bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gait Generation and Stabilization for Nearly Passive Dynamic Walking Using Auto‐distributed Impulses
Authors: Moon Jae‐Sung , Stipanović Dušan M. , Spong Mark W.
Published: August 2015

We propose a state feedback control design via linearization for flexible walking on flat ground. First, we generate nearly passive limit cycles, being stable or not, using impulsive toe‐off actuations. The term ‘nearly passive’ means that the dynamics is completely passive almost everywhere except at the toe‐off moment. A feature of our gait generation method is that walking gaits are characterized only by amounts of supplied energy, and we observe that other variables, including input torques, are auto‐balanced via our method. After gait generation, we design a feedback controller considering robustness and input saturation. As a result, each limit cycle can be matched with its respective controller classified only by energy levels. We have verified that walking speeds monotonically increase by adding more energy, and the ankle joint plays a significant role in compass‐gait walking. Finally, instead of applying impulsive torques, we discuss a practical issue regarding realistic control inputs that ensure stable gait transitions as energy levels are elevated.
Instandsetzung einer Fußgängerbrücke im Zuge der SÜDEUROPA‐PIPELINE zur Erhöhung der Erdbebensicherheit
Authors: Chanonier Christophe , Raulet Christophe , Martin François , Carde Christophe , Resplendino Jacques
Published: August 2015

Als Teil der Wiederinbetriebnahme der PL1‐Pipeline, die Raffinerien und petrochemische Standorte auf der Achse Fos‐Lyon‐Karlsruhe versorgt, wurden im Rahmen des sog. DIADES‐Projekts Untersuchungen im Zusammenhang mit der Verstärkung, Instandsetzung sowie der Erdbebensicherheit einer Fußgängerbrücke durchgeführt, die die Überquerung der Flussaue der Durance ermöglicht. Die Brücke liegt südlich von Avignon und besteht aus acht vorgespannten Abschnitten mit einer Gesamtlänge von etwa 300 Metern. Das Hauptziel des Projekts war die Neubewertung der Erdbebengefahr unter besonderer Berücksichtigung neuerer französischer Vorschriften sowie die entsprechende Ertüchtigung des Bauwerks. Hierzu wurde eine neuartige Kopplung entwickelt, mithilfe derer die Instandsetzung durchgeführt werden konnte. Der vorliegende Beitrag fasst die erfolgreiche Umsetzung der Maßnahme zusammen.

Southern Europe Pipeline: new life of a 1960s pipeline

As part of the re‐commissioning of the PL1 pipeline that supplies refineries and petrochemical sites on the Fos‐Lyon‐Karlsruhe axis, DIADES project managed, on behalf of SPSE, the studies into and the works relating to the reinforcement /rehabilitation and seismic compliance of a footbridge permitting the aerial crossing of the floodplain of the Durance. This study is based on the structural diagnosis performed by the laboratory of the LERM.

This bridge, located south of Avignon, is a structure of eight prestressed isostatic spans with a total length of about 300 m.

The main objectives of this project included its capacity to respect seismic compliance, taking into account the re‐evaluation of seismic hazard in France. This work was carried out through a fully removable additional prestressed coupling to ensure the heavy maintenance of the pipeline.

Using an original example of design and execution to make it possible to sustain the structure during the seismic compliance works, this presentation shows the value of the additional prestressing in the rehabilitation of existing structures, by emphasizing the importance of the diagnosis phase, focusing on the existing prestressing. It emphasizes the reliability of the various assumptions which are helpful for reinforcement dimensioning; these assumptions are based on the results of the pathological analysis of the structure including various structural investigations and inspections.
Anwendung von kathodischen Korrosionsschutzmaßnahmen bei 30 Spannbetonbrücken in den Niederlanden
Authors: van den Hondel Hans , Klamer Ernst L. , Gulikers Joost , Polder Rob B.
Published: August 2015

Die oberste niederländische Straßen‐ und Wasserbaubehörde (Rijkswaterstaat) hat im Hinblick auf die langfristige Instandhaltung ihrer Infrastruktureinrichtungen über 1500 Endverankerungsbereiche von Spannbetonbrückenträgern instandgesetzt und einer kathodischen Korrosionsschutzbehandlung (KKS) unterzogen. Die Endbereiche wiesen mäßige bis starke Schäden durch Bewehrungskorrosion auf. Verursacht wurde die Korrosion durch Chloride, die über undichte Fugen eingedrungen waren. Durch den kathodischen Korrosionsschutz konnte der fortschreitende Korrosionsprozess unterbunden werden. Damit wurde das Risiko einer weiteren Zustandsverschlechterung der Spannbetonträger und eines möglichen Bruchs der Spannglieder auf ein Mindestmaß reduziert. Letztlich konnte die Nutzungsdauer von 30 betrachteten Brücken um mehr als 20 Jahre verlängert werden. Der vorliegende Beitrag skizziert die gewählte Herangehensweise.

Application of cathodic protection on 30 concrete bridges with pre‐stressing steel: remaining service life extended with more than 20 years

In view of long term maintenance of its infrastructure facilities the Dutch Highway Administration (Rijkswaterstaat) has repaired over 1.500 heads of prestressed beams and provided them with cathodic protection (CP). The heads of these beams showed moderate to severe damage due to reinforcement corrosion caused by the penetration of chlorides from leaking joints, which required adequate intervention on the short term. By means of cathodic protection the corrosion process has been halted, so that the risk of further degradation of the beams and possible failure of the pre‐stressing steel tendons has been minimized. In addition, the concrete repairs in the chloride contaminated parts of the beams will be durable.
Multicentre study of robotic intersphincteric resection for low rectal cancer
Authors:   Korean Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery Study Group, Park J S , Kim N K , Kim S H , Lee K Y , Lee K Y , Shin J Y , Kim C N , Choi G-S
Published: August 2015

Background

There is a lack of information regarding the oncological safety of robotic intersphincteric resection (ISR) with coloanal anastomosis. The objective of this study was to compare the long-term feasibility of robotic compared with laparoscopic ISR.

Methods

Between January 2008 and May 2011, consecutive patients who underwent robotic or laparoscopic ISR with coloanal anastomosis from seven institutions were included. Propensity score analyses were performed to compare outcomes for groups in a 1 : 1 case-matched cohort. The primary endpoint was 3-year disease-free survival.

