bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health and saliva microbiomes of a semi-urbanized indigenous tribe in Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Yeo Li-Fang , Aghakhanian Farhang F. , Tan James S. Y. , Gan Han Ming , Phipps Maude E.
Published: February 2019

Background: The indigenous people of Peninsular Malaysia, also known as Orang Asli, have gradually been urbanized. A shift towards non-communicable diseases commonly associated with sedentary lifestyles have been reported in many tribes. This study engaged with a semi-urbanized Temiar tribe from Kampong Pos Piah, Perak, who are experiencing an epidemiological transition.

Methods:  Weight, height, waist circumference, blood pressure, HbA1C and lipid levels were measured as indicators of cardio-metabolic health. DNA was extracted from saliva using salting-out method followed by PCR amplification of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene and sequencing on Illumina MiSeq. Microbiome analysis was conducted on Qiime v1.9. Statistical analysis was conducted using Qiime v1.9 and R.  

Results: The study revealed that 60.4% of the Temiar community were overweight/obese, with a higher prevalence among women. HbA1C levels showed that 45% of Temiar had pre-diabetes. Insulin resistance was identified in 21% of Temiar by using a surrogate marker, TG/HDL. In total, 56.5% of Temiar were pre-hypertensive, and the condition was prevalent across all age-groups. The saliva microbiome profiles of Temiar revealed significant differences by gender, BMI, abdominal obesity as well as smoking status. The relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, bacteria commonly found in dairy products, was increased in men. Prevotella, associated with consumption of plant-rich diets, was increased in women. Mogibacteriacea and Mycoplasma levels were significantly elevated in overweight individuals. Proteobacteria was significantly depleted in smokers.

Conclusions: Temiar from Pos Piah had a high prevalence of cardio-metabolic risks, including general and abdominal obesity, pre-diabetes, prehypertension and hypertension. This phenomenon has not been previously reported in this tribe. The saliva microbiome profiles were significantly different for individuals of different gender, BMI scores and abdominal obesity and smoking status.
American Slavery Through the Eyes of British Women Travelers in the First Half of the 19th Century
Authors: Fruzińska Justyna
Published: February 2019

My paper investigates 19th-century travel writing by British women visiting America: texts by such authors as Frances Trollope, Isabella Bird, or Frances Kemble. I analyze to what extent these travelers’ gender influences their view of race. On the one hand, as Tim Youngs stresses, there seems to be very little difference between male and female travel writing in the 19th century, as women, in order to be accepted by their audience, needed to mimic men’s style (135). On the other hand, women writers occasionally mention their gender, as for example Trollope, who explains that she is not competent enough to speak on political matters, which is why she wishes to limit herself only to domestic issues. This provision, however, may be seen as a mere performance of a conventional obligation, since it does not prevent Trollope from expressing her opinions on American democracy. Moreover, Jenny Sharpe shows how Victorian Englishwomen are trapped between a social role of superiority and inferiority, possessing “a dominant position of race and a subordinate one of gender” (11). This makes the female authors believe that as women they owe to the oppressed people more sympathy than their male compatriots. My paper discusses female writing about the United States in order to see how these writers navigate their position of superiority/inferiority.
OS MEMES COMO SUPORTE PEDAGÓGICO NO ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA
Authors: Silva Diego Leonardo Santana
Published: February 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir acerca da possibilidade do uso de memes como um recurso pedagógico que aproxime professores e alunos em sala de aula a partir de uma linguagem digital comum. Sendo bastante popular no ciberespaço, os memes são elementos importantes na cultura digital e se popularizaram entre os jovens, sendo bastante eficientes em transmitir vários tipos de mensagens. Com isso, memes são utilizados para diversas finalidades, o que leva a reflexão sobre o uso dos mesmos como recurso didático. Levando em consideração as pesquisas sobre a inserção de recursos digitais em sala de aula, este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre essa questão, a partir de um estudo sobre os memes desde suas características básicas até o uso dos mesmos por páginas que abordam conteúdo histórico encontradas no Facebook. Por fim, será refletido sobre a possibilidade de uso e o papel que este recurso pode ter em sala de aula.
ENSINO DE GRAMÁTICA: ANÁLISE DAS RELAÇÕES LÓGICO-SEMÂNTICAS DA CONJUNÇÃO EM MEMES
Authors: Silva Ariana Da Rosa
Published: February 2019

Esta pesquisa está filiada aos procedimentos teórico-analíticos da Semiolinguística, com base em estudos de Charaudeau (1992), uma vez que essa proposta permite uma perspectiva mais ampla de análise do ensino de língua, o que possibilita trabalhar as relações lógicas em seus múltiplos aspectos semânticos. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar as relações lógico-semânticas das conjunções, especialmente, da conjunção “e” em textos do gênero textual meme. Assim, serão observados os sentidos que vão além dos propostos pela Gramática tradicional ensinada nas escolas, considerando que o ensino da língua pode ser muito mais efetivo se considerada em seus diferentes contextos e usos. Será, brevemente, desenvolvido um estudo sobre o gênero textual meme, observando sua origem e características próprias. Em seguida, serão abordados alguns conceitos da teoria Semiolinguística e, por fim, uma análise das operações lógicas, de acordo com o que Charaudeau (1992) propõe em sua Gramática do Sentido e da Expressão. A principal conclusão obtida nesse estudo, foi que uma conjunção, ou outra classe gramatical, não pode ser descrita e limitada a um único sentido, como tem sido feito pelas gramáticas tradicionais e utilizado pelas escolas de educação básica do Brasil. Isso porque, a partir do uso, podem ocorrer diversos efeitos contextuais para o mesmo elemento linguístico.
MEMES NO FACEBOOK: LETRAMENTO CRÍTICO NA ESCOLA PÚBLICA A PARTIR DO HUMOR
Authors: Lima-Neto Vicente de , De Oliveira Erika Guimarães
Published: February 2019

