bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Partitioning snowmelt and rainfall in the critical zone: effects of climate type and soil properties
Authors: Hammond John C. , Harpold Adrian A. , Weiss Sydney , Kampf Stephanie K.
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Streamflow generation and deep groundwater recharge in high elevation and high latitude locations may be vulnerable to loss of snow, making it important to quantify how snowmelt is partitioned between soil storage, deep drainage, evapotranspiration, and runoff. Based on previous findings, we hypothesize that snowmelt produces greater streamflow and deep drainage than rainfall and that this effect is greatest in dry climates. To test this hypothesis we examine how snowmelt and rainfall partitioning vary with climate and soil properties using a physically based variably saturated subsurface flow model, HYDRUS-1D. To represent climate variability we use historical inputs from five SNOTEL sites in each of three mountain regions with humid to semiarid climates: Northern Cascades, Sierra Nevada, and Uinta. Each input scenario is run with three soil profiles of varying hydraulic conductivity, soil texture, and bulk density. We also create artificial input scenarios to test how the concentration of input in time, conversion of snow to rain input, and soil profile depth affect partitioning of input into deep drainage and runoff. Results indicate that event-scale runoff is higher for snowmelt than for rainfall due to higher antecedent moisture and input rates in both wet and dry climates. At the annual scale, surface runoff also increases with snowmelt fraction, whereas deep drainage is not correlated with snowmelt fraction. Deep drainage is less affected by changes from snowmelt to rainfall because it is controlled by deep soil moisture changes over longer time scales. However, extreme scenarios with input highly concentrated in time, such as during melt of a deep snowpack, yield greater deep drainage below the root zone than intermittent input. Soil texture modifies daily wetting and drying patterns but has limited effect on annual scale partitioning of rain and snowmelt, whereas increases in soil depth decrease runoff and increase deep drainage. Overall these results indicate that runoff may be substantially reduced with seasonal snowpack decline in all climates. These mechanisms help explain recent observations of streamflow sensitivity to changing snowpack and emphasize the need to develop strategies to mitigate impacts of reduced streamflow generation in places most at risk for shifts from snow to rain.
Evaluation of the Services Provided to Children With Cerebral Palsy From the Guardians’ Perspective
Authors: Al-smadi Osama
Published: March 2019

The present study aims to evaluate the reality of the services provided to children with cerebral palsy from the guardians’ perspective and its relation to some relevant variables (i.e. branch of the association, educational level of the parents, monthly income, and number of years for receiving the associations’ services). The study was applied to the families of children with cerebral palsy in (10) centers of the Association of Disabled Children in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, a tool for data collection was prepared and verified for validity and reliability. It comprised (47) items distributed to (6) domains. The results showed that the arithmetic means of the domains ranged from (0.65) to (0.84). While “the performance of the administration and staff” was ranked first with an arithmetic mean of (0.84), “the supporting services” domain was ranked last with an arithmetic mean of (0.65), and the tool’s arithmetic mean was (0.71). Additionally, there are no statistically significant differences for (the academic qualification of the father, academic qualification of the mother, average monthly income, and number of years for receiving the associations’ services) variables. The study concluded that there is an urgent need to improve the services provided to children with cerebral palsy in all domains, especially in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia.
Assessment of a Low Temperature Closed-Cycle Grain Drying System
Authors: Ma Mingjun , Rosentrater Kurt A.
Published: March 2019

This study analyzed the drying efficiency of a prototype low temperature closed-cycle grain drying system. The main principle of this drying system was the heat pump system working as a dehumidifier. The main component of this drying equipment included a compressor, a condenser, twin evaporators, and a fan. Two drying studies (denoted as trial 1 and trial 2) were conducted to assess the overall drying performance of this low temperature drying system. To calculate the drying efficiency, the total energy consumption was divided by the amount of water removal for each trial; the drying efficiency was reported in the form of Btu/lb of water removal. We also tested corn seed germination to determine if this drying process had an effect on seed germination performance. The drying efficiency results for trial 1 and 2 were 1036 Btu/lb water removal and 869 Btu/lb water removal, respectively; compared to other on-farm drying methods this drying system had fairly high drying efficiency. The germination test results showed that this drying system had no adverse effect on germination performance.
Univalence Conditions of Two New Integral Operators on P-Valent Functions
Authors: Tuan Nguyen Van , Breaz Daniel
Published: March 2019

For analytic functions in the open unit disk U, we define two new general integral operators. The main object of the this paper is to study these two new integral operators and to determine some sufficient conditions for general p-valent integral operator to be p-th power of a univalent functions.
Quadratic Jordan Triple Systems
Authors: Baklouti Amir
Published: March 2019

In this work, We show that every Jordan triple system can be viewed as a T∗extension of another one or an ideal of

co-dimension one of a Jordan triple system whose represent the T∗extension of another Jordan triple system. Moreover,

several result involving the structure of quadratic Jordan triple systems are given.
Pyrolysis of pine wood and characterisation of solid and liquid products
Authors: Purevsuren Barnasan , Dashzeveg Otgonchuluun , Alyeksandr Ariunaa , Janchig Narangerel , Soninkhuu Jargalmaa
Published: March 2019

