bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF AWARENESS, KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND SCREENING OF ORAL CANCER AMONG DENTAL PRACTITIONERS AND DENTAL STUDENTS- AN ONLINE QUESTIONAIRE BASED CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Kaur Gurpreet , Kaur Navneet , Angral Aaina , Jhatta Deeksha Ahuja
Published: July 2021

Background: Oral cancer is a silent invasive disease with poor prognosis and more than 60 % of these cases were diagnosed in later stages. Early diagnosis of the malignancy greatly increased survival rates as the mouth is easily accessible for self or clinical examination. Lack of awareness among dental practitioners and health care providers is the most significant factor in delaying diagnosis and treatment of oral cancer.

Aim & Objective: 1) To assess the level of knowledge and awareness regarding oral cancer, its clinical presentation and associated risk factors among dental practitioners and dental students.2) To explore dentists’ attitude regarding their role in screening, detection and prevention of oral cancer.

Material & Methods:   A cross sectional online survey was conducted on 300 dental practitioners and dental students, who are working and studying in recognized dental institutes and dental clinics receptively in the area around tri-city. A validated questionnaire   survey comprised of 29 questions regarding a basic knowledge and awareness, and attitude and screening of oral cancer was distributed randomly among the participants. The Performa was distributed through electronic media and all the participants filled the questionnaire Performa. Performa was based on the demographic data and to raise the awareness, knowledge, attitude and screening of oral cancer among dental practitioners and dental students. All the data were collected, tabulated and analysed using SPSS software 20.

Results:  A total of 300 dental practitioners and dental students were approached, of which 273 participated in the study. The response rate of the study was 91%.  Among the various risk factors for causing oral cancer, the use of alcohol was identified as a major risk factor by 267 (97.8%) dentists. The high-risk age group for oral cancer was identified in between 40-60 years by 246 (90.1%) dentists. Two hundred and forty-four (89.4%) dentists strongly agreed that patients should be referred to specialists if they suspected oral cancer in any lesion. Majority 97.8% of the dentists routinely practiced complete oral cavity examination on all patients who attended their practice.

Conclusion:  It can be concluded that though the mean knowledge and awareness, attitude, practice and screening about oral cancer among specialized dentists was good but there is a need to improve the knowledge and practices of risk factors for oral cancer among general dental practitioners by either collaborative approach by various specialties or by arranging continuous educational programs for them.

Keywords: Oral cancer, oral cancer awareness, Poor oral hygiene, screening, Risk factors, Dental professionals
Escola Teatro Bolshoi No Rio De Janeiro: Integração Entre Arte, Educação, Arquitetura
Authors: Santos Vanessa Lessa Fraga dos , Salgado Mônica Santos
Published: July 2021

O presente projeto é o resultado da reflexão sobre temas como o balé clássico, a arte, o ensino tradicional do Brasil e a arquitetura, como cada um está relacionado e como inseri-los na composição de um projeto arquitetônico, tendo sido apresentado como requisito para a obtenção de grau na faculdade de arquitetura e urbanismo da UFRJ. Buscou-se um conceito que pudesse reunir todas as intenções projetuais e que fizesse a correlação entre a arte do balé clássico, a arte da arquitetura e o programa de necessidades para o empreendimento. A arte de projetar não deve simplesmente seguir padrões, parâmetros e formas rígidas e, nesse contexto, buscou-se desenvolver uma arquitetura fluida, leve e que tivesse características das artes e do balé clássico. Para isto, verificou-se a forma que o corpo da bailarina executa os passos de balé e como o eixo desse corpo possibilita os movimentos e a fluidez dos passos da coreografia. Não existe um “certo ou errado” ao realizar um projeto o que precisa ser levado em consideração são as diretrizes, necessidades e especificações para cada público, espaço físico ou cultura local. O projeto Escola do Ballet Bolshoi no Rio de Janeiro agrega os conhecimentos em dança, com aulas práticas e teóricas de ballet, jazz, contemporâneo, flamenca, sapateado e danças folclóricas ao ensino médio de formação realizado no Brasil. Os alunos aprendem técnicas de vídeo e música, além de terem aulas práticas e teóricas de música, o que amplia ainda mais a sua formação em dança, tornando-os bailarinos mais completos.
Neoplasia Maligna De Laringe: Um Perfil Epidemiológico No Centro Oeste Brasileiro No Ano De 2013 – 2021
Authors: Amorim Leidiany Alves de , Espósito Mario Pinheiro , Bazzo Maria Luiza Veronese , Aureliano Neto Raul Ivo , Pelizer Carlos Antônio Albuquerque , Espósito Guilherme Soriano Pinheiro , Pereira Neto Alonso Alves
Published: July 2021

