bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Odpowiedzialność karna biegłego lekarza za przedstawienie fałszywej opinii
Authors: Kubiak Rafał
Published: September 2024

Since the Middle Ages, the need to appoint expert doctors to assist the courts in dealing with cases was recognised. Nowadays, the participation of experts is indispensable in many cases. Procedural regulations require that they be consulted in all cases where specialist knowledge is needed, including in the field of medicine. Such a necessity arises both in civil proceedings, mainly to determine the health condition of the injured party, who claims compensation, and in criminal proceedings. In this area, experts speak primarily in cases of acts that result in bodily harm, as well as if there is a need to establish the state of health of the perpetrator. Their expert assessments are an important signpost for procedural authorities and may have a decisive influence on the decision. Opinions must therefore be reliable, prepared conscientiously and based on the current state of knowledge. These requirements have been secured by criminal sanctions. Presenting a false opinion is a crime described in Article 233 § 4 and 4a of the Criminal Code. The shape of this provision is a result of the amendment to the Code which took place in 2016. However, the current editorial office raises many doubts. Therefore, the article presents the subject and subjective side of this offence, its punishability and coincidence with other regulations typifying prohibited acts. In particular, the controversy concerning the „presents” character is discussed. This issue is used to answer the question about the formal nature of this crime. The responsibility for the unintentional type of crime is also discussed in more detail, especially rules that established whether an expert has violated the precautionary principles required for drawing up an opinion. The section on punishment indicates the penalties and compensatory measures that may be imposed for the offence under consideration. The next part focuses on cumulative concurrence of penal law provisions and the attestation of an untruth. The statutory level of punishment for an intentional act is also undermined. The discussion is concluded with proposals to revoke or modify the regulations in question, and with de lege lata appeal to the procedural bodies for the correct application of these provisions.
Comparing the Effects of Information Globalization on Agricultural Producer Prices in Developing and Developed Countries
Authors: Nugroho Agus Dwi
Published: September 2024

Existing studies claim that the Internet of Things (IoTs) raises agricultural producer prices while others claim the contrary. Meanwhile, no studies have been conducted to investigate the impact of IoTs at the macro level, as represented by information globalization. The main objective of this study is to determine the impact of information globalization on agricultural producer prices in developing and developed countries. This study used time series data from 1991 to 2020 and cross-section data from 66 developing and 26 developed countries. The data was analyzed using two-stage least squares. The first stage of analysis shows that pesticides and farm machinery increase agricultural production in developing and developed countries, while employment in agriculture, forestry, and fishing has the opposite effect. Meanwhile, nutrient nitrogen, manure, and irrigation have differing effects on agricultural production in the two areas. The second stage of analysis shows that agricultural producer prices in developing and developed countries will rise when agricultural production, agricultural import, and human capital increase. Agricultural value-added, food consumer price inflation and population growth have varying impacts on agricultural producer prices. Meanwhile, the main variable investigated in this study, information globalization, has been proven to increase agricultural producer prices in both developing and developed countries.
A Rare Cause of Pseudoarthrosis: Costal Osteochondroma on Facing Surfaces of Each Other
Authors: Kızıloğlu Hüseyin Alper
Published: September 2024

An abstract is not required for Letters to the Editor.
Grief Accompanied by Suicidal Thoughts After Traumatic Loss in Adolescent: A Case Report
Authors: Şireli Özlem , Yazarlı İrem Naz , Abanoz Elif , Uzun Çiçek Ayla , Mercan Işık Cansu , Çolak Mehmet
Published: September 2024

Grief is a normal process that occurs following the irreversible loss of a loved one. This process, characterized by painful experiences, varies widely and is influenced by numerous factors, including the identity of the deceased, the circumstances of their death, the individual characteristics of the bereaved, and the availability of support systems. The suddenness and violence of a loss can disrupt the normal grieving process, leading to the manifestation of traumatic symptoms. This phenomenon, referred to as “traumatic grief” in the literature, is associated with an increased risk of various psychiatric disorders, including major depression, anxiety disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The death of a parent represents a profound loss for an adolescent, complicating their coping mechanisms and significantly impacting their psychological well-being. Parental loss alone is a significant risk factor for suicidal behavior in adolescents. When a parent’s death is traumatic, it can further exacerbate this risk, leading to suicidal thoughts and behaviors by disrupting the normal grief process, even in adolescents who were previously mentally healthy. This article presents the diagnosis and treatment of a 17-year-old girl who exhibited active suicidal thoughts and behaviors after her father was killed with a firearm. The objective of this case report is to explore the atypical grief symptoms that can follow traumatic losses during adolescence and to assess the effectiveness of holistic approaches that combine supportive psychotherapy with pharmacotherapy in treating such cases.
TECHNOLOGY-BASED EVALUATION IN PARKINSONISM
Authors: Balki Selvin , Nacar Emine , Özkan Rabia Seva , Karakurt Merve
Published: September 2024

