bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flexural behavior of concrete beams with horizontal and vertical openings reinforced by glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars
Authors: Ali Hasan Hussein , Said Abdul Muttailb I.
Published: July 2022

This study conducted an analytical investigation on the behavior of concrete beams with openings reinforced by glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars. In this study, five proposed beams reinforced by GFRP bars as flexural and shear reinforcement with openings were numerically examined. The variables were the opening orientation (vertical and horizontal) and the number of openings. These openings were located within the flexural zone of the proposed beams. The result shows that the vertical openings had a significant effect over the horizontal openings on reducing the ultimate load and increasing the mid-span deflection compared with the control beam. Moreover, the results showed that when replacing two adjacent openings by one equivalent opening, the capacity of the beam is decreased.
Sucrose concentration detector based on a binary photonic crystal with a defect layer and two nanocomposite layers
Authors: Almawgani Abdulkarem H. M. , Suthar Bhuvneshwer , Bhargava Anami , Taya Sofyan A. , Daher Malek G. , Wu Feng , Colak Ilhami
Published: July 2022

The concentration of sucrose in an aqueous solution has a wide range of applications in pharmaceuticals, such as protein and food preservation. In this work, we propose a binary Si/SiO2 photonic crystal with a defect layer and two nanocomposite layers for the detection of sucrose concentration in an aqueous solution. The transfer matrix method is employed to analyze the proposed structure. Transmission, reflection and absorption spectra are plotted and studied. The defect mode arising as a result of the breakdown of the photonic crystal periodicity by the defect and the nanocomposite layers is also investigated. Many interesting features have been observed such as the transmission peak being sharply reduced with the increase of the nanocomposite layer thickness and the angle of incidence. The sensitivity of the photonic crystal can be enhanced by increasing the defect layer thickness and the incidence angle. It can be further improved by limiting the nanocomposite layer thickness to 5 nm. The proposed structure exhibits excellent tuning with any change in the sucrose concentration and it shows high sensitivity of about 893 nm/RIU. Therefore, it can be used as an efficient optical sensor device with enhanced sensitivity due to the nanocomposite layers.
Comparative life cycle assessment of heterotrophic microalgae Schizochytrium and fish oil in sustainable aquaculture feeds
Authors: McKuin Brandi L. , Kapuscinski Anne R. , Sarker Pallab K. , Cheek Nicolette , Colwell Adele , Schoffstall Benjamin , Greenwood Connor
Published: July 2022

Fish oil is primarily extracted from small marine pelagic fishes, reducing their availability for marine wildlife forage and artisanal fishing catches that support food security in lower income coastal nations. A primary use of fish oil is in feeds for aquaculture, the world’s fastest growing food sector. Efforts to transition fed aquaculture to sustainability includes replacing fish oil in aquafeeds with more environmentally responsible alternative ingredients. The heterotrophic marine microalga Schizochytrium sp., one of the first commercialized alternatives, lacks an open-access, systematic analysis of environmental impacts of substituting fish oil with heterotrophic microalgae from biorefineries. This study compared the “cradle to factory-gate” life cycle impacts of fish oil to whole-cell or extracted oil of Schizochytrium combined with canola oil. We conducted an attributional life cycle assessment using inventory data collected from published literature and patents and received feedback on commercial relevance of model assumptions from industry advisors. We examined sugar from a Brazilian sugarcane biorefinery and sucrose from U.S. sugar beets as feedstocks for heterotrophic cultivation of Schizochytrium; and compared life cycle impacts of extracting Schizochytrium oil using solvent-free microwave extraction to conventional solvent extraction. Results were that: cultivation processes had the largest overall effect for both products in both regions; whole-cell Schizochytrium combined with canola oil had significantly lower environmental impacts, in all assessed categories, than Schizochytrium oil blended with canola oil; and conventional solvent extraction had significantly lower environmental impacts compared to solvent-free microwave extraction except global warming potential. Schizochytrium products, compared to fish oil, had substantially lower biotic resource depletion and, in the case of whole cells combined with canola oil, had significantly lower global warming potential but higher impacts for all other categories, primarily because commercial Schizochytrium production used sugar feedstocks as carbon and energy sources. The mix of lower and higher environmental impacts of Schizochytrium products illustrates the importance of openly identifying environmental trade-offs to inform evidence-based decisions for commercial practices. Environmental impacts should also be weighed against potential human health benefits of maintaining omega-3 fatty acids and avoiding contaminants in fish flesh when considering alternatives to fish oil.
Exposing Viburnum edule seeds to a sequence of temperatures affects the germination characteristics
Authors: Baah-Acheamfour Mark , Sobze Jean-Marie
Published: July 2022

For many species of Viburnum, exposure to two distinct stratification sequences warm to cold or cold to warm may break embryo dormancy to initiate significant germination. Seeds of Viburnum edule were collected and moved through a series of cold-warm (4/20°C) or warm-cold
(20/4°C) stratification to better understand precisely which temperature sequences and duration improve germination percentage (GRP), mean germination time (MGT), germination synchrony (SYN) and uncertainty (UNC), and time for seeds to reach 50% germination (t50). Seeds kept in cold-warm
temperature sequences, on average, improved GRP by 24%, reduced MGT by 216 days and t50 by 97 days compared with those in the warm-cold stratification sequence. The warm-cold temperature sequence was more advantageous in improving the SYN (0.94 vs. 0.51) and reducing the UNC (0.21 vs. 0.96)
indices than the cold-warm temperature sequence.
“A Wonderful Movie!”: The Appropriation of Entertainment Ultrasound Technology in The Netherlands
Authors: Metselaar Roos
Published: July 2022

