the actors’ performative game, which include the issues of the actor’s subjectivity, their presence on stage and the materiality of the body. Unlike many of today’s discussions, the interpretations and comments on selected scenes and fragments of a performance do not focus on the subversive dimension of the above-mentioned aspects of acting, but look for new perspectives of reception and, at the same time, broaden the areas of theatrical experience. These new perspectives and areas are triggered by references to the affective and mental processes of reception, which allow perceptions to exclude, at least partially, the tendency to automatically interpret everything that surrounds them. The analyses featured in the article therefore aim to describe those aspects of performative acting that enable the viewer to derive benefit from what the new Polish dramaturgy offers.
Fonctionnement interlingual des mèmes humoristiques : entre création, interprétation et traduction
Authors: Szeflińska-Baran Magdalena
Published: December 2021

The article focuses on the multisemiotic functioning of Internet memes in communication through the web, focused, among other things, on a humorous effect. The role of the image, first of all, in the creation of the Internet meme and also in its re-application in a multicultural and interlingual environment seems fundamental. This iconic element is part of the large and varied number of relationships with other types of signs (linguistic, cultural, discursive). It seems that the question of the typological diversity of image-text relations (in the very broad sense of it) can be addressed from a variety of perspectives that involve not only a philosophy of translation, but also an approach to humorous communication on the Internet. The article aims to analyse the nature of the relationship that unites an iconic element with a linguistic element that constitutes the essence of the message conveyed by internet memes.
Peut-on traduire une image? Implications de la créativité dans la traduction de textes audiovisuels
Authors: De los Reyes Lozano Julio , Chaume Frederic
Published: December 2021

Multimodality is an integral characteristic of Audiovisual Translation. Regardless of type and genre, audiovisual texts (i.e. film, TV series, videogame) are above all semiotic constructs comprising several signifying codes that operate simultaneously in the production of meaning. While audiences mechanically receive and interpret the information transmitted by each of these codes and signs, audiovisual translators must know their functioning and consider their possible impact on translation operations. In this context, images represent one of the major challenges to ensure coherence within audiovisual translation. This paper sets out to explore the main strategies used to explicit iconographic information in the target text. These practices typically involve, but are not limited to, the inclusion of linguistic signs related to the icon as well as the inclusion of signs belonging to other meaning codes, thanks to the possibilities that new technologies and digitalization now offer. Linked to the notions of transcreation and localization, these help target audiences fill gaps in the understanding of audiovisual texts, but also promote overtranslation. This may lead to an extreme domestication, a phenomenon in which foreign cultures would be erased. In this regard, we wonder if such practices will not assume a paternalistic approach to target audiences.
A New Look at Geyser Formation in Sewer Systems
Authors:   University of Michigan, Wright Steven J.
Published: December 2021

Previous analysis of pressure and velocity data collected at a site experiencing stormwater geysers suggested a mechanism for the occurrence. Laboratory experiments attempting to reproduce the geysers were promising but inconclusive due to potential scale effects in the small scale experiments. Subsequent researchers have generally used this early work as the starting point for subsequent laboratory experiments. Over the years, a number of videos of geysers in actual systems have been obtained and a review of important features from these videos calls into question certain aspects of the original hypothesis. An alternative explanation for the phenomenon has been developed and an experimental system has been identified that may help resolve some questions. However, laboratory experiments may also be impacted by scale effects and several preliminary studies must be conducted to determine whether there is a fruitful path forward in advancing our knowledge of this phenomenon.
Digital Goods and Digital Platforms
Authors: Arai Koki
Published: December 2021

In this study, I analyze the characteristics of consumer attitudes toward digital and non-digital service provision in the platform business and discuss its regulation. Specifically, I employ consumer questionnaires on subscription services and extract comparable objects to examine the interests that end consumers evince in the provision of these goods and services, thereby enabling better distinction between digital and non-digital goods. A logit analysis of consumer attitudes toward digital and non-digital goods shows that low-price appeals are more effective for digital goods than for non-digital goods, and that they are demanded by younger, male, and higher-income consumers based on an online survey conducted in February 2021. In terms of regulatory and research responses, the issue of market dominance needs to be examined in light of business activities based on the characteristics of goods.
Flexibility in migratory strategy contrasts with reliance on restricted staging and overwintering grounds for Sabine’s gulls from the Canadian High Arctic
Authors: Gutowsky Sarah Elizabeth , Davis Shanti E , Maftei Mark , Mallory Mark L
Published: December 2021

