bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RELEVANSI PARTISIPASI POLITIK PEREMPUAN DAN KETERPILIHAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PILKADA SERENTAK 2020
Authors: Suhenty Lolly
Published: July 2022

Partisipasi politik perempuan di Pilkada 2020 merupakan keniscayaan namun masih menjadi persoalan, khususnya di Jawa Barat. Pertama, kondisi pandemi membuat kekhawatiran menurunnya partisipasi pemilih, faktanya justeru terjadi peningkatan, bahkan partisipasi perempuan melebihi partisipasi laki-laki. Kedua, tingginya partisipasi perempuan tidak berbanding lurus dengan keterpilihan perempua. Karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan siginifikansi peningkatan partisipasi pemilih perempuan dan relevansi peningkatan partisipasi pemilih perempuan terhadap keterpilihan perempuan di Pilkada. Metode penelitian menggunakan kualitatif-empirik, dengan teknik studi pustaka. Kerangka pemikiran menggunakan teori perilaku politik, terdiri dari perilaku sosiologis, psikologis, dan rasional. Hasilnya, partisipasi politik perempuan di Pilkada era pandemi mengalami peningkatan, baik pemilih perempuan maupun kandidat perempuan, kolerasi pemilih perempuan dengan keterpilihan kandidat perempuan dipengaruhi adanya kesamaan perspektif perempuan, rekam jejak yang kuat, dan memiliki basis sosial yang kuat.
ARAH KEBIJAKAN AFIRMASI PEREMPUAN DALAM RUU PEMILU REPRESENTASI DESKRIPTIF VS REPRESENTASI SUBSTANTIF
Authors: Nur Agustyati Khoirunnisa
Published: July 2022

Upaya keterwakilan perempuan terus didorong menjelang penyelenggaraan pemilu. Upaya ini dilakukan karena melihat fakta bahwa perempuan masih mengalami ketertinggalan dengan laki-laki di bidang politik. Kehadiran perempuan penting dalam ruang legislatif tidak sekedar untuk memenuhi politik kehadira, tetapi juga menghadirakn politik ide atau gagasan sehingga keterwakilan yang diperjuangkan ini bermakna. Namun banyak yang mempertanyakan apakah perjuangan peningkatan keterwakilan perempuan ini telah mampu menghadirkan keterwakilan yang bermakna, atau keterwakilan perempuan masih berdasarkan jumlah saja. Kebijakan-kebijakan yang responsif gender seperti RUU Penghapusan Kekerasan Seksual daln RUU Keadilan dan Kesetaraan Gender belum juga disahkan hingga saat ini, belum lagi permasalah klasik yang masih dihadapi perempuan Indonesia seperti tingginya Angka Kematian Ibu, diskriminasi terhadap pekerja migran dan kekerasan dalam rumah tangga yang angkanya masih tinngi. Perempuan di satu sisi bukanlah identitas yang tunggal, dalam diri perempuan melekat identitas lain seperti etnis, agama, dan ideologi yang dapat mempengaruhi dalam pengambilan kebijakan. Untuk itu penting bahwa dorongan kebijakan afirmasi tidak berhenti pada kebijakan pada pencalonan perempuan dalam pemilu tetapi juga pengawalan terhadap proses legislasi dan dorongan kepada partai untuk menghadirkan calon-calon anggota legislatif yang memiliki perspektif gender yang baik.
TANTANGAN INTEGRITAS DAN PROFESIONALITAS PENGAWAS PEMILU DI JAWA BARAT (ANALISIS PUTUSAN DKPP TERHADAP PENGAWAS PEMILU DI JAWA BARAT TAHUN 2020-2021)
Authors: Suhenty Lolly
Published: July 2022

Election Supervisory Agency (Bawaslu) is responsible for conducting elections in a democratic and dignied manner. Thus, the code of ethics becomes an integral and inherent value in the souls of election supervisors. In the local context, West Java is the area with the most Final Voter List (DPT), so the problem is more complex, including the number of complaints about alleged violations of the code of ethics against election supervisors. This paper uses a descriptive qualitative analysis method with a literature study through the study of Election Organizer Ethics Council (DKPP) decisions. As a result, it is proven that during the 2020–2021 period, there were 13 complaints of alleged violations of the code of ethics against the Election Supervisory Agency (Bawaslu) with 50 people competing, including 5 strong warnings, 23 warnings, and 22 rehabilitations. This demonstrates that there are two reasons, namely the existence of internal violations, both in terms of integrity and professionalism, and a lack of socialization and information on Bawaslu's work to the public. The challenges ahead are conducting strict recruitment, comprehensive guidance and technology, strengthening and consistency, maintaining integrity and professionalism, the priority of the prudence principle in speech, action, and decision making, and ensuring each division performs public relations work and publishes persuasively.
Eksistensi E-Commerce Menurut Perspektif Islam
Authors: Bin Tahir Achmad Lulu
Published: July 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 memberikan dampak yang besar bagi perilaku hidup masyarakat, salah satunya yaitu perubahan perilaku masyarakat. Perubahan perilaku masyarakat dalam bidang ekonomi dapat dilihat dari meningkatnya angka pengguna e-commerce. Indonesia mengalami peningkatan 10 kali lipat dengan penambahan pelanggan baru yang mencapai lebih dari 50% selama pandemi. Kementrian Keuangan Republik Indonesia melaporkan peningkatan nilai transaksi e-commerce yang mencapai 77,766 triliun yangmana mampu mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji eksistensi e-commerce menurut perspektif Islam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada ayat atau dalil khusus yang secara eksplisit melarang transaksi e-commerce. Transaksi e-commerce tidak dilarang apabila tetap mengikuti syarat yang berlaku dalam Islam dan tidak meninggalkan kewajiban sebagai seorang muslim. Transaksi dalam e-commerce selaras dengan akad yang berlaku dalam Islam yaitu akad bai’ as-salam, bai’ al- Istishna’, dan ba’i al muajjal. Disisi lain terdapat unsur yang harus diperhatikan dalam transaksi e-commerce diantaranya riba, gharar, penipuan, paksaan, maisir, dan haram. Beberapa unsur larangan dalam perdagangan Islam pernah terjadi sebelumnya namun tidak terjadi secara menyeluruh melainkan bersifat kasus individual. Sehingga membutuhkan kehati-hatian untuk menghindar dari unsur terlarang yang sebelumnya pernah terjadi agar tetap sesuai dengan syarat Islam.
The Impacts of Fiscal and Macroeconomic Factors on Vietnam Government Bond Yield
Authors: Trang Nguyen Hoang Le , Nguyen Phuong Anh
Published: July 2022

