bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
علماء الشيعة الإمامية في المشرق الاسلامي وآثارهم العلمية 132-656ه/ 749- 1258م (مدينة قم أُنموذجاً)
Authors: نعمان مصطاف أ.د. ثامر , رعد سلوم م.م. وسام , محمد حسيني د سيد محمد
Published: January 2024

تعتبر مدينة قم من المناطق التي تقع في شرق الخلافة الاسلامية حيث سكنها العديد من الأسر والعلماء الشيعة الذين كان لهم دور كبير في نشر علوم اهل البيت(عليهم السلام) في قم وما يجاورها من البلاد الاخرى، فضلاً عن عوامل أخرى ساعدت على ازدهار الحركة العلمية وهو الروايات الواردة عن الأئمة الأطهار ( عليهم السلام ) في عظم منزلة قم وشرفها ممّا جعلها تُعد ركن آمن اطمئن إليه فقهاء آل البيت ( عليهم السلام ) بعد ما لاقوه من شتى صنوف القسوة والإرهاب من بني العباس، وسوء معاملتهم لهم ، إضافةً إلى وقوع مدينة قم تحت حكومة أمراء آل بويه للمدَّة 334-447ه ، وهم معروفون بنزعتهم الشيعية وولائهم لأهل البيت ( عليهم السلام ) ، كل ذلك جعل من مدينة  قم مركزاً فقهياً كبيراً .

    اشتمل البحث على مقدّمة ومبحثين ، وخاتمة ، تطرّقنا في المبحث الأول عن مدينة قم: موقعها ،وتاريخ إنشاءها وانتشار التشيّع فيها. أما المبحث الثاني  فقد ركّز الحديث عن اشهر علماء الشيعة في مدينة قم واثارهم العلمية . وجاءت الخاتمة لتسجّل أهم النتائج التي توصّل إليها البحث.
La Neo Televisión en los programas magazine y Talk Show
Authors: Vera Ribeiro Cristina
Published: January 2024

En este estudio el principal enfoque son los programas magazine y los programas talk show, a menudo se mesclan estos formatos. Así que, el principal objetivo es aclarar cual la diferencia entre los dos formatos, incluso, verificar si existe diferencia entre ellos. Este tipo de programas ocupan una gran parte de la franja horaria en las cadenas de televisión públicas y privadas, sin embargo, los estudios científicos sobre este tipo de programas no abundan.
Revisión del sistema de Autorregulación Publicitaria en Chile: naturaleza y caracterización de los casos recibidos en el Consejo de Ética y Autorregulación Chileno durante diciembre del 2019 a marzo del 2020
Authors: Goldsack-Trebilcock Sebastian , Szántó Gatíca Florencia
Published: January 2024

El sistema de autorregulación publicitaria en Chile opera hace más de 30 años bajo la rectoría del Consejo de Autorregulación y Ética publicitaria (CONAR), que por medio de un Código (CchEP) vela por el cumplimento de las normas deontológicas acordadas de manera voluntaria por los principales actores de la industria de las comunicaciones comerciales en este país.

Esta investigación exploratoria y de naturaleza descriptiva revisa 44 casos presentados ante el CONAR durante diciembre del 2019 a marzo del 2020, y los analiza desde el origen de los reclamantes, los principales sectores industriales y materias reclamadas, y en los artículos del CchEP acogidos y resueltos mediante un dictamen ético. 

Este diagnóstico posibilita reconocer algunas particularidades del sistema de autorregulación en Chile durante el período estudiado, y en ello revisar algunas brechas que pueden servir al debate sobre el rol de esta corporación en la industria y al articulado jurídico normativo vigente.
El papel de los medios de comunicación televisivos nacionales en el desarrollo del fútbol femenino ecuatoriano.
Authors: Bernal Juan David , Benítez María Julia
Published: January 2024

El fútbol femenino ha ido popularizándose en los últimos años, lastimosamente en Latinoamérica, más específicamente en Ecuador, sigue siendo un deporte poco visto y de bajo interés. Este trabajo de investigación busca analizar qué papel juegan los medios de comunicación televisados nacionales en el desarrollo, crecimiento y profesionalización de esta categoría del deporte más popular del país, y el interés que tienen los televidentes ecuatorianos en consumir fútbol femenino nacional. Basándose en una metodología cuantitativa y cualitativa, esta investigación contiene los resultados de una encuesta realizada a los hinchas del club ecuatoriano Liga Deportiva Universitaria, a través de la aplicación móvil oficial del equipo; además de una entrevista realizada a 4 periodistas deportivos ecuatorianos sobre la situación actual de los medios con respecto al fútbol femenino.
Educomunicación y Educación para la Ciudadanía
Authors: Tabango Cevallos Jonathan
Published: January 2024

Este estudio plantea la necesidad de fortalecer a los estudiantes en Ecuador como agentes de cambio frente a problemas que afectan a nivel global. Propone la implementación de la educomunicación en el sistema educativo mediante proyectos que no solo les permita el identificar y comprender problemas, sino también desarrollar soluciones efectivas. Los hallazgos de esta investigación proporcionan una base concluyente que respalda la adopción de medidas prácticas y cambios positivos, particularmente en el ámbito del consumo de agua. Además, destacan cómo los estudiantes ecuatorianos, al reflexionar sobre su preocupación por el futuro, están influyendo en las instituciones educativas.

