bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological and clinical features of measles on the example of an outbreak in the Penza region
Authors: Kurmaeva J. Yu. , Afonin A. V. , Rybalkin S. B. , Melnikov V. L. , Nikolskaya M. V.
Published: September 2024

Currently, many countries around the world, including Russia, are experiencing an increase in measles morbidity. One of the reasons for this rise is a decrease in the number of vaccinated persons and violation of vaccination schemes. Aim of the study was to investigate of epidemiologic and clinical features of the disease during the measles outbreak in Penza Oblast in 2023. Material and Methods. A retrospective analysis of 73 medical records of patients during the outbreak of the disease in the village of Srednaya Elyuzan, Penza region, in 2023 was performed. The diagnosis was confirmed by detection of specific marker (IgM) in the blood by ELISA. Results and discussion. There were 67 children and 6 adults among those who fell ill. Outpatient treatment was provided to 36 persons, and 37 children were hospitalized. Among the children who contracted measles, 63 children were not immunized against measles, 59 of them due to parents’ refusal to immunize them. In all patients, measles was characterized by typical clinical manifestations. Moderate forms of the disease were detected in 43 children and 6 adults (67.1 %), mild – in 24 (32.9 %) children. Conclusions. A characteristic feature of this disease was the presence of more pronounced symptoms and a longer catarrhal period in older children. Thanks to timely preventive and anti-epidemiological measures, the outbreak was localized and further spread of the infection was prevented. Given the repeated possibility of outbreaks, it is necessary to improve vaccine prevention.
Interactive Effects of Boron and Molybdenum on Nodulation, Growth and Yield of Cowpea under South Gujarat Condition
Authors: Rathod Hetal R. , Kaswala A.R. , Vashi J.M. , Patel N.K. , Intwala C.G. , Patel Himani B.
Published: September 2024

Background: Cowpea seeds are nutritious component of human diet and being a legume crop, it also improves the soil fertility by increasing the amount of nitrogen in the soil through symbiotic nitrogen fixation. To study the effect of boron and molybdenum on nodulation, growth and yield of cowpea the field experiment was conducted at the Regional Horticultural Research Station, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat, India, during summer season of 2019 and 2021. Methods: The experiment was carried out in a factorial randomized block design with 3 replications. Factor-1 consisted of four levels of seed treatments with molybdenum at 2 mg/l (M1), 4 mg/l (M2), 6 mg/l (M3) for 24 hours prior to sowing including control (M0), where as the second factor was consisted of four levels of boron (B) spray at 2 mg/l (B1), 4 mg/l (B2), 6 mg/l (B3) and control at 30 DAS, 45 DAS and 60 DAS with control. Boron was applied in the form of Boric acid and Molybdenum as ammonium molybdate. Result: The treatment combination of seed treatment of molybdenum @ 2 mg/ l with foliar spray of boron @ 4 mg/ l at 30, 45 and 60 DAS (M1B2) has significantly influenced yield parameters and registered maximum number of clusters per plant (6.50), green pod yield per plant (0.153 kg), green pod yield per net plot (3.98 kg), green pod yield per hectare (12.27 tonne). Seed treatment with different levels of molybdenum has significantly influenced nodulation in cowpea and recorded maximum number of nodules per plant (31.69 at final harvest) and fresh nodule weight (0.230 g/plant) in seed treatment of molybdenum @ 2 mg/ l (M2) among all the treatments at final harvest during all the years of study, including pooled analysis.
Comparison of Production Performance, Slaughtering Performance and Meat Quality of Qinghai Plateau-Type Yaks of Different Months of Age
Authors: Gou Fa-Jie , Han Yin-Cang , Sun Yong-Gang , DuoJie Suo-Nan , Ding Wei-Qin , Jin Sheng-Wei , Liu Ya-Qian
Published: September 2024

Background: Research and development in animal husbandry is receiving increasing attention as society continues to develop and as consumer awareness of the nutritional value of livestock products, information about their sources and the importance of production systems and environmental impacts increases. In this context, research on the production performance, slaughtering performance and meat quality of Qinghai plateau-type yak, as a rare and important livestock resource, has become essential and the market demand for high-quality yak meat products has increased significantly. Methods: 10 yaks of 3, 4 and 5 months of age were selected at the same feeding level and 3 yaks of different months of age were randomly selected for slaughtering to determine the routine performance and meat quality and to evaluate them. Result: The results showed that the pH of Qinghai Plateau-type yak meat differed significantly (P less than 0.05) among yaks of different ages. There was a significant difference in the ash content of the longest dorsal muscle of yaks with increasing months of age (P less than 0.05) and the water content of yak meat at 5 months of age decreased significantly (P less than 0.05). The difference in arm triceps muscle was more significant (P less than 0.05) in yaks of different months of age. There was no significant difference (P greater than 0.05) in drip loss rate and moisture content of other parts of different months of age.
Inhibition of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection in whiteleg shrimp reared in a biofloc system with different volumes
Authors: Bako Surandha , Widanarni Widanarni , Ekasari Julie , Yuhana Munti
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the inhibition of V. parahaemolyticus infection in the whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) reared in different volumes of biofloc system. Post-larval shrimp with an average body weight of 0.28 ± 0.01 g were reared in 15 aquariums with working volume of 33.3 L and stocking density of 3 shrimp per liter. The shrimp were reared for 21 days in a biofloc system (C:N ratio of 10) with biofloc volume of 5, 10, and 15 mL/L, and challenged with V. parahaemolyticus at a density of 103 CFU/mL initially. The positive control treatment involved shrimp reared without biofloc and challenged, while the negative control treatment involved shrimp reared without biofloc and without challenged. The shrimp was fed with commercial feed while the protein content of 39-40% four times a day. The results showed that the presumptive Vibrio count (PVC) and the population of V. parahaemolyticus in the biofloc treatments were significantly lower than the positive control (p<0.05). Furthermore, the biofloc treatment with a volume of 15 mL/L demonstrated the best results compared to other treatments in decreasing PVC and V. parahaemolyticus population as evidenced by the immune response, survival rate, and growth performance of whiteleg shrimp.
 
