bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cell Growth Factor and Estrogen Inducing Menstrual Blood-Derived Stem Cells (MenSC) Differentiate into Endometrial Epithelial Cells
Authors: Li Wei , Shan Tieying , Shi Jianping , Fu Zexian , Qi Shujing , Sun Yuhang , Wang Congmin , Lai Weiyang
Published: January 2022

Extracted MenSC (Menstrual blood-derived stem cells) from female menstrual blood. Added various exogenous factors in-vitro and simulated the female uterine environment to observe how to make MenSC differentiation into Endometrial epithelial cells by artificial induction. MenSCs
were divided into 4 groups: 2.5×10−5 mol/L E group, 1.613 nmol/L EGF group, 2.5×10−5 mol/L E+1.613 nmol/L EGF group, control Group (only MenSCs); the relevant indicators of the experiment includes cell staining and Western Blot to detect CK and
VIM protein content; RT-PCR to detect CK-19 mRNA and VIM mRNA. The cell staining results showed that E+EGF group had significant differentiation in 7 days and 14 days. CK-19mRNA of E+EGF group was significantly higher than other groups, and the EGF group expression was obviously higher than
that of E group, and VIMmRNA expression is opposite to that. The protein expression had the similar performance. MenSC can differentiate into endometrial epithelial cells after induced by E and EFG; and the co-culture of E and EFG can achieve better differentiation, which proves their work
together in MenSC differentiate towards endometrial epithelial cells.
ATI-2341 Trifluoroacetic Acid (TFA) Promotes Menstrual Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Recruitment and Enhances Uterine Repair Through Gi Pathway in Asherman’s Syndrome
Authors: Lv Ying , Ye Liyan , Zheng Xiujuan
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to explore the role of ATI-2341 in Asherman’s syndrome and its impact on menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MenSCs). Following establishment of endometrial injury model, MenSCs were extracted from rats and cultured. They were treated with ATI-2341
TFA at different concentrations (10 ng/mL, 50 ng/mL, 100 ng/mL) and MenSCs treated without ATI-2341 TFA were taken as controls. Flow cytometry was conducted to detect the cell cycle. MTT was carried out to evaluate proliferation of endometrial cells. The expression levels of MMP-9, TIMP-1,
CK, and VIM were determined with staining used to reflect morphology of endometrium. Administration with ATI-2341 TFA resulted in decreased expression of MMP-9 and increased expression of TIMP-1 in a dose-dependent manner. Of note, the increase of ATI-2341 TFA concentration was accompanied
with elevated cell proliferation rate, increased number of glands in the endometrium, and decreased fibrosis area. As treated with 100 ng/mL ATI-2341 TFA, the cells exhibited more glands than that under other concentrations with uniformly arranged glands and lowest expression levels of CK
and VIM, control group had plenty of blue-stained collagen fibers in the intima and least amount of glands. ATI-2341 TFA 100 ng/mL induced endometrial epithelial recruitment effect on MenSCs and promoted endometrial repair more significantly than Gi-3 pathway agonists. Collectively, ATI-2341
TFA enhances MenSC recruitment and facilitates endometrial epithelial cells proliferation and the repair of uterine damage in Asherman’s syndrome through Gi pathway. These findings provide a\ novel insight into the MenSC-based treatment against Asherman’s syndrome and deserve further
investigation.
Exosomal miRNA-455 from Bone Marrow Stromal Cells (BMSCs) Promotes Macrophage Phagocytosis and Restrains Progression of Gastric Cancer (GC)
Authors: Zhao Boxian , Zhu Weiguo
Published: January 2022

Multiple miRNAs are differentially expressed in gastric cancer (GC). Herein, this study aims to investigate miR-455’s role in GC and its mechanism. Exosomes (exo) separated from BMSCs after transfection were co-cultured with either phagocytes, GC cells (NCI-N87 cell), or macrophages combined with NCI-N87cells (mixed group) followed by analysis of the expression of PTEN, N-cadherin, E-cadherin, and PI3K, and AKT by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Increased miR-455 expression was observed in GC cells upon transfection. GC cells in the mixed group relative to NCI-N87 group exhibited a lower cell migration and invasion and impaired proliferative capacity (p< 0.05), accompanied with higher expressions of N-cadherin, E-cadherin, PI3K, and AKT, and decreased level of PTEN (p< 0.05). The combined treatment resulted in a higher phagocytic rate (12.38±0.21%) and phagocytic index (14.29±2.11%) compared to treatment with only phagocytes (p< 0.05). In conclusion, BMSC-derived exosomal miR-455 inhibits the growth of GC cells and promotes the phagocytosis through inactivating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Co-Culture of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell (BMSC) and Osteoclasts Regulates Cell Differentiation and Alleviates Osteoporosis by Up-Regulating miR-211
Authors: Yang Shuo , Sima Jincheng , Liao Wenbo
Published: January 2022

