bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-supplying Cu2+ and H2O2 synergistically enhancing disulfiram-mediated melanoma chemotherapy
Authors: Gao Yingqian , Cai Xiaojun , Zou Weijuan , Tang Xiuzhen , Jiang Lixian , Hao Junnian , Zheng Yuanyi , Ye Xinhua , Ying Tao , Li Ao
Published: April 2024

Disulfiram (DSF) can target and kill cancer cells by disrupting cellular degradation of extruded proteins and has therefore received particular attention for its tumor chemotherapeutic potential.
A multi-channel microfluidic platform based on human flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 for personalised medicine
Authors: De Angelis Melissa , Schobesberger Silvia , Selinger Florian , Sedlmayr Viktor Laurin , Frauenlob Martin , Corcione Orsola , Dong Shiman , Gilardi Gianfranco , Ertl Peter , Sadeghi Sheila J.
Published: April 2024

A microfluidic platform with immobilized human flavin-containing monooxygenase for high-throughput screening of drugs with relevance to personalised medicine.
Regulating oxygen vacancies by Zn atom doping to anchor and disperse promoter Ba on MgO support to improve Ru-based catalysts activity for ammonia synthesis
Authors: Chen Yuanjie , He Junqiao , Lei Haiyan , Tu Qunyao , Huang Chen , Cheng Xiangwei , Yang Xiazhen , Liu Huazhang , Huo Chao
Published: April 2024

Zn doping promotes the formation of oxygen vacancy, which anchors and disperses Ba.
A surface-independent bioglue using photo-crosslinkable benzophenone moiety
Authors: Shi Yue , Tao Xuelian , Du Ping , Pasic Paul , Esser Lars , Chen Hsien-Yeh , Thissen Helmut , Wang Peng-Yuan
Published: April 2024

The UV-crosslinkable benzophenone (BP) “bio-glue” efficiently crosslinks with various surfaces and biomolecules. The beauty of this bio-glue lies in its simplicity and broad applicability, requiring no sophisticated equipment or reaction conditions.
1D hollow tubular/2D nanosheet hybrid dimensional porous carbon prepared by one-step carbonization using natural minerals as templates for supercapacitors
Authors: Liu Fangfang , Zhang Chao , Huang Weiwei , Chen Lei , Wang Yuanshuang , Niu Jinan , Chuan Xiuyun
Published: April 2024

1D hollow tubular/2D nanosheet hybrid dimensional porous carbon was synthesized through one-step carbonization using 1D fibrous brucite and 2D layered magnesium carbonate hydroxide as templates.
Regioselective C(sp2)–H halogenation of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines facilitated by hypervalent iodine(iii) under aqueous and ambient conditions
Authors: Chillal Abhinay S. , Bhawale Rajesh T. , Kshirsagar Umesh A.
Published: April 2024

An efficient and mild approach has been developed for the regio-selective direct C3 halogenation of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines employing readily available potassium halide salts and a hypervalent iodine(iii) reagent at ambient temperature.
Charge–discharge mechanism, lithium-ion diffusion in Al, Ca, and Cu doped lithium metatitanate based anodes for Li-ion batteries: first principles study
Authors: Surthi Kiran Kumar , Thak Mamatha , Kar Kamal K.
Published: April 2024

Understanding the charge–discharge mechanism at the atomic-scale and the evolution of electrochemical properties for lithiated/de-lithiated compounds is a key challenge in lithium ion batteries (LIBs).
The role of Mn in widening the potential window of solid solution derived electrodes for aqueous supercapacitors
Authors: Shi Ziying , Liu Enzuo , Chen Biao , Sha Junwei , Qian Lihua , Zhang Zhijia , Han Xiaopeng , Hu Wenbin , He Chunnian , Zhao Naiqin , Kang Jianli
Published: April 2024

The role of Mn in widening the potential window and MnOx chemical stability in different electrolytes.
A facile solution-based aluminum oxide interface layer for enhancing the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells
Authors: Jiao Xinning , Ma Guoqing , Gu Wei-Min , Jiang Ke-Jian , Xue Tangyue , Yu Guanghui , Wu Limei , Zhang Qing-Wu , Gao Cai-Yan , Fan Xin-Heng , Yang Lian-Ming , Song Yanlin
Published: April 2024

An ultrathin Al2O3 layer is modified on a perovskite surface via in situ hydrolysis and condensation of aluminum triisopropoxide. The Al2O3 layer can prevent moisture ingress, reduce the defect concentration, and suppress iodine migration in the devices.
Insight into piezoelectricity modulation mechanism of ZnO doped with Y ions
Authors: Wang Zihan , Sun Yue , Wang Shenglong , Xiong Da , Tian Guo , Huang Longchao , Lan Boling , Jin Long , Yang Weiqing , Deng Weili
Published: April 2024

Modulation of piezoelectricity by doping at the atomic scale, with insight into general factors affecting piezoelectricity and the enhancement principle.
Exploring the thermoelectric properties of two-dimensional organic conjugated polymers with Dirac cone-like electronic structures
Authors: Zhu Jie , Sun Yajing , Zhang Zhen , Hu Wenping
Published: April 2024

2D organic conjugated polymers with Dirac cone-like structures not only exhibit unique advantages in electrical conductivity but also show excellent thermoelectric transport properties. These materials have potential application value in the field of thermoelectrics.
Machine learning enabled exploration of multicomponent metal oxides for catalyzing oxygen reduction in alkaline media
Authors: Jia Xue , Li Hao
Published: April 2024

