bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El Cultivo Celular en la búsqueda de nuevas estrategias de combate contra el Cáncer
Authors: Montoya Hernández Eva Luz , Juárez Aguilar Enrique
Published: August 2023

El registro fósil de un hueso con osteosarcoma ha permitido rastrear al cáncer hasta la época de los dinosaurios. Los primeros reportes documentados de seres humanos con cáncer datan de la época del Egipto antiguo. El papiro encontrado tenía inscrita una sentencia que, hasta nuestros días suele ser válida: “No tiene cura”. Actualmente, el cáncer es curable siempre que se detecte a tiempo y no haya invadido otros tejidos. No obstante, el cáncer invasivo o metastásico es todavía tratable, aunque las posibilidades de una recuperación completa son bajas y tan sólo se puede aspirar a prolongar un poca más la vida.
La búsqueda de un tratamiento específico para las diferentes manifestaciones de este desorden celular tiene una larga historia que abarca el desarrollo de métodos quirúrgicos especializados, el uso de la medicina tradicional, la obtención de medicamentos a partir de plantas, y la creación de nuevas moléculas mediante la química sintética. Todas las potenciales terapias deben pasar por un riguroso proceso de evaluación que garantice su efectividad y seguridad en los pacientes. Los estudios preclínicos, previos a la evaluación en población humana, incluyen a los bioensayos basados en animales de laboratorio, microorganismos o células cultivadas. En estos bioensayos, los animales, microorganismos o células cultivadas son expuestos a diferentes cantidades de los potenciales quimioterapéuticos y su efecto analizado de diferentes maneras. En el caso de los cultivos de células de cáncer humano la eficacia de los quimioterapéuticos se puede evaluar al determinar su efecto sobre la proliferación, se espera que detenga la división celular, o sobre la supervivencia de las células, al destruirlas mediante un efecto tóxico.
Manejo integral de tricobezoar: Reporte de caso
Authors: Velázquez Blanco Génesis , Victoria Sánchez Daniel
Published: August 2023

Un bezoar es un conglomerado de material extraño en el tracto digestivo. El tricobezoar es la variante más común (50% de los casos). El 90% de ellos ocurre en el sexo fe- menino, la mayoría en menores de 30 años; la edad más común oscila entre los 10 y los 20 años. Estos conglome- rados son de tamaño variable, mismo que depende del hábito de la tricofagia, del tiempo de evolución, y de la longitud y cantidad de cabello ingerido. En cuanto a la presentación clínica se describe la triada clásica: dolor abdominal (37%), pérdida de peso (38%) y masa abdo- minal palpable preferentemente epigástrica (70%). Los tricobezoares son resistentes a la disolución enzimática, por lo que requieren manejo endoscopio o quirúrgico. Se asocian a enfermedades mentales como trastornos del espectro de la ansiedad, trastorno obsesivo compulsivo, y discapacidad intelectual.
Este hallazgo quirúrgico es poco reportado. En México se han descrito cuatro casos clínicos, dos de ellos en la Ciudad de México, uno en Culiacán, y el último en Veracruz.
 
Management of trichobezoar: case report
Abstract
Introduction. A bezoar is a collection of for- eign material in the digestive tract. Trichobe- zoar is the most common variant (50% of cases). They occur predominantly in the fe- male sex (90%) the majority in those under 30 years, most commonly occurring between the ages of 10 and 20. They are of variable size, depending on the rate of occurrence of trichophagia, time of evolution and the length and quantity of ingested hair. Clinical presentation often presents the classic triad: abdominal pain (37%), weight loss (38%) and palpable abdominal mass, predominant- ly epigastric (70%). Trichobezoars are resis- tant to enzymatic dissolution and therefore require endoscopic or surgical management. They are also associated with mental illness- es such as anxiety disorders, obsessive-com- pulsive disorder, and intellectual disability.
This surgical finding is rarely reported. In Mexico, four clinical cases have been de- scribed, two of them in Mexico City, one in Culiacán and the last one in Veracruz.
De campesinos a ciudadanos: El caso de Tropa vieja y Francisco L. Urquizo
Authors: Henao Uribe Luis
Published: August 2023

Tropa vieja, la novela de 1940 del general Francisco L. Urquizo (1891 - 1969), narra las aventuras de un joven campesino forzado a convertirse en militar durante los últimos años del Porfiriato, partícipe de las batallas de la revolución maderista, en el contexto de la Revolución mexicana. Este artículo examina la construcción identitaria del soldado durante principios del siglo XX y la transformación del sujeto cultural campesino en ciudadano mexicano. El ejército fue uno de los protagonistas de la operación de constitución de la nación durante la etapa armada de la Revolución. Sin embargo, a medida que las batallas se vuelven más distantes en el tiempo, se renegocia su lugar dentro del nuevo estado. El desarrollo de la lectura, a través de la alfabetización y expansión de ofertas editoriales, cumple una función similar de construcción de ciudadanía, contribuyendo de nuevas maneras a la integración del campesino al proyecto nacional.
Mortalidade materna pela COVID-19 no Brasil
Authors: Bruns Rafael Frederico , Carvalho Newton Sérgio de , Prosdócimo Karina Utrabo
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: Revisar a produção científica relacionada à morte materna causada pela infecção da COVID-19 no Brasil, contextualizando dentro do cenário epidemiológico nacional e identificando os possíveis fatores contribuintes para esse desfecho. Revisão bibliográfica: O sistema de saúde teve que se reorganizar durante a pandemia, comprometendo a assistência à saúde da mulher, visto que a atenção e os recursos estavam voltados para o controle da doença, e o cenário foi agravado pelos serviços sobrecarregados. Barreiras de acesso aos atendimentos persistem em muitos hospitais e ambulatórios do país. Uma pequena quantidade de maternidades possui UTI, e a disponibilidade de vagas é desigual. Os municípios com elevado índice de vulnerabilidade e altas desigualdades sociais foram particularmente afetados. Acredita-se que a causa de tantas mortes possa também estar vinculada à maior agressividade da variante Gama do vírus SARS-CoV-2. Existem fortes evidências que a vacinação contra a COVID-19 tenha efeito protetor contra desfechos adversos. Considerações finais: No presente torna-se valioso ressaltar a importância da experiência da pandemia aos gestores acerca das condições dos serviços de saúde e a necessidade de investimentos em todo âmbito da saúde feminina, visando melhorar a eficiência dos atendimentos, e preparando o sistema para necessidades futuras, incluindo novas pandemias.
Metastases to pancreas diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration: A case series and review of imaging and cytologic features
Authors: Malacara Valeria Caballero , Limón Claudia Gabriela Luna , Quintana Oralia Barboza , Macías Gabriela Sofía Gómez
Published: August 2023

Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is ideal for the diagnosis of pancreatic neoplasms with high precision. We described five cases of metastases to the pancreas, highlighting the importance of clinical data, imaging features and the use of immunocytochemistry to lead the diagnosis. We retrospectively searched our archives for metastatic neoplasm to the pancreas diagnosed with FNA performed with endoscopic ultrasound, over a 5-year period. Furthermore, we reviewed the literature for imaging and cytologic features. We described five cases of metastatic neoplasms, a renal cell carcinoma, a breast carcinoma, one leiomyosarcoma, a hepatocellular carcinoma, and ovarian serous carcinoma. All of them has history of primary malignancy and were confirmed with immunostains. All the patients were asymptomatic and identified the metastasis during the follow-up, except for the ovarian serous carcinoma were the patient had acute abdominal pain, and the most common imaging feature were the irregular borders. Although the metastases to pancreas are rare, its important to always have the history of the patient, imaging features, and the suspicion at the moment of the evaluation of the smears and cell-block, because the management and prognostic its different compared to primary malignancies.
Awareness, knowledge, and practice of performance status scale in the management of head and neck cancer patients among health-care providers in Edo state, Nigeria
Authors: Edetanlen Ekaniyere Benlance , Babalola Olajumoke
Published: August 2023

Objectives:

The roles of performance status scales (PSSs) are well-documented globally and is largely, routinely, and traditionally used in the management of cancer patients in the developed countries, but this is not true in developing countries, reason largely due to lack of awareness. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the level of awareness, knowledge, and practice of PSSs among medical practitioners in Edo state Nigeria.

Material and Methods:

This descriptive cross-sectional study design recruited all medical practitioners that managed head and neck cancers (HNCs) (Family Dental Physicians, Otolaryngologist and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons) in Edo state between April 2019 and December 2019. Data were obtained using a self-administered questionnaire which was given to all the participants that gave written informed consent. The statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21 (IBM, Chicago, Illinois, USA).

Results:

One hundred and six of the 110 randomly distributed questionnaires were retrieved, given a response rate of 96.4%. The male-to-female ratio was 2.4:1.0. The mean age was 33.3 ± 5.30 years, ranging from 25 to 46 years. Most of the respondents were within the age range of 31–40 years, while the least numbers were over 40 years. Of the total 106 respondents, less than half (46.2%) had heard of PSS. More than two-third (73.6%) of the respondents had a general poor knowledge regarding PSS. More than half (53.8%) of the respondents answered that they have never used PSS in the course of managing HNC patient. The age, gender, years of practice, type of specialty, and location of practice were not related to the knowledge of PSS by the respondents (P > 0.05). There was a significant association between awareness of PSS before this study and the knowledge of PSS among the respondents (P = 0.02).

Conclusion:

Most Medical Practitioners that manage head and neck cancer patients lack awareness and knowledge of PSSs and hence are poorly utilized in the management of patients in routine practice.
Effect of the lunar cycle on mental illness – A single-center retrospective observational study
Authors: Radhakrishnan Sriramadesigan , Selvaraj Arun , Sivakumar Perarul , Kulothungan Vasanth , Sathiyamoorthy Preethi
Published: August 2023

Objectives:

In Shakespeare’s play “Othello,” the maid Emilia tells Othello that the moon has drawn too close to the Earth — and driven men insane. The notion that a full moon can elicit strong emotions, strange behavior, and even physical disease is not merely literary. Even now, it is a deeply held notion. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of the lunar cycle on the psychiatric presentation of individuals with schizophrenia, BPAD mania, and ATPD.

Material and Methods:

Case files of Schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) mania and psychosis patients admitted in our hospital during full moon and new moon ± 3 days for the past 5 years will be included in the study. Name, age, sex, duration of admission, worsening of symptoms during full moon day and new moon day, any injectable given or not will be noted. These data will be collected from medical records. Telephonic verification of symptom worseness during full moon and new moon will be done.

Results:

Among 207 participants 74 patients had Schizophrenia, 91 patients had BPAD mania, 25 patients had ATPD and 17 patients had acute psychosis. The exacerbation of psychiatric symptoms, chemical restraints, and admission during phases of moon was statistically associated with lunar patterns in the study population. The rest of the socio-demographic factors, duration of admission, caregiver belief, and symptom worsening noted by caregiver were all not associated with mental illness during lunar phases which is in line with most reported literature in this area.

