bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combating Fake News Online
Authors: Çömlekçi Mehmet Fatih
Published: February 2020

In today's post-truth environment, besides the increase in political polarization, the rapid spread of fake news infringes on society. In the struggle with fake news, fact-checking services have begun to play an important role. The aim of this chapter is to highlight how fact-checking services work, what their strategies and limitations are, their interaction with users, and the digital tools they use in such interactions. Thus, the platforms Teyit.org (Confirmation) and Doğruluk Payı (Share of Truth) that operate in Turkey have been chosen as exemplary cases. In the study, the content analysis and the in-depth interview methodological approaches have been used together. As a conclusion, it has been revealed that these aforementioned fact-checking services increase their activities during election times, adopt the principles of political impartiality and economic transparency, use the practices of data journalism, interact with users, and try to create a digital literacy ecosystem as an ultimate goal.
Urban Interiors and Interiorities
Authors: Attiwill Suzie
Published: February 2020

The question of the inhabitation of cities is becoming one of the key issues of the 21st century as the number of people living in cities exceeds those in rural areas for the first time in history. This chapter addresses the conjunction of urban and interior in relation to the potential of interior design as a discipline that is no longer adequately defined by an architectural context but rather as a practice that is relational and attends to the relationships between people and environments. Emerging trajectories of interior design practice will be presented with the aim of positioning the criticality of contemporary interior design practice as a laboratory for the production of new urban interiors and interiorities.
Re-Coding Homes as a Flexible Design Approach for Living Environments
Authors: Garip S. Banu , Saglar Onay Nilufer , Garip Ervin
Published: February 2020

This chapter discusses the results of the “Recoding Homes Project,” which has been conducted as a TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) research project with the title “A User-Centered Model Research Towards a Flexible Interior Spatial Design for Mass Housing Units: Urban Renewal Housing.” The project aims to improve the interior spaces of mass housing projects in accordance with user needs and to provide solutions that will increase the flexibility of interior spaces. The design model outlined in this chapter has the potential to change the traditional ways of housing supply as it gives the possibility to produce complete living environments with all their necessary components. It investigates how an interior design model can transform existing spaces into more flexible and more functional housing units. This way of housing supply can eliminate the non-compatibility between the architectural features and interior components often chosen randomly without evaluating actual conditions and needs.
Figuring Out the Interiors Through the Representation of Experiential and Interactive Environments
Authors: Amoruso Giuseppe , Mironenko Polina
Published: February 2020

In the learning society, knowledge is the new capital, and the role of the designer encompasses a visionary and imaginative force that must translate the cultural dimension of the project into formal expressions but also ensure a functional and environmental character that is nowadays enhanced by digital technologies. Design does not solely restrict itself to designing the experience of use, the “economy of experience,” but introduces an innovative vision of systems or innovative access to cultural heritage in all its forms. The chapter exploits methodologies to support the experiential design process where the tools of representation are critical to simulate, prototype, and build interiors but also arrange the right set to control and validate the final perception of a space. A participatory application for the Cola Filotesio museum of Amatrice concludes the chapter: a prototype of a community center to replace by the means of a virtual environment the church of Saint Emidio, which was razed to the ground by the 2016 earthquake.
Embryological descent, remnants and implications for thyroid surgery
Authors: Fernando Ranil
Published: February 2020

No abstract available
Anaesthetic management of a laparoscopic pancreatico-duodenectomy - case report
Authors: Wasala W. M. A. S. B. , Galkatiya K. B. , Pinto M. V. G.
Published: February 2020

A pancreatoduodenectomy involves the removal of a tumour of the peri ampullary region and head of the pancreas. It is a technically difficult procedure requiring experienced anaesthesia and surgical teams. We report the peri-operative management of a patient undergoing laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy.
Development of an animal-free methodology for mechanical performance assessment of engineered skin substitutes
Authors: Aldieri Alessandra , Terzini Mara , Massai Diana , Bignardi Cristina , Audenino Alberto
Published: February 2020

Functional substitutes for the treatment of skin wounds are nowadays widely available thanks to the progress in skin tissue engineering. However, the performance of the existing substitutes in terms of mechanical behavior, which is a determinant for their success, still does not match the native tissue. Since the mechanical behavior of skin is governed by dermis, an in-depth investigation of human dermis mechanics would be pivotal for integrating the design and validation of skin substitutes. In the perspective of reducing and replacing animal experiments through validated alternative tools, an accurate in silico constitutive model describing the human dermis mechanics is presented. Biaxial tests were performed on human dermis samples, and resulting data were used for setting the constitutive parameters of the model, able to reliably describing the mechanical properties of the native tissue, and to be compared with the mechanical behavior of skin substitutes attainable through the same procedure.
Analysis of non-animal methods and models for research in cardiovascular disease
Authors: Gasparotti Emanuele , Cioffi Margherita , Positano Vincenzo , Vignali Emanuele , Fanni Benigno Marco , Capellini Katia , Haxhiademi Dorela , Costa Emiliano , Berti Sergio , Landini Luigi , Celi Simona , Gribaldo Laura
Published: February 2020