Results

A total of 334 patients underwent ISR with coloanal anastomosis, of whom 212 matched patients (106 in each group) formed the cohort for analysis. The overall rate of conversion to open surgery was 0·9 per cent in the robotic ISR group and 1·9 per cent in the laparoscopic ISR group. Nine patients (8·5 per cent) in the laparoscopic group and three (2·8 per cent) in the robotic ISR group still had a stoma at last follow-up (P = 0·075). Total mean hospital costs were significantly higher for robotic ISR (€12 757 versus €9223 for laparoscopic ISR; P = 0·037). Overall 3-year local recurrence rates were similar in the two groups (6·7 per cent for robotic and 5·7 per cent for laparoscopic resection; P = 0·935). The combined 3-year disease-free survival rates were 89·6 (95 per cent c.i. 84·1 to 95·9) and 90·5 (85·4 to 96·6) per cent respectively (P = 0·298).

Conclusion

Robotic ISR with coloanal anastomosis for rectal cancer has reasonable oncological outcomes, but is currently too expensive with no short-term advantages.
Correlation of Rates of Solvolysis of Diphenylacetyl Chloride Using Extended Grunwald–Winstein Equation
Authors: Koh Han Joong , Kang Suk Jin
Published: August 2015

Rate constants for solvolysis involving the displacement of chloride from the carbonyl carbon of diphenylacetyl chloride ((C6H5)2CHCOCl, 1) in ethanol, methanol, aqueous binary mixtures incorporating ethanol, methanol, acetone, 2,2,2‐trifluoroethanol (TFE), and 1,1,1,3,3,3‐hexafluoro‐2‐propanol, and binary mixtures of TFE with ethanol are reported. The kinetic data obtained from the reactions in 34 different solvents and solvent mixtures gave an extended Grunwald–Winstein correlation with the l value of 0.76 ± 0.06, the m value of 0.34 ± 0.04, and the correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.932. The appreciable values for both l and m suggest that the bond formation is ahead of the bond breaking with an SN2 mechanism, and the l/m ratio of 2.2 is also in the range of values found for SN2 reaction. This interpretation is further supported by the activation parameters, i.e., relatively small positive ΔH≠ (7.7–16.3 kcal/mol) values and large negative ΔS≠ (−24.6 to −53.4 cal/mol/K) values, and the solvent kinetic isotope effect (1.62).
Pharmacokinetics of tecomin in rats after intragastric and intravenous administration
Authors: Guo Lina , Peng Yushuai , Zhao Can , Yang Xin , Liu Lijia , Wang Rufeng
Published: August 2015

The pharmacokinetics of tecomin, which is a potential bioactive compound from the flowers of Trollius chinensis, was studied. The results showed that this compound was easily absorbed and rapidly metabolized into veratric acid in vivo, and then the latter was eliminated slowly. In addition, the simulant in vitro gastrointestinal transformation experiments demonstrated that the basic enteral environment and intestinal bacterial flora also contributed to the metabolism of tecomin to veratric acid. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Qualification and application of a liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometric method for the determination of trastuzumab in rat plasma
Authors: Park Min‐Ho , Lee Min‐Woo , Shin Young G.
Published: August 2015

An liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight (QqTOF) mass spectrometric method was developed for the determination of humanized or human monoclonal antibodies in rat plasma at the early drug discovery stage. Trastuzumab was used as a model monoclonal antibody. The method consisted of immunoprecipitation followed by tryptic digestion for sample preparation and LC‐TOF‐MS/MS analysis of specific signature peptides in the positive ion mode using electrospray ionization for analysis. A stable isotope‐labeled signature peptide was also used as internal standard. A quadratic regression (weighted 1/concentration2), with an equation y = ax2 + bx + c, was used to fit calibration curves over the concentration range of 0.500–100 µg/mL for trastuzumab. Samples from a pharmacokinetic study in rat were analyzed by this qualified LC‐TOF‐MS/MS method and concentrations were compared with those generated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays method. The LC‐TOF‐MS/MS method was accurate and precise, with quantitative results comparable with those of ELISA. The qualification run met the acceptance criteria of ±25% accuracy and precision values for quality control samples. Within‐run accuracy ranged from 1.53 to 9.20% with precision values ≤10.29%. This LC‐TOF‐MS/MS method approach could be used as a complementary method for humanized or human monoclonal antibodies at the early drug discovery stage. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vanadium‐Substituted Tungstophosphoric Acids as Efficient Catalysts for Visible‐Light‐Driven Oxygenation of Cyclohexane by Dioxygen
Authors: Tang Senpei , Wu Wenfeng , Fu Zaihui , Zou Shuai , Liu Yachun , Zhao Haihong , Kirk Steven Robert , Yin Dulin
Published: August 2015

This paper discloses that the oxygenation of cyclohexane by dioxygen (O2) to cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone over three vanadium‐substituted tungstophosphoric acids (PW11V1, PW10V2, PW9V3) can occur in MeCN under visible‐light irradiation, but provides very low cyclohexane conversion (0.8–2.4 %) with modest cyclohexanone selectivity (51–58.3 %). Importantly, an HCl aqueous solution was found to drastically promote this photooxygenation catalyzed by PW10V2 and especially PW9V3 acids, respectively providing approximately 20.4 and 23.4 % cyclohexane conversion and approximately 82.5 and 87.1 % cyclohexanone selectivity, with a concomitant formation of a small amount of chlorocyclohexane. However, such promoting effect was negligible in the PW11V1‐ photocatalyzed oxygenation and the other acids and the chlorine‐containing salts did not show any promotion effect on the present photocatalysis reaction. Notably, the HCl‐promoted photocatalytic oxygenation was significantly influenced by the amount of water. The cyclohexanone selectivity continuously and significantly increased with water amount, but photooxygenation efficiency drastically decreased if a slight excess amount of water was added. Based on these findings and the UV/Vis spectral and cyclic voltammetric measurements, a free‐radical mechanism initiated by the Cl atoms generated in the present photocatalysis system was proposed.
A Practical and Fast Method To Predict the Thermodynamic Preference of ω‐Transaminase‐Based Transformations
Authors: Meier Robert J. , Gundersen Maria T. , Woodley John M. , Schürmann Martin
Published: August 2015

