bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Antihypertensive Drugs on NADH in Newly Diagnosed Primary Hypertension
Authors: Pawlak-Chomicka Regina , Krauze Tomasz , Uruski Pawel , Piskorski Jaroslaw , Wykretowicz Andrzej , Tykarski Andrzej , Guzik Przemyslaw
Published: March 2022

Background. Some antihypertensive medications alter cellular energy production, presumably by modification of the mitochondrial function. In vivo studies of such effects are challenging in humans. We applied a noninvasive forearm skin measurement of the 460-nm fluorescence specific for the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) to study the 6-week effects of four different antihypertensive medications on mitochondrial function using the Flow-Mediated Skin Fluorescence (FMSF). Methods. In a prospective open-label study, we compared the long-term effects of a 6-week treatment with either amlodipine (5 mg), perindopril (5 mg), nebivolol (5 mg), or metoprolol (50 mg) on the dynamic flow-mediated changes in the skin NADH content in 76 patients (29 women) with untreated primary arterial hypertension (HA). Patients underwent 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. To study mitochondrial function, the FMSF was measured at rest, during 100-second ischemia and postischemic reperfusion. The control group consisted of 18 healthy people (7 women). Results. There were no significant differences in the FMSF parameters between the control and the study group before medication. After the 6-week treatment, all drugs similarly reduced blood pressure. Neither amlodipine, perindopril, nor nebivolol changed the flow-mediated 460-nm skin fluorescence significantly. However, metoprolol raised this fluorescence at rest, during ischemia and reperfusion (

P

at most <0.05), indicating an increase in the total NADH skin content. Conclusion. Amlodipine, perindopril, and nebivolol appear neutral for the skin NADH content during the 6-week antihypertensive treatment. Similar treatment with metoprolol increased skin NADH at rest, during ischemia and reperfusion, probably due to an effect on microcirculation and altered mitochondrial function. Explanation of the potential mechanisms behind metoprolol influence on the skin NADH metabolism requires further investigation.
The Impacts of Crude Oil Market Structure on Stock Market Growth: Evidence from Asian Countries
Authors: Le Hoang Anh , Do Doan Trang
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of crude oil market structure on stock market volatility in Asian countries in the period 2008–2017. We integrate network analysis with the SGMM estimation technique to achieve the research objective. Network analysis was conducted with 43 Asian countries, while analysis of the impact of crude oil market structure on stock markets was performed with a sample of 19 countries. The results show that the stock market has a positive growth in countries with stronger export capacity while it is negatively affected in larger importing countries. In addition, the research results show that the stock market’s growth is greater in countries with a central position in the crude oil market. The study results will be useful for countries in reducing the undesirable impact of crude oil market on the stock market.
Safety and Efficacy of Peroral Endoscopic Shorter Myotomy versus Longer Myotomy for Patients with Achalasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Han , Zeng Xinyi , Huang Shu , Xia Huifang , Shi Lei , Jiang Jiao , Ren Wensen , Peng Yan , Lü Muhan , Tang Xiaowei
Published: March 2022

Background and Aims. The adequate myotomy length during peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is still controversial. We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the efficacy and safety of the modified POEM with shorter myotomy (SM) and compare the outcomes between SM and longer myotomy (LM) in achalasia patients. Methods. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases from inception to May 28, 2021. The primary outcome was clinical success rate and incidence of reflux-relative adverse events (AEs). Fixed- or random-effect models were adopted for the analysis according to the heterogeneity. Results. Five studies involving 225 patients in SM group and 222 patients in LM group were included. The overall clinical success of SM was 96.6% (95% confidence interval (CI) 92.7 to 98.4%). SM showed noninferior response as compared to LM (risk ratio (RR) 1.02, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.06,

P
=
0.41

,

I

2

=
0

%). Based on the abnormal acid reflux by pH monitoring, its incidence was significantly lower in the SM group than that in the LM group (RR 0.58, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.94,

P
=
0.03

,

I

2

=
0

%). With respect to procedure-related parameters, the total procedure time of SM was significantly shorter than that of LM (mean difference (MD) -16.30, 95% CI -23.10 to -9.49,

P
<
0.001

,

I

2

=
68

%). Conclusions. SM and LM are comparable in providing treatment efficacy for achalasia patients, whereas less operation time and lower incidence of post-POEM abnormal esophageal acid exposure are observed in SM.
Existence of

α

L

-Fuzzy Fixed Points of L-Fuzzy Mappings
Authors: Kanwal Shazia , Hanif Umair , Noorwali Maha Eshaq , Alam Md. Ashraful
Published: March 2022

In this research article, fixed point theory is beautifully combined with fuzzy set theory. Two fuzzy fixed point theorems of L-fuzzy mappings are established and proved for two different contractive type conditions in the scenario of complete b-metric space. In order to give the strength of these results, nontrivial supportive examples for both results are also provided. The notion of L-fuzzy mappings is a generalized form of fuzzy mappings as well as multivalued mappings. In this approach, our results provide uniqueness, extension, and successive generalizations of many valuable recent and conventional results existing in the literature.
Utilising Network Pharmacology to Explore Underlying Mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus in Improving Sepsis-Induced Inflammatory Response by Regulating the Balance of IκBα and NF-κB in Rats
Authors: Yu Haiyang , Ling Qihua , Cai Jingwen , Zhang Mengzhi , Liu Huaiquan , Chen Yunzhi
Published: March 2022

