bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Mistaken Biography of the Riga Vase or Overglaze Decoration Techniques as an Aspect in the Attribution of a Porcelain Artefact
Authors: Brants Inese
Published: April 2016

This research examines one of the most remarkable exhibits of the Riga Porcelain Museum – the Riga Jubilee Vase made in J. C. Jessen's porcelain factory in honour of the 700th anniversary of Riga. In 1901, the Riga Jubilee Vase was displayed for the first time – in the Riga Anniversary Exhibition of Industry and Crafts. The impressive porcelain object was kept in the Riga Porcelain Factory's museum until 2001, but after the factory's closure it became the pride of the Riga Porcelain Museum's permanent exhibition. Upon reading the article on this outstanding artefact in the 2012 February issue of the magazine Illustrated History, despite it being prepared in cooperation with the Riga Porcelain Museum, reasonable doubt arose about the accuracy of the description of the technical execution of the vase. The article Impressive dedication to Riga reads: 'The red-brown selenium ground and matte gold ornamental band creates a somewhat heavy impression, uncharacteristic for porcelain.' The study aims to find out whether the assertion 'the red-brown selenium ground' is true and eliminate some of the inaccuracies in the use of terms. The research is based on the analyses of the Riga Porcelain Museum's inventory of the Riga Jubilee Vase; the chemical composition data of red porcelain overglaze paints and their technical particularities; an experiment, testing the interaction of cadmium / selenium and iron-containing red overglazes with gilding; and consultations with leading experts – Dace Bluma, formerly employed in the Riga Porcelain Factory, and Sergei Rusakov from the Imperial Porcelain Factory in St. Petersburg. The acquired data allows conclude that iron-containing rather than selenium-containing red paint has been used for the Riga Jubilee Vase grounding and the painting technique's description in the museum's inventory is incorrect.
Evolution of Ink Drawing in History of Art
Authors: Koževņikova Jeļena
Published: April 2016

Drawings created by ink, have a long history of constant developing and evolving, in the result establishing itself as a self-contained drawing technique. Many giants of art, such as Leonardo da Vinci (1452 – 1519), Titian (~1488 – 1576), Albrecht Dürer (1471 – 1528), Marc Chagall (1887 - 1985), Pablo Picasso (1881- 1973) and Salvador Dalí (1904-1989) are well known for theirs artworks made with ink. The aim of the research: Trace and analyze evolution of ink drawing technique, through in ink created artworks of some well-known painters of 15-20 centuries.
The First Exhibitions in Marc Chagall’s Creative Biography
Authors: Lisovs Aleksandrs
Published: April 2016

This article focuses on the early exposition experience of Marc Chagall, on his participation in Russian exhibitions in 1910-12. This experience had influenced his formation as a professional artist. This experience resulted in the recognition, defined his relationship with the artistic environment, critics and collectors. Two letters of M. Chagall to M. Dobuzhynski are published in original language. They are the convincing proof of the fact that at an initial stage of his formation during the first Parisian period when Chagall wasn’t still known and recognized, he continued to enjoy support and care of his Petersburg teachers M. Dobuzhynski and L. Bakst, hoping for their help. In the first half a year of his Parisian life he saw the recognition in a circle of Russian artists of the association “World of Art”. The latest Parisian experience furthered the estrangement of M. Chagall from the “World of Art” and created the rapprochement with the leftist artists oriented on P. Cezanne’s system, the association “Bubnovy Valet” (“Jack of Diamonds”).
Instrumental, Vocal and Choir Theatre of Juris Karlsons
Authors: Vecumnieks Andris
Published: April 2016

The purpose of this article is to introduce the instrumental, vocal and choir music of the Latvian composer Juris Karlsons (*1948) in the context of music theatricality research. The article is based on discoveries and conclusions outlined in the doctoral thesis “The Theatricality Phenomenon in Music. Theatrical Space of Juris Karlsons”. The author introduces the current issues of theory and artistry in the instrumental theatre genre, as well as the contribution of Juris Karlsons to this genre and composition technique of the late 20th century. The thesis employs the following research methods: - theoretical methods (research studies): method of abstract analysis (gathering and evaluation with the purpose to create a general background) – studies of theatricality theory, studies of musical theatricality theory, analysis of Karlsons’ oeuvre; - methods of musicological analysis: approach to Karlsons’ works based on the genre analysis and classification method, defining and describing of the immanent characteristics, as well as musical style analysis method; - empirical and deductive methods (contributed from personal experience) – research, comparison and evaluation (determination of tendencies and guidelines), personal perception experience, observations and discoveries, writing and publishing articles for scientific conferences, music history lectures at JVLMA, secondary music schools and other institutions, own conductor’s experience; - semiotic method (significance of a system of symbols in Karlsons’ oeuvre); - data processing methods – evaluation, comparative analysis and systematization, including hypothetical modelling; - comparative research methods, providing parallel view comparison of musical practices, Karlsons’ oeuvre, as well as other means of expression in music and other arts – music and theatre, music and literature, music and visual arts; - methods of selection – evaluation of scientific research works and selection of analytical works; - field research methods – interviews with Karlsons and his contemporaries.
9. LA CIUDADANÍA DE LA UNIÓN EUROPEA EN RETROCESO: EL CAMBIO DE RUMBO DEL TRIBUNAL DE JUSTICIA EN LOS ASUNTOS BREY, DANO Y ALIMANOVIC
Authors: LIROLA Isabel
Published: April 2016

