bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO: CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA O ESTADO DA ARTE DA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA (2007-2015)
Authors: Gonçalves Taisa Grasiela Gomes Liduenha , Hayashi Maria Cristina Piumbato Innocentini
Published: December 2016

Orientada pela tríade “campo, educação e políticas públicas”, a Educação do Campo é um fenômeno concreto recente da realidade brasileira. Este artigo analisa a produção científica sobre o tema da Educação do Campo presente na agenda de pesquisas acadêmicas consolidada em artigos científicos disponíveis nas bibliotecas eletrônicas SciELO e Educ@. Do ponto de vista metodológico, o estudo está ancorado na abordagem bibliométrica e na análise de conteúdo dos artigos. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a literatura científica publicada abrange o período entre 2007 e 2015, e que os principais temas tratados nos artigos são: políticas públicas, formação de educadores de campo, multisseriação, história da educação do campo, currículo, desenvolvimento, ensino de ciências, movimentos sociais e juventude, e trabalho e educação.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Souza Elizeu Clementino de , Alves Lynn
Published: December 2016

O número temático 46 da Revista da FAEEBA – Educação e Contemporaneidade centra-se na discussão e sistematização de pesquisas sobre Educação e Saúde. Os textos apresentados no dossiê discutem conceitos, aproximações e experiências formativas que constroem interfaces entre educação e saúde com ênfase nos processos de aprendizagens implicados nas relações saúde-doença, educação terapêutica do paciente, práticas interdisciplinares no campo da saúde e suas interfaces com a educação, abordagem das relações entre médico-paciente, quadros clínicos, doenças crônicas, aprendizagens experienciais com a doença, medicamentos, processos de adesão, cuidado e cura. Outra vertente temática abordada no dossiê volta-se para as análises concernentes a experiências educativas em espaços hospitalares e clínicos mediadas pelas tecnologias digitais, a partir de abordagens multirreferenciais sobre cuidado-saúde-doença, narrativas de pacientes e também processos inventivos e tecnológicos que vêm sendo produzidos com o objetivo de oferecer outras possibilidades de diagnóstico, intervenção e tratamento para construir sentidos e aprendizagens diferenciadas com a doença.
EXISTIR PARA RESISTIR: (AUTO)BIOGRAFIA, NARRATIVAS E APRENDIZAGENS COM A DOENÇA
Authors: Souza Elizeu Clementino de
Published: December 2016

O texto discute articulações entre saúde e doença, tomando como objeto de investigação as aprendizagens biográficas que os sujeitos constroem sobre processos de adoecimento, especialmente em suas experiências com doenças crônicas, notadamente portadores do HIV/AIDS, através de narrativas de colaboradores publicadas na Revista Saber Viver, na Seção “Conte sua história”. Do ponto de vista teórico-metodológico, toma-se como método de investigação a pesquisa (auto)biográfica e, como fonte, narrativas de experiência desses sujeitos com o adoecimento, considerando-as como dispositivo de subjetivação, intermediado pelas palavras, com vistas a discutir aspectos conceituais sobre educação terapêutica do paciente, numa perspectiva que articula cuidado-saúde-doença. As análises das narrativas buscam depreender aprendizagens biográficas e modos como os sujeitos narram suas experiências e dão sentido à doença, à saúde, aos tratamentos, aos preconceitos e às diferentes formas de enfrentamento da/sobre a doença, possibilitando analisar aprendizagens biográficas e modos como os sujeitos aprendem a (con)viver com a doença, a superar preconceitos e construir formas de enfrentamento da soropositividade.
GAMEBOOK E A ESTIMULAÇÃO DE FUNÇÕES EXECUTIVAS EM CRIANÇAS COM INDICAÇÃO DE DIAGNÓSTICO DE TDAH: PROCESSO DE PRÉ- PRODUÇÃO, PRODUÇÃO E AVALIAÇÃO DO SOFTWARE
Authors: Alves Lynn , Bonfim Camila
Published: December 2016

Este artigo objetiva descrever o processo de desenvolvimento do Gamebook, uma mídia híbrida com características de jogo digital e appbook, desenvolvido para estimular as Funções Executivas (FE) de crianças na faixa etária de 8 a 12 anos especialmente com diagnóstico de Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH). A metodologia foi de base qualitativa, dialogando com a perspectivamultirreferencial, exploratória e descritiva, com prática colaborativa mediada com os distintos saberes nas reuniões entre os membros da equipe e pesquisadores/especialistas parceiros. Para identificar o perfil das crianças que interagem com a cultura digital e apresentam diagnóstico de TDAH utilizamos questionário on-line, respondido coma mediação de pais e especialistas. Isso subsidiou o desenvolvimento, avaliação e retroalimentação do gamebook, concretizando-se em ambiente interativo com 8 minigames. O gamebook encontra-se disponível, gratuitamente, nas Appstores para tablet nos sistemas operacionais IOS e Android. O projeto encontra-se agora na fase deinvestigação com crianças com diagnóstico de TDAH, para avaliar a contribuição dos minigames ao estimular as FE. Assim, o artigo aqui proposto apresenta os resultados da primeira fase da investigação, que a partir da avaliação dos especialistas conclui que os ambientes interativos, como o gamebook, podem se constituir em lócus deaprendizagem e estimulação das FE.
Babesiose canina: Revisão
Authors: Araujo Cassinoni Moreira Dias Viviane Cassinoni , Ferreira Fernanda Lúcia Alves
Published: December 2016

