bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MICROBIAL BIOREMOVAL OF DIVALENT TOXIC METALS
Authors: Bida Iryna , Havryliuk Olesia , Hovorukha Vira , Gladka Galyna , Tashyrev Oleksandr
Published: June 2023

The problems of polymetallic wastewater treatment from mining enterprises as well as the accumulation of organic waste are acute worldwide. The application of any existing methods of wastewater purification is ineffective and impossible due to the huge volumes and high concentrations of metals. Similarly, modern methods are ineffective for the treatment of huge amounts of organic waste. Therefore, there is a necessity to develop novel environmental biotechnologies providing the simultaneous degradation of organic waste and detoxification of toxic metals. The purpose of the work was to theoretically substantiate and experimentally confirm the possibility of toxic divalent cations removal using dissimilatory sulfate reduction via anaerobic fermentation of ecologically hazardous model organic waste. Colorimetric and potentiometric methods were used for pH and redox potential measurement; volumetric and chromatographic methods – to control volume and composition of synthesized gas; permanganate method – to determine the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC); photocolorimetric method via the qualitative reaction with Nessler’s reagent was used to determine the concentration of ammonium ions. The Co2+ and Ni2+ content in medium was determined by a colorimetric method with 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol (PAR). Fermentation parameters were calculated with the use of mathematical and statistical ones. Modified Postgate B medium with different sources of carbon and energy (potatoes, alanine, and meat) was used for cultivation of dissimilatory sulfate reducing bacteria. The anaerobic microbiome obtained from the sludge of methane tanks showed high efficiency to remove Co2+ and Ni2+ from the liquid medium. The highest efficiency (100% in 9 days) was observed when alanine was used as a source of carbon and energy. The slowest metal precipitation process occurred using meat (20 days). Also, the use of a protein substrate did not provide the expected alkalinization of the medium, which could significantly accelerate the process of metal precipitation. The precipitation of cobalt and nickel cations during the hydrogen fermentation of potato starch was complicated by acidification of the medium, but it was equally effective when the pH was adjusted. The proposed approach, the slow dissimilatory sulfate reduction, due to the sparingly soluble calcium sulfate as electron acceptor, can be used as a basis for the development of new biotechnologies for the treatment of wastewater contaminated with divalent heavy metals with the simultaneous treatment of ecologically hazardous compounds.
CELLULOLYTIC MICROORGANISMS: AEROBIC, MICROAEROPHILIC, ANAEROBIC BACTERIA AND MICROBIAL CONSORTIA (Part II)
Authors: Gocheva Yana , Dimitrova Lyudmila , Hubenov Venelin , Kabaivanova Lyudmila , Angelov Plamen , Simeonov Ivan , Najdenski Hristo
Published: June 2023

In nature, cellulose, lignocellulose and lignin are major sources of plant biomass therefore their recycling is indispensable for the carbon cycle. The synergistic action of a variety of microorganisms is needed for recycling lignocellulosic materials. The capacities of microorganisms to assimilate complex carbohydrates, such as cellulose,
hemicellulose and lignin, depend on the ability to produce the enzymes that work synergically. Populations growing in compost piles consist mainly of bacteria (including actinobacteria) and fungi. Polymers such as hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin are only degraded once the more easily degradable compounds have been consumed. Afterwards, the lignocellulosic materials are partly transformed into humus. In the present review, numerous studies on the isolation of cellulose-degrading bacteria and fungi, their identification, enzymatic activities, and their ability to grow in the
presence of lignocellulose and components of these industrial waste streams (phenolic compounds, sulfides, and dyes are analyzed and discussed. This is of particular interest to design future studies to isolate those bacteria that can specifically degrade cellulose matrix and more recalcitrant components such as lignin and aromatic lignin degradation products. Cultivation and characterization of microorganisms alone is not adequate without preservation techniques that do not alter the morphology, physiology or genetics of pure strains. Careful preservation is imperative for future research, teaching and industrial applications.
METHODOLOGY FOR A KINEMATIC MODEL OF SEISMIC EARLY WARNING SYSTEM ABOUT CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors: Ranguelov Boyko , Mardirosian Garo
Published: June 2023

