bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Politeness Strategies in Third Presidential Debate on Foreign Policy between Barack Obama vs. Mitt Romney
Authors: Hadiwijaya Munawwir , Yahmun Yahmun
Published: October 2019

Penutur harus pandai menggunakan strategi kesantunan dalam berbicara. Hakikat kesantunan berbahasa adalah etika kita dalam bersosioalisasi di masyarakat dengan penggunaan, pemilihan kata yang baik dengan memeperhatikan dimana, kapan, kepada siapa, dengan tujuan apa kita berbicara secara santun. Di dalam debat, meskipun dituntut untuk mampu mematahkan argumen lawan debat, akan tetatpi pendebat juga harus mampu menunjukkan bahwa yang beesangkutan tetap dalam koridor kesantunan agar debat berjalan dengan lancer, seperti yang dicontohkan oleh Obama vs. Romney dalam sebuah acara debat presiden, yang menjadi objek dari penelitian ini. Bagaimana kedua peserta debat tersebut mengaplikasikan prinsip-prinsip kesantunan adalah fokus dari penelitian ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode diskriptif kualitatif sebagai desain penelitiannya dengan kerangka berpikir prinsip kesantunan berbahasa Brown dan Levinson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi Bald on record digunakan dalam situasi ketika penutur menginginkan efsiensi maksimal dari ujaran yang mereka hasilkan. Strategi kesantunan positif digunakan oleh penutur dalam kondisi dimana penutur mencoba untuk meminimalisir FTA dengan menunjukkan keakraban. Strategi kesantunan negatif digunakan dalam situasi dimana penutur ingin berfokus pada asumsi bahwa ujarannya mungkin dapat menyinggung mitra tutur. Terakhir, strategi off record digunakan untuk menghilangkan tekanan yang dirasakan oleh mitr tutur. Di antara ke empat strategi tersebut strategi kensantunan positif paling dominan digunakan oleh ke dua peserta debat.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Pengolahan Buah Belimbing (Averrhoa Carambola L) pada Program Pengembangan Sumber Daya Lokal Berbasis Kawasan
Authors: Rahayu Dwi Lasmining
Published: October 2019

Spill star fruit (carambola Averrhoa L) during the harvest season to make the selling price at farmer tends to go down, so much harm to farmers starfruit. This condition gets the attention of the Provincial Government of East Java with the Development Program for Local Resource-Based Region 2009. In this program held training to overcome these problems. These training materials concerning the processing of star fruit (carambola Averrhoa L) into syrup, juice, star fruit and chips. The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in fruit processing capabilities Starfruit (carambola Averrhoa L). Object of research is the trainee of the village of Mojo, Ngringinrejo, Mojosari District of Kalitidu Bojonegoro. Instruments in this study was a questionnaire. Analysis of the data in this study using percentages and t-test. The results showed no increase in fruit processing capability Starfruit (carambola Averrhoa L) which amounted to 26.23% of product knowledge, knowledge of materials 57.41%, 57.41% knowledge tools, materials selection 63.27%, 51.85% Operating tool , material processing 46.29%, and 72.96% of business expectations. Increased processing capability of star fruit (carambola Averrhoa L) by t-test on all the indicators are very signifcant.
Improving Vocabulary of Soepraoen Health Academy Student Throught Multimedia in the Classroom
Authors: Pusparini Indrawati
Published: October 2019

Sejak pembelajaran kosa kata bagi mahasiswa berperan penting dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris, para dosen dituntut agar dapat menggunakan metode dan media yang tepat. Salah satu media yang penting adalah computer yang dapat memberikan dan menyediakan banyak informasi yang diberikan internet. Mahasiswa perlu belajar kosakata tidak hanya menghafalnya tetapi juga dapat belajar sesuai dengan konteks. Komputer memberikan pembelajaran visual yang mahasiswa perlukan agar dapat menerima mata kuliah yang diajarkan dengan cara yang berbeda. Dalam artikel ini, penulis ingin membahas fungsi aplikasi multimedia, khususnya internet sebagai bagian dari media teknologi terkini yang dapat menarik mahasiswa belajar dan mengembangkan kosa kata dalam bahasa Inggris. Penggabungan teknologi yang modern sangatlah penting guna menopang proses pembelajaran di kelas. Teknologi berbasis informasi ini terdiri dari video, gambar, game, grafik, audio, dan lain-lain untuk mendukung kosa kata mahasiswa sehingga mereka dapat mengembangkan kosa katanya dengan lebih mudah di kelas.
Pengembangan Model Kurikulum Sekolah Sepakbola (SSB) dengan Pemberian Konsep dan Media Audio Visual
Authors: Sucipto Adi , Budijanto Budijanto
Published: October 2019

Football School Curriculum development with giving of concept and audiovisual media aims to improve the quality of football skills. This type of research is the development of research.This study begins with a situation analysis, problem analysis, requirements analysis, design development, validation, limited testing and revision. From the analysis of the situation and the problems found problems being experienced by students Football School caused by factors both internal and external. Football school curriculum needs by providing concepts and audio-visual media, students of need to be given to the Football School. Giving concept before exercise is useful to strengthen memory skills related skills that will be implemented. Learning material that obtained through the medium of vision (visual media), can accelerate absorption learners in understanding literacy classes. The results of the needs analysis shows that Football School curriculum development by the giving concept and audiovisual media very necessary, to improve football skills
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Biologi Siswa Kelas I SMP Negeri 4 Sidoarjo Melalui Kuis Numbered-Head-Together
Authors: Sunarmi Sunarmi
Published: October 2019