Es crucial subrayar que respaldar estrategias educativas, como la implementación de la educomunicación y la educación para la ciudadanía aporta un valor significativo al proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Este enfoque no solo busca transmitir conocimientos, sino también promover el desarrollo integral de los estudiantes, instaurando en ellos habilidades críticas esenciales para enfrentar los desafíos de un mundo en constante cambio.

Trabajar con estrategias basadas en la educomunicación y la educación para la ciudadanía va más allá de una mera transmisión de información; implica preparar a los estudiantes para convertirse en ciudadanos informados, críticos y participativos en los asuntos de la sociedad actual. Este planteamiento no solo debe ser adoptado por instituciones educativas, sino también respaldado por gobiernos, organizaciones y la sociedad en general. La colaboración de todos estos actores será esencial para fortalecer el sistema educativo garantizando que los alumnos estén dotados de habilidades necesarias para contribuir positivamente al desarrollo sostenible y a la solución de los problemas globales.
Análisis de la retórica organizacional en tiempos de posverdad
Authors: Hernández Castro Laura Sofía
Published: January 2024

Este proyecto de investigación se enfoca en explorar la interacción entre la comunicación organizacional, la percepción pública y las decisiones de compra en un contexto donde la posverdad y el greenwashing juegan un papel crucial. El estudio se apoya en un marco teórico que abarca conceptos fundamentales de la comunicación, la retórica y la responsabilidad social, con un enfoque particular en la influencia de la autenticidad y la transparencia en la construcción de la confianza del público.

Asimismo, se identificaron desafíos significativos relacionados con la posverdad y el greenwashing. El estudio concluye enfatizando la necesidad de la comunicación organizacional honesta y coherente en un mundo caracterizado por la desinformación y cómo las organizaciones deben respaldar sus afirmaciones con acciones concretas para mantener la confianza del público y lograr un impacto positivo en las decisiones de compra.
Estrategias de comunicación institucional en tiempos de covid-19
Authors: Márquez Jorge , Molina Oscar , Benalcázar Boris
Published: January 2024

Este estudio analiza la comunicación institucional durante la pandemia de COVID-19 y las estrategias que utilizaron diferentes gobiernos, organizaciones no gubernamentales y medios de comunicación para educar, generar confianza y enfrentar los retos comunicativos en una situación de crisis. Además, se examinan las lecciones aprendidas a lo largo de la pandemia y su impacto en la percepción pública y la difusión efectiva de información relevante. La metodología empleada en este artículo consistió en realizar una búsqueda sistemática y exhaustiva de fuentes académicas, casos prácticos y documentos oficiales sobre el tema en diversas bases de datos, repositorios digitales y notas de prensa. Para llevar a cabo la revisión de literatura se implementaron estrategias de búsqueda específicas en cada base de datos y se aplicaron filtros para limitar los resultados a estudios relevantes, utilizando palabras clave relacionadas con el tema de investigación y criterios de inclusión precisos seleccionando recursos publicados en los últimos cinco años y en los idiomas español e inglés. Los principales hallazgos revelaron que la efectividad en la comunicación de los Gobiernos y los medios de comunicación durante la crisis de COVID-19 se fundamentó en la transparencia, la participación ciudadana, la empatía, la colaboración con expertos y la adaptabilidad. Estos factores fueron fundamentales para generar confianza, credibilidad y apoyo hacia las instituciones. En última instancia, esta investigación proporciona una perspectiva integral sobre las estrategias de comunicación institucional empleadas durante la emergencia sanitaria causada por la crisis del coronavirus, resaltando la importancia crítica de la comunicación efectiva en la gestión de crisis.
Strong Golbach's conjecture proof using a structural approach to numbers
Authors: AGUEZOUL Otman
Published: January 2024

This paper provides an elementary proof of Strong Goldbach’s conjecture stating that every even natural number greater than two can be written as the sum of two primes. The conjecture addresses one of the oldest and most fundamental problems in number theory, which is understanding the distribution and properties of prime numbers.The proof employs a structural approach to numbers. On one hand, it builds upon the understanding of the structure of primes, specifically focusing on their 6k±1 patterns (primes≥5) as discussed in the opening section of the document, and on the other hand, it explores the underlying structure of even numbers, classifying them into three distinct categories based on their relationship to multiples of 3. Additionally, the proof employs a sieve logic encapsulated within an ad-hoc notation introduced in this paper (ad-hoc sieve notation), to provide the description for prime numbers into which an even number, according to its structure, can be decomposed. Finally, the proof covers formally the even numbers greater or equal to 10. The even numbers 4,6 and 8 are cases accepted as outliers in this approach since they involve the particular primes 2 and 3 that are not fitting any of 6k±1 prime patterns (as: 4=2+2,6=3+3 and 8=3+5). At the conclusion of this paper, several practical and direct implications of this approach are discussed. These implications involve the identification of twin primes, new primality testing, identifying sequences of primes, and the articulation with the Goldbach’s Comet.
Fermat Primes.
Authors: Aguilera César
Published: January 2024

Properties related to Fermat Primes.
Norms of Democracy, Staged Democrats, and Supply of Exclusionary Ideology
Authors: Valentim Vicente
Published: January 2024