It is now almost impossible to imagine a pregnancy in The Netherlands without one or two fetal ultrasounds. In contrast to the biomedical view of seeing ultrasound technology as a transparent window into the womb, much scholarly research in the social sciences highlights that the technology is not neutral, but has different meanings and applications depending on the context. Feminist anthropologists have mostly criticized ultrasound technology for invading the intimate experience of pregnancy and making women “invisible.” This article focuses on socalled “entertainment” ultrasounds to explore how pregnant women in The Netherlands use ultrasound technology for new, unintended purposes. Using semi-structured interviews and discourse analysis of websites of commercial ultrasound clinics, I demonstrate that many pregnant women in The Netherlands consider the ultrasound scan a positive and valuable experience that they can consciously use to feel less insecure and to relax during their pregnancy. It is argued that, in looking so closely at the structural power relations that limit women’s agency, feminist anthropologists often downplay the possible leeway that expectant mothers have. These women are not forced into doing “entertainment” ultrasound scans but are active agents appropriating the technology.
Moving the Material Me: A Visual Autoethnography
Authors: Payne Elizabeth
Published: July 2022

This visual autoethnography aims to understand how the significant event of moving house forces us to consider the materiality of our lives and the intimate relationships we have with our belongings. Situated at the intersection of anthropological studies on the home and materiality, this study looks at the ways these fields interact to reveal new conceptions of responsibility over the social life of things. Using autoethnographic methods, this research is embedded in my personal embodied experience of moving house, with particular emphasis on the sensory and subjective elements of this process, as highlighted through photographs and descriptive vignettes. This study delves into the decisions behind whether we keep, throw away, or pass on our things, interwoven with discussions around our moral obligations to the material lifeworlds of our stuff. It explores how our possessions reflect our relationships, our heritage, and ourselves.
Cultivating Vibrant Gardens in Urban Communities: Success Factors of Community Gardens in Beijing and Shanghai
Authors: Lu Danning
Published: July 2022

Community gardens have emerged as community development initiatives with proven environmental, social, and public health benefits. While many studies evaluate the benefits of community gardens, fewer studies evaluate the success and failure of gardens, especially in China. This research uses four case studies of state-sponsored community gardens in Beijing and Shanghai to analyze social and organizational factors that help and hinder the success of community gardens. Factors impacting success are multi-faceted and interactive, and relations between residents and local government staff determine success throughout different development stages. In the design stage, the involvement of residents and their vision are important to success. In the maintenance stage, the leadership of key actors, including Residents’ Committee staff and volunteers, residents’ preparedness for self-governance, and external recognition are the most significant factors. The findings corroborate literature on factors of community gardens’ success while contributing new insights about the organization and governance of community gardens in the context of a top-down political system.
Zmiany produktywności w okresie kryzysu COVID-19 w świetle Schumpeterowskiej koncepcji kreatywnej destrukcji
Authors:   Instytut Prawa i Ekonomii, Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Szczepkowska-Flis Agnieszka , Kozłowska Anna ,   Instytut Ekonomii, Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Poznaniu
Published: July 2022

Purpose – The aim of the article is to analyse changes in labour productivity during the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of Schumpeter’s concept of creative destruction and the work of economists on the role of innovation and market selection during economic crises. Research method – In the theoretical part of the article the method of deduction was used. In the empirical layer, econometric methods (AR, ARDL models) and the evometrics were used. Results – Changes in labour productivity during the COVID-19 pandemic in an economy devoid of adaptive innovations would be subject to mechanisms of simple destruction, leading to its stagnation in the long run. Originality /value /implications /recommendations – The concept of “destruction which brings creation” provides an alternative theoretical framework for interpreting the productivity changes during the COVID-19 pandemic, opening up a promising avenue for studying the behaviour of economic systems in abnormal conditions. According to our concept, state intervention aimed at limiting the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus (lockdown) triggers innovative adaptation activities of entities leading to the transformation of processes typical for simple destruction into destruction which brings creation. In the context of our concept, a policy of promoting innovation already during the COVID-19 crisis is a necessary condition, and the inclusion of the efficiency criterion in state aid is a sufficient condition for initiating post-crisis growth.
Slow czy fast – wyzwania pandemii COVID-19 dla teorii i praktyki ekonomii
Authors:   Wydział Prawa i Nauk Społecznych, Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach, Rogowska Beata
Published: July 2022

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to present the economics of international organizations which, in the practice of economic life, directly and indirectly affect the acceleration or slowdown of the world economy in the context of the evolution of globalization to the present stage of pandemization, with the separation of the special role of the EU in this regard. Research method – The following metods were used: literature studies, secondary data analysis, and the elements of comaparitve studies.Results – The necessity to strengthen the research program of the economics of international organizations was indicated in the context of the changing and complex economic world.Originality /value /implications /recommendations – It is a voice in the discussion on the role and impor-tance of international organizations for the economic theory and its practice in the context of slowingdown and accelerating economic processes.
Autoeficacia académica y competencias genéricas en estudiantes de Educación de una universidad nacional de Lima
Authors: Muñoz Guevara Liliana A.
Published: July 2022