Os memes presentes em nosso cotidiano são vistos como elementos de diversão e entretenimento, mas podem ser utilizados também como ferramenta de aprendizagem. Eles circulam em espaços digitais como Facebook, gerando interação e comunicação, sobretudo a partir do humor, nos comentários compartilhados em redes sociais. O desafio da prática pedagógica é associar o humor dos memes ao ensino de forma geral e, neste trabalho em específico, ao ensino de língua portuguesa. Este artigo tem por objetivo investigar como os memes podem ser utilizados nas aulas de língua portuguesa, para promover o letramento crítico dos alunos na escola pública. Apoiamos-nos nas discussões de GNL (1996) e Rojo (2012, 2013) sobre letramentos, bem como nos estudos sobre letramento crítico a partir da Análise de Discurso Crítica (ADC) de Fairclough (2001; 2003). Para atingir nosso objetivo, selecionamos um corpus, composto por dois memes de domínio público, cujo critério seja o de apresentar críticas sociais a partir do humor. Em seguida, analisamos o objeto de estudo à luz das categorias: a) Intertextualidade, b) Interdiscursividade, c) Avaliação, associadas ao letramento crítico e baseadas nos significados do discurso: acional, representacional e identificacional da ADC. Como resultado, espera-se que, além do humor utilizado para gerar interação, os alunos percebam a crítica social contra a perda de direitos adquiridos, racismo, ironia e explanem isso nos diversos eventos comunicativos dentro e fora da escola.
Examination of Correlation between Attitude towards Reading and Perception of Creative Reading
Authors: Yurdakal Ibrahim Halil
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this research is to examine the correlation between the attitude towards reading and the perception of creative reading. The sample group of the study, in which the correlational survey model among the qualitative research designs was conducted, consists of 319 students studying at fourth grade in primary schools. The scale for the perception of creative reading generated by Yurdakal and Susar Kirmizi and the scale for the attitude towards reading formed by Yurdakal and Susar Kirmizi were applied in collecting data for the research. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Analysis and Simple and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis were implemented for the analysis of data in the study. When the data obtained from the analyses were examined, it was observed that there was a positive and high correlation between the attitude scale towards reading and its sub-dimensions. Likewise, a positive and high correlation was determined between the perception of creative reading scale and its sub-dimensions. As the attitude towards reading increases, the perception of creative reading decreases. This finding is similar for all the sub-dimensions in the scales. It was also comprehended that the attitude towards reading was a predictor of the perception of creative reading and that there were significant correlations between the perception of creative reading and the sub-dimensions of contributions, meaning, activities, and process of reading. Along with these variables, the attitude towards reading explains the perception of creative reading at a total level of 13%.
Low HDL Cholesterol and High Risk of Autoimmune Disease: Two Population-Based Cohort Studies Including 117341 Individuals
Authors: Madsen Christian M , Varbo Anette , Nordestgaard Børge G
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND

HDL is quantitatively the most important lipoprotein in most species and mechanistic evidence points toward a role for HDL in normal immune function. We tested the hypothesis that concentrations of HDL cholesterol are associated with risk of autoimmune disease.

METHODS

From 2 studies of the general population—the Copenhagen General Population Study and the Copenhagen City Heart study—we included 107954 and 9387 individuals with baseline measurements of HDL cholesterol. These were followed with the national Danish Patient Registry from baseline in 2003–2015 or 1991–1994 through 2017, during which time 4078 and 1101 individuals developed autoimmune disease in the 2 studies.

RESULTS

In the Copenhagen General Population Study, compared to individuals with HDL cholesterol ≥2.0 mmol/L (77 mg/dL), the multifactorially adjusted hazard ratios for any autoimmune disease were 1.06 (95% CI, 0.94–1.19) for individuals with HDL cholesterol of 1.5–1.99 mmol/L (58–77 mg/dL), 1.18 (95% CI, 1.04–1.35) for individuals with HDL cholesterol of 1.0–1.49 mmol/L (39–58 mg/dL), and 1.84 (95% CI, 1.52–2.22) for individuals with HDL cholesterol <1.0 mmol/L (39 mg/dL) (P for trend <0.001). These results were similar when excluding events within 5 years of baseline, in women and men separately, for events at baseline, irrespective of low-grade inflammation or triglyceride concentrations, for the apolipoprotein A1 part of HDL, and for more restrictive end point definitions. Finally, the Copenhagen City Heart Study provided independent confirmation.