Existing literature sees attitudinal support for liberal democratic values as a crucial way to prevent the success of illiberal actors and their policies. But recent studies show that democratic support can coexist with lack of punishment for backsliding practices. To reconcile these findings, I argue that social norms generate incentives to declare that one opposes illiberal actors even if one does not---what I call staged democrats. Staged democrats are not a stable safeguard against illiberal politicians, because information shocks can reveal that they do not sincerely oppose illiberalism. Studying Switzerland, where referendums provide information on the sincere preferences of citizens, I collect data on referendum results, public opinion surveys, and party positions. My analyses show that if referendums reveal that the positions of far-right parties are more popular than expected, those parties become more exclusionary. Attitudes only prevent illiberal policy if they are sincerely held.
KONTRIBUSI GAMBAR TEKNIK PADA BODY OF KNOWLEDGE TEKNIK INDUSTRI
Authors: Adifya Anevy Rafa
Published: January 2024

Body of knowledge Teknik Industri.Terdiri dari 14 cakupan penegtahuan yang meliputi berbagai komsep Teknik industri yang relevan dan dapat digunakansebagaai panduan bagi para professional Teknik industri dalammengembangkan keterampilan dan penegtahuan mereka. Dalam duniaindustri, tentunya gambar teknik memiliki peran penting. Pentingnya gambarteknik ini dikarenakan dapat membantu para insinyur, arsitek, dan desainer dalam mengkomunikasikan hasil desain, ide beserta konesep yang dapat menyampaikan pesan yang akurat dan detail dalam proses produksi . Pembuatan desain produk diperlukan optimalisasi sehingga lebih efektif danefesien. Dapat dilakukan dengan mencari metode alternatif dalam perakitansebuah produk sehingga dapat meningkatkan produktifitas perusahaan.
Penggunaan Computer Aided Design System dalam Menggambar Teknik dan Perakitan
Authors: Salsa
Published: January 2024

Sebagai bahasa teknik, gambar teknik memainkan peran penting dalam mengkomunikasikan maksud perancang. Dengan semakin majunya teknologi, pembuatan gambar teknik tidak lagi hanya dilakukan secara manual, tetapi juga dapat dilakukan secara digital atau menggunakan CAD (computer-aided design). CAD adalah perangkat lunak komputer yang dapat digunakan untuk membuat desain untuk industri apa pun. Dukungan software memungkinkan Anda membuat model dalam ruang imajiner dengan visualisasi tinggi, lebar, jarak, material dan warna yang sangat mendekati keadaan sebenarnya. CAD tidak hanya digunakan untuk memvisualisasikan objek yang dibangun, tetapi juga dapat digunakan untuk menentukan apakah objek yang dirakit akan berfungsi dengan baik.
High-definition turns time-dependent: Different behavioral consequences during and following cathodal high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD tDCS) in a magnitude classification task
Authors: Schroeder Philipp A. , Nuerk Hans-Christoph , Svaldi Jennifer
Published: January 2024

Neuromodulation with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can transiently alter neural activity, but its spatial precision is low. High-definition (HD) tDCS was introduced to increase spatial precision by placing additional electrodes over the scalp. Initial evaluations of HD tDCS indicated polarity-specific neurophysiological effects -- similar to conventional tDCS albeit with greater spatial precision. Here, we compared the effects of cathodal tDCS or HD tDCS in a 4x1 configuration over prefrontal cortex regions on behavioral parameters in a magnitude classification task. We report results on overall performance, on the numerical distance effect as a measure of numerical processing, and on the spatial-numerical associations of response codes (SNARC) effect, a parameter that was previously affected by prefrontal cathodal tDCS. Healthy volunteers (n = 68) received sham or cathodal HD tDCS at 1 mA over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) or the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). Results were compared to an identical protocol with conventional cathodal tDCS to the left prefrontal cortex (PFC) vs. sham (n = 64). Mixed effects models showed performance gains relative to sham in all conditions after tDCS (i.e., ‘offline’), whereas montages over PFC and DLPFC already showed performance gains during tDCS (i.e., ‘online’). In contrast to conventional tDCS, HD tDCS did not reduce the SNARC effect. Also, neither condition affected numerical processing, as expected. The results suggest that HD tDCS with cathodal polarity might require further adjustments for effective modulations of cognitive-behavioral performance, which could be achieved by individualization of current density by electric field modeling.
Semantic network centrality captures the key concepts for successful understanding of a lecture
Authors: Lee Yeongji , Kraemer David J. M.
Published: January 2024

When we learn conceptual knowledge, we not only remember the pieces of information, but also understand how they are related to capture the deeper meaning of underlying concepts. Previous studies have shown that the network structure of narratives can predict the information that will be recalled, but it is currently unknown whether the same network properties relate to conceptual learning in an academic lecture. In this study, participants watched a YouTube video to learn several concepts about Newtonian physics and subsequently were prompted to recall what they remembered and learned from the lesson. By transforming the transcript of the lecture into a semantic network graph using a text embedding model (SBERT), we demonstrated that the more degree central the information is in the network, the more likely it is to be remembered. Additionally, the recall of more central information predicts how well a given student understands the concepts, as reflected in their conceptual essays. Lastly, we investigated whether there was information that predicted learning that was not as semantically central. Our findings indicate the inherent semantic relations between concepts in the lecture shape the way we construct conceptual knowledge.
Effects of leaf extracts of Carica papaya L. (Caricaceae) and Vernonia colorata (Willd.) Drake (Asteraceae) on induced thrombocytopenia and increased vascular permeability: an approach to symptomatic treatment of dengue
Authors: Ouedraogo Moussa , Nikiema Wendwaoga Arsène , Pagbelguem Bonsdawinde , Delma T. Edwige , Olusunle Dorcas F. , Sondo Apoline , Kabore R. Armel Flavien , Kafando Eleonore
Published: January 2024

