bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Placental thickness: A Sonographic Indicator of Gestational Age in Normal Singleton Pregnancies
Authors: Basnet Prabhat , Adhikary Riddhi
Published: December 2020

Background: Presently the most effective way to date pregnancy is by use of ultrasound. Several sonographically derived fetal parameters used to date pregnancy include fetal crown - rump length (CRL), biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), femur length (FL),and abdominal circumference (AC). Placental thickness measured at the level of the umbilical cord insertion can be used as a new parameter to estimate gestational age of the fetus. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the relationship between placental thickness and gestational age of the fetus. Methods:  Cross-sectional study was conducted in the College of Medical Science and Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal among 150 patients with normal singleton pregnancies presenting for routine antenatal visit of all gestational ages from 11 weeks to 40 weeks. Patients with pregnancy induced hypertension, diabetes mellitus, intrauterine growth retardation, hydrops foetalis, congenital malformation and twins are excluded. Placental thickness value, in mm, was calculated by averaging the three best measurements for each case. We studied the relationship of placental thickness, in mm, measured at the level of insertion of umbilical cord with advancing gestational age in weeks. Correlation of mean placental thickness with gestational age from 11 weeks to 40 weeks was calculated. Results: It was observed that the placental thickness gradually increased from approximately 11 mm at 11 weeks to 38.33 mm at 40 weeks of gestation. From 11 to 34 weeks of gestation, the placental thickness (in mm) almost matched the gestational age in weeks, thereafter from 35 to 40 weeks; the placental thickness was lower by 1 to 2 mm. Conclusion: The relationship between the placental thickness and gestational age was linear and direct. Placental thickness (in mm) measurement can be an important additional parameter for estimating gestational age along with other parameters especially from 11 to 34 weeks of gestation.
Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Secondary School Students of Bharatpur-10.
Authors: Panthi Srijana , Upadhyaya Hari Prasad , Prasai Neeti , Prasai Meera , Pathak Priya
Published: December 2020

Background: Obesity is one of the major public health problems worldwide. The trend has been increasing in lower socioeconomic country like Nepal. Obesity and overweight are prevalent in all age groups and responsible for various health issues. Children and adolescent group are more vulnerable in developing countries like ours. So, this study is aimed to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among secondary school students of Bharatpur-10.                  

Methods: It was a cross-sectional study done on class 9 and10 (Two private and two government secondary schools) of Bharatpur-10 Municipality, Chitwan. A predesigned questionnaire was distributed among the students. Weight was recorded by standardized weighing machine and height by metallic measuring tape. Body mass index was calculated by appropriate formula.

Results: There were 266 students (55.6% male and 44.6% female) in this study with the mean age of 14.91 years and majority (74.8%) were in age group 13-15 years. 9.77% students were overweight and 3% obese; overweight was prevalent in 8% male and 18% female students, and 6% public and 20% private school students. Students who take snacks during watching television were significantly overweight as compared to those who do not (13.33% vs 6.11%). There was no significant association between overweight and ethnicity/religion, type of family, number of siblings, family history of diabetes, socioeconomic status, food consumption frequency, hours of watching TV or not involving in physical activities in school.

Conclusions: This study found a relatively high prevalence of overweight among female students of 13-15 years age group from private school. Also eating snacks during watching television is associated with a higher BMI.
A Study on Home Safety Practices to Prevent Childhood Injuries Among Mothers
Authors: Avabratha Kadke Shreedhara , Chunduri Sujatha , Shenoy Kudpi Varadaraj
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Most unintentional injuries in children occur at home and many are preventable. Mothers and family’s role in injury prevention is very important. We intended to study the role of home safety practices in prevention of childhood injuries.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done using a questionnaire. Mothers of children aged one to five years were assessed about home safety practices to prevent childhood injuries. Questionnaire included personal data about the participants such as age, occupation, education, family size and number of children. Safety practices followed by mothers to prevent six types of injuries namely burn, cut, fall, drowning, poisoning and choking were noted.

Results: Of the 150 mothers interviewed, 104 were aged below 30 years, 88 were educated up to high school and 130 were housewives. Thirty mothers reported some kind of injury sustained by their children, of which twenty-one were falls. Among precautionary measures mother – behaviour safety initiatives e.g. checking the hot water temperature (88%) or not  leaving child alone (92%) got better responses than passive or environmental modifications e.g. using electrical – outlet protection (44%), staircase gates (52%). Overall safety practices were reasonably good with the majority scoring above 50%. Age, education, number of children, occupation of the mother, child age and history of injury did not correlate with the level of safety practices.

Conclusions: Mothers’ home safety practices to prevent childhood injuries were relatively better in majority of the study population. Mother’s age, educational level, occupation, number of children, child’s age and history of injury did not affect how mother and her family practiced safety measures.
Epidemiological and Clinical Profile of COVID-19 in Nepali Children: An Initial Experience
Authors: Sharma Arun K , Chapagain Ram H , Bista Krishna P , Bohara Roma , Chand Bharat , Chaudhary Nanda K , Mishra Pradip , Shrestha Sandeep , Rana Netra , Singh Jamun , Baseula Yuba Nidhi , Sharma Yog Raj , Sharma Samana , Ghimire Sunita
Published: December 2020

Introduction: COVID-19 has spread all around the world with huge toll of human lives and suffering since it evolved in China. Nepal had slow rise in morbidity due to COVID 19 in early days but has been gripped by the pandemic's exponential growth lately. This study was conducted with the aim to describe the clinical and epidemiological features of Nepali children in early phase of the pandemic.