The low-motivated and inactive students and non-students-oriented class belong to problems causing students’ achievement low. Through classroom research, the problems were tested to get solution by integrating quiz to cooperative learning, kooperatif numbered-head-together. The classroom was conducted in two cycles to describe students’ activities, to know students’ responses after learning biology. The subject was the seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 4 Sidoarjo totaling 36 students in the year 2009/2010. The data were collected by observation, tests, questionnaire and descriptively and qualitatively and then analyzed. The research findings showed that the students’ activities increase in group, completing tasks, thinking together, and answering quiz, and the students achievement increases and their responses towards the learning conducted were positive.
The Effectiveness of Hybrid Learning Module on Basic Structure Course In IKIP Budi Utomo Malang
Authors: Pusparini Indrawati , Astuti Endang Setyo
Published: October 2019

This article  is  an investigation  into the effectiveness of hybrid learning module on basic structure in students university in Ikip Budi Utomo . This concepts related to hybrid learning and conventional classroom. There were 90 students who participated  in this research . The study revealed that students prefer hybrid learning on basic structure  to conventional classroom, paper and pencil . As the first, they seemed like to take English lessons  in conventional form, paper and pencil, rather  than  in hybrid leaning form, because they used to study in conventional method.   When they   submitted  English  assignments online  or  personally,  their opinions were changed. They finally  trusted to hybid learning method. This method of the research use quantitative method.The research found that significantly different capability in basic structure comprehension. The obtained t-test value for hybrid learning module on basic structure  was 7.85 while the critical value of  p< .05 level of significance of one-tailed test was 1.671 (d.f.= 60 ). From the t-test computation, it can be concluded that the students  taught by hybrid learning module  had better capability than those the students taught in conventional, paper and pencil . In conclution, learning basic structure based on hybrid learning module is better than conventional method , paper and pencil. Additionally, some recommendations for future work in this field were made.
Molecular and Pathological Variability Associated with Transposable Elements of Botrytis cinerea Isolates Infecting Grape and Strawberry in Egypt
Authors: Wagih Elsayed E. , Abdel Wahab Hala , Shehata Mohamed R. A. , Fahmy Magda M. , Gaber Mahmoud A.
Published: October 2019

Grey mold caused by Botrytis cinerea, is known to cause great losses in most vegetable and fruit crops. Fifty-one isolates of B. cinerea were collected from grape (BCG) and strawberry (BCS) grown in different Egyptian locations. Variation among isolates was demonstrated using fenhexamid resistance and genetic approaches. Isolates were classified into various pathogenic groups depending on their reactions towards lettuce leaves. Genetic variability was identified in all isolates using transposable elements (TEs) analysis which revealed either the presence or absence of boty and flipper transposons. Furthermore, TEs typing of B. cinerea isolates demonstrated four TE types, on the basis of TE distribution in B. cinerea populations, namely, transposa (having both boty and flipper), flipper (possessing only flipper), boty (having only boty), and vacuma (lacking both boty and flipper elements). Transposa type was predominant (43.1%) and both transposa and vacuma isolate types showed no specialization with respect to host plant or plant location, while flipper type revealed a geographical preference in (BCG) isolates. Pathogenicity was also correlated to TE type as isolates containing transposa type revealed some degree of correlation with virulence behaviour, suggesting that transposa populations have higher pathogenic potential as compared to vacuma ones. The sensitivity of sampled isolates was tested against fenhexamid as one of the most important botryticides. Sensitivity to fenhexamid was shown in all isolates from strawberry and grape, grown in different locations, with low EC50 values between 0.012-0.084 μg/ml. This finding provided a cue for effective usage of fenhexamid for grey mold management. The present work demonstrated a correlation between the distribution of TEs and some fungal features such as isolate source and virulence, but no correlation was found between morphological characteristics, TE type, and sensitivity to fenhexamid. Cluster analysis based on phylogenetic tree showed that the Egyptian isolates branched as a separate divergent group from the others retrieved from GenBank, reflecting the presence of sequence polymorphism between the current isolates of B. cinerea and those previously identified.
Kürt Sekülerizmine Dair (Irak Kürtleri)
Authors: FİLİZ İkram
Published: October 2019

Sekülerizm olgusunun
küreselleşmesinden söz edilebilir. Avrupa ile başlayan tarihsel süreç,
sonrasında küreselleşerek dünyanın geri kalan kısmında da etkili olmuştur.
Müslüman toplumlarda da söz konusu olgunun teorik ve pratik yönleri
görülebilmektedir. Bu paralelde Kürt sekülerizmi, Müslüman toplumların maruz
kaldığı tarihi ve kültürel seküler pratiklere benzer süreçlerden geçmiştir. Kürt
sekülerizmi, Osmanlı Devleti’nin son dönemlerinden başlayan ve Osmanlı
sonrasında da devam eden bir sürecin içinden geçmiştir. Irak Kürtleri, Osmanlı
sonrasında ortaya çıkan yeni siyasal ortamın bir neticesi olarak Irak devleti
sınırları içinde kalmış ve seküler tecrübenin Arap ve sol özelliklerini
bünyesinde toplayarak bugüne gelmiştir. Makale, bu çerçevede Irak Kürtleri’nin
içinden geçtiği tarihsel ve sosyolojik zemine projeksiyon tutmaya
çalışmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Sekülerizm, Irak Kürtleri, Kürt Sekülerizmi,
Milliyetçilik, Osmanlı Devleti
Determinants of Global Peace and Gender Equality as an Invisible Hand: A Cross Country Analysis
Authors: Doğan Nezahat
Published: October 2019

