bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Junkbox, a waste management educational game for preschool kids
Authors: Gizzi Veronica , Di Dio Salvatore , Schillaci Domenico
Published: March 2022

Waste management is becoming an increasingly important issue in contemporary society. The growth in consumption, the increase in urbanization and economic development have as main consequence an increase in the production of waste. Moreover, the population's bad recycling habits are becoming more and more entrenched. In this context, sustainable development has gained considerable importance and the need to teach new generations the value of protecting the environment is key and what through our research we are experimenting is the way of playing. In fact, basic but very significant behaviours can be activated through a game and they may become stable habits and then proper lifestyles. This paper describes an educational game that might support educators and trainers to raise environmental consciousness in kids. Starting from several co-design sessions conducted with teachers, children and parents, we elaborated an idea to target the stakeholders’ needs: making the separate collection an enjoyable experience by collectively awarding children after the correct disposal of waste. This idea foresaw a touchpoint finalized to become an integral part of every child's routine during school hours. “Junkbox” thus becomes a vehicle for learning how to recycle and turning waste separation into a game. This ritual helps children to achieve one of the most important goals of recent years: actively contribute to reduce the environmental costs of our bad habits and lifestyles.
ACCIÓN HUMANA: DEL DESARROLLO ECONÓMICO AL DESARROLLO HUMANO INTEGRAL
Authors: Vazquez Ger Cecilia
Published: March 2022

Hace unos años, recibí una invitación para participar en un encuentro con jóvenes donde me proponían hablar de acción humana como fundamento del desarrollo económico. Me sorprendió el nombre ya que las dos primeras palabras, son las mismas que aparecen en el título de un libro que respeto profundamente, y que guardo con especial cariño: El tratado de Economía del gran pensador austriaco Ludwig Von Mises, La acción humana. A dicho texto le debo hoy haber aprendido a mirar el orden socioeconómico de un modo tan diferente a como lo había hecho en la universidad. Además, este libro fue el puente de diálogo con otro mundo de intereses que me acompañaban en aquella época, y que definirían otro norte al que me dedicaría de diferentes maneras hasta la actualidad.
LA FE Y LA COMPATIBILIDAD ENTRE CIENCIA Y RELIGIÓN
Authors: Smith Vernon
Published: March 2022

En esta conferencia, el Premio Nobel de Economía relata las experiencias que lo llevaron a convertirse al cristianismo y hace ver cómo, desde su punto de vista, el trabajo de los científi cos (en lo particular, los cosmólogos que investigan los orígenes del universo) presuponen la fe en sus teorías. «Los constructos conceptuales y teóricos de la ciencia constituyen las “sustancias de las cosas que esperamos” y la evidencia observacional depende de instrumentos que registran “la evidencia de cosas no vistas”». Por otra parte, nos dice que la ciencia debe preservar el sentido del misterio, presente en todas las cosas.
¿ES POSIBLE HABLAR DE DIOS? SOBRE LA POSIBILIDAD RACIONAL DEL LENGUAJE Y DEL CONOCIMIENTO RELIGIOSO
Authors: Camey Marroquín Carmen
Published: March 2022

Hay quienes sostienen que la razón y la fe son realidades distintas y además opuestas e irreconciliables. Juan Pablo II, manifiesta que ambos órdenes de conocimiento son distintos y a la vez complementarios, tal modalidad sigue la gran mayoría de teólogos y filósofos. En el presente trabajo se analizarán ambas posiciones basadas en los escritos de dos autores representativos de ambas visiones y específi camente la cuestión desde el punto de vista de la posibilidad de racionalidad del lenguaje divino. También se profundizará en la posible relación entre ambas y en la manera en que puede hablarse de un conocimiento racional de las realidades religiosas. Para ello, estudiaremos un ensayo de Anthony Kenny de su libro The Unknown God: Agnostic Essays e intentaremos comparar y aportar también la visión de Mariano Artigas.
CIENCIA Y RELIGIÓN: DOS SENDEROS EN BUSCA DE LA VERDAD
Authors: Nombela Cano César
Published: March 2022

La indagación científi ca y la experiencia religiosa, son dos vías que el ser humano concreto, en el ejercicio de su autonomía, puede incorporar en su actitud vital de acercamiento a la realidad. Dos actitudes del ser humano libre para confi gurar una cosmovisión, un esquema de referencias para interpretar el mundo y su existencia dentro de él. La ciencia también está abierta a lo inesperado, de hecho, en la transición científi ca del siglo XX la visión científi ca pasó de mostrar una realidad determinista a un mundo indeterminado, que se caracteriza por una complejidad difícil de abarcar. La actitud del creyente plantea un mundo de experiencias, basado en la profundización permanente, en búsqueda del sentido de su vida. El artículo propone tres vías para avanzar en el diálogo ciencia-religión: (i) profundizar en lo que la búsqueda de la verdad científi ca y la apertura a la trascendencia tienen de común, (ii) incorporar las propuestas de la creyentes en una sociedad cosmovisivamente neutral, mediante la traducción cooperativa de contenidos religiosos (Habermas), y (iii) articular un diálogo buscando cualquier atisbo de verdad y de bien que podamos encontrar en el seno de nuestra sociedad.
¿TIENE SENTIDO EN EL SIGLO XXI UNA FILOSOFÍA CRISTIANA?
Authors: Nubiola Jaime
Published: March 2022