Methods: This was an observational study conducted at 11 COVID care centres designated by the Government of Nepal with availability of supervision by paediatricians between January and August 2020 in children under 18 years of age diagnosed with COVID 19. Data was collected based on definitions outlined in data collection resources available at WHO-ISARIC Global COVID-19 clinical resources platform and analysed.

Results: One hundred and twenty one children diagnosed with COVID 19 who presented to the designated centres were enrolled. Majority of children (83.4%) were identified as a part of contact tracing, 28.1% had an identified contact to a person with COVID 19 prior to their diagnosis and 20.7% had another household member diagnosed with COVID 19. The mean age of admitted children was 8.8 years (SD 5.6 years) with the largest proportion being adolescents (40.5%).  Male (58.7%) children were more commonly affected. There were 15 (12.4%) infants and 8 (6%) of them were under two months of age. Most children (87, 71.9%) were asymptomatic, 21 (22.3%) had mild symptoms and six (4.9%) had moderately severe symptoms. Fever (18.2%) was the most commonly reported symptom. All children were discharged after a median of 14 days of hospitalisation.

Conclusions: Nepali children of all ages are affected by COVID 19 and present with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic infection. Fever and respiratory symptoms are the most commonly reported symptoms.  Most children do not develop complications. Continued surveillance in larger population of children as the pandemic unfolds will generate more stringent observations.
4. Grandparents in the Bronze Age?
Authors: Appleby Jo
Published: December 2020

Evolutionary biology and ethnographic analogy suggest that grandparenting has been critical to the development of human life history and may even explain modern human longevity. However, the roles and functions of grandparents have not previously been investigated in later prehistoric contexts. Ethnographic studies show that grandparents take on an extremely wide range of roles worldwide, whether this is teaching knowledge and skills, providing childcare, or even taking on parental roles and titles. In many cases, grandparents play a critical role in the support and socialization of children. Understanding the roles of grandparents thus has the potential to transform our understanding of prehistoric household and family structures. Through a case study of the Early Bronze Age Traisental in Austria, I explore potential methods for identification of grandparents in the past, and consider the effects of social formations on grandparenting.
PENGARUH PERENCANAAN PAJAK DAN BEBAN PAJAK TANGGUHAN TERHADAP MANAJEMEN LABA
Authors: Sules Jayanti  , M. Sodik  , Hartini P. P
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh perencanaan pajak dan beban pajak tangguhan terhadap manajemen laba. Obyek dalam penelitian ini adalah 120 laporan keuangan tahunan perusahaan property dan real estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI), periode pengamatan 5 tahun, mulai tahun 2014 sampai dengan tahun 2018. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah data sekunder diperoleh melalui situs resmi BEI yaitu, www.idx.co.id. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling, metode analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan regresi logistik biner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, perencanaan pajak memiliki pengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap manajemen laba. Berbeda dengan beban pajak tangguhan berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap manajemen laba. Artinya, peningkatan perencanaan pajak tidak mempengaruhi peningkatan peluang perusahaan dalam melakukan manajemen laba dalam bidang perpajakan dan beban pajak tangguhan mempengaruhi peningkatan peluang serta probabilitas perusahaan dalam melakukan manajemen laba. Selain itu, hasil pada statistik deskriptif menunjukkan kemungkinan terjadinya manajemen laba dengan tujuan menghindari penurunan laba.
Tony van Bridge. Also In the Cast: The Memoirs of Tony van Bridge
Authors: Gardner David
Published: December 2020

During rehearsals for the Manitoba Theatre Centre's 1998 production of The Crucible, Martha Henry and I had a lively discussion about the enshrining of Canadian entertainment personalities in books. Martha deplored that we had so few, "Maybe 20." And I countered, "We're doing better" and came up with a list of 50, drawn from memory. Remembering that conversation, I went to my library today and was startled to discover that I actually have (or know about) not 50, but 154 Canadian biographical works! Are we losing some of that doleful reticence? Or, in answer to Denis Johnston's provocative editorial query in A 1001 First Nights, are there really some famous Canadian actors after all?
Nakai: A Northern Theater
Authors: D'Aeth Eve
Published: December 2020

This paper relates the history of Yukon's Nakai, a small theatre group, from its inception in 1979 to 1999. It focuses on those elements that contribute to Nakai's Northern-ness: its geographic location and relatively small population base; the personalities of those who molded it; and its development of works that originate from and deal with contact between aboriginal and non-aboriginal people and traditions. The significance of Nakai is in its Northern perceptions of issues that, while not confined to the North, are particularly apparent in a Northern context.
Helen Gilbert. (Post)Colonial Stages: Critical and Creative Views on Drama, Theatre and Performance
Authors: Hurley Erin
Published: December 2020