This study uses a cross sectional data for 115 countries in order to examine the relationship between global peace and gender equality, by using Global Peace Index (GPI) as a dependent variable, and Gender Inequality Index (GII) and Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI) as independent variables. We test whether the gender equality is related to peace and whether the impacts differ when other determinants of peace have taken into consideration. The results suggest that level of gender equality and cohesion are the most robust and significant variables affecting level of peace in a positive way among other control variables. Two indexes have been used as a measure of gender equality in order to check the robustness of the results and the same results and conclusions were obtained from the regressions. Interestingly, the study also finds that income level of the country, as a control variable, is insignificant in all regressions.
Toplumsal Cinsiyet Perspektifinde Barış Kuramları, Feminist Teoriler ve Pratikler
Authors: Bilgin Aytaç Gizem
Published: October 2019

Soğuk Savaş sonrasında dönüşen küresel politika, farklı güvenlik açıkları, yeni savaş ve barış koşullarıyla kendini göstermektedir. Bu yeni olguları toplumsal cinsiyet bakışıyla da incelemek mümkündür; küresel politika alanında feminist kuramların literatüre sağladığı eleştirel katkı, barış kuramlarındaki kavramsal analizlerin alanını geliştirmiştir. Aynı zamanda, devlet merkezli analiz, rasyonel seçim gibi güçlü epistemolojik kalıpların, değişmesini sağlamıştır. Bu çalışma feminist barışın koşullarını, örneklerini ve teorik tartışmalarını güncel konular ışığında, literatür taramasıyla ele alacaktır. Özellikle Birleşmiş Milletler Güvenlik Konseyi’nin 1325 sayılı kararının BMGK 1325/2000 uygulama alanlarını ve sınırlarını değerlendirerek, küresel politikada feminist teorilerin barış çalışmalarına katkısını inceleyecektir.
Büyük İtiş: Ataerkinin Süredurumunun İfşası ve Meydan Okuma
Authors: Baştan Şebnem Açelya
Published: October 2019

Cynthia Enloe (2017). The Big Push: Exposing and Challenging the Persistence of Patriarchy (Büyük İtiş: Ataerkinin Süredurumunun İfşası ve Meydan Okuma). Oakland: University of California Press. 208 sayfa. ISBN-10, 13: 9780520296893, 978-0520296893
IMPLEMENTASI SMART EDUCATION SEBAGAI BAGIAN DARI PENERAPAN SMART CITY DI KOTA BATAM
Authors: Saragih Saut Pintubipar
Published: October 2019

Smart education is an education system that has used the smart concept in the implementation of education. Smart Education is illustrated by the main things implemented by universities, namely adaptive learning, portfolio learning, collaborative technologies and learning resources, administrative processes that have been computerized or using interconnected computer networks and monitoring and reporting, availability of more complete information, accurate and detailed, the university must also provide online learning resources that can be accessed by all students and lecturers through computer devices or mobile devices through a computer network, internet, intranet or a combination of both. In Batam, not all universities apply the concept of smart education, but based on existing data that all universities in Batam have implemented technologies such as academic information systems. universities in the city of Batam have not been able to apply the concept of smart education where difficult system integration is a problem faced. In this study found also the resistance of the manager to survive with the current system on the grounds that there is no urgency than the implementation of smart education.
ANDROID BASED AUGMENTED REALITY FOR DIGITAL VISUAL NAVIGATION
Authors: Juwono Ronny
Published: October 2019

Augmented Reality (AR) used in online business not merely to give new perspective of customer experience to product. AR is also used in operational such as in logistic to deliver product to the customer. The online map service such as Google Map, sometime fails to bring real visualization to user, especially when they are in unfamiliar places.

AR may provide visualization of certain location’s coordinate. This digital visual navigation will help the user to choose which direction they should go, especially when Google Maps do not give accurate information related to the user’s surrounding.

This papper provide solution to create Android application that can generate Augmented Reality navigation while user is using Google Map to travel. This papper is aimed to support the navigation for logistic management system especially for online business companies.

In spite of the result of this reasearch, some findings and issues need to be discussed in the future. There was delay to generate the AR objects especially when user moves the device around fast. A simple 2D AR object is suggested for future work in order to decrease the delay.
TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE OF DIGITAL PAYMENT SYSTEM PADA PELAKU UMKM DI KOTA BATAM
Authors: Saragih Saut Pintubipar
Published: October 2019