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are disorders of the heart and blood vessels and represent 31% of all global deaths. In the contest of CVD, the use of animal experiments has been a contentious subject for many years. In recent years, in vitro and in silico models and methods have been proposed according to the 3Rs statement. However, an exhaustive report regarding the state of art in terms of in vitro and in silico experiments has not been reported yet. This work is focused on providing a collection of non-animal models and methods in use for basic and applied CVD research. The standardized descriptions of such studies will ultimately feed into EURL ECVAM database on alternative methods. Two are the research main phases. Firstly, the exclusion/ inclusion criteria and the list of relevant information resources of the research have been defined. The second phase regards the search, selection and detailed description of the literature papers by analysing records on Scopus and Pubmed databases.
Zebrafish as an alternative method for toxicological studies
Authors: Sampieri Maria , Villa Riccardo , Dotti Silvia
Published: February 2020

According to the Directive 2010/63/EU fish embryos do not fall into regulatory frameworks dealing with animal experimentation. Therefore, in compliance with the 3Rs principle, zebrafish embryos are considered as replacement or refinement methods. Since more and more industrial chemicals are recognized causes of skin sensitization, it is needed a thorough understanding of the mechanisms to make predictions of the toxic potential of novel compounds. Thus, the FET test was performed and up to four apical observations were recorded as indicators of lethality: coagulation of fertilized eggs, lack of somite formation, no detachment of the tail bud from the yolk sac and lack of heartbeat. Then, in order to assess whether the skin sensitization due to chemical incubation was really measurable, the Fish Interleukin 8 (IL8) ELISA Kit was carried out. The preliminary results obtained so far seem encouraging. However, they need to be confirmed through further ELISA tests and compared with other in vitro methods.
Reconstituted epithelial tissues and native cornea: A comparison of the influence of surfactants on ocular permeability
Authors: Zucchetti Erica , Monti Daniela , Chetoni Patrizia , Tampucci Silvia , Burgalassi Susi
Published: February 2020

The aim of this study was to prepare an artificial rabbit corneal epithelium (RRCE) to compare with a human corneal epithelial model and excised rabbit cornea through permeation studies to investigate differences of surfactants influence on ocular permeability of a lipophilic compound. First solubility assays with different surfactants were performed and the integrity of the RRCE was assessed by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). The permeation parameters showed that the RRCE was more sensitive than native cornea and human cornal epithelial model to the effect of permeation enhancers.
Geotechnical test results at a prehistoric landslide site in Breckenridge, southwestern Quebec
Authors: Wang B
Published: February 2020

Geotechnical field testing was conducted in and around a landslide occurred about 1020 cal BP in Breckenridge, southwestern Quebec. The objective of the study is to investigate the magnitude of an earthquake previously hypothesized to have triggered this and
other landslides in the region. The purpose of this Open File is to document the data obtained from the Breckenridge landslide site. The landslide is about 980 m long and 370 m wide. Four cone penetration tests (CPT) were conducted to depths ranging from 37 m to 55 m. Two CPTs were inside the
landslide scar and two outside. Field vane shear tests (VST) were carried out at three CPT locations. The CPT cone bearing factor Nkt was calibrated to be 11.5. The soil undrained shear strength (Su) was found to have a correlation of Su = 15 + 2.66 H (kPa), where H is depth in meters from the
original ground surface elevation at the head scarp. All the CPT data consistently show the same trend for the undisturbed materials. The slip surface was found to be at about 15 m depth from the original ground surface.
Intendance des opioïdes : Passer du « pourquoi » au « comment »
Authors: Brown Glen
Published: February 2020

