bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Animism of Belief: How to Merge With Others
Authors: Bracken Christopher
Published: February 2022

Graham Harvey says the new animism is about behaving respectfully toward other persons, 'not all of them human'. The old animism was defined as the 'belief in spirits'. But what if belief itself is an animism, not an animism of spirts, but an animism of forces? In his animist writings,
Freud put 'special emphasis' on the 'magical powers' of discourse, stressing the 'uncanny effect' that occurs 'when a symbol takes on the full function and significance of what it symbolises'. A century later, the magic of discourse offers a solution to the impasses of affect theory. Sasha
Newell observes that affect is typically assumed to exceed 'social control,' while signs are associated with closure, fixation, and death. He counters that it is the 'semiotic transmission of affect' that allows the social 'to permeate' consciousness without 'conscious awareness'. The old
animism of belief recurs as a new animism of discursive forces. The strife between semiotics and affect theory revives an aesthetic tradition that grows out of Aristotle's fragment on epic, which affirms that belief is itself a power or intensity. David Hume described it as vivacity. The trick
for conjuring this animating force is enargeia, the trope of vivid description. Edmund Burke linked enargeia to the astonishment that evokes delightful horror; Lucien Lévy-Bruhl racialised it and renamed it the affective category of the supernatural. For it is always the (racialised)
other who believes. Today the question is whether the affectiveness of symbols can be redeemed from this colonial legacy.
Hybrid Animism: The Sensing Surfaces Of Planetary Computation
Authors: Marenko Betti
Published: February 2022

This article proposes to examine animism through the perspective provided by a notion of immanent matter drawn on process philosophy (Spinoza, Deleuze and Guattari), and quantum physics (Bohm, Rovelli). It then deploys this perspective to illuminate how planetary computation - the impact
of digital media technologies on a planetary scale - is rewiring the cognitive, affective, perceptual capacities of the human. The article puts forward the notion of hybrid animism, as a speculative and imaginative philosophical fiction ('philoso-fiction') to grasp planetary computation
as a sensorial pan-affective event, and to account for the hybrid techno-digital ecologies humans already inhabit, characterised by ongoing modulation, sensorial intensification and pervasive distribution of computational matter across a plethora of screens, surfaces and surroundings. The
value of this proposition, the article explains, is to eschew dominant techno-deterministic narratives: not only techno-euphoria and techno-dystopia, but also the notion of technology as enchantment, with its in-built mystification. By deploying the philoso-fiction of hybrid animism and the
un-mediated intuitive sensorial grasp it fosters, planetary computation can begin to be immediately perceived as the expression of new modes of co-habitation and co-evolution of the human and the nonhuman. Finally, the article brings together the nonhuman mutating surfaces of digital matter
with cephalopods' skins to vividly and speculatively illustrate hybrid animism as a thought experiment of sorts.
From the Analysis of Animism to The Practice of Animacy As Politics
Authors: West-Pavlov Russell
Published: February 2022

This article takes cognisance of the growing awareness of the ineluctable connectedness of planetary existence, contrasting this with a persistent tendency to reflect upon political agency in ways that separate the non-human world out from human political actors. How can we overcome
this persistent separatism? The article turns to contemporary animist thought to seek a solution to this dilemma. The article begins by acknowledging the difficulty of the problem, demonstrating how, paradoxically, separatist thought contaminates even the very impulse to integrate animism
into a politicised version of the humanities. It then seeks resolutions of such powerful containments of animist thought by proposing a number of tentative resolutions of the aporia that dog the task of developing a more inclusive politics from the respective fields of the new materialism,
vitalism or animism.
Les effets ambivalents des héritages dans la reconversion des anciens territoires nucléaires
Authors: Ravaz Belinda , Meyer Teva , Bombenger Pierre-Henri , Martin Brice , Capezzali Massimiliano
Published: February 2022

À travers le monde, 165 réacteurs sont à l’arrêt définitif et plus d’une centaine d’entre eux devraient arriver en fin de vie dans les prochaines années. De nombreux articles axés sur les aspects socioéconomiques de la fermeture des sites nucléaires ont souligné l’opposition suscitée par la disparition des centrales nucléaires. Toutefois, peu de recherches se sont intéressées à la question de leur reconversion territoriale. Cet article questionne les effets des héritages territoriaux à la lumière des dynamiques de reconversion de deux centrales nucléaires : Brunsbüttel en Allemagne et Barsebäck en Suède. La fermeture et la reconversion de la centrale allemande semblent avoir généré peu de débats socio-territoriaux à l’échelle locale. Au contraire, la centrale suédoise suscite de nombreuses revendications sociopolitiques et des controverses quant à sa reconversion. La comparaison des trajectoires territoriales ces deux centrales nucléaires foncièrement différentes permet ainsi d’enrichir la discussion sur les facteurs qui influencent les trajectoires postnucléaires des territoires.
Tocilizumab for COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Boppana Tarun Krishna , Mittal Saurabh , Madan Karan , Mohan Anant , Hadda Vijay , Guleria Randeep
Published: February 2022

