bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Survey of current maintenance intravenous fluids prescribing practices among Egyptian pediatricians
Authors: Abdelaziz Alyaa Ahdy , Bazaraa Hafez Mahmoud , Omar Sherif Reda , Ashmawy Rasha , El-Maradny Yousra A. , Ghazy Ramy Mohammed
Published: February 2024

Background

Recent research has firmly linked the administration of hypotonic fluids with the incidence of hospital-acquired hyponatremia in pediatric patients.

Objective

This study examined the prevailing practices in prescribing maintenance intravenous fluids (mIVFs) among Egyptian pediatricians, assessed the compliance of current prescribing practices with the American Academy of Pediatrics Clinical Practice Guidelines (AAP-CPG), and emphasized the urgency for revised educational initiatives.

Materials and methods

To recruit pediatricians for this study, a convenience and snowballing sampling methods were used. The questionnaire was created in Google Forms and then distributed in English to Egyptian Facebook groups devoted to pediatric education. The data collection phase started on January 1, and ended on February 28, 2022. Different case scenarios with increased antidiuretic hormone were introduced, and respondents were asked to choose the optimum mIVFs in each case scenario. Finally, respondents were directly asked how often they use isotonic fluids as their primary mIVFs and what caused them to not use isotonic fluids.

Results

For this study, a total of 513 participatants were included. The survey revealed that Egyptian pediatricians did not not fully comply with AAP-CPG regarding the mIVFs in pediatrics. Hypotonic fluids are still preferred, but there is a shift towards 0.45% sodium chloride (NaCl) from the previously favored 0.2% NaCl. Isotonic fluids are more common in older age groups and conditions that involve potential excessive antidiuretic hormone secretion, while 0.2% NaCl remains popular in neonatal care. Balanced solutions are underused, indicating practice variation.

Conclusions

The utilization of isotonic fluids in the treatment of neurologic conditions has experienced a notable increase, propelled by heightened awareness and a growing demand for continuous medical education. To comprehensively address concerns related to fluid management beyond the scope of AAP-CPG, it is imperative to conduct multicenter studies across governmental, private, and educational pediatric healthcare settings to assess and improve pediatracians' clinical practice.
Prevalence and dissemination of mcr-9.1-producing non-typhoidal Salmonella strains from diarrhea patients throughout China during 2010–2020
Authors: Cui Qingpo , Li Weiwei , Yang Tingting , Qin Xiaoxia , Jiang Xiaotong , Zhao Xiangtan , Yang Xiaorong , Sun Yong , Zhang Meng , Ying Luyu , Gong Xiaowei , Wang Changyu , Zhao Guanzheng , Yang Qin , Fu Mengjiao , Guo Yunchang , Shen Zhangqi
Published: February 2024

The emergence of mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) genes has raised significant concerns as they pose a public health issue. The prevalence of mcr genes, particularly the newly discovered mcr-9 gene, in non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) isolates remains unclear. We characterized mcr-9.1-producing NTS isolates from China. Among 7,106 NTS isolates from diarrhea cases in 32 provinces during 2010–2020, 11 mcr-9.1-producing isolates were identified and were all not resistant to colistin. Five isolates belonged to Salmonella Thompson and sequence type (ST) 26, two belonged to Salmonella Typhimurium and ST34, two belonged to Salmonella Typhimurium and ST36, and two belonged to Salmonella 1,4,[5],12:i:- and ST34. Plasmids harboring mcr-9.1 tended to possess the IncHI2 backbone and were ~ 300 kb long. All mcr-9.1 genes shared the same flanking sequence, rcnR-rcnA-pcoS-IS903-mcr-9.1-wbuC. According to the NCBI data, we found that NTS serves as the primary host of mcr-9.1, although the prevalence of specific serotypes differed between domestic and international settings. Notably, most data came from developed countries, such as the USA. mcr-9.1 tended to be transferred as a gene cassette or to be mobilized by a conjugational plasmid in multiple bacteria across humans, animals, and the environment. Furthermore, mcr-9.1 frequently co-existed and was co-transferred with various genes encoding resistance to first-line drugs, reducing the effectiveness of available therapeutic options. In summary, although mcr-9 does not mediate colistin resistance, it can silently spread with some genes encoding resistance to first-line drugs, and therefore warrants research attention.
Weak gravitational lensing by multi-horizons black hole
Authors: Mushtaq Farzan , Tiecheng Xia , Yasir Muhammad , Ahsan Aitazaz
Published: February 2024

We investigate the weak gravitational lensing caused by multi-horizon black hole (MHBH) on light. Using the Gauss-Bonnet theorem, which demonstrates that light bending is a topological and global phenomenon, we are able to deduce the deflection angle of light in the weak field limits. First, we use the Gauss-Bonnet theorem to estimate the Gaussian optical curvature and determine the MHBH deflection angle for spherically balanced spacetime. Further, we evaluate the deflection angle of light within the plasma medium framework. Likewise, the impact of plasma and the non-plasma medium clearly illustrate the dynamics of the deflection angle by multi-horizons black hole.
mTOR Regulates Mineralocorticoid Receptor Transcriptional Activity by ULK1-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms
Authors: Ali Yusuf , Gomez-Sanchez Celso E , Plonczynski Maria , Naray-Fejes-Toth Aniko , Fejes-Toth Geza , Gomez-Sanchez Elise P
Published: February 2024

