bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Perception, Expectation of Students/Pre-service Teachers and Service Quality Gap in Greek Tertiary Education
Authors: Anastasiadou S D
Published: September 2023

The main plan of the present article is to explore the inter-relationships of foremost constructs related to students/pre-service teachers as Customer Satisfaction regarding ASPETE services. The aim of the article is to assess the ASPETE service quality in a period of financial crisis and unemployment. The article examines the relationship or the gap between perceived and expected quality of service in terms of all its dimensions such as tangibility, reliability, assurance, responsiveness, empathy and accessibility.
 
 
Keywords: students/pre-service teachers, satisfaction, ASPETE, quality, services
Effect of Training and Development on Employee Performance: A Case Study of Selected Banks in Mogadishu, Somalia
Authors: Hamud Warsame Mohamed
Published: September 2023

The aim of this investigation is to explore how the execution of representatives in present-day companies is influenced by training and development. The reason for this research is to look at the relationship between activities for training and development, recognize the factors that impact the adequacy of these programs, and propose proposals for improved methods. To attain these destinations, a mixed-method approach was utilized, including both quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews. The quantitative information was collected through a standardized survey dispersed to employees over diverse organizations, whereas the qualitative data was obtained through in-depth interviews with human resources specialists and supervisors. In arrange to infer noteworthy insights from the procured data, statistical analysis techniques were utilized near thematic analysis.
The study's major findings appear an impressive advantageous affiliation between training and improvement and employee performance. Concurring with the findings, employees who took an interest in important and well-designed training programs had progressed levels of job performance, job satisfaction, and engagement. The study also found various components that affect the adequacy of training and development programs, such as leadership support, resource allocation, employee motivation, and organizational culture. These come about and have far-reaching consequences. Organizations that engage intensive and centred training and improvement exercises are more likely to see higher employee performance, job satisfaction, and organizational success. The inquiry emphasizes the significance of coordinating and training programs for personal worker necessities as well as corporate objectives.
To optimize the adequacy of training and development exercises, it also highlights the significance of strong leadership support, legitimate resources, and a sound learning culture. The study's findings include the current body of information by giving empirical verification of the favourable impact of training and development on employee performance. The study's recommendations give businesses practical ways to progress the plan, execution, and appraisal of their training and advancement programs. At last, this inquiry could be a critical asset for HR specialists, directors, and decision-makers looking to develop a skilled and motivated staff and in this manner progress organizational execution in today's competitive financial world.
Optimal paths in the endogenous AK class growth models
Authors: Panek Emil
Published: September 2023

The AK class models are simple visions of economic dynamics, where production level is determined by quantity of physical capital at economy's disposal and efficiency of its usage in the process of production. One assumes implicitly that technological conditions unambiguously define the level of technical endowment of labor (the ratio of capital to labor) and labor resources are so abundant that they serve any quantity of capital. In the paper we show that even in such simple aggregated models of economic dynamics, where an endogenous growth mechanism of capital efficiency works (due to investments and innovations by R&D), it is possible to achieve social welfare, measured by production and consumption p.c., which is not attainable on the grounds of the neoclassical growth model. (original abstract)
BIST 100'ün Rusya'nın Ukrayna İşgaline Tepkisi: Ekonometrik Bir Analiz
Authors: Taşdelen Selvihan
Published: September 2023

Dünyanın herhangi bir yerinde yaşanan finansal ve siyasi krizler, sosyal ve politik olaylar, salgın hastalıklar ve savaşlar, ülkelerdeki tüm sektörleri etkilemektedir. Global ekonomiler, Covid 19 salgınının oluşturduğu yaraları sarmaya çalışırken, Rusya-Ukrayna savaşıyla birlikte yeni bir belirsizlik ortamının içerisine girmiştir. Rusya’nın Ukrayna’yı 24 Şubat 2022 tarihinde işgaliyle başlayan savaşın, dünya ekonomisi ve finansal piyasalar üzerinde pek çok etkisi bulunmaktadır. Bu savaşla birlikte tüm dünyada petrol, enerji, gıda ve emtia piyasaları olumsuz etkilenmiştir. Dolayısıyla Covid 19 salgını sonrası küresel olarak ekonomilerde beklenen toparlanma gecikmiştir. Savaşla beraber tüm dünyada ekonomilerinde mevcut belirsizlik ortamı daha da derinleşmiştir. Bu belirsizlik ortamından, savaşa taraf olanlarla beraber taraf olmayanlar da etkilenmektedir. Rusya-Ukrayna savaşı, tüm ülkelere ekonomik bir maliyet yüklemiştir. Ayrıca dünyadaki tüm finansal piyasalarda savaşın devam etmesi nedeniyle belirsizlikle beraber risk ortamıda oluşmuştur. Bu çerçevede, bu çalışma ile Rusya ve Ukrayna arasında devam eden savaşa, BIST 100 endeksinin verdiği tepki ölçülmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu çalışmada Rusya’nın Ukrayna'yı işgal etmeye başladığı 24 Şubat 2022 tarihinin öncesi ve sonrası dönemleri kapsayan, 05.08.2021-05.09.2022 tarihleri arasında, BIST 100 Endeksinin değişimleri tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada investing.com adresinden elde edilen verilerin analizi, R programında 4.2.0 "Vigorous Calisthenics" versiyonunda yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre yapısal kırılma analizinde dikkate alınan dönem içerisinde savaşın BIST 100 üzerinde farklı etkilerinin olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Rusya, Ukrayna, İşgal, BIST 100, ARIMA
JEL Sınıflandırması: G1
Şiddetli pankreatiti öngörmede yeni biyobelirteç; Sistemik immün-inflamasyon indeksi
Authors: BALAS Şener , ÇINKIL Nurhak Cihangir , APAYDIN Muhammed
Published: September 2023