Objective. The purpose of the present study was to explore the mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus in the treatment of sepsis. Methods. We searched the active components and targets of Astragalus membranaceus using the TCMSP and BATMAN databases. Then, the GeneCards, MalaCards, and OMIM databases were used to screen out relevant targets of sepsis. The common targets of the former two gene sets were uploaded to the STRING database to create an interaction network. DAVID was used to perform KEGG enrichment analysis of the core targets. Based on the results of KEGG and previous studies, key pathways for the development of sepsis were identified and experimentally validated. Result. We obtained 3,370 sepsis-related targets in databases and 59 active components in Astragalus membranaceus through data mining, corresponding to 1,130 targets. The intersection of the two types of targets led to a total of 318 common targets and 84 core targets were obtained after screening again. The KEGG and previous studies showed that these 84 core targets were involved in sepsis by regulating TNF, MAPK, and PI3K pathways. TNF, MAPK8, NF-κB, and IκBα are crucial in sepsis. Experimental validation demonstrated that some markers in sepsis model rats were improved after the intervention with Astragalus granules and their chemical components. Among them, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in rat serum were reduced. The mRNA and protein expression of TNF-α, IL-6, MMP9, MAPK8, and NF-κB were reduced in rat blood. However, the mRNA and protein expression of IκBα and PI3K were increased in rat blood. Conclusion. The AST could affect the TNF, PI3K, and MAPK pathway cascade responses centred on IκBα and NF-κB, attenuate the expression of IL-6 and MMP9, and interfere with the inflammatory response during sepsis.
A SOM-Based Customer Stratification Model
Authors: Zong Yi , Pan Enze
Published: March 2022

This paper used the SOM in combination of the optimized RFM for customer stratification, to develop targeted marketing strategies for enterprises. In this paper, customers were grouped into four categories, including core customers, opportunistic customers, service drain customers, and marginal customers, using the customer consumption data of a retail enterprise by SOM, a clustering algorithm based on neural networks, in combination with the optimized RFM from the perspective of machine learning. The value of customers in different categories was determined based on their typical features for a visualized analysis, to develop targeted marketing strategies for enterprises.
Artificial Intelligence and Metaheuristic-Based Location-Based Advertising
Authors: Rohilla Vinita , Chakraborty Sudeshna , Kaur Mandeep
Published: March 2022

Location-based services (LBS) are necessary for obtaining the important details since the user needs vary based on the location. Location-based advertising (LBA) are utilized for abandoning the user location and to offer assistance by using the obtained information. Therefore, an efficient machine learning and metaheuristic-based model referred as GANM is designed for LBS. Initially, the potential location information is evaluated utilizing the geographic information system (GIS). Thereafter, significant features are computed using the location data. Obtained features are then segmented to improve the process of LBS. Adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is then utilized to efficiently classify the user data. Finally, the optimization of classified documents is achieved using the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-III (NSGA-III). Extensive experiments are performed to validate GANM for LBS. Comparative analyses reveal that GANM outperforms the competitive LBS models in terms of F-score, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under curve by 2.2734%, 2.3981%, 2.3947%, 2.4271%, and 2.1638%, respectively.
College Sports Decision-Making Algorithm Based on Machine Few-Shot Learning and Health Information Mining Technology
Authors: Zhang Rui
Published: April 2022

Few-Shot Learning has had a significant influence on how people live, work, and learn. Physical education is a requirement for a college diploma. Sports management systems, which focus on data collection, organization, and analysis, as well as timeliness and guidance, are one of the current challenges in the field of physical education at the country’s top colleges and universities. The amount of sex in the room is minimal. Time is money when it comes to making college sports decisions, and this paper uses data from physical fitness tests to illustrate this point. Use Few-Shot Learning technology to extract relevant data from the data, allowing teachers to provide more scientific and effective guidance and suggestions to students. The design and implementation of this paper collect data from physical fitness tests in real-time using mobile edge computing, analyze the data, and display the results using machine learning technology, which mines deep features and displays analysis results, can be used to evaluate students’ physical fitness. The data and information in the physical fitness analysis system are more readable and time-saving, allowing students to better understand their true level of physical fitness. Because of the results of data mining, teachers can provide more specific guidance and recommendations for each student’s physical characteristics.
A Novel Gene Signature Based on CDC20 and FCN3 for Prediction of Prognosis and Immune Features in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Lai Xing , Wu Ya-kun , Hong Guo-qing , Li Jun-ke , Luo Qing , Yuan Jin , Dai Guo-hua , Liu Shuang-quan , Feng Hua-guo
Published: March 2022

Long-term survivals of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unfavorable, which is largely attributed to active carcinogenesis. Growing studies have suggested that the reliable gene signature could act as an independent prognosis factor for HCC patients. We tried to screen the survival-related genes and develop a prognostic prediction model for HCC patients based on the expression profiles of the critical survival-related genes. In this study, we analyzed TCGA datasets and identified 280 genes with differential expressions (125 increased genes and 155 reduced genes). We analyzed the prognosis value of the top 10 dysregulated genes in HCC patients and identified three critical genes, including FCN3, CDC20, and E2F1, which were confirmed to be associated with long-term survival in both TCGA and ICGC datasets. The results of the LASSO model screened CDC20 and FCN3 for the development of the prognostic model. The CDC20 expression was distinctly increased in HCC specimens, while the FCN3 expression was distinctly decreased in HCC. At a suitable cutoff, patients were divided into low-risk and high-risk groups. Survival assays revealed that patients in high-risk groups exhibited a shorter overall survival than those in low-risk groups. Finally, we examine the relationships between risk score and immune infiltration abundance in HCC and observed that risk score was positively correlated with infiltration degree of B cells, T cell CD4+ cells, neutrophil, macrophage, and myeloid dendritic cells. Overall, we identified three critical survival-related genes and used CDC20 and FCN3 to develop a novel model for predicting outcomes and immune landscapes for patients with HCC. The above three genes also have a high potential for targeted cancer therapy of patients with HCC.
Effective Task Scheduling in Critical Fog Applications
Authors: Khan Aimal , Abbas Assad , Khattak Hasan Ali , Rehman Faisal , Din Ikram Ud , Ali Sikandar
Published: March 2022

