bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between consistency and compaction of clay soils (Saint-Petersburg)
Authors: Kolmogorov S. G. , Klemyatsionok P. L. , Kolmogorova S. S.
Published: October 2023

Clay soils are often found under building foundations, construction properties of which depend on many factors. One of them is the natural soil compaction, which is relevant in the construction classification of soils. This paper analyzes the relationship between the consistency and compaction of clay soils of different genesis and consistency using the Priklonskii soil compaction index. Water saturation of clay soil affects the relative discrepancy between the consistency coefficient and compaction index for soils of different genesis and consistency. It is noted that for soils with the water saturation coefficient lower than one, the consistency coefficient differs from the compaction index. This difference increases with decreasing water saturation coefficient. It is essential that significant differences can also appear when the water saturation coefficient is equal to 0.95 or more, approaching to unity. It is shown that the assessment of the natural compaction of clay soils should be based on their formation conditions. A study of various genetic types of clay soils affecting natural densification and consistency provides a reasonable approach to use of soil densification in the construction classification of soils.
Unique architecture in conditions of conflicting objectives and subjective factors (stadium case studies) (Moscow)
Authors: Okeanov G. V.
Published: October 2023

Unique buildings reflect a social demand for innovative urban space organization, new perspectives of human activities, and growing need for a safe and favorable environment. Architectural design of unique buildings, especially at early stages, is complicated by uncertainty of functional tasks, absence of regulatory requirements, and necessity for significant modifications during the process. The design experience of stadiums for 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia shows the development of a productive creative idea. The development of this typology is identified by a comprehensive analysis of the architectural heritage and scientific literature. Requirements of international sports organizations for spatial and planning solutions of sports arenas are summarized herein, which form the basis of the Russian construction standardization. Recommendations are provided for the architectural concept preservation.
Generative adversarial network as a basis for intelligent model of imaging architectural objects based on textual description (Kemerovo, Tomsk)
Authors: Pylov P. A. , Dyagileva A. V. , Nikolaeva E. A. , Maitak R. V. , Shalygina T. A.
Published: October 2023

Вывод: рассматриваемая автоматизирующая система позволит существенно сократить временные, человеческие и денежные ресурсы, требуемые для разработки проекта будущего здания.

Перенести в английский вариант

   Due to the high technology integrated into a person's daily life (smart house), this topic is relevant. One of elements of generative adversarial network is robot vacuum cleaners of various surface. Difficulties caused by this technique largely depend on the environment in which it locates.

   Purpose: The development of the convolutional neural network concept allowing real-time distinguishing between the building interior and exterior.

   Practical implication: The proposed intelligent system can distinguish between the building interior and exterior, that will considerably improve the firmware performance of modern technology in both the domestic and industrial segments.
Attention to diversity from artificial intelligence
Authors: Domínguez-González María de los Ángeles , Hervás-Gómez Carlos , Díaz-Noguera María Dolores , Reina-Parrado Manuel
Published: October 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) is influencing various sectors of society, including the educational field. The use of AI can have great potential in education, however, it is necessary to know both its performance and its limitations. The main objective of this study is to analyze the prompts made by teachers in initial training in relation to the topic of specific educational support needs, classifying them according to Bloom's Taxonomy. For this, 63 students from the first year of the Primary Education Degree in the subject Information and Communication Technology applied to Education participated. The results show that the highest frequency of prompts made by students correspond to the highest levels of Bloom's taxonomy (apply and create), which suggests that students are capable of using the knowledge acquired in the subject to create new learning situations with their future students. This confirms that the implementation of this methodology is beneficial for the development of cognitive and pedagogical skills of future teachers.
A High Precison Phase Extraction Algorithm from a Single Shot Interferogram
Authors: Hu Lifa , Shen Wen , Ma Wenchao , Hu Dongting , Liu Xinyu
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Phase shifting interferometry is an optical metrology with a high precision, but it usually requires the expensive high precision phase shifter. Therefore, low cost methods of extracting phase from a single shot interferogram were very valuable, but available algorithms are usually effective only in a limited conditions. To solve these problems, a novel method is presented in this work. Based on this method, the interference fringe is retrieved to a wrapped phase and divided into different regions and the index of the pixel is calculated. The pixels in the same region have the same parity and the PSF’s gravity center of part wavefront so as to solve the sign ambiguity. The theoretical simulation results indicate that the PV of wavefront error is 0.00054λ and the rms is 0.000125λ,which is much better than the results from the Fast Fourier Transformation method. The experimentally measured interferogram is also used to validate the method. It has the advantages of simplicity, high precision and effective for both open and closed interferometer fringes.
Comparison of The Percentage of The Risk of Death in TBC Comorbid Patients with Other Comorbids in Pati District
Authors: Istananta Randi Eka , Budiharjo Teguh , Surati Surati
Published: October 2023