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Modeling the global radiative effect of brown carbon: a potentially larger heating source in the tropical free troposphere than black carbon
Authors: Zhang Aoxing , Wang Yuhang , Zhang Yuzhong , Weber Rodney J. , Song Yongjia , Ke Ziming , Zou Yufei
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Carbonaceous aerosols significantly affect global
radiative forcing and climate through absorption
and the scattering of sunlight. Black carbon (BC) and brown carbon (BrC) are
light-absorbing carbonaceous aerosols. The direct radiative effect (DRE) of
BrC is uncertain. A recent study suggests that BrC absorption is comparable
to BC in the upper troposphere over biomass burning regions and that the
resulting radiative heating tends to stabilize the atmosphere. Yet current
climate models do not include proper physical and chemical treatments of
BrC. In this study, we derived a BrC global biomass burning emission
inventory on the basis of the Global Fire Emissions Database version 4 (GFED4),
developed a module to simulate the light absorption of BrC in the Community
Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5) of the Community Earth System Model (CESM), and investigated the photobleaching effect and convective transport
of BrC on the basis of Studies of Emissions, Atmospheric Composition, Clouds
and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC4RS) and Deep Convective
Clouds and Chemistry Project (DC3) measurements. The model simulations of BC
were also evaluated using HIAPER (High-Performance Instrumented Airborne
Platform for Environmental Research) Pole-to-Pole Observations (HIPPO)
measurements. We found that globally BrC is a significant absorber, the DRE
of which is 0.10 W m−2, more than 25 % of BC DRE (+0.39 W m−2).
Most significantly, model results indicated that BrC atmospheric heating in
the tropical mid and upper troposphere is larger than that of BC. The source
of tropical BrC is mainly from wildfires, which are more prevalent in the
tropical regions than higher latitudes and release much more BrC relative to
BC than industrial sources. While BC atmospheric heating is skewed towards the northern mid-latitude lower atmosphere, BrC heating is more centered in the
tropical free troposphere. A possible mechanism for the enhanced convective
transport of BrC is that hydrophobic high molecular weight BrC becomes a
larger fraction of the BrC and less easily activated in a cloud as the
aerosol ages. The contribution of BrC heating to the Hadley circulation and
latitudinal expansion of the tropics is likely comparable to BC heating.
In-situ cloud ground based measurements in Finnish sub-Arctic: Intercomparison of three cloud spectrometers
Authors: Doulgeris Konstantinos-Matthaios , Komppula Mika , Romakkaniemi Sami , Hyvärinen Antti-Pekka , Kerminen Veli-Matti , Brus David
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Continuous, semi-long term, ground based, in-situ cloud measurements were conducted during the Pallas Cloud Experiment (PaCE) in 2013. The measurements were carried out in Finnish sub-Arctic region at Sammaltunturi station (67°58'N, 24°07'E, and 560 m a.s.l.), the part of Pallas Atmosphere – Ecosystem Supersite and Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) programme. The main motivation of the campaign was to conduct in-situ cloud measurements with three different cloud spectrometer probes and perform an evaluation of their ground based setups. Therefore, we mutually compared the performance of the Cloud and Aerosol Spectrometer (CAS), the Cloud Droplet Probe (CDP) and the Forward Scattering Spectrometer Probe (FSSP-100), (DMT, Boulder, CO, USA). We investigated how different meteorological parameters affect each instrument operation and quantified possible biases and discrepancies of different microphysical cloud properties. Based on obtained results we suggested limitations for further use of the instruments in campaigns where focus is on investigating aerosol cloud interactions. Measurements in this study were made by Finnish Meteorological Institute owned instruments and results concern their operation in sub-Arctic conditions with frequently occurring super-cooled clouds. Measured parameter from each instrument was the size distribution and additionally we derived the number concentration, the effective diameter, the median volume diameter and the liquid water content. A complete intercomparison between the CAS probe and the FSSP-100 and additionally between the FSSP-100 and the CDP probe was made and presented. Unfortunately, there was not sufficient amount of common data to compare all three probes together due to operational problems of the CDP ground setup in sub-zero conditions. The CAS probe that was fixed to one direction lost significant number of cloud droplets when the wind direction was out of wind iso axial conditions in comparison with the FSSP-100 and the CDP which were both placed on a rotating platform. We revealed that CAS and FSSP-100 had good agreement in deriving sizing parameters (effective diameter and median volume diameter from 5 to 35 µm) even though CAS was losing a significant amount of cloud droplets. The most sensitive derived parameter was liquid water content which was strongly connected to the wind direction and temperature.
Persistent effects of sand extraction on habitats and associated benthic communities in the German Bight
Authors: Mielck Finn , Michaelis Rune , Hass H. Christian , Hertel Sarah , Ganal Caroline , Armonies Werner
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Sea-level rise demands for protection measures of endangered coastlines crucial for the local population. At the island of Sylt in the SE North Sea, shoreline erosion is compensated by replenishment with sand dredged from an offshore excavation site. We studied the long-term effects of sand extraction on bathymetry, geomorphology, habitats, and benthic fauna. Hydroacoustic surveys revealed that changes of bathymetry and habitat characteristics caused by sand extraction can be still detected after > 35 years while the investigation of grab samples revealed persistent changes in sediment composition and benthic faunal composition. The comparison of recently dredged areas ( 10 years ago) and undisturbed sites exposed significant differences in the number of individuals and species of macrozoobenthic organisms as well as in the mud content, indicating a persistent successional stage of the communities in the dredged areas. The slow backfill of the dredging pits results from low ambient sediment availability and relatively calm hydrodynamic conditions, despite high wave energy during storms. Based on current sedimentation rates, we conclude that a complete backfill of the deep excavation sites and re-establishment of the benthic communities is likely to take centuries in this area. Since re-establishment of the benthic communities depends on previous re-establishment of habitat characteristics, habitat mapping with remote sensing techniques is suggested as a cost-effective means to monitor the state of regeneration.
Weather extremes over Europe under 1.5 °C and 2.0 °C global warming from HAPPI regional climate ensemble simulations
Authors: Sieck Kevin , Nam Christine , Bouwer Laurens M. , Rechid Diana , Jacob Daniela
Published: February 2020

Abstract. This paper presents a novel data set of regional climate model simulations over Europe that significantly improves our ability to detect changes in weather extremes under low and moderate levels of global warming. The data set provides a unique and physically consistent data set, as it is derived from a large ensemble of regional climate model simulations. These simulations were driven by two global climate models from the international HAPPI consortium. The set consists of 100 × 10-year simulations and 25 × 10-year simulations, respectively. These large ensembles allow for regional climate change and weather extremes to be investigated with an improved signal-to-noise ratio compared to previous climate simulations. The changes in four climate indices for temperature targets of 1.5 °C and 2.0 °C global warming are quantified: number of days per year with daily mean near-surface apparent temperature of > 28 °C (ATG28); the yearly maximum 5-day sum of precipitation (RX5day); the daily precipitation intensity of the 50-yr return period (RI50yr); and the annual Consecutive Dry Days (CDD). This work shows that even for a small signal in projected global mean temperature, changes of extreme temperature and precipitation indices can be robustly estimated. For temperature related indices changes in percentiles can also be estimated with high confidence. Such data can form the basis for tailor-made climate information that can aid adaptive measures at a policy-relevant scales, indicating potential impacts at low levels of global warming at steps of 0.5 °C.
2020 AAHA Anesthesia and Monitoring Guidelines for Dogs and Cats*
Authors: Grubb Tamara , Sager Jennifer , Gaynor James S. , Montgomery Elizabeth , Parker Judith A. , Shafford Heidi , Tearney Caitlin
Published: February 2020

