bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ATLETISMO DE PISTA OLÍMPICO: SEÑALES HISTÓRICAS
Authors: Ayala Zuluaga Carlos Federico , Ramírez Ramírez Miriam Ximena , Ocampo Blandón Cristian Alberto
Published: March 2018

El presente es un artículo de revisión bibliográfica en el cual se presentan aspectos históricos que han sido relevantes en el atletismo de los Juegos Olímpicos modernos en el área de la pista, tanto en el es cenario mundial como en el contexto latinoamericano, específicamente para Colombia. Esta historia del atletismo de pista se divide en estadios desde los Juegos de Atenas de 1896 hasta los Juegos de Tokio de 1964. Cada estadio o década presenta uno o dos atletas sobresalientes. Metodológicamente, se hizo una revisión bibliográfica basada en libros, documentos históricos, revistas especializadas impresas y digitales, consulta en bases de datos y páginas web basadas en la temática del área. Aunque se encuentran referencias para construir este tipo de artículos, hay dificultades para encontrar bibliografía especializada. La investigación evidenció gran desarrollo del atletismo de pista en el aspecto técnico y de rendimiento, especialmente en las cuatro últimas décadas. Sin embargo, es notorio que la evolución del atletismo suramericano no es relevante, aunque en Colombia se evidencian mejoras en el número de participantes y de resultados.
LA GIMNASIA COMO CONTENIDO ESCOLAR: UN ANÁLISIS DE LOS PRIMEROS PROGRAMAS OFICIALES DE EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA EN URUGUAY (1911 Y 1923)
Authors: Alonso Sosa Virginia , Zinola Diez Pablo
Published: March 2018

El trabajo presenta un análisis de los primeros programas oficiales de educación física escolar del Uruguay (1911 y 1923) en relación con la gimnasia. Nos interesa el recorrido programático de este contenido, asumiendo que dichos discursos estabilizados son portavoces de un contexto particular, abiertos a ser interpretados desde nuevas miradas. A través de estos documentos, que de una u otra manera marcan los lineamientos para la enseñanza, intentamos dar cuenta del recorrido histórico y conceptual de la gimnasia para comprender qué discursos la sustentan en su conformación curricular y qué recorte se realiza de ella como campo de saber.
REFLEXIONES SOBRE LA IDENTIDAD MICRORRELATO
Authors: Moreno Páez Luz Angelica
Published: March 2018

Esta es una reflexión que no pretende entrar en una aguerrida controversia respecto a la identidad, solo se trata de una postura frente a este complejo asunto; dicho de otra manera, la intención es ver esta circunstancia de la vida humana desde otra perspectiva. Podemos empezar por decir que se ha hablado mucho acerca de la identidad dentro de las aulas de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional, especialmente en la Licenciatura en Recreación con Énfasis en Turismo, de hecho, con una cierta preocupación de carácter urgente se han intentado explicar los fenómenos de una sociedad diversa en su cultura, creencias y costumbres, y que, además de esto, comparte un mismo territorio: Colombia
Los espacios digitales en permanente definición y construcción. Un análisis desde los elementos formativos
Authors: Vásquez Velásquez Ana Maria , Sánchez  Rosete Laura , Bolívar Buriticá Wilson
Published: March 2018

Este artículo presenta una reflexión sobre elementos formativos que como la realización humana, el encuentro con otros y la participación aparecen dispersos en los espacios digitales, los cuales resignifican la vida de las personas e introducen prácticas de reconocimiento, colaboración y constitución de comunidades que comparten intereses y motivaciones. El texto se organiza en tres partes: en la primera se desarrolla la idea de formación con relación a las sociedades líquidas y la aparición de las nuevas tecnologías desde una mirada formativa; en la segunda se describen los elementos de la formación que aparecen intermitentes y “dispersos” en los espacios digitales; y en la tercera y última, se presenta una experiencia educativa con propósitos formativos apoyada en medios y tecnologías con mujeres en la vereda Granizal del municipio de Bello (Antioquia). En ella las manifestaciones del ser en la pantalla, con la disponibilidad de nuevos medios y modos, hacen posible decir lo que se piensa a través de imágenes, videos, o audios, a partir de sus saberes y de uso de las tic para construir significado y acciones colectivas que lleven a encontrar y reflexionar el sentido de la existencia.
Perfil de egreso y empleo en el contexto del avance tecnológico
Authors: Silva Montes César
Published: March 2018

El presente artículo es una reflexión derivada de la aplicación del currículo basado en competencias (CBC). El objetivo es comprender los efectos de este currículo en el perfil de egreso en el contexto de la creciente tecnologización y automatización de los nuevos empleos y las repercusiones en la contratación laboral en diferentes áreas de desempeño técnico y profesional. En el artículo se presenta una breve revisión histórica de la orientación que el currículo tuvo hacia la preparación para el trabajo en México. En seguida se propone una discusión sobre el CBC, su definición, sus ventajas y su atributo técnico en el perfil de egreso del siglo xxi. Después se plantea el debate sobre la economía del conocimiento y la promesa de mejoras en las condiciones de vida, señalando cómo las escuelas se esfuerzan por generar capital humano con las competencias tecnológicas e informáticas para un espacio laboral excluyente, precario, en el cual la automatización disminuye el empleo de personas. Finalmente, dos conclusiones son presentadas: primero que la adecuación de los contenidos y programas de estudio en competencias para ligarlo con el mercado laboral no garantiza un puesto de trabajo ni mejor remuneración; y segundo, que se forma un profesional despreocupado por la resolución de los problemas sociales.
Fundamentación curricular para una pedagogía de la teología. Reflexiones en perspectiva crítico-liberadora
Authors: Santamaría Rodríguez Juan Esteban , Mantilla Fuentes Balbino
Published: March 2018

