bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Revival of African Economic History in the 21st Century: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Frederick Katharine , Juif Dácil , Meier zu Selhausen Felix
Published: November 2024

Ten years have passed since the publication of the last special issue on African economic history proclaiming the “renaissance” of the field. We carry out a bibliometric analysis of 114 articles written by 104 distinct authors and published in the leading five economic history journals from 2000 to 2024. We derive an updated outline of the key features of the evolution of African economic history in terms of quantity and impact of publications, research topics, historical period, African geographical area, type of sources and data, analytical methods and author characteristics (affiliation and gender). The field has seen an impressive expansion in publication output and impact – also outside the main economic history outlets – as well as in conference participation, variety of research topics and innovation in the use of sources. However, immediately after the publication of the special issue in 2014, this revival plateaued in terms of absolute and relative publications as well as their citational performance. Authors based at African institutions and female authors remain underrepresented; former Belgian, German, Italian and Portuguese colonies, as well as the postcolonial period remain understudied.
Los presentes-pasados en la narrativa postmemorial española y alemana
Authors: Cifre Wibrow Patricia
Published: November 2024

En el presente artículo se analiza la configuración de las relaciones presente-pasado en la literatura de la memoria alemana y española. Se trata de mostrar que el giro cultural de la memoria que tuvo lugar en España en torno al año 2007 está propiciando un acercamiento entre estas dos tradiciones literarias, siendo uno de los elementos compartidos la perspectiva postmemorial que permite detectar tanto las continuidades como las discontinuidades genealógicas. Ello será ejemplificado a través del análisis de una serie de narrativas que se ofrecen a ser interpretadas desde la noción de postmemoria desarrollada por Marianne Hirsch (2008): El jinete polaco (1995) de Antonio Muñoz Molina, Im Krebsgang [A paso de cangrejo] (2002) de Günter Grass, Am Beispiel meines Bruders [Tras la sombra de mi hermano] (2003) de Uwe Timm y Lo que a nadie le importa (2014) de Sergio del Molino.
Conflictos políticos en el teatro documento postdramático. Casos en los mundos germano e hispanohablante
Authors: Gimber Arno
Published: November 2024

El género dramático, al ser representado en público, constituye un medio especial para abordar conflictos políticos y sociales. Permite ofrecer una visión crítica que incluye información histórica y recuerdos personales de los implicados. Esto es particularmente recurrente en el teatro documento postdramático, donde a veces los propios protagonistas son llevados al escenario. La reflexión sobre la realidad y la autenticidad en los escenarios es un denominador común en la escena actual, a pesar de las diferencias temáticas entre los países de habla alemana y España.
'Los peces de la amargura' de Fernando Aramburu: Un diálogo transnacional y multidireccional
Authors: Pérez Zancas Rosa
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo se enfoca en la antología Los peces de la amargura de Fernando Aramburu, la cual aborda las repercusiones del terrorismo de ETA en sus víctimas desde diferentes ángulos. El propósito principal de esta investigación es analizar los motivos recurrentes de la literatura de la memoria empleados por Aramburu para situarse en el contexto de la cultura de la memoria transnacional del pasado reciente. Para ello, se recurre a conceptos como la ‘Multidirectional Memory’ y ‘The Implicated Subject’, desarrollados por Michael Rothberg. Se exploran los topoi literarios, recurriendo a obras en lengua alemana sobre la violencia del nazismo y la extrema derecha, teniendo en cuenta las diferencias espacio-temporales y evitando caer en una ‘competencia de víctimas’.
Antiguas perspectivas en el discurso moderno: tópicos literarios en la búsqueda de la paz
Authors: Nazemi Zahra
Published: November 2024

Este estudio explora un aspecto significativo del análisis de los tópicos literarios, que permite la conexión de textos de diversos trasfondos culturales, históricos y literarios. Basándose en una investigación previa sobre la posición de los tópicos en los estudios de literatura comparada, el objetivo de la presente investigación es ilustrar cómo estos conceptos recurrentes tienen la capacidad de relacionar textos de diferentes contextos. Esto facilita un intercambio significativo entre los lectores, mejorando la comprensión de ideas compartidas y potencialmente contribuyendo a la paz y a la concordia. Además, este estudio revela que la presencia de los tópicos se extiende más allá del ámbito de la literatura y puede encontrarse en diversos medios culturales como la televisión o el cine. Para respaldar estos argumentos, el análisis se centra en la representación de la «locura del amor» en una serie de televisión iraní llamada Shahrzad (2015), dirigida por Hassan Fathi, y en la obra teatral estadounidense A Electra le sienta bien el luto (1931) de Eugene O’Neill. Al rastrear sus orígenes hasta el Otelo de Shakespeare, a su vez profundamente influenciado por la literatura clásica occidental, este análisis destaca el impacto perdurable de los tópicos a lo largo de diferentes períodos y contextos culturales.
Lenguaje gótico (femenino) y narraciones enmarcadas en The Weir, de Conor McPherson
Authors: Correoso Rodenas José Manuel
Published: November 2024

