bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bortezomib, Doxorubicin, Cyclophosphamide, Dexamethasone Induction Followed by Stem Cell Transplantation for Primary Plasma Cell Leukemia: A Prospective Phase II Study of the Intergroupe Francophone du Myélome
Authors: Royer Bruno , Minvielle Stéphane , Diouf Momar , Roussel Murielle , Karlin Lionel , Hulin Cyrille , Arnulf Bertrand , Macro Margaret , Cailleres Sylvie , Brion Annie , Brechignac Sabine , Belhadj Karim , Chretien Marie Lorraine , Wetterwald Marc , Chaleteix Carine , Tiab Mourad , Leleu Xavier , Frenzel Laurent , Garderet Laurent , Choquet Sylvain , Fuzibet Jean Gabriel , Dauriac Charles , Forneker Luc-Matthieu , Benboubker Lotfi , Facon Thierry , Moreau Philippe , Avet-Loiseau Hervé , Marolleau Jean Pierre
Published: April 2016

Purpose

Primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. With conventional chemotherapy, patients typically die within 1 year. In all but one of the retrospective studies reported to date, bortezomib and lenalidomide seem to improve survival. We conducted a prospective phase II trial in patients with pPCL to assess the efficacy of an alternate regimen that combines standard chemotherapy, a proteasome inhibitor, and high-dose melphalan and autologous stem cell transplantation (HDM/ASCT) followed by either allogeneic transplantation or bortezomib/lenalidomide maintenance.

Patients and Methods

Patients 70 years old and younger with newly diagnosed pPCL received four alternating cycles of bortezomib, dexamethasone plus doxorubicin or cyclophosphamide. Peripheral blood stem cells were collected from responding patients with < 1% of circulating plasma cells before HDM/ASCT. As consolidation, young patients received a reduced-intensity conditioning allograft, whereas the remaining patients underwent a second HDM/ASCT followed by 1 year of bortezomib, lenalidomide, dexamethasone. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS).

Results

Forty patients (median age, 57 years; range, 27 to 71 years) were enrolled. The median follow-up was 28.7 months. In the intention-to-treat analysis, the median PFS and overall survival were 15.1 (95% CI, 8.4; -) and 36.3 (95% CI, 25.6; -) months, respectively. The overall response rate to induction was 69%. One patient underwent a syngeneic allograft and 25 HDM/ASCT (16 of whom subsequently received a reduced-intensity conditioning allograft and seven a second ASCT followed by maintenance).

Conclusion

In this prospective trial in patients with pPCL, we show that bortezomib, dexamethasone plus doxorubicin or cyclophosphamide induction followed by transplantation induces high response rates and appears to significantly improve PFS.
European Collaborative Study Defining Clinical Profile Outcomes and Novel Prognostic Criteria in Monoclonal Immunoglobulin M–Related Light Chain Amyloidosis
Authors: Sachchithanantham Sajitha , Roussel Murielle , Palladini Giovanni , Klersy Catherine , Mahmood Shameem , Venner Christopher Paul , Gibbs Simon , Gillmore Julian , Lachmann Helen , Hawkins Philip N. , Jaccard Arnaud , Merlini Giampaolo , Wechalekar Ashutosh D.
Published: April 2016

Purpose

Immunoglobulin M (IgM)–related light chain (AL) amyloidosis, which accounts for 6% to 10% of all AL amyloidosis cases, is a rare and poorly studied clinical entity. Its natural history and management is not clearly defined. Prognostic and response criteria for AL amyloidosis in general have not been validated in this population.

Patients and Methods

We retrospectively gathered data for 250 patients diagnosed with IgM AL amyloidosis from three European amyloidosis centers. Clinical features, hematologic response, and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. The current staging and response criteria in non-IgM AL amyloidosis was applied to this series to assess its utility in this patient cohort.

Results

Patients with IgM AL amyloidosis have a significant IgM paraprotein (median, 10 g/L), less frequent lambda light chain isotype, and evaluable difference between involved and uninvolved free light chains (dFLCs; > 50 mg/L) in only two thirds of patients. Bone marrow showed clear non-Hodgkin lymphoma as the underlying disorder in 54% of patients. Cardiac involvement (45%) is less common but there is more frequent lymph node (20%) and neuropathic (28%) involvement compared with non-IgM AL. Fifty-seven percent of patients achieved a hematologic response (14% very good partial response/complete response [VGPR/CR]), with median OS not reached for patients achieving VGPR/CR, 64 months for PR, and 28 months for nonresponders (P < .001). On multivariate analysis, cardiac involvement, advanced Mayo disease stage, neuropathic involvement, and liver involvement were independent factors that had an impact on survival. Combining abnormal N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and troponin T with liver involvement and the presence of neuropathy gives a better risk model: median OS of patients with none, one, or two or more abnormal factors was 90, 33, and 16 months, respectively.