The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a transcription factor for genes mediating diverse, cell-specific functions, including trophic effects as well as promoting fluid/electrolyte homeostasis. It was reported that in intercalated cells, phosphorylation of the MR at serine 843 (S843) by Unc-51–like kinase (ULK1) inhibits MR activation and that phosphorylation of ULK1 by mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inactivates ULK1, and thereby prevents MR inactivation. We extended these findings with studies in M1 mouse cortical collecting duct cells stably expressing the rat MR and a reporter gene. Pharmacological inhibition of ULK1 dose-dependently increased ligand-induced MR transactivation, while ULK1 activation had no effect. Pharmacological inhibition of mTOR and CRISPR/gRNA gene knockdown of rapamycin-sensitive adapter protein of mTOR (Raptor) or rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR (Rictor) decreased phosphorylated ULK1 and ligand-induced activation of the MR reporter gene, as well as transcription of endogenous MR-target genes. As predicted, ULK1 inhibition had no effect on aldosterone-mediated transcription in M1 cells with the mutated MR-S843A (alanine cannot be phosphorylated). In contrast, mTOR inhibition dose-dependently decreased transcription in the MR-S843A cells, though not as completely as in cells with the wild-type MR-S843. mTOR, Raptor, and Rictor coprecipitated with the MR and addition of aldosterone increased their phosphorylated, active state. These results suggest that mTOR significantly regulates MR activity in at least 2 ways: by suppressing MR inactivation by ULK1, and by a yet ill-defined mechanism that involves direct association with MR. They also provide new insights into the diverse functions of ULK1 and mTOR, 2 key enzymes that monitor the cell's energy status.
A Prospective Observational Cohort Study of Language Preference and Preoperative Cognitive Screening in Older Adults: Do Language Disparities Exist in Cognitive Screening and Does the Association Between Test Results and Postoperative Delirium Differ Based on Language Preference?
Authors: Canales Cecilia , Ramirez Cecilia M. , Yang Shangyang C. , Feinberg Sharon A. , Grogan Tristan R. , Whittington Robert A. , Sarkisian Catherine , Cannesson Maxime
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:

A greater percentage of surgical procedures are being performed each year on patients 65 years of age or older. Concurrently, a growing proportion of patients in English-speaking countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, and Canada have a language other than English (LOE) preference. We aimed to measure whether patients with LOE underwent cognitive screening at the same rates as their English-speaking counterparts when routine screening was instituted. We also aimed to measure the association between preoperative Mini-Cog and postoperative delirium (POD) in both English-speaking and LOE patients.

METHODS:

We conducted a single-center, observational cohort study in patients 65 years old or older, scheduled for surgery and evaluated in the preoperative clinic. Cognitive screening of older adults was recommended as an institutional program for all patients 65 and older presenting to the preoperative clinic. We measured program adherence for cognitive screening. We also assessed the association of preoperative impairment on Mini-Cog and POD in both English-speaking and LOE patients, and whether the association differed for the 2 groups. A Mini-Cog score ≤2 was considered impaired. Postoperatively, patients were assessed for POD using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) and by systematic chart review.

RESULTS:

Over a 3-year period (February 2019–January 2022), 2446 patients 65 years old or older were assessed in the preoperative clinic prior. Of those 1956 patients underwent cognitive screening. Eighty-nine percent of English-speaking patients underwent preoperative cognitive screening, compared to 58% of LOE patients. The odds of having a Mini-Cog assessment were 5.6 times higher (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.6–7.0) P < .001 for English-speaking patients compared to LOE patients. In English-speaking patients with a positive Mini-Cog screen, the odds of having postop delirium were 3.5 times higher (95% CI, 2.6–4.8) P < .001 when compared to negative Mini-Cog. In LOE patients, the odds of having postop delirium were 3.9 times higher (95% CI, 2.1–7.3) P < .001 for those with a positive Mini-Cog compared to a negative Mini-Cog. The difference between these 2 odds ratios was not significant (P = .753).

CONCLUSIONS:

We observed a disparity in the rates LOE patients were cognitively screened before surgery, despite the Mini-Cog being associated with POD in both English-speaking and LOE patients. Efforts should be made to identify barriers to cognitive screening in limited English-proficient older adults.
Filopodial protrusion driven by density-dependent Ena–TOCA-1 interactions
Authors: Blake Thomas C. A. , Fox Helen M. , Urbančič Vasja , Ravishankar Roshan , Wolowczyk Adam , Allgeyer Edward S. , Mason Julia , Danuser Gaudenz , Gallop Jennifer L.
Published: February 2024

Filopodia are narrow actin-rich protrusions with important roles in neuronal development where membrane-binding adaptor proteins, such as I-BAR- and F-BAR-domain-containing proteins, have emerged as upstream regulators that link membrane interactions to actin regulators such as formins and proteins of the Ena/VASP family. Both the adaptors and their binding partners are part of diverse and redundant protein networks that can functionally compensate for each other. To explore the significance of the F-BAR domain-containing neuronal membrane adaptor TOCA-1 (also known as FNBP1L) in filopodia we performed a quantitative analysis of TOCA-1 and filopodial dynamics in Xenopus retinal ganglion cells, where Ena/VASP proteins have a native role in filopodial extension. Increasing the density of TOCA-1 enhances Ena/VASP protein binding in vitro, and an accumulation of TOCA-1, as well as its coincidence with Ena, correlates with filopodial protrusion in vivo. Two-colour single-molecule localisation microscopy of TOCA-1 and Ena supports their nanoscale association. TOCA-1 clusters promote filopodial protrusion and this depends on a functional TOCA-1 SH3 domain and activation of Cdc42, which we perturbed using the small-molecule inhibitor CASIN. We propose that TOCA-1 clusters act independently of membrane curvature to recruit and promote Ena activity for filopodial protrusion.
The Dilute domain in Canoe is not essential for linking cell junctions to the cytoskeleton but supports morphogenesis robustness
Authors: McParland Emily D. , Butcher T. Amber , Gurley Noah J. , Johnson Ruth I. , Slep Kevin C. , Peifer Mark
Published: February 2024