La fundamentación curricular para una pedagogía de la teología en perspectiva crítico-liberadora emerge en el programa de Licenciatura en Teología de la Universidad Santo Tomás (Colombia). El artículo presenta tres apartados, en los dos primeros se describe el marco de referencia y la argumentación teórica, situados en investigaciones desarrolladas acerca de la caracterización de una pedagogía de la teología desde la pedagogía crítica y la teología de la liberación (2014-2017), así como en el proceso de acreditación de alta calidad exigido por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional (2016). En el tercer apartado, como conclusión, se señala que esta reflexión considera dicho fundamento curricular en clave “crítica”, teniendo como base la experiencia vital y de fe de los agentes del acto educativo y estableciendo la dinámica “saberes-conocimiento-praxis” como eje para una educabilidad del conocimiento teológico.
Lógica práctica y lógica teórica en la sistematización de experiencias educativas
Authors: Bermúdez Peña Claudia
Published: March 2018

El presente artículo parte de la pregunta sobre cómo comprender la práctica desde la sistematización de experiencias. Si bien es un concepto que aparece como central en su fundamentación, también es cierto que en el debate propuesto desde la matriz epistemológica occidental ocupa un lugar secundario. Para responder a dicha pregunta, el artículo describe la tensión entre lógica teórica –ligada al pensamiento y la razón– y lógica práctica –ligada a la acción– que atraviesa los debates de las ciencias sociales y que se pueden rastrear desde los griegos hasta hoy. Se concluye que es justamente en esa tensión que la sistematización de experiencias, como modalidad de investigación cualitativa, establece varios retos metodológicos que suponen una ruptura frente a la concepción tradicional de conocimiento y frente a la práctica, entendida como fuente de conocimiento y como saber hacer.
Os Parques Urbanos na História da Cidade: percepção, afetividade, imagem e memória da paisagem
Authors: Melo Hérica Maria Saraiva , Lopes Wilza Gomes Reis , Sampaio Dayanne Batista
Published: March 2018

Em áreas voltadas ao paisagismo, à preservação ambiental e ao lazer da população, como os parques urbanos, o cenário paisagístico é composto por fatores socioambientais relevantes no desenvolvimento da área. Diante desse cenário, este artigo tem por objetivo fazer uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a importância dos parques urbanos na história da cidade, a partir da aplicação dos termos percepção, afetividade, imagem e memória da paisagem. Para tal, a metodologia adotada pautou-se em consulta a acervos bibliográficos para busca de contribuições na literatura sobre os parques urbanos, enfocando na imagem (elemento constituidor de discursos) e na paisagem (elemento constituído), considerando a percepção e a experiência afetiva enquanto aspectos qualitativos na relação entre esses termos. A discussão teórica está associada ao espaço a partir de experiências contemporâneas de alterações de paisagem em metrópoles urbanas, sendo analisados seus reflexos na imagem da cidade e na memória coletiva urbana. Conclui-se que é fundamental compreender a importância dos parques urbanos enquanto espaços públicos inseridos no contexto histórico da cidade. A percepção dos espaços e as relações afetivas entre pessoa-espaço possibilitam a compreensão de como os parques vão sendo construídos no imaginário de cada indivíduo e no imaginário coletivo social. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Espaço público. Parques. Paisagem.
Notas sobre a paisagem cultural em Vila de Itaúnas (ES)
Authors: Costa Maísa Fávero , Campos Martha Machado
Published: March 2018

Este trabalho considera o debate recente acerca do termo paisagem cultural como conceito e busca sua reverberação quando voltado para a Vila de Itaúnas, situada no litoral norte do estado do Espírito Santo. O lugar é marcado por diversos mitos acerca de sua história. O mais emblemático diz respeito ao soterramento da antiga Vila, que trouxe consigo a base de formação da memória local, marcada por símbolos e significados. O artigo expõe os elementos simbólicos caracterizadores da Vila de Itaúnas, construídos a partir de estudos sobre os significados criados pelos grupos que vivenciam os espaços da Vila, produzindo os lugares simbólicos do local. Para isso, utiliza, como metodologia, pesquisa teórica em fontes diversas, a observação participante evidenciando dinâmicas sociais e econômicas existentes, levantamento de campo in loco e formulação de interpretações, por meio de textos, mapas e esquemas gráficos distintos. Conclui que a localidade de Itaúnas compreende uma pequena vila carregada de simbolismos construídos por seus habitantes, principalmente durante o processo de mudança da antiga ocupação para a Vila atual, e pelos turistas que frequentam o local, em processos e dinâmicas continuadas de construção de lugares simbólicos, que, por sua vez, moldam paisagens também em contínua construção. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Paisagem Cultural. Itaúnas/ES. Paisagem.
Greenhouse Gas Sampling Protocol for Mountain Meadows v1
Authors: Sullivan B.W. , Hart S.C.
Published: March 2018