A simple, easy‐to‐use, and fast approach method is proposed and validated that can predict whether a transaminase reaction is thermodynamically unfavourable. This allowed us to deselect, in the present case, at least 50% of the reactions because they were thermodynamically unfavourable as confirmed by experiment. Once a larger data base is established, in silico screening of several new reactions (new target molecules) can easily be performed each day.
Enhanced CO Oxidation on the Oxide/Metal Interface: From Ultra‐High Vacuum to Near‐Atmospheric Pressures
Authors: Pan Qiushi , Weng Xuefei , Chen Mingshu , Giordano Livia , Pacchioni Gianfranco , Noguera Claudine , Goniakowski Jacek , Shaikhutdinov Shamil , Freund Hans‐Joachim
Published: August 2015

We studied CO oxidation on FeO(1 1 1) films on Pt(1 1 1) at submonolayer oxide coverages at ultrahigh vacuum and near‐atmospheric pressure conditions. The FeO(1 1 1) bilayer islands are inert towards CO2 formation. In contrast, the FeO2−x trilayer structure shows substantial CO2 production that reaches a maximum at ≈40 % coverage at both pressure conditions. The results provide compelling evidence that the FeO2−x/Pt(1 1 1) interface is the most active in CO oxidation. Although FeO2−x boundaries possesses weakly bound oxygen species, strong binding of CO to Pt favors the reaction at the FeO2−x/Pt interface as compared to the FeO2−x/FeO one, thus giving a rationale to the reactivity enhancement observed in systems exposing metal/oxide boundaries. In addition, oxygen diffusion from the interior of an FeO2−x island to the active edge sites may be effective for the oxygen replenishment in the CO oxidation catalytic cycle.
High‐dimensional QSAR prediction of anticancer potency of imidazo[4,5‐b]pyridine derivatives using adjusted adaptive LASSO
Authors: Algamal Zakariya Yahya , Lee Muhammad Hisyam , Al‐Fakih Abdo M. , Aziz Madzlan
Published: August 2015

In high‐dimensional quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) studies, identifying relevant molecular descriptors is a major goal. In this study, a proposed penalized method is used as a tool for molecular descriptors selection. The method, called adjusted adaptive least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) (AALASSO), is employed to study the high‐dimensional QSAR prediction of the anticancer potency of a series of imidazo[4,5‐b]pyridine derivatives. This proposed penalized method can perform consistency selection and deal with grouping effects simultaneously. Compared with other commonly used penalized methods, such as LASSO and adaptive LASSO with different initial weights, the results show that AALASSO obtains the best predictive ability not only by consistency selection but also by encouraging grouping effects in selecting more correlated molecular descriptors. Hence, we conclude that AALASSO is a reliable penalized method in the field of high‐dimensional QSAR studies. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biomolecular DNP‐Supported NMR Spectroscopy using Site‐Directed Spin Labeling
Authors: van der Cruijsen Elwin A. W. , Koers Eline J. , Sauvée Claire , Hulse Raymond E. , Weingarth Markus , Ouari Olivier , Perozo Eduardo , Tordo Paul , Baldus Marc
Published: August 2015

Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) has been shown to greatly enhance spectroscopic sensitivity, creating novel opportunities for NMR studies on complex and large molecular assemblies in life and material sciences. In such applications, however, site‐specificity and spectroscopic resolution become critical factors that are usually difficult to control by current DNP‐based approaches. We have examined in detail the effect of directly attaching mono‐ or biradicals to induce local paramagnetic relaxation effects and, at the same time, to produce sizable DNP enhancements. Using a membrane‐embedded ion channel as an example, we varied the degree of paramagnetic labeling and the location of the DNP probes. Our results show that the creation of local spin clusters can generate sizable DNP enhancements while preserving the intrinsic benefits of paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (PRE)‐based NMR approaches. DNP using chemical labeling may hence provide an attractive route to introduce molecular specificity into DNP studies in life science applications and beyond.
Metal‐Borohydride‐Modified Zr(BH4)4⋅8 NH3: Low‐Temperature Dehydrogenation Yielding Highly Pure Hydrogen
Authors: Huang Jianmei , Ouyang Liuzhang , Gu Qinfen , Yu Xuebin , Zhu Min
Published: August 2015

Due to its high hydrogen density (14.8 wt %) and low dehydrogenation peak temperature (130 °C), Zr(BH4)4⋅8 NH3 is considered to be one of the most promising hydrogen‐storage materials. To further decrease its dehydrogenation temperature and suppress its ammonia release, a strategy of introducing LiBH4 and Mg(BH4)2 was applied to this system. Zr(BH4)4⋅8 NH3–4 LiBH4 and Zr(BH4)4⋅8 NH3–2 Mg(BH4)2 composites showed main dehydrogenation peaks centered at 81 and 106 °C as well as high hydrogen purities of 99.3 and 99.8 mol % H2, respectively. Isothermal measurements showed that 6.6 wt % (within 60 min) and 5.5 wt % (within 360 min) of hydrogen were released at 100 °C from Zr(BH4)4⋅8 NH3–4 LiBH4 and Zr(BH4)4⋅8 NH3–2 Mg(BH4)2, respectively. The lower dehydrogenation temperatures and improved hydrogen purities could be attributed to the formation of the diammoniate of diborane for Zr(BH4)4⋅8 NH3–4 LiBH4, and the partial transfer of NH3 groups from Zr(BH4)4⋅8 NH3 to Mg(BH4)2 for Zr(BH4)4⋅8 NH3–2 Mg(BH4)2, which result in balanced numbers of BH4 and NH3 groups and a more active Hδ+⋅⋅⋅−δH interaction. These advanced dehydrogenation properties make these two composites promising candidates as hydrogen‐storage materials.
Photodissociation Dynamics of Cyclopropenylidene, c‐C3H2
Authors: Schuurman Michael S. , Giegerich Jens , Pachner Kai , Lang Daniel , Kiendl Benjamin , MacDonell Ryan J. , Krueger Anke , Fischer Ingo
Published: August 2015