La crisis económica y sus consecuencias posteriores se han proyectado sobre los derechos de libre circulación y residencia de los ciudadanos de la Unión, reabriendo el debate sobre el derecho al acceso a prestaciones sociales en el Estado miembro de acogida (especialmente por parte de los inactivos económicamente). En un camino que comienza en el asunto Brey y se confirma en sus sentencias en los asuntos Dano y Alimanovic, el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea se aparta de su jurisprudencia anterior y utiliza una interpretación legalista y restrictiva de la Directiva 2004/38 que supone un retroceso en el desarrollo de la ciudadanía de la Unión.
The Role of Weight Loss in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Franz Marion J ,   Nutrition Concepts by Franz, Inc., Minneapolis, US
Published: April 2016

Weight loss is important for the prevention of prediabetes, for halting the progression of prediabetes to diabetes, and for improving metabolic outcomes early after the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. However, as type 2 diabetes progresses from being primarily related to insulin resistance to insulin deficiency, weight loss that can be achieved by many individuals may or may not improve outcomes. A reduced energy intake continues to be essential. For some it may lead to weight loss, for some it may prevent weight regain after weight loss, and for some it may prevent weight gain, but even without weight loss, it can have beneficial effects on metabolic outcomes.
Diabetes Technology and Therapy in the Pediatric Age Group
Authors: Forlenza Gregory P , Maahs David ,   Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, US,   Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, US
Published: April 2016

Recent data from the Type 1 Diabetes Exchange has highlighted the urgent need for better glycemic control in the pediatric age group. Fortunately, ongoing research on insulin pumps, continuous glucose monitors, and artificial pancreas systems continues to improve our ability to manage type 1 diabetes in all age groups, while reducing the burden of care at the same time. Here we discuss the status of diabetes technology research as well as future directions and goals of these projects.
Concerns About the American Thyroid Association Guidelines on Pediatric Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Fridman Michael , Demidchik Yuri , Drozd Valentina , Reiners Christoph ,   Republican Centre for Thyroid Tumors, Minsk, Belarus,   Oncology Department, Belarusian Medical Academy for Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus,   The International Fund “Help for patients with radiation induced thyroid cancer ‘Arnica,’” Minsk, Belarus,   Clinic and Policlinic of Nuclear Medicine, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
Published: April 2016

Very recently, a system for evaluation, treatment and follow-up of children with papillary carcinoma was established by the American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force. In our opinion, this issue needs further consideration because of several uncertainties that have to be addressed.
The role of vascular endothelial growth factor in the regulation of development and functioning of the brain: new target molecules for pharmacotherapy
Authors: Roslavtceva V.V. , Salmina A.B. , Prokopenko S.V. , Pozhilenkova E.A. , Kobanenko I.V. , Rezvitskaya G.G.
Published: April 2016

Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) have been shown to participate in atherosclerosis, arteriogenesis, cerebral edema, neuroprotection, neurogenesis, angiogenesis, postischemic brain and vessel repair. Most of these actions involve VEGF-A and the VEGFR-2 receptor. VEGF signaling pathways represent an important potential for treatment of neurological diseases affecting the brain
Book Review: Daschuk, J. (2013). Clearing the Plains: Disease, Politics of Starvation, and the Loss of Aboriginal Life
Authors: Boateng Godfred O.
Published: April 2016

This article is a critical review of James Daschuk's book, Clearing the Plains: Disease, Politics, Starvation, and the Loss of Aboriginal Life.
G(n)o(s)tycyzm Female queer gothic, gnoza i dyskurs o kobiecej potworności (o „Almie” Izabeli Filipiak)
Authors: Sobolczyk Piotr
Published: April 2016

Artykuł proponuje interpretacje słabo opisanej powieści Izabeli Filipiak „Alma” (2003) w kontekście queer female gothic i dyskursu o „kobiecej potworności” zaini-cjowanego przez „Frankensteina” Mary Shelley. Autor dystansuje się wobec meta-tematycznej uwagi genologicznej Filipiak, że jej powieść reprezentuje cyberpunk, wskazuje natomiast na liczne zbieżności z książką „Skin shows” Judith Halberstam. W drugiej części artykułu analizowane są odniesienia gnostyckie powieści Filipiak, trawestującej „Hymn o perle” w feministycznym ujęciu. Osobny akapit poświęcony został teoretycznemu ustaleniu ogólnych relacji między gotycyzmem a gnozą.
Przez maszynę do Boga. Transhumanistyczne koncepcje w „Perfekcyjnej niedoskonałości”
Authors: Atłas-Leśniewicz Beata
Published: April 2016

Tekst zawiera analizę odniesień do nurtu myślowego zwanego transhumanizmem występujących w utworze Jacka Dukaja „Perfekcyjna niedoskonałość”. Autorka opisuje pokrótce najważniejsze odmiany nurtu, a następnie przedstawia zawarte w powieści transhumanistyczne koncepcje, począwszy od przewidywanych zmian w hierarchii społecznej, metodach edukacji i relacjach rodzinnych, jak również zmian w biologicznych aspektach człowieczeństwa, aż momentu, w którym zwykły (nieulepszony) człowiek pozostaje daleko w tyle za sztucznymi inteligencjami. Autorka zwraca także uwagę na współczesne koncepcje, które znalazły odbicie w powieściowej rzeczywistości, takie jak postgenderyzm oraz na zagrożenia związane z tak daleko posuniętymi zmianami w społeczeństwie i systemie rządów. Pracę zamykają rozważania nad koncepcją Inkluzji Ultymatywnej, stanowiącej możliwy do osiągnięcia punkt rozwoju dający boski status w naszym wszechświecie.
Wczesna twórczość prozatorska Zofii Nałkowskiej i Iryny Wilde w kontekście literatury modernistycznej
Authors: Yaniv Yaryna
Published: April 2016