Babesiosis is a parasitic disease caused by the development of Babesia species, highlighting Babesia canis and Babesia gibsoni as main species involved in cases diagnosed in Brazil. Transmission occurs during blood feeding of Rhipicephalus ticks when blood containing sporozoites is inoculated in the definitive host, domestic dogs. The parasite invades red blood cells and reproduces asexually, causing intravascular hemolysis. Depending on the location of Babesia, dogs may display a severe anemia or a cerebral infarction. The objective of the study is to conduct a brief review of canine babesiosis, highlighting key points in the elucidation of characteristic clinical cases or not in the petvet clinic.
Utilização de fixador externo tipo I para correção de fratura de olécrano em caprino: Relato de caso
Authors: Paretsis Nicole , Andrade Felipe Silveira Rego Monteiro de , Spagnolo Julio David , Ojeda Joel Alexis Ferreira , Nóbrega Fernanda Silveira , Benesi Fernando José , Corrêa Rodrigo Romero , Zoppa André Luis do Valle De
Published: December 2016

Long bone fractures are common in small ruminants, and has been described some methods of osteosynthesis. The external fixator is considered a good option because it is non-invasive method and does not cause significant damage to adjacent tissue and vascularization. A goat, female, three months old, it was referred to the Veterinary Hospital with functional impotence of the thoracic left limb. It was diagnosed incomplete and transverse fracture of the third portion of the ulna, associated a lateroproximal luxation between radio and ulna. After a conservative treatment, the animal was forwarded to surgery procedure. The fracture was reduced manually and osteosynthesis was performed with external fixator type I using seven transcortical pins in lateral direction, that were fixed with methacrylate molded in plastic tube. Fifteen days after surgery was observed flexural deformity of the affected limb. This was fixed with placement splint for 15 days. After radiographic control and bone regeneration, the external fixator was removed after 45 days from surgery. The animal was discharge 51 days after removal the implant with a good weight bearing
Seguimiento a economistas egresados de la universidad de Nariño
Authors: Buesaquillo Cuaicuan William Fernando , Paz Gamboa Rosa María
Published: December 2016

El presente artículo corresponde a los resultados obtenidos en la investigación denominada “Propuesta para la creación de un programa de seguimiento a economistas egresados de la Universidad de Nariño 2008-2013”. Los objetivos establecidos se derivan del propósito de conocer: situación socioeconómica, trayectoria educativa y percepción del profesional en temas referentes al programa de Economía. Por último se desarrolla la propuesta de seguimiento a egresados contemplada como un indicador de la calidad universitaria.En el desarrollo del estudio se tuvo en cuenta los trabajos de grado “Caracterización de los egresados del programa de Economía de la Universidad de Nariño” y “Caracterización y aporte al desarrollo regional de los economistas egresados del programa de Economía de la Universidad de Nariño sede Pasto, 2010” elaborado por los economistas Robert Wilson Ortiz López y Pablo Sebastián Martínez Solarte, respectivamente, lo que permitió efectuar un análisis comparativo en algunos aspectos de los graduados en el programa de Economía de la Universidad de Nariño.
Lone ranger decision making versus consensus decision making: Descriptive analysis
Authors: Mashego Maite Sara
Published: December 2016

Consensus decision making, concerns group members make decisions together with the requirement of reaching a consensus that is all members abiding by the decision outcome. Lone ranging worked for sometime in a autocratic environment. Researchers are now pointing to consensus decision-making in organizations bringing dividend to many organizations. This article used a descriptive analysis to compare the goodness of consensus decision making and making lone ranging decision management. This article explored the models, roles, tools and methods of consensus decision making. The results were that consensus decision making brings people together and cements the relationship among employees. The lone ranger’s decision is only consented to by staff but inwardly disagreeable resulting in short term benefits but long term collapse of organizations.
Creating a store environment that encourages buying: A study on sight atmospherics
Authors: Hefer Yolande , Nell Elsa
Published: December 2016

More than ever, consumers respond to more than just the physical product when making a decision to purchase a product. One of the most noteworthy features of a product is the atmosphere of the place in which the product is bought. From time to time, the store atmosphere is more powerful than the product itself. This study focused specifically on the most important atmospheric element – sight. The main research question explored the effect of sight atmospherics on consumer perceptions. Explorative research was conducted together with qualitative research by means of focus groups. Purposive sampling was deemed the most appropriate sampling method for this study. The findings indicated that sight atmospherics can influence consumers’ perceptions either subconsciously or consciously, and have a direct influence on the amount of time consumers spend in a specific store. Consumers perceived sight atmospherics as a tool to establish a ‘purchasing’ atmosphere and as a means of communication to represent the brand of the store. It was established that sight atmospherics create visual attraction and stimulation with consumers, and that they contribute to the image and the character of the store.
Alarming of exchange rate crisis: A risk management approach
Authors: Zhao Da , Wu Tianhao
Published: December 2016

