bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGAYAAN MATERI PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN TUMBUHAN MELALUI PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR
Authors: Supriyatin Supriyatin , Ichsan Ilmi Zajuli
Published: January 2019

Pengembangan berbagai perangkat pembelajaran memunculkan inovasi yang baru dalam pembelajaran biologi. Salah satu perangkat yang dapat dikembangkan adalah bahan ajar. Bahan ajar yang digunakan di sekolah masih sangat konvensional dan belum memiliki informasi mendalam bagi siswa di luar materi dasar. Hal ini membuat pembelajaran di sekolah belum bisa maksimal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan buku pengayaan pada materi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tumbuhan bagi siswa SMA. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah research and development model pengembangan Borg & Gall. Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa buku pengayaan hasil pengembangan valid dan layak digunakan sebagai bahan ajar biologi untuk siswa dengan nilai rata-rata 3.63. Hal ini karenakan buku pengayaan ini memiliki banyak keunggulan yaitu mengandung materi yang lebih mendalam dan detail untuk merangsang daya analisis siswa. Kesimpulannya adalah buku pengayaan hasil pengembangan layak digunakan untuk pembelajaran.
TELAAH TERHADAP ASAS AKUNTABILITAS DALAM PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DAERAH
Authors: Safriani Andi
Published: January 2019

The principle of Accountability in the management of regional finance is certainly indispensable eventhough the implementation is not fully effective, because until now there are still many areasthat have not shown any openness in the management of regional finance, but with in the accountability in every local financial management automatically,the community will give confidence to every government in the region.Keywords : The Principle of Accountability, Management, Regional FinanceAsas Akuntabilitas dalam Pengelolaan keuangan daerah tentunya sangat diperlukan, meskipun dalam pelaksanaannya belum sepenuhnya efektif karena sampai saat ini masih banyak daerah yang tidak menunjukkan adanya keterbukaan dalam pemanfaatan dan pengelolaan keuangan daerahnya, tetapi dengan adanya pertanggungjawaban di setiap pengelolaan keuangan daerah secara otomatis masyarakat akan memberikan kepercayaan kepada penyelenggara pemerintahan di daerah.Kata kunci : Asas Akuntabilitas, Pengelolaan, Keuangan Daerah
TINJAUAN TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH
Authors: Kahfi Ashabul
Published: January 2019

The garbage problem is endless. The problems faced not only in Indonesia but around the world. Continuous waste production increases with population growth, changes in consumption patterns, and people's lifestyles. The identified issues include increasing the amount of waste generation, the type, and the diversity of garbage characteristics. The next problem is related to the paradigm of society to (management) waste, until the existence of rules related to waste management. In developed countries efforts have been made to resolve the issue. The birth of 3R concept adopted by Indonesia into 3M Principle.Keywords: Garbage, Garbage Problems, Waste Management Masalah sampah memang tidak ada habisnya. Permasalahan yang tengah dihadapi tidak hanya di Indonesia saja, tapi di seluruh dunia. Produksi sampah yang terus menerus meningkat seiring dengan pertambahan jumlah penduduk, perubahan pola konsumsi, dan gaya hidup masyarakat. Permasalahan yang teridentifikasi meliputi meningkatkan jumlah timbulan sampah, jenis, dan keberagaman karakteristik sampah. Permasalahan selanjutnya adalah terkait paradigma masyarakat terhadap (pengelolaan) sampah, hingga keberadaan aturan terkait pengelolaan sampah. Di  Negara-negara maju telah dilakukan berbagai upaya untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Lahirnya konsep 3R yang diadopsi oleh Indonesia menjadi Prinsip 3M.Kata Kunci : Sampah, Permasalahan Sampah, Pengelolaan Sampah
MEMBUKA TABIR KESADARAN HUKUM
Authors: Jayadi Ahkam
Published: January 2019

AbstractForm of law function and target require the existence of cultural support of sense of justice and law. Cultural of Indonesia law formed of customary law and religion law (Islamic) which during hundreds of year have lived. Fatal of him Colonist of Dutch bringing new law system, hence customary law and religion law placed on course under Europe law. The Paradigm permanent and continued by government. Customary law even no longger esteem as a system punish and religion law only esteemed to dismember. As a result in the middle of society woke up by culture punish and sense of justice which is majemuk with ill defined form. Culture punish and formed sense of justice become pemicu the happening of conflict of horizontal vertical conflict and in the middle of society.  Keyword : Sense Of Justice Mewujudnya tujuan dan fungsi hukum mensyaratkan adanya dukungan budaya hukum dan kesadaran hukum. Budaya hukum Indonesia terbentuk dari hukum adat dan hukum agama (Islam) yang selama ratusan tahun telah hidup bermesraan. Celakanya Penjajah Belanda yang membawa sistem hukum baru, maka hukum adat dan hukum agama ditempatkan pada posisi dibawah hukum Eropa.  Paradigma tersebut dilanggengkan dan dilanjutkan oleh pemerintah. Hukum adat bahkan tidak lagi dihargai sebagai sebuah sistem hukum dan hukum agama hanya dihargai sepenggal-sepenggal. Akibatnya di tengah masyarakat terbangun budaya hukum dan kesadaran hukum yang majemuk dengan wujud yang tidak jelas. Budaya hukum dan kesadaran hukum yang terbentuk menjadi pemicu terjadinya konflik horizontal dan konflik vertikal di tengah masyarakat.Kata kunci : Kesadaran Hukum
EKSISTENSI GRASI MENURUT PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PIDANA
Authors: Risal Chaerul
Published: January 2019

