bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Species diversity and taxonomy of Scytinostroma sensu stricto (Russulales, Basidiomycota) with descriptions of four new species from China
Authors: Li Yue , Xu Wei-Qi , Liu Shi-Liang , Yang Ning , He Shuang-Hui
Published: June 2023

Scytinostroma is species-rich genus in Peniophoraceae, Russulales and has been shown to be polyphyletic. In this study, we performed phylogenetic analyses on the core clade of Scytinostroma based on concatenated ITS1-5.8S-ITS2-nrLSU sequence data. Fifteen lineages including four new species from China, Scytinostroma beijingensis, S. boidinii, S. subduriusculum, and S. subrenisporum, were recognized. The genus Michenera was nested within the Scytinostroma s.s. clade in the phylogenetic tree of Peniophoraceae. Sequences of S. portentosum (type species) and S. hemidichophyticum from Europe formed a strongly supported lineage sister to the S. portentosum sample from Canada. It is supposed that the European “S. portentosum” is S. hemidichophyticum, and the former species is restricted in distribution to North America. Scytinostroma duriusculum is supposed to be a species complex. Samples from Sri Lanka (the type locality) formed a lineage sister to those from China, Thailand and Vietnam (described herein as S. subduriusculum) and two samples from France that might represent an undescribed species. The four new species are described and illustrated, and an identification key to all the 14 Scytinostroma s.s. species worldwide is provided. Until now, seven species of Scytinostroma s.s. have been found in China. Our results increased the knowledge of species diversity and taxonomy of corticioid fungi in China.
Non-native fish species expand tacitly but rapidly toward upstream oxbow lakes along the longitudinal gradient
Authors: Dai Bingguo , Negishi Junjiro N. , Fujii Kazuya , Alam Md. Khorshed , Jiang Zhongguan
Published: June 2023

The introduction of non-native fish species poses a threat to native assemblages in floodplain systems. Establishing oxbow lake-based conservation areas has been proposed as a practical approach to mitigate this threat. Previous studies have extensively discussed the effects of lateral connectivity between oxbow lakes and main channels on fish communities but overlooked the spatial longitudinal gradients of oxbow lakes on a broader spatial scale. Over the course of about ten years, the temporal changes in fish community diversity were estimated in 28 oxbow lakes along the Ishikari River in Hokkaido, Japan. The associations between these temporal variations and the locations of the lakes were then explored along a longitudinal spatial gradient. The results showed that upstream oxbow lakes underwent mild alterations to their species composition and maintained a high level of native uniqueness. In contrast, downstream oxbow lakes experienced intense species turnover and increased non-native fish diversity. Additionally, the dominance of non-native fish in downstream areas rapidly expanded upstream to a location 110 km from the source of the Ishikari River over the decade. It is emphasized that the lakes in the upper reaches were the only remaining refuges for native fish and should be prioritized in conservation efforts. Our study proposes the application of location and species contributions to regional community heterogeneity as indicators for highlighting native fish conservation areas.
Mobiles & ICT Based Interventions for Learning Difficulties in Geometry
Authors: Galitskaya Viktoriya , Drigas Athanasios
Published: June 2023

The difficulty faced by students in Geometry (ageometria) is a relatively new learning difficulty that has not been extensively explored. Early detection, as well as intervention, is very important. Students with dyslexia, like all students with special learning difficulties, face difficulties in working memory. In addition, solving a geometric problem requires comprehension of pronunciation (in which students with dyslexia lag) and numerical processing (in which students with dyscalculia lag). For this reason, this article presents interventions aimed at improving working memory or improving reading or numerical skills, with the help of new technologies.
Innovative Proposed Model between Formative Research and Accreditation of Engineering Programs
Authors: Andrade-Arenas Laberiano , Llulluy-Nuñez David , Vílchez-Sandoval Jesus , Reyes-Del Carmen Hipólito , Romero-Untiveros Luis , Lara-Herrera Juan , Alata-Palacios Josellyn
Published: June 2023

Peruvian universities by the university law 30220 are required to have their research center to obtain their licensing and optionally obtain accreditation for educational quality. The research study aims to propose an innovative model that relates the informative research of the students of the Systems Engineering and Computer and Electronics Engineering program with the accreditation. The soft systems methodology and the Maltese cross, based on the systemic approach, were used for the development of the study. The study is qualitative in approach; the interview technique was used with 15 stakeholders, using Atlas Ti22 for its analysis. The result obtained was based on the evaluation by experts, considering criteria such as clarity, coherence, relevance and consistency of the proposed model of the relationship between formative research and accreditation; obtaining an average value of 92.5%. In this way, it is considered approved since it must be higher than 75%. It was concluded that the proposed model is coherent since it articulates the investigative courses from the first semester to the last semester and relates in an articulated way with the elements of accreditation. The contribution of the research is to the university educational sector that can adapt the proposed innovative model according to the educational model of their university.
Proposing a Multi-Stakeholder Lens to Examine Global Community-Based Design Projects
Authors: Osgood Libby (Elizabeth) , Landrigan Nick , Peters Wayne
Published: June 2023

