bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of Garcinia kola capsules on Gonarthrosis and low back pain
Authors: Happi Monthé Adelaïde Nathalie  , Djoko Ernest  , Ngandeu Singwe Madeleine
Published: February 2022

Garcinia kola (Clusiaceae) commonly known as "Bitter cola", is a shrub from the forests of Central and East Africa. In Cameroon it is found in Mbam and Moungo divisions. Garcinia kola seeds are widely consumed by local populations, sometimes in search of a simple pleasure, sometimes in search of its multiple pharmacological properties. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity and the tolerance of Garcinia kola capsules (BTK capsules *) on gonarthrosis and lumbago. A pilot study was carried out on 90 patients (68 women and 22 men). The patients were divided into 3 groups. Patients in the first group received Garcinia kola capsules at a dose of 800 mg per day while those in the second group received Diclofenac tablets at a dose of 100 mg per day and those in the third group received placebo capsules. The judgement criteria were highly sensitive C Reactiv Protein (HS-CRP), sedimentation rate (SR), visual analogue scale (VAS). The test significance threshold was set at a probability of p ˂ 0.05. The first group (Garcinia kola) showed: HS-CRP p ˂ 0.002, VAS p ˂ 0.001 and SR: p ˂ 0.003; the second group (Diclofenac): HS-CRP p = 0.001, VAS p ˂ 0.001 and SR p ˂ 0.001. For the placebo group: HS-CRP p = 0.916, VAS p = 0.002 and SR p = 0.829. These results confirm that Garcinia kola at a dose of 400 mg twice a day has anti-inflammatory properties similar to those of Diclofenac at 50 mg twice a day. Biological tests revealed that Garcinia kola (BTK *) capsules have no harmful effects on kidney function, liver function, blood sugar and blood pressure. Libido was increased in men.
Research on Human Skeleton Teaching System Based on Leap Motion
Authors: Feng Yehua
Published: February 2022

With the development of virtual reality technology, virtual teaching technology continues to improve, virtual reality technology is more and more widely used in medicine. Virtual reality technology can improve teaching efficiency by simulating real scenes with high reality. Human learning is very necessary for a medical professional, however due to the limitation of teaching resources, teaching things make teaching process insurmountable problems, therefore, in this paper, based on the Leap Motion of human body skeleton virtual teaching system, through computer modeling to simulate human body skeleton, the human-computer interaction technology based on gesture recognition algorithm, Realize human skeleton simulation teaching. Finally, the experiment proves that the virtual assistant teaching system can obviously improve the learning efficiency of learners.
Genetic Variation for Different Parameters in Dendrocalamus Hamiltonii (Maggar Bans) of Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Sankhyan Hari , Singh N.B.
Published: February 2022

Genetic variation for different parameters in Dendrocalamus hamiltonii (Maggar Bans) was conducted among 23 genotypes of Himachal Pradesh, identified as plus bamboo stands. Observations on ten characters viz., culm height, diameter, internode length, no. of new sprouts, no. of culms, clump girth, leaf length, leaf breadth, culm wall thickness and biomass were recorded. Evaluation of bamboo (Dendrocalamus hamiltonii) at the age of three years indicated significant differences for all the characters. Estimates of heritability in broad sense were observed generally high for leaf breadth, biomass, leaf length, culm height and internode length. Growth characters such as plant height, diameter, culm wall thickness, bole thickness were found significantly and positively correlated with biomass.
Message from the Editor-in-Chief
Authors: Harrington Ingrid
Published: February 2022

Message from the Editor-in-Chief
Effectively utilizing wellness and engagement surveys
Authors: Cerceo Elizabeth , Franzblau Natali
Published: February 2022

Wellness and engagement in busy and complex healthcare systems are challenging. Much has been written about how individual healthcare workers can prevent their own burnout and improve wellness as well as the role of institutional and organizational goals to promote engagement and wellness. However, while there is clearly not one explanation or one solution for this problem, there is also not one standard approach to assessing these important issues, though surveys are most commonly used to assess the characteristics of the workplace. We suggest a framework of strategies for effective use of surveys to improve employee wellness and engagement based on practical experience that involve operational next steps organizations and programs can take after surveys as well as contextualizing the information they provide. These steps include adapting and leveraging quality improvement (QI) tools customarily used for patient safety for the purpose of wellness and engagement.
Preoperative Halo-Femoral Traction With Posterior Surgical Correction for the Treatment of Extremely Severe Rigid Congenital Scoliosis (Cobb Angle >120°)
Authors: Zhang Hongqi , Yang Guanteng , Guo Chaofeng , Deng Ang , Xiao Lige
Published: February 2022

Introduction:

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of preoperative halo-femoral traction (HFT) with posterior surgical correction for the treatment of extremely severe rigid congenital scoliosis (>120°).

Methods:

We reviewed the records of all patients with extremely severe rigid congenital scoliosis (>120°) treated with preoperative HFT from 2010 through 2018. Radiographic measurements were performed. The period of traction, blood loss, operation time, complications, and pulmonary function test results were recorded.

Results:

A total of 11 patients were included in the study. All patients underwent preoperative HFT with posterior surgical correction. The mean preoperative main curve Cobb angle was 127.9° ± 4.4°, and the average correction rate was 33.5% posttraction, 54.8% postoperation, and 55.3% at the latest follow-up. Pulmonary function improved significantly after traction, and forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 second increased from 34.7% and 33.4% to 48.1% and 48.5%, respectively. Only one patient experienced halo pin infection during HFT. No patients experienced permanent neurologic deficits or death.

Conclusion:

For extremely severe rigid congenital scoliosis with a Cobb angle greater than 120°, preoperative HFT with posterior surgical correction offers an effective and safe corrective option. The perioperative complication rate can be partially reduced.