Conclusion

IgM AL amyloidosis is a distinct clinical entity. Low-risk disease can be defined by combining cardiac involvement with novel prognostic markers. Deeper hematologic responses translate into improved outcomes, yet deep responses remain dismally poor, which highlights the urgent need for novel therapies.
Benefit of Surveillance for Pancreatic Cancer in High-Risk Individuals: Outcome of Long-Term Prospective Follow-Up Studies From Three European Expert Centers
Authors: Vasen Hans , Ibrahim Isaura , Ponce Carmen Guillen , Slater Emily P. , Matthäi Elvira , Carrato Alfredo , Earl Julie , Robbers Kristin , van Mil Anneke M. , Potjer Thomas , Bonsing Bert A. , de Vos tot Nederveen Cappel Wouter H. , Bergman Wilma , Wasser Martin , Morreau Hans , Klöppel Günter , Schicker Christoph , Steinkamp Martin , Figiel Jens , Esposito Irene , Mocci Evelina , Vazquez-Sequeiros Enrique , Sanjuanbenito Alfonso , Muñoz-Beltran Maria , Montans José , Langer Peter , Fendrich Volker , Bartsch Detlef K.
Published: April 2016

Purpose

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a poor prognosis. Hereditary factors play a role in the development of PDAC in 3% to 5% of all patients. Surveillance of high-risk groups, may facilitate detection of PDAC at an early stage. The aim of this study was to assess whether surveillance aids detection of early-stage PDAC or precursor lesions (PRLs) and improves the prognosis.

Patients and Methods

Screening outcomes were collected from three European centers that conduct prospective screening in high-risk groups including families with clustering of PDAC (familial pancreatic cancer [FPC]) or families with a gene defect that predisposes to PDAC. The surveillance program consisted of annual magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, and/or endoscopic ultrasound.

Results

Four hundred eleven asymptomatic individuals participated in the surveillance programs, including 178 CDKN2A mutation carriers, 214 individuals with FPC, and 19 BRCA1/2 or PALB2 mutation carriers. PDAC was detected in 13 (7.3%) of 178 CDKN2A mutation carriers. The resection rate was 75%, and the 5-year survival rate was 24%. Two CDKN2A mutation carriers (1%) underwent surgical resection for low-risk PRL. Two individuals (0.9%) in the FPC cohort had a pancreatic tumor, including one advanced PDAC and one early grade 2 neuroendocrine tumor. Thirteen individuals with FPC (6.1%) underwent surgical resection for a suspected PRL, but only four (1.9%) had high-risk lesions (ie, high-grade intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms or grade 3 pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasms). One BRCA2 mutation carrier was found to have PDAC, and another BRCA2 mutation carrier and a PALB2 mutation carrier underwent surgery and were found to have low-risk PRL. No serious complications occurred as consequence of the program.

Conclusion

Surveillance of CDNK2A mutation carriers is relatively successful, detecting most PDACs at a resectable stage. The benefit of surveillance in families with FPC is less evident.
Eight Cycles of ABVD Versus Four Cycles of BEACOPPescalatedPlus Four Cycles of BEACOPPbaselinein Stage III to IV, International Prognostic Score ≥ 3, High-Risk Hodgkin Lymphoma: First Results of the Phase III EORTC 20012 Intergroup Trial
Authors: Carde Patrice , Karrasch Matthias , Fortpied Catherine , Brice Pauline , Khaled Hussein , Casasnovas Olivier , Caillot Denis , Gaillard Isabelle , Bologna Serge , Ferme Christophe , Lugtenburg Pieternella Johanna , Morschhauser Frank , Aurer Igor , Coiffier Bertrand , Meyer Ralph , Seftel Matthew , Wolf Max , Glimelius Bengt , Sureda Anna , Mounier Nicolas
Published: April 2016

Purpose

To compare patients with high-risk stage III to IV Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) in the phase III European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer 20012 Intergroup trial (Comparison of Two Combination Chemotherapy Regimens in Treating Patients With Stage III or Stage IV Hodgkin’s Lymphoma) who were randomly assigned to either doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) or to bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (BEACOPP).

Patients and Methods

Patients with clinical stage III or IV HL, International Prognostic Score of 3 or higher, and age 60 years or younger received ABVD for eight cycles (ABVD8) or escalated-dose BEACOPP (BEACOPPescalated) for four cycles followed by baseline BEACOPP (BEACOPPbaseline) for four cycles (BEACOPP4+4) without radiotherapy. Primary end points were event-free survival (EFS), treatment discontinuation, no complete response (CR) or unconfirmed complete response (CRu) after eight cycles, progression, relapse, or death. Secondary end points were CR rate, overall survival (OS), quality of life, secondary malignancies, and disease-free survival in CR/CRu patients.

Results

Between 2002 and 2010, 549 patients were randomly assigned to ABVD8(n = 275) or BEACOPP4+4(n = 274). Other characteristics included median age, 35 years; male, 75%; stage IV, 74%; “B” symptoms, 81%; and International Prognostic Score ≥ 4, 59%. WHO performance status was 0 (34%), 1 (48%), or 2 (17%). Median follow-up was 3.6 years. CR/CRu was 82.5% in both arms. At 4 years, EFS was 63.7% for ABVD8versus 69.3% for BEACOPP4+4(hazard ratio [HR], 0.86; 95% CI, 0.64 to 1.15; P = .312); disease-free survival was 85.8% versus 91.0% (HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.33 to 1.06; P = .076), and OS was 86.7% versus 90.3% (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.42 to 1.21; P = .208). Death as a result of toxicity occurred in six and five patients, early discontinuation (before cycle 5) in 12 and 26 patients, treatment crossovers in five and 10 patients, and secondary malignancies in eight and 10 patients in the ABVD8and BEACOPP4+4arms, respectively.