One implementation of global, community-based, engineering-student design projects invites students to practice design from a distance. Though it may not be possible to bring an entire engineering design class to the international location for students and various stakeholders to interact, a meaningful global experience can be educational and beneficial for all stakeholders. Recognizing that the impact of community-based projects extends beyond the students to numerous stakeholders, this paper proposes a multi-stakeholder lens which examines the roles, interactions, motivations, and responsibilities of stakeholders in a global, community-based design project. The lens was developed in part by a case study of a global design project connecting a first-year Canadian engineering design course, a rural Kenyan preschool, a non-profit organization, and additional Kenyan and Canadian stakeholders. Written by three of the stakeholders in the case study, the course instructor, a Canada-based community partner, and a design student, this paper concludes with recommendations on how to incorporate global projects in a domestic setting. Ultimately, adopting a multi-stakeholder lens transitions a myopic student-centric focus to an inclusive experience for all stakeholders, creating partners in the design and achieving a greater set of objectives.
Localization of Strangeness for Real Time Video in Crowd Activity Using Optical Flow and Entropy
Authors: Abid Hussan Altalbi Ali , Hameed Shaker Shaimaa , Ezaldeen Ali Akbas
Published: June 2023

Anomaly detection, which is also referred to as novelty detection or outlier detection, is process of identifying unusual occurrences, observations, or events which considerably differ from the bulk of data and do not fit a predetermined definition of typical behavior. Medicine, cybersecurity, statistics, machine vision, law enforcement, neurology, and financial fraud are just a handful of the industries where anomaly detection is used. In the presented study, an online tool is utilized to identify crowd distortions, which could be brought on by panic. An activity map is produced with the use of numerous frames to show the continuity regarding the flow over time following the global optical flow has been calculated in the quickest time and with the highest precision possible utilizing the Farneback approach to calculate the magnitudes. Utilizing a specific threshold, the oddity in the video will be picked up by the activity map's generation of an entropy. The results indicate that the maximum entropy level for indoor video is <0.16 and the maximum entropy level for outdoor video is >0.45. A threshold of 0.04 is used to determine whether a frame is abnormal or normal.
Emulation Framework for Haptic Data Transmission Using Real-Time Transport Protocol
Authors: Abdullah Israa , Monnet Wrya
Published: June 2023

The Tactile Internet (TI) can be regarded as the next evolution in the world of communication. With its envisioned purpose and potential in shaping up the economy, industry and society, this paradigm aims to bring a new dimension to life by enabling humans to interact with machines remotely and in real-time with haptic and kinesthetic feedback. However, to translate this into reality, Tactile Internet will need to meet the stringent requirements of extremely low latency in conjunction with ultra-high reliability, availability, and security. This poses a challenge on the available communication systems to achieve a round-trip delay within 1 to 10 milliseconds time bound that enables the timely delivery of critical tactile and haptic sensations.

This paper aims to evaluate the Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) through an emulation framework. It integrates containerization using Linux-based Docker Containers with NS-3 Network Simulator to conceptualize a haptic teleoperation system. The framework is then used to test the protocol’s feasibility for delivering texture haptic data between master and slave domains in accordance with the end-to-end delay requirements specified by IEEE 1918.1 standards. The results have shown that the timely provision of haptic data is achievable by obtaining an average round-trip delay of 17.8493 ms from the emulation experiment. As such, the results satisfy the expected IEEE 1918.1 standards constraints for medium-dynamic environment use cases.
A Weighting Model of Cybersecurity Parameters Used for Service Placement
Authors: Gashi Luan , Luma Artan , Apostolova Marika , Januzaj Ylber
Published: June 2023

Most cybersecurity frameworks are based on three major components such as confidentiality, integrity, and availability. All these components have their parameters that are used to secure network nodes. But finding the most cyber secure node in a network needs a measurement method. The aim of the paper is to offer a model that can be used to find the most secure network nodes considering these cybersecurity components and their parameters. This is achieved by modelling numeric values of respective weights for parameters of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The model is applied to a simulated environment where random values standing for cybersecurity parameters are given to 30 wireless network nodes that are used as an example. Then the weighted values are processed with Python programming language by giving the most secure nodes according to needed cybersecurity components. This model can be used to recommend the right network node that can be used to deploy services securely while avoiding potential vulnerabilities and cyber-attacks.
Meridian Circle Astrometry at the U. S. Naval Observatory
Authors: Schmidt Richard E. , Dick Steven J.
Published: June 2023

For 150 years meridian circles have played an essential part in the mission of the U. S. Naval Observatory (USNO) in its dual role as a naval observatory, in support of celestial navigation, and as a national observatory, improving the celestial reference frame of fundamental astronomy. Examining two 20th century USNO instruments, we depict meridian circles as multiple ensembles: of sets of supporting devices, of calibrations and reductions for precision, of collected observations forming catalogues of stars, and of multiple meridian circles cooperating to solve astronomical goals and to map the heavens from pole to pole. We end briefly summarizing the contributions of the USNO meridian circles in the satellite era, with some implications for astrophysics and cosmology.
Role of Image Processing in Agricultural Practices
Authors: Saxena Agrima , Bharadwaj Ayush , Chauhan Usha , Sharma Divya , Kumari Priti
Published: June 2023

