bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seeing Ɔ, remembering C: Illusions in short-term memory
Authors: Otten Marte , Seth Anil K. , Pinto Yair
Published: April 2023

Perception can be shaped by our expectations, which can lead to perceptual illusions. Similarly, long-term memories can be shaped to fit our expectations, which can generate false memories. However, it is generally assumed that short-term memory for percepts formed just 1 or 2 seconds ago accurately represents the percepts as they were at the time of perception. Here 4 experiments consistently show that within this timeframe, participants go from reliably reporting what was there (perceptual inference accurately reflecting the bottom-up input), to erroneously but with high confidence reporting what they expected to be there (memory report strongly influenced by top-down expectations). Together, these experiments show that expectations can reshape perceptual representations over short time scales, leading to what we refer to as short-term memory (STM) illusions. These illusions appeared when participants saw a memory display which contained real and pseudo-letters (i.e. mirrored letters). Within seconds after the memory display disappeared, high confidence memory errors increased substantially. This increase in errors over time indicates that the high confidence errors do not (purely) result from incorrect perceptual encoding of the memory display. Moreover, high confidence errors occurred mainly for pseudo-to-real letter memories, and much less often for real-to-pseudo-letter memories, indicating that visual similarity is not the primary cause of this memory-bias. Instead ‘world knowledge’ (e.g., which orientation letters usually have) appear to drive these STM illusions. Our findings support a predictive processing view of the formation and maintenance of memory in which all memory stages, including STM, involve integration of bottom-up memory input with top-down predictions, such that prior expectations can shape memory traces.
The Polish adaptation of the measurements of rule-governed behaviors: Generalized Pliance Questionnaire, Generalized Tracking Questionnaire and Generalized Self-Pliance Questionnaire
Authors: Dudek Joanna , Cyniak-Cieciura Maria , Ostaszewski Paweł
Published: April 2023

In some circumstances rule-governed behavior, a behavior that is governed by verbal rules instead of environmental consequences, may be beneficial for human beings. At the same time, rigid rule following is associated with psychopathology. Thus measurement of rule-governed behavior may be of special use in a clinical setting. The aim of this paper is to assess the psychometric properties of Polish adaptations of three questionnaires measuring generalized tendency to engage in various types of rule-governed behaviors: Generalized Pliance Questionnaire (GPQ), Generalized Self-Pliance Questionnaire (GSPQ), Generalized Tracking Questionnaire (GTQ). A forward-backward method was used for translation. Data was collected from two samples: general population (N = 669) and university students (N = 451). To measure the validity of the adapted scales the participants filled in a set of self-assessed questionnaires: Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale– 21 (DASS-21), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–II (AAQ-II), Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ), Valuing Questionnaire (VQ) and Rumination—Reflection Questionnaire (RRQ). The exploratory and confirmatory analyses confirmed the unidimensional structure of each of the adapted scales. All of those scales presented good reliability (internal consistency measured with Cronbach Alpha) and item-total correlations. The Polish versions of questionnaires presented significant correlations in the expected directions with relevant psychological variables in line with the original studies. The measurement occurred invariant across both samples as well as gender. The results provide evidence that Polish versions of GPQ, GSPQ and GTQ present sufficient validity and reliability to be used in the Polish-speaking population.
The concurrent impacts of drought and leaf harvesting on two traditional African vegetable non-timber forest product species
Authors: Sinasson S. Gisele K. , Shackleton Charlie M.
Published: April 2023

Investigating the concurrent impacts with harvesting on wild vegetables can guide their sustainable management while contributing to the understanding of such impacts on NTFP species. This study investigated leaf production, morphological and growth responses to the concurrent impacts of drought and leaf harvesting between two wild vegetables. A randomized greenhouse experiment was implemented with 1,334 plants of Amaranthus sp. and 391 of B. pilosa. A drought treatment was first implemented through six levels of drought stress and a control treatment. The harvesting treatment consisted of four harvesting levels and was implemented twice. Measurements were recorded before first and second harvests and at end of experiment. Data were separated into two periods (after first and second harvests) and analyzed using Multivariate Analysis of Variance and log-linear analysis. The results showed significant effects of drought on both species. However, Amaranthus sp. appeared more resilient to reduction in the daily amount of water than reduction in the frequency, while B. pilosa was resilient under both facets of drought stress. For Amaranthus sp., basal diameter, its growth, leaf production and survival increased with increase in the harvesting level (with some exceptions) after first harvest. After second harvest, there was decrease in plant height and leaf production. In B. pilosa, the impact was only significant on survival and leaf production (after first harvest). The effect of the interaction of the two drivers was significant for Amaranthus sp., but not for B. pilosa. The results also highlighted the possible negative impact of a prolonged high rate harvesting on the species performance, especially under severe drought. Basal diameter, its growth, survival and leaf production appeared more resilient to reduced amounts of watering in Amaranthus sp., and under both types of drought stress for B. pilosa. This suggests that both species could be sustained under medium drought stress.
Use of the waxworm Galleria mellonella larvae as an infection model to study Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Ten Kah Ern , Muzahid Nazmul Hasan , Rahman Sadequr , Tan Hock Siew
Published: April 2023