Recently, with increasing volatility of foreign exchange rate, risk management becomes more and more important not only for multinational companies and individuals but also for central governments. This paper attempts to build an econometrics model so as to forecast and manage risks in foreign exchange market, especially during the eve of turbulent periods. By following McNeil and Frey’s (2000) two stage approach called conditional EVT to estimate dynamic VaR commonly used in stock and insurance markets, we extend it by applying a more general asymmetric ARMA-GARCH model to analyze daily foreign exchange dollar-denominated trading data from four countries of different development levels across Asia and Europe for a period of more than 10 years from January 03, 2005 to May 29, 2015, which is certainly representative of global markets. Conventionally, different kinds of backtesting methods are implemented ultimately to evaluate how well the model behaves. Inspiringly, test results show that by taking several specific characteristics (including fat-tails, asymmetry and long-range dependence) of the foreign exchange market return data into consideration, the violation ratio of out-of-sample data can be forecasted very well for both fixed and flexible foreign exchange regimes. Moreover, all of the violations are evenly distributed along the whole period which indicates another favorable property of our model. Meanwhile, we find evidence of asymmetry volatility in all of the studied foreign exchange markets even though the magnitudes of the most of them are weak.
Governance of the venture capital investment: Factors influencing selection of an IT firm
Authors: Kumar Shailendra , Johri Amar
Published: December 2016

The selection of a firm for venture capital investment is not an easy task for any investor and so it is important to decide certain factors based on which a firm will be selected for the investment. This paper is based on the 104 responses generated through fund managers, venture capitalists, managers of financial institutions, bank managers etc. and examined two important aspects, first the factors used by venture capitalists to evaluate an IT in order to make investment decisions and second the importance of factors across different investors. This study was conducted in 2014 to find out the important aspects affecting decision making process while selecting an Information Technology firm. We have analyzed the qualitative and quantitative aspects suggested by the previous studies and studied the relationship between choice of factors among different investors and assigning weightage for them with respect to screening of an IT firm for investment.
Multi-criteria decision making in economy and preferred alternatives selection
Authors: Klychova Guzaliya S. , Kuznetsov Viktor P. , Lapaev Dmitry N. , Lapaeva Olga N. , Avkhadiev Fayaz N.
Published: December 2016

The article considers methodological aspects and tools of decision-making in the economy by the aggregated indicators. It has outlined the main problems, which occur by the implementation of multi-criteria optimization. The authorial methods of the effective plurality formation and the preferred alternatives definition have been formulated.
Resource consumption analysis in the governance of transport infrastructure in a developing country
Authors: Pienaar WJ (Wessel)
Published: December 2016

This paper provides a detailed estimate of fuel consumption rates for six representative vehicle classes on different types of rural roads in South Africa for use in macroscopic analysis during road planning. The vehicle classes are: Cars, light petrol-driven vehicles other than cars, light goods vehicles, medium-sized goods vehicles, heavy goods vehicles and buses. Measured and estimated fuel consumption rates on different paved and unpaved rural road types in flat, rolling and mountainous terrain are supplied
Does stock price synchronicity effect information content of reported earnings? Evidence from the MENA region
Authors: Farooq Omar , Aktaruzzaman Khondker
Published: December 2016

This paper documents the effect of stock price synchronicity on the value relevance of reported earnings in the MENA region during the period between 2009 and 2013. Our results show that the information content of reported earnings increases with increase in stock price synchronicity. We document higher impact of earnings on returns for firms with higher stock price synchronicity. We argue that firms with high synchronicity have better information environment. As a result, these firms disclose information that is of high quality. We also show that information conveyed through stock price synchronicity is more important than information conveyed through traditional governance mechanisms.
Risk management practices and the purchase of insurance by SMES
Authors: Chodokufa Kudakwashe
Published: December 2016

The culture of risk aversion constrains the growth of the Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) sector among low-income entrepreneurs. They respond reactively to risk by using risk avoidance or by transferring the risk. The purpose of this study was to establish whether SMEs mitigate risk through the purchase of insurance. As well as to determine the influence of business size, level of education of the owner, Recovery Plan and the knowledge of insurance products on the purchase of insurance by the SME owner. A sample of 322 SMEs in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Area South Africa was selected and 203 questionnaires were returned. The results showed that SMEs do not to mitigate risk through the purchase of insurance. The size of the business, level of education, having a Recovery Plan and knowledge of insurance products had an influence on the purchasing of insurance by SME owners/managers for their business.
Developing and improving human capital and productivity in public companies
Authors: Sithole Nozipho , Ngibe Musawenkosi
Published: December 2016

This article assesses the impact of the Assisted Education Programme (AEP) in developing, improving human capital and productivity specifically for eThekwini Municipality employee human resource. This programme offers funding to employees to further their studies in higher learning institutions, which are in partnership with and recognized by eThekwini Municipality. The core function of this programme is to improve and develop employee capabilities in order to enhance municipal productivity. However, different factors have prohibited the programme from reaching required funding polity objectives. Participants filled in questionnaires and from them data were collected. The study used quantitative research as a method of research. The target population for this study consisted of 100 participants. The study sample size were 64 participants which were randomly selected out of the Durban Solid Waste Unit, specifically general assistants. The study analyzed data using SPSS (version 23.0). A significant percentage of respondents indicated to a lack of transparency and poor consistency in the process of awarding the funding and to insufficient information, which detailed the criteria for eligibility of applicants. Henceforth, the study concluded that municipal employee underutilized the AEP because of being ill informed about it. This resulted in the employee perception that the programme had little or no benefit to them and that it had no value in improving their human capital development. This finding is shown by a Chi-square goodness of fit test to be statistically significant (std=1.49150; mean=2.7500; p=.000).
The impact of sovereign credit rating downgrade to foreign direct investment in South Africa
Authors: Mugobo Virimai Victor , Mutize Misheck
Published: December 2016

