bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ECO-INNOVATION AS A PILLAR FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Authors: Stankevičienė Jelena , Nikanorova Marta
Published: August 2020

Circular economy (CE) is based on environmental, economic and social dimensions which aim to ensure sustainable development on each step of product creation, transformation and conversion by creating a closed-loop economy. The purpose of the article is to propose a concept of measurement the development of eco-innovations in the context of circular economy, apply and provide empirical evidence based on the data of Baltic Sea Region countries. The study augmented for the models that include the analysis of the circular economy concept, the importance of eco-innovation in the context of circular economy including the accent on recycling, circular material usage, material efficiency and waste management. The multi-criteria decision methods MULTIMOORA and TOPSIS were used to assess the eco-innovation as a pillar of circular economy. Results are useful to add to theoretical building and also evaluate the socio-economic aspect in the concept of circular economy.
URBANIZATION OF COLLECTIVE GARDENS IN VILNIUS – ISSUES RELATED TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ASPECTS
Authors: Sinušaitė-Petreikienė Vesta , Naimavičienė Jurga
Published: August 2020

Vilnius, capital of Lithuania, has the largest concentration of residents in the whole country. Along with the population growth, 544 386 people were living in Vilnius in 2016, the need for residential land also increases. During the last decade, there has been a noticeable sprawl of Vilnius urban area. One of the phenomena of this trend – conversion of collective gardens into residential zones. Collective gardens in Vilnius city have been converted into residential zones for more than a decade, however none of the collective gardens have been converted into typical neighborhood residential zone from legal or practical perspective. The problem is getting worse due to the increasing intensity of city’s sprawling and converting collective gardens into residential zones.
The ALPINE–ALMA [C ii] Survey: Size of Individual Star-forming Galaxies at z = 4–6 and Their Extended Halo Structure
Authors: Fujimoto Seiji , Silverman John D. , Bethermin Matthieu , Ginolfi Michele , Jones Gareth C. , Le Fèvre Olivier , Dessauges-Zavadsky Miroslava , Rujopakarn Wiphu , Faisst Andreas L. , Fudamoto Yoshinobu , Cassata Paolo , Morselli Laura , Maiolino Roberto , Schaerer Daniel , Capak Peter , Yan Lin , Vallini Livia , Toft Sune , Loiacono Federica , Zamorani Gianni , Talia Margherita , Narayanan Desika , Hathi Nimish P. , Lemaux Brian C. , Boquien Médéric , Amorin Ricardo , Ibar Edo , Koekemoer Anton M. , Méndez-Hernández Hugo , Bardelli Sandro , Vergani Daniela , Zucca Elena , Romano Michael , Cimatti Andrea
Published: August 2020

We present the physical extent of [C ii] 158 μm line-emitting gas from 46 star-forming galaxies at z = 4–6 from the ALMA Large Program to INvestigate C ii at Early Times (ALPINE). Using exponential profile fits, we measure the effective radius of the [C ii] line (

) for individual galaxies and compare them with the rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) continuum (

) from Hubble Space Telescope images. The effective radius

exceeds

by factors of ∼2–3, and the ratio of

increases as a function of M
star. We do not find strong evidence that the [C ii] line, rest-frame UV, and far-infrared (FIR) continuum are always displaced over ≃1 kpc scale from each other. We identify 30% of isolated ALPINE sources as having an extended [C ii] component over 10 kpc scales detected at 4.1σ–10.9σ beyond the size of rest-frame UV and FIR continuum. One object has tentative rotating features up to ∼10 kpc, where the 3D model fit shows the rotating [C ii]-gas disk spread over 4 times larger than the rest-frame UV-emitting region. Galaxies with the extended [C ii] line structure have high star formation rate, high stellar mass (M
star), low Lyα equivalent width, and more blueshifted (redshifted) rest-frame UV metal absorption (Lyα line), as compared to galaxies without such extended [C ii] structures. Although we cannot rule out the possibility that a selection bias toward luminous objects may be responsible for such trends, the star-formation-driven outflow also explains all these trends. Deeper observations are essential to test whether the extended [C ii] line structures are ubiquitous to high-z star-forming galaxies.
ALMA Observations of Young Eruptive Stars: Continuum Disk Sizes and Molecular Outflows
Authors: Hales Antonio S. , Pérez Sebastián , Gonzalez-Ruilova Camilo , Cieza Lucas A. , Williams Jonathan P. , Sheehan Patrick D. , López Cristián , Casassus Simon , Principe David A. , Zurlo Alice
Published: August 2020

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) 1.3 mm observations of four young, eruptive star–disk systems at 0.″4 resolution: two FUors (V582 Aur and V900 Mon), one EXor (UZ Tau E), and one source with an ambiguous FU/EXor classification (GM Cha). The disks around GM Cha, V900 Mon, and UZ Tau E are resolved. These observations increase the sample of FU/EXors observed at subarcsecond resolution by 15%. The disk sizes and masses of FU/EXors objects observed by ALMA so far suggest that FUor disks are more massive than Class 0/I disks in Orion and Class II disks in Lupus of similar size. EXor disks in contrast do not seem to be distinguishable from these two populations. We reach similar conclusions when comparing the FU/EXor sample to the Class I and Class II disks in Ophiuchus. FUor disks around binaries are host to more compact disks than those in single-star systems, similar to noneruptive young disks. We detect a wide-angle outflow around GM Cha in 12CO emission, wider than typical Class I objects and more similar to those found around some FUor objects. We use radiative transfer models to fit the continuum and line data of the well-studied disk around UZ Tau E. The line data are well described by a Keplerian disk, with no evidence of outflow activity (similar to other EXors). The detection of wide-angle outflows in FUors but not in EXors support the current picture in which FUors are more likely to represent an accretion burst in the protostellar phase (Class I), while EXors are smaller accretion events in the protoplanetary (Class II) phase.
MINESweeper: Spectrophotometric Modeling of Stars in the Gaia Era
Authors: Cargile Phillip A. , Conroy Charlie , Johnson Benjamin D. , Ting 丁 Yuan-Sen 源森 , Bonaca Ana , Dotter Aaron , Speagle Joshua S.
Published: August 2020

