bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Juvenile xanthogranuloma of temporal bone – a case report
Authors: Farrugia E. J. , Raza S. Ali , Stephen A. Penrose
Published: November 2007

Juvenile xanthogranuloma is an unusual condition of childhood. It commonly presents as cutaneous lesions normally localized to the dermis and is benign. A case report of a two-year-old girl with juvenile xanthogranuloma involving the right temporal bone (petro-mastoid region) which was locally destructive, is presented.
Peritonsillar abscess – an unusual presentation of Kawasaki disease
Authors: Ravi K. V. , Brooks J. R.
Published: November 2007

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a paediatric illness characterised by prolonged high fever, mucocutaneous lesions and lymphadenopathy. It is potentially fatal as coronary arteritis occurs in up to a third of affected children. We present a seven-year-old child who was admitted to hospital with neck pain and fever. Despite intravenous antibiotic therapy and a quinsy right tonsillectomy on the sixth day after admission, the patient's symptoms persisted. With the appearance of further signs and symptoms the diagnosis of KD was made two days after operation. The patient's symptoms resolved with aspirin and intravenous gammaglobulin therapy. A literature review of the various aspects of KD is presented.
Genetics of otosclerosis
Authors: Sabitha R. , Ramalingam Ravi , Ramalingam K. K. , Sivakumaran T. A. , Ramesh A.
Published: November 2007

Otosclerosis is an early-middle adult life genetic disease affecting bone remodelling in the ear. Current knowledge of otosclerosis as an inherited disease dates to the mid-19th century, and we report here an attempt to understand the genetics of otosclerosis and detect its heterogeneity. The analysis was conducted on 151 otosclerotic families. The results of our study indicate that while heredity plays an important role in the manifestation of the disease a substantial portion of otosclerotic cases could arise due to non-genetic causes.
CT screening for temporal bone abnormalities in idiopathic bilateral sensorineural hearing loss
Authors: Harcourt J. P. , Lennox P. , Phelps P. D. , Brookes G. B.
Published: November 2007

Bilateral sensorineural hearing loss can be caused by a variety of temporal bone abnormalities including primary cochlear otoscierosis, local and systemic bony diseases and some metabolic conditions. These may be identified using computerized tomography (CT), with attenuation recordings taken across the cochlear capsule (CT densitometry). Eighty patients with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss were screened over a period of six and a half years using this technique, and only three cases (3.8 per cent) of treatable disease were detected. Positive yields may be increased by screening selected cases with other clinical or biochemical stigmata of temporal bone disease.
A rare case of laryngeal myxoma
Authors: Tsunoda Koichi , Nosaka Kenji , Housui Masabumi , Murano Emi , Ishikawa Michiro , Imamura Yoshihiko
Published: November 2007

We report a rare case of laryngeal myxoma in a 57-year-old Japanese man. Except for a five-year history of gradually progressive hoarseness, he had been in good health. Video-stroboscopic examination revealed a solid mass in the anterior third of the right vocal fold. Phonosurgery performed with a microscope showed that the mass was encapsulated and located between the epithelium and vocal fold ligaments of the right vocal fold. This hard, elastic mass which measured 7 mm in diameter, was diagnosed as a myxoma. Only three cases of myxoma of the larynx have been reported in the English literature, with only one other case involving the vocal fold.
Diagnosis and treatment of parotid tumours
Authors: Kamal Syed Akhtar , Othman Eyas Osama
Published: November 2007

Diagnosis and treatment of 51 cases of parotid tumour seen and treated in King Fahad National Guard Hospital, Riyadh, are discussed here. More emphasis is placed on proper clinical history and physical examination of patients with parotid lump because usually this will provide enough information to the clinician about the nature of the swelling. Imaging studies are helpful in supporting the clinical diagnosis and determining the extent of the lesion particularly in cases of malignant tumours. Fine needle aspiration biopsy needs an expert cytologist for salivary gland neoplasm and the need for proper communication between the surgeon and cytologist is stressed. All 51 cases underwent surgical excision which is the treatment of choice. Follow-up periods were variable and short.
Nasal mucosal congestion during the menstrual cycle
Authors: Paulsson Bodil , Gredmark Thomas , Burian Pawel , Bende Mats
Published: November 2007

A relationship between the reactivity of the nasal mucosa and changes in female sex hormones have been debated for a long time, although no evidence has been presented to prove or disprove this relationship. Nasal patency was therefore measured by nasal expiratory peak-flow in 26 women for two months in order to study changes in nasal mucosal congestion during the menstrual cycle. In another eight women, nasal congestion was measured by acoustic rhinometry, and symptoms of nasal stuffiness were registered during periods when there were various levels of plasma oestradiol and progesterone. Finally, nasal mucosal biopsies were taken for preparation of receptors for oestradiol and progesterone. This study could not verify the effects of female sex hormones on the nasal mucosa. This could be explained by the fact that no receptors for oestradiol and progesterone were found.
Tonsillar metastasis from a renal cell carcinoma presenting as a quinsy
Authors: Green K. M. J. , Pantelides E. , De Carpentier J. P.
Published: November 2007

We present a rare case of renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the tonsil. Tonsillectomy was inadvertently performed during an attempt to drain what was clinically a peritonsillar abscess.
Pneumopericardium: An unusual manifestation of blunt tracheal trauma
Authors: Chitre V. V. , Prinsley P. R. , Hashmi S. M. H.
Published: November 2007