Background: Dengue fever is a re-emerging threat that can lead to thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) and severe plasma leakage, sometimes fatal. Supportive care is needed in severe cases, as no specific treatment is yet available. In Burkina Faso, the population commonly uses Carica papaya and Vernonia colorata. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Vernonia colorata to Carica papaya in reducing the major symptoms of Dengue fever. Methods: Lyophilized aqueous ethanolic macerations of fresh leaves of the two plants were prepared, and flavonoid contents were visualized by a fingerprint approach. Platelet and lymphocyte count and the amount of dye leaked from the vascular duct were monitored in pharmacologically induced mouse models. The plant extracts were tested at 100 mg/kg bw on carrageenan (100 mg/kg bw) depressed platelet count on day 2 and at 30 and 100 mg/kg bw on acetic acid-induced dye leakage from the vascular duct. Results: The plant extracts at 100 mg/kg bw significantly prevented thrombocytopenia (p˂0.05) with an increased platelet count on day 2. The acetic acid-increased vascular permeability was inhibited by over 85% (p˂0.001) in animals treated with 30 and 100 mg/kg bw of each lyophilized plant extract. The effect of Vernonia colorata and Carica papaya leaf extracts did not differ statistically on thrombocyte count or in preventing increased vascular permeability. A phytochemical fingerprint allowed the characterization of flavonoids in the two plant extracts. Conclusion: The leaf extract of Vernonia colorata can prevent provoked thrombocytopenia and increased vascular permeability, similar to Carica papaya. Further phytochemical content-based molecular mechanisms are expected.
HEMATOLOGY OF Osphronemus goramy FED CONTAINING FERMENTED TURI (Sesbania grandiflora) LEAF MEAL and CHALLENGED WITH Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Wahyono Hendri , Lukistyowati Iesje , Riauwaty Morina
Published: January 2024

Turi leaf (Sesbania grandiflora) is a natural ingredient with antibacterial compounds. This research was conducted from April to June 2022 at the Fish Nutrition Laboratory and the Laboratory of Parasites and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau. This study aimed to obtain the best dose of fermented turi leaves in feed seen from hematology before and after the challenge test with A.hydrophila. The method used in this study is an experimental method using a one-factor Completely Randomised Design (CRD) with five treatment levels, namely Kn: (no treatment), Kp: (no cure and infected with A.hydrophila), P1: (fermented feed containing 15% turi leaves, 85% soy flour), P2: (30% turi leaves, 70% soy flour), and P3: (45% turi leaves, 55% soy flour). Fish were reared for 46 days. The challenge test was conducted on day 32 with A.hydrophila bacteria at a density of 108 CFU/mL, as much as 0.1 mL/head. The results showed that fermented feed contained 45% turi leaves and 55% soybeans (P3). Wheat flour obtained total erythrocytes 2.51x106 cells/mm3, hematocrit 40.33%, hemoglobin 10.40 g/dL, total leukocytes 10.13x104 cells/mm3, phagocytosis activity 21.13%, survival rate 90%, and absolute weight growth 9.52g. Water quality parameters were temperature ranging from 27-300C, pH 5.9-6.2, DO 5.5-5.9 mg/L, and NH3 0.015-0.017 m g/L. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is an effect of adding fermented turi leaves to feed on the hematology of gouramy before and after the A.hydrophila bacterial challenge test has a significant impact
THE EFFECT OF SALINITY ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF ASIAN REDTAIL CATFISH SEEDS (Hemibagrus nemurus)
Authors: Putra Mutlas Ade , Tang Usman M , Syawal Henni
Published: January 2024

This research was conducted 30 days from June to July 2022 at the Aquaculture Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru. This study aimed to analyze the osmoregulation response of the Asian redtail catfish to different salinities and to obtain optimal salinity for good physiological performance for the Asian redtail catfish. The method used was an experimental method using a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications, namely, three ppt salinity treatment, six ppt salinity treatment, nine ppt salinity treatment, 12 ppt salinity treatment, and 15 ppt salinity treatment. The test fish used were Asian redtail catfish with an average size of 7.17±0.04 cm. Asian redtail catfish seeds were obtained from the Tibun Fish Seed Center, Kampar. The container used is an aquarium with a size of 60x40x40 cm. Research data shows that nine ppt salinity is the best for Asian redtail catfish osmoregulation of 0.5 mOsm/L H2O. The best cortisol hormone content is found at three ppt salinity, the lowest oxygen consumption is at three ppt salinity of 0.9 mgO2/g/hour, the best survival was found at three ppt salinity of 100%, and the growth in weight and length was in the three ppt treatment of 8.90 g and 2.04 cm. Water quality parameters include temperature 25-30oC and dissolved oxygen 5.04-8.04 ppm.
ANALYSIS OF MANGROVE FOREST ECOSYSTEM SUPPORT CAPACITY FOR DEVELOPMENT ECOTOURISM IN ANAK SETATAH VILLAGE, KEPULAUAN MERANTI REGENCY
Authors: Romida Zuwita , Yoswaty Dessy , Warningsih Trisla
Published: January 2024

