bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SAT339 Osteopenia In The Setting of Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion
Authors: Mao Jimmy J , McCowen Karen Clare , Choe Charles
Published: October 2023

Disclosure: J.J. Mao: None. K.C. McCowen: None. C. Choe: None.

Jimmy J. Mao, MD (1); Karen C. McCowen (1); Charles H. Choe (1)(1) Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.

Background: Over 80% of adrenal incidentalomas are benign adrenal cortical adenomas, of which 30-50% are found to have mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS). Bone fragility is a known complication of MACS. Clinical Case: A 57-year-old postmenopausal female with no prior history of fracture, venous thromboembolism, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, was referred for incidental bilateral adrenal nodules. Body mass index was normal at 21 kg/m2, and no clinical stigmata of Cushing syndrome were noted on physical exam. Unenhanced computed tomography scan revealed a 4.6 cm right adrenal nodule and a 3.3 cm left adrenal nodule; both nodules measured less than -18 Hounsfield Units.

Biochemical work-up for pheochromocytoma, primary aldosteronism, and non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia was negative. Evaluation for hypercortisolism revealed a morning cortisol of 20.3 mcg/dL (ref. 4-22 mcg/dL) with concurrent adrenocorticotropic hormone of <5 pg/mL (ref. 6-50 pg/mL), 24-hour urine free cortisol of 16.9 mcg (ref. 4-50 mcg), and midnight salivary cortisol of 0.07 mcg/dL (ref. <0.09 mcg/dL). A 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test measured on two separate occasions was elevated at 6.3 mcg/dL and 7.9 mcg/dL (ref. <1.8 mcg/dL). A subsequent 8 mg dexamethasone suppression test was also elevated at 6.1 mcg/dL (ref. <1.8 mcg/dL). The diagnosis of MACS was made. A bone mineral density (BMD) scan revealed T-scores at the right femoral neck, left femoral neck, and lumbar spine at -1.6, -1.3, and -0.8, respectively. Ten-year probability of major osteoporotic fracture and hip fracture were 8.3% and 1.0%, respectively. To reduce the risk for future fractures, the decision was made to proceed with adrenal vein sampling (AVS) in preparation for potential adrenalectomy.

Conclusion: MACS is the most frequent hormonal abnormality in adrenal incidentalomas, with an estimated prevalence of 0.8-2 cases per 1000 persons. A previous prospective study found that surgical cure of unilateral MACS may lead to a substantial risk reduction (up to 15-fold) of future incident asymptomatic vertebral fractures. Additionally, the highest risk for clinical fracture in those with adrenal adenomas (either nonfunctional or with cortisol hypersecretion) appears to occur at 7-10 years after initial diagnosis. BMD does not perfectly correlate with fracture risk, so unilateral adrenalectomy (if lateralization is observed on AVS) and/or pharmacotherapy should be strongly considered in patients with an expected longevity of >10 years even with mild osteopenia and low fracture risk assessment tool scores.

Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023
THU297 Metformin Treatment Of Juvenile Mice Alters Aging-Related Developmental And Metabolic Phenotypes In Sex-Dependent And -Independent Manners
Authors: Zhu Yun , Engmann Morgan , Medina David , Bartke Andrzej , Ellsworth Buffy S , Yuan Rong
Published: October 2023

Disclosure: Y. Zhu: None. M. Engmann: None. D. Medina: None. A. Bartke: None. B.S. Ellsworth: None. R. Yuan: None.

Metformin is a widely used drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes that also has a strong potential for long-term effects which may extend healthspan and longevity. In the current study, C57BL/6J (B6) juvenile female and male mice were treated with metformin between the ages of 15 and 56 days. Saline was used as the control. The results show that early-life treatment with metformin has profound effects on developmental and metabolic traits. Body weight was significantly reduced by metformin treatment in both sexes (P<0.05, t test). At 10 weeks of age, mice were euthanized, and organ weights were recorded. In treated males, weights of epididymal, perirenal, and brown fat depots were significantly reduced (P<0.05, t test). Pancreas weight was significantly reduced in both sexes (P<0.05, t test). Hypothalamus weight was significantly reduced in the females, and whole brain weight was significantly reduced in the males. Tail length as well as age of sexual maturation were not significantly altered in either sex. No significant difference was found in circulating insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) or adiponectin. Circulating insulin was significantly reduced by the treatment under fasting and non-fasting conditions in the male mice, while in the females no significant difference was detected. Insulin sensitivity, calculated by the quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI), was suggestively increased in the male mice (P=0.062, t test). Glucose tolerance test (GTT) did not show a significant difference in treated female mice; however, comparing the area under curve, metformin treatment significantly improved the glucose tolerance of male mice (P=0.014, t test). Insulin tolerance test (ITT) showed no significant difference in the male mice; but, unexpectedly, in female mice, metformin treatment significantly reduced insulin sensitivity. This study revealed that early-life metformin treatment alters development and metabolism of mice in both sex-specific and non-specific manners, which may have long-term impacts on metabolism in aging. Interestingly, comparing the results of this study with previous studies of metformin-treated heterogenous UM-HET3 mice, further analyses revealed that metformin effects on body weight, age of sexual maturation, body size, IGF1, adiponectin, insulin, GTT, and ITT, are genetically dependent.