Robust linkage between adherens junctions and the actomyosin cytoskeleton allows cells to change shape and move during morphogenesis without tearing tissues apart. The Drosophila multidomain protein Canoe and its mammalian homolog afadin are crucial for this, as in their absence many events of morphogenesis fail. To define the mechanism of action for Canoe, we are taking it apart. Canoe has five folded protein domains and a long intrinsically disordered region. The largest is the Dilute domain, which is shared by Canoe and myosin V. To define the roles of this domain in Canoe, we combined biochemical, genetic and cell biological assays. AlphaFold was used to predict its structure, providing similarities and contrasts with Myosin V. Biochemical data suggested one potential shared function – the ability to dimerize. We generated Canoe mutants with the Dilute domain deleted (CnoΔDIL). Surprisingly, they were viable and fertile. CnoΔDIL localized to adherens junctions and was enriched at junctions under tension. However, when its dose was reduced, CnoΔDIL did not provide fully wild-type function. Furthermore, canoeΔDIL mutants had defects in the orchestrated cell rearrangements of eye development. This reveals the robustness of junction–cytoskeletal connections during morphogenesis and highlights the power of natural selection to maintain protein structure.
Energy allocation is revealed while behavioural performance persists after fire disturbance
Authors: Iwińska Karolina , Wirowska Martyna , Borowski Zbigniew , Boratyński Zbyszek , Solecki Paweł , Ciesielski Mariusz , Boratyński Jan S.
Published: February 2024

Metabolic physiology and animal behaviour are often considered to be linked, positively or negatively, according to either the performance or allocation models. Performance seems to predominate over allocation in natural systems, but the constraining environmental context may reveal allocation limitations to energetically expensive behaviours. Habitat disturbance, such as the large-scale fire that burnt wetlands of Biebrza National Park (NE Poland), degrades natural ecosystems. It arguably reduces food and shelter availability, modifies predator–prey interactions, and poses a direct threat for animal survival, such as that of the wetland specialist root vole Microtus oeconomus. We hypothesized that fire disturbance induces physiology–behaviour co-expression, as a consequence of changed environmental context. We repeatedly measured maintenance and exercise metabolism, and behavioural responses to the open field, in a root voles from post-fire and unburnt locations. Highly repeatable maintenance metabolism and distance moved during behavioural tests correlated positively, but relatively labile exercise metabolism did not covary with behaviour. At the same time, voles from a post-fire habitat had higher maintenance metabolism and moved shorter distances than voles from unburnt areas. We conclude there is a prevalence of the performance mechanism, but simultaneous manifestation of context-dependent allocation constraints of the physiology–behaviour covariation after disturbance. The last occurs at the within-individual level, indicating the significance of behavioural plasticity in the context of environmental disturbance.
Looking beyond the mean: quantile regression for comparative physiologists
Authors: Hird Coen , Barham Kaitlin E. , Franklin Craig E.
Published: February 2024

Statistical analyses that physiologists use to test hypotheses predominantly centre on means, but the tail ends of the response distribution can behave quite differently and underpin important scientific phenomena. We demonstrate that quantile regression (QR) offers a way to bypass some limitations of least squares regression (LSR) by building a picture of independent variable effects across the whole distribution of a dependent variable. We used LSR and QR with simulated and real datasets. With simulated data, LSR showed no change in the mean response but missed significant effects in the tails of the distribution found using QR. With real data, LSR showed a significant change in the mean response but missed a lack of response in the upper quantiles which was biologically revealing. Together, this highlights that QR can help to ask and answer more questions about variation in nature.
The effectiveness of the trans-theoretical model in managing adult obese and overweight individuals
Authors: Gereklioğlu Çiğdem , Topal Kenan , Velipaşaoğlu Hatice , Aksoy Hüseyin
Published: February 2024

Background & Objective: The prevalence of obesity is gradually increasing in our country and worldwide. Being obese and overweight are risk factors for chronic diseases. Obesity has a multifactorial etiology, so treatment should involve lifestyle changes, psychological strategies, pharmacologic treatment, and bariatric surgery. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the trans-theoretical stages of change (TTM SOC) model in managing adult obese and overweight patients.

Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted with 133 adults who were admitted to the Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic of Adana City Research and Training Hospital between April 1, 2017, and April 30, 2019. Socio-demographic characteristics, blood pressures, anthropometric measurements, and laboratory data were compared between the baseline and the first, third, and sixth months.

Results: Body mass index (BMI) was higher among those with a low educational level. The mean age, the number of medications used, and the metabolic parameter values were significantly lower among the participants who did not have a chronic disease. Blood pressures, weight, BMI, plasma glucose and insulin, HOMA-IR, and triglyceride were statistically significantly higher at the baseline compared to follow-up values. Fasting plasma glucose was higher at the baseline in diabetic patients. The results were compared with Student t and One Way ANOVA tests. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to demonstrate the association between baseline and repeated metabolic measurements.

