bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Donne’s Catholicism: II
Authors: Flynn Dennis
Published: February 2017

The years between Donne’s marriage in December 1601 and his ordination in January 1615 were the central period in his religious development during which, though he retained Catholic habits and sympathies, he began to refer to the Church of England as his church and ultimately took Anglican orders. Over forty years ago, G. R. Elliott pointed out how Donne’s biographers have slighted these middle years, portraying them as a merely dull hiatus between the libertine brilliance of Donne’s youth and hislater eloquent piety:

When an adequate critical biography of him comes to be written, it will interpret his whole life and work in the light of his middle phase. For this, as I have tried to suggest, was not merely a phase, much less a negligible phase. It represents the ground-tone of the whole man.

But Bald and earlier biographers have generally misunderstood Donne’s middle years, on account of their acceptance of the idea, first expressed by Walton, that at the time of his marriage Donne had long since discarded his Catholicism and was either a free-thinking sceptic or a convinced adherent to Anglicanism. This has obscured the character and crucial importance of the middle period, which (like the whole of Donne’s life and work) cannot be comprehended apart from the conflict between Protestantism and Catholicism that continued to polarise English religious life during the first decade of the seventeenth century.
Iron-Mining in Restoration Furness: The Case of Sir Thomas Preston
Authors: Galgano Michael J.
Published: February 2017

The iron-mining by Sir Thomas Preston of The Manor in Furness, Bart., is an interesting interlude in Restoration economic and legal history. First, it attests to the existence of iron-mining in Furness long before the eighteenth century and provides valuable insights into mining conditions and operations. Secondly, when Sir Thomas, a Catholic, attempted to dispose of his properties, including the iron-mines, to the Jesuits and the poor of Dalton parish, his cousin, Thomas Preston of Holker, Esq., initiated proceedings in the Court of Exchequer, claiming that the estates were forfeit because they had been granted for superstitious uses. In this article, the iron-mines will be examined both as lucrative producers of haematite ore and as a focal point of legal controversy.

Sir Thomas Preston, second son of Sir John, was born in 1643. By 1665 he had succeeded to the family titles and estates after the deaths of his father and brother. He married twice, his second wife being Mary, the daughter of Caryll, Viscount Molyneux of Sefton, whose marriage portion was £4,000, with £2,000 paid in 1666 and the remainder in 1667. They had three children: Francis, who died an infant in 1672; Mary, who married William, Marquis of Powis; and Anne, who married Hugh, Lord Clifford of Chudleigh. Thus the 1660’s brought a happy marriage, children, and an improving financial position. The 1670’s brought the loss of his son and heir in 1672 and the sudden death of his second wife, after which Sir Thomas elected to abandon the world and enter the Society of Jesus. The two decades in his life are mirrored in the fate of his iron enterprise, which prospered in the ’sixties but then decayed rapidly.
Neoliberalism, linguistic commodification, and ethnolinguistic identity in multilingual Nepal
Authors: Sharma Bal Krishna , Phyak Prem
Published: February 2017

This article examines the consequences of neoliberalism in two separate domains of multilingual language use in the context of Nepal: language education and tourism. We show that institutions and individuals have appropriated and reproduced this ideology with their creative tactics, agency, and practices that both help them promote and commodify their ethnolinguistic identity and language skills while also allowing them to acquire multilingual repertoires in global languages such as English, German, Chinese, Japanese, and the indigenous local language Newari. We show that English as a global language does not always accord more cultural capital and economic value, nor is the teaching and learning of local indigenous languages always confined to the ideologies of identity politics and language preservation. We argue that while the ideologies of English as a global language and of indigenous languages as tools for ethnolinguistic identity do not disappear from the scene, new forces of globalization and neoliberalism bestow new meanings to multilingual repertoires and practices. (Neoliberalism, multilingualism, commodification, ethnolinguistic identity, Nepal)*
Self-image and intergenerational relationships as correlates of life satisfaction in Chinese older adults: will gender make a difference?
Authors: BAI XUE , GUO YU , FU YUAN YUAN
Published: February 2017

Promoting life satisfaction in later life has long been both a policy and practice challenge. This study examined the association between older adults' self-image and life satisfaction, and that between their intergenerational relationships and life satisfaction. Given that sources of wellbeing for older men and women may vary due to socially constructed realities in early life, gender differences were also investigated in the correlates of life satisfaction. A face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted in 2014 with a sample of 1,099 older adults aged 60 years and over from four cities in China. Findings of this study showed that older adults’ self-image and intergenerational relationships were significantly associated with their life satisfaction after controlling for certain socio-demographic characteristics, and health and self-care ability. The correlates of life satisfaction were shown to differ between older men and women. Programmes and Services should be developed for older adults to explore and identify positive aspects of themselves, to improve their relationships with their adult children, and to foster a more positive image of ageing in wider society. In addition, service providers should take gender differences in correlates of life satisfaction into account in service and intervention programme development.
Corrections to Kirk’s Articles on the Leckonbys and Whites in his Biographies of English Catholics
Authors: Vincent Smith W.
Published: February 2017

