bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kesesuaian Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW) berbasis bahaya banjir menggunakan analisis hierarki proses di Kabupaten Kuningan
Authors: Haris Fikri Dwi , Sitorus Santun R.P , Tjahjono Boedi
Published: January 2022

Indonesia memiliki kondisi alam yang tergolong rawan terhadap bencana alam. Penyebab terjadinya bencana di Indonesia bisa disebabkan oleh faktor alam dan faktor manusia. Adapun faktor manusia berupa penerapan penggunaan lahan tidak mempertimbangkan karakteristik bentang alam. Kabupaten Kuningan merupakan salah satu wilayah administratif yang terkena dampak bencana (banjir) akibat penggunaan lahan yang tidak mempertimbangkan karakteristik bentang lahan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesesuaian antara pola ruang RTRW Kabupaten Kuningan (2011-2031) dengan daerah bahaya bencana banjir di Kabupaten Kuningan. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu Analysis Hierarchy Process (AHP) dan pairwise comparison untuk penentuan skor faktor penyebab banjir dan longsor, interpretasi citra Sentinel visual tahun 2018 untuk menentukan penggunaan lahan di Kabupaten Kuningan serta metode analisis spasial melalui teknik overlay untuk menentukan daerah bahaya banjir dan longsor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor bahaya banjir yang mempunyai bobot terbesar hingga terkecil menurut para pakar berturut-turut adalah curah hujan, kemiringan lereng, penggunaan lahan, jenis tanah, dan elevasi. Bahaya banjir dan longsor terdiri atas 3 kelas, yaitu rendah, sedang, tinggi. Hasil overlay antara faktor-faktor penentu bahaya banjir menunjukkan bahwa: a) Bahaya banjir kelas rendah memiliki luasan 42.771 ha; b) Kelas sedang memiliki luas 48.034 ha; c) Kelas tinggi memiliki luas 28.767 ha. Kesesuaian pola ruang pada kawasan budidaya dengan kelas bahaya banjir menunjukkan bahwa kawasan permukiman perdesaan pada kelas bahaya sedang memiliki luasan tertinggi sebesar 7.998 ha. Pada kelas bahaya tinggi, pertanian lahan basah memiliki luasan tertinggi yaitu 7.646 ha.
Tipologi wilayah berdasarkan tingkat kerentanan di wilayah perkotaan Kabupaten Kutai Timur
Authors: Ghozali Achmad , Kautsar Erlangga
Published: January 2022

Tingkat kejadian bencana kebakaran di wilayah perkotaan Kabupaten Kutai Timur dari tahun 2012 – 2019 mengalami peningkatan jumlah kejadian yang signifikan, terutama pada Kawasan Perkotaan Kabupaten Kutai Timur. Di sisi lain, pemerintah daerah setempat hingga saat ini belum memiliki instrumen pengendalian kejadian kebakaran. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pemetaan kerentanan kebakaran di wilayah perkotaan Kabupaten Kutai Timur. Untuk menghasilkan tipologi, analisis overlay pada software ArcGIS digunakan dengan mempertimbangkan faktor fisik, sosial, sarana permukiman, dan kebijakan. Selain itu, pembobotan faktor dengan AHP yang melibatkan tujuh stakeholder kunci digunakan untuk mengetahui faktor prioritas sesuai dengan kondisi kawasan. Hasil analisis diperoleh bahwa kerentanan fisik memiliki bobot 0,45, kerentanan sosial memiliki bobot 0,33, dan kerentanan ekonomi memiliki bobot 0,22. Dari prioritas faktor ini diperoleh bahwa Kawasan Perkotaan Kutai Timur terdapat tiga tipologi kerentanan kebakaran. Desa Swarga Bara, Desa Singa Gembara, dan Desa Sangatta Selatan memiliki tingkat kerentanan rendah, sedangkan Kelurahan Teluk Lingga memiliki kerentanan sedang, serta Kelurahan Singa Geweh dan Desa Sangatta Utara memiliki tingkat kerentanan tinggi.
Policies of Disaster Management in Japan for Preparation for Nankai Megathrust Earthquake
Authors: Kawata Yoshiaki ,   Faculty of Safety Science, Kansai University 7-1 Hakubai-cho, Takatsuki-shi, Osaka 569-1098, Japan
Published: January 2022

If the Nankai Megathrust Earthquake should occur, it is clear that the disaster would become a national catastrophe. To avoid the decline of Japan caused by such earthquake first of all the proactive measures, improvement of prevention, and the reactive ones, strengthening of recovery, have to be taken by means of Disaster Resilience. Looking back on the history of Japan, we can easily understand that Japan is a lucky country, because it has never experienced the disturbances of war or huge disaster leading to a collapse of the country. However, it has become obvious that if the Nankai Megathrust Earthquake should occur, it would trigger the decline of Japan. Therefore, the Ministry of Disaster Management should be established to prevent a disaster as national catastrophe and collapse of the country. For this reason the main objectives and responses of the Ministry of Disaster Management are clarified in this paper. Especially in the phases of initial response and life rebuilding making use of the experiences of the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake and recognizing that the Tokai Earthquake cannot be predicted, the issuance of the emergency information of the Nankai Megathrust Earthquake and its problems are discussed and summarized.
Pre-Existing Inequalities, Post-Event Social Environmental Changes, and Long-Term Trajectories of Life Recovery: Findings from Five-Wave Natori City Life Recovery Panel Survey
Authors: Fujimoto Shinya , Kawami Fuminori , Matsukawa Anna , Sato Shosuke , Tatsuki Shigeo ,   Graduate School of Social Studies, Doshisha University Imadegawa-dori, Karasuma Higashi-iru, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8580, Japan,   National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED), Ibaraki, Japan,   International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan,   Department of Sociology, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
Published: January 2022