Static chamber method for field sampling of greenhouse gases. Prepared on behalf of the Sierra Mountain Meadow Restoration Research Partnership July 15th, 2015
Low body mass index increases risk of anemia in patients with HIV-AIDS receiving antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Widiyanti Mirna , Ubra Reynold , Fitriana Eva
Published: March 2018

BackgroundIn acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases, cytopenias of all major blood cell lines were increasingly recognized in patients with HIV infection. Anemia commonly occurs during HIV infection and has been associated with increased progression to AIDS and decreased survival. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anemia and associated risk factors in adults with HIV-AIDS receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted involving 90 adults with HIV-AIDS. Sociodemographic data were collected using a questionnaire. In all patients, CD4+ lymphocyte counts were performed by means of a PIMA analyzer, while hemoglobin was determined using a Sysmex hematology analyzer. The WHO cutoff value of hemoglobin was adjusted to altitude to define anemia. Mild to moderate anemia was defined as hemoglobin 8-13 g/dL for men and 8-12 g/dL for women. Severe anemia was defined as hemoglobin 8 g/dL. Data was analyzed by using logistic regression test.ResultsThere were 90 subjects with HIV-AIDS in this study. Anemia was found in 50 subjects (55.6%), consisting of 12.2% with mild anemia and 43.4% with moderate to severe anemia. Multiple logistic regression showed that an important risk factor for anemia was low body mass index (BMI) between <17-18.5 (OR=4.20; 95% CI=1.23-14.36). However, the CD4 <350 cells/mm3 was not a significant risk factor for anemia (OR=1.03; 95% CI=0.21-5.04).ConclusionsLow BMI increases the risk of anemia in subjects with HIV receiving ART. Better screening for anemia and infectious diseases, and modified harm reduction strategy for injection drug users are primary needs in HIV patients.
Membrane potential, serum calcium and serum selenium decrease in preeclampsia subjects in Owerri
Authors: Nnodim Johnkennedy , Emmanuel Nwodo , Hope Okorie , Nwadike Constance , Ukamaka Edward , Christian Onah
Published: March 2018

Background Pre-eclampsia is a serious hypertensive condition of pregnancy associated with high maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Women who have had pre-eclampsia have a greater risk of developing hypertension, stroke and ischemic heart disease in later life. The etiology of pre-eclampsia remains unclear. Placental insufficiency plays a key role in the progression of this disease. The aim of this study was to determine membrane potential, serum calcium and serum selenium levels in preeclampsia subjects in Owerri. MethodsA case control study involving 200 primigravida (100 preeclamptic and 100 apparently healthy) between the ages of 20 and 32 years attending General Hospital Owerri. Fasting venous blood was collected for the determination of serum selenium and serum calcium while membrane potential was calculated using the Nernst equation. The serum calcium was estimated using Randox Kit and serum selenium by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The Independent Student t test was used for statistical analysis. ResultsThe results revealed that membrane potential and serum selenium as well as serum calcium were significantly decreased in preeclampsia when compared with the controls, at p<0.05. ConclusionOur study demonstrated that the decrease in membrane potential, serum calcium and serum selenium levels may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. There may be a need for increasing the dietary intake of these essential trace metals during pregnancy to prevent pre-eclampsia in Owerri.
Effect of a parent-provided early intervention program on infant health and development: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: K. Basavaraj , S. Sireesha , J. Suresh
Published: March 2018

Background: Early Intervention Program (EIP) is a unique way of providing ideal stimulation, education and care for children. EIP are designed to provide detection, treatment, prevention of handicaps, developmental delays, and environmental deprivation as early in a child's life as possible. Objective of present study were to assess the effect of parent-provided EIP on infant cognitive, psychomotor and socio- emotional behaviors at the completion of age 12 months and to evaluate whether these effects were moderated by the infant feeding practices, general health status and socio-demographic characters.Methods: The present study was randomized controlled trial conducted at villages under Vantamuri PHC area attached to J.N Medical College, Belgaum during the period May 2012 to August 2013, with a sample size of 64, full term, normal babies and weighing ≥2.5 kg. At the end of 12 months, babies were assessed by an independent evaluator using BSID-II and ASQ/SE questionnaire.Results: In the present study the mental index (MDI) scores were higher in intervention group than control group (106.63 Vs 94.45, P=0.0001). Problem solving skills were higher in intervention group compared to control group (21.33 Vs 11.56, P=0.000). Person social skills were higher for intervention compared to control (27.66 Vs 22.34, P=0.001). Children with fewer episodes of diarrhea and acute respiratory infections showed better performance.Conclusions: Early Intervention Program effectively increases the cognitive, person social, problem solving and socio-emotional skills at 12 months of age.
Income and disbursement of Urban Local Bodies: A Study of Kurnool Municipal Corporation
Authors: Muniswami Samadri
Published: March 2018