The effective treatment modalities for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are needed. As the primary cause of mortality is a hyperinflammatory state, the interleukin-6 antagonist tocilizumab has been used in multiple clinical studies. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the effectiveness of tocilizumab in reduction of mortality due to COVID-19. A systematic search of the Pubmed and Embase databases was performed to extract randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the use of tocilizumab therapy for COVID-19. An overall pooled mortality analysis was performed, and odds ratios were reported. Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. Nine RCTs, including 6489 patients, were selected for meta-analysis. Seven trials reported 28-day mortality, and one trial each reported 21-day and 30-day mortality. There were 846 deaths among 3358 participants in the steroid group while 943 deaths among 3131 patients randomized to the control group (random-effects odds ratio 0.87, 95% confidence interval 0.73-1.03, p=0.11). There was some heterogeneity among the trials as the I2 value was 15%, with a p-value of 0.31. There was a reduction in the need for ICU admission in the tocilizumab group. A higher risk of secondary infections was noted in the tocilizumab group (fixed-effects odds ratio 0.72, 95% confidence interval 0.55-0.95, p=0.02). This meta-analysis of RCTs demonstrated that the use of tocilizumab was not associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19 and had higher odds of secondary infections.
Saving a seat at the table for community members: co-creating an attachment-based intervention for low-income Latin parent-youth dyads using a promotor/a model
Authors: Borelli Jessica L. , Russo Lyric N. , Arreola Jose , Cervantes Breana R. , Marquez Christina M. , Montiel Gloria , Avalos Vanessa , Carballo Jacqueline , Garcia Jackie , Bhatt Isha , Torres Gina , Leal Francisca , Guerra Nancy
Published: February 2022

Evidence for the effectiveness of attachment-based interventions in improving youth’s socioemotional health increases each year, yet potential for scalability of existing programs is limited. Available programs may have lower acceptability within low-income immigrant communities. Co-designing and implementing interventions with trained community workers (Promotors) offers an appealing solution to multiple challenges, but community workers must have high investment in the program for this to be a workable solution. This study examines the experiences of promotors involved in the co-creation and delivery of an attachmentbased intervention program for low-income Latinx youth (ages 8 to 17) and their mothers. Promotors (N=8) completed surveys, reporting on the experiences of each therapy group in terms of group dynamic (e.g., promotors’ connectedness to each group, perceived program relevance). Following the completion of the intervention study, promotors participated in interviews in which they described their experiences in co-creating the intervention, delivering the intervention to the community, and their recommendations for improving the intervention. Overall, promotors perceived group dynamics as positive, though the mother groups were evaluated as significantly higher in quality (e.g., lower conflict) than the youth groups. Interviews revealed that promotors enjoyed the cocreation process and identified important areas for improvements for the intervention (incorporation of more visuals, creation of agelimited groups, reducing number of youth sessions) and evaluation (reduction in length, modification of language). Integrating input from promotors in the process of co-creating and implementing an intervention can benefit every member of the community from the program participants to the providers themselves.
A quality improvement project
Authors: Kyriakides Jonathon , Khamar Rahul , Khani Aria , Khatkar Harman
Published: February 2022

Background:

Inappropriate completion of abdominal radiographs results in unnecessary exposure to ionizing radiation. This quality improvement project aimed to reduce the number of inappropriate abdominal radiographs performed in the emergency department.

Materials and methods:

Abdominal radiograph request forms were analyzed with reference to the Royal College of Radiologists (RCR) iRefer guidance. A teaching session was then delivered to ED clinicians and posters were disseminated within the department. Post-intervention data collection followed.

Results:

Following the intervention, there was an increase in the proportion of abdominal radiographs meeting iRefer guidance, which was accompanied by an increased diagnostic yield of these investigations. There was a reduction in the number of requests post-intervention.

Conclusions:

Our interventions helped increase awareness of both the guidelines and radiation dose associated with each study. Routine education of the iRefer guidelines will help reduce inappropriate requests. This in turn will reduce unnecessary radiation exposure, whilst also reducing the financial burden.
Fire incidents in Bed-head panels
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Sharma Raman , Jalaunia Rahul , Aggarwal Sameer , Kumar Rajesh
Published: February 2022

Disaster incidents leading to massive obliterations often bring to the forefront the inadequacies of the systems, infrastructure as well as personages. In healthcare settings, these imperfections are usually exhibited specifically during fire disasters. This case report details a true fire incident that erupted in a patient bed-head panel of an emergency complex room and describes the real-life challenges encountered by the emergency staff in preserving both life and property. Bed-head units encompass both electrical and medical gases: a structural component quite common in modern hospitals. Precautionary measures should be implemented to mitigate such incidents, as well as specific attention, should be made during the designing and installation of these bed-head panels. Better coordination, scheduled training, and fire drills can improve the overall outcomes and minimize the possibility of these potentially fatal problems, thereby, making a safer healthcare environment for every worker and patient.
Predictors of COVID-19 positivity among patients presenting to screening clinic in a dedicated COVID-19 hospital, in chandigarh, India - A cross-sectional study
Authors: Persis Jenefa , Kiran Tanvi , Goel Kapil , Rana Kirtan , Mohindra Ritin , Padhi Bijaya Kumar
Published: February 2022

Background:

The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical features of patients attending the screening clinic of a dedicated COVID-19 hospital (DCH), including COVID-19 RT-PCR test positivity rate, symptom predictors for COVID-19 positivity, the proportion of recovery, and the mortality among COVID-19 positive cases.