Conclusion: The trans-theoretical model is effective in managing adult obese and overweight individuals and also in glycemic control in obese Type-2 diabetics.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.7373

How to cite this: Gereklioglu C, Topal K, Velipasaoglu H, Aksoy H. The effectiveness of the trans-theoretical model in managing adult obese and overweight individuals. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(4):685-689. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.7373

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on the quality of life and clinical outcomes of patients with thyroid nodules treated by ultrasound-guided microwave ablation
Authors: Chen Dan , Yang Fan , Xing Shao-ling , Liu Chun-zi
Published: February 2024

Objective: To evaluate the effects of comprehensive nursing intervention on the quality of life and clinical outcomes of patients with thyroid nodules treated by ultrasound-guided microwave ablation.

Methods: This was a prospective study conducted from December 2020 to December 2022 at The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital. One hundred and twenty patients with benign thyroid nodules undergoing microwave ablation were included. Patients were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. Patients in the control group were given conventional intervention mode during the perioperative period, while those in the experimental group were given comprehensive nursing intervention mode on the basis of the control group. The differences in quality of life, cognitive level before and after intervention and satisfaction between the two groups were compared and analyzed.

Results: The SF-36 scores in the experimental group were significantly higher than that in the control group after intervention. After the intervention, the SAS and SDS scores in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with a statistically significant difference. The VAS scores in the experimental group were better than those in the control group at six, twelve and twenty four hour after operation, with statistically significant differences. After the intervention, the cognitive score of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group.

Conclusion: Comprehensive nursing intervention is worthy of clinical promotion in the treatment of patients with thyroid nodules treated by ultrasound-guided microwave ablation, leading to various benefits such as effectively improving patients’ quality of life and relieving pain.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.7616

How to cite this: Chen D, Yang F, Xing S, Liu C. Effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on the quality of life and clinical outcomes of patients with thyroid nodules treated by ultrasound-guided microwave ablation. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(4):663-668. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.7616

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Μελέτη σύγκρισης της αρτηριακής πρόσβασης από τη δεξιά άπω κερκιδική αρτηρία (στη θέση της ανατομικής ταμπακοθήκης) έναντι της κλασικής δεξιάς κερκιδικής πρόσβασης σε ασθενείς που υποβάλλονται σε στεφανιογραφία ή και αγγειοπλαστική
Authors: Παπαγεωργίου Αγγελική
Published: February 2024

Σκοπός: Η παρούσα μελέτη επιχείρησε να συγκρίνει την αναδυόμενη μέθοδο αρτηριακής πρόσβασης μέσω της άπω κερκιδικής αρτηρίας στη θέση της ανατομικής ταμπακοθήκης (dTRA) με την καθιερωμένη διακερκιδική προσπέλαση (TRA) σε σχέση με την ασφάλεια και την αποτελεσματικότητα τους, σε ασθενείς που υποβάλλονται σε διαγνωστική στεφανιογραφία (CAG) ή/ και αγγειοπλαστική (PCI). Επιστημονικό υπόβαθρο: Η TRA αποτελεί την προτεινόμενη αρχική οδό πρόσβασης για τις στεφανιαίες επεμβάσεις. Εντούτοις, σχετίζεται με σημαντικό κίνδυνο απόφραξης της κερκιδικής αρτηρίας στο αντιβράχιο (RAO). Η dTRA θα μπορούσε να συμβάλει στη μείωση της RAO. Μέθοδοι: Συνολικά 1042 ασθενείς με ένδειξη για CAG τυχαιοποιήθηκαν 1:1 σε δεξιά dTRA και TRA. Το πρωτογενές καταληκτικό σημείο ήταν το ποσοστό της RAO, που αξιολογήθηκε με τη διενέργεια υπερηχογραφικού Doppler 60 ημέρες μετά την τυχαιοποίηση. Αποτελέσματα: Στην ομάδα της dTRA καταμερίστηκαν 518 έναντι 524 ασθενών στο σκέλος της TRA. Ο υπερηχογραφικός επανέλεγχος με Doppler της κερκιδικής αρτηρίας ολοκληρώθηκε σε 404 (78.0%) ασθενείς της dTRA και σε 392 (74.8%) ασθενείς της ομάδας TRA. Το ποσοστό της RAO μειώθηκε σημαντικά στους ασθενείς που εφαρμόστηκε η στρατηγική της dTRA [15 ασθενείς (3.7%) στη dTRA, 31 ασθενείς (7.9%) στην TRA; P=0.014]. Το ποσοστό επιτυχούς τοποθέτησης του θηκαριού ήταν χαμηλότερο στο σκέλος της dTRA (78.7% έναντι 94.8% στην ομάδα της TRA, P<0.001). Επιπροσθέτως, περισσότερες παρακεντήσεις [διάμεση τιμή= 2 (IQR: 2- 3) έναντι διάμεσης τιμής= 1 (IQR: 1- 2), P<0.001] και περισσότερος χρόνος (120 sec έναντι 75 sec, P<0.001) χρειάσθηκαν για την εξασφάλιση πρόσβασης στην ομάδα της dTRA σε σύγκριση με την TRA. Ο χρόνος για την επίτευξη αιμόστασης ήταν σημαντικά ελαττωμένος στην ομάδα της dTRA σε σχέση με την TRA (60 min έναντι 120 min, P<0.001). Η ποσότητα τηςακτινοβολίας εκφρασμένη σε DAP (dose area product) ήταν υψηλότερη στην ομάδα της dTRA (διάμεση τιμή= 32,729 έναντι 28,909 cGy/cm2 στην ομάδα της TRA, P=0.02). Δεν κατεγράφησαν αξιόλογες διαφορές στα δευτερογενή καταληκτικά σημεία ασφαλείας (όπως αιμορραγία κατά BARC≥2, αιμάτωμα κατά EASY≥2 ή σοβαρός σπασμός). Συμπεράσματα: Σύμφωνα με τα ευρήματα της μελέτης μας, η dTRA σχετίζεται με χαμηλότερο ποσοστό RAO στο αντιβράχιο και ελαττωμένο χρόνο για την επίτευξη αιμόστασης. Εντούτοις, παρατηρήθηκε υψηλότερο ποσοστό αλλαγής της αρχικά τυχαιοποιημένης θέσης πρόσβασης, της δόσης της ακτινοβολίας (DAP), καθώς και του συνολικού χρόνου επέμβασης σε σύγκριση με την TRA.
The Polish Catholic Church and the Public Memory of the Shoah: Between Mnemonic Backlash and Settling Accounts with the Past
Authors: Nowicka-Franczak Magdalena
Published: February 2024

