bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A prática leva a perfeição: qual o tempo de treinamento de coletas para jovens entomólogos tornarem-se eficientes?
Authors: Aranda Rodrigo , Porto Ana Carolina , Benetti Carlo , Freitas Lara
Published: August 2023

Entre diversas técnicas de captura de insetos, a captura ativa por rede entomológica é uma das que demandam maior domínio do coletor, para que seja feito o seu uso correto, tendo assim por consequência, uma boa eficiência para a captura dos insetos. O objetivo do trabalho é descrever o tempo necessário para que jovens entomólogos adquiram prática no manuseio do equipamento, bem como comparar a eficiência de captura de insetos. As coletas ocorreram entre abril de 2021 e março de 2022, com intervalo quinzenal. As coletas manuais com rede entomológica foram realizadas por ao menos 4 horas ao longo de cada dia de coleta, por cada um dos integrantes. Para serem feitas as comparações, foram selecionados dois tipos de insetos para serem capturados, abelhas e vespas. Foram obtidos um total de 958 indivíduos de abelhas e vespas amostras. O coletor experiente foi responsável pela coleta de mais de 60% dos indivíduos coletados. A média de captura de indivíduos pelo coletor experiente foi de 16,34 enquanto para os iniciantes foi de 8,86 havendo diferença significativa. Observamos ser necessárias ao menos 10 coletas para os alunos chegarem em valores próximos ao coletor experiente, entretanto a variação sazonal na ocorrência dos insetos interfere na capacidade de localização em campo por se tornarem menos abundantes. Para além do tempo necessário para dominar a técnica, a capacidade de identificar os exemplares de interesse no campo também é relevante. Portanto, o treinamento deve combinar as práticas de campo com observação em laboratório dos exemplares de interesse.
Code and Data Repository for Learning Symbolic Expressions: Mixed-Integer Formulations, Cuts, and Heuristics
Authors: Kim Jongeun , Leyffer Sven , Balaprakash Prasanna
Published: August 2023

This archive is distributed in association with the INFORMS Journal on Computing under the GNU GPLv3. The software and data in this repository are a snapshot of the software and data that were used in the research reported on in the paper Learning Symbolic Expressions: Mixed-Integer Formulations, Cuts, and Heuristics by Jongeun Kim, Sven Leyffer, Prasanna Balaprakash. The snapshot is based on this SHA in the development repository.
Code and Data Repository for The Hot Spot Coverage Patrol Problem: Formulations and Solution Approaches
Authors: Luo Yuchen , Golden Bruce , Zhang Rui
Published: August 2023

This archive is distributed in association with the INFORMS Journal on Computing under the MIT License. The purpose of this repository is to share the data and algorithms (source code) used in the paper "The Hot Spot Coverage Patrol Problem: Formulations and Solution Approaches" by Y. Luo, B. Golden, and R. Zhang. Cite
The When and How of Delegated Search
Authors: Zorc Saša , Tsetlin Ilia , Hasija Sameer , Chick Stephen E.
Published: August 2023

Contract Design for Outsourcing Search

Firms commonly outsource search for new employees, real estate, or technology to external agents. What should the contracts with these agents look like, and under which conditions should companies even hire agents (as opposed to doing the search in house)? These are the questions studied in “The when and how of delegated search” by Zorc et al. The authors find that the optimal contracts pay the agent a per-time fee as well as a bonus for finding an acceptable alternative. The size of this bonus is defined on signing of the contract and decreases over time. The decision of whether to outsource at all hinges on the firm’s trade-off between speed and quality; in-house search becomes optimal for a firm that prioritizes quality, but outsourcing offers better speed.
Pelatihan Pembelajaran Statistika untuk Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru Matematika di Kabupaten Sumenep
Authors: Suharsono Agus , Mashuri Muhammad , Wibawati Wibawati , Khusna Hidayatul , Ahsan Muhammad
Published: August 2023

Penelitian tindakan kelas merupakan salah satu kegiatan yang perlu dilakukan oleh guru untuk meningkatkan kualitas proses belajar mengajar. Dalam bidang penelitian, Statistika mempunyai peranan yang sangat penting, yaitu sebagai alat pengolahan dan analisis sehingga hasil penelitian dapat dipertanggung jawabkan secara ilmiah karena telah melalui serangkaian pengujian secara Statistika. Dalam rangka peningkatan kompetensi Guru Matematika di Kabupaten Sumenep Madura Jawa Timur, Tim ITS melalui Pengabdian Masyarakat yang merupakan salah satu kegiatan Tri Dharma Peguruan Tinggi, turut serta dalam peningkatan kompetensi para Guru Matematika di Kabupaten Sumenep Madura Jawa Timur. Materi pelatihan yang merupakan penunjang kegiatan Tri Dharma Peguruan Tinggi diantaranya peluang, statistika deskriptif, pengujian hipotesis, dan praktek menggunakan software Microsoft Excel. Pelatihan pembelajaran Statistika untuk peningkatan kompetensi Guru Matematika di Kabupaten Sumenep telah dilaksanakan pada tanggal 25-26 Agustus 2022. Secara umum diperoleh hasil bahwa rata-rata nilai post-test lebih tinggi daripada rata-rata nilai pre-test peserta pelatihan.
Perancangan Mesin Kukus dan Oven Konveyor Sebagai Inovasi Pengolahan Limbah Rumah Potong Ayam Menjadi Tepung Darah dan Tepung Bulu
Authors: Kusumawardani Rindi , Kurniati Nani , Sitanggang Irene Malilung , Singgih Moses Laksono , Supriyanto Hari , Sutikno Sutikno , Warnana Dwa Desa
Published: August 2023