Methods:

We conducted a cross-sectional study of the patients who reported in the screening clinic of a DCH. Data were retrieved from medical records. Step-wise binary logistic regression was applied to determine the symptom predictors for determining the likelihood of the suspects turning out to be COVID-19 positive.

Results:

A total of 573 patients reported to the screening clinic were enrolled, and their median age was 36 ± 14 years. Of the total patients, 237 (41%) were females and 112 (20%) patients were COVID-19 suspects. Fifty (45%) suspects tested COVID-19 positive. The majority of the positives had complaints of cough, fever, and sore throat. Running nose (OR = 7.951) and history of contact with a COVID-19-positive case (OR = 169.9) were found to be statistically significant symptom predictors for COVID-19 positivity. All patients recovered with nil case fatality.

Conclusion:

Running nose and history of contact with COVID-positive patients were significant predictors for COVID-19 positivity. In this pandemic state, patients who present with any of the upper respiratory infection (URI) symptoms such as cough, sore throat, running nose, headache, and loss of taste/smell should be tested for COVID-19 for early identification and isolation to break the chain of transmission. The public should be encouraged to undergo COVID-19 testing if they develop any of the URI symptoms.
Endothelial dysfunction assessed by brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation predicts severe COVID-19-related disease
Authors: Walia Rohit , Arunachalam Venkat Subaih , Chauhan Udit , Khapre Meenakshi , Arora Poonam
Published: February 2022

Background:

Endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and hypercoagulability are hallmarks of severe COVID-19 related disease. Endothelial function can be measured non-invasively by flow-mediated dilatation in the brachial artery. We planned a study to measure it as a marker of the severity of COVID-19 disease.

Objective:

To evaluate the association of clinically recognizable endothelial dysfunction in COVID-19 disease and its usefulness as a marker of severe COVID-19-related disease.

Methods:

20 COVID-19 patients being admitted to our unit were analyzed for endothelial dysfunction and correlated with disease severity as per computed tomography (CT) chest score. Patients with diabetes, atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, dyslipidemia, chronic renal disease, and infections other than COVID-19 were excluded. Endothelial dysfunction was measured by flow-mediated dilatation in the brachial artery.

Results:

The mean age was 46.4 ± 16.5 years; 70% were males. The mean CT severity score was 22 ± 8; 60% required supplemental oxygen and steroids. The incidence of endothelial dysfunction was more in patients with a computed tomography severity score of >19.5 or oxygen saturation of <93% at room air as compared to mild cases (P = 0.003). Endothelial dysfunction was more evident >7 days after onset of disease as compared to early (<7 days) disease (P = 0.016). There was negative correlation between % flow-mediated dilatation in brachial artery and severity of lung involvement and prolonged symptomatic phase.

Conclusions:

Endothelial dysfunction as measured by impaired brachial artery flow mediated dilatation correlates with disease severity.
Safety profile and adverse effects of use of olanzapine in pregnancy
Authors: Sahoo Manoj K. , Biswas Harshita , Singh Vinita
Published: February 2022

Women with schizophrenia have a high risk for symptom exacerbation or relapse during pregnancy and thereafter. Relapses are more frequent when antipsychotics are discontinued. Continuation of antipsychotic during pregnancy has become common and olanzapine is commonly prescribed antipsychotic. It is very important to know the safety profile of olanzapine in Indian settings. Aim of our paper is to report two cases of olanzapine use pregnancy, discuss its safety profile, and adverse effects on mother and foetus. In both of our cases, olanzapine was continued throughout pregnancy and the patients remain clinically stable as per psychiatric symptoms. In case 1 whole antinatal and perinatal period was normal except patient has oligohydramnios and low birthweight baby and in case 2 she had oligohydramnios and large baby. Our cases add to the safely data of use of olanzapine in pregnancy, particularly in Indian settings. While conclusive elucidation still awaits more such reports from India and well-controlled studies.
Overactive bladder symptom score – translation and linguistic validation in Bengali
Authors: Pal Manidip , Bandyopadhyay Soma , Roy Anikpati
Published: February 2022

Aims:

Overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS) in English consists of four questionnaires. We proposed to make Bengali version and linguistic validation.

Settings:

Online survey.

