bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oil and leaf extracts of Zanthoxylum caribaeum Lam. against serotypes of Salmonella
Authors: SOUZA Juliete Gomes de Lara de , TOLEDO Adrieli Gorlin , SANTANA Camila Beatriz , SANTOS Camila Vogt dos , MALLMANN Ana Paula , SILVA Jéssica Patrícia Borges da , PINTO Fabiana Gisele da Silva
Published: October 2017

SUMMARY The present study aimed to identify and quantify the components of the essential oil of Zanthoxylum caribaeum and to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of different plant extracts and the essential oil of this plant against different serotypes of Salmonella enterica, which is of greater occurrence and isolated in the western region of Paraná, Brazil. The extraction of the essential oil was performed using Clevenger apparatus and the chemical composition was determined by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The extracts were obtained through different solvents (ethanol, methanol, hexane, acetone, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and distilled water). The antibacterial activity was carried out according to the broth microdilution technique. The GC-MS analysis resulted in the identification of 15 main components, all terpenes, representing 63.88% of the total essential oil. The major compounds identified were Germacrene-D (20.77%), a-Panasinsene (14.40 %) and b-Selinene (11.68 %). The essential oil presented antibacterial activity against 5 serotypes of Salmonella enterica, with MIC and MBC ranging from 7000 to 437 μg.mL-1. While MIC and MBC from the range from 200 to 25 mg.mL-1, being effective to most serotypes of S. enterica, with the exception of the aqueous extract. The results suggest that the essential oil and leaf extracts of Z. caribaeum represent an alternative for the control of S. enterica in the poultry sector, in this way reflecting a new perspective for studies with natural products.
Performance of confined sheep fed diets based on silages of different sorghum cultivars
Authors: PINHO Ricardo Martins Araujo , SANTOS Edson Mauro , OLIVEIRA Juliana Silva de , PERAZZO Alexandre Fernandes , SOUSA Wandrick Hauss de , RAMOS João Paulo de Farias , CARVALHO Gleidson Giordano Pinto de , PEREIRA Gildênia Araújo
Published: October 2017

SUMMARY The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of silages of different sorghum cultivars through digestibility and nutrient intake and performance of sheep. The experiment was conducted at the Pendência Experimental Station, of the State Company for Agricultural Research of Paraíba S.A. For the experiment, thirty-five rams were used, without defined breed, with average live weight of 17.7 kg, distributed in a completely randomized block design, with five diets and seven replicates to determine intake and performance; and 25 non-castrated rams, without defined breed, distributed in a completely randomized design with five diets and five replicates, to determine the digestibility of nutrients. The average daily intake of dry matter was, on average, 994.66 g. Only the average intakes of ether extract, neutral detergent fiber and non-fibrous carbohydrates, were affected by the diets. The weight gain (WG), feed conversion and feed efficiency of the animals receiving the diets suffered no effect. Silages of BRS 655, 610, 800, 810 and Ponta Negra provided similar intake and digestibility of nutrients. The use of silages of different sorghum cultivars (BRS 610, BRS 655, BRS 800, BRS 810 and Ponta Negra) in diets for confined sheep provide similar performance and intakes.
Processing and product characteristics of a blended cement grout incorporating polycarboxylate ether superplasticiser
Authors: Isaacs Matthew , Hayes Martin , Rawlinson Steven , Angus Michael , Qaisar Adam , Christie Steven , Edmondson Steven , Read David
Published: October 2017

Superplasticisers improve the flow properties of cement and offer a number of operational advantages to producers of radioactive waste. Research is underway to clarify their mode of interaction using a bespoke, purified polycarboxylate ether (PCE) superplasticiser in controlled trials. A large-scale (200 dm3) product was prepared with a mix of ground granulated blast-furnace slag and ordinary Portland cement (9:1 mix) and tested using methods established by the UK nuclear industry to assess grout performance. The product met the essential criteria for a radioactive waste encapsulation grout. Laboratory-scale studies utilising a 14C-labelled superplasticiser and its components were employed to better understand the mechanisms involved and to determine the location and distribution of the superplasticiser within cured cement monoliths. The results suggest that a PCE superplasticiser may enable the use of cement industry standard powders for encapsulation processes, allowing lower water content matrices and mitigating the risk of future powder supply issues.
Effect of fly ash on the bearing capacity of stabilised fine sand
Authors: Mahvash Siavash , López-Querol Susana , Bahadori-Jahromi Ali
Published: October 2017

This paper is concerned with the role of fly ash (FA) content in the California bearing ratio (CBR) values of stabilised sandy soil for geotechnical and geoenvironmental infrastructure. A series of laboratory tests – particle size distribution and CBR tests, were performed. The literature review demonstrates the shortage of research on the stabilisation of sandy material with FA. The main focus of this paper is to establish the optimal quantity of FA content for the stabilisation of this type of soil. A total of 14 distinctive variations of stabilised sand is presented, with three different FA content percentages (5, 10 and 15%), three main curing periods, with durations of 1, 2 and 4 weeks, and a constant cement content of 3%. Some samples were treated with only  3 and 5% cement, with no addition of FA, so that the effect of cement on this particular sand could be observed, and the contribution of the FA alone could be understood. The results obtained are in line with the literature for other types of soil.
Velocities inside flushing culverts induced by waves
Authors: Bujak Damjan , Carević Dalibor , Mostečak Hrvoje
Published: October 2017