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms that worsen over time. Today, traditional clinical assessment methods are used to monitor disease progression and evaluate treatment responses. However, these methods are subjective and may fail to measure specific conditions. In recent years, thanks to advances in wearable technologies, smart sensors, and data analysis, technology-based approaches to the assessment of patients with Parkinson's disease have gained more attention. With these technologies, objective data can be obtained by monitoring patients' daily activities, motor functions, and symptoms. Motor symptoms such as tremor severity, rigidity, bradykinesia, postural instabilities, freezing phenomenon, and motor parameters of speech impairment can be objectively measured through these technologies. Furthermore, the ability to remotely transmit these data allows patients to be assessed in their own homes and provides continuous feedback to healthcare professionals. This review highlights the importance and potential of technology-based assessment methods in Parkinson's patients and aims to guide future research.
Determination of Etiology and Risk Factors in Patients Applying to Our Outpatient Clinic for Weight Loss
Authors: Mühürdaroğlu Ayşe Münevver , Akdağ İbrahim , Taştemur Mercan
Published: September 2024

Archive information of 100 patients who applied to Ankara University Health Sciences University Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital Internal Diseases Polyclinic between 01 December 2016 and 01 June 2017 with a desire to lose weight was examined. Patients who were excluded from exclusion criteria and whose BMI was m2 25 kg / m2 were included in the study. Age, gender, curriculum vitae, blood pressure, anthropometric measurements and laboratory data recorded in patient files were used in the routine functioning of the Internal Diseases Polyclinic. Measurements and blood tests were done in the morning hours after at least 8 hours of fasting. The data of the study were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical package program.
Size E: 178.00 (165-186), K: 161.00 (150-185) (p
Urban Water Management in Milan Metropolitan Area, a review
Authors: Sartirana Davide , Zanotti Chiara , Rotiroti Marco , Caschetto Mariachiara , Redaelli Agnese , Bruno Simone , Fumagalli Letizia , De Amicis Mattia , Bonomi Tullia
Published: September 2024

The increasing rate of urbanisation and extreme climatic events represent a constant threat for urban water resources management. In recent decades, Milan Metropolitan Area (Lombardy Region, Northern Italy) has been affected by a) frequent extreme rainfall events, responsible for the flooding of major surface water courses, and b) groundwater management problems, both from a quantitative (i.e. interaction with underground infrastructures) and qualitative point of view. Moreover, the increasing use of groundwater geothermal systems also requires further considerations. This work analyses the literature available in the area regarding surface floods, groundwater quantity, quality, and temperature. Finally, a discussion is provided to understand a) which approaches could promote an effective management of both surface water and groundwater resources b) which points of contact emerge between these two aspects of the urban water cycle, and c) which possible urban interventions could contribute to an integrated and functional management of water resources, also reducing some current issues.
Exploring the aquifers shaping Italy's sub-urban landscape
Authors: La Vigna F. , Alberti L. , Da Pelo S. , Ducci D. , Fabbri P. , Gargini A. , Lasagna M. , Pappalardo G. , Polemio M. , Rusi S.
Published: September 2024

This review paper examines the hydrogeological characteristics and challenges of urban groundwater management in ten major Italian cities: Turin, Milano, Padova, Bologna, Roma, Pescara, Napoli, Bari, Catania, and Cagliari. Urbanization has placed significant pressure on groundwater systems, highlighting the need for sustainable management. The study categorizes the cities based on their hydrogeological settings and groundwater uses, identifying key issues such as salinization, industrial contamination, and land subsidence. The findings emphasize the importance of urban local aquifers (ULAs) for drinking water, industry, and ecological support, advocating for integrated urban water management and governance to enhance resilience against future water shortages and climate change impacts.
Solar Radiation Prediction in PV Power Systems: a Comparison of Deep Learning Models Using Big Data
Authors: Alay Fatma , İlhan Nagehan , Güllüoğlu Mehmet
Published: September 2024

Photovoltaic (PV) energy systems are one of the most significant renewable resources, requiring efficient solutions for solar power generation and maintenance. Accurately predicting PV energy generation and solar radiation is essential for managing grid maintenance and making energy market decisions. This study proposes prediction models based on the use of deep learning, including convolutional neural networks (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks, to fill the gap in big data analysis as more renewable energy data is collected. These models will be compared with traditional machine learning methods including Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Support Vector Regression (SVR). Data from the GAPYENEV Centre at the University of Harran is used to implement predictive models. Several prediction error metrics such as MAE, MSE, RMSE, R2 and accuracy are used to evaluate the predictive ability of the models.
The Dynamics Stability Judging Method for a Gantry-type Welding Robot
Authors: Zheng Mingliang
Published: September 2024

