bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Black Friday Tool for Sales Promotion
Authors:   Cherkasy State Business College, Ivanova Iryna , Tatiana Tatiana ,   Cherkasy State Business College, Rudenko Alona ,   Cherkasy State Business College, Zalozna Tamila ,   Cherkasy State Business College
Published: March 2021

The article summarizes scientific views and defines the term of sales promotion. Features of promotion and sales promotion in B2C (Business-to-Consumer) markets are revealed. The use of digital marketing tools in the process of stimulating the sales of goods through digital channels, in particular through online stores, as well as the use of search engine optimization (SEO) and SMM-marketing is substantiated. Marketing communications and sales promotion elements used by retailers when preparing for seasonal sales are considered. The activity of consumers to retailers in the period of the preparation for grand sales, tools used by retail trade to influence the consumer and improve the activity of sales of goods is studied. The authors summarize and analyze statistic data of such online platforms as Black-friday.global, Picodi, Google Trends. The factors influencing the opportunities of online shopping and retail during Black Friday are explored and outlined. The peculiarities of trading platforms functioning, which provide online shopping space for various retail enterprises and offer marketing communications of retailers to increase the efficiency of product promotion on the Internet, are highlighted. Keywords: product promotion, sales promotion, Black Friday, marketing communications, digital marketing, retail, marketplace.
Forecasting the inventory levels of an industrial enterprise in conditions of demand volatility
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Yashkin Dmytro
Published: March 2021

The aim of the article is to provide tools for obtaining reliable forecasts of the level of inventories of the enterprise in conditions of volatility in demand for products. Most types of demand for industrial products are unstable, so it is important to form stocks based on demand forecasts to reduce logistics risks. The results of the analyses. Analytical tools for forecasting maximum level of inventories in conditions of volatility of demand for products of machine-building enterprises have been developed, which provides an opportunity to obtain the most reliable sales forecast and estimate the maximum required stocks for a certain type of demand. The method, which is obtained by analytical tools, is based on a three-stage algorithm: a) identification of trends in a time series of sales; b) obtaining optimal sales forecasting models; c) plotting of interval forecasts of product sales and risk assessment of the formation of its maximum stocks. The developed methodology identifies logistics risks, which depend on sales forecasts, for nine machine-building enterprises of Ukraine. A method for statistical assessment of logistics risks of machine-building enterprises by confidence intervals has been developed, in which maximum stocks are determined by two confidence intervals of sales forecasts, and the risk of error is associated with the appropriate levels of reliability of these intervals. It is proposed to build the upper limits of two confidence intervals, for example, 95% and 99%, according to the forecast inventory level estimates, and to consider them as maximum inventory level estimates with corresponding probabilities. The risk of stock shortages is defined as the probability of going beyond the upper limit of the corresponding interval. It is proved that the dynamics of monthly or quarterly sales of enterprises can be typed by four patterns: the presence of seasonal fluctuations and trends; the presence of purely seasonal fluctuations without a pronounced trend; no seasonal fluctuations, but the presence of a trend; no seasonal fluctuations and trends. Conclusions and perspectives for further research. It is proved that the volatility of monthly or quarterly sales volumes of enterprises can be typed by four patterns: 1) the presence of seasonal fluctuations and trends; 2) the presence of purely seasonal fluctuations without a pronounced trend; 3) no seasonal fluctuations, but the presence of a trend; 4) no seasonal fluctuations and trends. Based on this, the theoretical and methodological principles and analytical tools for forecasting the maximum stocks of an industrial enterprise in conditions of demand volatility were improved. Keywords: seasonality, volatility, inventory level forecasting, maximum stocks, demand forecasting.
Problem Solving Method Management to Improve the Quality of PAI Learning
Authors: Kurniati Ike , Helmawati Helmawati , Syah Muhibbin
Published: March 2021

The development of science and technology must be balanced with an increase in the quality of learning in the world of education. The quality of learning becomes low when educators only stick to conventional teaching materials. Strengthened by the existence of Islamic Education teachers delivering teaching materials with the lecture method so that the learning process feels boring, monotonous and less attractive to students. So it is necessary to choose the right learning method in the learning process, one of which is the problem solving method. The problem solving method is interactive learning using one that can improve the quality of learning with active, innovative, creative, effective, and fun learning (PAIKEM) as well as being happy and having weight (Gembot). The purpose of this study is to determine the planning, implementation, evaluation, impact and supporting and inhibiting factors along with their solutions. With the aim of this research, the researcher asked a research question on how to manage problem solving methods to improve the quality of Islamic education learning. To clarify the background, the authors describe management, the quality of learning, problem solving methods and PAI. The description of the results of this study shows that the problem solving method in Islamic Education learning is very popular and understood by students with learning indicators using group discussions and independent tasks in completing case studies. As for infrastructure, the ability of educators and students are supporting and inhibiting factors in learning problem solving methods. The conclusion of this research is that the problem solving method is able to improve the quality of Islamic education learning with indicators of cognitive, affective and psychomotor enhancement.
Dark Green Religion
Authors: Taylor Bron
Published: March 2021

