bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Colossal Core/Shell CdSe/CdS Quantum Dot Emitters
Authors: Nguyen Hao , Hammel Benjamin , Sharp David , Kline Jessica , Schwartz Griffin , Harvey Samantha , Nishiwaki Emily , Sandeno Soren , Ginger David , Majumdar Arka , Yazdi Sadegh , Dukovic Gordana , Cossairt Brandi
Published: May 2024

Single-photon sources are essential for advancing quantum technologies, with scalable integration being a crucial requirement. To date, deterministic positioning of single-photon sources in large-scale photonic structures remains a challenge. In this context, colloidal quantum dots (QDs), particularly core/shell configurations, are attractive due to their solution processability. However, traditional QDs are typically small, about 3 to 6 nm, which restricts their deterministic placement and utility in large-scale photonic devices. The largest existing core/shell QDs are the family of giant CdSe/CdS QDs, with total diameters ranging from about 20 to 50 nm. Pushing beyond this size limit, we introduce a synthesis strategy for colossal CdSe/CdS QDs, with sizes ranging from 30 to 100 nm, using a stepwise high-temperature continuous injection method. Electron microscopy reveals a consistent hexagonal diamond morphology composed of twelve semipolar {101 ̅1} facets and one polar (0001) facet. We also identify conditions where shell growth is disrupted, leading to defects, islands, and mechanical instability, which suggest synthetic requirements for growing crystalline particles beyond 100 nm. The stepwise growth of thick CdS shells on CdSe cores enables the synthesis of emissive QDs with long photoluminescence lifetimes of a few microseconds and suppressed blinking at room temperature. Notably, QDs with 100 CdS monolayers exhibit high single-photon emission purity with second-order photon correlation g(2)(0) values below 0.2. Our findings indicate that colossal core/shell QDs can efficiently emit single photons, which paves the way for quantum photonic applications that require deterministic placement of single-photon sources.
Zinc and manganese redox potentials in organic solvents and their influence on nickel-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling
Authors: Su Zhi-Ming , Deng Ruohan , Stahl Shannon
Published: May 2024

Zinc and manganese are widely used as reductants in synthetic methods, such as nickel-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling (XEC) reactions, but their redox potentials are unknown in organic solvents. Here, we show how open-circuit potential measurements may be used to determine the thermodynamic potentials of Zn and Mn in different organic solvents and in the presence of common reaction additives. The impact of these Zn and Mn potentials is analyzed for a pair of Ni-catalyzed reactions, each showing a preference for one of the two reductants. Ni-catalyzed coupling of N-alkyl-2,4,6-triphenylpyridinium reagents (Katritzky salts) with aryl halides are then compared under chemical reaction conditions, using Zn or Mn reductants, and under electrochemical conditions, performed at applied potentials corresponding to the Zn and Mn reduction potentials and at potentials optimized to achieve the maximum yield. The collective results illuminate the important role of reductant redox potential in Ni-catalyzed XEC reactions.
A visit of an anxious patient: A review
Authors: Akarachkova Elena S. , Kadyrova Lidiia R. , Klimov Leonid V. , Kondrashov Artem A. , Kotova Olga V. , Lebedeva Dzhinna I.
Published: May 2024

In the article, the authors answered the following questions: How often do anxious patients occur in clinical practice? Why do most patients with anxiety see primary care physicians rather than a psychiatrist? What complaints and manifestations help to suspect anxiety in the patient? How can a non-psychiatrist identify and diagnose anxiety? How to manage a patient with diagnosed anxiety? Short-term and long-term outcomes/prognosis.
Cubital tunnel syndrome due to an elbow injury. Case report
Authors: Edilgireeva Leila A. , Bashlachev Mikhail G. , Malsagova Inna Ya. , Akif Hayder N.
Published: May 2024

Cubital tunnel syndrome is a symptomatic dysfunction of the ulnar nerve, resulting from compression of the nerve within the walls of the tunnel. This condition causes irreversible sensory disturbances, muscle weakness in the hand, trophic disorders, and the formation of secondary contractures. There is temporary loss of ability to work. Therefore, the issues of surgical interventions before the appearance of symptoms are important. The article presents an observation of a 35-year-old male with compression ischemic neuropathy of the ulnar nerve at the cubital tunnel level. Microsurgical decompression of the left ulnar nerve at the cubital tunnel level and neurotization of the motor portion led to a complete regression of pain, motor disorders, sensory disturbances and a significant improvement in functional condition. The issues of diagnosis, conservative and surgical treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome are discussed.
The Effect of Ethical Climate and Organizational Control Mechanisms on Work Engagement: A Research in the Civil Aviation Sector
Authors: Durmazpınar Emre , Yıldırım Fatih
Published: May 2024