Pyrolysis of pine wood was carried out at different temperatures and the yields of solid (biochar), liquid (tar and pyrolysed water) and gas products were determined. Temperature around 500 ºC was determined as an optimal heating temperature of pyrolysis and approximately 27.1% hard residue (biochar), 21.46% tar, 20.04% pyrolysed water and 31.30% gas were obtained by pyrolysis. The thermal stability indices of pine wood are relatively low, which are indications of its low thermal stability and high yield of volatile matter (Vdaf = 90.3%). The thermal stability indices of pyrolysis of solid residue show that it is characterised by a very high thermal stability than its initial sample, for example, there was an increase of Т5% 7.7 and Т15% 3.8 times. The chemical composition of pyrolysed tar of pine wood has also been determined. Were obtained 4 different fractions with varying boiling temperature ranges of pine wood pyrolysed tar and have determined the yields of each fraction. Neutral tar was analysed by GC/MS and 20 aliphatic compounds, 25 aromatic compounds and 18 polar compounds were determined.
Proyectos de investigación en los estudios universitarios: progreso de la observación a la indagación
Authors: Rosa Silvina Mariana
Published: March 2019

En este artículo se analizan los proyectos finales de investigación guiada de los estudiantes de un curso universitario de botánica. Este trabajo históricamente se ha centrado en la observación, pero consideramos que debería tener como objetivo promocionar la competencia de indagación. Por ello se propuso a una parte del alumnado estructurar su estudio a partir de una pregunta. La evaluación de las presentaciones finales aplicando los instrumentos NPTAI y NCI mostró que los estudiantes que elaboraron y respondieron una pregunta investigable alcanzaron niveles de las habilidades relacionadas con la comprensión de los pasos de un proceso de indagación significativamente superiores respecto a aquellos alumnos que no la incluyeron. Sobre la base de la simplicidad del cambio implementado y su impacto en el alumnado, se propone modificar las prácticas experimentales tradicionales incluyendo problemáticas que investigar al inicio de estas.
Comparative Study on Carded Cotton Yarn Properties Produced by the Conventional Ring and New Modified Ring Spinning System
Authors: Buharali Gozde , Omeroglu Sunay
Published: March 2019

asas
Artillery-Missile System Control Under Disturbances Conditions Using a Modified Computed Torque Control Method
Authors: SZMIDT Piotr
Published: March 2019

The paper addresses the issue of remote control of a artillery-missile system when the system is affected by dynamic and kinematic disturbances. The dynamic disturbances analysed in the paper includes disturbances from shots fired while kinematic disturbances are excitation related to the motion of the base on which the system is installed. The object of the study is a system model based on the ZU-23-2MR artillery-missile system produced and operated in Poland, designed
to combat lightly armoured air, naval and ground targets. Once the system model and the assumed disturbance types are discussed, further in the paper the system control in azimuth and elevation angular position is analysed. Computed torque control with additional corrective components is presented. A certain inertia in system drive models is also adopted. Additionally, uncertainty of model identification is assumed, i.e. object control parameters are different from the parameters of the model which serves as basis for calculating the control parameters. Differences in weights, mass moments of inertia and friction torques arising in the system's drive elements are taken into account. The last part of the paper includes an analysis of the speed of target interception and precision of tracking a manoeuvring aerial target with the interference affecting the system. It was assumed that the system is located on a ship, therefore kinematic disturbances are related to the ship's movement on the sea waves, as well as dynamic disturbances are related to firing the weapon. All simulations were performed in the Scilab environment for a non-linear model of the system. Essential results are shown in a graphical form.
Dispersion Analysis of Rounds Fired from a Glauberyt Machine Pistol
Authors: DZIOPA Zbigniew , ZDEB Krzysztof
Published: March 2019

Within an enclosed shooting range of the EMJOT company, the process of firing one hundred single bullets from a Glauberyt machine pistol was recorded.
The empirical test used 9x19 mm FMJ Luger (Parabellum) ammunition manufactured in the Czech Republic in 2017. As the weapon is dedicated to special forces, the shots were fired by an anti-terrorist operative, at a target located 25 m away. In order to determine bullet dispersion, the results of the experiment were subjected to statistical processing. Mean displacement and mean square displacement relative to the mean hit point, histograms, normal distribution, as well as statistical tests and hypotheses were used for estimation. The shots were recorded with a high speed digital camera Phantom v 9.1. The videos recorded were used to determine the initial kinematic parameters of the bullet trajectory.
2018 Canadian Consortium on Neurodegeneration in Aging (CCNA) Science Day Abstracts (Montréal, Québec - October 1-2, 2018)
Authors: Authors Various
Published: March 2019

-
News from the Field
Authors: Free David
Published: March 2019

The March digital exhibit at University of OregonNevada State Library launches virtual reality cataloging projectIDEAL ’19: Advancing Inclusion, Diversity, Equity, and Accessibility in Libraries and ArchivesACRL information literacy programs, special collections security guidelines revisedFive librarians selected as 2019 IFLA/OCLC FellowsOASIS adds Project MUSE ebooksRecent Researches in Music OnlineEBSCO acquires StacksPALNI, WRLC, PALCI collaborate on IR solutionsProQuest One Academic debuts
C&RL Spotlight
Authors: Kaspar Wendi
Published: March 2019

Best laid plansThe beginning of the year is always a good time to plan and consider the direction one is heading. This is not related to resolutions but to the trajectory of one’s career, one’s life, or even an organization or project.
Yohaku Puzzles
Authors: Imbrescia Eric , Heishman Chelsea , Sawyer Amanda
Published: March 2019

