bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Prospective Study on Relation of Inferior Thyroid Artery with Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve at the Base of Thyroid Gland in Tamil Nadu Population
Authors:   formerly Associate Professor, Government Medical College, Omandurar Estate, Wallajah road Chennai-2. Presently Associate Professor, Government Stanley Medical College, Chennai-1.  The TN  Dr. MGR  Medical   University,  Chennai-32. Tamil Nadu, India., Manuel Nisha S.R. , B. Anbumalar  ,   Associate Professor, Government Chengalpattu Medical College, Chengalpattu.  The TN Dr. MGR   Medical  University,  Chennai-32, Tamil Nadu, India., Raaj S. Manisha ,   Assistant Professor, Government Coimbatore Medical College, Coimbatore. The TN Dr. MGR   Medical  University,  Chennai-32, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: March 2022

Background: The risk of injuring recurrent laryngeal nerves which can result in voice or swallowing problems can be a major complication during thyroid surgeries. Intraoperative injury to RLN can be an issue and can have a detrimental impact on patients’ quality of life. The incidence of injury to recurrent laryngeal nerve worldwide ranges from 0.5 to 20%. To prevent such surgical complications of thyroid, a detailed anatomy of inferior vascular pedicle (inferior thyroid artery) and its relation to adjacent recurrent laryngeal nerve is required. Aim: The aim of the study was, To find out the variable anatomical relationship between inferior thyroid artery and recurrent laryngeal nerve at the base of lateral lobes of thyroid gland. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted for a period of 72 months at the Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Omandurar Government Estate, Chennai-2, between January 2015 - January 2021 by dissection method in 60 adult (54 male and 6 female) cadavers (60 - right & 60 - left sides). Results: Results were noted, tabulated and interpreted. It was found that the recurrent laryngeal nerve at the base of thyroid gland which was predominantly posterior on both sides (R-78.33%, L- 100%) to inferior thyroid artery and in 21.66% anterior to ITA on right. Conclusion: The recurrent laryngeal nerve may lie anterior or posterior to inferior thyroid artery. In the present study, the recurrent laryngeal nerve was posterior most commonly on both sides to inferior thyroid artery. On the right, the second common presentation was the recurrent laryngeal nerve lying anterior to inferior thyroid artery. KEY WORDS: Thyroid gland, Subclavian artery, Inferior thyroid artery, Recurrent laryngeal nerve.
Morphometric Analysis of Vertebral Artery Groove in Human Atlas Vertebra in South Indian Population
Authors:   Assistant Professor of Anatomy, PSGIMS & R, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India., Saminathan Suganya
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Recent trends like pedicle screws and other instrumentation of cervical vertebra are on the rise. However, proximity of vertebral artery coursing in vertebral artery groove (VAG) on the superior surface of the posterior arch of atlas poses a unique challenge to surgeons performing these procedures. Such vascular injuries though rare, are not uncommon and may pose immediate to delayed complications. Radiological studies of atlas vertebra & VAG are being extensively done with CT and MR Angiography, but morphometric studies of VAG in atlas vertebra in South Indian population is lacking. Aims: To understand the morphology and dimensions of the vertebral artery groove and its variations if any, in dry atlas vertebra of South Indian population. Settings and Design: Descriptive observational study Methods and Material: 50 dried adult human atlas vertebra of unknown age & sex from the Anatomy Department, PSGIMS & R, Coimbatorewere studied. Intact cervical vertebrae without any degenerative or traumatic disorders were included. The morphometry of VAG and its distance from midline were evaluated through six linear measurements.The parameters were inner and outer lengths of the groove, width & thickness of the groove and the distance of its medial most and lateral most edges from the midline on both sides. Statistical analysis used: SPSS software Results: There is no statistically significant difference between mean values on right and left side for inner length, outer length, width and thickness of vertebral artery groove. The mean inner and outer distance of the vertebral artery groove from the midline on the right is higher than the left. Conclusions: The present study provides morphometric data of VAG & recommends a safe zone of 11.82 mm from midline for instrumentation in posterior spinal surgeries to minimize vertebral artery injuries. KEY WORDS: Atlas, Morphometry, Screw Fixation, Vascular Injury, Vertebral Artery.
Introduction of SDL in Department of Anatomy: Evaluation of Learning and SDL Readiness
Authors:   Professor Anatomy, SGRDIMSAR, Amritsar, Amritsar, Punjab, India., Sachdeva Kanika , Mahajan Anupama ,   Professor & Head, Department of Anatomy, SGRDIMSAR, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
Published: March 2022