W artykule dokonano analizy porównawczej wczesnej twórczości Zofii Nałkowskiej i Iryny Wilde pod względem nowatorstwa zastosowanych technik pisarskich. W toku analiz wiele uwagi poświęcono motywom wspólnym obu pisarkom, zwłaszcza eksponowaniu przez nie wewnętrznego świata kobiety. Szczegółowo zanalizowano wypowiedzi współczesnych krytyków na temat dzieł obu pisarek, wskazując pewne paralele.
Tadeusza Kantora „krótkie spięcia sensu między słowami”
Authors: Skrzypczak Magdalena
Published: April 2016

Artykuł eksponuje praktykę pisarską Tadeusza Kantora – „artysty teatru”, który w swoich pismach – zarówno teoretycznych, jak i stricte artystycznych/literackich – przekraczał granice klasycznie rozumianej gatunkowości, zmierzając w stronę hybrydyzacji tekstu. Autorka podejmuje krytyczny dialog z trzytomową edycją „Pism” artysty, wskazując jednocześnie na ważność manuskryptu jako świadectwa dynamicznego procesu twórczego. Odwołując się do koncepcji kłącza Gilles’a Deleuze’a i Félixa Guattariego, autorka akcentuje problem kłączowatości zapisków artysty oraz konfrontuje jego teksty z tą figurą-modelem (rhizome), wskazując na nieprzystawalność ponowoczesnego myślenia o podmiocie względem praktyki pisarskiej Kantora. Natomiast sięgając do koncepcji poezji Brunona Schulza i zestawiając ją z refleksjami Kantora na temat języka i mitu, autorka próbuje odnaleźć klucz do językowej koncepcji pisarstwa artysty, nieustannie poszukującego własnego idiomu oraz toczącego swoistą walkę ze słowem.
Teksty o tekstach o tekstach. Rec. Andrzej Szahaj, „O interpretacji”, Universitas, Kraków 2014, ss. 184
Authors: Szaj Patryk
Published: April 2016

Autor recenzuje książkę Andrzeja Szahaja, „O interpretacji”. W swym szkicu zwraca uwagę na prekursorstwo tez głoszonych przez Szahaja w latach 90. XX wieku wobec polskiej recepcji problematyki zwrotów: etycznego, politycznego i kulturowego. Ponadto, stawia tezę, iż neopragmatystyczne stanowisko Szahaja można także uznać za stanowisko hermeneutyczne sensu largo, przeciwstawione paradygmatowi formalno-strukturalno-semiotycznemu nowoczesnego literaturoznawstwa. Z tego punktu widzenia autor podejmuje krytykę Szahajowskiej krytyki hermeneutyki, starając się dowieść, że „w tekście istnieje raczej coś, niźli nic”, zwracając uwagę na rozmaite przesądzenia kulturowe Szahaja, które determinują jego ocenę nie tylko hermeneutyki, ale także na przykład dekonstrukcji. Całość szkicu utrzymana jest jednak w tonie życzliwej polemiki lub też, inaczej rzecz ujmując, „sporu w rodzinie”.
Filologia doświadczalna Rec. książki Arkadiusza Żychlińskiego, „Laboratorium antropofikcji. Dociekania filologiczne”, Wydawnictwo IBL, Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, Warszawa 2014, ss. 389
Authors: Jarzyna Anita
Published: April 2016

Artykuł jest obszernym omówieniem książki Arkadiusza Żychlińskiego pt. „Labo-ratorium antropofikcji. Dociekania filologiczne” (Warszawa 2014). Autorka podkreśla pionierski, zwłaszcza na gruncie polskiej humanistyki, charakter rozważań po-znańskiego germanisty, który odnosząc się do wybranych badań z zakresu zoologii, etologii, antropologii, rozważa możliwość uczynienia z filologii soczewki do namysłu nad antropogenezą. Wypracowywanej w ten sposób koncepcji przyświeca przede wszystkim myśl Martina Heideggera, przekonanego o nieredukowalnej różnicy między człowiekiem a zwierzęciem. Żychliński chce ową różnicę eksplorować za pośrednictwem fikcji; uczony przyjmuje, a poniekąd również wprowadza szerokie rozumienie tego pojęcia, którym obejmuje fabuły literackie, filmowe, serialowe oraz występujące w grach komputerowych. To one stają się owymi laboratoriami, w których eksperymentuje się z różnymi modelami życia, sposobami bycia człowiekiem (wyłącznie człowiekiem!). Autorka niniejszego omówienia dowartościowuje oryginalną koncepcję, wynikającą między innymi ze splotu studiów humanistycznych z naukami o życiu, jednocześnie wymienia szereg zastrzeżeń, jakie rodzą się, gdy czytać pracę Żychlińskiego z perspektywy krytycznych studiów nad zwierzętami.
Jak nas czytają za granicą? (Ankieta 1)
Authors: Bocianowski Cécile
Published: April 2016