In this joint experimental and theoretical study we characterize the complete dynamical “life cycle” associated with the photoexcitation of the singlet carbene cyclopropenylidene to the lowest lying optically bright excited electronic state: from the initial creation of an excited‐state wavepacket to the ultimate fragmentation of the molecule on the vibrationally hot ground electronic state. Cyclopropenylidene is prepared in this work using an improved synthetic pathway for the preparation of the precursor quadricyclane, thereby greatly simplifying the assignment of the molecular origin of the measured photofragments. The excitation process and subsequent non‐adiabatic dynamics have been previously investigated employing time‐resolved photoelectron spectroscopy and are now complemented with high‐level ab initio trajectory simulations that elucidate the specific vibronic relaxation pathways. Lastly, the fragmentation channels accessed by the molecule following internal conversion are probed using velocity map imaging (VMI) so that the identity of the fragmentation products and their corresponding energy distributions can be definitively assigned.
An Unconventional Approach to Induce Liquid‐Crystalline Phases of Triazine‐Based Dendrons by Breaking Their Self‐Assembly into Dimers
Authors: Lai Long‐Li , Hsieh Jei‐Way , Chang Yung‐Hao , Kuo Ming‐Yu , Cheng Kung‐Lung , Liu Shih‐Hsien , Lee Jey‐Jau , Hsu Hsiu‐Fu
Published: August 2015

Three triazine‐based dendrons (1 a–c) were successfully prepared in 70–83 % yields. These newly prepared dendrons are found to be liquid crystalline (LC). Computational investigations on molecular conformations and dipoles of triazine‐based dendrons reveal that the substituent on the central triazine unit interrupts strong dipole or H‐bond interactions to avoid dimeric formation. The obtained dendrons, not favouring self‐assembly into dimers but showing LC behaviours, provides evidence for an approach contrary to the conventional method of inducing LC behaviours of dendrons by dimer or trimer formation, mostly through H‐bond interactions.
Stereocontrolled Annulations of Indolo[2,3‐a]quinolizidine‐Derived Lactams with a Silylated Nazarov Reagent: Access to Allo and Epiallo Yohimbine‐Type Derivatives
Authors: Arioli Federica , Pérez Maria , Are Celeste , Estarellas Carolina , Luque F. Javier , Bosch Joan , Amat Mercedes
Published: August 2015

The facial selectivity of double Michael addition reactions of the silylated Nazarov reagent 4 to unsaturated indolo[2,3‐a]quinolizidine lactams 3 has been studied. Pentacyclic 3‐H/15‐H trans adducts 5 are generated from Nind‐unsubstituted lactams, but the corresponding cis isomers 6 are formed when the indole nitrogen has a tert‐butyloxycarbonyl (Boc) substituent. This reversal in the facial selectivity of the annulation has been rationalized by means of theoretical calculations, which indicate that the initial nucleophilic attack under stereoelectronic control is hampered by the presence of the bulky Boc group. The synthetic usefulness of the pentacyclic Nazarov‐derived adducts is demonstrated by their conversion into allo and epiallo yohimbine‐type targets.
Remarkable Structural and Electronic Features of the Complex Formed by Trimeric Copper Pyrazolate with Pentaphosphaferrocene
Authors: Filippov Oleg A. , Titov Aleksei A. , Guseva Ekaterina A. , Loginov Dmitry A. , Smol'yakov Alexander F. , Dolgushin Fedor M. , Belkova Natalia V. , Epstein Lina M. , Shubina Elena S.
Published: August 2015

According to spectroscopic (NMR, IR, UV/Vis) study, the interaction of pentaphosphaferrocene [Cp*Fe(η5‐P5)] with trimeric copper pyrazolate [(Cu{3,5‐(CF3)2Pz})3] yields a new compound that is astonishingly stable in solution. Single‐crystal X‐ray analysis reveals unprecedented structural changes in the interacting molecules and the unique type of coordination [Cp*Fe(μ3‐η5:η2,η2‐P5){Cu(3,5‐(CF3)2Pz)}3]. As a result of the 90° macrocycle folding, the copper atoms are able to behave both as a Lewis acid and as a Lewis base in the interaction with the cyclo‐P5ligand.
Mixed‐Metal Coordination Cages Constructed with Pyridyl‐Functionalized β‐Diketonate Metalloligands: Syntheses, Structures and Host–Guest Properties
Authors: Zhang Ying‐Ying , Zhang Long , Lin Yue‐Jian , Jin Guo‐Xin
Published: August 2015

The design and synthesis of mixed‐metal coordination cages, which can act as hosts to encapsule guest molecules, is a subject of intensive research, and the utilization of metalloligand is an effective method to construct a designed heterometallic architecture. Herein, a series of heterometallic cages with half‐sandwich Rh, Ir and Ru fragments using CuII‐metalloligand as a building block by a stepwise approach is reported. The cavity sizes of the cages could be controlled easily by the lengths of the organic ligands. Because the metalloligands in the oxalate‐based cage are somewhat distorted and concave, there are weak Cu⋅⋅⋅O interactions in the molecules, forming a binuclear copper unit. By increasing the height of the cages using longer ligands, 2,5‐dichloro‐3,6‐dihydroxy‐1,4‐benzoquinone (H2CA), the organometallic boxes display interesting host–guest behavior, which are made large enough to accommodate some large molecules, such as pyrene and [Pt(acac)2]. Interestingly, the heterometallic cage with larger cavity size can transfer into a homometallic hexanuclear prism in the presence of pyrazine.
Lanthanide(II) Complexes Supported by N,O‐Donor Tripodal Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, and Ligand‐Dependent Redox Behavior
Authors: Andrez Julie , Bozoklu Gülay , Nocton Grégory , Pécaut Jacques , Scopelliti Rosario , Dubois Lionel , Mazzanti Marinella
Published: August 2015