Materials and Methods:

The translation and linguistic validation was done in the following manner: forward Bengali translation, backward English translation, preparation of online version, online survey, cognitive debriefing and preparation of final version. Backward translation was done by a person proficient in Bengali and English who had never seen the English version.

Results:

Forward Bengali translation from the English version of OABSS was made. Next backward translation was done. Question number 1 and 2 backward translation was in congruent at the first attempt. But question number 3 and 4 backward translation needed multiple time correction to come to congruence. After agreement of corrected version an online version was created. In the online version along with particulars of the participants, exclusion criteria, OAB diagnostic criteria, category of OAB depending on OABSS score were added. Then this online version was sent for online survey to Bengali-speaking persons (https://forms.gle/qEo8GuXSgxyULoaX9). Fifty-nine persons (43 male, 16 female) participated. Participants were from all-over India, covering many types of occupation. Overall prevalence of OAB was 15.5% and among male 6.9% and female 8.6%. No participants had any difficulty in understanding the questionnaires in congruence; only two persons were unable to understand the category of OAB as per OABSS.

Conclusion:

OABSS Bengali version is well understood in congruence and linguistically validated. Further studies would assess the reproducibility and accuracy of the questionnaire in Bengali populations.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG status among frontline health workers involved in COVID-19 survey at Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
Authors: Jain Vidhi , Khan Salman , Ramankutty Neetha T. , Vishwakarma Kirti , Goel Akhil D. , Saurabh Suman , Bhardwaj Pankaj , Gupta Manoj K. , Dara Sanjeeta , Kumar Ashok , Sharma Praveen , Nag Vijaya Lakshmi , Misra Sanjeev
Published: February 2022

Background:

Asymptomatic carriers are responsible for the consistent spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the community. The Government of India has deputed house-to-house survey teams to aid in identifying asymptomatic individuals and their susceptible contacts. We selected door-to-door survey teams of a COVID-19 red zone in western India and determined their infectioncontrol practices and anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunoglobin G (IgG) status.

Materials and Methods:

This single-day prospective cross-sectional study was conducted by the Department of Microbiology of a tertiary care hospital of Jodhpur, in collaboration with the Rajasthan State Health Services. Participants were asked to fill out a questionnaire regarding personal protective equipment (PPE) use after written informed consent. Venous blood samples were collected and Kavach enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (J Mitra and Co.) was performed to determine anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG status.

Results:

Out of the total 39 participants, IgG antibody was detected in four. Of them, three reported mild symptoms in the past. Out of two previously real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) SARS-CoV-2-positive participants, only one had detectable IgG antibodies (Ab) in serum. Cloth mask was used by 24, N95 mask by 11, and surgical masks by four.

Conclusion:

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG Abs were detected among four members of house-to-house COVID-19 survey teams in Jodhpur. Most of the team members used cloth masks, whereas the Government of India guidelines has recommended triple-layered surgical masks as minimum essential PPE for healthcare workers in India. More such studies should be conducted to ascertain infection prevention and control practices among such vulnerable frontline workers in our country.
Perception of healthcare workers towards ethical aspects of responsiveness of COVID 19 outbreak
Authors: Singh Sukhbir , Govindagoudar Manjunath B. , Chaudhry Dhruva , Singh Pawan K. , Vashist Madan G. , Chandra Hem
Published: February 2022

Introduction:

COVID-19 has spread all over the world and most of the countries are still grappled with the Pandemic. Health-care-workers (HCWs) being the frontlines during such pandemics have different beliefs and faiths with regards to ethical aspects of preparations.

Methodology:

In order to study the perception of HCW about ethical aspects of COVID-19, a cross-sectional study was done in a tertiary-care-teaching hospital. A pretested questionnaire was circulated among the participants on a digital platform.

Results:

The HCWs were divided over many statements, like if COVID-19 was more hype than reality (45.77% disagreed and 43.25% agreed). 57.44% of participants either agreed or strongly agreed that the treatment of non-COVID-19 cases suffered due to arrangements made for COVID-19 cases. When the responses received against individual statements were compared with various other socio-demographic variables as a denominator, various interesting results were revealed. There was a significant difference of opinion among the participating HCWs (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Differences of the opinions had their relationships to demographic characteristics of the subjects as well as related to perceived knowledge of COVID-19.
From rapid antigen testing for COVID-19 to final outcome
Authors: Chaudhary Anurag , Gupta Vikram Kumar , Singh Surinderpal , Bansal Priya , Satija Mahesh , Sharma Pranjl , Sharma Sarit , Girdhar Sangeeta , Kaur Prabhleen , Bansal Aman , Kashyap Heema
Published: February 2022

Context:

The ongoing corona pandemic has created medical crises all over the world. An increased surge in the number of COVID-19 cases was observed in the month of August, September and October 2020. Punjab has around 10 Lakh migrant workers. Intensive rapid antigen testing was done during this surge among factory workers. With this background, the study aims to find out the positivity rate of rapid antigen testing and to find out the final outcome of the COVID positive cases in terms of morbidity.

