bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Echogenic swirling pattern, carcinoembryonic antigen, and lactate dehydrogenase in the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion
Authors: Chian Chih-Feng , Wu Fu-Ping , Tsai Chen-Liang , Peng Chung-Kan , Shen Chih-Hao , Perng Wann-Cherng , Hsu Shih-Chang
Published: March 2022

The echogenic swirling pattern has a role in predicting malignant pleural effusion (MPE). However, its predictive ability is suboptimal, and its clinical utility remains to be defined. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic potential of the echogenic swirling pattern combined with pleural carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and routine laboratory tests of pleural effusion in MPE. The 80 consecutive patients with underlying malignancy and pleural effusions were recruited. All patients underwent one diagnostic thoracentesis with a cytologic examination of pleural fluid. Our study showed that the sensitivity of echogenic swirling patterns in MPE diagnosis was 67.7%, specificity was 72.2%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 89.4%, and negative predictive value (NPV) was 39.4%. Both CEA and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) had acceptable sensitivity (71.0% and 60.7%) and specificity (72.2% and 77.8%). Combining the echogenic swirling pattern, pleural CEA, and pleural LDH, the highest sensitivity (95.2%) with a good PPV (86.8) was reached. In this clinical study, we found that combining the echogenic swirling pattern, pleural CEA, and pleural LDH had a higher sensitivity and a high positive predictive value for the diagnosis of MPE. This combination is a potentially suitable method for MPE screening in cancer patients with pleural effusions.
Analysis of keratometric measurements in accordance with axial length in an aged population
Authors: Han Sung Uk , Ryu Soyoung , Jung Hyunjean , Ahn Hyunmin , Kim Sangyeop , Jun Ikhyun , Seo Kyoung Yul , Kim Tae-im
Published: March 2022

To investigate keratometric measurements according to axial length in an aged population. Patients requiring cataract surgery with keratometric measurements from four different ophthalmic devices (autorefractor/keratometer, Scheimpflug imaging, corneal topography/ray-tracing aberrometry, and partial coherence interferometry) between January 2016 and March 2021 were reviewed retrospectively. Cases for which four ophthalmic devices were deployed in the same order a day were included in this investigation. The corneal curvature of the flattest and steepest meridian, mean corneal curvature, corneal astigmatism, steepest axis location, and axial length were evaluated. In total, 250 eyes (137 patients) were included in the analysis. A negative correlation was found between mean corneal curvature and axial length, with correlation coefficients of 0.587, 0.592, 0.588, 0.591, 0.588, and 0.562 for autorefractor/keratometer, Scheimpflug imaging, corneal topography/ray-tracing aberrometry, partial coherence interferometry, total corneal refractive power of Scheimpflug imaging, and simulated keratometry of corneal topography/ray-tracing aberrometry measurements, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found for corneal astigmatism according to axial length. In axial length group of less than 26.0 mm, negative correlation was found between axial length and mean frontal corneal curvature while no correlation was found between axial length and corneal astigmatism. All four ophthalmic devices showed good inter-device reliability for mean corneal curvature but not corneal astigmatism.
Mechanical performance of graphenex/poly(ether ketone ketone) composite sheets by hot pressing
Authors: Wang Q. B. , Jia D. L. , Pei X. H. , Wu X. L. , Xu F. , Ye Z. H. , Wang H. X.
Published: March 2022

Polymer composites are gradually replacing traditional metal materials in the fields of aviation, aerospace, automotive and medicine due to their corrosion resistance, light weight and high strength. Moulding technology and organization morphology of polymer composite are key elements affecting the quality of products and their application, so a vacuum hot pressing process for graphenex/poly(ether ketone ketone) (PEKK) (x = 0%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%) composite powders is explored with particularly designed moulding parameters to achieve high conductive properties and good mechanical properties in graphene/PEKK composite sheet with thickness of 1.25 mm and diameter of 80 mm. The vacuum environment ensures that the graphene is not oxidized by air during hot pressing molding, which is essential for achieving conductive property in the graphene/PEKK composite; The hot pressing temperature of each graphene/PEKK composite powder is higher than glass transition temperature but lower than melting temperature, which ensures the graphene/PEKK composite powders is fully compacted and then graphene is fully lapped in the composite sheet. In addition, the graphene/PEKK composite sheet shows conductive property when the graphene content increases to 3wt%, and then the conductivity of the composites increases and then decreases with a peak value at 5wt% with increasing graphene content. By comparing the mechanical properties and microstructure morphology of the graphene/PEKK composite sheets, it was obtained that graphene content has an obvious effect on the mechanical properties of the composites, e.g., the mechanical properties will be increased as the graphene content increasing when graphene content is more than 3%. The graphene distribution law of the composite material with different graphene contents is analysed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
Collision of germline POLE and PMS2 variants in a young patient treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Berrino Enrico , Filippi Roberto , Visintin Clara , Peirone Serena , Fenocchio Elisabetta , Farinea Giovanni , Veglio Franco , Aglietta Massimo , Sapino Anna , Cereda Matteo , Visintin Rosella , Pasini Barbara , Marchiò Caterina
Published: March 2022

