bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The self-aware manager
Authors: Ellis Peter , Abbott Jane
Published: May 2023

Peter Ellis and Jane Abbott discuss the tools available to kidney care leaders to help them develop selfawareness. This will concentrate on the Johari window, as well as considering some complementary strategies by which self-awareness might be developed
Sweet Sorghum And Sweet Pearl Millet Carbohydrate Extraction and Preservation for Bioethanol Production and Bagasse Valorization: A Review
Authors: Saïed Noura , Khelifi Mohamed , Bertrand Annick , Aider Mohammed
Published: May 2023

Highlights

Sweet sorghum and sweet pearl millet are interesting feedstocks for ethanol production.

Biomass and juice storage are key steps for carbohydrate preservation.

Produced bagasse can be valorized in many ways, including as silage or for cellulosic ethanol production.

Abstract. Sweet sorghum and sweet pearl millet have been considered as potential energy crops. They have many advantages in terms of ethanol production compared to corn and sugarcane, such as lower requirements for water and fertilizers, higher tolerance to drought, and lower competition with the food sector. Sweet sorghum and sweet pearl millet stems are rich in water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) (sucrose, fructose, and glucose), and their biomass has to be crushed for juice extraction. However, the extraction efficiency of WSC varied widely depending on the press type used and the parameters considered during the pressing process (stripping stems from leaves or not, compressive force magnitude, smooth or grooved press rollers, number of times of biomass pressing, etc.). WSCs are easily degradable, causing technical challenges related to crop handling before pressing and juice storage thereafter. Some studies focused on stem preserving methods, whereas others dealt with extending the shelf life of the juice. To make the use of sweet sorghum and sweet pearl millet as energy crops more profitable, the bagasse (residue) generated from biomass pressing can be valorized in different ways, mainly as silage or for second generation ethanol production. The objective of this review was to assess the efficiency of different presses used for juice extraction and discuss various methods tested for WSC conservation from deterioration as well as possible bagasse valorization. Keywords: Bagasse, Carbohydrates, Ethanol, Press, Sweet pearl millet, Sweet sorghum.
PRÁTICAS ANTIRRACISTAS NAS AULAS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA: UM BREVE PANORAMA
Authors: Reis Cavalcante Santos Jessica , Araujo Santos Railane , Alves Nogueira Souza Suzana , Guedes de Mattos Ivy
Published: May 2023

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar de que forma a educação antirracista está presente nas aulas de Educação Física para representar positivamente o aluno negro na sala de aula. Para isso, realizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica com levantamento de obras a partir de 2020, sendo selecionados cinco artigos publicados. Os resultados obtidos apontam que a elaboração de projetos multidisciplinares e interdisciplinares com a inclusão de conteúdos antirracistas no ambiente escolar proporcionam a valorização da cultura afro-brasileira e africana pelos alunos, cumprindo a Lei 10.639/03, que estabelece aobrigatoriedade do ensino da história e cultura afro-brasileira e africana nas escolas.
Life history optimisation drives latitudinal gradients and responses to global change in marine fishes
Authors: Álvarez-Noriega Mariana , White Craig R. , Kozłowski Jan , Day Troy , Marshall Dustin J.
Published: May 2023

Within many species, and particularly fish, fecundity does not scale with mass linearly; instead, it scales disproportionately. Disproportionate intraspecific size–reproduction relationships contradict most theories of biological growth and present challenges for the management of biological systems. Yet the drivers of reproductive scaling remain obscure and systematic predictors of how and why reproduction scaling varies are lacking. Here, we parameterise life history optimisation model to predict global patterns in the life histories of marine fishes. Our model predict latitudinal trends in life histories: Polar fish should reproduce at a later age and show steeper reproductive scaling than tropical fish. We tested and confirmed these predictions using a new, global dataset of marine fish life histories, demonstrating that the risks of mortality shape maturation and reproductive scaling. Our model also predicts that global warming will profoundly reshape fish life histories, favouring earlier reproduction, smaller body sizes, and lower mass-specific reproductive outputs, with worrying consequences for population persistence.
Providing a model for the development of sports tours in the tourism industry
Authors: Gharibzadeh Mahdi , Safania Ali Mohammad , Naghshbandi Seyed Salahedin , Farahani Abolfazl
Published: May 2023

Sports tours are a key category of tourism with special interest whose evolution and development are influenced by a variety of limiters and facilitators. Research literature recommends exploring these factors. Therefore, our goal was to present a grounded theory about the development of sports tours in Iran’s tourism industry. For this purpose, we considered Glaser’s approach and conducted 15 interviews with experts in the field of tourism and sports tours who worked under the supervision of the Ministry of Tourism and Cultural Heritage of Iran. The data were analyzed using the Glaser’s approach principles. The developed theory from this study showed that the development of sports tours is an structure that stops moving under the influence of inhibitors such as financial, political, security, structural, and organizational issues, and travels the path of perfection and progress through facilitators such as natural attractions, the role of the media, the role of tour guides, the quality of services, information technology, support, culture, and training, and the human force. Based on this result, it can be said that the development and evolution of sports tours in Iran are influenced by various determinants, and it is important to remove the limiting factors and strengthen the factors that play a facilitating role in the development of sports tours.
Depression and associated factors in medical students in Acapulco during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Juanico-Morales Leticia , Nava-Aguilera Elizabeth , Morales-Pérez Arcadio , Morales-Nava Liliana , Valdez-Bencomo María Atocha , Emigdio-Vargas Abel , Serrano-de los Santos Felipe René , Andersson Neil
Published: May 2023

Background

Depression is common in medical students and the Mexican state of Guerrero has the highest rates of depression in the country. Acapulco, the seat of the state medical school, is a tourist destination that experienced early high rates of COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic closed all schools in Mexico, obliging a shift from face-to-face to virtual education. In this new context, medical students faced challenges of online teaching including inadequate connectivity and access technologies. Prolonged isolation during the pandemic may have had additional mental health implications.

