bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gloriosa superba Mediated Synthesis of Platinum and Palladium Nanoparticles for Induction of Apoptosis in Breast Cancer
Authors: Rokade Shalaka S. , Joshi Komal A. , Mahajan Ketakee , Patil Saniya , Tomar Geetanjali , Dubal Dnyanesh S. , Parihar Vijay Singh , Kitture Rohini , Bellare Jayesh R. , Ghosh Sougata
Published: July 2018

Green chemistry approaches for designing therapeutically significant nanomedicine have gained considerable attention in the past decade. Herein, we report for the first time on anticancer potential of phytogenic platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) and palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) using a medicinal plant Gloriosa superba tuber extract (GSTE). The synthesis of the nanoparticles was completed within 5 hours at 100°C which was confirmed by development of dark brown and black colour for PtNPs and PdNPs, respectively, along with enhancement of the peak intensity in the UV-visible spectra. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) showed that the monodispersed spherical nanoparticles were within a size range below 10 nm. Energy dispersive spectra (EDS) confirmed the elemental composition, while dynamic light scattering (DLS) helped to evaluate the hydrodynamic size of the particles. Anticancer activity against MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) cell lines was evaluated using MTT assay, flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy. PtNPs and PdNPs showed 49.65 ± 1.99% and 36.26 ± 0.91% of anticancer activity. Induction of apoptosis was most predominant in the underlying mechanism which was rationalized by externalization of phosphatidyl serine and membrane blebbing. These findings support the efficiency of phytogenic fabrication of nanoscale platinum and palladium drugs for management and therapy against breast cancer.
Peculiarities of Charge Transfer in SiO2(Ni)/Si Nanosystems
Authors: Kaniukov Egor Yu. , Yakimchuk Dzmitry V. , Bundyukova Victoria D. , Shumskaya Alena E. , Amirov Abdulkarim A. , Demyanov Sergey E.
Published: July 2018

This work is devoted to study the peculiarities of charge transfer in SiO2(Ni)/Si nanosystems formed as a result of the electrochemical deposition of nickel into the pores of the ion-track silicon oxide template on silicon. Special attention is given to analysis of the results in the context of the band structure and physical properties of dielectric on semiconductor systems with metallic inclusions in the dielectric matrix. Experimental studies of the current-voltage characteristics of SiO2(Ni)/Si nanostructures demonstrated that value of potential barrier on the Si/metal interface in the pores of the silicon oxide template depended on temperature. On the basis of these results an interpretation of the charge transfer mechanisms in SiO2(Ni)/Si nanosystems at different temperature ranges was proposed. In the temperature region of ~300–200 K charge carrier motion occurs through the n-Si with an employment of metallic clusters in pores being in a contact with the semiconductor, by means of the overbarrier emission of electrons from higher energy levels of Si conduction band. In the lower temperatures (~200-100 K) a current flow takes place only through the semiconductor due to an increase of resistivity on energy barriers n-Si/metal, which leads to a practically complete exclusion of a participation of the metal in the charge transport process. In the low temperatures (~100–20 K), the variable range hopping conduction between pores on the SiO2/Si boundary, containing localized states, dominates.
Hardware Implementation of a Fuzzy Logic Controller for a Hybrid Wind-Solar System in an Isolated Site
Authors: Jemaa Aymen , Zarrad Ons , Hajjaji Mohamed Ali , Mansouri Mohamed Nejib
Published: July 2018

In this paper, two main contributions are presented to manage the power flow between a wind turbine and a solar power system. The first one is to use the fuzzy logic controller as an objective to find the maximum power point tracking, applied to a hybrid wind-solar system, at fixed atmospheric conditions. The second one is to respond to real-time control system constraints and to improve the generating system performance. For this, a hardware implementation of the proposed algorithm is performed using the Xilinx System Generator. The experimental simulation results show that the suggested system presents high accuracy and acceptable execution time performances. The proposed model and its control strategy offer a proper tool for optimizing the hybrid power system performance which we can use in smart house applications.
TLDA: An Efficient Two-Layered Data Authentication Mechanism for Content-Centric Networking
Authors: Seo Seog Chung , Youn Taek-Young
Published: July 2018

Content-Centric Networking (CCN) is a new networking paradigm for the future Internet, which shifts the communication paradigm from host-centric to data-centric. In CCN, contents are routed by their unique names and they are stored in network nodes by units of segment during transmission for future usage. Since contents are stored in network nodes in a distributed manner, security is built into CCN data packets by embedding a public key signature to enable any content requesters to verify authenticity and integrity of contents. However, the use of public key signatures for authenticating CCN data packets incurs significant overhead regarding computation and communication, which limits universal utilization of CCN. Furthermore, this can lead to a new kind of DDoS attacks. Even though CCN adopts an aggregate signature method based on Merkle Hash Tree (MHT) in its reference implementation, it still incurs large amount of overhead. This paper presents TLDA, an efficient Two-Layered Data Authentication mechanism, which can considerably reduce overhead of computation and communication for authenticating data segments in CCN. For efficiency of computation and communication, TLDA newly introduces the concept of authentication Meta part consisting of data segments’ hash values. To a great extent TLDA not only reduces the computation and communication overhead compared with CCN’s basic authentication method, but also provides robustness against transmission loss and out-of-order transmission. We have implemented TLDA and demonstrated that it provides 74.3% improved throughput and 36.557% reduced communication overhead compared to those of the original CCNx library developed by PARC when transmitting a 128Mbyte content in units of 1Kbyte segment with RSA-2048 and SHA-256 as its signature algorithm and hash algorithm, respectively.
Mobilized Peripheral Blood versus Cord Blood: Insight into the Distinct Role of Proinflammatory Cytokines on Survival, Clonogenic Ability, and Migration of CD34+Cells
Authors: Forte Dorian , Sollazzo Daria , Barone Martina , Allegri Marisole , di Martella Orsi Angela , Romano Marco , Sinigaglia Barbara , Auteri Giuseppe , Vianelli Nicola , Cavo Michele , Palandri Francesca , Catani Lucia
Published: July 2018