The onset of multiple and metachronous tumors in young patients induces to suspect the presence of genetic variants in genes associated with tumorigenesis. We describe here the unusual case of a 16-year-old patient who developed a synchronous bifocal colorectal adenocarcinoma with distant metastases. We provide high throughput molecular characterization with whole-exome sequencing (WES) and DNA targeted sequencing of different tumoral lesions and normal tissue samples that led to unveil a germline POLE mutation (p.Ser297Cys) coexisting with the PMS2 c.2174 + 1 G > A splicing mutation. This clinical scenario defines a “POLE-LYNCH” collision syndrome, which explains the ultra-mutator phenotype observed in the tumor lesions, and the presence of MMR deficiency-associated unusual signatures. The patient was successfully treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors but subsequently developed a high-grade urothelial carcinoma cured by surgery. We complement this analysis with a transcriptomic characterization of tumoral lesions with a panel targeting 770 genes related to the tumor microenvironment and immune evasion thus getting insight on cancer progression and response to immunotherapy.
Photo-magnetization in two-dimensional sliding ferroelectrics
Authors: Zhou Jian
Published: March 2022

Light–matter interaction is one of the key routes to understanding and manipulating geometric and electronic behaviors of materials, especially two-dimensional materials which are optically accessible owing to their high surface to volume ratio. In the current work, we focus on the recently discovered two-dimensional sliding ferroelectric materials, in which the out-of-plane electric polarization can be switched with a small horizontal translation in one layer. Combining symmetry analysis and first-principles calculations, we predict that light illumination could inject non-equilibrium magnetic moments into the sliding ferroelectrics. Such magnetic moment is composed of both spin and orbital degrees of freedom contributions. We use ZrI2, WTe2, and MoS2 bilayer ferroelectrics to illustrate our theory. Under intermediate light illumination, one can yield non-equilibrium magnetic moments on the order of 0.1–1 μB in these systems, which also depends on the polarization nature of incident light. Furthermore, we show that such photo-injected magnetism changes its sign when the sliding dipole moment switches. This photo-magnetization can be detected by magneto-optical methods (such as Kerr or Faraday effect), which serves as an indicator of sliding ferroelectricity. Hence, one can use an all-optical pump and probe setup to measure and detect the subtle sliding ferroelectric phase.
Economic evaluation and analyses of hospital-based electronic medical records (EMRs): a scoping review of international literature
Authors: Nguyen Kim-Huong , Wright Chad , Simpson Digby , Woods Leanna , Comans Tracy , Sullivan Clair
Published: March 2022

Digital transformation is expensive and rarely smooth, often leading to higher costs than anticipated. It is challenging to demonstrate the contribution of digital health investment in achieving the healthcare aims of population health and workforce sustainability. We conducted a scoping review to understand how electronic medical record (EMR) implementations in the hospital setting have been evaluated using cost–benefit analysis (CBA) approaches. The review search resulted in 1184 unique articles, a final list of 28 was collated of which 20 were US-based studies. All studies were published in 2010–2019, with fewer studies published in more recent years. The data used to estimate benefits and costs were dated from 1996 to 2016, with most data from 2000 to 2010. Only three studies were qualified as using cost–benefit analysis approaches. While studies indicated that there is a positive impact from the EMR implementation, the impacts measured varied greatly. We concluded that the current literature demonstrates a lack of appropriate and comprehensive economic frameworks to understand the value of digital hospital implementations. Additionally, most studies failed to align fully to the quadruple aims of healthcare: they focused either on cost savings and/or improved patient outcomes and population health, none investigated healthcare-workforce sustainability.
Engineered Campylobacter jejuni Cas9 variant with enhanced activity and broader targeting range
Authors: Nakagawa Ryoya , Ishiguro Soh , Okazaki Sae , Mori Hideto , Tanaka Mamoru , Aburatani Hiroyuki , Yachie Nozomu , Nishimasu Hiroshi , Nureki Osamu
Published: March 2022

The RNA-guided DNA endonuclease Cas9 is a versatile genome-editing tool. However, the molecular weight of the commonly used Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 is relatively large. Consequently, its gene cannot be efficiently packaged into an adeno-associated virus vector, thereby limiting its applications for therapeutic genome editing. Here, we biochemically characterized the compact Cas9 from Campylobacter jejuni (CjCas9) and found that CjCas9 has a previously unrecognized preference for the N3VRYAC protospacer adjacent motif. We thus rationally engineered a CjCas9 variant (enCjCas9), which exhibits enhanced cleavage activity and a broader targeting range both in vitro and in human cells, as compared with CjCas9. Furthermore, a nickase version of enCjCas9, but not CjCas9, fused with a cytosine deaminase mediated C-to-T conversions in human cells. Overall, our findings expand the CRISPR-Cas toolbox for therapeutic genome engineering.
From six to eight Π-electron bare rings of group-XIV elements and beyond: can planarity be deciphered from the “quasi-molecules” they embed?
Authors: Varandas A. J. C.
Published: March 2022

Ab initiomolecular orbital theory is used to study the structures of six and eight π-electron bare rings of group-XIV elements, and even larger [n]annulenes up to C18H18, including some of their mono-, di-, tri-, and tetra-anions.
XMCD and ab initio study of interface-engineered ultrathin Ru/Co/W/Ru films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and strong Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction
Authors: Samardak Alexander S. , Ognev Alexey V. , Kolesnikov Alexander G. , Stebliy Maksim E. , Samardak Vadim Yu. , Iliushin Ilia G. , Pervishko Anastasiia A. , Yudin Dmitry , Platunov Mikhail , Ono Teruo , Wilhelm Fabrice , Rogalev Andrey
Published: March 2022

While in the Pt/Co/MgO films the interfacial DMI correlates with the anisotropy of the orbital magnetic moment and the dipole moment, our XMCD and ab initio study of the Ru/Co/W/Ru system reveals the correlation of DMI with the spin moment of W.
On the effects of induced polarizability at the water–graphene interface via classical charge-on-spring models
Authors: Escalona Yerko , Espinoza Nicolas , Barria-Urenda Mateo , Oostenbrink Chris , Garate Jose Antonio
Published: March 2022