Pardon is a form of amnesty in the form of change, mitigation, abolition or elimination of criminal practice to the convict provided by the President. The powers of the President grant pardons related to criminal law in a subjective sense. The subjective criminal law discusses the right of the state to impose and execute the criminal. The right of such a state is a great state right, so it is necessary to find the basis of its foothold through the theory of punishment. The President in granting pardons should be based on the theory of punishment.Keywords: Grasi, Authority of the President Grasi merupakan suatu bentuk pengampunan berupa perubahan, peringanan, pengurangan, atau penghapusan pelaksanaan pidana kepada terpidana yang diberikan oleh Presiden. Kewenangan Presiden memberikan grasi terkait dengan hukum pidana dalam arti subyektif. Hukum pidana subyektif membahas mengenai hak negara untuk menjatuhkan dan menjalankan pidana. Hak negara yang demikian ini merupakan hak negara yang besar, sehingga perlu dicari dasar pijakannya melalui teori pemidanaan. Presiden dalam memberikan grasi harus didasarkan pada teori pemidanaan.Kata kunci : Grasi, Kewenangan Presiden
PANCASILA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM KONSTITUSI INDONESIA
Authors: Natsif Fadli Andi
Published: January 2019

In the perspective of constitutional law, the affirmation of Pancasila as the basis and ideology of the nation and state of Indonesia is very clearly embodied in the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution. It is not necessary to be poured through the Act or MPR Tap, whose position can be changed someday and even abolished. Thus, the recognition of Pancasila's very firm and clear position brings the consequence that Pancasila must also function as a guideline (base and direction) in preparing all policies to be taken by the Indonesian government.Keywords: Pancasila, Indonesian Constitutional Law Dalam perspektif hukum konstitusi, penegasan Pancasila sebagai dasar serta ideologi bangsa dan negara Indonesia sudah sangat jelas termaktub dalam Pembukaan UUD 1945. Tidak perlu lagi dituangkan melalui UU atau Tap MPR, yang kedudukannya suatu saat bisa diubah bahkan dihapuskan. Dengan demikian, pengakuan kedudukan Pancasila yang sudah sangat tegas dan jelas ini membawa konsekuensi bahwa Pancasila harus pula difungsikan sebagai pedoman (dasar dan haluan) dalam menyusun segala kebijkan yang akan diambil oleh pemerintah Indonesia.Kata kunci : Pancasila, Hukum Konstitusi Indonesia
DISPENSASI PERNIKAHAN DI BAWAH UMUR PADA MASYARAKAT ISLAM DI KABUPATEN BANTAENG
Authors: Aisyah Nur
Published: January 2019

The fuqoha and lawyers agree that a person is held accountable for his actions and has the freedom of determining his life after his age (Baligh). With reference to applicable legislation, if the prospective bride is under 16 years of age and the prospective bridegroom under the age of 19 years, then the person is categorized as underage and incompetent to act in the law in the case of marriage . several factors that cause the proposed marriage dispensation, among others, due to Pregnant Factor before marriage, Economic Factors, and Factors Education. Judge consideration in granting judgment of marriage age is the judge not only raced on the Act, this is where the ijtihad judge is needed in determining something based on mursalah maslahat. Keywords: Wedding Dispensation Para fuqoha dan ahli undang- undang sepakat menetapkan, seseorang diminta pertanggungjawaban atas perbuatannya dan mempunyai kebebasan menentukan hidupnya setelah cukup umur (Baligh). Dengan mengacu pada perundang-undangan yang berlaku, jika pihak calon mempelai wanita di bawah umur 16 tahun dan calon mempelai laki-laki dibawah umur 19 tahun, maka yang bersangkutan dikategorikan masih di bawah umur dan tidak cakap untuk bertindak di dalam hukum termaksud dalam melakukan perkawinan. beberapa faktor yang menjadi penyebab diajukan dispensasi perkawinan antara lain karena Faktor Hamil sebelum melangsungkan perkawinan, Faktor Ekonomi, dan Faktor Pendidikan. Dasar pertimbangan hakim dalam mengabulkan dipensasi usia perkawinan yaitu hakim tidak hanya berpacu pada Undang – Undang, disinilah diperlukan ijtihad hakim dalam menetapkan sesuatu berdasarkan maslahat mursalah.Kata kunci : Dispensasi Pernikahan
LONTARAK LATOA SALAH SATU SUMBER INFORMASI TENTANG HUKUM BAGI MASYARAKAT BUGIS
Authors: Jumadi Jumadi
Published: January 2019

AbstractEspecial source of the august value complete in lontarak. Thinker of is so-called in it lay open life image and ideas owning philosophy value which with quality. If that idea arrive and known by next generation of course will penetrate life of society, even come up with this recent epoch. Value having the character of that moral for example have been laid open by To Riolo (former sage), that four kinds of deed him both for having precedence over. First, thinking of all good utterance and wise deed of everybody. second, Searching way out of idea concept swiftly and precisely, that intention which is wrong to be barricaded to be realized by goodness in words and also in behaviour. Third, bearing with when befalled by accident, but gaze to find its solution. Fourth, soft in saying word so that  faced always in a condition peace. Keyword : Lontarak, Bugis AbstrakSumber utama nilai luhur tersebut lengkap dalam lontarak. Pemikir yang disebut di dalamnya mengungkapkan ide-ide dan citra kehidupan yang memiliki nilai filsafat yang berkualitas. Apabila ide itu tiba dan diketahui oleh generasi berikutnya tentu akan menembus kehidupan masyarakat, bahkan sampai pada zaman mutakhir ini. Nilai yang bersifat moral itu antara lain telah diungkapkan oleh To Riolo (orang bijaksana dahulu), bahwa empat macamnya perbuatan baik yang harus didahulukan. Pertama, memikirkan semua ucapan baik dan perbuatan bijak dari semua orang. Kedua, Mencari jalan keluar dari konsep pemikiran dengan cepat dan tepat, bahwa niat yang salah dibendung untuk diwujudkan baik dalam kata-kata maupun dalam tingkah laku. Ketiga, bersabar bila ditimpa musibah, namun merenung untuk menemukan solusinya. Keempat, berlemah-lembut dalam bertutur kata agar yang dihadapi selalu dalam kondisi damai.Kata kunci : Lontarak, Bugis
EKSISTENSI MEDIASI TERHADAP PERKARA PERCERAIAN DI WILAYAH PTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Riyanto Mahmud Hadi
Published: January 2019