Esse artigo tem por objetivo analisar e descrever o perfil dos atendimentos de Neoplasia Maligna de Laringe (NML) no Centro Oeste Brasileiro, durante os anos de 2013 a 2021. O NML representa cerca de 25% dos tumores malignos de cabeça e pescoço. Deste modo, o artigo se compõe através de um estudo transversal dos atendimentos de NML, na base de dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). No Brasil, o NML é uma doença que incide em 31767 pessoas, e é o câncer que mais acomete a região da cabeça e do pescoço. Na literatura se encontrou uma média de 2102 casos na região Centro-Oeste, representando cerca de 6% da população total de doentes brasileiros. As maiores incidências se destinam ao gênero masculino, já que os homens são mais propensos ao tabagismo e ao etilismo, ademais a média de idade é de 55 a 64 anos. A intervenção cirúrgica é a melhor opção para essa patologia, entretanto a quimioterapia também é muito usada. Além do tabagismo e do elitismo, o estresse e o mau uso da voz também são possíveis causadores do câncer. Cabe, portanto, ao otorrinolaringologista reconhecer o tumor através dos exames de imagem e a clínica que se representa pela dor garganta, a dificuldade de deglutição, hábitos sociais, ocupação, hábitos de vida, entre outros. O diagnóstico rápido e precoce pode reduzir as complicações, os encaminhamentos desnecessários e remediar a morte.
Identity Politics and National Integration; A Case Study of the Sunni-Shia Conflict in Sampang, 2012
Authors: Rohmah Neneng Sobibatu
Published: July 2021

This research attempts to examine the identity politics conflicts that occur between Sunni-Shia in Sampang. This conflict was based on religious identity that is used as a force in exerting pressure on different groups. On the other hand, national integration is needed as a form of acknowledging and accommodating differences through policies issued. Integration must be a two-way adaptation process involving changes in values, norms and behaviors. This study aims is also to determine whether the Sunni-Shia conflict in Sampang which is motivated by identity politics has now reached the direction of national integration or not. David Miller's theory of identity politics and Chantal Lacroix's national integration was used in this study. The methodology used is qualitative specifically with a case study approach. The findings showed that the Sunni-Shia conflict in Sampang has been seen towards integration of Tajul Muluk attitude and his followers’ decision to leave their faith and return to the doctrines of the majority community, Sunni. This makes the absence of a two-way adaptation process appears by abandoning their beliefs and following the wishes of the majority. The role of the state in fighting for freedom of religion and belief in Indonesia was very weak even though the constitution in Indonesia guarantees freedom of religion is strong enough. Therefore, the application of their efforts should have some supervisions.
Konsep tarbiyyah ruhiyyah Abu Al-Hasan Ali Al-Nadwi
Authors: Kamil Imanuddin , Hafidhuddin Didin , Mujahidin Endin , Tamam Abbas Mansur
Published: July 2021

This article aims to determine the urgency of tarbiyyah ruhiyyah and how the concept of fostering tarbiyyah ruhiyyah according to the view of Abu Al-Hasan Ali Al-Nadwi. This research method is a library research study using content analysis method in the form of descriptive-analytical. with primary sources by Abu Al-Hasan Ali Al-Nadwi Rabbȃniyyah lȃ Rahbȃniyyah, Mȃdzȃ Khasira Al-'Ȃlam bi Inhitȃti Al-Muslimȋn, and Al-'Aqȋdah wa Al-'Ibȃdah wa Al-Sulȗk. In Al-Nadwi's view, tarbiyyah rȗhiyyah must be based on an aqidah basis and a solid footing that places tarbiyyah rȗhiyyah as one of the missions of nubuwwah, the equivalent of ihsan and as inner fiqih which is an inherent part of shari'ah. The coaching process includes six main components, namely dhikr, shuhbah Al-Shaykh, and mu'ȃsyarah, then Al-hubb and ikhlas. The implementation model relies on coaching based on the right aqidah, referring to the Qur'an, Al-Sunnah, shari'ah and the prophet's sirah with the strategy of coaching based on the strength of the shaykh, habituation, and transmission through the establishment of a conducive environment, and strategic focus. learning is directed at strengthening the relationship with Allah SWT.

 

Abstrak

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui urgensi tarbiyyah ruhiyyah dan bagaimana konsep pembinaan tarbiyyah ruhiyyah menurut pandangan Abu Al-Hasan Ali Al-Nadwi. Metode penelitian ini adalah studi riset kepustakaan (library research) dengan menggunakan metode analisis isi (content analysis) yaitu berupa deskriptif-analitis. dengan sumber primer karya Abu Al-Hasan Ali Al-Nadwi Rabbȃniyyah lȃ Rahbȃniyyah, Mȃdzȃ Khasira Al-'Ȃlam bi Inhitȃti Al-Muslimȋn, dan Al-‘Aqȋdah wa Al-‘Ibȃdah wa Al-Sulȗk. Dalam pandangan Al-Nadwi, tarbiyyah rȗhiyyah harus dilandasi oleh dasar akidah dan pijakan yang kokoh yang menempatkan tarbiyyah rȗhiyyah sebagai salah satu misi nubuwwah, padanan dari ihsan dan sebagai fiqih bathin yang menjadi bagian inheren dari syariah. Proses pembinaannya meliputi enam komponen utama yaitu dzikir, shuhbah Al-Syaikh, dan mu’ȃsyarah, kemudian Al-hubb dan ikhlas. Model implementasi bertumpu pada pembinaan yang berlandaskan pada akidah yang benar, mengacu pada Al-Qur’an, Al-Sunnah, syariah serta sirah nabi dengan strategi pembinaannya bertumpu pada kekuatan syaikh, pembiasaan dan penularan melalui pembentukan lingkungan yang kondusif, dan fokus strategi pembelajaran diarahkan pada penguatan hubungan dengan Allah Swt.
Strategi pembelajaran jarak jauh di SMP Plus Daarul Ahgaff dalam situasi wabah pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Sari Dita Atika , Khamid Abdul
Published: July 2021

The research aims to find out about the long-distance learning strategy during the covid-19 pandemic at junior high school plus Daarul Ahgaff. Then the supporting factors of the performance of long-distance learning, and the slowdown factors. The study involves a qualitative approach. Primary data are collected using the Google form and secondary data from related articles and literature. From the study, it is known that long-range learning strategies utilize online technology as a learning medium. The contributing factors include learning activities online, enhancing teachers' and students’ ability to harness technology, and enhancing teacher and disciple creativity. And not all students have android phones, no direct interaction of teachers and students, and his fees will be internet expenses.