Information and technology have witnessed significant improvement with the introduction of Internet of things (IoT) applications, and most of the IoT applications are dependent on the cloud. Cloud computing is assisting IoT applications by providing storage, analysis, and processing services on the cloud. However, Fog computing is the new paradigm that supports the cloud by providing scheduling, resources optimization, and energy optimization services. Scheduling tasks based on MIPs size and prioritizing the tasks with smaller MIPs size first make critical tasks with larger MIPs wait, which ultimately increases the delay and may result in some serious problems. This paper proposes a methodology for critical tasks having large MIPs size by scheduling and prioritizing the tasks based on the nature of the task. The proposed methodology for latency-critical applications reduces latency, energy consumption, and network utilization. This paper proposed a scheduler “Critical task First Scheduler” (CTFS), which schedules tasks depending on the nature of the requests, which are classified as either critical or noncritical. The proposed methodology is implemented in a healthcare scenario, and the simulations are performed in iFogSim simulator. Critical requests, such as emergency notifications, are prioritized and designated as critical, requiring immediate processing. The environment was kept the same for all the approaches that are implemented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The results of the proposed approach were compared with First Come First Served (FCFS), Shortest Job First (SJF), and cloud-only approaches to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in terms of latency, energy consumption, and network utilization. Simulation results show that the proposed CTFS approach outperformed the compared techniques for all three comparison parameters.
Dynamic Analysis of Deep Water Highway Tunnel under Ocean Current
Authors: Fang Li , Li Hong , Li Bin
Published: March 2022

Comprehensively comparing the merits and demerits of the existing means of transportation across the water, a new underwater transportation structure for crossing the wide water area, named as “deep water highway tunnel” (hereinafter called “DWHT”), is proposed. The characteristics of flow field around the typical section of DWHT at different flow velocities are investigated, which can provide reference for the values of hydrodynamic coefficient at high Reynolds number. The vibration modes and natural by the sound-solid coupling method. In addition, considering the factors of fluid-structure coupling, the dynamic response of displacement and internal force is analyzed based on CFD for the weak parts of the structure. The results show that the deepening of water and the increase of flow will significantly increase the flow field pressure and structure stress, and when the span (or width-span ratio) of the tunnel body extends beyond a certain range, the dynamic characteristics and dynamic response rules of the structure will change.
Military Information Leak Response Technology through OSINT Information Analysis Using SNSes
Authors: Lee Yong-Joon , Park Se-Joon , Park Won-Hyung
Published: March 2022

Open-source intelligence (OSINT), an information gathering and analysis system that utilizes public information on SNSes, is a necessary information gathering activity to counter terrorism and cyberterrorism. Although it is not possible to patrol cyberspace directly, as in real space, cyberspace can be patrolled by collecting information using OSINT technology. In this study, OSINT information analysis activities related to military information leakage are presented to SNSes. In this study, two or more OSINT collection tools are used to search for military information keywords, for characters’ names, and for personal identification information about the characters. The results of 100,209 cases of military information keyword search and 471 cases of name search are presented. It was also confirmed that personal identification information was not searched because of the strengthening of personal information protection.
Aberrant RNA Splicing Is a Primary Link between Genetic Variation and Pancreatic Cancer Risk
Authors: Tian Jianbo , Chen Can , Rao Meilin , Zhang Ming , Lu Zequn , Cai Yimin , Ying Pingting , Li Bin , Wang Haoxue , Wang Lu , Li Yao , Huang Jinyu , Fan Linyun , Cai Xiaomin , Ning Caibo , Li Yanmin , Zhang Fuwei , Wang Wenzhuo , Jiang Yuan , Liu Yizhuo , Wang Min , Li Heng , Huang Chaoqun , Yang Zhiyong , Chang Jiang , Zhu Ying , Yang Xiaojun , Miao Xiaoping
Published: April 2022

Understanding the genetic variation underlying transcript splicing is essential for fully dissecting the molecular mechanisms of common diseases. The available evidence from splicing quantitative trait locus (sQTL) studies using pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tissues have been limited to small sample sizes. Here we present a genome-wide sQTL analysis to identify SNP that control mRNA splicing in 176 PDAC samples from TCGA. From this analysis, 16,175 sQTLs were found to be significantly enriched in RNA-binding protein (RBP) binding sites and chromatin regulatory elements and overlapped with known loci from PDAC genome-wide association studies (GWAS). sQTLs and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) showed mostly nonoverlapping patterns, suggesting sQTLs provide additional insights into the etiology of disease. Target genes affected by sQTLs were closely related to cancer signaling pathways, high mutational burden, immune infiltration, and pharmaceutical targets, which will be helpful for clinical applications. Integration of a large-scale population consisting of 2,782 patients with PDAC and 7,983 healthy controls identified an sQTL variant rs1785932-T allele that promotes alternative splicing of ELP2 exon 6 and leads to a lower level of the ELP2 full-length isoform (ELP2_V1) and a higher level of a truncated ELP2 isoform (ELP2_V2), resulting in decreased risk of PDAC [OR = 0.83; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.77–0.89; P = 1.16 × 10−6]. The ELP2_V2 isoform functioned as a potential tumor suppressor gene, inhibiting PDAC cell proliferation by exhibiting stronger binding affinity to JAK1/STAT3 than ELP2_V1 and subsequently blocking the pathologic activation of the phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3) pathway. Collectively, these findings provide an informative sQTL resource and insights into the regulatory mechanisms linking splicing variants to PDAC risk.

