bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tungstates of the Boyovskoye tungsten deposit (Southern Urals)
Authors:   The Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of the Ural Branch of RAS, Ponomarev Vladimir Sergeevich , Erokhin Yuriy Viktorovich ,   The Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of the Ural Branch of RAS, Grigor’ev Valeriy Vasil’evich ,   Ural Geological Museum of the Ural State Mining University
Published: July 2023

The relevance of the work is due to the need for a mineralogical study of tungsten deposits in the Ural region, which have been mined since the end of the 19th century. The purpose of the work is the diagnostics and detailed description of tungstates from the Boyovskoye tungsten deposit located on the border of the Chelyabinsk and Sverdlovsk regions in the Southern Urals. Analytical studies were carried out in the Laboratory of Physical and Chemical Research Methods of the Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, UB RAS, Ekaterinburg. The chemical composition of minerals was analyzed in polished sections on a CAMECA SX 100 microanalyzer. Measurement conditions: accelerating voltage 15 kV, current 150 nA, electron beam diameter 2 μm. The pressure in the sample chamber is 2 ⋅ 10–4 Pa. The spectra were obtained on tilted wave spectrometers; the intensity was measured from analytical lines. Standard samples: scheelite, wolframite, galena, rutile and chromite. Raman spectra of minerals were obtained using a LabRam HR Evolution spectrometer (Horiba Scientific). A red laser, 532 nm, was used for analysis. As a result of the work, new data on the chemical composition of hubnerite and scheelite were obtained and their Raman spectra were presented. For the first time for the Boyovskoye tungsten deposit, a reliable diagnosis and description of lead tungstate – stolzite was made. The mineral was found in samples with veined quartz in association with muscovite, fluorite, hubnerite and scheelite. It fills cracks and voids in hubnerite, rarely overgrows scheelite or fills cracks in scheelite. It is a later mineral in relation to hubnerite and scheelite. Its chemical composition contains impurities of manganese, calcium, iron and titanium. The stolzite found by us is a mineral of the oxidation zone and, most likely, was formed due to the weathering of wolframite and galena, which is also present in quartz veins.
Confessions of an Enemy of the People
Authors:   Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs, Filatov Vladimir Viktorovich
Published: July 2023

In the Soviet Union in the 1920s–1930s, for the first time in the world, they began to plan scientific research and development in branch science. An outstanding role in the development of methodological and theoretical problems of planning scientific research belonged to N. I. Bukharin. To do this, he created a scientific and technical department in the Supreme Council of National Economy, and when the Supreme Council of National Economy was liquidated, the Central Research Sector (CRS) of the People’s Commissariat of Heavy Industry began to deal with the planning of scientific research. In the Urals, in the most important industrial center of the industrialization of the USSR, F. P. Barsukov, a native of the city of Polotsk, Byelorussian SSR, engaged in the organization of planning and development of industry and academic science. In Sverdlovsk, he created the Ural House of Technology and a geological exhibition - the future Ural Geological Museum. In 1937 F. P. Barsukov was repressed. He died in a detention camp in 1942.
Geophysical studies of the area of groundwater pollution in Verkh-Neyvinsky village
Authors:   Bulashevich Institute of Geophysics of the Ural Branch of RAS, Shchapov Vladislav Anatol’evich , Yurkov Anatoliy Konstantinovich ,   Bulashevich Institute of Geophysics of the Ural Branch of RAS, Tsay Grigoriy Aleksandrovich ,   Bulashevich Institute of Geophysics of the Ural Branch of RAS
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the research. The ecology of human habitation implies the absence of any pollution of the natural environment and special requirements are imposed on the quality of air and water. In this regard, the purpose of the research is to determine the sources of pollution of drinking water, the area of its distribution and the depth of contamination of the fracture space of rocks, as well as to give recommendations on how to more quickly eliminate pollution of the water basin. Methodology. In the course of the research, geophysical studies were carried out using the method of vertical electrical sounding of the coast of the Verkh-Neyvinsky pond, on the territory of which there is a gas station of BNP (Bashkirnefteprodukt). The area of contamination with oil products was outlined, and the depth of penetration of oil products was assessed. The work was performed using the ERA-MAX equipment with a standard set of active electrodes. Sections of electrical resistivity were constructed, which can be associated with the boundaries of the area and deep penetration of oil products along the fracture zones. Results. The results of the 2021 work confirmed the area of contamination previously made by the Gidrospetsgeologiya organization based on water analyzes from surface samples performed in 2017, and made it possible to assess the depth and presence of surface and underground pollution. Conclusions. Comparison of the area of pollution by oil products, in particular gasoline, is a complex environmental problem and requires a long time to eliminate pollution. Most of the existing literature describes cases of oil pollution. The problem of gasoline pollution elimination is more complicated due to significantly different coefficients of kinematic viscosity of oils and gasolines; therefore, the gasoline pollution area has a significantly larger size and depth. Recommendations are given for a more rational way to eliminate pollution.
Alibis of Exclusion: The role of ethnic economies in the differentiated inclusion of refugees in Berlin
Authors: Sohail Jagat
Published: July 2023