Agriculture is considered necessary to sustain life on this planet. With a growing population, we need agricultural productivity to increase significantly to meet the demands. Image processing has proven to be a powerful tool for analysis in many fields and applications. The agricultural sector, where parameters such as canopy cover, yield, and product quality were important for farmers. It is often the case that professional advice is not affordable, and that the availability of an expert and their services may take time. The situation could be greatly improved if image processing was combined with a reliable communication network, as this would eliminate the need to obtain expert advice within a limited time frame. This can be achieved because image processing is a powerful tool for parameter analysis.
Optimal Control Strategies for Mitigating Frequency Deviation in Microgrid-Based Smart Village Systems
Authors: Misra Sudheeksha , Jha Bhola , Mishra V. M. , Patel Surjeet Singh
Published: June 2023

Frequency deviation is a common issue in microgrids, especially in smart village systems where the energy demand varies significantly due to changing loads and intermittent renewable energy sources. This chapter aims to propose optimal control strategies that effectively mitigate frequency deviation in microgrid-based smart village systems. The research will explore the variation of frequency by using different control techniques such as conventional PI, PI plus fuzzy, and PI plus ANFIS. The proposed strategies will be evaluated using simulation models. The results shows that the PI plus ANFIS shows the best results, which will provide valuable insights for designing reliable and efficient microgrid-based smart village systems, addressing the problem of frequency deviation and improving overall system performance.
Advances in Micropumps for Microfluidic Systems
Authors: Nigam Harsh , Krishnan Jegatha Nambi
Published: June 2023

Micropumps play a crucial role in the microfluidic devices through their exact control and manipulation of fluid at the microscale. Advancements have been made in the creation of micropumps for applications ranging from chemical synthesis to biomedical applications. In this chapter an overview of the most recent developments in micropump technology and design, starting with understanding the working principles of micropumps like electrostatic, pneumatic, etc.as well as differences between Mechanical and Non-Mechanical pumps will be described. This chapter contains the recent developments in microfluidic channels, valves and actuators, as well as some general methods of fabrication of these micropumps (like soft-lithography, MEMS fabrication) along with examples. In the penultimate section, the chapter elaborates on the various applications of micropumps in environmental monitoring (such as particle counting, leak detection, etc.) and biomedical applications and point of care equipment. Finally, the chapter concludes about the future and markets of micropumps.
Micropumps for Lab-on-Chip Applications
Authors: Karthikeyan K. , Sujatha L.
Published: June 2023

Microfluidics is a promising and upcoming technology for diagnostics and drug developments. With huge potential in bringing a revolution in biotechnology, there is going to be a big commercial demand for microfluidic systems in life science applications. The function of microfluidic system highly depends on the precise control of tiny fluid volumes by micropumps, and hence, design, fabrication, and integration of micropumps are the key components in microfluidic systems. Though the development of micropumps has been paid attention for the past two decades, it is still a great challenge in realizing a reliable and improved performance of a micropump. This chapter discusses a detailed study on various pumping mechanisms of micropumps reported with a perspective on the scope for manufacturing. The issues and challenges in commercialization will be discussed, and the possible solutions to overcome will also be highlighted.
A Reflection Note on Applying Quantitative Decision-Making Approaches to Engineering Management
Authors: Galli Brian J. , Qiu Fuwei
Published: June 2023

Engineering management is a project management activity full of information composed of specific engineering technology and different social factors. The basic knowledge of quantitative decision-making technology and management economics is conducive to project decision-making, project investment, financing in engineering construction, and real estate. With the development of modern engineering management, quantitative decision-making has become increasingly important. This article discusses quantitative decision-making's significance, importance, and potential limitations in engineering management activities. Different quantitative decision tools have other effects on engineering management and technical management. This article also suggests that effective engineering management needs to combine scientific quantitative analysis methods and quantitative decision-making tools and comprehensively consider the engineering implementation background, the project's technical requirements, and resource sources.
Food Waste Generation Within the Hospitality Sector in Malta
Authors: Gatt Kevin , Bajada Desiree
Published: June 2023

The importance of addressing food waste has gathered momentum and is being prioritised by many countries as it enables waste management to be moved up the waste hierarchy through preventing the generation of such waste and the recycling of inevitable food waste into green resources. The amount of food waste from the hospitality sector in Malta represents an appreciable amount, and specific data is critical for policy purposes and for determining the necessary treatment infrastructure. This study explores the food waste generated by a mix of hotels and restaurants of a varying nature. Breakfast generates the least food waste per cover, whilst lunch and dinner generate a greater amount of food waste. The more expensive restaurants tend to generate more food waste per cover, and different cuisines generate different waste volumes. Likewise, ‘Quality Assured' restaurants waste more food than others in order to maintain their high standards. It also emerges that food waste generated by the hospitality sector is mainly due to preparation, rather than plate waste.
The effect of marine algae-derived exosomes on breast cancer cells: Hypothesis on a new treatment for cancer
Authors: Rahmati Shima , Alizadeh Morteza , Mirzapour Pegah , Miller Abigail , Rezakhani Leila
Published: June 2023

