bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physical Demarcation of Infrastructures and Making Detailed Physical Planning of Kabeza Site
Authors: Jean Pierre Habiyaremye
Published: September 2020

Physical infrastructure is the basic physical structures required for an economy to function and survive. Rwanda, like other developing countries, its plans focus on the contribution to the solutions of the problems arising due to lack of well-planned local urban upgrading. The infrastructures that allow the access to the services of the population within the country must be maintained, constructed for better achievement of different goals at different levels from the Central Government up to the Sector level. This paper therefore examined the demarcation of the infrastructures and the detailed physical planning as a key component of urban development initiatives. The physical planning sets the boundaries with the purpose of having access to affordable infrastructure services for consumption purposes serves to improve household welfare and affordable housing and promoting a sustainable development for the benefit of the individual, for society and for future generation. The project was conducted in Kabeza Site, Eastern Province, Bugesera District, Ntarama Sector, Kanzenze Cell and Kabeza Village in Republic of Rwanda. Experimental and survey design have used in the assessment of existing physical features around and within the site by observation method using DGNSS Receivers, total stations, and also used participatory approach method.  The study involved a detailed topographic survey of existing features on Kabeza site. An interview of stakeholders was conducted during the community meeting. Different software were used to analyze and re-plotting the physical planning. Findings show that the rapid rate of urbanization has led to a rise in informal settlements facing with the problems including lack of sufficient and adequate basic infrastructures. The paper therefore canvassed for immediate evolvement of physical plan that emphasis on keeping commitment to place, establishing the quality recreation areas and diversifying housing options. It was revealed that there is a need to establish a well planned roads, create a more vibrate village centre, light the whole village, establish a water system in the whole village, maintain and upgrade the greening village infrastructures, build community from assessment of the existing land use land cover, make and re-plot the new parcels within the site and to design details physical layout plan of that region. The study recommends the project implementers and partners, particularly the local government units overseeing the project site, to pay attention to the growing income disparity and the exclusion of the poorest from development process. Government should identify measures to minimize the interventions that impact negatively the life of well-being of the poor and women and also to minimize negative impacts on the environment.
Software simulation of residual stresses in high frequency longitudinal welded pipes
Authors: Mjaku Malush
Published: September 2020

Abstract - This paper presents results obtained via experimental measurements of residual stresses in the cross sections of longitudinal welded pipes. The experiment was carried out in different dimensions and thickness of the pipes where it is noticed that the smaller the diameter of the pipe, the greater the residual stresses because the degree of deformation during the production of pipes with smaller diameter is greater. Residual stresses are measured with strain gages set upon the outside wall of the pipes. The results received from the gages show considering amount of stress captured in the pipe wall because of cold plastic formation process [1]. After cutting the rings, their opening is recorded, which is variable and depends on several parameters such as: ring diameter, thickness, type of material and its reinforcement as well as the degree of plastic deformation when forming the pipe sheath [2]. The difference in the display of the measuring tape when the ring is in the open and closed position is the residual deformation that corresponds to the residual stresses that occurs in the ring.
Türkiye’de yetişen Teucrium polium L. bitkisinin HepG2 hücre hattı üzerindeki etkisi
Authors: SANCAK Nur , KIRKIK Duygu , ALRAGABİ Jalal
Published: September 2020

Giriş: Bazı bitkiler yüzyıllardır tıbbi amaç için kullanılmaktadır. Gastrointestinal bozukluklar, inflamasyon ve diyabet gibi bazı patolojik durumlar için İranlılar ve Türkiye’nin Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi tarafından kullanılan en popüler bitkilerden biri Teucrium polium L. ‘dir. Literatürde Teucrium polium L. bitkisinin toksisite seviyesini gösteren herhangi bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada amaç; Türkiye’de yetişen Teucrium polium L. bitkisinin HepG2 hücre hattı üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda; Teucrium polium L. bitkisinin toksisite seviyesini ölçmek için hücre kültürü metodu kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmamızdan elde ettiğimiz sonuçlara göre; Teucrium polium L. bitkisi HepG2 hücre hattı üzerinde yüksek oranda toksisite göstermiştir.Sonuç: Çalışmamızdan elde ettiğimiz bilgilere göre; insanların bilinçsizce tükettiği ürünler doğal da olsa, insan vücudunda tahribatlara, hücre ölümlerine, DNA kırıklarına neden olabilir. Teucrium polium L. bitkisi insanlar tarafından kullanıma uygun değildir.
Detection of CD40 polymorphisms and investigation of their relationship with possible diseases by bioinformatics methods
Authors: KIRKIK Duygu , AKÇEŞME Faruk Berat , KALKANLI Sevgi
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Cluster of differentiation 40 is a type I transmembrane protein present on B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and endothelial cells, which leads to cell activation, proliferation, adhesion or differentiation. Previous studies have been shown that cluster of differentiation 40 polymorphisms have an effect on some autoimmune diseases. The purpose of this study is to investigate all single nucleotide polymorphisms found on cluster of differentiation 40 gene and their relationship with possible diseases by bioinformatics methods.

