bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is there a new state in Latin America? Lessons after COVID-19
Authors:   Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Santarcángelo Juan
Published: August 2022

COVID-19 was declared a pandemic in March 2020 and struck a global economy in a situation of enormous fragility (the lowest growth rate since the international financial crisis of 2008). This situation was extremely severe in the case of Latin America, which was not only the region with the worst performance in the global south in 2019, but also where neoliberalism has generated one of the most profound transformations both in the structure of the state and in the direction of its public policies. The aim of this paper is to review and compare the public policies implemented by the different Latin American governments at the beginning of the pandemic, to study how well local and national governments were prepared for it in terms of capacity, to analyse the effectiveness of the public policies applied and to derive some lessons that we should learn for the future. The paper shows that the pandemic brought to light the structural deficiencies generated by decades of neoliberalism in the region and demonstrates that only through a profound transformation in the state and its capacities will the peripheral countries be prepared to face similar challenges.
Dirigentes Intermédios na Administração Pública no Sector da Saúde – Formação Acessória em Gestão/Administração e em Competências de Liderança
Authors:   Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal, Antunes Paulo ,   Instituto de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
Published: August 2022

This study features the relationship between extra training in management and/or administration and leadership skills in a representative sample of the national plan for middle management working in public administration in the health sector. The training needs of these leaders were identified in the past, so the intention now is to identify if they are trained in management/administration, if there are differences in how leadership skills are gained by those who have had training and those who have not. To gauge if management/administration training will bring advantages to middle management in health because they can condition the culture and focus of organisational leadership through their leadership skills. A theoretical model was deduced, using the structural equation modelling methodology and non-parametric and parametric tests. It was observed that most middle management staff in the health area do not have training in management/administration and that leadership skills are, in decreasing order: mentor, director, facilitator, innovator, coordinator, monitor, producer and broker, resulting in a leadership culture of support, objectives, rules and innovation. The leadership focus is on flexibility and internal and external control. However, those who have received training have higher levels of leadership skills, promoting the culture of organisational leadership in the sense of innovation, objectives and rules and the leadership focus on flexibility, for the internal and external environment.
Rethinking Instability: Imbalances between indigenous powers and state collapse in Guinea-Bissau
Authors:   Centre for Public Administration and Public Policy (CAPP, ISCSP), Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, Favarato Claudia
Published: August 2022

The premise of this paper emerges from an understanding of political turmoil and recurrent instability as being due to the process of the Africanisation of power. My aim is to discern this idea in relation to Guinea-Bissau. Since 1994, the West African country has experienced continuous political instability. So far, political analysis has pinpointed the rationale of Bissau-Guinean political turmoil as dependent on the ethnicisation of power and a dysfunctional state. The first is largely due to the role played by the Balanta ethnic group. While much harm was inflicted on the Balanta in the past, the group assumed power through its domination of the military. The second phenomenon relates to a political class unprepared for office yet committed to the misappropriation of power and resources, engendering failure of the state and its institutions. Without discarding these hypotheses, I argue that the underlying rationale of Bissau-Guinean political turmoil is further related to the Africanisation of power. The latter is a bi-directional process, in which the state influences indigenous political powers and vice versa. This paper identifies how these political powers differ in their configuration of the polity and in the policies applied, leading to discrepant political behaviours in their subjects.
Mendefinisikan Kembali Konsep Keamanan dalam Agenda Kebijakan Negara-Bangsa
Authors: Azizah RR Zahroh Hayati
Published: August 2022

Security is essential for the state. The state is said to be safe if it is free from threats. The definitionof security experienced a shift marked by the end of the Cold War and the tragedy of 11 September2001. The change in the concept of security, which was initially limited to military threats andaimed at the state, has now developed into a threat to human security. The purpose of this articleis to redefine the concept of security itself in the policy agenda of the Nation-State. The methodused is qualitative, using textual analysis as a data collection method.Keywords: Security, Threat, Policy
Keberhasilan dan Kegagalan Indonesia dalam Kebijakan Kontraterorisme
Authors: Wisesa Raka Gusfi
Published: August 2022

The threat of terrorism as an international political agenda has become a specialconcern in the discussion of all global institutions in the world in the field of defenseand security. In an effort to deal with the threat of counterterrorism, Indonesia as acountry is also involved in facing the threat of terrorism. For more than 20 years,Indonesia has pursued policies to tackle counterterrorism. This article discusses andevaluates how Indonesian policies address terrorism and its implications for thedevelopment of counterterrorism in Indonesia. The author departs from theassumptions and theories of terrorism, counter terrorism, and realism in the review ofnational security. The author concludes that there needs to be an interdisciplinarystudy involving both military and non-military aspects, strategic efforts in makingcounter-terrorism policies, and the existence of resolutions that make terrorism afactor.Keywords: decolonialization, defense diplomacy, national security, counter terrorism
Diplomasi Pertahanan Malaysia di Laut China Selatan: Konsep dan Praktek
Authors: Simorangkir Binsar , Tampubolon Helga Farida , Ar Rahman Lazuardi Loqman , Reyhan Muhammad , Azizah RR Zahroh Hayati
Published: August 2022