Keywords: biofloc, immune response, Penaeus vannamei, Vibrio parahaemolyticus
 
ABSTRAK
 
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penghambatan infeksi V. parahaemolyticus pada udang vaname (Penaeus vannamei) yang dipelihara dalam sistem bioflok dengan volume yang berbeda. Post-larvae udang dengan bobot tubuh rata-rata 0,28 ± 0,01 g dipelihara dalam 15 akuarium dengan volume kerja 33.3 L dan padat tebar 3 udang per liter. Udang dipelihara selama 21 hari dalam sistem bioflok (rasio C:N 10) dengan volume bioflok 5, 10, dan 15 mL/L, dan diuji tantang dengan V. parahaemolyticus pada kepadatan awal 103 CFU/mL. Perlakuan kontrol positif melibatkan udang yang dipelihara tanpa bioflok dan diuji tantang, sementara perlakuan kontrol negatif melibatkan udang yang dipelihara tanpa bioflok dan tanpa diuji tantang. Udang diberi pakan komersial dengan kandungan protein 39-40% empat kali sehari. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa presumptive Vibrio count (PVC) dan populasi V. parahaemolyticus dalam perlakuan bioflok signifikan lebih rendah daripada kontrol positif (p<0,05). Selain itu, perlakuan bioflok dengan volume 15 mL/L menunjukkan hasil terbaik dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lain dalam menurunkan PVC dan populasi V. parahaemolyticus sebagaimana dibuktikan oleh respons imun, tingkat kelangsungan hidup, dan kinerja pertumbuhan udang vaname.
 
Kata kunci: bioflok, Penaeus vanname, respons imun, Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Examining Users’ Assessment of Indigenous Beliefs and Practices of Alternative Medicine in Nde Division, Cameroon
Authors: Ndeloa Dremoh
Published: August 2024

Despite the prevalence of conventional medical services, alternative medicine (AM) remains a vital component of healthcare-seeking choices in many communities across Africa The persistence of indigenous beliefs and practices in healthcare decisions among the population of Nde Division, Cameroon, despite the availability of conventional Western medicine, poses a complex challenge for healthcare providers seeking to deliver effective and culturally sensitive care. This study addresses the phenomenon by exploring the role of indigenous beliefs and practices in shaping healthcare choices, using a mixed-methods approach, which combines questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Questionnaire findings reveal a significant reliance on alternative medicine, with 79.59% of participants who believe in the efficacy of Indigenous healing traditions and 80% from the semi-structured interviews, who use alternative medicine due to cultural and spiritual beliefs. The strong reliance on AM is also influenced by economic, social, cultural, and individual factors. Concerns around the safety and efficacy of AM highlight the need for more education, regulation, and integration with conventional healthcare, ultimately informing the development of culturally sensitive healthcare approaches.
A Curve Symbol on the Maxillary First (Third) Premolar (P3) in Hominins
Authors: Yamada Hiroyuki
Published: September 2024

The degree of curvature of the maxillary first premolars when viewed from the occlusal plane was examined. Curvature at the transition between the buccal and adjacent surfaces is a known characteristic of left-right differences. In general, the curvature characteristics of the teeth of modern humans are more acute in the mesial than in the distal. However, this characteristic appears reversed only in the maxillary first premolars. This study investigated when and how the maxillary first premolars reverse curvature emerged in human evolution. The results showed that the occurrence of reversal curvature in the maxillary first premolars was caused by the weakening of the buccal ridge and the shift of this ridge to the distal, as well as the development of the distobuccal area of tooth crown, which has occurred since the time of the present. The P3 curvature seen in modern humans is thought to be a fairly new trait acquired during human evolution.
Prognostic Factors of Adverse Events in Acute Heart Failure in Older Adults
Authors: Paganelli Franck
Published: August 2024

Objective: Acute heart failure (AHF) is a severe and prevalent disease, especially in older adults. The primary objective of our study was to identify the impact of geriatric factors on adverse events (increased length of hospitalization, death during hospitalization, or transfer to another acute unit) during hospitalization for AHF. The second objective was to identify the impact of geriatric factors on not returning home after hospitalization. Methods: In this retrospective multicenter study in France, older adults ≥ 75 years old hospitalized in 4 different acute geriatric units in Marseille for AHF from January 2018 to December 2019 were included. All the included patients were identified according to the Program for Medicalization of Information Systems (PMSI) coding, with the main diagnosis of AHF being referred to as the “principal diagnosis”. Results: A total of 187 patients with AHF were included. The mean age was 88.2 years (± 5.5), and 69.5% were women. The death rate was 9.6%, and the length of stay was increased for 41.7% of patients. In multivariate analysis, adverse events significantly increased in patients with functional impairment and bedsores. The odds of an unfavorable follow-up after hospitalization significantly increased in patients with mood disorders and functional impairment. Conclusion: Our study highlighted functional impairment, mood disorders, and bedsores as factors that impacted adverse events and unfavorable follow-up after hospitalization in patients managed for AHF. These geriatric domains should be considered in the management of AHF to improve survival, functional status, and the number of older patients who return home after hospitalization.
PONDOK PESANTREN MODERN NURUSSALAM: SEJARAH PERKEMBANGAN DAN KONTRIBUSINYA DI DESA SIDOGEDE 1995-2022 M)
Authors: Faizah Nurul , Suriana Sri , Padila Padila
Published: September 2024