(Post)Colonial Stages is a much-needed collection in a burgeoning field which is, as yet, under-published. Ambitious in its geographical coverage and eclectic in its objects of study and critical approaches, the collection gathers essays from many of the leading postcolonial theatre scholars and playwrights working in the anglophone world. Essay subjects range from nineteenth-century Bengali theatre to the welcoming ceremony of the 1994 Commonwealth Games, from New-Zealand dance-theatre to Nigerian drama. Excerpts from the hard to find performance texts of Jamaica's Sistren theatre collective, Singapore playwright Chin Woon Ping, and American-Indian playwright, William Yellow Robe, Jr., demonstrate a range of creative responses to varying postcolonial conditions including collective creation, episodic dramaturgy, and dramatic realism. Judiciously chosen and excerpted, each performance text develops its own critical language.
Life Without Instruction: Artemisia, and the Lessons of Perspective
Authors: Grace Sherrill
Published: December 2020

Peu de choses ont été écrites sur Artemesia Gentileschi, une peintre italienne du XVIIe siècle, depuis que des féministes historiennes de l’art l’ont redécouverte au cours des années 1970. Life Without Instruction, une pièce écrite par Sally Clark en 1994, est une importante illustration de la façon que l’on s’est réapproprié Gentileschi aujourd’hui. Dans cet article,Grace examine les sources utilisées par Clark, analyse la pièce en tant que texte et représentation, puis inscrit le personnage de Gentileschi qu’a créé Clark dans le contexte plus vaste de la performance féministe et des figures allégoriques de pittura et poesia
The Portrait of the Artist in Old Age: Gwen Pharis Ringwood's The Lodge
Authors: Day Moira
Published: December 2020

The Lodge, une des dernières comédies écrites par Ringwood, conclut avec une fête de famille organisée pour souligner l’anniversaire de la grand-mère Jasmine. Pour la matriarche adorée, dotée d’un penchant pour les arts, la célébration est un jugement, un vigile; avec sa famille, elle se demande quelle valeur et quelle identité—humaine, artistique, économique—sont la sienne dans son vieil âge. Ne sommes-nous en fin de compte rien de plus qu’ « un morceau de porcelaine cassé, toutes les pièces toujours là mais plus assemblées »? Notre vie est-elle traversée par des fils psychiques ou artistiques plus grands qui tissent « les objets divers et les bouts assortis de toute une vie » pour en faire un récit personnel plus important?
Regiments of the Theatre: Reenactment in Theatre and Military Culture
Authors: Filewod Alan
Published: December 2020

La reconstitution militaire, discipline en émergence, révèle un champ d’exercice dans lequel le monde du théâtre et la culture militaire convergent. C’est à la fois la militarisation du théâtre et la théâtralisation de l’armée, un théâtre sans salle et une armée sans pouvoir. La reconstitution militaire souligne une grande affinité entre les mécanismes de démarcation des frontières à l’oeuvre dans le monde de l’armée et du théâtre. Ceci suggère que la reconstitution n’est pas qu’une convergence moderne de l’armée et du théâtre, et que ces deux mondes ont des affinités historiques plus profondes, puisant leur origine dans l’organisation sociale et l’affichage masculiniste (et souvent exclusivement masculine). En examinant la pratique contemporaine de la reconstitution, nous constatons que le théâtre et l’armée relèvent d’un seul et même monde et qu’il sont tous deux chargés de constituer la nation et de l’ériger en monument. Le théâtre est une armée qui ne tue pas, et l’armée est un théâtre où l’on tue.
Introduction
Authors: Barton Bruce
Published: December 2020

With this double issue Theatre Research in Canada will have produced three years of publication in fifteen months. Following the mid-year distribution of the next issue—the last of four consecutive double-issues, a theme volume focusing on Atlantic Canadian Theatre and Drama—the journal will once again be up to date, and we will return to the traditional publication schedule of two single issues per year. This pace, combined with the rate of change in terms of administration, orientation, and design, has been both daunting and energizing. This general issue aptly demonstrates these evolving and expanding parameters, boasting a further increase in visual documentation and conspicuous diversity in subject matter, theoretical approach, and critical perspective.
In the Habit of Independence: Cross-border Politics and Feminism in Two World War I Plays by Sister Mary Agnes
Authors: Bird Kym
Published: December 2020

This article examines the life and playwriting of Sister MaryAgnes who wrote a large oeuvre of plays, largely for girls,while living and working in Winnipeg’s St. Mary’s Academy between 1909 and 1928. It examines her biography, religious order, and professional work in order to elucidate the bold political positions expressed in two of her plays,“A Patriot’s Daughter” and The Red Cross Helpers: A Patriotic Play. It endeavours to answer the question,what made it possible for a Catholic nun living in the heavily charged political environment of Winnipeg at the time of the First World War to express views that were contrary to that political environment and to do so in plays for young high school girls?
Présentation
Authors: Beavis Mary Ann , Day Moira
Published: December 2020

