bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Initial Corrosion Behavior of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy in Chloride and Sulfate Solutions
Authors: Chen Huan-Wen , Lin Han , Huang Chao-Yu , Shi Chian-Huei , Lin Chao-Sung
Published: August 2022

The initial corrosion of Mg alloys is important for the conversion coating treatment, by which the conversion coating is formed in a few minutes of immersion in the conversion solution. This study detailed the initial corrosion of AZ31B Mg alloy in chloride and sulfate solutions by acquiring the open circuit potential, optical image and hydrogen evolution, together with the post-immersion TEM and XPS characterization. Before the breakdown of the surface film, more hydrogen evolved in the SO4
2− solution than in Cl− solution, and the corrosion products formed in the former were thicker than in the latter. The initial corrosion of AZ31B was thus more severe in SO4
2− solution than in Cl− solution, which is different from the typical role of Cl− ions in metal corrosion. Local attack at nanometric scales was observed in Cl− solution, but not in SO4
2− solution. The presence of SO4
2− in Cl− solution mitigated local attack and the corrosion products were more uniform, due to the competitive adsorption effect of SO4
2−.
Chronic intermittent hypoxia promotes early intrahepatic endothelial impairment in rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Hernández-Bustabad Alberto , Morales-Arraez Dalia , González-Paredes Francisco Javier , Abrante Beatriz , Díaz-Flores Felicitas , Abreu-González Pedro , de la Barreda Raquel , Quintero Enrique , Hernández-Guerra Manuel
Published: August 2022

We believe the findings are of relevance because we demonstrate that chronic intermittent hypoxia further augments impaired hepatic endothelial dysfunction in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease rats. Because obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is associated with systemic endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular disorders, and chronic intermittent hypoxia is an independent and reversible risk factor for hypertension and coronary artery disease, we hypothesized that this entity may be of potential relevance in the pathophysiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
The bioelectrical conduction system around the ileocecal junction defined through in vivo high-resolution mapping in rabbits
Authors: Miller Kiara J. W. , Cheng Leo K. , Angeli-Gordon Timothy R. , Avci Recep , Paskaranandavadivel Niranchan
Published: August 2022

Competing slow wave pacemakers were observed in the terminal ileum and sacculus rotundus. Prevalent oral propagation in the sacculus rotundus toward the terminal ileum potentially acts as a brake mechanism limiting outflow. Slow waves and periods of quiescence at the ileocecal junction suggest that activation may depend on the coregulatory flow and distention pathways. Slow waves and spike bursts in the cecum impart a role in the coordination of motility.
Study on the Mechanism of circRNA‐0024103 Reducing Endothelial Cell Injury by Regulating miR‐363/MMP‐10
Authors: Tian Yunfei , Zheng Guofu , Xie Hailiang , Guo Yi , Zeng Hui , Fu Youlin , Liu Xiaochun
Published: August 2022

Cardiovascular diseases could damage the heart and blood vessels, which cause mortality and morbidity. It is of great significance to explore targeted therapeutic approaches for atherosclerosis that is one of the most common vascular lesions and the main pathological basis of cardiovascular disease. However, the function of circRNA‐0024103 in cardiovascular diseases is still not clear. Therefore, we aim to observe the effect of circRNA‐0024103 modulation of miR‐363/MMP‐10 axis on biological behaviors such as proliferation and migration of endothelial cells after ox‐LDL induction. The effects on the proliferation ability of endothelial cells were observed by CCK‐8 assay and EdU assay based on overexpression of circRNA‐0024103 in combination with miR‐363 mimic or MMP‐10 siRNA, and then, the effects on apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry analysis. The effects on cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis were further examined by scratch assay, transwell assay, and tube formation assay. The results in CCK‐8 and EdU assays showed that miR‐363 mimic or MMP‐10siRNA significantly attenuated the proliferation‐promoting effect of overexpressed circRNA‐0024103 on cell proliferation. In flow cytometry assays to detect apoptosis, overexpression of circRNA‐0024103 inhibited apoptosis of endothelial cells, and the intervention of combined miR‐363 mimic or MMP‐10 siRNA counteracted the inhibitory effect of overexpression of circRNA‐0024103 on apoptosis, resulting in a significant increase in the number of endothelial cells undergoing apoptosis. The migration, invasion, and tube‐forming ability of endothelial cells were significantly enhanced when circRNA‐0024103 was overexpressed, while the promotion of migration, invasion, and the tube‐forming ability by overexpression of circRNA‐0024103 alone was counteracted when combined with miR‐363 mimic or MMP‐10 siRNA. circRNA‐0024103 regulates the biological behaviors of endothelial cells such as proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion through the miR‐363/MMP‐10 axis. Our finding provides a new therapeutic target for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
Study on the Adsorption Performance and Adsorption Mechanism of Graphene Oxide by Red Sandstone in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Li Na , Dai WenHao , Kang HaiBo , Lv Beifeng , Jiang Ping , Wang Wei
Published: August 2022