Funding: SIU collaborative grant to Rong Yuan and Buffy S. Ellsworth. SIU Geriatric foundation by Andrzej Bartke

Presentation: Thursday, June 15, 2023
FRI662 Quetiapine Induced Severe Hypoglycemia In Elderly Patients Without Diabetes
Authors: gusov timur , Akofu Anota , marium fnu , Dejhansathit Siroj , Gardner Michael J , Sheung Nicole , Uddin Ashraf , Akabogu Nwamaka
Published: October 2023

Disclosure: T. gusov: None. A. Akofu: None. F. marium: None. S. Dejhansathit: None. M.J. Gardner: None. N. Sheung: None. A. Uddin: None. N. Akabogu: None.

Introduction: Quetiapine is a second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) commonly used for a wide range of psychotic and mood disorders, sleep aid and others. Older individuals are often treated with quetiapine to relieve psychotic symptoms associated with conditions including dementia and delirium. Common metabolic side effects include weight gain, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. There are few reports of mild asymptomatic hypoglycemia in individuals without diabetes. Hypoglycemia is a serious medical condition with high morbidity and mortality. We report an older individual without diabetes who developed severe hypoglycemia from treatment with quetiapine. Clinical case: 84 years old female was admitted to the hospital for altered mentation, right sided weakness. Cerebral vascular accident was ruled out with imaging studies. The patient was found to be hypoglycemic at 64 mg/dl. Treated with IV D5 with effect, hypoglycemia recurred and was persistent, IV treatment with glucose was initiated. Laboratory results: glucose 46 mg/dL, C- peptide 0.361nmol/L, insulin 1.21 mcunit/ml, proinsulin 6.1 pmol/L, sulfonylurea negative, beta hydroxybutyrate 0.97mmol/L, insulin Ab negative, Administration of 1 mg of glucagon increased blood glucose by 20 mg/dl. Cosyntropin test was normal, TSH and thyroxine levels are normal. Abdominal US ruled out obvious liver and pancreatic pathology. Medication list reviewed. Quetiapine was suspected as the cause and was stopped. Within the next 24 hours blood glucose normalized, IV glucose treatment stopped. She was observed for 2 more days, had no recurrent episodes and was discharged. Conclusion: Quetiapine is widely used to relieve psychotic symptoms and sleep aid. MEdication is usually associated with hyperglycemia. In the present case we report quetiapine-induced hypoglycemia in the patient without diabetes, which was more severe than that described in previous reports, and required dextrose fluid infusion. Quetiapine may increase the amount of basal insulin secreted by pancreatic β-cells and thereby cause hypoglycemia. Since quetiapine is used for the relief of psychotic symptoms, it is crucial to understand the potential adverse effects related to the use of this medication, and to observe any symptoms that may appear. We suggest that clinicians should carefully observe older patients receiving quetiapine to identify any hypoglycemic symptoms that may appear. Reference: Quetiapine-Induced Severe Hypoglycemia in the patient without Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Report Suk Ju Cho, Sang Ah Lee. Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research 2019;23(1):35-37

Presentation: Friday, June 16, 2023
OR12-01 Blocking The Maladaptive Integrated Stress Response Increases Immunosuppressive PD-L1 In Pancreatic β-Cells
Authors: Muralidharan Charanya , Huiping huang Fei , May Sarah C , Enriquez Jacob , Nelson Jennifer B , Wang Eugenia , Chakraborthy Advaita , Figatner Kayla T , Navitskaya Svetlana N , Tersey Sarah A , Mirmira Raghavendra G
Published: October 2023

Disclosure: C. Muralidharan: None. F.H. huang: None. S.C. May: None. J. Enriquez: None. J.B. Nelson: None. E. Wang: None. A. Chakraborthy: None. K.T. Figatner: None. S.N. Navitskaya: None. S.A. Tersey: None. R.G. Mirmira: None.

In type 1 diabetes (T1D), the immune system destroys the insulin-secreting β-cells. This autoimmune attack may be triggered by the β-cells themselves when they encounter viral infections or changes in gut microbiome or diet, years before clinical diagnosis of T1D. In response to these stressors, four kinases (PERK, PKR, GCN2, and HRI) activate the integrated stress response (ISR), which temporarily halts protein translation to promote cellular survival. However, if prolonged, the ISR can render β-cells dysfunctional. Therefore, we hypothesized that inhibiting the ISR under chronic inflammatory stress would suppress β-cell autoimmunity and reduce T1D risk. To test this, we pre-treated human islets with ISR inhibitors (ISRIB or a novel inhibitor of PERK, HC-PERKi) and then exposed them to proinflammatory cytokines (50 IU/mL IL-1β + 1000 IU/mL IFNγ) for 24h. As expected, cytokine treatment blocked protein translation, as revealed by polyribosomal profiling. Consistent with this, we saw reduced total protein synthesis (50% decrease) by puromycin incorporation assay. These effects were partially reversed by pretreating with ISR inhibitors. To determine if ISR inhibition delays or prevents diabetes development, we treated female pre-diabetic non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice with vehicle or HC-PERKi for four weeks (6-10 weeks of age). Compared to controls, NOD mice that received HC-PERKi showed a significant delay in diabetes development. Single cell RNA-sequencing analysis of the pancreatic islets revealed alterations in pathways involved in antigen processing and presentation in the β-cell clusters of HC-PERKi islets. Consistent with this observation, spatial proteomics analysis of the pancreatic β-cell area of HC-PERKi islets revealed a striking upregulation of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), an immune checkpoint regulator that suppresses adaptive T-cell immunity. Notably, there was no change in transcript levels of PD-L1, suggesting that PD-L1 levels are post-translationally regulated. Collectively, our studies show that inhibition of the ISR activates general protein synthesis, reduces immunogenicity via increased β-cell PD-L1 levels, and decreases T1D risk. Whereas the ISR is an adaptive response, our work emphasizes how the ISR could become maladaptive under chronic inflammation and promote β-cell autoimmunity.

