bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methanol utilizers of the rhizosphere and phyllosphere of a common grass and forb host species
Authors: Kanukollu Saranya , Remus Rainer , Ruecker Alexander Martin , Tschiskale Caroline Buchen , Hoffmann Mathias , Kolb Steffen
Published: August 2021

Background: Managed grasslands are global sources of atmospheric methanol, which is one of the most abundant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the atmosphere and promotes oxidative capacity for tropospheric and stratospheric ozone depletion. The phyllosphere is a favoured habitat of plant-colonizing methanol-utilizing bacteria. These bacteria also occur in the rhizosphere, but their relevance for methanol consumption and ecosystem fluxes is unclear. Methanol utilizers of the plant-associated microbiota are key for the mitigation of methanol emission through consumption. However, information about grassland plant microbiota members, their biodiversity and metabolic traits, and thus key actors in the global methanol budget is largely lacking.Results: We investigated the methanol utilization and consumption potentials of two common plant species ( Festuca arundinacea and Taraxacum officinale ) in a temperate grassland. The selected grassland exhibited net methanol emission. The detection of 13 C derived from 13 C-methanol in 16S rRNA of the plant microbiota by stable isotope probing (SIP) revealed distinct methanol utilizer communities in the phyllosphere, roots and rhizosphere but not between plant host species. The phyllosphere was colonized by members of Gamma - and Betaproteobacteria . In the rhizosphere, 13 C-labelled Bacteria were affiliated with Deltaproteobacteria , Gemmatimonadates, and Verrucomicrobiae. Less-abundant 13 C-labelled Bacteria were affiliated with well-known methylotrophs of Alpha -, Gamma -, and Betaproteobacteria . Additional metagenome analyses of both plants were consistent with the SIP results and revealed Bacteria with methanol dehydrogenases (e.g., MxaF1 and XoxF1-5 ) of known but also unusual genera (i.e., Methylomirabilis , Methylooceanibacter , Gemmatimonas , Verminephrobacter ). 14 C-methanol tracing of alive plant material revealed divergent methanol oxidation rates in both plant species but similarly high rates in the rhizosphere and phyllosphere.Conclusions: Our study revealed the rhizosphere as an overlooked hotspot for methanol consumption in temperate grasslands. We also identified unusual methanol utilizers in the phyllosphere and rhizosphere. We did not observe a plant host-specific methanol utilizer community. Our results suggest a model for methanol turnover in which both the sources (plants) and sinks (microbiota) of a volatile are separated but in the same ecological unit.
Follicular Fluid Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Are Associated With Adverse ART Outcomes in Women With Poor Ovarian Reserve
Authors: Cai Yunying , Zhong LanPing , Wu Ze , Wang Min , Su Heng
Published: August 2021

BackgroundPrevious evidence suggests that perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) adversely affect ovarian function and female fecundity. However, the evidence remains insufficient to infer a direct relationship between PFAS exposure and adverse assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes. To fill this gap, we examined follicular fluid PFAS exposure and ART outcomes in patients with poor ovarian reserve (POR) in a prospective study.MethodsIn total, 147 women with POR were included. Eight PFASs were measured in follicular fluid (n=104) samples using simultaneous analysis by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. The PFAS contamination status of the patients’ follicular fluid and the association between characteristics and ART outcomes were investigated by logistic regression.ResultsAfter adjustment for age and BMI, PFOA, PFNA, PFHxS and ∑PFAS were strongly associated with a decreased probability of pregnancy (PFOA highest vs. lowest tertile: OR=1.95, 95% CI: 1.61, 2.38; PFNA highest vs. lowest tertile: OR= 3.0, 95% CI: 2.46, 3.68; PFHxS highest vs. lowest tertile: OR= 1.95, 95% CI: 1.61, 2.35; ∑PFAS second vs. lowest tertile: OR=3.31, 95% CI: 2.74, 3.89). PFOS and PFUnDA were inversely associated with failed implantation. No relationships were noted between failed implantation and other PFAS analytes. The same result was obtained when using live birth as an outcome measure.ConclusionsIn women with POR, follicular fluid PFAS exposure may decrease the probability of clinical pregnancy and live birth.
Functionalized lignin-based-adsorbent derived from black liquor in the paper industry for superior adsorption characteristics.
Authors: Hamad Hesham , Elhafez Sara Abd , Sorour Mariam , Amin Nevin , Abdelwahab Ola , El-Ashtoukhy Elsayed
Published: August 2021

