bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Germline pathogenic variants in patients with high-grade gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms
Authors: Venizelos Andreas , Sorbye Halfdan , Elvebakken Hege , Perren Aurel , Lothe Inger Marie B , Couvelard Anne , Hjortland Geir Olav , Sundlöv Anna , Svensson Johanna , Garresori Harrish , Kersten Christian , Hofsli Eva , Detlefsen Sönke , Vestermark Lene W , Ladekarl Morten , Tabaksblat Elizaveta Mitkina , Knappskog Stian
Published: July 2023

High-grade gastroenteropancreatic (HG-GEP) neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are highly aggressive cancers. The molecular etiology of these tumors remains unclear, and the prevalence of pathogenic germline variants in patients with HG-GEP NENs is unknown. We assessed sequencing data of 360 cancer genes in normal tissue from 240 patients with HG-GEP NENs; 198 patients with neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) and 42 with grade 3 neuroendocrine tumors (NET G3). Applying strict criteria, we identified pathogenic germline variants and compared the frequency with previously reported data from 33 different cancer types. We found a recurrent MYOC variant in three patients and a recurrent MUTYH variant in two patients, indicating that these genes may be important underlying risk factors for HG-GEP NENs when mutated. Further, germline variants were found in canonical tumor-suppressor genes, such as TP53, RB1, BRIP1 and BAP1. Overall, we found that 4.5% of patients with NEC and 9.5% of patients with NET G3 carry germline pathogenic or highly likely pathogenic variants. Applying identical criteria for variant classification in silico to mined data from 33 other cancer types, the median percentage of patients carrying pathogenic or highly likely pathogenic variants was 3.4% (range: 0–17%). The patients with NEC and pathogenic germline variants had a median overall survival of 9 months, similar to what is generally expected for metastatic GEP NECs. A patient with NET G3 and pathogenic MUTYH variant had much shorter overall survival than expected. The fraction of HG-GEP NENs with germline pathogenic variants is relatively high, but still <10%, meaning that that germline mutations cannot be the major underlying cause of HG-GEP NENs.
Cretaceous Rifting in the geological history of the Ukrainian Sector of the Black Sea
Authors: STOVBA S.M. , FENOTA P.O. , TYSHCHENKO A.P. , VENGROVICH D.B. , KHRIASHCHEVSKA O.I.
Published: July 2023

Within the Ukrainian sector of the Black Sea, the Albian-Cenomanian rift faults formed three large rift basins, which consisted of a system of grabens and half-grabens. One of the sublatitude rift basins occupied the modern Karkinit Trough, Krylov-Zmiiny Uplift, Gubkin Ridge and the Sulina Depression on the Odesa Shelf. The second sublatitude basin occupied the modern Tetyaev High, Sorokin Trough, Marine Continuation of the Crimean Folds and, apparently, the Crimean Mountains. The third rift basin extended from the northwest to the southeast and encompassed the Euxinian Graben, Andrusov Ridge, Eastern Black Sea Basin, and Shatskiy High. The greatest depth of the base of the rift sequence is observed in the central part of the Western Black Sea Basin, where it is 15.5—16.5 km. In the Eastern Black Sea basin, the maximum depth is 12.5—13.5 km. The shallowest depth of the base of the rift sequence are characteristic of the Kalamit Swell and the Marine Continuation of the Crimean Folds. During the Cenozoic phases of compression, almost all rift (half)grabens under- went intense folding and vertical movements from several hundreds of meters to 4—5 km. At the same time, most of the rift faults underwent partial or complete inversion.
Investigation of the effects of some wall materials and encapsulation techniques on the microencapsulation of olive leaf extract
Authors: Kahraman S. , Demircan H. , Sarioglu K. , Demircan S. , Oral R.A.
Published: July 2023

In this study, it is aimed to encapsulate some functional components of the olive leaves. Olive leaf extract was encapsulated using solution of sodium alginate, sodium alginate/gelatine, and sodium alginate/agar as wall material by ionic gelation technique. Also, olive leaf extract was encapsulated using solution of gelatine as wall material by cold gelation technique. The viscosities of the coating materials used in the study were investigated. An optimisation process was carried out to determine the injection time to be applied in the ionic gelation technique and the encapsulation efficiencies, particle sizes, swelling ratios, in vitro release profiles, and antioxidant activities of the obtained capsules were determined. While the encapsulation efficiency of the capsules obtained by the cold gelation technique was determined as the highest (98.2 ± 0.99%), it was revealed that the viscosity of the wall material used in the ionic gelation technique was important in the encapsulation efficiency. The particle size and swelling rate of the capsules obtained using the cold gelation technique were the highest. The release rate of oleuropein was generally higher at gastric pH than at intestinal pH. A correlation was found between antioxidant activities and the encapsulation efficiency of capsules.
Microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy in children and adolescents. Modified technique with lymphatic vessel contrast enhancement
Authors:   SE «Dnipro State Medical University», Ukraine, Dihtiar V.A. , Vernihora D.H. ,   SE «Dnipro State Medical University», Ukraine, Boyko M.V. ,   Regional Medical Center of Family Health, Dnipro, Ukraine, Obertinskiy A.V. ,   Regional Medical Center of Family Health, Dnipro, Ukraine, Kaminska M.O. ,   SE «Dnipro State Medical University», Ukraine
Published: July 2023