Material and Method: In our study, while GeneMANIA was used to investigate the relationship between cluster of differentiation 40 gene with other genes, SIFT was employed to select sequences with similar functions as cluster of differentiation 40 gene. Exome cariant server was used for the detection of changes between populations and suspected single nucleotide polymorphisms. Mr single nucleotide polymorphisms Software was used to predict the effect of binding of 3’untranslated regions single nucleotide polymorphisms to miRNA. In order to analyze the untranslated regions on single nucleotide polymorphisms, UTRscan tool was used. UbPred was used for the estimation of the potential ubiquitination site on proteins, and Prosite was used to define the functional characterization of the protein domain.

Results: In our study, a total of 85 single nucleotide polymorphisms were found for cluster of differentiation 40 gene, and rs147677886, rs11569321, rs7273698, rs11086998, and rs139300926 were detected as suspected single nucleotide polymorphisms. Moreover, these single nucleotide polymorphisms may be associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Kawasaki disease.

Conclusion: Currently, there are no studies in the literature about single nucleotide polymorphisms of cluster of differentiation 40 gene that we detected by bioinformatics methods. In the future, we aim to evaluate this study experimentally in the laboratory and contribute to population-specific studies.
Bir hemodiyaliz hastasında Citrobacter freundii’ye bağlı gelişen kateter ilişkili kan dolaşım yolu enfeksiyonu
Authors: GELİŞİGÜZEL Gülşah , TUNCER ERTEM Gunay , CESUR Salih , ARSLAN Kader , YÜKSEKKAYA Esra , ATAMAN HATİPOGLU Cigdem , KINIKLI Sami
Published: September 2020

Kateter enfeksiyonlarının en sık etkeni cilt florasında yer alan stafilokoklar ve diğer Gram-pozitif bakterilerdir. Citrobacter freundii çoğunlukla nozokomiyal enfeksiyon etkeni olup, nadiren kateterle ilişkili kan dolaşımı enfeksiyonuna neden olur. Bu yazıda, hemodiyalize giren 39 yaşında bir erkek hastada Citrobacter freundii’ye bağlı olarak gelişen kateterle kan dolaşımı enfeksiyonu gelişen bir olgu sunuldu. Hastanın periferik kan ve kateter içinden alınan kan örneklerinde Citrobacter freundii üredi. Hastaya 10 gün süreyle seftriakson tedavisi uygulandı, tedavi sonrası klinik ve laboratuvar bulguları düzeldi. Sonuç olarak, özellikle hemodiyalize giren hastalarda nadirde olsa Gram-negatif bakterilerden Citrobacter freundii’nin de kateterle ilişkili kan dolaşımnı enfeksiyonu etkeni olabileceği akılda tutulmalıdır.
Guilty of Poverty: How Bail Reform Efforts in California Will Fail Like Their Federal Predecessors
Authors: Planthaber Sara E.
Published: September 2020

N/A
The 1969 Tax Reform Act and Charities: Fifty Years Later
Authors: Hackney Philip
Published: September 2020

The 1969 Tax Reform Act and Charities: Fifty Years Later
Effects of the language of instruction on Learning in Secondary Education and Its Implications in Workforce Preparation: A Case of Dodoma, Tanzania
Authors: Kisumbe Lazaro Alman , Mashala Yusuph Lameck
Published: September 2020

This paper intended to examine the effects of the language of instruction on Learning in secondary education in Dodoma region, and its implications in the preparation of the country's workforce. A total of 288 form one students at Ipala and Hombolo secondary schools were purposely and conveniently selected into the study. Standard seven past papers including geography, history, and civics were used as model papers to test the effects of the Language of instruction in students' learning. The same examination was conducted to the same group in each school administered in English and later in the Kiswahili language. A Paired sample t-test (dependent t-test) for paired samples was used to compare means of correlated samples and to test the null hypothesis that "there is no significant difference between the sample means". Each sample from the population was measured twice. It was revealed that the students' scores in the examination differed due to the difference in the language of instructions. The scores in grade-wise revealed the poor performance of the examination in English when compared with the same examination in the Kiswahili language. We found that the use of the English language inhibits the understanding of the subject and limits the rooms for active involvement in training and learning, which is a prerequisite for understanding. Thus, it affects the efforts to prepare the future workforce to propel the realization of education policy and its contribution to the Tanzania National Development Vision 2025. We recommend designing operational strategies for implementation of the National Education and Training Policy, 2014 that directs the use of Kiswahili as the instructional language in all levels of education in the country.
Analyzing Bottom-Up Budgeting and Assistance to Disadvantaged Municipalities Program: Toward Participatory Budget Implementation in the First Legislative District of Nueva Ecija in the Philippines
Authors: Ubungen Ronnel Santarita , Ramos Vilma B. , Casimiro Rosemarie Riguer
Published: September 2020

From 2014 to 2016, the Province of Nueva Ecija has been a constant beneficiary of the Bottom-up Budgeting (BuB) program. However, the change in administration and priority programs since June 2016 has resulted not only in the change in nomenclature from BuB to Assistance to Disadvantaged Municipalities (ADM) Program but also to the shift in focus in terms of budget share and activity options. While both programs are into breaking the cycle of poverty and empowering the local communities, there are differences among the two that needs further attention. The paper evaluates the implementation of the BuB program in the first legislative district of Nueva Ecija from 2014 to 2016 and analyzes the trend as as bases for the crafting of programs at par with the recent and future developments. The study employed descriptive qualitative research design particularly, content analysis to answer the research question. The study found out that a more responsive ADM program entails greater participation from the stakeholders such as civil society organizations with the technical guidance of the local government units.
PPI-induced hypomagnesemia with secondary hypoparathyroidism and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome restricted to the cerebellum
Authors: Y Mishriki Yehia
Published: September 2020