En 1997, The Weir se convertiría en el primer gran éxito del joven dramaturgo irlandés Conor McPherson. Usando la poética de las narraciones enmarcadas, McPherson consigue dar una dimensionalidad inaudita a lo que se representa. Como ocurriera en la novela gótica, se apreciará cómo serán mujeres los necesarios conductos para que lo sobrenatural cobre forma en medio de lo cotidiano. Un hada, una anciana con tendencias alcohólicas, una niña acosada y una maestra rural serán las protagonistas de este camino. A través del personaje de Valerie, sin embargo, se irá viendo cómo esas mujeres dejan su papel tradicional de víctimas o entes pintorescos para convertirse en verdaderos narradores góticos. El objetivo de este artículo es doble, pues por un lado pretende analizar cómo esos personajes femeninos articulan la propia obra dándole una estructura perfectamente nivelada en un crescendo y, por otro, se pretende ver cómo el autor juega con la combinación del lenguaje dramático y el narrativo.
La memoria de las Brigadas Internacionales en la literatura europea
Authors: Siguan Boehmer Maria Luisa
Published: November 2024

El texto propone el análisis de la narrativa, de testimonio o de ficción, que consfigura la memoria de las Brigadas Internacionales en la Guerra Civil española a lo largo del tiempo hasta nuestros días. Estudia textos de los propios combatientes y de generaciones posteriores, documentos autobiográficos y testimoniales, autoficciones y novelas hasta nuestros días. Se centra en estudiar los mecanismos de escritura desde la memoria y la postmemoria, la problemática relación cambiante entre recuerdo y narración, entre documento, testimonio y ficción. Las obras objeto de estudio son de Alfred Kantorowitz, Gustav Regler, George Orwell, Ilsa Barea Kulcsar, Moises Broggi, Erich Hackl, Jordi Martí Rueda, Helena Janeczek, Jordi Cantavelles, Maria Barbal, John Christopher Sansom y Marc Arnold Wiederkehr.
Performance Research on Multi-Target Detection in Different Noisy Environments
Authors: Yin Yuhong , Jia Qian , Xu Huiqi , Fu Guanglei
Published: November 2024

This paper studies five classic multi-target detection methods in different noisy environments, including Akaike information criterion, ration criterion, Rissanen's minimum description length, Gerschgorin disk estimator and Eigen-increment threshold methods. Theoretical and statistical analyses of these methods have been done through simulations and a real-world water tank experiment. It is known that these detection approaches suffer from array errors and environmental noises. A new diagonal correction algorithm has been proposed to address the issue of degraded detection performance in practical systems due to array errors and environmental noises. This algorithm not only improves the detection performance of these multi-target detection methods in low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), but also enhances the robust property in high SNR scenarios.
Political cleavages in Brazil: a longitudinal dimension
Authors: Borba Julian , Silva Gregorio , Amorim Lucas
Published: November 2024

The study investigates the persistence and evolution of political cleavages in Brazil, examining how differences in public opinion relate to value priorities (materialism and postmaterialism) and party preference for the Workers’ Party (PT). The empirical basis consists of data from five waves of the World Values Survey (1991, 1997, 2006, 2014, and 2018), analyzed using factor analysis and item response theory techniques. The results reveal a value difference of the liberal-fundamentalist type that remains constant over the waves, with fundamentalist voters being more materialistic and less likely to prefer the PT. Additionally, it is observed that the relationship between this liberal-fundamentalist difference and the preference for the PT has become less stable over time, reflecting changes in the party’s base. These findings highlight the significant role of religious mobilization in Brazil and evidence historical roots in Brazilian public opinion that help to understand contemporary phenomena. By providing empirical evidence from the Brazilian context, the study contributes to the broader literature on political cleavages and suggests new directions for comparative research in other Latin American countries.
Effects of dietary garlic (Allium sativum) and papaya (Carica papaya) leaf powder on production performance, ruminal methanogen levels, gut parameters, and meat quality in goats
Authors: Ul-Ain Qurrat , Rabbani Imtiaz , Rashid Muhammad Afzal , Yousaf Muhammad Shahbaz , Shehzad Wasim , Rehman Habib
Published: November 2024

Background and Aim: Several approaches have been employed to mitigate methane emissions from livestock, with varied results. This study evaluated the effects of shade-dried ground garlic leaf (GL) powder and papaya leaf (PL) powder as crop waste on feed intake, growth performance, ruminal microbial counts, gut epithelial barrier functions, and meat quality in goats.

Materials and Methods: Forty male adult Beetal goats were randomly divided into five treatment groups: (1) Control (basal diet only); (2) basal diet supplemented with 6% bromodichloromethane (BCM); (3) basal diet supplemented with 30% GL powder; (4) basal diet supplemented with 26% PL powder; and (5) basal diet supplemented with 30% GL powder and 26% PL powder (GP).

Results: Average weight gain, feed conversion ratio, fecal score, and albumin improved in the GP. Aspartate transferase increased significantly in BCM, GL, and PL and was insignificant in the GP group compared with the C group. There was a 13% decrease in methanogen count in PL compared with C, but this difference was not significant between BCM and GP. Ruminal bacteria and protozoa were lowest in GL. Ruminal papilla height and surface area increased in the supplemented groups compared with C (p < 0.05). In vitro experiments using isolated ruminal epithelia revealed a 39% increase in short-circuit current in GP compared with C (p < 0.05). For meat parameters, the pH 24 h decreased significantly in GL compared to BCM.

Conclusion: Dietary supplementations with GL and PL alone or in combination improved growth parameters and gut performance and reduced rumen methanogen levels without altering meat quality parameters. Proper diet formulation and further research on other ruminants may help reduce greenhouse gas emissions from livestock.

