bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Facilitating the gut brain axis by probiotic bacteria to modulate neuroimmune response on lead exposed zebra fish models
Authors: Margret Arockiya Anita , Sukanya Madasamy , Johnson Christinal , Kulandaivel Subbiah , Nagendran Natarajan Arun
Published: March 2021

Unravelling the efficacy of gut biome has a major impact on health. An unbalanced microbiome composition is linked to many common illnesses such as gut dysbiosis, mental deformities and immunological imbalance. An optimistic influence on the gut biome can be made by consuming probiotics. This would stimulate neuroprotection and immunomodulation intended by heavy metals pollution. Lead is a major source of neurotoxin that can induce neural deformities. Lactobacillus species isolated from curd were characterized to confirm its specificity. Zebra fish was reared at standard conditions and preclinical assessment on the intensity of induced neurotoxin lead was performed. The embryo toxic assay, immunomodulation effects and animal behavioural models endorsed the consequence of neurotoxicity. Different concentrations of bacterial isolate with standard antidepressant was considered for analysing the vigour of toxicity and its influence on cognitive behaviour by novel tank diving method. The restrain in the animal behaviour was also conferred by all the test samples with a decreased bottom dwelling time which was authenticated with haematology and histopathological studies. The alterations in morphology of the lymphocytes were balanced by the treated test samples. This study paves a twofold potential of probiotic as neuroprotectant and immune modulator against heavy metal toxicity.
Effect of lifestyle intervention holistic approach on blood glucose levels, health-related quality of life and medical treatment cost in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Kumari Girija , Singh Vikram , Chhajer Bimal , Jhingan Ashok Kumar
Published: March 2021

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a costly, lifestyle-related disorder, its management is very critical and challenging hence lifestyle intervention may a cornerstone in the reversal and management of T2DM. This study designed to assess the impact of lifestyle intervention holistic (LIH) Model on blood glucose levels (BGL), Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL), and medical treatment cost in T2DM patients. This prospective, quasi-experimental study was conducted among 224 T2DM patients in Delhi Diabetes Research Center (DDRC), New Delhi. The study participants were allocated into two groups-Lifestyle Intervention Counseling (LIC) group received lifestyle-based counseling through the LIH model while the Usual-care group received only standard treatment. Study outcomes were assessed at baseline, 3rd, 6th, and 12th month and data were analyzed through SPSS. Study results revealed that LIC participants had decreased in fasting blood glucose 0.26 mg dL-1 (-4.37 to 4.89), blood glucose postprandial -70.16 mg dL-1 (-85.15 to - 55.16), HbA1C -2.82% (-5.26 to - 0.37), medicine cost (p < 0.004), hospitalization cost (p < 0.011), and cost of surgery (p < 0.0005). A significant improvement also observed in HRQOL and adherence towards a holistic model in LIC group. The study concludes that lifestyle-based counseling and its adherence was cost-effective and significantly improves BGL, HRQoL, and medical treatment in T2DM patients.
Epidemiological aspects of visceral leishmaniasis in the municipality of Montes Claros-MG
Authors: Silva Fernanda Santana da , Silva Jefferson Oliveira , Aguiar Matheus Felipe Ferreira , Santos Neto João José Lopes dos , Rocha Rogério Gonçalves da , Guimarães Victor Hugo Dantas
Published: March 2021

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as ‘calazar’, is a serious chronic disease caused by Leishmania species from Leishmania (Leishmania) donovani complex, which the disease is characterized by abdominal swelling (hepatosplenomegaly) and may evolve to death in extreme cases. In this sense, the aim of our study was to assess the epidemiological profile of the cases found in Montes Claros (Minas Gerais state). A retrospective or cross-sectional study was carried out using secondary data provided by Health Information System (SINAN/HM) of Brazil from January 2010 to February 2020. Our data has shown that VL is an endemic disease in Montes Claros region, with 413 VL cases reported, 62.00% (252) male, average age ± standard deviation (years), and 93.46% (386) lived in Montes Claros city. The presence of comorbidities was observed in 13.70% (54) of the patients and in 7.26% (30). As for the evolution of the disease, 246 (59.56%) were cured, 30 (7.26%) died due to VL. Between 2010 and 2015, Glucantime® stands out, in which 46 (11.13%) patients used the drug, followed by common Amphotericin B 24 (13.48%) and liposomal Amphotericin B 38 (21.34%). In the period between 2016 and 2020, the most prevalent drug was liposomal Amphotericin B, with 71 (29.83%) patients using it, followed by Glucantime® 45 (18.9%). The condition evolved to death. We conclude that Montes Claros is still an endemic area for VL with an increased number of cases over time and a noticeable shift in patient profile towards children and young people. Joint efforts from different areas of scientific knowledge and public health services are needed to improve the effectiveness of visceral leishmaniasis surveillance and control actions. The population can contribute to this process of disease prevention and control, through educational actions in health and the environment.
Effect of the ionic radius on structural properties of orthochromites RCrO3 (R = La, Gd, Y)
Authors: Silva Junior Romualdo Santos
Published: March 2021

