bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The use of plants in the traditional treatment of diabetes patients: survey in southern Morocco
Authors: EL BOULLANI Rachida , BARKAOUI Mohamed , LAGRAM Khalid , EL FINTI Aissam , KAMEL Nadia , EL MOUSADIK Abdelhamid , SERGHINI Mohammed A. , MSANDA Fouad
Published: December 2022

This study was conducted in public healthcare establishments in Guelmim city in south of Morocco to report medicinal plants used in folk medicine to treat diabetes. Three hundred sixty-two informants were interviewed through semi structured interviews. The inventory includes scientiﬁc, popular and common names of the plants, used parts and method of preparation. The survey shows that 24.6% of the patients use these plants. Twenty-seven medicinal plants belonging to seventeen families were inventoried and three species were cited for the first time in the treatment of diabetes in Morocco. Olea europea L., Artemisia herba-alba Asso and Trigonella foenum-graecum L. are the most plant species used to treat diabetes, and the two most cited families are Lamiaceae (5 species) and Apiaceae (4 species). Leaves represented the most utilized part of plants and decoction was the most cited mode of preparation of drugs. The present study highlights the wide variety of herbal remedies used to treat diabetes and the frequency of this use in diabetic patients.
Morphological, Pomological, and Nutritional Value of Wild and Cultivated Rosehip (Rosa canina L.) Genotypes in Slavonia, Croatia
Authors: Benković-Lačić Teuta , Japundžić-Palenkić Božica , Mirosavljević Krunoslav , Rakić Mario , Obradović Valentina , Japundžić Matija , Benković Robert
Published: December 2022

In this study, the morphological, pomological, and nutritional values of wild and cultivated rosehip fruits grown in the Slavonia region of eastern Croatia were studied. The results revealed significant differences in several morphological and pomological characteristics among the rosehip genotypes in terms of fruit weight, flesh weight, seed weight, and fruit flesh ratio, with no significant differences in fruit width, fruit length, fruit shape index, seed number per fruit, or seed length. The evaluated rosehip fruit genotypes differed significantly from each other in terms of hectoliter weight (kg), fruit bulk (cm3), and bulk density (kg/m3). For water–soluble extracts, ash, and pH, no statistical difference was found between naturally grown genotypes, but there was a significant difference between naturally grown and cultivated genotypes. Twenty-three major and trace elements were analyzed. The most abundant elements were K, Ca, Mg, and P in both cultivated and naturally grown fruits. The highest concentrations of microelements were Fe, Al, Mn, and Sr. The conventionally cultivated genotype L1 had the highest concentration of Fe and Na as essential elements for humans but also had the highest concentrations of Al, Sr, Ti, V, Cr, Pb, Co, Li, and As of all the genotypes studied. The naturally grown genotype L4 had the highest concentrations of S, Zn, Rb, and Cd and the lowest concentrations of Mg, K, and Ca among all studied genotypes. The data showed that the analyzed genotypes from eastern Croatia had good nutritional quality and variability, making them suitable as genetic resources and possibly leading to the detection of rosehip genotypes as potential sources of beneficial ingredients for human health.
Экономическая эффективность ветеринарного обслуживания птицефабрик мясного направления
Authors: Никитин Иван Николаевич , Журавель Нина Александровна , Мифтахутдинов Алевтин Викторович , Журавель Виталий Васильевич
Published: December 2022

Представлены данные по определению экономической эффективности ветеринарного обслуживания птицефабрик мясного направления с различной системой содержания: клеточной и напольной. Стоимость продукции, полученной трудом ветеринарных работников, рассчитывали с учетом повышающего коэффициента, который принимали для ветеринарных врачей равным 2, ветеринарных фельдшеров и лаборантов – 1,7, ветеринарного санитара – 1,5, дезинфектора – 1, средний повышающий коэффициент рассчитывали пропорционально ставкам ветеринарных работников в штатном расписании. Количество полученной продукции обусловлено сохранностью поголовья и приростом живой массы. Разница значений показателей по сохранности птицы на разных предприятиях была незначительной и составляла 1,88 %, среднесуточного прироста живой массы – 8,62 %. На птицефабриках с клеточным содержанием цыплят-бройлеров объемы получаемой продукции отличались между собой в пределах 9,63–9,37 %. Средняя живая масса цыплят-бройлеров при снятии с откорма составляла от 2,65 до 2,87 кг, разница в значениях убойного выхода мяса была незначительной, величина показателя на разных птицефабриках составляла 73,33–74,65 %. Установлена высокая прямая связь между количеством произведенной продукции (мяса птицы) и средним поголовьем суточных цыплят (r = 0,99). При напольном содержании цыплят-бройлеров отмечается увеличение затрат на ветеринарное обслуживание в 2,87–3,2 раза, в сравнении с клеточным содержание, в условиях которых они отличаются на 11,02 %. Между экономическим эффектом и средним поголовьем суточных цыплят, полученным мясом птицы установлена высокая прямая связь: r = 0,93 и r = 0,95. Ветеринарное обслуживание птицефабрик мясного направления продуктивности обусловило экономическую эффективность на один рубль затрат в пределах от 0,52 до 0,82 руб.
Doppler Ultrasound Assessment of Portal Venous Flow Changes During Pregnancy
Authors:   M.B.Ch.B, DMRD. Department of Radiology, Rizgary Teaching Hospital, Erbil, Iraq., Mahmuud Sarbast Abdulla , Rashid Sameeah Abdulrahman ,   M.B.Ch.B, DMRD, FIBMS. Assistant professor of Radiology. Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
Published: December 2022