Keywords: Beetal goat, growth performance, methane emissions, short-circuit current.
Últimos paraísos. Urbanización del espacio rural y resistencia social en el Pueblo Mágico de Sisal, Yucatán
Authors: González Márquez Eliana del Pilar , García de Fuentes Ana
Published: November 2024

La zona costera del estado de Yucatán ha experimentado una explosión inmobiliaria relacionada con el turismo de segunda residencia, las características paisajísticas y ecológicas locales y la seguridad pública. El pueblo de Sisal, Yucatán, fue declarado Pueblo Mágico el 1º de diciembre de 2020. Este nombramiento ha acelerado el desarrollo inmobiliario en la zona costera y ha exacerbado los conflictos dentro de la población debido al acceso limitado a la tierra y los recursos y al incremento en el costo de la vida. Integramos cartografía y etnografía para analizar la expansión inmobiliaria y los conflictos surgidos de esa designación como formas de despojo capitalista del territorio. Y mostramos cómo el rápido ritmo de transformación del uso de la tierra y las crecientes tensiones que surgen entre las poblaciones pesqueras locales contribuyen al desplazamiento social empeoran las disparidades de poder entre los actores involucrados en los proyectos de desarrollo urbano e intensifican la pérdida del patrimonio natural de las comunidades rurales.
Análisis multitemporal de las áreas quemadas en ecosistemas tropicales de Campeche, México: causas meteorológicas y antrópicas
Authors: Carbajal-Domínguez Alfonso , Manzo-Delgado Lilia de Lourdes , Monzón-Alvarado Claudia María , Neger Christoph
Published: November 2024

Cada día se pierden 20 000 hectáreas de selvas debido al fuego en la zona intertropical del planeta. La sensibilidad de las selvas al fuego se debe a la alta tasa de mortalidad que amenaza a estos ecosistemas. La investigación se centra en analizar la distribución de áreas quemadas en las selvas de la región oriental del municipio de Escárcega, Campeche, entre 2013 y 2020, y explorar su vínculo con las condiciones meteorológicas y el uso agropecuario del fuego. Para la detección de áreas quemadas, se utilizaron imágenes de satélite Landsat 8 OLI y los índices espectrales NBR y BAI. Se quemaron 29 151.82 hectáreas, que corresponde al 12.06% de la selva del área en estudio. En 2019 se registró la mayor extensión quemada, así como el incendio más extenso que corresponde con un año de altas temperaturas y baja precipitación, que confirma la relación entre las condiciones climáticas de sequía y el aumento de incendios. Se aplicaron 26 entrevistas en nueve ejidos que permitieron averiguar las causas de los incendios, entre las que destacan la caza furtiva, quemas agropecuarias y cambio de uso de suelo. La gestión adecuada del fuego es crucial para preservar la biodiversidad y los servicios ecosistémicos. La interacción entre acciones humanas y variables meteorológicas influye en la frecuencia de los incendios, donde un manejo inapropiado del fuego puede dar como resultado quemas descontroladas y las condiciones climáticas pueden favorecer su propagación.
López Levi, L. (2024) Destierro y Memoria. Trayectorias de familias judías piemontesas
Authors: Ramírez Velázquez Blanca Rebeca
Published: November 2024

López Levi, L. (2024) Destierro y Memoria. Trayectorias de familias judías piemontesas. México: Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Xochimilco, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, UNAM, Fides Ediciones, 528 pp. ISBN UAM 978-607-28-3075-2
Van Duzer, C. (2023) Frames that speak. Cartouches on Early Modern Maps Leiden
Authors: Favila Vázquez Mariana
Published: November 2024

Van Duzer, C. (2023) Frames that speak. Cartouches on Early Modern Maps Leiden. Boston: Brill, 254 pp. ISBN 978-90-04-52383-8 (e-book). Edición en acceso abierto: https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/76094
Terán, F. de (2023). Atlas histórico del urbanismo español
Authors: Camerin Federico
Published: November 2024

Terán, F. de (2023). Atlas histórico del urbanismo español. Madrid: Fundación Arquia, 560 pp. ISBN 978-84-125906-5-4
Altable, F. (Coord.) (2022). Mar del Sur. Entre el mito y la realidad, siglo XVI-XIX
Authors: Estrada López Fernando Fady
Published: November 2024

Altable, F. (Coord.) (2022). Mar del Sur. Entre el mito y la realidad, siglo XVI-XIX. Cuadernos Universitarios, publicación digital, CD. México: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, 265 pp. ISBN: 978-607-8654-39-0
The Role of Human Resources in The Development of Islamic Banking in Indonesia
Authors: Caniago Muhammad Ali Imran , Joko Setyono  , Harahap Lukman Hakim
Published: November 2024

Research Aims: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of human resources' (HR) competence and education level on the Return on Asset (ROA).
Design/methodology/approach: The competency indicator is measured by the budget allocated for employee training and education, while the education level indicator is gauged by the number of employees who earned a college degree. The sample for this research is eight Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia for the 2018-2022 period using panel data regression analysis with the help of E-views 10.
Research Findings: The findings indicate that competency did not have a significant impact on Return on Assets (ROA) while the level of education had a significant positive effect on ROA. Simultaneously Competency and Education Level have a significant effect on Return on Assets (ROA). The competency variable and level of education can influence the ROA variable by up to 40%, while other unexamined variables have an impact of around 60%.
Research limitation and implication: The study's results suggest that Islamic banking should increase the proportion of college graduates among its employees as their ratio has a significant positive impact on Return on Assets (ROA). Additionally, the company should focus on employee training and education tailored to their needs in order to improve financial performance.
Cinco ejes en el pensamiento de Johan Galtung
Authors: Martínez Pérez Beatriz
Published: November 2024