Molecular models of the water–graphene interaction are essential to describe graphene in condensed phases.
Improving the performance of inorganic perovskite solar cells via the perovskite quantum dot dynamically mediated film growth method
Authors: Liu Yifan , Zheng Fei , Zhang Longlong , Ren Weihua , Sunli Zetong , Ma Yufei , Hao Yuying
Published: March 2022

Improving the performance of perovskite solar cells by using perovskite quantum dots as substrates.
Catalytic dissolution of metals from printed circuit boards using a calcium chloride–based deep eutectic solvent
Authors: Marin Rivera Rodolfo , Zante Guillaume , Hartley Jennifer M. , Ryder Karl S. , Abbott Andrew P.
Published: March 2022

Catalytic dissolution of metals from printed circuit boards using a calcium chloride–based deep eutectic solvent.
Synthesis, photocatalytic and antibacterial activities of a PDS-activated MgO nanocatalyst: experimental and theoretical studies
Authors: Sikdar Suranjan , Banu Afroja , Chakraborty Shohini , Baildya Nabajyoti , Majumdar Sukanta
Published: March 2022

PDS activation of MgO nanoparticles provides the opportunity to explore their applications and activities.
Conversion of plastic waste into fuel oil using zeolite catalysts in a bench-scale pyrolysis reactor
Authors: Sivagami Krishnasamy , Kumar Keshav V. , Tamizhdurai Perumal , Govindarajan Dhivakar , Kumar Madhiyazhagan , Nambi Indumathi
Published: March 2022

Catalytic pyrolysis of mixed plastic waste to fuel oil experiment was tested with ZSM-5 zeolite (commercial and synthesized) catalysts along with other catalysts.
Advancing students’ scientific inquiry performance in chemistry through reading and evaluative reflection
Authors: Tseng Yu-Jan , Hong Zuway-R. , Lin Huann-shyang
Published: March 2022

Inspired by existing literature indicating that reading literacy is significantly associated with scientific reasoning and chemistry conceptual understanding, this quasi-experimental study explored the effectiveness of reflective reading of scientific articles on student inquiry performance. A total of 134 10th graders from southern Taiwan were divided into two Experimental Groups (EG) and a Comparison Group (CG). Both EG1 and EG2 students engaged in reading and discussing scientific articles and planning their own experiments. Evaluative reflection on their peers’ experimental designs was emphasized for EG1 students while the recognition of variables in designing experimental procedures was emphasized for EG2 students. The CG students learned how to read and understand scientific articles without direct emphasis on their inquiry practices. The results revealed that EG students’ scientific inquiry performances of forming researchable questions and planning experimental procedures could be effectively improved by reading and reflecting on experimental design. Further analysis revealed that students with higher reflection ability performed better than those with lower reflection ability in the competency of experimental design applied to other contexts. Given that using reading in chemistry teaching is scarce, this study's pedagogical approach of reading with a focus on evaluative reflection provides an alternative teaching strategy for those teachers who do not have enough time or laboratory equipment to provide their students the opportunity of doing hands-on experiments.
Amphipathic poly-β-peptides for intracellular protein delivery
Authors: Ren Qianyi , Chen Qi , Ren Lanfang , Cao Chuntao , Liu Runhui , Cheng Yiyun
Published: March 2022

We design amphipathic poly-β-peptides for intracellular protein delivery and find that protein loading and delivery efficiency are positively correlated with molecular weight and hydrophobic contents.
Unusual slow magnetic relaxation in a mononuclear copper(ii) complex
Authors: Valigura Dušan , Rajnák Cyril , Titiš Ján , Moncoľ Ján , Bieńko Alina , Boča Roman
Published: March 2022

A hexacoordinate Cu(ii) complex with the {CuO4O′N} donor set shows an intermolecular π–π stacking owing to which a 1D-chain structure is formed.
Enantiopure and racemic radical-cation salts of B(mandelate)2− and B(2-chloromandelate)2− anions with BEDT-TTF
Authors: Blundell Toby J. , Lopez Jordan R. , Sneade Kathryn , Wallis John D. , Akutsu Hiroki , Nakazawa Yasuhiro , Coles Simon J. , Wilson Claire , Martin Lee
Published: March 2022

Chiral and racemic BEDT-TTF salts with spiroborate anions [B(mandelate)2]− and [B(2-chloromandelate)2]−, where helical crystals are obtained when using spiroborate anions with enantiopure ligands.
Porous MoS2 nanosheets for the fast decomposition of energetic compounds
Authors: Zhao Xu , Zhang Jianhu , Gong Feiyan , Huang Bin , Yang Zhijian
Published: March 2022

Ultrathin porous MoS2 nanosheets are considered as high-performance catalysts for thermal decomposition of NTO and TKX-50 in propellant formulations.
Recent advances in the synthesis of luminescent tetra-coordinated boron compounds
Authors: Murali Anna Chandrasekar , Nayak Prakash , Venkatasubbaiah Krishnan
Published: March 2022

This review summarizes the recent developments of luminescent tetra-coordinated (O,O-, N,C- N,O- and N,N-) boron compounds.
High-yielding preparation of hierarchically branched carbon nanotubes derived from zeolitic imidazolate frameworks for enhanced electrochemical K+ storage
Authors: Yu Dongbo , Wang Fei , Wang Jie , Gao Qingliang , Liu Jiaqin , Qian Gang , Zhang Yong , Wu Yucheng , Cui Jiewu
Published: March 2022