Risk for complications and even death is inherent to anesthesia. However, the use of guidelines, checklists, and training can decrease the risk of anesthesia-related adverse events. These tools should be used not only during the time the patient is unconscious but also before and after this phase. The framework for safe anesthesia delivered as a continuum of care from home to hospital and back to home is presented in these guidelines. The critical importance of client communication and staff training have been highlighted. The role of perioperative analgesia, anxiolytics, and proper handling of fractious/fearful/aggressive patients as components of anesthetic safety are stressed. Anesthesia equipment selection and care is detailed. The objective of these guidelines is to make the anesthesia period as safe as possible for dogs and cats while providing a practical framework for delivering anesthesia care. To meet this goal, tables, algorithms, figures, and “tip” boxes with critical information are included in the manuscript and an in-depth online resource center is available at aaha.org/anesthesia.
Pautas para ordenar, planificar y gestionar el desarrollo del territorio-ciudad en el área metropolitana de Managua
Authors: Guerrero Napoleón
Published: February 2020

El texto es una breve reflexión surgida de la observación y recorrido de la ciudad de Managua. Para mejorarlo haría falta una comprobación experimental de las ideas aquí recogidas, es decir cuantificar y medir los aspectos enunciados. Sin embargo, se pretende problematizar sobre estas situaciones para encontrar pautas y recomendaciones que apunte a la elaboración de un modelo viable. Este reconocimiento visual recoge las potencialidades de una ciudad que está en acelerado crecimiento, que tiene muchos espacios de oportunidad y una gran riqueza paisajística. Las observaciones realizadas ponen en duda algunas nociones fosilizadas en el pensamiento urbanístico de los últimos 60 años, proponen superar estos paradigmas como el dualismo campo-ciudad, la visión desarrollista y crecimiento ilimitado; para situarnos en una perspectiva apoyada en ideas como capacidad de carga del territorio, racionalidad de las nuevas extensiones de la ciudad, clasificación del suelo y límite de suelo urbano; preservación del patrimonio de los suelos de valor natural, productivo y paisajístico; pensamiento propio e identidad cultural.
Propuesta técnica para la obtención de quitina a partir de caparazones de crustáceos a nivel de planta piloto
Authors: Benavente Silva Martha
Published: February 2020

Con este proyecto se logró determinar las condiciones óptimas para procesar caparazón de camarón y cola de langostino para la obtención de quitina. Así también, se determinaron los principales equipos para el montaje de la planta piloto, la cual podría ser ubicada en el laboratorio de operaciones unitarias de la FIQ. Este estudio servirá de referencia para realizar proyectos de investigación que involucre la obtención de valiosos productos a partir de desechos.
GEOGRAFIA FÍSICA CRÍTICA, TOPOCLIMATOLOGIA ANDINA E O EXTRATIVISMO MINEIRO NO SALAR DE ATACAMA
Authors: Romero Hugo , Paiva Julio Cesar , Opazo Dustyn
Published: February 2020

A imposição de redes, estratégias e práticas de produção territorial por estados e empresas transnacionais estão reduzindo a resiliência das comunidades no que diz respeito aos eventos climáticos mais extremos. Nesse contexto, o presente artigo explora a atual luta das comunidades indígenas que resistem à mineração de lítio no Salar de Atacama, em meio ao Deserto do Atacama. A extracção de água através de poços profundos nos graus superiores do relevo, além de seu uso para produzir e industrializar o lítio estão ameaçando a sobrevivência de algumas comunidades andinas representantes da etnia atacameña. A partir da Geografia Física Crítica e da Climatologia Cultural, pretende-se contrapor o cosmopolitismo dos modelos de mudança do clima e sua falta de especificidade geográfica, sem a qual não é possível compreender a epistemologia, a ontologia e as metodologias de adaptação a tais mudanças. A climatologia geográfica cultural pode aprender muito a partir das formas, processos e estruturas de adaptação às mudanças e variabilidades apresentadas pelas comunidades que, em seu cotidiano, enfrentam os desafios causados pelas perturbações dos sistemas naturais e socioeconômicos em seus territórios, reconfigurando a disposição e o acesso aos recursos tradicionais. Caso não haja uma integração e coprodução entre as áreas científicas e populares, o conhecimento local dos topoclimas, as formas de adaptação às mudanças e variabilidades climáticas, e até mesmo as próprias comunidades tradicionais correm o risco de desaparecer devido à agressividade e à crescente presença de atores externos de natureza colonizadora.
CLIMATOLOGIA URBANA: CONCEITOS, METODOLOGIAS E TÉCNICAS
Authors: Fialho Edson Soares , Fernandes Ludmilla Alves , Correa Wesley De Souza Campos
Published: February 2020