A case of pneumopericardium in a child following blunt injury to his trachea is described. Such a case has not been previously described in the literature. A probable anatomical explanation for this rare event is offered.
Computerized tomographic and ultrasonographic features of Kimura's disease
Authors: Goldenberg David , Gatot Albert , Barki Yechiel , Leiberman Alberto , Fliss Dan M.
Published: November 2007

Kimura's disease (KD) is an uncommon condition once thought to affect only Orientals. The patients present with swelling of the major salivary glands associated with cervical lymphadenopathy. The clinical, histopathological and radiological findings of a young Caucasian female with KD will be presented and discussed.
Pathogenesis of middle-ear effusion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a new perspective
Authors: Low W. K. , Lim T. A. , Fan Y. F. , Balakrishnan A.
Published: November 2007

The theory that middle-ear effusion (MEE) associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is merely the result of tensor veli palatinus destruction is deficient because recent studies have shown that many patients with NPC have MEE but no tensor veli palatinus dysfunction. The present study evaluates the relationship between MEE and Eustachian cartilage erosion by NPC and examines the pathogenesis of NPC-associated MEE from a new perspective.

Thirty-five patients with NPC were studied by magnetic resonance scans taken along the lengths of the Eustachian tubes. Twenty-four patients had tumour involvementof both sides of the nasopharynx so that 59 ears were available for study. Eighteen ears had MEE of which 12 had Eustachian cartilage erosion (p<00001, Fischer's Exact Test). In ears with MEE, Eustachian cartilage erosion was frequently but not necessarily associated with tensor veli palatinus destruction.

We postulate that altered Eustachian tubal compliance as a result of cartilage erosion by tumour is an important reason why middle-eareffusions develop in patients with NPC.
Modified tragal cartilage – temporoparietal and deep temporal fascia sandwich graft technique for repair of nasal septal perforations
Authors: Hussain A. , Murthy P.
Published: November 2007

Fifteen cases of nasal septal perforation were repaired with a tragal cartilage–temporoparietal and deep temporal fascia sandwich technique using a modification of the approach previously described (Hussain and Kay, 1992). Successful closure was achieved in 14 patients (100 per cent) after an observation time of up to two years. The operative technique and advantages of the modified approach are described.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the sublingual salivary gland in a 16-year-old female – report of a case and review of the literature
Authors: McFall M. R. , Irvine G. H. , Eveson J. W.
Published: November 2007

Tumours of the sublingual salivary gland are exceptionally rare. The present case report describes an adenoid cystic carcinoma of the sublingual salivary gland occurring in a 16-year-old girl, in itself an uncommon event. In addition, an interesting feature of the presentation was obstruction of the ipsilateral submandibular gland due to involvement of Wharton's duct.
A rare case of Salmonella neck abscess
Authors: Ray J. , Shotton J. C. , Lobo V. J.
Published: November 2007

A case of a deep neck abscess caused by Salmonella enteritidis in a 29-year-old previously undiagnosed diabetic patient is reported. Review of relevant literature has shown 11 cases of Salmonella neck abscess. Predisposing conditions include immunosuppression due to any cause. Salmonella sp. should be included in the differential diagnosis of head and neck abscesses in predisposed individuals and treated accordingly.
The Singapore swing
Authors: Gibb Alan G. , Tan Kun Kiaang , Sim Roland S. T.
Published: November 2007

The use of a rotation pedicled flap, entitled the ‘Singapore Swing’, comprising temporalis fascia and mastoid periosteum, is presented as a new method of promoting healing in ‘open’ mastoid surgery for chronic ear discharge. Cadaver studies show that the main blood supply of the flap is derived from a branch of the postauricular artery which enters the pedicle near the mastoid tip. A review of the first 14 operations showed complete healing with dry ears and intact tympanic membranes in all instances, three cases requiring secondary grafting of residual perforations. We consider the results sufficiently encouraging to merit an extended trial ofthe technique.
Squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck: descriptive analysis of 1293 cases
Authors: Kurtulmaz Sevgi Y. , Erkal Haldun Ş. , Serin Meltem , Elhan Atilla H. , Çakmak Ahmet
Published: November 2007

Medical reports of 1293 patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck were retrospectively evaluated. The patients were classified according to their age, sex, primary tumour localization and tumoral stage. There were 1181 males (91.3 per cent) and 112 females (8.7 per cent), with a male to female ratio of 10.5:1. The peak incidences for all primary tumour localizations were observed in the fifth decade. Most common primary tumour localizations were the larynx (71.1 per cent), the nasopharynx (10.1 per cent) and the oral cavity (8.8 per cent). Of all patients in whom staging was complete, 43.1 per cent presented at early and 56.9 per cent at advanced stages. The proportion of patients presenting with metastatic neck nodes was 34.4 per cent and the incidence of metastatic neck nodes increased with increasing T stage. The supraglottic region was the most common primary site among all laryngeal SCC, with a supraglottic to glottic SCC ratio of 1.5:1. Glottic SCC presented at earlier stages compared to supraglottic SCC. The incidence of nodal metastases increased with increasing T stage for SCC of the larynx, the oral cavity and the oropharynx.
Retropharyngeal abscess: a clinical review
Authors: Goldenberg D. , Golz A. , Joachims H. Z.
Published: November 2007