Galleria mellonella larvae have been increasingly used in research, including microbial infection studies. They act as suitable preliminary infection models to study host-pathogen interactions due to their advantages, such as the ability to survive at 37°C mimicking human body temperature, their immune system shares similarities with mammalian immune systems, and their short life cycle allowing large-scale studies. Here, we present a protocol for simple rearing and maintenance of G. mellonella without requiring special instruments and specialized training. This allows the continuous supply of healthy G. mellonella for research purposes. Besides, this protocol also provides detailed procedures on the (i) G. mellonella infection assays (killing assay and bacterial burden assay) for virulence studies and (ii) bacterial cell harvesting from infected larvae and RNA extraction for bacterial gene expression studies during infection. Our protocol could not only be used in the studies of A. baumannii virulence but can also be modified according to different bacterial strains.
Amitriptyline’s anticholinergic adverse drug reactions–A systematic multiple-indication review and meta-analysis
Authors: Brueckle Maria-Sophie , Thomas Elizabeth T. , Seide Svenja Elisabeth , Pilz Maximilian , Gonzalez-Gonzalez Ana I. , Dinh Truc Sophia , Gerlach Ferdinand M. , Harder Sebastian , Glasziou Paul P. , Muth Christiane
Published: April 2023

Background

Half the US population uses drugs with anticholinergic properties. Their potential harms may outweigh their benefits. Amitriptyline is among the most frequently prescribed anticholinergic medicinal products, is used for multiple indications, and rated as strongly anticholinergic. Our objective was to explore and quantify (anticholinergic) adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in patients taking amitriptyline vs. placebo in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving adults and healthy individuals.

Methods

We searched electronic databases from their inception until 09/2022, and clinical trial registries from their inception until 09/2022. We also performed manual reference searches. Two independent reviewers selected RCTs with ≥100 participants of ≥18 years, that compared amitriptyline (taken orally) versus placebo for all indications. No language restrictions were applied. One reviewer extracted study data, ADRs, and assessed study quality, which two others verified. The primary outcome was frequency of anticholinergic ADRs as a binary outcome (absolute number of patients with/without anticholinergic ADRs) in amitriptyline vs. placebo groups.

Results

Twenty-three RCTs (mean dosage 5mg to 300mg amitriptyline/day) and 4217 patients (mean age 40.3 years) were included. The most frequently reported anticholinergic ADRs were dry mouth, drowsiness, somnolence, sedation, fatigue, constitutional, and unspecific anticholinergic ADRs. Random-effects meta-analyses showed anticholinergic ADRs had a higher odd’s ratio for amitriptyline versus placebo (OR = 7.41; [95% CI, 4.54 to 12.12]). Non-anticholinergic ADRs were as frequent for amitriptyline as placebo. Meta-regression analysis showed anticholinergic ADRs were not dose-dependent.

Discussion

The large OR in our analysis shows that ADRs indicative of anticholinergic activities can be attributed to amitriptyline. The low average age of participants in our study may limit the generalizability of the frequency of anticholinergic ADRs in older patients. A lack of dose-dependency may reflect limited reporting of the daily dosage when the ADRs occurred. The exclusion of small studies (<100 participants) decreased heterogeneity between studies, but may also have reduced our ability to detect rare events. Future studies should focus on older people, as they are more susceptible to anticholinergic ADRs.

Registration

PROSPERO: CRD42020111970.
Sodium regulates PLC and IP3R‐mediated calcium signaling in invasive breast cancer cells
Authors: James Andrew D. , Unthank Katherine P. , Jones Isobel , Sajjaboontawee Nattanan , Sizer Rebecca E. , Chawla Sangeeta , Evans Gareth J. O. , Brackenbury William J.
Published: April 2023

Intracellular Ca2+ signaling and Na+ homeostasis are inextricably linked via ion channels and co‐transporters, with alterations in the concentration of one ion having profound effects on the other. Evidence indicates that intracellular Na+ concentration ([Na+]i) is elevated in breast tumors, and that aberrant Ca2+ signaling regulates numerous key cancer hallmark processes. The present study therefore aimed to determine the effects of Na+ depletion on intracellular Ca2+ handling in metastatic breast cancer cell lines. The relationship between Na+ and Ca2+ was probed using fura‐2 and SBFI fluorescence imaging and replacement of extracellular Na+ with equimolar N‐methyl‐D‐glucamine (0Na+/NMDG) or choline chloride (0Na+/ChoCl). In triple‐negative MDA‐MB‐231 and MDA‐MB‐468 cells and Her2+ SKBR3 cells, but not ER+ MCF‐7 cells, 0Na+/NMDG and 0Na+/ChoCl resulted in a slow, sustained depletion in [Na+]i that was accompanied by a rapid and sustained increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). Application of La3+ in nominal Ca2+‐free conditions had no effect on this response, ruling out reverse‐mode NCX activity and Ca2+ entry channels. Moreover, the Na+‐linked [Ca2+]i increase was independent of membrane potential hyperpolarization (NS‐1619), but was inhibited by pharmacological blockade of IP3 receptors (2‐APB), phospholipase C (PLC, U73122) or following depletion of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores (cyclopiazonic acid). Thus, Na+ is linked to PLC/IP3‐mediated activation of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release in metastatic breast cancer cells and this may have an important role in breast tumors where [Na+]i is perturbed.
A randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of electrical vestibular nerve stimulation (VeNS), compared to a sham control for the management of sleep in young adults
Authors: Goothy Sai Sailesh Kumar , Vijayaraghavan Rajagopalan , Chakraborty Hirok
Published: April 2023

Objectives

Preliminary research suggests that electrical vestibular nerve stimulation (VeNS) may improve sleep outcomes by influencing the hypothalamus and brainstem nuclei involved in regulating the circadian rhythm and wakefulness. This randomised, sham-controlled trial aimed to assess the effectiveness of VeNS on insomnia in young adults.