En este artículo se estudia con cierto detenimiento y con abundantes textos la relación entre filosofía, fe y cultura cristiana, que ha resultado a veces problemática, quizá porque se tenía una concepción racionalista de la fi losofía —casi asimilable a las matemáticas— o porque se creía erróneamente que un cristiano no podía ser un verdadero fi lósofo. La exposición está organizada a grandes rasgos en sentido histórico con una primera sección dedicada al impacto del cristianismo en la fi losofía antigua; en segundo lugar, la grave situación en la modernidad y la reacción de la Iglesia Católica en el siglo XIX; para fi nalmente sugerir en la tercera sección algunas claves para la renovación de la fi losofía cristiana en el siglo XXI.
LIBERTAD DE CONCIENCIA Y ESTADO LAICO EN LA HISTORIA CONSTITUCIONAL DE GUATEMALA
Authors: Gramajo Castro Juan Pablo
Published: March 2022

Este trabajo expone el desarrollo de preceptos e instituciones relacionados con la libertad de conciencia y la laicidad del Estado, a través de los documentos constitucionales de Guatemala. Para brindar contexto, también se refiere –en líneas generales– a los sucesos que han marcado la historia nacional, las corrientes políticas o ideológicas detrás de ellos, y las discusiones que todo ello suscita hasta nuestros días. Se comenta brevemente sobre el estado actual del derecho constitucional guatemalteco y los aportes que la filosofía del derecho puede brindarle. Pretende sugerir diversas líneas de reflexión que, a criterio del autor, ameritan desarrollo más allá de este sucinto recorrido.
JOHN HENRY NEWMAN
Authors: Chesa  Pascual María Ángeles
Published: March 2022

John Henry Newman (1801-1890) es sin duda el intelectual converso más conocido de la Inglaterra victoriana. Su vida fue larga y rica, y sus escritos, abundantes, de modo que es fácil poner su nombre en relación a temas diversos, como la universidad y la educación liberal, o también a términos como: Iglesia, conversión, verdad, fe, razón, libertad, fidelidad y conciencia. Pero si tuviéramos que escoger una sola de esas palabras, optaríamos por conciencia. Y esto, no solo por su entendimiento del tema en el plano teórico, sino porque toda su vida se puede resumir como una sincera búsqueda de la verdad, siguiendo la voz de la conciencia. En la Carta al Duque de Norfolk, Newman contribuyó a clarifi car la relación entre la autoridad del papa y la de la conciencia, ante las dudas que surgieron en Inglaterra tras la definición sobre la infalibilidad papal, en el Concilio Vaticano I. Más allá de esta circunstancia, el texto ha quedado ya como un clásico en el tema de la conciencia moral.
RELIGIÓN, LIBERTAD Y CONCIENCIA
Authors: Rios de Rodriguez Carroll
Published: March 2022

Este artículo pretende evidenciar la centralidad del concepto de libertad de conciencia en el pensamiento y en la vida de Lord Acton. El historiador inglés relata la evolución del concepto de conciencia y explora la relación entre la libertad de conciencia y la libertad religiosa, civil y política, así como con la práctica del catolicismo. Asimismo, identifica los obstáculos al ejercicio personal de la libertad de conciencia.
LA LAICIDAD COMO UN DESPLIEGUE EVOLUTIVO DEL CRISTIANISMO CATÓLICO
Authors: Zanotti Gabriel
Published: March 2022

El siguiente artículo trata de demostrar que la distinción de esferas y competencias entre poder secular y eclesiástico es un derivado necesario de la Revelación judeocristiana. La noción de creación, por otra parte, implica que las causas eficientes creadas son eficaces en su propio ámbito, lo cual es el fundamento ontológico para que el poder temporal tenga su propia autonomía y no sea un mero instrumento de la Iglesia. El conflicto se concentra luego en el integrismo, como negación religiosa de lo anterior, o en el Iluminismo convertido en laicismo, esto es, en negación de los derechos propios de la Iglesia en el mundo civil.
DOS CONCEPTOS AFINES QUE ES PRECISO DIFERENCIAR
Authors: Ciampini Gabriele
Published: March 2022

«Liberalismo» y «democracia» son conceptos importantes para comprender la filosofía política contemporánea. Sin embargo, en el lenguaje común, con frecuencia estos se confunden y se consideran sinónimos. Si los analizamos históricamente, podemos ver cómo se han concebido durante mucho tiempo como antitéticos entre ellos. Muchos liberales, al menos a partir de Tocqueville, vieron la democracia como un sistema político que podría dañar la libertad individual y los derechos de las minorías.
CONSERVADURISMO Y DEMOCRACIA EN EL PENSAMIENTO DE SAMUEL P. HUNTINGTON
Authors: Ciampini Gabriele
Published: March 2022

Mi artículo pretende ilustrar el problema de la relación entre realismo político, conservadurismo y democracia en el pensamiento de Samuel P. Huntington. Este pensador es conocido por su análisis de los regímenes políticos contemporáneos, según el cual es probable que la democracia sea disfuncional si no puede acomodar todas las instancias desde abajo. Esta posibilidad es particularmente concreta en las democracias de masas, en las que la participación política excesiva tiene el efecto de sobrecargar las solicitudes que la clase política no puede aceptar plenamente. Veremos cómo esta teoría tiene una visión conservadora.
«¿PUEDE APROVECHARSE UNO DE LA MALDAD AJENA?» UNA LECCIÓN INÉDITA DE FRAY LUIS DE LEÓN CON MAQUIAVELO AL FONDO
Authors: Díaz Martín José Manuel
Published: March 2022