A varicocele is one of the most common causes of spermatogenesis and infertility disorders, which can be corrected. With the advent of high-quality optical operating systems, subinguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy has been added to the pediatric urologist’s arsenal. One of the most unresolved problems of using this operation in children is postoperative hydrocele and possible damage to the testicular artery due to its small size, which leads to testicular atrophy. To solve this problem, lymphatic vessel contrast with 1% methylene blue was used to verify lymphatic vessels and indirectly visualize the testicular artery. Purpose - to develop a modified technique of microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy with intraoperative contrast of lymphatic vessels in children; to evaluate the results of surgical treatment of varicocele using this technique. Materials and methods. The study included 65 boys aged 11 to 17 years with a confirmed diagnosis of grade III varicocele and recurrent testicular pain or testicular hypotrophy. Patients were randomized into 2 clinical groups for classical or modified varicocelectomy. The success of treatment was evaluated after 6 months. The Group I included 34 patients who underwent classical subinguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy; the Group II included 31 patients who underwent modified surgery. Results. No cases of complications and recurrence of the disease in the late postoperative period were recorded in the group using the modified technique, while in the group with the standard technique, such cases were detected in 17.6% of patients. In addition, it was found that intraoperative contrasting of lymphatic vessels made it possible to clearly identify the testicular artery in all cases in the group with the modified technique, while in the group with the standard technique it was visualized only in half of the cases. No intraoperative complications, hypersensitivity, or allergies were noted during the operation. Conclusions. A modified varicocele treatment with intraoperative lymphatic vessel contrast may be more effective and safe for patients with this disease due to vein visualization, as the artery and ductus deferens remain the only unchanged structures due to the use of a compression test and lymphatic vessel contrast. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the institution mentioned in the work. Informed consent was obtained from the patients for the research. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Study of the polymorphism of the ADRB2 molecular structure and its influence on the development of chronic postsurgical pain in children
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine, Semkovych Ya.V. , Dmytriiev D.V. ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya, Ukraine, Chornopyshchuk R.M. ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya, Ukraine, Kozovyi R.V. ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine, Chornopyshchuk N.P. ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya, Ukraine
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Pain is a signal to any aggression that leads to cellular damage and requires a defensive response. Uncontrolled acute perioperative visceral pain can lead to the development of pain chronicity. By studying the characteristics of chronic pain, some scientists have identified relationships with single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the beta2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) gene. Purpose - to study the dependence of pain expression in the postoperative period in children on the polymorphism of the molecular structure of the ADRB2 receptor. Materials and methods. The study involved 42 children (20 boys and 22 girls) aged 7 to 18 years who were treated in the surgical department in 2020-2022 for acute appendicitis and peritonitis. Results. Based on the results of examining all the subjects under study, 13 children had the Arg16Gly polymorphism, 15 children had the Arg16Gly polymorphic variant, and 14 children were diagnosed with the homomorphic Gly16Gly polymorphism in the ADRB2. The data obtained confirmed the trend of the preliminary analysis and proved better body response to pain relief and reduced pain intensity in individuals with the Arg16Arg variant of the ADRB2. Analysis of the dependence between the polymorphism of the ADRB2 molecular structure and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores in children in the postoperative period proved that the presence of Arg in the receptor phenotype had a strong negative correlation with the VAS score on discharge day (r=-0.822, p<0.001), while the presence of Gly in the receptor phenotype had a strong positive correlation with the Visual Analogue Scale score on discharge day (r=0.814, p<0.001). In regression analysis, the presence of Gly in the receptor phenotype was associated with a 1.917-fold increase in the VAS score at hospital discharge (OR: 1.917; 95% CI: 1.448-2.385; р<0.001). Conclusions. The presence of the homomorphic Arg16Arg variant of the ADRB2 in children who underwent anterior abdominal wall surgery was accompanied by rapid response to analgesics. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Distributed Temperature Sensor Calibration Algorithm
Authors:   Perm State University, Krauzin Pavel Vasilyevich , Trefilov I.A. ,   Perm State University,   Inversion-Sensor LLC, Sagirova A.R. ,   Inversion-Sensor LLC,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Ogleznev A. A. ,   Inversion-Sensor LLC,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Kondrashov A.N. ,   Perm State University, Yurina A.D. ,   Perm State University, Melnikov R.M. ,   Perm State University
Published: July 2023

The paper considers various calibrating algorithm approaches of a distributed fiber-optic temperature sensor in order to modify the two-point calibration algorithm and improve the accuracy of converting a reflectogram into a thermogram. As a modification, it is proposed to use an additional feature of the original signal based on its first derivative. A scheme for constructing a generalized heuristic calibration formula that takes into account multiple features of the reflectogram is proposed. The accuracy of the two-point and modified (three-point) algorithms was evaluated on thermostated regions of the optical line. It is shown that the modified calibration algorithm makes it possible to achieve greater accuracy compared to the two-point one. So, for the region thermostated at –50 °C, the standard deviation for the modified algorithm is 0.08 °C, for the two-point algorithm 0.26 °C.
A economia global e seus impactos no Fórum Mundial da Educação e no Plano Nacional da Educação do Brasil
Authors: Soares Marisa , Ccopa Ybarra Luis Antonio
Published: July 2023