Conclusion

ABVD8and BEACOPP4+4resulted in similar EFS and OS in patients with high-risk advanced-stage HL. Because BEACOPP4+4did not demonstrate a favorable effectiveness or toxicity ratio compared with ABVD8, treatment burden, immediate and late toxicities, and associated costs must be considered before selecting one of these regimens on which to build future treatment strategies.
Von Hippel-Lindau Disease: Genetics and Role of Genetic Counseling in a Multiple Neoplasia Syndrome
Authors: Nielsen Sarah M. , Rhodes Lindsay , Blanco Ignacio , Chung Wendy K. , Eng Charis , Maher Eamonn R. , Richard Stéphane , Giles Rachel H.
Published: April 2016

Von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) is one of the most common inherited neoplasia syndromes and is characterized by highly vascular tumors of the eyes, brain, and spine, as well as benign and malignant tumors and/or cysts of the kidneys, adrenal medullae and sympathetic paraganglia, endolymphatic sac, epididymis, and broad ligament. Since the discovery of the VHL gene in 1993, more than 900 families with VHL have been identified and examined. Genetic testing for VHL is widely available and will detect a disease-causing mutation in rate 95% to 100% of individuals who have a clinical diagnosis of VHL, making it the standard of care for diagnosis of VHL. Furthermore, genetic testing for VHL is indicated in some individuals with seemingly sporadic VHL-related tumor types, as ≤ 10% of pheochromocytoma or early-onset renal cell carcinoma and ≤ 40% of CNS hemangioblastoma harbor germline VHL mutations without a family history or additional features of VHL disease. The majority of VHL mutations are private, but there are also well-characterized founder mutations. VHL is a complex, multiorgan disease that spans the breadth of oncology subspecialties, and, as such, providers in these subspecialties should be aware of when to consider a diagnosis of VHL, when to refer a patient to a genetics specialist for consideration of gene testing, and, perhaps most importantly, how to communicate this sensitive information in an age-appropriate manner to at-risk families. This review will provide state-of-the-art information regarding the genetics of VHL and will serve as a key reference for nongenetics professionals who encounter patients with VHL.
Advanced Glycation Endproducts and Bone Material Strength in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Furst Jessica R. , Bandeira Leonardo C. , Fan Wen-Wei , Agarwal Sanchita , Nishiyama Kyle K. , McMahon Donald J. , Dworakowski Elzbieta , Jiang Hongfeng , Silverberg Shonni J. , Rubin Mishaela R.
Published: April 2016

Context:

Skeletal deterioration, leading to an increased risk of fracture, is a known complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Yet plausible mechanisms to account for skeletal fragility in T2D have not been clearly established.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to determine whether bone material properties, as measured by reference point indentation, and advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs), as determined by skin autofluorescence (SAF), are related in patients with T2D.

Design:

This was a cross-sectional study.

Setting:

The study was conducted at a tertiary medical center.

Patients:

Sixteen postmenopausal women with T2D and 19 matched controls participated in the study.

Main Outcome Measures:

Bone material strength index (BMSi) by in vivo reference point indentation, AGE accumulation by SAF, and circulating bone turnover markers were measured.

Results:

BMSi was reduced by 9.2% in T2D (P = .02) and was inversely associated with the duration of T2D (r = −0.68, P = .004). Increased SAF was associated with reduced BMSi (r = −0.65, P = .006) and lower bone formation marker procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide (r = −0.63, P = .01) in T2D, whereas no associations were seen in controls. SAF accounted for 26% of the age-adjusted variance in BMSi in T2D (P = .03).

Conclusions:

Bone material properties are impaired in postmenopausal women with T2D as determined by reference point indentation. The results suggest a role for the accumulation of AGEs to account for inferior BMSi in T2D.
The Two Enslavements of Rufina: Slavery and International Relations on the Southern Border of Nineteenth-Century Brazil
Authors: Grinberg Keila
Published: April 2016

As the Atlantic slave trade came to an end in Brazil in the 1850s, a new form of trafficking began across the borders of Brazil and its neighboring countries. Free persons—mainly women and children living in small communities in Uruguay and Argentina—were kidnapped to be sold as slaves in Brazil. By analyzing the illegal enslavement of the African Rufina and her family along the border between Brazil and Uruguay in 1854, this study argues that Brazilian catchers opened up a new frontier of enslavement, kidnapping free persons in countries where slavery was already abolished. The kidnappings and the diplomatic problems that they generated brought tensions to the development of international relations between Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, and Britain in the 1850s and 1860s.
Media Piracy and the Terrorist Boogeyman: Speculative Potentiations
Authors: Sarkar Bhaskar
Published: April 2016

The criminalization of media piracy, which dates as far back as the seventeenth-century yoking of copyright infringements to more violent forms of looting on the open seas, runs up against the romantic allure of the swash-buckling pirate. Whether the rogue booksellers of the eighteenth century or contemporary digital file sharers, the media pirate cuts a hip, antiestablishment figure: at once creative, transgressive, and enterprising. So the search for more demoniacal associations continues, roping in the smuggler, the counterfeiter, the serial killer, and, closer to our times, the terrorist. As the war on terror bleeds into the war on piracy, the dual logics of segregation and immunization that shape all biopolitical paradigms of security increasingly inform reports brought out by government agencies and ostensibly independent think tanks. Securitizing the global population against piratical depredation requires the partitioning of piracy into creative activities (collage, sampling, mash up) that produce something new and acts of mere poaching that add no value. This demarcation is mapped onto the planet: large parts of Asia, Africa, and Latin America—the historically constituted Global South—are marked as problem zones for the global governance of intellectual property. Within these regions, there is a widening chasm between neoliberal elites and the relationally subaltern masses in their adherence to IPR (intellectual property rights) regimes and their attitude toward piratical activities. Starting with the liberal distinction between productive and unproductive forms of media piracy, a distinction that shores up a geopolitics of legality with Asia as its wild and recalcitrant outpost, this article explores the implications of the gap that opens up between legality and legitimacy. In the absence of hard evidence from the informal “survival” sectors, the article draws on ethnographic and anecdotal evidence to explain the lack of political will in enforcing IPR laws. Taking into account the myriad ground-level practices around media forms and platforms, the concept of global media is reconsidered. Finally, the article ends with two takes on the framing of piratical activities as “parasitical.” First, it argues that the “third” of Third Cinema now lives on in these “Southern” piratical practices. Second, in a more speculative vein, it argues for a development of the parasitical as a framework for apprehending the creative potentiations of media piracy beyond the confines of bourgeois legality.
Simultaneous optimisation of earwig hindwings for flight and folding
Authors: Deiters Julia , Kowalczyk Wojciech , Seidl Tobias
Published: April 2016

