bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of a computer-aided system in improving the detection rate of gastric neoplasm and early gastric cancer: study protocol for a multi-centre, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Dong Zehua , Zhu Yijie , Du Hongliu , Wang Junxiao , Zeng Xiaoquan , Tao Xiao , Yang Ting , Wang Jiamin , Deng Mei , Liu Jun , Wu Lianlian , Yu Honggang
Published: May 2023

Background

This protocol is for a multi-centre randomised controlled trial to determine whether the computer-aided system ENDOANGEL-GC improves the detection rates of gastric neoplasms and early gastric cancer (EGC) in routine oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD).

Methods

Study design: Prospective, single-blind, parallel-group, multi-centre randomised controlled trial.

Settings: The computer-aided system ENDOANGEL-GC was used to monitor blind spots, detect gastric abnormalities, and identify gastric neoplasms during EGD.

Participants: Adults who underwent screening, diagnosis, or surveillance EGD.

Randomisation groups:

1. Experiment group, EGD examinations with the assistance of the ENDOANGEL-GC;

2. Control group, EGD examinations without the assistance of the ENDOANGEL-GC.

Randomisation: Block randomisation, stratified by centre.

Primary outcomes: Detection rates of gastric neoplasms and EGC.

Secondary outcomes: Detection rate of premalignant gastric lesions, biopsy rate, observation time, and number of blind spots on EGD.

Blinding: Outcomes are undertaken by blinded assessors.

Sample size: Based on the previously published findings and our pilot study, the detection rate of gastric neoplasms in the control group is estimated to be 2.5%, and that of the experimental group is expected to be 4.0%. With a two-sided α level of 0.05 and power of 80%, allowing for a 10% drop-out rate, the sample size is calculated as 4858. The detection rate of EGC in the control group is estimated to be 20%, and that of the experiment group is expected to be 35%. With a two-sided α level of 0.05 and power of 80%, a total of 270 cases of gastric cancer are needed. Assuming the proportion of gastric cancer to be 1% in patients undergoing EGD and allowing for a 10% dropout rate, the sample size is calculated as 30,000. Considering the larger sample size calculated from the two primary endpoints, the required sample size is determined to be 30,000.

Discussion

The results of this trial will help determine the effectiveness of the ENDOANGEL-GC in clinical settings.

Trial registration

ChiCTR (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry), ChiCTR2100054449, registered 17 December 2021.
Template-assisted synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymers for the removal of methyl red from aqueous media
Authors: Shafqat Syed Rizwan , Bhawani Showkat Ahmad , Bakhtiar Salma , Ibrahim Mohamad Nasir Mohamad , Shafqat Syed Salman
Published: May 2023

This study entails the synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with good selectivity coefficients for azo dye as a potential sorbent material to extract azo dye from polluted aqueous media. A series of MIPs for methyl red (MR) as a template, were synthesized by changing the molar ratio of functional monomers, via precipitation polymerization format of non-covalent approach. Water-soluble functional monomer; acrylic acid (AA) was used to weave the frame work of polymers while ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) was utilized as crosslinking monomer. The impact of different experimental parameters, such as mole ratio of monomer (functional) to crosslinking monomer on the molecular recognition was investigated. The highly efficient and selective MR-MIP was used for the removal of spiked MR dye from different water samples. The selected imprinted polymer, MR1-MIP was able to selectively remove the MR molecules from aqueous media. A significant amount of dye was removed by MR1-MIP from the river water samples with a high degree of removal efficiency i.e. 92.25%. The imprinting factor of 3.75 for MR1-MIP indicated that the high selectivity in terms of adsorption for MR. A minimum loss of only ~ 3.35% in the removal efficiency within ten sequential cycles of adsorption–desorption study evidenced that MR-MIPs could be used as the most cost effective and best sorbent for the removal of MR from polluted water. Furthermore, the structural properties of MR-MIPs were characterized by FTIR and EDX, whereas TGA, SEM and BET were used to describe the thermal, morphological and surface structures of the particles, respectively.

Graphical Abstract
Orbital b-metric spaces and related fixed point results on advanced Nashine–Wardowski–Feng–Liu type contractions with applications
Authors: Rasham Tahair , Shabbir Muhammad Sajjad , Nazam Muhammad , Musatafa Arjumand , Park Choonkil
Published: May 2023

In this article, we prove some novel fixed-point results for a pair of multivalued dominated mappings obeying a new generalized Nashine–Wardowski–Feng–Liu-type contraction for orbitally lower semi-continuous functions in a complete orbital b-metric space. Furthermore, some new fixed-point theorems for dominated multivalued mappings are established in the scenario of ordered complete orbital b-metric spaces. Some examples are offered to demonstrate the validity of our new results’ premise. To demonstrate the applicability of our findings, applications for a system of nonlinear Volterra-type integral equations and fractional differential equations are shown. These results extend the theoretical results of Nashine et al. (Nonlinear Anal., Model. Control 26(3):522–533, 2021).
Task offloading optimization mechanism based on deep neural network in edge-cloud environment
Authors: Meng Lingkang , Wang Yingjie , Wang Haipeng , Tong Xiangrong , Sun Zice , Cai Zhipeng
Published: May 2023