Significance:

In pancreatic cancer, splicing quantitative trait loci analysis identifies a rs1785932 variant that contributes to decreased risk of disease by influencing ELP2 mRNA splicing and blocking the STAT3 oncogenic pathway.
Novel Anti-LY6G6D/CD3 T-Cell–Dependent Bispecific Antibody for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wang Peiyin , Sun Liping L. , Clark Robyn , Hristopoulos Maria , Chiu Cecilia P.C. , Dillon Michael , Lin WeiYu , Lo Amy A. , Chalsani Sreedevi , Das Thakur Meghna , Zimmerman Savill Kristin M. , Rougé Lionel , Lupardus Patrick , Piskol Robert , Husain Bushra , Ellerman Diego , Shivva Vittal , Leong Steven R. , Ovacik Meric , Totpal Klara , Wu Yan , Spiess Christoph , Lee Genee , Leipold Douglas D. , Polson Andrew G.
Published: April 2022

New therapeutics and combination regimens have led to marked clinical improvements for the treatment of a subset of colorectal cancer. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown clinical efficacy in patients with mismatch-repair–deficient or microsatellite instability–high (MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, patients with microsatellite-stable (MSS) or low levels of microsatellite instable (MSI-L) colorectal cancer have not benefited from these immune modulators, and the survival outcome remains poor for the majority of patients diagnosed with mCRC. In this article, we describe the discovery of a novel T-cell–dependent bispecific antibody (TDB) targeting tumor-associated antigen LY6G6D, LY6G6D-TDB, for the treatment of colorectal cancer. RNAseq analysis showed that LY6G6D was differentially expressed in colorectal cancer with high prevalence in MSS and MSI-L subsets, whereas LY6G6D expression in normal tissues was limited. IHC confirmed the elevated expression of LY6G6D in primary and metastatic colorectal tumors, whereas minimal or no expression was observed in most normal tissue samples. The optimized LY6G6D-TDB, which targets a membrane-proximal epitope of LY6G6D and binds to CD3 with high affinity, exhibits potent antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro functional assays show that LY6G6D-TDB–mediated T-cell activation and cytotoxicity are conditional and target dependent. In mouse xenograft tumor models, LY6G6D-TDB demonstrates antitumor efficacy as a single agent against established colorectal tumors, and enhanced efficacy can be achieved when LY6G6D-TDB is combined with PD-1 blockade. Our studies provide evidence for the therapeutic potential of LY6G6D-TDB as an effective treatment option for patients with colorectal cancer.
Clinical Features of Okur-Chung Neurodevelopmental Syndrome: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Jafari Khamirani Hossein , Zoghi Sina , Motealleh Ali , Dianatpour Mehdi , Tabei Seyed Mohammad Bagher , Mohammadi Sanaz , Dastgheib Seyed Alireza
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Autosomal dominant pathogenic variations in the CSNK2A1 gene cause Okur-Chung neurodevelopmental syndrome (OCNDS). Methods: The proband and her parents were examined thoroughly and observed for any issues related to OCNDS. Furthermore, peripheral blood samples were collected from each subject for further investigations. Whole-exome sequencing identified a pathogenic variant in CSNK2A1 (NM_001895: c.62G>A, p.R21Q; rs1402734448). Results: The proband has global developmental delay, speech disorders, epilepsy, and behavioral issues. Despite the previously reported cases, she manifested both atonic and myoclonic seizures simultaneously. Lastly, we provide a review of the reported cases with OCNDS. Discussion: p.R21Q causes OCNDS. Further studies are highly recommended concerning this mutation to validate the results of this study and expand the knowledge regarding CSNK2A1 and the phenotypic spectrum of OCNDS.
Prevalence of Childhood Obesity in the United States in 1999–2018: A 20-Year Analysis
Authors: Tsoi Man-Fung , Li Hang-Long , Feng Qi , Cheung Ching-Lung , Cheung Tommy T. , Cheung Bernard M.Y.
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Obesity is a public health crisis in the USA. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of obesity and severe obesity in US children and adolescents and identify novel targetable risk factors associated with childhood obesity. Methods: From the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2018, 35,907 children aged 2–19 with body mass index (BMI) data were included. Obesity and severe obesity were defined as BMI ≥95th percentile and ≥120% of 95th percentile of US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts, respectively. Trends in the prevalence of obesity and subgroup analyses according to socioeconomic factors and language used in the interview were analyzed. Results: The prevalence of obesity and severe obesity increased from 14.7 [95% confidence interval: 12.9–17.0]% to 19.2 [17.2–21.0]% and 3.9 [2.9–5.0]% to 6.1 [4.8–8.0]% in 1999–2018, respectively (p = 0.001 and p = 0.014, respectively). In 2017–2018, the prevalence of obesity among children from Spanish-speaking households was 24.4 [22.4–27.0]%, higher than children from English-speaking households (p = 0.027). Conclusion: The prevalence of childhood obesity kept increasing in 1999–2018. The problem is worse in children from Spanish-speaking households. Novel and targeted public health intervention strategies are urgently warranted to effectively halt the rising epidemic of childhood obesity.
NADPH Oxidase 1 Mediates Acute Blood Pressure Response to Angiotensin II by Contributing to Calcium Influx in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Park Jung-Min , Do Van Quan , Seo Yoon-Seok , Kim Hyun Jong , Nam Joo Hyun , Yin Ming Zhe , Kim Hae Jin , Kim Sung Joon , Griendling Kathy K. , Lee Moo-Yeol
Published: March 2022

Background:

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium ions (Ca
2+
) are among the major effectors of Ang II (angiotensin II) in vascular smooth muscle cells. ROS are related to Ca
2+
signaling or contraction induced by Ang II, but little is known about their detailed functions. Here, NOX (NADPH oxidase), a major ROS source responsive to Ang II, was investigated regarding its contribution to Ca
2+
signaling.