The preparation and characterization of a series of complexes of the Yb and Eu cations in the oxidation state II and III with the tetradentate N,O‐donor tripodal ligands (tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine (TPA), BPA− (HBPA=bis(2‐pyridylmethyl)(2‐hydroxybenzyl)amine), BPPA− (HBPPA=bis(2‐pyridylmethyl)(3.5‐di‐tert‐butyl‐2‐hydroxybenzyl)amine), and MPA2− (H2MPA=(2‐pyridylmethyl)bis(3.5‐di‐tert‐butyl‐2‐hydroxybenzyl)amine) is reported. The X‐ray crystal structures of the heteroleptic Ln2+ complexes [Ln(TPA)I2] (Ln=Eu, Yb) and [Yb(BPA)I(CH3CN)]2, of the Ln2+ homoleptic [Ln(TPA)2]I2 (Ln=Sm, Eu, Yb) and [Eu(BPA)2] complexes, and of the Ln3+ [Eu(BPPA)2]OTf and [Yb(MPA)2K(dme)2] (dme=dimethoxyethane) complexes have been determined. Cyclic voltammetry studies carried out on the bis‐ligand complexes of Eu3+ and Yb3+ show that the metal center reduction occurs at significantly lower potentials for the BPA− ligand as compared with the TPA ligand. This suggests that the more electron‐rich character of the BPA− ligand results in a higher reducing character of the lanthanide complexes of BPA− compared with those of TPA. The important differences in the stability and reactivity of the investigated complexes are probably due to the observed difference in redox potential. Preliminary reactivity studies show that whereas the bis‐TPA complexes of Eu2+ and Yb2+ do not show any reactivity with heteroallenes, the [Eu(BPA)2] complex reduces CS2 to afford the first example of a lanthanide trithiocarbonate complex.
Self‐Recognition Between Two Almost Identical Macroions During Their Assembly: The Effects of pH and Temperature
Authors: Haso Fadi , Li Dong , Garai Somenath , Pigga Joseph M. , Liu Tianbo
Published: August 2015

Two Keplerate‐type macroions, [MoVI72FeIII30O252‐ (CH3COO)12{Mo2O7(H2O)}2{H2Mo2O8(H2O)}(H2O)91]⋅ca. 150 H2O= {Mo72Fe30} and [{Na(H2O)12}⊂{MoVI72CrIII30O252(CH3COO)19‐ (H2O)94}]⋅ca. 120 H2O={Mo72Cr30}, with identical size and shape but different charge density, can self‐assemble into spherical “blackberry”‐like structures in aqueous solution by means of electrostatic interactions. These two macroanions can self‐recognize each other and self‐assemble into two separate types of homogeneous blackberries in their mixed dilute aqueous solution, in which they carry −7 and −5 net charges, respectively. Either adjusting the solution pH or raising temperature is expected to make the self‐recognition more difficult, by making the charge densities of the two clusters closer, or by decreasing the activation energy barrier for the blackberry formation, respectively. Amazingly, the self‐recognition behavior remains, as confirmed by dynamic and static light scattering, TEM, and energy dispersive spectroscopy techniques. The results prove that the self‐recognition behavior of the macroions due to the long‐range electrostatic interaction is universal and can be achieved when only minimum differences exist between two types of macroanions.
Metal–Organic Frameworks as a Versatile Tool To Study and Model Energy Transfer Processes
Authors: Williams Derek E. , Shustova Natalia B.
Published: August 2015

Development of materials with efficient and directional energy transfer (ET) could significantly modify the existing energy and material landscape. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are a unique tool to address the upcoming challenges related to the enhancement of ET efficiency and directional energy transport. To harness MOFs as a versatile platform, mechanistic and structural aspects governing ET efficiency should be elucidated. In this context, we review ET mechanisms and structural motifs based on the recent advances achieved in MOF chemistry and also highlight the possible practical applications that are enabled by these studies.
Reduced Graphene Oxide‐Supported TiO2 Fiber Bundles with Mesostructures as Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhen Mengmeng , Zhu Xiaohe , Zhang Xiao , Zhou Zhen , Liu Lu
Published: August 2015

Although the synthesis of mesoporous materials is well established, the preparation of TiO2 fiber bundles with mesostructures, highly crystalline walls, and good thermal stability on the RGO nanosheets remains a challenge. Herein, a low‐cost and environmentally friendly hydrothermal route for the synthesis of RGO nanosheet‐supported anatase TiO2 fiber bundles with dense mesostructures is used. These mesostructured TiO2‐RGO materials are used for investigation of Li‐ion insertion properties, which show a reversible capacity of 235 mA h g−1 at 200 mA g−1 and 150 mA h g−1 at 1000 mA g−1 after 1000 cycles. The higher specific surface area of the new mesostructures and high conductive substrate (RGO nanosheets) result in excellent lithium storage performance, high‐rate performance, and strong cycling stability of the TiO2‐RGO composites.
Competitive Gold‐Promoted Meyer–Schuster and oxy‐Cope Rearrangements of 3‐Acyloxy‐1,5‐enynes: Selective Catalysis for the Synthesis of (+)‐(S)‐γ‐Ionone and (−)‐(2S,6 R)‐cis‐γ‐Irone
Authors: Bugoni Serena , Merlini Valentina , Porta Alessio , Gaillard Sylvain , Zanoni Giuseppe , Nolan Steven P. , Vidari Giovanni
Published: August 2015

We report a simple, highly stereoselective synthesis of (+)‐(S)‐γ‐ionone and (‐)‐(2S,6R)‐cis‐γ‐irone, two characteristic and precious odorants; the latter compound is a constituent of the essential oil obtained from iris rhizomes. Of general interest in this approach are the photoisomerization of an endo trisubstituted cyclohexene double bond to an exo vinyl group and the installation of the enone side chain through a [(NHC)AuI]‐catalyzed Meyer–Schuster‐like rearrangement. This required a careful investigation of the mechanism of the gold‐catalyzed reaction and a judicious selection of reaction conditions. In fact, it was found that the Meyer–Schuster reaction may compete with the oxy‐Cope rearrangement. Gold‐based catalytic systems can promote either reaction selectively. In the present system, the mononuclear gold complex [Au(IPr)Cl], in combination with the silver salt AgSbF6 in 100:1 butan‐2‐one/H2O, proved to efficiently promote the Meyer–Schuster rearrangement of propargylic benzoates, whereas the digold catalyst [{Au(IPr)}2(μ‐OH)][BF4] in anhydrous dichloromethane selectively promoted the oxy‐Cope rearrangement of propargylic alcohols.
Organosulfide‐Catalyzed Diboration of Terminal Alkynes under Light
Authors: Yoshimura Aya , Takamachi Yuki , Han Li‐Biao , Ogawa Akiya
Published: August 2015