Aim

Assess depression prevalence and its associated factors affecting medical students in Acapulco, Mexico during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey of students of the Faculty of Medicine of the Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, in November 2020. After informed consent, students completed a self-administered questionnaire collating socio-demographic, academic and clinical variables, major life events and changes in mood. The Beck inventory provided an assessment of depression. Bivariate and multivariate analyses relied on the Mantel-Haenszel procedure to identify factors associated with depression. We estimated the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals.

Results

33.8% (435/1288) of student questionnaires showed evidence of depression in the two weeks prior to the study, with 39.9% (326/817) of young women affected. Factors associated with depression included female sex (OR 1.95; 95%CI 1.48–2.60), age 18–20 years (OR 1.36; 95%CI 1.05–1.77), perceived academic performance (OR 2.97; 95%CI 2.16–4.08), perceived economic hardship (OR 2.18; 95%CI 1.57–3.02), and a family history of depression (OR 1.85; 95%CI 10.35–2.54). Covid-19 specific factors included a life event during the pandemic (OR 1.99; 95%CI 1.54–2.59), connectivity problems during virtual classes and difficulties accessing teaching materials (OR 1.75; 95%CI 1.33–2.30).

Conclusions

The high risk of depression in medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with perceived academic performance and technical barriers to distance learning, in addition to known individual and family factors. This evidence may be useful for the improvement of programs on prevention and control of depression in university students.
Hierarchical association of COPD to principal genetic components of biological systems
Authors: Carlin Daniel E. , Larsen Simon J. , Sirupurapu Vikram , Cho Michael H. , Silverman Edwin K. , Baumbach Jan , Ideker Trey
Published: May 2023

Many disease-causing genetic variants converge on common biological functions and pathways. Precisely how to incorporate pathway knowledge in genetic association studies is not yet clear, however. Previous approaches employ a two-step approach, in which a regular association test is first performed to identify variants associated with the disease phenotype, followed by a test for functional enrichment within the genes implicated by those variants. Here we introduce a concise one-step approach, Hierarchical Genetic Analysis (Higana), which directly computes phenotype associations against each function in the large hierarchy of biological functions documented by the Gene Ontology. Using this approach, we identify risk genes and functions for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), highlighting microtubule transport, muscle adaptation, and nicotine receptor signaling pathways. Microtubule transport has not been previously linked to COPD, as it integrates genetic variants spread over numerous genes. All associations validate strongly in a second COPD cohort.
Prevalence of osteoporosis in spinal surgery patients older than 50 years: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fan Zhi-qiang , Yan Xin-an , Li Bao-feng , Shen Erdong , Xu Xin , Wang Hu , Zhuang Yan
Published: May 2023

Introduction

In spine surgery, poor bone condition is associated with several complications like adjacent segment fractures, proximal junctional kyphosis, and screw loosening. Our study explored the prevalence of osteoporosis in spinal surgery patients older than 50 years through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods

This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the PRISMA criteria. Three electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science, were searched from inception to August 2022. We used the random-effects model to calculate the overall estimates, and the heterogeneity was measured using Cochran’s Q and I2 tests. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were used to determine the source of the heterogeneity.

Results

Based on the inclusion and criteria, we chose ten studies with 2958 individuals for our analysis. The prevalence of osteoporosis, osteopenia, and osteoporosis/osteopenia in the spinal surgery patients was 34.2% (95%CI: 24.5%–44.6%), 43.5% (95%CI: 39.8%–47.2%), and 78.7% (95%CI: 69.0%–87.0%), respectively. Regarding different diagnoses, the prevalence was highest in patients with lumbar scoliosis (55.8%; 95%CI: 46.8%-64.7%) and the lowest in patients with cervical disc herniation (12.9%; 95%CI: 8.1%-18.7%). In age groups 50–59, 50–69,70–79, the prevalence was 27.8%, 60.4%, 75.4% in females, and 18.9%, 17.4%, 26.1% in males.

