bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Partisipasi Politik Kelompok Penyandang Disabilitas pada Pemilu Tahun 2024 Kota Payakumbuh Ditinjau dari Fiqh Siyasah
Authors: Oktarina Soraya , Harahap Mona Syariah
Published: February 2025

Participation in elections is the right of all people, without exception. Disability groups are a vulnerable group that must be considered every time an election is held. In the 2024 elections, participation by disability groups in the city of Payakumbuh is experiencing an upward trend. This research aims to identify factors that can increase the participation of people with disabilities in the 2024 General Election (Pemilu) in Payakumbuh City, viewed from the perspective of siyasah fiqh. In the context of fiqh siyasah provides a basis for understanding political participation as part of social responsibility and religious obligation. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive approach to analyze data collected through in-depth interviews, observations and relevant literature reviews. Based on the research results, it shows that the participation of people with disabilities in elections has been carried out from the initial stages until post-election, starting from actively participating in socialization, discussing the needs of disabled groups in elections, being open and collaborating with the organizers in the data collection stage, voting, to participating in monitoring the results. voting. From the perspective of fiqh sıyasah, participation of persons with disabilities in elections is part of the rights and obligations of citizens to be involved in the political process, as well as efforts to realize justice and equality in state life.
Analisis Gender Pathway Pengarusutamaan Hak Anak SAD Dampingan Pundi Sumatra pada Isu Pendidikan
Authors: Reverawati Wenny Ira
Published: February 2025

This research analyzes the gender gap in access to education and women's empowerment in the Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) community assisted by Pundi Sumatera. Using descriptive qualitative method, this research explores various internal and external factors that affect the limited access, participation, control, and benefits of education for women in this community. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and review of related documents. The results show that patriarchal cultural factors, domestication of women, and lack of awareness of the importance of education are the main barriers to access and participation of SAD women in education. In addition, external factors such as limited policies that support the education of indigenous communities and the lack of collaboration between the government and community organizations also exacerbate this gap. These findings are contextualized with previous studies, which show similar patterns in other indigenous communities in Indonesia. This study recommends the need for more inclusive community-based policies, alternative education programs that respect local cultural values, and increased synergy between the government, non-governmental organizations and SAD communities to improve access and quality of education for women.
Freshwater plant macroecology needs to step forward from the shadows of the terrestrial domain
Authors: Alahuhta Janne , García-Girón Jorge , Molina-Navarro Eugenio , Murphy Kevin
Published: February 2025

Freshwater plants, or macrophytes, make up only 1-2% of all plant species on Earth but play a crucial role in aquatic ecosystems. They are key to primary production, provide habitat and food for various organisms, and influence water quality. Despite their importance, freshwater plants face significant threats from global changes, which necessitates research at broader scales. Historically, freshwater plants have been less studied than terrestrial plants, partly due to a lack of global data and a focus on local scales by ecologists. Unlike terrestrial plants, freshwater plants do not always follow the same ecological patterns. In this text, we summarise current knowledge on three well-known macroecological patterns and how they differ between freshwater and terrestrial plants: latitude-species richness gradient, Rapoport’s rule and species replacement vs. species richness differences of beta diversity. For example, terrestrial plants follow the latitudinal diversity gradient hypothesis, whereas species richness peaks in the sub-tropics for freshwater plants. Although findings on Rapoport’s rule are less clear, research on terrestrial plants in North America shows that turnover (i.e., species replacing each other) is more significant in areas with high species richness and environmental stability, whereas nestedness (i.e., species composition at one site is a subset of a richer site) is more common in species-poor areas with high environmental variability. For freshwater plants, beta diversity patterns vary with latitude, but species replacement generally dominates over nestedness. Overall, freshwater plants exhibit unique macroecological patterns that differ from terrestrial plants, highlighting the need for more extensive research to understand their biodiversity and ecological roles. This can be achieved with more harmonized data sets and equal research efforts in both realms. Better knowledge of macroecological patterns and their drivers for freshwater plants is crucial for conservation efforts and policy-making aimed at preserving plant species diversity and sustaining ecosystem services in freshwater environments.
Evaluasi Tata Ruang dan Pencahayaan pada Rumah Instan Sederhana Sehat (RISHA) di Kampung Deret Petogogan Kebayoran Baru Jakarta Selatan
Authors: Sulindra Muhammad Rizky , Rajiman  , Susanti Junita
Published: February 2025

Rumah Instan Sederhana Sehat (RISHA) dikembangkan sebagai solusi perumahan cepat dan terjangkau untuk mengurangi permukiman kumuh serta meningkatkan kualitas hunian. Namun, perencanaan tata ruang dan pencahayaan alami yang optimal tetap diperlukan guna memenuhi standar kenyamanan dan kesehatan. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi kesesuaian tata ruang dan pencahayaan alami pada perumahan RISHA di Kampung Deret Petogogan, dengan fokus pada rumah tipe 18 dan tipe 36. Metode yang digunakan meliputi pengumpulan data primer dan sekunder serta analisis berdasarkan Panduan Pembangunan Perumahan dan Permukiman dan Modul Rumah Sehat. Evaluasi pencahayaan alami menggunakan Dialux Evo 12.1 mengacu pada SNI 03-2396-2001. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesesuaian tata ruang mencapai 50% pada rumah tipe 18 dan 53% pada tipe 36, tergolong “cukup sesuai.” Sebaran cahaya alami hanya memenuhi standar sebesar 50% pada tipe 18 dan 40% pada tipe 36, dengan ruang serbaguna dan kamar mandi paling terdampak. Diperlukan perbaikan dalam desain RISHA untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan dan kesehatan penghuni, seperti optimalisasi bukaan dan material transparan guna meningkatkan pencahayaan alami. Penelitian lebih lanjut disarankan untuk mengembangkan strategi desain yang lebih adaptif sesuai kondisi lingkungan.
Strategi Pemasaran Melalui Digital Marketing Pada Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM)
Authors: Mawahib Mahdil , Nirmalasari Dela , Noviansyah Arvi , Pratiwi Ayu Cahya , Arsa Dennyza syifa Nur
Published: February 2025