The paper discusses the Polish Catholic Church’s ambiguous contribution to the public debate on settling accounts with the Polish-Jewish wartime past. The Church is an actor of right-wing historical politics, which casts Poles in the role of the primary victims of the war but is reluctant to speak out on the Shoah. The growing scholarly interest in the dark chapters in the history of Catholic-Jewish relations, which brings to light the Church’s institutional and symbolic responsibility for its attitude towards the persecuted Jewish community, has not translated directly into greater visibility of the issue in the mainstream media. However, the Church’s ceremonial indifference towards the memory of the Shoah is not resistant to changes in the historiography of the Shoah. The Church’s stance in the debate on the memory of the Shoah insufficiently recognises its position about the Jewish tragedy. On the other hand, it includes the actions undertaken by Father Wojciech Lemański and Bishop Rafał Markowski to commemorate the Jewish victims. The recognition of this cleavage aligns with sociological analyses of axiological divisions in Polish society.
A VINCULAÇÃO DO ÁRBITRO AOS PRECEDENTES JUDICIAIS E O CABIMENTO DA AÇÃO ANULATÓRIA DE SENTENÇA ARBITRAL
Authors: Gonçalves de Castro Mendes Aluisio , Carolina Paes de Castro Mendes Carolina
Published: February 2024

A sentença arbitral equipara-se à sentença judicial, sendo também prevista dentre os títulos executivos judiciais, conforme disposto no artigo 515, inciso VII, do Código de Processo Civil. A partir do sistema de precedentes vinculantes previsto no Código de Processo Civil de 2015, surgiu o questionamento se os árbitros estariam vinculados aos precedentes judiciais e, se estiverem, se a inobservância de um precedente judicial na arbitragem ensejaria a ação anulatória de sentença arbitral. O presente artigo tem, portanto, como objetivo, analisar a vinculação do árbitro aos precedentes judiciais e analisa o cabimento da ação anulatória de sentença arbitral, contemplada no artigo 32 da Lei nº 9.307/1996, diante da inobservância de precedente judicial vinculante. A partir de artigos especializados, teses de doutorado e obras doutrinárias, com um tratamento qualitativo às informações obtidas, é possível destacar que o árbitro vincula-se aos precedentes judiciais na medida em que estes integram o próprio Direito brasileiro, isto é, a aplicação do direito brasileiro não se esgota no texto legal. Já em relação ao cabimento da ação anulatória, tem-se como argumentos contrários que admitir a utilização da ação anulatória por desrespeito ao precedente permitiria possibilidade amplíssima de ataque a sentenças arbitrais, proporcionando a revisão da sentença arbitral no Poder Judiciário sem que estivesse previsto o cabimento da ação anulatória em qualquer uma das hipóteses elencadas no artigo 32 da Lei nº 9.307/1996 e que no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, a sentença arbitral não teria inteiramente o mesmo regramento da sentença judicial, já que, tratando-se de sentença judicial, há a previsão do cabimento de ação rescisória por violação manifesta à norma jurídica (artigo 966, inciso V, do Código de Processo Civil), mas caso o árbitro violasse, em sua sentença, literal disposição de lei, não haveria previsão de ação anulatória de acordo com o artigo 32 da Lei nº 9.307/1996. Porém, é preciso lembrar que os precedentes vinculantes asseguram a isonomia, a segurança jurídica nos julgamentos e a absoluta observância ao devido processo legal, seu desrespeito poderia ser caracterizado como violação da ordem pública, ensejando não só o dever do árbitro de observância aos precedentes vinculantes, como o cabimento da ação anulatória em caso de inobservância.
O CONTRASTE DA TUTELA JURISDICIONAL MOTIVADA E A LIBERDADE DO CONTRATO PARITÁRIO: ELEMENTOS PARA A DECISÃO JUDICIAL NA PROTEÇÃO DO RISCO ESTRATÉGICO DA TOMADA DE DECISÃO MERCANTIL
Authors: Marques de Medeiros Neto Elias , Malinowski Carlos Eduardo , Andrade de Brida Nério
Published: February 2024

