bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Marketing management of onion seed production
Authors: Shedge R.T. , Patil S. N.
Published: March 2024

The present study titled ‘Marketing management of onion seed production’ is based on a sample of 90 onion seed growers drawn from Shrigonda, Parner and Nagar tehsils of Ahmednagar district in Maharashtra. The primary data was collected through a survey and pretested questionnaire for the agriculture year 2021–22. The analysis was completed using data gathered from market intermediaries by calculating marketing cost, marketing margin, marketing efficiency, price spread and producer’s share in consumer rupee. Production and disposal patterns of onion seed showed that 90.43 per cent of the produce was marketed. The total amount of onion seed available for sale was 255.18 kg, with 191.54 kg of onion seed sold through channel I, this included Producer  Consumer and was the most efficient method for onion seed distribution. Channel II, included Producer  Wholesaler Retailer  Consumer and accounted the sale of 63.64 kg of total onion seed production. The marketing cost for channel-II was 10.60 per kg followed by channel-I 1.09 per kg. The average per kg price spread for onion seed was 1.09 and 606.37 for Channel I and Channel II, respectively. The marketing efficiency for channel II was 3.
Creation of quilt cover designs using CAD technology
Authors: Rohilla Nameeta , Rose Neelam
Published: March 2024

Introduction of modern technique of CAD is a powerful tool for product designing and development and is user friendly. These days advanced two or three dimensional software are used widely in designing sector. The time consuming process of textile designing has been easier by Computer Aided Designing. The huge advantage offered by digital system for drawing and modeling allows designs to be seen from any angle as well as easily manipulated in terms of colours, textures, shape etc. There is a great demand for designer and value-added quilt covers amongst consumers. Forty designs of surface decoration techniques of appliqué work, patch work, fabric painting and stencil printing were created in Corel DRAW, ten designs for each selected techniques were created. The four top preferred surface decoration techniques i.e. appliqué work, patch work, fabric painting and stencil printing with most preferred tucks and piping were selected for application on quilt covers. Three placements of each selected design with possible were done; hence 24 placements each for front and back side of quilt covers were done in Corel DRAW.
Knowledge level of pomegranate growers about recommended pomegranate production technologies of UAS Dharwad
Authors: Manoj H. J. , Aski S. G. , Gotyal S. H.
Published: March 2024

The present study was conducted with specific objective to study the knowledge level of pomegranate growers about recommended pomegranate production technologies in Vijayapura and Bagalkot districts of Karnataka, respectively. Total of 8 villages were selected for the study and 15 pomegranate growing farmers from each village were randomly selected to constitute a total sample of 120 farmers. It was noticed that almost two fifth (39.17 %) of the pomegranate farmers belonged to medium knowledge level category, 32.50 per cent of them belonged to low knowledge level category and 28.33 per cent of them belonged to high knowledge level category, respectively. Cent per cent of the pomegranate growers had knowledge about the varieties, planting material, spacing, time of planting, frequency of pruning and mode of irrigation. Large majority of them had knowledge about chemicals to control pests (90.00%), size of the pit (85.00 %), chemicals to control diseases (80.00 %) and diseases of pomegranate (78.33 %). Majority of them had knowledge about the type of soil (71.67%), frequency of fertilizer application (66.67%) and pests of pomegranate (60.00 %). More than half (59.17 %) of them had knowledge about the frequency of irrigation and Bahar treatment (55.83 %). About 45.83 per cent of them had knowledge about the pit filling process with FYM, 43.33 per cent of them had knowledge about the growth regulators used, 41.67 per cent of them had knowledge about the proportion of NPK application per tree and 39.17 per cent of them had knowledge about the rest period given during Bahar treatment. Equal percentage of them (33.33 %) had knowledge about types of Bahar treatments and average yield per tree. About 30.83 per cent of knew about the quantity of FYM application and 23.33 per cent knew about intercropping in pomegranate and 19.16 per cent of them knew about the weedicides.
Time series analysis and development of simulation model for monthly rainfall using ARIMA model
Authors: Damor P. A. , Mod A. A. , Ram Bhavin , Parmar H. V.
Published: March 2024

Rainfall holds critical significance for water resource applications, particularly in rainfed agricultural systems. This study employs the Autoregre ssive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) technique, a data mining approach commonly used for time series analysis and future forecasting. Given the increasing importance of climate change forecasting in averting unexpected natural hazards such as floods, frost, forest fires, and droughts, accurate weather data forecasting becomes imperative. The objective of this study was to develop a Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrative Moving Average (SARIMA) model for forecasting monthly rainfall in Junagadh Station, Gujarat. Utilizing 50 years of historical data (1968 to 2016), the SARIMA model predicts weekly rainfall for the subsequent five years (2018 to 2022). Through comprehensive evaluation using ACF and PACF plots, AIC, SBC, MAPE, and MAE values, the study identifies SARIMA (1,0,0)(3,1,1)12 as the optimal model, offering the most accurate prediction. The robust results affirm that the SARIMA model provides reliable and satisfactory weekly rainfall predictions. This research contributes valuable insights into the precision and efficacy of SARIMA models for rainfall forecasting, aiding in strategic water resource management in the Junagadh region.
Evaluation of Ashwagandha herb to enhance shelf-life of Ghee against oxidative deterioration
Authors: Kumar Vishal , Akanksha
Published: March 2024

