bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Exposures to Urban Noise and Blood Pressure Levels and Control Among Older Adults
Authors: D’Souza Jennifer , Weuve Jennifer , Brook Robert D. , Evans Denis A. , Kaufman Joel D. , Adar Sara D.
Published: October 2021

Urban noise is a common environmental exposure that may increase the burden of hypertension in communities, yet it is largely unstudied in the United States, and it has not been studied in relation to blood pressure (BP) control. We investigated associations of urban noise with BP levels and control in the United States. We used repeated BP and medication data from Chicago-based participants of the Chicago Health and Aging Project (≥65 years) and MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; ≥45 years). Using a spatial prediction model with project-specific measurements, we estimated noise at participant homes. We imputed BP levels for those on medication and used mixed-effects models to evaluate associations with noise. Logistic regression was used for uncontrolled and apparent treatment-resistant hypertension. Models were run separately by cohort and altogether, all with adjustment for age, sex, sociodemographic factors, and other plausible sources of confounding. We evaluated 16 462 BP measurements from 6764 participants (6073 Chicago Health and Aging Project and 691 MESA) over an average of 4 years. For both cohorts, we found that greater levels of noise were associated with higher BP levels and greater risk of apparent treatment-resistant hypertension. In our pooled models, 10-dBA higher residential noise levels corresponded to 1.2 (95% CI, 0.1–2.2) and 1.1 mm Hg greater (95% CI, 0.6–1.7) systolic and diastolic BPs as well as a 20% increased odds of apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (odds ratio per 10 dBA: 1.2 [95% CI, 1.0–1.4],
P
=0.04). Urban noise may increase BP levels and complicate hypertension treatment in the United States.
Prospective Evaluation of International Prediction of Pregnancy Complications Collaborative Network Models for Prediction of Preeclampsia: Role of Serum sFlt-1 at 11–13 Weeks’ Gestation
Authors: Chaiyasit Noppadol , Sahota Daljit S. , Ma Runmei , Choolani Mahesh , Wataganara Tuangsit , Sim Wen Shan , Chaemsaithong Piya , Wah Yi Man Isabella , Hui Shuk Yi Annie , Poon Liona C.
Published: October 2021

The study aimed to investigate whether serum sFlt-1 (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1) at 11-13 weeks’ gestation in pregnancies that subsequently developed preeclampsia was different from those without preeclampsia and compare screening performance of the International Prediction of Pregnancy Complications (IPPIC) reported models, which include various combinations of maternal factors, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, PlGF (placental growth factor) and sFlt-1 and the competing risk (CR) models, which include various combinations of maternal factors, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and PlGF for predicting any-onset, early-onset, and late-onset preeclampsia. This was a prospective multicenter study in 7877 singleton pregnancies. The differences of the predictive performance between the IPPIC and CR models were compared. There were 141 women (1.79%) who developed preeclampsia, including 13 cases (0.17%) of early-onset preeclampsia and 128 cases (1.62%) of late-onset preeclampsia. In pregnancies that developed preeclampsia compared to unaffected pregnancies, median serum sFlt-1 levels and its MoMs were not significantly different (
p
>0.05). There was no significant association between gestational age at delivery and log
10
sFlt-1 and log
10
sFlt-1 MoM (
p
>0.05). The areas under the curve of CR models were significantly higher than the IPPIC models for the prediction of any-onset and late-onset preeclampsia but not for early-onset preeclampsia. In conclusion, there are no significant differences in the maternal serum sFlt-1 levels at 11-13 weeks’ gestation between women who subsequently develop preeclampsia and those who do not. Moreover, the CR models for the prediction of any-onset and late-onset preeclampsia perform better than the IPPIC reported model.
The Subversive Trilemma: Why Cyber Operations Fall Short of
Expectations
Authors: Maschmeyer Lennart
Published: October 2021

Although cyber conflict has existed for thirty years, the strategic utility of cyber operations remains unclear. Many expect cyber operations to provide independent utility in both warfare and low-intensity competition. Underlying these expectations are broadly shared assumptions that information technology increases operational effectiveness. But a growing body of research shows how cyber operations tend to fall short of their promise. The reason for this shortfall is their subversive mechanism of action. In theory, subversion provides a way to exert influence at lower risks than force because it is secret and indirect, exploiting systems to use them against adversaries. The mismatch between promise and practice is the consequence of the subversive trilemma of cyber operations, whereby speed, intensity, and control are negatively correlated. These constraints pose a trilemma for actors because a gain in one variable tends to produce losses across the other two variables. A case study of the Russo-Ukrainian conflict provides empirical support for the argument. Qualitative analysis leverages original data from field interviews, leaked documents, forensic evidence, and local media. Findings show that the subversive trilemma limited the strategic utility of all five major disruptive cyber operations in this conflict.
The identity of twelve scincid generic names proposed by Cope in 1892 (Squamata: Scincidae)
Authors: SHEA GLENN M.
Published: October 2021