Methods:

Vascular smooth muscle cells were primary cultured from rat aorta. Ca
2+
and ROS were monitored mainly using fura-2 and HyPer family probes‚ respectively. Signals activating NOX were examined with relevant pharmacological inhibitors and genetic manipulation techniques.

Results:

Ang II–induced ROS generation was found to be biphasic: the first phase of ROS production, which was mainly mediated by NOX1, was small and transient, preceding a rise in Ca
2+
, and the second phase of ROS generation, mediated by NOX1 and NOX4, was slow but sizeable, continuing over tens of minutes. NOX1-derived superoxide in the first phase is required for Ca
2+
influx through nonselective cation channels. AT1R (Ang II type 1 receptor)-G
βγ
-PI3K
γ
(phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ) signaling pathway was responsible for the rapid activation of NOX1 in the first phase, while in the second phase, NOX1 was further activated by a separate AT1R-Gα
q/11
-PLC (phospholipase C)-PKC
β
(protein kinase C β) signaling axis. Consistent with these observations, aortas from NOX1-knockout mice exhibited reduced contractility in response to Ang II, and thus the acute pressor response to Ang II was also attenuated in NOX1-knockout mice.

Conclusions:

NOX1 mediates Ca
2+
signal generation and thereby contributes to vascular contraction and blood pressure elevation by Ang II.
Cerebrovascular Ischemic Events in Patients With Takayasu Arteritis
Authors: Mirouse Adrien , Deltour Sandrine , Leclercq Delphine , Squara Pierre-Alexandre , Pouchelon Clara , Comarmond Cloé , Kahn Jean-Emmanuel , Benhamou Ygal , Mirault Tristan , Mekinian Arsène , Lambert Marc , Chiche Laurent , Koskas Fabien , Cluzel Philippe , Redheuil Alban , Cacoub Patrice , Biard Lucie , Saadoun David ,   for the French Takayasu Network
Published: March 2022

Background:

Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a large vessel vasculitis that may complicate with cerebrovascular ischemic events. The objective was to describe clinical and vascular features of TA patients with cerebrovascular ischemic events and to identify risk factors for these events.

Methods:

We analyzed the prevalence and type of stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA), factors associated with cerebrovascular ischemic events, and stroke-free survival in a large cohort fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology or Ishikawa criteria of TA.

Results:

Among 320 patients with TA (median age at diagnosis, 36 [25–47] years; 261 [86%] women), 63 (20%) had a stroke (n=41; 65%) or TIA (n=22; 35%). Ischemic event localized in the carotid territory for 55 (87%) patients and the vertebral artery territory in 8 (13%) patients. Multiple stenosis were observed in 33 (52%) patients with a median number of stenosis of 2 (minimum, 0 to maximum, 11), and aneurysms were observed in 10 (16%) patients. A history of stroke or TIA before TA diagnosis (hazard ratio [HR], 4.50 [2.45–8.17];
P
<0.0001), smoking (HR, 1.75 [1.01–3.02];
P
=0.05), myocardial infarction history (HR, 0.21 [0.05–0.89];
P
=0.039), thoracic aorta involvement (HR, 2.05 [1.30–3.75];
P
=0.023), time from first symptoms to diagnosis >1 year (HR, 2.22 [1.30–3.80];
P
=0.005), and aspirin treatment (HR, 1.82 [1.04–3.19];
P
=0.035) were associated with cerebrovascular ischemic event. In multivariate analysis, time from first symptoms to TA diagnosis >1 year (HR, 2.16 [1.27–3.70];
P
=0.007) was independently associated with cerebrovascular ischemic events in patients with TA. The HR for cerebrovascular ischemic event in patients who already experienced a stroke/TIA was 5.11 (2.91–8.99;
P
<0.0001), compared with those who had not.

Conclusions:

Carotid stroke/TIA is frequent in TA. We identified factors associated with cerebrovascular ischemic events.
Ruhsal Liderlik ve Hizmet İnovasyon Performansı: Bilgi Paylaşımının Aracılık Rolü
Authors: ÇARK Özgür
Published: March 2022