Water quality in harbour basins is an important constraint that should be considered in the design and construction of ports and harbours. Adequate flushing improves water quality and helps maintain biological productivity. Flushing culverts in breakwaters are a simple way to induce water exchange and consequently improve the water quality in harbours and ports located in areas with a small tidal range. It has been assumed that the transmission of wave energy implies water flow through a flushing culvert. Recent studies have pointed to a possible independent relationship between wave energy transmission and water flow. A series of tests on a physical model of a breakwater in a wave flume were conducted with the goal of investigating the effect of irregular wave fields as well as the geometrical characteristics of flushing culverts on velocities inside them. Water velocities were measured using an acoustic Doppler velocimeter. It is demonstrated, multiple times, that faster water flows are observed when the axis of the flushing culvert is placed at mean sea level in comparison with a fully submerged culvert. An empirical model that relates velocities with wave parameters and culvert geometrical characteristics was derived using experimental data.
Elena G. de White y el ’rey del norte‘ en Daniel 11
Authors: A. Mora Daniel
Published: October 2017

La identidad del rey del norte en Daniel 11, ha sido problemática dentro del movimiento adventista. El esquema escatológico del todo el libro de Daniel estaba siendo amenazado, según Jaime White, por la interpretación de Uriah Smith. En este estudio se analiza el pensamiento de Elena G. de White, y el desarrollo profético que hizo en sus escritos, develando si ella consideraba que el ultimo poder seria alguna nación o el papado.
Estimación del cambio climático en la cuenca coata mediante el modelo GISS-E2-R y ver sus efectos sobre la alpaca en Puno
Authors: Cruz Paredes Yobana Elsa , Castro Sarco Diana Gloria , Arivilca Dominguez Javier Gustavo
Published: October 2017

El cambio climático está afectando a diversas regiones del mundo y el Altiplano puneño no es excepción, debido a que es considerado como una de las zonas más vulnerables ante estos cambios. Por tal motivo, el objetivo de la investigación es estimar las variables climáticas de la cuenca Coata mediante el modelo GISS-E2-R e identificar sus efectos en la crianza de alpacas en el departamento de Puno. Para ello se manejaron datos de SENAMHI y WORLDCLIM (WC) del periodo de 1960-1990, en (temperatura máxima, mínima y precipitación) de las estaciones meteorológicas Cabanillas, Juliaca, Lampa y Pampa, como la proyección climática futura estimada al 2050. Resultando, la temperatura aumentada en la zona de Lampa 3°C y disminuida en la zona de Cabanillas en -7.0° C. Con respecto a la precipitación se mostraron deficiencias mayormente en la zona de Lampa, también algunas estimaciones en la sierra de Puno, entre -10% y -20%. Y en la selva norte y central con un -10%. Por tanto, se concluye que en la costa norte y selva sur se darán los incrementos más importantes con un -10% a +20% según estudios realizados, y la disminución de la temperatura estima la presencia de nieve y bajas temperaturas lo que posibilita mayor cantidad de muertes de alpacas, por lo que, es recomendable proteger y evitar su exposición al friaje ayudando a su adaptabilidad a nuevas condiciones climáticas.
knee extensors endurance test with elastic resistance v1
Authors: Santos Silva Jaqueline , Kirsch Micheletti Jéssica , Flauzino Machado Aryane , Marques Vanderlei Franciele , Netto Junior Jayme
Published: October 2017

Reliable clinical tests that are capable of measuring resistance are important tools for rehabilitation. An alternative that has increased popularity is the use of elastic tubes, which stand out for being easy to handle, low cost, practicality, and feasibility of use. To analyze the test-retest reliability of the muscle fatigue resistance test (FRT) with elastic tubes. A total of 116 healthy young males, age between 18 and 30 years old, participated in the study. Participants performed three pre-test stages: orientation, load presentation, and familiarization with equipment lasting two weeks. Subsequently, they performed the FRT on two occasions (test and retest), with an interval of seven days. The reliability analyzes were performed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with 95% confidence interval and typical measurement error (TME), also expressed as coefficient of variation (CV%). The findings regarding the reliability of the test showed satisfactory values (time: ICC= 0.66; 95%CI [0.50; 0.76]; CV(%)= 9.34; repetition: ICC= 0.61; 95%CI [0.46; 0.73], CV(%)= 13.66; rhythm: ICC= 0.52; 95%CI [0.35; 0.67], CV(%)= 10.29). From the findings presented, it is concluded that the clinical test proposed with elastic tubes demonstrates evidence of acceptable values.
knee extensors endurance test with elastic resistance v3
Authors: Santos Silva Jaqueline , Kirsch Michelleti Jéssica , Flauzino Machado Aryane , Marques Vanderlei Franciele , Netto Junior Jayme , Marcelo Pastre Carlos
Published: October 2017

