bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aero-Structural Coupling Strategy for a Morphing Blade Cascade Study
Authors: Abate Giada , Riemenschneider Johannes , Hergt Alexander
Published: December 2021

The coupling of aerodynamics and structural mechanics is an important step in the design process of aeronautical devices with morphing parts. In this article, a 2D–3D coupling approach is developed to study a morphing blade cascade. Two shape memory alloy actuators are placed on the upper and lower sides of the blade to make possible the change in shape of the leading edge. In the present study, a preliminary design study is conducted by considering a two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of an airfoil cascade coupled with a three-dimensional structural analysis of the whole 3D blade. A methodology is developed to match 2D and 3D meshes such that the aerodynamic loads can be easily transferred to the structural analysis. From there, the deformed blade geometry due to both aerodynamic loads and actuator work can be transferred back to the CFD solver, and the iterative aero-structural coupling loop can be repeated until convergence. The aero-structural coupling strategy developed in this study is also applied to a blade cascade study aiming to improve its performance by morphing the leading-edge of the blade. The results of this application show that by morphing the leading-edge blade of only few millimeters (less than 2 mm), it is possible to achieve a relevant performance improvement in terms of total pressure loss coefficient decrease of about 53% considering off-design conditions.
Reconstruction of shear wave speed in tissue-mimicking phantoms from aliased pulse-echo imaging of high-frequency wavefields
Authors: Dayavansha E. G. Sunethra , Gross Gary J. , Ehrman Matthew C. , Grimm Peter D. , Mast T. Douglas
Published: December 2021

Quantitative elasticity estimation in medical and industrial applications may benefit from advancements in reconstruction of shear wave speed with enhanced resolution. Here, shear wave speed is reconstructed from pulse-echo ultrasound imaging of elastic waves induced by high-frequency (>400 Hz), time-harmonic mechanical excitation. Particle displacement in shear wavefields is mapped from measured interframe phase differences with compensation for timing of multiple scan lines, then processed by spatial Fourier analysis to estimate the predominant wave speed and analyzed by algebraic wavefield inversion to reconstruct wave speed maps. Reconstructions of shear wave speed from simulated wavefields illustrate the accuracy and spatial resolution available with both methods, as functions of signal-to-noise ratio and sizes of windows used for Fourier analysis or wavefield smoothing. The methods are applied to shear wavefields with frequencies up to six times the Nyquist rate, thus extending the frequency range measurable by a given imaging system. Wave speed measurements in tissue-mimicking phantoms are compared with supersonic shear imaging and mechanical tensile testing, demonstrating feasibility of the wavefield measurement and wave speed reconstruction methods employed.
“Knowing That This Is My Place Is Very Positive”: The Case of a Swedish Table Tennis Club
Authors: Karlsson Michaela Elisabeth , Stambulova Natalia B. , Henriksen Kristoffer
Published: December 2021

This case study is guided by the holistic ecological approach and aimed at (a) providing a holistic description of an athletic talent development environment using a table tennis club in Sweden as a case study and (b) examining the factors perceived as influential to the effectiveness of the club’s talent development. The holistic ecological approach’s two working models informed the data collection (through interviews, observation, and analysis of documents) and were subsequently transformed into empirical models, acting as a summary of the case. Findings revealed that the environment’s success in talent development can be seen as an outcome of the following key features: (a) flexible and supportive training groups, (b) opportunities to learn from senior elite athletes, (c) support through the club and sport-friendly schools, (d) support of the development of psychosocial skills, (e) regular and intensive training, (f) focus on long-term development and athletes as whole persons, (g) strong and coherent organizational culture centered around the basic assumption, “we are a community of committed members,” and (h) integrated efforts among the club and sport-friendly schools to support athletes’ development. This case study can inform other athletic talent development environments on how to optimize talent development processes.
Dr. Richard C. Nelson: An Important Multigenerational Father of Biomechanics
Authors: Norman Robert W. , McGill Stuart M. , Potvin James R.
Published: December 2021

Dr. Richard Nelson is internationally acknowledged in many countries as an extremely important leader in the emergence of biomechanics of human movement as a respected scientific discipline. As his PhD graduates, and, subsequently, their graduates, have become faculty members at many universities, Dr. Nelson’s influence has grown for more than 50 years via several generations of his biomechanics “children.” It was probably never known to him that he also had significant influence on all laboratory-based subdisciplines of the undergraduate and graduate education and faculty research programs of the then new (1967) Department of Kinesiology at the University of Waterloo, Canada. The teaching and research programs included not only biomechanics but also exercise and work physiology, anatomy, biochemistry, and neurophysiology of human movement.
Do Athletes With a Reconstructed Anterior Cruciate Ligament Respond Differently Than Controls to Visual Challenges When Dynamic Postural Stability is Assessed?
Authors: Robey Nathan J. , Buchholz Kurt O. , Murphy Shane P. , Smith Jeremy D. , Heise Gary D.
Published: December 2021