Retropharyngeal abscesses are uncommon but potentially lethal infections, especially in the paediatric population under the age of five years. Abscesses in this group are classically secondary to upper respiratory infections especially oropharyngeal infections, while in the adult group they are usually secondary to trauma, foreign bodies, or as a complication of dental infections. Early diagnosis and the wide spread use of antibiotics have made these infections less common today. Between the years 1985–1996,19 cases of retropharyngeal abscesses were treated in our department. Factors such as age, sex, aetiology, presenting signs, symptoms, methods of diagnosis, treatment and complications were reviewed. Thirty-two per cent of the cases were secondary trauma. A lateral neck film showing widening of the prevertebral space was the most important diagnostic tool, computed tomography (CT) scan was used in 63 per cent of cases to verify the signs of an abscess and to provide more accurate anatomical localization.

Thirteen cases required surgical drainage. The single most commonly isolated pathogen wasStreptococcus pyogenes. There were no deaths and only one recurrence requiring repeated surgical drainage. One case was complicated by a spinal canal abscess. We also report two cases of retropharyngeal abscess in children caused by swallowing of unusual foreign bodies.
Cyclin D1 protein expression is related to clinical progression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Capaccio Pasquale , Pruneri Giancarlo , Carboni Nadia , Pagliari Angelo Virgilio , Buffa Roberto , Neri Antonino , Ottaviani Antonio , Pignataro Lorenzo
Published: November 2007

The expression of cyclin D1 gene was investigated in 74 laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (LSCCs) in order to determine its clinical and prognostic value. Overexpression of cyclin Dl was detected immunohistochemically using DCS6 monoclonal antibody on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Cyclin D1 expression was detected in 22 of the 74 cases investigated (30 per cent), thirteen of which presented nodal metastases (59 per cent); of the patients without any detectable cyclin D1 protein expression, six presented nodal metastases (12 per cent). Cyclin D1 protein expression was found in five per cent of the specimens of normal mucosa, eight per cent of thosewith low-grade dysplasia and 20 per cent of those with high-grade dysplasia. A statistically significant association was found between cyclin D1 expression and the supraglottic site (p<0.05), tumour extension (p<0.001), the presence of lymph node metastases (p<0.001), and advanced clinical stage (p<0.001). Cyclin D2 expression analysis is an important tool in the selection of LSCC patients with an aggressive clinical course.
Endoscopic laser myotomy in the treatment of pharyngeal diverticula
Authors: Bradwell R. A. , Bieger A. K. , Strachan D. R. , Homer J. J.
Published: November 2007

The endoscopic approach is a simple and cost-effective option in the treatment of hypopharyngeal diverticula. Whereas almost a third of all endoscopic myotomies performed by UK otolaryngologists are carried out with the stapling technique, CO2 laser diverticulotomy has not been given as much consideration (Koay et al., in press).

We report on the first British series of 15 patients treated between 1985 and 1993 with microscopic laser diverticulotomy. The follow-up period was four to 11 years. Complications occurred in three patients, two patients required a repeat myotomy and 11 patients have been satisfied with their swallow since the operation.

Our results are similar to those of larger studies. The laser technique is more established than the stapling gun myotomy and it has the advantage of superior visualization. It may also be used in small pouches which do not admit the insertion of a stapling gun.
Long-term observation of subcutaneous tissue reaction to synthetic auditory ossicle (Apaceram®) in rats
Authors: Li Dong-Jun , Ohsaki Katsuichiro , Ii Kunio , Ye Qing , Nobuto Yoko , Tenshin Satoru , Takano-Yamamoto Teruko
Published: November 2007

The present study evaluates histological characteristics of the soft tissue response to long-term implantation of Apaceram™ discs composed of dense hydroxyapatite in rats. Discs were implanted into the subcutaneous tissue of 76 rats for six to 20 months. Decalcified histological sections stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H & E) and Mallory's azan were examined. Different cell types surrounding implants were counted. The greatest proportion of macrophages was found at six months (13.5 per cent). This proportion gradually decreased to four per cent at 20 months. Small numbers of lymphocytes and foreign body giant cells were observed in every group, but neither neutrophils nor osteogenesis were observed in any specimens. Results of the present study and previous related studies indicate that despite reappearance of a small number of macrophages six months after implantation, Apaceram™ is useful for reconstructive surgery.
Temporalis fascia grafts shrink
Authors: England R. J. , Strachan D. R. , Buckley J. G.
Published: November 2007

Temporalis fascia, placed as an underlay graft, is commonly used to repair tympanic membrane perforations. Graft failure, however, is a well recognized complication. Grafts are often allowed to dry out during the procedure and, therefore, are often positioned in a dry or partially dehydrated state and only become fully rehydrated after placement. This study looked at how the size of the temporalis fascia alters with its state of hydration. The size of 20 temporalis fascia grafts was measured when fresh, after flattening and allowing them to dry, and finally after rehydrating the grafts with 0.9 per cent saline solution. Significant shrinkage was demonstrated. It is therefore proposed that a cause of increased failure rates, particularly in anterior myringoplasties, is loss of underlay due to graft rehydration and shrinkage. Thus graft shrinkage should be considered when positioning the graft.
Intra-operative facial nerve monitoring. Its predictive value after skull base surgery
Authors: Magliulo Giuseppe , Zardo Francesco
Published: November 2007

Purpose

Facial nerve monitoring can be used to predict post-operative facial function after skull base surgery. In this study three methods of prediction of facial function were compared. These methods utilize various parameters of the evoked electromyographic monitoring.