The main objective of this work was to detail out how to obtain important parameters in the structural analysis of materials with perovskite structure in order to help beginning researchers in this area. In particular, a thorough comparative and investigative study of the effect of ionic radius on the structural properties of orthochromites RCrO3 (R = La, Gd, Y) were presented. It is observed that the b and c lattice parameters increased, whereas a lattice parameter decreased as the ionic radius increased. Consequently, an increase in the unit-cell volume and tolerance factor was observed. The angles and bond lengths increased with an increase in the ionic radius, albeit the inclination angle, as well as the rotation angle, tends to decrease. The distortion parameter suffered a fluctuation in its value according to the increasing ionic radius. Lastly, Williamson-Hall (W-H) analysis caused a decrement in the strain according to decreasing ionic radius.
Ultrasound-assisted extraction and characterization of the functional properties of starch from soursop fruits (Annona muricata L.)
Authors: Ramírez-Balboa Gabriel , Balois-Morales Rosendo , Bello-Lara Juan Esteban , Bautista-Rosales Pedro Ulises , León-Fernández Andrés Eloy , López-Guzmán Graciela Guadalupe , Palomino-Hermosillo Yolotzin Apatzingan , López-Flores Yilmar Arisai
Published: March 2021

Starch is one of the most used polysaccharides in the food industry because is an excellent raw material to modify the texture and consistency of food. Also, is the main source for energy storage in horticultural products. The starch from soursop fruits can be used as an alternative source with functional properties and a wide field of application in the food industry. The use of emerging technologies such as ultrasound-assisted extraction has improved sensory attributes and functional properties. To the best of our knowledge, extraction of starch by ultrasound from soursop fruits has not to date been documented. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the functional properties of soursop fruit starches by ultrasound-assisted method and determine the presence of acetogenins. Three times (10, 15 and 20 minutes) and three ultrasonic amplitudes (UA) of 20, 30 and 40% for the ultrasound-assisted extraction were used. Total yield, gelatinization temperature, water absorption and solubility index, swelling index, amylose and amylopectin content, presence of acetogenins and starch granule morphology were recorded. The highest extraction yield (ultrasound) was reached using 10 min and 40% UA (6.34%). For the gelatinization temperature, 10 min and 30% UA (82.33°C) were the best conditions. Water Solubility Index (WSI) values of 6.13 ± 0.00% using 10 min and 20% UA were recorded. Water Absorption Index (WAI) as well as Swelling index (SI) values of 3.34 ± 0.12% and 3.26 ± 0.00% were obtained by conventional extraction, respectively. Starch granules morphology showed different size with circular shapes and truncated geometries. Finally, positive qualitative results for the presence of acetogenins by all the extraction methods were obtained.
In vitro effects of an Acanthophora muscoides (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) native and modified sulfated polysaccharide fraction on thrombin generation
Authors: Rodrigues José Ariévilo Gurgel , Quinderé Ana Luíza Gomes , Benevides Norma Maria Barros
Published: March 2021

The structural complexity of the agaran type-sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) found in Acanthophora muscoides limits its investigation as anticoagulant alternative to heparin which induces clot complications. This study was extended to evaluate the properties of a SPs fraction and its alkali/desulfated derivatives on an intrinsic pathway-induced thrombin generation (TG) continuous model using 60-fold diluted normal or serpins-depleted human plasma. 0.75 M NaCl-eluted SPs fraction by DEAE-cellulose chromatography containing sulfate (35.20%), total sugars (55.97%) and no proteins showed charge homogeneity and heterogeneous molecular weight by agarose/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively, using sequential staining with toluidine blue and Stains-All. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy confirmed agaran-structure. Intact fraction poorly acted on the activated partial thromboplastin time (3.10 IU) than heparin (193 IU), but there was a preponderance of the serpin-independent effect than serpin-dependent one in TG assay comparing both systems was continually recorded. Heparin abolished plasma TG, but was inactive in depleted human plasma. While desulfated derivative of the respective fraction anticipated and induced thrombin formation vs. untreated plasma. The results suggested that sulfated sugars residues in the sacharide units of the polymer appear to be important to attenuate TG in vitro.
Effect of pH on the flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L. seed) mucilage extraction process
Authors: Rocha Mariana Souza , Rocha Luiz Célio , Feijó Marcia Barreto da Silva , Marotta Paula Luiza Limongi dos Santos , Mourao Samanta Cardozo
Published: March 2021

Water-soluble mucilage extracted from flaxseed has excellent hydrocolloid potential in gel formation; moreover, it can become a product of high technological value in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries because it has high viscosity in aqueous solution. The aim of the current study is to investigate the effect of extraction medium pH on extraction yield and soluble fiber content. In addition, the purification step effect was evaluated through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Extractions were carried out at 3 different pH values (3.81, 6.75 and 9.69) for 13.25 h at 45 oC. The highest yield was recorded at pH 6.75; the highest soluble fiber content was found at pH 3.81. It was possible seeing that the extraction of flaxseed macromolecules in basic medium (pH 9.69) presented the best quality in comparison to other extractions. The purification step based on precipitation with ethanol did not fully remove impurities from the samples.
Resiliência a eventos climáticos adversos: contribuições do sistema de controle gerencial
Authors: Da Silva Marcia Zanievicz , Sell Filipy Furtado , Gonçalves Michele , Michels Andressa
Published: March 2021