As educators, we know that to have effective mathematics instruction, we must promote mathematical problem solving while encouraging discourse (NCTM 2014), yet finding tasks that both challenge and engage students can be difficult. We discovered that the Yohaku, a Japanese number puzzle, provides a format that was both challenging and thought-provoking when implemented in a secondgrade class in a Virginia elementary school. The number puzzle involves having students fill in squares with numerical values such that each column and row creates the same value. We discovered that students enjoyed the puzzle and that it supported their own construction of number sense.
Field Trips
Authors: Crowley Brandy , Harper Tracy
Published: March 2019

What is the most exciting day of the school year? Field trip day! Organizing a smooth field trip requires mathematical thinking. After solving these problems, have students create math questions about their own field-trip experiences.
Filling in the Gaps
Authors: Hong Dae S. , Runnalls Cristina
Published: March 2019

Adapt area measurement tasks to work within curricular boundaries while offering students opportunities to explore and grow.
Questions to Elicit Students' Mathematical Ideas
Authors: Sussman Annie , Hammerman James K. L. , Higgins Traci , Hochberg Eric D.
Published: March 2019

Create opportunities for students to engage in the Standards for Mathematical Practice and support them in further explaining and justifying their ideas.
ESTIMATION OF ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF 5,10,15,20-TETRAKIS(4-HYDROXYPENYL)PORPHYRINE BASED ON ELECTROCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL RESEARCHES
Authors: Kletikov Sergey S. , Tesakova Mariya V. , Parfenyuk Vladimir I. , Kulagin Vladislav R.
Published: March 2019

The antioxidant activity of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin was established by a test reaction of interaction with free-radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). A cyclic voltammetry method was used to research the interaction of porphyrin and DPPH. According to the results of the completed research, it was established that H2T(4-OHPh) P has the highest antioxidant activity among all the porphyrins compounds studied by us. The results of the electrochemical experiment served as a basis for testing antioxidant qualities of porphyrin on living creatures – chickens of the “Moscow-black” breed. Chickens were divided into 5 groups: the control group was given the basic ration, the first — the basic ration + 1% ascorbic acid solution, the second — the basic ration + an aqueous solution of Twin-80, the third — the basic ration + an aqueous solution of Twin-80 with porphyrin (10–3 mol/l), the fourth - basic ration + aqueous solution of Twin-80 with porphyrin (10-4 mol/l). In the course of the experiment, the chickens were orally administered the 2 ml solutions studied once a day in for 14 days. Wherein no disturbance of physiological condition of the chickens was noticed, as well as any considerable change of body mass or causes of death. The introduction solution Twin-80 does not impair the blood indexes. In all four experimental groups, a decrease in the concentration of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) was observed compared to the control group: the best result - a decrease in MDA by 56% is observed in the fourth group. In the three groups an increase in serum level of ceruloplasmin was observed. The greatest increase in the concentration of CP also occurs in the fourth group of chickens. With the introduction of ascorbic acid a decrease in CP relative to the control group is not observed. How it was established the 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin with concentrations of 10-4 mole/l decline the amount of malonic dialdehyde and increases the amount of ceruloplasmin in blood, which leads to lowering the activity of oxidizing processes in a living organism and also empowers the protein synthesizing function of the liver.
“The Frailty of Everything”
Authors: Ladefoged Jane
Published: March 2019

In Cormac McCarthy’s post-apocalyptic novel The Road, a man and boy roam a desolate, grey landscape. They are witnesses of an unknown catastrophe, forced to inhabit the remnants of a world once known. The man and boy are rooted in different pasts, and the paper examines the differences between the two characters with particular focus on language, memory and meaning in the post-apocalyptic world. The boy and man are significant for understanding the interconnections between past and present, but the novel in its entirety is also a necessary and inevitable component in understanding the paradox of language and memory. The paper argues that The Road, in its encounter with readers, becomes an ironic work, because readers subconsciously induce their own memory, experiences and connotations to make sense of the post-apocalyptic world, although the post-apocalyptic world is foreign and in many ways incompatible with the world that readers know.
Intervenir auprès des enseignants en formation pour favoriser un développement global
Authors: Buysse Alexandre A.J.
Published: March 2019

Dans cette contribution théorique, nous tentons d’interpréter la notion de développement professionnel en fonction de concepts issus du développement cognitif. Ceci nous amène à considérer la formation des enseignants comme devant permettre l’élaboration de compétences, mais aussi comme devant également favoriser le développement de nouvelles structures cognitives. Nous explorons les notions théoriques liées à certains processus apparaissant dans les écrits réflexifs des étudiants et nous proposons des démarches pouvant favoriser certaines dimensions du développement professionnel global de l’apprenant, notamment l’apprentissage autorégulé, la centration sur certaines préoccupations et la prise en compte de certaines informations.
Les missionnaires-colonisateurs « gouvernementaux » entre Église et État, 1911-1936
Authors: Lemieux1 Frédéric
Published: March 2019

À travers l’étude du groupe des missionnaires-colonisateurs gouvernementaux, fonction créée en 1911 par l’épiscopat et le gouvernement du Québec, cet article révèle de l’intérieur les mutations de l’arrimage Église-État, fait de tensions et d’ententes, dans la mise en oeuvre des politiques de colonisation. Dans ce milieu, le statut de prêtre-fonctionnaire s’avère avantageux à plusieurs égards pour les deux parties malgré son ambiguïté face au politique. L’évolution des attributions de ce groupe propose une compréhension inédite du contexte et des facteurs qui mènent à l’abolition de la fonction en 1936, ainsi que de la signification de ce changement dans la dynamique Église-État en matière de colonisation.
Les fondements anthropologiques des droits de l’Homme
Authors: Rouland Norbert
Published: March 2019

L’article traite des apports possibles de l’anthropologie juridique à la théorie des droits de l’homme. L’auteur situe ces derniers face à la crise de la modernité : remise en cause du rôle de l’État comme producteur et garant des D.H.; contestation du caractère universel des D.H. au nom de la diversité culturelle. La démarche anthropologique, axée sur la recherche d’une théorie unitaire du droit, sur le comportement réel des acteurs et sur l’acceptation du pluralisme, semble propre à jeter un éclairage utile sur ces questions, en s’interrogeant sur les représentations qui sont à la base des diverses conceptions des D.H.

