bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing Learning Instruments using Tracker in Measuring Students’ Science Process Skills
Authors: Mutammimah  , Jumadi  , Wilujeng Insih , Kuswanto Heru
Published: June 2019

This study aims to determine the characteristics and effectiveness of the use of learning instruments using Student Worksheets (LKS) to measure science process skills of class X high school students by tracker application using guided inquiry learning models. The development procedure using the 4-D model proposed by Thiagarajan, namely define, design, develop and disseminate. The results of the study show that (1) the characteristics of the instrument have a difficulty level in the range of 0.09 to 0.54 with reliability at 0.74; (2) the instrument is said to be feasible in terms of content validity, empirical, and reliability; (3) the results of the measurement of science process skills of students of SMAN 1 Seyegan are in a good category with a percentage of 78.11%, and can be effective instruments to measure the science process skills of students.
Multimedia Learning Modules Development based on Android Assisted in Light Diffraction Concept
Authors: Nursuhud Puji Iman , Oktavia Danis Alif , Kurniawan Mas Aji , Wilujeng Insih , Jumadi  , Kuswanto Heru
Published: June 2019

This paper develops learning tools in the form of lesson implementation plans (RPP), modules, and assessment sheets. RPP has been developed with a model of guided inquiry as a means of learning activities. The modules are developed in the form of Multimedia Learning Modules (MLMs) which can attract the interest and motivation of students. The assessment sheet developed is an assessment of mathematical and verbal abilities. The results of the validation of the products developed show that the criteria are very feasible to be used in learning activities.
Development of Student Worksheet through Deep Questions with Physics Comics to Train High Order Thinking Skill in High School Students in Optical Instrument Lup for Maximum Accommodation Eyes
Authors: Ramadhan Rahmad Hudan , Wilujeng Insih , Jumadi  , Kuswanto Heru
Published: June 2019

Student Worksheet (LKPD) was developed with comic strips and through integrating deep questions in them. Comic strips were taken from the WHY Science Comics series? LIGHT AND SOUND. Comics Strip are written in LKPD to stimulate and provide information and basic concepts of optical devices to students. LKPD through deep questions approach consists of 4 sub-activities, where each activity contains the main sub-questions. In addition, 4 activities in LKPD are arranged systematically through the most basic sub-questions to the high-level sub-questions. In-depth questions integrated in LKPD provide a stimulus for thinking of students so that they practice high-level thinking skills and gain depth in learning. The systematic learning process using LKPD is proven to promote deep learning and can train students’ high-level thinking skills. Physical comics provide basic information about physics concepts and give a good impression to motivate student learning. LKPD is applied to two classes through different discussion models. The result show that student-centered discussion model will be more effective to be applied in learning with LKPD.
Development of Physics Module based on Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning as a Tool to Increase Student Science Process Skills
Authors: Zamista Adelia Alfama , Rahmi H , Juni
Published: June 2019

Based on preliminary research conducted at the beginning of the odd semester of academic year 2017, information about the problems and needs in the Basic Physics lectures in the Industrial Engineering Study Program at STT Dumai is obtained. The problem found is the unavailability of teaching materials that facilitate the development of process skills in students, which supports students to learn independently in constructing their own knowledge in accordance with the nature of science. Hence, this study develops physics modules based on process oriented guided inquiry learning (POGIL) models. This module is developed with the ADDIE development model consisting of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. But this paper only present physics module based on POGIL models that has been developed by analysis, design, development. The results of the development from the three stages of ADDIE are modules which each part is related to the syntax POGIL model, such as 1) formulating the hypothesis, 2) designing the experiment, 3) writing data and analyzing the results of the experiment, 4) applying the concept (related to the problem presented at the beginning of the worksheet) and 5) communicate.
Application of Outdoor Inquiry Learning Model on Cognitive Learning Outcomes of Class XI Senior High School Students
Authors: Dewanti Nurlaila Khurnia , Djumadi  , Wilujeng Insih , Kuswanto Heru
Published: June 2019

This research determines the effectiveness of the use of outdoor inquiry learning model. This research was quasi-experimental research, which uses outdoor inquiry learning model. The research population was students of XI grade in SMAN 1 Sleman 2nd semester, academic year 2016/2017. The sample on the cognitive aspects of learning outcomes is 25 students of MIA 1 class and 29 students of MIA 2. MIA 1 class was the experiment class that gets the application of outdoor inquiry, while MIA 2 class was the control class which uses the conventional learning method. The data were collected by giving a pre-test, then followed by the learning process and observation. After completing the learning process, students were given the post-test. Hypothesis testing method it to analyze for gain value on the pre-test and post-test result. The results showed there was a significant difference between the inquiry learning model and conventional learning model on the achievement of cognitive learning outcomes.
Developing Physics Learning Multimedia to Improve Graphic and Verbal Representation of High School Students
Authors: Fithrathy Al , Ariswan
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this research are; (1) to develop the appropriate physics learning tool used to assist the learning process of learners, and (2) to know the ability of graphical and verbal representation of the learners. This development study refers to the 4D method, which includes: (1) defining, (2) development, (3) planning, and (4) deployment of devices. Learning tools developed include Teaching and learning plan (RPP), test of graphical and verbal representation and multimedia learning. This development product is validated by expert lecturers, physics teachers, and peer reviewer. The subject of empiric test consisted of 100 students. The limited test subjected consisted of 21 students. Field test subjects in the experimental class were as many as 32 students and the control class as many as 31 students. Data collection used interview guides, learning device assessment sheets and learning result test. Data analysis technique using MANOVA with 5% significance rate.
Promoting Science Literacy with Discovery Learning
Authors: Pursitasari Indarini Dwi , Suhardi Eka , Sunarti Teti
Published: June 2019