La pregunta sigue siendo el porqué de la guerra. Y es que los actos violentos de la humanidad son el resultado de situaciones y conflictos inconclusos e irresolutos que han tomado la vía de la violencia llevada al extremo (guerra) como instrumento que materializa el emergente inconsciente individual y colectivo compuesto de capas profundas de daño, sufrimiento, dolor y culpa. Si disminuyen los actos violentos disminuirán los daños y el sufrimiento, y por ende la culpa, y si disminuye el sufrimiento y la culpa disminuirán los actos violentos tomados como venganza, reflejo del resentimiento, dejando espacio para que emerja a la superficie el lado virtuoso de la humanidad, la compasión y el amor. La comprensión del origen y las raíces subyacentes de los actos violentos llevados al extremo por la humanidad es tarea difícil. Sin embargo, es imprescindible comprender para poder crear alternativas reales y potenciales en la construcción de sistemas pacíficos. Por lo que se hace imprescindible conocer, para comprender la condición humana en sus raíces más profundas. Será a través del estudio profundo, el análisis y la sistematización de los cinco ejes del pensamiento y la “alambicada obra Galtuniana”, como podremos alcanzar el ABC de la compresión del mundo desde el conflicto a la violencia y de la violencia a la construcción de paz. Es importante compartir con el lector que esta es la primera parte de las dos que constituyen el trabajo en el que se revisa y se recoge la síntesis sobre la obra Galtuniana. El propósito es mostrar que el camino hacia la construcción de Paz es un Proceso con vida propia en continua impermanencia.
Cover Jurnal Fitopatologi Vol. 20 No. 4, July 2024
Authors: Editors Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia
Published: November 2024

This editorial contains the front cover, editorial page, and back cover of the Jurnal Fitopatologi Vol. 20 No. 4, July 2024.
BioBlitz as a Tool for Uncovering Changes in Forest Bat Communities in the Southeastern United States
Authors: Perea Santiago , Ferrall Emily , Morris Katrina , Pattavina Pete , Sharp Nicholas , Hunt Maggie , Pattavina Laci , Castleberry Nikole , Castleberry Steven
Published: November 2024

BioBlitzes, rapid field studies conducted by a collaborative team of scientists and
conservation professionals in specific geographic areas, offer an opportunity to
enhance research capabilities, foster partnerships, and provide learning opportunities
for scientists, conservation professionals, and non-professional volunteers. Since
the detection of white-nose syndrome (WNS) in North America, populations of
cave-dwelling bats have declined significantly. However, most studies documenting
declines have occurred in the core of the WNS-affected area in the eastern United
States. To examine changes in capture rates along the periphery of the WNS-affected
region, we examined captures from Bat Blitz events (i.e., a subset of a BioBlitz
focused exclusively on bats) in northern Alabama and Georgia, USA, before (n = 2;
2008, 2010) and after (n = 2; 2022, 2023) WNS detection. Pre-WNS detection, we
captured 676 bats from 11 species, contrasting with post-WNS, where only 283 bats
from seven species were captured. Our results show significant declines in captures
of the federally endangered northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis) and
the proposed endangered tricolored bat (Perimyotis subflavus), with decreases of
99,4% and 87,7%, respectively. While other common species showed no significant
changes, eastern red bat capture rates declined by 35,4%, and captures of big brown
and evening bats increased by 8,0% and 15,0%, respectively. In addition, we observed
decreases of > 99% for most myotis species. Overall, our results support documented
declines observed for WNS-affected species in northern regions, emphasizing the
urgent need for conservation measures for northern long-eared and tricolored bats.
Furthermore, we highlight the value of BioBlitz events to conduct surveys at broad
spatial and temporal scales efficiently.
New departmental records for Paraguayan bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera)
Authors: Smith Paul , Belén Barreto María , Vargas Gersey , Owen Matthew , Amarilla-Stevens Heidi , Ruedi Manuel , Rojas Francisco , D. Owen Robert
Published: November 2024

The authors reviewed unpublished specimens of Paraguayan Chiroptera and
document 34 new departmental records for 23 species in 15 genera (three
photographic and 155 specimen records) belonging to the families Noctilionidae,
Molossidae, Phyllostomidae and Vespertilionidae. An updated distributional table of
Paraguayan bats by department is provided. We encourage future researchers with
the means to review other collections holding Paraguayan specimens to do so and
further expand our understanding of Paraguayan bat distribution.
„Wzorowa stenotypistka z domu eksportowego bawełny i wyrobów bawełnianych”. Włókna pisane w prozie Alicji Stern
Authors: Baron-Milian Marta
Published: November 2024