CONCLUSIONS

Low HDL cholesterol level is associated with high risk of autoimmune disease in individuals from the general population. Our observational findings cannot determine causality.
Ks. Adam Orczyk, Zarys historii szkolnictwa i myśli pedagogicznej, Wydawnictwo Akademickie „Żak”, Warszawa 2008, ss. 359
Authors: Ostrowski Tadeusz
Published: February 2019

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Bibliografia historii wychowania, szkolnictwa i myśli pedagogicznej w Polsce za rok 2013 (z zupełnieniami za lata poprzednie)
Authors: Gruca Anna
Published: February 2019

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Rozwój szkolnictwa dla mniejszości tubylczych na Alasce
Authors: Gmerek Tomasz
Published: February 2019

Development of Education for Indigenous Minorities in Alaska The article deals with the issue of the relation between education and processes of the development of ethnic identity of indigenous minorities in Alaska. Particular emphasis was placed on reconstructing the educational practices and policy that is being implemented for indigenous minorities within the school system (especially assimilation, discrimination and revitalisation of ethnic identity). An attempt was made at examining the relationship between schooling, socialisation, language policy, and the development of aboriginal minorities in Alaska.
“Little Tablets of Gold”: An Examination of the Psychological and Social Dimensions of PrEP Among LGBTQ Communities
Authors: Sun Christina J. , Anderson Kirsten M. , Toevs Kim , Morrison Dayna , Wells Caitlin , Nicolaidis Christina
Published: February 2019

There are significant psychological, social, and cultural dimensions to the HIV epidemic in the United States, especially among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) communities. Biomedical HIV treatment has been shown to impact these dimensions. However, there is little understanding of the real-world psychosocial and sociocultural effects of the latest biomedical HIV prevention strategy, HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). This study explored the psychosocial and sociocultural dimensions of PrEP use among LGBTQ adults. We interviewed 23 LGBTQ adults who were current or former users of PrEP. Results included that PrEP users’ experiences were shaped by multiple forms of stigma. Participants were highly motivated to challenge PrEP stigma and to support PrEP use among other community members. Lastly, participants described positive impacts on their individual well-being and their sexual partnerships. Findings suggest that PrEP has significant impacts beyond biomedical outcomes for both the individuals who use PrEP and their communities.
Negative Self-Conscious Emotions: Appraisals, Action Tendencies, and Labels
Authors: Mu Wenting , Berenbaum Howard
Published: February 2019

Introduction: The present research focused on negative self-conscious emotions, examining the predictive utility of a set of appraisals and action tendencies as compared to emotion labels.

Method: In two studies, participants were asked to recall multiple negative self-conscious emotional experiences, and rate each experience using the appraisals and action tendencies, as well as a set of emotion labels.

Results: The data revealed that in each emotional experience, participants are likely to experience multiple appraisals, action tendencies, and negative self-conscious emotions simultaneously. Further, the use of appraisals and action tendencies (as opposed to emotion labels) demonstrated excellent utility in predicting a variety of outcomes indicative of psychopathology and psychological well-being (i.e., depression, social anxiety, meanness, relationship quality).

Discussion: Implications for the conceptualization and assessment of negative self-conscious emotions are discussed.
Psychometric Properties of the Interpersonal Outcome Expectancies for Thinness (IOET) Scale: Evidence for Validity, Reliability, and Utility in the Study of Eating Disturbances in Females
Authors: Li Mingqi , Chang Edward C. , Chang Olivia D.
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Interpersonal context is believed to represent a powerful factor that often fosters and sustains eating disturbances in females. The present study focused on the development of a measure tapping into positive interpersonal expectancies predicated on being thin believed to be positively involved in eating disorders in females, namely, the Interpersonal Outcome Expectancies for Thinness (IOET).

Method: In Study 1, a total of 361 U.S. female college students completed the IOET for factor analysis. In Study 2, to assess for construct validity, an independent sample of 184 U.S. female college students completed a test battery including the IOET and measures of eating attitudes and disturbances, positive and negative affectivity, and general optimism.

Results: In Study 1, results from an exploratory factor analysis indicated a one-factor solution for the IOET accounting for 76.70% of the total variance. In Study 2, the IOET was found to possess good test-retest reliability (6-week) in a subset sample of U.S. female participants. Moreover, in support for construct validity, we found IOET scores were positively associated with scores on measures of eating disturbances (e.g., bulimic symptoms) and negative affectivity. Additionally, IOET scores were negatively associated with scores on a measure of general optimism. Finally, in support of utility, the IOET was found to add incremental validity to the prediction of eating disturbances, even after accounting for general optimism and affectivity.

Discussion: The present findings provide promising evidence for the validity, reliability, and utility of the IOET as a measure of a maladaptive cognitive schema associated with eating disorders in females. Implications for the theory and clinical assessments were discussed.
Bidirectional Relationships Between Stress, Depressive Symptoms, and Cognitive Vulnerabilities in Adolescents
Authors: Alba Julen , Calvete Esther
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Depression is a highly prevalent problem in adolescence, with great clinical and social relevance. Recent models of psychopathology in childhood and adolescence underscore that the relationships between stress, cognitive vulnerabilities, and depressive symptoms are bidirectional. In addition, according to cognitive therapy models, cognitive vulnerabilities are organized hierarchically, with deep schemas guiding more superficial cognitive processes such as rumination. The present study examines the longitudinal predictive relationships between two levels of cognitions (early maladaptive schemas and rumination), stressors, and depression.