O contrato empresarial é um instrumento que representa o exercício da autonomia, livre-iniciativa e vontade das partes na constituição de parcerias e grupos empresariais. Dos riscos assumidos em função dos benefícios almejados pelos agentes econômicos, sobrevêm crises em razão das decisões tomadas. O risco está presente em todos os atos e relações sociais, podendo ser reduzido pela conduta diligente do agente econômico. Mesmo a omissão do agente é uma forma de decisão sujeita a consequências positivas ou negativas. Impõe-se a toda relação elementos externos de garantia da proteção da confiança e da boa-fé objetiva. Pela presunção de igualdade material entre as partes, os elementos externos da relação mercantil são pouco protegidos. Não obstante o aparente consenso entre as partes, a assimetria de conhecimento e a complexidade dos interesses em jogo se configuram como forças propulsoras da mencionada ilusão igualitária, acarretando significativas consequências em termos de vulnerabilidade e desigualdade. Alguns institutos de proteção dos contratos garantem às partes certo grau de confiabilidade e presunção de boa-fé, por critérios mínimos de observância obrigatória, propiciando a melhor fluição das negociações, redução dos custos de transação e segurança nas relações jurídicas comerciais. O trabalho se desenvolve pelo método dedutivo, tomando premissas e conclusões a partir do estado da arte para contextualizar situações a partir do exame de julgados, valendo-se da pesquisa documental e bibliográfica. Conclui-se que, a despeito da liberdade que é garantida ao empresário para tomar riscos, resguardar seus próprios interesses e buscar o lucro em todas as decisões, devem as partes assumir postura coerente de boa-fé e de proteção à confiança depositada. A autonomia da vontade somente pode ser mitigada por intervenção estatal quando houver violação nítida destes princípios, mediante motivação ampla, exauriente, racional e consistente. Esta intervenção judicial é limitada pelos conceitos jurídicos indeterminados da legislação, como a revisão contratual excepcional, evitando arbitrariedades e imposições da vontade judicial sobre a expectativa das partes. Outrossim, a motivação da decisão judicial sobre contratos empresariais deve se basear em argumentos circunstanciais, buscando concretizar os princípios da livre iniciativa e considerar o contexto específico da relação em análise.
IDEOLOGIAS DO PROCESSO CIVIL: UMA VISÃO ATUALIZADA ATÉ O SÉCULO XXI
Authors: Carús Guedes Jefferson , Sant’Anna Vieira Gomes Marcelo
Published: February 2024

O estudo atual examina vários movimentos ideológicos e os conecta a uma interpretação do direito processual civil. Muita carga ideológica foi incorporada aos termos normativos com o tempo e as influências dos contextos históricos na composição do Poder Legislativo. Essa concepção é evidente nos institutos jurídicos contemporâneos. Assim, a presente análise é realizada para atualizar a visão dessas ideologias, voltadas ao estudo do processo civil para verificar o cumprimento de seus escopos sociais. Desde ideologias clássicas até ideologias críticas, os fenômenos são examinados com foco na questão processual, usando estudos históricos e dedutivos críticos, bem como estudos reflexivos. A partir dessa perspectiva, o texto examina o processo civil contemporâneo usando os efeitos das ideologias clássicas do liberalismo, conservadorismo, socialismo, nacionalismo, anarquismo e nazifascismo, bem como dos feminismos, ecologismos, multiculturalismos e fundamentalismos religiosos contemporâneos. É fundamental entender como uma legislação cujo objetivo é estabelecer as diretrizes para o desenvolvimento do processo civil no Brasil pode conter tantas variáveis importantes que impactam a forma como o processo civil no Brasil se desenvolverá. O debate planejado começa com uma discussão sobre os fundamentos da ideologia, discutindo autores como Terry Eagleton, Karl Mannheim e Michael Löwy, antes de se expandir para uma discussão razoável a partir das perspectivas de Mauro Cappelletti e Ovídio Baptista Silva. Desde já, é possível identificar como os diferentes fenômenos jurídicos surgiram a partir da perspectiva dos movimentos ideológicos em questão. Embora esse tipo de análise não seja visto no domínio do processo civil, as considerações desse nível podem ajudar na compreensão e resolução de vários conflitos que podem surgir. Eles também podem ajudar a entender por que uma regra específica foi criada e de onde vem. Por esse motivo, o debate desperta a curiosidade daquele que sempre se ateve a observar o direito processual como um ramo eminentemente norteado por regras, sem se debruçar pelas ideologias a ele inerentes.
A COMPATIBILIDADE ENTRE (IN)DISPONIBILIDADE DO INTERESSE PÚBLICO E DO CRÉDITO TRIBUTÁRIO COM A CONSENSUALIDADE
Authors: Gomes Marcus Livio , Sousa Pacheco Cruz Silva Eduardo , Tavares de Menezes Netto Manoel
Published: February 2024

Este estudo visa ilustrar a compatibilidade entre a preservação do interesse público e a utilização de mecanismos consensuais em âmbito tributário. Através de revisão bibliográfica, traçamos uma jornada histórica e evolutiva que evidencia uma mudança na compreensão do direito público. Este movimento transformador está moldando uma nova perspectiva da Administração Pública, inclusive na cobrança de tributos, em que abordagens mais eficientes e adequadas para a resolução de conflitos estão ganhando destaque. O direito público, frequentemente caracterizado por sua rigidez e inflexibilidade, está se adaptando para melhor atender às necessidades da sociedade moderna. O paradigma tradicional, que priorizava o interesse público de forma intransigente, está dando lugar a uma abordagem mais flexível e colaborativa. Esse fenômeno reflete um movimento mais amplo em direção a uma administração pública orientada para resultados e aberta a soluções consensuais, até mesmo no campo tributário. A consensualidade, nesse contexto, representa uma virada significativa. A adoção de métodos como a negociação, a conciliação e a mediação na resolução de disputas tributárias é um marco da busca por eficiência e justiça. A percepção de que a aplicação rígida das regras fiscais pode resultar em litígios intermináveis e custosos está levando a uma abertura para a busca de soluções mais ágeis e harmoniosas. A consensualidade não é apenas uma resposta eficaz aos desafios do sistema tributário, mas também é congruente com os princípios democráticos da sociedade contemporânea ao promover a participação ativa dos contribuintes na resolução e na prevenção de suas obrigações tributárias, ao mesmo tempo em que garante a proteção do interesse público. Concluímos que a consensualidade está se tornando um alicerce fundamental na construção de uma administração tributária mais justa e eficiente. Este estudo é um lembrete de que a evolução do direito público está em curso, e a consensualidade é uma peça-chave desse quebra-cabeça em constante desenvolvimento.
A RELATIVIZAÇÃO DA IMPENHORABILIDADE SALARIAL NA EXECUÇÃO DE CRÉDITOS NÃO ALIMENTARES
Authors: Rodrigues de Andrade Aragão Nilsiton , Garcia Cândido Florêncio Beathriz , Dionísio De Andrade Mariana
Published: February 2024