Materials and methods:

Screening of factory workers working in various factories was done for COVID-19 by rapid antigen testing from 26th august to 31st October 2020. Those who tested positive were clinically examined, counseled, and followed up telephonically to get information regarding their course of illness. The collected information was entered in Microsoft excel sheet and analyzed using SPSS.

Results:

A total of 11045 factory workers were screened using the rapid antigen test. The mean age of subjects was 33.37 ± 10.97 years. The majority of them were males (88.3%) and migrants (who did not belong to Punjab) (97.3%). The majority of the subjects (97.3%) had no symptoms at the time of screening. COVID-19 positivity rate increased with age, was found to be higher in males (2.3%) as compared to females.

Conclusion:

The positivity rate was higher in asymptomatic males and local resident workers. Rapid antigen testing is an important public health measure to prevent the further spread of the disease during a pandemic due to its quick results and detection of asymptomatic patients.
Effectiveness of diabetes self-care education at primary health care centres in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Elfakki Fakhralddin Abbas Mohammed , Elnimeiri Mustafa Khidir , Assil Sami Mahmoud , Frah Ehab Ahmed , Abdalla Nada Hassan Ibrahim
Published: February 2022

Objective:

The present trial aimed to assess the effectiveness of the structured Information, Education, and Communication provided by trained health educators at primary care on the mean body mass index, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, and the level of blood pressure, among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Research Methods:

This was a 12-month pragmatic clustered randomized trial where 180 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled in 2020. Five primary health care centres were randomly allocated to either the intervention or control arm.

Results:

There was a comparable significant reduction in the mean scores of waist circumference among participants in the intervention versus control arm over 12 months: I =108.7:C = 85.8 cm (P value = 0.001), I = 109.2:C = 86.02 cm (P value = 0.001), and I = 105.6:C = 87.2 cm (P value = 0.001) in the first, sixth, and twelfth months, respectively. A significant reduction in the mean scores of body mass index in the intervention versus control arm only in the first month: I =31.7:C = 26.5 cm (P value = 0.001). However, there was a comparable significant reduction in the mean scores of fasting blood glucose in the intervention versus control arm over 12 months: I =2016.5:C = 185.3 mmol/l (P value = 0.011), I = 207.4:C = 168.04 mmol/l (P value = 0.002), and I = 2012.7:C = 158.6 mmol/l (P value = 0.001) in the first, sixth, and twelfth months, respectively.

Conclusions:

The delivery of structured diabetes self-care education for diabetics by trained health educators at primary health care has a beneficiary effect on reducing the mean body mass index, waist circumference, and blood glucose. Similarly, it decreases high blood pressure.
Simply Supported Polygon Plate Frequencies using Classical and Shear Deformation Theories
Authors: Deepak S.A. , Rajesh A.S. , Dushyanthkumar G.L. , Sudheer K.K.
Published: February 2022

In this paper, the frequency equation relationship between classical plate theory and a third order single variable plate theory is derived. The third order single variable plate theory used herein is considerably simpler in the class of higher order plate theories. The theory uses a single variable to formulate the plates. The theory is governed by only one differential equation. As the formulation involves a single unknown function, plate analysis using this theory goes almost in the similar lines of classical plate theory. Hence, the complexity associated with plate analysis is considerably less compared to other higher order plate theories. This paper focuses on obtaining the frequency equation relationship between the third order single variable plate theory used herein and the classical plate theory. The relationships between the third order plate theory and classical plate theory frequency equations are derived. Using the derived equations, the frequencies have been calculated for the case of regular polygon plates with simply supported edge conditions. Frequencies calculated herein are compared with other shear deformation plate theory frequencies. The obtained plate frequency results are in good agreement and are accurate.
Experimental Studies on Outer Race Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Element Bearings
Authors: Shivanna D.M. , Kulkarni Sadananda S.
Published: February 2022

Rolling element bearing condition monitoring and fault diagnosis can predict the condition of bearing and its components such as outer race, inner race, rolling elements and cage at any given instant. Online condition monitoring is more advanced and preferred over conventional methods. Advanced signal processing techniques and statistical analysis techniques aid in the component level fault prediction, its severity, interaction of different defect frequencies and remaining life of the component in a given system. However, the basic concept in most of the techniques is vibration data acquisition and identification of amplitude of vibration at defect frequencies. In this paper, the basic concepts of bearing defect frequencies are discussed and shown experimentally the presence of these frequencies. In experimentation 50mm diameter bearings with different faults are mounted on a simple test rig and vibration data is acquired under different loads at 2500 rpm. A simple frequency domain has been carried out to identify the defect.
Compression and Operating Parameters Effect on the Performance of the PEM Fuel Cell - An Experimental Investigation
Authors: Savithiri V. , Geethan K. Arun Vasantha , Rengarajan Sathish , Rao V. Seshagiri , Ravichandran P.
Published: February 2022