Method: A sample of 584 Spanish adolescents (262 girls; mean age = 15.99, SD = 1.10) completed measures of depression, stressors, rumination, and three early maladaptive schema domains (disconnection and rejection, impaired autonomy and other-directedness) over 4 intervals of 4 months. Path analysis was used to test the hypotheses of the study.

Results: Disconnection and rejection domain systematically predicted an increase in depression, new stressors, and rumination over time. In addition, depressive symptoms predicted an increase of disconnection/rejection scores at all time points. Finally, from Time 2 on, stressors predicted an increase in all schema domains.

Discussion: The outcomes suggest the importance of the disconnection and rejection schema domain. These results are important to understand the mechanisms underlying stress and depression in adolescents.
When Trust Does Not Come Easily: Negative Emotional Information Unduly Influences Trustworthiness Appraisals for Individuals With Borderline Personality Features
Authors: Masland Sara R. , Hooley Jill M.
Published: February 2019

Individuals with borderline personality disorder and subclinical borderline features perceive others as untrustworthy (e.g., Fertuck, Grinband, & Stanley, 2013). Trust difficulties may be influenced by emotional state and are formally articulated in the diagnostic criteria for the disorder as temporary state-dependent paranoia. The current study examines the influence of emotional information on trustworthiness appraisals. Seventy-seven community adults, ranging in age from 18 to 70 (M = 31.53, SD = 14.01), with three or more borderline personality disorder symptoms (n = 30) or two or fewer symptoms (n = 47), completed an affective priming paradigm. They were exposed to negative, neutral, or positive information before rating the trustworthiness of unfamiliar faces. Individuals with borderline pathology made more untrusting appraisals regardless of prime, and they were more greatly influenced by negative primes relative to the control group. Findings suggest that biased trustworthiness appraisal is a replicable and consistent finding for individuals with borderline pathology, and that emotional context, even if unrelated to the appraisal at hand, has undue influence.
Prescribing Practices for Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder During Psychiatric Hospitalizations
Authors: Romanowicz Magdalena , Schak Kathryn M. , Vande Voort Jennifer L. , Leung Jonathan G. , Larrabee Beth R. , Palmer Brian A.
Published: February 2019

This study aimed to understand prescribing practices during acute psychiatric hospitalization in a large cohort of patients (N = 569) with borderline personality disorder (BPD) at a tertiary care psychiatry unit from January 1, 2013, through January 1, 2015. The mean number of hospitalizations per patient was 1.5 (range, 1–7). The odds of being prescribed antidepressants, antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, hypnotics, or anxiolytics were higher at discharge than at admission. The rate of psychotropic prescriptions was also higher at discharge than at admission (incidence rate ratio, 1.9). This pattern was true for the combined psychotropic and nonpsychotropic (“medical”) prescriptions. Further guidelines are needed regarding optimal psychosocial, medical, and psychopharmacological care of patients with BPD during acute psychiatric hospitalizations.
The Experience of Maltreatment in Young Children Whose Mothers Have Borderline Personality Disorder: Reflections in Their Narrative Representations
Authors: Macfie Jenny , Kurdziel Gretchen
Published: February 2019

Child maltreatment is an etiological factor in borderline personality disorder (BPD), which may be transmitted to the children of mothers with BPD. We assessed maltreatment in 36 children aged 4–7 whose mothers have BPD and in 34 normative comparisons. Children whose mothers have BPD were more likely to have experienced sexual abuse, physical abuse, and neglect than were normative comparisons. Mothers’ self-reported borderline features were significantly correlated with children's maltreatment. Neglect was associated with mothers’ affective instability, identity disturbance, negative relationships, and self-harm; sexual abuse was associated with mothers’ identity disturbance, and negative relationships; and physical abuse was associated with mothers’ self-harm. Maltreatment mediated the relationship between all four of mothers’ borderline features and children's narrative representations of the caregiver–child relationship, which included fear of abandonment, role reversal, and mother–child relationship expectations. The authors discuss results in the context of risk for developing BPD in early adulthood and early preventive interventions targeting children's representations.
L’ ubérisation des services financiers, une tendance lourde
Authors: Lacasse Richard-Marc , Lambert Berthe
Published: February 2019

L’avènement de l’Internet des objets connectés a causé dans le monde des services financiers une véritable révolution numérique. Cet article traite de la rupture des pratiques à la suite de l’avènement des plateformes numériques intelligentes dans le secteur des services financiers. En première partie, l’origine et la pertinence du phénomène sont explorées, le tout suivi d’un examen de l’état d’esprit d’un banquier traditionnel relativement aux nouveaux modèles d’affaires en train de perturber l’emploi. L’article se termine sur le désarroi des autorités réglementaires face au phénomène. Nos données prospectivistes fournissent les bases conceptuelles sur lesquelles sont fondés les nouveaux modèles d’affaires dans le secteur des services financiers. Les concepts sont originaux et intuitifs, mais basés sur des observations empiriques, sur les rapports du Forum économique mondial de Davos et sur l’analyse de nouvelles licornes dans la niche des services financiers. Le principal constat de l’article : nous sommes en présence d’un tsunami numérique qui fera disparaître des millions d’emplois dans le secteur des services financiers traditionnels.
Je li mjesni govor Maslinice na otoku Šolti štokavski ili čakavski?
Authors: Galović Filip
Published: February 2019