The concept of defense diplomacy does not have a universally recognized definition; therefore, each country tends to have its definition, which is then included in its defense white paper. The concept of diplomacy for Malaysia itself is defined as creating stable international relations with other countries. Malaysia has a defense diplomacy strategy known as quiet diplomacy. One of the problems that threaten Malaysia's maritime economy and sovereignty that continues to this day is the South China Sea conflict. This conflict occurred because of a unilateral claim made by the Chinese government with theissuance of a map that later contained a nine-dash line. In dealing with this problem,Malaysia then implemented the concept of defense diplomacy in the multilateral realm,namely through official forums, namely the ASEAN Defense Ministers' Meeting (ADMM) and the ASEAN Defense Ministers' Meeting Plus (ADMM Plus). This report was prepared using a descriptive-narrative method obtained through interviews with resource persons and a literature study. The purpose of this report is to serve as a theoretical reference for the concepts and practices of Malaysian defense diplomacy.
EMERGENCE OF AUKUS PACT AS A REGIONAL BLOC AND ITS IMPLICATIONS IN ASIA CONTINENT
Authors: Wende Anthony
Published: August 2022

The study examined the emergence of the AUKUS Pact as a regional bloc and its implications in the Asia Continent and also how the entire world received the news of the establishment of the Pact. The research design used for the paper was the diary research method involving creditable media reports and internet analysis reports. The result showed that there are persistent threats of dominance within the Indo-Pacific region that led to the emergence of the AUKUS Pact. Based on the findings, it was recommended that the period of the establishment of the AUKUS Pact was not right due to the tense tension in the region. However, the establishment of the AUKUS Pact intensified the existing tension rather than reducing it. The Pact was not adequately welcome by other nations mostly China, France, Indonesia, and Malaysia that voiced their concerns against the Pact. Hence, this will undermine the existing alliance such as ASEAN in which the rivalries nations are members. Therefore, the power game politics and the growing rivalries among the big world powers and the middle powers is over dominance in the Indo-Pacific region is all about the balance of power.
KAPABILITAS PASUKAN PERDAMAIAN INDONESIA DI REPUBLIK DEMOKRATIK KONGO
Authors: Sriyanto Sriyanto
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this research is to analyze the capabilities of the Indonesian peacekeepers and the TNI's strategies in carrying out the development of the capabilities of the Indonesian peacekeepers to face multidimensional threats in the United Nations Peacekeeping Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study research design on several events in the implementation of the UN peacekeeping capability development carried out by the TNI in the period of 2018 to 2020. The case studies describes the positive things of the capability development process shown by some achivements gained by Indonesian Peacekeeping Forces as well as some incidents that need to draw attention by TNI in one of the Indonesian peacekeeping missions in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Data collection was carried out openly through interviews with research subjects which were directly involved in the capabilities building of the Indonesian peacekeeping forces that are supported by the researcher’s experiences, field observations and data analysis referring to literature studies. The research shows that the capabilities of the Indonesian peacekeepers have not been fully prepared to face multidimensional threats. Among some successes in the mission area, several incidents occurred and caused both personnel and material losses. The TNI needs to adopt the United Nations Peacekeeping Capability Readiness System (UNPCRS) as the current UN system to provide UN units that allows the development of UN peacekeeping capabilities to be carried out systematically, comprehensively and involves all aspects of capability, including human resource and unit capability standards, leadership, networking, materials, facilities and infrastructure. In addition, regulatory and budgetary aspects are critical in overall capability development efforts.
FOREIGN POLICY ON CLIMATE CHANGE UNDER THE TRUMP’S PRESIDENCY: PARIS AGREEMENT
Authors: Lubis Fakhry Dzulfiqar
Published: August 2022

The issue of climate change is scorching to discuss; Greenhouse Gas Emissions produced by humans themselves have a major impact on the earth. The Paris Agreement was created to slow the pace of climate change by binding participating countries to commit to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. During the Barack Obama administration, foreign policy believed in and supported the Paris Agreement's cooperation in inhibiting the pace of climate change. In contrast to the next period, which was continued by President Donald Trump, who had a realistic nature and was skeptical of climate change. This is one of the supporting factors in understanding the United States' foreign policy towards the Paris agreement under the Trump presidency.
DOUBLE HEDGE DIPLOMACY: DIPLOMATIC OPTION FOR RESOLVING INDONESIA – CHINA FRICTION IN THE NATUNA ISLANDS
Authors: Owoyale Aremu Sherif
Published: August 2022

The diplomatic strategy option open to Indonesia in response to escalating friction between Indonesia and China over possession of the Natuna Islands is highlighted in this article. The paper employed a qualitative research approach that utilized secondary data sources. The finding shows that intensifying competition among big power nations such as the United States and China facilitates this diplomacy strategy choice (hedging). Several countries have embraced this diplomatic tactic, known as double 'hedged' diplomacy, as a means of balancing and stabilizing the influence of powers in their territories. Hedging allows some leeway for nations to discover a balance between priority gains and inevitable costs, albeit it is far from ideal. The study shows that Indonesia could enhance its sovereignty by accommodating the interests of China and those of other major power nations like the United States on the Natuna Waters by balancing China's assertiveness with the investment interest of the United States. The paper conceptualized ‘hedging’ as strategic diplomacy options adopted by nations seeking a balance of influence; while using a balance of power theory to analyze the situation, actors and processes as it affects the concerns of Indonesia on Natuna waters. Indonesia engagement in numerous naval cooperation with regional and international partners, as well as her maritime force presence in the Natuna waters, is a critical tool to project her defence diplomacy. As a result, this study suggests that Indonesia could take a double-hedged diplomatic approach to resolving the escalating tensions between Indonesia and China on Natuna Island. Consequently, there is the need to design ways of balancing China's growing aggressiveness with the existence and interests of another large power nation like the United States on the Natuna waters.
API ANALYSIS: BREXIT AND ITS IMPACT
Authors: Gusmiarti Ayu Dhiya
Published: August 2022

