bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Decomposition and Decision Simulation System for Carbon Intensity Target Reduction
Authors: Zu Yun Xiao , Huang Sheng Yue , Jia Yue , Li Zhe
Published: August 2013

In terms of the target announced by Chinese government that in 2020 the carbon intensity in China will have a reduction of 40% - 45%, the main factors affected the carbon intensity are analyzed, the computation method of carbon intensity is obtained, and the decomposition and decision simulation system for carbon intensity target reduction is built. The simulation system consists of two parts, one is the forecast of the future carbon intensity according to the current fuels’ usage, and another is the calculation of fuel quality according to the carbon intensity decomposition. With this system the user can know the forecasting data and decomposition results so as to make corresponding guiding policy.
The Selection of Agile Development's Effort Estimation Factors Based on Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Cheng Bo , Yu Xue Jun
Published: August 2013

Software development managers could improve the quality of software products through controlling the development time and budget in software development process by using software effort estimation. But until now, there have not effective methods estimating effort for agile development. In this paper, the author extracts agile development data from thousands of projects data provided by ISBSG DATA Release 11, and analyze agile development data using the method of principal component analysis. Finally, the paper gets out the set of agile development factor affecting effort estimation.
The "U-Type" Wells History of Fuzzy Ball Drilling Fluids for CBM Drilling in China
Authors: Guo Ben Guang , Zheng Li Hui , Meng Shang Zhi , Zhang Zhi Heng
Published: August 2013

The fuzzy ball drilling fluids have been developed on the basis of the circulation foam and Aphron to control lost circulation effectively. There are some difficulties in drilling U-type well, such as well-bore stability, cutting carrying problem, large torque and friction at the horizontal section, and formation damage to coal-bed. The objective of this paper was to show some applications of fuzzy ball drilling fluids on U-type wells of the Ordos Basin and prove the superiority of fuzzy ball drilling fluid in CBM drilling. To the three mentioned cases, the density of fuzzy ball drilling fluid was 0.90~1.18g/cm3, the funnel viscosity was 45~72s, the dynamic shear force was 12~19 Pa, the PV was 13~19mPa·s and the pH was ranged from 7 to 9. To use the fuzzy ball drilling fluids, the average ROP increased above 10% with no borehole complexity, such as stuck pipe, hole enlargement causing poor cleaning and etc. These cases reflected excellent properties of the fuzzy ball drilling fluids including effectively sealing, good carrying and suspension ability, formation damage control and compatible weighted by inert materials. Furthermore, the fuzzy ball drilling fluids will not affect BHA tools like motors and MWD in CBM drilling.
Investigations of Nanostructure and Photoluminescence Properties of Nanoporous Silicon
Authors: Atiwongsangthong Narin
Published: August 2013

In this paper, the nanoporous silicon layer was formed by electrochemical etching of silicon wafer in hydrofluoric acid solution. The purpose of this research, the nanoporous silicon layer were investigated the nanostructure and photoluminescence properties. We report the investigation on nanostructure of nanoporous silicon by using SEM, the gravimetric and fourier transform Raman spectroscopy (FT-Raman) technique. It is found that increasing the constant current density between electrochemical etching have effect to increasing porosity of nanoporous silicon. And increasing porosity of nanoporous silicon is effect from decreasing average size of silicon crystallites in nanoporous silicon which can confirm with Raman spectroscopy. The Changes in the photoluminescence intensity of nanoporous silicon samples are studied during nanoporous silicon stored in various ambient gases such as air, nitrogen, oxigen and vacuum. From data of this experiment when nanoporous silicon were stored in ambient air for a long time, the photoluminescence intensity of nanoporous silicon will decrease. In addition, we found strongly decreasing in its photoluminescence intensity when nanoporous silicon were stored in ambient of oxygen which can confirm by using fourier transfrom infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) technique.
Research on Urban Rail Transit Resource Allocation Based on K-Shortest Paths Algorithm
Authors: Shen Ju Mei , Shen Yong Sheng , Xu Lin
Published: August 2013

This paper considers the major factors of passenger flow distribution and the running cost of train, explains and demonstrates how to sove the problem of urban rail transit resource allocation. The paper at first constructs urban rail network assignment model in the multiple operating lines based on the k-shortest paths algorithm, then proposes the k shortest paths search algorithm, finally the effectiveness of the model and algorithm are verified with the data from the Beijing urban rail transit network.
Research Development of the Laser Surface Modification to Improve the Corrosion-Resistance of Titanium and Titanium Alloys
Authors: Yu Hui Jun
Published: August 2013

Titanium and titanium alloys are widely used in aeronautical, marine, chemical and biomedical applications and so on, owing to their specific properties such as good corrosion resistance, low densities, high specific strength and modulus, and high-temperature resistance. However titanium and titanium alloys also have many disadvantages, such as low hardness, low wear-resistance and the low corrosion-resistance in some cases, which limit their wider application. Recent years, the corrosion resistance of titanium and titanium alloys is required to elevate in some fields. Proper surface modification can solve the problems effectively. This paper reviews the recent investigations of laser surface modification to improve the corrosion resistant of titanium and its alloys. The microstructures, the corrosion resistance properties, and the influence factors of the coatings were discussed systematically. And the future prospect of the further researches and uses is presented.
Spray Pyrolysis of Metal Oxides SnO2 and In2O3 as an Example of Thin Film Technology: Advantages and Limitations for Application in Conductometric Gas Sensors
Authors: Korotcenkov Ghenadii , Cho B.K. , Brinzari V.
Published: August 2013