Conclusions

This study showed a high prevalence of osteoporosis in patients undergoing spine surgery, especially in females, people of older age, and patients who received degenerative scoliosis and compression fractures. Current osteoporosis screening standards for patients undergoing spine surgery may not be adequate. Orthopedic specialists should make more efforts regarding preoperative osteoporosis screening and treatment.
Developing engaged and ‘teamful’ leaders: A randomized controlled trial of the 5R identity leadership program
Authors: Haslam S. Alexander , Reutas Jordan , Bentley Sarah V. , McMillan Blake , Lindfield Madison , Luong Mischel , Peters Kim , Steffens Niklas K.
Published: May 2023

The social identity approach to leadership argues that leaders’ capacity to influence and inspire others is grounded in a shared sense of social identity (or ‘us-ness’) that those leaders create, advance, represent, and embed for the groups they lead. The approach therefore argues that a key task for leaders is to develop insights and skills of (social) identity leadership that allow them to motivate and mobilize groups and transform them into a potent social and organizational force. In contrast to other approaches and programs which focus on leaders’ leader identity (their ‘I-ness’), the 5R leadership development program supports the development of leaders’ social identity by raising awareness of the importance of social identity (‘we-ness’) for leadership and taking leaders through structured activities that help them build engaged and inclusive teams. The present research assessed the benefits of facilitated and learner self-directed versions of the 5R program (Ns = 27, 22 respectively) relative to a no-treatment control (N = 27). Results (including those of an intention-to-treat analysis; N = 76) indicated that, relative to leaders in the control condition, those who participated in both forms of 5R reported large increases in identity leadership knowledge, as well as medium-sized increases in both team engagement (a compound factor comprised of team identification, team OCB, team efficacy, and work engagement) and ‘teamfulness’ (comprised of team reflexivity, team psychological safety, team goal clarity, and inclusive team climate). We reflect on the importance of teamfulness for leadership and team functioning and on the value of programs that help leaders develop this.
Del Gran Líder al Querido Líder: El ascenso de Kim Jong Il a heredero oficial del régimen comunista de Corea del Norte (1974-1980)
Authors: Gomà Daniel
Published: May 2023

Designado en secreto sucesor de su padre Kim Il Sung en 1974, Kim Jong Il tuvo que construir su propia base de poder a lo largo de los siguientes seis años con el fin de asegurarse el control del régimen comunista norcoreano. Partiendo de las fuentes disponibles en la actualidad, reconstruiremos este periodo que estuvo marcado por profundos cambios ideológicos, la cuestión del cambio generacional y la fallida resistencia dentro de las instituciones del régimen a la sucesión hereditaria del poder político. No en vano, el objetivo del régimen entre 1974 y 1980 fue consolidar la figura de Kim Jong Il como futuro dirigente y la aceptación de la sucesión padre-hijo tanto en el seno de la escena política como de la sociedad norcoreanos, pero también por parte de los aliados del bloque comunista. No fue, desde luego, una tarea sencilla pues este proceso se tuvo que enfrentar a una oposición dentro del régimen, a los errores del propio Kim Jong Il y a las reticencias de China y la URSS. Sin embargo, todos los inconvenientes lograron ser superados y el resultado final sería el ascenso definitivo del hijo de Kim Il Sung al puesto de heredero y futuro dirigente de Corea del Norte.
Building capacity on One Health in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic: Connecting disciplines in the Philippines
Authors: Ampo Sofia Anne Marie , Cena-Navarro Rohani , Lota Maria Margarita , Mistica Myra , Paller Vachel Gay , Guzman Lorenzo Maria de , Lumangaya Carlo , Belizario, Jr Vicente Y.
Published: May 2023

Background and Aim: There have been limited capacity-building activities on One Health in the Philippines. To contribute to capacity development in One Health, the authors conducted the first short course on One Health in the country for health, allied health, and collaborating professionals. This study aimed to review the preparation and implementation of the One Health course and describe the challenges and opportunities of conducting the course during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Materials and Methods: The course curriculum was developed by a multidisciplinary group of experts. The objectives for the course were as follows: (1) Describe the concept, scope, and applications of One Health; (2) identify social and economic factors influencing food security and safety, control of zoonoses, and combating antimicrobial resistance; and (3) describe the challenges and opportunities in applying the One Health approach to achieve better public health outcomes. Recruitment of participants was based on predetermined criteria. The 3-day course was conducted online through Zoom. Pre- and post-tests as well as the evaluation of the course were administered through Google forms.

Results: The 3-day online course was attended by 136 participants from 15 of the 17 administrative regions of the country. A multidisciplinary group of experts delivered a total of 11 lectures divided into the following sessions: (1) Fundamentals of One Health; (2) Interrelatedness of Human, Animal, and Environmental Health; and (3) Applications of One Health.

Conclusion: As the first One Health course in the Philippines, this 3-day course demonstrated the feasibility of conducting capacity-building on One Health for a multidisciplinary group of participants during the coronavirus disease-19 pandemic. It may serve as a model for similar and more in-depth courses on One Health for specific groups in the future and has set the stage for intersectoral communication and education, providing an avenue for collaboration for professionals in various disciplines, and facilitating the expansion of One Health network in the Philippines.