Inflammation may play a role in cancer. However, the contribution of cytokine-mediated crosstalk between normal hemopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and their (inflammatory) microenvironment is largely elusive. Here we compared survival, phenotype, and function of neonatal (umbilical cord blood (CB)) and adult (normal G-CSF-mobilized peripheral blood (mPB)) CD34+cells afterin vitroexposure to combined crucial inflammatory factors such as interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-)α, or tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1). To mimic bone marrow (BM) niche, coculture experiments with normal BM stromal cells (BMSCs) were also performed. We found that combined inflammatory cytokines increased only thein vitrosurvival of CB-derived CD34+cells by reducing apoptosis. Conversely, selected combinations of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β + TNF-α, IL-6 + TNF-α, and IL-1β + TNF-α + TIMP-1) mainly enhanced thein vitroCXCR4-driven migration of mPB-derived CD34+cells. TNF-α, alone or in combination, upregulated CD44 and CD13 expression in both sources. Finally, BMSCs alone increased survival/migration of CB- and mPB-derived CD34+cells at the same extent of the combined inflammatory cytokines; importantly, their copresence did not show additive/synergistic effect. Taken together, these data indicate that combined proinflammatory stimuli promote distinctin vitrofunctional activation of neonatal or adult normal HSPCs.
Towards Reduced‐Order Models of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
Authors: Ławryńczuk Maciej
Published: July 2018

The objective of this work is to find precise reduced‐order discrete‐time models of a solid oxide fuel cell, which is a multiple‐input multiple‐output dynamic process. At first, the full‐order discrete‐time model is found from the continuous‐time first‐principle description. Next, the discrete‐time submodels of hydrogen, oxygen, and water pressures (intermediate variables) are reduced. Two model reduction methods based on observability and controllability Grammians are compared: the state truncation method and reduction by residualisation. In all comparisons, the second method gives better results in terms of dynamic and steady‐state errors as well as Nyquist plots. Next, the influence of the order of the pressure models on the errors of the process outputs (the voltage and the pressure difference) is studied. It is found that the number of pressure model parameters may be reduced from 25 to 19 without any deterioration of model accuracy. Two suboptimal reduced models are also discussed with only 14 and 11 pressure parameters, which give dynamic trajectories and steady‐state characteristics that are very similar to those obtained from the full‐order structure.
Metric Induced Morphological Operators on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Hypergraphs
Authors: Dhanya P. M. , Sreekumar A. , Jathavedan M. , Ramkumar P. B.
Published: July 2018

A hypergraph consisting of hyperedges and nodes can be made intuitionistic fuzzy hypergraph (IFHG) by assigning membership and nonmembership degrees for both nodes and edges. Just as a hypergraph, an IFHG is also having hyperedges consisting of many nodes. Many flavours of a given IFHG can be created by applying morphological operators like dilation, erosion, adjunction, etc. The focus of this paper is to define morphological adjunction, opening, closing, and Alternative Sequential Filter (ASF) on IFHG. The system modeled in this way finds application in text processing, image processing, network analysis, and many other areas.
A Note on the Risk of Infections Invading Unaffected Regions
Authors: Amaku Marcos , Coutinho Francisco Antonio Bezerra , Armstrong Margaret , Massad Eduardo
Published: July 2018

We present two probabilistic models to estimate the risk of introducing infectious diseases into previously unaffected countries/regions by infective travellers. We analyse two distinct situations, one dealing with a directly transmitted infection (measles in Italy in 2017) and one dealing with a vector-borne infection (Zika virus in Rio de Janeiro, which may happen in the future). To calculate the risk in the first scenario, we used a simple, nonhomogeneous birth process. The second model proposed in this paper provides a way to calculate the probability that local mosquitoes become infected by the arrival of a single infective traveller during his/her infectiousness period. The result of the risk of measles invasion of Italy was of 93% and the result of the risk of Zika virus invasion of Rio de Janeiro was of 22%.
Delayed Eruption of Permanent Dentition and Maxillary Contraction in Patients with Cleidocranial Dysplasia: Review and Report of a Family
Authors: Impellizzeri A. , Midulla G. , Romeo U. , La Monaca C. , Barbato E. , Galluccio G.
Published: July 2018

