bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated physiological and comparative proteomics analysis of contrasting genotypes of pearl millet reveals underlying salt-responsive mechanisms
Authors: Jha Shweta , Maity Sudipa , Chouhan Chaya , Singh Jawahar , Ambatipudi Kiran
Published: January 2024

Salinity stress poses a significant risk to agricultural yield and
productivity. Therefore, elucidation of plant salt-response mechanisms
has become essential to identify stress-tolerance genes. In the present
study, two pearl millet genotypes with contrasting salt-tolerance showed
differential morpho-physiological and proteomic responses under 150 mM
NaCl, and the genotype IC 325825 could withstand salt-stress better than
IP 17224. The salt-tolerance potential of IC 325825 was associated with
its ability to maintain ionic, osmotic balance and membrane integrity
under stress. The IC 325825 exhibited better growth under salinity as
compared to IP 17224 due to higher expression of C4 photosynthesis
enzymes, efficient antioxidant system, and lower Na+/K+ ratio.
Comparative proteomics analysis revealed greater metabolic perturbation
in IP 17224 under salinity, in contrast to IC 325825 that harboured
pro-active stress-responsive machinery, allowing its survival and better
adaptability under salt-stress. The differentially-expressed proteins
were in-silico characterized for their functions,
subcellular-localization, pathway/ interaction analysis, and relative
transcript levels. This study has provided novel insights into salinity
stress adaptive mechanisms in pearl millet, demonstrating the power of
proteomics-based approaches. The critical proteins identified in the
present study could be further explored as potential objects for
increasing salt-tolerance in sensitive crop plants.
What is Cognition? An evolutionary perspective
Authors: Faghani Vida , Sahraee Mona , Sarkesh Fatemeh , Katouzian Ahmad Reza
Published: January 2024

Cognitive ability is defined as a mechanism that animals acquire,
process, store, and act based on the information they have received from
the environment. The process includes perception, acquisition,
memorization, and decision making. In other words, the brain is the most
important center of cognitive processing, which has undergone many
changes in structure, size, neuronal pathways, effective hormones, etc.
In this paper, we reviewed data on the role and effect of these factors
on different groups of invertebrates and vertebrates. Also, it has been
reviewed how they are involved in cognitive processes. The brain size
and the density of the neurons vary noticeably across invertebrates and
vertebrates clades. It seems the evolution of brain size is firmly
correlated to the evolution of cognition. Generally, species with larger
brains and more neurons demonstrated more complex cognitive behaviors
except in certain taxa. Besides, hormonal-mediated events have a crucial
role in the central nervous system. It shows the changes in cognitive
function correlate with different kinds of hormones and chemicals. We
provided an insight into the interrelationship between different
telencephalon regions and cognitive functions. We compared how different
areas in the brain change the cognitive abilities in different clades of
animals, including invertebrates and vertebrates taxa. Also, we reviewed
invertebrates’ nervous systems in a separate section because of the
substantial discrepancy.
Immune thrombocytopenia secondary to COVID-19 infection: Report of two cases and review of the literature.
Authors: Behlivani Evangelia , Tragiannidis Athanasios , Hatzipantelis Emmanuel , Panagopoulou Paraskevi
Published: January 2024

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is well described in children and commonly
associated to recent viral infections. We present a 15-year-old male and
a 3.5-year-old female with ITP secondary to COVID-19. Both patients
presented with bruises, epistaxis and low platelet count. Both were
successfully treated with a single dose of intravenous immunoglobulin.
They had a history of asymptomatic (the first) and mild (the second),
molecularly confirmed, COVID-19 infection three and five weeks prior to
thrombocytopenia respectively, raising the possibility of a causal
association between SAR-COV-2 and ITP. This linkage is rare and remains
a field to be further explored.
Magnesium supplementation may not be protective against carboplatin induced nephrotoxicity but may be beneficial for children suffering malignancies : a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Eghbali Aigin , Ghaffari Kazem , Eghbali Aziz , Alizade marzie , Absalan Abdorahim , afzal roghaye rahimi
Published: January 2024

Background: Magnesium oxide is proposed to be effective in prevention of
nephrotoxic impact of carboplatin therapy. The aim was to evaluate the
magnesium oxide supplementation effect on serum creatinine, blood urea
nitrogen (BUN) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in cancerous
children. Methods: 18 children were treated with 250 mg/day magnesium
oxide and other 18 children with placebo for 14 days before onset of
carboplatin chemotherapy based on the routine protocols in oncology.
Serum creatinine (Cr), BUN and GFR were measured and compared before, on
day 3 and 7 of magnesium carboplatin therapy. Results: There were 7
(38.89%) and 12 (66.67%) male patients in treatment and control
groups, respectively. Serum Cr and BUN were increased significantly 3
and 7 days after intervention in both groups. There was an insignificant
difference for serum Cr and BUN between treatment and control groups
before intervention, 3 days or 7 days after carboplatin administration
onset (p> 0.05). The GFR was reduced significantly from
101.38±14.67 to 90.11±10.52 mL/min/1.73m² in treatment and from
97.5±9.71 to 92.33±10.61 mL/min/1.73m² in control group. After 7 days
the GFR was reduced to 84.11±12.47 mL/min/1.73m² in treatment and
85.38±10.66 mL/min/1.73m² in control group (p= 0.371). Conclusion:
Current study shows that magnesium supplementation did not prevent
carboplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in cancerous children. Anyway, we
propose magnesium oxide supplementation for such patients considering
this fact that magnesium in an essential element for cell and tissue
growth, maintenance and metabolism.
Commercialized kits to assess T-cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 S peptides
Authors: Gallo Monica Martinez , Esperalba-Esquerra Juliana , Pujol-Borrell Ricardo , Sanda Victor , Arrese-Muñoz Iria , Fernandez-Naval Candela , Anton-Pagarolas Andres , Cardona Victoria , Labrador-Horrillo Moises , Pumarola-Suñe Tomas , Hernandez-Gonzalez Manuel
Published: January 2024