A pesquisa objetivou investigar como as práticas de gestão e o Sistema de Controle Gerencial (SCG) contribuem para o enfrentamento e para a promoção da resiliência organizacional em eventos climáticos adversos. Como estratégia de pesquisa, adotou-se o estudo de casos múltiplos, contemplando quatro empresas de diferentes setores e porte, cujo elemento comum foi ser afetada por precipitações (chuvas intensas). Dentre os resultados, infere-se que o porte da empresa e a complexidade produtiva são relevantes para o desenvolvimento de novas práticas de gestão, tendo em vista que as organizações analisadas desenvolvem expertises e adaptam os controles para adquirirem capacidade resiliente a novos eventos. Destacam-se, assim, os controles de estoque, de clientes e de fornecedores, o orçamento e a análise de investimento, uma vez que se percebem características resilientes de aprendizagem e de adaptação. Dessa forma, emerge do estudo que o relacionamento das organizações investigadas com a comunidade é relevante para o enfrentamento de eventos climáticos adversos.
Mycobacterium smegmatis Resists the Bactericidal Activity of Hypochlorous Acid Produced in Neutrophil Phagosomes
Authors: Parker Heather A. , Dickerhof Nina , Forrester Lorna , Ryburn Heath , Smyth Leon , Messens Joris , Aung Htin L. , Cook Gregory M. , Kettle Anthony J. , Hampton Mark B.
Published: March 2021

Neutrophils are often the major leukocyte at sites of mycobacterial infection, yet little is known about their ability to kill mycobacteria. In this study we have investigated whether the potent antibacterial oxidant hypochlorous acid (HOCl) contributes to killing of Mycobacterium smegmatis when this bacterium is phagocytosed by human neutrophils. We found that M. smegmatis were ingested by neutrophils into intracellular phagosomes but were killed slowly. We measured a t1/2 of 30 min for the survival of M. smegmatis inside neutrophils, which is 5 times longer than that reported for Staphylococcus aureus and 15 times longer than Escherichia coli. Live-cell imaging indicated that neutrophils generated HOCl in phagosomes containing M. smegmatis; however, inhibition of HOCl production did not alter the rate of bacterial killing. Also, the doses of HOCl that are likely to be produced inside phagosomes failed to kill isolated bacteria. Lethal doses of reagent HOCl caused oxidation of mycothiol, the main low-m.w. thiol in this bacterium. In contrast, phagocytosed M. smegmatis maintained their original level of reduced mycothiol. Collectively, these findings suggest that M. smegmatis can cope with the HOCl that is produced inside neutrophil phagosomes. A mycothiol-deficient mutant was killed by neutrophils at the same rate as wild-type bacteria, indicating that mycothiol itself is not the main driver of M. smegmatis resistance. Understanding how M. smegmatis avoids killing by phagosomal HOCl could provide new opportunities to sensitize pathogenic mycobacteria to destruction by the innate immune system.
Premature Ejaculation patients and their partners: arriving at a clinical profile for a real optimization of the treatment.
Authors: Verze Paolo , La Rocca Roberto , Spirito Lorenzo , Califano Gianluigi , Venturino Luca , Napolitano Luigi , Cardi Antonio , Arcaniolo Davide , Rosati Claudia , Palmieri Alessandro , Mirone Vincenzo
Published: March 2021

The aim of the study is to extrapolate clinical features of Premature Ejaculation (PE) patients and female partners of men affected with PE, in order to get a profile that can be of assistance for physicians within the dynamics of a couple, one of which is a PE patient. An observational, non-interventional, cross-sectional epidemiological study entitled IPER (Italian Premature Ejaculation Research) was conducted and included two different cohorts of subjects that were randomly sampled from a patient dataset of selected General Practitioners: 1. IPER-M sub-cohort (1.104 subjects) was made of male subjects in which they were then distinguished patients with or without PE based on the score of the PEDT questionnaire; IPER-F sub-cohort (1.109 subjects) was made of female subjects from an independent sample of women (therefore not the partners of the IPER-M males) in which they then distinguished those partners of a male subject with PE or not. In addition to an identical general questionnaire to explore demographic aspects and habits, each subcohort was then evaluated using validated questionnaires. No differences were noted between PE+/PE- patients in terms of alcohol consumption, smoking habits, physical activity nor stress condition in everyday life, employment, socio-economic class and marital status. While the prevalence of PE proportionally increased with age, excluding the 50-59 and 70-80 years decades, in the IPER-M group an overall statistically significant difference for the mean age between the PE+ and PE- groups (p = 0.002) was detected, but without reaching any difference amongst the different age classes in the IPER-F group. The PE+ patients reported a significantly lower frequency rate of sexual intercourse, worse QoL (p = 0.006 and p < 0.0001, respectively), and increased anxiety status (p < 0.0001 for both subgroups). This study shows that, rather than talking with a patient affected by PE it would be advisable to introduce the concept of couple counseling with the person patient and his partner, because it is only through classification of both partners as one couple and a full understanding of their mutual sexual experience that PE treatment can be optimized and its results measured accurately.
Clinical impact of combined PTEN and ERG rearrangements in localized prostate cancer
Authors: Fragkoulis Charalampos , Glykas Ioannis , Dellis Athanasios , Ntoumas Konstantinos , Papatsoris Athanasios
Published: March 2021