High-yielding preparation of branched N-doping carbon nanotubes can be realized by carbonizing ZnCo-ZIF nanotubes. Due to the unique architecture and N-doping, such branched carbon nanotubes show excellent electrochemical K+ storage performance.
Hydrogen-bonded cobalt(ii)-organic framework: normal and reverse spin-crossover behaviours
Authors: Kanetomo Takuya , Ni Zhen , Enomoto Masaya
Published: March 2022

A novel cobalt(ii) complex with a hydrogen-bonded diamond framework exhibited a spin-crossover behaviour with an asymmetric thermal hysteresis loop.
Terpyridine functionalized cyclodextrin nanoparticles: metal coordination for tuning anticancer activity
Authors: Panebianco Roberta , Viale Maurizio , Bertola Nadia , Bellia Francesco , Vecchio Graziella
Published: March 2022

The coordination chemistry of terpyridine for decorating cyclodextrin polymeric nanoparticles produces effective antiproliferative agents.
1-Adamantanamine-based triazole-appended organosilanes as chromogenic “naked-eye” and fluorogenic “turn-on” sensors for the highly selective detection of Sn2+ ions
Authors: Singh Gurjaspreet , Kaur Jashan Deep , Pawan  , Diksha  , Sushma  , Suman  , Shilpy  , Satija Pinky , Singh K. N.
Published: March 2022

1-Adamantanamine based organosilanes 4a–d have been synthesized and possessed selectivity towards Sn2+ ions only and serve as a colorimetric/fluorimetric dual-channel probe. The turn-on fluorescence has been marked on interaction with Sn2+ ions.
Rapid solvent-free synthesis of nano-sized ZSM-5 with a low Si/Al ratio at 90 °C
Authors: Zhang Lejian , Wang Xinping , Shi Chuan
Published: March 2022

A liquid seed containing tremendous amounts of four- and five-membered silicon rings boosts the ZSM-5 crystallization and Al incorporation into the framework.
Controlling rotary motion of molecular motors based on oxindole
Authors: Pooler Daisy R. S. , Doellerer Daniel , Crespi Stefano , Feringa Ben L.
Published: March 2022

We present a new family of oxindole-based functionalised at three positions on the upper and lower halves, with methoxy or cyano groups. We find that this allows the absorption wavelength and quantum yields of these motors to be tuned.
Synthesis and optical spectroscopy of Na3Y(VO4)2:Eu3+ phosphors for thermometry and display applications
Authors: Kachou Ikhlas , Saidi Kamel , Salhi Rached , Dammak Mohamed
Published: March 2022

A new NYVO:Eu3+ phosphor was prepared using the sol–gel method and its exhibits high-brightness and thermally stable emission that could be used for display and temperature sensing applications.
A flexible self-poled piezocomposite nanogenerator based on H2(Zr0.1Ti0.9)3O7 nanowires and polylactic acid biopolymer
Authors: Hanani Zouhair , Izanzar Ilyasse , Merselmiz Soukaina , El Assimi Taha , Mezzane Daoud , Amjoud M'barek , Uršič Hana , Prah Uroš , Ghanbaja Jaafar , Saadoune Ismael , Lahcini Mohammed , Spreitzer Matjaž , Vengust Damjan , El Marssi Mimoun , Kutnjak Zdravko , Luk'yanchuk Igor A. , Gouné Mohamed
Published: March 2022

Design of a low-cost, eco-friendly, self-poled and flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator based on lead-free H2(Zr0.1Ti0.9)3O7 piezo-nanowires and polylactic acid biodegradable piezopolymer.
Different shapes based on ionic liquid leading to a two-stage discharge process
Authors: Zhang Kun , Zhou Guohui , Fang Timing , Tang Xiao , Liu Xiaomin
Published: March 2022

During the discharging process, two-stage characteristics could be found near the negative electrode; it can be applied to optimize design concepts and boost the development of IL-based electrolytes.
Alcohol oxidation with high efficiency and selectivity by nickel phosphide phases
Authors: Ghosh Sirshendu , Mondal Biswajit , Roy Shubasis , Shalom Menny , Sadan Maya Bar
Published: March 2022

Ni12P5nanoparticles are used for electro-oxidation of various alcohols through a preferred reaction path, by O–H activation, that supresses futher oxidation to CO2and produces valuable chemicals.
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)-based nanostructures for tissue engineering applications: prospects and challenges
Authors: Kumar Anuj , Sood Ankur , Han Sung Soo
Published: March 2022

Prospects of MoS2nanostructure-based scaffolds in tissue engineering with enhanced cellular response, immunomodulation, and antibacterial properties. An interdisciplinary and collaborative effort is crucial to perceive their clinical translation.
Deep level defects passivated by small molecules for the enhanced efficiency and stability of inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Ma Yuhui , Zhang Sihao , Yi Yingwei , Zhang Ling , Hu Ruiyuan , Liu Wei , Du Ming , Chu Liang , Zhang Jian , Li Xing’ao , Xia Ruidong , Huang Wei
Published: March 2022

The synergistic effect of the functional groups in small molecule dicyandiamide could passivate the deep level defects of perovskites, which can improve both the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells.
Simulations of solar radio zebras
Authors: Karlický M.
Published: March 2022

Context.Solar radio zebras are used in diagnostics of solar flare plasmas and it is of great importance to construct accurate models to correctly characterize them.

Aims.We simulated two zebras to verify their double-plasma resonance (DPR) model.

Methods.In our zebra simulations, we used the DPR model in an expanding and compressing part of the loop as well as with the wave propagating along the loop.