Lignin's availability in large amounts from industrial black liquor as waste from the paper industry is still a problem. On the other hand, its utilization potentials as a green low-cost adsorbent for the effective removal of toxic organic dye from industrial wastewater has become a topic of great interest but remains quite challenging. In this sense, this work aimed to evaluate the feasibility of removing the reactive green dye (RGD) onto the functionalized lignin-based adsorbent (FLA) by the acidic method. The kinetic study suggested the adsorption process confirmed to a pseudo-second-order-kinetic and intra-particle diffusion models. Also, the isotherm results showed that the FLA exhibited multi-layer adsorption. Meanwhile, the results of FTIR and SEM showed that the RG-19 adsorption mechanisms were electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking, and physical adsorption. Thermodynamic parameters were also evaluated and their values indicated that adsorption of RG-19 onto FLA is an exothermic process and spontaneous in nature. As a renewable, low-cost, and natural biomass material, FLA has the potential to be used as a promising sustainable and economic application of biomass and will inspire more scholars to investigate solutions to the problem of contaminated water resources.
A Phenomenological Experience of Trainer with COVID-19 Training: A Tertiary Level Institution Experience with Simulation
Authors: Rohilla Kusum K , Varghese Arun , Kalyani C Vasantha , Singh Neha , Rao Shalinee
Published: August 2021

Background: Highly infectious diseases like COVID-19, which are rapidly disseminating and exceedingly contagious, require vital safety skills to be followed by all health professionals. These safety skills need to be taught to all individuals working in the health care sector, by qualified trainers. The present study describes the experiences of COVID-19 trainers who were involved in providing this intensive training to health workers, in a tertiary level institution. The hospital was providing services to COVID positive patients, as well as emergency and tertiary care services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Most of the participants in the study were high risk groups who were in direct interaction with COVID positive patients.Methods: The COVID-19 training program was conducted for more than three months, with the aim of training all the health care workers at a tertiary care institute, during the Corona virus pandemic. Twenty trainers, who had completed at least 30 or more sessions of training more than 2700 health workers, were included in this study. These trainers were interviewed for an average of thirty minutes per participant and were asked 30 open ended questions each. Results: The mean age of the trainers was 28.9 years, and 75% of them were females. The interview of the COVID-19 trainers highlighted four important factors, which according to them were the pillars of this successful and effective training program. These factors included: The use of video demonstration and simulation for the training; Regular updating of the skill of the trainers in this program; Ease of communication to address the challenges faced by the trainers; and strong administrative support for the training. Conclusion: The results of this study reveal that if health workers are provided a conducive environment for training, as well as full support for updating their knowledge and skills, they can provide optimal health care services to their patients and fellow healthcare workers, even during a challenging time like the COVID-19 pandemic. The trainers in this study provided training to all the health care workers of the hospital, who were posted in COVID wards, even at a time when everyone had the fear of contracting the infection.
The objective need for legal regulation of territorial planning  and its implementation in the Republic of Lithuania
Authors: Mikalauskaitė-Šostakienė Kristina
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes the social and legal assumptions that determine the need for the legal regulation of territorial planning. The extent to which the appropriate legal regulation of territorial planning is related to the protection of the environment, ensuring sustainable development and the protection of human rights is assessed. It is concluded that the process of territorial planning is complex and complicated, has different needs and interests of natural and legal persons regarding the use of the respective territories are constantly encountered. Although the reform of the legal regulation of territorial planning has been carried out three times in Lithuania, gaps in the legal regulation of territorial planning have been identified so far.
Novel Method for the Extraction of Cocaine from Oral Fluid by Means of Disposable Pipette Modified with Restricted Access Material
Authors: Tavares Ludmyla , Bernardo Ricardo , de Oliveira Anselmo , Vaz Boniek , Chaves Andrea
Published: August 2021

This study proposes a new, efficient, and selective method for the analysis of cocaine in oral fluid. For this purpose, an extractive phase with restricted access materials (RAM) capable of extract and pre-concentrate low molecular weight analytes and simultaneously exclude macromolecules was developed for disposable pipette extraction (DPX) followed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analyses. The proposed method was optimized using a 24 factorial design which pointed higher extraction efficiency under the following conditions: pH 9, 10 cycles of extraction (aspirate/dispense), 3 cycles of desorption (aspirate/dispense) and acetonitrile as desorption solvent. The DPX-RAM/LC-MS method showed linearity range from 10 to 100 ng mL-1 with determination coefficient (R2) = 0.999, accuracy values ranged from -0.9 to 4.3%, precision values ranged from 1.7 to 9.1% and recovery values ranged from 97.9 to 101.1%. The benefits of this method are that it can be performed in few minutes and that the analytical performances, including the limit of detection (3.13 ng mL-1), limit of quantitation (10 ng mL-1) and linear range were found to be in agreement with other methods used for similar analysis.
Center trajectory extraction algorithm based on multidimensional hierarchical clustering
Authors: Ji Xinyu , Chu Jianyu , Li Yinfeng , Ruan Chang
Published: August 2021