Methods

Eighty adults aged 18–24 years were randomly allocated to the intervention (n=40) and control groups (n=40). The intervention group was provided with 30 min per day of VeNS with five sessions weekly for four weeks, while the control group received sham stimulation for the same period. Baseline Insomnia Sleep Index (ISI) scores were recorded weekly. At baseline and at day 28, questionnaires to evaluate emotional states of depression, anxiety and stress, and quality of life (QoL) were completed. The primary outcome was change in ISI with comparison between baseline and day 28.

Results

The VeNS group significantly reduced their mean ISI score after 7 days usage (p<0.001). At day 28 it was found that mean ISI scores had reduced from 19 to 11 in the VeNS group, and from 19 to 18 in the sham group, and the difference between the groups was significant (p<0.001). Moreover, application of VeNS appeared to significantly improve emotional state and QoL outcomes.

Conclusions

This trial demonstrates that regular VeNS usage over four weeks leads to a clinically meaningful decrease in ISI scores in young adults with insomnia. VeNS may have potential as a drug-free and non-invasive therapy to improve sleep outcomes by positively influencing the hypothalamic and brainstem nuclei.
Students as co-creators of the education process - assessment of the impact of selected factors on shaping the culture of knowledge sharing at universities
Authors:   SWPS Uniwersytet Humanistycznospołeczny, Łużniak-Piecha Magdalena , Golińska Agnieszka ,   SWPS Uniwersytet Humanistycznospołeczny, Żukowska Katarzyna ,   SWPS Uniwersytet Humanistycznospołeczny, Brdulak Jakub ,   Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie, Rogiński Mikołaj ,   SWPS Uniwersytet Humanistycznospołeczny, Nieznańska-Cwynar Agnieszka ,   Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa w Warszawie
Published: April 2023

The aim of the study is to analyze the relationship between 1) perceived organizational support from the university, and 2) student involvement in the study process described from the perspective of the concept of knowledge-sharing culture. In addition, we analyze the impact of these factors on the student's average grade obtained in the last academic year. The study presented here focuses on the interaction of the following factors: 1) perceived organizational support from the university, and 2) student involvement in the study process. The concept of the culture of knowledge-sharing is a theoretical basis for the analysis. As a result, the research explores the impact of the factors (1 and 2) mentioned above on the effectiveness of the student's academic development. Based on the literature review, it is being assumed that the culture of knowledge-sharing is built in a two-way process: on the one hand, the university is to support the students in their development, and on the other hand, students themselves are to show commitment to this process. However, the available literature does not clearly indicate the strength of the relationship or the directions of influence between the elements of the model. The study conducted to create this analysis consisted of two stages: the first was carried out in June 2019, the second in May 2020, after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. This allowed for more complete conclusions regarding the interaction of factors responsible for building the academic culture of sharing knowledge. Regardless of whether students work in a classroom or in an e-classroom (remotely), the results show that the basis for their involvement is the support they perceive from universities, setting ambitious tasks for them, and accompanying them in overcoming emerging challenges. The factor modifying the relationship between university support and the effectiveness of academic development turned out to be the student's involvement in the study process.
Employee engagement and their job satisfaction in remote working conditions
Authors:   Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Poznaniu, Stefańska Magdalena , Grabowski Gabriel ,   Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Poznaniu
Published: April 2023

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to a very large increase in the proportion of time spent working remotely to total working time. To date, this form has been used primarily by enterprises with branches dispersed across one or multiple countries. This form of performing duties by employees brought a number of benefits in the form of acceleration of decision-making processes, and reduction of time and costs. In the past, teleworking time was regulated according to needs and supported by a significantly reduced number of face-to-face employee meetings. With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, remote work has become the main or only form of contact with colleagues and superiors in many situations related to the ban on movement, regardless of the place of business. At that time, employers were concerned that it would not result in a decrease in employee engagement and job satisfaction. The article was intended to identify and assess the relationship and cause-and-effect relationship between commitment and job satisfaction in the context of remote work. The results of the study helped to expand knowledge about relationships. It has been confirmed that there is a positive relationship between employee engagement and job satisfaction; In addition, employees distinguish between commitment to work and organization, and the impact of types of commitment on job satisfaction varies. It has also been shown that both remote work and employee involvement affect their job satisfaction.
Pengaruh Tekanan Kompaksi Terhadap Densitas, Porositas, dan Struktur Mikro Kowi (Crucible) Berbahan Evaporation Boats, Kaolin, Castable, dan Abu Sekam Padi
Authors: Krismanto Pradana Hery , Rusiyanto Rusiyanto , Widodo Rahmat Doni , Kriswanto Kriswanto , Firmansyah Hendrix Noviyanto
Published: April 2023