Ghee, a crucial component in Indian cuisine, is prone to oxidative rancidity, affecting its shelf- life, flavor and nutritional quality. This research explores the potential of Ashwagandha, a medicinal herb, as a natural antioxidant to enhance Ghee’s oxidative stability. The study involves the collection and preparation of Ashwagandha root, followed by the addition of its aqueous extract to cow cream during the ghee-making process. The herbal Ghee is then evaluated for acceptability based on various sensory parameters. Chemical analyses, including peroxide value, free fatty acid content, radical-scavenging activity using DPPH assay and total phenolic content, are conducted to assess the impact of Ashwagandha on Ghee quality and stability. The results show significant differences in peroxide value and free fatty acid content between control Ghee and Ashwagandhainfused ghee, highlighting the potential antioxidant effects of the herb.The study emphasizes the growing interest in utilizing natural, plant-based antioxidants to address concerns associated with synthetic antioxidants. While the addition of herbal extracts has challenges, such as flavor alteration and solvent residue, exploring alternative sources like Ashwagandha opens avenues for improving food preservation naturally. The findings contribute valuable insights into the potential use of herbs in enhancing the quality and shelf-life of food products.
Diseases prevalent in Kharif crops grown in Barmer district of Rajasthan, India
Authors: Prasad Durga
Published: March 2024

In the Kharif season, pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is the predominant crop of the Barmer district followed by cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) and moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia). Sesame (Sesamum indicum) and green gram (Vigna radiata) are other important Kharif oilseed and pulse crops, respectively. A survey was conducted to determine the status of major diseases of Kharif crops grown in the Barmer district of the Marwar region of Rajasthan, India. Five blocks and three villages in each block were surveyed through a random field survey method during the collection of diseased samples every Sunday for the practical classes of agricultural students of the College of Agriculture, Baytu; in August and September 2023. Per cent disease incidence was recorded on randomly selected plants in a particular field of selected location. The incidence of diseases was observed based on typical field symptoms and later the association was confirmed through microscopic examinations in the laboratory. In survey, yellow mosaic (virus), leaf crinkle/ curl (virus), bacterial leaf spot/ blight (Xanthomonas phaseoli) of green gram;green ear/ downy mildew (Sclerospora graminicola), rust (Puccinia substriata) and blast (Pyricularia grisea) of pearl millet; Phytophthora stem blight (Phytophthora parasitica var. sesame) and phyllody (Phytoplasma) of sesame; yellow mosaic (virus)and bacterial leaf spot/ blight (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. cyamopsidis) of cluster beanwere recorded with >50% incidence. However; charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseolina), web blight (Rhizoctonia solani), Cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora canescens) and anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) of green gram; Alternaria blight/ leaf spot (Alternaria sesame) of sesame,sorghum rust (Puccinia purpurea) and Alternaria blight/ leaf spot (Alternaria cyamopsidis) of cluster beanwere noticed with 10 to 50% incidence.
Perception and constraints of farmers in adoption of crop intelligence systems in the state of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Yamini T. , Prabhavathi Y.
Published: March 2024

The adoption of IoT based crop intelligence systems has been gaining momentum in modern agriculture, offering services to dry land farmers to enhance their farming practices and increase productivity. This study intend to analyze the farmers perception and constraints in adoption of IoT based crop intelligence systems in Anantapur district of Andhra Pradesh. Primary data was obtained from a random of 100 sample farmers and data obtained was analysed through mean score, rank order and Farrette’s ranking techniques. The results from the study indicated that the crop intelligence systems played a crucial role in improving the planning of farm operations, crop protection particularly in irrigation alerts and disease control. The ease-of-use factor was also highly regarded. Among adopters, the lack of flexibility in operation and negative support from social networking were identified as significant barriers. For non-adopters, high initial investment cost and limited access to credit facilities were identified as the major hindrances to adopting crop intelligence systems.
Economic analysis of marketing of banana in Kadapa district of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Vaishnavi Pothu , Khobarkar V. K. , Vaidkar R. D.
Published: March 2024

To accomplish the stated objectives 90 farmers were selected from three tehsils namely Vemula, Pulivendula and Lingala of Kadapa district. The study was based on primary data during the year 2021-2022. The data regarding marketing of Banana were collected from producers, 10 pre harvest contractors, 10 wholesalers and 10 retailers.The average gross returns were obtained was Rs.804955.81. The average per hectare net return received at overall was Rs. 377582.66. The overall input-output ratio was 1.88.The input output ratio which is an indicator of economic efficiency in crop production for the crop and it indicated that the banana registered a good input output ratio i.e.1.88. Producer’s share in consumer’s rupee was highest in channel - I i.e. 76.23 per cent. Banana growers faced the problem of Incidence of disease with mean score of 71.74 in production of banana and fluctuation in price (mean score: 69.49) was the main constraint in marketing of banana.
Profitability of onion seed production in Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra
Authors: Shedge R.T. , Patil S. N.
Published: March 2024