The existing aircraft center track extraction methods only extract the position information of the trajectory, which cannot meet the requirements of abnormal trajectory detection and trajectory prediction. This paper innovatively proposes a center locus extraction algorithm based on multidimensional hierarchical clustering. Firstly, to solve the problem that trajectory resampling is easy to lose the original trajectory features, an equal arc length interpolation resampling method is proposed to process the original trajectory data. Then, the weighted Euclidean distance matrix of the trajectory set is calculated. The calculation model of the weighted Euclidean distance matrix is novel and takes into account the influence of multidimensional features. Finally, multidimensional hierarchical clustering is used to get the traffic flow distribution and output the center trajectory. 703 departure trajectory data from the terminal area of an airport are used for example verification. The results show that compared with the traditional hierarchical clustering, this method has a significant advantage in accurately dividing traffic flow. Moreover, the extracted center locus can retain the multidimensional features of locus, which has certain practical significance.
Optimization of trajectory tracking control of 3-DOF translational robot use PSO method based on inverse dynamics control for surgery application
Authors: Pham Van Bach Ngoc , Dam Hai Quan , Bui Trung Thanh
Published: August 2021

This research presents an optimal trajectory tracking control method for improving the accuracy of 3-DOF translational parallel robots in the surgery field based on the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method. The 3-DOF translational robot has three translational degrees of freedom, which consists of three arms with three revolute joints and twelve spherical joints. Firstly, the kinematics model is established; and the dynamics equation of the Robot is built by applying the Lagrange equation of the first type, and then the dynamics controller of 3-DOF translational robot is designed base on the dynamics equations. Secondly, a trajectory tracking controller model using the Particle Swarm Optimization based on inverse dynamics controlled method for 3-DOF translational Robot is designed. The control performance results of the proposed controller is evaluated by simulation and compared with the other published research results. Finally, the proposed controller can achieve better tracking performance in comparison with other controllers as Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller, GPI controller, and adaptive controller.
Positioning algorithm for AGV autonomous driving platform based on artificial neural networks
Authors: Bałazy Patryk , Gut Paweł , Knap Paweł
Published: August 2021

This paper presents an artificial intelligence algorithm responsible for the autonomy of a platform. The proposed algorithm allows the platform to move from an initial position to a set one without human intervention and with understanding and response to the dynamic environment. The implementation of such a task is possible by using a combination of a camera identifying the environment with a laser LIDAR sensor and a vision system. The signals from the sensors are analysed through convolutional neural networks. Based on AI inference, the platform makes decisions, including determining the optimal path for itself. A transfer learning method will be used to teach the neural network. This article presents the results of learning the applied neural algorithm.
Peles Pretas Importam
Authors: Dantas Mariana , Laís dos Santos Júlia , Aires Araújo Paloma , Regina Vieira Beatriz , Teixeira de Oliveira Addonai
Published: August 2021

O presente trabalho corresponde a um relato de experiência da atividade “Peles Pretas Importam”, desenvolvida por estudantes de medicina filiados à International Federation of Medical Students’ Associations of Brazil (IFMSA Brazil) – uma organização estudantil cuja missão consiste em contribuir para a formação de profissionais de saúde mais humanizados, empáticos e socialmente responsáveis através da extensão universitária. A intervenção, ambientada em moldes remotos devido à pandemia de COVID-19, objetivou abordar com maior profundidade as particularidades dermatológicas referentes à pele negra, uma vez que praticamente todas as referências da literatura dão enfoque apenas a peles mais claras.

Palavras-chave: extensão; dermatologia; saúde da população negra.
ESTUDO E DESENVOLVIMENTO DE PLANTAS MEDICINAIS COM ATIVIDADE REPELENTE DE INSETOS: UMA PROPOSTA DE EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE
Authors: Carvalho Ribeiro Juliana , Merola Yula de Lima
Published: August 2021

As doenças transmitidas pelo inseto Aedes aegypt são consideradas um desafio para a saúde pública. No intuito de desenvolver ações de educação em saúde para minimizar a presença deste vetor, este projeto promoveu um estudo e uma ação social para a distribuição de mudas de plantas medicinais com atividade repelente de insetos na cidade de Poços de Caldas. A proposta foi um sucesso e foi uma ferramenta de grande valia, fortalecendo o elo entre a comunidade acadêmica, a Fundação Jardim Botânico de Poços de Caldas e a população atendida.
Comparative Studies of Mechanochemically Synthesized Insoluble Beta-Cyclodextrin Polymers
Authors: Jicsinszky László , Bucciol Fabio , Manzoli Maela , Cravotto Giancarlo
Published: August 2021

Cyclodextrin (CD) polymers are covalently linked hollow structures that are a network
of less flexible macrocycles. They can be divided into two main groups: a) soluble
(CDPS); and b) insoluble (CDPIS) polymers. These two types are generally prepared in a
similar reaction, and the CD/reagent ratio determines the final properties of the reaction product.
Changing this ratio of the generally bifunctionalized crosslinking agent and reaction conditions
can lead to CDPS or CDPIS. The classical synthetic way in solution often leads to
partial reagent(s) degradation, which frequently results in poorly reproducible products. At the
same CD/reagent ratio, the reaction in solution yielded soluble CD polymers, whereas the
reaction under mechanochemical conditions produced insoluble CD polymers. Usually, further
derivatization of CDPIS or polymerization of derivatized CDs can be difficult or even
impossible. The reactivity of hydroxyl groups in methylated CDs is limited so that reactions
generally require high-boiling solvents and/or a large excess of reagent. This paper presents an economical, reproducible,
and well-scalable synthetic method for producing some insoluble CD polymers. The physicochemical and
adsorption properties of CDPIS prepared in a planetary ball mill are also compared.
Scutellaria baicalensis Extract-phospholipid Complex: Preparation and Initial
Pharmacodynamics Research in Rats
Authors: Chen Shibin , Xie Qiujie , Yang Ming , Shi Yajun , Shi Junhui , Zeng Xiaobin
Published: August 2021