To the Editor, Prostate cancer (PCa) is nowadays the second most common malignancy diagnosed among men and is responsible for one of the leading causes of cancer mortality. Clinically localized disease may present with a wide variety of clinical behavior including tumors of low clinical significance as well as highly aggressive ones. Among patients treated with either radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy there is a risk of biochemical failure (BF). As a result, it is of outmost interest to develop new markers predicting the risk of BF development.
Dorsal spinal epidural cavernous angioma; A case report
Authors: Joshi Girish , Krishna K , Krishna Dilip , Murthy Ganesh , Herur Ajay , Karnam Sundeep
Published: March 2021

Spinal cavernous angiomas are lesions formed by vessels lined by closely clustered endothelial cells. They are common in the vertebral body and less common in an intradural location. However, these are very rare in the extra-osseous and epidural region. Less than 100 cases have been reported. Here, we report a case of dorsal spinal extradural cavernous angioma in a 52-year-old man who presented with back pain and difficulty in walking. Magnetic resonance imaging brain showed D7–D8 (thoracic) extradural spinal lesion, enhancing homogeneously on contrast administration. He underwent D7–D8 hemilaminectomy and tumor decompression. The tumor was extradural, tightly adherent to the dura, and highly vascular. He recovered completely after surgical removal with no recurrence 2 years after removal. He was not administered adjuvant radiotherapy. In this article, we review the literature regarding clinical features, imaging findings, and outcome of spinal epidural cavernous angioma.
A novel combined transorbital transnasal endoscopic approach for reconstruction of posttraumatic complex anterior cranial fossa defect
Authors: Vedhapoodi Ashwin , Periyasamy Anbazhagan , Senthilkumar Devanand
Published: March 2021

The transorbital neuroendoscopic surgery (TONES), endoscopic transnasal skull base procedures, and the concept of multiportal minimal access neurosurgery are novel, rapidly evolving approaches in the management of complex skull base lesions. A 27-year-old male presented with a history of road traffic accident with nasal bleed, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea, and left eye deformity. There was left upper eyelid ecchymosis, orbital dystopia, left pupil was dilated, and fixed with no extraocular movements. The computed tomography scan showed basifrontal contusion and complex comminuted anterior cranial fossa (ACF) fracture involving left cribriform plate and left orbital roof with fracture fragment impinging on the superior rectus muscle with suspicious orbital CSF leak. There was no improvement with conservative management. Hence, a novel combined TONES, transnasal endoscopic multiportal surgery was undertaken for the removal of fracture fragments and multi-layered closure of the complex ACF defect. The patient had a complete resolution of orbital dystopia and visual loss with no evidence of CSF leak postoperatively.
Pituitary hormonal status after endoscopic endonasal transphenoidal removal of nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma: 5 years' experience in a single center
Authors: Keandoungchun Pungjai , Tirakotai Wuttipong , Phinthusophon Ampai , Wattanasen Yodkhwan , Masayaanon Patcharapim , Takathaweephon Sudasawan
Published: March 2021

Background: This study focuses on hormonal disorder and medical complications postoperative endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach of nonfunctioning adenoma at Prasat Neurological Institute, Bangkok, between January 2013 and December 2017. Methods and Material: Baseline characteristics, clinical complications, and hormonal status data were collected from the patients' medical records and analyzed using the descriptive statistics. Results: There were four surgeons who operated 126 cases, 17 of them were reoperation. The average age of the patients was 49 years old. The average length of stay was 13 days, and average operating time was 134 min. Visual field defect was the most common presenting symptom. Almost all the tumors were classified as pituitary macroadenoma which invaded one or two sellar walls. Total or near total tumor removal was the most extend of resection. There were 61 cases developed early diabetes insipidus (DI), but only 12 cases continue to long-term DI. Seven cases were meningitis. Three cases were death. Out of 83 patients who had preoperative intact hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and hypothalamic pituitary thyroidal (HPT) axis, 2 and 3 of them developed postoperative impair HPA and HPT axis in that order. In addition, among 45 patients who had preoperative impair HPA and HPT axis, 6 of them achieved postoperative endocrinological normalization. Conclusion: In preoperative intact pituitary hormone patients, the total or near total tumor removal of non functioning pituitary adenoma may have hypopituitarism during early postoperative period but gradually returned to normal during 4-6 month postoperative period.
Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy
Authors: Vinish Doraiswami Babu , Krishnamurthy Gautham , Sarangapani Arulprakash , Rajini Kayalvizhi , Ramakrishna Balakrishnan Siddartha
Published: March 2021

Introduction:

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a minimally invasive procedure for establishing enteral access for nutrition. There is a paucity of literature on PEG from the Indian subcontinent. With the rate of complications in the literature showing a downward trend, we aimed to analyze the same in our institute following a standard procedure of PEG tube placement.

