bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of Tuberculosis Disease with Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: BABALIK Mehmet , BAKIR Çiğdem
Published: September 2023

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is still an important public health problem worldwide and is common especially in developing countries. This respiratory disease can cause serious symptoms, especially affecting the lungs. Symptoms of tuberculosis include prolonged coughing, shortness of breath, chest pain, weakness, fever, night sweats, and malaise. The diagnosis of the disease is made by clinical signs as well as biomedical imaging methods and laboratory tests. These imaging modalities include techniques such as x-rays, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Early diagnosis of tuberculosis disease is of great importance in terms of treatment and prevention of the spread of the disease. The use of deep learning methods to classify biomedical images of tuberculosis disease can accelerate the diagnosis process, increase accuracy and guide treatment more effectively. In this study, it aims to be an important step in the classification of tuberculosis disease with deep learning. The generated CNN network, parameter values, layers used, complexity matrices obtained for verification data, accuracy and loss graphs are shown in detail. In our study, the success rate was increased by using a different network structure than the neural networks used in the literature. Approximately 98% success was achieved with the proposed CNN model.
Using a Soccer team as a test bed for multi-agent systems simulation
Authors: Naji Areen , Jayousi Rashid , Rattrout Amjad
Published: September 2023

The STMAS system is intended to imitate a soccer team and its behavior; we believe it can be used effectively as a test bed for multi-agent systems. It is constructed utilizing distributed agents that interact, communicate, and negotiate with each other to achieve the team objectives. It is based on the Jade simulation platform. The system is tested and compared to a pure soccer team using multiple MAS techniques. The results demonstrated that applying MAS techniques of negotiation and task distribution improves team performance, and STMAS is offered as an efficient test bed for new and distinct MAS techniques with varied scenario experiments. In addition, a mathematical model is created to compare the simulation results. Overall, STMAS provides a versatile and efficient MAS simulation and evaluation test bed. It is an excellent platform for comparing and evaluating various MAS approaches.
Física cuántica : interferencias, correlaciones y realidad
Authors: Scarani Valerio
Published: September 2023

La física cuántica se ha erigido como uno de los pilares fundamentales sobre los cuales se asienta la física moderna. Es una puerta a un mundo fascinante, de características sorprendentes; un microcosmos regido por la imposibilidad de la determinación exacta de pares de propiedades de una partícula, como su posición y su momento.
Física cuántica realiza con maestría un descenso a los abismos de la interferometría de partículas, la teleportación, la intricación y la criptografía cuántica.
Se trata de un texto indispensable, un verdadero tour de force que desafía al mismísimo Richard Feynman, Premio Nobel de Física, y a su célebre aforismo: “Nadie entiende la física cuántica.”
Aprendizaje basado en problemas: Una propuesta metodológica para el logro de las competencias de matemáticas en bachillerato tecnológico
Authors: Velarde Alvarado Claudia Maribel , Ramírez García Jesús Enrique
Published: September 2023

La presente investigación tuvo como propósito determinar laaplicabilidad de una “Una propuesta metodológica basada en elaprendizaje por solución de problemas para el logro de lascompetencias de matemáticas en bachillerato tecnológico”. Lametodología utilizada fue la investigación-acción, que implicó untrabajo de campo caracterizado por la observación y participaciónintensa de alumnos de nivel medio superior del Colegio de EstudiosCientíficos y Tecnológicos del Estado de Jalisco (CECyTEJ) 05 ElSalto “Irene Robledo García”. Los instrumentos utilizados para larecolección de datos fueron: las notas de campo, notas de losequipos, fotografías, un post-test, autoevaluación de alumno,evaluación docente y de material didáctico.
La práctica docente como escenario de la unidad entre teoría y práctica en la formación de docentes de la Licenciatura en Educación Secundaria
Authors: Alcaraz Núñez Bertha , Santana Salgado Ma. Lourdes , Román Miranda Rafael
Published: September 2023

La presente investigación analiza la unidad entre teoría y práctica en los procesos de la práctica docente en la formación inicial del profesorado de la Licenciatura en Educación Secundaria del Centro de Actualización del Magisterio- Acapulco. El estudio busca esclarecer las conexiones entre la preparación académica de los docentes en formación y el desempeño laboral. Situados en el trayecto de la formación inicial se pretende conocer: Se planteó para su desarrollo una metodología cualitativa interpretativa, retomando instrumentos de carácter cuantitativo. Se construyeron tres categorías de análisis: a) los estándares de desempeño docente, b) la investigación hecha por docentes en formación y c) el enfoque sistémico en el análisis de la práctica docente para darle rigurosidad y hacer visible la interdependencia de factores y actores
Hubungan Cara Sikat Gigi Dengan Kejadian Karies Gigi Pada Anak Sekolah Di SDN Sumberagung 02 Kecamatan Plumpang Kabupaten Tuban
Authors: Lailatus Sa'adah Nurul
Published: September 2023