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can release a large amount of exosomes (EXO) during bone remodeling by osteoclasts. EXO contains miRNA-211, which has a variety of biological effects. However, little is known about whether miR-211 from BMSC-EXO affects the surrounding cells.
Therefore, we aim to study the role of miRNA-211 derived from BMSC-EXO in regulating osteoclasts differentiation. Macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and nuclear factor kappa B receptor activator (RANKL) were used to stimulate bone marrow macrophages (BMM) to obtain osteoclasts, which
were treated with BMSC-EXO or LPS followed by analysis of osteoclast-related genes expression by PCR, ROS release by flow cytometry, actin ring formation by immunofluorescence, and osteoclast differentiation by anti-tartrate acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. Finally, an in vivo experiment
was conducted to verify BMSC-EXO’s effect on osteoporosis. BMSC-EXO significantly inhibited RNAKL-induced osteoclast differentiation of BMMs. During osteoclasts formation, BMSC-EXO inhibited ROS production induced by RANKL and the subsequent activation of NF-κB signaling
pathway induced by ROS. In addition, BMSC-EXO significantly down-regulated the osteoclast genes including nuclear factor, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), C-fos, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and osteoclast-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor (OSCAR) in activated T cells. BMSC-EXO
inhibited ROS release by promoting miR-211 expression, thereby inhibiting the NF-κB signaling and ultimately participating in osteoclasts differentiation. In LPS-induced mouse osteoporosis models, BMSC-EXO inhibited LPS-induced bone loss and exerted a protective effect. In conclusion,
microRNA-211 derived from BMSC-EXO can regulate osteoclasts differentiation, suggesting that it might be used as a potential approach for treating osteoporosis.
Response to winter pressures in acute services: analysis from the Winter Society for Acute Medicine Benchmarking Audit
Authors: Atkin Catherine , Knight Thomas , Subbe Chris , Holland Mark , Cooksley Tim , Lasserson Daniel
Published: January 2022

Background

There is increased demand for urgent and acute services during the winter months, placing pressure on acute medicine services caring for emergency medical admissions. Hospital services adopt measures aiming to compensate for the effects of this increased pressure. This study aimed to describe the measures adopted by acute medicine services to address service pressures during winter.

Methods

A survey of acute hospitals was conducted during the Society for Acute Medicine Benchmarking Audit, a national day-of-care audit, on 30th January 2020. Survey questions were derived from national guidance.

Acute medicine services at 93 hospitals in the United Kingdom completed the survey, evaluating service measures implemented to mitigate increased demand, as well as markers of increased pressure on services.

Results

All acute internal medicine services had undertaken measures to prepare for increased demand, however there was marked variation in the combination of measures adopted. 81.7% of hospitals had expanded the number of medical inpatient beds available. 80.4% had added extra clinical staff. The specialty of the physicians assigned to provide care for extra inpatient beds varied. A quarter of units had reduced beds available for providing Same Day Emergency Care on the day of the survey. Patients had been waiting in corridors within the emergency medicine department in 56.3% of units.

Conclusion

Winter pressure places considerable demand on acute services, and impacts the delivery of care. Although increased pressure on acute hospital services during winter is widely recognised, there is considerable variation in the approach to planning for these periods of increased demand.
Sustainability of weight loss from a family-centered pediatric weight management program integrated in primary care
Authors: Else Veronica , Chen Qiaoling , Cortez Alan B. , Koebnick Corinna
Published: January 2022

Background

A 6-month pediatric weight loss program showed modest success, but the sustainability of this success after 12 months was unclear. The present study aims tomeasure the medium-term effectiveness of family-based weight management in pediatric primary care to reduce body weight in children living with obesity.

Methods

In a retrospective cohort study, children ages 3 to 17 years with obesity in Kaiser Permanente Orange County, California, who enrolled in a weight management program between April 2014 and December 2018 (FB-WMG, n = 341) were compared to children referred but not enrolled (Ref-CG, n = 317) and controls matched by sex, age, zip code and BMI (Area-CG, n = 801). The relative distance from the median BMI-for-age at months 0, 6, and 12 were expressed as difference-in-differences (DID) using multivariable linear regressions with robust standard error.

Results

The baseline BMI-for-age was 98.6 (SD 1.08) percentile in FB-WMG, 98.2 (SD 1.22) percentile in Ref-CG, and 98.6 (1.13 in Area-CG). FB-WMG had a median of 3 visits (P25 1 visit, P75 5 visits) in the first 6 months. Despite a more considerable decrease in the relative distance to the median BMI-for-age in FB-WMG children with 3+ visits after 6 months, the success obtained was not sustained at 12 months (DID FB-WMG vs Area-CG -0.34, 95% CI − 3.00 to 2.33%, FB-WMG vs Ref-CG -0.39, 95% CI − 3.14 to 2.35%). At 12 months, there was no statistical significant difference between the three groups (FB-WWG, Ref-CG, Area-CG).

Conclusions

The initial success in weight management was not sustained in the absence of continued support for healthy lifestyle changes. Based on current evidence, continued support is necessary to maintain and promote success beyond a brief 6 month intervention. Long-term pediatric weight management programs are needed to promote continuing progress.
Implementation of a program to support direct support professionals to promote a healthy lifestyle for people with moderate to profound intellectual disabilities
Authors: Overwijk A. , Hilgenkamp T. I. M. , van der Schans C. P. , Krijnen W. P. , Vlot-van Anrooij K. , van der Putten A. A. J. , Waninge A.
Published: January 2022

Background

There is a lack of theory-based interventions for direct support professionals (DSPs) to support a healthy lifestyle for people with moderate to profound intellectual disabilities (ID) despite their major role in this. This study aims to evaluate the preparation, implementation, and preliminary outcomes of a theory-based training and education program for DSPs to learn how to support these individuals.

Methods

The program consisting of e-learning, three in-person sessions, and three assignments was implemented. The implementation process was evaluated with a mixed method design with the following components: preparation phase, implementation phase, and the outcomes. These components were measured with project notes, questionnaires, interviews, reflections, assignments, food diaries, Actigraph/Actiwatch, and an inventory of daily activities.