Sabine’s gulls (Xema sabini) undertake the longest migration of any gull, a trans-equatorial journey between Arctic breeding and southern hemisphere wintering areas. For such long-distance migrants, quantifying within- and between-individual variation in migratory strategy is key towards understanding resilience to environmental variability encountered over migration. We tracked 22 birds on 32 migrations from the Canadian Arctic to evaluate strategies and quantify flexibility among individuals and years. All birds undertook extended stopovers in a geographically-restricted staging area halfway through migration in the California Current System in both directions. Individuals were otherwise flexible in most aspects of migration but were repeatable in arrival date and duration of the southbound staging phase. Routes taken during southbound migration and overlap in overwintering areas were significantly larger within the same year than among years. Overall, birds showed high individual flexibility in migratory strategies but made similar decisions to one another in the same years. Every year, all birds showed repeatable, consistent reliance on the staging grounds as a key stopover site in both directions. This suggests Sabine’s gulls adjust to environmental change in many aspects of their migration but may be vulnerable to climate change and other anthropogenic influences during critical stages of the journey.
First evidence of diverging migration and overwintering strategies in glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus) from the Canadian Arctic
Authors: Baak Julia E. , Patterson Allison , Gilchrist H. Grant , Elliott Kyle H.
Published: December 2021

Many seabird populations differ in their migration strategies, where individuals travel in different directions to separate wintering areas. These migratory strategies may expose individuals to different threats, thus understanding migratory connectivity is crucial to assess risks to populations. Glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus) are generalist predators with flexible migratory behaviour that may alter these behaviours in response to climate change and anthropogenic activities, such as access to landfills, yet little is known about their migration. We deployed GPS and GLS tracking devices on glaucous gulls from Coats Island, Nunavut, Canada to obtain the first insights into their migration and habitat use outside of the breeding season. Gulls used two migration strategies during the non-breeding season, where one migrated as far as the Sea of Okhotsk in the Pacific and the remainder (n = 7) wintered in the North Atlantic. Gulls primarily overwintered in pelagic (56%) and coastal (38%) habitats. While in coastal habitats, one gull visited one landfill once, but visits increased with a 1 km and 3 km buffer, suggesting that urban glaucous gulls primarily used non-landfill habitats. This research can be used as a baseline to explore changes in migratory behaviour and inform future conservation of Arctic-breeding gulls.
Migratory vertebrates shift migration timing and distributions in a warming Arctic
Authors: Lameris Thomas K. , Hoekendijk Jeroen , Aarts Geert , Aarts Aline , Allen Andrew M. , Bienfait Louise , Bijleveld Allert I. , Bongers Morten F. , Brasseur Sophie , Chan Ying-Chi , de Ferrante Frits , de Gelder Jesse , Derksen Hilmar , Dijkgraaf Lisa , Dijkhuis Laurens R. , Dijkstra Sanne , Elbertsen Gert , Ernsten Roosmarijn , Foxen Tessa , Gaarenstroom Jari , Gelhausen Anna , van Gils Jan A. , Grosscurt Sebastiaan , Grundlehner Anne , Hertlein Marit L. , van Heumen Anouk J.P. , Heurman Moniek , Huffeldt Nicholas Per , Hutter Willemijn H. , Kamstra Ynze J. J. , Keij Femke , van Kempen Susanne , Keurntjes Gabi , Knap Harmen , Loonstra A.H. Jelle , Nolet Bart A. , Nuijten Rascha J.M. , Mattijssen Djan , Oosterhoff Hanna , Paarlberg Nienke , Parekh Malou , Pattyn Jef , Polak Celeste , Quist Yordi , Ras Susan , Reneerkens Jeroen , Ruth Saskia , van der Schaar Evelien , Schroen Geert , Spikman Fanny , van Velzen Joyce , Voorn Ezra , Vos Janneke , Wang Danyang , Westdijk Wilson , Wind Marco , Zhemchuzhnikov Mikhail K. , van Langevelde Frank
Published: December 2021