Every student of Catholic history in the 18th century owes a debt to the Reverend John Kirk, D. D. His Biographies of English Catholics is a mine of information and, though it undoubtedly has to be used with care and criticism, it frequently points the way to further information, One of Kirk’s more serious errors is his confusion of the Leckonbys and Whites.
“Father Braye Jesuyte”
Authors: Chadwick H.
Published: February 2017

Fr. John Rogers S.J., on entering as a young man of twenty the English College, Rome, stated that whilst in the service of Lady Stourton he had chanced to meet “a very aged priest named Father Richard Bray, who had lived for ten years at Douay”, by whose means he had become a Catholic (Foley. IV, 419). This would have occurred at some date not far distant from 1604, the date of John Rogers’ statement. Beyond the fact that a certain Richard Bray, of Herefordshire, entered the English College, Douay, on 28 April, 1583, and received the first tonsure in the following September (Knox. 1st & 2nd Douai Diaries, 195, 198) – he may or may not have been the same man – one knows no more of Fr.Richard Bray.
Addition to the Biography of Thomas Wright
Authors: FitzGibbon B.
Published: February 2017

Thomas Wright was given access to Guy Fawkes soon after his arrest in the vault of the House of Lords. The authority for this interesting incident in his career is a statement of the priest Richard Broughton in his book “English Protestant Plea for English Priests and Papists” of 1621. “The Lords of the Council requested that a priest should be appointed to perswade and assure Fauxe (a chief agent in it) that he was bound in conscience to utter what he could of the conspiracie, and Mr Tho. Write a learned priest did hereupon come to the Councell and offer his best service herein, and had a warrant subsigned with 12 Privie Councellors hands, which he showed unto me, and I am witnesse of his having such a Warrant. (p. 59. cit. Dom Raymund Webster. The Downside Review. Oct. 1936. p. 503.)
Thomas Preston O.S.B., Alias Roger Widdrington (1567 – 1640)
Authors: Webb S.J. W.K.L.
Published: February 2017

Between the years 1611 and 1620, a number of books supporting the Jacobean Oath of Allegiance were printed in London at the instigation of the English Government. The author's name on the title-pages of these books was given generally as “Roger Widdrington, an English Catholic”, sometimes simply as “Roger Widdrington”. Some of the books were in English, others were in Latin. Taken together, they represent what was probably the most learned and formidable defence of the Oath composed by any pen then active. At that time, the common opinion of those in a position to know, both in England and abroad, was that the name “Roger Widdrington” was a pseudonym which concealed the identity of the real author, the Benedictine priest, Thomas Preston. The modern accounts of his career given, for example, by Gillow (in his ‘Bibliographical Dictionary’) and by Thompson Cooper (in the ‘Dictionary of National Biography’) accept this traditional identification.
A Durham Family: Jenisons Of Walworth
Authors: Forster Ann M.C.
Published: February 2017

In the reign of Queen Elizabeth, Thomas Jenison, late Auditor to her Majesty in Ireland, purchased estates in the parishes of Heighington and Coniscliffe in the County Palatine of Durham, and built himself a magnificent new mansion at Walworth just to the north of the Tees. Here, in 1603, his widow entertained King James I as he was journeying southward. This lady, Elizabeth Jenison, was daughter to Edward Birch, Groom Porter to Henry VIII. From her will, made in 1605, we learn that three of her sons, William “the elder,” John and Michael, were, to her grief, Catholics, while William “the younger,” Thomas and Elizabeth, wife of Sir George Freville, adhered to the religion of their mother. Possibly the father had heen Catholic: certainly he was in sympathy with Catholics abroad, for when Lady Stanley was arrested in Ireland after the surrender of Daventer hy her husband in 1586, she was advised to get in touch with Mr Jenison the Auditor.
The Period of Richard Stanyhurst's Chaplaincy to the Archduke Albert
Authors: Hoppe Harry R.
Published: February 2017

Though during the last years of his life Richard Stanyhurst, best known to English literature for his early translation of Virgil's Aeneid, was one of the chaplains to the court of Albert and Isabel, the exact time of his appointment has not, so far as I can ascertain, been known. Two registers in the General archives at Brussels containing Albert's household accounts for the years 1612 to 1618 (Chamhre des Comptes 1837 and 1838), give us much more precise information on this subject. They not only record current salary payments from September 1612 onwards hut tell us retrospectively in 1618, the year of his death, that he assumed his duties as chaplain on 29 June 1607 and suggest that as late as 2 July 1618 he was alive hut his death was probably imminent.
An assessment of the microbiological quality of lightly cooked food (including sous-vide) at the point of consumption in England
Authors: JØRGENSEN F. , SADLER-REEVES L. , SHORE J. , AIRD H. , ELVISS N. , FOX A. , KAYE M. , WILLIS C. , AMAR C. , DE PINNA E. , MCLAUCHLIN J.
Published: February 2017