Government bond yield refers to the borrowing cost for government and the expected return for the individual and institutional investors. Having knowledge of government bond yield helps government operate or adjust the government bond issuance to boost the economic conditions in a country and support investors when diversifying their investment portfolio. To contribute to government bond’s literature and government’s policy, the determinants of government bond yield in Vietnam are examined by using GARCH-types models for time-series data. The findings show that for the 3-year and 5-year government bonds, there are positive relationships between the percentage change of Central Government Balance, Policy Rate change and government bond yields change; while the percentage change of Exchange Rate and VN Index negatively affect government bond yields change. For 10-year government bond, Policy Rate, VN Index, Inflation and VIX are the most significant determinants of the government bond yields. Their changes positively affect bond yields change while Inflation has a negative relationship with government bond yields change. Moreover, Inflation has more significant impact on the change in long-term government bond yields than that in shorter-term government bond yields.
News Media and Attention Spillover across Energy Markets: A Powerful Predictor of Crude Oil Futures Prices
Authors: Cepni Oguzhan , Nguyen Duc Khuong , Sensoy Ahmet
Published: July 2022

We develop two news-based investor attention measures from the news trends function of the Bloomberg terminal and investigate their predictive power for returns on crude oil futures contracts with various maturities. Our main results after controlling for relevant macroeconomic variables show that the Oil-based Institutional Attention Index is useful in predicting oil futures returns, especially during price downturn periods, while the forecasting accuracy is further improved when the Commodity Market Institutional Attention Index is used. This forecasting accuracy decreases, however, with the maturity of oil futures contracts. Moreover, we find some evidence of Granger-causality and regime-dependent interactions between investor attention measures and oil futures returns. Finally, variable selection algorithms matter before making predictions since they create the best forecasting results in many cases considered. These findings are important for informed traders and policymakers to better understand the price dynamics of the oil markets.
Cross-border Effects between the Spanish and French Electricity Markets: Asymmetric Dynamics and Benefits in the Light of European Market Integration
Authors: Urquijo Ignacio Mas , Paraschiv Florentina
Published: July 2022

We investigate cross-border dynamics between the Spanish and French electricity markets in the light of EU’s market integration. The analysis is highly relevant given the isolation of the Iberian Peninsula from the rest of European markets and its unique electricity market design. Results show the shift in the merit order curve in each market. Electricity prices in Spain follow the dynamics of the French ones, fostered by Spain’s import-dependence. Benefits of grid integration are asymmetric, with Spanish users taking advantage of the market integration with France. The substitution effect between domestic fuel-based units and imported green electricity allows Spain to further decarbonize its energy mix and increase the security of supply. The expansion of the cross-border grid until 2030 will be key for a successful phasing out of the remaining coal-based units. Our findings should be considered in support schemes for integration projects to align the incentives of participants.
Analyses of Shear Angle in Orthogonal Cutting of Pine Wood
Authors: Orlowski Kazimierz A. , Chuchala Daniel , Sinn Gerhard
Published: July 2022

The determination of energy effects for wood machining processes, such as cutting power and cutting forces, is very useful in designing of manufacture process of wooden products. A more accurate prediction of cutting forces requires a correct determination of the shear angle value, which can be determined using various models. In this article, shear angle values for an orthogonal linear cutting process of pine wood are determined. The pine wood analysed was represented by two groups of samples with different moisture content levels, 12 % and 20 %. Three different models were used to determine the shear angle values: the Merchant model, which is based on the rake angle and the angle of friction, model based on chip compression ratios and Atkins model based on material properties (elements of fracture mechanics). The values obtained have been analysed for comparison. Results showed that the values of the shearing angles determined from the chip compression ratios turned out to be higher than the values from Merchant equation. The shear angles determined from the Atkins model are, as expected, lower than those determined from the Merchant model. Furthermore, the shear angle values for moisture content of 20 % are higher than for moisture content of 12 %.
Vertrouwen op het morele kompas van ambtenaren
Authors: van Dorp Erik-Jan
Published: July 2022

Boekensignalement

In this feature authors review recently published books on subjects of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.
Klimaatverandering: ecologisch burgerschap
Authors: Tonkens Evelien , Hurenkamp Menno
Published: July 2022

De blinde vlek

The most relevant part of a discussion is not what is discussed but what cannot be spoken of. The real taboos are those for which it is taboo to call them taboos. The status quo defines itself as non-ideological while denouncing any challenge to itself as radical.