This study aims to clarify: 1) the life recovery trajectories that the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE) survivors have followed; 2) the interrelationships between the life recovery trajectories and pre-existing inequalities as well as post-event social environmental changes; and 3) pre- and post-GEJE characteristics of the survivors with stagnant life recovery. The analyses are based on five-wave panel data from “Natori City Life Recovery Population Panel Survey” (n = 316), which was conducted in Natori City, Miyagi Prefecture from the fourth to the tenth years after the GEJE. Cluster analysis was performed to classify the life recovery trajectories and identified six distinct patterns. Two types of them remained at a low level of life recovery throughout the five-wave survey. Multiple correspondence analysis was conducted to analyze the relationships among life recovery trajectory patterns, pre-existing inequalities, and post-event social environmental changes. As a result, the survivors in these two types were typically older people, small household members, poor people, and persons with disabilities. These findings indicate that people with vulnerabilities who would experienced daily life troubles before the GEJE were also struggling even after the disaster.
Mini Special Issue on Disasters and Human Survivability: Preliminary Analysis
Authors: Yamashiki Yosuke Alexandre
Published: January 2022

The main goal of the conceptual framework of this mini special issue, which is based on the International Symposium on Human Survivability 2016 (ISHS2016), is to provide a fresh look at the global challenges facing humanity in the areas of energy, water, food, population, disease, etc. The ISHS2016 focused on enhancing resilience to extreme or large-scale disasters that may threaten the well-being of present and future generations. By considering past, present, and future dimensions, we aimed to develop a holistic approach that integrated various research fields.

The symposium brought together scholars from not only the natural and social sciences but also the humanities. The idea behind this was that we need to go beyond the “silo-based” approach, where handling disasters is something left to experts with specialized knowledge. The integration of the knowledge of scholars from different academic fields and backgrounds could provide novel solutions to the problem of how to enhance our resilience to future disasters.

This mini special issue aims to identify key issues in prioritizing several different types of disasters in terms of their time frames and impact frames, with the knowledge that the disasters are of completely different types and that the capacity of each institution and the consciousness of society in terms of each issue are all unequal. From those, we may identify the main characteristics of “low probability and high impact disasters,” as well as the different approaches that are needed. Disasters vary from infectious diseases to space weather, tsunamis, and earthquakes.
Numerical Simulation Study of Debris Particles Movement Characteristics by Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics
Authors: Ueta Shoji , Hosono Natsuki , Kuroki Ryusuke , Yamashiki Yosuke ,   Graduate School of Advanced Integrated Studies in Human Survivability, Kyoto University 1 Nakaadachi-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8306, Japan,   Center for Mathematical Science and Advanced Technology, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Kanagawa, Japan,   Mizuho Bank, Ltd., Kyoto, Japan
Published: January 2022

Debris flow is an important natural hazard in mountain zone because it can threaten human lives with very little warning. Since laboratory experiments on debris flows at real scale are difficult to perform, numerical simulations are important in evaluating the impact of such flows. Among several candidate models, the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is a particular attractive numerical method for this purpose. SPH is a particle-based numerical hydrodynamic method originally developed in the astrophysical field before extension to elastic bodies. Several works have already tested the applicability of SPH to debris flow, despite there are only few detailed validations. In this report, thus, we aimed to check the applicability of SPH to debris flows. Since the accurate treatment of the elastic bodies tends to be computationally expensive, we have developed a massively parallel SPH code. A comparison between laboratory experiments and numerical simulations using SPH showed qualitatively similar features, though there are differences in quantitive comparisons.
Volcanic Ash from the June 17, 1962 Eruption of Yakedake Volcano: Stereomicroscopic, XRD, and Water-Soluble Components Analyses
Authors: Yaguchi Muga , Ohba Takeshi , Hirayama Yasuo , Numanami Nozomi ,   Department of Volcanology Research, Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0052, Japan,   Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokai University, Kanagawa, Japan,   Nagano Local Meteorological Office, Japan Meteorological Agency, Nagano, Japan
Published: January 2022

We performed stereomicroscopic, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and water-soluble components analyses on volcanic ash discharged from the June 17, 1962 eruption of Yakedake volcano. Ash samples were collected without surface soil and rainfall contamination. Pyrite and gypsum were identified, as well as other previously reported constituent minerals, and 1,250 mg/kg of Cl and 10,800 mg/kg of SO4 as water-soluble components. The presence of hydrothermal alteration minerals and large amounts of water-soluble components indicates that the eruption was a phreatic event that originated in a hydrothermal alteration zone.
The Canadian Index of Wellbeing: A Better Way to Assess and Communicate the Value of Libraries
Authors: Bradley Cara
Published: January 2022