Background & Objectives: We aimed to evaluate portal venous flow changes during pregnancy by evaluating flow velocities and patterns in relation to gestational age. Methods: A total of 130 pregnant comprised (age, 18–45 years [mean, 29.3± 5.31 years]) were recruited. The subjects were divided into: Group 1: thirty four subjects in the 1sttrimester; Group 2: fifty five subjects in the 2nd trimester; and Group 3: forty one subjects in the 3rd trimesters. Portal vein diameter and maximum and minimum velocities were measured from the main portal vein. Spectral analysis was performed by calculating the portal vein pulsatility: minimum portal vein velocity divided by its maximum velocity. Results: The (mean±SD) maximum flow velocities (cm/sec) were higher in group 2 (31.58± 10.33) than those in groups 1 (29.44± 8.97) and 3: (26.8± 6.78), with a significant difference between groups 2 and 3. The mean minimum flow velocities were again higher in group 2: (20.89 ± 5.99) than those in groups 1 (17.71± 5.67) and 3 (18.2± 4.9) with a significant difference between groups 1 and 2. There were no statistically significant differences in mean portal vein diameter among the groups. The portal vein pulsatility value progressively increased with increasing gestational age from 0.60 in the first trimester to 0.68 in the third trimester, with statistical significant differences between groups 1 and 2 and groups 1 and 3. Conclusion: There is a significant increase in maximum portal vein flow velocity during the second trimester, with decreased waveform pulsatility with advancing gestational age.
Association of non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Urolithiasis detected on non-Contrast Computed Tomography
Authors:   M.B.Ch.B, Department of Radiology, Rizgary Teaching Hospital, Erbil, Iraq, Ahmed Kamil Abdulmajeed , Younis Saeed Nadhim ,   M.B.Ch.B, DMRD, PhD, Professor of Radiology, Kurdistan Higher council of Medical Specialties, Erbil, Iraq
Published: December 2022

Background & Objectives: We aimed to assess whether there is an association between urolithiasis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease using non-enhanced computed tomography. Methods :This is a case control study done from October to December 2019, a total of 284 non-contrasts CT scans of reviewed. The subjects were assigned in to cases of non-alcoholic fatty liver group defined with lower average Hounsfield unit of liver than that of spleen and control involved non-fatty liver defined as patients whose Hounsfield of liver parenchyma higher than that of spleen. We determined the percentage of urolithiasis (patients having radiopaque stones in the urinary tract including kidneys, ureters or urinary bladder) in both groups and calculated their significance of relation. Results: The non-alcoholic fatty liver group involved 112 cases of which 67 (59.8%) male, 45 (40.2%) female and control of non-fatty liver group involved 172 cases; of which, 89 (51.8%) male, 83 (48.2%) female. The incidence of stone disease was significantly higher in non-alcoholic fatty liver (36.6%) than control group (12.2%) which statistically significant with increasing detection rate of renal stone (OR: 4.1, 95% CI, 2.28-7.54). The correlation was still significant when evaluated among males and females separately. Though the prevalence of stone among males (25.6%) is higher than females (17.2), yet it was not statistically significant. This is also true among males (41.8% stone) and females (28.9% stone) in case subjects. Conclusion: Non-alcoholic fatty liver has an association with significant increase in prevalence of urolithiasis than those without non-alcoholic fatty liver, that is can be considered an independent risk factor variable for renal stone formation.
Seroepidemiological survey of brucellosis and isolation of Brucella suis from swine herds of Meghalaya, North-East India
Authors: SHAKUNTALA INGUDAM , GHATAK SANDEEP , DAS SAMIR , MILTON AROCKIASAMYARUN PRINCE , SANJUKTA RAJKUMARI , PURO KEKUNGU-U , DUTTA ANIRBAN , KAKOTY KOUSHIK , KARAM AMARJIT , LALHRUAIPUII LALHRUAIPUII , SEN ARNAB
Published: December 2022

Brucellosis is a well-known and wide spread zoonotic disease. It is endemic in several parts of Asia, including India. In this study, seroprevalence of porcine brucellosis was studied among apparently healthy pigs in Meghalaya where pig keeping plays a significant function in socio-economic development. Serum samples (3,597) from pigs were screened using Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and indirect ELISA. Isolation of Brucella was attempted in clinical samples. A total of 13 (0.36%) were positive by RBPT and 72(2%) by Indirect ELISA. Brucella suis isolate was recovered from placenta of an aborted pig. Risk factors involved in the transmission of brucellosis amongst swine herd were studied. It was observed that age (OR=0.590; P=0.04) and sex (OR=0.557; P=0.04) were significant intrinsic risk factors for transmission of porcine brucellosis. Although the seroprevalence is low, isolation of B. suis from an aborted pig indicated that disease is actively circulating among swine herds of Meghalaya.
Direct and maternal effects models for variance components and genetic parameters estimation of growth traits in prolific Garole sheep
Authors: PRAKASH VED , PRINCE L L L , GOWANE G R , SHARMA R C , KUMAR ARUN
Published: December 2022