Results.Using the DPR model in such a loop, we successfully simulated zebras from the 1 August 2010 and 21 June 2011 flares. We found that increasing the density or decreasing the magnetic field in the part of the loop, where zebra-stripe sources are located, the zebra stripes are shifted to higher frequencies and vice versa. In the case of the 21 June 2011 flare, we confirm that small deviations of zebra-stripe frequencies from their mean values can be explained by waves propagating along the loop. We also confirm high values for the gyro-harmonic number of zebra stripes. We explain an inconsistency in the wave velocities derived from the plasma parameters and from the frequency drift in combination with the density model of the solar atmosphere. Finally, we discuss the high values of the gyro-harmonic number found in the studied zebras.
The CORE-CARE laboratory to investigate the indoor environmental quality in buildings
Authors: Marigo Marco , Alessio Giulia , Bordognon Sara , Prataviera Enrico , Carnieletto Laura , Biasia Beatrice , Di Bella Antonino , De Carli Michele , Zarrella Angelo
Published: March 2022

In this work, the climatic chamber CORE-CARE is presented. The laboratory was built at the Industrial Engineering Department of the University of Padova, in order to further investigate issues related to indoor environmental quality, the comfort perceived by people in confined spaces and thermal performance of radiant systems. CORE-CARE is equipped with radiant panels in each surface, which can be controlled separately. The room presents two real windows on the East side, equipped with shading systems. Furthermore, the mechanic controlled ventilation system installed in the room can act as integration of sensible or latent heat both in heating and in cooling conditions. The climatic chamber is provided with a data acquisition system, consisting of 38 sensors, that allow the evaluation of the surface temperatures in different positions, the air temperature at different heights, the mean radiant temperature, relative humidity and CO2 concentration. The CORE-CARE chamber is thermally characterized using a detailed model developed at the Industrial Engineering Department of the University of Padova and the simulations results are compared with test measurements. Moreover, the impact of radiant asymmetry is investigated.
Energy and economic sustainability in the renewal of centralized heating systems using hybrid heat pump systems
Authors: Tomas Federico , Dal Cason Alberto
Published: March 2022

In the context of the energy transition policies desired by the EU, the objectives set by 2030 include the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, the achievement of greater energy savings and the increase in the use of renewable energy. This study, after an analysis concerning the Italian building stock, aims to highlight a possible first step towards achieving these objectives: the renewal of centralized heating systems in multi-dwelling buildings. In fact, on the national scenario there are about 430,000 condominiums with centralized heating system built before 1990 and, therefore, possibly liable to energy efficiency. In this research a case study building was simulated using the software EnergyPlus in which a renovation of the existing heating system was modelled in the Matlab/Simulink environment with an innovative hybrid generator consisting of an air/water heat pump and a condensing boiler. The analysis of this solution, carried out for three different Italian climatic zones, highlights how significant reductions in CO2 emissions can be achieved, high energy savings in terms of primary energy use and savings regarding usage costs, thus achieving greater comfort and sustainability. In addition, an economic analysis was carried out comparing different combinations of systems with the aim of identifying the best solution for each application.
Uffizi Gallery monitoring for IAQ assessment
Authors: Carletti Cristina , Cellai Gianfranco , Piselli Cristina , Sciurpi Fabio , Russo Giuseppe , Schmidt Eike D.
Published: March 2022

In museums, poor indoor air quality combined with unsuitable thermal and hygrometric conditions can affect the visitors and staff wellbeing as well as cause the deterioration processes of the exhibit objects. In order to assess indoor air quality of the museum, a survey was carried out in some rooms of the Uffizi Gallery of Florence by the researchers of the Laboratory of Environmental Physics of the University of Florence. Indoor temperature, relative humidity, chemical and microbiological pollutants were sampled, and the results analyzed and discussed. To do that a general methodology of investigation and evaluation of the results was defined and applied to several rooms of the Gallery. The presence of critical pollutant concentration was underlined and proper investigations on the HVAC system were scheduled. In this paper the results regarding a representative room are shown and discussed.
Systems layouts with additional heat storages for low-temperature PVT collectors assisting Heat Pumps for DHW production
Authors: Martorana Francesca , Bonomolo Marina , Leone Giuliana , Beccali Marco , Di Pietra Biagio
Published: March 2022

Systems based on the coupling of heat pumps (HP) with solar hybrid photovoltaic and thermal technology (PVT) for domestic hot water (DHW) production are a valid alternative to conventional electric production systems. In previous research, simulation models were developed in order to study the dynamic behaviour of a plant set-up based on the integration of an air-to-water heat pump aimed at DHW production with a rated power of 700 W and a storage tank of 500 lt. It was coupled with a plant of 6 PVT flat uncovered hybrid solar collectors with a peak power of 300 W for each module. Starting from the results obtained in the pre-sizing stage, in this study, a plant configuration was analysed to maximize the exploitation of the low-temperature contribution provided by the adopted PVT collectors. With this aim, the efficacy of the introduction of a solar water preheating storage in addition to the one normally integrated into the HP was investigated. Different operational scenarios have been studied to evaluate the best energy management strategies to be implemented. They consider the influence that the thermal capacity of the solar storage could have on the system performance according to its volume and the setpoint temperatures. The obtained results show that the proposed plant solution generally allows an increase in solar energy exploitation for DHW production and a reduction in HP electricity consumption.
Manufacture and installation problems in modular heat generators
Authors: Badolato Fabio , Longo Roberto , Oss Maria
Published: March 2022

This report deals with some practical cases of application of chapter R.3.F of the “Raccolta R”, 2009 edition, and the technical information drawn up by INAIL, attached to the note INAIL no. 60202 20/05/2015.0003445. The cases examined relate to both the approval of modular heat generator prototypes and their commissioning tests. In particular, some represented errors in the design and installation of the systems could nullify the safety indications provided by Raccolta R and by the aforementioned note.
A Rare Pediatric Case of Severe Rhabdomyolysis Owing to Dual Infection
Authors: Akıncı Göktaş Özben , Bektaş Ömer , Öz Tunçer Gökçen , Birsin Özçakar Zeynep , Talim Beril , Tuba Eminoğlu Fatma , Teber Serap
Published: March 2022

Aim We aimed to report a severe and rare pediatric rhabdomyolysis case associated with a dual viral infection.