The present study entitled, ‘Profitability of Onion Seed Production in Ahmednagar District of Maharashtra’ is based on a sample of 90onion seed growers drawn from Shrigonda, Nagar and Parner tehsils ofAhmednagar district. Three villages from each tehsil were selected randomly and from six villages, 15 onion seed growers were selected from each village on the basis of the actual area under onion seed. All onion seed growers were categorized into three different groups (five in each group), i.e. Category I (below 0.05ha), Category II (0.05 to 0.15 ha) and Category III (0.15 ha and above). Thus, the final sample consisted of 90 onion seed growers. The primary data collected for the agriculture year 2021–22 was analyzed by using mathematical and statistical calculations. At the overall level, the per hectare cost of cultivation of onion seed worked out to be Rs. 549224.68. The cost ‘A’ was Rs. 265391.85, contributing 48.33 per cent of the cost ‘C’. In cost ‘A’, the major item of cost were bulbs, i.e. Rs. 139792.34, contributing 25.45 per cent of the cost ‘C’. The expenditure on total hired human labour, bullock labour, machine power, manure and plant protection charges was worked out to Rs. 54466.67, Rs. 1200, Rs. 24000, Rs. 5995.67 and Rs.1442.25 which accounted for 9.92, 0.22, 4.37, 1.09 and 0.26 per cent of the share in cost ‘C’, respectively. At the overall level, the per hectare gross return was found to be Rs.1448098.61 and the B:C ratio at cost ‘C’ was 2.63. It clearly indicated that onion seed cultivation is a profitable venture.
Effect of processing parameters on the gelation and sensorial characteristics of psyllium husk
Authors: Arora Simran Kaur
Published: March 2024

Psyllium husk (PH) exerts functional, nutritional and prebiotic properties. However, when dispersed into water it easily forms viscous gel. The PH gel is difficult to swallow due to its sliminess which also reduces its acceptability appearance wise. In the present study, effect of processing treatments involving pre-dispersal grinding, blending, pH and exposure to heat were investigated on the rheological and gel forming properties of PH in water. It was found that pre-dispersal grinding of PH was favourable for its improved dispersion and sensorial characteristics. The pH of dispersion made no difference on the gel properties and with adequate blending treatment for 5 min, an extended heat treatment can also be avoided.
Yield of direct seeded upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) as influenced by different weed management practices under Tripura condition
Authors: Chakraborti M. , Duary B. , Datta M.
Published: March 2024

A field experiment was conducted during the Kharif season of 2013 and 2014 at KVK, South Tripura to evolve effective weed management practices for upland direct seeded rice. The experiment consisted of 12 treatments laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The predominant weed flora observed in the experimental field were Amaranthus viridis, Oldenlendia corymbosa, Spilanthes acmella, Ludwigia parviflora, Cleome rutidosperma, Malvestrum coromondalianeum among the broad leaf weed, Digitaria sanguinalis among grasses and Cyperus iria among sedges. The result of the experiment reveals that weed free treatment recorded lowest weed dry weight for all types of weed and higher yield and yield attributing parameters of upland rice followed by pendimethalin + one hand weeding. All other treatments were significantly superior to weedy check in all respect.
Relationship between selected profile characteristics of rural youth with their perception towards agriculture as an occupation
Authors: Kshirsagar S. S. , Kadam R. P.
Published: March 2024

The present investigation is conducted in Marathwada region of the Maharashtra state during 2022-2023 with the objective to study “Relationship between selected profile characteristics of rural youth with their perception towards agriculture as anoccupation”. One district namely Beed was selected randomly from Marathwada region. Three talukas from Beed district and five villages from each taluka were selected randomly for the study. From each selected village, ten rural youth were selected randomly who was able to express their views on agriculture as an occupation, which comprising total sample of 150 respondents were considered for the study. An Ex-post-facto research design was followed for the study. Data was gathered using a wellstructured interview schedule created with the study’s objectives in mind. The collected data was analysed, classified and tabulated. Statistical tools such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and co-efficient correlation were used to interpret findings and draw conclusions.
Role performance of Panchayat samiti members in village development
Authors: More P.S. , Deshmukh A.N. , Mokhale S.U. , Khedkar J.L. , Chavan S.S.
Published: March 2024

The present study is conducted in Amravati district of Vidharbha region of Maharashtra state with the objective of study ‘Role performance of Panchayat samiti members in village development’ The district was selected randomly; from this district, eight talukas, namely Amravati Chandur railway, Tiosa, Achalpur, Daryapur, Dhamangaon railway, Anjangaonsurji and Chandur Bazar, were selected. From each tahsil or block, respondents were selected according to members of the Panchayat samiti of a particular block. Thus, constituting the total sample size of 60 respondents. An exploratory research design was used for the study. The data was collected by personally interviewing the respondents with the help of the presented structured schedule. The collected data was first tabulated, and then mean, frequency, standard deviation, and correlation were employed for interpretation of the findings.
Perception of rural youth towards agriculture as an occupation
Authors: Kshirsagar S. S. , Kadam R. P.
Published: March 2024