Background: Self-directed learning (SDL) is a process in which individuals assume the responsibility of identifying their learning needs, setting goals, locating sources, developing and implementing proper strategies, and evaluating the outcomes of learning both individually and collectively. The advantages of SDL include, but not limited to, gaining more autonomy in learning, having higher motivation for it, acquiring lifelong learning skills, and developing greater self-control, self-confidence, and self-management. SDL has become popular in medical curricula and has been advocated as an effective learning strategy for medical students to develop competence in knowledge acquisition. Aim and Objectives: To introduce self directed learning in the Department of Anatomy, to encourage faculty members to accept SDL as a Teaching Learning method and encouraging students to develop an attitude of self directed learning & to become lifelong learners. Methodology: After proper sensitization of the faculty & students regarding SDL, two sessions were conducted during the Anatomy Dissection Hall timings of the First Year students. The performance of the students, in the SDL topics was assessed using the MCQ & SAQ tests. Feedback regarding the SDL methodology was taken both from the students as well as the faculty. Also the Questionnaires were given to students applying Fischer’s Self Directed Learning Readiness Scale (SDLRS) & Jefferson Scale of Life Long learning –Health Profession Version (JeffSLL-HSP) & the results were statistically analyzed. Results: A total of 126 MBBS students of the first semester participated in SDL session. Most students scored more than mean score in the tests after SDL sessions and there was a fourfold increase in the number of students scoring more than 80% in the two SDL tests. Also participating students showed high readiness towards SDL and were oriented to become Life Long Learners. Conclusions: SDL can be effectively implemented in the Department of Anatomy and it motivates students to become life long learners. KEY WORDS: Self-directed learning (SDL), Teaching Learning method. Life long learners, MCQ, SEQ, Fischer’s Self Directed Learning Readiness Scale (SDLRS).
Impacto da pandemia, por SARS-COV-2, no acesso aos cuidados de saúde primarios
Authors: Ribeiro Machado Dora Margarida , Lanjeira De Almeida Assunção das Dores , Morais Brás Manuel Alberto , Jorge Anes Eugénia Maria
Published: March 2022

A pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 alterou dinâmicas na área da saúde. Procurando travá-la, combater um estado de calamidade públicae protegere diminuir o número de doentesinternadosem unidades de cuidados intensivos foram criadas e determinadas situações excecionais. Foram restritas liberdades de circulação e reorganizou-se o sistema de saúde, implicando, entre outros, o adiamento de consultas não urgentes. Face ao exposto realizou-se um estudo com o objetivo de verificar o impacto da pandemia no número de consultas realizadas e no cumprimento do programa de rastreio oncológico dos cuidados de saúde primários portugueses. Procedeu-se a uma análise comparativa dos resultados obtidos, para cada um dos indicadores, em 2019 e em 2020. Os dados obtidos permitiram concluir que em 2019, quando comparado com o ano 2020, foram realizadas mais consultas de enfermagem presenciais (1 559 915 versus 1 375 528) e menos consultas de enfermagem não presenciais (114 213 versus 169 960). Também se verificou que em 2019, face a 2020, se realizaram menos consultas médicas presenciais (1 515 520 versus 897 217) e mais consultas médicas não presenciais (1 231 991 versus 3 209 095). Em relação ao indicador de rastreio oncológico, em 2019, face a 2020, contabilizaram-se mais mulheres com registo de mamografia nos últimos 2 anos (1 489 073 versus 1 218 445), mais mulheres com colpocitologia atualizada (2 215 378 versus 1 968 735) e mais utentes inscritos com rastreio do cancro cólon retal realizado (3 218 745 versus 3 007 335). Em suma, apesar de objetivar a proteção da população e garantir cuidados de saúde inadiáveis, a reformulação dos sistemas de saúde encerraram em si constrangimentos no acompanhamento dos utentes pelos cuidados de saúde primários. O que irá, com certeza, impactar negativamente no nível de saúde das populações, sendo urgente a retoma dos mesmos.
La utilidad de la bioimpedancia en personas mayores
Authors: Morela Hernández Patrocinio Marina , Fradejas Legido Guadalupe
Published: March 2022

En la etapa de envejecimiento se producen cambios bio-psico-sociales que convierten a las población de edad avanzada en un colectivo altamente susceptible de presentar alteraciones en el estado nutricional que provoca cambios en la estructura del organismo, tales como la disminución de la masa celular, perdida de proteínas o alteraciones en relación a los líquidos intra y extracelular, esto repercute negativamente en el curso de enfermedades tanto en el desarrollo como en la recuperación. Una valoración nutricional minuciosa es muy importante para poder hacer un abordaje nutricional apropiado, para ello nos podemos valer de múltiples escalas, valoraciones, y pruebas diagnósticas. La utilización del análisis de impedancia bioeléctrica (BIA) se basa en la capacidad del cuerpo humano para conducir la corriente eléctrica. El análisis de la composición corporal consiste en el fraccionamiento de la masa corporal total en sus distintos componentes. Mediante esta revisión bibliográfica desde de fuentes de mayor a menor evidencia , intentamos determinar si la realización de la técnica puede mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas mayores. En virtud de los diferentes artículos estudiados, se observa variabilidad en cuanto los resultados obtenidos. Considerando la impedancia eléctrica como una herramienta útil no invasiva para el análisis de la composición corporal, si bien es verdad que se estima mayor error si el paciente presenta deshidratación o sobrecarga de líquidos. Si lo valoramos en función de nuestro objetivo, nos lleva a la conclusión de que sería necesario una valoración exhaustiva, siendo beneficiosa en personas mayores con obesidad o con insuficiencia renal que son las patologías que han demostrado más eficacia para la técnica, sin embargo las personas con caquexia, con sobrecarga liquida por edemas o con signos de deshidratación podrían darnos error o no ser útil.
Impacto da procura de sensações sexuais nos comportamentos de violência no namoro
Authors: Nelas Paula , Chaves Cláudia , Coutinho Emília
Published: March 2022