The effects of the compression of MEA and the ambience in which they act, pertains to the performance in terms of temperature, relative moisture content of the reactants and their subsequent flow rates were subjected to an inquisitive analysis through a series of experiments. The fuel cell subjected to the experimentation, had a membrane in the single cell, and also houses an electrode assembly, occupying the active space of about 25 cm2 with Nafion® 212CS membrane. The compression effects of MEA were studied with three different gasket thicknesses with the same torque. The outcome of the investigation done experimentally advocates that compression effect plays an important role only with high relative humidity. The results also reveal the role played by the significant factors in temperature and the relative humidity takes utmost significance in the performance of the fuel cell.
Fatigue Analysis of a Forged Medium Carbon Low Alloy Steel Quenched in a Polymer for Vehicle Structures Applications
Authors: Ramesha C.M. , Rajendra P. , Anilkumar T. , Nagaral Madeva , Auradi V.
Published: February 2022

The fatigue properties of medium carbon low alloy forged Steels (EN 18, EN19, EN 24 and EN25) for untreated (forged) and polymer quenched samples are investigated. A dissolving temperature of 855ºC with a soaking period of 60 minutes followed by step tempering of 575ºC and 220ºC was used for the heat treatment. Thereafter quenching was performed in a polymer (polyethylene glycol 10% and 30%) separately. Fatigue tests were performed on both untreated and polymer quenched samples. The polymer quenched samples outperform the untreated samples. The fatigue analysis has been carried out using ANSYS and substantiated by the experimental results for the polymer quenched samples loaded to 30% of UTS. The heat-treated specimens had a fine-tempered martensite structure with a trace of ferrite, which enhances the toughness characteristics required for vehicles structures applications.
Effect of Weld Configuration on Structural Strength of Submerged Arc Welding
Authors: Rajshekhar B.A. , Ramakrishna H.V. , Gadwal Sudershan B. , Musalammagri Nagabhushana
Published: February 2022

Submerged arc welding (SAW) is a popular method of joining the metals. It gives greater protection to the welds from contamination from the external oxidation which is the main source for weakness of the weld. Also weld quality can be better controlled in the SAW by the control of weld speed, current, voltage and filler rod dimensions. But the weld formation on the parent metal is the key factor in generating the residual stress along with fatigue life of the joint. The proper insight of effect of weld formation in the joint is essential for better weld strength designs for longer life. Any weakness in the joint is the potential source for failure. The advent of finite element based numerical software, one can easily estimate the strength of joint using virtual simulation methods. In this work, the preparation and weld configuration effect on the residual stress formation due to SAW is carried out.
Turbulent Flow in Forced Convection Heat Transfer - Numerical Validation
Authors: Santhosh N. , Harish H.V. , Sunil G.S. , Manjunath N. , Manjunath K. , Gowda Ashwin C. , Huddar Vivekanand B.
Published: February 2022

Forced convective heat transfer of airflow through circular pipe with constant heat input and different free stream velocities is numerically validated. The significance of the present work is that the suction flow has been employed in the forced convection set up domain kept in the wind tunnel. From first law of thermodynamics and applying the energy balance equation, experimental heat transfer coefficient is determined. Further correlations are used to validate the experimental results. Although correlations provide reasonable estimates from the point of feasibility and accuracy, computational methods are used to estimate the convective heat transfer coefficient. Hence in this paper experimental, theoretical and computational analysis is carried out. The results reveal that the numerical validation is an effective tool from the point of feasibility and accuracy to determine the convective heat transfer coefficient.
Enhancement of Heat Transfer in a Concentric Tube Counter Flow Heat Exchanger using CuO Nanofluids
Authors: Nigam Ishi , Anjaneya G. , Manjunatha C. , Srinivas M.R.
Published: February 2022

Engineers and Scientists have always tried to increase the rate of heat transfer. The most commonly used base fluids do not provide a very high rate of heat transfer. This research work aims to investigate the enhancement of heat transfer rate in a concentric type (double pipe) counter flow heat exchanger using CuO nanofluids at different volume concentrations (0.01%, 0.05% and 0.1%). The experiments conducted on nanofluids showed that, at 0.1% volume concentration of nanofluid at 2.5 LPM, the heat transfer rate, Reynolds’s number and effectiveness were increased by 16.25%, 15.52% and 2.88% respectively compared to base fluid without nano-particles. Hence it was concluded that, CuO nanofluid is having a great potential to be used as a better heat transfer fluid in heat exchangers.
Experimental Investigation of Friction and Wear Behavior of AL7075-TiO2-B4C using RSM, ANN and Desirability Function
Authors: Ganesh M. , Arunkumar N. , Elavarasan K. , Sathish R.
Published: February 2022