Therefore the column ‘De blinde vlek’ frames the framers, politicizes the status quo and articulates what is not heard of.
De opkomst van cryptoactiva in de voetbal- en sportwereld
Authors: Beenen Thom , van den Bosch Wouter
Published: July 2022

De opkomst van cryptoactiva in de voetbal- en sportwereld. Een analyse van het financieel-rechtelijke speelveld?

In dit artikel gaan de auteurs in op de mogelijkheden die de uitgifte van cryptoactiva sportclubs kan bieden. Daarbij wordt een onderscheid gemaakt tussen uitgifte van twee soorten tokens: Fan Tokens en NFT’s. Voor beide soorten tokens worden de kenmerken, het huidige en het toekomstige financieel-rechtelijke kader besproken.
Meeting Attendance Design Using Web-Based Qrcode On Diskominfo Kota Tebing Tinggi
Authors: M Fahri Aditya Nasution  , Hanum Latifah
Published: July 2022

Attendance is an activity carried out by a person to prove himself or not present in a meeting. The current condition of the presence of the meeting in the High Cliff City Diskominfo is still done by manual handwriting. This is ineffective and efficient and causes inaccurate attendance data obtained,so a system is needed that makes attendance effective and efficient for employees of the agency. Therefore, the Meeting Attendance System Design was created using a Web-based QR Code with PHP programming language and MySQL database. The system was created aimed at facilitating the process of the presence of agency employees and making it easier for High Cliff Diskominfo in the data of employees who have done absenteeism. The system is made by utilizing QR Code technology to make it easier for employees to do attendance absences no longer write manuals but by only scanning QR Codes when for absence. The system created has a QR Code scanning feature from qr code that has been created in admin, for scanning can use a webcam on a Personal Computer(PC). The implementation of this QR Code, is expected to make the attendance system easier and is expected to facilitate employees of the High Cliff City Diskominfo in carrying out meeting absences.
The Outsourcing Theory: Approach, Decision and Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Soriano-Sandoval José Luis , Alarcón-Sánchez Karla María
Published: July 2022

Purpose. The purpose of the research is to present, from the management field, an updated approach to Outsourcing theory and how this theory converges with sustainable approaches to corporate social responsibility, such as the Triple Button Line and the Stakeholders theory. The foregoing allows us to propose an updated and more up-to-date theoretical model, attached to the guidelines of the Oslo Manual and the objectives of sustainable development.

Methodology. The document was prepared through a review of specialized literature on outsourcing theory and theories related to sustainable development. Generating a theoretical discussion, providing a new updated and complete theoretical model regarding outsourcing.

Findings. The document allows to propose a new theoretical model that, in turn, helps managers in making decisions regarding the use of outsourcing and reduce uncertainty, regarding the appropriate and/or feasible scenarios for the acquisition of service.

Originality. The current literature document related to the theory of outsourcing and incorporates it with theories of sustainability and the environment, generating a broad and practical theoretical framework for managers and/or decision makers in the company.

Conclusions and limitations. The outsourcing theory must incorporate issues related to sustainability, such as Corporate Social Responsibility, and direct it to practical application in decision-making related to the service. The document is limited to theoretical issues, inviting to continue with its empirical validation in future investigations.
The metaphor of border and the heuristics of borderline experiences and their significance for pedagogical thought and activity
Authors: Gara Jaroslaw
Published: July 2022

The main thesis of this text is expressed in the statement that man is a “borderline being” – who lives within specific boundaries, and his adaptation and development are based on the dialectics of the borderline experience of various specific worlds and their regularities. A metaphor as such always possesses a certain “epistemological surplus” in the layer of its meanings, which may reveal the nature and specificity of that which is complex or ambiguous in its forms of existence. Therefore, the metaphor of border should be considered one of the most important clues in an attempt to bring human existence closer together. A border is something that separates, closes or opens a specific horizon of human experience. In this sense, reaching a border means approaching a particular end - where something can no longer have a simple continuation. Therefore, the objective existence of certain borders and their subjective impression give people an identity or induce them to commit acts of transgression (both constructive and destructive) that constitute an element of their ontological allocation in the surrounding material and natural, and socio-cultural worlds around them. Preserving or transcending specific borders is always experienced by man as something that brings both possibilities and threats to pedagogical impact and related human development.
Penjatuhan Pidana Tambah Kebiri Kimia Terhadap Predator Anak Pada Putusan No.69/Pid.Sus/2019/PN.Mjk
Authors: Sihotang Gita Cristin Debora , Warman Edi , Yunara Edi , Ikhsan Edy
Published: July 2022