Limbah proses pemotongan ayam secara umum terdiri dari limbah padat dan cair. Hampir semua limbah dari proses pemotongan ayam dapat dimanfaatkan kembali. SMKN 1 Grati adalah sekolah vokasi di Pasuruan, yang memiliki unit Agribisnis Peternakan. Namun, masih belum adanya penanganan khusus terhadap beberapa limbah dari proses pemotongan ayam, dimana saat ini limbah hanya dibuang begitu saja ke saluran pembuangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membantu menyediakan mesin pengolah darah dan bulu ayam menjadi tepung darah atau bulu, yang dapat diolah menjadi bahan pakan atau pupuk, dengan menerapkan prinsip semi otomatisasi. Dimana terdapat mesin kukus inovatif dan oven konveyor. Penerapan teknologi tepat guna ini diawali dengan mengamati kondisi eksisting, perancangan solusi, lalu pembuatan dan pengujian alat. Desain mesin terdiri dari mesin kukus inovatif yang dapat menjalankan fungsi kukus sekaligus pencacah darah atau bulu ayam, serta terdapat oven konveyor listrik untuk membantu proses pengeringan hasil pengukusan darah atau bulu ayam. Harapan dari implementasi rancangan mesin ini, dapat mendukung produktivitas dan mengurangi dampak buruk pada lingkungan, dengan meningkatkan kepedulian terhadap pengelolaan limbah melalui kegiatan recycle. Kedepannya, sistem pengelolaan limbah di Rumah Potong Ayam diharapkan terus dilakukan perbaikan hingga dapat ditetapkan standar ramah lingkungan.
Pemanfaatan Edible Landscape pada Lahan Berskala Kecil sebagai Solusi Pengurangan Pulau Panas akibat Land Surface Temperature di Kelurahan Wundumbatu Kota Kendari
Authors: Nurgiantoro Nurgiantoro , Hadini La Ode , Mando La Ode Agus Salim , Aris Armayanti , Jackrianto Septian , Firmansyah Farid Restu , Wati Hikma
Published: August 2023

Pemanfaatan edible landscape pada lahan berskala kecil di perkotaan telah dianggap sebagai strategi berkelanjutan dan alternatif untuk menciptakan vegetasi dari pekarangan yang mampu memodifikasi iklim mikro sebagai upaya pengurangan efek pulau panas akibat Land Surface Temperature (LST). Penggunaan konsep edible landscape memiliki potensi untuk menawarkan jasa ekosistem, termasuk mengurangi efek pulau panas. Fokus program kemitraan masyarakat ini yakni pada mitigasi kebencanaan akibat perubahan iklim, dengan tujuan program pengurangan pulau panas melalui rekayasa vegetasi dari tanaman edible. Pencapaian tujuan dilakukan dengan metode edukasi kepada masyarakat melalui Focus Group Discussion (FGD), dan aksi penanaman tanaman edible di lanskap pekarangan mitra sasaran. Hasil pembelajaran menunjukkan adanya tingkat pemahaman masyarakat terkait edible landscape yang didesain dalam lanskap pekarangan. Sedangkan pada aksi penanaman, sebanyak 450 bibit tanaman edible di antaranya mulberry, kelor, chaya, salam, belimbing wuluh, serai, kunyit, dan lengkuas berhasil ditanam di lanskap pekarangan mitra. Hasil monev terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman menunjukkan tanaman edible mampu tumbuh dengan baik dalam lanskap pekarangan mitra sasaran.
Refined Brazing to Boost Engines
Authors: Knight Helen
Published: August 2023

Process will improve efficiency
Submarine Visits Deepest Point on Planet
Authors: Excell Jon
Published: August 2023

Five Deeps Mission milestone
Ministers Misled Over HS2
Authors: Ford Jason
Published: August 2023

Minority report points to major cost overun for high-speed rail project
Growth Industry
Authors: Wade Andrew
Published: August 2023

Vertical farming startup LettUs Grow is one of a number of UK firms developing technology that could help shore up the UK’s food security.
Q&A: Charging Ahead
Authors: Excell Jon
Published: August 2023

An expert panel discusses the charging infrastructure innovations required to support the growing popularity of EVs
Isambard Kingdom Brunel: National Engineer
Authors: Smith Nick
Published: August 2023

One of the best-known engineers of the 19th century, Isambard Kingdom Brunel achieved greatness in railway, civil and maritime engineering.
Smart Swab could Alleviate COVID-19 Test Concerns
Authors: Ford Jason
Published: August 2023