In order to deal with the increasingly serious pollution of graphene oxide (GO) to the environment. In this paper, the use of red sandstone to treat GO-contaminated aqueous solution is proposed for the first time, and the adsorption capacity and adsorption mechanism of red sandstone to GO are discussed. The controlled variable method was used to explore the optimal pH, concentration, and quality of red sandstone for GO aqueous solution. The adsorption isotherm, thermodynamics, and adsorption kinetics were fitted. Adsorption characterization tests were performed using XRD, AFM, XPS, FT-IR, SAP, TEM, SAP, laser particle size analyzer, and SEM. The results show that when [Formula: see text], the optimum adsorption condition of red sandstone for GO is [Formula: see text], the mass of the adsorbent is 40 mg, and when the concentration of GO is 80 mg/L, the adsorption capacity is 90 mg/g. The adsorption isotherm model fits the Langmuir model. The adsorption thermodynamic experiments and fitting results show that the reaction is endothermic. XRD and FT-IR tests showed that CaCO3 in red sandstone was involved in the adsorption of GO. SEM, TEM, and AFM microscopic results showed that GO was adsorbed on the surface of red sandstone particles. The XPS test showed that Ca2+ in red sandstone and C=O bond in GO undergo ionic or coordination reaction. The adsorption kinetics fit a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. This study will provide some references for the removal of GO in the environment and the interaction mechanism with natural minerals.
Study on Micro-Nano Pore Characteristics and Classification of Tight Sandstone Reservoir Based on Q-Cluster
Authors: Ge Jing , Zhao Wanchun , Wang Tingting , Cai Tiantian , Cong Zhicheng , Bai Yujie , Gu Haipeng
Published: August 2022

To realize the quantitative classification and comprehensive evaluation of the tight oil reservoir in the 4th of Quantou Formation in Songliao Basin, the pore structure of tight oil reservoir was quantitatively analyzed. In this study, experiments based on the constant-speed mercury injection, nuclear magnetic resonance, and micron CT are based on the observation of cast thin sections, and scanning electron microscope is conducted. The result shows that a tight oil reservoir space is mainly composed of the intergranular dissolved pore, residual intergranular pore, and intragranular dissolve pore. There are few intercrystalline pore and fracture at the same time. The average pore radius is 1.28~4.58 μm, and the average throat radius is 0.52~1.27 μm. Hence, there is a typical micro-nano throat combination with micropores. The pore throat composition and pore structure of reservoirs differ in reservoir with different physical properties. The reservoir quality depends on pore structure especially the throat radius. And the microthroat is a critical factor for permeability. Based on Q-cluster analysis, tight oil reservoirs are classified into three types. The analysis was based on the data such as max throat radius, average throat radius, displacement pressure, median pressure, and permeability. Finally, the reservoirs in the study area are mainly II and I types.
The Association between Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and All-Cause Mortality in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients: Analysis from the MIMIC-IV Database
Authors: Wu Shaosheng , Shi Xiaoting , Zhou Quan , Duan Xiangjie , Zhang Xiongfei , Guo Huajing
Published: August 2022

Purpose. Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a devastating disease and remains the leading cause of death and disability. This retrospective study aims to investigate associations between systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and all-cause mortality in patients with AIS. Patients and Methods. We used the data from Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV. A total of 1,181 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) were included. Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) was calculated as platelet count (/L) × neutrophil count (/L)/lymphocyte count (/L). The main outcomes were 30-day all-cause mortality. The association between SII with mortality was evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results. After adjusting for potential covariates, the highest quartiles of SII versus the lowest quartiles of SII, the HR was 2.74 (CI 1.79–4.19,

P
<
0.001

). Log-transformed SII was significantly associated with 30-day all-cause mortality (HR 2.44; CI 1.72–3.46,

P
<
0.001

). Furthermore, we found that there is a nearly linear relationship (

P
=
0.265

) between logarithmic transformed SII with all-cause mortality. Conclusion. Elevated SII of patients with acute ischemic stroke increased the risk of 30-day all-cause mortality. SII may serve as a useful marker to elucidate the role of thrombocytosis, inflammation, and immunity interaction in the development of AIS.
Dental and Maxillofacial Manifestations of Axenfeld–Rieger Syndrome: Presentation of a Case in a 5-Year-Old Girl
Authors: Ardila Carlos-Martín , Álvarez-Martínez Efraín
Published: August 2022

In this case study, the dental and maxillofacial manifestations of a 5-year-old girl with Axenfeld–Rieger syndrome (ARS) are described. This syndrome is characterized by craniomaxillofacial, ocular, dental, and umbilical disorders. The patient presented ocular dyscoria and corectopia, iris abnormalities, midface hypoplasia with a thin upper lip, and a protruded lower lip. Hyperplastic maxillary labial frenulum, oligodontia, ghost teeth, bilateral Class III molar and canine relationship, and right posterior crossbite were also found. An everted umbilicus with redundant periumbilical skin was evident. Early diagnosis of ARS is essential to establishing preventive and corrective measures that provide a good quality of life for patients who suffer from this syndrome.
Pregnant Mothers Diversified Dietary Intake and Associated Factors in Southwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tariku Yihun , Baye Kaleab
Published: August 2022