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la relación entre la autoeficacia académica y las competencias genéricas de los estudiantes de educación de una universidad nacional de Lima. Se tomó una muestra de 178 participantes, cifra calculada de un total de 257 estudiantes, en función a un nivel de confianza de un 95% de confianza, un error de 5%, con una variabilidad de 35,9. Bajo un enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño no experimental, correlacional, se aplicó la Escala de Autoeficacia Académica (ESSA) y el Cuestionario para la Evaluación de Competencias Genéricas. Los resultados señalaron que la correlación más alta correspondió entre la autoeficacia general y el Liderazgo (rho = .511, p = .00; η2=.26). Por otro lado, se resalta que todas las correlaciones fueron significativas, evidenciándose una relación positiva entre ambas variables. Se concluyó que existe relación entre autoeficacia académica y las competencias genéricas, es decir, los estudiantes que se consideran más eficaces, en el momento de hacer frente a las situaciones académicas, logran desarrollar este tipo de competencias.
Oftalmopatías diagnosticadas en roedores, conejos y jicoteas domésticas de La Habana, Cuba. Periodo 2007-2020
Authors: Hugues Beatriz , Torres Miguel
Published: July 2022

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue describir las afecciones oftálmicas diagnosticadas en la clínica veterinaria principal de La Habana, Cuba, entre 2007 a 2020 en el hámster dorado (Mesocricetus auratus), curieles o cuyes (Cavia porcellus), conejos (Oryctolagus cuniculus), y tortugas acuáticas (jicoteas, Trachemys decussata). La muestra quedó integrada por 528 animales (174 hámsteres dorados, 116 curieles, 72 conejos y 166 jicoteas) de variada edad y sexo. Los hámsteres fueron los más atendidos (33%,) seguidos por las jicoteas (31%), en tanto que 55% de estos animales fue hembra. El prolapso ocular fue más frecuente en los hámsteres (62/174), los curieles mostraron mayor frecuencia de blefaritis (62/116), en los conejos predominó la conjuntivitis (38/72) y en las jicoteas la blefaroconjuntivitis (151/166). Las causas principales se debieron principalmente por el deficiente sistema de crianza y el desconocimiento, que conlleva a traumatismos, accidentes, falta de higiene y peleas entre animales.
ARTISTIC ORIGINALITY OF FAIRY TALES ABOUT YERSH (RUFF) RECORDED IN KARELIA
Authors: Lyzlova Anastasiya
Published: July 2022

Handwritten and oral folklore pieces with Yersh (Ruff) as a character have been studied quite comprehensively by many researchers. This article deals with folk tales belonging to the indexed plot type number 254** “Yersh Yershovich”, which were collected in the 1930s–1940s in Karelia in all major Russian-populated areas (Zaonezhye, Pudozhye, Karelian Pomorye) and are stored at the Scientific Archives of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Only two texts have been previously published, while another five had not attracted the attention of scholars before. The largest number of folk tale variants was recorded from Pudozh-area folklore performers (F. A. Konashkov, A. M. Pashkova, A. Pavkov, A. N. Timonina, E. A. Kokunova), pointing to a local pattern in the circulation of the plot. All the folk tales recorded in Karelia are rich in dialectal vocabulary. The texts were part of the repertoire of several famous performers of bylinas (hero epics) (F. A. Konashkov, A. M. Pashkova from Pudozhye, M. E. Samylin from Zaonezhye). Almost all the folk tales have similarities with the version published in “Russian Folk Tales by A. N. Afanasiev” (No. 79), suggesting re-folklorization, as a result of which printed text subsequently lives on in an oral form. Folk tales about Yersh recorded in Karelia traditionally have a two-part structure, combining narration about fish judging Ruff and about people eating him.
THE EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF A MULTIPHASE POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM BY USING ENERGY-SAVING SHUNT ACTIVE FILTRATION STRATEGIES
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute» pr. Peremohy, 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Artemenko M.Yu. , Chopyk V.V. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Mykhalskyi V.M. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Shapoval I.A. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Polishchuk S.Y. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine
Published: July 2022

Minimizing energy losses and increasing the efficiency of a multiphase power supply system by increasing the load power factor using an active shunt filter (SAF) is analyzed. Two SAF control strategies are presented, which provide the maximum efficiency at close to the unit value of power factor or at sinusoidal symmetric currents of the power supply system with any number of phases for non-sinusoidal and asymmetric sources, nonlinear and asymmetric load, and the arbitrary ratio of the resistance of linear and neutral wires. It is shown that the use of direct information about the EMF of a multiphase source as a reference vector of the desired transmission line current does not improve the achieved result of efficiency maximization. A virtual experiment obtained and verified the formula for calculating the efficiency of a multiphase power supply system with an arbitrary load in the form of dependence on load factor and power factor. The power supply system's power factor was determined and experimentally confirmed when applying the SAF strategy to form sinusoidal symmetric currents of a multiphase source. References 10, figures 5.
Assignment of the spin and parity to the excited states of the (85-86)^Rb nuclei
Authors: Singh Anuj , Kumar S. , ' Neelam , Mandal S. K. , Kumar Naveen , Saha S. , Sethi J. , Trivedi T. , Chutani H. , Goyal M.
Published: July 2022

