bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Platelet Extracellular Vesicles in Cord Blood of Term and Preterm Newborns Assayed by Flow Cytometry: the Effect of Delay in Sample Preparation and of Sample Freezing
Authors: Hujacova A. , Brozova T. , Mosko T. , Kostelanska M. , Stranak Z. , Holada Karel
Published: August 2023

Plasma levels of circulating platelet extracellular vesicles (PEVs) are an emerging marker of platelet activation, thrombosis, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Analysis of PEVs in cord blood of preterm newborns may reflect the underlying pathology and possibly serve as a new diagnostic and prognostic tool. However, collection, preparation and analysis of cord blood samples in clinical settings is a logistically complex process. We have studied the effect of delay in sample preparation and sample freezing on the PEV analysis by flow cytometry. PEVs in the cord blood plasma were identified after double labelling with monoclonal antibodies CD36+CD41 or CD41+CD62. Both, the delay and the freezing significantly affected the count and often also fluorescence of the detected PEVs. Additionally, our pilot study utilizing fresh cord blood samples of term and preterm newborns demonstrated significantly decreased CD36 and CD62 PEV fluorescence in preterm newborns. Our data highlight the importance of pre-analytical steps in the analysis of cord blood PEVs and suggest that not only the count, but also the level of PEV fluorescence may have possible diagnostic potential.
An Exploration of the Link Between Civic Engagement and Community Development in Lusaka District Zambia
Authors: Matole Adrian , Kawila Lushinga Eliazer , Simui Francis , Muleya Gistered
Published: August 2023

In a democratic nation like Zambia, Civic engagement is expected to improve the wellbeing of the people in the community. Given the expected outcome of Civic engagement, this article explored the link between Civic engagement and community development in Lusaka district, Zambia. The study rids on case study design to generate evidence on the link between civic engagement and community development. The objective of this article was to explore the link between civic engagement and community development. Data was generated from a total sample of 23 participants. Finding of this research were that civic engagement act as a reflection of citizen’s ownership of community development, interface in solving community problems and facilitator in preferential option for those in absolute poverty. Findings also revealed that civic engagement helps to strengthen national governance. Therefore, this article concludes that in order to make democracy a reality and meaningful, civic life should result into community transformation.  The article recommends that there is need for Ministry of local government and rural development to enhance and create more structures were citizens can interface more often with civic leaders.
Dziewczyna, kwiat i śmierć. O powieści »Do tmy« Anny Bolavej
Authors: Gierowski Piotr
Published: August 2023

Artykuł stanowi próbę analizy i interpretacji powieści W ciemność Anny Bolavej. Postać głównej bohaterki Anny Bartakovej analizowana jest przez pryzmat intertekstualnych nawiązań do literatury czeskiego romantyzmu (twórczość K. H. Máchy i K. J. Erbena) oraz jej znaczeń symbolicznych generowanych przez związki z kontekstem biblijnym. Istotną część artykułu stanowi wreszcie opis afektywnego wymiaru działania i funkcjonowania bohaterki oraz charakterystyka szczególnej poe- tyki, które służy do wyrażenia tego aspektu.
Percentile Rankings and Position Differences for Absolute and Allometrically Scaled Performance Measures From the National Football League Scouting Combine
Authors: Gillen Zachary M.
Published: August 2023

Gillen, ZM. Percentile rankings and position differences for absolute and allometrically scaled performance measures from the National Football League scouting combine. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2023—This study aimed to provide percentile rankings for absolute and allometrically scaled performance measures for National Football League (NFL) Scouting Combine subjects and determine if allometric scaling affected position-specific differences in performance measures. Subjects included American football players (n = 3,015) who participated in the NFL Scouting Combines between 2015 and 2019. Subjects were divided into position groups: defensive backs (DBs, n = 562), defensive linemen (DL, n = 498), linebackers (LBs, n = 395), offensive linemen (OL, n = 505), running backs (RBs, n = 303), tight ends (TEs, n = 165), quarterbacks (QBs, n = 165), and wide receivers (WRs, n = 422). Performance measures included 40-yd dash time (with 10- and 20-yd split times), bench press repetitions to failure, vertical jump height, broad jump distance, pro-agility time, and L-cone drill time. Descriptive statistics were computed for all performance metrics and allometrically scaled performance metrics. One-way analyses of variance tested for position group differences for absolute and allometrically scaled performance measures. Percentile rankings for absolute and allometrically scaled performance measures were determined. Position-specific differences for absolute performance measures indicated that DB and WR tended to be faster, jump higher and further, and have greater change-of-direction capabilities compared with LB, QB, RB, and TE, who scored better in these respects than OL and DL. Allometric scaling revealed that DL, LB, RB, and TE tended to have superior performance than DB and WR, with QB and OL having the poorest performance. This study provides percentile rankings and the equation and parameters by which coaches and practitioners may allometrically scale data for evaluations of normalized performance measures from the NFL Scouting Combine.
Analysis of Accumulated Workloads and Performance Testing Across a Collegiate Women's Lacrosse Season
Authors: Fields Jennifer B. , Kuhlman Nicholas M. , Jagim Andrew R. , Dulak-sigler Corey , Jones Margaret T.
Published: August 2023