Banyaknya usaha UMKM di Indonesia menyebabkan semakin ketatnya persaingan wirausaha dagang. UMKM Bawang Goreng Pandawa menghadapi tantangan dalam memasarkan produknya karena masih menggunakan cara pemasaran tradisional. Pengabdian ini menggunakan metode PAR dengan tahapan persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa sebelum penerapan digital marketing, UMKM Bawang Merah Goreng PANDAWA mengalami keterbatasan jangkauan pasar dan kesulitan dalam memperluas akses ke konsumen di luar area lokal. Setelah pendampingan dan pelatihan, terjadi peningkatan pemahaman dan penerapan teknologi pemasaran digital. UMKM berhasil membuat akun di Shopee, mengelola media sosial, dan menerapkan teknik foto produk yang meningkatkan daya tarik visual produk. Digital marketing terbukti efektif dalam memperluas jangkauan pasar dan meningkatkan daya saing UMKM Bawang Merah Goreng PANDAWA. Pelatihan yang diberikan membantu meningkatkan keterampilan UMKM dalam menggunakan teknologi digital untuk pemasaran. Meskipun ada beberapa tantangan dalam adopsi teknologi, seperti keterbatasan pemahaman awal dan sumber daya, pendampingan yang tepat mampu meningkatkan efisiensi operasional UMKM.
Comparative analysis of mechanical properties and microstructure of three-component epoxy polymers and fiberglass composites obtained by thermal and microwave heat treatment
Authors:   Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Technologies (RIAMT), Matveev E. V. , Berestov V. V. ,   Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Technologies (RIAMT), Gajdar A. I. ,   Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Technologies (RIAMT), Veveris A. A. ,   National Research Technological University MISIS
Published: February 2025

The effect of ultrahigh frequency (microwave) curing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of three-component epoxy resins (ER) and glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) has been studied. A comparative analysis of the manufactured samples of ER and GFRP cured by both traditional thermal and microwave methods was carried out. The optimal parameters of the microwave curing process for ER and GFRP were determined, which made it possible to obtain samples with high strength properties under standard tensile and bending tests. Comparative fractographic and microstructural studies of transverse fracture surfaces for ER samples cured by thermal and microwave methods were carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It has been established that the curing of ER by the microwave method leads to an increase in the size of globules and the number of pores in the material, a more pronounced local plastic deformation during the destruction of the sample and to a greater variation in the ratio of the propagation velocities of the main and secondary cracks. Comparative studies of the microstructure of the cross-section surfaces and longitudinal cleavage surfaces were also carried out for GFRP samples cured by thermal and microwave methods. It was found that for GFRP samples cured by the microwave method, the fracture during longitudinal cleavage is mainly cohesive, caused by the propagation of a crack through the matrix material.
Hydrothermal synthesis, optical and photocatalytic properties of Y-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles
Authors:   Southwest State University, Egelskii I. V. , Pugachevskii M. A. ,   Southwest State University, Rodionov V. V. ,   Southwest State University, Syuy A. V. ,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Grigorieva A. V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: February 2025

Yttrium-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles were synthesized by a hydrothermal method and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and small-angle X-ray scattering. To obtain particles with improved photocatalytic properties and minimal carbon content of residual organic derivatives, optimal conditions were selected for washing with solvents and subsequent thermal annealing. Yttrium-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles demonstrated higher photocatalytic activity compared to the undoped sample, which is explained by the formation of additional energy levels inside the band gap, which reduce the intensity of the reverse recombination process. The obtained results contribute to the development of the most optimal modes and methods for producing titanium dioxide nanoparticles with high photocatalytic activity.
Motherhood and Mothers in Islamic Societies: Concept and Functions in Medieval and Contemporary Times
Authors: Lapiedra Gutiérrez Eva
Published: February 2025

This paper focuses on several aspects related to motherhood and the role of mothers in two historical periods of the history of Islam: pre-modern Arab societies, with a special focus on what is known in the West as the Middle Ages, and the Nahḍa or Arab Renaissance (end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th). The Nahḍa brought about new ideas about motherhood, and they represent a tremendous change in the role of women as mothers, especially as women now begin to speak for themselves about motherhood. Mostly through a series of texts, the comparison focuses on what remains and what has changed in the role of women in Arab and Muslim family and societies throughout history.
El Islam desde diversas perspectivas en la sociedad cubana
Authors: Febles Pérez Mairim
Published: February 2025