In order to improve the dynamic performance of gantry-type welding robot, this paper introduces the structural dynamics model and Lyapunov stability criterion of the gantry-type welding robot frame with nine degrees of freedom. The dynamic equations of the welding robot satisfy the Euler–Lagrange form, and the calculation index of welding robot Lyapunov stability is judged by matrix eigenvalues. Combining with the specific design parameters of an industrial welding robot, the motion stability of the gantry-type welding robot frame and the displacement response of the welding torch are analyzed. The influence of the change of the frame design structure on the stability of the welding torch for end effector of welding robot is discussed, furthermore, the improvement direction of vibration damping and anti-interference of welding robot system is pointed out. Finally, the dynamics simulation of the optimized gantry-type welding robot end effector is carried out by using ADAMS software, and the torque variation curve of the end effector is obtained, which provides a strong basis for the selection of motor models and the design of control system.
Could ASA and Charlson Comorbidity Index Scores Help the Current Comorbidities Stratification in Non-surgical Knee Osteoarthritis Multimodal Pain Management?
Authors: Tonev Dimitar , Toncheva Antoaneta , Radeva Stoika , Kundurzhiev Todor
Published: September 2024

Non-surgical management of knee osteoarthritis emphasizes on multimodal approach according to patients subphenotypes (with or without comorbidities). Surgical treatment outcomes data suggest the role of ASA and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scores in the field. There are no comparative data on ASA and CCI stratification in non-surgical knee osteoarthritis pain management, which is the aim of our study.
Eighty ASA 1–3 in-hospital patients, aged ≥ 36, treated for symptomatic chronic knee osteoarthritis with implemented intra-articular Betamethasone (7 mg/ml) or Hyaluronic acid (30 mg/2 ml), followed by as needed Dexketoprofen 50 mg i.v. or Paracetamol 1.0 g i.v., along with recommended 2 weeks (10 working days) exercise-based physiotherapy programme were examined retrospectively. Data regarding demographics, comorbidities, ASA low-risk(1–2)/high-risk(3), CCI low-risk(0–1/0–2)/high-risk(≥ 2/≥ 3) scoring subgroups, effusions, WBC, ESR, vital signs, clinical laboratory parameters, adverse events, and analgesic consumptions were collected as well. We tested the effect of different ASA and CCI scores on analgesic consumption (primary outcomes), and the effect of implemented risk-adjusted multimodal analgesia on subsequent participation or non-participation in the physiotherapy programme (secondary outcomes). Among all outcomes variables, ASA and CCI stratification confirmed only the higher age and ESR determinants in both the high-risk ASA 3 and high-risk CCI $ ≥ 2 subgroups, as well as more Hyaluronic acid applications in the elderly. The participants in the physiotherapy programme were mainly low-risk patients who received significantly more intra-articular Hyaluronic acid than Betamethasone. The ASA and CCI scores could help current (yes/no comorbidities) decision-making by implementing risk-adjusted pain management, emphasizing on severity rather than the type of comorbid conditions in non-surgical knee osteoarthritis population.
Expression of Neurotrophic Factors and Their Receptors in the Rat Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus
Authors: Ivanov Andrey , Atanasova Dimitrinka , Lazarov Nikolai
Published: September 2024

The spinal trigeminal nucleus as part of the trigeminal sensory nuclear complex is associated with the transmission of discriminative tactile sensations, primarily pain, and temperature, from the orofacial region. It is divided into three parts – caudal, interpolar, and oral subnucleus which process pain and temperature stimulate. Our previous experiments have revealed the presence of certain neurotrophic factors such as the nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) in this nucleus. These neurotrophins facilitate neuronal differentiation, survival, and plasticity by signalling through high-affinity transmembrane receptors. By using primary antibodies against NGF, BDNF, NT-3, and glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and their corresponding receptors of the tyrosine receptor kinase (Trk) proto-oncogene family and GFRα1, we found immunoreactive cells scattered along the whole length of the nucleus in rats in all three subnuclei. In particular, we observed that the majority of spinal trigeminal neurons were intensely immunostained for all the neurotrophic factors examined and that they were richly endowed with their Trk receptors. Our results also showed that NGF, NT-3, TrkC and GFRα1 expression did not differ between different topographic regions of the nucleus, while BDNF, GDNF, and TrkA expression was highest in the SpVo, and TrkB expression was highest in the SpVi and SpVc. Given that these neurotrophic factors are involved in mechanisms of central sensitization in trigeminal nociceptive pathways, it can be inferred that neurotrophins may contribute to a better understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of orofacial pain.
Prevalence of Age-related Macular Degeneration among Elderly Bulgarian Population
Authors: Marinova Evelina , Mermeklieva Elena
Published: September 2024