Metal Matrix Composites (MMC) are widely used in high strength and light weight applications. AL7075 featuring high fatigue strength, good corrosion and wear resistance makes it to employ as a good vehicle building material and also finds it usage in some important engine components which are subjected to constant wear. In this study, dry sliding wear behaviour of hybrid MMC formed by reinforcement of aluminium 7075 with B4C and TiO2 at 3% and 3% weight fraction respectively is investigated. Reinforced particles are powdered using ball mill, reduced to nano size and uniformly dispersed in aluminium matrix using stir casting method. Specimen was prepared according to ASTM standards and wear tests were conducted. Experiments were conducted with keeping force, speed and distance as input parameters while Coefficient of Friction (CoF) and average wear rate as the output parameters. RSM and ANN models were developed to simulate the experiments. The surface which was subjected to test evidenced that presence of TiO2 and B4C particles protected the material to a certain extent. The tests revealed that wear rate and CoF were greatly influenced by force and distance followed by the speed of the rotating disc. The predictions from RSM and ANN models are also correlated well with the experimental data. ANN model also showed better accuracy and capability for predicting the wear rate and CoF. By desirability function, it was found that the material performed well at a keeping force of 38.9 N, speed of 300rpm and distance of 1000 rpm.
Design, Development and Analysis of a Three-Wheeler Vehicle Chassis
Authors: Nilesh Singh R. , Rudraksh S. , Sachidhanandam M.
Published: February 2022

The advancement in a lightweight three-wheeled vehicle chassis is limited and requires development, SHELL eco-marathon is an event that motivates students to build energy-efficient systems to give better mileage efficiency from a vehicle. Chassis is an important element in the development of such lightweight vehicles. This study aims to develop designs of three-wheeler prototype vehicle chassis in tadpole configuration in the spaceframe, semi-monocoque and monocoque construction. Finite element analysis of these designs was carried out using Ansys software. The torsional and bending stiffness are the areas of focus. The goal is to achieve a detailed comparison between the chassis types based on simulation results, fuel economy, manufacturing feasibility and cost estimation.
Design and Development of Electromagnetic Suspension for a Two-wheeler
Authors: Rishidhar L. , Athreya Rithvik , Martin R. Ann Joachim
Published: February 2022

Traditional hydraulic damper has limited response to different road conditions. This makes it difficult to use in places where roads are not developed. This research focuses on the design and development of a suspension system for two wheelers using electromagnet. This idea increases the response range of the damper of the suspension system. The suspension design is based on maximum load carrying capacity of 80 kg and maximum damper travel of 6 inches. Various technologies of electromagnetic suspension were analysed and simulated. Suspension model simulation and data interpretation were performed and the results are discussed.
Prediction of Fatigue Crack Growth of Aluminium Alloy 7075T6 using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Renuka V.P. , Sornalatha S. , Mary Roopsta D. , Asokan R.
Published: February 2022

As the fatigue cracks are initially invisible to the human eye, detecting them can be complicated. Large scale disruption and risk are directly caused by these cracks if not observed early or left unattended. Since the fatigue crack is challenging to locate, routine inspections or the use of ultrasonic instruments are the traditional methods for detection. Therefore, an image processing method enabled with computer vision and deep learning can be used to detect a fatigue crack. Provided there is an image data input, cracks are identified using a convolutional neural network described in this paper. Edge detector and line detection techniques are used to determine the crack's length and crack angle. Finally, the estimated values using the regression process are compared to the analytical values. At first, the values computed using both methods have excellent correlation. A minor variation can be seen at the final stage when the crack is in a transition stage where it is evolving from a stable crack to an unstable crack.
Drag and Heat Flux Reduction on Hypersonic Re-entry Vehicles in Combination with Different Aerospikes
Authors: Mudaliar Karan Ravi , Gomes Malcolm Cajetan , Chareesh M.V. , Thakur Amritapkumar , Gowrishankar G. , Dineshkumar G. , Vishnukumar G.C.
Published: February 2022

Hypersonic re-entry space vehicles, reusable launch vehicles and intercontinental ballistic missiles all use a blunt body as its fore body to decelerate the re-entry vehicle with aerodynamic heating as the result. Blunt bodies produce more wave drag due to strong detached bow shock wave formation in front of the body. To overcome this, wave drag aerospike has been introduced in front of the blunt body. This aerospike weakens the strong detached bow shock into a weaker oblique shock. It also creates a re-circulation zone (due to the adverse pressure gradient) in front of the body which greatly reduces the high pressure on the front portion of the body. Hence, aerospike is used in front of the blunt body to reduce the wave drag. This aerospike concept was first conceived in the 1950s as a means of reducing the heat transfer rates and aerodynamic drag on axis-symmetric blunt bodies. Many researchers have carried experiments out on the aerospike concept. In this study, computational investigations were carried out on blunt bodies with and without spikes, to know the flow behaviour at different Mach numbers with the help of computational fluid dynamics software. Experimental validations were compared. The effects on the coefficient of drag due to changing the spike tips, such as different aerospikes and spikes, were studied. The effect of the heat flux of the spike was also studied. Finally, conclusions on the optimum tip portion spike were chosen.
Study of Tensile Strength of Glass Epoxy Laminates with Varied Open Hole Diameter
Authors: Samlal Stanley , Chandru Devendra , Nitya Kumaar K.S. , Ganesh Gundlapalli
Published: February 2022