Özellikle hizmet sektöründe yürütülen çalışmalar, değer temelli bir yaklaşım olan ruhsal liderliğin örgüt üyeleri arasındaki bilgi paylaşımı ve hizmet yenilik faaliyetlerinin başarı düzeyini gösteren hizmet inovasyon performansı üzerinde olumlu etkisini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışmada ise alan yazında hizmet sektörü açısından tespit edilen bu sonuçların imalat sektörü açısından da geçerli olup olmadığının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla “Ruhsal Liderlik”, “Hizmet İnovasyon Performansı” ve “Bilgi Paylaşımı” ölçeklerinden oluşan soru formu yardımıyla hizmet inovasyon performansı üzerinde ruhsal liderliğin etkisi ve bu etki üzerinde bilgi paylaşımının aracılık rolünü test etmek amacıyla bir imalat işletmesi çalışanlarından tam sayım yöntemi ile veri toplanmış, veriler “Kısmi En Küçük Kareler Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli (KEKK-YEM)” ile analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, ruhsal liderliğin, hizmet inovasyon performansı üzerinde olumlu etkiye sahip olduğu, fakat bu etkide bilgi paylaşımının aracılık rolü üstlenmediği tespit edilmiştir.
Uzaktan Eğitim Sürecinde Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Toplumsal Cinsiyete Bağlı Zaman Kullanımları Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma (Sosyoloji Öğrencileri Örneği)
Authors: KANBİR Figen
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışmada öğrencilerin pandemi sürecinde eğitime katılımda yaşadıkları sorunların yanı sıra aile yapıları içerisinde üstlendikleri cinsiyet rolleri sorgulanmaya açılmıştır. Çalışma nitel araştırma tekniklerinden görüşme ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, uzaktan eğitim süreci boyunca aileler hem erkek hem de kadın öğrencilerden (ailede yaşça büyük olmaya bağlı olarak) geleneksel cinsiyet rollerini sahiplenmesini beklemiştir. Erkek öğrenciler aileye gelir getirecek bir işte çalışma; kadın öğrenciler ise çoğunlukla ailenin diğer fertleri, evin temizliği, yemeğin hazırlanması, misafir(ler)in ağırlanması ve geçim faaliyetlerinin sürdürülmesinden ileri gelen sorumluluklara sahiptir. Elde edilen bu sonuçlardan hem kadın ve hem erkek öğrencilerin uzaktan eğitimin yarattığı sorunlar konusunda dezavantajlı olduğu bulgulanmıştır.
Pandemi Döneminde Sağlık Sektöründe Çalışanların Mesleki Tükenmişlik Düzeylerinin Duygusal Zekâ Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: MERT Gözde , ÖZTEKİN Aysun
Published: March 2022

Sağlık sektörü teknolojik gelişmelerden etkilenen ve emek yoğun bir sektör olma özelliği taşımaktadır. Sağlık sektörü, diğer sektörlere göre zaman baskısının daha yoğun olduğu ve iş görenlerin düşük hata toleransları içinde çalışmak zorunda kaldığı bir alandır. Özellikle pandemi döneminde sağlık çalışanlarının iş yükünün ağırlaşması, hastalığa yakalanma ve aile bireylerine bulaştırma kaynağı olmaları gibi birçok risk altında çalışmak durumunda kalmaları mesleki tükenmişlik düzeylerinde olumsuzluk yaratmış ve çalışanların kendi duygu ve düşüncelerini yönetmelerinde zorluklar yaşanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı pandemi döneminde sağlık çalışanlarının mesleki tükenmişlik ve duygusal zekâ düzeyini belirlemek ve aralarındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Bu amaçla değişkenler arasındaki neden-sonuç ilişkisinin tespiti için korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri uygulanmıştır. Buna göre sağlık çalışanlarında mesleki tükenmişlik ile duygusal zekâ arasında anlamlı ve negatif yönlü bir ilişkinin olduğu saptanmıştır.
Okul Yöneticilerinin Sosyal Hizmet Liderliği Algılarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: DÜZGÜN Aysegül
Published: March 2022

Zamanın ilerlemesi ile birlikte örgütlerde meydana gelen değişim, gelişim ve yenilik kavramları farklı liderlik yaklaşımlarını ortaya çıkarmıştır. İlerleyen zamanla birlikte her örgüt tipi kendisi için en uygun ve örgütün hedeflerine ulaşmalarına yardımcı olacak liderlik yaklaşımını da beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yeni bir yaklaşım olan sosyal hizmet liderliği kavramını bir sosyal hizmet kurumu olan okul üst düzey yöneticilerinin bakış açısıyla incelemektir. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden görüşme tekniği ile veriler elde edilmiş olup toplam 8 kişi ile yapılan görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler betimsel analize ve içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Çalışmanın sonucunda sosyal hizmet liderlerinin hizmet ettiği kişilerin ihtiyaçlarına öncelik tanıyan, hizmet odaklı, sunduğu hizmetin niteliğini yüksek tutan, yardımsever, merhametli, empati kurabilen, grubunu motive eden, güçlü iletişim ve kriz yönetme becerisine sahip vb. birtakım özelliklere sahip olması gerektiği ortaya çıkmıştır.
Türk Siyasal Kültüründe Bütün Mesele: Bizzat Devlet Olmak ya da Olmamak
Authors: KANADIKIRIK Halil
Published: March 2022

Türk siyasal kültürü çalışmaları genellikle otoriter bir siyasal merkez ile onun karşısındaki zayıf bir çevre arasındaki gerilim üzerinde durmaktadır. Bu yaklaşım bir yere kadar doğru olsa bile ikinci grubun söz konusu merkeze karşı tavrını değerlendirmede eksik kalmaktadır. Bu çalışmada hem siyasal merkez hem de çevre unsurlarının paylaştıkları ortak bir siyasal kültür alanının tanımlanması amaçlanmıştır. Bunun için de ilk önce Türkiye’de merkezin siyasal modernleşme süreci, ardından çevrenin söz konusu değişime kendini nasıl uyarladığı incelenmiştir. Modernleşme süreci boyunca Türkiye’de merkezî siyasal seçkinlerin tepeden inmeci, otoriter politikalara olan eğilimlerine karşın bu merkezin dışında kalanların sivil bir alan oluşturmaya pek de eğilimli olmadıkları gözlemlenmiştir. Tüm radikal dönüşümlere rağmen devlete yönelik toplumsal algı, aynı devletin, aynı araçlarla işleyişinin bir parçası olma çabası ile ifadesini bulmaktadır.
Araçsallık İklimi Ölçeği’nin Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi ile Türkçe’ye Uyarlanması
Authors: ÖZKAN Osman Seray , ÜZÜM Burcu
Published: March 2022