The ancient India which was famous for its ‘village republics’, was also a land of big and well administered cities and towns. The excavations of Harappa and Mohenjodaro have brought out the remains of well-run cities. Kautilya, in His renowned treatise on ‘Arthshastra’, has given a graphic description of the city of Patliputra, the capital of the great Mauryas, and its administration. Megasthenese, the Greek ambassador to the court of Chandra Gupta Maurya, has also left a description of the city of Patliputra. The cities continued to flourish under the Muslim rule and reached the peak of their glory under the Mughals. The Britishers also developed cities like Bombay, Calcutta and Madras. This trend towards growing urbanization has continued unabated since 1947. The later half of the twentieth century has witnessed a marked shift of population from rural to urban areas. The accelerated growth of rate in urban population is the natural consequence of modernization and industrialization to which we are committed. “Search for security of life and property, greater employment opportunities, better amenities of life and just glamour are the main factors responsible for this exodus from rural to urban areas.” This growing urbanization has affected not only economic structure of the country but also its ‘social and cultural profiles’
Empirical Study On, “Chracteristics Of Agripreneurship In Amhara Region, Ethiopia”
Authors: Nachimuthu Dr.Kavitha , Melesse Mr.Birhanu , Derso Mr.Beyene
Published: March 2018

Agripreneurship rotate farm into an agribusiness. Agribusiness plays very essential role to re defining agricultural sector in Ethiopia. It make more advantageous venture can lead to economic self-sufficiency which attracts rural people in the present scenario. Agripreneurship provides employment opportunities, income generation, alleviating poverty, food security and rural livelihood in the development aspects. Most of the farmers lack in access of agricultural raw materials, financial assistance, marketing arrangements, accessing new technologies and advisory services for commercial farming. ‘Agripreneurs’ can transform Ethiopian agriculture sector to meet the challenges in the global world. This paper mainly focused on the importance of Agripreneurship and socio cultural background in Ethiopia
Transplante de órgãos humanos no Brasil: a temática não pode ser declarada morta
Authors: Cioatto Roberta Marina , De Alencar Gomes Pinheiro Adriana
Published: March 2018

Esforços precisam ser empreendidos com o fim de aumentar o escasso número de doações de órgãos humanos para transplantes. O presente trabalho tem como objetivos apresentar questionamentos sobre a temática e convidar o leitor a refletir a respeito de casos noticiados. Para tanto, utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica qualitativa descritiva. As reflexões surgidas no estudo devem servir para impulsionar o aperfeiçoamento do sistema brasileiro na tentativa de suprir a crescente demanda, sem negligenciar o respeito a doadores e receptores.
Limites à implantação de chips subcutâneos: a tutela da privacidade como instrumento de proteção da pessoa na sociedade da informação
Authors: Matos Liliane Gonçalves , De Menezes Joyceane Bezerra , Colaço Hian Silva
Published: March 2018

No contexto da sociedade de consumo, qualificada como informacional, exsurge a preocupação com os riscos da implantação de microchips em seres humanos, especialmente quanto à privacidade dos envolvidos. Por meio de estudo analítico-descritivo, delinearam-se os novos contornos do direito à privacidade, redimensionando o tradicional conceito e ampliando a esfera privada. Como resultado, identificou-se que, embora haja sensação de segurança, o chip pode ensejar distorções e violações à privacidade. Conclui-se que o controle de dados sensíveis deve ser do seu titular, vinculando seu manuseio à finalidade que lhe foi autorizada, sob pena de se incindir na intensa vigilância e classificação.
A Resource-Based Perspective to Assess Firms’ Profitability in the Food Industry: Evidence from the Italian Cheese Industry
Authors: D’Angelo Eugenio
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the determinants of firms’ competitive advantage and performance in the Italian food industry, with specific reference to the cheese sector. This aim is consistent with the 3-year research program outlined by the agreement between the Pegaso Telematic University and the Gerardi & Fortura Limited Liability Company, subscribed in November 2015 (02/24/2015) and assigned to the author. The paper investigates the source of superior performance in the Italian cheese industry using the well-known Resource Based Theory. The empirical analysis is conducted on a sample of 110 firms and over a 10-year period of observation. An OLS regression is used to evaluate the impact of a bundle of resources on firms’ performance. Findings show that physical and financial resources have the major effect on firms’ return on assets, whereas intangible assets, capabilities and human resources have a lower and ambiguous effect.
Effect of Audit Committee Tenure on Financial Reporting Quality of Listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
Authors: Onyabe Joseph Majiyebo , Okpanachi Joshua , Nyor Terzungwe , Yahaya Onipe Adabenege , Ahmed Mohammed
Published: March 2018

This study examines the effect of audit committee tenure on financial reporting quality of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study uses panel data obtained from the Nigerian Stock Exchange factbooks and the financial statements of 14 listed deposit money banks over a period of 10 years (2007-2016). The study uses cross sectional and time series research design. Financial reporting quality was measured using the modified Jones (1991) model and changes in working capital model, while audit committee tenure was measured as the mean tenure of audit committee members. The data was analyzed using descriptive (mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum) and inferential statistics (correlation and regression analysis). The study reveals that audit committee tenure has a negative and insignificant effect on financial reporting quality under the two models. The implication of these results is that the tenure of audit committee members is not important when considering the financial reporting quality of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study therefore concludes that the effect of audit committee tenure on financial reporting quality of deposit money banks in Nigeria is negative and insignificant. Based on this conclusion, the study recommends that further research should be conducted on other audit committee attributes in order to see which of the attributes may have significant effect on financial reporting quality.
Achievement Motivation and Parenting Styles in Promoting Effective Learning Among Secondary School Students in Ondo State
Authors: Florence O. Ojewola , Yinusa A. Faremi
Published: March 2018