The objective of the study was to identify the mostsuitable model for estimation of (co) variance components and genetic parameters of different growth traits in prolific Garole sheep. Growth data of 1,058 Garole lambs born to 49 sires and 208 ewe was collected from ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute (ICAR-CSWRI), Avikanagar, India. The traits studied were birth weight (BWT), 3 month weight (3WT), 6 month weight (6WT), 9 month weight (9WT), 12 month weight (12 WT), average daily gain from birth to 3 month age (ADG1), average daily gain from 3 month to 6 month age (ADG2). Twelve different animal models were fitted to account for different direct genetic and maternal effects. Model including maternal permanent environmental effect, maternal temporary environmental effect and direct genetic effects (Model 8) was most appropriate model for BWT. For other traits model with direct genetic effect and common litter effect (Model 7) was found most suitable. From best model direct heritability estimates of 0.037±0.054, 0.148±0.075, 0.104±0.077, 0.079±0.083, 0.103±0.116, 0.137±0.072 and 0.045±0.071 were obtained for BWT, 3WT, 6WT, 9WT, 12WT, ADG1and ADG2, respectively. Maternal temporary environmental effect variance contributed highest to total phenotypic variance. It ranged from 0.347±0.040 for BWT to 0.451±0.083 for 9WT. Estimates of direct genetic correlation ranged from –0.047 for BWT-ADG1 to 1.00 for BWT-12WT, 6WT-12WT and 9WT-12WT. Phenotypic correlations were positive and varied from 0.119 for ADG1-ADG2 to 0.982 for 3WT-ADG1. The growth traits of Garole sheep have low to moderate heritability and were influenced by maternal temporary environmental effect due to sharing of common litter environment.
Effect of drought on livestock enterprise: Evidence from Rajasthan
Authors: KANWAL VINITA , SIROHI SMITA , CHAND PREM
Published: December 2022

Livestock act as a cushion against vagaries of nature and augment income of the farmers, particularly in drought prone Rajasthan. However, to what extent it withheld the adverse climatic situation has been a less probed area at least at macro-level. This paper studies the impact of drought on milk and meat enterprises in the drought prone state of Rajasthan using district level secondary data for the period of 1983/84 to 2015/16. Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was used to determine drought years. Results indicated that although the sector has been able to absorb the minor shocks of droughts, the major droughts affect the livestock adversely. The drought prone districts of western Rajasthan were found to be much prepared for drought than the southern and south eastern districts. Study recommends that the strategies followed by western districts such as stock of fodder, fodder bank, perennial grasses, etc. should be promoted in rest of the areas of the state for sustainable livestock production.
Genetic analysis of first lactation test day traits in Sahiwal cattle
Authors: RATWAN POONAM , CHAKRAVARTY A K , KUMAR MANOJ , SHARMA NISHA , JOSHI POOJA
Published: December 2022

Records on first lactation test day traits pertaining to Sahiwal cattle maintained at ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute over a period of 29 years (1988-2016) were utilized in this study. Test day traits, viz. test day milk yields (TDMY), test day fat yields (TDFY) and test day solid not fat yields (TDSNFY) were recorded at monthly intervals and a total of 11 test days were included up to 305 days lactation. Effect of different genetic and non-genetic factors on test day traits was assessed using least-squares mixed model. Random effect of sire and fixed effect of period of calving as well as season of calving had significant effect on different test day traits, however, age group at first calving had no significant effect in the present study. Paternal half-sib correlation method was used to estimate the heritability of different test day traits. Heritability estimates as observed for different test day traits varied from low to high. Heritability for test day milk yields, test day fat yields and test day SNF yields ranged from 0.06 (TDMY8) to 0.40(TDMY2), 0.09 (TDFY11) to 0.62 (TDFY10) and 0.06 (TDSNFY5) to 0.44 (TDSNFY2), respectively. Highest heritability of test day milk yield and test day solid not fat yield in second test day suggested that this test day could be used as early selection criteria for these two traits.
Impact of nutrient management practices and plant growth regulators on growth, productivity and profitability of wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Authors: KUMAR SUDESH , SHARMA P K , YADAV M R , SEXENA RANI , GUPTA K C , GARG N K , YADAV H L
Published: December 2022

This study was conducted during winter season of 2016-17 and 2017-18 at Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Durgapura, Jaipur to evaluate the effect of nutrient management and growth retardants on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Results revealed that the application of 150% RDF+FYM led to higher plant height and dry matter accumulation of wheat at all the growth stages (60 days after sowing (DAS), 90 DAS and at harvest) except at 30 DAS (where it was maximum with 150% RDF). The combined application of Chlormequat Chloride (CCC)+Tebuconazole reduced the plant height of wheat by 4.62, 2.25 and 2.86% (60 DAS), 7.07, 2.24 and 3.05% (90 DAS) and 7.35, 2.76 and 4.11% (at harvest) over water spray, CCC and Tebuconazole alone, respectively. The significantly maximum number of effective tillers (423.42 m-2), spike length (10.66 cm) and test weight (40.32 g) were registered with application of 150% RDF+FYM. The combined spray of CCC+Tebuconazole enhanced the test weight by 7.71%, 2.63 and 2.84% over water spray, CCC and Tebuconazole, respectively. The significantly maximum grain, straw and biomass yield of wheat were recorded with 150% RDF+FYM which were 50.87, 50.31 and 50.56% and 12.26, 15.92% and 14.27% higher over control and 100% RDF, respectively. The grain, straw and biomass yields of wheat due to different growth retardant treatments were found statistically at par. The application of 150% RDF+ FYM increased the gross return by 50.74, 13.10 and 3.83% and mean net returns by 60.56, 12.96 and 3.13% over control, 100% RDF and 150% RDF, respectively. Among growth regulators highest net returns (` 68016) and B:C ratio (1.98) were recorded with combined application of CCC+Tebuconazole. It is concluded that integrated nutrient management using 150% RDF+FYM and combined application of CCC+Tebuconazole can be advocated as sustainable strategy for enhancing productivity and profitability of wheat.
Phenotyping for stem reserve mobilization efficiency under heat, drought and combined stress along with defoliation in wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Authors: S GURUMURTHY , ARORA AJAY , SARKAR BASUDEB , HARIKRISHNA HARIKRISHNA , SINGH V P , YADAV RAJBIR , CHINNUSAMY V
Published: December 2022