Background. Dietary diversity is very critical for fetal growth and development, as well as for the health and wellbeing of the mother. In Ethiopia, 41% of pregnant mothers consume diversified diets. There has been no study assessing whether pregnant women in southwest Ethiopia consume a varied diet. Objective. To estimate the proportion of adequate diversified dietary intake and to determine whether there is an association between diversified dietary intake and mothers’ social capital. Design. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 367 pregnant women in South West Ethiopia. A 24-hour multiple-pass dietary recall method was used to measure dietary intake and the 10 food groups of FANTA/FAO 2016 were used to analyze dietary diversity. Social capital was assessed based on the number of social networks in which a mother participated. Result. The proportion of diversified dietary intake was 14.7% (95% CI: 11.1, 18.3). Pregnant mothers who had social capital, had their own income, had emotional support from their husbands, were from a rich family, and had a frequent dietary intake were statistically associated with a diversified dietary intake, with an AOR of 7.8 (95% CI 1.02, 2.3 (95% CI 1.12, 4.44), 4.0, (95% CI 1.16, 13.7), 59.19), 2.3 (95% CI 1.04, 5.26), and 1.5 (95% CI 1.04, 2.07), respectively. Conclusion. Diversified dietary intake was found to be lower than previously reported, and it was associated with social capital. Methodologically rigorous studies are required to verify the association between social capital and adequate diversified dietary intake.
Clinical Effect of Bone Filling Mesh Container Vertebroplasty in Osteoporotic Compression Fracture
Authors: Wang Zhiqian , Li Guomin , He Jingming , Huang Haifeng , Zhao Anju
Published: August 2022

Objective. To investigate the clinical application of bone filling mesh container vertebroplasty in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). Methods. Patients with OVCF from October 2018 to April 2020 were selected. Patients in the control and study groups underwent percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) and bone filling mesh container vertebroplasty, respectively. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA), visual analog scale (VAS) scores before and after surgery, and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results. The operation time and fluoroscopy time of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group (

P
<
0.05

). There was no significant difference in the injection volume of bone cement between the study group and the control group (

P
>
0.05

). There was no significant difference in Cobb angle between the two groups. Three months after the operation, the height of the anterior edge increased and the Cobb angle decreased in the two groups (

P
<
0.05

), but there was no significant difference in the height of the anterior edge and the Cobb angle between the two groups (

P
>
0.05

). The JOA scores increased, while the ODI and VAS scores decreased in both groups after surgery (

P
<
0.05

). There was no significant difference in the total effective rate between the study group (96.15%) and the control group (92.31%) (

P
>
0.05

). The incidence of complications in the study group (3.85%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (15.38%) (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusions. For the treatment of OVCFs, bone filling mesh container vertebroplasty is comparable to PKP in terms of functional recovery, but it can safely reduce operative time, fluoroscopy time, and complication rates.
Neuropathic Pain Relief after Surgical Neurolysis in Patients with Traumatic Brachial Plexus Injuries: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Armas-Salazar Armando , Téllez-León Noe , García-Jerónimo Ana Isabel , Villegas-López Francisco Alberto , Navarro-Olvera José Luis , Carrillo-Ruiz José Damián
Published: August 2022

Objective. To evaluate the usefulness of surgical neurolysis for neuropathic pain relief in patients with posttraumatic brachial plexus injury (BPI). Methods. A prospective, longitudinal, nonrandomized, self-controlled before and after study was performed to evaluate the pain changes according to their intensity using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and the sensory recovery after surgery using the British Medical Research Council (BMRC) scale for sensory recovery. To establish significant changes, a paired T-test was performed, and in order to determine the magnitude of these changes, an effect size was measured. α = 0.05. Results. Ten patients were included with an average follow-up of 61.9 ± 53.62 months. The main mechanism of injury was vehicular trauma (70%). A significant decrease in pain after the surgical intervention was observed resulting from an average preoperative state according to VAS of 8.4 ± 1.58, to a postoperative state of 3.4 ± 3.27 (59.52%, p = 0.005, Δ = 1.572), added to a mean sensory improvement (25%) from 2.8 ± 1.62 to 3.5 ± 0.97 after surgery according to BMRC, without statistically significant changes (

p
=
0.062

), showing a moderate effect size (Δ = 0.413). Almost all patients showed improvement in the continuous and paroxysmal pattern of pain. No postoperative complications were observed. Discussion. These results suggest that in cases of BPI that originates from a compressive syndrome secondary to the posttraumatic fibrosis that surrounds the nerve structures causing strangulation and inducing hypernociception, the use of surgical neurolysis is an appropriate alternative for patients with medically refractory neuropathic pain.
Comprehensive Health Evaluation Model of Art Psychotherapy Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Fupeng , Liu Xia
Published: August 2022

In order to explore the real effect of art mental health therapy, this paper proposes a feature selection algorithm based on genetic algorithm. The algorithm takes college students as the research object and discusses the effect of psychotherapy on college students through painting art therapy. The results showed that there were extremely significant differences in EPQ extraversion factors among the people treated with the educational intervention of art psychology course (

P
<
0.01

), and there was no significant change in other factors (

P
>
0.05

). There was no significant change in total depression score and depression index (

P
>
0.05

). There were significant differences in social avoidance factors and social anxiety (

P
<
0.05

), and there were relatively significant differences in the total score of sadness (