Effective learning among secondary school students in Ondo state has become a source of concern to all well-meaning people in the educational sector hence this study investigated achievement motivation and parenting styles in promoting effective learning among secondary school students in Ondo State. Descriptive survey design was adopted for this study. The sample was made up of 245 secondary school students randomly selected from five local government areas in Ondo state. A questionnaire titled Assessment of Secondary School Students Academic Achievement Motivation for Promoting Learning. Questionnaire was administered on the students to assess their achievement motivation and parenting styles in enhancing effective learning among secondary school students. Data collected were analysed using Analysis of Variance and t-test. The three null hypotheses formulated were tested at 0.05 alpha level. The results revealed that there was no significant difference between academic achievement motivation and parenting styles of secondary school students. The other two hypotheses based on family structure and gender were not rejected. It was concluded that achievement motivation and the styles adopted by parents in raising their children may not have any impact on the secondary school students’ effective learning outcome. It was also recommended among others that teachers and parents should make their students to develop achievement motivation.
Gender Differences in Preference of the Wage Level and Risk on the Czech Labour Market
Authors: Brozova Dagmar , Stroukal Dominik
Published: March 2018

This work focuses on the preference theory and shows that this theory is valid also in the Czech labour market. In this paper, we posed three hypotheses, which we verified using four models with 2011 data about 1984 Czech employees. The first hypothesis says that women will prefer intrinsic rewards compared to high wages more likely than men. This hypothesis was verified. It turns out that women prefer higher wages against other nonmonetary job characteristics with 6% lower probability. The second hypothesis that women with a university education will prefer intrinsic rewards with the same probability as men the same degree was also verified. Czech data, however, shows that university education is associated with 40% higher preferences of intrinsic rewards, which is inconsistent with previous findings. Thirdly, it was shown that women prefer less risk than men, by 0.7 points on a scale of 0-10, while gender does not matter among people with university education.
Les Déterminants De L’accès Aux Services De Santé À Grand Bassam
Authors: Wilfried Maï Gilles-Harold , Jérôme Aloko-N’guessan , Valentin Essan Kodia
Published: March 2018

State of complete physical, mental and social well-being, health is fundamental for man. Yet global figures for access to health are alarming. According to Gijs (2011) 2.5 billion people in the world do not have access to basic health care. In Côte d'Ivoire, the State has made population access a priority. Thus, sanitary infrastructures were built and equipped (PNDS, 2016). However, the problem of access to health services remains. The city of GrandBassam, located in the south-east of Côte d'Ivoire, has a wide range of health structures. Yet there are still people who still do not have access to health care. According to the RASS (2015), 25% of the population of Grand-Bassam still does not use health services. The purpose of this article is to identify the determinants of the access of the population of Grand-Bassam to health services. The methodological approach adopted to conduct this study took into account a bibliographic synthesis and the administration of a questionnaire. This study shows that perception of distance, income of head of household, perception of cost of care, household size, educational level, and age of households are the factors that determine access health services in the city of Grand-Bassam.
Etude Phytochimique Et De Cytotoxicité De Quelques Plantes Utilisées Dans Le Traitement De La Stérilité Féminine Au Sud-Bénin
Authors: Houmènou Victorin , Adjatin Arlette , Assogba Fidèle , Gbénou Joachim , Akoègninou Akpovi
Published: March 2018

The most cited plant drugs during an ethnobotanical survey conducted for traditional healers and resource persons in southern Benin, used in the treatment of female infertility, were the subject of a phytochemical screening. It aims to determine the chemical substances that are conferred on the plants. These chemical substances are the pharmacological properties that are used for the treat of ailment recognized as being the origin of this disease. As a result, we studied the cytotoxicity of each herbal drug. In total, the organs of 17 plant species involved in this study are Aframomum melegueta, Allium cepa, Anchomanes deformants, Baphia nitida, Carissa spinarum, Elaeis guineensis, Garcinia cola, Kigelia africana, Monodora myristica, Morinda lucida, Musa sapientum, Olax subscorpioidea, Piper guineense, Pterocarpus erinaceus, Pupalia lappacea, Tetrapleura tetraptera, Xylopia aethiopica. The results obtained indicate that the richness in phytochemical element is a function of the species. Thus, Aframomum melegueta, Garcinia kola, Monodora myristica, Tetrapleura tetraptera, Xylopia aethiopica, and Anchomanes difformis are rich in catechin and/or gallic tannins, mucilages, reducing compounds, anthocyanins and/or leucoanthocyanins. On the other hand, no drugs is at same time rich in free anthracenics, steroids and / or terpernoids, alkaloids, saponosides, and quinone derivatives. The calculated CL50 values for each of the plant organs are all greater than 0.1 mg / ml. None of them is toxic. However, the non-toxicity of an herbal drug does not mean the same with the multispecies recipe in which it is used. Pharmacological tests of the various recipes used are also of significant importance.
L’enseignant et le processus d’enseignement-apprentissage de la géographie à l’école primaire
Authors: Philippot Thierry , Glaudel Anne
Published: March 2018