Conclusion:

There was an association between symptom exacerbations, chemical restraints, admission with different lunar phase. There was no association for sociodemographic details, duration of admission, caregiver belief on symptom worsening, symptom worsening noted by caregiver with different lunar phases.
Fuelling the Digital Chemistry Revolution with Language Models
Authors: Cardinale Antonio , Castrogiovanni Alessandro , Gaudin Theophile , Geluykens Joppe , Laino Teodoro , Manica Matteo , Probst Daniel , Schwaller Philippe , Sobczyk Aleksandros , Toniato Alessandra , Vaucher Alain C. , Wolf Heiko , Zipoli Federico
Published: August 2023

The RXN for Chemistry project, initiated by IBM Research Europe – Zurich in 2017, aimed to develop a series of digital assets using machine learning techniques to promote the use of data-driven methodologies in synthetic organic chemistry. This research adopts an innovative concept by treating chemical reaction data as language records, treating the prediction of a synthetic organic chemistry reaction as a translation task between precursor and product languages. Over the years, the IBM Research team has successfully developed language models for various applications including forward reaction prediction, retrosynthesis, reaction classification, atom-mapping, procedure extraction from text, inference of experimental protocols and its use in programming commercial automation hardware to implement an autonomous chemical laboratory. Furthermore, the project has recently incorporated biochemical data in training models for greener and more sustainable chemical reactions. The remarkable ease of constructing prediction models and continually enhancing them through data augmentation with minimal human intervention has led to the widespread adoption of language model technologies, facilitating the digitalization of chemistry in diverse industrial sectors such as pharmaceuticals and chemical manufacturing. This manuscript provides a concise overview of the scientific components that contributed to the prestigious Sandmeyer Award in 2022
Photocatalytic hydrogen atom transfer-induced Arbuzov-type -C(sp3)-H phosphonylation of aliphatic amines
Authors: Lei Zhexuan , Zhang Weigang , Wu Jie
Published: August 2023

Despite remarkable progress in photocatalytic hydrogen atom transfer (HAT)-induced C(sp3)-H functionalization, achieving C(sp3)-H to C(sp3)-P transformation by the HAT process remains highly challenging due to P-reagents’ compatibility issues. α-Aminophosphonic acids have shown great potential in medicinal chemistry, yet their synthesis is hindered by limited substrate scopes, poor functional group tolerance, and reliance on pre-functionalized substrates, restricting their broad applications. Herein, we report a photocatalytic HAT-induced α-C(sp3)-H phosphonylation of aliphatic amines, providing rapid access to structurally diverse α-amionphosphonates from abundant amines. Leveraging intramolecular HAT, radical polar crossover, and Arbuzov-type phosphonylation cascade, the challenges associated with HAT-induced C(sp3)-H to C(sp3)-P transformation were overcome. This protocol features base-free, redox-neutral, mild conditions, broad scopes, and employing amines as limiting reagents, and allows for late-stage phosphonylation of complex drug molecules possessing amine moieties.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Nidulalin A and Nidulaxanthone A: Selective Carbonyl Desaturation Using an Oxoammonium Salt
Authors: Ji Kaijie , Johnson Richard , McNeely James , Al Faruk Md , A Porco John
Published: August 2023

Nidulaxanthone A is a dimeric, dihydroxanthone natural product which was isolated in 2020 from Aspergillus sp. Structur-ally, the compound features an unprecedented heptacyclic 6/6/6/6/6/6/6 ring system which is unusual for natural xanthone dimers. Biosynthetically, nidulaxanthone A originates from the monomer nidulalin A via stereoselective Diels-Alder dimeri-zation. To expedite the synthesis of nidulalin A and study the proposed dimerization, we developed methodology involving use of allyl triflate for chromone ester activation followed by vinylogous addition to rapidly forge the nidulalin A scaffold in a four-step sequence which also features ketone desaturation using Bobbitt’s oxoammonium salt. The asymmetric synthesis of nidulalin A was achieved using acylative kinetic resolution (AKR) of chiral, racemic 2H-nidulalin A. Dimerization of en-antioenriched nidulalin A to nidulaxanthone A was achieved using solvent-free, thermolytic conditions. Computational studies have been conducted to probe both the desaturation and (4+2) dimerization events.
Complexity-Generating Transformations Enabled by Intramolecular Radical Migration: Alkyl–Arylation of Simple Olefins
Authors: Babcock Dylan J. , Barney Jaxon L. , Wolfram Andrew J. , Servagno Santino M. , Sharma Ayush , Nacsa Eric D.
Published: August 2023

A free-radical cascade approach has enabled the develop-ment of a synthetically versatile alkyl–arylation of olefins. This transformation engages an excellent range of olefins, from mono- to tetrasubstituted, without requiring directing or electronically activating groups. Further synthetic advantages, such as the facile generation of quaternary cen-ters and the introduction of heteroaryl groups with Lewis basic nitrogen atoms, also complement transition-metal-catalyzed alkyl–arylation. Vicinal stereoarrays were gener-ated with high levels of diastereoselectivity. The synthetic potential of this transformation was demonstrated by serving as the key step in a concise synthesis of oliceridine, a new painkiller that received FDA approval in 2020.
Disruption of Natural Order in Video Game Dark Souls
Authors: Yahya Mohammad Fahmi , Retnaningdyah Pratiwi
Published: August 2023