Neoliberal transformations in the field of asylum in Germany have, since 2016, placed an emphasis on labour market participation as the primary way through which refugees can establish long-term residence claims. Yet, while new arrivals are increasingly expected to rapidly integrate into this market, they are often armed with differential and precarious legal statuses which overwhelmingly determine the spheres of economic activity refugees can enter. This is especially true for the ever increasing number of rejected asylum seekers who are temporarily “tolerated”, for whom the only path to residence requires that they display their value as economic subjects to the German state. Based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in Berlin between 2017 and 2020, I argue that, armed with little other than their cultural identities and networks, many refugees heavily relied on co-ethnic relationships to facilitate their participation in the labour market. The result is a displacement of the management of new diversity to ethnic economies, a move that disavows the marginalising consequences of the neoliberal transformations refugees are subject to. By masking a relationship between recently arrived migrants and the German economy and society as a relationship between migrants themselves, I argue that these practices work as alibis of exclusion.
Exact one-particle density matrix for SU(N) fermionic matter-waves in the strong repulsive limit
Authors: Osterloh Andreas , Polo Juan , Chetcuti Wayne Jordan , Amico Luigi
Published: July 2023

We consider a gas of repulsive NN-component fermions confined in a ring-shaped potential, subjected to an effective magnetic field. For large repulsion strengths, we work out a Bethe ansatz scheme to compute the two-point correlation matrix and then the one-particle density matrix. Our results hold in the mesoscopic regime of finite but sufficiently large number of particles and system size that are not accessible by numerics. We access the momentum distribution of the system and analyse its specific dependence of interaction, magnetic field and number of components NN. In the context of cold atoms, the exact computation of the correlation matrix to determine the interference patterns that are produced by releasing cold atoms from ring traps is carried out.
Surface defects detection in metal materials repaired by laser surfacing of seal welds
Authors: Wang Weiyong
Published: July 2023

Laser surfacing repair technology for sealing welds is widely used in metal repair. Due to welding technology and usage scenarios, process defects on the metal surface are inevitable. Therefore, ultrasonic surface wave technology is used to analyze the surface defects of metal materials. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used to extract the main defect signals on the metal surface, and synthetic aperture focusing technology is used to reduce imaging errors. Considering the lack of PCA in imaging defects, wavelet domain hidden Markov models (WHMM) are combined to optimize the signal, thereby improving the inspection effect of metal defects. In the test results of the relationship between the propagation distance of 316 L steel and the defect echo signal, the echo signal gradually fitted as the propagation distance increased. When the propagation distance was greater than 10 mm, the image acquisition defect signal had significant noise points. Various techniques were used to process the original echo signals of metal surface defects. The improved PCA-WHMM algorithm had significant advantages with the SNR value of the defect image increased by 13.65 % compared to PCA-WHMM. At the same time, the surface repair effects of laser surfacing 316 L metal before and after optimization were compared. The hardness, toughness, and corrosion resistance of the optimized metal were significantly improved. The proposed technological innovation combines traditional laser surfacing repair with deep learning fault diagnosis, which not only greatly improves the efficiency of fault diagnosis, but also proves that this research can effectively avoid common focus issues of laser surfacing repair technology, providing important technical reference for the application of ultrasonic technology in metal defect detection.
Nanoparticles of metals and their compounds in films and coatings: A review
Authors: Eremeeva Natalia
Published: July 2023

Nanotechnology is important in food packaging because it increases shelf life, enhances food safety, and improves sensory characteristics and nutrient availability. We aimed to review scientific publications on the synthesis of nanoparticles, as well as their properties and applications in the food industry.

Research and review articles published from 2020 to 2022 were obtained from the database using the keywords “nanoparticles”, “film”, and “food”. They were on the synthesis of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles and their uses in food films and coatings.

We reviewed methods for synthesizing inorganic nanoparticles from metals and their compounds (silver, zinc, iron, etc.), as well as described their antimicrobial action against foodborne pathogens. By incorporating nanoparticles into films, we can create new materials with strong antimicrobial properties in vitro. Nanoparticles can be used to develop both polymer and biopolymer films, as well as their mixtures. Composite coatings can work synergistically with metal nanoparticles to create multifunctional food packaging systems that can act as compatibilizers. Particular attention was paid to metal nanoparticles in food coatings. We found that nanoparticles reduce the rate of microbial spoilage and inhibit lipid oxidation, thereby increasing the shelf life of raw materials and ready-to-eat foods. The safety of using nanoparticles in food coatings is an important concern. Therefore, we also considered the migration of nanoparticles from the coating into the food product.