Earwig wings are highly foldable structures that lack internal muscles. The behaviour and shape changes of the wings during flight are yet unknown. We assume that they meet a great structural challenge to control the occurring deformations and prevent the wing from collapsing. At the folding structures especially, the wing could easily yield to the pressure. Detailed microscopy studies reveal adaptions in the structure and material which are not relevant for folding purposes. The wing is parted into two structurally different areas with, for example, a different trend or stiffness of the wing veins. The storage of stiff or more flexible material shows critical areas which undergo great changes or stress during flight. We verified this with high-speed video recordings. These reveal the extent of the occurring deformations and their locations, and support our assumptions. The video recordings reveal a dynamical change of a concave flexion line. In the static unfolded state, this flexion line blocks a folding line, so that the wing stays unfolded. However, during flight it extends and blocks a second critical folding line and prevents the wing from collapsing. With these results, more insight in passive wing control, especially within high foldable structures, is gained.
Gastrointestinal stem cells in health and disease: from flies to humans
Authors: Li Hongjie , Jasper Heinrich
Published: April 2016

The gastrointestinal tract of complex metazoans is highly compartmentalized. It is lined by a series of specialized epithelia that are regenerated by specific populations of stem cells. To maintain tissue homeostasis, the proliferative activity of stem and/or progenitor cells has to be carefully controlled and coordinated with regionally distinct programs of differentiation. Metaplasias and dysplasias, precancerous lesions that commonly occur in the human gastrointestinal tract, are often associated with the aberrant proliferation and differentiation of stem and/or progenitor cells. The increasingly sophisticated characterization of stem cells in the gastrointestinal tract of mammals and of the fruit fly Drosophila has provided important new insights into these processes and into the mechanisms that drive epithelial dysfunction. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the establishment, maintenance and regulation of diverse intestinal stem cell lineages in the gastrointestinal tract of Drosophila and mice. We also discuss the field's current understanding of the pathogenesis of epithelial dysfunctions.
2-Hydrazinoquinoline: A Reactive Matrix for Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry to Detect Gaseous Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Shigeri Yasushi , Kamimura Takuya , Ando Masanori , Uegaki Koichi , Sato Hiroaki , Tani Fumito , Arakawa Ryuichi , Kinumi Tomoya
Published: April 2016

The sensitivity, range of applications, and reaction mechanism of 2-hydrazinoquinoline as a reactive matrix for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) were examined. Using a reaction chamber (125 L) equipped with a stirring fan and a window for moving the MALDI-MS plate and volatile samples in and out, the sensitivities of 2-hydrazinoquinoline to gaseous aldehydes (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, and n-butyraldehyde) and ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and methyl isobutyl ketone) were determined to be at least parts per million (ppm) levels. On the other hand, carboxylic acids (formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid) and esters (ethyl acetate, pentyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, and methyl salicylate) could not be detected by 2-hydrazinoquinoline in MALDI-MS. In addition to 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, a common derivatization reagent for analyzing carbonyl compounds quantitatively in gas chromatography and liquid chromatography, the dissolution of 2-hydrazinoquinoline in an acidic solution, such as trifluoroacetic acid, was essential for its function as a reactive matrix for MALDI-MS.
Detecting Bidders Groups in Collusive Auctions
Authors: Conley Timothy G. , Decarolis Francesco
Published: April 2016

We study entry and bidding in procurement auctions where contracts are awarded to the bid closest to a trimmed average bid. These auctions, common in public procurement, create incentives to coordinate bids to manipulate the bid distribution. We present statistical tests to detect coordinated entry and bidding choices. The tests perform well in a validation dataset where a court case makes coordination observable. We use the tests to detect coordination in a larger dataset where it is suspected, but not known. The results are used to interpret a major market shakeout following a switch to first price auctions. (JEL D44, D47, H57, R42)
The myofibroblast in wound healing and fibrosis: answered and unanswered questions
Authors: Bochaton-Piallat Marie-Luce , Gabbiani Giulio , Hinz Boris
Published: April 2016

The discovery of the myofibroblast has allowed definition of the cell responsible for wound contraction and for the development of fibrotic changes. This review summarizes the main features of the myofibroblast and the mechanisms of myofibroblast generation. Myofibroblasts originate from a variety of cells according to the organ and the type of lesion. The mechanisms of myofibroblast contraction, which appear clearly different to those of smooth muscle cell contraction, are described. Finally, we summarize the possible strategies in order to reduce myofibroblast activities and thus influence several pathologies, such as hypertrophic scars and organ fibrosis.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 2016: an update
Authors: Butt Warwick , MacLaren Graeme
Published: April 2016