La religión islámica ha estado presente en Cuba desde la época de la colonización española, pero su práctica organizada comenzó en la década de 1990 durante un reavivamiento religioso en el país. A pesar de la creciente presencia y práctica del Islam en Cuba, los musulmanes se enfrentan a visiones desfavorables y algunos actos de discriminación. Con vistas a fomentar una convivencia pacífica, esta investigación se plantea como objetivo analizar la significación del Islam tanto para musulmanes como para no practicantes de esta religión en Cuba. Para darle cumplimiento al mismo, las técnicas de Dibujo y Asociación Libre de Palabras fueron aplicadas a cubanos no musulmanes, mientras que se realizó una entrevista a musulmanes. Los instrumentos usados con los no musulmanes muestran la existencia de prejuicios y estereotipos los cuales tienen como base un conocimiento deformado de las realidades del Islam. Mientras los implementados a los musulmanes permiten evidenciar que el Islam es el centro de la vida para ellos, constituye un modo de vida e influye en sus perspectivas futuras. Esta investigación, basada en una metodología cualitativa, permite contrastar diversas perspectivas sobre el Islam y profundizar en un tema poco estudiado en la sociedad cubana.
Proclamando al soberano: Ibn ‘Amīra y la movilidad de los secretarios en el occidente islámico durante el siglo VII/XIII
Authors: Peláez Martín Alejandro
Published: February 2025

Este artículo pone el foco en la movilidad de los secretarios en el Magreb del siglo VII/XIII, durante el colapso del Imperio almohade y el surgimiento de los nuevos poderes dinásticos que terminaron por sustituirlo. Lo hace, en concreto, siguiendo la trayectoria profesional del célebre secretario Abū l-Muṭarrif b. ‘Amīra y los documentos de proclamación para los soberanos (bay‘as) que compuso. Los kuttāb, especialistas en la redacción de cartas y de toda la documentación necesaria para el adecuado funcionamiento de las cancillerías compartieron todo un abigarrado y complejo conjunto de imaginarios, así como de mecanismos retóricos y simbólicos.
El planteamiento del que parte el estudio es el del surgimiento de un “arte de componer” común en el Occidente islámico tras el período de unidad representado por los almohades. De ahí que, pese a la multiplicidad de poderes surgidos y a su diferente orientación ideológica, la movilidad de estos eruditos andalusíes fue posible gracias a la existencia de un continuum cultural. Todo ello se observa al analizar los documentos de bay‘a elaborados por Ibn ‘Amīra para los Hūdíes, los últimos califas mu’miníes y los primeros soberanos ḥafṣíes. Esto habla de la idea de una representación simbólica compartida por todos ellos.
Pólipo velloso gigante de recto produciendo un síndrome de McKittrick-Wheelock: reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Sierra Jorge Iván , Jaramillo Santiago , Martínez-Hincapié Cristina , López Federico
Published: February 2025

Introducción. El síndrome de McKittrick-Wheelock se caracteriza por la presencia de un pólipo velloso gigante secretor, ubicado en colon o recto, que se manifiesta con tenesmo rectal, sangrado, diarrea y signos de deshidratación. Al examen físico se palpa un pólipo de base pediculada, que protruye hacia la luz intestinal. Puede producir síntomas obstructivos o simular una neoplasia de recto o hemorroides prolapsadas. Este síndrome es infrecuente; solo encontramos un caso reportado en la literatura, con un tumor de mayor dimensión.
Caso clínico. Se presenta el caso de una paciente que consultó por aumento de la frecuencia defecatoria. La colonoscopia reportó la presencia de un pólipo gigante del recto con compromiso circunferencial del 100 %, extensión craneocaudal de 8 cm y su margen distal a 1 cm del borde anal; con maniobras de valsalva producía prolapso completo del recto e incontinencia fecal secundaria.
Resultados. Se hizo una resección mucosa completa vía transanal del pólipo, con corrección del prolapso y cierre del defecto mediante la técnica de Delorme. El estudio patológico del espécimen quirúrgico reportó adenoma tubulovelloso con displasia de bajo grado, con dimensiones de 18x18 cm, y componente velloso del 75 %, sin encontrar focos de displasias de alto grado ni malignidad. La paciente continuó en controles clínicos y endoscópicos durante 14 meses, sin documentar recidiva.
Conclusión. Existen diferentes tipos de técnicas quirúrgicas, con desenlaces oncológicos equivalentes, pero es de gran importancia la identificación temprana del síndrome pues su tratamiento se basa en manejo quirúrgico con polipectomía.
Consecuencias de la ontología empresarial en la política
Authors: Cháidez Leos Luis Enrique , Evangelista Ávila José Luis
Published: February 2025

La propagación del sistema económico capitalista a nivel internacional, como la “mejor” forma de administración posible, trajo consigo una serie de complicaciones ecológicas, sociales, culturales, políticas y económicas para el mundo, dicha propagación ha dado lugar a la instauración de una ontología empresarial. El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar el concepto de “ontología empresarial” con la finalidad de considerar sus repercusiones en la administración política. Para tal cometido se abordará la lectura de Realismo capitalista: ¿no hay alternativa? de Mark Fisher, así como el análisis de la declaración pública del político David Eastman, para con ello entender las repercusiones políticas y sociales de la ontología empresarial a fin de visibilizar la conexión de una con la otra.
Gender neutral toilet standards guideline recommendations based on Indonesian behavior and habits
Authors: Sari Melsa Rayan , Permana Ridwan Setia , Mandagi Mohamad Otto Ridwan , Fahira Citra Tifany , Wicaksono Satria Eko , Surya Hana Faza
Published: February 2025