Incorporating nanoparticles into polymer and biopolymer films can create new materials with antimicrobial properties against foodborne pathogens. Such composite films can effectively extend the shelf life of food products. However, the undesirable migration of metal ions into the food product may limit the use of such films.
The Business Model as a technique for problem identification and scoping: a case study of Brazilian drinking water quality assessment sector
Authors: de Souza Fernando Hymnô , Silva Fernando Lindo , McGoran Caroline , Rondon-Sulbaran Janeet , Byrne John Anthony , Brennan Michael , Sabogal-Paz Lyda Patricia
Published: July 2023

In this case study, a Business Model Canvas (BMC) was used as a technique for problem identification and scoping for the introduction of a new technology or methodology for water quality assessment. Therefore, information about the Brazilian water supply sector was used for the application of a BMC based on technological innovations for coliform analysis. The innovations proposed in the study include faster results, internet connection, and portability. To populate the model, data regarding the drinking water quality from Brazil were used from public data banks and reports. Also, a group of accountable representatives from diverse water supply systems and water quality laboratories reported their experience with the new coliform analysis and their perception of its technological improvement. The major gaps identified in this study were simplicity and faster results. These may be associated with technological improvements such as portability and internet connection. It was possible to conclude that the segment is diverse, and the BMC highlighted that value might differ for different niches. The results emphasized that the application of a BMC may be more than a business tool. It can also be used by developers or scientists to understand and improve both technology concepts and applications.
Electromagnetic fields of cellular communication as a health risk factor for children and adolescents (review)
Authors:   Institute of Biochemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., Moscow, 119334, Russian Federation, Khorseva N.I. , Grigoriev P.E. ,   Sevastopol State University, 33 Universitetskaya Str., Sevastopol, 299053, Russian Federation
Published: July 2023

Modern telecommunication technologies rely on using radio-frequency electromagnetic field (RF EMF). They have brought many useful services into our life able to solve multiple issues. However, we should bear in mind that this exposure is open, uncontrollable and permanent. Given that, it seems relevant to investigate possible negative influence exerted by RF EMF on health of children and adolescents since this population group is the most vulnerable and sensitive to any external exposure. This review analyzes Russian and foreign studies with their focus on chronic influence of RF EMF created by cellular communication means on health of children (aged 6–10 years) and adolescents (aged 11–16 years). We have established several manifestations of health disorders in children and adolescents including asthenic syndrome (headache, irritability, increased fatigue, sleeping disorders, periodical pains in the heart and joints); mental deadaptation (anxiety, stress, depression, etc.); as well as their combinations. Along with all the aforementioned syndromes, effects produced by exposure to RF EMF become apparent through some indirect signs of memory and attention failure such as forgetfulness (inability to recall the necessary information in time) and inattention (inability to concentrate on an event or activity) and even through growing frequency of respiratory diseases. Basing on the analyzed studies by Russian and foreign researchers, we can conclude that they provide solid evidence of negative influence of electromagnetic fields created by cell phones on health of children and adolescents. Therefore, implementation of modern gadgets and their active use by children and adolescents should be accompanied with assessment of actual threats posed by them, health risk assessment, and development of scientifically substantiated standards for their safe use.
ciência e tecnologia em favor da gestão da inovação em saúde pública
Authors: Martins de Oliveira Sonia Regina , Biolchini Jorge Calmon de Almeida , Mello Ruth Espínola Soriano de
Published: July 2023

O estudo investigou a aplicabilidade do conhecimento científico-tecnológico, produzido pelas universidades, a partir da análise das dissertações e teses, como possíveis soluções às demandas de saúde pública, com foco na inovação em saúde. Foi realizado questionamento para apurar as dificuldades encontradas pela sociedade por tais serviços, além da percepção de existir lacuna entre a produção acadêmica e a sua implementação. A hipótese se pautou que o estímulo à inovação pela aplicabilidade do conhecimento é gerado no meio universitário. A metodologia utilizada foi a abordagem quantitativa por estudo de caso, envolvendo pesquisa junto às universidades do Estado do Rio de Janeiro delimitada nas seguintes áreas: Administração, Ciência da Informação, Engenharia de Produção e Medicina, no período de 2015 até 2019. O instrumento de coleta de dados envolveu a consolidação das publicações da plataforma Sucupira/CAPES, cujos dados foram organizados mediante taxonomia, os quais viabilizaram análise de conteúdo. Os resultados evidenciaram que houve baixo percentual de produções acadêmicas voltadas à inovação em saúde, relevando necessidade de efetiva aplicação do conhecimento em benefício da sociedade.
Role of LncRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Sepsis and their Clinical
Significance
Authors: Yang Yongpeng , Zhang Jianping , Xu Ruifeng , Wang Weikai , Wei Lin
Published: July 2023