Artykuł stanowi próbę interpretacji powieści Alicji Stern zatytułowanej Ciała się oddalają, która opublikowana została w 1931 roku w sześciu odcinkach na łamach feministycznego pisma tygodniowego żydowskich kobiet „Ewa”. Autorka artykułu podejmuje próbę analizy tekstu jako jednej z nielicznych w Polsce feministycznych literackich odpowiedzi na futurystyczne hasła, idee i retorykę. W przyjętej optyce wyraźna staje się parodystyczna rama powieści, w obrębie której jednocześnie realizuje się feministyczna krytyka konserwatywnych wzorców romansu oraz ironiczne przewartościowanie postulatów awangardy. Widoczne stają się również nawiązania do figury Nowej Kobiety i podejmowane przez Alicję Stern krytyczne intertekstualne gry ze stereotypami dotyczącymi kobiecej podmiotowości i seksualności.
Hoża w kolorze. O zadomowieniu w awangardzie
Authors: Karpowicz Agnieszka
Published: November 2024

W artykule prześledzono awangardowe inspiracje książki Pawła Kłudkiewicza Hoża. Moja ulica / Hoża. My Street (2022). Zwrócono uwagę na rolę logowizualności w kontekście miejskim, a także na funkcję zestawu kolorów: czerni, czerwieni i bieli, odsyłającego do konstruktywistycznych, zaangażowanych społecznie projektów pierwszej awangardy. Wskazano także na bezpośrednie odwołania do poematu Europa Anatola Sterna, Mieczysława Szczuki i Teresy Żarnower i odniesienia do estetyki grupy Twożywo, czerpiącej wprost ze sztuki konstruktywistycznej. Wskazano, że taka estetyka jest w książce Kłudkiewicza nośnikiem znaczeń społeczno-politycznych (nierówności społeczne, wynaturzenia kapitalizmu i nowoczesnego urbanizmu, widoczne w materialnej tkance współczesnego i międzywojennego miasta).
Characterization of the translational shear properties of the magnetorheological elastomers embedding the tilt chain-like structure
Authors: Lin Dezhao , Gong Di , Yang Fan , Li Ruihong , Zhang Weiqiang
Published: November 2024

In this study, the translational shear characteristics of the magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) with different chain-like structure angles (0°–90° with 15° increment) are tested and analyzed in detail. The experiments are performed under board ranges of strain amplitudes (1–20%), excitation frequencies (0.1–50 Hz), and magnetic fields (0–375 mT). The measured force-displacement data are utilized to analyze the role of chain-like structure angles on the viscoelastic properties together with their dependency on the excitation conditions, mass ratio of magnetic particles, and the magnetic field. The results illustrate that compared with the isotropic MREs and anisotropic MREs with symmetrical chain-like structures, the anisotropic MREs with the tilt chain-like structure can provide more significant variations in the average storage and loss moduli with a slight effect on the zero-field viscoelastic properties, and it exhibits higher frequency and strain dependencies. It can also suggest that the MREs with 30° chain-like structure have the largest MR effect. Besides, the mass ratio of the magnetic particles leads to an increase in the shear modulus of the MREs with the tilt chain-like structure. The test results can provide the fundamental characteristics of MREs for the application design.
Metaphorical meanings of color symbols in literature
Authors: Zhao Qian , Castaneda Abdullah Amalia Qistina
Published: November 2024

In literature, color words serve as important carriers for writers to convey their emotions. In this paper, color words in literary works written by over 30 famous writers from different countries and regions in world literature are selected as the research object. According to the frequency of their use in the selected literary works, our analysis divides the different color symbols into two types: high-frequency and low-frequency. Among the various color symbols, red, blue, white, black, and yellow are classified as high-frequency color symbols. Purple, gray, green, and brown belong to low-frequency color symbols. Comparatively speaking, the metaphorical meanings of high-frequency color symbols are richer and more diverse, while the symbolic meanings of low-frequency color symbols are relatively simple. Through the analysis of the color symbols in the literary works, we find that there is a benign interaction between color symbols and literary works. On the one hand, writers convey their pursuit of art and aesthetics through color symbols. Color symbols become a perfect medium for them to express ideas, show themes, and construct characters. On the other hand, literary works also expand and enrich the metaphorical meaning of color symbols.
Predicting stability factors for rotational failures in earth slopes and embankments using artificial intelligence techniques
Authors: Cemiloglu Ahmed , Cao Yingying , Sabonchi Arkan K. S. , Nanehkaran Yaser A.
Published: November 2024

This study focuses on slope stability analysis, a critical process for understanding the conditions, durability, mass properties, and failure mechanisms of slopes. The research specifically addresses rotational-type failure, the primary instability mechanism affecting earth slopes. Identifying and understanding key factors such as slope height, slope angle, density, cohesion, friction, water pore pressure, and tensile cracks are essential for effective stabilization strategies. The objective of this study is to develop accurate predictive models for slope stability analysis using advanced intelligent techniques, including data mining mapping and complex decision tree regression (DTR). The models were validated using performance metrics such as mean absolute error (MAE), mean squared error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), and the coefficient of determination (R²). Additionally, overall accuracy was assessed using a confusion matrix. The predictive model was tested on a dataset of 120 slope cases, achieving an accuracy of approximately 91.07% with DTR. The error rates for the training set were MAE = 0.1242, MSE = 0.1722, and RMSE = 0.1098, demonstrating the model’s capability to effectively analyze and predict slope stability in earth slopes and embankments. The study concludes that these intelligent techniques offer a reliable approach for stability analysis, contributing to safer and more efficient slope management.
Physical intrinsic characteristics of spheroidal particles in coal gasification fine slag
Authors: Li Yijin , Mao Lirui
Published: November 2024

