bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Iterative evolution of large-bodied hypercarnivory in canids benefits species but not clades
Authors: Balisi Mairin A. , Van Valkenburgh Blaire
Published: August 2020

Ecological specialization has costs and benefits at various scales: traits benefitting an individual may disadvantage its population, species or clade. In particular, large body size and hypercarnivory (diet over 70% meat) have evolved repeatedly in mammals; yet large hypercarnivores are thought to be trapped in a macroevolutionary “ratchet”, marching unilaterally toward decline. Here, we weigh the impact of this specialization on extinction risk using the rich fossil record of North American canids (dogs). In two of three canid subfamilies over the past 40 million years, diversification of large-bodied hypercarnivores appears constrained at the clade level, biasing specialized lineages to extinction. However, despite shorter species durations, extinction rates of large hypercarnivores have been mostly similar to those of all other canids. Extinction was size- and carnivory-selective only at the end of the Pleistocene epoch 11,000 years ago, suggesting that large hypercarnivores were not disadvantaged at the species level before anthropogenic influence.
Relative importance of nonlinear electron-phonon coupling and vertex corrections in the Holstein model
Authors: Dee Philip M. , Coulter Jennifer , Kleiner Kevin G. , Johnston Steven
Published: August 2020

Determining the range of validity of Migdal’s approximation for electron-phonon (e-ph) coupled systems is a long-standing problem. Many attempts to answer this question employ the Holstein Hamiltonian, where the electron density couples linearly to local lattice displacements. When these displacements are large, however, nonlinear corrections to the interaction must also be included, which can significantly alter the physical picture obtained from this model. Using determinant quantum Monte Carlo and the self-consistent Migdal approximation, we compared superconducting and charge-density-wave correlations in the Holstein model with and without second-order nonlinear interactions. We find a disagreement between the two cases, even for relatively small values of the e-ph coupling strength, and, importantly, that this can occur in the same parameter regions where Migdal’s approximation holds. Our results demonstrate that questions regarding the validity of Migdal’s approximation go hand in hand with questions of the validity of a linear e-ph interaction.
All-optical supercontinuum switching
Authors: Melchert Oliver , Brée Carsten , Tajalli Ayhan , Pape Alexander , Arkhipov Rostislav , Willms Stephanie , Babushkin Ihar , Skryabin Dmitry , Steinmeyer Günter , Morgner Uwe , Demircan Ayhan
Published: August 2020

Efficient all-optical switching is a challenging task as photons are bosons and cannot immediately interact with each other. Consequently, one has to resort to nonlinear optical interactions, with the Kerr gate being the classical example. However, the latter requires strong pulses to switch weaker ones. Numerous approaches have been investigated to overcome the resulting lack of fan-out capability of all-optical switches, most of which relied on types of resonant enhancement of light-matter interaction. Here we experimentally demonstrate a novel approach that utilizes switching between different portions of soliton fission induced supercontinua, exploiting an optical event horizon. This concept enables a high switching efficiency and contrast in a dissipation free setting. Our approach enables fan-out, does not require critical biasing, and is at least partially cascadable. Controlling complex soliton dynamics paves the way towards building all-optical logic gates with advanced functionalities.
Metabolic fingerprinting of cell types in mouse skeletal muscle by combining TOF-SIMS with immunofluorescence staining
Authors: Song Zhe , Wang Zhaoying , Zhao Hansen , Cai Lesi , Li Zhanping , Zhang Sichun , Zhang Xinrong
Published: August 2020

Skeletal muscle tissue is composed of various fiber types which differ in metabolic capacities. TOF-SIMS was combined with immunofluorescent staining to investigate metabolic fingerprints among different cell types in mouse skeletal muscle tissue.
An off/on thrombin activated energy driven molecular machine for sensitive detection of human thrombinvianon-enzymatic catalyst recycling amplification
Authors: Zhang Zhang , Mei Min , Yao Juan , Ye Ting , Quan Jing , Liu Jinbo
Published: August 2020

A novel dual signal on/off amplification strategy by integrating thrombin mediated strand displacement reaction and non-enzyme catalyst recycling DNA machine.
Development of an inexpensive Raman-compatible substrate for the construction of a microarray screening platform
Authors: Pastrana-Otero Isamar , Majumdar Sayani , Gilchrist Aidan E. , Gorman Brittney L. , Harley Brendan A. C. , Kraft Mary L.
Published: August 2020

Development of an inexpensive substrate that is compatible with the chemistries used to fabricate biomaterial microarrays for tissue engineering applications and noninvasive single-cell Raman spectroscopy for identifying stem cell fate decisions.
A review of the analysis of biomarkers of exposure to tobacco and vaping products
Authors: Habibagahi Arezoo , Alderman Nicholas , Kubwabo Cariton
Published: August 2020

Quantification of exposure to different chemicals from both combustible cigarettes and vaping products is important in providing information on the potential health risks of these products.
Nanocarrier anticancer drug-conjugates cause higher cellular deformations: culpable for mischief
Authors: Kale Narendra , Nandi Semonti , Patil Ashwini , Patil Yuvraj , Banerjee Shashwat , Khandare Jayant
Published: August 2020

Here we report nanocarrier–anticancer drug conjugates culpable of cellular deformations, critically evidenced through image-based analysis as a measure of karyoplasmic ratio (KR) and nuclear surface area (NSA).
B(C6F5)3-Catalyzed cyclization of alkynes: direct synthesis of 3-silyl heterocyclic compounds
Authors: Li Mengxing , Wang Ting , An Zhenyu , Yan Rulong
Published: August 2020

An efficient one-pot strategy for easy access to 3-silyl heterocyclic compounds was developed via a B(C6F5)3-catalyzed cycloaddition reaction of o-(1-alkynyl)(thio)anisoles or o-(1-alkynyl)-N-methylaniline.
Traceless directing groups: a novel strategy in regiodivergent C–H functionalization
Authors: Rani Geetika , Luxami Vijay , Paul Kamaldeep
Published: August 2020