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness worldwide in an older patient population with the highest risk of disease development in individuals older than 65 years. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of AMD and its stages among the elderly population of Sofia city. An observational study among elderly Sofia citizens, held as prophylactic ophthalmological examinations was performed. The participants underwent full ophthalmic examination including autorefractometry, noncontact tonometry, best-corrected visual acuity measurement, biomicroscopy, and indirect ophthalmoscopy through a dilated pupil. Optical coherent tomography was performed in cases with difficulties to determine the stage of AMD or when the visual acuity did not correspond to the ophthalmoscopy findings. All participants were asked to fill in informed consent and a specifically structured questionnaire based on the modified Wolffson LVQOL questionnaire that was previously used in the study in Eastern Bulgaria (in 2014 by Nencheva). Overall 700 patients, with a median age of 74 years (69 to 96 years) met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of AMD, early, intermediate and late AMD was estimated as 26.1%, 14%, 6.6%, and 5.6%, respectively. Age was strongly associated with the prevalence of AMD and its stages. The ageing of the population in Bulgaria and worldwide and the large proportion of elderly persons, affected by AMD, emphasize the necessity of regular ophthalmological examinations of that part of the population. The timely diagnosis and treatment are very important for diminishing of blindness and visual impairment.
A promising alternative to opioids
Authors: Zhang Jie , Cheng Jianguo
Published: September 2024

A complex extracted from the amniotic membrane in humans reduces post-surgical pain in mice by directly inhibiting pain-sensing neurons.
Functional identification of soluble uric acid as an endogenous inhibitor of CD38
Authors: Wen Shijie , Arakawa Hiroshi , Yokoyama Shigeru , Shirasaka Yoshiyuki , Higashida Haruhiro , Tamai Ikumi
Published: September 2024

Excessive elevation or reduction of soluble uric acid (sUA) levels has been linked to some of pathological states, raising another subject that sUA at physiological levels may be essential for the maintenance of health. Yet, the fundamental physiological functions and molecular targets of sUA remain largely unknown. Using enzyme assays and
in vitro
and
in vivo
metabolic assays, we demonstrate that sUA directly inhibits the hydrolase and cyclase activities of CD38 via a reversible non-competitive mechanism, thereby limiting nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD
+
) degradation. CD38 inhibition is restricted to sUA in purine metabolism, and a structural comparison using methyl analogs of sUA such as caffeine metabolites shows that 1,3-dihydroimidazol-2-one is the main functional group. Moreover, sUA at physiological levels prevents crude lipopolysaccharide (cLPS)-induced systemic inflammation and monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced peritonitis in mice by interacting with CD38. Together, this study unveils an unexpected physiological role for sUA in controlling NAD
+
availability and innate immunity through CD38 inhibition, providing a new perspective on sUA homeostasis and purine metabolism.
Caspar specifies primordial germ cell count and identity in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Das Subhradip , Hegde Sushmitha , Wagh Neel , Sudhakaran Jyothish , Roy Adheena Elsa , Deshpande Girish , Ratnaparkhi Girish S
Published: September 2024

Repurposing of pleiotropic factors during execution of diverse cellular processes has emerged as a regulatory paradigm. Embryonic development in metazoans is controlled by maternal factors deposited in the egg during oogenesis. Here, we explore maternal role(s) of Caspar (Casp), the
Drosophila
orthologue of human Fas-associated factor-1 (FAF1) originally implicated in host-defense as a negative regulator of NF-κB signaling. Maternal loss of either Casp or it’s protein partner, Transitional endoplasmic reticulum 94 (TER94) leads to partial embryonic lethality correlated with aberrant centrosome behavior, cytoskeletal abnormalities, and defective gastrulation. Although ubiquitously distributed, both proteins are enriched in the primordial germ cells (PGCs), and in keeping with the centrosome problems, mutant embryos display a significant reduction in the PGC count. Moreover, the total number of pole buds is directly proportional to the level of Casp. Consistently, it’s ‘loss’ and ‘gain’ results in respective reduction and increase in the Oskar protein levels, the master determinant of PGC fate. To elucidate this regulatory loop, we analyzed several known components of mid-blastula transition and identify the translational repressor Smaug, a zygotic regulator of germ cell specification, as a potential critical target. We present a detailed structure-function analysis of Casp aimed at understanding its novel involvement during PGC development.
Optimal robust configuration in cloud environment based on heuristic optimization algorithm
Authors: Zhou Jiaxin , Chen Siyi , Kuang Haiyang , Wang Xu
Published: September 2024

To analyze performance in cloud computing, some unpredictable perturbations that may lead to performance degradation are essential factors that should not be neglected. To prevent performance degradation in cloud computing systems, it is reasonable to measure the impact of the perturbations and propose a robust configuration strategy to maintain the performance of the system at an acceptable level. In this article, unlike previous research focusing on profit maximization and waiting time minimization, our study starts with the bottom line of expected performance degradation due to perturbation. The bottom line is quantified as the minimum acceptable profit and the maximum acceptable waiting time, and then the corresponding feasible region is defined. By comparing between the system’s actual working performance and the bottom line, the concept of robustness is invoked as a guiding basis for configuring server size and speed in feasible regions, so that the performance of the cloud computing system can be maintained at an acceptable level when perturbed. Subsequently, to improve the robustness of the system as much as possible, discuss the robustness measurement method. A heuristic optimization algorithm is proposed and compared with other heuristic optimization algorithms to verify the performance of the algorithm. Experimental results show that the magnitude error of the solution of our algorithm compared with the most advanced benchmark scheme is on the order of 10−6, indicating the accuracy of our solution.
Mosquitoes on a chip—environmental DNA-based detection of invasive mosquito species using high-throughput real-time PCR
Authors: Wittwer Claudia , Sharif Chinhda , Schöck Isabelle , Klimpel Sven
Published: September 2024