Permasalahan  dalam  penelitian  ini  terbagi  menjadi  2  (dua)  yaitu: 1) Bagaimana sejarah perkembangan Pondok Pesantren Modern Nurussalam di desa Sidogede? 2) Apa saja kontribusi Pondok Pesantren Modern Nurussalam terhadap masyarakat di desa Sidogede?. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif yakni jenis penelitian lapangan, dengan jenis deskriptif kualitatif dan menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi.  Hasil dari penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa : 1) Pondok Pesantren Modern Nurussalam  didirikan pada tahun 1416 H/1995 M oleh KH. Drs. Makinuddin. Pondok Pesantren Modern Nurussalam mengalami perkembangan dari berbagai aspek yang meliputi keadaan santri, keadaan guru, keadaan kurikulum dan keadaan sarana dan prasarana.  2) kontribusi Pondok Pesantren Modern Nurussalam terhadap masyarakat desa Sidogede meliputi bidang pendidikan, bidang keagamaan, bidang sosial dan ekonomi
RADEN ABDUL HABIB :HISTORIOGRAFI KESULTANAN PALEMBANG DARUSSALAM TAHUN 1848-1926 M
Authors: Kemas Muchtar Perdana Putra
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini berusaha menganalisis unsur kontribusi Raden Abdul Habib dalam historiografi kesultanan Palembang Darussalam pada tahun 1264-1345 H. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini menitik beratkan pada bagaimana kontribusi Raden Abdul Habib dalam historiografi kesultanan Palembang Darussalam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sejarah dengan teori peranan yang disampaikan oleh Soejono Soekamto yang berfokus pada bagaimana sebuah peranan memiliki keterkaitan dengan kedudukkan seseorang dalam masyarakat. Dalam hubungan tersebut seorang individu melaksanakan hak dan kewajibannya sesuai kedudukkan dan posisinya dalam masyarakat. Fokus penelitian untuk mengungkap bagaimana historiografi Raden Abdul Habib, bagaimana kontribusi Raden Abdul Habib dalam historiografi kesultanan Palembang Darussalam pada tahun 1264-1345 H. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dan menggunakan analisis deskriptif  yang bertumpuh pada studi kepustakaan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode sejarah yang dalam praktiknya melalui empat tahapan, yaitu heuristik, verifikasi, interpretasi, dan historiografi.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Raden Abdul Habib merupakan keturunan langsung dari Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II dan saksi sejarah  masa pengasingan Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II ke Ternate. Raden Abdul habib berkontribusi  terhadap bangkitnya kembali historiografi kesultanan Palembang Darussalam melalui karya tulis yang dihasilkannya dalam bentuk naskah yang bertema Kalender Hijriah, Catatan Harian Raden Abdul Habib, dan Denah Lokasi Pengasingan Sultan Mahmud badaruddin II.
Perang Rakyat Palembang: Analisis Sejarah dalam Komik 5 Hari 5 Malam
Authors: Meidonia Annisa , Rochmiatun Endang , Otoman Otoman
Published: September 2024

This study seeks to analyze historical elements in the 5 days and 5 nights war that occurred in Palembang in 1947 which was published in a comic and written by H. Asnawi Mangku Alam and explain how the use of comics as historiography using external and internal criticism theory from Leopold von Rangke According to him, in order to achieve the writing of history as it actually happened, it is necessary to record the truth, in order to see the writing of history objectively and to be able to explain the actual events. This research is focused on answering problems, among others, how historical events are conveyed in the comic 5 Days 5 Nights of the 1947 Palembang People's War, how does this comic present historical elements through writers, characters, setting of place and time, and plot, how to use comic media as historiography. This type of research is qualitative research and uses a descriptive method with a literature study approach. This research technique is heuristic, verification, interpretation, historiography.The results of this study indicate that in the comic 5 Days 5 Nights of the Palembang People's War there is a historical element in every day of the war. This comic was also written by H. Asnawi Mangku Alam who is an actor and witness to the history of war. The development of historical writing in Indonesia cannot be separated from western influences, as well as the media which can make historical writing more interesting. History is written as a unit consisting of various facts that are scattered and put together to become cohesive and coherent
Comparison of Writing Approaches in Yeni Istanbul and Headway Coursebooks
Authors: İlbilgi Damla , Azizoğlu Nahide İrem
Published: September 2024

This study aims to evaluate the writing approaches used in Teaching Turkish as a foreign language and English coursebooks to support the writing process and identify the differences and general trends between these books. For this purpose, the writing activities in the Yeni Istanbul Turkish coursebooks and the Headway English coursebooks were analyzed within the scope of assessment criteria determined for product, genre, and process-oriented writing approaches. In this study, Headway English and New Istanbul Turkish language textbooks were examined using qualitative research methods, specifically the descriptive analysis technique. As a result of the study, a comparison was made by determining which writing approaches were more emphasized in the examined textbooks. It was observed that in both series of books, the number of activities related to the product-oriented approach tended to decrease as the language levels increased, and completion activities were the most commonly used writing activity at all language levels. In the genre-oriented approach, it was observed that in both Yeni Istanbul and Headway coursebooks, the activities diversified as language levels increased, showing an increase from beginner levels to advanced levels. Additionally, different types of activities under the genre-oriented approach were observed in both book series. Finally, it was determined that process-oriented writing activities were fewer compared to other approaches. These analyses will contribute to generating new ideas about how writing approaches can be more effectively used in coursebooks. At the same time, this information aims to assist teachers in selecting the most suitable textbooks for enhancing students' writing skills and adopting the most appropriate approaches to support the writing process.
Les plantations de Darcassou (Anacardium occidentale) au Siné Saloum
Authors: Gorse Jean
Published: September 2024