Traceless directing groups serve as the most ideal chelation assisted strategy with a high degree of reactivity and selectivity without any requirement for additional steps for their removal.
Soft salts based on platinum(ii) complexes with high emission quantum efficiencies in the near infrared region for in vivo imaging
Authors: Li Jun , Ma Yun , Liu Suyi , Mao Zhu , Chi Zhenguo , Qian Peng-Cheng , Wong Wai-Yeung
Published: August 2020

A novel soft salt complex-based near infrared probe was successfully developed for application in in vivo imaging for the first time.
Rational design, supramolecular synthesis and solid state characterization of two bicomponent solid forms of mebendazole
Authors: Gutiérrez Eduardo L. , Godoy Agustín A. , Narda Griselda E. , Ellena Javier
Published: August 2020

MBZ methyl sulfate and perchlorate were designed based on the statistical probability of the formation of an R22(8) supramolecular heterosynthon.
Quantitative analysis of intermolecular interactions in cocrystals and a pair of polymorphous cocrystal hydrates from 1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-dione and 1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2(3H)-one with 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones: a combined X-ray structural and theoretical analysis
Authors: Sosa-Rivadeneyra Martha V. , Venkatesan Perumal , Flores-Manuel Fermin , Bernès Sylvain , Höpfl Herbert , Cerón Margarita , Thamotharan Subbiah , Percino M. Judith
Published: August 2020

Study and quantification of intermolecular interactions in five cocrystals and cocrystals hydrates by PIXEL, DFT, Hirshfeld surface and QTAIM calculations.
Experimental verification of an opto-chemical “neurocomputer”
Authors: Proskurkin Ivan S. , Smelov Pavel S. , Vanag Vladimir K.
Published: August 2020

A hierarchical network of pulse coupled chemical micro-oscillators and excitable cells demonstrates intelligent behavior.
Elimination of fast variables in stochastic nonlinear kinetics
Authors: Morgado Gabriel , Nowakowski Bogdan , Lemarchand Annie
Published: August 2020

The usually discarded intermediate Z significantly enhances Y fluctuations making the interpretation of FCS experiments based on reduced mechanisms delicate.
Thickness-dependent elastic strain in Stranski–Krastanow growth
Authors: Dirko Vladimir V. , Lozovoy Kirill A. , Kokhanenko Andrey P. , Voitsekhovskii Alexander V.
Published: August 2020

The elastic strain depends on the thickness of the deposited material and reaches values significantly exceeding values for free lattices.
Spectroscopy, microscopy, diffraction and scattering of archetypal MOFs: formation, metal sites in catalysis and thin films
Authors: Rivera-Torrente Miguel , Mandemaker Laurens D. B. , Filez Matthias , Delen Guusje , Seoane Beatriz , Meirer Florian , Weckhuysen Bert M.
Published: August 2020

A comprehensive overview of characterization tools for the analysis of well-known metal–organic frameworks and physico-chemical phenomena associated to their applications.
Spinel-structured Mn–Ni nanosheets for NH3-SCR of NO with good H2O and SO2 resistance at low temperature
Authors: Gao Fengyu , Tang Xiaolong , Sani Zaharaddeen , Yi Honghong , Zhao Shunzheng , Yu Qingjun , Zhou Yuansong , Shi Yiran , Ni Shuquan
Published: August 2020

High specific surface area, more NH3 adsorption ability and efficient electronic interaction over Mn–Ni spinel nanosheet leaded to good SCR activity, and Ni-outside with active Mn-inner spinel configuration and nanosheet morphology relieved SO2-poisoning.
Bonded- and discreted-Lindqvist hexatungstate-based copper hybrids as heterogeneous catalysts for the one-pot synthesis of 2-phenylquinoxalines via 2-haloanilines with vinyl azides or 3-phenyl-2H-azirines
Authors: Shen Guodong , Wang Zeyou , Huang Xianqiang , Gong Shuwen , Zhang Jiangong , Tang Zhenfei , Sun Manman , Lv Xin
Published: August 2020

One bonded- and one discreted-Lindqvist hexatungstate-based copper hybrids (Cu-POMs) ([Cu2(O)OH(phen)2]2[W6O19]·6H2O (1) and [Cu2(phen)4Cl] [HW6O19]·2H2O (2) (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline)) were controllably synthesized and routinely characterized.
Carbyne decorated porphyrins
Authors: Frogley Benjamin J. , Hill Anthony F.
Published: August 2020

Porphyrins peripherally decorated with four transition-metal carbynes substituents are obtained in one stepviaa Pd0/AuItransmetallation shuttle beginning with a stannyl carbyne.
Passive air sampling for semi-volatile organic chemicals
Authors: Wania Frank , Shunthirasingham Chubashini
Published: August 2020

A comprehensive and critical review of the state-of-knowledge on the sampling of trace organic contaminants from the atmosphere without the help of a pump.
Pentacyclic triterpenoid acids in Styrax as potent and highly specific inhibitors against human carboxylesterase 1A
Authors: Wang Lu , Guan Xiao-Qing , He Rong-Jing , Qin Wei-Wei , Xiong Yuan , Zhang Feng , Song Yun-Qing , Huo Peng-Chao , Song Pei-Fang , Tang Hui , Ge Guang-Bo
Published: August 2020

Several pentacyclic triterpenoid acids (PTAs) in Styrax were identified as extremely potent and highly specific inhibitors of hCES1A.
Hydrodeoxygenation of vegetable oils over biochar supported bimetallic carbides for producing renewable diesel under mild conditions
Authors: Tran Chi-Cong , Akmach Dahi , Kaliaguine Serge
Published: August 2020