No Abstract
Símbolos do Velho e Novo Mundo: Uma Leitura dos Símbolos Míticos de Jean Chevalier pela Semiótica de Charles S. Peirce em Hora de Aventura (Pendleton Ward, 2007)
Authors: Mendonça Janiclei A.
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo tem por objetivo realizar a leitura semiótica dos símbolos míticos presentes no episódio Filhos de Marte (Ep. 04, 4ª Temporada, 2014) da série de animação Hora de Aventura  (Pendleton Ward, 2007). Para tanto, o texto se embasa em autores como Charles Sanders Peirce, Jean Chevalier, David Harvey, Stuart Hall e Zigmunt Bauman. A metodologia utilizada é o estudo bibliográfico e a análise semiótica. Como primeiras considerações, se verifica que os símbolos míticos presentes na animação são ressignificados culturalmente e, portanto, símbolos míticos e semióticos apresentam conexões que possibilitam a estruturação da tessitura audiovisual híbrida da obra.
Rural Híbrido em Sofrimento: Mineiridade, Mineração e Trauma no Jornal A Sirene
Authors: Campos Janaína De Oliveira , Mafra Rennan Lanna Martins
Published: September 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo examinar as configurações de sentido sobre mineração, mineiridade e ruralidade presentes no jornal A Sirene – publicação mensal elaborada na perspectiva dos sujeitos atingidos pela tragédia ambiental de Mariana (2015). Para isso, foram analisadas narrativas jornalísticas de trauma e sofrimento presentes no jornal. Como proposta metodológica, foi utilizada a análise de paisagens textuais (textos verbo-visuais), de Gonzalo Abril (2012). Como principais resultados, identifica-se que a emergência da tragédia provoca, nas narrativas, esforços em demonstrar um rural perdido, pautado por traços de uma mineiridade que, em outros tempos, encobriu os conflitos da mineração em Minas Gerais. Além disso, foi possível identificar que o jornal A Sirene evidenciou, com as narrativas construídas, fortes traços de um rural híbrido, em sofrimento.
Redes sociais: a construção do conhecimento por meio de imagens
Authors: Teixeira Elisabete Freitas , Backes Luciana
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo emerge a partir da construção do conhecimento por meio de imagens fotográficas e suas representações compartilhadas na mídia social “Facebook” pelos alunos de fotografia. O problema se apresenta do seguinte modo: Quais as pistas encontradas na rede social a partir das imagens compartilhadas para a construção do conhecimento? Os dados empíricos observados a cada postagem foram submetidos a metodologia de análise do conteúdo na perspectiva da semiótica, conectando imagem, escrita e ampliação do conhecimento no processo criativo. As redes sociais viabilizaram a construção do conhecimento no compartilhar das imagens, fomentando a interação, os laços afetivos, as novas maneiras de perceber, ver, olhar, sentir, significar e representar não só pelo sujeito/autor, mas pelo “outro”.
EXPERIÊNCIAS DAS MÃES NO CUIDADO AO RECÉM-NASCIDO PREMATURO NO MÉTODO CANGURU
Authors: Cantanhede Edna Silva , Amorim Fernanda Cláudia Miranda , Oliveira Adélia Dalva Da Silva , Almeida Camila Aparecida Pinheiro Landim , Santos Samira Mendes dos
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: descrever experiências das mães no cuidado ao recém-nascido prematuro no método canguru.Método: estudo descritivo exploratório, de natureza qualitativa, realizado em uma maternidade pública de Teresina-PI, região nordeste do Brasil. A coleta, com mães entre 18 e 45 anos, ocorreu em agosto e setembro de 2018. Os dados foram analisados pelo Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo.Resultados: os relatos das mães deram origem a cinco ideias centrais: Cuidados das mães com o recém-nascido no método canguru; Método Canguru: benefícios para o bebê; Facilidades vivenciadas pelas mães no método canguru; Dificuldades no método canguru vivenciadas pelas mães; A relação do vínculo afetivo mãe/filho no método canguru.Conclusão: a vivência no método canguru possibilita a construção do vínculo afetivo, favorece o crescimento e desenvolvimento do bebê, proporciona segurança e autonomia à mãe na consolidação do cuidado. No entanto, as mães apontaram dificuldades relacionadas aos cuidados com o recém-nascido.
HISTÓRIA DE FAMILIARES QUE VIVENCIAM O CUIDADO DA PESSOA COM DEPRESSÃO
Authors: Prandini Naiane Ribeiro , Nimtz Miriam Aparecida , Paes Marcio Roberto , Macedo Monica , Lages Rita De Cassia Nascimento
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: conhecer a vivência dos familiares no cuidado da pessoa com depressão.Método: História Oral Temática Híbrida, tendo como local um CAPS III de uma capital do sul do Brasil, com coleta de dados entre janeiro e julho de 2019. Incluiu-se o familiar da pessoa em tratamento para depressão no CAPS III e excluídos os que tinham indisponibilidade de tempo, e familiar menor de idade. Participaram quatro colaboradores.Resultados: revelaram-se quatro temas: O entendimento sobre a doença e a trajetória nos serviços de saúde; O impacto da depressão na saúde física e na questão financeira dos familiares; O impacto emocional da depressão nas relações familiares; A religiosidade e a espiritualidade como elementos para o enfrentamento da doença.Conclusão: a depressão vulnerabiliza e afeta a vida do familiar. A pesquisa sugestiona focos de intervenção dos profissionais de saúde com os familiares, agrega conhecimento sobre a depressão e colabora para novas pesquisas.
Editorial
Authors: Musial Nayane Thais Krespi
Published: September 2020