Individuals returning to sport after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are at an increased risk of sustaining a subsequent ACL injury. It is suspected that increased reliance on visual information to maintain stability may factor into this increased risk. The connection between visual reliance and ACLR is not well understood during dynamic tasks. Examination of the proposed visual reliance may help improve returning to sport standards and reduce subsequent ACL injury risk. A total of 12 ACLR individuals and 12 age- and sex-matched controls completed several trials of a normalized dynamic hop task on both limbs under 3 different visual conditions (eyes open, low visual disruption, and high visual disruption). Stroboscopic eyewear were worn by each participant to disrupt vision during testing. Ground reaction force data were collected during landing. Dynamic postural stability was assessed using 2 separate calculations: dynamic postural stability index and time to stability. No significant statistical interactions or group differences were observed. The stroboscopic eyewear did increase the medial–lateral stability index from the eyes open to the low visual disruption condition (P < .05). These findings suggest that ACLR individuals do not rely on visual information more than controls during a dynamic hop task.
Rapid test to assess the escape of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern
Authors: Heggestad Jacob T. , Britton Rhett J. , Kinnamon David S. , Wall Simone A. , Joh Daniel Y. , Hucknall Angus M. , Olson Lyra B. , Anderson Jack G. , Mazur Anna , Wolfe Cameron R. , Oguin Thomas H. , Sullenger Bruce A. , Burke Thomas W. , Kraft Bryan D. , Sempowski Gregory D. , Woods Christopher W. , Chilkoti Ashutosh
Published: December 2021

A rapid test measures neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in 1 hour.
Phase 2 Open-Label Study of Long-Term Safety, Tolerability, and Antiviral Activity of Rilpivirine in Antiretroviral-Naive Adolescents Living with HIV-1
Authors: Lombaard Johan , Ssali Francis , Thanyawee Puthanakit , Fourie Jan , Vanveggel Simon , Linthicum Cornelia , Van Eygen Veerle , Van Solingen-Ristea Rodica
Published: December 2021

This phase 2 study investigated long-term safety and efficacy of rilpivirine (RPV [Edurant]) plus two investigator-selected nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) in HIV-1-infected antiviral therapy-naive adolescents. Participants (≥12 to <18 years of age) were treated with RPV at 25 mg once daily (q.d.) plus 2 NRTIs for participants who entered the treatment extension period for up to 240 weeks, with visits every 3 months. Long-term safety (analysis of adverse events [AEs] and laboratory results), efficacy (virologic response and outcome for patients with viral loads of <50 and <400 by time to loss of virologic response [TLOVR] and FDA Snapshot methods, as well as CD4
+
cell count), and adherence (by pill count) for up to 240 weeks are presented.
Tectonism and metamorphism along a southern Appalachian transect across the Blue Ridge and Piedmont, USA
Authors: Stowell* Harold , Bollen* Elizabeth , McKay* Matthew P. , Thigpen* J. Ryan , Dickson* Hannah F. , Madden* Jeffrey R. , Fiechtner* Cobi , Ionescu* Adelie
Published: December 2021

The Appalachian Mountains expose one of the most-studied orogenic belts in the world. However, metamorphic pressure-temperature-time (P-T-t) paths for reconstructing the tectonic history are largely lacking for the southernmost end of the orogen. In this contribution, we describe select field locations in a rough transect across the orogen from Ducktown, Tennessee, to Goldville, Alabama. Metamorphic rocks from nine locations are described and analyzed in order to construct quantitative P-T-t paths, utilizing isochemical phase diagram sections and garnet Sm-Nd ages. P-T-t paths and garnet Sm-Nd ages for migmatitic garnet sillimanite schist document high-grade 460–411 Ma metamorphism extending south from Winding Stair Gap to Standing Indian in the Blue Ridge of North Carolina. In the Alabama Blue Ridge, Wedowee Group rocks were metamorphosed at biotite to staurolite zone, with only local areas of higher-temperature metamorphism. The Wedowee Group is flanked by higher-grade rocks of the Ashland Supergroup and Emuckfaw Group to the northwest and southeast, respectively. Garnet ages between ca. 357 and 319 Ma indicate that garnet growth was Neoacadian to early Alleghanian in the Blue Ridge of Alabama. The P-T-t paths for these rocks are compatible with crustal thickening during garnet growth.
Investigating the demands for mobile internet-based home nursing services for the elderly
Authors: Gong Yu , Zhou Jianyuan , Ding Fang
Published: December 2021