Este artículo tiene como fin principal publicar, por vez primera, las lecciones que fray Luis de León dictó como sustituto extraordinario en la cá­tedra de Prima de Salamanca en marzo de 1567 sobre si se puede aprovechar uno de la maldad ajena. Al texto, incluido como apéndice, lo precede una bre­ve presentación que, en primer lugar, justifica la autoría atribuida al agustino; a continuación, traza el contexto del debate tomista en el que se insertan tales lecciones para hacer de ellas, además, unas lecciones únicas en el conjunto de la escuela; y, finalmente, pone en conexión el tema, a través del nexo de Cayetano, con la fundación de la política moderna a manos de Maquiavelo.
LA ESPERANZA NATURAL SEGÚN L. POLO: ¿TENER O SER?
Authors: Sellés Juan Fernando
Published: March 2022

En este trabajo, tras aludir, según L. Polo, a los hitos del tratamien­to de la esperanza en la historia, y describir las dimensiones de esta dimen­sión humana —quien encomienda la tarea, quien es encargado, el futuro, la tarea, los recursos, los colaboradores, las adversidades, la existencia épica y el beneficiario—, se la estudia como virtud adquirida de la voluntad, potencia de la «esencia» del hombre, y como característica nativa del «acto de ser» personal humano.
El hombre de la biblia como ser cultural
Authors: Sanz Sánchez Santiago
Published: March 2022

En estas páginas me propongo ofrecer una visión sintética de la antropología bíblica según la triple acepción del verbo latino colere, que está a la raíz de la noción de cultura. En efecto, la Sagrada Escritura nos presenta al hombre como alguien que está llamado a dar culto a Dios, a cultivarse a sí mismo (en su dimensión personal y en su dimensión social), y a cultivar la tierra. Todo ello muestra la grandeza y dignidad de los seres humanos en cuanto participan de un modo particular del poder creador y providente de Dios.
Yuval Noah Harari Homo Deus : A Brief History of Tomorrow [Homo Deus: una breve historia del mañana]
Authors: Blum Roberto
Published: March 2022

Homo Deus es un libro publicado en 2016 en el que el historiador israelí Yuval Noah Harari intenta hacer una historia del futuro de la humanidad. Sin duda ese es un proyecto sumamente arriesgado y ambicioso, ya que incluso narrar o escribir la historia del pasado es un trabajo extremadamente complejo y controversial. Suponer que es posible hacer un relato del pasado completamente objetivo, sin interpretación alguna, es cegarse a la evidencia. Todo relato es un resultado de los datos escogidos y de la particular interpretación que la posición subjetiva del autor determina
Teknis Pengelolaan Dana Zakat pada Lembaga Amil Zakat
Authors: Supandi Rahman
Published: March 2022

The role of zakat as an instrument of poverty alleviation certainly cannot be denied, mainly if it is managed professionally and institutionalized rather than only being channeled directly to those in need. At this point, the position of the formal institutions managing zakat plays a crucial role. Departing from this, this research is directed to find out more about the activities of zakat fund management in the Gorontalo District BAZNAS. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. The research results show that zakat fund management activities in the Gorontalo District BAZNAS consist of zakat collection and management activities, distribution activities, and secretarial and reporting activities, each of which has dynamics and requires our attention.
Technology parks in brazil: an analysis of the determinants of performance evaluation
Authors: Faria Adriana Ferreira de , Haber Jeruza Alves , Battisti Andressa Caroline De , Dabrowska Justyna , Sediyama Jaqueline Akemi Suzuki
Published: March 2022

Objective of the study: The aim of this study was to develop a systemic framework to understand the nature and dynamics of technology parks in Brazil and to analyze the mais determinants for evaluating their performance in the settlement process.Relevance/originality: This work is unprecedented for the analysis of the dissemination of technology parks in Brazil, throughout its history, and for the application of multivariate data analysis for performance analysis in the settlement (number of tenant companies).Methodology/approach: This study is characterized as a qualitative and quantitative combination of research methods, defined as combined exploratory, carried out in two phases. The qualitative approach is carried out first, with the aim of exploring the research topic in order to provide subsidies for the quantitative phase.Main results: The Simple Correspondence Analysis demonstrated that the two determinants that impact the settlement of technology parks in Brazil are financing and park´s age, confirming the thesis that they are long-term enterprises.Theoretical/methodological contributions: This study is characterized as a qualitative and quantitative combination of research methods, defined as combined exploratory, carried out in two phases. The qualitative approach is carried out first, with the aim of exploring the research topic in order to provide subsidies for the quantitative phase.Social/management contributions: The results demonstrate the importance of technology parks in Brazil and the need to maintain public policies in the long term, in order to increase the size of parks, in terms of concentration of new technology-based companies, and attraction of anchor companies, generating jobs and income qualified.
The role of corporate risk management in the relationship between open innovation and organizational strategy
Authors: Musiello-Neto Francisco , Rua Orlando Lima , Arias-Oliva Mario , Souto-Romero Mar
Published: March 2022