Berdasarkan data pusat statistik pada Tahun 2020 yang diumumkan oleh Komisi Perlindungan Perempuan Dan Anak Indonesia (KPPAI) kasus pelecehan dan kekerasan seksual terhadap anak terus mengalami peningkatan secara signifikan. Kasus tersebut telah mencapai 4.975 kasus. Terhadap pelaku kekerasan seksual yang sudah pernah dijatuhi sanksi pidana atas tindak pidana yang sama atau pelaku yang melakukan kekerasan seksual terhadap lebih dari satu orang anak, dapat dikenai tindakan berupa kebiri kimia dan pemasangan alat pendeteksi elektronik. Hal tersebut memunculkan beberapa isu hukum yang menjadi tujuan dari penulisan ini untuk menganalisis dan mengetahui tentang bagaimana kerangka hukum yang mengatur tentang penjatuhan pidana tambahan kebiri kimia terhadap predator anak, kemudian landasan pertimbangan yuridis penjatuhan pidana tambahan kebiri kimia terhadap predator anak, serta penjatuhan hukuman kebiri kimia terhadap predator anak dalamputusan No. 69/Pid.Sus/2019/PN.Mjk. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa sistem pemberian pidana tambahan berupa kebiri kimia juga memiliki beberapa syarat. Hukuman kebiri kimia dilaksanakan berdasarkan pertimbangan hakim dengan mempedomani Pasal 81 ayat (7) UU RI Nomor 17 tahun 2016. Pemerintah harus menunjuk eksekutor yang berwenang dalam menerapkan kebiri kimia dalam ketentuan RUU KUHP dan hukum acara pidana. Penjatuhan pidana tambahan berupa kebiri kimia terhadap pelaku kejahatan seksual dapat dilakukan melalui tahapan pemeriksaan medis ringan serta tidak hanya dikenakan terhadap pelaku kejahatan seksual dengan klasifikasi berat dan harus disertai kompensasi.
Alla Babich: “TA gave me a chance to move toward me and I got my breath back“
Authors: Mkhitaryan Alexandra Oganezovna
Published: July 2022

An interview with Alla Babich, a trainer certified by the European Association of Transactional Analysis, about how he chose the modality of Transactional Analysis and the particularities of his teaching.
Boris Volodin: “One of my speciality is teaching psychologists the basics of psychiatric knowledge“
Authors: Mkhitaryan Alexandra Oganezovna
Published: July 2022

An interview with Boris Volodin, a teacher certified by the European Association of Transactional Analysis, about how he chose the Transactional Analysis modality and the specifics of his teaching.
Liudmila Sjoholm: “I teach to see the pros, to connect to resources“
Authors: Mkhitaryan Alexandra Oganezovna
Published: July 2022

An interview with Liudmila Sjоholm, a teacher certified by the European Association of Transactional Analysis, about how she chose the Transactional Analysis modality and the peculiarities of her teaching.
Dmitry Kasyanov: “I am proud that the terms I have translated have remained unchanged so far“
Authors: Kochetkova-Korelova Olga Vladimirovna
Published: July 2022

D. D. Kasyanov in an interview shares his memories of the first translations of Eric Berne's books and their first editions. The article discusses the correct and incorrect terms from the translator's point of view, which are used in some modern publications. An explanation is given of the main terms of TA.
PENGARUH TATA KELOLA PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP PENGHINDARAN PAJAK DENGAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL PEMODERASI
Authors: Putriyanti Heni , Maria Evi
Published: July 2022

Penghindaran pajak merupakan usaha dalam melakukan peringanan beban pajak suatu perusahaan dan tidak melanggar undang-undang tetapi merugikan bagi negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemilikan institusional, dewan komisaris independen, dan komite audit terhadap penghindaran pajak dengan dimoderasi oleh ukuran perusahaan pada perusahaan pertambangan yang terdaftar di BEI pada tahun 2017-2019. Penelitian ini akan mengukur penghindaran pajak dengan menggunakan Cash Effective Tax Rate (CETR), sedangkan untuk menentuan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Jumlah sampel yang terpilih adalah 19 perusahaan. Analisis regresi linier berganda dipilih sebagai alat untuk mengananlisis data penelitian. Hasil dari penelitian=membuktikan_bahwa kepemilikan instirusional dan dewan komisari independen tidak berpengaruh terhadap penghindaran pajak, komite audit berpengaruh negatif terhadap penghindaran pajak, sedangkan ukuran perusahaan tidak dapat memoderasi baik kepemilikan institusional, dewan komisaris independen maupun komite audit terhadap penghindaran pajak.
Un acercamiento a la estilización y esquematismo de las figuras zoomorfas cerámicas de las Tierras Bajas del Paraná
Authors:   Escuela de Antropología, Facultad de Humanidades y Artes, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina, Ottalagano Flavia V.
Published: July 2022

