bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis on the Reasons for the popularity of Tutash Taqdirler in Central Asia
Authors: Ahmet Nurimanguli
Published: June 2022

After independence, Uzbek film and television is playing an important role in the restatement of historical memory, reconstruction of national identity, and reintegration into the global system. It focuses on local conditions and customs, and eulogizes beauty of human nature. In addition, it explains the changes of daily public life, the difficulties encountered in the process of modernity, and it is good at exploring the contemporary value of classical classics and realizing them effectively. This paper mainly analyzes the reasons for the popularity of the family drama Tutash Taqdiller (Fantastic Fate) in Uzbekistan.
Modification of a Lateritic Soil with Lime and Cement: An Economical Alternative for Flexible Pavement Layers
Authors: Portelinha Fernando H.M. , Lima Dário C. , Fontes Maurício P.F. , Carvalho Carlos A.B.
Published: June 2022

Lateritic soils are widely spread in the Brazilian territory and they have been used as subgrade of pavement layers. Specifically, the Red-yellow latosols are usually clayey soils and are characterized as low bearing capacity materials for flexible pavement layers. As a conventional solution, soil stabilization with hydrated lime or Portland cement has been used as pavement layers reinforcement. However, the addition of low contents of stabilizers, referring to the soil modification, has not been applied on regular basis in highway designs. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the use of low contents of lime and cement in the modification of a lateritic soil properties concerning the behavior of mixtures since of the beginning of construction to the resulting final product. At this point, the workability, chemical properties, mechanical behavior and mineralogical composition were evaluated. Mechanistic analyses were performed in order to verify fatigue failures on asphalt layers in roadways structural layers. Experimental results showed that addition of 2% and 3% of lime or cement was enough to change the soil workability and mechanical strength. Additionally, mechanistic analyses supported the soil modification technique as valuable practice with low elastic strains in the asphalt layer when applied in pavement base layers.
Evaluation of Direct Shear Tests on Geogrid Reinforced Soil
Authors: Sayão Alberto S.F.J. , Sieira Ana C.C.F.
Published: June 2022

This paper presents a program of direct shear tests in soil reinforced with geogrids, carried out with large-scale equipment. A woven geogrid was placed in sandy soil and positioned with different inclinations inside the shear box. The strength parameters of the soil-geogrid interface were obtained from shear tests with the geogrid positioned horizontally in the sand. The direct shear tests with inclined reinforcement revealed the strength differences related to the reinforcement inclination, seeking to define the most favorable positioning of the geogrid for construction works in reinforced slopes. An analysis of the deformed configuration of the geogrid is presented, based on the measured position of the grid at the end of the shear tests. Finally, numerical simulations of the direct shear tests were carried out, allowing an assessment of the tensile forces acting on the inclined reinforcement. These studies allowed a clear definition of the soil region that is not distorted during the direct shear test, being subject to a simple translation only. The geogrid’s displacements were found to be anti-symmetrical in relation to the failure plane. Shearing was concentrated at the central region of the specimen’s height, with the upper and lower regions being simply subjected to translation, with no distortion. The inclination of the reinforcement within the soil has a significant influenc
Role of Geophysical Testing in Geotechnical Site Characterization
Authors: Jamiolkowski Michele
Published: June 2022

The lecture attempts to highlight the insights late Victor De Mello provided on some key areas. Considering the increasing role of the geophysical methods in the geotechnical site characterization, the writer focuses on the use of in-hole geophysical methods when assessing, both in field and in laboratory, the parameters depicting the soil state and its stiffness at small strain. With this aim the writer draws the attention to seismic transversal (S) and longitudinal (P) body waves generated both in field, during in-hole tests, and in laboratory using piezocristals. Within this framework the following issues are discussed: • Stiffness at very small strain as obtainable from the S and P velocities. • Difference between fully from near to saturated soils from the measured P-wave velocity. • Evaluation of undisturbed samples quality based on the comparison of S-waves velocities measured in field and in laboratory respectively. • Evaluation of porosity and void ratio from measured P and S waves velocity. • S-wave based evaluation of the coarse grained soils susceptibility to cyclic liquefaction.
Engineering Geological Mapping in the Basaltic Cuestas, São Paulo State, Brazil
Authors: Abreu Ana E.S. , Filho Oswaldo A.
Published: June 2022

Some difficulties of performing an engineering geological mapping task in sites where residual and transported sandy soils are widespread are discussed in this paper. The study area is located in the municipality of Analândia in the southeast of Brazil. In this region landscape evolution is dominated by scarp retreat and relief inversion processes. As transported and residual soils have very similar grain size distributions, the results of geotechnical tests performed on both kinds of soils are very similar. Understanding the regional landscape evolution was essential for performing the mapping task. The method used combined aspects of engineering geological mapping based on synthetic and analytical approaches and it is strongly supported by field observations. The expected engineering behaviors of the mapped units are presented. Some of the units correspond to colluviums that occupy hilltops, a geomorphological position were they would not be expected. Moreover, the “stone lines” are common features in the area and their identification clearly defines the unconsolidated material as allochtonous. However, they are not always located at the bottom of the colluvial deposits, and sometimes they are not present at all or show lateral discontinuity. Some other characteristics are distinctive of these widespread deposits.
Student Learning Using MongoDB Sharding on a Cluster of Ubuntu Raspberry Pi 4B Servers
Authors: Thomas Mason Robert , K Masters William
Published: June 2022

Aim/Purpose: When Data Science students use a Cloud environment such as AWS or Azure, they are not able to have direct hands-on experience with the under-lying hardware components. When students create virtual machines in the Cloud, they specify memory size, CPUs, disk space, etc. However, they cannot reach out and touch the underlying hardware directly since it resides in the Cloud.

Background: The ability to purchase commodity servers (e.g., $3,000 per Dell server) to create a cluster of multiple machines is cost prohibitive for most faculty and students because it can cost upwards of $30,000 for 10 machines. This cost does not include the other hardware components that are required for the cluster, such as cooling equipment, cables, rack, etc.

Methodology: The research methodology leveraged for this research was to build a prototype to evaluate the costs of using inexpensive hardware and software ($1628.82) in comparison to a more expensive cluster of commodity servers ($30,000).