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Instruções aos Autores
Authors: Musial Nayane Thais Krespi
Published: September 2020

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Estrutura de Capital em Empresas Brasileiras Listadas na B3 nos Anos Antecedentes ao Pedido de Falência ou Recuperação Judicial
Authors: Baldissera Juliano Francisco , Fiirst Clóvis , Rovaris Nicole Regina , Dall'Asta Denis
Published: September 2020

O entendimento a respeito das características que envolvem as empresas no período que antecede ao pedido de falência ou recuperação judicial é importante, pois permite fornecer informações de qualidade para os usuários internos e externos a esta entidade. Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar o comportamento da estrutura de capital das empresas listadas na B3, nos cinco anos que antecedem o pedido de falência ou recuperação judicial. Para tanto, delineou-se esse estudo como descritivo, documental e quantitativo. Selecionou-se dois grupos de empresas, solventes e insolventes, 18 para cada grupo, somando o total de 36 empresas nesta amostra. A coleta de dados foi a partir da base Economática® e também de informações obtidas do website da B3. A análise de dados foi feita a partir de três equações econométricas, considerando um modelo de dados em painel. Conclui-se que no período que antecede ao pedido de falência ou recuperação judicial, a estrutura de capital dessas entidades é explicada pela pecking order. Estas empresas não apresentam ativos suficientes para cobrir com as obrigações com terceiros, necessitando do capital de terceiros, já que a primeira opção de captar recursos próprios não está disponível, por isso não buscam um endividamento ótimo. Essa pesquisa contribui no sentido que identifica como se estrutura o capital das empresas em uma situação como essa a partir do suporte teórico adequado.
Instruções aos autores
Authors: Musial Nayane Thais Krespi
Published: September 2020

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NÍVEL DA TRANSPARÊNCIA PÚBLICA E AS CARACTERÍSTICAS SOCIOECONÔMICAS DOS MUNICÍPIOS BRASILEIROS
Authors: Vieira Michelle Aparecida , De Ávila Lucimar Antônio Cabral
Published: September 2020

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar qual a relação entre as características socioeconômicas e o nível de transparência pública praticada pelos municípios brasileiros. Compreender como se dá essa relação é importante para identificar os motivos que fazem com que alguns municípios sejam mais transparentes do que outros, mesmo subordinados a uma legislação de âmbito nacional. Posto isso, utilizou-se a técnica de Análise de Clusters para identificar se agrupamentos de municípios formados a partir de suas características socioeconômicas se diferenciam quanto ao nível de Transparência Pública. Os resultados apontaram para a existência de 3 estruturas socioeconômicas (clusters), as quais se diferenciam conforme o desempenho médio dos indicadores utilizados para a aglutinação. Confirmou-se, pelo teste Qui-Quadrado que existe relação de dependência entre as condições sociais, econômicas e fiscais e o nível de transparência da gestão pública municipal, exceto para os municípios da região Norte, o que sugere a existência de outros fatores não incluídos neste estudo.
POR QUE OS ALUNOS DE CIÊNCIAS CONTÁBEIS FALTAM? OBSTÁCULOS QUE ACADÊMICOS DE CIÊNCIAS CONTÁBEIS ENFRENTAM PARA A CONCLUSÃO DO CURSO
Authors: Carim dos Santos Trauthman Eduarda , Raifur Kos Sonia
Published: September 2020

A assimilação dimensionaria dos fundamentos do absenteísmo, aqui em específico o acadêmico e as suas correlações no cotidiano universitário, tem se mostrado uma demanda de interesse crescente dentro das instituições de ensino superior. O presente estudo tem como objetivo a discussão a respeito dos motivos relacionados ao absenteísmo acadêmico no curso de graduação de Ciências Contábeis na Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste. A amostra é formada por 178 alunos, os quais participaram da pesquisa de forma voluntária, respondendo o questionário formado por 20 questões sendo 16 retiradas de outras pesquisas e 4 foram sugeridas nesse estudo, de forma presencial, durante o horário de aula. O tratamento dos dados foi feito por meio de Estatística Descritiva, por meio da qual foi possível conhecer o perfil dos respondentes, bem como a opinião dos mesmos quanto aos motivos que causam absenteísmo acadêmico. Também foi utilizada a Análise Fatorial - Análise de Componentes Principais, a qual gerou os seguintes constructos: Financeiro e Familiar; Materiais e Métodos; Trabalho; Doenças e Imprevistos. Os resultados indicam que o que desencadeia o absenteísmo está centralizado principalmente nas questões apresentadas como “Trabalhar no contra turno das aulas”, “Cansaço causado pelo trabalho”, “Imprevistos de última hora”, “Baixa motivação acadêmica”, “Ficar em casa para realizar trabalhos”, “Ficar e estudar para a avaliação” e “Morte de familiares e amigos”. Quanto aos constructos, tem-se as seguintes médias: Trabalho 3,17; Doenças e Imprevistos: 2,86; Materiais e Métodos: 2,29 e Financeiro e Familiar: 2,19, ou seja, os alunos faltam, entre outros motivos, em decorrência de fatores relacionados a trabalho, imprevistos de última hora e baixa motivação acadêmica.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Vargas Jose V. C.
Published: September 2020