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has grown to be an attractive alternative to borrowing from multilateral institutions such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund for emerging economies. Global investors prefer investing in countries which have received a Sovereign Credit Rating (SCR) as they perceive it as a good measure of risk allocation. This research applied an event study methodology to SCR downgrades from the three international CRAs (Moody, Standard and Poor and Fitch) over the period 2004 to 2014 to investigate the impact of SCR change on FDI flow into South Africa. Empirical findings show that there is a statistically significant relationship between FDI and SCR downgrades. Evidence also shows that not all downgrades from the three CRAs equally affect investors’ decisions as Moody’s downgrades tend to dominate, causing FDI to reaction at with a higher magnitude. However, not only SCR downgrade determines FDI flow into SA but there is a host of other fundamentals that government should address to attract investment and stabilise financial markets.
Reinsurance by short-term reinsurers in South Africa
Authors: Fernhout C. L. R. , Mostert Frederik J. , Mostert Jan Hendrik
Published: December 2016

The short-term reinsurance process usually involves three parties, namely the insurer, the reinsurer and the original policyholder, as the insurer cedes a part of the covered risk of the policyholder to the reinsurer. This research however addresses the perceptions of reinsurers regarding their reinsurance activities, where the reinsurer sells reinsurance to other insurance entities (viz. insurers and reinsurers), as well as buys reinsurance from other insurance entities. The crux of short-term reinsurance is therefore mutually loss sharing between the various insurance entities. The objective of this research focuses on the improvement of financial decision-making regarding the reinsurance operations of the reinsurers. To achieve this objective a literature study was undertaken to provide adequate background to compile a questionnaire for the empirical survey. The primary study embodies the perceptions of the South African short-term reinsurers regarding the following aspects: the various reasons why reinsurance occurs; the contracts / methods of reinsurance; the bases / forms of reinsurance; and the factors which determine the retention levels of a reinsurer. South Africa is classified as a developing economy, is a member of the BRICS countries and has an emerging market economy. The empirical results should therefore also be valuable to other countries which are classified similarly.
Global output gap and domestic inflation in China
Authors: Zhang Chengsi , Ji Xingchen , Dai Wensheng
Published: December 2016

This paper evaluates whether globalization has led to greater sensitivity of
Chinese consumer price inflation to the global output gap. The empirical
analysis uses quarterly data over the period 1995-2012. The global output gap
is measured by weighted output gap of China?s top eighteen trading partners.
Estimating Phillips curve models and vector autoregressive models, we find
that global capacity constraints have both explanatory and predictive power
for domestic consumer?s price inflation in China. Therefore, the central bank
of China should react to developments in global output gaps.
Thank You to All JOSPT Contributors for 2016
Authors: Abbott J. Haxby
Published: December 2016

On behalf of the many stakeholders in the Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT), including the Sections and international partners, readers, Editorial Board, and authors, Editor-in-Chief J. Haxby Abbott gives thanks and recognizes all of the many individuals who have contributed to the editorial process and content of JOSPT this past year.

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(12):1018–1020. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.0116
Aggressive surgery based on an anatomical subclassification of craniopharyngiomas
Authors: Morisako Hiroki , Goto Takeo , Goto Hiroyuki , Bohoun Christian Aisse , Tamrakar Samantha , Ohata Kenji
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVE

Craniopharyngiomas remain a particularly formidable challenge in the neurosurgical field. Because these lesions involve the hypothalamus and ophthalmological systems, their resection is associated with either higher rates of mortality and recurrence or a lower rate of radical resection. The authors report the outcomes of aggressive surgeries based on an anatomical subclassification of craniopharyngiomas.

METHODS

Clinical and ophthalmological examinations, imaging studies, endocrinological studies, neuropsychological function, and surgical complications in all patients who had undergone microsurgical resection for craniopharyngioma at Osaka City University hospital between January 2000 and December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed through the medical records. Radical resections were planned in all of the patients. To help choose the correct surgical approach, craniopharyngiomas were classified based on tumor origin. The 4 possible groups included the intrasellar type, prechiasmatic type, retrochiasmatic type, and intra–third ventricle type. A multistage surgery was planned in some cases.