Abstract               Divorce cases in religious courts, must first be made to mediation, mediation is done to solve the problem to reconcile married couples. Based on the facts on the ground, although it has been done to the fullest by a mediator judge, the success rate of mediation is still low. The research’s aim was to analyze the cause of the low level of success in mediation. The research’s also aims the low level of mediation success is due to factors of mediators and factors of justice seekers. Mediator factors are assessed for lack of mediator skills,  mediators only carry out mediation according to formal legal principles mediators lack the mastery of role science, communication science and family psychology. Justice seeker factors are assessed for lack of seriousness in mediation forums by mediator and each of whom has been adhering to the principle of divorce so difficult to pursue peace.Key Word : mediation, court, mediator, role, communication, psychology AbstrakPerkara perceraian di pengadilan agama terlebih dahulu wajib untuk dilakukan Mediasi, mediasi dilakukan untuk menyelesaikan masalah guna merukunkan pasangan suami istri. Berdasarkan fakta di lapangan, meskipun telah dilakukan secara maksimal oleh hakim mediator, ternyata tingkat keberhasilan mediasi masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penyebab rendahnya tingkat keberhasilan dalam mediasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendahnya tingkat keberhasilan mediasi disebabkan karena faktor mediator dan faktor para pencari keadilan. Faktor mediator dinilai karena kurangnya kemampuan kemampuan (skill) mediator, mediator hanya melaksanakan mediasi sesuai asas legal formal, mediator kurang menguasai ilmu peran, ilmu komunikasi dan ilmu psikologi keluarga. Faktor pencari keadilan dinilai karena kurang seriusnya dalam mengikuti forum mediasi yang dipimpin oleh mediator dan masing masing sudah berpegang teguh pada prinsip perceraian sehingga sulit untuk diupayakan damaiKata Kunci : mediasi, pengadilan, mediator, peran, komunikasi, psikologi
EFEKTIVITAS PELAKSANAAN TUGAS KOMISI YUDISIAL INDONESIA PENGHUBUNG DALAM MEWUJUDKAN PERADILAN BERSIH
Authors: Alam Aztri Fithrayani
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn executing duty and its function, entire/all Commission of Yudisial Link in area bound with Code of Etik pursuant to regulation of Secretary General Commission of Yudisial RI number 4 Year 2013 about Guidance Of Behavior Of Acceptance Of Report Society, Verification, Annotate, Monitoring, Conference, Inspection, and Investigation. Commission of Yudisial Link run duty and its function of them always prioritize importance - importance which in entrusting by Commission of Yudisial center compared to its own importanceKey Word : Commission of Yudisial Link AbstrakDalam melaksanakan tugas dan fungsinya, seluruh Komisi Yudisial Penghubung di daerah diikat dengan Kode Etik berdasarkan peraturan Sekretaris Jenderal Komisi Yudisial RI nomor 4 Tahun 2013 tentang Pedoman Perilaku Penerimaan Laporan Masyarakat, Verifikasi, Anotasi, Pemantauan, Persidangan, Pemeriksaan, dan Investigasi. Komisi Yudisial Penghubung menjalankan tugas dan fungsinya mereka selalu mendahulukan kepentingan – kepentingan yang di amanahkan oleh Komisi Yudisial pusat dibandingkan dengan kepentingannya sendiriKata Kunci : Komisi Yudisial Penghubung
ASPEK YURIDIS TERHADAP AKUISISI MEREK PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Erlina Erlina
Published: January 2019

Abstract               Building a strong brand needs hard work and a relatively long time. Therefore it will be much faster and less risky when acquiring a brand that is well known and has a loyal market compared to creating a brand or new brand that is not necessarily successful. Acquiring a brand that has been proven to have performance and income and good growth is safer than developing its own brand. But if a misstep, acquisition can actually harm the company, both for the company being acquired and the company that acquires itKeywords: Acquisitions, Brands, Companies AbstrakMembangun merek yang kokoh perlu usaha yang keras dan waktu yang relative panjang. Oleh karena itu akan jauh lebih cepat dan kurang berisiko apabila mengakuisisi merek yang sudah dikenal dan memiliki pasar yang loyal dibanding dengan membuat merek atau brand baru yang belum tentu berhasil.  Mengakuisisi suatu merek yang sudah terbukti punya kinerja dan pendapatan serta pertumbuhan yang baik lebih aman daripada mengembangkan merek sendiri. Namun kalau salah langkah, akusisi justru bisa merugikan perusahaan, baik bagi perusahan yang diakuisisi maupun perusahaan yang mengakuisisiKata Kunci: Akuisisi, Merek, Perusahaan
ARKEOFAUNA KAWASAN KARST BONTOCANI KABUPATEN BONE SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Fakhri Nfn
Published: January 2019