Climate warming in the Arctic has led to warmer and earlier springs, and as a result, many food resources for migratory animals become available earlier in the season, as well as become distributed further northwards. To optimally profit from these resources, migratory animals are expected to arrive earlier in the Arctic, as well as shift their own spatial distributions northwards. Here, we review literature to assess whether Arctic migratory birds and mammals already show shifts in migration timing or distribution in response to the warming climate. Distribution shifts were most prominent in marine mammals, as expected from observed northward shifts of their resources. At least for many bird species, the ability to shift distributions is likely constrained by available habitat further north. Shifts in timing have been shown in many species of terrestrial birds and ungulates, as well as for polar bears. Within species, we found strong variation in shifts in timing and distributions between populations. Ou r review thus shows that many migratory animals display shifts in migration timing and spatial distribution in reaction to a warming Arctic. Importantly, we identify large knowledge gaps especially concerning distribution shifts and timing of autumn migration, especially for marine mammals. Our understanding of how migratory animals respond to climate change appears to be mostly limited by the lack of long-term monitoring studies.
A possible nonthermal X-ray emission from γ Cas analogues stars
Authors: Ryspaeva Elizaveta B. , Kholtygin Alexander F.
Published: December 2021

We analyze the archival XMM-Newton X-ray observations of 15 γ Cas analogue stars and two candidates for such objects. The EPIC spectra of the considered stars in the range of 0.2-8 keV were extracted and fitted by different models. Our estimates show that assuming the X-ray emission from γ Cas analogues to be totally thermal, their model plasma temperatures can reach anomalously high values. However including an additional power components to the model spectra leads to significant decreasing of the plasma temperatures. The spectral index of the power component is about 1.5, and the fraction of this in the total model flux is rather large (50-90%). Moreover, it decreases with expanding temperature of the X-ray emitting plasma as compared to typical OB stars. We conclude that γ Cas analogues can produce nonthermal X-ray emission within the framework of the Chen & White (1991) model, while if the nonthermal X-rays from typical OB stars exists, they should be generated by different processes.
Segmental error patterns in Finnish-accented English
Authors: Horslund Camilla Søballe , Van Nostrand Parker F.
Published: December 2021

Research suggests that explicit pronunciation teaching improves second language speech production, but language teachers often lack the relevant knowledge to teach pronunciation. This study examined segmental error patterns in Finnish-accented English and the relationship between segmental errors and foreign accent ratings in two groups differing in amount of second language experience. Our study identified a number of common segmental error patterns in Finnish-accented English, which may guide formal pronunciation instruction. We further found that the sheer number of segmental errors in a sentence affected foreign accent ratings as did the number of vowel errors in a sentence. We speculate that the detrimental effect of vowel errors may be related to the finding that vowel errors resulted in non-English segments more often than consonant errors did. Finally, we found a facilitative effect of second language experience on foreign accent rating that cannot be reduced to number of segmental errors, despite the finding that number of consonant errors was reduced with increased second language experience.
“Green technology” processing of pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) wood greenery to produce bioactive extracts
Authors: Nikonova Natalya N. , Hurshkainen Tatyana V. , Shevchenko Oksana G. , Kuchin Alexander V.
Published: December 2021

In order to explore the extractives of conifers an effective and environmentally friendly method of extraction with aqueous-alkaline solution allowing to isolate up to 10.4% of extractive substances (ES) from pine wood greenery and up to 6.9% from larch wood greenery was investigated. The component fractional composition of aqueous-alkaline extracts was studied. The antioxidant fraction activity of neutral and acidic components isolated from the produced extracts was evaluated. It was found that these fractions have a high antioxidant activity, where the activity of larch extract components was higher than that of the respective components of pine extract. Due to their rich chemical composition and high biological activity, extracts of pine and larch wood greenery produced by aqueous-alkaline extraction have good application prospects as biologically active preparations.
Infection, inflammation and thrombosis: a review of potential mechanisms mediating arterial thrombosis associated with influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Authors: Veizades Stefan , Tso Alexandria , Nguyen Patricia K.
Published: December 2021