Keywords: capacity-building, intersectoral collaboration, multidisciplinary approach, One Health, Philippines.
Sourcing-Prozesse und die Schneckenstreichler_innen von Idaho City. Ein didaktisches Setting zum Training von Kompetenzen im Umgang mit Fake News
Authors: Schicker Stephan , Ehrenmüller Jürgen
Published: May 2023

This article first presents the theoretical and empirical foundations of “Station 2” of a didactic setting in which learners deal with sourcing operations and apply them to a text corpus on a topic created for this didactic setting. The core of the text corpus is a reportage about former miners who now earn their money as “snail strokers” in order to help a landscape devastated by coal mining to grow new vegetation with the snail slime obtained in this way. Through sourcing operations (i.e. through metadata-based evaluation of the texts), learners can identify intentions and perspectives in these texts and assess the credibility of the information. The paper further presents results of data analysis, which are used in the sense of design-based research for further optimization of the setting and modification of the theoretical considerations about it.
„Ételîh fúncho dero uuârhéite. lóskêt târínne. dér fóne dero ánablâsentûn lêro erchícchet uuírt“. Zur Diachronie in Lehrplänen der Prager deutschen und tschechischen Germanistik nach der Teilung der Prager Universität 1882
Authors: Vodrážková Lenka
Published: May 2023

After 1882, the development of the University of Prague and its division reflected the situation of Czech and German society in the Czech Lands. While German Studies at the German university of Prague since 1882, when the University of Prague was divided into two autonomous – German and Czech – institutions, continued its pedagogical and scientific activities, it was necessary to establish German studies at the Czech university of Prague. Despite the progressive specialization of German Studies in German language and literature and the following internal differentiation of German Studies into older and newer German language and literature at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, great attention was traditionally paid to the older German language and literature in the curriculum of German Studies. The teaching here focused mainly on the analysis and interpretation of Gothic, Old and Middle High German texts from a linguistic and literary point of view. After 1900, the content of diachronic courses changed for German Germanists in favor of prehistory, dialectology and onomastics, and for Czech Germanists it was directed towards German-Czech language contacts, especially in the lexicon. These changes in the teaching profile and scholarly area were related not only to the development of German Studies, but also to social changes, especially in the 1930s and 1940s.
Inhibition of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling upregulates Nav1.5 channels in Brugada syndrome iPSC‐derived cardiomyocytes
Authors: Lu Aizhu , Gu Ruonan , Chu Cencen , Xia Ying , Wang Jerry , Davis Darryl R. , Liang Wenbin
Published: May 2023

The voltage‐gated Nav1.5 channels mediate the fast Na+ current (INa) in cardiomyocytes initiating action potentials and cardiac contraction. Downregulation of INa, as occurs in Brugada syndrome (BrS), causes ventricular arrhythmias. The present study investigated whether the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling regulates Nav1.5 in human‐induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC‐CMs). In healthy male and female iPSC‐CMs, activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling by CHIR‐99021 reduced (p < 0.01) both Nav1.5 protein and SCN5A mRNA. In iPSC‐CMs from a BrS patient, both Nav1.5 protein and peak INa were reduced compared to those in healthy iPSC‐CMs. Treatment of BrS iPSC‐CMs with Wnt‐C59, a small‐molecule Wnt inhibitor, led to a 2.1‐fold increase in Nav1.5 protein (p = 0.0005) but surprisingly did not affect SCN5A mRNA (p = 0.146). Similarly, inhibition of Wnt signaling using shRNA‐mediated β‐catenin knockdown in BrS iPSC‐CMs led to a 4.0‐fold increase in Nav1.5, which was associated with a 4.9‐fold increase in peak INa but only a 2.1‐fold increase in SCN5A mRNA. The upregulation of Nav1.5 by β‐catenin knockdown was verified in iPSC‐CMs from a second BrS patient. This study demonstrated that Wnt/β‐catenin signaling inhibits Nav1.5 expression in both male and female human iPSC‐CMs, and inhibition of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling upregulates Nav1.5 in BrS iPSC‐CMs through both transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms.
The Poincaré map of degenerate monodromic singularities with Puiseux inverse integrating factor
Authors: García Isaac A. , Giné Jaume
Published: May 2023

We consider analytic families of planar vector fields depending analytically on the parameters in

Λ

\Lambda

that guarantee the existence of a (may be degenerate and with characteristic directions) monodromic singularity. We characterize the structure of the asymptotic Dulac series of the Poincaré map associated to the singularity when the family possesses a Puiseux inverse integrating factor in terms of its multiplicity and index. This characterization is only valid in a restricted monodromic parameter space

Λ
\

Λ

∗

\Lambda \backslash {\Lambda }^{\ast }

associated to the nonexistence of local curves with zero angular speed. As a byproduct, we are able to study the center-focus problem (under the assumption of the existence of some Cauchy principal values) in very degenerated cases where no other tools are available. We illustrate the theory with several nontrivial examples.
“Part of me is teaching English”: probing the language-related teaching practices of an English-medium instruction (EMI) teacher
Authors: Liu Shuwen , Yuan Rui (Eric)
Published: May 2023

English-medium Instruction (EMI), that is, the use of the English language to teach academic subjects apart from English, is a growing phenomenon around the world. In view of the facilitative role of language in content learning, scholars have stressed the need to incorporate a language focus into EMI classrooms. One practical question that arises from this discussion is “How?” This study, through a telling case, intends to reveal the classroom practices of an EMI teacher who explicitly addresses different language issues during her content teaching in a psychology course in a Macau university. Drawing on multiple sources of data including field observations and interviews, the authors unearth three forms of the teacher’s language-related teaching practices – (1) teaching language for content comprehension, (2) teaching language for classroom engagement, and (3) teaching language through feedback. Specific teaching techniques are further identified and discussed in relation to various personal and contextual factors surrounding the EMI classroom. Practical insights are offered to individual EMI teachers in embracing a language focus to facilitate content learning in EMI programs across geographical contexts.
Digital forensics analysis based on cybercrime and the study of the rule of law in space governance
Authors: Chen Cheng , Dong Bin
Published: May 2023