Neste artigo objetivamos analisar as influências das diretrizes da economia global sobre a Educação brasileira, para tanto utilizamos o procedimento técnico comparativo-analítico, para descrevermos os aspectos de convergência entre as metas do PNE – Plano Nacional de Educação (2014-2024) e as metas do Fórum Mundial de Educação (2015-2030). Identificamos que em seu conjunto, vários órgãos governamentais como o Observatório do PNE e não governamentais como a UNICEF estão monitorando a realização das metas dos planos analisados; esses observatórios foram desenvolvidos devido aos grandes desafios e a multiplicidade de setores que incorporam os objetivos da educação a serem realizados.
Professor homem na Educação Infantil: a orientação sexual influencia o trabalho docente?
Authors: Esteves Machado Anderson , Peres Gonçalves Josiane
Published: July 2023

Esta pesquisa objetivou averiguar o que dizem os docentes do gênero masculino sobre a atuação profissional com crianças de educação infantil, evidenciando se a orientação sexual dos professores pode influenciar no trabalho docente. A metodologia utilizada foi de natureza qualitativa do tipo descritiva, com a gravação de entrevistas, por meio da plataforma Google Meet, com três docentes que atuam na educação infantil em diferentes municípios de Mato Grosso do Sul. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam que: existem preconceitos inerentes às relações de gênero e sexualidade na educação infantil, os quais influenciam na atuação do professor homem; os professores homossexuais enfrentam maiores dificuldades que os heterossexuais e, embora sua imagem esteja erroneamente associada à feminilidade, estes sujeitos enfrentam mais preconceitos no aspecto relacional com adultos, incluindo familiares, professoras, gestão escolar etc.; já as crianças não demonstram nenhuma objeção em relação ao gênero ou orientação sexual dos professores homens. Concluímos que a educação infantil deve ser um espaço em que os docentes do gênero masculino podem e devem atuar, independentemente da sua orientação sexual, pois o mais importante é a formação desses profissionais e a capacidade para trabalhar com crianças pequenas.
Cobertura vacinal e custos da hospitalização por meningite em crianças residentes na Bahia
Authors: Araújo Patricia Valadão Silva , Silva Claudia Fernanda Trindade , Nascimento Davi Da Silva , Guimarães Frank Evilácio de Oliveira
Published: July 2023

Introdução: A inflamação das camadas protetoras do crânio e canal vertebral, a meningite, evolui rápido, pode ser infecciosa e fatal. Sua endemicidade no Brasil, uma cobertura vacinal abaixo das metas, perfil etiológico e sorológico dinâmicos e atual elevação da exposição aos fatores de risco fazem da meningite um objeto de pesquisa ainda muito relevante. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil da morbimortalidade por meningite em crianças residentes na Bahia, com idade de 0 a 9 anos, analisando dados das fichas de notificação do SINAN dos anos de 2009 a 2018. Metodologia: Levantamento estatístico, descritivo de dados secundários de período pré e pós implementação da vacina Men C, abordando aspectos sociodemográficos. Resultados: Dos 4135 casos ocorridos neste período, a maioria foi do sexo masculino, na faixa de 5 a 9 anos, cor parda1, residentes da microrregião IBGE de Salvador. No período estudado ocorreu uma média de 0,72 hospitalizações a cada 10 mil crianças residentes na Bahia e o valor total destas ultrapassou 1 milhão de reais, com uma média simples de 8,17 dias de permanência hospitalar. A maioria dos casos foi de etiologia viral e foi grande a subnotificação dos sorogrupos, sendo o método quimiocitológico o diagnóstico mais utilizado. A maior taxa de letalidade foi em 2018 apesar de a mortalidade ter se mantido estável em todo o período. Considerações finais: Este estudo contribui para a prevenção primária, secundária e terciária da meningite e é importante tanto pelas possibilidades que esta população oferta, como pela vulnerabilidade a que se encontra exposta.
Consequências e significados do adoecimento crônico nas experiências alimentares de pessoas com doenças crônicas não transmissíveis: uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Borges Michelle Yasmine , Assunção Marcelle Lima , Japur Camila Cremonezi
Published: July 2023

