bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study on Anomaly based Intrusion Detection using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: S Sabeena , S Chitra
Published: November 2024

With an array of applications, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have the potential to transform the world into a smart planet. WSNs consist of a collection of resource-constrained sensors that gather data, which is then utilized for decision-making and analysis, leading to improvements in quality of service, management, and efficiency. However, the open nature of WSNs exposes them to numerous vulnerabilities and threats. Operating in potentially hostile and unattended environments makes these networks attractive targets for adversaries. Therefore, it is essential to detect the presence of malicious attacks within the networks and implement robust security systems to address these challenges. While traditional security mechanisms such as authentication and cryptographic methods are commonly employed, they often fall short in effectively countering the dynamic nature of modern attacks. Hence, IDS (Intrusion Detection System) tends to continuously monitor the network and detect potential threats in real-time scenarios. This method possess the ability of identifying, responding promptly, preventing and thus ensures resilience of the network. Therefore, the present study reviews the various intrusion detection techniques and data collection methods. The main aim of the study is to investigate the design challenges of deploying IDS in a WSN environment. So, the study analysed the AI (Artificial Intelligence) based techniques involved in intrusion detection and how these techniques could be adopted in WSN. In addition, the comparative analysis of several ML (Machine Learning) and DL (Deep Learning) algorithms are also deliberated to portray the different deployment technique with corresponding outcomes. Further, the main challenges faced by each studies with their limitations are specified for supporting future researchers in developing new trends in intrusion detection for WSN.
Resúmenes
Authors: Educacional Perspectiva
Published: November 2024

Resúmenes de los artículos del número
Prospectiva de las Didácticas Específicas, una rama de las Ciencias de la Educación para la eficacia en el aula.
Authors: González Gallego Isidoro
Published: November 2024

Las Didácticas Específicas o Didácticas de Área, son de reciente aparición en estos campos de conocimiento que constituyen “las Ciencias de la Educación”. Se trata de una especialización de las diferentes disciplinas científicas (la que se preocupa por los fenómenos generados al ser comunicadas), pero también de una especialización de las ciencias educativas, en tanto en cuanto se ocupa, dentro del análisis y la teorización curricular, de la aplicación de cada disciplina en el aula. Y ello, porque el horizonte final y la herramienta que la educación utiliza es, fundamentalmente, el conocimiento disciplinar: la "asignatura". Unas ciencias que estudien la utilización del conocimiento para educar tienen mucho que aportar y, pese a su reciente origen, lo están empezando a hacer a partir de la definición de sus objetivos y su marco de actuación, así como la creación de su propia comunidad científica.
Pasado, presente y futuro de la atención a las necesidades educativas especiales: Hacia una educación inclusiva.
Authors: Torres González José Antonio
Published: November 2024

En este artículo pretendemos abordar, desde una postura analítica, el desarrollo de la atención a las necesidades educativas especiales, tanto desde el discurso disciplinar como el metadisciplinar. Se entiende por discurso disciplinar el análisis que cada disciplina hace de la realidad que constituye su objeto de estudio y por metadisciplinar el análisis que la disciplina hace de sí misma y de la naturaleza de los conocimientos que vehicula. El objetivo, por tanto, es clarificar la estructura conceptual, el status epistemológico y la propia definición que en la actualidad se le otorga al proceso de atención a la diversidad, analizando los diferentes cambios que se han producido en la atención al alumnado con necesidades educativas en el recorrido que va desde la segregación a la inclusión, condición necesaria a la hora de pensar en su poder formativo para los futuros profesionales que cursen sus estudios de Licenciatura en Pedagogía, Psicología y Psicopedagogía.
La didáctica en el núcleo del mejoramiento de los aprendizajes. Entre la agenda clásica y actual de la Didáctica.
Authors: Bolívar Botía Antonio , Bolívar Ruano Mª Rosel
Published: November 2024

El artículo hace una revisión de la tradición didáctica vinculada a la entrada del discurso curricular, para plantear qué papel puede desempeñar en una agenda actual. Con el renacimiento de la Didáctica europea en el ámbito anglosajón, junto a las teorías del cambio educativo que sitúan la práctica docente en el aula en el núcleo de la mejora, estamos en coyuntura adecuada para revisar la tradición recibida, su conjunción con la curricular y resignificar la Didáctica, en función de las nuevas demandas de la práctica. La mejora sucede cuando se desarrollan buenos procesos de enseñanza a nivel de aula. De ahí la relevancia, junto a otros factores que se describen, de la metodología didáctica. Se hace una revisión del tema en las dos últimas décadas, contrastando la bibliografía anglosajona y la hispanoamericana.
La práctica docente: una oportunidad de desarrollo profesional
Authors: Correa Molina Enrique
Published: November 2024

Los programas de formación inicial docente orientados por un enfoque por competencias no pueden hacer abstracción de la práctica porque es en el contexto real del ejercicio profesional que las competencias pueden manifestarse. La práctica tiene un potencial formador extremadamente rico cuando ésta considera la presencia de formadores preparados para asumir ese rol. Este texto trata de uno de los formadores de la triada, el supervisor de prácticas y presenta algunos elementos conceptuales y metodológicos utilizados en el estudio. La metodología cualitativa permite aprehender la manera en la que estos formadores han modificado y enriquecido sus recursos para poder responder con eficacia a las necesidades de los estudiantes que acompañan durante su proceso formativo
On $T$-maps and ideals of antiderivatives of hypersurface singularities
Authors: Shi Quan , Yau Stephen S.-T. , Zuo Huaiqing
Published: November 2024