Thrombosis has long been reported as a potentially deadly complication of respiratory viral infections and has recently received much attention during the global coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Increased risk of myocardial infarction has been reported during active infections with respiratory viruses, including influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, which persists even after the virus has cleared. These clinical observations suggest an ongoing interaction between these respiratory viruses with the host’s coagulation and immune systems that is initiated at the time of infection but may continue long after the virus has been cleared. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology of viral-associated myocardial infarction, highlight recent clinical studies supporting a causal connection, and detail how the virus’ interaction with the host’s coagulation and immune systems can potentially mediate arterial thrombosis.
Significance of Entropy Generation and the Coriolis Force on the Three-Dimensional Non-Darcy Flow of Ethylene-Glycol Conveying Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs and MWCNTs)
Authors: Ullah Ikram , Hayat Tasawar , Aziz Arsalan , Alsaedi Ahmed
Published: December 2021

Nanofluids based on CNTs/ethylene glycol have a potential role in contributing to industrial applications like heat exchangers, domestic refrigerator, electronics cooling, etc. The aim and novelty of the present research is to communicate the significance of the Coriolis force and Darcy-Forchheimer stretched flow of ethylene glycol (EG) conveying carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in a rotating frame. Furthermore, entropy analysis is the main focus in this study. Two types of CNTs known as multiwalled (MWCNT) and single-walled (SWCNT) carbon nanotubes are considered. Ethylene glycol (EG) is treated as the base liquid. Xue’s model is utilized for the physical aspects of specific heat, density and thermal conductivity. The heat transfer mechanism is modeled through nonlinear thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and convective condition. The governing flow problems have been computed numerically via the NDSolve method. Outcomes for single-walled and multi-walled CNTs are arranged and compared. Our findings reveal that entropy generation is accompanied by an increasing trend in the Brinkman number and temperature ratio parameter. Temperature increases with the intensification of radiative and convective variables. Moreover, the temperature gradient has marginally larger values in the case of SWCNT, when compared with MWCNT.
Over-Equilibrium as a Result of Conservatively-Perturbed Equilibrium (Acyclic and Cyclic Mechanisms)
Authors: Trishch Vitaliy R. , Beznosyk Yuriy O. , Constales Denis , Yablonsky Gregory S.
Published: December 2021

The effect of over-equilibrium, i. e., the effect at which the concentration of some substance is higher than the corresponding equilibrium value, is demonstrated for two types of ideal chemical reactors, continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and plug-flow reactor (PFR), respectively, under conditions of conservatively perturbed-equilibrium (CPE). Two types of complex chemical mechanisms are analyzed, acyclic and cyclic ones. Using numerical experiments and the same residence times, it is shown that for the steady-state PFR this effect is more pronounced that for the steady-state CSTR, and it is true both for acyclic and cyclic reactions. In the studied mechanisms, cyclic and acyclic, the initial concentration of some substance is taken as the equilibrium one, and two other concentrations are the nonequilibrium ones. The greater the difference between the two initially nonequilibrium concentrations, the greater the concentration of the third substance, which was taken initially as the equilibrium one. At the specific values of kinetic parameters considered here, the sensitivity of the occurrence time of the B-concentration extremum for the different reactors (PFR and CSTR) at the fixed mechanism is small, but for the different mechanisms (acyclic and cyclic) at the fixed reactor is significant.
How grammar grows out of social interaction: From multi-unit to single-unit question
Authors: Doehler Simona Pekarek
Published: December 2021

This article scrutinizes interactional motivations for the sedimentation of grammatical usage patterns. It investigates how multi-unit questioning turns may have routinized into a single-unit social action format. Multimodal sequential analysis of French conversational data identifies a recurrent pattern in which a question-word question is followed by a candidate answer (formally: [question-word question + phrase/clause]). The data show a continuum of synchronic usage, the pattern being implemented as either two or one turn-constructional unit(s), with intermediate cases displaying fuzzy boundaries. In usage (i), a candidate answer emerges in response to the recipient’s lack of uptake as a way of pursuing response; in (ii) the candidate answer occurs immediately after the question, with fuzzy prosodic boundaries between the two units; in (iii) the pattern is produced as a single turn-constructional unit, showing important lexico-syntactic and prosodic consistency. It is argued that the integrated format (iii) originates in the repeated interactional sequencing of two subsequent actions, as in (i), and serves as a resource for proffering a highly tentative guess: It is the routinized product of frequent combinations in use, emerging from the interactionally motivated two-unit format. The findings support an understanding of interaction as a driving force for the routinization of patterns of language use.
Application of a novel gas phase synthesis approach to carbonyl complexes of accelerator-produced 5d transition metals
Authors: Götz Michael , Yakushev Alexander , Götz Stefan , Di Nitto Antonio , Düllmann Christoph E. , Asai Masato , Kindler Birgit , Krier Jörg , Lommel Bettina , Nagame Yuichiro , Sato Tetsuya K. , Suzuki Hayato , Tomitsuka Tomohiro , Tokoi Katsuyuki , Toyoshima Atsushi , Tsukada Kazuaki
Published: December 2021