O editorial de Thermal Engineering deste número continua a discussão sobre as necessidades de pesquisa científica em áreas vitais em que a engenharia térmica tem participação destacada. O objetivo principal é o de motivar os leitores, dentro de suas especialidades, a identificar possíveis assuntos para sua pesquisa futura.A ampla discussão das preocupações globais e sua relação com a energia levou Smalley (prêmio Nobel de Química de 1996) a propor uma lista priorizada dos dez principais problemas que a humanidade deve enfrentar no século XXI: 1. Energia; 2. Água; 3. Comida; 4. Meio Ambiente; 5. Pobreza; 6. Terrorismo e Guerra; 7. Doença; 8. Educação; 9. Democracia e 10. População. Smalley argumentou que, com a energia como item chave no topo da lista, é possível resolver todos os outros problemas, mas a energia de baixo custo é a única direção plausível a seguir. Portanto, a energia é o fator mais importante que afeta a prosperidade de qualquer sociedade.Nesse contexto, os projetos da engenharia moderna têm apresentado uma tendência crescente de se basear inteiramente em modelos matemáticos apropriados, que por sua vez permitem a otimização do sistema como um todo para máximo desempenho e mínimo consumo energético por exemplo. Esse esforço pode contribuir para levar a humanidade a evoluir para o equilíbrio sustentável entre o consumismo e a tecnologia disponível no tempo presente, em um processo auto-regulatório para a sobrevivência de todas as espécies. Esta discussão busca contextualizar e demonstrar a importância do assunto otimização termodinâmica para a sociedade moderna. Trata-se de uma área de pesquisa que na opinião deThermal Engineering poderia despertar o interesse dos leitorespor ter grande potencial para importantes avanços científicos.A missão de Thermal Engineeringé a de documentar o progresso científico em áreas relacionadas à engenharia térmica (e.g., energia, petróleo, combustíveis renováveis). Nós estamos confiantes que continuaremos a receber submissões de artigos que contribuam para o progresso da ciência.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE INLET FLOW IN A NON-PREMIXED COMBUSTION CHAMBER
Authors: Trevisan B. P. , Dourado W. M. C.
Published: September 2020

The evaluation, validation and development of the models used in computation fluid dynamics requires the availability of experimental data for which the boundary conditions, especially the conditions of the inlet flow, are well defined. Laser diagnostics techniques provide experimental data used in computational fluid dynamics and are a powerful tool for measurements of the mean properties and fluctuations of the turbulent flow because they are non-intrusive methods, with high repetition rate and high spatial and temporal resolution. Therefore, in the present work an experimental study of the inlet flow (inert and combusting flows) in a non-premixed combustion chamber is presented. The velocity measurements were carried out using a laser Doppler velocimeter at the entrance region of the combustion chamber. An asymmetry on the mean flow and an increase on the total velocity fluctuations with the increase of the equivalence ratio was observed. The major effect on the increase of the equivalence ratio was a presence of a coherent movement on large scales associated to the flame brush dynamics.
APPLICATION OF BAYESIAN TECHNIQUE FOR PARAMETER ESTIMATION IN A FERMENTATIVE PROCESS
Authors: Azevedo C. A. , Falcón C. T. , Estumano D. C.
Published: September 2020

In the current world scenario, there has been noted an increase of researches on biofuel production, more specifically bioethanol, produced from biomass, in order to obtain more information to analyze, understand and optimize this fermentative process. The modelling process, which include the determination of a kinetic model and its respective parameters, is a fundamental step in defining operating strategies and understand how the experimental conditions can affect the optimal system operating conditions. The present work employs a bayesian technique to estimate the parameters of a classical kinectic model used by Silva and collaborators (2016), because, unlike the classical techniques, it is possible to take into account the uncertainty of the measurements and the prior knowledge of the parameters can be accounted for in probabilistic terms. In this context, by using simulated measurements, for the parameters estimation it is propose a sensitivity analysis of the parameters model to define the most relevant ones to be estimate and the use of the Monte Carlo Markov Chain method through the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm, evaluating the influence of four types of priori probability distribution of data set: uniform, gaussian, log-normal and Rayleigh. The obtained results showed that the sensibility analysis is an important step on parameter estimation and algorithm used was satisfactory in estimating the parameters of the kinectic model used, demonstrating the possibility of using it as a tool for time and cost reduction in experimental tests.
Mongolian crude propolis content analysis and antioxidant activity
Authors: P Ichinkhorloo , G Gantsetseg , Kh Selenge , Ts Undrakhbayar , P Otgonsugar , B Bat-Erdem , B Munkhjargal , Ts Byambajav , T Undarmaa
Published: September 2020