Karies gigi atau gigi berlubang yakni bentuk dari pembusukan gigi yang prosesnya dimulai dari enamel (email) menuju dentin yang disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor di dalam rongga mulut yang saling berikatan satu sama lain. Faktor tersebut meliputi faktor gigi, waktu, dan mikroorganisme. Menurut survey awal yang dilakukan peneliti pada 10 siswa kelas 4 dan 5 di SDN Sumberagung 02 Kecamatan Plumpang Kabupaten Tuban, 7 diantaranya tidak melakukan sikat gigi yang benar dan tepat serta 4 dari perilaku sikat gigi yang tidak benar dan tepat mengalami karies. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara cara sikat gigi dengan kejadian karies gigi pada anak sekolah di SDN Sumberagung 02 Kecamatan Plumpang Kabupaten Tuban. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah analitik korelasi. Populasi seluruh anak SD sebanyak 148 siswa, besar sampel 108 siswa dan tekhnik sampling yang digunakan simple random sampling. Variabel independen adalah cara sikat gigi dan variabel dependen adalah kejadian karies gigi anak sekolah. Instrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berupa kuesioner. Analisia data menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukan sebagian besar (70,8%) cara sikat gigi anak sekolah kurang baik, hampir seluruhnya (91,7%) anak sekolah mengalami karies gigi. tidak ada hubungan antara cara sikat gigi dengan kejadian karies gigi. Dengan hasil penelitian di dapatkan ? = 1,000 > 0,05. Karies gigi tidak hanya disebabkan oleh cara sikat gigi melainkan bisa disebabkan karena faktor lain seperti makanan kariogenik, buruknya konsumsi air minum, hipersaliva, dan bentuk gigi. Sehingga perlu adanya pengawasan dari orang tua dalam konsumsi makanan.
Competence of Islamic Religious Education Teachers from The Perspective of the Quran
Authors: Suharsongko M. Edi , Munawiroh Munawiroh , Suharwanto Suharwanto
Published: September 2023

This study aims to obtain a map of the pedagogic, professional, and personality competencies of Islamic religious education teachers from the perspective of the Koran in the city of South Tangerang and their development strategy. This type of research is library and field research using a qualitative descriptive research design. The methodology used in this study is a mixed-method research approach. The object of this research is the teacher of Islamic religious education in South Tangerang. The research data were obtained through questionnaires, observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. Data were analyzed using an interactive data analysis model carried out descriptively. Based on the results of the study shows that the personality competence of Islamic religious education teachers in South Tangerang City on several achievement indicators shows a low level of competence, including; lack of innovation in learning, lack of activating students, lack of self-development, lack of discipline in assignments, not completing assignments thoroughly and improving the quality of personality competence of Islamic religious education teachers, including coaching Islamic religious education teachers, fostering Islamic religious education curricula at the kindergarten, junior high, and high school/vocational school levels, collaboration with the South Tangerang city government in developing Islamic religious education, conducting studies, research and mock studies, holding competitions for students and teachers.
Penyuluhan Manajemen Keuangan Dengan Skala Prioritas Di Pondok Pesantren Azzabur Kajen
Authors: Shafiyya Zahra  , Elma Nurkhanifah  , Aunika Zaski Mindaria  , Hendri Hermawan Adinugraha  , Ria Anisatus Sholihah
Published: September 2023

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada para Santri Putri Az-zabur Kajen yang dilakukan oleh tim pengabdi program studi Akuntansi Syariah UIN KH. Abdurrahman Wahid, merupakan kegiatan pengabdian kepada santri yang menitikberatkan pada pengelolaan keuangan pribadi dengan skala prioritas. Kegiatan ini dibagi menjadi 2 tahap, yaitu tahap pertama berupa pemaparan mengenai manajemen keuangan dengan sekala prioritas keuangan pribadi dan tahap kedua berupa pelatihan membuat skala prioritas kebutuhan pribadi dengan hasil pencatatan yang dilakukan oleh santri putri tersebut, diperoleh hasil bahwa sebanyak 5 santri putri tersebut dapat mengatur pengeluaran pribadi dengan baik karena dari hasil penghitungan diperoleh hasil yang surplus yang artinya pada akhir bulan ada dana sisa yang dapat disimpan (ditabung) / dipergunakan untuk hal yang lain, sedangkan sebanyak 5 santri putri belum dapat mengatur pengeluaran keuangan pribadi dengan baik. Dengan adanya kegiatan ini diharapkan para Santri Pondok Pesantren Az-zabur Kajen dapat memahami cara mengelola keuangan beserta memahami bagaimana cara mencatat keuangan dengan skala prioritas kebutuhan pribadi
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Pada SDS Alwashliyah 13 Pasar Senen
Authors: Sarwandi  , Norenta Sitohang  , Ridwan Syahputra
Published: September 2023

Media pembelajaran interaktif sangat diperlukan untuk pengembangan kemampuan siswa dalam pembelajaran agar tercipta hasil belajar yang optimal. Pemilihan media yang tepat sangat diperlukan untuk proses belajar siswa dan untuk menciptakan minat belajar siswa tentunya perlu dikembangkan media pembelajaran agar pembelajaran tersampaikan dan terserap. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut maka dibuatlah media pembelajaran interaktif di SDS Alwashliyah 13 Pasar Senen. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah guru merasa pengetahuan dan pemahamannya meningkat dalam mengembangkan media pembelajaran interaktif, direkomendasikan kepada Universitas untuk lebih banyak memberikan pelatihan dengan tema pengembangan modul dalam kurikulum Merdeka Belajar.
Penguatan Strategic Management Dalam Upaya Pengembangan Wisata Pijar Park Dawe Kudus
Authors: Suparwi  , Ulin Nuha
Published: September 2023

Pengutan manajemen strategis bagi objek wisata pijar park yang tergolong baru merupakan menjadi kebutuhan penting seiring berdirinya banyak objek wisata disekitaran gunung muria. Perumusan visi dan misi objek wisata agar tujuan dibukanya objek wisata mampu terimplementasikan dengan jelas. Salah satu diantara peranan penting dalam pembangunan suatu daerah adalah adanya objek pariwisata yang berada dalam suatu daerah tertentu. Objek wisata secara tidak langsung memberikan kontribusi lebih pada pendapatan daerah hasil dari keberadaan pariwisata. Sektor pariwisata mampu dijadikan sebagai domain sektor unggulan di dalam perolehan devisa, penciptaan lapangan kerja maupun mengentaskan kemiskinan di daerah wisata. Pengelolaan atau manajemen wisata yang bagus akan berdampak terhadap jumlah wisatawan yang datang untuk berkunjung dan menikmati keindahan dan keberadaan wisata. Implementasi strategi dalam manajemen pariwisata sangat diperlukan untuk memberikan animo terhadap pengunjung dengan tetap mempertahankan keindahan alam, serta menemukan nilai lebih akan keberadaan wisata tersebut. Sasaran pada program pengabdian ini adalah penguatan strategi manajemen dalam upaya pengembangan Wisata Pijar Park yang berlokasi di desa Kajar kecamataan Dawe kabupaten Kudus. Metode pemberdayaan yang dilakukan dalam pengabdian ini adalah menggunakan model pengabdian berbasis PAR (Partisipatory, Action, Research). Model pengabdian berbasis PAR ini memiliki tiga variable kunci yaitu Partisipatory (keterlibatan), Action (aksi), Research (penelitian).
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA SISTEM PENCERNAAN PADA MANUSIA MELALUI METODE PEMBELAJARAN TYPE TALKING STICK PADA SISWA KELAS V SDN 2 PLATAR TAHUN 2022
Authors: Janet Janet , Susianti Oni Marliana
Published: September 2023