Amaç: Akut pankreatit (AP), pankreasta sıklıkla peripankreatik dokuları, bazen de uzak dokuları tutan akut inflamatuar bir süreçtir. Şiddetli akut pankreatiti(ŞAP) öngörmede kolay, hızlı ve ucuz biyobelirteçleri tanımlamak bir ihtiyaçtır. Birçok çalışmada da SII anlamlı bir inflamasyon öngörücüsü olarak gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmada SII’ın ŞAP’ı öngörmede prediktif değerini ortaya koymayı amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif çalışma Ankara Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu’nun 12.09.2022 tarihli 146/08 karar numaralı onayı ile yapıldı. Çalışmaya hastanemizde akut pankreatit ile yatarak tedavi görmüş 131 hasta dahil edildi. SII’ın ŞAP’ı öngörmede prediktif değeri karşılaştırmalı analiz ve ROC analizi ile değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya 59’u(%45) kadın 72’si(%55) erkek toplam 131 hasta dahil edildi. Bunların 95’i(%72,5) HAP ile 36’sı(%22,5) ŞAP ile takip edilen hastalardı. HAP grubuna göre serviste yatış süresi ve yoğun bakımda yatış süresi anlamlı olarak yüksekti(p
Kanser hastalarında radyoterapi sırasında müzik dinlemenin anksiyete seviyelerine etkisi
Authors: KEKİLLİ Esra , ÖZTÜRK Erdem , GÜZLE ADAŞ Yasemin
Published: September 2023

Amaç: Kanser tanı ve tedavisi hastalarda kaygıya neden olabilmektedir. Kanserli hastaların kaygılarını azaltmak için müzik müdahalesi gibi tamamlayıcı tedaviler güncel yaklaşımlardır. Bu çalışmada Radyoterapi alan hastalarda müzik müdahalesinin kaygı üzerine etkisini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Küratif amaçlı radyoterapi alan 100 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastalar müzik müdahale ve kontrol gruplarına ayrıldı. Her grup 50 hastadan oluşmakta ancak müzik müdahale grubundan 3, kontrol grubundan 2 hasta anketleri tamamlayamadıklarından analize dahil edilmediler. Müzik müdahale grubundaki hastalar radyoterapi sırasında dinleyecekleri müzik türünü kendileri seçtiler. Kontrol grubuna radyoterapi sırasında müzik dinletilmedi. Her iki grupta ilk radyoterapi uygulaması sonrası kaygı düzeyleri STAI-I ve BAI anketleri ile değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Kontrol grubunda 48 hasta ve müzik grubunda 47 hasta analiz edildi. Radyoterapi sonrası ortalama STAI-I skorları kontrol ve müzik gruplarında sırasıyla 42.1 ± 11.1 ve 29.9 ± 6.7 olarak bulundu ve istatistiksel olarak farklılık vardı (p=0.000). Radyoterapi sonrası ortalama BAI skorları kontrol ve müzik gruplarında sırasıyla 19.96 ± 6.3 and 13.3 ± 3.1 olarak bulundu ve istatistiksel olarak farklılık vardı (p=0.000).

Sonuç: Radyoterapi sırasında müzik dinlemek kanser hastalarında kaygıyı azaltmada etkili olabilmektedir.
Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Inhibition on Biofilms Cassava Starch with Green Cayenne Pepper Leaf Extract (Capsicum Frutescens L)
Authors: Rahmadhia Safinta Nurindra
Published: September 2023

Biofilm is an alternative packaging for food products in the form of thin layers made from natural materials that are safe to use and for consumption. One of the materials used in the manufacture of biofilms is starch. However, starch-based biofilms have a weakness, namely their low water resistance. The addition of green cayenne pepper leaf extract is thought to improve the physicochemical properties as well as the potential to become antimicrobial for biofilms. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of green cayenne leaf extract on the physicochemical and antimicrobial properties of cassava starch biofilm. The green cayenne leaf extract formulations used in this study were F0 (control), F1 (1 ml), F2 (1.5 ml), F3 (2 ml), F4 (2.5 ml) and F5 (3 ml) with 3 repetitions each. The results of this study indicate that the addition of green cayenne leaf extract has a significant effect on thickness (0.17-0.26 mm), tensile strength (2.25-5.87 Mpa), elongation (44.9-81.9 % ), solubility (23.1-27.6 %), water vapor permeability (5.20-9.23 g/m.s.kPa), moisture content (11.3-11.8 %) and microbial inhibition on F5 results in higher values ​​of F0 and F1.
Monitoring and Control System Development on IoT-Based Aeroponic Growth of Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.)
Authors: Eka Putri Renny , Fauzia Winda , Cherie Dinah
Published: September 2023