Mather-Yau's theorem leads to an extensive study about moduli algebras of isolated hypersurface singularities. In this paper, the Tjurina ideal is generalized as $T$-principal ideals of certain $T$-maps for Noetherian algebras. Moreover, we introduce the ideal of antiderivatives of a $T$-map, which creates many new invariants. Firstly, we compute two new invariants associated with ideals of antiderivatives for ADE singularities and conjecture a general pattern of polynomial growth of these invariants.
Secondly, the language of $T$-maps is applied to generalize the well-known theorem that the Milnor number of a semi quasi-homogeneous singularity is equal to that of its principal part. Finally, we use the $T$- fullness and $T$-dependence conditions to determine whether an ideal is a $T$-principal ideal and provide a constructive way of giving a generator of a $T$-principal ideal. As a result, the problem about reconstruction of a hypersurface singularitiy from its generalized moduli algebras is solved. It generalizes the results of Rodrigues in the cases of the $0$th and $1$st moduli algebra, which inspired our solution.
Bibliography: 24 titles.
Критерий конусов на бесконечномерном торе
Authors: Glyzin Sergey Dmitrievich , Kolesov Andrei Yurevich
Published: November 2024

На бесконечномерном торе $\mathbb{T}^{\infty}=E/2\pi\mathbb{Z}^{\infty}$, где $E$ - бесконечномерное вещественное банахово пространство, $\mathbb{Z}^{\infty}$ - абстрактная целочисленная решетка, рассматривается специальный класс диффеоморфизмов $\mathrm{Diff}(\mathbb{T}^{\infty})$. Упомянутый класс состоит из отображений $G\colon \mathbb{T}^{\infty}\to\mathbb{T}^{\infty}$, для которых дифференциалы $DG$ и $D(G^{-1})$ равномерно ограничены и равномерно непрерывны на $\mathbb{T}^{\infty}$. Устанавливается справедливость для диффеоморфизмов из $\mathrm{Diff}(\mathbb{T}^{\infty})$ классического результата конечномерной гиперболической теории, так называемого критерия конусов (т. е. критерия гиперболичности, формулирующегося в терминах полей инвариантных горизонтальных и вертикальных конусов).
Библиография: 37 наименований.
Preoperative gastric retention in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography patients: Assessing risks and optimizing outcomes
Authors: Zhou Nuo-Ya , Hu Bing
Published: November 2024

This article is a comment on the article by Jia et al , aiming at establishing a predictive model to predict the occurrence of preoperative gastric retention in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography preparation. We share our perspectives on this predictive model. First, further differentiation in predicting the severity of gastric retention could enhance clinical outcomes. Second, we ponder whether this predictive model can be generalized to predictions of gastric retention before various endoscopic procedures. Third, large datasets and prospective clinical validation are needed to improve the prediction model.
Correct understanding and intervention of postoperative nausea and vomiting can provide reference for clinical practice
Authors: Wang Jian-Chao , Wang Liang
Published: November 2024

In this editorial, we reviewed the article by Li et al . We aimed to explore various perspectives to further mitigate the risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), which could significantly reduce its incidence and related postoperative complications. PONV is highly prevalent among patients undergoing bariatric surgery, yet there are relatively few related studies. Currently, the mainstream bariatric surgery methods include laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Despite the effectiveness of surgery in helping patients lose weight, postoperative PONV may occur, potentially leading to various complications (such as aspiration and wound dehiscence). A retrospective study by Li et al has compared the impact of different operative positions during laparoscopic sleeve gastroplasty on the incidence of PONV, providing new insights into the clinical practice aimed at reducing PONV incidence and thereby improving patient’s postoperative experience.
Evolution of surgical treatment for hepatolithiasis
Authors: Ye Yong-Qing , Li Pei-Heng , Wu Qing , Yang Shang-Lin , Zhuang Bao-Ding , Cao Ya-Wen , Xiao Zhan-Yi , Wen Shun-Qian
Published: November 2024

Hepatolithiasis is a common disease where stones are located in the intrahepatic bile duct. Hepatolithiasis is a disease with regional characteristics. The complication and postoperative recurrence rates of the disease are high. The intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and the incidence of liver cirrhosisare the main causes of death in patients with hepatolithiasis. Thus, it is difficult to treat. The majority of biliary stones are readily removed endoscopically, however complex intrahepatic or large refractory extrahepatic stones often require surgical or percutaneous interventions when standard endoscopic methods fail. At present, the main clinical treatment for hepatolithiasis is surgery, of which there are different methods depending on the patient’s condition. With the continuous updates and development of medical technology, the treatment of hepatolithiasis has improved. In this paper, several mainstream surgical methods including partial hepatectomy, choledochojejunostomy, biliary tract exploration and lithotomy, percutaneous transhepatic chledochoscopic lithotripsy and liver transplantation used in the clinic are reviewed for clinicians' reference. Depending on the characteristics of each case, a suitable surgical method is chosen to obtain the best treatment effect.
Comparison of endoscopic and laparoscopic resection of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A propensity score-matched study
Authors: Gu Bin-Bin , Lu Yan-Di , Zhang Jin-Shun , Wang Zhen-Zhen , Mao Xin-Li , Yan Ling-Ling
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Endoscopic resection (ER) and laparoscopic resection (LR) have been widely used for the treatment of non-metastatic gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors (gGISTs) (2-5 cm), but there are no selection criteria for their application.