In this paper we present results of structural analysis of SnO2 films deposited by spray pyrolysis and designed for application in conductometric gas sensors. The aim of this analysis was summarizing the results obtained in this field, highlighting a correlation between material structure and its gas sensing properties, and formulating some general regularities typical for metal oxides.
A Case Study on Effect of Feed Rate on Machinability of Austempered Ductile Iron
Authors: Polishetty Ashwin , Littlefair Guy , Pasang Tim
Published: August 2013

Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI) is a type of nodular, ductile cast iron subjected to heat treatments - austenitising and austempering. Whilst machining is conducted prior to heat treatment and offers no significant difficulty, machining post heat treatment is demanding and often avoided. Phase transformation of retained austenite to martensite leading to poor machinability characteristics is a common problem experienced during machining. This case study explains the effect of feed rate on machinability of ADI using cutting force analysis and tool failure analysis. The experimental design consists of conducting drilling trials on grade 1200 and 1400 at constant depth of cut, 25mm; constant speed, 45m/min; no coolant and variable feed rates from 0.2 to 0.35 mm/rev (increment of 0.025mm/rev). Metallography and X-ray diffraction technique was carried out in order to identify and quantify the microstructural phases before and after drilling. The results from the trial infer that the best way to machine ADI efficiently without tool failure is using low feeds and high speeds and without coolant.
CO2 Laser Cladding of Mild Steel Using Iron Based Powder and Silicon Carbide Particles
Authors: Yip Mum Wai , Barnes Stuart
Published: August 2013

The objective of this research was to develop a new form of clad layer by producing a Silicon Carbide (SiC) particle reinforce Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) using the iron based alloys as the matrix material. A 1.2kW continuous wave CO2 laser was used in this research. A gravity feed system was used with one powder feed which contained different percentages of SiC particles and iron based powder. Experimental results showed that the decomposition of SiC particles was observed and only a few SiC particles were found in the clad matrix. High micro hardness values were found in the SiC clad which were in excess of 1000 HV. However, most of the SiC were evaporated which created porosity in the melt pool. Therefore, blown powder technique is recommended for overcome this problem.
Performance Study on Scale Inhibition of Biodegradable Water Treatment Agent
Authors: Chen Wu , Wang Da Yong , Mei Ping
Published: August 2013

The intermediate product polysuccinimide was synthesized by catalytic polymerization with L-aspartic acid as raw material in liquid phase, and then the main chain of poly (aspartic acid) were introduced several new functional groups by the method of open-loop, synthesized polyaspartic acid and its derivatives. The structure of these products were characterized by FT-IR, and the properties of scale inhibition and biodegradability of polyaspartic acid and its derivatives were studied. The results show that the several types of polymers have biodegradable properties. After the new functional groups were grafted in PASP, the performance of scale inhibition of Ca3(PO4)2 could significantly be improved,but reduce the performance of scale inhibition of BaSO4.
Optimization Design of a Framework for an Infrared Seeker
Authors: Wang Tao , Zhao Ming , Jia Hong Guang
Published: August 2013

Seeker, whose performance severely affects the accuracy of guidance, plays an important role in guidance, just like the eyes of missiles. To design a seeker meeting the application requirements, multiple environmental conditions have to be taken in to consideration, such as the environments of production process, experiments, transportation and launching. This paper introduces a FEM method based optimization design strategy and a case study of mechanical framework optimization design for an infrared seeker as demonstration. The result of the design example seems positive and offers a proof of the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Synthesis of Fe-Al2O3 Composite by High-Frequency Induction-Heated Combustion
Authors: Tepsuan Kunyaporn , Sutham Niyomwas
Published: August 2013

The Fe-Al2O3 composite has been prepared by high-frequency induction heated combustion synthesis (HFIHCS) from Fe2O3 and Al powders. The standard Gibbs energy minimization method was used to calculate the equilibrium compositions of the reacting species. The composition and microstructure of HFIHCS products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX).
A Z-Map Based Approach for Extracting the Groove Shape of Impeller
Authors: Huang Wen Li , Zhang Sheng Fang , Inui Masatomo
Published: August 2013

As the necessary information for planning tool path, or determining the parameters of machining processes, the groove shape of impellers should be extracted exactly. A Z-map based approach is proposed to extract the groove shape of the impeller, which is formed by hub and blades in STL models. The bottom boundaries of the groove surface are computed with its Z-map models and the polygons of the groove surface are selected with the boundaries. An experimental system is implemented and some computational experiments are performed to verify the practical applicability of the approach.
Efficient Surface Segmentation Algorithm for 3-Axis Machining with a Ball-End Cutter
Authors: Xu Jing Lin , Zheng Guo Lei , Du Bao Rui , Wu Fa Ming
Published: August 2013