Background: There is an urgent need to assess the levels of protection
generated by natural infection or SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, especially in
individuals professionally exposed. Measuring T-cell responses may
complement antibody tests currently in use as correlates of protection.
Our aim was to assess the feasibility of a validated assay of T-cell
responses applicable to large number of samples. Methods: Twenty
health-care-workers (HCW) were included. Antibody test to SARS-CoV-2 N
and S-proteins in parallel with a commercially available
whole-blood-interferon-gamma-release-assay (IGRA) to S-peptides and two
detection methods, CLIA and ELISA were determined. Results: IGRA test
detected T-cell responses in naturally exposed and vaccinated HCW
already after first vaccination dose. The correlation by the two
detection methods was very high (R>0.9) and sensitivity and
specificity ranged between 100 and 86% and 100-73% respectively. Even
though there was a very high concordance between antibody and the IGRA
assay in the ability to detect immune response to SARS-CoV-2, there was
a relatively low quantitative correlation. In the small group primed by
natural infection, one vaccine dose was sufficient to reach immune
response plateau. IGRA was positive in one, with Ig(S) antibody negative
vaccinated immunosuppressed HCW illustrating another advantage of the
IGRA-test. Conclusion: Whole-blood-IGRA-tests amenable to automation and
constitutes a promising additional tool for measuring the state of the
immune response to SARS-CoV-2; they are applicable to large number of
samples and may become a valuable correlate of protection to COVID-19,
particularly for
Factors associated with drug consumption without scientific evidence in patients with mild coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in Peru
Authors: Soriano-Moreno David , Fernandez-Guzman Daniel , Sangster-Carrasco Lucero , Quispe-Vicuña Carlos , Grados-Espinoza Pamela , Ccami-Bernal Fabricio , Morocho-Alburqueque Noelia , Coba-Villan Naomi , Velasquez-Fernandez Randy , Nieto-Gutiérrez Wendy
Published: January 2024

Objective: To evaluate the factors associated with the consumption of
drugs without scientific evidence in patients with mild COVID-19
infection in Peru. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study in a
Peruvian population. Patients older than 18 years of age and with a
history of mild COVID-19 disease were included. Factors associated with
drug consumption were evaluated by Poisson regressions with robust
variance adjustment using the bootstrapping resampling method. Results:
Of 372 included participants with history of COVID-19 (75% young, 60%
female), 72% consumed some medication without scientific evidence, with
antibiotics (71%) and ivermectin for human use (68%) being the most
commonly used. Factors associated with the consumption of drugs to treat
mild COVID-19 infection were thinking that the drugs are not effective
(PRa:0.55; 95% CI:0.41-0.74) and not being informed about the efficacy
of the drugs (PRa:0.48; 95% CI:0.36-0.65). When evaluating the
consumption of the most commonly used drugs, thinking that they are not
effective and not being informed about their efficacy were associated
with lower consumption of both antibiotics and ivermectin. Likewise,
belonging to the lower social class and residing in the jungle region
were associated with higher consumption of antibiotics and ivermectin,
respectively. Conclusion: More than 70% of the participants reported
some consumption of medications to treat mild COVID-19 infection, with
antibiotics and ivermectin being the most commonly used. Thinking that
medications are ineffective and being uninformed on the subject were
associated with lower medication consumption.
A fraudulent study on the breeding biology of the endangered Basra Reed-Warbler Acrocephalus griseldis
Authors: Dijk Klaas van
Published: January 2024

Background: Fraudulent studies in peer-reviewed journals are
contaminating the academic record. They therefore need to be retracted.
This article examines allegations of fraud in a field study on the
breeding biology of the Basra Reed-Warbler Acrocephalus griseldis, an
endangered bird species which is almost exclusively breeding in Iraq.
Methods: The study was published in July 2013 in ‘Zoology in the Middle
East’, a peer-reviewed journal of publisher Taylor & Francis (TF). The
journal was informed in September 2013 that the study was not based on
valided facts. TF is since 2016 in the possession of two reports with
investigations about the veracity of the study. I present and discuss,
(a) the main findings of both reports, (b) relevant information
collected later on, and (c) comments from stakeholders and others on (a)
and (b). Results: Numerous efforts in 2015-2021 to get the raw research
data were unsuccessful. There is no evidence that they exist. Several
experts have confirmed that the study is based on fraud. TF, the journal
and others have not provided experts with opposing views. TF, the
journal and others have not provided rebuttals of the main findings of
both reports. The first author, responsible for collecting all field
data, has indicated that he is willing to retract the study.
Conclusions: The Basra Reed-Warbler study is based on fraud and
publisher TF does not take its responsibility to maintain the integrity
of the academic record. The present article highlights the wish of many
scientists that it becomes mandatory for all articles in all Web of
Science journals that the raw data are available for all readers.
The IL-15 and IL-8 Axis as a Novel Mechanism for Recurrent Chronic Rhino-Sinusitis with Nasal Polyps
Authors: Fang Kai-Min , Chiu Yen-Ling , Hong Ruo-Wei , Cheng Ping-Chia , Cheng Po-Wen , Liao Li-Jen
Published: January 2024