This study aims to provide a description of the fauna that once interacted with a human in the Bontocani karst Area in Bone District. Of the few excavated sites providing data availability of bone fragments that can be analyzed by conducting comparative studies with existing faunal composition of the fauna. The method of data collection is by excavation at some sites in this Karst Area. The results of this study document a wide range of vertebrates in the Balang Metti fauna including fish, frogs/toads, lizards, snakes, birds, Strigocuscus, Ailurops ursinus, insectivorous bats, Sulawesi monkeys, rats, Sulawesi pigs, babirusa and Anoa. In some layers of culture, the absence of anoa, indicates the environmental change from the environment of the fields and the weeds to the wet rain forest environment around the site, along with the extinction of this fauna. Based on the identified fauna bone analysis, it is illustrated that past habitats and environments in Bontocani Karst area have not changed much. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran secara lebih jelas tentang fauna-fauna yang pernah berinteraksi dengan manusia pendukung kebudayaan yang ada di Kawasan Karst Bontocani di Kabupaten Bone. Beberapa situs yang telah diekskavasi memberikan ketersediaan data berupa fragmen tulang yang dapat dianalisis dengan melakukan studi komparasi dengan komposisi tulang fauna yang ada saat ini. Metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah dengan ekskavasi di beberapa situs yang ada di Kawasan Karst ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar jenis fauna yang ditemukan di situs ini adalah fauna bertulang belakang antara lain: ikan, kodok/katak, kadal, ular, burung, strigocuscus, Ailurops ursinus, kelelawar pemakan serangga, monyet sulawesi, tikus, babi sulawesi, babi russa dan anoa. Pada beberapa lapisan budaya, tidak adanya temuan fauna anoa, menunjukkan perubahan lingkungan dari lingkungan padang dan ilalang menjadi lingkungan hutan hujan basah di sekitar situs, seiring dengan punahnya fauna ini. Berdasarkan analisis tulang fauna yang berhasil diidentifikasi digambarkan bahwa habitat dan lingkungan masa lampau di Kawasan Karst Bontocani tidak banyak mengalami perubahan.
PERANG PASIFIK DI PULAU MOROTAI: Rekonstruksi Infrastruktur dan Strategi Perang
Authors: Handoko Wuri , Godlief Arsthen P. , Alputila Cheviano E.
Published: January 2019

Pacific war in Morotai is an important historical event in Indonesia as well as in the world. The Pacific war involving two major powers, the Allies and Japan, left a trail of archaeological studies examined to record a very important historical event in the Pacific region of Morotai Island. Based on the concept of military archaeology, this study uses archaeological data to reconstruct infrastructure and allied strategies in combat against Japan. Investigation of these remains proceeded through studying textual and photographic records on the Allies' occupation of Morotai Island, and examination of modern-day aerial photographs of the terrain where the Allies built their infrastructure, followed by archaeological survey and through interviewing local residents to describe traces of the Pacific war infrastructure. The results explain that the preparation of good infrastructure by the allies is part of the war strategy, which determines the win for the allies against the Japanese.Perang pasifik di Morotai merupakan peristiwa sejarah yang penting di Indonesia dan juga di dunia. Perang Pasifik yang melibatkan dua kekuatan besar, Sekutu dan Jepang, meninggalkan jejak arkeologi peperangan yang dikaji untuk merekam peristiwa sejarah yang sangat penting di kawasan pasifik di Pulau Morotai. Berdasarkan konsep military archaeology, penelitian ini menggunakan data arkeologi untuk merekonstruksi infrastruktur dan strategi sekutu dalam pertempuran melawan Jepang. Investigasi arkeologi dilakukan dengan mempelajari catatan tekstual dan fotografis tentang pendudukan Pulau Morotai oleh Sekutu, dan pemeriksaan foto-foto udara modern di daerah Sekutu membangun infrastruktur, dan selanjutnya melakukan survei arkeologi dan wawancara penduduk setempat untuk menggambarkan jejak infrastrukutr perang pasifik. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa penyiapan insfrastruktur dengan baik oleh pihak sekutu merupakan bagian dari strategi perang, yang menentukan kemenangan bagi pihak sekutu dalam melawan Jepang.
A New Fuzzy Rule Based Contrast Enhancement Method using The Two-Steps Automatic Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Che-Ngoc Ha , Pham-Chau Anh-Thy , Bora Dibya Jyoti
Published: January 2019

The contrast is a major factor influencing the image quality; therefore, image contrast enhancement technique is more and more widely applied in the field of image processing. In this paper, a new fuzzy rule-based contrast enhancement method using the two-steps automatic clustering algorithm is proposed. Specifically, based on the Automatic clustering algorithm, a state-of-art method in cluster analysis and data mining, this paper proposes a two-steps Automatic clustering method to determine the number of fuzzy sets and locate the critical point in membership functions so that they are suitable for the distribution of pixel intensity values. The experiments on the "Lena" image and other natural images demonstrate that the new method can effectively enhance the contrast of the images and meet the demands of human eyes perception at the same time.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
Inflammatory disease of the womans reproductive system: modern trends in diagnosis and therapy (literature review)
Authors: Pestrikova T Yu , Yurasov I V , Yurasova E A
Published: January 2019

Medical, social and economic relevance of inflammatory diseases of the woman's reproductive organs requires a very careful attitude to the diagnosis and treatment of this pathology. The number of patients with genital infections and inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs can takes the first place in structure of gynecological morbidity, and is 60.4-65.0%, and this fact is not unique to Russia, but all over the world. Incidence rate of inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs in the first decade of the twenty-first century is increased at 1.4 times in patients who are from 18 to 24 years old and at 1.8 times in patients aged 25-29 years. At the same time, the cost of diagnosis and treatment has increased, reaching 50-60% of the total cost of providing gynecological care for population. The inflammatory diseases of pelvic organs are a collective concept. It includes of various nosological forms. There are numerous contradictions in the views on diagnostic approaches and treatment tactics, the nature of screening and control over the long-term results of treatment, the etiological and pathogenetic significance of various microorganisms found in the genital tract in patients with inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs. Currently, there are many opinions among specialists about diagnostic approaches and treatment tactics, the type of screening and monitoring the long-term results of treatment, the etiological and pathogenetic role of various microorganisms which can be found in the genital tract in patients with inflammatory diseases. This review presents the results of a modern approach to the diagnosis, management and rehabilitation of patients with inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs.
Menopausal hormone therapy and uterine cancer: the acceptability of the tandem
Authors: Yakushevskaya O V , Yureneva S V , Protasova A E , Khabas G N , Dumanovskaya M R
Published: January 2019