Contribution: There is very little research literature about using this approach of using Raspberry Pi servers as an inexpensive replacement for commodity servers.

Findings: This paper demonstrates that Raspberry Pi 4b servers (with 8 gig of RAM) can be leveraged to build a cluster of low cost servers to run both Linux Ubuntu 20 and MongoDB Sharding (distributed processing).

Recommendations for Practitioners: Practitioners will appreciate this paper because it is a tutorial that describes assembling the cluster components and then installing MongoDB Shar-ding (distributed processing) on a cluster of 9 Rpi 4b servers.

Recommendations for Researchers: Researchers will appreciate this paper because it provides a new inexpensive alternative to using a Cloud environment or an expensive cluster of commodity servers to research distributed processing.

Impact on Society: Students and faculty now have an inexpensive option of creating a personalized cluster of servers to experiment with distributed processing.

Future Research: Future Research can include testing this cluster with other distributed processing tools, such as the Hadoop ecosystem or NoSQL Databases (e.g. such as Cassandra)
PROTO-MOVIE COMICS IN RUSSIA: A FOLK CINEMA
Authors:   Film Art journal, Tsyrkun Nina A.
Published: June 2022

The author considers two Russian films of Soviet period – Happiness (1934) by A. Medvedkin and Believe it or Not (1983) by S. Ovcharov. Not out of synk with traditional referring them to a Russian national lubok genre (known abroad as Russian comics) the author attempts to include them into an “umbrella” universal context of movie comics in capacity of a proto-comics as the national variant with distinctive dialectics of folklorism and national spirit. The both specimen’s narration demonstrate a sophisticated artistic form in combination with imaginary naivete, conveying the national ethos, which activates cinema’s communicative function and makes the author’s message comprehensible a for broad public audience through emotional empathy.
REPRESENTATION OF EXISTENTIAL CONFLICTS IN “THE CROWN” SERIAL
Authors:   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Sorokina Maria A.
Published: June 2022

The Netflix’s serial “The Crown”, which is focused on members of the British royal family, has become one of the most popular series about powerful agents. The novelty of the series lies in another representation of the British royal family – now they are not a media brand, but an ordinary family, endowed with power. Traditional media narratives about both the magic and the futility of the monarchy are problematized by the showrunners of the series. The conflict between “human” and “powerful” happens throughout the narrative of “The Crown”. Through analysis of several episodes of the series, the article reflects the strategies of representing the modern British royal family as powerful agents and, at the same time, existential subjects.
Designing Enterprise Architecture Management Services – A Transformation Journey in the Public Sector
Authors: Koç Hasan , Weisweber Wilhelm , Luettke Marcus
Published: June 2022

Enterprise Architecture Management (EAM) is widely used in the public sector and is increasingly understood as a driver of digital transformation. After reviewing the current literature on the EAM Services in the public sector, this article reports on experiences in the realignment of the EAM services in Deutsche Rentenversicherung (DRV - German pension insurance), presents an approach supported by Value Proposition Canvas (VPC), and details the EAM services that were designed using the method.
Understanding the influence of Teachers’ Beliefs and Professional Dispositions on Technology use in South African Secondary Schools before and during COVID
Authors: Sackstein Suzanne , Matthee Machdel , Weilbach Lizette
Published: June 2022

Those advocating for technology integration within education claim that teachers need to reform their pedagogic practices to make learning more engaging and relevant. While educational technology researchers claim teachers are primarily responsible for these failures, it seems teachers do not embrace technology unquestionably. This paper aims to develop an understanding of how teachers’ beliefs and professional dispositions (PDs) influence technology use within different social and educational contexts. A set of three interviews were conducted at four South African secondary schools with vastly different social contexts, over different periods of time (before and during COVID) with cross-case analyses. Findings show that the provision of technology does not guarantee integration as use varies amongst teachers within technology-rich schools, with teachers who hold more positive Internal Beliefs (IBs) of technology not only focusing less on External Structure (ES) barriers, but also utilising technology in more varied ways, even to enhance and transform their pedagogic practices. Furthermore, teachers’ PDs seem to exist on a continuum and do not appear to be the sole influencer of technology use, with the context alongside the school’s technology policy and related technology structures influencing teachers’ IBs and resulting technology use. In addition, while mandatory use of technology during COVID led to more positive IBs as teachers understood the value of the technology, this only appears to be true if external structures (ESs) supported the learners as well. Moreover, all teachers expressed their belief that technology is no replacement for face-to-face teaching. Finally, the rich data from the interviews underlined the intricacies of factors influencing the use of technology in classrooms, indicating a need for a meta-theory to gain a holistic understanding of technology use by teachers.
الندوة الدولية (عن بعد) لمركز ابن خلدون للعلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية - جامعة قطر: واقع الأنثروبولوجيا في العالم العربي – الحصيلة والآفاق 7-9 ديسمبر 2021
Authors: لحمامد المهدي
Published: June 2022

استمرارًا في مشروعه العلمي، وانسجامًا مع أطره الاستراتيجية، نظم مركز ابن خلدون للعلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية في جامعة قطر في شراكة مع مركز البحث في الأنثروبولوجيا الاجتماعية والثقافية بالجزائر ندوة دولية، عن بعد، تحت عنوان "واقع الأنثروبولوجيا في العالم العربي: الحصيلة والآفاق"، واستمرت على مدار ثلاثة أيام؛ من 7 إلى 9 ديسمبر 2021. عرفت الندوة العلمية مشاركة نخبة بارزة من الأنثروبولوجيين من العالم العربي ومن خارجه، وعالجت إشكالات ومواضيع متعددة تتصل بالأنثروبولوجيا عربيًّا، بعد حوالي ستين سنة من تأسيس أقسام لها في بعض الجامعات العربية، وخصوصًا ما يتعلق بقضايا المنهج، والموضوع، والممارسة الحقلية، ومؤسسات البحث، والتدريس. وتطرق المشاركون في الندوة لأسئلة ترتبط بالقضايا والظواهر والإشكالات اللا مفكر فيها أنثروبولوجيًا في العالم العربي، وللمعالجات الأنثروبولوجية الراهنة للصحة والمرض في ظل الجائحة العالمية كوفيد-19.
إسهامات غير غربية لتخليص حقل العلاقات الدولية من الهيمنة المعرفية الغربية: إصلاح أم ثورة؟
Authors: سالم أحمد علي
Published: June 2022