Study Design:

Retrospective study.
O UTROŠKU PARE PRI PARENJU BUKOVINE
Authors: Hamm Đuro
Published: February 2022

Parenje bukovine važan je tehnološki proces u drvnoj industriji. Svaka pilana koja prerađuje bukovinu redovno ima po više parionica u kojima se pari građa. Ove parionice za bukovu građu sagrađene su obično ođ opeka, betona ili đrveta, a vrlo rijetko služe kao parionice metalni kotlovi. Način izgradnje parionica je jednostavan, a glavni zahtjevi pri tome jesu: dovoljna čvrstoća obzirom na pretlak (tlak iznad atmosferskog) u parionici, toplinska izolacija zidova, stropa, poda, vrata i napokon hermetičnost zatvaranja otvora, kako bi se spriječio direktni gubitak pare. Utrošak pare u parionicama nije nekad igrao naročitu ulogu. Ima još i danas slučajeva da se ispušna para parnih strojeva upravo gura u parionicu, kako bi se ondje nekako korisno utrošila. Taj utrošak nije obično bio analiziran, nego su - kada je pri projektiranju o tome trebalo nešto reći - davani oskudni približni podaci utroška iz prakse, već prema nekoj izvedenoj parionici.
METOD KULTURE U SUZNOM SOKU
Authors: Gligić Vojin
Published: February 2022

U botaničkom laboratoriju Poljoprivredno-šumarskog fakulteta u Sarajevu vršeno je gajenje jedne više autotrofne vrste u suznom soku druge vrste. Nije mi poznato da je ovakav metod kulture jedne biljke u stranom suznom soku već negde primenjivan. Ovakav metod samo je tehnički analogan metodu vodene kulture, a pruža, kako mi izgleda, šire mogućnosti primene u ispitivanju raznih fizioloških pojava. Kao što je poznato, suzni sok izlučivan u proleće posle povrede biljke sadrži pored anorganskih i znatne količine organskih supstanca. Uzeto uopšte, suzni sok je uglavnom voda, koja u proleće sadrži različite šećere (glikozu, fruktozu, saharozu), organske kiseline (jabučnu, ćilibarsku, vinsku), belančevine i aminokiseline, zatim enzime (amilazu, katalazu, peroksidazu) i tragove mineralnih soli (P04, K, Ma, Ca, Mg, Fe, A., S02, Cl NO9’, NO3, SiO3); sve je to očevidno materijal za izgradnju novih listova. Suzni sok izlučivan u leto sadrži kod većine biljaka samo izvesne mineralne soli i sasvim neznatne tragove šećera, bez ikakvih enzima. Ova razlika u sastavu između proletnjeg i letnjeg soka stoji, sasvim verovatno, u vezi sa proletnjim mobilisanjem rezervnih materija, koje se sa suznim sokom penju do pupoljaka. Kako suzni sok sadrži uvek šećere u raznim koncentracijama, razumljivo je da on pretstavlja podesnu podlogu za razne bakterije, kvasce i druge gljive (Endomyces, Mucor). Tako, između ostalih procesa, u suznom soku previre šećer u alkohol, kojim se opijaju razni insekti kađ u proleće slete na rane drveća. Upravo mikroflora, čije je razvijanje u suznom soku vrlo teško sprečiti bez njegove bitne promene, i čini najveću teškoću u eksperimentalnoj primeni suznog soka. O prisustvu te mikroflore mora se uvek voditi računa pri ogledima kulture viših zelenih biljaka u suznom soku. U našem ogledu stavili smo odvojeno u proletnji suzni sok breze i vinove loze semenke graha da klijaju.
ISTRAŽIVANJE INOKOSNIH SELJAČKIH GOSPODARSTAVA
Authors: Dubić Slavoljub
Published: February 2022

Inokosna seljačka gospodarstva pretstavljaju kod nas velik dio poljoprivredno iskorišćavane površine. Ispitivanje ovakvih inokosnih seljačkih gospodarstva od znatnog je interesa i s gledišta socijalističke privrede. Takva naime istraživanja otkrivaju organizacionu strukturu ovakvih malih ekonomija, njihovu snabdjevenost sredstvima proizvodnje, stupnjeve iskorišćavanja ovih sredstava, radnu snagu i njeno iskorišćenje, daju podatke o prinosima, robnoj proizvodnji, uopće o proizvodnom potencijalu.

Poznavanje proizvodnog potencijala inokosnih seljačkih gospodarstava, kao proizvodnih jedinica, uključenih u plansku privredu, važno je zbog toga što omogućuje ispravno prosuđivanje uloge, koju ona vrše u proizvodnji. Ovakvo poznavanje je napose važno kad se radi o uključivanju seljačkih inokosnih ekonomija u seljačke radne zadruge, da bi se uočilo, koje proizvodne snàge one unose u kolektivnu proizvodnju.

Ovo je istraživanje nastavak istraživanja inokosnih seljačkih gospodarstava, koje sam započeo u godinama 1928 do 1931, a o kojima sam prve rezultate objavio godine 19291) i 1933.2) 3)
PRILOG RJEŠAVANJU PROBLEMA TRAKTORIZACIJE POLJOPRIVREDE NR BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE
Authors: Finci Žak
Published: February 2022

Traktorizacija poljoprivrede je jedan od osnovnih puteva za unapređenje poljoprivredne proizvodnje naše zemlje i povećanje produktivnosti rada na selu. U naprednim zemljama traktor je u posljednim decenijama znatno prodro ne samo u krupna poljoprivredna preduzeća nego i u gazdinstva srednjih seljaka. Broj traktora kojim je snabdjevena poljoprivreda jedne zemlje i stepen iskorištavanja traktorskog parka postao je jedan od pokazatelja stepena modernizacije i produktivnosti poljoprivrede. Daljnji ekonomski napredak naše zemlje i stabilizacija privrede u cjelini, traže krupne investicije u poljoprivredi, njeno podizanje na viši tehnički nivo u cilju povećanja poljoprivredne proizvodnje. Traktorizacija će u ovom procesu uzdizanja poljoprivrede iz njene zaostalosti, odigrati vidnu ulogu.
Osnovi za proizvodno ekološku klasifikaciju zapuštenih i degradiranih panjača u Bosni i Hercegovini
Authors: Đikić Salko , Kolaković Ragib
Published: February 2022

UDK 630*23/*25(497.6)

Preko 600.000 ha šumskih površina zauzimaju u ВiH razni tipovi zapuštenih, degradiranih i ostalih panjača, koje se uz to danas javljaju i u različitim oblicima. Njihov postanak i daljnja degradacija, te današnje stanje, sastav i njihovi oblici posljedica su dugotrajnog negativnog odnosa čovjeka prema njima. Stepen njihove degradacije ovisan je o intenzitetu i dužini trajanja štetnih antropogenih uticaja, kojima su te panjače bile izložene.