Auxetic swab conforms to shape of nasal cavity
Clinical characteristics and risk factors of intracranial hemorrhage after spinal surgery
Authors: Yan Xin , Yan Li-Rong , Ma Zhi-Gang , Jiang Ming , Gao Yang , Pang Ying , Wang Wei-Wei , Qin Zhao-Hui , Han Yang-Tong , You Xiao-Fan , Ruan Wei , Wang Qian
Published: August 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent tumors worldwide and the leading contributor to cancer-related deaths. The progression and metastasis of HCC are closely associated with altered mitochondrial metabolism, including mitochondrial stress response. Mitokines, soluble proteins produced and secreted in response to mitochondrial stress, play an essential immunomodulatory role. Immunotherapy has emerged as a crucial treatment option for HCC. However, a positive response to therapy is typically dependent on the interaction of tumor cells with immune regulation within the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, exploring the specific immunomodulatory mechanisms of mitokines in HCC is essential for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the association between HCC and the immune microenvironment and highlights recent progress in understanding the involvement of mitochondrial function in preserving liver function. In addition, a systematic review of mitokines-mediated immunomodulation in HCC is presented. Finally, the potential diagnostic and therapeutic roles of mitokines in HCC are prospected and summarized. Recent progress in mitokine research represents a new prospect for mitochondrial therapy. Considering the potential of mitokines to regulate immune function, investigating them as a relevant molecular target holds great promise for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
Isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia: Systematic review and analysis of the 37 cases reported so far
Authors: Bassareo Pier Paolo , Duignan Sophie , James Adam , Dunne Esme , McMahon Colin J , Walsh Kevin P
Published: August 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent tumors worldwide and the leading contributor to cancer-related deaths. The progression and metastasis of HCC are closely associated with altered mitochondrial metabolism, including mitochondrial stress response. Mitokines, soluble proteins produced and secreted in response to mitochondrial stress, play an essential immunomodulatory role. Immunotherapy has emerged as a crucial treatment option for HCC. However, a positive response to therapy is typically dependent on the interaction of tumor cells with immune regulation within the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, exploring the specific immunomodulatory mechanisms of mitokines in HCC is essential for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the association between HCC and the immune microenvironment and highlights recent progress in understanding the involvement of mitochondrial function in preserving liver function. In addition, a systematic review of mitokines-mediated immunomodulation in HCC is presented. Finally, the potential diagnostic and therapeutic roles of mitokines in HCC are prospected and summarized. Recent progress in mitokine research represents a new prospect for mitochondrial therapy. Considering the potential of mitokines to regulate immune function, investigating them as a relevant molecular target holds great promise for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
Membranous nephropathy with systemic light-chain amyloidosis of remission after rituximab therapy: A case report
Authors: Zhang Jiao , Wang Xu , Zou Gu-Ming , Li Jia-Yi , Li Wen-Ge
Published: August 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent tumors worldwide and the leading contributor to cancer-related deaths. The progression and metastasis of HCC are closely associated with altered mitochondrial metabolism, including mitochondrial stress response. Mitokines, soluble proteins produced and secreted in response to mitochondrial stress, play an essential immunomodulatory role. Immunotherapy has emerged as a crucial treatment option for HCC. However, a positive response to therapy is typically dependent on the interaction of tumor cells with immune regulation within the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, exploring the specific immunomodulatory mechanisms of mitokines in HCC is essential for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the association between HCC and the immune microenvironment and highlights recent progress in understanding the involvement of mitochondrial function in preserving liver function. In addition, a systematic review of mitokines-mediated immunomodulation in HCC is presented. Finally, the potential diagnostic and therapeutic roles of mitokines in HCC are prospected and summarized. Recent progress in mitokine research represents a new prospect for mitochondrial therapy. Considering the potential of mitokines to regulate immune function, investigating them as a relevant molecular target holds great promise for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
Rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury after administration of a red yeast rice supplement: A case report
Authors: Wang Ya-Han , Zhang Si-Shuo , Li Hai-Tao , Zhi Hong-Wei , Wu Hong-Yun
Published: August 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent tumors worldwide and the leading contributor to cancer-related deaths. The progression and metastasis of HCC are closely associated with altered mitochondrial metabolism, including mitochondrial stress response. Mitokines, soluble proteins produced and secreted in response to mitochondrial stress, play an essential immunomodulatory role. Immunotherapy has emerged as a crucial treatment option for HCC. However, a positive response to therapy is typically dependent on the interaction of tumor cells with immune regulation within the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, exploring the specific immunomodulatory mechanisms of mitokines in HCC is essential for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the association between HCC and the immune microenvironment and highlights recent progress in understanding the involvement of mitochondrial function in preserving liver function. In addition, a systematic review of mitokines-mediated immunomodulation in HCC is presented. Finally, the potential diagnostic and therapeutic roles of mitokines in HCC are prospected and summarized. Recent progress in mitokine research represents a new prospect for mitochondrial therapy. Considering the potential of mitokines to regulate immune function, investigating them as a relevant molecular target holds great promise for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
Knee locking caused by osteochondroma of the proximal tibia adjacent to the pes anserinus: A case report
Authors: Sonobe Tatsuru , Hakozaki Michiyuki , Matsuo Yohei , Takahashi Yojiro , Yoshida Katsuhiro , Konno Shinichi
Published: August 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent tumors worldwide and the leading contributor to cancer-related deaths. The progression and metastasis of HCC are closely associated with altered mitochondrial metabolism, including mitochondrial stress response. Mitokines, soluble proteins produced and secreted in response to mitochondrial stress, play an essential immunomodulatory role. Immunotherapy has emerged as a crucial treatment option for HCC. However, a positive response to therapy is typically dependent on the interaction of tumor cells with immune regulation within the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, exploring the specific immunomodulatory mechanisms of mitokines in HCC is essential for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the association between HCC and the immune microenvironment and highlights recent progress in understanding the involvement of mitochondrial function in preserving liver function. In addition, a systematic review of mitokines-mediated immunomodulation in HCC is presented. Finally, the potential diagnostic and therapeutic roles of mitokines in HCC are prospected and summarized. Recent progress in mitokine research represents a new prospect for mitochondrial therapy. Considering the potential of mitokines to regulate immune function, investigating them as a relevant molecular target holds great promise for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
Gout Arthritis Progression in Treatment with Herbal Therapy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pratama I Putu Arya Agung , Subawa I Wayan
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Gout is a common arthritis condition due to deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) and is closely related to hyperuricemia. The goal of gout treatment in the acute stage of gouty arthritis mainly focuses on relieving pain while slowing down or stopping progression and further gout flares in the chronic stage, ultimately improving joint function, and increasing the quality of life. Materials and Methods: A literature search was carried out to determine potential studies for this review up to November 2022. The search was performed using the PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases including keywords that matched the MeSH rule and the term used for herbal therapy and gout arthritis. Results: The search strategy generated several diverse literatures presenting a variety of randomized control trial of herbal therapy in gout arthritis patient. A total of eight studies were included in the review. Satisfactory pain relieve and decreasing of serum uric acid level were found in most of the studies. Decreasing of serum uric acid level statistically significantly found in six of the eight studies studied. Furthermore, significant fewer incident of adverse event found in four studies. Conclusion: Herbal therapy or medication are potentially more effective than western medications or placebos at slowing the progression of pain, lowering blood uric acid levels, and preventing some adverse events in gout patients. Keywords: Arthritis, gout, herbal therapy, progression, uric acid level.
Bracing for Impact – Bracing in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Chaudhary Kshitij
Published: August 2023