Ce numéro sur la religion et le théâtre au Canada est le résultat d’un appel à communications lancé en 2005 parMoiraDay du département d’art dramatique de l’Université de la Saskatchewan et parMaryAnn Beavis du département des sciences religieuses et d’anthropologie du collège St. Thomas More. Liée à la spiritualité de l’être humain, orientée vers le divin et le sacré, lieu d’accueil de certaines traditions, philosophies et théologies religieuses, la religion est également conçue comme étant le site de l’expression de la spiritualité par le rite, le culte, la dévotion et l’expérience mythique. Le théâtre, quant à lui, est défini tout aussi largement comme étant lié à la création de matériel théâtral et à la réalisation d’une production devant un public. Il peut s’agir de théâtre amateur, pédagogique ou professionnel et englober les activités para-théâtrales et les textes dramatiques (le théâtre qui ne s’avoue pas, aussi), la dramaturgie, l’interprétation, la mise en scène, la scénographie, l’architecture, l’étude du public et la gestion du théâtre. En proposant le thème de ce numéro, nos rédactrices souhaitaient explorer les lieux dynamiques où se croisent la religion et le théâtre canadien d’hier et d’aujourd’hui et les étudier en tant que réalité géographique, humaine et conceptuelle.
Theatre Pedagogy and Performed Research: Respectful Forgeries and Faithful Betrayals
Authors: Gallagher Kathleen
Published: December 2020

Proponents of theatre-based research presentations—called, variously, performed ethnography, ethnodrama, arts-based research—often argue that knowledge is both presented and disseminatedmore powerfully and effectively than is the case with the conventional research report, scholarly article, or book. This article looks at some of the ways in which this kind of performance works on us aesthetically and pedagogically. And ethically, the author suggests that performances of qualitative researchmight be productively understood as respectful forgeries and faithful betrayals. While theatre might hold exciting possibilities for critical teacher development, the author also raises some important questions about the implications of this kind of work for the preparation of (drama) teachers.
On Being or Becoming a Secondary School Drama/theatre Teacher in a Linguistic Minority Context
Authors: Théberge Mariette
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study is to reflect upon what it means to be or to become a secondary school drama/theatre teacher in a linguistic minority context such as the one in francophone Ontario. The conceptual framework is inspired byMucchielli’s concept of identity (14) andDeci andRyan’s self-determination theory (9-22,preface) and is based on the conception of the teacher as conveyor of culture (Zakhartchouk 19-20, ch. 1; Gohier 233). Acknowledging the gap that may exist between the passion for theatre and the reality of the classroom, this study allows us to question the motivation that underlies the choice of this profession. The analysis of results emphasizes the extent to which the support of the school and school board administration is a determining factor in the decision to pursue a career in this profession and in this artistic discipline.
Legion of Memory: Performance at Branch 51
Authors: Bennett Melanie
Published: December 2020

Legion of Memory is a site-specific performance co-created by Melanie Bennett and Andrew Houston, which was staged in an abandoned legion hall in downtown Kitchener,Ontario.Launched in June 2006 and remounted in April 2007, Legion of Memory attempts to animate the cultural displacement of the war veteran and refugee, while also exploring issues surrounding war memorials in Canada today.
Introduction
Authors: Levin Laura , Houston Andy
Published: December 2020

This issue brings together recent scholarship on the topic of space in Canadian performance, with a particular focus on intersections of space and subjectivity. Each article contributes to vibrant conversations that are taking place in theatre and performance studies, which ask how the spaces of performance can serve as productive locations for testing out the limits of self in the contemporary world.
Le théâtre à Ottawa 1870-1880 : femmes s’abstenir
Authors: O’Neill-Karch Mariel
Published: December 2020

Le théâtre produit à Ottawa entre 1870 et 1880 était varié, ce qui tenait à sa provenance (théâtre professionnel de tournée, venu des États-Unis, d’Angleterre et de France, ou théâtre amateur local) et à la communauté linguistique à laquelle il s’adressait. À cette époque, la censure ecclésiastique empêchait les femmes de jouer sur la seule scène francophone d’Ottawa, celle de l’Institut canadien-français, à moins qu’il ne s’agisse d’opérette. Malgré cette interdiction, le théâtre présenté en français a pu survivre et divertir un public qui en était friand.
‘Symposia’ in the Drama of trey anthony and Louise Delisle
Authors: Clarke George Elliott
Published: December 2020

Scholars recognize that African-Canadian literature is polyphonous, multicultural, and, in a word, diverse, thanks to its origins in themigration of black intellectuals and artists fromthe Caribbean, the United States, Africa, Europe, and South America, over three centuries, to colonial and (post-)modern Canada.One example of the profoundly divergent orientations among African-Canadian writers is provided by the plays of Louise Delisle and trey anthony. Delisle is an Africadian (African-Nova Scotian) playwright whose Canadian genealogy stretches back two hundred years. Significantly, her work in theatre has been regional, amateurish, and concerned with excavating the Africadian history of her environs. None of her work has enjoyed professional staging. In contrast, anthony is a first-generation immigrant, based in Toronto, whose play, ‘da Kink in my hair, has been an internationally successful major stage play and now a television sitcom, treating black women’s experiences in a contemporary, urban setting. Delisle and anthony could hardly be more different.Yet, this paper argues, their settings—kitchens and beauty parlours—replicate a shared black experience that transcends very real cultural, historical, and geographical cleavages.
Introduction: Performing Intercultural Canada
Authors: Knowles Ric
Published: December 2020