Surface machining is one of the key problems in aircraft part-manufacturing. This paper presents a novel approach to solve the surface segmentation issue under 3-axis machining mode with a certain processing coordinate system, according to the workability-based ridge extracting algorithm proposed here. Firstly, basic principles such as ridge point and ridge of a surface are explained in detail. Secondly, the workability-based ridge extracting algorithm is put forward to better slice the surface. Finally, the proposed workability-based ridge extracting methodology is tested on a 3D model and its performance reveals that the method described here is effective in terms of time and feasibility. The work presented here has reached a basis for feature recognition during computer aided manufacturing process when fabricating aircraft structural parts.
Positive Solutions of a Strongly Coupled Prey-Predator System
Authors: Feng Xiao Zhou , Wei Mei Hua , Li Yan Ling
Published: August 2013

In this paper, the positive steady-state solutions of a strongly coupled partial differential equation system with Holling II functional response is studied. The existence for positive steady-state solutions of system is established by calculating the fixed point index in cone.
Study on Energy Optimization of Clutch Based on Energy Design Factor
Authors: He Ping , Chen Cong Sheng , Ma Yu Ping , Wu Yan Bo , Pan Shao Bo
Published: August 2013

The green design of products is highly beneficial in the alleviation of environment burdens. During the product lifecycle, energy-consumption is one of the main roots of environmental pollution. Therefore, energy optimization for green design is an important path to reduce the environmental pollution. Sequentially, the concept of the energy design factor was presented, which was applied in the energy-optimizing design of the mechanical product in the use stage. Based on the analysis of function in the use age of products, the energy consumption information of products was extracted. During the use stage of products, the energy-consuming model was established. Then the energy design factors was extracted and applied to the energy optimization design of products. Finally, the model and method in the paper were validated by a case of motorcycle’s clutch.
Signal Analysis on Nasal Consonant Based on Nasal Flow Signal
Authors: Yuan Shuai , Guo Lei
Published: August 2013

This paper studies Nasal Initials duration, degree of nasal and formants of Mandarin through Nasal flow meter , using Real-time visual feedback and sonogram reveals nasal interface and the dynamic changes, and sound imposed direction followed by a vowel sound, Reveals the complexity of the nasal articulation, the result shows that the degree of nasal and formant of Monosyllabic are different because different nasal sound acts as initials.
Effect of Screw Rotation Speed on Mechanical Properties of Extruded PLA/Kenaf Nanocomposites
Authors: Jaafar Wan Nor Raihan Wan , Surip Siti Norasmah , Azmi Nur Naziha
Published: August 2013

Extrusion is one of established methods of polymer processing with fibre and consequently disperses fibre inside polymer. Different speed shows different behaviour of fibre dispersion. This study was conducted to produce composites from polylactic acid and kenaf by extrusion method. Kenaf bast and core was undergone chemical treatment with sodium hydroxide (6% w/w) followed by hydrochloric acid. Then, kenaf bast and core was mechanically beaten to reduce the fibre size. PLA and kenaf fibre (bast and core) was mixed by extrusion process with 3 different rotation speeds (60, 70 and 80 rpm). Kenaf bast composite and kenaf core composite was referred as KBC and KCC respectively. Flexural and impact strength was done to investigate the effect of different screw rotation speed on KBC and KCC. KBC and KCC processed with 60 rpm rotation speed shows better performance on flexural strength. For impact strength, KBC with 70 rpm and KCC with 60 rpm rotation speed have higher impact values.
Method on 3D Dense Point Cloud Recovery of Geographical Scene
Authors: Liang Yan , Sheng Ye Hua , Zhang Ka
Published: August 2013

The object of this research is to reconstruct 3D dense point cloud of geographical scene. With the technology and method of computer vision , first affine invariant features are extracted and matched, then cameras parameters and 3D dense point cloud are recovered and united under geographical reference. The experimental results show that this method with low cost and high precision of centimeters can satisfy the requirements of measurement, modeling and virtual reality.
Sound Source Localization Based on Microphone Uniform Linear Array
Authors: Wang Jian Rong , Zhang Ju , Hyon Song Gun , Wei Jian Guo
Published: August 2013

In order to locate the sound source based on the microphone uniform linear array and reduce the impact of noise and reflection, improved multiple signal classification algorithm and a kind of weighted average filters be used in this paper. According to the microphone array speech processing characteristics, we improved the traditional multiple signal classification algorithm and designed a kind of weighted average filters. Then, we made the computer simulation experiments. The experimental results show that the location of the sound source is the peak with the highest power in the spatial spectrum. Besides, the frequency domain diagram is more smoothly and the power of the noise and reflection is effectively reduced except sound source through the weighted average processing. Therefore, improved multiple signal classification algorithm can achieve sound source localization based on the microphone uniform linear array. And the impact of the noise and reflection is effectively reduced by processing of the weighted average filters.
Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida Magnetic Interactions in Chemically Synthesized Zn-Fe-AlO Nanocrystallites
Authors: Mahmood Asif , Al-Zeghayer Yousef
Published: August 2013