The aim of the work is to conduct a systematic analysis of the available research results on the possibility of using menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) in patients who successfully completed the treatment of endometrial cancer (EC). Materials and methods. The review includes data from foreign articles published in PubMed and Medline, and domestic works published on elibrary.ru over the past 40 years. Results. The results obtained allow us to consider MHT as an independent method of medical rehabilitation for women who have undergone EC. A clear patient profile should be established, allowing the use of this method, with strict adherence to health monitoring. Conclusion Patients who have successfully completed the treatment of EC require the creation of special rehabilitation conditions in the interests of maintaining health and quality of life and should be under the close attention of the doctor. Argumented approaches to the appointment of MHT in such patients will avoid complications associated with estrogen deficiency after surgery, radiation with or without systemic (cytostatic) treatment methods.
O PÊNDULO DEFASADO
Authors: Perez Silvana , De Carvalho João F. M. , Da Costa Alexandre P , Fraiha Simone G. , De Freitas João M. L. , De Souza Huan Gabriel M
Published: January 2019

Neste trabalho é apresentado um estudo realizado por estudantes ingressantes do curso de Física da Universidade Federal do Pará com o objetivo de se analisar os estados de estabilidade de um pêndulo cujo pivô está em movimento circular uniforme (MCU). O modelo teórico foi desenvolvido utilizando-se a descrição de Lagrange da Mecânica Clássica. Após a modelagem, comparou-se as previsões teóricas com um aparato experimental, afim de se observar os casos de estabilidade. O projeto foi desenvolvido em uma disciplina piloto que se utilizou de uma metodologia ativa, baseada na indagação, em particular com o uso de problemas em aberto, para desenvolver nos estudantes habilidades e competências ligadas ao processo investigativo em ciências exatas, contribuindo tamb ́em indiretamente para o entendimento da natureza da ciências.
MARCO ANTONIO MOREIRA
Authors: De Paulo Iramaia Jorge Cabral
Published: January 2019

Biografia.
La extrañeza de las palabras más familiares
Authors: Corredor Cristina
Published: January 2019

En las páginas introductorias del compendio de ensayos ¿Debemos querer decir lo que decimos? (primera edición), Stanley Cavell destaca su deuda con Thompson Clarke por haberle enseñado a entender la epistemología tradicional y, en particular, el escepticismo. Recuerda también que junto a Clarke impartió, entre 1959 y 1960, un seminario sobre las Investigaciones Filosóficas de Wittgenstein. Su defensa de la filosofía del lenguaje ordinario, la profunda influencia de su estudio del último Wittgenstein, y su aproximación al escepticismo como forma de estar en el mundo, recorren la filosofía y la obra de Cavell y se encuentran muy presentes en el conjunto de escritos que componen el volumen que ahora reseñamos. Puede afirmarse que el conjunto de estos diez trabajos, escritos entre 1958 y 1969, muestran ya con claridad la posición filosófica de Cavell y su personal estilo de escritura, lo que en su caso equivale a decir su personal estilo de pensamiento.
Relaciones entre Arquitectura y Estructura. Arquitectura estructural en Mies van der Rohe
Authors: Santatecla Fayos José , Lizondo Sevilla Laura , García Requejo Zaida
Published: January 2019

Son muchos los críticos e historiadores que han hablado sobre la estructura en la obra de Mies van der Rohe, también los que han clasificado los diversos modos de sustentar sus edificios. Sin embargo, son pocos los que han estudiado la estructura desde un punto de vista conceptual y en comparativa con las diferentes facetas desarrolladas por Mies a lo largo de su carrera profesional. Por ello, lo que este artículo quiere exponer, no tiene que ver con describir o clasificar las soluciones estructurales de su obra, sino profundizar en el pensamiento de Mies en torno al concepto de estructura y cómo se iba ajustando en su arquitectura, tanto a través de la experiencia profesional como docente. En primer lugar, el texto analiza la evolución del concepto de estructura de Mies basándose en sus escritos e introduce el término de “arquitectura estructural”, el cual sintetiza sus últimas reflexiones y es tomado por alumnos y colaboradores como principio fundamental de su arquitectura. En segundo lugar, el artículo compara dos proyectos tutorizados por Mies y desarrollados por sus alumnos; ambos de idéntica tipología, la vivienda unifamiliar, correspondientes a cada uno de los periodos docentes de Mies, Bauhaus y IIT. La investigación relaciona estos proyectos académicos con los escritos y la obra construida del maestro, a fin de comprobar si hay convergencia entre el pensamiento de Mies van der Rohe y su labor como arquitecto y como docente.
Le Corbusier: estructura ambigua y disolución de la trama
Authors: Zaparaín Hernández Fernando , Ramos Jular Jorge , Llamazares Blanco Pablo
Published: January 2019