We present MINESweeper, a tool to measure stellar parameters by jointly fitting observed spectra and broadband photometry to model isochrones and spectral libraries. This approach enables the measurement of spectrophotometric distances, in addition to stellar parameters such as T
eff,

, [Fe/H], [α/Fe], and radial velocity. MINESweeper employs a Bayesian framework and can easily incorporate a variety of priors, including Gaia parallaxes. Mock data are fit in order to demonstrate how the precision of derived parameters depends on evolutionary phase and signal-to-noise ratio. We then fit a selection of data in order to validate the model outputs. Fits to a variety of benchmark stars including Procyon, Arcturus, and the Sun result in derived stellar parameters that are in good agreement with the literature. We then fit combined spectra and photometry of stars in the open and globular clusters M92, M13, M3, M107, M71, and M67. Derived distances, [Fe/H], [α/Fe], and

−T
eff relations are in overall good agreement with literature values, although there are trends between metallicity and

within clusters that point to systematic uncertainties at the ≈0.1 dex level. Finally, we fit a large sample of stars from the H3 Spectroscopic Survey in which high-quality Gaia parallaxes are also available. These stars are fit without the Gaia parallaxes so that the geometric parallaxes can serve as an independent test of the spectrophotometric distances. Comparison between the two reveals good agreement within their formal uncertainties after accounting for the Gaia zero-point uncertainties.
Project AMIGA: The Circumgalactic Medium of Andromeda*
Authors: Lehner Nicolas , Berek Samantha C. , Howk J. Christopher , Wakker Bart P. , Tumlinson Jason , Jenkins Edward B. , Prochaska J. Xavier , Augustin Ramona , Ji Suoqing , Faucher-Giguère Claude-André , Hafen Zachary , Peeples Molly S. , Barger Kat A. , Berg Michelle A. , Bordoloi Rongmon , Brown Thomas M. , Fox Andrew J. , Gilbert Karoline M. , Guhathakurta Puragra , Kalirai Jason S. , Lockman Felix J. , O’Meara John M. , Pisano D. J. , Ribaudo Joseph , Werk Jessica K.
Published: August 2020

Project AMIGA (Absorption Maps In the Gas of Andromeda) is a survey of the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of Andromeda (M31,

 ≃ 300 kpc) along 43 QSO sightlines at impact parameters 25 ≤ R ≤ 569 kpc (25 at R ≲ 

). We use ultraviolet absorption measurements of Si ii, Si iii, Si iv, C ii, and C iv from the Hubble Space Telescope/Cosmic Origins Spectrograph and O vi from the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer to provide an unparalleled look at how the physical conditions and metals are distributed in the CGM of M31. We find that Si iii and O vi have a covering factor near unity for R ≲ 1.2

 and ≲1.9

, respectively, demonstrating that M31 has a very extended ∼104–105.5 K ionized CGM. The metal and baryon masses of the 104–105.5 K CGM gas within

are ≳108 and ≳4 × 1010 (Z/0.3 Z
⊙)−1
M
⊙, respectively. There is not much azimuthal variation in the column densities or kinematics, but there is with R. The CGM gas at R ≲ 0.5

 is more dynamic and has more complicated, multiphase structures than at larger radii, perhaps a result of more direct impact of galactic feedback in the inner regions of the CGM. Several absorbers are projected spatially and kinematically close to M31 dwarf satellites, but we show that those are unlikely to give rise to the observed absorption. Cosmological zoom simulations of ∼L* galaxies have O vi extending well beyond

as observed for M31 but do not reproduce well the radial column density profiles of the lower ions. However, some similar trends are also observed, such as the lower ions showing a larger dispersion in column density and stronger dependence on R than higher ions. Based on our findings, it is likely that the Milky Way has a ∼104–105.5 K CGM as extended as for M31 and their CGM (especially the warm–hot gas probed by O vi) are overlapping.
Nondetection of the Gamma-Ray Burst X-Ray Emission Line: The Down-Comptonization Effect
Authors: Liu Jie-Ying , Mao Jirong
Published: August 2020

The detection of the gamma-ray burst (GRB) X-ray emission line is important for studying GRB physics and constraining the GRB redshift. Since the line-like feature in the GRB X-ray spectrum was first reported in 1999, several works on line searching have been published over the past two decades. Even though some observations on the X-ray line-like feature were performed, its significance remains controversial to date. In this paper, we utilize the down-Comptonization mechanism and present the time evolution of the Fe Kα line emitted near the GRB central engine. The line intensity decreases with the evolution time, and the time evolution depends on the electron density and the electron temperature. In addition, the initial line with a larger broadening decreases less over time. For instance, when the emission line penetrates material with an electron density above 1012 cm−3 at 1 keV, it generally becomes insignificant enough after 100 s for it not to be detected . The line-like profile deviates from the Gaussian form, and it finally changes to be similar to a blackbody shape at the time of the thermal equilibrium between the line photons and the surrounding material.
Evryscope and K2 Constraints on TRAPPIST-1 Superflare Occurrence and Planetary Habitability
Authors: Glazier Amy L. , Howard Ward S. , Corbett Hank , Law Nicholas M. , Ratzloff Jeffrey K. , Fors Octavi , del Ser Daniel
Published: August 2020