This observational study aims to investigate the microbiological quality of commercially prepared lightly cooked foods with a major component of food of animal origin and collected as would be served to a consumer. A total of 356 samples were collected from catering (92%), retail (7%) or producers (1%) and all were independent of known incidents of foodborne illness. Using standard methods, all samples were tested for: the presence of Campylobacter spp. and Salmonella spp. and enumerated for levels of, Bacillus spp. including B. cereus, Clostridium perfringens, Listeria spp. including L. monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterobacteriacea and aerobic colony count (ACC). Results were interpreted as unsatisfactory, borderline or satisfactory according to the Health Protection Agency guidelines for assessing the microbiological safety of ready-to-eat foods placed on the market. Amongst all samples, 70% were classified as satisfactory, 18% were borderline and 12% were of unsatisfactory microbiological quality. Amongst the unsatisfactory samples, six (2%) were potentially injurious to health due to the presence of: Salmonella spp. (one duck breast); Campylobacter spp. (two duck breast and one chicken liver pâté); L. monocytogenes at 4·3 × 103 cfu (colony-forming units)/g (one duck confit with foie gras ballotin) and C. perfringens at 2·5 × 105 cfu/g (one chicken liver pâté). The remaining unsatisfactory samples were due to high levels of indicator E. coli, Enterobacteriaceae or ACC.
Addressing biophysical constraints for Australian farmers applying low rates of composted dairy waste to soil
Authors: Hayes R. C. , McCormick J. I. , Oates A. A. , Poile G. J. , Conyers M. K. , Gardner M. J. , Price A. , O'Keeffe P. , Li G. D.
Published: February 2017

This study examined the response of forage crops to composted dairy waste (compost) applied at low rates and investigated effects on soil health. The evenness of spreading compost by commercial machinery was also assessed. An experiment was established on a commercial dairy farm with target rates of compost up to 5 t ha−1applied to a field containing millet [Echinochloa esculenta(A. Braun) H. Scholz] and Pasja leafy turnip (Brassicahybrid). A pot experiment was also conducted to monitor the response of a legume forage crop (vetch;Vicia sativaL.) on three soils with equivalent rates of compost up to 20 t ha−1with and without ‘additive blends’ comprising gypsum, lime or other soil treatments. Few significant increases in forage biomass were observed with the application of low rates of compost in either the field or pot experiment. In the field experiment, compost had little impact on crop herbage mineral composition, soil chemical attributes or soil fungal and bacterial biomass. However, small but significant increases were observed in gravimetric water content resulting in up to 22.4 mm of additional plant available water calculated in the surface 0.45 m of soil, 2 years after compost was applied in the field at 6 t ha−1dried (7.2 t ha−1undried), compared with the nil control. In the pot experiment, where the soil was homogenized and compost incorporated into the soil prior to sowing, there were significant differences in mineral composition in herbage and in soil. A response in biomass yield to compost was only observed on the sandier and lower fertility soil type, and yields only exceeded that of the conventional fertilizer treatment where rates equivalent to 20 t ha−1were applied. With few yield responses observed, the justification for applying low rates of compost to forage crops and pastures seems uncertain. Our collective experience from the field and the glasshouse suggests that farmers might increase the response to compost by: (i) increasing compost application rates; (ii) applying it prior to sowing a crop; (iii) incorporating the compost into the soil; (iv) applying only to responsive soil types; (v) growing only responsive crops; and (vi) reducing weed burdens in crops following application. Commercial machinery incorporating a centrifugal twin disc mechanism was shown to deliver double the quantity of compost in the area immediately behind the spreader compared with the edges of the spreading swathe. Spatial variability in the delivery of compost could be reduced but not eliminated by increased overlapping, but this might represent a potential 20% increase in spreading costs.
Discovery and Optimization of Novel 5-Indolyl-7-arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-8-carbonitrile Derivatives as Potent Antitubulin Agents Targeting Colchicine-binding Site
Authors: Zhai Xin , Wang Xiaoqiang , Wang Jiao , Liu Jin , Zuo Daiying , Jiang Nan , Zeng Tianfang , Yang Xiuxiu , Jing Tongfei , Gong Ping
Published: February 2017

Aiming at development of potent antitubulin agents targeting colchicine-binding site, a series of novel 5-indolyl-7-arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-8-carbonitrilederivatives (5a–5v and 7a–7h) were designed based on bioisosterism and hybridization strategies. All these compounds were concisely synthesized via a three-step process and examined against five human cancer cell lines (HT-29, A549, MKN-45, MDA-MB-231 and SMMC-7721) along with a normal human cell (L02) in vitro. A structure-activity relationships (SARs) study was carried out and optimization towards this series of compounds in cellular assay resulted in the discovery of 5k, which displayed similar or better antitumor potency against the tested cancer cells with IC50 value ranging from 0.02 to 1.22 μM superior to CA-4 and Crolibulin. Significantly, a cell cycle study disclosed the ability of 5k to arrest cell cycle at the G2/M phase, and immunofluorescence assay as well as a colchicine competition assay revealed that tubulin polymerization was disturbed by 5k by binding to the colchicine site. Moreover, the molecular modeling mode showed the posture of 5k and Crolibulin was similar in the colchcine-binding pocket of tubulin as identified with the SARs and pharmacological results. Together, all these results rationalized 5k might serve as a promising lead for a novel class of antitubulin agents for cancer treatments.
Increased PKC activity and altered GSK3β/NMDAR function drive behavior cycling in HINT1-deficient mice: bipolarity or opposing forces
Authors: Garzón-Niño Javier , Rodríguez-Muñoz María , Cortés-Montero Elsa , Sánchez-Blázquez Pilar
Published: February 2017