Propolis, a precious bee product has been widely used for pharmaceutical purposes for centuries. Chemical components, properties, and activities are differed based on geographic origins, respective plant sources, and bee species. In our research, Mongolian propolis from 2 different places was examined for chemical content and antioxidant effect. The samples were collected from Northern and Central parts of Mongolia and were examined for a total of 8 contents. Crude Mongolian propolis sample from central part of Mongolia displayed higher results in every aspect with total moisture of 2.1%; ash 1.7%; fat 67.8, 69.3%; and 1.05% of protein. The free amino acid in 70% EtOH was higher in sample from northern part with 1.21µg/mg and the total amino acid was quantified by HPLC and highest concentration detected in methionine 1.90mg/g, and 2.62 mg/g. Totally 3 alkaloids and 2 phenolic were detected by TLC and high antioxidant activity was presented in DPPH radical scavenging test. The results suggest that the best solvent for propolis samples is EtOH 70% solution. The test propolis samples contain different types of alkaloids and phenolic, have high amount of methionine and has high antioxidant effect.
Some results of evaluating the level of sustainable development of agricultural production in Mongolia
Authors: Kh Solongo , Chuan Guo Xiao , I Batkhishig
Published: September 2020

In this research work, we evaluated the level of the sustainable agricultural development of Mongolia by a criteria consisting of 3 sub-systems and 14 indicators with a multi-index comprehensive evaluation method by using the data of 2005-2017. According to the research, the sustainable agricultural development level has reached 55.53%, where the economic sub-system has the highest impact and the social sub-system has the lowest impact but the development tendency of the environmental sub-system is at the same level as the general level and the level of sustainable agricultural development strongly depends on the environmental and climatic conditions.
Algorithm for Iris recognition based on contourlet Transform and Entropy
Authors: Ezzaki Ayoub , Idrissi Nadia , Moreno Francisco-Angel , Masmoudi Lhoussaine
Published: September 2020

The iris is one of the most secure biometric information that is widely employed in authentication systems. In this paper we present a method for iris recognition based on the Contourlet Transform and Entropy which entails i) the detection and segmentation of the iris, ii) its normalization, iii) the application of the Contourlet Transform, iv) the generation of the iris descriptor, and v) the matching between the query iris and those in the database. The proposed method has been tested with images taken from the popular CASIA-V4 and UBIRIS.v1 datasets and compared against four other iris recognition algorithms. The results show a higher true positive rate with a reduced computation time.
An investigation of selected properties of teak wood from 9-year-old plantation forest in Indonesia
Authors: Hadinata Muhammad Effsal , Kozakiewicz Paweł
Published: September 2020

An investigation of selected properties of teak wood from 9-year-old plantation in Indonesia. Teak (Tectona grandis L.f) listed in standard EN 13556:2003 (code TEGR) is known as the most popular species in tropical countries, especially in Indonesia. It has not only good qualities in physical properties and mechanical properties, but it also has an aesthetics pattern. The best teak wood is usually more than 80 years old. It is too long a period of time and cannot fulfil the current wood demand. To fulfil the increasing demand, researchers in Indonesia have developed short rotation teak wood. However, the quality of this wood is rather low. The objectives of this study were to obtain complete information about mechanical, physical and acoustic properties of 9-year-old teak wood, to compare its properties with conventional teak wood and to evaluate the optimal utilization of 9 years-old teak wood based on its properties.
Forecasting of socio-economic security in the region on the example of Lower Silesia
Authors: Popławski Maciej , Kuźnik Anita
Published: September 2020

Nowadays, the concept of security has a much broader range of meaning than in the past, mainly associated with dynamic social, technical, military, and political development. This article aims to present the forecasting process in the region in the “Multifactorial model of socio-economic security” (research project No. 108/WZA/61DzS conducted as part of statutory research at MULF). The paper presents the process and results of forecasting socio-economic security in the region on the example of Lower Silesia counties. In the first part of the paper, the choice of the topic was justified, and the methodological assumptions were presented. Then, the forecasts of socio-economic security for the studied region in the form of a table and maps were presented.
Delimitation of Unbeatable Fear in Facing the State of Necessity
Authors: Andrés Guerra Espinosa Rodrigo
Published: September 2020

This chapter focuses on the study of the limits of unbeatable fear in the state of necessity. Unbeatable fear remains one of the most complex exemptions to interpret, and it stands as a relevant issue both around sacrifice of persons and in cases of violence against women in Chile. Hence, our objective is not a mere analysis of unbeatable fear but rather its delimitation with respect to the state of necessity. The problem has its origin in specifying whether some of the requirements of unbeatable fear are part of the state of necessity. Therefore, the treatment of the nature of this kind of fear, as we have stated, is not peaceful in doctrine and creates insecurity in its interpretation. Therefore, the study of unbeatable fear deserves attention since it entails the analysis of fundamental concepts of the criminal law theory.
Investigation of Nonisothermal Combustion Kinetics of Isolated Lignocellulosic Biomass: A Case Study of Cellulose from Date Palm Biomass Waste
Authors: Galiwango Emmanuel , H. Al-Marzouqi Ali
Published: September 2020