The European Union (EU) is the biggest cooperation within the Europe continent that has been going for a long time ago with its dynamics following the shifting of the global order. The United Kingdom (UK) which used to become a member of this union was recently withdrawn from the EU. The process of the left of the UK from the EU was first made in the first referendum and at the second referendum, the UK was decided to step back and known as the BREXIT. The reason behind it all mostly was in the social and economic burden. As the consequences of the Brexit, there are several impacts that can be felt by each actor, from the UK, the EU and its membership, and even the rest of the world order. Also causing some dilemmas and dynamics in the global order, and the shifting that will give the changing agreement between the UK, the EU, and the EU member states.
Analysis of technical efficiency and its determinants among tobacco producers in Uganda: An application of data envelopment analysis
Authors: Chune Midamba Dick , Takoy Mustaf Mohamed , Peter Odongkara
Published: August 2022

This study aimed at analyzing technical efficiency and its determinants among tobacco producers in Uganda. To achieve this, primary data were drawn from 200 tobacco farmers using semi-structured questionnaires. In order to determine the technical efficiency and its determinants, Data envelopment analysis and Tobit regression model were used for the analysis respectively. From the results, we observed that the mean TE was 49%, implying that the farmers were 51% inefficient. Furthermore, input prices, land size, farmers’ age, farm income and farm location were found to be the determinants of technical efficiency. This study recommended that the government should subsidize farm inputs as well as training the farmers on input combinations in order to increase technical efficiency level.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 12(1): 24-29, June 2022
Effects of seed rate and inter row spacing on yield and yield components of food barley in Semen Ari Woreda, Ethiopia
Authors: Gezahegn Biruk , Tadesse Awoke , Tadesse Anteneh
Published: August 2022

A field experiment was carried out for two successive cropping seasons in 2017 and 2018 at Shama Bulket, Semen Ari Woreda, South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia, to determine optimum seed rate and inter-row spacing for food barley production. The experiment involved a factorial combination of three seed rates (80, 100 and 120 kg ha-1) and three inter-row spacing (20, 30 and 40 cm). The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results indicated the treatments had significant effect in all parameters except plant height and spike length. Based on the result of this study, use of 30 cm inter-row spacing and 120 kg ha-1 seed rate is superior in grain yield (4481 kg ha-1) and total biomass (14.6 t ha-1). Therefore, use of 30 cm inter row spacing with seeding rate of 120 kg ha-1 can be recommended for food barley production at Shama Bulket kebele and its vicinity.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 12(1): 34-38, June 2022
Nutritional and sensory properties of smoked pork sausage produced with pig stomach as filler-meat
Authors: Akwetey Worlah Yawo , Dorleku Justice Bless , Yeboah Elizabeth
Published: August 2022

The nutritional and sensory characteristics of processed meat are of major concern to consumers across the globe. This study evaluated nutritional and sensory properties of pork sausages using pig stomach as filler meat. Pig stomach replaced lean pork at 0% (control), 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%, respectively to obtain treatments coded as T0, T25, T50, T75 and T100, respectively. The sausages were assessed for acidity, water holding capacity, cooking loss, proximate composition and sensory attributes. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in flavour of sausages in particular; and all other sensory attributes of sausages produced with or without pig stomachs. Treatments T0, T25 and T50 were very similar in most of the sensory properties. Both pH and water holding capacity reduced with increasing levels of pig stomach used, and there were significant differences (p<0.05) between treatments. The results obtained suggest that pig stomach could be used at 50% in smoked pork sausages without adverse effects on nutritional and sensory properties.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 12(1): 67-71, June 2022
Aprovechamiento de biomasa lignocelulósica: Eichhornia crassipes (Lechuguines) para la obtención de bioplástico
Authors: Zambrano Saltos Andy David , Zambrano Bravo Edison Josue , García Muentes Segundo Alcides , Burgos Briones Gabriel Alfonso
Published: August 2022