The twelve generic names proposed by Cope in 1892, which were created without included species, are linked to existing taxa by recognition that Cope’s key is a simple modification of the previous skink generic key by Boulenger in 1887, splitting existing genera of Boulenger in accordance with the morphology of the species included in those genera. This insight allows for Cope’s generic names Dicloniscus, Dimeropus, Haploscincus, Ollochirus, Oncopus, Podoclonium and Tridentulus to be linked to single species in Boulenger’s treatment, and thus those species are identified as the types of those genera, resulting in synonymy of Dicloniscus with Chalcides, Dimeropus with Larutia, Haploscincus with Lipinia, Podoclonium with Scelotes, and Ollochirus, Oncopus and Tridentulus with Lerista. Furcillus, Mesomycterus, Monophorus and Monophyaspis are associated with multiple species in Boulenger’s classification, and type species are designated that minimize change to existing nomenclature but facilitate application of the names to otherwise unnamed lineages in case future divisions are considered warranted. Furcillus becomes a synonym of Lerista, Mesomycterus becomes a synonym of Brachyseps, Monophorus becomes a synonym of Phoboscincus and Monophyaspis becomes a synonym of Trachylepis. Lepidothyrus, for which a type species was previously identified, is a synonym of Mochlus. Reversal of precedence is invoked to avoid the need for use of the senior synonyms Dimeropus and Monophorus over the frequently used Larutia and Phoboscincus, however, Mesomycterus is a senior synonym of Brachyseps, and replaces that recently created name.
Highly Efficient Nanocrytalline Zeolite Catalyst for the Hydroxyalkylation of Anisole with Benzaldehyde
Authors: Turkustani Aisha M. , Aldahiri Reema H.
Published: October 2021

The heterogeneous solid acid catalyzed hydroxyalkylation of arenes with benzaldehyde yields triarylmethane (TRAM) compounds which have gained significant attention due to their notable application in dyes, pharmaceuticals and the synthesis of various functional materials. In the present
study the activity of nanocrystalline Beta and ZSM-5 zeolites was studied in the liquid phase hydroxyalkylation of anisole with benzaldehyde. The catalysts were characterized by Dynamic Light Scattering measurements, an X-ray diffraction study and scanning electron microscope and transmission
electron microscope analyses. The reaction parameters, such as-catalyst loading, mole ratio, reaction temperature, and catalyst reusability were optimized. The efficiency of zeolite catalysts having different pore sizes was tested under the optimum reaction conditions. The results showed that
the larger pore of nanocrystalline Beta exhibited the highest activity, which was due to the increased pore size of the crystal for the easy adsorption of reactants and the desorption of bulky products. It is important to highlight that the nanocrystalline Beta catalysts showed higher efficiency
compared to other reported results in the literature, with the advantage of high activity, selectivity, separation of the catalyst and excellent reusability. Therefore, these catalysts can be used instead of conventional homogeneous catalysts such as AlCl3, ZnCl2 and
H2SO4 for an eco-friendly selective production of tri aryl methane compounds.
MOSES: A Novel Observation System to Monitor Dynamic Events across Earth Compartments
Authors: Weber Ute , Attinger Sabine , Baschek Burkard , Boike Julia , Borchardt Dietrich , Brix Holger , Brüggemann Nicolas , Bussmann Ingeborg , Dietrich Peter , Fischer Philipp , Greinert Jens , Hajnsek Irena , Kamjunke Norbert , Kerschke Dorit , Kiendler-Scharr Astrid , Körtzinger Arne , Kottmeier Christoph , Merz Bruno , Merz Ralf , Riese Martin , Schloter Michael , Schmid HaPe , Schnitzler Jörg-Peter , Sachs Torsten , Schütze Claudia , Tillmann Ralf , Vereecken Harry , Wieser Andreas , Teutsch Georg
Published: October 2021

Modular Observation Solutions of Earth Systems (MOSES) is a novel observation system that is specifically designed to unravel the impact of distinct, dynamic events on the long-term development of environmental systems. Hydrometeorological extremes such as the recent European droughts or the floods of 2013 caused severe and lasting environmental damage. Modeling studies suggest that abrupt permafrost thaw events accelerate Arctic greenhouse gas emissions. Short-lived ocean eddies seem to comprise a significant share of the marine carbon uptake or release. Although there is increasing evidence that such dynamic events bear the potential for major environmental impacts, our knowledge on the processes they trigger is still very limited. MOSES aims at capturing such events, from their formation to their end, with high spatial and temporal resolution. As such, the observation system extends and complements existing national and international observation networks, which are mostly designed for long-term monitoring. Several German Helmholtz Association centers have developed this research facility as a mobile and modular “system of systems” to record energy, water, greenhouse gas, and nutrient cycles on the land surface, in coastal regions, in the ocean, in polar regions, and in the atmosphere—but especially the interactions between the Earth compartments. During the implementation period (2017–21), the measuring systems were put into operation and test campaigns were performed to establish event-driven campaign routines. With MOSES’s regular operation starting in 2022, the observation system will then be ready for cross-compartment and cross-discipline research on the environmental impacts of dynamic events.
Understanding parents’ views toward the newly enacted HPV vaccine school entry policy in Puerto Rico: a qualitative study
Authors: Colón-López Vivian , Medina-Laabes Diana T. , Abreu Roxana Soto , Díaz Miranda Olga L. , Ortiz Ana P. , Fernández María E. , Hull Pamela C.
Published: October 2021

Background

The Human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV) is an essential tool for the prevention of HPV-related cancers. In Puerto Rico, the Secretary of Health established a school entry requirement of at least one dose of HPV vaccination in girls and boys aged 11 and 12 years, taking effect in August 2018. Our study aimed to examine parents’ and guardians’ views of unvaccinated children about the process of implementation of the new HPV vaccination school entry policy in Puerto Rico and identify potential barriers and facilitators related to the implementation of this requirement.