Conversion and product selectivity of canola oil HDO over various metal carbides under mild condition, T = 250 °C, p = 450 psig, WHSV = 5 h−1, TOS = 2–3 h.
Supramolecular biosolvents made up of self-assembled rhamnolipids: synthesis and characterization
Authors: Romera-García Encarnación , Ballesteros-Gómez Ana , Rubio Soledad
Published: August 2020

Supramolecular biosolvents made up of self-assembled rhamnolipids generated by salt-induced coacervation (bioSUPRAS).
ZnO nanostructures: a heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of benzoxanthene and pyranopyrazole scaffolds via a multi-component reaction strategy
Authors: Chhattise Prakash , Saleh Suheb , Pandit Vikram , Arbuj Sudhir , Chabukswar Vasant
Published: August 2020

A hydrothermal technique is employed for the preparation of nanostructured ZnO.
A structural chemistry look at composites recycling
Authors: Navarro Carlos A. , Giffin Cassondra R. , Zhang Boyang , Yu Zehan , Nutt Steven R. , Williams Travis J.
Published: August 2020

Composite materials, especially carbon fiber-reinforced polymers, are a class of structural materials now commonly used in aircraft, marine, and other applications, with emerging large-scale use in the automotive and civil engineering applications.
5-Ammoniumvaleric acid stabilized mixed-dimensional perovskite submicron platelets with white light emission
Authors: Shi Yamin , Hu Jiarui , Chen Jian , Xu Yaxin , Yang Wantian , Chen Junnian , He Yunbin
Published: August 2020

Zwitterionic 5-ammoniumvaleric acid (5-AVA) was employed to synthesize mixed-dimensional AVAx(MAPbCl3) perovskite submicron platelets that exhibit structural dimensionality dependent broadband emission.
Dynamic host–guest behavior in halogen-bonded two-dimensional molecular networks investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy at the solid/liquid interface
Authors: Kikkawa Yoshihiro , Nagasaki Mayumi , Koyama Emiko , Tsuzuki Seiji , Fouquet Thierry , Hiratani Kazuhisa
Published: August 2020

Dynamic host–guest behavior is investigated in halogen-bonded molecular networks, and the change in the 2D structure due to guest inclusion is revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy at the solid/liquid interface.
Triazinetriamine-derived porous organic polymer-supported copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs@TzTa-POP): an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of N-methylated products via CO2 fixation and primary carbamates from alcohols and urea
Authors: Haque Najirul , Biswas Surajit , Basu Priyanka , Haque Biswas Imdadul , Khatun Resmin , Khan Aslam , Islam Sk Manirul
Published: August 2020

Copper nanoparticles incorporated triazinetriamine derived porous organic polymer based catalyst was synthesized for catalytic production N-methylated amines and primary carbamates.
Facile synthesis of a covalent organic framework (COF) based on the reaction of melamine and trimesic acid incorporated electrospun nanofiber and its application as an electrochemical tyrosinamide aptasensor
Authors: Sarabaegi Masoumeh , Roushani Mahmoud , Hosseini Hadi , Hoseini S. Jafar , Bahrami Mehrangiz
Published: August 2020

Schematic presentation of the COFCNF platform for the highly sensitive detection of tyrosinamide by using a solution containing [Fe(CN)6]3−/[Fe(CN)6]4− as a redox probe.
Nonlinear optical properties of polyphthalocyanine porous organic frameworks
Authors: Wang Tingfeng , Sun Tao , Tang Wei , Huang Wenbo , Zhang Wenxiang , Yan Lihe , Si Jinhai , Ma Heping
Published: August 2020

sp3-hybridized carbon bridge polyphthalocyanine porous organic frameworks can enhance nonlinear absorption and optical limiting properties.
Optimal architecture for ultralow noise graphene transistors at room temperature
Authors: Kakkar Saloni , Karnatak Paritosh , Ali Aamir Md. , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Ghosh Arindam
Published: August 2020

The fundamental origin of low-frequency noise in graphene field effect transistors (GFETs) has been widely explored but a generic engineering strategy towards low noise GFETs is lacking.
Induced ferroelectric phases in SrTiO3 by a nanocomposite approach
Authors: Enriquez Erik , Li Qian , Bowlan Pamela , Lu Ping , Zhang Bruce , Li Leigang , Wang Haiyan , Taylor Antoinette J. , Yarotski Dmitry , Prasankumar Rohit P. , Kalinin Sergei V. , Jia Quanxi , Chen Aiping
Published: August 2020

Inducing new phases in thick films via vertical lattice strain is one of the critical advantages of vertically aligned nanocomposites (VANs).
Interfacial water and ion distribution determine ζ potential and binding affinity of nanoparticles to biomolecules
Authors: Liang Dongyue , Dahal Udaya , Zhang Yongqian (Kelly) , Lochbaum Christian , Ray Dhiman , Hamers Robert J. , Pedersen Joel A. , Cui Qiang
Published: August 2020

The molecular features that dictate interactions between functionalized nanoparticles and biomolecules are not well understood.
Neutral and charged dark excitons in monolayer WS2
Authors: Zinkiewicz M. , Slobodeniuk A. O. , Kazimierczuk T. , Kapuściński P. , Oreszczuk K. , Grzeszczyk M. , Bartos M. , Nogajewski K. , Watanabe K. , Taniguchi T. , Faugeras C. , Kossacki P. , Potemski M. , Babiński A. , Molas M. R.
Published: August 2020

The properties of dark excitons and dark trions are investigated in a monolayer of WS2 encapsulated in hexagonal BN.
How interface properties control the equilibrium shape of core–shell Fe–Au and Fe–Ag nanoparticles
Authors: Combettes Ségolène , Lam Julien , Benzo Patrizio , Ponchet Anne , Casanove Marie-José , Calvo Florent , Benoit Magali
Published: August 2020