Machine learning can map and predict the oxygen reduction reaction performance of multicomponent metal oxides in alkaline media.
Enhancing antibacterial properties by regulating valence configurations of copper: a focus on Cu-carboxyl chelates
Authors: Qian Qiuping , Chen Jige , Qin Mingming , Pei Yu , Chen Chunxiu , Tang Dongping , Makvandi Pooyan , Du Wei , Yang Guoqiang , Fang Haiping , Zhou Yunlong
Published: April 2024

Enhancing the antibacterial properties by regulating valence configurations of copper: a focus on Cu-carboxyl chelates.
Computational prediction and characterization of CuI-based ternary p-type transparent conductors
Authors: Seifert Michael , Rauch Tomáš , Marques Miguel A. L. , Botti Silvana
Published: April 2024

We report on the ab initio structure prediction of ternary Cu(S,Se)I alloys and characterise the discovered candidate systems for applications as p-type transparent conductors.
Lightweight, flexible, and conductive PEDOT:PSS coated polyimide nanofibrous aerogels for piezoresistive pressure sensor application
Authors: Thi Khuat Khanh-Van , Doan Hoan Ngoc , Vo Phu Phong , Nguyen De , Kinashi Kenji , Sakai Wataru , Tsutsumi Naoto
Published: April 2024

Conductive PEDOT:PSS-coated polyimide nanofibrous aerogels as piezoresistive pressure sensors.
Astrocytes at the intersection of ageing, obesity, and neurodegeneration
Authors: Firth Wyn , Pye Katherine R , Weightman Potter Paul G
Published: April 2024

Once considered passive cells of the central nervous system (CNS), glia are now known to actively maintain the CNS parenchyma; in recent years, the evidence for glial functions in CNS physiology and pathophysiology has only grown. Astrocytes, a heterogeneous group of glial cells, play key roles in regulating the metabolic and inflammatory landscape of the CNS and have emerged as potential therapeutic targets for a variety of disorders. This review will outline astrocyte functions in the CNS in healthy ageing, obesity, and neurodegeneration, with a focus on the inflammatory responses and mitochondrial function, and will address therapeutic outlooks.
Comprehensive Characterization of Hearing Loss and Tinnitus in Military-Affiliated and Non–Military-Affiliated Individuals
Authors: Jain Namitha , Tai Yihsin , Wilson Caterina , Granato Elsa C. , Esquivel Carlos , Tsao Anthony , Husain Fatima T.
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

Military-affiliated individuals (MIs) are at a higher risk of developing hearing loss and tinnitus. While these disorders are well-studied in MIs, their impact relative to non–military-affiliated individuals (non-MIs) remains understudied. Our study compared hearing, speech-in-noise (SIN) perception, and tinnitus characteristics between MIs and non-MIs.

Method:

MIs (
n
= 84) and non-MIs (
n
= 193) underwent hearing threshold assessment and Quick Speech-in-Noise Test. Participants with tinnitus completed psychoacoustic tinnitus matching, numeric rating scale (NRS) for loudness and annoyance, and Tinnitus Functional Index. Comorbid conditions such as anxiety, depression, and hyperacusis were assessed. We used a linear mixed-effects model to compare hearing thresholds and SIN scores between MIs and non-MIs. A multivariate analysis of variance compared tinnitus characteristics between MIs and non-MIs, and a stepwise regression was performed to identify predictors of tinnitus severity.

Results:

MIs exhibited better hearing sensitivity than non-MIs; however, their SIN scores were similar. MIs matched their tinnitus loudness to a lower intensity than non-MIs, but their loudness ratings (NRS) were comparable. MIs reported greater tinnitus annoyance and severity on the relaxation subscale, indicating increased difficulty engaging in restful activities. Tinnitus severity was influenced by hyperacusis and depression in both MIs and non-MIs; however, hearing loss uniquely contributed to severity in MIs.

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest that while MIs may exhibit better or comparable listening abilities, they were significantly more affected by tinnitus than non-MIs. Furthermore, our study highlights the importance of assessing tinnitus-related distress across multiple dimensions, facilitating customization of management strategies for both MIs and non-MIs.
Connected Speech Fluency in Poststroke and Progressive Aphasia: A Scoping Review of Quantitative Approaches and Features
Authors: Cordella Claire , Di Filippo Lauren , Kolachalama Vijaya B. , Kiran Swathi
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

Speech fluency has important diagnostic implications for individuals with poststroke aphasia (PSA) as well as primary progressive aphasia (PPA), and quantitative assessment of connected speech has emerged as a widely used approach across both etiologies. The purpose of this review was to provide a clearer picture on the range, nature, and utility of individual quantitative speech/language measures and methods used to assess connected speech fluency in PSA and PPA, and to compare approaches across etiologies.

Method:

We conducted a scoping review of literature published between 2012 and 2022 following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Forty-five studies were included in the review. Literature was charted and summarized by etiology and characteristics of included patient populations and method(s) used for derivation and analysis of speech/language features. For a subset of included articles, we also charted the individual quantitative speech/language features reported and the level of significance of reported results.

Results:

Results showed that similar methodological approaches have been used to quantify connected speech fluency in both PSA and PPA. Two hundred nine individual speech-language features were analyzed in total, with low levels of convergence across etiology on specific features but greater agreement on the most salient features. The most useful features for differentiating fluent from nonfluent aphasia in both PSA and PPA were features related to overall speech quantity, speech rate, or grammatical competence.