Este artículo se propone un análisis compositivo comparado del uso que hizo Le Corbusier de la anatomía estructural posiblemente más característica de la modernidad: la retícula de planta libre. Definió su posición con el prototipo Dom-ino, y los “cinco puntos”. En la Obra Completa y después en  la crítica, se ha resaltado sobre todo el valor formal de una malla ordenadora e independizable de la distribución. En cambio, un análisis detenido de los documentos, y su contraste con las realizaciones de los años veinte, mediante esquemas de estructura, pone al descubierto, una consciente ambigüedad, más rica y compleja. La aparente trama homogénea y exenta sufre deliberadas alteraciones: pórticos y forjados unidireccionales, supresión de pilares en determinados nudos, desplazamiento de otros fuera de los ejes, ocultamiento entre los muros, deformación de secciones, manifestación de bajantes y chimeneas como si fueran pilotis o aparición de canto en algunas vigas, perturbando la supuesta planeidad de la losa. A pesar de estas singularidades, los resultados muestran que se conservan suficientes referencias como para mantener legible la retícula, mientras las anomalías propician jugosos contrastes plásticos entre sólidos ideales. Esta ambigüedad se pone al servicio de una mayor “poesía” formal, mientras se mantiene la “razón” de una trama base que estructura la planta y guía el proceso de proyecto. Además, según Le Corbusier avanzaba en lo que definió como “las 4 composiciones”, fue aumentando la disolución de la retícula, también en altura.
Radiografía de una estructura. Eduardo Torroja y el Hospital Clínico San Carlos de Madrid
Authors: Lorente de Diego Alba , Martín-Gómez César , Castro Molina Francisco Javier
Published: January 2019

La estructura tiende a pasar desapercibida, encontrándose debajo de los suelos, detrás de las paredes, pero posee la capacidad de liberar o coartar al proyecto arquitectónico. El desarrollo del hormigón armado supuso un cambio fundamental en el desarrollo de nuevas estructuras, generando nuevas tipologías arquitectónicas y aportando flexibilidad a las nuevas construcciones del siglo XX. La tipología hospitalaria de este siglo es modelo a la hora de demostrar la importancia que tiene la estructura dentro del proyecto arquitectónico. Se trata de un tipo arquitectónico que alberga en su interior una gran diversidad de actividades, y donde el desarrollo técnico juega un papel determinante. Es por ello, que la estructura aparece en algunos ejemplos como en el caso del Hospital Clínico San Carlos de Madrid, desarrollado por Eduardo Torroja y Manuel Sánchez Arcas, como generadora de un ritmo continuo, de una base, donde encajar la variabilidad de los espacios y dar origen a un edificio multidisciplinar capaz de transformarse y permanecer a lo largo del tiempo. Así, el objeto de estudio de este artículo es relatar justificadamente como esta estructura ha permitido el uso continuado a lo largo de más de 80 años de este edificio, a pesar de los cambios permanentes que requiere una construcción de estas características.
F. OTTO, J.M. SONGEL - Frei Otto. Conversaciones con Juan Maria Songel
Authors: Colón Alegría
Published: January 2019

Frei Otto, José María SongelFrei Otto. Conversaciones con Juan Maria SongelEditorial Gustavo Gili, S.L., Barcelona, 2008, 96 páginas. Idioma: castellano. Tapa blanda. 12€.ISBN 978-84-252-2205-4
E. PRIETO - La vida de la materia. Sobre el inconsciente del arte y la arquitectura
Authors: Rivera David
Published: January 2019

Eduardo PrietoLa vida de la materia. Sobre el inconsciente del arte y la arquitecturaPrólogo de Simón Marchán FizEdiciones Asimétricas, Madrid, 2018, 152 páginas. Idioma: castellano. Tapa blanda. 19,50€. ISBN: 978-84-947915-7-4
Penguatan Teologi Aswaja Majelis Taklim Aqaid Khamsin Pekalongan
Authors: Fahmi Muhammad Saifudin
Published: January 2019

Artikel ini membahas bagaimana Majelis Taklim Aqaid Khamsin (MTAK) Pekalongan berupaya memperkuat doktrin teologis Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaah (Aswaja), terutama doktrin teologis yang terkait dengan atribut ilahi. Teologi Aswaja telah menjadi doktrin Muslim Indonesia sejak lama, tetapi kemudian doktrin tersebut telah terkikis oleh doktrin-doktrin yang, utamanya Wahabisme dan Muktazilah. Teologi Wahabisme telah merelokasi takwil dalam memahami ayat-ayat antropomorfik, sementara doktrin Muktazili cenderung untuk mengganggu teologi Aswaja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui wawancara dan observasi. Untuk memperkuat teologi Aswaja di masyarakat, MTAK memberikan suatu ketentuan pemahaman kepada masyarakat dalam bentuk studi tentang atribut-atribut Allah dengan memperlengkapi jamaah argumen-argumen naqli (tekstual) dan aqli (rasional). Studi ini dilakukan dalam bentuk: (1) pengajaran umum untuk semua jamaah; (2) panduan dialogis; (3) bantuan untuk jamaah pemula; (4) konsolidasi argumen naqli dan aqli; dan (5) bantuan untuk kader senior untuk mengajar orang-orang di berbagai daerah di sekitar Pekalongan.
Potret Organisasi Tarekat Indonesia dan Dinamikanya
Authors: Rosyid Moh.
Published: January 2019

Riset ini bertujuan menggambarkan secara singkat dinamika organisasi tarekat di Indonesia sejak adanya Jamâ€™iyyah Ahl al-Thariqah al-Muâ€™tabarah al-Indonesi (JATMI, 1957)  dan Jamâ€™iyyah al-Thariqah al-Muâ€™tabarah al-Nahdliyah (JATMAN, 1979) di Jawa, yang disusul dengan berdirinya Dewan Ulama Tarekat Indonesia di Solok Sumatera Barat (2016). Metode riset ini adalah telaah pustaka dengan menggunakan teknik analisis isi. Hasil riset menunjukkan, pertama, bahwa kriteria kemuktabarahan tarekat dibutuhkan dalam keorganisasian tarekat. Temuan kedua menunjukkan bahwa organisasi tasawuf (tarekat) Nusantara JATMI tahun 1957 dimotori oleh Tarekat Qadiriyah wa Naqsyabandiyah (TQN). Sementara itu, konflik internal antar tokoh Jatmi maka menyebabkan didirikannya lembaga baru dengan muatan gerakan serupa yakni JATMAN pada 20 Rabiul Awal 1337 H/10 Oktober 1985 M di Tegalrejo, Magelang, Jawa Tengah. Temuan ketiga menunjukkan bahwa dinamika organisasi tersebut juga memberi warna pada kelembagaan ulama di Indonesia.
Urban Sufism And Transformation Of Islamic Culture In Millenial Society
Authors: Nurani Shinta
Published: January 2019