Con el fin de mitigar el fenómeno de la eutrofización en los cuerpos de agua dulce y darle un valor agregado a la especie acuática Eichhornia crassipes (Lechuguines), se la trató para ser empleada en el campo de la biorrefinería, como alternativa a los plásticos convencionales. El objetivo de esta investigación fue aprovechar la biomasa lignocelulósica de los lechuguines para obtener bioplástico. La biomasa utilizada provino de la represa Poza Honda, donde se sintetizó el contenido lignocelulósico para la obtención de la celulosa. La metodología de la investigación se dio en tres procesos: extracción de la celulosa, almidón y obtención de bioplástico. Se aplicó la hidrólisis alcalina en la extracción de la celulosa e hipoclorito de sodio como agente de blanqueamiento. Se aplicó el método vía húmeda para la sedimentación y obtención de almidón. En la caracterización del producto obtenido resultó una humedad de 19 %, 7,13 % de contenido volátil, la absorción de agua se dio de manera creciente 31,05 %, el grado de biodegradabilidad fue 66,33 %. En conclusión, la biomasa de E. crassipes es una fuente significativa para la producción de bioplástico. La biodegradabilidad en las biopelículas obtenidas es muy satisfactoria estando dentro del rango de las normas internacionales ASTM D-6400.
COMPARISON OF MULTILAYER PERCEPTRON’S ACTIVATION AND OP-TIMIZATION FUNCTIONS IN CLASSIFICATION OF COVID-19 PATIENTS
Authors: Pardede Doughlas , Firmansyah Ichsan , Handayani Meli , Riandini Meisarah , Rosnelly Rika
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Patient’s symptoms could be used as features in Covid-19 classification. Using multi layer perceptron, the classification uses data set that contains patient’s diagnosis which has Covid-19 symptoms dan processes the data set to see if the patient is Covid-19 positive or not. This paper compare four activation function such as identity, logistic, ReLu and tanh and combined them with optimizer such as L-BFGS-B, SGD and Adam. Using 5-fold and 10-fold cross validation technique to get the accuracy, F1, precision and recall values, the result that we get is that logistic function with L-BFGS-B optimizer and ReLu function with L-BFGS-B optimizer are the best combinations. The logistic function with SGD optimizer, ReLu function with Adam optimizer and tanh function with Adam optimizer are the worst combinations according to their accuration values. The logistic function with SGD optimizer is the worst combination according to its F1 value. The logistic function with SGD optimizer and tanh function with L-BFGS-B optimizer are the worst combinations according to their precision values. The logistic function with SGD optimizer, ReLu function with Adam optimizer and tanh function with Adam optimizer are the worst combinations according to their recall values.            Keywords: activation function, covid-19; multi layer perceptron; optimizer algorithm  Abstrak: Diagnosa gejala yang dialami pasien dapat digunakan sebagai fitur dalam klasifikasi penderita Covid-19. Dengan multi layer perceptron, klasifikasi dilakukan menggunakan data set yang berisi hasil diagnosa pasien yang memiliki gejala Covid-19 dan selanjutnya diolah untuk  melihat apakah memang pasien tersebut menderita Covid-19 atau tidak. Penelitian ini membandingkan fungsi aktivasi identity, logistic, ReLu dan tanh yang dikombinasikan dengan algoritma optimasi L-BFGS-B, SGD dan Adam. Hasil evaluasi cross validation menggunakan 5-fold dan 10-fold digunakan sebagai dasar menentukan kombinasi yang terbaik dan terburuk, dengan hasil yang menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi fungsi logistic dengan optimasi L-BFGS-B dan fungsi ReLu dengan optimasi L-BFGS-B merupakan kombinasi terbaik. Kombinasi fungsi logisctic dengan optimasi SGD, fungsi ReLu dengan optimasi Adam dan fungsi tanh dengan optimasi Adam merupakan yang terburuk dari nilai accuracy. Kombinasi fungsi logistic dan optimasi SGD merupakan kombinasi terburuk dari nilai F1. Kombinasi fungsi logistic dengan optimasi SGD dan fungsi tanh dan optimasi L-BFGS-B merupakan yang terburuk dari nilai precision. Kombinasi fungsi logisctic dengan optimasi SGD, fungsi ReLu dengan optimasi Adam dan fungsi tanh dengan optimasi Adam merupakan kombinasi terburuk dari nilai recall. Kata kunci: algoritma optimasi; covid-19; fungsi optimasi; multi layer perceptron
ANALYSIS OF SVM AND NAIVE BAYES ALGORITHM IN CLASSIFICATION OF NAD LOANS IN SAVE AND LOAN COOPERATIVES
Authors: Riyadi Sugeng , Siregar Muhammad Mizan , Margolang Khairul fadhli Fadhli , Andriani Karina
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Non-performing loan (NPL) is a risk that credit unions must face and to avoid that, prospective debtors need to be surveyed. With previous loan data, support vector machine and naïve bayes can be used as classification methods to give a decision about NPL. We use a data set with 61 data and process the data with orange 3.30 application to see the difference between SVM using linear (SVM-L), polynomial (SVM-P), RBF (SVM-R) and sigmoid (SVM-S) kernel with naïve bayes. We use a cross validation technique with various folds to measure the classification results and a convusion matrix to measure the data training classification results. Naïve bayes scores the highest in terms of accuracy and SVM-R scores the highest in terms of F1, precision and recall. SVM-P scores the lowest in terms of accuracy, F1, precision and recall. Naïve bayes scores the highest in terms of proportion of predicted for true negative class and proportion of actual for true positive class. SVM-S scores the highest in terms of proportion of predicted for true positive class and proportion of actual for true negative class. SVM-P scores the lowest in both proportion of predicted and proportion of actual.             Keywords: classification; naïve bayes; non-performing loan; support vector machine  Abstrak: Kredit macet merupakan resiko yang sering dialami koperasi simpan pinjam, sehingga perlu dilakukan survei terhadap calon debitur agar kredit menjadi sehat. Dengan menggunakan data pemberian kredit sebelumnya, support vector machine dan naïve bayes digunakan sebagai metode klasifikasi untuk memberikan keputusan macet atau tidaknya kredit anggota koperasi Mutiara Sejahtera. Data set yang berjumlah 61 data diolah menggunakan aplikasi Orange 3.30 dan dilihat perbandingan antara metode SVM dengan kernel linear, polynomial, RBF dan sigomoid dengan metode naïve bayes. Cross validation dengan jumlah fold bervariasi digunakan sebagai nilai ukur klasifikasi dan convusion matrix digunakan sebagai nilai ukur klasifikasi data training. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah naïve bayes memiliki nilai accuracy tertinggi dan SVM kernel RBF memiliki nilai F1, precision dan recall tertinggi. SVM kernel polynomial memiliki nilai terendah untuk accuracy, F1, precision dan recall. Naïve bayes memiliki nilai tertinggi untuk proportion of predicted (PoP) kelas true negative dan proportion of actual (PoA) kelas true positive. SVM kernel sigmoid memiliki nilai tertinggi untuk PoP kelas true positive dan PoA kelas true negative. SVM kernel polynomial memiliki nilai terendah baik untuk PoP maupun PoA true negative dan kelas true positive. Kata kunci: klasifikasi; kredit macet; naive bayes;  SVM
DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM FOR FORECASTING THE AMOUNT OF DODOL SALES USING THE WEIGHTED MOVING AVERAGE METHOD
Authors: Sindia Rindi , Siregar Iqbal Kamil , Ihsan MHD
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Dodol is a type of sweet food made from palm sugar that is processed with various flavors and takes a long time to complete. Dodol is also a type of food in great demand by the public due to its elasticity and characteristic taste. The manufacture and sale of this lunkhead are produced by UD. Maya Sari is located in the Kisaran area, especially in the Tanjung Alam Village, Dusun 3, Asahan Regency. Forecasting (forecasting) is thinking about a quantity, for example. The number of product requests for the future. Difficulties in forecasting inventory are often experienced by businesses, including UD. Maya Sari is difficult to predict the supply of lunkhead for the future. The research conducted by this author aims to build a system that can predict sales for the future in increasing a business's income. The system is well designed with PHP and UML for system workflow.           Keywords: Dodol sales; Forecasting System; Weighted Moving Average Method  Abstrak: Dodol merupakan salah satu jenis makanan manis berbahan dasar gula aren yang diolah dengan berbagai rasa dan membutuhkan waktu yang lama dalam pembuatannya. Dodol juga merupakan jenis makanan yang banyak diminati oleh masyarakat karena kekenyalan dan rasa yang khas. Pembuatan dan penjualan dodol ini diproduksi oleh UD. Maya Sari yang berada di kawasan Kisaran khususnya di Desa Tanjung Alam Dusun 3 Kabupaten Asahan. Peramalan (forecasting) adalah memikirkan kuantitas. Misalnya Jumlah permintaan produk untuk masa yang akan datang. Kesulitan dalam peramalan persediaan seringkali dialami oleh para pelaku usaha, termasuk UD. Maya Sari sulit memprediksi pasokan dodol untuk masa depan. Penelitian dilakukan. Hal ini bertujuan untuk membangun sebuah sistem yang dapat memprediksi penjualan dimasa yang akan datang guna meningkatkan pendapatan usaha. Sistem ini dirancang dengan baik dengan PHP dan UML untuk alur kerja sistem. Kata Kunci : Metode Weighted Moving Average; Penjualan dodol; Sistem Peramalan
STUDENTS GRADUATION PREDICTION BASED ON ACADEMIC DATA RECORD USING THE DECISION TREE ALGORITHM C4.5 METHOD
Authors: Prahastiwi Narita Ayu , Andreswari Rachmadita , Fauzi Rokhman
Published: August 2022