Methods:

The prospective study was conducted including patients referred for PEG placement from August 2017 to December 2019. Data were recorded on a proforma. The primary aim of the study was to determine the rate of complications in patients undergoing PEG, whereas the secondary aim was to determine whether early feeding was associated with increased rate of infection or other complications. Patients were reviewed after 3 days, 1 month, and every 3 months thereafter later with clinical examination.

Results:

Sixty-seven (83.75%) males and 13 (16.25%) females with a median age of 51 years (range 1–85) were included in the study. Forty-one (51.25%) patients had comorbidities with hypertension being the most common (n = 28). Postoperative placement of the PEG tube was done in 47 (58.75%) patients. Seventy-four patients had underlying neurological or neurosurgical conditions. At the time of PEG placement, 59 (73.75%) had tracheostomy. All procedures were performed in the endoscopic suite, of which two were performed as day care procedures. There were no intraprocedural complications. Feed was started within 2 h in 45 (56.25%) patients and all tolerated feed well. There were no major postprocedural complications. Thirteen patients had clinically suspected PEG site infection, of which 11 patients had a culture-positive organism. All responded to conservative management. Thirty-two patients were on follow-up at a median follow-up period of 2 years.

Conclusion:

The incidence of complications following PEG tube placement is low. With the standardization of the PEG technique, no major complications were seen in our study. Early PEG feeding was not associated with an increase in the rate of complications.
Circadian Rhythm of Blood Pressure
Authors: Kumar Barun , Chawla Omna , Bhattacharjee Manasi , Singh Anupam
Published: March 2021

Circadian rhythms synchronize human physiological changes with the day and night cycle. However, with the invention of artificial lighting, the consequences of disrupted rhythm also started showing in various areas of human health including vital parameters such as blood pressure. It is one of the strictly regulated variables in the cardiovascular system and thus understanding its variability is significant. The normal circadian variation in blood pressure is characterized by a 10%–20% reduction in the night recordings and the individuals with this decrease in the night-time blood pressure are termed “dippers,” a blunted decline in night-time blood pressure is seen in “nondippers.” Evidence suggests a relatively increased risk of cardiac and extracardiac morbidity in individuals with nondipping blood pressure patterns. The purpose of this review was to summarize the literature regarding various factors contributing to circadian variations in blood pressure and explore the role of chronotherapy in hypertension. We found that there is conflicting evidence to suggest the role of night time administration of antihypertensive drugs, but the understanding of these mechanisms can be utilized for strategic management of hypertension and suggests that if drugs are aligned with the circadian rhythm then may be useful in not only controlling hypertension but also improving cardiovascular outcomes.
Prevalence of Cardiac Arrhythmias in Patients of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and Changes after 6 Months of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy
Authors: Kakar Ankit , Ananthakrishnan R , Handa Ajay , Joshi S K , Tyagi Rahul , Mohanty Soumitra
Published: March 2021

Obstructive sleep Apnoea (OSA) has generated lot of attention recently. The prevalence of OSA in adult Indian population is approximately 3.5% and the majority of these patients remain undiagnosed. OSA is associated with repeated episodes of hemoglobin desaturation and higher inspiratory effort, combined with repeated arousals during sleep. This causes repeated sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation. This has been postulated to be associated with both electric and mechanical remodeling of the heart leading to cardiac arrhythmias. In this study, we try to find a correlation between OSA and cardiac arrhythmias and to find the type of arrhythmia as the secondary aim. This study was conducted over three year period at a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai. We screened 186 patients with proven OSA (Apnoea Hypopnea Index> 5). Among these, those with pre-existing structural heart disease or arrhythmia or those not consenting for the study were excluded. 121 subjects were taken up for the study. 01 was lost to follow up, leading to a final sample size of 120. These 120 patients with proven OSAand no pre- existing cardiac pathology were subjected to 24 hour ambulatory Holter monitoring to determine the prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias among this cohort. It was found that 30% of this population had some or the other arrhythmia. (n = 36). Various factors such as age, metabolic and endocrine ailments and others were also accounted for. In the follow up to this study, these 36 patients were advised to use CPAP. Following 06 months of effective CPAP use, these subjects underwent repeat 24 hour Holter examination. Unsurprisingly, significant reduction in prevalence of cardiac arrhythmia was noticed. Now, out of this cohort of 36 subjects, only 02 were found to have cardiac arrhythmia.
Necrotizing Lymphadenitis with Generalized Adenopathy
Authors: Gahlot Gaurav P S , Dubey Ravindra , Chatterjee Tathagata , Chopra Manu
Published: March 2021