Historically libraries have struggled to communicate their value in ways meaningful to both policy-makers and the general public. Traditional measures like collection and circulation counts, while useful, fail to capture libraries’ full impact on the lives of their users. The recent dominance of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as the prevailing metric for policy and decision-making frames library value in exclusively economic terms. However, it is overreliance on economic measures like GDP in library assessment that leads to their undue underfunding. Meanwhile a tool like the Canadian Index of Wellbeing (CIW) is a credible alternative metric that shifts the focus from the purely economic toward additional facets of life. Developed through a broad cross-Canada consultation process, the CIW uses eight domains affecting wellbeing: community vitality, democratic engagement, education, environment, healthy populations, leisure and culture, living standards, and time use. Compared with the narrow economic focus of GDP, the CIW is a powerful tool to communicate the true value of public libraries and the impact they have on their users.
Fake News and Libraries: How Teaching Faculty in Higher Education View Librarians’ Roles in Counteracting the Spread of False Information
Authors: Alwan Ahmed , Garcia Eric , Kirakosian Antranik , Weiss Andrew
Published: January 2022

This paper reports on a survey of faculty members at California State University, Northridge (CSUN) in Los Angeles, California, regarding their attitudes about libraries’ and librarians’ roles in the area of fake news. This study is a continuation of a previous paper that reviewed the origins of fake news and faculty perceptions of the concept. The survey results suggest that faculty members have differing views of how libraries and librarians can help them address fake news. Across disciplines, ages, and genders, faculty members’ views show little belief in the use of the library or librarians to help combat fake news. Notably, only lecturers seem to have a strong view of libraries and librarians playing helpful roles in dealing with the fake news phenomenon. These findings may have future implications for librarians who attempt to address fake news with either their faculty or their students. It may be necessary to develop broader outreach and awareness programs to change traditional conceptions of academic librarians and library services, which are often conflated.
Propagation and Interaction of Two Parallel Internal Cracks under Tensile Stress in Cuboid Glass
Authors: Wang Haijun , Tang Lei , Yu Shuyang , Meng Qingxiang
Published: January 2022

The behavioral characteristics of multiple cracks are important factors leading to material failures. However, to date, the fracturing and interactions of internal cracks have received minimal research due to the challenges in creating real internal cracks in brittle solids without incurring any damages to the surfaces. Therefore, this study investigated the fracturing processes and interactions between two parallel penny-shaped internal cracks under tensile stress conditions using both experimental and numerical simulation methods. Glass was used as the experimental material in this study. The results showed that the vertical spacing d between the two cracks was an important factor which affected both the crack interactions and the failure loads. When the d was small, attraction and coalescence occurred between the two cracks. However, when the d was large, the fracturing was observed to occur in the plane where one crack was located. A crack propagation arc appeared in all of the examined specimens. The loads of the crack initiation and the strength levels of the specimens were determined to be positively related to the crack spacing d. It was found that the larger the d was, the larger the crack initiation load and tensile strength values would be. In the present study, the crack paths in the numerical simulations based on the MTS criterion were determined to be consistent with the experiment results.
Mechanism Study of Hydrocarbon Differential Distribution Controlled by the Activity of Growing Faults in Faulted Basins: Case Study of Paleogene in the Wang Guantun Area, Bohai Bay Basin, China
Authors: Wang Xixin , Zhou Xinrui , Li Shaohua , Zhang Naidan , Ji Ling , Lu Hang
Published: January 2022

