bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synoptic background of the Adriatic Sea high-frequency sea-level extremes
Authors: Ruić Krešimir , Šepić Jadranka , Vojković Marin
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Large oscillations in sea-level can pose significant threats to coastal communities and endanger infrastructure. The large sea-level variations are driven by different physical processes that occur on various spatial and temporal scales. This study focuses on the high-frequency component (periods shorter than 2 hours) of sea-level oscillations, particularly those induced by atmospheric processes. Episodes of extreme high-frequency sea level oscillations were identified at six tide gauge stations in the Adriatic Sea using the peak-over-threshold method. The length of time series was ~17 years. Characteristic synoptic situations preceding the Extremes were extracted using the k-medoid clustering method applied on the ERA5 reanalysis data. Analyses were conducted on the following ERA5 fields: mean sea-level pressure (MSLP), temperature at 850 hPa, and geopotential at 500 hPa. The structural similarity index measure (SSIM) was used as the distance metric. The data were divided into a training set (from the start of measurements to the beginning of 2018) and a testing set (from the beginning of 2018 to the end of 2020). For each station, k-medoid method was applied for selection of both 2 and 3 characteristic clusters. Two types of synoptic situations leading to extreme high-frequency sea level oscillations were extracted for all stations: “bad-weather” situation which favours both storm surges and intense high-frequency sea level oscillations, and “good-weather” situation which favours only intense high-frequency sea-level oscillations. The two situations mostly differ in surface fields, with the “bad-weather” situation characterised by larger MSLP gradients over the Adriatic and stronger surface winds. At higher levels, situations are more similar, and mostly described by inflow of warm air from the south-west and strong westerly to south-westerly jet stream. Inclusion of the third clusters led to refinement of one of two characteristic situations at all stations aside for Bakar and Rovinj where it led to a new “bora (strong north-easterly wind) -favourable” situation. The extracted clusters were used to label all days of the testing period, with particular attention given to days in which episodes of extreme high-frequency sea-level oscillations occurred. The potential of using k-medoid method for future prediction of these high-frequency, atmospherically induced sea-level oscillations is discussed.
Remote sensing-based high-resolution mapping of the forest canopy height: some models are useful, but might they be even more if combined?
Authors: Besic Nikola , Picard Nicolas , Vega Cédric , Hertzog Lionel , Renaud Jean-Pierre , Fogel Fajwel , Pellissier-Tanon Agnès , Destouet Gabriel , Planells-Rodriguez Milena , Ciais Philippe
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The development of high-resolution mapping models for forest attributes based on remote sensing data combined with machine or deep learning techniques, has become a prominent topic in the field of forest observation and monitoring. This has resulted in an extensive availability of multiple sources of information, which can either lead to a potential confusion, or to the possibility to learn both about models and about forest attributes through the joint interpretation of multiple models. This article seeks to endorse the latter, by relying on the Bayesian model averaging (BMA) approach, which can be used to diagnose and interpret differences among predictions of different models. The predictions in our case are the forest canopy height estimations for the metropolitan France coming from five different models (Lang et al., 2023; Liu et al., 2023; Morin et al., 2022; Potapov et al., 2021; Schwartz et al., 2024). An independent reference dataset, containing four different definitions of the forest height (dominant, mean, maximum and Lorey’s), comes from the French National Forest Inventory (NFI) providing some 5 500 plots used in the study, distributed across the entire area of interest. In this contribution, we line up the evoked models with respect to their probabilities to be the ones generating measurements/estimations at the NFI plots. Stratifying the probabilities based on French sylvo-ecological regions reveals spatial variation in the respective model probabilities across the area of interest. Furthermore, we observe significant variability in these probabilities depending on the forest height definition used. This leads us to infer that the different models inadvertently exhibit dominant predictions for different types of canopy height. We also present the respective inter-model and intra-model variance estimations, allowing us to come to understand where the employed models have comparable weights but contrasted predictions. We show that the mountainous terrain has an important impact on the models spread. Moreover, we observe that the forest stand vertical structure, the dominant tree species and the type of forest ownership systematically appear to be statistically significant factors influencing the models divergence. Finally, we demonstrate that the derived mixture models exhibit higher R2 scores and lower RMSE values compared to individual models, although they may not necessarily exhibit lower biases.
1H enhanced 103Rh NMR spectroscopy and relaxometry of Rh(acac)3 in solution
Authors: Harbor-Collins Harry , Sabba Mohamed , Leutzsch Markus , Levitt Malcolm Harris
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Recently-developed polarisation-transfer techniques are applied to the 103Rh NMR of the Rh(acac)3 coordination complex in solution. Four-bond 1H-103Rh J-couplings of around 0.39 Hz are exploited to enhance the 103Rh NMR signal and to estimate the 103Rh T1 and T2 relaxation times as a function of field and temperature. The 103Rh longitudinal T1 relaxation in Rh(acac)3 is shown to be dominated by the spin-rotation mechanism, with an additional field-dependent contribution from the 103Rh chemical shift anisotropy.
Gerencia disruptiva en las organizaciones: análisis desde la gestión financiera
Authors: Anaya Yances Freddy , Anaya Narváez Alfredo R. , Buelvas Sierra Ramón B.
Published: June 2024