Bracing plays a vital role in the non-operative treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), especially when detected early. Recent high-quality studies confirm that bracing can alter the natural progression of a curve, potentially preventing the need for surgery. The concept is based on the ability of external force to guide spine growth, which has been experimentally proven. However, bracing cannot straighten the spine; its primary goal is to halt the curve’s progression. The evidence for bracing is strong, with studies showing that approximately two-thirds of AIS curves can be controlled through bracing. However, there are concerns about the broad application of bracing indications, potentially leading to unnecessary treatment for some patients. Identifying the 25% of patients who will benefit from bracing remains a challenge. Bracing is most effective when applied to curves between 25-45° during the rapid growth phase, but compliance is crucial for success. The choice of brace type matters less than its quality and corrective effect. The practice of bracing requires a close orthotist-surgeon relationship, and follow-up visits are essential to monitor progress. Ultimately, bracing remains a valuable non-surgical option for AIS, but careful patient selection and close monitoring are necessary for optimal results. Keywords: Brace, Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
Experimental demonstration of a real-time multi-user uplink UWOC system based on SIC-free NOMA
Authors: Li Xiao , Gui Liangqi , Xia Yu , Yang Xiaojiao , Li Yinan , Li Hao , Lang Liang
Published: August 2023

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has been studied as a promising multiple access technology for optical communication systems due to its superior spectral efficiency. However, the multi-user communication systems that employ NOMA with successive interference cancellation (SIC) suffer from error propagation (EP). Besides, the issue of non-ideal rise and fall time of the received signal can result in severe bit error rate (BER) degradation while decoding by the SIC technique. In this paper, we propose a straightforward two-stage program judgment filter (PJF) for signal reshaping and a SIC-free decoding method for NOMA. Based on the amplitude threshold (AT) decoding method, we demonstrate a real-time, two-user uplink underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) system via field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). With a power allocation ratio (PAR) of 2:1 (user 1: user 2), the established real-time NOMA-based UWOC system utilizing commercial light emitting diodes (LEDs) achieves a data rate of 30 Mbps for each user with BERs of 7.8 × 10−6 and 3 × 10−4 for user 1 and user 2, respectively. The results show that the AT-based NOMA can obtain a lower BER compared to the SIC-based NOMA, especially for user 2.
Piezoelectrically coupling surface acoustic waves to silicon waveguides.
Authors: Sun Junqiang , Huang Chukun , Shi Haotian , Yu Linfeng , Huang Qiang , ZHANG TIANHENG , Xue Han
Published: August 2023