The core and overall shapes of core–shell Fe–Au and Fe–Ag nanoparticles change with increasing amount of noble metal, as the result of different electronic structures of the Au/Fe and Ag/Fe interfaces.
Real-time atomistic simulation of the Ostwald ripening of TiO2 supported Au nanoparticles
Authors: Zhu Beien , Qi Rui , Yuan Lina , Gao Yi
Published: August 2020

Atomic simulation shows a stagewise Oswald Ripening with changing rate-determining step. In the ripening, the particles exchange dimers among each other instead of monomers.
Red-emitting GSH-Cu NCs as a triplet induced quenched fluorescent probe for fast detection of thiol pollutants
Authors: Zhang Jun-Hua , Zhang Zi-Tong , Ou Yang-Jing , Zhang Fei , Meng Jie , Wang Gen , Fang Zhao-Lin , Li Yan
Published: August 2020

Red-emitting GSH-Cu NCs were developed as sulfhydryl pollutant sensors and used as luminous test strips for fast detection of thiol pollutants in environmental samples.
B-Doped PdRu nanopillar assemblies for enhanced formic acid oxidation electrocatalysis
Authors: Liu Songliang , Wang Ziqiang , Zhang Hugang , Yin Shuli , Xu You , Li Xiaonian , Wang Liang , Wang Hongjing
Published: August 2020

B-Doped PdRu nanopillar assemblies have been synthesized for the formic acid oxidation reaction with enhanced catalytic performance.
Structure-guided design, generation, and biofunction of PEGylated fibroblast growth factor 2 variants for wound healing
Authors: Sun Jian , Wu Jiamin , Jin Hui , Ying Te , Jin Wei , Fan Miaojuan , Zhou Jianhui , Chen Hui , Jin Litai , Zhou Jie
Published: August 2020

Structure-guided PEGylation of fibroblast growth factor 2 with improved stability and bioactivity for skin repair.
Synthesis ofN-acetylglucosamine andN-acetylallosamine resorcinarene-based multivalent β-thio-glycoclusters: unexpected affinity ofN-acetylallosamine ligands towards Wheat Germ Agglutinin
Authors: Cristófalo Alejandro E. , Cagnoni Alejandro J. , Uhrig María Laura
Published: August 2020

Resorcinarene-based glycoclusters bearing β-S-GlcNAc and β-S-AllNAc residues were synthesized and ITC and molecular docking calculations provided evidence of their strong affinity towards WGA.
Silver-promoted oxidative sulfonylation and ring-expansion of vinylcyclopropanes with sodium sulfinates leading to dihydronaphthalene derivatives
Authors: Chen Pu , Zhou Quan , Chen Zan , Liu Yu-Kui , Liang Yun , Tang Ke-Wen , Liu Yu
Published: August 2020

A simple and efficient silver-promoted sulfonylation and ring-expansion of vinylcyclopropanes with sodium sulfinates is established for the construction of 1-sulfonylmethylated 3,4-dihydronaphthalenes.
The synthesis of cyclic olefin copolymers (COCs) by ethylene copolymerisations with cyclooctene, cycloheptene, and with tricyclo[6.2.1.0(2,7)]undeca-4-ene: the effects of cyclic monomer structures on thermal properties
Authors: Harakawa Hitoshi , Okabe Masaki , Nomura Kotohiro
Published: August 2020

The synthesis of amorphous ethylene copolymers with cycloheptene, cis-cyclooctene, or tricyclo[6.2.1.0(2,7)]undeca-4-ene using half-titanocene catalysts and the effects of ring size and structure on the thermal properties have been demonstrated.
Colorless polyimides derived from adamantane-containing diamines
Authors: Miao Jie , Hu Xiaofan , Wang Xianwei , Meng Xiangsheng , Wang Zhen , Yan Jingling
Published: August 2020

Colorless polyimides with high glass transition temperatures (up to 440 °C) were developed from three adamantane-containing diamines, and the structure–property relationship of this series of polyimides was established.
Structure–activity relationship and mechanism of four monostilbenes with respect to ferroptosis inhibition
Authors: Ouyang Xiaojian , Li Xican , Liu Jie , Liu Yangping , Xie Yulu , Du Zhongcun , Xie Hong , Chen Ban , Lu Wenbiao , Chen Dongfeng
Published: August 2020

Erastin-treated bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (bmMSCs) were prepared and used to compare the ferroptosis inhibitory bioactivities of four monostilbenes, including rhapontigenin (1a), isorhapontigenin (1b), piceatannol-3′-O-glucoside (1c), and rhapontin (1d).
Effects of α-zirconium phosphate and zirconium organophosphonate on the thermal, mechanical and flame retardant properties of intumescent flame retardant high density polyethylene composites
Authors: Khanal Santosh , Lu Yunhua , Dang Li , Ali Muhammad , Xu Shiai
Published: August 2020

Zirconium-based compounds are combined with intumescent flame retardant (IFR) to prepare flame retardant high density polyethylene composites.
PDMPO: a specific silicon or silica, pH sensitive fluorescent probe?
Authors: Merdy Patricia , Neytard Cyril , Meunier Jean-Dominique , Lucas Yves
Published: August 2020

To understand Si behavior in soils and plants, we evaluated the use of PDMPO that was supposed to be a Si-specific, pH-dependent fluorescence marker. We found that the PDMPO fluorescence is neither Si-specific nor pH dependent.
New amino group functionalized porous carbon for strong chelation ability towards toxic heavy metals
Authors: Anfar Zakaria , Amedlous Abdallah , Majdoub Mohammed , El Fakir Abdellah Ait , Zbair Mohamed , Ait Ahsaine Hassan , Jada Amane , El Alem Noureddine
Published: August 2020