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease that has never previously been found in humans and is a new type of disease. The virus that causes COVID-19 is called Sars-CoV-2. It was found that patients experienced increased mortality due to COVID-19 because they had comorbid diseases. COVID-19 patients who have one comorbid disease are at risk of death up to 6.5 times higher than COVID-19 patients without comorbidities. Pulmonary TB is a comorbidity that can make a person more susceptible to contracting COVID-19 with severe symptoms. Apart from attacking the lungs, COVID-19 also damages the lungs. Damaged lungs prevent the body's organs from getting enough oxygen, which can trigger organ damage that can cause death. The aim of this study was to compare the percentage risk of death in COVID-19 patients who had comorbid TB disease with COVID-19 patients who had comorbid kidney disease and DM in the Pati area, Central Java. This research can be a reference for data regarding the percentage risk of death in COVID-19 patients with comorbidities. This research uses a descriptive, observational research design. The samples in this study were COVID-19 sufferers who had comorbid TB, comorbid kidney disease and comorbid DM. The sample population during the period January to December 2021 was 998. The sample was determined using the Slovin formula with a total of 135 samples with a sampling quota taken. Results Comorbid TB has a percentage risk of death of 40%, comorbid kidney has a percentage risk of death of 33.3%, and comorbid DM has a percentage risk of death of 6.8%. Comorbid TB is a comorbid that has the highest percentage risk of death, so intensive care is important for sufferers.
‘Women come out for less important tasks’: Understanding the reality of the gendered transport sector in Karachi through Key-Informant Interviews
Authors: Iqbal Sana
Published: October 2023

This paper studies the perceptions of transport experts towards the state of transport and mobility barriers faced by women in the context of Karachi, Pakistan, a representative megacity in the global South. It is based on the data gathered by ‘conversations with purpose’ with key informants or experts in the transport sector to understand their attitudes towards transport provision and operation. Such interviews can attempt to understand the cultural and behavioural foundations of urban transport planning. It was found that poorly coordinated planning, lack of effective governance structure and investment have allowed the growth of an almost unregulated and ungovernable informal transport sector in Karachi. Apart from these issues, most experts displayed a patriarchal mindset that manifested itself by demeaning women’s importance and their contributions. Due to the lack of female representation, such views remained unchallenged, and the majority of the informants did not express a desire to integrate women into decision-making or consultation processes. It can thus be argued that improving women’s mobility require changing the mindset of transport planners, who consider women as mainly responsible for household tasks and therefore beneath their consideration. The paper also suggests some preliminary recommendations to address the issue of breaking away gender stereotypes in the transport sector.
Numerical Evaluation of a Soliton Pair with Long Range Interaction
Authors: Wabnig Joachim , Resch Josef , Theuerkauf Dominik , Anmasser Fabian , Faber Manfried
Published: October 2023

We determine the interaction energy of electric or magnetic monopole pairs, sources and sinks of a Coulombic field. The monopoles are represented by topological solitons of finite size and mass, described by a field of SO(3) rotations without any divergences. Such monopoles feel at large distances a pure Coulombic interaction. A crucial test for the physical interpretation of these monopoles is a classical running of the charge at small distances, expected from the finite soliton size. We investigate in detail a first observation of the increase of the effective charge at a few soliton radii in this purely Coulombic system and compare it with the running of the coupling in perturbative QED.
Revitalizing Key Conditions and Integrated Watershed Management Approach to Sustain Water Availability and Agriculture in Semi-Arid Regions
Authors: Habtu Solomon
Published: October 2023

Integrated watershed management is regarded as the best approach to prevent and rehabilitate watersheds and improve livelihoods. So far, some achievements have been made in terms of soil and water conservation activities. Yet, based on literature reviews and personal observations, there are various constraints that impede the successful implementation of the approach. These include poor institutional and policy support, lack of participation, poor planning of soil and water conservation, inappropriate use of technologies, failure to utilize scientific inputs, and lack of capacity building. To revitalize the successful implementation of the approach, key conditions for consideration include assuring institutional, legal, and policy support, practicing proper soil and water resource management, securing access to integrated agricultural inputs, and establishing scientific and technology support in a watershed. Hence, amending the approach and integrating all these key conditions in the approach are quite crucial for the sustainability of water availability and agriculture in semi-arid regions in particular.
Progression-free survival as a primary end-point: Counting the cost
Authors: Izuegbuna Ogochukwu
Published: October 2023

For some time in cancer clinical trials, overall survival (OS) has been the gold standard in determining the endpoint of the drug's efficacy. However, in recent times, there has been a gradual shift in the endpoint of drug efficacy towards progression-free survival (PFS). PFS has its merits, especially being cost-effective, but not without associated shortcomings. PFS is not an ideal surrogate for OS, and in some cases, the correlation is low to medium in strength with heterogeneity in the methodologies used. There have also been cases where PFS is used as an endpoint in place of OS, which was achieved, but with increased reports of significant adverse events/reduced quality of life (QoL) index. Current realities make using OS as an endpoint in some cancer drug trials a difficult task to demonstrate. However, even if PFS is used, data must be thoroughly assessed for quality of life indices and drug safety. It is therefore important that stakeholders in the business of cancer drug evaluation and trials note the risks and benefits of such drugs for the target population. In so doing, patient’s QoL would be paramount in therapeutic decision-making.
Pre-market Research: What are the Key Factors that Prevent Human-centered Design from Widespread Acceptance in China
Authors: Sun Yida
Published: October 2023