Background:

Baicalin, a flavonoid glycoside compound present in Scutellaria baicalensis,
has shown a wide spectrum of biological activities, but its liposolubility, water-solubility and
mucosal permeability are all very poor, which leads to the low concentration in brain and poor
bioavailability by oral or intravenous injective administration.

Objective:

The primary objective of this study was to formulate the Scutellaria baicalensis extract
(SBE) with phospholipid to yield Scutellaria baicalensis extract-phospholipid complex (SBEPC) ,
and to evaluate its pharmacodynamics in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).

Methods:

The optimal preparation technology of SBEPC was obtained through single-factor test
and central composite design-response surface methodology (CCD-RSM), and was characterized
with various analytical techniques including SEM, FT-IR and NMR. The storage conditions of
SBEPC were established through stability study and the MCAO rat model was investigated
through conducting pharmacodynamic studies to screen the appropriate administration and dose of
SBEPC as well as to verify the neuroprotective effect of SBEPC on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion
injury.

Results:

The optimized preparation conditions of SBEPC were summarized as follows: the ratio of
phospholipids to drug was 2:1, the drug concentration was 3.5 mg/ml, the reaction temperature was
50 °C, and the entrapment efficiency was over 93.00%. Stability studies have demonstrated that
SBEPC should be stored under 40 °C in a dry and ventilated place away from light and below 37%
humidity. Furthermore, pharmacodynamic studies have found that, compared with SBE, SBEPC
could introduce drugs into the brain and better exert the neuroprotective effect on MCAO rats, and
the optimal administration and dose concentration of SBEPC were nasal administration and 40
mg/ml, respectively.

Conclusion:

These findings demonstrate that SBEPC is successfully prepared by CCD-RSM.
SBEPC can enhance drugs' ability to enter the brain and improve the bioavailability of drugs in
brain, and can effectively exert the neuroprotective effect on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury
as compared with SBE.
Ubiquitin Mediated Degradation of EGFR by 17 β-estradiol in Triple
Negative MDA-MB-231 (TNBC) Breast Cancer Cells Line
Authors: Khode Vitthal , Patil Sumangala , Kaveeshwar Vishwas , Ruikar Komal , Bargale Anil , E. Sarathkumar , Patil Satish
Published: August 2021

Background:

Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) commonly displays
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Effective EGFR degradation results in the
suppression of tumor in various models. Studies have addressed the relevance of this
strategy in the treatment of TNBC. In the present study, we examined the effect of 17 β-
estradiol on EGFR expression in MDA-MB-231 (TNBC) cell line and assessed whether
17 β-estradiol degrades EGFR by ubiquitination pathway.

Objectives:

The objectives of this study are to treat MDA-MB-231 cell lines with
Cycloheximide with or without 17β-estrdiol to observe whether 17β-estradiol leads to
EGFR degradation and to treat with MG-132 to assess whether degradation occurs
through ubiquitination pathway.

Methods:

MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with 17β-estradiol (E2) and EGFR
expression was studied by western blotting at different intervals by using Cycloheximide
chase. To assess ubiquitination pathway of degradation of EGFR in MDA-MB-231 cell
line, MG-132 was used.

Results:

EGFR expression was reduced with β-estradiol treatment in MDA-MB-231 cell
line with Cycloheximide chase. Upon Treatment with MG-132 and E2, EGFR expression
did not reduce, suggesting that Estrogen degrades EGFR by ubiquitination pathway.

Conclusion:

Estrogen degrades EGFR in MDA-MB-231 cells and this degradation
occurs by ubiquitination.
Role of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 in the Etiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review
Authors: Bala Asis , Roy Susmita , Das Debanjana , Marturi Venkatesh , Mondal Chaitali , Patra Susmita , Haldar Pallab Kanti , Samajdar Gourav
Published: August 2021

The risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing abundantly due to lifestyle-related obesity and associated cardiovascular problems. Presently, Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) has gained considerable attention from biomedical scientists to treat diabetes. Phosphorylation of GSK-3 permits a number of cellular activities like regulation of cell signaling, cellular metabolism, cell proliferation and cellular transport. Inhibiting GSK-3 activity by pharmacological intervention has become an important strategy for the management of T2DM. This review focuses on the schematic representation of fundamental GSK-3 enzymology and encompasses the GSK-3 inhibitors as a future therapeutic lead target for the management of T2DM that may significantly regulate insulin sensitivity to insulin receptor, glycogen synthesis and glucose metabolism. The various signaling mechanisms of inhibiting the GSK-3 by describing insulin signaling through Insulin Receptor Substrate (IRS-1), Phosphatidylinositol-3 Kinase (PI3K) and Protein Kinase B (PKB/ AKT) pathways that may hopefully facilitate the pharmacologist to design for antidiabetic drug evaluation model in near future have also been highlighted.
Current Strategies to Minimize Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Liver
Transplantation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gazia Carlo , Lenci Ilaria , Manzia Tommaso M , Martina Milana , Tisone Giuseppe , Angelico Roberta , Abenavoli Ludovico , Grassi Giuseppe , Signorello Alessandro , Baiocchi Leonardo
Published: August 2021

Background:

Hepatic Ischemia Reperfusion Injury (IRI) is a serious threat that characterizes
the liver but also other transplantable organs. The worst effect of long-term IRI on an impaired
graft could lead to irreversible damage and organ failure. Several events characterize the cascade
that ultimately leads to organ failure. Among all, multiple strategies have been attempted to
identify early phenomena of IRI with divergent results, and biomarkers might represent a novel approach
to early detect ischemic damage.

Methods:

A literature review of the current state-of-the-art on IRI was conducted in the present
manuscript. Information was collected from worldwide clinical trials conducted in highly specialized
institutions. Experiments conducted on IRI animal models and clinical studies were screened.
The final outcomes were analyzed and reported in the present review.

Results:

Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) represent an interesting example of the early detector
of neutrophil invasion after acute and chronic hepatic IRI. Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin
(NGAL) is another biomarker which seems more predictable of the IRI gravity phase. Mitochondrial
flavin mononucleotide (FMN) was recently discovered and might become a reliable biomarker
of hepatic IRI during Hypothermic Oxygenation Machine Perfusion (HOPE).

Conclusion:

The available strategies to avoid IRI, despite constantly improving, are still lacking a
gold standard method. Further studies are still needed to explore new options in the IRI diagnosis
and treatment, and to this purpose, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering surely can play a
pivotal role in the transplantation field.
Child Freedom in Mobility to School: Measuring the Strong Factors of Choice of Mode among Parents
Authors: Khalid Nurul Shakila , Nasrudin Na’asah , Marzukhi Marlyana Azyyati
Published: August 2021

The research aims to examine how school children's characteristics may contribute to the choice of mode to school while testing how different neighbourhood density and design may influence the freedom to mobility. Findings indicate that children living in the denser neighbourhood are significantly associated with independent mobility to school compare to children live in a low-density neighbourhood that reported the independent mobility has considerably decreased. Children's preferences for being driven coincide with parents' fears for children safety and concern their children's ability to travel independently in an unsafe neighbourhood environment besides the school profile.
Keywords: School Children, Independent Mobility, Density
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI4.2895
Opinion of Young People on the Crises of Emerging Adulthood: Premarital Sex, Ex-nuptial Pregnancy and Infant Abandonment
Authors: Razali Salmi , Daud Suzanna , Abdullah Bahiyah , Ariffin Farnaza
Published: August 2021

Premarital sex, ex-nuptial pregnancy and infant abandonment are increasing problems. This study aimed to explore the opinion of youngsters on the contributing factors of this triad. A focus group discussion was conducted among 59 consented youngsters who were clustered into six groups. Standard prompts were given, discussions were audiotaped, transcribed and thematically analysed. Main themes emerged as the contributing factors include adjustment with the transition in life, conflict in relationships and lacking internal defences. Understanding these factors within the social development of youngsters is essential to equip them in making an informed decision on their sexuality and crises in life.
Keywords: ex-nuptial pregnancy, infant abandonment, premarital sex, youngsters
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI4.2896
View and Experiences of Unwanted Pregnancy Among Malays Teenage Mother
Authors: Sham Fatimah , Ismail Afiqah , Tuan Him Tuan Nor Ashikin , Razali Salmi
Published: August 2021

Ex-nuptial pregnancy among teenagers in Malaysia associates with negative consequences. However, perspective from them is lacking. To explore their experiences and perspective in addressing this phenomenon. In-depth face-to-face interviews were conducted with informed consent among 10 young women who experienced becoming unwed mothers during adolescents. Data were encoded and analyse using Qualitative Data Analysis Miner Program and interpretative phenomenological analysis. Four themes emerged; sexual activity trajectory, motherhood struggles to them, formula of resilience teenage mothers and life after misery. Perspectives from them are vital. Great support strategies could assist them for a better life.
Keywords: teenage, motherhood, pregnant, sexuality, Malaysia 
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI4.2896
What Do ESL Learners Perceive as Effective 21st Century L2 Pedagogies?
Authors: Dillah Doreen , Manokaran Janaki , Mohd Ris Ezathul Zerafena , Jamian Leele Susana
Published: August 2021