Objective of the study: This study aims to analyze the relationship between open innovation and organizational strategy. Additionally, the mediating effect of corporate risk management on it was assessed.Methodology/approach: A quantitative study was conducted in Portugal based on a survey with 251 executive directors of SME hotels. Structural equations modeling was used in this study.Originality/relevance: While other studies have analyzed the relationship between open innovation and organizational strategy, this study deepens the knowledge of the mediating effect of corporate risk management on it.Main results: The results show that (1) open innovation improves corporate risk management and organizational strategy, (2) corporate risk influences organizational strategy, and (3) corporate risk management has a mediating effect on the relationship between open innovation and organizational strategy.Theoretical/methodological contributions: This study provides a theoretical framework for understanding the relationships between three constructs (open innovation, corporate risk management and organizational strategy) in SMEs in the hospitality sector, not yet explored by academics.Social/management contributions: This study will guide managers of SMEs in the hospitality sector in defining strategies to develop the relevant resources and contribute to the definition of effective government policies, programs and incentives to support the adherence or expansion of the open innovation model for companies in this sector.
Stress associated with SARS-CoV-2 in midwives
Authors: Wróbel Romana , Kraśnianin Elżbieta , Kremska Anna , Dryka Renata
Published: March 2022

Background: At the end of 2019, news circulated the world that a new, highly contagious coronavirus had emerged in China that caused severe disease in the respiratory tract. Subsequently, SARS-CoV-2 spread rapidly around the world. Healthcare professionals, including midwives, have been on the front lines of the fight against this disease, and their working conditions changed overnight, causing tremendous stress.
Aim of the study: The purpose of this study was to analyze stress among midwives in relation to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
Material and methods: This study was conducted in 2020/2021 among 500 midwives. The testing method used was a diagnostic survey consisting of a self-compiled questionnaire. 444 midwives properly completed the survey and their results were analyzed.
Results: The study confirmed that the work of a midwife is stressful. More than half of those surveyed changed their attitude towards work when SARS-CoV-2 emerged. Midwives were also more likely to experience stress before going to work. Only a small percentage of the respondents had the opportunity to receive psychological help in the workplace.
Conclusions: The stress caused by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the midwifery profession has had a negative impact on the psychophysical health of this occupational group. Thus, there is a dire need for workplace interventions for midwives to minimize the accompanying stress.
ANALYSIS OF THE SEISMIC AND IONOSPHERIC EFFECTS OF THE KUDARINSKY EARTHQUAKE ON DECEMBER 9, 2020
Authors: Dobrynina A. A. , Perevalova N. P. , Sankov V. A. , Edemsky I. K. , Lukhnev A. V.
Published: March 2022

According to the data obtained on the equipment of the IEC SB RAS complex monitoring base for hazardous geological processes "Buguldeika" (Shared Research Facilities "Geodynamics and Geochronology" of IEC SB RAS) and Shared Research Facilities "Angara" of ISTP SB RAS an analysis of the characteristics of the Kudarinsky earthquake (09.12.2020) and the behaviour of the ionosphere during this event was carried out. The source parameters of the earthquake were obtained – the seismic moment of the earthquake (M0=3.02·1017 N·m), the moment magnitude (Mw=5.6), the source radius (2.43 km), and the stress drop (1.26 MPa).

The analysis of the ionosphere behaviour carried out using GPS/GLONASS receivers did not reveal disturbances caused by the Kudarinsky earthquake, which is most likely due to the relatively small magnitude of this earthquake. An analysis of the observation series related to the Kudarinsky earthquake showed the efficiency of using the Core Facilities Centre equipment and complex monitoring bases for studying seismicity, which is the most dangerous natural process for the Baikal region.
Risk assessment of adolescent sex offenders: A case overview
Authors: Šobot Valentina , Ivanović-Kovačević Svetlana , Knežević Vladimir , Vejnović Ana-Marija
Published: March 2022

One of the most important roles of mental health professionals in the forensic evaluation of the adolescent sex offenders is to assess the risk of future delinquent behavior. A psychiatric and psychological expertise of a 17-year-old male adolescent, who was accused of rape, was conducted at court's request in order to determine the maturity of the juvenile, the risk of reoffending and the need for treatment. The current case report demonstrates risk assessment based on the structured professional evaluation. This approach integrates clinical with empirical knowledge and it has been proven highly useful in risk assessment of sexual recidivism in adolescent sex offenders. The assessment was based on the integration of that data obtained from the structured risk assessment tool Juvenile Sex Offender Assessment Protocol-II (JSOAP-II, Prentky and Righthand, 2003) and data based on standard professional expertise by forensic clinicians. The aim of the present case report was to show the advantages of a structured approach to risk assessment in adolescent sex offenders, as well as to assess the practical implications related to appropriate case management and the need for treatment.
Three-Dimensional Stress Analysis of a Fiber-Reinforced Composite Thruster Blade
Authors: Lin Gau-Feng
Published: March 2022