One of the methods that can be used by Indonesian people in urban farming is the Aeroponic method of planting plants. The aeroponic method has a faster nutrient delivery speed than hydroponics and normal plant cultivation. The main objective of this study was to design an aeroponic monitoring and control system for Pakcoy (Brassica rapa. L) using the blynk application as an interface for remote control. The control system used is NodeMCU V3, DHT22 sensor, HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor and TDS sensor. Plants in the system use a container box measuring 110 cm x 80 cm with 10 nozzles on the inside of the box attached to a ½ inch pipe, with 24 planting holes on the lid of the box with a spacing of 20 cm. The pump will automatically turn on when the temperature in the box is >25oC and will stop when the temperature is =24oC, or when the humidity is <80%. The results obtained during the 30 days of research showed that the average R2 value of the DHT22 sensor was 0.9864 and 0.9864, the HC-SR04 sensor was 0.996 and the TDS sensor was 0.9899. Observations on the growth of pakcoy plants obtained an average height of 13.3 cm for system plants and 13.4 cm for control plants. The average leaf width in system plants was 4.3 cm and 3.6 cm in control plants. the average number of leaves on system plants is 8 leaves and 9 leaves on control plants. The system plant weight was 5.493 gr and that of the control plant was 2.961 gr. The control system that has been made can work well and can be used in aeroponic cultivation of plants.
Estimasi Risiko Migrasi Bisfenol A (BPA) Dari Kemasan Logam Pangan Olahan Di Indonesia
Authors: Suyatma Nugraha Edhi , Chasfila Sentani , Giriwono Puspo Edi
Published: September 2023

Logam merupakan salah satu jenis kemasan pangan yang banyak digunakan, untuk mencegah korosi. Logam biasanya dilapisi dengan pelapis epoksi resin seperti bisfenol A (BPA). BPA dapat mempengaruhi sistem endokrin dan dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada berbagai jaringan serta organ. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan migrasi BPA pada kemasan kaleng sarden dan kornet serta paparannya pada penduduk Indonesia. Sampel yang digunakan adalah kemasan kaleng kosong untuk sarden dan kornet masing-masing 12 buah kemudian dianalisis menggunakan HPLC-UV Vis. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa konsetrasi migrasi BPA dalam kemasan kaleng sarden (menggunakan simulan etanol 20%) berkisar antara 0,005 – 0,05 mg/kg. Sedangkan dalam kemasan kaleng kornet (menggunakan simulan etanol 10%) sebesar 0,005 mg/kg. Rerata estimasi paparan perhari migrasi BPA dari konsumsi sarden dalam kaleng tertinggi terdapat pada usia 24-59 bulan yaitu 0,0546 µg/kgBB, sedangkan estimasi paparan perhari migrasi BPA dari konsumsi kornet dalam kaleng tertinggi terdapat pada usia anak 5-12 tahun yaitu sebesar 0,0066 µg/kgBB.  Nilai risiko P95 untuk paparan migrasi BPA dari konsumsi sarden dalam kaleng pada seluruh kelompok usia sebesar 2,3883% sedangkan nilai risiko paparan dari konsumsi kornet dalam kaleng pada seluruh kelompok usia sebesar 0,3846%. Nilai risiko tersebut tidak melebihi asupan harian yang dapat ditoleransi sementara (tTDI), yang mengindikasikan bahwa paparan migrasi BPA melalui kemasan kaleng sarden dan kornet akibat mengkonsumsi sarden dan kornet tidak menimbulkan risiko bahaya terhadap kesehatan manusia di Indonesia.
Neohinduismo: reinterpretación y universalización de la idea de liberación en Ram Mohan Roy y Swāmi Vivekānanda
Authors: Bennetts Edgar
Published: September 2023

En este artículo analizo la postura de dos de los más importantes pensadores modernos de la India: Ram Mohan Roy y Swāmi Vivekānanda, señalando su tendencia a reinterpretar, homogenizar y/o descontextualizar la idea de liberación espiritual, en contraste con la idea de liberación tradicional. Así pues, hay dos tendencias de concebir la idea de liberación: la antigua o tradicional y la moderna, solo que, de la segunda, siempre se asume una reinterpretación de la primera, pues mientras que la idea de liberación tradicional es estrictamente religiosa (solo para adeptos o discípulos), dogmática y excluyente; la idea de liberación moderna es laica, abierta e incluyente (sin distinción de raza, nacionalidad o suscripción religiosa). Para dar cuenta de esta reinterpretación o descontextualización, fuenecesario hacer un balance del horizonte hermenéutico entre Europa e India, es decir, un análisis general de cómo se relacionan, afectan e influyen mutuamente dichas culturas, y cómo, a raíz de este encuentro, la India comienza una tendencia a reinterpretarse. A esta tendencia generada en la modernidad, a raíz del encuentro con Europa, se le ha acuñado el término neohinduismo, el cual explicaré, aunado a sus variantes terminológicas.
Introducción a la funcionalidad del símbolo
Authors: Díaz Hilton Adrián
Published: September 2023

A lo largo de este ensayo se analiza el proceso de significacióninterpretación por medio de las funciones del símbolo en relación con otros signos, unos más sencillos y otros más complejos. Estas oposiciones revelan la esencia significativa de la obra de arte y ofrecen un modelo para la interpretación lingüística, lógica, ética y estética de sus símbolos y de la obra como unidad; además, revelan la funcionalidad de la obra dentro del canon y su recepción y resignificación en otras corrientes estéticas y otras artes. Usando un par de sonetos de sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, esta investigación apunta hacia una teoría y una definición del símbolo desde la hermenéutica de Heidegger, Cassirer y Ricoeur.
Rocky Balboa contra Marcel Duchamp Trabajo artístico y consunción en el último capitalismo
Authors: Giraldo Efrén
Published: September 2023