This article explores the limited adoption of Human-centered design (HCD) in China, particularly in architecture, despite its global acceptance. Through case studies of human-centered interior design, the study identifies reasons for the slow adoption and provides recommendations to promote HCD acceptance among the public and local companies. The research involves surveying 100 Chinese consumers and interviewing 20 architects in Jiangsu province, China, to gain insights into the factors influencing HCD application in interior design for housing.
Social Network Analysis as a Driver of Continuous Improvement
Authors: Courtney Matthew , Foster Kelly
Published: October 2023

Social network analysis (SNA) is a research method that, when applied to improvement science, can help leaders understand the strength of relationships within their organization. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a lasting impact on organizational norms, and it has interrupted relationship building efforts. This paper documents a case study of the Kentucky Department of Education (KDE), which deployed SNA techniques to strategically identify areas of growth within its network and design intentional, targeted solutions to improve the network health. As organizations emerge from the pandemic environment and begin to plan continuous improvement efforts, they would be well served to examine the impact of the pandemic on their level of connectedness. The broader impact and generalizability of the case study as well as considerations for replication are also discussed.
Parkinson Hastalarında Yaşam Kalitesi Hemşire ve Bakım Vericilerin Rolleri
Authors: ŞEN Aylin , AZİZOĞLU Fatma , ERKAL İLHAN Sibel
Published: October 2023

Parkinson Hastalığı toplumda yaygın görülen nörodejeneratif bir hastalık olup, prevalansı yaşın ilerlemesiyle birlikte artmaktadır. Hastalığın ilerleyen dönemlerinde bireylerin yaşam kalitesi düşmekte, hastaların bakım gereksinimleri ve bakım vericilere olan bağımlılıkları giderek artmaktadır. Tedavi yöntemlerinin sürekli gelişmesiyle birlikte Parkinson Hastalığı sürecinde hemşire ve bakım vericilerin rolleri daha önemli hale gelmektedir. Parkinson hastalığı sürekli izlem, eğitim ve sosyal destek gerektirmektedir. Hasta ve hastaya bakım verenlerin Parkinson Hastalığına uyumlarının sağlanması, toplumsal farkındalığın desteklenmesi için doğru hemşirelik yaklaşımlarının belirlenmesi, alana yönelik araştırmalar yapılması gerekmektedir. Bu alanda uzman hemşireye gereksinim sürekli artmaktadır. Bu makalede, Parkinson hastalığı, tedavi yöntemleri ve Parkinson tanısı almış hastaların yaşam kalitesini yükseltmek için hemşire ve hasta bakım verici rollerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
ТЕОРЕТИЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ОСНОВНИХ ПІДХОДІВ ДО ВИВЧЕННЯ ЕМОЦІЙНОЇ СТІЙКОСТІ ОСОБИСТОСТІ
Authors: Лялюк Юрій Русланович
Published: October 2023

Анотація. Стаття присвячена теоретичному обґрунтуванню емоційної стійкості особистості. Проведено науковий аналіз емоційної стійкості, узагальнено і систематизовано інформацію із зазначеної проблеми на основі наукових джерел. Емоційну стійкість можна вважати запорукою здоров’я особистості як психічного, так і фізичного. А отже, це чинник результативності її навчальної та трудової діяльності. Звідси актуалізується питання про здатність особистості ефективно використовувати резерви психіки, підвищувати здатність найповнішого розкриття фізичних і психічних можливостей. Метою статті є теоретичний аналіз основних підходів до дослідження емоційної стійкості особистості та її критеріїв. В умовах воєнних реалій особливо загострюється питання методів та способів довільної регуляції емоційних станів особистості. Емоційна стійкість є важливим чинником ефективності роботи у складних умовах діяльності та швидкості адаптації до різних ситуацій та є вельми значущою для фахівців екстремальних професій. Зазначено, що поняття «психологічна стійкість», «емоційно-вольова стійкість», «морально-психологічна стійкість» і «емоційна стійкість» часто вживаються як синоніми. Але основою емоційної стійкості визнається здатність до саморегуляції і певна система мотивів особистості професіонала, яка виступає регулятором діяльності та поведінки. Термін «емоційна стійкість особистості» є досить специфічним для досліджень професійної діяльності. Емоційна стійкість стала частиною досліджень моральної регуляції поведінки, вольової саморегуляції поведінки, довільної й мимовільної регуляції діяльності, психічної саморегуляції, емоційної регуляції діяльності та поведінки та ін. На думку більшості дослідників, основним критерієм ЕС є ступінь домінування емоцій: позитивних чи негативних. Вони можуть виражатися через характеристики емоційної експресії – емоційно вираженої реакції. Основним критерієм ЕК у ситуації діяльності є результат, який свідчить про успішність актуальної діяльності. Поняття «емоційна стійкість» розглянуто з точки зору системного підходу та трактується як інтегральна властивість особистості, у якій рівною мірою представлено емоції та мотивація, воля та інтелект. Аналіз наукових праць, присвячених проблемі ЕС, дозволив дійти висновку про її структурованість. ЕС є системною властивістю, яка забезпечує суб’єкту оптимальне досягнення поставленої мети в емоційно напружених ситуаціях. Тому структурне дослідження ЕС повинно ґрунтуватися на принципі цілісності та розвитку психічних явищ у контексті системно-динамічного підходу. Тільки у цьому випадку психічне явище, яке визначається як система, може вважатися науково обґрунтованим.
ЕМПІРИЧНЕ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ РОЗВИТКУ АСЕРТИВНОЇ ПОВЕДІНКИ У ЗДОБУВАЧІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ УНІВЕРСИТЕТІВ З ОСОБЛИВИМИ УМОВАМИ НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: Яремко Роман Ярославович , Коваль Ігор Святославович
Published: October 2023