Mechanisms that lead to different quantities of hydrocarbon accumulation in complex fault blocks are a major subject that impacts further development plans of oil and gas fields. To better understand such mechanisms, fault activity has been interpreted along with existing electron micrographs from the fault zone, petrophysical data, and the occurrence of the seismic pump. This enabled us to investigate the controlling mechanisms of the growth faults and other associated faults with the main growth fault in the Wang Guantun area that could have impacted hydrocarbon distribution. The results showed that the activity of Kongdong growth fault is periodic and intermittent, which produced strong seismic pumping action. Furthermore, a series of secondary faults were generated in adjacent strata due to the fault activity, which could have led to the formation of a secondary seismic pump source. A combination of these two incidents is believed to influence the differential distribution of hydrocarbons in the area, in fault-associated reservoirs. Ultimately, we correlated the activity of the growth fault to the strength of the pumping force causing the distribution of hydrocarbons in the active parts of the faults (pump source position) on the horizontal plane and vertically located reservoirs to be more dominant.
Doenças diagnosticadas pelo Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária em 2019
Authors: Felicetti Perosa Fernanda , Werlang Rafael André , Carneiro Christofe , Mingotti Taisson Rafael , Gimenes da Silva Isabela , Horn Vitor Waldir , Ascoli Baldi Kelen Regina , S. Surian César Rodrigo , Milagres Augusto Gomes Teane , Mendes Ricardo Evandro
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho apresenta a casuística de diagnósticos em animais de produção no ano de 2019 do Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária do IFC Campus Concórdia. Foram 267 diagnósticos em bovinos, 29 em ovinos e 40 em suínos, totalizando 336. Destes, 293 (87,2%) foram através de necropsias e 43 (12,8%) através de amostras formolizadas enviadas por veterinários. Em bovinos as doenças mais incidentes foram intoxicação por nitrato/nitrito com 13 casos (4,9%); retículo pericardite traumática com 12 casos (4,5%); polioencefalomalácia com 11 casos (4,1%); e babesiose com 9 casos (3,4%). Já em ovinos, foi hemoncose com 6 casos (20,8%) e, em suínos, a colibacilose com 10 casos (25,0%).
Doenças diagnosticadas pelo Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária no octênio 2013-2020
Authors: Felicetti Perosa Fernanda , Gris Anderson , Marchezan Piva Manoela , Schwertz Claiton Ismael , Henker Luan Cleber , Lorenzett Marina Paula , Santiani Fábio , Ascoli Baldi Kelen Regina , Milagres Augusto Gomes Teane , Assis Casagrande Renata , Mendes Ricardo Evandro
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho apresenta a casuística de diagnósticos em animais de produção entre os anos de 2013 e 2020 do Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária do IFC Campus Concórdia. Foram 1.623 diagnósticos em bovinos, 196 em ovinos e 472 em suínos, totalizando 2.291. Destes, 1.801 (78,6%) foram através de necropsias e 489 (21,4%) através de amostras formolizadas enviadas por veterinários. Em bovinos as doenças mais incidentes foram babesiose com 60 casos (3,9%); miosite clostridial com 57 casos (3,7%); leucose enzoótica bovina com 54 casos (3,5%); anaplasmose com 51 casos (3,3%); e intoxicação por nitrato/nitrito com 47 casos (3,0%). Já em ovinos, foi hemoncose com 48 casos (25,8%); lipidose hepática com 9 casos (4,8%), sendo de forma geral uma progressão da enfermidade parasitária abomasal; urolitíase com 7 casos (3,8%); e intoxicação por nitrato/nitrito com 6 casos (3,2%). Em suínos, a circovirose com 34 casos (8,3%); seguida pela a doença de Glässer e a colibacilose, cada uma com 32 casos (7,8%).
Diagnóstico de maedi-visna em ovinos no estado de Santa Catarina
Authors: Cechin Renan Augusto , Felicetti Perosa Fernanda , Gimenes da Silva Isabela , Mendes Ricardo Evandro , Ascoli Baldi Kelen Regina , Biscola Pereira Wanderson Adriano , Milagres Augusto Gomes Teane
Published: January 2022

Maedi-visna é uma doença progressiva e multissistêmica que acomete ovinos, resultando em prejuízos socioeconômicos significativos, devido à mortalidade de animais e à possíveis barreiras comerciais. Esse trabalho teve por objetivo descrever a ocorrência do lentivírus que causa a maedi-visna em ovinos através da técnica de PCR convencional em amostras biológicas. Ao nosso conhecimento, a enfermidade nunca foi diagnosticada no estado de Santa Catarina. Cinco ovinos adultos da raça Texel, oriundos de duas propriedades do município de Concórdia (SC), apresentaram quadro clínico de dispneia e/ou ataxia, emagrecimento progressivo, seguido de morte e foram enviados ao Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária (LPV) para diagnóstico. Os animais foram submetidos à necropsia, sendo fragmentos de vários órgãos, incluindo pulmão e encéfalo, colhidos em formol 10% para análise histopatológica, e congelados para PCR. Em uma das propriedades, o sangue total de 11 ovinos foi colhido para detectar a circulação do vírus no rebanho. As amostras de tecido e sangue foram submetidas a técnicas distintas de extração de DNA e testadas por PCR convencional específica para o vírus de maedi-visna. Na necropsia, as principais lesões observadas nos ovinos foram: pulmões não colabados, de consistência elástica e hipocreptante (4/5); e encéfalo com hiperemia difusa e área focal de malácia na substância branca (1/5). Na histopatologia, foram descritos pneumonia intersticial linfocítica com proliferação nodular peribronquiolar de tecido linfóide em quatro animais, e encefalite não supurativa com malácia e células Gitter em um animal. As lesões anatomopatológicas foram compatíveis com a doença maedi-visna, e o diagnóstico confirmado por PCR de pulmão. 

Dos 11 animais vivos avaliados, cinco amostras de papa de leucócitos tiveram resultado positivo através da PCR, confirmando a circulação do vírus no rebanho. As prováveis causas de introdução da doença no estado são pela aquisição de animais de regiões onde a doença já ocorre, assim como a possibilidade de transmissão através de sêmen ou embriões infectados. As medidas de prevenção e controle preconizadas tem o intuito de restringir a transmissão horizontal do vírus entre os animais, evitando o contato de animais sadios com animais infectados, principalmente o contato de ovelhas infectadas com seus borregos. A realização de testes de diagnóstico sensível como a PCR, em intervalos regulares, também é recomendada. Maedi-visna é uma enfermidade que carece de vacina e tratamento e, portanto, medidas eficazes de controle e prevenção são necessárias para evitar a disseminação no estado.
Case Study Details Reserves and Resource Management During a Merger
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: January 2022

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 206322, “Business-Oriented Reserves and Resource Management: Experiences From a Merger,” by Thies Dose, SPE, and Gunar Kachel, Wintershall Dea, prepared for the 2021 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Dubai, 21–23 September. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

In May 2019, the merger between Wintershall and DEA Deutsche Erdoel was closed, which was the birth of Wintershall Dea (WD). A system for internal reporting of petroleum resources described in the paper provides a fit-for-purpose approach, such as a consistent interpretation of commerciality criteria or definition of resources subclasses. A systematic resource-control system is defined, focusing on internal review, external and internal audits, and synergetic use of project reviews.