Pembelajaran yaitu interaksi dari pendidik, siswa dan sumber pembelajaran, akan tetapi banyak siswa masih malu, dan tidak berusaha berfikir untuk mengutarakan pendapatnya dari pertanyaan yang diberikan oleh guru pada pelajaran IPA. Kondisi tersebut kemungkinan terjadi karena sebagian besar pendidik menggunakan metode satu arah serta tidak memodifikasinya. Metode pembelajaran type talking stick memiliki kelebihan salah satunya melatih siswa agar berani mengemukakan pendapatnya.Tujuan dibuat untuk mengetahui pengaruh peningkatan hasil belajar IPA melalui metode pembelajaran type talking stick pada siswa kelas V. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode PenelitianaTindakan Kelas dengan modellspiral Stephen Kemmis dan Robin Mc. Taggar terdiri dari dua siklus pada dua pertemuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya peningkatan pada hasil belajar siswa. Rata- rata yang didapatkan siswa sebelum tindakan 58,3, setalah tindakan siklus I mengalami peningkatan menjadi 68,3 kemudian pada siklus II meningkat manjadi 79,3. Tujuan pokok metode pembelajaran type talking stick adalah untuk menjadikan siswa lebih aktif sehingga dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
OTORITAS IBADAH OLEH PEMERINTAH: SOLUSI PROBLEM PENETAPAN AWAL RAMADHAN DAN SYAWAL
Authors: Mu’ammar Mu’ammar , Shabir Muslich
Published: September 2023

Abstract

 

Government authorities to set the beginning of Ramadan and Shawwal towards uniformity and binding decisions continue to be pursued. This can be seen from the representation of invitations present at the congregation's congregation, which made the atmosphere of the congregation feel dynamic with various methods and data presented by each group. In this context, this paper will explore the roots of the differences in the early methods of Ramadan and Shawwal, make a comparison of the results of reckoning and ru'yah and offer alternative solutions related to the authority of worship and the possibility of determination through jurisprudence. The government-owned authority must be a supremacy of the law which exceeds other authorities, both traditional, personal and legal rational authorities. As the holder of formal legal authority and has the highest hierarchy in the political system, the government has demonstrated its authority in issuing a number of decisions related to worship. As for the special beginning of Ramadhan and the Syawal of the decision on the results of the trial of itsbat which are then stipulated by the Minister of Religion as the government, then the other authorities should not be entitled anymore, except in the ikhbar level.
UPAYA KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI PROFESIONAL GURU DI MI MUHAMMADIYAH GRIPIT
Authors: Wulandari Nurlaeli , Gera Irega Gelly , Purbaningrum Dwi
Published: September 2023