لا تهتم معظم مدارس العلاقات الدولية التي طورتها جماعات علمية غربية بحل مشاكل الدول والمجتمعات غير الغربية، وكثيرًا ما تفشل في تفسير علاقاتها الدولية. ومن أسباب هذا الفشل تجاهل تلك المدارس للخبرات التاريخية والمعاصرة في المجتمعات غير الغربية، فضلًا عن معارفها وثقافاتها. تبحث الدراسة في جذور استبعاد معارف المجتمعات غير الغربية وتاريخها من حقل العلاقات الدولية، وهي جذور تعود إلى محاولات الاستعمار تدمير معارف الشعوب المستعمَرة بشكل ممنهج. كما تلقي الدراسة الضوء على بعض الإسهامات البارزة لعلماء العلاقات الدولية غير الغربيين من أجل تحرير الحقل من الهيمنة المعرفية الغربية سواء بإصلاحه أو تغييره جذريًا. فبينما يحاول بعض هؤلاء العلماء إصلاح المدارس والرؤى الغربية بالاستفادة من خبرات تاريخية وسياسية ومعارف غير غربية، مثل علماء أمريكا اللاتينية الذين قدموا نظرية التبعية، يشكك آخرون في جدوى هذه الطريق ويجتهدون في تقديم أطروحات جديدة تعكس المعارف والخبرات غير الغربية بعيدًا عن رؤى الحقل ومدارسه التي يرونها غير قابلة للإصلاح. كذلك تقدم الدراسة أفكارًا لمساعدة مدرسة المنظور الحضاري الإسلامي على مواجهة تحديات نشره عالميًا، وهي مدرسة تطرح الرؤية المعرفية الإسلامية وخبرات المسلمين التاريخية والمعاصرة كأسس لإصلاح الحقل وإعادة بنائه.
جغرافية الأدب المقارن في تركيا
Authors: خضري حيدر
Published: June 2022

تهدف هذه المقالة إلى دراسة تاريخ نشأة الأدب المقارن وتطوره في تركيا. وقد جاءت في قسمين؛ اختص القسم الأول بتسليط الضوء على الأدب المقارن الكلاسيكي التركي، وخصائصه، ومدى تداخله مع جغرافية العالم الإسلامي، ولا سيما الأدبين العربي والفارسي. أما القسم الثاني من المقالة فخصص لدراسة الأدب المقارن التركي الحديث، وخصائصه، ومدى اندماجه مع الثقافات الغربية، بدءًا بالثقافة الرومية-اليونانية، فالفرنسية، فالألمانية، وأخيرًا الإنجليزية. صنفت الآراء النقدية والمقارنة لكل من إدوارد سعيد، وإيميلي أبتر، وآخرين حول ولادة الأدب المقارن في المنفى-الإسطنبولي من خلال دراستهم أعمال إريك أورباخ، ليو سبيتزر، وغيرهم، مع ظهور "يقظة المقارنة" عند المفكرين العثمانيين، لا سيما في عصر التنظيمات العثمانية (1839-1876)، والمشروطية الأولى (1876 -1878)، والعقود الأخيرة للخلافة العثمانية. وتعرض المقالة لأهم التحديات والأزمات الناتجة عن هذه الثنائية الزمکانية وأثرها على الأدب المقارن في تركيا، وتقدم مقترحًا مفاده بأن تكون هوية الأدب المقارن التركي هوية هجينة (hybrid) تجمع بين الأدبين التركيين بشقيه الغربي والشرقي؛ حتى يتسنى لهذا الأدب الصمود أمام أزماته الزمكانية.
الفن والدينامية الاحتجاجية الجديدة: محاولة لفهم أدواره وأشكاله
Authors: أمشنوك رشيد
Published: June 2022

تتحدث هذه الدراسة عن موقع الفن في تحقيق الدينامية الاحتجاجية الجديدة، وعن دوره في ترجمة قضايا المواطنين ومشاكلهم الاجتماعية والسياسية، والتعبير عن وجودهم الاجتماعي ووعيهم النقدي المتمرد، وقد انطلقنا من افتراضٍ مفاده؛ أن الفعل الاحتجاجي لا يمكن اختزاله في أشكاله التقليدية المعتادة كالمسيرات والمظاهرات والوقفات والاعتصامات المدنية وغيرها من أدوات الاحتجاج، بل خلق الإنسان لنفسه مساحة جديدة للاحتجاج الجماعي أو الفردي؛ كأغاني الألتراس وأهازيج الملاعب والأغاني الشعبية الناقدة وشعارات المظاهرات وترانيم الثورة أو الفردية؛ كالكتابة على الجدران والكوميديا الساخرة، وغيرها من الأنماط التعبيرية المتعددة. وعلى هذا الأساس يمكن أن تتخذ الحركات الاجتماعية هذه الأشكال الفنية الاحتجاجية كخيار استراتيجي لتحقيق تطلعات الشعوب.
مراجعة كتاب «الثورة السودانية (2018-2019) مقاربة توثيقية-تحليلية لدوافعها ومراحلها وتحدياتها» لأحمد أبو شوك
Authors: جراد المهدي
Published: June 2022

صدر كتاب الثورة السودانية (2018-2019) مقاربة توثيقية تحليلية لدوافعها ومراحلها وتحدياتها، عن المركز العربي للأبحاث ودراسة السياسات عام 2021 لمؤلفه الأستاذ أحمد إبراهيم أبو شوك، أستاذ التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر بجامعة قطر. يبدأ الكتاب بتقديم من الدكتور عزمي بشارة، المدير العام لمركز العربي للأبحاث ودراسة السياسات، وجاء في 640 صفحةً موزعة على سبعة فصول، إضافة إلى الملاحق (حوالي 250 صفحةً)، وقائمة المراجع، والفهرس العام.
دورة علمية (عن بعد) لمركز ابن خلدون للعلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية - جامعة قطر: مدخل إلى العلوم الاجتماعية 23-29 أكتوبر 2021
Authors: الكعبي لطيفة منادي
Published: June 2022