Enquadramento: A violência no namoro tem revelado uma elevada preocupação e reconhecimento, tanto a nível científico, como social, pelo impacto que tem na saúde física e mental. Objetivos: Determinar se as sensações sexuais influenciam as práticas e comportamentos de violência no namoro. Participantes: A amostra é constituída por 820 estudantes do ensino superior (média de idade de 20.48 anos (Dp=2.51). Método: É um estudo quantitativo, descrito-correlacionaletransversal. O protocolo deinvestigação foi um questionário que permitiu caracterizar a amostra a nível sociodemográfico, académico, afetivo e sexual. Incluímos a Escala de Práticas e Comportamentos de Violência no Namoro (Dixe, Rodrigues, Freire, Rodrigues, Fernandes & Dias (2010) e a Escala de Procura de Sensações Sexuais (validada para a população portuguesa por Santos, Ferreira, Carvalho & Ferreira, 2017). Resultados: Trata-se de uma amostra maioritariamente feminina (69.4%). Relativamente às práticas e comportamentos de violência no namoro verificamos, nas dimensões em análise, valores máximos de 80,70, para a violência psicológica, 91,67 para a violência stalking e violência sexual e 90.48 para a violência física. Os resultados da árvore de decisão revelam que a procura de sensações sexuais, é a variável que melhor prediz o grau de violência do namoro. Conclusões: Uma vez que a violência nas relações de intimidade causa danos no desenvolvimento físico, psicológico, sexual, reprodutivo, social, académico e profissional, com efeitos na saúde e no bem-estar das pessoas, quer a curto, quer a médio e a longo prazo, propomos ações de sensibilização em contexto escolar promovidas por peritos e debatidas entre pares.
Flipped en respuesta a la diversidad. Nadie atrás, nadie a fuera
Authors: Hernández Sánchez Brizeida , Sánchez García José Carlos , González Cedeño Greisy
Published: March 2022

El mayor aprendizaje en tiempos de pandemia por la COVID-19 es que las escuelas y los estudiantes son más autodirigidos en su propia enseñanza y aprendizaje a menudo obtienen mejores resultados. La autodirección fortalece la participación de todos los estudiantes, genera autenticidad de los aprendizajes y ayuda a las escuelas a respondera mejorar las desigualdades emergentes. Con mayor respuestaen equidad ycalidad para los estudiantes con riesgos vulnerables. La crisis metodológica enfrenta desacuerdos sobre qué enseñar, cómo enseñar y las implicaciones para la equidad educativa. Esta situación sin precedentes cambio los planes curriculares, el acceso a las infraestructuras de banda ancha, se legislaron políticas públicas digitales. La tecnología y el aprendizaje en línea son innovaciones enfocadas en ayudar a la cohesión, estratégica, objetivos y resultados educativos. Este trabajo académico presenta un análisis sistemático de la investigación académica, aplicando indicadores bibliométricos y análisis conglomerados, que definen el estado actual de flipped classroom en estudiantes con necesidades educativas desde la perspectiva de la literatura. Para ello, se utilizó una base de datos de alto impacto, se analizaron un total de 567 artículos, publicados entre 2013 y 2020. La nueva modalidad de la educación a distancias nos hizo reflexionar sobre las necesidades educativas. Basado en la idea de invertir las clases, las sesiones más enriquecedoras consisten en hablar de lo leído. Es satisfactorio compartir con los estudiantes esa experiencia, con la diferencia de que el trabajo que realizamos a veces se acerca más a lo práctico, al tipo de actividades que llamamos tarea. Los hallazgos también muestran cómo este es un campo de estudio relativamente reciente de alta tendencia, con un impacto directo en todos los niveles educativos.
[RETRACTED] Revita Nu SkinCare Helps Losing The Signs of Pigmentation! Restore Your Radiant, Firmer Skin v1
Authors: not provided gadentayana
Published: March 2022

[RETRACTED]

https://revitanu.jimdosite.com/
[RETRACTED] HURRY! CLAIM YOUR TRIAL TODAY (Oros CBD Gummies) v1
Authors: not provided gadentayana
Published: March 2022

[RETRACTED]

https://oros-cbd-gummies-official-2.jimdosite.com/
Stereology v1
Authors: Geertsma Haley
Published: March 2022

This protocol is used to quantify the number of TH+ cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta.
Direitos humanos em balanço enquadramentos teóricos e recortes empíricos
Authors: Possas Mariana , Caldas Caroline , Ramos Núbia , Souza Maíne
Published: March 2022