AIM

To provide a reference for the development of standardized treatment strategies for gGISTs.

METHODS

Clinical baseline characteristics, histopathological results, and short-term and long-term outcomes of patients who treated with ER or LR for gGISTs of 2-5 cm in Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province from January 2014 to August 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to achieve balance in baseline characteristics of the two groups.

RESULTS

Among 206 patients, 135 were in the ER group and 71 in the LR group. The ER group had significantly smaller tumors [3.5 cm (3.0-4.0 cm) vs 4.2 cm (3.3-5.0 cm), P < 0.001] and different tumor locations (P = 0.048). After PSM, 59 pairs of patients were balanced. After matching, the baseline characteristics of the ER and LR groups did not differ significantly from each other. Compared with LR, ER had faster recovery of diet (P = 0.046) and fewer postoperative symptoms (P = 0.040). LR achieved a higher complete resection rate (P < 0.001) and shorter operation time (P < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in postoperative hospital stay (P = 0.478), hospital costs (P = 0.469), complication rates (P > 0.999), pathological features (mitosis, P = 0.262; National Institutes of Health risk classification, P = 0.145), recurrence rates (P = 0.476), or mortality rates (P = 0.611).

CONCLUSION

Both ER and LR are safe and effective treatments for gGISTs. ER has less postoperative pain and faster recovery, while LR has a higher rate of complete resection.
Efficacy of multi-color near-infrared fluorescence with indocyanine green: A new imaging strategy and its early experience in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Li Jia-Yi , Ping Lu , Lin Bo-Zheng , Wang Zhi-Hong , Fang Chi-Hua , Hua Su-Rong , Han Xian-Lin
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Near-infrared fluorescence imaging via using intravenous indocyanine green (ICG) has a wide range of applications in multiple surgical scenarios. In laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), it facilitates intraoperative identification of the biliary system and reduces the risk of bile duct injury. However, the usual single color fluorescence imaging (SCFI) has limitations in manifesting the fluorescence signal of the target structure when its intensity is relatively low. Moreover, surgeons often experience visual fatigue. We hypothesized that a novel imaging strategy, named multi-color fluorescence imaging (MCFI), could potentially address these issues by decreasing hepatic and background fluorescence pollution and improving biliary visualization.

AIM

To investigate the novel imaging strategy MCFI in LC.

METHODS

This was a single-center retrospective study conducted at Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China. Patients who underwent LC from June 2022 to March 2023 by the same surgical team were enrolled. Demographic features, clinical and surgical information were collected. The clarity, visual comfort, and effectiveness of different imaging strategies were subjectively evaluated by surgeons.

RESULTS

A total of 155 patients were included, 60 patients were in the non-ICG group in which only bright light illuminance without ICG was applied, 60 patients were in the SCFI group, and 35 patients were in the MCFI group. No statistically significant differences were found in demographics or clinical history. Post-surgical complications were minimal in all 3 groups with no significant differences observed. MCFI improved the clarity of imaging and visual comfort. Clarity of imaging and visual comfort were improved with MCFI.

CONCLUSION

MCFI improves biliary visualization and reduces liver fluorescence contamination, which supports its routine use in LC. MCFI may also be a better choice than SCFI in other clinical settings.
Onset and prognostic features of anastomotic leakage in patients undergoing radical surgery after neoadjuvant chemoradiation for rectal cancer
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhang Wang-Shan , Huang Guo-Jin
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a significant complication of rectal cancer surgery, particularly in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. This study aimed to evaluate the onset and prognostic factors influencing AL in these patients and provide insights for better postoperative management.

AIM

To explore AL incidence in patients who underwent neoadjuvant radiotherapy for rectal cancer and evaluate influencing factors and prognosis.

METHODS

We retrospectively analyzed data of patients with rectal cancer who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy post-radical surgery admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to January 2023. Postoperative AL was recorded in all patients. Among 63 patients with AL initially enrolled, 2 were lost to follow-up; thus, 61 patients were included in the incident group. Another 59 patients without AL were included in the non-incident group. Clinical characteristics of both groups were analyzed to identify factors affecting postoperative AL and determine prognosis.