Les nouvelles orientations du droit international et la reconnaissance croissante des droits des peuples autochtones appellent une redéfinition du contenu et de la portée des D.H. qui tiendrait compte à la fois d’un noyau intangible de droits, fondés sur des valeurs communes à tous les patrimoines culturels et systèmes sociaux, ainsi que de la dimension culturelle et collective des D.H.
María Magdalena en los albores del cinematógrafo: La Vida y Pasión de Nuestro Señor Jesucristo (Ferdinand Zecca, 1902-1907) y La Vida de Cristo (Alice Guy, 1906)
Authors: Monzón Pertejo Elena
Published: March 2019

Las primeras producciones cinematográficas de contenido bíblico han sido objeto de estudio en numerosos trabajos. Sin embargo, existe un vacío en lo referente al estudio de la presencia de María Magdalena en estas primeras producciones. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar estas primeras apariciones de la mujer de Magdala en el cine. En particular, son dos las películas en las que se pone fin al anonimato de este personaje: La Vida y Pasión de Nuestro Señor Jesucristo (Ferdinand Zecca, 1902-1907) y La Vida de Cristo (Alice Guy, 1906). Es por ello que ambas películas serán analizadas prestando especial atención al personaje objeto de estudio y a los referentes previos utilizados para construir al personaje así como a las características específicas de las películas de este periodo. Al mismo tiempo, se plantea la existencia de posibles diferencias a causa de que la dirección de las producciones sea obra de un hombre y de una mujer.
РИТМИЧКЕ СПОСОБНОСТИ КОД ДЈЕЧАКА И ДЈЕВОЈЧИЦА МЛАЂЕГ ШКОЛСКОГ УЗРАСТА
Authors: Милићевић Тракиловић Јелена , Тракиловић Десанка
Published: March 2019

Спроведено је истраживање са циљем да се утврдиниво знања и ритмичке оспособљености ученика млађег школског узрастау настави музичке културе. Истраживањем је обухваћен узорак који је диопопулације ученика млађег школског узраста на подручју града Бијељина.Укупан узорак истраживања чини 200 ученика петих разреда из осамодјељења основних школа: ОШ „Свети Сава” Бијељина, подручно одјељењеБатковић и ОШ „Вук Караџић” Бијељина. Структуру узорка у односу напол чини 100 дјечака и 100 дјевојчица. Основни циљ овог истраживања је дасе сагледа ритмичка способност у односу на пол. Мјерењем је обухваћенапрецизност извођење ритмичких цјелина из нотног текста. Добијенирезултати показују да постоје статистички значајне разлике у исказанимспособностима ритмичког извођења музике између испитаника млађегшколског узраста у односу на пол. Констатује се на бази резултата χ2теста да постоје разлике у исказаним ритмичким способностима извођењамузике у односу на пол ученика 5. разреда основне школе.
ПРЕГЛЕД ИСТРАЖИВАЊА ДЕФОРМИТЕТА НОГУ И СТОПАЛА КОД ДЈЕЦЕ МЛАЂЕГ ШКОЛСКОГ УЗРАСТА
Authors: Станишић Бранка , Кандић Јелена
Published: March 2019

Циљ овог истраживања је анализа досадашњих студијавезаних за деформитете стопала и ногу. Компарацијом резултата до којихсу дошли аутори студија које су одабране у овом раду долази се до прегледадеформитета доњих екстремитета који су најзаступљенији у популацијидјеце млађег школског узраста. Полазак дјеце у школу битно утиче насмањену физичку активност што доводи до различитих деформитета,нарочито стопала. То је видљиво на основу прегледа истраживања домаћихи страних аутора. Евидентно је да је проценат деформитета стопалаизузетно висок, док су деформитети ногу („X” i „O” ноге), такође присутниали у нешто мањем проценту. Промјене на стопалу код највећег броја дјецеуглавном су почетног степена, те се посебно одабраним комплексом вјежбивеома успјешно може супротставити овој деформацији и у највећем бројуслучајева спријечи њен даљи развој. Битно је истаћи и то да су аутори овихстудија различито приступали проблему и циљу истраживања користећиразличите методе истраживања као и величину узорка.
ДЈЕЧИЈЕ ЛИКОВНО СТВАРАЛАШТВО – ЗНАЧЕЊЕ И ЗНАЧАЈ
Authors: Марковић Оливера , Тодоровић Весна
Published: March 2019