With the rise of edge computing technology and the development of intelligent mobile devices, task offloading in the edge-cloud environment has become a research hotspot. Task offloading is also a key research issue in Mobile CrowdSourcing (MCS), where crowd workers collect sensed data through smart devices they carry and offload to edge-cloud servers or perform computing tasks locally. Current researches mainly focus on reducing resource consumption in edge-cloud servers, but fails to consider the conflict between resource consumption and service quality. Therefore, this paper considers the learning generation offloading strategy among multiple Deep Neural Network(DNN), proposed a Deep Neural Network-based Task Offloading Optimization (DTOO) algorithm to obtain an approximate optimal task offloading strategy in the edge-cloud servers to solve the conflict between resource consumption and service quality. In addition, a stack-based offloading strategy is researched. The resource sorting method allocates computing resources reasonably, thereby reducing the probability of task failure. Compared with the existing algorithms, the DTOO algorithm could balance the conflict between resource consumption and service quality in traditional edge-cloud applications on the premise of ensuring a higher task completion rate.
Effects of amendments on carbon and nitrogen fractions in agricultural soils of Yellow River Delta
Authors: Wu Lipeng , Zhang Kaijing , Zhu Xingyu , Lu Tongping , Wang Xiujun
Published: May 2023

Although various measurements (including organic amendments) have been used to ameliorate saline–alkaline soils, soil organic matter (SOM) remains low in most salt-affected agriculture soils. It was hypothesized that lower SOM level was partly attributable to weaker SOM stability (thus greater desorption) in the salt-affected soils. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a 16-week incubation experiment using low- and high-salinity soils to evaluate the effects of soil ameliorants (gypsum, CaCO3, rice straw and biochar) on SOM labile fractions, i.e., water extractable organic carbon (WEOC) and nitrogen (WEON), together with microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN). Our results showed an increase in MBC and MBN under all amendments in both low- and high-salinity soils, reflecting improvements in soil properties. Gypsum amendment led to a decrease in both WEOC (by 15–21%) and WEON (by 14–31%). CaCO3 amendment only caused a decrease in WEON (by 14–27%), with a greater decrease found in the high-salinity soil. There was an increase in WEOC (by 13–66%) but a decrease in WEON (7.6–46%) under biochar and straw amendments in both low- and high-salinity soils. WEOC:SOC ratio (an indicator for SOC desorption) showed a decrease under gypsum and biochar amendments but an increase with CaCO3 and straw treatments. There was a decrease in WEON:TN ratio (an indicator for ON desorption) under all amendments, with the greatest decrease under biochar treatment. Our analyses demonstrated an enhancement in SOC or ON adsorption under all amendments, indicating that SOM stability might be enhanced in association with soil amelioration. Our study also highlights that there is strong decoupling between carbon and nitrogen cycles and further studies are needed to examine the impacts of such decoupling on SOM stability.
Gastric tumor mimicking bronchial tissue associated with a laryngotracheoesophageal cleft: a case report
Authors: Nakatani Erika , Terui Keita , Nakata Mitsuyuki , Komatsu Shugo , Shibata Ryohei , Oita Satoru , Kawaguchi Yunosuke , Takenouchi Ayako , Harada-Kagitani Sakurako , Kishimoto Takashi , Fukumoto Koji , Hishiki Tomoro
Published: May 2023

Background

Laryngotracheoesophageal cleft (LTEC) is a rare disease in which the larynx and trachea communicate posteriorly to the esophagus. It is often associated with other congenital malformations, particularly gastrointestinal anomalies. Herein, we report a case of LTEC associated with a gastric polypoid lesion in bronchial tissue.

Case presentation

A gastric mass was detected in a male fetus since week 21 of gestation using fetal ultrasonography. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy performed after birth revealed a pedunculated polypoid lesion of the gastric fornix. The patient experienced frequent vomiting and aspiration pneumonia, which persisted after nasoduodenal tube feeding. Communication between the airway and esophagus was suspected. Laryngoscopy performed 30 days later revealed an LTEC (type III). Partial gastrectomy was performed when the patient was 93 days of age. Histopathological examination revealed tumor consisting of cartilage tissue covered with a layer of respiratory epithelium.

Conclusion

The gastric tumor associated with LTEC exhibited structures mimicking bronchial tissue. LTEC occurs because of foregut maldevelopment, and the tumorous respiratory tissue in the stomach may have been formed from the same abnormal foregut development event as LTEC.
Human-wildlife interaction: past, present, and future
Authors: Narayan Edward , Rana Naureen
Published: May 2023

Human-wildlife interaction is a broad and complex topic. Due to rapid world population growth, there have been greater human impacts on wildlife through agriculture and land fragmentation. In many countries, significant challenges exist with managing wildlife and its negative impacts on humans and wildlife. This special issue discusses human-wildlife co-existence.
Research evidence and implementation gaps in the engagement of people with lived experience in mental health and substance use research: a scoping review
Authors: Hawke Lisa D. , Sheikhan Natasha Y. , Roberts Sara , McKee Shelby
Published: May 2023

Background

There is growing recognition that engaging people with lived experience (PWLE) in mental health and substance use research improves the quality of the research in terms of relevance to the population and the feasibility of the work. Engagement also provides positive opportunities for research teams and the PWLE engaged. However, there are many gaps in the research on PWLE engagement. This scoping review synthesizes the gaps in the implementation of PWLE engagement and in the research on engagement as presented by research teams engaging PWLE in their work.