Sepsis is a fatal organ dysfunction caused by the host's uncontrolled
response to infection, with high morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and intervention
are the most effective methods to reduce the mortality due to sepsis. However, there is
still a lack of definite biomarkers or intervention targets for the diagnosis, evaluation,
prognosis, and treatment of sepsis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a type of noncoding
transcript with a length ranging from 200 to 100,000 nucleotides. LncRNAs
mainly locate in the cytoplasm and nucleus and participate in various signaling pathways
related to inflammatory reactions and organ dysfunction. Recent studies have reported
that lncRNAs are involved in regulating the pathophysiological process of sepsis. Some
classical lncRNAs have been confirmed as promising biomarkers to evaluate the
severity and prognosis of sepsis. This review summarizes the mechanical studies on
lncRNAs in sepsis-induced acute lung, kidney, myocardial, and liver injuries, analyzes
the role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of sepsis, and explores the possibility of
lncRNAs as potential biomarkers and intervention targets for sepsis-induced multiple
organ dysfunction.
Chiral Azepines: In silico Potential in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, a Chemical Analysis
Authors: Rodríguez-Matsui Hisami , Aparicio-Solano David M. , Orea María L. , Carrasco-Carballo Alan , Terán Joel L.
Published: July 2023

Background:

Chiral azepines are synthesized with remarkable diastereoselectivity, but their biological activity has not been investigated. However, benzazepines have demonstrated notable effects, particularly on the central nervous system (CNS) and infections. This characteristic attracts the interest of bioinformatic investigations in this new family, as their structural similarity can confirm their potential based on their kinship or discovering new options for biological potential.

Objective:

Possible interaction targets of previously synthesized chiral azepines are investigated. This study involves examining the interaction between these targets, conducting molecular docking analysis, ADME (administration, distribution, metabolism, excretion), and toxicology prediction to assess biological potential.

Methods:

Modeling 3D-optimized structural, virtual screening, molecular docking, ADME, and toxicological studies were performed.

Results:

Structural analysis demonstrated potential against neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. In Molecular docking against cancer, pathways dependent on MAP2K1 and COX-2 exhibited energetically superior inhibitors than reference drugs, namely azepines 1, 3, and 6. Additionally, azepines 1 and 8 exhibited selective impacts against GSK3 and HMG-CoA-Reductase, respectively. Azepine 6 demonstrated an effect on CNS vs. GSK3 and HMG-CoA-Reductase, as well as potential against Alzheimer's disease; however, with a lower energy level with subunit 33 GABA-receptor. ADMETx investigations indicated satisfactory results for azepines. However, the opening of the cycle results in adverse effects and increased bioaccumulation, indicating the importance of preserving the integrity of azepine to propose its biological effect.

Conclusion:

Chiral azepines exhibit significant biological potential, particularly azepine 6 with a methyl substituent, which demonstrates multitarget potential. In addition, p-nitro phenyl substituent makes it highly selective towards CNS diseases. These findings indicate a strong relationship between biological activity and the stability of chiral azepines.
Is there a Relationship between Vertical Facial Development and Nasal Cavity?
Authors: Sadry Sanaz , Somtürk Esra
Published: July 2023

Background:

There are no studies investigating the relationship between cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and nasal passage findings and vertical facial development. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between nasal cavity anatomy and vertical development of patients.

Methods:

A total of 60 CBCTs were examined, and Class I malocclusion individuals were divided into two groups (30 each) according to vertical facial development. All nasal cavity findings were recorded in the study. Vertical facial development, nasal septum, nasal cavity width, thickness and angle were evaluated. Mann-Whitney U Test was used, and Student's t test was used for the comparison of two groups with normal distribution. Significance was evaluated at p<0.01 and p<0.05 levels.

Results:

Statistical analysis showed a relationship between vertical facial development and nasal cavity findings. Nasal septum deviation was mild to moderate in the hyperdivergent group, while septal deviation was absent in the hypodivergent group. A statistically significant difference was found in the width, distance (x-y) and angle of the nasal cavity from the hyperdivergent group in Class I vertical subgroups (p<0.05).

Conclusion:

When compared between low-angle and high-angle groups, statistically significant differences were observed in anterior face height, nasal passage angle, and distance between the outermost points of the nasal cavity.
Visual Prediction of the Progression of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3
Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Ru Danlei , Li Jinchen , Peng Linliu , Jiang Hong , Qiu Rong
Published: July 2023

Background:

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3/Machado-Joseph disease (SCA3/MJD) is a clinically
heterogeneous and progressive condition. Evaluation of its progression will contribute to clinical
management and genetic counseling.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to provide a visualized interpretable prediction of the progression
of SCA3/MJD based on machine learning (ML) methods.

Methods:

A total of 716 patients with SCA3/MJD were included in this study. The International Cooperative
Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS) and Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) scores
were used to quantitatively assess disease progression in the patients. Clinical and genotype information
were collected as factors for predicting progression. Prediction models were constructed with ML algorithms,
and the prediction results were then visualized to facilitate personalizing of clinical consultation.

Results:

The CAG repeat length of ATXN3 and its product with age, the duration of disease, and age
were identified as the 4 most important factors for predicting the severity and progression of
SCA3/MJD. The SVM-based model achieved the best performance in predicting the total ICARS and
SARA scores, with accuracy (10%) values of 0.7619 for the SARA and 0.7042 for the ICARS. To visualize
the predictions, line charts were used to show the expected progression over the next decade, and
radar charts were used to show the scores of each part of the ICARS and SARA separately.