This study aims to promote science literacy through discovery learning on matter characteristics theme. This study used one group pretest and posttest design. Participants were seventh-grade students of SMP Negeri 13 Bogor. Data were collected by science literacy test, observation sheets, and questionnaires. Data analysis was performed by descriptive and inferential. The results showed that there were increasing science literacy abilities of students with high category and it was significant. The ability of science literacy is highest in identifying aspects of science issues. Therefore, the discovery learning was able to promote science literacy of students.
Students Ability Analysis to Complete the TIMSS Test of Light Content on Eight Class Level of Junior High School
Authors: Yuwono Galih Rinekso , Sunarno Widha , Aminah Nonoh Siti
Published: June 2019

This research aims to identify students’ ability to complete the TIMSS test of light content. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. Data were obtained from 95 students in 3 different classes. The TIMSS test that was given to the student consisted of 5 multiple choices and 2 essay. The results of this research show that the student’s ability are good in completing the TIMSS test of light content with the right answer of multiple choice percentage is higher that the percentage of either wrong answer or not answer. The result of essay also shows the percentage of the appropriate answer, appropriate and complete answer are higher that student’s inappropriate answer, not quite appropriate or not answer
Sains-Religion: Analysis of Learning Needs based on Religious Values in Science Learning
Authors: Suprapmanto Joko , Prasetyo Zuhdan Kun
Published: June 2019

Religious value is an entrenched value as a form of Indonesian local wisdom. This value is integrated as a religious character in the K-13 characters’ development program. With these things learning in accordance with the curriculum everywhere students use confidence in the greatness of God Almighty based on the beauty and regularity of the nature of His creation, but in fact the learning process is indirect. The alternative solution is to develop knowledge that is integrated with religious values. Before building materials that make it possible to conduct research for these initial ingredients. The purpose of this study was to describe the integration of basic knowledge and comfort of science, the application of integrated learning, learning materials available for learning, and the values of religious studies. The type of research is descriptive research method. As the object of the study consisted of teachers, syllabus and teaching materials, and students of grade VI SD / MI. The instrument for collecting data consists of various interview guides, science syllabi and learning material documents. Research data were analyzed with de-scriptive statistics. Merging data can be stated as the results of this study are: 1) Learning has not integrated religious values directly, 2) Religion values are still applied only at the beginning and end of learning.
Learning Effectiveness of Department-based Integrated Science Interpretation
Authors: Saputro Budiyono , Mas’ud M. , Saputra H. , Kuswaya A.
Published: June 2019

Al-Qur’an is a guide and instruction revealed by Allah to humans in living life on earth, including for students of Sciences Department (Tadris IPA) Teacher Traning and Education Faculty (FTIK) IAIN Salatiga. Efforts to understand Al-Qur’an are very relevant in learning process. Tadris IPA students can take a concrete role in understanding the imitation cues in the Al-Qur’an physically based on physical, chemical and biological perspectives. Science motion written in Al-Qur’an are very important sources of knowledge to be explored, researched, and disseminated to the benefit of people. One of the scientific motion is found in QS. Al-Baqarah verse 168. The purpose of this study is to determine the learning effectiveness of department-based integrated scientific interpretation. This is a quantitative research with the "One-Group Pre-test-Post-test" research design. The population is all Tadris IPA students in, the sample is third semester students of class C with total 27 students. The pre-test and post-test data that have been obtained are continued by parametric test (paired t-test). The result of paired t-test = 12.684, p=0.00 < 0.05 with the conclusion that the learning effectiveness of department-based integrated science interpretation is effective in improving the learning outcomes of the science interpretation for Tadris IPA students of IAIN Salatiga students.
School and Teachers’ Role to Empowerment of Environmental Literacy in Prominent Middle School Based on Adiwiyata Program
Authors: Anggraini Widy , Karyanto Puguh , Sarwanto  , Prihantomo
Published: June 2019