Objetivou-se retratar consequências e significados das experiências alimentares de pessoas com DCNTs. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa realizada pela busca em bases de dados, utilizando o referencial teórico de Castellanos (2015). 28 estudos qualitativos ou mistos, publicados entre 2003 e 2022, compuseram o corpus de análise, predominando a população de pessoas com câncer (n=9), doença renal crônica (n=7) e diabetes mellitus (n=5). Emergiram quatro temas associados a essas experiências alimentares: 1- A presença de sintomas como motivador para mudanças alimentares; 2- Perda de autonomia para fazer escolhas alimentares e do prazer em comer; 3- Impacto da interação profissional de saúde-cliente; e 4- A influência do núcleo social nas experiências alimentares. Poucos estudos das Ciências Sociais, Humanas e da Saúde aprofundaram-se em como essas pessoas lidam com as consequências e significados do comer, sendo necessário olhar para a multidimensionalidade da alimentação nos processos terapêuticos visando o cuidado integral ao ser humano.
SYNTHESIS OF A SILICON CARBIDE FROM NATURAL RAW MATERIAL IN A SOLAR FURNACE
Authors: Paizullakhanov Mukhammad S. , Suvonova L. S. , Cherenda Nikolai N.
Published: July 2023

In this study, the processes involved in synthesis of silicon carbide (SiC) from a natural mineral raw material (diatomite mixed with coke) were investigated. The initial material mixture was placed in a graphite crucible installed on the focal zone of a large solar furnace. High-temperature heating was carried out using a stream of concentrated high-density solar radiation (200-300 W/cm2). After irradiating the material sample with the concentrated solar radiation, the crucible was cooled arbitrarily for 30 minutes. The synthesized material contained three phases: β-SiC with a cubic crystalline lattice and lattice parameter of 0.436 nm; α-SiC with a hexagonal crystalline lattice and lattice parameters of a = 0.307 nm and c = 1.511nm; and graphite with a hexagonal crystalline lattice. The SiC material obtained in the solar furnace in a freshly sintered state showed high refractoriness (up to 1650°C), while the material fired at 1550°C showed refractoriness up to 1580°C.
REBOOT AND RECOVER: NAVIGATING REMOTE INSTRUCTION FOR POST–COVID-19 SECONDARY TEACHERS
Authors: Economos Jennifer , Jones Jennifer
Published: July 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic had a tremendous impact on K-12 education. In 2020, New Yorkschools were ordered to close, forcing over two million students and two hundred thousandteachers to rapidly shift to remote instruction. Teachers reported feeling unprepared for thepace and magnitude of this change, partly due to their varied technical backgrounds andlimited exposure to remote instruction. While the field has begun to define core practices ofquality remote instruction, little is known about what professional experiences might lead in-service teachers to embrace these core practices. Many districts in New York remainedpartially remote through the 2020–21 school year and beyond, so improving the quality ofremote instruction available to secondary students in grades 7–12 is paramount. A mixedmethods research study addressed the preparedness and professional development needs ofin-service teachers during the pandemic. Over the last decade, several teacher preparationprograms have begun to include remote instruction as a key pedagogical practice. Thepandemic created a unique opportunity to study how in-service teachers experienced the shiftto remote instruction. The results of this study may be instrumental in developing educationmodules in remote instruction for preservice teachers in secondary education preparationprograms.
Evaluating the effect of the accelerated construction method on project life-cycle cost
Authors: El-Far Mohamed Ehab , Sabry Reda Abass , Kotb Mostafa
Published: July 2023

Construction contributes to city development. In Egypt, many projects have been established using the accelerated construction method (ACM), and others using the traditional construction method (TCM). Their life-cycle cost (LCC) is analysed to determine the benefit–cost (BC) and determine the optimum construction method. In this paper, a comparative study between the LCCs of the ACM and TCM was carried out to improve decision making to make reasonable judgements on the economics of projects throughout their life cycle. The main question is, what is the optimum way of construction to reach the highest BC? The Mostafa El-Nahas axis in Cairo, Egypt, was studied using LCC analysis to determine the development BC by analysing the traffic impact before and after development. The cost of operating the project consists of elements including the fuel consumed in cars and the exhaust resulting from the combustion of this fuel. Amounts of money saved from operation cost by the ACM were expressed by the case study BC. The main findings were that government entities should develop guidelines establishing the maximum time for construction. According to a prior study, extending the construction time had no detrimental impact on public interest in these places. The LCC study of the project was used to estimate construction time. Guidelines should be established that specify the regions to be classified based on traffic and population and the maximum time for construction.
Cadmium telluride for high-efficiency solar cells
Authors: Maronchuk I. I. , Sanikovich D. D. , Davydova E. V. , Tabachkova N. Yu.
Published: July 2023

Problems of the synthesis of cadmium telluride powders having required purity and grain size distribution for high-efficiency solar cells have been analyzed. A test batch of powders has been synthesized and used for the manufacture and study of thin-film solar cell specimens exhibiting parameters compliant with the best worldwide standards. The phase composition of the powders has been studied using X-ray diffraction. Structural analysis and elemental composition measurements have been carried out using electron microscopy. The effect of free tellurium phase in the powders on the endurance of devices manufactured from the powder has been described. We show that excess tellurium in the film specimens whose atoms are predominantly localized along grain boundaries may cause temporal degradation of the electrical properties of the manufactured solar cells due to changes in the parameters of the crystalline structure of the cadmium telluride phase which are caused in turn by changes in the stoichiometric composition of the material. Structural studies of the film specimens have not revealed differences in the film structure before and after endurance tests. A new cadmium telluride powder process route has been developed, proven and tested taking into account the advantages and drawbacks of the previously used process and experiments confirming the correctness of the technical solutions chosen have been conducted.
Magnetoelectric effect in trilayered gradient composites LiNbO3/Ni/Metglas
Authors: Kuts V. V. , Turutin A. V. , Kislyuk A. M. , Kubasov I. V. , Zhukov R. N. , Temirov A. A. , Malinkovich M. D. , Sobolev N. A. , Parkhomenko Yu. N.
Published: July 2023