Conclusion:

We are the first group to apply ML algorithms to predict progression in SCA3/MJD and
achieved desirable results. Visualization provided personalized predictions for each sample and can aid
in developing clinical counseling regimens in the future.
Advances in Research on Tool Wear Online Monitoring Method
Authors: Wu Xitong , Li Guohe , Shao Zhihua , Liu Weijun , Ma Ganzhong
Published: July 2023

Background:

With the continued advancement of industrial internet technology, mechanical manufacturing is increasingly developing towards automation and intelligence. As a result, monitoring the manufacturing process has become an essential requirement for intelligent manufacturing. As one of the fundamental components of cutting processes, tools are inevitably subject to wear and damage during use. Therefore, tool wear monitoring plays a crucial role in modern manufacturing.

Introduction:

With the development of the manufacturing industry, the requirement for automation manufacturing is higher and higher. In the process of automatic processing, unmanned processing and adaptive processing, it is not only required to be able to know the accurate wear state of the tool in the process real-time but also required to change the milling parameters according to the wear state of the tool, in order to optimize the productivity and processing quality. The tool monitoring system can effectively reduce the operating cost of workshop production and improve the reliability of intelligent workshop and flexible production lines.

Method:

This article summarizes commonly used online monitoring methods mentioned by articles and patents, such as cutting force, vibration, acoustic emission, temperature, current, and power signals. Each monitoring method is analyzed in terms of its principles, advantages and disadvantages, signal acquisition equipment, and research status. The article also identifies current issues and future development directions.

Results:

As modern manufacturing technology continues to develop rapidly, unmanned factories have become a significant feature of the manufacturing industry. Consequently, the need for tool wear condition monitoring technology is becoming increasingly urgent. Although tool condition monitoring technology has made significant progress over the past twenty years and has been applied in actual production, several issues need to be addressed to make tool wear condition monitoring systems mo.

Conclusion:

This serves as a reference for theoretical research and application of online monitoring of tool wear in intelligent manufacturing systems.
Damping Characteristics Improvement of Wind-PV Hybrid System by
Coordinated Optimization of SVC-POD Controller Parameters
Authors: He Ping , Yang Hua , Ji Yuqi , Li Qiuyan , Yun Lei , Zhang Xiaowei
Published: July 2023

Background:

With the increasing penetration of new energy resources such as wind
farms and photovoltaic power plants, there is concern about the stability of power systems.

Methods:

Aiming at the low-frequency oscillation issue of the wind-PV hybrid system, a coordinated
optimal design strategy based on Static Var Compensator (SVC) and Power Oscillation
Damping (POD) control is proposed. Modal analysis is used to locate the controller, then the
Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) is introduced to optimize the SVC-POD controller parameters.
To solve the wind-PV hybrid energy system's low frequency oscillation issues, the damping
ratio and angular velocity of the generator rotor are considered in the objective function.

Results:

Taking IEEE four-machine two-area system as an example, several working conditions
are designed, including changing the power of the contact line. The eigenvalue analysis and simulation
findings verify that the suggested proposed method can successfully raise the damping ratio of the system,
keep the generator speed stable, and restrain the occurrence of low-frequency oscillation.

Conclusion:

Simulation results demonstrate that this method efficiently suppresses the lowfrequency
oscillation and increases the robustness of the system.
Research on WSN Intelligent Routing Algorithm based on Bayesian
Learning and Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Jia Songhao , Yang Cai , Yang Jizheng , Zhang Haiyu , Chen Xing
Published: July 2023

Background:

Wireless sensor networks have the characteristics of strong scalability,
easy maintenance, and self-organization, but the energy of nodes is limited and it is difficult to
replace the energy supply module. The survival time of the network has always been the key to
restricting the development of wireless sensor networks.

Objective:

Aiming at the problems of short network lifetime and low coverage, a multi-objective
optimization routing algorithm has been proposed, focusing on how to balance the communication
energy consumption of each node in the network and improve the coverage area of the remaining
nodes.

Method:

Firstly, the node region was divided into several fan ring subregions. Then, the particle
swarm optimization algorithm was used to find the fan angles and radii of each fan ring subregion.
Next, Bayesian learning was used to select the appropriate cluster head.

Results:

The simulation results showed the convergence speed of the proposed algorithm to be
improved, solving the problems of cluster head election and node routing planning, improving
the utilization of node energy, and verifying the effectiveness.