Abstract: An application can assist organizations in achieving the goals to be achieved by facilitating ongoing work processes. This happened in the Information Systems Study Program at one of the best private universities, namely Telkom University, where the SI Study Program has a website called PIPE and has one feature to be able to predict student graduation. However, this feature is currently being developed with an easy flow, so it requires development in the implementation of graduation achievements. Researchers solve these problems by building an assessment model based on academic data on the effect of choosing a specialization. Data mining is needed in this study to form predictive patterns, then one of the data mining groups is based on classification and using machine learning to perform automated assessments so that they can be sustainably performed. In determining the time and delay, using the decision tree method based on the C4.5 algorithm. The accuracy results obtained using the C4.5 algorithm are 94.11%, then the factor that becomes the root node is Jumlah SKS Lulus and the results have an influence on the selection of specialization. So that the results of this graduation model can be applied to the PIPE application. Keyword: C4.5 algorithm; classification; decision tree; graduation prediction Abstrak: Sebuah aplikasi dapat membantu organisasi dalam mencapai tujuan yang ingin dicapai dengan memudahkan proses kerja yang sedang berlangsung. Seperti yang terjadi pada Prodi Sistem Informasi yang ada pada salah satu Perguruan Tinggi Swasta terbaik yaitu Universitas Telkom, dimana pada Prodi SI memiliki website bernama PIPE dan memiliki salah satu fitur untuk dapat melakukan prediksi kelulusan mahasiswa. Namun fitur tersebut saat ini dikembangkan dengan alur penentuan sederhana, sehingga memerlukan pengembangan dalam hal implementasi algoritma prediksi kelulusan. Peneliti melakukan penyelesaian masalah tersebut dengan membangun model prediksi kelulusan berdasarkan rekam data akademik terhadap pengaruh pemilihan peminatan. Data mining dibutuhkan dalam penelitian ini untuk membentuk pola penyelesaian prediksi, kemudian salah satu pengelompokan data mining berdasarkan tugasnya adalah klasifikasi dan menggunakan machine learning untuk melakukan prediksi kelulusan secara otomatis terhadap data baru agar dapat dilakukan secara berkelanjutan. Dalam melakukan klasifikasi prediksi kelulusan tepat waktu dan terlambat, menggunakan metode decision tree berdasarkan algoritma C4.5. Hasil akurasi yang didapat dengan menggunakan algoritma C4.5 adalah sebesar 94,11%, kemudian faktor yang menjadi root node adalah Jumlah SKS Lulus dan hasil memiliki pengaruh terhadap pemilihan peminatan. Sehingga hasil model prediksi kelulusan ini dapat diterapkan pada aplikasi PIPE. Kata kunci: algoritma C4.5; decision tree; klasifikasi; prediksi kelulusan.
Infestation of wild bay scallops Argopecten irradians on Nantucket Island by the shell-boring polychaete Polydora neocaeca
Authors: Davinack AA , Hill L
Published: August 2022