The monitoring of mosquitoes is of great importance due to their vector competence for a variety of pathogens, which have the potential to imperil human and animal health. Until now mosquito occurrence data is mainly obtained with conventional monitoring methods including active and passive approaches, which can be time- and cost-consuming. New monitoring methods based on environmental DNA (eDNA) could serve as a fast and robust complementary detection system for mosquitoes. In this pilot study already existing marker systems targeting the three invasive mosquito species Aedes (Ae.) albopictus, Ae. japonicus and Ae. koreicus were used to detect these species from water samples via microfluidic array technology. We compared the performance of the high-throughput real-time PCR (HT-qPCR) system Biomark HD with real-time PCR (qPCR) and also tested the effect of different filter media (Sterivex® 0.45 µm, Nylon 0.22 µm, PES 1.2 µm) on eDNA detectability. By using a universal qPCR protocol and only 6-FAM-MGB probes we successfully transferred these marker systems on the HT-qPCR platform. All tested marker systems detected the target species at most sites, where their presence was previously confirmed. Filter media properties, the final filtration volume and observed qPCR inhibition did not affect measured Ct values via qPCR or HT-qPCR. The Ct values obtained from HT-qPCR were significantly lower as Ct values measured by qPCR due to the previous preamplification step, still these values were highly correlated. Observed incongruities in eDNA detection probability, as manifested by non-reproducible results and false positive detections, could be the result of methodological aspects, such as sensitivity and specificity issues of the used assays, or ecological factors such as varying eDNA release patterns. In this study, we show the suitability of eDNA-based detection of mosquito species from water samples using a microfluidic HT-qPCR platform. HT-qPCR platforms such as Biomark HD allow for massive upscaling of tested species-specific assays and sampling sites with low time- and cost-effort, thus this methodology could serve as basis for large-scale mosquito monitoring attempts. The main goal in the future is to develop a robust (semi)-quantitative microfluidic-based eDNA mosquito chip targeting all haematophagous culicid species occurring in Western Europe. This chip would enable large-scale eDNA-based screenings to assess mosquito diversity, to monitor species with confirmed or suspected vector competence, to assess the invasion progress of invasive mosquito species and could be used in pathogen surveillance, when disease agents are incorporated.
Evaluation of rabi season sesame productivity from graded nutrient doses and tillage regimes in rice fallows of southern plateau and hills region of the Indian sub-continent
Authors: Chandrasekaran Harisudan , Ramesh K. , Yadav Praduman , Pasala Ratnakumar , Sathiah Elamathi , Indiragandhi Pandiyan , Perumal Veeramani , Kannan Sivagamy , Karunakaran V. , Perumal Kathirvelan , Rengasamy Baskaran , Kasirajan Subrahmaniyan
Published: September 2024

Background

Only scattered information is available on the tillage and nutrient management information for the sesame crop following rice in the literature. Sesame as an edible oil yielding crop with high levels of unsaturated fatty acids has high international demand due to superior health benefits. Being a small seeded crop, it requires standard tillage and nutrient management to obtain optimum productivity under rice fallow ecologies. As a sequential crop after rice harvest, the tillage and nutrient management practices followed for the preceding rice have astounding effects on the succeeding sesame crop. To better understand and manipulate the agro ecology in the rice fallow culture, it is necessary to study the behaviour of sesame cultivars, in relation to the tillage requirements and macro nutrient factors that have a bearing on the productivity.

Methods

The aim of this work was to evaluate the productivity of rice fallow sesame in the southern plateau and hills regions of the Indian sub-continent (Tamil Nadu) with a hypothesis that tillage and nutrient management would immensely benefit the sesame crop. Field experiments were conducted at TNAU, Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute, Aduturai, Tamil Nadu during 2019–2020 and 2020–2021 with tillage practices (reduced tillage, conventional tillage and zero tillage) and fertilizer doses (zero percent RDF, 25% RDF, 50% RDF, 75% RDF and 100% RDF) in a split plot design replicated thrice.