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women worldwide. Therefore, further research in this area remains necessary. In pursuit of cancer treatment, the use of aquatic and marine resources has been considered in recent years. Marine algae create a wide variety of metabolites with different biological activities, and their anticancer properties have been reported in several studies. With particles ranging in size between 30 and 100 nm in size, exosomes are a class of cell-released extracellular vesicles that contain DNA, RNA, and proteins. Nontoxic properties and lack of an immune response are critical considerations in the medical use of exosome nanoparticles. Studies have demonstrated that exosomes are used for cancer therapy and in several drug delivery trials; however, no study so far has been done on exosomes derived from marine algae. Research has shown that three-dimensional (3D) models of cancer are advantageous for studying drug effects. This hypothesis aims to design a 3D model of breast cancer in vitro and evaluate cell growth after treatment with a marine algae-derived exosome.
Sensitivity and specificity of abbreviated burn severity index and revised Baux score in mortality prediction in burn patients admitted to a tertiary care center in South India
Authors: Shetty Naren , Mashalkar Narendra S. , Ellur Sunder Raj , Dharmarajan Rajeswari , Selvam Sumithra
Published: June 2023

Background:

Mortality still remains the most significant adverse outcome encountered ever since the inception of burn management despite significant advances. Predicting mortality in the initial stages by mortality prediction models can help in many ways. Abbreviated Burn Severity Index (ABSI) and Revised Baux Score (RBS) are two commonly used models. However, these mortality prediction models have varied levels of sensitivity and specificity when applied in different clinical settings. Hence, validation in a particular clinical setting becomes important before using it. Our purpose was to understand the sensitivity and specificity of ABSI and RBS in mortality prediction in our tertiary care center.

Methods:

Data of all burn patients admitted into our tertiary care center from January 2018 to December 2020 were retrospectively collected. The ABSI and RBS scores were calculated for each patient. The scores between survivors and nonsurvivors were compared using statistical methods. Sensitivity and specificity of ABSI and RBS was calculated. The Receiver Operating Characteristic curve was plotted, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to assess the accuracy of each model.

Results:

Three hundred and fifty patients were included in the study sample (Mean age: 27.3 years. Avg TBSA: 17.63%). Forty-seven patients had inhalational injury and 131 patients had full thickness burn. The mortality rate was 12.3% (43 patients). Sensitivity, specificity, and AUC for ABSI were 88%, 93%, and 0.96 and that for RBS were 74%, 96%, and 0.93, respectively. The optimal cutoff for ABSI and RBS was 7 and 85, respectively.

Conclusion:

Both ABSI and RBS mortality prediction models have acceptable levels of sensitivity and specificity in mortality prediction.
Study of management of postburn flexion contracture of finger by glabrous versus nonglabrous split skin graft
Authors: Mankare Pranit Dattatray , Suri Manav P. , Sachde Jayesh P.
Published: June 2023

Aims and Objectives:

This prospective study was designed to determine the outcome of split-thickness glabellar and nonglabellar skin graft for the coverage of defects on palmar aspect of hand after release of postburn contracture in terms of graft take, complications, recurrence, and patient satisfaction for color and texture match.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective comparative study was carried out on patients from December 2018 to December 2020. Fifty patients were randomly divided into two groups by simple randomization method. Group A was offered treatment with split-thickness graft from glabellar region and other Group B was offered treatment with split-thickness graft from nonglabellar skin. Frequencies and percentages of both recipient and donor sites complications such as infection, hypertrophic scarring on the Vancouver scar assessment scale, recurrence, and difficulty in walking were noted. Patient satisfaction for colour and texture match to neighboring skin at recipient site were assessed 3 months after the operation using five points Likert scale.

Results:

At follow-up of the Group A, the donor areas were completely healed in all the cases 100%. The grafted area showed excellent color and texture match with the adjacent palmer skin. The graft was mobile, stable and without any pigmentation. There was also no hypertrophic scarring, hyperpigmentation or pain at the donor site as compared to ordinary skin graft. Walking and weight bearing were smooth and the instep curvature appeared normal. In Group B, 100% of patients had hyperpigmentation, 20% had marginal scarring and scar hypertrophy at hand. While 40% had scar hypertrophy at 80% had hyperpigmentation over the donor site. Recurrence was noted in 32% of patients in Group B as compared to 8% in Group A.