Introduction. Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is an inherited disease caused by mutations in the RUNX2 gene on chromosome 6p21. This pathology, autosomal dominant or caused by a spontaneous genetic mutation, is present in one in one million individuals, with complete penetrance and widely variable expressivity. Aim. To identify the incidence of these clinical findings in the report of the literature by means of PubMed interface from 2002 to 2015, with the related keywords. The report of local patients presents a clinical example, related to the therapeutic approach. Results and Discussions. The PubMed research resulted in 122 articles. All the typical signs were reported in all presented cases. The maxilla was hypoplastic in 94% of the patients. Missing of permanent teeth was found in two cases: one case presented a class II jaw relationship, instead of class III malocclusion. Similar findings were present in our cohort. Conclusion. CCD is challenging for both the dental team and the patient. The treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach. Further studies are required to better understand the cause of this disease. According to this review, a multistep approach enhances the possibilities to achieve the recovery of the most possible number of teeth, as such to obtain a good occlusion and a better aesthetic.
A Review of 5G Power Amplifier Design at cm‐Wave and mm‐Wave Frequencies
Authors: Lie D. Y. C. , Mayeda J. C. , Li Y. , Lopez J.
Published: July 2018

The 5G wireless revolution presents some dramatic challenges to the design of handsets and communication infrastructures, as 5G targets higher than 10 Gbps download speed using millimeter‐wave (mm‐Wave) spectrum with multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) antennas, connecting densely deployed wireless devices for Internet‐of‐Everything (IoE), and very small latency time for ultrareliable machine type communication, etc. The broadband modulation bandwidth for 5G RF transmitters (i.e., maximum possibly even above 1 GHz) demands high‐power efficiency and stringent linearity from its power amplifier (PA). Additionally, the phased‐array MIMO antennas with numerous RF front‐ends (RFFEs) will require unprecedented high integration level with low cost, making the design of 5G PA one of the most challenging tasks. As the centimeter‐wave (cm‐Wave) 5G systems will probably be deployed on the market earlier than their mm‐Wave counterparts, we will review in this paper the latest development on 15 GHz and 28 GHz 5G cm‐Wave PAs extensively, while also covering some key mm‐Wave PAs in the literature. Our review will focus on the available options of device technologies, novel circuit and system architectures, and efficiency enhancement techniques at power back‐off for 5G PA design.
Pyrethroid Acaricide Resistance Is Proportional to P-450 Cytochrome Oxidase Expression in the Cattle TickRhipicephalus microplus
Authors: Cossío-Bayúgar Raquel , Martínez-Ibañez Francisco , Aguilar-Díaz Hugo , Miranda-Miranda Estefan
Published: July 2018

The goal of the present study was to assess the gene expression of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XMEs) Cytochrome P-450 (CYP) and carboxylesterase (CE) related to detoxification of synthetic pyrethroids, plus acetylcholinesterase (AChE), in field isolates of acaricide-resistant Rhipicephalus microplus. The XMEs expression levels were assessed by mRNA measurement using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. The XME expression levels of field-isolated acaricide-resistant ticks were compared against acaricide-susceptible reference ticks used in this study as a gene expression baseline and represented as relative expression units (REU). Field isolates were subjected to toxicological bioassays and determined resistant to all the Pyr acaricides (Pyr), whereas most of them were found susceptible to organophosphorous acaricides (OP), with the exception of three isolates, which exhibited moderate resistance to Diazinon. Significantly higher levels of CYP were detected in pyrethroid-resistance ticks when compared to Su ticks (P<0.01). A linear regression analysis showed that pyrethroid acaricide resistance levels of R. microplus were proportional to the CYP expression levels (correlation coefficient (R):0.85; P<0.05). Analysis on CE expression levels showed only one isolate resistant to Pyr and OP with a statistically significant increase (P<0.01). AChE expression levels showed statistically significant (P<0.01) subexpression in all tick isolates when compared to the susceptible reference. Our results suggest that pyrethroid acaricide resistance in the cattle tick may be diagnosed by measuring the CYP expression levels using quantitative PCR.
Gelatin-Based Edible Coating Combined with Mentha pulegium Essential Oil as Bioactive Packaging for Strawberries
Authors: Aitboulahsen Mohamed , Zantar Said , Laglaoui Amin , Chairi Hicham , Arakrak Abdelhay , Bakkali Mohammed , Hassani Zerrouk Mounir
Published: July 2018

The effect of gelatin-based edible coating incorporated with Mentha pulegium essential oil (MEO) on physicochemical (pH, titratable acidity (TA), weight loss, total soluble solids (TSS), and total phenolic content (TPC)), microbiological (total aerobic mesophilic flora (TAMF) and yeasts and moulds (YM)), and sensorial (color and firmness) characteristics of strawberries stored under refrigeration was studied. Strawberries were coated with gelatin alone (4%) and/or gelatin combined with two concentrations (0.5 and 1%) of MEO and stored at 4°C for 13 days. Gelatin coating and MEO combination significantly inhibited total flora and moulds and yeasts with comparison to control (uncoated strawberries) and had better hygienic quality at the end of storage. The effect was MEO concentration dependent. Our results also showed that the bioactive coating used in this investigation slowed down changes in pH, TA, weight loss, TSS, firmness, TPC, and color of strawberries. Gelatin coating incorporated with MEO at 1% protected at least 60% of strawberries from deterioration after 13 days of storage and could be used as bioactive packaging to prolong the shelf life and an alternative of pesticides use.
Characterization of Magnetic Nanoparticles Coated with Chitosan: A Potential Approach for Enzyme Immobilization
Authors: Díaz-Hernández Azariel , Gracida Jorge , García-Almendárez Blanca E. , Regalado Carlos , Núñez Rosario , Amaro-Reyes Aldo
Published: July 2018