Background: The isotopes of Rb (Z=37) are one proton away from semi-magic (Z=38) proton number and deficits the characteristic of a spherical nucleus. In the 85,86Rb nuclei, the γ-ray spectroscopy are already performed and given an indication of Magnetic Rotation (MR) which usually observed in nearly spherical nuclei. The angular correlation measurements were used to find the spin and parity of the states.Purpose: To confirm the spin and parity of the states in both the nuclei using Directional Correlation of Oriented (DCO) states ratio and polarization asymmetry (Δ) measurements.Methods: The excited states of the 85,86Rb nuclei were populated via the 76Ge(13C,p3n/p2n) reaction at a beam energy of 45 MeV. The γ-rays emitted from the excited states were detected using Indian National Gamma Array (INGA) spectrometer at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai India.Results: The values of the DCO states ratio and polarization asymmetry (Δ) were obtained and utilized to confirm the spin-parity of the states in the 85,86Rb nuclei. The polarization asymmetry (Δ) values were obtained for the first time using Compton-suppressed clover detectors.Conclusions: In 85Rb, the spin and parity of 3491.1-, 4135.4-, 4757.2- and 5419.3 keV levelsare confirmed and for the 5312.2-, 5611.8 and 6335.9 keV states, only the spin is established. The mul-tipolarity assignment of the 224.3-, 331.5-, 732.8-, 778.1-, 865.4-, 973.5-, 1002.4-,1427.5-, 1453.7-, 1598.2-, 1814.1- and 1881.5 keV γ-ray transitions allowed to confirm the spinand parity of most of the levels above the 6- isomer in 86Rb.
Revisiting Macro-microscopic Mass Formula using Atomic Mass Evaluation-2020 Data
Authors: . Swapna , Sastri O.S.K.S.
Published: July 2022

Background: The macro-microscopic model has been succesful in nuclear mass predictionsand in obtaining various other properties of nuclear and nucleon matter. The present statusof generalised liquid drop model (GLDM) has been based on atomic mass evaluation (AME)-2003 data.Purpose: In this work, the co-efficients of most efficient mass formulae from Royer et.al.,have been re-optimised for 2451 selected nuclei from AME-2020 data.Methods: The root mean squared deviation (RMS) is minimized to optimize seven modelparameters that correspond to various terms in the nuclear binding energy that come inpowers of mass number A and square of relative neutron excess I = N −Z/A .Results: The RMS between the theoretical and experimental binding energies has beenobtained as 0.65 using both the formulae.Conclusions: The best possible formula for nuclear binding energy has been obtained usingAME-2020 data and it needs to be seen how this would effect the various nuclear propertiesand predictions.
Подолання екзистенційних криз на шляху до щастя: метаантропологічний підхід
Authors: Сіра Лариса
Published: July 2022

У статті досліджуються екзистенційні кризи та їх подолання на шляху до щастя у парадигмі метаантропології. Розглядаються види екзистенційних вимірів як рух від буденного буття людини до граничного та метаграничного буття. Виявлено, що подолання екзистенційних криз є складовою трансформацією свідомості людини, що веде до особистісного та духовного зростання, робиться висновок про важливість їх проходження. У статті описані причини виникнення криз та алгоритми рішень. Виявлена закономірність у подоланні екзистенційних криз для набуття щастя. На основі метаантропологічної парадигми авторами встановлено, що екзистенційні кризи поділяються на три рівні; поверхнева криза для буденних людей зі ″сплячою″ свідомістю, криза на межі, що вимагає високої напруги, та виводить на духовний і особистісний план буття і метаграничний, що веде до усвідомленості, об'єднання, співтворчості та любові.

Мета статті полягає у поясненні причин виникнення екзистенційних криз та важливості їх подолання. Встановлено, що щастя безпосередньо залежить від подолання екзистенційних рівнів.

Методи. У статті використовується аналіз наукових праць згідно теми; плідною виявилася концепція людської екзистенції С. К’єркеґора, персоналістична методологія М. Бердяєва, методологія гуманістичного психоаналізу Е. Фромма, цікавий оптимістичнй підхід Д. Мерфі, методологічний потенціал філософської антропології як метаантропології Н. Хамітова, за допомогою якої екзистенційні кризи розглядаються в буденному, граничному та метаграничному вимірах буття. В контексті метаантропологічного підходу, плідним став концепт «одномірної людини» Г. Маркузе для осмислення екзистенційних криз та щастя в бутті людини буденного виміру буття, також з'ясовано, що антропологія як метаантропологія в соціогуманітарному знанні розкриває екзистенційні виміри та представляє різні шляхи розвитку.

Новизна статті полягає у евристично цінному підході метаантропології, завдяки якому були розглянуті види екзистенційних вимірів як рух від буденного буття людини до граничного та метаграничного буття, з урахуванням трансформації екзистенційних криз.