Araçsallık iklimi ölçeğinin kullanıldığı çeşitli araştırmalar mevcuttur. Ancak bu araştırmalarda kullanılan ölçek madde sayılarının ve maddeleri temsil eden ifadelerin farklı olduğu, ayrıca ölçeğin örtük yapısının doğrulanmadığı görülmüştür. Bu nedenle ilgili fenomeni daha doğru bir şekilde ölçme ihtiyacı ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu doğrultuda araştırmanın amacı, Araçsallık İklimi Ölçeği’ni (Victor ve Cullen, 1988) geçerlik ve güvenirliğini sağlayarak Türkçe’ye uyarlamaktır. Bu kapsamda araştırmaya Kocaeli merkezli 203 çalışan katılmış olup, yapılan faktör analizi sonucunda yedi madde ve tek faktörden oluşan, toplam varyansın %82.5’ini açıklayan bir ölçme aracı uyarlanmıştır. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda, altı madde ve tek faktörü gösteren modelin iyi uyum indeks değerlerine sahip olduğu ortaya konulmuştur (x²/df=1.80; RMSEA=.06; GFI=.97; CFI=.99; SRMR=.01). Ayrıca, ölçeğin birleşme ve ayrışma geçerliğini de sağladığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, ölçeğin Türkçe’ye uyarlanmış yapısının güvenilir ve geçerli bir ölçme aracı olduğu ifade edilebilir.
Kripto Paralar ile BIST100 Endeksi Arasındaki Nedensellik İlişkisi: Bitcoin Örneği
Authors: BARAN TUNÇEL Mert , ALPTÜRK Yaşar , ALTUNAY Mehmet Akif , BEKCİ İsmail
Published: March 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Bitcoin fiyatları ile BIST100 endeksi arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisini tespit etmeye çalışmaktır. Araştırmada19 Temmuz 2010 ile 10 Ocak 2020 arasındaki dönemleri kapsayan Bitcoin fiyatları ve BIST100 endeksi günlük verileri(2452 Gözlem) kullanılmıştır. Serilerin durağanlığını test etmek için yapısal kırılmaları göz ardı etmeyen Lee Strazicich birim kök testi kullanılmıştır. Daha sonra Toda-Yamamoto testi ile değişkenler arasında nedensellik olup olmadığı, nedensellik varsa nedenselliğin yönünün ne olduğu tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Toda-Yamamoto(1995) nedensellik testi sonuçlarına göre, BIST100 endeksi değişkeninden Bitcoin fiyatları değişkenine doğru ve Bitcoin fiyatları değişkeninden BIST100 endeksi değişkenine doğru %5 anlamlılık seviyesinde nedensellik ilişkisine rastlanılmamıştır.
A Qualitative Research on the Challenges Faced by Healthcare Professionals During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: KOCABAŞ Dilek , ŞENYURT Ahmet Yasin
Published: March 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic is a deadly, never-before-seen epidemic that is spreading rapidly around the world. This epidemic affected the whole society, especially health workers, both physiologically and psychologically. In this context, our study aimed to examine the difficulties faced by our healthcare professionals working under difficult conditions during the Covid-19 pandemic. For this purpose, a semi-structured questionnaire was created and qualitative interviews were conducted with 8 health personnel. As a result of the study, it was determined that the factor that the participants experienced the most difficulty during the Covid-19 period was related to the changes in working conditions. It was revealed that these factors were followed by the psychological problems experienced by the participants in this period and the excessive workload.
A Study in Early Māturīdite Theology: Abū l-Yusr al-Bazdawī (d. 493/1100) and His Discourse on God’s Speech
Authors: Polinsky Sheridan
Published: April 2022

Abū l-Yusr al-Bazdawī (d. 493/1100) was a notable early Māturīdite theologian who made an important contribution to the formation of his school by embracing kalām and promoting the image of al-Māturīdī (d. 333/944) as a Sunnite leader when the science was not yet popular in his region of Transoxania. This produced some tension in his thought as he negotiated rationalist and traditionalist doctrines and their adherents. Indications of this are found in his discussion of God’s speech in which he argues for the Sunnite doctrine of eternal divine speech while effectively affirming the createdness of scriptures; at the same time, he defends those who assert the uncreatedness of the Quran and maintains that God’s speech is truly written, memorized, recited, and heard.
Introduction
Authors: De Vito Christian G. , Müller Viola Franziska
Published: April 2022

This special issue explores how enslaved workers of African descent were punished in the Americas. It studies punishment inside and beyond the criminal justice system, investigating its legitimation and implementation in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Collectively, the articles address three main themes: the relationship between the enslaved, the slaveholders, and the state; the shifts in modalities of governance across space and time; and the entanglement of modes of punishment across geographies. This perspective illustrates the broader implications of punishment for issues of labor supply and labor control, and helps us understand how slavery was produced and reproduced in different, yet connected, regions of the Americas.
Slave Exports and the Politics of Slave Punishment during Colombia’s Abolition Process (1820s–1840s)
Authors: Echeverri Marcela
Published: April 2022