This research was conducted from April 2022 to June 2022 in Anak Setatah Village, Meranti Islands Regency, Riau Province. This study aimed to analyze the carrying capacity of mangrove forest ecosystems, the level of participation, and the perceptions of local communities towards developing mangrove ecotourism in Anak Setatah Village. The method used in this research is the survey method, which is data collection by interview. The data collected consists of primary and secondary data. Preliminary data includes water quality measurement data, carrying capacity (area measurement, length of visit time, physical data of the area), general condition of the research location, questionnaires, and documentation. Secondary data came from journals on mangrove ecotourism potential. Then, the sampling of respondents was determined/selected purposively (purposive sampling). The results showed that the Anak Setatah Village mangrove ecotourism area had several activities: tracking, sitting, photography, and education. The calculation results of the area's carrying capacity in the mangrove ecotourism of Anak Setatah Village are 168 people/day. This means that the maximum number of visitors allowed to do tourist activities in mangrove ecotourism is 168 visitors per day, with the time provided by the manager for traveling being 12 hours. The perception of the Anak Setatah Village community shows promising results, with the IPR category strongly agreeing, and the mean count category is classified into a high category
PREVALENCE AND INTENSITY OF ECTOPARASITES IN GOLDFISH (Carassius auratus) AT MAJU MAPAN FARM, MAGELANG REGENCY
Authors: Qomariyah Destya Nurul , Sari Annisa Novita , Mujtahidah Tholibah
Published: January 2024

Goldfish (C. auratus) at Maju Mapan Farm is one of the leading ornamental fish commodities with a high mortality rate due to disease. For the reason, aim of this research is to know about type, and prevalence and intensity of ectoparasites in goldfish (C. auratus) at Maju Mapan Farm. The method in this research was random sampling for fish sampling 30 fish/pond. Type of parasites, parasites prevalence, parasites intensity were analyzed descriptively and describe of picture, tables, or graph. The result of this observation and identification showed that ectoparasites infected by goldfish at Maju Mapan Farm consisted of 3 type, Trichodina sp., Dactylogyrus sp., and Gyrodactylus sp. The type of ectoparasites that dominated both were Trichodina sp. (96,11%), Dactylogyrus sp. (3,61%) and Gyrodactylus sp. (0,28%). Prevalence of ectoparasites were Trichodina sp. (83,33%), Dactylogyrus sp.(43,33%), Gyrodactylus sp. (6,67%). Intensity of ectoparasites were Trichodina sp. (129 ind/fish), Dactylogyrus sp. (9 ind/fish), Gyrodactylus sp. (4 ind/fish). Trichodina sp. and Gyrodactylus sp.were commonly founded in mucus, while Dactylogyrus sp. only infected goldfish in gill organ. Prevalence dan intensity of ectoparasites were found in goldfish at Maju Mapan Farm had medium stage of infection. Measurement of water quality temperature, pH, and Dissolved Oxygen were showed not optimal result, and ammonia showed above threshold result. The result of measuring water quality parameters were not optimal caused ectoparasites to infect and multiply rapidly in goldfish at Maju Mapan Farm
PROFILE ERYTHROCYTES OF Oreochromis niloticus FED WITH HERBS FERMENTED AND INFECTED WITH Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Nurfitri Maya , Syawal Henni , Lukistyowati Iesje , Riauwaty Morina
Published: January 2024

Herbs Fermented consist of Kaempferia galanga L, Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb, and Curcuma domestica Val, which are environmentally friendly disease prevention alternatives that can be added to feed because they have several advantages, such as increasing appetite, digestion, growth, disease resistance, and reducing stress levels in fish. This research was carried out from August to December 2021 at the Marine Science Biotechnology Laboratory and Fish Parasites and Diseases Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau. This study aimed to obtain the best dose from adding fermented herbs to increase the immune system of Oreochromis niloticus and prevent diseases caused by Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria in terms of profile erythrocytes. The method used was an experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor, five levels of treatment, and three replications so that 15 experimental units were obtained. The challenge test was carried out on the 32nd day using A.hydrophila with a density of 108 CFU/mL. The best dose was found in P3 with a dose of 200 mL/kg of feed, which showed a total erythrocyte of 2.09x106 cells/mm3, hemoglobin level of 7.70 g/dL, hematocrit value of 37.70%, and a normal erythrocyte morphology. Water quality ranged from temperature 27-29oC, pH 6.9-7.2, DO 3.1-4.4 mg/L, and Ammonia 0.016-0.024 mg/L. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that fermented herbs can increase the immunity of O. niloticus to diseases caused by A.hydrophila.
CULTIVATION OF SEAWEED Caulerpa racemosa USING DIFFERENT SUBSTRATES ON A LABORATORY SCALE
Authors: Jayusri Jayusri , Nunik Cokrowati  , Diniarti Nanda
Published: January 2024

Caulepa racemosa is a type of sea grape from the group of green algae (Chlorophyceae) that can be found in Indonesian waters. Coastal communities use this species as a source of daily food. Besides being a food ingredient, C. racemosa can be used for medical purposes because it contains antioxidants. The distribution of C. racemosa and its density in waters depends on the type of substrate and season. The substrate in the cultivation container is an essential factor in cultivating C. racemosa. Various substrates have different characteristics and influence the growth of C. racemosa. This research aims to analyze the best substrate for the survival of seaweed on a laboratory scale. This research used an experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments, namely different substrates of sand, coral, volcanic rock, and coral sand. The results of this research are that different types of substrates have a real influence on the survival rate of C. racemosa cultivated on a laboratory scale. Sand substrate gave the best results: a survival rate of 112.83%, a final weight of 22.56 g, and the highest antioxidant content on volcanic rock substrate of 83.19%. This research concludes that differences in substrate directly influence the survival rate and final weight of C.racemosa. The substrate that provided the best survival rate of 112.83% was sand substrate
ANALYSIS OF COASTAL WATER QUALITY AT MARINE TOURISM SITES IN THE CITY OF SIBOLGA
Authors: Sihombing Kelvin , Harahap R Hamdani , Mulya Miswar Budi
Published: January 2024