In 2014 the first synthesis of a transactinide carbonyl complex – seaborgium hexacarbonyl – was reported. This was achieved in gas-phase chemical experiments in a beam-free environment behind the recoil separator GARIS. Extending this work to heavier elements requires more efficient techniques to synthesize carbonyl complexes as production rates of transactinide elements drop with increasing atomic number. A novel approach was thus conceived, which retains the benefit of a beam-free environment but avoids the physical preseparation step. The latter reduces the yields for products of asymmetric reactions such as those used for the synthesis of suitable isotopes of Sg, Bh, Hs and Mt. For this a series of experiments with accelerator-produced radioisotopes of the lighter homologues W, Re and Os was carried out at the tandem accelerator of JAEA Tokai, Japan. A newly developed double-chamber system, which allows for a decoupled recoil ion thermalization and chemical complex formation, was used, which avoids the low-efficiency physical preseparation step. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of this newly developed method using accelerator-produced short-lived radioisotopes of the 5d homologues of the early transactinides.
Meir-Keeler Contraction In RectangularM−Metric Space
Authors: Asim Mohammad , Mujahid Samad , Uddin Izhar
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we prove some fixed point theorems for a Meir-Keeler type Contraction in rectangularM−metric space. Thus, our results extend and improve very recent results in fixed point theory.
Expression levels of BAP1, OGT, and YY1 genes in patients with eyelid tumors
Authors: Tas Ayca , Gumus Erkan , Ozmen Esma , Erdogan Haydar , Silig Yavuz
Published: December 2021

Objectives

The aim of this study was to investigate BAP1, OGT and YY1 genes and protein levels in 12 samples (8 males, 4 females) of eyelid tumor tissue with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and 12 normal control subjects (8 males, 4 females).

Methods

The expression levels of these genes were determined with RT-PCR and the protein levels and expression using ELISA and IHC methods, respectively.

Results

In RT-PCR analysis, statistically significant upregulated expression was determined of 1.84-fold of BAP1, 2.85-fold of OGT and 3.06-fold of YY1 genes (p < 0.05). In the patient group, compared to the control group, there was a similar statistically significant strong correlation between the proteins (BAP1 and YY1; r = 0.850, BAP1 and OGT; r = 0.811, OGT and YY1; r = 0.755) (p < 0.05). In the ELISA and IHC analysis methods, a significant increase in BAP1 and YY1 protein expression levels was observed compared to the control group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The study results demonstrated that BAP1 and YY1 genes and protein levels were upregulated in eyelid tumor tissue with BCC.
A creep-fatigue life prediction model considering multi-factor coupling effect
Authors: Huo Junzhou , Sun Debin , An Shaoxia
Published: December 2021

A creep-fatigue life prediction model based on a novel creep damage evaluation method (NCDEM) considering the multi-factor coupling effect is presented in this paper. Further, to verify the validity and practicability, the creep-fatigue life of GH4169 at 650 °C is calculated to compare with the experimental results. Ultimately, the prediction results are respectively compared with those of the creep-fatigue life prediction models based on the time fraction method (TFM), ductility exhaustion method (DEM), and strain energy density exhaustion method (SEDEM). Consequently, the prediction results are distributed in ±1.5 times dispersion band, which elucidates the creep-fatigue life prediction model proposed based on the NCDEM has the best ability.
Strategische Entwicklung von Standortrollen
Authors: Schuh Günther , Gützlaff Andreas , Schlosser Tino X. , Ays Julian , Rodemann Niklas , Schollemann Alexander
Published: December 2021