U sadašnjim uslovima pružaju se mnogo šire, u odnosu na predratne prilike skoro neograničene mogućnosti za melioraciju ovih degradiranih i zapuštenih panjača radi povećanja prinosa na ogromnim površinama koje zauzimaju. Razumljivo je da je u sadašnjem prvom periodu meliorativnih radova, s obzirom na njihovu zamašnost, potrebno računati sa što većom rentabilnošću ulaganja sredstava, i davati priroritet onim degradiranim i zapuštenim panjačama koje će po sastavu i privrednom značaju vrsta, te po kvalitetu i potencijalnoj snazi tla, pružiti najviše izgleda i mogućnosti za uspjeh melioracija i podizanje prinosa u najkraćem vremenu.
Orijentacija samostalnog premjera
Authors: Kapetanović Nihad
Published: February 2022

UDK 528.3                                                                                                                                      

Kod geodetskog premjera manjih površina terena /do 150 ha/, kada u blizini nemamo nikako ili nemamo dovoljan broj trigonometrijskih tačaka, premjer se obično vrši na samostalnu poligonu mrežu. Oko terena koji treba snimati najprije razvijemo zatvoreni poligoni vlak 1,2, ..l0,11, kojeg smatramo vlakom prvog reda. Za taj vlak vežemo onda ostale vlakove nižih redova /sl. 1/. Postavlja se, sada,pitanje kako orijentirati takav primjer, tj. koje koordinate dati početnoj tački 1 poligonog vlaka, a koji smjernjak početnoj poligonoj strani 1-2. Naravno moguće je tački 1 dati sasvim proizvoljne koordinate, a smjernjaku strane 1-2 bilo koju vrijednost, pa i vrijednost nula. U tom slučaju je cjelokupan primjer izvršen u koordinatnom sistemu х', y', koji je u odnosu na državni koordinatni sistem translatorno pomaknut za veličinu t i zarotiran za kut ε/sl. 2/. Zbog različitih razloga bolje јв da taj sistem ne bude potpuno proizvoljan, nego da translatorni pomak i kut zaokreta budu što manji. Ako makar i busolom izmjerimo magnetni azimut početne strane poligonog vlaka, a koordinate početne tačke 1 očitamo sa topografske karte, već smo taj lokalni sistem približili državnom. Medjutim, s obzirom na tačnost s kojom na karti možemo identificirati tačku 1 i očitati njene koordinate, te s obzirom na tačnost busole, ostaće još uvijek dosta veliko translatorno i kutno odstupanje u odnosu na državni koordinatni sistem, čak i ako eliminiramo magnetnu deklinaciju i meridijansku konvergenciju (о deklinacijii konvergenciji biće riječi u poglavlju "Odredjivanje pravca x-osi"). Ali, ako u bližoj ili daljoj okolici imamo tri, dvije ili makar i samo jednu poznatu trigonometrijsku tačku bilo kojeg reda, naš premjer možemo obaviti u koordinatnom sistemu koji je samo neznatno zarotiran i neznatno translatorno pomaknut u odnosu na državni. Pronalaženje takvog sistema koji se gotovo potpuno poklapa s državnim možemo postići na razne načine, zavisno od broja poznatih tačaka. U nekim slučajevima dostajaće samo mjerenje kuteva, u nekim će trebati izmjeriti i jednu dužinu, a u nekim će trebati odrediti i pravac astronomskog meridijana. Ovdje ćemo obraditi razne slučajeve koji mogu nastati u praksi. Pored odredjivanja koordinata y i x, obradiće se i odredjivanje nadmorske visine /kote/ početne tačke 1  poligonog vlaka.
Proučavanje hemijskog sastava zelenila šumskog drveća - Sirovine za proizvodnju koncentrata stočne hrane
Authors: Terzić Dušan
Published: February 2022

UDK  581.192:630*28]

            636.085                                                                                                                                

Poznata je činjenica da se naše šume, koje predstavljaju značajnu sirovinsku bazu trajne vrijednosti i različitog asortimana, nedovoljno iskorišćavaju. U sadašinjim uslovlma koristi se uglavnom drvna masa, pa i ona nedovoljno, dok se iskorišćavanje ostalih njenih proizvoda nalazi skoro u početnoj razvojnoj fazi.

Svako nastojanje da se postojeća sirovinska baza naših šuma što potpunije iskoristi nailazi na opštu podršku, a naročito stručnih šumarskih organizacija.

Institut za Šumarstvo u Sarajevu, konkretno autor ove studije, preduzima mjere da se u BiH pristupi iskorišćavanju tzv. biljnog zelenila, koje se trajno stvara u šumi i na ostalom zemljištu.

Biljno zelenilo se dobiva sječom šumskog drveća, zatim od grmlja i od prizemne flore u šumi i izvan šume.