The availability of public toilets in public spaces is essential because sanitation is one of the basic human needs. Mall is one of the places visited by various groups of people, therefore the design of public toilets in mall need to consider the needs of diverse toilet users. In Indonesia, toilet design guidelines are already made by the Indonesian Toilet Association, but they have yet to pay attention to all the inclusivity points of some groups. Good public facilities should be able to meet the sanitation needs of all users, including people with disabilities, unconventional gender groups (transgender and non-binary), and companions for children/parents of different genders. Data were collected through observation, questionnaires, interviews, and literature studies. Observation were carried through three shopping mall in bandung, braga citywalk, bandung beautiful plaza, paris van java to observe the existing toilet conditions. Descriptive and experimental qualitative methods carry out the method of data analysis. A comparative study was conducted on existing toilet design guidelines to formulate points of recommendations for designing gender-neutral toilets that are tailored to the behavior of the Indonesian people, followed by an experimental process to produce visual recommendations for gender-neutral toilet designs, namely single-stalled, multi-stalled, enclosed, and multi-stalled open space toilet types.
Inovasi motif Nitik Gedhangan menggunakan pendekatan pemodelan parametrik
Authors: Nurrachman Muhammad Irfan
Published: February 2025

Batik nitik adalah batik klasik dari Yogyakarta yang memiliki pola yang khas. Pola khas tersebut merupakan salah satu bentuk inovasi yang mentransformasi teknik tenunan patola menjadi teknik batik sesuai dengan kondisi masyarakatnya saat itu. Teknologi digital kini dilibatkan dalam inovasi pola nitik, mulai dari keragaman motif hingga penerapannya pada media alternatif sebagai elemen bangunan. Dari berbagai inovasi yang telah dilakukan tersebut masih terdapat hal yang belum disentuh, yaitu penciptaan pola yang tidak monoton dan lebih dinamis dari pola nitik konvensional. Selama ini, pola nitik dihasilkan dari pengulangan motif yang identik, yang memicu kemonotonan visual. Dalam kajian ini dibahas tentang pembuatan pola nitik gedagan menggunakan pendekatan pemodelan parametrik. Melalui pendekatan tersebut, kajian ini bertujuan untuk membuat sebuah model parametrik yang dapat menghasilkan berbagai varian dari pola nitik gedhangan. Algoritma model parametrik tersebut dibangun dari hasil analisis terhadap morfologi motif nitik gedagan dan tinjauan kasus penggunaannya sebagai privacy screen. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa motif nitik gedagan memiliki karakter motif tertentu yang dapat ditransformasi menjadi sebuah pola yang berbeda dari pola konvensional dan sesuai dengan peruntukkannya sebagai motif bagi privacy screen. Hasil kajian juga menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan pemodelan parametrik memiliki potensi untuk dilibatkan dalam inovasi motif nitik dimasa mendatang.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Produk Pencuci Muka untuk Kulit Berminyak Menggunakan Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
Authors: Pertiwi Nur Cahya Mega , Himawan Imam , Sartono Lidya Natalia
Published: February 2025

Kecantikan sering dikaitkan dengan kesehatan kulit, terutama bagi perempuan. Perawatan kulit yang tepat penting untuk menghindari masalah seperti kulit berminyak, yang sering disebabkan oleh gaya hidup dan kebiasaan makan. Produk pencuci muka menjadi kunci dalam perawatan wajah, namun pemilihan yang tidak tepat dapat memicu iritasi atau masalah kulit lainnya. Seiring dengan meningkatnya kesadaran terhadap kesehatan kulit, banyak produk pencuci muka yang tersedia di pasaran, sehingga konsumen sering kebingungan dalam memilih produk yang sesuai. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, penelitian ini mengembangkan sistem pendukung keputusan berbasis desktop menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Sistem ini bertujuan membantu konsumen memilih produk pencuci muka yang tepat untuk kulit berminyak, berdasarkan kriteria objektif seperti kandungan aktif, harga, jumlah produk terjual, berat dan desain kemasan. Metode AHP memungkinkan proses pengambilan keputusan yang lebih terstruktur dan relevan. Sistem ini diimplementasikan menggunakan Java dengan MySQL sebagai basis data, dan diharapkan menghasilkan laporan penilaian produk yang membantu pengguna memilih pencuci muka yang tepat.
Aplikasi One Stop Service Pemesanan Makanan Menggunakan Barcode
Authors: Umbara Wahyu Wibiksana Darma , Bachtiar Yogi
Published: February 2025

