bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Speech to Text Conversion in Turkish: An Analysis of Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Gencyilmaz Izel Zeynep , Karaoğlan Kürşat Mustafa
Published: June 2024

The Conversion of Speech to Text (CoST) is crucial for developing automated systems to understand and process voice commands. Studies have focused on developing this task, especially for Turkish-specific voice commands, a strategic language in the international arena. However, researchers face various challenges, such as Turkish's suffixed structure, phonological features and unique letters, dialect and accent differences, word stress, word-initial vowel effects, background noise, gender-based sound variations, and dialectal differences. To address the challenges above, this study aims to convert speech data consisting of Turkish-specific audio clips, which have been limitedly researched in the literature, into texts with high-performance accuracy using different Machine Learning (ML) models, especially models such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks (CRNNs). For this purpose, experimental studies were conducted on a dataset of 26,485 Turkish audio clips, and performance evaluation was performed with various metrics. In addition, hyperparameters were optimized to improve the model's performance in experimental studies. A performance of over 97% has been achieved according to the F1-score metric. The highest performance results were obtained with the CRNN approach. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the strengths and limitations of various ML models applied to CoST. In addition to potentially contributing to a wide range of applications, such as supporting hard-of-hearing individuals, facilitating notetaking, automatic captioning, and improving voice command recognition systems, this study is one of the first in the literature on CoST in Turkish.
Features of clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of Bertolotti syndrome: а clinical case
Authors: Sklyarenko Oxana V. , Larionov Sergey N. , Zhivotenko Alexandr P. , Potapov Vitaly E. , Gorbunov Anatoly V.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: One of the causes of pain in the lumbar spine may be congenital spinal column malformations. Bertolotti syndrome is a clinical and radiological symptom complex associated with sacralization of the LV vertebra, leading to disruption of the biomechanics of the lumbosacral spine and accelerated degeneration of facet joints and intervertebral discs, followed by foraminal and central stenosis of the spinal canal. The clinical manifestations of the disease can be polymorphic, and their cause is multifactorial. Thus, along with pain in the lumbar spine, patients with sacralization of the LV vertebra suffer from numbness and paresthesia in the lower extremities. The incidence of pathology ranges from 4% to 8%, mainly affecting elderly and mature people.
СLINICAL CASE DESCRIPTION: Patient S was born in 1982 with long-term nonspecific pain in the back and lower limb; she presented to the Neurosurgical Department of the Irkutsk Scientific Center for Surgery and Traumatology. During a clinical neurological examination and additional introscopic studies of the lumbar spine, dorsopathy diagnosed. Degenerative spondyloarthrosis LIV–LV grade III according to D. Weishaupt. Sacralization of the LV vertebra type IIa according to Castellvi A.E. Syndrome of lumbar ischialgia on the right. Persistent pain and muscle-tonic syndrome. Minimally invasive interventional treatment was performed: pulsed radiofrequency ablation of the dorsal ganglion and radicular nerve at the level of the foraminal openings LIV–LV on the right and thermal radiofrequency ablation of the recurrent nerve of Luschka at the level of LIV–LV and LV–SI on the right. In the postoperative period, the intensity of the pain syndrome decreased, and the patient was discharged to work.
CONCLUSION: A promising method of minimally invasive surgery is radiofrequency ablation in the area of neoarthrosis for denervation and relief of pathological pain impulses. Assessing the patient’s complaints, carefully collecting anamnesis, interpreting data from a clinical and neurological examination, and introscopic methods of examining the lumbar spine enables establishing an accurate diagnosis and selecting the most effective treatment method.
Endülüs'te Çocuk Terbiyesi ve Eğitimi
Authors: Erbil Kadir
Published: June 2024

Öz. Endülüs Emevî Devleti, İslam'ın Altın Çağı olarak bilinen dönemde (8. ile 15. yüzyıl arası), çocuk terbiyesi ve eğitimine büyük önem veren bir medeniyetin parçasıydı. Bu dönemde, Endülüs Emevîleri bilim, sanat, mimari ve edebiyat alanlarında önemli başarılar elde etmiş ve bu başarıların temelinde eğitim sisteminin etkisi büyük olmuştur. Çocuk terbiyesi, Endülüs Emevî Devleti'nde ahlaki değerlere, dini öğretilere ve sosyal sorumluluklara vurgu yaparak şekillenmiştir. Eğitim, genç bireylerin sadece akademik başarılarını değil, aynı zamanda karakter gelişimini de kapsayan bütünlüklü bir yaklaşımla tasarlanmıştır. Endülüs Emevîleri’nde çocuklar, bilim, matematik, tıp ve dil alanlarında kapsamlı bir eğitim almışlardır. Medrese sistemleri, öğrencilere geniş bir bilgi yelpazesi sunmuş ve öğrencilerin özgün düşünce becerilerini geliştirmelerine olanak tanımıştır. Ayrıca, sanat ve edebiyat alanlarında da özel dersler ve atölye çalışmalarıyla çocukların yaratıcılıkları teşvik edilmiştir. Endülüs Emevîleri, çocuk terbiyesi ve eğitimine verdiği önemle bilinen bir medeniyet olmuştur. Bu dönemdeki eğitim anlayışı, bilgi, ahlaki değerler ve sosyal sorumlulukların entegre edilmesiyle çocukların iyi şekilde yetişmelerini sağlamıştır. Araştırmada Endülüs’te çocuk eğitimine verilen değer, aile, analık, babalık, çocuk terbiyesi ve eğitimi, çocuğun eğitimi sırasında yapılmaması gereken hususlar, çocuğun herhangi bir mesleğe yönlendirilmesi, Endülüs’te çocuk oyunları, çocuk sağlığı ve tedavi yöntemleri, eğitim sistemi, eğitim kurumları hakkında bilgiler verilmeye çalışıldı. Bu alanda fazla bir araştırma yapılmadığı düşünülerek uzun süren bir araştırma sonucunda çeşitli veriler elde edilmiştir.
Embodied Coming-out Stories
Authors:   , Kling Madeline Rose , Morningstar Dawn
Published: June 2024