Reliable clinical tests that are capable of measuring resistance are important tools for rehabilitation. An alternative that has increased popularity is the use of elastic tubes, which stand out for being easy to handle, low cost, practicality, and feasibility of use. To analyze the test-retest reliability of the muscle fatigue resistance test (FRT) with elastic tubes. A total of 116 healthy young males, age between 18 and 30 years old, participated in the study. Participants performed three pre-test stages: orientation, load presentation, and familiarization with equipment lasting two weeks. Subsequently, they performed the FRT on two occasions (test and retest), with an interval of seven days. The reliability analyzes were performed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with 95% confidence interval and typical measurement error (TME), also expressed as coefficient of variation (CV%). The findings regarding the reliability of the test showed satisfactory values (time: ICC= 0.66; 95%CI [0.50; 0.76]; CV(%)= 9.34; repetition: ICC= 0.61; 95%CI [0.46; 0.73], CV(%)= 13.66; rhythm: ICC= 0.52; 95%CI [0.35; 0.67], CV(%)= 10.29). From the findings presented, it is concluded that the clinical test proposed with elastic tubes demonstrates evidence of acceptable values.
Category of Child Rearing in Family Law: A Cultural-Historical Analysis
Authors: Safuanov F.S. , Rusakovskaya O.A.
Published: October 2017

The article focuses on the cultural-historical analysis of the category of child rearing in Russian family law. It shows how the objective (i.e. defined in customs, church constitutions and substantive law) side of the social situation of upbringing, representing a certain aspect of the social situation of development, has changed dramatically in the historical context. Perhaps, the most considerable changes occurred in the goals of upbringing: there is a clear shift from absolute obedience to taking into account the child’s interests and opinions in a whole range of issues concerning rearing and education. This shift creates conditions for proper development of the child’s inner position that reflects his/her proactive position towards the social reality. The paper provides a historical overview of parental responsibilities and the system of prohibitions in child rearing. It concludes that the subject of forensic inquiry in civil cases concerning post-separation parenting is the possible negative impact of personality features and mental state of parent on the development of child.
«God as a Causal Agent»: Religious Attribution in Orthodox Context
Authors: Malevich T.V. , Kolkunova K.A. , Kozhevnikov D.D.
Published: October 2017

The paper summarises the process of adaptation of the God as a Causal Agent Scale (GCA) carried out on a sample of students of orthodox educational institutions. This scale aims to measure religious attribution in an individual, that is, is/her inclination to attribute the causes of events to divine agents. The data obtained in the study proved that all items of the GCA Scale have acceptable internal consistency. The first stage of validisation involved analysing the correlations with the rates of the Subjective Control Scale (SCS). Weak positive correlations were found with the rates of internality in all scales of the SCS except for the Interpersonal Relationships scale. The second stage invovled a quasiexperimental study that revealed positive correlations between the GCA and supernatural attribution. Moreover, the outcomes of factor analysis of variance showed significant differences between the subjects with high and low rates in GCA in their likeliness to use supernatural explanations. All these findings suggest that the GCA Scale is an effective tool for measuring one’s inclination to religious attribution within the Russian orthodox context.
A Importância do Trabalho para a Consolidação da Dignidade do Homem: Apontamentos sob a Perspectiva dos Direitos Sociais / The Importance of Work for the Consolidation of Dignity of Man: Points under the Perspective of Social Rights
Authors: Sturza Janaína Machado , Marques Aline Damian
Published: October 2017

ResumoEste artigo tem como objetivo indicar alguns apontamentos acerca dos direitos dos trabalhadores sob a perspectiva dos direitos sociais, expressando-secomo problema as discussões sobre o exercício da cidadania e a efetivação da dignidade da pessoa humana. Dentro desta perspectiva temática, através do método hipotético-dedutivo, aborda-se sobre a positivação dos direitos dos trabalhadores na ordem constitucional representar um novo paradigma valorativo com relação ao valor social do trabalho. Nesse sentido, a livre iniciativa e o primado da dignidade da pessoa humana forneceram um arcabouço normativo cuja interpretação pelos operadores do direito permite concretizar os direitos sociais. Essa concepção pode ser definida como sendo um conjunto mínimo de direitos que cada ser humano possui, baseado na sua dignidade humana. Daí decorre a importância dos direitos humanos, dos direitos sociais e, em especial, dos direitos dos trabalhadores. AbstractThis article aims to indicate some notes about the rights of workers from the perspective of social rights, expressing as a problem the discussions about the exercise of citizenship and the realization of the dignity of the human person. Within this thematic perspective, through the hypothetical-deductive method, it is approached about the positivation of workers' rights in the constitutional order to represent a new value paradigm with respect to the social value of work. In this sense, free enterprise and the primacy of the dignity of the human person have provided a normative framework whose interpretation by lawmakers allows the realization of social rights. This conception can be defined as a minimum setof rights that each human being possesses, based on their human dignity. Hence the importance of human rights, social rights and, in particular, workers' rights.
Myostatin inhibitors as pharmacological treatment for muscle wasting and muscular dystrophy
Authors: Saitoh Masakazu , Ishida Junichi , Ebner Nicole , Anker Stefan D. , Springer Jochen , von Haehling Stephan
Published: October 2017

Myostatin, a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β) superfamily that is highly expressed in skeletal muscle, was first described in 1997. It has been known that loss of myostatin function induces an increase in muscle mass in mice, cow, dogs and humans. Therefore, myostatin and its receptor have emerged as a therapeutic target for loss of skeletal muscle such as sarcopenia and cachexia, as well as muscular dystrophies. At the molecular level, myostatin binds to and activates the activin receptor IIB (ActRIIB)/Alk 4/5 complex. Therapeutic approaches therefore are being taken both pre‐clinically and clinically to inhibit the myostatin signaling pathway. Several myostatin inhibitors, including myostatin antibodies, anti‐myostatin peptibody, activin A antibody, soluble (decoy) forms of ActRIIB (ActR II B‐Fc), anti‐myostatin adnectin, ActR II B antibody have been tested in the last decade. The aim of this review is to present the current knowledge of several myostatin inhibitors as a therapeutic approach for patients with loss of skeletal muscle.
Charles Taylor And Mikhail Epstein: proposals to thinking religion in hypermodernity
Authors: Veliq Fabiano
Published: October 2017