Fields, JB, Kuhlman, NM, Jagim, AR, Dulak-sigler, C, and Jones, MT. Analysis of accumulated workloads and performance testing across a collegiate women's lacrosse season. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2023—Monitoring accumulated workloads, acute:chronic workload ratios (ACWR), and training monotony (TM) are practical methods for monitoring athlete physical stress. Performance testing provides useful information about the changing nature of physical abilities. Therefore, the purpose was to examine differences in accumulated workloads based on session type, explore seasonal trends in ACWR and TM, and assess changes in performance assessments in collegiate women's lacrosse athletes. Athletes, who were identified as starters (n = 12), wore positional monitoring technology during training sessions (n = 61) and games (n = 17) and completed preseason and postseason assessments of speed, agility, power (jump tests), strength, aerobic capacity, and body composition. Separate 1-way analyses of variance were used to determine differences in accumulated workloads for session type and differences in performance assessments from preseason to postseason (p < 0.05). When compared with games, practice sessions elicited greater (p < 0.001) accumulated total distance, player load, repeated high-intensity efforts, accelerations, change of direction, explosive efforts, high-speed efforts (p = 0.002), and high-speed distance (p = 0.002). Throughout the season, ACWR and TM ranged from 0.16 to 1.40 AU and 0.68–1.69 AU, respectively. The 40-yd sprint (p < 0.001) and pro-agility (p < 0.001) improved from preseason to postseason, whereas no changes in aerobic capacity, lower-body power, or strength were observed (p > 0.05). The monitoring of accumulated loads, ACWR and TM, and performance tests revealed novel information about the seasonal demands of collegiate women's lacrosse. Women lacrosse players are able to improve speed and agility throughout the season, while maintaining strength, power, and endurance, with minimal reductions in fat-free mass.
Two Days Versus Four Days of Training Cessation Following a Step-Taper in Powerlifters
Authors: Burke Benjamin I. , Carroll Kevin M. , Travis S. Kyle , Stone Margaret E. , Stone Michael H.
Published: August 2023

Burke, BI, Carroll, KM, Travis, SK, Stone, ME, and Stone, MH. Two days versus four days of training cessation following a step-taper in powerlifters. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2023—Tapering and training cessation are methods of training load management aimed at optimizing athlete preparedness leading into competition. Such practices are often used by strength sport athletes such as powerlifters (i.e., athletes who compete in the back squat [BS], bench press [BP], and deadlift [DL]). The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in maximal strength, subjective recovery and stress state, and body composition alterations in strength athletes undergoing a 1-week step-taper followed by either a 2-day (2D) or 4-day (4D) period of training cessation. Twelve powerlifters (22.3 ± 2.1 yrs; 92.1 ± 20.4 kg; 174.8 ± 7.5 cm) completed a 6-week training protocol aimed at peaking 1 repetition maximum (1RM) strength on BS, BP, and DL. Body composition, subjective recovery and stress state, and 1RM on BS, BP, and DL were assessed before an overreach week (T1) and after the periods of training cessation (T2) for each group. Alpha criterion was set at p ≤ 0.05. There were significant increases in BP (p = 0.032, g = 0.10), powerlifting total (p = 0.014, g = 0.11), and DOTS score (p = 0.006, g = 0.12) after 2D of cessation. However, after 4D of cessation, significant increases were only observed in DL (p = 0.019, g = 0.11) along with significant decreases in BP (p = 0.003, g = −0.13). There were no statistically significant changes in any other variable for either group indicating that BS, psychometric, and body composition data were maintained between T1 and T2. The results of this study support the use of 1-week step-tapers, followed by a short period of training cessation (2–4D) to maintain or improve maximal strength performance.
Strong but Fragmented Memory of a Stressful Episode
Authors: Grob Anna-Maria , Ehlers Denise , Schwabe Lars
Published: August 2023

While it is commonly assumed that stressful events are vividly remembered, it remains largely unknown whether all aspects of memory for a stressful episode are enhanced. In this preregistered study, we tested whether stress enhances later remembering of individual elements of a stressful episode at the cost of impaired processing of the association between these elements. Therefore, male and female participants (N = 122) underwent a stressful (or control) episode during which they encoded a series of stimuli. To investigate stress effects on the memory for individual events and the links between these, we used temporal sequence effects in recognition memory tested 24 h after encoding. Specifically, we tested whether stress would affect the memory enhancement for a target item if this is preceded by another item that also preceded the target during encoding (recognition priming). Our results showed that participants recalled single events encoded under stress better than those encoded under nonstressful conditions, but were less able to leverage the temporal sequence of events encoded under stress to cue memory at delayed recall, reflected in reduced memory for items preceded by the item that preceded them also during encoding. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy further revealed that encoding under stress was accompanied by opposite changes in inferotemporal and dorsolateral prefrontal areas. Together, our data suggest that acute stress induces a mode of memory formation that results in strong but less integrated memories.
Annealing effect on the photocurrent response of SnS thin films prepared by the chemical spray pyrolysis method
Authors: Dekhil D. , Guessas H. , Nouri A. , Ullah S.
Published: August 2023

