bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defensive Realism and the Balance of Threat
Authors: Gupta Bhavish , Pallav  , Madhav Keshav , Kushwaha Arvind Singh
Published: February 2025

The chapter strives to examine Israel's actions against the nuclear weapons programs of Iraq, Syria, and Iran. Why did Israel act or act against the Iranian, Syrian, and Iraqi atomic weapons programs, according to Walt's defensive realism and the balance of threat theory? The balance of threat theory, based on four distinct threat components, and Walt's defensive realism are used to explore and solve the research's main question. The researcher concluded that they have backed anti-Israel militias and engaged in armed combat with Israel, Iraq in 1981, Syria in 2007, and Iran from 2009–2021, all considered dangerous to Israel. This judgment was reached by the researcher using a comparative case study. It was determined that Israel's aggressive policies and attacks on the nuclear programs in Iraq, Syria, and Iran were significant and justified in preventing totalitarian governments in the region from jeopardising Israel's security.
Evaluating the Marine Environmental Concealment Risk Levels Using a Fuzzy Choquet Integral Model
Authors: Ji Haixia , Gong Zaiwu , Wu Qiong , Wang Zhecheng
Published: February 2025

The evaluation of marine environmental concealment is crucial for underwater activities. Traditional assessment methods do not fully leverage risk indicators and expert experience. To address this, this paper proposes a marine environmental concealment assessment model based on a 2-additive piecewise linear Choquet integral. This model combines the fuzzy measure to aggregate the utility values of various environmental indicators, integrating both expert opinions and objective data, while also considering the nonlinear interactions between indicators. Verification using real ocean data and expert preferences shows that the depth of the ocean grid and seabed terrain have the most significant impact on concealment, while the interaction between temperature gradient, salinity gradient, and ocean current is positively correlated. This model offers a theoretical contribution to marine environmental concealment assessment and demonstrates the advantages of the Choquet integral method in handling complex, multi-factor risk evaluations, with significant practical application value.
Hepatitis B seroprevalence among HIV-positive adults in the Free State, South Africa
Authors: Muir Devon , Vawda Sabeehah , Bester Phillip A. , Van Rooyen Cornel , Goedhals Dominique
Published: February 2025

Background: HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection impacts negatively on the prognosis for people living with HIV (PLHIV). HBV is relatively neglected compared to HIV in the South African setting, with limited coinfection seroprevalence data from the Free State.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of current and previous HBV in PLHIV in the Free State, South Africa.Method: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 1007 residual HIV viral load (VL) samples were selected and screened for markers of current HBV infection (hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg]) and previous exposure to HBV (total antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen [HBcTA]) between 01 February 2022 and 31 March 2022. Seroprevalence was assessed for municipal health districts, age, sex, and HIV VL categories.Results: HBsAg seroprevalence was 6.26% and HBcTA seroprevalence was 36.05%. HBsAg seroprevalence was significantly higher in men at 8.12% as compared to women at 4.38% (P = 0.014). HBcTA seropositivity was also higher in men than in women, at 42.97% for men and 29.08% for women (P  0.0001). Peak HBsAg and HBcTA positivity was observed among the 40–59-year age group in both men and women. No significant difference was found in HBV seroprevalence and exposure between districts or HIV VL categories.Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that PLHIV in the Free State, South Africa, fall under the intermediate HBV prevalence category. HBV infection remains a public health concern and emphasis should be placed on identifying and addressing programmatic gaps regarding diagnosis and management.
Evaluation of L1CAM, SOX11, and chromogranin expression in pancreatic tumors: an immunohistochemical study
Authors: Bassyoni Omneya Y. , Abd-Rabh Rasha M. , Swilem Mohamed R.
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the 11th most common type of cancer and its incidence and death rates are steadily rising. In contrast to PDAC and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs), solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) is a low-grade malignant pancreatic tumor that exhibits distinct characteristics in terms of tumor aggressiveness, treatment, and prognosis.

Aim

To investigate the expression of L1CAM, SOX11, and chromogranin in PDAC, SPN, and PNETs and to show their diagnostic and prognostic significance.

Materials and methods

Retrospective Immunohistochemical staining of L1CAM, Sox11, and chromogranin was performed on selected 54 cases of pancreatic tumors.