Material and methods

Twenty-three patients who underwent surgery for skull base diseases were retrospectively reviewed. Amplitude of ongoing electromyographic activity, stimulation current thresholds and amplitude of evoked response were analysed. The predictive value of the three methods was correlated with post-operative facial nerve function.

Results

The method that used only the stimulation thresholds predicted the final post-operative facial function in 86.9 per cent of the patients. The second employed a mathematical ratio which combined the amplitude of evoked response and the stimulation current thresholds and confirmed the prediction of the facial function in 91.3 per cent of the patients. The last method does not consider the stimulation thresholds greater than 0.05 mA and failed to predict the final VIIth nerve function in patients in whom the stimulation was greater than 0.05 mA.

Conclusion

Analysis of prognostic value demonstrates that the first two methods had the smaller degree of variation showing the better sensitivity.
An unique tumour of the geniohyoid muscle: an intramuscular haemangioma
Authors: Harar R. P. S. , Kalan A. , Brown C. L. , Kenyon G. S.
Published: November 2007

We present the first case report in the English literature of an intramuscular haemangioma of the geniohyoid muscle. This occurred in a 24-year-old female and the diagnosis was not made prior to resection. Haemangiomas are uncommon tumours of the head and neck and intramuscular haemangiomas account for fewer than one per cent of the total. Diagnosis of the vascular nature of the tumour is often missed. Recurrence is common and usually due to incomplete excision. A review of the literature and a case report of theselocally destructive lesions is presented.
Horizontal glottectomy: functional and oncological results
Authors: Carrat Xavier , Francois Jean-Marc , Devars François , Carles Dominique , Traissac Louis
Published: November 2007

The authors report on their experience with 25 cases of horizontal glottectomy and discuss the functional and oncological results of this operation. Indications for this procedure are Tia and Tib glottic carcinomas. The overall three-year and five-year survival was respectively 94 and 88 per cent. Distant metastasis appears to be the major long-term failure, three patients dying of lung carcinoma. Short functional rehabilitation was observed in all cases. Decannulation was achieved in 100 per cent of the cases and none of our patients had laryngeal stenosis. The average time of removal of the nasogastric tube was 11.8 days. Because of its high local control and reduced functional after effects, horizontal glottectomy appears to be a reliable and safe procedure for limited glottic carcinomas and must be included in their therapeutic management.
‘Farmer's ear’: sudden sensorineural hearing loss due toChlamydia psittaciinfection
Authors: Brewis C. , McFerran D. J.
Published: November 2007

A case of sudden sensorineural hearing loss in association with aChlamydia psittacipneumonia is reported. Rapid recovery was seen when the patient was treated with high dose steroids and appropriate antibiotics. This is the first such case report in the literature.
Chondroid syringoma of the nose: report of a case
Authors: Bhargava Deepa , Bhusnurmath Shivayogi , Daar A. S.
Published: November 2007

Chondroid syringoma or mixed tumour of the skin is a rare benign tumour which can present on the face. We present here the case of a patient who underwent an excisional biopsy of a small painless nodule in the soft triangle of the nose for cosmetic reasons. The clinical presentation, histology and treatment, with review of the relevant literature, is discussed.
Ortner's syndrome: a centenary review of unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy secondary to cardiothoracic disease
Authors: Thirlwall Andrea Simone
Published: November 2007

Ortner's Syndrome (described 100 years ago in 1897) is a clinical entity with hoarseness due to a left recurrent laryngeal nerve (LRLN) palsy caused by cardiac disease. A 35-year-old woman presented with a LRLN palsy due to a huge thoracic aneurysm. The anatomy of the LRLN and the cardiothoracic complaints which may cause the palsy are discussed.
Four cases of aggressive MRSA wound infection following head and neck surgery
Authors: Parton M. , Beasley N. J. P. , Harvey G. , Houghton D. , Jones A.S.
Published: November 2007

Four cases of serious MRSA wound infection following head and neck surgery have been identified. One patient died. At post mortem a mediastinal abscess containing MRSA was found to have eroded into the innominate artery causing fatal haemorrhage. The other three suffered serious wound infections, two requiring further surgery. Once MRSA hadbeen identified they were treated with intravenous teicoplanin and all made a full recovery.
A new alternative to the operating microscope in the temporal bone laboratory
Authors: Kirkland P. M. , Tostevin P.
Published: November 2007

Cadaveric temporal bone surgery has previously required the use of the operating microscope. However, in this financial climate, the cost of a microscope can prove prohibitive to many departments. We describe a less expensive, alternative form of magnification and illumination in the temporal bone laboratory.
Temporal bone pathology of acoustic neuroma correlating with presence of electrocochleography and absence of auditory brainstem response
Authors: Kaga Kimitaka , Iwasaki Shinichi , Tamura Akira , Suzuki Jun-Ichi , Haebara Hideyuki
Published: November 2007