The destructive earthquakes generated huge losses and human victims. As for the moment the time of impending strong seismic event is unpredictable, during the last years – new global innovation is under development – the seismic early warning systems (SEWS). All of them signalize the population and/or governmental bodies and after the earthquake starts just providing information that the seismic event is fact, to expect stronger shakings and some very fast measures to be performed – for example NPP’s reactors stop, as well as superfast trains, chemical production, gas and oil pipeline disconnection, etc. In lucky cases some people can react (especially in the areas of low buildings) and to evacuate effective in the time domain of few seconds, thus saving their lives. Such system is in operation in Japan since 2007 and some other countries also develop their own SEWS. The present investigation is targeted to the methodology development of so called kinematic SEWS. They are using a fundamental property of the body seismic waves P and S. As it is well known from the theory, the P-waves are faster and less destructive than S-waves. This property gives the possibility to use the detection of the P waves as important signal that after a while (the time domain depends on the distance between the seismic source and the investigated site) the slower (1.41 times) more destructive S waves will arrive and struck the infrastructure. Our previous experience of the developed SEWS (for example for Baku and Venice) gives the possibility to upgrade the modeling methodology extending to the formalized algorithm and accuracy estimations, especially for the critical infrastructure (for example NPP).
CARBON MATERIALS FROM WASTE BIOMASS AS ANTI-BACTERIAL AIR FILTERS
Authors: Georgiev Georgi , Hubenov Venelin , Stoycheva Ivanka , Eneva Rumyana , Petrova Bilyana , Szeluga Urszula , Pusz Slawomira , Belcheva Marieta , Tsyntsarski Boyko
Published: June 2023

Carbon materials from almond shells were developed for the adsorption of microorganisms from air. Samples were processed by means of a one-step process – high-temperature hydro-pyrolysis. Studies were carried out in a wide temperature range of 600-900 °C. As a result, carbonates with predominant micro- and mesopores were obtained. The samples were impregnated with zinc, silver, iron and copper 5% by weight. The obtained samples were characterized by XDR, BET, scanning electron spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The final products are distinguished by a moderate surface and the presence of nanosized metal particles. The antibacterial properties of the activated carbon composites were examined using standard methodology under dynamic contact conditions and Escherichia coli K12 as test microorganism. All tested composite materials exhibit strong antibacterial properties after 48 h of contact with microbial cells. Thus the application of these materials in filtering system will be possible solution for successful reduction of microbial cell number. It is assumed that a similar effect can be achieved in an air environment.
Frequency of Salivary Human Cytomegalovirus in Iraqi Patients with Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Al-Alousi Hind W.
Published: June 2023

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease which is initiated by an infection of the oral microorganisms and it involves the humoral and cellular characteristics of the host response. The periodontal disease is found to develop due to a series of interactions among the periodontotrophic herpes viruses, the periodontopathic bacteria and the host immune reactions.Recent studies have demonstrated that various human viruses, especially human cytomegalovirus seems to play a part in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Periodontitis is an infectious disease involving specific bacteria and viruses.Objectives: The present study was initiated to evaluate the percentage of human cytomegalovirus in periodontitis patients and determine the correlation between levels of human cytomegalovirus IgG and each of plaque index, gingival index and oral hygiene.Subjects and Methods: Thirty five periodontitis patients and eighteen healthy control subjects were included in this study. Saliva samples were taken from all subjects (patients and healthy). Salivary IgG agianst human cytomegalovirus was estimated by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Results: The current study showed that the frequency of human cytomegalovirus in chronic periodontitis patients was significantly higher than in healthy control group p<0.05. On the other hand the current study failed to observe any significant correlation between salivary IgG and each of plaque index and gingival index, whereas higher significant correlation was observed with oral hygiene, (P<0.05).Conclusion: Findings of the present study suggest that the frequent present of human cytomegalovirus in saliva of chronic periodontitis patients could have a crucial role in development of this disease.
Homestasis Model Assessment–Adiponectin ratio and Adiponectin –Resistin index as markers of insulin resistance in type 2diabetes mellitus
Authors: Khalid Hameed Ikhlas , Rashid Nada F. , Abed Baydaa A.
Published: June 2023

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is an important clinical and biochemical determinant of diabetes and many other clinical states. The gold standard method for IR estimation is the hyperinsulinemic euglycaemic glucose clamp. Adiponectin and resistin are adipocytes derived hormones that play important role in the regulation of glucose, fat metabolism and insulin resistance.Objective: this study aimed to assess the validity of Homestasis Model Assessment–Adiponectin ratio and Adiponectin –Resistin index as markers of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients.Design: Ninety (T2DM) overweight male subjects were enrolled in this cross sectional study, detailed history, physical examination and anthropometric measures including BMI, waist, and hip circumference were done to all the participants. Fasting serum samples were obtained and used for the measurement of serum glucose, serum triglyceride, high density lipoprotein(HDL),very low density lipoprotein(VLDL),HbA1c ,also serum insulin, adiponectin ,resistin were measured and HOMA-IR, HOMA-AD and AR-index were calculated.SPSS-17 was used to analyze the data.Results: AR-index correlates significantly with FSG, Fasting Insulin and HOMA-IR (r =0.534.p=0.005), (r=0.545, p=0.005), (r=0.506, p=0.008) respectively HOMA-AD correlates with FSG (R=0.551, P=0.001), insulin (P=0.956,p=0.000),HOMA-IR(r =0.952, p=0.000). AUC for AR-index (0.800) and for HOMA-AD (0.905).Conclusions: HOMA-AD and AR-index are reliable and valid measures for the assessment of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients.
Mitochondrial Activity of the Locally Established Rat Embryo Fibroblast Cell Line Through Different Passages
Authors: Kadhim Husam Al-Deen M .
Published: June 2023