Resumo : Há trinta anos, na França, a pesquisa sobre a didática da geografia na escola primária se interessou por vários objetos. Uma parte dos trabalhos empreendidos nessa área envolveram os docentes (suas representações da geografia, suas relações à forma escolar) e as práticas de ensino. Esses trabalhos permitem retratar “o estado atual” do ensino da geografia na escola primária[1]. No entanto, eles ocultam o docente - enquanto sujeito-autor - e seu papel no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. É para trabalhar essa questão que vincula a ação tal como se manifesta nas práticas de ensino a seu autor que desenvolvemos, há alguns anos, pesquisas sobre a atividade didática dentro e fora da sala de aula. Nosso texto aborda as questões teóricas e metodológicas às quais os pesquisadores são confrontados quando tentam descrever e caracterizar a atividade didática de docentes generalistas quando ensinam geografia na escola primária. Alguns resultados são apresentados e discutidos. Finalmente, além da finalidade epistêmica de nossas pesquisas, acreditamos que a compreensão da realidade da atividade pode contribuir para uma evolução da formação didática dos docentes para o ensino da geografia. Sendo assim, para concluir, daremos sugestões para a formação dos docentes nessa área.
Palavras-chaves: didática da geografia, atividade docente, escola primária, docentes generalistas
 
 
[1] No Québec, o ensino primário tem duração de 6 anos e é destinado às crianças de 7 a 12 anos. Ele corresponderia aos 6 primeiros anos do ensino fundamental brasileiro
The Docking Studies of New Derivatives of N-Phenylanthranilic Acids as Inhibitors of Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1 (mPGES-1)
Authors: Suleiman Marharyta M. , Alferova Diana A. , Druhovina Valentina V. , Sergienko Olena M. , Kobzar Natalya P. , Kiz Olga V.
Published: March 2018

The aim of the study was to determine the possibility of suppression of the prostaglandin synthesis by new derivatives of N-phenylanthranilic acids; they inhibit the activity of the microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) enzyme using the method of a flexible molecular docking. For the docking studies the crystallographic structural models with high resolution from Protein Data Bank were used: mPGES-1 in the complex with glutathione (pdb code 4AL0). A flexible molecular docking was carried out using the Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software package. According to the results of the docking studies four scoring functions were calculated (Affinity dG Scoring, Alpha HB Scoring, London dG Scoring, GBVI/WSA dG Scoring). The values of the scoring functions calculated indicate the thermodynamic probability and energy favorability of forming complexes between molecules of the substances under research and the specified receptor, in which arrangement of ligands in the active site of the receptor and residues of amino acids of side chains are of similar geometry and types of binding of the known inhibitors of mPGES-1 determined on the basis of the crystallographic studies.
Study and Development of a Fluorescence Based Sensor System for Monitoring Oxygen in Wine Production: The WOW Project
Authors: Trivellin Nicola , Barbisan Diego , Badocco Denis , Pastore Paolo , Meneghesso Gaudenzio , Meneghini Matteo , Zanoni Enrico , Belgioioso Giuseppe , Cenedese Angelo
Published: March 2018

The importance of oxygen in the winemaking process is widely known, as it affects the chemical aspects and therefore the organoleptic characteristics of the final product. Hence, it is evident the usefulness of a continuous and real-time measurements of the levels of oxygen in the various stages of the winemaking process, both for monitoring and for control. The WOW project has focused on the design and the development an innovative device for monitoring the oxygen levels in wine. This system is based on the use of an optical fiber to measure the luminescent lifetime variation of a reference metal/porphyrin complex, which decays in presence of oxygen. The developed technology results in a high sensitivity and low cost sensor head that can be employed for measuring the dissolved oxygen levels at several points inside a wine fermentation or aging tank. This system can be complemented with dynamic modeling techniques to provide predictive behavior of the nutrient evolution in space and time given few sampled measuring points for both process monitoring and control purposes. The experimental validation of the technology has been first performed in a controlled laboratory setup to attain calibration and study sensitivity with respect to different photo-luminescent compounds and alcoholic or non-alcoholic solutions, and then in an actual case study during a measurement campaign at a renown Italian winery.
KOMBINASI PATI SUKUN TERMODIFIKASI OSA (OCTENYL SUCCINIC ANHYDRIDE) DAN LESITIN SEBAGAI PENSTABIL EMULSI MINYAK DALAM AIR
Authors: Anwar Sri Haryani , Antasari Miranda , Hasni Dian , Safriani Novi , Rohaya Syarifah , Winarti Christina
Published: March 2018