Presentation: Friday, June 16, 2023
OR18-01 Massively Parallel Functional Assay Of Extracellular Insulin Receptor Variants
Authors: Aslanzadeh Vahid , Brierley Gemma , Kudla Grzegorz , Kenneth Semple Robert
Published: October 2023

Disclosure: V. Aslanzadeh: None. G. Brierley: None. G. Kudla: None. R.K. Semple: None.

Loss-of-function mutations in the gene for the human insulin receptor, INSR, cause either autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive severe insulin resistance. Biallelic mutations produce extreme insulin resistance which is commonly fatal in infancy or childhood. A wide and growing number of mutations have been associated with disease, with few recurring mutations, and only a small subset have been studied functionally to date. Discriminating loss-of-function pathogenic alleles from insignificant variants is an important barrier to diagnosis and translational studies of novel candidate treatments. Such candidate therapies include a variety of antibody, peptide and small molecule ligands that activate the receptor in a manner distinct to insulin. These show potential to activate mutant receptors that are expressed but show impaired insulin binding or responsiveness. To address this barrier to translation we have now used massively multiplexed, Flow-Seq-based assays simultaneously to determine the effects of 14,000 human INSR extracellular domain missense variants. We assayed receptor cell surface expression, insulin binding and signal transduction using heterologous expression of mutants in mouse embryonic cells in which endogenous Insr and Igf1r genes had been knocked out or knocked down. Preliminary analysis reliably discriminates A. variants that reduce or abolish receptor cell surface expression when measured with two different monoclonal anti-receptor antibodies B. variants with preserved cell surface expression but selectively impaired binding of insulin and C. an overlapping group of variants with severely impaired signalling response to insulin but preserved response to antibody. Our assay confirmed previously studied attributes of a panel of disease-causing variants, and shows strong agreement with prior alanine scanning mutagenesis studies and structural predictions. We thus provide a rich sequence-function map for INSR variant interpretation. A prediction tool trained on known pathogenic INSR alleles is currently being developed for access by the community both to accelerate confident molecular diagnosis of newly identified rare INSR variants, and also to aid stratification of mutations according to potential for activation by non canonical INSR ligands.

Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023
SAT034 Exploring The Role Of Zfp664 In Hepatic Glucose Regulation
Authors: Tsay Ariel , Wang Jen-Chywan
Published: October 2023

Disclosure: A. Tsay: None. J. Wang: None.

Genome wide association studies (GWAS) identify the association between variants at genomic loci and common diseases. These variants consist of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which can be localized within coding or non-coding regions. The former could affect the functions of proteins encoded by these genes. The latter could modulate the expression of genes contained or localized nearby these SNPs. Several SNPs associated with metabolic disease such as diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia are found in and nearby the human ZNF664 gene, which encodes a zinc finger protein that is predicted to be a transcriptional regulator. The mouse homolog of ZNF664 is Zfp664, whose amino acid sequence is identical to ZNF664. To learn whether Zfp664 contains a transcriptional activation or repression function, the expression plasmid harboring the cDNA of full length or deletion mutants of mouse Zfp664 fused to yeast GAL4 DNA binding domain (DBD) was transfected into HEK293T cells along with a luciferase reporter plasmid containing 5 copies of the GAL4 binding sites. We saw decreased luciferase activity in cells overexpressing the GAL4 DBD and full length Zfp664 fusion protein. Thus, Zfp664 acts as a transcriptional repressor. The deletion analysis identified that amino acid 7 to 95 of Zfp664 was required for its transcriptional repressive activity. To test the metabolic function of hepatic Zfp664, 8 weeks old male C57Bl/6J mice were infected with adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressing either scramble small hairpin RNA (shRNA, as a control) or shRNA targeting Zfp664 and then fed a normal chow diet or western diet (42% kcal from fat, 0.2% total cholesterol) for 12 weeks. We found that mice infected with AAV expressing Zfp664 shRNA had a lower expression of Zfp664 in the liver but not in epididymal white adipose tissue and gastrocnemius muscle. Under chow diet feeding, not only did hepatic Zfp664 knockdown not affect glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, but it also did not affect fasting glucose, insulin, triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels. In contrast, in mice fed a western diet, hepatic Zfp664 knockdown worsened glucose tolerance and elevated fasting insulin levels. Moreover, the expression of hepatic gluconeogenic genes, such as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (Pck1) and the catalytic subunit of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6pc), was increased. The fasting plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol levels were not affected by hepatic Zfp664 knockdown in western diet fed mice. Overall, these results discover the novel role of Zfp664 in the regulation of hepatic glucose homeostasis.

Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023
Acute Respiratory Failure Complicating Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty: A Case Report
Authors: Ranjha Shahroze A. , Pressler Mark P. , Blank Randal S. , Schirmer Bruce D. , Lesh Ryan E.
Published: October 2023

Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) is a safe and minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of obesity. We report the case of a patient with obesity who underwent ESG complicated by postprocedural respiratory failure. During the procedure, she developed a Pao
2/fraction of inspired oxygen (Fio
2) ratio that necessitated postoperative mechanical ventilation. Chest radiography demonstrated massively dilated loops of bowel, cephalad displacement of both hemidiaphragms, lung volume reduction, and atelectasis. With absorption of luminal carbon dioxide, she was weaned from mechanical ventilation to supplemental oxygen, and she recovered completely. This case highlights postoperative respiratory failure associated with mechanical loading of the respiratory system following ESG.
White Trash and the Queer South
Authors: Hayward-Jansen Jude
Published: October 2023

Situating itself in the crosshairs of critical whiteness studies, queer studies, and Black studies, this essay considers the literary production of the (poor) white trash subject in the intersection of two moments of racial upheaval—the civil rights era of the US South and the “focus on the family” during the culture wars of the 1980s and 1990s—in which whiteness was under siege. Taking its cue from Toni Morrison's articulation of the white imaginary and W. E. B. Du Bois's history of the (Black) and white working class, this article looks at representations of queerness in Dorothy Allison's Bastard Out of Carolina to (1) understand the ways in which poor whiteness solidifies through queer moments of “bad” sex; and (2) reveal the ways in which “bad sex” retards white subjectivity/progressivity.
Refusing Empathy
Authors: Aghdasifar Tahereh
Published: October 2023

Gelare Khoshgozaran, a Los Angeles–based multidisciplinary artist, gave her initial performance of “UNdocumentary” as part of the welcome to what we took from is the state exhibition at Queens Museum in New York City. This performance entailed a reading, by the artist and audience members, of Khoshgozaran's original declaration of asylum to the US government. When this produced empathetic and, in Khoshgozaran's words, “depressed” reactions from the audience, Khoshgozaran altered the performance, rewriting the document to reflect how she understands her life trajectory, as opposed to what queer asylum seekers are expected to produce to become subjects of and legible to empire. The next iteration of the performance is a refusal of legibility and empathy for a life narrative she, in some ways, lived, but simultaneously did not identify with. This article argues that the revised performance of “UNdocumentary” interrupts heteronormative space and time, crafting a queer otherwise world where relationality is pushed out of the realm of identification, inviting a bond forged through opacity rather than the violence of transparency.
Assessment of the Current State of Sports Coverage Participation, Training, and Confidence Ratings among Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Residents and Residency Programs
Authors: Stokes Derek , Heronemus Marc , Cali Malia , Meron Adele , Laker Scott R.
Published: October 2023

A significant proportion of physical medicine and rehabilitation residents are pursuing sports medicine-related fellowships and are recommended to participate in sports coverage during residency training. The purpose of this article is to assess the current state of sports coverage participation, training, and confidence ratings among physical medicine and rehabilitation residents and residency programs. Physical medicine and rehabilitation residents from Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited programs were invited to participate in a nationwide cross-sectional survey. A total of 90 resident responses from 43 programs were included. Residents from 91% of represented programs indicated that sports coverage opportunities were available. At least one resident from 63% of represented programs and 50% of responding residents reported sports coverage training during residency. Sports coverage confidence ratings were higher in 91% of topics among residents who received training. The results of this study indicate that sports coverage opportunities are common among physical medicine and rehabilitation residencies, and while sports coverage training is variable, a positive correlation with confidence ratings was identified.
RETRACTED: Ameliorative effect of gel combination of Centella asiatica extract transfersomes and rosemary essential oil nanoemulsion against UVB-induced skin aging in Balb/c mice [version 1; peer review: 3 approved with reservations]
Authors: AlOmran Abdullah , Dewi Lestari Ismail Dina , Widasmara Dhelya , Riawan Wibi , Retnaningtyas Ekowati , Weka Nugraheni Raditya , Eka Puspita Oktavia , Rahayu Adianingsih Oktavia , Mardiyah Mardiyah , Setiawan Andri
Published: October 2023

RETRACTION NOTICE (3rd October 2023): The article by Khotimah H, Dewi Lestari Ismail D, Widasmara D et al. ‘Ameliorative effect of gel combination of Centella asiatica extract transfersomes and rosemary essential oil nanoemulsion against UVB-induced skin aging in Balb/c mice’[version 1; peer review: 3 approved with reservations] (https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.109318.1) has been retracted from F1000Research by the F1000 Editorial Team.

During prepublication checks of a new article by these authors, the F1000 Editorial Team noticed that the dataset and methodology of the new article were very similar to this published article. Investigation into the content of these two articles was performed by the F1000 Editorial Team, which revealed discrepancies in the ethical approval (approval document mentioned rats when the study was in mice; new article mentioned consent when study in animals) and methodology (wrong description of mouse model used); and concerns over the treatment of the mice (wellbeing concerns during shaving procedure and euthanasia) and authenticity of the data. The new article was rejected.