A climatologia urbana, desde o final do século XX, no Brasil, mais precisamente após a criação do Simpósio Brasileiro de Climatologia Geográfica, vem contribuindo para com o avanço dos estudos do clima urbano no Brasil. Mas não apenas a Geografia se interessou pelo clima das cidades, as demais ciências que abordam o meio urbano, assim como os arquitetos, meteorologistas, engenheiros, urbanistas, dentre outras áreas do saber, se apropriando da temática e aplicando novas técnicas e metodologias que a própria ciência Geográfica vem incorporando. A questão da mudança climática muito influenciou o trabalho, mas o foco será discutir conceitos, demonstrar as vantagens e desvantagens de algumas técnicas e métodos de campo para registro e tratamento das informações no meio urbano. E como cenário da aplicação dessas técnicas é a mancha urbana, situada no município de Viçosa-MG será destacada como nosso recorte espacial que servirá de base para discutir o conceito de clima urbano e de ilha de calor.
PADRÕES ESPACIAIS DAS TENDÊNCIAS DAS PRECIPITAÇÕES SAZONAIS E MENSAIS NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ – BRASIL.
Authors: Ely Deise Fabiana
Published: February 2020

Com o objetivo de aprofundar a análise climática em escala regional, o presente artigo objetiva estudar a distribuição espaço-temporal dos totais pluviométricos sazonais e mensais no estado do Paraná e de suas tendências utilizando uma modelagem geoestatística que procura identificar as tendências por meio dos testes da Correlação Linear, de Mann-Kendall e dos mínimos quadrados ordinários; calculadas ao nível dos pixels dos mapas, com uma resolução espacial de um quilômetro. As chuvas anuais foram analisadas por meio do método gráfico cronológico de processamento da informação e foi estabelecida uma relação com os índices climáticos da Oscilação Sul e da temperatura da superfície do mar na região do El Niño 3.4; sendo constatado que as médias das precipitações anuais estão em fase com tais índices. Foi verificado que as chuvas sazonais e mensais no Paraná apresentam a variabilidade característica deste fenômeno meteorológico, mas com áreas em que os valores são mais significativos para o aumento do que para a redução. As tendências positivas identificadas para as estações de verão, inverno e primavera são influenciadas pelos valores também positivos dos meses de janeiro, fevereiro, junho, julho e outubro.
O DESAFIO DA INTEGRAÇÃO DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS PARA A ADAPTAÇÃO ÀS MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS NO SEMIÁRIDO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Milhorance Carolina , Mendes Priscylla , Mesquita Patricia , Morimura Michelle , Reis Rafael , Rodrigues Filho Saulo , Bursztyn Marcel
Published: February 2020

O artigo discute os desafios do nexo água-energia-alimentos-clima no contexto da região do Submédio rio São Francisco, identificando conflitos históricos e perspectivas atuais para a governança dos recursos naturais. A evolução dos processos sócio-históricos de ocupação do território e de implementação de políticas públicas será apresentada numa primeira seção, com foco nos projetos energéticos e suas interações com a utilização de recursos hídricos e com questões produtivas e agrárias. A segunda seção apresenta os dados primários de investimento público na região, cujo alvo tem sido os projetos eólicos, e as interações interinstitucionais para a execução destes recursos. A terceira seção discute os riscos apresentados pelos projetos eólicos, no sentido de reproduzir os padrões desiguais de investimentos no território e aumentar a vulnerabilidade socioambiental, apesar do potencial destes projetos em promover a mitigação das mudanças climáticas.
ANÁLISE DA PRECIPITAÇÃO ATRAVÉS DO USO DE TÉCNICAS MULTIFRACTAL EM PERÍODOS CHUVOSOS E SECOS NO MÉDIO E BAIXO CURSO DAS BACIAS DOS RIOS TIETÊ E PARANAPANEMA (SP)
Authors: Christofoletti Anderson Luís Hebling , Fontão Pedro Augusto Breda , Azevedo Thiago Salomão de , Maia Diego Correa , Nascimento Melchior Carlos do , Megda Otávio Reis
Published: February 2020

A presente pesquisa analisa a aplicação das técnicas de origem multifractal para semestres chuvosos e secos em anos-padrão, considerados respectivamente chuvoso, habitual e seco, na região do médio e baixo curso da bacia do rio Tietê e no setor paulista da bacia do rio Paranapanema. Seguindo esta premissa, na área das bacias hidrográficas em questão, foi realizada uma análise espacial das chuvas por meio da construção de mapas de distribuição dos valores de dimensão fractal das precipitações, para os limiares de 0,1, 10, 20 e 40 milímetros. A dimensão multifractal mostrou-se compatível com o índice de participação obtido em outros estudos, podendo gerar indicadores numérico coerentes com o ritmo pluviométrico e a dinâmica das chuvas nestas áreas.
VALIDAÇÃO DOS DADOS DE PRECIPITAÇÃO ESTIMADOS PELO CHIRPS PARA O BRASIL
Authors: Costa Julio Cezar , Pereira Gabriel , Siqueira Maria Elisa , Da Silva Cardozo Francielle , Da Silva Viviane Valéria
Published: February 2020