SnS thin films were synthesized using the spray pyrolysis method and then annealed at 350, 400, and 450°C. According to the crystallographic analysis, the obtained SnS thin films crystallized in the polycrystalline orthorhombic system. The grains measured 47, 66, and 37 nm for the samples annealed at 350, 400, and 450°C, respectively. SEM and AFM images indicate that the samples’ surfaces were completely covered. Thus, the grains of SnS nanostructures have a granular-like shape and vary in size depending on the annealing temperatures. The transmittance measurement shows that annealing the sample at 400 °C extends and improves its absorption range to 600 nm. The resulting band gap energies were 1.60 eV, 1.30 eV, and 2.55 eV for annealing at 350 °C, 400 °C, and 450 °C, respectively. Hall Effect measurements reveal that annealing SnS films at 400 °C enhances their electrical properties. The values of carrier mobility, conductivity, and carrier concentration are 1.678 ×105 Cm2/Vs, 9.756 ×10-5 Ω-1 cm-1 , and 3.168 ×1010Cm-3 , respectively. Additionally, the photocurrent response validates that all samples annealed at 350, 400, and 450 °C have p-type conductivity, with values of 13, 28, and 2.5 µA/Cm2, respectively. The best conductivity, carrier mobility, and photocurrent values are obtained by annealing at 400 °C. Therefore, SnS thin films can be an interesting choice for absorber layer applications in photovoltaic systems.
Influence of doping concentrations of Hf on structural and electrical properties of HfxZn1-xO thin films
Authors: Sateesh P. , Saritha M. , Hemanthkumar N. , Satya T. , Hemachandrarao B. , Sriranjani K. , Sakkaravarthi K. , Phani N. N. , Gopinath K. , Sivakumar P.
Published: August 2023

HfxZn1−xO thin films (x=0, 2.5,3, 7.5, 10 and 15mol %) were deposited on glass substrates using Sol-gel process. The influence of the Hf concentration on the structural, electrical, and optical properties of the films was studied. It is found that Hf ions can be effectively doped into ZnO and all films crystallize in the hexagonal wurtzite structure with a preferred c-axis orientation. The lattice constants of HfxZn1−xO films increase with the Hf contents. The HfxZn1−xO thin films structures of high-Hf-content films remain after annealing at 600 °C for 20 min. The optical band gap increases with the Hf content, but it decreases with the annealing temperature. The reduction of bandgap partly results from grain growth, which is due to the quantum confinement effect of the small grains. Hf doping increases the resistivity of ZnO owing to the disorder of the material structure and the higher bandgap, which results in more carrier traps and less thermally excited carriers in the conduction bands. Two FTIR peaks centered at about 1432 and 1056 cm-1 coexist in the fluorescent spectra. With increasing the Hf contents, the intensity of fluorescent peaks enhances remarkably. The Minimum resistivity reached 6.1 * 10-2 Ὠ cm after annealing with 3% Hf content.
Malignant currents: sodium leak channel NALCN propels prostate cancer aggressiveness
Authors: Stejerean‐Todoran Ioana , Bogeski Ivan
Published: August 2023

Although ion transporters and channels have been extensively studied over the last couple of decades, there are still unresolved aspects with regards to their contribution to cancer cell biology. Recent work by Folcher et al (2023) reports a critical role for Na+ leak channel NALCN in metastatic prostate cancer. The study demonstrates that NALCN promotes metastatic spread to distant organs by controlling Ca2+ signaling.
Financial statements of public sector entities to national and international standards: a comparative aspect
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Shatskova Lyubov , Dragomir Dana ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University
Published: August 2023

The article is devoted to the comparison of the composition and structure of forms of financial statements of public sector entities to national and international standards. The types of statements of public sector entities are disclosed. The essence of the concept of "financial statements" is presented; its functions and requirements for compilation are listed. Mandatory elements of financial statements of different countries are considered. reporting in the public sector. A comparison of the composition of financial statements forms before and after the entry into force of national standard 101 "Presentation of financial statements ", as well as international standards. A comparison of the balance sheet structure in Ukraine and abroad is made. New approaches to the classification of income and expenses in the Report of financial performance in connection with the reform of accounting of public sector entities are presented.
Essential characteristics and analysis of the stock market of Ukraine in conditions of turbulence of socio-economic processes
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Brahina Olha
Published: August 2023