Kemajuan teknologi digital telah mengubah industri kuliner, terutama dalam proses pemesanan makanan. Sementara aplikasi pemesanan makanan online umumnya berfokus pada layanan antar, pemesanan di dalam restoran masih bergantung pada interaksi manual yang memakan waktu dan rentan kesalahan. Penelitian ini mengusulkan pengembangan “Aplikasi One Stop Service Pemesanan Makanan Menggunakan Barcode” untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pemesanan di dalam restoran. Aplikasi ini memungkinkan pengunjung memindai kode QR di meja, melihat menu, dan memesan langsung melalui smartphone, meminimalkan interaksi manual dan potensi kesalahan. Selain itu, aplikasi ini dilengkapi dengan sistem backend yang memastikan data produk, harga, dan stok diperbarui secara real-time, memberikan kemudahan bagi manajemen restoran dalam pencatatan penjualan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang aplikasi berbasis web yang mudah digunakan, menciptakan alur pemesanan yang cepat dan efisien, serta membangun sistem backend yang andal. Dengan adanya solusi ini, diharapkan restoran dapat meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan melalui layanan yang lebih cepat, akurat, dan praktis.
Sistem Absensi dengan Metode Face Recognition Menggunakan OpenCV Berbasis Web di TK Az-Zahra
Authors: Putra Fauzan Azima , Opitasari Opitasari , Parwati Ni Wayan
Published: February 2025

Sistem absensi merupakan elemen krusial dalam manajemen kehadiran di lembaga pendidikan seperti TK Az-Zahra. Dalam era teknologi modern, metode face recognition telah menjadi solusi yang menjanjikan untuk meningkatkan keakuratan dan efisiensi proses absensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengenbangkan sebuah sistem absensi menggunakan metode face recognition dengan memanfaatkan OpenCV sebagai alat pengembangan dan berbasis web untuk akses yang mudah di TK Az-Zahra. Pendekatan pengembangan sistem yang digunakan adalah dengan mengintegrasikannya ke dalam sebuah platform berbasis web yang dapat diakses oleh administrator dan pengguna. Penelitian ini juga akan mengevaluasi kinerja sistem dalam hal kecepatan dan keakuratan pengenalan wajah serta kemudahan penggunaan platform web. Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam proses absensi di Tk Az-Zahra dan menjadi landasan untuk mengembangkan sistem serupa di institusi pendidikan lainnya.
Sistem Informasi Administrasi Peserta Didik pada Taman Kanak-Kanak Islam Fatahillah
Authors: Kowaas Manda Christoffel , Hidayatullah Muhammad Roihan , Winasis Narendro Ageng , Alkadir Janitra Mujizati
Published: February 2025

Pengelolaan administrasi yang baik di sekolah akan meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas dalam menjalankan kegiatan pendidikan. Sistem pengelolaan administrasi yang masih manual dapat menyebabkan beberapa kendala yang dapat mengganggu proses pendidikan. Pada Taman Kanak-kanak (TK) Islam Fatahillah pengelolaan administrasinya masih dikelola secara manual. Hal ini mengakibatkan beberapa masalah yang dihadapi seperti pemborosan waktu dan tenaga, rentan terhadap kesalahan, kesulitan dalam memantau dan melacak data, kehilangan atau kerusakan data, kurangnya transparansi dan akuntabilitas, dan keterbatasan dalam pengambilan keputusan. Sistem informasi administasi peserta didik dibuat untuk membantu membuat laporan di bidang aministrasi sekolah. Sistem informasi ini bertujuan untuk memudahkan dalam pembuatan laporan, sehingga laporan administrasi yang dihasilkan efektif dan efisien. Pembuatan sistem informasi administasi dengan menggunakan metode waterfall dan alat bantu perancangan dan analisis mengunakan unified modeling language (UML).
“Walking the Talk”: A Critical Meta-Methodology of Participatory Research Across AERA Journals
Authors: Stanton Christine Rogers
Published: February 2025

To better connect theory and research with practice, educational research organizations such as the American Educational Research Association (AERA) urge scholars to cultivate meaningful partnerships with communities and schools. Despite these efforts, participatory research—especially that which comprehensively advances transformative, relevant, and equity-oriented goals across research processes—remains rare within the field. This meta-methodology analyzes articles published across AERA journals to answer the following question: In what ways do educational research articles braid participatory values discourse (“the talk”) with relational, reciprocal, and responsible methods (“the walk”)? Results illuminate the potential for such work to (1) value relationality through (re)allocation of researcher and participant roles, (2) value reciprocity through construction of community-determined transformative purposes, and (3) value responsibility through legitimization of partner expertise. The study offers implications for co-design, co-implementation, co-interpretation, and co-sharing of research, theory, and practice, as well as methodological recommendations for researchers and community leaders.
EFEITOS DO USO DO CINTO DE SEGURANÇA EM VIATURAS POLICIAIS SOBRE OS TEMPOS DE RESPOSTA DE POLICIAIS EM CASOS DE EMBOSCADAS
Authors: Eleuterio-da-Rocha José , Millani Vinícius Noé , Palma Müller Talissa
Published: February 2025