The aim in this study is to find out how the principal’s efforts in improving professional competence of teacher at MI Muhammadiyah Gripit. The method of the research is field research and it is descriptive qualitative. The location of the research at MI Muhammadiyah Gripit, Banjarmangu. The data sources used include primary data, namely the results of interviews with principals, teacher councils, guardians of students and students itself. Secondary data were obtained from documentation, photos of activities, archives, profiles of schools, and school record.  Data collection techniques were carried out by observation, interviews, and documentation. The validity of the data by using triangulation. Data analysis techniques were carried out by collecting data, reducing data, and presenting data. The results of this study indicate that MI Muhammadiyah Gripit has a competent principal with a board of teacher whose professional level is already good. The position of the teacher as an educator requires a professional ability that is able to support the achievement of educational goals. The problems that occur in connection with increasing the professional competence of teachers at MI Muhammadiyah Gripit relate to:  the gap in the status of PNS and non-PNS teachers and the weak IT skills of teachers at first. Increasing teacher professionalism is an effort made by school principals and school principals play an important role in tackling these problems. With the professional improvement, it is hope that teachers will be able to improve their knowledge, skills and good attitudes. The principal’s efforts to improve the professional competence of teachers include: KKG activities, seminars, training outside and inside the school, regular meetings held with teachers to discuss teacher problems.
IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN KURIKULUM DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN (Studi Kasus Di SMP N 7 Pemalang)
Authors: Zaenul Ibad Akhmad , Nurazami Dinda Setia
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini digunanakan untuk mengkaji mengenai Implementasi Manajemen Kurikulum  dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan di SMP N 7 Pemalang, mendeskripsikan tentang manajemen kurikulum agar dapat meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran di SMP N 7 Pemalang.Bertujuan untuk mengentahui perencanaan, pengembangan, pelaksanaan dan pengorganisasian kurikulum untuk meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran.Metode yang digunakan peneliti dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan teknik analisis data deskripsi induktif.Analisa dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan semua hasil wawancara yang diperoleh dari informasi dan observasi yang peneliti lakukan dimana datanya masih bersifat khusus. Hasil penelitian menunjukan: (1) pelaksanaan kurikulum di sekolah SMP N 7 Pemalang dengan mengikutsertakan personel sekolah dalam semua tahap perencanaan kurikulum tersebut dengan mempertimbangkan visi dan misi sekolah; (2) pengembangan kurikulum di sekolah SMP N 7 Pemalang menggunakan kurikulum merdeka untuk kelas 7 dan kurikulum 2013 untuk kelas 8 dan 9; (3) Pelaksanaan kurikulum yang dilakukan pihak sekolah adalah dengan penerapan proyek penguatan profil pelajar pancasila dan penerapan pembelajaran yang fokus kepada peserta didik; (4) Pengorganisasian kurikulum di SMP N 7 Pemalang meliputi membagi tugas mengajar bagi guru sesuai dengan bidang keahlian masing-masing, mengupayakan agar guru mengajar 5 hari dalam 1 minggu, menyususn jadwal kegiatan perbaikan/remidi, mengadakan les dan try out, menyususn jadwal kegiatan ektra kurikuler, menyusun jadwal, dan menyusun jadwal pertemuan guru secara bergiliran.
STRATEGI KEPALA MADRASAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN CITRA MADRASAH DI MTs MA’ARIF NU KALIGIRI KECAMATAN SIRAMPOG KABUPATEN BREBES
Authors: Nisa Elnisa
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine the strategy of the head of madrasah in improving the image of the madrasah in Madrasah Tsanawiyah Ma'arif Nahdhatul Ulama 'Kaligiri, Sirampog District, Brebes Regency. In addition to knowing the strategy of the head of madrasah in improving the image, he also knows the implications of implementing the strategy by the head of madrasah which has an impact on improving the quality of madrasah academics.  This type of research is qualitative research. In completing this research, the researcher collected data in the form of interview manuscripts, observations, field documentation, and other supporting official documents. So that a complete picture can be obtained of the research conducted by researchers.  The results of this study illustrate that the image of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Ma'arif Nahdhatul Ulama 'Kaligiri, Sirampog District, Brebes Regency can be categorized as good. This is indicated by the increasing public trust in the Madrasah with the increasing number of students. The strategy of the head of madrasah in improving the image of the madrasah is by carrying out internal improvements through increasing the competence of teachers and education personnel, collaborating with related parties, arranging administrative systems and governance and conducting intense promotions to the community. The implications of the madrasah principal's strategy in improving the image can be seen from the increase in academic and non-academic achievement
PROBLEMATIKA PEMBELAJARAN DARING PADA SISWA KELAS III MI MIFTAHUL ULUM KEJENE RANDUDONGKAL KABUPATEN PEMALANG
Authors: Rahmawati Niken
Published: September 2023

Tujuan  yang hendak  dicapai  dalam  penelitian  ini  adalah  :  1)  Untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring pada siswa kelas III di MI Miftahul Ulum Desa Kejene Kecamatan Randudongkal Kabutaten Pemalang 2) Untuk mengetahui problematika atau permasalahan pembelajaran  daring  pada siswa   kelas   III   MI Miftahul Ulum Desa Kejene Kecamatan Randudongkal Kabutaten Pemalang 3) Untuk  mengetahui  upaya atau  solusi  apa  yang  dilakukan  untuk  menyelesaikan  permasalahan pembelajaran Daring  di MI Miftahul Ulum Desa Kejene Kecamatan Randudongkal Kabutaten Pemalang.

Peneliti ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi.   Analisis  data  dalam  penelitian   ini   meliputi   redukasi  data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Pengecekan keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber data dan triangulasi metode.

Hasil  penelitian  ini  menyimpulkan  bahwa  (1)  Pada  Proses pembelajaran daring guru di MI Miftahul Ulum Desa Kejene Kecamatan Randudongkal Kabutaten Pemalang sudah berjalan dengan baik karena guru memberikan tugas dan materi dengan memanfaatkan media android dengan menggunakan grup kelas; (2)  Pada proses pembelajaran daring guru mengalami  masalah  atau  kendala  pertama,  masalah  berkaitan dengan    kompetensi    guru,  kedua,  masalah  perbedaan  tingkat  pemahaman peserta  didik,  ketiga,  permasalahan orang tua yang tidak  memiliki  android, keempat kurangnya kerjasama orang tua dan siswa, kelima keterbatasan sarana dan prasarana; (3) Solusi yang yang untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan yang muncul pada saat pembelajaran daring di MI Miftahul Ulum Desa Kejene Kecamatan Randudongkal Kabutaten Pemalang adalah  pertama,  meningkatkan kompetensi guru menggunakan/mengoperasionalkan teknologi, kedua memberi bimbingan atau pendampingan anak secara kelompok atau individual, ketiga mengadakan  penyuluhan  kepada  wali  murid tentang pentingnya  penggunaan android, keempat memberikan pengertian kepada orang tua tentang pentingnya kerjasama orang tua dan siswa, kelima memperbanyak buku paket.
KAJIAN STUDI ISLAM DENGAN PENDEKATAN KONSTEKSTUAL (Teori dan Aplikasi)
Authors: Bakhri Amirul
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Earthing of Islamic teachings becomes a necessity in human life. Islam as a religious teaching that brings grace to humanity, is expected to solve various problems faced in human life as time goes by many problems that must be answered by the teachings of Islam. The demand for such teachings of Islam, can be answered when the understanding of Islam by using various approaches that can provide answers to problems that arise one of them is with a contextual approach. The understanding of Islam with this contextual approach is an attempt to trace the historical elements that surround a legal text, and then influence those elements for the understanding or application of a text or law. In this paper seeks to explain the study of the text of the Qur'an with a contextual approach to the theory and its application.