The temporal bone pathology of a 74-year-old female affected by vestibular schwannoma was compared with findings of auditory brainstem response and electrocochleography. At age 71, she complained of hearing loss in the left ear in which pure tone audiometry revealed threshold elevation in the middle- and high-frequency range. Temporal bone CT scanning revealed a medium-sized cerebellopontine angle tumour in the left ear. ABR showed no response in the left ear, but the electrocochleography showed clear compound action potentials. Three years later, at age 74, she died of metastatic lung cancer and sepsis. The left temporal bone pathology consisted primarily of a large vestibular schwannoma occupying the internal auditory meatus. The organ of Corti was well preserved in each turn. In the modiolus, the numbers of spiral ganglion cells and cochlear nerve fibres in each turn were decreased. These histological findings suggest that clear compound action potentials were recorded from the distal portion of the cochlear nerve in spite of the presence of the vestibular schwannoma, but ABR could not be detected because of the blockade of the proximal portion of the cochlear nerve by the vestibular schwannoma.
Laryngeal malakoplakia
Authors: Gupta A. K. , Mann S. B. S. , Singh K. B. , Joshi K. , Sajeeda S. , Kakkar Nandita
Published: November 2007

We report a case of malakoplakia of the epiglottis in a 45-year-old female patient. Only three cases of laryngeal malakoplakia have been reported in the world literature, one of which was associated with tracheal malakoplakia. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of isolated malakoplakia of the epiglottis. Malakoplakia, a rare granulomatous lesion, has been seen more frequently in the urinary tract. Other organs like the genito-urinary tract, testis, epididymis, lymph nodes, middle ear, nasopharynx, tonsil and retroperitoneal tissue have been also involved though less frequently.
Actinomycosis oto-mastoiditis
Authors: Ajal M. , Turner J. , Fagan Paul , Walker Paul
Published: November 2007

Actinomycosis of the temporal bone is uncommon. There have only been 24 cases previously reported in the English literature. The responsible organism is Actinomyces israelii, an anaerobic filamentous Gram positive bacterium. While the cervico-facial region is the most common site of the disease, involvement of the temporal bone is rare. The diagnosis can sometimes be made clinically by identification of sulphur granules in a glue-like substrate but in all cases involving the temporal bone, the diagnosis has been made at histopathology. Effective therapy consists of surgery followed by the long-term administration of penicillin.
Treatment of chronic otitis externa by KTP/532 laser
Authors: Kumar B. N. , Walsh R. M. , Courteney-Harris R. G. , Wilson P. S.
Published: November 2007

The traditional meatoplasty operations performed for chronic otitis externa, which has entered the ‘fibrotic’ phase, are often unsatisfactory because the results in terms of canal patency, hearing gain and patient satisfaction are variable. Although the use of laser in chronic ear surgery is well recognized, it has not been previously reported as a meatoplasty technique. Ten KTP laser meatoplasty operations were performed on eight patients with chronic otitis externa. This pilot study shows the technique to be effective, fast and with a high patient satisfaction rate in the short-term (mean follow-up period 9.3 months). The average increase in hearing thresholds was 24 dB HL. Significant patient benefit was obtained in at least six out of eight patients using the Belfast rule of thumb. The technique has many advantages over the traditional meatoplasty operations but the long-term results require evaluation.
Pleomorphic adenoma presenting as a base of tongue mass
Authors: Gupta A. K. , Singhal S. K. , Mann S. B. S. , Bapuraj J. R. , Saran R. K.
Published: November 2007

A rare case of pleomorphic adenoma of the base of the tongue with a relevant review of literature is reported.
Merkel cell carcinoma of the pinna
Authors: Skia B. , Bibas A. , Hickey S. A. , Ryley N. G.
Published: November 2007

Merkel cell carcinoma is an increasingly recognized tumou r of the skin. The commonest presentation is the head and neck region. Only three cases of this rare tumour have been reporte d on the pinna. A further such case is presented here.
Metastatic follicular thyroid carcinoma to the maxilla
Authors: Hefer Tsila , Manor Ronen , Joachims Henry Zvi , Groisman Gabriel M. , Peled Micha , Gov-Ari Eliav , Laufer Dov
Published: November 2007

We present a unique case of metastatic follicular thyroid carcinoma to the hard palate and the maxillary sinus, a case that to our knowledge has not been reported before. Various malignant tumours that metastize to the maxilla are reviewed, and the therapeutic approach to follicular thyroid carcinoma metastasis to that area is also discussed. Follicular thyroid carcinoma should be included in the list of tumours that metastasize to the maxilla.
Chondrolipoma of the nasopharynx
Authors: Hong Ki Hwan , Seo Soo Yung , Geun Lee Dong
Published: November 2007

Lipoma is the commonest soft-tissue tumour arising anywhere in the body, but its occurrence in the nasopharynx is extremely rare. Only four cases in adults have been previously reported in the English literature. We describe a 63-year-old woman with a nasopharyngeal mass that was removed transorally and verified histopathologically as chondrolipoma, that is a lipoma with chondroid metaplasia.
Primary lingual tuberculosis: a case report
Authors: Gupta Abhay , Shinde K. J. , Bhardwaj Ira
Published: November 2007