I wrote the following remections in the hope they will encourage further research and debate about the phenomena I explored in Dark Green Religion: Nature Spiritualty and the Planetary Future. These remections are adapted from the ‘Vorwort zur deutschen Neuausgabe: Dunkelgrüne Religion—Zehn Jahre danach’, with which I introduced the German edition.
Sustaining Abundance
Authors: Hartnell Tobin Montgomery
Published: March 2021

A comparison of archaeological survey and ethnography with the Zoroastrian textual corpus reveals the cultural and economic dimensions of an ancient water management system in northern Persia (southern Iran). The results highlight how humanity’s destructive impact on nature is ubiquitous, yet not all impacts are equivalent. The explanation is partly cultural, as Sasanian (r. 208–641 CE) notions of the Divine River promoted particular types of engagements with local rivers that respected their innate character. For believers, Zoroastrian water rituals promoted material abundance, just as ancient irrigation systems prioritized smaller barrages that allowed the river to mow. In contrast, modern dams severely restrict the water’s mow, which degrades the quality of the water. Even though ancient irrigation systems achieved a similar scale to modern ones, they were ultimately more sustainable because they respected the river as an important entity in its own right.
The influence of nitrogen injection duration at the initial gas-water contact on the gas recovery factor
Authors: Matkivskyi Serhii , Kondrat Oleksandr
Published: March 2021

This paper reports a study that employed a digital three-dimensional model of the gas condensate reservoir to investigate the process of nitrogen injection at the boundary of initial gas-water contact at different values of the injection duration. The calculations were performed for 5, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 months injection duration. Based on the modeling results, it was found that increasing the duration of the nitrogen injection decreases the operation time of production wells until the breakthrough of non-hydrocarbon gas. Based on the analysis of the technological indicators of reservoir development, it was established that the introduction of technology of the nitrogen injection into a reservoir ensures a reduction in the volume of reservoir water production. The cumulative water production at the time of nitrogen breakthrough to the production wells at the nitrogen injection duration of 5 months is 197,3 thousand m3; of 14 months – 0,038 m3. According to the results from the statistical treatment of estimation data, the optimal value for the nitrogen injection duration was determined, which is 8,04 months. The ultimate gas recovery factor for the optimal period of the non-hydrocarbon gas injection is 58,11 %, and in the development of a productive reservoir for depletion – 34,6 %. Based on the research results, the technological efficiency of nitrogen injection into a productive reservoir has been determined at the boundary of initial gas-water contact in order to slow the movement of reservoir water into gas-saturated horizons. This study results allow the improvement of the existing technologies of hydrocarbon fields development under conditions of water drive. The use of the results of the research carried out in production will make it possible to reduce the volume of cumulative water production and increase the ultimate gas recovery factors to 23,51 %
Analysis of the accumulation of amylolytic enzymes in triticale grain during malting process
Authors: Bayazitova Meruyert , Kekibaeva Anara , Baigaziyeva Gulgaisha , Askarbekov Erik , Zhamalova Dinara
Published: March 2021

Generalization of the results of theoretical and practical research in the production of beer showed that the rise in prices for cereals, and in particular for barley, leads to an increase in the price of malt and, accordingly, an increase in the cost of the final product – beer. In this regard, modern brewers face the acute problem of a shortage of high-quality raw materials for beer production, as well as high competition in the consumer market. The need for inexpensive raw materials for brewing beer has grown significantly. Along with malt substitutes, a new product has appeared on the brewing commodity market – triticale. It surpasses barley in terms of the total amount of extract and other chemical indicators, so the use of this culture as a raw material for the production of brewing malt is a promising direction in brewing. In this work, we selected the optimal modes of malting grain triticale varieties “Balausa 8” to a moisture content of 40 %, 42 % and 44 % and germination for 3, 4 and 5 days at temperatures of 14 °C, 16 °C and 18 °C. Based on experimental studies, it has been found that 16 °C should be considered the optimal temperature for soaking triticale grains to a moisture content of 44 %. In the studies, the optimal mode of malting was experimentally determined for 5 days at a temperature of 16 °C, which made it possible to ensure the maximum accumulation of hydrolytic enzymes. Accelerated synthesis of amylases (217.99 units) occurs due to an increase in the rate of diffusion of gibberellin-like substances to the cells of the aleurone layer. The maximum accumulation of amylolytic enzymes is observed already on the 5th day of malting, which shortens this process by 2 days in the production of malt using classical technology
Devising quality control criteria for manufacturing control valves of the type «nozzle-flap»
Authors: Lytviak Oleksandr , Komar Sergii , Derevyanko Oleksandr , Durieiev Viacheslav
Published: March 2021