Sibolga is one of the cities in North Sumatera Province that has outstanding marine tourism destinations, some of which include Pelabuhan Lama (Anggar) Beach and Ujung Sibolga Beach. The purpose of this research is to analyze the coastal water quality of marine tourism objects in Sibolga City. This research was conducted  from March to July 2023 at Pelabuhan Lama (Anggar) and Ujung Sibolga Beach. The assessment of water quality using the STORET method at Pelabuhan Lama (Anggar) Beach  obtained a total score of  -18 and Ujung Sibolga Beach  received a total score of -26. The total scores for both tourist sites fall  into class C with a moderate pollution category.
Determinants of NEPSE Index: Insights from ARDL Modeling
Authors: Gwachha Krishna Prasad , Karmacharya Sulochana
Published: January 2024

Background: The stock market, acting as an economic barometer, crucially influences a nation's development by gauging its financial stability. In contrast, sustainable stock market indices have become vital in assessing listed companies' long-term viability and ESG performance.

Objectives: The research aims to uncover the influence of various macroeconomic factors (GDP growth, inflation, broad money supply) and bank-specific indicators (bank stability, funding risk, interest rate) on the NEPSE index.

Methods: This study delves into the determinants shaping the NEPSE index in Nepal, utilizing the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model with annual time series data spanning from 1995 to 2022. The NEPSE index, as a measure of sustainable stock market performance, becomes crucial in understanding market dynamics. This study analyzes the impact of GDP growth, inflation, broad money supply (M2), and bank-specific indicators on the NEPSE index.

Results: The study found that the NEPSE index is positively influenced by GDP growth, broad money supply (M2), and bank stability (BSTAB). Policymakers are urged to focus on fostering GDP growth, implementing effective monetary policies, and enforcing robust banking regulations to create a conducive market atmosphere, thereby inspiring investor trust. Conversely, the study demonstrates that inflation and funding risk (FRISK) exert a negative and significant impact on the NEPSE index. Hence, policymakers and central banks are advised to closely monitor and manage these variables to ensure stability and investor confidence, thereby nurturing a healthy stock market environment.

Conclusion: There is a long-term equilibrium relationship between selected variables and the NEPSE index. Macroeconomic policies and bank-specific quality play an important role in the sustainable NEPSE index.

Implications: The outcomes of this research underscore the importance of maintaining stable inflation rates and effectively managing funding risks and interest rates. By doing so, regulators can facilitate a stable and conducive environment for stock market investments, encouraging economic growth and investor participation. These insights are invaluable for shaping effective policies and regulations, promoting a vibrant stock market, and fostering economic stability in Nepal.
The Russia and Turkey Factors in Hungary-Serbia Tandem’s Policies
Authors:   Postgraduate Student, Department of International Relations, Institute of International Relations, World Politics and Diplomacy Kazan Federal University, Islamov Damir R. , Akhmetkarimov Bulat G. ,   Associate Professor, Department of International Relations, Institute of International Relations, World Politics and Diplomacy, Kazan Federal University, Grishin Yakov Y. ,   Professor, Department of International Relations, Institute of International Relations, World Politics and Diplomacy, Kazan Federal University, Vagapova Firdaus G. ,   Associate Professor, Department of International Relations, Institute of International Relations, World Politics and Diplomacy, Kazan Federal University
Published: January 2024

Hungary and Serbia’s relations with other countries are based on the “partnership of necessity” concept. Initially, these countries drew closer together in search of ways to resolve the common problem of illegal migration, but gradually they deepened their cooperation. Russia’s special military operation in Ukraine gave a new impetus to the intensification of relations between Hungary and Serbia as both states were unwilling to fully share the EU’s sanctions policy towards Russia. Serbia tried to maneuver while Hungary struggled to get exemptions for itself from EU sanctions regulations. Also, the Hungary-Serbia tandem built two unofficial trilateral mechanisms with Austria and Republika Srpska, which have their own claims against the EU. In their efforts to maintain partnership with Russia and Turkey, Budapest and Belgrade are driven by the desire to minimize energy, trade, and economic risks for themselves and sustain a flexible centrist foreign policy course.
Legitimacy in the Era of Uncertainty
Authors:   Research Professor, Faculty of World Economy and International Affairs, National Research University– Higher School of Economics, Lukyanov Fyodor A. ,   Editor-in-Chief, Russia in Global Affairs
Published: January 2024

The resilience of national systems is becoming critical amid global instability. It depends on the authorities’ ability to win the public’s recognition of their right to govern, that is, secure their legitimacy. In holding elections, different state systems have one thing in common―they are highly manipulative in the legal, administrative, and media spheres.
As a Man Is, So Is His Company
Authors:   Acting Head of the Department of Applied International Political Analysis, MGIMO University, Istomin Igor A.
Published: January 2024