Los procesos de estilización y esquematismo, que suponen una simplificación y una alteración de lo figurado, han sido escasamente estudiados en el arte prehispánico de las Tierras Bajas del Paraná. Este trabajo se propone profundizar en estos a través del análisis de una muestra de 34 apéndices figurativos de cerámica procedentes del sitio Las Tejas San Nicolás 1 (provincia de Entre Ríos, nordeste de Argentina). Se aportan criterios metodológicos que permiten discutir estos procedimientos en representaciones tridimensionales, lo que a su vez contribuye a identificar taxonómicamente los motivos zoomorfos simplificados. El análisis realizado muestra que las aves de presa constituyen la fauna más representada en el sitio, registrándose un énfasis en la unidad pico-cabeza, la cual actúa como sinécdoque del animal figurado. Los patrones de estilización y esquematización supondrían el uso de códigos visuales sobreentendidos, basados en convenciones socialmente establecidas y aceptadas.
Entre pachamama y las estrellas... rituales pastoriles de fertilidad, arte rupestre y género
Authors:   Instituto de Arqueología y Museo, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Argentina, Isasmendi María Victoria , López Campeny Sara M. L. ,   Instituto de Arqueología y Museo, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Argentina
Published: July 2022

Basándose en el análisis formal y compositivo de la secuencia de arte rupestre del alero Real Grande 3 (rg3), se propone una recurrencia de uso del sitio entre los 5000-1500 años ap. Tomando en cuenta su emplazamiento en el sector de quebradas de altura (4000 msnm), su cercanía a una vertiente y curso permanente de agua, su relación con sitios próximos de distinta funcionalidad y la ausencia de ocupaciones en estratigrafía, la temática de las representaciones se interpreta a la luz de un conjunto de fuentes etnográficas andinas, relacionadas con prácticas pastoriles y ceremonias propiciatorias de fertilidad ganadera.
Marcas olvidadas: estudio de las representaciones rupestres históricas del sitio Los Fierros, Andacollo (norte semiárido de Chile)
Authors:   Sala Museográfica Yahuín, Chile, Alé Cortés Angelo , Maldonado Parada Martín ,   Arqueotectura Estudios Patrimoniales, Chile, Cisternas Jara Liseloth ,   Investigadora independiente, Chile
Published: July 2022

Se presentan los resultados de una investigación desarrollada en el sitio arqueológico Los Fierros, ubicado en la cima del cerro homónimo, a 1200 msnm, en las cercanías de la localidad de Las Carditas, a unos 7 km del centro urbano de Andacollo (región de Coquimbo, Chile). El análisis formal de las diferentes representaciones rupestres registradas en el sitio permitió identificar a los grupos humanos que las produjeron y el período cronológico-cultural durante el cual fueron realizadas. Como resultado de este análisis, relevamos una gran presencia de diseños de momentos históricos que, hasta la fecha, no habían sido documentados ni reconocidos en el norte semiárido chileno, los que corresponden principalmente a marcas de ganado.
Arte rupestre en los sitios Tres Lagunas 1 y Las Tres Marías (valle del Genoa, Chubut, Argentina): un aporte metodológico
Authors:   CONICET, Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina, Scheinsohn Vivian , Leonardt Sabrina ,   CONICET, Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina, Rizzo Florencia ,   CONICET, Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina, Vadalá Gisela ,   Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina, Tchilinguirián Pablo ,   CONICET, Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Published: July 2022

Se presentan y comparan dos sitios con arte rupestre del centro oeste de la Patagonia, denominados Tres Lagunas 1 y Las Tres Marías, ubicados en las cercanías del valle del Genoa (departamento Tehuelches, provincia del Chubut, Argentina). Ambos contienen pinturas que corresponden a la tendencia abstracto geométrica compleja, también conocida como estilo de grecas. Para este trabajo propusimos examinar la variación intersubjetiva en la codificación y clasificación del arte rupestre, en vista de su importancia para la cuantificación de tipos de motivos. Se analizan las diferencias y semejanzas entre estos sitios, considerando los tipos de motivos presentes, y se las discute en un contexto regional. También se reconoce la importancia cuantitativa de los enmarcados y la presencia en el sitio Las Tres Marías de la técnica del estarcido con enmascarado.
Perception and Acceptance of Genetically Modified Foods in Malaysia
Authors: Sanmugam Sharmithaa , Sivakumar Suweka , Gobalakrishnan Tejaswini , Sarawanan Thatchaayinee , Rashmi Abeweera Pasan , Sandrasaigaran Pratheep
Published: July 2022

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and genetically modified (GM) foods were doubted for creating an adverse health problem for humans and animals besides causing severe environmental impacts. However, such allegations were mostly made based on inaccurate scientific data. Consequently, GM foods face blatant rejections from the public member. On the other hand, there is a rising concern for sustainable food supply to the increasing world population, and if no mitigation is taken, it may lead to severe malnutrition problems in future. As GM foods can be an ideal solution for world hunger and malnourishment problems, the misconceptions surrounding them must be first resolved. Every country that approved GMOs and GM foods has set up regulatory bodies besides enacting laws and ordinances to safeguard its citizens. In Malaysia, the Malaysian Biosafety Act and other governing bodies such as National Biosafety Board (NBB) and Genetic Modification Advisory Committee (GMAC) have played a pivotal role in ensuring the containment of GMOs and GM foods from accidental release to the environment. Despite the well-regulated plot, Malaysians are still reluctant to accept GMOs and GM foods. Thus, every stakeholder and media must play a crucial role to curb GMOs' negative image from spreading to the public.
Geoblocking von Spielfilmen
Authors: Fangmann Henning
Published: July 2022

On the World Wide Web, of all places, the availability of feature films often ends at national borders. The reason for this is so-called geoblocking. Geoblocking can be used to technically enforce spatial restrictions on copyright usage rights. However, this seems to be in direct conflict with the European vision of a digital single market.