P
<
0.01

). It is concluded that the use of artistic elements can effectively help people express themselves and express their psychological emotions, which has a certain effect in mental health treatment.
Development of Integrated Choice and Latent Variable (ICLV) Models Using Matrix-Based Analytic Approximation and Automatic Differentiation Methods on TensorFlow Platform
Authors: Ma Jie , Ye Xin , Huang Kun
Published: August 2022

This study further explores the multinomial probit-based integrated choice and latent variable (ICLV) models. The LDLT matrix-based analytic approximation methods, including Mendell and Elston (ME) method, bivariate ME (BME) method, and two-variate bivariate screening (TVBS) method, were adapted to calculate the multivariate cumulative normal distribution (MVNCD) function in the ICLV model because of the better performances in accuracy and computational time. Integrated with the composite marginal likelihood (CML) estimation approach, the ICLV model based on high-dimensional integration can be estimated accurately within a reasonable time. In this study, some three-alternative and four-alternative ICLV models are simulated to examine their abilities to recover model parameters. It is found that the parameter estimates and standard error estimates are acceptable for both models and the computational time is expected to decrease using tensor data structures on the TensorFlow platform. For the four-alternative ICLV models, the TVBS method has the highest level of accuracy. The BME method is also a good alternative to TVBS if computational time is of great concern. The application of the automatic differentiation (AD) technique in the model can free researchers from coding analytical gradients of log-likelihood functions and thereby greatly reduce the workload of researchers.
Effects of Geometry of Plenum Chamber on Losses in the Bleed System of an Axial Compressor
Authors: Shi Yuancheng , Kong Qingguo , Jia Wei
Published: August 2022

To study how the geometry of the plenum chamber in the bleed system of an axial compressor influences the losses therein and to establish a theoretical loss model for this system, a 1.5-stage axial compressor with a bleed system is studied numerically by means of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The results show that losses in the bleed system occur mainly in the axisymmetric bleed slot and plenum chamber, accounting for ca. 85% of the total loss. For a bleed system with a vertical axisymmetric slot, the loss is more sensitive to the radial height than to the axial width of the plenum chamber. A loss model for each part of the bleed system is established via theoretical analysis, and then, a model of the overall bleed system is established by combining these submodels. The predictions of the theoretical loss model agree well with the CFD results: the maximum prediction error for the coefficient of the stagnation pressure loss in the bleed system is −1.38%, and the average prediction error is −0.8%. This loss model can be used when designing the geometry of a bleed system.
Modeling of Interactive Teaching and Learning System for Students Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Liu Jiaming , Zou Han
Published: August 2022

In order to improve the interactive effect of modern teaching, this paper combines the artificial intelligence interactive technology to model the teaching interactive process and designs and analyzes the system static test of the infrared feature threshold online monitoring system. Moreover, this paper performs beam-expanding shaping on the output feature and increases the shaping optical path and the uniform optical path to make the infrared spot energy distribution relatively uniform and reduce the error when observing the loss threshold. The software part takes the spot shift threshold and quadrant amplitude threshold as the design basis of the upper computer threshold judgment algorithm. In addition, this paper designs an interactive teaching and learning system for students based on artificial intelligence. The research results show that the interactive teaching and learning system for students based on artificial intelligence has an obvious role in promoting modern teaching.
Influencing Factors Analysis of Collaborative Development Level of New Retail and Cold Chain Distribution of Agricultural Products under Low-Carbon
Authors: Ye Fenfang , Zhao Jing
Published: August 2022

With the annual growth of agricultural products， which has greatly met People’s daily needs. It is of great practical significance to introduce the low-carbon concept into the retail and cold chain logistics of agricultural products. However, few studies have designed the coupling relationship between the new retail of agricultural products and the development of cold chain distribution. In this context, this work uses principal component analysis (PCA) to extract the common core factors that affect the operational benefits of cold chain low-carbon distribution and the consumer experience of new agricultural retail. Then, the coupling linkage model of cold chain low-carbon distribution and new retail of agricultural products was constructed by using grey correlation analysis. Finally, a new retail and agricultural products cold chain coupling mechanism under low-carbon distribution is designed. The work is helpful to improve the new downstream supply chain retail enterprise management ability of agricultural products, promote cold-chain distribution business benefit and business value, and also helps to promote the implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating and promote the country. This study is conducive to improving the downstream supply chain management ability of new agricultural retail enterprises, enhancing the cold chain distribution business efficiency and business value, and ultimately promoting the implementation of a rural revitalization strategy.
Grid Information Integration Platform of Student Dormitory Based on Edge Computing
Authors: Su QingShan
Published: August 2022

In order to solve the problem that the average response time of the grid information integration platform in student dormitories is too long, a grid information integration platform for student dormitory based on edge computing is proposed. In terms of hardware, on the basis of clarifying the principle of edge computing, the overall framework of the platform is built based on the B/S structure. The central unit, power supply circuit, LCD display, signal processor, and power supply of voltage regulator in the framework are optimized. In terms of software, a three-level data integration model combined with a two-way mapping strategy is used to establish a grid warehouse in student dormitories. Based on the distributed link structure and the principle of management domain, the distributed data acquisition technology is designed to collect the grid information of students’ dormitory in real time and store it in the warehouse. Using the IFB tree structure in the edge computing branch, the edge computing data query model is constructed. Finally, the grid information integration algorithm of student dormitory is designed to realize the grid information integration of student dormitory. The platform test results show that the average response time of the design platform is less than 2.426 s, which meets the timeliness requirements of data integration management.
[Retracted] Rapid Control of Government Economic Environment Management Cost Based on Balanced Score Card
Authors: Wang Yumei , Shen Zhirong , Zhou Yicheng
Published: August 2022