RESULTS

Multivariate analysis revealed that sex, operative time, bleeding, pelvic radiation injury, and intraoperative blood transfusion were independent risk factors for postoperative AL (P < 0.05). The Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC) grades for patients with postoperative AL were mainly A (49.18%) and B (40.98%), and most leakages occurred in the posterior wall (65.57%). Clinical manifestations included anal sacrococaudal pain (29.51%), anal pus (26.23%), and other symptoms. Invasive interventions were performed < 2 times in 80.33% of patients. Poor prognoses were mainly associated with chronic pressacral sinus formation (24.59%), anastomotic stenosis (29.51%), and long-term stoma (19.67%). Multivariate analysis revealed distance from the anal margin and ISREC grade as independent risk factors for poor prognosis following AL (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Sex, operative time, bleeding loss, pelvic radiation damage, and intraoperative blood transfusion are independent risk factors for AL and the distance between tumor and ISREC grade potentially affect prognosis.
Effects of comprehensive nutrition support on immune function, wound healing, hospital stay, and mental health in gastrointestinal surgery
Authors: Zhu Ling , Cheng Jun , Xiao Fei , Mao Yan-Yan
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Postoperative patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery often encounter challenges such as low immune function, delayed wound healing owing to surgical trauma, and increased nutritional demands during recovery.

AIM

To assess the effect of comprehensive nutritional support program on immune function and wound healing in patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery.

METHODS

This retrospective comparative study included 60 patients who underwent gastrointestinal surgery, randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n = 30) or the control group (n = 30). The experimental group received comprehensive nutritional support, including a combination of enteral and parenteral nutrition, whereas the control group received only conventional comprehensive nutritional support. Evaluation indicators included immune function markers (e.g. , white blood cell count, lymphocyte subsets), wound healing (wound infection rate, healing time), pain score [visual analog scale (VAS) score], and psychological status (anxiety score, depression score) 7 days post-surgery) and duration of stay.

RESULTS

The immune function of patients in the experimental group was significantly better than that in the control group. The white blood cell count was 8.52 ± 1.19 × 109/L in the experimental group vs 6.74 ± 1.31 × 109/L (P < 0.05). The proportion of CD4+ T cells was higher in the experimental group (40.09% ± 4.91%) than that in the control group (33.01% ± 5.08%) (P < 0.05); the proportion of CD8+ T cells was lower (21.79% ± 3.38% vs 26.29% ± 3.09%; P < 0.05). The CD4+/CD8+ ratio was 1.91 ± 0.32 in the experimental group whereas 1.13 ± 0.23 in the control group (P < 0.05). The wound infection rate of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (10% vs 30%, P < 0.05), and the wound healing time was shorter (10.35 ± 2.42 days vs 14.42 ± 3.15 days, P < 0.05). The VAS score of the experimental group was 3.05 ± 1.04, and that of the control group was 5.11 ± 1.09 (P < 0.05); the anxiety score (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale) was 8.88 ± 1.87, and that of the control group was 12.1 ± 3.27 (P < 0.05); the depression score (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) was 7.37 ± 1.41, and that of the control group was 11.79 ± 2.77 (P < 0.05). In addition, the hospitalization time of the experimental group was significantly shorter than that of the control group (16.16 ± 3.12 days vs 20.93 ± 4.84 days, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

A comprehensive nutritional support program significantly enhances immune function, promote wound healing, reduces pain, improves psychological status, and shortens hospitalization stays in patients recovering from gastrointestinal surgery.
Long-term survival and risk factors in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A Kaplan-Meier and cox regression study
Authors: Ren Zheng-Ting , Kang Mei , Zhu Li-Yang , Li Ping
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

The global incidence of esophageal cancer (EC) remains high. Despite advancements in medical technology and deeper research into the causes and treatment methods of EC, the effectiveness of treatment for EC is still unsatisfactory. Therefore, it is crucial to address the urgent problem of improving the long-term survival rate of EC patients and providing personalized treatment.

AIM

To analyze the survival prognosis and influencing factors of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

METHODS

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 115 patients with pT3N0M0 ESCC who underwent radical surgery alone from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2019. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to evaluate the 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates and median survival time of the patients. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to assess the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) of risk factors.

RESULTS

The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates for the 115 EC patients analyzed were 85.22%, 50.43%, and 37.48%, respectively. The median OS was 37.00 (95%CI: 24.93-49.07) months, and the median disease-free survival was 21.00 (95%CI: 14.71-27.29) months. Both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that high body mass index (BMI; HR = 1.137, 95%CI: 1.054-1.226), positive perineural invasion (PNI; HR = 13.381, 95%CI: 4.899-36.547), and smoking (HR = 2.415, 95%CI: 1.388-4.203) were independent risk factors for a poor prognosis. In contrast, compared to the upper thoracic location of the tumor, middle thoracic (HR = 0.441, 95%CI: 0.240-0.810) and lower thoracic (HR = 0.328, 95%CI: 0.144-0.750) locations were protective factors.

CONCLUSION

BMI, tumor location, PNI, and smoking are associated with the prognosis of ESCC patients. This study highlights the prognostic risk factors for T3N0M0 ESCC patients and offers personalized insights for clinical treatment.
Zinc pretreatment for protection against intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Cheng Ming-Zhen , Luo Jia-Hao , Li Xin , Liu Feng-Yong , Zhou Wei-Jie
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Intestinal ischemia- reperfusion (I/R) injury (II/RI) is a critical condition that results in oxidative stress, inflammation, and damage to multiple organs. Zinc, an essential trace element, offers protective benefits in several tissues during I/R injury, but its effects on intestinal II/RI remain unclear.

AIM

To investigate the effects of zinc pretreatment on II/RI and associated multiorgan damage.