In the article the author provides the definition and essential characteristics of the stock market, conducted a study of the stock market of Ukraine, in particular, compared the volume of trading in the securities market and GDP. The structure of the stock market is studied, within which the stock and over-the-counter securities markets are distinguished and the volumes of trades in them are analyzed. It is noted that the activities of the stock market are provided by the organizers of the auction. Thus, the volumes of trades at each of the trade organizers for the last five years and the volumes of trades with distribution by financial instruments are analyzed. The stock market analysis examined the volume of share issues registered by the Commission over the past five years and distributed by issuers.
Operating Company at the Multimodal Transportation Market
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Lypynska Olena , Kotlubai Oleksii ,   Odessa National Maritime University
Published: August 2023

The multimodal transportation development is one of the main directions of the transport system development of a particular country and the whole world, as it significantly reduces obstacles to the free movement of final consumer goods. Accordingly, the article considers the issue of the conditions generalization of operating companies entry into the multimodal transportation market and the directions formation for improving economic and legal relations between market participants on this basis. Based on the position of B2B relations between the multimodal transport participants, the article analyzes the main conditions for the relevant markets functioning and the operating companies participation in modern conditions; trends and directions for transformations of multimodal transportation markets and structures provided by operating companies are summarized; the guidelines for the multimodal transportion market participants are substantiated in order to increase demand for their services.
DISCRETE MATHEMATICAL STRUCTURES IN THE ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS OF PASSIVE AND ACTIVE VIBRATION ISOLATING DEVICES
Authors:   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Bovnegra L. , Kirkopulo K. ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Pavlyshko А. ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Litvinov V. ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Sydorenko I. ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University
Published: August 2023

The article deals with discrete mathematical structures used for the analysis and synthesis of passive and active vibration isolation devices. It is shown that approaches of discrete mathematics in the form of kinematic graphs and their further development in the form of modified kinematic graphs make it possible to effectively model the functional interaction between the elements of such devices, describing their interaction with the corresponding finite mathematical structures. Such an approach to solving the problems of synthesis of vibration isolating devices makes it possible to effectively carry out a complete enumeration of possible options and can be the basis for the transition to the design of their industrial samples. The paper presents an analysis of existing passive and active vibration isolating devices on the basis of which, as an example, a synthesis of a fundamentally new passive vibration isolating device with elements of active systems was carried out. The basis of the synthesis is a modified kinematic graph, which is the result of the intersection of the sets of elements of the modified kinematic graphs, respectively, of passive and active vibration isolation devices. It has been established that such a modified kinematic graph has two cycles with one pole and an arc that defines an elastic connection included in both cycles. It is shown that the resulting modified kinematic graph of the synthesized device is very quickly transformed into the corresponding block diagram and can be constructively implemented as a prototype of this device. It is substantiated that the device synthesized in the presented work, according to its structural features, occupies an intermediate place in the hierarchy of vibration isolation devices between passive and active ones.
CIRCUIT DESIGN OF TRANSFORMATION AND TRANSFER PROCESSES IN HETEROGENEOUS MEDIUM
Authors:   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Tonkonogyi V. , Stanovskyi O. ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Holofieieva M. ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Holofieiev Yu. ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Naumenko Ye. ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University
Published: August 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the possibility of using the principles of circuit design when modeling internal processes occurring in a heterogeneous medium. Modern complex objects in mechanical engineering (elements, processes, components, mixtures, alloys, etc.) can be represented in the form of circuit diagrams, which are understood as a set of elements and relationships between them. Such schemes make it possible to create an unambiguous model of this object. In addition, circuit diagrams allow you to optimize them (and hence objects) in the process of construction: change the number of elements; change the characteristics of the elements. The main advantage of this approach stems from the fact that at present there are special programs, including computer programs, that make it possible to build such models based on the purpose of the functioning of the designed object and the possibilities of its creation. Circuit design in mechanics is the creation of a concept diagram of a future object (method, device, substance), which, when completed (manufactured), will allow the object to achieve its goals. The process of transformation and transfer of an intensive parameter in heterogeneous media is considered, using the example of the propagation of elastic oscillations and thermal processes in them, which is interesting from the point of view of modeling the processes that take place in these media during their flaw detection by the acoustic infrared thermometric method, which is based on the interaction of structural defects with acoustic waves. At the same time, thermal energy is generated at their boundaries, which is an indicator not only of the presence of cracks, but also of their direction and development. When modeling damage such as cracks and fractures in products made of non-metallic heterogeneous materials, special additional elements are introduced that simulate structural integrity violations – relay elements.
Double-pyramid and Reverse step resistance training effectiveness on physical fitness factors among elite female athletes
Authors: HASSANZADEH Mozhgan , SAYYAH Ali , ARAZİ Hamid
Published: August 2023