An efficient metal‐free diboration of terminal alkynes is reported. In the presence of a catalytic amount of organosulfides under light, the addition of bis(pinacolato)diboron (B2pin2) to terminal alkynes takes place efficiently to produce the corresponding double borylation products in good yields. Mechanistic studies indicate that this metal‐free sulfide‐catalyzed diboration of alkynes likely occurs by generation of a boryl‐centered radical with the aid of light and a sulfide, since such a radical was detected in the reaction mixture by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The present form of catalysis (sulfide/light) is thought to be unprecedented and provides a new means of preparation for organoboranes without heavy metal contamination in the products, which is highly desired in the preparation of drugs and electronic materials.
Base‐Mediated Syntheses of Di‐ and Trisubstituted Imidazoles from Amidine Hydrochlorides and Bromoacetylenes
Authors: Chen Xiao Yun , Englert Ulli , Bolm Carsten
Published: August 2015

A new transition metal‐free method for the preparation of substituted imidazoles from easy‐to‐handle amidine hydrochlorides and bromoacetylenes has been developed. The reactions proceed in air and use inexpensive K2CO3 as base. Additions of 2,2′‐bipyridine and water have beneficial effects on the product yields. Various di‐ and trisubstituted imidazoles have been prepared in good yields (up to 88 %).
A Biphasic Mercury‐Ion Sensor: Exploiting Microfluidics to Make Simple Anilines Competitive Ligands
Authors: Petzoldt Martin , Eschenbaum Carsten , Schwaebel S. Thimon , Broedner Kerstin , Lemmer Uli , Hamburger Manuel , Bunz Uwe H. F.
Published: August 2015

Combining the molecular wire effect with a biphasic sensing approach (analyte in water, sensor‐dye in 2‐methyltetrahydrofuran) and a microfluidic flow setup leads to the construction of a mercury‐sensitive module. We so instantaneously detect Hg2+ ions in water at a 500 μM concentration. The sensor, conjugated non‐water soluble polymer 1 (XFPF), merely supports dibutylaniline substituents as binding units. Yet, selective and sensitive detection of Hg2+‐ions is achieved in water. The enhancement in sensory response, when comparing the reference compound 2 to that of 1 in a biphasic system in a microfluidic chip is >103. By manipulation of the structure of 1, further powerful sensor systems should be easily achieved.
Highly Dynamic Coordination Behavior of Pn Ligand Complexes towards “Naked” Cu+ Cations
Authors: Fleischmann Martin , Welsch Stefan , Peresypkina Eugenia V. , Virovets Alexander V. , Scheer Manfred
Published: August 2015

Reactions of Cu+ containing the weakly coordinating anion [Al{OC(CF3)3}4]− with the polyphosphorus complexes [{CpMo(CO)2}2(μ,η2:η2‐P2)] (A), [CpM(CO)2(η3‐P3)] (M=Cr(B1), Mo (B2)), and [Cp*Fe(η5‐P5)] (C) are presented. The X‐ray structures of the products revealed mononuclear (4) and dinuclear (1, 2, 3) CuI complexes, as well as the one‐dimensional coordination polymer (5 a) containing an unprecedented [Cu2(C)3]2+ paddle‐wheel building block. All products are readily soluble in CH2Cl2 and exhibit fast dynamic coordination behavior in solution indicated by variable temperature 31P{1H} NMR spectroscopy.
Spatially Close Azo Dyes with Sub‐Nanosecond Switching Speeds and Exceptional Temporal Resolution
Authors: Garcia‐Amorós Jaume , Cuadrado Alba , Reig Marta , De Waele Vincent , Poizat Olivier , Velasco Dolores
Published: August 2015

Photoswitchable bis‐azo dyes with an outstanding temporal resolution of 1015 times between the thermal relaxation rates of their two constituting photochromes are reported. Remarkably, the close spatial proximity of both azo photochromes in these molecular assemblies translates in an unprecedented 103‐fold acceleration of the thermal isomerization rate of their faster azo unit compared to the one displayed by the isolated counterpart. Indeed, the relaxation time of the fast‐isomerizing platform of the herein reported bis‐azobenzenes is as low as 200 ps under ambient conditions. In the wake of these results, the bis‐azo dyes described herein are invaluable chromophores for the design of multifunctional light‐addressable materials in which simultaneous switching in two very different timescales might be essential.
A New Conformation With an Extraordinarily Long, 3.04 Å Two‐Electron, Six‐Center Bond Observed for the π‐[TCNE]22− Dimer in [NMe4]2[TCNE]2 (TCNE=Tetracyanoethylene)
Authors: Graham Adora G. , Mota Fernando , Shurdha Endrit , Rheingold Arnold L. , Novoa Juan J. , Miller Joel S.
Published: August 2015

Invited for the cover of this issue are the groups of Joel S. Miller at the University of Utah and Juan J. Novoa at the University of Barcelona. The image depicts a visualization of the energy difference between the new 2e−/6c and the established 2e−/4c bond for C2 and D2h conformations, respectively, for π‐[TCNE]22−. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201501963.
ChemInform Abstract: ′Pd20Sn13′ Revisited: Crystal Structure of Pd6.69Sn4.31.
Authors: Klein Wilhelm , Jin Hanpeng , Hlukhyy Viktor , Faessler Thomas F.
Published: August 2015

Single crystals of Pd6.69Sn4.31 are obtained in attempts to grow ternary alloys in the system K—Pd—Sn (Nb crucible in evacuated silica tubes, 1.
ChemInform Abstract: Si‐Based Clathrates with Partial Substitution by Zn and Ga: K8Zn3.5Si42.5, Rb7.9Zn3.6Si42.4, and Cs8‐xGa8‐ySi38+y.
Authors: Baran Volodymyr , Faessler Thomas F.
Published: August 2015

Cs8‐xGa8‐ySi38+y (I) is obtained from a stoichiometric reaction of the elements in a CsCl flux, whereas K8Zn3.5Si42.5 (II) and Rb7.9Zn3.6Si42.4 (III) are prepared using a combined KBr or RbCl /Zn flux (alumina crucible sealed in stainless steel ampoule, 1173 K, 1 h; cooling to 923 K with a rate of 0.3 K/min).
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrothermal Studies in the System Hg/Se/Te/O: The First TeIV/SeVI Oxocompounds Hg3SeTe2O10 and Hg3SeTe4O14, and the Mixed‐Valent Hg5Se2O8.
Authors: Weil Matthias , Shirkanlou Mahdi
Published: August 2015