This paper examines Sufism of urban society as a trend of popular Islamic culture in millennial society. Understanding Sufism is a foundation of searching for the alternative life problem solutions, which are currently criticized as being merely temporary and reactionary. Sufism develops from the private sphere into a popular Islamic culture through which to enhance social piety. This popular Islamic culture is a form of repetitive life habits (habitus) that is accepted collectively as a form of general habit. The formation of Sufism habits among urban society initiates the creation of urban Sufism symbols such as piety, hijab, robe, turban, sarong and others. This phenomenon gives birth to how the concepts and practices of Sufism are transformed by members of a tariqa group such as the Tarekat Naqsabandiyah Haqqani Pekalongan. Therefore, the focus of this paper is twofold. The first focus is on the discussion about the way the conventional Sufism transforms into urban Sufism. This transformation denotes a phenomenon of urban Sufism wherein a kiai (English: Javanese terminology referring to a Muslim cleric) acts as an agent of the social transformation in the Naqsabandiyah Haqqani in Pekalongan. The second focus is on the discussion about urban Sufism as a popular symbol of Islam in the millennial era.
Peneguhan Identitas dan Ideologi Majelis Mujahidin Melalui Terjemah Al-Qurâ€™an
Authors: Yahya Mohamad
Published: January 2019

Fokus dari kajian ini berupa Koreksi Tarjamah Harfiyah al-Qurâ€™an Kemenag RI (Koreksi QTK) karya Muhammad Thalib, Amir (pimpinan) Majelis Mujahidin. Pemilihan fokus ini dianggap penting sebab hanya Thalib yang berani dan bersunguh-sungguh melawan otoritas Al-Qurâ€™an dan Terjemahnya (QTK) karya Kementerian Agama RI. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam kajian ini berupa teori identitas sosial dan analisis wacana kritis. Sumber data utama artikel ini diperoleh melalui buku Koreksi QTK dan Al-Qurâ€™an al-Karim: Tarjamah Tafsiriyah (QTT). Temuan kajian ini mengatakan bahwa tafsir atau terjemah Thalib, Koreksi QTK maupun QTT, merepresentasikan identitas sosial diri Thalib sekaligus MM, sebagai meliunya. Buku Koreksi QTK (maupun QTT) bukan semata sebagai ritual keagamaan normatif, juga merupakan hasil dialektika Thalib dalam meliu MM dengan alam sosial-politik Indonesia. Buku Koreksi QTK (maupun QTT) merupakan media peneguhan identitas sosial diri Thalib dan MM sekarang yang berupaya dilukiskan secara ilusif dengan wajah lebih damai, harmonis, antiekstremis-jihadis. Kedua buku ini juga sebagai alat kampanye ideologi dan orientasi politik MM. Upaya delegitimasi QTK dan pengukuhan otoritas QTT menjadi media vital dalam upaya menyemai ideologi dan orientasi politik MM di bumi Nusantara.
Tiled parallel 2D computational processes
Authors: Likhoded N. A. , Paliashchuk M. A.
Published: January 2019

The algorithm implemented on a parallel computer with distributed memory has, as a rule, a tiled structure: a set of operations is divided into subsets, called tiles. One of the modern approaches to obtaining tiled versions of algorithms is a tiling transformation based on information sections of the iteration space, resulting in macro-operations (tiles). The operations of one tile are performed atomically, as one unit of calculation, and the data exchange is done by arrays. The method of construction of tiled computational processes logically organized as a two-dimensional structure for algorithms given by multidimensional loops is stated. Compared to one-dimensional structures, the use of two-dimensional structures is possible in a smaller number of cases, but it can have advantages when implementing algorithms on parallel computers with distributed memory. Among the possible advantages are the reduction of the volume of communication operations, the reduction of acceleration and deceleration of computations, potentially a greater number of computation processes and the organization of data exchange operations only within the rows or columns of processes. The results are a generalization of some aspects of the method of construction of parallel computational processes organized in a one-dimensional structure to the case of a two-dimensional structure. It is shown that under certain restrictions on the structure and length of loops, it is sufficient to perform tiling on three coordinates of a multidimensional iteration space. In the earlier theoretical studies, the parallelism of tiled computations was guaranteed in the presence of information sections in all coordinates of the iteration space, and for a simpler case of a one-dimensional structure, in two coordinates.
Statistical determination of the nearest type trend for realizations of non-stationary time series
Authors: Zhuk E. E.
Published: January 2019

.
Waste gases in the catalytic synthesis of carbon nanomaterials by pyrolytic decomposition of a propane-butane mixture
Authors: Henarava T. M. , Hrusheuski U. U. , Krivosheev P. M. , Penyazkov O. G. , Buiakov I. F. , Dmitrenko Yu. M. , Zhdanok S. A. , Chernukho A. P.
Published: January 2019

It is known that during the process of carbon nanomaterials synthesis, gaseous products and various unknown hydrocarbons are formed. Thus, the production of carbon nanomaterials could damage the environment. A detailed analysis of all gaseous products during the pyrolysis process is needed in order to clarify the nature of the formed substances and to control the technological characteristics of the catalyst. The chemical composition study of exhaust gases was made on the facility of propane-butane mixture pyrolysis for the carbon nanomaterial synthesis. The analysis of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of the extracts is made using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. A quantitative analysis of gases was made by gas chromatography coupled with a heat conduction detector and a flame ionization detector. It was established that the concentrations of some PAHs exceed 14, 20, 90 and 100 times much as a maximum permissible concentration in the air. It was found that the appropriate devices of carbon nanomaterial production should be used in order to eliminate the PAHs that are formed.
Influence of different non-solvent additives to the casting solution on the structure and properties of PES membranes
Authors: Bildyukevich A. V. , Hliavitskaya T. A. , Shustikov A. A.
Published: January 2019