Stress calculations were carried out for a proposed fiber-reinforced composite thruster blade. The composite blade is constructed using multiple layers of braided fiber in a thick-shell skin layer; the core is filled with foam-type material and uses shear webs for internal support. The objective of this paper is to explore the rotating blade hydrodynamic design constraints of a typical composite blade by performing a 3-D finite element analysis. Two salient features are revealed from the numerical results: (1) maximum tip deflection of the composite blade can be quite large; (2) maximum through-the-thickness tensile stress in the skin layer thickness direction could become critical for higher loadings. It is demonstrated in the sample calculation that a sandwich-type composite blade can provide not only a means of weight-savings, but it also can have excellent structural stiffness and strength properties through proper geometric and material design.
Correction of Vibration and Noise Problems on the USCGC Kankakee Class of Buoy Tenders
Authors: Vassilopoulos Lyssimachos , Middlebrook Leonard , Prokes Terry
Published: March 2022

During builder's trials held in late 1989, the USCGC KANKAKEE, the first of two river buoy tenders constructed for the U.S. Coast Guard, experienced severe vibration and noise levels in the hull girder and deckhouse at design speed, even though the vibratory behavior of the main propulsion systems was well within specifications. To determine the cause of this problem, an underway hull vibration survey was conducted, together with dockside impact tests and a 11spuddrop11 test. The cause of the problem was traced to the coincidence of the four-bladed propeller exciting frequency with the hull girder natural frequency in the four-node mode of vertical vibration. After studying a number of corrective options, the owner decided that the most expedient method would be to build three-bladed and six-bladed propellers and then choose those generating the least vibration and noise. Interim trials with both wheelsets and detailed propulsion system vibration tests led to the adoption of the six-bladed propellers.
Design of Shaft Coupling Bolts
Authors: Shepstone Steven
Published: March 2022

The design of friction, shear, and combined friction and shear bolted couplings are examined. The determination of stresses in shear loaded bolts and the flange surfaces that they contact is emphasized.
Contrarotating and Tandem CLT Propellers
Authors: Perez-Gomez Gonzalo , Gonzalez-Adalid Juan
Published: March 2022

The generalization made to the New Momentum Theory with the aim to design CLT propellers working in a velocities field with both axial and tangential components (nozzle propellers, contrarotating propellers, etc.) has allowed the authors to design contrarotating and tandem propellers both with conventional and CLT blades.
A Note on the Blade Surface Cavitation Modeling with Viscous Effect
Authors: Dai Charles , Gorski Joseph
Published: March 2022

This note is to evaluate two analytical models in surface citation modeling with the effect of viscosity taken into consideration and to suggest a new approach based on a mixed Lagrangian/Eulerian formulation in the surface cavitation modeling. Comments on the approaches and thoughts of the future cavitation modeling works are also given.
Aplicativos de notícias, destacamento e efeitos de sentidos: representações internacionais sobre o Brasil (em UOL e Le Monde)
Authors: Moraes Érika de
Published: March 2022

No cenário da comunicação digital, a crescente influência dos aplicativos de notícias – que abastecem instantaneamente o usuário por meio de um feed, com recortes de atualidades considerados relevantes – é decisiva para a construção de efeitos de sentidos a respeito dos fatos divulgados e consequentes registros de memória. Este livro deriva de ampla pesquisa que investigou esses efeitos em notícias veiculadas em dois aplicativos, um nacional (UOL, vinculado a um dos portais mais acessados do país, que divulga conteúdo do jornal Folha de S.Paulo) e um internacional (Le Monde), com respaldo no quadro teórico-metodológico da Análise do Discurso de linha francesa, priorizando as noções de destacamento e destacabilidade. Em seu conjunto, os capítulos do livro permitem o aprofundamento da visão sobre a cobertura midiática a respeito do Brasil em nível internacional. Os resultados demonstram que a constituição de identidades é amplamente afetada pelos modos de funcionamento jornalístico, cuja discursividade pauta-se no que chamamos de uma sintaxe do destacamento.
Simulation method of performance of X-ray focusing mirror under actual surface state used in FXT on board EP satellite
Authors: Zhu Yu-Xuan , Lu Jing-Bin , Chen Yong , Wang Yu-Sa , Yang Yan-Ji , Han Da-Wei , Cui Wei-Wei , Zhao Xiao-Fan , Cong Min , Li Tian-Ming , Lü Zhong-Hua , Wang Hao-Di ,   College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China,   Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,   University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Published: March 2022

The Follow-up X-ray Telescope (FXT) is one of the main payloads on board the Einstein probe satellite. In order to obtain data with high signal-to-noise ratio and realize high-precision positioning of the sources, FXT adopts the Wolter-I X-ray focusing optical system which has been wildly used in X-ray astronomy. According to the principle of Wolter-I and combining the actual manufacture characteristics, we simulate several key parameters affecting the optical quality by Monte Carlo simulation algorithm, such as surface roughness Root-Mean Square (RMS) and surface profile error. The effect of each parameter is analyzed according to the simulation results. Then, the simulation method is verified by the test results of the focusing mirrors provided by PANTER laboratory, and the surface profile error parameters are restricted. The simulation results of the half energy width of the structural-thermal module mirror are basically consistent with the test results. This method can be effectively applied to the later study of focusing mirror manufacture and can accumulate experience for testing and calibrating FXT focusing mirrors. Furthermore, combining the tested calibration data, some key performance of the mirrors can be obtained by this simulation method, such as the effective area, vignetting and the point spread function, which can compose the on-orbit calibration database.
Research progress of electromechanical graphene resonant sensors
Authors: Wan Zhen , Li Cheng , Liu Yu-Jian , Song Xue-Feng , Fan Shang-Chun ,   School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China,   Emerging Industry Technology Research Institute of Beihang University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China,   Institute of Quantum Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
Published: March 2022