In this work the effect of annealing in a constant magnetic field on the magnetoelectric (ME) coefficient in three-layered gradient composites is investigated. A technique of nickel electrochemical deposition on bidomain lithium niobate crystals was demonstrated. It is shown that the optimum temperature for the formation of the maximum remanent magnetization of the Ni layer in a constant magnetic field is 350 °C. In the samples annealed at this temperature, the maximum shift of the dependence of the ME coefficient on the external constant magnetic field relative to the value of 0 Oe was achieved. Quasistatic ME coefficient value was 1.2 V/(cm∙Oe) without applying of external DC magnetic field. The maximum value of the ME coefficient was reached 199.3 V/(cm∙Oe) at bending resonance of 278 Hz without external DC magnetic field. Obtained in this work values of ME coefficients don’t yield to most of ME composite materials which were published before.
Improved technology for manufacturing frequency-selective electromagnetic shields of the microwave range containing spiral elements
Authors: Boiprav O. V. , Bogush N. V.
Published: July 2023

The results of substantiation of the improved technology for manufacturing of the frequency-selective electromagnetic shields are presented. The improvement of this technology was ensured by the following: 1) the inclusion of elements in the form of classical Archimedes spirals, formed from foil materials, into the volume of manufactured shields to ensure the frequency-selective properties of such shields; 2) fixing the specified elements in the volume of manufactured shields by thermal pressing. The indicated features determine the main advantage of the improved technology in comparison with its analogues — lower time costs required for its implementation. The substantiation of the improved technology was implemented in the following areas: 1) setting the parameters of Spiral elements, which correspond to the maximum values of energy losses of the electromagnetic radiation interacting with them in the microwave range; 2) determination of the order of arrangement of spiral elements in the volume of the screens, which corresponds to the lowest values of electromagnetic radiation transmission and reflection coefficients in the microwave range of these shields. The substantiation implemented in the first of the indicated directions was based on the results of the analysis of the content of scientific works devoted to mathematical modeling and the study of the electromagnetic radiation of the transmission characteristics of flat spiral antennas in the microwave range. The substantiation implemented in the second of the indicated directions was based on the manufacture of experimental samples of the shields, the volume of which includes spiral elements oriented in a certain way, and further obtaining and comparative analysis of electromagnetic radiation transmission and reflection characteristics in the microwave range of these shields. Shields manufactured in accordance with substantiated improved technology seem to be promising for use in order to protect electronic devices from the effects of electromagnetic interference.
Terahertz radiation converter based on metamaterial
Authors: Sabluk A. V. , Basharin A. A.
Published: July 2023

Since the early 1980s, the terahertz range (from 0.1 to 10 THz) attracts constant attention of both fundamental and applied physics. Due to its unique properties, terahertz radiation finds it’s applications in spectroscopy, defectoscopy, and security systems. The construction of efficient absorbers and converters in terahertz range is crucial for further development of terahertz technologies. In this work, we use a frequency-selective high-Q metamaterial to construct a converter of terahertz radiation into the infrared radiation. The converter consists of a metamaterial absorber of terahertz radiation covered with a micrometer thick layer of graphite, which emits in the infrared range the energy absorbed by the metamaterial. We have made a numerical electrodynamic and associated thermal simulation of the radiation converter. The metamaterial simulation at 96 GHz (low opacity window of the atmosphere) shows the electromagnetic radiation absorption coefficient of 99.998%, and the analytically calculated converter efficiency of 93.8%. Concluding the above our terahertz radiation converter may contribute to security systems and defectoscopy setups.
Effect of postgrowth annealing in an oxygen-containing atmosphere on the microhardness of single-crystal calcium molybdate CaMoO4
Authors: Zabelina E. V. , Kozlova N. S. , Buzanov O. A. , Krupnova E. D.
Published: July 2023