La plantation de Darcassou a été délibérément encouragée depuis 1961 par le Département des forêts du Sénégal. La production commerciale de noix de cajou est maintenant contrôlée par une société qui disposera bientôt de toutes les installations nécessaires au décorticage, à la transformation et au conditionnement.L'expansion de la culture de Darcassou est maintenant programmée. L'auteur décrit les différentes méthodes de plantation utilisées à l'heure actuelle par le Département des forêts du Sénégal, à savoir :- Plantation dans les réserves forestières sans contrat de culture.La plantation est réalisée par la main d'œuvre salariée avec l'aide de charbonniers pour la préparation préalable du sol. Malgré son coût élevé, cette méthode est efficace, mais le manque de main d'œuvre rend son utilisation difficile.- Plantation dans les réserves forestières sous contrat de culture.La méthode Taungya est utilisée pour la plantation. Des résultats satisfaisants peuvent être obtenus à condition d'utiliser un système de plantation à large espace.- Zones de reboisement dans les villages.Les plantations sont réalisées à l'occasion des "semaines forestières villageoises". Ces plantations doivent donc être clôturées et entretenues pour obtenir des résultats satisfaisants.Il existe également des plantations en ligne. Elles doivent être protégées contre les incendies et le bétail.- D'importantes plantations ont également été réalisées par des propriétaires privés ces dernières années.
Chronique piscicole : le crocodile du Nil
Authors: Lemasson J.
Published: September 2024

Pas de résumé
Safety of Phacoemulsification with Gradual Hydro Dissection on Posterior Polar Cataract
Authors: Parmono Ahda Firstaputra , Pardianto Gede , Purworini Diyah
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Phacoemulsification has been a procedure of choice for treating cataractous lenses and restoring visual function. Posterior polar cataract have been one of many cases in which phaco surgeons should be careful and aware for more to perform phacoemulsification. One hydrodissection procedure is safe to perform as an alternative to hydrodileniation during phacoemulsification for posterior cataract. It is called gradual hydrodissection. Methods: This study performed a quasi-experimental pre-post study that tested the safety of gradual hydrodissection in phacoemulsification in 50 eyes of 50 patients. The safety parameter used in this study includes the incidence of posterior capsule rupture and nucleus drop during phacoemulsification until surgery is finished. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the characteristics of the study participants, such as age, sex, race, eye laterality, and previous intraocular surgery. A paired student’s t-test was conducted to compare preoperative and postoperative values for visual acuity and intraocular pressure. The P <0.05 was considered the level of statistical significance. Results: There was no complication of the posterior capsule during the hydrodissection procedure. There was a statistically significant difference in visual acuity and intraocular pressure before and after surgery by P value <0.001. All of the phacoemulsification studies were considered uneventful and successful. Conclusions: Gradual hydrodissection may be safe to be performed in phacoemulsification for posterior polar cataract.
Responsabilité Sociétale des Entreprises (RSE) du Secteur Minier
Authors: Reis Patrice , Garbaccio Grace Ladeira
Published: September 2024

Il s'agit d'analyser la Responsabilité Sociétale des Entreprises (RSE) appliquée au secteur minier dans le contexte brésilien et français, sous un angle juridique, sans pour autant ne retenir que cette approche et de manière non exhaustive. On sait que l'aspect juridique, au regard de la notion de responsabilité elle-même (promue par le Droit de l'Environnement, le Droit des Sociétés, le Droit du Travail, etc.), est le premier élément d'interprétation de la RSE. D’un point de vue juridique, il existe des règles brésiliennes et aussi européennes, notamment françaises, dans le cadre de la Directive NFRD (Non-Financial Reporting Directive).  Cependant, il est envisagé de présenter une perspective différente du terme responsabilité, en ce qui concerne l'engagement volontaire, l'auto-responsabilité des entreprises dans la mise en œuvre d'actions efficaces en faveur du développement social des parties prenantes. Cet article utilise la méthode de recherche déductive et exploratoire, basée sur l'analyse de références d'articles et d'études bibliographiques.
MODIFICATION METHODS TO ENHANCE THE PERFORMANCE OF TiO2 IN PHOTOCATALYSIS
Authors: Zhou Zhentao , Dontsova Tetiana
Published: September 2024

With industrial development and changes in human lifestyle, organic pollution has become an increasingly serious problem, posing a serious threat to the ecological environment and human health. As an emerging advanced oxidation process, titanium dioxide–based photocatalysis has shown unparalleled potential in solving environmental pollution problems due to its stable catalyst properties, mild reaction conditions, environmental friendliness and low cost. However, titanium dioxide is limited in its photocatalytic efficiency by the fact that it can only be excited by ultraviolet light, its carriers are easily compounded and its adsorption capacity is weak. In order to improve the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of organic pollutants, the properties of titanium dioxide can be enhanced by means of modification. This article mainly reviews several major modification methods and research progresses of semiconductor titanium dioxide materials for the degradation performance of organic pollutants in the environment, and focuses on the advantages of the new Metal Organic Frameworks/ titanium dioxide composite system in enhancing the degradation performance of organic pollutants. Finally, the application prospects and key issues of Metal Organic Frameworks/ titanium dioxide materials in photocatalytic treatment of organic pollution problems are presented.
FLUORIDE IONS REMOVAL EFFICIENCY OF NATURAL/ACTIVATED ZEOLITE AND BENTONITE SORBENTS
Authors: Kurylenko Viktor , Tolstopalova Nataliia , Obushenko Tetiana , Sanginova Olga , Dontsova Tetiana
Published: September 2024