Herein, ethylenediamine functionalized porous carbon (PC-ED/1.5) was synthesized, then characterized by various methods and finally used as a functional material for Cu(ii) and Pb(ii) ion removal from water.
Novel post-synthesis purification strategies and the ligand exchange processes in simplifying the fabrication of PbS quantum dot solar cells
Authors: Tom Anju Elsa , Thomas Ajith , Ison V. V.
Published: August 2020

Quantum dots (QDs) solids with iodide passivation are a key component for most of the well-performing PbS QDs solar cells.
Easily fabricated monolithic fluoropolymer chips for sensitive long-term absorbance measurement in droplet microfluidics
Authors: Nightingale Adrian M. , Hassan Sammer-ul , Makris Kyriacos , Bhuiyan Wahida T. , Harvey Terry J. , Niu Xize
Published: August 2020

We present a widely accessible method for fabricating monolithic fluoropolymer microfluidic chips, which allows droplet absorbance measurement over multi-month periods.
Mass spectrometric analysis of lipid A obtained from the lipopolysaccharide ofPasteurella multocida
Authors: Tawab Abdul , Akbar Noor , Hasssan Mujtaba , Habib Fazale , Ali Aamir , Rahman Moazur , Jabbar Abdul , Rauf Waqar , Iqbal Mazhar
Published: August 2020

LC/MS-based variant profiling of lipid A component of endotoxic lipopolysaccharides ofPasteurella multocidatype B:2, a causative agent of haemorrhagic septicaemia in water buffalo and cattle.
A novel π-conjugated poly(biphenyl diimide) with full utilization of carbonyls as a highly stable organic electrode for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Zhijun , Zhang Bingjie , Zhang Yueyan , Yan Ni , He Gang
Published: August 2020

A novel π-conjugated polyimide based on the two seven-membered imide rings-containing BPI was reported, which be used as a highly stable anode electrode material with full utilization of carbonyls for the application organic Li-ion batteries.
Palladium nanoparticles as efficient catalyst for C–S bond formation reactions
Authors: Zhang Mei-Na , Khan Shahid , Zhang Junjie , Khan Ajmal
Published: August 2020

Heterogenous catalysis: economical and sustainable synthesis of allylic sulfone featuring tri- and even tetrasubstituted olefin scaffold via decarboxylative cross-coupling from vinyl cyclic carbonates with sodium sulfinates using PdNPs as a catalyst.
Low cost and scalable method for modifying surfaces of hollow particles from hydrophilic to hydrophobic
Authors: Sharma Jaswinder , Polizos Georgios , Hun Diana , Nawaz Kashif , Sahore Ritu
Published: August 2020

A low cost strategy is developed for hydrophobization of hollow silica particles without compromising with their structural integrity.
DNA adsorption on nanoscale zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 enabling rational design of a DNA-based nanoprobe for gene detection and regulation in living cells
Authors: Wang Shengmei , Ouyang Linqi , Deng Guiming , Deng Zhenzhen , Wang Shengfeng
Published: August 2020

Boosting DNA-based nanotheranostics for gene detection and regulation by ZIF-8.
Development and evaluation of a pH-responsive and water-soluble drug delivery system based on smart polymer coating of graphene nanosheets: an in silico study
Authors: Alinejad Abutaleb , Raissi Heidar , Hashemzadeh Hassan
Published: August 2020

The objective of this study is to develop a controlled and water-soluble delivery system for doxorubicin (DOX) based on the coating of graphene (G) with a smart polymer.
Direct C–H photoarylation of diazines using aryldiazonium salts and visible-light
Authors: Silva Rodrigo C. , Villela Lucas F. , Brocksom Timothy J. , de Oliveira Kleber T.
Published: August 2020

An electron donor–acceptor (EDA) approach for the direct C–H photoarylation of diazines using aryldiazonium salts and visible-light is described.
Continuous reactive crystallization of an API in PFR-CSTR cascade with in-line PATs
Authors: Hu Chuntian , Shores Brianna T. , Derech Rachel A. , Testa Christopher J. , Hermant Paul , Wu Wei , Shvedova Khrystyna , Ramnath Anjana , Al Ismaili Liyutha Q. , Su Qinglin , Sayin Ridade , Born Stephen C. , Takizawa Bayan , O'Connor Thomas F. , Yang Xiaochuan , Ramanujam Sukumar , Mascia Salvatore
Published: August 2020

The influence of PFR on crystal size distribution, reaction and crystallization yields, and supersaturation level was investigated.
A bispecific circular aptamer tethering a built-in universal molecular tag for functional protein delivery
Authors: Pan Xiaoshu , Yang Yu , Li Long , Li Xiaowei , Li Qiang , Cui Cheng , Wang Bang , Kuai Hailan , Jiang Jianhui , Tan Weihong
Published: August 2020

A bispecific circular aptamer was utilized to tether a built-in His tag to specific cells to enhance the delivery of functional proteins.
Quantum-mechanical transition-state model combined with machine learning provides catalyst design features for selective Cr olefin oligomerization
Authors: Maley Steven M. , Kwon Doo-Hyun , Rollins Nick , Stanley Johnathan C. , Sydora Orson L. , Bischof Steven M. , Ess Daniel H.
Published: August 2020

The use of data science tools to provide the emergence of non-trivial chemical features for catalyst design is an important goal in catalysis science.
Reversible cooperative dihydrogen binding and transfer with a bis-phosphenium complex of chromium
Authors: Birchall Nicholas , Feil Christoph M. , Gediga Michael , Nieger Martin , Gudat Dietrich
Published: August 2020

Photolysis of a phosphenium complex enables reversible activation of H2 to yield a dihydrogen complex which stimulates H2 cleavage or catalytic hydrogenation.
Modulating magnetic anisotropy in Ln(iii) single-ion magnets using an external electric field
Authors: Sarkar Arup , Rajaraman Gopalan
Published: August 2020