The great value of home nursing services in the treatment of ailments in elderly patients has attracted increasing attention. This study describes a new mobile internet-based home nursing service system and investigates the reasons for its use among elderly patients. 520 cases of mobile internet-based home nursing services were investigated. The proportion of major reasons to use mobile internet-based home nursing services among the elderly was analyzed and the satisfaction rate was investigated. The constituent ratios of nursing care for pressure ulcers, peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC), subcutaneous injection, general stoma care, psychological care, and intramuscular injection were 61.35%, 28.85%, 6.15%, 1.92%, 1.35%, and 0.38%, respectively. The satisfaction rate with mobile internet-based home nursing services among elderly patients was 100%. Considering the demand for home nursing services for elderly patients, this is the first time that a new mobile internet-based home nursing service has been applied to provide home nursing services to elderly patients and meet their home nursing service needs. Treatment for pressure ulcers, PICC, subcutaneous injection, general stoma care, psychological care, and intramuscular injection were found to be the main reasons to use mobile internet-based home nursing services among the elderly. The new mobile internet-based home nursing service system provides convenient home nursing services to elderly patients and ensures that they get equal rights in home nursing. The results provide basis for healthcare policy makers to formulate new home nursing policies for elderly patients.
Sequential administration of pemetrexed and cisplatin reprograms tumor immune microenvironment and potentiates PD-1/PD-L1 treatment in a lung cancer model
Authors: Yu Jinxiang , Zhang Qianyun , Li Jie , Si Zhaohui , Guo Yuanyuan , Xu Xin , Wu Kanjin
Published: December 2021

This article aimed to investigate the effects of the administration method of pemetrexed and cisplatin on the efficacy and safety of treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the intrinsic molecular mechanism. Subcutaneous injection of A549 cells into BALB/C nude mice was used to explore the efficacy of different administration methods of pemetrexed and cisplatin in vivo. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) was evaluated by ATP secretion, ecto-CALR expression, and high mobility group protein 1 release. Western blot, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemical staining were applied to detect the expression of apoptosis, cell cycle, and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway-related markers. Immune microenvironment was evaluated by secretion of cytokines, infiltration of CD8+ T cells, and expression of programmed death molecular ligand-1 (PD-L1). Sequential treatment with pemetrexed and cisplatin inhibited A549 cell-driven tumor formation in nude mice and regulated the expression of apoptosis and cell cycle-related genes. STING pathway and ICD were further activated by sequential treatment with pemetrexed and cisplatin. This sequential administration method increased the levels of interferon β, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 12, and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10, enhanced the infiltration of CD8+ T cells, and upregulated the expression of PD-L1. Sequential administration of pemetrexed and cisplatin in the treatment of mouse NSCLC model may have a better effect than combination of drugs, providing theoretical basis and potential guidance for clinical medication.
Pharmacogenomic testing and prescribing patterns for patients with cancer in a large national precision medicine cohort
Authors: Ronquillo Jay G , Lester William T
Published: December 2021

Population databases could help patients with cancer and providers better understand current pharmacogenomic prescribing and testing practices. This retrospective observational study analysed patients with cancer, drugs with pharmacogenomic evidence and related genetic testing in the National Institutes of HealthAll of Usdatabase. Most patients with cancer (19 633 (88.3%) vs 2590 (11.7%)) received ≥1 drug and 36 (0.2%) received genetic testing, with a significant association between receiving ≥1 drug and age group (p<0.001), but not sex (p=0.612), race (p=0.232) or ethnicity (p=0.971). Drugs with pharmacogenomic evidence—but not genetic testing—were common for patients with cancer, reflecting key gaps preventing precision medicine from becoming standard of care.
Angptl2 gene knockdown is critical for abolishing angiotensin II-induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration
Authors: Yang Haiying , Liu Jie , Chen Xue , Li Guobin
Published: December 2021

Angiopoietin-like 2 (Angptl2) is reported to be correlated with cardiovascular diseases, but its role in hypertension remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role and potential mechanism of Angptl2 in hypertension. Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were used to detect the expression of Angptl2. Angiotensin II (Ang II) stimulates vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to mimic hypertension in vitro. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities were determined using CCK-8, cell colony formation, wound healing, and transwell assays, respectively. The cell cycle distribution was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of Ki67 was determined by immunofluorescence, and protein expression was measured using western blotting. Angptl2 was found to be elevated in hypertensive rats in vivo and in VSMCs upon Ang II stimulation in vitro. Angptl2 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation, cell migration, and invasion as well as the downregulation of Ki67. Additionally, Angptl2 knockdown hindered cell cycle progression and downregulated protein expression of CDK2/4 and cyclin D1, but upregulated p21 expression. Furthermore, Angptl2 knockdown inhibited activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Our findings suggest that Angptl2 knockdown suppresses VSMC proliferation, migration, and invasion induced by Ang II. Angptl2 may be a new target for vascular remodeling in hypertension.
Four-pomeron vertex
Authors: Braun M. A.
Published: December 2021

The four-pomeron vertex is studied in the perturbative QCD. Its dominating terms of the leading (zeroth and first) orders in the coupling constant and subdominant in the number of colors are constructed. The vertex consists of two terms, one with a derivative in rapidity $$\partial _y$$

∂
y

and the other with the BFKL interaction between pomerons. The corresponding part of the action and equations of motion are found. The iterative solution of the latter is possible only for rapidities smaller than 2 and quite large coupling constant $$\alpha _s$$

α
s

, of the order or greater than unity, when the quadruple pomeron interaction is relatively small. Also iteration of the part with $$\partial _y$$