The coupling of surface acoustic waves (SAWs) with optical waveguides through piezoelectric films is an emerging method of connecting microwave and optical domains. In this work, we demonstrate the intramodal and intermodal acousto-optic modulation in silicon waveguides by electrically driving interdigital transducers on CMOS-compatible piezoelectric AlScN film. The proposed intramodal acousto-optic phase modulation is significant enhanced by 16.72 dB in the fabricated spiral waveguide with five interaction segments over a broad range of optical wavelengths, and demonstrates the ability to perform microwave photonic filtering. In addition, the proposed intermodal acousto-optic modulation exhibits single-sideband phase modulation with high single-sideband contrast (> 30 dB) and a wide optical bandwidth of 68 nm, which is capable of acousto-optic frequency shift and optical mode conversion, providing an insightful idea for nonreciprocal optical propagation.
Submicrometer optical frequency combs based on SPPs metallic multi-ring resonators
Authors: Huang Zhitao , Ma Fangyuan , Dong Keqian , Yue Shizhong , Li Chao , Wu Yulin , Huang Junhui , Han Xu , Sun Jiaqian , Li Zhaofeng , Liu Kong , Wang Zhijie , Lei Yong , Qu Shengchun , Wang Zhanguo
Published: August 2023

Optical frequency combs (OFCs) have great potential in communications, especially in dense wavelength-division multiplexing. However, the size of traditional OFCs based on conventional optical microcavities or dispersion fibers is at least tens of micrometers, far larger than that of nanoscale electronic chips. Therefore, reducing the size of OFCs to match electronic chips is of necessity. Here, for the first time to our knowledge, we introduce surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) to the construction of OFCs to realize a miniature device. The thickness of our device is reduced below 1 μm. Though the presence of SPPs may induce ohmic and scattering loss, the threshold of the device is obtained as 9 μW, comparable to the conventional device. Interestingly, the response time is 13.2 ps, much faster than the optical counterparts. This work provides a feasible strategy for the miniaturization of OFCs.
“We are their eyes and ears here on the ground, yet they do not appreciate us”—Factors influencing the performance of Kenyan community health volunteers working in urban informal settlements
Authors: Ogutu Michael O. , Kamui Eric , Abuya Timothy , Muraya Kui
Published: August 2023

This study explored factors that influence CHV performance in urban informal settlements (UIS) within Nairobi Kenya and ways in which CHVs can be supported to enhance their wellbeing and strengthen community strategies. The study was undertaken in two UIS within Nairobi County. Thirteen focus group discussions and three key informant interviews were conducted with a range of respondents. Various topics covering the design of the Community Health Strategy (CHS) and broader contextual factors that affect CHVs’ performance, were discussed and data analysed using a framework analysis approach. The key programme design factors identified as influencing the performance of CHVs working in UIS included: CHV recruitment; training; availability of supplies and resources; and remuneration of CHVs. Health system factors that influenced CHVs performance included: nature of relationship between healthcare workers at local referral facilities and community members; availability of services and perceived corruption at referral facilities; and CHV referral outside of the local health facility. Whereas the broader contextual factors that affected CHV performance included: demand for material or financial support; perceived corruption in community programmes; and neighbourhood insecurity. These findings suggest that CHVs working in UIS in Kenya face a myriad of challenges that impact their wellbeing and performance. Therefore, to enhance CHVs’ well-being and improve their performance, the following should be considered: adequate and timely remuneration for CHVs, appropriate holistic training, adequate supportive supervision, and ensuring a satisfactory supply of resources and supplies. Additionally, at the facility level, healthcare workers should be trained on appropriate and respectful relations with both the community and the CHVs, clarity of roles and scope of work, ensure availability of services, and safeguard against corrupt practices in public health facilities. Lastly, there’s a need for improved and adequate security measures at the community level, to ensure safety of CHVs as they undertake their roles.
Is use of a smuggler to cross the US-Mexico border associated with mental health problems among undocumented immigrants from Mexico?
Authors: Wilson Fernando A. , Stimpson Jim P. , Ortega Alexander N.
Published: August 2023

Although numerous studies have found that Latine immigrants to the United States (US) have better health outcomes on average than persons born in the US, studies of persons living in Mexico have found that undocumented immigrants have worse health, especially those that were deported, compared to Mexican citizens that never migrated or migrated with authorization. However, the health outcomes of Mexican migrants using a smuggler to cross the US-Mexico border is a gap in the literature. We hypothesized that undocumented immigrant adults who used a smuggler to cross the US-Mexico border would be more likely to report mental health problems upon return to Mexico compared with undocumented immigrant adults that did not use a smuggler. We analyzed nationally representative, cross-sectional survey data of 1,563 undocumented immigrants currently living in Mexico. Most undocumented immigrants in the sample (87%) used a smuggler. Use of a smuggler by undocumented immigrant adults was associated with a 4.7% higher prevalence of emotional or psychiatric problems compared to undocumented immigrant adults that did not use a smuggler. We conclude that modality of ingress into the US is a risk factor for poorer mental health among undocumented immigrant adults.
Modeling of the chest wall response to prolonged bracing in pectus carinatum
Authors: Sargent Brandon , Varela Katie , Eggett Dennis , McKenna Emily , Bates Christina , Brown Rebeccah , Garcia Victor , Howell Larry
Published: August 2023