Background: Mitochondria are the cell’s powerhouse, the site where the vast majority of ATP is synthesized. Mitochondrial activity represent a central checkpoint for detection of the difference between cancer cells and normal cells at the metabolic profile.Objective: To find out if there is a correlation between in vitro transformation and mitochondrial activity, by measuring the activity during clonal evolution of the locally established rat embryo fibroblast (REF) cell line throughout studying different passages.Materials & Methods: The (REF) cell line, was in vitro cultured. Mitochondria were isolated by differential centrifugation following Mitochondria Isolation Kit. Enzymatic activity of intact mitochondria has been measured using Cytochrome C Oxidase Activity Assay Kit. The decrease in absorbance at 550nm as horse heart ferrocytochrome c was oxidized has been monitored.Results: Depending on the conducted colorimetric assay, cytochrome c oxidase activity was measured, for the three different passages (42, 72 and 91) of REF cell line. At 550 nm, spectral data were valued (0.247, 0.723 and 1.318) unit/ml for three passages of REF cells (42, 72 and 91) respectively.Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between the mitochondrial activity and the age (passage number) for these in vitro cultured cells. These variations probably due to the transformational events that have been occurred during long-term continuous subculture
Supply Chain and Digital Transformation of the Tire Manufacturing Company during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of PT. X
Authors: Handojo Putro Andre Susilo , Santoso Adhi Setyo
Published: June 2023

Since COVID-19 has been on the rise since 2020, many facets of our lives have changed and been touched, including the radically upended economic situations. To combat COVID-19, governments and health officials everywhere have enacted laws requiring the use of protective gear like gloves, masks, and hand sanitizers. Compared to earlier pandemics like the Spanish Flu in 1918 and Ebola in 2014, the effects on the entire world are more severe now. The automotive manufacturing industry, including its derivative business such as tire manufacturing, as one of the business activities, is also dealing with difficulties, as is seen from the drop in production and sales volume. During lockdowns, they were forced to scale back or stop their retail sales and production, which cost them money. By implementing supply chain and digital transformation for business continuity, this research intends to assess the problems and make recommendations for solutions that will allow these firms to thrive in the face of uncertainty. The transition is anticipated to alter how companies deal with customers and bring everyone involve d’s health procedures into line.
ABC Group's Business Continuity Based on Uncertainty Analysis
Authors: Tantono William , Santoso Adhi Setyo
Published: June 2023

This paper aims to ensure the business continuity of ABC Group by proposing a concept for changing the business model based on uncertainty analysis. The study suggests making changes in technology security and environmental product research and development to support the success of new business model designs. To ensure business continuity, the project proposes the following changes: diversifying greener product offerings, strengthening cybersecurity measures, developing disaster recovery plans, monitoring and managing reputation, adapting to changing business environments, and more. A project plan is proposed to implement these changes, including phases such as scoping, planning, execution, monitoring and control, and completion. By implementing these changes, ABC Group will be able to become more resilient to external uncertainties and ensure long-term business continuity.
Strategies for retaining customers: How PT ABC can maintain its position as the laboratory of choice
Authors: Febrian Lintang Arum , Santoso Adhi Setyo
Published: June 2023

PT ABC (alias name), an Indonesian state-owned enterprise, offers inspection, testing, certification, and consultancy services. Being a well-established company, PT ABC encounters challenges in a highly competitive global market. To stay competitive and foster growth, PT ABC must develop new services, expand its international presence, and embrace new technologies. Additionally, diversifying revenue streams by entering new markets and establishing partnerships with other companies can prove advantageous. However, implementing these changes necessitates a well-designed change management process that involves effective communication, strong leadership, and meticulous planning and execution. By successfully implementing a change management process, PT ABC can sustain its competitiveness, deliver high-quality services to its customers, and expand its market reach and revenue streams.
HUBUNGAN VOLUME KONSUMSI HARIAN MINUMAN RINGAN DENGAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH PADA REMAJA
Authors: Oktariza Rury Tiara , Liani Ledyah Meri , Suarni Ertati , Rosita Yanti , Indriyani Indriyani
Published: June 2023

Salah satu faktor risiko obesitas pada remaja adalah konsumsi minuman ringan yang tinggi sehingga menimbulkan ketidakseimbangan asupan gizi. Kandungan pemanis berkalori tinggi dalam minum ringan diyakini menyebabkan peningkatan indeks massa tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan volume konsumsi harian minuman ringan dengan indeks masa tubuh (IMT) pada remaja. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross-sectional di SMK Muhammadiyah Palembang. Sampel peneltian didapatkan melalui consecutive sampling. Wawancara dilakukan untuk mendapatkan volume konsumsi harian minuman ringan dan dilakukan pengukuran tinggi badan, berat badan serta penghitungan IMT. Hasil penelitian dari 78 responden didapatkan volume konsumsi minuman ringan paling banyak ?500 ml (79,5%) dan status gizi paling banyak adalah normal (74,4%). Analisis statistik dengan Fisher’s Exact test dan tingkat kepercayaan 95% menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara volume konsumsi harian minuman ringan dengan IMT (p=0,003). Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan edukasi kepada remaja untuk mengurangi konsumsi minuman ringan untuk menghindari kejadian obesitas di kemudian hari.
Faktor yang mempengaruhi Negleted Fracture pada pasien yang memilih treatment bone setter di RSUD H.M Rabain, Muara Enim pada Januari 2021 – Desember 2022.
Authors: Kusbari Fahrurido , Sitompul Doli Mauliate
Published: June 2023