The nearby ultracool dwarf TRAPPIST-1 possesses several Earth-sized terrestrial planets, three of which have equilibrium temperatures that may support liquid surface water, making it a compelling target for exoplanet characterization. TRAPPIST-1 is an active star with frequent flaring, with implications for the habitability of its planets. Superflares (stellar flares whose energy exceeds 1033 erg) can completely destroy the atmospheres of a cool star’s planets, allowing ultraviolet radiation and high-energy particles to bombard their surfaces. However, ultracool dwarfs emit little ultraviolet flux when quiescent, raising the possibility of frequent flares being necessary for prebiotic chemistry that requires ultraviolet light. We combine Evryscope and Kepler observations to characterize the high-energy flare rate of TRAPPIST-1. The Evryscope is an array of 22 small telescopes imaging the entire Southern sky in g′ every two minutes. Evryscope observations, spanning 170 nights over 2 yr, complement the 80 day continuous short-cadence K2 observations by sampling TRAPPIST-1's long-term flare activity. We update TRAPPIST-1's superflare rate, finding a cumulative rate of

superflares per year. We calculate the flare rate necessary to deplete ozone in the habitable-zone planets’ atmospheres, and find that TRAPPIST-1's flare rate is insufficient to deplete ozone if present on its planets. In addition, we calculate the flare rate needed to provide enough ultraviolet flux to power prebiotic chemistry. We find TRAPPIST-1's flare rate is likely insufficient to catalyze some of the Earthlike chemical pathways thought to lead to ribonucleic acid synthesis, and flux due to flares in the biologically relevant UV-B band is orders of magnitude less for any TRAPPIST-1 planet than has been experienced by Earth at any time in its history.
Solar Flare Arcade Modeling: Bridging the Gap from 1D to 3D Simulations of Optically Thin Radiation
Authors: Kerr Graham S. , Allred Joel C. , Polito Vanessa
Published: August 2020

Solar flares are 3D phenomena, but modeling a flare in 3D, including many of the important processes in the chromosphere, is a computational challenge. Accurately modeling the chromosphere is important, even if the transition region and corona are the areas of interest, due to the flow of energy, mass, and radiation through the interconnected layers. We present a solar flare arcade model that aims to bridge the gap between 1D and 3D modeling. Our approach is limited to the synthesis of optically thin emission. Using observed active region loop structures in a 3D domain, we graft simulated 1D flare atmospheres onto each loop, synthesize the emission, and then project that emission onto the 2D observational plane. Emission from SDO/AIA, GOES/XRS, and IRIS/SG Fe xxi
λ1354.1 was forward modeled. We analyze the temperatures, durations, mass flows, and line widths associated with the flare, finding qualitative agreement but certain quantitative differences. Compared to observations, the Doppler shifts are of similar magnitude but decay too quickly. They are not as ordered, containing a larger amount of scatter compared to observations. The duration of gradual phase emission from GOES and AIA emission is also too short. Fe xxi lines are broadened, but not sufficiently. These findings suggest that additional physics is required in our model. The arcade model that we show here as a proof of concept can be extended to investigate other lines and global aspects of solar flares, providing a means to better test the coronal response to models of flare energy injection.
Corrigendum: Echinotermes biriba, a new genus and species of soldierless termite from the Colombian and Peruvian Amazon (Termitidae, Apicotermitinae). ZooKeys 748: 21–30. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.748.24253
Authors: Castro Daniel , Scheffrahn Rudolf H. , Carrijo Tiago F.
Published: August 2020

Our recent description of Echinotermes biriba (Castro et al. 2018) does not clearly define the type repositories as we only give the acronyms “CATAC” and “UF”. The holotype and paratype workers are deposited in the Colección de artrópodos terrestres de la Amazonía Colombiana of the SINCHI Institute in Leticia, Amazonas, Colombia (CATAC).  Additional paratype workers are deposited in the University of Florida Termite Collection at Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, Davie, Florida, United States (UF).
De l’autisme en cascades
Authors: Sinzelle Jérémie , Craus Yann
Published: August 2020

L’histoire de l’autisme connaît une actualité brûlante qui requiert l’attention partagée du clinicien. Cette historiographie complexe poursuit son écriture de l’autisme en cascades à mesure du travail d’archives et de l’analyse critique des textes originaux. Se précisent ainsi les concepts sur lesquels s’appuie la clinique des auteurs dès les origines de la psychiatrie de l’enfant. Les débats scientifiques s’en nourrissent à chaque époque afin d’aboutir à un état de l’art renouvelé où l’autisme reste une construction conceptuelle organisatrice de la psychiatrie de l’enfant et de l’adolescent.
Prevention of Delirium in Older Adults With Dementia: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Schnitker Linda , Nović Adam , Arendts Glenn , Carpenter Christopher R. , LoGiudice Dina , Caplan Gideon A. , Fick Donna M. , Beattie Elizabeth
Published: August 2020