The effect of the precipitation value (PV) of mixtures of strong and weak non-solvent additives (NSA) on the phase state and viscosity of polyethersulfone(PES)/dimethylacetamide(DMAc)/non-solvent solutions and on the structure and performance of PES membranes were studied. Polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400, PV > 1000), water (PV = 10.6), 85 % phosphoric acid (PV = 13.0), glycerol (Gly, PV = 27.8) and mixtures thereof were used as NSA for PES-DMAc solutions. Using Gly/PEG-400 mixtures it was established that the increase in PV of NSA leads to the increase of a miscibility gap on the phase diagram. At a constant concentration of Gly/PEG-400 mixture, the viscosity of the solutions decreases. For a constant ratio (0.94–0.95) of the NSA amount added to the polymer-solvent system to the NSA amount causes a phase separation of the casting solution (coagulation value) increase in PV of NSA Gly/PEG-400 leads to an increase of the membrane pure water flux (PWF) from 13 up to 150 l/m2 h at 1 bar. The most dramatic increase in PWF occurs in the range of PV 39.7–125 g/dL. The results of SEM study don’t show significant differences in the cross-section morphology of membranes for different PV of NSA. However, the thickness of the selective membrane layer increases from 1 up to 4.5 μm when PV increased from 39.7 up to 750 g/dL. Thus, these studies allow us to conclude that the structure and properties of ultrafiltration membranes depend not only on the coagulation value of the casting solution, but also on the precipitation value of NSA.
Structural and physico-chemical transformations of modified with epoxy resin pericardia implants
Authors: Gaidash A. A. , Kulak A. I. , Drozdovski K. V. , Kazbanov V. V. , Krut’ko V. K. , Musskaya O. N. , Linnik Yu. I. , Skrotskaya K. V.
Published: January 2019

Bovine pericardium samples modified with ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, designed for surgical correction of congenital heart defects and large blood vessels, were studied by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and differential thermal analysis. It was found that the initial samples of pericardium, before implantation, contain sites of disorganization of the collagen matrix, fragile fracture of collagen fibrils and destruction of the interstitial membranes promoting the penetration of immunocytes into the deep layers of the pericardium. Ossifying calcification with amorphized hydroxyapatite deposition and bone tissue formation as well as multiple erosions and hypertrophic proliferation in the endothelial membrane were detected in the implantation pericardium samples.
Features of iodine deficiency in the territory of the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Romanov S. L. , Chervan A. N. , Korobova E. M. , Yablonskaya T. S.
Published: January 2019

A medium-scale map of iodine deficiency in the territory of the Republic of Belarus was created for the first time. The map characterizes in detail a spatial variation of iodine concentration in soils of Belarus. The article analyzes a spatial specificity of the ecological situation formed as a result of heterogeneity of the iodine content in soils. Using the means of a specialized GIS, the area of high iodine deficiency was identified at the level of administrative regions. The identified area was further differentiated in terms of different level of ecological risk due to a natural soil iodine deficiency. As a result of such geoinformation analysis, the areas of moderate, significant and greatest risks were established in the territory of Belarus. These regions should become the objects of high priority monitoring and are directly in need of targeted preventive measures.
Convective heat transfer and drag of two side-by-side tubes in the narrow channel at different Reynolds number
Authors: Zhukova Yu. V. , Теrekh A. M. , Rudenko A. I.
Published: January 2019

We studied numerically and experimentally convective heat transfer and drag of two side-by-side tubes in different arrangements in the narrow channel at the Reynolds number ranging from 8000 to 40000 in comparison with circular tubes. The visualization results of the flow structure in the wake behind the arrangements of the investigated tubes are presented. It is shown that the thermal and hydraulic performance of side-by-side drop-shaped tubes is by a factor of 1.2–2 higher than that of circular tubes due to a lower drag of drop-shaped tubes.
Influence of plasticizer nature on the analytical characteristics of ion-selective electrodes based on higher quaternary ammonium salts reversible to doubly charged inorganic anions
Authors: Matveichuk Yu. V.
Published: January 2019

It has been established that membranes of carbonate and hydrogen phosphate selective electrodes based on higher quaternary ammonium salts are preferable to be plasticized with o-nitrophenyldecyl ether, membranes of sulfate, selenate, selenite-selective electrodes with 1-bromonaphthalene, sulfite, molybdate, tungstate-selective electrodes with dibutylphthalate. The use of an optimum plasticizer allows, in general, reducing both the lower detection limit of electrodes and the values of selectivity coefficients by about 1 order (depending on the interfering ion). A qualitative explanation is given to the results obtained from the Fouoss theory and the Born model.
Protein-ligand interactions of CYP51 Candida glabrata and human CYP11В1 with 7-substituted 19-nortestosterones
Authors: Shkel T. V. , Grabovec I. P. , Gilep A. A. , Varaksa T. S. , Strushkevich N. V. , Dolgopalets V. I. , Charnou Yu. G.
Published: January 2019

The interaction of human monooxygenases and pathogenic fungi with previously obtained esters of isomeric 7-methyl-19-nor-testosterones and a number of heteroaromatic acids – derivatives of pyridine and pyrazine, was studied. Interaction with the active center of CYP11B1 derivatives of steroids of the androstane series containing methyl group at C7 and residues of heteroaromatic acids at C17β is shown.