The present investigation is conducted in Marathwada region of the Maharashtra state during 2022-2023 with the objective to study “Perception of rural youth towards agriculture as an occupation”. One districts namely Beed was selected randomly from Marathwada region. Three talukas from Beed district and five villages from each talukas were selected randomly for the study. From each selected village, ten rural youth were selected randomly who was able to express their views on agriculture as an occupation, which comprising total sample of 150 respondents were considered for the study. An Ex-post-facto research design was followed for the study. Data was gathered using a well-structured interview schedule created with the study’s objectives in mind. The collected data was analysed, classified and tabulated. Statistical tools such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and co-efficient correlation were used to interpret findings and draw conclusions.The findings shows that detailed analysis of dependent variable indicated that majority of rural youth had medium level (72.00%) of perception towards agriculture as an occupation followed by low (16.67%) and high (11.33%).
SMART farming - A new prospect in Agriculture Sector under Cold Arid Region of Ladakh, India
Authors: Angchuk S. , Lamo K. , Safal R. , Dorjay S. , Namgail D. , Tundup Phuntsog
Published: March 2024

Indian agriculture has achieved many milestones from traditional to subsistence, and from modern to the emerging ‘Smart Farming’ era. This has eventually propelled the country into the ranks of food-sufficient nations, ensuring food security for all of us. Smart farming is the management of farms that uses technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), robotics, drones, and artificial intelligence (AI) to increase the quantity and quality of products while decreasing the amount of human labour required for production. Smart farming is paving the way for the country’s agricultural production to become more productive and sustainable, based on a more accurate and resource-efficient method. The paper provides a detailed analysis of various smart farming technologies, with a particular emphasis on IoT and their applications.
Microencapsulation in food processing - A review study
Authors: Nath Alok , Patel M. B. , Mandal Purandar , Mohanta Bijayalaxmi
Published: March 2024

Microencapsulation is one of the efficient, advanced and promising technologies in the field of food processing. The technology involves the protection of different valuable food constituents present in a food product by the use of a suitable covering material on it. Besides, protecting the covering material allows the release of the core material in a controlled way increases shelf life and enhances the sensory qualities. The process of microencapsulation can be done by various methods such as coacervation, polymer-polymer incompatability, solvent evaporation, spray drying, fluidized bed technology, pan coating, spinning disc, extrusion, interfacial polymerization etc. This technology is being used in various fields including pharmaceutical, vectorisation, artificial organs, single dose treatment, agriculture (fungicide, herbicide, insect repellent, artificial insemination), food, printing, cosmetic, textile and defense. No single microencapsulation process is adaptable to all core materials. It is a complicated process and requires skilled person to handle the whole process. As worldwide demands for functional coatings continue to increase, new, cost effective microencapsulation technologies will be developed and the technology will remain at the forefront of future.
Extent of knoweledge of PG students of Swami Keswanand Rajasthan Agriculture University and Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner about the social media
Authors: Meena Vikash Kumar , Rishi Sonia , Meena Kalawati , Khan Salman , Kumawat Shankar Lal
Published: March 2024

The study therefore, aims to find out the utilization pattern of the popular social media for educational purpose. The study will explore how and to what extent students use social media for educational purposes. The study was being undertaken in the constituent campus colleges of SKRAU and RAJUVAS,Bikaner. Under SKRAU, Bikaner three colleges were selected for the present study which is situated in SKRAU, Bikaner campus. One college under the RAJUVAS, were selected for the present study which is situated in RAJUVAS, Bikaner. To have an appropriate proportion of representation from both the universities, the technique of proportionate random sampling was applied. The total numbers of 160 respondents (109 Master level students and 51 Ph.D. level students) were selected. Thereafter, data were collected by using interview method and statistically analysed by applying appropriates and required statistically parameters and lead to following results: Data regarding extent of the knowledge of the respondent were collected, analyzed and presented fewer than five categories. First category, are you aware about the following social media? Majority of the respondents were aware about “YouTube” and “WhatsApp” which was ranked first. In second Category majority of the respondents aware about “Entertainment services” of social media were ranked first. In the third category, Majority of the Ph.D. level students know that “Agriculture department”, “Kisan call centers”, “ATICs” and “KVKs”provides needed information related to agriculture development and its allied fields were ranked first.In the fourth category majority of the master level and Ph.D. level students know about “Messaging” and “Whatapp” service were ranked first from different social media. In this category majority of the master level and Ph.D. students known that “Information of research work” and “Information about technological knowledge” were ranked first.
Interaction effect of boron and zinc on growth, yield and quality of guava (Psidium gaujava L.) Cv. ‘Lalit’
Authors: Yadav Suresh Kr. , Bundela M.K. , Maurya Rajendra P. , Meena D.C. , Sharma Atul , Yadav Anita , Yadav Deepika , Yadav Latasha , Kumawat Shankar Lal
Published: March 2024