This paper looks at how a clinician can use dance/movement therapy-based choreography and performance to promote protective factors for the queer community using coming-out stories. Rich literature already exists around coming-out and embodied narratives. The literature around coming out encompasses themes around identity, effects of oppressive systems, activism, and social connections. These themes can become risk or protective factors based on an individual's contexts and experiences. Interestingly, choreography and performance literature show that therapeutically embodied narratives promote identity development, activism, empowerment, and social connection through externalization and expression. The literature reveals that the goals or desired protective factors around coming out align with the outcomes of using choreography and performance therapeutically. Because no current literature ties these themes together, my project aims to fill the gap through a workshop and choreographed presentation. The workshop was developed using elements from the literature and included an introduction, warm-up, safe-space anchor, choreographing your coming-out story, performance, and a debrief. From the four attendees, themes arose, such as empowerment, catharsis, expression, peace, and connection to the queer identity. The responses from the attendees demonstrate that the workshop created space for protective factors surrounding coming-out stories to blossom. In the future, this work can be brought to the larger queer community to increase positive impact on the mental health. It can also be brought to dance/movement therapists as a tool for working with the LQBTQIA+ community.
The Construction of Cultural Diversity in EFL Textbooks for Chinese Primary Students: A Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Fu Xiaoou
Published: June 2024

This essay discusses the construction of cultural diversity in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) textbooks for Chinese primary students, particularly for senior students in primary school. For analyzing materials in this textbook, this essay adopts several examples in the textbook to prove that the learning materials reflect different cultural diversity and students’ attitudes on this. Firstly, the essay will briefly introduce Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), which will be used to analyze the textbook’s cultural diversity. Furthermore, the methodological framework will be introduced by explaining the primary analyzing process, and then the discursive construction of cultural value reflected in the material is analyzed and explained in detail [1]. Also, this part includes the influence of cultural diversity in primary students’ social and ideology identities, which provides a sufficient explanation for designing textbooks considering cultural diversity. Lastly, the conclusion will summarise the main finding and the implications of using ideological teaching materials for Chinese primary students in the EFL education context.
The Relationship between Senior High School Students’ Foreign Language Learning Boredom and English Achievement
Authors: Shen Yingfei , Ying Jianfen
Published: June 2024

This study aims to examine how Foreign Language Learning Boredom (FLLB) is related to foreign language achievement of Chinese senior high school students in an English as a foreign language context. Informed by the control-value theory, the questionnaire of FLLB was administered to 128 senior high school Chinese students in grade one. Analysis of the questionnaire data and the final English exam scores shows that FLLB among senior high school students in China was at a medium level. Specifically, of the seven dimensions, the level of PowerPoint presentation boredom was the highest, while the level of Teacher-dislike boredom was the lowest; a negative correlation was found between students’ FLLB and English achievement. Of seven dimensions, foreign language classroom boredom, under-challenging task boredom, homework boredom, general learning trait boredom, and over-challenging or meaningless task boredom were significantly relevant to English final exam scores. Moreover, FLLB contributed significantly to the negative prediction of English test scores.
Brazilian scientific publications in Information Science indexed in the Web of Science
Authors: Pastana Neves João Paulo , Lopes dos Santos Júnior Roberto
Published: June 2024

In the 50 years of Information Science history at Brazil, a lot of research has been carried out in the field of scientific information being the genesis of CI, contributing to scientific advancement is its journey in the hall of science. The objective of the article was to analyze the scientific production of CI in Brazil in the 50 years of history in the Web of Science (WoS), through a quantitative and qualitative approach, using bibliometric analysis as a method. After data collection, this analysis took place using the VOSvierwer and Gephi software, 207 scientific publications were retrieved from the year 1971 to the year 2021, including scientific articles (original, review and annals). The publications involved 416 authors, 23 countries, 142 institutions, 46 journals and 708 keywords, with 87.27% of the publications concentrated in the last 11 years. The periodical Informação Sociedade Estudos was the scientific journal that most published scientific documents, with 39 of the total. In addition, researchers Bufrem (UNESP) and Martinez-Ávila (ULE-ESP/UNESP) and the institutions UNESP and UFMG were the largest producers of scientific publications. Regarding international collaboration, 12.72% of the works were produced in partnership with various institutions around the world, with Europe being the highlight with 71.46%.
Effect of fertilizer treatments on sugar beet cultivars: A comprehensive study on crop yield and nutrient contents of soil and plant in chestnut soil of Kazakhstan
Authors: Kaliyeva Saira , Suleimenov Beibut , Rvaidarova Gulnissam , Konysbekov Kerimkul , Muminova Sholpan S. , Raimbekova Baktigul
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different fertilizer treatments on the growth, yield, and nutrient content of two sugar beet cultivars, Aksu (Kazakhstan) and Yampol (Poland), cultivated in the Almaty region of Kazakhstan. The experiment was conducted using a complete randomized block design with three replicates, comprising six treatments: control (without fertilizer), N120P120K90, and N130P130K130 for both cultivars. The soil's physical and chemical properties were analyzed, revealing a foothill light chestnut soil with favorable nutrient levels. Results indicated that the N130P130K130 treatment significantly increased soil available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents, leading to enhanced sugar beet growth, nutrient uptake, and yield. Both cultivars responded positively to the increased nutrient levels, with the N130P130K130 treatment showing the highest yield of 785.6 tons/ha for Aksu and 802.5 tons/ha for Yampol. Furthermore, nutrient content in tubers and leaves was significantly higher in the N130P130K130 treatment compared to other treatments. These findings underscore the importance of balanced nutrient management tailored to specific cultivars for optimizing sugar beet productivity and soil fertility in diverse agro-climatic conditions. Adopting balanced mineral nutrient management approaches could offer promising solutions to enhance sugar beet productivity and sustainability. Future research should focus on exploring long-term effects and integrated nutrient management strategies for sustainable sugar beet cultivation.
Performance Evaluation of Jakarta Polder Based on the Sustainable Urban Polder Model (SUPM)
Authors: Winaktoe Wied Wiwoho , Schultz Bart , Nurhamidah N.
Published: June 2024