Дјечији ликовни израз је један од основних облика развојацјелокупне дјететове личности. Као такав, он је значајно средство за ослобађањедјечијих потреба. Овим радом смо покушали приближити значење и значај дјечијегликовног стваралаштва у васпитно-образовном процесу и изван њега. Проблемтумачење дјечијих ликовних радова постакао је многе педагоге, психологе и ликовнеумјетнике да истражују специфичности ликовног израза дјеце које су у вези саличношћу малог умјетника, његовим узрастом и нивоом развоја уопште. Ликовнаекспресија помаже дјетету да ослободи унутрашњи садржај, да развијаспособност опажања, представљања, самосвијест, истрајност, радну дисциплину,смисао за културу и естетски доживљај. Разумјети дјечији ликовни изразпредставља поуздана врата за улазак у дјечији свијет и развој дјечије личности.
ВОКАЛНО-ИНСТРУМЕНТАЛНИ АНСАМБЛИ У РАДУ СА ДЈЕЦОМ ПРЕДШКОЛСКОГ И РАНОГ ШКОЛСКОГ УЗРАСТА
Authors: Милићевић Тракиловић Јелена , Тракиловић Десанка
Published: March 2019

Циљ спроведеног истраживања је да се утврди ниво активногучешћа дјевојчица и дјечака предшколског и раног школског узраста у вокално-инструменталним ансамблима у оквиру музичке активности и наставе музичкекултуре. Узорак истраживања чинило је 100 испитаника предшколског узраста ( 50дјевојчица и 50 дјечака) који су у тренутку мјерења имали 5–6 година и 100испитаника раног школског узраста (51 дјевојчица и 49 дјечака) који су у тренуткумјерења похађали 2. разред основне школе у Бијељини. Основни циљ овогистраживања је да се сагледа заступљеност вокално-инструменталних ансамбалаи ниво знања у односу на пол. Мјерењем је обухваћено вокално извођење пјесама ипрецизност свирања на ритмичким инструментима. Добијени резултати показујуда постоје статистички значајне разлике у исказаним способностима вокално-инструменталног извођења музике између испитаника предшколског узраста(дјевојчица и дјечака) и испитаника 2. разреда основне школе (дјевојчица и дјечака).Констатује се да на бази резултата х2 теста постоје разлике у исказанимспособностима вокално-инструменталног извођења музике у односу на пол, измеђуиспитаника предшколског узраста и ученика 2. разреда основне школе.
ФИЗИЧКА АКТИВНОСТ УЧЕНИКА И УЧЕНИЦА ПРЕТПУБЕРТЕТСКОГ УЗРАСТА
Authors: Пелемиш Момчило , Ујсаси Даријан , Митровић Небојша , Пелемиш Владан
Published: March 2019

На узорку од 100 испитаника, 48 ученика и 52 ученице узраста12 – 13 година из Сремских Карловаца ученика ОШ „23. октобар“ примењен јеанонимни анкетни упитник са 6 питања. Прва два питања су била везана за основнеподатке: пол, узраст, а остала 4 су пружила увид у укључености ученика и ученица успортска друштва и број тренинга недељно ако се спортом баве, те у каквимусловима тренирају. Резултати истраживања указали су да постоје статистичкизначајне разлике у варијабли Интензитет бављења кинезиолошким активностима(p=0,00) и Место бављења кинезиолошким активностима (p=0,00) у корист дечака.У погледу Укључености у ваншколску спортску активност и варијабли за проценунедељних тренинга (Недељни тренинг бављења кинезиолошким активностима)статистички значајне разлике нису уочене. Може се закључити да су дечаци уСремским Карловцима више заинтересовани за укључивање у спортске клубове уовом узрасту и имају више интересовања за спортску активност и бављењеспортом од девојчица.
ФУНКЦИЈА МАЛЕ УСМЕНЕ ФОРМЕ – ПОСЛОВИЦЕ – У РАЗРЕДНОЈ НАСТАВИ
Authors: Брчкало Бранка
Published: March 2019

У раду се говори о проблематици народних пословица ипословичких израза који, уз загонетку, чине мале усмене форме, самосталне исамобитне књижевноумјетничке творевине. Циљ рада је теоријско-методичкаинтерпретација пословице у настави књижевности за млађи школски узраст.Теоријско полазиште чини дефинисање пословице и њених структурних елеменататематике, композиције, језичке грађе, идејног слоја и естетске вриједности. Такођесе дају прихватљиве класификације наших народних пословица на основу различитихкритеријума. Методички аспект разматра како дијете са својим искуственимконтекстом препознаје и разоткрива семантичка поља пословице која могу бити:спознајно, морално, психолошко, завичајно. Кроз пословицу дјеца ће схватитиреченицу као најмањи облик језичке комуникације и књижевноумјетничкогизражавања, спознаће метафору, ритмичку организацију и језичку концизност.
КВАЛИТЕТ У ОБРАЗОВАЊУ: КОНТРОЛА ИЛИ ПОТРЕБА
Authors: Радовановић Ивица , Богавац Драгана , Гочевић Лидија
Published: March 2019

Образовање само по себи представља друштвено добро. Дакле,оно повећава друштвену мобилност, омогућава лакшу адаптацију појединца сталнимдруштвеним промјенама, које са собом носе све бржи напредак науке. Данас, напрагу трећег миленијума, функционисање образовног система далеко је од педагошкеефикасности. Та неефикасност видљива је када се направи анализа у којој мјери сезнања и вjештине стечене у школи касније користе.Које услове морамо обезбиједити? Како побољшати квалитет образовања?Квалитет: контрола или потреба? То су кључна питања, којима се бави овај рад.Предикте проблема могуће је обезбиједити системским приступом финансирањаобразовања, оптималном мрежом школа, ваљаним курикулумом, обезбјеђењемконтинуитета (прелазак из једног нивоа у други). Образовање новог миленијума несмijе да карактерише квантитативна експанзија већ квалитативан скок.
КАКО ПРИПРЕМИТИ ШЕСТОГОДИШЊАКЕ ЗА „ШКОЛУ БУДУЋНОСТИ“?
Authors: Мојић Даница
Published: March 2019