Pectus carinatum is a chest wall deformity that is often treated through the wearing of an external brace. The treatment of the deformity could benefit from a greater understanding of chest wall characteristics under prolonged loading. These characteristics are difficult to model directly but empirical studies can be used to create statistical models. 185 patients from 2018-2020 received bracing treatment. Data on the severity of the deformity, treatment pressures, and time of wear were recorded at the first fitting and all subsequent follow-up visits. This data was analyzed using a statistical mixed effects model to identify significant measures and trends in treatment. These models were designed to help quantify changes in chest wall characteristics through prolonged bracing. Two statistical models were created. The first model predicts the change in the amount of pressure to correct the deformity after bracing for a given time and pressure. The second model predicts the change in pressure response by the body on the brace after bracing for a given time and pressure. These models show a high significance in the amount of pressure and time to the changes in the chest wall response. Initial deformity severity is also significant in changes to the deformity. The statistical models predict general trends in pectus carinatum brace treatment and can assist in creating treatment plans, motivating patient compliance, and can inform the design of future treatment systems.
Perspectives of VA healthcare from rural women veterans not enrolled in or using VA healthcare
Authors: Rohs Carly M. , Albright Karen R. , Monteith Lindsey L. , Lane Amber D. , Fehling Kelty B.
Published: August 2023

Purpose

Women Veterans have unique healthcare needs and often experience comorbid health conditions. Despite this, many women Veterans are not enrolled in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and do not use VHA services. Underutilization of VHA services may be particularly prevalent among rural women Veterans, who may experience unique barriers to using VHA care. Nonetheless, knowledge of rural women Veterans and their experiences remains limited. We sought to understand rural women Veterans’ perceptions and needs related to VHA healthcare, including barriers to enrolling in and using VHA services, and perspectives on how to communicate with rural women Veterans about VHA services.

Methods

Rural women Veterans were recruited through community engagement with established partners and a mass mailing to rural women Veterans not enrolled in or using VHA healthcare. Ten virtual focus groups were conducted with a total of twenty-nine rural women Veterans (27 not enrolled in VHA care and 2 who had not used VHA care in the past 5 years) in 2021. A thematic inductive analytic approach was used to analyze focus group transcripts.

Findings

Primary themes regarding rural women Veterans’ perceptions of barriers to enrollment and use of VHA healthcare included: (1) poor communication about eligibility and the process of enrollment; (2) belief that VHA does not offer sufficient women’s healthcare services; and (3) inconvenience of accessing VHA facilities.

Conclusion

Although VHA has substantially expanded healthcare services for women Veterans, awareness of such services and the nuances of eligibility and enrollment remains an impediment to enrolling in and using VHA healthcare among rural women Veterans. Recommended strategies include targeted communication with rural women Veterans not enrolled in VHA care to increase their awareness of the enrollment process, eligibility, and expansion of women’s healthcare services. Creative strategies to address access and transportation barriers in rural locations are also needed.
Biocontrol of bacterial seedling rot of rice plants using combination of Cytobacillus firmus JBRS159 and silicon
Authors: Kang Jun An , Dutta Swarnalee , Lee Yong Hoon
Published: August 2023

Burkholderia glumae causes bacterial panicle blight (BPB) and bacterial seedling rot (BSR) which are difficult to control in rice plants. Seed disinfection using microbes and eco-friendly materials is an efficient alternative practice for managing BPB and BSR. In this study, we applied Cytobacillus firmus JBRS159 (JBRS159) in combination with silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticle or potassium silicate (K2SiO3) solution to control BSR. JBRS159, SiO2 nanoparticle, and K2SiO3 independently suppressed the BSR disease and promoted growths of rice and Arabidopsis. Population of B. glumae in the treated rice seeds was suppressed by the application of JBRS159 via competitions for nutrients and niches. The mixture of JBRS159 and each Si compound (SiO2 nanoparticle or K2SiO3) was complementary for disease-suppressing and growth-promoting activities of individual treatment. The results of this study indicate that mixture of JBRS159 with each Si compound can be harnessed for disease control and growth promotion as efficient alternatives to chemical pesticides and synthetic fertilizers. The efficacy of JBRS159 and Si compounds in the control of BSR and BPB in the field remains to be evaluated.
The phenuivirus Toscana virus makes an atypical use of vacuolar acidity to enter host cells
Authors: Koch Jana , Xin Qilin , Obr Martin , Schäfer Alicia , Rolfs Nina , Anagho Holda A. , Kudulyte Aiste , Woltereck Lea , Kummer Susann , Campos Joaquin , Uckeley Zina M. , Bell-Sakyi Lesley , Kräusslich Hans-Georg , Schur Florian KM. , Acuna Claudio , Lozach Pierre-Yves
Published: August 2023

Toscana virus is a major cause of arboviral disease in humans in the Mediterranean basin during summer. However, early virus-host cell interactions and entry mechanisms remain poorly characterized. Investigating iPSC-derived human neurons and cell lines, we found that virus binding to the cell surface was specific, and 50% of bound virions were endocytosed within 10 min. Virions entered Rab5a+ early endosomes and, subsequently, Rab7a+ and LAMP-1+ late endosomal compartments. Penetration required intact late endosomes and occurred within 30 min following internalization. Virus entry relied on vacuolar acidification, with an optimal pH for viral membrane fusion at pH 5.5. The pH threshold increased to 5.8 with longer pre-exposure of virions to the slightly acidic pH in early endosomes. Strikingly, the particles remained infectious after entering late endosomes with a pH below the fusion threshold. Overall, our study establishes Toscana virus as a late-penetrating virus and reveals an atypical use of vacuolar acidity by this virus to enter host cells.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN SMART GRID FOR ENERGY MANAGEMENT
Authors: Nwadike Chibuzo Valentine
Published: August 2023

This project focuses on analyzing load and temperature data collected from utility companies in the United States, consisting of 20 load zones with varying patterns of hourly load values and 11 temperature stations with distinct locations. The objective is to identify patterns and correlations between temperature data and load values for each zone and develop a predictive model for load values using machine learning algorithms.