Although dementia is the largest independent risk factor for delirium and leads to poor health outcomes, we know little about how to prevent delirium in persons with dementia (PWD). The purpose of the current systematic literature review was to identify interventions designed to prevent delirium in older PWD. Seven studies meeting inclusion criteria were extracted. Five studies were in the acute care setting and two were community settings. One study used a randomized controlled trial design. Five of the seven interventions comprised multiple components addressing delirium risk factors, including education. Two studies addressed delirium by administration of medication or vitamin supplementation. Using the GRADE framework for the evaluation of study quality, we scored three studies as
moderate
and four studies as
low
. Thus, high-quality research studies to guide how best to prevent delirium in PWD are lacking. Although more research is required, the current review suggests that multicomponent approaches addressing delirium risk factors should be considered by health care professionals when supporting older PWD. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 46
(10), 43–54.]
A contracorriente. Género, compromiso y transgresión en España
Authors: Moreno Seco Mónica
Published: August 2020

Este texto introduce un dosier dedicado a reflexionar sobre las relaciones entre el compromiso y la transgresión en la España contemporánea y actual, desde un enfoque de género. Con aportaciones provenientes de la Historia, la Literatura, la Comunicación, la Sociología y la Filosofía, pretende problematizar las jerarquías que suelen establecerse sobre ideales y experiencias desarrollados por mujeres y hombres en ámbitos progresistas o contraculturales. Además, muestra que la trasgresión surge en contextos de activismo intelectual, político, social o feminista al subvertir el orden de género y promover avances en la igualdad, pero no está libre de tensiones y paradojas.
Contrapunteos de Lydia Cabrera
Authors: Ortiz García Carmen
Published: August 2020

Todavía hoy en la historia de la antropología cuba­na se presta poca atención a la escritora y antropóloga Lydia Cabrera, quien solo muy recientemente ha empezado a formar parte de la nómina intelectual de la cultura cubana oficial. Sin embargo, en función de su obra y trayectoria vital puede consi­derarse a Cabrera como la fundadora moderna de los estudios sobre las religiones afrocubanas.
El objeto central de este texto es analizar el trabajo etnográfico de Lydia Cabrera a partir de la idea de que existe un contrapunteo, un diálogo, un juego metafórico, entre la identidad liminar de la propia autora -manifiesta en un sentido racial, cultural, de género, social y político- y su interés y dedicación a la aportación de los esclavos y la población de origen africano a la historia, a la cultura y, en última instancia, a la identidad misma de su patria cubana.
Fearing the Robot Apocalypse: Correlates of AI Anxiety
Authors: Lemay David J , Basnet Ram B , Doleck Tenzin
Published: August 2020

This study examines the relationship between individuals’ beliefs about AI (Artificial Intelligence) and levels of anxiety with respect to their technology readiness level. In this cross-sectional study, we surveyed 65 students at a southwestern US college. Using partial least squares analysis, we found that technology readiness contributors were significantly and positively related to only one AI anxiety factor: socio-technical illiteracy. In contrast, all four links between technology readiness inhibitors and AI anxiety factors were significant with medium effect sizes. Technology readiness inhibitors are positively related to learning, fears of job replacement, socio-technical illiteracy, and particular AI configurations. Thus, we conclude that AI anxiety runs through a spectrum. It is influenced by real, practical consequences of immediate effects of increased automatization but also by popular representations and discussions of the negative consequences of artificial general intelligence and killer robots and addressing technology readiness is unlikely to mitigate effects of AI anxiety.
QTc prolongation during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak: clinical risk management through hospital training course, focus on elderly patients
Authors: Forni Nicola , Boasi Valentina , Sciole Katiuscia , Borile Silvia , Pingelli Nicoletta , Marra Domenico , Tita Farinella Sara , Cenderello Giovanni , Sanchez Federico Ariel
Published: August 2020

The recent outbreak exposed doctors to a new challenge: treating people without any scientific evidence. All molecules combined in treatment schedules were merged on the basis of weak and anecdotal data so, the recommendations are constantly changing. In this context it is either mandatory for clinicians focusing on the different treatment options and on probable side effects of each molecules. It is well acquired that among elderly within same age group and strain, the outcome will differ according to each patient’s frailty. Moreover, old and frail people are particularly exposed to a double risk: the first one is the age-related mortality and the second one the susceptibility (also age related too) to side effects. Aim of our paper is reporting our experience in reducing toxicity with a constant action of scientific update and subsequent modification in clinical management protocols. Main focus was on frail patients and cardiologic risk-related to hydroxychloroquine.
Low-Frequency Electroacupuncture at Acupoints Guanyuan (CV4) and Zhongji (CV3) Lengthen Ejaculatory Latency and Improves Sexual Behavior in Male Rats
Authors: Huang Andy C. , Liu Ming-Che , Tsai Tung-Hu , Chang Ya-Han , Wu Jia-Min , Yeh Kuei-Ying
Published: August 2020