Do sada se ova vrsta sirovine kod nas nije iskorišćavala za ove svrhe. Njenim Iskoišćavanjem povećao bi se obim i asortiman iskorišćavanja jedne sasvim nove sirovine, dok će privreda zemlje dobiti jedan sasvim novi finalni proizvod, tj. vttaminsko-mîneralno brašno - visokovrijedni prirodni koncen-trat za prihranjivanje stoke (goveda, ovaca, konja, svinja, peradi, riba, divlja-či itd.) a naročito njihovih mladunaca.

Dosadašnji rezultati prihranjivanja stoke pomenutlm koncentra-tom u svijetu dali su neočekivano dobre rezultate. Oni se pokazuju u povećanjuprirasta, u povećanoj proizvodnji mlijeka, jaja, vune i poboljšanju kvaliteta svihprehranbenlh proizvoda i. t.d.

Za ovakvu vrstu koncentrata naša zemlja je veoma zainteresovana, pogotovo kad se prelazi na industrijsku proizvodnju stoke u farmama.
Tipovi niskih degradiranih šuma submediteranskog područja Hercegovine
Authors: Stefanović Vitomir , Burlica Čedomir , Dizdarević Hamza , Fabijanić Branibor , Prolić Nihad
Published: February 2022

UDK  630*222(497.6)       

U radu seprikazuje klasifikacija šumskih staništa hrastovog  regiona submediteranskog područja Hercegovine prema njihovim sadašnjim i potencijalnim proizvodnim mogućnostima, S obzirom da je šumska vegetacija u ovom području Izrazito antropogeno izmijenjena, bilo je nužno utvrditi njene stepene degradacije - stadije regresije i progresije i okaraktertsati ih na osnovu ekološko-proizvodnih kriterija koji su dosad primjenjivani u istraživanjima tipova šuma u Bosni i Hercegovini (Ćirić, Stefanović, Drinlć (1971.): Stefanović et.al., (1973); Fabijanić et. al., (1967.)).

Rad predstavlja sintezu fitocenoloških, pedoloških, taksacionih i uzgojna-meliorativnih istraživanja, pa se po pristupu i načinu obrade bitno razlikuje od dosad objavljenih radova iz pojedinih navedenih užih disciplina u ovom području (Fukarek (1957.) Simanović (1958.)-, Riter-Studnička (1972.), Prolić (1965.,!966.); Kolaković (1960.) i dr. U radu navedene oblasti istraživanja čine integralnu cjelinu, što je jedan od uslova za ekološko-proizvodnu klasifikaciju šuma i šumskih staništa uopšte. Ovo je ostvareno zajedničkim i sinhronizovanim istraživanjima na terenu i, kasnije, u sintezi prikupljenih podataka.

Dijelove rada o vegetaciji obradili su Stefanović i Fabijanić, o geološkoj podlozi i zemljištu Burlica, o stanju šumskog fonda I taksa cio-nim karakteristikama Prolić, o uzgojno-meliorativn im osobinama ekološko-proizvodnih tipova šuma Dizdarevlć. Ostala poglavlja autori su obradili zajedno.

Rad je radjen u Institutu za šumarstvo u Sarajevu, u odjeljenjima za šumska staništa i uredjivanje šuma. Finansijska sredstvo obezbjedila je je Republička zajednica za naučni rad SR Bosne i Hercegovine, na čemu joj izražavamo zahvalnost.
Ekotipovi bijelog bora (Pinus silvestris L.) u Bosni
Authors: Stefanović Vitomir , Milanović Stanimirka , Međedović Safer , Pintarić Konrad , Rončević Slobodan , Sisojević Darinka
Published: February 2022

UDK 582.475:581.4/.5](497.6)                                                                                                      

U okviru naučnog projekta "Razrada sistema gazdovanja u hrastovim i borovim šumama u SR Bosni i Hercegovini" obradjivan je zadatak pod radnim naslovom "Ekotipska diferencijacija bijelog bora (Pinus silvestris L.) u Bosni i Hercegovini". Pri formulisanju ovog zadatka pred-lagač je imao u vidu dva osnovna momenta: prvo, što su bijeli bor i njegove fitocenoze bile do sad u SR BiH predmet širih istraživanja i, drugo, veliki značaj koji ima ova vrsta drveća u rekonstrukciji lišćarskih šuma u Bosni.

Postavljanje, koncepcijski i sadržajno, jednog šireg morfološko-anatomskog i ekofiziološkog kompleksa istraživanja upravo je adekvatno važnosti i značaju koji se pridaju ovoj vrsti drveća u praktičnom pogledu. Na temeljima rezultata dosadašnjih istraživanja, nova istraživanja sumetodološki i sadržajno koncipirana tako da okarakterlšu odredjene osobine bijelog bora u širokom intervalu stanišnih uslova u glavnim područjima njegovog areala u Bosni. Da bi se to ostvarilo, istraživanja su vršena na Istim objektima s osnovnim pristupom da se ispitivana svojstva mogu medjusobno korelirati po oblastima istraživanja i u cjelini. Iz veoma obim-nih materijala istraživanja koji su predočeni u ovom radu pretpostavljalo se da će proizići sinteza - ekotipska diferencijacija bijelog bora u Bosni, a što je krajnji cilj istraživanja.