 

Abstrak

Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mengetahui tentang strategi pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh pada masa pandemi covid-19 di SMP Plus Daarul Ahgaff. Lalu faktor pendukung dari pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh, dan faktor penghambatnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data primer dikumpulkan menggunakan Google form dan data sekunder dari artikel dan literatur terkait. Dari penelitian tersebut diketahui, strategi pembelajaran jarak jauh memanfaatkan teknologi daring sebagai media pembelajaran. Adapun faktor pendukung di antaranya adanya aktivitas pembelajaran secara daring, meningkatkan kemampuan para guru dan murid dalam memanfaatkan teknologi, dan meningkatkan kreativitas guru serta murid. Dan faktor penghambat tidak semuanya siswa memiliki HP android, tidak adanya interaksi langsung Guru dan murid, dan borosnya akan pengeluaran biaya internet.
Levantamento sobre hábitos de leitura e escrita entre estudantes de engenharia
Authors: Giani de Resende Rafaela , Pelegrini Tristão Sofia , Rocha Neto José Thiago da , Gaydeczka Beatriz
Published: July 2021

Este artigo, produto da experiência de uma sequência didática para aprendizagem de gêneros acadêmicos, visa a apresentar dados de um levantamento sobre os hábitos de leitura e escrita entre estudantes de engenharia. Foi aplicado um instrumento online (Google Forms) com cinco questões (abertas e fechadas) sobre o tema. Verificou-se que grande parte dos estudantes possuem o hábito de leitura, sendo que a maioria se dedica a ler artigos e livros acadêmicos. A respeito do hábito de escrita, observou-se que ocorre em frequência menor e está vinculada às necessidades do curso, destacando-se como maiores dificuldades: a) transferir as ideias para o papel; b) organizar as ideias de forma coerente. De maneira geral, a existência de disciplinas que enfoquem escrita específica para estudantes de engenharia, juntamente com o esforço do próprio aluno, auxiliaria utilização de técnicas para desenvolver a escrita tanto pessoal quanto profissionalmente, como produção de textos técnicos, manuais de instrução ou normas operacionais.
Rap: a literatura marginal (periférica) como metodologia no ensino da Língua Portuguesa
Authors: Soares da Costa Marcus Vinícius
Published: July 2021

Uma reflexão sobre os métodos tradicionais de ensino da língua portuguesa é necessária. Para tal, o presente artigo visa trazer o conceito de literatura marginal (periférica) para o contexto escolar, apresentando a música e o gênero musical rap como estratégias para o ensino da língua, uma vez que despertam o interesse dos alunos para as aulas. Por meio de conceitos e contextualizações, este estudo acentua a importância do uso da música no ensino, independente da disciplina, revelando uma estratégia para o uso do rap nas aulas, com um relato de experiência de um projeto do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID).
Uma análise do Livro Didático numa perspectiva da Linguística Aplicada
Authors: Furtado Ieck Franklin , Jaehn Troina Rosane
Published: July 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo a análise da unidade 2 do livro didático Jornadas. Port: Língua Portuguesa, 2ª edição e de 9º ano, das autoras Delmanto & Carvalho (2012, p. 52-67) sob uma perspectiva da Linguística Aplicada, visando a sistematização dos conteúdos trabalhados na perspectiva dos gêneros discursivos e levando em consideração a forma como foram apresentadas as questões geais que envolvem, leitura, produção textual e conhecimentos de língua e gramática.
Kinerja Keuangan Kabupaten Belitung Timur: Kontribusi Dan Efektivitas Hasil Pengelolaan Kakayaan Daerah Yang Dipisahkan Sebagai Sumber Pendapatan Asli Daerah
Authors: Aqdas Awliya , Zukhri Nizwan , Yanuar Dony
Published: July 2021

The research aims to analyze the contribution and effectiveness as well as influence of the result of thesegregated asset management as local own-source revenue. The method used was descriptive statistics with ratioanalysis and simple linear regression analysis. The data used were secondary in the form of the regional incomereport of East Belitung Regency from 2015-2019. The result showed that the average contribution of the segregatedregional asset management is 3.34 persen that classified as very low. The average effectiveness ratio is 100.08persen which is classified as very effective. The simple linear regression test result showed that the contribution ofthe segregated regional asset management has a positive and significant effect on the local own-source revenue ofthe East Belitung Regency.
Design a CRLH Antenna for MIMO Applications with Single and Dual Band
Authors: Al-Ani Nada M. Khalil , Shareef Al-Ani Oras A. , Mosleh Mahmood F. , Abd-Alhameed Read A.
Published: July 2021