Merging Existing Resource Reporting

Legacy Wintershall reported resources both according to the Petroleum Resources Management System (PRMS) and the Securities Exchange Commission. PRMS reserves subclasses were reported according to project maturity (i.e., On Production, Approved for Development, and Justified for Development). This classification illustrates the project status of assets within the portfolio. The conversion factor from gas to oil equivalent was 5,600 scf/BOE, accounting for a high fraction of caloric gas in the portfolio. The official reserves and resource reporting of the legacy company toward its stakeholders was based on internally estimated reserves and resources figures. This was backed up by regular external reserves and selected contingent resources (CR) audits for control and calibration of the reported numbers.

Legacy DEA reported resources according to PRMS only. Reserves subclassification was based on reserves status (i.e., Developed Producing, Developed Nonproducing, and Undeveloped). This highlighted the differentiation according to operational and funding status (Fig. 1). DEA’s reserves reporting was directly taken from external reserve audits, whereas CR were compiled from internal estimates.

Because the portfolios of both legacy companies were mixed with respect to petroleum products, results needed to be normalized based on BOE. For the sake of consistency, all gas resources from legacy DEA were reconverted to oil-equivalent standards of legacy Wintershall.

To lay groundwork for the respective filing of documents, various 1P and 2P reserves information from audits executed by the legacy companies had to be aggregated to provide a reliable and consolidated database for investors.
Technology Focus: Bits and Bottomhole Assemblies (December 2021)
Authors: Mensa-Wilmot Graham
Published: January 2022

Well construction must always be executed safely at reduced operational costs, while ensuring appropriate wellbore quality and placement, per asset team requirements. Consequently, analysis of drilling efficiency, a critical performance indicator, has moved from maximizing rate of penetration (ROP) to improving cycle time. This recognition establishes the need for holistic solutions that address drilling challenges and promote efficient improvement strategies. This endeavor achieves well construction objectives, with associated reductions in cycle time and operations costs.

Holistic solutions must start with project analysis and comparisons to offsets to identify application differences and similarities. These evaluations establish project risks, which ultimately have positive or negative effects on well construction. Consequently, implications from these risks (limiters and potential dysfunctions) must be addressed in the planning phase, or preparations must be made for their remediation during project execution. It is not enough to know what worked or failed. Rather, it is essential to understand why and how specific trends, events, results, or relationships come about. Effective and permanent remediations for all drilling dysfunctions must focus on identification and analysis of their initiating risks.

Additionally, holistic solutions require detailed analysis of drilling systems, which include bits and reamers, bottomhole assemblies (BHAs), drive systems, hydraulics considerations, and drilling-parameter ranges and roadmaps. In addition to establishing component relevance, this effort must ensure their functional compatibility and effectiveness at addressing project risks. Drilling-parameter roadmaps must focus on well construction objectives and cycle time reduction, not ROP maximization. In this regard, cycle time is defined as the cumulative time associated with the following operations: pick up the BHA, drill out, drill ahead, trip out of hole, and run casing. Bits and BHAs have a major role in this discussion.

The industry’s fast-developing capabilities with modeling and deeper under-standing of downhole tools and systems, coupled with applications based on big data analytics, are leading these efforts. The door has been kicked open. Let’s walk through.

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

SPE 205965 - Oil and Gas Drilling Optimization Technologies Applied Successfully to Unconventional Geothermal Well Drilling by Junichi Sugiura, Sanvean Technologies, et al.

SPE 205993 - Using Downhole Sampled High-Frequency Torsional Oscillation Measurements for Identifying Stringers and Minimizing Operational Invisible Lost Time by Andreas Hohl, Baker Hughes, et al.

SPE 206064 - Mud Motor PDM Dynamics: An Analytical Model by Robello Samuel, Halliburton, et al.
Delaware Basin Case History Details Economic Benefit of Water-Recycling Program
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: January 2022

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 204166, “Turning Produced Water Into an Asset: A Delaware Basin Case History,” by Dustin Aro, SPE, and Steven Fowler, SPE, Precision Petroleum Solutions, prepared for the 2021 SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference and Exhibition, held virtually 4–6 May. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

Well completion operations are affected by freshwater procurement costs starting at approximately $0.75/bbl. Regardless of final fracturing design, water consumption during fracturing operations typically exceeds 500,000 bbl, or $375,000 per well at the time of writing. Significant value exists for recycling produced water by an on-lease pit that can be used for future fracturing operations. The case history outlined in the complete paper explores a multiwell sectional development in the Delaware Basin by a small operator that reduced drilling and completion costs, along with lease operating expenses, by turning undesirable produced water into an asset.