It is observed that the aviation sector plays an important role in the increase of international trade to Türkiye. In addition, the aviation industry offers important benefits in terms of sustainable development, social, political, environmental, and economic factors. In particular, as a service sector, the success of the aviation industry is mainly due to human resource efforts. Employees who are committed to their work and even engaged going beyond are therefore considered to make an important contribution to their organizations. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine how ethical climate and organizational control mechanisms affect work engagement. In this direction, data were collected from 387 employees working in an airline company, which is the most valuable brand of Turkey, through a questionnaire. The results of the regression analyses conducted show that the ethical climate dimensions, especially the benevolence and principledness climate dimensions, have a significant and positive impact on work engagement, while the egoistic climate has a significant and negative impact. On the other hand, organizational control dimensions, especially input control and behavioral control, were found to have a significant and positive impact on work engagement. Output control, on the other hand, did not have a significant impact on work engagement. Thus, the importance of the climate of benevolence or principledness to be created in organizations operating in the aviation sector has emerged.
Syrian Migrants' Experiences of “Irregular” Migration to Austria Interlaced by Virtual Networks: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Schwarzenberger Nadide , Özen Yelda
Published: May 2024

The beginning of the war in Syria in 2011 led to a massive immigration wave from Syria to Europe; however, this move made European immigration policies more rigid in securing borders. The growing crisis has compelled Syrians to explore various ways to move. On September 14–15, 2015, thousands of people organized through Facebook gathered in Edirne and demanded to be allowed to enter Europe by crossing the Balkans on foot. This incident underlined the significant impact of social media on the process of irregular immigration. This study aims to understand the role of virtual networks in the migration experiences of Syrians before, during, and after migration. In this context, face-to-face, in-depth interviews were conducted with 26 Syrian migrants who arrived at or were captured in and currently reside in Linz, Austria. Syrian migrants meticulously planned nearly every step through virtual networks and smartphone tools, creating a holographic impression in their minds before embarking. These networks significantly enhanced the familiarity and safety of the irregular migration route and allowed them to proceed with “the migration network ladders” one by one. The Syrian migration experience highlights the pivotal role of virtual networks in motivating, guiding, and connecting individuals throughout the process.
Referências em estudo
Authors: Vander Velden Felipe
Published: May 2024

As florestas de Rondônia abrigam um conjunto significativo de referências a povos indígenas isolados. Como a região abriga considerável diversidade linguística e cultural, a definição do pertencimento etnolinguístico desses povos-referências é bastante problemática. Para além desta indefinição em nível etnolinguístico, várias das referências aos isolados – sobretudo aquelas “em estudo” ou “não confirmadas”, ou chamadas simplesmente de “informação” – têm se prestado também à discussões em níveis que chamaremos de interétnico e específico, que discutem tanto a indianidade como a própria humanidade desses coletivos. Tratam-se de casos em que o caráter fantasmagórico desses povos parece ainda mais pronunciado, e de discussões não apenas sobre se vestígios são produtos de indígenas, mas mesmo se são resultantes de ações humanas. Entretanto, as denominadas “referências não confirmadas” têm sido pouco estudadas em suas múltiplas dimensões. Este artigo advoga por uma maior atenção a tais cenários como forma de expandir nossa reflexão sobre a natureza do que pode constituir um coletivo indígena e humano.
De unidade polícroma à fragmentação Tupi
Authors: Pessoa Cliverson , Kater Thiago , Almeida Fernando Ozorio de
Published: May 2024

Este artigo busca oferecer uma reflexão sobre a ideia de isolamento de um ponto de vista arqueológico. A ideia de isolamento na arqueologia é complexa. De certa forma, ela se opõe a uma disciplina que se acostumou a agrupar conjuntos culturais. Mais especificamente, refletimos sobre diferentes tipos de isolamentos e como eles podem oferecer ferramentas para a interpretação da história profunda do sudoeste da Amazônia, um contexto com uma forte ligação com populações falantes de línguas Tupi, como também com diferentes povos. Nosso foco será a calha do rio Madeira, em especial as áreas das cachoeiras de jusante desse rio, e o rio Jamari, um de seus tributários. A linguística histórica aponta a bacia do alto Madeira como centro geográfico de origem do tronco Tupi, que ali começaria a ramificar por volta de 5000 anos atrás. Encontramos na mesma região possíveis relações entre famílias linguísticas Tupi e as cerâmicas da tradição Jamari e da tradição Polícroma da Amazônia. Esta última está de alguma forma relacionada com uma série de processos de dispersões Tupi-Guarani pela Amazônia Central e Ocidental durante o milênio que antecedeu a invasão européia na região. Esses movimentos envolviam múltiplas estratégias, frequentemente resultando na assimilação e deslocamento de populações culturalmente distintas, e incluíram o desmantelamento de um sistema multicultural que operava no alto rio Madeira no final do primeiro milênio da era cristã. No início do período colonial, as populações indígenas locais adotaram diferentes estratégias de resistência frente aos invasores e às doenças trazidas por eles, incluindo a fragmentação e, por vezes, foram assimilados por coletivos indígenas emergentes.
Objeto e Correlato Intencional: De Brentano a Marty
Authors: Antonelli Mauro , Boccaccini Federico
Published: May 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é retificar alguns mal-entendidos sobre a tese da intencionalidade de Franz Brentano, defendendo uma interpretação diferente da interpretação atual acerca da natureza do objeto intencional e do correlato intencional e propondo uma análise da origem desta confusão conceptual: o problema major está na interpretação que seu aluno Anton Marty faz do objeto imanente, abrindo caminho para uma leitura imanentista da teoria da intencionalidade de Brentano.
O caminho até o curso de Letras: perezhivanie, narrativas e meio social
Authors: Lima Fernando Silvério de , Mapa Tátima Venâncio de Paula
Published: May 2024