With the rapid development of social informatization, the Internet has become an important channel for global information dissemination. The wireless network space and the real space are intertwined and have a significant impact on the political, economic, and cultural aspects of international society. For example, it can effectively solve the problem of information exchange between cities, regions, and countries. Wireless network crime and wireless network space security issues involve the development of information technology in various countries and, more importantly, involve all aspects of national security. In the age of science and technology, the current situation of cybercrime can be expressed by data as follows: the online crime rate is high. According to relevant statistics, nearly 5 million Internet users are involved in various cases every year due to the use of the Internet. This article starts with the digital forensics of wireless network crime and wireless network security management systems and discusses the composition, characteristics, existing problems, and future development directions of the current wireless network security management system. By comparing the wireless network security laws of China and the United States, using the latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA)-Gibbs model and the k-means algorithm to analyze the data, this article provides guidance for future research on wireless network space governance. The combination of digital forensics analysis based on cybercrime and space governance can improve the level of public security work. At present, the world has made some progress in cyberspace, but it still faces severe challenges. In the face of new situations and new measures, it is necessary to strengthen legislation, improve relevant systems, and strengthen supervision capacity. At the same time, it is necessary to establish perfect technical means and safeguards to ensure that this goal can be achieved.
Power quality enhancement using a novel SAPF control scheme employing high selectivity filter
Authors: Patnaik Sushree Sangita , Panda Anup Kumar
Published: May 2023

Severe issues such as degradation of power quality and efficiency have surfaced in past few years due to extensive use of power electronic converters for conversion and control in power system. The shunt active power filter (SAPF) has gained attention as a competent solution among researchers. However, most SAPF control schemes render ineffective results under non-ideal supply conditions. A novel single-phasep–qscheme based on high selectivity filter (HSF) for extraction of reference compensation currents is proposed in this paper. A three H-bridges (3HB) voltage source inverter (VSI) topology of SAPF is considered and its dc-link voltage is regulated using an Enhanced Bacterial foraging optimization (BFO) based PI controller. This topology along with the proposed SAPF control scheme can guarantee improved APF performance as each phase of the three-phase four-wire system can be controlled independently. Extensive investigations are carried out using MATLAB/Simulink simulations followed by real-time performance verification in Opal-RT Lab. The effectiveness is assessed in terms of current harmonics, excessive neutral current and current unbalance compensation. The results obtained with proposed scheme when compared with conventional three-phase and single-phasep–qschemes employing low-pass filters (LPF) yield remarkably superior results under ideal, distorted and unbalanced supply and unbalanced loading conditions.
Vulcanization kinetics and mechanical properties of filled ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer rubber composites
Authors: Xiao Changfa , Yang Qingshan , Shao Kefu , Li Yongjiang , Wan Songhan , He Xianru
Published: May 2023

The vulcanization reaction of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVM) rubber is fast, resulting in poor processing safety. EVM is often filled with flame-retardant fillers as insulating or sheathing material for wires and cables. Herein, the effects of flame-retardant magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2), aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) and of the traditional reinforcing fillers carbon black (CB) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) on the vulcanization kinetics of EVM were investigated. The vulcanization characteristics showed that the scorch time (T
10) of the unfilled EVM (KB), SiO2/EVM, Mg(OH)2/EVM, and Al(OH)3/EVM composites was about 1.75 min. T
10 of the CB/EVM composite was 2.22 min. Compared with KB, the activation energy (E

a
) increased by about 15 kJ/mol for CB/EVM composites and by about 5 kJ/mol for SiO2/EVM, Mg(OH)2/EVM and Al(OH)3/EVM composites. The results indicate that CB delays the vulcanization time of EVM rubber, slows down the rate of vulcanization reaction and improves the safety of vulcanization. The addition of SiO2, Mg(OH)2 and Al(OH)3 has little effect on the vulcanization reaction. The mechanical properties show that CB/EVM is more uniformly vulcanized and has the best mechanical properties with a tensile strength of 17.61 MPa and elongation at break of 404.58 %. Mg(OH)2/EVM and Al(OH)3/EVM samples have prominent vulcanization non-uniformity resulting in poor mechanical properties.
The diet of commensal Crocidura olivieri (Soricomorpha: Soricidae): predation on co-existing invasive Mus musculus suggested by DNA metabarcoding data
Authors: Galan Maxime , Bordes Anaïs , Gauthier Philippe , Kane Mamadou , Niang Youssoupha , Pierre Éric , Granjon Laurent
Published: May 2023