The resonant sensor is a kind of high-sensitivity and high-stability sensor that directly outputs digital signals. The resonance sensitive elements of traditional resonant sensors are mostly made of metal, quartz crystal, silicon and other materials. However, with the development of resonant sensor toward the miniaturization and intellectualization, the sensitive materials of new resonator are micro-nano machined and highly sensitive. As a new type of two-dimensional nanomaterial, graphene has the great potentials in the field of resonance sensing because of its excellent mechanical, electrical, optical and thermal properties. Therefore, the mechanical quantity sensor based on graphene material is expected to surpass the silicon material mechanical quantity sensor in many aspects such as micro-nano size, high performance, and environmental adaptability. This review focuses on the graphene resonant mechanical quantity sensor. In the first part, we summarize the basic properties, preparation methods, and transfer methods of graphene materials. The preparation and transmission methods of graphene are key to high-performance graphene resonator, but there are still different problems in the preparation and transfer of graphene, which also greatly restricts the development of graphene resonator. In the second part, the basic theory of resonant sensors is given, and the common methods of transferring graphene films are introduced in detail. Then the theoretical and experimental studies of graphene resonator are discussed. For example, the theoretical studies of graphene resonator are investigated by using the classical elastic theory, non-local elastic theory, molecular structure mechanics and molecular dynamics. Then the effects of graphene preparation method, graphene layer number and shape, excitation and detection methods on the resonance performance are estimated in the resonant experiments of graphene resonators. After that, the research progress of graphene resonator is summarized in the fields of pressure, acceleration and mass sensors. Compared with traditional silicon resonators, graphene resonators have a small dimension and demonstrate preferable resonant performance under low-temperature and low-pressure conditions. In this case, the technical issues of graphene resonant sensor are introduced to emphasize the importance of suspended graphene film transfer, structure fabrication of harmonic oscillator and vibration excitation/detection of resonators, which contributes to the potential applications in the fields of aerospace, intelligent detection and biomedical sensing for graphene resonant sensors.
Clinical Presentation and Outcome of COVID-19 in Children: A Case Series
Authors: Agrawal Ritesh Kumar , Pandey Meenakshi , Singh Ashok , Sanghvi Nirali , Yadav Kusumlata
Published: March 2022

The novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an illness caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which affects children as well as adults. This case series pertains an observation on six patients, aged 10-17 years, who were admitted to the hospital and found to be COVID-19 positive on testing. All patients had history of contact with COVID-19 positive confirmed family members. Most common symptoms were fever (n=4), cough (n=2) and breathlessness (n=2). No patient had any pre existing co-morbidity. Raised levels of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and D-dimer were present in four patients (66.6%) each and elevated serum ferritin levels were seen in 3 (50%) patients. Peribronchial cuffing was seen in chest X-ray of one patient. Supportive therapy along with antibiotics (Azithromycin and Doxycycline) was given to all children. Mean duration of hospital stay was 7.5 days. No patient required intensive care support. All patients recovered at discharge.
Anthropometric Characteristics of Women on Hormonal Contraceptives in University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH)
Authors: Omonkhoea Oyakhire Michael , Chidozie Amasiatu Valentine , Adaeze Omewu Florence
Published: March 2022

Background: Contraception is essential in population control, determining the number and spacing of children. The use of contraceptives has been on the rise because people do not always have sex for the purpose of procreation. Women of childbearing age prefer hormonal contraceptives, because they are highly effective and their effects are reversible. The aim of the study was to  appraise the anthropometric profile of women on hormonal contraceptives.

Materials and Methods: The study included women on hormonal contraceptives from University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (family planning clinic) and those who do not use contraceptives, from University of Port Harcourt Post Graduate School. A total of two hundred (200) volunteers were involved in the study; 100 women on hormonal contraceptives and 100 women who were not under any form of hormonal contraceptive (as control) were randomly selected. Height was measured using a stadiometer and stature meter, weight, body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle mass and body fat percentage was measured using body composition monitor. Mid arm, waist, hip and neck circumference was measured using a measuring tape, while skin fold thickness was measured using a skin fold caliper. Data analysis was done using Microsoft Excel Data Analysis Tool pack (2019 Edition) and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 23.0). T-test was done to determine differences in anthropometric parameters for those on contraceptives and the control, and type of contraceptive (implants and injectables). Significant difference with regards to age and duration of contraception were determined using ANOVA at P < 0.05.

Results: Except for skeletal muscle mass, women on hormonal contraceptives have higher but non-significant mean values for all anthropometric parameters compared to the control. Age related differences were not observed for the three (3) age categories involved in the study (20 – 29 years; 30 – 39 years; ≥ 40 years). Type of contraceptive (implants and injectables) also do not have any significant effect on the anthropometric parameters of the study group and the control. Gradual increase in measured parameters were observed over time, but no significant difference was observed over the period of five (5) years as categorized (< 1 year, 1 - 2 years, 3 - 4 years and ≥ 5 years).