RESULTS

Seventy-two cases of craniopharyngioma were resected. Thirty-two patients (44.4%) had undergone previous surgical procedures at other institutions. Thirty-five cases (48.6%) were classified as retrochiasmatic, 19 (26.4%) as prechiasmatic, 12 (16.7%) as intra–third ventricle, and 6 (8.3%) as intrasellar. In 26 cases (36.1%), multistage surgery was required to complete the radical resection. Overall, 41 cases involved an orbitozygomatic approach; 21, a transpetrosal approach; 21, an interhemispheric approach; and 14, a transsphenoidal approach. In 3 cases, other approaches were applied. Gross-total resection was achieved in 43 patients (59.7%), near-total resection in 28 (38.9%), and partial resection in only 1 patient (1.4%). The mean follow-up period after resection was 4.7 years. Tumor recurrence or regrowth occurred in 15 (20.8%) of the 72 patients, with 14 of the 15 cases successfully controlled after additional resections and stereotactic radiosurgery. However, 1 patient died of uncontrollable tumor progression, and 2 patients died of unrelated diseases during the follow-up. Overall, disease in 69 (95.8%) of 72 patients was well controlled at the last follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

Aggressive tumor resection is the authors' treatment policy for craniopharyngioma. Using an anatomical subclassification of craniopharyngioma to choose the most appropriate surgical approach is helpful in achieving that goal of aggressive resection.
Potential evolution of neurosurgical treatment paradigms for craniopharyngioma based on genomic and transcriptomic characteristics
Authors: Robinson Leslie C. , Santagata Sandro , Hankinson Todd C.
Published: December 2016

The recent genomic and transcriptomic characterization of human craniopharyngiomas has provided important insights into the pathogenesis of these tumors and supports that these tumor types are distinct entities. Critically, the insights provided by these data offer the potential for the introduction of novel therapies and surgical treatment paradigms for these tumors, which are associated with high morbidity rates and morbid conditions. Mutations in the CTNNB1 gene are primary drivers of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) and lead to the accumulation of β-catenin protein in a subset of the nuclei within the neoplastic epithelium of these tumors. Dysregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and of sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling in ACP suggest that paracrine oncogenic mechanisms may underlie ACP growth and implicate these signaling pathways as potential targets for therapeutic intervention using directed therapies. Recent work shows that ACP cells have primary cilia, further supporting the potential importance of SHH signaling in the pathogenesis of these tumors. While further preclinical data are needed, directed therapies could defer, or replace, the need for radiation therapy and/or allow for less aggressive surgical interventions. Furthermore, the prospect for reliable control of cystic disease without the need for surgery now exists. Studies of papillary craniopharyngioma (PCP) are more clinically advanced than those for ACP. The vast majority of PCPs harbor the BRAFv600e mutation. There are now 2 reports of patients with PCP that had dramatic therapeutic responses to targeted agents. Ongoing clinical and research studies promise to not only advance our understanding of these challenging tumors but to offer new approaches for patient management.
Management and outcome of recurrent adult craniopharyngiomas: an analysis of 42 cases with long-term follow-up
Authors: Turel Mazda K. , Tsermoulas Georgios , Gonen Lior , Klironomos George , Almeida Joao Paulo , Zadeh Gelareh , Gentili Fred
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVE

The treatment of recurrent and residual craniopharyngiomas is challenging. In this study the authors describe their experience with these tumors and make recommendations on their management.

METHODS

The authors performed an observational study of adult patients (≥ 18 years) with recurrent or residual craniopharyngiomas that were managed at their tertiary center. Retrospective data were collected on demographics and clinical, imaging, and treatment characteristics from patients who had a minimum 2-year follow-up. Descriptive statistics were used and the data were analyzed.

RESULTS

There were 42 patients (27 male, 15 female) with a mean age of 46.3 ± 14.3 years. The average tumor size was 3.1 ± 1.1 cm. The average time to first recurrence was 3.6 ± 5.5 years (range 0.2–27 years). One in 5 patients (8/42) with residual/recurrent tumors did not require any active treatment. Of the 34 patients who underwent repeat treatment, 12 (35.3%) had surgery only (transcranial, endoscopic, or both), 9 (26.5%) underwent surgery followed by adjuvant radiation therapy (RT), and 13 (38.2%) received RT alone. Eighty-six percent (18/21) had a gross-total (n = 4) or near-total (n = 14) resection of the recurrent/residual tumors and had good local control at last follow-up. One of 5 patients (7/34) who underwent repeat treatment had further treatment for a second recurrence. The total duration of follow-up was 8.6 ± 7.1 years. The average Karnofsky Performance Scale score at last follow-up was 80 (range 40–90). There was 1 death.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on this experience and in the absence of guidelines, the authors recommend an individualized approach for the treatment of symptomatic or growing tumors. This study has shown that 1 in 5 patients does not require repeat treatment of their recurrent/residual disease and can be managed with a “scan and watch” approach. On the other hand, 1 in 5 patients who had repeat treatment for their recurrence in the form of surgery and/or radiation will require further additional treatment. More studies are needed to best characterize these patients and predict the natural history of this disease and response to treatment.
Laboulbéniales (Ascomycètes) de Madagascar et des îles voisines (deuxième contribution)
Authors: Balazuc Jean
Published: December 2016

Présentation d'une liste de Carabiques de Madagascar (Pteros-tichidae Platyninae) parasités par des Laboulbéniales et description de Laboulbenia viettei récoltée sur Androyna.
Noise in NC-AFM measurements with significant tip–sample interaction
Authors: Lübbe Jannis , Temmen Matthias , Rahe Philipp , Reichling Michael
Published: December 2016