This work examines the conflicts arising from the use of geoblocking, in particular with regard to fundamental rights, the freedom to provide services and EU competition law. In addition, it looks at the extent to which the territorially restricted allocation of rights and the use of geoblocking are already subject to legal standardisation.
Higher Education in India: New Educational Policy – 2020 and Educational Issues in the Post-COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lal Jangu Suwa
Published: July 2022

The Indian higher education system is one of the largest systems in the world. India has seen a big development in the higher education sector as enrolment and the numbers of higher educational institutions have increased almost four-time in the last two decades. Service economies in developed countries tend to have a great demand for higher education. India contributes to the global workforce is only marginal. Education produces social justice in the future as well as being a benefit to young people in the present. Education suggests that the power of intellectual curiosity and the love of learning were equally strong motives as the need for a social leader. The recent NEP 2020 seeks equity and inclusion through education. Online education used to be an outlier until the Covid-19 pandemic placed it at center stage. The story of India education system is obsessed with examinations and grades. With no financial support to build new facilities or open new universities, enrolling students online seems the logical solution to boost capacity. The growing demand for admission in higher educational institutions in India coupled with the inadequacy of public expenditure on the same sector.
Perspective Chapter: Macrophages Plasticity and Immune Metabolism
Authors: Otieno Filex , Kyalo Cynthia
Published: July 2022

Macrophages are phagocytic cells that reside within body tissues. They can either be derived from circulating monocytes or can arise during the embryonic stage of fetal development. Tissue macrophages are predominantly of embryonic origin. But can result from differentiation of circulating monocytes to become resident macrophages either in pathological or physiological state. Macrophages are classified based on their tissue location and method of activation. Classically activated macrophages are the M1 phenotype while alternatively activated macrophages are M2 phenotype. M1 macrophages are pro-inflammatory since they secrete cytokines that attract inflammatory mediators. They are majorly activated by either interferon-gamma or lipopolysaccharide molecules. M2 macrophages are anti-inflammatory and mediate tissue healing and repair. They are activated by cytokines such as interleukin four, ten, and thirteen. The metabolic profiles of these classes of macrophages are intrinsically different and complex yet intertwined. M1 macrophages depend on aerobic glycolysis for energy production while M2 macrophages rely on aerobic fatty acid oxidation pathways. These metabolic pathways optimize macrophage functioning. Regulation of both activation and metabolism depends on transcriptional factors such as STAT 1 and 6, and IRF. Defects in these pathways lead to development of disorders related to macrophage activation and metabolism.
GIS Applications in Agriculture
Authors: Ghosh Parmita , P. Kumpatla Siva
Published: July 2022

Technological innovations during the recent centuries have enabled us to significantly boost agricultural production to feed the rapidly increasing global population. While advances in digital technologies triggered the onset of the fourth revolution in agriculture, we also have several challenges such as limited cropland, diminishing water resources, and climate change, underscoring the need for unprecedented measures to achieve agricultural resilience to support the world population. Geographic information system (GIS), along with other partner technologies such as remote sensing, global positioning system, artificial intelligence, computational systems, and data analytics, has been playing a pivotal role in monitoring crops and in implementing optimal and targeted management practices towards improving crop productivity. Here we have reviewed the diverse applications of GIS in agriculture that cover the entire pipeline from land-use planning to crop-soil-yield monitoring to post-harvest operations. GIS, in combination with digital technologies and through new and emerging areas of applications, is enabling the realization of precision farming and sustainable food production goals.
Lesser Known African Indigenous Tree and Fruit Plants: Recent Evidence from Literatures and Regular Cultivation Culture
Authors: Paul Baiyeri Kayode , Olajide Kolawole
Published: July 2022

Indigenous plant species native to Africa have numerous uses. They have a long and rich ethno-medicinal history with well-known native applications in different African countries. The effects of these indigenous underutilized crops in local traditional medicine differ. But they play an important role in enhancing food and nutrition security of the population. Tropical plant species have economic potential as they make great socio-economic impact on the livelihoods of rural dwellers. Despite their economic, food and nutritional values, these plants are still underutilized and have not been brought under regular cultivation culture due to inadequate information about their food values and their agronomic requirements for cultivation. Their potential values to the African food system could be enhanced if they are domesticated and prevented from going into extinction. Thus, the potential implications for long-term sustainable food security of these plants should not be neglected. Therefore, there is the need to recognize and enable indigenous foods from the indigenous plant species to serve as a key resource in ensuring healthy food systems in Africa. The inherent potential of the following tropical indigenous plant species African Walnut (Plukenetia conophora Muell Arg.), Saba (Saba senegalensis (A. DC.) Pichon), Baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) and Kapok (Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn.) are discussed in this review.
Intelligent Cybersecurity Threat Management in Modern Information Technologies Systems
Authors: Saeed Jawad Mohammed , Hlayel Mohammed
Published: July 2022