Conclusions:

Data from this review demonstrate the feasibility and utility of quantitative approaches to index connected speech fluency in PSA and PPA. We identified emergent trends toward automated analysis methods and data-driven approaches, which offer promising avenues for clinical translation of quantitative approaches. There is a further need for improved consensus on which subset of individual features might be most clinically useful for assessment and monitoring of fluency.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25537237
The quiescent population at 0.5 ≤ z ≤ 0.9: Environmental impact on the mass–size relation
Authors: Figueira M. , Siudek M. , Pollo A. , Krywult J. , Vergani D. , Bolzonella M. , Cucciati O. , Iovino A.
Published: April 2024

Context. How the quiescent galaxies evolve with redshift and the factors that impact their evolution are still debated. It is still unclear what the dominant mechanisms of passive galaxy growth are and what role is played by the environment in shaping their evolutionary paths over cosmic time.

Aims. The population of quiescent galaxies is altered over time by several processes that can affect their mean properties. Our aim is to study the mass–size relation (MSR) of the quiescent population and to understand how the environment shapes the MSR at intermediate redshift.

Methods. We used the VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS), a large spectroscopic survey of ∼90 000 galaxies in the redshift range 0.5 ≤ z ≤ 1.2. We selected a mass-complete sample of 4786 passive galaxies based on the NUVrK diagram and refined it using the Dn4000 spectral index to study the MSR of the passive population over 0.5 ≤ z ≤ 0.9. The impact of the environment on the MSR and on the growth of the quiescent population is studied through the density contrast.

Results. The slope and the intercept of the MSR, α = 0.62 ± 0.04 and log(A) = 0.52 ± 0.01, agree well with values from the literature at the same redshift. The intercept decreases with redshift, Re(z) = 8.20 × (1 + z)−1.70, while the slope remains roughly constant, and the same trend is observed in the low-density (LD) and high-density (HD) environments. Thanks to the largest spectroscopic sample at 0.5 ≤ z ≤ 0.9, these results are not prone to redshift uncertainties from photometric measurements. We find that the average size of the quiescent population in the LD and HD environments are identical within 3σ and this result is robust against a change in the definition of the LD and HD environments or a change in the selection of quiescent galaxies. In the LD and HD environments, ∼30 and ∼40% of the population have experienced a minor merger process between 0.5 ≤ z ≤ 0.9. However, minor mergers account only for 30–40% of the size evolution in this redshift range, the remaining evolution likely being due to the progenitor bias.
Forward modeling of the Mg I 12.32 μm line from a 3D magnetohydrodynamic model of an enhanced network
Authors: Sedik Mohamed , Bai Xianyong , Li Wenxian , Yang Xiao , Deng Yuanyong
Published: April 2024

Context.The Mg I 12 μm lines, 12.22 and 12.32 μm, represent a pair of emission lines, and their line cores originate around the temperature minimum region. These lines exhibit the highest ratio of Zeeman to Doppler broadening in the infrared solar spectrum, making them crucial for accurately investigating the solar magnetic field.

Aims.We synthesized the Mg I 12.32 μm Stokes profiles from a 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model and studied the validity of different methods for extracting the magnetic field. The observational profiles at different spatial resolution were simulated, which are helpful for the design of future solar telescopes with large apertures.

Methods.We used a 3D MHD simulation model for an enhanced network computed using the Bifrost code. We performed nonlocal thermal equilibrium calculations for Stokes profiles of the Mg I 12.32 μm line using the Rybicki–Hummer code.

Results.From the simulation we determined the average formation height of the Mg I 12.32 μm line to be around 450 km. The various solar features have different formation heights, and the variance of formation height in magnetic concentration regions is about 160 km. The wavelength-integrated method is proven effective in calibrating the integrated Stokes profiles to obtain the longitudinal (Bl) and horizontal (BH) field components for weak magnetic fields; theBlis below 300 G. Furthermore, the weak field approximation was found to be valid only for estimating magnetic fields withBlbelow 150 G. The StokesIprofiles clearly show Zeeman triple splitting around the magnetic flux concentration with a grid resolution of 48 km. We determined that a resolution of 0.97″, equivalent to the diffraction limit of a telescope with a diameter of 3.2 m, was necessary to detect the Zeeman splitting for the simulated snapshot. Our results from this 3D MHD model are valuable for interpreting data from the Accurate Infrared Magnetic Field Measurements of the Sun (AIMS) telescope and designing future solar infrared telescopes.
High resolution atmospheric retrievals of WASP-76b transmission spectroscopy with ESPRESSO: Monitoring limb asymmetries across multiple transits
Authors: Maguire Cathal , Gibson Neale P. , Nugroho Stevanus K. , Fortune Mark , Ramkumar Swaetha , Gandhi Siddharth , de Mooij Ernst
Published: April 2024