Indonesia banyak industri yang menghasilkan berbagai macam barang atau bahan yang dibutuhkan untuk produksi seperti industri Metalyzing Plastic. Industri tersebut menggunakan evaporation boats dalam jumlah banyak dan dengan masa pakai yang relatif cepat. Kowi grafit memiliki spesifikasi standar yang sudah ada seperti besar nilai densitas, tekanan kompaksi, dan konduktivitas termal.Variasi tekanan kompaksi yang diberikan yaitu 30 M.Pa, 35 M.Pa, 40 M.Pa, and 45 M.Pa. Komposisi bahan yang digunakan adalah 50% evaporation boats, 20% kaolin, 20% castable, 10% abu sekam padi. Pengujian yang dilakukan adalah x-ray diffraction, densitas, porositas, dan struktur mikro. Hasil XRD menujukkan adanya Titanium Boride 21,3 %, Boron Nitride 36,2 %, Kaolinite 38,8 %, Cristobalite 3,7 %. Hasil test Struktur mikro didapatkan kecenderungan fasa berwarna putih berubah menjadi berwarna hitam seiring naiknya tekanan kompaksi. Nilai densitas terbesar pada tekanan kompaksi 45 M.Pa sebesar 2.43 gr / cmÂ³ dan terendah pada tekanan kompaksi 30 M.Pa sebesar 1.84 gr / cmÂ³, dan berbanding terbalik pada nilai porositas.
A Quality Improvement Project to Reduce Antibiotic Exposure in Premature Neonates
Authors: Fischer Ashley Michelle , Mitchell Jennifer L. , Stanley Kaylee C. , Javed M. Jawad
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Overuse of antibiotics in NICUs is a problem worldwide. Unnecessary antibiotic exposure leads to resistance, changes in the microbiome, and increases the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, periventricular leukomalacia, necrotizing enterocolitis, late-onset sepsis (LOS), and mortality in neonates. We aimed to safely reduce the antibiotic usage rate (AUR) in our level IV unit by 10% by December 2018.

METHODS

A multidisciplinary quality improvement project took place as part of a Vermont Oxford Network initiative in 2018. Multiple interventions took place, including identification of variations in practices and subsequent standardization through the creation of early onset and LOS guidelines, mass education, improved visibility of the guidelines, and standardized documentation. The main outcome measure for this project was the AUR for infants born <35 weeks’ gestation expressed as antibiotic doses per 1000 patient days.

RESULTS

The AUR decreased from a mean of 524 to 394, for a decrease of 24.8%. Results have been sustained for 3 years. Main contributors that led to the sustained success include decreasing the overall use of antibiotics for early onset sepsis, as well as the duration when cultures are negative. The number of LOS courses also decreased slightly. We noted no cases of inadequately treated sepsis resulting in subsequent positive cultures.

CONCLUSIONS

Creation of guidelines with mass education and ongoing feedback/monitoring can result in a safe reduction of AUR in the NICU.
COVID–19 és onkohematológia
Authors: Udvardy Miklós , Illés Árpád
Published: April 2023

Összefoglaló. Az áttekintő közlemény foglalkozik a legfontosabb
olyan helyzetekkel, amely a koronavírus-betegség (COVID–19) pandémia idején a
kemo- és biológiai terápiás irányelvek változását érinti leukémiában,
lymphomákban, csontvelő-transzplantációs helyzetekben. Külön figyelmet kell
fordítani és eltérő teendőket kell megfogalmazni a kezelési fázisok, például
indukció, konszolidáció, fenntartó és egyéb kezelésmódok tekintetében. Nagy
figyelmet érdemelnek a nemzetközi ajánlások, de egyben finom értékelést is
kívánnak bizonyos gyógyszerek esetében, például monoklonális antitestek,
szteroidok, innovatívabb akut leukémiás szerek, kolóniastimuláló faktorok,
JAK2-gátlók, interferonok, tirozin-kináz-gátlók stb. esetében. Foglalkozunk a
nemzetközi csontvelő-transzplantációval kapcsolatos ajánlásokkal. Mindent
nagyban befolyásol az aktuális COVID-pandémiás helyzet. Természetesen
foglalkozunk a vakcináció kérdéseivel is onkohematológiai kórképekben. A COVID
és az onkohematológia viszonyrendszere a gyakorlati cselekvések terén még mindig
tanuló fázisban van, meg kell találni az összhangot a pandémia és a klinikai
gyakorlat összehangolása tekintetében. A gyorsan változó COVID-helyzet
megkívánja, hogy ismereteinket és cselekvéseinket napi szinten frissen tartsuk,
a szokásosnál többet támaszkodjunk a tapasztalatokra, s figyeljünk oda a
standard publikációk mellett a hitelesnek vélt, s a helyzet miatt
elengedhetetlenül szükséges, gyorsan kommunikált állásfoglalásokra is.

Summary. A brief analysis of international recommendations and
applicable clinical decisions are summarized regarding the clinical care of
oncohaematological patients in the era of COVID-19 pandemic. General
precautionary measures are extremely important. Special attention is paid to
different groups of patients (i.e. leukaemias, lymphomas, transplant
situations), along with analysing different treatment phases, e.g. watch and
wait, induction, consolidation, maintenance, etc. Some recommendations are
really remarkable with some drugs and protocols, however they do need fine
tuning and careful individual decisions, e.g. monoclonal antibodies, steroids,
some innovative agents in acute myeloid leukaemia, colony stimulation, ATRA
based therapies, some 2nd line tyrosine kinase inhibitors in chronic myeloid
leukaemia, etc. Some aspects of international COVID-19 specific
transplantational guidelines are also covered. Vaccination recommendations and
experience are also in the focus. It may not be stressed enough, that we are
still in the learning phase of harmonization of COVID-19 pandemic and
oncohaematology care, this is still a moving target, depending a lot on actual
pandemic situation and periods. Considering ever changing COVID situation one
should follow peer reviewed publications as before, but of course frequently
review new COVID statements, in an effort to preserve, maintain efficiency of
endangered oncohaematological care.
Divulgação... de qual ciência? Reflexões sobre a representação de cientistas na revista Ciência Hoje das Crianças
Authors: Santos Stella Chrystine Camara dos , Valle Mariana Guelero do
Published: April 2023