A design of MIMO antenna with four elements each one consists of two polarized ports is proposed in this research. The design of each elements based on ZORA which is applied to get the advantage of band frequency flexibility. The proposed MIMO antenna is operated as a single and dual band by adjusting a ground structure. The resonance frequency is 3.9 GHz for single band with bandwidth 1 GHz (3.4–4.4) GHz at -10 dB with −27 dB isolation. The resonance frequencies for dual band are 4.95 and 7 GHz with bandwidth 1.23 GHz (4.03–5.26) GHz and 410 MHz (6.88–7.29) GHz at −10 dB and less than −12 dB isolation for both bands. The obtained size of FR-4 PCB for single band is 77 × 150 mm2 while 82 × 150 mm2 for dual band which are suitable for future smartphone.
PROCEDURAL PARALLEL AND APPROACHES BETWEEN DECISIONS AND TRADE NEGOTIATIONS
Authors: Lupu Felicia Adriana
Published: July 2021

In a conscious or less conscious way, in each moment of its existence, the organization negotiates. Any negotiation assumes the fact that the negotiator has to approach at least one decisional situation and has to make at least one decision.
Making decisions when negotiating, negotiators manifests their reasoning, proving the fact that they can approach decisional situations. Approaching the negotiation process by a string of decisional sequences, the entire theory regarding decision making may underline the process of negotiation, providing efficiency to the resources allocated within the process of negotiation and underlining the most equitable way and the most advantageous to follow for the team of negotiators.
On the basis of these ideas further questions can be put. Could any similarity be identified when comparing the decisional process to the result of a commercial negotiation? Do the negotiation’s objectives determine the characteristics and particularities of the decisions to be made by each of the parts during the negotiation process?
Taking into account both the literature regarding the subject and the practical experience of the author in SMES’s (Small and medium sized enterprise) management, using the analogy and deduction methods, this paper aims to identify procedural similarities between decisions and negotiations, reconsidering the role of the processes that have a managerial character.
Tracing such approaches may have multiple and major implications and is meant to underline the importance of the decisional process when it comes to negotiating.
Key words: decisional process, negotiations, competitive advantage, procedural approach.
ETHICAL EVALUATION OF MARKETING ACTIONS ACCORDING TO THE CONSUMERS
Authors: Łodziana-Grabowska Joanna
Published: July 2021

Ethics is one of significant and at the same time indispensable aspects of operations by contemporary organisations. It should constitute the benchmark for the direction of actions both inside the organisation and within its external relations. The evaluation of marketing actions, addressed first of all to consumers, should facilitate the resolution of decision-related problems as well as prevent their arising.
The research was aimed at recognising the respondents’ opinion on the contemporary marketing practice towards the customer.
Based on the applied dependency method and primary data the respondents’ opinion on the contemporary practice of marketing towards the customer is presented in the article. The research results confirm the thesis that the ethical behaviour is beneficial for companies since the consumers choose products offered by the companies being in compliance with the principles of ethics and values recognized by the purchaser.
One should remember that the ethical behaviour does not simply consist in avoidance of evil acts. The marketing specialist following the ethical code of conduct recognises that the position held by him/ her in the society also signifies certain commitments.
Key words: consumer attitude, ethics, marketing.
Evaluation and demonstration of leguminous shrubs hedgerows intercropping with maize crop
Authors: Lemage B , Tsegaye M , Anmaw Y
Published: July 2021

Smallholder farmers influenced from the challenges of production constraints to afford farm family with surplus food. To improve this problem the present study was designed to evaluate legume shrubs hedgerow intercropping with maize. In the present study, the growth performance of Sesbania sesban and Cajanus cajan was evaluated to determine their potential in hedgerow intercropping. The result revealed that Sesbania sesban performs better than Cajanus cajan in terms of biomass provision in the successive pruning, mean height, branching, diameter at breast height and root collar diameter. Biomass produced from Sesbania sesban was significantly higher than Cajanus cajan, this plays great role in soil nutrient improvement and maize yield also increased. There was an increasing trend in soil properties in terms of organic C, total N, in legume treatments especially in Sesbania sesban hedgerow to the initial and control soils. Maize grain yield higher under Sesbania sesban hedgerow plot than Cajanus cajan, maize with fertilizer and control. This should be intensively demonstrated to sustain the agricultural production as an organic farming through integration of easily adapting, less competing with the companion crop, deep rooted and fast growing legume tree/shrub species. Further research is important in areas of determining decomposing rate of different parts, pruned biomass and potential species should be identified.

Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(1): 60-68, June 2021
Effect of decision variables on yield and water productivity of onion under conventional furrow irrigation system in bako woreda, Ethiopia
Authors: Genemo G , Seyoum T
Published: July 2021