Direct atmospheric retrievals of exoplanets at high resolution have recently allowed for a more detailed characterisation of their chemistry and dynamics from the ground. By monitoring the longitudinal distribution of species across multiple transits, as well as the varying vertical temperature structure and dynamics between the limbs of WASP-76b, we aim to enhance our understanding of the 3D nature and chemical and dynamical evolution of such objects over timescales of months to years. We present retrievals of three VLT/ESPRESSO observations of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-76b, including one not yet reported in the literature, from which we constrain the atmospheric abundances, vertical temperature structure, and atmospheric dynamics for the leading and trailing limbs of the atmosphere separately, via novel rotational broadening kernels. We confirm the presence of VO recently reported in the atmosphere of WASP-76b. We find a uniform longitudinal distribution of Fe and Mg across the limbs of the atmosphere for each of the transits, which is consistent with previous works as well as with stellar values. We constrain substellar Na/Fe and Cr/Fe ratios across each of the transits, which is consistent with previous studies of WASP-76b. Where constrained, V/Fe and VO/Fe ratios were also found to be broadly consistent between the limbs of the atmosphere for each of the transits, as well as with previous studies. However, for two of the transits, both V and VO were unconstrained in the leading limb, suggesting a possible depletion due to recombination and condensation. The consistency of our constraints across multiple high resolution observations, as well as with previous studies that used varying modelling and retrieval frameworks and/or instruments, affirms the efficacy of high resolution ground-based retrievals of exoplanetary atmospheres.
National Consensus on Contraindications for Corneal Donation for Transplantation in Switzerland
Authors: Blaser Frank , Immer Franz , Kruegel Nathalie , Franscini Nicola , Tappeiner Christoph , Rennesson Christophe , Massa Horace , Reinshagen Helga , Früh Beatrice , Kaufmann Claude , Meneau Isabelle , Said Sadiq
Published: April 2024

Purpose To establish a national consensus on contraindications for corneal donation for transplantation in Switzerland.

Methods Swisstransplant (SWT), the Swiss national foundation coordinating tissue and organ donations, convened a working group consisting of six national corneal surgeons and eye bankers and donation experts to create a contraindication list for corneal donation. The group reviewed available national and international guidelines and recommendations, while adhering to Swiss law and transplant regulations. In cases of opposing opinions, the group held follow-up meetings until a consensus was reached. A consensus was defined as agreement among all parties present.

Results From March 2021 to November 2021, the study group held six meetings and created a standardized minimal contraindication list for corneal donation in Switzerland. Thanks to this list, SWT has created a mandatory working and documentation file for donor coordinators to use when evaluating multiorgan donors for corneal harvesting. The authors agreed that while the national consensus list provides standardized minimal contraindication criteria, local eye banks may choose to introduce additional, more rigorous criteria.

Conclusion Given that corneal transplantation is the most commonly performed transplantation, establishing a consensus on contraindications is crucial for recipient safety. The creation of a consensus on contraindications for corneal donation in Switzerland is an essential contribution to fulfil the legal requirements concerning quality assurance and provides sufficient high-quality donor tissue within the country. Therefore, periodic review and revision of the consensus is considered critical.
Silicone Oil Tamponade for Therapy of Primary Retinal Detachment in Patients Who Live at High Altitudes
Authors: Beltraminelli Tim , Hessler Quentin , Stappler Theodor , Potic Jelena , Wolfensberger Thomas J. , Konstantinidis Lazaros
Published: April 2024

Background Uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is mainly treated with vitrectomy and gas tamponade or, alternatively, scleral buckling surgery. However, gas tamponade inflates at high altitudes, causing significant complications. Silicone oil (SO) tamponade volume is unaffected by atmospheric pressure and may be used in patients who live or must undertake travel at high altitudes.

Purpose To determine the anatomical and functional outcomes after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with SO tamponade in primary uncomplicated RRD.

Methods Twenty-eight consecutive cases of patients operated between January 2017 and December 2022 in Jules-Gonin University Eye Hospital in Lausanne were included in this retrospective study. All patients had a follow-up of at least 3 months after SO removal.

Results Primary reattachment was achieved in all 28 eyes. Mean follow-up was 17.2 months (range: 3 – 51 months) after SO removal. Mean age at the time of intervention was 60 years (range: 21 – 80 years). Vision was stabilized or improved in 27 eyes (96%). One patient demonstrated a slight visual acuity decrease due to cataract formation at the last follow-up. In all patients, SO was removed 2 to 5 months after primary repair. In 14 of the 21 phakic patients, concomitant cataract surgery was performed. No surgical complications were encountered. Postoperatively, 5 (18%) patients had ocular hypertension, presumably steroid related, that was successfully controlled with topical treatment.

Conclusion PPV with SO injection seems to be a safe and efficient surgical approach in the treatment of primary uncomplicated RRD in patients living at high altitudes and was associated with good anatomical and functional outcome in our series. However, the need for a follow-up surgery to remove SO should be weighed in these cases.
Vergence-Accommodation Conflict: Increased Presbyopia in Virtual Reality
Authors: Huang Ying-Yin , Menozzi Marino , Lee Chia-Yen
Published: April 2024

Background Performance and symptoms in completing a visual search task on a PC monitor and using a head-mounted display (HMD) were compared for different viewing conditions and between users of different ages.

Patients and Methods Twenty-three young (M = 30 y, SD = 7 y) and 23 older (M = 52 y, SD = 5 y) participants performed a visual search task presented on a PC monitor. The task was repeated using an HMD for a near and a far virtual viewing distance. Reaction times (RT), detection sensitivity (d′), and symptoms were recorded for the three different viewing conditions.

Results RT and d’ were not affected by the viewing condition (p > 0.05). In contrast, symptoms significantly depended on the viewing condition but were, in part, not significantly affected by age. It is interesting to note that although not significant, young participants reported more ocular symptoms than older participants in the near vision task carried out using the HMD.

Discussion HMD increases visual symptoms. However, HMD could be, in part, a remedy to problems when using visual aids for near work, in particular for presbyopes.
Evaluation of Increase in Retinal Thickness as Diagnostic Marker in Central Artery Occlusion
Authors: Wiest Maximilian Robert Justus , Schuknecht Angelika , Hamann Timothy , Fasler Katrin , Said Sadiq , Bajka Anahita , Muth Daniel Rudolf , Barthelmes Daniel , Blaser Frank , Zweifel Sandrine
Published: April 2024

Purpose To evaluate the increase in retinal thickness as a marker in predicting the onset of central retinal artery occlusions.