Environmental literacy is the most important and fundamental ability that a person must have in dealing with the 21st century. Wise decisions in utilizing the environment to meet the increasingly complex human needs in this century are needed. The Indonesian government has provided early Adiwiyata programs in junior high schools to empower environmental literacy. This study aims 1) to determine the implementation of the Adiwiyata program that runs in SMP N 2 Sragen; 2) to describe and analyze the role of science teachers in empowering environmental literacy of students in SMP N 2 Sragen on the environmental material. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive method. Research subjects were principals, teachers, and student representatives. Data collection is done by observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis used is descriptive analysis through triangulation of data sources. The results of the study show that schools have 3 ways of implementing environmental education including a vision mission that is environmentally sound, participatory activities, management of facilities and infrastructure. The role of the teacher in the learning process is still less than optimal. The learning process that emphasizes on empowering environmental literacy has not been explicitly integrated into the learning materials and materials. The recommendation for this study is that schools need to help teachers to develop learning tools and methods that facilitate students to effectively empower environmental literacy.
Multirater Assessment to Teacher Professionalism based on Pedagogical Content Knowledge
Authors: Maryati
Published: June 2019

The Indonesian Government has performed teacher certification program since the establishment of the Teacher Law No. 14 year 2005 and PCK has been acknowledged as the indicator of science teachers’ professionalism in some countries. Therefore, this research aims to explore teachers’ PCK as a case study to 20 middle school science teachers with different teaching experiences in the special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This research was conducted in PCK planning and enacted PCK by collecting lesson plans, recorded the learning activities in the classroom, and structured interviews. The assessment to all research material was employed by 6 raters using PCK assessment rubric consisting of 12 items that was later analyzed with Many Facet Rasch Model. The analysis result informed that all items had good validity and reliability. This study found that only 15% of participants were classified as good teachers’PCK. In-depth analysis on the difficulty level item concluded that the teacher participant’s PCK ability on the representation and conceptual teaching strategies aspects still needed to be improved.
Towards Standardization of Students’ Teamwork Attitude in the 21st Century through the Application of Generative Model in Science Learning
Authors: Riyanti Henni , Suciati  , Karyanto Puguh
Published: June 2019

This study aimed to find out the effectiveness of generative learning model enactment towards students’ teamwork attitude. This study was a quasi-experimental research which employed a posttest-only non-equivalent control group design. The samples were selected by utilizing a simple random sampling technique. They were comprised of 67 students taken from State Junior High School 3 Surakarta, academic year 2017/2018, with two-class distribution i.e.: 34 students representing the class VIII.9 as the experimental group, and 33 students representing the class VIII.7 as the control group. The students in the experimental group were given a learning treatment applying generative learning model. The data pertinent to students’ teamwork attitude were garnered from an instrument administered in the form of questionnaire consisting of 20 questions that were anchored in the theory proposed by Crebert. The data were analyzed by using t-test. The t calculation result indicated that (t
score > t
table, or, 2.2 >1.99), and the significance level reached 0.048 (p <0.05). As regards the obtained result, a conclusion could be drawn that H
0 was rejected. The result manifested that the learning process enacted by using generative model had a significant impact on students’ teamwork attitude.
STEM-based Science Learning Design in the 2013 Curriculum
Authors: Toto
Published: June 2019

This paper is aimed to discuss about design of STEM-based science learning in junior high school in the 2013 curriculum, and use the model of Project Based Learning (PjBL). STEM is an teaching and learning approach that integrates science, technology, engineering, and mathematics to reach the 21st century skills which is proclaimed in 2013 curriculum. In this paper only discuss one of teaching and learning model that supports and appropriate with the STEM approach namely the Project Based Learning models. Learning strategies for integrating STEM education are identified as project-based, problem-based and inquiry-based learning. Through this learning model the students carry out a project in collaborative ways in yielding a product.
A Review on ICT Literacy in Science Learning
Authors: Lestari Dwi , Prasetyo Zuhdan Kun
Published: June 2019

The framework of 21st-century learning and Kurikulum 2013 encourages integrated learning with information and communication technology (ICT). Fundamental knowledge in ICT utilization (ICT literacy) is an important thing for the student so they can bring themselves better in the digital of learning era. The development of ICT as learning media has been widely carried out but has not specifically measured the level of mastery student’s ICT literacy. This literature study aims to illustrate that ICT literacy assessment can be done through the science learning process in school. The instrument of ICT literacy assessment needs to be continuously developed by raising authentic assessment concept.
Creative Learning Model Toolkit: An Essential Element of Science Learning to Develop Learning Skills in Students
Authors: Hastuti Purwanti Wulandari , Wilujeng Insih , Susilowati
Published: June 2019