Human rights have been the subject of intense reflection, especially in the last decade, by a wide variety of researchers and intellectuals from different disciplinary areas. This text is an attempt to give some meaning to this production, focusing on Brazil and in international English language literature (United States/Canada), seeking to distinguish socio-historical literature from normative literature, both legal and political-philosophical. We paid special attention to works that proposed to reflect on the very object of human rights, as an empirical phenomenon to be observed.
De uma transição à outra? Revisitando Transição em resumo, de Wanderley Guilherme dos Santos (1986)
Authors: Lynch Christian
Published: March 2022

Critical comment on the article “Transition in brief: from the recent past to the im-mediate future”, by Wanderley Guilherme dos Santos, published in the first issue of the Revista Brasileira de Ciências Sociais (RBCS) in 1986.
Inheriting Social Media Accounts: Russian and Foreign Experience
Authors: Grin E. S.
Published: March 2022

Due to the development of computer technologies and the use of social networks not only for personal, but also for commercial purposes, the need for legal regulation of relations as to the use of creative work results posted in social networks, as well as issues of inheritance of these results following the death of the account author, has increased. Judicial practice has already seen cases of legal disputes regarding social networks; abroad, separate legal approaches are being developed to determine the legal nature of social media accounts and to consider the results of creative work that are posted on such accounts. In the paper, the author analyzes Russian and foreign experience and makes a conclusion about the way the inheritance of accounts is regulated in domestic and foreign judicial practice. The author analyzes the legal regulation of relations regarding social media accounts and issues of their inheritance, taking into account the creation of a new virtual reality, and reveals possible ways of legal protection of the results of creative work created using virtual and augmented reality technologies.
Basics, types and applications of molecular docking: A review
Authors: Raval Keval , Ganatra Tejas
Published: March 2022

From hit discovery through lead optimization and beyond, computational methods have become an essential part of many drugs development processes. There are typically several steps in the docking process, and each one provides a new level of complexity. Docking methods are used to place small molecules in the active region of the enzyme. In addition to these methods, scoring functions are used to estimate a compound's biological activity by looking at how it interacts with prospective targets. Molecular docking is considered to be the most widely utilized computational phenomenon in the field of computer-aided drug design (CADD). It is being utilized at the academic level as well as in pharmaceutical companies for the lead discovery process. Molecular docking is mainly associated with two terms: ligand and protein. Protein is the target site where ligand may bind to give specific activity. Molecular docking provides information on the ability of the ligand to bind with protein which is known as binding affinity. Applications of molecular docking in drug development have evolved significantly since it was first created to aid in the study of molecular recognition processes between small and large compounds. This review emphasizes the basic features of molecular docking along with the types, approaches and applications.
Estimation of eugenol in different tulsi ayurvedic formulations by RP-HPLC method
Authors: Archakam Sreenivasa Charan , Palur Keerthisikha , Yerragunta Mohan Krishna , Pujari Bhaskar Kuruba
Published: March 2022

The aim of the present is to develop simple, accurate and precise RP-HPLC method for the quantification of Eugenol content in various tulsi based ayurvedic formulations.

HPLC was carried out by reverse –phase technique on a C18 column with a mobile phase composed of Acetonitrile: Methanol in the proportion of 50:50 v/v, at a flow rate of 1.0 mL /min. The detection was carried at 281 nm by UV- Visible detector. The linearity was established in the concentration range of 10-50 mcg/mL with an R value of >0.999. Method and system precision was established with an RSD of < 2%. Accuracy was performed with standard addition spiking method and the results were found to be good. Robustness was established for change in flow rate, mobile phase composition and wavelength of detection. The assay of eugenol was performed in Eugenol drops, tablets, syrup and mother tincture and the results were reported.

The method was found to be specific, precise, accurate and robust. The proposed method can be used for the reliable quantification of Eugenol.
Role of virtual reality technology and robotic rehabilitation in post stroke rehabilitation: Short review
Authors: Kauser Sheeba , Vandanapu Sathish , Jrani Ali , Karmakar Subhasis , Yadav Mahendra
Published: March 2022

This research assesses the viability of automated and computer generated reality advancements utilized for neurological recovery in stroke survivors. It analyzes every recovery innovation thusly prior to considering blends of these technologies and the intricacies of restoration result evaluation. There is great proof that upper-appendage mechanical recovery advancements further develop, strength and exercises of every day living, while the proof for automated lower-appendage restoration is as of now not as persuading. Augmented reality advances additionally further develop exercises of day by day living. While the advantage of these innovations over portion controlled regular restoration is probably going to be little, there is a job for the two advances as a component of a more extensive recovery program, where they might assist with expanding the force and measure of treatment conveyed. Joining mechanical and augmented reality advancements in a recovery program might additionally further develop restoration results and we would advocate randomized controlled preliminaries of these advances in mix.
Study of clinical radiological and EEG profile of patients presenting with first episode of generalized tonic clonic convulsions to a tertiary care center
Authors: Awati Akash M
Published: March 2022

Generalised Tonic Clonic Convulsions are one of the common presentation to the emergency department. Proper understanding and approach to the same for a practicing doctor and education to the patient and its family helps in avoiding recurrence and the myths associated with it. Not many studies have studied the association of this clinical presentation in relation to neuroimaging and electroencephalography, hence this study.