Method

A systematic electronic database search was conducted in 2022 for published articles on PWLE engagement in mental health and substance use research. Potential articles were screened for relevance. The search led to 49 final articles included in the review. The 49 articles were then coded using codebook thematic analysis to answer two research questions: (1) What are the research evidence gaps regarding the engagement of PWLE in mental health and substance use research?; and (2) What are the gaps in implementing PWLE engagement in mental health and substance use research? PWLE were engaged in the conduct of this review.

Results

Results showed that research evidence gaps include further work on conceptualizing engagement; developing resources, tools, and practice recommendations to support research teams; increasing diversity in evaluations of engagement; and evaluating engagement, including its impact on the research, on PWLE, and on researchers. Implementation gaps included several broader institutional gaps and gaps in the day-to-day practice of engagement.

Conclusions

Despite progress in PWLE engagement in mental health and substance use research in recent years, research evidence and implementation gaps remain. Research teams are encouraged to consider these gaps and conduct research and implementation activities to address them in a rigorous manner.
Delayed emergence from anesthesia caused by an intraoperative cerebral embolism of a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in a neurofibromatosis type 1 patient: a case report
Authors: Kawano Keishi , Tani Makiko , Morimatsu Hiroshi
Published: May 2023

Background

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are aggressive soft tissue sarcomas which commonly arise from neurofibromatosis type 1. Lung metastases of the tumors are well-known, but intraoperative cerebral tumor embolisms of MPNSTs have not been reported in literature.

Case presentation

A 52-year-old female patient with neurofibromatosis type 1 underwent a right lung partial resection for lung tumors. She was extubated after adequate recovery of spontaneous breathing; however, she could not respond to verbal commands. In the intensive care unit, her neurological examination revealed conjugate eye deviation, right hemiparalysis, and aphasia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed acute cerebral ischemia, so she underwent an endovascular thrombectomy. The histopathological diagnosis of emboli was a MPNST, which was identical with that of the resected lung tumor.

Conclusion

We report the first case of delayed emergence caused by a cerebral tumor embolism of MPNST during partial lung resection.
Physiological and productivity responses of fenugreek to foliar spraying with molybdenum and cysteine
Authors: Khater Mahmoud Ahmed , Wahed Mohamed Salama Abd El , Salama Dina Mohamed
Published: May 2023

Background

Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) is one of the oldest cultivated medicinal plants, as well as it is rich with medicinal antioxidant components. The effect of foliar spraying with molybdenum, cysteine on growth, quality and productivity of fenugreek was evaluated in a conducted greenhouse experiment during 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 growing seasons.

Results

Results showed that there were different effects of molybdenum, cysteine and their interaction on morphological characters, photosynthetic pigments, seed yield and yield components and some chemical components of fenugreek plants. However, there was a variety of polypeptide bands with different molecular weights ranging from 18.94 to 250 kDa and was detected with polymorphic ratio 61.91%. Moreover, multiple bands varied in their molecular weight were detected in all tested plants using ISSR primers. The polymorphic percentage reached 70.00, 73.33, 76.19, 72.22, 77.77 and 70.59% in all tested plants with primer IS-01, Is-02, IS-03, IS-04, Is-05 and IS-06, respectively.

Conclusions

It was cleared that foliar spraying with molybdenum, cysteine and their interaction enhanced and improved growth, quality and productive characters of fenugreek. Moreover, there were molecular changes in fenugreek under study and generated bands using the six ISSR primers.
Multislice CT coronary angiography and coronary artery calcium scoring, correlation with Heart Score
Authors: Elkhoraiby Ahmed Kamel , Okasha Nireen Khalifa , Elkashlan Yaser Gomaa , Tamara Ahmed Fathy
Published: May 2023

Background

Coronary atherosclerosis is the number one leading cause of death. According to estimates, if all primary cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) had been eradicated, life expectancy could increase by nearly seven years. Long asymptomatic latent phases of coronary heart disease allow for early preventive measures. Egypt has a high prevalence of premature Coronary Artery Disease (CAD).

Aim of study

We aimed to evaluate the correlation between the cardiovascular risk assessed by the Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (HeartScore) and Coronary Artery Calcium Score (CACS) versus the actual extent of atherosclerotic CAD affection among a sample of Egyptian patients assessed by Multislice Computed Tomography (MSCT) due to chest pain complaints.

Methods

An observational cross section study included one hundred studied cases: aged 40 to 69 years old, of which 63% were males, 63% were hypertensive, 39% were diabetic, and 28% were smokers. Those patients presented with symptoms suggestive of coronary artery disease (chest pain). All studied cases had been subjected to history and examination, electrocardiograph (ECG), kidney functions, lipid profile, SCORE calculation, and coronary MSCT scan.

Results

Our observational study found a moderately significant positive relationship between the HeartScore and CACS and CAD; having a higher score carries a higher probability of having CAD. Having a very low score is a good negative test for exclusion. Also, there is a weak relationship between HeartScore, CACS, and the number of diseased coronaries, i.e. these cannot differentiate single vessel disease (SVD) from Multivessel Disease (MVD). In addition, both scores could not determine Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease (OCAD) and Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease (Non-OCAD).