The present study was conducted to determine genotypic variations for stem reserve mobilization efficiency in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under drought, heat and combined stresses along with defoliation. Genotypes (43) were evaluated under 4 field conditions namely, timely sown irrigated (control), timely sown rainfed (drought), delayed sown irrigated (heat) and delayed sown rainfed (combined heat and drought) by cutting off all leaf blades (defoliation) at 12 days after anthesis. The traits recorded were stem reserve mobilization efficiency (SRE), harvest index (HI), grain weight (GW) and specific weight (Sp. wt). In timely sown and delayed sown environment condition the average maximum temperature was 24.7Â°C and 30.4Â°C during flowering to maturity stage respectively. The average soil moisture under control, drought, heat and combined stress was 14.46, 6.68, 16.87 and 7.78% respectively. SRE was found significantly higher under drought stress followed by combined stress, control and heat stress. The correlation analysis revealed Sp.wt at 12 DAA was highly positively correlated with the GW. The trait SRE was highly positively correlated with HI. Combined analysis for all stresses showed that HD 4728, Duram 1, Chiriya 3, HD 2851, HD 2329, DBW 43 had highest and Hindi 62, WL 711, GCP 23, HD 2967, GCP 2, Kalyansona had lowest SRE. Genotypes were also grouped into different clusters based on their SRE. The genotypes with higher SRE can be used in breeding programmes or directly used as cultivars under drought, heat and combined stress conditions.
To flerspråklige elevers utøvelse av aktørskap i fagsamtaler i naturfag
Authors: Book Pauline
Published: December 2022

Studien undersøker hvordan to flerspråklige elever på mellomtrinnet utøver aktørskap i elevtekster og fagsamtaler i naturfag. Begge elevene har bakgrunn fra innvandrerfamilier der det snakkes henholdsvis burmesisk og arabisk. Elevene lærer norsk som sitt andrespråk. Den ene eleven er født i Norge, mens den andre har gått to år i norsk skole. I ordinære naturfagklasserom har flerspråklige elever som er i prosess med å lære norsk, ulike måter å delta på, og mulighet til å utøve aktørskap har vist seg betydningsfullt for hvordan de involverer seg i faglige interaksjoner. Denne studien undersøker to forskerinitierte aktiviteter som har til hensikt å gi innblikk i hvordan de to fokuselevene som er i prosess med å lære undervisningsspråket norsk, tar i bruk språk- og hverdagserfaringer for å kunne opptre som betydningsfulle bidragsytere i fagfellesskap. I den første aktiviteten fikk hele klassen i oppdrag å uttrykke seg skriftlig om et faglig definert tema. De ble oppfordret til å ta i bruk hverdagserfaringer og opplevelser, og valgte selv om de ville skrive, tegne, lage figurer eller uttrykke seg ved en kombinasjon av flere uttrykksformer. Disse elevproduktene betegnes som identitetstekster. Deretter deltok de to fokuselevene hver for seg i til sammen fire fagsamtaler med en medelev og forskeren, der samtalen tok utgangspunkt i identitetstekstene. Begge aktivitetene fant sted ved oppstart og avslutning av utforskende undervisningsopplegg om lyd og økologi. Elevenes utøvelse av aktørskap ble analysert ved å kategorisere initiativ gjennom turtaking i fagsamtalene i kombinasjon med en etnografisk-inspirert tolkning av identitetstekster og elevenes involvering i samtalen om fagstoffet. Forskningsspørsmålet som blir undersøkt, er: Hvordan utøver to flerspråklige elever aktørskap i fagsamtaler om identitetstekster i naturfag? Funnene indikerer at en åpen inngang til fagstoffet legger til rette for at de to elevene tar i bruk ressurser i form av språk og opplevelser. Identitetstekstene bidrar til at elevene kobler erfaringer til fagstoffet. Videre viser studien at taushet ikke er synonymt med passivitet når fokuselevene deltar i faglig interaksjon med medelever. Funnene illustrerer at flerspråklige elever som lærer fag og undervisningsspråket norsk parallelt, har behov for en inkluderende undervisningspraksis som legger til rette for at de kan utøve aktørskap i faglige diskusjoner.
The Law of Armed Conflict in the Era of Cyber Technology: Assessing the Legal Challenges and Response in Tanzania
Authors:   University of Da es Salaam, Protas Petro , Chimanda Joseph Leornard ,   University of Dodoma
Published: December 2022

The development of cyber technology has brought challenges to various aspects of life. Legal regime regulating the means and methods of warfare stands amongst the most affected regimes due to such advancement. The existing puzzle is on whether there is a need to conclude a new Convention on international humanitarian law to address the challenges of cyber technology or not. While discussing issues relating to this puzzle, this article examines the legal regime in Tanzania and its rapport to the rules of international humanitarian law (IHL) including cyber warfare. The article observes out that, the Tanzanian legal framework insufficiently addresses the challenges of cyber warfare. Apart from relying on the ordinary crimes approach in interpreting and prosecuting IHL breaches, this article concludes that necessary legislative measures need to be taken by Tanzania to fill the gaps brought by cyber technology to the rules of IHL. Keywords: Armed Conflict, Cyber Technology, Cyber Warfare, Law of Armed Conflict, Ordinary Crimes Approach, Tallinn Manual.
International Arbitration on Investment Disputes in Natural Wealth and Resources Sector in Tanzania
Authors:   University of Dar es Salaam School of Law, Gastorn Kennedy
Published: December 2022