Study was conducted over a period of 2 years where in all patients presenting to the out patient and emergency department with first episode of generalized tonic clonic convulsion were taken into consideration. Necessary investigation were performed especially MRI Brain and EEG, the data was analysed across various variables and corelated.

In present study it was noted around 34% of patients had no specific cause, 60% had normal MRI, 40% had abnormal EEG, incidence was higher in males and in patients in age group between 18-45 years. Stroke and alcohol withdrawal were other common causes followed by metabolic abnormalities, cerebral venous thrombosis, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and cns infections.

A detailed history regarding semiology has to be collected, even though sometimes it is difficult to obtain the same. In such situations neuroimaging like MRI Brain and Electroencephalography should be performed in every patient presenting with first episode of generalized tonic clonic convulsion. This approach helps in preventing the recurrences and identifying the exact cause and management of the patients.
Impact of COVID19 lockdown on seven dimensions of mental health of children (3 to 8 years) in Telengana and Andhra Pradesh states in India
Authors: Korlakunta Anupama , Dharaneedhar  , Khairkar Praveen , D Sarada
Published: March 2022

To assess the effect of COVID-19 lockdown period on seven domains of mental health of children.

The study was a qualitative explorative research conducted in October 2020, using Snow ball method of sampling through online (Google form) questionnaire constructed to assess the mental health and wellbeing of children as perceived by their parents. The online questionnaire consisted of total 35 items presented under seven mental health dimensions. The responses received were 173 of which 17 were invalid and the total sample comprised of 156 parents of children (3-8 years).

The data was subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS to examine the association between the age and mental health in seven domains and also the gender and mental health. In addition, the Kruskal -Wallis H test was used to test the seven null hypotheses formulated.

The findings of the study showed that parents perceived mental health problems in their children in seven dimensions and they did not vary much in their perception of problems. There was strong relationship between the age of the children and five mental health dimensions studied, indicating the need for equipping the parents with necessary skills to help children cope with the mental health problems.
Impact of L-cysteine addition on nixtamalized corn dough: proteins and viscoelasticity
Authors: Torres Chavez Patricia Isabel , Chaidez-Laguna Leslie Denisse , Ramírez-Wong Benjamín , Márquez-Rios Enrique , Islas-Rubio Alma Rosa , Carvajal-Millán Elizabeth , Juárez-Onofre Josué Elías
Published: March 2022

The effect of L-cysteine on the solubility, protein structure, rheological and textural characteristics of corn masas were investigated.  Masa was prepared with L-cysteine at two levels (0.25, 0.50 %). Size exclusion chromatography and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were utilized for protein characterization. Dynamic rheology and textural profile analysis were carried out on masas. There was a significant difference in relative solubility between the control and masas containing L-cysteine.  Treatments with L-cysteine increased the relative solubility of proteins. Determination of FT-IR revealed that addition of L-cysteine did not affects secondary structure of protein.  Data also showed significant differences in textural properties. Masas con L-cysteine improved the springiness, adhesiveness and cohesiveness.  This investigation  reveal that L-cysteine, may improve the elasticity or storage moduli, important characteristics of masas.
Effect of substrates on the kefir grain biomass production and antioxidant activity
Authors: RODRIGUEZ JOSE , Altamirano-Carranza Ana Sophia , Tejeda-Mansir Armando , Noriega-Rodríguez Juan Antonio , Del Toro Sánchez Carmen Lizette
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT

Kefir is a fermented milk with proven bioactivities and popularity worldwide. However, kefir grains biomass (KGB) limits its production. The effect of different substrates on the KGB increase and antioxidant activity (AC) was investigated. Kefir grains were inoculated (6 % w/v) into nonfat goat milk (GMK), nonfat goat milk with brown sugar (GMBSK), cow (1 % fat) milk (CMK), and cow milk brown sugar (CMBSK). The substrates were fermented at 25 ± 3 °C and stopped at 4.7 pH, approximately. Samples were taken at 0, 4 and 8 h incubation time. KGB increase kinetics, productivity, growth rate parameters, physicochemical composition changes, and antioxidant activity were evaluated. Goat milk substrates kefirs had the highest AC values. GMBSK and GMK had 44.8 ± 1.4 % and 37.6 ± 3.6 % AC, respectively. GMK and GMBSK had the highest biomass increments, 147 ± 23 % and 136 ± 7 %, respectively. Also, GMK had the highest (p < 0.01) kefir grains biomass productivity, 2.49 ± 0.24 g/L.h. Goat milk substrate has the potential to increase kefir grains biomass and to improve the bioactivity of kefir beverages.
The many species of humanity
Authors: Wolpoff Milford H. , Caspari Rachel
Published: March 2022