This paper is a continuation of research into the causes and ways to eliminate the generation of self-oscillations in the system of automatic regulation of rotations of the free turbine in the turboshaft gas turbine engines of helicopters. The study of dynamic processes in the system of automatic regulation of free turbine’s rotations in a turboshaft GTE has shown that one of the reasons for the development of self-oscillations is the poor performance of the control valve of the type «nozzle-flap» in the rotation regulator’s hydraulic drive. At a pump-regulator plant, the criterion for the quality of control valve execution or repair implies that the geometric size of the valve parts and the flow rate of working fluid through the valve when the flap is closed meet the technical requirements. As practice shows, this is not enough. With this approach, valve defects manifest themselves only during the tests of assemblies as part of the engine. This paper proposes a method to examine the characteristics of control valves such as «nozzle-flap», as well as criteria for assessing the quality of their execution. Experimental characteristics of control valves such as «nozzle-flap» for an actual regulator of free turbine rotation frequency are given. New data on the outflow of liquid from the nozzle with a flap have been obtained. It is shown that the destruction of the stagnation zone in the nozzle tip could result in that the valve flow rate increases, which negatively affects the characteristics of the hydraulic drive and regulator in general. A technique has been proposed to improve the stability of the valve’s performance by increasing the relative length of the nozzle. It is shown that the most informative characteristic of the valve is the dependence of flow rate on the position of the flap. Based on this characteristic, it is possible to determine the criteria for rejecting valves without testing them as part of the assembly
Ore crushing in the high-pressure roller-press as a modelling object under stochastic properties of feed materials
Authors: Oliinyk Tetyana , Nikolaienko Pavlo , Nikolaienko Kostiantyn , Oliinyk Maksym
Published: March 2021

The results of improving ore crushing in a high-pressure roller-press are presented. Application of a roller-press enables higher crushing efficiency due to both power saving and reduction of sizes of ore crush products to release mineral aggregates. Ore disintegration by compressive strain prevails among currently applied crushing methods. Disintegration occurs not only due to the compressive, but also to the shear strain. Considering smaller power consumption of the shear strain than that of the compressive strain, it is concluded that roller-press application is quite efficient.
Simulation of crushing by using the Bond law frequently applied in practice is under consideration. It is essential to consider the stochasticity of the ore flow to be crushed. Presentation of this flow as a random figure by transforming it by the Bond crushing law results in a probabilistic characteristic of the crushing result. This characteristic enables finding properties of the crush product and probabilistic formulation of the problem of improving the crushing process by setting a relevant functional. To apply the results obtained to practical uses, the crushing process is simulated. The theoretical results are confirmed by setting the stochastic properties of the input ore flow by means of Rosen-Rammler’s law followed by statistical substantiation of the conducted calculations in Mathcad. After stimulation and considering stochastic properties of the feed ore flow, the solution of the optimal stabilization problem reveals that stabilization is achieved, while dispersion in relation to the stabilization goal reduces sharply almost five-fold
Determining the influence exerted by the static conditions of final squeezing on the compaction process of iron-based powder materials
Authors: Minitsky Anatoly , Minitska Nataliya , Okhrimenko Oleksandr , Krasnovyd Dmytro
Published: March 2021

This paper reports a study into the process of re-compaction of powder briquettes in the conditions of static pressing at a pressure of 800 MPa. The technological parameters of the pressing process have been analyzed, which make it possible to improve the compaction of powder briquettes based on iron. Such parameters are the outer greasing, which reduces friction between a green compact and the walls of the press tool matrix, and the firing, which removes the deformation strengthening of the green compacts and increases their plasticity.
The green compacts’ sealing mechanism involved in the final squeezing process has been established, which is associated with the grinding of pre-compressed particles due to the strain in the contact areas. The increase in the stressed state of green compacts following the final squeezing was confirmed by the results of studying the residual micro-strains.
The change in the stressed state of iron green compacts has been confirmed by the study into the structurally sensitive characteristics, which include the materials’ magnetic and electrical properties. Determining the magnetic characteristics has shown that final squeezing leads to an increase in coercive force, which can be explained by both the increase in the stressed state and the grinding of grains. Investigating the impact exerted by the annealing environment on the value of magnetic characteristics has demonstrated that annealing in hydrogen is more effective in terms of improving magnetic properties than annealing in a vacuum. This is due to the refining of grain boundaries through the processes of reduction of oxide films.
The study of the mechanical characteristics of green compact materials based on iron powder has established that final squeezing leads to an increase in the hardness and strength of materials depending on the conditions of deformation. A significant improvement in the green compacts’ strength (820‒824 MPa) is due to both a decrease in porosity by 8‒10 % and an increase in the contact area as a result of plastic deformation after the annealing
Determining the possibility of using removable equipment for transporting 20- and 40-feet-long containers on an universal platform wagon
Authors: Shaposhnyk Vladyslav , Shykunov Oleksandr , Reidemeister Alexei , Muradian Leontii , Potapenko Olha
Published: March 2021