Cross-linking of magnetic nanoparticles with proteins plays a significant role in the preparation of new materials for biotechnological applications. The aim was the maximization of the magnetic mass attracted and protein loading of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with chitosan, synthesized in a single step by alkaline precipitation. Chitosan-coated magnetite particles (Fe3O4@Chitosan) were cross-linked to a xylanase and a cellulase (Fe3O4@Chitosan@Proteins), showing a 93% of the magnetic saturation of the magnetite. X-ray diffraction pattern in composites corresponds to magnetite. Thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry showed that 162 mg of chitosan was coating one gram of composite and 12 mg of protein was cross-linked to each gram of magnetic support. Cross-linking between enzymes and Fe3O4@Chitosan was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform, X-ray energy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy dispersion analysis. From dynamic light scattering, transmission and electron microscopy the average particle size distribution was 230 nm and 430 nm for Fe3O4@Chitosan and Fe3O4@Chitosan@Proteins, showing agglomerates of individual spherical particles, with an average diameter of 8.5 nm and 10.8 nm, respectively. The preparation method plays a key role in determining the particle size and shape, size distribution, surface chemistry, and, therefore, the applications of the superparamagnetic nanoparticles.
PET and Neck Ultrasound for the Detection of Cervical Lymphadenopathy in Patients with Lung Cancer and Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed , Flannery Antoinette , Daneshvar Cyrus , Breen David
Published: July 2018

Background: Cervical lymph nodes are frequently involved in patients with lung cancer and indicate inoperability. Some guidelines recommend neck ultrasound (NUS) in patients with bulky mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Positron emission tomography (PET) is indicated for patients with potentially curable disease. Objectives: We aimed to assess the diagnostic yield of NUS and the diagnostic accuracy of PET for cervical lymphadenopathy in this group with a high pre-test probability of N3 disease. Methods: Records of all patients with lung cancer who underwent an NUS over a consecutive 5-year period were reviewed. Only patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy on computerised tomography (CT) were included. The diagnostic accuracy of PET was assessed with NUS-guided fine needle aspiration cytology used as the reference test. Results: During the study period, 123 patients met the inclusion criteria. Malignant cervical lymphadenopathy was confirmed in 49/123 (39.8% [95% CI 31.1–49.1]). PET-CT had a specificity of 81.1%, sensitivity of 87.5%, negative predictive value of 96.8% and positive predictive value of 50% for the detection of cervical lymphadenopathy, and it contributed no additional staging information in the neck area. Overall, PET led to a change in management in only 2.2% of cases. Conclusion: A significant proportion of patients with lung cancer and mediastinal lymphadenopathy have cervical lymphadenopathy detected by NUS. In this group of patients, PET offers minimal additional value in staging and management.
Scotopic Microperimetric Assessment of Rod Function in Stargardt Disease (SMART) Study: Design and Baseline Characteristics (Report No. 1)
Authors: Strauss Rupert W. , Kong Xiangrong , Bittencourt Millena G. , Ho Alexander , Jha Anamika , Schönbach Etienne M. , Ahmed Mohamed I. , Muñoz Beatriz , Ervin Ann-Margret , Michaelides Michel , Birch David G. , Sahel José-Alain , Sunness Janet S. , Zrenner Eberhart , Bagheri Saghar , Ip Michael , Sadda SriniVas , West Sheila , Scholl Hendrik P.N. ,   for the SMART Study Group
Published: July 2018

Purpose: To describe the study design and characteristics at first visit of participants in the longitudinal Scotopic Microperimetric Assessment of Rod Function in Stargardt Disease (SMART) study. Methods: Scotopic microperimetry (sMP) was performed in one designated study eye in a subset of participants with molecularly proven ABCA4-associated Stargardt disease (STGD1) enrolled in a multicenter natural history study (ProgStar). Study visits were every 6 months over a period ranging from 6 to 24 months, and also included fundus autofluorescence (FAF). Results: SMART enrolled 118 participants (118 eyes). At the first visit of SMART, the mean sensitivity in mesopic microperimetry was 11.48 (±5.05; range 0.00–19.88) dB and in sMP 11.25 (±5.26; 0–19.25) dB. For FAF, all eyes had a lesion of decreased autofluorescence (mean lesion size 3.62 [±3.48; 0.10–21.46] mm2), and a total of 76 eyes (65.5%) had a lesion of definitely decreased autofluorescence with a mean lesion size of 3.46 (±3.60; 0.21–21.46) mm2. Conclusions: Rod function is impaired in STGD1 and can be assessed by sMP. Testing rod function may serve as a potential outcome measure for future clinical treatment trials. This is evaluated in the SMART study.
Subungual Metastasis of an Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate in a Finger
Authors: García-Galaviz Ramón , Domínguez-Cherit Judith , Caro-Sánchez Claudia , Salazar-Rojas Elizabeth
Published: July 2018

Cutaneous metastasis is a rare event occurring most frequently in patients previously diagnosed with cancer. However, subungual metastases are even less frequent. The most common neoplasms associated with the latter are lung, kidney, and breast neoplasms. Lung cancer is the main cause of subungual metastases in the fingers, and genitourinary tract tumors are the main cause of subungual metastases in the toes. This is the first case report of an adenocarcinoma of the prostate with subungual metastasis.
Endovascular Management of a Rare Case of Pediatric Vertebral Artery Mycotic Aneurysm: A Case Report
Authors: Nadarajah Jeyaseelan , Sebastian Leve Joseph Devarajan , Jain Nishchint , Gaikwad S.B. , Jauhari Prashant , Saini Ashish
Published: July 2018