Анотація. У статті проаналізовано особливості розвитку асертивності у здобувачів вищої освіти з особливими умовами навчання. Проведено аналіз наукових досліджень щодо поняття асертивності та емпірично досліджено особливості розвитку асертивної поведінки у здобувачів вищої освіти зі специфічними умовами навчання. Так, науковці вважають, що асертивність – це особиста автономія, незалежна від зовнішніх оцінок та впливів, здатність самостійно регулювати свою поведінку та уміння конструктивно знаходити вихід із нестандартних ситуацій у міжособистісних відносинах. З огляду на результати теоретичного аналізу автором було підібрано комплексний психодіагностичний інструментарій, а саме: тест на асертивність (В. Капоні, Т. Новака), методика діагностики домінуючих стратегій захисту у спілкуванні (В. Бойка), методика вивчення самоставлення (С. Пантилеєва). На основі проведеного дослідження отримано такі результати. Досліджувані здобувачі вищої освіти першого року навчання проявляють більш агресивну, емоційно напружену поведінку та поведінку уникнення. Це може бути пов’язане зі зміною середовища проживання, оволодінням нової соціальної ролі здобувача вищої освіти у закладі зі специфічними умовами навчання. Другокурсники ж, на відміну від курсантів першого курсу, проявили більш емоційно та поведінково-сприятливі результати для оволодіння навичок асертивності та, за даними методик, вони частіше користуються патернами асертивної поведінки. Психодіагностичний інструментарій нашого експериментального дослідження психологічних сособливостей асертивності у здобувачів вищої освіти добирався у відповідності до поставлених завдань. Кожна з методик, які ми використали у емпіричній частині нашої статті, підібрана у відповідності до особливостей умов навчання та критеріїв валідності і надійності.
РОЗВИТОК ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОЇ СТІЙКОСТІ В РОБОТІ З ОБРАЗАМИ ТА ВІЗУАЛІЗАЦІЄЮ В У МОВАХ ВОЄННИХ ДІЙ
Authors: Діжурко Надія Володимирівна , Легка Андріана Іванівна
Published: October 2023

Анотація. Статтю присвячено теоретичному аналізу психологічної стійкості, що являється однією із умов турботи про себе у важкі періоди воєнного стану. З’ясовано сутність та способи розвитку психологічної стійкості через комплекс психологічної роботи з візуалізацією та образами. Вказано, що формування навичок, необхідних для збереження психологічного здоров’я у стресових умовах війни, забезпечує психологічну стійкість, дають перспективу у майбутньому турбуватися про себе та бути стресостійким за будь-яких важких подій. Розглянуто провідні принципи у роботі з образами та візуалізацією за Вільямом Стюартом, що навчають екологічному використанню цих технік з вразливими верствами населення, що постраждали від воєнної агресії. Висвітлено еволюцію поглядів науковців щодо роботи із візуалізацією та образами. Виявлено, що використання цих методів у різних психологічних підходах потребують різних якостей та навичок, та зміст залишається єдиним. Самопізнання особистістю себе, вільний вираз себе і свого запиту, креативний розвиток, творчість, вираження бажань та почуттів в комплексі сприяють розслабленню психіки і організму в цілому. Авторами статті представлено результати досвіду застосування вправ візуалізації та роботи з образами з метою дослідження власного Я, розвитку психологічної стійкості та піклування про власний внутрішній світ та психологічне здоров’я. Деталізовано особливості використання арттерапевтичних методів дослідження особистості, що сприяють зміцненню психологічної стійкості в умовах війни. У статті також наголошується на ефективності використання арттерапевтичних методів у пізнанні та підтримці з низкою людських проблем, що сприяють кращому розумінню себе і своїх потреб, а також пошуку внутрішніх опор та ресурсів, що забезпечують якісну здорову життєдіяльність. Визначено перспективи подальшого наукового дослідження роботи з образами та технікою візуалізації, які надають можливість безпечним екологічним чином досліджувати глибинні частини нашого несвідомого, що зміцнюють при усвідомленні психологічну стійкість.
АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНІ ПОГЛЯДИ НА КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНІСТЬ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ТА ПЕРСОНАЛ ЯК ЇЇ КАТАЛІЗАТОР
Authors: Іващенко Михайло
Published: October 2023