Este artigo objetiva analisar as narrativas de uma estudante de Letras a respeito dos eventos anteriores que culminaram em sua escola pelo curso. O estudo consistiu em narrativas orais por meio de entrevistas com uma estudante de uma universidade federal do Sudeste brasileiro. Os relatos foram analisados qualitativamente tendo como orientação o conceito de perezhivanie definido por Vygotsky (2019). Os resultados indicam que a escolha por fazer Letras se organiza a partir de experiências anteriores que caracterizam uma identificação com o curso, principalmente no campo literário e da linguagem. Dessa forma, a perezhivanie de escolher Letras considera a relação do sujeito com o meio social, a interação com outros e, principalmente, o sentido que a estudante construiu de tudo que viveu e em relação ao que vive atualmente. O estudo busca contribuir aos debates em Linguística Aplicada sobre formação de professores e mais especificamente à perspectiva histórico-cultural.
Apresentação de dossiê: Translinguagem e educação linguística crítica em contexto (pós)pandêmico
Authors: Silva Kleber Aparecido da , Santclair Dllubia , Nunes Rosana Helena , Makalela Leketi
Published: May 2024

No contexto da pandemia da Covid-19, escancara-se a diversidade cultural e a desigualdade social presentes no Brasil, sobretudo, nas práticas educativas, em especial na educação linguística, que é o foco deste Dossiê. Desse modo, evidencia-se o valor do reconhecimento da multiculturalidade. Trata-se de uma construção histórica, fruto de um processo de luta e embate social, não sendo, portanto, um fenômeno natural, espontâneo, uma vez que representa a convivência democrática de diversas culturas num mesmo espaço social (FREIRE, 2014). Portanto, é importante ampliarmos as reflexões sobre a Translinguagem, no sentido de compreendê-la como uma ação de resistência às ideologias reprodutoras de discriminação e uma forma de construção de atitudes democráticas possibilitadoras de convivências sociais humanizadas entre as diversas culturas e repertórios (CANAGARAJAH, 2013; GARCÍA, 2009; GARCÍA; WEI, 2014; MAKALELA, 2016; ROCHA; MACIEL, 2015).
Surdocegueira e pontos de ancoragem no ensino remoto: translinguagem como caminho possível
Authors: Rocha Bárbara Pereira de Alencar da , Tavares-Santos Valdiceia , Silva José Vicente Rodrigues da , Silva Kleber Aparecido da
Published: May 2024

Este artigo discute uma experiência didática no ensino remoto no período pandêmico (março 2020-maio 2023). Os desafios enfrentados pela professora guia-intérprete no ensino, na adequação das estratégias e material e a relação estabelecida com os estudantes antes da pandemia, são abordados ao longo da discussão. Para tanto, será feito o relato da experiência de uma professora-guia e de dois estudantes surdocegos em uma escola de Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) do Distrito Federal (DF). Essa experiência nos remeteu aos conceitos de translinguagem e práticas translíngues, pois observamos como essas práticas ocorriam no contexto apresentado, mesmo sem intenção da professora de adotar essa prática. Examinamos o percurso da aula virtual e a transição do professor, dos alunos e familiares entre o braille, a Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras), datilologia, português oral, escrito, uso de imagens, gifs e emoticons, presentes durante a ação pedagógica. Como resultado, compreendemos que o fazer pedagógico, durante a pandemia, exigiu novas ações que movimentaram o funcionamento do currículo e da didática. Concluímos, ainda, que na educação de estudantes surdocegos é desejável a construção de parceria com a família. Ademais, compreendemos o uso de práticas translíngues, como arranjo linguístico na educação do surdocego, através da exploração dos repertórios linguísticos dos estudantes.
Educação linguística em contexto pandêmico: gêneros textuais multiletrados ressignificando as práticas pedagógicas em classe de alfabetização
Authors: Viana Emely Crystina da Silva , Martins Catia Regina Braga , Cobucci Paula
Published: May 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as contribuições da organização do trabalho pedagógico a partir de uma Sequência Didática (SD) para o ensino de Língua Portuguesa, realizado de forma síncrona via plataforma Google Meet durante a pandemia de Covid-19. Apresenta-se uma abordagem teórico-metodológica decolonial com base em uma SD para o ensino de Língua Portuguesa de uma turma de 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental – escola pública no Distrito Federal –, fundamentada na metodologia de pesquisa participante (GIL, 2017; MARCONI; LAKATOS, 2017) no período pandêmico, nas aulas síncronas realizadas via plataforma Google Meet, com recorte temporal do ano de 2021. O trabalho teve como referência o modelo didático de SD (DOLZ; NOVERRAZ; SCHNEULLY, 2004) e o destaque à forma de atuação da professora-alfabetizadora durante a condução das aulas, mais especificamente em relação à sua mediação pedagógica (BORTONI-RICARDO et.al., 2012) em eventos de ensino da leitura e da escrita. A proposta da SD surgiu das necessidades reais dos alunos frente às peculiaridades do ensino remoto (FREIRE, 2005), considerando os gêneros regras de convivência, cartaz e podcast; e pautou-se também na teoria dos multiletramentos (ROJO; MOURA, 2012; KALANTZIS; COPE; PINHEIRO, 2020; RIBEIRO, 2021). Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que a organização do trabalho pedagógico de uma SD para o ensino de Língua Portuguesa, por meio de gêneros textuais elaborados a partir de temas ou situações reais de produção e necessidades autênticas de produção textual, com receptores/interlocutores/interlocutores verdadeiramente interessados naquele texto, com propósitos legítimos, pode impactar positivamente o processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos educandos.
Generation Control of Multi-Area Multi-Source Power System using Fire-Fly Algorithm
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of EEE, Sri Bharathi Engineering College for Women, Kaikkurichi, Pudukkottai, INDIA, Ayyappan Dr.B.Prakash , T Parthiban ,   Assistant Professor, Department of EEE, Sri Bharathi Engineering College for Women, Kaikkurichi, Pudukkottai, INDIA, M Barkavi ,   Assistant Professor, Department of EEE, Sri Bharathi Engineering College for Women, Kaikkurichi, Pudukkottai, INDIA
Published: May 2024