Spheroidal particles constitute the primary particulate signature within coal gasification fine slag (FS) residues. This research endeavor is centered on elucidating the physical configuration and intrinsic attributes of these spheroidal particles and deducing their primary genesis mechanisms through the application of optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), transmission electron microscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. Notably, the spheroidal particles prevalent in FS predominantly comprise inorganic constituents like aluminum, silicon, and calcium. These particles exhibit a relatively uniform morphology with smooth exteriors and a spectrum of sizes. They predominantly manifest in encapsulated, adhered, and dispersed structural forms. The formation trajectory of these spheroidal particles encompasses multiple phases, encompassing the melting of the ash matrix derived from coal, the coalescence of the liquid phase, internal nucleation processes, layer-by-layer deposition, the bridging and aggregation of minute particles, and growth via precursor-mediated pathways.
Optimization of the road bump and pothole detection technology using convolutional neural network
Authors: Ding Haiping , Tang Qianlong
Published: November 2024

In highway bridge engineering, it is essential to use modern image processing methods to effectively detect and classify road bumps and potholes, considering the unique characteristics of bridge surfaces. Accurate identification and handling of road surface irregularities are crucial for preserving the longevity and security of transportation infrastructure. The study proposes a Convolutional Neural Network for Highway Anomaly Detection (BCNN-HAD) that uses the “BridgeGuard-Vision” (BGV) method, a computer vision technology for highway bridges to increase the accuracy and efficiency of automated image processing for more accurate detection of road irregularities in highway surveillance. Through model training using datasets that imitate various environmental conditions frequently seen on highway bridges, the proposed approach obtains dependable characteristics from photos taken close to bridges, improving flexibility and accuracy. The training method considers variations in lighting, weather conditions, and bridge materials, ensuring the model performs well in various real-world situations. In addition, this work explores the combination of sensor fusion techniques, combining data from many sources such as bridge structural health monitoring systems, cameras, accelerometers, and Global Positioning System. This comprehensive method, represented by BGV-YOLOv5, aims to offer a complete understanding of the bridge surroundings, therefore helping to detect road irregularities and further developing the field of bridge health monitoring. Expected results involve developing a personalized and effective system for detecting road bumps and potholes to tackle specific difficulties in highway bridge situations. In addition, the project seeks to provide a structure for smart transportation systems in the field of bridge engineering. This project seeks to address the particular requirements of highway bridge engineers, improving road safety and infrastructure maintenance methods in highway bridge engineering with the overall objective of establishing a safer and longer-lasting transportation network.
Gestational weight gain and obstetric outcomes in women with obesity in an inner-city population
Authors: Mathur Deepali , Haugland Megan , Leubner Megan , Hovstadius Sara , Wakefield Dorothy , Figueroa Reinaldo
Published: November 2024

Objectives

To describe maternal and perinatal outcomes in patients with BMI ≥30 kg/m2 by BMI class and gestational weight gain.

Methods

Retrospective review of singleton pregnancies with pre-pregnancy BMI ≥30 kg/m2 who received care at our institution between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2021. Patients were divided into three categories based on BMI (kg/m2): Class I (BMI 30.0–34.9), Class II (BMI 35–39.9), and Class III (BMI≥40) obesity. For gestational weight gain analysis, pregnancies were stratified into three groups: <11 pounds, 11–20 pounds, and >20 pounds. Maternal demographics and outcomes were compared using chi-square analysis, analysis of variance, nonparametric tests, and multivariable regression analysis.

Results

Of 641 patients included, 299 (46.6 %) were in Class I, 209 (32.6 %) in Class II, and 133 (20.7 %) in Class III. Readmission within 6 weeks postpartum, the only outcome found to have a significant difference between BMI categories, was higher in the Class III group (p=0.01). One hundred sixty-two (25.3 %) patients gained <11 pounds, 164 (25.6 %) gained 11–20 pounds, and 313 (48.8 %) gained ≥20 pounds. Greater gestational weight gain was associated with increased rates of cesarean delivery (p<0.001), higher quantitative blood loss (p=0.006), longer length of hospitalization (p=0.03), and higher birthweights (p<0.001).

Conclusions

This represents a unique and actionable opportunity for clinicians to counsel and support their patients in adhering to optimal weight gain targets throughout their pregnancy. Future studies are needed to determine the optimal gestational weight gain recommendations for obese patients.
Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn: pregnant person’s and fetal immune systems interaction
Authors: Voto Liliana , Gonzalez Carlos Alberto , Gonzalez Silvana
Published: November 2024

There exists a need to research new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches that consider hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn (HDFN)’s physiopathology and focus not only on the pregnant person’s immune system but also on the fetal immune system. This implies, in the final sense, to view the fetus as our patient. In spite of having found a safe and efficient method of prevention of HDFN more than 50 years ago, HDFN continues to be a relevant cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality, due to lack of access to immunoprophylaxis. In light of the above, we should strive to prevent sensitization and HDFN by ensuring certain health policies across the globe, especially in countries and regions of high morbidity and mortality.
Role of COX6C and NDUFB3 in septic shock and stroke
Authors: Tian Wenbin , Zhang Pei , Yu Ning , Zhu Junyu , Liu Chao , Liu Xuefang , Liu Ya
Published: November 2024

Background

Septic shock is a clinical syndrome characterized by acute circulatory disturbance. Stroke is an acute cerebrovascular disease caused by brain tissue damage. However, the relationship of COX6C and NDUFB3 to them is unclear.