Flow rate and furrow length are the main irrigation decision variables currently affecting yield and water productivity at farm level. Improper selection of these variables produces an over use of water and loss in crop production. The general objective was to investigate the effect of decision variables on yield and water productivity of onion under conventional furrow irrigation system, with specific objective to analyze the effect of flow rate, furrow length and their interaction on yield and water productivity of onion. The field experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement of three levels of flow rate (0.7, 0.98 and 1.3 L/S) and three levels of furrow length (25, 35 and 50 m) with three replications. Inflow out flow method was used to determine the infiltration characteristics of the soil and Irrigation depth was controlled by using 3-inch Parshall flume. The maximum non-erosive flow rate to the experimental site was fixed through design equation considering soil textural class and furrow bed slope. Effect of furrow length and flow rate on yield and water productivity of the onion were used for evaluation. Their analyses indicated that effect of furrow length and their interaction with flow rate on yield were not significant (p<0.05). However, the flow rate showed highly significant (p<0.01) effect on yield of onion. The ranges of mean yield gained from furrow length and flow rate were F1 (14.75 ton ha-1) to F3 (15.96 ton ha-1) and Q1 (13.59 ton ha-1) to Q3 (19.69 ton ha-1), respectively. The effect of furrow length on crop water use efficiency and field water use efficiency was not significant (p<0.05). However, the flow rate has showed highly significant (p<0.01) effect on crop water use efficiency and field water use efficiency. The range of mean crop water use efficiency and field water use efficiency from furrow length and flow rate were F1 (33.65 kg/ha/mm) to F3 (36.41 kg/ha/mm) and Q1 (30.99 kg/ha/mm) to Q3 (38.65kg/ha/mm) and F1 (2.06 kg/m3) to F3 (2.23 kg/m3) and Q1 (1.89 kg/m3) to Q3 (2.36 kg/m3), respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that a furrow length of 50 m is suitable to use 1.3 L/S of flow rate for better onion yield and water productivity under similar soil type of study area.

Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(1): 92-100, June 2021
Effectiveness of local microorganisms (LMO) coconut pulp on composting time
Authors: Darwel - , Selvia R , Fadillah F , Mahaza - , Zicof E
Published: July 2021

Compost can be used to reduce waste, it formed naturally, but it will take a long time, around 6-12 months. Bioactivators accelerate composting process; one of them is a solution of LMO (Local Microorganism) coconut pulp. The purpose of this study to determine the effectiveness of LMO coconut pulp for the composting time. The method in this research is quasi-experimental. This study consists of 3 treatments with 5 replications. Treatment 1 composting with the addition of LMO coconut pulp 50,000 ppm; treatment 2 composting with the addition of LMO coconut pulp 100,000 ppm; treatment 3 composting with the addition of LMO coconut pulp 200,000 ppm. The materials used in this study are vegetables and sawdust and the composting process carried out aerobically. From the observations, the average time to compile with LMO coconut pulp 50,000 ppm is 21.00 (21 days), 100,000 ppm 18.60 (19 days) and 200,000 ppm 18.20 (18 days). Based on the ANOVA test, the p value is 0.0001 (p <0.05) which means that H0 rejected, that there is a significant difference in composting time using LMO coconut pulp 50,000 ppm, 100,000 ppm, and 200,000 ppm. The most significant difference is between compost with LMO coconut pulp 50,000 ppm and compost with LMO coconut pulp 200,000 ppm. It is recommended for the further researchers using other types of waste, and test the quality of compost produced especially C/N compost. The community can use coconut pulp as a bioactivator in accelerating the composting process.

Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(1): 109-116, June 2021
Spatiotemporal patterns of carrion biomass of marine tetrapods at the ocean-land interface on the southern Brazilian coastline
Authors: Tavares M , Alvares DJ , Borges-Martins M
Published: July 2021

Quantifying how much carrion is produced temporally and spatially in ecosystems is considered one of the most important aspects of carrion ecology. Marine-derived inputs transferred from the ocean to terrestrial ecosystems are the principal source of energy and biomass for many coastal ecosystems. Here, we provide a comprehensive quantification of the carrion biomass of marine tetrapods across space and time at the ocean-land interface on the Brazilian coastline. Based on 3 large datasets, we estimated carrion biomass of 57274 marine tetrapods beached along 1980 km of coastline over a 3 yr period (2016-2019). A total of 1744986 kg of carrion biomass was estimated from 76 species, ranging from a total of 30 g to 14082 kg for each species. The 10 most abundant species accounted for 91.78% of total records but only 21.28% of total estimated biomass. We highlight the importance of both migratory and resident marine tetrapods as a predictable resource for the Brazilian coastline, especially in the winter and spring. Although baleen whales contributed higher values of carrion biomass, their true availability as a food source is affected by management procedures adopted after stranding events. A significant amount of carrion biomass is removed every year from the Brazilian coastal system. It is therefore imperative to assess the impacts of management procedures on the ecology of scavengers and the entire coastal system.
Balance between biological and physical components in the impact of Mytilus edulis on associated organisms
Authors: Khalaman VV , Golubovskaya NS , Komendantov AY , Malavenda SS , Manoylina PA , Mikhaylova TA , Raznovskaya SV
Published: July 2021

An ecosystem engineer’s influence on associated organisms includes 2 components: physical and biological. The physical component is the spatial environment created by the ecosystem engineer, while the biological component is the physiological activity of the engineering species. However, little is known about the ratio between these components. We evaluated this ratio for Mytilus edulis L. by means of a field experiment in which communities of organisms that developed on bare ceramic plates (controls, C) were compared with those that formed on plates carrying patches of live mussels (L) or artificial patches made of mussel dummies (D). The experiment was performed using 2 different age-size groups of mussels and dummies (small-young and large-old). Live mussels had only a weak positive effect on species richness of the associated organisms, but the structure of the communities that formed on tests plates (L, D and C) differed significantly. The similarity of the communities of associated organisms between C and L was 1.5-3 times less than between C and D. Mussel size-age factor had no significant effect on community structure other than on the algal assemblage. The results of this experiment suggest that the influence of mussels on associated organisms cannot be reduced to only the effect of increasing complexity of the spatial environment. The influence of the biological component is significant and can exceed that of the physical component. Thus, in ecosystem engineering, non-living spatial structures cannot serve as an identical substitute for a population of living organisms.
THE IMAGE OF FLIGHT ATTENDANTS FROM THE FLIGHT ATTENDANTS AND AIRLINE CONSUMERS’ POINTS OF VIEW
Authors: Simorangkir Deborah
Published: July 2021