This article presents automatic generation control (AGC) of an interconnected three area power system having different production sources such as hydropower, thermal and gas power plants. The control areas are provided with single reheat turbine and generation rate constraints of 3%/min. An attempt has been made to apply a Proportional derivative–Proportional integral derivative (PD–PID) cascade controller in AGC. Controller gains are optimized simultaneously using more robust and powerful evolutionary computational technique Firefly Algorithm (FFA). Performance of classical controllers such as Proportional Integral (PI) and Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller are investigated and compared with PD–PID cascade controller. Investigations reveal that PI, and PID provide more or less same response where as PD–PID cascade controller provides much better response than the later. The system dynamic performances are studied with 1% and 2% step load perturbation in Area1. Sensitivity analysis reveals that the FFA optimized PD–PID Cascade controller parameters obtained at nominal condition of loading, size and position of disturbance and system parameter (Inertia constant, H) are robust and need not be reset with wide changes in system loading, size, position of disturbance and system parameters.
SAMARIUM HYDROGEN IODATE, Sm(IO3)3·HIO3: SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION
Authors: Grigorieva O.P. , Shatalova T.B. , Berdonosov P.S. , Charkin D.O. , Gippius A.A. , Tkachev A.V. , Kravchenko E.A. , Dolgikh V.A. , Lyssenko K.A.
Published: May 2024

Samarium hydrogen iodate Sm(IO3)3HIO3 was successfully synthesized by the unconven-tional low-temperature solution-melt method, its structure was determined by X-ray dif-fraction analysis of single crystals. This compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with lattice parameters: a = 10.4637(6) Å, b = 7.4629(5) Å, c = 14.0174(13) Å, β = 110.53(0), Z = 6. In the studied structure, samarium atoms are surrounded by 8 ox-ygen atoms in a polyhedron in the form of a distorted square antiprism. The iodate groups are linked through common oxygen atoms of the SmO8 antiprism into a three-dimensional framework. The compound was characterized by X-ray diffraction, IR and NQR spectros-copy and EDX analysis.
Relevansi P5-PPRA dengan Pendidikan Perspektif Syekh Nawawi Al Bantani
Authors: Khayati Muflikha Ila , Maskur Musa Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Character education needs to be based on religion and associated with education, as is the opinion of one of the scholars, namely Sheikh Nawawi Al-Bantani, regarding moral education. This research aims to analyze the relevance of current character education to the thoughts of Sheikh Nawawi Al-Bantani. The method used in this research is literature study. Researchers collect literature relevant to this research such as from scientific articles, books and other sources. The data obtained was then analyzed using data reduction techniques, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research show that Sheikh Nawawi Al Bantani’s thoughts are very relevant to the current concept of Indonesian education, namely the independent curriculum, which includes the Project for Strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile (P5) and the Rahmatan lil Alamin Lesson Profile (PPRA). This relevance is related to the dimensions of P5-PPRA such as; Be civilized (ta’addub); b) Exemplary (qudwah); c) Citizenship and nationality (muwatanah); d) Taking the middle path (tawassut); e) Balanced (tawazun); f) Straight and firm (I’tidal); g) Equality (musawah); h) Deliberation (shura); i) Tolerance (tasamuh); j) Dynamic and innovative (tatawwur wa ibtikar). From these dimensions, it can be seen that P5-PPRA links Pancasila values with moral cultivation.
Adjuvant Medications for Use With Propofol-Based Total Intravenous Anaesthesia
Authors: Hughes Lauren M. , Irwin Michael G. , Nestor Claire C.
Published: May 2024

This tutorial will provide an overview of the adjuvant medications than can be used for propofol based total intravenous anaesthesia, for which a number of different opioid- and nonopioid-based drugs can also be used to provide the analgesic component of total intravenous anaesthesia.
Numeric Base Conversion with Rewriting
Authors: Hermant Olivier , Loboda Wojciech
Published: May 2024