U okviru dijalektologije uvriježeno je mišljenje da su svi mjesni govori na otoku Šolti čakavski, odnosno da pripadaju južnočakavskomu dijalektu, ali ne i mjesni govor Maslinice, koji je pripojen štokavskomu narječju, tj. novoštokavskomu ikavskom dijalektu, jednako kao i govor Sumartina na Braču, Sućurja na Hvaru, Račišća na Korčuli. Noviji terenski podatci pokazuju drugačije stanje u tome mjesnome govoru. Maslinički bi govor, koji sadrži stanovit broj čakavskih posebnosti, uz one štokavske, valjalo priključiti čakavskomu narječju, odnosno njegovu južnočakavskomu dijalektu.
Novi istraživački prinosi s krapinskih znanstvenih skupova o kajkavštini
Authors: Brlobaš Željka
Published: February 2019

Kajkavski u povijesnom i sadašnjem obzorju. V. zbornik radova sa znanstvenih skupova Krapina 2014., 2015. i 2016. godine, gl. ur. Alojz Jembrih, Zabok: Hrvatska udruga Muži zagorskoga srca, 2017.
Matijavićeva, kao četvrta po redu gramatika kajkavskoga književnog jezika
Authors: Schubert Bojana
Published: February 2019

Barbara Štebih Golub, Horvatska gramatika J. E. Matijevića, Zagreb: Institut za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje, 2017.
Pjesni ljuvene Marina Držića prenesene na suvremeni hrvatski jezik
Authors: Vigato Teodora
Published: February 2019

Marin Držić, Pjesni ljuvene – Ljubavne pjesme. Priredio Luko Paljetak, Dubrovnik: Dom Marina Držića, 2017.
Recentno hrvatsko romanesko stvaralaštvo
Authors: Kuvač-Levačić Kornelija
Published: February 2019

Dunja Detoni Dujmić, Mala noćna čitanja. Hrvatski roman 2011.-2015., Zagreb: Alfa, 2017.
Još o književnim prinosima na talijanskome jeziku u zadarskoj periodici XIX. stoljeća
Authors: Paša Sanja
Published: February 2019

Valter Tomas, “Strenna Dalmata” (1847.), prvi dalmatinski almanah, Zadar: Sveučilište u Zadru, 2018.
Putovanje Ukrajinom: prikarpatska galicija
Authors: Fuderer Tetyana
Published: February 2019

Prikarpatska Galicija (prijevodi s ukrajinskoga), gl. ur. Jevgenij Paščenko, Zagreb: Ucrainiana croatica, 2017.
Notch activity mediates oestrogen-induced stromal cell invasion in endometriosis
Authors: Li Na , Zhang Ling , Li Qi , Du Yu , Liu Hengwei , Liu Yi , Xiong Wenqian
Published: February 2019

Oestrogen has been reported to control the invasiveness of endometrial stromal cells in endometriosis. Notch signalling, a master regulator of cell invasion in tumours, is regulated by oestrogen in other diseases and hyperactivated in endometriotic stromal cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that an interaction between Notch signalling and oestrogen may exist in the regulation of endometrial stromal cell invasion, which is essential for the development of endometriosis. Western blot analysis of tissues showed that the expression levels of Notch components (JAG1 and NOTCH1) and Notch activity were markedly higher in ectopic endometria than in their eutopic and normal counterparts. Primary stromal cells obtained from normal endometria cultured with oestrogen presented significant increases in the expression of Notch components and Notch activity, the cytoplasmic and nuclear accumulation of NOTCH1 intracellular domain, the expression of matrix metallopeptidase 9 and vascular endothelial growth factor and cell invasiveness. Knockdown ofNOTCH1markedly alleviated oestrogen-induced matrix metallopeptidase 9 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression and cell invasion. ICI (an oestrogen receptor α antagonist) also blocked these oestrogenic effects. Oestrogen-responsive elements were found in the promoters ofNOTCH1andJAG1. A luciferase reporter analysis revealed that oestrogen regulated the expression of Notch components via oestrogen receptor alpha, which is bound to oestrogen-responsive elements in theJAG1andNOTCH1promoters. Collectively, our findings indicate that oestrogen engages in crosstalk with Notch signalling to regulate cell invasion in endometriosis via the activation of oestrogen receptor alpha and the enhancement of Notch activity. Notch signalling blockade may therefore be a novel therapeutic target for endometriosis.
Making social and historical sense: A Confucian-phenomenological dialogue
Authors: Sigurðsson Geir
Published: February 2019