Keywords: Contextual Approach, Alquran, Islamic Study Approach

 

Abstrak

Pembumian ajaran agama Islam menjadi sebuah keniscayaan dalam kehidupan manusia. Islam sebagai sebuah ajaran agama yang membawa rahmat bagi manusia, diharapkan dapat memecahkan berbagai persoalan-persoalan yang di hadapi dalam kehidupan manusia yang seiring berjalan nya waktu banyak persoalan yang harus dijawab oleh ajaran Islam. Tuntutan terhadap ajaran agama Islam yang demikian, dapat dijawab manakala pemahaman agama Islam dengan menggunakan berbagai macam pendekatan-pendekatan yang dapat memberikan jawaban terhadap masalah yang timbul salah satunya adalah dengan pendekatan kontekstual. Pemahaman agama Islam dengan pendekatan kontekstual ini merupakan upaya melacak unsur-unsur sejarah yang melingkupi sebuah teks hukum, kemudian memberi pengaruh bagi unsur-unsur itu bagi pemahaman atau penerapan sebuah teks atau hukum. Dalam tulisan ini berupaya menjelaskan kajian teks Alquran dengan pendekatan kontekstual dengan teori dan aplikasinya.

Kata Kunci: Pendekatan Kontekstual, Alquran, Pendekatan Studi Islam
Comparison The Use Transparent Dressing With Conventional Fixation on Phlebitis Rates In Rumkitban 05.08.03 Sidoarjo
Authors: Aziz Abdul
Published: September 2023

Phlebitis is a major problem faced throughout the world and this incidence continues to increase. Phlebitis that occurs mechanically occurs when the type of fixation of the sterile gauze plaster is not strong enough or is not sticky enough, causing a change in the position of the catheter or friction in the internal area of the blood vessel which results in inflammation. Efforts to prevent the occurrence of phlebitis can be done by using a transparent dressing which can minimize bacteria entering through the attached vein, thereby reducing the occurrence of phlebitis. The aim of this research is to analyze the comparison of the use of Transparent Dressing with gauze on Phlebitis rates in RUMKITBAN 05.08.03 Sidoarjo. The design of this study is a comparative study, knowing the use of transparent dressings with conventional dressings. The number of samples taken using consecutive sampling was 73 patients. data collection method using an observation sheet instrument, the independent variables are Transparent dressing and conventional fixation, while the dependent variable is Phlebitis. In this study, researchers used SPSS software to carry out the Chi square test for research data analysis. Based on the results of the research and data analysis that has been carried out, it can be It was concluded that the results of research conducted on 73 respondents showed that there was a difference or influence between the use of Transparent Dressing and conventional dressing on Phlebitis rates at RUMKITBAN 05.08.03 Sidoarjo. From the research results, the author believes that the use of transparent dressings can prevent the entry of microorganisms that will enter intravenously because transparent dressings have no circulation at all.
Utility of Whole Slide Imaging for Intraoperative Consultation: Experience of a Large Academic Center
Authors: Shehabeldin Ahmed , Rohra Prih , Sellen Linton D. , Zhao Jianping , Alqaidy Doaa , Aramin Hermineh , Hameed Nadia , Perez Ydamis Estrella , Lai Zongshan , Tong Yi Tat , Milton Denái R. , Edgerton Mary E. , Fuller Gregory , Hansel Donna , Prieto Victor G. , Ballester Leomar Y. , Aung Phyu P.
Published: September 2023

Context.—

In the United States, review of digital whole slide images (WSIs) using specific systems is approved for primary diagnosis but has not been implemented for intraoperative consultation.

Objective.—

To evaluate the safety of review of WSIs and compare the efficiency of review of WSIs and glass slides (GSs) for intraoperative consultation.

Design.—

Ninety-one cases previously submitted for frozen section evaluation were randomly selected from 8 different anatomic pathology subspecialties. GSs from these cases were scanned on a Leica Aperio AT2 scanner at ×20 magnification (0.25 μm/pixel). The slides were deidentified, and a short relevant clinical history was provided for each slide. Nine board-certified general pathologists who do not routinely establish primary diagnoses using WSIs reviewed the WSIs using Leica Aperio ImageScope viewing software. After a washout period of 2–3 weeks, the pathologists reviewed the corresponding GSs using a light microscope (Olympus BX43). The pathologists recorded the diagnosis and time to reach the diagnosis. Intraobserver concordance, time to diagnosis, and specificity and sensitivity compared to the original diagnosis were evaluated.

Results.—

The rate of intraobserver concordance between GS results and WSI results was 93.7%. Mean time to diagnosis was 1.25 minutes for GSs and 1.76 minutes for WSIs (P < .001). Specificity was 91% for GSs and 90% for WSIs; sensitivity was 92% for GSs and 92% for WSIs.

Conclusions.—

Time to diagnosis was longer with WSIs than with GSs, and scanning GSs and uploading the data to whole slide imaging systems takes time. However, review of WSIs appears to be a safe alternative to review of GSs. Use of WSIs allows reporting from a remote site during a public health emergency such as the COVID-19 pandemic and facilitates subspecialty histopathology services.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Akademik Öz-yeterlik, Azim, Akademik Yılmazlık ve Okul Tükenmişliği Arasındaki İlişkiler
Authors: Cengiz Serkan
Published: September 2023