Conclusions:

Glabellar skin of the instep is the best replacement for the palmar skin of the digits and hand because of the similarities in their characteristics. Results are excellent in terms of color and texture match, no hyperpigmentation, less marginal scarring, scar hypertrophy, and less recurrence of contracture in patients with area grafted with glabellar skin. Donor site morbidity is very low and hardly any donor site scar is visible. So in conclusion for the management of postburn flexion contracture of the finger. An ideal skin substitute is glabellar skin grafts from the instep region of foot.
Prayer burns
Authors: Bhatia Vijay Yashpal , Narola Sruja Dipak , Zapadiya Ranjit Raghu , Kaushik Rahul , Thakur Archana L
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

In Indian culture, it is considered auspicious to conduct prayers before beginning one's day or even before starting to celebrate any of the festivals. The variations in conducting the prayers are numerous, but one thing which is constant is fire, which in the form of diya or candle or incense stick is always present. This many a times becomes the source of clothes catching fire leading to burns. The flame burns can cause serious complications depending on the age and the percentage of the body involved. Herein, we are presenting an article regarding the same.

Methods:

All burns which occurred while praying from September 2019 to September 2021 were included in the case series.

Results:

In our study, the patients above 60 all had comorbid conditions, and 5 out of 8 (five out of eight) patients expired that is 62.5% of the study group. These patients had the accident at home while praying where the flame from diya which is lit on the temple floor near the idol of god caught fire to the clothes. Indian females prefer to wear clothes with flairs such as chaniya choli, long Indian skirt, or saree which increases the chances of contact with diyas or source of flame leading to accidental burns. Considering that 5 (five) patients were more than 50 years of age, they survived for mean days of 16.2 days and then expired, the three younger patients recovered with an average stay of 47.3 days. Even with extensive burns due to younger age the patients recovered and did require skin grafting in the course of their treatment.

Discussion:

Diminished alertness of the senses, impaired mentation, slower reaction time, reduced mobility, and decreased ability of elderly people to identify the severity or risk of a situation as well as their capacity to escape from harm, puts them at higher risk of sustaining burn injury. These circumstances will also lead to larger increased total body surface area (TBSA) and deeper burns; moreover, there is an increased risk for the development of inhalation injury. These factors are closely related to a higher mortality rate.

Conclusion:

Age plays an important role in treatment response in a major trauma like burns. Increased age with associated co morbidities add to the severity of the burns. Younger age group however have better survival chances, though even they required prolonged hospital stay in our study considering the higher percentage of burns involved.
PD-L1 expression in rare and aggressive thyroid cancers: A preliminary investigation for a role of immunotherapy
Authors: Boruah Monikongkona , Gaddam Pranitha , Agarwal Shipra , Mir Riyaz Ahmad , Gupta Ranjan , Sharma Mehar C. , Deo Suryanarayana V.S. , Nilima Nilima
Published: June 2023

Background and Aim:

Programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) immunoexpression status determines the response to immunotherapy in many cancers. Limited data exist on PD-L1 status in aggressive thyroid tumors. We investigated PD-L1 expression across thyroid cancers and correlated it with their molecular profile.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty-five cases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma, poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC), and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) were assessed for PD-L1 expression (clone SP263, VENTANA). The differentiated cases encompassed the aggressive hobnail and tall cell subtypes of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) besides classical PTC and follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC). Ten nodular goiters (NG) were also evaluated. Tumor proportion score (TPS) and H-score were calculated. BRAFV600E and H-/K-/N-RAS were assessed using allele-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Fisher’s exact and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to investigate the associations between the categorical variables and compare PD-L1 scores with the mutation status.

Results:

Most PTC (87%) and ATC (73%) cases were PD-L1 positive (TPS ≥1%), with significantly higher positivity rates than NG (20%). TPS >50% was seen in 60% ATC and 7% PTC cases. The median TPS and H-score of ATC were 56 (0–96.6) and 168 (0–275), respectively, and of PTC were 9.6 (4–16.8) and 17.8 (6.6–38.6), respectively. The scores were similar across the PTC subtypes. Only one case each of FTC and PDTC was PD-L1 positive. PD-L1 expression correlated significantly with BRAFV600E, but not with RAS mutation.

Conclusions:

ATC showed intense and diffuse PD-L1 staining. Although most PTCs were PD-L1 positive, the expression was weaker and patchy, irrespective of the histological subtype. Results of this pilot study indicate that ATC is most likely to respond to immunotherapy. PTC, FTC, and PDTC may be less amenable to immunotherapy. PD-L1 expression correlated significantly with BRAFV600E, allowing for combined targeted therapy.
The role of p53 and ki67 in predicting clinical outcome in breast cancer patients
Authors: Lalkota Bhanu Prakash , Srinivasa B.J , Swamy Mani V. , Hazarika Diganta , Jeet B.M , Jyothi K , Ghosh Mithua , Sayeed Suhail M. , Nasiruddin Mohammad , Naik Radheshyam
Published: June 2023

Background:

ki67 may be used as a proliferative index in addition to estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative status. p53 gene expression is a well-known biomarker in breast cancer and its role in predicting clinical outcome remains unclear. The current study aimed to determine the relationship between p53 gene mutation and ki67 expression, their clinical characteristics, and overall survival (OS), and to differentiate the significance of p53 and ki67 as the prognostic value in breast cancer patients.