Due to the necessity of resistance training for athletes conditioning, loading patterns in order to improve training outcomes have received more attention in recent decades. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to assess the impact of 8-week resistance training performed with double pyramid (DP) and reverse step (RS) systems on some physical fitness components of elite female athletes. 30 young female handball players are randomly assigned to the three groups of DP (age: 17.43±1.63 year, weight: 70.28±10.14 kg, fat percentage: 15.60±1.17), RS (age: 17.13±1.32 year, weight: 67.80±7.78 kg, fat percentage: 15.40±1.69), and control groups (age: 17.33±1.71 year, weight: 61.04±6.61 kg, fat percentage: 16.50±1.43). Training programs was performed for an eight-week, 3 sessions per week with loading pattern of DP or RS. Measurements including fat percentage, anaerobic power (RAST), agility (Illinois), Speed (45 meter sprint), strength (1RM), and muscle endurance (60% 1RM) are taken before and after the training course.After the training period, DP and RS groups had significant effects on the mean power, upper and lower body muscular endurance, fat percentage, agility and speed (p<0.05). Also, DP showed a significantly more increase in upper body strength compared to RS groups and RS showed a significantly more increase in lower body strength compared to DP groups (p<0.05). Also, comparison of DP and RS groups showed a significant difference in lower and upper body muscle endurance between the two groups (P <0.05); While, there was not a significant difference in anaerobic power, upper and lower body strength, fat percentage, speed, and agility tests between training groups. DP resistance training appears that to have more impact in improving anaerobic power, upper body strength and speed. While, RS ones showed a greater effect on increasing the lower body strength, muscular endurance, agility and fat percentage of female handball players.
EFFECT OF NEURAMINIDASE INHIBITION ON VARIATION OF FIELD EXTRACELLULAR POTENTIALS IN RAT HIPPOCAMPAL NETWORK
Authors:   Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Savotchenko A.V. , Isaeva E.V. ,   Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA, Isaev D.S. ,   Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: August 2023

Neuraminidase (NEU) is the key enzyme that cleaves negatively charged sialic acids of the cell surface. The results of numerous studies suggest that an imbalance in NEU metabolism due to various pathological conditions significantly affects nervous activity. Thus, it was shown that downregulation of NEU leads to such morphological changes as accumulation of sialic acid residues in the extracellular space and synaptogenesis. However, the functional ability of newly formed synapses remains unclear. Using the specific blocker 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-N-acetylneuraminic acid (NADNA), we examined the effect of NEU inhibition on synaptic efficacy in the hippocampal CA3-CA1 neuronal network. The significant increase in the amplitude of synaptic responses due to NEU blockage was accompanied by the decrease in their variability, which indicates the enhanced functional excitatory synaptic connectivity in the hippocampal CA3-to-CA1 network.
Submicroscopic changes of periodontal components under experimental periodontitis combined with hypothyroidism
Authors:   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Shcherba V. , Demkovych A.E. ,   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Vorobets A.B. ,   I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Yanchii І.R. ,   State Institution V.P. Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: August 2023

Endocrine disorders are an extremely urgent medical and social problem of modern society. Changes in the thyroid gland activity cause violations of the regulation of metabolism in periodontal tissues. Expressed clinical signs of periodontal tissues inflammation directly depend on the severity and duration of disorders of the functional state of the thyroid gland. The purpose of this study was to describe the ultrastructural changes of periodontal tissues under the conditions of experimental periodontitis in combination with hypothyroidism. To model periodontitis lipopolysaccharide was injected into the gum tissue of rats. The experimental thyroid gland hypofunction was simulated using intragastrical administration of mercazolyl. To confirm the state of hypothyroidism we determined the content of free thyroxine, free triiodothyronine and thyroid-stimulating hormone. Submicroscopic studies revealed profound destructive-degenerative changes in all components of the periodontium. Changes in periodontal tissues in experimental hypothyroidism are stereotyped: dystrophic, atrophic and destructive changes in parenchymal structures, mucinous edema of the stroma, mild reparative processes. Thus, it can be concluded that during experimental periodontitis in combination with hypothyroidism, there are violations of the functioning of all the components of the vessels of the periodontal microcirculatory channel. This is manifested by damage and deformation of the blood vessel wall with desquamation of the endothelium, edema, thinning of the basement membrane, stasis, thrombosis and spasm. Also, significant destruction and lysis of fibrous structures and components of the connective tissue amorphous substance in the lamina propria of the attached and free part of gums and periodontium are characteristic.
AGE FEATURES OF THE VESTIBULAR ANALYZER
Authors:   Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Vadzyuk S.N. , Shmata R.M. ,   Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Lebedeva T.A. ,   Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine, Lozina L.B. ,   Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ukraine
Published: August 2023