We introduce and discuss a term-rewriting technique to convert numbers from any nu- meric base to any other one without explicitly appealing to division. The rewrite system is purely local and conversion has a quadratic complexity, matching the one of the standard base-conversion algorithm. We prove confluence and termination, and give an implemen- tation and benchmarks in the Dedukti type checker. This work extends and generalizes a previous work by Delahaye, published in a vulgarization scientific review.
Automated Theorem Provers Help Improve Large Language Model Reasoning
Authors: McGinness Lachlan , Baumgartner Peter
Published: May 2024

In this paper we demonstrate how logic programming systems and Automated first- order logic Theorem Provers (ATPs) can improve the accuracy of Large Language Models (LLMs) for logical reasoning tasks where the baseline performance is given by direct LLM solutions. We first evaluate LLM reasoning on steamroller problems using the PRON- TOQA benchmark. We show how accuracy can be improved with a neuro-symbolic ar- chitecture where the LLM acts solely as a front-end for translating a given problem into a formal logic language and an automated reasoning engine is called for solving it. How- ever, this approach critically hinges on the correctness of the LLM translation. To assess this translation correctness, we secondly define a framework of syntactic and semantic er- ror categories. We implemented the framework and used it to identify errors that LLMs make in the benchmark domain. Based on these findings, we thirdly extended our method with capabilities for automatically correcting syntactic and semantic errors. For semantic error correction we integrate first-order logic ATPs, which is our main and novel contribu- tion. We demonstrate that this approach reduces semantic errors significantly and further increases the accurracy of LLM logical reasoning.
On Proof Schemata and Primitive Recursive Arithmetic
Authors: Leitsch Alexander , Lolic Anela , Mahler Stella
Published: May 2024

Inductive proofs can be represented as a proof schemata, i.e. as a parameterized se- quence of proofs defined in a primitive recursive way. Applications of proof schemata can be found in the area of automated proof analysis where the schemata admit (schematic) cut-elimination and the construction of Herbrand systems. This work focuses on the ex- pressivity of proof schemata as defined in [10]. We show that proof schemata can simulate primitive recursive arithmetic as defined in [12]. Future research will focus on an extension of the simulation to primitive recursive arithmetic using quantification as defined in [7]. The translation of proofs in arithmetic to proof schemata can be considered as a crucial step in the analysis of inductive proofs.
Translating HOL-Light proofs to Coq
Authors: Blanqui Frédéric
Published: May 2024

We present a method and a tool, hol2dk, to fully automatically translate proofs from the proof assistant HOL-Light to the proof assistant Coq, by using Dedukti as an intermediate language. Moreover, a number of types, functions and predicates defined in HOL-Light are proved (by hand) to be equal to their counterpart in the Coq standard library. By replacing those types and functions by their Coq counterpart everywhere, we obtain a library of theorems (based on classical logic like HOL-Light) that can directly be used and applied in other Coq developments.
Automated Theorem Proving for Prolog Verification
Authors: Mesnard Fred , Marianne Thierry , Payet Etienne
Published: May 2024

LPTP (Logic Program Theorem Prover) is an interactive natural-deduction-based the- orem prover for pure Prolog programs with negation as failure, unification with the occurs check, and a restricted but extensible set of built-in predicates. With LPTP, one can formally prove termination and partial correctness of such Prolog programs. LPTP was designed in the mid 90’s by Robert F. Sta ̈rk. It is written in ISO-Prolog and comes with an Emacs user-interface.

From a theoretical point of view, in his publications about LPTP, Sta ̈rk associates a set of first-order axioms IND(P) to the considered Prolog program P. IND(P) contains the Clark’s equality theory for P, definitions of success, failure and termination for each user-defined logic procedure in P , axioms relating these three points of view, and an axiom schema for proving inductive properties. LPTP is thus a dedicated proof editor where these axioms are hard-wired.

We propose to explicit these axioms as first-order formulas (FOFs), and apply auto- mated theorem provers to check the property of interest. Using FOF as an intermediary language, we experiment the use of automated theorem provers for Prolog program veri- fication. We evaluate the approach over a benchmark of about 400 properties of Prolog programs from the library available with LPTP. Both the compiler which generates a set of FOF files from a given input Prolog program together with its properties and the benchmark are publicly available.
Fuzzy Datalog∃ over Arbitrary t-Norms
Authors: Lanzinger Matthias , Sferrazza Stefano , Wałęga Przemysław Andrzej , Gottlob Georg
Published: May 2024

One of the main challenges in the area of Neuro-Symbolic AI is to perform logical reasoning in the presence of both neural and symbolic data. This requires combining heterogeneous data sources such as knowledge graphs, neural model predictions, structured databases, crowd-sourced data, and many more. To allow for such reasoning, we generalise the standard rule-based language Datalog with existential rules (commonly referred to as tuple-generating dependencies) to the fuzzy setting, by allowing for arbitrary t-norms in the place of classical conjunctions in rule bodies. The resulting formalism allows us to perform reasoning about data associated with degrees of uncertainty while preserving computational complexity results and the applicability of reasoning techniques established for the standard Datalog setting. In particular, we provide fuzzy extensions of Datalog chases which produce fuzzy universal models and we exploit them to show that in important fragments of the language, reasoning has the same complexity as in the classical setting.
Automatic Detection of Vulnerable Variables for CTL Properties of Programs
Authors: Moussaoui Remil Naïm , Urban Caterina , Miné Antoine
Published: May 2024