This article focuses on the contentious process that characterized the slow, gradual abolition of slavery in Colombia and New Granada between 1821 and 1852. I investigate how in this period slaveowners in the southwest advocated for their right to export their slaves as a form of punishment. In the foundation of the antislavery Colombian Republic, the 1821 manumission law had prohibited Colombians from participating in slave trading. Yet the slave-owning elite justified their appeal for exporting their enslaved property by claiming that selling the slaves outside of Colombian territory (New Granadan after Colombia was dissolved in 1830) was a strategy to get rid of the Afro-descendant populations, whom they considered to be dangerous to the social order. I also study how the position of the enslaved in the southwestern region was politicized both by the military dynamics and legal changes underway after independence. Justifying slave exports as a punishment of the “unruly slaves” was not only a strategy of the slaveowners to regain their capital. It was, mainly, a form of empowerment in response to the challenges they faced as a class in the context of gradual abolition, including the state’s courting of slaves through antislavery legislation.
New records of the genus Nola Leach, 1815 (Lepidoptera, Nolidae, Nolinae) from China, with description of a new species
Authors: CHEN ZHE-JING , ZHANG BEI-BEI , HU YAN-QING
Published: March 2022

The new species, Nola nayongensis sp. nov., is described from Guizhou, China. Nola canioralis (Walker, 1863) is reported from China for the first time. Nola quadriguttula Inoue, 2000 and Nola thyrophora (Hampson, 1914) are reported from mainland China for the first time. The distributions of three known species from China (Nola pseudendotherma László, Ronkay & Ronkay, 2014, Nola duplicilinea (Hampson, 1900) and Nola astigma Hampson, 1894) are updated. Adults and the male genitalia are illustrated.
Analytical Approach on the Water-Based Nanofluid for the Influence of Dissipative Heat Energy
Authors: Mathur Priya , Misra J. C.
Published: March 2022

The current study reveals the influence of both dissipative heat in water-based conducting nanoliquid through an impassioned semi-infinite vertical plate past embedding with a permeable medium. The effect of particle concentration in conjunction with transverse magnetic field and heat
source/sink is presented by introducing the flow and heat transfer phenomena. However, various heat transfer assets of the considered nanofluid are exaggerated by assuming the slip condition. The reason is that, for the diminution in the heat transfer, the role of temperature slip is vital.
For the transformation of governing PDEs into nonlinear coupled ODEs, it is necessary to assume suitable self-similar transformations. Moreover, a semi-analytical technique such as Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM) is employed to solve these transformed equations. The novelty of the study
is to get a comparison of the result with the results obtained using the MATLAB in-build code bvp5c. The numerical results for the comparison between both the methods have been presented in tabular form and the control of various parameters for the flow phenomena is demonstrated via graphs.
Natural Bioconvective Flow Through a Vertical Cylinder in Porous Media Drenched with a Nanofluid
Authors: Rashad A. M. , Mansour M. A.
Published: March 2022

A mathematical model is concerned with the natural bioconvective flow over a radiative vertical cylinder embedded in a Darcy porous medium drenched with a nanofluid containing both nanoparticles and gyrotactic microorganisms. The model utilized for the nanofluid consolidates the impacts
of Brownian motion and thermophoresis in the presence of passively controlled boundary conditions and the Rosseland approximation is applied to characterize the radiative heat flux in the energy equation. Appropriate transformations are used to reframe the PDEs of the modeled system into a
nonsimilar form. The obtained data are authenticated with an outstanding agreement. In this regard, the engineering quantities of interest are calculated widely with a greater grade of accuracy and therefore abstracted tabularly. To explain the influence of the emerging important flow-field
parameters on the curves of velocity, temperature, and microorganisms concentration, as well as the local Nusselt and motile microorganism numbers. Several elucidations are carried out successfully along with detailed illustrations. The presented theoretical investigation has a considerable
role in engineering where nanofluids flow is applied to organize a bioconvection process for the development of power generation and mechanical energy. One of the more important features of bioconvection is the aggregation of nanoparticles with motile microorganisms requested to augment the
stability, heat and mass transmission.
Environmental Controls on Simulated Deep Moist Convection Initiation Occurring during RELAMPAGO-CACTI
Authors: Nelson T. Connor , Marquis James , Peters John M. , Friedrich Katja
Published: March 2022

This study synthesizes the results of 13 high-resolution simulations of deep convective updrafts forming over idealized terrain using environments observed during the RELAMPAGO and CACTI field projects. Using composite soundings from multiple observed cases, and variations upon them, we explore the sensitivity of updraft properties (e.g., size, buoyancy, and vertical pressure gradient forces) to influences of environmental relative humidity, wind shear, and mesoscale orographic forcing that support or suppress deep convection initiation (CI). Emphasis is placed on differentiating physical processes affecting the development of updrafts (e.g., entrainment-driven dilution of updrafts) in environments typifying observed successful and null (i.e., no CI despite affirmative operational forecasts) CI events. Thermally induced mesoscale orographic lift favors the production of deep updrafts originating from ∼1- to 2-km-wide boundary layer thermals. Simulations without terrain forcing required much larger (∼5-km-wide) thermals to yield precipitating convection. CI outcome was quite sensitive to environmental relative humidity; updrafts with increased buoyancy, depth, and intensity thrived in otherwise inhospitable environments by simply increasing the free-tropospheric relative humidity. This implicates the entrainment of free-tropospheric air into updrafts as a prominent governor of CI, consistent with previous studies. Sensitivity of CI to the environmental wind is manifested by 1) low-level flow affecting the strength and depth of mesoscale convergence along the terrain, and 2) clouds encountering updraft-suppressing pressure gradient forces while interacting with vertical wind shear in the free troposphere. Among the ensemble of thermals occurring in each simulation, the widest deep updrafts in each simulation were the most sensitive to environmental influences.