Rad je rezultat timskog rada više specijalista: postavljanje programa istraživanja i rukovodjenje zadatkom, te obradu uvodnog dijela izvršio je dr Vitomir Stefanović, morfološka svojstvaobradio je dr Slobodan Rončević, anatomska svojstva mr Darinka Sisojević, ekofiziološka svojstva dr Stanimirka Milanović, istraživanje pigmenata hloroplasta Safer Medjedović, fenotipska svojstva obradio je dr Konrad Pintarić
POSSIBILITIES TO USE THE “LAND DEGRADATION NEUTRALITY” APPROACH FOR SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT MEASURING AND MONITORING
Authors: German Kust , Andreeva Olga
Published: February 2022

UDK 631.452(470)

Key messages of the paper include the following: (i) Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN) is a new paradigm reflecting the cross-linked aspirations and demands of land- related sustainable development goals; (ii) LDN is politically sounding and attractive, it has a good background to be economically evaluated; (iii) LDN is a part of “Land- based approach” and might be considered as an operational platform for overlapping issues of 3 Rio conventions; (iv) LDN state can serve as a SLM target and overall criteria at different levels (local, subnational, national); (v) Spatial and temporal changes in land cover are measurable by indicators of land quality balance; (vi) LDN is not equally measured and is a site-specific (national-specific) matter, although global indicators of land quality can be considered as common platform for coordination; (vii) LDN concept needs advanced scientific development
DOES THINNING AFFECT THE SOIL RESPIRATION IN SILVER FIR, BEECH AND SPRUCE PREDOMINATING ADULT FOREST STANDS?
Authors: Čater Matjaž
Published: February 2022

UDK 630*114:630*242(497.4)

In three high karst forest complexes, same spatial design was applied to observe the effect of silvicultural treatment - the degree of mature stand removal on soil efflux. In every forest complex nine subplots were established during the time of experiment according to predominating tree species in growing stock of the mature canopy stand - silver fir, Norway spruce and European beech. In 2012 silvicultural measures with different intensity - 50% and 100% removal of growing stock around the centre of the plot with minimal diameter of two tree heights were applied.

The seasonal pattern of CO2 efflux rates was mostly accountable by changes in soil temperature. Spatial heterogeneity in CO2 efflux rates was clearly reflected in management practice; release rates and recovery period were extreme in beech predominating sites, followed by the silver fir and norway spruce. It is our belief, that more oscillations may be expected in carbon release dynamics in the future, as the number of extreme weather events increases and the withdrawal of silver fir with its poor recruitment may have long-term consequences on these high karst high productive sites.
THE STATE OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER IN DIFFERENT PHYSICAL FRACTIONS DEPEND ON LAND USE TYPE
Authors: Tvica Mirza
Published: February 2022

UDK 631.417(497.6)

Known fact is that arable soils compared with correspondent native soils differ in the state of soil organic matter (SOM) and that agricultural practices halved content of soil organic carbon in last decades. Further, soil structure or aggregation mediates many biological and chemical processes in soil and influence on protecting of SOM. The objectives of this paper is to analyze how the different land use (forest, grassland and arable soil) effects on quality and quantity of SOM in different physical fraction. In particular, it is important to determine what pool (physically separated fraction) of SOM is most sensitive on cultivation and what pool is more resistant to mineralization.

The research is carried out on two soil type with different texture, Pseudogley and Terra rossa, in condition of different climate and soil management. Two groups of SOM analysis are singled out: 1) quantify SOC and N storage, and δ13C by horizons; and 2) quantify the SOC and N in the following physically separated fractions of SOM: a) coarse and fine particulated organic matter (POM) density <1.8 gcm-3; b) occluded POM in stable microaggregates 53-250 µm; and c) SOM in small microaggregates <53 µm.
MICROBIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF REKULTISOL UNDER DIFFERENT CULTURES AT STANARI COAL MINE
Authors: Golić Zorica , Malić Nenad , Marković Mihajlo
Published: February 2022

UDK 631.427.1(497.6)

This paper studied the number of physiological and systematic groups of microorganisms in rekultisol under the different cultures at Stanari Coal Mine, and in variants of rekultisol where mineral fertilization and calcification were applied and in variants of rekultisol where only mineral fertilization was applied. The trial was set in the field conditions at the location of the internal part of overburden deposition site, near open pit Raskovac which is the part of Stanari coal mine. Mineral fertilizers were used as starter fertilizer and supplementary nutrition in the amount of 100-140 kg/ha of N and 40-60 kg/ha P2O5 and K2O and calcification was completed by adding 4 t/ha CaCO3. Microbiological analysis of the rekultisol determined the total number of bacteria, Azotobacter sp., ammonifiers, oligonitrophyls, actinomycetes and fungi. The aim of the research is to determine microbiological properties of rekultisol under small grains, potatoes, and grass-clover mixture at “Stanari” coal mine as well as to determine the effect of mineral fertilizers and calcification on the number of microorganisms in the rekultisol under different cultures. The total number of bacteria, oligonitrophyls, sporogenic ammonifiers, Azotobacter sp. and actinomycetes was higher in rekultisol under all of the tested cultures in the variant fertilizers + CaCO3 comparing to the variant without CaCO3, while the number of ammonifiers and fungi in rekultisol under all of the tested cultures was higher in the variant without CaCO3 in relation to the variant mineral fertilizers + CaCO3. In rekultisol under grass-clover mixture, higher total number of bacteria, oligonitrophyls and fungi was recorded in both tested variants, in relation to their number in rekultisol under potatoes and small grains. The number of actinomycetes was higher in rekultisol under potato in both variants, in relation to the number of actinomycetes in rekultisol under small grains and grass clover mixture. In rekultisol under small grains in variant mineral fertilizers + CaCO3 number of ammonifiers was the lowest (182 x 104g-1 absolutely dry soil), while the highest number of ammonifiers was recorded in rekultisol under grass-clover mixture in the variant without CaCO3 (1778 x 104g-1 absolutely dry soil). Azotobacter sp. count was lowest in rekultisol under grass clover variant without CaCO3 (68 x 102g-1 absolutely dry soil), while the highest Azotobacter sp. count was recorded in rekultisol under small grains in the variant with fertilizers + CaCO3 (123 x 102g-1 absolutely dry soil).
TOTAL AND PLANT AVAILABLE TOXIC TRACE ELEMENTS (Cd, Cr, Co AND Pb) AT FARMS OF EASTERN CROATIA
Authors: Lončarić Zdenko , Ivezić Vladimir , Karalić Krunoslav , Popović Brigita , Engler Meri , Kerovec Darko , Semialjac Zoran
Published: February 2022

UDK  631.453(497.5)