EMC (economic management cost) of the government has become a hot topic of concern from all walks of life. Controlling and reducing government EMC is the requirement for building a conservation‐oriented society and deepening the reform of public budget. Dynamic cost accounting calculates the cost of cost objects through the confirmation, measurement, and distribution of production costs. In this article, it is innovatively proposed to integrate BSC (balanced score card) into EMC control, and analyze the logical relationship between system objectives and functions by using the mathematical model. Based on GA (genetic algorithm) cost optimization control concept and specific control ideas, individuals who meet the evolutionary characteristics are stored in the crossover database and participate in crossover operation as parents when crossing. In order to improve the local optimization ability of the algorithm, parallel mutation operation mechanism is introduced, which can execute multiple mutation rules at the same time. The results show that the average convergence time of this algorithm is 0.186s and the variance of population fitness is 288.19. The conclusion shows that the algorithm proposed in this article can overcome the problems of slow convergence speed, low accuracy, and local convergence of GA, and effectively improve the overall performance of the algorithm.
Research on the Brushless Excitation System with Linear Current Amplifier Characteristics
Authors: Fan Wei , Fang Yiqun , Yang Yuanyuan , Liu Xiangsheng , Ji Xiutao
Published: August 2022

In terms of improving the dynamic response characteristics of brushless AC synchronous generators, the concept of integrated design of AC exciter and rotating rectifier and their electromagnetic characteristics are studied, and the conditions and judgment methods for determining their operating modes are obtained in theoretical design and simulation design, pointing out that when the brushless excitation system operates in or is close to mode III, i.e., the rectifier always has three or four diodes in each operating cycle. The linear current amplifier characteristics can be basically achieved when the brushless excitation system is operated in mode III or is close to mode III, i.e., the rectifier always has three or four diodes alternating in each operating cycle. The impact of the key parameters of the AC exciter at different rotational speeds and temperatures on the characteristics of the linear current amplifier was explored, and an engineering prototype was manufactured. The related test verified the correctness of the concept of integrated electromagnetic design and simulation calculation. This study provides an engineered design method for enhancing the dynamic response properties of the brushless AC synchronous generators.
Central Composite Design of Spraying Process to Laminate the Paper Substrates with Cellulose Nanofibers (CNF) as Green Packaging Wrap
Authors: Qureshi Waseem Akhtar , Radjarejesri S. , Shanmugam Kirubanandan , Elavarasan Pandian , Gowrishankar M. , Gebeyehu Kaleab Bizuneh
Published: August 2022

Green packaging wrap is now required to replace the synthetic plastic coating on the paper substrates. The coating of natural biopolymers on the paper substrates would be a potential method to achieve an ecofriendly coating to replace the synthetic materials which give a threat to the environment. Recently, spraying cellulose nanofiber (CNF) on the paper substrates to boost the barrier and mechanical properties of the paper is a flexible process and potential for scalability. Sprayed cellulose nanofibrils fill the surface pores of the paper substrates and form a barrier film on the paper surface. The spray‐coated CNF barrier film on the paper substrates reduced the air passage and increased the mechanical strength. To scale up the process of spraying, the optimization was performed via response surface methodology to investigate the interaction between input variables and their response in spraying process. The variables impacting on the barrier performance, CNF coat weight, and thickness of the coat during spraying are CNF suspension concentration (A), fiber diameter (B), and spray distance from tip to the surface (C). The linear models were developed for CNF coat weight and thickness of the CNF coat weight on the paper substrates. The quadratic model for air permeability was developed with input variables. It concludes that the CNF suspension concentration is a strong parameter for controlling the CNF coat weight and thickness of the CNF coat on the paper substrates. The developed linear and quadratic models were validated with the experimental data confirming that it was a good fit to the real experimental data. From the CCD investigation of spray coating of CNF on the paper substrates, >1 wt.% CNF coating on the paper surface produces good thickness and coat weight on the paper substrates and gives an impermeable CNF laminate on the paper substrates against air. In conclusion, these models could provide a platform for scaling up the spraying process for coating CNF‐based nanomaterials on the paper substrates.
Application of Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality Technology in the Rehabilitation Training of Track and Field Athletes
Authors: Song Bo , Tuo Peixing
Published: August 2022