O estudo responde ao seguinte problema de pesquisa: existe efetiva ampliação no rol de bens penhoráveis para execução de créditos não alimentares? A abordagem é qualitativa, com suporte em revisão de literatura e metodologia da análise de decisões. A relativização da impenhorabilidade do salário é assunto polêmico, visto que a jurisprudência do Superior Tribunal de Justiça tem sido favorável e a lei processual civil deu tratamento rigoroso à lista de bens impenetráveis. Conclui-se que sim, houve efetiva ampliação no rol de bens penhoráveis para execução de créditos não alimentares. Os percentuais de penhora em todos os tribunais analisados variaram de 10% até o máximo de 30%.
O PROCESSO COMO GARANTIA E A IDEIA DE UM CÓDIGO DE PROCESSO CONSTITUCIONAL: UM LIMITE À CATIMBA?
Authors: Hellman Renê Francisco
Published: February 2024

Este artigo tem parte do diagnóstico de Rubens Glezer sobre o comportamento do Supremo Tribunal Federal nos últimos anos, notadamente da prática da chamada catimba constitucional. Na esteira da notícia sobre a abertura das discussões pré-legislativas para a construção do texto de um eventual Código de Processo Constitucional, este trabalho analisa o conceito de processo como garantia e oferece, como limite à catimba constitucional, a sugestão de se pensar o texto da nova lei em consonância com a previsão constitucional de processo como garantia do jurisdicionado, superando-se a noção de processo como instrumento da jurisdição e suas variáveis. A preocupação com o estabelecimento de limites à catimba constitucional é decorrência do fortalecimento do Supremo Tribunal Federal e da necessidade de conferir a esse importante órgão jurisdicional a legitimidade para a atividade que lhe compete na distribuição das funções estatais, notadamente a partir dos ataques que vem sofrendo o tribunal nos últimos tempos e que minam, no limite, o senso democrático do país. Não se pode cogitar de um código processual que implique aumento do âmbito de discricionariedade do poder jurisdicional do STF. Isso porque o estabelecimento desses limites vai servir para devolver ao tribunal a legitimidade democrática de que ele necessita para sobreviver e, com ele, fazer sobreviver o Estado Democrático de Direito. Em um ambiente político hostil como o que se apresenta atualmente no Brasil, a existência de uma corte constitucional que detenha legitimidade democrática é fundamental e, para isso, é necessária a adoção de uma série de medidas, dentre elas, a compreensão de que o processo não serve ao poder jurisdicional e, sim, que este é definitivamente limitado por aquele. O método de pesquisa usado foi o dedutivo, partindo-se do diálogo com as noções de catimba constitucional de Rubens Glezer, passando pela discussão sobre a ideia de processo como garantia, em contraposição à teoria instrumentalista do processo, que é predominante no Brasil, para que se pudesse concluir que compreender o processo como garantia é o primeiro passo para a elaboração de um Código de Processo Constitucional que, de fato, estabeleça claros limites à atividade do Supremo Tribunal Federal. Realizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica e documental.
CLAIMS RESOLUTION FACILITIES: UMA ANÁLISE DA DESJUDICIALIZAÇÃO DA EXECUÇÃO EM PROCESSOS ESTRUTURAIS
Authors: Moitta Pinto da Costa Rosalina , Santos Fernandes Góes Gisele , Melsens Silva da Rocha Iracecilia
Published: February 2024

A concretização dos direitos previstos em títulos executivos judiciais e extrajudiciais representa uma inquietante dificuldade no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, como revela o relatório Justiça em números do Conselho Nacional de Justiça. É na fase executiva que o sistema jurídico é colocado à prova em todo e qualquer processo, em especial no contexto dos processos estruturais, que albergam demandas de natureza complexa. Nesse sentido, o processo estrutural exige tratamento diferenciado tanto na fase cognitiva quanto na fase executiva. Esta pesquisa busca compreender de que modo é possível conceber a execução em processos estruturais fora do Poder Judiciário, ainda que sob sua supervisão, por meio das claims resolution facilities, também chamadas “entidades de infraestrutura específica”, na perspectiva do melhor tratamento a dar às demandas complexas e sob a inspiração das propostas do Projeto de Lei n.º 6204/2019, cuja finalidade é desjudicializar a execução civil de quantia certa. Para atingir esse intuito, analisam-se os processos estruturais, sua unicidade, a necessidade da caracterização do conflito e a escolha do tratamento adequado, além das técnicas para gestão de demandas multifacetadas por meio da gestão de caso (case management) e da gestão de Corte (Court management). Examina-se ainda como o atual Código de Processo Civil ofertou um ferramental aos processos estruturais ao enfatizar os princípios da cooperação, da possibilidade do estabelecimento de negócios jurídicos e do tratamento adequado de demandas tanto na fase cognitiva quanto executiva. Exploram-se também a natureza das entidades de infraestrutura específica, seus mecanismos de controle, suas vantagens e desvantagens. O caminho metodológico escolhido foi o hipotético-dedutivo. Quanto à técnica, optou-se pela revisão bibliográfica e pela análise documental, recorrendo-se ainda à legislação e às doutrinas processuais. Por fim, concluiu-se que as entidades de infraestrutura específica são capazes de conduzir a fase executiva em processos estruturais, garantindo gestão, transparência, participação das partes envolvidas, efetividade, celeridade e tratamento adequado às causas estruturais.
The healing effect of a mixture of Arnebia euchroma and animal fat on burn wounds in rats in comparison with sulfadiazine
Authors: Dehkordi Saied Habibian , Karimi Iraj , Mills Paul , Shirian Sadegh
Published: February 2024