University of IcelandA meaningful comparison between Western and Eastern philosophical thought demands that not only similarities but also divergences be brought to light. This may facilitate the appreciation of culturally divergent philosophical traditions but no less open up further possibilities for profiting from the different routes taken. Some seminal thinkers from the Western phenomenological tradition, notably Martin Heidegger and Hans-Georg Gadamer, have come to understand that their philosophical dispositions seem to converge with important themes and approaches in Asian philosophy. This paper attempts to open a Confucian-phenomenological dialogue by discussing some noteworthy parallels between the traditions, but also by arguing that their contrary tendencies to understand the relationship between sagehood or, indeed, philosophy, and lived human reality lead them onto vastly different paths. The paper concludes with the argument that Western thinkers have much to gain by more serious exploration of the Confucian preference for wisdom acquired through historically informed identities and everyday communal human living.
Translating personality into landscape
Authors: Kraushaar Frank
Published: February 2019

University of LatviaThis essay stems from a hypothesis which belongs to a work in progress: an attempt to understand and to make translatable into contemporary conceptions the figure of the anonymous 隱者 (yin zhe) and its formation into a kind of humanistic cipher or an empty interior space sketched like a human being in classical Chinese poetry and Tang and Song painting. The idea is that the correspondence of personality and landscape in Chinese aesthetics replaces its Western counterpart―the relativity of subjectivity and outer space. The first part of the essay delineates differences in the approach to landscape or 山水 (shan-shui) and emphasizes that the appreciation of both essentially changes as soon as the cultural information does, which makes similarities of certain approaches―as in romantic landscapes and Chinese shan-shui―deluding rather than coherent. The last part focuses on a detail in the construction of the shan-shui in relation to concepts of personality which I call distance and framing. This combination of an absolute spatial order obtained by distance and its microcosmical, individual correspondence in a personally shaped frame seems the characteristic Chinese way to translate concepts of personality into an aesthetic reality―almost bare of any relation to the physical presence of the subject.
On the non-finality of physical death in classical Confucianism
Authors: Rosemont Henry
Published: February 2019

There is probably no idea more difficult to contemplate clearly than death and dying, especially one’s own. How we think about death, however, will surely be influenced by what we think about life and living in general, and more specifically how we define ourselves as human beings. The early Confucians viewed persons very differently than contemporary Western thinkers and developed a ritual orientation grounded in the family that had both ethical and religious (but not transcendental) dimensions, in which the death of the body was not seen as abrupt and final, but rather as a stage that began before our embodiment, and will continue long after its dissolution.
Shirin Akiner. Religious Language of a Belarusian Tatar Kitab. A Cultural Monument of Islam in Europe
Authors: Miškinienė Galina
Published: February 2019

Vilnius University
Arlo Griffiths, Annette Schmiedchen (eds). The Atharvaveda and its Paippalādaśākhā: Historical and Philological Papers on a Vedic Tradition
Authors: Kulikov Leonid
Published: February 2019

Vilnius University
Scientific expeditions in Tokugawa Japan: Historical background and results of official ventures to foreign lands
Authors: Švambarytė Dalia
Published: February 2019

Vilnius UniversityThis article discusses the problem of the research expeditions to foreign lands during the period of national seclusion in Japan. Each historical period has its specific geographical perspective. The geographical thinking in Tokugawa Japan was influenced by a policy of self-isolation. In the Tokugawa period, Japan was more interested in protecting the boundaries than expanding its geographical horizons. There were, nevertheless, several expeditionary ventures launched by the government.This article presents the background of research expeditions dispatched by the shogunate and then moves to a discussion of the mechanism of these official expeditions and motivation behind them, as well as the nature of the political statements implied by the explorations and their results. The Japanese expeditions to the Pacific islands and northern region were mostly limited to scientific observation, mapping, and geographical survey, and the reasons for expeditionary ventures were security concerns rather than territorial expansion or the pursuit of economic interests. Although the links between the geographical exploration of the Tokugawa period and colonialism were weak, the expeditions had a considerable degree of political effect on the state policy of modern Japan.
Description of military apparatus in the Śrī-kālacakra-nāma-tantra-rāja
Authors: Strelkov Andrei
Published: February 2019

Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Oriental Studies, St. PetersburgIn the Śrī-kālacakra-nāma-tantra-rāja, a Buddhist treatise from the first half of the 11th century, there is a thematic fragment containing a description of military apparatus and their use in battles. In this article, the point of view that we are really dealing with a description of military apparatus and not with a symbolic description of the psychophysical practices of Buddhist yoga is developed. In our point of view, the reason for the subject of war being represented in this Buddhist work should be searched for in the reality of the tragic times in which the text was made―the times of destructive raids made on India by the ruler Mahmud of Ghazni. The article classifies the military apparatus mentioned in the Śrī-kālacakra-nāma-tantra-rāja, describes the basic technical characteristics of these mechanisms, and considers their function. The given subjects are considered with the drawing in the commentary Vimalaprabhā (11th century) and commentaries by Tibetan scholar Buton Rinchen Drub (1290–1364).
Measuring the body of god: Temple plan construction and proportional measurement in early texts on north Indian architecture
Authors: Jaskūnas Valdas
Published: February 2019