Crocidura olivieri is a large-sized shrew species showing a clear trend towards commensalism in West Africa, where it co-occurs and interacts with a number of rodent species in indoor small mammal communities. Among the rodents present is the house mouse Mus musculus, a major invasive species worldwide. We here test the hypothesis that M. musculus could be part of the diet of C. olivieri in a number of localities of Senegal where the two species are known to coexist. We use a metabarcoding approach based on the high-throughput sequencing of a 133 bp fragment of the COI gene, on DNA extracted from digestive tracts and faeces of a sample of 108 shrews. Beside insects of various groups (ants, beetles and cockroaches especially) representing usual items of shrew’s diet, and traces of domestic mammals and poultry that were probably scavenged, several species of rodents were evidenced. Among them, M. musculus was by far the best represented species, found in 17 of the 54 shrews where at least one prey taxon was identified. This finding tends to confirm the potential role of C. olivieri as predator of house mice, while highlighting the capacity of this species to adapt its diet to environmental conditions.
Three Memoranda of the 21st Dynasty at Deir el-Bahari
Authors: Barwik Mirosław
Published: May 2023

Newly found hieratic graffiti in the temple of Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahari enable shedding new light on the history of the area in the period of the 21st Dynasty. Three of them, written in the form of memoranda relating presumably to work done in the area, can be dated to the very end of the pontificate of the high-priest Menkheperre. There are good reasons to relate them to a burial or burials in the neighbouring Bab el-Gasus cache or else to the work done in this tomb at an early stage of its building history.
Die Schutzgottheiten des Raumes auf den Zaubermessern des Mittleren Reiches
Authors: Altenmüller Hartwig
Published: May 2023

The investigation concerns the enigmatic signs incised on the magic ivories of the Middle Kingdom and the Second Intermediate Period. They represent tutelary deities mainly of the cardinal points protecting private houses and tombs against various demons and enemies. Apparently, they are forerunners of the symbols of the magical bricks of BD 151 from the New Kingdom.
Where the Head Meets the Heart: ‘Enlightened’ Compassion Lies Between Big Five Openness/Intellect and Agreeableness
Authors: Lawn Erin C. R. , Laham Simon M. , Zhao Kun , Christensen Alexander P. , Smillie Luke D.
Published: May 2023

Enlightened compassion is a morally significant personality trait describing the tendency to show regard for others in an open-minded (vs. rigid or parochial) manner. We examine this trait through a “bottom-up” lens, asking: where is enlightened compassion located within the Big Five (B5) taxonomy? Across three studies comprising seven samples (total N = 2,522), we measure enlightened compassion as an interstitial facet lying between the Compassion aspect of B5 Agreeableness and the Openness aspect of B5 Openness/Intellect. The Enlightened Compassion Scale (EC Scale) has solid structural and content validity, converging strongly with Compassion and Openness (Study 1). Consistent with the bandwidth-fidelity trade-off in hierarchical models of personality traits, enlightened compassion demonstrates incremental validity over-and-above these B5 aspects when predicting theoretically relevant traits (e.g., moral imagination and moral expansiveness; Study 2) and behaviour (expansive charitable donation; Study 3). By locating enlightened compassion and its correlates within the organising framework of the B5, our work serves to deepen and integrate accumulated knowledge on this morally salient feature of personality.
Novel Palestine: Nation through the Works of Ibrahim Nasrallah
Authors: Parr Nora E. H.
Published: May 2023

Palestinian writing imagines the nation not as a nation-in-waiting but as a living, changing structure that joins people, place, and time into distinct formations. Novel Palestine examines these imaginative structures so that we might move beyond the idea of an incomplete or fragmented reality and speak frankly about the nation that exists and the freedom it seeks. Engaging the writings of Ibrahim Nasrallah, Nora E. H. Parr traces a vocabulary through which Palestine can be discussed as a changing and flexible national network linking people across and within space, time, and community. Through an exploration of the Palestinian literary scene subsequent to its canonical writers, Parr makes the life and work of Nasrallah available to an English-language audience for the first time, offering an intervention in geography while bringing literary theory into conversation with politics and history.
Brief overview: glucagon history and physiology
Authors: Robertson R Paul
Published: May 2023

Glucagon is a peptide hormone that is produced primarily by the alpha cells in the islet of Langerhans in the pancreas, but also in intestinal enteroendocrine cells and in some neurons. Approximately 100 years ago, several research groups discovered that pancreatic extracts would cause a brief rise in blood glucose before they observed the decrease in glucose attributed to insulin. An overall description of the regulation of glucagon secretion requires the inclusion of its sibling insulin because they both are made primarily by the islet and they both regulate each other in different ways. For example, glucagon stimulates insulin secretion, whereas insulin suppresses glucagon secretion. The mechanism of action of glucagon on insulin secretion has been identified as a trimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein)-mediated event. The manner in which insulin suppresses glucagon release from the alpha cell is thought to be highly dependent on the peri-portal circulation of the islet through which blood flows downstream from beta cells to alpha cells. In this scenario, it is via the circulation that insulin is thought to suppress the release of glucagon. However, high levels of glucose also have been shown to suppress glucagon secretion. Consequently, the glucose-lowering effect of insulin may be additive to the direct effects of insulin to suppress alpha cell function, so that in vivo both the discontinuation of the insulin signal and the condition of low glucose jointly are responsible for induction of glucagon secretion.
Análisis comparativo de la cobertura vegetal (2015) con la frontera agrícola ( 2018 ) en la subcuenca del río Teusacá
Authors: Garay Rey Karen Maritza , Cárdenas Castro Estrella
Published: May 2023