Background: Prevention of postoperative recurrence after endoscopic
sinus surgery (ESS) relies on targeting specific pathological mechanisms
according to individuals’ immunological profiles. However, essential
biomarkers and biological characteristics of difficult-to-treat chronic
rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients are not well clarified. Objective: To
explore the immunologic profiles of subgroups of CRS patients and
determine specific cytokines responsible for recalcitrant or recurrent
CRS with nasal polyposis (rCRSwNP). Methods: We used 30-cytokine
antibody arrays to determine key cytokines related to recurrent
polypogenesis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) experiments
were conducted to assess levels of these key cytokines in 78 patients.
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) isolated from nasal polyps were
challenged with specific cytokines to examine levels of enhanced
interleukin (IL)-8 production. Finally, we used immunohistochemistry
(IHC) staining to check for the presence and distribution of the
biomarkers within nasal polyps. Results: A cytokine antibody array
revealed that IL-8, IL-13, IL-15, and IL-20 were significantly higher in
the recalcitrant CRSwNP group. Subsequent ELISA screening showed a
stepwise increase in tissue IL-8 levels in the CHR, CRSsNP and CRSwNP
groups. PMNs isolated from 9 CRSwNP cases all demonstrated enhanced IL-8
production after IL-15 treatment. IHC staining labeled concurrent IL-8
and IL-15 expression in areas of prominent neutrophil infiltration.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that IL-15 within the sinonasal mucosa
plays a crucial role in promoting IL-8 secretion by infiltrating PMNs in
recalcitrant nasal polyps. In addition, we propose a novel therapeutic
strategy targeting the anti-IL-15/IL-8 axis in treating CRS with nasal
polyposis.
Impact of corticosteroid use in COVID-19 infection: A rapid clinical review
Authors: Afshar Zeinab Mohseni , Barary Mohammad , Ebrahimpour Soheil , Hasanpour Amirhossein , Janbakhsh Alireza , Sayad Babak , Babazadeh Arefeh
Published: January 2024

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by infecting with the
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that was
recognized in late December 2019 in Wuhan, China. As the infection
spread and rapidly becomes a global pandemic, effective therapy is
urgently needed against the new coronavirus due to the increased
morbidity and mortality rates. Based on this aspect, several therapeutic
options have been explored, one of which is corticosteroids. Though the
application of corticosteroids in treating COVID-19 remains
controversial, this review aimed to evaluate and describe the
effectiveness and safety of corticosteroids in the management of
COVID-19.
Structure prediction and protein-ligand interaction of lectin from rice bean (Vigna umbellata)
Authors: Katoch Rajan , Tripathi Ankur , Hallan Vipin , Purohit Ritu Raj
Published: January 2024

Lectins are an important group of multivalent glycoproteins having the
property of selectively recognizing and precipitating glycoconjugates.
Although lectins have been reported from diverse biological sources,
legume lectins is the best-characterized family of plant lectins. We
have successfully cloned and sequenced the RbL ORF of 843bp from
immature rice bean seeds (Vigna umbellata). We report the results of in
silico analysis of novel lectin precursor of 280 amino acids from rice
bean. BlastP analysis revealed more than 90% sequence similarity of RbL
protein with Vigna angularis lectin and Vigna aconitifolia lectin.
ProtParam analysis revealed acidic, stable and hydrophobic nature of RbL
protein. Template based 3D structure of RbL protein was modeled using
I-TASSER tool and validated as good quality model. Structural analysis
revealed the presence of β-sandwich (Jelly roll fold or lectin fold) in
modeled RbL. The protein was functionally annotated as a plant defense
protein. Molecular docking was performed to analyze interactions of RbL
protein with predicted ligands (N-acetyl-D-glucosamine β-galactose,
Lactose and Adenine) and two selected ligands (Glucose and Mannose).
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of RbL-ligand complexes confirmed
robust hydrogen bonding interactions between ligands and RbL protein.
The novel information generated in the study would be useful in
exploring RbL protein for different biomedical and biotechnological
applications.
Flood Detection in Malawi Before and After Cyclone Idai by Multi-temporal Sentinel-1 SAR Imagery
Authors: Xue Sihan , Geng Xupu , Yan Xiao-Hai , Lv Suna , Hu Liping
Published: January 2024

Tropical cyclone (TC) Idai landing twice in March 2019 had made great
losses to Malawi and surrounding countries. Before the TC Idai landed,
Malawi had already experienced heavy rainfall since January. In order to
observe this disaster situation, 17 images of Sentinel-1 Synthetic
Aperture Radar (SAR) from 13 January 2019 to 19 April 2019 are used here
to estimate the flooding extent based on change detection. Results show
that the flooding area varied from 315 to 622 km2, arable land suffered
most, and for the percentage of flooding area the urban area suffered
most. This demonstrates obviously that the TC Idai may cause great
agricultural losses and make many people homeless. For flood detection,
SAR has shown much more powerful that optical sensors for its ability of
all-weather and all-day.
What is the potential of Lumacaftor as a chemical chaperone in promoting hERG trafficking？
Authors: Zheng Zequn , LIAN Jiangfang
Published: January 2024