Pediatric posterior-circulation aneurysms are uncommon, difficult-to-treat lesions associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Infections and trauma are important risk factors in children. Here, we present a 10-year-old boy with a lower respiratory tract infection, rapidly progressive right-neck swelling, and weakness of the right upper limb. Imaging revealed a partially thrombosed right vertebral-artery pseudoaneurysm with multiple cavitory lung lesions. Subsequent laboratory work-up showed underlying primary immunodeficiency disorder (chronic granulomatous disease). The aneurysm was successfully managed by parent-artery occlusion. The child made a complete recovery without neurological sequelae.
Lichen Planopilaris in the Setting of Hair Sunscreen Spray
Authors: Canavan Theresa N. , McClees Sarah F. , Duncan James Robert , Elewski Boni E.
Published: July 2018

Lichen planopilaris (LPP) is a scarring alopecia seen classically in older Caucasian women. Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a distinct disease that shares the histologic and trichoscopic features of LPP but differs in its clinical presentation in that it involves the frontal scalp and occasionally the eyelashes and eyebrows of older Caucasian women. Several recent studies have described a link between FFA and the use of sunscreen. Here we report a case of LPP arising in the part line of the scalp of a woman with a history of long-term daily application of spray-on sunscreen to the hair part line.
A hora dos fornos e o cinema político italiano por volta de 1968
Authors: Mestman Mariano
Published: July 2018

A IV Mostra del Nuovo Cinema di Pesaro (Itália) foi um evento-chave no qual confluiu o cinema político latino-americano. Em junho de 1968, entre os festivais de Cannes (maio) e Veneza (agosto-setembro) – sacudidos pelas revoltas do 1968 –, Pesaro também viveu dias agitados, convulsionados. Foi aí que A hora dos fornos (1966-1968), de Solanas e Getino, teve sua estreia internacional. Este artigo reconstrói os eventos de Pesaro a partir de documentos internos da Mostra, além de escritos e testemunhos de seus principais protagonistas italianos: Lino Micciché, Goffredo Fofi, Valentino Orsini, entre outros. Ao mesmo tempo, o texto revisita os vínculos prévios de Solanas e Getino com o cinema político italiano, bem como a inserção de A hora dos fornos no circuito do cinema militante daquele país.
Metodologias Ativas de Ensino e Aprendizagem no Curso de Direito: Breves Relatos da Experiência na Faculdade Ages
Authors: De Melo Celso Eduardo Santos
Published: July 2018

Este relato tem por finalidade expor uma experiência de utilização de metodologia ativa de ensino e aprendizagem no curso de Direito da Faculdade Ages. A base metodológica empregada pretende incentivar o estudante a buscar elementos para a elaboração de casos para estudo (narrativas com propósitos educativos produzidas a partir da realidade vivenciada pelos alunos), que serão vistos em todos os trabalhos desenvolvidos em sala de aula. O modelo ora apresentado tem como objetivo reunir ensino, pesquisa e extensão em um só modus operandi. Os casos para estudo são elaborados a partir dos relatórios de observação da realidade, obtidos em projetos de extensão. Os professores de cada disciplina proporcionam discussões com “tempestade de ideias” e os alunos levantam hipóteses e formulam questionamentos que serão respondidos de acordo com a pesquisa em doutrina, legislação e jurisprudência adequadas para as hipóteses de solução dos problemas identificados. Como resultado, cada aluno apresenta um texto escrito com sua resposta e elabora um mapa conceitual relacionando os elementos práticos e teóricos que compõem sua solução para o caso indicado. Este exercício de problematização é proposto segundo o Arco de Maguerez com o objetivo de dinamizar as aulas e colocar os alunos como protagonistas de seu próprio ensino e aprendizagem.
Acompanhamento dos Estudantes pela Comissão Coordenadora do Curso de Enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo
Authors: Leonello Valéria Marli , Campos Célia Maria Sivalli , Sigaud Cecília Helena de Siqueira , Toriyama Aurea Tamami Minagawa , Nogueira Paula Cristina
Published: July 2018

O objetivo deste relato é descrever a atividade de acompanhamento pedagógico e apoio aos estudantes, realizada pela Comissão Coordenadora do Curso (CoC) do bacharelado em Enfermagem da Escola de Enfermagem da USP (EEUSP), formada por quatro professoras que se colocam como tutoras de referência para cada uma das quatro turmas de graduandos. Esse processo tem se mostrado como um instrumento que nos desvela limites e potencialidades do currículo, desencadeando processos de enfrentamento institucional, como aprimoramento do curso, realização de atividades voltadas à formação docente, promoção de mostra cultural e exibição de filmes com debate. Tais atividades vêm contribuindo para a qualificação da formação de enfermeiros.
Subsistema de Saúde Suplementar: Ensino em Cursos de Graduação na Área da Saúde
Authors: Ventura Carla Aparecida Arena , Salvatori Rachel Torres , Carrara Bruna Sordi , Santos Juliana Cristina dos , Silva Liane Cristina Toyonaga da
Published: July 2018