Acupuncture is a key component of Traditional Chinese Medicine in which needles are inserted into specific areas in the body to stimulate certain physiological reactions of the body. Clinical research shows that acupuncture is beneficial in treating a variety of illnesses, such as erectile dysfunction. Therefore, we investigated the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation of both low- and high frequencies at Guanyuan (CV4) and Zhongji (CV3) acupoints on male copulatory behavior in sexually experienced male rats. The animals were randomly divided into four groups: control, sham EA, EA, and only acupuncture. The administered low and high EA were 2 Hz and 80 Hz, respectively, for which the respective intensities were 1.5 mA (30 min/day for 5 days) and 1.5 mA (30 min once). The only acupuncture-administered group received acupunctures at CV4 and CV3 without electrical stimulation. Following the acupuncture treatments, copulatory behavior test was conducted. Eventually, animals were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for testing the serum hormonal profile including luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T), and serotonin (5-HT). Results showed that low-frequency EA-treated rats exhibited increasing intromissions and ejaculation latency compared to control, sham EA, and acupuncture groups, while high-frequency EA-treated rats displayed lower intromissions and ejaculation frequency when compared with those in controls. Furthermore, serum levels of 5-HT and LH in low-frequency EA-treated rats were higher than all the other groups. These results indicate that compared to high-frequency EA, the low-frequency EA might be efficacious in the treatment of premature ejaculation, thereby improving sexual behavior.
Administration of Low-dose Resveratrol Attenuated Hepatic Inflammation and Lipid Accumulation in High Cholesterol-fructose Diet-induced Rat Model of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Chang Chih-Chun , Chang Chieh-Yu , Lin Pei-Chun , Huang Jiung-Pang , Chen Kuan-Hsing , Yen Tzung-Hai , Hung Li-Man
Published: August 2020

Resveratrol (RSV) has been demonstrated to ameliorate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in animal studies. However, RSV was given with the dosage that ranged from 7 to 300 mg/kg body weight (BW). Hence, the study aimed to investigate the efficacy of RSV at a lower dosage on high cholesterol-fructose diet (HCFD)-induced rat model of NAFLD. In the study, male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with HCFD for 15 weeks. RSV was also given at a daily dose of 1 mg/kg BW for 15 days or 15 weeks by oral delivery. At sacrifice, plasma and liver specimens were acquired for detections of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, proinflammatory cytokines, and lipid contents. Histological examinations and Western blotting analysis were performed using liver tissues. The results showed that RSV administration reduced plasma levels of aminotransferases and proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in HCFD-induced NAFLD. RSV also mitigated hepatic lipid accumulation and expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Besides, phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was reduced with RSV supplementation in the liver of HCFD-fed rats. We concluded that low-dose RSV supplementation attenuated hepatic inflammation and lipid accumulation in HCFD-induced NAFLD. The ameliorative effect of RSV on NAFLD could be associated with downregulation of phosphorylated STAT3.
Novel Regulation of PKC-induced Inflammation by Akt and Protein Phosphatase 2A in Ovarian Granulosa Cells
Authors: Lin Yen-Yu , Sun David , Wu Yuh-Lin
Published: August 2020

PKC-mediated inflammation is important in ovarian physiology. The roles of Akt and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) in PKC-mediated inflammation in ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) remain mostly unclear. PKC activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate induced the Akt phosphorylation in rat primary GCs but reduced the Akt phosphorylation in KGN human GCs. In rat GCs, an inhibitory effect of PI3K inhibitor wortmannin and a stimulatory effect of Akt activator SC79 on PKC-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/PGE2production were noted; wortmannin and SC79 acted oppositely in human GCs. In rat GCs, PP2A inhibitor okadaic acid further enhanced the PKC-mediated promoter activation and elevation of mRNA and protein levels of the COX-2 gene, whereas PP2A activator sodium selenate attenuated the PKC-mediated COX-2 expression and promoter activation. PKC activation did not affect PP2A phosphorylation, but okadaic acid indeed augmented the PKC-induced NF-κB nuclear translocation. Thus, PP2A appears to act as a negative modulator in PKC-mediated cellular inflammation in rat GCs, at least in part due to its attenuating effect on the PKC-induced NF-κB activation.
Left orderable surgeries of double twist knots II
Authors: The Khoi Vu , Teragaito Masakazu , Tran Anh T.
Published: August 2020

A slope r is called a left orderable slope of a knot

$K \subset S^3$
if the 3-manifold obtained by r-surgery along K has left orderable fundamental group. Consider double twist knots

$C(2m, \pm 2n)$
and

$C(2m+1, -2n)$
in the Conway notation, where

$m \ge 1$
and

$n \ge 2$
are integers. By using continuous families of hyperbolic

${\mathrm {SL}}_2(\mathbb {R})$
-representations of knot groups, it was shown in [8, 16] that any slope in

$(-4n, 4m)$
(resp.

$ [0, \max \{4m, 4n\})$
) is a left orderable slope of

$C(2m, 2n)$
(resp.

$C(2m, - 2n)$
) and in [6] that any slope in

$(-4n,0]$
is a left orderable slope of

$C(2m+1,-2n)$
. However, the proofs of these results are incomplete, since the continuity of the families of representations was not proved. In this paper, we complete these proofs, and, moreover, we show that any slope in

$(-4n, 4m)$
is a left orderable slope of

$C(2m+1,-2n)$
detected by hyperbolic

${\mathrm {SL}}_2(\mathbb {R})$
-representations of the knot group.
Flour functionality, chemical and sensory properties of cookies from trifoliate yam flour-soybean blends
Authors: Olawuyi Y.O. , Oyetola F.
Published: August 2020

Trifoliate yam was used to produce flour which was enriched with soybean flour at varying substitution levels and used to produce cookies. The cookies were analysed for their proximate content, nutritional content and sensory evaluation were carried out on them. The flour was analyzed for its physicochemical, properties. The results showed that enriching trifoliate yam flour with soybean flour increased the protein content. There was also an increase in the fat content with increase in the substitution level. The sensory evaluation showed that the cookie made at 20% substitution level had the highest overall acceptability score. Enrichment of trifoliate yam flour with soy flour at levels of 10% to 30% resulted in a notable increase in the protein content, which is nutritionally advantageous where many cannot afford foods that are rich in protein because of its cost.