Висновки. Мультиметодологічний підхід дозволяє пояснити залежність екзистенційних рівнів людського буття з екзистенційними кризами, закономірність їх розвитку та шляхи їх подолання. Встановлено, що долаючи екзистенційні кризи, людина має можливість перейти на більш високий, усвідомлений рівень буття та відчути вищий рівень щастя. Завдяки проходженню екзистенційних криз людина має можливість усвідомити себе як особистість та жити у стані співтворчості та любові.
Динаміка політичних криз: управлінсько-технологічний вимір
Authors: Ставченко Сергій
Published: July 2022

Метою дослідження є розкриття управлінсько-технологічного змісту динамічного аспекту політичних криз в умовах демократичного процесу. Дослідження ґрунтується на застосуванні постулатів системного і синегретичного підходів. Розкрито процесуально-динамічні особливості управління політичною кризою в умовах демократичних політичних систем. Виділено етапи розгортання кризової ситуації в контексті розвитку демократичної політичної системи: 1) продромальний, коли в надрах політичної стабільності визрівають передумови майбутньої кризи, яка ще непомітна, проте знижується активність, гальмується оновлення, наростають негативні приховані тенденції, тобто накопичується ентропія, дезорганізаційні, хаотичні тенденції; 2) маніфестативний, коли відбувається швидке загострення всіх протиріч, погіршення показників соціальної динаміки, активізація основних кризових процесів, які заходилися на попередньому етапі у сплячому режимі, накопичення руйнівних сил, порушується нормальне функціонування соціальних (політичних) інститутів, реалізується процес деінституціоналізації тощо; 3) кульмінаційний, коли спостерігається спад розвитку політичної системи, дисфункціональні процеси досягають пікових значень, відбувається розшарування населення за типом політичної активності; 4) санаційний, коли виникають можливості виходу із кризи, відбувається пом’якшення кризових процесів. Доведено, що на кожному етапі утворюється власний тип політичної ситуації: на продромальному етапі формується передкризова політична ситуація, яка характеризується припиненням темпів зростання добробуту населення, появою кризових елементів і передумов у різних сферах суспільного життя; на маніфестативному етапі утворюється кризова ситуація, яка характеризується зниженням рівня добробуту населення, наростанням дисфункціональності соціальних інститутів; на кульмінаційному етапі кризова ситуація трансформується в стабілізовану кризову ситуацію, яка характеризується припиненням зниження рівня добробуту населення, з’являються тенденції до пожвавлення в різних сферах суспільного життя; на санаційному етапі складається післякризова ситуація, на тлі якої успішно реалізуються стратегії виходу з політичної кризи.
Relation between testosterone, cortisol and aggressive behavior in humans
Authors: Pante Marina , Rysdik Andreo , Krimberg Júlia Schneider , Almeida Rosa Maria Martins de
Published: July 2022

Aggression is an evolutionary behavior as it has a role in survival, increasing one’s access to food, shelter, status and reproduction. Testosterone and Cortisol are hormones often linked to aggressive behavior. We gathered and organized data from the last five years on the relation among Testosterone, Cortisol and aggression, while assessing the methods used by those scientific papers. A systematic review was made according to PRISMA guidelines. The search for indexed articles was performed in January 2019 using the keywords aggress* AND Testosterone AND Cortisol in three databases: Web of Science, SCOPUS and PsycInfo. The specific role of Testosterone and Cortisol in aggressive behavior is not unanimous. However, most articles found either an increase in Testosterone or a decrease in Cortisol associated with this behavior. There is the need for standardizing methods of triggering and assessing aggressive behavior, taking into account the assessment of social desirability and its impacts.
Ulcera Vulvar Recurrente
Authors: Wedel Karen , Villalobos Mariana , Molina Sylvia , Goyenaga Pablo
Published: July 2022

La tuberculosis (TB) es una de las enfermedades más antiguas que ha afectado a seres humanos y es una causa importante de muerte a nivel mundial. La tuberculosis es una enfermedad frecuente en nuestro país cuya incidencia ha aumentado a través de los años debido a las migraciones poblacionales, deterioro de las condiciones económicas, tratamientos inmunosupresores y aumento en la incidencia de pacientes VIH positivos.

 

Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 27 años con diagnóstico previo de quiste de Bartholino recurrente, posteriormente diagnosticada con Granuloma vulvar persistente con formación de fistula y lesión verrugosa al tacto rectal, finalmente se diagnostica con TB intestinal con fistula en vulva.

 

La TB intestinal es un reto diagnóstico ya que carece de manifestaciones clínicas y analíticas específicas.  Además, las lesiones endoscópicas son muy parecidas a las de otras enfermedades más frecuentes, como la enfermedad de Crohn. En el caso de esta paciente fue necesario un equipo interdisciplinario y múltiples estudios para lograr un diagnóstico certero. Sin duda un reto diagnóstico.
Percepción del ambiente educacional en la Especialidad en Medicina Legal de la Universidad de Costa Rica.
Authors: Flores Sandí Grettchen
Published: July 2022