انطلاقًا من إطار التجسير؛ أحد الأطر الاستراتيجية الخمسة التي يعمل في ضوئها مركز ابن خلدون للعلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعي بجامعة قطر، ويعني إيجاد حالة من التفاعل المنهجي بين فروع العلوم الاجتماعية والإنسانية المختلفة فيما بين تلك الأطر؛ أقام مركز ابن خلدون دورة علمية بعنوان: "مداخل إلى العلوم الاجتماعية" ضمن فعالية "أسبوع مركز ابن خلدون للعلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية" على مدار سبعة أيام من 23-29 أكتوبر، شارك في تقديمها سبعة أساتذة رائدين في اختصاصاتهم. وتقوم فكرة الدورة على أن المعرفة العلمية الاجتماعية معرفة متداخلة بطبيعتها، وأن الاكتفاء في البناء العلمي على التخصص الدقيق يؤدي ببعض الأكاديميين والباحثين إلى أن يحصروا أنفسهم في زاوية نظر معزولة عن سياقها المعرفي والمنهجي؛ مما يتطلب من المختصين في مختلف العلوم، أن تكون لهم دراية بالعلوم الأخرى؛ ولو على مستوى المداخل، لتتشكل لهم صورة عن خارطة المعرفة بحقولها ومناهجها المختلفة، وليتمكنوا من القيام بعملهم العلمي والبحثي عن وعي بهذا التعقيد والترابط بين العلوم.
PEMANFAATAN MESIN PEMUTAR GERABAH UNTUK MENDUKUNG PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI GERABAH DI DESA BANYUMULEK
Authors: Citarsa Ida Bagus Fery , Supriono Supriono , Suksmadana I Made Budi , Wiryajati I Ketut , Warindi Warindi , Satiawan I Nyoman Wahyu
Published: June 2022

Pembuatan gerabah di desa Banyumulek umumnya masih menggunakan cara-cara tradisional. Hal ini menyebabkan kemajuan produksi gerabah baik secara kualitas maupun kuantitas menjadi tidak signifikan. Kemungkinan perbaikan metode pembuatan gerabah adalah dengan membuat suatu alat pemutar gerabah yang pengoperasiannya tidak lagi menggunakan kekuatan tangan melainkan dengan bantuan suatu mesin pemutar gerabah yang menggunakan motor listrik.Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan mesin pemutar gerabah untuk mendukung peningkatan produksi gerabah di Desa Banyumulek. Metode yang dilakukan berupa perancangan, perakitan, penyuluhan cara penggunaan dan penyerahan mesin pemutar gerabah kepada mitra pengrajin di Desa Banyumulek.Hasil perancangan dan perakitan menunjukkan bahwa mesin pemutar gerabah dapat dioperasikan pada putaran yang berkisar antara 3 sd 5 putaran per detik sebagaimana dibutuhkan oleh mitra pengrajin. Hasil penyuluhan penggunaan mesin pemutar gerabah menunjukkan bahwa mitra pengrajin mampu menggunakan mesin pemutar gerabah untuk selanjutnya dapat dipergunakan di tempat usahanya. Hasil pemanfaatan mesin pemutar gerabah menunjukkan peningkatan produksi karena waktu dan tenaga dibutuhkan untuk menghasilkan satu item gerabah menjadi lebih sedikit dibanding menggunakan alat pemutar gerabah tradisional.Dengan adanya kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini maka produksi gerabah di Desa Banyumulek dapat mengalami peningkatan.
PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN BUDIDAYA IKAN NILA YANG BAIK DIKELOMPOK PEMBUDIDAYA IKAN GEMARI JAYA KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Handajani Hany , Sutarjo Ganjar Adhywirawan
Published: June 2022

yang terus berupaya melakukan pengembangan kegiatan budidaya ikan air tawar secara intensif di wilayah Desa Jedong Kabuapten Malang adalah kelompok Gemari Jaya. Usaha budidaya ikan ini terbentuk pada tahun 2019 sehingga membutuhkan pendampingan dari berbagai pihak diantaranya dari perguruan tinggi. Dalam menjalankan usaha, mitra program menghadapi beberapa permasalahan yaitu belum diterapkannya manajemen budidaya ikan secara baik sehingga Biaya dan kapasitas produksi tidak terukur. Tujuan dari program ini adalah untuk meningkatkan ketrampilan dan pengetahuan mitra terkait penerapan manajemen budidaya ikan Nila yang baik, penerapan manajemen kualitas air, dan penerapan manajemen kesehatan ikan. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah metode pelatihan dan pendampingan terkait pentingnya meningkatkan manajemen budidaya ikan Nila yang baik, pengelolaan kualitas air, dan manajemen kesehatan ikan. Hasil kegiatan yang diperoleh yaitu mitra mampu menerapan manajemen budidaya ikan Nila secara intensif berpedoman pada cara  budidaya ikan yang baik (CBIB), Penerapan teknik pengelolaan kualitas air melalui monitoring kualitas air secara periodik, dan penerapan manajemen kesehatan ikan berbasis tanaman herbal dilokasi mitra sehingga kapasitas produksi yang sebelumnya 40% meningkat menjadi 60%, target waktu produksi dari sebelumnya 6 bulan dapat dicapai pada waktu 5 bulan. Kesimpulan kegiatan ini adalah kapasitas dan waktu produksi budidaya ikan nila dapat diukur dengan baik, sehingga ekonomi mitra meningkat.
PEMANFAATAN AREAL BERMAIN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MOTORIK DAN SENSORIK ANAK TK PERTIWI DUSUN SEMAYA, KARANGLEWAS
Authors: Suryadi Yudi , Puspitasari Diana , Widodo Heri
Published: June 2022