Methods Retrospective clinical study conducted at one Swiss hospital. Electronic records were filtered for patients with artery occlusions. Optical coherence tomography data, including time between the imaging and ischemic event, were reviewed. Increase in relative retinal thickness was measured, defined as an increase in retinal thickness compared to the unaffected partner eye. This was correlated with the time from symptom onset. A cutoff value of relative increase of < 24.5% was applied, as suggested in previous studies. The results were compared to the time gathered from the electronic records, and sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value as well as negative predictive value were calculated for predicting an ischemia time of < 4.5 h.

Results Forty-two eyes from 41 patients with central artery occlusions were identified. Fourteen were female. Mean age was 66.4 ± 15.8 years. Initial corrected visual acuity was 2.41 ± 0.68 logMAR, and 2.13 ± 0.87 logMAR at the last follow-up (p > 0.05). Of eyes with a visual acuity of counting fingers (n = 38) or worse, 89.5% showed no improvement during follow-up, while eyes with logMAR 1 or better (n = 4) improved. Thirteen eyes (13 patients) presented within 4.5 h of the ischemic event. Four patients received i. v. thrombolysis, with visual recovery in one. In 12 eyes with an ischemia time of < 4.5 h, relative increase was below 24.5%. In the remaining 29 eyes with > 4.5 h, relative increase was below 24.5% in 4 eyes and above 24.5% in 25 eyes. This yielded a sensitivity of 92.3%, a specificity of 86.2%, with a positive predictive value of 75.0% and a negative predictive value of 96.2%.

Conclusion Central retinal artery occlusion is associated with severe vision loss. There is no current established therapy. Parameters that objectify the presence of a therapeutic window for thrombolysis are gaining in importance as patient history is often imprecise. Relative retinal thickness increase proved a noninvasive imaging parameter demonstrating adequate performance in detecting patients within the therapeutic window of thrombolysis. Further investigation of this parameter in central retinal occlusion is warranted.
PRESERFLO MicroShunt in Severe Myopia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: George Jérôme , Abouzeid Hana
Published: April 2024

The PRESERFLO™ MicroShunt (MP; Santen Inc., Osaka, Japan) is a minimally invasive bleb surgery (MIBS) manufactured to treat primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), with lower postoperative adverse effects than with conventional filtering surgeries. We describe here the case study of a 58-year-old woman who presented with bilateral severe myopia with bilateral advanced POAG and unreached target pressure under quadritherapy, who was successfully managed by PM surgery. A review of the literature completes our observation. At presentation, the patient had a spherical equivalent of − 7.50 RE and − 7.75 LE with an IOP of 22 mmHg right and left eye (RLE) under quadritherapy, and with severe bilateral visual field loss, including scotomas within the central 5°. The patient presented with systemic hypertension treated with an antihypertensive drug. Two selective laser trabeculoplasties (SLT), performed 3 months apart, were first tried on the LE, without any change in IOP at 2
months. After considering the high risk of postoperative complications, a PM operation was proposed, with a targeted IOP in the mid-fifteens RLE. The patientʼs eyes underwent PM surgery with mitomycin C (MMC) MMC0.2 mg/mL for 3 minutes without any complications. The LE required 2 consecutive needlings with 1 mL MMC0.2 mg/mL. At 24 months after surgery, the two eyes gave successful results without the need for any additional medical therapy, and with well-functioning conjunctival blebs. The PM was an effective alternative to the gold standard trabeculectomy in our severely myopic patient. A comparative study between conventional filtering operations and this MIBS in highly myopic patients would confirm our observation.
Ophthalmological Outcomes in Patients with Susac Syndrome
Authors: Schuknecht Angelika , Wiest Maximilian Robert Justus , Said Sadiq , Bajka Anahita , Hamann Timothy , Muth Daniel Rudolf , Fasler Katrin , Blaser Frank , Barthelmes Daniel , Zweifel Sandrine
Published: April 2024

Background To report ophthalmological outcomes and treatment regimen in patients with Susac syndrome.

Methods This is a retrospective analysis of patients with Susac syndrome treated between November 2015 and March 2023. Multimodal imaging findings, ophthalmic examination data, information on neurological and sensorineural involvement, and therapeutic regimen were reviewed. Visual acuity was recorded as the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR). Ophthalmological manifestations and disease severity were assessed using the previously described clinical activity score (CAS).

Results Ten patients with Susac syndrome m : f = 5 : 5 were identified. The mean follow-up time was 31.2 ± 23.3 months (range 1 to 78 months). The mean age was 41.4 ± 13.8 years (range 21 to 59 years). At baseline, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) was 0.03 ± 0.08 logMAR. At the last follow-up, CDVA improved to 0.00 ± 0.03 logMAR (p = 0.029). Three of 20 eyes showed an improvement of 5 letters, while no loss of visual acuity was recorded during the follow-up time. Baseline CAS was 10.65 ± 12.69, and CAS at the last follow-up was 5.15 ± 5.49 (p = 0.068). Except for one patient, all were initially treated with intravenous (i. v.) steroids and subsequent oral tapering. Depending on the treatment response, cyclophosphamide (n = 4), i. v. immunoglobulins (IVIGs) (n = 4), anti-CD20 antibodies (n = 3), or plasmapheresis (n = 1) were applied. All patients under treatment for more than 1 month (n = 9) showed improvement in CAS and CDVA.