Mice with histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) deletion exhibit manic-like symptoms that evolve into depressive-like behavior in response to stressful paradigms. Molecular and electrophysiological studies have indicated that HINT1−/− mice exhibit increased PKC, PKA, and GSK3β activities, as well as glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)/α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic receptor (AMPAR) and NR2B/NR2A subunit ratios. Pharmacological interventions stabilized their behavior but through different mechanisms. GSK3β inhibitors and valproate directly attenuated the expression of the manic-like symptoms, whereas PKC inhibition, lamotrigine, or risperidone promoted NMDAR-mediated depressive-like behaviors that counterbalanced the preexisting manic-like symptoms. Naïve HINT1−/− mice exposed to stressful paradigms rapidly manifested depressive-like behaviors in subsequent stressful situations, a capacity that persisted for a couple of weeks thereafter. During the depressive-like phase, citalopram, amitriptyline and MK801 precipitated manic-like behaviors in stressed HINT1−/− mice. Notably, the antagonism of NMDARs prevented HINT1−/− mice from alternating behaviors in response to stress. A comparison with “manic” Black Swiss mice indicated that in HINT1−/− mice, PKC supports manic-like symptoms and reduces the expression of depressive-like behaviors via activation of GSK3β and regulation of NR2B-enriched NMDARs. HINT1−/− mice represent a suitable model for studying human BPD and may facilitate the identification of novel targets and drugs to treat this mental disorder.
Hierarchical self-assembly of squaraine and silica nanoparticle functionalized with cationic coordination sites for near infrared detection of ATP
Authors: Feng Ruizhi , Shi Weining , Wang Dejia , Wen Jia , Li Hongjuan , Sun Shiguo , Xu Yongqian
Published: February 2017

Optical activity of hierarchical supramolecular assemblies based on organic dyes would create multiple functional architectures. In this work, three kinds of silica nanoparticles with or without functional groups were synthesized. For the first time, silica nanoparticles can induce positively charged squaraine (SQ) to aggregate to form supramolecular assemblies. Adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP) as building blocks was absorbed on the surface of silica nanoparticles through metal-anion coordination and electrostatic interactions, in which the aggregates of SQ was transferred to monomer. The thickness being composed of ATP and SQ on the outside of nanoparticles is about 5 nm. These supramolecular assemblies showed selective turn-on fluorescence response to ATP in near infrared (NIR) region over other ions through metal-anion coordination and electrostatic interactions. These functional silica nanoparticles possessing many advantages provide proof-of-principle “seed crystals” for construction of supramolecular assemblies and platforms for sensing with facile performance.
Facile sonochemical synthesis of water-soluble gold nanodots as fluorescent probes for superoxide radical anion detection and cell imaging
Authors: Li Zhiying , Xiao Li
Published: February 2017

Facile sonochemical synthesis of water-soluble gold nanodots as fluorescent probes for superoxide radical anion detection and cell imaging.
A new approach for the preparation of well-defined Rh and Pt nanoparticles stabilized by phosphine-functionalized silica for selective hydrogenation reactions
Authors: Llop Castelbou J. , Szeto K. C. , Barakat W. , Merle N. , Godard C. , Taoufik M. , Claver C.
Published: February 2017

A new methodology is reported for the synthesis of well defined silica-supported metallic nanoparticles that are selective hydrogenation catalysts.
Biosynthesis and characterization of MgO nanoparticles from plant extracts via induced molecular nucleation
Authors: Jeevanandam Jaison , Chan Yen San , Danquah Michael K.
Published: February 2017

We synthesized 18–80 nm sized MgO nanoparticles using three different leaf extracts with biophysical characteristics.
Towards advanced paramagnetic nanoassemblies of highly ordered interior nanostructures as potential MRI contrast agents
Authors: Gupta Abhishek , de Campo Liliana , Waddington Lynne J. , Knott Robert B. , Hwang Dennis , Kirby Nigel , Price William S. , Moghaddam Minoo J.
Published: February 2017

A novel paramagnetic amphiphile designed to form nanoassemblies of highly ordered nanostructures was explored as an advanced MRI contrast agent.
Metal–organic complex-functionalized protein nanopore sensor for aromatic amino acids chiral recognition
Authors: Guo Yanli , Niu Aihua , Jian Feifei , Wang Ying , Yao Fujun , Wei Yongfeng , Tian Lei , Kang Xiaofeng
Published: February 2017