The rapid improvement of the economic level has led to the prosperity of sports, and the rehabilitation training of athletes has also developed rapidly and has attracted widespread attention from all over the world. How to make track and field athletes quickly relieve the negative impact of sports injuries on the body during rehabilitation training is the most concerned issue in the field of sports medicine today. The traditional rehabilitation training cycle is long, and the rehabilitation effect is very small, which cannot fundamentally eliminate the injury and restore the athletes’ various physical functions and sports qualities to the original level. This article combines the latest artificial intelligence and virtual reality technology to analyze the causes and control strategies of athletes’ injuries and to understand the reasons for the injuries of track and field athletes in daily training and the various factors that affect their rehabilitation. And it was used in rehabilitation training practice and analyzed from four aspects: body shape, physical function, sports quality, and rehabilitation effect. The experimental results show that the rehabilitation training using artificial intelligence and virtual reality technology can make the athletes’ physical function recover more than 96%, and the overall average rehabilitation effect can reach 93.79 points, which is feasible to a certain extent. The application of artificial intelligence and virtual reality technology to the current stage of rehabilitation training can effectively improve the rehabilitation effect of track and field athletes.
Selenium Modulates Cancer Cell Response to Pharmacologic Ascorbate
Authors: Jankowski Connor S.R. , Rabinowitz Joshua D.
Published: August 2022

High-dose ascorbate (vitamin C) has shown promising anticancer activity. Two redox mechanisms have been proposed: hydrogen peroxide generation by ascorbate itself or glutathione depletion by dehydroascorbate (formed by ascorbate oxidation). Here we show that the metabolic effects and cytotoxicity of high-dose ascorbate in vitro result from hydrogen peroxide independently of dehydroascorbate. These effects were suppressed by selenium through antioxidant selenoenzymes including glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) but not the classic ferroptosis-inhibiting selenoenzyme GPX4. Selenium-mediated protection from ascorbate was powered by NADPH from the pentose phosphate pathway. In vivo, dietary selenium deficiency resulted in significant enhancement of ascorbate activity against glioblastoma xenografts. These data establish selenoproteins as key mediators of cancer redox homeostasis. Cancer sensitivity to free radical-inducing therapies, including ascorbate, may depend on selenium, providing a dietary approach for improving their anticancer efficacy.

Significance:

Selenium restriction augments ascorbate efficacy and extends lifespan in a mouse xenograft model of glioblastoma, suggesting that targeting selenium-mediated antioxidant defenses merits clinical evaluation in combination with ascorbate and other pro-oxidant therapies.
Evaluating and Improving Cancer Screening Process Quality in a Multilevel Context: The PROSPR II Consortium Design and Research Agenda
Authors: Beaber Elisabeth F. , Kamineni Aruna , Burnett-Hartman Andrea N. , Hixon Brian , Kobrin Sarah C. , Li Christopher I. , Oliver Malia , Rendle Katharine A. , Skinner Celette Sugg , Todd Kaitlin , Zheng Yingye , Ziebell Rebecca A. , Breslau Erica S. , Chubak Jessica , Corley Douglas A. , Greenlee Robert T. , Haas Jennifer S. , Halm Ethan A. , Honda Stacey , Neslund-Dudas Christine , Ritzwoller Debra P. , Schottinger Joanne E. , Tiro Jasmin A. , Vachani Anil , Doria-Rose V. Paul
Published: August 2022

Background:

Cancer screening is a complex process involving multiple steps and levels of influence (e.g., patient, provider, facility, health care system, community, or neighborhood). We describe the design, methods, and research agenda of the Population-based Research to Optimize the Screening Process (PROSPR II) consortium. PROSPR II Research Centers (PRC), and the Coordinating Center aim to identify opportunities to improve screening processes and reduce disparities through investigation of factors affecting cervical, colorectal, and lung cancer screening in U.S. community health care settings.

Methods:

We collected multilevel, longitudinal cervical, colorectal, and lung cancer screening process data from clinical and administrative sources on >9 million racially and ethnically diverse individuals across 10 heterogeneous health care systems with cohorts beginning January 1, 2010. To facilitate comparisons across organ types and highlight data breadth, we calculated frequencies of multilevel characteristics and volumes of screening and diagnostic tests/procedures and abnormalities.

Results:

Variations in patient, provider, and facility characteristics reflected the PROSPR II health care systems and differing target populations. PRCs identified incident diagnoses of invasive cancers, in situ cancers, and precancers (invasive: 372 cervical, 24,131 colorectal, 11,205 lung; in situ: 911 colorectal, 32 lung; precancers: 13,838 cervical, 554,499 colorectal).

Conclusions:

PROSPR II's research agenda aims to advance: (i) conceptualization and measurement of the cancer screening process, its multilevel factors, and quality; (ii) knowledge of cancer disparities; and (iii) evaluation of the COVID-19 pandemic's initial impacts on cancer screening. We invite researchers to collaborate with PROSPR II investigators.

Impact:

PROSPR II is a valuable data resource for cancer screening researchers.
Cediranib in Combination with Olaparib in Patients without a Germline BRCA1/2 Mutation and with Recurrent Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer: Phase IIb CONCERTO Trial
Authors: Lee Jung-Min , Moore Richard G. , Ghamande Sharad , Park Min S. , Diaz John P. , Chapman Julia , Kendrick James , Slomovitz Brian M. , Tewari Krishnansu S. , Lowe Elizabeth S. , Milenkova Tsveta , Kumar Sanjeev , Dymond Mike , Brown Jessica , Liu Joyce F.
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

The efficacy, safety, and tolerability of cediranib plus olaparib (cedi/ola) were investigated in patients with nongermline–BRCA-mutated (non-gBRCAm) platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer.