Results

L1CAM was highly expressed in 73.3% of PDAC cases compared with 81.8% of SPN and 100% of PNET cases. SOX11 was positive in 90.9% of SPN, but negative in 100% of PDAC and 93.3% of PNETS cases. Chromogranin was positive in 76.9% of PNETS. SOX11 is a highly sensitive (100%) marker for discriminating between SPN and PDAC. Both SOX11 and chromogranin are highly specific (100%) and sensitive (90.9%) markers in differentiating SPN from PNET. L1CAM was significantly positively correlated with tumor grade (P=0.02), T stage (P=0.02), lymph node metastasis (P=0.002), LVI (P=0.000), and distant metastasis (P=0.046) of PDAC studied cases.

Conclusion

SOX11 could be considered a highly sensitive marker for differentiating SPN from PDAC and PNETs. The combined expression of L1CAM, SOX11, and chromogranin may play a valuable role in solving this diagnostic challenge. L1CAM might have prognostic significance for PDAC and, hence, target therapy.
Expression analysis and potential validity of PRMT3, IGF2BP1 in adrenocortical carcinoma and their correlation with FOXM1
Authors: Allah Marwa S.A. , Ahmed Mona , El Kariem Heba Abd , ElSayed Amira
Published: February 2025

Background

PRMT3 and IGF2BP1 overexpression has been detected in several malignancies and has been recognized by their oncogenic role. No studies have handled the expression of PRMT3 and IGF2BP1 in adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) and their association with outcome. This work aimed at exploring the significance of PRMT3 and IGF2BP1 expression in ACC and their correlation with FOXM1 expression.

Patients and methods

Immunohistochemistry accessed quantitative expression of PRMT3, IGF2BP1, and FOXM1 proteins in 60 cases of ACC and 20 cases of adrenocortical adenoma. IGF2BP1 mRNA and PRMT3 mRNA were also evaluated using a quantitative real-time PCR.

Results

PRMT3, IGF2BP1, and FOXM1 expression were statistically highly significant in ACC compared to adrenocortical adenoma (P<0.001). PRMT3 high expression showed a significant correlation with ENSAT stage (P<0.001), distant metastasis (P<0.001), recurrence (P<0.001), Weiss score, and Ki-67 index (P<0.05). IGF2BP1 high expression showed a significant correlation with ENSAT stage (P<0.001), Weiss score (P<0.001), recurrence (P<0.001), distant metastasis (P<0.05), and Ki-67 index (P<0.05). PRMT3 and IGF2BP1 showed a high significant correlation with FOXM1 (P<0.001).

Conclusion

PRMT3, IGF2BP1, and FOXM1 are upregulated in ACC. PRMT3, IGF2BP1, and FOXM1 contribute to aggressive phenotypes of ACC and might serve as poor potential prognostic factors.
Estimating the average normal thickening of the glomerular basement Membrane in a subset of Egyptian population: an electron microscopic study
Authors: Tawfik Sarah H. , Hassan Tamer A.T.
Published: February 2025

Aim

The presented study is an electron microscopic morphometric work that aimed at reporting a normal range and average (arithmetic mean) of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) thickness in the Egyptian population. This is important as a baseline for diagnosing renal disorders that are related to abnormalities in the GBM thickness such as Thin Basement Membrane Disease and Alport Syndrome.

Patients and methods

This study included 40 patients; 20 adults and 20 children (10 males and 10 females in each group). Patients were diagnosed with Minimal Change Disease or Acute Tubular Injury based on their routine histopathologic examination. Hematuria and/or diabetes mellitus were the exclusion criteria in our study.

Results and conclusion

The mean of the GBM thickness in adult males was 362.6093 nm (SD +/–31.13). That of adult females was 349.85 nm (SD +/–21.65). While for male children was 255.68 nm (SD +/–35.36). And female children reported 234.57 nm (SD +/–55.03). Rare segments of the GBM showed thicker or thinner measurements than the reported average were present in almost all patients in the study. Similarly, rare segments of GBM wrinkling could be encountered. However, these rare segments could be considered as a normal findings.
Bleb resuscitation of failing, leaking and dysfunctional blebs: A review
Authors: Singh Arshi , Singh Kirti , Singh Aastha
Published: February 2025

The success of trabeculectomy surgery depends on the longevity of the filtering bleb. Bleb failure can be categorized into two types: the scarred bleb with high intraocular pressure or the over-filtering and leaking bleb with low intraocular pressure. Bleb scarring is an insidious process over time as a consequence of excessive subconjunctival fibrosis. Timely recognition and early intervention utilizing a stepped-up approach are important for resuscitating the bleb and salvaging the trabeculectomy. Over-filtration and leaky bleb on the other end of the spectrum lead to failure of optimal bleb function and require a different management approach. This review discusses in detail various surgical techniques to revive dysfunctional blebs with a special focus on bleb needling. Timely identification and multifaceted management of bleb-related complications is the key to ultimately improving long-term success rates and patient outcomes.
Double-frequency Nd:YAG laser reduction of peripheral iridotomy size for treatment of visual symptoms
Authors: Kumar Harsh , Taneja Surbi
Published: February 2025