El artículo analiza la recepción contemporánea de la obra de Marcel Duchamp y la lectura que podemos hacer en retrospectiva de la imaginería de esfuerzo, consunción y logro en las películas sobre el boxeo, especialmente la saga Rocky, iniciada en 1976, poco después de la gran retrospectiva dedicada a Duchamp. Ambos fenómenos se examinan a la luz de las transformaciones del nuevo espíritu del capitalismo, cuya aceleración, producida por la crisis de materias primas y la posterior conversión del dólar en moneda fiduciaria, supusieron el abandono del respaldo del oro y la aparición de la economía creativa en tiempos de la entronización del arte conceptual. El ascenso de Rocky por las escalinatas del Museo de Arte de Filadelfia, una de las secuencias más recordadas (1976), ofrece el hilo conductor para analizar la figuración del ascenso en el caso de Rocky Balboa y del ingreso “de lo cualquiera en lo supremo” (Badiou) en el caso de Marcel Duchamp. Se busca conducir una nueva lectura, en la que las estrategias existenciales de Duchamp suponen una puerta de salida a la autoexplotación y la precarización en el trabajo artístico de hoy.
Historiografía sobre los estudios de arte rupestre de la cordillera de Guanacaste y de su llanura costera (Costa Rica)
Authors: Costa Philippe , Molina Muñoz Priscilla , Künne Martin , Gelliot Eric
Published: September 2023

El arte rupestre de Costa Rica ha sido objeto de estudios particulares desde finales del siglo XIX, siendo en principio el tema de investigaciones puntuales como resultado de descubrimientos casuales en las diferentes regiones del país. A pesar de los registros sistemáticos entre los años 1960 y 1970 en la cordillera de Guanacaste, ubicada en el noroeste del país, no se nota una intensificación de las investigaciones científicas antes de los años 1990. Por lo tanto, el estudio temático de esta clase de fuentes arqueológicas todavía es un fenómeno relativamente reciente. Analizando el hilo de las publicaciones sobre el arte rupestre de la cordillera de Guanacaste, es posible vislumbrar como los contextos, los enfoques analíticos y las técnicas aplicadas han moldeado el conocimiento y la interpretación de las representaciones estudiadas en una región transcultural entre Mesoamérica y el Área Intermedia.
Historia de la sal en la Antigüedad y su trayectoria historiográfica
Authors: Morère Molinero Nuria Elisa , Domínguez del Triunfo Helena
Published: September 2023

Este trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar la evolución historiográfica de un campo de estudio reciente, la historia de la sal y, más específicamente, en la Antigüedad, determinando cómo y dentro de qué corrientes de pensamiento histórico se fraguó, cuáles han sido su evolución y enfoques y cómo se ha consolidado e integrado en las tendencias y prácticas actuales. En efecto, la sal ha estado implicada en los primeros estudios históricos por su contenido económico y el intervencionismo estatal, que es lo que han transmitido las principales fuentes históricas de la Antigüedad. Su trampolín resultaron ser las historias temáticas y la historia global de los individuos en sociedad que propuso la Escuela de los Annales, especialmente en la tercera generación con Jacques Le Goff, quien se apoyó en unos primeros estudios de una naciente arqueología. Esta consolidación de los estudios históricos de la sal avanzará dedicada a otros periodos históricos y no tardará en ampliarse a la Antigüedad. Los estudios arqueológicos locales en grandes regiones productoras de sal marcarán su identificación y consolidación como campo de estudio, junto con el carácter colateral de la sal en otras temáticas como la alimentación, la conservación de alimentos, la tecnología y la cultura. Actualmente, ya está plenamente individualizada la historia de la sal en la Antigüedad y participa de las nuevas tendencias en investigación histórica y arqueológica. Las fuentes escritas están siendo analizadas desde otras perspectivas, sumándose a otras temáticas, mientras que se están creando grandes equipos interdisciplinares, proyectos de gran envergadura y trabajos de campo que combinan lo local con amplias regiones, diferentes periodos históricos en su continuidad y metodologías aportadas por nuevas disciplinas sobre el medioambiente y el territorio; todo ello augura un intenso campo de trabajo para los años venideros en torno a los lugares de producción, las técnicas o el marco de la explotación.
Cartas de Emil Hübner conservadas en la Biblioteca Nacional de España
Authors: Moreno Benito Arturo
Published: September 2023

La figura de Emil Hübner, capital para entender el desarrollo tanto de la disciplina epigráfica como de la Historia Antigua de Hispania desde el siglo XIX, se ha convertido, por méritos propios, en el objeto de estudio de parte de la historiografía actual. En este trabajo se presentan y analizan las cartas manuscritas de Hübner conservadas en los fondos de profundizar en su dimensión como epigrafista, con especial atención al método de trabajo –sin olvidar la faceta personal–, así como a los mecanismos de interacción que mantuvo con sus colaboradores en la Península, que fueron esenciales para la conclusión del fascículo del Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum dedicado a Hispania.
Reflexiones historiográficas sobre la decoración mural y simulación arquitectónica
Authors: Jaquero Esparcia Alejandro
Published: September 2023