Metal-organic complex-functionalized protein nanopore sensor for single-molecule chiral recognition.
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and microfluidic platforms: challenges, solutions and potential applications
Authors: Jahn I. J. , Žukovskaja O. , Zheng X.-S. , Weber K. , Bocklitz T. W. , Cialla-May D. , Popp J.
Published: February 2017

The review provides an overview of the development in the field of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy combined with microfluidic platforms.
Spin splitting and reemergence of charge compensation in monolayer WTe2by 3d transition-metal adsorption
Authors: Song Yan , Wang Xiaocha , Mi Wenbo
Published: February 2017

Transition-metal adsorption effectively modifies the intrinsic properties of monolayer WTe2, where the electron–hole pockets reemerge with Ni adatom.
Chemistry of CS2- and SCNPh-adducts of the pyramidal phosphinidene-bridged complex [Mo2Cp(μ–κ1:κ1,η5-PC5H4)(CO)2(η6-HMes*)(PMe3)]
Authors: Albuerne Isabel G. , Alvarez M. Angeles , García M. Esther , García-Vivó Daniel , Ruiz Miguel A.
Published: February 2017

Heterocumulene insertion into the metallocene Mo–P bond of the title complex enables further addition of different electrophiles at the P, S or N sites.
Cellulose nanocrystals by acid vapour: towards more effortless isolation of cellulose nanocrystals
Authors: Lorenz Marcel , Sattler Stefan , Reza Mehedi , Bismarck Alexander , Kontturi Eero
Published: February 2017

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are topical in materials science but their full potential is yet to be fulfilled because of bottlenecks in the production: the process consumes huge amounts of water, recycling the strong acid catalyst is difficult, and purification steps are cumbersome, particularly with lengthy dialysis. Production of CNCs with HCl vapour overcomes many of these difficulties but the dispersion of CNCs from the already hydrolysed fibre matrix is a formidable challenge. This study is a fundamental effort to explore very basic means to facilitate CNC dispersion from cotton linter fibres (filter paper), hydrolysed to levelling off degree of polymerization by HCl vapour. The introduction of carboxylic groups on the cellulose crystal surface proved the most efficient method to alleviate dispersion with good yields (ca.50%) and a provisional possibility to tune the CNC length. By contrast, attempts to directly disperse untreated hydrolysed fibres in various organic solvents and aqueous surfactant solutions were unsuccessful. The results showed that hydrolysis of native cellulose fibres by HCl vapour is indeed a viable method for producing CNCs but it has more potential as a pre-treatment step rather than a full-fledged process on its own.
Porous polymeric materials by 3D printing of photocurable resin
Authors: Mu X. , Bertron T. , Dunn C. , Qiao H. , Wu J. , Zhao Z. , Saldana C. , Qi H. J.
Published: February 2017

A method for 3D printing of complicated structures using a photopolymer with high porosity was developed.
pH effects in the acetaldehyde–ammonia reaction
Authors: Moioli Emanuele , Schmid Leo , Wasserscheid Peter , Freund Hannsjörg
Published: February 2017

The pH dependency of the reaction of acetaldehyde and ammonia to form the acetaldehyde-ammonia trimer has been studied in detail.
Le sport et l’esthétique du corps dans les pays totalitaires
Authors: Wolf-Fédida Mareike , Radtchenko-Draillard Svetlana
Published: February 2017

Le but de l’article est d’étudier l’impact des idéologies totalitaires sur les pratiques sportives. Selon notre hypothèse, les activités sportives dans des pays totalitaires correspondent à des actions collectives, qui combinent les apports ambivalents de la foule et permettent d’explorer différentes tendances psychosociologiques : compétition, coopération, obéissance, identification, etc. L’analyse comparée dans les trois pays (Allemagne, Italie, URSS), qui étaient sous les régimes totalitaires, démontre la place du sport comme étant à la fois un produit esthétique du corps humain et un producteur de l’image du « nouveau monde », nécessaire pour promouvoir leurs idéologies. Le caractère a priori unifiant est à l’opposé de ce qu’on observe dans la pathologie des états limites, assimilés à l’individualisme et au signe de la modernisation.
The initial vortex aloft and helical structure near the surface
Authors: Elikashvili A. , Gedalin M. , Golbraikh E.
Published: February 2017

Formation of the helical vortices in different media is an important hydrodynamic problem. To study the evolution of the initial vortex aloft, we use a simple axisymmetric hydrodynamic model. The control parameters of the model are the initial height of the vortex and the turbulent Reynolds number. Simulations show that a vortex having initially only an azimuthal component of velocity is converted into a helical vortex. The initial vorticity drifts downwards to the surface. An external energy source is not included into the model for supporting the initial vortex, so that the energy of the system decreases with time. At sufficiently high turbulent Reynolds numbers, there is enough time to form an intense helical structure near the surface.
Weighted estimates for generalized steady Stokes systems in nonsmooth domains
Authors: Byun Sun-Sig , So Hyoungsuk
Published: February 2017