The efficient and high yielding acid-base and Organosolv methods were studied for cellulose isolation from date palm lignocellulose waste biomass and thereafter analyzed for nonisothermal kinetic and thermodynamic parameter determination using model-free methods. The structural and chemical characterization of the isolated celluloses revealed structures and functional groups characteristics of cellulose. Thermal decomposition analysis revealed one major peak with average mass loss of 72.51 ± 0.7% and 55.82 ± 1.1% for the acid-base and Organosolv method, respectively. This occurred in the temperature region between 250 and 350°C associated with cellulose degradation and contrasted with the three peaks detected in the original biomass. The kinetic and thermodynamic results revealed a strong relationship between the average activation energy and average change in enthalpy with a difference of 5.23 and 147.07 kJmol−1 for Organosolv and acid-base methods, respectively. The Gibbs’s free energy results revealed that Organosolv cellulose pyrolysis would reach equilibrium faster in KAS, Starink and FWO models with average ΔG values of 115.80 ± 36.62, 115.89 ± 36.65, and 119.45 ± 37.98 kJmol−1, respectively. The acid-base method for FWO model gave negative entropy values. The Malek method revealed the acid-base and Organoslv cellulose pyrolysis mechanism as (gα=−ln1−α14) and (gα=−ln1−α13), characterized by random nucleation and growth, respectively.
Evidence-Based Rehabilitation for Multiple Sclerosis Made Easy
Authors: Heine Martin , Beckerman Heleen , Hämäläinen Päivi , de Groot Vincent
Published: September 2020

With the current rate in growth of evidence in multiple sclerosis (MS) rehabilitation, systematic reviews and clinical guidelines typically lag behind the most currently published research findings. In addition, most health care professionals lack the time, resources, or adequate skills to identify and evaluate new evidence, and hands-on tools to implement the latest evidence into clinical practice are often lacking or not readily available. The Applying Evidence with Confidence (APPECO) platform is a newly developed online tool that addresses these key challenges. APPECO was initiated as a proof-of-concept for the common MS symptoms fatigue and cognitive function. Subsequently, intervention studies about depression, pain, and mobility were added. APPECO currently hosts detailed information from 250 randomized clinical trials, 293 interventions, and 1250 effect sizes on 53 patient outcomes. Few studies with high quality (ie, low risk of bias) are available specifically designed to test the benefits of MS rehabilitation on fatigue (n = 5 [2.4%]), cognitive function (n = 4 [1.6%]), and depression (n = 2 [0.8%]). No high-quality studies were included for pain and mobility. APPECO has the potential to address key challenges in evidence-based rehabilitation medicine for MS and to facilitate swift knowledge translation from evidence into clinical practice. Sustainability of APPECO depends on a continuous resource impulse (eg, financial, time, editorial management, platform maintenance) to ensure up-to-date information across all relevant MS symptoms and activity limitations (≈2–6 randomized controlled trials per month). Ways to optimize knowledge translation in the absence of high-quality evidence in APPECO need to be explored further.
The many roles of C1q
Authors: Noble Mark , Pröschel Christoph
Published: September 2020

The ability of a well-known component of the complement cascade to bind to a variety of receptors has implications for signaling biology, spinal cord injury and, possibly, the evolution of the complement system.
Text-mining forma mentis networks reconstruct public perception of the STEM gender gap in social media
Authors: Stella Massimo
Published: September 2020

Mindset reconstruction maps how individuals structure and perceive knowledge, a map unfolded here by investigating language and its cognitive reflection in the human mind, i.e., the mental lexicon. Textual forma mentis networks (TFMN) are glass boxes introduced for extracting and understanding mindsets’ structure (in Latin forma mentis) from textual data. Combining network science, psycholinguistics and Big Data, TFMNs successfully identified relevant concepts in benchmark texts, without supervision. Once validated, TFMNs were applied to the case study of distorted mindsets about the gender gap in science. Focusing on social media, this work analysed 10,000 tweets mostly representing individuals’ opinions at the beginning of posts. “Gender” and “gap” elicited a mostly positive, trustful and joyous perception, with semantic associates that: celebrated successful female scientists, related gender gap to wage differences, and hoped for a future resolution. The perception of “woman” highlighted jargon of sexual harassment and stereotype threat (a form of implicit cognitive bias) about women in science “sacrificing personal skills for success”. The semantic frame of “man” highlighted awareness of the myth of male superiority in science. No anger was detected around “person”, suggesting that tweets got less tense around genderless terms. No stereotypical perception of “scientist” was identified online, differently from real-world surveys. This analysis thus identified that Twitter discourse mostly starting conversations promoted a majorly stereotype-free, positive/trustful perception of gender disparity, aimed at closing the gap. Hence, future monitoring against discriminating language should focus on other parts of conversations like users’ replies. TFMNs enable new ways for monitoring collective online mindsets, offering data-informed ground for policy making.
NDVI Based Assessment of Land Cover Changes Using Remote Sensing and GIS (A case study of Srinagar district, Kashmir)
Authors: Singh Perminder , Javeed Ovais
Published: September 2020

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is an index of greenness or photosynthetic activity in a plant. It is a technique of obtaining  various features based upon their spectral signature  such as vegetation index, land cover classification, urban areas and remaining areas presented in the image. The NDVI differencing method using Landsat thematic mapping images and Landsat oli  was implemented to assess the chane in vegetation cover from 2001to 2017. In the present study, Landsat TM images of 2001 and landsat 8 of 2017 were used to extract NDVI values. The NDVI values calculated from the satellite image of the year 2001 ranges from 0.62 to -0.41 and that of the year 2017 shows a significant change across the whole region and its value ranges from 0.53 to -0.10 based upon their spectral signature .This technique is also  used for the mapping of changes in land use  and land cover.  NDVI method is applied according to its characteristic like vegetation at different NDVI threshold values such as -0.1, -0.09, 0.14, 0.06, 0.28, 0.35, and 0.5. The NDVI values were initially computed using the Natural Breaks (Jenks) method to classify NDVI map. Results confirmed that the area without vegetation, such as water bodies, as well as built up areas and barren lands, increased from 35 % in 2001 to 39.67 % in 2017.Key words: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index,land use/landcover, spectral signature
Elucidating dingo’s ecological roles: contributions from the Pelorus Island feral goat biocontrol project
Authors: Allen Benjamin L. , Allen Lee R. , Graham Michael , Buckman Matt
Published: September 2020