METHODS

C57BL/6 mice were pretreated with zinc sulfate (ZnSO4, 10 mg/kg) daily for three days before I/R injury was induced via superior mesenteric artery occlusion (SMAO) and abdominal aortic occlusion (AAO) models. Tissue and serum samples were collected to evaluate intestinal, liver, and kidney damage using Chiu’s score, Suzuki score, and histopathological analysis. Caco-2 cells and intestinal organoids were used for in vitro hypoxia- reoxygenation injury models to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels.

RESULTS

Zinc pretreatment significantly reduced intestinal damage in the SMAO and AAO models (P < 0.001). The serum levels of liver enzymes (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase) and kidney markers (creatinine and urea) were lower in the zinc-treated mice than in the control mice, indicating reduced hepatic and renal injury. In vitro , zinc decreased ROS levels and increased SOD activity in Caco-2 cells subject to hypoxia- reoxygenation injury. Intestinal organoids pretreated with zinc exhibited enhanced resilience to hypoxic injury compared to controls.

CONCLUSION

Zinc pretreatment mitigates II/RI and reduces associated multiorgan damage. These findings suggest that zinc has potential clinical applications in protecting against I/R injuries.
Pulmonary hypertension post-liver transplant: A case report
Authors: Alharbi Sami , Alturaif Noura , Mostafa Yehia , Alfhaid Abdullah , Albenmousa Ali , Alghamdi Saad
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Liver transplantation (LTx) is vital in patients with end-stage liver disease, with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease being the most common indication. Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an important indication. Portopulmonary hypertension, associated with portal hypertension, poses a significant perioperative risk, making pretransplant screening essential.

CASE SUMMARY

We report the case of a 41-year-old woman with PSC who developed severe pulmonary hypertension years after a successful LTx. She presented with worsening dyspnea on exertion and presyncope. Diagnostic evaluation confirmed severe precapillary pulmonary hypertension without evidence of recurrent portal hypertension. Initial management with Sildenafil and Macitentan led to a significant improvement in her symptoms, exercise capacity, and biomarkers. This case highlights the rare development of de novo pulmonary hypertension in a liver transplant recipient without recurrent portal hypertension, possibly linked to autoimmune processes or primary liver disease itself. The patient’s positive response to the combination therapy underscores the importance of prompt diagnosis and aggressive management.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, pulmonary arterial hypertension post-LTx is a rare but serious complication with a poor prognosis, necessitating further research to better understand its mechanisms and to develop effective strategies for prevention and treatment.
Feeding jejunostomy in post-gastrectomy nutrition management for gastric cancer
Authors: Chalkoo Mushtaq , Habib Mudasir , Bhat Mohd Yaqoob
Published: November 2024

Patients undergoing gastric resection for stomach cancer are at an increased risk of malnutrition. Early postoperative enteral feeding significantly improves nutritional status and reduces morbidity. The use of a feeding jejunostomy in a selected group of these patients does improve the outcome.
Colorectal cancer lymph node dissection and disease survival
Authors: Morera-Ocon Francisco J , Navarro-Campoy Clara , Cardona-Henao John Deiver , Landete-Molina Francisco
Published: November 2024

The debate regarding the two possible roles of lymphadenectomy in surgical oncology, prognostic or therapeutic, is still ongoing. Furthermore, the use of lymphadenectomy as a proxy for the quality of the surgical procedure is another feature of discussion. Nevertheless, this reckoning depends on patient conditions, aggressiveness of the tumor, the surgeon, and the pathologist, and then it is not an absolute surrogate for the surgical quality. The international guidelines recommend a minimum of 12 lymph nodes harvested for pathological examination in colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. There is a growing literature on reporting better survival when the lymph node yield is high, even when these nodes are negative for malignancy. On the other hand, there are studies reporting no survival benefit with high lymph node yield in stage I-II of CRC. Herein we review the roles of the lymphadenectomy in CRC, and discuss the results of studies on lymph node harvesting.
Toward a Test-Based Methodology to Evaluate Unrestrained Torso Neck
Braces Using the Hybrid III ATD and MATD Neck
Authors: de Jongh Cornelis U. , Basson Anton H. , Knox Erick H. , Leatt Christopher J.
Published: November 2024

The introduction of unrestrained torso neck braces as a safety intervention for
helmeted motorcycle riders has introduced a set of unsolved challenges.
Understanding the injury prevention afforded by these devices depends on a
reliable test methodology by which to critically evaluate their efficacy against
the most common mechanisms of neck injury. An inverted pendulum test is proposed
to evaluate compression flexion (CF), tension flexion (TF), and tension
extension (TE) of the neck using a Hybrid III anthropomorphic test device (HIII
ATD) neck and a motorcycle-specific ATD (MATD) neck. In addition to
investigating methods to quantify the beneficial effects of a neck brace,
potential adverse effects of such a device are evaluated by measuring and
evaluating relevant neck response measures. To that end, measured data using a
current neck brace were analyzed and applied to various injury criteria related
to the ATD neck used to compare the injury risk predicted by each parameter. The
HIII ATD neck allows for a more conservative evaluation due to its exaggerated
response in compression and may be more suitable in evaluating the neck injury
criterion and injury risk in CF loading for low energy impacts. The MATD neck is
limited to certain impact modalities, particularly the uncoupled behavior
between head and neck during hyperextension, and individual neck measures at
lower impact energy due to its limited structural integrity in direct head
impacts. In the proposed tests, injury mechanisms were initially associated with
a pre-impact head orientation and expected head and neck motion. However, these
associations are not definitive. Although the most relevant neck injury
mechanisms related to the unrestrained torso were addressed, the authors suggest
that the presented tests are supplemented by a method to evaluate higher energy
vertex impacts as a means to determine a neck brace’s efficacy during this
loading modality.
A Survey of Learning Techniques for Virtual Scene
Generation
Authors: Ayyildiz Dilara Vefa , Alnaser Ala Jamil , Taj Shahram , Zakaria Mahta , Jaimes Luis Gabriel
Published: November 2024