У статті висвітлено погляди на поняття «конкурентоспроможність», а також базові підходи його розуміння крізь призму культур різних народів. Це доводить, що їй належить чільне місце в теорії конкурентоспроможності та одночасно підтверджує її практичне значення, оскільки результати етимологічного аналізу доцільно використовувати в ході напрацювання варіацій стратегії конкурентоспроможності підприємства, орієнтованої на підвищення ефективності конкурування з імпортерами за вітчизняного споживача на локальних ринках та завойовування конкурентних позицій на іноземних, враховуючи особливості розуміння даної дефініції. Доведена залежність етимології трактування поняття «конкурентоспроможність» від онтологічних особливостей змін у соціумі, обумовила потребу зміни кута зору на трактування поняття «персоналу», а також напрацювання новітнього підходу в організації трудових відносин.
Stoics and Epicureans on Facing Pain and Death Positively
Authors: O'Reilly Katharine , Gill Chris
Published: October 2023

This post is based on a joint workshop we offered at the Stoicon-X in London on October 13 2019, on ideas about facing pain and death offered by the ancient Stoics and their main contemporary rivals, the Epicureans. The core idea shared by both these theories is that, if you achieve wisdom, you will be well-placed to deal with things generally regarded as among the worst dimensions of human life – enduring extreme physical pain and facing the prospect of your own death. Katharine focused on a letter supposedly written by Epicurus shortly before his death and at a time of intense physical pain. Chris discussed the Stoic version of a  well-known ancient philosophical ideal, that of the wise person happy on the rack of torture. We give here the text of these talks, which were followed by a vigorous debate on these ideas and their value as a basis for life-guidance under modern conditions. 
‘I will play this tokenistic game, I just want something useful for my community’: experiences of and resistance to harms of peer research
Authors: E. Ross Lori , Pilling Merrick , Voronka Jijian , Pitt Kendra-Ann , McLean Elizabeth , King Carole , Shakya Yogendra M. , MacKinnon Kinnon R. , Williams Charmaine C. , Strike Carol , Guta Adrian
Published: October 2023

Hiring peer researchers – individuals with lived experience of the phenomenon under study – is an increasingly popular practice. However, little research has examined experiences of peer research from the perspectives of peer researchers themselves. In this paper, we report on data from a participatory, qualitative research project focused on four intersecting communities often engaged in peer research: mental health service user/consumer/survivor; people who use drugs; racialized; and trans/non-binary communities. In total, 34 individuals who had worked as peer researchers participated in semi-structured interviews. Transcripts and interviewer reflections were analyzed using a participatory approach. Many participants reported exposure to intersecting forms of systemic oppression (racism, transphobia, ableism, and classism, among others) and disparagement of their identities and lived experiences, both from other members of the research team and from the broader institutions in which they were working. Peer researchers described being required to perform academic professionalism, while simultaneously representing communities that were explicitly or implicitly denigrated in the course of their work. Practices of resistance to these harms were evident throughout the interviews, and participants often made strategic decisions to permit themselves to be tokenized, out of the expectation of promised benefits to their communities. However, additional harms were often experienced when these benefits were not realized. These findings point towards the need for a more reflexive and critical approach to the use of peer research.

 
Integration of multimodal cues does not alter mean but reduces variance in avian responses to predators: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mathot Kimberley , Arteaga Torres Josué , Besson Anne , Hawkshaw Deborah , Klappstein Natasha , McKinnon Rebekah , Sridharan Sheeraja , Nakagawa Shinichi
Published: October 2023

Despite a wealth of studies documenting prey responses to perceived predation risk, researchers have only recently begun to consider how prey integrate information from multiple cues in their assessment of risk. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that experimentally manipulated perceived predation risk in birds and evaluate support for three alternative models of cue integration: redundancy/equivalence, enhancement, and antagonism. One key insight from our analysis is that the current theory, generally applied to study cue integration in animals, is incomplete. These theories specify the effects of increasing information level on mean, but not variance, in responses. In contrast, we show that providing multiple complementary cues of predation risk simultaneously does not affect mean response, but rather, reduces variance in responses across studies. We propose this may arise via maximum-likelihood estimation (MLE) integration. Although the MLE framework has been applied to study cue integration in humans, to date, it has not been applied to studies of cue integration in non-human animals. We highlight the broad applicability of MLE integration for information integration problems and propose avenues for future work. Our meta-analysis illustrates how explicit consideration of variance in responses can yield important biological insights.
Integrating ecological feedbacks across scales and levels of organization
Authors: Pichon Benoît , Kefi Sonia , Loeuille Nicolas , Lajaaiti Ismaël , Gounand Isabelle
Published: October 2023

In ecosystems, species interact in various ways with other species, and with their local environment. In addition, ecosystems are coupled in space by diverse types of flows. From these links connecting different ecological entities can emerge circular pathways of indirect effects: feedback loops. This contributes to creating a nested set of ecological feedbacks operating at different organizational levels as well as spatial and temporal scales in ecological systems: species modifying and being affected by their local abiotic environment, demographic and behavioral feedbacks within populations and communities, and spatial feedbacks occurring at the landscape scale. Here, we review how ecological feedbacks vary in space and time, and discuss the emergent properties they generate such as species coexistence or the spatial heterogeneity and stability of ecological systems. With the aim of identifying similarities across scales, we identify the abiotic and biotic modulators that can change the sign and strength of feedback loops and show that these feedbacks can interact in space or time. Our review shows that despite acting at different scales and emerging from different processes, feedbacks generate similar macroscopic properties of ecological systems across levels of organization. Ultimately, our contribution emphasizes the need to integrate such feedbacks to improve our understanding of their joint effects on the dynamics, patterns, and stability of ecological systems.
Survivability with Adaptive Routing and Reactive Defragmentation in IP-over-EON after A Router Outage
Authors: Ridwansyah M. , Syarif Syafruddin , Dewiani D. , Wardi S.T.
Published: October 2023