Chemically derived auto-combustion technique is employed to synthesize the Zn0.95-xFe0.05 AlxO (x=00.07 in 0.02 increment) nanocrystallites. X-ray diffraction studies of all compositions revealed the phase pure wurtzite crystal structure with space group P63mc. The lattice parameters and crystallite size is changed with doping of Al attributed to the diversity in size of ionic radii. Temperature dependent electrical resistivity shows a decreased trend with the rise of temperature, confirming the semiconductor nature of compositions. The lower resistivity and enhanced saturation magnetization values in Al doped compositions correspond to the increase in density of carriers. Carriers mediated RKKY interactions are found to observe for enhancement of magnetization.
Photoluminescence Investigation of Dy3+ Ions in Bi2O3-B2O3 Glasses
Authors: Insiripong Smit , Boonin Kitipun , Chanthima Natthakridta , Kaewkhao Jakrapong
Published: August 2013

In this work, the photoluminescence properties of bismuth borate glass doped with Dy3+ have been studied. Glasses were prepared using the glass composition formula 30Bi2O3 : (70-x)B2O3 : xDy2O3, where x is 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 mol%. Glass samples were fabricated by the use of the normal melt-quenching technique at the melting temperature of 1,100 °C at 3 hour time intervals. Glass samples were annealed at the temperature of 500 °C at 3 hour time intervals to remove thermal strain. From photoluminescence study, the emission spectra (excited at 451 nm) were observed three emission peaks, which are assigned to 4F9/26H15/2 (484 nm), 4F9/26H13/2 (574 nm), and 4F9/26H11/2 (661 nm) transitions, respectively. The luminescence intensities of all glasses are comparable and the strongest intensity peak at 574 nm was obtained.
Fabrication and Reinforcing Mechanism: In Situ Grown Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Carbon/Carbon Composites with High Interlaminar Shear Strength
Authors: Song Qiang , Li Ke-zhi , Li He Jun , Fu Qian Gang
Published: August 2013

Straight carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with radially-growing morphologies and long length were grafted on carbon fibers by catalytic chemical vapor deposition and they were used to reinforce carbon/carbon composites (C/Cs). Mechanical tests indicate that CNTs can increase the interlaminar shearing strength of C/Cs by about 200 %. The reinforcement mechanism was concretely discussed with emphasis placed on the change of the cohesion of pyrocarbon matrix.
Theoretical and Experimental Study of the Human Upper Limb Dynamic Behavior
Authors: Dumitru Nicolae , Malciu Raluca , Grecu Valentin
Published: August 2013

The paper presents the determination of the constraint forces acting in the human upper limb joints, using the inverse dynamic analysis procedure based on Lagrange multipliers method. The kinematics parameters time variation laws were established through experiments for the considered driving joints. The constraint forces time variation laws define the database for the dynamic analysis using the finite element method and for dimensioning an exoprosthetic system for later rehabilitation of the human upper limb motion.
Effect of the Annealing Treatment on the Microstructure, Microhardness and Corrosion Behaviour of Al0.3CrFe1.5MnNi0.5 High-Entropy Alloys
Authors: Tsao L.C. , Chen C.S. , Fan Kuo Huan , Huang Yen Teng
Published: August 2013

In this study, an Al0.3CrFe1.5MnNi0.5 high entropy alloy was synthesized by arc-melting in Ar. The as-cast alloy ingot was heat treated for 8 h at 650-750°C and then cooled in furnace to investigate the effects of age treatment on the microstructure, hardness and corrosion behaviour. The microstructure of as-cast sample has a typical rich-Cr BCC structure of dendrites, rich-Ni FCC interdendrite phases and a small fraction of cross-like rich-Ni FCC phase within the majority dendritic structure. During annealing treatment at 650°C, the cross-like FCC phase (β-FCC) gradually decreased, dendritic rich-Cr BCC phase transfers to Cr5Fe6Mn8 phase, and the AlNi phase precipitated within the matrix dendrites. The interdendritic β1-FCC phases gradually decomposed and transfers to second-phase (β2 FCC), and the AlNi precipitated phase coarsen during annealing at 750°C. In addition, Cr5Fe6Mn8 phase gradually transfers to rich-Cr BCC phase during slow-cooling process. These precipitation phases in the grain matrix are the main age hardening mechanism. The potentiodynamic polarization of the Al0.3CrFe1.5MnNi0.5 high entropy alloys, obtained in 3.5% NaCl solutions, clearly revealed that the corrosion resistance increases and the passive region decreases as annealing temperature increasing.
The Study of DC Motor Position Controller Parameter Setting and Simulation
Authors: Zhao Wei Ping , Hu Zhan Shuang , Yang Ming
Published: August 2013

Classic setting method not only process trival, but also can't ensure that the controller you get is optimal. In order to obtain satisfactory system performance, in this paper, In this paper, the genetic algorithm is introduced to the dc motor optimal position tracking system control problem. By using it to global optimization of the controller parameters, and setting the current, speed and position controller parameters. The simulation results: PID controller designed by using genetic algorithm can make the response of control system tracking faster and no overshoot,make sure that the system control effect based on the stability and improve the system performance and achieve the actual process requirements. The simulation results verify that the proposed method is effectiveness.
Design of Direct Digital Synthesizer Based on FPGA
Authors: Liu Cai Hong , Ji Jin Shui , Qi Ai Qin , Zhang Wei
Published: August 2013