Methods

During April through November 2019, we conducted three focus groups (n = 12) and eight in-depth semi-structured interviews with parents of children aged 11 and 12 who had not yet initiated the HPV vaccine series. The interview topics addressed were: perception of vaccination, HPV vaccine and it is inclusion as new school entry requirement practice, procedure of the sources of information, influencers, and willingness to change. The interviews were recorded and transcribed by our staff members. We identified emergent themes through thematic analysis.

Results

The participants’ perspective on the HPV vaccine school requirement was mixed. Lack of information of the HPV vaccines and lack of communication about the school-entry requirement were the themes most mentioned in the interviews. Moreover, previous negative experiences from friends or family members and adverse effects deterred some participants from vaccinating their kids. We discussed barriers in the process of soliciting an exemption.

Conclusion

Most barriers mentioned by study participants are modifiable. Information about the HPV vaccine mandate’s implementation and educational materials regarding HPV vaccine safety need to be provided to address parents’ concerns related to the vaccine’s side effects. Schools (teachers, principal directors, and administrative staff), the government, and parent organizations need to be part of these efforts. This multilevel approach will help to improve disseminating information about HPV vaccination to clarify doubts and misinformation among parents.
The influence of the steep medial posterior tibial slope on medial meniscus tears in adolescent patients: a retrospective case-control study
Authors: Deng Xiangtian , Hu Hongzhi , Song Qingcheng , Zhang Yiran , Liu Weijian , Zhu Lian , Zhang Yingze
Published: October 2021

Background

Several studies have demonstrated a relationship between the posterior tibial slope (PTS) and meniscal tears in adults. However, little is known about the association between the PTS of the adolescents and medial meniscal tears (MMT). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between the PTS and MMT in adolescents, and to determine the optimal cut-off values of PTS for discriminating between the MMT and the control groups.

Methods

Between January 2018 and January 2020, a retrospective case-control study was performed. In this study, isolated MMT adolescent patients with no ligamentous injuries were matched by age and sex to a control group of radiologically normal images. The PTS was defined as the angle between the perpendicular line to proximal tibial cortex (PTC) and the tangent line along the tibial plateau. Then, both the medial posterior tibial slope (MPTS) and lateral posterior tibial slope (LPTS) were measured by plain radiographs on the lateral views. In addition, the optimal cut-off values of PTS were determined by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Results

A total of seventy-two patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the final analysis (36 patients with isolated MMT, 36 controls). The MPTS was greater in the knees with isolated MMT (10.7° ± 2.1°) than that of the control group (8.8° ± 1.7°), showing significant difference (P<0.001). However, there was no significant difference regarding the LPTS between the isolated MMT and controls (11.5 ± 3.4 vs 10.9 ± 2.6, p>0.05). In the ROC curve analysis, the calculated cutoff value of the MPTS discriminating between the groups was 10.3°, with a sensitivity of 73.3% and specificity of 78.9%.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that steep MPTS is associated with MMT, and MPTS≥10.3° was identified to be a risk factor for MMT in adolescents.
Shallow tectonic tremor activities in Hyuga-nada, Nankai subduction zone, based on long-term broadband ocean bottom seismic observations
Authors: Yamashita Yusuke , Shinohara Masanao , Yamada Tomoaki
Published: October 2021

The study of slow earthquake activity, which occurs in the shallow and deep sides of seismogenic zone, is crucial for understanding subduction zones, including variations in frictional properties with depth and interplate coupling. Observations at the seafloor are necessary, particularly for shallow slow earthquakes occurring in offshore areas; however, few observations of such activity have been made. We conducted long-term seismic observations on the seafloor in the Hyuga-nada region, located at the western end of the Nankai Trough, to characterize shallow low-frequency tremor activity from 2014 to 2017. Although these observations lasted for only a few years, the occurrence frequency of shallow tremors in Hyuga-nada was lower than that of deep tremors in the Nankai Trough, and major activity involving migration occurred only once every two or more years. In contrast, minor activity with a duration of a few days occurred several times a year. Major activities in 2015 were accompanied by migration similar to those in 2013. The tremors in 2013 were characterized by south to north migration at a rate of 30–60 km/day. However, the tremors in 2015 were characterized by west to east migration, and the activity area extended further to the east. The migration rates were also much slower (several to 20 km/day) than in 2013. These different migration properties likely reflect the state of interplate coupling in the down-dip side of shallow slow earthquake area. Minor activity was identified, including tremors triggered by the 2015 Nepal and 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes. Activity occurred mainly in the focal regions of major activities. Very-low-frequency earthquakes (VLFEs) occurred concurrently with tremors, and their epicenters coincided within the margin of error. However, the VLFEs were mostly peripheral to the shallow tremor concentration zones. This indicates that minor heterogeneities in frictional properties are present along the shallow plate boundary.
The House of Harlequins
Authors: Beizer Janet
Published: October 2021