This study aims to (1) produce Creative Learning Model Toolkit (CLMT) on science learning which is appropriate to develop learning skills in students, (2) know the students learning skill that can be developed when using CLMT in science learning, (3) know the validity of CLMT that is used to develop students’ learning skills in science learning. The research method uses Research and Development (R&D), by pointing to Four-D model with 4 main phases namely define, design, develop, disseminate. The instruments used in this study were product validation questionnaire, learning skills observation sheet, and test of cognitive knowledge. Result data of validation toolkit and observation sheets were analysed descriptively while N-gain for test of cognitive knowledge. The result showed that: (1) CLMT have been produced by several approach namely Contextual Teaching Learning, Collaborative Learning and Web based Learning; (2) CLMT could develop student’s learning skills for instance critical thinking, social skill, and ICT literacy; (3) CLMT that was developed was considered as very good category both by expert and N-gain. Moreover, based on the analysis CLMT was appropriate to use in science learning process for develop students’ learning skills.
Contextual Teaching and Learning to Develop Critical Thinking and Practical Skills
Authors: Tari Detri Kurnia , Rosana Dadan
Published: June 2019

Challenges in the 21st century demand high-level capability, one of them is critical thinking. On the other hand, 2013 another curriculum called skills. This learning can be realized in practical skills. Capable develop critical thinking and practical skills requires the right learning approach. This requires learning by students to construct their own knowledge, conduct investigations, develop curiosity, learning communities, present models, encourage reflection abilities, and discuss not only cognitive but also skills. Contextual Teaching and Learning is an approach that has a component that requires learning. Research and uncover the ability of CTL in developing critical thinking and practical skills of students. The research method used is the reference study method. The results show that CTL has a component that can encourage the development of critical thinking and practical skills of students.
Effect of ARCS Model on Learning Independence of 21st Elementary School
Authors: Lumbantobing Winda Lidia , Haryanto
Published: June 2019

This research aims to know the effect of using Attention, Relevance, Confidence and Satisfaction (ARCS) model on the learning independence of 21st century elementary school.Theresearch method used was a quasi experiment with control pretest-post test design. The research population is from elementary school district Minggir, Sleman Yogyakarta of the academic year 2017/2018. The research grade V, samples as many as 82 students in three schools. The samples were taken with simple random sampling technique. Technic of data collectionusing questionnaire and data analysis techniques. Independent Sample t-Test. The results showed: (1) act more effective model ARCS used in conventional model are compared to; and (2) there is an interaction between ARCS model to the learning independence character of 21st century with had significant 0.000 less than α (0.05).
The Application of Contextual Teaching and Learning in Natural Science to Improve Student’s HOTS and Self-efficacy
Authors: Haryanto Putri Chandra , Arty Indiyah Sulistyo
Published: June 2019

The development of science and technology effects in education. Now the world of education is becoming increasingly urgent and full of competition in all aspects of life. One of the skills in the field of education that are needed in the 21st century is high order thinking skills and rational thinking skills. Learning that is related to the real life context can provoke students to think high-level. Contextual Teaching and Learning CTL learning is a whole learning process that aims to teach students to understand learning that is related to the real life. This research aims to study of application Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) to improve the student’s HOTS and self-efficacy. This research used a literature review method. Based on the study of literature that has been done can be concluded that contextual teaching and learning is a learning approach that can be applied as an effort to improve high-level thinking skills and self-efficacy of students. Learning is done by linking material with real life contexts, so that students are able to analyze, evaluate, and create. The ability of students to solve problems in life can then improve self-efficacy.
Development of a data acquisition system using LabVIEW and Arduino microcontroller for a centrifugal pump test bench connected in series and parallel
Authors: Quintero D A , Claro H , Regino F , Gómez J A
Published: June 2019

A data acquisition system using LabVIEW software and the Arduino microcontroller for a test bench of centrifugal pumps connected in series and parallel has been developed. The acquisition system allows real-time display of centrifugal pump discharge pressure values, voltage, current and volumetric flow of the test bench. A description of the system operation (front panel and block diagram) as well as the elements (actuators, instruments, controller and software) used in the system is given. From the front panel it became possible to operate the test bench for three modes of operation (Individual, Series and Parallel). Pressure, voltage, current and volumetric flow values were recorded over time and stored in a text file generated by the acquisition system.
Experimental study of pumps in a pipe bench
Authors: Garcia-Guarin J , Gómez JA , Contrearas DA
Published: June 2019

This paper presents an experimental study of radial flow propeller pumps in a pipe bench. For the development of the research, flow and pressure sensors are used in order to determine the fluctuations and the characteristics dynamics fluid of the pump. A control system was used using a Solid-State Relay to vary the speed of the pump and a virtual platform coupled to a data acquisition system to characterize the network. The characteristic curve of the propeller pump was obtained with a value of R2=0.97, in addition the characteristic curves of the hydraulic network for turbulent flow are calculated with the Reynolds number between 13821 and 81521. Finally, the volumetric losses are calculated in the pipe, which equals 10% for a flow of 10 l/min and as the flow increases up to 6 times the value decreases to 2%.
Business architecture: A differentiating element in the growth of organizations
Authors: Gaona Caceres J L , Rosado Gómez A A
Published: June 2019