Entre os elementos do sistema climático que influenciam as atividades socioeconômicas, a precipitação apresenta papel fundamental em áreas tropicais.  Regiões como África e América do Sul apresentam uma escassez considerável de observações desta variável, uma vez que a rede de estações meteorológicas não cobre sistematicamente todo o território. Neste contexto, produtos de múltiplos sensores, algoritmos e modelos climáticos são utilizados cada vez mais para análises dos elementos atmosféricos, do clima e da influência da precipitação nas características ambientais. Assim, há uma demanda crescente de validação de produtos orbitais e de simulações numéricas de forma a dar suporte aos estudos da distribuição espacial e temporal da precipitação. Este estudo tem como objetivo principal analisar os dados mensais de precipitação do produto Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPS) e verificar sua similaridade com os dados de estações meteorológicas do conjunto de informações do Centro de Previsão de Tempo e Estudos Climáticos (CPTEC) do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE) e do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET) para o território brasileiro para os anos de 1981 a 2011. Para avaliar o CHIRPS, foram utilizados dados de 183 estações meteorológicas do INMET/CPTEC. Os resultados indicam que todas as regiões políticas do Brasil apresentaram correlação linear alta entre as informações do INMET/CPTEC e CHIRPS (95,4 %), ainda, quando consideramos toda a área do Brasil, a correlação linear média entre os dados é de 97%, significativa a p<0,05, teste t-student. Espacialmente, o noroeste do estado do Amazonas e o sudoeste do Pará apresentaram as maiores diferenças entre o conjunto de dados. As estimativas do CHIRPS ajustadas linearmente com os dados do INMET/CPTEC apresentaram uma concordância mais acentuada.
Improving Learners’ Oral Proficiency in French Through the Communicative Approach: Colleges of Education in Oyo in Focus
Authors: Akanbi Balogun Thomas , Ndidi Kezie-Osuagwu Clementina
Published: February 2020

It cannot be overemphasised that French language is a foreign language in Nigeria and that its teaching and learning cannot take the same process as acquiring/learning the mother tongue or a second language. Foreign language learning requires some strategic applications in order to be able to interact with the native speakers in real life day to day communication. This study aims at delving into some teaching strategies involving the communicative approach to teaching French as a foreign language in order to boost the oral proficiency of our learners in French. The teachers and students in two colleges of Education namely Federal College of Education (Special) [FCES] and Emmanuel Alayande College of Education (EACOED), both located in Oyo town, were the participants in the study. Data were collected through classroom observation, students’ achievement test as well as questionnaires for teachers. The results indicated that students perform better when the teachers employ the communicative approach. Based on the findings of this study, it is therefore recommended that teachers of French language use the communicative language teaching approach to build confidence in their students as this will help to develop faster their linguistic skills, given that this approach gives priority to listening and speaking skills over reading and writing skills.
AS CONEXÕES E A CIRCULAÇÃO DE LIVROS ENTRE AS ORDENS TERCEIRAS FRANCISCANAS NAS DUAS MARGENS DO ATLÂNTICO NO SÉCULO XVIII
Authors: Moraes Juliana de Mello
Published: February 2020

A grande produção e difusão dos livros religiosos durante a Idade Moderna denotaram a essa bibliografia papel relevante naquele período. Além da sua expressividade numérica, as obras religiosas indicavam um leque alargado de preocupações e intenções, visando atender a distintas situações e necessidades tanto dos membros da Igreja quanto dos fiéis. Essa literatura orientava, sobretudo, as práticas religiosas no interior das associações de leigos, tais como irmandades, confrarias e Ordens Terceiras, seja no Reino ou na América portuguesa. A partir do conceito de comunidade de interpretação, cunhado por Roger Chartier, verifica-se a relevância das obras impressas entre os irmãos terceiros franciscanos. Desse modo, a partir da leitura, transcrição paleográfica e análise da documentação produzida pelas Ordens Terceiras franciscanas de Braga (Portugal) e São Paulo (Brasil), ao longo do século XVIII, constatou-se a circularidade dos livros religiosos entre instituições congêneres, bem como os usos destinados a essas obras na conformação de ritos e práticas religiosas.
FORMAÇÃO HUMANISTA E EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Panasiewicz Roberlei , Cruz Camila Campos Marçal da , Gonçalves Dinéia Fontoura
Published: February 2020

A prática da intolerância e da violência, seja no campo religioso ou não, é constante na sociedade contemporânea. Neste contexto e a partir do ambiente educacional, pergunta-se: é possível educar para a valorização do humano e diminuir a violência? Esta reflexão visa responder a esta pergunta ao mesmo tempo em propõe que a formação humanista deve participar de maneira articulada com a formação intelectual no processo de ensino-aprendizagem das crianças e adolescentes. Este estudo faz parte de uma pesquisa mais ampla sobre a tolerância e a promoção da cultura de paz em algumas escolas públicas de Ensino Fundamental da periferia da cidade de Belo Horizonte/MG. Partindo da análise dos Projetos Políticos Pedagógicos, dos planos de aula da disciplina de Ensino Religioso e da observação participativa buscou-se compreender como os temas das humanidades são tratados nestes espaços. Urge uma educação para a alteridade e para a cidadania que perpasse disciplinas, projetos e temas transversais. Esta reflexão se estrutura apresentando os desafios do processo de ensino-aprendizagem, da educação para a tolerância e para o diálogo inter-religioso como princípios para bem saber e bem viver no ambiente escolar. A vivência da cultura da paz e da cidadania devem perpassar o ensino fundamental e superar contextos de intolerância e de violência de forma a educar para a responsabilidade social.
O CONHECIMENTO AMOROSO ADVAITA
Authors: Grassi Rita Macedo
Published: February 2020