Results

The results have clearly indicated that the performance of rice fallow sesame was poor under zero till conditions as the sesame crop is poorly adapted leading to a yield penalty up to 68%. A total of 75% RDF has yielded statistically similar yield to that of 100% RDF to the rice fallow sesame. Further, neither the oil content nor the fatty acid composition was modified by tillage and nutrient management regimes.
Effects of a recent volcanic eruption on the isolated population of the iconic red-billed chough in La Palma, Canary Islands
Authors: Blanco Guillermo , Palacios-Martínez Iñigo , Frías Óscar , González del Barrio José L. , Carrete Martina
Published: September 2024

The effects of volcanic eruptions on ecosystems, particularly on oceanic islands, have been widely studied because of their important role in land formation, climate patterns and biological processes. Although these phenomena can lead to habitat loss, population decline and even species extinction, their effects on isolated populations, especially vertebrates, are not fully understood due to the paucity of pre-eruption data and in situ observations. Here, we assess the impact of the recent eruption of the Tajogaite volcano in La Palma, Canary Islands, on a unique population of red-billed choughs (Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax), an emblematic bird species that symbolises the natural heritage of the island. Pre- and post-eruption surveys showed that the eruption did not significantly affect the overall size or distribution of the population, although the number of choughs decreased after the eruption in the northern and central roosts, and increased in the southern ones. Although the eruption resulted in the release of toxic gases and ash, the observed changes in chough distribution and numbers could be attributed to environmental variability and the use of different foraging areas by individuals rather than direct effects of the volcano. The high mobility of choughs may have allowed them to avoid the negative effects of the volcano in the immediate aftermath of the eruption. Future studies are recommended to assess the long-term effects of volcanic ash on feeding habitats and the possible accumulation of contaminants, such as heavy metals, in the food chain. This will allow not only to monitor the presence of these compounds in ecosystems, but also to understand the response of this species to environmental changes and ensure its conservation.
Descripción de procesos de orientación vocacional en colegios de la ciudad de Asunción.
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Giménez Schupmann María Verónica
Published: September 2024