The occurrence of a router outage in the IP layer can lead to network survivability issues in IP-over-elastic-optical networks with consequent effects on the existing connections used in transiting the router. This usually leads to the application of a path to recover any affected traffic by utilizing the spare capacity of the unaffected lightpath on each link. However, the spare capacity in some links is sometimes insufficient and thus needs to be spectrally expanded. A new lightpath is also sometimes required when it is impossible to implement the first process. It is important to note that both processes normally lead to a large number of lightpath reconfigurations when applied to different unaffected lightpaths. Therefore, this study proposes an adaptive routing strategy to generate the best path with the ability to optimize the use of unaffected lightpaths to perform reconfiguration and minimize the addition of free spectrum during the expansion process. The reactive defragmentation strategy is also applied when it is impossible to apply spectrum expansion because of the obstruction of the neighboring spectrum. This proposed strategy is called lightpath reconfiguration and spectrum expansion with reactive defragmentation (LRSE+RD), and its performance was compared to the first Shortest Path (1SP) as the benchmark without a reactive defragmentation strategy. The simulation conducted for the two topologies with two traffic conditions showed that LRSE+RD succeeded in reducing the lightpath reconfigurations, new lightpath number, and additional power consumption, including the additional operational expense compared to 1SP.
The Adaptation Assessment of Different Sunflower Cultivars under Kabul Agro Climatic Conditions
Authors: Koshani Beheshtah , Sharifi Mohammad Zarif
Published: October 2023

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is one of the most important oilseeds crops due to its wide adaptability, mechanization potential, low labor requirements, and high oil and protein content. The present study was conducted to evaluate the performance of elite sunflower cultivars under Kabul agro-ecological conditions. The main objective of this research is to identify superior genotypes best adapted to Kabul agro-ecological conditions. Three improved cultivars of sunflowers, two from France (Robiacs and Imeriacs) and a local one were tested for two years, 2018-19, on the farm of Agriculture faculty at Kabul University. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Data were collected on achene's yield and other parameters. Analysis revealed a highly significant difference among cultivars for all parameters under study except the number of days to complete emergence, number of plants m-2, plant height and leaf area index. Among the cultivars examined, there were significant differences in achene yield. Local cultivar (4696.92kg ha-1) followed by Robiacs (4346.62 kg ha-1) yielded significantly higher than Imeriacs cultivar (3029). These cultivars have shown to be the best local and exotic genotypes in terms of achene's yield. With additional tastings, these potential lines could be released for specific environments in Afghanistan similar to the Kabul agro-ecology.
Dampak Risiko Pajak, Kualitas Audit, Kepemilikan Institusi, Kepemilikan Manajerial dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Biaya Modal pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Barang dan Konsumsi yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2019-2021
Authors: Anggela Stenny , Irsad Moch
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effects of tax risk, audit quality, institutional ownership, managerial ownership, and business size among 2019-2021 Indonesia Stock Exchange-listed manufacturing firms in the products and consumption sector. The sampling technique was carried out using a purposive sampling technique, namely selecting samples based on certain criteria and systematics with the aim of obtaining a representative sample. Based on the criteria above, the number of companies that meet the criteria is 81 companies. This study uses multiple regression analysis techniques with SPSS tools. The results show that tax risk has a positive impact on the cost of capital, audit quality has a negative impact on the cost of capital, institutional ownership has a negative impact on the cost of capital, managerial ownership has a negative impact on the cost of capital, firm size has a positive impact on the cost of capital.
Teszt_10.26_Accept
Authors: Teszt Author , Véghseő Alma
Published: October 2023

Teszt_10.26_Accept
Resistiendo y perviviendo en Barbacoas. Prácticas estéticas e identidades en el centro de Medellín
Authors: López Carmona Juan Alejandro , Herrán Cuartas Coppelia , Naranjo Otálvaro Mario Javier , Manco Juan David , Bohórquez Barrera Stiven , Cuenca Botero Andrea Carolina , Cárdenas Jaramillo Sidney Alejandra , Arango Marín Miguel , Acosta Ríos Beatriz Elena , Parra Valencia Juan Diego , Guzmán Verónica Tatiana , Álvarez Lara Saúl , Rivera Ceballos Teresita , Hidalgo Wilson Omar Ruiz
Published: October 2023