Recently, cybersecurity threat management policy is important to be integrated in the management of any organization using information systems whether these organizations are big, medium or even small. As a good practice to be adopted, these organizations need to adapt to recent trends of security threats to prevent these threat or to minimize the risks associated to them. Understanding attackers’ behavior in crucial in the success of this journey and it’s always good to probe the systems as ethical hacking to identify possible security vulnerabilities and points of attacks. Modern information systems as cloud computing even should be considered in special care based on the characteristics of cloud security as data confidentiality, encryption and availability in the context of agile DevOps software project management. This book chapter presents the best practices to be adopted and how the organization adapts by setting realistic and reasonable security policies to intelligently manage different types of security threats.
Vein of Marshall Ethanol Infusion in Setting of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Authors: Rossi Andrea , Marchese Procolo , Piacenti Marcello
Published: July 2022

Catheter ablation especially in persistent atrial fibrillation has limited success. Strategies beyond pulmonary veins isolation failed to demonstrate improvement of long-term rhythm maintenance. The vein of Marshall (VOM) is a promising therapeutic target as it fit perfectly with “Coumel’s triangle”: triggers in form of focal activities or stable reentries priming atrial fibrillation comes typically from tissue surrounding the VOM, it colocalize with mitral line especially in the epicardial part difficult to approach by endocardial ablations, it contains autonomic parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation implicated in arrhythmogenesis. Epicardial chemical ablation by ethanol delivery directly inside the vein of Marshall represents an attractive therapeutic approach eliminating arrhythmic triggers and autonomic modulators and, as it colocalize with the trajectory of the mitral isthmus, completing the integrity of that linear lesion. Based on advantages provided from VOM alcoholization, this technique has been progressively introduced in addiction to standard ablation strategies in atrial fibrillation treatment. This chapter aims to describe the electrophysiological characteristics of vein of Marshall, the technical aspects of ethanol delivery and the evidences from the literature supporting the emerging role of VOM alcoholization in atrial fibrillation treatment.
Impacts of Human Activities on the High Mountain Landscape of the Tatras (Example of the Border Area of the High and Belianske Tatras, Slovakia)
Authors: Piscová Veronika , Hreško Juraj , Ševčík Michal , Slobodová Terézia
Published: July 2022

We summarize impacts of human activities on the alpine landscape at the border of the High and Belianske Tatras (Slovakia). The High Tatras, especially due to the glacial relief on the crystalline rocks and specific climatic conditions, represent the most attractive area of year-round tourism. The Belianske Tatras represent the limestone part of the mountain range, with rare communities, many endemics and glacial relics, and are among the rarest and most endangered mountains in Slovakia. In the past, this area was mainly affected by grazing, forest cutting and mining. Currently, the area is protected as the Tatra National Park, the Tatras Biosphere Reserve, by the Habitats Directive and the Birds Directive, tourism is the only human activity in the area. Due to tourism, the ridge trail of the Belianske Tatras has been closed since 1978 and one of the trails has been open since 1993. The current hiking, as the only activity in the area, is bearable, which was confirmed by experimental research. But hiking trails are threatened by many morphodynamic processes.
Laryngeal Leukoplakia: A Focus on Histology
Authors: Leoncini Giuseppe
Published: July 2022

Leukoplakia is a clinical term referring to a whitish plaque on the mucosal surfaces that cannot be scraped off. Otolaryngologists daily have to face such findings in both the oral cavity and the larynx. In the latter, several pathological conditions ranging from reactive to neoplastic lesions can underlie leukoplakia. Hence, a proper understanding of the histological spectrum of laryngeal diseases sharing leukoplakia as their main clinical presentation plays a critical role in the clinical management of patients. In that setting, the histological assessment of laryngeal dysplasia is known to have represented a matter of disagreement mostly about grading, and several grading systems have been proposed over time. Nonetheless, the histologic assessment of laryngeal leukoplakia is a mandatory requirement in clinical planning, leading to a proper treatment choice.
Spatial-Temporal Data Analysis in Nonlinear System
Authors: He Xing , Chen Minyu
Published: July 2022

Spatial-temporal analysis is at the heart of data mining in Big Data Era. Most mathematical tools are incompetent to deal with spatial-temporal data. This phenomenon has greatly spurred the development of data science, especially in the field of BDA (big data analytics). This chapter proposes random matrix theory (RMT) to handle this problem, which begins by modeling spatial-temporal datasets as sequences, whose term is in the form of a random matrix each. Then, some fundamental RMT principles are briefly discussed, such as asymptotic spectrum laws, transforms, convergence rate, and free probability, in order to extract high-dimensional statistics from the random matrix as the indicators. The statistical properties of these indicators are discussed for a better understanding of the system. Finally, some potential application fields are given.
Use of Melatonin as a Feed Additive
Authors: Kahraman Oğuzhan , Safa İnanç Zekeriya , Derya Arık Huzur , Selçuk Alataş Mustafa
Published: July 2022