La influencia directa del ambiente educacional en el rendimiento de estudiantes de especialidades médicas incide en su desempeño y la calidad de atención que brindan, por lo que se han desarrollado instrumentos para evaluarlo objetivando fortalezas y debilidades específicas que permitan, de ser necesario, reconducir políticas académicas, lo que resulta relevante en sistemas de gestión de calidad y en procesos de acreditación. Objetivo: Determinar aspectos negativos en la percepción del ambiente educacional de los residentes de medicina legal del Programa de Posgrado en Especialidades Médico Forenses de la Universidad de Costa Rica, como insumo para establecer un plan estratégico universitario con opciones de mejora. Material y Método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y cuantitativo, de corte transversal. La población fueron los médicos residentes del Programa de Posgrado en Medicina Legal. Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad, sexo, ambiente educacional y semestre de residencia. Para la medición del ambiente educacional se utilizó el cuestionario Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment Measure en su traducción al castellano, que permite evaluar simultáneamente tres dominios de percepción: autonomía, enseñanza y soporte social; su aplicación se realizó en enero de 2020, fue autoadministrada, voluntaria y anónima. En el análisis se calcularon frecuencias absolutas y relativas, y medias y desviación estándar de los ítemes y dominios, así como el puntaje global. Resultados: Participó la población total de médicos residentes, 62.5% mujeres y 37.5% hombres, 75% de ellos con edades entre el rango de 25 y 30 años. Su percepción del ambiente educacional fue excelente en términos globales, con una percepción positiva de autonomía, calidad de enseñanza y un ambiente bueno y apoyador, aunque se identificaron aspectos de los tres dominios que requieren corrección, obteniendo puntajes más bajos en todos los dominios en el grupo de segundo semestre que fue precisamente el de menor rendimiento. Discusión: La identificación de aspectos a corregir requiere seguimiento y periodicidad por ser aplicable e interpretable en un espacio tiempo determinado. De acuerdo con los resultados, la percepción de autonomía podría mejorar con la existencia de un manual instructivo para médicos residentes de primer ingreso, que incluya aspectos universitarios que deban conocer. Mejorar la percepción de la enseñanza requiere involucrar a los docentes, para identificar coincidencias e inconvenientes de la función docente y generar alternativas de mejora, que repercutan también en el soporte social. Conclusión: Este estudio permitió identificar aspectos deficientes en el ambiente educacional de este programa de posgrado, la mayoría de ellos ubicados en la percepción de la enseñanza, que requieren implementar un plan de gestión universitaria a corto, mediano y largo plazo, que debe ser continuo.
Nefrolitiasis: Una revisión actualizada
Authors: Herrera Muñoz Alvaro Adolfo , Soto Chaves Génesis María , Álvarez Cedeño Nicole Andrea , Jimenez Salazar Reynor , Morelli Martínez Isabel Esther , Ruíz Salgado Eduardo David , Cedeño Valeria Salazar
Published: July 2022

Los cálculos renales son concreciones de diferentes sales minerales incorporadas en una matriz orgánica, que se originan en el riñón o en las vías urinarias superiores. Existen diferentes tipos según su componente principal, siendo los cálcicos los de mayor prevalencia. La incidencia es mayor en hombres de edad media y tienen un alto riesgo de recurrencia. Entre los factores de riesgo más importantes están las alteraciones en la concentración urinaria de minerales, el síndrome metabólico y el bajo consumo de agua. La tríada clásica de dolor, hematuria y bacteriuria constituye la manifestación clínica más frecuente; sin embargo, la mayoría de los casos son asintomáticos. El gold standard para el diagnóstico es la tomografía axial computarizada (TAC) sin medio de contraste. Respecto al tratamiento, este incluye el abordaje farmacológico con antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINEs) y manejo quirúrgico según el tipo de lito. Entre las complicaciones más importantes están la insuficiencia renal aguda (IRA) y la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC), las cuales provocan importante morbimortalidad; por lo cual su prevención mediante una correcta hidratación, dieta hiposódica, reducción del consumo de proteína animal y el consumo normal de calcio es de vital importancia.
Espondilodiscitis piógena asociada a compresión medular: reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: López Sáenz José Gerardo , Leandro Sandí Verónica
Published: July 2022

Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 55 años, portadora de hipertensión arterial crónica y asma bronquial, quien consultó por un cuadro agudo de debilidad asociado a déficit sensitivo en miembros inferiores. Se le realizaron estudios de imágenes, además de biopsia y cultivo de disco y cuerpo vertebral y se documentó síndrome de compresión medular secundario a espondilodiscitis infecciosa.
Las Enfermedades Reumáticas como Factor de Riesgo en el Desarrollo de la Leucoencefalopatía Multifocal Progresiva
Authors: Calderón Valverde Gabriel , Contreras Raquel Salas , Quesada Carlos Sequeira
Published: July 2022

La Leucoencefalopatía multifocal progresiva, a causa de la activación por la infección del virus JC, es una patología clásicamente asociada a factores de riesgo como la infección por VIH, las neoplasias hematológicas y los pacientes con inmunosupresión.