Amid its confrontation with the West, Moscow faces the pressing need to reexamine its approach to alliance-building. Currently Moscow has to foster low-profile countersanction alignments. Meanwhile, the prospect of an armed clash with the United States and NATO makes one think about alliances that would strengthen Russia’s conventional deterrence. Formalizing defense commitments with China becomes an important prerequisite for addressing the increasingly reckless Western coercion. The traditional counterarguments against a Russia-China alliance appear obsolete now that the U.S. directly designates Russia and China as adversaries, openly expands its military presence at their borders, gears up military buildup, and mobilizes its allies. For Russia, an alliance with China would diminish reliance on the threat of nuclear retaliation and increase flexibility of its deterrence posture.
A Holiday That Is No Longer Yours
Authors:   Senior Lecturer, Department of European Studies, St. Petersburg University, Chikhachev Alexei Yu. ,   Research Fellow, Laboratory of International Processes Analysis, MGIMO University
Published: January 2024

In the French Fifth Republic a new generation of the elite is being formed that has nothing of the foreign-policy experience of their predecessors. The same is also seen in Britain swept by frequent cabinet reshuffles. Yet in France this process is of larger scale.
Syria 20 Years After
Authors:   French diplomat, former Ambassador to Syria, Pascal Patrick
Published: January 2024

Europe sacrificed Damask, first for the sake of normalizing its transatlantic relations―after a disagreement with the U.S., and then for securing other regional ties. But Syria has its own value.
Climate vs Justice
Authors:   Analyst, Center for Comprehensive European and International Studies, National Research University– Higher School of Economics, Prokopchuk Yevgenia E.
Published: January 2024

The essential condition for gradual “green” transition is the availability of own mineral resources, which can serve as a safety cushion and give time to raise hydrocarbon-neutral technologies. America has such resources, Europe has not.
A Review on Properties and Applications of Fly Ash
Authors: Kundu Mousumi
Published: January 2024

This article is an overview on the key properties and applications of fly ash. Fly ash, a byproduct of coal combustion, possesses diverse properties that make it a valuable resource with various applications. The chemical composition of fly ash includes oxides and trace elements, influencing its suitability for different applications. Physical characteristics such as particle size distribution and density play crucial roles in determining its behavior in various environments. Fly ash is widely utilized in concrete production, enhancing both strength and durability. Its applications extend to agriculture, where it improves soil quality and enhances crop yields. Innovative applications, including nanomaterial synthesis and alternative construction materials, showcase the potential for future research and development in the field of fly ash utilization. This article highlights the multifaceted nature of fly ash, emphasizing its significance in both current applications and future trends.
Brand Awareness and Brand Association in Continuing Studies at Open and Distance Higher Education
Authors: Sediyaningsih Sri , Rachman Ace Sriati , Ardiasih Lidwina Sri , Wiradharma Gunawan , Arisanty Melisa
Published: January 2024

Distance Education has great potential to become a model for the world's future education. The rapid development of technology, the demands of the global professional world, as well as various extraordinary events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic which could recur at any time, are the main reasons for the need to implement distance education. Therefore, to maintain the existence of distance education, research is needed that can look at perceptions of brand equity, namely brand awareness and brand association with perceived quality. This research aims to explain how society accepts open and distance state colleges, particularly among students in Indonesia. The research subjects were 812 respondents obtained through probability sampling using multistage random sampling from three regions in Indonesia, namely Vocational High School Bina Warga Bandung representing western Indonesia, Public High School 16 Makassar representing Central Indonesia, and Public High School 1 Jayapura representing the eastern part of Indonesia. The results of the research show that there is a strong relationship between brand awareness and community brand association on the desire to continue studying at open and distance higher education institutions. This research providing recommendations for PTJJ should not only focus on promotion/marketing strategies to increase interest in continuing community studies at PTJJ but also focus on strategies that can increase brand equity.
Development of an ePortfolio Model to Support Professional Identity Formation
Authors: Fortner-Buczala Eleanor , Patel Krishani , Dearborn Makayla , Schmude Michelle , Adonizio Tanja , White Mark
Published: January 2024

Background:

Professional identity formation (PIF) fosters professionalism, which is 1 of 6 core competencies identified by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education and is a foundational part of medical education. Medical students who pursue longitudinal integration of their learnings with self-reflection and faculty feedback are likely to successfully develop the skills involved in PIF. Assessing matriculating medical students' understanding of PIF, its utility in their own development as physicians, and their knowledge in the use of an ePortfolio to support longitudinal professional growth provided the foundation used to develop ePortfolio models through the Delphi method.

Methods:

The key components addressed were organization, ease of use, and the ability to reflect and to track professional growth and program requirements.

Results:

Through this process, an optimal ePortfolio was identified and deployed in the Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine curriculum.