TK Pertiwi merupakan satu-satunya taman kanak-kanak yang ada di dusun Semaya yang terletak di bawah lereng Gunung Slamet yang berjarak sekitar 18 km dari pusat kota Purwokerto. Geografis dusun berbatasan dengan kawasan hutan lindung sehingga Semaya seperti terpisah dari peradaban kota. Hal tersebut berimbas pula pada minimnya fasilitas sarana penunjang pembelajaran. Kurangnya prasarana penunjang kreatifitas dan kemampuan motorik serta sensorik anak mendorong tim pengabdi untuk memanfaatkan lahan di areal TK. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah untuk memberikan ruang yang luas bagi anak dalam bergerak dan mengeksplorasi kemampuan kreatifitas untuk mendukung perkembangan motorik dan sensorik anak. Metode yang digunakan terdiri dari 3, yaitu 1) pra persiapaan (identifikasi khalayak sasaran, pengumpulan dan analisis kebutuhan), 2) Persiapan (identifikasi pengadaan barang, pembelian, dan penentuan waktu serta akomodasi), 3) Pelaksanaan kegiatan. Kegiatan yang dilakukan dalam pengabdian adalah pemasangan alat permainan outdoor pada lahan kosong areal TK yang berupa trampolin dan perosoton. Kegiatan kedua adalah pemanfaatan lahan untuk areal berkebun di mana 1 anak mendapatkan benih sayuran dan peralatan berkebun yang terdiri dari pot, media tanah pupuk, sekop mini, dan penyiram tanaman mini. Kegiatan terakhir adalah kegiatan bermusik di mana anak belajar mengenali notasi dalam alat musik pianika. Kegiatan yang dilakuan diharapkan dapat menanamkan kecintaan serta peka dengan lingkungannya. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini memberikan kebermanfaatan yang besar bagi TK dan anak-anak. Dengan menyediakan sarana permainan dapat membantu meningkatkan kualitas TK. Bagi anak-anak, sarana yang disediakan dapat membantu perkembangan motorik dan sensorik melalui aktivitas yang dilakukan.
SOSIALISASI PENGEMBANGAN PERTANIAN LAHAN KERING DAN PEMANFAATAN AIR TANAH DALAM DI DESA SALUT KECAMATAN KAYANGAN, KABUPATEN LOMBOK UTARA
Authors: Negara I Dewa Gede Jaya , Kusumo Bambang Hari , Kisman Kisman , Tajidan Tajidan , Susilawati Lolita Endang , Santoso Bambang Budi , Priyono Joko
Published: June 2022

Potensi lahan kering di Lombok Utara sangat luas dengan sungai di sekitarnya kebanyakan kering pada musim kemarau. Dusun Sambik Rindang merupakan salah satu lahan kering yang sangat berpotensi untuk pertanian produktif, akan tetapi belum mampu dimanfaatkan dengan optimal oleh warga. Untuk itu  masyarakat Sambik Rindang perlu diberikan pengetahuan tentang hal tersebut melalui sosialisasi, agar  dapat melakukan  pemanfaatan lahan kering dan  air tanah yang ada secara hemat sehingga usahatani dapat dilakukan di luar musim hujan. Tujuan sosialisai adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang efisiensi air irigasi dan cara-cara irigasi untuk pertanian di lahan kering. Sosialisasi ini dilakukan dengan tahapan tinjauan lapangan, sosialisasi lapangan, diskusi dan tanya jawab, evaluasi dan penutup. Selanjutnya pengabdian dengan sosialisasi ini telah berhasil memberikan pengetahuan tentang irigasi yang efisien seperti irigasi tetes dan pipanisasi, dengan usahatani yang produktif. Peserta pengabdian sangat antosias mengikutan kegiatan sosialisasi, pertanyaan tentang pertanian dan irigasi telah di jawab dengan baik oleh tim dari Fakultas Pertanian dan  Fakultas Teknik. Evaluasi kegiatan dilakukan tim pengabdian, sejak kegiatan sosialisasi lapangan sampai akhir kegiatan. Peserta pengabdian sangat proaktif selama kegiatan berlangsung  dan telah memiliki pengetahuan tentang irigasi yang efisen dan cara Bertani yang produktif. Dengan demikian peserta pengabdian telah mengetahui cara-cara irigasi yang hemat dan telah mendapatkan pengetahuan dalam  memanfaatkan lahan kering agar memberikan dampak ekonomi keluarga.
PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI IKAN KONSUMSI BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL DENGAN TEKNOLOGI CULTURE BASED FISHERIES ( CBF) DI MA BAHRUL ULUM MULIASARI, BANYUASIN
Authors: Mulyani Rahma , Sumantriyadi Sumantriyadi , Sari Lia Perwita , Sari Yulia Puspita , Mayasari Santi , Humairani Humairani
Published: June 2022

Salah satu teknik perikanan budidaya yaitu Culture Based Fisheries (CBF). CBF atau Perikanan Tangkap Berbasis Budidaya adalah kegiatan perikanan tangkap dimana ikan hasil tangkapan berasal dari benih ikan hasil budidaya yang ditebarkan ke dalam badan air, dan benih ikan yang ditebarkan akan tumbuh dengan memanfaatkan makanan alami yang tersedia dalam peningkatan produksi ikan konsumsi berbasis kearifan lokal. Tujuan dari kegiatan, diharapkan dapat menambah wawasan dan informasi bagi para guru dan siswa-siswi tentang budidaya perikanan dengan teknik CBF. Metode yang digunakan yaitu tahap observasi dan persiapan, tahap koordinasi, tahap persiapan alat dan bahan, dan terakhir tahap pelaksanaan. Hasil kegiatan PKM Khalayak sasaran dalam kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini secara umum adalah masyarakat, namun secara khusus yaitu ditujukan kepada Santri/Siswa/i dan Guru di MA Bahrul Ulum Muliasari Tanjung Lago Kabupaten Banyuasin yang secara spesifik telah diikuti sebanyak 41 orang. Pada saat pelaksanaan PKL, kegiatan dilaksanakan dalam 3 kegiatan, yang pertama sambutan dari kepala MA Bahrul Ulum dan juga Ketua Tim PKL, pada sesi kedua dilanjutkan dengan sesi pemaparan 6 materi dan yang terakhir adalah kegiatan demonstrasi atau praktik pengukuran kualitas air sekaligus sosialisasi prodi budi daya ikan. Hasil PKM ini digunakan untuk  meningkatkan kemauan dan pengetahuan masyarakat melalui siswa/guru dalam  mengembangkan wilayahnya agar menerapkan teknologi CBF untuk mengembangkan sector perikanan di daerah tersebut yang terlihat cukup menjanjikan.
Pelatihan Implementasi Pendekatan TPACK Melalui Model-Model Pembelajaran Yang Memberdayakan Untuk Merdeka Belajar Di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Khotimah Khusnul , Muchtar Muchtar
Published: June 2022