Results

Regarding the preparation phase, enough potential participants met the inclusion criteria and the time to recruit the participants was 9 months. The program was implemented in four (residential) facilities and involved individuals with moderate to profound ID (n = 24) and DSPs (n = 32). The e-learning was completed by 81% of the DSPs, 72–88% attended the in-person sessions, and 34–47% completed the assignments. Overall, the fidelity of the program was good. DSPs would recommend the program, although they were either negative or positive about the time investment. Mutual agreement on expectations were important for the acceptability and suitability of the program. For the outcomes, the goals of the program were achieved, and the attitudes of DSPs towards a healthy lifestyle were improved after 3 months of the program (nutrition:p = < 0.01; physical activity:p = 0.04). A statistically significant improvement was found for food intake of people with ID (p = 0.047); for physical activity, no statistically significant differences were determined.

Conclusions

The theory-based program consisting of a training and education section for DSPs to support a healthy lifestyle for people with moderate to profound ID was feasible to implement and, despite some barriers regarding time capacity and mutual expectations, it delivered positive changes in both persons with moderate to profound ID and DSPs. Thus, the program is a promising intervention to support DSPs.
Impeding and facilitating factors for the implementation of alcohol interventions in hospitals: a qualitative and exploratory study among Dutch healthcare professionals
Authors: Kools Nathalie , van de Goor Ien , Bovens Rob H. L. M. , van de Mheen Dike , Rozema Andrea D.
Published: January 2022

Background

Non-moderated alcohol use is more prevalent among hospitalized patients compared to the general population. However, many hospitals fail to find and intervene with people with alcohol problems. We aimed to conduct an exploration of impeding and facilitating factors experienced by healthcare professionals in implementation of alcohol interventions in Dutch general hospitals. In addition, we explored the alcohol interventions used in the selected hospitals and involved stakeholders.

Methods

Through a qualitative study, semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with twenty healthcare professionals working in or in collaboration with six different general hospitals.

Results

Healthcare professionals indicated impeding and facilitating factors in the areas of motivation, knowledge and skills, patient characteristics, protocol, internal and external collaboration/support, resources, role suitability and societal support. Five different categories of approaches to identify and intervene with non-moderated alcohol use and 18 involved stakeholders from both inside and outside the hospital were found.

Conclusions

Implementation of alcohol interventions for patients in Dutch general hospitals still seems to be in its infancy. Respondents emphasized the importance of one clear protocol on how to tackle alcohol problems within their hospital, repeated training on alcohol-related knowledge and skills, (clinical) “champions” that support healthcare professionals and developing and maintaining collaborations with stakeholders within and outside the hospital.
Phytochemical and pharmacological investigation of the ethanol extract of Byttneria pilosa Roxb.
Authors: Sikder Liton , Khan Md. Roich , Smrity Shanita Zaman , Islam Muhammad Torequl , Khan Shams Ara
Published: January 2022

Background

Traditionally, the herb Byttneria pilosa Roxb. is used for bone fractures, boils, scabies, rheumatalgia, snake bites, syphilis, elephantiasis, poisoning, and eye infection. Scientific reports suggest that it has significant anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-diarrheal, anxiolytic, locomotion, sedative and anti-obesity effects. This study aims at the investigation of the phytochemical and pharmacological properties of the ethanol extract of this herb.

Methods

Fresh whole plant was extracted with absolute ethanol. A preliminary phytochemical investigation was followed by the evaluation of thrombolytic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-nociceptive activities by applying human clotted blood lysis, egg albumin, and acetic acid-induced writhing models, respectively.

Results

Phytochemical investigation suggests that B. pilosa possesses alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, terpenoids, tannins, saponins, and reducing sugars. The extract exhibited clot lysis and anti-inflammatory effects in a concentration-dependent manner. B. pilosa extract at 250 and 500 mg/kg also showed significant (p < 0.05) dose-dependent anti-nociceptive activity in Swiss albino mice.

Conclusion

The B. pilosa ethanol extract contains many important secondary metabolites and has thrombolytic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-nociceptive activities. More research is necessary on this hopeful medicinal herb.
The direct anterior approach to the hip: a useful tool in experienced hands or just another approach?
Authors: Realyvasquez John , Singh Vivek , Shah Akash K. , Ortiz Dionisio , Robin Joseph X. , Brash Andrew , Kurapatti Mark , Davidovitch Roy I. , Schwarzkopf Ran
Published: January 2022

The direct anterior approach (DAA) to the hip was initially described in the nineteenth century and has been used sporadically for total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, recent increased interest in tissue-sparing and small incision arthroplasty has given rise to a sharp increase in the utilization of the DAA. Although some previous studies claimed that this approach results in less muscle damage and pain as well as rapid recovery, a paucity in the literature exists to conclusively support these claims. While the DAA may be comparable to other THA approaches, no evidence to date shows improved long-term outcomes for patients compared to other surgical approaches for THA. However, the advent of new surgical instruments and tables designed specifically for use with the DAA has made the approach more feasible for surgeons. In addition, the capacity to utilize fluoroscopy intraoperatively for component positioning is a valuable asset to the approach and can be of particular benefit for surgeons during their learning curve. An understanding of its limitations and challenges is vital for the safe employment of this technique. This review summarizes the pearls and pitfalls of the DAA for THA in order to improve the understanding of this surgical technique for hip replacement surgeons.
Acute Citrulline Blunts Aortic Systolic Pressure during Exercise and Sympathoactivation in Hypertensive Postmenopausal Women
Authors: MAHARAJ ARUN , FISCHER STEPHEN M. , DILLON KATHERINE N. , KANG YEJIN , MARTINEZ MAURICIO A. , FIGUEROA ARTURO
Published: January 2022

Purpose

Hypertensive postmenopausal women (PMW) have exaggerated exercise systolic blood pressure (SBP) due to impaired functional sympatholysis. l-Citrulline (CIT) supplementation attenuates aortic SBP responses to cold pressor test (CPT)–induced vasoconstriction in young men. We hypothesized that acute CIT ingestion would attenuate aortic SBP and leg hemodynamic responses during exercise and CPT (EX + CPT).