Regulatory Considerations

Because the Delaware Basin straddles two states, it is important to understand the guidelines and processes of pursuing produced-water recycling operations in Texas as opposed to New Mexico. The operations discussed were executed and managed on the Texas side. While contractor familiarity can be beneficial during the planning stages, the operator also must be well-versed in applicable regulations. It is advisable to consult with legal counsel regarding liability should an unplanned discharge event occur.

Lease Development History

Before the beginning of initial completions operations, three freshwater wells were drilled on-lease with the intention of use for fracturing operations. The flow rate from the three wells was insufficient to keep up with fracturing operations by an aboveground storage tank (AST). A large-volume fracturing pit was not constructed. The initial completion on Well 1, targeting the Wolfcamp C bench, was executed primarily with fresh water sourced from a third-party pit that was transferred to a nearby AST. During production, Well 1 maintained a high water cut (greater than 90%) and produced a significant amount of water over time.

Additional infrastructure would be required to fully exploit the existing freshwater wells as a source for future completions activity. Operator break-even treatment costs have been determined to be the most favorable when using a centralized pipeline water-management program. A pit would act as a centralized gathering point with temporary pipeline infrastructure for water-transfer purposes.

An internal economic analysis was undertaken to determine construction costs for a pit that could accommodate 500,000 bbl or 1,000,000 bbl of fresh water. The option of constructing a pit that could handle produced water also was included for comparison.
Building Indonesian Emotions Recognition Model by Utilizing Emphasized Emotions in Written Text
Authors: Sutoyo Rhio , Warnars Harco Leslie Hendric Spits , Isa Sani Muhamad , Budiharto Widodo
Published: January 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Evaluation of the gastrointestinal parasite burden of goats in traditional breeding in Benin
Authors: CHALLATON Pierre Kétomon , Akouedegni Guénolé Coovi , Boko Cyrille Kadoéito , Alowanou Géorcelin Goué , Houndonougbo Venant Pascal , Kifouly Aboudou Habirou , Hounzangbe-Adote Sylvie Mawulé
Published: January 2022

Goat farming in Benin is traditional. In this system, animals harbor parasites that cause economic losses related to growth and reproduction performance, which strongly affect farm productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the gastrointestinal parasite burden of goats in Benin. Thus, feces were sampled from 572 and 497 goats in the rainy and dry seasons, respectively, in southern, central and northern Benin. The parasite inventory was performed using the Mini-FLOTAC technique for the quantitative study and the Baermann method for the qualitative research. The results showed an overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of 96.82%. Furthermore, goats were mainly infected with Coccidia (92.24%); strongyles (83.91%), of which the critical genera were Haemonchus spp, Trichostrongylus spp, and Oesophagostomum spp; Strongyloides spp (73.25%) followed by Moniezia spp (21.8%). Other gastrointestinal parasites retrieved were Trichuris spp (0.94%) and Toxocara spp (0.28%). Infestation rates and the number of Eggs Per Gram of feces (EPG) were higher in the wet season than in the dry season. During the wet season, infestations were severe for strongyles, Moniezia spp, coccidian, and moderate for Strongyloides spp and light during the dry season except for Coccidia, where they were intense. Infestation rates and egg excretion of gastrointestinal parasites were shaped by age, sex, breed, and study areas. This knowledge of gastrointestinal parasites will help guide the surveillance of goat parasitosis in Benin.
PragmaTic, ProspEctive, Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind, MulTi-Centre, Multinational Study on the Safety and Efficacy of a 6% HydroxYethyl Starch (HES) Solution Versus an Electrolyte Solution in Trauma Patients: Study Protocol for the TETHYS Study
Authors: Palma Clementina Duran , Mamba Musawenkosi , Geldenhuys Johan , Fadahun Oluwafolajimi , Rossaint Rolf , Zacharowski Kai , Brand Martin , Díaz-Cambronero Óscar , Belda F. Javier , Westphal Martin , Brauer Ute , Dormann Dirk , Dehnhardt Tamara , Hernandez-Gonzalez Martin , Schmier Sonja , Boer Dianne de Korte-de , Plani Frank , Buhre Wolfgang
Published: January 2022

BackgroundTrauma may be associated with significant to life-threatening blood loss, which in turn may increase the risk of complications and death, particularly in the absence of adequate treatment. Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) solutions are used for volume therapy to treat hypovolemia due to acute blood loss to maintain or re-establish hemodynamic stability with the ultimate goal to avoid organ hypoperfusion and cardiovascular collapse. The current study compares a 6% HES 130 solution (Volulyte 6%) versus an electrolyte solution (Ionolyte) for volume replacement therapy in adult patients with traumatic injuries, as requested by the European Medicines Agency to gain more insights into the safety and efficacy of HES in the setting of trauma care. MethodsTETHYS is a pragmatic, prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind, multicenter, multinational trial performed in two parallel groups. Eligible consenting adults >18 years, with an estimated blood loss of ≥ 500 ml, and in whom initial surgery is deemed necessary within 24 hours after blunt or penetrating trauma, will be randomized to receive intravenous treatment at an individualized dose with either a 6% HES 130, or an electrolyte solution, for a maximum of 24 hours or until reaching the maximum daily dose of 30 ml/kg body weight, whatever occurs first. Sample size is estimated as 175 patients per group, 350 patients total (α=0.025 one-tailed, power 1–β=0.8). Composite primary endpoint evaluated in an exploratory manner will be 90-day mortality and 90-day renal failure, defined as AKIN stage ≥ 2, RIFLE injury/failure stage, or use of renal replacement therapy (RRT) during the first 3 months. Secondary efficacy and safety endpoints are fluid administration and balance, changes in vital signs and hemodynamic status, changes in laboratory parameters including renal function, coagulation, and inflammation biomarker, incidence of adverse events during treatment period, hospital, and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, fitness for ICU or hospital discharge, and duration of mechanical ventilation and/or RRT. DiscussionThis pragmatic study will increase the evidence on safety and efficacy of 6% HES 130 for treatment of hypovolemia secondary to acute blood loss in trauma patients. Trial registration Registered in EudraCT, No.: 2016-002176-27 (21/04/2017) and ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT03338218 (09/11/2017)Abstract word count: 349 (max 350)Trial status Recruitment phase, as of 02/12/2021. End of recruitment is expected by 30/04/2022
The Relationship Between Demographic And Clinical Factors And Cancer-Related Fatigue
Authors: Emami Payam , Azadmehr Farhad , Membari Kosar , Zareie Farzad
Published: January 2022