∂
y

is unstable in the infrared region and compels to introduce an infrared cut. The variational approach with simple trying functions allows to find the minimum of the action at $$\alpha _s$$

α
s

of the order 0.2 and rapidities up to 25. Numerical estimates for O–O collisions show that actually the influence of the quadruple pomeron interaction turns out to be rather small.
Research on Human-Computer Interaction Control Method in the Background of Internet of Things
Authors: Hu Yingying , Li Zhongyang
Published: December 2021

Against the background of the growing development of the Internet of Things, this article conducts research on more efficient methods for controlling the interconnection of all things, and proposes that smart devices use the same operating platform, and the human-computer interface presents universal modular controls for manipulation, it can satisfy the requirement that one device controls several different types of controlled device simultaneously. At the same time, the interactive method uses the controlled device to actively submit control content to the control device, and discusses the human-computer interactive control method applicable to the Internet of Everything, and strives to achieve a convenient and easy-to-use human-computer control experience.
Semantic Sequence Labeling Model of Power Dispatching Based on Deep Long Short Term Memory Network
Authors: Hu Feifei , Zeng Shibo , Hong Danke , Zhang Situo , Song Yongwei , Xu Cheng
Published: December 2021

As the decision-making brain for power system operation, grid regulation and operation is a comprehensive decision-making control that combines a large amount of data, mechanism analysis, operating procedures and professional experience, and a new generation of artificial intelligence development ideas and evolution characterized by data-driven and knowledge-guided. The directions are very close. However, the current scheduling control is still based on experience and manual analysis. The massive and diverse data of the control center and the lack of logical models between the plans require a large amount of experience and knowledge associations by the control personnel. There are more repetitive human brain labor and relatively low intelligence. Therefore, deep learning is applied to the learning of power control knowledge, and a semantic understanding network based on deep Long Short Term Memory is proposed. It uses sequence labeling to extract in-depth semantic related information of different keywords and query questions, and finds key information about language problems in order to achieve fine-grained and precise query. Experiments show that the proposed network model is superior to the previous methods, and it achieves better performance in the joint extraction of fine-grained evaluation words and evaluation objects, extracts the key information and deep semantic information of query problems and corresponding cases, and realizes power scheduling based on voice interaction The model can be effectively applied in the field of power dispatching and solve a large number of problems in power dispatching and control.
Human-Centered Applications in Sustainable Smart City Development: A Qualitative Survey
Authors: Wei Xu , Ruan Mengyu , Vadivel Thanjai , Daniel J. Alfred
Published: December 2021

Corporate Industries apply new technologies for manufacturing and production applications. This makes the process depend upon multiple computers, robotic applications, and varying specifications, which reduces efficiency and speed. These technological challenges are incredibly diverse since an extensive range of processing technologies is available. When it comes to human-centered automation, it’s all about the scientific knowledge and data encapsulation for robots to interact within this field. Robots must operate in various ecosystems and interact closely with non-professional customers. Current technology is not well adapted to this scenario, requiring sustainable management separated from available technology. In this article, the human-centered Industrial Robot using Artificial Intelligence (AI-HCIR) is suggested as a tool to resolve such issues. Several manufacturing protocols are presented to efficiently produce products that simplify human work and involve different needs. The HCIR scrutinizes it for time allocation and manufacturing time allocation. For this, a suitable processing environment and a detailed simulation is conducted. The proposed AI-HCIR achieves a 33.68% error rate, 24% throughput, and 18.7% efficiency in the smart city environment. In contrast with conventional methods, the proposed method obtains a better result efficiently.
How Statistically Significant is the DMCA Coefficient?
Authors: Guedes Everaldo Freitas
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we proposed a statistical test for the Detrending Moving-Average Cross-Correlation Coefficient ([Formula: see text]). With this methodology, it is possible to evaluate the statistical significance of [Formula: see text] for different confidence levels. The test was applied to financial market and climatological data. Findings on this research show that rejection or non-rejection of the null hypothesis of [Formula: see text] depends on the size [Formula: see text] of the series and the moving average window length [Formula: see text] evaluated. Our findings also show a behavioral pattern in the critical values of [Formula: see text]. Fixing the size of the series [Formula: see text], as the size of the moving average window length [Formula: see text] increases, the critical values tend to increase.
DETECTING OPINION-BASED GROUPS AND POLARIZATION IN SURVEY-BASED ATTITUDE NETWORKS AND ESTIMATING QUESTION RELEVANCE
Authors: DINKELBERG ALEJANDRO , O’SULLIVAN DAVID JP , QUAYLE MICHAEL , MACCARRON PÁDRAIG
Published: December 2021