No obstante, recientemente, se han podido identificar a las enfermedades reumáticas como un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de dicha condición. Entre todas las enfermedades reumáticas, el Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico destaca notoriamente por su mayor asociación, la cual no parece encontrarse vinculada al tratamiento inmunosupresor sino a características inherentes a la enfermedad.
Rol del Staphylococcus aureus en la patogénesis del Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico
Authors: Calderón Valverde Gabriel , Fallas Daniel Casares
Published: July 2022

La patogénesis de las enfermedades autoinmunes, entre ellas el Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico, implica una compleja interrelación multifactorial difícil de elucidar. Múltiples agentes infecciosos han sido vinculados en la ecuación, no obstante, no existe causante concreto asociado al desarrollo del Lupus. El rol del Staphylococcus aureus en la gestación de la desregulación inmunológica del Lupus es enigmático, sin embargo, existe evidencia que correlaciona sus superantígenos bacterianos con reacciones inmunológicas similares al Lupus; similarmente, aquellos pacientes con diagnóstico previo de Lupus, colonizados por dicho agente, presentan un fenotipo de la enfermedad asociado a mayores manifestaciones renales, cutáneas y articulares que asocian una mayor gama de seropositividad por distintos anticuerpos.
SÍNDROME DE OGILVIE
Authors: Rockbrand Campos Leyla Priscilla , Araya Castillo Paulina , Carrillo Chavarria Alberto , Carrillo Chavarria Alberto
Published: July 2022

El síndrome de Ogilvie describe una pseudo-oclusión colónica aguda, que su fisiopatología aun es incomprendida. Esta patología consiste en una distensión de una porción o la totalidad del colon y el recto en ausencia de obstrucción mecánica intrínseca o extrínseca. Esta patología puede evolucionar hacia la isquemia y perforación del colon, por lo que su sospecha clínica es de alta importancia. La presente revisión del síndrome de Ogilvie permite orientar a la comunidad médica con la evidencia más reciente a diagnosticar y manejar esta patología, evitando sus complicaciones. Su diagnóstico debe ser oportuno y temprano, es realizado por medio de la combinación entre las manifestaciones clínicas y estudios radiológicos, siempre descartando otras posibilidades diagnosticas. El tratamiento inicial debe ser de una forma conservadora, si el paciente no presenta mejoría clínica se debe analizar otras medidas terapéuticas; tales como el tratamiento farmacológico, descompresión endoscópica y por último o en caso de complicaciones la intervención quirúrgica.
Manejo del hiperparatiroidismo en el Paciente Postransplante Renal: Cinacalcet versus Paratiroidectomía. Revisión de la Literatura
Authors: Arley Vargas Diego Armando
Published: July 2022

El hiperparatiroidismo posterior a trasplante renal es una entidad prevalente en esta población, genera un efecto negativo sobre el injerto renal, presentando un mayor riesgo de disfunción del injerto, además le confiere riesgo de fractura, de calcificación vascular y mortalidad; el manejo adecuado de esta entidad es imperativo para minimizar los efectos secundarios. La paratiroidectomía genera una disminución documentada del 25% de la tasa de filtración glomerular basal en las diferentes series revisadas. Sobre la sobrevida del injerto la evidencia es contradictoria, algunos estudios indican que genera una disminución de la sobrevida del injerto, mientras que, en otras series no se documenta alteración de la sobrevida del trasplante. Parece ser el método tradicional más efectivo para el control de la paratohormona y calcio. El manejo farmacológico con cinacalcet impresiona presentarse como una alternativa adecuada en el manejo de la hipercalcemia por el hiperparatiroidismo sin adenoma documentado, logra un adecuado control del calcio, sin embargo, no es tan adecuado para el control de la paratohormona, no hay alteración propuesta sobre la función renal o sobrevida del injerto. Por tanto, impresiona que se debería considerar el manejo farmacológico en los pacientes con hiperparatiroidismo pos trasplante renal, al menos por un año, y reservar la paratiroidectomía solo en aquellos casos con adenoma documentado o con falla al tratamiento con cinacalcet.
Activity of meropenem-vaborbactam against different beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates in Iran
Authors: Amereh Samira , Kelishomi Fatemeh Zeynali , Ghayaz Fatemeh , Javadi Amir , Peymani Amir , Fardsanei Fatemeh , Aali Ehsan , Nikkhahi Farhad
Published: July 2022

We evaluated the activity of meropenem-vaborbactam against different beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates. In our study antibiotic susceptibility testing, double disk synergy test, modified Hodge test were applied. Detection of ESBL, AmpC, and carbapenemase genes was performed by PCR. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis was done on OXA-48 producing K. pneumoniae strains. Our results showed that among E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, 41.1% and 40% of strains produced ESBL, respectively. Additionally, the prevalence of AmpC producing K. pneumoniae and E. coli was 4% and 45.5%, respectively. Altogether 64.2% of K. pneumoniae strains and one E. coli isolate produced carbapenemase. Among OXA-48 producing K. pneumoniae strains ST3500 and ST2528 were detected by MLST. Based on the phenotypic results of this study, vaborbactam was an effective inhibitor on the third-generation cephalosporin-resistant isolates (P < 0.0001). Meropenem-vaborbactam combination had the highest efficacy on KPC producing strains, and it had limited activity on isolates producing OXA-48 type beta-lactamases, whereas no effect was observed on NDM-1 producing isolates. Our study provided valuable information regarding the vaborbactam inhibitory effect on β-lactamase-producing strains.
The teacher's role in enhancing higher education students' self-regulation: An interview study in Hungary's higher education
Authors: Castillo Sindy J.
Published: July 2022