This article analyses rules relating to international arbitration in natural wealth and resources sector under the newly enacted Arbitration Act of 2020 of Tanzania. The Act is enacted to facilitate amicable settlement of disputes outside the court system as well as enforceability of arbitration agreements. In a broader framework, the Act responds to the challenges faced by Tanzania in managing and addressing many issues emerging in arbitration cases especially investor-state arbitration. Such reforms are not uniquely Tanzanian but form part of the larger emerging reforms in investment regime in key strategic economic sectors in most of the developing world. This is reflected within the ongoing UN Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) working group on reforming the investor-state dispute settlement system. Under the new law, all disputes involving natural resources can only be arbitrated in Tanzania, as a seat of arbitration, whether under the auspices of the bodies established in Tanzania or otherwise. Likewise, all disputes arising from extraction, exploitation or acquisition and use of natural wealth and resources can only be adjudicated in accordance with the laws of Tanzania. To this end, the Act complements similar relevant provisions under the Natural Wealth and Resources (Permanent Sovereignty) Act and the Natural Wealth and the Resources Contracts (Review and ReNegotiation of Unconscionable Terms) Act of 2017. The Arbitration Act 2020 is aimed at creating a viable regime which will encourage alternative dispute resolution and establish a conducive framework for the enforcement of arbitral award. This paper analyses the Arbitration Act 2020 whether it complies with the best international practices in arbitration regime. It also argues that limiting seat of arbitration and the governing law of international arbitrations on disputes in natural wealth and resources sector are significant reforms to the existing investments landscape in the sector in Tanzania. They form a part of the larger picture of emerging reforms in investment regime in key strategic economic sectors in most of the developing world. As a capital importing state, Tanzania, like other developing nations, seek to avoid the perceived frustrations of international arbitrations to obtain a fair deal on investment agreements on her natural resources through an effective arbitration regime and foreign investments. Indeed, these reforms are likely going to bring back many Tanzanian cases from abroad to Tanzania as a safe seat of arbitration. Keywords: International arbitration, seat of arbitration, governing laws, natural wealth and resources sector, Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs).
Domestic Prosecution of International Crimes in Tanzania: The State of the Law
Authors:   University of Dar es Salaam School of Law, Kahimba Nicksoni Filbert , Ngaiza Cecilia Edward ,   University of Dar es Salaam School of Law, Mabula Boaz John ,   University of Dar es Salaam school of Law
Published: December 2022

This article examines Tanzania’s ability to domestically prosecute international crimes following its ratification of the Rome Statute. The Article also analyses the possibility of relying on the provisions of customary international law to prosecute these crimes in the absence of domestication of the Rome Statute. The article probes into the reasons for the non-domestication of the Statute, highlights the strengths and weaknesses of the current legal framework to prosecute international crimes, and proffers a set of recommendations for the identified legal flaws. It finds that although Tanzania is a State Party to the Rome Statute, it has not yet domesticated the Statute. Despite the absence of a direct legal obligation to domesticate or nationally incorporate the provisions of the Rome Statute, the articles states that it is fundamental that Tanzania indicates its ability and willingness to prosecute international crimes within its domestic legal framework. While there are two approaches to prosecuting crimes of the Statute at the national level, this article has discussed the effectiveness of Tanzania’s legal framework to prosecute those crimes through the ordinary crimes approach. It contends that while some of the core crimes can be prosecuted domestically and through customary international law, the current domestic legal framework in Tanzania is incapable of prosecuting the Statute’s core crimes effectively in the absence of domestication or adoption of serious legal amendments in the relevant domestic legislation. Keywords: Customary International Law - International Crimes - International Crimes Approach - Ordinary Crimes Approach - Penal Code - Rome Statute
Türkiye’deki Kadınların Meme Kanseri Tarama Yöntemlerine Yönelik Farkındalıklarının İncelenmesi
Authors: CEYHAN Büşra , ATAKIR Kadir , ÖZEVCİ Gülçin
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’deki kadınların meme kanseri tarama yöntemlerine yönelik farkındalıklarının belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir (N= 167). Bu doğrultuda araştırmacılar tarafından literatür taraması eşliğinde oluşturulan 28 soruluk “Meme kanseri tarama yöntemlerine yönelik tutum belirleme anketi” kullanılmış ve katılımcılara çevrimiçi ortamda iletilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikî yöntemlerden yüzde (%) ve frekanstan (n) yararlanılarak SPSS 26 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre çoğunluğunu 20-25 yaş arası kadınların oluşturduğu örneklem grubunda katılımcıların “kendi kendine meme muayenesi yapma (KKMM)” oranları, “klinik meme muayenesi (KMM)” yaptırma ve “mamografi” çektirme oranlarına göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Araştırmanın öne çıkan bulgularından bir diğeri ise kadınların hangi tarama yöntemini hangi yaş aralığında ve ne sıklıkta yapması gerektiğini bilmeyen önemli bir kesimin bulunmasıdır. Özellikle KKMM yapılması farkındalığının sosyal medya aracılığıyla sağlanabildiği ve kolay yapılabilirliği nedeniyle de kadınlar tarafından daha yüksek oranda gerçekleştirildiği düşünülmektedir. Dolayısı ile medya mecralarında da “meme kanseri tarama yöntemleri”ne yönelik bilgilendirici faaliyetlerin sıklıkla oluşturulması ve paylaşılması farkındalık geliştirmek açısından yarar sağlayacağını düşündürmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra özellikle genç yaş grubundan itibaren eğitim kurumları da dahil olmak üzere gerekli bilgilendirme faaliyetlerinin düzenlenmesi önerilmektedir. Ek olarak 40 yaş üstü kadınların mamografi çektirmesinin önemine dair sağlık kurumlarınca bilgilendirme çalışmalarının önemle devam ettirilmesi, bu bilgilendirmelerin de sıklıkla tekrar edilmesi sağlanmalıdır.
Credit Risk Modelling for Assessing Creditworthiness for Homeowners Who Can Avail Solar on Finance at Peacock Solar, Gurugram
Authors: Chimote Niraj Kishore , Srivastava Aaditya Anil
Published: December 2022