La gerencia disruptiva es una forma de abordar el manejo de las organizaciones que se contrapone a los lineamientos del modelo de gerencia tradicional, la cual se implementa particularmente ante situaciones externas o internas que generan desorden o desequilibrio y que impactan negativamente la actividad económica en la que se desenvuelven las empresas, como sucedió con ocasión de la pandemia generada por el Covid -19, que provocó un deterioro en las finanzas, la rentabilidad y, por tanto, atentó contra la estabilidad de las empresas. En este sentido, el propósito de la presente investigación consistió en analizar la utilidad de la gerencia disruptiva en la era post – Covid, desde la gestión financiera, por lo cual se inserta en el paradigma interpretativo, haciendo uso del enfoque cualitativo, acompañado del método inductivo, utilizando la técnica de recolección de información a través de la revisión bibliográfica. Como resultado se pudo establecer que, la gerencia disruptiva es un enfoque útil para la gestión del cambio y la transformación empresarial, que requiere, entre otros, de la innovación de los procesos, alejándose de las prácticas tradicionales y modelos usuales de gerencia, esto, sin embargo, también implicó asumir un riesgo que no toda empresa está dispuesta a hacer, pero que en situaciones como la generada por el Covid-19 se hizo necesaria, puesto que hubo que adoptar estrategias novedosas para afrontar un fenómeno extraordinario y sin antecedente reciente que tuvo incidencias sobre los aspectos financieros y contables. Se concluyó que, tanto la economía colombiana como la mundial tuvieron graves afectaciones socioeconómicas por la pandemia, las empresas vieron comprometidas sus finanzas y por ende las que sobrevivieron debieron cambiar su forma de hacer negocios y adoptar cambios en su organización en general, las cuales han permanecido después de declarada la endemia.
Gestión del Cambio: Estrategias y Desafíos en la Implementación de Políticas Innovadoras
Authors: Buendia Giribaldi Atilio Rodolfo , Chilet Cama Shirley Emperatriz
Published: June 2024

Este estudio aborda el problema de la implementación exitosa de políticas innovadoras en entornos empresariales, reconociendo la importancia de una gestión del cambio ágil y adaptativa en este proceso. La importancia radica en la necesidad de comprender cómo la gestión del cambio influye en la aceptación y adopción de políticas innovadoras, dado el contexto organizacional en constante evolución. El objetivo de investigación fue evaluar el impacto de la gestión del cambio ágil y adaptativa en la consecución exitosa de la implementación de políticas innovadoras. Los resultados revelaron una correlación positiva entre una comunicación interna efectiva y la disposición de los empleados para adoptar políticas innovadoras, así como una relación significativa entre la percepción de la gestión del cambio y la disposición para la innovación. Como sugerencia para la práctica organizacional, se recomienda invertir en mejorar la gestión del cambio y la comunicación interna para facilitar la implementación de políticas innovadoras. Sin embargo, se reconoce la necesidad de abordar las limitaciones del estudio, como el tamaño de la muestra y la naturaleza transversal de los datos, para futuras investigaciones y desarrollos teóricos en este campo.
Acoso en la universidad española: un análisis de casos
Authors: Munuera Gómez Pilar , Martínez López José Ángel
Published: June 2024

La existencia de grupos de investigación, autoridades y cursos de formación sobre mediación han favorecido la consolidación de esta técnica en la comunidad universitaria. En estos momentos la mayoría de las universidades españolas han incorporado la mediación a través de distintos decretos y protocolos. En España la Ley 3/2022, de 24 de febrero, de convivencia universitaria, fomenta la utilización de la mediación en aquellos conflictos que surgen con relación a sus funciones esenciales: la formación (docencia), la investigación (difusión), la gestión y la transferencia del conocimiento, siempre al servicio de la ciencia, cultura, calidad de la vida y desarrollo socioeconómico de la sociedad. Sin embargo, a pesar de que la citada Ley de Convivencia Universitaria abre el camino para la puesta en marcha de servicios de mediación para gestionar y resolver los conflictos que presenta la comunidad universitaria en su exclusividad.
Los resultados de las investigaciones sobre su utilización demuestran su eficacia, siendo subvencionadas por organismos nacionales o internacionales, cambiando la forma de resolver los conflictos en la mayoría de los procesos judiciales.El objetivo de este estudio es establecer una tipología de los conflictos que se presentan en la universidad relacionados con las situaciones de acoso. Para ello se ha utilizado una metodología cualitativa que ha permitido establecer una clasificación de los conflictos que se presentan con relación al acoso en la universidad. Entre las principales conclusiones extraídas se encuentra que la mediación puede ser utilizada para resolver los conflictos de acoso que se producen en la universidad. A la vez que aumenta la percepción de la calidad de los servicios universitarios por la experiencia previas desarrolladas en determinadas universidades internacionales. Entre las propuestas futuras se encuentra la necesidad de que estos servicios sean publicaos al resto de la sociedad para que puedan acudir personas externas a la universidad.
Tensiones y expectativas en el constitucionalismo pluralista de América Latina: Derechos colectivos versus derechos individuales.
Authors: Gómez Pellón Eloy
Published: June 2024