Although economic and institutional reports have yielded relevant insights, they have not been linked to the polders’ performances since the Jakarta flood control study 2004. As a result, two crucial shortcomings have arisen: the absence of an integrated conclusion and a deficiency in model assessment. The Sustainable Urban Polder Model (SUPM) was developed to integrate Technical, Financial, and Institutional (TFI) aspects to address this gap. This research addresses two core questions: First, what is the structure of the SUPM? Second, what insights can be gleaned regarding the Polder Boards? This research aims to formulate SUPM and investigate the Polder Board’s impact on Pluiton Pulo Mas and Pantai Indah Kapuk (PIK) Polders. The formulation of SUPM is conducted using the Partial Least Squares- Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM). Further, the PLS-SEM’s i) R2 is utilized as model validation and ii) the weight-value to describe the impact of inter TFI. The sustainable management construct’s R2 of Pluit, Pulo Mas, and PIK attain 49.2%, 35.9%, and 96.2 %, respectively. The polder’s technical construct’s R2 towards inundation in Pluit, Pulo Mas, and PIK Polders, respectively, attains R2 = 68.3%, R2 =94.5% and R2 = 26.0%. The pathway of Sustainable Management towards Open Water reveals that PIK Polder has a positive contribution (+0.606) due to its operational management. Conversely, Pluit and Pulo Mas Polders exhibit negative weight values (-0.396 and -0.866, respectively), indicating the risk of inability to maintain the open water storage. Consequently, establishing Polder Boards is essential for these polders.
Implementation of Microcapsules of Noni Fruit Extract (Morinda citrifolia L) as a Feed Additive on Nutritional Digestibility and Performance of Sentul Chickens
Authors: Tanwiriah Wiwin , Nurlaeni Leni , Abun Abun , Widjastuti Tuti , Asmara Indrawati Yuda , Setiawan Iwan
Published: June 2024

The continuous use of growth promoter (AGP) antibiotics in rearing chickens will cause residues in the meat. Finding a natural antibiotic derived from herbal plants that noni fruit is necessary. Microencapsulation of noni fruit extract (MNFE) was reported to positively affect poultry nutrition absorption. The research was conducted to determine the effect of MNFE with maltodextrin and its implementation as a feed additive to nutrient digestibility and the performance of Sentul chicken. The experiment used 100 Sentul chicks with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with five treatments and four replications. The treatment consisted of basal ration T0 (control), T1 (basal ration + 50 mg/kg Zinc-Bacitracin), T2 (basal ration + 125 mg/kg MNFE), T3 (basal ration + 125 mg/kg MNFE), and T4 (basal ration + 375 mg/kg MNFE). Variables observed were nutrient digestibility (crude protein digestibility, dry matter digestibility, organic matter digestibility, metabolic energy, nitrogen retention) and performance (feed consumption, body weight gain, feed efficiency). The results showed that Crude Protein Digestibility (CPD), Dry Matter Digestibility (DMD), Organic Matter Digestibility (OMD), metabolic energy, nitrogen retention, and performance of Sentul chicken were significantly (p<0.05) different in the group when compared to controls. It was concluded that adding 250 mg/kg MNFE could improve Sentul chicken's best nutrient digestibility and growth performance. It is recommended to be used as a feed additive to replace AGP.
Chemical Component Analysis of Marine Sponge Extract of Potentially Medicinal Based on Solvent Differences
Authors: Marzuki Ismail , Heri Isnawan Bambang , Arnol Muhammad , Rahmiyah  , Suciati  , Amin Arfandi , Hafizh Laode Muhamad , Asaf Ruzkiah , Athirah Admi , Aulia Deni
Published: June 2024