W odpowiedzi na pytania ankiety belgijska badaczka mówi o specyfice odbioru literatury polskiej w jej kraju, zwłaszcza zaś w stolicy. Zwraca uwagę na inicjatywy służące popularyzacji polskiej kultury podejmowane przez takie instytucje, jak np. Instytut Polski, Wolny Uniwersytet w Brukseli. Mówi również o specyfice studiów polonistycznych w Belgii i zainteresowaniu studentów np. zagadnieniem cenzury.
Czym jest dziś czytanie literatury? (Ankieta 3)
Authors: Borkowska Grażyna
Published: April 2016

W odpowiedzi na pytania ankiety, literaturoznawca opowiada o swoich czytelniczych pasjach.
An Evaluation of Genesis and Impaction of 3rd Molar in Adolescents
Authors: Shah Ankita Pankajbhai , Parekh Paras Arvindbhai
Published: April 2016

In the process of evolution the jaw has become smaller, allowing less room for the 3rd molars and causing numerous dental problems. Research now indicates that in many of cases there is complete agenesis of 3rd molars which may be because of environmental influence on human evolutionary process. An objective of this study is to asses genesis and impaction of 3rd molar in adolescents of Ahmedabad city. This study was done in 100 adolescents (age 15-19 years) of Ahmedabad city during January 2013 to July 2013. Genesis or agenesis and impaction of 3rd molar was confirmed by Orthopantomogram (OPG) and data was analyzed using Fisher's exact test in GraphPad Prism software (6.0.3). Out of 100 adolescents, 66 have presence of tooth-buds of all four 3rd molars, while in 23 cases OPG shows absence of tooth-bud (agenesis) of one of the four 3rd molars, in 6 cases tooth-buds of two out of the four 3rd molar were absent, in 3 cases tooth-buds of three out of four were found to be absent and in 2 cases all the four 3rd molar tooth-buds were absent. Gender difference was not significant. Different pattern of impaction was found in 38 subjects. Agenesis & impaction of 3rd molar may be a part of evolutionary process which has undergone because of changes in food habits from coarse abrasive diet to soft western diet.
Abdurrahman Wahid, Depth Islam, and Religious Pluralism
Authors: Bahri Media Zainul
Published: April 2016

This essay elucidates the idea of religious pluralism of Abdurrahman Wahid (1940-2009), a very important figure in the tradition of Indonesian Islam. Wahis’s ideas of religious pluralism is based on what the so-called “Depth Islam” (DI). DI is different from the usual theological dogmas that only contains concepts and structures. DI is not a literal and superficial forms of religion. It is an understanding that goes beyond the literal texts to look for the principles and spirit of religion in appreciating humanity, diversity and peace. DI may have arisen because of the long process of religious internalization within Wahid experiences, but it is also a hybrid form, i.e., it is a result of the process of encountering or learning Wahid’s traditions inter-mingling with cultures of the wider world.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v19i2.333
Social Resilience of Minority Group: Study on Syiah Refugees in Sidoarjo and Ahmadiyah Refugees in Mataram
Authors: Pamungkas Cahyo
Published: April 2016

This research conceptually aims to find out the strategy the Shia community in Sidoarjo, East Java, and Ahmadiyya community in Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara, have employed to defend themselves from the pressure of the state and Sunni Muslim as majority group due to the differences in textual interpretation toward Islamic Holy Scriptures (The Qur’an). The theoretical implication from this study is to evaluate and criticize social resilience concept which refers to developmentalistic perspectives such as the use of social capital. In this article, social resilience is closely related to strategy of minorities to establish a tolerant multi religious community. This study argues that social resilience of religious minority groups, i.e. Shia in Sidoarjo and Ahmadiyya in Mataram, is formed by various aspects, such as the government policies on religious life, history of group formation, social relations and network, understanding towards religious values and spirituality, and cultural bonds in the community.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v19i2.418
Talanoa'i ‘A e Talanoa—Talking about Talanoa: Some dilemmas of a novice researcher
Authors: Fa'avae David , Jones Alison , Manu'atu Linitā
Published: April 2016

Pasifika social science researchers in Pacific contexts are encouraged to use research methods that reflect the lived realities of their participants, rather than reproduce what are seen as Western methods of research. As a Pasifika process, talanoa has become a popular research method, often likened to narrative interviews. It has been defined as an open, informal conversation between people in which they share their stories, thoughts and feelings (Vaioleti, 2006). This paper is a critique of how talanoa as a research method is represented in the literature, based on an account of the difficulties I have encountered as a beginning researcher grappling with the idea and practice of talanoa in my own research practice. I argue that improving the practice and understanding of talanoa requires open discussion about the practical dilemmas sometimes experienced by researchers attempting to use this approach.
Fermín Caballero: convenio institucional de digitalización de los fondos de la Real Academia de la Historia, biblioteca y premios de sociología
Authors: Garrido Gallego Jesús
Published: April 2016

Este año 2003, la cultura castellano manchega y nacional está de enhorabuena por varias razones. La principal se encuentra en la firma de un protocolo entre varias instituciones, relativo ala copia digital de los documentos que Fermín Caballero, política conquense de gran proyección nacional e internacional, mandó quedasen depositados en la Real Academia de la Historia. Este protocolo de intenciones y convenio de digitalización del fondo de Fermín Caballero en la Real Academia de la Historia es un importante documento fechado el 14 de marzo de 2003, firmado por D. Gonzalo Anes y Álvarez de Castrillón en nombre de la R.A.H.; Da Lourdes Hemando de Larramendi, representante de la Fundación Hemando de Larramendi; Dª Carmen Valmorisco Martín, Consejera de Administraciones Públicas de la Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha y D. Luis Ayllón Oliva, Alcalde de Barajas de Melo, de donde era natural Caballero.