This study presents a comprehensive survey of the current state-of-the-art
techniques in virtual scene generation, particularly within the context of
autonomous driving. The integration of deep learning methods such as generative
adversarial networks (GANs) and convolutional LSTM (ConvLSTM) is explored in
detail. Additionally, the effectiveness and applicability of these techniques in
simulating real-world traffic scenarios are analyzed. Our article aims to bridge
the gap between theoretical models and practical applications, providing an
in-depth understanding of how deep learning and virtual scene generation
converge to enhance the efficacy of autonomous driving systems.
Low-carbon Hydrogen Use Across Economic Sectors and Global
Regions
Authors: Adas Camilo Abduch
Published: November 2024

There is great recognition regarding the importance of hydrogen as an energy
route for the decarbonization of road vehicles. Several countries are making
large investments to create products, services, and infrastructures that allow
hydrogen to be used as a clean source for propulsion, but there are still many
open questions.

This complete hydrogen chain involves production, transformation, transport,
storage, and use. Although many initiatives are seeking global production, the
use of low-carbon hydrogen is not yet economically competitive. Therefore, for
this industry to establish itself, and acknowledging the characteristics of each
region, there needs to be more intense coordination of efforts between the
different industrial and political segments.

Low-carbon Hydrogen Use Across Economic Sectors and Global Regions
establishes premises for the hydrogen economy and its main environmental
aspects. It also includes proposals and scenarios to establish a strategy that
relates to production, transport, and application with a focus on global
integration.

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Research Report portfolio.
The Software-defined Vehicle: Its Current Trajectory and Execution
Challenges
Authors: Goswami Partha
Published: November 2024

Original equipment manufacturers, Tier 1 suppliers, and the rest of the value
chain, including the semiconductor industry, are reshaping their product
portfolios, development processes, and business models to support this
transformation to software-defined vehicles (SDVs). The focus on software is
rippling out through the automotive sector, forcing the industry to rethink
organization, leadership, processes, and future roadmaps.

The Software-defined Vehicle: Its Current Trajectory and Execution
Challenges assesses the state of SDVs and explores the potential
hurdles to execution and examines the work being done in the industry. The goal
is to evaluate whether the implementation of SDVs will encounter the same fate
as electrification or autonomous technologies, which after some level of
disillusionment, are expected to pick up momentum in a more mature way.

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Research Report portfolio.
Leasing and the Cape Town Convention1
Authors: Hanley Donal Patrick
Published: November 2024

This article explores the impact of the Cape Town Convention on aircraft leasing practices. It provides a comparative analysis of lease definitions and categorizes leases into various types, highlighting the nuances and legal implications of each. Significant case studies are examined to illustrate the practical application of these principles in legal disputes. Furthermore, the Convention’s critical provisions regarding international interests, default remedies and insolvency rules are reviewed. This article concludes with an overall positive assessment of the Convention’s effectiveness in balancing the rights and interests of lessors and lessees in the context of international chattel leasing.
Mythical Eugenics. The Macedonian-Amazon Royal Alliance in Classical Sources
Authors:   Complutense Univ. of Madrid, Sanchez Sanz Arturo
Published: November 2024

The most well-known Amazon stories exhibit a number of common characteristics, most notably their ultimate defeat at the hands of a legendary male hero. Even those narratives in which such characters did not achieve the same degree of renown as Heracles, Theseus or Achilles, as in the case of Bellerophon, or those who were not even granted a Hellenic origin, as in the case of the young Priam, the most important of these premises is fulfilled: they were all characters as mythical as the Amazons themselves. However, the case of Alexander III of Macedon presents particularities that are not linked to the historical character of the main character, but rather to the time in which this story arose (4th century BC), which is much later than the traditional heroic texts. This tale is atypical and marks a significant turning point in the Amazon mythological tradition. Despite the growing prominence of the Macedonian ruler, there is no direct representation of this encounter. Indirect references to it emerge only at a relatively late stage in the tradition. This article will analyse the classical sources dedicated to this legendary encounter in order to ascertain the reasons behind its invention.
Fortificaţia de la Ungra. Cercetări magnetometrice recente
Authors:   Muzeul Naţional al Carpaţilor Răsăriteni, Popa Alexandru , Gridan Silviu , Popa Andrea
Published: November 2024