Introduction and Objective: One of the most common and debilitating cancer-related problems experienced by patients at any stage of the disease is fatigue. The present study aimed at determining the relationship between demographic and clinical factors with cancer-related fatigue in patients referring to oncology clinics of selected hospitals affiliated with Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2018.Methods: The present study is a descriptive-correlational one. As many as 160 cancer patients entered the present study. These patients had already referred to oncology clinics of selected hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2018. The participants were selected based convenience sampling. Data collection tools included demographic information and a multidimensional fatigue symptom inventory short form, the validity of which was assessed by ten professors of the School of Nursing and Midwifery, at Shahid Beheshti University. Moreover, for the reliability of the questionnaire by internal consistency method, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was reported to be 81%. After collecting data, the data obtained from the study were analyzed using SPSS-22.Results: According to the results of the present study in which 160 cancer patients entered, the mean age of patients was 55.51 ± 14.27 years; Most of the patients were married men. The results of independent t-test to compare the mean total score of fatigue in patients with a family history of cancer and patients without a history showed a significant difference (P = 0.016, t = 2.429). However, no significant difference was observed between the mean total score of fatigue in patients with a history of drug use and patients with no history of drug use (P = 0.314, t = -1.010). The results of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there was no significant difference between marital status and general level of fatigue (P = 0.122, F = 1.961).Conclusion: In the present study, the type of treatment and family history of cancer were factors that were associated with cancer-related fatigue. Therefore, in addition to providing physical care and nursing interventions, giving due attention to the demographic and clinical components of cancer patients can play an effective role in treating fatigue in these patients.
Critical Care Tele-pharmacy Services During COVID-19 Pandemic: a Qualitative Exploration of Healthcare Practitioners’ Perceptions
Authors: Isleem Nour , Shoshaa Sadim , Ghalyoun Ahmad Abu , Khatib Mohamad , Naseralallah Lina , Danjuma Mohammed , Saad Mohamed
Published: January 2022

BackgroundThe scope of clinical pharmacy services has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic with the view to mitigating both exposure and spread of the virus. The performance of novel pandemic-driven services such as tele-pharmacy has remained unexplored, until now. To investigate the perceptions of healthcare providers of the impact of tele-pharmacy services provided in critical care units during COVID-19.MethodsA qualitative study of semi-structured interviews conducted with healthcare practitioners who worked in COVID-19 intensive care units and remotely interacted with clinical pharmacists at the Weill Cornell-affiliated Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha Qatar. A random sampling technique was employed to recruit participants, with the resultant interview guide piloted before the commencement of the data collection process. ResultsFrom a total of 129 and 200 Physicians and nurses respectively. 20 interviews were conducted with physicians (n=15), and nurses (n=5). From these interactions, a number of major themes emerged including satisfactory understanding across clinical environment and personnel (physician and nurses) about remote clinical pharmacists’ roles; additional robust feedback on the perception of the remote clinical pharmacy service; an understanding by “frontline” health personnel on the discernible differences between remote and in-person coverage of clinical pharmacists; a reflection by both physicians and nurses on the novel challenges involved in the implementing of such pandemic-driven service; and solutions to overcome these challenges. ConclusionIn this novel qualitative study of pandemic-driven tele-pharmacy service, we found a positive perception amongst healthcare practitioners towards this service; with residual challenges that will need further evaluation by large sampled sized surveys or mixed methods research.
Clinical Characteristics, Outcomes and Regional Variations of Acquired Valvular Heart Disease Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery Between 2016 and 2018 in China
Authors: Lin Hongyuan , Hou Jianfeng , Gong Jiamiao , Wu Yongjian , Zheng Zhe
Published: January 2022