Monocrystalline calcium molybdenum CaMoO4 is a well-known material. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in CaMoO4 due to a number of popular applications, such as working medium for a cryogenic scintillation bolometer. During growth CaMoO4 single crystals acquire a blue color due to the presence of defective centers, such as color centers, which is unacceptable for optical applications. To eliminate the coloration, annealing in an oxygen-containing atmosphere is used and then the necessary elements are prepared from the crystals by mechanical influences (cutting, polishing, etc.). In this regard, for the rational solution of issues arising in the manufacture of products from these crystals and their further practical use, the assessment of the mechanical properties of these crystalline materials is an urgent task. However, the results of studies of the mechanical properties of CaMoO4 are poorly presented, without taking into account anisotropy; there is a significant spread of data on the value of hardness by Mohs. For different authors, hardness varies from 3.5 to 6. In this paper, samples of single crystals of calcium molybdate in the initial state and after high-temperature annealing of different duration in an oxygen-containing atmosphere are studied. It is shown that prolonged annealing leads to discoloration of crystals. It has been established that calcium molybdate crystals are extremely brittle, the brittleness score of Zp crystals in the initial state is maximum and is 5, annealing leads to a decrease in the brittleness score to 4. The “viscosity” parameters are calculated by the Palmqvist S method. The nubs of complete destruction of Fpr prints were established, it was shown that annealing in an oxygen-containing atmosphere leads to an increase in Fpr by 2.5 times for the Z-cut, by 10 times for the X-cut. It is shown that the microhardness of crystals is characterized by anisotropy of the II kind: for all samples, the microhardness of the Z-cut is higher than the microhardness of the X-cut. The anisotropy coefficients of the microhardness of the KH samples are estimated. On the basis of the measured values of microhardness, the degrees of ionic bonds I are calculated.
Influence of calcium on specific heat capacity and changes in thermodynamic functions of aluminum conductor alloy AlTi0.1
Authors: Ganiev I. N. , Faizulloev R. J. , Zokirov F. Sh. , Safarov A. G.
Published: July 2023

Aluminum in terms of electrical conductivity among all known metals ranks fourth after silver, copper and gold. The electrical conductivity of annealed aluminum is approximately 62% IACS of the electrical conductivity of annealed standard copper, which at 20 °C. is taken as 100% IACS. However, due to its low specific gravity, aluminum has a conductivity per unit mass 2 times greater than copper. This property of aluminum gives us an idea of the economic viability of using it as a material for conductors. With equal conductivity (the same length), the aluminum conductor has a cross-sectional area 60% larger than copper, and its mass is only 48% of the mass of copper. In most cases, in electrical engineering, the use of aluminum as a conductor is difficult, and often simply impossible due to its low mechanical strength. An increase in the mechanical strength of aluminum is possible due to the introduction of alloying additives, i.e. creating alloys. In such a case, the mechanical strength increases, causing a noticeable decrease in electrical conductivity. The heat capacity of the aluminum conductor alloy AlTi0.1 (Al + 0.1 wt.% Ti) with calcium in the “cooling” mode was determined from the known heat capacity of the standard aluminum sample. Equations are obtained that describe the cooling rates of specimens made from an aluminum conductor alloy AlTi0.1 with calcium and a reference. Based on the calculated values of the cooling rates of the samples, the equations for the temperature dependence of the heat capacities of the alloys and the standard were formed. The temperature dependences of changes in enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs energy for the aluminum alloy AlTi0.1 with calcium are calculated by integrating the specific heat capacity. The heat capacity, enthalpy, and entropy of the AlTi0.1 alloy decrease with increasing calcium concentration, and increase with increasing temperature, while the value of the Gibbs energy has an inverse relationship.
TACIT CHOICE OF LAW IN INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL CONTRACTS: PROGRESS OR STAGNATION IN THE COMMON- LAW JURISDICTIONS?
Authors: Bouwers Garth J
Published: July 2023

The English common-law rules of private international law have, to a large extent, been replaced by European conflicts-law regulations in the United Kingdom (UK). Nevertheless, English common law remains highly influential in numerous jurisdictions. In many legal systems, the private-international-law rules are based fundamentally on the common-law rules developed by English courts. This is problematic since the common-law rules of private international law may be outdated. This article examines the English common-law choice-of-law rules – more specifically, the rules and principles concerning the determination of a tacit choice of law in international commercial contracts. The traditional common-law position is compared to selected common-law jurisdictions – namely, Australia, Canada, India, Israel and New Zealand. Finally, the article highlights the progress (or lack thereof) in the aforementioned common-law jurisdictions in addressing the issues related to the determination of a tacit choice of law in international commercial contracts.
PROTECTING THE RIGHT TO IDENTITY AGAINST CATFISHING: WHAT’S THE CATCH?
Authors: Ndyulo Lisa
Published: July 2023

Catfishing is a common social media phenomenon affecting a person’s right to identity. It involves using a person’s image without their consent to create a fake social media profile. Catfishing has legal implications because a person’s image is a facet of the right to identity and using an image without a person’s consent interferes with their right to identity and dignity. While catfishing is a novel legal issue in South Africa, courts and legislators in the United States (US) have addressed catfishing. In the US states of California and Oklahoma, catfishing is tackled through statutory interventions directed at online impersonation and catfishing. Accordingly, victims of catfishing have remedies in addition to the existing causes of action related to common-law torts and breaches of the right to publicity. This comparative study analyses the remedies available to US victims of catfishing to ascertain whether South African victims have adequate statutory and common-law remedies against catfishing, to protect their identity from interference with their subjective right, and from assaults to their dignity.
Совершенствование системы управления электроприводами машины холодной правки листа
Authors: Бовшик Павел Александрович , Логинов Борис Михайлович , Семитко Андрей Юрьевич , Храмшин Вадим Рифхатович
Published: July 2023