The frequency shift noise in non-contact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM) imaging and spectroscopy consists of thermal noise and detection system noise with an additional contribution from amplitude noise if there are significant tip–sample interactions. The total noise power spectral densityDΔf(fm) is, however, not just the sum of these noise contributions. Instead its magnitude and spectral characteristics are determined by the strongly non-linear tip–sample interaction, by the coupling between the amplitude and tip–sample distance control loops of the NC-AFM system as well as by the characteristics of the phase locked loop (PLL) detector used for frequency demodulation. Here, we measureDΔf(fm) for various NC-AFM parameter settings representing realistic measurement conditions and compare experimental data to simulations based on a model of the NC-AFM system that includes the tip–sample interaction. The good agreement between predicted and measured noise spectra confirms that the model covers the relevant noise contributions and interactions. Results yield a general understanding of noise generation and propagation in the NC-AFM and provide a quantitative prediction of noise for given experimental parameters. We derive strategies for noise-optimised imaging and spectroscopy and outline a full optimisation procedure for the instrumentation and control loops.
La Grande Guerre des soldats tuberculeux.
Authors: Darmon Pierre
Published: December 2016

Résumé Le 25 mars 1915, le Pr. Landouzy, éminent phtisiologue, lançait un cri d’alarme : les soldats tuberculeux sont légion et l’armée pourrait bien, dans les années à venir, libérer en France de formidables foyers de contagiosité. En effet, les conseils de révision sont mal équipés pour dépister le mal et se font un point d’honneur d’envoyer un maximum de « récupérés » au feu. Au fil des mois, le pullulement des « cracheurs » finit toutefois par inquiéter le service de santé. Pour les tuberculeux graves sont fondés des hôpitaux sanitaires aux allures de mouroirs. Les tuberculeux « latents » ou « ouverts » seront hébergés dans des stations sanitaires, sortes de sanatoriums de fortune, où, durant les trois mois qui précèdent la réforme, ils recevront une éducation hygiénique appropriée.
Célibataires et mères de nombreux enfants. Parcours de femmes à Lyon au xixe siècle
Authors: Brunet Guy
Published: December 2016

Résumé Cet article se propose d’étudier un comportement particulier, la forte fécondité de femmes non mariées au xix e siècle, et de s’interroger sur le déroulement de la vie de ces femmes. Le cadre est celui de la ville de Lyon où une forte proportion des naissances était issue de filles mères. Sur quelques décennies, une centaine de ces filles mères ont donné naissance, chacune, à au moins cinq enfants illégitimes. La reconstitution de l’histoire génésique de ces femmes permet de retracer leurs parcours résidentiels et d’approcher les réalités de leur vie quotidienne : grossesses répétées, travail peu qualifié, concubinage et/ou solitude, forte vulnérabilité, éventuellement prostitution occasionnelle. Toujours est-il que, en dépit de leur forte fécondité, ces femmes ne sont pas à la tête de familles nombreuses, du fait de la très forte mortalité qui frappe leurs enfants.
Sexe, parenté et politique dans une vallée alpine au xixe siècle
Authors: Guzzi-Heeb Sandro
Published: December 2016

Résumé L’enquête commence par une relecture des aventures du faux-monnayeur Joseph-Samuel Farinet en Valais (Suisse) dans les années 1870. Selon les témoignages de l’époque, la sympathie des femmes fut un atout décisif pour le faux-monnayeur : elles lui donnaient à manger et à boire, l’aidaient et le soutenaient. L’attrait sexuel de Farinet a d’ailleurs grandement contribué à son succès et aux mythes qu’il a inspirés. De ce point de vue, l’histoire du faux-monnayeur est intéressante. En effet, une analyse plus précise montre que les femmes avec lesquelles il était en contact étaient issues de familles très particulières du point de vue de leurs comportements sexuels : des familles qui avaient mis au monde plusieurs enfants illégitimes ou conçus hors mariage. La majorité de ces « familles » ou groupes parentaux comptaient plusieurs membres dans le milieu libéral-radical. On peut donc observer une relation claire entre comportements sexuels et attitudes politiques. L’enquête permet donc d’intégrer des variables trop souvent négligées, comme la vie sexuelle, dans l’interprétation historique. Des facteurs tels que la liberté de comportement par rapport à la morale catholique, l’attitude par rapport à l’autre sexe, deviennent dans cette perspective des variables influentes de la vie politique et sociale.
Contester l'autorité parentale : les vocations religieuses forcées au XVIII e siècle en France
Authors: Roger Alexandra
Published: December 2016

Au xviii e siècle, l’autorité parentale s’exprime de manière absolue dans le cadre de la famille patriarcale. Cette autorité est normalement exercée par le père, mais elle peut, à la mort de ce dernier, revenir à la mère, à un frère aîné ou à tout autre parent occupant la fonction de curateur. Elle permet en particulier à celui qui la détient de faire respecter sa volonté en ce qui concerne le placement et la carrière des enfants en recourant, si nécessaire, aux intimidations physiques ou psychologiques. Cependant, cette autorité légitimée et renforcée par le pouvoir royal, se trouve remise en cause dans les cas de vocations religieuses forcées. En effet, les enfants ayant prononcé leurs vœux de religion sous le poids de la contrainte parentale peuvent entamer une procédure de réclamation auprès d’une officialité pour quitter leur état et regagner le siècle. Une telle démarche, rendue possible par l’Église, suite aux dispositions du concile de Trente, est perçue comme une menace potentielle pour l’ordre de la société. On comprend alors pourquoi les affaires considérées suscitent l’intervention des institutions étatiques qui, bien que représentant le pouvoir royal, ne sont pas unanimes sur cette question. Comment les différentes autorités judiciaires du royaume sont-elles sollicitées et statuent-elles sur ces demandes d’annulation de vœux de religion?? Comment les parents ont-ils forcé leurs enfants à prononcer leurs vœux?? En quoi les conflits entre la justice royale et la justice ecclésiastique, mais également au sein même des instances de la justice royale entre le Conseil du roi et le Parlement, participent-ils à la régulation juridique de l’autorité parentale et à la redéfinition de la parentalité??
L'appel à la sage-femme. La construction d'un agent de santé publique (France, xix e siècle)
Authors: Sage-Pranchère Nathalie
Published: December 2016