Peripheral iridotomy is a standard treatment for conditions like primary angle-closure glaucoma. However, the associated visual symptoms, such as glare and dysphotopsia, often reduce patient satisfaction. This article presents a novel surgical technique utilizing a double-frequency Nd:YAG laser (532 nm) to reduce the size of existing iridotomies, addressing these visual disturbances without compromising the functional efficacy of the iridotomy. The technique is performed under topical anesthesia, with minimal discomfort and no significant downtime for the patient. This innovative use of double-frequency Nd:YAG laser technology introduces a refined approach to managing postoperative visual outcomes in peripheral iridotomy, offering a valuable addition to the repertoire of ophthalmic surgical techniques.
Intraoperative tube placement in opaque corneas: The illuminated tube
Authors: Panigrahi Arnav , Gupta Viney , Gupta Shikha
Published: February 2025

The role of glaucoma drainage devices (GDDs) for refractory glaucoma is well established because of certain advantages offered over conventional filtering surgeries. However, the correct plane of placement of the GDD tube inside an eye with an opaque cornea can be challenging, due to poor intra-operative visualization. These cases are also challenging if they undergo subsequent corneal grafting. In cases with presence of totally opaque cornea precluding tube visualization within the anterior chamber, we describe a novel technique for ensuring the correct positioning of a GDD tube.
Management of a Rare Case of Firecracker Thoracic Injury with Empyema
Authors: Kothari Prashant , Piplani Rajat , Sherwani Poonam , Yogesh Yogendra Kumar , Rathaur Vyas Kumar
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Firecracker thoracic injuries are rare but critical, often requiring multidisciplinary management. We report a case of a teenage male patient who presented with hemothorax and empyema due to a firecracker-related chest wall injury. Initial management involved tube thoracostomy; however, the patient subsequently required thoracoscopic intervention for the removal of intrathoracic firecracker residue and decortication. This case emphasizes the significance of early intervention, tailored antibiotics, residue removal for recovery, and preventive measures for such injuries.
Construction of In vitro Dose-response Curve for Human Peripheral Blood Exposed to High-energy Clinical 6 MV X-rays
Authors: Radhakrishna Vishakh , Nalilu Suchetha Kumari , Gnanasekaran Tamizh Selvan
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

High-energy LINAC X-rays are used instead of the traditional modality (γ-rays) in cancer radiotherapy. Health professionals may be exposed to these high-energy X-rays owing to mishandling or mechanical failure, and using a low-energy X-rays calibration curve may not yield a meaningful dose estimate. This study aimed to obtain a dose calibration curve by scoring dicentric chromosomes (DC) in peripheral blood cells exposed to a high-energy clinical 6 MV X-ray in vitro.

Materials and Methods:

The peripheral blood samples from healthy donors (n = 2) were irradiated with 6 MV energy (5.78 Gy/min) of X-ray and induced biological damage was quantified as DC formation, as it is considered the gold standard biodosimetry.

Results:

Compared to the unexposed sample, the observed DC frequency in the X-irradiated samples reveals a significant (P < 0.0001) dose-dependent increase. There is no significant (P > 0.05) difference in DC analysis for intrascorer variances. The dose-response curve was fitted with a linear-quadratic fit.

Conclusion:

The established dose-response curve generated (c = 0.0007 ± 0.001, αD = 0.035 ± 0.013, βD2 = 0.045 ± 0.005) for peripheral blood subjected to high energy clinical 6 MV X-irradiation could be used for biological dosimetry readily.
Histopathology of Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma with Emphasis on Immunohistochemistry Marker Expression: Report of Three Cases
Authors: Keerthyraj Narayanamoorthy , Vinayagamoorthi Vigneswaramoorthi , Amel Ivan Erli , Sriram V , Revathi Govindasamy , Gandhi Ramya
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Endometrial stromal tumors are rare uterine mesenchymal neoplasms. Endometrial stromal sarcomas (ESSs) are of endometrial stromal origin that accounts for approximately 1% of all uterine malignant neoplasms. ESS is classified into endometrial stromal nodule (ESN), low-grade ESS (LG-ESS), high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (HG-ESS), and undifferentiated uterine sarcoma (UUS). The usual clinical presentation of ESS is abnormal uterine bleeding in about 90% of women and uterine enlargement in about 70%, followed by dysmenorrhea and pain in the abdomen in some patients. Clinically, leiomyoma, endometrial polyp, and other malignant entities enter the differential diagnosis. Gross presentation and microscopic examination, along with immunohistochemistry marker expression and clinical correlation, are mandatory to understand their biological nature, prognosis, and treatment outcome.
Study of Anti-mullerian Hormone as a Diagnostic Criteria for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Authors: Pandit Abhimanyu , Bhardwaj Bikram , Nandy Souvik , Chakravarty Rony
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