Transaksi keuangan melalui digital payment di Indonesia tercatat mengalami kemajuan dan adanya pergeseran antara transaksi keuangan tunai, non-cash dan e-money. Dalam Penelitian ini akan dikaji bagaimana pergeseran model pembayaran oleh penjual dan pembeli dengan pembayaran yang berbasis digital payment seperti mobile payment, internet banking, elektronik, dan pembayaran digital berbasis aplikasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik interview serta menggunaka questionnaire sebagai instrumen penelitian dalam mengumpulkan data primer dari seluruh responden. Metode analisis data adalah menggunakan metode perhitungan regresi linier sederhana dan alat pengolahan data menggunakan alat bantu berupa perangkat lunak berupa software spss. Hasil dari pengolahan data yang telah dilakukan menunjukan bahwa pelaku usaha umkm di kota Batam telah menggunakan sistem pembayaran digital dimana gateway pembayaran yang banyak dilakukan adalah melalui mobile payment sebesar 80%, kemudian diikuti oleh internet banking payment, diikuti oleh pembayaran berbasis elektronik dan menggunakan sistem pembayaran berbasis aplikasi. Penggunaan sistem pembayaran digital ini juga telah dilakukan sejak 5 tahun terakhir ini dimana seluruh responden telah menggunakan minimal 1 tahun terakhir dan bahkan sudah 5 tahun terakhir sejak 2019. Data penelitian ini juga menunjukan bahwa variabel penelitian yang digunakan menjelaskan bahwa adanya saling hubungan yang saling mempengaruhi dan memberikan korelasi yang siginifikan. Seluruh hiptotesis yang ditetapkan pada penelitian ini juga diterima. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa sistem pembayaran digital oleh pelaku usaha UMKM di kota Batam diterima.
Generation of Melodies for the Lost Chant of the Mozarabic Rite
Authors: Conklin Darrell , Maessen Geert
Published: October 2019

Prior to the establishment of the Roman rite with its Gregorian chant, in the Iberian Peninsula and Southern France the Mozarabic rite, with its own tradition of chant, was dominant from the sixth until the eleventh century. Few of these chants are preserved in pitch readable notation and thousands exist only in manuscripts using adiastematic neumes which specify only melodic contour relations and not exact intervals. Though their precise melodies appear to be forever lost it is possible to use computational machine learning and statistical sequence generation methods to produce plausible realizations. Pieces from the León antiphoner, dating from the early tenth century, were encoded into templates then instantiated by sampling from a statistical model trained on pitch-readable Gregorian chants. A concert of ten Mozarabic chant realizations was performed at a music festival in the Netherlands. This study shows that it is possible to construct realizations for incomplete ancient cultural remnants using only partial information compiled into templates, combined with statistical models learned from extant pieces to fill the templates.
Topological Model of an Electromagnetic Environment Inside a Ship for Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Analysis
Authors: Katulski Ryszard J. , Namiotko Rafał
Published: October 2019

The mutual electromagnetic (EM) interactions between electrical and electronic devices in a segmented space, such as a ship’s environment, are described. Knowledge of EM interference signal (EM disturbance) distribution is important when setting correct locations for electrical and electronic equipment in a ship’s environment. Firstly, the topological structure of a ship’s segmented internal environment (under the main deck), which consists of many electrical screening walls (shielding planes), is presented. The planes attenuate the EM disturbances. Then, taking into account the ship’s topological structure, a general description of the EM disturbance distribution, called the ship’s topological electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) model, is formulated using matrix expressions. This model includes EM disturbances that radiate from a ship’s own internal sources (located under the main deck) and/or external sources (located above the main deck), and/or that radiate from extraneous external sources, i.e., from other ships and/or aircrafts. A description of the model for an example EMC ship scenario and a partial verification of its measurements are shown and discussed. Finally, a discussion of the usefulness of the proposed model in an analysis of a ship’s EMC conditions concludes this study.
In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Possible Corrosion Products from Mg-Based Biodegradable Metals: Magnesium Oxide and Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Pallavi Manishi , Waterman Jenora , Koo Youngmi , Sankar Jagannathan , Yun Yeoheung
Published: October 2019

Biodegradable magnesium (Mg) alloys have potential applications in orthopedic implants due to their mechanical and osseointegration properties. However, the surface characteristics, biocompatibility, and toxicity of the released corrosion products in the form of magnesium oxide (MgO) and magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) nanoparticles (NPs) at the junction of implants and in the surrounding tissue are not completely understood. Here, we investigated in vitro cytotoxicity and morphological changes in human fetal osteoblast (hFOB) 1.19 cells in response to various concentrations (1 mM, 5 mM, 10 mM, and 50 mM) of MgO/Mg(OH)2 NPs by live/dead assay and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In this study, we performed a surface characterization of MgO/Mg(OH)2 NPs to evaluate the size of the NPs. Further, an immersion test was performed in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM) with randomly selected various concentrations (1 mM, 5 mM, 10 mM, 50 mM, and 100 mM) of MgO/Mg(OH)2 NPs to understand the degradation behavior of the NPs, and the change in the pH values from days 1 to 7 was measured. After conducting an immersion test for seven days, the highest concentration (100 mM) of MgO/Mg(OH)2 NPs was selected to study the element depositions on nanoparticles through scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX) mapping. The results from this in vitro cytotoxicity study suggest that less than or equal to 5-mM concentrations of MgO/Mg(OH)2 NPs are tolerable concentrations for hFOB 1.19 cells. This study provides a foundational knowledge of MgO/Mg(OH)2 NP cytotoxicity in hFOB 1.19 cells that can help to develop future sustainable biodegradable magnesium-based alloys for orthopedic applications.
T.C. Cannon’s Guitar
Authors: Deloria Philip J.
Published: October 2019