Conclusion: These findings will be relevant to gynecologists, obstetricians, family physicians , medical anthropologists and research scientists.
Livelihood Analysis of Small Tea Growers by Analysing their Farming Systems and Resource Utilization in Jorhat District
Authors: Kishore Bordoloi Shyamal , Deka M. , Bhuyan R. P. , Gogoi A. S. , Phukon S. K. , Sonowal S. , Tanti N. , Hussain T.
Published: March 2022

The study was undertaken with the objective to examine the existing farming systems and utilization of resources in Titabar Sub division of Jorhat district, which include two development blocks viz. Titabar development block and Jorhat East development block. Primary data revealed that in the study  area, five types farming systems existed viz. Tea, Field & Horticulture crops, Plantation crops excluding tea (FS-I), Tea, Field & Horticulture crops, Plantation crops excluding tea, Fishery (FS-II), Tea, Field & Horticulture crops, Fishery (FS-III), Tea, Field & Horticulture crops (FS-IV) and Tea, Plantation crops excluding tea (FS-V). The variable cost involved in various farming systems was found to be highest in FS-II (Rs. 163946.96 farm-1yr-1) and was lowest in FS-IV (Rs. 52420.20 farm-1yr-1) whereas after undergoing ANOVA single factor analysis of the Benefit Cost ratios, it was found that FS-II has the highest mean value (2.92) and FS-IV has the lowest mean (0.89) which was due to variation in inclusion of different components in the farming systems. Small tea growers of the study area had a wide scope of augmenting the income from their limited farm resources by following proper cultivation practices, moving towards organic tea cultivation, forming farmer producer company through which they can collectively bargain for inputs and sell the tea in a common platform. Involving high yielding varieties of other components, crop rotation, diversification of enterprise, proper utilization of fallow land and market consciousness can help in increasing the income from the other components other than tea.
Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizers on Nutrient Content and Uptake of High Quality Protein Maize (Zea mays L.) to under South Saurashtra Agroclimatic Zone of Gujarat
Authors: Daroga Shiv Prasad , Vala G. S. , Choudhary Sheeshpal , Ram Hakla Chouthu , Choudhary Mahendra
Published: March 2022

An experiment was conducted to assess the “effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on nutrient content and uptake of high quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) to under South Saurashtra agroclimatic zone of Gujarat” during summer, 2016 at the department of agronomy, college of agriculture, JAU, Junagadh.  The experiment comprising of total twelve treatment combinations consisting four levels of nitrogen (Control, 90 kg N ha-1, 120 kg N ha-1, 150 kg N ha-1) and three levels of phosphorus (Control, 45 kg P2O5 ha-1, 60 kg P2O5 ha-1) laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design replicated thrice. The results revealed that application of 150 kg N/ha significantly higher nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content and uptake of grains and straw over control and 90 kg N/ha, while at par with 120 kg N/ha. Result showed that application of 60 kg P2O5 /ha significantly higher nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content and uptake of grains and straw, being remained at par with 45 kg P2O5 /ha over control.
Jehovah's Witness Parents' Experience with Traditional Anaemia Treatment for Children
Authors: Franck Dimoke Okito , Marie-Claire Omanyondo Ohambe , Kasambia Ambassy Bangaisa , Ebubutuy Kuda
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The study focused on the experience of Jehovah's Witness parents with traditional treatment for anaemia in children, with the objectives of determining the experience of Jehovah's Witness parents and determining the type of treatment used for anaemia in children.

Methods: This was a qualitative, phenomenological study based on a free, face-to-face interview with 5 Jehovah's Witness parents.

Results: Respondents had experienced recurrent seizures and transfusion at the request of the caregiver, and the traditional treatment was effective and progressed well. Satisfaction was highest at each onset of anaemia attacks. The majority of respondents expected their children to be cured and survive, and they used oral and external solutions as routes of administration.

Conclusion: Jehovah's Witness parents had experience of traditional treatment of anaemia in children and this treatment was effective.
A convenient Synthesis of 3-aryl-5-Hydroxyalkyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles from a-hydroxy Esters and Amidoximes under Solvent-free Conditions
Authors: De Freitas Filho João Rufino , Rufino de Freitas Jucleiton José , Rufino Freitas Juliano Carlo , De Moura Aldicéia Luiz , Sousa Mata Mauricélia Maria de , França da Silva André Ricardo , Sales Barbosa Maria Verônica de , Ferreira Ramos Jaqueline
Published: March 2022

The present study aimed to synthesis and characterization of 3-aryl-5-hydroxyalkyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles (5a-d, 6a-d, 7a/d, 8a-d and 9a-c). The 3-aryl-5-hydroxyalkyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles were synthesized by treatment of arylamidoxime 1a-d with a-hydroxy esters for 4 hours without any solvent and in the absence of a base. The reaction was monitored by thin layer chromatography (TLC). The heterocycles 5a-d, 6a-d, 7a/d, 8a-d and 9a-c were obtained in moderate and good yields (16-76%). The minor yield of the product (16-55%) probably due to the steric hindrance. The presences of electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups attached to the para position of arylamidoximes were well tolerated by the reaction. The products were characterized by IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and all compounds were in full agreement with the proposed structure. For instance, IR absorptions at 1593 (C=N) and 1473 cm–1 (C–O) were obtained for 3-phenyl-5-(1-hydroxyethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazoles (5a). 1H NMR spectra showed absorption of methine proton of C–OH at δ 5.16. Signals of the methyl groups for 5a-d appeared as doublets at 1.69 ppm (J = 6.6 Hz). The characteristic signals for NCO and NCN in 13C NMR at 180.9 and 168.1 ppm further identified oxadiazole moiety in 5a. With respect to compounds 6a-d the 1H NMR spectra showed a triplet at 5.33 ppm (J= 4.5 Hz) for methine proton and a doublet at 3.71 ppm (J=4.5 Hz) for the methylene groups. The compounds 8a-d showed a singlet at 3.76 ppm due to methyl groups of ester groups. Signals of the CH protons for 7ad appeared as singlet at 6.93 and 5.50 ppm. All other proton signals are observed in their usual resonance areas. On the other hand, the compounds 8a-d showed a singlet at 3.76 ppm due to methyl groups of ester groups. Additionally, the in silico study indicated that all synthesized compounds have a low risk of chronic toxicity and can be administered orally.
Effect of Some Fungal and Bacterial Organisms on the Growth of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) Seedlings
Authors: Ogbuji N. G. , Isalar O. F.
Published: March 2022