Melatonin is a molecule that plays an active role in reducing many stress factors in plants and has important functions in the growth, development and reproduction of plants. It has many physiological functions that directly affect feed consumption, feed efficiency, energy metabolism and immune system in animal organisms. In addition, its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer and antiapoptotic effects are also known. While melatonin has an antioxidative effect at low doses, it can exert a prooxidant effect at high doses. It has been suggested that when melatonin is used as a silage additive, it increases the total acid content of the silage and significantly improves the silage fermentation quality by lowering the pH level and butyric acid. Although it has positive effects on mammary gland involution and general health in ruminants, its effects on yield parameters have not been proven. Broilers and layers are expected high productivity and performance, in this regard, they are faced with stress factors such as intensive feeding and housing conditions. Considering its positive effects on stress factors, health and productivity, melatonin is a promising feed additive. Effects of melatonin additive or supplements on animal productivity and health should be revealed in further studies.
The Influence of Indian Ancient Educational Systems on India’s Educational Strategy
Authors: Kumar Naskar Sukanta , Chatterjee Sushovan
Published: July 2022

The study of the nature of knowledge and philosophical traditions is the foundation of the ancient Indian education system, which aims to enable human life not only to improve personal economic conditions, but also to improve the social, moral, and spiritual aspects of life. People are not only concerned about improving human life, but also realizing the “higher truth” from darkness to light, that is, “Tamaso Ma Jyotirgamaya”. Therefore, education is not only a means of making money but also contributes to the development of mankind along with enriching society. Therefore, our Indian sages or masters are committed to understanding the super-smart world and the use of spiritual power and adjusting their lives accordingly. The ultimate goal of education appears in Chitti Vrittinirodha (controlling spiritual activities related to the so-called materialist world). Therefore, education is an important means to make people’s potential development in a positive direction so that people can live in a society full of dignity. In the latest “National Education Policy-2020 (NEP-2020)” issued by the Indian government, many suggestions are made to integrate the current education system into the ancient education system. The rich heritage of ancient and eternal Indian knowledge and thought has always been the guiding principle of this policy. In Indian thought and philosophy, the pursuit of knowledge (Jnan), wisdom (Pragyaa), and truth (Satya) have always been regarded as the highest of mankind.
Globalization and Education: Trends towards Sustainability
Authors: Olga Bernaldo Maria , Fernandez-Sanchez Gonzalo
Published: July 2022

Higher Education Institutions (IES) have a very relevant role in the path towards sustainability. The problem of the implementation of curricular sustainability is the disparity of solutions that can be adopted depending on the political and economic situation of each country. The study of a practical case in the south of Honduras allows the student to approach key decisions in a real scenario to bring improvements to a very disadvantaged population, lacking basic services, such as water and electricity, under the premise of sustainability, facing aspects as relevant such as sustainable mobility, water resources management, energy and construction models, in a context where globalization and technological innovation play a very important role. It is essential to know in depth the real context where structural changes will be applied to understand that there is no single reality, that actions are built adapting to specific situations and that the effectiveness of the measures that can be adopted to establish models that prioritize that part of sustainability that best weighs the balance between the environment, society and the economy for each case.
A Thomistic, Non-Ableist Conception of Impairment and Disability
Authors: Cross Bryan R. ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: July 2022

In this essay, I present a conception of physical impairment as a privation of the actualization of one or more of a creature’s natural capacities. This broadly Thomistic, non-ableist conception of impairment affirms the intrinsic dignity of the person with the impairment. As a result, it stands between the conceptions of disability as a mere difference and disability as a bad difference. Finally, I show how arguments in favor of disabilities’ remaining in heaven generally presuppose a denial of this conception of impairment.
Addressing Vulnerability Due to Cognitive Impairment through Catholic Social Teaching
Authors: Eberl Jason T. ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: July 2022

Meeting the needs of individuals who experience vulnerability due to cognitive impairment presents significant challenges to caregivers. Primary caregiver responsibility is often relegated to professionals in hospitals or long-term care facilities, while proxy decision-making responsibility lies with families. The complex relationship among patients, professional caregivers, and families may be further complicated by the relative cognitive capacity of different patients. While some experience diminished cognitive capacity to such an extent that they cannot make any informed voluntary decisions, others may be able to express global preferences and participate more actively in rehabilitative efforts. With reference to Catholic social teaching, I briefly establish the intrinsic dignity of human persons who experience cognitive impairment and then analyze how the web of relationships and responsibilities among patients, professional caregivers, families, and communities ought to be defined. Finally, I consider how these relationships may be optimized to enhance participation in mutually reinforced caregiving and decision making.
Answering Our Call to Witness in Prenatal Genetic Counseling
Authors: Ostertag Christopher ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: July 2022

In this paper, I discuss prenatal screening, testing, and diagnosis, before highlighting the literature on the incidence of selective abortion after prenatal diagnosis. For Catholic health care professionals and institutions, the correlation between prenatal diagnosis and abortion is highly problematic. Several authors have discussed the concern of illicit cooperation with selective abortion in this context; and while avoiding any illicit cooperation is necessary, it is not sufficient. Given the biases against disability that exist in both medicine and society, Catholic health care professionals and institutions are called to witness to the ontological and moral truths of our faith regarding the unborn and persons with disabilities by offering prenatal genetic testing and counseling in a radically transformed way.