Tracing and characterizing marine natural materials with special medicinal abilities is important to obtain new materials to enrich the diversity of drugs to treat particular diseases. The identification of the chemical components of sponges is interesting, considering the uniqueness and several other abilities possessed by sponges that are thought to have medicinal potential. Searching for chemical components in sponge extracts is suspected to contain secondary metabolic substances with medicinal potential. The study aimed to identify the chemical components of sponge extract with potential medicinal value based on differences in solvents. The first extract on the sponge Clathria (Thalysias) reinwardti  Sp.1 (CTR) by maceration method using semi-polar solvents (methanol). The second extraction uses a separating funnel with two types of non-polar solvents (diethyl-ether and n-hexane). The chemical components of the three extracts were analyzed using a gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometer instrument. The identified chemical components of sponge extract generally belong to the class of free fatty acids and cholesterol. Investigation of identified compounds with medicinal value chemical components, for example, Cholestan-3.alpha.-ol, Ergosta-5, Hexadecanoic acid, 1-(2,6-Dichlorophenyl)-2-indolinone and Pyridine-3-carboxamide. Searching for chemical components with medicinal potential from sponge extracts is novelty research based on differences in solvents, a new method. Complementing the data from this research, it is necessary to carry out further and specific searches related to chemical components with medicinal properties, which can be carried out by chromatographic fractionation and testing the activity of the extract against bacteria. pathogens and parasitic fungi.
Optimizing Railway Capacity Concerning Freight Transport Addition
Authors: Widyastuti Hera , Ikhwan Maylana
Published: June 2024

To enhance railway utilization for freight transportation, it is crucial to integrate railroads with industrial zones and ports. This is particularly important for the central line railroad of North Java, which is located near numerous ports and industrial zones in East Java. A comprehensive analysis of railway capacity is necessary to ensure smooth train traffic flow. This study uses Indonesian methodology equations and a linear programming approach to assess the feasibility of adding more trains and establishing suitable headways. The case studies focus on train insertions from potential stations connected to ports in both westward and eastward directions. The train timetables of PT KAI (Indonesia’s Railway Company) as a train operator for 2019 and 2021 serve as the basis for this analysis. The analysis reveals that in 2019, it is possible to introduce 11 trains per day from Duduk Station heading west and 14 trains per day from Duduk Station heading east. Looking at the 2021 timetable, the analysis suggests the potential introduction of 12 trains per day heading west and 18 trains per day heading east from Duduk Station. These findings provide valuable insights for developing effective strategies to ensure efficient and seamless freight transportation by rail in Indonesia. This analysis highlights the potential for increasing train frequency and capacity, which can contribute to the overall development and growth of the railway sector in Indonesia.
Notas introdutórias à Teoria Geral de Keynes e sua disseminação
Authors: Barros Luciano Alencar , Vilella Caio Vinicius Fernandes , Carneiro Vinicius
Published: June 2024

O presente artigo se propõe a apresentar, de forma sintética e didática, a Teoria Geral de Keynes, contextualizando-a dentro da trajetória de vida do autor, bem como apresentar como esta obra foi sendo absorvida dentro do debate acadêmico nos anos subsequentes à publicação. O objetivo é tornar tal arcabouço analítico mais acessível para estudantes a nível de graduação. Assim, é exposto o contexto no qual o autor elaborou sua obra, bem como alguns dos principais elementos dela, em especial aqueles que implicam a determinação dos níveis de produto (em geral) abaixo do pleno emprego, justificando a adoção de políticas econômicas a fim de preencher eventuais insuficiências de demanda. Por fim, também são apresentadas algumas interpretações que se seguiram à publicação da principal obra de Keynes e que acabaram por remoldar a formulação original, no que ficou conhecido como “Síntese Neoclássica”.
UM AMBIENTE CONSTRUÍDO? APORTES DA SOCIOLOGIA AMBIENTAL PARA REFLETIR A PRÁTICA DE FAZER SANEAMENTO NO BRASIL
Authors: Pessoa Cláudia De Fátima Ferreira , Ribeiro Tânia Guimarães
Published: June 2024

O artigo objetiva refletir sobre como os pressupostos da sociologia ambiental, sobretudo o debate entre as correntes do construcionismo social e do realismo, acerca dos problemas ambientais pode auxiliar na análise de como a política e projetos de saneamento básico são elaborados, bem como busca auxiliar em uma reorientação da política a partir da análise de dados obtidos em pesquisa de campo realizada, sobre a obra de macrodrenagem do Canal Lago Verde, afluente do Rio Tucunduba, junto às lideranças do Movimento Pró Lago Verde, na Terra Firme, bairro da cidade de Belém, Pará. Dessa forma, a metodologia, de cunho qualitativo, envolveu a revisão de referências da Sociologia Ambiental (ALMEIDA; PREMEBIDA, 2014; GUIVANT, 2002; HANNIGAN, 2009; MATTEDI, 2015) e do saneamento básico (SOUZA, 2015, BORJA, 2016; REZENDE; HELLER, 2008). A partir do histórico da política a nível nacional e reflexão sobre as tendências e características que baseiam muitas práticas da engenharia, principal área que concretiza o saneamento, atesta-se que a perspectiva construcionista da sociologia ambiental, que compreende as preocupações com o meio ambiente como resultado de construções políticas, culturais, sociais, econômicas pode e deve se articular aos preceitos que o realismo abraça, isto é, de analisar fatos concretos que se desdobram mediante uma série de acontecimentos, independentes da suposição que se faz deles. A vertente realista teve como principais expoentes os acadêmicos Dunlap e Catton, criadores do Novo Paradigma Ecológico, NEP, que visava o estudo das relações entre meio ambiente e sociedade. Assim, conclui-se que devem ser considerados os repertórios e narrativas construídas pela sociedade acerca da noção de saneamento, pois estes refletem as próprias representações sobre sociedade e natureza, que se encontram intimamente entrelaçadas em tal política.
UM BRICOLEUR NO MANGUE: NATUREZA, IMAGINÁRIO E A PRODUÇÃO DE SABERES NO MANGUEZAL
Authors: Oliveira Marcus Vinicius Cunha
Published: June 2024