Ortaöğretim sonrası aileden ve sosyal çevreden ilk kez ayrılma ve yeni bir çevreye uyum sağlama, üniversite öğrencilerini özellikle strese yatkın hale getirebilir. Üniversite yaşamında sınıf arkadaşları ve akademisyenlerle yaşanan sorunlar, akademik rekabet ve ayrıca arkadaşlardan algılanan destek eksikliği yaşanan stresi artırarak okul tükenmişliği gibi yaygın bir sorunu ortaya çıkarabilir. Tükenmişlik, günümüzde çoğunlukla farklı meslek alanlarında ortaya çıkan dikkat çekici bir duygusal sorundur. Bununla birlikte son zamanlarda bu alandaki çalışmaların öğrencilere yönelik tasarlandığı dikkat çekmektedir. Diğer taraftan bu sendromun üniversite öğrencisi popülasyonundaki yaygınlığı hem ulusal hem de uluslararası bilimsel literatürde sınırlı düzeyde ele alınmıştır. Tükenmişlik düzeyi yüksek olan üniversite öğrencileri, okula karşı mesafeli bir tutum sergileyebilmekte ve kendilerini yetersiz hissedebilmektedir. Tükenmişlik olgusunun üniversite öğrencileri arasındaki yaygınlığının araştırılması ve koruyucu mekanizmaların tespiti, eğitim planlarında gelecekte yaşanabilecek olası zorlukları önleyebilir ve akademik başarı için önemli bir fırsat yaratabilir. Bu bağlamda üniversite öğrencilerinde okul tükenmişliğinin önlenmesi ve azaltılmasında bazı kişisel kaynakların (akademik öz-yeterlik, azim ve akademik yılmazlık vb.) incelenmesinin önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Etkili Bir Okuyucu Olmanın Yolu: Akıcı Okumayı Keşfetmek
Authors: Aşıkcan Mehmet
Published: September 2023

Bebeklik döneminde temelleri atılan okuma becerisini hayatımızın her aşamasında kullanmaktayız. Bu beceri sadece akademik beceriler için değil günlük yaşantımızı sürdürmek için önemli bir role sahiptir. Okumanın öğrenilmesi ve geliştirilmesinde çeşitli unsurlar söz konusudur. Bu unsurlar sayesinde yazılı materyalleri seslendirmenin ötesine geçilerek anlamlar oluşturmaya ve hayat dair bakış açıları geliştirilebilmektedir. Günümüz eğitim anlayışındaki okuryazarlık becerilerinde de bu gelişim beklenmektedir. Okumanın geliştirilmesinde söz konusu unsurlardan birisi de akıcı okumadır. Bu kavram zaman zaman hızlı okuma ile karıştırılıyor olsa da ilkokul okuma eğitiminde sıklıkla geçmektedir. Söz konusu kavramın önemi doğru bir şekilde açıklanmalı ve ilkokulda nasıl yararlanılacağı örneklendirilmelidir. İlkokul Türkçe programında da yer almasından dolayı bu becerinin sınıf öğretmenleri tarafından doğru bir şekilde kavranmalı ve geliştirilmelidir. Bu çalışmada da okuma eğitiminde akıcı okumanın önemi vurgulanmış ve akıcı okuma kavramı detaylı olarak incelenmiştir. Alanyazın incelemesine dayalı bu çalışmada, öncelikle okumanın çok boyutlu bir süreç olduğu ve çeşitli bileşenlerden oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. Akıcı okumanın, okuduğunu anlamayı doğrudan etkileyen kritik bir okuma bileşeni olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Akıcı okumanın, doğru okuma, okuma hızı ve prozodi alt bileşenlerinden oluştuğu belirlenerek bu bileşenler tek tek açıklanmıştır. Ayrıca akıcı okumanın, kelime tanıma ve anlama arasında köprü görevi gördüğü saptanmıştır. Akıcı okuma ve okuduğunu anlamanın ölçülmesine ilişkin farklı değerlendirme teknikleri irdelenmiştir. Daha sonrasında akıcı okumayı geliştirici çeşitli yöntemler/stratejiler sentezlenmiş ve örneklendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, akıcı okumanın öğrencilerin okuma ve öğrenme becerilerini geliştirmede kritik bir öneme sahip olduğu vurgulanmıştır. Bu sonuç, akıcı okuma eğitiminin 21. yüzyıl becerilerini desteklediğinin ve bu nedenle önemini koruduğunun kanıtıdır. Akıcı okuma stratejilerinin öğrencilerin bireysel farklılıkları gözetilerek uygulanması gerektiği savunulmuştur.
Otorite, İtaat ve Eğitim
Authors: Alagöz Bülent , Ongur Fatma
Published: September 2023