An important role in the market of transport services belongs to container transportation. Railroads, especially under the conditions of increased competition from road transport, must respond quickly to the needs of the market and the growing demand for container transportation, including interstate traffic. Demand for container transportation can vary significantly during the year, which testifies to the expediency of introducing removable equipment on universal railroad freight cars that are involved in the deliveries of containers. This paper reports the design of a removable frame structure for a universal platform that could carry two 20-ft or one 40-ft container. The proposed technical solution does not require changes in the structure of the car and changes in its model; with a decrease in the demand for container transportation, it would allow this car to be used for its main purpose.
According to the current methodology, the efforts that operate on the frame during the transportation of containers have been determined. The strength of the proposed structure was estimated by a finite-element method. The maximum stresses arising in the proposed structure are 164.4 MPa; they occur in the corners of the stops attached to the stand-up staples of the platform. The resulting stress values do not exceed the allowable ones. The results of calculating the removable equipment indicate its sufficient strength. Requirements for placing cargo on the rolling stock assume a mandatory check to fit the dimensions, which confirmed that the container hosted by the frame does fit them. The proposed structure makes it possible to abandon disposable fastening parts, improve the safety of container transportation, and increase competitiveness in the container transportation market.
Determining the elastic-plastic effective width of the free flange of a hull girder with the breaking of a wall
Authors: Sokov Valerii , Korostylov Leontii
Published: March 2021

This paper reports the dependences that have been derived to determine the effective width of a free flange in a dangerous cross-section of the wide-flange hull girder with the breaking of the wall/edges/axis at elastic-plastic deformation depending on the applied load for a perfectly plastic material without strengthening. Currently, there are no systematic dependences to determine the effective width of the free flange of girders of this type, except for certain cases. The technique is suitable for use for both purely elastic and elastic-plastic deformation. To calculate the stressed-strained state (SSS), a finite-element method (FEM) was used to solve the three-dimensional problem from the elasticity and plasticity theory. It has been shown that the node is exposed to simple loading. The reported results were derived within the framework of the deformation theory of plasticity. The largest ratio of external load to the boundary of fluidity is 0.9. The estimation scheme takes into consideration the most unfavorable working conditions of the examined node when the safest data are acquired. The dependences were built for the theoretical coefficient of concentration in a dangerous cross-section, which is used in the proposed procedure to determine the moment of transition from the elastic stage of deformation to elastic-plastic. When determining the effective width, the complex work of the flange and its deplanation was taken into consideration by defining the SSS components in the median plane. The feasibility of the idea of designing the SSS components on the inclined plane of a free flange has been proven. In this case, there is practically a (quasi) flat stressed state, suitable for the application of classical methods to determine the effective width. The proposed technique simplifies the calculations of the strength of the examined girder.
Procedure for constructing a mathematical model to determine the time of the initial stage of fire evolution
Authors: Zhartovskyi Sergii , Titenko Olexander , Kyrychenko Oksana , Tyshchenko Ievgen , Motrichuk Roman , Melnyk Valentyn
Published: March 2021

To develop appropriate measures and means of fire protection at facilities, it is relevant to form an idea of the phenomenology of the processes of the occurrence, evolution, and termination of combustion. This paper proposes procedures for building mathematical models of the energy component of those physicochemical processes that occur in wood under the influence of fire, which make it possible to determine the time from the beginning of such an impact to the onset of the phase of flame combustion. The adequacy of mathematical modeling was tested experimentally at a standardized installation for studying flame propagation over the surface of wood. The samples used for the reported theoretical and experimental studies were the specimens of unprotected wood made from 20-mm-thick pine sapwood with a density of 400‒550 kg/m3. The samples of fireproof wood (of the same variety, thickness, and density) were impregnated with a fire retardant based on diammonium phosphate and ammonium sulfate (at consumption of 168.2 g/m2 of dry fire-retardant components). The modeling employed the results from the experimental determining of the ignition temperature of unprotected and fire-proof wood, specifically: 235 °C – for unprotected wood, 410 °C – for fire-proof wood, respectively.
The results of mathematical modeling and experimental studies confirm the possibility of significant lengthening of time from the onset of fire exposure to the ignition of fire load from wood when nitrogen-phosphorus impregnating agents are used for fire protection.
Procedures of mathematical modeling have been proposed to build models for determining the cooling effect from the use of impregnating fire retardants to protect the wood on the prolongation of the stage of a fire start.
Mathematical modeling data could be applied when making impregnating fire retardants
Development of a method of adaptive control of military radio network parameters
Authors: Nalapko Oleksii , Shyshatskyi Andrii , Ostapchuk Viktor , Mahdi Qasim Abbood , Zhyvotovskyi Ruslan , Petruk Serhii , Lebed Yevgen , Diachenko Serhii , Velychko Vira , Poliak Illia
Published: March 2021