Shell-boring polychaete worms can severely impact shellfish aquaculture by reducing growth rates and compromising tissue quality of their molluscan hosts. In this study we report the first known instance of shell-infestation of commercially important scallops on Nantucket Island by the cryptogenic polydorid Polydora neocaeca. Additional analyses indicate a high level of genetic connectivity between worms from Nantucket Island and the US mainland, forming a distinct haploclade which is genetically isolated from populations from South Africa and Japan. While transportation of infected seed could have introduced the worm to Nantucket, limited sampling and the paucity of sequence data available makes it impossible to definitely determine its origins.
Analysis of the Natural and Cultural Dendroflora of the North-Western Zone of the Greater Caucasus
Authors: Bagirova S. , Hasanova M. , Atayeva L. , Aliyeva S. , Bedel-zade N.
Published: August 2022

The role of specially protected natural monuments in the conservation of biological diversity is irreplaceable. Many reserves have been established in order to expand the network of specially protected natural areas of the Republic of Azerbaijan, to preserve biodiversity, and to use natural resources efficiently. Along with the State Nature Reserves, new parks and gardens have recently been built, with Eldar pine, acacia, alder, beech, etc. in the natural flora. Along with plants, trees and shrubs of the world flora (new species of catalpa, juniper, pine, cypress, etc.) were widely used. The research revealed that 81 species of natural flora and 36 species of alien flora were used in landscaping. Among the plants belonging to the alien flora, lilac catalpa, Kokatan tecoma, Japanese daisy, evergreen cypress plays a dominant role in the cultural flora on landscaping. The most commonly used species of local flora are oak, juniper, white acacia, sycamore, maple, hornbeam, ash, linden. The cultural dendroflora of Zagatala-Balakan region is represented by 44 taxa and 117 species of trees and shrubs of 91 genera; including 4 families, 7 genera and 16 species of gymnosperms; according to their life-stages: 42 species of trees, 51 species of shrubs, 5 species of lianas, 13 species of ornamental flowers, 1 species of cover plants; There are 80 species of natural flora and 37 species of alien flora.
Prospects for the Development of Dairy Farming of Dekhkan Farms in Uzbekistan
Authors: Yusupova F. , Abdullaeva S.
Published: August 2022

The global temperature rise, which is increasingly noticeable on our planet today, the global financial and economic crisis in the background of the COVID-19 pandemic, the demographic situation in various countries has a significant impact on all sectors of the economy, especially agriculture. The full satisfaction of the population’s needs for high-quality and cheap livestock products of local production depends mainly on measures for the development of dekhkan farms, which, in turn, requires the introduction of modern and innovative methods in this industry. The purpose of the study is to identify current problems in dekhkan dairy farms based on the analysis of statistical data for the period 2017-2021, as well as scientific research. Based on the results of the analysis, give practical proposals for the further development of dekhkan farms through the introduction of modern digital technologies. A digital mobile system created to provide services to dekhkan farms in the production of milk will be tested in dekhkan farms of the regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan and, on the recommendation of the relevant state organizations, put into practice.
Treatment of Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction in the Conditions of a Specialized Hospital
Authors: Ismailova Uultai , Kulov B.
Published: August 2022

The prevalence of neurogenic bladder dysfunction and its significance in the development of urination disorders and urinary incontinence in patients, as well as the lack of effectiveness of traditional methods of treatment, indicate the relevance and need to solve this problem, which determined the purpose and objectives of the study. 76 patients (59 men and 37 women) who were undergoing rehabilitation treatment at the Department of Neurourology of the Kyrgyz Research Institute of Balneology and Rehabilitation Treatment were examined. The mean age of the patients at the time of examination was (M±6) 54.8±2.3 years. When signs of urinary infection were detected, antibiotic therapy was performed in accordance with the results of bacteriological examination of urine until the pathogen was completely eradicated.