PCOS is most common endocrine disorders among women of reproductive age group. This syndrome has varied manifestations affecting the females of all age groups. Rotterdam criteria are the most used for the diagnosis of PCOS. AMH is a newer marker which is secreted much more by the polycystic ovaries compared to normal ovaries and is not affected by day of menstrual cycle and even use of OCPs. Due to persistent controversies regarding diagnosis of PCOS due to its complex presentation and to evaluate ovarian morphology, AMH can be used as a new quantitative and biologic marker for PCOS.

Methods:

This was a case–control study performed on women attending Gynaecology OPD at a tertiary care hospital. The study consisted of 100 women with PCOS, diagnosed using Rotterdam criteria and 173 women as controls. Clinical profile, clinical examination, BMI, blood investigations like FSH, LH, TSH, prolactin and AMH levels were assessed. Sonography of the pelvis to see the ovarian morphology was done for all women.

Results:

AMH levels in PCOS cases were on average 8.16 ng/ml, which was significantly higher than controls’ levels of 3.05 ng/ml (p = 0.001). AMH produced sensitivity of 83% when employed as a supplement to the current Rotterdam criteria as the fourth criterion. However, when AMH was used in place of PCOM in the Rotterdam criterion, AMH produced a sensitivity of 89%.

Conclusion:

To conclude AMH levels were considerably greater in PCOS. AMH values offer good diagnostic potential when used in conjunction with the current Rotterdam criteria for the diagnosis of PCOS
Comparison of Trunk Kinematics, Fear of Falling, and Physical Performance Between Fallers and Non-fallers Older Adults: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: D’souza Jude John , Velani Kruti , Gardas Shailesh
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

One of the primary causes of falls in the elderly population is poor physical performance, along with impaired balance. Since the quality of bodily movements affects overall human functioning, highlighting the importance of analyzing kinematic parameters when planning rehabilitation programs, several outcome measures, such as the Fall Efficacy Scale – International (FES-I), Timed-Up and Go (TUG), and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), have been employed in clinical settings to screen for falls in the geriatric population, but there is a paucity of literature exploring the kinematic analysis of the trunk to assess fall risk.

Aim of the Study:

The present study aimed to assess the kinematics of trunk flexion-extension during a single sit-to-stand test using smartphone-based sensors, assess fear of falls using fall-related outcome measures, and compare these parameters between faller and non-faller older adults aged 60 years and above.

Methods and Materials:

In the present study, 30 older adults were grouped as non-fallers (n = 15) and fallers (n = 15), and both groups were assessed for fear of falling and the risk of falling using the FES-I, TUG, and SPPB. The kinematics of trunk flexion and extension were assessed by a smartphone-based accelerometer and gyroscope using the Sensor Kinetic Pro app during a 10-m walk test.

Settings and Design:

The present study used a cross-sectional design and was conducted in an institute-based rehabilitation center, and approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee (IEC) was obtained before the commencement of the study.

Statistical Analysis:

Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24 for Windows (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). The data were tested for normal distribution using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The Mann-Whitney U test was employed for all variables, and an independent t-test was used for TUG. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:

There was a significant difference in FES-I (P = 0.002), TUG (P = 0.002), and SPPB (P = 0.019) between fallers and non-fallers.

Conclusion:

The present study concludes that the comparison of fear of falling using outcome measures such as FES-I, TUG, and SPPB between fallers and non-fallers among older adults aged 60 years and above is useful in assessing fear of falling and predicting future risk of falls among older adults.
Matching and Fusing Multi-Source Vehicle Information in Highway
Gantry Scenarios Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Wang Junjun , Zhao Chihang
Published: February 2025