Companies conceive technology as a way to systematize information and neglect the potential they can have by aligning with their operations to generate a differentiating element that makes them more competitive, being able to respond very quickly to changes and adapt their daily activities to any new reality that threatens its competitive environments. The application of the business architecture allows the technology to be aligned with the organization objectives, improving the agility and performance of its processes, managing the necessary change to adapt to both the environmental and technological changes. This research carried out a literature review on the application of the business architecture, the used frames of reference, the applied tools and the complementary theoretical concepts, based on a type of documentary research, carrying out bibliographic searches in the Association for Computing Machinery, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers databases using primary sources of information; whose purpose is to show how the implementation of Enterprise Architecture generates a differentiating element within organizations. Among the obtained results, it was found that the most frequent application context is private companies, the used frame of reference is The Open Group Architecture Framework, and the modeling tool of greater use is ArchiMate. This is how Business Architecture improves decision making and optimizes processes in organizations.
Numerical modeling of a liquid-gas interface flow in a channel
Authors: Arévalo Silva M , Cárdenas Chinchilla A , Fossi FJ , Garcia-Guarin J
Published: June 2019

Water forms open channels, whether natural or artificial, which are studied in phenomena as in a flood; in order to save the greatest number of important people; important variables are the velocity profile and the pressure. The estimation of these variables is proposed using numerical model which is solved for the separate phases of liquid and gas using the Navier Stokes equation and for the liquid-gas interface the volume of fluid method is proposed, with two elements are estimated in a global way (liquid-gas) as if there were only one component. The equations are solved using the finite volume method. In addition, a mesh analysis is performed according to the channel geometry; the mesh types are hexahedral and tetrahedral with a number of elements respectively of 16791 and 166500. The tests carried out show a wave phenomenon in which the velocity of the flow increases from 0.7 m/s to 2.12 m/s and from 0.05 m to 0.07 m in height. In addition, an oscillatory movement was discovered which generated pressure gradients that varied between 0.2 kPa to 0.5 kPa. Tests are also carried out with other types of channels in which dry zones are observed, which are redesigned to reduce costs.
Smart grid review: Reality in Colombia and expectations
Authors: Garcia-Guarin J , Rivera S , Rodriguez HR
Published: June 2019

Colombia has a hydroelectric power generation capacity of over 60% and thermal generation just above 30%. Smart Grids have as a common objective the reliability of the energy service and the economic growth using Information and Communication Technologies for the generation with minimum contributions of energy supply sources derived from fossil fuels. Therefore, some strategies are proposed for the implementation of components such as renewable energies, controlled loads, energy storage systems, electric vehicles which are managed by an aggregator, besides considering the uncertainty in the Colombian environment that includes climatic conditions, the prediction of user load and market prices. Smart Grids requires flexible management of loads in collaboration with users, it depends on their habits and control of charges (smart households). Energy storage is a tactic to control user loads and generation with non-conventional renewable energy. As energy storage methods are presented adapted to regional conditions.
Analysis of urban vulnerability before natural and anthropogenic hazards: Case study, human settlement Colinas de la provincia, municipality of Ocaña, Colombia
Authors: Angarita Uscategui P N , Gallardo Amaya R J , Oliva Gonzalez A O
Published: June 2019

Urban vulnerability in human settlements located in areas susceptible to landslides is not subject to a danger assessment, since there is no basis to determine the probability of its occurrence in a certain period of time. Most evaluation procedures for the landslide hazard zoning employ a few urban components and subcomponents important or significant to estimate the relative danger. The danger evolution in such areas leads to make the population vulnerable to threats, whether natural or anthropogenic, that jeopardizes its integrity. In this research, an urban vulnerability analysis was carried out using a methodology that established the susceptibility of an urban settlement to be affected by natural and anthropic factors. The latter becomes an input so that the authorities in charge of risk management can establish actions to reduce this vulnerability in a certain way, through plans that contain actions, whether preventive or corrective; in order that these actions eliminate real and potential causes of the presented problem, thus reducing the situation of vulnerability and therefore the risk.
Studying plasma gasification of solid municipal waste
Authors: Anshakov A S , Domarov P V , Perepechko L N , Faleev V A
Published: June 2019

The paper presents the results of mathematical and experimental studies of the process of gasification of municipal solid waste in a plasma electric furnace. The energy consumption for gasification of SMW with the organic and inorganic components of morphological composition was investigated during these studies. The effect of reducing the energy consumption during waste gasification, excluding the inorganic component of SMW was also investigated. The paper presents the results of computational and experimental studies of SMW gasification and reveals the effect of the inorganic part on the energy balance of an electric plasma furnace.
Prospects of Application of FiberOptic Sensors for Studying the Combustion Processes in Two-Phase Flows with High Concentration of Disperse Phase [Review]
Authors: Evseev A R
Published: June 2019

The review is focused on the prospects for using the fiber-optic sensors (FOS) to study the combustion processes and measure the actual parameters (particle velocity and concentration, temperature and its distribution in the object, pressure, deformation, acceleration, displacement, etc.) in two-phase flows and sites of difficult access at high temperatures (800°C and higher).
3D-modelling of Kazakhstan low-grade coal burning in power boilers of thermal power plant with application of plasma gasification and stabilization technologies
Authors: Messerle V E , Askarova A S , Bolegenova S A , Yu Maximov V , Nugymanova A O
Published: June 2019