The present investigation was carried out at Agricultural Research Farm, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur (Rajasthan) to study the effect of foliar application of boron and zinc on growth, yield and quality of guava (Psidium gaujava L.) during the year 2022-23. The various concentrations of boric acid, zinc sulphate and their interactions had significant effect on various vegetative growth, yield and quality parameters and the maximum (22.07 cm) tree height increment, (70.39 cm) annual shoot growth, (215.96) fruits per tree, longest (8.74 cm) fruit length, (7.84 cm) fruit diameter, heaviest (264.20 g) fruit, yield (58.57 kg/tree) and (16.27 t/ha), (15.87%) TSS, (7.60%) total sugar, (268.25 mg/100 g) ascorbic acid and (1.36%) pectin was recorded under Boric acid @ 0.25% + ZnSO4 @ 0.25% (T11).The non-significant effects were observed in application of different combinations of boric acid and zinc sulphate on acidity percentage.
Profile of farmers about impact of farmer field school on soybean growers
Authors: Akulwar S. R. , Jakkawad S. R. , Bhosale G.B.
Published: March 2024

The present study was undertaken in Parbhani district of Marathwada region of Maharashtra State during the year 2020-21 with the objective to study “Impact of farmer field school on soybean growers.” Parbhani district was selected randomly from Marathwada region. Three talukas were selected from district and four villages from each taluka were selected randomly for the study. From each selected village 10 trained respondents under FFS were selected randomly, in this way total 120 respondents were considered for the study. An Ex-post-facto research design was followed for the study. Data was gathered using a wellstructured interview schedule created with the study’s objectives in mind. The collected data was analysed, classified and tabulated. Statistical tools such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and co-efficient correlation were used to interpret findings and draw conclusions The detailed analysis of profile characteristics of farmers indicated that majority of the farmers were medium aged (56.67%), educated up to primary school level (37.50%), small land holder (37.50%), medium farming experience (65.84%), medium level of annual income (49.18%), medium social participation (53.33%), medium level of scientific orientation (42.51%), medium level of economic motivation (54.17%), medium level of knowledge (43.33%).
Adoption of arecanut based cropping system technologies by farmers of Uttar Kannada district of Karnataka
Authors: Hebbur Lekhan N. , Gotyal S. H. , Aski S. G.
Published: March 2024

The study was conducted in Uttara Kannada district which comes under the jurisdiction of UAS, Dharwad during the year 2022-2023, to study the adoption of arecanut based cropping system technologies of UAS Dharwad by employing ex-post facto research design and using simple random sampling technique in Uttar Kannada districts of Karnataka constituting a total sample size of 120 farmers. Majority (69.16 %) of them adopted Sirsi local variety, cent per cent of them planted 12-18 months old seedlings, majority (69.16 %) of them plantedseedlings in may-august, large majority of them followed a spacing of 2.7x 2.7, More than half (55.83 %) of them adopted 90x90x90 cm pit size, 39.17 per cent of them followed square and triangle layout of plantation, 36.66 per cent of them followed multiple cropping with banana, large majority (81.66 %) of applied recommended dosage of FYM, more than two fifth (45.00 %) of them followed ring method of fertilizer application, large majority (79.16 %) of them adopted sprinkler drip irrigation,more than half (51.66 %) followed recommended depth of drainage, more than half (57.50 %) of them used Bordeaux mixture spray for bud spot control, more than two fifth (44.20 %) of them dug trenches for foot rot disease control, large majority of them (96.67 %) used phorate granules for spindle bug control, 30.00 per cent of them used dimethoate for mites’ control,tender nuts during July-December by majority, ripen nuts were harvested during Dec-March by 49.17 %. Large majority (89.16 %) of them manually harvested the areca nuts. Majority (68.33 %) of them of them adopted kalipak method of harvesting. More than two fifth (41.66 %) of them belonged to medium adoption level category, 30.84 per cent of them belonged to low and 27.50 per cent of them belonged to high adoption level category respectively.
Relationship between profile of farmers and impact of farmer field school on soybean growers
Authors: Akulwar S. R. , Jakkawad S. R. , Bhosale G. B.
Published: March 2024

The present study was undertaken in Parbhani district of Marathwada region of Maharashtra State during the year 2020-21 with the objective to access the relationship profile of farmers and impact of FFS on soybean growers. Parbhani district was selected randomly from Marathwada region. Three talukas were selected from district and four villages from each taluka were selected randomly for the study. From each selected village 10 trained respondents under FFS were selected randomly, in this way total 120 respondents were considered for the study. An Ex-post-facto research design was followed for the study. It was observed that variables education, social participation, scientific orientation, economic motivation and knowledge had significant relationship with impact of FFS. Whereas age had negative and significant relationship with impact of FFS. While land holding had positive and non-significant relationship. Farming experience and annual income had negative and non-significant relationship with impact of FFS.
Stress, anxiety and coping strategies of single earner couples- an explorative study after COVID-19
Authors: Chanda Puja , Audichya Suman
Published: March 2024