Распространенность нейрогенной дисфункции мочевого пузыря и ее значимость в развитии расстройств мочеиспускания и недержания мочи у пациентов, а также недостаточная эффективность традиционных методов лечения указывают на актуальность и необходимость решения этой проблемы, что определило цель и задачи исследования. Обследовано 76 больных (59 мужчин и 37 женщин), находившихся на реабилитационном лечении в отделе нейроурологии Киргизского научно-исследовательского института курортологии и восстановительного лечения. Средний возраст пациентов на момент обследования составил (М±6) 54,8±2,3 лет. При выявлении признаков мочевой инфекции проводили антибиотикотерапию в соответствии с результатами бактериологического исследования мочи до полной эрадикации возбудителя.
Electric Vehicle Charging Scheduling and Pricing Based on Stackelberg Game
Authors: Xiong Q. , Zhang Z. , Bazhanov A. , Zhang Q. , Lu J.
Published: August 2022

The disorderly charging and discharging of a large number of electric vehicles will have a serious negative impact on the safety and economic operation of the power system. In order to avoid safety problems and obtain maximum economic benefits, a master-slave game is proposed to model the maximization of profits for agents and car owners. In the upper model of the model, the optimization objective of the main body is to minimize the operating cost and minimize the load mean square error; in the lower model, the goal is to minimize the cost of electric vehicles; the particle swarm algorithm is used, and the model decoupling characteristics are used from the inside to the outside. Solve the Nash equilibrium point of the optimization model, obtain the set of optimal time-of-use electricity price and electric vehicle charging and discharging scheme, and finally obtain the global optimal pricing strategy. Various typical scenarios before and after optimization are compared and analyzed in detail through calculation examples, and the effect of the proposed model and the overall scheduling benefit are verified.

Беспорядочная зарядка и разрядка большого количества электромобилей окажет серьезное негативное влияние на безопасность и экономичность работы энергосистемы. Во избежание проблем с безопасностью и получения максимальной экономической выгоды предлагается игра «хозяин-раб» для моделирования максимизации прибыли агентов и автовладельцев. В старшей модели целью оптимизации основного корпуса является минимизация эксплуатационных расходов и минимизация среднеквадратичной ошибки нагрузки; в младшей модели цель - минимизировать стоимость электромобилей; используется алгоритм роя частиц и используются характеристики развязки модели изнутри наружу. Предлагается решение точки равновесия Нэша модели оптимизации, получение набора оптимальной цены на электроэнергию во время использования и схемы зарядки и разрядки электромобиля и, наконец, получение глобальной оптимальной стратегии ценообразования. Различные типичные сценарии до и после оптимизации сравниваются и подробно анализируются с помощью примеров расчетов, а также проверяется влияние предлагаемой модели и общее преимущество планирования.
Foreign Economic Relations of Sumgait city (On the Chemical Industry. 1991-2003)
Authors: Samedov F.
Published: August 2022

The article analyzes the economic crisis in the Sumgait chemical industry as a result of the collapse of the USSR and the severance of traditional economic ties with the former Soviet republics after the independence of Azerbaijan and the measures taken to overcome this crisis. In addition, the establishment of economic relations and exchange of experience in the chemical industry with economically developed countries in the chemical industry: Germany, USA, Turkey, Japan, Great Britain, Korea, Italy, Bulgaria and Spain, replacement of physically and morally obsolete equipment at Sumgait chemical enterprises with new ones and develop new projects to increase the production capacity of factories, as well as the investment of these countries in the Sumgait chemical industry and joint work with a group of EU experts to eliminate the environmental problem were also searched.

В статье анализируется экономический кризис в сумгаитской химической промышленности в результате распада СССР и разрыва традиционных экономических связей с бывшими советскими республиками после обретения Азербайджаном независимости и меры, предпринятые для выхода из этого кризиса. Кроме того, рассмотрены установление экономических связей и обмен опытом в химической промышленности с экономически развитыми странами: Германией, США, Турцией, Японией, Великобританией, Кореей, Италией, Болгарией и Испанией, замена физически и морально устаревшего оснащения сумгаитских химических предприятий новым и разработка новых проектов по увеличению производственных мощностей заводов, а также инвестиции этих стран в сумгаитскую химическую промышленность и совместная работа с группой экспертов ЕС по устранению экологической проблемы.
Methods and Techniques of Teaching Kyrgyz Literature Based on the Principles of Ethnopedagogy in Secondary School and the Current State of Education
Authors: Kenzheshev K.
Published: August 2022

This article discusses issues related to methods and techniques of teaching Kyrgyz literature based on the principles of ethnopedagogy in secondary school, as well as problems of the modern education system. The problems associated with the new content of teaching Kyrgyz literature on an ethnopedagogic basis after gaining independence are also analyzed, concrete arguments and examples are given proving that ethnopedagogy is the basis of national education and upbringing. Since its principles are interpreted in relation to the tasks of educating the younger generation in our country. In this regard, the role of ethnopedagogical views embedded in the content of works of art is analyzed against the background of problems related to the upbringing and development of a child in modern society. Thus, this problem is considered in the article in the context of modern educational paradigms, the functions of which are illustrated by concrete examples. In addition, an analysis of the objective causes of complex situations during the practical implementation of the principles mentioned above was presented. And also, the necessity of ethnopedagogical education on the subject of Kyrgyz literature is justified.