Low proficiency in English, poor communication skills, problem-solving, and critical thinking cause unemployment among local graduates. This study explored learners’ perception of pedagogies that work effectively for language acquisition based on eight dimensions of 21st century L2 pedagogies. A descriptive research design combining quantitative and qualitative methods was utilised to extract data from 60 undergraduates. Findings revealed that TESL students had higher overall mean scores and preferences for Learner-centred Models compared to Mathematics students who chose Appropriate Tools and Promote Learning without Borders. Their preferences of pedagogies signify what works best for their mastery of L2.
Keywords: 21st Century L2 (second language) pedagogies; ESL (L2) learners; dimensions; undergraduates
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI4.2909
The Malaysian Garden Concept Design Branding: Whose Role is it Anyway?
Authors: Zakaria Ahmad Zamil , Md Dali Melasutra , Hussein Hazreena
Published: August 2021

Two decades ago, Malaysian leaders had expressed their desire to have a garden design concept that can represent Malaysia. This study explores the Malaysian Garden Concept (MGC) branding from the perspectives of experts recognized by the National Landscape Department (NLD). This study applies a qualitative research method, in which researchers have interviewed respondents using specific effective techniques. The MGC is meant for public parks and designed for all uses but has some significant issues. The finding found that intensive promotion, marketing, and advertising can help implement the concept of Malaysian Garden in the future.
Keywords: Malaysian Garden; National Identity; Landscape Architecture; Concept Branding 
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI4.2914
Переход заряда в вертикальных структурах, образованных двумерными слоями
Authors: Давыдов С.Ю. , Лебедев А.А. , Булат П.В.
Published: August 2021

Electronic structures of superlattices and encapsulated layers are obtained by Green’s function method. The simple scheme for estimation of interlayer charge transfer is proposed. As an example, layers of graphene and graphene-like compounds are considered.
Особенности инициирования эффекта полого катода в электродной системе тлеющего разряда с протяженной катодной щелью
Authors: Климов А.С. , Бакеев И.Ю. , Зенин А.А. , Окс Е.М. , Чан В.Т.
Published: August 2021

The influence of the size of the cathode gap on the initiation of the hollow cathode effect in a glow discharge system with an extended rectangular hollow cathode is presented. It is established that the threshold current of the discharge transition to the mode with a hollow cathode is determined by the size of the cathode gap. With a decrease in the width of the gap, the threshold current increases disproportionately, with an increase in the longitudinal size of the gap, this current decreases sharply
Effect of a Brief Web-Based Educational Intervention on Willingness to Consider Human Papillomavirus Vaccination for Children in Japan: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Suzuki Yukio , Sukegawa Akiko , Ueda Yutaka , Sekine Masayuki , Enomoto Takayuki , Miyagi Etsuko
Published: August 2021

Background

The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rate in Japan has fallen to nearly zero since the suspension of governmental proactive recommendations in 2013, owing to the development of purported adverse events.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a brief web-based educational intervention using the theory of behavioral insights on the willingness of adults to consider the HPV vaccine for their daughters and sons.

Methods

We recruited 1660 participants aged 20 years or older in March 2018 via a webpage and provided them with a 10-item questionnaire related to the following aspects: awareness regarding HPV infection and vaccination, willingness for immunization, and actions for prevention. We randomly stratified participants based on sex and age with or without a brief educational intervention involving scientific information presented in an easy-to-read format.

Results

Only 484 (29.2%) of the respondents were aware of the benefits of HPV vaccination. Although only 352 (21.2%) of the respondents displayed a willingness for immunization of their daughters, there were 40 (4.8%) more respondents in the intervention group with this willingness (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.32, 95% CI 1.04-1.69). In a subanalysis, the willingness toward vaccination for daughters in men was significantly higher in the intervention group (aOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.05-2.02). However, such a difference was not observed among women (aOR 1.20, 95% CI 0.83-1.73).

Conclusions

This study suggests that a brief web-based educational intervention increases the willingness of adults to consider the HPV vaccine for their children, especially among men. Thus, providing adequate information to men may be a useful strategy to improve the currently low rates of HPV vaccination.

Trial Registration

UMIN Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000049745 (UMIN-CTR); https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000049745
Vidas rompibles en el vórtice de precarización: políticas de expulsión, procesos de exclusión y vida callejera en la ciudad fronteriza de Tijuana, México
Authors: Del Monte Madrigal Juan Antonio
Published: August 2021

Este artículo presenta un análisis del proceso de precarización de personas con un pasado de deportación a cuestas y que habitan actualmente las calles de la ciudad fronteriza de Tijuana. Este trabajo está enmarcado en un modelo de análisis, denominado el vórtice de precarización, que funciona para investigar la forma en que la vida de estas personas se ha ido degradando cada vez más atendiendo factores procesuales, relacionales, prácticos y subjetivos. En este artículo se profundiza en la dimensión histórico-procesual de dicho modelo de análisis, donde se analizan las políticas de expulsión y exclusión y se despliega una perspectiva multifactorial para comprender los diversos elementos histórico-sociales que se conjugaron para que determinadas personas llegaran a habitar las calles de esta ciudad fronteriza.
Justin Trudeau frente a los desafíos del populismo en América del norte
Authors: Santín Peña Oliver
Published: August 2021