Methods

Fifteen hypertensive PMW (61 ± 7 yr) were randomly assigned to consume either 6 g of CIT or placebo (PL) separated by a minimum 3-d washout phase. Brachial and aortic blood pressure, femoral artery blood flow (FBF), and vascular conductance (FVC) were measured at rest and during 5 min of unilateral plantarflexion exercise with a CPT applied during minutes 4 and 5.

Results

No differences between conditions were found in FBF, FVC, and brachial and aortic blood pressure at rest and during exercise alone. Changes in brachial SBP (CIT vs PL, 29 ± 12 vs 40 ± 10 mm Hg) and mean arterial pressure (CIT vs PL, 21 ± 10 vs 33 ± 11 mm Hg), and aortic SBP (CIT vs PL, 27 ± 11 vs 38 ± 9 mm Hg) and mean arterial pressure (CIT vs PL, 23 ± 9 vs 33 ± 11 mm Hg) to EX + CPT were lower in the CIT versus PL condition (P < 0.05). FBF, FVC, and functional sympatholysis (%ΔFVC) were not significantly different between conditions.

Conclusions

Acute CIT ingestion attenuated aortic SBP response to exercise and cold-induced sympathetic activation that may prevent left ventricle overload in hypertensive PMW.
Energy Expenditure of Female International Standard Soccer Players: A Doubly Labeled Water Investigation
Authors: MOREHEN JAMES C. , ROSIMUS CHRISTOPHER , CAVANAGH BRYCE P. , HAMBLY CATHERINE , SPEAKMAN JOHN R. , ELLIOTT-SALE KIRSTY J. , HANNON MARCUS P. , MORTON JAMES P.
Published: January 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to quantify total daily energy expenditure (TEE) of international adult female soccer players.

Methods

Twenty-four professional players were studied during a 12-d period where they participated in an international training camp (also inclusive of two competitive games) representing the English national team. The TEE was assessed via the doubly labeled water method during the full 12 d as well as the initial 4-d period before game one. Energy intake was also assessed (via weighed food analysis) during the initial 4-d period to permit estimation of energy availability (EA).

Results

Mean TEE did not differ (P = 0.31) between the 12-d (2693 ± 432 kcal·d−1; range, 2105–3507 kcal·d−1; 54 ± 6 kcal·kg−1 fat-free mass [FFM]) versus the 4-d assessment period (2753 ± 359 kcal·d−1; range, 1942–3280 kcal·d−1; 56 ± 8 kcal·kg−1 FFM). Mean 4-d energy intake was 1923 ± 357 kcal·d−1 (range, 1639–2172 kcal·d−1) and mean activity energy expenditure was 1069 ± 278 kcal·d−1 (range, 155–1549 kcal·d−1). When assessed for estimated EA, 88% of players were categorized with low EA status according to the threshold of <30 kcal·kg−1 FFM. Mean daily carbohydrate intake equated to 3.3 ± 0.7 g·kg−1 body mass.

Conclusions

When compared with previously published data from adult male players, we demonstrate that the relative daily energetic requirements of engaging in professional soccer training and match play are comparable between sexes. From a practical perspective, data suggest that practitioners should likely focus education and behavior change strategies on “fuelling” for match play and training to optimize both player health and performance.
Anabolic Steroids Use Is Associated with Impairments in Atrial and Ventricular Cardiac Structure and Performance in Athletes
Authors: GRANDPERRIN ANTOINE , SCHUSTER IRIS , MORONVAL PIERRE , IZEM OMAR , RUPP THOMAS , OBERT PHILIPPE , NOTTIN STÉPHANE
Published: January 2022

Purpose

Despite potential severe cardiac side effects, anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are increasingly used by strength athletes. However, previous echocardiographic studies focused on the left ventricular (LV) strains but did not assess LV twist and untwist mechanics. Moreover, left atrial (LA) function has been often neglected, and its stiffness, an important determinant of LA reservoir function, has never been challenged. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of AAS on LA and LV morphologies and functions in strength athletes.

Methods

Fifty subjects including 20 strength-trained young athletes age 32.0 ± 8.5 yr with a mean duration of AAS use of 4.7 ± 1.8 yr (users), 15 athletes with no history of AAS use (nonusers) and 15 sedentary controls underwent speckle tracking echocardiography to assess LA and LV morphology and function.

Results

Users showed higher LA reservoir dysfunction than nonusers (33.7% ± 10.9% vs 44.9% ± 9.9% respectively, P = 0.004) and higher LA stiffness (0.13 ± 0.05 vs 0.19 ± 0.08 A.U., respectively; P = 0.02), higher LV mass index and lower global and regional LV diastolic and systolic dysfunction (global longitudinal strain: −15.5% ± 3.2% vs −18.9% ± 1.8% respectively; P = 0.003), with a drop of LV twist–untwist mechanics (untwisting velocity: 61.5°·s−1 ± 20.2°·s−1 vs 73.7°·s−1 ± 16.1°·s−1 respectively, P = 0.04). There were significant correlations between LV mass and LV apical rotation (P = 0.003, r = 0.44) and diastolic longitudinal strain rate (P = 0.015, r = 0.33).