The performance differences of multiple sensors lead to inconsistencies,
incompleteness, and distortion in the perception data of multi-source vehicle
information in highway scenarios. Optimizing data fusion methods is important
for intelligent toll collection systems on highways. First, this paper
constructs a dataset for matching and fusing multi-source vehicle information in
highway gantry scenarios. Second, it develops convolutional neural network
models, Match-Pyramid-MVIMF-EGS and CDSSM-MVIMF-EGS, for this purpose. Finally,
comparative experiments are conducted based on the constructed dataset to assess
the performance of the Match-Pyramid-MVIMF-EGS and CDSSM-MVIMF-EGS models. The
experimental results indicate that the Match-Pyramid-MVIMF-EGS model performs
better than the CDSSM-MVIMF-EGS model, achieving matching and fusion accuracy of
93.07%, precision of 95.71%, recall of 89.17%, F1 scores of 92.32%, and 186 of
training throughput respectively.
Remaining Useful Life Prediction Method for Highway Electromechanical
Equipment Based on Bayesian Algorithm-Optimized CNN-LSTM Model
Authors: Wang Leyan , Zhang Jian , Yao Xuejian , Ping Hao
Published: February 2025

Efficient maintenance of highway electromechanical equipment is crucial for
ensuring reliability within intelligent highway infrastructure and optimizing
the allocation of limited maintenance resources. Traditional Remaining Useful
Life (RUL) prediction models frequently face limitations due to the complex and
dynamic operating conditions of such systems, which often hinder their
predictive accuracy and adaptability. To overcome these persistent challenges,
this study introduces an advanced RUL prediction model that integrates a
Bayesian-optimized Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with a Long Short-Term
Memory (LSTM) network. Initially, the study identifies key health indicators
that effectively represent the degradation of equipment performance over time.
These indicators undergo Spearman correlation analysis to determine their
relevance to equipment capacity, ensuring that only the most pertinent features
are used for model input. The CNN-LSTM model leverages CNN’s spatial pattern
recognition and LSTM’s ability to process temporal sequences, allowing it to
accurately capture performance trends over time and improve long-term
reliability. To further enhance model accuracy, Bayesian optimization is applied
to adjust the model’s hyperparameters automatically, providing an efficient,
tailored solution that aligns with the unique characteristics and operational
demands of highway electromechanical equipment. Validation on the CALCE lithium
battery dataset demonstrated a prediction accuracy exceeding 92%, confirming the
model's feasibility, robustness, and strong potential for real-world application
in highway system maintenance. The study provides valuable insights for
optimizing the operation, management, and maintenance of highway
electromechanical equipment. It supports predictive maintenance strategies that
enhance maintenance scheduling efficiency, extend the lifespan of critical
infrastructure, and effectively reduce operational costs while simultaneously
improving overall system reliability.
A GNSS Anti-Interference Integer Float Solution Based on LAMBDA
Integer Transform
Authors: Li Zhuotong , Yu Xianwen
Published: February 2025

GNSS is an important means that can provide high-precision navigation and
positioning information for intelligent driving. In complex urban environments,
after briefly losing the GNSS signal, it takes initialization time for a vehicle
to regain high-precision positioning information. Therefore, shortening the
initialization time is an important step in providing real-time continuous
navigation and positioning services for intelligent driving. The integer float
estimator solution has the advantage of free initialization, which can greatly
reduce the convergence time of ambiguity fixing. However, its positioning error
may show a sudden increase under poor observation conditions. Aiming at the
problem that the integer float estimator may be interfered with, this paper
proposes an anti-interference integer float estimator method for GNSS based on
the LAMBDA integer transform. This paper draws on the idea of integer
transform-down correlation in the LAMBDA method to do integer transform-down
correlation on the float solution and variance matrix of the original ambiguity
and positioning solution. Then the error in the ambiguity vector is identified
and constrained based on the transformed variance matrix. If it can pass the
test, the original integer float estimator calculation method is maintained,
otherwise, the transformed ambiguity, positioning solution, and the
corresponding variance matrices are filtered and brought into the original
integer float estimator formula to calculate the positioning result. The method
achieves the purpose of improving precision by filtering the coarseness and
reducing the interference of coarseness on ambiguity. The proposed method is
validated by the measured data, and the example results show that the method
effectively weakens the error and improves the stability of the positioning
results, and the spatial true error and RMSE of 3D positioning are improved by
16.1% and 14.7%, respectively, compared with the original integer float
estimator, which ensures the robust application of the integer float
estimator.
Estimating Extreme Water Levels in Myanmar’s Ayeyarwady Seas by the
Monte Carlo Method
Authors: Yin Kai , He Liye , Liu Kaofan , Liu Shuo , Xu Sudong
Published: February 2025