A method of adaptive control of military radio network parameters has been developed. This method allows predicting suppressed frequencies by electronic warfare devices, determining the topology of the military radio network. Also, this method allows determining rational routes of information transmission and operating mode of radio communications. Forecasting of the electronic environment is characterized by recirculation of input data for one count, resampling on a logarithmic time scale, finding a forecast for the maximum value of entropy and resampling the forecast on the exponential time scale. The developed method allows choosing a rational network topology. The choice of topology of the military radio communication system is based on the method of ant multi-colony system. The main idea of the new option of ant colony optimization is that instead of one colony of the traditional ant algorithm several colonies are used that work together in a common search space. However, this procedure additionally takes into account the type of a priori uncertainty and the evaporation coefficient of the pheromone level. The proposed method allows choosing a rational route for information transmission. The proposed procedure is based on an improved DSR algorithm. This method uses several operating modes of radio communications, namely the technology of multi-antenna systems with noise-like signals, with pseudo-random adjustment of the operating frequency and with orthogonal frequency multiplexing. The developed method provides a gain of 10‒16 % compared to conventional management approaches
Optimal parameter values of PID controller for DC motor based on modified particle swarm optimization with adaptive inertia weight
Authors: Mustafa Mohammed Obaid
Published: March 2021

A significant problem in the control field is the adjustment of PID controller parameters. Because of its high nonlinearity property, control of the DC motor system is difficult and mathematically repetitive. The particle swarm optimization PSO solution is a great optimization technique and a promising approach to address the problem of optimum PID controller results. In this paper, a modified particle swarm optimization PSO method with four inertia weight functions is suggested to find the global optimum parameters of the PID controller for speed and position control of the DC motor. Benchmark studies of inertia weight functions are described. Two scenarios have been suggested in order to modify PSO including the first scenario called M1-PSO and the second scenario called M2-PSO, as well as classical PSO algorithms. For the first scenario, the modification of the PSO was done based on changing the four inertia weight functions, social and personal acceleration coefficient, while in the second scenario, the four inertia weight functions have been changed but the social and personal acceleration coefficient stayed constant during the algorithm implementation. The comparison between the presented scenarios and traditional PID was carried out and satisfied simulation results have shown that the first scenario has rapid search speeds, and very effective and fast implementation compared to the second scenario and classical PSO and even improved PSO technique. Moreover, the proposed approach has a fast searching speed compared to classical PSO. However, it has been found that the classical PSO algorithm has a premature, inaccurate and local convergence process when solving complex optimization issues. The presented algorithm is proposed to increase the search speed of the original PSO.
Development of the combined method for evaluating and controlling the reliability indicator «probability of failure-free switching» of a radio technical complex
Authors: Lukianchuk Vadim , Lanetskii Boris , Khudov Hennadii , Zvieriev Oleksii , Terebuha Ivan , Kuprii Volodymyr , Borysenko Kostyantyn , Artemenko Artem , Aristarkhov Oleh , Kondratenko Yulii
Published: March 2021