Networks, representing attitudinal survey data, expose the structure of opinion-based groups. We make use of these network projections to identify the groups reliably through community detection algorithms and to examine social-identity-based groups. Our goal is to present a method for revealing polarization and opinion-based groups in attitudinal surveys. This method can be broken down into the following steps: data preparation, construction of similarity-based networks, algorithmic identification of opinion-based groups, and identification of important items for community structure. We assess the method’s performance and possible scope for applying it to empirical data and to a broad range of synthetic data sets. The empirical data application points out possible conclusions (i.e. social-identity polarization), whereas the synthetic data sets mark out the method’s boundaries. Next to an application example on political attitude survey, our results suggest that the method works for various surveys but is also moderated by the efficacy of the community detection algorithms. Concerning the identification of opinion-based groups, we provide a solid method to rank the item’s influence on group formation and as a group identifier. We discuss how this network approach for identifying polarization can classify non-overlapping opinion-based groups even in the absence of extreme opinions.
Ontology Versioning Driven by Instance Evolution in the τOWL Framework
Authors: Brahmia Zouhaier , Grandi Fabio , Zekri Abir , Bouaziz Rafik
Published: December 2021

Like other components of Semantic Web-based applications, ontologies are evolving over time to reflect changes in the real world. Several of these applications require keeping a full-fledged history of ontology changes so that both ontology instance versions and their corresponding ontology schema versions are maintained. Updates to an ontology instance could be non-conservative that is leading to a new ontology instance version no longer conforming to the current ontology schema version. If, for some reasons, a non-conservative update has to be executed, in spite of its consequence, it requires the production of a new ontology schema version to which the new ontology instance version is conformant so that the new ontology version produced by the update is globally consistent. In this paper, we first propose an approach that supports ontology schema changes which are triggered by non-conservative updates to ontology instances and, thus, gives rise to an ontology schema versioning driven by instance updates. Note that in an engineering perspective, such an approach can be used as an incremental ontology construction method driven by the modification of instance data, whose exact structure may not be completely known at the initial design time. After that, we apply our proposal to the already established [Formula: see text]OWL (Temporal OWL 2) framework, which allows defining and evolving temporal OWL 2 ontologies in an environment that supports temporal versioning of both ontology instances and ontology schemas, by extending it to also support the management of non-conservative updates to ontology instance versions. Last, we show the feasibility of our approach by dealing with its implementation within a new release of the [Formula: see text] OWL-Manager tool.
Examining How Employer Brand Perceptions Differ for Potential and Existing Employees in the Indian IT Sector: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Agarwal Tamanna , Arya Sandeep , Bhasin Kamini
Published: December 2021

Employer branding as a tool is consistently gaining importance to attract and retain talent. Previous studies have observed employer branding process through potential employee’s perspective while others have taken current employees as their sample. It has been well acknowledged that variation exists in perception of potential and existing employees regarding the value propositions that an employer offers. This variation may result in employee disengagement or lower commitment. Considering the importance of the problem, this paper attempts to explore and analyse this phenomenon of variation in employer brand perceptions that exists between potential and existing employees. To achieve this objective, a longitudinal study consisting of 411 employees of top IT companies in India is conducted. Responses from the same sample are collected at two different points; first, when the respondents are final year students (potential employees/applicants) and the second instance is when they are absorbed into the company after induction and training. The results reveal that certain differences (based on instrumental-symbolic framework) are observed in the relative importance of employer brand attributes for the same individuals, i.e. when they are looking for a job and when they are working as an employee. Also, we conclude that though the differences cannot be eliminated totally, however, it can be minimised to a certain level by focusing on certain touchpoints.
Effects of Heat Treatment on High Temperature Mechanical Property and Corrosion Resistance of Hastelloy X Manufactured by Selective Laser Melting
Authors: Zhang Qingxia , Meng Lingtao , Yin Xiaotian , Wang Shenghai , Liu Yong , Wang Li
Published: December 2021

In previous studies, the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of Hastelloy X fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) have been investigated; however, it is hoped that heat treatment will effect on its properties. Therefore, this study is to discuss heat treatment effect on Hastelloy X fabricated by SLM. It is interestingly found that fracture strain greatly increases with heat treatment, and the yield ratio decreases, which demonstrates the material is more reliable. High temperature tensile behavior is discussed; it is worth mentioning that not only fracture strain of the HT sample increases greatly at 550∘C in comparison with SLM sample, but also ultimate tensile strength increases from 632 MPa to 639 MPa; the results show that the mechanical property can be improved at medium and high temperature by heat treatment. The corrosion resistance of HT sample deteriorates slightly, which can be explained by Cr-rich precipitates. In conclusion, the material after heat treatment is suitable for applications requiring high mechanical reliability and medium and high temperature occasions, but it is not befitting for corrosive environments.
Comprehensive Analyses of Twitter for Hurricane Irma
Authors: Yum Seungil
Published: December 2021