Conclusions

From the clinical point of view, our research suggests that HeartScore and CACS have moderate value in predicting CAD.
Full-waveform inversion by model extension: Theory, design, and optimization
Authors: Barnier Guillaume , Biondi Ettore , Clapp Robert G. , Biondi Biondo
Published: May 2023

We describe a new method, full-waveform inversion by model extension (FWIME), that recovers accurate acoustic subsurface velocity models from seismic data when conventional methods fail. We leverage the advantageous convergence properties of wave equation migration velocity analysis (WEMVA) with the accuracy and high-resolution nature of acoustic full-waveform inversion (FWI) by combining them into a robust mathematically consistent workflow with minimal need for user inputs. The novelty of FWIME resides in the design of a new cost function and a novel optimization strategy to combine the two techniques, making our approach more efficient and powerful than applying them sequentially. We observe that FWIME mitigates the need for accurate initial models and low-frequency long-offset data, which can be challenging to acquire. Our new objective function contains two components. First, we modify the forward mapping of the FWI problem by adding a data-correcting term computed with an extended demigration operator, whose goal is to ensure phase matching between predicted and observed data, even when the initial model is inaccurate. The second component, which is a modified WEMVA cost function, allows us to progressively remove the contributions of the data-correcting term throughout the inversion process. The coupling between the two components is handled by the variable projection method, which reduces the number of adjustable hyperparameters, thereby making our solution simple to use. We devise a model-space multiscale optimization scheme by reparameterizing the velocity model on spline grids to control the resolution of the model updates. We generate three cycle-skipped 2D synthetic data sets, each containing only one type of wave (transmitted, reflected, or refracted), and we analyze how FWIME successfully recovers accurate solutions with the same procedure for all three cases. In a second paper, we apply FWIME to challenging realistic examples where we simultaneously invert all wave modes.
Patient Advocates and Researchers as Partners in Cancer Research: A Winning Combination
Authors: Porter Laura D. , Goodman Karyn A. , Mailman Josh , Garrett Wendy S.
Published: May 2023

Inclusion of advocates as partners in research is now required by numerous international funding agencies. The role of advocates has expanded in recent years to include all areas of research, including basic cancer research, translational research, and clinical trial design and development. The involvement of advocates as partners in cancer research can be challenging for the advocate and for the researchers, but this collaboration is beneficial to all involved. Herein, we will define patient advocacy, explore advocate engagement, and share information on programs that train advocates and researchers to work together as partners.
Reservoir computing based on solitary-like waves dynamics of liquid film flows: A proof of concept
Authors: Maksymov Ivan S. , Pototsky Andrey
Published: May 2023

Several theoretical works have shown that solitons —waves that self-maintain constant shape and velocity as they propagate— can be used as a physical computational reservoir, a concept where machine learning algorithms designed for digital computers are replaced by analog physical systems that exhibit nonlinear dynamical behaviour. Here we propose and experimentally validate a novel reservoir computing (RC) system that for the first time employs solitary-like (SL) waves propagating on the surface of a liquid film flowing over an inclined surface. We demonstrate the ability of the SL wave RC system (SLRC) to forecast chaotic time series, also producing experimental evidence of the possibility to combine RC with nonlinear vector autoregression techniques not only in a computer program but also in a physical system.
Ondansetron for the Prevention of Pruritus in Women Undergoing Cesarean Delivery With Intrathecal Opioid: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cadd Matthew , Jackson Paul , Ewnetu Baby
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:

Pruritus is a frequently reported and unpleasant side effect following intrathecal opioid use with frequency further increased among parturients. We have performed a systematic review to assess the overall efficacy of ondansetron for the prevention of pruritus in patients receiving intrathecal opioid as part of spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery.

METHODS:

A literature search of MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases was conducted from date of inception to September 2022. Studies that included patients undergoing cesarean delivery with spinal anesthesia using intrathecal opioid were included. The primary outcome was the presence of pruritus, and the secondary outcome was time to onset of pruritus. Data from included studies were pooled for analysis using an appropriately determined random-effects model. Outcomes were presented using forest plots and 95% confidence intervals. Additional sensitivity and subgroup analysis were performed. Trial sequential analysis was conducted for the primary outcome.

RESULTS:

Twenty-three randomized controlled trials with a total of 2586 patients were included: 1219 received ondansetron, 1030 received a placebo, and a further 337 received a different study drug and were excluded from analysis. Opioids used in the included studies were morphine, fentanyl, and sufentanil. Patients who received ondansetron showed a significant reduction in the incidence of pruritus compared to the control group (RR, 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.71–0.92; I2 = 64%). There was no significant difference in pruritus onset between the groups (mean difference [MD], 17.54 minutes; 95% CI, −2.18 to 37.26; I2 = 83%). The overall Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) assessment of quality of evidence was low.