The operation of a radio-technical complex based on a technical condition is represented by cycles. Each cycle implies control over a limiting state in order to make timely and informed decisions on managing the operation of a radio-technical complex. That should resolve the task of assessing and monitoring the indicators of fault-free operation with the required accuracy and reliability based on operational observations and, if necessary, special tests that could minimize the cost of special tests.
Given the introduction for a radio-technical complex of the repeated application of a new indicator of fault-free operation «the probability of trouble-free switching», a combined method of its evaluation and control has been developed. This method is a set of known and developed criteria, models, methods, and schemes that determines the sequence of their application for joint evaluation and control of this indicator.
The criteria for verifying the uniformity of data on the operational observations and special tests for the fault-free operation of a radio-technical complex have been defined, as well as the corresponding models for assessing the one-sided lower confidence boundaries of the indicator under consideration, and the methods to control it.
The devised method makes it possible to derive estimates of the probability of trouble-free switching, as well as the magnitudes of the observed risks of decisions being made with acceptable accuracy and reliability.
The results of modeling the devised combined method helped obtain the accuracy and reliability of its estimates and the observed risks of controls carried out. Recommendations have been compiled for applying the method to address the challenges of joint assessment and control of the probability of trouble-free switching of the considered complexes
Devising a procedure for assessing the subgrade compaction degree based on the propagation rate of elastic waves
Authors: Kovalchuk Vitalii , Kravets Ivan , Nabochenko Olga , Onyshchenko Arthur , Fedorenko Olexander , Pentsak Andriy , Petrenko Oleksiy , Hembara Nataliya
Published: March 2021

This paper reports the analysis of the methods for estimating the technical condition of the subgrade underneath a constructed railroad track or road during its operation. The study results have proven that the issue related to monitoring and controlling high-quality compaction of a heterogeneous subgrade remains relevant and requires the construction of reliable experimental methods for assessing the subgrade degree of compaction.
A procedure for determining the compaction of subgrade in the laboratory has been devised, based on inertial microcomputer technologies, which makes it possible to assess the degree of compaction of subgrade soils depending on the propagation rate of an impact's elastic waves.
An experimental study has been performed into the propagation rate of elastic waves across a homogeneous subgrade made of coarse-grained sand and a heterogeneous subgrade made of coarse sand with a layer of clay in the middle of the prism. The study results established that the propagation rate of an elastic wave in a heterogeneous subgrade accepts a lower value than the rate of wave propagation in a homogeneous subgrade.
Through the dynamic interpretation, by using a discriminant statistical analysis, the characteristic features have been defined in the distribution of accelerations in the body of the homogeneous and heterogeneous subgrade, depending on the degree of compaction, which would make it possible to monitor the state of the subgrade during operation. As the degree of the subgrade soil compaction affects the technical condition of roads
Comparative assessment of the influence of a technological factor on economic growth
Authors: Kheyfets Boris , Chernova Veronika
Published: March 2021

The study focuses on the extent to which the technological factor affects economic growth and analyzes its role in enhancing socio-economic differentiation. We develop a methodology for ranking countries according to the level of their technological effectiveness using the specific index. Correlation and regression analysis is used to identify technological factors in economic development. Approbation of the approach took place on the example of the United States and China. The data obtained demonstrate that the increase in R&D costs and the export of high-tech products has a positive effect on economic growth. R&D spending provides 31.6 % to 41.9 % of GDP growth for the United States and China, respectively. Exports of high-tech products support GDP growth at the level of 2.7 % to 4.7 %. The research findings confirm that the technological factor encourages economic development through more efficient allocation of resources, the spread of innovations and the growth of high-tech exports. Regression models have proved this relationship. China ranks first in the index of technological effectiveness and is followed by the United States and Japan. Such countries as Kazakhstan, Brazil and Ukraine are lagging significantly behind some technologically advanced European nations (Romania, Poland, Bulgaria), as well as Turkey and Mexico. Analysis of data from a sample of 30 countries showed that technological differentiation is a direct cause of overall inequality. To bridge this technological gap, it is expedient to develop the existing technological potential in a consistent manner, while concentrating efforts on high-tech sectors capable of strengthening the foundation of the economy
Respiratory microbiota disorders in children with neurological disabilities at repeated respiratory diseases
Authors: Koreniuk Olena
Published: March 2021

The relevance of the problem of recurrent respiratory diseases in children with severe neurological pathology is due to the high frequency, severity of clinical symptoms and the protracted nature of their exacerbations, as well as the tendency to chronicity of the pathological process.
The aim of the research was to study the respiratory microbiota to optimize antibacterial therapy of recurrent respiratory diseases.
Materials and methods: the 16 children with severe neurological pathology at repeated respiratory diseases were examined. We used a microbiological examination of the upper respiratory tract using a deep smear from the oropharynx to identify a possible causative agent of the disease.
Research results: the pronounced imbalance of the respiratory microbiota, corresponding to II and III degrees of dysbiotic disorders, was revealed in the examined children. The feature of the microflora of the upper respiratory tract was the dominance of Pseudomonas aeroginosa, intestinal opportunistic microflora (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris) and their frequent combination with Streptococcus pyogenus, Staphylococcus aureus and yeast-like mushrooms of the Сandida genus. The maximum degree of respiratory microbiota disorders was noted in the group of children with congenital malformations of the brain and correlated with the severity of bronchopulmonary diseases. The analysis of the pathogenic microflora sensitivity to antibiotics showed high resistance of the identified microorganisms to most medicines.
Conclusions: respiratory pathology in children with neurological disabilities is characterized by a recurrent and chronic bronchitis with a tendency of a protracted course which determines the duration of antibiotic therapy. The use of a non-invasive technique for the respiratory microbiota studying makes it possible to identify suspected pathogens of bronchopulmonary diseases and optimize their treatment
Reinforcement of Maja Labo Dahu (shame and fear) attitude in practicing pancasila value through the learning of pancasila and civic education in State Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTSN) 1 Bima city
Authors: Irawan Bambang , Kusdarini Eny
Published: March 2021