À l’orée du xix e siècle, la réforme de l’enseignement et de l’exercice de la médecine crée les conditions d’une professionnalisation rapide et homogène des sages-femmes. Seule composante féminine du corps médical, les sages-femmes bénéficient, en contrepartie de leur obligation de formation et de diplôme, de la reconnaissance et de la protection de l’État. Plus que les médecins ou les officiers de santé, elles suscitent l’intérêt et le contrôle des administrations départementales et locales qui s’impliquent dans le financement de leur instruction et attendent d’elles en retour une forme de service public. Les sages-femmes assument ainsi tour à tour un devoir d’assistance médicale, un rôle de contrôle social et de prévention sanitaire, d’autant plus indispensables qu’elles sont souvent le seul personnel médical disponible en milieu rural. Toutefois, cette quasi « fonctionnarisation » des accoucheuses n’empêche pas le maintien d’une méfiance vis-à-vis de cette profession et de sa possible sollicitude coupable à l’égard du refus de l’enfant (avortement, infanticide, abandon).
Vieillir : Les apports de la démographie historique et de l’histoire de la famille
Authors: Oris Michel , Dubert Isidro , Viret Jérôme-Luther
Published: December 2016

Ce bilan des recherches en démographie historique et histoire de la famille considère la vieillesse et le vieillissement. Il embrasse le temps long des représentations, des réalités socioéconomiques et de leurs interrelations. Il met en évidence des discours et des normes chargés d’ambivalence, des inscriptions idéologiques, des différenciations sociales. L’articulation des parcours et des phases de vie avec les dynamiques familiales est interrogée à partir de l’hypothèse de la dureté de la famille nucléaire. Le xix e siècle et la première moitié du xx e siècle forment une période complexe, entre continuités et ruptures. Les évolutions depuis 1945 sont impressionnantes, toujours ambivalentes, et bien mieux comprises grâce au regard historique.
Modélisation d'une interaction individus, espace et société par les systèmes multi-agents : pâture en forêt virtuelle
Authors: Bonnefoy Jean-Luc , Bousquet François , Rouchier Juliette
Published: December 2016

Résumé Un système multi-agents permet de construire des modèles où les actions d’individus virtuels sont spatialisées et autonomes. Il est possible de mettre en place une interaction entre les représentations dynamiques que ces individus ou le groupe ont de l’espace et les contraintes que la collectivité leur impose. Dans cet exemple, nous avons simulé l’usage de la forêt par une communauté de bergers, chacun ayant un troupeau. Les résultats qui apparaissent au niveau global montrent qu’il existe une rétroaction très forte entre la manière de construire les représentations utilisées pour les choix d’actions — au niveau individuel ou collectif —, l’impact que celles-ci ont sur la structuration de l’espace et la transformation en retour des représentations elles-mêmes. Nous concluons sur le fait que cette technique de simulation se montre tout à fait adaptée à tester les hypothèses géographiques souhaitées.
Geography, tropicality and postcolonialism: Anglophone and Francophone readings of the work of Pierre Gourou
Authors: Clayton Daniel , Bowd Gavin
Published: December 2016

Résumé La lecture de l’œuvre de Pierre Gourou révèle l’influence qu’ont les constructions critiques de la ‘tropicalité’ et du post-colonialisme sur la géographie anglophone et francophone. Cet article montre comment l’interprétation francophone de Gourou a été articulée en termes disciplinaires et souligne l’absence d’une forte orientation postcoloniale au sein de la géographie française, tandis qu’une littérature anglophone sur la tropicalité a tendu à caricaturer l’engagement de Pierre Gourou et de la géographie tropicale française. L’article souligne enfin la nécessité d’un dialogue anglo-français sur cette question de la tropicalité en géographie.
Distribution de la température et de la végétation en baie du Roi, Svalbard (79˚N). Mise en place d'une approche spatiale formalisée
Authors: Joly Daniel , Nilsen Lennart , Elvebakk Arve , Brossard Thierry
Published: December 2016

Résumé Le changement climatique est un problème majeur, surtout en Arctique. Ce constat global doit être précisé afin d’appréhender les conséquences du phénomène car son impact se module dans l’espace selon les caractéristiques propres à chaque milieu. L’aire d’étude est située au Svalbard où des données, de différentes sources, sont collectées sur le terrain. Elles sont ensuite traitées au sein d’un système d’information géographique afin de modéliser les variations spatiales à grande échelle de la température et de la végétation.
La marche en ville. Une histoire de sens
Authors: Thomas Rachel
Published: December 2016