Addressing the health concern of fluoride ions contamination in water, that cause such deceases as dental and skeletal fluorosis, requires the development of effective adsorption materials for water treatment. Our research objective was to evaluate the adsorption properties and capacities of zeolite and bentonite, sourced from Ukrainian deposits, and their acid-activated forms in relation to fluoride ions and estimate fitting this data to various adsorption models. Characterization of natural and acid-activated zeolite and bentonite sorbents was performed through X-ray diffraction to determine the phase composition of these substances. Adsorption experiments were carried out at different initial fluoride ions concentrations (3, 5, 10 and 15 mg/l) and pH (3.7; 7.5). Acidification (changing pH from 7.5 to 3.7) increase adsorption capacity of natural zeolite and bentonite more than twice. It was found that natural zeolite removes fluoride ions at the level of 67 % at pH 3.7 and a high dosage of sorbent – 10 g/l and an initial concentration of fluoride ions – 5 mg/l, while its acid‑activated form was more effective - the removal of fluoride ions is 86 % at a lower dosage of sorbent – 1 g/l. Similarly, natural bentonite demonstrated a maximum removal efficiency of 45 % at pH 3.7 and a dosage of sorbent – 10 g/l, and its acid-activated form allowed for the removal of fluoride ions of about 83 % at a dosage of sorbent – 2 g/l at the same fluoride ions concentration. It is shown that the Vagelar-Langmuir (VL) isotherm model is the most accurate for describing the process of fluoride ions adsorption by acid-activated forms of natural sorbents, where the R² values are close to 0.999, indicating monolayer adsorption on homogeneous active centers. The obtained results indicate the greater efficiency of acid-activated forms of natural sorbents and the prospects of their use for the removal of fluoride ions from water.
PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF ZnO/TiO2 COMPOSITES IN CIRCULATING CONDITIONS
Authors: Hutsul Khrystyna , Іvanenko Iryna
Published: September 2024

The development of new efficient photocatalysts is an important task for solving problems related to the purification of water and air from organic pollution. Composite materials based on ZnO and TiO2 exhibit high photocatalytic activity, which makes them promising for this application. In this work, we present the synthesis and study of the photocatalytic activity of ZnO/TiO2 composites obtained by the method of intermediate hydroxide deposition. The synthesis was carried out on the surface of Evonik P25 TiO2 with three different mass ratios of ZnO to TiO2: 1:3, 1:1, and 3:1. The resulting composites were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), spectroscopy to determine the optical band gap, and subjected to photocatalytic decomposition under circulating conditions. It was confirmed by XRD that ZnO crystallizes in the wurtzite phase of hexagonal syngony, and TiO2 is contained in the form of two modifications: anatase and rutile. The effect of the mass ratio of ZnO to TiO2 on the optical band gap has been studied. The optical band gap of ZnO/TiO2 composites was determined using the Kubelka-Munk algorithm. For the composites (1)ZnO/TiO2 and (3)ZnO/TiO2, the bandgap was 3.22 eV, and the lowest value (2.99 eV) was obtained for the composite with an equal ratio of ZnO to TiO2 - (2)ZnO/TiO2. The photocatalytic activity of ZnO/TiO2 composites was studied under circulating conditions with congo red dye in the presence of four different composite weights: 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 2 g. The maximum efficiency of photocatalytic decomposition of the dye was observed for the composite with an equal ratio of ZnO to TiO2 at a dosage of 2 g of the composite per 0.075 g of dye. The synthesized ZnO/TiO2 composites exhibit high photocatalytic activity, which makes them promising materials for water and air purification from organic pollution. The optimum mass ratio of ZnO to TiO2 for the photocatalytic decomposition of congo red dye is 1:1.
Impact of Pediococcus parvulus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on Brettanomyces bruxellensis mousy compound production
Authors: Moulis Pierre , Miot-Sertier Cécile , Franc Céline , Riquier Laurent , Beisert Beata , Marchand Stéphanie , De Revel Gilles , Rauhut Doris , Ballestra Patricia
Published: September 2024

The presence of mousy off-flavours in wine, attributed to the production of N-heterocycles by lactic acid bacteria or Brettanomyces bruxellensis, poses a significant challenge in the winemaking industry. This study is the first one to investigate the impact of co-cultures focusing on B. bruxellensis with two common wine microorganisms, Pediococcus parvulus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the formation of mousy compounds. The screening was conducted in a synthetic medium under controlled conditions. It reveals the nuanced effects of the microorganism combinations. Depending on the P. parvulus or S. cerevisiae strain co-inoculated with B. bruxellensis a synergistic effect is observed on the 2-acetyltetrahydropyridine (ATHP) production, while an inhibitory effect on 2-acetylpyrroline (APY) production by P. parvulus is highlighted when co-inoculated with B. bruxellensis. These findings shed light on the potential impact of the alcoholic fermentation yeast (S. cerevisiae) on the production of mousy off-flavours. Finally, a correlation between ATHP and 2-ethyltetrahydropyridine (ETHP) appears to be confirmed with a ratio of 1:10 between ETHP and ATHP produced in the N-heterocycles assay medium.
Pengetahuan Keuangan, Sikap Keuangan, dan Kinerja Usaha Penggilingan Padi di Kecamatan Sungai Kakap Kabupaten Kubu Raya
Authors: Kurniati Dewi
Published: September 2024