For this published article, the F1000 Editorial Team requested an explanation from the authors regarding the above issues, including a request for a copy of the ethical approval document, on 22nd March and 29th March 2023. The authors’ institution was contacted on 24th April and 21st June 2023. The authors were unable to respond adequately to our queries; the institution has not responded to our requests.

The decision was made by the F1000 Editorial Team to retract this article, due to the inability to verify the ethical approval for this study, and concerns over data integrity and the study design, including the treatment of the mice.

The authors have seen a copy of this retraction notice. Husnul Khotimah and Dina Dewi Lestari Ismail agree with the retraction of the article. No responses were received from the other authors.
The role of newspapers published in North Sumatra during Indonesia's independence struggle between 1916-1925: A content analysis
Authors: Azhari Ichwan , Sidiq Ricu , Purnamasari Ika
Published: October 2023

Background: Newspapers played an important role in fostering a sense of nationalism, instilling the concept of "nation", fostering a sense of belonging, and maintaining the unity that the colonized people desperately needed to achieve independence. This study aims to investigate the involvement of indigenous newspapers in the struggle for Indonesian independence in North Sumatra during the Dutch colonial period, as well as to highlight how the contents of the newspaper's coverage were narrated in the struggle for Indonesian independence.

Methods: This study used a qualitative content analysis (QCA) method. Research analysis includes manifest analysis (shown on the surface of the text) and latent analysis (hidden in the text) on the title, topic and sentence of each article. The validity test was carried out by peer-reviewing coding books and coding forms. Reliability test in the form of Intercoder reliability using NVivo 12 interrater reliability. 

Results:  The results of the study found 107 articles in 13 indigenous newspapers in North Sumatra that supported the struggle for Indonesian independence from Dutch colonialism. There are 7 forms of narrative of the struggle for Indonesian independence in indigenous newspapers in North Sumatra from 1916-1925. The seven narratives are found in the title, topic, and sentences written in the article. National movements were the most narratives found with 36.73% found in titles (N= 49), 26.09% in topics (N=89), and 23.72% in sentences in the text (N=156). The fewest narrations were criticisms and demands to the Netherlands of 2.04% for title analysis. The next least narrative is patriotism with a score of 5.43% for topic analysis and 6.41% for sentences in the text. 

Conclusion: The role of newspapers in the struggle for independence in North Sumatra is evidenced by the findings of 107 articles in 13 newspapers in seven forms of struggle narratives.
Biofiltration of Volatile organic compounds Using Chir Pine Cone Nuts Inoculated with Pseudomonas putida
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Kumar Divya
Published: October 2023

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) are the major pollutants in industrial and agricultural emissions. This study targets the efficiency and applicability of biofiltration to remove methanol and n-hexane, two common air pollutants, using Chir pine cone nuts as filter media and Pseudomonas putida as the inoculant. The designed biofilter was operated between 25-35°C, with an airflow rate of 0.35 m3 h-1 and nutrient supply of 1-2 L Day-1. From a 60-day operating period, methanol's removal efficiency was higher than n-hexane, with a maximum removal efficiency of 93.91% achieved at an inlet loading rate of 101.39 g m-3h-1 for methanol and 87.96% at 398.46 g m-3h-1 for n-hexane. The effects of varying loading rates on the elimination capacity for both pollutants were also studied. In addition, the temperature profile of the biofilter, microbial analysis, and the BOD concentration of leachate was also studied during the operation period. The findings offer insights into the potential use of Chir pine nuts as filter media for the biodegradation of methanol and n-hexane and provide a foundation for future research to optimize the biofilter system's design and operation to increase its removal efficiency of other contaminants.
La recuperación de la Escuela de Salamanca en el contexto de la Kulturkampf alemana/The revival of the School of Salamanca in the context of the German Kulturkampf
Authors: Martín Gómez María
Published: October 2023

La “Escuela de Salamanca”, como etiqueta histórica, ha sido cuestionada y actualizada en múltiples ocasiones y desde intereses muy diversos. En este artículo se investiga el origen del concepto en la teología alemana del siglo XIX (en autores como Franz Ehrle y Gerhard Schneemann, especialmente) y se presta atención al contexto político y religioso en el que emerge (la denominada Kulturkampf alemana), con el propósito de comprender mejor las notas definitorias que se le otorgaron.
Cuestiones prosaicas en géneros sacros. La teología sacramental y el pensamiento jurídico-político olvidado de la Escuela de Salamanca/Prosaic questions in sacred genres. Sacramental theology and the forgotten juridical-political thought of the School of Salamanca
Authors: Egío García José Luis
Published: October 2023