Actualmente existe una gran oferta de carreras universitarias en distintasuniversidades y los estudiantes deben tomar una decisión acerca de su futuro profesionaly académico al terminar el colegio. Entonces, ¿cuál es la importancia de realizar procesosde orientación vocacional? Pues que estos brindan a los estudiantes de los últimos años decolegio las herramientas necesarias para tomar esa decisión y todo lo que necesitan paradesempeñarse adecuadamente en el mundo académico universitario. El objetivo de estainvestigación fue describir los procesos de orientación vocacional llevados a cabo encolegios de la ciudad de Asunción, además de indagar las expectativas que tienen losestudiantes acerca de los mismos. Por otra parte, se indagó acerca de las experiencias quehan tenido estudiantes universitarios, mientras estaban en el colegio, en relación a losprocesos de orientación vocacional.Los datos fueron recabados a partir de entrevistas realizadas a las orientadoras delos colegios y de encuestas aplicadas a los estudiantes del último año de los mismoscolegios. Además, fueron encuestados estudiantes universitarios de segundo y tercercursos de dos carreras distintas de una universidad de la misa ciudad. Para el análisis delos datos se utilizó la teoría fundamentada y la estadística descriptiva.Los resultados indican, que a pesar de contar con procesos de orientaciónvocacional en la mayoría de los colegios, éstos no son realizados de manera completa ylos estudiantes sienten una gran necesidad, expresada por ambos grupos, (tantouniversitarios como de colegios) de contar con este tipo de procesos, tanto en los colegioscomo en la universidad.Por su parte, las orientadoras manifestaron estar de acuerdo en la relevancia deestos procesos y que es necesario contar con materiales adecuados a la realidad nacionalpara obtener una visión más real de las habilidades de los estudiantes y de las carreras quetienen a su disposición.
Empowering Women: Pilates as a Holistic Approach to Alleviate Dysmenorrhea Symptoms: A Systemic Review
Authors: Chaudhary Palak , Upadhyay Neha , Sharma Ankita
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Dysmenorrhea, characterised by painful menstrual cramps, is a prevalent condition affecting a significant portion of the female population worldwide. Despite its common occurrence, the management of dysmenorrhea often remains inadequate, with reliance on pharmacological interventions that may offer temporary relief but come with potential side effects and long-term consequences. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of pilates as a holistic approach to alleviate dysmenorrhea symptoms, with the goal of empowering women in managing their menstrual health more effectively. Materials and Methods: The study’s literature review spanned several databases—PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar—complemented by manual reference list searches. The search strategy incorporated keywords such as “Pilates,” “dysmenorrhea,” “menstrual pain management,” and “nonpharmacological interventions for dysmenorrhea.” This approach yielded 98 articles, from which six full-text available articles, published from 2014 to January 2024, were selected for their insights into the pilates-dysmenorrhea nexus. This research engaged women diagnosed with dysmenorrhea, with pre- and post-intervention assessments measuring pain levels and physical function using standardised tools. Results: Preliminary outcomes indicate a marked reduction in menstrual pain and an enhancement in physical function among participants undertaking pilates exercises, compared to those in the control group. Conclusion: Pilates exercises offer a holistic and comprehensive management strategy for dysmenorrhea, addressing both its physical and psychological dimensions. The study affirms pilates as an effective, non invasive way to ease dysmenorrhea symptoms.
Efficacy of Spencer’s Technique in Adhesive Capsulitis: A Literature Review
Authors: Mondal Krishnagopal , Sharma Sunita
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Adhesive capsulitis, characterised by escalating pain and gradual joint mobility restriction of uncertain origin, poses significant challenges in daily activities over months to years. Among numerous treatment modalities, the Spencer technique emerges as a distinctive and highly promising approach, offering notable improvements in pain relief, reduction of disability, and enhancement of range of motion for individuals afflicted with this condition. Aim: To provide a comprehensive summary of the current body of literature pertaining to the efficacy of Spencer’s technique in patients diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis. Materials and Methods: A total of 2,788 articles were initially collected from electronic search engines like PubMed and Google Scholar. Studies incorporating individuals aged 30 years or older, diagnosed with frozen shoulder, and utilising Spencer’s technique as an intervention were included. However, only 10 relevant articles were included in this review and analysed further, following removal of duplication. Results: While most the studies demonstrated significant findings of Spencer’s technique on ROM (p<0.05), they presented diverse results concerning pain levels and SPADI scores. Also, 3 articles have indicated that Mulligan mobilisation exhibits greater efficacy compared to the Spencer technique in adhesive capsulitis patients. Conclusion: Spencer’s technique demonstrates significant differences in pre-post outcomes versus conventional methods but lacks superiority over Mulligan mobilisation, supported by moderate evidence. Additionally, other manual therapy techniques’ efficacy remains scarce or limited in comparison.
A Comparison of Myofascial Release and Positional Release in Conjunction with Static Stretching for Treatment of Upper Trapezius Trigger Points among University Students: A Pilot Study
Authors: Yadav Rubi , Sharma Sunita
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Myofascial trigger points are considered to be a major cause of neck pain and shoulder muscle tenderness among the working population. Aim: To investigate the efficacy of combining Myofascial Release Therapy (MFR) and Positional Release Therapy (PRT) on pain intensity and pain tolerance for managing neck pain caused by Myofascial Trigger Points (MTrPs) of the upper trapezius muscle. Materials and Methods: A pilot study was conducted in the Department of Physiotherapy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India on a total of 16 participants were randomly assigned to Group A (MFR) and Group B (PRT), receiving treatment 3 days a week for two weeks. Both groups also received conventional treatment (such as static stretching of the upper trapezius along with a cold pack). The Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and the Pain Pressure Threshold (PPT) were employed to compare the pre- and postintervention assessment of the participants. Results: As the baseline data were normally distributed, the statistical analysis used independent t-tests for between-group comparisons and paired t-tests for within-group analysis. For within-group analysis, both groups revealed highly significant improvement (p<0.05) in all the outcome measures such as (NPRS and PPT). However, upon comparing both groups, the between-group analysis showed significant improvement across all parameters (p<0.05). Conclusion: Both PRT and MFR combined with static stretching were found to be effective in reducing pain and raising the pain threshold; however, comparing patients who received MFR combined with static stretching had more significant results.
Impact of Manual Therapy Techniques in Individuals with Text Neck Syndrome: A Narrative Review
Authors: . Shavez , Sharma Sunita
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Manual therapy can help to improve pain, range of motion, strength, functional disability etc. Techniques like Elongation Longitudinaux Avec Decoaption Osteo-articulaire (ELDOA), Myofascial release, Muscle Energy Technique (MET), Neck Stabilisation exercises etc, targets specific areas affected by text neck syndrome and provide valuable management strategies. Aim: To summarise all the available evidences on how manual therapy techniques can help individuals with Text neck syndrome. Materials and Methods: A narrative review search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane library, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) from year 2019 to January 2024. The search terms- “Text neck syndrome”, “Manual therapy”, “Physiotherapy” were used. The studies which included both males and females aged 18-35 years with text neck syndrome, full text Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) and Quasi-experimental studies were included. Results: Total 1,464 articles were found on different databases. A total of nine articles which met the inclusion criteria were included in this narrative review, out of which seven were randomised trials and two were quasi-experimental studies. Most of the manual therapy techniques found to be significantly effective in reducing pain, functional disability, improving Range of Motion (ROM) and strength while the cervical stabilisation exercise with visual feedback was effective for the proprioception and the neck stabilisation and contrology training increased Craniovertebral Angle (CVA) in individuals with text neck syndrome. Conclusion: The present review concluded that manual therapy techniques which authors reviewed were safe and effective in reducing pain, functional disability, improving ROM and strength in individuals with text neck syndrome.
A Literature Review on Graston-assisted Soft Tissue Mobilisation Technique in Patients with Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: Maurya Sanam , Sharma Sunita
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Plantar fasciitis is a common condition characterised by inflammation and microtears of the plantar-fascia, resulting in heel pain and impaired foot function. Traditional treatments include stretching, orthotics and physical therapy. Graston-assisted soft tissue mobilisation has emerged as a promising adjunctive therapy for plantar fasciitis, aiming to improve outcomes through targeted tissue manipulation. Aim: To critically evaluate existing research on the effectiveness of Graston-assisted Soft Tissue Mobilisation (GASTM) techniques in treating patients with plantar fasciitis. Materials and Methods: A literature search was conducted from Pubmed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar from year February 2014 to February 2024. The search utilised MeSH key terms such as “Plantar fasciitis”, “Graston technique”, “Soft tissue mobilisation”, “Quality of life”, “Range of motion” employing Sanam Maurya, Postgraduate Student, Department of Physiotherapy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India. Sunita Sharma, Associate Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India. A Literature Review on Graston-assisted Soft Tissue Mobilisation Technique in Patients with Plantar Fasciitis Abstract ID: PG-43 Boolean operators (AND, OR). A total of 2642 articles were found from different databases. Duplicate articles was removed. A total of six articles fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included for the present review. Results: The reviewed literature primarily employed outcome measures like Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Foot and Ankle Disability Index (FADI) and Foot Function Index (FFI). Out of 2642 articles, only six met the criteria in which Graston technique effect on plantar fasciitis was evaluated and were included in the review. The review demonstrated that the Graston therapy significantly improves plantar fasciitis. Conclusion: The GASTM can effectively reduce soft tissue restriction, alleviate plantar-fascia pain, increase dorsiflexion range, and improve foot and ankle function.
Effect of Soft Tissue Mobilisation on Somatic Symptoms in Chronic Low Back Pain Patients: A Pilot Pretest Post-test Randomised Clinical Trial
Authors: Kumar Sourabh , Goyal Manu
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Numerous studies suggest a significant correlation between Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP) and somatic symptoms. These symptoms often stem from altered fascial biomechanics. Implementing Soft Tissue Mobilisation (STM) techniques aimed at restoring fascial biomechanics can markedly alleviate somatic symptoms associated with CLBP. Aim: To assess the efficacy of STM in alleviating somatic symptoms in patients with Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP). Materials and Methods: A pilot pretest post-test randomised clinical trial was conducted in the Department of Physiotherapy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India, from July 2023 to December 2023, on participants diagnosed with Non Specific Chronic Low Back Pain (NSCLBP) accompanied by somatic symptoms. The experimental group (Group 1), n=6 (41.00±6.29 years), received myofascial unwinding and myofascial release. In contrast, the clinical group (Group 2), n=6 (43.83±11.20 years), received conventional physiotherapy care, including structured exercises and electrophysical modalities, over 4 weeks. Both groups underwent three sessions per week, amounting to 12 sessions in total. The evaluation of somatic symptoms was conducted using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) at baseline and after the 4 weeks. Results: The statistical analysis demonstrated significant withingroup differences in HDRS (p-value=0.002) in Group 1, and no statistically significant difference in Group 2 (p-value=0.749). The between-group analysis demonstrated a statistically significant difference in HDRS (p=0.035) with a large effect size (d=1.4). Conclusion: STM effectively improves somatic symptoms in NSCLBP patients. The beneficial effect of STM on somatic symptoms can be translated into clinical practice after strengthening results in the larger population.
Effectiveness of Physiotherapy Intervention in the Symptomatic Management of Hirayama Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Kashyap Bhumika , . Kanika , Chatterjee Subhasish
Published: September 2024