We present our tool FuncTion-V for the automatic identification of the minimal sets of program variables that an attacker can control to ensure an undesirable program property. FuncTion-V supports program properties expressed in Computation Tree Logic (CTL), and builds upon an abstract interpretation-based static analysis for CTL properties that we extend with an abstraction refinement process. We showcase our tool on benchmarks collected from the literature and SV-COMP 2023.
Waste Reduction: Experiments in Sharing Clauses between Runs of a Portfolio of Strategies (Experimental Paper)
Authors: Tammet Tanel
Published: May 2024

Most high-end automated theorem provers for first order logic (FOL) split available time between short runs of a large portfolio of search strategies. These runs are typically independent and can be parallelized to exploit all the available processor cores. We explore several avenues of re-using clauses generated by earlier runs and present experimental results of their usefulness or lack thereof.
First Experiments with Neural cvc5
Authors: Piepenbrock Jelle , Janota Mikolas , Urban Josef , Jakubův Jan
Published: May 2024

The cvc5 solver is today one of the strongest systems for solving first order problems with theories but also without them. In this work we equip its enumeration-based instan- tiation with a neural network that guides the choice of the quantified formulas and their instances. For that we develop a relatively fast graph neural network that repeatedly scores all available instantiation options with respect to the available formulas. The network runs directly on a CPU without the need for any special hardware. We train the neural guidance on a large set of proofs generated by the e-matching instantiation strategy and evaluate its performance on a set of previously unseen problems.
Scaling CheckMate for Game-Theoretic Security
Authors: Rain Sophie , Brugger Lea Salome , Petković Komel Anja , Kovács Laura , Rawson Michael
Published: May 2024

We present the CheckMate tool for automated verification of game-theoretic secu- rity properties, with application to blockchain protocols. CheckMate applies automated reasoning techniques to determine whether a game-theoretic protocol model is game- theoretically secure, that is, Byzantine fault tolerant and incentive compatible. We describe CheckMate’s input format and its various components, modes, and output. CheckMate is evaluated on 15 benchmarks, including models of decentralized protocols, board games, and game-theoretic examples.
Automated Synthesis of Decision Lists for Polynomial Specifications over Integers
Authors: Akshay S. , Chakraborty Supratik , Kafshdar Goharshady Amir , Govind R , Motwani Harshit Jitendra , Varanasi Sai Teja
Published: May 2024

In this work, we consider two sets I and O of bounded integer variables, modeling the inputs and outputs of a program. Given a specification Post, which is a Boolean combination of linear or polynomial inequalities with real coefficients over I ∪ O, our goal is to synthesize the weakest possible pre-condition Pre and a program P satisfying the Hoare triple {Pre}P{Post}. We provide a novel, practical, sound and complete algorithm, inspired by Farkas’ Lemma and Handelman’s Theorem, that synthesizes both the program P and the pre-condition Pre over a bounded integral region. Our approach is exact and guaranteed to find the weakest pre-condition. Moreover, it always synthesizes both P and Pre as linear decision lists. Thus, our output consists of simple programs and pre- conditions that facilitate further static analysis. We also provide experimental results over benchmarks showcasing the real-world applicability of our approach and considerable performance gains over the state-of-the-art.1
Sometimes Hoarding is Harder than Cleaning: NP-hardness of Maximum Blocked-Clause Addition
Authors: Subercaseaux Bernardo
Published: May 2024

Adding blocked clauses to a CNF formula can substantially speed up SAT-solving, both in theory and practice. In theory, the addition of blocked clauses can exponentially reduce the length of the shortest refutation for a formula [17, 19]. In practice, it has been recently shown that the runtime of CDCL solvers decreases significantly for certain instance families when blocked clauses are added as a preprocessing step [10,22]. This fact is in contrast to, but not in contradiction with, prior results showing that Blocked- Clause Elimination (BCE) is sometimes an effective preprocessing step [14,15]. We suggest that the practical role of blocked clauses in SAT-solving might be richer than expected. Concretely, we propose a theoretical study of the complexity of Blocked-Clause Addition (BCA) as a preprocessing step for SAT-solving, and in particular, consider the problem of adding the maximum number of blocked clauses of a given arity k to an input formula F. While BCE is a confluent process, meaning that the order in which blocked clauses are eliminated is irrelevant, this is not the case for BCA: adding a blocked clause to a formula might unblock a different clause that was previously blocked. This order-sensitivity turns out to be a crucial obstacle for carrying out BCA efficiently as a preprocessing step. Our main result is that computing the maximum number of k-ary blocked clauses that can be added to an input formula F is NP-hard for every k ≥ 2.
Certifying Incremental SAT Solving
Authors: Fazekas Katalin , Pollitt Florian , Fleury Mathias , Biere Armin
Published: May 2024

Certifying results by checking proofs and models is an essential feature of modern SAT solving. While incremental solving with assumptions and core extraction is crucial for many applications, support for incremental proof certificates remains lacking. We propose a proof format and corresponding checkers for incremental SAT solving. We further extend it to leverage resolution hints. Experiments on incremental SAT solving for Bounded Model Checking and Satisfiability Modulo Theories demonstrate the feasibility of our approach, further confirming that resolution hints substantially reduce checking time.
Prover9 Unleashed: Automated Configuration for Enhanced Proof Discovery
Authors: Aleksandrova Kristina , Jakubuv Jan , Kaliszyk Cezary
Published: May 2024

While many of the state-of-art Automated Theorem Provers (ATP) like E and Vampire, were subject to extensive tuning of strategy schedules in the last decade, the classical ATP prover Prover9 has never been optimized in this direction. Both E and Vampire provide the user with an automatic mode to select good proof search strategies based on the properties of the input problem, while Prover9 provides by default only a relatively weak auto mode. Interestingly, Prover9 provides more varied means for proof control than its competitors. These means, however, must be manually investigated and that is possible only by experienced Prover9 users with a good understanding of how Prover9 works.