Kejadian kecelakaan yang meningkat menjadi salah satu penyebab fraktur di Indonesia. Namun masyarakat Indonesia lebih memilih pengobatan fraktur ke bone setter sehingga terjadi peningkatan kasus Neglected Fracture. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui faktor terbanyak pasien memilih pengobatan alternatif ke bone setter dan durasi penanganan fraktur yang tidak dilakukan secara medis. Penelitan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan desain potong lintang. Seluruh pasien patah tulang yang sudah melakukan pengobatan alternatif dukun tulang yang datang ke Poli Orthopaedi RSUD H.M Rabain Muara Enim pada Januari 2021 – Desember 2022 yang masuk kriteria inklusi dengan total sampling sebanyak 17 orang. Sebanyak 30% pasien neglected fracture berusia 46-55 tahun dan sisanya adalah pasien yang lebih muda. Pasien yang memilih pengobatan ke bone setter beralasan sebanyak 40% atas rekomendasi keluarga, dan masing-masing 30% akibat takut operasi dan membutuhkan biaya yang mahal. Sebanyak 66% pasien melakukan pengobatan ke bone setter selama 3 minggu – 3 bulan sebelum akhirnya mereka berobat ke fasilitas medis lanjutan. Keterlambatan dalam pengobatan sering kali karena alasan rekomendasi keluarga, biaya pengobatan dan takut untuk di operasi sehingga menyebabkan pasien pergi ke pengobatan alternatif bone setter dan menyebabkan angka kejadian neglected fracture meningkat.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP DISIPLIN KERJA PEGAWAI PADA DEPUTI BIDANG PENGEMBANGAN PEMUDA DI KEMENTERIAN PEMUDA DAN OLAHRAGA
Authors: Rahayu Rahayu , Nasution Henny Delisda
Published: June 2023

This study is intended to determine the extent to which leadership style and motivation affect the work discipline of Deputy Youth Development employees at the Ministry of Youth and Sports. The research method used is a survey research method with data collection techniques through a questionnaire. A sample of 115 employees was obtained using the sample collection method through the saturated sample method. Data collection is done by collecting primary data through distributing questionnaires and taking secondary data sources through books, literature, internet and lecture materials. Multavariate Structural Equation Model (SEM) technique was used in this study to analyze data statistically. The results showed that the leadership style and motivation variables had a significant influence on the employee work discipline variables.
PENGARUH PROGRAM SERTIFIKASI DAN KOMPETENSI GURU TERHADAP KINERJA GURU
Authors: Franky Franky , Savira Rachima
Published: June 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of the Teacher Certification Program and Teacher Competence on Teacher Performance in SMP Negeri Kebon Jeruk District, West Jakarta City. The research method used is a quantitative method with a verification research approach and uses a qualitative associative paradigm. The sample was taken using proportionate stratified random sampling technique of 74 teachers from a population of 277 teachers, while the research data collection instrument for each variable was using a questionnaire. The results of the research analysis obtained were that the influence between the Teacher Certification Program (X1) and Teacher Competence (X2) with Teacher Performance (Y) had a Pearson product moment correlation figure of 0.798 or 63.7% which was shown in the regression equation Ŷ = 8.818 + 0.152 X1 + 0.734 X2. The coefficient of determination of 0.798 indicates that the Teacher Certification Program (X1) and Teacher Competence (X2) contributed 63.7% to Teacher Performance (Y) in SMP Negeri Kebon Jeruk District, West Jakarta City.
TRANSFORMASI PERAN STRATEGI PEMASARAN DALAM MEWUJUDKAN MINAT BELI
Authors: Marwan Jubery
Published: June 2023

The transformation of marketing role strategy through social media is very decisive. This technology raises the views and mindset of society radically, whereas the society is very dependent on the technology used. On the other way, producers have their own views on the involvement of social media in influencing people's purchase intentionin possible ways. Through the role of public figures or celebrities, promotion through social media can increase consumer purchase intention. This study aims to analyze the transformation of the role of marketing strategy in realizing consumer purchase intention. The sampling method used quantitative methods with a sample of 98 culinary tourism doer. Where the entire population is used as a sample.  The results of the analysis show there is an influence of marketing strategy on purchase intentionthrough celebrity endorsement variable.
STRATEGI PEMETAAN KUALITAS SDM DALAM MENUNJANG DESTINASI WISATA DI PULAU TIDUNG, KEPULAUAN SERIBU DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Franky Franky
Published: June 2023