How might we understand the art—and perhaps something of the life—of Kiowa/Caddo artist T.C. Cannon by centering his engagement with music and in particular with a meditation on Cannon’s 000-18 Martin guitar, which greeted visitors to the landmark exhibition, T.C. Cannon: At the Edge of America? In the form of a personal reflective essay, T.C. Cannon’s Guitar contemplates my own history with similar guitars, songs from the folk-songwriter tradition, and questions of multi-media crossings—art, music, text, object—that demonstrate revealing stylistic affinities. The essay explores intergenerational relations between myself, Cannon, and my father Vine Deloria, Jr., the three of us evenly spaced over the course of the late twentieth century, and it does so in an effort to understand something about the historical impulses of the period between 1965 and 1978. In that moment—accessible to me through memories of affects more than memories of actions—Native politics and art were both figuring out ways to honor the past while making it new, creating distinctive forms that we can recognize around concepts such as survivance, sovereignty, and indigenous modernism.
The Hollywood Dance-In: Abstract and Material Relations of Corporeal Reproduction
Authors: Kraut Anthea
Published: October 2019

This essay asks what the figure of the Hollywood dance-in—a dancer who performed in place of a star prior to filming and who assisted the choreographer in the creation of dance numbers—can reveal about the reproduction of corporeality as an operation that is both abstract and material. Focusing on the white film star Gene Kelly and his Mexican-born dance-in Alex Romero, the essay shows how the men functioned as literal and virtual doubles for one another in the rehearsal process and argues for an understanding of their relations of reproduction as queer and racially charged.
Structure of Cubic Al73.8Pd13.6Fe12.6 Phase with High Al Content
Authors: Li Hao , Fan Changzeng
Published: October 2019

A cubic ternary phase Al73.8Pd13.6Fe12.6 (designated C′ phase), with very high Al content (Al/TM = 2.82, TM denotes transition metal) was prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS). Its crystal structure was determined by combing single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) measurements. The crystal structure of the new phase can be described with a small unit cell (a = 7.6403(2) Å; space group Pm 3 ¯ , No. 200) as that of Al2.63Rh (a = 7.6692(1) Å; space group P23, No. 195) while different from those of the reported Al39Pd21Fe2 (a = 15.515(1) Å; space group Fm 3 ¯ , No. 202) and Al69Pd17Fe14 (a = 15.3982(2) Å; space group Im 3 ¯ , No. 204) compounds, which both adopt a double length unit cell in the Al–Pd–Fe system. The mechanism of distributing more Al atoms in the new phase was compared with that of the Al2.63Rh phase by analyzing their site symmetry and the corresponding site of occupancies (SOF). Furthermore, relations of the C′ phase to the reported Al69Pd17Fe14 (designated C1 phase) and Al39Pd21Fe2 (designated C2 phase) phases were investigated by analyzing their building units with the “nanocluster” method in the ToposPro package.
In Vitro Probiotic Properties and DNA Protection Activity of Yeast and Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from A Honey-Based Kefir Beverage
Authors: de Oliveira Coelho Bruna , Fiorda-Mello Fernanda , de Melo Pereira Gilberto , Thomaz-Soccol Vanete , Rakshit Sudip , de Carvalho Júlio , Soccol Carlos
Published: October 2019

The probiotic characteristics of three acid-tolerant microbial strains, viz., Lactobacillus satsumensis LPBF1, Leuconostoc mesenteroides LPBF2 and Saccharomyes cerevisiae LPBF3, isolated from a honey-based kefir functional beverage, were studied following the requirements established by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO), including host-associated stress resistance, epithelium adhesion ability, and antimicrobial activity. The three microbial strains tolerated different pH values (2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 7.0) and bile salt concentrations (0.3% and 0.6%), and survive in the presence of simulated gastric juice, which are conditions imposed by the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, they showed high percentages of hydrophobicity, auto aggregation and anti-pathogenic against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with no hemolytic activity. The protective capacity of human DNA through microbial treatment was investigated by single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) comet assay. The three selected strains showed DNA protection effect against damage caused by hydroxyl radical (H2O2). However, when the S. cerevisiae treatment was applied, the most effective DNA protection index was observed, which can be associated to its high production of extracellular antioxidants as reveled by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazylhydrate (DPPH) method. These results indicated that the three selected microbial strains could be useful for preventing oxidative DNA damage and cellular oxidation in food products. As well-adapted microbial cells, the selected strains can be used for production of non-dairy functional beverages, especially for vegans and/or vegetarians and lactose intolerants.
Biochemical and Nutritional Changes during Food Processing and Storage
Authors: Orlien Vibeke , Bolumar Tomas
Published: October 2019

Domestic food processing goes a long way back in time, for example, heat for cooking was used 1 [...]
In Vitro Studies of Fermented Korean Chung-Yang Hot Pepper Phenolics as Inhibitors of Key Enzymes Relevant to Hypertension and Diabetes
Authors: Yeon Su-Jung , Kim Ji-Han , Cho Won-Young , Kim Soo-Ki , Seo Han Geuk , Lee Chi-Ho
Published: October 2019

This study was investigated to evaluate the antioxidant activity, the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition effect, and the α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition activities of hot pepper water extracts both before and after their fermentation. The fermented pepper water extract (FP) showed significantly higher total phenol content, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical inhibition effect, metal chelating activity and ACE inhibition activity compared to the non-fermented raw pepper water extract (RP) (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the FP showed lower α-amylase and higher α-glucosidase inhibitory activities, but the RP showed similar levels of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Taken together, these results suggested that fermented pepper extract using water should be expected to have potentially inhibitory effects against both hyperglycemia and hypertension.
Re-Framing Hottentot: Liberating Black Female Sexuality from the Mammy/Hottentot Bind
Authors: Nanda Shaweta
Published: October 2019