In this paper, we investigate the possibilities of automatic configuration of Prover9 for user-specified benchmark problems. We employ the automated strategy invention system Grackle to generate Prover9 strategies with both basic and advanced proof search options which require sophisticated strategy space features for Grackle. We test the strategy invention on AIM train/test problem collection and we show that Prover9 can outperform both E and Vampire on these problems. To test the generality of our approach we train and evaluate strategies also on TPTP problems, showing that Prover9 can achieve reasonable complementarity with other ATPs.
SIMULATION OF THE ELECTRONIC ABSORPTION SPECTRA OF PHENOLS AND PRODUCTS OF THEIR ENZYMATIVE OXIDATION
Authors: Lapteva E. , Kravchenko E. , Odaryuk I. , Doroshkevich V. , Baranova O.
Published: May 2024

The possibility of obtaining absorption spectra of phenols and products of their laccase oxidation by quantum-chemical modeling methods is considered. The primary optimization of the structures was carried out by the semi-empirical PM3 method, and the spectra were simulated within the framework of the density functional theory by the DFT/B3LYP/6-311G++dp method in an aqueous medium using the Gamess US program. For most of the studied phenols and their corresponding quinones, spectra containing one absorption band were obtained by calculation methods, for some - a larger number of bands, while in the experimental absorption spectra of these substances in the operating range of the spectrophotometer, as a rule, two bands are visible with different reliability. For most substances, the wavelengths of the absorption maxima of the calculated spectra differ from the experimental ones by no more than 10 nm. The calculated extinction coefficients, as a rule, exceed the experimental ones by 1,5–2 times. For phenols that cannot be directly oxidized to quinones, oligomeric products are considered as products. Their calculated spectra also correlate quite well with the experimental spectrum of the reaction mixture. The spectral characteristics obtained by modeling under these conditions can be used for a rough estimate of the composition of the reaction mixture, but additional studies are needed for their use in accurate quantitative analysis and kinetic studies.
EXCITATIONS OF PYRONIN Y AND PYRONIN B DYES IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION: COMPARATIVE THEORETICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Leontieva S.
Published: May 2024

To elucidate the effect of side groups on the excitation of xanthene dyes, pyronin Y (PY) and pyronin B (PB) were studied by DFT/TD-DFT. The calculation results were compared with each other, as well as with the data for the acridine red dye previously studied. The O3LYP/6-31++G(d,p)/IEFPCM theory level reproduced well the experimental spectra of PY and PB aqueous solutions. According to calculations, the short-wavelength shoulders of these spectra are caused by vibronic transitions. The side groups significantly affect the set of vibronic transitions. The photoexcitation significantly changes the intensities of IR vibrations. The side groups of these xanthene dyes (aminodimethyl/aminodiethyl) strongly influence the vibrations of their chromophores. HOMOs cover the side groups of both dyes to a greater extent compared to LUMOs. The configurations of both frontier orbitals around the chromophores are identical for PY and PB. The dipole moment of the dye molecules in the excited state turned out to be greater than in the ground state. In the ground state, the dipole moment of the PB is 2.5 times greater than that of the PY, and in the excited states, it is 1.7 times less. The transition moments of PY and PB are almost identical to each other. Considering site-specific solute-solvent interactions in the form of an explicit assignment of water molecules that form strong hydrogen bonds with the dye cations was performed.
Improving the Pedagogical Competence of Senior Santri in Caring for Junior Santri to Prevent Violence and Bullying in Pesantren at Mojokerto
Authors: Yaqin Ainul , Syarif M. , Rozi Syaikhu
Published: May 2024

Acts of violence and bullying often occur in educational institutions, including Islamic boarding schools. This community service program is intended to improve the pedagogical competence of senior students in caring for junior students in Islamic boarding schools so that it can be expected to prevent violence and bullying. Prevention of acts of violence and bullying is sought by encouraging the strengthening of the use of cognitivism and humanism approaches, and minimizing the behaviorism approach. However, the use of these three approaches can be done proportionally and contextually. The program to increase the pedagogical competence of senior students should be carried out regularly or every year because the change of Islamic boarding school administrators which also takes place every year, automatically also changes the administrators. This program can also become a permanent RMI NU program which is more feasible in implementing the program than being carried out individually by Islamic boarding schools, while also having the advantage of being able to share the good practices of each Islamic boarding school.
Social Innovation and Nonprofit Resource Provision: A Discourse Analysis
Authors: Turpin Aaron , Shier Micheal
Published: May 2024