Conclusion Susac syndrome is a rare autoimmune vascular endotheliopathy. Treatment of Susac syndrome appears to result in improving CAS and CDVA. The majority of patients, in addition to the systemic steroids, required systemic immunosuppressive agents. Interdisciplinary communication is crucial to reduce the time to diagnosis and initiation of therapy in patients with Susac syndrome.
Influence of Post-radiation Ocular Surface Disorder on Ocular Surgery: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Gjukaj Driton , Morina Ilir , Valmaggia Christophe , Ammann Dagmar , Todorova Margarita G.
Published: April 2024

Background Ocular surface disorder after ocular radiation therapy, even though commonly reported, is often overlooked. Any delay in diagnosis may lead to complications that threaten vision. The presented case highlights the clinical outcome of a severe post-radiation disorder of the ocular surface, the importance of intensive therapy, and the limitations of further surgical interventions.

Case presentation A 34-year-old woman was referred for a second opinion due to a years-long history of pain and redness in her right eye (OD) after proton beam therapy for recurrent iris melanoma. The patient then developed post-radiation retinopathy with macula edema, secondary glaucoma, cataract, as well as a severe ocular surface disorder with corneal decompensation and band keratopathy. Several surgical treatments have been attempted, including phacoemulsification with IOL implantation and trabeculectomy with mitomycin C. Due to refractory glaucoma, Baerveldt glaucoma drainage was then necessary. Given the worsening clinical presentation of post-radiation ocular surface disorder with progressing band keratopathy, the possibility of penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) was discussed.

Conclusion The continuous worsening of clinical symptoms of the disorder of the ocular surface after proton beam radiotherapy can be the result of a post-radiation syndrome. Gradual expansion of ischemia, vasculitis, and inflammatory mediators compresses the retinal tissue, leading to recurrent macular edema as well as to secondary glaucoma and corneal decompensation. Band keratopathy is occasionally noted and seems to result from severe post-radiation disorder of the ocular surface. However, PKP would typically be indicated in cases of corneal perforation, uncontrolled infectious keratitis, or for improving vision in the presence of corneal opacification, none of which applied to our patient. Furthermore, post-radiation keratopathy implies compromised corneal stromal lymphogenesis and angiogenesis, both of which are now considered essential conditions for allograft rejection. Moreover, a previously performed Baerveldt glaucoma drainage surgery can affect the survival
rate of the endothelial cells of the recipient cornea. Therefore, a penetrating or endothelial keratoplasty should be viewed as a high-risk procedure. In this instance, the rigorous treatment of the severe ocular surface disorder was crucial. We managed our patientʼs complex situation by following the latest guidelines set by the Tear Film & Ocular Surface Society and aimed to alleviate the symptoms as effectively as possible. In conclusion, careful decision-making regarding surgical treatment options should be considered, taking into account the complexities and potential risks involved.
Influence of Pre- and Intraoperative Local Anaesthetic in Strabismus Surgery under General Anaesthesia in Adults
Authors: Felber Daniel , Roulez Francoise , Palmowski-Wolfe Anja
Published: April 2024

Background As studies have shown a reduction in the occurrence of the oculocardiac reflex with the addition of local anaesthesia, we changed our care regime accordingly a few years ago. To promote and establish better patient care, we retrospectively analysed the files of our patients who underwent strabismus surgery from 2013 to 2021 in order to compare strabismus surgery under general anaesthesia with and without local anaesthetics in a routine clinical setting.

Patients and Methods Data from 238 adult patients who had undergone strabismus surgery could be extracted from the files: G1: n = 102, only general anaesthesia; G2: n = 136, preoperative application of tetracaine eye drops and intraoperative subtenon lidocaine/levobupivacaine in addition to general anaesthesia. We compared the two groups in regard to the frequency of oculocardiac reflex, the amount of atropine needed to treat, as well as the amount of antiemetic and analgesic medication given, and time spent in the recovery room.

Results Mean age of G1 was 50 years and 52 years in G2. There was no significant difference between the kind of surgeries (recessions/resections), the number of patients who had undergone a reoperation, or the duration of the operations. Adding local anaesthetics resulted in significantly less occurrence of oculocardiac reflex (p = 0.009), a reduction in the need for atropine, analgesic, or antiemetic medication, as well as reduced time in the recovery room.

Conclusion As this increases patient safety and comfort and is cost-effective (less time in the recovery room), we recommend adding perioperative local anaesthesia to strabismus surgery performed under general anaesthesia.
„Pressure kills kidneys“: Schutz des oberen Harntrakts durch neuro-urologisches Management
Authors: Queißert Fabian , Schrader Andres Jan
Published: April 2024

Bei der Low Compliance handelt es sich um keine eigene Krankheitsentität, sondern ein schweres Erscheinungsbild als Folge unterschiedlicher Störungen der Speicher- und Ausscheidungsfunktion der Harnblase. Die verminderte Dehnbarkeit des Detrusors kann zu einer Druckbelastung des oberen Harntrakts führen, aber auch drangdominante LUTS und Harnwegsinfektionen können resultieren. Neurogene Ursachen, v.a. die Querschnittslähmung/Spina bifida aber auch iatrogene Schäden oder eine subvesikale Obstruktion können u.a. zur Entstehung beitragen. Der Beitrag soll über die Verbreitung und komplexen pathogenetischen Mechanismen, aber auch notwendige diagnostische Schritte informieren. Unterschiedliche medikamentöse, interventionelle und operative Behandlungsstrategien werden anhand aktueller wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse bewertet und der Leser so in der Betreuung dieses komplexen Patientenklientels unterstützt.
The Top Ranked 101 Articles in Pediatric Surgical Journals from an Altmetric Perspective
Authors: Shu Boshen , Riedel Jan , Lacher Martin , Mayer Steffi
Published: April 2024

Introduction In the era of scientific digitalization, online media platforms gain increasing popularity to accomplish research output awareness. The Altmetric Attention Score AAS weights these online mentions based on a privy algorithm. We aimed to characterize the top 100 articles with the highest (AAS) published in pediatric surgery journals.