We consider a generalized steady Stokes system with discontinuous coefficients in a nonsmooth domain when the inhomogeneous term belongs to a weighted Lq space for 2<q<∞. We prove the global weighted Lq-estimates for the gradient of the weak solution and an associated pressure under the assumptions that the coefficients have small bounded mean oscillation semi-norms and the domain is sufficiently flat in the Reifenberg sense. On the other hand, a given weight is assumed to belong to a Muckenhoupt class. Our result generalizes the global W1.q estimate of Calderón-Zygmund with respect to the Lebesgue measure for the Stokes system in a Lipschitz domain.
Instabilities of vibroequilibria in rectangular containers
Authors: Fernández J. , Tinao I. , Porter J. , Laverón-Simavilla A.
Published: February 2017

Vibroequilibria theory, based on minimizing an averaged energy functional, predicts the quasi-equilibrium shape that a fluid volume will take when subjected to high-frequency vibrations. Here we present a detailed comparison of the predictions of vibroequilibria theory with the results of direct numerical simulations in horizontally vibrated rectangular containers, finding very good agreement over a range of parameters. The calculations also reveal an important difference in the behavior between small and large fluid volumes. With dimensionless volume larger than about 0.36, the symmetric vibroequilibria solution suffers a saddle-node instability prior to contact with the container bottom. This saddle-node bifurcation is analyzed using a simplified family of surfaces and shown to persist when gravity is included. Finally, an investigation of dynamic effects is presented, where a strong correlation is found between modulated subharmonic surface waves and the first odd sloshing mode. At large enough amplitude, this sloshing destroys the underlying vibroequilibria state and thus represents a possible instability for vibroequilibria in low viscosity fluids.
Labyrinthine instabilities of miscible magnetic fluids in a rotating Hele-Shaw cell
Authors: Chen Mei-Yu , Chen Li-Que , Li Huanhao , Wen Chih-Yung
Published: February 2017

This study presents the first experimental results of confining miscible magnetic fluids in a rotating Hele-Shaw cell. Variations in the prominence of labyrinthine instabilities are observed under a range of experimental conditions, with different magnetic field strengths, gap depths, and rotation speeds. These instabilities are characterized by two modified Péclect numbers, namely, Pem (the ratio of the characteristic magnetic advection rate and the diffusion rate) and Pec (the ratio of characteristic rotation advection and the diffusion rate). The magnetic effect is characterized by dipolar repulsion, which triggers a distinctive fingering pattern differing from the progressive diffusion pattern that occurs without magnetic fields or rotation. Under the same rotation speed, the magnetoviscous effect will hinder the growth rate of the magnetic drops at the later stage. However, both the rotation effect and the gap depth greatly enhance the growth rate of the magnetic drops, as these conditions help to intensify the labyrinthine instabilities. In contrast, the countering pressure gradient produces an opposite force that constrains the trend toward expansion. Two major phases in the growth of instabilities are defined: a magnetization phase and a rotation phase, which are dominated by the magnetic and the rotation effect, respectively. The significance of the rotation effect is confirmed by the linear regression between the rotation growth rate and Pec. Finally, main fingering structures that evolve from the secondary waves are verified as having a wavelength λ to gap depth h relation of λ≈(7±1)h.
Importance of the tail corrections on surface tension of curved liquid-vapor interfaces
Authors: Ghoufi Aziz , Malfreyt Patrice
Published: February 2017

We report molecular simulations of the liquid-vapor cylindrical interface of methane. We apply the truncated Lennard-Jones potential and specific long-range corrections for the surface tension developed especially for cylindrical interfaces. We investigate the impact of the cutoff on the radial density profile, the intrinsic and long-range correction parts to the surface tension, and Tolman length. We also study the curvature dependence of the surface tension as a function of the cutoff used. In this work we shed light that both density and Tolman length are cutoff-dependent whereas the total surface tension is slightly curvature and cutoff dependent.
Evaluating continuum solvation models for the electrode-electrolyte interface: Challenges and strategies for improvement
Authors: Sundararaman Ravishankar , Schwarz Kathleen
Published: February 2017

Ab initio modeling of electrochemical systems is becoming a key tool for understanding and predicting electrochemical behavior. Development and careful benchmarking of computational electrochemical methods are essential to ensure their accuracy. Here, using charging curves for an electrode in the presence of an inert aqueous electrolyte, we demonstrate that most continuum models, which are parameterized and benchmarked for molecules, anions, and cations in solution, undersolvate metal surfaces, and underestimate the surface charge as a function of applied potential. We examine features of the electrolyte and interface that are captured by these models and identify improvements necessary for realistic electrochemical calculations of metal surfaces. Finally, we reparameterize popular solvation models using the surface charge of Ag(100) as a function of voltage to find improved accuracy for metal surfaces without significant change in utility for molecular and ionic solvation.
Nonparaxial scalar Airy light-sheets and their higher-order spatial derivatives
Authors: Mitri F. G.
Published: February 2017