Methods:

In this study, 135 patients were enrolled in the study from December 2015 to May 2017. Medical records for all patients were reviewed prospectively. The inclusion criteria included age more than 18 years with histologically proven breast cancer and willingness to be enrolled in p53 genetic study. Exclusion criteria included dual malignancy, male breast cancer, with a loss to follow-up during the study.

Results:

The mean survival of patients with ki67 ≤20 index was 42.7 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 38.7–46.7) and 129 months (95% CI 101.3–157.2) in patients with ki67 >20. The mean OS was 145 months (95% CI 105.6–185.5) in the p53 wild-type group and 106 months (95% CI 78.0–133.0) in the p53 mutated group, as illustrated.

Conclusion:

Our results indicated that p53 mutational status and high ki67 might have an essential impact on overall survival, with p53 mutated patients having a poorer outcome than p53 wild type patients.
On tame -extensions with prescribed ramification
Authors: Hajir Farshid , Maire Christian , Ramakrishna Ravi
Published: June 2023

The tame Gras–Munnier Theorem gives a criterion for the existence of a
$ {\mathbb Z}/p{\mathbb Z} $
-extension of a number field K ramified at exactly a tame set S of places of K, the finite
$v \in S$
necessarily having norm
$1$
mod p. The criterion is the existence of a nontrivial dependence relation on the Frobenius elements of these places in a certain governing extension. We give a short new proof which extends the theorem by showing the subset of elements of
$H^1(G_S,{\mathbb {Z}}/p{\mathbb {Z}})$
giving rise to such extensions of K has the same cardinality as the set of these dependence relations. We then reprove the key Proposition 2.2 using the more sophisticated Greenberg–Wiles formula based on global duality.
$C^*$-Algebras
Authors: Shlyakhtenko Dimitri L. , Thom Andreas , Vaes Stefaan , Winter Wilhelm
Published: June 2023

Operator algebras form a very active area of mathematics which, since its inception in the 1940s, has always been driven by interactions with other fields of mathematics and physics. The scope of these interactions is very wide, ranging over dynamical systems, (non-commutative) geometry, functional analysis, (geometric) group theory, topology, random matrices, harmonic analysis and quantum information theory.

The goals of this workshop were to stimulate new collaborations across these fields of mathematics, to disseminate recent progress by giving participants a global view on the subject and to specially focus on two important developments: the solution of the Connes embedding problem by methods from quantum information theory and the progress on noncommutative dynamical systems, especially in the topological

C^*

-algebra context.
Mathematical Imaging and Surface Processing
Authors: Ben-Chen Mirela , Chambolle Antonin , Rumpf Martin , Schröder Peter
Published: June 2023

This workshop was gathering applied mathematicians and computer scientists interested in image and geometry processing. These topics have developed tremendously in the past few years with the rise of artificial intelligence, parallel hardware and strong needs for real-world applications (3D scene reconstruction, architecture, medical imaging and data analysis, etc). These research fields are at the intersection of many mathematical disciplines, from geometry, calculus of variations and optimization to the analysis and numerical analysis of PDEs. The almost 50 participants to this workshop, including many young researchers, had many fruitful exchanges, interested in common issues and speaking a common language, yet often coming from different backgrounds and with different knowledge.

This volume collects the abstracts for all the presentations covering this wide spectrum of tools and application domains.
Multiscale Wave-Turbulence Dynamics in the Atmosphere and Ocean
Authors: Achatz Ulrich , Bühler Oliver , Staquet Chantal , Young William
Published: June 2023

The atmosphere and oceans present an ongoing first-rate challenge to science and mathematics because they operate on an extremely broad ranges of scales, from molecular to planetary in length and from below seconds to millennia in time. This is the reason why climate simulations still suffer from leading-order uncertainties. Conceptual simplifications, such as scale-separation assumptions and the neglect of many physical processes, have enabled past progress in understanding the interactions of the basic dynamic constituents, i.e. large-scale mean flows, medium-scale waves and vortices, and small-scale turbulence. But present-day research is stretching the validity of this framework. For example, it is recognized that intermediate-scale waves and vortices are key elements linking all relevant players, and are often characterized by nonlinear interactions on comparable scales and also by additional physical nonlinearities due to effects such as air moisture. Motivated by recent advances in mathematical wave–vortex and wave–wave interaction theory, turbulence theory, and the study of internal wave dynamics as well as their numerical parametrization, the workshop gathered leading experts in these fields to foster a synthesis of new approaches and thereby a new level of understanding and numerical treatment of climate dynamics.
At the Interface between Semiclassical Analysis and Numerical Analysis of Wave Scattering Problems
Authors: Chandler-Wilde Simon N. , Dauge Monique , Spence Euan , Wunsch Jared
Published: June 2023