Using a combination of theoretical tools, we show that the application of an external electric field in a certain direction can boost the axiality beyond that set by the ligands, opening up a new avenue for the generation of novel SIMs.
On the role of local heating in cathode degradation during the oxygen reduction reaction in solid acid fuel cells
Authors: Wagner Maximilian , Lorenz Oliver , Lohmann-Richters Felix P. , Varga Aron , Abel Bernd
Published: August 2020

Degradation of the solid acid fuel cell cathode was analyzed byin operandoelectrochemical characterization andex situelectron microscopy.
Photonic hyperthermal and sonodynamic nanotherapy targeting oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zuo Jiaxin , Huo Minfeng , Wang Liying , Li Jia , Chen Yu , Xiong Ping
Published: August 2020

Photonic hyperthermal and sonodynamic nanotherapy targeting of oral squamous cell carcinoma by CRDAs.
Effects of nanopores on the mechanical strength, osteoclastogenesis, and osteogenesis in honeycomb scaffolds
Authors: Hayashi Koichiro , Ishikawa Kunio
Published: August 2020

The nanopoers of honeycomb scaffolds affect mechanical strength, osteoclastogenesis, and osteogenesis. When the nanopore volume was 0.15 cm3 g−1, steady replacement of honeycomb scaffolds with new bone was achieved.
Nanoscale surface engineering of a high-k ZrO2/SiO2 gate insulator for a high performance ITZO TFT via plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition
Authors: Choi Wan-Ho , Jeon Woojin , Park Jin-Seong
Published: August 2020

Study of the correlation between mobility (μeff) and dielectric constant (k) in a PEALD high-k SiO2/ZrO2 gate insulator structure via nanoscale engineering.
Engineering functionalized low LUMO [1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophenes (BTBTs): unusual molecular and charge transport properties
Authors: Ozdemir Resul , Ahn Kyunghan , Deneme İbrahim , Zorlu Yunus , Kim Dojun , Kim Myung-Gil , Usta Hakan
Published: August 2020

A unique molecular library of functionalized low LUMO BTBT semiconductors was developed and studied in detail to reveal key design principles for electron transport in DAcTTs.
Zooming in on protein–RNA interactions: a multi-level workflow to identify interaction partners
Authors: Colantoni Alessio , Rupert Jakob , Vandelli Andrea , Tartaglia Gian Gaetano , Zacco Elsa
Published: August 2020

Interactions between proteins and RNA are at the base of numerous cellular regulatory and functional phenomena. The investigation of the biological relevance of non-coding RNAs has led to the identification of numerous novel RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). However, defining the RNA sequences and structures that are selectively recognised by an RBP remains challenging, since these interactions can be transient and highly dynamic, and may be mediated by unstructured regions in the protein, as in the case of many non-canonical RBPs. Numerous experimental and computational methodologies have been developed to predict, identify and verify the binding between a given RBP and potential RNA partners, but navigating across the vast ocean of data can be frustrating and misleading. In this mini-review, we propose a workflow for the identification of the RNA binding partners of putative, newly identified RBPs. The large pool of potential binders selected by in-cell experiments can be enriched by in silico tools such as catRAPID, which is able to predict the RNA sequences more likely to interact with specific RBP regions with high accuracy. The RNA candidates with the highest potential can then be analysed in vitro to determine the binding strength and to precisely identify the binding sites. The results thus obtained can furthermore validate the computational predictions, offering an all-round solution to the issue of finding the most likely RNA binding partners for a newly identified potential RBP.
Unpuzzling COVID-19: tissue-related signaling pathways associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission
Authors: Battagello Daniella S. , Dragunas Guilherme , Klein Marianne O. , Ayub Ana L.P. , Velloso Fernando J. , Correa Ricardo G.
Published: August 2020

The highly infective coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is caused by a novel strain of coronaviruses – the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) – discovered in December 2019 in the city of Wuhan (Hubei Province, China). Remarkably, COVID-19 has rapidly spread across all continents and turned into a public health emergency, which was ultimately declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in early 2020. SARS-CoV-2 presents similar aspects to other members of the coronavirus family, mainly regarding its genome, protein structure and intracellular mechanisms, that may translate into mild (or even asymptomatic) to severe infectious conditions. Although the mechanistic features underlying the COVID-19 progression have not been fully clarified, current evidence have suggested that SARS-CoV-2 may primarily behave as other β-coronavirus members. To better understand the development and transmission of COVID-19, unveiling the signaling pathways that may be impacted by SARS-CoV-2 infection, at the molecular and cellular levels, is of crucial importance. In this review, we present the main aspects related to the origin, classification, etiology and clinical impact of SARS-CoV-2. Specifically, here we describe the potential mechanisms of cellular interaction and signaling pathways, elicited by functional receptors, in major targeted tissues/organs from the respiratory, gastrointestinal (GI), cardiovascular, renal, and nervous systems. Furthermore, the potential involvement of these signaling pathways in evoking the onset and progression of COVID-19 symptoms in these organ systems are presently discussed. A brief description of future perspectives related to potential COVID-19 treatments is also highlighted.
The Gaia-ESO Survey: Calibrating the lithium–age relation with open clusters and associations
Authors: Gutiérrez Albarrán M. L. , Montes D. , Gómez Garrido M. , Tabernero H. M. , González Hernández J. I. , Marfil E. , Frasca A. , Lanzafame A. C. , Klutsch A. , Franciosini E. , Randich S. , Smiljanic R. , Korn A. J. , Gilmore G. , Alfaro E. J. , Baratella M. , Bayo A. , Bensby T. , Bonito R. , Carraro G. , Delgado Mena E. , Feltzing S. , Gonneau A. , Heiter U. , Hourihane A. , Jiménez Esteban F. , Jofre P. , Masseron T. , Monaco L. , Morbidelli L. , Prisinzano L. , Roccatagliata V. , Sousa S. , Van der Swaelmen M. , Worley C. C. , Zaggia S.
Published: August 2020

Context. Previous studies of open clusters have shown that lithium depletion is not only strongly age dependent but also shows a complex pattern with other parameters that is not yet understood. For pre- and main-sequence late-type stars, these parameters include metallicity, mixing mechanisms, convection structure, rotation, and magnetic activity.