Theatre and performance in the land that is now called Canada, apart fromsacred and still private rituals unique to specific First Nations,has always been intercultural.Even among pre-contact First Nations, ceremonies such as the potlatch among the nations of the west coast were designed to negotiate difference and facilitate trade. Contact itself is easily imagined as performative, as European “explorers” and “discoverers” encountered the (to them) inconvenient existing inhabitants of Turtle Island (a space they preferred to construe as empty) through mutually misunderstood ritual exchange and enacted devastatingly imbalanced, ultimately genocidal versions of one-sided, appropriative interculturalism. Since contact, all public performance in Canada has involved performatively constituting and negotiating subjectivities that have inevitably been displaced, hybrid, or diasporic: between settler/invader cultures and First Nations, among subsequent waves and generations of immigration from increasingly diverse locations—even within and between the dominant, settler/invader cultures themselves.
Michael Macina (1951-2006), In Memoriam
Authors: O’Neill-Karch Mariel
Published: December 2020

Michael Macina was raised in Toronto and graduated in 1973 from Saint Michael’s College with a specialist degree in French and English literature to which he added in 1974, an M.A. in Drama. After more than thirty years in theatre and film, he returned to the University of Toronto’s Graduate Centre for Study of Drama in 2001 and, while battling serious illness and working against the clock, he was in the process of completing a thesis entitled “Institutional Incursions into National Identity: New Play Development in Canada 1970-2000” when he died in 2006. Though I was technically directing this thesis, Michael worked in an unconventional way, treating his work as an organic whole. He was therefore very reluctant to share many pieces, since he was never sure where they would ultimately fit. Part of what I read concerned the transformative power of the theatre experience from the point of view of producer-creators and consumer-audiences. Michael was not looking necessarily for great big mystical moments, considering small moments and small perceptions as equally valid.
Notes from the Editor’s Desk
Authors: Nichols Glen
Published: December 2020

It is with great pleasure that I welcome some new additions to the masthead of Theatre Research in Canada. First off, Erin Hurley has stepped in as the new Book Review Editor for both English and French books as of January 2010. The journal’s review section will be greatly enriched by Erin’s expertise, experience, and enthusiasm. If you have suggestions for books that the journal should review, please contact Erin at McGill University.
The Professionalization of a Stage Naturalist, the Making of a Mythmaker: The Theatre Criticism of Urjo Kareda at the University of Toronto’s Varsity Newspaper
Authors: Whittaker Robin C.
Published: December 2020

The theatre criticism of Urjo Kareda in the Toronto Star offers favoured primary source material for theatre historians evaluating the so-called “alternative theatre” movement in Toronto in the early 1970s. Indeed, it has been argued that theatre activity during these years constitutes a “movement” largely because of Kareda’s engaging writing at the time, which popularly labeled it as “movement” even as it emerged. However, Kareda’s equally engaging writing in the campus weekly newspaper the Varsity in the mid-1960s, while he was a student at the University of Toronto, has been left unexplored. This essay argues that Kareda’s themes, styles, and opinions in that student publication reveal much about the development of his early views on theatre practices and aesthetics in the years prior to the emergence of the alternative theatres, most notably his unwavering preference for neo-Aristotelian stage naturalism and psychological realism, and a dynamic emphasis on Toronto’s theatre ecology. In doing so, it offers connections between undergraduate cultural production and career-minded journalistic theatre writing. And it challenges scholars to rethink the professional researcher’s undervaluation of extra-professional theatre criticism.
What Are We Doing? From History to Research
Authors: Bennett Susan
Published: December 2020

This is a proposal for a genealogical project that takes up the more than thirty years of this journal’s print life. I start, then, with Michel Foucault’s explanation of genealogy, or, at least, with his account of what it is not: “Genealogy does not pretend to go back in time to restore an unbroken continuity that operates beyond the dispersion of forgotten things; its duty is not to demonstrate that the past actively exists in the present, that it continues secretly to animate the present [. . .]. Genealogy does not resemble the evolution of a species and does not map the destiny of a people” (Bouchard 146). So it is with these precepts in mind that I want to argue for a particular kind of critical stocktakingnot just of the journal, but also of the field and of “us.
Theatre / Research / Canada
Authors: Knowles Ric
Published: December 2020

Theatre Studies in Canada is a young field, but already it has come a long way since the founding in the mid-to-late seventies, in rapid succession, of: Canadian Theatre Review (1974); Canadian Drama/L’art dramatique Canadien (1975), later folded into Essays in Theatre/Études théâtrales and later still dissolved; the Association for Canadian Theatre History (1976), subsequently The Association for Canadian Theatre Research, and now the Canadian Association for Theatre Research; and Theatre History in Canada (1980), now Theatre Research in Canada. Behind these name changes are many stories, and behind those stories are many shifts in the understanding of the disciplines and fields that constitute readers of this journal as a community of scholars.
D through Z: Politics in the Making
Authors: Blenkarn Patrick
Published: December 2020

This text is inseparable from the way in which I am striving to create art as a theatremaker. Its words are a part of each production I participate in, for they attempt to set political standards for my work. By “political” I mean to denote the continually in flux process of recognition and individuation of a body within a collective. Therefore, as I understand the concept, the political is not definitively State determined. Political relations, rather, make up a multiplicity of territories—the State is but one of them.
Peanut Response to Seeding Density and Digging Date in the Virginia-Carolina Region
Authors: Oakes J.C. , Balota M. , Jordan D.L. , Hare A.T. , Sadeghpour A.
Published: December 2020