The main importance of the vestibular system is to maintain the vertical position of a person and ensure the coordination of movements. The peculiarity of the structure of the vestibular apparatus prompts it to be constantly in a state of spontaneous activity. This is due to the effect on it of afferent impulses that come from the labyrinths to the vestibular centers. With proper excitability, this information indicates the normal course of physiological reactions. In this regard, persons with normal vestibular sensitivity have not experience symptoms of impaired vestibular function. However, in cases where this spontaneous impulse changes due to the influence of external and internal factors, and the inhibition mechanisms are not sufficiently activated, symptoms appear that indicate the insufficiency of vestibular afferentation compensation processes and are manifestations of increased excitability of the vestibular analyzer. It is known from literary sources that increased sensitivity of the vestibular analyzer is widespread among the population. At the same time, there is a tendency to increase the prevalence of increased sensitivity of the vestibular analyzer among people of different ages. The review presents modern views on the peculiarities of the functional activity of the vestibular analyzer in different age periods. We are describe features of development, structure and reflex activity to ensure the vital activity of the organism from the beginning of intrauterine development to old age. We considered functions of ensuring a sense of position and movement of the body in space, maintaining both a posture at rest and during movement in different age periods. We also analyzed data on the frequency of symptoms of a vestibular analyzer disorder.
Implementation of position adjustment means quantities of heat consumption
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 15, Heroiv Oborony St., Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine, Radko Ivan , Okushko Oleksandr ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 15, Heroiv Oborony St., Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine, Nalyvaiko Vitalii ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 15, Heroiv Oborony St., Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine
Published: August 2023

The article examines the scientific results of experimental studies of low energy efficiency of urban residential and communal energy supply. The purpose of the study is to reduce the costs of energy carriers in the field of housing and communal services using the example of residential, educational and industrial buildings of universities. Based on the analysis of the state of energy saving in the field of housing and communal services, a number of main factors influencing the reduction of its energy efficiency have been determined. Among the most important factors that require research is insufficient attention to the technical support of the energy consumption system, namely: outdated electrical equipment, low qualification of service personnel and an ineffective system of promotion of energy saving. According to the results of the conducted research, it was established that the degree of reduction of heat consumption in heating systems depends on heat losses due to the imperfection of factors that affect the reduction of energy efficiency, namely, the enclosing structures, which are determined by the thermophysical properties of the type and characteristics of heat energy meters, as well as through the control system, using which maintains optimal temperature values in building premises during the working day and their minimum permissible values in the evening hours, at night and on weekends. The results of the obtained research made it possible to state that in order to increase the energy efficiency of the heating system of buildings, it is necessary to provide a system of accounting and regulation of the consumption of the building coolant and to ensure the regulation of the coolant depending on the ambient temperature, as well as to limit heat consumption at night and on weekends (holidays). The installation of means of accounting and regulation of heat energy consumption, as well as the creation of a central information and measurement system with subsequent placement, make it possible to conduct operational monitoring of heat flows, which will contribute to reducing the amount of heat energy consumption by an average of up to 35%. Keywords: energy consumption, energy saving, energy efficiency, building, system, accounting, coolant, losses.
Цифрова автентифікація: досягнення та перспективи
Authors: Анісімов Анатолій Васильович
Published: August 2023

У доповіді акцентовано увагу на актуальності розроблення методів, алгоритмів та протоколів цифрової автентифікації, що стає особливо важливим сьогодні, в умовах повномасштабної російської воєнної агресії проти України. Зазначено, що одним із пріоритетних напрямів наукової діяльності Міжнародного науково-навчального центру інформаційних технологій та систем НАН України і МОН України є захист інформації, зокрема розвиток теорії і практики цифрової автентифікації. Створено нові методи цифрової автентифікації, які ґрунтуються на сучасних досягненнях криптографії з відкритими ключами і враховують виклики й загрози, які нині виникають у глобальному кіберпросторі.
Фундаментальні та прикладні аспекти розвитку сучасної біоколоїдної хімії
Authors: Прокопенко Віталій Анатолійович
Published: August 2023

У доповіді зазначено, що фундаментальні та прикладні дослідження, які виконуються в Інституті біоколоїдної хімії ім. Ф.Д. Овчаренка НАН України, становили підґрунтя для створення нового перспективного технологічного напряму — колоїдної біотехнології. Також розроблено інноваційні технологічні рішення, методи, методики та матеріали, які мають застосування в різних галузях — в екології, біогеохімії, матеріалознавстві, наномедицині, ветеринарії тощо.
Німеччина напередодні світової економічної кризи 1901-1903 років
Authors: Мустафаєв Ількін
Published: August 2023

Напередодні світової економічної кризи, що охопила 1901-1903 роки, Німецька імперія досягла багатьох успіхів у соціальній, політичній та економічній сферах. У цей період в Німеччині завершився промисловий переворот, німецька промислова продукція зміцнила свої позиції на світовому ринку завдяки своїй якості. Проведені реформи в сфері сільського господарства і впровадження нових технологій привели до розвитку аграрного сектора, а також інших галузей. У цей період була завершена реконструкція німецьких військово-морських сил. Німецький флот піднявся до рівня найпотужнішого флоту свого часу. Метою наукової статті є розкриття і показ основних напрямків промислового розвитку, які призвели до зміцнення німецької економіки.

Актуальність проблеми. Як відомо, 1901-1903 роки були важкими для всього світу. Це роки світового перевиробництва, яке характеризувалося загальним зростанням виробництва і будівництва в усьому світі і мало плачевні результати для населення. Почалася світова криза, яка в першу чергу торкнулася всіх світових держав. 1901-1903 роки в Німеччині були різними, цей період історії завжди викликав великий інтерес, так як це був перший період світової кризи.