Lumacaftor (LUM), approved by the FDA for the treatment of cystic
fibrosis(CF), has shown great therapeutic potential in protein
conformational diseases. As a chemical chaperone, LUM corrects the
F508del CFTR mutation and increases the expression of chloride channels
on the alveolar cell membrane. After Mehta et al’s research, the
selectivity of LUM has been challenged. In human induced pluripotent
stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs), LUM has been also
confirmed to be effective against heterozygous mutants (type II
mutations) that cause cardiac hERG protein trafficking defects, which
can clinically lead to long QT syndrome type 2 (LQT2). The effect of LUM
in hERG protein reverses the clinical phenotype of LQT2. Recent studies
have shown that LUM has an effect on more similar mutants in the
hiPSC-CMs cells rather than heterologous TSA201 cells, among which may
lead to more severe clinical phenotypes. Besides, comparing the negative
effects of LUM in other hERG mutants and the different effects on
mutations at the same site, what is the therapeutic potential and
stereoselectivity of LUM for protein conformational diseases? And what
this therapeutic effect should be attributed to requires further
understanding.
Nonparametric identification of batch process using two-dimensional kernel-based Gaussian process regression
Authors: Chen Minghao , Xu Zuhua , Zhao Jun , Zhu Yucai , Shao Zhijiang
Published: January 2024

In this work, a two-dimensional (2D) kernel-based Gaussian process
regression (GPR) method for the identification of batch process is
proposed. Under the GPR framework, the estimate of the time-varying
impulse response is a realization from a zero-mean Gaussian process
(GP), wherein the kernel function encodes the possible structural
dependencies. However, the existing kernels designed for system
identification are one-dimensional (1D) kernels and underutilize the 2D
data information of batch process. Utilizing the 2D correlation property
of batch process impulse response, we propose the amplitude modulated 2D
locally stationary kernel by means of addition / multiplication
operation based on coordinate decomposition. Then, a nonparametric
identification method using 2D kernel-based GPR for batch process is
developed. Furthermore, the properties of the proposed 2D kernel are
analyzed. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed
identification method in two examples.
Inoculation with natural microbial suspension and phytate amendment as sole source of phosphorus increased soybean growth and shifted microbial community structure
Authors: Ahmed Bulbul , Floc'h Jean-Baptiste , Lahrach Zakaria , Hijri Mohamed
Published: January 2024

Phytate represents an organic pool of phosphorus in soil that require
hydrolysis by phytase enzymes produced by microorganisms prior to its
bioavailability by plants. We hypothesize that in a greenhouse trail on
soybean plants inoculated or non-inoculated with a microbial suspension
made from an age-old maple forest’s undisturbed soil mineralize phytate.
MiSeq Amplicon sequencing targeting bacterial 16S rRNA gene and fungal
ITS was performed to assess microbial community changes following
treatments. Our results showed that soybean nodulation and shoot dry
weight biomass increased when phytate was applied to the nutrient-poor
substrate mixture. Bacterial and fungal diversities of the root and
rhizosphere biotopes were relatively resilient following inoculation by
microbial suspension; however, bacterial community structure was
significantly influenced. Interestingly, four arbuscular mycorrhizal
fungi (AMF) were identified as indicator species, including Glomus sp.,
Claroideoglomus etunicatum, Funneliformis mosseae and an unidentified
AMF taxon. We also observed that an ericoid mycorrhizal taxon Sebacina
sp. and three Trichoderma spp. were among indicator species.
Non-pathogenic Planctobacteria members highly dominated the bacterial
community as core and hub taxa for over 80% of all bacterial datasets
in root and rhizosphere biotopes. Overall, our study documented that
inoculation with a microbial suspension and phytate amendment improved
soybean plant growth.
Effectiveness of two different methods on the perceived pain and satisfaction during intramuscular antibiotic injection: ShotBlocker and Local Vibration
Authors: Savcı Cemile , Özkan Burcu , Açıksarı Kurtuluş , Solakoğlu Görkem Alper
Published: January 2024

Aims: The aim of the study is to examine the effectiveness of
ShotBlocker and local vibration on the perceived pain and satisfaction
during ventrogluteal intramuscular antibiotic injection. Background: In
intramuscular injection applications different methods such as
ShotBlocker and local vibration are used to reduce the pain caused by
injection and increase the individual’s satisfaction. Design and Method:
It is a randomized controlled experimental study. The sample of the
study consisted of 100 patients (32 in vibration group, 35 in
ShotBlocker group, 33 in control group) who applied to the adult
emergency clinic for antibiotic (amoxicillin/cefuroxime sodium)
injection between February-March 2021. Research data was collected using
the Structured Information Form created by the researchers, VAS for Pain
and VAS for Satisfaction. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. All
results were considered meaningful at p <0.05 with a
confidence interval of 95%. CONSORT statement was followed for
reporting. Results: After the intramuscular antibiotic injection, a
significant difference was found between the groups in terms of the mean
scores of VAS for Pain and VAS for Injection Satisfaction (p
<0.001). It was revealed that the lowest pain level was
perceived by the patients who underwent local vibration (3.02±1.07) and
the highest pain level was perceived by the control group (7.09±0.94).
It was also determined that the highest satisfaction level was seen in
the patients with local vibration (7.80±0.90) and the lowest one was in
the control group (4.93±1.93). Conclusion: It was determined that local
vibration application was more effective in reducing the pain that
occurs during intramuscular antibiotic injection, and local vibration
and ShotBlocker application were an effective methods in increasing
satisfaction.
A 56-year-old man with coarctation of the aorta with refractory hypertension
Authors: Deng Jian-Ying
Published: January 2024