Aims. We perform a thorough membership analysis for a large number of stars observed within the Gaia-ESO survey (GES) in the field of 20 open clusters, ranging in age from young clusters and associations, to intermediate-age and old open clusters.

Methods. Based on the parameters derived from the GES spectroscopic observations, we obtained lists of candidate members for each of the clusters in the sample by deriving radial velocity distributions and studying the position of the kinematic selections in the EW(Li)-versus-Teff plane to obtain lithium members. We used gravity indicators to discard field contaminants and studied [Fe/H] metallicity to further confirm the membership of the candidates. We also made use of studies using recent data from the Gaia DR1 and DR2 releases to assess our member selections.

Results. We identified likely member candidates for the sample of 20 clusters observed in GES (iDR4) with UVES and GIRAFFE, and conducted a comparative study that allowed us to characterize the properties of these members as well as identify field contaminant stars, both lithium-rich giants and non-giant outliers.

Conclusions. This work is the first step towards the calibration of the lithium–age relation and its dependence on other GES parameters. During this project we aim to use this relation to infer the ages of GES field stars, and identify their potential membership to young associations and stellar kinematic groups of different ages.
A charging model for the Rosetta spacecraft
Authors: Johansson F. L. , Eriksson A. I. , Gilet N. , Henri P. , Wattieaux G. , Taylor M. G. G. T. , Imhof C. , Cipriani F.
Published: August 2020

Context.The electrostatic potential of a spacecraft,VS, is important for the capabilities of in situ plasma measurements. Rosetta has been found to be negatively charged during most of the comet mission and even more so in denser plasmas.

Aims.Our goal is to investigate how the negativeVScorrelates with electron density and temperature and to understand the physics of the observed correlation.

Methods.We applied full mission comparative statistics ofVS, electron temperature, and electron density to establishVSdependence on cold and warm plasma density and electron temperature. We also used Spacecraft-Plasma Interaction System (SPIS) simulations and an analytical vacuum model to investigate if positively biased elements covering a fraction of the solar array surface can explain the observed correlations.

Results.Here, theVSwas found to depend more on electron density, particularly with regard to the cold part of the electrons, and less on electron temperature than was expected for the high flux of thermal (cometary) ionospheric electrons. This behaviour was reproduced by an analytical model which is consistent with numerical simulations.

Conclusions.Rosetta is negatively driven mainly by positively biased elements on the borders of the front side of the solar panels as these can efficiently collect cold plasma electrons. Biased elements distributed elsewhere on the front side of the panels are less efficient at collecting electrons apart from locally produced electrons (photoelectrons). To avoid significant charging, future spacecraft may minimise the area of exposed bias conductors or use a positive ground power system.
Probing solar flare accelerated electron distributions with prospective X-ray polarimetry missions
Authors: Jeffrey Natasha L. S. , Saint-Hilaire Pascal , Kontar Eduard P.
Published: August 2020

Solar flare electron acceleration is an extremely efficient process, but the method of acceleration is not well constrained. Two of the essential diagnostics, electron anisotropy (velocity angle to the guiding magnetic field) and the high energy cutoff (highest energy electrons produced by the acceleration conditions: mechanism, spatial extent, and time), are important quantities that can help to constrain electron acceleration at the Sun but both are poorly determined. Here, by using electron and X-ray transport simulations that account for both collisional and non-collisional transport processes, such as turbulent scattering and X-ray albedo, we show that X-ray polarization can be used to constrain the anisotropy of the accelerated electron distribution and the most energetic accelerated electrons together. Moreover, we show that prospective missions, for example CubeSat missions without imaging information, can be used alongside such simulations to determine these parameters. We conclude that a fuller understanding of flare acceleration processes will come from missions capable of both X-ray flux and polarization spectral measurements together. Although imaging polarimetry is highly desired, we demonstrate that spectro-polarimeters without imaging can also provide strong constraints on electron anisotropy and the high energy cutoff.
Relativistic rotating vector model for X-ray millisecond pulsars
Authors: Poutanen Juri
Published: August 2020

The X-ray radiation produced on the surface of accreting magnetised neutron stars is expected to be strongly polarised. A swing of the polarisation vector with the pulsar phase gives a direct measure of the source inclination and magnetic obliquity. In the case of rapidly rotating millisecond pulsars, the relativistic motion of the emission region causes additional rotation of the polarisation plane. Here, we develop a relativistic rotating vector model, where we derive analytical expression for the polarisation angle as a function of the pulsar phase accounting for relativistic aberration and gravitational light bending in the Schwarzschild metric. We show that in the case of fast pulsars the rotation of the polarisation plane can reach tens of degrees, strongly influencing the observed shape of the polarisation angle’s phase dependence. The rotation angle grows nearly linearly with the spin rate but it is less sensitive to the neutron star radius. Overall, this angle is large even for large spots. Our results have implications with regard to the modelling of X-ray polarisation from accreting millisecond pulsars that are to be observed with the upcoming Imaging X-ray Polarimeter Explorer and the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission. The X-ray polarisation may improve constraints on the neutron star mass and radius coming from the pulse profile modelling.
Determination of the local dark matter density using K-dwarfs from Gaia DR2
Authors: Wardana M. Dafa , Wulandari Hesti , Sulistiyowati  , Khatami Akbar H.
Published: August 2020