Entre los motivos expuestos por dichas instituciones para la digitalización y publicación de los fondos de Fermín Caballero se encuentran los que siguen. Por parte de la Real Academia de la Historia, como propietaria de la documentación, el deseo de difundir los documentos custodiados de este importante político, geógrafo y polígrafo español. Por parte de la Fundación Hernando de Larramendi, promotora de proyectos de Bibliotecas Virtuales con el ánimo de difundir el pensamiento y una amplia selección de la obra de varios polígrafos españoles, entre los cuales se encuentra Fermín Caballero.
Ideología, tecnocracia y liberalismo
Authors: De Lucas Murillo de la Cueva Fernando
Published: April 2016

Después del triunfo del Partido Popular en las legislativas de marzo del 2000, y con la reconfiguración del arco parlamentario, parece pertinente replantear el rumbo que viene tomando la política en nuestro país (y, en definitiva, Europa). Para ello, el autor se cuestiona (en un debate ya existente desde hace bastante tiempo, pero no por ello menos actual sobre el problema de democracias parlamentarias. Así, pues, nos preguntamos -desde una perspectiva que pretende incentivar discusión política-, qué ocurre con la misma política a través del papel relevante de la ideología, la tecnocracia y el liberalismo. Lo que supone polemizar sobre el discurso economicista el problema del liderazgo político y la crisis de las Instituciones modernas. "La circulación de ideas, de preferencias, de programas diversos en un régimen democrático sólo puede resultar beneficiosa para la propia democracia. La oposición, no sólo la político-parlamentaria, sino la verdaderamente social e intelectual, desarrolla su cometido cuando elabora ideas, expresa preferencias, produce programas, apunta soluciones que desafían a los gobiernos de turno y estimulan a la opinión pública. También cumple su cometido cuando ejerce el control sobre los gobiernos y aplica su crítica a las decisiones ya las indecisiones de los gobernantes. Incluso cuando cuestiona los modos de gobierno y el eventual alejamiento de los valores codificados, no sólo en la Constitución sino también en los principios ético".
El retorno del Emperador Trajano a la Puerta del Sol: origen y situación actual de Rumanía
Authors: Gutiérrez Resa Antonio
Published: April 2016

La presencia en España de inmigrantes rumanos es una razón para saber quiénes son descendientes del emperador español Trajano. Un país, Rumanía, eminentemente agrícola y cuya población activa en 1930 ascendía a los 10,5 millones de personas. En la actualidad la industria romana ocupa al 23% de la población activa mientras que la agricultura cuenta con el 40% de los 8.629.000 millones de personas activas de 22,5 millones de rumanos. Y junto a su agricultura e industria es de destacar su potencial cultural y turístico. Sin embargo la vida de los rumanos no es fácil cuando su sueldo medio es de 150 euros al mes, el precio a pagar por un piso de tres habitaciones son 30.000 euros. A pesar de todo, la entrada de Rumania en la Unión Europea prevista para el año 2007 es un reto para su futuro.
La formación de profesores ante los retos de la sociedad multicultural
Authors: Alves de Carvalho Luzia
Published: April 2016

La sociedad multicultural es hoy un gran desafío a la educación intercultural. En efecto, el mundo se tornó pequeño: una plaza única donde se mueven gentes de todas las razas, culturas, etnias; un gran mercado donde transitan capital, tecnologías, recursos, empresas y productos. En estos contextos la educación tiene que cambiar y buscar modelos adecuados a la heterogeneidad vigente en toda escuela. Pero esta educación no se podrá llevar a cabo sin una sólida, actual y eficaz formación de los profesores, dotados de las competencias necesarias a la educación que respete las diferencias y garantice el aprendizaje.
To Keep Me Safe from Harm? Transgender Prisoners and the Experience of Imprisonment
Authors: Edney Richard
Published: April 2016

The experience of imprisonment for a transgender person is often a terrifying one. He or she is extremely vulnerable in such an environment from sexual violence from other prisoners. In addition, he or she may be exposed to inadequate or inappropriate medical care. Consequently transgender prisoners are often denied the protection offered by rule of law. A significant reason for this treatment is the erasure of the transgender experience in informing the nature of the prison regime. In particular, the failure to give sufficient weight to gender self identification by transgender prisoners exposes them to risks which other prisoners do not have to en- dure. It is suggested that the only way to reduce such harm is through the cultivation of a prison regime based upon the lives of transgender prisoners.
Re Alex: Adolescent Gender Identity Disorder and the Family Court of Australia
Authors: Mills Eithne
Published: April 2016

‘People with gender identity disorder live with a conviction that their physical anatomy is incompatible with their true gender role. They have an overwhelming desire to live and function in the opposite biological sex’.1 The manifestation of the disorder in children and adolescents is dominated by secrecy, confusion and shame. The purpose of this article is to promote discussion amongst the legal fraternity of the difficult issues confronting the Family Court of Australia when asked to make decisions with life-altering ramifications for the young and vulnerable.
Brigitte and the French Connection: Security Carte Blanche or A La Carte?
Authors: Carne Greg
Published: April 2016