Based on the angular spectrum decomposition method in plane waves, a generalized nonparaxial analytical solution for the electric field of a transverse electric Airy light-sheet including its spatial derivatives is formulated and presented. The beam-shape coefficients are expressed by an improper integral, which includes the generation of evanescent waves. The radiated component of the field is computed, and the cross-sectional plots display unique features of the nonparaxial Airy light-sheet and its higher-order derivatives. The results find important applications in predicting/computing the optical scattering, radiation force, and torque on an object using the multipole expansion method in cylindrical coordinates and particle dynamics.
Additively manufactured metallic pentamode meta-materials
Authors: Hedayati R. , Leeflang A. M. , Zadpoor A. A.
Published: February 2017

Mechanical metamaterials exhibit unusual mechanical properties that originate from their topological design. Pentamode metamaterials are particularly interesting because they could be designed to possess any thermodynamically admissible elasticity tensor. In this study, we additively manufacture the metallic pentamode metamaterials from a biocompatible and mechanically strong titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) using an energy distribution method developed for the powder bed fusion techniques. The mechanical properties of the developed materials were a few orders of magnitude higher than those of the similar topologies fabricated previously from polymers. Moreover, the elastic modulus and yield stress of the presented pentamode metamaterials were decoupled from their relative density, meaning that the metallic meta-biomaterials with independently tailored elastic and mass transport (permeability) properties could be designed for tissue regeneration purposes.
Genetic structure of Gahnia radula (Cyperaceae), a key sedge for revegetation
Authors: Arnold Alex , Kodym Andrea , Endersby-Harshman Nancy M. , Delpratt John , Hoffmann Ary A.
Published: February 2017

Genetic studies can help guide effective ecological restoration by identifying potential source populations that contain the genetic variation necessary for adaptive potential, based on past landscape processes. Here we investigate genetic patterns in Gahnia radula (R.Br.) Benth., a sedge from south-eastern Australia that has potential for revegetation of disturbed areas. We developed microsatellite markers for this species and used them to show that it propagates mostly in a clonal manner. Levels of genetic variability differed between populations and the spatial scale of this variability within these populations is identified. A population used in recent restoration efforts and which sets seed has a particularly high level of variability. Recommendations are developed for sourcing material when using this sedge for revegetation.
androgyny
Authors: Brisson Luc
Published: February 2017

In the modern use, “bisexuality” refers to sexual object choice, whereas “androgyny” refers to sexual identity. In ancient Greece and Rome, however, these terms sometimes refer to human beings born with characteristics of both sexes, and more frequently to an adult male who plays the role of a woman, or to a woman who has the appearance of a man, both physically and morally. In mythology, having both sexes simultaneously or successively characterises, on the one hand, the first human beings, animals, or even plants from which arose male and female, and on the other, mediators between human beings and gods, the living and the dead, men and women, past and future, and human generations. Thus androgyny and bisexuality were used as a tools to cope with one’s biological, social, and even fictitious environment.
Computational modeling of in vivo and in vitro protein-DNA interactions by multiple instance learning
Authors: Gao Zhen , Ruan Jianhua
Published: February 2017

Motivation

The study of transcriptional regulation is still difficult yet fundamental in molecular biology research. While the development of both in vivo and in vitro profiling techniques have significantly enhanced our knowledge of transcription factor (TF)-DNA interactions, computational models of TF-DNA interactions are relatively simple and may not reveal sufficient biological insight. In particular, supervised learning based models for TF-DNA interactions attempt to map sequence-level features (k-mers) to binding event but usually ignore the location of k-mers, which can cause data fragmentation and consequently inferior model performance.

Results

Here, we propose a novel algorithm based on the so-called multiple-instance learning (MIL) paradigm. MIL breaks each DNA sequence into multiple overlapping subsequences and models each subsequence separately, therefore implicitly takes into consideration binding site locations, resulting in both higher accuracy and better interpretability of the models. The result from both in vivo and in vitro TF-DNA interaction data show that our approach significantly outperform conventional single-instance learning based algorithms. Importantly, the models learned from in vitro data using our approach can predict in vivo binding with very good accuracy. In addition, the location information obtained by our method provides additional insight for motif finding results from ChIP-Seq data. Finally, our approach can be easily combined with other state-of-the-art TF-DNA interaction modeling methods.

Availability and Implementation

http://www.cs.utsa.edu/∼jruan/MIL/

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Immigration and International Relations
Authors: Johnson Heather
Published: February 2017