La historiografía jurídico-política precedente ha tendido a presentar a la Escuela de Salamanca como un grupo de catedráticos salmantinos que comentan las distintas partes de la Summa theologiae de Tomás de Aquino, dando preferencia en particular a los comentarios De legibus y De iustitia et iure. Éstas son, a su vez, las partes del legado vitoriano mejor conocidas y estudiadas, junto a sus relecciones De indis y las dedicadas a la potestad civil y eclesiástica. En un intento de ampliar estas perspectivas clásicas, el presente artículo presenta un elenco de algunas de las obras de teología sacramental redactadas por diversos maestros salmantinos hasta comienzos del siglo XVII y reflexiona sobre la importancia epocal y contemporánea de este patrimonio un tanto olvidado de la escolástica salmantina, en el que se encuentran materiales muy interesantes para la reflexión filosófica, jurídica y política. En las secciones finales del artículo se estudian losescritos Summa sacramentorum ecclesiae (1560) de Francisco de Vitoria y Tomás de Chaves, un texto que conoció al menos 80 ediciones hasta comienzos del siglo XVII, y la Relectio de sacramentis in genere (1550) de Melchor Cano, mostrando la estrecha conexión existente entre teología sacramental y pensamiento jurídicopolítico.
Filosofia Política na Escola de Salamanca/The Political Philosophy of the Salamanca School
Authors: Calafate Pedro
Published: October 2023

Iniciamos com a questão da separação entre o poder civil e a fé, a natureza e a graça, o poder temporal e o poder espiritual, de modo a delimitar o âmbito específico dos dois poderes e a mostrar a autonomia da razão natural como fundamento do poder civil. No segundo ponto expomos a questão da origem, natureza e finalidade do poder civil, mostrando a conciliação entre a origem divina e a origem popular do poder, transversal aos autores desta escola, vincando, ao mesmo tempo, o seu fundamento ético. A fundamentação ética do poder político abre caminho, no terceiro ponto, à análise do direito de resistência à tirania, sublinhando que o poder dos reis é supremo na sua esfera mas não absoluto, porque limitado pelo direito natural e pelo jus gentium. Considerada a circunstância ibérica de abertura ao Novo Mundo, cumpre-nos depois analisar, num quarto momento, a questão da legitimidade das soberanias indígenas e da universalidade do direito à jurisdição política. Finalmente expomos a contribuição desta escola para o conceito de comunidade universal.
Natural and human law in the Atlantic context: Alonso de la Veracruz and Tomás de Mercado/Ley natural y humana en el contexto atlántico: Alonso de la Veracruz and Tomás de Mercado
Authors: Tellkamp Joerg Alejandro
Published: October 2023

In this paper on the early Mexican thinkers Alonso de la Veracruz and Tomás de Mercado, a scarcely explored topic will be pursued: the foundational role of natural law and its interpretability through human law. It will be shown that both authors, based on the Salamancan traditions of the 16th century, introduce a method that would affirm the validity of natural law and, at the same time, allow diverse applications of the normative parameters of human law. As Veracruz argues in his critique of tithing for indigenous peoples, the natural law can be reinterpreted based on concrete social facts. In the case of Mercado, even when human law is congruent with natural law, it can be disregarded to avoid personal or public harm mainly in commercial transactions.
Los designios de las relaciones comerciales entre España y Latinoamérica (1995- 2022)/The designs of trade relations between Spain and Latin America (1995- 2022)
Authors: Velicia-Martín Félix , Martín-Serra Elena
Published: October 2023

El trabajo analiza las relaciones comerciales entre España y Latinoamérica y el Caribe utilizando datos del Ministerio de Industria, Comercio y Turismo, la Organización Mundial del Comercio y Atlas of Economic Complexity. Trata de responder a dos cuestiones. De una parte, si las relaciones bilaterales entre Latinoamérica y el Caribe con España se han desarrollado de manera positiva y de otra si el comercio ha evolucionado hacia productos con un índice de complejidad mayor y por tanto hacia actividades de mayor valor añadido. A lo largo del trabajo se comprueba que el porcentaje de importaciones y exportaciones entre España y Latinoamérica y el Caribe se mantiene estable en el rango del 4% y el 6% a lo largo de las últimas décadas y de otra parte se constata que no se ha producido una mayor complejidad de los productos, siendo los sectores extractivos y primarios los que priman en las exportaciones hacia España.
España e Iberoamérica: diplomacia y agenda de seguridad 1990-2023/Spain and Latin America: diplomacy and security agenda 1990-2023
Authors: Crespo Alzáza Alfredo
Published: October 2023

sumen Las relaciones de España con Iberoamérica, a pesar de la retórica compartida que alude a un pasado común, han retrocedido en las últimas décadas. Esta afirmación resulta compatible con aquella otra que pone en valor la actuación española a la hora de apoyar a aquellas naciones iberoamericanas que iniciaron transiciones a la democracia y procesos de reconstrucción post-bélica en la recta final de la Guerra Fría. El panorama observado a partir de 1990 ha certificado la persistencia de una serie de obstáculos en Iberoamérica que han lastrado su crecimiento económico y han minado su seguridad, sobresaliendo la criminalidad organizada. También se ha detectado la presencia de actores como China, Rusia o Irán cuyo compromiso con la democracia es inexistente, lo que incrementa las incertidumbres acerca de la estabilidad iberoamericana.
Especulações sobre relações de poder nas práticas de design: reconstruindo os mundos por vir
Authors: Noronha Raquel
Published: October 2023