A 56-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for a complain of
headache with a history of one week. He had a history of hypertension
for more than 30 years, but his blood pressure was not well controlled
with medication. After admission, it was found that his blood pressure
of the lower limbs was obvious lower than that of the upper limbs.
Further chest CT examination revealed that his descending aorta was
severely stenosis with calcification, which may be account for his high
blood pressure in upper limbs. After careful evaluation of the patient’s
condition, we finally adopted interventional therapy and achieved good
results. After operation, the patient’s upper limbs blood pressure
returned to normal, and the blood pressure gradient difference between
the upper and lower limbs disappeared.
CAN TOPICAL NASAL STEROID PREVENT the LOSS of SMELL in COVID-19?
Authors: Timurkaan Mustafa , Yıldırım Yavuz Sultan Selim
Published: January 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of nasal
steroid use on the loss of smell in patients with Covid-19. Material and
Method: 211 patients diagnosed with Covid-19 with positive PCR tests
between April 2020 and December 2020 and followed up and treated in the
Elazig City Hospital Pandemic Clinic were included in this
cross-sectional study. The demographic data, comorbidities and drug use
histories of the patients were interviewed face-to-face and recorded.
Findings: The average age of the patients was 53.55 ± 17.81 (129 men, 82
women). Regarding the age, gender and comorbidities of the patients,
there was no difference between the groups with and without loss of
smell in terms of average age and gender. Anosmia developed in 50
patients (23.5%) and hyposmia developed in 84 patients (40%). No
decrease or loss of sense of smell was observed in 77 patients. 26 of
these patients were using nasal steroids at the time of diagnosis, and
none of them had a decrease or loss in sense of smell. Results: With the
results of the study, it has presented for the first time to the
literature that the use of nasal steroids can prevent the loss of smell,
which is one of the common neurological symptoms in Covid-19. The
results of our study suggest that the nasal steroid, which plays an
immunomodulatory role, can be a shield against loss of smell by creating
a local anti-inflammatory effect in the nasal mucosa and around the
olfactory nerve.
The normalized Laplacians spectrum and characteristic parameters of a class of irregular networks
Authors: Liu Jia-bao , Zheng Qian , Cao Jinde
Published: January 2024

The normalized Laplacian plays an indispensable role in exploring the
structural properties of irregular graphs. Let $L_{n}^{8,4}$
represents a linear octagonal-quadrilateral network. Then, by
identifying the opposite lateral edges of $L_{n}^{8,4}$, we
get the corresponding M\”{o}bius graph
$MQ_{n}(8,4)$. In this paper, starting from the decomposition
theorem of polynomials, we infer that the normalized Laplacian spectrum
of $MQ_{n}(8,4)$ can be determined by the eigenvalues of two
symmetric quasi-triangular matrices
$\mathcal{L}_{A}$ and
$\mathcal{L}_{S}$ of order $4n$. Nextly, owning
to the relationship between the two matrix roots and the coefficients
mentioned above, we derive the explicit expressions of the
degree-Kirchhoff indices and the complexity of $MQ_{n}(8,4)$.
The changes in active and nutritional ingredients of Pinellia Ternata ingested by pheasant
Authors: Shen Yu-Xiao , Li Minghui , Chen Ying , Xu Xihang , Chu Jianzhou , Yao Xiaoqin
Published: January 2024

The article studied the changes of active and nutritional ingredients of
Pinellia Ternata ingested by a pheasant. In the process of field
experiment, it was accidentally found that pheasants liked to feed on P.
ternata bulbil. To understand the effects of pheasant feeding on P.
ternata, an experiment was designed immediately after pheasant feeding.
The results showed that the contents of alkaloid, β-sitosterol,
Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, soluble sugar, free amino acid,
and soluble protein in aboveground bulbil and tubers of P. ternata were
significantly increased by pheasant ingestion. The secondary metabolites
(except for alkaloids) and nutrients in the underground bulbil of P.
ternata were significantly decreased after pheasant ingestion.
Comprehensive analysis showed that the active and nutritional components
in tubers and bulbils of P. ternata were affected by pheasant ingestion.
The effect of nursing quality on orthopaedic surgery with fixed care teams in the operating room
Authors: Zhong Huaying , Zhou Limin , Liao Shaoling , Tang Jing , Yue Liqun , Mo Meizhen , Zhong yiyue
Published: January 2024