Understanding the ecological roles of apex predators remains an important field of study. The influence of apex predators on ecosystems can be either profound or negligible in different situations, and uncertainty still exists about the ecological roles of most top-predators, including Australian dingoes. This uncertainly is maintained by a dearth of experimental evidence investigating their roles. Such evidence is indispensable if dingo management is to be evidence-based. In this report, we discuss a recent experiment where dingoes were released on to an island as vertebrate biocontrol tools intended to eradicate feral goats and restore native vegetation being threatened by the goats. The experiment was successful, and the dingoes reduced the goat population to one or perhaps two male goats within ~2 years. This predator introduction experiment elucidated dingo’s effects on small livestock, their per capita predation rates, and their invasiveness or their ability to adapt and change their environment. The experiment confirmed that dingoes have the capacity to decimate populations of small livestock species and trigger a trophic cascade by reducing herbivory on vegetation. We encourage further manipulative experiments to explore the ubiquity of these results in different contexts.
Properties of Generalized 6-primes Numbers
Authors: Soykan Yüksel
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we introduce the generalized 6-primes sequence and we deal with, in detail, three special cases which we call them 6-primes, Lucas 6-primes and modified 6-primes sequences. We present Binet’s formulas, generating functions, Simson formulas, and the summation formulas for these sequences. Moreover, we give some identities and matrices related with these sequences.
Exploring Urban Dietary Pattern in Nigerian Households: A Case for Nutrient Adequacy
Authors: Ikudayisi Adesola Adebola,
Published: September 2020

Aims: To identify dietary patterns of urban households in Southwest, Nigeria and explore their links with nutrients adequacy.

Study Design: Cross sectional household-level data from two urban locations selected through a multistage random sampling procedure in southwest Nigeria was employed.

Place and Duration of Study: Urban households were sampled in South west zone of Nigeria between October to November, 2017.

Methodology: Socio/demographics were documented using a descriptive analysis. The pattern of food subgroups was determined econometrically using the factor analysis, while the test for differences was examined using Mann Whitney U.

Results: Using factor analysis, five distinct dietary patterns emerged named as vitamin A, modern, protein, roots, and cereals patterns with 50. 7% variance contribution rate. The vitamin A rich food dietary pattern explained 12.8 % of the total variance and the pitch in diet quality of this factor was explained mostly by dark leafy vegetables and fruits. The fourth and fifth factors which accounted for 9.2% and 7.5% of total variance, respectively characterised by high intakes of roots/tubers (0.69), plantain (0.57) and cereals (0.79) are food rich in dietary energy. Consumption frequency revealed that a higher intake of vitamin A foods was associated with LUA, while HUA had more intake of spices (46.3%), oil (44.5%) and beef products (41.3%). Both urban locations had a lower intake of iron rich foods (dairy, poultry and organ meat) which suggest likely risk of heme iron deficiency. Dietary energy intake in form of cereals (52.3%) was higher in HUA with tubers (14.6%) in LUA. The test of difference across the two locations revealed significant disparities in the observed dietary pattern with respect to vitamin A food, beef meat, spices and poultry at 5% level.

Conclusions: Urban disparity in dietary pattern is evidenced in this paper. However, the different dietary pattern across urban locations were associated with some nutritional outcomes. Although, both dietary patterns had healthful elements of the diets, low consumption of iron rich foods was observed. Programmes focusing on the prevention of diet-related chronic diseases in this population should balance the identified pattern of consumption with iron rich foods.
Invitro Antimalarial and Antibacterial Activities of Methanol Stem Bark Extract of Frankincense Tree (Boswellia dalzielii) and Leaves Extract of Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus)
Authors: Salihu S. , Otitolaiye C. A. , Hizbullah M. U.
Published: September 2020

Aim: This research investigated the anti-malarial and antibacterial activities of stem bark methanol extract of Frankincense tree and Kenaf leaves extract on Plasmodium falciparum parasite and against five clinically significant bacteria.

Study Design: Laboratory-experimental design was used for this study.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out between September 2019 and November

2019 at Biochemistry and Microbiology laboratories, Sokoto State University, Sokoto, Nigeria.

Methodology: The in vitro antimalarial activity test was conducted by determining the parasitemia for each sample concentration by manual counting on thin Giemsa smears after a 24-hour incubation with the extracts in order to determine the IC50 values. The antibacterial study was done using a modified agar well diffusion technique.

Results: The testing revealed that methanol stem bark extract of Frankincense tree and Kenaf leaves exhibited good and potent (very good) antimalarial activities against P. falciparum respectively with IC50 values of 1.25 μg/mL and 0.16 μg/mL respectively. They also show good inhibitory activities against E.coli but slight inhibitory activities against the other pathogens tested.

Conclusion: The current study indicates that extracts of these plants exhibit anti-malarial and antibacterial activities and may serve as useful sources of drugs for treatment of malaria caused by P. falciparum parasite as well as bacterial infections caused by the tested bacteria.