Fortificaţia de la Ungra reprezintă unul dintre punctele de interes pentru arheologia epocii primelor secole ale erei creștine din cuprinsul judeţul Braşov. Situl arheologic este situat în zona intersecției a două rute de comunicare, Valea Homoroadelor şi Defileul Oltului, prin munții Perşani. Fortificaţia a fost studiată iniţial prin prospecțiuni de suprafaţă, urmate de cercetări geofizice şi apoi prin săpături arheologice, situl fiind apreciat drept un castru roman. Cu ocazia cercetărilor noastre interdisciplinare din zonă, s-au efectuat prospecțiuni geomagnetice a suprafeţei fortificaţiei. S-au cercetat circa 6.4 Ha de teren, folosindu-se un sistem compus din 5 gradiometre fluxgate FGM 650. Imaginea obținută ca urmare a cartării gradientului vertical al câmpului magnetic, se deosebește de rezultatele cercetărilor precedente şi permite mai multe concluzii despre dimensiunile şi amenajarea sistemului de fortificaţie de la Ungra. În rezultat, s-au identificat urmele unei fortificaţii dreptunghiulare cu dimensiuni exterioare de circa 105 x 125 m. Pe exterior, la distanță de circa 12-14 m de la presupusul zid de incintă, s-au putut documenta urmele magnetice ale unui şanţ de apărare. Se poate presupune că fortificaţia avea patru porți de intrare, dintre care cea de vest se distinge cel mai clar. Detalii ale amenajărilor interioare ale fortificaţiei nu pot fi deslușite cu claritate. Rezultatele obţinute contribuie la o mai bună înţelegere a rolului şi rostului acestei fortificaţii dispuse la doar 5 km spre nord de castrul roman de la Hoghiz.
Roman Military Equipment from Micia Pagus. I.
Authors: Petculescu Liviu
Published: November 2024

Among the 58 items dealt with in this paper there are 12 weapons, one armour fragment, one caltrop, 25 personal equipment artefacts, 7 harness fittings and 12 other objects with obscure functions usually published together with the military equipment.
All Micia weapons, armour and 6 from the 7 harness fittings belonged to types spread throughout the Roman limes. The personal equipment artefacts are numerous and diverse: baldric phalerae and a terminal, belt plates, mounts and studs, and strap terminals. The majority of them were diffused mostly on the Danubian frontier and in Orient, especially at Dura Europos. Yet, the openwork broad belt plates nos. 18-19 were fashionable only in Dacia province and the baldric enamelled phalera (no. 16) and the belt plate decorated with a hunting scene (no. 21) are quite rare artefacts. Also, the harness fitting no. 43 represents a local subvariant of the common peltate mounts discovered only in a Tibiscum workshop and at Micia, so far. Among the artefacts with obscure functions there are the small enamelled studs (nos. 51-52) with parallels attested as bridle fittings, the phallic mount (no.55) tentatively identified as a handguard of a ceremonial knife and a fragmentary piece (no.57) similar to a lorica squamata hinge from the Micia fort. Almost all the items with a shorter chronology date from the last quarter of the 2nd century AD until c. AD 260 and most of them were deposited in the period of time immediately preceding the abandonment of the Roman settlement.
A god in the garden. Notes on the cult of Yarhibol in Apulum
Authors:   University of Szeged  Department of Religious Studies, Szabó Csaba , Kubiak-Schneider Aleksandra ,   University of Wrocław, Libiță-Partică Miruna
Published: November 2024

The study presents an inscription discovered in the 1970s and published shortly in the literature (IDR III/5, 102), dedicated to the Palmyrene sun god of Yarhibol. The altar was rediscovered by the authors in a private garden in Alba Iulia. The current state of the monument needs a revision of the inscription and a detailed contextualisation of the cult of Yarhibol in Apulum and Dacia, as well as the role of private collections in public archaeology.
A 6th Century Iron Spangenhelm from Capidava
Authors:   National Museum of Romanian History, Rațiu Alexandru , Opriș Ioan Carol ,   University of Bucharest – Faculty of History, Angheluță Laurențiu ,   National Institute for Research and Development in Optoelectronics INOE 2000
Published: November 2024

The paper presents the discovery of a fragmentary iron helmet (23 fragments), during the 1990 archaeological campaign at Capidava (Constanța County). The helmet was found inside the horreum, in a room (an enclosed complex) that ended its functioning during the N2 of Phase IV, in the 580s AD. The intra muros granary (horreum frumentarium) is a three-aisled building preceded by a portico, close to the Main Gate and Gate Tower no 7. The helmet is a Spangenhelm of the Dair-el-Medineh type, made entirely out of iron. All 23 fragments belonged to the bowl of the helmet, with none from an eventual aventail, cheek pieces, or nose guard. As a first restoration method, before the physical one, we chose virtual restoration (anastylosis) of the existing fragments and virtual reconstruction of the helmet.
The barbarians in Tyras in the Late Roman period
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Saveliev Oleh
Published: November 2024

After the events of the middle of the 3rd century AD, associated with mass barbarian invasions, life in Tyras resumed. The barbarians, who had settled in the steppes of the North-Western Black Sea region, became the main military and political force there. In material culture, there is a high percentage of items characteristic of the Cherniakhiv-Sântana de Mureş culture. Few constructions and complexes, ceramic and glass imported goods, as well as coins are known from this period. Apparently, the barbarian population remained in Tyras for some time even after the Hunnic invasion in 375.
desamortización de Godoy en las Cofradías Sacramentales de Camas y La Algaba.
Authors: Baños Rodríguez Miguel Ángel
Published: November 2024