Resumo: Este estudo objetivou analisar as representações de cientistas presentes na revista Ciência Hoje das Crianças (CHC), apresenta uma abordagem qualitativa e tipologia documental. Utilizou-se o referencial da análise de conteúdo, a partir do qual emergiram três categorias: individualista-elitista, gênero-posição e origem. Com base nas análises, foi possível inferir que a revista CHC apresenta uma dualidade em suas representações, uma vez que ainda traz em seu conteúdo exemplos elitistas e individualistas sobre os(as) cientistas, ao mesmo tempo em que apresenta exemplos com pluralidade de corpos, gêneros etc. Por fim, destacase que o periódico em questão apresenta importância para o Ensino de Ciências, que contribui diretamente para a construção de um imaginário sobre cientistas para quem a lê, tornando-se um espaço fundamental para a quebra de paradigmas que há muito são perpetuados em materiais de Divulgação Científica.
Linguagem imagética na transposição da linguagem algébrica no ensino e aprendizagem da Matemática
Authors: Oliveira Luciano de , Roehrs Rafael
Published: April 2023

Resumo: Este artigo apresenta uma discussão envolvendo aspectos ligados às dificuldades do processo de ensino e aprendizagem da matemática e a sua relação com a linguagem adotada, com foco nas linguagens algébrica e imagética. Desenvolvem-se conceitos que permeiam essas linguagens, ressaltando-se as características da linguagem imagética para a transposição das dificuldades de entendimento da linguagem algébrica. Ao discutir essas concepções de linguagens, propõe-se que a linguagem matemática empregada para o ensino de matemática, em particular a algébrica, pode se valer do apoio da linguagem imagética como um recurso para uma melhor compreensão da Matemática e da linguagem algébrica.
A Covid-19 Como um Analisador do Sofrimento de Enfermeiras: Um Ensaio Teórico
Authors: Cunha Claudia Carneiro da , Sequeira Adriana Pinheiro , Alves Ana Luisa Amaral , Silva Angélica Glória Mendonça da , Rocha Danielly Pierre Procopio da , Lima Madison Sant’ Iago de , Mathias Paolla Pinheiro , Freitas Vitor Benevenuto de
Published: April 2023

Resumo Este ensaio propõe que a Covid-19 pode operar como um analisador, dentro da perspectiva da análise institucional, iluminando um determinado modo de organização social que promove profundas desigualdades e ameaça a vida em diversos níveis e revelando as condições sociais, institucionais e políticas de produção de sofrimento no corpo profissional de Enfermagem. A pandemia desvelou um conjunto de marcas relacionadas à profissão, agravadas pela crise sanitária, reforçando a naturalização das relações de cuidado atribuídas ao feminino, bem como um conjunto de clivagens e hierarquias internas à profissão a partir da sinergia de marcadores da diferença, como gênero, cor/raça, classe e geração. Além disso, este trabalho mostra a presença de uma necropolítica nas respostas à pandemia que banaliza a vida e permite morrer determinados grupos sociais. A ideia de “profissionais de linha de frente” é criticada em suas metáforas bélicas, mas tomada como figura de linguagem em sua potência para afirmar que existem corpos que, pelas marcas sociais e históricas e pela interdependência do cuidado, são mais presentes e exigidos e, portanto, mais vulneráveis à doença e ao sofrimento dela decorrente.
A Antinomia do Mortal e da Imortalidade no Âmbito da Educação
Authors: Batista Eduardo Pereira
Published: April 2023

RESUMO Este artigo busca mostrar de que maneira a atividade da educação no mundo moderno está vinculada com o projeto filosófico arendtiana. A partir de uma breve exposição da hipótese de leitura proposta por Paul Ricoeur, primeiramente, pretende-se destacar o sentido ético-político do projeto filosófico arendtiano. Para Ricoeur, a investigação levada a cabo por Hannah Arendt em A Condição Humana pode ser lida como uma antropologia filosófica, isto é, como um gênero de meditação que busca identificar os traços perduráveis da condição humana, que podem resistir às vicissitudes do mundo moderno. Em seguida, tenta-se explicitar os desdobramentos dessa interpretação a fim de pensar a antinomia do mortal e da imortalidade no âmbito da educação, uma vez que a questão central da antropologia filosófica, conforme Ricoeur, repousa na desproporção íntima da condição temporal dos seres mortais.
Morphological and phenological variability of Guaraní maize germplasm from Northeastern Argentina (NEA)
Authors: Realini María Florencia , Poggio Lidia , Alzogaray Ana María Miante , González Graciela Esther
Published: April 2023