Traditional designs of high bandwidth frequency synthesizers employ the use of a phase locked-loop. A direct digital synthesizer (DDS) provides many significant advantages over the PLL approaches. The thesis emphasizing discusses the designing of DDS basing on FPGA. DDS is made up of the phrase accumulator and sine ROM looking-up table, which is realized by functional EAB chip. And through setting different initial accumulator value and initial phrase value, the difference of phrase between the two sine signals can be changed. As a result, two serials of sine signals with changeable digital frequency, phrase and magnitude are produced. The simulate results show that logic in FPGA is consistent with the requirements.
Simulation of an AlGaN/GaN HEMT for Ka-Band
Authors: Luo Xiao Bin , Yu Wei Hua , Guo De Chun , Wang Zhi Ming
Published: August 2013

A physical model of 0.24μm gate-length and 50μm gate-width AlGaN/GaN HEMTs is designed in the paper including lateral structure and longitudinal material parameters. Then DC and high frequency characteristics are both simulated and analyzed. The results show that the saturation drain current is 0.8A/mm at zero bias and the maximum transconductance is 350mS/mm. The current gain cutoff frequency (fT) and maximum frequency of oscillation (fmax) are 35GHz and 107GHz respectively at -2V gate voltage and 25V drain voltage. The maximum available power gains (MAG) is 10.2dB at 40GHz. Therefore, the structure can be applied to Ka-band.
An Improved Data Weighted Averaging for Segmented Current-Steering DACs
Authors: Zheng Dan , Ni Wei , Zhang Rui , Yin Yong Sheng
Published: August 2013

An improved DWA method for 14-bit 5+4+5 segmented current-steering digital-to-analog converters is proposed. Through to SFDR and dynamic performance of compromise consideration, this method uses two barrel shifters to control the starting position of the current element sequence every four clocks. Compared with the conventional DWA method, it features smaller device size and improves SFDR. And based on SIMULINK platform, through the establishment of high level of current steering D/A converter model with matching errors and output impedance. The simulation results show that SFDR is improved about 25dB.
Distribution Network and Multiple Power Bi-Level Programming
Authors: Ma Xiu Fan , Zhang Li Zi
Published: August 2013

With the increasing application of renewable energy and clean fossil energy in the form of distributed generation in network, active load also take part in the operation of power system. Referring to the distribution network programming, it becomes more and more important to study on active load, multiply generation and distribution network coordination programming. This paper proposes a bi-level programming model to solve the problem of the coordination between the multiply generation and distribution network programming: first, treat the active load, distributed generation and centralized generation as generalized power, the cost characteristics of which decide the position in the annual load duration curve, and then work out the installations of them. Second, achieve the distribution network programming and the configuration of various types in power grid which is constrained to the results in the first layer of the programming, and aims at minimizing the investment in programming.. Modify the first programming by this result, after iteration, then we can obtain the best investment programming. In the end, take the 6-node system for example to verify the validity of this method.
Net-Tree: A Novel Self-Organizing Topology for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Wang Xin Yan , Zhang Rui Xin
Published: August 2013

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) cover many kinds of technologies, such as technology of sensor, embedded system, wireless communication, etc. WSN is different from the traditional networks in size, communication distance and energy-constrained so as to develop new topology, protocol, quality of service (QoS), and so on. In order to solve the problem of self-organizing in the topology, this paper proposes a novel strategy which is based on communication delay between sensors. Firstly, the gateway choices some boundary nodes. Secondly, the boundary nodes choose inner nodes. The rest may be deduced by analogy. Finally, a net-tree topology with multi-path routing is developed. The analyses of the topology show that net-tree has strong ability in self-organizing and extensible.
Dielectric Property of Si3N4/SiBCN Composite Ceramics Doped with SiC
Authors: Ye Fang , Zhang Li Tong , Yin Xiao Wei , Zhang Ya Jun , Liu Yong Sheng , Cheng Lai Fei
Published: August 2013

Si3N4/SiBCN composite ceramics were prepared by infiltrating and pyrolyzing liquid polyborosilazane in porous Si3N4 ceramics. To increase their wave-absorbing ability, SiC nanoparticles and SiC film obtained by chemical vapor infiltration were separately introduced into the composite ceramics. The surface morphology, element and phase composition of ceramics were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer and X-ray diffraction. Dielectric and electromagnetic wave absorbing property researches show that the permittivity and dielectric loss of the ceramics were effectively improved and the electromagnetic reflection coefficient was visibly decreased when SiC was loaded. It is indicated that SiC is an effective dielectric lossy absorbent, and the Si3N4/SiBCN composite ceramics containing SiC possess the great potential in the application of wave-absorbing material.
An Improved Routing Technology Based on Ant Colony Algorithm for Indoor Building Environment
Authors: Zhang Lei , Song Jun
Published: August 2013