A partir da perspectiva hindu, conhecida como advaita ou adualidade, Panikkar faz uma crítica à primazia do pensamento científico em detrimento de uma visão mais holística da realidade que, para ele, estaria relacionada à experiência de uma nova inocência. Tal experiência exige uma visão do terceiro olho, que integra a razão e os sentidos, que também pode ser chamada de experiência mística ou intuição advaita. Na visão panikkariana, a mística é uma relação adualista entre a ação e a contemplação, o conhecimento e o amor. Através de pesquisa bibliográfica em uma perspectiva metodológica crítico-analítica, mostraremos de que forma ele constrói sua crítica e aponta o caminho que, ao seu entender, leva a um tipo de conhecimento amoroso, mais integrado ao que chama de experiência da Vida.
A Requirements engineering process for a quality model in Cuba
Authors: Lazo Yoandy , Tamayo Leanet , Enamorado Odannis , Ramos Kariné
Published: February 2020

A high percentage of projects worldwide fail or are canceled due to incorrect requirements engineering. Incorporating good practices into this process provides the appropriate mechanism to understand and analyze what stakeholders want and need. It also allows to evaluate and negotiate a reasonable solution, specify, validate and manage the requirements as they are transformed into a functional system. The objective of this research is to elaborate a process of Requirements Engineering for the Quality Model for Software Development that contributes to raise the percentage of successful projects, in Cuban´s software development organizations, regarding the fulfillment of the agreed requirements. The solution proposal contains specific requirements and support elements (graphic and textual description of the process), divided by the three levels of maturity proposed by the Model. In order to reach the proposed goal, a bibliographic review was made on the requirements engineering discipline, as well as interviews and surveys to roles related to this activity in the software development organizations of Cuba. The solution was evaluated by experts in a focus group and put into practice, as a pilot, in three organizations, it was also measured the satisfaction of the users who used it using the Iadov technique.
Factors affecting the Academic Performance of university students residing in Student Housing Facility
Authors: Hasan Shazia , Fatima Mehreen
Published: February 2020

Student housing facility (SHF) has been considered as an indispensable part of the facilities offered by higher education institutes today. This study is conducted to find out the impact of satisfaction generated from student housing facility and social support on their stress level, self-esteem and self-efficacy. The major focus of the study is to investigate the impact of above mentioned factors on students academic performance. Study also shows the gradual changes in these factors that come with each semester. A cross-sectional survey is conducted through questionnaires. Targeted population consists of all the girls of bachelor programs residing in Fatima Jinnah Girls Hostel of COMSATS Institute of information Technology, Lahore. A sample of 200 students is selected through systematic random sampling. Some of the results are consistent with literature while some of them show contradictory results. Further research can be conducted to investigate those results further. This study is a contribution towards literature as few studies are conducted on student housing facilities in the context of Pakistan.
The Features of the Modern Concept of Separation of Powers as an Element of Constitutionalism - “The Garden of Eden” or “The Dark Side of the Moon ”?
Authors: Trajkovska-Hristovska Jelena
Published: February 2020

The focus of the contemporary constitutional law and the constitutionalism is the limitation of the government by the means of legal instruments and mechanisms. Therefore, the analysis of the relation between the concept of constitutionalism and the principle of separation of powers has the central position of this paper. The paper elaborates the concept of constitutionalism as an idea and ideology of limited and controlled power. At the same time it has been emphasised that the development of the constitutionalism as a doctrine is possible only with previous analysis of its basic elements. The principle of "separation of powers" is one of these elements. The second point of this paper refers to the principle of “separation of powers” as one of the basic principles and concepts of the contemporary constitutions. The principle of separation of powers is a basic idea, general objective and a constant of the contemporary legal order. However, the paper will point out that the new situation in the relations between the branches of the government and the adaptation of the principle of separation of powers to the new circumstances, in the constitutional literature is known as contemporary constitutionalism. The paper elaborates the concepts of judicial supremacy and judicial paramontcy as elements of the contemporary American constitutionalism, as well as the manners and attempts for their theoretical justification. On the other hand, the paper will elaborate the phenomenon of judicial juristocracy in the European continental systems for control of constitutionality. The paper highlights the implementation of the doctrine of review of the constitutionality of the constitutional norms (verfassungswidrigen Verfassungsrechts) in the practice of the European constitutional courts. It elaborates the dilemma does the interpretation of the “mischievous phrases” of the constitution, by introducing concepts for ,,symbolic constitution” and ,,constitution behind a constitution” on one hand, and the introduction of the doctrine of review of the constitutionality of the constitutional norms on other, overhangs the concept of separation of powers, as The Sword of Leviathan.
Finally the paper sets the dilemma whether the tectonic shift of the focus of decision making towards the legislative – executive – judicial power, and the unhidden and manifested will, ambition and activity of the courts to control the action of political authorities as a feature of the contemporary constitutionalism, is the so-called “the garden of Eden” or its opposite “the Dark Side of the Moon”.
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Authors: Library Association American
Published: February 2020