Keywords: Trifoliate yam; flour; soybean; cookies
Production of a cereal based product (Ogi): Influence of co-fermentation with powdered garlic and ginger on the microbiome
Authors: Olaniran A.F. , Abiose S.H. , Adeniran H.A. , Gbadamosi S.O. , Iranloye Y.M.
Published: August 2020

Many African foods undergo lactic acid fermentation; alterations of these germane microorganisms during fermentation of ogi can affect its acceptability as a weaning food. Effects of garlic and ginger on microorganisms’ load during the production of fermented cereal (ogi) from quality protein maize were explored. Powdered garlic and ginger individually and mixed at ratio (2 and 4%) resulted in 7 treatments. The microbial loads were enumerated, isolates identified, pH and total titratable acidity were also determined. Ogi with 4% garlic-2% ginger had the lowest microbial count value (19.5×107cfu/ g). Ogi containing 4% garlic-2% ginger had the best effect on microbial loads. 4 Lactic acid bacteria were prominent while 6 yeast isolates were identified. Garlic inhibited the growth of Candida utilis, Candida mycoderma, Candida tropicalis and Candida krusei. Combination of ginger-garlic exerted better synergistic effect and addition of garlic and ginger did not affect important microorganisms involved in the fermentation of ogi.

Keywords: Ogi, quality protein maize, sorghum, powdered garlic-ginger, co-fermentation, microbiome
Le plasma convalescent COVID-19 est-il une option pour l'Afrique?
Authors: Oreh A.C.
Published: August 2020

No Abstract.
Abattoir-based prevalence of avian tuberculosis in chicken slaughtered at Poultry abattoir in Bishoftu, Central Ethiopia
Authors: Mamo Gezahegne
Published: August 2020

A cross-sectional abattoir-based study was conducted in apparently healthy chicken in Bishoftu town, Ethiopia to estimate the prevalence of avian tuberculosis and isolate its causative agent. The occurrence of avian tuberculosis was investigated using postmortem examination, bacteriological culture and acid-fast staining methods. Of the total 648 chicken examined to detect avian tuberculosis, 42 tissue samples showing gross pathological tuberculous-like lesions were collected from liver, spleen and intestine. The overall prevalence of avian tuberculosis in poultry was 6.48% (42/648) (95%CI: 4.53-8.38) on the basis of detailed postmortem examination. Out of 42 tissue samples cultured on Lowenstein-Jensen medium, 14 (33.3%) were bacteriologically culture positive and showed growth of dough-shaped smooth colony characteristic and out of these 14 culture positive samples, 5 (35.7%) were acid-fast positive mycobacteria. Statistical significant difference was observed in the prevalence of avian TB among chicken with different body condition scoring (χ2 = 23.593, p =0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis for risk factors showed that body condition scoring has a high statistical significant association with the prevalence of avian tuberculosis in the study area (p<0.05). Poor body conditioned chicken were more likely to show TB lesions (OR=4.45, 95% CI, 2.33- 8.52) than good body conditioned chicken. The present preliminary study on avian TB using postmortem lesion examination and microbiological methods revealed the occurrence of avian TB in low prevalence inapparently healthy chicken originated from intensive poultry farms in Bishoftu area; hence detail poultry meat inspection should be practiced at poultry abattoirs in order to reduce the public health risk.

Keywords: Abattoir, Avian tuberculosis, Postmortem examination, Poultry, Ethiopia
Geohelminth infection, anemia, and malnourishment in Bawa, Cameroon after ten years of intervention by the Bawa Health Initiative
Authors: Richardson D.J. , Gross J.A. , Tsekeng P. , Dondji B.
Published: August 2020

The Bawa Health Initiative (BHI) was established in 2005 with the goal of initiating a comprehensive public health care program in Bawa, a rural village in the West region of Cameroon. Interventions undertaken include a comprehensive helminth control program, provision of water filters, sanitary latrines, insecticide-treated bed nets, and a health education program. Data gathered from citizens of Bawa during Dec 2017, were obtained from the Sophie Awounke Community Health Center in Bawa, Cameroon. These data including prevalence of geohelminth infection, morphometric data, and hemoglobin concentrations were compared to data gathered in previous surveys conducted by BHI in 2007 and 2010 to assess the effectiveness of interventions implemented by the organization. All metrics indicate substantial improvement in the overall health of the citizens of Bawa, evidenced by decreases in the occurrence of anemia, prevalence of malnourished, undernourished and stunted individuals and in the prevalence and intensity of geohelminths. These data strongly suggest that public health interventions implemented by BHI have been effective in reducing the burden of disease and increasing the overall well-being of the citizens of Bawa, Cameroon and surrounding villages.Keywords: Ascariasis, trichuriasis, hookworm infection
Prediction of the potential invasion of Lantana Camara L. (Verbenaceae) an exotic plant species in Côte d'Ivoire from a modeling approach
Authors: Pagny Franck Placide Junior , Mevanly Ouattara , Abrou N’Gouan Emmanuel Joël , Tiébre Marie-Solange
Published: August 2020