This study aims to provide direction or guidance for a strategy of mapping the quality of human resources to develop the tourist destinations of the Tidung island in the Thousand Islands. Human resources have a central role and responsibility in developing each line of business, including in the tourism sector. The tourism sector demands the fulfillment of the quality of human resources with scientific competence, strategies and skills. This study uses a qualitative method with secondary data sources. Data analysis using descriptive analysis method or library research on several studies. Sources of data were collected through literature studies, statistical reports, discussions, and researcher elaborations. The results of this study are strategies to improve the quality of human resources, which are divided into two elements, namely governance and professional elements. In the governance element, programs are carried out to improve the quality of human resources through the possession of adequate competencies and networking. Whereas the professional element consisting of business owners and staff, tourism management, inclusive management, and certification as well. An English language and using technology skills as added value are developed. If human resources on the island of Tidung are equipped with the above study, then the development of tourist destinations on the island of Tidung, Thousand Islands can be realized optimally.
PENGARUH KUALITAS LAYANAN, CITRA MEREK, KEPERCAYAAN DAN BAURAN PEMASARAN WEB TERHADAP LOYALITAS
Authors: Rahayu Rahayu
Published: June 2023

The DKI Government is trying to increase the number of visitors to the Thousand Islands tourist by increasing various facilities and infrastructure through online and of line services.To get to know about the performance of Wisata kepulauan seribu pulau Untung Jawa the hypotheses that need to be answer are (1) the influence of service quality toward loyalty (2) the influence of brand image toward loyalty (3) the influence of trust toward loyalty and (4) the influence of web marketing mix toward loyalty. The study design used is a combination of verificative statistic and descriptive statistic, while research method used is survey approach, data are collected questionnaire with a total  of  150 respondents Untung Jawa tourists. Sampling technique is done by purpose sampling . The method of analysis uses descriptive statistic average, and SEM method by using software Lisrel . The result show on the descriptive analysis toward the variable used is positive and some are negative. The SEM result analysis toward the hypothesis test based on imphirical data of 4 hypotheses proven are service quality is proven to be significantly influence loyalty , brand image is proven to be significantly influence loyalty and trust is proven to be significantly influence loyalty , and web  marketing mix is proven to be significantly influence loyalty .
KEUNGGULAN PERAN EXPERIENTIAL MARKETING DALAM MENCIPTAKAN CONSUMER SATISFACTION
Authors: Marwan Jubery
Published: June 2023

The superiority of the role of experiential marketing in creating consumer satisfaction is largely determined by the role of celebrity endorsement and word of mouth in the equation format of the research model. the role of celebrity endorsement and word of mouth in advertising to build product/service introductions in understanding the functions and characteristics of products/services. An endorser is selected from a reference group who is considered to have the ability to serve as a role model for the target market so that apart from acting as an information provider, he communicates the value features of the product/service benefits through the application of media technology but can also persuade consumers to make a purchase. On the other hand, word of mouth plays a role in disseminating product/service information massively through social media such as YouTube, WhatsApp, Line, Google, Facebook, and other applications on devices connected to other internet connections, and forming a network (buzzer) that can create customer satisfaction. Because word of mouth activities are based on a person's experience in consuming a pleasant product or service. This research method uses a quantitative approach and is included in the type of explanatory research sourced from the results of the analysis of processed primary data. Data was obtained through a survey by distributing questionnaires using a Likert scale as an alternative to respondents' answers. The analysis of the model equation using path analysis aims to test and analyze the advantages of the role of experiential marketing in creating consumer satisfaction through celebrity endorsement and word of mouth as intervening variables. The results of the analysis show that; 1) The experiential marketing variable has a significant positive effect on celebrity endorsement and word of mouth; 2) The role of experiential marketing variables is proven to be able to create consumer satisfaction indirectly through celebrity endorsement variables and word of mouth.
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMILIKI KAITAN DENGAN TINGKAT KECENDERUNGAN LOYALITAS GURU DI KUPANG
Authors: Franky Franky , Utama Zahera Mega , Watriningsih Watriningsih
Published: June 2023

This study aims to find dominant factors that influence the level of loyalty of teachers at primary and secondary education levels in the city of Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara. Loyalty is a positive and constructive behavior for the development and progress of every organization. Workers who have high loyalty to their organizational units will make a positive contribution to the growth and development of the company or organization as a whole. This paradigm can also be implemented in the education sector. Teachers who have high loyalty will be the capital in developing school progress. This research uses quantitative methods. The population used is teachers at primary and secondary education who work in the city of Kupang. The number of samples used was 141 teachers. Data collection techniques using purposive sampling method. The analytical method used is Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of this study convey that there are 4 (four) factors that are significant dominant in building the behavior of teacher loyalty to educational institutions, especially in the city of Kupang. These factors are integrity, discipline towards school rules, coworkers, and income or salary.
PERAN KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL DALAM MEMEDIASI STRES KERJA, MOTIVASI KERJA DAN TURNOVER INTENTION TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA PT INDAH KIAT PULP & PAPER Tbk
Authors: Marwan Jubery
Published: June 2023