A thorough data exploration was conducted to examine potential correlations between temperature stations and load values in each zone. In cases where strong correlations were found, the temperature data from the correlated station was utilized to predict load values in the corresponding zones. However, in instances where strong correlations were not identified, a method was devised to select temperature data from a station and incorporate it into machine learning algorithms for predicting load values in each load zone. The methodology for selecting temperature data for load prediction involves various factors such as geographical proximity, climatic similarity, historical data analysis, and statistical measures. Machine learning algorithms are applied to develop predictive models using the selected temperature data.

The results of this project will contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between temperature and load values in different load zones and provide insights into the efficacy of using temperature data from specific stations for predicting load values. This research helps to inform utility companies in their decision-making processes related to load forecasting and resource allocation, ultimately leading to more efficient and effective energy management strategies.
Use of lightweight FFT-based algorithms for remote measurements using DIC
Authors: Zbirovský Slávek , Nežerka Václav
Published: August 2023

Abrupt collapse events that result in casualties due to failure of load-bearing structures have been reported in recent years. Continuous remote monitoring of these structures, assessing the behavior under operational load, could provide a reliable prevention, as the developing damage manifests itself through a loss of stiffness, and therefore excessive deflections. Digital image correlation (DIC) algorithms based on fast Fourier transform (FFT) were implemented in a small computer unit Raspberry Pi, capable of remote operation in a low-energy demand mode. The unit is fully autonomous, capable of localizing QR code targets and extracting encoded information. This strategy allows us to instantly evaluate displacements of QR codes attached to any surface and send the data to a server. The software was developed in Python, allowing for two modes: the online mode for current data evaluation with information transfer via the MQTT protocol and the offline mode used for retrospective evaluation.
Plant growth-promoting properties of endophytic bacteria isolated from some xerophytic plants distributed in arid regions (Uzbekistan)
Authors: Ixtiyor Akramov  , Shahzod Axanbayev  , Alikulov Begali , Sitora Mukhtorova  , Azamat Ergashev  , Zafar Ismailov
Published: August 2023

Recent advancements in the development of endophytic microorganisms-based stimulants have shown promising potential in various fields. Research on the identification of these endophytic microorganisms has been well reported, however, there are limited studies of these endophytes isolated from plants in arid regions. Thus, isolation and identification of promising microbial endophytes from xerophytic plants is essential in technology development for sustainable agriculture in arid regions. This study aims to identify the endophytic bacteria isolated from Kochia prostrata (L.) Schrad. and Ceratoides eversmanniana (Stschegl. ex I.G.Borshch.) Botsch. & Ikonn. in vertical zones of arid regions of Uzbekistan, and examine their potential plant growth-promoting properties. Using Luria-Bertani (LB) medium, 70 distinct bacterial colony were isolated from the different segments of K. prostrata and C. eversmanniana. These isotypes were screened using NaCl-supplemented LB medium in which nine promising bacterial isolates showed tolerance to 15% NaCl. The nine promising halophytes were subjected to molecular identification using specific primers. The isolates from K. prostrata are identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus pumilus, Priestia aryabhattai, Pseudomonas putida, and Priestia endophytica. On the other hand, Priestia megaterium, Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus subtilis and Brevibacillus parabrevis were isolated from C. eversmanniana. The identified isolates also showed significant plant growth-promoting properties (N2-fixation, IAA production, phosphates solubilization, ACC deaminase production, siderophores production) and shows ability to inhibit pathogenic fungal growth. Based on the result, the identified bacterial endophytes can be processed as growth-stimulants and biological control of fungal pathogens in crops in arid regions.
Reflections on the past and future
Authors: Brett Christopher
Published: August 2023

As I finish writing this column, the Covid-19 global health emergency has just been officially declared as over. The impact that it has had on us all, directly and indirectly, cannot be underestimated. There are many that would like our way of life to go back to how it was to before, remembering the good aspects but forgetting the others. We were already in a crisis situation with almost terrifying global warming scenarios, particularly with respect to carbon dioxide emissions. The “lockdown” in 2020 during which industry shut down showed the effects of pollution, or rather the lack of them. Then industry started once more and the carbon footprint began to rise again. Now, in 2023, much of this appears to have been forgotten owing to economic issues and inflation, partly linked to materials and energy, but the clock continues to tick. There are lessons and decisions for the future, many of which will not be easy. Here are some reflections on IUPAC in the recent past and looking forwards.
On copulas with a trapezoid support
Authors: Jaworski Piotr
Published: August 2023

A family of bivariate copulas given by: for

v
+
2
u
<
2

v+2u\lt 2

,

C

(

u
,
v

)