Taking up Michele Wallace’s call to interrogate popular cultural forms and unravel their relationship with the political discourse of the time, this paper begins by examining the popular discourse about Black female sexuality in the USA. White, cis-hetero-patriarchal cultural and visual imagination still represents Black women either as asexual and maternal mammies or as the deviant ‘Other’ that is as Venus Hottentots or ‘hypersexual’ Jezebels. Maternal and sexual scripts were first naturalized by popular and scientific discourse(s), and then covertly deployed by the dominant white hetero-patriarchal set up to mask the exploitation of Black women, and constrict the opportunities of growth that were available to them even after the emancipation. This paper analyzes how Black women writers like Elizabeth Alexander and Alice Walker, and visual artists such as Renee Cox develop an oppositional gaze, to use hooks’s phrase, and ‘re-frame’ the Venus Hottentot from their radical and subversive points of view. Building on theoretical insights of Gina Dent, Cornel West, and Audre Lorde, this paper engages with the oft-neglected relationship between pleasure, desire, identity, and Black female sexuality. Thus, Black female sexuality that has been expunged and/or termed ‘deviant’ actually becomes a source of empowerment for Black women.
Living up to Her “Avant-Guardism”: H.D. and the Senescence of Classical Modernism
Authors: Hobson Suzanne
Published: October 2019

In a journal entry from 1957, H.D. writes that Adorno’s description of the aging of modernist music might easily apply to the fate of her own work in the post-war period: “Among other fascinating things, he [Adorno] says that Bartók ‘could not quite live up to his own avant-guardism’ [sic] […]. I felt the phrase applied, in a way, to myself and my Helen sequence” (H.D. 2015, p. 40). H.D.’s remark refers to her long poem, Helen in Egypt (1960), which, with its engagement with classical sources and epic themes, seemed to some to be a throwback to an earlier modernist period in which Pound, Joyce, Eliot and H.D. herself had looked to ancient models as a means of reinvigorating modern literature. What did it mean for H.D. to feel that her work had outlived its time, to be a first-generation modernist still writing in that mode after many of her peers and their achievements had passed into history? This article explores H.D.’s sense that her practice was at odds with contemporary demands for poetry to answer to immediate historical concerns. It also considers her case against the critics in letters, notes and in Helen in Egypt which contains its own defense of the relevance of classical modernism to the post-war present day.
The Extended Postoperative Care-Score (EXPO-Score)—An Objective Tool for Early Identification of Indication for Extended Postoperative Care
Authors: Iden Timo , Caliebe Amke , Renner Jochen , Hertz Maj-Britt , Höcker Jan , Suvanto-Scholz Päivi , Steinfath Markus , Weiler Norbert , Gruenewald Matthias
Published: October 2019

Extended postoperative care and intensive care unit capacity is limited and efficient patient allocation is mandatory. This study aims to develop an effective yet simple score to predict indication for extended postoperative care, as there is a lack of objective criteria for early prediction of admission to extended care in surgical patients. This prospective observational study was divided into two periods (Period 1: Extended Postoperative Care-Score (EXPO)-Score generation; Period 2: EXPO-Score validation) and it was performed at a tertiary university center in Germany. A total of 4042 (Period 1) and 2198 (Period 2) adult patients ≥ 18 years old receiving elective or emergency surgery were included in this study. After identifying patient- and surgery-related risk factors by an expert panel, the EXPO-Score was developed through logistic regression from data of Period 1 and validated in Period 2. Three risk factors are sufficient for generating a reliable predictive EXPO-Score: (1) the American Society of Anesthesiologists’ (ASA) physical status, (2) cardiopulmonary physical exercise status expressed in metabolic equivalents (MET), and (3) the type of surgery. The score threshold (0.23) has a sensitivity of 0.87, a specificity of 0.91, and an accuracy of 0.90 for predicting indication for extended postoperative care. The EXPO-Score provides a validated, early collectable, and easy-to-use tool for predicting indication of extended postoperative care in adult surgical patients.
Correction: Brkić, D., and Praks, P. Accurate and Efficient Explicit Approximations of the Colebrook Flow Friction Equation Based on the Wright ω-Function. Mathematics 2019, 7, 34
Authors: Brkić Dejan , Praks Pavel
Published: October 2019

Having in mind that in the title of the article contains term “Wright ω-function” and not its cognate “Lambert W-function”, the authors would like to change Equation (2) of [1] in order to contain both expressions, as follows [...]
On the Gibbs Effect Based on the Quasi-Affine Dual Tight Framelets System Generated Using the Mixed Oblique Extension Principle
Authors: Mohammad Mutaz
Published: October 2019

Gibbs effect represents the non-uniform convergence of the nth Fourier partial sums in approximating functions in the neighborhood of their non-removable discontinuities (jump discontinuities). The overshoots and undershoots cannot be removed by adding more terms in the series. This effect has been studied in the literature for wavelet and framelet expansions. Dual tight framelets have been proven useful in signal processing and many other applications where translation invariance, or the resulting redundancy, is very important. In this paper, we will study this effect using the dual tight framelets system. This system is generated by the mixed oblique extension principle. We investigate the existence of the Gibbs effect in the truncated expansion of a given function by using some dual tight framelets representation. We also give some examples to illustrate the results.
A Novel Image Tamper Detection and Self-Recovery Algorithm Based on Watermarking and Chaotic System
Authors: Li Yewen , Song Wei , Zhao Xiaobing , Wang Juan , Zhao Lizhi
Published: October 2019