Adanya pandemi COVID-19 di Indonesia saat ini memberikan dampak pada pendidikan formal, yaitu mulai sekolah dasar hingga pendidikan tinggi. Dampak tersebut tak terkecuali dialami oleh sekolah-sekolah dasar yang tedapat di Gugus 1 Kecamatan Kedungkandang Kota Malang. Adanya pandemi tersebut menyebabkan kegiatan belajar mengajar (KBM)yang semula offline berubah menjadi online. Kondisi tersebut tentunya mengakibatkan perubahan-perubahan dalam sistem pembelajaran, diantaranya yaitu perubahan pendekatan pembelajaran dan model-model pembelajaran yang digunakan dalam KBM. Studi lebih lanjut diperoleh data bahwa agar KMB tetap terlaksana tentutanya dibutuhkan alat-alat teknologi yang dapat menghubungan antara pendidik dengan peserta didik. Permasalahan yang terjadi di lapangan yaitu bagaimana pendidik dapat memanfaatkan dan menggunakan alat-alat teknologi tersebut dalam pembelajaran. Salah satu pendekatan pembelajaran yang dianggap koheren dengan situasi dan kondisi saat ini salah satunya yaitu pendekatan TPACK. Berdasarkan alasan tersebut, peneliti bertujuan untuk memberikan tindakan berupa arahan dan pendampingan kepada guru-guru sekolah dasar Gugus 1 di Kecamatan Kedungkandang Kota Malang tentang pengimplementasian pendekatan TPACK melalui model-model pembelajaran yang membudayakan untuk merdeka belajar di sekolah.
Prevalence and transmission of leaf crinkle disease infecting urdbean in Tamil Nadu
Authors:   Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore641 003, TKS Latha , T Priyanga ,   Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore641 003, S Rajamanickam ,   Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore641 003, T Ramya teja ,   Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore641 003, G Karthikeyan ,   Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore641 003, V Balasubramani ,   2Department of Plant Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore- 641 003, M Raveendran ,   2Department of Plant Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore- 641 003, K Prabakar ,   Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore641 003
Published: June 2022

Urdbean leaf crinkle disease (ULCD) caused by an ungrouped virus is a destructive and serious disease of urdbean(Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper). Urdbean is commonly infected by leaf crinkle disease and is distinguished by the symptoms of extreme crinkling, curling, puckering, rugosity of leaves, stunting of plants and malformation of floral organs. An intensive survey was conductedduring the year of2018-2019 in major blackgram growing districts of Tamil Nadu viz., Pudukkottai, Tiruchirappalli,Villupuram, Tenkasiand Coimbatore. The highest disease incidence was recorded in Pudukkottai (24.95%) and lowest incidence was recorded in Coimbatore (17.89%).The transmission of ULCD by seed sprout abrasion and sap inoculation methods was 70.59% and 63.30% respectively. The transmission of ULCD by infected seeds was ranging from 71.89 to 83.62%.
Impact of various PCOS phenotypes on oocyte competence in an ART cycle
Authors: Namita Jain , Sonia Malik , Ved Prakash
Published: June 2022

Introduction: PCOS is a common cause of female infertility. Although PCOS patients are characterized by producing an increased number of oocytes, they are often of poor quality, leading to lower fertilization, cleavage, and implantation and higher miscarriage rates. Aims: The present study aims to identify the effect of various PCOS phenotypes on oocyte competence in an ART cycle. Settings and design: A retrospective observational study. Methods and material: The study group included 102 women with PCOS as a main cause of infertility. Data was collected over a period of one year (2017-18). These women were divided into four groups on basis of PCOS phenotypes (A-D) and the relevant clinical data and the ART outcome were noted. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS statistical package. Data presented as mean ± SD which was compared using the ANOVA test. A p - value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 102 PCOS women, 23.52% women had phenotype A, 11.76% had phenotype B, and 45.09% and 19.60% had phenotype C & D respectively. Good quality embryos formed (p - value 0.01) were lower in Group B vs. other groups. However, clinical pregnancy rates were comparable in all groups. Conclusion: The reproductive potential of women with PCOS varies with the oocyte health and it largely depends on PCOS phenotype. Women with PCOS phenotype B might have poor IVF/ICSI outcomes with regard to the number of oocytes retrieved and embryos formed. PCO morphology might carry an advantage with regards to the number of oocytes retrieved and better quality embryos. It seems that hyperandrogenism in combination with chronic anovulation is associated with poor oocyte competence and hence, a negative impact on embryo quality and clinical pregnancy rate. Further studies with a larger sample size are required to further support it. Key messages: Oocyte competence in various PCOS phenotypes.
Effect of mining tailing waste on properties of cement stabilized black cotton soil
Authors: Aliyu Abubakar  , Ibrahim Ikara Abdulkarim  , Sa’eed Yusuf Umar
Published: June 2022