O presente estudo investiga como o uso do cinto de segurança durante o patrulhamento em viatura policial afeta os tempos de desembarque e de resposta em caso de emboscada lateral. Participaram quatro policiais militares em formação, no segundo ano do curso. Foram controladas variáveis como gênero, altura, peso e índice de massa corporal (IMC). Os participantes canhotos foram excluídos doestudo, e outras precauções foram tomadas em relação a 21 outras potenciais variáveis de confusão. O método utilizado foi de delineamento experimental de caso único, com replicações sistemáticas. Foi medido o tempo de desembarque do participante e de revide em função de três condições experimentais: utilizando o cinto de segurança, sem o uso de cinto de segurança e condição híbrida. Os resultados mostram que o uso do cinto de segurança (Condição 2) resultou em um aumento no tempo de resposta, com médias individuais variando de 0,75s a 0,99s (um aumento de 25% a 33%). Isso sugere que os policiais envolvidos no estudo poderiam ser alvejados de 2 a 8 vezes mais em um confrontoarmado devido a esse aumento no tempo de resposta. Quanto à Condição 3 (híbrida), não foi possível estabelecer uma linha de base clara, possivelmente devido à falta de treinamento dos participantes. A despeito de não ser possível estabelecer uma linha de base clara, os achados revelam que a técnica prevista na Condição 3 não tem potencial para apresentar tempos melhores que o simples uso do cintode segurança. Considerando que acidentes de trânsito têm maior chance de vitimar um policial que um confronto armado, uma análise dos riscos cautelosa é necessária para se definirem normativas acerca do uso de cinto de segurança durante a atividade policial.
ASPETOS HISTÓRICOS DA EDUCAÇÃO NO SISTEMA PENITENCIÁRIO MOÇAMBICANO
Authors: Mutemba Jose Henriques
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste estudo é caracterizar os aspetos históricos do processo educativo em meio penitenciário moçambicano, nos diversos períodos constitucionais, desde a Era Colonial até os dias de hoje. É um estudo qualitativo, alicerçado na revisão bibliográfica e análise documental. Os dados foram tratados com base na análise de conteúdo. Para responder os objetivos da pesquisa foram identificados cinco períodos: i) anterior a 1975 (antes da independência nacional); ii) de 1975 a 1990 (depois da independência do país); iii) de 1990 a 2004 (da implantação do Estado de Direito Democrático); iv) de 2004 a 2018 (período da nova Constituição); e v) de 2018 até o presente (da vigência da atual Constituição). Os resultados mostram a preocupação do governo pelas reformas legais, considerando o destaque que a educação ocupa no quadro legal penitenciário posterior à Constituição de 1990. Contudo, há desafios a superar, pelo fato de as políticas educacionais não diferenciarem o meio, o público-alvo penitenciário e o contexto onde se insere.
A MÍDIA COMO AGENTE SECURITIZADOR DA SEGURANÇA PÚBLICA
Authors: Schneider Gabriela , Machado Silveira Ada Cristina , Castellano da Silva Igor
Published: February 2025

O artigo apresenta a teoria da securitização em sua formulação originária, suas novas abordagens, a relação da securitização com a mídia e com a segurança pública, além de destacar a função da mídia e o papel da noticiabilidade (e do telejornalismo) nesse processo. Um estudo bibliográfico sobre o tema, realizado por meio do software Publish or Perish, permitiu constatar que os trabalhos sobre segurança pública remetem de maneira mecânica à incidência da mídia, mas não fazem referência às contribuições dos estudos da noticiabilidade e da securitização. Sustenta-se que o agenciamento midiático no tema ocorre de forma mais determinante do que a prevista pelas atuais teorias da securitização. Por fim, o estudo explica em profundidade o que entende por noticiabilidade quando aplicada ao tema, destacando a proeminência do telejornalismo no processo de securitização da segurança pública.
QUALIDADE METODOLÓGICA DAS PESQUISAS DOCUMENTAIS SOBRE CONTROLE DISCIPLINAR INTERNO DA POLÍCIA MILITAR
Authors: Araújo Edvaldo , Oliveira Raquel , Sampaio Angelo
Published: February 2025

O desempenho dos órgãos de controle disciplinar da atividade policial tem sido investigado para compreender a relação de intervenções policiais com a violência urbana. Para caracterizar e avaliar a qualidade metodológica dessas pesquisas, o presente trabalho revisa sistematicamente a literatura entre 2012 e 2022. A busca por artigos, teses e dissertações sobre processos administrativos disciplinares das Polícias Militares aconteceu na Scielo, na BDTD e no CTD/CAPES. Foram incluídos na revisão 14 textos. A literatura da área encontra-se majoritariamente no formato de dissertações, concentrada em estados que possuem programas de pós-graduação com linhas de pesquisa sobre o tema e realizando análises estatísticas descritivas. Em relação à qualidade metodológica, a maioria dos trabalhos falhou em descrever um ou mais aspectos relevantes da metodologia. Mudanças metodológicas na área são necessárias para melhorar a confiabilidade e a qualidade das pesquisas sobre o tema.
Political Entertainment
Authors: Rasheed Huma , Young Dannagal G.
Published: February 2025

The psychological mechanisms that govern the selection and processing of political entertainment are different from those of more traditional political content. These unique mechanisms suggest lower argument scrutiny and resistance from the audience. By bypassing these barriers to persuasion, political entertainment can shape political knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and behavior in ways that can have wider implications for individuals, society, and democracy. In this entry, we not only discuss the psychological mechanisms that make political entertainment unique, but also explicate the different approaches to defining political entertainment and its effects on sociopolitical outcomes.
Philosophy and prehistory: new perspectives on minds, art, and culture
Authors: van Mazijk Corijn , Killin Anton , Overmann Karenleigh A.
Published: February 2025