This study discusses the environmental issue distortion of the game Dark Souls using Garrard's ecocriticism theory and uses the qualitative descriptive method to analyze the data. The objectives of the study are to show the disruption of the natural order and its consequences. This study is conducted by gathering data from the game through screenshots and dialogues while also from the video through the narrative. The study shows that the disruption of natural order occurred because the individuals of the Age of Fire did not desire their era to end with them being replaced by the Age of Dark, which would be humanity's era, and thus do whatever is necessary to extend the Age of Fire, despite the fact that involves changing the nature of humanity itself. The consequences of the disruption experienced by every individual as the world grew hostile and dangerous, the world's logic warped, individuals suffering from the world's conflict as many resigned to their ultimate fate. Despite acknowledging environmental problems, few solutions have been formulated, leading to the continued deterioration of nature. AbstrakPenelitian ini membahas isu lingkungan yang menyimpang dari gim (permainan) Dark Souls dengan menggunakan teori ekokritik Garrard dan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk menganalisis data. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menunjukkan gangguan terhadap tatanan alam dan konsekuensi dari gangguan terhadap tatanan alam tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data dari gim melalui tangkapan layar dan dialog, serta video melalui narasi. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terganggunya tatanan alam terjadi karena individu-individu di Zaman Api tidak menginginkan era mereka berakhir dan digantikan oleh Zaman Kegelapan, yang akan menjadi era umat manusia sehingga mereka melakukan apa saja untuk memperpanjang Zaman Api, meskipun hal itu berarti mengubah sifat dasar dari umat manusia itu sendiri. Konsekuensi dari gangguan yang dialami oleh setiap individu ketika dunia menjadi semakin tidak bersahabat dan berbahaya, logika dunia menjadi bengkok, individu-individu yang menderita akibat konflik dunia banyak yang pasrah pada nasib mereka. Meskipun mengakui adanya masalah lingkungan, hanya sedikit solusi yang telah dirumuskan yang mengarah pada kerusakan alam yang terus berlanjut.
Istilah Toponimi Tabui dan Humli pada Masyarakat Yali di Papua: Sebuah Kajian Semantik dan Pragmatik
Authors: Sawaki Yusuf Willem
Published: August 2023

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara semantik dan pragmatik pada dua kata toponomi humli ‘dingin’ dan tabui ‘panas’ yang menjadi dasar pemaknaan kehidupan masyarakat Yali yang hidup di Pegunungan Tengah Papua bagian timur. Wilayah ini secara topografis merupakan wilayah yang bergunung-gunung dan curam dengan lembah yang sempit dan sungai-sungai yang besar serta tingkat kesulitan wilayah yang sangat tinggi. Dengan kondisi wilayah geografis yang demikian, masyarakat Yali memiliki pengetahuan mengenai kondisi topografi dan distribusi masyarakatnya pada wilayah topografis yang berbeda tersebut. Wilayah topografi yang dikenal oleh masyarakat Yali dinamakan humli dan tabui. Merujuk pada wilayah topografi, sufiks -mu/-mo/-ma, yang merupakan variasi alofonik, melekat pada kata, yaitu tabui-mu dan humli-mu untuk memberikan makna ‘tempat/lokasi,’ yang bermakna ‘tempat panas/hangat’ dan ‘tempat dingin/sejuk.’ Hubungan semantik, morfologi, dan sintaksis membuat kata dasar humli dan tabui memiliki aksesibilitas untuk mendapat imbuhan atau konstituen lain yang juga berkontribusi pada perluasan makna secara internal tetapi tidak mengubah kata dasar. Pada tataran pragmatik, makna kata humli dan tabui juga diperluas mengingat sistem tatanan hidup masyarakat Yali yang rumit dan abstrak. Dengan menggunakan konsep pragmatik common ground dan perangkat konteks, kedua kata ini dimaknai berdasarkan konteks penggunaannya yang bersumber dari faktor-faktor non-linguistik seperti pengetahuan geografis/topografis, botani, dan zoology, serta konsep manusia yang kemudian membentuk konsep ideologi dan religi.
The Effect of the Flipped Classroom Model on Improving Student Speaking
Authors: Kristyowati Dyah , Satria Widodo Jordy , Widya Kurniasari Resty
Published: August 2023

This study aims to investigate the application of the flipped classroom learning model to influence class-A students' English speaking skills in the English Literature Study Program at Pakuan University, Bogor. This research uses action research. Action research is included in the scope of applied research (applied research) that combines knowledge, research, and action.  This type of research employs classroom action research with 30 students in class A during the odd semester of 2022/23 enrolled in Speaking III. The collection of data was conducted with the use of speaking tests and observation sheets. Analyzing the data, an average score of 83% of students who had problems with speaking because they did not reach the passing standard value established in the lecture contract, and only 17% of students who were able to achieve the passing grade standard were obtained in the pre-action phase. The cycle I graduation rate increased to 46%; in cycle II, 100% of students achieved the standard passing score. The results of this study indicate that the flipped classroom learning model can influence students' English speaking skills. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah penerapan metode flipped classroom dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara menggunakan Bahasa Inggris mahasiswa kelas A prodi Sastra Inggris Universitas Pakuan Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan. Penelitian tindakan termasuk dalam ruang lingkup penelitian terapan (applied research) yang menggabungkan pengetahuan, penelitian, dan tindakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas A mata kuliah Speaking III pada semester ganjil 2022/2023 sebanyak 30 mahasiswa. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan tes speaking dan lembar observasi. Data tersebut dianalisis dan diperoleh skor rata-rata pada pratindakan sebesar 83% mahasiswa yang menunjukkan mengalami masalah dalam speaking karena tidak mencapai nilai standar kelulusan yang ditetapkan di kontrak perkuliahan dan hanya 17 % mahasiswa yang dapat mencapai standar nilai kelulusan, kemudian siklus I mengalami peningkatan dengan tingkat pencapaian kelulusan mahasiswa sebanyak 46%, selanjutnya pada siklus II diperoleh hasil sebanyak 100 % mahasiswa mencapai standar nilai kelulusan. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode flipped classroom dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara menggunakan Bahasa Inggris mahasiswa.
MacrophageSult2b1promotes pathological neovascularization in
age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Wang Yafang , Liu Yang , Wang Yan , Wu Yidong , Chen Zhixuan , Wang Feng , Wan Xiaoling , Wang Fenghua , Sun Xiaodong
Published: August 2023