Кључни догађај у животу сваког дјетета јесте полазак уосновну школу, јер се тиме његов живот мијења из темеља и потребно му јепружити максималну подршку да би што боље одговорило изазовима којешкола поставља пред њега. Да ли је дијете од шест година спремно за свешто га очекује у првом разреду? Како га у вртићу припремити за „излазак усвијет“? Да ли је данашња школа спремна за мноштво питања и маштаријаједног шестогодишњака? Аутор покушава дати одговор на наведена питањаи, уз осврт на психофизички статус шестогодишњака, према смјерницамакоје су Антропова и Кољцова дале у свом дјелу „Психофизиолошка зрелостдјеце“, показати да је спреман за излазак из вртића. Један од циљева радајесте освијетлити улогу педагога у вртићу, као важне споне измеђупородице, вртића и школе. Истакнута је и важност припреме родитеља заполазак дјетета у школу, о чему говори Митровић у књизи „Мама и татаполазе у школу“. Једном ријечју, намјера аутора је да подржи вјеровање у моћраног дјетињства и спремност шестогодишњака да постану „ђаци прваци“у школи коју ћемо с правом моћи назвати „школа будућности“.
Regulating G protein-coupled receptors by topological inversion
Authors: Denard Bray , Han Sungwon , Kim JungYeon , Ross Elliott M , Ye Jin
Published: March 2019

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a family of proteins containing seven transmembrane helices, with the N- and C-terminus of the protein located at the extracellular space and cytosol, respectively. Here, we report that ceramide or related sphingolipids might invert the topology of many GPCRs that contain a GXXXN motif in their first transmembrane helix. The functional significance of this topological regulation is illustrated by the CCR5 chemokine receptor. In the absence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), CCR5 adopts a topology consistent with that of GPCR, allowing mouse peritoneal macrophages to migrate toward its ligand CCL5. LPS stimulation results in increased production of dihydroceramide, which inverts the topology of CCR5, preventing macrophages from migrating toward CCL5. These results suggest that GPCRs may not always adopt the same topology and can be regulated through topological inversion.

Editorial note: This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that major issues remain unresolved (see decision letter).
Fatigue induces long-lasting detrimental changes in motor-skill learning
Authors: Branscheidt Meret , Kassavetis Panagiotis , Anaya Manuel , Rogers Davis , Huang Han Debra , Lindquist Martin A , Celnik Pablo
Published: March 2019

Fatigue due to physical exertion is a ubiquitous phenomenon in everyday life and especially common in a range of neurological diseases. While the effect of fatigue on limiting skill execution are well known, its influence on learning new skills is unclear. This is of particular interest as it is common practice to train athletes, musicians or perform rehabilitation exercises up to and beyond a point of fatigue. In a series of experiments, we describe how muscle fatigue, defined as degradation of maximum force after exertion, impairs motor-skill learning beyond its effects on task execution. The negative effects on learning are evidenced by impaired task acquisition on subsequent practice days even in the absence of fatigue. Further, we found that this effect is in part mediated centrally and can be alleviated by altering motor cortex function. Thus, the common practice of training while, or beyond, fatigue levels should be carefully reconsidered, since this affects overall long-term skill learning.
Improved taxonomic assignment of rumen bacterial 16S rRNA sequences using a revised SILVA taxonomic framework
Authors: Henderson Gemma , Yilmaz Pelin , Kumar Sandeep , Forster Robert J. , Kelly William J. , Leahy Sinead C. , Guan Le Luo , Janssen Peter H.
Published: March 2019

The taxonomy and associated nomenclature of many taxa of rumen bacteria are poorly defined within databases of 16S rRNA genes. This lack of resolution results in inadequate definition of microbial community structures, with large parts of the community designated as incertae sedis, unclassified, or uncultured within families, orders, or even classes. We have begun resolving these poorly-defined groups of rumen bacteria, based on our desire to name these for use in microbial community profiling. We used the previously-reported global rumen census (GRC) dataset consisting of >4.5 million partial bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences amplified from 684 rumen samples and representing a wide range of animal hosts and diets. Representative sequences from the 8,985 largest operational units (groups of sequence sharing >97% sequence similarity, and covering 97.8% of all sequences in the GRC dataset) were used to identify 241 pre-defined clusters (mainly at genus or family level) of abundant rumen bacteria in the ARB SILVA 119 framework. A total of 99 of these clusters (containing 63.8% of all GRC sequences) had no unique or had inadequate taxonomic identifiers, and each was given a unique nomenclature. We assessed this improved framework by comparing taxonomic assignments of bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequence data in the GRC dataset with those made using the original SILVA 119 framework, and three other frameworks. The two SILVA frameworks performed best at assigning sequences to genus-level taxa. The SILVA 119 framework allowed 55.4% of the sequence data to be assigned to 751 uniquely identifiable genus-level groups. The improved framework increased this to 87.1% of all sequences being assigned to one of 871 uniquely identifiable genus-level groups. The new designations were included in the SILVA 123 release (https://www.arb-silva.de/documentation/release-123/) and will be perpetuated in future releases.
The Malacca Strait separates distinct faunas of poorly-flyingCautiresnet-winged beetles
Authors: Jiruskova Alice , Motyka Michal , Bocek Matej , Bocak Ladislav
Published: March 2019