In this context of wave scattering, both semiclassical analysis and numerical analysis share the same goal – that of understanding the behaviour of the scattered wave – but these two fields operate largely in isolation, mainly because the tools and techniques of the two fields are largely disjoint. In recent years there have been promising examples of successful collaboration at the interface of semiclassical analysis and numerical analysis, to the mutual benefit of both fields. This workshop sought to capitalise on these successes by bringing together members of the semiclassical-analysis and numericalanalysis communities and catalysing activity at this interface.
A Comparative Study on Financial Performance between Equity and Debt Schemes of HDFC Mutual Funds and SBI Mutual Funds
Authors: Bharadwaj BP Prerana , Yalamarti Radha Pavitra
Published: June 2023

According to research, investment trust businesses provide investors with a variety of programs and assist them in selecting the best one for their needs. Several investments are available to everyone, including stocks, loans, real estate, and others. Companies provide varying returns for each plan, and investors must be well-versed in their investments. Comparing and investing in the systems of the two organizations is therefore beneficial. Companies ought to elevate themselves. Investor returns from HDFC MF are lower than those from SBI MF. In addition, HDFC MF has changed significantly over the last several years. In this study, hybrid equity and debt funds from HDFC and SBI were compared and the five-year results of the two trusts were contrasted that eventually generated profitable returns. In comparison to the HDFC Hybrid Equity Fund, the SBI Hybrid Equity Fund is superior. Due to their higher returns, SBI Hybrid Debt Funds are preferable to HDFC Hybrid Debt Funds. Because of this, SBI's investment trusts are better than HDFC's. SBI funds are the finer option for investors since they produce strong returns.
Is there any correlation between frequent lower genital Tract Infections and Human Papillomavirus Infection at the commune level?
Authors: Nguyen Vu Quoc Huy , Tran Thi Ngoc Bich , Le Minh Tam
Published: June 2023

Objective: To investigate the association between lower genital tract infection and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study of 1,007 sexually active women aged 21 to 70 in three areas of Quang Tri province (Hai Lang, Trieu Phong and Gio Linh). The duration of data collection is from July 2019 to July 2020. The cases were evaluated by gynecology to determine the condition of the vaginal discharge and to record normal and abnormal signs and symptoms. Specimens from cervical canal were inspected under a microscope and tested for HPV-DNA using a real-time PCR assay.

Results: There were 33 HPV-positive cases, accounting for 3.5% of total cases. Vaginitis caused by bacteria, including bacteria, bacteriophages, and Gardnerella vaginalis, accounted for the largest prevalence of lower genital tract infections at 65.8%, followed by vaginitis caused by Candida fungi at 10.5% and Trichomonas vaginalis at the lowest rate of 0.2%. No statistically significant association was found between HPV infection and vaginitis caused by Bacteria, Gardnerella vaginalis, Candida, and Trichomonas vaginalis, as well as socio-demographic characteristics such as age, education, age at first sexual intercourse, number of sexual partners, marital status, number of children, and smoking (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: Despite the fact that lower genital tract infection and HPV infection are not uncommon at the commune level, no association was discovered between the two.
Metabolic syndrome: risks in youth sports
Authors: Pavlova AA , Klyuchnikov SO , Tarasova MS , Feshchenko VS , Zholinsky AV , Parastaev SA
Published: June 2023

Metabolic syndrome is one of the pre-nosological conditions that implies strain on several systems of the body and disruption of all types of metabolism. The key components of the syndrome are visceral obesity, peripheral tissue insulin resistance, arterial hypertension and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. There is a number of diseases associated with the syndrome, which makes diagnosing its preclinical manifestations important. Overweight and obesity only continue spreading; moreover, these conditions are registered in people of increasingly younger age. Metabolic syndrome in childhood increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Top tier athletes are no exception. Some sports and playing roles promote body weight growth. A young athlete may have specific constitutional features, and, without proper control, motivating such athletes to grow muscles means they also grow fat. The recommendation is to pay special attention to children under the age of 11 that play rugby, American football as line men, in heavy weight categories. Application of the latest diagnostic criteria with their actualization on a regular basis, as well as search for additional markers and parameters identifiable in laboratory settings, would ensure adjustment of the athlete's condition in a timely manner.
Challenges and Opportunities for Children's Education in the Era of Globalization
Authors:   Lecturer of the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, State Islamic University of Sultan Amai Gorontalo, Indonesia, Utina Sitriah Salim , Arsyad Lukman ,   Lecturer of the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, State Islamic University of Sultan Amai Gorontalo, Indonesia, Pratiwi Wiwik ,   Lecturer of the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, State Islamic University of Sultan Amai Gorontalo, Indonesia, Manahung Ramoend ,   Lecturer of the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, State Islamic University of Sultan Amai Gorontalo, Indonesia, Wantu Hasyim Mahmud ,   Lecturer of the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, State Islamic University of Sultan Amai Gorontalo, Indonesia
Published: June 2023