Peacock Solar is a household solar installation company based in Gurugram, Haryana. It provides hassle free installation of solar power. In an era of rising demand for renewable energy, solar power is seen as a future of energy. The markets are becoming more competitive as better technologies increase the efficiency and lower the cost of solar power. In India, solar power is in its nascent stage of development and being price sensitive markets, cost remains the bottom line of competition. The present study is an attempt to showcase the strategy adopted by Peacock solar to enhance its sales by making solar available on finance.” The objective of this research paper is come up with a model that anticipates the probability associated with default for homeowner who avails solar on finance. The next objective is to develop a scorecard that represents this probability of default in form of credit score for enhanced understanding and decision making. By making solar available on finance, the company aims to overcome its price related hindrances. The methodology used for development of credit risk model is Logistic Regression as it is one of the best techniques for predicting a binary outcome (will default or will not default). This is followed by a technique for scorecard development. It can then be concluded that credit risk can be reduced to a considerable extent if correct analytical methodologies are put in place which will bring down the default rates on credit.
Income Inequality and Consumption Pattern Among BOP Consumers in India
Authors: Sennimalai Sarath , Sivakumar S. D.
Published: December 2022

Marketing discipline has evolved through the context of the industrialized or developed world. However, the largest groups of consumers are also the poorest (Bottom of the Pyramid category) and economic inequality is still persisting among BOP consumers. Using the Gini co-efficient, economic inequality was measured with the help of World Bank report. The main aim of this paper is to know about the trends that took place in income inequality and consumption pattern among BOP consumers based on household surveys (from NSSO and World Bank). It shows that income inequality among BOP consumers has been increasing simultaneously with increase in consumption pattern among BOP consumers because income growth would leads to truly middle-class led one with growing of consumer spending from $1.5 trillion to $6 trillion by 2030. Further, income growth lifts 25 million households from poverty and in 2030 among that fewer than 5 per cent of households will be in below poverty.
Choice That’s Rational
Authors: CHATTERJEE Sidharta
Published: December 2022

In this paper, it is about the axiomatic basis of rational choice theory - the theory that is behind making rational choice and decisions. To make rational choices, we would require thinking rationally and understanding the reason and logic behind what makes a choice rational, and how we need to choose rationally. Decisions are made under various circumstances, i.e., under risk, and often under compulsion. In social choice theory, decisions are made by different types of decision making entities, i.e., committees, groups, individuals and collective judgments by various types of organizations, etc. This paper highlights these issues and addresses the fundamental tenets of making rational choices by examining and following the previous workings of experts on this field. As such, it introduces a novel concept and the idea of Social Choice Rationality in choosing what’s rational.© 2022 The Author(s). Published by RITHA Publishing. This article is distributed under the terms of the license CC-BY 4.0., which permits any further distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Justiça Eleitoral e (des)igualdade de gênero : uma análise feminista do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral brasileiro
Authors: Silva Salete
Published: December 2022

Apresenta reflexões analítico-críticas sobre a Justiça Eleitoral brasileira, focando, especialmente, no Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE). Trata-se de uma contribuição ao debate em torno da (des)igualdade de gênero no Poder Judiciário e da luta pela reparação de injustiças históricas, observando, a partir de lentes feministas, o lugar das mulheres na composição do referido Tribunal, o tratamento dado às questões de gênero em suas normativas internas e em suas campanhas, cursos, eventos e publicações com vistas à ampliação da participação feminina e à concretização da justiça de gênero no âmbito do TSE. Os resultados apontam que importantes iniciativas têm sido adotadas no sentido de incluir as agendas de gênero, com ênfase nos direitos das mulheres, nas práticas e discursos desta Justiça Especializada, porém, apesar dos importantes e tímidos avanços, ainda existem inúmeras e lamentáveis permanências, especialmente no que tange à prevalência masculina na ocupação dos cargos de ministros, na direção da Escola Judiciária Eleitoral (EJE) e na adoção de linguagem androcêntrica não somente nos comunicados oficiais, mas nos materiais de (in)formação e divulgação científica, sem olvidar dos riscos de uso retórico e meramente instrumental das temáticas em apreço. Por fim, algumas considerações e sugestões são apresentadas, visando incrementar as discussões sobre o tema, mas sem qualquer pretensão de oferecimento de receitas e/ou de esgotamento do debate.
Suas definições foram atualizadas! A transformação da pergunta sobre o impacto digital nas eleições para : como as eleições impactam a internet?
Authors: Rais Diogo , Lopes Alinne
Published: December 2022