Storm surge disasters in the northern Indian Ocean and along the Bay of Bengal
pose substantial risks to the safety of lives, property, and industrial trade
within Myanmar's Ayeyarwady Region. The absence of long-term tidal data makes
traditional frequency analysis methods inadequate for accurately predicting
extreme water levels with high return periods. This study utilizes numerical
simulations to forecast extreme water levels caused by recurrent cyclonic storm
surges along Myanmar's coastline. A combined approach using the Monte Carlo
stochastic model and the Delft3D hydrodynamic model was employed for these
simulations. The results show that the Delft3D model is effective in predicting
tidal levels in engineering contexts, addressing data deficiencies while
identifying critical water levels. Model accuracy was validated through
extensive simulations, confirming its suitability for forecasting extreme water
levels. Although some discrepancies may arise due to limited data availability,
the results offer a valuable scientific reference for flood management and
engineering design and provide guidance for predicting extreme water levels in
regions with similar data constraints.
Study on Variable Speed Limit Control Strategy of Highway under
Intelligent Connected Environment
Authors: Qi Tiancheng , Qu Xinhui , Gu Haiyan , Sang Zheming , Ning Fangyue
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a novel variable speed limit control strategy based on an
Improved METANET model aimed at addressing traffic congestion in the bottleneck
areas of expressways while considering the impact of an intelligent connected
environment. Traffic flow simulation software was employed to compare the
outcomes of the traditional variable speed limit model with those derived from
the proposed strategy. The results indicated that under three scenarios—main
road, ramp, and lane closure—with a 100% penetration rate of intelligent
connected vehicles, the average delay for vehicles utilizing the new model
decreased by 9.37%, 11.11%, and 7.22%, respectively. This study offers an
innovative approach to highway variable speed limits under an intelligent
connected environment.
A Distributed Control Strategy for Highway Merge Zone Based on
Virtual Rotation
Authors: Liu Yandan , Qu Xu
Published: February 2025

The merging problem in the highway merge zone has been a research focus in the
field of transportation for a long time. The rise of Connected and Automated
Vehicles (CAVs) provides the potential to improve traffic flow efficiency,
alleviate congestion and handle safety issues. However, existing two-dimensional
merging strategies are facing challenges such as high computational complexity
and the inevitable traffic oscillations during merging, which hinder the
stability of traffic flow and fail to meet the dynamic requirements of merging
control. To address these issues, this study proposes a distributed control
strategy for CAVs in highway merge scenarios. Firstly, a virtual rotation method
is designed to transform the merging problem of two different lanes into a
car-following problem of a virtual platoon, and a virtual leader vehicle is
introduced, to reduce computational complexity and determine vehicle sequencing.
Based on this method, a Spring Cooperative Merging System (SCMS) is developed.
It uses spring characteristics to regulate the longitudinal motion states of
vehicles. Virtual spring forces are employed to adjust the vehicle distance and
speed instantaneously, aiming to achieve an ideal traffic flow. To further
enhance the study’s authenticity, the impact of input saturation constraints is
also considered. Finally, simulations are conducted via SUMO. The results show
that the proposed control strategy exhibits convergence, as the total elastic
energy approaches zero over time. This can demonstrate the effectiveness of the
method, so that it is possible to improve the stability and efficiency of
merging in the highway merge zone and provide theoretical insights for future
practical applications.
Semantic Segmentation of Lane Lines for Pix2Pix Network Introducing
Ghost Module
Authors: Yang Kun , Wang Jian
Published: February 2025

Technology for lane line semantic segmentation is crucial for ensuring the safe
operation of intelligent cars. Intelligent cars can now comprehend the
distribution and meaning of scenes in an image more precisely thanks to semantic
segmentation, which calls for a certain degree of accuracy and real-time network
performance. A lightweight module is selected, and two previous models are
improved and fused to create the lane line detection model. Finally, experiments
are conducted to confirm the model's efficacy. This paper proposes a lightweight
replacement program with the aim of addressing the issue of large
parameterization in the generative adversarial network (GAN) model and difficult
training convergence. The overall network structure is selected from the Pix2Pix
network in the conditional generative adversarial network, and the U-net network
of the generator is cut and replaced by the Ghost Module, which consists of a
modified downsampling module that enhances the global fusion ability of the lane
line features during the encoding and decoding process so as to reduce the loss
of the lane line features and reduce the size of the network parameters while
ensuring a certain degree of accuracy. The VIL-100 dataset is used for training,
and the experimental results show that it also has good performance compared to
other algorithms. In an effort to evaluate the detection effect of the model
further, validation testing is conducted using both the CULane dataset and
online road images. The test results demonstrate improved lane line segmentation
and meet expectations.
Performance management system of hospitality management department of Cebu Technological University campuses
Authors: Ronald De La Cruz , Joemar Minoza , Leo Zosa
Published: February 2025