Single crystals of the three title compounds are picked out of a product mixture obtained hydrothermally from aqueous mixtures of HgO (or Hg(NO3)2, HgCl2), TeO2, H2SeO4, HNO3, and KOH in a molar ratio Hg:Te:Se:K = 3:2:1:4 (autoclave, 230 °C, 7 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Tetradecanuclear Iron(III)‐Oxo Nanoclusters Stabilized by Trilacunary Heteropolyanions.
Authors: Kortz Ulrich , et al.
Published: August 2015

Compounds (III), (VIII), and (XII) are characterized by single crystal XRD, IR spectroscopy, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and electrochemical measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Conversion of Saccharides into Formic Acid Using Hydrogen Peroxide and a Recyclable Palladium(II) Catalyst in Aqueous Alkaline Media at Ambient Temperatures.
Authors: Zargari N. , Kim Y. , Jung K. W.
Published: August 2015

A variety of mono‐ and disaccharides are efficiently converted into formic acid using a recyclable NHC‐amidate palladium(II) catalyst and stoichiometric amounts of H2O2 and NaOH.
ChemInform Abstract: Vanadium (V) Oxide Mediated Bromolactonization of Alkenoic Acids.
Authors: Campbell McKenzie L. , Rackley Samuel A. , Giambalvo Lauren N. , Whitehead Daniel C.
Published: August 2015

Bromolactones are prepared by vanadium‐catalyzed bromolactonization of alkenoic acids in acceptable purity without column chromatography.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Radical Cyclization of Vinyl, Aryl and Alkyl Halides Using Catalytic Amount of Bis‐tri‐n‐butyltin Oxide/Sodium Borohydride: A Novel Entry to Functionalized Carbocycles.
Authors: Dinesh Tarur Konikkaledom , Palani Namasivayam , Balasubramanian Sengottuvelan
Published: August 2015

A facile protocol is presented for the radical cyclization of halides to the corresponding bi‐ or tricyclic products.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Active Phosphine‐Free Bifunctional Iron Complex for Hydrogenation of Bicarbonate and Reductive Amination.
Authors: Thai Trieu‐Tien , Merel Delphine S. , Poater Albert , Gaillard Sylvain , Renaud Jean‐Luc
Published: August 2015

The newly developed title complex proves efficient in the reductive amination of various aldehydes and ketones with primary aliphatic and aromatic amines as well as secondary amines.
ChemInform Abstract: Dichlorination of α‐Diazo‐β‐dicarbonyls Using (Dichloroiodo)benzene.
Authors: Coffey Keith E. , Murphy Graham K.
Published: August 2015

A mild and efficient Lewis‐base or Lewis‐acid‐catalyzed chlorination of diazodicarbonyl compounds is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Steric and Electronic Tuning of Atropisomeric Amino Alcohol Type Ligands with a 1‐Arylpyrrole Backbone.
Authors: Deak Szilvia , Matravoelgyi Bela , Feczku Gyula , Erdelyi Zsuzsa , Nyerges Miklos , Faigl Ferenc
Published: August 2015

The synthesis of new, trifluoromethyl group containing atropisomeric amino alcohols and their application in enantioselective diethylzinc additions to aldehydes is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactive Barium‐Promoted Benzylation of Diaryl Azo Compounds.
Authors: Yanagisawa Akira , Sawae Toshiki , Yamafuji Seiya , Heima Toshihiko , Yoshida Kazuhiro
Published: August 2015

The Barbier‐type benzylation of aromatic diazenes with benzyl chlorides in presence of reactive barium furnishes benzylated hydrazines in moderate to high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Flow Synthesis of Fluorinated α‐Amino Acids.
Authors: Vukelic Stella , Ushakov Dmitry B. , Gilmore Kerry , Koksch Beate , Seeberger Peter H.
Published: August 2015

A semi‐continuous process involving photooxidative cyanation of fluorinated amines and subsequent hydrolysis of the resulting nitriles allows the synthesis of fluorinated α‐amino acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine‐DMSO Promoted C—H (SP3) Functionalization Approach to α‐Ketoamides.
Authors: Mupparapu Nagaraju , Vishwakarma Ram A. , Ahmed Qazi Naveed
Published: August 2015

A simple procedure is elaborated for the oxidative coupling of acetophenones with secondary amines leading to α‐ketoamides (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Difluoromethyl and Chlorofluoromethyl Sulfoximines: Synthesis and Evaluation as Electrophilic Perfluoroalkylating Reagents.
Authors: Pegot Bruce , Urban Celine , Bourne Aaron , Le Thanh Nghi , Bouvet Sebastien , Marrot Jerome , Diter Patrick , Magnier Emmanuel
Published: August 2015

Dihalomethyl sulfoximes (V), (VII), and (X) are prepared and employed as dihalomethylation reagents for indanone (XI).
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium‐Catalyzed Annulation of Aromatic Imines with 1,3‐Dienes via Direct Functionalization of an Aromatic C—H Bond.
Authors: Ebe Yusuke , Hatano Miyuki , Nishimura Takahiro
Published: August 2015

The annulation reaction proceeds with high regio‐ and stereoselectivity to form highly functionalized 1‐aminoindane derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral Pyranonaphthoquinone‐Fused Spirooxindoles Through Organocatalytic Three‐Component Cascade Reactions.
Authors: Zhao Hong‐Wu , Li Bo , Tian Ting , Meng Wei , Yang Zhao , Song Xiu‐Qing , Chen Xiao‐Qin , Pang Hai‐Liang
Published: August 2015

In the presence of cinchona‐thiourea organocatalyst, the enantioselective three‐component cascade reaction of isatins, malononitrile, and 2‐hydroxynaphthalene‐1,4‐diones proceeds readily to furnish chiral pyranonaphthoquinone‐fused spirooxindoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Fluorine‐Containing 3,3‐Disubstituted Oxetanes and Alkylidene Oxetanes.
Authors: Laporte Romain , Prunier Anais , Pfund Emmanuel , Roy Vincent , Agrofoglio Luigi A. , Lequeux Thierry
Published: August 2015