Vilnius UniversityBy reconsidering the fragments from early texts on north Indian temple architecture, namely the Purāṇas and their supposed sources, this paper sets out to explore the accounts of arrangement of the plans for temple ground plans and the modes of proportional measurement. It is contended that the general system of proportional measurement, called sāmānya or sarvasādhāraṇa and elaborated on in the texts under discussion, comprises temple garbha-shrines of various scales and forms, from which measurements for the entire temple structure are derived. The importance given to the garbha-shrine is attested by the method of classification of diverse temple types that are distinguished by the geometrical form of the ground plan of the garbha-shrine. It is consequently suggested that the arrangement of the ground plan of a garbha-shrine adapted by temple architects most probably reiterated the practices used for building Vedic altars, the layouts of which, as the Śulbasūtras state, might have served as models for structuring the ground plans of garbha-shrines.
Teaching languages—understanding cultures. A few remarks on feeling and experiencing in Hindi
Authors: Stasik Danuta
Published: February 2019

University of WarsawThis article offers an overview of the expression of emotions in the Hindi language. First it discusses the Hindi word man, which in day-to-day communication denotes that something that is inside an individual, where one’s thoughts are born and thanks to which one can feel. Then, with reference to the opinion of Owen M. Lynch that in Hindi there is no specific equivalent of the verb to feel, the argument focuses on the analysis of a few examples of sentences in English, Hindi and Polish; all the English sentences feature the verb to feel, though not all of them refer to emotions/emotional states. The analysis reveals that in Hindi the equivalents of the verb to feel are less frequently used than in English (Polish stands somewhere in between). They appear especially in situations when one wants to share feelings that have been experienced with others. Also of great importance is that in Hindi in the majority of the sentences analysed the so-called experiencer subjects, or dative experiencer subjects, are used.
Marija Rudzinskaitė-Arcimavičienė’s contribution to Egyptology (in commemoration of the 125th anniversary of the scholar’s birth)
Authors: Snitkuvienė Aldona
Published: February 2019

M.K. Čiurlionis National Museum of Art The article is devoted to the contribution of Lithuania’s first professional Egyptologist, Marija Rudzinskaitė-Arcimavičienė (16 July 1885–4 May 1941), to the science of Egyptology. The discussion is centred around the formation of Rudzinskaitė-Arcimavičienė’s interest in Oriental studies, her academic activities at the University of Lithuania, her scholarly and popular publications, her scientific and organisational activities, her participation in international congresses of Orientalists, her collection of Egyptian antiquities, the most relevant trends in her scholarly research, and a general overview of her activities within the sphere of Egyptology.
Waldemar Jochelson—a prominent ethnographer of north-eastern Siberia
Authors: Brandišauskas Donatas
Published: February 2019

Vilnius University This article overviews the biography and ethnographic research of prominent Litvak anthropologist Waldemar Jochelson. It discusses his extensive and influential ethnographic fieldwork among indigenous people in eastern Siberia. The author of the article argues that Jochelson’s methodology, comparative research, theoretical approaches, and scientific results can have a distinctive value in history and, in particular, anthropology and ethnology studies in Lithuania.
Georg Forster in Vilnius: Reverberations of the great age of ocean navigation
Authors: Švambarytė Dalia
Published: February 2019

Vilnius University This article discusses the contribution to the studies of the ‘Eastern’ and ‘Southern’ lands in the 18th century by naturalist, travel writer, and ethnologist George Forster, who had accompanied his father, Johann Reinhold Forster, on Captain James Cook’s expedition of 1772–5 to circumnavigate the globe and who was a professor of natural history at Vilnius University from 1784 to 1787. The paper presents the background of European long-distance navigation, examines Forster’s contribution to Cook’s second voyage, and reconsiders his work completed at the Vilnian Academy against the broader perspective of the European notions of travel literature and ethnography of the Pacific region, as well as the prospect of Oriental studies, gradually emerging as an academic field in Western Europe and, later on, in Vilnius.
At the source of Vilnius Altaic studies
Authors: Tulisow Jerzy
Published: February 2019

University of WarsawThis paper presents the life and achievements of three Polish Orientalists connected with Vilnius: Mongolist Józef Kowalewski (1801–1878), Turkologist Antoni Muchliński (1808–1877), and Altaist and Mongolist Władysław Kotwicz (1872–1944).
Candrakīrti’s theory of perception: A case for non-foundationalist epistemology in Madhyamaka
Authors: Thakchoe Sonam
Published: February 2019

University of TasmaniaSome argue that Candrakīrti is committed to rejecting all theories of perception in virtue of the rejection of the foundationalisms of the Nyāya and the Pramāṇika. Others argue that Candrakīrti endorses the Nyāya theory of perception. In this paper, I will propose an alternative non-foundationalist theory of perception for Candrakīriti. I will show that Candrakrti’s works provide us sufficient evidence to defend a typical Prāsagika’s account of perception that, I argue, complements his core non-foundationalist ontology.
LGBTQ Youth in Unstable Housing and Foster Care
Authors: Baams Laura , Wilson Bianca D.M. , Russell Stephen T.
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ) youth are suggested to be overrepresented in unstable housing and foster care. In the current study, we assess whether LGBTQ youth are overrepresented in unstable housing and foster care and examine disparities in school functioning, substance use, and mental health for LGBTQ youth versus heterosexual youth in unstable housing and foster care.