Conclusions

Our results showing significant LA and LV remodeling and dysfunctions in young AAS using athletes are alarming. Screening echocardiography based on speckle tracking echocardiography parameters for early diagnosis, as well as a stronger awareness in athletes and in physicians are warranted in this context.
January 2022 medical image of the month: bronchial obstruction due to pledget in airway following foregut cyst resection
Authors:   Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ USA, Panse Prasad , Sakata Kenneth
Published: January 2022

No abstract available. Article truncated after 150 words. A 37-year-old woman complaining of chest pain and cough underwent resection of a mediastinal foregut duplication cyst complicated by a 10-day hospitalization with a prolonged air leak. Seven years later, she presented with worsening cough and shortness of breath, complaining of similar symptoms intermittently in the 7 years between her surgery and presentation. Chest CT showed a hyperattenuating lesion obstructing the medial basal segmental airways, with bronchoscopy revealing suture and a pledget obstructing the medial basal segmental right lower lobe bronchus. The pledget and suture were successfully removed. Repeat bronchoscopy several months later showed no residual airway foreign body, although medial basal subsegmental bronchial stenosis prevented advancement of the bronchoscope distally; this finding correlated with the CT impression of airway stenosis or occlusion in this region on the follow up CT. Bronchogenic cysts result from abnormal lung budding and development of the ventral foregut during the first trimester (1). Many …
The Talus of Madame Liken
Authors: Bakić Asja
Published: January 2022

Abstract: In this story from Asja Bakić's debut collection, Mars , two women exist in a dangerous symbiosis.
New in Translation: A Baker's Dozen of 2021
Translations
Authors: Of The
Published: January 2022

Abstract: There's never enough space to cover them all, but in an effort to account for as
many titles as possible, here are thirteen 2021 translations for your reading
list, including novels, nonfiction, poetry, young-adult, and a children's
book.
Four Trickster Tales from Lwapula Province, Zambia
Authors: Of The , Spier Troy E.
Published: January 2022

Abstract: The Aushi are an ethnolinguistic group located in the Lwapula Province of the
Republic of Zambia and in the Katanga Province in the Democratic Republic of the
Congo. The following tales were recounted and shared collectively by a group of
women who wish to be identified by name: Agnes Kaunda Chiwamine, Rosemary
Mushota, Scolastica Kalengule Chiwamine, Exildah Mwansa Musoka, and Sarah
Mweba.
Strategies for facilitating creative music collaboration online
Authors: Martin Adam , Büchert Morten
Published: January 2022

Online collaboration between musicians in 2020 is a rapidly developing practice due to a range of environmental, epidemiological and creative motivations. The technical facility to collaborate in a variety of different formats exists via file-sharing services, video conferencing suites and specialist music services such as Splice and Auddly. Yet, given this proliferation of technologies, little attention has been paid into how creative musicians can most meaningfully utilize these new collaborative opportunities within their working practice. In this article, we wish to share some reflections from a case study of online music collaboration gained through our experience of facilitating three online songwriting camps with students from Leeds Conservatoire in the United Kingdom and Rhythmic Music Conservatory in Denmark. This article will particularly focus on the importance of managing roles, the impact of communication tools and the requirement for time management when collaborating online before proposing a set of guidelines derived from this study to help enable productive online creative collaboration.
Online learning in higher music education: Benefits, challenges and drawbacks of one-to-one videoconference instrumental lessons
Authors: Hernández Ana Martínez
Published: January 2022

Online music courses are becoming more common in higher education thanks to the always increasing technological advances. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic many universities around the world have been forced to turn to online learning. There are currently several options to deliver online musical tuition, but most of them offer limited results. Online learning provides many advantages related to time and money saving, as well as ecological-related matters, access from remote areas and interaction between students and teachers around the world. However, most often communication will take place using platforms tailored for speech, which will have a significant impact on the lesson quality. Although face-to-face lessons cannot be completely replaced to guarantee quality tuition, online lessons can be a helpful complement in certain situations. This article aims to identify the most common limitations of the platforms available at the moment, suggesting different approaches to lessen the weaknesses of online instrumental one-to-one teaching.
Serum Hs-CRP level and clinical significance of patients with stress ulcer caused by massive blood loss after trauma
Authors: Cuili Jiao , Yanyan Zhang , Xiao Chen , Ning Zhao , Kun Tian , Zhijing Wang , Jie Sun
Published: January 2022

Stress ulcer refers to a specific type of irritation of the inner wall of the gastrointestinal tract that occurs rapidly due to acute physiological stress such as severe disease, infection, or trauma. This study investigated the serum Hs-CRP level and clinical significance of patients with stress ulcers caused by massive blood loss after trauma. For this purpose, we studied 113 patients with enormous blood loss after trauma. During the study, 26 patients developed stress ulcers. Therefore, patients with massive blood loss after trauma were divided into two groups with and without stress ulcers. In addition to clinical and demographical evaluations, serum Hs-CRP levels were measured by ELISA test method in all patients at baseline, 6, and 12 days after starting the study. Results showed that 24 patients were excluded from the study due to termination of cooperation or death. Finally, 89 patients participated in the final analysis. Of these 89 patients, 26 developed stress ulcers. There was a significant difference between the two groups with stress and non-stress ulcers in terms of mean age (P=0.001) and gender (P=0.041). Also, there was a significant difference between the two groups regarding re-bleeding (P=0.012), the number of hospitalization days (P=0.001), and a decrease in hemoglobin (P=0.035). But there was no difference between the two groups regarding the need for re-surgery (P=0.276). The results of this study showed that increased serum hs-CRP levels are directly related to stress ulcers. Patients with higher serum Hs-CRP levels were more likely to develop stress ulcers than patients without stress ulcers during six days (P=0.04) and twelve days after starting the study (P=0.001). Current research results also show that the prevalence of stress ulcers occurs in men more than women. The risk of stress ulcers increases among older patients. People with stress ulcers also lose more hemoglobin, and finally, patients with more trauma and more extended hospital stays have a higher chance of developing stress ulcers.
The effect of visfatin genotype on insulin pump therapy on quality of life in patients with type I diabetes
Authors: Jianjun Lv , Xiaona Liu , Hong Li
Published: January 2022