CONCLUSIONS:

This systematic review has demonstrated a significant reduction in the incidence of pruritus following the use of ondansetron. This is in contrast to previously published meta-analyses. Studies included were of varying quality and some at high risk of bias with a high degree of statistical heterogeneity. Furthermore, high-quality and well-powered studies are required to confirm these findings.
Positive Head Computed Tomography Findings in the Setting of Sport Head Injuries: Can These Athletes Return-to-Play?
Authors: Jo Jacob , Williams Kristen L. , Jonzzon Soren , Yengo-Kahn Aaron M. , Terry Douglas P. , Zuckerman Scott L.
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:

The literature on athletes with positive head computed tomography (HCT) findings in the setting of sport head injuries remains sparse.

OBJECTIVE:

To report the proportions of athletes with a positive HCT and compare acute injury characteristics and recovery between those with and without a positive HCT.

METHODS:

A retrospective, single-institution, cohort study was performed with all athletes aged 12 to 23 years seen at a regional concussion center from 11/2017 to 04/2022. The cohort was dichotomized into positive vs negative HCT (controls). Acute injury characteristics (ie, loss of consciousness and amnesia) and recovery, as measured by days to return-to-learn (RTL), symptom resolution, and return-to-play (RTP) were compared. χ2 and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed.

RESULTS:

Of 2061 athletes, 226 (11.0%) received an HCT and 9 (4.0%) had positive findings. HCT findings included 4 (44.4%) subdural hematomas, 1 (11.1%) epidural hematoma, 2 (22.2%) facial fractures, 1 (11.1%) soft tissue contusion, and 1 (11.1%) cavernous malformation. All 9 (100.0%) athletes were treated nonoperatively and successfully returned-to-play at a median (IQR) of 73.0 (55.0-82.0) days. No differences in loss of consciousness or amnesia were seen between positive HCT group and controls. The Mann-Whitney U test showed differences in RTL (17.0 vs 4.0 days; U = 45.0, P = .016) and RTP (73.0 vs 27.0 days; U = 47.5, P = .007) but not in symptom resolution. Our subanalysis showed no differences across all recovery metrics between acute hemorrhages and controls.

CONCLUSION:

Among athletes seen at a regional concussion center who underwent an acute HCT, positive findings were seen in 4%. Although athletes with a positive HCT had longer RTL and RTP, symptom resolution was similar between those with a positive and negative HCT. All athletes with a positive HCT successfully returned to play. Despite a more conservative approach to athletes with a positive HCT, clinical outcomes are similar between those with and without a positive HCT.
Anatomic Considerations Guiding Single Versus Multiportal Endoscopic Approaches for Resection of Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma: Cases Series With Graded Multicorridor Resections
Authors: Bove Ilaria , Pangal Dhiraj J. , Ruzevick Jacob J. , Cheok Stephanie , Amar Arun , Mack William , Ference Elisabeth D. , Wrobel Bozena , Swanson Mark , Hur Kevin , Zada Gabriel
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:

Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibromas (JNAs) are characterized by expansive and destructive growth, often invading the midline/paranasal sinuses, pterygopalatine fossa, and infratemporal fossa and can extend into the orbit, cavernous sinus, or intracranially.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluete the major benefits of the extended endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) for JNA resection as compared with more traditional and invasive transpalatal and transfacial approaches. When JNAs extend into lateral anatomic compartments, the optimal operative trajectory often requires additional approach strategies or surgical staging.

METHODS:

We retrospectively reviewed 8 cases of large JNAs arising in symptomatic adolescent boys (University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Stages II, III, and V) and discuss anatomic and tumor considerations guiding the decision of a pure EEA vs combined EEA and sublabial transmaxillary approach (Caldwell-Luc).

RESULTS:

A pure extended EEA was used in 6 JNA cases (UPMC Stages II-III); a multiportal EEA + Caldwell-Luc maxillotomy was used in 2 cases. One of the 2 patients (UPMC Stage V) previously treated with multiportal EEA + Caldwell-Luc maxillotomy underwent staged left temporal/transzygomatic craniotomy, obtaining gross total resection. Seven patients ultimately underwent complete removal without recurrence. One patient with a small residual JNA (UPMC II) underwent stereotactic radiosurgery without progression to date.

CONCLUSION:

JNAs with lateral extension into the infratemporal fossa often benefited from additional lateral exposure using a Caldwell-Luc maxillotomy. Cases with significant skull base and/or dural involvement may undergo staged surgical treatment; temporalis + transzygomatic craniotomy is often useful for second-stage approaches for residual tumor in these lateral infratemporal or intracranial regions. SRS should be considered for residual tumor if additional surgery is not warranted.
Progenitor-derived glia are required for spinal cord regeneration in zebrafish
Authors: Zhou Lili , McAdow Anthony R. , Yamada Hunter , Burris Brooke , Klatt Shaw Dana , Oonk Kelsey , Poss Kenneth D. , Mokalled Mayssa H.
Published: May 2023