Materials and Methods Publications from six core pediatric surgery journals were retrieved from www.altmetric.com in January 2023 and ranked by their AAS. The top 101 publications were analyzed for their bibliometric measures, study design, and quality as well as online media mentions.

Results The top 101 AAS articles were published between 1974 and 2022, preferentially from the United States (64%) and mainly in Journal of Pediatric Surgery (73%), followed by Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports, Pediatric Surgery International, Seminars in Pediatric Surgery, and European Journal of Pediatric Surgery. Their AAS ranged between 21 and 389 (median: 33), with Twitter/X being mostly responsible for online mentions (n = 2,189; 75%). The number of citations in peer-reviewed journals ranged between 0 and 358 (median: 16) and did not correlate to AAS. Retrospective study design (33%) with low evidence level IV (43%) dominated.

Conclusion The Journal of Pediatric Surgery is the main source of high-profile AAS publications in pediatric surgery. The altmetric popularity of articles is predominantly achieved by their propagation via X, irrespective of the study quality and recognition in the scientific community. Thus, active “twitterism” may play the key role to reach high AAS scores.
Bismuth Triflate Catalyzed Intermolecular Cyclization of Thiophenols with Allylic Alcohols
Authors: Minakawa Maki , Inaba Taichi , Oikawa Shoki
Published: April 2024

The catalytic intermolecular cyclization of thiophenols with allylic alcohols in the presence of bismuth triflate afforded the corresponding thiochromane derivatives in a one-pot reaction. The Bi(OTf)3-catalyzed reaction was also applied to the intermolecular cyclization of diaryl disulfides with 3-methylbut-2-en-1-ol to produce the corresponding thiochromanes.
Organophotocatalytic or Electrophotocatalytic Reduction and Functionalization Reactions with a Thioxanthone-TfOH Complex Catalyst
Authors: Zhang Yanbin , Guo Hao , Kang Wen-Jie
Published: April 2024

Thioxanthone has long been a prominent catalyst in the field of photocatalysis, owing to its high triplet energy and long triplet lifetime that render it suitable for energy transfer reactions. However, its low oxidation potential and short singlet lifetime have posed challenges when employing it for electron-transfer reactions. This account summarizes our efforts in developing a potent and long-lived thioxanthone-TfOH complex (9-HTXTF) catalyst, and its application in energy-demanding redox transformations such as organophotocatalytic or electrophotocatalytic reduction and functionalization reactions.

1 Introduction

2 Discovery and Properties of the Catalyst 9-HTXTF

3 Organophotocatalysis

4 Electrophotocatalysis

5 Conclusion
Novas técnicas de enxertia para reconstrucão do LCA: Artigo de atualização
Authors: Lara Paulo Henrique Schmidt , Novaretti João Victor , Nunes Gilvan Rodrigues da Silva , Cohen Moises , Ramos Leonardo Addêo
Published: April 2024

A reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) é um procedimento comum para lesões desse ligamento, especialmente em atletas. Existem diferentes tipos de enxertos utilizados, e a escolha depende de vários fatores. Os enxertos autólogos, do próprio paciente, são a opção mais comum, com rápida incorporação e menor taxa de falha. Enxertos aloenxertos, de doadores, têm seu papel em casos específicos. Os enxertos sintéticos, usados na década de 80, têm vantagens como ausência de morbidade no local doador, mas estudos mostraram complicações a longo prazo. Os enxertos híbridos, combinando enxertos autólogos e aloenxertos, têm ganhado interesse, permitindo um diâmetro maior e reduzindo a morbidade. O enxerto autólogo do tendão do músculo fibular longo tem recebido atenção, com resultados positivos, boa função do joelho e menor hipotrofia da coxa no local doador. O enxerto autólogo do tendão quadricipital tem ganhado popularidade, com resultados comparáveis aos enxertos de tendão patelar e de flexores, menor morbidade no local doador e menor taxa de re-ruptura. A escolha do enxerto evoluiu, com os enxertos autólogos de flexores sendo preferidos para pacientes menos ativos e o enxerto patelar com fragmento ósseo para atletas de alta performance. Enxertos aloenxertos, sintéticos e híbridos têm seu papel em circunstâncias específicas. A escolha deve ser baseada em evidências científicas, considerando vantagens e desvantagens. A reconstrução do LCA é um procedimento complexo que requer considerações individuais para selecionar o enxerto mais adequado.
A systematic review and meta-analysis on abnormal posturing among brain injury patients
Authors: Wei Yuyu , Cui Yan , Pang Xiaojun , Wang Weijie
Published: April 2024

Background Abnormal motor posturing (AMP), exhibiting as decorticate, decerebrate, or opisthotonos, is regularly noticed among children and adults.

Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the risk factors and outcome of posturing among severe head and brain injury subjects.

Methods Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and using MeSH terms: “decerebrate posturing”, “opisthotonic posturing”, “brain injury”, and/or “cerebral injury” articles were searched on Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, and google scholar databases. Observational studies, case series, and case reports were included.