En este libro se recogen reflexiones alrededor de la pregunta por la manera cómo emerge la expresión estética en contextos de exclusión social, en los que las relaciones desiguales se convierten en motivación para que aparezcan diversas maneras de ser y estar en el mundo, más allá de lo que se considera «lo normal» desde relatos hegemónicos; es allí donde la resistencia se hace sensible, es decir, perceptible a los sentidos de quienes habitan sus calles en la supervivencia cotidiana, permaneciendo atentos a sus deseos y pulsiones, tanto individuales como compartidos. Así, la pervivencia se convierte en una forma de narrar sus existencias, relatadas en capítulos que presentan los lugares y las personas que participan de la gestación para la diversidad cultural en el centro de Medellín. En este sentido, las investigaciones del texto recogen posturas, elaboran alrededor de la exclusión social, política, económica y estética; pero también esbozan las potencias de las expresiones identitarias que dan lugar a la calle Barbacoas.
Genome-wide assessment of genetic risk loci for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Japanese patients
Authors: Hangai Mayumi , Kawaguchi Takahisa , Takagi Masatoshi , Matsuo Keitaro , Jeon Soyoung , Chiang Charleston W.K. , Dewan Andrew T. , De Smith Adam J. , Imamura Toshihiko , Okamoto Yasuhiro , Saito Akiko M. , Deguchi Takao , Kubo Michiaki , Tanaka Yoichi , Ayukawa Yoko , Hori Toshinari , Ohki Kentaro , Kiyokawa Nobutaka , Inukai Takeshi , Arakawa Yuki , Mori Makiko , Hasegawa Daisuke , Tomizawa Daisuke , Fukushima Hiroko , Yuza Yuki , Noguchi Yasushi , Taneyama Yuichi , Ota Setsuo , Goto Hiroaki , Yanagimachi Masakatsu , Keino Dai , Koike Kazutoshi , Toyama Daisuke , Nakazawa Yozo , Nakamura Kozue , Moriwaki Koichi , Sekinaka Yujin , Morita Daisuke , Hirabayashi Shinsuke , Hosoya Yosuke , Yoshimoto Yuri , Yoshihara Hiroki , Ozawa Miwa , Kobayashi Shinobu , Morisaki Naho , Gyeltshen Tshewang , Takahashi Osamu , Okada Yukinori , Matsuda Makiko , Tanaka Toshihiro , Inazawa Johji , Takita Junko , Ishida Yasushi , Ohara Akira , Metayer Catherine , Wiemels Joseph L. , Ma Xiaomei , Mizutani Shuki , Koh Katsuyoshi , Momozawa Yukihide , Horibe Keizo , Matsuda Fumihiko , Kato Motohiro , Manabe Atsushi , Urayama Kevin Y.
Published: October 2023

Not available.
Determination of normative value of Psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score in Bangladeshi volunteers
Authors: Podder Mrinmay Kumar , Aftab Hafeza , Khalil Md Musab , Hossain Mohammad Iqbal , Hossain Md Imran , Ullah Parash , Fakruzzaman Md
Published: October 2023

Background and Objectives: The psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES) is a composite score of five different neuropsychological tests. It is considered as gold standard test to diagnose Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy(MHE). But one problem with PHES is that it needs normative value of its five components as they vary from population to population. So population based normative value should be derived before it is applied to that population. MHE is diagnosed when variation from this normal value occur, provided other criteria are fulfilled. The aim of this study is to find out the normative value of PHES test batteries.
Methods: This cross sectional observational study among healthy volunteers took place in department of Gastroenterology, Dhaka medical college from May 2019 to April 2020. All participants in this study took part in the test according to international norm.
Results: Among the 300 study population,age and years of education had significant impact on all tests score. Hence, multivariate equation adjusting age and years of education were derived. A scoring method was applied depending on deviation from predicted score for all tests. Finally, -5 PHES was determined as cut off value for normal and pathological.
Conclusion: Age and education adjusted normative value of five components of PHES were constructed in Bangladeshi population. PHES cut off value was also determined. Now it is possible to calculate PHES among liver cirrhosis patients of Bangladesh.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2023; 41(4): 277-281
Demography, Clinical Profile and Outcome of COVID-19 Patients in the east-southern region of Bangladesh
Authors: Hoque Mohammad Izazul , Amin Al , Hafsa Najnin Jahan , Akter Roksana , Shaha Pinki , Roy Utshab , Hasan Md Nazmul , Saem Abu Mohammad
Published: October 2023

Introduction: In Bangladesh, the first confirmed case of COVID-19 was detected on March 8 2020, about 3 months after the initial outbreak in late December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Both affected cases and deaths have increased exponentially during this global pandemic. Demographic and clinical data on COVID-19 in Bangladesh is still deficient. Our study aims to evaluate the demographic, clinical profile and outcome of COVID-19 Patients in the east-southern region of Bangladesh.
Methodology: It was a cross sectional study. All RT-PCRpositive patients who tested in the RT-PCR lab of Comilla Medical College on 10 days of each month from July to December 2020 were included in this study. Ten days in each month were selected by lottery. After getting the verbal consent, selected patients were interviewed over the telephone by the investigator team, and their information was recorded accordingly in a preformed data sheet.
Results: A total of 606 COVID-19 RT-PCR-positive patients were interviewed. The mean age was 40.39 ± 15.42 years; 62.8% were male, and 17.3% of patients had positive contact history with COVID-19 patients. Predominant presenting symptoms were fever (71.8%), cough (41.3%), breathlessness (22.8%), fatigue (18.3%), anorexia (26%) and diarrhea (4.1%). Hypertension (13.1%), diabetes mellitus (16.1%), ischemic heart disease (IHD) (2.8%) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) (0.4%) were frequent comorbidities. 72% of the patients were mild, 16% moderate , 7% severe, and 5% critically ill. 78% took home treatment and 5% were in ICU. 97.2% recovered and 2.8% died. Older age (p= 0.001), male sex (p= 0.007), smoking (p= 0.001), breathlessness (p=0.001) and presence of comorbidities (p= < 0.05) were significantly associated with mortality. 33.8% had post- COVID symptoms, including fatigue 26.7% and shortness of breath 13.2%.
Conclusion: Younger age groups were more affected than older age groups. Majority of the patients did not have a history of contact with COVID-19 patients. Most of the patients had mild symptoms. About one fourth were hospitalized, among them 5% got treatment in ICU. Most of the patients recovered, and 2.8% died. Death was more common in patients with multiple comorbidities. One third of recovered patients had post-COVID symptoms.