We investigated the spatial and temporal patterns ofCautiresdiversification on the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra to understand if the narrow and frequently dry Malacca Strait separates different faunas. Moreover, we analyzed the origin ofCautiresin Malayan and Sumatran mountains. We sampled 18 localities and present the mtDNA-based phylogeny of 76 species represented by 388 individuals. The phylogenetic tree was dated using mtDNA evolution rates and the ancestral ranges were estimated using the maximum likelihood approach. The phylogeny identified multiple lineages on the Malay Peninsula since the Upper Eocene (35 million years ago, mya) and a delayed evolution of diversity in Sumatra since the Upper Oligocene (26 mya). A limited number of colonization events across the Malacca Strait was identified up to the Pliocene and more intensive faunal exchange since the Pleistocene. The early colonization events were commonly followed by in situ diversification. As a result, the Malacca Strait now separates two faunas with a high species-level turnover. The montane fauna diversified in a limited space and seldom took part in colonization events across the Strait. Besides isolation by open sea or a savannah corridor, mimetic patterns could decrease the colonization capacity ofCautires. The Malay fauna is phylogenetically more diverse and has a higher value if conservation priorities should be defined.
Expression Profiling of Candidate Genes for Insight to Pericarp Browning in Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.)
Authors: Azam Khushboo , Mir Hidayatullah , Ranjan Tushar , Pal Awadhesh K. , Rani Ruby
Published: March 2019

Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.), a subtropical fruit crop has high commercial value and consumer acceptance owing to its rich juicy aril and attractive bright red pericarp. Anthocyanin, the major pigment present in litchi pericarp reaches its maximum content in fully ripen fruit contributing to its bright red colour. Anthocyanin content in plants depends on the rate of biosynthesis, stability in the vacuoles and the rate at which it is degraded. The biosynthesis of anthocyanin occurs via an intricate phenyl propanoid pathway controlled by plethora of structural and regulatory genes. Several genes encoding enzymes responsible for anthocyanin synthesis have been isolated and characterised in different plants. Litchi fruit being highly perishable, exhibit relatively shorter postharvest shelf-life of 2–3 days at ambient conditions which in part can be attributed to the enzymatic and non-enzymatic degradation of anthocyanin. In contrast to the comprehensive understanding of molecular basis of anthocyanin synthesis, the studies on its catabolism or degradation are meagre. Polyphenols oxidases and peroxidases are the major enzymes responsible for anthocyanin degradation leading to the problem of pericarp browning. Laccase, an anthocyanin degradation enzyme expresses about thousand fold higher than the polyphenols oxidase in the pericarp with epicatechin as favourable substrate. A detailed study of the anthocyanin degradation pathway in litchi may be helpful in managing the problem of pericarp browning to preserve its bright red colour as well as to enhance the shelf life and marketability of this valuable fruit crop.
Strategies and Challenges in Mentha Crop Intervention against Blue Bull for Enhancing the Farmer Income
Authors: Mehta Sangita , Kumar Praveen , Kumar Ravi Ranjan , . Nityanand , Kumar Dinesh , Sohane R. K. , Singh A. K. , Singh Rajeev
Published: March 2019

Improving farmer’s income through technological intervention is the urgent need in rural areas for making self-dependence and economic sufficiency. In this direction, a number of scientist farmers interaction meets were organized in KVK, Aurangabad. Farmers farm women, rural youth and girls enthusiastically participated in these programs like on campus farming off-campus training, kisan chaupal, kissan gosthi etc. raised several questions related to some their fruit and vegetables production against blue bull for income generation. Wide awareness and community participation is the need of the hour for the rational utilization and better conservation strategies of medicinal & aromatic plants. Medicinal cultivation is the emerging sector in agriculture diversification that would augment the income of small holders and generate employment opportunities in rural areas. It was felt that low marketing surplus of small landholders requires formation of co-operative groups for a contract for men with Patanjali/other agencies to help them to generate more income. Use of medicinal & aromatic plants may be available in our surroundings but due to lack of awareness, we never take care to collect, conserve and evaluate such precious materials. In addition, a holistic approach is required to manage the rich heritage of medicinal and aromatic plant with available in Bihar. The potential of medicinal & aromatic cultivation has been realized lately. There are many options available for farmers of all income and land holding groups to take up are or the other activity in medicinal and aromatic cultivation.
Constraints Perceived in Following Dairy Animal Welfare Practices in Jamtara District of Jharkhand
Authors: Singh Bhushan Kumar , Oraon J. , Pandey Alok Kumar , Kumar Rajesh , Kumari Nandani , Shweta Kumari
Published: March 2019

The development of welfare assessment schemes involves a difficult balancing of practical constraints against the need for scientific validity and reliability. There are lots of constraints in following proper welfare practices at farmer’s level. In view of above the present study was conducted on Jamtara district of Jharkhand, it has 6 blocks and to have a complete study of whole district, all the 6 blocks were selected. From the selected blocks, two villages (one Peri urban and one rural village) were selected randomly. Data were collected through structured interview schedule. it was observed trends in constraints were as follow, lack of money was the most significant constraints as it was perceived by 95 per cent of dairy owners, second was lack of information (91.66%), lack of availability of Veterinary Doctors (88.33%), lack of feed (82.50%), lack of Government facility (80.83%), and no financial gain in following animal welfare practices perceived by 74.16% respondents. In conclusion, the major constraints experienced by the dairy farmers to follow dairy animal welfare practices were lack of money, lack of information and lack of availability of veterinary doctor in vicinity.
Correction of pseudoexon splicing caused by a novel intronic dysferlin mutation
Authors: Dominov Janice A. , Uyan Özgün , McKenna‐Yasek Diane , Nallamilli Babi Ramesh Reddy , Kergourlay Virginie , Bartoli Marc , Levy Nicolas , Hudson Judith , Evangelista Teresinha , Lochmuller Hanns , Krahn Martin , Rufibach Laura , Hegde Madhuri , Brown Robert H.
Published: March 2019