Los personajes de la política que apelan a la sabiduría del pueblo y se asumen como sus defensores, no son figuras casuales en tiempo ni en las formas que adoptan en el siglo XXI, su ascenso tiene décadas gestándose, de modo que las condiciones de exclusión y/o falta de oportunidades para amplios sectores de la sociedad, han encontrado en las prácticas populistas liderazgos poderosos e influyentes en: Canadá, Estados Unidos y México. En tal escenario, el primer ministro del Partido Liberal; Justin Trudeau y su equipo, han debido emplear estrategias hábiles que han resultado exitosas para minimizar los efectos de estas expresiones qué, hacen del conflicto y la polémica uno de sus principales capitales políticos con sus bases. En este escrito conoceremos a los protagonistas y sus características en América del norte y la posición del gobierno de Trudeau frente a ellos.
Economía política de la pandemia: La encrucijada
Authors: Correa Eugenia , Marshall Wesley
Published: August 2021

Se argumenta que la pandemia del Coronavirus 19 y su respuesta global representa un parteaguas histórico que ha abierto muchos caminos de investigación. Si bien no se pueden abordar todos ellos, en este extenso artículo se analiza lo que creemos más relevante. Originalmente se escribió este artículo para el número especial sobre la pandemia del International Journal of Political Economy. Nuestro primer borrador era demasiado largo, por lo que lo se acorto enormemente por el número especial y luego se volvió al borrador original más largo, y aunque tardamos meses en corregirlo y mejorarlo, no lo actualizamos más allá de la información disponible en octubre de 2020.
Lecciones del Covid-19: ¿Qué se debería aprender de esta pandemia?
Authors: Parguez Alain
Published: August 2021

¿Cuál es la primera lección que uno puede extraer de la catástrofe en curso: los gobiernos carecían de la fuerza de F. Nietzsche para sobrevivir? Estaban perdidos, deseaban ignorar que el impacto dramático de la pandemia era el resultado final de la locura de su adicción a la austeridad y, como estaban perdidos, la locura y el error fueron el núcleo de sus reacciones de pánico.
Política fiscal y financiera y grupos empresariales en México
Authors: Bernal Soriano Irma I.
Published: August 2021

El artículo revisa la historia del capital financiero en nuestro país por medio de la historia de los grupos financieros. Dicho fenómeno económico tuvo lugar durante el modelo de la industrialización por sustitución de importaciones, siendo éste el contexto económico.  El hilo conductor del análisis versa sobre el cuestionamiento siguiente: ¿Cómo se alcanzaron las estrechas vinculaciones financieras de los grupos empresariales con el capital financiero, para integrar a los bancos y/o casas de bolsa en el grupo empresarial, de tal manera que se diera lugar a los grupos financieros? Para tal propósito se analiza el proceso histórico en la formación de los grupos empresariales, y financieros mexicanos; así como la incidencia de la política fiscal y financiera a su favor. La parte final está dedicada a las conclusiones.

 

 
Brasil: consecuencias del Covid-19. Crisis multidimensional en tres actos
Authors: Costa Lima Marcos , Fonseca Pedro
Published: August 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las acciones de gobierno de Bolsonaro en la lucha contra el Covid-19 y debatir cuáles son las consecuencias pospandémicas para Brasil. Nuestro principal argumento es que las acciones del gobierno de Bolsonaro han contribuido a agravar la crisis multidimensional que sufre Brasil desde 2016, cuando se produjo el juicio político (impeachment) a la presidenta Dilma Roussef. Las acciones del gobierno de Bolsonaro están guiadas por un populismo que tiene como principal característica lo anticientífico y que tiene como resultado un promedio de más de 2000 muertes por día con proyecciones de llegar a 3000 muertes.

 
A survey and evaluation of mobile apps in science centers and museums
Authors: Gomes Barbosa Maycon , de Saboya Luiz Antonio , Vaz Bevilaqua Diego
Published: August 2021

This paper studies how science centers and museums around the world have used mobile apps with museum guide characteristics and tries to identify the best interface design principles to improve their use as a tool for interaction with the public. For this purpose, we mapped mobile apps from science centers and museums and applied an evaluation tool for each one to identify good practices. This allowed us to produce guidelines for identifying good practices in the development of apps as a way of expanding visitors' experience in these institutions through these devices.
MINAS GERAIS NO CONTEXTO DAS INDICAÇÕES GEOGRÁFICAS (IG’S) BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Santana Guilherme Henrique dos Santos , Chelotti Marcelo Cervo
Published: August 2021