This study sheds new light on the sentiment analysis of Twitter for Hurricane Irma with respect to the US states and different periods based on comprehensive analyses. This study finds that tweets are highly related to Florida since the state is the most damaged state with respect to Hurricane Irma. This study also finds that people in other regions posted numerous tweets regarding praying for the people who are damaged by the hurricane and trying to assist in some disaster relief. Next, this study shows that the proportion of tweets is differentiated by periods and regions. In the pre-hurricane period, tweets are heavily concentrated in the South region. In the hurricane period, tweets are highly located in the Southeast and the Northeast regions. In the post-hurricane period, tweets are more posted in the Northeast region. Lastly, this study highlights that people upload numerous tweets including keywords related to regions, such as “Florida”, “Miami”, and keywords related to the hurricane, such as “safe”, “prepare”, and “evacuate”. People are also highly interested in the US president’s action to cope with the Hurricane Irma.
Towards Communication-Efficient and Attack-Resistant Federated Edge Learning for Industrial Internet of Things
Authors: Liu Yi , Zhao Ruihui , Kang Jiawen , Yassine Abdulsalam , Niyato Dusit , Peng Jialiang
Published: December 2021

Federated Edge Learning (FEL) allows edge nodes to train a global deep learning model collaboratively for edge computing in the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), which significantly promotes the development of Industrial 4.0. However, FEL faces two critical challenges: communication overhead and data privacy. FEL suffers from expensive communication overhead when training large-scale multi-node models. Furthermore, due to the vulnerability of FEL to gradient leakage and label-flipping attacks, the training process of the global model is easily compromised by adversaries. To address these challenges, we propose a communication-efficient and privacy-enhanced asynchronous FEL framework for edge computing in IIoT. First, we introduce an asynchronous model update scheme to reduce the computation time that edge nodes wait for global model aggregation. Second, we propose an asynchronous local differential privacy mechanism, which improves communication efficiency and mitigates gradient leakage attacks by adding well-designed noise to the gradients of edge nodes. Third, we design a cloud-side malicious node detection mechanism to detect malicious nodes by testing the local model quality. Such a mechanism can avoid malicious nodes participating in training to mitigate label-flipping attacks. Extensive experimental studies on two real-world datasets demonstrate that the proposed framework can not only improve communication efficiency but also mitigate malicious attacks while its accuracy is comparable to traditional FEL frameworks.
Locality-Aware CTA Scheduling for Gaming Applications
Authors: Ukarande Aditya , Patidar Suryakant , Rangan Ram
Published: December 2021

The compute work rasterizer or the GigaThread Engine of a modern NVIDIA GPU focuses on maximizing compute work occupancy across all streaming multiprocessors in a GPU while retaining design simplicity. In this article, we identify the operational aspects of the GigaThread Engine that help it meet those goals but also lead to less-than-ideal cache locality for texture accesses in 2D compute shaders, which are an important optimization target for gaming applications. We develop three software techniques, namely
LargeCTAs
,
Swizzle
, and
Agents
, to show that it is possible to effectively exploit the texture data working set overlap intrinsic to 2D compute shaders.

We evaluate these techniques on gaming applications across two generations of NVIDIA GPUs, RTX 2080 and RTX 3080, and find that they are effective on both GPUs. We find that the bandwidth savings from all our software techniques on RTX 2080 is much higher than the bandwidth savings on baseline execution from inter-generational cache capacity increase going from RTX 2080 to RTX 3080. Our best-performing technique,
Agents
, records up to a 4.7% average full-frame speedup by reducing bandwidth demand of targeted shaders at the L1-L2 and L2-DRAM interfaces by 23% and 32%, respectively, on the latest generation RTX 3080. These results acutely highlight the sensitivity of cache locality to compute work rasterization order and the importance of locality-aware cooperative thread array scheduling for gaming applications.
Iterative Compilation Optimization Based on Metric Learning and Collaborative Filtering
Authors: Liu Hongzhi , Luo Jie , Li Ying , Wu Zhonghai
Published: December 2021

Pass selection and phase ordering are two critical compiler auto-tuning problems. Traditional heuristic methods cannot effectively address these NP-hard problems especially given the increasing number of compiler passes and diverse hardware architectures. Recent research efforts have attempted to address these problems through machine learning. However, the large search space of candidate pass sequences, the large numbers of redundant and irrelevant features, and the lack of training program instances make it difficult to learn models well. Several methods have tried to use expert knowledge to simplify the problems, such as using only the compiler passes or subsequences in the standard levels (e.g., -O1, -O2, and -O3) provided by compiler designers. However, these methods ignore other useful compiler passes that are not contained in the standard levels.
Principal component analysis (PCA)
and
exploratory factor analysis (EFA)
have been utilized to reduce the redundancy of feature data. However, these unsupervised methods retain all the information irrelevant to the performance of compilation optimization, which may mislead the subsequent model learning.