Kikuchi–Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a rare, self-limiting, benign disorder of lymphoreticular system that commonly occurs in young Asian women predominantly under <30 years of age. Clinically, it presents as cervical lymphadenopathy, fever, and weight loss; therefore, it is a disease of exclusion in countries such as India, which are endemic for tuberculosis. Here, we are describing a case of a young female who again presented with low-grade fever and arthralgia; 1 month after the completion of 6-month antitubercular treatment. In view of generalized lymphadenopathy, raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate; clinical, radiological, and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan findings; and the differentials diagnoses of disseminated tuberculosis, lymphoma, or sarcoidosis were considered. Histopathology of the right axillary lymph node showed paracortical expansion by histiocytes, necrosis, numerous apoptotic debris, and paucity of plasma cells with the absence of neutrophils, thus confirming the diagnosis of KFD. The correct diagnosis thus helped to relieve the anxiety of the patient and prevented unnecessary medication.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Study on Dog Bite and Its Management among Population in a Rural Community of Western Maharashtra
Authors: Mahajan Saurabh , Kumar Surinder , Yadav Arun Kumar
Published: March 2021

Background:

Awareness of dog bite-related rabies in rural population of developing countries, including India, can lead to reduction in mortality from dog bite. The present study was conducted to know the general awareness pertaining to dog bite and rabies, antirabies vaccines, and health services utilization in a rural community. Also, to ascertain the first-aid measures adopted after dog bite and to know the opinion regarding control of dog population.

Methods:

The study was conducted as a community-based cross-sectional study in the rural field practice area of a Medical College in Western Maharashtra among the age group of 30–40 years using pretested questionnaire.

Results:

A total of 108 respondents participated in the study. Of the study participants, 37 (34.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 25.3%–44%) participant were aware of rabies. Only 19 (17.59%, 95% CI: 11%–26.1%) participants were aware of the symptoms of rabies. Only 20 (18.5%, 95% CI: 11.7%–27.1%) participants would like to apply first-aid measure and 85 (78.7%, 95% CI: 69.8%–86%) participants will visit to doctor, and rest responded as doing nothing. Of the participants, 66 (61.11%, 95% CI: 51.3%–70.3%) were aware of antirabies vaccine and 77 (71.1%, 95% CI: 61.8%–79.6%) responded that dogs should be caught and taken away from locality, whereas the rest responded that dogs should be sterilized as a control measure.

Conclusions:

The gaps in knowledge, attitude, and practice with respect to prevention and control of rabies need to be addressed by educating the rural population. The present study reflects the need for making the rural population aware about the disease, vaccination, and first aid.
Performance of MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry to Determine the Sex of Mosquitoes and Identify Specific Colonies from French Polynesia
Authors: Fall Fatou Kiné , Laroche Maureen , Bossin Hervé , Musso Didier , Parola Philippe
Published: March 2021

Mosquitoes are the main arthropod vectors of human pathogens. The current methods for mosquito identification include morphological and molecular methods. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), now routinely used for bacterial identification, has recently emerged in the field of entomology. The aim of this study was to use MALDI-TOF MS to identify mosquito colonies from French Polynesia. Five hundred specimens from French Polynesia belonging to three species, Aedes aegypti, Aedes polynesiensis, and Culex quinquefasciatus, were included in the study. Testing the legs of these mosquitoes by MALDI-TOF MS revealed a 100% correct identification of all specimens at the species level. The MALDI-TOF MS profiles obtained allowed differentiation of male from female mosquitoes and the specific identification of female mosquito colonies of the same species but different geographic origin.
Synthesis of nanomaterial from industrial waste and its application in environmental pollutant remediation
Authors: Judith Jacob Vinitha , Vasudevan Namasivayam
Published: March 2021

Increased productions of waste from industries have persuaded in sustainable and naturally stable methods to reuse the waste. Utilization of wastes for the synthesis of nanomaterial is of significant importance due to its extensive variety of uses in various industrial sectors. This review focuses on potential options available for nanomaterial synthesis from waste produced by industrial activities and manufacturing processes. Possible application of industrial waste derived nanomaterial for the expulsion of organic and inorganic contaminants is discussed. Furthermore, the future opportunities and challenges in this emerging research area of converting industrial waste to nanomaterials are addressed.
NH2-Fe-MILs for effective adsorption and Fenton-like degradation of imidacloprid: Removal performance and mechanism investigation
Authors: Chen Mao-Long , Lu Tian-Hui , Long Ling-Li , Xu Zhou , Ding Li , Cheng Yun-Hui
Published: March 2021