Disordered immune responses and cholesterol metabolism have been
implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of
blindness in elderly individuals. SULT2B1, the key enzyme of sterol
sulfonation, plays important roles in inflammation and cholesterol
metabolism. However, the role and underlying mechanism of SULT2B1 in AMD
have not been investigated thus far. Here, we report that SULT2B1 is
specifically expressed in macrophages in choroidal neovascularization
lesions.Sutl2b1deficiency significantly
reduced leakage areas and inhibited pathological angiogenesis by inhibiting
M2 macrophage activation in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, loss
ofSult2b1activated LXRs and subsequently
increased ABCA1 and ABCG1 (ABCA1/G1)-mediated cholesterol efflux from M2
macrophages. LXR inhibition (GSK2033 treatment)
inSult2b1−/−macrophages
reversed M2 polarization and decreased intracellular cholesterol capacity to
promote pathological angiogenesis. In contrast to SULT2B1, STS, an enzyme of
sterol desulfonation, protected against choroidal neovascularization
development by activating LXR–ABCA1/G1 signalling to block M2 polarization.
Collectively, these data reveal a cholesterol metabolism axis related to
macrophage polarization in neovascular AMD.
O OFICIAL E A MÁQUINA: KAFKA E A BANALIDADE DO MAL NO SISTEMA DE JUSTIÇA PENAL BRASILEIRO
Authors: Lorenzoni Lara Ferreira
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo tem por escopo analisar o problema da participação dos funcionários da lei no sistema penal brasileiro na escalada punitiva e perpetuação do sofrimento sem limites em tempos de neoliberalismo e hiperencarceramento. Para tanto, lança-se mão da literatura de Franz Kafka, em seu texto “Na colônia penal”. Nele, ao apresentar uma cruel máquina de flagelação e assassínio contra os condenados de uma ilha tropical, há um oficial, homem do Estado, muito diligente e jubiloso com sua incumbência de cumprir o regramento e manusear o objeto de produzir cadáveres numa extensa jornada de dor lancinante. Esse militar zeloso aos mandamentos de sua nação remete ao que Hannah Arendt, no decorrer do século XX, denominaria “mal banal” – aquele sem existência ontológica, que se manifesta em pessoas inteligentes e mentalmente sãs, simplesmente pela falta do pensar reflexivo. Pelo método hermenêutico-fenomenológico, trabalha-se com a hipótese de que esse mal estaria presente não apenas no conto kafkiano e no tenente-coronel nazista Adolf Eichmann, examinado pela autora, mas também nos agentes que operam a grande máquina do sistema penal brasileiro hoje, que administram o sofrimento de milhares de seres humanos sem qualquer resquício de arrependimento, por, em tese, estarem apenas obedecendo a lei.
GORDOFOBIA: PERSPECTIVAS JURÍDICAS E CULTURAIS A PARTIR DO FILME “A BALEIA”
Authors: Caldas Gabriel Aparecido Anízio , Fontes Gabriela Sroczynski , Carneiro Maristela
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo trata da análise da gordofobia nos aspectos culturais e jurídicos, partindo do filme “A Baleia”, e a consequência da conduta discriminatória em decorrência da aversão aos corpos gordos, fato este que ocorre tanto no filme quanto na vida real. Busca-se relacionar o cinema, o direito e a cultura com a vida contemporânea, demonstrando e relatando situações existentes no cotidiano. Para esse fim, primeiramente, é realizado um breve estudo sobre direito e cultura e suas aproximações. Em seguida, são expostos dados oficiais sobre o sobrepeso e a obesidade no Brasil. Posteriormente, temos conceitos básicos sobre a gordofobia. Por fim, analisa-se diretamente as decisões judiciais relacionadas com a gordofobia. Foi possível concluir que, apesar da não existência do crime de gordofobia, os tribunais e a sociedade têm compreendido de forma pacífica que toda conduta preconceituosa e ilícita atrelada à inferiorização dos corpos gordos devem ser responsabilizadas pelos danos causados, além, é claro, de buscar conscientizar a sociedade que a cultura impostas aos corpos magros não se coaduna com uma sociedade justa e harmônica.
PENGARUH WAKTU FLOKULASI PADA PROSES KOAGULASI FLOKULASI DENGAN BIOKOAGULAN KELOR UNTUK MENYISIHKAN KADAR BESI AIR SUMUR
Authors: Fitria Dewi , Komala Puti Sri , Vendela Dura
Published: August 2023