The flight attendant profession is dominated by women, which may lead to the notion that this profession is one of the few in which women are not experiencing gender discrimination. However, research findings have shown that over time, feminization leads to a decline in status and remuneration, and thus must be understood and monitored because it may be camouflaging the continuous reality of gender inequity. This paper revisits the issue of gender stereotypes in flight attendants given new views of what makes for effective flight attendance. The work of flight attendants has been long regarded as ‘women’s work’, focusing on performing a commercialized version of the caring and service activities carried out for centuries in the domestication of women. Some images of female cabin crew in the past have included: nurse, mother, and sexual objects. Though major changes have occurred in the Western airline industry in the 1970s, Asian airlines, however, still enforce such restrictions as height, weight, age, and beauty on their female cabin crew members. Three Indonesian flight attendants from major Asian airlines were interviewed to analyze their perceptions of their profession and how they think Indonesia society views them. A survey was also conducted on 100 Indonesians to analyze their perception on the identity of flight attendants. Interview results show that while, flight attendants believe that Indonesian society still cling on to the old images of flight attendants as air hostesses who are often regarded as sex objects, whereas survey results actually show that this image has changed.
PENGARUH TERAPI AKUPRESUR TERHADAP INTENSITAS NYERI HHAID (DISMENORE) PADA MAHASISWA KEBIDANAN INSTITUT KESEHATAN MITRA BUNDA 2020
Authors: Husaidah Siti
Published: July 2021

The period of menarche in Indonesia has reached 60-70% who experience dysmenorrhea and cause women to be unable to carry out activities and reduce women's quality of life. This study aims to describe the effect of acupressure therapy on the intensity of menstrual pain. This type of quantitative research is a quasi-experimental design with a one group pretest-posttest approach with sampling using a purposive sampling technique using 100 respondents from April 20 to June 21 2020. The data was obtained from a questionnaire and processed using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed the overall data of the variable dysmenorrhea pre test - post test in the intervention group Asymp value. The significance is 0.000 <0.05, while the control group has Asymp value. The significance is 1,000 > 0.05, so it can be concluded that the results of the analysis of changes in the pain scale pre-test - post-test in the intervention group showed a significant change between the pre-test and post-test pain scales. It can be seen from the measurement results of the Mean Rank pain scale before therapy is 0.00 and Mean Rank after therapy is 25.50 which means there is a decrease in the intensity of menstrual pain. Based on the results of the research above, adolescents need to add information and understanding through various mass media to equip themselves in dealing with complementary menstrual pain
IMPLEMENTASI KOMBINASI MEDIA KOMUNIKASI ONLINE DALAM PENDIDIKAN GIZI PRAKONSEPSI GENERASI MILENIAL
Authors: Aziizah Yusnia Nur , Nur Afifah Choirul Anna
Published: July 2021

Preconception nutrition education is one of the iefforts to prepare the millennial generation to face marriage and produce healthy and quality offspring. The characteristics of millennial generation who understand information technology and the occurrence of a pandemic are the reasons to use online communication media in nutrition education. This study aims to determine the most effective combination of online communication media (Microsoft Sway-Whatsapp and Microsoft Sway-Zoom Cloud Meeting) used in preconception nutrition education for the millennial generation. The study used a quasi-experimental method with a nonequivalent control group pre-test and post-test design. Samples of 60 people obtained by the purposive sampling technique. Quantitative data on nutritional knowledge between groups were analyzed by independent t-test. Research shows that using a combination of online communication media can effectively improve educational outcomes. There is no significant difference in the results of millennial nutrition education in the use of the two combinations of online communication media, but the use of the Microsoft Sway-Whatsapp combination is considered to give better results because it is considered practical, easy to use, and does not require more quota pulses. The use of online communication media in education is necessary. considering media capabilities, internet network, and access costs for optimally goals.
ENDOGENOUS GROWTH THEORY : PENGARUH BELANJA KESEHATAN DAN PENDIDIKAN TERHADAP EKONOMI
Authors: Shen Ming , Dhiya Azka , Kathya Kathya
Published: July 2021

Indonesia has a considerable amount of human resources. Those resources should be empowered more in order to contribute to the economy. The proposition that can be taken to manage the plans is investing in human resources through the form of education and health. When the society becomes healthier and skillful, then they can contribute positively to the economy through productivity increase. The intervention of the government’s role in both sectors can be through government spending such as making programs or facilities that are expected to benefit the society. Therefore, this literature intends to see whether the government spending on the education and health sectors can contribute positively to the economy or even the opposite, using the OLS method with a research span from 1990 to 2019. The results show that health and education spending significantly affects the economy. This indicates that workers in Indonesia are getting skillful and also supported by their health, so that the productivity is well maintained. Both of these statements reflect that health and education spending in Indonesia has an impact on the economy through productivity increase.
Role of Flavonoids in the Treatment of Iron Overload
Authors: Wang Xiaomin , Li Ye , Han Li , Li Jie , Liu Cun , Sun Changgang
Published: July 2021