This research adopts a resource dependency approach to support the process of social innovation application within the context of nonprofit resource procurement using a comparative sample of re- source-providing organizations (n = 8) and nonprofit resource recipients (n = 10). An organizational discourse analysis was adopted to explore concepts of power and legitimacy across groups revealing several ways that social innovation is employed and challenged by both resource recipients and providers. Further, a text coverage analysis revealed several discrepancies with the use of terminology between sub-samples. Together, these novel analytical approaches provide a narrative regarding the ways in which social innovation is co-conceptualized within nonprofit resource provision, including examining the role of language and power between stakeholder groups.
SOLUÇÕES BASEADAS NA NATUREZA (SBN) EM UMA CIDADE INTELIGENTE NO SUL DO BRASIL
Authors: Breitenbauch de Moura Graziela , Hrysyki Tatiane Silva , Branco Joaquim Olinto
Published: May 2024

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar soluções baseadas na natureza (SBN) na gestão de processos de (re)naturalização dos recursos em uma cidade inteligente. Para isso, descreve o planejamento, a execução, o manejo, a manutenção e o acompanhamento de uma gestão que desenvolve ações com o uso de SBN em uma cidade inteligente. O artigo apresenta a metodologia de abordagem qualitativa fundamentada no paradigma interpretativo utilizando o estudo de caso único com propósito descritivo-exploratório da pesquisa. O caso está vinculado às ações e movimentos implantados pelo Instituto Itajaí Sustentável - INIS do município de Itajaí, localizado no Estado de Santa Catarina (SC), Brasil. Percebe-se que o incremento de políticas públicas voltadas ao ambiente e ecossistemas traz resultados para que a gestão possa além da fiscalização, ser participativa e socializadora mediando movimentos e ações sustentáveis junto à sociedade civil e ao setor privado. A cidade inteligente, com o auxílio do INIS, possui projetos voltados ao desenvolvimento de SBN que podem ser adaptados e replicados em regiões, cidades e países.
Increasing the Biomethane Yield of Hazelnut By-Products by Low Temperature Thermal Pretreatment
Authors: Şenol Halil , Oyan Muhammet , Görgün Emre
Published: May 2024

Biomethane energy, which has the status of renewable energies, has the potential to be produced from all kinds of organic wastes, as well as from lignocellulosic materials, which are the most common in nature. In this study, hazelnut shells (HS), one of the hazelnut by-products, were used for biomethane production. In order to obtain higher yields from HS, thermal pre-treatments were applied at temperatures of 60°C, 80°C and 100°C. Pretreatment effects were controlled by lignocellulosic substance amount determinations. As a result of thermal pretreatment at 100°C for 2 h, cellulose and lignin removals occurred approximately 15% and 30%, respectively. While the cumulative biomethane yield of raw HS was 32.3 mL•g total solids (TS)‒1, the cumulative biomethane yields of 100°C pretreated HS were measured as 132.3 mL•gTS‒1. As a result of different pretreatment temperatures, different cumulative biomethane yield curves were successfully simulated with the Modified Gompertz equation and R2 values were found to be between 0.9962 - 0.9985.
Examination of the Effects of Level Density Models in Cross-Section Calculations of Some (p,x) Reactions on Natural Palladium
Authors: Kaplan Abdullah , Çiftlikli Özlem
Published: May 2024

In this study, reaction cross-section calculations of some proton-induced reactions on natPd have been investigated under the effects of level density models. All calculations involving level density models have been done employing the TALYS code’s 1.95 version. TALYS is an open-source software. It gives foresight to the researchers about many parameters of a desired nuclear reaction, one of which is known as cross-section, when it is not possible to perform it due to specific reasons. The TALYS 1.95 code consists of six different level density models, which have all been included in this study. All obtained cross-section results gathered from the utilization of level density models have been compared with available experimental data. The mentioned available experimental data used in this study have been obtained from the International Experimental Nuclear Reaction Data Library (EXFOR) database. A graphical representation of generated calculation results, and available experimental data have been displayed for these comparisons. These graphical representations are also used to point out the most consistent level density model with respect to the experimental data for each reaction investigated in this study. The use of level density models was found to affect the results of cross-sectional calculations.
Impacto da Educação Pública na Redução de Casos de Emergência Cardíaca
Authors: Franklin Thiago Cacau , Fiuza Ivna Christina Tabuso , Pinho Barbarah Magalhães , Gondim Samuel Sombra Franklin , Gondim Marcelo Franklin
Published: May 2024

O resumo aborda o impacto da educação pública na redução de casos de emergência cardíaca, uma questão crucial no contexto da saúde pública. Emergências cardíacas representam uma das principais causas
Atendimento Multidisciplinar a Vítimas de Trauma: Integrando Cuidados Holísticos
Authors: Franklin Thiago Cacau , Fiuza Ivna Christina Tabuso , BENTES JEAN LUCAS AVINTE , Abreu Luísa Virna Monteiro De , henrique kaylane dos santos
Published: May 2024

O atendimento a vítimas de trauma exige uma abordagem integrada e holística, considerando não apenas as lesões físicas, mas também os aspectos emocionais. Diante desse contexto, este estudo visa explo