Being the primary financial provider, and the breadwinner at that, is not a choice, especially in these challenging times. Being a single-income household has several benefits, including the practicality of having one parent stay at home and take care of the kids, an unpredictable employment market and during and after COVID-19 phase, it was noticed that there is increase i n stress and anxiety among individuals. The present study is to find out the prevalence of stress and anxiety among the single earners and the methods they used to cope up with the situation which was conducted among 60 couples who were resident of Udaipur, Rajasthan. Snowball sampling method was used to and the tool was designed by the researcher which was Stress and Anxiety Inventory and a modified version of Coping Strategies Scale by (Badgujar and Gir, 2014) The couples were found to have a moderate amount of stress followed by a reduced level of anxiety, and they were able to cope with the COVID-19 condition effectively.
Development of evaporative cooling mobile vending cart for vegetables
Authors: Vala K.V.
Published: March 2024

Post-harvest losses of fruits and vegetables are impacted by lack of adequate low-temperature storage and transportation facilities. The present traditional vending system of handling fruits and vegetables by street vendors causes loss of weight due to lack of cooling system. Solar powered evaporative cooling vending cart operating at reduced temperature was developed and evaluated for its performance loading vegetables namely spinach, fenugreek, brinjal, tomato, cucumber and chilly in the month of February, April and September. The mean drop in temperature was observed 10.21±0.41°C, 8.97±0.46°C and 3.37±1.21°C, whereas mean per cent-increase in relative humidity was 216.54±46.77%, 184.59±12.63% and 130.20±5% observed inside the storage chamber during the month of February, April and September, respectively. Per cent saving in physiological loss in weight (PLW) was highest (62.5%) in spinach, followed by tomato (57.27%), brinjal (53.62%), cucumber (51.97%), chilly (31.69%) and fenugreek (30.30%) as compared to ambient (control). Saving in weight was more than 0.14kg.kg-1 of vegetables over control.
Studies on genetic diversity, correlation and path coefficient analysis for yield and yield contributing characters in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L). Millips]
Authors: Madke A. A. , Sarode S. B. , Pawar S. V. , Sontakke P. L. , Manchalwad N. M.
Published: March 2024

The experiment was conducted during Kharif 2023 for study of genetic diversity of 42 genotypes of pigeonpea using D2 statistics method of Mahalanobis. Genetic diversity of the forty two genotypes of pigeonpea was accessed for nine characters in a Randomized Block Design with two replications at Agriculture Research Station, Badnapur. Forty two genotypes of pigeonpea were grouped into nine clusters which indicated diversity. Cluster I had the 25 maximum number of genotypes, Cluster II had 10, while, Cluster III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX had 01 genotype each, respectively. Correlation between yield and yield attribute component traits in forty two genotypes of pigeonpea revealed that seed yield per plant had positive and highly significant association with number of pods per plant, number of primary branches per plant, plant height, number of secondary branches per plant, days to maturity and 100 seed weight . Selection criterion can be done based on these characters for seed yield will give successful results for yield improvement in pigeonpea. Path coefficient analysis of different traits on seed yield per plant recorded that traits viz., 100 seed weight, number of primary branches per plant, days to maturity, plant height and number of seeds per pod showed highest positive direct effect.
Rice husk ash : A prospective tool for soil acidity management in homestead vegetable cultivation
Authors: Mini V.
Published: March 2024

Due to the high cost of traditional liming materials, it is necessary to use organic sources that are readily available, inexpensive, environmentally acceptable, and adaptable as liming agents and fertilizer for vegetable production. Therefore, focus is placed on using rice husk ash, which is significantly more readily available and less expensive in Kerala, as a soil ameliorant. Furthermore, it contains a lot of potassium and silica.Si has reportedly been shown to have various benefits in addition to increasing yield, such as improving nutrient availability, lowering nutrient toxicity, and reducing biotic and abiotic stress in plants. The lime application will be simplified due to the utilization of rice husk ash in place of lime. In order to determine the impact of rice husk ash (RHA) on soil acidity management in homestead vegetable cultivation, the tomato variety VellayaniVijai was used as the test crop in the current study. There were six treatments, each of which was replicated three times. The highest number of fruits (29.3) and yield per plant (0.855 kg plant-1) were recorded in T6 (Soil test based recommended dose of fertilizers + Rice husk ash @ 125 % lime as per soil test). According to the findings, rice husk ash can be used as a substitute source of lime for vegetables. RHA acted as an excellent source of Si and K and decreased the uptake of iron in all of the treatments where it was applied as a soil ameliorant, resulting in an increase in the available Si and K content in the soil.
Mitigation of rice blast disease by using biocontrol agents and new molecular fungicides
Authors: Malathi S.
Published: March 2024

Rice blast is one of the most devastating diseases which is caused by Pyricularia grisea. The disease infects the all growth stages of rice crop and causes severe yield loss. Biocontrol agents and new molecular fungicides were tested against blast disease of rice. Among the nine treatments tested, Seed treatment with Bacillus subtilis + Foliar spray of Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG @ 1g/l (T7) recorded the maximum (67.88 %) reduction of the blast disease followed by Seed treatment with Bacillus subtilis @10g/kg + Foliar spray of Picoxystrobin 6.78% + Tricyclazole 20.33% SC @1ml/l (T8) which recorded 58.67 % reduction of the blast disease. Combined application of biocontrol agents having ability to reduce rice blast disease and increase the yield significantly.
Morpho-physiological studies in desi cotton genotypes (Gossypium arboreum L.)
Authors: Borgaonkar S. B. , Patil M. B. , Jadhav A. B. , Pawar G. S.
Published: March 2024