El presente artículo profundiza en el discurso histórico surgido en torno a la decoración mural, en especial de las simulaciones arquitectónicas. Aunque tratamos de un aspecto ornamental utilizado ya desde la Antigüedad, su análisis estuvo en un segundo plano tanto dentro de los estudios sobre pintura mural como de los conjuntos arquitectónicos donde se ubicaban. Desde mediados del siglo XX surgen las primeras investigaciones que reivindicaban la originalidad de estas creaciones a comienzos de la Edad Moderna y, en especial, su progreso en el territorio italiano. La contribución propone un recorrido cronológico por la Modernidad que nos permita centrarnos en el panorama de Europa occidental, la recepción del fenómeno en España y algunas de sus derivaciones en el contexto Iberoamericano. Asimismo, abordamos la importancia del trabajo multidisciplinar, las nuevas propuestas de investigación desde el campo académico, el papel de las TIC en su conservación y difusión, además de otros puntos de vista que enriquecen nuestro conocimiento sobre las decoraciones murales.
El comercio de antigüedades en Arica durante el periodo republicano peruano (1824-1880)
Authors: Lagos-Flores Octavio
Published: September 2023

El puerto de Arica fue parte de la red global de intercambios establecida por las potencias noratlánticas en su proceso de expansión colonial global durante el siglo XIX, este en América Latina buscó posicionarlas como nuevas fuerzas hegemónicas en la región sustituyendo a España. Arica se constituyó como un nodo de esta red, participando en ella como una zona de intercambios comerciales y contactos interculturales. Una dimensión de estos intercambios fue el comercio de antigüedades, principalmente objetos arqueológicos asociados a cementerios prehispánicos, los que fueron explotados intensivamente desde inicios del periodo colonial hispano. De esta forma, Arica funcionó como un repositorio de especímenes arqueológicos, donde interactuaron una diversidad de agentes, dentro de los cuales, la comunidad británica residente cumplió un rol principal por sobre la élite local.
Cenografias autorais em Machado de Assis
Authors: Schoeps Luciana Antonini
Published: September 2023

Dentro do espectro das teorias que abordam a noção de autoria, este artigo se propõe a analisar a questão das cenografias autorais a partir da teoria do escritor imaginário estabelecida pelo professor e pesquisador francês José-Luis Diaz, mostrando tal conceito como um operador teórico frutífero para a compreensão do caso específico de Machado de Assis.
Rural women's access to land: An appraisal of land rights campaigns in Missenyi district Tanzania
Authors: Kabiito Theopister Joseph
Published: September 2023

This paper aimed at appraising the land rights campaigns towards women's land access in Missenyi District in Tanzania. The study was guided by Liberal Feminism Theory. The qualitative approach was used to help the participants explore their attitudes, behaviours, and understanding of the women's land rights campaigns. This approach enables a comprehensive assessment of the campaigns' effectiveness, their response within rural communities, and the factors influencing their implementation. The data for this study were gathered through semi-structured interview schedules, focus group discussions and observation schedules. The researcher analysed data through the thematic analysis procedure. The study involved fifty-three participants. These included; rural men, rural women, and religious and local government leaders. The findings indicate that campaigns have raised awareness of women's land rights. This is due to seminars, workshops, village and ward meetings, social cognition, and the enforcement of laws. Ultimately, the findings aim to inform more effective strategies for promoting rural women's land rights campaign and achieving gender equitable access to land resources in Missenyi District, Tanzania and similar contexts. Moreover, the study highlights the importance of sustained efforts in capacity-building, legal reform, and community engagement to ensure lasting improvements in rural women's access to land. The study recommends that more efforts through various campaigns are needed to raise awareness about land rights. Also, community members, especially women, still need more education and training to reduce their ignorance of women's land rights and dispel misconceptions about women's land access.
Evaluation of STEM students' critical thinking in terms of cognitive style through problem-based distance learning
Authors: Lubna  , Suhirman  , Prayogi Saiful
Published: September 2023

The advent of digital technology has brought about a transformation in the field of education, from traditional face-to-face learning to distance learning. Despite this shift, it is important to prioritize the development of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) students' critical thinking (CT) abilities as an essential skill for success in the 21st century. The objective of this study is to assess the critical thinking (CT) skills of students in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) by considering their cognitive styles, namely field-independent and field-dependent, through the implementation of Problem-Based Distance Learning (PBDL). The research follows an evaluative and experimental approach based on the Kirkpatrick four-level model, which was conducted at one of the universities providing STEM education in eastern Indonesia. To evaluate different components of learning, cognitive style, and critical thinking (CT), a wide range of tools with tested psychometric features (validity and reliability) were used. A comprehensive examination using both descriptive and statistical analyses was undertaken to evaluate the outcomes. The results of this study indicate that Problem-Based Distance Learning (PBDL) is a successful approach in enhancing the Critical Thinking (CT) skills of STEM students, irrespective of their cognitive types. The paper provides a detailed discussion of the thorough examination of input, process, output, and outcome factors. This study is very valuable and will contribute to a lot of literature, especially related to the development of distance pedagogy in STEM learning.
The Lower Ishim Basin in the Sociocultural Space of the Trans-Ural Neolithic (based on data from the Mergen archaeological microregion)
Authors: Enshin D.N. , Skochina S.N.
Published: September 2023