Case A 13 year-old, healthy girl presented with the complaints of fever, abdominal pain, weakness and dark-colored urine. She was diagnosed with rhabdomyolysis based on clinical signs and laboratory findings. The diagnosis was confirmed by serological tests and real-time polymerase chain reaction for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV), respectively. Other potential genetic, metabolic and infectious causes were evaluated meticulously but no evidence was found. This case is also important as it is the first reported case to our knowledge on rhabdomyolysis associated with EBV and CMV co-infection in children.

Conclusion The presented case experienced tetraplegia due to the severe muscular damage and muscle power returned to normal range after 3 months. This suggests that EBV and CMV may have exert synergistic effects leading to more severe inflammation and degeneration.
Das Ganglion pterygopalatinum
Authors: Corts Magga
Published: March 2022

Das Ganglion pterygopalatinum (Flügelgaumenganglion) ist ein Ganglion im Kopfbereich, durch das sympathische, parasympathische und sensorische Fasern verlaufen.
Typ-1-Diabetes und kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Authors: Drozd Irena , Weiskorn Jantje , Lange Karin , Kordonouri Olga
Published: March 2022

Die langfristigen kardiovaskulären Folgen des Typ-1-Diabetes determinieren die Lebenserwartung betroffener Kinder und Jugendlicher. Risikofaktoren für deren Entwicklung sind eine längere Diabetesdauer bzw. Diabetesmanifestation im frühen Lebensalter, Hypertonie, Rauchen, hoher BMI sowie Fettstoffwechselstörungen. Das Management der kardiovaskulären Risikofaktoren bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Typ-1-Diabetes beinhaltet zum einen Screeningsmaßnahmen zur frühzeitigen Aufdeckung der pathologischen Veränderungen und zum anderen eine Lebensstilanpassung im Sinne einer ausgewogenen, normokalorischen Ernährung, regelmäßiger Bewegung sowie ggf. einer medikamentösen lipid- bzw. blutdrucksenkenden Therapie.

Die Leitlinien und Empfehlungen zur standardisierten Erkennung und Behandlung kardiovaskulärer Risikofaktoren bei jungen Menschen mit Typ-1-Diabetes sind bisher uneinheitlich formuliert und werden deshalb nicht immer im klinischen Alltag angewendet bzw. umgesetzt. Dies führt zu einer relevanten Unterversorgung dieser Patientengruppe. Dem gilt es mit mehr Forschungsansätzen und der Entwicklung eines universellen Prozederes zur Diagnostik und Therapie der kardiovaskulären Risikofaktoren entgegenzuwirken.
Die Geburt der Darmmikrobiota
Authors: Opalka Markus
Published: March 2022

Die frühkindliche Darmmikrobiota entwickelt sich in zwei großen Besiedelungswellen und ist mit etwa 12 Monaten voll ausgereift. Physiologische Anpassungssymptome, aber auch mikrobielle Entgleisungen des Darms können mit Pro-, Prä- und Postbiotika behandelt werden.Einige der angezeigten Präparate sind eigens für Säuglinge undKleinkinder zugelassen. Auch für die Labordiagnostik gibt esmittlerweile Angebote mit an kleine Patienten angepasstenNormwerten.
Genau hingehört
Authors: Sengebusch Jürgen , Herzog Michael
Published: March 2022

Indikationen für die Untersuchung des Atemapparats sind unter anderem Leitsymptome wie Husten, Auswurf und Thoraxschmerzen. Vor der Untersuchung der Atemwege werden die Patienten inspiziert. Dabei ist unter anderem auf Zyanose, Blässe, Atemtypus, Atemgeräusche und Veränderungen der Thoraxform zu achten. Durch die Auskultation der Atemwege kann man unter anderem pathologische Atemgeräusche wie Rassel- oder Reibegeräusche, Stridor oder projiziertes Bronchialatmen erkennen.
„Das ist vorher gar nicht absehbar“? –
Forschungsethische Fragen in der qualitativen Versorgungsforschung. Eine
Befragungsstudie mit Forschenden.
Authors: Ullrich Charlotte , Jünger Saskia , Kremeike Kerstin , Xyländer Margret , Preiser Christine
Published: March 2022

Hintergrund Die Versorgungsforschung ist von Multidisziplinarität
und Methodenpluralität gekennzeichnet. Die Medizin bildet einen
wichtigen Orientierungspunkt, auch in der Adressierung forschungsethischer
Fragen. Zugleich werden in sozialwissenschaftlichen Fächern jedoch die
etwa in der Medizin etablierten stark formalisierten Begutachtungsverfahren
gerade aus der Perspektive qualitativ Forschender kontrovers diskutiert. Wenig
ist bisher darüber bekannt, welche disziplin- und methodenspezifischen
forschungsethischen Fragen sich in der Forschungspraxis der qualitativen
Versorgungsforschung stellen.

Methodik Im Sommer 2019 wurde eine Online-Befragung mit
Versorgungsforscher*innen zu zwei Themenschwerpunkten
durchgeführt: a) Forschungsethische Fragen in der Praxis qualitativer
Versorgungsforschung und genutzte Formen der Reflexion und Beratung und b)
Erfahrungen mit der Begutachtung durch Ethikkommissionen. Der Fragebogen
enthielt zehn offene Fragen, die Antworten wurden inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet.
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Veröffentlichung ist der erste
Themenschwerpunkt.