Abstract Morphological and phenological variability of Guaraní maize germplasm from Northeastern Argentina (NEA) are potential sources of genetic resources, constituting valuable repositories of alleles associated with tolerance and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, we studied the morphological and phenological variability in maize populations of 14 Guaraní landraces from NEA and analysed the relationship among them. These landraces were characterised according to the endosperm consistency of grain as Popcorn (Pc), Floury (F) and Floury with corneal periphery (F-Pc). There were inter-population differences in phenological characters as time from germination to tassel emergence, from germination to spike emergence and from germination to anthesis (length of vegetative cycle -LVC). The morphological and phenological data here reported were used to carry out a cluster analysis, in which the F and Pc populations appeared as two separate groups and the F-Pc populations were included in the F group. Thus, the well-defined F (including F-Pc) and Pc genetic pools should be prioritised within the framework of breeding plans as well as ex situ and in situ conservation programs. For these purposes it is essential the morphological, phenological and genetic characterisation the maize Guaraní landraces.
Práticas respiratórias na escola: um ensaio sobre emoções na configuração de volta à presencialidade
Authors: Miglioretto Júlia , Vasques Daniel Giordani
Published: April 2023

RESUMO Este estudo tem como objetivo refletir, com base na teoria do processo civilizador e a partir de experiências empíricas, sobre a inserção de práticas respiratórias na escola no retorno à presencialidade. Caracteriza-se por uma investigação de cunho teórico-reflexivo realizado a partir de experiências decorridas em uma escola privada do município de Porto Alegre em diálogo com a teoria de Norbert Elias. A configuração foi construída a partir de três elementos: 1) ‘A escola como instituição que normatiza comportamentos’, 2) ‘O descontrole controlado das emoções como intencionalidade pedagógica’ e 3) ‘A saúde mental no retorno à presencialidade’. A escola parece ser um espaço importante para o aprendizado de práticas corporais que auxiliem na liberação de emoções.
NATURAL TEAK LEAF VERSUS POLYSTYRENE® AND PAPER: A COMPARISON OF THE ENERGY USED TO MAKE SINGLE-USE PLATES
Authors: Martinus  , Haryanto Agus , Triono Sugeng , Telaumbanua Mareli
Published: April 2023

The earth has been clogged with plastic since it became the dominant form of food packaging. Producing high-quantity plastic-alternative products is a must to try to replace plastic. Natural leaves traditionally have been used for wrapping food and for packaging so they can be a good alternative solution in single-use plates. However, the energy demand for the production and distribution of leaf-based products should be compared with that of other types of materials such as plastic and paper. To estimate, an automatic molding machine was developed, and technology was prepared for teak leaf single-use plate production. The energy demand for the entire life cycle of leaf-based plates was estimated and compared with Polystyrene® and paper single-use plates. The produced leaf-plate energy demand is lower than Polystyrene® and paper plates due to locally sourced raw materials and simple manufacturing. When compared to Polystyrene® and paper, the energy used by leaf plates is only 17.7% of plastic plates and 12.9% of paper plates. In addition, further reduction of energy consumption was determined with the help of numerical modeling.
Ortaokul 5. Sınıf Fen Öğretiminde Arduino Destekli Robotik Kodlama Etkinliklerinin Kullanılması
Authors: GÜVEN Emine , SÜLÜN Yusuf
Published: April 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ortaokul 5. sınıf fen konularında Arduino destekli robotik kodlama uygulamalarının öğrencilerin teknoloji kullanımına ve Fen Bilimleri dersine yönelik tutumları üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi ve yapılan uygulamalar hakkında öğrenci görüşlerinin tespit edilmesidir. Çalışmada karma araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu ortaokul 5. sınıfta öğrenim gören 11 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma iki hafta veri toplama, dört hafta kodlama eğitimi ve beş hafta kodlama robotik etkinlikleri olmak üzere 11 hafta boyunca iki ders saati süresince STEM kulüp dersinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada veri toplamak amacıyla “Fen Bilimleri Dersi Tutum Ölçeği”, “Teknoloji Kullanımına Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği” ve “Yarı Yapılandırılmış Görüşme Formu” kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen nicel verilerin analizinde bağımlı gruplar arasındaki ölçümler için ön ve son test puan ortalamalarını karşılaştırmak amacıyla parametrik olmayan testlerden biri olan Wilcoxon İşaretli Sıralar Testi kullanılmıştır. Nitel verilerin analizinde ise betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, Arduino destekli robotik kodlama etkinliklerinin öğrencilerin fen bilimleri dersine karşı ve derslerde teknoloji kullanımına yönelik tutumlarını artırdığı tespit edilmiştir.
ACADEMIC MOTIVATION OF UNDERGRADUATES: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Tran Thi Le Thu , Nguyen Duc Son , Nguyen Phuc Loc
Published: April 2023

This article aims to review the studies on undergraduates’ academic motivation through analysis, synthesis and generalization of 36 publications around the world (28 publications) and in Vietnam (8 publications). The results of the analysis show that there are 06 research approaches to undergraduates' learning motivation: (1) fundamental theories, (2) current state and expression, (3) classification, (4) measurement, (5) impacting factors, (6) prevention, intervention and enhancement. Based on the overall results, the article also proposes a number of future research directions on university students’ academic motivation: (1) the direction of integrating diverse theories, (2) a continuum comprising a motivation, academic extrinsic motivation and academic intrinsic motivation, (3) the change and conversion between types of students’ academic motivation on the continuum, (4) groups of students with different ages, in different majors; (5) consideration of the undergraduates’ subjective factors (autonomy, positivity, self-understanding, and resilience), cultural factors of school, family, community, ethnicity; economic, political factors and so on having an impact on student’s academic motivation; (6) preventive measures and evidence-based interventions for undergraduates’ academic motivation.
Factors affecting communication skills of ethnic minority children in compound kindergarten classes
Authors: Kim Thi Hai Yen
Published: April 2023