The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an important issue for intensivists, critical care nurses, surgeons, cardiologists, and many others. There has been a continued increase in the number of centres performing ECMO. This review examines novel applications and recent trends in the use of ECMO over the last 2 years. These include ECMO to facilitate the safe use of other treatments, changing the timing of initiation, newer equipment and better biocompatibility, and the ability of ECMO programs to essentially choose which cluster of potential complications they are prepared to accept. ECMO continues to evolve, diversify in its applications, and improve in safety.
Using Websites and Social Networks by the Tourism Industry Subjects of the Republic of Crimea
Authors: Остапчук  , Ostapchuk Aleksey
Published: April 2016

The article considers the tourism industry subjects of the Republic of Crimea

such as sanatorium-and-spa institutions, hotels and tour operators. The use

of websites and social networks for marketing communication by these

organizations is analyzed.

Further was determined share of the enterprises what have own websites and

systems online booking related with websites. The author analyzed activity in use

of websites and social networks sanatoriums, hotels and tour operators. The

author identifies the most popular social networks for organizations of the tourism

industry Crimean Republic. It is shown of number subscribers to the pages in the

social networks of considered organizations.
Single Stage Aortic Arch Replacement without Circulatory Arrest
Authors: Marenchino Ricardo , Domenech Alberto
Published: April 2016

A 78-year-old man with a Kommerell diverticulum and aberrant right subclavian artery was admitted for thoracic pain and severe malnutrition due to esophageal compression. We performed an atypical surgical procedure including extra-anatomical debranching and direct aortic repair, trying to avoid deep hypothermic circulatory arrest and shorten the cardiopulmonary bypass time.
Advanced Glycation End Products and its Soluble Receptors in the Pathogenesis of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Prasad Kailash , Sarkar Abdullah , Zafar Mohammad , Shoker Ahmed , Moselhi Hamdi , Tranquilli Maryann , Ziganshin Bulat , Elefteriades John
Published: April 2016

Background:
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs). Cytokines [Interleukin (IL)-Iβ, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α)] increase the expression of MMP-2 and -3. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) interact with cell receptors to increase the release of cytokines. Circulating soluble receptors for AGEs (sRAGE) and endogenous secretory RAGE (esRAGE) compete with membrane bound RAGE for binding with AGEs and reduce the production of cytokines. It is hypothesized that low levels of serum sRAGE and esRAGE and high levels of AGEs, AGEs/sRAGE, and AGEs/esRAGE would increase the levels of cytokines that would increase the levels MMPs, thus contributing to the formation of TAAs.

Methods:
The study population was composed of 17 control subjects and 20 patients with TAA. Blood samples were collected for measurement of serum sRAGE, esRAGE, AGEs, cytokines, and MMPs. AGEs, sRAGE, and esRAGE were measured using ELISA kits, whereas the remaining parameters were measured using the Luminex Multi-Analyte system.

Results:
The levels of sRAGE were lower, while the levels of AGEs, AGEs/sRAGE, AGEs/esRAGE, cytokines and MMPs were higher in patients with TAA compared to controls. The levels of sRAGE were inversely correlated with cytokines and MMPs, while AGEs, AGEs/sRAGE and AGEs/esRAGE were positively correlated with cytokines and MMPs. Cytokines were positively correlated with MMPs.

Conclusions:
The data suggest that the AGE-RAGE axis may be involved in the pathogenesis of TAA and that low levels of sRAGE and high levels of AGEs, AGEs/sRAGE, and AGEs/esRAGE are risk factors for TAA.
Comparative Analysis of Primary Forest Products Export in the United States and China Using a Constant Market Share Model
Authors: Wu Jinzhuo , Wang Jingxin , Lin Wenshu
Published: April 2016

The export changes of primary forest products in the United States and China from 2005 through 2012 were compared, and a constant market share model was applied to analyze the impact factors on the export variations of the two countries. The results showed that the decline of import scale and structural changes of the target markets had a negative impact on the wood products export of the two countries. The export variations of primary forest products in the two countries were significantly different. While a small increase in the export of primary forest products was demonstrated in the United States, China's export increased significantly, especially to the major export markets. The change in competitiveness of forest products exports during this time period differed in these two countries. The competitiveness of forest products from the United States remained stable with slight variation; however, the forest products exported by China showed a strong increasing competitive trend.
A Novel Peptidomic Approach to Strain Typing of Clinical Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates Using Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Wang Honghui , Drake Steven K , Yong Chen , Gucek Marjan , Tropea Margaret , Rosenberg Avi Z , Dekker John P , Suffredini Anthony F
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUND

Acinetobacter baumannii is a common nosocomial pathogen and strain-typing methods play an important role in hospital outbreak investigations and epidemiologic surveillance. We describe a method for identifying strain-specific peptide markers based on LC-MS/MS profiling of digested peptides. This method classified a test set of A. baumannii isolates collected from a hospital outbreak with discriminatory performance exceeding that of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.

METHODS

Following the construction of a species “pan-peptidome” by in silico translation and digestion of whole genome sequences, a hypothetical set of genome-specific peptides for an isolate was constructed from the disjoint set of the pan-peptidome and the isolate's calculated peptidome. The genome-specific peptidome guided selection of highly expressed genome-specific peptides from LC-MS/MS experimental profiles as potential peptide markers. The species specificity of each experimentally identified genome-specific peptide was confirmed through a Unipept lowest common ancestor analysis.