It is well known that soil properties, metal speciation and plant species, especially soil- plant interactions, determine the availability of metals in soils. Therefore, various one- step extraction methods such as EDTA and DTPA have been used to represent the available fraction. In present study we observed the total (aqua regia) and available fraction (EDTA and DTPA) of toxic trace elements (Co, Cd, Cr and Pb) from soil on two farms (Berak and Vinogradci) in eastern Croatia that have different soil properties. The study included 106 soil samples from soil depth 0-30 cm that were collected during 2013- 2014. Samples were analyzed for standard soil properties (pH, organic matter, AL-P, AL- K) as well as for total and available fractions of toxic trace elements. Analyses of main soil properties show vide variety of soils. Soil pH (in H2O) was in range 4.4-8.6 (avg: 6.5), thus sampling sites included range from very acid to alkaline soils. Farm in Berak (average pH was 7.2) had more alkaline soils while farm in Vinogradci was acidic (average pH was 5.9). Organic matter varied from 1.1-2.8% (avg: 1.9), average phosphorous was 17.4 mg/100g and potassium 20.9 mg/100g. Total concentration of trace elements extracted by aqua regia show satisfactory results as not one sample had elevated levels of toxic trace elements (Co, Cd, Cr and Pb). In that regard all sites satisfy Croatian regulation on pollutants in agricultural fields. However, EDTA and DTPA extractions show higher availability of Cr, Co and Pb for both extractions (EDTA and DTPA) at farm in Vinogradci where soils are more acidic compared to farm Berak. Only available Cd was shown to be higher in Berak than in Vinogradci.
PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HERBICIDES USED FOR MAIZE PRODUCTION IN BIH AS FACTORS OF POTENTIAL HERBICIDE LEACHING IN GROUNDWATER
Authors: Mitrić Siniša , Marković Mihajlo , Babić Mladen , Šipka Milan , Pešević Dušica , Dragićević Duško
Published: February 2022

UDK 631.4:632.954; 633.1:632.954(497.6)

The aim of the study is to present the elements which must be considered while determining the risk of the mobility of the herbicides. Herbicides used for maize production have the special eco toxical significance and special risk because some are potentially mobile, they are used on the large surfaces during the rainy period and near rivers.

Behaviour of the herbicides in the environment, particularly in the soil is very complex. It does not depend only on the characteristics of the herbicide, but on the many factors of the environment which are very variable. Regardless of this fact, there are experimentally determined physical-chemical indicators for each herbicide that show the possible behaviour of herbicides in the environment. Studied physical-chemical indicators of herbicide behavior are: Distribution Coefficient (Kd); Organic Carbon Partitioning Coefficient (Koc); Time of the Semi-Decomposition (DT50); Water Solubility (S); Groundwater Ubiquity Score (GUS); Henry's Law Constant (Kh), Vapor Pressure (PV) and the Dissociation Constant (pKa).

Namely, herbicides, in larger or smaller measure, have “leaching potential“, which is ability to reach the underground water. One of the basic criteria for evaluating the herbicide ability to reach the underground water is related to indicators of mobility and persistency (DT50) herbicides, but neglecting some other criteria in that evaluation such as the amount of applying, characteristics of the soil and the aim of the crop growth. According to the EPA criteria, for the herbicides used in maize production in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), the “trigger“ value will indirectly indicate if the herbicides have large leaching potential.
DISTRIBUTION OF JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE (Helianthus tuberosus L.) IN THE CANTON SARAJEVO AREA
Authors: Suljić Nijaz , Gadžo Drena , Karić Nedžad , Đikić Mirha
Published: February 2022

UDK 631.4:633.88(497.6)

Invasive plant species which also include Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.), are plants which come from other floral-geographical areas and in process of competition they suppress autochthonous gene by conquering available ecological systems. The spread of foreign species is becoming serious threat to the conservation of natural and semi-natural biotopes. Jerusalem artichoke belongs to the family Asteraceae and it originates from America. İt is perennial plant with highly developed root in form of irregular tubers from which emerges each year more perennial stalks. İt grows up to 3 m height. İn our conditions it does not produce seed, it is reproducing vegetative by tubers. İt is used for production of alcohol, in the pharmaceutical and food industry, as fodder and medicinal plant for more than 100 years. İn the second half of 20th century it has become serious invasive species in all parts of Europe. On the EPPO list Jerusalem artichoke belongs to 34 dangerous invasive species. İt is considered as weed of natural areas but it can occur on the agricultural soils and ruderal lands. The aim of this paper is to examine the prevalence of Jerusalem artichoke in the area of Sarajevo Canton. The obtained data can be used for its adequate and more successful suppression.
SOIL LOSS ESTIMATION USING THE INTERO MODEL IN THE S1-2 WATERSHED OF THE SHIRINDAREH RIVER BASIN, IRAN
Authors: Draganić Jovana , Behzadfar Morteza , Silva Marx Leandro Naves , Avanzi Junior Cesar , Kisić Ivica , Barović Goran , Spalević Velibor
Published: February 2022

UDK 631.459(55 Shirin-Dareh Basin)

Soil erosion is one of the main problems of land degradation of agricultural land, especially in the mountainous areas. This negative process is one of the key problems to the environment and water resources in Iran. Using the computer-graphic modelling, we calculated sediment yield and peak discharge of the S1-2 catchment, of the Shirin-Dareh Basin of the Caspian Sea watershed. The area characterized cold winters (the minimum of 24.4°C) and warm, dry summers (the absolute maximum air temperature of 34.6°C; the average annual precipitation of 328 mm). The coefficient of the region's permeability, S1, is calculated on 0.84. The structure of the river basin, according to water permeability, is the following: f0, poor water permeability rocks, 53%; fpp, medium permeable rocks, 41%; fp, very permeable products from rocks: 6%. The most common soil type in the studied area is Inceptisols with Calcic horizon. The river basin is under the mountain pastures (51%) and the rest (49%) is the ground without grass vegetation and plough-lands. The coefficient of the river basin planning is calculated on 0.75. The coefficient of the vegetation cover is calculated on 0.9. We calculated the soil losses from the S1-2 catchment on 20404 m3 yr-1 and the peak discharge on 209 m3s-1 (for the incidence of 100 years). The value of the Z coefficient of 0.917 indicates that the river basin belongs to the second destruction category, where the strength of the erosion process is high. With this study we provided new information about the recent state of the sediment yield of the S1-2 catchment, of the Shirin- Dareh Basin in the North Khorasan province of Iran in formats that can simplify the management in the watersheds, demonstrating the possibility of Soil Loss Estimation using the IntErO Model.
Teologi Sion dalam Obaja 1:16-21
Authors: Prabowo Paulus Dimas , Sangian Piet Edvine
Published: February 2022