AimsTo characterize surgical valvular heart diseases (VHDs) in China and disclose regional variations in VHD surgeries by analyzing the data derived from the Chinese Cardiac Surgery Registry (CCSR).Methods and resultsFrom January 2016 to December 2018, we consecutively collected the demographic information, clinical characteristics and outcomes of 38131 patients undergoing valvular surgery in China. We sought to assess the quality of VHD surgery by examining in-hospital deaths of all patients from 7 geographic regions. Using a hierarchical generalized linear model, we calculated the risk-standardized mortality rate (RSMR) of each region. By comparing VHD characteristics and RSMRs, we pursued an investigation into regional variations. The mean age was 54.4±12.4 years, and 47.2% of the patients were females. Among cases, the number of aortic valve surgeries was 9361 (24.5%), which was less than that of mitral valve surgeries (n=14506, 38.0%). The number of both aortic and mitral valve surgeries was 6984 (18.3%). A total of 4529 surgical VHD patients (11.9%) also underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 2.17%. The lowest RSMR, 0.91%, was found in the southwest region, and the highest RSMR, 3.99%, was found in the northeast.ConclusionAlthough the overall valvular surgical mortality rate in large Chinese cardiac centers was in line with developed countries, there were marked regional variations in the characteristics and outcomes of surgical VHD patients across China.
Development & Evaluation of an Unconscious Bias Course for the National Research Mentoring Network
Authors: Javier Damaris , Solis Linda , Paul Mirabelle Fernandes , Thompson Erika L. , Latif Zainab , Stinson Katie , Ahmed Toufeeq , Vishwanatha Jamboor K. , Maynard Grace
Published: January 2022

PurposeIncreased awareness and mitigation of one's unconscious bias is a critical strategy in diversifying the Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics, and Medicine (STEMM) and biomedical disciplines and workforce. Greater management of unconscious bias can enhance diverse recruitment, persistence, retention, and engagement of trainees. The purpose of this study was to describe the development and evaluation of an asynchronous course on unconscious bias and the potential effect it may have on healthcare and STEMM. The course was created with biomedical and healthcare practitioners and students in mind. MethodA five-part, asynchronous Unconscious Bias Course was developed and was hosted on a national mentoring platform starting in July 2020. To evaluate program reach, the authors assessed the demographics of participants using the training and evaluated participant responses to a post-test assessment using qualitative methods. ResultsOverall, 977 people registered for the training and 42% completed all modules. In the post-tests, participants reflected on their unconscious biases in their lived experiences and how it relates to actions, judgements, external factors, stereotypes, and un-intentionality. Participants also reflected on microaggressions, their impact on the recipients and others, and the relationship between microaggressions and unconscious bias. Participants reported four key strategies used by allies against unconscious bias: immediately acting (83%), reflection (46%), improving the organizational culture (30%), and individual-level ally-ship (44%). Strategies for self-awareness included: reflection, pausing/breathing, and self-observation.ConclusionThe evaluation of the Unconscious Bias Course showed participants understood the underpinnings of the training. This course, and its suite of offerings, support a nationwide effort to mitigate bias and prepare individuals to be culturally competent in a diverse society in order to foster a STEMM and biomedical environment that caters to individuals' success and diversification of these fields.
Effects of Post-Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action Sanctions on the Nutritional Status and Food Security of Pregnant Women and Their Families (2017-2020)
Authors: Gohari Morteza , Khosravi Maryam , Jamali Jamshid , Khadem-Rezaiyan Majid , Ranjbar Golnaz , Khorramrouz Fatemeh
Published: January 2022

Background & Objective: Sanctions against a country could be a shock to the country's economy for a specific period. Iran has been subject to various sanctions for the past 40 years, and these sanctions have been intensified since 2011. Unprecedented sanctions were imposed on Iranians after the United States withdrew from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) agreement, and a disastrous economic situation is the outcome of this international issue. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of this situation on the nutritional status and food security of pregnant women and their families.Materials and Methods: Data were collected using questionnaires of SINA electronic health record system (SINAEHR®) for 19 comprehensive health centers in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Data were collected using the census method, and 266,182 pregnant women were investigated. Data analysis was performed using Generalized Estimation Equations (GEE). Results: Weight gain during pregnancy (P<0.001) and birth weight of the newborns (P<0.047) significantly decreased during the sanctions. Conclusion: According to the results, there has been a significant reduction in the two variables of weight gain in pregnant women and newborns birth weight, which confirms the debilitative effects of sanctions on the nutritional status and health of pregnant women and infants in Iran.
Channel Estimation For The Multiuser Multipanel Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output System
Authors: Ghadiri Abbas , Atashbar Mahmoud , Feghhi M. Mohassel
Published: January 2022

By increasing the number of antennas, the size and weight of massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) become much larger and heavier, respectively. To deal with these problems, the 3GPP standardization group captured the multipanel in New Radio communications. Channel estimation is needed for accurate uplink signal recovery and downlink precoding of massive MIMO. Due to the use of hybrid structure and the nonuniform distribution of the antenna arrays, the conventional channel estimation methods cannot be used in multipanel massive MIMO. In this paper, we propose the channel estimation for the millimeter-wave multipanel MIMO systems in multiuser environments, in which the channel estimation problem is transformed to an angular domain block sparse signal recovery problem. In the following, we solve the obtained sparse model using the proposed generalized block orthogonal matching pursuit method. Also, the proper pilot sequence is designed in the proposed method. Finally, we check the accuracy of the proposed estimation algorithm, which simulation results show the superior performance of the proposed method compared to that of the classic method.