Diabetes is associated with an increase in other chronic diseases and an increase in mortality. The individual differences influence the treatment of this disease in pharmacokinetics and clinical responses. One of the important factors related to individual differences includes genetic factors in transmission, metabolism, and drug function. On the other hand, this disease has a significant impact on the patients’ quality of life and their family. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of single nucleotide polymorphism (rs2110385) of the visfatin gene on insulin required to maintain glucose homeostasis and to evaluate the effect of insulin pump therapy on the quality of life in type 1 diabetic patients. In this regard, this study was performed on 47 patients with type 1 diabetes. The short form of the Diabetes Quality of Life Questionnaire (DQOL) was used to record information. Laboratory tests also included FBS, HbA1C, G2h, serum levels of visfatin, insulin, and adiponectin. Insulin resistance (HOMA) and insulin sensitivity (QUICKI) indices were calculated. The polymorphism of the studied genotype was performed by the PCR-RFLP method. The results showed that the scores of both dimensions of quality of life, including patient care behaviors and satisfaction with the disease control after the intervention increased significantly (P <0.001). There was a significant and direct relationship between the patient's age and the duration of the disease with the score of increasing patients' quality of life. No significant differences were found between HbA1C, G2h, FBS levels, fasting insulin concentration, HOMA, and QUICKI indices. The insulin dose used to maintain glucose homeostasis at the same levels was significantly lower in the GG genotype than in other genotypes. In general, the present study results showed that insulin pump therapy and its dimensions could improve the life quality of patients with type 1 diabetes. Also, genetic evaluation of individuals helps to provide the correct and accurate dose of insulin with the help of the insulin pump for these patients to increase their quality of life as much as possible.
Study on the correlation between PPARγ, Aβ1-42, miR-155 and the occurrence and development of diabetes
Authors: Zhiping Lv , Chunli Liu , Shanna Zhao
Published: January 2022

The objective of this research was to study the correlation between PPARγ, Aβ1-42, miR-155 and the occurrence and development of diabetes. For this purpose, 52 patients with diabetes who were hospitalized from September 2019 to May 2021 were selected as the research objects. They were grouped according to the severity of the disease, which was pre-diabetes (n=16), mild (n=25), and moderate (n=16). =11), another 20 healthy subjects were taken as the control group, and the levels of PPARγ, Aβ1-42, miR-155 in each group were measured, and the correlation between changes in the levels of various indicators and the occurrence and development of diabetes was explored. Results showed that comparison of age, gender, course of disease, BMI, living habits, comorbidities, and high-density lipoprotein among the groups of diabetic patients (P>0.05); the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density cholesterol decreased with the development of diabetes (P<0.05) ); Compared with the healthy group, the levels of PPARγ and miR-155 were significantly reduced, and the levels of Aβ1-42 were significantly increased (P<0.05); compared with the prediabetes, the levels of mild and moderate PPARγ and miR-155 showed a downward trend, and Aβ1 -42 level showed an upward trend (P<0.05); PPARγ and miR-155 levels were negatively correlated with pre-diabetes, mild, and moderate; Aβ1-42 was positively correlated with pre-diabetes, mild, and moderate (P<0.05) ; PPARγ, Aβ1-42, miR-155 levels can effectively predict the occurrence and development of diabetes, and the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the detection of diabetes by various indicators, positive predictive value and negative predictive value are significantly higher. It is concluded that PPARγ, Aβ1-42, miR-155 are closely related to the occurrence and development of diabetes, and there are many influencing factors of diabetes. Clinical intervention measures can be taken according to specific conditions.
Protective effect of melatonin as an antioxidant in the intestine of rats with superior mesenteric arterial occlusion
Authors: Yuan Xiaoqiang , Xi Zhang , Yu Bailong-
Published: January 2022

The superior mesenteric artery is a branch of the aortic artery that supplies blood to the small and some parts of the large intestine. Any obstruction in blood flow and reperfusion causes tissue damage in the intestine. This study aimed to determine the rate of fat peroxidation and tissue protein as an indicator of tissue degradation after ischemia and reperfusion following induction of superior mesenteric artery occlusion in the intestine and to evaluate the protective effect of melatonin as a free radical scavenger and antioxidants in rats. In this study, 36 male Wistar-Albino rats weighing between 80-120 g were equally divided into six groups and received different melatonin doses (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg) intramuscularly. In this regard, Group 1 was the control group, Group 2 was the Sham group (underwent surgery to dissect the upper mesenteric artery and injected the same volume of solvent), Group 3 was Ischemia-reperfusion (IR), Group 4 was IR with melatonin at a dose of 10 mg/kg, Group 5 was IR with melatonin at a dose of 20 mg/kg, and Group 6 was IR with melatonin at a dose of 30 mg/kg. The results showed that the level of tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly lower in groups 4, 5, and 6 than in group 3 (P <0.05). Tissue protein levels were significantly higher in group 4 than in group 3 (P <0.001). Tissue protein levels in groups 5 and 6 did not significantly differ from group 3 (P = 0.191). Overall, this study showed that melatonin at a dose of 10 mg/kg has an antioxidant effect preventing induced damage due to superior mesenteric artery occlusion.
Mortality Risk factors and SOX2 and mTOR expression in Patients with Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Yu Gao , Yuexin Yang , Yin Lv , Yiyin Zhang , Mei Kang , Liyang Zhu , Lei Xu , Fan Wang
Published: January 2022