This article explores the concept of the arlequin, the plate of used food collected piecemeal from the tables of the rich to sell to the poor, as it was popularized by Eugène Sue in 1842 in his blockbuster novel Les Mystères de Paris. I show how this alimentary genre functions in this text not only to reflect a socioeconomic reality of the nineteenth-century politics of eating, but also to introduce a budding aesthetic principle. The harlequin meal, composed of bits and pieces of various origins reassembled as a patchwork whole, inaugurates in Sue’s novel a reappearing pattern that comes to characterize not only food but also bodies, clothing, décor, narrative form, and modes of attention and belief. I argue that the aesthetics of patchwork and collage extend as well to Sue’s self-fashioning as a political and moral opportunist.
Contemporary Communicativism: Many-Face of Problems and Difference of Tasks
Authors: Goncharova Lyubov
Published: October 2021

The editor-in-chief’s column provides an overview of the issue, trends and directions of modern communication research are noted. In this issue of the journal, we get acquainted with representatives of Russian scientific schools that develop issues of linguoecology, professional, political, advertising communication, translation, teaching of communicative disciplines, etc. aspects of communication studies.
Image restoration for real-world under-display imaging
Authors: Gao KeMing , Chang Meng , Jiang Kunjun , Wang Yaxu , Xu Zhihai , Feng Huajun , Li Qi , Hu Zengxin , Chen YueTing
Published: October 2021

Under-display imaging technique was recently proposed to enlarge the screen-to-body ratio for full-screen devices. However, existing image restoration algorithms have difficulty generalizing to real-world under-display (UD) images, especially to images containing strong light sources. To address this issue, we propose a novel method for building a synthetic dataset (CalibPSF dataset) and introduce a two-stage neural network to solve the under-display imaging degradation problem. The CalibPSF dataset is generated using the calibrated high dynamic range point spread function (PSF) of the under-display optical system and contains various simulated light sources. The two-stage network solves the color distortion and diffraction degradation in order. We evaluate the performance of our algorithm on our captured real-world test set. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of our method in different dynamic range scenes.
Investigation of external quality factor and coupling coefficient for a novel SIR based microstrip tri-band bandpass filter
Authors: Basit Abdul , Irfan Khattak Muhammad , Nebhen Jamel , Jan Atif , Ahmad Gulzar
Published: October 2021

In this article, a new method is developed to design a three-band miniaturized bandpass filter (BPF) that uses two asymmetrically coupled resonators with one step discontinuity and open-circuited uniform impedance resonator (UIR) to achieve Global Interoperability with Microwave Access (WiMAX) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) applications. First, a pair of asymmetrical step impedance resonators (ASIR) is used to implement a dual band filter, then a half wavelength uniform impedance resonator is added below to the transmission line to achieve a triple band response. The proposed filter resonates at frequencies of 3.7 GHz, 6.6 GHz, and 9 GHz with the fractional bandwidth of 7.52%, 5.1%, and 4.44%, respectively. By adjusting the physical length ratio (α) and the impedance ratio (R) of the asymmetric SIR, the proposed fundamental frequencies of the triple BPF are obtained. Moreover, the coupling coefficient (Ke) and external quality factor (Qe) are investigated between the resonators and the input/output ports of the transmission line and are calculated using full-wave EM simulator HFSS. In addition, five transmission zeros are introduced near the passbands to increase the filter selectivity. Finally, the proposed filter is designed and fabricated with a size of 13.69 × 25 mm (0.02 λg × 0.03 λg), where λg represents the guiding wavelength in the first passband. The simulated and measured results have a good correspondence, thus confirming the design concept.
Expression profile of tumour suppressor protein p53 and its regulator MDM2 in a cohort of breast cancer patients in a Tertiary Hospital in Ghana
Authors: Opoku Francis , Bedu-Addo Kweku , Titiloye Nicholas Akinwale , Atta Manu Elijah , Ameh-Mensah Charity , Duduyemi Babatunde Moses
Published: October 2021

Background

Inactivation or mutation of the tumour suppressor genep53or its regulator mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) is the commonest event in breast cancer. These altered genes usually express abnormally high levels of their proteins in many carcinomas. The phenotypic expression of p53 and MDM2 in breast cancer cases in our setting is not known. This study investigated the expression of the tumour suppressor protein p53 and its regulator MDM2, using immunohistochemistry in a Ghana breast cancer cohort.

Method

A 9-year retrospective cross-sectional study on archived tissue blocks–formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue (FFPE) was carried out. Demographic data were abstracted. Based on complete clinical data and availability of FFPE archived blocks 203 cases were selected for tissue micro array (TMA) construction. The TMA sections were subjected to immunohistochemistry (IHC) (ER, PR, HER2, p53, and MDM2). Expression of p53 and MDM2 were related to grade and molecular subtypes.