Bu yazıda, sosyal psikoloji alanının önemle üzerinde durduğu, otorite ve itaat kavramlarına ve itaat ve otoritenin eğitimdeki konumuna değineceğiz. Önemli sosyal psikologlardan olan Stanley Milgram, Solomon Asch ve Muzaffer Şerif’in deneylerinden yola çıkarak, ilk olarak otoriteye, ikinci olarak itaate, üçüncü olarak otoriteye itaatin nedenlerine ve son olarak da eğitim sisteminin, otoriteyi nasıl aşıladığına ve itaati, öğrencilere nasıl olumlamaya çalıştığına vurgu yapacağız. Ayrıca bu eğitim sistemiyle eğitilen bireylerin, otoriteye itaat etmek konusunda hiçbir zorluk yaşamadıklarına, eleştirel düşünceden, sorgulamaktan, dahası birey olmaktan kendilerini mahrum ettiklerini göreceğiz. Eğitim sisteminin, her anlamda yetkin bireyler yetiştirmek olan amacının, sistem içerisinde bu durumu, kendi elleriyle yok ettiğine ve bünyesindeki çelişkiye de ayrıca değineceğiz. Dahası eğitim sisteminin, otoriter güçler tarafından öğrencileri itaat etmeye uygun hale getirip, tabiri caizse ehlileştirdiği fikrini de savunuyoruz. Bu eğitimin nasıl verildiğini de, sosyal psikoloji alanındaki önemli deneylerden yola çıkarak açıklamaya çalışmaktayız.
Öğretmenlerin Çok Kültürlü Eğitim Öz-Yeterliğinin Yordayıcıları: TALIS 2018 Türkiye Örneklemi
Authors: Gündeğer Ceylan
Published: September 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, öğretmenlerin çok kültürlü eğitim öz-yeterliğini yordayan değişkenlerin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla, TALIS 2018 Öğretmen Anketi’nin Türkiye örneklemine ait veri seti ele alınmıştır. Öncelikle veri setindeki cinsiyet, yaş, çalışma durumu, eğitim düzeyi, kıdem, ilk kariyer tercihi değişkenleri ile çok kültürlü eğitim öz-yeterliği arasındaki ilişkiler nokta çift serili ve Spearman korelasyon katsayısı ile t ve F testi yardımıyla incelenmiştir. Ardından, TALIS 2018 uygulamasında yer alan çok kültürlü eğitim öz-yeterlik, öğretme pratikleri, öz-yeterlik algısı, çeşitlilik pratikleri, öğretmen işbirliği ölçeklerinin model-veri uyumları doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yardımıyla, güvenirlikleri ise Cronbach Alfa ve McDonald Omega katsayıları ile belirlenmiştir. Bu ölçeklerden elde edilen puanlar arasındaki ilişkiler, ölçek puanlarının normal dağılım göstermesi sebebiyle, Pearson korelasyon katsayısı ile ortaya koyulmuştur. Analiz varsayımları test edilerek, çok kültürlü eğitim öz-yeterlik değişkeni bağımlı ve diğer ölçek puanları ile bağımlı değişkenle ilişkili olduğu görülen kıdem ve ilk kariyer tercihi dummy değişkenleri bağımsız değişkenler olacak şekilde çoklu regresyon analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, yaş, kıdem ve ilk kariyer tercihi değişkenleri ile öğretmenlerin çok kültürlü eğitim öz-yeterliği arasında düşük düzeyde fakat anlamlı ilişkiler olduğu; cinsiyet, çalışma durumu, eğitim düzeyi ile çok kültürlü eğitim öz-yeterliği arasında manidar bir ilişki bulunmadığı görülmüştür. Öğretmenlerin çok kültürlü eğitim öz-yeterlikleri ile öğretme pratikleri, öz-yeterlik algısı, çeşitlilik pratikleri, öğretmen işbirliği değişkenlerinin ise orta düzeyde manidar ilişkiler gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Çoklu regresyon analizi sonucunda, öğretmenlerin çok kültürlü eğitim öz-yeterliklerinin en güçlü yordayıcılarının sırasıyla öğretmen öz-yeterliği, öğretme pratikleri, çeşitlilik pratikleri, kıdem ve öğretmen işbirliği olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu değişkenlerin bir arada bağımlı değişkendeki varyansın ancak %22’sini açıklayabildiği görülmüştür.
An Examination of the English Language Teaching (ELT) Curriculum in Two Asian Nations
Authors: Özkanal Ümit
Published: September 2023

In order to effectively navigate global interactions and engage in various activities, it is imperative for individuals to possess proficiency in at least one language as a global citizen. English, as the global language of communication, is widely regarded as the most extensively learned foreign or second language around the globe. Nations that aspire to educate and instruct its populace in the English language develop their English Language Teaching (ELT) curriculum and implement them in order to achieve their intended outcomes. Countries design and implement their English Language Teaching (ELT) curriculum based on their specific requirements and the resources at their disposal. These curricula are regularly updated and enhanced to meet evolving needs. The present study has centered its attention on two nations, namely the Philippines, recognized as a country with a high level of proficiency in English Language Teaching (ELT), and Japan, identified as a country with a low level of proficiency in ELT based on the results of the English Proficiency Index (EPI). The data were collected through the utilization of the document analysis methodology, with the documents being sourced from both online platforms and the ministries of education of the respective countries involved. The data has undergone thorough examination, and the results on the English Language Teaching (ELT) curriculum of the respective countries have been documented. In conclusion, the author has provided a brief comparison of the situation in Turkey with that of two other countries. In conclusion, it can be deduced that the aforementioned nations, in conjunction with Turkey, have implemented similar strategies, methodologies, and protocols. The ELT curricula in Japan, Turkey, and the Philippines exhibit commonalities with regards to their aims, content, teaching and learning contexts, and assessment practices. In order to attain elevated levels of competence, it is imperative for countries, particularly Japan and Turkey, to undertake a thorough evaluation and revision of their English Language Teaching (ELT) curriculum, as indicated by the EFI EPI 2022. The effective implementation and continuous updating of the updated curricula are of utmost importance.
The Human Aspect of Teaching: A Case Study on Teacher-Student Rapport
Authors: Erkol Hilal , Aslanargun Engin
Published: September 2023

Building strong relationships with students and creating a happy learning environment are indications of teacher-student rapport, which has an impact on students' psychological, behavioural, and academic outcomes. Therefore, this study aims to determine how students perceive their relationships with their teachers as developing concepts. A case study approach was used in this study, which is a kind of design for qualitative research or an object of study as well as a result of the inquiry. The 138 students who were voluntarily chosen from the 9th to 12th grades of an Anatolian high school in Kocaeli, Turkey, were the subjects of the data collection. The authors concurrently conducted a content analysis to reveal the fundamental meaning and structure of these opinions while collecting data from a convenience sample. According to research findings, teachers adopt a variety of rapport-building tactics that can either be favourably or poorly received by students. Effective rapport-building tactics include caring, which has the subthemes of appreciation and connectedness; patience and attention; love and esteem; and teaching, which only has the subtheme of being precious and successful. Poor rapport-building tactics include poor interpersonal interactions, which include the subthemes of indifference and discrimination, communication errors, threatening behaviour, and using derogatory language, and teaching, which has the subtheme of unsuccessful classroom management.
Exploring the Complexities of National Identity Through Theories of Nationalism
Authors: Gözler Çamur Elif
Published: September 2023