This type of research is descriptive research by qualitative approach about the reinforcement of maja labo dahu attitude in practicing Pancasila value through the learning of Pancasila and civic education in MTsN 1 Bima City.  The technique of determining the subject research used purposive sampling with the source of data is 1) teacher of Pancasila and civic education, 2) student representatives, 3) curriculum representative, 4) coach of extracurricular activity, 5) principal and, 6) students. Data collection is conducted by observation, documentation and interview. The test validity is conducted by triangulation technique. The data analysis is analyzed by the technique of qualitative descriptive analysis. The research founding indicated that: first, the reinforcement of maja labo dahu attitude in practicing Pancasila values in MTsN 1 Bima City can be done by several ways, such as: a) verbally, by giving the understanding the meaning about the important of maja labo dahu philosophy toward students, b) exemplary, teacher can show a positive behaviour and attitude, for instance: courtesy, honesty, discipline, and appearance that can be imitated by students, and c) Habituation of religious attitudes, politeness, mutual respect and tolerance. Second, supporting factor of reinforcement maja labo dahu attitude in practicing Pancasila values through the learning of Pancasila and civic education in MTsN 1 Bima City for supporting factor, including: a) a competence teacher, b) facility, c) curriculum, d) extracurricular activity, e) school culture, f) parents and society, g) the involvement of all the teacher and school staff. Meanwhile, obstacle factor, including: a) the curriculum content has been not listed explicitly the philosophy of maja labo dahu, b) the large school environment, c) school environment, family and society do not support each other. However, the solution is the reinforcement of maja labo dahu attitude toward students is not only the Pancasila and civic education teacher’s responsibility, but it needs the involvement of all school sides to conduct supervision, assistance, family environment, community and government. Third, the form of practicing the values of Pancasila in MTsN I Bima city, including: first principle, divine value (learning to read Al-Qur'an, hadith, praying in congregation, lecturing and reading yasin). the second principle, the value of humanity (tolerance, help, kinship, and mutual respect). third principle, the value of unity (raising the red and white flag, commemorating the Proclamation Day of August 17, reforestation, and loving local culture). The fourth principle, the value of populist (deliberation and consensus, the selection of class chairmen, student council chairmen, scout leaders and harvest discussions). And the fifth principle, the value of justice (sense of brotherhood, solidarity, tolerance and help).
Aims setting process of pre-service primary school teachers’ foreign language communicative competence development
Authors: Bondar Tamara
Published: March 2021

The article highlights the features of aims setting process of pre-service primary school teachers’ foreign language communicative competence development, which is based on the definition of the purposes in accordance with the peculiarities of future professional activity. This process is one of the main educational categories and reflects the features of the educational process and the results of professional training of intending primary school teachers.
The paper focuses on the views of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on the types of aims and their functions in the future teachers’ training.
This work aimed to outline the features of the aims setting process and to determine the purposes of pre-service primary school teachers’ foreign language communicative competence development.
The process of determining the purposes of education is to form a system of general scientific and special professional knowledge that provides certain skills of intending primary school teachers. It is noted, that the main requirements for formulating the aims of the educational process are: clarity, hierarchy and diagnostics.
The competence orientation to general (broad sphere of life), special (narrow sphere of activity) and subject (certain courses) determines three stages of designing the aims of intending primary school teachers’ foreign language communicative competence formation: establishing strategic (general) aim, concretizing it in tactical purposes and forming operational objectives. Tactical purposes are represented by a set of cognitive, developmental and implementation ones, which are specified by operational objectives. To schematically depict the hierarchy of the aims for the pre-service professionals’ foreign language communicative competence development, the method “Aim Tree” was used, which allows to display the hierarchical structure of the aims by dividing the overall aim (level 1) into subaims (level 2), which in turn are divided into new sub-aims (level 2)
Determination of the legal framework for localization science and technology valleys and technology incubators in nuclear activitiesys and technology incubators in nuclear activities
Authors: Atout Osama Mostafa
Published: March 2021