The main purpose of this research are to test and analyze the role of transformational leadership in mediating work stress, work motivation and turnover intention on employee performance in PT Indah Kiat Pulp Paper Tbk. This research is an explanatory with quantitative approach. This research is done in Pt Indah Kiat Pulp Paper Tbk. Serang regency with using survey method, primary data source that has been tested for its reliability, validity and normality. The population in this research is all of the employee on PT Indah Kiat Pulp Paper Tbk. Serang Regency. Purpossive sampling is used as this research sample selection, Analysis tool that is used is Path Analysis, and specifically used to test hypothesis according to the paradigm of the developed equation model. The research shows that: (1) Work stress variable has a significant effect on Transformational Leadership; (2) Work Motivation Variable has a significant effect on Transformational Leadership; (3) Turnover intention variable has a significant effect on Transformational Leadership; (4) Transformational Leadership Variable Variabel has a significant effect on employee performance; (5) There is positive effect on the Transformational leadership on mediating the effect of work stress and Turnover Intention on employee performance; (6) There is no efeect on Transformational Leadership on mediating the effect of work motivation on employee performance.
KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL , IKLIM BUAYA ORGANISASI MENINGKATKAN KINERJA ORGANISASI PT ADIL MAKMUR
Authors: Rahayu Rahayu
Published: June 2023

PT. Adil Makmur strives to improve organizational performance with various strategies, especially strategies to increase human resources .To get to know about the performance of  PT Adil Makmur  the hypotheses that need to be answer are (1) the influence of  emotional intelligence toward improves   organizational performance  (2)  the influence of  organizational culture climate toward improves  organizational performance.  The study design used is a combination  of verificative statistic and descriptive research. , and data collection survey method with 75 employess of PT Adil Makmur, West Jawa, Indonesia as the  sample by using purpose sampling  technique and the   analisys tool  uses descriptive statistic average, and to answer the  hypotheses analisys tool uses  Sstruktural Eqution Method by using software Lisrel. The  result show on the descriptive analysis toward the variable used is positive and some are negative. The SEM result analysis toward the hypothesis test based on imphirical data of 2 hypotheses proven are  Emotional intelligence    is proven to be significantly influence   improves organizational performance, and organizational culture is proven to be significantly influence     improves  organizational performance
Analytical Method Validation for UV Spectroscopic Assay Method of Trypsin-Chymotrypsin Tablets
Authors: Dinesh Singh  , D. B. Joshi  , R. S. Bhadauria
Published: June 2023

It is internationally recognized that validation is necessary in analytical laboratories. The use of validated methods is important for an analytical laboratory to show its qualification and competency. When analytical method is utilized to generate results about the characteristics of drug related samples it is essential that the results are trustworthy. They may be utilized as the basis for decisions relating to administering the drug to patients. Analytical method validation required during drug development and manufacturing and these analytical methods are fit for their intended purpose. The purpose of this validation is to show that processes involved in the analytical testing can be performed in an effective and reproducible manner. This article provides a good, complete, up-to-date collation of relevant information in the fields of analytical method validation of Trypsin-Chymotrypsin Tablets 50000 AU of  Enzymatic Activity.

Keywords: Analytical method validation, Pharmaceutical analysis, Specificity, Precision, Accuracy.
Chemical extraction of Biodiesel and Parametric analysis of DI-Diesel Engine using Algae esterified Oil-Gasoline Blends
Authors: MURTHY G Panduranga , KUMAR Rajesh
Published: June 2023