Sektor ekonomi yang paling berperan dalam mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia yaitu UMKM.D i Indonesia tanaman padi merupakan komoditas pangan utama karena sebagian besar masyarakat mengonsumsin asi sebagai makanan pokok. Oleh karena itu banyak berdiri UMKM jasa penggilingan padi. Salah satu faktorp enting untuk mendukung keberhasilan UMKM yaitu pengetahuan dan sikap yang berperan dalam pengelolaand an perencanaan keuangan usaha sehingga daya saing dan kualitas UMKM dapat berkembang dengan baik.P enelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan keuangan, sikap keuangan, dan kinerja usahap enggilingan padi serta mengetahui pengaruh antara pengetahuan keuangan dan sikap keuangan terhadap kinerjau saha penggilingan padi. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kuantitatif. Jenisp enelitian ini merupakan penelitian populasi dikarenakan seluruh populasi dijadikan sebagai responden penelitiany aitu sebanyak 70 orang pelaku usaha penggilingan padi. Variabel dalam penelitian ini meliputi: pengetahuan keuangan, sikap keuangan, dan kinerja usaha. Data primer diperoleh dari wawancara mendalam berpandu kuesioner yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan software SPSS dan SmartPLS 3.0. Berdasarkan hasil analisisd eskriptif, pengetahuan keuangan termasuk dalam kategori tidak baik (47,1%), sikap keuangan dikategorikanu Krang baik (58,8%), dan kinerja usaha penggilingan padi juga dikategorikan tidak baik (35,2%). Selain itu, hasilo lahan data menggunakan SmartPLS 3.0 menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan keuangan dan sikap keuanganb erpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja usaha penggilingan padi.
Karakterisasi Biokimia dan Aplikasi Bakteri Endofit sebagai Pemacu Pertumbuhan Tanaman Padi
Authors: Utami Oktavia Rezky
Published: September 2024

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakter bakteri endofit akar padi secara biokimia, menentukan isolat bakteri endofit akar padi terbaik sebagai pemacu pertumbuhan padi dan mengevaluasi keberadaan bakteri endofit pada jaringan akar setelah perlakuan. Penelitian dilaksanakan secara in-vitro di Laboratorium Perlindungan Tanaman Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Purwokerto dan in-planta di Rumah Kasa Desa Tambaksari Kidul. Pada bulan Desember 2021 sampai dengan Juni 2022. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan jumlah perlakuan yang diujikan sebanyak 6 perlakuan dan 4 kali ulangan dengan 3 tanaman setiap perlakuan sehingga diperoleh 72 tanaman. Perlakuan meliputi kontrol (P0), isolat bakteri A5 (P1), isolat bakteri A6 (P2), isolat bakteri KR4 (P3), isolat bakteri KR7 (P4) dan isolat bakteri SB3 (P5). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat bakteri A5, A6, KR4, KR7, dan SB3 mampu menghasilkan hormon IAA, siderofor, enzim protease, dan melarutkan fosfat secara kualitatif. Bakteri endofit pada perlakuan P3 (isolat KR4) secara in-planta dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan padi. Bakteri endofit terdapat pada jaringan akar setelah perlakuan ditunjukkan dengan adanya bakteri yang tahan terhadap rifampisin. Kata kunci : bakteri endofit, karakterisasi biokimia, padi, pemacu pertumbuhan.
Aplikasi Bakteri Endofit Akar Padi sebagai Pemicu Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Bawang Merah
Authors: Nur Elshifa Syatifa
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat bakteri endofit akar padi yang efektif dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil bawang merah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di screenhouse yang terletak di Dusun I Tambaksari Kidul, Kecamatan Kembaran, penelitian dimulai pada bulan Februari sampai dengan Agustus 2022. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan jumlah perlakuan yang diujikan sebanyak 6 perlakuan dan 4 kali ulangan sehingga terdapat 24 unit percobaan, setiap unit percobaan terdapat 4 polibag sehingga diperoleh 96 polibag. Setiap polibag terdiri atas 2 tanaman. 6 perlakuan meliputi tanpa pemberian bakteri endofit (E0), aplikasi bakteri A5 (E1), aplikasi bakteri A6 (E2), aplikasi bakteri KR4 (E3), aplikasi bakteri KR7 (E4), aplikasi bakteri SB3 (E5). Hasil menunjukkan bakteri endofit mampu meningkatkan panjang akar dan kehijauan daun. Bakteri endofit yang mampu meningkatkan panjang akar yaitu A5 dengan hasil 16,25 cm, sedangkan bakteri endofit yang mampu meningkatkan kehijauan daun yaitu KR7 dengan hasil 43,35 unit. Kata kunci : bakteri endofit, bawang merah
Hubungan Masa Reproduksi Serak Jawa (Tyto alba) Terhadap Tingkat Konsumsi Tikus Sawah (Rattus argentiventer)
Authors: Nur Ferril Muhammad
Published: September 2024