This investigation enables amino-functionalized metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) materials for the removal of imidacloprid (IMC). Two Fe-based MOF materials of NH2-MIL-88B(Fe) and NH2-MIL-101(Fe) both exhibited high adsorption capacity and Fenton-like degradation ability for IMC which were utilized to remove IMC from aqueous solution. Although the adsorption capacity of NH2-MIL-101(Fe) was higher than that of NH2-MIL-88(Fe), the degradation abilities of both MOF materials were similar. The removal efficiencies were evaluated through several basic studies, including concentrations of catalyst (0.12–0.3 g/L) and IMC (20–100 mg/L), pH of solution (3–11), and amounts of 30% H2O2 (0–2.0 μL/mL). By optimizing the above factors, the total removal ratio of IMC by NH2-MIL-88B(Fe) was as high as 93%, whereas the removal ratio of NH2-MIL-101(Fe) was 97%. Moreover, these MOF materials were proven to be stable and recyclable. The free radical quenching experiment and density functional theory calculation were applied to research the removal mechanism, and the hydroxyl radicals (·OH) was found to be the key active intermediate. The high catalytic efficiency can be attributed to the synergy of the Fe3+/Fe2+ redox cycle.
Poznámka k zintenzivnění procesu tvorby elit a uspořádání societ v eneolitu I. Exkluzivní předměty v depotech
Authors: Kovárník Jaromír
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the process of elite formation due to the intensification of agriculture (a plough). A further division of labour was in the communities. The beginnings of prehistoric crafts originated and (physically stronger) men worked in crafts. The elite was made up of a minority who, thanks to their ambitions, strived for privileged economic power, management of communities and the accumulation of wealth. The archaeological features of the elites were the quantity of private property and the quality of prestigious, especially copper artefacts. The article contains an analysis of the diadems, pectorals, large spiral pendants, silver discs and large axes (a new Moravský Krumlov type) from treasures.
Knowledge Management Innovation For SustainableDevelopment in the Context of the Economic Crisis
Authors: Ioana Adrian , Semenescu Augustin , Florin Cezar
Published: March 2021

The trade (qualitative and quantitative level of trade) can promote the concept of sustainable development. The concept of Sustainable Development involves the implementation of theoretical and practical components for making decisions in any situation in which features a man-type medium, be it the environment, economic or social. The goals of sustainable development include the harmonization of the economic, social and environmental targets. This paper presents the main types of the correlations: Trade – Sustainable Development – Economic Crisis. The Sustainable Development (SD) concept is also analyzed in direct correlation with the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) concept. The SD concept involves the implementation of theoretical and practical components for making decisions in any situation in which a man-type medium, be it the environment, economic or social features. The Corporations (qualitative and quantitative level of trade) can promote the concept of sustainable development. The goals of sustainable development include the harmonization of the economic, social and environmental targets. This paper presents the main research on the main types of the correlations: Corporate Social Responsibility (including trade) – Sustainable Development – Economic Crisis.
The Invisible Boundaries in the City
Authors: Siddi Nicola
Published: March 2021

1. Perhaps physical frontiers are less important since somehow the world has become a global entity, in which information passes through the physical walls.

Many of them have been destroyed (Berlin) and some others such as that of Cyprus resist, but they are certainly less effective than in the past. The major concern of the future is the identification of invisible borders within the cities.

It is difficult to identify exclusion, and marginalization is hiding within the cities, even in the weal- thiest ones.The spaces of the cities have invisible borders, but they are not easy to cross.

2. An MIT study (Xu Y, Belyi A, Santi P, Ratti C. 2019) highlights these problems after processing data on human movements, social networks connections and the socio-economic status of people, the document proposes two indices to measure segregation in Singapore.

The index segregation of communication measures the relationship between people within each so- cial network, considering the frequency of communication and the socio-economic attributes of each person. The physical segregation index indicates the social exposure which people have towards each other belonging to similar and different socio-economic groups as they move more and more around the city.

3. The MIT study shows how it is possible, through the management of big data, to be able to bring out invisible marginalization situations which can not be seen in other ways.

4. The “documedial process” (Ferraris, Paini, 2018) in which the digital breakthrough has transformed the city, allows not only to bring out areas of border and exclusion but lays the foundations for an analysis of reality capable of highlighting cultural isolation.
Новое культурное зонирование городской среды в Эстонии вследствие трансформации структуры постиндустриального общества
Authors: Vaingort Vladimir V.
Published: March 2021

Становление в Эстонии экономики знаний обусловило усложнение структуры общества. Образовавшийся в начале нулевых годов средний класс западноевропейского типа распадается на несколько слоёв: высокооплачиваемых креативных работников, малооплачиваемых и малоквалифицированных работников вроде французских «жёлтых жилетов» и находящийся в бедности прекариат. Соответственно меняется структура общества, обуславливая новое зонирование городской среды. В традиционных административно-культурных центрах городов жилые зоны замещаются гостиницами, а общественные пространства ориентируются на удовлетворение запросов массового туризма. Возникают новые районы с жильём и общественными пространствами, отвечающими запросам креативного слоя общества. Сложившиеся жилые районы (городские спальни) становятся зонами жизни малообеспеченной части городского населения и прекариата. Советские дачные районы обеспечивавшие специфический «двудомный» стиль жизни советского среднего класса превращаются в зоны малоэтажного жилья наиболее обеспеченной части общества, получающей финансовые и рентные доходы. Новое культурное зонирование городской среды способствует созданию в ней точек роста креативной «весёлой архитектуры», оттесняя на периферию городов «царство архитектурной скуки».
Sectoral Nonlinear Causality Between Stock Market Volatility and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence From India
Authors: Bal Debi , Mohanty Seba
Published: March 2021