This study delves into the intricate realm of literature dedicated to exploring the concepts of nation and nationalism. Within this discourse, two dominant paradigms, primordialism and modernism, serve as the focal points of analysis. Primordialism portrays nations as age-old structures inherent in human nature, with scholars like Geertz and Van den Berghe offering insights into the enduring power of ethnicity and cultural identity. This perspective is rooted in the belief that nations are intrinsic facets of the human experience, connected by bonds of language, race, religion, and customs.
In contrast, modernism challenges the antiquity of nations, portraying them as recent constructs forged by nationalist movements. Figures such as Hobsbawm, Anderson, and Gellner frame nations as "imagined communities" and cultural artifacts closely tied to industrialization, standardization, and elite manipulation.
Throughout the discourse, the pivotal role of elites in shaping nationalist ideologies emerges as a common thread, transcending the boundaries of primordialism and modernism. Whether viewed as custodians of ancient traditions or architects of contemporary national identities, elites wield significant influence in the formation of nations.
This study concludes by highlighting the complexity of the subject, emphasizing that nations are products of their time, shaped by historical events, socio-cultural changes, and the agency of individuals and elites. It underscores the enduring debate surrounding the nature and origins of nations, inviting ongoing inquiry and discussion in the ever-evolving path of human civilization.
Sağlık Hizmetlerinin Kamu Malları Açısından Değerlendirmesi
Authors: Ercan Hüseyin , Kıratoğlu Emrah
Published: September 2023

Devletin var olma gerekçelerinden birisi de insanların toplumsal özelliğe sahip ihtiyaçlarını karşılamaktır. Kişiler, özel gereksinimlerini piyasa sistemi yardımıyla, kamusal gereksinimlerini ise siyasi süreç yardımıyla yerine getirirler. Mal ve hizmetler çeşitli şekillerde sınıflandırılmaktadır. Samuelson malları kamusal mallar ve özel mallar olarak iki gruba ayırmıştır. Kamu malları, piyasa dışı, kamu üretimi yoluyla sağlanan mal ve hizmetlerdir. Bunlar kolektif seçim yoluyla yaratılan, toplu olarak ödenen ve alıcılara ücretsiz (veya maliyetin altında) sağlanan mallardır. Kamusal mal olarak sağlık hizmetlerini değerlendirmek için iki gruba ayırabiliriz. Birinci gruba önleyici ve koruyucu sağlık hizmetlerini; ikinci gruba tedavi edici sağlık hizmetlerini dâhil edebiliriz. Önleyici ve koruyucu sağlık hizmetleri dışsal maliyetleri önlemesi nedeniyle faydası sadece hizmetten yararlanana değil tüm bireylere yayılmaktadır. Tedavi edici sağlık hizmetleri ise kişiye faydası yüksek olduğu gibi sosyal faydası da bulunmaktadır. Bu iki sağlık grubu da bireylerin ve toplumun sağlık düzeyini yükselttiği için işgücü verimliliğine olumlu katkısı olacaktır. Verimlilik artışı sonucunda ülkenin milli gelirine de olumlu yansıyacaktır. Bu çalışmada, ilk önce kamu malları ve sağlık hizmetleri kavramları, sınıflandırılması, özellikleri açıklanacak; daha sonra sağlık hizmetlerinin kamu malları açısından değerlendirmesi yapılacaktır.
İş Örneklemesi Yoluyla Kapasite Planlama
Authors: Aka Salih
Published: September 2023

Kapasite planlama bir işletmenin mevcut ve potansiyel kaynaklarından faydalanma durumunu göstermesi açısından üretim faktörleri için hayati önem taşımaktadır. Ana üretim programlama, malzeme ihtiyaç programlama gibi üretim planlamanın gerçekleştirildiği çizelgeleme çalışmaları kapasite planlama ile birlikte çalışmaktadır. İş analizi yoluyla işletmenin üretim kaynakları olan çalışanlar ve makinelerin performans takibi yapılamadığı durumlarda iş örneklemesi istatistiki altyapısı ile standart zaman hesabı için kullanılabilmektedir. Çalışmada kapasite planlama için ihtiyaç duyulan standart zamanlar öncelikle iş örneklemesi yoluyla elde edilmiş sonrasında kapasite planlama adımları doğrultusunda işletmenin potansiyel kapasitesi hesaplanmıştır. Mevcut durum ve potansiyel durum karşılaştırması işletmenin verimlilik konfigürasyonunu ortaya koymaktadır. Rutin zaman etüdü yapılamayan işletmelerde kapasite planlama yapabilmenin alternatif bir yolunu gösterdiğinden, çalışmanın uygulayıcılar açısından faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
The Institutions and Organizations Supporting Women's Entrepreneurship in Palestine: A Gender Analysis
Authors: Aid Rita R. Y. , Gürkan Senem
Published: September 2023

In recent decades, entrepreneurship has emerged as a key driver of economic growth and development worldwide. Its ability to generate employment opportunities, reduce unemployment, and alleviate poverty has made it an essential component of modern societies. Women’s entrepreneurship in particular has been recognized as a critical contributor to economic growth and social success. However, female entrepreneurs face unique challenges in starting and growing their businesses due to various economic, social, cultural, and psychological factors. These challenges are particularly pronounced in developing countries such as Palestine.
To support women entrepreneurs in Palestine, numerous organizations and associations have been established to help overcome these challenges. The purpose of this study is to investigate the institutions and organizations supporting women’s entrepreneurship in Palestine from a gender equality perspective.
The study findings reveal that there are several institutions and organizations in Palestine actively supporting women's entrepreneurship with a specific emphasis on gender equality. These initiatives encompass mentorship programs, training workshops, improved access to finance, networking platforms, and efforts to advocate for policy reforms. To enhance the support provided to women entrepreneurs, recommended solutions include bolstering institutional assistance, delivering customized training and mentorship programs, ensuring equitable access to financial resources, fostering collaboration and networking opportunities, and advocating for gender-responsive policies. Implementing these solutions will help cultivate a favourable environment for women entrepreneurs, enabling their economic empowerment and driving sustainable economic growth in the region.