O subsistema de saúde suplementar brasileiro é pouco explorado nos cursos de graduação na área da saúde. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar se tal temática está presente nos currículos dos cursos de graduação na área da saúde da USP/Ribeirão Preto. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se a análise documental, realizada por meio do exame dos currículos dos nove cursos de graduação na área da saúde da USP/Ribeirão Preto, por meio do sistema Jupiterweb. Foram coletadas 61 ementas dentre as 1218 existentes nas bases do sistema. As ementas de todas as disciplinas dos referidos cursos foram identificadas com as palavras-chave relacionadas à temática. Verificou-se que a grade curricular da maioria dos cursos não oferece conteúdo teórico aos alunos em relação ao subsistema de saúde suplementar. A revisão das ementas das disciplinas mostrou que o assunto não está sendo contemplado. Entende-se que existe uma necessidade de se repensar o currículo, com a introdução dessa temática, visto que é fundamental que o aluno de um curso da saúde, futuro profissional nessa área, conheça as características do sistema para que possa operar corretamente o direito à saúde.
O Que os Estudantes Consideram na Escolha do Curso de Graduação?
Authors: Cavalheiro Maria Gabriela , Mendes Caroline Antonelli , Corrêa Ana Paula Carvalho , Ferreira Francielle Martins , Berretin-Felix Giédre , Silverio Kelly Cristina Alves
Published: July 2018

O objetivo do presente estudo é conhecer o perfil dos estudantes com interesse de ingressar em um curso de graduação, quanto à idade, nível socioeconômico e preferências de áreas de estudo. Participaram do estudo 101 estudantes do ensino médio e cursinho pré-vestibular com idades entre 14 e 44 anos (média de 18 anos) pertencentes a duas instituições de ensino públicas e três particulares do município de Bauru, Estado de São Paulo, a maioria estudantes do 3º ano do ensino médio, com uma renda familiar entre dois e cinco salários mínimos e com preferência de estudo na área de Humanas. Os fatores que mais influenciam na escolha da profissão são: gostar da área de atuação, piso salarial e a afinidade com a disciplina no ensino médio. Na escolha do curso de graduação, os fatores que mais influenciam são: pertencer a uma instituição pública, se identificar com a área e o mercado de trabalho.
Iniciação Científica por Meio da Pesquisa Experimental In Vivo: Relato de Experiência Acadêmica
Authors: Almeida Genésio Lopes Mercês de , Sousa Fernanda Novaes de , Freitas Camilla Leandro de , Ribeiro Laís Silvi Massulo , Ferreira Rayane dos Santos , Barbosa Andreia Aparecida , Blanco Bruno Anjos , Souza André Luiz Thomaz de
Published: July 2018

A pesquisa científica é o alicerce para a evolução do conhecimento humano. Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever a experiência acadêmica na iniciação científica por meio da pesquisa experimental in vivo. A iniciação científica foi desenvolvida com o uso de terapias alternativas no tratamento da cicatrização da pele em ratos. O público-alvo envolveu alunos dos cursos de bacharelado em Enfermagem, Farmácia e Biologia. Durante a iniciação científica, os alunos participaram da leitura crítica de artigos científicos, da redação do projeto de pesquisa, do desenvolvimento experimental, de protocolos experimentais e de eventos científicos. A experiência resultou para o aluno no avanço na fronteira do conhecimento sobre as ciências básicas e no uso de modelos animais na pesquisa experimental. Contudo, a obtenção de recursos financeiros e humanos representou um obstáculo durante a condução das atividades. Conclui-se que a iniciação científica agrega valores essenciais na formação acadêmica, principalmente no que se refere à capacidade de tomada de decisão e de raciocínio crítico. Além disso, para o contexto deste relato resultou no maior interesse e na procura pela pesquisa científica.
O Perfil dos Fisioterapeutas Egressos da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo
Authors: Shiwa Sílvia Regina , João Silvia Maria Amado
Published: July 2018

O curso de Fisioterapia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP) foi o pioneiro no país. Conhecer o perfil do egresso é uma exigência no processo de avaliação institucional, orienta as instituições, embasa políticas públicas e é útil para a sociedade e estudantes como uma referência de cursos e instituições. Porém, não há na literatura informações sobre o perfil dos fisioterapeutas egressos da FMUSP. O presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever o perfil destes, tendo em vista aspectos demográficos, de formação e qualificação profissional, atuação no mercado de trabalho e conhecimento da legislação vigente. Participaram desta pesquisa 110 alunos egressos da FMUSP do curso de Fisioterapia através de um questionário on-line enviado pelo conselho regional da categoria (Crefito-3). Dos fisioterapeutas egressos da referida instituição, 88,2% são mulheres e jovens, 58,2% cursaram uma pós-graduação lato sensu e 35,5% uma pós-graduação stricto sensu principalmente para aprimorar os seus conhecimentos. A leitura de artigos científicos é a principal forma de atualização profissional, 80% dos participantes estão atuando como fisioterapeutas, e 78,1% possuem a fisioterapia como sua única fonte de renda, ganhando por mês um salário acima de R$ 3.000,00 (57,3%). Pode-se concluir que os fisioterapeutas egressos da FMUSP mostram-se diferenciados quanto à atuação no mercado de trabalho, com maior dedicação à docência e à pesquisa, maior atuação nas universidades, melhores salários e menores dificuldades em se inserirem no mercado de trabalho quando comparados aos fisioterapeutas do estado de São Paulo.
Found in Translation: An Arabic Phaedo Fragment (107d6-108c1) in Ruhāwī’s Adab al-ṭabīb and the Late Antique Transmission of Plato
Authors: Moseley Geoffrey
Published: July 2018