En el presente trabajo analizamos el impacto que tuvo la denominada desamortización de Godoy en las Cofradías Sacramentales de Camas y La Algaba. Desde la reivindicación de la corporación camera como barroca, afectada directamente por los preceptos tridentinos y sinodales, pasaremos a revisar las políticas ilustradas reformistas de los reinados de Carlos III y Carlos IV. Las arcas del Estado rozaban la bancarrota y las cofradías podían dar solución a parte de los problemas económicos del país. Los diferentes archivos consultados y los trabajos realizados por otros autores nos proporcionan la información necesaria para poder analizar los expedientes de enajenación de bienes raíces de las hermandades citadas anteriormente, en aplicación del Real Decreto de 19 de septiembre de 1798. Por ello, el principal objetivo y aporte de este trabajo es estudiar y dar resultados sobre el proceso de expropiación realizado en ambas corporaciones, por separado y en comparación entre ellas.
О делителях в некоторых весовых алгебрах целых функций
Authors: Н.Ф. Абузярова , Д.В. Семенова
Published: November 2024

Рассматриваются алгебры целых функций экспоненциального типа, выделяемые ограничениями на рост вдоль вещественной прямой: алгебра Бернштейна, алгебра Шварца, алгебра Берлинга-Бьорка. Первая из этих алгебр образована целыми функциями экспоненциального типа, ограниченными на вещественной прямой. Алгебра Шварца состоит из целых функций экспоненциального типа, растущих на вещественной прямой не быстрее многочлена, а алгебра Берлинга-Бьорка~--- из целых функций экспоненциального типа, рост которых на вещественной прямой ограничен специальной весовой функцией. Для алгебры Бернштейна доказывается критерий принадлежности целой функции множеству делителей этой алгебры в терминах так называемого <<медленного убывания>>. Аналогичные критерии хорошо известны для важных в приложениях алгебр Шварца и Берлинга-Бьорка. Также в работе описывается связь между множеством делителей алгебры Бернштейна и классом функций типа синуса. Во второй части работы приводятся условия на сдвиг целочисленной последовательности, при которых возмущенная последовательность является нулевым множеством делителя каждой из рассматриваемых алгебр. Получен соответствующий критерий для алгебры Берлинга-Бьорка. Подчеркивается, что для каждой из трех алгебр в общем случае эти условия на допустимые сдвиги целочисленной последовательности одинаково зависят от веса, ограничивающего рост функций вдоль вещественной прямой.
Tricomi Problem Analogue for a Second Order Mixed Type Equation
Authors: Zh.A. Balkizov
Published: November 2024

In this paper, we investigated an analogue of the Tricomi problem for one equation of parabolic-hyperbolic type of the second order with a heat conduction operator in the parabolicity region and with a degenerate hyperbolic operator of the first kind in the hyperbolicity region. The type change line is characteristic for a parabolic equation and non-characteristic for a hyperbolic one. The problem is studied when the values of the sought function are given on non-characteristic segments of the boundary of a parabolic parabolic equation, and a value is also given on the characteristic of the hyperbolic equation at. Previously, similar problems were the subject of research by many authors, such as, for example, the works of A.~M.~Nakhushev and Kh.~G.~Bzhikhatlova, M.~S.~Salakhitdinov and A.~S.~Berdysheva. In this paper, theorems on the uniqueness and existence of a regular solution to the problem under study are proven. When proving the uniqueness theorem for the solution of the problem, modern methods of the theory of fractional calculus are used, and the existence is proven using the method of integral equations. In the case when the coefficients of the equation under consideration are constant, the solution is found and written out explicitly. The theorems proved generalize the previously obtained results both in terms of sufficiency conditions for the uniqueness of a solution to an analogue of the Tricomi problem, and in terms of the existence theorem.
Усреднение абстрактных параболических уравнений с многоточечными интегральными краевыми условиями
Authors: В.Б. Левенштам
Published: November 2024

На временном отрезке рассматривается многоточечная краевая задача для абстрактного параболического уравнения с быстро осциллирующей по времени нелинейной частью. Оператор~$-A$, где $A$~--- старший стационарный линейный оператор уравнения, позитивен. Условия работы формулируются в терминах теории полугрупп и дробных степеней оператора $ - A$. Многоточечные краевые условия на временном отрезке помимо линейной комбинации значений решения в конечном наборе точек содержат интегральные слагаемые. Для указанной, зависящей от большого параметра (высокой частоты осцилляций) задачи построена предельная (усредненная) многоточечная краевая задача и обоснован предельный переход в пространстве непрерывных вектор-функций на временном отрезке. Таким образом, для абстрактных параболических уравнений с многоточечными краевыми условиями обоснован метод усреднения Крылова~--- Боголюбова. Полученные результаты применимы к параболическим уравнениям в ограниченной пространственной области с~многоточечными краевыми условиями на временном отрезке и некоторым другим задачам математической физики. Некоторые приложения к параболическим задачам содержатся в заключительной части данной работы.