Large-seeded virginia market type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars are common in Virginia and North Carolina, but cost more to plant than runner market type peanut cultivars when the goal is to establish the same plant population. Decreasing seeding density could help growers to reduce production costs, as long as thinner stands do not negatively impact yield and economic return. Selecting the optimum digging time is a decision that could significantly influence growers' production and economics. Field experiments were conducted in Virginia and North Carolina at four site-year environments in 2016 and 2017 to examine the influence of seeding density (109, 143, 180, and 200 thousand seeds/ha) and digging date (130, 140, and 150 days after planting [DAP]) on virginia type peanut cultivar (Bailey, Sullivan, Wynne) performance. Regardless of cultivar and digging date, the greatest pod yield (5930 kg/ha) was achieved from the 200 thousand seeds/ha density, but the 143 thousand seeds/ha density had the highest economic return ($2990/ha). At three of the four site-years, the 140 DAP digging date, i.e. 1400 to 1600 C growing degree days (GDD), produced the greatest pod yield (5470 kg/ha) and had the highest economic return ($2750/ha). While individual site-years should be monitored for digging date, growers should be prepared to dig the currently available cultivars from 1400 to no more than 1600 C accumulated GDD.
Registered Dietitians’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviour Related to Physical Activity and Sedentariness
Authors: Huntington Jessica , Dwyer John J.M. , Shama Sara , Brauer Paula
Published: December 2020

Purpose: To explore knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour related to physical activity (PA) and sedentariness among registered dietitians (RDs) in family health teams in Ontario.

Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study utilized a semi-structured interview guide to conduct qualitative interviews with 20 RDs. Self-administered questionnaires were used to assess personal PA (short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire) and sedentary behaviour (Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire).

Results: Thematic analysis indicated that, in general, participants had good knowledge of PA and sedentariness. They were knowledgeable about the PA guidelines. They had positive attitudes toward PA and nonsedentariness, stating that both are important in the prevention and treatment of chronic conditions. Quantitative analysis indicated they had moderate-to-high PA levels and were fairly sedentary.

Conclusions: This study supports the position that RDs can serve as excellent role models for PA. Though participants had basic knowledge, RDs may benefit from additional education regarding PA and sedentariness when counselling.
Teknik Akupresur untuk Mengatasi Dismenorea: Sebuah Laporan Implementasi Ipteks bagi Masyarakat
Authors: Rahayu Heni Setyowati Esti , Wijayanti Kartika , Wardani Septi
Published: December 2020

Dismenorea merupakan masalah yang paling sering dirasakan oleh remaja putri pada saat menstruasi. Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akupresur merupakan salah satu metode terapi non farmakologi untuk mengatasi dismenorea dengan memijat pada titik-titik meridian. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan menerapkan teknik akupresur untuk mengatasi dismenorea di lingkungan OSIS SMA Muhammadiyah 1 dan SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Kota  Magelang. Metode yang dipakai dalam pengabdian ini dibagi menjadi tiga tahap yaitu persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan penyusunan laporan. Tahap persiapan terdiri dari menyiapkan bahan yang akan dipakai yaitu minyak zaitun dan tisu. Media yang disiapkan  adalah PPT tentang pertumbuhan dan perkembangan remaja, menstruasi dan dismenorea serta akupresur untuk mengatasi dismenorea.  Pada tahap pelaksanaan yaitu memberikan pelatihan kepada 30 remaja putri. Kegiatan pelatihan diawali dengan pretest dan diakhiri dengan posttest yang dilanjutkan dengan pendampingan selama dua bulan.
Optimalisasi Zakat Hasil Pertanian di Dusun Kebondalem, Bandarsedayu, Windusari, Magelang
Authors: Pambuko Zulfikar Bagus , Asyifa Aulia Nurul , Indriastuti Shafa Amalia , Zahidah Zulfa Adzkia , Laela Fitri Nur , Sofia Upi
Published: December 2020

Kegiatan pengabdian ini ditujukan untuk mengedukasi masyarakat tentang kewajiban membayar zakat hasil pertanian. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Dusun Kebondalem, Desa Bandarsedayu, Kecamatan Windusari, Kabupaten Magelang dengan melibatkan jamaah yasinan bapak-bapak dan ibu-ibu. Kegiatan ini menggunakan pendekatan Participatory Rural Appraisal yang dilakukan dengan tiga tahapan, yaitu sosialisasi, pelatihan, dan pendampingan. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah pemahaman masyarakat tentang konsep zakat hasil pertanian telah meningkat dan berkomitmen untuk mengimplementasikannya. Hal ini diketahui dari pengukuran akhir yang dilaksanakan oleh tim bahwa 6 dari 10 pertanyaan yang diajukan telah mampu dijawab sempurna oleh seluruh warga yang mengikuti pelatihan.
Reinforcing Authentic Intimacy?
Authors: Lennes Kostia
Published: December 2020

Drawing on the story of Valentin, one of the key participants of my current research on escort boys and their male clients in Paris, this article offers some reflections on the very meaning of intimacy as it is lived and experienced by this escort boy and his clients in the spectre of COVID-19. As a strict lockdown has been decreed by the French government for two months between March and May 2020, the situation has been somehow indicative of Valentin’s relationship with his clients. The lockdown showed how authentic intimacy, cleared of expected escort performances, arose with even more intensity between Valentin and one of his clients. This article explores the changing nature of their relationship in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Perverse Economies of Intimate and Personal Labour
Authors: Satyogi Pooja
Published: December 2020