Результати дослідження повинні були показати, як в 1902 році на тлі світової кризи Німеччина піднялася до рівня провідних європейських і світових держав за рівнем добробуту населення, а також рівнем розвиненої промисловості.

Висновки. Загальному розвитку в країні сприяло прийняття компромісного проекту - «тарифу Бюлова». З політичної точки зору цей закон був успіхом «політики злиття», яка об'єднала магнатів важкої промисловості і юнкерів. Успіхи Бюлова у зовнішній політиці зміцнили авторитет Німеччини на міжнародній арені. Різні політичні фракції всередині бюро успішно лавірували між фракціями, завойовуючи симпатії всіх верств населення. Військово-морський флот Німецької імперії вважався однією з найсильніших військово-морських держав світу. В результаті проведених в країні військових реформ була завершена модернізація німецьких військ. Армія оснащена новітньою та сучасною військовою технікою та боєприпасами. Німецька армія на той момент вже вважалася найпотужнішою військовою силою в світі.
ГОЛОВНІ ПРОБЛЕМИ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЙНОГО КУРСУ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: BLYZNIAK Оlha , RYKOV Andrii
Published: August 2023

Досліджено проблемні аспекти процесу європейської інтеграції України. Зазначено, що в українському політичному середовищі були помітними відчутні коливання зовнішньополітичного курсу від прозахідних до проросійських, які остаточно припинились після Революції гідності та в умовах повномасштабної війни, міцно закріпившись відтоді на євроінтеграційний курс. Проаналізовано проблеми, які виникають на євроінтеграційному шляху України. Здійснено класифікацію цих проблем. Доведено, що війна справила значний влив на процес євроінтеграції України.
ШЛЮБНА ДИПЛОМАТІЯ ДИНАСТІЇ РЮРИКОВИЧІВ
Authors: CHISTIAKOVA Iryna , VOROBIOVA Halyna
Published: August 2023

Стаття присвячена проблемі шлюбної дипломатії правлячої династії Рюриковичів княжої доби України-Русі. Сьогодні є очевидним є те, що ряд питань потребують переосмислення та нового погляду, наприклад, актуальною темою є з’ясування особливостей становлення та зовнішньополітичні наслідки шлюбної дипломатії княжої Русі та ряд інших питань інституту дипломатії.У даному досліджені зроблена спроба проаналізувати зовнішньополітичний вплив та наслідки шлюбної дипломаті династії Рюриковичів на міжнародну політику середньовічної Русі-України.У статті з’ясовано, у чому закладається відмінність понять «династія» та «династичний шлюб». Аналіз наукової літератури засвідчив, що всі монархічні держави розвивались за принципом династичних циклів, що означає зміна однієї правлячої династії іншою правлячою династією. Акцентовано, що у Середньовічній Європі міждинастичні шлюби були найпотужнішим засобом зміцнення політичних союзів між державами, які були спрямовані на поліпшення дипломатичних відносин між державами. Наголошено, що саме середньовічна шлюбна дипломатія є історичним та політичним підґрунтям для реалізації ефективної та перспективної моделі зовнішньої політики та формування дипломатичних зносин України з іншими державами. У результаті проведеного дослідження з’ясовано, що шлюбна дипломатія Середньовічної Русі дала можливість встановити мірні зовнішні зносини України-Русі з середньовічним західноєвропейським світом і Візантією. Крім того, у досліджені наголошено, що ключовим наслідком становлення традицій середньовічної європейської шлюбної дипломатії стали формування сучасних засад дипломатичного церемоніалу, етикету, протоколу та основ міжнародних переговорів у сучасному світі. Підкреслено, що незважаючи на позитивні зрушення, які дала шлюбна дипломатія, деякі питання, зокрема пов’язані з становленням гендерної династичної еліти держави, ще не достатньо висвітлені та систематизовані у науковій літературі. Зокрема, сучасні дослідники продовжують дискутувати про достовірність дат народження руських князів і спадкоємців, співвідносячи їх із хронологією історичних подій. Останнє, загалом значно ускладнює дослідження. В основному історики обґрунтовують ті дати, які не виходять за часові рамки історичних понять.
Cessação do tabagismo
Authors: Da Rosa Lerner Erick , Clós Mahmud Ibrahim , Aguiar Lenz Cátia
Published: August 2023