A relação entre a internet e as eleições têm se mostrado um dos maiores desafios no Direito Eleitoral e na execução dos pleitos. Muitas facilidades foram criadas, mas com elas também foram ampliados os indesejáveis efeitos colaterais. Há anos a pergunta que tem sido feita é a busca de uma métrica para quantificar o impacto digital nas eleições, porém, acumulada a experiência nos últimos dez anos, talvez seja a hora de inverter esta pergunta, afinal, como as eleições impactam a internet? Na busca dessa resposta, traçamos o caminho que conduz o texto ora apresentado analisando as mudanças mais relevantes dentro da legislação eleitoral no que diz respeito às novas demandas criadas pelos avanços tecnológicos e os esforços da Justiça Eleitoral em suprir essas lacunas. Foi feita, ainda, um compilado dos temas de maior impacto para o ambiente digital, trazendo as sugestões enviadas ao Tribunal Superior Eleitoral pelo Laboratório de Direito e Democracia da Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, concluindo que o meio digital deve ser encarado de forma diferente do ambiente analógico e que, para que a Justiça esteja pronta para lidar com a nova realidade, será necessário que entendam que nem toda ferramenta analógica é funcional nesse novo mundo, dinâmico e em constante mutação.
Democracia, eleições e propaganda eleitoral : apontamentos para promoção de diversidade e acessibilidade na legislação eleitoral brasileira
Authors: Santos Reinaldo , Dezinho Mariana , Espínola Angelita , Andrade Rogério
Published: December 2022

Reflete sobre alteração (revisão, atualização e avanço) na legislação eleitoral brasileira, especialmente na Lei nº 9.504/1997, e, especificamente, sobre diversidade étnico-racial e acessibilidade na propaganda eleitoral. Apresenta apontamentos resultantes de estudos, debates e propostas em torno de dois subtemas do Eixo Propaganda Eleitoral, desenvolvidos em grupos de trabalho da segunda fase da Sistematização das Normas Eleitorais, organizado pelo Tribunal Superior Eleitoral, nos anos de 2020 e 2021. O objetivo foi elaborar sugestões que possam contribuir para sistematização, alteração e atualização das normas eleitorais, em processos de debate em curso no Judiciário e no Legislativo brasileiros, sobretudo para as eleições de 2022. Os principais aspectos abordados foram: a importância do debate e da propaganda para as eleições e a democracia; as desigualdades no acesso e acessibilidade à propaganda eleitoral; as propostas de alteração da legislação sobre propaganda eleitoral opostas com potencial de contribuir para acessibilidade e diminuição das desigualdades nas eleições e, consequentemente, na cidadania e na democracia.
Por uma revisão do regime de inelegibilidades do direito brasileiro
Authors: Bastos Luiz
Published: December 2022

O regime de inelegibilidades brasileiro padece de dois vícios que restringem demasiada e desproporcionalmente o exercício do direito de ser votado dos cidadãos brasileiros: a existência de um complexo sistema de desincompatibilizações de funções públicas, que tem gerado um sem-número de indeferimentos de registros de candidatura, e a adoção de um regime de restrições ao exercício de direito de candidatura sem precedentes nas democracias ocidentais, muitíssimo agravado pela Lei Complementar nº 135/2010. O presente artigo pretende analisar ambas as situações a partir da adoção da seguinte metodologia de trabalho: (a) identifcação das premissas teórico-normativas; (b) diagnóstico sobre os problemas centrais detectados em razão do problema em análise; e (c) conjunto de proposições para o equacionamento das questões suscitadas.
Post-mortem Bacteriological Examination on the Heart Blood of Aborted Fetuses in a Major Teaching Hospital, Shiraz, Iran, 2016 - 2017
Authors: Omidifar Navid , Rafati Zomorodi Abolfazl , Hadadi Mahtab , Hosseini Nima , Motamedifar Mohammad
Published: December 2022

Background: Fetal abortion is one of the critical and controversial issues in most societies’ scientific, social, and academic ceremonies due to known and unknown reasons. Furthermore, updating our knowledge about isolated bacteria, their antibiotic resistance pattern, and related factors is essential for designing and implementing appropriate interventions. Objectives: The current study was conducted to determine the prevalence of bacteria among fetal abortion cases and demonstrate the antimicrobial susceptibility among isolated bacteria. Methods: For this, 153 blood samples were collected percutaneously from the heart blood of aborted fetuses 1 - 15 hours after birth; subsequently, the identification of bacteria and evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed. Results: Generally, 82 out of 153 test cultures were positive, comprising 66 and 26 Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, respectively. The most isolated bacteria among Gram-negative isolates were Acinetobacter spp. (34/82) and Escherichia coli (17/82). Likewise, the highest antibiotic resistance was detected for Acinetobacter spp. against cefixime, amikacin, gentamycin, and ciprofloxacin (24/34). On the other hand, Staphylococcus spp. was the predominant Gram-positive cocci (10/82). Also, the highest resistance for Staphylococcus spp. was against cefoxitin and ciprofloxacin (100%). Conclusions: It seems more focus on following the general hygiene of pregnant mothers is essential. However, further evidence of a clinical correlation between aborted fetuses and their mothers is required.
Evaluasi Kinerja Operasional Terminal Cigasong Tipe C Kabupaten Majalengka Ditinjau Dari Penumpang Angkutan Umum
Authors: Hadi Nugraha Irfan
Published: December 2022

Terminal merupakan prasarana transportasi yang berfungsi simpul dari sistem jaringan angkutan jalan yang berfungsi sebagai tempat naik turu penumpang. Permasalahan yang terjadi di Terminal Cigasong adalah bayank penumpang angkutan umum yang menggunakan terminal sebagai prasarana transportasi. Dalam penelitian ini membahas tentang evaluasi kinerja dan pelayanan terminal terhadap penumpang angkutan umum dengan metode analisis yang digunakan dengan cara Importance Performance Analisis (IPA) dan data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang didapatkan dari hasil suvei dengan cara penyebaran kuesioner kepada responden. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan penilaian tentang kualitas pelayanan dan kepuasan pelanggan dengan variabel berwujud, kinerja, kenyamanan, kemudahan dan waktu terhadap terminal bahwa rata-rata kualitas pelayanan kurang baik dengan rata-rata tingkat harapan diperlukan untuk variabel yang telah ditentukan.
Edukasi Upaya Pencegahan Bullying Terhadap Anak Di Lingkungan Sekolah Desa Sei Rotan
Authors: Ewisi Harahap Khalijah , Adi Salamat Siregar Padian
Published: December 2022