The October 2003 deportation of French terror suspect Willy Brigitte highlights the legal and political usages of recently conferred and controversial counter- terrorism detention and questioning laws. This article explores the executive con- tention upon a comparison with the French system, Australian detention and questioning powers require significant expansion. Executive usages of the Brigitte incident in response to terrorism display alarming trends steadily eroding rule of law principles and undermining the institutions and practices of Australian democracy. The article analyses ASIO detention and questioning powers and subsequent and possible expansions. It demonstrates that the constant review, reworking and revisiting of those powers is a more overt politicisation of counter-terrorism responses, employs executive mandated review at the expense of more measured, deliberative and democratic practice and leads to the attrition of rights as the legislation’s “balance” is continually contested. The indefinite nature of the terrorism threat and the restraint on such responses as political only, in the absence of a bill of rights, makes these developments of real concern. The article argues, through several illustrations, that claims for expanded detention and questioning powers have been inappropriately presented. The article concludes that there is neither a rational nor substantiated case for the claim to loosen constraints on already unprecedented counter-terrorism detention and questioning powers.
PERSONAL ASPIRATIONS, THE “GOOD LIFE” AND THE LAW
Authors: KASSER TIM
Published: April 2016

[Many of the messages conveyed and laws created by capitalistic, consumer culture encourage the pursuit of goals for wealth, image and status. Sub- stantial research shows, however, that when individuals focus on such “ex- trinsic” goals, they report lower personal well-being and engage in more problematic social and ecological behaviour than when they are oriented towards “intrinsic” pursuits for personal growth, affiliation, and community feeling. Legislative agendas that are designed to increase “time affluence” and protect children from commercialisation are discussed as example ac- tivities lawyers could pursue to help increase intrinsic and decrease extrin- sic aspirations.]
WHY LAWYERS ARE UNHAPPY
Authors: SELIGMAN MARTIN E P , VERKUIL PAUL R , KANG TERRY H
Published: April 2016

[According to the authors of this article, the growing unhappiness of law- yers, particularly young lawyers, stems from three causes: (1) Lawyers are selected for their pessimism (or “prudence”) and this generalizes to the rest of their lives; (2) Young associates hold jobs that are characterized by high pressure and low decision latitude, exactly the conditions that promote poor health and poor morale; and (3) American law is to some extent a zero-sum game, and negative emotions flow from zero-sum games. ..

This article has been shared with practitioners as well as academics. It grows out of faculty seminars held at the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law in the fall of 1999, which included managing partners of several major New York Law firms, and in spring 2001, as well as a meeting of the New York Chapter of the American Bar Foundation in the spring of 2000. The theory of positive psychology framed the discussion.] 
HOMELESSNESS, POVERTY AND DISCRIMINATION: IMPROVING PUBLIC HEALTH BY REALISING HUMAN RIGHTS
Authors: LYNCH PHILIP
Published: April 2016

[There are clear casual and consequential links between homelessness, poverty, discrimination and poor health. This article argues that the engagement of homelessness and health in a human rights framework enables effective identification of socio-economic determinants of ill
 health and creation of the enabling conditions necessary for good
 health. The article contends that the integration of human rights principles into health service development, implementation and delivery, focuses attention on the need for health services to be adequate, accessible, non-discriminatory and appropriately targeted. The article also contends that a human rights approach to homelessness, poverty and health also imposes obligations - and enables measurement - in relation to realisation of the right to health and interconnected human rights (including the

right to adequate housing, the right to social security, the right to non-discrimination, the right to participation, and the right to human dignity and respect)] 
THE AUSTRALIAN CONSTITUTION AND THE SHAPING OF OUR FEDERAL AND STATE LABOUR LAWS*
Authors: MCCALLUM RON
Published: April 2016

[In this article, the author makes the serious point that labour laws based upon the “corporations power” under the Australian Constitution will be centred around corporations to the detriment of flesh and blood persons who interact with corporations. Wholesome labour laws seek to balance the rights, duties and obligations of employers and employees as equal le- gal actors in the processes of work and production. However, general la- bour laws of broad application which would be required to found a national labour regime, which were enacted in reliance upon the corpora- tions power, could not for long maintain this balance between employers and employees. In the fullness of time, these labour laws will become little more than a sub-set of corporations law, because inevitably they will fas- ten upon the economic needs of corporations and their employees will be viewed as but one aspect of the productive process in our globalized econ- omy.] 
CARTELS, MEDIA AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS - THE RAPIDLY CHANGING FACE OF AUSTRALIAN COMPETITION REGULATION
Authors: SAMUEL GRAEME
Published: April 2016

[Australia’s Trade Practices Act is a piece of legislation that is constantly evolving to deal with the constantly evolving processes and practices of business – good and bad. Regardless of whether the country’s main tele- communications company, Telstra is privatised, or whether we get one or a hundred new TV channels or even abandon our TV sets for computer screens, the Trade Practices Act will continue, as it has done now for 30 years, to evolve with the economy to continue to protect and promote com- petition for the good of the Australian people.] 
THE RELEVANCE OF REMORSE IN SENTENCING: A REPLY TO BAGARIC AND AMARASEKARA (AND DUFF)
Authors: TUDOR STEVEN
Published: April 2016