Conclusion:

The particle swarm optimization algorithm and Bayesian learning have been introduced
to cluster network nodes, and a multi-objective fitness function compatible with the energy
consumption and coverage of network nodes has been designed. By optimizing the selection
method of convergence nodes, the network communication cost of each node can be effectively
balanced, and the speed of network coverage area reduction can be effectively reduced in the
later period of node communication.
Exploring the impact of co-fermentation Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus sp. on stingless bee-honey cider fermentation
Authors: Thipraksa Junjira , Michu Panisa , Kongthong Alisa , Chaijak Pimprapa
Published: July 2023

Stingless bee honey is a nutritious food that contains a variety of vitamins, minerals, enzymes, and antioxidants. It is known to have higher nutritional and medicinal properties compared to honey produced by other bee species. Cider is a well-known functional drink that contains high antioxidants, which can help protect against cellular damage caused by free radicals. This study aimed to investigate the potential of co-fermentation with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and bacterium (Lactobacillus sp.) in producing high-antioxidant honey cider when compare with standard antioxidant. The results showed that honey cider co-fermented with both microorganisms for 14 days had significantly higher antioxidant activity (145.27 ± 0.20 µg TE/mL) compared to single culture fermentation (p < 0.05). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed the presence of several bioactive compounds in the stingless bee honey cider. These compounds include methylenecyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 2(5H)-furanone, 2-methylbicyclo[4.3.0]non-1(6)-ene, bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-ene, 4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl), D-limonene, benzene, 1-(1-butenyl)-4-methoxy, and phytol. These compounds possess various beneficial activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. The identification of these compounds in the stingless bee honey cider suggests that it may have potential health benefits beyond its nutritional value. The co-fermentation approach using S. cerevisiae and Lactobacillus sp. could be considered a promising strategy for developing antioxidant-enriched honey cider with potential health benefits.
Investigating the impact of nanoparticle geothermal silica loading on the mechanical properties and vulcanization characteristics of rubber composites
Authors: Syabani Muh Wahyu , Rochmadi  , Perdana Indra , Prasetya Agus
Published: July 2023

The present study investigates the effects of nanoparticle geothermal silica (NGS) on the mechanical properties and vulcanization characteristics of rubber compounds with various filler loadings. The rubber compounds were filled with 0, 20, 30, and 40 phr of silica. The properties of NGS were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy, particle size analyzer, and BET surface area analysis to examine its morphology, size distribution, and surface area. The mechanical properties and vulcanization characteristics of the rubber compounds reinforced with NGS were evaluated using a universal testing machine and moving die rheometer. The results showed that NGS possessed the primary particle sizes below 20 nm and a surface area of 168.35 m2/g. The interaction between silica and rubber determined the modulus of the rubber composites and the vulcanization characteristics. The tensile strength of the rubber compounds, meanwhile, showed a significant increase more than threefold as the filler loading increased from 0 phr to 30 phr, followed by a slight decline at 40 phr loading. The addition of 20 phr of silica led to a prolonged scorch time compared to the filler-free compound due to the adsorption of activators and accelerators. However, the scorch time decreased after reaching 30 phr of silica loading, which could be attributed to the higher amount of bound rubber covering a portion of the silica surface, thereby reducing its ability to adsorb the activator. The presence of silica with good thermal conductivity enabled a better heat transfer during the vulcanization process, resulting in shorter curing times for higher loading. Rubber compounds with an NGS loading of 30 phr demonstrated a favorable balance between filler-rubber interactions, vulcanization characteristics, and mechanical properties in the rubber compounds.
Factors influencing Primary Care Physicians recommending patients to use digital health technologies for self-management: A cross-sectional study across 20 countries (Preprint)
Authors: Odunlami Wuraola Oluwayomi , Greenfield Geva , Li Edmond , El-Osta Austen , Tsopra Rosy , Lingner Heidrun , Memarian Ensieh , Hoffman Robert , Nessler Katarzyna , Jimenez Geronimo , Collins Claire , Petek Davorina , Clavería Ana , Fernández Maria José , Gusso Gustavo , Ungan Mehmet , Irving Greg , Laranjo Liliana , Ghafur Saira , Fontana Gianluca , Car Josip , Hayhoe Benedict , Majeed Azeem , Neves Ana Luisa
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

Expanding access to self-management via Digital Health Technologies may supplement traditional care, mitigating pressures on primary care through self-management. Primary Care Physicians can play a critical role in the integration of digital health technologies into patient care, but it is unclear what factors influence Primary Care Physicians’ recommendation of such technologies.

OBJECTIVE

To identify the factors associated with Primary Care Physicians recommending digital health technologies to patients for self-management before, and during the pandemic.

METHODS

Primary Care Physicians across 20 countries completed an online questionnaire between June-September 2020. The outcome was self-report of recommending patients to at least one of six listed forms of digital health technologies (symptom checker/self-assessment tools, online information resources, health trackers, and mindfulness apps, online counselling and crisis resolution services). Multivariate logistic regression models were performed to identify factors associated with recommending digital health technologies to patients before and during the pandemic. McNemar's Chi-squared (χ2) test was used to analyse changes during the pandemic.

RESULTS

A total of 1,592 Primary Care Physicians were included. Before the pandemic, odds of recommending digital health technologies for self-management were lower for Primary Care Physicians not involved in teaching (aOR 0.64, 95%CI 0.51-0.8), or practising in Turkey, Australia, Chile, Colombia, France, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, and Spain (aORs range: aOR 0.18, 95%CI 0.1-0.34 [Turkey]; aOR 0.58, 95% CI 0.36-0.93) [Australia]). During the pandemic, Primary Care Physicians practising in rural settings had higher odds of starting to recommend digital health technologies (aOR=2.07 [1.19-3.58], as well as those from Brazil, Colombia, and Italy (aOR= 3.18 [1.13-8.76]; 6.89 [2.97-16.6] and 3.85 [1.85-8.21], respectively]. There was no significant difference in recommending digital health technologies before and during the pandemic (53.2% vs 54.7%, P=0.215).