This research study assessed the performance management system of the Hospitality Management Department of Cebu Technological University. This study employed a descriptive survey method which targets Administrators and Faculty members of Cebu Technological University as respondents who were chosen purposively. A survey questionnaire was utilized to generally assess the extent of the practice of the performance management system of the Hospitality Management of nine (9) Cebu Technological University campuses. It was found out that Cebu Technological University has implemented all indicators of a performance management system that includes performance planning, performance monitoring, performance evaluation, performance development, and performance recognition at all times as assessed by Administrators and Faculty Members, and there was a significant mean difference in the assessment of the two groups of respondents. It was concluded that Cebu Technological University is an organization that regularly implements all aspects and indicators of the performance management system. This corroborates William’s Performance Management Principle that stated that “what gets measured gets done, what gets managed gets done better and what gets rewarded gets done sooner” (Williams, 1998, p. 20). The study recommends further investigation of performance management in other departments of the university.
Multinomial logit regression adoption: Identifying user characteristics of e-wallets in Can Tho City, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Ngan Thi Thuy , Tran Khe Son
Published: February 2025

This research adopted Multinomial Logit Regression to investigate factors that influence users’ choice of e-wallets and how these elements affect the probability of current e-wallet usage, suggesting that each service is preferred by different user groups based on demographic and behavioural traits. This paper employed a quantitative approach using a face-to-face survey of 140 respondents using e-wallets in Can Tho City, Vietnam. This study has identified the user characteristics of the top three e-wallet services in Can Tho City, Vietnam, suggesting that each service has unique features that attract different user groups. People with lower incomes, who frequently use e-wallets and engage in smaller transactions, prefer the MoMo e-wallet, which has emerged as the market leader. On the other hand, ZaloPay attracted men with higher incomes, while older individuals with higher spending patterns who used Agribank or MBBank preferred Other e-wallets. E-wallet service providers could identify their target audience through the research findings and then work on developing both existing and new features that align with the needs of those potential users, all aimed at boosting loyalty and expanding user density. However, a more extensive and diverse sample is required to provide a more reliable and comprehensive understanding.
The impact of cultural identity and attitude-to-brands on customer loyalty in Vietnamese context
Authors: Hoang Long Vu Phi , Bui Hien Thi Thao
Published: February 2025

In contemporary times, Vietnam is recognized as a country with significant potential, attributed to its remarkable advancements across various sectors. The food and beverage industry, in particular, stands out as a highly promising market within the nation. Furthermore, the franchising model, widely embraced by entrepreneurs venturing into the food and beverage sector, was a favorable approach to achieving the Vietnamese market. Of notable importance is the impact of cultural identity on the adoption of the franchise model abroad. Against this backdrop, this research aims to investigate how cultural identity influences customer loyalty. To achieve this, a theoretical framework was crafted, encompassing elements such as cultural identity, perceived cultural marketing, perceived quality of food and beverages, perceived service quality from employees, customer satisfaction, and ultimately, customer loyalty. Additionally, the study delves into the role of Attitude-to-brands in mediating the relationship between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. The investigation involved 257 Vietnamese diners who had experienced foreign franchised restaurants or coffee shops, analyzed using Smart PLS 4. The findings reveal a positive influence of cultural identity on customers’ perceptions of products and services, subsequently fostering customer loyalty. Furthermore, the study identifies attitude toward brands as a mediating factor in the intricate connection between customer satisfaction and loyalty. In essence, the insights gained from this research offer valuable guidance for franchise businesses seeking to enter or refine their strategies in the Vietnamese market. By uncovering the effects of cultural identification and customer attitude on customer loyalty, the study provides a foundation for informed decision-making and strategic adjustments in the dynamic landscape of the Vietnamese business environment.
The impact of Firm Generated Content (FGC) and User Generated Content (UGC) on the intention to use telehealth services
Authors: Pham Tuan Van , Nguyen My Ha , Nguyen Linh Khanh , Hoang Yen Phi , Tran Thu Hoai , Hoang Linh Ngoc Khanh
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this paper is to explore the ability of the combination of Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) and Information Adoption Model (IAM); to predict and explain how Firm-Generated Content (FGC) and User-Generated Content (UGC) influence the intention to use telehealth services in Vietnam. A total of 751 citizens participated in this study based on the non-probability convenience sampling method. They completed the survey questionnaires, which consisted of 31 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale. The authors analyzed the quantitative data by using structural equation modeling. The results from SEM demonstrated the positive relationships in the proposed research model. This study adds to existing research on how FGC and UGC affect citizen intentions, particularly within the healthcare industry. Based on the study findings, the authors propose several recommendations for the application of FGC and UGC in telehealth services offered by hospitals and healthcare facilities.
The Effect of A Digital Financial Literacy on Financial Performance of Msmes: A Quasi-Experimental Study Supporting SDG
Authors: Nainggolan Romauli , Padmalia Metta , Sitepu Rismawati , Andrina Anak Agung Ayu Puty , Win Thinzar
Published: February 2025