Naming new human species may seem to be a harmless endeavor, of little interest to all but a few specialists playing out the consequences of different evolutionary explanations of phyletic variation, but it has significant implications in how humanity is viewed because studies of race and human evolution are inexorably linked. When essentialist approaches are used to interpret variation in the past as taxonomic rather than populational, as increasingly has been the case, it serves to underscore a typological view of modern human variation.
In terms of how they are treated in analysis, there often seems to be no difference between the species, subspecies, or paleodemes of the past and the populations or races whose interrelationships and demographic history are discussed today. This is not inconsequential because both history and current practice shows that science, especially anthropology, is not isolated from society.
Eightieth year of Peking Man: Current status of Peking Man and the Zhoukoudian site
Authors: Wang Qian , Sun Li
Published: March 2022

The current status of and recent developments around Peking Man and Zhoukoudian are reviewed. The taxonomic status, phylogenetic position, cultural attributes and taphonomy of Peking Man are in question, and a new chronological frame for the Zhoukoudian site is emerging. Post-war excavation, current Peking Man specimens, the research unit, personalities, commemoration, and classic books are introduced, with special reference to the search for the long-missing Peking Man fossils.
Becoming a hominid: Notes on the early taxonomy of Australopithecus
Authors: Štrkalj Goran
Published: March 2022

The paper attempts to trace the first suggestions that the Australopithecus should be classified as a hominid. It would appear that the first classification of Australopithecus as a member of the family Hominidae is to be found in the works of the German anthropologist Paul Adloff and the American scientist Dudley J. Morton. Adloff.s and especially Morton.s views, although largely neglected at the time when they were first articulated, represent the first steps towards the modern position on the taxonomy of Australopithecus.
Review of school leadership research in terms of content analysis
Authors: Üstün Aksoy Yeşim
Published: March 2022

This research aims to conduct content analysis of the published articles on school leadership in the Scopus database and thus ascertain the tendencies of articles that were published in journals. It is a qualitative research with a design involving document analysis. The research has been limited to 88 articles on school leadership within the Scopus database that were subsequently analysed. In the selection process, attention has been paid to select articles published in journals that were indexed in the Scopus database for the period between 2012 and 2017. The articles were analysed through content analysis. Based on the data it was found that school managers are predominantly used as the sample group. It was also indicated that the studies were mostly qualitative and co-authored. As a result of the analysis conducted, it was ascertained that studies on school leadership were generally performed in the United States.
 
Keywords: Education management, leadership, leadership approaches, Scopus, content analysis
Factors that affect the optimisation of vocational high school facilities and infrastructure
Authors: Cindy Agustin Hanivia , Sugiyono Sugiyono , Usman Husaini , Herwin Herwin
Published: March 2022

This study aims to examine and prove the factors that affect the optimisation of facilities and infrastructure in vocational high schools. The research design used is a quantitative research method. The study was conducted at vocational high schools. The research sample used was 125 teachers in vocational high schools. Data collection techniques were carried out using a questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistical analysis and multiple regression analysis through t-test. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant effect on the optimisation of facilities and infrastructure for the rule factor, partnership factor, student needs factor and motivation factor. The findings of this study prove that the optimisation of facilities and infrastructure is very important to be developed and implemented in vocational high schools.        

 

Keywords: Educational facilities and infrastructure, vocational high schools.
The development of computational skills of visually impaired children of primary classes
Authors: Marzhan Danabayeva , Maxat Dairabayev , Akbota Autayeva , Moldabek Kulakhmet , Rabiga Kenzhebekova , Rysbayeva Galiya
Published: March 2022

With this study, it is aimed to improve the calculation skills of visually impaired children in elementary grades. In this context, it is expected that mathematical calculation skills will gain meaning and target behaviours will be changed with the help of technology for visually impaired children. The study group of the study consists of 78 primary school students who continue to study in voluntary primary school classes. The research was conducted in the fall academic year of 2021–2022. In the study, elementary school students were given training on calculations in a 4-week classroom environment in order to gain calculation and mathematical skills. In the study, the ‘calculation skills’ measurement tool was used to collect data. The measurement tool used in the study was delivered to primary school students with the help of their families and collected. The analysis of the data was carried out using the SPSS programme; frequency analysis was carried out using the t-test; and the results obtained were added to the study accompanied by tables. As a result of the research, it was found that the calculation and mathematics skills of primary school students have a positive effect on education, as well as on motivation in their studies.