The study of immigration/migration in international relations (IR) is, in many ways, a latecomer to the discipline. This is perhaps no great surprise, as the discipline has traditionally focused on questions of stability and war in the international system. However, there are many ways that international migration intersects directly with IR, even traditionally defined, and this has driven a growing body of scholarship. First, migration is itself a function of the international system of states. Without states, there are no borders to cross and it is the crossing of borders that remains at the heart of the politics of migration: who crosses, how, where, and why, are the operative issues at the heart of policymaking, debate, and practice in migration. This also places the state at the heart of much of the analysis; the ability to control borders is at the core of questions of state sovereignty. It is state action, regulation, and law, therefore, that shape and determine much international migration. As many critical scholars have pointed out, however, migrants themselves also have agency and autonomy; their movements are not simply reactive to state policy and practice, but determine its direction. Here, then, we see a manifestation of one of the foundational debates of world politics: which actors have power, and how that power is understood. Further, international migration by its very definition involves more than one state, calling attention to interstate relations, and to questions of bilateral and multilateral cooperation. The emergence of key international institutions, such as the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the International Organisation for Migration (IOM), and the International Labour Organisation (ILO), also brings us questions of institutional power (often versus state power), and of the development of international regimes. Migration studies is located at the intersection of several different disciplines and fields of study. Particularly in critical scholarship, work in geography, sociology, anthropology, political and social theory, economics, and cultural studies have all influenced, and been influenced by, work in IR. Within IR, the key issues of analysis that emerge are a focus on international regulatory frameworks and regimes, issues of governance, questions of cooperation, and the intersections between migration and security. Although IR has often been accused of a Euro- or Western-centric scholarship, important alternative voices emerge within migration studies, and they are represented particularly in scholarship that focuses on refugees and asylum issues.
Account ownership and use of financial services among individuals
Authors: Wale Letenah Ejigu , Makina Daniel
Published: February 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to understand the effect of individual characteristics (such as sex, age, education and income) on the likelihood of account ownership and use in selected Sub-Saharan African (SSA) economies. Account use is operationalized into two constructs namely the use of account to save and the frequency of account use.

Design/methodology/approach

Data from 18,000 individuals from 18 SSA economies are used for the analysis. These data are sourced from the World Bank’s Global Findex database. Simple probit and selection models are employed as econometric tools.

Findings

Account ownership and use is found to be higher among males, middle aged, high income and educated individuals. The marginal effect of income and education is most pronounced suggesting more policy attention is required in respect of the two factors.

Practical implications

Due to causality issues between financial inclusion and income, addressing the plight of the poor in financial inclusion projects will be a continuing challenge for policy makers.

Originality/value

It supplements the dearth of econometric studies conducted on the topic. Furthermore, regional specific factors affect the generality of results which calls for such type of studies.
Electric appliance advertising: the role of the Good Housekeeping Institute
Authors: Paulson Erika L. , Schramm Mary E.
Published: February 2017

Purpose

This paper aims to explore how home economists, employed by the Good Housekeeping Institute, may have influenced the use of principles from the home economics movement in advertising appeals for electric appliances.

Design/methodology/approach

A content analysis of more than 400 print advertisements from Good Housekeeping magazine, from 1916 to 1929, was conducted to determine whether manufacturers used appeals derived from the home economics movement in their advertising. Then, the Good Housekeeping Institute’s history is explored to suggest how its relationship with manufacturers may have resulted in the use of the home economics movement’s principles in advertising appeals for electric appliances.

Findings

The content analysis shows that principles of the home economics movement appeared in advertising appeals for electric appliances in advertisements placed in Good Housekeeping magazine during the period studied. Through its unique relationships with electric appliance manufacturers, the Good Housekeeping Institute seems to have taught manufacturers how to position electric appliances by incorporating the principles of the home economics movement in their advertising appeals.

Practical implications

This research demonstrates how a commercial organization successfully navigated its relationships with manufacturers and consumers for mutual benefit.

Originality/value

This work is the first to link the Good Housekeeping Institute’s work with manufacturers to its influence on advertising appeals. This work also expands understanding of the influence of women on marketing practice. Existing literature on women’s publications is also broadened by analyzing Good Housekeeping, rather than the more frequently studied Ladies’ Home Journal.
Paprika Schlesinger
Authors: Hawkins Richard A.
Published: February 2017

Purpose

This paper explores the development of a luxury retail shoe brand inBelle ÉpoqueVienna.

Design/methodology/approach

Footwear retailing and marketing history is a neglected area. Unfortunately, no business records have survived from Robert Schlesinger’s shoe stores. However, it has been possible to reconstruct the history of the development of the Paprika Schlesinger brand from its extensive advertising in the Viennese newspaper, theNeue Freie Presse, with the guidance of the founder’s grandson, Prof Robert A. Shaw, Emeritus Professor of Chemistry, Birkbeck, University of London, England. This case study would not have been possible without the digitization of some major collections of primary sources. In 2014, the European Union’sEuropeanadigitization initiative launched a new portal via the Library of Europe website which provides access to selected digitized historic newspaper collections in libraries across Europe. The project partners include the Austrian National Library which has digitized full runs of several major historic Austrian newspapers, including theNeue Freie Presse. Other project partners which have digitized historic newspapers which are relevant to this paper are the Landesbibliothek Dr Friedrich Teßmann of Italy’s Südtirol region, the National Library of France and the Berlin State Library. An associate project partner library, the Slovenian National and University Library’s Digital Library of Slovenia, has also digitized relevant historic newspapers. Furthermore, the City of Vienna has digitized a complete set of Vienna city directories as part of its Wienbibliothek Digital project.

Findings

This paper suggests that Robert Schlesinger created one of the first European luxury retail shoe brands.

Originality/value

This is the first academic study of the historical development of the advertising and marketing of a European luxury retail shoe brand.