As Indicações Geográficas (IG's) estão presentes em todo território brasileiro e possuem diversas características, como tradições, áreas de abrangência e produtos certificados. Em 2020 eram 79 IG’s, sendo 57 Indicações de Procedência e 22 Denominação de Origem, resultando em complexas certificações que alteram o território que estão inseridas. A gênese no Brasil ocorre em 2002 com a IG do Vale dos Vinhedos, e desde então, há um aumento das discussões sobre a certificação. O objetivo do artigo é apresentar as principais características e tipologias das Indicações Geográficas no país, mas em especial no estado de Minas Gerais. A metodologia se deu com revisões bibliográficas e análises de dados secundários em diversas plataformas, tais como, DataSebrae, IBGE, INPI, dentre outras. Em Minas Gerias são 10 Indicações Geográficas, com grande potenceial nas suas certificações, desde o tradicional Queijo Canastra, com raízes históricas, ao moderno Café do Cerrado, associado ao mercado global. Percebemos assim, a íntima relação entre a Indicação Geográfica e a categoria território, com predomínio nas regiões sul e sudeste.
MATHEMATICS LEARNING THROUGH CHARACTER EDUCATION BASED ON INTEGRATED THEMATIC LEARNING: A DEVELOPMENT OF LEARNING MATERIALS
Authors: Suzana Yenny , Sabaruddin Sabaruddin , Maharani Suesthi , Abidin Zainal
Published: August 2021

This research is to develop mathematics teaching materials that are integrated with elementary school thematic learning. The purpose of the development is to obtain mathematics teaching materials that prioritize the local wisdom of the Acehnese people. This teaching material is helpful for fifth-grade elementary school students in which there are character values for learning mathematics. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research method with the ADDIE model development research design. This research focuses on analyzing elementary school teachers who face the problem of integrated mathematics-based character education in thematic learning, then making initial designs and developing character education-based mathematics teaching materials that are integrated into the learning theme. The results showed that character education-based mathematics teaching materials were compatible with elementary students' thematic learning. Mathematics teaching materials focused on solving math problems for elementary students, integrating character values in mathematics with various themes in thematic learning by integrating each mathematics material into themes. The mathematics teaching materials developed were designed with various activities related to daily activities with straightforward language to be understood and made into a mathematical model.
WTAP-mediated GPX4 m6A methylation triggers PASMCs ferroptosis and pulmonary vascular fibrosis in pulmonary artery hypertension
Authors: Xin Wei , He Siyu , Du Yanling , Yu Yang , Song Xinyue , zhang junting , Jiang Yuan , Li Songyue , Zhang Jingya , zhu daling
Published: August 2021

Background and Purpose Ferroptosis is a new form of cell death
discovered in recent years. PH is a pulmonary circulatory disease
partially characterized by small pulmonary vessel remodeling and
fibrosis. However, researchers have not clearly determined whether
ferroptosis is involved in PH. Here, this study examined the role and
regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis in PH and pulmonary fibrosis.
Experimental Approach To evaluate the occurrence of ferroptosis in rat
PH models and in hypoxic PASMCs, MDA, GSH and iron assay were performed.
The therapeutic potential of ferroptosis inhibitor fer-1 was evaluated
using echocardiography, hemodynamic analysis and ventricular weight
measurement in rat PH models. Ferroptosis-related molecule was
determined by western blotting and RT-PCR. Changes in autophagy and
fibrosis were analyzed by western blotting analysis, RT-PCR and
immunofluorescence. Key Results Ferroptosis was existence in vivo and
vitro PH models. The fer-1 significantly improved the pathological
symptoms of PH and inhibited the occurrence of pulmonary vascular
fibrosis. GPX4 was significantly lower expression in PH models, and
serves as a key driver of PH-related ferroptosis. A KEGG pathway
analysis and RT-PCR detection revealed that GPX4 drives ferroptosis in
an autophagy-dependent manner. The RIP experiment verified that WTAP
bound to the GPX4 pre-mRNA, induced m6A methylation and promoted its
pre-mRNA degradation, thereby reducing the expression of GPX4 in hypoxic
PASMCs. Conclusion and Implications This study proposed ferroptosis as a
novel form of cell death in PH, and revealed the regulatory mechanism of
the ferroptosis in PH, which is based on GPX4 m6A methylation regulated
by WTAP.
Organizacja procesu spedycji samochodów
Authors: Węgrowski Kamil , Rokicki Tomasz
Published: August 2021

Celem artykułu była ocena funkcjonalności procesu spedycji samochodów w wybranym przedsiębiorstwie. W pracy ukazano specyficzne elementy procesów spedycji samochodów. Przewozy aut tworzą niszę rynkową, więc spedycją zajmują się wyspecjalizowane firmy. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono, że proces spedycji samochodów w badanym przedsiębiorstwie wymaga ulepszeń w kwestii przyjmowania zlecenia transportu i tworzenia list przewozowych, obiegu dokumentów, magazynowania, tworzenia harmonogramów pracy pracowników i ustalania cenników.