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2023; 41(4): 298-304
Retrieval of Lost IUCD from Sigmoid Colon by Colonoscopy: A Case Report
Authors: Rashid Fahmida , Paul Binoy , Siddique Nargis , Khanam Shireen Akhter , Sattar Md Abdus
Published: October 2023

IUCDs are easy to use and effective. It has somewhat greater failure rates than oral contraceptives but is otherwise safe. IUCD is used by 85 million women worldwide. A missing device may indicate unrecognised string expulsion or retraction into the cervix/uterus or IUCD perforation at an extra uterine region. Many problems are observed with IUCD. If IUCD perforates the uterine wall and enters the peritoneal cavity, consequences may be asymptomatic or severe. We report a case of a lost IUCD found trapped in the sigmoid colon wall 4 years after insertion and presenting with chronic constipation in a 23-year-old woman. A CT scan of the abdomen was performed to identify constipation and chronic backache. The IUCD was collected during colonoscopy after bowel preparation. The patient recovered without difficulties. Due to its peculiar presentation, missing IUCD may not require extensive workup. In this rare case, the endoscopic method of retrieving IUCD saved the patient from a main laparotomy.

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2023; 41(4): 315-319
Limiting Antibiotic Use in Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
Authors: Rahman Md Ridwanur , Fatmi Mohammad Lutful Ehsan
Published: October 2023

Abstract not available

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2023; 41(4): 248-250
LE (lupus erythematosus) Cell in Pleural fluid Cytology
Authors: Momin Majed Abdul Basit
Published: October 2023

During the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease) pandemic, a middle-aged woman was brought to the emergency department after experiencing sudden difficulty breathing after a two-week history of fever and cough. A contrast-enhanced computerised tomography (CECT) scan revealed minimal pericardial and pleural effusions on the left side. A pleural effusion was tapped using ultrasound guidance and sent to the cytopathology laboratory. A cytological examination revealed numerous lupus erythematosus (LE) cells, resulting in a diagnosis of lupus pleuritis.

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2023; 41(4): 348-349
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI AUDIT DELAY PADA PERUSAHAAN JASA LISTED BEI
Authors: Diana Dwi Astuti  , Ningsih Wiwik Fitria
Published: October 2023

Waktu penyelesaian audit oleh auditor yang memiliki reputasi baik cenderung lebih pendek sehingga reputasi KAP  berpengaruh terhadap audit delay. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Kompleksitas operasi perusahaan, reputasi kantor akuntan publik dan opini Auditor secara parsial terhadap audit delay.; Untuk menganalisis pengaruh ukuran perusahaan, kompleksitas operasi perusahaan, reputasi kantor akuntan publik dan  opini auditor secara simultan terhadap audit delay. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa sebaiknya perusahaan dalam menghindari resiko audit delay memperhatikan ukuran perusahaan karena dapat mempengaruhi manajemen untuk lama atau tidaknya proses pengerjaan laporan keuangan. Dengan ukuran perusahaan semakin besar yang dilihat dari indikator total aktiva, jumlah penjualan dan nilai saham, maka perusahaan tersebut akan lebih baik dalam pengerjaan laporan keuangan sehingga saat pengauditan lebih cepat dan resiko audit delay akan tehindar sebaliknya jika ukuran perusahaan tidak besar akan memperlambat proses pengerjaan laporan keuangan yang akan mengakibatkan resiko audit delay.
Kata Kunci:  Pemeriksaan, Akuntan Publik, Opini, Audit delay
            The audit completion time by an auditor who has a good reputation tends to be shorter so that the KAP reputation affects audit delay. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of company size, complexity of company operations, reputation of public accounting firm and auditor's opinion partially on audit delay; To analyze the effect of firm size, complexity of company operations, reputation of public accounting firm and auditor's opinion simultaneously on audit delay. This research shows that the company should avoid the risk of audit delay by paying attention to the size of the company because it can affect the management for the length of the process of working on the financial statements. With the size of the company getting bigger as seen from the indicators of total assets, total sales and value of shares, then the company will be better at working on financial statements so that when auditing is faster and the risk of audit delay will be avoided, otherwise if the size of the company is not large it will slow down the report processing process. which will result in the risk of audit delay.
Keywords: Public Accountant, Opinion, Audit Delay