Produk pangan berbasis emulsi seperti susu, mayonnaise, salad dressing dan margarin sangat diminati masyarakat. Emulsi biasanya distabilkan oleh surfaktan, protein dan polisakarida. Pati termasuk biopolimer polisakarida yang berperan penting sebagai penstabil, namun harus dimodifikasi terlebih dahulu untuk memperbaiki sifat fisiko-kimianya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji peranan pati sukun termodifikasi OSA (Octenyl Succinic Anhydride) sebagai penstabil emulsi minyak dalam air (m/a) bersama-sama dengan lesitin sebagai surfaktan. Desain penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dua faktor, yaitu penambahan pati sukun OSA (1% dan 2%) serta konsentrasi minyak (25% dan 40%) dengan tiga kali ulangan. Pati sukun terlebih dahulu dikarakterisasi dengan mengukur kadar air, abu, serat, protein, dan kadar lemak sebelum dan setelah modifikasi serta pengukuran derajat substitusi (DS). Adapun parameter kestabilan emulsi yang diuji meliputi pengukuran viskositas, penghitungan nilai creaming index (CI), dan emulsifying activity (EA) selama penyimpanan 10 hari. Analisa proksimat menunjukkan nilai yang tidak jauh berbeda antara pati sebelum dan sesudah modifikasi kecuali kadar protein yang menurun secara signifikan dari 5,25 % menjadi 3,50% setelah pati dimodifikasi. Nilai derajat substitusi pati sukun modifikasi adalah 0,0243. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua perlakuan berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap viskositas dan nilai CI, dimana peningkatan konsentrasi OSA dan minyak menurunkan nilai CI namun meningkatkan viskositas emulsi yang dihasilkan. Penyimpanan emulsi selama 10 hari menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi pati OSA dan minyak meningkatkan nilai EA yang membuktikan bahwa pemisahan emulsi dapat diminimalkan selama penyimpanan. Emulsi yang paling stabil (nilai EA 100%) diperoleh dari perlakuan terbaik yaitu konsentrasi 2% pati OSA dan 40% minyak.
Manajemen Peserta Didik Untuk Meningkatkan Prestasi Siswa pada Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) Pacitan
Authors: Suminar Wahyu
Published: March 2018

Abstract: The researcher is intended to reveal (1) the implementation of the service, guidance, and control of student management in enhancing students’ achievement and (2) the development of students’ achievement based on students’ preference at State Islamic Senior Highschool (MAN) of Pacitan. This research is qualitative research which takes the setting at State Islamic Senior Highschool (MAN) of Pacitan. This research employed descriptive qualitative research design. The data collection techniques of the study were observation, in-depth interview, and documentation. The results of the study showed that (1) student management in enhancing students’ achievement at State Islamic Senior Highschool (MAN) of Pacitan involves three aspects, namely, service, guidance, and control with various learning activities which try to develop students’ potential, talent and interest in term of academic and non-academic competency in order to enhance students’ achievement, (2) the development of students’ achievement based on students’ preference at State Islamic Senior Highschool (MAN) of Pacitan is developed through multiple intelligence. The students, who have high intelligence and interested more in subject matter or academic competence, are facilitated with some activities like discussion, subject matter group, review of SKL and tutoring. Furthermore, the students, who possess high intelligence and interested more in non-academic competence, are facilitated with various outdoor activities, such as extracurricular like scouting, muhadhoroh, MTQ, PMR, UKS, Risma, theater, journalistic, KIR, music, calligraphy and sport.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang pelayanan, pembinaan dan pengawasan manajemen peserta didik dalam meningkatkan prestasi siswa di MAN Pacitan? Serta megetahui pengembangan prestasi siswa berbasis preferensi peserta didik di MAN Pacitan. Penelitian ini merupakan bentuk pendekatan kualitatif dengan setting di MAN Pacitan yang menghasilkan data deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa (1) manajemen peserta didik dalam meningkatkan prestasi siswa di MAN Pacitan mencangkup tiga aspek yakni pelayanan, pembinaan dan pengawasan dengan berbagai kegiatan di dalamnya yang berupaya mengembangkan potensi, bakat dan minat peserta didik dari segi akademis dan non akademis dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan prestasi siswa. (2) Pengembangan prestasi siswa berbasis preferensi peserta didik di MAN Pacitan dikembangkan melalui multiple intellegence, peserta didik yang memiliki kecerdasan dan kegemaran lebih dalam hal mata pelajaran atau akademis diwadahi dengan kegiatan seperti diskusi dengan membentuk grup mata pelajaran, bedah SKL, dan bimbingan belajar lainnya. Sedangkan peserta didik yang memiliki kecerdasan dan kegemaran lebih di bidang non akademis diwadahi dengan berbagai kegiatan di luar kelas yaitu kegiatan ekstrakurikuler seperti Pramuka, Muhadhoroh, MTQ, PMR, UKS, Risma,Teater, Jurnalistik, KIR, Seni Musik dan Kaligrafi, dan Olah raga.
An Innovative Tool for Stage Isolation and Effective Restimulation: A Case History of a 26-Stage Lateral Recompletion in the Permian Basin
Authors: Boulis Tasos , Vulgamore Travis , Castro Luis
Published: March 2018

This paper presents a case history where the entire lateral of a producing well was restimulated in a single trip using a novel cost-effective intervention tool designed to provide discrete stage isolation. Lessons learned and job details are discussed and compared with other restimulation methods used in the area.

The new method is based on a novel straddle packer system that uses two mechanically-activated sealing elements—as opposed to conventional sealing cups—to overcome wear and bottomhole pressure limitations found in traditional straddle systems. The novel stage isolation system enables higher flow rates and pressure differentials as well as a larger number of stages, therefore reducing the amount of trips in the well required to complete typical refracturing operations. A comparison will be made to conventional refracturing methods based on intervention tools. As a bonus, pressure data gathered during the treatment indicating limited coverage of the primary fracturing job will be discussed.