Causes of mortality in EC patients are not confined to cancer-specific mortality but include various protein expressions of SOX2 and mTOR in Esophageal Cancer patients and their correlation with the clinical stage. Data about the risk factors and involvement of cancer-specific protein are still lacking. This study aimed to define the risk factors and association of SOX2 and mTOR expression in mortality in patients with EC. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to assess the risk factors for cancer-specific mortality and cardiovascular mortality in patients with esophageal cancer (EC). The expression rates of SOX2, as well as MTO, were checked in patients. The multivariate analysis revealed a high-risk EC mortality with age ≥ 65 years, black race, grade, stage, and sequence of treatment; radiation after surgery; radiation before and after surgery; Surgery both before and after radiation. While the cardiovascular mortality increased with age ≥ 65 years, adenocarcinoma type, grade, stage, and sequence of treatment. The expression rates of SOX2, as well as mTOR, were 75.5 percent and 86.8 percent in Esophageal Cancer, while were 10.7 percent and 7.5 percent in osteochondroma, respectively, which was statistically significant (P<0.05). Risk factors for cancer-specific mortality and cardiovascular mortality in EC patients include older age at diagnosis, male sex, non-married status, grade III of the tumor, the regional or distant spread of the tumor, no cancer-directed therapy. The expression levels of SOX2, mTOR, and the total survival time were related to the different stages. It shows an upward trend for the expression levels of mTOR and SOX2 in Esophageal Cancer tissues. The expression levels of SOX2 and mTOR are related to the clinical stage, metastasis, and prognosis.
Adjuvant measures and genetic evaluations to improve results of hair transplantation
Authors: Fattah Jalal Hamasalih
Published: January 2022

Follicular unit extraction (FUE) has evolved dramatically as the most recent advancement in surgical hair restoration as it leaves a tiny scar and creates natural and pleasing results. This study aims to show the effectiveness of adjuvant measures and genetic evaluations in improving outcomes. Prospective analysis of 271 male patients with androgenic alopecia who underwent hair transplantation with FUE technique between August 2015 and February 2020 at our center was conducted. The mean age was 35.93 ±4.40 years. At one year postoperatively, patients were asked to fill up a questionnaire which included their satisfaction level, need for 2nd session, and complications. Informed written consent was obtained from all patients. Also, blood samples were provided from patients before the operation. RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed using the RNX-Plus kit (Cinnagen, Iran) and Vivantis kit (Malaysia). Amplification of SRD5A2 and GAPDH genes (as internal standard) for measuring gene expression was performed by real-time PCR. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social science SPSS V. 23. In the last 156 cases, the addition of 40 mg of Triamcinolone to the LA solution led to a dramatic reduction of the incidence of postoperative oedema, from 40% to 9%. Adding three sessions of PRP at 2nd, 4th and 6th months postoperatively resulted in an increased patient satisfaction rate with better hair density and thickness where the rate of highly satisfied patients increased from 64.5% to 83.7%. The addition of 40 mg Triamcinolone to the LA solution was highly effective in reducing postoperative oedema. Three sessions of PRP at 2nd, 4th and 6th months postoperatively were recommended. The results of SRD5A2 gene expression showed that the expression of this gene in satisfied (P = 0.049) and dissatisfied (P = 0.028) patients were significantly higher than highly satisfied patients, which means that the SRD5A2 gene expression had an essential role in the successfulness of hair transplantation. The increased expression of this gene could reduce the response to hair transplantation.
Initiating Change Through Participative Leadership
Authors: Mews Joseph
Published: January 2022

.
The Impacts of COVID-19 on Business Practice: Some Key Insights
Authors: Sooreea Rajeev , Sooreea Brinda
Published: January 2022

This paper provides an overview of some of the key economic impacts of COVID-19 on business practice, especially in the U.S. In particular, we synthesize some of the latest research, findings and developments from various academic literature and business sources to provide a managerial perspective of the effects of this pandemic. In addition, we show some characteristics of the so-called “new normal” and what kind of innovative business opportunities could arise as a result of the fundamental changes in the global economy. We conclude by highlighting how some emerging countries like India could tap into such opportunities despite the dire global situation.
HALKA AÇIKLIK ORANININ FİRMA DEĞERİNE ETKİSİ: BİST’DE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: DAYI Faruk
Published: January 2022