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Spirometra Mansonoides em fezes de felino doméstico no município de Pelotas, RS, Brasil, relato de caso
Authors: Ferraz Alexsander , Pires Bruna dos Santos , Barwaldt Eugênia Tavares , Santos Eduarda Machado dos , Dallmann Paola Renata Joanol , Castro Tanize Angonesi de , Nobre Márcia de Oliveira , Nizoli Leandro Quintana
Published: February 2020

Spirometra Mansonoides é um Cestódeo da família Diphyllobothriidae, agente responsável pela zoonose parasitária denominada Esparganose. Acomete o intestino delgado de diversos mamíferos, como cães e gatos, seus hospedeiros definitivos (HD), e também o homem. Possui dois hospedeiros intermediários (HI), o crustáceo copépode (1º HI), que pode ser ingerido pelo 2º HI, como repteis, anfíbios e peixes. O HD geralmente infecta-se pela ingestão do 2º HI contendo larvas pleurocercóides em seus tecidos. O diagnóstico pode ser realizado através de exame coproparasitológico, onde a técnica de sedimentação é bastante eficaz para visualização dos ovos. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso de felino doméstico infectado por Spirometra sp. evidenciando o diagnóstico deste parasito.
A importância do prontuário eletrônico para a perícia médica
Authors: Araújo Yanne Pinheiro de , Oliveira Halley Ferraro , Carranza Brenda Louise Prado , Lima Marina Guimarães , Chaves Renata Calhau Bezerra
Published: February 2020

O prontuário eletrônico do paciente (PEP) de forma organizada e concisa possui diversas vantagens, como facilidade de armazenamento, segurança e confiabilidade, com efeitos jurídicos. O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a importância dos prontuários eletrônicos nos exames periciais. Foram pesquisados artigos nas Bases de Dados: Pubmed, Scielo, Bireme, além de livros de Medicina Legal e Legislação aplicada. Houve poucas publicações relevantes ao tema, sendo encontradas somente 09 referências; o PEP é um dos documentos mais importantes na questão judicial, sendo cada vez mais utilizado pelos profissionais de saúde; o armazenamento de documentos do PEP em suporte digital apresenta um nível de segurança maior em seus dados. É fundamental que o prontuário eletrônico esteja completo, pois, se estiver incompleto, ilegível ou não existir, o médico legista não poderá utilizar essas informações para fundamentar o laudo pericial. Dessa forma, as Instituições de Saúde têm por dever a manutenção do prontuário atualizado e sob sua guarda, pronto a qualquer momento para consulta, ou por intermédio de pleito judicial ser enviada a cópia fiel ao juízo provocado. Ainda que o prontuário eletrônico seja um dos principais documentos para a perícia médica, não houve muitas publicações de trabalhos científicos para um estudo mais aprofundado do tema. Porém, ainda assim, foi possível perceber que a sua digitalização trouxe uma maior facilidade de acesso, de armazenamento, e de uma segurança jurídica maior tanto para o médico quanto para o periciado.
O ‘brincar’ na educação infantil e o desenvolvimento da criança
Authors: Moraes Vanessa Magnante de
Published: February 2020

No presente artigo, busca-se retratar, por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa e bibliográfica, a relevância que reside na prática da ludicidade e das brincadeiras na Educação Infantil e suas contribuições para o desenvolvimento das crianças. Defende-se que o brincar é um comportamento intrinsecamente motivado; postulado como uma atividade que deve facilitar a aprendizagem e/ou a prática de comportamentos específicos. Diante dos estudos arraigados a presente pesquisa, constatou-se que as fantasias imaginativas e as brincadeiras podem compensar as pressões do cotidiano. Desse modo, entende-se que, por meio do brincar, deve-se incentivar que os sentimentos sejam compartilhados, possibilitando à criança reconhecê-los, aceitá-los e expressá-los. Dessa maneira a criança exterioriza os seus sentimentos, minimizando seu sofrimento. Além disso, descobriu-se, também, que as crianças mais velhas preferem os jogos simbólicos, a fantasia (dramatização, teatro), estão assim preparando a vida adulta. O desenvolvimento humano é um processo de individualização crescente que acontece desde o nascimento, através da interação social. O ambiente no qual a criança está inserido é seu recurso básico de desenvolvimento.
History of the Scopus Expert Content Selection and Advisory Committee of Korea
Authors: Kim Hyungsun
Published: February 2020

With the objective of improving the quality of Korean journals and elevating them to international standards, the National Research Foundation of Korea, in consultation with Elsevier, formed the Scopus Expert Content Selection and Advisory Committee-Korea (ECSAC-Korea) as a local selection committee in August 2012. The committee reviews Korean journals for Scopus indexing and recommends them to the Scopus Content Selection and Advisory Board. In September 2019, ECSAC-Korea became part of the Korean Council of Science Editors (KCSE). This article describes the current status of Scopus indexing in Korea and the history, organizational structure, and role of ECSAC-Korea as part of the KCSE. The article also introduces the members of ECSAC-Korea and the KCSE steering committee for Scopus ECSAC-Korea, who have been active since September 2019.