The present investigation entitled “Morpho-physiological analysis of desi cotton genotypes (Gossypium arboreum L.)” was carried out to evaluate promising cotton genotypes for morpho-physiological and yield contributing traits at Cotton Research Station, Mahboob baugh farm, VNMKV, Parbhani, during Kharif season-2022. The present experiment conducted on fifteen promising genotypes of cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.) including two checks. The genotypes tested were PA-904, PA-906, PA-907, PA-927, PA-929, PA-932, PA-936, PA-941, PA-942, PA-945, PA-947, PA-948, PA-950 along with two checks PA-742 (C) and NH-615 (C). The present experiment revealed that, PA-907 and PA-906 were observed as early flowering genotypes whereas, PA-942 was the late desi cotton genotype. PA-904 was highest among rest of the genotypes in term of height and at par with the both upland and lowland cotton checks. Genotype PA-950 produced highest dry matter as compare to desi cotton genotype check PA-402. PA-906 recorded highest ginning out turn than upland cotton check NH-615. Genotype PA-904 had highest leaf area, leaf area index, specific leaf weight, number of bolls and high seed cotton yield among desi cotton genotypes and appeared as a most promising genotype among rest of the desi genotypes studied for yield parameter.
Study on genetic diversity in Amaranthus (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.)
Authors: Kale B. H. , Sarode S. B. , Gawai S. G. , Haloli S. L.
Published: March 2024

Grain amaranth is a protein rich psuedocereal, assumes an important position in terms of quality breeding activities. Systematic characterization, evaluation and utilization of the potential genotype in the crop are prerequisite to any crop improvement. Genetic diversity study was conducted in one hundred fifty genotypes using Mahalanobis D2 Statistics during Kharif 2017 at College of Agriculture Badnapur. Based on D2 values, 150 genotypes were grouped into XII clusters. In the present investigation, the cluster II was with the highest number of genotypes (62) followed by cluster I (33), clusters VI (25), cluster VI (16), IX (3), X (3) and cluster III, V, VII, VIII, XI , XII had single genotype. The intra cluster distance (D) range from 4.74 to 48.64. The maximuminter cluster distance (D= 48.64) was observed between cluster XII and IX cluster, followed by cluster XI and IX (D= 46.25), cluster XI and cluster IV (D= 45.43), cluster IX and cluster VIII (D= 43.92), cluster IX and cluster II (D= 39.03) indicating that the genotypes falling in these clusters were highly divergent from each other implying large amount of diversity within and between groups, which could be exploited in breeding programmes. As crosses between genotypes belonging to the clusters with maximum inter cluster distance, may give high heterotic response resulting in better recombinants.
Co-relation studies in desi cotton genotypes (Gossypium arboreum L.)
Authors: Borgaonkar S. B. , Patil M. B. , Jadhav A. B. , Pawar G. S.
Published: March 2024

The present investigation entitled “Correlation studies indesi cotton genotypes (Gossypium arboreum L.)” was carried out to evaluate promising cotton genotypes yield and yield contributing traits at Cotton Research Station, Mahboob baugh farm, VNMKV, Parbhani, during Kharif season-2022. The present experiment conducted on fifteen promising genotypes of cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.) including two checks. The genotypes tested were PA-904, PA-906, PA- 907, PA-927, PA-929, PA-932, PA-936, PA-941, PA-942, PA-945, PA-947, PA-948, PA-950 along with two checks PA-742 (C) and NH-615 (C). The results revealed that the characters vizsympodia per plant, number of bolls per plant, 10-boll weight, seed index, and ginning out turn were significantly and positively correlated with the seed cotton yield. Whereas, days to first flower initiation, days to 50% flowering and days to first boll development had negative and significant correlation with the seed cotton yield.
Genetic diversity studies in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.)
Authors: Atkare S. D. , Sarode S. B. , Gawai S. G. , Haloli S. L.
Published: March 2024

Genetic diversity using Mahalanobis D-square (D2) techniques was studied for yield and yield contributing traits of 100 genotypes of pigeonpea. These genotypes were grouped into nine clusters.The greatest distance between two clusters was existed between cluster VII and III (727.38) indicating greatest divergence, followed by cluster VIII and III (630.51), cluster IX and V (604.66), cluster V and III (580.32) and cluster VIII and V (573.60). Whereas the least distance was recorded between cluster V and IV (71.57) followed by cluster III and II (122.10), cluster IV and I (217.85), cluster II and I (219.33) indicating least genetic divergence among genotypes. The intra cluster values varied from 0.00 to 139.00. The maximum intra-cluster distance was noticed in cluster I (139.00).
ANÁLISE DE METÁFORAS NO FRAGMENTO 31 (PAGE) DE SAFO POR MEIO DA TEORIA CONCEITUAL DE LAKOFF E JOHNSON
Authors: Ferreira de Lima Souza Jônatas , De Souza Nogueira Ricardo
Published: March 2024