With the development of image editing software techniques, the content integrity and authenticity of original digital images become more and more important in digital content security. A novel image tampering detection and recovery algorithm based on digital watermarking technology and a chaotic system is proposed, and it can effectively locate the tampering region and achieve the approximate recovery of the original image by using the hidden information. The pseudo-random cyclic chain is realized by the chaotic system to construct the mapping relationship between the image subblocks. It can effectively guarantee the randomness of the positional relationship between the hidden information and the original image block for the better ergodicity of the pseudo-random chain. The recovery value optimization algorithm can represent image information better. In addition to the traditional Level-1 recovery, a weight adaptive algorithm is designed to distinguish the original block from the primary recovery block, allowing 3 × 3 neighbor block recovery to achieve better results. The experimental results show that the hierarchical tamper detection algorithm makes tamper detection have higher precision. When facing collage attacks and large general tampering, it will have higher recovery image quality and better resistance performance.
On a Vector Modified Yajima–Oikawa Long-Wave–Short-Wave Equation
Authors: Geng Xianguo , Li Ruomeng
Published: October 2019

A vector modified Yajima–Oikawa long-wave–short-wave equation is proposed using the zero-curvature presentation. On the basis of the Riccati equations associated with the Lax pair, a method is developed to construct multi-fold classical and generalized Darboux transformations for the vector modified Yajima–Oikawa long-wave–short-wave equation. As applications of the multi-fold classical Darboux transformations and generalized Darboux transformations, various exact solutions for the vector modified long-wave–short-wave equation are obtained, including soliton, breather, and rogue wave solutions.
Dynamic Agile Distributed Development Method
Authors: Nadeem Muhammad Asgher , Lee Scott Uk-Jin
Published: October 2019

“Agile” is an effective software engineering model with a high trust and acceptance rate among its users. The term agility comes from the concept of rapid development and working in a team for better results and a faster competition rate when compared with any other software engineering model. In this study, an assessment of the different patterns, frameworks, and application program interfaces available for distributed development in an agile model is given. After analyzing the state-of-the-art distributed models, a novel framework of a dynamic agile distributed development method (DADDM) is introduced in this paper. Many researchers have worked on global software development using the agile approach; however, we are presenting the idea of incorporating the agile benefits with dynamic distributed software development. The applicability of the proposed model is checked via two selected parameters: a feasibility study and a business study. The complete DADDM development life cycle is presented in the methodology section. The techniques used in DADDM and team members’ roles and responsibilities in DADDM are defined in this study. This study reflects all pillars of planning, controlling, organizing, and management of leadership. The use of DADDM in distributed agile development encourages future researchers to use this proposed framework for comparison and testing of their models and to check the effectiveness through a comparison with DADDM.
Positive Solutions for a System of Fractional Integral Boundary Value Problems of Riemann–Liouville Type Involving Semipositone Nonlinearities
Authors: Ding Youzheng , Xu Jiafa , Fu Zhengqing
Published: October 2019

In this work by the index of fixed point and matrix theory, we discuss the positive solutions for the system of Riemann–Liouville type fractional boundary value problems D 0 + α u ( t ) + f 1 ( t , u ( t ) , v ( t ) , w ( t ) ) = 0 , t ∈ ( 0 , 1 ) , D 0 + α v ( t ) + f 2 ( t , u ( t ) , v ( t ) , w ( t ) ) = 0 , t ∈ ( 0 , 1 ) , D 0 + α w ( t ) + f 3 ( t , u ( t ) , v ( t ) , w ( t ) ) = 0 , t ∈ ( 0 , 1 ) , u ( 0 ) = u ′ ( 0 ) = ⋯ = u ( n − 2 ) ( 0 ) = 0 , D 0 + p u ( t ) | t = 1 = ∫ 0 1 h ( t ) D 0 + q u ( t ) d t , v ( 0 ) = v ′ ( 0 ) = ⋯ = v ( n − 2 ) ( 0 ) = 0 , D 0 + p v ( t ) | t = 1 = ∫ 0 1 h ( t ) D 0 + q v ( t ) d t , w ( 0 ) = w ′ ( 0 ) = ⋯ = w ( n − 2 ) ( 0 ) = 0 , D 0 + p w ( t ) | t = 1 = ∫ 0 1 h ( t ) D 0 + q w ( t ) d t , where α ∈ ( n − 1 , n ] with n ∈ N , n ≥ 3 , p , q ∈ R with p ∈ [ 1 , n − 2 ] , q ∈ [ 0 , p ] , D 0 + α is the α order Riemann–Liouville type fractional derivative, and f i ( i = 1 , 2 , 3 ) ∈ C ( [ 0 , 1 ] × R + × R + × R + , R ) are semipositone nonlinearities.
Global Existence of Strong Solutions for Beris–Edwards’s Liquid Crystal System in Dimension Three
Authors: Luo Yongshun , Li Sirui , Zhao Fangxin
Published: October 2019