Patients and Methods:

PARP inhibitor–naïve women aged ≥18 years with platinum-resistant non-gBRCAm ovarian cancer, ECOG performance status of 0–2, and ≥3 prior lines of therapy received cediranib 30 mg once daily plus olaparib 200 mg twice daily in this single-arm, multicenter, phase IIb trial. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) by independent central review (ICR) using RECIST 1.1. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety and tolerability were also examined.

Results:

Sixty patients received cedi/ola, all of whom had confirmed non-gBRCAm status. Patients had received a median of four lines of chemotherapy; most (88.3%) had received prior bevacizumab. ORR by ICR was 15.3%, median PFS was 5.1 months, and median OS was 13.2 months. Forty-four (73.3%) patients reported a grade ≥3 adverse event (AE), with one patient experiencing a grade 5 AE (sepsis), considered unrelated to the study treatment. Dose interruptions, reductions, and discontinuations due to AEs occurred in 55.0%, 18.3%, and 18.3% of patients, respectively. Patients with high global loss of heterozygosity (gLOH) had ORR of 26.7% [4/15; 95% confidence interval (CI), 7.8–55.1], while ORR was 12.5% (4/32; 95% CI, 3.5–29.0) in the low gLOH group.

Conclusions:

Clinical activity was shown for the cedi/ola combination in heavily pretreated, non-gBRCAm, platinum-resistant patients with ovarian cancer despite failing to meet the target ORR of 20%, highlighting a need for further biomarker studies.
Tilsotolimod Exploits the TLR9 Pathway to Promote Antigen Presentation and Type 1 IFN Signaling in Solid Tumors: A Multicenter International Phase I/II Trial (ILLUMINATE-101)
Authors: Babiker Hani , Borazanci Erkut , Subbiah Vivek , Agarwala Sanjiv , Algazi Alain , Schachter Jacob , Lotem Michael , Maurice-Dror Corinne , Hendler Daniel , Rahimian Shah , Minderman Hans , Haymaker Cara , Mahadevan Daruka , Bernatchez Chantale , Murthy Ravi , Hultsch Rolf , Kaplan Nadia , Woodhead Gregory , Hennemeyer Charles , Chunduru Srinivas , Anderson Peter M. , Diab Adi , Puzanov Igor
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

Tilsotolimod is an investigational synthetic Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist that has demonstrated antitumor activity in preclinical models. The ILLUMINATE-101 phase I study explored the safety, dose, efficacy, and immune effects of intratumoral (it) tilsotolimod monotherapy in multiple solid tumors.

Patients and Methods:

Patients with a diagnosis of refractory cancer not amenable to curative therapies received tilsotolimod in doses escalating from 8 to 32 mg into a single lesion at weeks 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, and 11. Additional patients with advanced malignant melanoma were enrolled into an expansion cohort at the 8 mg dose. Objectives included characterizing the safety, establishing the dose, efficacy, and immunologic assessment. Blood samples and tumor biopsies of injected and noninjected lesions were obtained at baseline and 24 hours after treatment for immune analyses.

Results:

Thirty-eight and 16 patients were enrolled into the dose escalation and melanoma expansion cohorts, respectively. Deep visceral injections were conducted in 91% of patients. No dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) or grade 4 treatment-related adverse events were observed. Biopsies 24 hours after treatment demonstrated an increased IFN pathway signature and dendritic cell maturation. Immunologic profiling revealed upregulation of IFN-signaling genes and modulation of genes for checkpoint proteins. In the dose escalation cohort, 12 (34%) of 35 evaluable patients achieved a best overall response rate (ORR) of stable disease (SD), whereas 3 (19%) of 16 evaluable patients in the melanoma cohort achieved stable disease.

Conclusions:

Overall, tilsotolimod monotherapy was generally well tolerated and induced rapid, robust alterations in the tumor microenvironment.

See related commentary by Punekar and Weber, p. 5007
Optimization and Characterization of a Bone Culture Model to Study Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis
Authors: Wu Yi-Hsuan , Gugala Zbigniew , Barry Megan M. , Shen Yichao , Dasgupta Subhamoy , Wang Hai
Published: August 2022

Nearly 90% of patients with advanced prostate cancer manifest bone metastases. Distinct from the osteolytic metastasis mostly observed in other cancer types, prostate cancer bone metastasis is typically more osteoblastic, which is relatively understudied due to the lack of reliable and efficient models to resemble the indolent cellular growth and complexity of metastatic progression. In our previous studies, we developed bone-in-culture array (BICA) to primarily model the osteoblast-involved, pre-osteolytic stage of breast cancer bone metastasis. Given that the progression of prostate cancer bone metastasis is largely osteoblastic, it is reasonable to speculate that the original BICA model can be adjusted to investigate prostate cancer bone metastases. In this study, we refined BICA by reducing the surgical labor and improving its reproducibility and capacity. The optimized BICA can successfully recapitulate important features of prostate cancer bone metastasis such as the osteoblastic phenotype, indolent growth, cancer–niche interactions, and response to hormones. Our efforts address the long-standing need for reliable and efficient models to study prostate cancer bone metastasis.
Association between Statins and Incidence of Cancer in Patients with Dyslipidemia Using Large-Scale Health Insurance Claims Data
Authors: Maeda-Minami Ayako , Takagi Masayuki , Mano Yasunari , Ishikawa Hideki , Matsuyama Yutaka , Mutoh Michihiro
Published: August 2022