The Neolithic period in the Lower Ishim Basin (Western Siberia) is represented by several cultures and pottery groups (Boborykino, Koshkino, the group of the cordoned ware, Kozlovo, Mahanjar, comb ceramics with the features of the Sosnovoostrovskaya Culture, Kokuy, and Ekaterininsk). The reference territory for the study of the period comprises the north-eastern shore of Lake Mergen. Basen on the study of the settlements of Mergen 3, 5, 6, 7, and 8 the vectors and nature of the relations between the Lower Ishim Basin population and that of the adjoining territories have been identified. The aim was set by the need for tracking their dynamics in retrospective — from Neolithisation of the region to the final stage of the period, and in the context of the extant V.S. Mosin’s hypothesis of the sociocultural space of the Trans-Urals. As the basic markers of these processes, the following have been considered: raw material preferences within the lithic industries; morphological, ornamental, and technological specifics of the featured ceramic complexes; and specifics of economic adaptation. The data analysis has revealed that in the early and middle Neolithic (7th — mid to the third quarter of the 5th mil. BC) the dominant direction of contacts was south-south-western, western, and, proba-bly, north-western (the Upper Ishim River and the Turgay Depression, the Tobol-Iset and Upper Miass River regions, the Lower Tobol River Basin, left bank of the Irtysh River, and, probably, the Konda lowland). The population of the Ishim River valley during this period constituted an integral part of the sociocultural space of the Trans-Urals. At the end of the Neolithic (the third quarter of the 5th — first quarter of the 4th mil. BC), the principal vector of the relations of the population of the Lower Ishim Basin shifts to the east, which resulted in the formation of the syncretic Kokuy complexes (on the basis of the Artyn Culture of the right-bank Irtysh Basin and Baraba and in the penetration into the river valley of the bearers of the comb-pit (Ekaterininsk) tradition of the Middle Irtysh River Basin.
On the status and selectivity of the infant burials of the Yamnaya Archaeological Culture of the Southern Urals (based on the excavation materials of the burial mound No. 1 of the Boldyrevo-4 group)
Authors: Morgunova N.L. , Faizullin A.A. , Mustafin H.H. , Alborova I.E. , Kiseleva D.V. , Chechetkina O.Yu. , Mednikova M.B.
Published: September 2023

Bioarchaeology is an important field of interdisciplinary research based upon the contextual study of anthro-pological materials. In particular, bioarchaeology of childhood appears to be the most specialised area of re-search, addressing quality of life and social patterns of ancient groups. In this paper, we continue the study of the infant remains from the burial mound No. 1 of the Boldyrevo-4 burial ground — one of the elite and largest burial mounds of the Yamnaya (Pit Grave) Culture in the northern part of the Volga-Urals. It was located on the left bank of the Irtek River, a tributary of the Ural, and had a diameter of 62 m and a reconstructed height of 8 m. The earli-est horizon was represented by mounds Nos. 1 and 2 with close parameters. They contained one burial each (burials Nos. 3 and 4, respectively), located in the centers of the mound platforms, which belonged to children. Based on the results of our preliminary study, the child from burial No. 3 died of metastatic cancer (the most probable diagnosis is lymphocytic leukaemia). Burial No. 4 contained remains of two children. Child No. 1 from burial No. 4, represented only by the cranium, had possibly suffered from scurvy. Here we publish the results of the analysis of ancient DNA aimed at identifying the sex of the interred, as well as the results of the Sr isotope analysis, which allows determination of their ‘local’ or ‘distant’ origin. The quality of the ancient DNA was evaluated by targeted sequencing carried out using a specially designed panel of probes that allowed the selection of target sections of the genome for subsequent enrichment using the method of hybridisation, followed by the target NGS. The genetic data confirm that all three individuals belonged to the female sex. On the basis of Sr isotope ratios, the girls from burials Nos. 3 and 4 (No. 2) were born in the territories with different geochemical signals. Unfortunately, for the child No. 1 from burial No. 4 such observations could not be obtained. The biological age (around 6 years old), female sex attributes, and the presence of serious health conditions allows one to pose the question on the selective nature of the children burials in this mound of the Yamnaya Culture. Moreover, they could have received a special hereditary social status, which influenced the further erection of the burial mound for members of the elite.
The population of the middle course of the Ural River in the Early Iron Age (by the data from the Industrialnaya Zona cemetery)
Authors: Kitov Ye.P.
Published: September 2023