Results

The age ranged from 17 to 92 years (mean = 49.34 ± 13.74). Most of the cases were high grade; grade II (34.9%) and grade III (55.7%). Fifty-four percent of the cases were triple negative. Invasive ductal carcinoma no special type was the commonest histotype (87.1%). Thirty-six percent (36%) of the cases expressed p53. Significant associations were found between p53 overexpression and histological grade (p = 0.034), triple negative (p = 0.0333) and luminal B (p<0.01) tumors. Most cases (93.1%) were negative for MDM2 expression. Significant association was found between MDM2 and HER2 over-expression as well as Ki-67. There was no significant positive correlation between MDM2 and p53 co-expression (p>0.05).

Conclusion

The elevated level of p53 expression in the aggressive breast cancer phenotypes (high histological grade and triple negative) in our cohort suggest that P53 elevation may be a poor prognostic marker in our setting. High expression of MDM2 in our cohort with high Ki67; also in cases with Her2/neu overexpression known with predictable poor prognosis in the absence of target therapy suggest MDM2 may be associated with aggressive biological behaviour in our breast cancer cases. The non-significant association of p53 and MDM2 expression in the same cases as also documented by previous studies suggest independent genetic pathway in tumourigenesis.
A stomata classification and detection system in microscope images of maize cultivars
Authors: Aono Alexandre H. , Nagai James S. , Dickel Gabriella da S. M. , Marinho Rafaela C. , de Oliveira Paulo E. A. M. , Papa João P. , Faria Fabio A.
Published: October 2021

Plant stomata are essential structures (pores) that control the exchange of gases between plant leaves and the atmosphere, and also they influence plant adaptation to climate through photosynthesis and transpiration stream. Many works in literature aim for a better understanding of these structures and their role in the evolution process and the behavior of plants. Although stomata studies in dicots species have advanced considerably in the past years, even there is not much knowledge about the stomata of cereal grasses. Due to the high morphological variation of stomata traits intra- and inter-species, detecting and classifying stomata automatically becomes challenging. For this reason, in this work, we propose a new system for automatic stomata classification and detection in microscope images for maize cultivars based on transfer learning strategy of different deep convolution neural netwoks (DCNN). Our performed experiments show that our system achieves an approximated accuracy of 97.1% in identifying stomata regions using classifiers based on deep learning features, which figures out as a nearly perfect classification system. As the stomata are responsible for several plant functionalities, this work represents an important advance for maize research, providing an accurate system in replacing the current manual task of categorizing these pores on microscope images. Furthermore, this system can also be a reference for studies using images from different cereal grasses.
‘Rich’ and ‘poor’ in mentalizing: Do expert mentalizers exist?
Authors: Rogoff Simon , Moulton-Perkins Alesia , Warren Fiona , Nolte Tobias , Fonagy Peter
Published: October 2021

Mentalization theory is concerned with the capacity to notice, and make sense of, thoughts and feelings in self and others. This development may be healthy or impaired and therefore, by extension, it may be theorized that expertise in mentalizing can exist. Furthermore, a continuum from impairment to expertise should exist within separate dimensions of mentalizing: of self and of others. This study hypothesized that three groups would be distinguishable on the basis of their mentalizing capacities. In a cross-sectional design, Psychological Therapists (‘expert’ mentalizers; n = 51), individuals with a diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder (‘poor’ mentalizers; n = 43) and members of the general population (‘non-clinical controls’; n = 35) completed a battery of self-report measures. These assessed the mentalizing of self and of others (using an extended version of the Reflective Function Questionnaire (RFQ18)), alexithymia and cognitive empathy. As hypothesized, Psychological Therapists’ scores were higher than controls on self-mentalizing and control group scores were higher than those with BPD. Cognitive empathy scores in the BPD group indicated markedly lower capacities than the other two groups. Contrary to predictions, no significant differences were found between groups on mentalizing others in RFQ18 scores. The Psychological Therapist and BPD profiles were characterized by differential impairment with regards to mentalizing self and others but in opposing directions. Results suggest that the RFQ18 can identify groups with expertise in mentalizing. Implications of these results for the effectiveness of psychological therapy and of Psychological Therapists are discussed.
R WE LOUD ENOUGH?: Re-inscribing monuments in the public sphere by the Black Lives Matter movement
Authors: Brogden Jim , Harper Douglas
Published: October 2021

This article applies a multimodal analysis to explore the potential meanings attached to the re-inscriptions of public monuments and spaces produced during the Black Lives Matter protests in 2020. Specific attention is given to several contentious examples: the George Floyd Memorial in Minneapolis, Winston Churchill’s statue in London, and the Queen Victoria statue in Leeds. We reflect on the ephemerality of protest re-inscriptions and how they receive a multimodal ‘second-life’ through their (re)presentations in mainstream/social media. Although institutions of power are quick to remove subversive re-inscriptions from the public sphere, we note that the portrait mural of George Floyd continues to function as a universal shrine to the injustices experienced by the wider Black community. A memorial space which is allowed to linger until its promised transubstantiation into George Perry Floyd Jr Place. In contrast, the other BLM re-inscriptions analysed in this article have now been removed from the physical public sphere, in which their transient messages of protest and public pedagogy will have in some cases been privately and publicly archived digitally on the internet; where evidence is much harder to remove than the public sphere.
Mathematical modelling of infectious disease population dynamics: A study of measles in Nigeria University: The Catholic University of Eastern Africa
Authors:   , Olugbenga Philip MATE
Published: October 2021