Kuliah Kerja Nyata menjadi salah satu program wajib pada Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara dengan menentukan tema yang dapat dijadikan program kerja pada suatu lingkungan masyarakat dan berdedikasi bersama dengan warga dengan jangka waktu tertentu. Pada kesempatan ini program kuliah kerja nyata yang dilakukan dilaksanakan di Dusun XIII dan X Desa Sei Rotan dengan tema Pendidikan. Tingkat kepedulian terhadap perilaku bullying yang masih minim dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat terutama di lingkungan sekolah pada Yayasan Pendidikan Madinatusalam dan SDN No.105288 Desa Sei Rotan memacu penulis untuk mengedukasi betapa pentingnya pencegahan perilaku bullying pada pelajar di lingkungan sekolah. Program kerja yang menjadi kegiatan inti dalam pelaksanaan kuliah kerja nyata ini ialah melakukan sosialisasi terkait upaya pencegahan perilaku bullying pada pelajar di lingkungan sekolah, kegiatan ini dilaksanakan selama 10 hari disertai dengan kegiatan pendukung lainnya yang meliputi kegiatan gotong royong, membantu masyarakat untuk membersihkan tempat sampah, dan masih banyak lagi. Berdasarkan kegiatan yang dilakukan selama program kuliah kerja nyata berlangsung, Hal tersebut berdampak pada pola pikir siswa Yayasan Pendidikan Madinatusalam dan SDN No.105288 Sei Rotan.
Sejarah Kesenian Melayu Tari Gobuk di Desa Nagur Serdang Bedagai
Authors: Nurwandari Artha
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahu tentang sejarah kesenian melayu tari gobuk di Desa Nagur Serdang Bedagai, penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, dimana penulis bekerja mengolah data yang dianggap penting dan sesuai dengan desain penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan sumber data primer berupa informan dan sumber data sekunder yakni data tidak langsung yang berupa arsip-arsip dan lainnya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kesenian melayu tari gobuk di Desa Nagur Serdang Berdagai terdapat beberapa hambatan dalam pelestariannya, yaitu mulai terkontaminasinya dengan budaya barat yang condong diikuti oleh kebanyakan pemuda, dengan demikian diperlukan peran langsung masyarakat dan pemerintah setempat dalam membudidayakan tari gobuk di Desa Nagur Serdang Bedagai.
Pengaruh Aset Perusahaan dan Legitimasi Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan dengan Digitalisasi Sebagai Variabel Moderasi Pada Lembaga Perbankan di Indonesia
Authors: Supriatin Nuroh , Aulia Darlin
Published: December 2022

Perkembangan digitalisasi di era sekarang sangat berdampak pada kehidupan manusia bahkan sektor industri tanpa terkecuali perbankan. Penerapan digitalisasi pada sektor perbankan dapat memperkuat peningkatan aset perusahaan dan legitimasi organisasi yang berdampak peningkatan kinerja keuangan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif menggunakan data sekunder. Dengan data yang diambil berupa laporan tahunan yang diperoleh website resmi Bursa Efek Indonesia dari tahun 2016-2020. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan hubungan negatif dan signifikan aset perusahaan terhadap kinerja keuangan diukur ROA, hubungan negatif dan signifikan aset perusahaan terhadap kinerja keuangan diukur CAR dan hubungan negatif dan tidak signifikan aset perusahaan terhadap kinerja keuangan diukur BOPO. Hubungan positif dan tidak signifikan legitimasi organisasi terhadap kinerja keuangan diukur ROA, hubungan negatif dan tidak signifikan legitimasi organisasi terhadap kinerja keuangan diukur CAR, dan hubungan negatif dan signifikan legitimasi organisasi terhadap kinerja keuangan diukur BOPO. Sedangkan, hasil menunjukkan bahwa digitalisasi bukan variabel moderasi yang tidak bisa memperkuat atau memperlemah pengaruh aset perusahaan maupun legitimasi organisasi terhadap kinerja keuangan perbankan.
Literature Is Important To Understand Learning Nutritional Levels To Increase Kindergarten School Children's Thinking Power
Authors: Sari Rahmadani Fauza , Bayu Dani Nandiyanto Asep
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to find out how much nutrition is owned by children in TK NURUL ATHFAL school, the method used is learning using powerpoint media in the form of pictures. Teaching students are required to listen, dare to ask and answer questions that have been given to the teacher, and conduct joint discussions. Parents were given a pretest via Google from before the learning activity started and a posttest after the learning activity. The understanding and success of the student learning process that filled out the parents of the students with 20 pretest and posttest questions. The learning was carried out by 30 students at the NURUL ATHFAL Kindergarten school in the city of East Jakarta, Indonesia, this learning process was carried out online using the zoom meeting media. The results of this study showed that students can know healthy food and balanced nutrition. This is evidenced by the increase in the pretest and posttest by 20 questions to parents, some students who have more good nutrition than poor nutrition. this shows that learning is successful because the material that the teacher gives to students can be very understanding and active in learning because it can attract students' interest by using media songs that stimulate student interest, although in the posttest and pretest sections that are filled in by the parents of students there are less This research can provide information that parents already understand nutritional levels to improve the thinking power of school children and parents who fill out the questionnaire will seek to understand nutritional levels in depth and will try to apply them to their children in detail.