Since Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and applications are closely related, with the application environment from the traditional outdoor environment gradually extended to the indoor environment, it will set a higher request to WSN and the routing algorithm. The traditional Ant Colony Algorithm (ACA) converges with a slow speed in its initial phase, so a location-aware ACA is proposed which introduces geographical information into standard ACA. The new algorithm adds direction factor into the path selection probability function which can make the ants move faster to the source by getting rid of the blindness in early path selection. Experimental results show that the location-aware ACA make great improvements in both convergence speed and running time.
Effect of Distance on the Maximum Data Transfer for Different Mounting Elevations of XBee Pro Module in Viral Advertisement System
Authors: Yaacob M.R. , Anwar N.S.N. , Nordin N. , Muhammad M.N.
Published: August 2013

This paper presents a study on the effect of distance between XBee Pro modules to the maximum data transfer for three different mounting elevations. The study has been conducted by using two units of XBee Pro modules which each represents a receiver and a transmitter. The transmitter is mounted in three different elevations which are 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 meter from the ground while the receiver is fixed at the same elevation. When the transmitter continuously transmits the wireless signal carrying its particular address, the receiver will detect the signal address once the range of communication of both receiver and transmitter intersects. The results obtained are the values of data size, in bytes, with respect to the distance between receiver and transmitter for different mounting elevations of transmitter. These data are then converted into graph that illustrates the data size-distance characteristics for each mounting elevation. Finally, the best mounting elevation is to be identified based on the result obtained.
A Tiny Development Platform with Virtualized Peripherals for Education of Embedded Software Design
Authors: Huang Chun Ming , Yang Kai Chao , Chang Yu Tsang , Wu Chien Ming , Chen Shian Wen
Published: August 2013

In the embedded software education, it is usually a burden to give every student a development board in the class due to limited budget. Besides, peripheral devices such as LCD panels also increase the cost. A cheap and flexible way is to use virtual embedded systems in the class. However, virtual systems cannot completely reflect the developing environment on real platforms. In this article, we propose the idea that combines the virtual and real embedded platforms. The proposed platform preserves the core of the hardware board, so that developers can design embedded software applications in the real developing environment. In addition, we eliminate the peripheral wires and connectors on hardware board and use virtual peripherals and peripherals on PC instead, such that designers can easily control and change peripherals. The proposed idea can significantly reduce cost and increase flexibility when teaching embedded software design. Moreover, the size of development board can be reduced as well. Without the restriction of peripheral connectors and devices, development boards become portable and more easy to use.
Modeling and Simulation of FC-AE-ASM Network
Authors: Huang Jin , Xu Bo , Qiu Kun
Published: August 2013

Fibre Channel (FC) as a Universal Avionics Network (UAN) candidate solution for the advanced integrated avionics systems can enable high-bandwidth, low-latency, high-reliability and hard real-time communication on aircraft platforms spanning military and commercial applications. Fibre Channel Avionics Environment-Anonymous Subscriber Messaging protocol (FC-AE-ASM) is one of the five high level protocols in fiber channel avionic environment which is used to transport command, control, signal processing and sensor / video data of the aircraft[1,2].The objective of this paper is to conduct a modeling and simulation on the performance of the FC–AE-ASM network. Through modeling the message transmission of the FC-AE-ASM with accompanying Eclipse, some network performance parameters such as bandwidth, throughput and end-to-end message delay can be gained and analyzed.
Implementation of Vehicle Control System Based on IPV6-CAN Gateway
Authors: Liu Jia Qiao , Qin Gui He , Duan Kun Lun
Published: August 2013

Vehicle will be connected to the Internet as both for ubiquitous remote controlling and as a means to meet Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) needs. At first, a gateway system between Controller Area Network (CAN) and IPV6 is required to connect vehicles to the Internet. Then this paper achieves the access of vehicle information and the control of vehicle using the CDMA wireless network based on the gateway. Finally, according to the result of the test, we have verified the correction and effectiveness of the control system.
Optimization of Parameters in Fiber Reinforced Polyurethane Composited Reaction Injection Molding
Authors: Cao Chun Ping , Sun Yu , Li Yu
Published: August 2013

In order to explore effects of various processing parameters on the mechanical properties of jute fiber reinforced polyurethane foam composites, jute fiber reinforced polyurethane composites were prepared by variable fiber reinforced reaction injection technology. The influence of jute fiber contents, fiber length, mold pressure and fiber modification treatment to the impact toughness was analyzed by orthogonal test in this paper. The microstructure and fracture micrograph of impact fracture specimens were studied with scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the best impact performance was obtained while fiber content was 10%, fiber length was12.5mm, mold pressure was 80tons, and jute fibers were modified by alkali. Furthermore, the result was compared with the corresponding research of glass fiber and carbon fiber reinforced polyurethane composites, and provided a theoretical basis for the application of the fiber reinforced polyurethane foam composites.
A Note on Optimal Function for Similarity Measure in Ontology Application
Authors: Gao Wei , Xu Tian Wei , Liang Li , Gan Jian Hou
Published: August 2013