This paper examines the linear and nonlinear relationship between daily confirmed COVID-19 cases and sectoral stock market volatility in India. The linear Granger causality test reveals bidirectional causality. Further, we observe that bidirectional nonlinear Granger causality exists between stock market volatility and COVID-19. This implies that the historical and lagged information can have a significant role in predicting COVID-19 cases and the stock market.
The Impact of COVID-19 on the Status of RMB as an Anchor Currency
Authors: Fang Xing , Cao Weijuan
Published: March 2021

In the context of a severely volatile global financial market in 2020, the Ren Min Bi (RMB) has also experienced dramatic fluctuations. We examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the status of the RMB as an anchor currency in countries along the “The Belt and Road”. The results show that the pandemic has caused a continuous adverse impact on the anchor role of the RMB.
The Fifty-Year Ethnographer: A Review of Harry Wolcott's Ethnography Lessons: A Primer
Authors: Mifsud Denise
Published: March 2021

“Harry Wolcott uses fifty years of experience to take the reader inside the process of constructing an ethnographic study, offering a wealth of lessons from one of the masters of the genre”. This is indeed a concise description by the publisher. The text is constructed around the author’s five major studies. Wolcott thus gives a unique contribution to the field of ethnography as he presents some critical components of ethnography in his desire to share with us readers the results of his career-long search for the essence of ethnography. The book is divided into eight chapters. I give a critical review of the book, attempting to present the subject matter to potential readers, while drawing on its strengths and weaknesses.
Seeking a Research Method to Study Women Who Have Recovered from Trauma and Addiction that Combines Feminist Theory, Somatic Theory, Alternative Forms of Representation, and Social Justice
Authors: Stopforth Sharon
Published: March 2021

The following paper attempts to find an approach to research that will best suit women who have recovered from addictions and trauma and consider themselves resilient. This approach will need to combine contemporary feminist theory, somatic theory, and alternative forms of representation/interpretation. The paper will begin by exploring the connection between postmodern feminist theory and somatic theory and what they both have to say about how we embody social conditions of gender through non-verbal interactions. Research will then be examined that captures the non-verbal aspects of being in the world and how this intersects with the postmodern turn. Finally, in combining postmodernism, embodiment, and alternative forms of representation, cutting edge research will be explored that takes embodiment to the next level: social action.
“Third-Wave” Coffeehouses as Venues for Sociality: On Encounters between Employees and Customers
Authors: Manzo John
Published: March 2021

Contemporary social life is often depicted, in and out of the social sciences, as an ever-worsening subterfuge of alienation, ennui, and the systematic destruction of traditional, human-scaled, publicly-accessible, “organic” sociality that people once enjoyed. In this paper I do not contend that these trends in our social and commercial landscape are not happening. I will instead contend that conventional face-to-face sociability thrives even in the face of the loss of many traditional public meeting places. My focus in this piece is on social interaction in independent cafes that are known, and that self-identify, as what coffee connoisseurs term “third-wave” coffeehouses. Deploying the analytic perspective of ethnomethodology, which prioritizes and problematizes the observed and reported lived experiences of research subjects, I argue not only that “authentic” sociality flourishes in these spaces but I also consider the role of shop employees—baristas—in them and uncover their perceptions concerning social interaction between themselves and customers. As such I not only question prevailing understandings about the “death” of traditional sociability but also add to past research on the coffeehouse as social form by problematizing, for the first time, the work world of the baristas and their interactions with customers.
Resisting Technical Rationality in Mental Health Nurse Higher Education: A Duoethnography
Authors: Grant Alec , Radcliffe Mark
Published: March 2021

This duoethnographic study has three aims: the first is to coherently situate our emerging duoethnographic dialogue in relation to an overview of both its parent methodology and related approaches within the narrative inquiry paradigm. Our second aim is to then enable readers to make contextual sense of our dialogue. We do so by prefacing it with a brief, focused overview of our theoretical, empirical and fiction work, and related literature, selected for the purpose of clarification. Following this, our final aim is to demonstrate in our dialogue the differences between our respective attempts as academics to work against the neoliberal ideology of technical rationality. We believe that this negatively impacts on contemporary mental health nurse higher education and thus necessitates our respective remedial contributions to this discipline. We conclude by considering the extent to which we feel we have met our aims and describing emerging implications for mental health nursing and other scholars, internationally.
Voices from Within: Student Teachers’ Experiences in English Academic Writing Socialization at One Indonesian Teacher Training Program
Authors: Mukminin Amirul , Ali Raden , Ashari Muhammad
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine the experiences of Indonesian student teachers in English academic writing socialization at one public university teacher-training program in Jambi, Indonesia. The theoretical framework of cultural capital was used to guide the study. The data were collected through demographic profiles and semi-structured in- depth interviews with student teachers. The constant comparative method guided the data analysis. Five salient themes that emerged in this research were (1) no writing cultural backgrounds, (1) needing long-lasting exposure and internalization, (3) lack of academic writing socialization, (4) lack of institutional supports, and (5) lack of lecturers’ help due to higher power distance. The findings of this study provide evidence for policy makers and teacher educators to understand how teacher education management related to the English academic writing internalization should be improved at the program level. Policy implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.