A palestra ministrada no XIV Congresso Brasileiro Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento em Design (2022) apresenta uma visão crítica e especulativa sobre as fronteiras do campo do design e a relacionalidade com outras cosmologias, problematizando a linearidade epistemológica do campo. A partir de uma série de episódios contemporâneos, que colocam em xeque os princípios e práticas modernos que constituíram o campo do design como o temos hoje, a fala problematiza conceitos acionados de forma naturalizada, como o de desenvolvimento e o de sustentabilidade, e o uso de ferramentas que contemplem apenas o ponto de vista universal. Conclama-se ao pensamento de design como política na produção de sentidos e imaginação de futuros. Acionam-se exemplos de como o aprendizado com comunidades tradicionais no Maranhão nos reconectam com outras formas de criativi- dade e ação em um planeta a ser regenerado.
Estimation the genetic parameters and evaluating the correlation between the maternal linear type traits and the birth weight of the progeny in Hanwoo cows
Authors: Noh Jae Kwang , Kim Sung Jin , Son Ji Hyun , Choi Tae Jeong , Do Chang Hee , Koo Yang-Mo
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the linear type traits of mother cows (dams) and the birth weight(BW) of the progeny. The study used data collected between 2002 and 2018 by the Korea Animal Improvement Association (KAIA). This study evaluated the data specifically with respect to 19 traits. A statistical model was established to estimate the correlation between the maternal linear classification traits and the progeny BW. The significance of each statistical variable was analyzed using the generalized linear model (GLM) method in the SAS package 9.1.3 software, while the genetic parameters were estimated using the BLUPF90 Family program. The BW of Hanwoo cows increased by approximately 0.4 kg each year; however, the BW heritability was moderate (0.23). The linear classification traits showed values of 0.34, 0.37, 0.11, 0.45, 0.31, and 0.40, for ST (Vertical distance from the apex of the rump to the ground), BL (Horizontal distance between anterior shoulder point to the posterior extremity of the pin bone), RA (The slope from the rump to the pin bone), RL (Horizontal distance from the anterior rump to the tip of the pin bone), PBW (Lateral width of pin bone), and FS (Final score), respectively, with moderate heritability for all traits, except RA. The BW of the progeny showed phenotypic correlations of 0.06, -0.01, 0.03, and 0.04, and genetic correlations of 0.09, 0.03, 0.02, and -0.04 with ST, BL, RL, and PBW, respectively. The average parity in Hanwoo cows increased from 2.5 in 2016 to 2.8 in June 2020. There is a low genetic correlation between the maternal linear classification traits and the BW of the progeny. An increase in the parity of dams and a greater accumulation of progeny BW data and test records could lead to the accurate evaluation of the BW as a breeding objective trait.
Functional in silico analysis of a non-synonymous SNP located in the coding region of the FASN gene in Korean native cattle
Authors: Kong Hong-Sik , Lee Yoonseok
Published: October 2023

Bovine fatty acid synthase, an enzyme encoded by the FASN gene in cattle, is a multi-enzyme protein that catalyses fatty acid synthesis. This cytosolic enzyme catalyzes the synthesis of palmitate from acetylcoenzyme A and malonyl-coenzyme A in the presence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). However, there is no previous verification study that each allele of SNPs related to lipid synthesis were impact on protein function in Korean native cattle and nsSNPs for the FASN gene have not yet been verified by computer analysis. Given the role of the FASN gene in beef quality traits in cattle, the study aimed to use computational analysis to narrow down the candidate nsSNPs for FASN that may affect protein structure and/or function, which may play an important role in lipid synthesis. These results predicted that the g.16039 T>C nsSNP at position R1957Y of FASN was functionally 'Deleterious' and 'PROBABLY DAMAGING' in non-synonymous SNP functional analysis, and the g.16039 T>C and g.17924 A>G nsSNPs at positions R1957Y and T2266A decrease the stability of a FASN protein and have two PTM sites for proteolytic cleavage and amidation. In addition, the R1957Y and T2266A variants of FASN were shown to have a direct effect on altering the protein structure. Therefore, we suggested that our results could be used as fundamental data for further studies related to functional verification of nsSNPs based on bovine cells.
A Review on Thrombolysis Enhancing Indian Edible Plants
Authors: Jain Vartika , Kunwar Bhavika , Verma S. K.
Published: October 2023

Impaired thrombolysis is one of the causes of the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The synthetic thrombolytic agents such as streptokinase, urokinase and antistreplase have their own side effects. Plants are always considered as safe and cost-effective therapeutic agents. Dietary therapeutics is an emerging branch for the prevention and treatment of several ailments. The present article compiles 43 edible plants which have shown in vitro thrombolytic potential and are also employed in the diets of several ethnic communities in India. Among these, Bauhinia purpurea and Baccaurea ramiflora are two plants having more than 70% in vitro clot lysis potential; Coccinia grandis, Curcuma longa, Cyperus rotundus, and Typha domingensis have 50-70% thrombolytic activity; and the rest of the plants have 11-49% thrombolytic activity. These 43 plants also include spices and condiments such as Turmeric, Black pepper, Indian Bayleaf, Coriander and Ginger, which affirms the traditional saying of using food as medicine. Besides, these edible plants also possess various phyto-constituents and health-beneficial pharmacological activities. If these plants could be incorporated into a routine diet, it might be possible to prevent or delay the onset of CVD. However, detailed studies are required to evaluate the pattern of CVD in ethnic communities consuming such plants, as well as systematic clinical trials are warranted to investigate the thrombolytic efficacy of these plants.
The Effect of Administering Forest Honey to Rats Exposed to Physical Stress on Corticosteroid Levels, Folliculogenesis and the Number of Corpus Luteum
Authors: Widjiati Widjiati , Kuntjorodjakti Suryo , Ananda Aditya Tri , Sajida Mey Vanda Pusparina , Ilmi Alivia Fairuz , Adisti Meisa Zalfa , Chou Dean , Luqman Epy Muhammad
Published: October 2023