Ontology similarity calculation and ontology mapping are important research topics in information retrieval. One method for ontology similarity measure is using multi-dividing approach. Assume that the notation and terminology used but undefined in this paper can be found in [4] and [5]. We show that the assumption of strict ordering of xi*can be relaxed to allow some ties in the likelihood ratio. The same proof remains true if we consider equivalence classes defined by the likelihood ratio and relabel xi* as its equivalence class denoted by [xi*].
Attention Electroencephalogram Analysis Based on Jensen-Shannon Divergence Analysis
Authors: Zheng Zheng Zhong , Zhao Jun Chang , Huang Xiao Lin , Wang Jun
Published: August 2013

In this paper, the complexity analysis method based on Jensen-Shannon Divergence was used to calculate the complexity of the Idle states, the close eyes states and the count numbers states electroencephalogram. The study found that the JSD value of close eyes states EEG was highest, followed by that of the Idle states EEG, and that of the count numbers states EEG was minimum. The result can be used to assisted clinical diagnosis.
Analysis of Visual-Evoked Potentials of Primary Visual Cortex under Flash Stimulations
Authors: Chen Shu Li , Wang Zhi Zhong , Shi Li , Niu Xiao Ke
Published: August 2013

Visual-evoked potentials (VEPs) which is made up of electrical signals generated by the nervous system in response to a stimulus can be easily recorded from the visual cortex of the experiment animal. There are several types of VEPs, for example, flash evoked potential (FEP), pattern evoked potential [1-3]. The FEP is produced by a visual stimulation with a brief and diffuse flash light. It is frequently used to evaluate the neural activity and sensory processing in the visual system [ and to identify and characterize the changes occurring in the retina and the occipital cortex [4, 5]. VEPs can also provide a further therapeutic approach through the stimulate of monitoring neurophysiologic changes related to diseases [6, 7]. The pattern evoked potentials have been used to assess parametric characteristics of visual perception, detect neuronal irritability and diagnose neurological diseases [8-1.
Motorcycle's Road Simulation System Based on PID Control
Authors: Huang Da Zhi
Published: August 2013

The application of motorcycles electro-hydraulic servo road simulation system is based on the modeling and the simulating. The model with the systems feature and parameter is finished,and analyzed the closed loop frequency characteristic of the system ,and proved that the simulation met the request of the fact. In the paper,the PID controller is designed based on the Matlab/Simulink. The system is controlled used in PID controller.The precision meet the request of the road status,and the system can reappear the stochastic waveform.
Influence of Hydrophilic Interpolymer Associates on the Formation of Interpolymer Complexes
Authors: Suleimenov Ibragim , Shaltykova Dina , Mun Grigoriy , Obukhova Polina , Panchenko Sergey , Isembergenov Nalik
Published: August 2013

It is shown that when the conditions of formation of interpolymer complexes are met, another little-known product of the interaction of polymer - hydrophilic interpolymer associates are formed, representing structures, existing in the dynamic mode. Such associates occupy an intermediate position between the classical inter-polymer complexes and non-interacting polymers.
Overview on Control Methods of Active Power Filter
Authors: Ma You Jie , Pan Min , Zhou Xue Song
Published: August 2013

With the wide application of power electronic devices, especially the use of non-linear device, a large number of harmonics and reactive current injected into the grid, which will cause power grid pollution, and the power quality problems have become increasingly serious .Active Power Filter (APF) is an important device for the power system harmonics and reactive power compensating. The real-time control and accuracy is a key to achieving effective compensation. Several suitable for active power filters basic principle of the compensation current control strategy is introduced in this paper, the paper carries on the contrast analysis, and points out the advantages and disadvantages of each, The development of the control strategy of the active filter can achieve a better performance and a wider range of application.
Preparation and Growth Characteristics of Mesocarbon Microbeads
Authors: Wang Zhi , Yu Chun Hong
Published: August 2013

Mesocarbon microbeads (MCMBs) have been synthesized from coal tar pitch. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser particle size analyzer were used to evaluate the structure and partical size. The effect of process parameters on the growth and morphologies of MCMBs was investigated. The results show that the optimum temperature range is 410-430 °C and the growth time has a suitable range. The diameter and yield of MCMBs will increase and the spherical degree does not change with the extension of time.
DSC Studies on the Dyeing Properties of PLA Fiber
Authors: Fu Zhong Jun , Huang Hao Fei , Yu Lu Shan , Sun Yun Fei
Published: August 2013

The dyeing properties of the polylactic acid (PLA) fiber with four different disperse dyes was studied. In the disperse dyeing process, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) analysis was applied to test and analyze the changes of the glass-transition and melting temperature of the dyed and pure PLA fiber. The results indicated that not only the structure of the dispersed dyes and the dyeing conditions affected the dyeing performance of PLA fiber, but also the degree of the crystallinity of PLA fiber contributed to the final dyeing results. Moreover, the transformation of such crystallinity during the disperse dyeing process should be taken into account when the dyeing temperature was studied.
Experiment Investigation on Spontaneous Combustion of Iron Sulfides’ in Oil Tank
Authors: Wang Wen He , Xu Zhi Sheng , Sun Bao Jiang , Liang Dong
Published: August 2013