Todavía a comienzos del último cuarto del siglo xx se hallaba plenamente vigente el modelo integracionista en el constitucionalismo latinoamericano, merced al cual los colectivos indígenas eran reconocidos como simples minorías étnicas. A partir de entonces, una concepción cada vez más pluralista, condescendiente con los efectos del multiculturalismo inscrito en la Constitución de Canadá de 1982, y también con el texto del Convenio 169 de la OIT de 1989, condujo al constitucionalismo latinoamericano a la adopción de perfiles progresivamente más pluriculturales, como muestra la Constitución de Colombia de 1991. La Declaración de la ONU sobre los derechos de los pueblos indígenas (2007) dará pábulo a las nuevas constituciones plurinacionales de Ecuador (2008) y de Bolivia (2009). El reconocimiento de los colectivos indígenas, unas veces como pueblos y otras como comunidades o naciones, conlleva la aceptación de un derecho consuetudinario indígena y una jurisdicción indígena, así como de los correspondientes procedimientos de resolución de conflictos. La articulación compleja de los derechos estatales y los indígenas o comunitarios ha suscitado intensos debates, en torno a cuestiones tan fundamentales como las del ámbito de aplicación del derecho indígena, la determinación de las fronteras de los colectivos indígenas, la pertinencia de la excepción cultural y las relativas a la problemática convivencia de los derechos humanos y los derechos culturales.
Liquidity Management in Pakistani Firms: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Ali Hyder , Kumar Suresh , Sajjad Waseem , Asim Muhammad
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the factors affecting corporate cash holdings among Pakistani firms, utilizing a comprehensive analysis through multiple regression models, including OLS, fixed effects, and Fama-MacBeth methodologies. The results consistently demonstrate significant relationships between cash held by companies and various factors that are specific to firms such as market-to-book ratio, firm size, leverage, cash flow from operations, net-working capital, long-term investments, and cash flow variations. Key findings indicate that companies having greater growth potential maintain higher amount of cash, supporting the trade-off theory, while larger firms hold less cash, reflecting their better access to external financing. The negative association between borrowing and cash-holdings aligns with the pecking-order theory, and the positive association between capital expenditures and cash held by companies supports the precautionary motive. This study makes the contribution to the current research on corporate finance by providing evidence on the liquidity management practices of firms in a developing economy context, offering insights that are particularly relevant for policymakers, financial managers, and investors. The robustness of the results across different models underscores the reliability of the findings, enhancing the understanding of how various factors influence corporate cash holdings.
Financial Development, ICT Use, Renewable Energy Consumption and Foreign Direct Investment Impacts on Environmental Degradation in OIC Countries
Authors: Iram Maria , Zameer Sahrish , Asghar Muhammad Muzammil , Kalsoom Umm-e-
Published: June 2024

This article examines the influence of financial development, ICT use, FDI and renewable energy on environmental degradation in 38 OIC countries using panel data from 2003 to 2021. For data estimation, the authors employed the CD test, slope homogeneity test, CIPS and CADF test, FGLS model, PCSE model and Dumitrescu Hurlin panel causality test. It is found that the variables have cross-sectional dependence, slope heterogeneity, heteroskedasticity, and autocorrelation in a model. The Westerlund test of cointegration also ensures the cointegration among variables in a model while panel unit root tests found the mixed integration order of variables. The FGLS model shows that FD and renewable energy consumption negatively and significantly influence CO2 emissions in OIC countries. The outcomes also show that the use of ICT and FDI inflows in OIC countries are positively related to CO2 emissions. The PCSEs model is used as a robustness estimation technique which also confirms the estimates of the FGLS model. The authors suggested that financial development should be promoted to finance green energy projects, design regulatory policies to prevent polluted technology from the FDI inflows and to prevent the harmful effects of ICT on the environment, the use of green energy resources in ICT use should be promoted.
Ceza İnfaz Kurumlarında Personel-Mahpus İlişkisine Yönelik Uluslararası İnsan Hakları Standartları
Authors: Yazar Ertuğrul
Published: June 2024

Ceza infaz kurumları, adli bir makam tarafından hakkında tutuklama kararı verilen veya hüküm giyen mahpuslarla ilgilenmek üzere kanuni düzeyde oluşturulmuş kamu kurumlarıdır. Bu kurumlar duvarlar, çitler, kapıları kilitli bir bina ve parmaklıklı pencerelerden ziyade insanlarla ilgilidir. Güvenlikli, iyi yönetilen ve insani bir ceza infaz kurumu sisteminin anahtarı personel ve personelin mahpuslarla ilişkisinin niteliğidir. Personel-mahpus ilişkileri tüm hapishane sisteminin merkezinde yer almaktadır. Bu nedenle, bir ceza infaz kurumunun iyi düzen ve iyi yönetim ilkeleri çerçevesinde yönetilmesi personel-mahpus ilişkisinin sağlıklı bir zeminde ilerlemesine bağlıdır.
Personel ve mahpus arasında çatışma yerine yapıcı ilişkiler kurulması gerilimin, şiddet olaylarının ve kötü muamelenin ortaya çıkma olasılığının azalmasını sağlar. Dinamik güvenlik olgusuyla ifade edilen bu yaklaşım sonucu kurum güvenliği de artar. Çalışma, ceza infaz kurumlarında yönetimi en zor alanlardan birini oluşturan personel-mahpus ilişkisine odaklanmakta ve uluslararası insan hakları hukuku standartları çerçevesinde bu ilişkinin olumlu düzeyde seyrini etkileyen faktörleri belirlemeye ve bir kültür haline getirerek içselleştirmenin önemini açıklamaya çalışmaktadır. Denetim mekanizmalarının da irdelemesi gerektiği bu faktörler; “personelin işe alınma ve seçim kriterleri”, “personel sayısı, çeşitliliği ve uzmanlığı”, “ceza infaz kurumu idaresinin hizmet anlayışı”, “personelin mesleki gelişimi, çalışma şartları, mali koşulları ve özlük hakları”, “personelin bağımsızlığı, adilliği ve yetkinliği gibi etik ilkeler”, “personelin alması gereken eğitimin niteliği”, “hassas gruplar ve mahremiyet ilkesi” başlıklarında ele alınmıştır.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Peseta Didik Kelas VIII MTs Madani
Authors: Nurul Khaerani Fahrizah , Suharti Suharti , Hasrianti Andi , Kadir Putri Wulandari
Published: June 2024