Livestock that has stress releases glucocorticoids in response to it, and it causes inhibition of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG) signaling pathway so that it reduces reproductive efficiency. Forest honey can reduce corticosteroid levels as a stress response from physical stress induction which is expected to increase reproductive efficiency including folliculogenesis and the formation of the corpus luteum. This study aims to determine the effect of forest honey on rats (Rattus novergicus) exposed to physical stress on corticosteroid levels, folliculogenesis, and the number of corpus luteum. This study is an experimental laboratory one using 32 rats which were divided into 4 treatment groups; control positive (C) treated with physical stress, treatment 1 (T1) treated with physical stress + honey 2 g/rat/day PO, treatment 2 (T2) treated with physical stress + honey 4 g/rat/day PO and treatment 3 (T3) treated with physical stress + honey 6 g/rat/day PO. All treatments were carried out for 14 days. The results showed that T1 had the lowest corticosteroid level compared to all treatment groups and the corticosteroid level of this group was significantly different (p <0.05) compared to that of C and T3. The folliculogenesis profile showed that the number of primary secondary, tertiary, and Graafian follicles of group T1 was significantly different (p<0.05) compared to that of C, T2, and T3. In terms of the number of corpus luteum, it showed that T1 had the highest number of corpus luteum, and the number of corpus luteum in this group was significantly different (p<0.05) from that of C, T2, and T3. It can be concluded that the administration of forest honey at a dose of 2g/rat/day could reduce corticosteroid levels, improve the folliculogenesis profile, and increase the number of corpus luteum in rats exposed to physical stress. The use of forest honey could reduce corticosteroid levels as a stress response from physical stress induction which was expected to increase reproductive efficiency.
Lung Function Impairment Among Women Cooking with Biomass Fuels Compared to LPG Fuel in Rural Tamil Nadu
Authors: Natesan Durairaj , Venugopal Vidhya , kuppusamy Maheshkumar , .Saiprasad P , Subhashini A.
Published: October 2023

Background: Women in developing countries are exposed to household air pollution from traditional cook a stove, which causes a huge burden of morbidity. This study aims to examine the impact of cooking fuel use on lung function changes among women in rural Tamil Nadu, India. Methods: Between 2012 and 2014, 565 adult women (237 using solid biomass fuel and 328 using clean fuel for cooking) participated in this cross-sectional study. Basic demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and exposure related information such as fuel type, kitchen type, type of house, and other potential sources of particulates inside the house, such as cigarettes; incense, and mosquito coils, were collected using questionnaires. A pulmonary function test assessment was done for all participants using a KOKO spirometer following the standard protocols. Results: Pulmonary function was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in rural women using biomass fuel for cooking. Women in the biomass group had FVC 2.45 (0.58), FEV1 1.99 (0.49), and PEFR 5.31 (1.54), while women in the LPG group had FVC 2.63 (0.48), FEV1 2.19 (0.42), and PEFR 5.81 (1.38). Conclusion: This cross-sectional study found that the reduction in the pulmonary function parameters was considerably higher among women using biomass for cooking compared to women using liquefied petroleum gas for cooking in rural Tamil Nadu. Objective measurements by spirometry from this study can help physicians and health policy makers develop measures for better prevention and management of respiratory diseases among rural women in Tamil Nadu, southern India.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Resident Doctors Towards use of Proton Pump Inhibitors in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Pune, India: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Suryawanshi Sonali Pradeep , Dhande Priti Pravin , Khatavkar Pallawi Shashank , Thakur Linpadmaja Prabhakar
Published: October 2023

Background and Objectives: The most commonly prescribed drugs in healthcare systems are proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Several studies have found that globally PPIs are frequently used without proper justification. Appropriate and updated knowledge about PPI among medical professionals is essential to enhance the rationale of PPI application. The present study with this goal was initiated to evaluate the understanding and behavioral practices toward PPI use among resident doctors in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Pune, western India. Method: A cross sectional survey using structured questionnaire. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 137 resident doctors. 82.5% of them prescribed acid-suppressing drugs for acute gastritis and other drugs in combination with them as the most common indications for the majority of their patients. These prescriptions were based on the consultant's or unit's policy, and resident doctors were not given the liberty to breach this policy. 71.5% of the respondents chose PPIs as their first choice, and 75.1% preferred the oral route. 10.2% of them claimed to have encountered a PPI-related adverse event. Despite the fact that 75.9% of the respondents preferred to prescribe PPIs for short durations, a lack of awareness about the possible risks associated with chronic PPI use was noted. 58.4% of resident doctors preferred using the step-down strategy, but 19.7% of participants were unaware of step up or step down when prescribing PPIs. The concept of drug interactions with the co-administration of PPI was also less understood by study participants. Conclusion: In the present survey study participants had less knowledge on correct indications for PPI usage as they fared PPI over any other acid-reducing medications to majority of their patients. There was also a lack of understanding of PPI adverse drug reactions, drug-drug interactions, and specific PPI administration approaches.