O artigo investiga a produção dos saberes e a construção do imaginário de mariscadores de caranguejo da localidade de Bacuriteua, em Bragança, no Pará. A vila é cortada pela rodovia Bragança-Ajuruteua, empreendimento que aterrou 26km de manguezal entre o município de Bragança e a praia de Ajuruteua, no nordeste do Pará e impactou a vida de centenas de trabalhadores das vilas atravessadas por ela. Com base em jornais, fotografias e relatos orais foram analisadas as representações de natureza de mariscadores de caranguejo, a forma como eles interagem e constroem saberes, elaborando estratégias e táticas para se reproduzirem socialmente e interpretarem o meio em que vivem. Conclui-se que há a produção de saberes tão válidos quanto os conhecimentos produzidos pela ciência moderna, com a introdução de novos elementos culturais a partir da abertura da rodovia, assim como a permanência de práticas de uma cultura local, como os métodos de coleta, o conhecimento ecológico, a mitologia e parte da linguagem dos mariscadores, constituindo assim, um bricoleur de saberes.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DE UM DESIDRATADOR DE ALIMENTOS NA ABORDAGEM DE CONTEÚDOS DA MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Bracho Luis Andrés Castillo , Sánchez Ivonne C.
Published: June 2024

Este texto resulta de uma atividade da disciplina “Práticas Socioculturais e Educação Matemática I”, com o propósito de descrever os conhecimentos matemáticos e físicos presentes na prática sociocultural da construção de um desidratador solar. Ele fundamenta-se nos princípios teóricos das Práticas Socioculturais de Mendes e Farias (2014). As informações foram obtidas por meio da observação e descrição detalhada de um vídeo, no qual o artesão explica minuciosamente essa prática, vinculada ao campo da Permacultura. Após a análise do material audiovisual, identificaram-se os conhecimentos matemáticos e físicos, notadamente aqueles relacionados à geometria do caixote, envolvidos na construção e funcionamento do artefato. Ao organizar esses conhecimentos, torna-se possível contribuir para a mediação na sala de aula. Dessa maneira, é viável estabelecer uma conexão entre a escola e a cultura das regiões que incorporam essa prática em seu cotidiano, fomentando uma aprendizagem mais significativa e contextualizada para os estudantes dessas localidades.
GRADES URBANAS EM BELÉM DO PARÁ
Authors: Guerra Gutemberg Armando Diniz , Rosario Samuel Antonio Silva do
Published: June 2024

Construídas e instaladas como instrumentos de delimitação e impedimento de passagem de um lado para o outro, as grades podem se transformar em objetos de contemplação, evocando o conceito de conversão semiótica utilizado por Loureiro (1995, p. 36). As mais frequentes são retilíneas, posicionadas com as suas barras verticais, mas podemos encontrar essa disposição em situações muito diversas, como horizontais e deitadas. O poema a seguir chama atenção para aspectos desse equipamento que traduz transformações antropológicas e sociológicas importantes no centro da cidade de Belém, em particular nos bairros do Reduto, Campina, Centro Histórico, Umarizal, Nazaré e São Braz, podendo ser encontrados também em todas as partes da metrópole...
Teknologia garbietan inbertitzeko pizgarriak
Authors:   Universidad de Deusto, Larrea Basterra Macarena , Mosquera López Stephanía
Published: June 2024

Mundu mailan deskarbonizazioaren konpromisoa betetzeak teknologia garbietan inbertitzea eskatzen du, modu globalean. Horretarako, finantzaketa bolumen handiak behar dira, baina ingurunea konplexua da eta, gainera, zalantza teknologiko handiak daude eta baliabideak ez dira modu homogeneoan banatzen mundu osoan zehar. Egoera horren aurrean, teknologia garbietan inbertitzeko pizgarriek, behar bezala diseinatzen badira, inbertsio pribatua bultza dezakete ingurumen helburuak lortzeko. Txosten honek teknologia garbietan inbertitzeko funts beharrak, ingurumen jasangarritasunerantz aurrera egiteko gaur egun finantzaketan dagoen arrakala eta inbertsiorako pizgarria terminoaren kontzeptualizazioa lantzen ditu. Pizgarriak sei kategoria handitan sailkatzea proposatzen da: ekonomikoak, finantzarioak, fiskalak, merkatukoak, erregulazioak eta jakintza eta lankidetzakoak. Ondoren, hainbat herrialdetan (Ameriketako Estatu Batuak, Europar Batasuna, Txina, Kanada, India eta Erresuma Batua) nola ezartzen ari diren deskribatzen da. Azkenik, azterketaren ondorioak adierazi eta teknologia garbietan inbertitzeko pizgarriak diseinatu, ezarri, kontrolatu eta eragina ebaluatzeko kontuan hartzeko elementuen eta dimentsioen inguruko hausnarketa proposatzen da.
The Constitutional Law Science on State Law Reforms
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Human Rights of the Law Faculty of the University for the Humanities, Denisov Sergey A.
Published: June 2024