Objective

Dysferlin is a large transmembrane protein that functions in critical processes of membrane repair and vesicle fusion. Dysferlin‐deficiency due to mutations in the dysferlin gene leads to muscular dystrophy (Miyoshi myopathy (MM), limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B (LGMD2B), distal myopathy with anterior tibial onset (DMAT)), typically with early adult onset. At least 416 pathogenic dysferlin mutations are known, but for approximately 17% of patients, one or both of their pathogenic variants remain undefined following standard exon sequencing methods that interrogate exons and nearby flanking intronic regions but not the majority of intronic regions.

Methods

We sequenced RNA from myogenic cells to identify a novel dysferlin pathogenic variant in two affected siblings that previously had only one disease‐causing variant identified. We designed antisense oligonucleotides (AONs) to bypass the effects of this mutation on RNA splicing.

Results

We identified a new pathogenic point mutation deep within dysferlin intron 50i. This intronic variant causes aberrant mRNA splicing and inclusion of an additional pseudoexon (PE, we term PE50.1) within the mature dysferlin mRNA. PE50.1 inclusion alters the protein sequence, causing premature translation termination. We identified this mutation in 23 dysferlinopathy patients (seventeen families), revealing it to be one of the more prevalent dysferlin mutations. We used AON‐mediated exon skipping to correct the aberrant PE50.1 splicing events in vitro, which increased normal mRNA production and significantly restored dysferlin protein expression.

Interpretation

Deep intronic mutations can be a common underlying cause of dysferlinopathy, and importantly, could be treatable with AON‐based exon‐skipping strategies.
Rapid Engraving of Artificial Compound Eyes from Curved Sapphire Substrate
Authors: Liu Xue‐Qing , Yang Shuang‐Ning , Yu Lei , Chen Qi‐Dai , Zhang Yong‐Lai , Sun Hong‐Bo
Published: March 2019

With high thermal and mechanical stability, glass artificial compound eyes have great potential applications in wide field‐of‐view (FOV) imaging and fast detection. However, the rapid fabrication of large‐area, high integration, uniform, and well‐designed three‐dimensional (3D) glass compound eyes is still a great challenge. Here, a dry‐etching‐assisted femtosecond laser machining (DE‐FsLM) technology is proposed for fabrication of cm‐sized concave compound eye from a curved sapphire substrate, with which the fabrication efficiency can be improved by over two orders of magnitude compared with direct laser ablation. With high hardness and thermal stabilities, the sapphire concave compound eyes can be used as high‐temperature and hard‐casting templates for the replication of convex compound eyes on K9 glass. The replicated cm2‐size all‐glass compound eye consists of a spherical macrolens (1 cm diameter and 2.3 mm height) and over 190 000 close‐packed ommatidia (≈20 µm diameter and 1.5 µm height). The compound eyes exhibit excellent optical properties with wide FOV (up to 90°) imaging and focusing. These results indicate that the DE‐FsLM and casting replication technology will open new opportunities in micro‐/nanofabrication of hard materials.
Solids Under Extreme Shear: Friction‐Mediated Subsurface Structural Transformations
Authors: Greiner Christian , Gagel Johanna , Gumbsch Peter
Published: March 2019

Tribological contacts consume a significant amount of the world's primary energy due to friction and wear in different products from nanoelectromechanical systems to bearings, gears, and engines. The energy is largely dissipated in the material underneath the two surfaces sliding against each other. This subsurface material is thereby exposed to extreme amounts of shear deformation and often forms layered subsurface microstructures with reduced grain size. Herein, the elementary mechanisms for the formation of subsurface microstructures are elucidated by systematic model experiments and discrete dislocation dynamics simulations in dry frictional contacts. The simulations show how pre‐existing dislocations transform into prismatic dislocation structures under tribological loading. The stress field under a moving spherical contact and the crystallographic orientation are crucial for the formation of these prismatic structures. Experimentally, a localized dislocation structure at a depth of ≈100–150 nm is found already after the first loading pass. This dislocation structure is shown to be connected to the inhomogeneous stress field under the moving contact. The subsequent microstructural transformations and the mechanical properties of the surface layer are determined by this structure. These results hold promise at guiding material selection and alloy development for tribological loading, yielding materials tailored for specific tribological scenarios.
Recent Advances on Graphene Quantum Dots: From Chemistry and Physics to Applications
Authors: Yan Yibo , Gong Jun , Chen Jie , Zeng Zhiping , Huang Wei , Pu Kanyi , Liu Jiyang , Chen Peng
Published: March 2019

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) that are flat 0D nanomaterials have attracted increasing interest because of their exceptional chemicophysical properties and novel applications in energy conversion and storage, electro/photo/chemical catalysis, flexible devices, sensing, display, imaging, and theranostics. The significant advances in the recent years are summarized with comparative and balanced discussion. The differences between GQDs and other nanomaterials, including their nanocarbon cousins, are emphasized, and the unique advantages of GQDs for specific applications are highlighted. The current challenges and outlook of this growing field are also discussed.