Halka açıklık oranının firma değeri üzerinde etkisi olduğu belirtilmektedir. Halka açıklık oranındaki artış ile kontrol gücüne sahip hissedarların paylarındaki değişimin firma değerini etkilemesi beklenmektedir. Firmaların sermaye artırımları ile halka açıklık oranını artırmaları, sermayenin geniş bir tabana yayılmasını sağlamaktadır. Hissedarların sayısının ve pay oranlarının artmasıyla firmanın borsa değerinin olması gereken değere ulaşması beklenilmektedir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada halka açıklık oranının firma değerine etkisi araştırılmaktadır. Borsa İstanbul’da işlem gören 30 firmanın 2010-2019 dönemine ait 10 yıllık verileri analizde kullanılmıştır. Aktif değeri, piyasa değeri, özkaynaklar toplamı, ödenmiş sermaye, halka açıklık oranı, en yüksek paya sahip ortağın payı ve en yüksek paya sahip 3 ortağın payı değişkenleri kullanılarak panel veri analizi yapılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda firmaların halka açıklık oranının firma değeri üzerinde etkisi olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
ENTELEKTÜEL SERMAYENİN HAYAT DIŞI SİGORTA ŞİRKETLERİNİN FİNANSAL PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİ
Authors: SARIŞIN Elif , ÖZKAN Nasıf
Published: January 2022

Bu çalışma, 2004-2018 yılları arasında Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren 38 hayat dışı sigorta şirketinin entelektüel sermaye etkinliği ile finansal performansı arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Hayat dışı sigorta şirketlerinin entelektüel sermaye etkinliği, entelektüel katma değer katsayısı (VAIC) modeli kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. VAIC ve bileşenlerinin (CEE, HCE ve SCE), hayat dışı sigorta şirketlerinin finansal performansı (aktif karlılığı – ROA) üzerindeki etkileri tesadüfi etkiler modeli kullanılarak tahmin edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçların sağlamlığının test edilmesinde ise sabit etkiler modeli kullanılmıştır. Hayat dışı sigorta şirketlerinin entelektüel katma değer katsayısını oluşturan en önemli entelektüel sermaye bileşeni insan sermayesi etkinlik katsayısıdır (HCE). Analize dâhil edilen şirketlerin yaklaşık %40’ı, ortalama VAIC değerinden (3,9557) daha yüksek VAIC değerine sahiptir. VAIC’in sigorta şirketlerinin finansal performansı üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif bir etkisi vardır. VAIC bileşenlerine ayrıldığında ise kullanılan sermaye etkinlik katsayısının (CEE) ve insan sermayesi etkinlik katsayısının (HCE) hayat dışı sigorta şirketlerinin finansal performansını sırasıyla negatif ve pozitif yönde etkilediği görülmektedir. Bu bulgu, hayat dışı sigorta şirketleri için insan sermayesinin, şirketlerin finansal veya fiziksel varlıklarına göre daha önemli olduğunu kanıtlamaktadır. Diğer taraftan, yapısal sermaye etkinlik katsayısının (SCE) ise sigorta şirketlerinin finansal performansı üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisi yoktur.
TÜRK SİGORTACILIK SEKTÖRÜNDE UFRS 17’YE GEÇİŞ SÜRECİ VE SİGORTA ŞİRKETLERİNE OLASI ETKİLERİ
Authors: TUNÇ Cüneyt
Published: January 2022

Finansal piyasaların önemli bileşenlerinden olan sigortacılık sektörü; aktüeryal, matematiksel, istatistiksel ve muhasebe gibi birçok uzmanlık alanını içerisinde barındırmaktadır. Sigortacılık faaliyetlerinin temelini oluşturan sigorta poliçelerinin teknik yapısı, risk olgusu, prim, komisyon ve hasar gelişimleri finansal performanslarını ve nakit akış süreçlerini ortaya koymaktadır. Poliçenin yürülüğe girmesiyle başlayıp bitişine kadar geçen sürede meydana gelen mali işlemlerin takibi, kaydı ve raporlanması finansal performans açısından oldukça önemlidir. Finansal tablo okuyucuları ve potansiyel yatırımcılar açısından en önemli gösterge verilerin şeffaf, doğru, eksiksiz ve zamanında işlenerek standartlara uygun yayımlanmasıdır. Bu sebeple 2004’te yayımlanan, sigorta sözleşmelerini düzenleyen ve standart altına alan ilk uygulama olan UFRS 4’ün geçici bir standart olması, sigortacılık muhasebe ihtiyaçlarını tam anlamıyla karşılayamaması, yeni ve daha kapsamlı bir standart ihtiyacı doğurmuştur. Sigorta işlemlerinin en küçük biriminden başlayarak tüm portföyü değerlendirmemizi sağlayacak, doğru risk algısı ve tahmin sağlayan, aktüeryal ve finansal tüm aksiyonları kapsayan, hasar, prim, komisyon, ödeme, tahsilat, reasürans gibi tüm muhasebe uygulamalarını düzenlemek ve raporlamak üzere International Accounting Standars Board – Uluslararası Muhasebe Standartları Kurulu (IASB) tarafından UFRS 17 Sigorta Sözleşmeleri Standardı yayımlanmıştır. UFRS 17, ilk defa 18 Mayıs 2017 tarihinde yayımlanmış ve sigorta şirketlerinin bu geçişi ertelemeli kararla 1 Ocak 2023 yılı ve sonrası hesap dönemlerinde hayata geçirmesi beklenmektedir. UFRS 17’nin, yürürlüğe girmesi planlanan 2023 yılı öncesinde sigorta şirketlerinin aktüeryal hesaplamalarına, risk analiz yöntemlerine, teknik karşılıklara, hasar planlamasına ve bilgi teknolojileri gibi bir çok alana tesir etmesi beklenmektedir. Alanında uzmanlaşma, teknik kabiliyetin gelişmesi, nitelikli insan kaynağı, danışman denetim firmalarının desteği, eğitim gibi beraberinde mali etkilerin de yaşanması tahmin edilmektedir.