I provide the first study of an extended Arabic quotation from Plato’s Phaedo preserved in a work of medical ethics by the ninth-century physician al-Ruhāwī. This quotation, I argue, is valuable both for its antiquity (its Vorlage likely predated all extant non-papyri witnesses to the Phaedo) and for the text that it transmits. Through an analysis of seven readings transmitted in the quotation, I conclude that the Arabic version is of significant textual value. A valuable new witness to the late antique, Neoplatonic tradition of Plato, it presents a plausible and unique set of variants and confirms that the tradition had been extensively contaminated even before the production of the earliest extant codices.
The Duty of Arbitrators to Delimitate between Jurisdiction and Admissibility in Investor-State Arbitration: A Developed Consensus or an Enduring Lacuna?
Authors: Earnest David L.
Published: July 2018

This article considers the growing influence that de facto precedent, in the form of jurisprudence constante, has on the duties and interpretive powers of investor-state arbitration tribunals. Specifically, a review of case law from the past decade establishes that tribunals are consistently and coherently recognizing a delimitation between the “jurisdiction” of a tribunal and the “admissibility” of a claim, and the practical effect of those two individual concepts. This has therefore created a jurisprudence constante that, in appropriate circumstances, should be followed by investor-state arbitration tribunals.
Salini’s Nature: Arbitrators’ Duty of Jurisdictional Policing
Authors: Bechky Perry S.
Published: July 2018

This article examines the duty of jurisdictional policing that Salini v. Morocco inferred from the ICSID Convention. According to Salini, ICSID arbitrators must determine whether a dispute arises from an “investment” that satisfies an objective definition of that term, regardless of the subjective definition used by the parties to a case. Salini thus suggests that this duty cannot be waived or varied by the parties. Its proponents claim that Salini’s duty serves ICSID’s vital institutional interests. Moreover, ICSID can enforce Salini’s duty. Taken together, these considerations signal that Salini’s duty is owed not only to the parties to the case, but also to ICSID itself as an institution. As Salini migrates beyond ICSID to other investor-state tribunals, however, the nature of this duty may be revealed as not only institutional but systemic – a duty inherent in the investor-state arbitrators’ function that serves the interests of the investor-state dispute system.
Approaches to Arbitrator Intimidation in Investor-State Dispute Settlement: Impartiality, Independence, and the Challenge of Regulating Behaviour
Authors: Nowrot Karsten , Sipiorski Emily
Published: July 2018

Intimidation of arbitrators in investment law is a rarely approached but significant threat to the legitimacy of the arbitral process. The article discusses the legal basis in the relevant treaties and conventions, as well as general principles of law, in regulating the behaviour and maintaining the impartiality and independence of arbitrators. With consideration of the distinct sources of intimidation, the article pursues the complicated reality of fairly approaching intimidation that comes from different actors, in particular from one of the parties. Respecting that dismissal of a compromised arbitrator may be in line with the desires of the actor and that the arbitrators typically take the decision on whether to dismiss, alternative methods for ensuring a fair trial and due process are assessed. The article concludes by looking with a critical eye at the current structure of the system and the possibility of unknown intimidations.
Investment Arbitration and the Controverted Right of the Arbitrator to Issue a Separate or Dissenting Opinion
Authors: Titi Catharine
Published: July 2018

Although dissents are not generally encouraged in international arbitration, they are a reality of investment treaty disputes. About one in five cases includes at least one separate or dissenting opinion. The ICSID Convention is rare among investment arbitration rules to expressly recognise the right of the arbitrator to attach his or her personal opinion to the award. Other investment arbitration rules are silent on the topic. And yet dissenting opinions are an established feature of several international courts and tribunals and their role is often viewed more benevolently than in investment arbitration. The article explores the perceived advantages and disadvantages of dissents as identified in different legal settings, including in public international courts and municipal legal systems, and critically applies them to investment arbitration. Normatively, it expects that dissents function in a broadly similar manner in investment arbitration and in other public international courts and tribunals. But it also recognises that this is nuanced by particularities of context and notably the terms of appointment of the adjudicator.
A Note on the Activation of the ICC’s Jurisdiction over the Crime of Aggression
Authors: Quintana Juan José
Published: July 2018

On 14 December 2017, the 16th Assembly of States Parties (ASP) to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court adopted a resolution concerning the topic “Activation of the jurisdiction of the Court over the crime of aggression”. It is to be welcomed that this decision was taken by consensus, given that over the last year a serious disagreement had arisen among the States Parties to the Rome Statute with regard to the process of activation and its effects on the States that have not yet ratified or accepted the 2010 Kampala Amendments on the crime of aggression. The purpose of this article is to examine the process that led to the adoption of the activation resolution and to discuss how the said difference of views was overcome, on the eve of the 16th ASP.
Vitales, D., Nieto Feliner, G., Vallès, J., Garnatje, T., Fırat, M. & Álvarez, I. (2018) A new circumscription of the Mediterranean genus Anacyclus (Anthemideae, Asteraceae) based on plastid and nuclear DNA markers. Phytotaxa 349 (1): 1–17.
Authors: VITALES DANIEL , FELINER GONZALO NIETO , VALLÈS JOAN , GARNATJE TERESA , FIRAT MEHMET , ÁLVAREZ INÉS
Published: July 2018

N/A
Hyla prasina Burmeister, 1856 meets the requirements of Article 23.9.1 of the Code for a reversal of precedence over Hyla quoyi Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1828 (Anura, Hylidae)
Authors: KOLENC FRANCISCO , BALDO DIEGO
Published: July 2018