Ergebnisse Insgesamt haben 73 Personen mit heterogenem fachlichen
Hintergrund und durchschnittlich gut sieben Jahren Arbeitserfahrung in der
Versorgungsforschung an der Befragung teilgenommen. Als zentrale
forschungsethische Fragen wurden berichtet: a) Legitimität und
Antizipation ethischer Herausforderungen in der Planung der Forschung, b)
Feldzugang, Einwilligung und Belastungen während der Datenerhebung, c)
Anonymisierung und Datenschutz in der Datenaufbereitung, d) Datenanalyse, e)
Veröffentlichung von Ergebnissen und Daten sowie f) den
Forschungsprozess übergreifende Themen wie zentrale Grundsätze
und Ziele der Forschung sowie die Rolle der Forschenden. Als Formate der
Reflexion über diese Themen wurden v. a. die Auseinandersetzung
mit Texten und Regularien und Austausch und Beratung angegeben.

Schlussfolgerungen Die erhobenen Daten dokumentieren zum einen typische
zentrale forschungsethische Fragen, mit denen sich Forscher*innen im
Kontext der qualitativen Versorgungsforschung konfrontiert sehen; zum anderen
verweisen sie darüber hinaus auf Leerstellen und weniger beachtete
Themen. Eine systematisierende ethische Reflexion könnte diese Befunde
aufnehmen, um fachspezifische Prinzipien und Formen für die
Auseinandersetzung mit und Lösung von forschungsethischen Fragen zu
entwickeln.
Intrauterine Invagination als Ursache einer
Dünndarmatresie
Authors: Zenk Philipp Wolfgang , Reisig Andreas , von Schweinitz Dietrich , Rieck Eva
Published: March 2022

Invaginationen betreffen in der Regel Kinder im ersten Lebensjahr, sie
können sehr selten aber auch bereits intrauterin auftreten. Wir
berichten von einem Neugeborenen mit Mekoniumverhalt, wiederholtem Erbrechen und
distendiertem Abdomen in der ersten Lebenswoche. Nach radiologischer Diagnose
eines gastrointestinalen Passagehindernis’ erfolgt am 7. Lebenstag die
explorative Laparatomie. Hier zeigt sich ein atretisches distales Ileum und
aboral davon eine Invagination. Nach Resektion dieser Darmabschnitte gelingt
eine End-zu-End-Anastomose. Der postoperative Verlauf ist unkompliziert. Der
Fall veranschaulicht, dass bei einem gastrointestinalen Passagehindernis in der
Neonatalperiode auch an eine Invagination als Ursache gedacht werden sollte.
Eine rasche Diagnostik und gute interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit mit den
Kollegen der Kinderchirurgie sind ausschlaggebend für einen
zufriedenstellenden Verlauf.
Schulgesundheitsfachkräfte in Deutschland – Vom
Modell zum Regelangebot in zwei Bundesländern
Authors: Maulbecker-Armstrong Catharina , Braksch Gudrun , Janiczek Oliver , Schulenberg Dieter , Striegel Ulrich
Published: March 2022

An 37 öffentlichen Schulen wurden in Brandenburg und Hessen seit 2017
erstmalig in Deutschland Schulgesundheitsfachkräfte eingesetzt und zum
Teil verstetigt. Die organisatorischen Rahmenbedingen, das
Tätigkeitsspektrum und eine Kosten-Nutzen-Bewertung des Einsatzes der
Schulgesundheitsfachkräfte aus den Erfahrungen der beiden Modellprojekte
werden vorgestellt mit dem Ziel eine bundesweite Etablierung des
Schulgesundheitsfachkräfteeinsatzes an öffentlichen Schulen zu
unterstützen.
Facile Access to α-Substituted β-Thio Enals from 1,2,3-Triazines and Thiols
Authors: Li Baosheng , Luo Han , Lu Qixing , Xu Mingchuan , Gu Mingxi
Published: March 2022

Herein, a chemoselective cascade addition reaction is reported, which starts from 1,2,3-triazines and thiols to access several different α-substituted β-thio enals and their derivatives in a green and efficient synthesis. In terms of applications, readily available substrates, diversity of products, and mild reaction system make this strategy highly attractive.
Is Serum Endocan Level an Indicator of the Severity of Childhood Community-Acquired Pneumonia?
Authors: Bekis Bozkurt Hayrunnisa , Gümüs Abdullah , Ergüven Müferet
Published: March 2022

Objective We aimed to investigate the relationship between serum endocan, procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios (NLR), and the severity of the disease in childhood community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) cases.

Methods This cross-sectional designed study included 30 pneumonia cases and 30 severe pneumonia cases aged between 3 months and 18 years who were hospitalized and treated in our hospital with the diagnosis of CAP. We also included 30 healthy controls in the same age range. Pearson's correlation and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyzes were performed.

Results PCT, endocan, NLR, and CRP levels were found to be significantly higher in patients with severe pneumonia. Sensitivity and specificity values in detecting pneumonia were 72.5 and 93% for PCT, 78.4 and 83.3% for CRP, 78.4 and 76.7% for endocan, and 64.7 and 63.3% for NLR. However, the area under the curve in ROC analysis were 0.821, 0.840, 0.842, and 0.670 for PCT, CRP, endocan, and NLR respectively.