The author attracts attention to the difference between the constitutional law science, the pre-constitutional state law science and the state ideology. The attitude to state law reforms depends on the researcher’s position: the position of a specialist in state law or constitutional law. Constitutional scholars believe that reforms are actions aimed at movement of the country towards the constitutional structure. Reverse actions are called counter-reforms. The struggle for law stipulates resistance to counter-reforms of the state.
Criminal Law Protection of Relations Associated with the Development and Application of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Healthcare
Authors:   Senior Research Scientist of the Research Institute of Digital Technologies and Law, Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Law and Procedure of the Kazan, Shutova Albina A.
Published: June 2024

Legal issues related to holding people accountable for actions related to the use of intelligent systems in healthcare that led to negative consequences, including harm to the life and health of patients, have not yet been resolved. The problems of qualifying crimes committed by entities using artificial intelligence technologies in healthcare legally or illegally are considered, and measures are proposed to improve criminal legislation.
A Historical and Legal Analysis of the Concept of an Official as a Bribe Accepting Subject in Russian Laws
Authors:   Professor of the Academic Cluster of the Institute of Management and Territorial Development of the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kulikov Aleksandr V. , Petrak Nikita A. ,   Degree-Seeking Student of the Higher School of Law of the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the genesis of the concept of an official as a subject of receiving a bribe in domestic legislation with historical and legal forms. The process of formation of the concepts of “official”, “bribe”, “extortion” from the point of view of the criminal law is considered. The authors consider the retrospectives of the emergence and spread of these concepts, in this regard, the chronology of corruption manifestations in Russian society is highlighted. The article focuses on changes in the status and concept of an official in relation to the criminal law.
Estudio de caso de un apartamento turístico (AT) en Cáceres: factores que afectan a la calidad turística
Authors: Sánchez González María Gemma
Published: June 2024

La presente investigación considera la imperiosa novedad de los apartamentos turísticos (AT) como opción alternativa de alojamiento vacacional en ciudades españolas –preferentemente aquellas con patrimonio cultural significativo, como lo es Cáceres– y el sistema de calificación online en motores de búsqueda, como Booking.com, con el objetivo de analizar las características determinantes en la puntuación del sistema de calificación online a la hora de elegir un AT y cómo este aspecto afecta a la calidad de la experiencia turística. Por medio de un cuestionario basado en la escala de Likert cumplimentado por 105 huéspedes de los apartamentos turísticos El Patinillo Encanto, edificio ubicado en el casco antiguo de Cáceres, se dio a conocer cómo la fiabilidad de la reputación online les motivó a reservar y aumentó sus expectativas de calidad turística.
Esta investigación exploratoria supone una contribución relevante para el estudio de variables clave en la elección de un AT y revela seis factores determinantes en su selección por parte de los huéspedes: limpieza, ubicación, instalaciones/servicios, personal, comodidad y calidad/precio. Esto ofrece una previsión de comportamiento de futuras reservas para viajeros gracias a la ayuda de un sistema de promoción de reputación online.
Acil Servise Düşme Şikâyeti ile Başvuran Geriatrik Hastalara Bakış
Authors: Kavak Nezih , Balcı Nurgül
Published: June 2024