CHARLES TAYLOR E MIKHAIL EPSTEIN: PROPOSTAS PARA PENSAR A RELIGIÃO NA HIPERMODERNIDADE

Resumo: o conceito de Religião mínima foi proposta por Mikhail Epstein em 1982 e desenvolvida em um segundo artigo de 1999 e se caracteriza por ser uma resposta ao ateísmo e ao processo de secularização. A análise proposta por Epstein visa mostrar que o ateísmo soviético, ao tentar eliminar toda forma de Religião, acaba promovendo um ressurgimento de um novo tipo de religiosidade na cultura russa. Esse novo tipo de espiritualidade tem uma visão diferente sobre Deus, pois o vê não mais dentro de uma estrutura teísta, mas como algo que estaria além de qualquer tipo de simbolização. A noção de Deus como ausência é vista como capaz de sintetizar em parte essa nova percepção de Deus em nosso tempo e ao mesmo tempo permitir uma vivência religiosa mais aberta. .A Religião mínima seria, então, uma espiritualidade pós-ateísta que se caracterizaria por uma fé pura e simples, sem classificações ou características denominacionais. A presente comunicação visa explicitar o conceito de Religião mínima proposto por Epstein e mostrar o seu alcance para pensarmos os desafios da Religião na hipermodernidade.

Palavras-chave: Religião mínima. Pós-Teísmo. Espiritualidade. Ateísmo. Hipermodernidade.

Abstract: the concept of minimal religion was proposed by Mikhail Epstein in 1982 and developed in a second article of 1999 and is characterized as a response to atheism and the process of secularization. The analysis proposed by Epstein aims to show that Soviet atheism, in trying to eliminate all forms of Religion, ends up promoting a resurgence of a new type of religiosity in Russian culture. This new type of spirituality has a different view of God, seeing it no longer within a theistic structure, but as something that would be beyond any kind of symbolization. The notion of God as an absence is seen as capable of synthesizing in part this new perception of God in our time and at the same time allowing a more open religious experience. . The minimal Religion would then be a post-atheistic spirituality which would be characterized by a pure and simple faith, without denominational classifications or characteristics. The present paper aims to make explicit the concept of the minimal religion proposed by Epstein and to show his scope for thinking about the challenges of Religion in hypermodernity.

Keywords: Minimal Religion, Post-Theism, Spirtituality, Atheism, Hypermodernity.
The new age Concepts of Energy: the case of the Brazillian Naturology
Authors: Guerriero Silas , Stern Fábio L.
Published: October 2017

CONCEPÇÕES DE ENERGIA NA NOVA ERA: O CASO DA NATUROLOGIA BRASILEIRA

Resumo: Objetivou-se explorar como o termo “energia”, emprestado da área científica, é articulado no meios novaeristas, estudando o caso da naturologia. Analisamos artigos, projetos pedagógicos e uma dissertação sobre os cursos de naturologia brasileiros. A energia foi entendida como aquilo que mantém coeso o processo terapêutico. Identificamos também que alguns naturólogos alegam que essa noção de energia os fragiliza academicamente.

Palavras-chave: Naturologia. Nova Era. Curas energéticas. Religião e saúde.

Abstract: Tthis study aims to explore how the term “energy”, borrowed from science, is articulated among newagers, by studying the case of naturology. We analyze papers, pedagogical projects and a master thesis regarding Brazilian naturology courses. Energy was understood as that which holds the therapeutic process together. We also identify that some naturologists claim this notion of energy weakens them academically.

Keywords: Naturology. New Age. Energy healing. Religion and health
Conservation Policies and Indigenous People Territorial Rights: the case of Región San Martín in Perú
Authors: De Zevallos Anahí Chaparro Ortiz , Zevallos Miguel Valderrama
Published: October 2017

O presente artigo analisa como é formulado o desenvolvimento sustentável na região San Martín, Amazônia peruana, a partir da construção de técnicas para a gestão territorial e o manejo eficiente dos recursos naturais pelo Governo Regional, bem como seus efeitos nos territórios e povos indígenas desta região. Visamos a analisar como este processo de territorialização produz os territórios e a população indígena como domínio de conhecimento, campo de intervenção e como sujeitos e objetos do desenvolvimento sustentável. A consequência deste processo é a abertura de uma distância entre o desenvolvimento sustentável e o respeito dos direitos territoriais dos povos indígenas, por eles reivindicados. Assim as populações indígenas, através das suas organizações representativas, exigem a titulação comunal e defendem seu direito a acessar suas zonas tradicionais e a manter suas práticas de cultivo, caça e recolecção, transformando, com essas reivindicações, o desenvolvimento sustentável em San Martin.

Palavras-chave: Povos indígenas. Amazônia. Território. Políticas Públicas. Desenvolvimento Sustentável.