Conclusion Endocan may be a marker of the diagnosis of pneumonia and not clinical severity, but studies are needed in large patient populations.
Do electoral reforms tend to favour the incumbents? A quantitative analysis
Authors: Patkós Veronika , Stump Árpád
Published: March 2022

Electoral reforms offer an opportunity to incumbents to change the rules strategically, for their own benefits. From this aspect, the low number of studies addressing the effect of incumbents’ potential strategic manipulations of the electoral rules is striking. Most research analyses single reform cases, offering an overview of the context, the negotiations, and the outcome of the reform process. Comparative research on strategic electoral manipulation, however, is scarce, and almost non-existent on non-transitional settings or established democracies. To fill this gap, the present study examines whether European electoral reforms have served the short-term interest of the incumbent parties, analysing data in 30 European countries of all relevant electoral reforms carried out between 1960 and 2011. Interestingly, the results do not support the assumption that incumbent parties generally benefit from carrying out a reform. Moreover, it finds no substantial differences in this regard between major and minor reforms, and neither the age of democracies nor the timing of the reform has a significant effect on reformers’ gains. The paper discusses possible explanations for the negative effect found, and it concludes that, apart from promoting self-interest and the unpredictability of the reforms’ effects, the most probable causes are the reformers’ alternative goals.
Prediction of the energetic particle redistribution by an improved critical gradient model and analysis of the transport threshold
Authors: Zou Y. , Chan V. S. , Van Zeeland M. A. , Heidbrink W. W. , Todo Y. , Chen Wei , Wang Y. , Chen J.
Published: March 2022

Based on the theory of critical gradient model (CGM) and following the simulation method proposed by Waltz et al. [Nucl. Fusion 55, 123012 (2015)], a combination of TGLFEP and EPtran code is employed to predict the energetic particle (EP) transport induced by Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs). To be consistent with the experiment, recent improvements to the simulation method include consideration of threshold evolution and orbit loss due to finite orbit width. The revised CGM is applied to simulate two DIII-D experimental discharges (#142111 and #153071). It well reproduces the experimental profiles with multiple unstable AEs and large-scale EP transport. Discharge #142111 had previously been simulated using a nonlinear MHD-kinetic code MEGA [Todo et al., Nucl. Fusion 55, 073020 (2015)] with a transport mechanism based on stochasticity induced by overlapping AE. By comparing the simulated EP profiles, we find that the AE transport threshold is approximated by both the MEGA nonlinear stability threshold and the proposed CGM threshold (error <5% for single n and <17% for multiple n simulation). Both of them are larger than the linear stability threshold of the most unstable AE mode by a quantity of the order of the flux needed to sustain EP transport by the background turbulence. We have also applied the improved CGM to simulate the α particle redistribution for a China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor steady state scenario. Because of the clear separation between the AE unstable region and the loss cone, only a moderate α particle loss of ∼9.6% is predicted.
Future dynamics of FLRW for the massless-scalar field system with positive cosmological constant
Authors: Fournodavlos Grigorios
Published: March 2022

We consider solutions to the Einstein-massless-scalar field system with a positive cosmological constant, arising from sufficiently regular, near-FLRW (Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker), initial data. We establish global existence in the future direction and derive their precise asymptotic behavior toward infinity. As a corollary, we infer that, unlike the FLRW background, the perturbed solutions do not describe a regular irrotational stiff fluid with a linear equation of state p = ρ for general asymptotic data at infinity. The reason for the breakdown of this interpretation is that the gradient of the scalar field stops being timelike at large times, eventually becoming null and then spacelike near infinity. Our results hold for open sets of initial data in Sobolev spaces without symmetries.
Spin–orbit torque in a single ferrimagnetic GdFeCo layer near the compensation temperature
Authors: Wang Junshuai , Li Chaozhong , Tang Rujun , Chai Guozhi , Yao Jinli , Jiang Changjun
Published: March 2022

We report spin–orbit torque (SOT) based on spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST FMR) in a single ferrimagnetic layer. Temperature-dependent anomalous Hall resistance (Rxy) shows a magnetic compensation temperature (Tm) of about 205 K. Temperature-dependent ST FMR is performed to quantify SOT; the torque is exerted to the total moment, and the SOT sign diverges as the temperautre approaches Tm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that SOT arises due to the broken symmetry of the bulk spatial inversion along the normal direction of the film. Our finding provides useful information about the controlled temperature of bulk spin–orbit coupling in single layer GdFeCo.
A universal method of redistributing relaxation energies in inelastic molecular collisions
Authors: Lu Xueling , Ye Zhengyin
Published: March 2022

The Larsen–Borgnakke (L–B) model is most widely used to redistribute relaxation energies in direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method; the relaxation energies in an inelastic collision are determined beforehand and redistributed by sampling from the equilibrium distributions (not locally equilibrium distributions) of these energies that are appropriate to this collision. The present concern focuses on how to redistribute the selected energies when they have been determined to require relaxation. When certain energies are determined to require relaxation and redistribution in an inelastic collision, the hierarchical method and the serial or sequential method are used to complete the L–B procedure. Although the hierarchical method is theoretically accurate, it needs to complete the integration of the joint energy distribution function, so it is not applicable when the energy distribution function has a complex form or contains more than one discontinuous energy. Hence, researchers turn to the serial or sequential method, but the rationality proof of this method implies an assumption of locally thermal equilibrium, so it is obviously not appropriate in the DSMC method usually applied to hypersonic nonequilibrium flows. Then, a new method of redistributing relaxation energies to complete the L–B procedure is proposed, which does not include any integration process; the original form of the energy distribution function is used directly, so it can be expected to have excellent adaptability, especially for complex cases such as energy redistribution of reaction products. The effectiveness, efficiency, and extensive applicability of the method are proved by multiple examples.