This article introduces the special issue “Philosophy and Prehistory: New Perspectives on Minds, Art, and Culture.” The primary motivation for the issue was to create a space where philosophy and evolutionary cognitive archaeology could intersect. We wanted to encourage cognitive archaeologists to reflect on their field from a philosophical perspective, and philosophers to consider key methodological, theoretical, or conceptual issues in evolutionary cognitive archaeology. We thereby aimed to bridge a perceived gap between philosophical and scientific research on prehistory, and to explore how these fields might complement each other. Our contributors relied on a variety of philosophical frameworks, including phenomenology, analytic philosophy, 4E cognition, and Material Engagement Theory. In this introduction, we reflect briefly on all fourteen contributions, and identify some common themes and points of complementarity. By bringing these perspectives together, we hope to inspire further philosophical inquiry into the vast expanse of human prehistory.
Bhaskara Law and Thermal Expansion: Redefining the Principles of Energy Interaction
Authors: Baskaran Mathan Babu
Published: February 2025

Thermodynamics is a well-established field that explains energy interactions when they involve the disturbance of  a single fundamental force or property. However, it is often misunderstood as a comprehensive theory for all energy-related phenomena. In reality, thermodynamics is not designed to address situations where multiple fundamental forces or properties are simultaneously disturbed. This paper highlights the limitations of thermodynamics in such cases and presents examples like the Curie effect and mercury thermal expansion, where multiple forces come into play and thermodynamics alone is insufficient to explain the underlying mechanisms.
Trauma exposure, psychological symptoms and shame- and guilt-proneness in young adults
Authors: Cavalera Cesare , Oasi Osmano
Published: February 2025

This study aims to explore the relationships between trauma exposure, shame- and guilt-proneness, and the subsequent development of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Disturbances in Self-Organization (DSO) symptoms in young adults. The central hypothesis is that trauma exposure is linked to the emergence of PTSD and DSO, with shame and guilt serving as key mediators in this relationship.The study will involve young adults participants. The investigation will examine how trauma exposure contributes to the onset of PTSD and DSO, while focusing on the role that shame- and guilt-proneness may play as mediators.We anticipate finding notable correlations between shame-proneness and PTSD/DSO symptoms, as well as between guilt-proneness and PTSD/DSO symptoms. Additionally, trauma exposure is expected to predict PTSD, DSO, and both guilt- and shame-proneness. Indirect effects are also anticipated, suggesting that trauma exposure influences the development of PTSD and DSO through its impact on guilt- and shame-proneness.The findings from this study may offer important insights into the emotional regulation mechanisms that underlie trauma-related disorders, highlighting the potential for interventions that focus on shame- and guilt-proneness in the treatment of trauma survivors. Future research will delve into the role of these emotions in the development of Complex PTSD and examine how they contribute to the progression of trauma-related symptoms.
Goal-driven information search biases create polarization and extremism during the accumulation of qualitative evidence
Authors: Alaukik Abhay , Kvam Peter D.
Published: February 2025

Information search biases contribute to the formation and exacerbation of polarization andextremism across many types of beliefs. These biases can be induced by different goals,manifesting even in rational decision strategies that maximize choice efficiency. In this paper,we explore how information sampling can be biased toward or away from extreme andpolarized information, focusing on the case where people consider qualitative multi-criteriainformation about their options. Specifically, we examine how the incentives of a choice taskcan lead to biased information search, while comparison or rating tasks can promote deeperinformation search and ameliorate or even reverse these biases. Across three studies, we (1)create ecologically valid information environments by having participants generate qualitativeinformation they might consider when making a judgment or decision, (2) quantify the strengthand extremeness of participant-generated pieces of information (attributes), and (3) track howparticipants sample this information in different goal conditions. We show that comparison andrating goals – where people rate the relative goodness of each option or rate them separately –can reduce the extremeness of participants’ beliefs and degree of polarization relative to choicegoals where they simply decide between the options. This benefit occurs even when participantssample from the same pool of information (i.e., have the same information environment) acrossdifferent tasks. Put together, our results suggest that comparison and rating goals can serve asbias-reducing interventions that promote more balanced information sampling across domainseven for qualitative and multi-criteria information.
Learning generalizable representations through efficient coding
Authors: Fang Zeming , Sims Chris R.
Published: February 2025

Reinforcement learning (RL), an influential framework for understanding human learning, explains human behavior as aimed at maximizing reward. However, this approach offers limited insights into human generalization. Here, we propose refining classical RL by incorporating the efficient coding principle, which emphasizes maximizing reward using the simplest necessary representations. This refined framework predicts that intelligent agents, constrained by simpler representations, will inevitably develop the abilities to 1) distill environmental stimuli into fewer, abstract internal states; and 2) detect and utilize rewarding environmental features. Consequently, complex stimuli are mapped to compact representations, forming the basis for generalization. In two experiments, we demonstrate that, whereas classical RL models focusing on maximizing reward fail in generalization, an efficient coding model that learns compact representations achieves human-level generalization performance. We argue that efficient coding, rather than reward maximization, represents a more suitable computational goal for understanding human behavior, in terms of both learning and generalization.
The Bullshitting Frequency Scale: Development and psychometric properties
Authors: Littrell Shane , Fugelsang Jonathan Albert
Published: February 2025