Method

The stroke dataset GSE58294 and the septic shock dataset GSE15491 were downloaded from the gene expression omnibus database. Screening of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), weighted gene co-expression network analysis, construction and analysis of protein–protein interaction network, functional enrichment analysis, gene set enrichment analysis, immune infiltration analysis, and comparative toxicogenomics database (CTD) analysis were performed. Gene expression heat map was drawn. TargetScan screened miRNAs regulating central DEGs.

Results

A total of 664 DEGs were obtained. Gene ontology analysis showed that they were mainly enriched in leukocyte activation, intracellular vesicle, neutrophil activation, and cytokine receptor activity. According to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis, they are mainly enriched in metabolic pathways, phagosomes, and Staphylococcus aureus infection. Core genes (UQCRQ, USMG5 [ATP5MD], COX6C, NDUFB3, ATP5L [ATP5MG], COX7C, NDUFA1, NDUFA4) were highly expressed in septic shock and stroke samples. CTD analysis found that eight core genes are associated with liver enlargement, inflammation, proliferation, fibrosis, and necrosis.

Conclusion

COX6C and NDUFB3 genes are highly expressed in septic shock and stroke. The higher the COX6C and NDUFB3 genes, the worse the prognosis.
The causal effects of childhood sunburn occasions on melanoma: A univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Sun Wei , Sun Huihui , Yu Chong
Published: November 2024

Observational studies have shown an association between childhood sunburn occasions (CSOs) and melanoma in situ (MIS). However, these studies have shown contradictory results. Here, we used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method to make a causal inference between CSOs and melanoma at the genetic level. Based on the publicly available genome-wide association study summary data, including childhood sunburn (n = 346,955) and MIS (n = 218,792), the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method of the random effects model was used, supplemented by the MR-Egger method, the weighted median method, and the weighted mode method. IVW results showed a 2.58-fold increased risk of melanoma development for each standard deviation increase in CSOs (odds ratio [OR] = 3.58; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.68–7.64; P = 1.00 × 10−3), with the MR-Egger (OR = 4.76, 95% CI: 1.65–13.75, P = 5.60 × 10−3), weighted median (OR = 4.89, 95% CI: 1.62–14.76, P = 4.90 × 10−3), and weighted mode (OR = 6.26, 95% CI: 2.49–15.77, P = 3.00 × 10−4) supporting the results. Furthermore, both the funnel plot and the MR-Egger intercepts showed the absence of directional pleiotropy between childhood sunburn and MIS. Our study confirmed that CSOs increase the risk of melanoma development.
Trends in disease burden of type 2 diabetes, stroke, and hypertensive heart disease attributable to high BMI in China: 1990–2019
Authors: Wang Yunchao , Jiang Junlin , Zhu Zhongxin
Published: November 2024

Background

High body mass index (BMI) is a significant risk factor for non-communicable diseases; however, its impact on disease burden in China remains understudied. This study aimed to analyze trends in the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), stroke, and hypertensive heart disease (HHD) attributable to high BMI in China from 1990 to 2019.

Methods

We utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study, quantifying disease burden through years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Joinpoint regression analysis was employed to determine temporal trends.

Results

The study revealed distinct gender-specific temporal trends. Men exhibited a consistent increase in disease burden across all three conditions. Women showed more nuanced patterns: a gradual rise in T2DM burden, an inverted U-shaped trend for stroke, and a U-shaped trend for HHD in terms of age-standardized DALYs. Age-specific analysis demonstrated that the burden of T2DM and stroke peaked in the 70–74-year age group, whereas HHD-related DALYs continued to increase with advancing age.

Conclusions

Our findings underscore the need for tailored obesity prevention and management strategies in Chinese healthcare settings, emphasizing early screening and intervention for high BMI, particularly in middle-aged and older adults.
TEMPO DE ESPERAR: A RESISTÊNCIA, ESTRATÉGIAS E LUTA EM ACAMPAMENTOS MST NO OESTE NO PARANÁ
Authors: Lobregat Maria Cristina
Published: November 2024

Este artigo apresenta algumas interpretações produzidas a partir das experiências etnográficas vividas durante a pesquisa de doutorado vinculada ao PPGSCF- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociedade Cultura e Fronteiras (UNIOESTE), cujo objetivo consistia em interpretar as variadas estratégias de espera e resistência de trabalhadores sem-terra, em situação de “liminaridade” (TURNER, 2013) em dois Acampamentos MST localizados em São Miguel do Iguaçu e Agro Cafeeira (Distrito de Matelândia), ambos na região oeste do Paraná. Os dados foram obtidos por meio da observação participante, entrevistas nos acampamentos e anotações em caderno de campo. O grupo social de trabalhadores rurais sem-terra, consiste em um conjunto de famílias que retornaram ao Brasil no início dos anos 2000 e integraram-se ao MST após a experiência de viver no Paraguai. As análises das narrativas retomam as memórias de luta e resistência que compõem o tempo de espera pela terra. Nesse sentido, as interpretações das possibilidades conclusivas refletem as estratégias de resistência, luta e espera pela terra após as ocupações/despejos, bem como das constituições dos “lugares” familiares e coletivos dentro dos acampamentos que definem o provisório em um “tempo de espera” longo pelo período de existência de cada acampamento (entre 5 e 15 anos em 2019), são o tempo e o espaço materializando a luta e resistência na experiência do trabalhador acampado.
O(S) PROJETO(S) HEGEMÔNICO(S), O CONFLITO E A CENA POLÍTICA NO CAIS DO PORTO DE PORTO ALEGRE
Authors: Paiva Ribeiro Eduardo , Edison Belo Reyes Paulo
Published: November 2024