Tuberculosis is very common in India and Southeast Asia, where the prevalence rate is about four per 1000 population and the incidence rate of the disease is two per cent. Fifteen per cent of the tuberculous population of the world reside in India. Both secondary and primary tuberculous lesions of the tongue and oral cavity are rare. We report a 60-year-old male with the seventh case of primary lingual tuberculosis.
Transverse sinus thrombosis and venous infarction of the brain following unilateral radical neck dissection
Authors: Mahasin Z. Z. , Saleem M. , Gangopadhyay K.
Published: November 2007

Radical neck dissection is one of the commonest procedures performed in any unit dealing with head and neck surgery. Intracranial complications following this procedure are uncommon. Transverse sinus thrombosis and venous infarction of the brain following unilateral radical neck dissection have not been reported in the literature. We present a case in which this complication occurred following an uneventful radical neck dissection.
Necrotizing external otitis caused byAspergillus fumigatus: computed tomography and high resolution magnetic resonance imaging in an AIDS patient
Authors: Muñoz Alberto , Martínez-Chamorro Elena
Published: November 2007

abstract

Most necrotizing (malignant) external otitis (NEO) occurs in diabetic patients and is commonly caused byPseudomonas aeruginosa. We report an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patient with NEO caused byAspergillus fumigatusin which computed tomography (CT) showed destructive petrous bone involvement and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the ear discovered extensive soft tissue and facial nerve involvement. Dedicated MRI studies of the ear in this type of pathology provide new insights relating to nerve dysfunction, that cannot be obtained with CT.
A randomized prospective trial to compare four different ear packs following permeatal middle ear surgery
Authors: Zeitoun H. , Sandhu G. S. , Kuo M. , Macnamara M.
Published: November 2007

Surgeons choice of an ear pack is dictated by availability, previous training and personal preference. There has been no recent prospective study evaluating the use of different types of ear packs. This randomized prospective study compares the use of BIPP impregnated ribbon gauze (Aurum), Pope wicks (Xomed-Teace), silastic sheeting (Dow Corning) and tri-adcortyl ointment (Squibb) as an ear dressing following ‘clear’ middle ear procedures via a permeatal approach. The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in post-operative pain and discomfort experienced, neither was there any significant difference regarding the otolaryngologist's assessment of the degree of canal granulation, stenosis or discharge with the above named packs. This study concludes that non-traditional dressings such as tri-adcortyl ointment or simply a thin silastic sheet placed on the drum are no worse than time honoured BIPP. They have, as well, the advantage of being well-tolerated by the patients.
Primary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the parotid gland: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Gonzalez-Garcia J. , Ghufoor K. , Sandhu G. , Thorpe P. A. , Hadley J.
Published: November 2007

Solitary extramedullary plasmacytomas are uncommon malignant neoplasms with a great predilection for the upper respiratory tract. Extramedullary plasmacytoma involving the parotid gland is an extremely rare condition. This report describes the case of a primary extramedullary plasmacytoma arising in the right parotid gland of a 63-year-old man. A review of the literature reveals that this disease has generally a good prognosis, provided that multiple myeloma has been excluded. The treatment of choice should be surgical excision followed by radiotherapy, although from this study there is insufficient evidence to suggest that this is more effective than surgery alone. All patients must have regular long-term follow-up to monitor for recurrence or dissemination, in which event chemotherapy may be considered in addition to the other treatment modalities.
Giant aneurysm of the petrous internal carotid artery: diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Coley S. C. , Clifton A. , Britton J.
Published: November 2007

We report the case of a giant fusiform aneurysm of the petrous internal carotid artery in a 15-year-old patient who had presented with headache, hearing loss and Horner's syndrome. Definitive radiological diagnosis was made by non-invasive imaging techniques, including magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). The aneurysm was obliterated by endovascular balloon occlusion following successful tolerance of test occlusion of the internal carotid artery.
Adenocarcinoma of the larynx – a distant metastasis from a rectal primary
Authors: Hilger Andreas W. , Prichard Andrew J. , Jones Terry
Published: November 2007

Laryngeal metastases from remote primary tumours are uncommon. They derive mostly from melanomas or renal cell carcinomas. The generally rare laryngeal adenocarcinomas can only be classified as metastatic tumours in the presence of a distant primary of the same histology. Only five cases of a laryngeal secondary originating from adenocarcinoma of the large bowel have been reported in the world literature. A further case is presented which to our knowledge is the first to arise from the rectum, a site which suggests haematogenous tumour spread. This paper emphasizes the need for the search of synchronous metastatic disease and discusses the therapeutic options on the grounds of current management of singular colorectal secondaries.
Pleomorphic lipoma of the parotid gland
Authors: Graham C. T. , Roberts A. H. N. , Padel A. F.
Published: November 2007

Lipomata are rare tumours of the parotid gland. The plemorphic lipoma represents an unusual histological variant of the benign lipoma. We report a case of a pleomorphic lipoma arising in the parotid gland. Only one case of a similar nature has previously been recorded. This tumour is benign, was fully excised and recurrence is not expected.
Epidural application of ionomeric cement implants. Experimental and clinical results
Authors: Geyer G. , Baier G. , Helms J.
Published: November 2007