Objective:

Thermal burn is a serious cause of morbidity and mortality that affects millions of people worldwide. The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the efficacy of Arnebia euchroma (AE) to treat burn wounds in a rat model.

Method:

A total of 80 male rats (200–250g) were shaved over the back of the neck (2×3cm2) and a second-degree burn wound was induced at this site under general anaesthesia. The rats were then randomly assigned to one of four groups (each n=20) and the burns were treated daily for 14 days as follows: (1) dressed with animal fat; (2) dressed with sulfadiazine; (3) dressed with a mixture of AE and animal fat; (4) no treatment (control). Five rats from each group were sacrificed on days 3, 5, 9 and 14 post-burn and the wounds were evaluated histologically and immunohistochemically for the expression of interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6.

Results:

There was a significant increase at day 3 and decrease on day 5 samples for the expression of IL-1 in the AE plus fat group and IL-6 in the AE plus fat and sulfadiazine groups, compared to the control and fat treatment groups, respectively. Both AE plus fat and sulfadiazine treatments reduced inflammation and granulation tissue formation by day 5 post-burn, while re-epithelialisation commenced by day 9 post-burn. In addition, burns treated with AE plus fat exhibited keratinised epidermis, associated with regular collagen fibres, compared to moderately dense collagen fibres without vascularisation in the sulfadiazine group.

Conclusion:

These findings suggested that AE plus fat was superior to sulfadiazine in enhancing burn wound healing in rats.
Polyurethane foam dressing with non-adherent membrane improves negative pressure wound therapy in pigs
Authors: Zuo Jun , Zhu Yi , Yang Feng , Yang Yong , Yang JunTao , Huang Ze Lin , Cheng Biao
Published: February 2024

Objective:

Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is considered to be an effective technique to promote the healing of various wounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate different wound dressings combined with NPWT in treating wounds in Wuzhishan pigs.

Method:

Excisions were made in the backs of the pigs and were covered with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) dressing, polyurethane (PU) dressing or PU dressing with non-adherent membrane (PU-non-ad). NPWT was applied to the wound site. In the control group, basic occlusive dressing (gauze) without NPWT was applied. On days 0, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 post-surgery, the wound size was measured during dressing change, and wound healing rate (WHR) was calculated. In addition, blood perfusion within 2cm of the surrounding wound was measured by laser doppler flowmetry. Dressing specimen was collected and microbiology was analysed. Granulation tissues from the central part of the wounds were analysed for histology, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31) mRNA expression.

Results:

The PU-non-ad-NPWT significantly (p<0.01) accelerated wound healing in the pigs. Further pathological analysis revealed that the non-adherent membrane effectively protected granulation tissue formation in PU-NPWT treated wounds. The blood perfusion analysis suggested that the non-adherent membrane improved the blood supply to the wound area. Microbiological analysis showed that non-adherent membrane decreased the bacterial load in the PU-NPWT dressing. VEGF and CD31 mRNA expression was upregulated in the wound tissue from the PU-non-ad-NPWT treated groups.

Conclusion:

In this study, the PU dressing with non-adherent membrane was an ideal dressing in NPWT-assisted wound healing.
Complex decongestive therapy in hidradenitis suppurativa-related genital lymphoedema: a case report
Authors: Yaman Ayşegül , Borman Pınar , Eşme Pelin , Çalışkan Ercan
Published: February 2024

Genital lymphoedema is a rare but debilitating and disfiguring complication of longstanding hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). Despite the existence of medical and surgical methods that offer varying success rates in a limited number of cases, no data exist about the use of complex decongestive therapy (CDT) in HS-related genital lymphoedema. This case report describes the treatment and outcome of a 56-year-old male patient with severe scrotal lymphoedema due to underlying HS (Hurley stage 3). The patient was unresponsive to various topical and systemic antibiotics and biological agents, including adalimumab and certolizumab pegol. When the patient was assessed, ixekizumab treatment for his HS was planned. He had progressive oedema in the genital area for two years with difficulty in wearing trousers and having sexual intercourse, and painful urination. CDT was recommended for three days a week concurrently with ixekizumab treatment. The patient and his wife were also educated about self-drainage techniques and skincare maintenance. After six sessions of CDT over 14 days, the patient demonstrated a significant reduction in scrotal measurements. He achieved a better scrotal contour, the degree of the buried penis was decreased, and urination was easier and painless. The findings of this case report showed that CDT was an easily applicable, practical and promising method that offered a rapid treatment response for HS-related genital lymphoedema.