Unlike mammals, adult zebrafish undergo spontaneous recovery after major spinal cord injury. Whereas reactive gliosis presents a roadblock for mammalian spinal cord repair, glial cells in zebrafish elicit pro-regenerative bridging functions after injury. Here, we perform genetic lineage tracing, assessment of regulatory sequences and inducible cell ablation to define mechanisms that direct the molecular and cellular responses of glial cells after spinal cord injury in adult zebrafish. Using a newly generated CreERT2 transgenic line, we show that the cells directing expression of the bridging glial marker ctgfa give rise to regenerating glia after injury, with negligible contribution to either neuronal or oligodendrocyte lineages. A 1 kb sequence upstream of the ctgfa gene was sufficient to direct expression in early bridging glia after injury. Finally, ablation of ctgfa-expressing cells using a transgenic nitroreductase strategy impaired glial bridging and recovery of swim behavior after injury. This study identifies key regulatory features, cellular progeny, and requirements of glial cells during innate spinal cord regeneration.
The human discs large protein 1 interacts with and maintains connexin 43 at the plasma membrane in keratinocytes
Authors: Scott Harry , Dong Li , Stevenson Andrew , MacDonald Alasdair I. , Srinivasan Sharmila , Massimi Paola , Banks Lawrence , Martin Patricia E. , Johnstone Scott R. , Graham Sheila V.
Published: May 2023

Gap junction channels, composed of connexins, allow direct cell-to-cell communication. Connexin 43 (Cx43; also known as GJA1) is widely expressed in tissues, including the epidermis. In a previous study of human papillomavirus-positive cervical epithelial tumour cells, we identified Cx43 as a binding partner of the human homologue of Drosophila Discs large (Dlg1; also known as SAP97). Dlg1 is a member of the membrane associated-guanylate kinase (MAGUK) scaffolding protein family, which is known to control cell shape and polarity. Here, we show that Cx43 also interacts with Dlg1 in uninfected keratinocytes in vitro and in keratinocytes, dermal cells and adipocytes in normal human epidermis in vivo. Depletion of Dlg1 in keratinocytes did not alter Cx43 transcription but was associated with a reduction in Cx43 protein levels. Reduced Dlg1 levels in keratinocytes resulted in a reduction in Cx43 at the plasma membrane with a concomitant reduction in gap junctional intercellular communication and relocation of Cx43 to the Golgi compartment. Our data suggest a key role for Dlg1 in maintaining Cx43 at the plasma membrane in keratinocytes.
Clues on the dynamics of DNA replication in Giardia lamblia
Authors: da Silva Marcelo S. , Vitarelli Marcela O. , Viala Vincent Louis , Tsantarlis Katherine , da Silva Pires David , Franco Thiago A. , de Azevedo Inacio L. M. J. , Elias Maria Carolina , Tonelli Renata R.
Published: May 2023

Genomic replication is a critical, regulated process that ensures accurate genetic information duplication. In eukaryotic cells, strategies have evolved to prevent conflicts between replication and transcription. Giardia lamblia, a binucleated protozoan, alternates between tetraploid and octaploid genomes during its cell cycle. Using single-molecule techniques like DNA combing and nanopore-based sequencing, we investigated the spatio-temporal organization of DNA replication, replication fork progression and potential head-on replication-transcription collisions in Giardia trophozoites. Our findings indicate that Giardia chromosomes are replicated from only a few active origins, which are widely spaced and exhibit faster replication rates compared to those in other protozoan parasites. Immunofluorescence assays revealed that ∼20% of trophozoites show asynchronous replication between nuclei. Forksense and gene ontology analyses disclosed that genes in regions with potential head-on collisions are linked to chromatin dynamics, cell cycle regulation and DNA replication/repair pathways, possibly explaining the observed asynchronous replication in part of the population. This study offers the first comprehensive view of replication dynamics in Giardia, which is the pathogen that causes giardiasis, a diarrheal disease impacting millions worldwide.
Variables relacionadas con el compromiso académico y las habilidades socioemocionales en adolescentes: una revisión sistemática.
Authors: Tortosa Martínez Begoña María , Pérez Fuentes María del Carmen , Molero Jurado María del Mar
Published: May 2023

Algunas investigaciones dirigidas al contexto educativo mostraron que el fomento del compromiso académico y el desarrollo de habilidades socioemocionales benefician a los estudiantes, especialmente a los adolescentes. Sin embargo, hubo dificultades para encontrar estudios que aborden ambas construcciones simultáneamente, ya que la evidencia científica con respecto al tema es escasa. Debido a esta inconsistencia, el objetivo de la presente revisión fue identificar las variables asociadas con el compromiso académico y las habilidades socioemocionales que se estudian en la etapa de la adolescencia. Este estudio siguió una metodología de revisión sistemática basada en las recomendaciones establecidas por la Declaración PRISMA 2020. Para ello, se realizaron dos búsquedas diferentes en las bases de datos científicas de Scopus, Web of Science y PsyCINFO: la primera se centró en el compromiso académico y la segunda en las habilidades socioemocionales, ambas enfocadas en la población adolescente, incluyendo un total de 47 documentos en el estudio. Los resultados mostraron la existencia de numerosas variables, estableciendo las que se analizan en ambos constructos mediante un análisis cualitativo con Atlas.ti 22: rendimiento académico, inteligencia emocional, acoso escolar y resiliencia, encontrando que el compromiso académico es el constructo con mayor prevalencia en la investigación. Concluyendo, es recomendable incluir programas, estrategias o proyectos en los centros educativos con el fin de aumentar los niveles de compromiso académico de los estudiantes y desarrollar habilidades socioemocionales de la manera más favorable posible.
Ecotourism as a medium of promotion and learning Japanese traditional culture
Authors: Baiquni Tribuana Tunggadewi Kusumowardhani , Wiyatasari Reny
Published: May 2023