To solve these problems, we propose a compiler pass selection and phase ordering approach, called
Iterative Compilation based on Metric learning and Collaborative filtering (ICMC)
. First, we propose a data-driven method to construct pass subsequences according to the observed collaborative interactions and dependency among passes on a given program set. Therefore, we can make use of all available compiler passes and prune the search space. Then, a supervised metric learning method is utilized to retain useful feature information for compilation optimization while removing both the irrelevant and the redundant information. Based on the learned similarity metric, a neighborhood-based collaborative filtering method is employed to iteratively recommend a few superior compiler passes for each target program. Last, an iterative data enhancement method is designed to alleviate the problem of lacking training program instances and to enhance the performance of iterative pass recommendations. The experimental results using the LLVM compiler on all 32 cBench programs show the following: (1) ICMC significantly outperforms several state-of-the-art compiler phase ordering methods, (2) it performs the same or better than the standard level -O3 on all the test programs, and (3) it can reach an average performance speedup of 1.20 (up to 1.46) compared with the standard level -O3.
Optimal Dual Schemes for Adaptive Grid Based Hexmeshing
Authors: Livesu Marco , Pitzalis Luca , Cherchi Gianmarco
Published: December 2021

Hexahedral meshes are a ubiquitous domain for the numerical resolution of partial differential equations. Computing a pure hexahedral mesh from an adaptively refined grid is a prominent approach to automatic hexmeshing, and requires the ability to restore the all hex property around the hanging nodes that arise at the interface between cells having different size. The most advanced tools to accomplish this task are based on mesh dualization. These approaches use topological schemes to regularize the valence of inner vertices and edges, such that dualizing the grid yields a pure hexahedral mesh. In this article, we study in detail the dual approach, and propose four main contributions to it: (i) We enumerate all the possible transitions that dual methods must be able to handle, showing that prior schemes do not natively cover all of them; (ii) We show that schemes are internally asymmetric, therefore not only their construction is ambiguous, but different implementative choices lead to hexahedral meshes with different singular structure; (iii) We explore the combinatorial space of dual schemes, selecting the minimum set that covers all the possible configurations and also yields the simplest singular structure in the output hexmesh; (iv) We enlarge the class of adaptive grids that can be transformed into pure hexahedral meshes, relaxing one of the tight topological requirements imposed by previous approaches. Our extensive experiments show that our transition schemes consistently outperform prior art in terms of ability to converge to a valid solution, amount and distribution of singular mesh edges, and element count. Last but not least, we publicly release our code and reveal a conspicuous amount of technical details that were overlooked in previous literature, lowering an entry barrier that was hard to overcome for practitioners in the field.
An educational toolkit for teaching cloud computing
Authors: Anglano Cosimo , Canonico Massimo , Guazzone Marco
Published: December 2021

In an educational context, experimenting with a real cloud computing platform is very important to let students understand the core concepts, methodologies and technologies of cloud computing. However, API heterogeneity of cloud providers complicates the experimentation by forcing students to focus on the use of different APIs, and by hindering the jointly use of different platforms. In this paper, we present EasyCloud, a toolkit enabling the easy and effective use of different cloud platforms. In particular, we describe its features, architecture, scalability, and use in our cloud computing courses, as well as the pedagogical insights we learnt over the years.
Network structure and social learning
Authors: Dasaratha Krishna , He Kevin
Published: December 2021

We describe results from Dasaratha and He [DH21a] and Dasaratha and He [DH20] about how network structure influences social learning outcomes. These papers share a tractable sequential model that lets us compare learning dynamics across networks. With Bayesian agents, incomplete networks can generate informational confounding that makes learning arbitrarily inefficient. With naive agents, related forces can lead to mislearning.
Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique Reinvented: Part II. Experiments
Authors: Kang Stephen Dongmin , Kuo Jimmy Jiahong , Kapate Nidhi , Hong Jihyun , Park Joonsuk , Chueh William C.
Published: December 2021

Following a critical review of the galvanostatic intermittent titration technique in Part I, here we experimentally demonstrate how to extract chemical diffusivity with a modified method. We prepare dense bulk samples that ensure diffusion-limitation. We utilize the scaling with

t

relax

+
τ

−

t

relax

(t
relax: relaxation time; τ: pulse duration), avoiding problems with composition-dependent overpotentials. The equilibrium Nernst voltage is measured separately using small porous particles. This separation between the diffusion measurement and the titration procedure is critical for performing each measurement in a reliable setting. We report the chemical diffusion coefficients of LixNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 and their activation energy. We extract ionic conductivity and compare it with total conductivity to confirm ion-limitation in chemical diffusion. The measurements suggest that the time scale for diffusion in typical Li-ion battery particles could be much shorter than that of the intercalation/deintercalation processes at the particle surface (Biot number less than 0.1).
Exercise increases phosphorylation of the putative mTORC2 activity readout NDRG1 in human skeletal muscle
Authors: Knudsen Jonas R. , Persson Kaspar W. , Meister Jaroslawna , Carl Christian S. , Raun Steffen H. , Andersen Nicoline R. , Sylow Lykke , Kiens Bente , Jensen Thomas E. , Richter Erik A. , Kleinert Maximilian
Published: December 2021

The mTORC2 readout p-NDRG Thr346 is a novel exercise-responsive protein in human skeletal muscle. β2-AR and GS signaling are not sufficient to induce mTORC2 signaling in adult muscle. In vivo, but not ex vivo, contraction induced p-NDRG Thr346, which indicates requirement of a systemic factor for exercise-induced mTORC2 activation.
Physical and physiological effects of dobutamine stress echocardiography in low-gradient aortic stenosis
Authors: Sato Kimi , Wang Tom Kai Ming , Desai Milind Y. , Kapadia Samir R. , Krishnaswamy Amar , Rodriguez L. Leonardo , Grimm Richard A. , Griffin Brian P. , Popović Zoran B.
Published: December 2021