RESULTS

Fifteen A. baumannii isolates were analyzed to derive a set of genome- and species-specific peptides that could be used as peptide markers. Identified peptides were cross-checked with protein BLAST against a set of 22 A. baumannii whole genome sequences. A subset of these peptide markers was confirmed to be present in the actual peptide profiles generated by multiple reaction monitoring and targeted LC-MS/MS. The experimentally identified peptides separated these isolates into 6 strains that agreed with multilocus sequence typing analysis performed on the same isolates.

CONCLUSIONS

This approach may be generalizable to other bacterial species, and the peptides may be useful for rapid MS strain tracking of isolates with broad application to infectious disease diagnosis.
SIGNIFICAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO E SEQUÊNCIA EXPANDIDA: UMA PROPOSTA CRIATIVA PARA TRABALHAR COM TEXTOS LITERÁRIOS
Authors: Bianchini Luciane Guimarães Batistella , De Arruda Renata Beloni , Figliolo Gustavo Javier
Published: April 2016

Um dos desafios no ensino de Literatura deve-se a falta de interesse dos alunos pela temática. Isto pode acontecer devido ao fato de muitos textos serem explorados desarticulados de um contexto, não possibilitando significação do conhecimento pelo aluno. Consideramos o letramento literário como uma possibilidade de ensino e aprendizagem das obras literárias, desde que se apoie em propostas que envolvam a interpretação autônoma (inferências) do aluno no processo que implica o conhecer. Nossa pesquisa é bibliográfica e visa analisar uma proposta de sequência expandida, como trabalho norteador do ensino de literatura. Para sua aplicação, elegemos uma obra literária a ser aplicada com alunos do ensino médio, em interlocuções com textos de diferentes gêneros. Concluímos que a proposta pode despertar o interesse dos alunos devido ao procedimento reflexivo e construtivo gradual promovido à medida que os alunos são convocados a relacionar-se ativamente com vários conhecimentos sobre a obra em questão. http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v26i3.3637
ANÁLISE DA PROPAGANDA “SALA DE ESPERA” USADA COMO RECURSO PERSUASIVO PARA O INCENTIVO À LEITURA
Authors: Maciel Eliane Nunes Silva , Nantes Eliza Adriana Sheuer
Published: April 2016

Nossa proposta é investigar a exploração da literatura infantojuvenil usada como recurso persuasivo para o incentivo à leitura no anúncio publicitário “Sala de Espera”, criado pela agência publicitária DPZ, a pedido da Fundação Itaú Social. Ancorados na pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória, com enfoque crítico-analítico, analisamos a construção desse texto publicitário, considerando a presença da cultura digital em sua constituição, no intuito de investigar as vozes presentes e os recursos utilizados para convencer o interlocutor a proceder à leitura dos diversos textos que compreendem o universo literário. Na busca pela construção dos sentidos, destacamos o uso do recurso da intertextualidade, o qual tece vários fios discursivos com a literatura infantojuvenil, via movimento dialógico de assimilação. O resultado apontou para a proficuidade de a literatura ser explorada via textos multimodais, em parte, devido à convergência de linguagens, fruto da junção de imagem, som e movimentos. http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v26i3.3680
A LITERATURA NA PERSPECTIVA DE PROFESSORES DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Rolim Anderson Teixeira , Sanfelici Aline De Mello
Published: April 2016

O presente artigo expõe o conceito de literatura de professores de Língua Portuguesa e Literatura dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental, interrogados por meio de questão discursiva em questionário. Procura compreender o valor da arte literária para os profissionais do ensino, através da comparação com os conceitos de literatura expressos pelos documentos da educação brasileira e com as perspectivas teóricas que caracterizam a formação acadêmica nos cursos de Letras. Conclui que, para os profissionais do ensino consultados, a arte literária tem valor fundamental na formação humana e é capaz de elevar-se sobre a linguagem cotidiana. Encerra afirmando o alinhamento dos conceitos apresentados como um facilitador para as iniciativas públicas para a formação de leitores no Brasil. Por fim, aponta para a necessidade de novas pesquisas que acordem as concepções e as práticas de docentes formadores de leitores. http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v26i3.3681
ALGUMAS NOTAS SOBRE DISCURSO OFICIAL PARA O PORTUGUÊS: AS METAS CURRICULARES E A EDUCAÇÃO LITERÁRIA
Authors: Costa Paulo Lampreia
Published: April 2016

A forma e o conteúdo específico dos textos prescritivos para uma dada disciplina escolar são significativas no plano ideológico. As flutuações nestes textos para a disciplina de Português, têm revelado a adoção de uma postura mais conservadora por parte da tutela, marcada por um elevado grau de especificação nas prescrições. Partiremos do caso particular da Educação Literária, um dos domínios em destaque nas Metas Curriculares de Português. Centrar-nos-emos, de modo particular, na componente referente ao 1º ciclo do Ensino Básico. Nesta reflexão, baseada na análise documental, visamos proceder à identificação de marcas que apontem para aquilo que consideramos como uma proposta de aparente promoção da educação literária e de aparente preocupação com o papel do professor. Em linha com o referencial teórico convocado, o documento evidencia, no plano prescritivo, um elevadíssimo grau de especificação, constituindo-se, potencialmente, como elemento constritor da margem de atuação docente.http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v26i3.3691
BREVE ENSAIO SOBRE LEITURA DE IMAGENS NA LITERATURA INFANTIL
Authors: Silveira Rosa Maria Hessel , Kirchof Edgar Roberto , Bonin Iara Tatiana
Published: April 2016