Amaç: Geriatrik düşme dünya çapında hızla büyüyen bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Bu çalışmanın amacı acil servise (AS) düşme nedeniyle başvuran geriatrik hastaları değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif kesitsel tipte çalışmada, AS e düşme nedeniyle başvuru yapan 65 yaş ve üstü hastaların yaşı, cinsiyeti, medeni hali, başvuru ayı, başvuru saati, son bir yıl içinde düşme hikayesi, geliş şekli, etkilenen vücut bölgesi, konsültasyon istenen birimler, yapılan radyolojik tetkikler, eski düşme öyküsü, özgeçmişindeki hastalıkları, yatış durumu ve mortalite değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: 1080 hastanın 718’i (%66,48) kadın, ortanca yaşı 77.00 (65-102) idi. Hastalar yaşlarına göre; 65-74 yaş aralığında olanlar grup 1 ve 75 yaş ve üstünde olanlar ise grup 2 olarak sınıflandırıldı. Grup 1 (65-74 yaş) hasta sayısı 435 (%40,28) iken grup 2 (75 yaş ve üstü) hasta sayısı 645 (%59.72) idi. Hastaların %49,07’si evli, %47.87’si ise boşanmış/dul idi. Boşanmış/dul olanların 75 yaş üstünde %57,52 oranındaydı. Yaş grupları ile medeni hal, cinsiyet ile medeni hal arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı sonuç bulundu (sırasıyla p=0.000, p=0.000). Hastaların düşme sonucunda şikayetleri en sık baş-boyun (%21,35) ve bacak-diz (%16,64) bölgelerinde idi.
Sonuç: Çalışmamız yaşlılarda düşme ile ilişkin stratejilerin belirlenmesi için yaş, cinsiyet ve medeni durumun risk faktörü olarak önemli olduğunu göstermektedir.
İnvaziv lobüler meme karsinomunun klinik özellikleri ve sağkalim sonuçları
Authors: Yılmaz Mukaddes , Erdiş Eda , Uçar Mahmut , Yücel Birsen
Published: June 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmada kliniğimize başvuran invaziv lobuler meme kanseri tanılı hastaların klinik özellikleri ve sağkalım sonuçlarını araştırdık.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Onkoloji Merkezi'ne 2007-2019 yılları arasında başvuranlardan invazif lobüler karsinom tanısı alan hastalar retrospektif olarak incelendi..
Bulgular: Çalışmada 1166 invaziv meme kanseri kadın hastanın dosyası incelenmiş ve bunlardan 64’ünün (5,5%) invaziv lobular meme kanseri alt tipinde olduğu tesbit edilmiştir. Tanıda 30 (47%) hastanın evre I-II, 31 (48%) hastanın evre III ve 3 (5%) hastanın ise evre IV olduğu tesbit edilmiştir. Histopatolojik değerlendirmelere göre hastaların 60’nda (94%) estrogen reseptörü (ER) pozitif, 53’ünde (83%) progesterone reseptörü (PR) pozitif, 6’sında (9%) HER2-pozitif olarak tesbit edildi. Yapılan tedaviler değerlendirildiğinde 48 (75%) hastaya modifiye radikal mastektomi, 15 (23%) hastaya meme koruyucu cerrahi uygulanmıştır ve 54 (84%) hastaya adjuvant kemoterapi, 55 (86%) hastaya hormonterapi ve 44 (69%) hastaya radyoterapi verilmiştir. Takipte 14 (22%) hastada metastaz tesbit edilmiş olup metastaza kadar geçen süre medyan 38 (6-76) aydı. Hastaların 5 yıllık genel sağkalım ve event-free survival sırasıyla 80% ve 73%’tü.
Sonuçlar: Çalışmamızda invaziv lobuler karsinomlu hastalar çoğunluğunu postmenopozal kadınların oluşturduğu, daha çok ileri evrelerde tanı alan, histopatolojik olarak hormon reseptörü pozitifliği yaygın görülen meme kanseri alt tipini temsil etmektedir.
Covid-19’un ruh sağlığı politikalarına yansımaları ve yeni Türkiye ruh sağlığı hizmet modeli
Authors: Akgül İsmail
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmada Covid-19’un ruh sağlığı politikalarına etkilerinin yansımaları incelenmiş ve bu çerçevede 19 katılımcı ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu uygulanmıştır. Katılımcıların, Covid-19 öncesi ruh sağlığı politikaları, Covid-19 pandemi döneminin ruh sağlığı üzerine etkileri ve Covid-19 sonrası pandeminin ruh sağlığı politikalarına etkileri sorgulanmıştır. Görüşmelerden elde edilen bulgular göstergebilimsel analiz ve içerik analiz yöntemleri ile analiz edilerek, sonuçlar literatür eşliğinde tartışılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre Pandemi öncesinde en fazla öne çıkan göstergeler ruh sağlığı hizmetlerinde yetersiz eksik veri, koruyucu hekimliğin yetersizliği, ilgili profesyonel sayısının az olması, önem verilmemesi ve hasta sayıları üzerinden değerlendirme yapılmasıdır. Pandemi sürecinde en fazla öne çıkan göstergeler yeterli donanıma sahip olmama, hastaları yalnız ve hastalıkları ile baş başa bırakma, ekiplerin yetersiz kalması göstergeleridir. Pandemi sonrasında en fazla öne çıkan göstergeler pandemi süreci ve öncesi ile ilgili göstergelere ilave olarak koruyucu hekimlik, etik, yasal sorumluluklar, katılım, online olanaklar ve sürdürülebilir diğer sistemlerle entegre model göstergeleridir. Sonuç olarak pandemi öncesi ve pandemi sürecinde elde edilen deneyimlerle, online danışmanlık (teleterapi, telepsikoloji ve telepsikiyatri ) ve buna yönelik yasal-etik düzenlemeleri içeren, ruh sağlığı yasasının yanı sıra, koruyucu hekimlik temel amaçlı ruh sağlığı politika ve hizmet modeline ihtiyaç vardır.
Maternal perception on use of edible insects for complementary feeding and nutritional status of children in Kakamega and Siaya Counties, Kenya
Authors:   Kenyatta University, Nakhosi RN , Kimiywe J , Munyaka A
Published: June 2024

Despite the high protein levels, essential fatty acids and minerals that are found in edible insects, they are still not being used in complementary feeding. The aim of this study was to investigate maternal perception on use of edible insects for complementary feeding and nutrition status of children in Kakamega and Siaya Counties, Kenya. The study adopted a cross-sectional analytical design which was used on a sample of 592 mother-child pairs (aged 6-23 months) in Kisa North, West Yimbo and West Ugenya wards. Majority of the mothers were in the childbearing age group of 15-49 years, were married and 57.9% in Kisa North, 65.7% in West Ugenya and 64.6% in West Yimbo had attained primary education. Generally, 50.9%, 54.2% and 48.8% of the household heads in Kisa North, West Ugenya and West Yimbo, respectively had attained primary education. About 49.5% and 38.9% of the mothers in Kisa North and West Ugenya practiced farming while 35.3% of those in West Yimbo engaged in business. About 40.3% of the household heads in West Ugenya were farmers, 48.7% in Kisa North were casual labourers while 66.3% in West Yimbo engaged in fishing. Approximately 42.1%, 33.7% and 39.3% of the mothers in Kisa North, West Ugenya and West Yimbo respectively disagreed about the use of edible insects for complementary feeding. More than half (65.3%, 56.6% and 61.7%) of the children in Kisa North, West Ugenya and West Yimbo respectively attained the Minimum Dietary Diversity. More than half (58.9% and 55.8%) of the children in West Yimbo and West Ugenya respectively and 29.7% in Kisa North attained the Minimum Acceptable Diet. In terms of nutrition status, the prevalence rates of wasting were (6.3% in West Ugenya, 7.0% in West Yimbo and 6.0% in Kisa North), stunting rates (19.5% in West Ugenya and an equal proportion of 19.9% in West Yimbo and Kisa North) and underweight rates (9.2% in West Ugenya, 9.0% in West Yimbo and 8.8% in Kisa North). There were significant relationships between the maternal perceptions of the appropriateness of insects in complementary food and the ward of residence (ꭓ²=16.86, p value=0.030), marital status of the mother (ꭓ²=11.14, p value=0.025), main source of income for the household head (ꭓ²=33.35, p value=0.007) and the education level of the household head (ꭓ²=48.67, p value=0.009). This information will be useful to the Ministry of Health through the division of nutrition for inclusion in the MIYCN policy the use of edible insects as a complementary food. Key words: Children, Complementary feeding, Edible Insects, Nutritional Status, Maternal Perception
Assessment of knowledge, and practices of urban women towards folic acid fortified maize meal in Zimbabwe
Authors:   Midlands State University, Chikomba FO , Muchekeza JT ,   Midlands State University, Manhokwe S ,   Midlands State University, Ndlovu N ,   Midlands State University, Abel S ,   Nelson Mandela University, Abel ZD ,   Thornhill High School, Le Roux P ,   Nelson Mandela University, Manjeru P ,   Midlands State University
Published: June 2024