The object of research in science and technology valleys and technology incubators, which for governments are the best investment of the scientific energies of scientists and innovators. As they are a link between research institutions and the industrial and service sectors, and as they transfer ideas and research results to different markets. This research aims to highlight the importance of Localization science and technology valleys and technological incubators related to nuclear activities, as they are one of the important tributaries to support the owners of the ideas of ambitious nuclear projects. The research also aims to shed light on the problems and obstacles that hinder the achievement of the desired goals of nuclear activities, such as:
– the lack of information in the fields related to it;
– the scarcity of expertise needed to implement it;
– the lack of funding;
– the absence of investors in this highly specific «nuclear» sector.
The research presents the extent of the possibility of Localization those nuclear activities in Egypt through establishment valleys and incubators so that through this Localization there is an integrated environment of services and support that will ensure their development, raise their growth rates, and increase their efficiency. It is will lead to an increase in the chances of their success and sustainability, especially since Nuclear technology is used in many fields of industry, medicine, and agriculture. The research highlight the provisions of Egyptian Law regarding science, technology, and innovation incentives, as well as Egyptian Law establishing the Innovators Care Fund, to determine the possibility of establishing these valleys and incubators through the provisions of Egyptian legislation.
Obtained results will have reached a great impact in encouraging investors and financiers to enter into technological partnerships with nuclear agencies in Egypt for the sake of safe investment in the elements associated with nuclear materials.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of national policies of minimization of consequences COVID-19 pandemics
Authors: Okhrimenko Oksana , Zrobok Oleksii
Published: March 2021

The object of research is the effectiveness of the implementation of measures within the national policy to minimize the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in individual countries. One of the most problematic places is the formation of a policy to minimize the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, which would take into account the specifics of the national economy, its margin of safety and aimed at achieving the goals of stabilizing negative economic trends. The pandemic has led to forced quarantine restrictions, which have had a negative impact on national economies. The inability to set up full-fledged business processes has led to rising unemployment and social tensions.
An analysis of the main directions of the policy of minimizing the consequences of the pandemic of individual countries that made up the analytical sample. The main characteristics of the measures taken to minimize the effects of the pandemic, aimed at stabilizing the situation in the most crisis segments of the economy: financial assistance to small and medium-sized businesses, tax benefits, job creation and unemployment benefits, stabilization of the budget and banking system.
The study used a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the pandemic confrontation through the prism of the adopted policy by analysing the dynamics of key macroeconomic indicators. This methodological approach involves the involvement of a large database, which presents the main macroeconomic indicators of individual countries and the study of the main parameters of national policies. This ensures that links are identified and that the results of the planned activities are compared. In comparison with known similar methods, this approach allows adding to the base of comparison global indices depending on the purpose of the study and to transform its subject.
In the applied aspect, the evaluation of the policy of confronting the pandemic will minimize the cost of time and resources to select and justify effective measures to minimize the negative consequences of unforeseen events and forecast economic trends.
Development of technology of gas condensate extraction from the formation in the conditions of retrograde condensation
Authors: Doroshenko Volodymyr , Titlov Oleksandr , Kuper Ivan
Published: March 2021

The object of research is gas condensate fields at a late stage of their development under conditions of a decrease in reservoir pressure below the pressure of condensate separation from a gaseous state. Reservoir losses of condensate during the development of deposits in depletion mode can reach 78 %, which entails the need to use various methods of stimulating the reservoir system to remove it. The most acceptable method is the use of a cycling process by re-injection (recirculation) of the produced and separated gas into the formation. A significant disadvantage of the cycling process is the long-term conservation of gas reserves as a result of its re-injection into the reservoir and significant capital and operating costs for dry gas injection. From a technological point of view, the use of the cycling process is constrained by the low value of the sweep efficiency. Dry gas that is injected has a lower viscosity in terms of the gas-condensate mixture is withdrawn from the reservoir, and under the conditions of the heterogeneous structure of the reservoir, its rapid breakthrough from injection to production wells takes place and, as a result, a decrease in the efficiency of condensate recovery. As an alternative to the cycling process for extracting retrograde condensate from the reservoir, it has been proposed to squeeze it out with water.
The paper proposes a unified waterflooding system, actually displacing condensate with water or a gas-water mixture. This is achieved by controlled operation of injection and production wells. First, gas is taken from the wells, and with the appearance of water in the product, methods of intensifying the transfer to the surface are used. If necessary, the wells are switched to forced production mode. The results of laboratory studies carried out on real samples of core material from the Andriyashivske gas condensate field (Ukraine) are presented. The directions of the implementation of gas-water repression in gas condensate fields with the parallel use of restrained reservoir gas available in the reservoir are substantiated. The technology allows to extract up to 50 % of the condensate dropped out in the reservoir.