Salah satu sumber air baku air minum yang sering digunakan adalah air sumur. Air sumur pada umumnya mempunyai kualitas yang lebih baik dibanding air permukaan. Masalah yang sering ditemui pada air sumur adalah airnya terkadang mengandung logam besi (Fe) yang tinggi. Fe yang tinggi dapat menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan, menimbulkan bau yang menyengat dan gangguan estetika akibat perubahan warna air. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan proses koagulasi flokulasi untuk menurunkan kandungan Fe di dalam air sumur dengan menggunakan biji kelor sebagai biokoagulan. Percobaan ini menggunakan variabel utama waktu flokulasi dengan rentang 10-30 menit dengan interval 2 menit. Pengaruh waktu flokulasi pada penyisihan Fe juga dikaji pada variabel yang ikut mempengaruhi penyisihan Fe seperti  ukuran flok, C-organik air hasil koagulasi dan kadar air dalam flok. Waktu koagulasi yang digunakan adalah selama 1 menit dengan kecepatan 100 rpm, kecepatan flokulasi 40 rpm, waktu pengendapan 60 menit, dan dosis kelor yang digunakan 33 mg/L. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu flokulasi optimum penyisihan Fe adalah 18 menit.
Fertilizer efficiency on wheat crops in the northwestern zone of the Kurgan region
Authors: Ionina N. V. , Volynkina O. V.
Published: August 2023

The results of long-term (1968-2021) experiment on the use of fertilizers for the 10th and 11th rotations of grain and fallow crop rotation in the experimental field of the Kurgan region are presented. Crop rotation included fallow and three crops of wheat. Fertilizer efficiency varied depending on the combination of the nutrients, the place of wheat in the rotation, and the moisture conditions of the growing season. Moderate effect of phosphorus fertilizer and high effect of nitrogen fertilizer on heavy loamy leached chernozem of the experimental field in these rotations was observed on the crops distant from the fallow. The combination of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers gave a higher yield increase. Nitrogen fertilizer also had a positive effect on the quality of wheat, increasing the gluten content and the thousand-kernel weight. With the increase of gluten accumulation in wheat grain against the background of nitrogen fertilizer, the repeatability of wheat quality compliance with the requirements for the 3rd class of grain increased. The effect of fertilizers and the duration of their application on the agrochemical properties of soil became visible. The content of mobile nutrients, humus, total nitrogen and phosphorus increased more noticeably with the use of fertilizers, but the рНsan value decreased. High economic efficiency related to nitrogen fertilizer applied on the second and third wheat after fallow with a payback of 1 kg of nitrogen 12-19 kg of grain. The effect of phosphorus fertilizer was moderate, since the content of mobile Р2О5 in the topsoil remained high. The use of ammophos had a stronger effect on the yield of wheat when the plants were well supplied with nitrogen in the first fallow crops.
Adaptability and ecological plasticity of barley under forest-steppe conditions of the Krasnoyarsk Territory
Authors: Surin N. A. , Gerasimov S. A. , Lyakhova N. E.
Published: August 2023

The results of spring barley assessment by the parameters of adaptability and ecological plasticity in the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe conditions are presented. The objects of the study, conducted in 2020-2022, were the released varieties and lines of local breeding. The Acha variety was adopted as the standard. The soil of the experimental field is ordinary low-power chernozem. Repetition is fourfold, and the comparison method is paired. Sowing was carried out in optimal time - May 20-25, the seeding rate - 5.5 million germinated seeds/ha. In terms of moisture regime, 2020 and 2021 were excessively wet (HTC = 1.84-1.89), while 2021 was sufficiently wetted. May drought was observed in 2022 (HTC = 0.27). As a result of the research, valuable breeding material was selected. The highest productivity (43.2 c/ha) in relation to the standard showed the line D-7-7057 (L-11-38 × Buyan). The varieties Acha, Krasnoyarsk 80, line D-7-7057 on environmental plasticity were attributed to the intensive type (bi = 1,17-1,21), the variety Kedr reacted the least to improvement of the growing conditions (bi = 0,86). The breeding line B-56-6885 (Biom × Sibiryak) was the most stable, characterized by high indices of average yield (41.3 c/ha), environmental stability (Si2 = 417,1, SF = 2,82), breeding value of the genotype (Sc = 6.73), and had average environmental plasticity (bi = 1.01). Among the varieties of the intensive type, the line D-7-7057 (L-11-38 × Buyan) with the highest yield (43.2 c/ha), medium stability parameters (Si2 = 723,9, SF = 4,02) and increased plasticity (bi = 1.17) is of greatest interest. During the experiment it was found that the main contribution to the formation of the yield is made by the breeding traits associated with crop density (the number of plants before harvesting, productive stem and tillering) and the productivity of individual plants (grain weight per plant, thousand-kernel weight).
Analysis of the activity of oxidative enzymes by multivariate regression in the presence of Mg2+ oyster mushroom mycelium
Authors: Lovtsova L. G. , Zabelina M. V. , Mayorov A. V. , Uskov K. Yu. , Tyurin I. Yu. , Mavzovin V. S.
Published: August 2023