[In their 2001 article “Feeling Sorry? — Tell Someone Who Cares: The Irrelevance of Remorse in Sentencing”, Bagaric and Amarasekara argue that offender remorse should be abandoned as a mitigating factor in sen- tencing because it lacks adequate doctrinal support. The present article argues that Bagaric and Amarasekara’s survey of reasons for remorse be- ing a mitigating factor is not wide enough, and, moreover, that their ar- guments against the reasons that they do consider are, at least, controversial. In the course of this reply, the present article also replies to arguments against remorse as a mitigating factor put forward by R. A. Duff.] 
Structured Problem-Solving: Against the 'Step-by-Step' Method
Authors: Taylor Greg
Published: April 2016

Recently a German professor has advocated the adoption in this country of the German style of legal problem solving. Occasionally a German author attempts to civilise the common-law world using what is put forward as a more rational approach. But with such endeavours is usually associated a certain lack of self-critical reflection. In this instance an Australian author is able to draw on his studies in Germany to rectify the omission. He shows that the problem-solving method in question conveys a false picture of the nature of legal problem solving and of the law itself, while not possessing the advantages claimed for it.
The Stolen Generations - Canada and Australia: the Legacy of Assimilation
Authors: Cassidy Julie
Published: April 2016

This article provides a comparative overview of issues pertaining to the stolen generation in Canada and Australia. It includes a historical overview of the removal and detaining of aboriginal children in Canada and Australia. As a consequence of the revelations of this past practice, litigation has been undertaken by members of the stolen generations in both Canada and Australia.
The article includes a summary of the key cases in Canada and Australia. Unlike in Australia, some Canadian aboriginal claimants have successfully brought actions for compensation against the federal Canadian government for the damages stemming from their experiences in the aboriginal residential schools. In the course of this discussion, the various causes of actions relied upon by the
plaintiffs are examined. While the plaintiffs in these leading  Canadian cases were ultimately successful under at least one of their heads of claim, the approaches in these cases in regard to the Crown’s liability for breaching fiduciary duties, the duty of care, and non-delegable duties is inconsistent. Thus even in regard to the Canadian jurisprudence key legal issues pertaining to the Crown’s liability for the aboriginal residential school experience continues to
be unresolved.
When Legal Fictions Collide: The Primacy (Or Otherwise) of the Separate Entity Principle of Corporate Law in Intellectual Property Cases
Authors: Chesmond Rhonda
Published: April 2016

Both “intellectual property” and “the corporation” can be and have been characterized as convenient legal fictions. Both also continue to be increasingly instrumental realities in the commercial world. This paper examines what happens when these two fictions collide - the issue of directors’ and other officers’ liability for intellectual property infringements by companies. Courts and commentators alike have generally advocated the primacy of the separate entity principle of corporate law in order to safeguard commercial enterprise and adventure. However, if intellectual property is viewed in accordance with its underlying justification, as a form of incentive necessary to promote new and useful innovations and creations, then any avoidance of responsibility by directors potentially undermines that incentive. In this event, the question must be posed as to whether the role and place of intellectual property in society warrants (or, indeed, receives) special treatment in cases involving companies infringing intellectual property rights.
The Constitutional Validity of Declarations of Incompatibility in Australian Charters of Rights
Authors: Dalla-Pozza Dominique , Williams George
Published: April 2016

New Australian human rights legislation has created novel ‘dialogues’ between different arms of government. In Victoria and the ACT courts have been empowered to make declarations of incompatibility to the Attorney-General regarding the human rights acts and other legislation. This article examines the Constitutional implications for a similar mechanism in a proposed Commonwealth Human Rights Act
New Challenges for Litigation in the Electronic Age
Authors: Jackson Sheryl
Published: April 2016

Australian courts are already dealing with issues around electronic documents and technology in the pre-trial and trial stages of litigation, in particular in cases involving large volumes of documentation. However issues surrounding the ease with which such documents can be disseminated have troubled the courts. The adoption of new technology is gathering pace, but the courts are proceeding with caution.
Mandatory Requirements, Voluntary Rules and 'Please Explain': A Corporate Governance Quagmire
Authors: Zadkovich John
Published: April 2016

This article characterises Australia’s corporate governance regime as a hybrid blend of mandatory requirements, voluntary rules and a regime whereby if guidelines are not followed then an explanation is expected to be given. Mandatory rules may offer stronger protections to investors, but they are inherently inflexible and not appropriate for all companies. Voluntary rules, on the other hand, raise questions of compliance. This article analyses the present regime and the widening role of ‘black letter’ law after recent corporate collapses.
Hasten Slowly: Urgency, Discretion and Review - a Counter-Terrorism Legislative Agenda and Legacy
Authors: Carne Greg
Published: April 2016

This article examines the practice by the Howard government from 2003 of invoking a paradigm of urgency in the introduction and enactment of multiple examples of counter terrorism legislation, with claims that review and remediation of that legislation best occur after rapid enactment. Speedy
legislative passage was frequently accompanied by few amendments, a discounting of parliamentary and other review recommendations and a contrasting unwillingness or neglect to subsequently review and amend enacted legislation to strengthen safeguards and increase accountability. By
examining selected major examples of counter-terrorism legislation, a comprehensive understanding of the applications of urgency as a legislative mechanism in counter-terrorism law reform from the Howard years can be
obtained. These applications range between the obtaining of immediate political advantage and an ongoing concentration of executive power. Several serious and distinctive features adversely impacting upon representative democracy were also generated by this urgency paradigm in counter-terrorism legislative enactments. The Rudd government has inherited the considerable legacy of this urgency bound legislative agenda. Questions now arise as to whether proper review of that legislation will occur and whether the culture of urgency will persist in a different government’s legislative responses to terrorism.
Recent Developments in Sexual Harassment Law: Towards a New Model
Authors: Mackay Anita
Published: April 2016