During setting and hardening, the hybrid bone substitute ionomeric cement (lonocem®) achieves a stable and durable bond with the apatite of the adjacent bone without interpository soft tissue. Fluid contact during setting results in the release of aluminium ions which may reach critical levels as high as 3000 μg/l. On epidural application it is, therefore, essential to prevent cement constituents from gaining access to the intradural space. After the cement has hardened, the presence of aluminium is demonstrable in the adjacent bone to a maximum depth of 20 μm (EDX microanalysis). In rabbits, epiduralplacement of freshly mixed cement causes slight thickening of the dura. There is reason to believe that human dura, with a thickness 10 times greater, is impermeableto components of the cement. After epidural application of the freshly mixed cement in the frontobasal and laterobasal regions and at the skull cap and petrous apex, 76 patients in all have been followed for up to 6.5 years. During this period no complications have arisen and functional (and cosmetic) results are promising. The availability of preformed implants (lonoroc®, lonocast®) permitted the peridural placement of minimal quantities of freshly mixed cement. These implants were fixed to localized sites on the adjacent calvarial bone by use of lonocem®. Notwithstanding the stringent manufacturer guidelines, there have been reports in the literature that during the vulnerable stage of setting neurotoxic aluminium ions were released into the dural space with a fatal outcome intwo cases. In view of potential intradural complications, such as may occur in case of dural leaks, it was considered that further application of the material adjacent to the dura was no longer warranted. The production of lonocem® was discontinued in May 1995.
Bilateral conductive deafness related to erosive lichen planus
Authors: Martin Ludovic , Moriniere Sylvain , Machet Marie-Christine , Robier Alain , Vaillant Loïc
Published: November 2007

A case of bilateral progressive stenosis of both external auditory canals with resultant conductive hearing loss is presented. The stenosis revealed multifocal erosive and synechiant lichen planus. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of lichen planus involvement of the external ear.
Dual ectopic thyroid: a report of two cases
Authors: Hazarika Produl , Siddiqui Shahab Ahmed , Pujary Kailesh , Shah Parul , Nayak Deepak Ranjan , Balakrishnan R.
Published: November 2007

Ectopic thyroid is an uncommon embryological aberrationcharacterized by the presence of thyroid tissue at a site other than in its usual pretracheal region. Usually it occurs along the path of descent of the developing thyroid primodium from the foramen caecum, commonest being lingual followed by sublingual and in the anterior midline of neck at, or below, the level of the hyoid bone. It is unusual for lingual thyroid to present simultaneously with another ectopic thyroid; reported here are two such cases.
Delayed massive epistaxis due to traumatic intracavernous carotid artery pseudoaneurysm
Authors: Hern J. D. , Coley S. C. , Hollis L. J. , Jayaraj S. M.
Published: November 2007

Recurrent epistaxes after head injury may rarely be dueto a traumatic intracavernous carotid artery pseudoaneurysm. The headinjury is usually associated with fracture of the skull base and the epistaxes are severe with the first episode generally occurring one to three months after the initial trauma. We present a case which illustrates the role of high resolution computed tomography (CT) scanningand also magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in achieving the diagnosis.
Primary ethmoid sinus craniopharyngioma: a case report
Authors: Jiang Rong-San , Wu Chen-Yu , Jan Yee-Jee , Hsu Chen-Yi
Published: November 2007

A seven-year-old boy complained of intermittent epistaxis for several months. Computerized tomography (CT) scans showed increased soft tissue density over the left ethmoid sinus. Endoscopic sinus surgery was used to remove the mass completely. The pathological report was craniopharyngioma. No other focus of lesion was found, and he continues to do well.
Multiple myeloma presenting with external ear canal mass
Authors: Quinodoz D. , Dulguerov P. , Kurt A.-M. , Ruefenacht D. , Abele R. , Allal A. S. , Montandon P.
Published: November 2007

The manifestations of multiple myeloma are protean and related to bony osteolytic lesions, and to medullar and renal insufficiency. We report a patient who presented with otalgia as the inaugural symptom of multiple myeloma. Local irradiation combined with systemic chemotherapy led to the disappearance of the temporal bone mass and the accompanying symptoms. To date, 24 months after the diagnosis, the patient is still in remission.

The literature on otological involvement in multiple myeloma is reviewed. Symptoms are non-specific and include hearing loss, tinnitus, dizziness, facial paralysis, and otalgia. The diagnosis of multiple myeloma should be considered in the presence of a temporal bone mass.
Primary malignant lymphoma in the cerebellopontine angle
Authors: Kariya Shin , Nishizaki Kazunori , Aoji Katsuya , Akagi Hirofumi
Published: November 2007

Primary malignant lymphoma is an uncommon disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Immunocompromised patients are at high risk of development of malignant lymphoma. We describe a case of primary CNS lymphoma presenting as a solitary cerebellopontine angle lesion. The patient had undergone extirpation of rectal cancer four years previously. Malignant lymphoma presenting as a cerebellopontine angle mass is extremely rare, with only 10 such cases (seven were primary, and the others secondary) previously reported.
Solitary fibrous tumour of the deep soft tissues of the neck
Authors: Greig A. V. H. , Spraggs P. D. R. , Mannion E. , Rhys-Evans P. H. , Fisher C.
Published: November 2007

A case of a solitary fibrous tumour arising in the deep soft tissues of the neck is reported. This rare tumour has not previously been described in this site. We discuss the clinical presentation and pathological features.
Stability measurements of craniofacial implants by means of resonance frequency analysis. A clinical pilot study
Authors: Heo S. J. , Sennerby L. , Odersjö M. , Granström G. , Tjellström A. , Meredith N.
Published: November 2007