Recent experimental studies have examined the efficacy of statins in preventing cancer, but the findings of clinical studies are inconsistent, and studies on Japanese patients are limited. This study aimed to clarify the association between statins and cancer risk among Japanese patients. We conducted a large population-based retrospective cohort study using the Japanese health insurance claims database, including patients newly diagnosed with dyslipidemia between 2005 and 2015. Patients who were on newly prescribed statins during the study period were designated as statin users. They were matched 1:1 with randomly selected drug nonusers who were not prescribed drugs for dyslipidemia according to age, sex, and year of first diagnosis of dyslipidemia. There were 23,746 patients in each group. The mean duration of follow-up for statin users and drug nonusers was approximately 2 years. Using a Cox proportional hazards model, significant reduction in cancer risk was observed in statin users compared with that in drug nonusers [adjusted HR = 0.84; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.72–0.97; adjusted for patient background factors]. The results of subgroup analyses suggested that prescribed statins reduced the incidence of cancer of the digestive organs (adjusted HR = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.63–0.99) as well as reduced cancer risk in patients with nonsmokers (adjusted HR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.65–0.92). Our results suggest that statin use may reduce cancer risk in patients with dyslipidemia.

Prevention Relevance:

This study clarified the relationship between statin use and cancer risk in patients with dyslipidemia. Our study will contribute to medicine selection in patients with hypercholesterolemia level.

See related Spotlight, p. 1
Redes sociais na aula de alemão como língua estrangeira em contexto escolar: introdução teórica e relato de experiência
Authors: Perez Gabriel Mendes Hernandez
Published: August 2022

O artigo visa a apresentar a experiência com o trabalho “Projekt Deutsch lernen mit Instagram” conduzido com duas turmas do 1º ano do ensino médio no Colégio Cruzeiro (Rio de Janeiro) no primeiro semestre de 2021. O projeto, que consistiu na elaboração e manutenção de perfis do Instagram feitos por e para aprendizes de alemão, teve como objetivo principal reavivar o interesse dos alunos e alunas, cuja motivação encontrava-se seriamente comprometida em decorrência das limitações impostas pela pandemia do Covid-19. Adicionalmente à descrição das fases do projeto e à reflexão sobre os resultados obtidos, serão aqui brevemente discutidas as possibilidades e potenciais desafios do uso de redes sociais em aula de língua estrangeira conforme as pesquisas de Lomicka & Lord (2016) e Würffel (2020) que embasaram a idealização do projeto.
De Handke a Goethe: para una lectura “herética” del Clasicismo
Authors: Salaris Banegas Francisco
Published: August 2022

El presente artículo indaga sobre la lectura “herética” o a contrapelo que realiza Handke en sus obras de los años 80 del Clasicismo, y especialmente de Goethe. El concepto handkeano de “das Klassische” adquiere rasgos propios a partir de las consideraciones en torno a la forma, elemento estético fundamental que nace de un dinamismo entre la percepción, la producción, el resultado y el efecto artístico. La forma handkeana, como se buscará demostrar aquí, no preexiste a la cosa sino que viene con ella, y la función del artista es iluminarla desde adentro; de acuerdo a esto, se discutirá el posible carácter informe de la forma. El diálogo que entabla Handke con el Clasicismo de Goethe permite profundizar en su concepción formal de la obra de arte, y también, en un segundo plano, estudiar nuevas lecturas en torno a la evolución estética de Goethe.
The Diplomatic Glass Cliff: Women’s Representation and Diplomacy’s Decline
Authors: Stephenson Elise
Published: August 2022

For the first time in history, women in Australian diplomacy have equal or near-equal representation in leadership whilst the institution they represent is shrinking — in funding, footprint and status. Even if simply a natural shift in policy priorities, this diplomatic ‘glass cliff’ has specifically gendered effects. Indeed, ‘hard’ militaristic agencies — where funding and prestige flow — remain pockets of gender resistance in Australian international affairs. This article employs a combination of qualitative interview analysis as well as quantitative longitudinal data on gender representation and agency funding across four case agencies to argue that women are gaining positions of diplomatic leadership just as diplomacy’s relative power, influence and funding decreases. It contributes to women’s leadership research in finding that women’s increased opportunities in leadership are therefore constrained by the declining status or shrinking nature of the institution to which they are gaining access.
Another God in the Gospel of John? A Linguistic Analysis of John 1:1 and 1:18
Authors: Smarius Alexander
Published: August 2022

This article is a new study of the word θεός in the Gospel of John, especially in the cases in which it does not refer to the Father. In the Prologue, θεός is twice used to define the Word, the one close to the Father (1:1, 18). These instances are mostly understood as denoting divine quality shared by the Father and the Word. It is argued that linguistic considerations are compelling enough to consider a different interpretation: the Word can be understood as a second, non-competitive deity, a notion that is not as incompatible with John’s monotheism as is generally thought.