With sulfur-contained oil tanks undergoing chemical corrosions, the corresponding products (i.e. rust, mainly comprising of Fe2O3, Fe3O4 and Fe (OH)3) would react with hydrogen sulfide, sulfur, mercaptan sulfur and other active sulfur contained in the oil to produce highly oxidizing iron sulfide, which is liable to cause fire and explosions upon exothermic reactions. In this paper, the corrosion induced by low-temperature wet H2S and natural oxidations of corresponding products within the sulfur-contained oil tanks are simulated. An analysis is also made on the temperature changing patterns during the sulfidation of Fe2O3, Fe3O4, Fe (OH) 3, and their mixtures as well as in the natural oxidation process of sulfide. Research results indicate that due to the strong oxidation tendency revealed by ferrous sulfide generated from reactions between Fe2O3, Fe3O4, Fe (OH) 3, and their mixtures with wet H2S under anaerobic conditions, it can react with oxygen in the natural air violently to release a lot of heat. The higher the content of Fe2O3 and Fe3O4, the greater the risk of spontaneous combustion would be. Moreover, the oxidation of iron sulfide undergoes three phases in natural environment, i.e. oxidation induction, oxidation incubation, and oxidation acceleration.
Effect of Rare Earth Cerium on the Synthesis and Wear-Resistance of Electroless Ni-P-PTFE Coatings
Authors: Liu Da Yong , Li Long Gen , Liu Li Sheng
Published: August 2013

By adding various concentrations of rare earth cerium into the acidic hypophosphite plating baths, electroless Ni-P-PTFE coatings have been successfully deposited on the surface of shaft made of mild steel. Surface morphology, microhardness and interfacial adhesion of the coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive spectrometer, vicker microhardness meter and WS-92 scrape instrument, respectively. Ring-plate wear test was applied to study the friction coefficient and wear resistance of Ni-P-PTFE coating. Results revealed that Ni-P-PTFE coatings deposited with 10ppm or 20ppm cerium in the plating baths show low friction coefficient and high interfacial adhesion,leading to its perfect wear resistance. However, both the interfacial adhesion and wear resistance of the Ni-P-PTFE coatings were decreased drastically as the cerium concentration in the plating baths was exceeds 50ppm.
A Review on Polymer/Kaolinite Nanocomposites
Authors: Jia Yue Xin , Sun Li Jing , Chen Xing Gang , An Man , Sang Xiao Ming
Published: August 2013

This review reports recent advances in the field of polymer/kaolinite nanocomposites. These materials are attracting considerable interest in polymer science research because they exhibit dramatic improvement in properties at very low filler contents. The structure of kaolinite is displayed and approaches to expand the basal spacing of kaolinite are given. In addition, the preparation of polymer/kaolinite nanocomposites is summarized. Part of the review also concentrates on the improvement of mechanical property, thermal stability, gas permeability and other properties of polymer/kaolinite nanocomposites, and detailed examples are also drawn from the scientific literature. The prospect of the study on polymer/kaolinite nanocomposites is elaborated.
Random Vibrations of a Cable-Stayed Bridge under Multi-Dimensional Seismic Excitations
Authors: Sun Zuo Yu , Wang Hui , Fang Ming Sheng , Mao Ke Yang
Published: August 2013

It is a challenging problem for scientists and engineers to calculate the random vibration responses of a large scale engineering structure, during which, the calculating efficiency and accuracy are always the main concerns. In civil engineering, there are some even more difficult cases that have to be considered, such as a large span cable-stayed bridge under multi-dimensional seismic loads consisting of evolutionary random processes. In this paper, such a problem is analyzed by using equivalent excitation method, in which the equivalent excitations are constructed by using continuous wavelet transform, and the affections of multi-dimensional seismic excitations are investigated. Simulations of a typical cable-stayed bridge show some of the plausible features of the method presented.
Muffler of High Quality and Efficiency Based on Structural Dynamic Optimization and the Modal Analysis
Authors: Zhou Xin Xiang , Han Da Meng , Lei Xing Long , Liu Cheng , Hu Guang Yu
Published: August 2013

According to the mechanism and spectrum characteristics of an oil-free air compressor noise source, determined the muffler installed at the air inlet. According to the characteristics of noise source, muffler is designed into type of expansion chamber, considering the structural dynamic parameters, by means of optimization method to determine the size, and the finite element modal analysis is conducted. By solving the muffler's inherent frequency and mode of vibration, knows weather each order natural frequency is away from the peak frequency, the structural dynamics of the muffler can be modification. Methods of structure modal analysis and dynamic optimization on the muffler provided reliable reference to design a high efficient new muffler.
Finite Element Analysis on Large-Scale Electrical Dust Precipitator Steel Structures
Authors: Huang Lu Yu , Gao Yang , Cao Xia
Published: August 2013

Based on the construction features of the steel structures of a type of electrical dust precipitator, a finite element model is established with large-scale finite element analysis software ANSYS, and the structure stress and displacement of the model under all sorts of loads are analyzed with the frontal solution method. The results indicate that analysis is relatively accurate, the finite element model and the analysis method is appropriate. The result can be further used for optimization design of the electrical precipitator steel structures.