Rendahnya hasil belajar matematika peserta didik dalam pembelajaran matematika menjadi salah satu masalah besar dalam pendidikan saat ini. Oleh karena itu, pendidik telah melakukan berbagai cara untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik salah satunya adalah dengan penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika peserta didik. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VIII MTs Madani berjumlah 35 peserta didik yang terdiri dari 21 peserta didik laki-laki dan 14 peserta didik perempuan. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan ini terdiri dari tahap persiapan, tahap pelaksanaan, dan tahap evaluasi. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar matematika peserta didik dengan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw mengalami peningkatan dalam tiga siklus dengan enam kali pertemuan dan satu kali pertemuan untuk ulangan harian. Hasil pretest menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar peserta didik mencapai 46,13% dan mengalami peningkatan pada siklus ketiga dengan nilai ulangan harian sebesar 71,59%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar peseta didik.
Optimalisasi Aktivitas Lansia dengan Senam Lansia di Padukuhan Gentingan, Sidoagung-Yogyakarta
Authors: Indriani Indriani , Widayanti Erina , Virginia Alfanny , Rahmina Faza Alya
Published: June 2024

Kegiatan senam lansia merupakan sebuah inisiatif pengabdian masyarakat yang bertujuan untuk mencegah penyakit tidak menular (PTM), kebugaran fisik, meningkatkan kualitas hidup lansia, dan memperkuat ikatan sosial dalam komunitas. Lansia Yogyakarta masih belum memiliki kesadaran akan pentingnya melakukan senam lansia. Salah satu padukuhan yang secara kesadaran masih kurang akan hal itu adalah Padukuhan Gentingan, Kalurahan Sidoagung, Kecamatan Godean, Kabupaten Sleman, Yogyakarta. Fakta tersebut menjadi alasan KKN kelompok 67 dari Universitas Aisyiyah Yogyakarta untuk melakukan kegiatan senam lansia agar masyarakat Padukuhan Gentingan paham akan pentingnya menjaga kesehatan di usia lanjut usia. Sehingga diharapkan masyarakat selalu menjalankan kegiatan senam lansia. Masyarakat yang paham akan pentingnya menjaga kesehatan lanjut usia diharapkan dapat terhindar dari berbagai penyakit dan selalu menjaga kebugaran fisik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode deskriptif dan survei lokasi. Hasil yang didapatkan setelah dilakukan kegiatab senam lansia di Padukuhan Gentingan yaitu terdapat peningkatan Kesehatan pada lansia dan menerapakan kegiatan senam lansia secara berkelanjutan.
CROSSLINK DENSITY AND ITS DISTRIBUTION IN HEAT AND OIL RESISTANT ELASTOMERS BY DOUBLE QUANTUM NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE
Authors: Porter Christopher , Zaman Badruz , Pazur Richard
Published: June 2024

Double quantum (DQ) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was used to characterize the crosslink density, crosslink density distribution, and defect level in a series of heat and oil resistant elastomers. A wide range of defect levels, crosslink densities, and crosslink density distributions was measured, and results depended on elastomer type and compound formulations, including the vulcanization system. The sol fraction defect level generally correlated with the concentration of added plasticizer in the formulation. The presence of polar side chains appeared to cause additional dynamic contributions to the dangling chain end fraction. The large differences in elastomer composition and rubber formulations prevented meaningful correlation of the measured crosslink densities with the low strain modulus. Fast Tikhonov regularization and log normalization fitting of the corrected DQ build-up curve was extremely useful to provide insight into the modality and widths of the crosslink density distributions. A high degree of heterogeneity of the crosslink network of heat and oil resistant elastomers was found. Crosslink density distributions were explained in terms of the polymer chain structure comprised of monomer sequencing coupled with the position of the crosslinking sites. The type of vulcanization system had a lesser effect of the nature of the crosslink density distribution. The primary polymer chain crosslinking sites may become segregated from the continuous phase due to polarity differences seen in the microstructure of oil and heat resistance elastomers. The development of such micromorphologies can favor curative partitioning. The sole use of DQ NMR can provide valuable insight into the nature of the polymer chain structure and crosslink network in rubber.
A bibliometric analysis and visualization of the scientific publications on multi-period portfolio optimization: From the current status to future directions
Authors: Khosravi Arman , Sadjadi Seyed Jafar , Ghanbari Hossein
Published: June 2024