Purpose: The work value of operating room (OR) nurses is directly
reflected in the nursing quality are identified. However, there is not
enough evidence to evaluate the work value for those. This study aims to
evaluate the impact of fixed care teams for nursing quality in the OR.
Methods: This study was conducted from July 2015 - June 2018 in
Zhanjiang, China. The nursing quality indicators used in the operating
room were those defined by Li-Hua Huang in China, which included 23
nursing-sensitive quality indicators. Data were collected through a
survey of the registry systems of the operating room, nosocomial
infection departments, quality control departments and electronic
medical records. The primary end point was the rate of surgical site
infections during in-hospital visits, and other nursing-sensitive
quality indicators were also assessed with historically controlled data.
Results: This study included 8392 surgical patients who were observed
over three years. The period with fixed care teams in the operating room
demonstrated a reduction in turnover time (OR 3.405, 95% 2.760-4.210,
P<0.0001), a reduction in surgical site infections (OR 0.559,
95% 0.333-0.927, P=0.0231), and a significant improvement in team
satisfaction (OR 0.067, 95% 0.0385-0.096, P=0.0017). We did not find
significant differences between the period with and without fixed care
teams in terms of other indicators. Conclusion: The use of fixed care
teams in the operating room reduced turnover time and surgical site
infections in orthopaedic surgery and improved team satisfaction.
Whether fixed care teams are effective needs further research in other
professional operating room settings. Clinical relevance: These findings
contribute to leadership development for Operating Room Nursing and
Operating Room Leaders, and improved patient outcomes, while aiming at
improved surgery service delivery and guiding of hospital policies and
reforms.
Harnessing Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)- expressing Treg to treat autoimmune related disorders
Authors: Kahmini Fatemeh Rezaei , shahgaldi shahab
Published: January 2024

Cellular therapy with regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) has attracted
much attention in recent years due to their unique suppression
properties. This feature makes them an ideal candidate to treat
autoimmune related disorders. In recent years there are many studies
that investigated the therapeutic effect of adaptive transfer of Treg in
autoimmune disease. However, the results of these studies strongly
suggest that antigen-specific Tregs have more superior beneficial effect
compared to polyclonal Tregs. So, harnessing chimeric antigen receptor
(CAR) technology to create antigen-specific engineered Treg that showed
the ability to effectively migrate to damaged tissue and act more
specifically to target antigens might hold great hope for treating
autoimmune related disorders. In this mini-review, we discuss the
potential of CAR-Treg to induce immune tolerance and their potential
applications to treat autoimmune related disorders. And then we
highlight the major challenges that should be addressed before clinical
application.
PROLONGED COVID-19 INFECTION IN A CHILD WITH LYMPHOBLASTIC NON HODGKIN LYMPHOMA: WHICH IS THE BEST MANAGEMENT?
Authors: Gattuso Giovanna , Schiavello Elisabetta , Oltolini Chiara , Biassoni Veronica , Terenziani Monica , Chiaravalli Stefano , Podda Marta , Meazza Cristina , Luksch Roberto , Ferrari Andrea , Casanova Michela , Sironi Giovanna , Bergamaschi Luca , Puma Nadia , Spreafico Filippo , Massimino Maura
Published: January 2024

During SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, oncologists manage patients at higher risk
of having a severe course of this infection. This raises new questions
about their correct management, as well as the difficulty of
distinguishing tumor/treatments complications from those related to
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We report a case of an 11 year-old
boy undergoing treatment for T cell lymphoblastic lymphoma who
experienced a prolonged SARS-CoV-2 infection. Oncological therapy was
continued without significant changes compared to the initially planned
treatment. No relevant complications occurred. COVID-19 convalescent
plasma (CP) was administered, resulting in a positive antibody titer
after 24 days.
Call for society to be aware of Vibrio cholerae from aquatic animals
Authors: yang yibin , ai xiaohui , chen yuhua
Published: January 2024

Cholera is an ancient and widespread infectious disease, mainly
manifested as severe vomiting, diarrhea, water loss, and high mortality.
It belongs to the group of international quarantine infectious diseases,
and Vibrio cholerae is the pathogen of human cholera. Since 1817,
there have been seven global cholera pandemics, which have caused
hundreds of millions of human deaths. The cause of these cholera
epidemics is highly complex; how it spreads globally and the reason for
seasonal epidemic peaks in epidemic areas remains unclear. Most sporadic
outbreaks of cholera are related to aquatic products or related water
bodies.
Proteomics profiling to distinguish DOCK8 deficiency from atopic dermatitis
Authors: Jacob Minnie , Masood Afshan , Shinwari Zakia , Jabbar Mai Abdel , Al-Mousa Hamoud , Alsaud Bander , Arnout Rand , Dasouki Majed , Alaiya Ayodele , Rahman Anas Abdel
Published: January 2024

Background: DOCK8 deficiency is an autosomal recessive form of
hyperimmunoglobulinemia E syndrome (HIES). Severe atopic dermatitis (AD)
shares with DOCK8 deficiency some clinical symptoms, including eczema,
eosinophilia, and increased serum IgE levels. The deficiency of DOCK8
protein is potentially a life-threatening autosomal recessive HIES and
only curable with bone marrow transplantation. Despite identified
metabolomics and cytokine biomarkers, novel proteomics biomarkers need
to be identified, as the connecting networks are critical to our
understanding of this disease. Hence we performed serum proteomic
profiling using LC-MSE. Method: Label-free untargeted proteomics
analysis was used to identify potentially reliable, sensitive, and
specific protein biomarkers in serum collected from DOCK8 (n=10), AD
(n=9) patients compared to healthy control groups (n=5). Results: From a
total of 275 quantifiable proteins, binary comparisons between AD vs.
Ctrl, DOCK8 vs. Ctrl, and DOCK8 vs. AD revealed 109,105 and 85
dysregulated proteins, respectively. 24 of the 85 proteins were specific
potential biomarkers among the DOCK8 and AD groups. The sensitivity and
specificity of some proteins, including Claspin, Immunoglobulin kappa,
and heavy complement components as potential biomarkers to distinguish
between DOCK8 and AD patients, were evaluated using the receiver
operating characteristic curve. DOCK8 deficiency and AD groups’
profiling revealed a shared role of ERK1/2 among the commonly
dysregulated proteins. Conclusion: Herein, we have identified potential
proteomics biomarkers and profile to distinguish between DOCK8 and AD,
with possible diagnostic and therapeutic applications to help create
effective interventions for managing these diseases. Further studies to
confirm these associations in prospective cohorts are warranted
Association between serum zonulin level and severity of house dust mite allergic asthma
Authors: Baioumy Shereen , Ibrahim Shereen , Elgendy Aya , Fouad Shaimaa
Published: January 2024