Recent psychological research has identified important individual differences associated with receptivity to bullshit, which has greatly enhanced our understanding of the processes behind susceptibility to pseudo-profound or otherwise misleading information. However, the bulk of this research attention has focused on cognitive and dispositional factors related to bullshit (the product), while largely overlooking the influences behind bullshitting (the act). Here, we present results from four studies (focusing on the construction and validation of a new, reliable scale measuring the frequency with which individuals engage in two types of bullshitting (persuasive and evasive) in everyday situations. Overall, bullshitting frequency was negatively associated with sincerity, honesty, cognitive ability, open-minded cognition, and self-regard. Additionally, the Bullshitting Frequency Scale was found to reliably measure constructs that are: 1) distinct from lying, and; 2) significantly related to performance on overclaiming and social decision tasks. These results represent an important step forward by demonstrating the utility of the Bullshitting Frequency Scale as well as highlighting certain individual differences that may play important roles in the extent to which individuals engage in everyday bullshitting.
Eliciting Risk Perceptions: Does Conditional Question Wording Have a Downside?
Authors: Strueder Jeremy , Miller Jane Elizabeth , Windschitl Paul D.
Published: February 2025

Background: For assessing the impact of risk perceptions on prevention efforts or behavior change, best practices involve conditional risk measures, which ask people to estimate their risk contingent on a course of action (e.g., “if not vaccinated”). Purpose: To determine whether the use of conditional wording—and its drawing of attention to one specific contingency—has an important downside that could lead researchers to overestimate the true relationship between perceptions of risk and intended prevention behavior. Methods: In an online experiment, U.S. participants from Amazon’s MTurk (N=750) were presented with information about an unfamiliar fungal disease and then randomly assigned among three conditions. In all conditions, participants were asked to estimate their risk for the disease (i.e., subjective likelihood) and to decide whether they would get vaccinated. In two conditional-wording conditions (one of which involved a delayed decision), participants were asked about their risk if they did not get vaccinated. For an unconditional/benchmark condition, this conditional was not explicitly stated but was still formally applicable because participants had not yet been informed that a vaccine was even available for this disease. Results: When people gave risk estimates to a conditionally-worded risk question after making a decision, the observed relationship between perceived risk and prevention decisions was inflated (relative to in the unconditional/benchmark condition). Conclusions: The use of conditionals in risk questions can lead to overestimates of the impact of perceived risk on prevention decisions, but not necessarily to a degree that should call for their omission.
Quality Over Quantity: Focusing on High-Conflict Trials to Improve the Reliability and Validity of Attentional Control Measures
Authors: Moretti Luca , Koch Iring , Hornjak Raphael , von Bastian Claudia Christina
Published: February 2025

In conflict tasks, congruency effects are thought to reflect attentional control mechanisms needed to counteract response conflict elicited by incongruent stimuli. Although congruency effects are well-replicable experimentally, recent studies have evidenced low correlations between congruency effects measured across different paradigms, leading to a heated debate over whether these low correlations indicate a lack of construct validity or are rather attributable to high measurement error, as indicated by the poor reliability typically displayed by congruency effects. In the present study, we investigated whether the poor reliabilities of congruency effects are due to their poor theoretical specification. Specifically, we tested whether the psychometric properties of congruency effects can be improved by focusing exclusively on those trials in which response conflict is theoretically expected to be highest. We considered two factors modulating the degree of response conflict: previous trial congruency, with higher conflict following congruent trials, and the time elapsed since stimulus onset, with higher conflict in fast responses. Data from 195 participants completing a Simon and a spatial Stroop paradigm showed that generally poor split-half reliabilities for the full set of trials improved greatly when excluding post-incongruent and slow trials. Importantly, between-task correlations also increased substantially when controlling for these factors, suggesting that, with increased reliability, these tasks capture a common attentional control ability. Our results suggest that individual differences in conflict tasks can provide valid and reliable measures of attentional control when focusing on the trials with the theoretically highest response conflict.
Right-wing Populism in a Global Perspective: The Necessity for an Integrative Theory
Authors: Hosseini S A Hamed , Saha Lawrence , Adamczyk Elizabeth
Published: February 2025

This chapter not only presents a critical review of the contemporary academic literature regarding the “social nature” (basic characteristics), “social manifestations,” and “social nurtures” (determining factors, roots, bases, and impacts) of Right-Wing Populism (RWP), but also initiates a conversation to pursue a new consolidative line of theorization of RWP. It starts by addressing the existing theoretical shortcomings in social scientific contributions to global studies of populism, highlighting theoretical inconsistencies and gaps in the literature. These, as argued, distort the potentials for constructing encompassing conceptual frameworks necessary to theorize the rise of new RWP in the current context of global social change. The resultant critical review is structured around three main aspects of studying RWP in the recent literature: (1) conceptual inconsistencies around its social nature; (2) disagreements on the “social manifestations” of RWP as a social phenomenon or form; and (3) divisions around explaining the “nurtures” of RWP that have given (a global) rise to RWP and have influenced its evolution in multiple forms. In concluding, the chapter will make general recommendations on how to develop an integrative theoretical framework with the capacity to both address the unnecessary conceptual inconsistencies and divisions, and to synthesize the currently unrelated explanatory efforts at the macro-, meso-, and microlevels.