Portfolio optimization is a widely recognized strategy for investing that involves selecting a combination of assets that offers the optimal balance between potential gains and volatility. Traditional portfolio optimization typically focuses on a single period, considering only the current market conditions. However, multi-period portfolio optimization takes a more comprehensive approach by incorporating the dynamic nature of financial markets over multiple periods. Hence in this study, we focus on multi-period portfolio optimization. We conduct a bibliometric analysis of articles on multi-period portfolio optimization in the Web of Science (WoS) database. Through quantitative methods and the utilization of the Bibliometrix R package, we analyze publication trends, key research sites, and historical output in this field. Our findings provide valuable insights into the current state of research on multi-period portfolio optimization. This bibliometric analysis contributes to the existing literature on multi-period portfolio optimization and serves as a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in the field of finance.
Can Nationwide Central Appointment Systems Reduce Waiting Times in Turkish Public Hospitals?
Authors: Özen Olcay , Köse İlker , Yıgıt Pakize , Güner Şeyma , Aydın Sabahattin
Published: June 2024

Health service delivery is an important component of a well-functioning health system. To achieve a competitive healthcare system, healthcare should be provided on time to avoid delays that could harm the patient. In this respect, patient wait time is an important indicator of health services delivery performance. Countries develop national or regional booking systems to manage patient wait times and healthcare delivery resources more efficiently. In this study; the effect of a national booking system on outpatient wait times in Turkish public healthcare settings was investigated. This study was conducted using anonymized national outpatient data sets for the year 2016 with permission from the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health. The data was analyzed after pre-processing and transformation. As a result of the study, patient wait times were calculated, analyzed and evaluated according to province and facility care levels (secondary or tertiary). Results showed that in 2016, only 30.69% of outpatient visits had appointments and that the average waiting time for patients with appointments was 11.18% shorter than for patients without appointments. The results of this study fill a gap in the literature as almost no studies have investigated this issue due to a lack of administrative and clinical data and will provide important evidence for the improvement of health service delivery systems.
Health Literacy Level of Patients Applying to Chest Diseases Outpatient Clinic and Related Factors: The Case of A Selected Training and Research Hospital
Authors: Uçar Mahmut Talha , Aktas Selman , Çiçek Esra , Kaya Ulaş , Özata Yasin , Özçelik Büşra , Ünal Umut , Gezici Musa , Bektemür Güven
Published: June 2024

Health literacy is an important skill and capacity that affects individuals' ability to make decisions about their health and manage their health. It is associated with low health literacy, unnecessary outpatient clinic visits, high health expenditures, late diagnosis, and risky health behaviors. This research was conducted with 373 patients who applied to the Chest Diseases outpatient clinic of a training and research hospital in Istanbul. 20.4% (n=76) of the participants had low health literacy and 49.9% (n=186) had middle health literacy. According to the gender of the patients, while there was no significant difference in access to treatment health services, total score and self-efficacy subscale dimensions, the median of the health promotion subscale dimension was higher in women than in men and was found to be statistically significant. Statistically significant differences were found in access to treatment health services, health protection development, total score and self-efficacy subscale dimensions according to the educational status of the patients. Statistically significant differences were found in access to therapeutic health services, health promotion, total score and self-efficacy subscale dimensions according to the occupation of the patients. Health literacy level was found to be low in one out of every four patients. Gender, educational status and occupation were found to be effective on health literacy level.
Physical activity and risk of workplace and commuting injuries: a cohort study
Authors: Alhainen Maria , Härmä Mikko , Pentti Jaana , Ervasti Jenni , Kivimäki Mika , Vahtera Jussi , Stenholm Sari
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVE: Leisure-time physical activity (PA) has been hypothesized to reduce the likelihood of occupational injuries, but it is unclear whether this association varies between workplace and commuting injuries. The aim of this study was to examine the association between PA and risk of workplace and commuting injuries.

METHODS: Data were derived from the Finnish Public Sector study including 82 716 person-observations (48 116 participants). PA was requested repeatedly in four questionnaire surveys between 2000–2012. The average level of PA from two subsequent questionnaires was used to assess long-term PA. To obtain a 1-year incidence of injuries, participants were linked to occupational injury records from the national register. Logistic regression analysis with generalized estimating equations was used to examine the association between PA and injury risk. The analysis was adjusted for age, sex, education, work schedule, job demand, sleep difficulties, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and depression for workplace and commuting injuries, and workplace injuries were additionally adjusted for physical heaviness of an occupation and injury risk by occupation.

RESULTS: Higher level of PA was associated with a lower risk of workplace injuries compared to inactive participants [odds ratio (OR) 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.73–0.98]. This association was most marked in the ≥50-year-old age group (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.64–0.99). No association between the PA and the risk for commuting injuries was observed.

CONCLUSION: Higher PA is associated with lower risk of workplace injuries particularly among older employees.
What have we learned about risk assessment and interventions to prevent work-related musculoskeletal disorders and support work participation?
Authors: Kuijer P Paul FM , van der Wilk Sten , Evanoff Bradley , Viikari-Juntura Eira , Coenen Pieter
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVE: The Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health (SJWEH) was established half a century ago. This paper provides an overview of research on musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) published over these 50 years. Three themes are described: risk assessment, interventions to prevent work-related MSD, and interventions to support work participation. Finally, implications for future research are highlighted.

METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed for all papers on MSD published in SJWEH. Each paper was coded on several criteria including research topic, type of MSD, risk factor(s), and number of citations. Findings were tabulated, and discussions within the author team defined the main results and future research directions.

RESULTS: The search resulted in 1056 papers, of which 474 were included. The most reported-on MSD was low-back pain (LBP, 18%) and the most reported-on work-related risk factors were physically demanding work (14%) and psychosocial factors (12%). Research has contributed to improving case definitions, refining work-related exposure criteria, and recognizing the varying importance of physical and psychosocial factors across different MSD. Research on the association between work-related risk factors and LBP continues to emerge. Effective interventions for prevention of MSD are characterised by sufficient exposure reduction, while supporting work participation requires integrating health care, with multidisciplinary actions directed at factors involving the worker, employer, and workplace.

CONCLUSION: Research has provided valuable insights into risk assessment, interventions for preventing work-related MSD, and supporting work participation. Intervention studies remain warranted and new areas include adopting whole-system approaches to prevent work-related MSD and promoting the concept of musculoskeletal health.
Large Ostium Primum Interatrial Septum Defect in Asymptomatic Adult Athlete with Mitral Valve Prolapse and New Onset of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors:   Division of Cardiology, Policlinico Casilino, Via Casilina 1049, 00169 Rome, Italy., A Colella , C Crescenzi ,   Division of Cardiology, Policlinico Casilino, Via Casilina 1049, 00169 Rome, Italy., M Tatangelo ,   Division of Cardiology, Policlinico Casilino, Via Casilina 1049, 00169 Rome, Italy., L Calò ,   Division of Cardiology, Policlinico Casilino, Via Casilina 1049, 00169 Rome, Italy.
Published: June 2024

A large spectrum of congenital cardiac malformations can be the consequence of deficient formation of the embryonic atrioventricular canal by the endocardial cushions [1]. Among them, together with bicuspid aortic valve and mitral valve prolapse (MVP) [2], atrial septal defects (ASD) are one of the most frequent congenital heart diseases in adulthood. Differently from patients with secundum defects, ostium primum ASD are rarely reported in adulthood because those patients often require medical attention in pediatric age due to severity of symptoms. In ostium primum defect, in addition to the septal defect, the atrioventricular valves are often abnormal, including a cleft in the anterior mitral leaflet [3]. MVP is found in 30%-35% of ASD patients with or without significant mitral regurgitation (MR)and seems to be secondary to an abnormal left ventricular geometry and dilatated right ventricle which leads to shortening of inter-papillary distance and redundant chordae tendineae [4]. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cause of hospital admission among all arrhythmias in general population and AF is also the most common arrhythmia in the athletic population [5].
ATR-FTIR Spectroscopic Analysis of Novel Fixatives and Their Histological Properties on Sheep Heart
Authors: Özdemir Fikri , Özkınalı Sevil , Hayırlı Özyol Emine Nazlı
Published: June 2024

Objective: In this study, new fixative solutions that are odorless and non-toxic were tested on the hearts
of sheep to preserve the cellular structure and tissue architecture in a life-like manner.
Material and Method: The changes of new fixatives before and after contact with tissue were detected
for the first time by the ATR-FTIR spectroscopic method. After a preliminary inspection, hearts were fixed
with six different solutions. It was periodically evaluated for weight, size, color, and hardness. Samples
taken from the left ventricle of each heart stained with Hematoxylin eosin and examined histologically.
Results: As a result of the measurements of heart weights, reduction in Solution 1 (Standard Formaldehyde
Fixative), Solution 4, and Solution 5 were detected at 5.64%, 23.70%, and 14.38%, respectively. In
Solution 4 and Solution 5, it was observed that the integrity of the myocardium was protected in
terms of morphology, the stiffness was suited for sectioning and the coronary vessels were preserved
better than Solution 1. Further, compared to solution 1, it was determined that the endocardium and
myocardium layers were well preserved in the tissues fixed in Solution 4 and Solution 5. Typical cross
striation appearance in cardiac muscle tissue existed in all three Solution 1, Solution 4, and Solution 5.
Conclusion: Solution 4 and Solution 5 were found to have superior fixative properties than Solution 1
(Formaldehyde). As a result of ATR-FTIR studies, it was determined that formaldehyde was converted
into toxic formic acid in Standard Solution 1, while very few harmless changes were detected in Solution
4 and Solution 5.
YAYIMLANMAYACAK (Immunohistochemical Investigation of P16 Expression in Curettage Biopsies)
Authors: Yurtkal Aslıhan , Canday Müjde , Beşeren Havadar Hatice
Published: June 2024