This article presents the results of a survey on the current status of factors affecting the communication skills (CS) of ethnic minority (EM) children in compound kindergarten classes at some preschools in Bac Ha district, Lao Cai province. The interview method is the main method used in the research. Research results show that there are many factors affecting children's CS including both subjective and objective factors: Vietnamese language skills of EM children, children's life experiences, professional competence of preschool teachers (PT), living environment, ethnic-local culture, educational program objectives... Research results are the basis for proposing solutions to educate EM children in a CS compound kindergarten environment.
SCIENTIFIC CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT OF RESPIRATION ON THE BASE OF "NEW BIOLOGY" COURSE (ELKONIN-DAVYDOV SYSTEM)
Authors: Chudinova Elena V. , Zaytseva Vera Ye.
Published: April 2023

A lot of researches has shown the low rate of students? understanding of key biological scientific concepts. The analysis of the school difficulties reasons in the scientific concept assimilation demonstrates that everyday ideas about biological processes often contradict scientific concepts and students do not overcome these contradictions on their own. The traditional way of teaching based on the verbal content presentation and accompanied by visual demonstration of examples does not help students in transforming their everyday concepts. The way of students? independent cognitive movement is more effective, being based on educational modeling. Teachers help students to notice contradictions in their opinions, to ask questions and to plan their own research that answers the posed questions. The article describes in detail this way of teaching through the example of the respiration concept development. The turning points in the process of everyday concepts transformation into scientific ones are shown.
Emotions in the Perspective of Sociology
Authors: Szulich-Kałuża Justyna
Published: April 2023

The article presents the history of development of sociological thought on emotions and demonstrates two classic traditions of their understanding: a positivistic one, describing the duality of human nature (individual and social, emotional and rational), and a neo-positivistic one, oriented towards actions and interactions between individuals (emotions are placed in individuals). A sociological typology of emotions is presented, offering a distinction between universal emotions (primary, basic, fundamental) and secondary (socially constructed). Among many social definitions of emotions, Steven Gordon’s definition was used owing to its cultural and constructivist references. The second part of the article presents classic sociological theories of emotions and contemporary trends in sociological studies of emotions.
Efficacy of Aloe Vera and Clobetasol Propionate in the Management of Oral Lichen Planus: A Randomized Parallel Clinical Trial
Authors: Vaidya Aniket U. , Khorate Manisha M. , Chinam Nivedita , Figueiredo Nigel
Published: April 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this randomized parallel clinical trial was to assess and compare the efficacy of 97% Aloe Vera (AV) gel and 94.7% AV juice against an active control (0.05% Clobetasol Propionate) in the treatment of oral lichen planus (OLP).
Materials and Methods: Age and sex matched patients with histologically proven OLP were divided into two groups. One group received 97% AV gel for topical application and 10ml 94.7% AV juice to consume twice daily. The active control group received topical 0.05% Clobetasol Propionate ointment twice daily. Treatment lasted two months followed by four months of observation. Monthly evaluation of various clinical features of OLP was done using the OLP disease scoring criteria. Burning sensation was evaluated using Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Mann Whitney–U (followed by Bonferroni adjustment) and Wilcoxon’s signed-rank tests were used for intergroup and intragroup comparisons, respectively. Interclass correlation-coefficient test was applied to assess the intra-observer variation (P<0.05).
Results: In total, 41 females and 19 males participated in this study. The most common site was the buccal mucosa followed by the gingivobuccal vestibule. The reticular variant was most frequently encountered. Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test showed significant differences in both groups between baseline and end-of-treatment for VAS, site-score, reticular/plaque/papular score, erosive/atrophic score and OLP disease score (P<0.05). Mann–Whitney revealed significant difference between both groups in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th months (P<0.0071).
Conclusion: Clobetasol Propionate is more effective for OLP management but in our study AV proved to be a safe treatment alternative for OLP management.
Suicide Attempt and Suicide Death in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study
Authors: Asadiyun Mahboobeh , Daliri Salman
Published: April 2023

Objective: suicide attempts and suicide death fall within a category of psychological disorders that is under the influence of economic, social, and cultural factors. Awareness of the prevalence of this phenomenon is essential for the adoption of preventive policies. Accordingly, the current study was carried out in order to determine the prevalence of suicide attempts and suicide deaths via Meta-analysis in Iran.
Method: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of articles published between 2010 and 2021 to estimate the prevalence of suicide attempts and suicide deaths in Iran. Accordingly, databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Google Scholar, SID, and Magiran were searched and all related articles were extracted by the statistical tests of random and fixed effects model, meta-regression, and funnel plot using the STATA software. These articles were then analyzed.
Results: A total of 20 studies were entered into the systematic review, with a total of 271,212 attempted suicides and 22,780 suicide deaths. Accordingly, the prevalence of suicide attempts in the whole population was 131.0 (CI 95%: 124.0 – 137.0) per 100,000 people (152 per 100,000 women and 128 per 100,000 men). Moreover, the prevalence of suicide death was 8.14 (CI 95% 7.8 – 8.5) per 100,000 people in the general population (5.0 per 100,000 women and 9.1 per 100,000 men).
Conclusion: According to these findings, Iran can be ranked among the countries with a low prevalence of suicide attempts and completed suicides (compared to the global average). Although the trend of completed suicides is declining, the trend of suicide attempts is increasing and has often affected young people.
Durabilité naturelle et composition en extractibles du bois de Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus du Nord-Ouest de l’Algérie
Authors: OUAAR Djilali , MEGHERBI BENALI Aicha , TOUMI BENALI Fawzia , THÉVENON Marie-France , CANDELIER Kévin , PIGNOLET Luc , GÉRARD Jean
Published: April 2023