Studies have been conducted to optimize the process of deep cultivation of the Oyster mushroom mycelium. The process of obtaining mycelium as a seed for cultivation of fruiting bodies of mushrooms has been improved. The effect of different concentrations of magnesium carbonate (Magnesium carbonates) on the growth characteristics of mycelium of the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus during deep cultivation has been studied. The dependence of enzyme activity on the concentration of metal in the nutrient medium of germinating mycelium of oyster mushrooms has been revealed. The method for determining the activity of catalase by spectrophotometric method has been adapted for the studied objects. For the first time the data on the activity of mycelium catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes in the presence of magnesium carbonate additive have been obtained. It has been found that the application of magnesium carbonate in low concentrations has a positive effect on the growth of mycelial biomass of the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus, since with increasing concentration (Mg2+) a decrease in biomass growth rate and catalase activity has been observed, presumably due to the participation of magnesium in creating a certain ionic concentration at which catalase inactivation begins. The possibility of applying the method of multivariate regression in the form of the principal components analysis (PCA) has been studied. The redox state of Pleurotus ostreatus culture at the level of enzyme components of the antioxidant defense system during submerged cultivation of basidomycetes has been analyzed, which showed how the obtained variables with different measurement units are interconnected. The account graphs also clearly indicate the dependence of mycelial growth on the concentration of the additive used. The introduction of the cultivation conditions proposed in this work in the practice of mushroom production potentially contributes to a more successful resistance of macromycetes to biotic and abiotic stress. The results of the research are relevant to the development of the fundamentals of the science of fungi.
Implementing a data-driven framework for measuring digital readiness across European universities
Authors: Tsimpanis Konstantinos , Avouris Nikolaos , Chounta Irene-Angelica , Daskalaki Sophia , Dimitriadis Yannis , Gari Carlos Madrid , Kalouptsoglou Athanasia , Ortega-Arranz Alejandro , Balaouras Pantelis
Published: August 2023

This paper explores the feasibility of defining a data-driven framework for assessing digital readiness in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). This is part of a project that aims at measuring digital readiness indicators with the ultimate objective to contribute to the quality assurance processes of the institutions. The project involves the design and demonstration of a prototype toolkit and an Application Programming Interface to enable self-reflection, using data sourced from the institutions' information systems, which are aligned with the indicators of the framework, to provide feedback to relevant stakeholders. The reported research examines information sources of the HEIs involved, auditing of proposed framework indicators, and proposals for further review on digital readiness frameworks and other data-driven approaches as well as the first architectural considerations on implementing the Digital Readiness tool.
Research Information Management Systems: covering the whole research lifecycle
Authors: De Castro Pablo , Puuska Hanna-Mari
Published: August 2023

Since the joint EUNIS/euroCRIS CRIS/IR survey report was published in 2016, Current Research Information Systems (CRISs) have become even more widely implemented at institutions and in countries all over the world. These platforms traditionally serve a double purpose: as tools to showcase the research activity conducted within its walls and as internal databases to enable evidence-based decision-making processes. Increasingly, they also act as a reliable and comprehensive information source for external systems and services. This text provides a snapshot of the current CRIS landscape – with an emphasis on Europe – and summarises the various ways CRISs are currently used as well as introduces new emerging uses and scenarios. Special attention is paid to the ever-growing number of national and regional CRIS platforms, which are increasingly seen as valuable research information collection systems for the analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of research in specific geographies.
Genetic markers of pharmacokinetic features in patients with a severe outcome of schizophrenia, resistant to antipsychotic therapy
Authors: Obiedkov V. , Goloenko I. , Bokut O. , Dokukina T. , Golubeva T. , Tishkevich L. , Khodzhaev A.
Published: August 2023

The article analysed the relationships between genetic factors and resistance of patients with a severe outcome of schizophrenia to ongoing drug treatment, which is necessary to understand the reasons for the formation of such an endophenotype.
FORMULASI CANGKANG KAPSUL DARI PEKTIN KULIT BUAH NANGKA (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam) DAN UJI WAKTU HANCUR KAPSUL
Authors: Rizal Rosiana , Salman Salman , Wulandari Eka
Published: August 2023

Capsule is capsule preparations which consisting of a drug in a soft capsule and hard capsule sell. Capsule is the preparations that most people used to discover the unpleasant taste of the drug. Most of capsule sell are made of gelatin, but it can also made with starch or other ingredients. The other ingredients which can substitute gelatin is pectin. Pectin is an ingredient belong to the class of carbohydrates. This study aim to find others alternative that can be used as new ingredients of capsule sell, which is jack fruit peels. Dissolved 20 mg jack fruit peels in 1000 ml of distilled water and, added 5% of citric acid. Then extracted on a hot plate with a stirring speed 600 rpm, temperature of 85ͦC, for 120 minutes. The yield obtained was 0.319%. The best formulations results were 2 (0.7 gram pectin, 5.00 gram carrageenan, 100ml disttiled water). The result of the evaluation of capsule sell standards with a body diameter of 6,2 mm, 6,3 mm, of a lid diameter, a body length of 15,2 mm, a lid length of 07.8 mm, and those that are unqualified with 0.09 gram of capsule weights. The organleptic results are light brown color, texture a little loud and there is no fragrance. The capsule sell disintegration should meet the requirements set by the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia V edition, is 13 minutes 47 seconds.Keywords: jackfruit skin (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam), pectin, capsule shell
ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE
Authors: Silva Fabiane Cristina Nunes da , Reis Felipe da Silva , Farias Thais Cristina Borges , Mesquita Cristal Ribeiro , Maroja Miriam Claudia Fausto de Sousa , Silva Ariana Santana da , Silva Paulo Emerson Marques da , Pacheco Gabrielle Fernandes , Pereira Dermison Leão , Queiroz Perla Suely Gaia Raniéri
Published: August 2023