METHODS:

A total of 895 218 students (10–18 years old) completed the cross-sectional California Healthy Kids Survey from 2013 to 2015. Surveys were administered in 2641 middle and high schools throughout California. Primary outcome measures included school functioning (eg, school climate, absenteeism), substance use, and mental health.

RESULTS:

More youth living in foster care (30.4%) and unstable housing (25.3%) self-identified as LGBTQ than youth in a nationally representative sample (11.2%). Compared with heterosexual youth and youth in stable housing, LGBTQ youth in unstable housing reported poorer school functioning (Bs = −0.10 to 0.40), higher substance use (Bs = 0.26–0.28), and poorer mental health (odds ratios = 0.73–0.80). LGBTQ youth in foster care reported more fights in school (B = 0.16), victimization (B = 0.10), and mental health problems (odds ratios = 0.82–0.73) compared with LGBTQ youth in stable housing and heterosexual youth in foster care.

CONCLUSIONS:

Disparities for LGBTQ youth are exacerbated when they live in foster care or unstable housing. This points to a need for protections for LGBTQ youth in care and care that is affirming of their sexual orientation and gender identity.
Sleep Problems in 2- to 5-Year-Olds With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Other Developmental Delays
Authors: Reynolds Ann M. , Soke Gnakub N. , Sabourin Katherine R. , Hepburn Susan , Katz Terry , Wiggins Lisa D. , Schieve Laura A. , Levy Susan E.
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND:

Sleep problems can impact daytime behavior, quality of life, and overall health. We compared sleep habits in young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other developmental delays and disorders and in children from the general population (POP).

METHODS:

We included 2- to 5-year-old children whose parent completed all items on the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) in a multisite case-control study: 522 children with ASD; 228 children with other developmental delays and disorders with autism spectrum disorder characteristics (DD w/ASD); 534 children with other developmental delays and disorders without autism spectrum disorder characteristics (DD w/o ASD); and 703 POP. Multivariable analysis of variance compared CSHQ mean total score (TS) and subscale scores between groups. Logistic regression analysis examined group differences by using TS cutoffs of 41 and 48. Analyses were adjusted for covariates.

RESULTS:

Mean CSHQ TS for children in each group: ASD (48.5); DD w/ASD (50.4); DD w/o ASD (44.4); and POP (43.3). Differences between children with ASD and both children with DD w/o ASD and POP were statistically significant. Using a TS cutoff of 48, the proportion of children with sleep problems was significantly higher in children in the ASD group versus DD w/o ASD and POP groups (adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence intervals]: 2.12 [1.57 to 2.87] and 2.37 [1.75 to 3.22], respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:

Sleep problems are more than twice as common in young children with ASD and DD w/ASD. Screening for sleep problems is important in young children to facilitate provision of appropriate interventions.
Influence of flow velocity, river size, a dam, and an urbanized area on biodiversity of lowland rivers
Authors: Ivicheva K. N. , Makarenkova N. N. , Zaytseva V. L. , Philippov D. A.
Published: February 2019

Biodiversity of aquatic organisms is formed under the influence of not only natural, but also anthropogenic factors. In this work, the influence of the flow velocity, river size, flow regulation and urbanization on various groups of aquatic organisms was studied in several lowland rivers. The study was conducted in 2013 on six tributaries of the Upper Sukhona River. Five sampling sites were in different parts of the Vologda River and five sites on small rivers, Losta, Lukhta, Komya, Chernyj Shingar, and Belyj Shingar (one site per river). Phytoplankton, zooplankton and zoobenthos were sampled six times, from April to October, and macrophytes were studied in August. In total, 469 species of aquatic organisms were found in the tributaries of the Upper Sukhona River, belonging to the following phyla: Cyanophyta (5 species), Chrysophyta (8), Bacillariophyta (62), Xanthophyta (1), Cryptophyta (10), Dinophyta (4), Euglenophyta (12), Chlorophyta (17), Streptophyta (1), Bryophyta (2), Marchantiophyta (3), Equisetophyta (1), Magnoliophyta (63), Rotifera (22), Cnidaria (1), Platyhelmintes (1), Annelida (29), Mollusca (33), Arthropoda (194). The maximum number of species was found in the Vologda River, the largest of all the tributaries. The number of zoobenthos species was similar at different sites in the Vologda River and in the small rivers. The number of species of other groups of aquatic organisms in the small rivers was lower than those registered in the Vologda River. The greatest number of macrophyte and zoobenthos species was recorded in the Upper Vologda River and Belyj Shingar River, where the flow is strong all the year round. The greatest number of phyto- and zooplankton species was found at the extra-city sites where current is almost absent. In the dam backwater, species richness was higher than that registered downstream of the dam. At the same time, the species richness of macrophytes and zoobenthos in the dam backwater was lower. The smallest number of species was found in the Vologda River, downstream of the city of Vologda. Decreases in the species richness and Shannon’s biodiversity index were witnessed in the Vologda River city site and in the small rivers, as they get closer to the city. Cluster analyses performed for the studied groups of aquatic organisms showed dissimilar results; however, the studied sites on the Vologda River having the highest anthropogenic load formed a cluster. Aquatic organisms of the Upper Sukhona tributaries experience both natural (flow velocity and size of the watercourse) and anthropogenic factors (proximity to the city and flow regulation).