CONCLUSIONS

Involvement in teaching (pre-pandemic) and practising in a rural setting (during the pandemic) positively influenced recommendation of digital health technologies. Significant variation in recommending digital health technologies was present across countries. Further research is indicated to better understand potential drivers of variation, including characteristics of the populations served, as well as national health systems and policies.
Safety in Teletriage by Nurses and Physicians in the United States and Israel: Narrative Review and Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Haimi Motti , Wheeler Sheila  Quilter
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

The safety of telemedicine in general and telephone triage (teletriage) safety in particular have been a focus of concern since the 1970s. Today, telehealth, now subsuming teletriage, has a basic structure and process intended to promote safety. However, inadequate telehealth systems may also compromise patient safety. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated rapid but uneven telehealth growth, both technologically and professionally. Within 5-10 years, the field will likely be more technologically advanced; however, these advances may still outpace professional standards. The need for an evidence-based system is crucial and urgent.

OBJECTIVE

Our aim was to explore ways that developed teletriage systems produce safe outcomes by examining key system components and questioning long-held assumptions.

METHODS

We examined safety by performing a narrative review of the literature using key terms concerning patient safety in teletriage. In addition, we conducted system analysis of 2 typical formal systems, physician led and nurse led, in Israel and the United States, respectively, and evaluated those systems’ respective approaches to safety. Additionally, we conducted in-depth interviews with representative physicians and 1 nurse using a qualitative approach.

RESULTS

The review of literature indicated that research on various aspects of telehealth and teletriage safety is still sparse and of variable quality, producing conflicting and inconsistent results. Researchers, possibly unfamiliar with this complicated field, use an array of poorly defined terms and appear to design studies based on unfounded assumptions. The interviews with health care professionals demonstrated several challenges encountered during teletriage, mainly making diagnosis from a distance, treating unfamiliar patients, a stressful atmosphere, working alone, and technological difficulties. However, they reported using several measures that help them make accurate diagnoses and reasonable decisions, thus keeping patient safety, such as using their expertise and intuition, using structured protocols, and considering nonmedical factors and patient preferences (shared decision-making).

CONCLUSIONS

Remote encounters about acute, worrisome symptoms are time sensitive, requiring decision-making under conditions of uncertainty and urgency. Patient safety and safe professional practice are extremely important in the field of teletriage, which has a high potential for error. This underregulated subspecialty lacks adequate development and substantive research on system safety. Research may commingle terminology and widely different, ill-defined groups of decision makers with wide variation in decision-making skills, clinical training, experience, and job qualifications, thereby confounding results. The rapid pace of telehealth’s technological growth creates urgency in identifying safe systems to guide developers and clinicians about needed improvements.
Assessing Internet's potential value in repairing public-physician trust: A cross-sectional study during COVID-19 from China (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Yangyang , Yu Heng , Liu Yin
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the Internet has accelerated in popularity in China, especially among the middle-aged and elderly groups. At the same time, physicians' contributions were substantially mentioned and reported during the COVID-19 pandemic, but can the Internet enhance public trust in physicians? Exploring this question is important to alleviate the increasingly tense physician-patient relationship and reduce violent attacks on physicians, but no studies have explored this issue.

OBJECTIVE

The frequent violent assaults in China against physicians reflect the lack of public trust in physicians. Based on a cross-sectional data at the nationwide level in mainland China during the COVID-19 pandemic, this study explored the relationship between internet use and public trust in physicians, and its underlying mechanisms.

METHODS

This study used data from the China Family Panel Studies of wave 2020, which involved 11,554 middle-aged and elder adults aged 45 and above. The relationship between internet use and public trust in physicians was tested empirically by constructing the OLS model, and further examine the mediating role of life satisfaction and the moderating role of perceived quality of healthcare with the help of macro PROCESS4.0 tool.

RESULTS

Internet use and public trust in physicians were significantly negatively associated, and this association was significant in the male sample and the urban sample. The full mediating role of life satisfaction in the negative effect of internet use on public trust in physicians was 39.66%. Perceived quality of healthcare positively moderated the association between internet use and public trust in physicians, which implies that this relationship is stronger in publics with high perceived quality of healthcare than in those with low perceived quality of healthcare.

CONCLUSIONS

The Internet is an important tool for repairing public-physician trust, and the abundance of negative news in the Internet is key to eroding public-physician trust. Improving the public's life satisfaction and medical experience can help repair public-doctor trust indirectly, thus reducing the incidence of violent attacks against doctors.
Use of an online tailored decision aid to promote informed decision making about maternal pertussis vaccination: Process evaluation of a randomised controlled trial (Preprint)
Authors: Anraad Charlotte , van Empelen Pepijn , Ruiter Robert A.C. , van Keulen Hilde
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

To promote informed decision making and Maternal Pertussis Vaccination (MPV) uptake, we systematically developed an interactive, web-based decision aid for pregnant women. Intervention reach, use and acceptability are essential for it to be effective.