Tikus sawah (Rattus argentiventer) merupakan hama utama tanaman padi sawah. Tikus menyerang tanaman padi 10% dari bobot tubuhnya, namun tikus dapat merusak lima kali dari bobot tubuhnya. Di Indonesia dalam priode 2010-2014 kerusakan akibat tikus mencapai 160.865 ha. Burung hantu serak jawa (Tyto alba) merupakan predator alami, yang spesifik mengkonsumsi tikus sawah (99% sumber pakannya adalah tikus sawah). Efektifitas pengendalian tikus menggunakan T. alba tergantung pada jumlah tikus yang dikonsumsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara masa reproduksi T. alba dan jumlah tikus yang dikonsumsi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di beberapa Kecamatan di Kabupaten Jember antara lain: Kecamatan Kencong, Kecamatan Jombang dan Kecamatan Kencong. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan September 2021 sampai Februari 2022. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode observasi lapangan yang mencakup: survei area, stay (bermalam) diarea pagupon dan peletakan camera trap untuk menghitung jumlah tikus yang dikonsumsi T. alba. Data diolah dalam bentuk tabulasi tabel dan grafik menggunakan Microsoft Excel 2016. Peningkatan jumlah konsumsi tikus saat masa reproduksi adalah 44%/4,4 ekor (saat masa bertelur dan mengerami) dan 25%/2,5 ekor (saat merawat anakan) dari yang semula 10 ekor/malam (sebelum masa bertelur tiba). Masa reproduksi T. alba berhubungan dengan tingkat konsumsi tikus dan efektifitas pengendalian.
A Long-Term Monitoring Survey of Diplectanum aequans (Wagener, 1857) Diesing 1858, Parasite of the European Cultured Seabass Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pisces: Teleostei) from Corsican Fish Farms
Authors: MASALA-ANTONELLI Laetitia , GODEAUX Quentin , POIRON-GUIDONI Nicolas , BISGAMBIGLIA Paul-Antoine , MARCHAND Bernard , QUILICHINI Yann
Published: September 2024

This work focused on Diplectanum aequans, a gill parasite of European seabass Dicentrarchus labrax. The analyses allowed us to detect factors regulating parasite distributions on Corsican fish farms and to highlight the ecological structure of D. aequans communities on gills of fish. The study of parasite distribution showed that bigger fish appear more parasitized and that the infection dynamics of D. aequans can be explained by several factors such as biotic factors or farm environment conditions. The study of gill repartition of D. aequans showed that parasites tend to have a homogeneous distribution with no statistically significant difference in infection between the two sides of fish. However, the distribution of the number of parasites on gill arches varied according to the total number of parasites. The results differ depending on infection degree and host weight. When parasites are numerous, the individuals are distributed on the gill arches according to an anterior-posterior gradient, while with low rates of infection, the parasites are randomly distributed on the four arches. The spatial distribution of D. aequans appears to be determined by the differential action of water flow through the gill arches and the sizes of anterior arches. We also proposed a tool to reduce sampling effort and allow optimal exploitation for fish farmers.
Noncommutative Donoho-Elad-Gribonval-Nielsen-Fuchs Sparsity Theorem
Authors: KRISHNA K. MAHESH
Published: September 2024

Breakthrough Sparsity Theorem, derived independently by Donoho and Elad \textit{[Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2003]}, Gribonval and Nielsen \textit{[IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, 2003]} and Fuchs \textit{[IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, 2004]} says that unique sparse solution to NP-Hard $\ell_0$-minimization problem can be obtained using unique solution of P-Type $\ell_1$-minimization problem. In this paper, we derive noncommutative version of their result using frames for Hilbert C*-modules.
General Dynamics and Generation Mapping for Collatz-type Sequences
Authors: Goyal Gaurav
Published: September 2024

Let an odd integer $\mathcal{X}$ be expressed as $\sum \limits_{M > m} 2^M + 2^m - 1$, where $2^m - 1$ is called the Governor. The general dynamics of the Collatz-type functions is such that a high index Governor is converted to $2^1 - 1$. For the $3\mathcal{Z} + 1$ sequence, the Governor occurring in the trivial cycle is $2^1 - 1$, while for the $5\mathcal{Z} + 1$ sequence, the Trivial Governors are $2^2 - 1$ and $2^1 - 1$. Therefore, for the specific cases of $3\mathcal{Z} + 1$ and $5\mathcal{Z} + 1$ sequences, it can be said that the Collatz function reduces $\mathcal{X}$ to $\sum \limits_{N > \mathcal{T}} 2^N + 2^{\mathcal{T}} - 1$, where $2^{\mathcal{T}} - 1$ is referred to as the Trivial Governor. Further, once the Trivial Governor is reached, it can again evolve to a higher index Governor by interacting with other terms. This feature allows the $\mathcal{X}$ to reappear in a Collatz-type sequence if its original Governor is expressible as a sum of series including the Trivial Governor, that is, $2^m - 1 = \cdots + 2^{\mathcal{T} + 1} + 2^{\mathcal{T}} + 2^{\mathcal{T}} - 1$. Therefore, if $\mathcal{X}$ reappears in the sequence, at least one odd ancestor of $\mathcal{X}$ in the sum of series format must have the Governor $2^m - 1$. Ancestor mapping shows that all the odd ancestors of $\mathcal{X}$ have the Trivial Governor of the respective Collatz sequence implying that $\mathcal{X}$ can repeat only if its original Governor is the Trivial Governor. Specifically for the $3\mathcal{Z} + 1$ sequence, the odd ancestors are separated by two even integers. Successor mapping for the $3\mathcal{Z} + 1$ further indicates that there are no auxiliary cycles, as the Trivial Governor is transformed to a different index Governor. Similarly, successor mapping for the $5\mathcal{Z} + 1$ sequence reveals that the smallest odd integers that form an auxiliary cycle are smaller than $2^5$. Finally, attempts to construct integers that diverge for the $3\mathcal{Z} + 1$ sequence suggest that no such integers exist.
Innovative Approaches in Pericardiocentesis Training: A Comparative Study of 3D-Printed Mannequins and Virtual Reality Simulations
Authors: Rubio-López Alberto , García-Carmona Rodrigo , Garcia-Carmona Rodrigo , Rubio-Navas Alejandro , González-Pinto Ángel , Cardinal-Fernández Pablo
Published: September 2024