The introduction of fluoroalkylidenes onto 3‐oxetanone, 3‐azetidinone, and cyclobutanone rings is achieved through base mediated reaction with various sulfones.
ChemInform Abstract: Thiazole‐Induced Rigidification in Substituted Dithieno‐Tetrathiafulvalene: The Effect of Planarisation on Charge Transport Properties.
Authors: Taylor Rupert G. D. , Cameron Joseph , Wright Iain A. , Thomson Neil , Avramchenko Olena , Kanibolotsky Alexander L. , Inigo Anto R. , Tuttle Tell , Skabara Peter J.
Published: August 2015

Novel tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) containing compounds (III) are obtained by four‐fold Stille coupling between tetrabromo‐dithieno TTF (I) and stannylated thiophene (IIa) or thiazole (IIb).
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Efficient Synthesis of Azlactone Derivatives Using 2‐Aminopyridine‐Functionalized Sphere SiO2 Nanoparticles as a Reusable Heterogeneous Catalyst.
Authors: Mobinikhaledi Akbar , Moghanian Hassan , Pakdel Samira
Published: August 2015

A new Erlenmeyer synthesis of azlactones is reported which is catalyzed by 2‐aminopyridine supported on nanosized silica. Silica nanoparticles are modified with triethoxysilylpropyl chloride and 2‐aminopyridine attached to the support via covalent linkages.
ChemInform Abstract: Practical Approach for Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐benzoxazole in Water.
Authors: Cao Ke , Wang Jia‐Ling , Wang Lin‐Hui
Published: August 2015

via copper‐catalyzed amination reaction of benzoxazole with secondary amines
ChemInform Abstract: 9H‐Carbazole Derivatives Containing the N‐Benzyl‐1,2,3‐triazole Moiety as New Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors.
Authors: Akrami Hamidreza , Mirjalili Bibi F. , Khoobi Mehdi , Moradi Alireza , Nadri Hamid , Emami Saeed , Foroumadi Alireza , Vosooghi Mohsen , Shafiee Abbas
Published: August 2015

A series of triazole‐containing carbazole derivatives (III) is simply formed via a one‐pot three‐component click reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Chromanones via a Peptidic Phosphane Catalyzed Rauhut—Currier Reaction.
Authors: Scanes Robert J. H. , Grossmann Oleg , Grossmann Andre , Spring David R.
Published: August 2015

Biologically active α‐methylene‐δ‐valerolactones are enantioselectively obtained by intramolecular Rauhut—Currier reaction using a new bifunctional dipeptidic phosphane catalyst which is accessible in only four steps from cheap commercially available amino acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Zn(L‐proline)2 as a Powerful and Reusable Organometallic Catalyst for the Very Fast Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐4H‐benzo[g]chromene Derivatives under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Maleki Behrooz , Babaee Saeed , Tayebee Reza
Published: August 2015

The title chromenes (IV) are efficiently obtained by three‐component coupling reaction of various aldehydes (II), malononitrile (III), and naphthoquinone (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Fitness of Driving Force and Catalytic Space in Chiral Catalyst Design. Application of Axial Biscarboline N—O Chiral Catalyst for Enantioselective Allylation of Allyltrichlorosilane to Bulky Substituted Aldehydes.
Authors: Liu Li , Yang Qin , Yu He , Li Jing‐Liang , Pei Yu‐Ning , Zhu Hua‐Jie , Li Zhen‐Qiu , Wang Xiao‐Ke
Published: August 2015

Newly developed bis‐β‐carboline catalysts are applied in the asymmetric allylation of rigid and large tryptophan derived aldehydes delivering the products in moderate to high yields and with high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of 3,7‐Disubstituted 1,6‐Naphthyridin‐2(1H)‐ones Through Regioselective Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling and SNAr Reactions.
Authors: Montoir David , Tonnerre Alain , Duflos Muriel , Bazin Marc‐Antoine
Published: August 2015

A regioselective microwave‐assisted one‐pot two‐step transformation of 1,6‐naphthyridin‐2(1H)‐ones consisting of a Buchwald—Hartwig cross‐coupling in position 3 in the first step and a second Buchwald—Hartwig coupling, a Suzuki coupling, or a SNAr reaction in the second step is elaborated.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Pyrazolo[4′,3′:3,4]pyrido[1,2‐a]benzimidazoles and Related New Ring Systems by Tandem Cyclization of vic‐Alkynylpyrazole‐4‐carbaldehydes with (Het)aryl‐1,2‐diamines and Investigation of Their Optical Properties.
Authors: Milisiunaite Vaida , Arbaciauskiene Egle , Bieliauskas Aurimas , Vilkauskaite Gyte , Sackus Algirdas , Holzer Wolfgang
Published: August 2015

The reaction of vic‐alkynylpyrazole‐4‐carbaldehydes (I) and (XII) with o‐phenylenediamine (II) leads to the tetracyclic products (III) and (XIII), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzimidazolo[2,3‐b]quinazolinone Derivatives via a One‐Pot Multicomponent Reaction Promoted by a Chitosan‐Based Composite Magnetic Nanocatalyst.
Authors: Maleki Ali , Aghaei Morteza , Ghamari Nakisa
Published: August 2015

A practical and green approach for the one‐pot multicomponent synthesis of tetraheterocyclic benzimidazolo[2,3‐b]quinazolinones is described via condensation of aminobenzimidazole (I) or aminobenzothiazole (V), dimedone, and various aldehydes using Fe3O4@chitosan as an environmentally benign and reusable nanocomposite catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Anellation of Pyrrolo[1,2‐a]pyrimidine and Pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidine Systems to a Pyrazolopyridine Framework by a Cascade of Two Cyclization Reactions.
Authors: Acosta Paola , Insuasty Braulio , Abonia Rodrigo , Quiroga Jairo
Published: August 2015

A facile one‐pot procedure allows the synthesis of the title compounds from diamines (I) and chloroketones via a regioselective double cyclization cascade reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Aminomethylidenebisphosphonic Derivatives of β‐Arylethylamines.
Authors: Goldeman Waldemar , Nasulewicz‐Goldeman Anna
Published: August 2015

The products are evaluated for their antiproliferative activity with (IVb) showing interesting results towards potential antisteolytic activity.