Despite more than 20 years of sexual harassment being unlawful, it is still a persistent problem in Australian workplaces and one which is grossly under-reported. The law is this area should seek both to redress the harm
suffered by the victim and to reduce the power imbalance between males and females. The effectiveness of the Sex Discrimination Act 1984 in achieving these objectives was reviewed by a Senate Committee in 2008.
One of its recommendations was for positive duties to be imposed on employers to eliminate sexual harassment. This article outlines how this recommendation might be implemented, and taken further, by shifting the
onus away from the victim and onto the more powerful players in any sexual harassment scenario – the harasser, the employer and the community in the relevant workplace.
The Legal Effect of Voluntary Self-Exclusion Programs for Problem Gambers
Authors: Antolak-Saper Natalia
Published: April 2016

The voluntary self exclusion program has been designed as one attempt to minimise the harm caused by problem gambling and electronic gaming machines. However, the program’s role as a genuine regulatory response is questionable. Few reporting requirements for gaming corporations and a reliance on an unsophisticated method of detecting self-excluded problem gamblers significantly undermine the purpose of the program. This paper considers the liability of gaming venues and corporations in circumstances where a self-excluded problem gambler has not been successfully excluded from the gaming venue. It is suggested that, in entering into the program, a problem gambler may be under a reasonable expectation that the gaming venue will assist in his or her endeavour to control the problematic gambling. Drawing primarily on the laws of Victoria, this article will discuss how the voluntary self-exclusion program is in need of reform so that it can better act as a harm minimisation mechanism. Further, the article will explore possible legal redress in contract, equity and under the Trade Practices Act 1974 (Cth), for problem gamblers who have participated in an ineffective voluntary self-exclusion program.
Sustainable Regional Legal Practice: The Importance of Alliances and the Use of Innovative Information Technology by Legal Practices in Regional, Rural and Remote Queensland
Authors: Hart Caroline
Published: April 2016

Recent reports into legal services in regional, rural and remote Queensland indicate that the supply of legal practitioners is insufficient to provide adequate legal services. This paper draws on the results of thirty in-depth interviews with partners (and directors of incorporated legal practices) on the topic of sustainable regional, rural and remote legal practice, with reference to business management practices. This paper focuses on the use of informal alliances between practitioners, and their use of innovative information technology in an effort to deal with the insufficiency of qualified legal staff.
The Regulation of Online Dispute Resolution: Effectiveness of Online Consumer Protection Guidelines
Authors: Liyanage Kananke Chinthaka
Published: April 2016

Regulation of online dispute resolution (ODR) has become an important element in the conceptualisation of its role as an appropriate dispute resolution mechanism. Given the lack of specific legislation regarding ODR nationally and internationally, there is a growing tendency towards seeking appropriate regulatory models for its regulation in the ODR literature, international organisations, governments and the private sector. While recognising the valuable contributions made in all these fields, this article maps the regulatory approaches for ODR adopted by governments in the Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce developed by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development in 1999 and the Australian Guidelines for Electronic Commerce in 2006. In addition, the viability of the regulatory approaches of these instruments is explored in the context of online consumer arbitration used for the resolution of cross-border business-to-consumer electronic commerce disputes. In the course of the discussion, some insights on further improvements to these guidelines are also provided.
Contractual Penalties in Australian Law after Andrews: An Opportunity Missed
Authors: Gray Anthony
Published: April 2016

This article considers the extent to which an Australian court might be willing to declare a contractual clause to be a ‘penalty’, and so not be enforceable. A recent High Court decision takes a broader view of the courts’ jurisdiction to relieve against ‘penalties’ than has previously been the case. This article has two purposes; first, it critically considers whether the Court’s position is correct, having regard to the long history and rationale for the rule. Secondly, it considers whether the doctrine forbidding penalties in contracts remains an appropriate stand-alone doctrine in contemporary contract law, or whether a recasting of the law in this area is desirable. It concludes that the High Court missed an opportunity to consider more thoroughly the reform of the penalty-liquidated damages distinction, and should have subsumed that principle within the organising principle of unconscionability.
"For the Union Makes Us... Rich?": Preventing Trade Union Corruption in Law after the Health Services Union Saga
Authors: Silver Joel
Published: April 2016

While uncommon, corruption amongst Australian trade union officials is nevertheless well documented and notorious. How the law responds to corruption has become the subject of renewed debate, due to allegations against several former officials of the Health Services Union, in particular Craig Thomson and Michael Williamson. This article argues in favour of revising the provisions describing officials’ duties in the federal Fair Work (Registered Organisations) Act 2009 (Cth) — the law which regulates trade unions — to more closely resemble their sister provisions in the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth). It contends that corrupt officials are best dealt with under specific ‘disloyalty’ offences, as opposed to generic property crimes (such as fraud or obtaining by deception). It also addresses a number of other potential weaknesses in the present legislative scheme.