Produzierende Unternehmen sind häufig in globalen Netzwerken organisiert. Zur Sicherstellung einer hohen Wettbewerbsfähigkeit muss jeder Standort im Netzwerk eine spezifische Rolle einnehmen und einen gemeinsam festgelegten Leistungsauftrag verfolgen. Diese Zuordnung erfolgt im Rahmen eines Standortrollenkonzepts. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt ein praxiserprobtes Vorgehen zur strategischen Entwicklung von Standortrollen dar, welches individuelle Restriktionen berücksichtigt und somit Unternehmen als Orientierungspunkt für die Netzwerkgestaltung dient.
Gestaltung additiv-subtraktiver Prozessketten
Authors: Steiner-Stark Johanna , Kirsch Benjamin , Hartig Jörg , Aurich Jan C.
Published: December 2021

Für viele Anwendungen sind die Oberflächenqualität und die geometrische Genauigkeit von Teilen, die mittels Laser-Strahlschmelzen (LBM) hergestellt werden, nicht ausreichend. Um die Prozesszeiten der notwendigen spanenden Nachbearbeitung zu reduzieren, kann eine Hochgeschwindigkeitszerspanung realisiert werden. Durch eine optimale Abstimmung der additiv-subtraktiven Prozesskette soll das Potenzial der additiven Fertigung voll ausgenutzt werden.
Kooperationen mit Start-ups
Authors: Sandikçi Süleyman
Published: December 2021

Aufgrund vielfältiger Entwicklungen in ihrem Umfeld müssen sich etablierte Unternehmen externen Wissensquellen öffnen, um Innovationen hervorzubringen. Im Rahmen von Corporate Venturing suchen sie dazu häufig einen Zugang zu Start-ups. Während Corporate Venturing kein neues Phänomen darstellt, erlebt es in den letzten Jahren einen Aufschwung. Dies zeigt sich etwa daran, dass viele DAX30-Unternehmen über Venture-Einheiten verfügen, um Kooperationen mit Startups zu betreiben. Anhand der Ergebnisse einer Unternehmensbefragung mit mehr als 400 Teilnehmern aus verschiedenen Branchen werden in diesem Beitrag die Motivation der Kooperationspartner und Technologieschwerpunkte von etablierten Unternehmen thematisiert.
Predicting and Manipulating Cone Responses to Naturalistic Inputs
Authors: Angueyra Juan M. , Baudin Jacob , Schwartz Gregory W. , Rieke Fred
Published: December 2021

Primates explore their visual environment by making frequent saccades, discrete and ballistic eye movements that direct the fovea to specific regions of interest. Saccades produce large and rapid changes in input. The magnitude of these changes and the limited signaling range of visual neurons mean that effective encoding requires rapid adaptation. Here, we explore how macaque cone photoreceptors maintain sensitivity under these conditions. Adaptation makes cone responses to naturalistic stimuli highly nonlinear and dependent on stimulus history. Such responses cannot be explained by linear or linear-nonlinear models but are well explained by a biophysical model of phototransduction based on well-established biochemical interactions. The resulting model can predict cone responses to a broad range of stimuli and enables the design of stimuli that elicit specific (e.g., linear) cone photocurrents. These advances will provide a foundation for investigating the contributions of cone phototransduction and post-transduction processing to visual function.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe know a great deal about adaptational mechanisms that adjust sensitivity to slow changes in visual inputs such as the rising or setting sun. We know much less about the rapid adaptational mechanisms that are essential for maintaining sensitivity as gaze shifts around a single visual scene. We characterize how phototransduction in cone photoreceptors adapts to rapid changes in input similar to those encountered during natural vision. We incorporate these measurements into a quantitative model that can predict cone responses across a broad range of stimuli. This model not only shows how cone phototransduction aids the encoding of natural inputs but also provides a tool to identify the role of the cone responses in shaping those of downstream visual neurons.
Development of Wrist Rehabilitation Device Using Extension Type Flexible Pneumatic Actuators with Simple 3D Coordinate Measuring System
Authors: Tian Weihang , Suzuki Yoshio , Akagi Tetsuya , Dohta Shujiro , Kobayashi Wataru , Shinohara Takashi , Shimooka So , Mohd Aliff
Published: December 2021