Aims: Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] is a legume widely consumed in Africa. The effect of eight organisms viz: Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus niger, Botryodiplodia theobromae, Rhizopus stolonifer, Pseudomonas sp., Corynebacterium sp., Micrococcus sp. and Xanthomonas sp. on the growth of Vigna unguiculata seedlings was determined.

Methodology: Spore suspension of each fungal organism was prepared from pure cultures grown on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) plates and the bacteria used were obtained from slants. Fungal spores were standardized with the help of a haemocytometer slide and gelatine (0.1%) was used as a sticker. Using serial dilution method, 0.1ml of each of the isolated bacteria was collected from the 10-3 dilution and sprayed on the young seedlings using the run-off method. The cowpea seedlings were separately inoculated with each organism at the three leaf stage, three weeks after planting. Seedlings were artificially inoculated by spraying the adaxial surface of the leaves until water-soaked spots were obtained. The experiment was allowed to stand for 2 months and the leaf number, root length, shoot length and total seedling height of the cowpea seedlings were determined.

Results: Symptoms observed on seedlings were: stunted growth, drying of leaves, few fibrous roots, yellowing of leaves, wilting, necrotic lesions, leaf spot, darkening of leaf veins and blight. Most of the test organisms were pathogenic to V. unguiculata causing varying degrees of damage. Fusarium oxysporum caused the most deterioration on cowpea seedlings when compared to the other treatments.

Conclusion: This study has demonstrated the ability of culture filtrates of pathogenic micro-organisms to express symptoms in seedlings and transmit diseases to healthy seedlings.
Effect on Neurotransmitters in Alcoholic People
Authors: Lath Yash Vardhan , Meshram Ajay
Published: March 2022

It has become easier to study different neurotransducers and their functions with advancements in technology. We can also study the impact of alcohol on these neurotransducers that disrupt the body’s normal functioning. As a result, there seems to be a tendency to have adverse effects on the body due to their malfunctioning. The body has several different pathways for functioning these neurotransducers like glutamate, GABA, serotonin, and dopamine. Some are excitant neurotransducers, and some are interdictory. Both have different reactions when exposed to alcohol for a long or short period. This review paper will briefly introduce what alcoholism is, what it curtails, and the different pathways and how they get blocked by the presence of alcohol in the body. Humans rely on our brain for almost all the activities we carry out daily, whether vital or non-vital. The human body works as an intricate machine. The introduction of a foreign object like alcohol causes the harmony of the machinery to bend out of place and throw everything out of balance. The article explains how our brain acts in the presence of alcohol, not even for a long time but short as well, and is helpful to find a corrective methodic treatment for alcoholism.
Reliability and Validity Analysis of the Academic Stress Inventory in University Students
Authors: Dávila Olga Lidia Solano , Lira Luis Alberto Núñez , Salvatierra Willy Valle , Cabrera Wilberto Fernando Rubio , Ríos Sergio Enrique Valle
Published: March 2022

Currently, the International Health Organizations consider stress a morbidity and should be treated as a public health issue, even more so as a result of the health pandemic experienced. The university student was no stranger to this, suffering the so-called academic stress due to both academic and social factors. To determine the level of this, the SISCO university stress inventory was used, whose purpose was to identify attributes of stress that usually follow undergraduate and graduate students in the course of their university education. It consists of 30 items divided into three dimensions: stressful situations, symptoms (physical, psychological and behavioral reactions) and coping strategies. The results indicated that this inventory has good internal consistency in the total scale and in its dimensions. In terms of validity, the AFE and AFC proved that there are three factors considered in the theoretical model: symptoms, stressors and coping strategies, and the confirmatory analysis indicates an adequate fit for the academic stress model.
The Indication of Obedience in the Holy Qur’an - A Linguistic Approach
Authors: Al-Ma'mori Dr. Hassan Obaied , Chichan Dr. Ameen Obaied
Published: March 2022

The study is based on studying the term (Obedience), clarifying its semantic concept in the Qur’anic usage, rooting it linguistically, and revealing the confusion in determining its significance in the Holy Qur’an, as many commentators have held it beyond its central significance in arrogance and arrogance. In the various contexts of its use, and the research paves the way for this by shedding light on the lexical significance of the article (Obey), and rooting its connotations, then it begins to market the evidence for the authenticity of the indication of (Obedience) on submission and obedience in all the resources of its use, especially in the verse of prayer on the prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), the difference in it for purposes that may distance itself from the explanatory function, which is to reveal the significance of the Qur’anic vocabulary with pure linguistic clues.