Abstract: this article reflects about how sustainable development is formulated in San Martín, region of the Peruvian Amazon, based on construction of techniques for territorial management and efficient management of natural resources by Regional Government and their effects on the territories and indigenous peoples of this region. We aim analyze how this process of territorialization produces territories and indigenous population as domain of knowledge, field of intervention and as subjects and objects of sustainable development. The consequence of this process is that a gap has been opened between sustainable development and respect for the territorial rights of indigenous peoples, which they claim. Thus indigenous populations, through their representative organizations, demand the titling of native communities, defend their right to access their traditional zones and to maintain their practices of cultivation, hunting and gathering, transforming with these demands the sustainable development in San Martin.

Keywords: Indigenous people. Amazon. Territory. Public Policies. Sustainable development
The Xerente Feeding in The Context of Transformation
Authors: Schmidt Rosana
Published: October 2017

Este artigo é parte da dissertação de mestrado em Antropologia Social/PPGAS-UFG, realizada em 2010, junto aos Akwẽ Xerente da aldeia Salto Kripre no Estado do Tocantins. O estudo objetivou a compreensão das práticas, estratégias e arranjos para obtenção de alimento no contexto de transformação decorrente de impacto de grandes projetos de desenvolvimento, tais como a Usina Hidrelétrica do Lajeado/TO. Recorro às interlocuções obtidas em campo para a compreensão do extinto PROCAMBIX – Programa de compensação ambiental Xerente. O contexto atual da alimentação Akwẽ evidencia o agenciamento feminino na produção e comércio de artesanato do capim-dourado como estratégia para a obtenção de alimentos.

Palavras-chave: Xerente. Alimentação. PROCAMBIX. Conflito.

Abstract: this article is part of the master's thesis, held with the Akwẽ Xerente, and aimed to study the current food practices of the Akwẽ Xerente people to understand the strategies and the arrangements used for the production of food in the context of transformation, due to impact of major development projects, such as the Lajeado hydroelectric power plant. Turn to the information collected during the field work carried out in the village Salto Kripre in Tocantins State. The current context of food Akwẽ, shows the women's agency in the production and trade of golden grass handicraft, which translates into strategy for obtaining food.

Keywords: Xerente. Food. Procambix. Conflict.
The Admission of Lesbians and Gay Asylum Seekers to the USA: From Victory (Ejusdem Generis) to Complications (Social Visibility)
Authors: Braimah Tim S.
Published: October 2017

Under US asylum law, lesbians and gay men are considered members of a particular social group as established by the case of Toboso‐Alfonso. The phrase “membership in a particular social group” was effectively defined in Matter of Acosta, based on the doctrine of ejusdem generis. The ejusdem generis approach was utilized until 2006, when the Board of Immigration Appeal (BIA) introduced a new interpretation of membership in a particular social group, known as the social visibility test, which requires lesbians and gay men to be visible and recognizable in their societies to be eligible for asylum. Unlike the BIA's social visibility test, the ejusdem generis approach grants asylum to lesbians and gay men on the basis that their sexuality is innate and fundamental to their identity. This article presents arguments to suggest that the social visibility test should be rejected by all US courts, and the ejusdem generis approach should be the only adopted test in interpreting membership in a particular social group, and used to adjudge refugee claims based on sexual orientation.
Sperm Exchange on the Black Market: Exploring Informal Sperm Donation Through Online Advertisements
Authors: Holme Ingrid
Published: October 2017

States tightly regulate citizens' bodies, their actions, and biological material, including organs, blood, and gametes, and this political governance involves a complex set of relationships between the state and its citizens. While new technologies persistently redefine family relationships, regulation and legislation are used to hold these fixed and static. Within sperm donation, the recipients transform into parents to form families, while the donor's identity and sexuality are considered to be unaffected by the action of donating sperm or gaining the status of sperm donor. Despite official efforts to sanitize the process, the practice of sperm donation is characterized in some quarters by efforts to evade or outflank the official restrictions on it. This paper explores the circumvention of such control, through examining informal sperm donation occurring outside of state regulation.
LGBT Identity: The Illustration of “Othering” in India
Authors: Debnath Kunal
Published: October 2017

“Social identities are relational; groups typically define themselves in relation to others. This is because identity has little meaning without the ‘other’” (Okolie 2003). So, can we ignore the “other” identity to examine the concept of identity as a whole? “Other” is the counterpart of “self,” and means those who are neglected and situated at the margin of the power structure. These concepts of “other” and “self” have been popularized after the emergence of postmodernism and postcolonialism. The lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community can be regarded as “other” of the male‐female binary. The state has a big role to create and/or erase the differentiation between “self” and “other.” The demand of the LGBT community, that is, the exclusion of Section 377 from the Indian Penal Code is yet to be fulfilled by the Indian State, “but it also made possible the formation of a ‘reverse’ discourse: homosexuality began to speak in its own behalf, to demand its legitimacy” (Foucault 1976, 101). The aims of my paper are to find out the theoretical aspects of the otherness in the case of LGBT. What should be the way of inclusion of the LGBT community in the mainstream?
As percepções de agricultores familiares sobre transição agroecológica em uma cooperativa agropecuária no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Valent Joice Zagna
Published: October 2017