Children's education in the era of globalization faces significant challenges and opportunities. Globalization has changed the educational landscape with the rapid development of information and communication technology, the wide accessibility of information, and increasingly intense interaction between cultures. This literature review explores the challenges and opportunities faced by children's education in the era of globalization based on the latest literature. The literature review shows that one of the biggest challenges is the digital divide between individuals with access to technology and those without access. Children from low socioeconomic backgrounds or remote areas face difficulty accessing the digital educational resources needed to compete in a globalized world. Therefore, the need for efforts to expand the accessibility of technology in all walks of life is essential. In addition, globalization also brings changes in the needs and demands of jobs in the global market. Children's education must adapt curriculum and learning to suit evolving needs, such as critical thinking, creativity, cooperation, and digital skills. However, the era of globalization also provides new opportunities for children's education. The widespread accessibility of information provides opportunities for children to access various learning resources online. They can access learning materials, e- books, and other educational resources without geographical restrictions. It allows children to develop their interests and talents through independent exploration. The increasingly intense intercultural interaction also opens up opportunities to learn about cultural diversity and different values. Children can broaden their understanding of the world through multicultural education and develop inclusive attitudes that foster global cooperation.
Does the New Normal Violation of Social Norms? The Role of the Health Belief and Service Quality During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Mahardhika, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, Purwanto Purwanto , Rahayu Sri ,   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Mahardhika, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, Andri Radiany Mohammad ,   Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Mahardhika, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
Published: June 2023

Objectives – The primary goal of this study is to investigate the new social practices in the context of service as regards the violation of the ethical norms during the Covid-19 pandemic. It also aims to educate the public on behavioral changes during the epidemic by utilizing the Health Belief Model (HBM), particularly in banking activities. Methodology– This study was carried out among banking customers in one of East Java’s major cities. A total of 257 questionnaires were distributed to the respondents and a 23-statement instrument was created for the design. The data were collected electronically and then analyzed with AMOS 22.0 using an internet-based computer, assisted with a web interviewing system. Findings –The results showed that: firstly, health beliefs had a significant impact on unusual social norms. This is because most consumers recognized the new normal in the context of service during the epidemic and did not regard it as a breach of societal standards. Secondly, the unusual social norms influenced both the skills of the employees and the morality of customers’ experience. Finally, intimacy and human nature also had an impact on the client’s satisfaction. Conclusion – During the unprecedented Covid-19 outbreak, this study merges the Health Belief Model with the theory of service quality and satisfaction to serve as a new guide for institutions, especially banks.
Aantekeninge: Neighbour law and the interference with the natural flow of rainwater in urban areas: another look at Padca v Redlands Development Projects (Pty) Ltd
Authors: Freedman Warren
Published: June 2023

Afgesien van die regsbeginsels wat geskille tussen bure beheer wat die generiese vorm van ’n oorlas aanneem, bestaan die Suid-Afrikaanse burereg ook uit ’n stel kasuïstiese beginsels wat bepaalde soorte bureregtelike geskille beheer, elk met sy eie toepassingsveld. Een van hierdie spesifieke soorte geskille is die inmenging met die natuurlike vloei van reënwater. Soos die beskrywende titel aandui, lê hierdie gebied van burereg ’n plig op die eienaar van laerliggende grond om die natuurlike vloei van reënwater vanaf hoërliggende grond te ontvang, ongeag of dit skade vir hom of vir haar aan sy of haar grond meebring. Die regsbeginsels wat hierdie spesifieke soort buurgeskil beheer, gee aanleiding tot ’n aantal komplekse en moeilike vrae. Een hiervan is of dit nie net op landelike grond wat nog in sy ongerepte natuurlike staat verkeer van toepassing is nie, maar ook ongekwalifiseerd van toepassing is op stedelike grond waarvan die topografie in die proses van kultivering ingrypend verander is. In Williams v Harris (1998 3 SA 970 (HHA)), het die hoogste hof van appèl obiter bevind dat die regsbeginsels wel ook op stedelike persele aanwending vind. In die daaropvolgende uitspraak in Pappalardo v Hau (2010 2 SA 451 (HHA)) het dieselfde hof egter, weereens obiter, bevind dat die regsbeginsels tog nie ongekwalifiseerd aanwending in gekultiveerde stedelike erwe vind nie. Ten spyte van die feit dat hierdie teenstrydige benaderings bygedra het tot die verwarring en onsekerheid wat hierdie gedeelte van die burereg kenmerk en dus uitroep vir ’n bevredigende oplossing, het die hoogste hof van appèl in Pietermaritzburg en Distriksraad vir die Bejaardessorg (PADCA) v Redlands Development Projects (Pty) Ltd (2018 4 SA 113 (HHA)) versuim om hierdie kwessie direk aan te spreek. Die hof het bloot die regsbeginsels wat die natuurlike vloei van water beheer, toegepas op grond wat duidelik stedelike grond is. Die doel van die outeur met hierdie nota is om hierdie uitspraak krities te ondersoek deur, ten minste gedeeltelik, ’n regs- en ekonomiese benadering op hierdie gebied van burereg toe te pas.