Résumé La thématique de la marche en ville occupe la littérature du xix e siècle. Au point qu’aujourd’hui, la figure du flâneur de Benjamin domine encore nos représentations. Pour autant, si marcher en ville requiert un art du voir dont le flâneur demeure un artiste accompli, il engage aussi le corps et les sens du piéton. Le propos de cet article est de révéler cette dimension sensorielle de la marche. Il s’appuie sur une lecture des travaux récents de l’anthropologie, de la sociologie et de l’urbanisme. Décrite comme une « technique du corps », comme un « acte social ordinaire », la marche reste « l’instrument de composition de la ville ». Elle demeure surtout un moyen de s’ancrer à la ville.
La distribution du peuplement en Amazonie brésilienne : l'apport des données par secteur de recensement
Authors: Le Tourneau François-Michel
Published: December 2016

Résumé À partir des données du comptage de la population 2007 publiées au niveau des secteurs, nous proposons ici une approche du peuplement de l’Amazonie brésilienne, basé sur une série de questions simples : « qui vit en forêt ? », « les populations se concentrent-elles dans les zones défrichées ? » ou bien « l’Amazonie est-elle un désert humain ? ». La première partie de l’article est consacrée à la présentation des données, des méthodes et des enjeux liés à la question traitée. La deuxième présente certaines données du recensement. La troisième croise ces données avec d’autres couches d’information géographique, en particulier la carte de la déforestation.
Tati, théoricien de l'urbain et Hulot, habitant
Authors: Martouzet Denis , Laffont Georges-Henry
Published: December 2016

Résumé Jacques Tati a accompagné les mutations de la société française des années 1950-1970 et, dans Mon oncle et Playtime , il en a croqué les traits les plus criants pour aider à comprendre ce qui travaillait cette société. Son œil critique est féroce mais les auteurs de cet article montrent que si les différentes modalités urbaines sont également égratignées, la fabrique de la ville et ses concepteurs, en sont les principales cibles : ce sont surtout la planification et le projet qui sont examinés. Ils traduisent une accélération passant à côté des aspects humains, relationnels et communicationnels qui montrent que l’homme ne s’épanouit que si la ville dépasse les considérations techniques.
Les Reclus et la maison Hachette : la première agence de la géographie française ?
Authors: Ferretti Federico
Published: December 2016

Résumé Élisée Reclus, dans un article de 1872, définit le directeur du Tour du Monde , Édouard Charton, comme « l’éducateur de la nation », en vertu de la culture géographique que sa revue est la seule à répandre en ce moment. On sait que presque tous les principaux géographes français de la seconde moitié du xix e siècle ont publié chez Hachette. Peut-on dire que cette maison d’édition constitue la principale agence de production d’un savoir géographique national avant qu’il ne s’institutionnalise dans les universités ? Quel rôle ont joué dans cette tâche des géographes qui, comme Élisée Reclus, sont considérés souvent comme des « marginaux » ? Nous appuierons notre analyse sur les archives et les publications d’Hachette de la seconde moitié du xix e siècle.
Les enquêtes par questionnaire en géographie de l'environnement
Authors: Goeldner-Gianella Lydie , Humain-Lamoure Anne-Lise
Published: December 2016

Résumé En France, l’enquête par questionnaire semble peu mobilisée dans les recherches géographiques au regard d’autres techniques d’enquête, tout particulièrement en géographie de l’environnement. Nous avons cherché à expliquer ce retard, autant qu’à le dépasser. Ainsi, après une présentation de l’utilité et de l’utilisation des questionnaires en géographie en général, puis dans le champ spécifique de l’environnement, nous examinons les apports et les difficultés de cette technique, notamment en termes de spatialisation, avant de proposer quelques pistes améliorant la construction des questionnaires, tant en termes d’échantillonnage et de vocabulaire que par le recours à un système d’information multi-sources.
Analyse des processus conflictuels
Authors: Cadoret Anne
Published: December 2016

Résumé Depuis la fin des années 1990, le conflit est de plus en plus un objet d’étude investi par les géographes. Sur la base d’un panorama des travaux menés en géographie des conflits, nous situons nos travaux et proposons une approche qui complète les démarches monographiques ou comparatives. Cet article vise à montrer la pertinence d’une étude des processus antagoniques à une échelle méso, à proposer une méthodologie et à présenter les résultats de l’analyse des conflits d’usage liés à l’environnement, sur le littoral du Languedoc-Roussillon : il met en évidence les caractéristiques des conflictualités (causes, manifestations, régulations) et les liens entre conflits et territorialités.
L'anticipation du changement en prospective et des changements spatiaux en géoprospective
Authors: Voiron-Canicio Christine
Published: December 2016

Résumé À l’heure où les modèles économiques et financiers en vigueur sont remis en question pour leur incapacité à anticiper les événements extrêmes et, en conséquence, les crises, cet article engage une réflexion sur la question de l’anticipation du changement et plus précisément des changements spatiaux en géoprospective. Une analyse critique des démarches, théories et pratiques empiriques permettant d’estimer les changements futurs, qu’ils soient considérés comme probables ou comme possibles, est réalisée. L’attention est plus particulièrement portée sur la signification du changement spatial et sur la question de l’émergence spatiale. De nouvelles perspectives de recherche, alliant quantitatif et qualitatif, sont également proposées.