Conclusion:

We hypothesize that ePortfolios integrated into the curriculum and grounded in reflection and feedback can support professional education and the development of PIF.
A Qualitative Study on Mental Health Social Workers’ Experience with the Upward Influence of Trainees in Supervisory Relationship
Authors:   Korean Council on Social Welfare Education, Hur Lib , Kim Suyoung , Byun Eojin
Published: January 2024

This study explored the supervisory relationships in the training process of mental health social workers, focusing on the upward influence of trainees experienced by supervisors. To this end, in-depth interviews were conducted with 7 supervisors, and the data were analyzed using framework analysis. The findings showed that downward influence of the supervisors is based on the legitimacy of their position authorized by the institution, expertness as an experienced mental health social worker, and the close relationship with trainees. The supervisors not only exerted influence on the trainees, but also experienced the upward influence of the trainees as follows. First, supervisors recognized professional growth and the positive relationship with trainees as personal rewards for supervision. The upward influence of trainees secondly stems from their time-limited and ambiguous position free of responsibility. Thirdly, trainees' making own decisions by themselves tends to undermine their supervisors' expertness. Lastly, the relationship with other employees, including supervisors, enables trainees to influence their counterpart as well. Supervisors took the responsibilities for trainees’ growth in spite of limitations, and they became less motivated for the supervision without any rewards for their efforts. Resting on the results, support measures for supervisors were discussed.
Beam-column joint modeling effects on the seismic response of a non-ductile reinforced concrete building
Authors: Girgin Sadik Can , Misir Ibrahim Serkan , Polat Faruk
Published: January 2024

Seismic performance evaluation of existing reinforced concrete buildings requires numerical approaches that reflect the damage modes that may arise from deficiencies in beam-column joints. In this study, the seismic performance of an existing reinforced concrete building with four stories was investigated by applying elastic and deformable beam-column joint models. The deformable beam-column joint model was verified using an exterior non-ductile beam-column joint test. The model included a rotational spring located at the joint with two connected nodes in a zero-length with rigid elements in the vicinity of frame elements. Moment- rotation relationships represent the joint behavior, and they were defined based on shear stresses and strains. After effective modeling of beam-column joints, it was aimed to obtain the cyclic behavior of the building model using non-linear time history analysis. For this purpose, scaled earthquake records were applied to the three-dimensional numerical model, and the results were compared in terms of inter-storey drift ratios, column and beam chord rotations, and base shear. It was determined that the exterior beam-column joints reached their strength and deformation capacity, while the beam and columns remained below their section deformation limits according to the Turkish Earthquake Code.
Damage mechanisms of masonry structures: an observation after 19 November Erzurum-Köprüköy Earthquake
Authors: Kocaman İrfan
Published: January 2024

On November 21, 2021, a 5.1 magnitude earthquake occurred with its epicenter in Erzurum-Köprüköy. In the eastern part of our country, most of the building stock in rural areas and certain parts of city center is made up of masonry structures. Most of the masonry structures consist of rubble stone walls with very low tensile strength. These load bearing elements, which are exposed to out-of-plane and in-plane displacements due to earthquakes, can be easily damaged due to their low tensile strength and poor manufacturing. In this study, the damage mechanisms of the masonry structures in the villages of Alaca, Kayabaşı, Marifet, and Sarıtaş have been reported. As a result of field studies, damages are quite prevalent due to inadequate connections between load-bearing walls and roof. Additionally, the weak connection between the leaves of load-bearing walls and lack of connection in the junctions of the walls have contributed to the damages. he observed damages can be generally classified as the quality of workmanship/construction, inadequate material characteristics, weak load bearing walls, lack of proper connections, failure of unconfined or high gable walls, heavy earth roof. Many of the damaged structures have not adhered to regulatory recommendations and are buildings that did not receive engineering services.
Comparison of Qur'an Hadith Learning Results from TGT, Peer Tutoring, and STAD Models Based on School Background Factors
Authors: Muflihah Muflihah , Fitriani Fitriani , Rahayu Kariadinata  , Malik Adam , Rahmat Yadi
Published: January 2024

This research aims to compare the learning outcomes of Qur'an Hadith among three cooperative learning models, TGT, Peer Tutoring, and STAD, based on students' school backgrounds. This quantitative study used a comparative method to analyze data with SPSS 27 and the Two Way ANOVA test. The results revealed significant differences in Qur'an Hadith learning outcomes between students using the TGT model and those using Peer Tutoring, as well as between TGT and STAD (Sig.2-tailed < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in learning outcomes between Peer Tutoring and STAD (Sig.2-tailed > 0.05). There was also no significant difference based on students' school backgrounds (SD, MI) (Sig. > 0.05). Furthermore, there was no interaction between the Learning Model and School Background in determining students' Qur'an Hadith learning outcomes (Sig. > 0.05). Overall, TGT proved to be the most effective teaching model in enhancing students' Qur'an Hadith learning outcomes, while students' school backgrounds did not influence these results.
1D along-track pre-processing of the GOCE gravity gradients and nonlinear filtering of the radial components Vzz in spatial domain
Authors: ČUNDERLÍK Róbert , KOLLÁR Michal , MIKULA Karol
Published: January 2024

The paper presents pre-processing and nonlinear filtering of the GOCE gravity gradients (GGs) in spatial domain. At first, a multiple fully automatic 1D along-track pre-processing of the GOCE GGs in the gradiometer reference frame (GRF) is introduced. This tool is based on the nonlinear diffusion filtering in 1D while treating issues like a detection of ‘jumps’ in time series, outliers and unforeseen systematic tendencies. We focus on the 1D along-track pre-processing of the GOCE GGs in GRF for the last period of the GOCE satellite mission (from 2012-12-01 to 2013-10-19) that are later transformed into the local north-oriented frame (LNOF). Afterwards, the radial components Vzz are reduced on a reference surface chosen as a mean value of all altitudes of the GOCE satellite orbits from the processed period. Here they are filtered using the nonlinear diffusion filtering on a closed surface. Finally, a grid of the filtered radial components Vzz in LNOF on the reference surface is obtained.