Keywords: Elementary school students, calculation skills, visually impaired students;
Scientific and pedagogical bases of teaching values to future specialists
Authors: Dinara Dauletaliyeva , Sholpan Arzymbetova , Nurzak Duissenov , Bikamal Toktagul , Gulnar Kylyshbaeva
Published: March 2022

As a problem situation in the research, it was aimed to teach the future specialists the basic scientific and pedagogical values and it was planned to proceed accordingly. The research was conducted in the fall semester of 2021–2022, and the study was conducted with the participation of 384 university students using a quantitative research model. In the research, scientific and pedagogical core values were taught online for 3 weeks at the activity level to university students. In the study, a scientific and pedagogical foundation measurement tool was used to collect data developed by the researchers. The scale used in the study was delivered to university students and collected by the online method. The analysis of the data was carried out using the SPSS programme; frequency analysis was carried out with the t-test; and the results obtained were added to the study accompanied by tables. As a result of the research, the university has adopted that the students will be the experts of the future, and it has been concluded that their level of knowledge on scientific and pedagogical foundations is good and that they are looking forward to this situation as the experts of the future.

 

Keywords: Basic values, scientific and pedagogical, distance education, university students
Comparative analysis of heat release in a reciprocating engine powered by a regular fuel with pyrolysis oil addition
Authors: Chwist Mariusz
Published: March 2022

The article presents a comparative analysis of heat release rate in a spark-ignition reciprocating engine powered by various fuels as follows: butanol, gasoline, a mixture of butanol with tire pyrolysis oil (TPO), and mixtures of butanol with oil from biomass pyrolysis (BPO). Selected combustion phases were analyzed. Additionally, ignition delay calculations were performed in the ANSYS Chemkin Pro program for the surrogates of the tested fuels. The ignition delay was calculated using the closed isolated homogeneous reactor. Popular surrogates quoted in numerous publications were used as substitute fuels. The paper presents an original four components surrogate of oil from tire pyrolysis.
Mitochondria as a Critical Target of COVID-19 Pathogenesis
Authors: ROS Editorial Office
Published: March 2022

Over the past two years, findings from several research studies published in highly influential journals pointed to a critical involvement of mitochondria in the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV2 infections. Among the most exciting findings are the involvement of (i) the “mitochondrial ROS–HIF-1α –glycolysis” axis, (ii) the “cGAS–STING” signaling, and (iii) the “mitochondrial apoptotic cell death” pathway.
(First online: March 3, 2022)
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Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Terhadap Manajemen Diri Pasien Prolanis Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di Puskesmas 1 Purwokerto Timur
Authors: Nurasyifa Siti Rohimah , RU Vitis Vini Fera , Pratiwi Hening
Published: March 2022

Diabetes mellitus merupakan penyakit yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar glukosa darah dan termasuk penyakit jangka panjang yang membutuhkan manajemen diri yang baik. Faktor pengetahuan memegang peranan yang sangat penting terhadap manajemen diri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan terhadap manajemen diri pasien. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Dimana tingkat Pengetahuan diukur menggunakan Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ-24) dan tingkat manajemen diri diukur menggunakan Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Puskesmas I Purwokerto Timur dan pengambilan data menggunakan teknik Accidental Sampling. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 35. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan terhadap manajemen diri p = 0,000 dengan nilai r = 0,838 pada pasien prolanis diabetes mellitus tipe 2.
Model Implemen Pencabut Batang Jagung Tipe Alur Ganda
Authors: Bimantara Maulana , Revora Naufal Fikri , Pratiwi Wulan , Sudarmaji Arief
Published: March 2022

Saat ini penanganan limbah budidaya tanaman jagung, khususnya pencabutan batang jagung, masih bersifat tradisional. Banyak pertani masih menggunakan tenaga manusia dengan menggunakan sabit dan parang. PKM ini bertujuan merancang desain Implemen Pencabut Batang Jagung. Bentuk implemen memudahkan untuk diterapkan dengan traktor tangan yang banyak dimiliki petani/kelompok tani. Metodologi pelaksanaan PKM ini adalah desain dan simulasi dengan tahapan identifikasi masalah/kebutuhan, desain alat (fungsional dan struktural) dan analisa. Desain menggunakan software solidworks sedangkan simulasi menggunakan software auto cad. Implemen pencabut batang jagung tersusun atas bagian garpu pengangkat, pengatur kedalaman pencabutan, dan pengait. Desain bahan meggunakan besi strip ukuran 6 mm x 32 mm, besi strip ukuran 3 mm x 32 mm, besi pipa diameter 1 inch, serta besi beton diameter 12,1 mm dan 6 mm. Dimensi implemen adalah panjang 61 cm, tinggi 33 cm, serta lebar 70 cm, dengan perkiraan bobot ±10 kg. Implemen dapat untuk dua alur sekaligus. Kapasitas kerja alat ini mirip dengan kapasitas kerja bajak singkal karena prinsip kerja alat sama yaitu ditarik menggunakan traktor dengan pola lintasan bolak-balik rapat. Untuk luas 1 hektar, kedalaman pembajakan 10-20 cm, kecepatan 0,3-1,67 m/detik, dengan pola bajak bolak-balik rapat, bajak singkal mempuyai kapasitas kerja rata-rata adalah 2,492 jam/ha. Tahanan tarik (draft) dari implemen pencabut batang jagung diperkirakan sebesar 13,74 kg. Sedangkan estimasi biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk pemakaian implemen pencabut batang jagung pada luas lahan 1 hektar sebesar Rp. 890.253,00
Analisis Implementasi Strategi Pengembangan Baitul Maal Wa Tamwil Ben Sejahtera Kroya dengan Metode SWOT dan Balanced Scorecard
Authors: Muchlishoh Rifaul , Syukron Amin , Soolany Christian
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi yang diterapkan oleh BMT Ben Sejahtera Kroya dalam pengembangan lembaganya guna mensejahterakan anggotanya dalam menghadapi perkembangan zaman. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara observasi, wawancara, kuesioner, dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara mengukur visi dan misi menggunakan analisis SWOT. Analisa data dilakukan dengan cara mengukur masing-masing perspektif yakni finansial, customer, proses bisnis internal, serta pembelajaran dan pertumbuhan. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan analisis SWOT BMT Ben Sejahtera Kroya berada pada posisi kuadran I (Strenght dan Opportunity) yakni perusahaan menghadapi pasar yang besar dan juga memiliki nilai lebih dalam proses operasional. Dimana BMT Ben Sejahtera Kroya harus mampu memanfaatkan peluang yang ada dengan kekuatan dan kompetensi yang dimiliki. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran kinerja dengan metode balanced scorecard BMT Ben Sejahtera Kroya dilihat dari empat perspektif secara garis besar sudah terpenuhi dengan sangat baik.
Making the invisible visible: Value and reward for personal tutors
Authors: Rapley Eve , Talbot Michael
Published: March 2022