Одним из главных требований, которое предъявляется к производству листового проката, является обеспечение показателей плоскостности листа в пределах жестко заданных допусков. Основными дефектами плоскостности являются продольные, центральные и краевые волны, возникающие в процессе деформации и охлаждения при термомеханической прокатке. Приведены допустимые пределы отклонений профиля проката различной толщины для толстолистового стана 5000 ПАО «Магнитогорский металлургический комбинат» (ПАО «ММК»). Отмечено, что большинство дефектов возникает вследствие отклонений межвалкового зазора при прокатке либо из-за изменения теплового режима при охлаждении. Для устранения неплоскостности в технологических линиях толстолистовых станов установлены машины холодной правки листов (МХПЛ). Рассмотрен принцип правки листа в роликовых машинах, приведены характеристики девятироликовой МХПЛ стана 5000. Рассмотрена проектная система управления электроприводами. Отмечено, что ее основным недостатком является ограничение моментов электроприводов всех роликов на одном уровне независимо от жесткости металла. Впервые электроприводы роликов МХПЛ рассмотрены как взаимосвязанные объекты регулирования. Предложен способ управления, при котором моменты двигателей распределены согласно заданным расчетным нагрузкам. Разработаны система автоматического регулирования нагрузок, реализующая способ, а также имитационная модель взаимосвязанных электромеханических систем МХПЛ. Рассмотрены регулятор распределения нагрузок и алгоритм его настройки. Выполнен сравнительный анализ моментов электроприводов при проектной и предложенной настройках. Подтверждено равенство моментов двигателей при одинаковых коэффициентах распределения нагрузок. Представлены результаты экспериментальных исследований, подтвердившие снижение рассогласований моментов при внедрении разработанного способа управления. Это обеспечивает снижение перегрузок электроприводов и, как следствие, повышение их надежности и долговечности. Равномерное распределение моментов роликов при деформации способствует более точному выравниванию изгибов в процессе правки, что повышает показатели плоскостности и сокращает количество пропусков обрабатываемых листов.
Fundamentación preliminar de la pedagogía como campo disciplinar y profesional
Authors: Hincapié-García Alexánder , Cossio-Sepúlveda Diego León , Giraldo-Urrego Laura María
Published: July 2023

En este artículo de reflexión derivado de la investigación Concepciones sobre lo pedagógico en los grupos de investigación nacionales clasificados por Minciencias en el área de pedagogía, se retoman algunos representantes de la pedagogía de las ciencias del espíritu para fundamentar de manera preliminar lo que en la actualidad se nombra como el campo disciplinar y profesional de la pedagogía en Colombia. Disciplinar, porque está conformado por un conjunto de teorías y conceptos que tienen por problemáticas la educación y la formación, los cuales circulan a través de instituciones, grupos de investigación y redes académicas en los que la pedagogía se objetiva como ciencia. Profesional, porque se refiere a la formalización de las prácticas educativas dentro de sistemas nacionales de educación, lo que en Alemania ha dado lugar a las llamadas “profesiones pedagógicas”. De esta forma, la pedagogía de las ciencias del espíritu tiene como referentes las concepciones pedagógicas de Immanuel Kant y Friedrich Herbart, quienes sientan las bases de la pedagogía científica. Posteriormente, autores como Eduard Spranger, René Hubert, Wilhelm Flitner y Hubert Henz contribuyen a su consolidación. A pesar de que la pedagogía moderna comienza a fundamentarse desde el siglo xvii, en Colombia todavía se pone en cuestión su carácter científico y se persiste en el exabrupto de que la pedagogía se refiere al saber del maestro sobre la enseñanza.
A Thematic Review of Quadratic Equation Studies in The Field of Mathematics Education
Authors: DİDİŞ KABAR Makbule Gözde
Published: July 2023

Quadratic equations are one of the fundamental topics of the secondary school curriculum. Current research in algebra education indicates an upswing in interest in quadratic equations research; however, the general trend of quadratic equation studies is not known. Research, which systematically analyzes quadratic equation studies in the field of mathematics education, will be a guide for the researchers who plan to research this subject matter. Furthermore, displaying the content of quadratic equation studies will be a guide for mathematics teachers in finding the resources to reach alternative teaching methods. This study aimed to review both descriptively and thematically the quadratic equation studies in the field of mathematics education conducted in the period of 2000 to 2021. For this aim, both descriptive and thematic content analysis were used. 42 articles and 9 theses conducted between 2000 and 2021 were examined and analyzed. The findings of this study displayed that although current research in algebra education showed interest in quadratic equation studies, the number of the studies was quite scarce, and the studies still lack sufficient scope. Particularly, more studies should be conducted by considering mathematics teachers’ and pre-service mathematics teachers’ knowledge for teaching quadratic equations from different perspectives. This study will provide a more collective understanding of quadratic equation studies in the field of mathematics education.
What is the Effect of Intervening SHINBARAM on Teachers' Satisfaction in Korean Language and Culture Centers in Which a Korean Missionary is a Leader?
Authors: CHOİ Chi Hyun , PURBA John Tampil , SUDİBJO Niko , PRAMONO Rudy
Published: July 2023