Em uma perspectiva interdisciplinar entre os períodos da Antiguidade Arcaica Helênica e da Modernidade, procedeu-se à análise das metáforas constantes no Fragmento 31 (Page), da poetisa grega Safo, por meio da teoria conceitual de metáfora elaborada por George Lakoff e Mark Johnson, que foi formulada na década de 80 do século XX. Ao final do estudo, apresentou-se uma proposta de tradução do poema pautada exatamente nos resultados das análises efetuadas por intermédio dos conceitos levantados por Lakoff e Johnson, que serviram como verdadeiras ferramentas de investigação e classificação dos enunciados metafóricos criados por Safo.
CONSIDERAÇÕES ACERCA DOS EPÍTETOS DE PERSÉFONE E HÉCATE NA POESIA GREGA ARCAICA
Authors: Rocha Carvalho Thais
Published: March 2024

O uso de epítetos na literatura antiga, marcadamente oral, tinha como objetivo caracterizar os personagens, às vezes de forma tão singular que bastava a menção do epíteto para evocar à mente da audiência o personagem em questão. Para figuras divinas, epítetos servem também para reconhecermos as áreas de atuação e as atribuições de determinado deus ou deusa. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo foi analisar os epítetos atribuídos às deusas Perséfone e Hécate no corpus da poesia grega do período arcaico.
O HERÓI-VIAJANTE EM EURÍPIDES: MISSÃO, ERRÂNCIA, RECONHECIMENTO E FUGA
Authors: De Faria Rui Tavares
Published: March 2024

A viagem é um tema literário profícuo. Instituído pela épica homérica, não houve autores que o não recriassem nas suas obras, independentemente do género literário cultivado. No âmbito do teatro grego, particularmente a tragédia, da vasta obra de Eurípides, há três produções que desenvolvem, de forma mais significativa, o motivo da viagem: Ifigénia entre os Tauros, Helena e Andrómeda. O presente artigo pretende mostrar como a viagem que se impõe aos heróis lhes permite a recuperação da respetiva identidade, a vários níveis. Imbuídos de uma missão, a errância da jornada que experimentam garante-lhes, através da anagnórise, ora reconquistar um estatuto perdido, ora conhecer um ente familiar que se pensava morto ou inexistente, ora reaver o verdadeiro amor, ora encontrá-lo, o amor, pela primeira vez. Estes, e outros aspetos que daí recorrem, são objeto do nosso estudo, que visa analisar e comentar o modo como Eurípides recriou, na cena trágica, o topos da viagem, a partir dos modelos tradicionalmente impostos pela épica homérica, e demonstrou originalidade e ousadia.
Clinical manifestations and outcomes of otitis media with effusion in adult patients following Omicron infection in China
Authors: Meng Xiangming , Wang Ying , Han Chengzhou , Gu Xiaobo , Hang Chao , Guo Jianxun , Jiang Yuting
Published: March 2024

Within the constantly changing landscape of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the emergence of new variants introduces novel clinical challenges, necessitating the acquisition of updated insights into their impacts on various health conditions. This study investigates the clinical features and therapeutic outcomes of otitis media with effusion (OME) in adults following infection with the Omicron variant of COVID-19, in the context of China ending its “Zero-COVID-19” policy. Conducted as a multicenter, retrospective analysis at two medical institutions in Eastern China from December 2022 to February 2023, the study included patients with confirmed Omicron infection who were diagnosed with OME within two months, adhering to guidelines from the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation (AAO-HNSF). Data on demographics, time from infection to OME manifestation, associated symptoms, and treatment outcomes were collected. Among 68 patients (73 affected ears) with OME post-Omicron infection, common symptoms included cough and nasal obstruction (69.1%). All reported ear fullness, with 86.8% experiencing hearing loss. Tympanic bullae were observed in 72.6% during otoscopy, and most tympanometry results showed a B-type tympanogram (80.0%). An integrated treatment strategy led to an 83.6% cure rate, although 8.2% experienced relapse within 2–3 months. Our findings highlight OME as a prevalent ear complication associated with COVID-19 during the Omicron pandemic, underscoring the necessity for further investigation into its complexities. While the integrated treatment approach proved effective, the 8.2% post-treatment recurrence rate underscores the importance of ongoing monitoring and signals an urgent need for more comprehensive research.
Wind-induced torsional loads and responses of tall buildings
Authors:   Dept. of Civil Eng., Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Singh Ashish , Kontoni Denise-Penelope N. ,   Dept. of Civil Eng., School of Engineering, University of the Peloponnese, Mandal Sasankasekhar ,   Dept. of Civil Eng., Indian Institute of Technology (BHU)
Published: March 2024

High-rise structures are prone to wind-induced forces. Wind load can be resolved into three parts: along-wind load, across-wind load, and torsional wind load. There are well-developed and reliable methods for calculating wind-induced loads in the along-wind direction for tall buildings. Numerous methods are also available to estimate the across-wind load, but this is not the case for the wind-induced torsional load. Researchers have extensively investigated the torsional behavior of tall buildings using wind tunnel experiments and full-scale investigations. This paper attempts to compile the current understanding of the wind-induced torsional response of tall buildings. The present study contributes to realizing the effects of wind-induced torsional loads on tall buildings and gives an in-depth understanding through a comparison of past studies.