We show that even in most severe aortic stenosis, there is some residual valve pliability. This suggests that a complete loss of pliability is not compatible with survival.
Study on Combined Energy Absorption Support for Rockburst Disaster Control in Tunnelling
Authors: Kuang Liang , Wang Gang , Qiu Wenge , Gong Lun , Feng Zhiqiang , Ma Tianhui
Published: December 2021

In order to better realize the rockburst disaster control mechanism and approach, the rockburst response of concrete blocks with different energy absorption levels under different energy storage conditions was observed and analyzed by loading tests. The occurrence and control mechanism of rockburst were explored from the perspective of energy aggregation and energy dissipation. On this basis, a combined energy absorption support system of concrete‐filled steel tube frames and hollow steel pipes for rockburst disaster control was designed, and the effectiveness of the system was verified by numerical simulation and field tests. The results of loading tests show that the failure mode of the specimens changes from static failure to dynamic burst under energy storage loading. The occurrence of rockburst is inevitable when the energy supply is sufficient, but the disaster can be reduced or eliminated by strengthening constraints and improving energy‐absorbing capacity to transform rockburst into large deformation. The combined structure consists of the hollow steel pipes being energy‐absorbing part and the concrete‐filled steel tube frames being strong confinement part was proposed to control rockburst disaster in tunnel support. The numerical analysis on the dynamic response of the support under strong rockburst impact shows that the hollow steel pipes effectively reduced the impact force on the concrete‐filled tube frames, and accordingly, the deformation of the entire support system decreased. Given the condition that the hollow steel pipes be able to absorb all the impact energy during deformation, the smaller the strength of the hollow steel pipe is, the smaller the impact force and the displacement is. The combined energy absorption support provides an effective solution for rockburst disaster management in tunnels with strict clearance requirements.
Internet Addiction Effect on Quality of Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Noroozi Farzaneh , Hassanipour Soheil , Eftekharian Fatemeh , Eisapareh Kumars , Kaveh Mohammad Hossein
Published: December 2021

Purpose. Due to the use of different methodologies, tools, and measurements, the positive or negative impact of Internet use on human life quality is accompanied by a series of ambiguities and uncertainties. Therefore, in this study, a systematic review and meta-analysis are conducted regarding the effect of Internet addiction on the quality of life. Methods. A systematic search of resources was conducted to investigate the effect of Internet addiction on the quality of life. The databases of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Science Direct were searched from January 1980 to July 2020. The articles were screened by two researchers in multiple levels in terms of the title, abstract, and full-text; then, final studies that met the inclusion criteria were retrieved and included in the study. Results. After searching the previously mentioned international databases, 3863 papers were found, 18 of which we included in the final analysis. Surveys indicated that people who had a high Internet addiction received lower scores of quality of life than those who were normal Internet users (OR = 2.45, 95% CI; 2.31–2.61,

p
<
0.001

; I2 = 85.23%,

p
<
0.001

). Furthermore, There was a negative significant relationship between Internet addiction and quality of life in the psychological (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.32–0.99,

p
=
0.04

, I2 = 97.47%,

p
<
0.001

), physical (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.39–0.86,

p
=
0.007

, I2 = 95.29%,

p
=
0.001

), and overall quality of life score (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.27–0.55,

p
<
0.001

, I2 = 0.0%,

p
=
0.746

). Conclusion. These findings illustrate that Internet addiction should be regarded as a major health concern and incorporated into health education and intervention initiatives.
Synergy and Correlation Optimization Analysis of Innovation System and Institutional Governance System from the Perspective of Cluster Ecosystem
Authors: Sun Jian , Zou Hua , He Deyu
Published: December 2021

Innovation and institutional governance are the key enabling factors of cluster ecosystem development. Its synergistic effects play an important role in enhancing ecosystem competitiveness. In this paper, pseudocode language is applied to cluster ecosystem cooperative model reasoning. The coordination and optimization of the innovation system and institutional governance system were studied in a biomedical cluster. Besides, Pearson algorithm was used to test the correlation degree of elements in three Chinese biomedical clusters. The results show that, in Zhangjiang and Nanchang biomedical clusters, the synergistic correlation coefficient between the innovation system and the institutional governance system fluctuates around 0.8. However, in Tonghua biomedical cluster, the synergy correlation coefficient fluctuated around -0.2. The fluctuation range between the two clusters was large. After adjusting the range of order parameters, the rank of synergy trend was Zhangjiang > Nanchang > Tonghua. Finally, further analysis shows that Zhangjiang and Nanchang biomedical clusters can achieve the optimal synergy state by adjusting innovation and institutional governance, but Tonghua cannot. Therefore, the collaboration between the innovation system and institutional governance system provides some reference for the high-quality development of the cluster ecosystem.