In most cases, not all available materials for road construction do meet the nominal requirements, as such; stabilization becomes necessary. This study presents the results of a laboratory experiments carried out to assess the effect of mining tailing waste (MTW) as an admixture to ordinary Portland cement (OPC) stabilized Black Cotton Soil (BCS). The MTW was obtained from a tin mining site in Bukuru, Jos South LGA of Plateau State, Nigeria, while the BCS was obtained along Kanawa-Jauro-Gotel road, in Yemaltu-Deba, Gombe, Nigeria. The specimens were prepared by admixing the four blends of OPC stabilized BCS (using 0, 4, 6, and 8% OPC) with stepped percentage of MTW(0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%) by dry weight of BCS. Atterberg’s limits, Sieve analysis, Compaction, soaked California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) test were carried out on the natural and stabilized BCS. The BCS classifies A – 7 – 6 (40) and CH (high plasticity clay) according to the American Association of State Highway and Transport Officials (AASHTO M 145-2012) and the Unified Soil Classification System (ASTM D 2487-2011), respectively. Addition of MTW to OPC stabilized BCS affected the compaction characteristics and improved both the soaked CBR, and the UCS. The optimum blend was achieved with 20% MTW admixed to BCS stabilized with 8% OPC which gave a 4-days soaked CBR value of 35% and a 7 days cured UCS value of 1273 kN/m2. This satisfies the sub-base requirements of the Nigerian general specifications. Thus, this study recommends the use of 20% MTW with 8% OPC for BCS stabilization.
Qualitative phytochemical screening and in vitro thrombolytic activity of Capparis decidua Edgew. Fruit
Authors: Bhavika Kunwar  , Vartika Jain  , Surendra Kumar Verma
Published: June 2022

Abnormal thrombosis plays an important role in development of ischemic heart disease and stroke. Synthetic thrombolytic agents are effective but possess some adverse effects. Therefore, the need for development of comparatively safer anti-thrombotic drugs from natural resources such as plants arises. Capparis decidua Edgew. (Family – Capparaceae) is a densely branched, xerophytic shrub and grows abundantly in arid and semiarid regions. Its fruits are major ingredient of the popular ‘Panchkuta’ vegetable of Rajasthan and also used to prepare pickle. Caper fruits are recommended for treatment of several diseases in traditional medicine including cardiac ailments and shown antioxidant and hypolipidemic potential in scientific studies and therefore, fruits of C. decidua were evaluated for their in vitro thrombolytic potential for the first time. Preliminary qualitative phytochemical screening of fruits of C. decidua; purchased from local market of Udaipur has shown the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, phenol, phlobatanin, amino acids and carbohydrates and absence of saponin, tannins, steroids and cardiac glycosides. A significant percent clot lysis activity of 23.16±1.26 and 32.39±2.10 was exhibited by methanolic extracts (ME-I and ME-II) of fruits of C. decidua respectively as compared to the positive control streptokinase and negative control as distilled water. However, characterization of bioactive anti-thrombotic molecules as well as large scale, clinical studies is warranted to establish in vivo thrombolytic efficacy of its fruits. Thrombolytic potential of Caper berries as observed in the present study could be useful to recommend its consumption as a dietary health supplement in order to prevent from thrombotic cardiovascular diseases.
Protective effect of Alchornea cordifilia leaf extract on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in Wistar rats
Authors: Omeodu SI  , Aleme BM  , Akoko S  , Uahomo PO
Published: June 2022

The effect of aqueous extract of the leaves of Alchornea cordifolia on Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver damage was investigated in experimental rats. Treatment of separate groups of rats with 100mg/kg, 150mg/kg and 200mg/kg aqueous leaf extracts of Alchornea cordifolia for 2 weeks after establishment of CCl4 induced liver damage, resulted in significantly (P<0.05) less hepatotoxicity when compared to the CCl4-induced group, as measured by serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities. The effect of extract was statistically significant (P<0.05) and was dose dependent. Histopathological study also showed significant reduction and even reversal of liver damage in the rats. The results of this study show that aqueous leaf extract of Alchornea cordifolia has a potent anti-hepatotoxic action against CCl4 induced liver damage in rats.
Implementation of interactive voice response voting system using wireless communication
Authors: Gbenga Ayodeji Gbotoso  , Abayomi Olukayode Ajayi  , Oluwatosin Abayomi Ademodi  , Olufemi Sobowale Soneye  , Oluwole Olakunle Green  , Ibrahim Oluwaseun Kadiri
Published: June 2022

Recently, information technology has greatly impacted positively in all aspects of life, which actually with proven facts to a large extent, includes politics. The most recent method which is being adopted is the electronic voting (E-voting) system which is based on the use of mobile phone by the voters. To develop more on the electronic voting system, a secured and reliable e-voting system was put in place. This system protects the privacy of the voter, which is user friendly and can be used anywhere in the world with internet coverage during the time of election. A voice interactive voting system using the global system mobile device was developed with implementation of a dual tone multiple frequency (DTMF) decoder which makes the whole system interactive. The method adopted in this research work was the use of a program written in c-language and a microcontroller to control the whole process of voting based on DTMF technology. This method was use to overcome the problem involve in the use of paper ballots. This development came about as a result of the outcome of a study of the electoral process carried out in the electoral commission of Nigeria. Two data-bases would be created by the database administrator; the first is to keep a record of the voter’s information and the second database will have information about the election parties.
EVALUATION OF TRIAGE AND GLASGOW COMA SCALE FINDINGS IN CATS IN TRAUMA EMERGENCIES
Authors: PINAR Oğuzhan , ARICAN Mustafa
Published: June 2022