Background: Increased intestinal permeability, either due to the
exposure to antigens in asthmatic patients or due to a barrier defect,
play a critical role in susceptibility to environmental allergens. House
dust mites allergy occurs more commonly than any other allergens among
Egyptian asthmatic patients. Aim: To assess the relation between serum
zonulin level as a marker of increased intestinal permeability and the
severity of house dust mites allergic asthma. Methods: A case control
study which included 96 subjects attending the allergy and immunology
unit, microbiology and immunology department, Faculty of medicine,
Zagazig University. They were divided into 48 house dust mites allergic
asthma and 48 healthy control subjects. Results: On comparing the 2
studied groups, there was a statistically significant difference between
the 2 groups concerning serum IgE and serum zonulin levels ( p=0.000,
0.000 respectively)The mean serum zonulin was equal to 258.3±153.01
ng/ml in the asthmatic group and 80±13 ng/ml in the control group. Serum
zonulin level significantly increased with the increase of asthma
severity (p˂0.001). The cut off value of serum zonulin was ≥ 198 ng/ml,
and the area under the curve was 0.76. It displayed sensitivity equal to
80% and specificity equal to 71.4%. Its negative predictive value was
equal to 83.3%. Conclusion: Intestinal barrier dysfunction contributes
in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. Serum zonulin level reflects an
increase in intestinal permeability and acts as prognostic factor of
severity in Asthma. Correction of the gut barrier defect may be an
additional novel approach for Asthma.
Clinical Characteristics of 30 Chinese Patients with Asymptomatic Infections with a European Strain of SARS-CoV-2 Returning from Africa
Authors: Wen Xue , Zhang Minyu , Zhang Meiling , Wang Xin , Yang Yanjie , Wang Aiguo , Yu Wenhai , Yu Lixin , Lu Liming , Liang Jing , Wang Tianyi
Published: January 2024

Background: COVID-19 is an acute infectious respiratory disease caused
by SARS-CoV-2. It has caused many deaths worldwide. Asymptomatic
patients may be as infectious as symptomatic patients, but they are
harder to identify. It is difficult for asymptomatic patients to realize
that they have been infected and seek medical treatment in a timely
manner, which poses challenges to virus prevention and control measures.
Methods: This study reports 30 asymptomatic Chinese COVID-19 patients
from the same road engineering company who worked in Sudan during the
epidemic. Our team listed their symptoms after admission, various
monitoring indicators and disease course to provide more information on
asymptomatic COVID-19 patients. Results: 30 asymptomatic Chinese
COVID-19 patients’ throat swab tests for SARS-CoV-2 were positive.
Through further genetic testing, we found that these 30 Chinese
individuals were infected with the European strain of SARS-CoV-2
circulating in Africa. In this study, the infection events occurred
across three continents and suggested that the European strain could be
brought to Asia via Africa by asymptomatic infected individuals and that
the incubation and infection periods may be long; these points should be
considered in epidemic prevention and epidemiological investigations.
Fourteen days of quarantine may not be enough. After having negative
results on at least 5 consecutive nucleic acid tests spanning 30 days, a
patient may subsequently have a positive test result. Conclusions: We
present our diagnosis and treatment process to provide useful reference
information for colleagues during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Immune mechanisms associated with Fas/FasL and complement involves in chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection
Authors: Lin Jing , Su Miao , Wu Hai , Wu Xia , Gu Lei , Lin Hai , Zheng Jiao , Liu Bang , Wu Zhi , Li Dong
Published: January 2024

Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (CAEBV) infection is a complex and
heterogeneous disease with features of both immunodeficiency and
malignant neoplasms. 10 patients aged 14～62 years with confirmed CAEBV
infection were collected. The clinical features included
splenomegaly(10/10), hepatomegaly(9/10), abnormal liver function(9/10)
and CD8+T lymphopenia(3/3). Whole exon sequencing of peripheral blood
showed a total of 410 immune genes were screened in 10 patients. They
were primarily enriched in ‘Human papillomavirus infection’ and
‘Complement and coagulation cascades’. HE also showed lymphocytic
infiltration in liver tissue of the CAEBV group. Immunohistochemistry
showed the positive score of CD8+ T cells in the CAEBV patients was
higher than that of controls (p<0.05). But there was no
significant difference between the two groups in terms of other immune
cells (p>0.05). Based on the findings, we further
investigated the CD8+ T lymphocyte-related hepatitis pathogenesis caused
by CAEBV infection. Granzyme B and perforin in liver tissue showed no
significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05).
Fas, FasL and Caspase-8, were a higher expression in CAEBV patients than
controls (p<0.05). C1q of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells
(LSECs) and Glisson’s capsule (GC), as well as C3d of LSECs, were a
higher expression in CAEBV patients than controls both
(p<0.05). C4d of LSECs and GC and C3d of GC showed no
significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05).
Therefore, Fas/FasL and complement may involve the immune-related
mechanism in CAEBV infection.
Shading stress decreases rice seed setting rate by impeding pollination and fertilisation processes at the heading stage
Authors: Deng Fei , Zeng Yuling , Li Qiuping , He Chenyan , Li Bo , Zhu Youyun , Zhou Xing , Yang Fan , Zhong Xiaoyuan , Wang Li , Chen Hong , Ren Wanjun
Published: January 2024