Objetivou-se descrever as percepções dos agricultores familiares de uma cooperativa agropecuária do Rio Grande do Sul sobre as implicações causadas pela mudança de sistema produtivo: da agricultura convencional para a produção agroecológica de alimentos. Para embasar o trabalho foram usadas as teorias da mudança, agroecologia, cooperativismo e agricultura familiar. O estudo classifica-se como uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, com tratamento qualitativo dos dados, por meio da análise de conteúdo. Foram realizadas entrevistas com os 39 agricultores. Observa-se que nas percepções individuais os assuntos mais referenciados foram: conhecimento, comunicação e planejamento; resistência e mudança; saúde e renda. O estudo demonstrou que a mudança de sistema produtivo é lenta, porém importante para os agricultores. Contudo, o comprometimento de todos na transição agroecológica foi essencial para o bom desempenho organizacional.
Aspectos do uso da mistura mineral múltipla para bovinos de corte por produtores rurais
Authors: Guerin Mariana De Souza , Lisboa Fernando Caixeta
Published: October 2017

A mistura mineral múltipla é uma técnica de suplementação animal que permite acelerar o ganho de peso dos ruminantes, potencializar o uso das forrageiras e atender às demandas microbianas ruminais do animal. Sendo assim, objetivou-se levantar aspectos do uso da mistura mineral múltipla na alimentação dos bovinos de corte por produtores rurais. Para tanto, realizou-se a aplicação de formulários estruturados a 32 produtores rurais dos estados de Minas Gerais, Goiás e Tocantins, por meio de pesquisa de campo, obtendo-se, assim, levantamento de aspectos quanto ao uso do produto. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que a maioria, 71,88%, utilizam o pastejo como forma de manejo, 50% dos produtores adotam o seu uso, 84,22% fazem uso na época seca e que 68,75% utilizam como ingrediente principal o milho e o farelo de soja. Sendo assim, conclui-se que é necessário difundir as informações de uso, bem como estimular para que sejam implementadas técnicas que aperfeiçoem o uso da mistura mineral múltipla.

Aspects of the use of the mineral multiple mixture for beef cattle by farmers
Abstract: The multiple mineral mixture is an animal supplementation technique that allows to accelerate the weight gain of ruminants, potentiate the use of forages and to meet the ruminal microbial demands of the animal. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate aspects of the use of multiple mineral mixture in beef cattle feed by farmers. To this end, it was applied structured forms to 32 rural producers in the states of Minas Gerais, Goiás and Tocantins, it was carried by means of field research, thus obtaining aspects regarding the use of the product. The results of the research indicate that the majority, 71.88%, use grazing as a form of management, 50% of respondents adopt their use, 84.22% use it in the dry season and 68.75% use it as ingredient maize and soybean meal. Therefore, it is concluded that it is necessary to disseminate the usage information, as well as to encourage the implementation of techniques that improve the use of the mineral multiple mixture.
Association of milk quality parameters with teat and udder traits in Tharparkar cows
Authors: Wagay M. Aurif , Tomar A. K.S. , Lone S. A. , Singh Anup K. , P. Carolina
Published: October 2017

The present experiment was carried out to study the association of milk quality traits (fat, protein, lactose, solid not fat (SNF), total solids (TS) and somatic cell count (SCC)) with teat traits ((teat length (TL), teat diameter (TD), distance between teats (DbT) and teat tip height from ground (THFG)) and udder traits ((udder circumference= UC, udder depth (UD), udder width (UW) and udder height from ground (UHFG)), in Tharparkar cows. The experiment was carried out on 32 tharparkar cows of different parities and lactation stages. Morning and evening measurement of teat and udder traits was carried out before milking and approximately 30 ml of representative milk samples were taken from each of the functional quarters and one composite milk sample of each experimental animal fortnightly from the date of calving of the animal in clean sampling bottles. Fat% and SNF% showed a negative, significant (P>0.05) to highly significant (P>0.01) correlation with TD, UL and FUD. Protein% expressed a positive, significant (P>0.05) to highly significant (P>0.01) correlation with UC, FUD and DbT. Further, Fat%, SNF% and TS% expressed a positive, significant (P>0.05) to highly significant (P>0.01) correlation with THFG. SCC (×105/ml) showed a positive, significant (P>0.05) to highly significant (P>0.01) correlation with TL, TD, DbT, UC and UL, whereas it had a negative correlation with THFG, rear-udder depth (RUD) and UW. It was further observed that Fat% expressed a positive highly significant (P>0.01) phenotypic correlation with SNF% and TS%. SNF%, Lactose%, Protein% and TS% expressed a negative phenotypic correlation with SCC.
Biology of pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) and its response to botanicals in stored pigeonpea, Cajanus cajan (L.) grains
Authors: Sharma Rupesh , Devi Renu , Yadav Sunita , Godara Poonam
Published: October 2017