In higher education, students are expected to take responsibility for their own learning with little or no help from their teachers. Even though the teacher is a key element in the learning process, there is limited information on higher education students' way of taking charge of their own learning and the agency of the teacher that could influence this process. This paper intends to investigate this gap in the literature by conducting a semi-structured interview study. The interviews were conducted with ten English major students from a Hungarian university. The research was based on two main objectives: (1) to obtain an overview of higher education students' self-regulation (SR); (2) to explore their views on the teacher's influence on their SR process. The data retrieved from the interviews were analyzed using the Templates of Organizing Style (TOS). The results suggest that higher education students use cognitive, metacognitive, and behavioral strategies in order to self-regulate and that there are some personality and professional aspects (e.g., being likable or providing constant, meaningful feedback) of the teacher that can either enhance or hinder students' SR process. The findings also indicate that between these two aspects, the teacher's personality plays a more influential role in students' SR. This can have important implications in the way higher education students' self-regulation is perceived as well as the way teachers prepare for a lesson and behave in a class.
Myanmar English majors' perceptions of learner autonomy in Learning English at tertiary level
Authors: Win Cho Cho
Published: July 2022

Autonomous language learning has drawn many researchers' attention in the field of language teaching and learning due to its relevance to the current education context. Consequently, research on autonomous behaviors of learners in learning English inside and outside the classroom has been remarkably relevant with a view to fostering autonomy in English as a foreign language (EFL) classes. As this area of second language acquisition (SLA) constitutes a niche in the Myanmar EFL context, the aim of this paper is to fill this niche by conducting a quantitative replication study to investigate Myanmar EFL learners' autonomous behaviors. The original questionnaire by Spratt et al. (2002) was adapted and administered online. A total of 60 first-year and second-year English specialization students from a Myanmar university participated in the study. The results showed that learners appear to view their teachers as more responsible for in-class learning and themselves for outside or private learning, and they demonstrated surprisingly little autonomy inside the classroom. Their level of autonomy outside the classroom was significantly higher; however, it still approximated the lower end of the Likert scale, which is indicative of the need to foster learner autonomy in the context investigated. At the same time, the results have raised a need for further research in the same context on the focus of the study and its possibly related aspects impacted by culture, prescribed curricula, etc.
Idealizing a Dichotomy between Islam and Sharī‘ah: the Orientalist and Missiological Stereotype
Authors: Abulazeez Muhammad Ahmad
Published: July 2022

The contacts between civilizations and struggle for domination are parts of human historical facts. Religion is seen as a major denominator in tracing cultural and traditional identity of a given community of people. Objective accounts of these contacts establish the tendency of collaborative orientalist and missiological prejudices separating Islam from Sharī‘ah through treatises and media misrepresentations. This study uses a qualitative approach by applying analytical and descriptive methods through the use of documentary evidence and literary works. Ideological prejudices and constructs against Islam and its law; Sharī‘ah are identified. Both enthusiasts and rejectionists of the two wings of the proverbial birds of orientalism and missionary evangelism reveals that the good image of Islam and Sharī‘ah is the consistent target, hence its distortion. It is submitted that hate authorship should be discountenanced to afford harmonious and peaceful co-existence among major faith-based adherents.
Capital Structure Impact on Classical and Islamic Banks Profitability: Evidence from Moroccan Context
Authors: Lachaari Mohamed , Benmahane Mustapha
Published: July 2022

The focus of this paper is to clarify how capital structure affects Moroccan banks profitability and to answer the question about the impact of the participative banks introducing into the Moroccan banking system on bank’s profitability. Thus, the sample concerns, on one hand, data from 2007 until 2018 about the most important Moroccan banks regarding their market share and the collected data is analyzed using OLS regression. Therefore, in this work we introduce the participative banks data into the model to see how it behaves. Our findings show an increasing relationship between banks profitability and debt ratio with acceptable indicators. Therefore, leverage would be preferable to equity under study’s specific conditions, which means that bank’s profitability is generally related to bank’s capital structure. Although, when participative banks data are included we observe capital structure has no important effect on banks profitability in spite of the fact that the model is still significant.
Integrating Green Sukuk and Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk, the Blended Islamic Finance of Fiscal Instrument in Indonesia: A Proposed Model for Fighting Climate Change
Authors: Musari Khairunnisa
Published: July 2022

Indonesia is the first global and retail sovereign Green Sukuk issuer in the world. Since its first issuance in 2018, Green Sukuk for four years has been issued seven times to finance and/or refinance the projects/programs of Eligible Green Sectors. Then, in order to support the development of social investment and productive waqf, the Government of Indonesia (GoI) also issues Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk (CWLS) by blending Islamic finance and impact investing for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). CWLS is the first blended Islamic finance for the fiscal instrument in Indonesia which integrates Islamic commercial finance and Islamic social finance. In order to tackle climate change, this study promotes the integration between Green Sukuk and CWLS as well as adopting the Esham concept toward Perpetual Green CWLS as a new green financing alternative. This collaboration can be an innovative one in the future as a fiscal funding source to fight climate change which today becomes the development agenda priority in line with the intensified intension of extraordinary weather. Absolutely, climate change has brought a high-cost impact on vulnerable and low-income people. Along with efforts to the SDGs and Paris Agreement targets achievement, a financing gap holds in the route to tackle climate change. Therefore, by using a literature study on the best practice of Green Sukuk and CWLS in publications mainly sourced from the Ministry of Finance (MoF) Republic of Indonesia, this conceptual paper focuses on three issues, namely: (1) Describing Indonesia's sovereign Green Sukuk; (2) Describing the CWLS; (3) Explaining a proposed Perpetual Green CWLS as Islamic green financing alternative.