Prezados leitores, esta obra tem como foco destacar o papel da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) no combate à pandemia de COVID-19. Por sua vez, a APS desempenha um papel crucial no combate à COVID-19 e em situações de pandemia em geral. A APS é o primeiro nível de atendimento médico e de saúde, geralmente prestado por médicos de família, clínicos gerais, enfermeiros e outros profissionais de saúde. Ela se concentra na prevenção, na promoção, no tratamento e na coordenação dos cuidados de saúde para uma população.
No contexto da COVID-19, a APS desempenha diversas funções, tais como a Triagem e Avaliação Inicial: As unidades de APS podem triar pacientes com sintomas suspeitos de COVID-19, cumprindo estimativas iniciais para determinar a necessidade de testes e encaminhamentos para cuidados mais especializados; a Testagem e Diagnóstico: A APS pode facilitar a testagem em massa da população, ajudando a identificar casos positivos precocemente. Isso é fundamental para conter a influência do vírus; o Monitoramento e Aconselhamento: Profissionais da APS podem monitorar pacientes com COVID-19 leve em casa, fornecendo orientações sobre como lidar com os médicos e quando procurar atendimento de urgência.
Além do mais, tem-se a Educação e Informação: A APS desempenha um papel importante na disseminação de informações precisas sobre a COVID-19, medidas de prevenção e comportamento saudável; a Vacinação: Com o desenvolvimento de vacinas contra a COVID-19, a APS pode ser um ponto central para a distribuição e administração das doses, garantindo que a vacinação seja feita de maneira eficiente e equitativa; o Acompanhamento Pós-COVID-19: Muitos pacientes que se recuperam da COVID-19 podem enfrentar sintomas de longo prazo. A APS pode fornecer acompanhamento contínuo e suporte a esses pacientes.
Em continuidade, tem-se a Prevenção e Controle de Doenças: A APS está bem-posicionada para promover medidas de prevenção, como lavagem das mãos, uso de máscaras e distanciamento físico, além de monitorar e controlar surtos locais; e a Coordenação de Cuidados: A APS pode coordenar os cuidados de pacientes com COVID-19, garantindo que eles recebam os serviços de saúde necessários de maneira organizada e eficaz.
O LÚDICO COMO FATOR PRIMORDIAL NA APRENDIZAGEM COGNITIVA E O DESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL E SUAS FASES
Authors: Bezerra Olinderge Priscilla Câmara
Published: August 2023

RESUMO

O presente artigo está embasado na concepção dos teóricos Jean Piaget (1977), Vygotsky (1991), Huizinga (1990), dentre outros. A partir dos estudos realizados, podemos afirmar que o lúdico é essencial para a aprendizagem cognitiva, desenvolvimento infantil, motricidade, sociabilidade, interação, pois através do mesmo as crianças participam com entusiasmo porque proporciona motivação, interesse, expressividade, entre outros fatores. Diante disso, no contexto escolar, o professor precisa conhecer os fundamentos e as contribuições por meio dos objetivos das atividades lúdicas, vislumbrando no seu planejamento, as brincadeiras e jogos que as crianças desenvolvam suas habilidades e potencialidades. Com isso, o jogo desperta impressões sensoriais, físicas, táteis e sinestésicas, espontânea e expressiva que permite interagir com os outros e desenvolver a personalidade. Os jogos simbólicos desenvolvem na direção de uma atividade mais construtiva, com a finalidade de adaptação ao real, implica a representação dos objetos ou situações que se desenvolve a partir do esquema sensório motor à medida que são interiorizados. Já às brincadeiras contribui na transmissão de cultura e social, bem como, reproduz a realidade e reelaboram ideias e imaginação e favorece algumas funções: sensório motor, intelectual e emocional. Diante desse pressuposto, no faz de conta, a criança estabelece nexos entre situações e objetos e entre expressões corporais e personagens, a partir de gestos, mímicas, dramatização, entre outros. Porém apesar das crianças terem acesso às tecnologias, também sentem a necessidade das brincadeiras de roda, jogos de futebol, teatro, peteca. A partir de tamanhas contribuições estão transformando o lúdico nas atividades pedagógicas.
The Effectiveness of MOE-Endorsed Professional Development Programs as Perceived by Jordanian EFL Teachers
Authors: Bataineh Ruba Fahmi , Bani Amer Jacqueline Mohammad
Published: August 2023

This study aims at examining the potential effect of Ministry of Education (MOE)- endorsed teacher professional development programs on Jordanian EFL teachers’ practices as perceived by the teachers themselves. A five-section Likert-scaled questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 328 (of the 681) EFL teachers enrolled in professional development programs at Qasabet Irbid Directorate of Education in 2021/2022. The respondents expressed moderate views as to the effectiveness of the professional development programs endorsed by the MOE. General dissatisfaction was reported for several reasons, most important amongst which is inability to satisfy teachers’ needs due to inadequate coverage of general competencies, teaching skills and methodology, classroom management, and assessment. The findings also revealed a moderate agreement with the training programs, which were reported to need to better address integrated assessment and constructive feedback and to be subjected to continuous evaluation and improvement. Several relevant recommendations and pedagogical implications were put forth.
Educação ambiental no ensino fundamental I: um estudo sobre a práxis escolar
Authors: Chiaranda Paulo Sergio , Rodrigues Nunes Emiliana Cristina
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo partiu de um recorte de um trabalho de conclusão do curso de pedagogia de 2013, da Faculdade da Fundação Educacional Araçatuba (FAC-FEA). A Educação Ambiental (EA) consiste na compreensão de conceitos e valores relacionados ao meio ambiente, abarca preservação e sustentabilidade. Neste sentido, a pesquisa objetiva propiciar a compreensão da realidade, promover ações para preservação da natureza e consumo consciente dos alunos do Ensino Fundamental. O procedimento metodológico contou com pesquisa de campo e pesquisa-ação, partindo das premissas definidas por René Barbier e Pedro Demo, no qual resultou no desenvolvimento positivo de uma horta orgânica.