Of late, the automobiles of all categories are massively increasing which aggravates the dependency on fossil fuel thus, the accessibility of petro-fuel decreases relentlessly. Under these circumstances, the investigations are taking new dimensions to find alternative, renewable with cost-effective fuel exclusively biofuels. However, a newer approach has been attempted for the production of biodiesel from wild stuff of Spirulina algae which is explored directly in its aquatic systems of the natural environment. The chemical extraction process was attempted with wild biomass of algae via pre-treatment for obtaining promising lipid content then; the algal oil (lipid) was subjected to the production of biodiesel through sequential transesterification reactions. The obtained biodiesel was measured as 94.65% produced from 0.920kg of algal oil extracted out of 1.6kg of algal biomass in a stipulated duration of time (2.50hr) taken for attaining maximum temperature. Further, the produced biodiesel was evaluated for its distinctive properties and the outcomes were compared with ASTM standard specifications. All the results appeared to be within the standards limit thereby, the methodical analysis was done for the performance and emission parameters via interacting algal biodiesel in the experimental (DI) diesel engine test-rig configured with a variable injection pressure of 210, 220 & 230 respectively. The blending ratio of algal diesel and gasoline (AB10 & AB 20v/v) were prepared based on volume and the results were correlated with petro-diesel. The physico-chemical parameters like color, odour, viscosity, density, total acid number, initial boiling point, flash point, calorific value, cetane number etc. were found to be significant when compared with petro-fuel. Correspondingly, the interactive parameters like flash point, pour point, cloud point, carbon residue, sulfur, ash, and water contents were correlated with the standard specifications. The substantial approach was observed in emission characteristics such as hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOX) respectively in engine-algal fuel interactions. Whereas, a slight increase than petro-diesel with respect to sulfur oxide (SOX) emission and smoke opacity were also recorded. However, the marginal increase in Brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and Brake thermal efficiency (BTE) was noticed and the brake power (BP) was found slightly lower than petro-diesel. In conclusion, the protocol of producing biodiesel from wild stuff biomass of Spirulina maxima was found to be techno-economically feasible and this potential algal biodiesel can be recommended for the current engine applications without any alterations.
HOMO–LUMO, NBO, NLO, MEP analysis and molecular docking using DFT calculations in DFPA molecule
Authors: BAĞLAN Mehmet , GÖREN Kenan , YILDIKO Ümit
Published: June 2023

Using the Gaussian09 software package, N-(6-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)-5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5 α]pyrimidine-7-amine(DFPA) the theoretically optimal molecular structure, vibration frequencies and related vibrational movements of the molecule were researched. The DFT(B3PW91 and B3LYP) techniques' 6-311G(d,p) basis set was used to perform quantum chemical computations. HOMO and LUMO analysis were performed for charge transfer in the molecule. NBO analysis was used to examine the stability of the molecule as a result of both charge delocalization and hyperconjugative interaction. DFT approach was used to perform MEP and expected infrared sensitivities and Raman activity are also presented. Geometric parameters of both calculated DFT methods are compatible. Binding affinity values and molecular coupling studies show that the title substance forms a stable complex with MtPanK and PanK. It is possible that the molecule has inhibitory activity against MtPanK and PanK, paving the way for new anti-tuberculosis drugs’ the development.
External Debt and Internal Debt Impact on the Growth of the Nepalese Economy
Authors: Gurung Abin , Rijal Deepak Prasad
Published: June 2023

The study examines the relationship between internal debt, external debt, and economic growth in Nepal. Debt plays a crucial role in capital formation that contributes to economic growth. Therefore, this study aims to examine the influence of internal and external debt on Nepal's economic growth between mid-July 1975 and mid-July 2022, utilizing the Ordinary Least Square method to determine the relationship between the variables, Augmented Dickey-Fuller techniques to test for unit root, and Granger causality test to establish causation between GDP, external debt, and internal debt. The unit root test results indicate that the GDP variable is stationary, while the variables of external and internal debt are non-stationary in the model. The causality results show a bidirectional relationship between external debt and GDP, but no causation exists between internal debt and GDP. The Johansen Co-integration test shows that there is no long-term correlation between external debt, internal debt, and GDP (Constant Price). This results in the null hypothesis of no co-integration being rejected and indicates that there is insufficient evidence to support the idea that external debt, internal debt, and economic growth (GDP) are co-integrated. Additionally, external debt does not Granger-cause internal debt, indicating a unidirectional relationship. The OLS results indicate that external debt has a negative impact on economic growth, whereas internal debt has a positive impact on the growth of the Nepalese economy (GDP). The findings of the study also suggest that external debt has a greater adverse impact on economic growth compared to internal debt. The study suggests that the government should prioritize the use of internal debt over external debt to foster economic growth in Nepal.
Evaluation of the Status of Intraparenchymal Plasma Cells in Terms of IgG4 Expression in Patients Diagnosed With Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis
Authors:   Pathology Department, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran., Taghipour Zahir Shokouh , Rahmani Koorosh ,   Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran, Vakili Mahmood ,   Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
Published: June 2023

Background and Objectives Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a chronic inflammatory lesion that mimics the clinical symptoms of carcinoma. Another type of chronic granulomatous mastitis is immunological mastitis, which is related to the infiltration of IgG4 plasma cells. This study aims to determine the status of IgG4 positive plasma cells in IGM samples. Subjects and Methods This is an analytical-cross-sectional study. 46 women diagnosed with IGM were selected for the study using census method. The percentage of IgG and IgG4 in plasma cells was determined based on immunohistochemical method. Age and type of surgery were also recorded. The data was entered into SPSS software, version 22 and analyzed using statistical tests. P<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The mean age of patients was 35.02±6.82 years. The mean percentage of IgG positive plasma cells among tissue inflammatory cells was 6923±23.42 and the mean percentage of IgG4 positive plasma cells was 23.39±22.33. Among infiltrated plasma cells, 1.89% were positive for IgG4 and the ratio of IgG4 to IgG in plasma cells was 0.91. Based on the results of Pearson correlation test, a positive and significant correlation was found between the percentage of IgG4 and IgG in plasma cells (r=0.600, P=0.004). Conclusion A significant percentage of infiltrated plasma cells are IgG4 positive, which can play a role in the development of IGM. Therefore, further investigation and comparison with immunological mastitis is recommended.
Molecular Investigation of Coxiella Burnetii in Hard Ticks Collected From Some Livestock in the Sistan Region
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran., Asadolahizoj Sahar , Saadati Dariush ,   Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran, Rasekh Mehdi ,   Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran, Jafari Amirsajad ,   Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran, Jafari Nozad Amirmasood ,   Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran, Faghihi Faezeh ,   Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Telmadarraiy Zakkyeh ,   Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Hosseini-Chegeni Asadollah ,   Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramābād, Iran
Published: June 2023