Les bois de Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus étudiés sont issus de deux provenances du Nord-Ouest algérien aux conditions climatiques et édaphiques différentes (régions de Sidi Bel Abbès et de Tiaret). Les extractibles et les polyphénols totaux du duramen ont été quantifiés et caractérisés. La durabilité naturelle du duramen a été évaluée vis-à-vis de deux champignons de pourriture brune (Rhodonia placenta et Coniophora puteana) et de termites (Reticulitermes flavipes). Les taux d’extractibles les plus élevés sont ceux obtenus pour les bois de Sidi Bel Abbès. L’extraction au mélange toluène-éthanol a permis d’obtenir des taux plus élevés que l’extraction à l’eau, respectivement 14,17 % et 1,35 % pour les bois de Sidi Bel Abbès contre 9,84 % et 1,19 % pour ceux de Tiaret. Les analyses par chromatographie en phase gazeuse couplée à la spectrométrie de masse (GC/MS) montrent que les familles chimiques majoritairement identifiées dans les extraits aqueux sont les sesquiterpénoïdes, les acides gras et les stérols. Dans les extraits au toluène-éthanol, les sesquiterpènes et les sesquiterpénoïdes sont les composés majeurs. La composition en sesquiterpènes et sesquiterpénoïdes est différente en fonction de la provenance des bois, mais reste très similaire quantitativement. La teneur en polyphénols totaux des extraits au méthanol de la provenance Sidi Bel Abbès est supérieure à celle de Tiaret. Aucune différence significative n’est observée entre les deux provenances pour la durabilité naturelle vis-à-vis de C. puteana. En revanche, la résistance à R. placenta est significativement plus élevée pour la provenance Sidi Bel Abbès. Pour les deux provenances, le bois de J. oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus est très durable vis-à-vis des champignons de pourriture. Il est aussi répulsif et résistant aux attaques de termites. Une analyse ciblée des relations entre la composition chimique et la durabilité naturelle permettra de mettre en évidence la nature du ou des constituants responsables de la durabilité́ naturelle du bois de J. oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus, tant vis-à-vis des champignons lignivores que des termites.
Synthesis method and complexity bounds for programms with some structural restrictions
Authors: Zhukov Vladimir Vladimirovich
Published: April 2023

The work is devoted to the study of various classes of software circuits. type that implement Boolean functions, and the establishment of asymptotic estimates of Shannon functions for the complexity of implementing Boolean functions in schema classes. Models are introduced and explored reflexive-recursive schemes of functional elements and programs, in which recursive procedure calls are allowed. Influence is being explored the depth of recursion on the complexity of the implementation of the functions of the algebra of logic. For considered models, methods for the synthesis of schemes and programs are proposed, implementing arbitrary Boolean functions, as well as getting methods lower bounds for the Shannon function for the complexity of implementing Boolean functions, with the help of which, under certain restrictions, it was the asymptotic behavior of the corresponding Shannon functions is established.
Search tree with probabilistic key comparison and quantum string sorting
Authors: Khadiev Kamil Ravilevich
Published: April 2023

In the framework of this work, a binary data structure is considered. search tree, specifically red-black tree as an implementation self-balancing search tree. We consider the case when procedure for comparing elements in a tree "noisy" or probabilistic. We present an algorithm that implements the main operations (adding, deleting, searching) with error probability O(1/n2) and running time t=O(log n) steps. And use the data structure to build a quantum algorithm sorting n strings of length k in O(n log n √k).
Optimisation of circuit for quantum automata
Authors: Khadieva Aliya Ikhsanovna
Published: April 2023

he paper considers the implementation of a finite quantum automaton, recognizing the unary language MOD_p using the qiskit library and the language python programming. We also present an optimization of the quantum schemes for implementing the distributed controlled algorithm rotation used in the implementation of the aforementioned quantum machine.
Quantum algorithm for search of longest segment of elements satisfying a predicate
Authors: Khadiev Kamil Ravilevich , Bikmullin Timur Evgenievich
Published: April 2023

In the framework of this work, we consider the problem of finding the longest segment of elements satisfying some predicate. For a task search for the longest segment that satisfies the predicate exists quantum algorithm with running time O(√n log n), where n - the length of the input set.
On length of system of summator function and comparator function in a class of pseudopolynomial forms
Authors: Shurygin Dmitry Mikhailovich
Published: April 2023

The problem of implementing Boolean functions in polynomial forms finds applications in the synthesis of logic circuits, in discrete models of system biology. One of the classes of polynomial forms is the class pseudopolynomial forms (PSPF) - expressions that are the sum over modulo two of conjunctions of Zhegalkin polynomials of linear functions. Latest years, the properties of the implementation of Boolean functions in the class have been actively studied PSPF. One of the complexity characteristics of implementing functions in a class psf is the length - the minimum number of terms among all SSPFs that implement the function. The report will present the results of evaluation of the lengths of the system of adder functions and comparator functions in the class PSPF.