Invasive alien plant species represent a great threat to the integrity of ecosystems. Acquiring information on the dynamics of these species on a cartographic basis constitutes a tool for their sustainable management. Among these species, Lantana camara L., known for its environmental and agronomic impacts, is currently reported in several localities of Côte d'Ivoire. The general objective of this study is to model the ecological niche of this species over the entire country. To do so, 89 points occurrences and 19 current and future bioclimatic variables were collected to model the potential distribution of this species on the basis of the RCP 8.5 scenario as part of the HadGEM2-ES climate model. This is 75% of presence data (67 points) used for model calibration and 25% (22 points) for testing. At the end of the modeling carried out with the MaxEnt software, the areas suitable for the species are characterized by low temperatures and heavy rainfall., under current climatic conditions, approximately 65,782.40 km², or 20% of the national territory, is suitable for the invasion of L. camara. Azagny National Park, Banco National Park, and the Iles Nature Reserve Ehotiles have distributions with high probability of the presence of the species. By 2050, the climate projects high temperatures and low precipitation in the future. The results show that by adapting to this new climatic range, the L. camara proliferation area will increase to 78,036.05 km², or 24% of the national territory. An upward trend, with a rate of change of 18.6, has been observed in the favorable areas of this area. To maintain the normal functioning of ecosystems and the sustainability of ecosystem services, the areas that have been identified as the most vulnerable to the invasion of L. camara must be the subject of control strategies of this species.

Keywords: Lantana camara, Species modeling, MaxEnt, Côte d’Ivoire, RCP scenario 8.5.
Production et valeur nutritive de fourrages de pois Mascate (Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. var. utilis (Wall. ex Wight) Baker ex Burck) cv. Ghana cultivé dans le Centre et Nord bassin arachidier sénégalais
Authors: Diatta Ambroise , Dieng Abdoulaye , Diaw Mamadou Tandiang , Nesseim Thierry Daniel Tamsir , Ndiaye Saliou
Published: August 2020

L’insuffisance des ressources fourragères naturelles constitue une contrainte majeure au développement de l’élevage des ruminants dans le Centre et Nord bassin arachidier sénégalais. Pour y faire face, il faut recourir à des techniques telles que la culture fourragère. L’objectif est donc d’étudier la production de fourrage de Mucuna pruriens dans la zone et de déterminer sa valeur nutritive. Du fourrage frais de 79-84 jours et des foins de 60, 75 et 90 jours ont été produits. Les rendements ont été mesurés, les fourrages analysés, les compostions chimiques et les valeurs nutritives déterminées. Les rendements sont globalement faibles, 1,16 à 1,50 t MS/ ha, mais comparables à certains rapportés dans la littérature. Le fourrage frais est plus riche en protéines brutes que les foins, soit 19,56 contre 14,16 à 18,65% de la MS, moins fibreux, soit 27,26 contre 33,82 à 35,27% de la MS et plus nutritif, soit 150,65 contre 96,60 à 141,48 g/ kg MS de protéine brute digestible et 0,70 contre 0,67 à 0,69 UF/ kg MS. Parmi les foins, celui de 75 jours offre un léger avantage. En définitive, cette culture reste possible dans cette zone et peut y être préconisée en vue d’une atténuation du déficit fourrager.

Mots clés : Rendement, composition chimique, fourrage frais, foins, valeur azotée, valeur énergétique.

English Title: Production and nutritional value of Muscat pea fodder (Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. var. utilis (Wall. ex Wight) Baker ex Burck) cv. Ghana cultivated in the Center and North senegalese groundnut basin

The insufficiency of natural fodder resources constitutes a major constraint to the development of ruminant farming in the Central and Northern senegalese groundnut basin. To deal with this, techniques such as forage cultivation must be used. The objective is therefore to study the forage production of Mucuna pruriens in the area and determine its nutritional value. Fresh forage of 79-84 days and hay of 60, 75 and 90 days were produced. Yields were measured, forages analyzed, chemical compositions and nutrient values determined. Yields are generally low, 1.16 to 1.50 t DM / ha, but comparable to some reported in the literature. Fresh forage is richer in crude protein than hay, 19.56 against 14.16 to 18.65% DM, less fibrous, 27.26 against 33.82 to35.27% DM and more nutritious, 150.65 against 96.60 to 141.48 g/kg DM of digestible crude protein and 0.70 against 0.67 to 0.69 UF /kg DM. Among the hays, that of 75 days offers a slight advantage. Ultimately, this crop remains possible in this area and can be recommended there with a view to reducing the fodder deficit.Keywords: Yield, chemical composition, fresh fodder, hay, nitrogen value, energy value.
Réponses physiologiques par poste de jeu des footballeurs d’élite lors d’un match éprouvant dans un environnement chaud et humide
Authors: Kayilou J.M. Bazaba , Boussana Alain , Aikpe Judith F. Ahounou , Dansou Pierre H. , Gbenou Joachim D.
Published: August 2020

Malgré la hausse de la température atmosphérique pendant la grande saison de pluies, la Fédération Congolaise de Football (FECOFOOT) organise les matchs à 14 heures. Dans le but d’évaluer les paramètres physiologiques des footballeurs par poste de jeu et la distance totale qu’ils parcourent au cours d’un match éprouvant de football en république du Congo. Un match test a été organisé à une température de 39 °C et une humidité relative de 60 %. La fréquence cardiaque d’effort (170,4 ± 8,73 bpm), la température corporelle centrale (37,06 ± 0,20 °C) ainsi que la quantité d’eau consommée au cours du match (2,28 ± 0,37 L) des attaquants étaient plus élevées que les autres joueurs. Par contre, la perte hydrique (3,55 ± 0,55%), la dépense énergétique (868,00 ± 99,52 kcal) et la distance totale parcourue (8,95 ± 0,47 km) des milieux de terrain étaient supérieures aux autres joueurs. Le football pratiqué dans un environnement chaud et humide entraine une contrainte physiologique élevée responsable de la contre performance des footballeurs.