In this article, a study of the processes of heat and mass transfer in high-temperature and thermochemically activated reacting flows in a real physicochemical system (turbulent flows with physicochemical transformations in combustion chambers) in three-dimensional geometry using numerical methods was carried out. As a result of computational experiments vector distribution full velocity, temperature fields, fields of concentrations of nitrogen oxides NO over the entire volume of the combustion chamber were obtained and a comparative analysis was carried out for the two boilers. The results obtained allow us to conclude that the use of plasma preparation of a pulverized coal torch for combustion has a positive effect on the process of heat and mass transfer and allows minimizing emissions of harmful substances.
Energy-Saving Environmental Projects: approaches to evaluation and results of environmental impact
Authors: Plyaskina Nina
Published: June 2019

Recently, much attention has been paid to reducing environmental damage to the environment throughout the country. Over the past twenty years, Public Joint-Stock Company “Gazprom” has been working on the implementation of environmental projects for the transfer of motor vehicles to alternative motor fuels. The report suggests a toolkit for assessing the impact of energy saving projects on the environment, based on the adaptation of the input-output model for the fuel and energy complex. The model is based on the assumption that the main amount of greenhouse gas emissions is produced by burning fossil fuels. As an indicator for estimation of environmental efficiency of the projects has proposed the coefficient of carbon intensity - the amount of carbon dioxide released per unit of the final product of the industry. This ratio reflects the impact of industries on the environment. The advantage of the input-output model is the opportunity to conduct a comparative analysis of the environmental load of industries on the environment and to determine the multiplicative effect of implementing energy-saving projects.
Kinetic model of ignition and combustion of finely-disperse coal-water fuel
Authors: Shhinnikov P A , Ovchinnikov Ju V , Franceva A A , Bojko E E
Published: June 2019

The article proposes a model of the process of ignition and combustion of fine water-coal fuel (FWCF) in a cyclone primary furnace. The model is intended to form an engineering approach to calculating the composition and quantity of combustion products of the FWCF and the definition of the structural and layout characteristics of the actual cyclone primary furnace. Approximation of process modeling is determined by the following assumptions: the quasistationarity of the processes; the constancy of heat capacities and heat transfer coefficients at an average process temperature; isothermal fuel particles; representation of fuel particles in the form of a water-coal drop of a given size; inertness of ash components; record keeping of the determining chemical reactions of interaction with the oxidizing agent; one-dimensional flow. This approach allows to carry out an analytical analysis of the process and to obtain final expressions suitable for engineering calculations.
Detection of Cordycepin Using Indicator Displacement Assay of Cucurbit [7] Uril and Environmentally Sensitive Fluorescent Dyes
Authors: Dewantari Arinta Agnie , Nakprach Tanapat , Wongkongkatep Jirarut
Published: June 2019

Ophiocordyceps and Cordyceps spp. are some of the most popular Chinese herbs because of their bioactive compounds, for example cordycepin that has many pharmacological functions such as anti-tumor, anti-microbes, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulator. The abundant supply of products in the market has different variations in purity and quality, so the rapid and simple quantitative analysis method to access the quality of Ophiocordyceps and Cordyceps products is urgently required. Indicator displacement assay (IDA) using environmentally sensitive fluorescence (FL) dye can be used for quantitative analysis of the target compound. The concept of this assay is replacing the FL dye in the receptor-dye inclusion complex by the analyte. In this study, screening of host series, such as cucurbits[n]uril (CB[n]) and cyclodextrins as well as the finding of the suitable environmental sensitive FL dyes i.e. esculetin, cascade yellow, nonyl acridine orange (NAO), berberine, and 2-p-toluidinyl naphthalene-6-sulphonate (2,6-TNS) were performed. The FL emission of esculetin, cascade yellow, and NAO either decreased or increased slightly upon addition of all hosts mentioned above. Among FL dyes tested, berberine and 2,6-TNS participated in the inclusion complex with CB7 as suggested by the approximately 500-fold and 4-fold FL increment observed when CB7 was added respectively. Cordycepin showed the highest displacement ability when it was titrated with an inclusion complex of berberine/CB7 and 2,6-TNS/CB7 in pH 4.0. Moreover, in the selectivity assay, cordycepin performed the distinguished displacement ability among the other compounds, suggesting about the high potential for using IDA method as a rapid and simple quality assessment of commercial Ophiocordyceps and Cordyceps product.
Mercury (Hg) Contents Analysis in Sediments at Some River Estuaries in Kayeli Bay Buru Island
Authors: Mariwy Abraham , Male Yusthinus T. , Manuhutu Julita B.
Published: June 2019