Iron overload, a high risk factor for many diseases, is seen in almost all human chronic and common diseases. Iron chelating agents are often used for treatment but, at present, most of these have a narrow scope of application, obvious side effects, and other disadvantages. Recent studies have shown that flavonoids can affect iron status, reduce iron deposition, and inhibit the lipid peroxidation process caused by iron overload. Therefore, flavonoids with iron chelating and antioxidant activities may become potential complementary therapies. In this study, we not only reviewed the research progress of iron overload and the regulation mechanism of flavonoids, but also studied the structural basis and potential mechanism of their function. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of flavonoids as plant iron chelating agents are discussed to provide a foundation for the prevention and treatment of iron homeostasis disorders using flavonoids.
TDP43 Exacerbates Atherosclerosis Progression by Promoting Inflammation and Lipid Uptake of Macrophages
Authors: Huangfu Ning , Wang Yong , Xu Zhenyu , Zheng Wenyuan , Tao Chunlan , Li Zhenwei , Hu Yewen , Chen Xiaomin
Published: July 2021

Objective

Atherosclerosis (AS), characterized by cholesterol overloaded-macrophages accumulation and plaque formation in blood vessels, is the major cause of cardiovascular disease. Transactive response DNA-binding protein∼43 kDa (TDP43) has recently been identified as an independent driver of neurodegenerative diseases through triggering inflammatory response. This study investigated whether TDP43 is involved in AS development, especially in macrophages-mediated-foam cell formation and inflammatory responses.

Methods

Transactive response DNA-binding protein∼43 kDa expressions in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-treated macrophages and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) were detected by real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot, and immunofluorescence. Gene gain or loss of function was used to investigate the effects of TDP43 on macrophages-mediated lipid untake and inflammation with ELISA, protein immunoprecipitation, RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence. Macrophage TDP43 specific knockout mice with ApoE–/– background were fed with western diet for 12 weeks to establish AS model, and used to explore the role of TDP43 on AS progression.

Results

Transactive response DNA-binding protein∼43 kDa expression increases in oxLDL-treated macrophages and PBMCs from patients with CAD. Furthermore, we find that TDP43 promotes activation of NF-κB to increase inflammatory factor expression in macrophages through triggering mitochondrial DNA release to activate cGAS-STING signaling. Moreover, TDP43 strengthens lipid uptake of macrophages through regulating β-catenin and PPAR-γ complex to promote scavenger receptor gene CD36 transcription. Finally, using macrophage TDP43 specific knockout mice with ApoE–/– background fed with western diet for 12 weeks to establish AS model, we find that specific knockout of TDP43 in macrophages obviously alleviates western diet-induced AS progression in mice.

Conclusions

Transactive response DNA-binding protein∼43 kDa exacerbates atherosclerosis progression by promoting inflammation and lipid uptake of macrophages, suggesting TDP43 as a potential target for developing atherosclerotic drug.
Staging Expertise in Times of COVID-19: An Analysis of the Science-Policy-Society Interface in the Dutch “Intelligent Lockdown”
Authors: Prettner Robert , te Molder Hedwig , Hajer Maarten A. , Vliegenthart Rens
Published: July 2021

The corona crisis of 2020 took many by surprise. Quite suddenly, politicians had to make drastic decisions to guarantee public health, affecting basic civil liberties. In justifying their decisions, politicians internationally reverted back to a direct staging of experts to legitimize their proposals for what internationally became known as the “lockdown”. In this article we analyze the performance of the Dutch government that, early on, labeled its approach to COVID-19 as an “intelligent lockdown”. Our analysis examines the dramaturgy of expertise during this period. We selected two interrelated “stages”: the official press conferences, fully controlled by the government, and the responses on Twitter, as focal channel for critique from the general public, but also from opposition parties and (alleged) experts. 26 press conferences of the Dutch Prime Minister were analyzed and a search for the most popular posts on Twitter referring to the press conference(s) was carried out covering the period between March 6th and May 29th, 2020. The results show that the technocratic framing of expertise remained stable during the sampling period, regarding the undisputed status of expertise as the clear-cut basis for decision-making in uncertain times. Framing on Twitter challenged the omnipotence of the experts advising the government in various ways, namely, by referring to dissenting opinions of other experts, by questioning the underlying motives of experts’ advice or by pointing out that the policies were clearly contrary to everyday experience. We argue that it is not so much the facts themselves that are at stake here buthidden moralities, which include the government’s alleged complacency while asking citizens to blindly trust, its unpredictable behavior in the light of the promised straight line between scientific evidence and policy making, and its motivated behavior while claiming that the facts speak for themselves.
Molecular Imaging and Non-molecular Imaging of Atherosclerotic Plaque Thrombosis
Authors: Guo Bingchen , Li Zhaoyue , Tu Peiyang , Tang Hao , Tu Yingfeng
Published: July 2021