Background and Objectives Coxiella burnetii (causative agent of Q fever) is an important zoonotic disease with a universal occurrence. Ticks are natural and potential reservoirs of this bacterium and play an effective role in the transmission of Q fever. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Coxiella burnetii in hard ticks isolated from livestock in Sistan. Subjects and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in five counties of the Sistan region. The genus and species of hard ticks were identified after collection from some domestic animals. The nested- PCR technique was used to identify the bacterial genome. Results Of all examined ticks, two genera, including 354 Hyalomma (59.399%) and 242 Rhipicephalus (40.6%) were identified. The hard ticks are in three types of species as follows: Rhipicephalus sanguineus (40.1%), Rhipicephalus nymph (0.5%), Hyalomma anatolicum (47.5%), Hyalomma sp. (1.5%), Hyalomma nymph (10.4%), and Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus (0.16%). No infected specimen with Coxiella burnetii was observed in the Sistan region. Conclusion According to the results of previous studies in Sistan and Baluchestan province and neighboring provinces that reported a high prevalence of Coxiella burnetii in collected ticks, it seems that more extensive research, with a larger sample size and host range, is necessary to clarify the situation of this pathogen.
The Effect of Aerobic Activity on Changes in Cystatin C and Homocysteine Levels as Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Authors:   Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran, Porsesh Mahsa , Habibi AbdolHamid ,   Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran, Barati Saeed Ahmadi ,   Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
Published: June 2023

Background and Objectives Chronic inflammation is associated with the development of various diseases, including atherosclerosis and diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of longterm selected aerobic exercises on changes in cystatin C and homocysteine in inactive and overweight middle-aged women. Subjects and Methods Thirty non-athlete middle-aged women (mean age: 46.06±6.97 years, weight: 71.82±9.11 kg, height: 156.9±5.24 cm, and body mass index: 29.2±4.11kg/m2) voluntarily participated in this project and were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups The experimental group performed selected aerobic exercises (65-75% of maximum heart rate) for eight weeks. Blood samples were taken before and 24 hours after the completion of the research protocol to measure the levels of cystatin C and homocysteine. Analysis of covariance was used for intergroup comparisons and paired t-test was used for intergroup comparisons. Results The results showed that there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in cystatin C (P=0.09) and homocysteine (P=0.07) after eight weeks of selected aerobic exercises. A significant decrease was observed in weight (P=0.001) and body mass index (P=0.002) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion Overall, the results of the present study showed that although the eight-week activity program improved the body composition of overweight middle-aged women, longer periods of aerobic exercise are required to examine clearer biochemical results.
Relationship Between Candida Albicans Fungal Colonies From the Infant’s Mouth and Mother’s Nipple
Authors:   Department of Oral Diseases, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran., Aghighi Hatamipour Samaneh , Kheirollahi Khatereh ,   Department of Oral Diseases, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran., Ghafur Zadeh Mahin ,   Department of Mycology, Faculty of Paramedical, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IranDepartment of Mycology, Faculty of Paramedical, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
Published: June 2023

Background and Objectives Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of candidiasis in the infant’s mouth and nipple of breastfeeding mothers can have positive effects on the infant’s nutrition from the mother’s milk. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Candida albicans fungal colonies in the infant’s oral cavities and nipples of breastfeeding mothers. Subjects and Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on 98 breastfeeding mothers and their healthy infants. Samples were taken from the posterior area of the infant’s tongue and the nipple of the breastfeeding mothers. Samples were transferred to a dextrose agar medium containing 0.05% chloramphenicol in the laboratory and were kept at 30 ° C for 48 hours and then the number of Candida colonies was counted and recorded. The data were analyzed by SPSS 17 statistical software and t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results The mean number of cultured colonies from infants’ mouths and nipples of breastfeeding mothers was 64.44±42.99 and 102.62±63.56, respectively. In neonates born by cesarean section and nipple of their mothers, there were significantly more Candida colonies (P<0.05). There was a positive and significant correlation between the number of cultured colonies from the nipple of breastfeeding mothers and the infant’s mouth (P=0.000, r=0.796). Conclusion Candida culture was positive in more than half of the samples both in the mouth of the infant and in their mothers’ nipples.