Since 2011, a considerable gold deposit was found at several locations on Buru islands, such as Botak Mountain, Gogorea, and Nona Mountain. These attracted thousands of illegal miners who used amalgamation techniques in traditional gold processing. In practicing, the mercury-containing tailings were then stored in a container or directly discharged into the river, potentially polluting the waters of Kayeli Bay as well as all fishery resources in it. This was of course worrisome because mercury (Hg) was a very toxic heavy metal and could poison humans through the food chain. This study was conducted to analyze mercury levels in sediments some river estuaries in the bay Kayeli. The mercury contented the sample was performed using a mercury analyzer. The results showed that mercury in Suket river was 1.62 mg/kg, Wailata river was 8.27 mg/kg, Anahoni river 4.99 mg/kg while Waiapu river was 0.53 mg/kg. These results indicated that sediment at the mouth of several rivers in the Kayeli Bay has been contaminated with mercury, even far beyond the standard set by the US EPA of 0.2 mg/kg.
Biorecovery of chitin from shrimp shell waste (Litopenaeus vanamme) using fermentation and co-fermentation of L.plantarum and B.thuringiensis
Authors: Rosmawati Angelina , Rumhayati Barlah , Srihardyastutie Arie
Published: June 2019

Litopenaeus vanamme shrimp shell waste, which is abundantly available in Indonesia, could be optimally utilized through chitin extraction. The high-temperature chemical process is a fast and simple conventional method for extracting chitin. However, for economical and environmentally friendly process, it need a green extraction method through bacterial fermentation. Therefore in this research, biological process was carried out through Litopenaeus vanamme shrimp shell fermentation using various bacteria, such as Lactobacillus plantarum (A), Bacillus thuringiensis (B), and the combination of both bacteria (C) compared to chemical method (D). The yield of method A, B, C and D were: 80.67±0.43%; 71.25±0.45%; 63.91±1.20%; and 31.46±0.06% respectively. Co-fermentation method (method C) resulting in brighter color, higher deproteination and demineralization degree than single-fermentation methods (method A and B). The deproteination and demineralization degree of method A; B; C; D were: 28.51±0.69%, 17.41±0.89%; 47.71±1.01%, 15.08±0.36%; 50.29±1.14%, 34.33±1.04%; and 85.17±0.10%, 50.13 ± 0.72% respectively. Chitin produced from biological and chemical method had total nitrogen less than 7%. Based on the calculations through FTIR data, chitin from biological method resulted in higher degree of acetylation than chemical method. The higher the degree of acetylation obtained, the less the polymer is degraded which can preserve chitin structure.
Mitigation of Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Crude Palm Oil Industry in Kampar Regency of Riau Province
Authors: Sasmita A. , Lestari W.
Published: June 2019

Riau is one of the provinces that has the most palm oil mill in Indonesia. The palm oil mill activities produce carbon dioxide emissions from it processes. This study aims to calculate carbon dioxide emissions from the palm oil mill and plan it mitigation efforts. This research was conducted at one of the palm oil processing plants in Kampar district, Riau Province. Palm oil mill utilizes biomass in the form of fibers and shells of palm fruit as boiler fuel to generate electricity, in addition from the use of generator sets. The palm oil mill produces liquid waste. In the process of transporting palm fruit from the garden to the factory, it also produces emissions from transportation. The results of this study showed that carbon dioxide emissions from palm oil mill amounted to 709,436.87 ton CO2 eq/year. The mitigation efforts that can be carried out are by catching methane gas produced from the process of treating liquid waste and turning it into electricity. The electricity generated would meet the energy needs of the plant so that it could eliminate the use of boilers and generator set, eventually the carbon dioxide emissions produced from palm oil mill can be reduced by 99.23%.
In Vitro Gas and Methane Production from Fermented Rice Straw using Trichoderma viride and Phanerochaete chrysosporium Inoculant
Authors: Sasongko Wahidin Teguh , Dyah Larasati Tri Retno , Mulyana Nana , Wahyono Teguh
Published: June 2019

Livestock, as part of agriculture sector, has contribute to greenhouse gas (GHG) emission especially on methane (CH4) compounds. Methane emission represent energy losses in form of gas reflecting low feed efficiency. Rice straw is a source commonly used as animal roughage. The quality of rice straw could be improved by fermentation treatment. This study investigated effects of fermentation using Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Trichoderma viride inoculant on in vitro gas and methane emission from rice straw. The rice straw was fermented in three weeks. This experiment consisted of four treatments and three replications being: (1) C (control, fermented rice straw with no inoculant), (2) TV (fermented rice straw using T. viride inoculant), (3) PC (fermented rice straw using P. chrysosporium inoculant), (4) TVPC (fermented rice straw using T. viride and P. chrysosporium inoculant). This research was arranged into a completely randomized block design. Results showed that TVPC treatment produced the lowest lignin content (p<0.05). TVPC treatment also produced the highest glucose compound by 1.70 mg/g (p<0.05). Meanwhile, there was no difference between all treatments in in vitro total gas and optimum gas (a+b) production. However, adding T. viride combination with P. chrysosporium in fermented process could decrease methane gas production (P<0.01). Results demonstrate that adding T. viride and P. chrysosporium inoculant in fermented process could increase the efficiency of rice straw as ruminant’s feed. This was represent in the low methane production and could reduce a part of GHG emission from enteric fermentation.
The Effect of Fitosan Supplementation on Methane Production in Cow’s Rumen Liquid by In Vitro Method
Authors: Sugoro I , Nuryanthi N , Ermadevi D N I , Khoiriyah M , Santoso N A , Mangunwardoyo W , Darwis D
Published: June 2019