Thrombosis in the context of atherosclerosis typically results in life-threatening consequences, including acute coronary events and ischemic stroke. As such, early detection and treatment of thrombosis in atherosclerosis patients is essential. Clinical diagnosis of thrombosis in these patients is typically based upon a combination of imaging approaches. However, conventional imaging modalities primarily focus on assessing the anatomical structure and physiological function, severely constraining their ability to detect early thrombus formation or the processes underlying such pathology. Recently, however, novel molecular and non-molecular imaging strategies have been developed to assess thrombus composition and activity at the molecular and cellular levels more accurately. These approaches have been successfully used to markedly reduce rates of atherothrombotic events in patients suffering from acute coronary syndrome (ACS) by facilitating simultaneous diagnosis and personalized treatment of thrombosis. Moreover, these modalities allow monitoring of plaque condition for preventing plaque rupture and associated adverse cardiovascular events in such patients. Sustained developments in molecular and non-molecular imaging technologies have enabled the increasingly specific and sensitive diagnosis of atherothrombosis in animal studies and clinical settings, making these technologies invaluable to patients' health in the future. In the present review, we discuss current progress regarding the non-molecular and molecular imaging of thrombosis in different animal studies and atherosclerotic patients.
Risk Factors of Atrial Arrhythmia in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Lu Xiya , Wang Zhijing , Yang Liu , Yang Changqing , Song Meiyi
Published: July 2021

Background and Objectives: Liver cirrhosis is known to be associated with atrial arrhythmia. However, the risk factors for atrial arrhythmia in patients with liver cirrhosis remain unclear. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the risk factors for atrial arrhythmia in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Methods: In the present study, we collected data from 135 patients with liver cirrhosis who were admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology at Shanghai Tongji Hospital. We examined the clinical information recorded, with the aim of identifying the risk factors for atrial arrhythmia in patients with liver cirrhosis. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to screen for significant factors differentiating liver cirrhosis patients with atrial arrhythmia from those without atrial arrhythmia.

Results: The data showed that there were seven significantly different factors that distinguished the group with atrial arrhythmia from the group without atrial arrhythmia. The seven factors were age, white blood cell count (WBC), albumin (ALB), serum Na+, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), ascites, and Child-Pugh score. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that age (β = 0.094, OR = 1.098, 95% CI 1.039–1.161, P = 0.001) and ascites (β =1.354, OR = 3.874, 95% CI 1.202–12.483, P = 0.023) were significantly associated with atrial arrhythmia.

Conclusion: In the present study, age and ascites were confirmed to be risk factors associated with atrial arrhythmia in patients with liver cirrhosis.
Sources, Distribution and Paleoenvironmental Application of Fatty Acids in Speleothem Deposits From Krem Mawmluh, Northeast India
Authors: Kalpana M. S. , Routh Joyanto , Fietz Susanne , Lone Mahjoor A. , Mangini Augusto
Published: July 2021

Integrated multiproxy geochemical studies are essential to reconstruct the paleoenvironment through different time scales. Pristine terrestrial archives such as speleothems provide an excellent opportunity to study these changes by measuring the stable isotope and biomarker trends preserved in these records. Here, we investigated fatty acids in drip water, moonmilk, and a stalagmite (KM-1) retrieved from Krem Mawmluh in northeast India to constrain the sources and distribution of these compounds. Besides, we tested their compatibility with established glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers and stable isotope proxies in KM-1 to probe the use of fatty acid-derived proxies for paleoclimate reconstruction. We observe a similar composition of fatty acids in drip water as well as the cave deposits with significantly higher concentrations of fatty acids in drip water (10.6–124 μg/L) and moonmilk (1.32–16.5 μg/g) compared to the stalagmite (0.67–2.09 μg/g). In KM-1 stalagmite, fatty acids and the presence of azelaic acid transported from surface soils indicate that these compounds are derived from bacterial activity both within the cave and the overlying soil cover. The branched C15 fatty acid index (iso+anteiso C15/nC15) increases during the Holocene, suggesting enhanced microbial production under warm/wet conditions. Fluctuations in the fatty acid indices coincide with abrupt shifts in the TEX86 and BIT proxies reflecting the warm/wet Holocene and cold/dry Late Pleistocene. These trends imply the potential use of fatty acids for reconstructing past climate changes in speleothems but need more analytical reference points to provide statistical data.
Looking Back: Reviewing the Challenges of Policy Development During the COVID-19 Pandemic for a TNE Partnership in Higher Education
Authors: Bremner Duncan James , Ansari Imran Shafique , MacDougall Jennifer , Hussain Sajjad , Ma Mingda , Ponciano Joao , Liu Xingang , Gamage Kelum A. A. , Abbas Hasan , Imran Muhammad Ali
Published: July 2021

This paper takes a retrospective view of the year 2020, with a focus on how Higher Education policy development was undertaken on a Transnational Education (TNE) program between the University of Glasgow (UofG) and the University of Electronics, Science and Technology in Chengdu (UESTC), China in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. It explores the approach to policy development under normal circumstances, contrasting this with the approach taken during the emergence of the epidemic and how the unfolding situation impacted on those policies. It demonstrates how the application of management tools for scenario planning and crisis management can be used effectively to develop a clear and prescriptive policy for staff. It also demonstrates how the use of such tools, combined with careful analysis and planning, can minimize disruption to student learning, teaching, and assessment. The paper then goes on to explain the creation and implementation of policies addressing three main areas: learning and teaching, Final Year Projects, and assessment. Finally, it reflects on the student and staff perspectives on the policies, considering how this information might be used to enhance the policy development process in future.