We consider a system, established by Beris and Edwards in the Q-tensor framework, modeling the incompressible flow of nematic liquid crystals. The coupling system consists of the Navier–Stokes equation and the evolution equation for the Q-tensor. We prove the global existence of strong solutions in a three-dimensional bounded domain with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions, under the assumption that the viscosity is sufficiently large.
Transposition of Insertion Sequences was Triggered by Oxidative Stress in Radiation-Resistant Bacterium Deinococcus geothermalis
Authors: Lee Chanjae , Choi Nakjun , Bae Min K. , Choo Kyungsil , Lee Sung-Jae
Published: October 2019

During an oxidative stress-response assay on a putative Dps-like gene-disrupted Δdgeo_0257 mutant strain of radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus geothermalis, a non-pigmented colony was observed among the normal reddish color colonies. This non-pigmented mutant cell subsequently displayed higher sensitivity to H2O2. While carotenoid has a role in protecting as scavenger of reactive oxygen species the reddish wild-type strain from radiation and oxidative stresses, it is hypothesized that the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway has been disrupted in the mutant D. geothermalis cell. Here, we show that, in the non-pigmented mutant cell of interest, phytoene desaturase (Dgeo_0524, crtI), a key enzyme in carotenoid biosynthesis, was interrupted by transposition of an ISDge7 family member insertion sequence (IS) element. RNA-Seq analysis between wild-type and Δdgeo_0257 mutant strains revealed that the expression level of ISDge5 family transposases, but not ISDge7 family members, were substantially up-regulated in the Δdgeo_0257 mutant strain. We revealed that the non-pigmented strain resulted from the genomic integration of ISDge7 family member IS elements, which were also highly up-regulated, particularly following oxidative stress. The transposition path for both transposases is a replicative mode. When exposed to oxidative stress in the absence of the putative DNA binding protein Dgeo_0257, a reddish D. geothermalis strain became non-pigmented. This transformation was facilitated by transposition of an ISDge7 family IS element into a gene encoding a key enzyme of carotenoid biosynthesis. Further, we present evidence of additional active transposition by the ISDge5 family IS elements, a gene that was up-regulated during the stationary phase regardless of the presence of oxidative stress.
Cannabinoid Receptor Interacting Protein 1a (CRIP1a): Function and Structure
Authors: Booth William T. , Walker Noah B. , Lowther W. Todd , Howlett Allyn C.
Published: October 2019

Cannabinoid receptor interacting protein 1a (CRIP1a) is an important CB1 cannabinoid receptor-associated protein, first identified from a yeast two-hybrid screen to modulate CB1-mediated N-type Ca2+ currents. In this paper we review studies of CRIP1a function and structure based upon in vitro experiments and computational chemistry, which elucidate the specific mechanisms for the interaction of CRIP1a with CB1 receptors. N18TG2 neuronal cells overexpressing or silencing CRIP1a highlighted the ability of CRIP1 to regulate cyclic adenosine 3′,5′monophosphate (cAMP) production and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) phosphorylation. These studies indicated that CRIP1a attenuates the G protein signaling cascade through modulating which Gi/o subtypes interact with the CB1 receptor. CRIP1a also attenuates CB1 receptor internalization via β-arrestin, suggesting that CRIP1a competes for β-arrestin binding to the CB1 receptor. Predictions of CRIP1a secondary structure suggest that residues 34-110 are minimally necessary for association with key amino acids within the distal C-terminus of the CB1 receptor, as well as the mGlu8a metabotropic glutamate receptor. These interactions are disrupted through phosphorylation of serines and threonines in these regions. Through investigations of the function and structure of CRIP1a, new pharmacotherapies based upon the CRIP-CB1 receptor interaction can be designed to treat diseases such as epilepsy, motor dysfunctions and schizophrenia.
Comparative In Vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial and Osteogenic Activity of Polysaccharide and Flavonoid Fractions Isolated from the leaves of Saussurea controversa
Authors: Khlusov Igor , Avdeeva Elena , Shupletsova Valeria , Khaziakhmatova Olga , Litvinova Larisa , Porokhova Ekaterina , Reshetov Yaroslav , Zvereva Irina , Mushtovatova Lyudmila , Karpova Mariia , Guryev Artem , Sukhodolo Irina , Belousov Mikhail
Published: October 2019

The osteogenic, cytotoxic, and antibacterial activities of polysaccharide (PS-SC) and flavonoid (F-SC) fractions isolated from the leaves extract of Saussurea controversa were studied in vitro. F-SC consists of the five quercetin glycosides in the ratio 2:8:10:1:4, which were isolated from the leaves extract of S. controversa and have been characterized previously. PS-SC was first isolated from the leaves extract of S. controversa and has been described. PS-SC consists in 30 compounds is characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity with a heterogeneity index of 19.74. The Mw and Mn of PS-SC were 108.6 and 5.5 kDa, respectively. Structural fragments are represented by galactose, arabinose, xylose, glucose, uronic acids, mannose, and rhamnose in a 10.1:3.3:2.2:2.1:1.7:0.9:0.5 molar ratio. F-SC as compared with PS-SC showed in vitro microbicidal (50 g/L) and better bacteriostatic (6.25 g/L versus 25 g/L of PS-SC) effects against the 24-h growth of Staphylococcus aureus strain 209 P and a 21-day absence of cytotoxicity on human adipose-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMMSCs). Both fractions (PS-SC > F-SC) at doses of 10–50 mg/L stimulated differentiation of hAMMSCs into secreting osteoblasts accompanied by local mineralization of extracellular matrix. These fractions of S. controversa and especially F-SC, might be promising peroral drugs in the complex treatment of bone fractures and for prophylaxis of their infectious complications.