OBJECTIVE

In this process evaluation, we aim to evaluate (1) reach and (2) use of the intervention, and (3) the acceptability of the intervention.

METHODS

We analysed reach and use of the intervention among participants in the intervention group of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) that assessed the effects of the online tailored decision aid in the form of a web-app. Participants were recruited via social media and midwifery clinics and invited via e-mail to use the intervention at 18 weeks of pregnancy. Reach was measured objectively by assessing the number of participants that visited the intervention at least once. Use of the intervention was logged and included time spent on the decision aid, the number of times clicked, pages visited, and answers given in interactive components. Data of the baseline survey (<18 weeks of pregnancy) was used to measure socio-demographics, informed decision making, MPV uptake and determinants of uptake. A post-test survey (20-22 weeks of pregnancy) was used to evaluate the acceptability of the decision aid.

RESULTS

Of the 586 participants in the intervention group, 463 (79.0%) reached the homepage of the intervention. On average, participants spent 4.25 minutes on the decision aid (SD=4.39). Most participants used the decision aid once (56.2% of those who reached it, N=260) or twice (26.6%, N=123). The average number of clicks was 27.24 and varied widely (SD=25.08). Participants evaluated the decision aid positively with an overall grade of 8.0 out of 10 (SD=1.01). In total, 38.9% of participants indicated that the decision aid helped them with MPV decision-making.

CONCLUSIONS

The reach of the decision aid was successful with 79.0%, and participants were very positive about the decision aid. Use of the intervention leaves room for improvement and should be improved to maximize intervention effects.

CLINICALTRIAL

https://onderzoekmetmensen.nl/en/trial/25018
Appeal of Editor-in-Chief
Authors: Ivanov D.D.
Published: July 2023

No abstract
Urological Infections
Authors: Authors No
Published: July 2023

No abstract
Membranous nephropathy: the current state of the problem
Authors: Sharapov O.N. , Abdullaev Sh.S.
Published: July 2023

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an autoimmune disease of the kidney glomeruli and one of the leading causes of nephrotic syndrome. The disease exhibits heterogenous outcomes with approximately 30 % of cases progressing to end-stage renal disease. The study of MN pathogenesis has steadily advanced owing to the identification of autoantibodies to the phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) in 2009 and thrombospondin domain-containing 7A (THSD7A) on the podocyte surface in 2014. Approximately 50–80 and 3–5 % of primary MN cases are associated with either anti-PLA2R or anti-THSD7A antibodies, respectively. The presence of these autoantibodies is used for MN diagnosis; antibody levels correlate with disease severity and possess significant biomarker values in monitoring disease progression and treatment response.
Bericht zur wissenschaftlichen und technologischen Leistungsfähigkeit Österreichs 2019
Authors:   Rat für Forschung und Technologieentwicklung, Gadner Johannes
Published: July 2023

Der vorliegende Bericht unternimmt eine summative Bewertung des Umsetzungsstands der FTI-Strategie und zeigt den Status der Zielerreichung auf. Dabei werden die Entwicklungen von 2010 bis heute verdeutlicht und der Grad der Zielerreichung abschließend beurteilt.3 Auf dieser Basis werden schließlich für jeden Bereich des FTI-Systems die wesentlichen Verbesserungsvorschläge sowie Empfehlungen für eine künftige FTI-Strategie präsentiert. Aus den Detailanalysen des vorliegenden Berichts geht eindeutig hervor, dass sich die Leistungsfähigkeit des österreichischen FTI-Systems insgesamt seit 2010 nicht in ausreichendem Ausmaß gesteigert hat, um sich substanziell in Richtung des Niveaus der Innovation Leaders zu bewegen. Trotz überdurchschnittlicher F&E-Investitionen und erfolgreicher Entwicklungen in einigen Bereichen konnte der anhand des Indikatoren-Sets gemessene Zielabstand Österreichs zu den führenden Ländern in Summe nicht verringert werden.
Bericht zur wissenschaftlichen und technologischen Leistungsfähigkeit Österreichs 2022
Authors:   Rat für Forschung und Technologieentwicklung, Alexandra Mazak-Huemer , Wagner Martin
Published: July 2023

Mit dem jährlich erscheinenden Bericht zur wissenschaftlichen und technologischen Leistungsfähigkeit Österreichs bietet der RFTE seit 2012 Akteur:innen und politischen Entscheidungsträger:innen des FTI­ Systems eine entsprechend fundierte Grundlage für evidenzbasierte, systemisch wirksame Handlungen. In diesem Jahr trägt der RFTE den sich stetig verändernden Erfordernissen mit der vorliegenden Ausgabe eines neu gedachten Berichts und dem neuen webbasierten FTI­ Monitor unter fti-monitor.rfte.at Rechnung.