Rehabilitation devices have been developed to assist patients recover from physical disabilities by using specific devices to do an exercise, training and therapy. The purpose of this study is to develop a home-based rehabilitation device which is safe to use and without requirement of person-in-charge. In this study, a simple home-based wrist rehabilitation device which can give passive exercise on spherical orbit while patients hold its handles is proposed and tested. The device has two moving handling stage driven by 6 extension type flexible pneumatic actuators (“EFPA” for short) on two hemispherical acrylic domes. The device can give passive exercise for the upper limb by changing the relative position of the patient’s hands. In this paper, the construction and operating principle of the tested device are described. A low-cost 3-dimentional coordinate measuring system using two wire-type linear potentiometers to control the position of the holding stages is also described. In addition, the tracking position control of the holding handles on sphere is carried out. As a result, it can be found that the handling stage of the tested device can trace the desired orbit based on the coordinates measured from 3-dimentional coordinate measuring system. It can be confirmed that the tested wrist rehabilitation device has a possibility to apply passive movements to the wrist along desired orbit while patients hold its handles.
Assessment of Partially Premixed Flame by In-Situ Adaptive Reduced Mechanisms in OpenFOAM
Authors: Kamma Panit , SUVANJUMRAT CHAKRIT
Published: December 2021

The partially premixed flame was modelled using an open-source software based on finite volume method (FVM) of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), called OpenFOAM. The assessment of the tabulation dynamics adaptive chemistry (TDAC) algorithms for facilitating the computation was of interest. A total of seven models were performed, consisting of six models of the TDAC framework application and a direct computation model without TDAC. Simulation results were validated by comparing against the thermal flame height (HT) of Irandoost et al. [28]. The heat released rate was established from simulation results to identify the flame front and HT. This is a novel technique to illustrate the flame front, which agreed well with the experiment. Subsequently, it was found that all but one of the reduced mechanism methods agreed well in predicting the HT. The exception was DRGEP. Particularly, the CFD results were optimal. It was discovered that the TDAC based on the mechanism reduction called element flux analysis (EFA) was the second-fastest but optimal choice to solve the partially premixed flame model.
Analysis of the Influence of Droplet Breakup Time using Kelvin-Helmholtz Model, on the Diesel Spray Formation, Evaporation and Combustion
Authors: Ortiz Sanchez Yesid , Flórez Serrano Elkin Gregorio , Mesa Grajales Dairo Hernan
Published: December 2021

A numerical simulation of the intake and compression stroke and fuel spray and combustion in a direct injection compression ignition engine was performed using the Converge CFD software. For this purpose, the Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes (RANS) k-e RNG model and an n-dodecane kinetic mechanism were used in order to obtain the flow fields in the cylinder and to perform the breakup time analysis of the Kelvin-Helmholtz model in the variables related to the spray and combustion. The turbulent flow inside the cylinder was analysed, obtaining consistent results with experimental pressure data and other research authors. The droplet breakup time is evaluated as a function of the breakup time constant (B1), the initial droplet radius (ro), the wavelength  and the maximum growth rate ( . The results indicate that the numerical method and the models used in this work are adequate to perform subsequent representative combustion analyses with values of B1=7.  It was possible to show that the formation of the species OH is greater for low values of B1. Also, higher values of the breakup time, variables such as temperature, pressure, fuel evaporation, ignition delay, and species formation are affected.
HACIA UNA TEORÍA FEMINISTA DEL ESTADO. EL ESTADO DE LOS CUIDADOS
Authors: Gorriti Jacinta , Farrán Roque
Published: December 2021

En este texto exploramos y presentamos algunos elementos que nos permiten considerar la elaboración de una teoría feminista del Estado. Partimos de una perspectiva filosófica materialista que nos brinda un marco amplio y riguroso de indagación, que incluye una consideración por la tópica social compleja en la que se inscriben nuestras prácticas y una especial atención sobre la dinámica de los afectos que nos orientan en ellas. En función de esta perspectiva, proponemos el concepto de Estado de los cuidados. La lógica de los cuidados a la que nos referimos aquí no se limita al problema de la reproducción social sino que atraviesa el conjunto de instancias y de prácticas e involucra en simultáneo un modo de conocer, un modo de ser y un modo de constituirse a sí mismo.
Better than any Doctor
Authors: Erschbamer Marlene
Published: December 2021