El objetivo fue comparar la cobertura vegetal año 2015 con la frontera agrícola presentada en el último censo nacional agropecuario en la subcuenca del Río Teusacá. Mediante un análisis multitemporal se determinó la dinámica de las zonas agrícolas, bosques y zonas urbanizadas en la subcuenca del Río Teusacá. Se encontró que el área de bosque y vegetación herbácea natural fue de 14143,29 hectáreas en 2015, ocupando un 39% en el área de estudio. Se observó un incremento del 1% del área de bosque con respecto al registro del año 1997; detectado principalmente en las veredas La Diana, Aposentos, Meusa y La Violeta del municipio de Sopó, en las veredas Salitre y Santa Isabel del municipio de Guasca y en las veredas San Cayetano, Frailejonal y El Volcán del municipio de La Calera. También, se evidenció incremento de la cobertura vegetal en el sector suroriental de las veredas Mercenario y San Gabriel del municipio de La Calera y en la vereda Salitre entre Guasca y Sopo. No obstante, la calidad del recurso hídrico del Río Teusacá principalmente en el sector de Sopó está siendo afectada por vertimientos industriales y domésticos sin control. Se sugiere, realizar campañas educativas para que los habitantes comprendan la importancia de conservar, reforestar, mantener el agua en buenas condiciones para que la subcuenca mantenga un equilibrio ecológico sostenible que garantice los servicios ambientales que ofrece.
Aclaramiento dental con láser de diodo de 940 nm: Presentación de serie de casos
Authors: Llamas García José Ignacio , Plazas Román Jaime , Hoyos Hoyos Vivi
Published: May 2023

La era de la odontología estética ha condicionado a mejorar la apariencia de la sonrisa a través de técnicas como el aclaramiento dental con métodos innovadores para minimizar la sensibilidad dental, microdureza del esmalte y la irritación gingival como es el uso de láser de diodo. El propósito de este trabajo es describir el abordaje terapéutico de aclaramiento dental con láser de diodo de 940 nm. A consulta odontológica se presentan diversos casos de pacientes adultos de ambos sexos, que asisten por presentar insatisfacción en el color de los dientes, se realiza examen cínico, toma de registro de color mediante la escala Vita Lumin® antes y después del procedimiento, aplicación de un protocolo de aclaramiento dental y activación con láser de diodo de 940 nm a diferentes potencias y en dos sesiones en el mismo día, encontrando como resultados cambios de color y ausencia de sensibilidad dental posterior al tratamiento realizado.
Eponimia y traducción en el ámbito biomédico: estudio en un corpus de textos paralelos sobre medicamentos huérfanos (en, fr y es)
Authors: Varela Vila Tamara , Sánchez Trigo Elena
Published: May 2023

Este trabajo se centra en el estudio de los epónimos en textos biomédicos con un doble objetivo: obtener datos sobre su presencia en textos actuales y sobre las estrategias que se utilizan para su traducción. Para ello, se ha compilado y analizado un corpus paralelo que integra tres lenguas (inglés, español, francés). La naturaleza multigenérica de las muestras textuales que lo componen (fichas técnicas y prospectos), su reciente fecha de publicación (6 últimos años) y la actualidad sociosanitaria que caracteriza al subdominio en el que se centra (medicamentos huérfanos) por su vinculación con las enfermedades raras, confieren al corpus interés y unas características acordes con los objetivos propuestos. Tras revisar los estudios más destacados sobre el concepto de eponimia, se presenta el corpus y la metodología utilizada para su explotación. Los resultados confirman que la eponimia, pese al carácter controvertido de su uso, es muy frecuente en los textos estudiados. Asimismo, indican que los epónimos utilizados son similares en las tres lenguas analizadas, aunque existen ligeras divergencias que conviene analizar con detenimiento.
La motivación en la enseñanza de segundas lenguas: aproximación teórico-práctica en el ámbito del enfoque integrado AICLE
Authors: Ferrando Ernesto
Published: May 2023

El propósito del trabajo es revisar las teorías actuales sobre la motivación en la enseñanza de segundas lenguas a partir de las contribuciones que la psicología general aporta al campo de la didáctica, así como de los supuestos teóricos sobre el aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras, con especial atención al enfoque AICLE. La importancia del estudio se basa en la necesidad que presentan los docentes de adquirir los conocimientos que intervienen en la motivación, tanto desde el punto de vista de su desempeño, incluyendo los materiales didácticos, como el de sus discentes. La metodología se fundamenta en las teorías sobre el estudio de la motivación desde la psicología en su relación con la didáctica.El artículo concluye que existe una serie de estrategias que pueden ayudar a crear la motivación necesaria en el aula durante el proceso de aprendizaje de un idioma, las cuales se convierten en guías prácticas para los docentes en la enseñanza de segundas lenguas.
Clasificación de las familias transmisoras de lenguas en contextos diglósicos
Authors: Antón i Álvarez de Cienfuegos Maria
Published: May 2023