Nineteen patients previously treated with 52 implants for anchorage of craniofacial prostheses were subjected to implant stability measurements by means of resonancefrequency analysis (RFA), six months to 15 years after implant placement. The resonance frequency (RF) of a transducer attached to the implant abutment was measured by using a frequency response analyser, a personal computer (PC) and dedicated software. Statisticallysignificant higher RF values were seen for implants in the temporal bone as compared to implants in the nose and periorbital regions. There was a positive correlation with time since implant placement for the period from six months up to seven years. It was concludedthat the preliminary results suggest that implant stability increases with time and that implants in temporal bone are more stable than implants in the bone in the nose and periorbital regions, probably reflecting differences in bone density.
Aural papillomatosis – treatment with the carbon dioxide laser
Authors: Blair R. L. , Irani B. S. , Low C.
Published: November 2007

Aural papillomatosis has been infrequently reported in the English literature. It is a condition which can be very difficult to treat. We present the first reported case of aural papillomatosis successfully treated with the CO2 laser.
Cochlear implantation in a patient with grand mal epilepsy
Authors: Szilvassy Judith , Czigner Jeno , Somogyi Istvan , Jori Jozsef , Kiss Jozsef G. , Szilvassy Zoltan
Published: November 2007

A case is reported in which a Nucleus 22 channel intracochlear implant was used to treat a deaf Hungarian woman (aged 37 years) with a 34-year history of grand mal (GM) epilepsy maintained on carbamazepinediazepam combination therapy who had not benefited from conventional hearing aids. Pre-operative electrical stimulation of the acoustic nerve, however, exhibited a good nerve function with no evidence of abnormal waveforms in the electroencephalogram (EEG). Successful intracochlear insertion of the 22 electrode resulted in a 40 dB hearing improvement at frequencies 250–2000 Hz in the implanted ear with no signs of pathologic wave activity at either the previously recognized epileptic focus (fronto-precentral region) or indeed, in other regions of the brain at use of the implant. We conclude that intracochlear implantation per se is not a hazardous intervention in patients with fronto-precentral epileptic foci.
Primary tuberculous tracheitis
Authors: Tong F. M. , Chow S. K.
Published: November 2007

We report a case of primary tuberculous tracheitis in an otherwise healthy woman who presented with cough and stridor due to diffuse tracheal narrowing by tuberculous pseudomembranous lesion, which resolved completely with antituberculosis chemotherapy.
Tonsillar metastasis from malignant pulmonary carcinoid tumour
Authors: Linton K. , Bath A. P. , Lee J. A.
Published: November 2007

Tumour metastases to the tonsil are rare and are usually due to spread from malignant melanoma and carcinomas of the breast, lung, kidney or stomach. We describe the clinical and histological findings of a tonsillar metastasis from a malignant pulmonary carcinoid tumour, an occurrence not previously reported.
Aesthesioneuroblastoma
Authors: Koka Venkata N. , Julieron Morbize , Bourhis Jean , Janot Francois , Le Ridant Anne Marie , Marandas Patrick , Luboinski Bernard , Schwaab Guy
Published: November 2007

Forty patients were treated or followed up for aesthesioneuroblastoma between 1980 and 1995 at Institut Gustave Roussy, France. There were three T1; seven T2, 15 T3and 15 T4lesions. The cervical metastatic rate at presentation was 18 per cent. Distant metastases were detected by bone marrow biopsy and bone scan in three patients at presentation. Treatment modalities included surgery alone in eight patients, radiotherapy alone in three patients, combined modality surgery plus radiotherapy in 11 patients, chemotherapy alone in two patients, chemotherapy plus radiotherapy in 10 patients, and multimodality therapy chemotherapy plus surgery plus radiotherapy in six patients.

The five-year survival rate was 51 per cent. Multimodality treatment offered better survival (63 per cent at five years) and disease-free interval (54 months). Overall local, regional, and distant failure rates were 58 per cent, 15 per cent and 40 per cent respectively. Distant metastases commonly occurred in bone (82 per cent). Cervical metastasis was an unfavourable prognostic indicator (0 per cent survival at two years).

In conclusion, aesthesioneuroblastoma is sensitive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Multimodality therapy should be used initially.
A palatal haemangioma in a child
Authors: Lale A. M. , Jani P. , Coleman N. , Ellis P. D. M.
Published: November 2007

Haemangiomas are the commonest benign tumours of the head and neck in childhood, but they are extremely rare on the palate. We report a case of a palatal haemangioma presenting with feeding difficulties in a young infant. Clinical diagnosis and pathological features are discussed and we suggest a classification which may help in the diagnosis of these cases.
Cavernous sinus syndrome caused by a primary paranasal sinus non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: Williams Ziv , Norbash Alex , Goode Richard L.
Published: November 2007

Although uncommon, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas occasionally arise from the nose and paranasal sinuses. Rarely, they may invade into the cavernous sinus and produce signs and symptoms that characteristically include unilateral ophthalmoplegia, sensation loss in the distribution of the ophthalmic and other divisions of the trigeminal nerve, sympathetic nerve paralysis and proptosis. In this report, we present a case of cavernous sinus syndrome (CSS) caused by infiltration of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma from the adjacent paranasal sinuses and address issues regarding its diagnosis and treatment.