Composite materials such as fiber reinforced plastics are massively used in engineering due to their high strength to weight ratio when compared to the other conventional materials. Due to its high effectiveness, it has been applied in the aerospace and defence industry, automotive industry, civil, marine platforms and systems and sports equipment. The holes in the composites are the main cause for the structural failure due to the stress concentration observed in the components whilst loading. It is important to investigate the effect of holes on the properties of the structural components. The tensile strength of glass fiber reinforced plastic was investigated with respect to ASTM D3039 with the loading rate of 2 mm/min. The samples were made by vacuum assisted resin transfer infusion method (VARTM) and the diameter of centric holes considered are 4mm, 6mm, 8mm and 10mm. The results are analysed to understand the damage criteria that caused the structural failure. When compared with specimen without a hole and specimen with a hole of 10 mm diameter, the maximum load-carrying capacity of the specimen was reduced by 47.9%. All the specimens were subjected to the scanning electron microscope (SEM) to investigate the failure.
Growth of Battery Swapping in EV Passenger Car Segments in India
Authors: Sankaran Ganesh , Venkatesan S.
Published: February 2022

The evolution of electric mobility is a promising strategy for decarbonizing the automotive sector. India is one of the countries that support having at least 30% of new vehicle sales be electric by 2030. To achieve the EV ecosystem to a considerable level, many efforts are required in EV charging infrastructure. Battery swapping is treated as a promising solution to accelerate the mass adoption of EVs in India. It is swapping model as an alternative to a lack of charging stations and to reduce range anxiety. This review paper discuss the role of batter swapping, its importance, pros and cons in 4-wheeler passenger car segments. It highlights the policy guidelines in India related to battery swapping, comparison of swapping vs. charging and ideal places for battery swapping station and role of EV battery pack. The review summary recommends the need to standardize the battery pack to enhance swapping among a single OEM across various name plates and among all OEMs with a collaborative effort.
Evaluación del lenguaje escrito y su relación con el aprendizaje de lectoescritura
Authors: De León López Sandra Concepción , De León Natareno Elie Alberto , Félix López Omar Alexander
Published: February 2022

OBJETIVO: establecer la comparación del aprendizaje de la lectoescritura en niños con condiciones médicas como la epilepsia y la desnutrición. MÉTODO: se realizó un estudio investigación cuantitativa, no experimental descriptiva, transaccional de 31 niños, de los cuales 16 cursan con algún grado de desnutrición y 15 con epilepsia, de la región del sur occidente a los cuales se les aplicó la prueba de OLA que trata de estimar el grado de efectividad en la lectoescritura. RESULTADOS: luego de realizar el proceso de comprobación de la hipótesis, se estableció por medio de la prueba Ji cuadrada, que en el grupo en estudio la condición médica de los niños no tiene una relación significativa con su diagnóstico de lectoescritura, comprobando la misma con un alfa de 0.05 y un valor en tabla de 11.07, mientras el valor de Ji cuadrada calculada tuvo un 4.4563 como resultado final, estableciendo que se acepta la Ho y se rechaza Ha. CONCLUSIÓN: se ha establecido a través de estudios neurocientíficos y observado en la vida cotidiana en la profesión de la salud, la relación en la observación de niños con trastornos de la lectoescritura que sufren desnutrición y epilepsia, en algún grado mayor que niños que no padecen de dichas comorbilidades.
Perkembangan Asuransi Syariah di Inggris
Authors: Alfaruqi Farhana , Prastowo Andi
Published: February 2022

Great Britain is a country where the majority of the population is non-Muslim, but the development of Islamic banking and finance is very good. This is evidenced by the operation of six full Islamic banks and sixteen banks that serve Islamic windows. Sukuk transactions for investors also increased as evidenced by increased demand on the London Stock Exchange with a total of £51 billion. Likewise with takaful products, the UK reinsurance market that deals in Islamic finance. As one of the largest insurance markets in the world, and a leading global center for wholesale insurance and reinsurance, the UK has the potential to support the growth of the takaful business in the years to come.
Pengaruh Musaqah terhadap tingkat Kesejahteraan Petani Kelapa
Authors: Rastini Nursupiana , Lisa Hendro , Selviani Selviani
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect, significance value and percentage of musaqah on the welfare level of coconut farmers, especially coconut farmers.This type of research is quantitative research, namely analyzing in the form of data in the form of numbers. Sampling with random sampling technique.The results of this study indicate that the t-count value is 4.229 so that the t-table is 1.972 < t-count is 4.229 with a significance of 0.000 <0.005. Thus, it can be concluded that musaqah influences the level of welfare of coconut farmers and has a significant effect. The percentage of musaqah influence on the welfare level of coconut farmers is 25.3%, while the remaining 74.7% is influenced by other variables not included in this study