Biology of pulse beetle (Callosobruchus maculatus F.) was studied on pigeonpea grains during 2014-15 in laboratory conditions. The adult beetle was oval in shape and reddish-brown in colour, with dark stripes on each side of dorsal abdomen with average fecundity of 74.8±1.8 eggs per female. The average incubation period was 4.2±0.2 days with hatching 98.2±0.3 percent. Average larval-pupal period, oviposition, post-oviposition period, total life period and adult life span were 21.3±0.3, 8.2±0.5, 2.8±0.5, 33.3 ±2.4 and 12.0±2.1 days, respectively. The effect of nine botanicals viz., neem oil, mustard oil, groundnut oil, turmeric powder and their mixture and surface protectants viz., neem seed kernel powder, saw dust, sand, dung cake ash and wheat husk were used on pigeonpea seed against Callosobruchus maculatus. The highest mortality (84-100%) was observed by neem oil @ 10ml/kg and lowest (3.33%) by turmeric powder @ 3.5g/kg seeds, after 135 days of storage. Neem oil @ 10ml/kg was completely inhibited the oviposition, adult emergence and seed damage. All the oils and inert materials prevented egg laying, reduced population build up of beetles and minimized the seed damage as compare to control.
PENENTUAN PERCEPATAN GRAVITASI PADA PERCOBAAN GERAK JATUH BEBAS DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN RANGKAIAN RELAI
Authors: Rosdianto Haris
Published: October 2017

The determination of the gravity acceleration through free fall experiment using the relay circuit has been done. This study aims to make free-fall experiment design using relay circuit, and determine the value of gravity acceleration by using this experiment design. The measurement method used in this study is to measure the free fall time of the object using a stopwatch that can work automatically. The result of this research is this experiment design can be used to get the free fall time data automatically. The values of gravity acceleration to 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm and 50 cm respectively, are 9.80952381 m/s2, 9.814058957 m/s2, 9.845 m/s2, 9.858283385 m/s2, and 9.829645226 m/s2. So that the average acceleration value of the five variations of height is 9.831302275 m/s2.

Keywords: Free fall motion, gravity acceleration, relay circuit.
ANALISIS PENGARUH SUHU MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT (CPO) TERHADAP NILAI TAHANAN TERMAL MEMPERGUNAKAN PEMODELAN KURVA I(V) ISOTERMAL SENSOR PTC
Authors: Yulita Dellia , Umar Lazuardi
Published: October 2017

PTC level sensor for overfill protection works based on the thermal resistance (Rw). The sensor cannot identify high-temperature fluid in the container and determine the pump switching status â€œONâ€ and â€œOFFâ€. This is due to the influence of the medium temperature on the Rw. Analysis is performed by observing the Rw value of crude palm oil (CPO) as a result of the storage temperature. The Rw value was obtained from the modeling of I (U) sensor curve of EPCOS B59050D1100 with temperature variations ranging from 20Â°C to 80Â°C. The modeled area is then determined using the isothermal curve and is resulted Rw value of 110.2K/W. The ambient temperature influence on Rw can be modeled after polynomial equation. Compare to the previous air measurement, the thermal resistance in CPO has 62.6% vary than in the air. This value can be used to determine the position of the level sensor switch safely.

Keywords: level sensors, PTC, thermal resistance, CPO, isothermal
Postoperative CT Is Superior for Acetabular Fracture Reduction Assessment and Reliably Predicts Hip Survivorship
Authors: Verbeek Diederik O. , van der List Jelle P. , Villa Jordan C. , Wellman David S. , Helfet David L.
Published: October 2017

Background:

Postoperative pelvic radiographs are routinely used to assess acetabular fracture reduction. We compared radiographs and computed tomography (CT) with regard to their ability to detect residual fracture displacement. We also determined the association between the quality of reduction as assessed on CT and hip survivorship and identified risk factors for conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods:

Patients were included in the study who had undergone acetabular fracture fixation between 1992 and 2012, who were followed for ≥2 years (or until early THA), and for whom radiographs and a pelvic CT scan were available. Residual displacement was measured on postoperative radiographs and CT and graded according to Matta’s criteria (0 to 1 mm indicating anatomic reduction; 2 to 3 mm, imperfect reduction; and >3 mm, poor reduction) by observers who were blinded to patient outcome. Kaplan-Meier survivorship curves were plotted and log-rank tests were used to assess statistical differences in survivorship curves between adequate (anatomic or imperfect) and inadequate reductions on CT. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for conversion to THA. Two hundred and eleven patients were included. At mean of 9.0 years (standard deviation [SD], 5.6; median, 7.9; range, 0.5 to 23.3 years) postoperatively, 161 patients (76%) had retained their native hip.

Results:

Compared with radiographs, CT showed worse reduction in 124 hips (59%), the same reduction in 79 (37%), and better reduction in 8 (4%). Of the 99 patients graded as having adequate reduction on CT, 10% underwent conversion to THA in comparison with 36% of those with inadequate reduction, and there was a significant difference between the survivorship curves (p < 0.001). Mean hip survivorship was shorter in patients ≥50 years of age (p < 0.001) and in those with an inadequate reduction on CT (p < 0.001). Independent risk factors for conversion to THA were age (hazard ratio [HR] = 4.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.07 to 9.62; p < 0.001), inadequate reduction (HR = 3.57, 95% CI = 1.71 to 7.45; p = 0.001), and posterior wall involvement (HR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.00 to 3.26; p = 0.049). Sex, fracture type (elementary versus associated), and year of surgery did not influence hip survivorship.

Conclusions:

CT is superior to radiographs for detecting residual displacement after acetabular fracture fixation. Hip survivorship is greater in patients with adequate (anatomic or imperfect) reduction on CT. Along with older age and posterior wall involvement, an inadequate reduction on CT is a risk factor for conversion to THA.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Acetabular Global Insufficiency in Patients with Down Syndrome and Hip-Related Symptoms
Authors: Bulat Evgeny , Maranho Daniel A. , Kalish Leslie A. , Millis Michael B. , Kim Young-Jo , Novais Eduardo N.
Published: October 2017

Background:

The etiology of hip instability in Down syndrome is not completely understood. We investigated the morphology of the acetabulum and femur in patients with Down syndrome and compared measurements of the hips with those of matched controls.