Objective: Our study aims to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of the P16 molecule, which is involved in the cell cycle and plays a role in developing endometrial cancer.
Materials and Method: A total of 68 patients who underwent endometrial sampling for various reasons at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, between 2020 and 2021 were included in the study. The selected cases were categorized into four groups: proliferative endometrium, simple non-atypical endometrium, atypical endometrial hyperplasia, and endometrial polyp. There were no cases with a diagnosis of endometrial tumors in our study. All patients' pathology samples were re-evaluated, and P16 immunohistochemistry was applied to tissue samples.
Results: Among patients diagnosed with atypical endometrial hyperplasia, 72.7% exhibited moderate P16 protein expression, 18.2% had low expression, and 9.1% had high protein expression. The number of patients diagnosed with atypical endometrial hyperplasia had a very low frequency in the study population. Among patients diagnosed with endometrial polyps, 50.0% showed moderate P16 protein expression, 20.0% exhibited low protein expression, and 30.0% had high protein expression.
Conclusion: High P16 expression has been reported to be significantly associated with endometrial cancer in the literature. P16 expression is significant in precancerous lesions and stages of cancer development. Larger-scale studies with more cases are needed in this regard.
The Relationship of Gallestone Disease with Serum RBP4 Level, Vitamın D, Lipid Profile, Insulin Resistance and Uric Acid Levels
Authors: Kurt İnci Bediz , İnci Kamil , Paşaoğlu Özge , Pasaoglu Hatice , Dumlu Gıyasettin Şükrü
Published: June 2024

Objective: The metabolic parameters associated with gallstones are the subject of numerous studies. RBP4, an adipokine, has been linked to various metabolic diseases; however, no study in the literature establishes its relationship with gallstone disease. Therefore, our study aimed to evaluate the biochemical parameters associated with gallstone disease, primarily serum RBP4.
Material and Method: Between 2015 and 2016, abdominal ultrasound, serum biochemical tests, lipid profiles, uric acid, insulin, and fasting glucose values were available for 80 patients who presented to our hospital’s gastroenterology clinic, were included in the study. RBP4 levels were analyzed in the serum samples obtained from the patients.
Results: Out of the 80 participants in the study, 42 had gallstones, while 38 did not. Among the biochemical parameters, no significant difference was found between the groups in terms of total cholesterol values (p= 0.483), LDL values (p=0.224), and TG values (p=0.764). A significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding HDL values(p=0.017). No significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of serum uric acid (p=0.411), fasting glucose (p=0.214), fasting insulin, HOMA-IR score (p=0.157), and vitamin D levels (p=0.340). The mean±SD values of the studied serum RBP-4 levels in the participants were determined as 40.24±7.12 in the control group and 39.75±8.55 in the patient group. No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups (p=0.776). In correlation analyses, a significant positive correlation was found between RBP4 and vitamin D levels (r: 0.277, p= 0.013), total cholesterol (r: 0.268, p=0.016), triglycerides (r: 0.387, p
Progesteronun HepG2 Karaciğer Kanseri Hücre Canlılığı ve Karaciğer Fonksiyon Testleri Üzerindeki Etkilerine Karşı D Vitamininin Etkisi
Authors: Akkuş Melek Naz , Bayram Hale , Sıtar Mustafa , Selam Belgin , Cıncık Mehmet , Dönmez Çakıl Yaprak
Published: June 2024

Amaç: Progesteron, adrenal bezler ve yumurtalıklar tarafından sentezlenen, yapısal olarak birçok farklı hormonun da öncüsü olan bir sinyal molekülüdür. D vitamini ise diğer vitaminlerden farklı olarak ekzojen alımın yanında endojen olarak da sentezlenebilen ancak eksiklik durumu güncel tıp dünyasında büyük tartışmalara neden olan steroid yapıda bir hormondur. Bu çalışmada amaç, progesteronun HepG2 hücre proliferasyonu ve karaciğer enzim aktivitelerine etkisini belirlemek, ayrıca D vitamininin progesteronun oluşturduğu sitotoksik etkileri engellemedeki rolünü incelemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: HepG2 hepatoselüler kanser hücre kültürü ortamına uygulanacak progesteron ve D vitamini dozlarının belirlenmesi için öncelikle her iki hormon için ayrı sitotoksisite çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Ardından progesteron ve D vitamini, deney ve kontrol gruplarına tek başlarına veya birlikte belirli dozlarda uygulanmıştır. HepG2 hücre canlılığı, morfolojik özellikleri ve karaciğer enzim aktiviteleri gruplar arasında karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Hücrelere uygulanan 1 mM ve 2 mM progesteron dozlarında kontrol grubuna kıyasla hücre canlılığında azalma olduğu saptandı. Ek olarak, 1 mM ve 2 mM progesteron uygulananlarda AST ve LDH aktivite değerlerinde de anlamlı olarak düşüklük bulundu. D vitamininin 0,008 μM ve 166,667 μM dozları aralığında HepG2 hücrelerinde sitotoksik bir etkiye sahip olmadığı belirlendi ve 2,5 μM dozda uygulandı. Yalnızca D vitamini uygulanan hücrelerde ALT, AST ve LDH enzim aktivite değerlerinde anlamlı bir farklılık görülmedi. Yalnızca progesteron uygulanan hücrelerle, progesteron+D vitamininin birlikte uygulandığı hücreler arasında hücre canlılığı ve karaciğer enzim düzeyleri benzerlik gösterdi.
Sonuç: Kullanılan doz ve inkübasyon sürelerinde D vitamininin progesteronun sebep olduğu sitotoksik etkileri engellemede etkili olmadığı düşünülmektedir.
Effects of Atrial Fibrıllation on Cognitive Functions in Patients Between 65-75 Years of Age
Authors: Yiğit Ece , Oksen Dogac
Published: June 2024