Рассматриваются вопросы, касающиеся методов и приемов преподавания киргизской литературы на основе принципов этнопедагогики в средней школе, а также проблемы современной системы образования. Проанализированы проблемы, связанные с новым содержанием преподавания киргизской литературы на этнопедагогической основе после обретения независимости, приведены конкретные аргументы и примеры, доказывающие, что этнопедагогика является основой национального образования и воспитания. Анализируется роль этнопедагогических воззрений, заложенных в содержании художественных произведений, на фоне проблем, касающихся воспитания и развития ребенка в современном обществе. Данная проблема в статье рассматривается в контексте современных образовательных парадигм, функции которых проиллюстрированы конкретными примерами. Представлен анализ объективных причин возникновения сложных ситуаций в ходе практической реализации упомянутых выше принципов. Обосновывается необходимость этнопедагогического образования по предмету киргизская литература.
Perbandingan Algoritma K-Means dan K-Medoids Dalam Penclusteran Data Penjualan PT. United Teknologi Integrasi
Authors: Lesmana Agung , Gunawan Wawan
Published: August 2022

Pencatatan transaksi penjualan dalam sebuah perusahaan merupakan hal yang sangat penting untuk dilakukan. Dengan pencatatan transaksi penjualan setiap harinya perusahaan dapat mengetahui peningkatan tingkat penjualan barang. Data transaksi penjualan berisi data barang yang telah terjual, jumlah barang, nama barang, harga barang serta nama pelanggan yang melakukan pembelian barang. Data penjualan ini dapat dimanfaatkan untuk membantu perusahaan dalam meningkatkan penjualan perusahaan. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan teknik data mining yaitu clustering data dengan algoritma K-Means dan K-Medoids pada data penjualan. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan clustering data penjualan, data yang diambil dimulai dari tahun 2018 – 2020 di PT United Teknologi Integrasi. Data diambil dari tahun 2018 dikarenakan sistem pencatatan yang diterapkan di perusahaan ini mulai digunakan pada sejak tahun 2018. Penentuan clustering ditentukan dengan menggunakan metode elbow yang menunujukan hasil cluster yang paling optimal dibentuk adalah sebanyak tiga cluster, yaitu produk yang terjual paling laris, laris dan kurang laris. Dari hasil tersebut dimanfaatkan untuk memberikan promosi yang lebih banyak kepada produk yang ada pada cluster kurang laris untuk dapat meningkatkan penjualan. Kemudian dilakukan perbandingan hasil clustering algoritma dengan uji kualitas cluster menggunakan metode Silhouette Index yang menghasilkan nilai maksimum Index 0.404 pada algoritma K-Means sedangkan 0.376 pada algoritma K-Medoid.
Implementasi SCM pada usaha bisnis dengan tools ERP Flectra. (Studi Kasus : Jaginow Bali)
Authors: Surya laksana Gus Rai , Githa Dwi Putra , Ayu Putri Gusti Agung
Published: August 2022

Usaha Bisnis Jaginow Bali merupakan salah satu usaha bisnis rumahan yang menjual jajanan Rengginang sekaligus usaha kecil menengah (UKM) yang bergerak dalam bidang konsumsi yang melakukan produksi sendiri. Penerapan Supply Chain Management (SCM) kedalam Aplikasi ERP Flectra merupakan aspek yang penting dalam aktivitas proses bisnis perusahaan produksi yang dapat membantu usaha bisnis Jaginow dengan mudah melakukan kontrol, penjadwalan, dan pendataan pengiriman produknya lebih efisien. Kendala yang masih dihadapi dalam usaha ini yakni UKM ini masih melakukan aktivitas proses bisnis secara konvensional serta belum terintegrasi dengan sistem informasi yang menyebabkan kurangnya kemudahan dalam menjalankan aktivitas bisnis khususnya dalam sektor SCM. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni melakukan pembuatan proses bisnis usulan yang berisikan standar operasional prosedur (SOP) guna mempermudah dalam menjalankan usaha bisnisnya lebih terstruktur dalam areal supply chain. Penelitian ini menghasilkan pengimplementasian areal SCM yang telah dibuat pada proses bisnis usulan sebelumnya dengan metode business process management dan business process reengineering yang memudahkan perusahaan dalam melakukan aktivitas bisnis seperti otomisasi pembuatan nota softcopy, pendataan produk didalamnya, serta alur proses menjadi lebih terstruktur dengan dibentuknya standar operasional prosedur (SOP) dengan diimplementasikannya kedalam sistem ERP Flectra menggunakan modul didalamnya seperti modul sales, purchase, manufacture, inventory, dan invoicing.
Teknik Pengendalian Hama Penyakit Okra Menggunakan Forward Chaining dan Certainty Factor Method
Authors: Erdiansyah Iqbal , Lestamanta Nafis Hibatullah , Etikasari Bety
Published: August 2022

Tanaman Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) adalah tanaman yang termasuk keluarga Malvaceae atau kapas-kapasan. Distribusi tanaman okra tersebar luas di seluruh belahan dunia beriklim tropis dan sub tropis. Sistem Pakar merupakan sebuah sistem yang didefinisikan sebagai program komputer yang mengumpulkan pengetahuan para ahli untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan yang terjadi pada tanaman okra. Sistem pakar ini dibuat dengan tujuan untuk melakukan diagnosa hama penyakit tanaman okra serta memberikan solusi pengendalian yang tepat terhadap permasalahan yang terjadi. Sistem pakar ini menggabungkan dua metode, diantaranya yaitu  Forward Chaining dan Certainty Factor. Metode  Forward Chaining yang mengumpulkan data atau fakta awal untuk diproses lebih lanjut yang akan menghasilkan solusi. Sedangkan metode Certainty Factor merupakan metode faktor kepastian yang menggunakan tingkat kepercayaan dari seorang pakar. Hasil akurasi yang dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil diagnosa sistem dengan diagnosa manual yang dilakukan seorang ahli pakar terhadap 27 kasus tanaman okra memperoleh hasil akurasi sebesar 81,4%.