Neural tube defects (NTDs) are the second most common birth defects in humans and are associated with high rates of neonatal mortality, morbidity, disability, psychological and economic costs. Roughly 200,000 neonates are born with NTDs in low- and middle-income countries. To reduce the risks associated with NTDs, pregnant women are recommended to supplement their diets with folate tablets or to consume foods fortified with folic acid. Despite the introduction of a mandatory fortification program of maize meal with folic acid, in Zimbabwe, there is a paucity of literature about the perceptions of individuals towards fortified foods, as well as the storage and processing practices of fortified maize meal. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, as well as, storage and processing practices of folic acid-fortified maize meal in urban poor women. Data on knowledge and practices on fortified maize was gathered using a structured questionnaire from 630 women of childbearing age from low-income suburbs in Kwekwe town, Zimbabwe. The results showed that a paltry 26.3% of the respondents knew about folic acid, 22.5% knew about the effects of folic acid deficiency, 13.8% knew foodstuffs containing folic acid, 4% knew about food fortification and 35.6% had bought and used folic acid fortified maize meal before. Availability and accessibility were the main drivers to purchasing fortified maize meal (90%). There was no significant relationship (p < 0.05) between age and folic acid knowledge as well as between level of education and folic acid knowledge. Furthermore, the result indicates that the households were engaged in poor storage practices of the folic acid fortified maize meal. There was a significant relationship between the level of education and knowledge about food fortification. In conclusion, urban women's knowledge regarding folic acid and fortified maize meal is very low in Zimbabwe and households also store the folic acid fortified maize meal under conditions that speed deterioration of the folic acid. Folic acid awareness campaigns are recommended for people to benefit from the government of Zimbabwe's fortification programme. Key words: Neural tube defects, maize, folate, deficiency, fortification, women
Analysis of perceived competitive forces influencing tree tomato value chains in Rwanda
Authors:   University of Rwanda, Mutamba A , Odoul J , Dushimimana D , Mugunga C , Mukularinda A , Niyitanga F , Muthuri C
Published: June 2024

The globalization of economies has added many new challenges to global agriculture. Agriculture not only needs to compete in foreign markets but also in domestic markets. The production and export of tree tomatoes remain extremely weak in Rwanda despite horticulture sector-specific economic policies in favour of the production and export of horticultural crops by the government of Rwanda. The goal of this study was to analyse the competitive performance of Rwanda's tree tomato value chain to shape the tree tomato industry in Rwanda for the benefit of smallholder farmers and the Rwandan Economy. One hundred twenty (120) respondents were surveyed for this study using a semi-structured questionnaire and focus group discussions. Participants were stratified into groups as traders (80), institutional consumers (12), and household consumers (28) all from Bugesera, Nyabihu, Rubavu districts and Kigali markets (Nyabugogo, Nyarugenge and Kimironko). Key enablers (International Centre for Research in Agroforestry, Rwanda Agricultural Board, National Agricultural Export Board, and Ministry of Commerce and Financial institutions) provided useful information related to the tree tomato value chain in Rwanda. The findings of this study show that factors that hamper the tree tomato value chain competitiveness in Rwanda are related to bargaining power. Overall 63% of respondents who were tree tomato suppliers and 58.43% of respondents who were tree tomato buyers agreed that the bargaining power of suppliers and buyers hamper the competitiveness of the value chain. The study found that 70% of traders and 57% of consumers and institutional consumers preferred the tree tomato. Therefore, tree tomato is highly linked to consumers, traders, and institutions than banana which is the 38th fruit highly scored. The severity of the threat to the tree tomato industry is new entrants into the tree tomato industry, the intensity of rivalry in existing key competitors, and the severity of the threat of substitutes. The strategies proposed to improve on the competitiveness of the tree tomato industry comprise of improving collaboration of tree tomato chain actors. This study found that 75.69% of the sampled key actors agree that the highest criteria to be considered are the product quality, and 64.74% of the sampled key actors settled on product quality as the least criteria. Key words: tree tomato, smallholder farmers, consumers, traders, competitiveness, value chain, Rwanda