In a recent work, Ohler and Dubois (2018) discussed the correct application of Article 23.9 of the Code (Anonymous, 1999; 2012) and illustrated it with some concrete cases in which the authors considered that the Article was misinterpreted. Article 23.9 of the Code allows the “reversal of precedence”, that is, that when a senior homonym or synonym has not been used as a valid nomen after 1899 (Article 23.9.1.1) and its junior synonym or homonym has been used as valid for the same taxon in at least 25 works published by at least 10 authors in the immediately preceding 50 years and encompassing a span of not less than 10 years (Article 23.9.1.2), the junior homonym or synonym must be maintained as valid (Article 23.9.1). One of the cases considered by Ohler and Dubois (2018) is the treatment given by Caramaschi and Niemeyer (2010) to the names Hyla prasina Burmeister, 1856 (under the combination Hypsiboas prasinus), and Hyla quoyi Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1828.
Applicability of Femtosecond Laser Electronic Excitation Tagging in Combustion Flow Field Velocity Measurements
Authors: Zhang Dayuan , Li Bo , Gao Qiang , Li Zhongshan
Published: July 2018

Femtosecond laser electronic excitation tagging (FLEET) is a molecular tagging velocimetry technique that can be applied in combustion flow fields, although detailed studies of its application in combustion are still needed. We report the applicability of FLEET in premixed CH4–air flames. We found that FLEET can be applied in all of the combustion areas (e.g., the unburned region, the burned region and the reaction zone). The FLEET signal in the unburned region is significantly higher than that in the burned region. This technique is suitable for both lean and rich CH4–air combustion flow fields and its performance in lean flames is better than that in rich flames.
Validated Approaches for Quantification of Bone Mineral Crystallinity Using Transmission Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR) FT-IR, and Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Querido William , Ailavajhala Ramyasri , Padalkar Mugdha , Pleshko Nancy
Published: July 2018

Bone mineral crystallinity is an important factor determining bone quality and strength. The gold standard method to quantify crystallinity is X-ray diffraction (XRD), but vibrational spectroscopic methods present powerful alternatives to evaluate a greater variety of sample types. We describe original approaches by which transmission Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), attenuated total reflection (ATR) FT-IR, and Raman spectroscopy can be confidently used to quantify bone mineral crystallinity. We analyzed a range of biological and synthetic apatite nanocrystals (10–25 nm) and found strong correlations between different spectral factors and the XRD determination of crystallinity. We highlight striking differences between FT-IR spectra obtained by transmission and ATR. In particular, we show for the first time the absence of the 1030 cm−1 crystalline apatite peak in ATR FT-IR spectra, which excludes its use for analyzing crystallinity using the traditional 1030/1020 cm−1 ratio. The ν4PO4 splitting ratio was also not adequate to evaluate crystallinity using ATR FT-IR. However, we established original approaches by which ATR FT-IR can be used to determine apatite crystallinity, such as the 1095/1115 and 960/1115 cm−1 peak ratios in the second derivative spectra. Moreover, we found a simple unified approach that can be applied for all three vibrational spectroscopy modalities: evaluation of the ν1PO4 peak position. Our results allow the recommendation of the most reliable analytical methods to estimate bone mineral crystallinity by vibrational spectroscopy, which can be readily implemented in many biomineralization, archeological and orthopedic studies. In particular, we present a step forward in advancing the use of the increasingly utilized ATR FT-IR modality for mineral research.
A Novel Pre-Processing Algorithm Based on the Wavelet Transform for Raman Spectrum
Authors: Xi Yang , Li Yuee , Duan Zhizhen , Lu Yang
Published: July 2018

Noise and fluorescent background are two major problems for acquiring Raman spectra from samples, which blur Raman spectra and make Raman detection or imaging difficult. In this paper, a novel algorithm based on wavelet transform that contains denoising and baseline correction is presented to automatically extract Raman signals. For the denoising section, the improved conventional-scale correlation denoising method is proposed. The baseline correction section, which is performed after denoising, basically consists of five aspects: (1) detection of the peak position; (2) approximate second derivative calculation based on continuous wavelet transform is performed using the Haar wavelet function to find peaks and background areas; (3) the threshold is estimated from the peak intensive area for identification of peaks; (4) correction of endpoints, spectral peaks, and peak position; and (5) determine the endpoints of the peak after subtracting the background. We tested this algorithm for simulated and experimental Raman spectra, and a satisfactory denoising effect and a good capability to correct background are observed. It is noteworthy that this algorithm requires few human interventions, which enables automatic denoising and background removal.
Framing by the Flock: Collective Issue Definition and Advocacy Success
Authors: Junk Wiebke Marie , Rasmussen Anne
Published: July 2018

The framing of issues is part of the tool kit used by lobbyists in modern policy making, yet the ways in which framing works to affect lobbying success across issues remain underexplored. Analyzing a new dataset of lobbying in the news on 50 policy issues in five European countries, we demonstrate that it is not individual but collective framing that matters: Emphasis frames that enjoy collective backing from lobbying camps of like-minded advocates affect an advocate’s success, rather than frames being voiced by individual advocates. Crucially, it matters for advocacy success whether the advocate’s camp frames its policy goals on an issue in unity with “one voice” and whether the actor’s camp wins the contest of framing the issue vis-à-vis the opposing camp. Our results emphasize the need to consider the collective mechanisms behind the power of framing and have implications for future research on framing as an advocacy tool.