After going through the pandemic for approximately two years, the enthusiasm of foreign tourists to come to Japan would still high. This proves that tourism is the leading sector of foreign exchange for Japan. Apart from being a foreign exchange, Japan can also promote the uniqueness of their country, including Japanese traditional culture. Japan promotes its traditional culture through one of the concepts of sustainable tourism, which is ecotourism. Ecotourism is not just an activity that prioritizes nature as an attraction but also aims to preserve the environment and improve the cultural welfare of the local community. This study explains the role of ecotourism as a medium for promoting and learning Japanese traditional culture. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. The results of this study indicate that Japan can promote ecotourism and its traditional culture with collaborations between the stakeholders. Furthermore, tourists can learn about Japanese traditional culture through various activities offered by ecotourism destinations.
Evaluation of health risk and heavy metal pollution status in the Bhima River water Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India
Authors: Chinmalli Rajshekar , Vijayakumar Katepaga
Published: May 2023

The current investigation aimed to examine the present status of pollution in the Bhima River using indices (degree of contamination, heavy metal evaluation index, & heavy metal pollution index) and health risk assessment (non-carcinogenic & carcinogenic) by choosing some heavy metals like copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), & zinc (Zn). Eight samples of surface water were collected monthly from October 2021 to September 2022 and analyzed by an atomic absorption spectrometer. The absorptions of heavy metals into sequence Mn > Zn > Cu > Pb > Ni > Cr > Cd have been observed. Pb, Cd, and Ni concentrations were considerably higher in samples collected near sewage runoff and along bridges. The calculated pollution indices indicate that five of the eight sampling sites are extremely polluted. Carcinogenic & Non-carcinogenic dangers were tabulated for adults, children, & infants according to the quantity of heavy metal content in an average daily consumption of water. For adults, children, as well as infants, the estimated non-carcinogenic standards were 3, 5, and 2, respectively. The computed carcinogenic risk levels for Pb, Cd, and Ni exceed the 10-6-10-4 acceptable limit. Indices and risk assessment values suggest that river water is not acceptable for ingestion by all age groups. Additionally, principal component analysis and cluster analysis disclosed that agricultural runoff, lead battery usage, sewage sludge, and bridge construction were the foremost sources of water quality degradation in the study zone. The development of a public drinking water supply is advised by this research to lessen negative impacts of heavy metal poisoning upon human health. Before making the water available for use by the public, it needs also be treated.
A Família Está em Chamas(?): Razão de Estado, Conservadorismo e (Reconhecimento à) Diferença
Authors: Pocahy Fernando Altair , Nardi Henrique Caetano
Published: May 2023

A ascensão de governos neoliberais e de movimentos ultraconservadores vem reforçando a heterocisnormatividade e o racismo, produzindo desigualdade e infligindo ainda mais sofrimento e riscos letais às minorias. Conjurando imposição de regimes de austeridade, limites da presença do Estado e esvaziamento da propriedade social à autorresponsabilização pela gestão da própria vida e saúde, a questão da diferença passou a ser forjada como ponto de instabilidade e ameaça a tais propósitos e pressupostos político-econômicos. Uma das consequências é a ampla circulação de discursos de ódio e desprezo pela diversidade. Este trabalho buscou, assim, compreender como então se estabelecem intersecções enunciativas entre marcadores de diferença e a racionalidade liberal na economia e conservadora nos costumes, tomando como foco a (des)articulação em torno da precarização de parentalidades e conjugalidades diversas. Os resultados desta investigação apontam que, quanto maior a densidade democrática de uma sociedade ou relação sociocultural, maiores as possibilidades de afirmação positiva da alteridade e diferença, bases importantes para a produção da saúde e da cidadania (racial, sexual, de gênero e ambiental).
Representações e Práticas Sociais em Disputa: O Trabalho Doméstico Remunerado Segundo Relatos em Rede Social
Authors: Ancillotti Caio Gracco Lima , Silva Priscilla De Oliveira Martins da
Published: May 2023

Este estudo documental objetivou analisar as representações sociais sobre o trabalho doméstico remunerado compartilhadas na página do Facebook "Eu, Empregada Doméstica" e as práticas sociais delas decorrentes. Para tanto, foram coletados 276 relatos, que compuseram o corpus submetido a uma Classificação Hierárquica Descendente no software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaire (IRaMuTeQ). Os resultados indicaram a existência de cinco classes, denominadas: "Perspectivas", "Trajetórias", "Regras da Cozinha", "Relações de Trabalho" e "Tarefas". As análises demonstraram haver um dissenso representacional, caracterizado pelo confronto de uma perspectiva negativa sobre a profissão, em que as regras, as tarefas e as relações interpessoais estabelecidas eram marcadas por práticas de violência, e outra de caráter positivo, que consistia na afirmação identitária e na busca de uma realidade distinta da vivenciada enquanto trabalhadora doméstica. Concluiu-se, então, que os relatos divulgados retratam a disputa entre representações sociais hegemônicas, associadas ao cotidiano de trabalho, e representações sociais de oposição, manifestadas nas denúncias expostas pelas profissionais na rede social, sinalizando a presença de um movimento, em espaço digital, que visa transformar a realidade ainda negativa da profissão.
Suporte Familiar, Traço/Estado Depressivo e Motivos para Viver em Usuários da Atenção Primária/Secundária
Authors: Dorta Mirela Alves de Oliveira , Pallini Ana Celi , Baptista Makilim Nunes
Published: May 2023