In India, the ‘unlock’ period has allowed some domestic workers to return to work; this comes amidst government advisories of greater risk of contagion generally. Drawing on ethnographic work with women domestic workers in the city of Delhi, the article delineates how formalities of social distancing and mask-wearing have begun to inflect personalised labour relationships in ways that entrench existing hierarchies enabled by caste practices. This can be evidenced from a doubling of the idea of contagion – a culturally polluted person rendered even more pestilential because of contagion, but whose service/s are, nonetheless, needed to disinfect the space of the employer’s home. With no data set available for assessing whether caste has been a variable in the spread of the coronavirus pandemic, anthropology will have to take up the responsibility of demonstrating that the latter is indeed a social phenomenon.
Proces nawrócenia św. Augustyna
Authors: Eborowicz Wacław
Published: December 2020

Quomodo S. Augustinus, si de eius intellectu ac spiritu agitur evolvitur, e "Confessionibus" eiusque dialogis lectis patet.
Osiemnastowieczny melodramat o nawróceniu św. Augustyna
Authors: Degórski Bazyli
Published: December 2020

Sotto tale titolo, dopo una breve introduzione, vengono qui pubblicate due opere pcetiche polacche del settecento sulla conversione di Sant’Agostino.
Rzut oka na pneumatologię św. Augustyna
Authors: Eborowicz Wacław
Published: December 2020

Primo loco Sanctus Doctor de Spiritu Sancto Deo docet, contextu e 1. Cor. 1 sumpto quem laudat adiutus.
Nazewnictwo eucharystyczne u św. Augustyna. Aspekt filologiczny
Authors: Wójtowicz Henryk
Published: December 2020

Nomina eucharistica, quae in operibus sancti Augustini habemus, plurima, nobis etiam perutilia, ad res magnas exprimendas apta sunt, varietate nos delectant mentemque nostram movent.
Recepcja św. Augustyna w mariologii Soboru Watykańskiego II
Authors: Napiórkowski Stanisław Celestyn
Published: December 2020

Nel primitivo testo mariologico, preparato per il Concilio Vaticano II da C. Balic, Sant’Agostino completamente non appare.
Uwagi o pracy nad tłumaczeniem św. Augustyna
Authors: Kubiak Zygmunt
Published: December 2020

L'autore, noto traduttore polacco delle "Confessioni" di Sant’Agostino, fornisce qualche osservazione sulla traduzione di quest'opera.
Św. Hieronim jako naśladowca języka i stylu autorów starożytnych na podstawie listów 1-24
Authors: Wojtczak-Szyszkowski Jerzy
Published: December 2020

Św. Hieronim znany jest jako wybitny znawca literatury antycznej i naśladowca jej znakomitych autorów, jak również klasycznego języka łacińskiego. Stosunkowo niewielkie obecnie zainteresowanie jego twórczością w gronie młodszych filologów i patrologów skłoniło Autora artykułu do ukazania walorów jego języka i stylu naśladującego znakomitych pisarzy i poetów łacińskich, przede wszystkim Cycerona. Już ukazaniem w wąskim zakresie jego wykształcenia i oczytania, pragnie Autor artykułu pobudzić chęć do poważniejszych studiów jego wcale niemałej, a często wybitnej, nie tylko pod pod względem teologicznym, ale i literackim, twórczości. Przytoczone przykłady niektórych elementów języka łacińskiego, jakim posługiwał się Św. Hieronim, budzi uznanie dla jego zdolności i wiedzy.
Cyprian z Cassinum, Hymn o św. Benedykcie
Authors: Gacia Tadeusz
Published: December 2020

Tłumaczenie na język polski "Hymnu o św. Benedykcie", którego prawdopodobnym autorem  jest Cyprian z Monte Cassino.
برامج ومجالات تمكين الشباب في إمارة أبوظبي
Authors: Alhammadi Fatma Abdulla , Al-Gharaibeh Fakir
Published: December 2020

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل محتوى برامج تمكين الشباب في إمارة أبوظبي، وذلك من خلال التعرف إلى برامج التمكين التي تقدمها المؤسسات الحكومية في إمارة أبوظبي، وماهي مجالات التمكين التي تركز عليها تلك البرامج بالإضافة إلى درجة توافر أبعاد التمكين في كل مجال من مجالات التمكين الاجتماعي والاقتصادي والمشاركة في صنع القرار واحترام الآخر. استخدمت هذه الدراسة المنهج النوعي، وشملت عينة الدراسة (26) برنامجاً من برامج تمكين الشباب في الجهات المسؤولة عن تلك البرامج في إمارة أبوظبي.