Background: The CoBaTrICE initiative standardized intensive care training throughout Europe. Pericardiocentesis, an important yet infrequent operation, poses unique training challenges often unmet by conventional methods. This study evaluates the efficacy of virtual reality (VR) simulations and 3D-printed mannequins in pericardiocentesis training, both crafted from scratch using highly affordable materials and free software. Methods: Thirty-five final-year medical students participated in this prospective, quasi-experimental study. Initially, students underwent VR simulation training, followed by training using 3D-printed self-made mannequins. Learning outcomes were assessed using the Objective and Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) questionnaire. Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis was employed to monitor stress responses, while the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) was used to gauge self-perceived difficulty. Results: Although the mannequin model induced more stress reactions, it excelled in tasks requiring fine motor skills, such as correct placement and asepsis maintenance. In contrast, lower NASA-TLX scores indicated that the VR model imposed less mental demand and effort, reflecting a reduced cognitive load. Conclusion: Both VR simulations and 3D-printed mannequins effectively taught pericardiocentesis skills, each offering distinct advantages. Mannequins enhanced fine motor skills, whereas VR reduced cognitive load and increased engagement. The combination of both approaches could maximize training outcomes, particularly in resource-constrained environments, thus broadening access to advanced simulation education.
Clinical Effectiveness of a Community Psychosocial Rehabilitation Service for Severe and Persistent Mental Illness in Nova Scotia, Canada
Authors: Awara Mahmoud A. , Green Joshua T.
Published: September 2024

Introduction: People with severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI) present unique challenges in mental healthcare due to the enduring nature and complexity of their conditions. This study evaluated the clinical effectiveness and potential cost benefits of a multidisciplinary community psychosocial rehabilitation team catering to individuals with SPMI in Nova Scotia, Canada. Method: The Canadian billing system of Medical Service Insurance (MSI) was used to compare inpatient service use and emergency department visits during the year before and the year after receipt of one year of community rehabilitation for patients referred to the team from September 2016 to September 2017. Result: Results demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in mean admission rates and length of inpatient admissions in the year following rehabilitation compared to the pre-rehabilitation year. A substantial percentage of patients experienced no inpatient admissions (88% v. 60%) or ED visits (82% v. 67%) in the post-rehabilitation year compared to the pre-rehabilitation year. There was a significant reduction in inpatient days by 90%, translating into substantial cost savings. The findings highlight the potential economic benefits of community rehabilitation for people with SPMI. Conclusion: This uncontrolled study suggests that community rehabilitation is associated with favourable clinical outcomes for individuals with SPMI in terms of reduced inpatient service use and related costs. Further research into community psychosocial rehabilitation services in the Canadian setting is needed, including controlled and cost-effectiveness studies.
Achieving Robust Learning Outcomes in Autonomous Driving with DynamicNoise Integration in Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Shi Haotian , Chen Jiale , Zhang Feijun , Liu Mingyang , Zhou Mengjie
Published: September 2024

The advancement of autonomous driving technology is becoming increasingly vital in the modern technological landscape, promising notable enhancements in safety, efficiency, traffic management, and energy use. Despite these benefits, conventional deep reinforcement learning algorithms often struggle to navigate complex driving environments effectively. To tackle this challenge, we propose a novel network called DynamicNoise, designed to significantly boost algorithmic performance by introducing noise into the Deep Q-Network (DQN) and Double Deep Q-Network (DDQN). Drawing inspiration from the NoiseNet architecture, DynamicNoise uses stochastic perturbations to improve the exploration capabilities of these models, leading to more robust learning outcomes. Our experiments demonstrate a 57.25% improvement in navigation effectiveness within a 2D experimental setting. Moreover, by integrating noise into the action selection and fully connected layers of the Soft Actor-Critic (SAC) model in the more complex 3D CARLA simulation environment, our approach achieved an 18.9% performance gain, substantially surpassing traditional methods. These results confirm that the DynamicNoise network significantly enhances the performance of autonomous driving systems across various simulated environments, regardless of their dimensionality and complexity, by improving their exploration capabilities rather than just their efficiency.
Short-Term Forecasting of Total Aggregate Demand in Uncontrolled Residential Charging with Electric Vehicles Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Formaggio Giovanni , Tonelli-Neto M. S. , Vilela Danieli Biagi , Plasencia Lotufo Anna Diva
Published: September 2024

Electric vehicles are in focus and growing, with new adoptions every day. Its wide use represents a new scenario and challenge for the electrical power system due to the high charge storage requirements. Predicting these loads using artificial neural networks proves to be a very efficient tool for solving time series. This work uses a multilayer perceptron network through supervised backpropagation training with Bayesian regularization to improve generalization, reducing overfit- ting errors. In this research, the aggregation of the actual consumption of 200 homes and 348 plug-in electric vehicles is used in the training and forecasting process, and to validate the method developed, MAPE was used. Short-term forecasts were made considering the year’s four seasons, predicting the next 24 hours of total aggregate demand from homes and vehicles. The methodology presented significant and relevant results using hybrid training for the problem, with the potential to be applied in the real world.