Presented in the publication are the craniological data on a series of early nomads of the Sarmatian type from the Industrialnaya Zona (Poyma) cemetery in the territory of Terekti District of Western Kazakhstan Oblast. Age and sex determinations were given for 61 burials of the Early Iron Age and five of the Bronze Age. The cra-niological series is represented by 32 crania, of which 20 are male and 12 are female. They are characterized by similar morphological features characteristic of the population of the Ural River Basin. As of today, this series is one of the largest, and it dates to a rather narrow chronological period of the 4th–3rd cс. BC. The ‘Sauromato-Sarmatian’ population across the whole territory of its settlement demonstrates biological unity, which is also con-firmed by the palaeogenetic data. It is likely that the Volga-Ural and Cisaral regions constituted the hearth of the racial genesis, which is associated with the origin of the early nomads of the arid zones from the Urals to Ancient Khwarazm and from the Turgay to the Lower Don regions and the formation of the specific craniological complex, with large latitudinal characteristics of the cranium and facial region. The angles of the horizontal profiling feature significant flattening at the upper level, while at the lower level it is at the borderline between the Caucasoid and Mongoloid types with the nasal bones protruding prominently in profile. Also presented in the publication is the graphic reconstruction of the face from the cranium from burial No. 3, mound No. 10. The features presented in the physical appearance of the reconstruction reflect what the ancient nomads of the Ural River Basin looked like. The comparison of the craniological characteristics of the Industrialnaya Zone cemetery against a broad back-ground of the comparative materials, generalised from the cultures of the Early Iron Age, showed that the cranio-logical features of the group do not differ from the surrounding population with similar cultural characteristics of the Volga-Ural region, Western Kazakhstan, and the Lower Don region at the end of the 6th — 3rd c. BC.
Russia Germans in the Turkestan Governorate-General: resettlement and economic activity (the last third of the 19th — beginning of the 20th century)
Authors: Erokhina O.V. , Shaidurov V.N.
Published: September 2023

The paper is concerned with the history of the resettlement of Germans to the Turkestan Governorate-General in the last third of the 19th — beginning of the 20th c. This territory was actively developing after the ac-cession to the Russian Empire. This process was joined also by German settlers from the Ekaterinoslav, Taurida, Samara, and Saratov governorates. Some of them sought to acquire land, as they suffered from the land scarcity or even its total lack in the ‘mother colonies’. Others wanted to obtain easement in the military service for religious reasons. The aim of the research is the analysis of the economic activity of the Germans and their adaptation to the new natural-climatic and agricultural conditions. The paper is based on various sources: publications of the 19th — early 20th century, reports of the officials, and archival materials. Methodologically, the authors draw upon the theory of modernisation and consider the resettlement process through the prism of the Central Asian model of frontier modernisation at the turn of the 19th — 20th century. This enabled us to reconsider the topic, which is partially covered in Russian and foreign historiography. It has been found that there were two waves of resettle-ment to the Central Asian region. The first one is related to the acquisition by the German colonists of the status of resettlers-proprietors in 1871 and to the military reform conducted in 1874. The second reason is related to the famine that affected the European part of the country. The Germans could get land plots in this region in several ways: from the authorities, or by buying or taking them on lease from the local population. The Germans managed the land reserves at their own discretion, distributing them for domestic purposes amongst the members of the settlements or keeping them for the community. First years were difficult for the Germans because of the lack of funding and knowledge of farming conditions. However, following the financial assistance from the authorities and familiarisation with the area, they managed to decide on the management model. Cereal crops and potatoes were grown on the land suitable for agriculture. In other areas, they started breeding improved livestock of cows and horses. Agricultural products and animals were in high demand at the local markets. Moreover, the local popula-tion adopted many agricultural improvements from the Germans. The economic and natural-geographical surveys of this region conducted by the authorities demonstrated that the German settlers by the beginning of the 20th cen-tury managed to set up prosperous farming units. Their products won numerous awards at agricultural exhibitions.
Modern Pamir house and calendar and astronomical views of the Pamiris
Authors: Antonova N.A. , Dubova N.A. , Navruzbekov M.N. , Nickiforov M.G.
Published: September 2023

This paper presents the evolution of the Pamir house over the past 100 years since the explorations of the Russian ethnographer Mikhail S. Andreev took place. Despite the availability of the studies of the 1920s–1950s on the Tajik traditional dwelling (Pisarchik, 1958a; Voronina, 1951, 1975; review studies: Mamadnazarov, 1978; Muradov, 2021), the classical Andreev’s work (1958), conducted in the valley of the Khuf River (Pamir), remains topical. The Gorno-Badakhshan variant of the house construction (Pamir and Pamir region), distinguished on the basis of its ingenuity, stands apart amongst the other four geographical types. The paper concerns the comparison of the main elements of the contemporary dwelling of the population of the Western Pamir with the traditional ones. A special attention is given to the calendar and astronomical matters that relate the design of the Pamiri house to timekeeping. Our research is based upon the results of the study of 26 residential houses in the village of Midensharv (located 20 km southeast of Khorog in Roshtkala District of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Okrug) and several buildings in the villages of Parzudzh, Barodzh, and Tusen. Most of the houses were built in the 1960s–1980s. Modern Pamiris know the places in the house where the sunbeam falls on one or another special day, but in modern buildings there are no marks for the days of Nowruz, and summer and winter chillas, which were reported by Andreev. The methods of mathematical modeling show that in some cases the informants are accurate with the dates, but sometimes they confuse the holidays. Over the last hundred years, the Pamir house has undergone certain changes associated with the natural development. The changes of the traditional society, the beginning of which was noted by M. Andreev, have led to the widespread use of the Gregorian calendar, whilst the functions of individual timekeeping have lost their value. Nowadays, amongst local residents few people would remember the timekeeping by the human body ‘mard’, whilst the modern Pamir house has not preserved the marks of certain days of the year that were present earlier. Nevertheless, it can be argued that the Pamir inhabitants have retained quite a lot of knowledge and traditions. Although there are already no signs in the modern Pamir house, people continue to navigate in time using sunlight marks, which give an accuracy of about 20 minutes, which is enough for a rural lifestyle. All new houses are built according to the Pamir canon, and not by the projects of modern designers.
Leisure practices of geological explorers of Western Siberia based on the narratives of pio-neers (1950s–1960s)
Authors: Rashevsky V.V.
Published: September 2023