وتمثلت أهم النتائج في أن برامج تمكين الشباب في إمارة أبوظبي تقدم من جهات على المستوى الاتحادي، وبعضها من قبل جهات محلية ، كما أن مجالات تمكين الشباب تتعدد وتتنوع ويأتي في مقدمتها التمكين الاجتماعي بنسبة (47.2%)، ثم التمكين الاقتصادي بنسبة (31.6%)، ثم المشاركة في صنع القرار واحترام الآخر (21.2%)، بالإضافة إلى أن أبعاد التمكين الاجتماعي ركزت على تنمية مهارات حل المشكلات ومهارات مواجهة التحديات فيما ركزت أبعاد التمكين الاقتصادي على تنمية المهارات المهنية واستثمار طاقات الشباب وتوظيف مواهبهم أما أبعاد المشاركة في صنع القرار واحترام الآخر ركزت على تكافؤ الفرص المتاحة للشباب في البرامج والمساواة بين الجنسين.
Bottom-Up Lean Practice Deployment in a Global Setting: A Case Study from the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Linderson Sara , Birkie Seyoum Eshetu , Bellgran Monica
Published: December 2020

In view of major social changes, such as the growing climate crisis, increased external expectations on the production sector demand an industrial transformation. Since transformations call for innovation, new lean practices will emerge locally at sites in production networks to cope with new challenges. But, how can new local lean practices be deployed for utilization by other parts of the company? Global production companies strive for broad over-all improvements within the network. This is often approached through a top-down deployment of a global lean framework, using various mechanisms. Lean standard development is a central mechanism for transferring best practices and lean knowledge within a corporate group. Anchored to well-established theories, such as innovation diffusion and plant network theory, prior lean transfer studies often take a cascading top-down perspective. In contrast, this study aims to explore lean practice diffusion through a bottom-up perspective. It explores the process of deploying new local lean practices to the corporate network. The empirical findings are based on a single case study at the pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca. The findings indicate that the bottom-up deployment process can be explained by four phases, ‘Piloting’, ‘Branding’, ‘Codifying Knowledge’ and ‘Making a Product’ that varies in degree of practice adaptation. The lean practice incorporation to a global lean framework is discussed around three conceptual deployment approaches called, ‘template’, ‘standard’ and ‘product’ deployment. The empirical insight contributes to the body of global lean literature by providing a more dynamic view of global lean frameworks, of which development depends on the underlying processes such as bottom-up practice incorporation. It also provides practitioners in global lean settings with valuable insight and a possibility to review internal global-local deployment processes within a corporate group to increase intra-organizational learning.
Cost-Driven Informed Decisions Using Loss Analyses from Production Monitoring
Authors: Windmark Christina , Svensson Mikael
Published: December 2020

When embarking a cost reduction strategy, it is important to know what causes the costs, how the costs are connected to value adding and to non-value adding activities, and thereby conduct a knowledge-intensive production development. This paper present a method on how to connect costs to production losses and how they can relate to different cost factor groups. The method uses a digital tool that was designed in collaboration with a medium-sized tool manufacturing company, using several manufacturing operations in sequence. The tool is designed to be used for management monitoring and for strategic decisions. The method uses a performance-based cost model for discrete part manufacturing and incorporates an approximation when dividing the calculated loss costs. To ensure the accuracy of the model a sensitivity analysis was conducted. The result shows that only smaller errors occur due to this approximation and amount to a few percent when extremely high losses are in effect. The novelty of the paper is the variation of the cost model, ensuring that costs can be divided on each of the cost factor groups and investigated performance parameter. In addition, the designed layout of the result presentation in the digital tool, is a further development of the previous presented production performance matrix, which contribute to a comprehensive overview used for production monitoring.
Method to Support Decision Making Process Considering Risk Factors
Authors: Bastchen Gustavo , Borsato Milton
Published: December 2020

The current scenario of the national and international market is marked by increasingly fierce competition and to ensure the survival of organizations, requires companies to develop new products cannot fail regarding cost, quality and time during a project. For this, the decisions that are made during the engineering changes of a product need to be assertive, taking into account factors of risk and concurrent engineering. The present work aimed to develop a new method to support the decision-taking process among multiple alternatives based on the evaluation of risk factors in the context of an engineering change. For this development, the Design Science Research was used as a methodological framework. The demonstration and evaluation steps were performed in the engineering environment of an automotive partner company. The solution developed was very pertinent to assist the decision-taking process, being able to provide more information and facilitate the evaluation of risk factors in the initial phases of the project. Also, it has been pointed out that, often, new artifacts applications need to be accompanied by a change in the mindset of organizations so that they can be effectively implemented.
Method for Identifying Representative Failures in Modular Products Through Field Application Data Analysis
Authors: Cerqueira Evandro , Voltolini Rafael , Borsato Milton
Published: December 2020

Increasingly, manufacturing companies are focusing their efforts on exploring new markets. This new reality makes them strive for more efficient ways to offer their products at a lower cost and without losing their customization. As a result, the compromise between volume and customization (i.e. mass customization) is necessary and to support these product platforms have become a standard practice in the industry, especially the automotive one. However, another challenge arises with the use of platforms: the lack of an efficient way to develop product platforms that will bring a high level of customer satisfaction. The present work aims to develop a method capable of assisting global project groups for identifying representative failures in modules of product platforms and to set up product variations. It is intended to solve the problem of inefficient platform configuration for different markets, taking into account the specific application characteristics of each one. The methodological procedure is based on the Design Science Research (DSR) framework, according to which the work is carried out in six steps. The demonstration and evaluation steps of the solution were performed in the context of an automotive partner industry. The results show that is possible to use the method as a way to improve product platform configuration. The main contribution comes from the fact that the method performs a data analysis based on actual usage information under different product application conditions.