Himalayan peoples bathe in hot springs for medical and spiritual therapy. Included in local myths, hot springs are natural features that form a part of cultural memory and are social, cultural, religious, and medical venues. They also represent the tension between economic growth and environmental protection and, consequently, the competition between different parts of people’s identities. By analyzing religious, historical, and medical texts in combination with biographical accounts, a comprehensive picture of the cultural and religious significance of hot springs in the Himalayas is presented. The focus lies on Buddhist influenced societies within the Tibetan Cultural Area which are those parts in the Himalayas that have been influenced by Tibetan culture
Problematic Sources
Authors: Platonov Evgenii
Published: December 2021

Traditional Russian worldviews explained healing from water sources in terms both Protestants and Catholics would have used elsewhere in Europe: as the grace of God or as the intervention of saints through associated relics or wonder-working icons. Holy wells were freely venerated within parishes until the eighteenth century when Peter the Great and the Holy Synod (the Russian Orthodox Church’s highest governing body) forbade pilgrimage to holy wells in a reformist drive to eradicate religious “superstitions.” This essay employs primary sources to consider how nineteenth-century developments at Russian holy wells and mineral springs related to social class, economics and those eighteenth-century reforms that merged the church with government structures. While liturgical activities at holy wells and the designation of new holy wells was criminalized, mineral springs gained appeal for “scientific” cures and as resort enterprises for the upper classes
Influence of Co, V and Mo on the structure and phase composition of chromium-modified AlSi12Cu2 casting alloy
Authors: Voron M. M.
Published: December 2021

Al-Si and Al-Si-Cu aluminum alloys are widely used materials in many industries. Such alloys have a very high ability to be recycled many times repeatedly. In this case, with each cycle of reuse, they increase the amount of harmful impurities. First of all, this problem concerns the increase in iron content. Decreasing its harmful effects by adding manganese is a classic and quite satisfactory way to ensure the quality and the required level of mechanical properties of cast parts. The use of other modifiers, especially in combination with manganese and with each other, can significantly expand the possibilities of reducing the harmful effects of iron and improving the mechanical properties of such alloys. The complex effect of Co, V and Mo on the structure and phase composition of the well-known widely used AlSi12Cu2 alloy, which already contained a small amount of chromium to enhance the modifying effect of manganese, was investigated. All modifying additives were added in an amount of 0.1–0.2 wt.%. In this case, their total content did not exceed 0.3 wt.%. It is shown that the simultaneous presence of chromium with vanadium or molybdenum in the alloy leads to the formation of coarse modified phase Al15(Fe, Mn)3Si2, the size of which is about 80–150 μm. The formation of such adverse inclusions leads to the presence of chromium, which follows from a comparison with previous studies, where chromium in the alloys was absent. When cobalt is added, iron-containing phases are formed in more favorable morphology and small sizes of about 5–20 μm. Also, these phases occur in the form of closely spaced placers of small particles smaller than 10 μm.
Gobernanza híbrida, violencia urbana y legitimidad en tiempos de pandemia: el caso del Comando Vermelho en el Complexo do Salgueiro, de Río de Janeiro, Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Thiago , Pimenta Marília , Miranda Walter Mauricio , Quirino Júlia
Published: December 2021

La perspectiva teórica de la gobernanza híbrida se ha usado como medio para comprender cómo Grupos Armados Ilegales (GAI), particularmente los del crimen organizado, controlan territorios y poblaciones. En Brasil, este marco ha generado análisis sobre formas locales de interacción entre actores legales e ilegales en los campos político y económico. Sin embargo, encontramos límites explicativos en este marco teórico cuando lo aplicamos al caso empírico de la actuación del Comando Vermelho (CV) en el Complexo do Salgueiro, desde el comienzo de la pandemia de covid-19 (marzo de 2020 hasta julio de 2021). Combinando la observación participante, la sistematización estadística y de elementos visuales y cartográficos, y el análisis de encuesta enviada electrónicamente a moradores del Complexo, proponemos posibles explicaciones para la omisión o inacción del cv ante la pandemia, contradiciendo su tradicional preocupación asistencialista hacia poblaciones bajo su control.
A note on the p-adic Kozyrev wavelets basis
Authors: Arroyo-Ortiz Edilberto
Published: December 2021

We present a basis of p-adic wavelets for Sobolev-type spaces consisting of eigenvectors of certain pseudodifferential operators. Our result extends a well-known result due to S. Kozyrev.