=
F

(

2

F

−
1

(

v
∕
2

)

+

F

−
1

(

u

)

)

C\left(u,v)=F\left(2{F}^{-1}\left(v/2)+{F}^{-1}\left(u))

, where

F

F

is a strictly increasing cumulative distribution function of a symmetric, continuous random variable, and for

v
+
2
u
≥
2

v+2u\ge 2

,

C

(

u
,
v

)

=
u
+
v
−
1

C\left(u,v)=u+v-1

, is introduced. The basic properties and necessary conditions for absolute continuity of

C

C

are discussed. Several examples are provided.
Numerical simulation analysis of ecological monitoring of small reservoir dam based on maximum entropy algorithm
Authors: Wang Qing , Zhou Zhiwei , Tang Shaolong , Wan Siyuan , Yu Weiran
Published: August 2023

Displacement monitoring method of reservoir dam is a key research topic at present. In order to better display the overall efficiency of horizontal displacement and vertical displacement monitoring, a numerical simulation analysis method of ecological monitoring of small reservoir dam based on the maximum entropy algorithm is proposed. The virtual value is calculated by the maximum entropy algorithm, and the probability distribution function of random variables is obtained. The comprehensive prediction model of ecological monitoring results is constructed by the probability distribution function, and the daily monitoring values of ecological history of small reservoir dams are obtained. The maximum entropy probability density function is used to calculate the initial moment of small reservoir displacement samples, calculate the abnormal probability of the dam, get the maximum entropy probability density, realize the unbiased distribution of simulation values, and complete the dam deformation monitoring of small reservoirs. The simulation experiment is verified by numerical simulation. The results show that this method can effectively monitor the horizontal and vertical displacement of the dam; monitor the water-level hydrograph of pressure pipes at each measuring point; and obtain the changes of ecological runoff, temperature difference, and sediment discharge around the dam of small reservoirs in real time, which provides data guarantee for improving the ecological added value of small reservoirs.
The application of UVC light-emitting diodes irradiation for decontamination in fresh Tartary buckwheat noodles
Authors: Li Yun-Long , Dong Gui-Mei , Dong Ji-Lin , Zhu Ying-Ying , Shen Rui-Ling
Published: August 2023

Fresh noodles are easily to deterioration and contamination by microorganisms, improving its quality retention remains challenging. This study shows the potential of Ultraviolet C light-emitting diodes (UVC-LEDs, 275 nm) for the inactivation of Bacillus subtilis or Staphylococcus aureus inoculated on Tartary buckwheat fresh Tartary buckwheat noodles (FTBN) and as well as the inactivation of natural microbiota and quality of FTBN treated with UVC-LEDs during storage at 25 °C. The results showed that within a certain irradiation range of UVC-LEDs (0–1200 mJ/cm2), B. subtilis and S. aureus inoculated with FTBN would have deactivation and the dosage-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The initial total plate count of FTBN treated with UVC-LEDs was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) and shelf life was extended to 3 days. Changes of the pH, color, water distribution, cooking characterisitcs, and texture properties of FTBN treated with UVC-LEDs were delayed during storage. Based on these advantages, UVC-LEDs has good sterilization performance and improves the shelf life of noodles.
Forschendes Lernen und Gesprächsanalyse in der Deutschlehrer- und -lehrerinnen-ausbildung: das Spannungsfeld von Grammatik und Interaktion im Kontext von Deutsch als Fremd- und Zweitsprache
Authors: Skintey Lesya
Published: August 2023

Im Fokus des Beitrags steht die Vermittlung des Themas „Interaktionskompetenz im Kontext von DaZ-Erwerb und Mehrsprachigkeit“ in der Ausbildung von angehenden Deutschlehrern und -lehrerinnen. Anhand eines Seminars, dessen Ziel es war, den Studierenden die epistemologischen Prämissen und das methodische Vorgehen der conversation analysis for second language acquisition (CA-SLA) zu vermitteln und sie so zu befähigen, selbstständig Daten zu Interaktionen in DaZ zu erheben, aufzubereiten und zu analysieren, werden Potenziale und Herausforderungen der Vermittlung des Themas nach dem Konzept des Forschenden Lernens aufgezeigt und diskutiert.
The relative effects of corrective feedback and language proficiency on the development of L2 pragmalinguistic competence: the case of request downgraders
Authors: Chen Yuan-shan , Hsu Hui-Tzu , Tai Hsuan-Yu
Published: August 2023

In recent years, corrective feedback has attracted L2 pragmatics researchers’ attention. This study examined the effects of direct and metapragmatic corrective feedback on the learning of request downgraders for Chinese learners of English. Eighty college students were divided into four groups: (1) high proficiency + direct feedback, (2) high proficiency + metapragmatic feedback, (3) low proficiency + direct feedback, and (4) low proficiency + metapragmatic feedback. Using a pre-test–instruction–post-test–delayed post-test design, the results revealed that all the groups made significant progress with a prolonged effect after four weeks, and that metapragmatic feedback yielded a greater effect than direct feedback for the low proficiency learners. Moreover, the learners in general held positive perceptions towards the feedback they received. This study closes by providing pedagogical implications for language teachers and suggesting future directions for researchers.