A depressão pode ser desenvolvida, agravada e/ou prevenida em função de alguns fatores como suporte familiar e motivos para viver, além da possibilidade de ser concebida como traço e estado depressivo. O objetivo principal desta pesquisa foi testar um modelo teórico preditivo (path analysis) do suporte familiar sobre traço/estado depressivo e sobre os motivos para viver, em uma amostra de 123 participantes, composta por dois grupos: pacientes do CAPS-AD e da ESF e, posteriormente, verificar as diferenças desses aspectos na amostra estudada. Foram aplicados uma ficha sociodemográfica, a Escala Baptista de Depressão - Adulto (EBADEP-A), Inventário de Percepção de Suporte Familiar (IPSF), Escala de Traço e Estado Depressivo (ETED) e Escala Brasileira de Motivos para Viver (BEMVIVER). O resultado da path analysis indicou que os motivos para viver são explicados pelo estado e traço depressivo e pelo suporte familiar. Os pacientes do CAPS-AD, tinham maiores níveis de sintomatologia depressiva e estado depressivo do que o grupo do ESF. Pacientes do ESF apresentaram médias maiores de suporte familiar e motivos para viver. Conclui-se que investir em estratégias que potencializem os motivos para viver e o suporte familiar podem reduzir os riscos de sintomatologia depressiva.
Habilidades Sociais Educativas de Professoras e Relação com Comportamentos de Pré-Escolares
Authors: Guimarães Cristiane De Azevedo , Costa Carolina Severino Lopes da
Published: May 2023

A pré-escola é um contexto singular, no qual o professor deve incentivar e promover aprendizagens diversas em sua dinâmica pedagógica. Considerando essa necessidade, este estudo teve como objetivo geral avaliar as Habilidades Sociais Educativas de professoras de crianças pré-escolares com desenvolvimento típico, problemas de comportamento e deficiência, assim como, os objetivos específicos de caracterizar as Habilidades Sociais Educativas de professoras de crianças pré-escolares com desenvolvimento típico, problemas de comportamento e deficiência; e relacionar Habilidades Sociais Educativas dos professores com os problemas de comportamento e habilidades sociais das crianças. Participaram 31 professoras e 93 crianças com idades entre 4 e 6 anos. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados 1) Escala de Comportamentos Sociais de Pré-escolares; 2) Inventário de Habilidades Sociais Educativas; 3) Questionário de Habilidades Sociais Educativas do professor da pré-escola. Os resultados sinalizaram que as professoras apresentaram índices mais elevados de Habilidades Sociais Educativas gerais do que de específicas em situações cotidianas da pré-escola. Houve relação positiva entre Habilidades Sociais Educativas das professoras e o repertório comportamental do grupo de crianças com desenvolvimento típico. A pesquisa concluiu que as professoras apresentavam bom repertório, mas que é necessário investimento em estudos acerca da ocorrência e força da relação entre as variáveis.
The Alcohol Liaison Service: an update
Authors: Fernandez Jeff , Reaburn Kevin , Ryan Jennifer
Published: May 2023

A previous article published in this journal discussed an outpatients clinic in north London to illustrate the way it can treat patients effectively to keep them engaged and benefit from treatment. That article showed that the service can avoid future hospital admissions. This article provides a 6-month update and further evidences the positive outcomes that can be achieved with an outpatients clinic, treating patients who are admitted to hospital with alcohol dependency.
Moss-inhabiting beetles of the West Indies (Insecta: Coleoptera)
Authors: KONSTANTINOV ALEXANDER S. , BASELGA ANDRÉS , ANDERSON ROBERT S. , CARLTON CHRISTOPHER , GUSAROV VLADIMIR I. , IVIE MICHAEL A. , OWENS BRITTANY E. , SOKOLOV IGOR M. , TISHECHKIN ALEXEY K.
Published: May 2023

This study is the first attempt to assess the diversity of beetles (Coleoptera) in terrestrial moss cushions on three West Indian islands (Hispaniola, Jamaica, and Puerto Rico) based on 10 years of moss sampling in 18 localities. In total 1711 adult beetles were collected. They belong to 234 species from 30 families. The most species and specimen rich families are Staphylinidae (86 morphospecies and 1195 specimens), Curculionidae (61 morphospecies and 131 specimens), and Chrysomelidae (16 morphospecies and 185 specimens). In addition to basic bryobionts feeding on moss tissues, moss cushions host a diverse fauna of mycophagous and saprophagous Coleoptera together with predaceous species of beetles. Our results suggest that community composition in moss inhabiting beetles is determined both by geographical isolation processes and, to a lesser degree, by environmental variation across altitudinal gradients. This confirms that the greater relevance of geographical isolation is a common pattern in organisms with limited dispersal ability. Beetle abundance was not significantly related to either the volume of moss or the substrate. Despite being not significant (but close to), the observed trend was to higher beetle abundance in moss cushions collected on trees than in those collected on soil/rock. This may be resulting from the greater diversity of fungi and higher number of beetle fungivores associated with tree growing moss communities.