Shading stress has become a worldwide phenomenon and can lead to rice
(Oryza sativa L.) yield loss by decreasing the seed setting rate, which,
in rice, depends primarily on spikelet fertility. However, little is
known about the effect of shading stress on rice pollination and
fertilisation processes. Here, a field experiment, spanning two years,
was conducted using two rice varieties grown under full sunlight and
53% shading stress. Shading stress at the heading stage significantly
decreased the anther dehiscence rate, and a mass of pollen grains
remained in the anthers. Together with a reduction in the in vitro
pollen germination rate and stigma exsertion rate, shading stress
reduced both the number of pollen grains and the number of germinated
pollen grains per stigma by 29.44–71.16% and 9.82–63.16%,
respectively. This ultimately resulted in yield loss due to reduction in
the fertilisation and seed setting rates. We assert that shading stress
decreased the seed setting rate by inhibiting the pollination and
fertilisation processes of rice, particularly anther dehiscence and
pollen grain release. Therefore, future studies should focus on the
mechanisms behind anther dehiscence reduction under shading stress.
Multi-enzyme-producing extremophile isolated from food waste under fluctuating environmental conditions
Authors: Pham Van Hong Thi , Ahn Jeongyoon , Kim Jaisoo , Shim Jeahong , Chang Soonwoong , Chung Woojin
Published: January 2024

Well-adapted bacteria under wide extreme conditions of acidic/alkaline
pH and hot/cold temperatures play a significant role in degradation
efficiency and in eliminating the cost of waste treatment processes in
large areas. Extremozymes isolated by these organisms are resistant to
extraordinary properties of salt allowance, cold adaptivity, and
thermostability. In this study, we aimed to assess the isolation of
protease-, amylase-, cellulase-, and lignin peroxidase-producing
bacteria using a wide range of physical parameters to select suitable
isolates and investigate their functions and enzyme activities. The
bacterial strain FW2 was isolated from food waste and screened the
growth and the degradation of organic compounds under fluctuating
temperatures, different pH values, and high salinity concentrations.
This strain was able to degrade organic compounds at temperatures from
–6℃ to 75°C (weak at 80°C) under a wide pH range of 4.5–12, and in a
sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration of 0–35%. Maximum enzyme
production was obtained at 1200 U/mL for protease, 2400 U mL-1 for
amylase, 920 U/mL for CMCase, 1300 U/mL for Avicelase, and 0.165 U/mL
for Lignin peroxidase at pH 7–7.5, 40–45°C, and 0–10% NaCl. With
these valuable characteristics, strain FW2 may be a potential
contributor to waste degradation under fluctuating environmental
conditions.
Treatment of B-cell Lymphoma, Unclassifiable, with Features Intermediate Between Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma and Classical Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (Gray Zone Lymphoma) in Children and Young Adults: A Case Series
Authors: Volchkov Egor , Senchenko Mariia , Abramov Dmitriy , Biyuachuev Edvard , Prudnikova Olga , Nikitin Evgenii , Beljaeva Laima , Konovalov Dmitry , Myakova Natalia
Published: January 2024

B-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between
diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma
(cHL) is a rare malignant disease that develops from mature B cells.
This disease was first recognized as a distinct entity in 2008. It is
most common in the 20 to 40 age group and rare in children. Currently,
there are no clear criteria for diagnosis and standard therapy for such
patients. According to the literature, it is possible to use treatment
regimens applied for both aggressive B-cell lymphomas and Hodgkin’s
lymphoma. The addition of anti-CD20/CD30 targeted agent to standard
therapy may be effective, given the expression of these markers by tumor
cells. In this article, we present the clinical and morphological
characteristics of patients with unclassifiable B-cell lymphoma with
features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and cHL,
diagnosed at our center, including 4 patients at the onset of the
disease in childhood
Responses of gut microbiota in moose (Alces alces) populations with different migration patterns to climate warming
Authors: Chen Shiyu , Holyoak Marcel , Liu Hui , Bao Heng , Ma Yingjie , Dou Hongliang , Li Guoliang , jiang guang
Published: January 2024

The implications of migration for gut microbial community composition
and function, and effects on population health of host animals are
poorly known. In this study, we quantified migration patterns and gene
flow for moose populations in northeast China and tested their
relationships to recent climate warming. And we then characterized moose
gut microbial composition and tested its relationships to moose
migration patterns. We found that moose populations increasingly moved
northward or to higher latitude due to late spring warming. Migratory
and isolated moose populations differed in their gut microbe composition
and frequency of different functional groups of bacteria that relate to
digestion and diet composition. Gut microbe composition was also related
to different environmental variables in isolated vs. migratory moose
populations. Our results suggested that gut microbes of isolated moose
populations were only related to altitude, whereas those in migratory
moose populations were related to temperature, precipitation, longitude
and latitude. We believe that differences in the taxonomic and
functional composition of gut microbiota relating to digestion are
adaptive. Consequently, this study highlights that special attention
should be placed on isolated populations of moose, and ecological
corridors or translocation of individuals may be needed for moose
conservation to allow persistence in the face of global warming.