Methods:

Computed tomography (CT) images of the pelvis of 42 patients with Down syndrome and hip symptoms were compared with those of 42 age and sex-matched subjects without Down syndrome or history of hip disease who had undergone CT for abdominal pain. Each of the cohorts had 23 male and 19 female subjects. The mean age (and standard deviation) in each cohort was 11.3 ± 5.3 years. The lateral center-edge angle (LCEA), acetabular inclination angle (IA), acetabular depth-width ratio (ADR), acetabular version, and anterior and posterior acetabular sector angles (AASA and PASA) were compared. The neck-shaft angle and femoral version were measured in the patients with Down syndrome only. The hips of the patients with Down syndrome were further categorized as stable (n = 21) or unstable (n = 63) for secondary analysis.

Results:

The hips in the Down syndrome group had a smaller LCEA (mean, 10.8° ± 12.6° compared with 25.6° ± 4.6°; p < 0.0001), a larger IA (mean, 17.4° ± 10.3° compared with 10.9° ± 4.8°; p < 0.0001), a lower ADR (mean, 231.9 ± 56.2 compared with 306.8 ± 31.0; p < 0.0001), a more retroverted acetabulum (mean acetabular version as measured at the level of the centers of the femoral heads [AVC], 7.8° ± 5.1° compared with 14.0° ± 4.5°; p < 0.0001), a smaller AASA (mean, 55.0° ± 9.9° compared with 59.7° ± 7.8°; p = 0.005), and a smaller PASA (mean, 67.1° ± 10.4° compared with 85.2° ± 6.8°; p < 0.0001). Within the Down syndrome cohort, the unstable hips showed greater femoral anteversion (mean, 32.7° ± 14.6° compared with 23.6° ± 10.6°; p = 0.002) and worse global acetabular insufficiency compared with the stable hips. No differences between the unstable and stable hips were found with respect to acetabular version (mean AVC, 7.8° ± 5.5° compared with 7.6° ± 3.8°; p = 0.93) and the neck-shaft angle (mean, 133.7° ± 6.7° compared with 133.2° ± 6.4°; p = 0.81).

Conclusions:

Patients with Down syndrome and hip-related symptoms had more retroverted and shallower acetabula with globally reduced coverage of the femoral head compared with age and sex-matched subjects. Hip instability among those with Down syndrome was associated with worse global acetabular insufficiency and increased femoral anteversion, but not with more severe acetabular retroversion. No difference in the mean femoral neck-shaft angle was observed between the stable and unstable hips in the Down syndrome cohort.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Where have all the full stops gone? The dangers of striving for ‘University-level’ punctuation.
Authors: Betteney Mark
Published: October 2017

This opinion piece makes connections between common strategies currently being outworked in primary schools, and a growing perception amongst lecturers that a significant minority of undergraduate students have difficulty with punctuation, a difficulty which can render their written submissions very hard to read. This piece offers possible explanation, citing the punctuation pyramid, and the long term effects of a primary education policy that encourages primary-aged children to ‘up-level’ their writing, a practice which many students bring to their undergraduate studies.
Are Accelerated Degrees the Future for Higher Education?
Authors: Kitchener Iain L
Published: October 2017

As the government pushes though the HE and Research Bill (Department for Education, 2016), universities have an unprecedented opportunity to add well-funded accelerated degrees to their portfolios. To ensure high quality outcomes and student experiences we need to establish a well-researched pedagogy for accelerating learning alongside an accelerated delivery.
Liminal space or in limbo? Post Graduate Researchers and their personal pie charts of identity
Authors: Compton Martin , Tran Danielle
Published: October 2017

How do postgraduate researchers (PGRs) see themselves at the start of their PhD journey?  There is a duality of identity or even a triality when it comes to PGRs, since they exist in a space that is simultaneously researcher, student, and often ‘teacher’ in the broad sense of supporting other students in their learning.  This report draws on data from a source originally not intended to be one: personal pie charts of identity. The activity was originally conceived as a warmer or discussion prompt for ensuing focus groups (four separate groups all completing a Teaching, Learning and Assessment strand of the mandatory elements of their PhDs). However, the pie charts themselves provided surprising insights. The pie charts presented here show considerable variance in the ways they see themselves within the academic community and raise issues about the implications for them as they exist and traverse the spaces within and between these multiple identities.
Antioxidant Activity of Dalbergia Melanoxylon Bark Extract
Authors: U Swetha
Published: October 2017

The bark extract of Dalbergia melanoxylon (Fabaceae) was assessed for its antioxidant activity by in-vitro methods. This activity was evaluated by using various methods like hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, Nitric oxide scavenging activity, DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power assay. Quantitative analysis of antioxidative components like total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity were estimated using spectrophotometric methods. The obtained results from this method are compared with ascorbic acid acts as a standard antioxidant drug. From the results it can concluded that the plant extract contains flavonoids and related polyphenols. And the extract has shown good scavenging activity in in-vitro methods. So the plant extract may be responsible for antioxidant activity.