Methane is one of greenhouse emission gas causing climatic change and global warming. The biggest source of methane comes from the livestock sector. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of fitosan on methane production by using in vitro method. Before the in vitro test, the antimicrobial test of fitosan was measured by looking at the clear zone of the media containing bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative). In vitro method should be done by adding fitosan (0,15 mL, 0,3 mL, and 0,6 mL/30 mL media) and grass field powder into cow’s rumen liquid. Based on the results, fitosan has an antimicrobial ability to decrease the microbial activities both of Gram-positive or Gram-negative. Testing with the in vitro method showed that fitosan have the potency to reduce methane gas production about 23.34 – 31.85% compared to controls (without fitosan). The best treatment is treatment with the addition of fitosan with concentration of 0.6 mL per 30 mL of rumen fluid.
Effect of Column Length in Batch Vacuum Fractionation on The Distribution of Major Components of Citronella Oil (Cymbopogon winterianus)
Authors: Warsito  , Cahyani Chandrawati , Sukardi  , Cahayo Mafud
Published: June 2019

The aim of this work was to assess the performance of a vacuum fractionation column length for fractions composition of major components of citronella essential oil. This study used column lengths of 1 m and 2 m. The column packing raschig ring-shaped cylinder with height 1.8 cm and diameter 1.5 cm. The column is filled as much as 75% of the length of the column. Fractions from column top, middle and residue were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The major components of citronella oil were citronellal (31.63%), citronellol (17.62%) and geraniol (10.92%). The use of 2 m packaging column length in batch vacuum fractionation distillation produced highest citronella content was (88.43%) on top fraction. The highest citronellol content were (24.48%) and (32.17%) in the middle fractions column for 1 m and 2 m column lengths respectively, while the highest geraniol was 58.26% and 37.76% in the middle and residue fraction for 2 m column length, respectively.
Adsorption of Zinc(II) onto Zn(II)-Ionic Imprinted Polymer
Authors: Wirawan Teguh , Supriyanto Ganden , Soegianto Agoes
Published: June 2019

A new Zn(II)-ionic imprinted polymer via precipitation polymerization using 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ) as a ligand, methacrylic acid (MAA) as functional monomer, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a cross-linker has been prepared. The benzoyl peroxide and ethanol/acetonitrile (2:1) mixture were used as initiator and porogen, respectively. The template Zn(II) ion was removed from the polymer by leaching with a solution of 1 M HNO3. The experimental parameters for adsorption, such as pH of a solution, contact time, and initial zinc concentration, have been optimized. The optimum conditions of zinc adsorption onto the ionic imprinted polymer (IIP) was at pH 5.5 and contact time 15 min. The equilibrium data could be better described by the Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity of IIP was 20.833 mg/g.
Photodetector Characterization Based on DSSC (Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell)
Authors: Maulana Eka , Ayuningtya Dewi Nur , Masruroh
Published: June 2019

A photodetector performance as a light sensor based on the design and material of DSSC (Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell) has been characterized. Oxide Semiconductor nanoparticle of TiO2 and extracted natural dye are used to absorb and convert incident photon to electric energy using a sandwich structure of 1.5 x 1.5 cm2 active area. The sensor materials were used include TCO (Transparent Conductive Oxide) glass as substrate, electrolyte solution and carbon. Method of TiO2 deposition to the TCO glass substrate is spin coating and firing at 1,500 rpm and 450 °C, respectively. Natural dye was extracted from green algae by a different variation of solution concentration according to the ratio of mass and volume. The chlorophyll absorbance was investigated by spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 300-800 nm. SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) is used to observe TiO2-coated TCO glass morphology. Fabricated sensors are characterized according to the electrical parameters of voltage and current towards light illuminance from the light source. This natural dye-based optical photodetector performance has been analysed to obtain linearity, sensitivity, uncertainty error, and other electrical transient response characteristics. The result of extracted chlorophyte absorbance shows a wavelength peak at 580 to 680 nm with different intensity; it indicates the visible light absorbance spectra occurred. Sensor measurement using light illumination up to 30,000 lux produces the highest rated voltage of 626.4 mV and current 78,7 (µA) at the ratio of 6:5 (m:v) solution. This sensor has a voltage sensitivity of 1,0875 mV/10lux and the current sensitivity of 0.0024 µA/lux. The voltage and current uncertainty error are 0.36% and 0.481%, respectively.