Objective: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in the elderly population and also the most common cause of ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke is directly related to cognitive decline. The relationship between atrial fibrillation and cognitive decline has long been associated with stroke. This study aimed to reveal whether the mere presence of atrial fibrillation, independent of stroke, has negative effects on cognitive functions.
Material and Method: Male and female patients between the ages of 65 and 75 with no chronic diseases other than known hypertension were included in the study. They were divided into two groups according to electrocardiography findings: the group with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation and the group with normal sinus rhythm (NSR). To evaluate cognitive functions, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was applied to both groups and then the groups were compared in terms of scores.
Results: No statistically significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of age, patient characteristics, educational status, or laboratory findings. MoCA scores were significantly lower in the AF group than in the NSR group (p=0.001). Multivariable linear regression analysis demonstrated lower age and higher education status were independently associated with high MoCA scores (β: 3.392, 95% CI: 2.375 - 4.410, p
Entre la nostalgia y la identidad. Cocina prácticas gastronómicas en Bogotá a partir de anuncios publicitarios (1925-1975)
Authors: Castilla Corzo Felipe
Published: June 2024

Las cocinas jamás han sido estáticas, en su transformación influyen la manera como nos relacionamos con los alimentos, el significado que le damos a estos, la disponibilidad de los productos que consumimos, las técnicas de cocción y la forma de presentación de los platos. En la historia de la gastronomía bogotana, los mensajes publicitarios han incidido en las preferencias alimentarias o de consumo de los habitantes de la capital de la República de Colombia. A partir del análisis de los anuncios publicados en los medios impresos El Tiempo, Cromos y El Gráfico, entre 1925 y 1975, el autor evidencia cómo la cocina bogotana se empapó de múltiples influencias culturales y de oferta de productos, que le permitieron enriquecerse abruptamente
A Comparative Analysis of Flooding Methods on Random and Real Network Topologies
Authors: Papamichail Asterios , Tsoumanis Georgios , Sioutas Spyros , Oikonomou Konstantinos
Published: June 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) is revolutionizing industries by connecting everyday objects, known as smart devices, via the Internet. These devices, embedded with sensors and communication technologies, gather and share data. For the guaranteed gathering of information, the devices share global knowledge with each other, by using dissemination mechanisms in order to broadcast information. This study evaluates four flooding methods for broadcasting information across network nodes, namely: (i) blind flooding; (ii) probabilistic flooding; (iii) m-probabilistic flooding; and (iv) scoped probabilistic flooding, the latter to be introduced here. The evaluation considers random networks that are based on the Burr Type XII distribution and seven real networks. The evaluated flooding methods are studied on three different metrics: (i) coverage achieved; (ii) number of messages exchanged; and (iii) a metric that is based on binomial approximation. The latter is introduced to provide deeper insights into the particulars of the under-evaluation flooding methods. The results show that, under certain conditions, m-probabilistic flooding outperforms probabilistic flooding in terms of coverage, while requiring significantly fewer messages. Additionally, the study revealed that the scoped probabilistic flooding achieves coverage comparable to that of the probabilistic flooding while reducing the number of exchanged messages.
Future satellite communications: Satellite constellations and connectivity from space
Authors: Inaltekin Hazer , Bowyer Mark , Collings Iain B. , Karabulut Kurt Gunes , Saad Walid , Whiting Phil
Published: June 2024

Satellite communications is currently undergoing a massive growth, with a rapid expansion in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) networks, and a range of new satellite technologies. Until very recently, satellite communication systems and terrestrial 5/6G wireless networks have been complementary distinct entities. There is now the opportunity to bring these networks together and deliver an integrated global coverage multi-service network. Achieving this will require solving some key research challenges, and leveraging new technologies including high frequency phased-array antennas, onboard processing, dynamic beam hopping, physical layer signal processing algorithms, transmission waveforms, and adaptive inter-satellite links and routing. By integrating seamlessly with terrestrial 5/6G networks and low altitude flying access points, future satellite networks promise to deliver universal connectivity on a global scale, overcoming geographical limitations. In this special issue, we focus on the future of satellite communications, exploring topics ranging from beam hopping and design to space routing and THz satellite communications. Our aim is to shed light on the potential of these emerging technologies and their role in reshaping the landscape of global connectivity.
GALOR: Global view assisted localized fine-grained routing for LEO satellite networks
Authors: Yan Fei , Wang Zhiyuan , Zhang Shan , Meng Qingkai , Luo Hongbin
Published: June 2024

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks have been expected to provide global coverage for Internet services with immediacy requirements. The dynamics of an LEO satellite network topology induce the challenges of achieving efficient content retrieval. This article takes an initial step toward achieving efficient content retrieval in LEO satellite networks from the routing perspective. We start with investigating the topology characteristics of LEO satellite networks in terms of the deterministic neighbor relation and the intermittent inter-satellite links. We then propose a Global view Assisted Localized fine-grained Routing (GALOR), which is an information-centric routing mechanism customized to LEO satellite networks. Specifically, GALOR disseminates the link state within a predefined range instead of the entire constellation, incurring less convergence time and control overhead. Therefore, GALOR can calculate the routing table (to guide interest forwarding) based on the local link state and the global neighbor relations. Moreover, GALOR improves the forwarding method of the information-centric routing by reconstructing a failed Pending Interest Table (PIT) entries in response to occasional link failures. Our packet-level experiments show that GALOR outperforms state-of-the-art mechanisms (up to 103.4%) in terms of average packet delivery ratio in content-sharing.