 Mots clés : Perte hydrique, performance, footballeur, climat chaud et humide, R. Congo.

 

English Title: Physiological responses by playing position of elite footballers during a challenging match in a hot and humid environment

Despite the rise in atmospheric temperature during the great rainy season, the Congolese Football Federation (FECOFOOT) organizes the matches at 2 pm. For the purpose of evaluating the physiological parameters and the total distance travelled by footballers per playing position during a challenging football match in the republic of Congo. A test match was held in a hot and humid environment with a temperature of 38 °C and a relative humidity of 60%. The exertion heart rate (170.4 ± 8.73 bpm), core body temperature (37.06 ± 0.20 °C) and the amount of water consumed during the match (2.28 ± 0.37 L) of the strikers were higher than those of the other players. In contrast, water loss (3.55 ± 0.55%), energy expenditure (868.00 ± 99.52 kcal) and total distance travelled (8.95 ± 0.47 km) from midfielders were higher than other players. Football played in a hot and humid environment leads to a high physiological stress responsible for the counter-performance of footballers.

Keywords: Water loss, performance, football player, hot and humid climate, R. Congo.
Assessment of adoption of improved sweet potato production technologies among farmers in Ohaji/Egbema Local Government Area of Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: Egwuonwu H.A . , Ozor C.P.
Published: August 2020

The study assessed adoption of improved sweet potato production technologies among farmers in Ohaji/Egbema Local Government Area of Imo  State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to describe the socio-economic characteristics of the farmers; ascertained the stages of adoption of improved sweet potato production technology and identified the constraints to the adoption of improved sweet potato production technologies  among farmers in the study area. Multi stage sampling procedure was used in the selection of 60 sweet potato farmers. Data were collected with the aid of structured and validated questionnaire. Descriptive statistical tools (frequency, percentages and mean) were used to analyze the data generated. Findings on the socio-economic characteristics revealed that the mean age of sweet potatoes farmers in the study area was 35.5years, 55% of them were female, majority were married (65.0%), average household size was eight persons with an average monthly income of N21, 500 and an average farm size of 1.1ha. Majority of the farmers were literate (51.6%), an average farming experience was 13 years, majority (85.5%)  belonged to social organization and (61.7%) of farmers had contact with extension officers. The majority (78.3%) of the farmers were aware of the improved technologies of sweet potato while most farmers adopted 10 out of the 14 improved sweet potato technologies. In the overall, (51.7%) adopted the improved sweet potato. Major constraints to adoption of improved sweet potato were low consumer preference associated with sweet potato products (75.0%), lack of capital (70.0%), unavailability of land for cultivation (65.0%), high cost of labour (61.7%) and lack of market to sell increase quantity of sweet potato (55.0%). Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that extension agents should help farmers to increase adoption by intensifing campaigns and trainings on sweet potato technology through community- level education program. Also, government should intervene in the problems of high cost and unavailability of such farm inputs as fertilizer and agrochemicals by strengthening  the input delivery system of the extension service in order to increase their adoption of sweet potato production technologies.

Keywords: Sweet potato, Improved production technologies, Adoption.
Inland fisheries: Status, management and related conflicts in the niger delta, Nigeria
Authors: Nwaka S.U. , Isangedighi I.A. , Isemin N.L.
Published: August 2020

The importance of inland fisheries sector cannot be over-emphasized and its significance in providing food security and generating local income is not in doubt. Production from inland open water capture fisheries is declining due to over-exploitation and habitat degradation. The rapidly declining catch from fish landing is a possible indication that the fish yields of most Nigerian inland waters are generally low for causes that may range from inadequate management of fisheries to degradation of water bodies. Artisanal fishing in the Niger Delta is faced with myriads of obstacles emanating from human activities; one of these problems being the menace of the commercial fishing trawlers and activities of the oil companies in the area. The local supply of fish and fishery products consists of production from the artisanal (85%), industrial (14%) and Aquaculture (1%) subsectors. The high activity level in the Niger Delta has exposed the area to the dangers of pollution of water, land and air as well as oil spills which have endangered aquatic life as well as the entire ecosystem, topography and surface vegetation leading to loss of biodiversity and conflicts. The contribution of fisheries to the nation economy is very significant in terms of employment, income generation, poverty alleviation, foreign exchange earnings and provision of raw materials for the animal feed industry. In order for biodiversity conservation to be effective, management measures must be broad based.

Keywords: Inland Fisheries, Aquaculture, Over-exploitation, Sustainable, and Pollution.
Response of Schizolobium parahyba seedlings to water stress
Authors: Duarte Daiane Marques , Rocha Gabriela Teodoro , Resende Cecília Leão Pereira , Silva Bruno Melo , Rodrigues Fabricio
Published: August 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar mecanismos de resposta ao estresse hídrico em mudas de Schizolobium parahyba Vell. Blake. Aos 90 dias após a emergência, as plantas foram submetidas a 10 dias de déficit hídrico, sendo irrigadas com diferentes porcentagens de evapotranspiração (20, 40, 60, 80 e 100%), por mais dez dias. No estágio inicial de desenvolvimento, as mudas de Schizolobium parahyba apresentaram tolerância parcial ao déficit hídrico causado e apresentaram um atraso na desidratação. Como estratégia de defesa, as plantas reduziram seu crescimento em altura, diâmetro e número de folhas, direcionando a produção de fotoassimilados para sua manutenção, com baixa taxa de transpiração.