One of the current scientific advancements is manifested in Internet Compliance Technology (ICT) of mobile devices with commercial transactions. Software entrenched in cloud technology facilitates cost reduction by the banking sectors through resource opportunity. Inadequacy of the existing security in mobile banking is a threat to ICT by this sector. There is a perceived compromise of Personal Identification Number (PIN) and unauthorized access to cloud data. With the advancement in technology, the technology of mobile devices has made it easy for operations and activities to be carried out anywhere at any time. The acceptance of mobile technology has received a wide span over the years; the banking sector is not left out in this coverage. This brought about the introduction of mobile banking, a conventional way of carrying out banking transactions by customers anywhere they are at any time. All a customer for now needs is a mobile device with the mobile banking app (application) on it, and a four digits PIN as well as optional password.
Modular 3D printable orthodontic measuring apparatus for force and torque measurements of thermoplastic/removable appliances
Authors: Behyar Masoud , Ratzmann Anja , Shojaei Khatouni Sohrab , Quasthoff Maximilian , Pink Christiane , Ladisch Jens , Krey Karl-Friedrich
Published: October 2021

The magnitude of forces and moments applied on teeth during orthodontic treatment is crucial to achieve the desired tooth movement. The aim of this study is to introduce a modular 3D printable orthodontic measurement apparatus (M3DOMA), which can be used for measurements of forces and moments acting on teeth during treatment with aligners. The measurement device was characterized regarding signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the sensors, repeatability of measurements, influence of thermoforming, as well as reliability. Forces and moments were evaluated for an activation range of 0.1–0.4 mm, comparing them among different activation patterns with two aligner thicknesses. The sensors exhibited a SNR from 13–33 dB. Repeatability with repeated measurements showed standard deviations ≤0.015 N and 0.769 Nmm. The influence of thermoforming represented by standard deviation of forces ranges from 0.019–0.147 N. The device showed a range of intra class correlation (ICC) for repeated measurements for all sensors from 0.932 to 0.999. Hence the reliability of the device has been proven to be excellent.
Buckling analysis of thin-walled metal liner of cylindrical composite overwrapped pressure vessels with depressions after autofrettage processing
Authors: Zhang Guo , Zhu Haiyang , Wang Qi , Zhang Xiaowen , Ren Mingfa , Xue Shunan , Li Gang
Published: October 2021

The cylindrical filament wound composite overwrapped pressure vessels (COPV) with metal liner has been widely used in spaceflight due to their high strength and low weight. After the autofrettage process, the plastic deformation of the metal liner is constrained by composite winding layers, which introduce depressions to the metal liner that causes local buckling. To predict the local buckling of the inner liner with depressions of the pressure vessel after the autofrettage process, a local buckling analysis method for the metal liner of COPV was developed in this article. The finite element method is used to calculate the overall stress distribution in the pressure vessel before and after the autofrettage process, and the influence of local depressions on the buckling is evaluated. The axial buckling of the pressure vessel under external pressure is analyzed. The control equation of the metal liner with depressions is developed, considering the changes in the pressure and the bending moment of the liner depressions and its vicinity during the loading and unloading process. Taking the cylindrical COPV (38 L) with aluminum alloy liner as an example, the effects of liner thickness, liner radius, the thickness-to-diameter ratio, autofrettage pressure, and the length of straight section on the autofrettage process are discussed. The results show that the thickness of the inner liner has the most significant influence on the buckling of the liner, followed by the length of the straight section and the radius of the inner liner, while the autofrettage pressure has the least influence.
Can Japanese Learners Pass the JLPT N3 by Reading A3! Visual Novel?
Authors: Aida Nurul Zia , Putri Renindra Atsilah , Putri Amalia , Arrahmah Tazkia Syifa , Kusrini Dewi
Published: October 2021

A visual novel is a reading media in the form of conversations between characters shown in a static anime style that attracts readers to continue reading it. Equipped with audio in Japanese and translation in English, it is estimated that visual novels can be used as an exciting learning media for students. This study aims to determine the possibility of visual novels, which are usually used as a game for entertainment purposes, as a medium for learning Japanese to pass the JLPT (Japanese Language Proficiency Test). The method used in this stusdy is a quantitative method to find the matching vocabularies, with a listening and note-taking method for data collection. The data analyzed here is a conversation transcript of some chapters of A3! visual novel and JLPT 2018 questions ranging from N5 to N3 level. The A3! visual novel data are grouped according to the JLPT's four linguistic aspects: Moji goi, bunpou, dokkai, and choukai, at each level (N5 to N3). The analysis results show that the visual novel A3! can be used as a strengthening medium for students to pass the JLPT from N5 to N3.
The 1862 Case of the Writer F. M. Dostoevsky
Authors: Zakharova Olga
Published: October 2021