Introdução: O uso de produtos fumígenos derivados do tabaco é uma doença crônica não transmissível e uma das maiores mazelas mundiais em saúde pública. A atuação da Atenção Primária à Saúde na longitudinalidade do cuidado favorece o acolhimento dos tabagistas, sensibilização e aconselhamento para abandono deste hábito. Objetivos: Analisar as taxas de abandono do hábito de fumar dentre os participantes do programa de combate ao tabagismo em um município da região metropolitana do Rio Grande do Sul. Métodos: Trata-se de um corte transversal, retrospectivo, com análise dos registros de prontuários dos grupos no período de janeiro de 2018 a dezembro de 2021. Resultados: Foram realizados 17 grupos, com 119 fumantes, com mais mulheres e média de idade de 52,5±9,87 anos. O uso de farmacoterapia (RC: 15,81; IC95% 4,73-52,89), homens (RC 1,62; IC95% 0,68-3,90), estar presente em mais de quatro sessões (RC: 44,50 IC95% 13,35-148,27) indivíduos com comorbidades do grupo cardiopatias (RC: 1,54; IC95% 0,67-3,75) apresentaram maiores chances de abandono do tabagismo. Conclusões: Encontrou-se que 66,9% dos participantes deixaram de fumar até o quarto encontro. A taxa de abandono do hábito de fumar foi superior nos participantes que, comparecem há mais de quatro encontros, tiveram moderado grau de dependência à nicotina, fumavam menos de um maço por dia, iniciaram a fumar jovens e apresentavam mais de 60 anos.
The Relationship between the Frequency of Use of the Media, the Role of Peers and Adolescents' Agression in Elementary School
Authors: Paljušaj Ana
Published: August 2023

The main purpose of this study is to examine the effect of media violence exposure and adolescent's agression and the mediating role of peers in the above-mentioned relationship. This research was conducted among 318 students of Rijeka's elementary schools with an  average age of 12.67 years, out of which 166 were female adolescents and 145 were male adolescents. Participants were first asked to answer questions related to demographic data. Subsequently they were asked to fill in questionnaires regarding agressive behaviour, the frequency of use of the media, the role of peers and finally their preference of media content.  The results show that the frequency of the use of the media is a significant positive predictor of physical agression among adolescents and that the susceptibility to peer pressure has a mediating role in the relationship between media and physical agression. Results are  discussed in the context of previous research findings and theories related to testing media and agression. Keywords: adolescents; physical agression; media; role of peers; school
Determinants of Artistic Interests in Adolescence: The Importance of Personal and Contextual Factors / Odrednice umjetničkih interesa u adolescenciji: važnost osobnih i kontekstualnih faktora
Authors: Šverko Iva
Published: August 2023

The need for artistic creativity is inherent to all children, but as they grow up, the meaning of artistic expression and interest in artistic creativity changes. Entering adolescence, artistic expression for children ceases to be a part of the play and begins to represent child's personality and enduring interests, which is why only some children remain interested in artistic creativity and art. In this paper, we discuss the important determinants of artistic interests in adolescence on a sample of 981 last grade students (67.2 % girls, main age 18 years). The results indicated that the total of 40% of variance of artistic interests is explained by personality traits and personal values, while the importance of family contextual variables was negligible. Among personal factors, the most prominent role of openness to experience was observed, followed by self-actualization values and extraversion, and to some extent by emotionality and utilitarian values. People with greater artistic interest are more open to new experiences, less extraverted, slightly more emotional, and they also place greater importance on self-actualizing values and somewhat lower importance on utilitarian (materialistic) values. Further, the importance of family intellectual-cultural climate for development of artistic interests in adolescence is very weak, and is likely indirect, through personality traits. Key words: artistic interests; determinants; adolescence; personality traits; values; family --- Potreba za umjetničkom kreativnosti urođena je svoj djeci, ali tijekom odrastanja značenje umjetničkoga izričaja i interes za umjetničko stvaranje se mijenjaju. Ulaskom u period adolescencije umjetnički izričaj prestaje biti dio igre i počinje predstavljati djetetovu osobnost i njegove trajne interese, zbog čega samo neka djeca ostaju zainteresirana za umjetničku kreativnost i umjetnost. U ovom radu proučavamo važnost odrednica umjetničkih interesa u adolescenciji na uzorku od 981 učenika završnih razreda srednje škole (67,2 % djevojčica, prosječna dob 18 godina). Rezultati su pokazali da osobine ličnosti i osobne vrijednosti objašnjavaju ukupno 40 % varijance umjetničkih interesa, dok je važnost varijabli obiteljskoga konteksta bila zanemariva. Među osobnim faktorima najznačajniju ulogu ima otvorenost prema iskustvu, nakon čega slijede vrijednosti samoostvarenja i ekstraverzije te do neke mjere emocionalnost i korist. Ljudi s većim umjetničkim interesom otvoreniji su za nova iskustva, manje su ekstrovertirani, nešto više emocionalni. Također, pridaju veću važnost vrijednostima samoostvarivanja te nešto manju važnost utilitarističkim (materijalnim) vrijednostima. Nadalje, važnost obiteljskoga intelektualno-kulturološkog ozračja za razvoj interesa u adolescenciji vrlo je slaba i vjerojatno ostvarena indirektno, kroz osobine ličnost. Ključne riječi: adolescencija; obitelj; odrednice; osobine ličnosti; umjetnički interesi;  vrijednosti.