A partir del estudio cualitativo de la diglosia de Cataluña del Norte (Francia), este artículo presenta una nueva clasificación de las familias responsables de la transmisión, ya que esta práctica lingüística tiene un fuerte impacto en la situación de las lenguas del territorio. Así pues, los objetivos de este artículo son los siguientes: (1) exponer la nueva clasificación de los núcleos familiares que conviven en un conflicto lingüístico, teniendo en cuenta las elecciones lingüísticas en la comunicación con los descendientes y entre los adultos; (2) definir los elementos principales de los cinco tipos de familia, así como sus aplicaciones y limitaciones específicas a las prácticas de interrupción, continuidad y revernacularización de una lengua minorizada; y por último, (3) establecer las tendencias transmisoras en función de la tipología de la familia. Resultante de este análisis, cinco tipologías han sido establecidas y descritas, a fin de que puedan proporcionar un soporte teórico para futuras investigaciones sociolingüísticas centradas en el estudio de las familias y en la planificación de la revitalización de una lengua minorizada, ya sea autóctona o alóctona.
Transcatheter Left Atrial Appendage Closure: Devices Available, Pitfalls, Advantages, and Future Directions
Authors: Bavishi Chirag
Published: May 2023

Transcatheter left atrial appendage closure has emerged as a non-pharmacological alternative to long-term anticoagulation for stroke prevention in appropriately selected patients with AF. In this concise review article, the Food and Drug Administration-approved and some other left atrial appendage closure devices that are under investigation are discussed. Currently, Watchman Flx and Amplatzer Amulet are the only two devices that have been approved for commercial use by the Food and Drug Administration. A brief overview of device designs, clinical data on efficacy and safety, major limitations of left atrial appendage closure devices, and perspectives on future direction are provided. The current generation of devices is effective; however, efforts should continue on innovations and refinement of device technology.
Diseño y caracterización de un sistema de entrega de fármacos autoemulsificable (SEDDS) de estradiol por diagramas de fases pseudoternarios y pruebas fisicoquímicas
Authors: Goméz Palencia Karolaine , Goméz de la Cruz Laura , Herrera Marquéz Alberto , Sotomayor Reinaldo G.
Published: May 2023

Introdución: el estradiol es una hormona esteroide sexual femenina usada ampliamente como terapia hormonal que presenta una baja biodisponibilidad, debido asu baja solubilidad acuosa y a su alta hidrofobicidad, perteneciendo a la clase II del sistema de clasificación de biofarmacéutica. Objetivos: diseñar y caracterizar un sistema de entrega de fármacos autoemulsificable (SEDDS) para el fármaco estradiol por pruebas fisicoquímicas con el fin de obtener la relación óptima que permitiera mejorar su solubilidad acuosa, velocidad de disolución y potencialmente su biodisponibilidad. Método: estudios de solubilidad en diferentes solventes, diagramas de fases pseudoternarios constituidos por aceites, tensioactivos, cotensioactivos y agua permitieron reconocer las diferentes regiones de formación de SEDDS e identificar los porcentajes de excipientes que conducen a la formación de soluciones isotrópicas; las formulaciones resultantes fueron caracterizadas en tiempo de autoemulsificación, robustez a la dilución, punto de nube y perfil de disolución en capsula dura. Resultados: las formulaciones que contenían Capmul MCM®, Kolliphor® RH40 y Transcutol®, tuvieron un tiempo de autoemulsificación de aproximadamente 1 min; fueron estables en tres distintos pH (1,2; 4,5 y 7,2), en diferentes volúmenes de dilución, exhibiendo una apariencia transparente, ligeramente azulada, sin precipitados, o separación de fases, puntos de nube mayores en comparación de las formulaciones que contenían Gelucire® 44/14. Conclusiones: las estrategias de caracterizaciónempleadas en el desarrollo de esta investigación demostraron ser eficientes para la selección adecuada de excipientes y su proporción óptima para el diseño eficaz de un sistema de entrega de fármaco autoemulsificable (SEDDS).
’Researching and Teaching Second Language Writing in the Digital Age’ Mimi Li
Authors: Tercero Tanya
Published: May 2023

Researching and Teaching Second Language Writing in the Digital AgeMimi LiCham: Palgrave Macmillan, US $ 120, ISBN 9783030877095 (Hardback), 243 pages, 2022
linc00511 Knockdown Inhibits Lung Cancer Progression by Regulating miR-16-5p/MMP11
Authors: Song Zhengyi , Luo Jing , Wu Ming , Zhang Zelin
Published: May 2023

Lung cancer (LC) is a malignant tumor that extremely impairs people. According to numerous studies, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) was inextricably involved in the advancement of LC. The work aspired to identify linc00511 expression in LC and to dig for the underlying mechanisms linc00511 regulated LC progression. Experimental outcomes revealed that linc00511 was obviously upregulated in LC, and linc00511 knockdown significantly impaired the malignant phenotype of LC cells in vitro. For an in-depth study on the contribution of linc00511 to LC advancement, it was disclosed that miR-16-5p had binding sites to the sequence of linc00511, which also inversely affected linc00511 expression in LC. Further experimental data demonstrated that miR-16-5p directly and negatively targeted matrix metallopeptidase 11 (MMP11). Also, rescue experiments displayed that miR-16-5p inhibition or MMP11 overexpressing offset the suppressive impacts of linc00511 silencing on LC progression. To sum up, our findings indicated that linc00511 performed a crucial role in facilitating LC progression, and mechanistic studies demonstrated that linc00511 aggravated LC progression via targeting the miR-16-5p/MMP11 axis.