Academic advising is a core part of the teaching and learning experience in higher education, but it receives little recognition in workload allocations or institutional prestige. We argue that it is high time that personal tutoring and academic advising be valued and esteemed as much as other core parts of the modern academy.
China, Aspiration to Become a Football Superpower: What We Need to Know?
Authors: Humbert Jean , Wei Junying , Burgos Villa Cristian Camilo , Daru Gama Rivas
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this paper is to find out the Chinese aspiration towards the football business, its risks, and challenges. Specifically, we examined the national and international Chinese investments in football. Our findings revealed that there is a tendency for China to offer a large sum of money to the foreign players to attract them but also to invest in infrastructure across the country in order to increase the population's interest in this sport. Imperative to know that, the state's asserted desire to become a great football nation, public and private companies must follow people’s hope. It has been found that big football fans are involved in the development of football in China. The goal is to find the future Mbappé or Ronaldo who will allow China to shine as a football superpower.
Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a Novel Antimicrobial Peptide from the Skin of Kaloula pulchra
Authors: Chen Xin , Xu Xueqing , Gao Yahua , Chai Jinwei , Wu Jiena , Zeng Qingye , Guo Ruiyin
Published: March 2022

Background:

Bacterial resistance to all currently available conventional antibiotics has caused
a global public health crisis and led to an imperative search for new agents. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)
are essential components of host innate immune defense against microbial invasions.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to report a novel AMP, brevinin-2KP, from the skin of the black
Kaloula pulchra frog and describe its structural and biological characterization.

Materials and Methods:

The physical and chemical parameters of brevinin-2KP were predicted with the
ExPASy Bioinformatics Resource Portal. The assembled sequences were aligned with ClustalW, and the
phylogenetic tree was constructed using Mega. Circular dichroism (CD) experiments were carried out to
identify the secondary structure and the stability of peptide in different solvent environments. The
cytotoxicity of brevinin-2KP was evaluated by the MTT test. To determine antibacterial activity of brevinin-
2KP, a standard two-fold broth dilution method was used. SEM was carried out to observe the morphological
change in the bacterial treated by brevinin-2KP. The live/dead bacterial viability was measured
with a LIVE/DEAD® BacLight kit. Histamine release and mast cell degranulation assays were
performed.

Results:

The precursor of brevinin-2KP contains 72 amino acid residues, including a conserved signal peptide,
acidic propeptide with KR residues, and mature peptide with a sequence of
GVITDALKGAAKTVAAELLKKAHCKLTNSC. Phylogenetic analysis based on the amino acid sequences
of 34 brevinin-2 peptides from 30 anuran species demonstrates that K. pulchra is genetically
closely related to the genus Hylarana. The CD spectra analysis indicates that brevinin-2KP adopts
random coil in the water and an organized α-helical conformation in SDS solution. Further, this secondary
structure is stable under high salt and high-temperature conditions. Brevinin-2KP is weakly active towards
the tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as fungi due to its membranolytic
action. Moreover, brevinin-2KP inhibits the proliferation of several mammal cells with IC50 values
ranging from 3.27 to 59.75 μM. In addition, brevinin-2KP promotes degranulation and histamine release
of mast cells, indicating that it is involved in the inflammatory response.

Conclusion:

This is the first report on AMP identified from the skin of K. pulchra. Brevinin-2KP adopts a
typical amphipathic α-helix conformation in membrane mimic environment and shows antimicrobial
and antitumor activities by potential membranolytic mechanism. In addition, brevinin-2KP can promote
degranulation and histamine release of mast cells. Brevinin-2KP is expected to become a good drug
temple molecule.