O artigo apresenta uma análise da leitura de imagens de um livro de literatura infantil cuja narrativa se constrói basicamente pela sequência de ilustrações, que incluem recursos das histórias em quadrinhos. O material empírico consiste de transcrição de 3 sessões de leitura conjunta por três grupos de alunos dos anos iniciais. O livro trabalhado foi “Tibi e Joca – uma aventura de dois mundos”, de autoria de Cláudia Bisol, ilustrações de Marco Cena, que foi apresentado de forma integral através de transparências, para que as crianças efetuassem sua interpretação da narrativa. A análise das intervenções das crianças de 3 escolas em contextos diferentes apontou distinções nas formas de leitura da obra, possivelmente devidas ao domínio diferenciado das convenções de linguagem das histórias em quadrinhos, assim como mostrou multiplicidade de sentidos que as imagens podem trazer. A base teórica foi buscada em estudos sobre leitura, literatura infantil e sobre história em quadrinhos. http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v26i3.3727
A PRÁTICA DA LEITURA LITERÁRIA NA ESCOLA: MEDIAÇÃO OU ENSINO?
Authors: Mota Rildo José Cosson
Published: April 2016

Tema do momento no campo pedagógico brasileiro, a mediação da leitura literária tem sido assimilada a práticas de lazer, fruição e deleite, destinando ao professor o papel de facilitador do acesso aos livros. Essas práticas também substituem o uso tradicional do texto literário como veículo de ensino da língua portuguesa, oferecendo outro espaço para a literatura na escola. Todavia, ainda que saudadas como a efetivação de uma antiga demanda dos estudiosos da área de letramento literário, isto é, o encontro fundamental do aluno com a obra, tais práticas terminam por recusar à escola a razão de sua existência, que é ser instituição de ensino. Frente a esse cenário aparentemente paradoxal e dicotômico, qual o lugar do professor em relação ao texto literário? Ensinar ou mediar a leitura literária? Esse estudo procura refletir sobre essas questões por meio de uma revisão de literatura e análise crítica do tema. http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v26i3.3735
ESTAÇÕES DE LEITURA, DISPOSITIVOS DE MEDIAÇÃO CULTURAL E A LUTA PELA PALAVRA
Authors: Perrotti Edmir
Published: April 2016

O texto trata de referências teórico-metodológicas para a constituição de Estações de Leitura, nomeação dada a dispositivos de mediação e apropriação da cultura letrada, resultantes de pesquisas em desenvolvimento na ECA/USP, há várias décadas, pelo autor e equipes transdisciplinares sob sua coordenação. Tomando por base a implantação concreta de mais de 150 espaços de leitura e cultura, em múltiplos contextos escolares e não-escolares, formais e não-formais, são apresentadas quatro distinções básicas que orientaram e vêm orientando esse processo teórico e prático de criação colaborativa entre universidade e “terreno”: ledores/leitores; espaço/ambientes de leitura; dispositivo monológico/dispositivo dialógico; transmissor/mediador cultural. O texto conclui pela importância essencial de distinções como essas na criação de ambientes de leitura destinados à formação de leitores, de sujeitos tomados como protagonistas nos quadros da cultura letrada. http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v26i3.3750
A FORMAÇÃO EM LITERATURA E A CONSTRUÇÃO DAS IDENTIDADES NEGRAS NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL I
Authors: Campos Wagner Ramos , Amarilha Marly
Published: April 2016

Estuda identificação de aprendizes do 3º ano do Ensino Fundamental I, de uma escola pública de Natal/RN-Brasil, com personagens ficcionais na leitura de literatura infantil negra. Investiga possibilidades de trabalho com obras desse tipo para a construção afirmativa das identidades, numa abordagem qualitativa com intervenção. O corpus centra-se em dois sujeitos que vivenciaram processos de identificação distintos: um por espelhamento e outro por afastamento do referente. Em 13 sessões de leitura foram lidas 6 obras de literatura infantil negra, brasileira e africana. A professora da turma recebeu formação e atuou como mediadora em atitude de andaimagem. Os resultados apontam para a possível diversidade de resposta dos aprendizes devido à complexidade do problema da identidade étnica, imerso em processos histórico-sociais e psicológicos que atualizam o racismo, o que representa grande desafio aos mediadores, que, por sua vez, têm na literatura campo promissor para seu enfrentamento. http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v26i3.3913
LITERATURA, LEITURA E FORMAÇÃO DO LEITOR EM DEBATE
Authors: Feba Berta Lúcia Tagliari , Zorzato Lucila Bassan
Published: April 2016

Resenha livre da obra AGUIAR, Vera Teixeira de; MARTHA, Alice Áurea Penteado. Literatura infantil e juvenil: leituras plurais. São Paulo: Cultura Acadêmica, 2014. 260 p. http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v26i3.3915
A LITERATURA PRODUZIDA EM LÍNGUA ESTRANGEIRA NO LIVRO DIDÁTICO E O LEITOR JUVENIL
Authors: Dalvi Maria Amélia , Ferreira Daiane Francis Fernandes , Da Silva Josineia Sousa
Published: April 2016