Hirayama Disease (HD) is an infrequent condition. Due to its rarity and misdiagnosed nature, epidemiological data is limited. Therefore, the present study aimed to find the effectiveness of physiotherapy intervention in the symptomatic management of HD. The results of the present study provided evidence for the development of standardised protocol for treatment to manage the symptoms of HD. Hereby. the authors present a case of a 20-year-old male, who presented with the chief complaint of weakness in bilateral hands for the past 3 years. The patient was examined for upper limb motor functions using Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV), Manual Muscle Testing (MMT), Patient-related Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) and Patientrelated Hand Evaluation, Quality of Life (QoL) Scale, Handheld Dynamometer (HHD) and Pinchmeter. Pre and post-intervention analysis of outcome measures were used to show the differences n the improvement of the patient’s symptoms. There was a clinical and symptomatic improvement in the scoring of PRWE from 29 to 6, NCV (30.17 m/s to 35.80 m/s on right side median nerve, 28.23 m/s to 32.06 m/s on right side ulnar nerve, 32.87 m/s to 37.23 m/s on left side median nerve, 32.13 m/s to 40.12 m/s on left ulnar nerve), MMT (from grade 2 or 3 to grade 3, 4 or 4+), QOL (72 to 99), HHD (0.3 lb to 0.5 lb of left side and 0.1 lb to 0.5 lb of right side) and Pinchmeter (0.5 lb to 3 lb of left and 0.2 lb to 1 lb of right side). The treatment given was effective in improving the patient’s symptoms. The results can be used to conduct further studies to add evidence-based literature in physiotherapy practice.