The case study provides the framework to describe how the novel technology enables multiple treatments in a single trip in the horizontal well, therefore reducing the operational time, resources, and cost required to complete a restimulation job. The paper will show how the use of the novel technology reduced operational time by 30% compared to other methods, and enabled the operator to treat a horizontal well with full mechanical isolation in a manner not previously available. In addition, the paper will discuss pressure data gathered during the deployment that suggests limited cluster efficiency on the primary fracturing operation.

The results of the paper are relevant because they provide a new cost-effective alternative to conventional restimulation systems that was not available in the past due to inherent technology limitations of existing straddle packer systems. This is important because: (1) the technology described in the paper overcomes these limitations for both vertical and horizontal wells, (2) more refracturing operations are executed by blindly pumping treatments from surface into a full lateral with open perforations without an effective way to mechanically isolate target zones, and (3) the technology may shed additional light on the discussion of cluster efficiency during primary stimulation operations.
Wireline Tractor Advanced Restriction Navigation
Authors: Foucher Pierre-Arnaud , Poorten Ryan Vander
Published: March 2018

A wireline tractor has been developed with an integrated individual arm-closing mechanism that enables losing traction in only one arm while all the others are delivering the traction necessary to overcome the increased force in navigating an obstacle.

Wireline tractors convey logging tools, perforating guns, and mechanical services in highly deviated and horizontal wells. In many cases, they are an efficient alternative to coiled tubing because of their small footprint, quick deployment, minimal flow disruption, and fast tractoring speed. However, tractors cannot easily negotiate obstacles such as restrictions, completion equipment, pipe damage, and debris accumulation.

This problem is tied to the traction principle. When the tractor encounters an obstacle, higher push force is required, which means higher pressure is needed on the arms to increase the grip. At the same time, one arm must close to navigate the obstacle, which requires lower arm pressure. The solution has been to operate two entire tractors in tandem and close one tractor at a time through the restriction. This method necessitates to run an excessive number of assets and increases the toolstring length.

To solve this problem, a wireline tractor has been developed that uses an individual arm-closing mechanism. This unique feature enables losing the traction of only one arm while the other arms are delivering the traction to overcome the increased force.

This mechanism is built in the tool and is available at any time without any specific tool preparation, planning, or module addition, which eliminates undesirable trips in and out of the wells to reconfigure the toolstring in case of an unexpected obstacle.

This innovation has been successfully qualified in many tractor operations. Two cases in the Gulf of Mexico offshore and in North America land will be presented in which this feature was instrumental to reduce the toolstring length and asset overdeployment in overcoming expected and unexpected completion restrictions.

In the first operation, this solution enabled to navigate several side pocket mandrels, which are well-known challenges for tractors due to their complex geometries. In the second case, it saved a deemed inevitable trip to reconfigure the tractor on surface when the tractor encountered an unexpected completion restriction.

The breakthrough design of the arm-closing mechanism significantly increases overall tractor ability to successfully reach the job objective while reducing nonproductive time, resulting in more efficient operations and reduced costs.
Next-Generation Release Device: Strong, Safer, Efficient, and Rigorously Qualified
Authors: Au Greg , Sheiretov Todor , Elstrop Stephanie , Rivas Caroline Stephan , Bellicard Claire , Couble Yoann
Published: March 2018

A new high-strength electrical release device has been developed that supersedes the typical weakpoint and achieves the same strength as the tool tension rating. A stronger release device facilitates running heavier tools on wireline, along with the ability to run significantly longer gun strings, which increases operational efficiency. The release device was subjected to a rigorous qualification program conducted to ensure the highest safety and reliability of this device under demanding conditions.

This technology uses a motorized release that holds two sections together via retractable dogs. The release device operates using new telemetry protocols that are combinable and segregated from other communication schemes. An optional battery with a preset timer provides redundant control if electrical communication is lost during operations.

After the electrical release signal is sent, the motor activates the release mechanism, enabling the device to separate, even with significant residual tension on the toolstring. Completion of rigorous qualification testing was necessary to confirm performance for the heavy load requirements and high shock levels characteristic of long perforating toolstrings.

The new electrical release device has delivered flawless performance in seemingly impossible well programs. In field cases, the device was the optimal answer in providing a secondary release device that is high functioning in the harsh perforating environment. One case presents the completion of a project that involved the collaboration of six product lines. The release device was used with coiled tubing deployment of extremely long gun strings in a reservoir containing high H2S and CO2 content. The device enabled a significant reduction in the number of coiled tubing runs, which resulted in a significant increase in operational efficiency. Another application enabled the conveyance of large gun strings using wireline, which reduced the number of descents required and saved valuable time for the operator. These well programs were successfully completed because of the extreme engineering qualification achieved. For example, surface integration testing involved a maximum allowable gun string of more than 120 ft in a well to model downhole exposure. If this trend continues, it is possible that this device will change the future of wireline perforating operations.

The new controllable electrical release device with exceptional strength enables the deployment of heavy tools and long guns on both coiled tubing and wireline. This will lead to efficiencies in well design as well as optimization and a higher standard in wireline perforating operations.