Este trabalho apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa, interpretativa e bibliográfico-documental. A pesquisa dialogou com a perspectiva teórico-metodológica histórico-cultural. Visou a compreender a relação de alunos do Ensino Médio com a presença de textos literários de origem estrangeira em seu livro didático de Língua Portuguesa. A questão central concerne a quais sejam opiniões e práticas dos alunos a partir dos textos literários de origem estrangeira no livro didático de Ensino Médio. Particularmente, teve como objetivo identificar a percepção dos alunos quanto à presença da literatura estrangeira no livro didático, e a sua possível influência em hábitos, opiniões ou estímulos, como o desejo de aprender outro idioma, cultura ou costume. Para isso, aplicou-se um questionário para todas as séries do Ensino Médio de três escolas públicas de diferentes cidades da Grande Vitória (ES, Brasil). Os resultados apontam a indisponibilidade e a ausência de interesse dos estudantes de pesquisar sobre a literatura estrangeira fora do contexto escolar. http://dx.doi.org/10.14572/nuances.v26i3.3918
The keyword search method and its importance in computer forensics
Adli bilişimde anahtar kelime araması metodu ve önemi
Authors: Çakır Huseyin , Kılıç Mehmet Serkan
Published: April 2016

In this study “keyword search method” used in the filed of digital forensics sciences is investigated. Similar to using search engines on internet investigations, using keyword search method of computer forensics investigations has too much benefits. In the study, keyword search method loop of preparing of electronic data, indexing, query with keywords, matching on database and showing results to the users are explained. Also information of keyword search method on different data type such as forensic image data, live forensics data, static data and cloud computing data are discussed.The importance of using keyword search method on computer forensics is examined in 5 different aspect as rapid and effective computer forensics investigations, contribution to privacy, relational analysis of human-event-computing device, creating dictionary for decrypt passwords and recover some deleted data and detect steganography data. In this context, all-round about using keyword searches’ contribution to computer forensics investigation are evaluated. Finally, some examples about computer forensics tools are handled. ÖzetBu çalışmada,  adli bilişim biliminde kullanılan “anahtar kelime araması metodu” incelenmiştir. İnternet araştırmalarında yaygın olarak kullanılan arama motorlarına benzer şekilde adli bilişim çalışmalarında da anahtar kelime araması metodu kullanılmasının çok faydası bulunmaktadır. Çalışmada; elektronik verilerin hazırlanması, verilerin indekslenmesi, anahtar kelimeler sorgusu, veri tabanı üzerinde eşleştirme yapılması ve kullanıcıya sonuçlarının gösterilmesi şeklinde oluşan anahtar kelime araması metodu açıklanmış ve adli kopya verileri, canlı sistem verileri, sabit veriler ve bulut bilişim verileri üzerinde anahtar kelime araması hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.Adli bilişim çalışmaları sürecinde anahtar kelime araması metodunun kullanımının önemi; hızlı ve etkili bir adli bilişim çalışması yapılması, özel hayatın gizliliğine katkı sağlaması, şahıs-olay-bilgisayar medyası arasında ilişki analizi kurulması, sözlük oluşturulması ve şifre tespiti ile silinmiş ve gizlenmiş verilerin tespiti olmak üzere 5 farklı açıdan irdelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda anahtar kelime araması metodunun elektronik delil elde etme çalışmalarına sağlayacağı katkı çok yönlü olarak ele alınmış ayrıca adli bilişim yazılımları özelinde örnekler verilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Perception of the profession of provincial administration executives in the 21. century
21. yüzyılda mülki idare amirlerinin mülki idare algısı
Authors: Çapar Selim , Yıldırım Şükrü
Published: April 2016

The territorial administration of Turkey is based on provincial administrative system. Within this system, governors in the provinces and sub-governors in the districts are essentially, the representative of the central government in those respective administrative units. They are responsible for public services of mainly carried out by central government in the country such as community safety, education, agriculture, public health, tourism. Their profession has a long historical background in Turkey. In this aspect, their functions and roles have strategic importance in the administrative system. That is why, they have specific in service training period at the beginning of the profession. On the other hand, the changes to the public administration understanding in the world wide have impact on the Turkish Public Administration in functional and organizational aspects of. The study focuses on the perception of the governors and sub-governors, especially over their profession and its changes in the last decades. Regarding the preferences of the executives, they consider the most significant part of their profession was the provision of the public security services. ÖzetTürkiye’de ülke topraklarının yönetimi, mülki idare sistemine dayanmaktadır. Devletin taşradaki temsilcileri konumunda bulunan mülki idare amirleri esas itibarıyla ilde vali, ilçede kaymakam olarak görev yapmaktadır. Mülki idare amirleri, temel olarak merkezi idarenin yürüttüğü toplumsal güvenlik, eğitim, tarım, kamu sağlığı, turizm gibi kamu hizmetlerinin yürütülmesinden sorumludurlar. Bu mesleğin, Türkiye’de köklü bir tarihsel geçmişi bulunmaktadır. Bu bakış açısından, bu meslek mensuplarının işlevleri ve rollerinin idare sistemi içinde stratejik bir önemi vardır. Bu sebeple, mesleğin başında özel bir hizmet içi eğitim sürecinden geçirilirler. Öte yandan,  dünya genelinde kamu yönetimi anlayışında meydana gelen değişimler, mülki idare sistemini de örgütlenme ve işlevsel açılarından etkilemektedir. Bu çalışma, son dönemde mülki idare amirlerinin meslek ile ilgili, özellikle mesleğin işlevleri ile ilgili algılarını ve bu algılardaki değişim üzerine odaklanmaktadır. Mülki idare amirlerinin tercihleri, onların mesleklerinin en önemli tarafı olarak toplumsal güvenliğin sağlanmasını gördükleri anlaşılmaktadır.