Kitab Obaja merupakan kitab terpendek di antara kitab nabi-nabi kecil dengan beragam penafsiran, khususnya dalam menafsirkan restorasi Sion pada hari TUHAN. Pendekatan yang berbeda tentu menghasilkan teologi yang beragam pula. Misalnya, ada yang menafsirkan bahwa restorasi Sion sudah terjadi dalam sejarah sebelum kelahiran Kristus. Ada yang menafsirkan bahwa restorasi Sion mengacu pada gereja. Ada yang memandangnya secara eskatologis, dimana restorasi terjadi di masa milenium damai. Ada juga yang memandang restorasi ini digenapi dua kali, dalam sejarah dan di masa akan datang. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini ialah untuk menemukan teologi tentang Sion dalam Obaja 1:16-21. Metode yang digunakan ialah analisis sastra nubuatan. Hasilnya ialah bahwa restorasi Sion terjadi secara eskatologis di masa mendatang, dan teologi mengenai Sion dalam nats meliputi: (1) Akan Ada Penghukuman Di Sion, (2) Akan Ada Penyelamatan Di Sion, (3) Akan Ada Pengudusan Di Sion, (4) Akan Ada Pengembalian Wilayah Di Sion, dan (5) Akan Ada Pemerintahan TUHAN Di Sion.
Índices de Criminalidade nos Municípios Paulistas: Efeitos Heterogêneos do Desenvolvimento Econômico nos Crimes Contra a Vida e Contra o Patrimônio
Authors: Bezerra de Oliveira Luís Fernando , Saiani Carlos Cesar Santejo
Published: February 2022

Este estudo mensurou índices de criminalidade dos municípios de São Paulo com o objetivo de investigar efeitos heterogêneos do desenvolvimento econômico no tempo e segundo categorias de crimes (contra a vida e contra o patrimônio), dimensões do próprio desenvolvimento (emprego-renda e educação) e regiões do estado (região metropolitana, litoral e interior). A hipótese intrínseca às análises é que quanto piores as condições socioeconômicas de uma localidade, maior o custo de oportunidade e, assim, menor tende a ser a criminalidade. Para atingir o objetivo, foram realizadas regressões em painel dinâmico com dados municipais de 2007 a 2016. Os resultados não refutaram a hipótese, principalmente pelas dimensões emprego-renda e educacional se mostrarem, de forma robusta, como redutora de crimes contra a vida. Porém, o mesmo não pode ser dito em relação aos crimes contra o patrimônio. Ademais, os resultados sinalizaram: componente inercial do crime e relações significativas entre a criminalidade, produtividade policial, armas de fogo e porte e tráfico de entorpecentes.
Pobreza e Diversidades Locacionais: Uma Investigação Empírica para o Brasil a partir do Censo 2010
Authors: Schiavon Laura de Carvalho , Oliveira Ana Maria Hermeto Camilo de
Published: February 2022

Este trabalho realiza um estudo da pobreza relativa domiciliar nos municípios brasileiros para diferentes contextos socioeconômicos, visando investigar a importância da ponderação das variáveis locacionais, analisar a heterogeneidade da relação entre renda domiciliar per capita e características domiciliares e locacionais ao longo da distribuição de renda e estudar os determinantes domiciliares e locacionais da pobreza relativa. Para tanto, são aplicadas diferentes metodologias, Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários, modelos hierárquicos e regressão quantílica. Os resultados reportam a sensibilidade das estimações à inclusão de características municipais nos modelos e a significativa correlação destas com renda, a heterogeneidade da relação entre renda domiciliar per capita e características domiciliares/locacionais ao longo da distribuição de renda e a resposta das estimações à presença de outliers. Os resultados sugerem que políticas de promoção do desenvolvimento humano e de fortalecimento do mercado de trabalho formal brasileiro constituem importante estratégia de redução da pobreza.
Self-Adaptive Blur: A Persuasive Method for Healthy Posture
Authors: Yishuo Liu , Chen Liao , Jingning Zhang
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we presented an interactive method named as Self-Adaptive Blur (SAB). By altering the sharpness of display according to the context, the SAB method was designed to prevent common discomforts of computer users by helping them maintain healthy posture. Based on previous pathophysiological studies, the causation of discomfort, mainly of neck and shoulder pain, was reviewed to select effective factors. A functioning prototype was developed using Microsoft Kinect and a desktop client program. The efficacy of our persuasive practice was examined by a series of experiments with the prototype. Objective records demonstrated the effectiveness of the SAB method, while subjective questionnaires and interviews revealed other instructive findings for further improvements.
Effect of Time of Day and Treadmill Running on the Vertical Spinal Creep Response
Authors: Puntumetakul Rungthip , Karukunchit Usa , Swangnetr Manida , Puntumetakul Montein
Published: February 2022