In this paper, the main leisure activities of the geologists, identified by the author on the basis of collected inter-views with those involved at the initial stage of geological explorations in Tyumen Oblast during the 1950s–1960s, are presented. The organisation of the leisure activities, as well as the complex development of the social and do-mestic sphere amongst the geological prospectors, in one of the perspective regions in terms of the availability of hydrocarbons, was not amongst the priorities of the state at the dawn of the oil exploration and was a prerogative of the geological community. The trade unions of geologists, who were overseeing social matters, including leisure activities, due to low funding and a lack of adequate personnel and material-and-technical potential did not always successfully cope with the tasks set. The leveling of the shortcomings in this development was imposed on the initia-tive of the oil prospectors themselves, who were interested in improving conditions of their stay at the work sites. It is noted that the initiatives of the geologists expanded the possibilities of organized forms of leisure activities both at stationary places of residence and ’in the field’. The variability of leisure activities at the locations of geological par-ties, including residential places, was significantly higher than in the places of work ― ‘in the field’. However, even in conditions of remoteness from the centres of ‘culture’, oil prospectors carried out improvement of the quality and diversity of their leisure time on their own. The demand for and variability of the leisure practices were taking place in line with the ‘concept of culture’, depended on the degree of qualification and level of education of the specialists, personal development and attitude of the employees, and their environment. The implementation of leisure practices was necessitated by the need for compensating limited opportunities of the socio-cultural environment against the background of the dominance of the strenuous daily work, as well as the confrontation in the archaisation of the daily routine due to the prevalence of the deviant forms of behaviour. Many changes emanating from the oil prospectors and taking place in the socio-cultural sphere later took root and became an asset of the local population. The initia-tive of the geologists made it possible to expand and diversify leisure practices under the lack of opportunities and financial support of the social sphere, which facilitated positive changes in the daily life of the geologists themselves and population of the places where the oil prospectors were staying.
A Bayesian Approach to Examine the Feasibility of Integrating Machine Learning to Recognize Households’ Eligibility in a Basic Income System
Authors: Khalili Hamed
Published: September 2023

Appeals to governments for implementing basic income systems are contemporary. The theoretical background of the basic income notion, only prescribes transferring equal amounts to individuals irrespective of their socioeconomic attributes. However, the most recent basic income initiatives all around the world are attached to certain attributes of the households to become the eligible receivers. Iran is known as the first country in the world to provide a de facto based on the definition basic income to all its citizens irrespective of their socioeconomic attributes. Since the recent years and in the face of budget constraints, the Iranian government has been attempting to consider a set of rules with regard to the welfare attributes of the receiver households to become eligible. This approach is facing significant challenges with regard to appropriate classification of the relative vulnerable from the relative wealthier groups. Can integrating machine learning contribute to reliable recognition of households’ eligibility? In this paper, we analyze this question by utilizing the official welfare statistics of one and a half million Iranian citizens and a Bayesian network approach. Our analysis provides insight into whether machine learning will forward the future of the original basic income notion towards an intelligible direction.
Measurement of Road Transport Emissions. Case study: Centinela-La Rumorosa Road, Baja California, México
Authors: Calderon-Ramirez Julio , Gutiérrez-Moreno José M. , Montoya-Alcaraz Marco , Casillas Angel
Published: September 2023

Air pollution is a global issue, and the transportation sector is recognized as the third-largest contributor to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Vehicles emit a range of chemical compounds as a direct result of the combustion process. The nature and quantity of these emissions depend on the vehicle's characteristics, road, and local weather conditions. As a result, these emissions require special attention due to the adverse effects contributing to global warming and significantly impacting human health. In this regard, diagnosing and monitoring air quality is crucial for understanding the nature and quantity of emissions generated by various sources. However, in developing countries, the necessary inputs, and data for conducting such analyses are not always available. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to estimate emissions specifically generated from road operations. To achieve this, HDM-4 calculation tool is utilized to quantitatively estimate these emissions. This tool was applied in Baja California, Mexico, on the Centinela-La Rumorosa highway. The results obtained show that annually, 372.5 tons of pollutant emissions are generated, composed of HC, CO, CO2, NOx, Par, SO2, and PB, covering a mere 128 kilometers of length within a state road network spanning 11,429 kilometers. This highlights the necessity of implementing strategies to reduce emissions or the environmental impact generated by vehicular operations on roads in developing countries.
Predictive Modeling of Co2 Methanation Reaction for Carbon Capture
Authors: Okur Osman
Published: September 2023

Among various processes, catalytic CO2 methanation has emerged as a promising method for carbon capture and utilization. Therefore, a CO2 methanation reaction studied with experimentally. The extent of coke formation on the catalyst after the reaction was quantitatively studied. Then, four different machine learning model were employed in order to model CO2 methanation process and to predict CO2, CO, CH4, H2 and N2 concentrations at outlet. The results of the machine learning models were consistent with the experimental data. Performances of the proposed regression methods are evaluated with 10-fold cross validation. Random forest and decision tree regression performed the best among other methods by achieving R >0.98 for the output concentrations and were able to outperform other modeling approaches. It was shown that the best result among the literature studies is reached in this study. The results have demonstrated the possibility of simulation of the methanation process via machine learning techniques. These techniques can be used control and optimization of carbon capture.