Kedilerde gözlenen travmalar ve bu travmalara bağlı oluşabilecek patolojik durumların hayvan travma triaj skoru (ATT) ve modifiye Glasgow koma skoru skalaları (MGCS) kullanılarak, önceden anlaşılması ve bunlara yönelik hazırlık aşaması, hastanın prognozu ve objektif değerlendirilme sonuçlarının ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma materyalini Veteriner Fakültesi Cerrahi Anabilim Dalı Kliniği’ne 2020-2021 yılları arasında 10 aylık periyotta travma nedeniyle getirilen çeşitli yaş, ırk ve cinsiyetteki 30 kedi oluşturdu. Olguların yaş ortalamaları 6 ay ile 2 yıl arasındadır. İskelet sistemi ve nörolojik sistemleri değerlendirilerek MGCS ve ATT skorlarına bakıldı. Klinik, radyolojik, ultrasonografik muayeneleri ve kan gaz analizleri yapıldı. Skorlama sistemi bulgularına göre 30 kedinin; 6 tanesi yeşil kod (% 20) 14 tanesi sarı kod (% 46.6), 10 tanesi kırmızı kod (% 33.3) ile triaj renk kodlaması yapılmıştır. Otuz kedinin ATT puan dağılımı; % 3,3’ ünün 0 puana, %6,6’sının 1 puana, %23,3’ünün 2 puana, %33,3’ünün 3 puana, %6,6’sının 4 puana, %13,3’ünün 5 puana, %3,3’ünün 6 puana, %6,6’sının 8 puana ve %3,3’ünün 12 puana sahip olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Kedilerde lezyonların dağılımı; 20 olguda yüksekten düşme, 4 olguda trafik kazası, 3 olguda ısırılmaya bağlı olduğu belirlenirken, 3 olguda neden bilinmemektedir. Kedilerde problemlerin dağılımı ise; 3 tibia , 6 femur, 2 humerus, 2 phalanx, 2 hernia diyaphramatica, 5 sacroiliac luksasyonu, 1 calcaneus luksasyonu, 2 antebrachium, 2 vertebra hasarı, 1 multiple coxae kırığı, 1 metatarsus kırığı, 2 yumuşak doku zedelenmesi ve 2 olguda yara oluşumu şeklinde belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak modifiye Glasgow koma skalası ve hayvan travma triaj skorlaması hekime prognoz yönünden yararlı olacağı ve hastayı daha objektif değerlendirmeyi sağladığı belirlenmiştir.
Korelasi Pengetahuan Gizi Ibu dengan Kejadian Stunting Balita di Puskesmas Sawan 1 Bali
Authors: ERNY ERNY , INDAH RIKA , SOEKANTO AYLY
Published: June 2022

S
Latar Belakang: Stunting adalah kelainan gizi kronis yang disebabkan oleh banyak faktor dan berdampak jangka Panjang. Penyebab sangat beragam dan harus diidentifikasi untuk menentukan tatalaksana. Pengetahuan ibu balita tentang gizi merupakan salah satu faktor yang memegang peranan penting untuk mencegah dan mengatasi stunting.
Metode: penelitian kuantitatif analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang untuk mencari korelasi antara pengetahuan ibu balita tentang gizi dan kejadian stunting pada balita di puskesmas Sawan 1 Buleleng Bali.
Hasil penelitian : p-value 0,007, yang berarti ada hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di Puskesmas Sawan 1 Kabupaten Buleleng Provinsi Bali.
Kesimpulan: pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi balita sangat berkorelasi dengan kejadian stunting balita di puskesmas Sawan 1 buleleng bali
Making buildings green
Authors: Notaro Teresa
Published: June 2022

Sustainable buildings are low impact elements in the world heritage. There is a biunivocal relation between the building renewal and the energy efficiency; in other words, it is necessary the former for obtaining the latter, and vice versa. In this research, the word "knowledge" gains two meanings: the first is related to the analysis of local resources and building constraints; the second, then, is to know the materials with which the technical solutions are designed. In order to ensure valid data, the numerical simulation represents a further step which takes into consideration variable climatic loads and different conditions of use.
The courtyards restoration in the Compact city: the case study of the Ensanche in Barcelona
Authors: Tulisi Andrea
Published: June 2022

The hypothesis advanced in this research is that the courtyards can reconfigure themselves as nodes of a "lymphatic system" supporting the circulatory one made by roads and public open spaces. The verification of this hypothesis was carried out through a field survey on the case study of the Ensanche, a district of Barcelona. It represents a case of particular interest because the recovery of the courtyards as public spaces has been the engine of the regeneration of an entire neighborhood.
Smart Mediterranean Neighbourhood: the adaptation of a contextualized strategy
Authors: Verde Francesca
Published: June 2022

The smart approach to the built environment transformation is probably the most innovative strategy to join the technological solutions and the environmental conscious behaviour by developing effective and efficient actions. The smart neighbourhood actions are different from framed top-down policies but they are mostly characterized by dynamism, in terms of time and space variables. The research shows how, through this smart strategy, is possible to develop several human sized actions able to fit properly in the way they are structured to grow.
Insulating materials in Italian modern construction: techniques and experimentation in the colonies (1925-1940)
Authors: Bertolazzi Angelo , Croatto Giorgio , Turrini Umberto
Published: June 2022

Italian colonial settlements (1870-1940) have provided the territories in which to experiment modern materials and construction techniques, in particular ready-built and standardized solutions, in African difficult climatic and logistic settings. This work focuses on the experimental employment of insulating (Eraclit, Cel-Bes) materials on light metal-frames in Italian colonies. Its object is to trace back the development of such construction techniques through case studies published in contemporary technical reviews and handbooks, underlining the mutual relationship between experimentation and industrialization, between theory and construction practice.
The role of semantic enrichment in Building Information Modelling
Authors: Simeone Davide , Cursi Stefano
Published: June 2022

In current application of Building Information Modelling to building design processes, two main limits have emerged: 1) restricted representation spectrum and 2) inefficiency in supporting collaboration because of the low-level semantics shared among the actors. The objective of this paper is to provide a conceptual framework about these two relevant aspects of collaboration in BIM methodology, as well as to demonstrate the necessity of moving from modelling approaches based on information to innovative representation systems based on knowledge.
Innovative methods on territorial vulnerability study for the preparation of emergency plans
Authors: Castelluccio Roberto , Pascale Federica , Fumo Marina , Polverino Francesco
Published: June 2022

In recent years, we have witnessed natural events that have had impressive effects on the city and its inhabitants, highlighting a great vulnerability of the territories. In this context, the National Civil Protection has forced local administrations to adopt an Emergency Plan based on risk analysis. The proposed contribution illustrates the application of an innovative methodology that focuses, for the estimation of the vulnerability, on the urban / construction analysis and the operation of emergency health care facilities.
Evaluation of innovative thermal insulation systems for a sustainable envelope
Authors: Colajanni Simona , De Vecchi Antonio
Published: June 2022

The paper presents the results of the research on thermal insulation systems for the building casing. We present the results of computer simulations that have enabled us to verify and optimize the transmission of heat through several innovative insulation systems, such as vacuum solutions for transparent façades, or the possibilities offered by the recycling of waste material of Opunthia Ficus Indica (prickly pear) pruning, which, properly treated, allowed to obtain an insulating material (Patent n. 1402131), in the form of panels or bulk grains (thermal coefficient values 0.0710.057 W/mK).