Many Korean missionaries worldwide serve the local community by demonstrating leadership through Korean language teaching. This paper aims to understand the influence of transformational (TF) leadership and transactional (TS) leadership of Korean missionaries on teachers’ job satisfaction (JS) in Korean Language and Culture Centers (KLCCs), with shinbaram (SH) as a Korean ethnic factor as the intervening variable. This research used the Structural Equation Model (SEM) method to analyze 133 samples of KLCC teachers in 23 countries. The findings showed that the TF leadership did not significantly influence the KLCC teachers’ JS, but it did have an influence through the effect of SH intervention. In contrast, the TS leadership directly influenced the KLCC teachers’ JS significantly, but it did not have an influence through the effect of SH intervention. The TF leadership influenced the SH significantly, although the TS leadership did not. In other words, if the TF leadership was implemented in the KLCCs, the teachers’ JS could be improved only when the SH was applied to the organizational culture. Also, this study confirms that the SH directly influenced the KLCC teachers’ JS. These results demonstrate the role of SH as social psychological energy in strengthening JS in a non-profit educational organization whose leaders are missionaries, such as the KLCCs. Non-profit organizations with relatively weak compensation systems should utilize the SH as a catalyst to improve the teachers’ JS.
Examination of Pre-Service Teachers’ Safety Expectations in The Design of Smartphones in Terms of Various Variables
Authors: TOZKOPARAN Süleyman Burak , ODABAŞI Ferhan
Published: July 2023

In this research, it is aimed to reveal safety expectations of pre-service teachers in the design of smartphones and to examine them in terms of 8 variables as follows: gender, generation (Y-Z), department/branch group, main purpose of smartphone use, operating system, number of smartphones used, smartphone replacement frequency and smartphone segment preference. Quantitative research method was adopted, and the relational survey model was used. For the collection of data, Safety Expectations in the Design of Smartphones Scale (SEitDoSS) -which was developed as part of the first author’s Ph.D. thesis- consisting of 21 items and 5 factors (user-specific expectations, device-specific expectations, integration expectations, health-specific expectations and support expectations) and a Personal Information Form created to collect participants’ information about the variables. Anadolu and Osmangazi Universities (universities in Eskişehir province of Türkiye) were selected to obtain data. The application was carried out online in the spring semester of the 2020-2021 Academic Year, and a total of 252 participants were reached during the 8-week application. According to the results, pre-service teachers’ safety expectations in the design of smartphones are generally high. There was a significant difference in at least one dimension in terms of 7 variables: gender, generation, department/branch group, main purpose of smartphone use, operating system, smartphone replacement frequency and smartphone segment preference. According to the “number of smartphones used”, there was no significant difference in terms of safety expectations of smartphones in design. The implications of the results are discussed with the support of the studies in the literature.
A study on Establishment of Stability Test and Biopharmaceutical Analysis Support Center
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Bang Kyu Ho
Published: July 2023

This study was undertaken to suggest the necessity of establishing stability test and biopharmaceutical analysis support center. Feasibility study on center establishment was performed as online survey to factory manager and person in charge in 39 pharmaceutical companies in Korea. More than seventy percent of 39 companies responded that they need to establish it. Eighty percent of respondents answered that they would entrust the entire test items of stability test and 71.8% of respondents answered that they would entrust biopharmaceutical cell bank and protein analysis. The construction cost of two centers with 2 stories and 1 basement floor and 3000m2 was 6.37 billion won. The stability test center need to 173 EA of 71 types of equipment and 4.086 billion won in budget for equipment purchases. The biopharmaceutical analysis support center need to 169 EA of 77 types of equipment and about 7.2 billion won in budget for equipment purchase. Total cost for construction and equipment purchase was 17.65 billion won. The establishment of two centers with expertise and efficiency would provide the competitiveness of the pharmaceutical industry in Korea.
The Effect of Umbraulva japonica on the Stimulation of Anagen Phase
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Kang Jung-Il , Kim Youri , Kim Haeri , Yoo Eun-Sook , Kang Hee-Kyoung
Published: July 2023

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Umbraulva japonica extract on the hair growth. Treatment with U. Japonica extract significantly increased the proliferation of dermal papilla cells (DPCs), a central regulator of the hair cycle. When isolated rat vibrissa follicles were treated with U. Japonica extract for 21 d, the hair-fiber lengths of the vibrissa follicles increased. When examined the activity of 5α-reductase, which converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a main cause of androgenetic alopecia, U. Japonica extract did not inhibit the 5α-reductase activity. Moreover, we found that the U. Japonica extract also significantly accelerated anagen phase in vivo. These results suggest that the U. Japonica extract has the potential to treat alopecia via the stimulation of anagen phase.
FixNCut v1.0 v1
Authors: Jiménes-Garcia Laura
Published: July 2023

This protocol details reversible fixation for cells and tissues for subsequent use in sc/snRNA, sc/snATAC or Multiome. Spatial-Omics compatibility is being validated. For more information check this preprint: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.06.16.545221v2