Local dark matter density, ρdm, is one of the crucial astrophysical inputs for the estimation of detection rates in dark matter direct search experi- ments. Knowing the value also helps us to investigate the shape of the Galactic dark halo, which is of importance for indirect dark matter searches, as well as for various studies in astrophysics and cosmology. In this work, we performed kinematics study of stars in the solar neighborhood to determine the local dark matter density. As tracers we used 95,543 K-dwarfs from Gaia DR2 inside a heliocentric cylinder with a radius of 150 pc and height 200 pc above and below the Galactic mid plane. Their positions and motions were analyzed, assum- ing that the Galaxy is axisymmetric and the tracers are in dynamical equilib- rium. We applied Jeans and Poisson equations to relate the observed quantities, i.e. vertical position and velocity, with the local dark matter density. The tilt term in the Jeans equation is considered to be small and is therefore neglected. Galactic disk is modelled to consist of a single exponential stellar disk, a thin gas layer, and dark matter whose density is constant within the volume consid- ered. Marginalization for the free parameters was performed with Bayesian theorem using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. We find that ρdm= 0.0116 ± 0.0012 MO/pc or ρdm= 0.439 ± 0.046 GeV/cm3, in agreement within the range of uncertainty with results of several previous studies.
Closing up onto our sun: solar imaging
Authors: Shrivastava Kushagra , Chia Keith Wen Kai , Wong Kang Jun , Liang Tan Alfred Yong , Ning Hwee Tiang
Published: August 2020

Solar activity research provides insight into the Sun’s past, future (Science Daily, 2018). The solar activity includes observations of large numbers of intense sunspots, flares, and other phenomena; and demands a wide range of techniques and measurements on the observations. This research needs long term data collection before critical analyses can occur, to generate meaningful learning and knowledge. In this project, we will use solar imaging to make observations of solar activity, and take our baby steps to make contributions in citizen science. Observations will be made in 3 wavelengths to gain a more thorough analysis by looking at different perspectives of the Sun, namely H-Alpha, Calcium-K, and white light.
Common coypu predation on unionid mussels and terrestrial plants in an invaded Japanese river
Authors: Nagayama Shigeya , Kume Manabu , Oota Munehiro , Mizushima Koichiro , Mori Seiichi
Published: August 2020

The coypu (Myocastor coypus) is a semi-aquatic herbivorous rodent that has been suspected to prey on freshwater unionid mussels in Japan. Fecal DNA metabarcoding that targeted bivalves and terrestrial plants was performed to examine the diet of exotic coypu in the Kiso River, central Japan. Thirty-two fecal samples from four floodplain waterbodies were collected seasonally. In one of the waterbodies, live and dead mussels were investigated to examine the possible effects of coypu predation on mussel population structures. Common coypu predation on unionid mussels was confirmed in two waterbodies. Midden surveys showed that medium- to large-sized mussels tended to be consumed by coypu; possibly resulting in population structures with few large-sized individuals. Seasonal diet selection of terrestrial plants was also detected: two perennial plants were consumed throughout the year, whereas some perennial plants were consumed seasonally. The number of terrestrial plant species/taxa as primary food was higher in summer than in winter, which was attributed to the high consumption of annual plants in the summer. Future studies need to examine the exhaustive diet of coypu including other animals and plants, as well as its effects on freshwater ecosystems in invaded regions.
La phénylcétonurie
Authors: Wiedemann Arnaud , Oussalah Abderrahim , Jeannesson Élise , Guéant Jean-Louis , François Feillet
Published: August 2020

Le pronostic de la phénylcétonurie (PCU) a été transformé par le dépistage néonatal et la prise en charge diététique via un apport contrôlé en phénylalanine. Ce traitement doit être suivi toute la vie durant, ce qui pose des problèmes de compliances importants. Un traitement médicamenteux par saproptérine (ou BH4) est venu apporter une aide à un pourcentage réduit de patients qui répondent à ce médicament. Une enzymothérapie par voie sous-cutanée est disponible aux États-Unis et a obtenue une AMM européenne, mais génère des effets secondaires importants, ce qui en limite l’efficacité. De nouvelles options thérapeutiques de la PCU sont actuellement en développement, en particulier par thérapie génique. Le but de cet article est de faire le point sur la physiopathologie et sur les différentes nouvelles modalités thérapeutiques actuellement en développement.
Anomalies congénitales de la glycosylation (CDG)
Authors: Houdou Marine , Foulquier François
Published: August 2020

La glycosylation est un processus cellulaire complexe conduisant à des transferts successifs de monosaccharides sur une molécule acceptrice, le plus souvent une protéine ou un lipide. Ce processus est universel chez tous les organismes vivants et est très conservé au cours de l’évolution. Chez l’homme, des perturbations survenant au cours d’une ou plusieurs réactions de glycosylation sont à l’origine de glycopathologies génétiques rares, appelées anomalies congénitales de la glycosylation ou congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG). Cette revue propose de revisiter ces CDG, de 1980 à aujourd’hui, en présentant leurs découvertes, leurs diagnostics, leurs causes biochimiques et les traitements actuellement disponibles.
Brèves
Authors: Sibéril Sophie
Published: August 2020

L’unité d’enseignement « Immunopathologie » qui propose les brèves de ce numéro est suivie par des étudiants des sept parcours recherche du Master Biologie Santé de l’Université de Montpellier. On y étudie les bases physiopathologiques des maladies immunologiques, les cibles thérapeutiques et les mécanismes d’échappement des microorganismes et des tumeurs. Ce Master rassemble des étudiants issus du domaine des sciences et technologies et de celui de la santé. Les articles présentés ont été choisis par les étudiants selon leur domaine de prédilection.