Height loss during the day is attributed to gravitational loading of intervertebral discs. Previous research demonstrated treadmill running could maximize magnitude of vertical spinal creep (VSC) response. To date, previous studies have not yet investigated time of day when performing treadmill running has effects on VSC response. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of diurnal variation on VSC response after treadmill running. Sixty healthy subjects were recruited. Subjects were randomly assigned into either treadmill running or control groups. Each subject was asked to visit the lab on three consecutive days. The first day included familiarization sessions. The subsequent two consecutive days was to perform treadmill running or normal daily activity. Each subject was measured VSC responses using height loss stadiometer. For the intervention group, subjects were asked to perform treadmill running. For the control group, subjects were asked to continue normal daily activities during the experimental trials. Subjects were measured VSC responses after the completion of test trials. Paired t-test revealed significant increases in VSC responses in the treadmill running group for morning (p = 0.007) and afternoon sessions (p = 0.023). However, the time of day had no significantly effects on magnitude of VSC responses.
Method for Fidelity Evaluation of Nuclear Power Plant Simulators from the Human Factors Point of View
Authors: Laarni Jari , Koskinen Hanna
Published: February 2022

In order to support operator skill acquisition, training simulator environments have to be realistic and represent the real-world counterpart. There is a lot of research on simulator fidelity on various domains, and even though it is also an important topic in the nuclear energy field, there is little research and guidance on how the fidelity of nuclear power plant training simulator should be evaluated. Simulator fidelity evaluation is challenging in the nuclear domain: to be able to use the simulator for training purposes, fidelity evaluation is required before commissioning; on the other hand, it is difficult to compare the simulator to a control room that does not yet exist or that has not yet been upgraded.Our solution to this challenge is a stepwise iterative approach to fidelity assessment that is based on a well-defined fidelity assessment plan, according to which different components of simulator fidelity are evaluated successively in different instants of time. First, we evaluate the physical fidelity including environmental and equipment fidelity; second, we evaluate task and functional fidelity. We will apply our approach in the fidelity evaluation of a training simulator of a Finnish nuclear power plant whose automation and control room systems are digitalized.
The Role of Human Factor in the Transport of Hazardous Materials
Authors: Bęczkowska Sylwia , Grabarek Iwona , Choromanski Wlodzimierz
Published: February 2022

This article describes and analyses issues related to modelling of human factor in the transport of hazardous materials. Due to its complexity, a human being constitutes an element parameterization of which encounters numerous difficulties. In the literature various attempts of human actions’ modelling have been presented. Authors of the article have used heuristic techniques – particularly, fuzzy set methods – in order to build a model of human factor for the purposes of their work. This model defines human actions by text description, that is, linguistically. The specificity of fuzzy sets allows the “precision” of human actions’ description to be “naturally” limited. The model has been built upon proprietary expert-based surveys, enabling selection of specific features, influencing driver’s efficiency, with their corresponding fuzzy sets. The model’s initial parameter is λL – intensity of accidents caused by driver’s mistake. The parameter has been created for the purposes of the proprietary risk assessment model in the road transportation of hazardous materials. Driving mistakes can significantly increase the risk of accidents. This heuristic model has been used to prepare a simulation of the influence of selected features on the driving safety.
TÜRK MODACILARIN 2016-2019 YILLARI ARASINDAKİ KOLEKSİYONLARINA AİT GİYSİ ÖZELLİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Neslihan , HARMANKAYA Hatice
Published: February 2022

Giyim, insanoğlu için ilk çağlarda örtünme amaçlı olarak keşfedilse de, moda olgusuyla birlikte kendini ifade edebilme aracına dönüşmüştür. Giyimin bir ihtiyaç değil de, bir tercih sebebi olmaya başlaması, günümüzde tasarımcıları yeni arayışlara yönlendirmektedir. Moda; sanat ve sanat akımlarından, tarihten, ikonlardan, sosyo politik olaylardan, trendler ve müşteri beklentilerinden, küresel pazarlardan ve teknolojiden etkilenen değişken ve dinamik bir olgudur. Bu araştırma trendlere, renklere, süslemelere, yani kısacası modaya yön veren faktörler hakkında bilgi sahibi olmak ve elimizdeki verilerin incelenerek ileride oluşabilecek olgular hakkında durum bilgisi ve analizlere ulaşabilmek, Türk modacıların hazırladıkları koleksiyonlardaki giysi özelliklerini belirlemek ve yakın dönem moda tarihi açısından Türk moda tasarımcılarının giysi koleksiyonlarını arşivlemek amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Araştırma, kadın giyimi üzerine koleksiyonları olan tanınmış 9 adet Türk modacının (Arzu Kaprol, Ayşe ve Ece Ege, Bora Aksu, Deniz Berdan, Dilek Hanif, Erdem Moralıoğlu, Hüseyin Çağlayan, Özlem Süer, Zeynep Tosun) 2016 - 2019 yılları arasında çıkardıkları koleksiyonların giysi özelliklerinin incelenmesinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma için seçilen koleksiyon fotoğrafları, bulguların elde edilmesi için oluşturulan inceleme formuyla malzeme, model (siluet) ve süsleme biçimleri üzerinden incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar üzerinden grafik tablolar oluşturulmuştur. Her modacının koleksiyonlarına ilişkin özellikler belirlenmiş ve tüm modacılar hakkında genel bir sonuca varılmıştır. Araştırmaya göre; incelenen tasarımcıların koleksiyonlarında en fazla dokuma kumaş kullanıldığı, süsleme açısından organik desenler yer aldığı, en çok X kesimli ve I kesimli elbiseler tercih edildiği belirlenmiştir. Türk modacıların koleksiyonlarında düz ve simetrik kesimler daha çok kullanılmıştır. En çok büzgü, baskı ve kesim (kalıp) özellikli süslemelere yer verilmiştir. İncelenen koleksiyonlarda sanat akımlarından esinlenerek yapılmış koleksiyonlar gözlemlenirken, geçmişte kullanılmış ve günümüzde hala devam etmekte olan tel kırma gibi geleneksel işlemeler ile süslenmiş koleksiyonlar da yer almıştır.