Dostoevsky's first trip abroad in the summer of 1862 took place in the midst of an aggravated political situation in Russia, facilitated by radical revolutionary unrest in St. Petersburg, Moscow and other cities, fires that followed the proclamations and raised suspicions of arson. To combat radical propaganda, an Investigative Commission for the dissemination of revolutionary appeals was established under the chairmanship of Prince A. F. Golitsyn. F. M. Dostoevsky, who had met with Herzen in London in July 1862, came to its attention. The article examines materials from the investigation file of the III Department “On the writer Fyodor Dostoevsky,” which have not been previously published and which allow to clarify both the facts of the writer’s biography, and the significance of this historical and literary event. The register of books and papers seized from Dostoevsky at the border is of particular interest. An analysis allows to understand what concerned the writer, what he read and deliberated. The first issue of the magazine "Russische Revue", published in May 1862, is of particular importance. Its editor V. Wolfson witnessed Dostoevsky's literary success in 1845. He witnessed Dostoevsky’s triumph at the salon of Prince Odoevsky, and was an admirer and translator of his works. The article establishes new facts of German-Russian literary contacts in 1840-1860 and Dostoevsky’s biography
Contact-induced disturbances in personal pronoun systems in the Chadic – Benue-Congo convergence zone in Central Nigeria
Authors: Wolff H. Ekkehard
Published: October 2021

The paper looks at personal pronoun systems in languages of the convergence zone on both sides of the borderline between Benue-Congo and Chadic. Focus is on inventories and systems, meaning the overall interrelationship of pronoun shapes across the categories of person, number, grammatical gender and noun class (3rd person concord). The issues to be explored are (i) whether the personal pronoun systems as such provide any further indication towards the Sprachbund idea implied in Wolff & Gerhardt (1977), and (ii) whether one can identify some unusual features of or patterns within the systems, which are shared by languages on both sides of the line separating Benue-Congo and Chadic, and which are of such nature as to strengthen the hypothesis of a cross-genetic convergence zone. The answers provided are affirmative: In addition to cross-genetic borrowing of pronoun shapes, which is generally considered rare and/or at least remarkable, pronoun systems as such and across the convergence zone show at least two rather quirky disturbances of the expected pattern that can hardly be explained but by rather surprising instances of cross-language interference. These two kinds of disturbance within systems will be discussed under the headings of “category shifting” and “circumfix conjugational pattern” emergence.Given the present state of knowledge, the paper can only point out promising lines of detailed historical research: Any attempt to provide final answers would be premature at this stage.
“Behold, I have written it on parchment…” Two Early Amharic Poems from Ms. Ef. 10 (Koriander 2), St. Petersburg
Authors: Nosnitsin Denis , Bulakh Maria
Published: October 2021

The article deals with two short poems in Amharic from Ms. Ef. 10 kept in the Library of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg. Amharic, a Semitic language of Ethiopia, came to function as the second written language of Ethiopian Empire in the course of the 19th century. Samples of Amharic texts prior to this period are scanty and worthy of special study. The poems in question can be dated to the period end of the 17th – beginning of the 18th century. The article provides the texts of the poems with translation and linguistic and philological commentary, accompanied by a short description of Ms. Ef. 10.
A Toxic Story: Phylogeny and Classification of Strychnos L. (Loganiaceae)
Authors: Setubal Robberson B. , Frasier Cynthia L. , Molina Jeanmaire , Torke Benjamin M. , Forzza Rafaela C. , Struwe Lena
Published: October 2021

Abstract— Strychnos  is a  pantropical genus  of Loganiaceae (Gentianales), with approximately 200 species, that lacks a  detailed worldwide phylogenetic understanding until now. We investigated the global phylogeny of the majority
of Strychnos species, and evaluated morphological and key character patterns to discuss congruence between phylogenetic clades and sectional classification systems. We included 147 ITS sequences across 12 genera, with 127 samples (103 species) of Strychnos and 20 outgroup accessions
(19 species) in a Bayesian analysis. Tribes Antonieae, Loganieae, and Spigelieae were supported as monophyletic, but Strychneae was resolved as polyphyletic due to the positioning of Gardneria placed outside of the Strychnos + Neuburgia clade. Strychnos was supported
as strongly monophyletic with 12 strongly supported clades, but the relationships among many of these clades were not well resolved. Most of the 12 sections in the current infrageneric classification system of Strychnos were resolved as non-monophyletic, indicating the need for a revision
of the sectional divisions. Characters common in species placed within the relatively more nested clades include a non-climbing habit, invasion of non-rainforest habitats, absence of tendrils, absence of secondary phloem, and elongated corolla tubes, suggesting that these characters are relatively
derived conditions in the genus. Inflorescence position, fruit size, and fruit wall thickness are extremely variable and were distributed among various clades in our phylogeny. Stamen, pistil, seed and seed coat, and phytochemical characters have figured prominently in the taxonomy of the
genus, but are as yet incompletely described, thus preventing significant inference about their evolution. Most of the 12 well-supported clades within Strychnos are restricted to specific continents, sometimes with limited dispersion between neighboring continents, suggesting a history
of repeated cross-oceanic dispersal or vicariance patterns. The Neotropical clades nested within the African clades have the shortest branches and the most unresolved topologies, probably indicating relatively recent radiation in the Neotropics.
Three New Species of Neocalyptrocalyx (Capparaceae) for South America
Authors: Luber Jaquelini , Cornejo Xavier , Carrijo Tatiana Tavares , Mansano Vidal de Freitas
Published: October 2021