Results A total of 1953 studies were retrieved initially, and based on the selection criteria, 20 studies were finally selected for review and were analyzed for meta-analysis based on the mortality between the hematomas. The functional outcomes of this study are the risk factors, mortality rate and Glasgow Outcome Scale. Decerebrative patients were higher among the studies related to head injury surgeries. Males were mainly treated for decerebrate postures compared with the female subjects. Extradural hematoma and acute subdural hematoma with cerebral contusion were quite common in the surgical mass lesions.

Conclusion The findings reported that the lesion types, the operative procedures, and the age of the decerebrating patients with brain injuries are the significant prognostic factors determining the survival outcomes.
The Association between Sickle Cell Disease and Postpartum Severe Maternal Morbidity
Authors: Poliektov Natalie E. , Vuncannon Danielle M. , Ha Thoa K. , Lindsay Michael K. , Chandrasekaran Suchitra
Published: April 2024

Objective To compare the risk of severe maternal morbidity (SMM) from the delivery admission to 42 days' postdischarge among persons with sickle cell disease (SCD) to those without SCD.

Study Design This retrospective cohort study included deliveries ≥20 weeks' gestation at an urban safety net hospital in Atlanta, GA from 2011 to 2019. The exposure was SCD diagnosis. The outcome was a composite of SMM from the delivery admission to 42 days' postdischarge. SMM indicators as defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth and Tenth Revisions (ICD-9/10) codes; transfusion of blood products and sickle cell crisis were excluded.

Results Of N = 17,354 delivery admissions, n = 92 (0.53%) had SCD. Persons with SCD versus without SCD had an increased risk of composite SMM (15.22 vs. 2.29%, p < 0.001), acute renal failure (6.52 vs. 0.71%, p < 0.001), acute respiratory distress syndrome (4.35 vs. 0.17%, p < 0.001), puerperal cerebrovascular disorders (3.26 vs. 0.10%, p < 0.001), sepsis (4.35 vs. 0.42%, p < 0.01), air and thrombotic embolism (5.43 vs. 0.10%, p < 0.001), and ventilation (2.17 vs. 0.09%, p < 0.01). Ultimately, those with SCD had an approximately 6-fold higher incidence risk ratio of SMM, which remained after adjustment for confounders (adjusted incidence risk ratio [aIRR]: 5.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.4–9.19, p < 0.001). Persons with SCD in active vaso-occlusive crisis at the delivery admission had an approximately 9-fold higher risk of SMM up to 42 days' postdischarge compared with those with SCD not in crisis at the delivery admission (incidence: 25.71 vs. 8.77%, p < 0.05; aIRR: 8.92, 95% CI: 4.5–10.04, p < 0.05). Among those with SCD, SMM at the delivery admission was primarily related to renal and cerebrovascular events, whereas most postpartum SMM was related to respiratory events or sepsis.

Conclusion SCD is significantly associated with an increased risk of SMM during the delivery admission and through 42 days' postdischarge. Active crisis at delivery further increases the risk of SMM.

Key Points
Fight or flight? Intended behavior in a school shooting among students who support or oppose concealed campus carry
Authors: Dum Christopher P. , Myers Quintin , Weng Kevin
Published: April 2024

Colleges across the country have considered or permitted policies that allow students to carry weapons on campus. While scholarship has examined opinions about these laws, we know little about how students intend to carry on campus. For instance, would students proactively intervene or is carrying a last resort? This study uses in-depth interviews with students who support or oppose concealed campus carry to explore how they would approach an active shooter situation. Results show that both groups prioritize escape versus seeking confrontation, and while some students have unrealistic expectations about intervening in an active shooter situation, many students who wish to carry have serious misgivings about their abilities to neutralize a shooter. We conclude by discussing the policy implications for campus security.
An electrochemiluminescent magneto-immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of hs-cTnI on a microfluidic chip
Authors: Hui Yun , Zhao Zhen , Shu Weiliang , Shen Fengshan , Kong Weijun , Geng Shengyong , Xu Zhen , Wu Tianzhun , Zhou Wenhua , Yu Xuefeng
Published: April 2024

Sensitive detection and precise quantitation of trace-level crucial biomarkers in a complex sample matrix has become an important area of research. For example, the detection of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) is strongly recommended in clinical guidelines for early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Based on the use of an electrode modified by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and a Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticle (Ru@SiO2)/tripropylamine (TPA) system, a novel type of electrochemiluminescent (ECL) magneto-immunosensor is developed for ultrasensitive detection of hs-cTnI. In this approach, a large amount of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ is loaded in SiO2 (silica nanoparticles) as luminophores with high luminescent efficiency and SWCNTs as electrode surface modification material with excellent electrooxidation ability for TPA. Subsequently, a hierarchical micropillar array of microstructures is fabricated with a magnet placed at each end to efficiently confine a single layer of immunomagnetic microbeads on the surface of the electrode and enable 7.5-fold signal enhancement. In particular, the use of transparent SWCNTs to modify a transparent ITO electrode provides a two-order-of-magnitude ECL signal amplification. A good linear calibration curve is developed for hs-cTnI concentrations over a wide range from 10 fg/ml to 10 ng/ml, with the limit of detection calculated as 8.720 fg/ml (S/N = 3). This ultrasensitive immunosensor exhibits superior detection performance with remarkable stability, reproducibility, and selectivity. Satisfactory recoveries are obtained in the detection of hs-cTnI in human serum, providing a potential analysis protocol for clinical applications.