O Cais do Porto de Porto Alegre tem sido alvo de propostas e de especulação. O momento recente tem sido de proposição de grandes transformações do lugar, como requer o ciclo capitalista e o planejamento neoliberal. Contudo, entende-se que o projeto imposto, que chega pronto para apreciação popular, não dá conta da complexidade do território. Embora a forma de atuação hegemônica busque sufocar a política, emergem reações locais contrárias, como vê-se na cena-assembleia, em 2015, onde manifestantes expuseram o seu descontentamento com o projeto, revelando caráter político do acontecimento. O presente texto propõe problematizar os recentes projetos para o Cais do Porto de Porto Alegre, pois entende-se que o local está envolto em um ciclo repetitivo de propostas de caráter similar, que expressam um modo de pensar hegemônico, uniformizante, de reprodução de (pedaços de) cidades. Após a contextualização do problema, sugere-se que se pense uma práxis atravessada pela explicitação do conflito e pela suspensão do projeto, desviando de soluções pré-concebidas. Para tanto, é importante que se reconheça os agentes em disputa, as particularidades e as partes que cabem a cada um dentro de uma esfera comum. Este artigo organiza-se conforme a seguinte linha de raciocínio: breve reconstrução histórica do Cais e dos seus projetos; reconhecimento do conflito gerado pelo projeto sem diálogo; proposição de um atravessamento teórico pelos conceitos cena, dano, política e polícia; e sugestão de abordagem para uma práxis contra hegemônica.
PRÁXIS EXTENSIONISTA TRANSFORMADORA
Authors: Ribeiro Couto Gabriel , Maria Souza de Andrade Liza , Anna Fanny Lenoir Juliette
Published: November 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um panorama geral dos projetos de assessoria sociotécnica da resistência em Arquitetura e Urbanismo desenvolvidos pelo grupo de pesquisa e extensão “Periférico, Trabalhos Emergentes” da Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade de Brasília. Esse grupo entrelaça tecnociência solidária, baseada no interacionismo pedagógico e sociotécnico, com o Direito Achado na Rua. As práticas apresentadas abordam temas da Arquitetura e do Urbanismo tão variados quanto as configurações socioespaciais encontradas no território do Distrito Federal (DF) e entorno: territórios informais, regularizados ou regulares, na área urbana ou rural. O Grupo Periférico tem contribuído para solucionar problemas sociais, mediar conflitos socioambientais, na construção da autonomia, conscientização, conciliação de saberes, emancipação, mobilização e empoderamento dos sujeitos coletivos de Direito do DF e entorno, bem como para a produção de conhecimento, incluindo saberes populares em práticas emergentes.
O RESTAURO DO MODERNO
Authors: Rosí Brodbeck Magda , Bortoli Fabio
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo é resultado da dissertação de Mestrado que aborda a Teoria da Restauração de Cesare Brandi (1963) e sua aplicação no restauro de obras da Arquitetura Moderna. O objetivo é apresentar o conteúdo da pesquisa referente à comparação do padrão teórico de Brandi com um objeto de estudo de caso, através da formulação de um instrumento de análise de intervenções de restauro. Além disso, a pesquisa aventa identificar possíveis dificuldades que a Arquitetura Moderna apresentaria à aplicação da teoria brandiana no restauro destas edificações. A aplicabilidade dos princípios é testada através da análise do estudo de caso, o Palácio da Justiça de Porto Alegre, projeto de Luis Fernando Corona e Carlos Maximiliano Fayet, de 1952. A edificação foi construída entre 1953 e 1968 e é considerada uma das mais importantes obras da Arquitetura Moderna Brasileira realizadas no estado, com forte influência da escola moderna carioca. A restauração do edifício aconteceu cinquenta anos após a concepção do projeto e contou com a participação do coautor remanescente, Carlos Maximiliano Fayet que, além de recuperar o prédio, o completou de acordo com projeto original. A pesquisa reafirma a validade da teoria de Cesare Brandi no campo do patrimônio e contribui para o debate sobre a restauração da Arquitetura Moderna, através da reflexão sobre a adequação dos princípios teóricos de restauro na tarefa de intervir neste patrimônio.
CENTRALIDADE, ESPAÇO PÚBLICO E VISIBILIDADE
Authors: Pacheco Luiza Oliveira , Cabral Durso Fábio
Published: November 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o Calçadão Arthur Bernardes como espaço público de Viçosa (MG), a fim de identificar aspectos que estimulem a discussão de sua relevância para o reordenamento da região central da cidade, entre as décadas de 1970 e 1980. Para isso, empreendeu-se uma investigação, associando a História Oral à análise documental, sobre a formação do centro da cidade de Viçosa, focalizando seus aspectos espaciais, buscando compreender as circunstâncias que levaram à construção do Calçadão. Foi encontrado que esta obra, por abrigar boa parte da atividade comercial municipal e ter em seu entorno parte do patrimônio cultural edificado da cidade, atua como elemento fundamental na organização de sua malha urbana central.