Abstract— Neocalyptrocalyx (Capparaceae) is a Neotropical genus that comprises eleven species that occur in the lowlands of Brazil, Guyana, French Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, and Ecuador. The study of collections deposited in herbaria added to field observations
allowed the recognition of three species as new to science, and those are formally presented here: Neocalyptrocalyx aequatoriensis, known only from eastern Ecuador, Neocalyptrocalyx atlanticum from the Atlantic Forest, and Neocalyptrocalyx polycataphyllus
from the Brazilian Amazonia. Neocalyptrocalyx aequatoriensis represents the new westernmost boundary for the genus and the first generic record for Ecuador. We present diagnoses, descriptions, ink illustrations, field photos, distribution maps, notes on ecology, habitat, morphology,
phenology, conservation status, and a key to distinguish the new species from related species.
Effect of Good Agricultural Practices on Energy Use in Citrus Farming in Turkey: Case of Mersin Province
Authors: UYSAL Osman , AYDIN Başak , SUBAŞI Osman Sedat , AKTAŞ Erkan
Published: October 2021

The study aimed to determine the energy consumption efficiency of citrus production in enterprises that applied and did not apply Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) in Turkey's Mersin province. Total of 89 citrus producers applied good agricultural practices in Mersin in 2013 and the survey was conducted with all the producers and 26 of these producers produced orange, 28 of these producers produced tangerines, and 35 of these producers produced lemon. In the study, for comparing the enterprises, the same survey was also carried out with the same number of producers who did not apply good agricultural practices. Labor, machinery, diesel, farmyard manure, fertilizers, pesticides, electricity, and water in irrigation were calculated as energy inputs, and citrus production quantities were calculated as outputs. According to research results, fertilizers were determined as the most energy-consuming inputs in citrus production. The energy use efficiency values were 1.83 and 1.53 in orange production, 1.75 and 1.48 in tangerine production, 1.66 and 1.34 in lemon production in the enterprises that applied and did not apply good agricultural practices. Therefore, the energy use efficiency that applied good agricultural practices in enterprises was determined to be higher. Energy productivity results showed that citrus producers who applied good agricultural practices could produce more output than citrus producers who did not apply good agricultural practices. Specific energy results indicated that the citrus enterprises that applied good agricultural practices consumed less energy to produce one kg of the product than those that did not apply good agricultural practices. Non-renewable energy shares were lower in enterprises that used good agricultural practices than in the other group. According to the study's findings, Citrus production enterprises that applied good agricultural practices were more profitable in Mersin province.
A possível justificação racional da moral e o papel da argumentação prática na tipificação e punição de condutas contrárias à moralidade cometidas por servidores públicos
Authors: Richter Luiz Egon , Beber Augusto Carlos de Menezes
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo tem como escopo um breve estudo sobre a aplicação do direito no constitucionalismo discursivo e de que forma são identificadas pelo Poder Público as condutas atentatórias à moralidade praticadas por servidores. Para tanto, pretende-se adotar as premissas da teoria da argumentação jurídica, especialmente aquelas adotadas por Alexy em sua teoria do discurso prático racional geral. Primeiramente, far-se-á uma breve retrospectiva, indagando-se sobre a relação da moral no conceito de direito. Em seguida, procurar-se-á saber como se realiza a justificação dos discursos práticos a partir das regras da argumentação, para, por fim, realizar uma análise exemplificativa da legislação e de decisões jurídicas que incidiram em punições a servidores públicos que realizaram atos atentatórios à moralidade. Com isso, quer-se trazer luz ao debate da ética no serviço público, realçando a necessidade de um conceito de direito complexo e de uma prática discursiva sofisticada.
ATIVIDADES DE EXTENSÃO NUMA UNIVERSIDADE COMUNITÁRIA: UM OLHAR DESDE UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DE COORDENAÇÃO DE ATIVIDADES DE EXTENSÃO.
Authors: Camboim Silva de Almeida Paula
Published: October 2021

A entrevista aborda temas como construção de políticas de extensão numa experiência de Universidade Comunitária, a sempre difícil tarefa de integração de atividades de pesquisa, ensino e extensão, a necessidade de articular expectativas de prestação de serviços com as atividades de extensão e inserção comunitária. A partir da experiência de atuação profissional da professora Paula no Departamento de Ciências Humanas e na Pró-Reitoria de Extensão da UNISC, a entrevista provoca reflexões sobre a extensão universitária, mas acima de tudo sobre o lugar das atividades de extensão numa experiência de Universidade Comunitária, como é o caso da UNISC.