Objective: The objective of this study is to examine the impact of a digital financial literacy program on the financial performance of micro, small, and medium enterprises in West Java and North Sumatra. The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of the program in improving digital financial literacy and financial outcomes for MSMEs owners, thereby contributing to SDG goal 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth).
 
Theoretical Framework: This research is grounded in theories of financial literacy. Key frameworks include the six dimensions of digital financial literacy: financial knowledge, digital knowledge, practical know-how, awareness, decision-making, and self-protection. These dimensions provide a robust basis for assessing the intervention's impact.
 
Method: A quasi-experimental design was employed, involving 107 MSMEs owners who use QRIS as a digital payment tool. The sample was divided into a treatment group (n=54, Medan, North Sumatra) and a control group (n=53, Gresik, West Java). The intervention included six weekly sessions covering the six digital financial literacy dimensions. Data were collected via pre- and post-tests, analyzed using paired t-tests and independent sample t-tests, with a 5% significance threshold.
 
Results and Discussion: This study reveals that there were no significant differences in pre-test scores between the treatment and control groups. However, the treatment group showed a significant increase in digital financial literacy scores compared to the control group in the post-test. The experimental group demonstrated a greater improvement in financial performance among MSMEs in North Sumatra compared to those in West Java.
 
Research Implications: This study highlights the need for targeted digital financial literacy programs to boost MSME performance and reduce disparities. It supports SDG goal 8 by emphasizing sustainable micro-enterprises to enhance economic productivity. Policymakers should promote tailored training and collaborative technology adoption.
 
Originality/Value: By testing a multi-dimensional digital financial literacy program within an Indonesian MSMEs context, this study underscores the critical role of digital literacy in improving financial performance and fostering inclusive economic growth.
Sustainable Development Goals in Action: Circular Economy Strategies and ESG Environmental Practices in a Plastic Injection Molding Company
Authors: Hsu Chang-Hsien , Chen Ching-Chung , Su Yin-Chieh , Hsieh Chih-Chien
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study investigates how a plastic injection molding company integrates circular economy strategies to reduce waste and carbon emissions while achieving cost efficiencies, aligning these efforts with the goals of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12, which emphasizes responsible consumption and production.
 
Theoretical Framework: The research is grounded in ESG environmental principles and Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12, emphasizing responsible consumption and production. Circular economy concepts underpin the analysis, focusing on resource efficiency and waste minimization.
 
Method: Qualitative methods, including in-depth interviews, on-site observations, and secondary data analysis, were used to examine the company’s ABS plastic recycling practices.
 
Results and Discussion: The company reduced virgin material usage and carbon emissions by implementing innovative recycling techniques. Annually, approximately 320 kilograms of ABS waste are recycled, lowering production costs by 9.3% and reducing CO₂ emissions by 860.8 kg.
 
Research Implications: This study demonstrates the practical application of circular economy principles in manufacturing, highlighting their dual benefits of environmental sustainability and economic performance.
 
Originality/Value: By focusing on the alignment of circular economy practices with SDG 12, this study provides actionable insights for manufacturers aiming to integrate ESG practices. The findings offer a replicable model for achieving sustainable development and advancing global SDG targets in resource-intensive industries.
A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE SELF-ESTEEM AMONG ADOLESCENTS OF ALCOHOLIC PARENTS, WHO ARE RESIDING IN SELECTED URBAN AREAS AT KOLHAPUR, MAHARASHTRA
Authors: Subravgoudar Mr. Praveen L , Rukumani Dr. J Rukumani
Published: February 2025

Alcoholism is seen as the world’s highly prevalent public health problem and it is a matter of serious concern not confined to any group culture/country. Alcohol and drug abuse has been showing an increasing trend in
India. Global states report on alcohol reported that annual prevalence of drinking among adult males in India is 21.4%. Report revealed that among the total drug uses alcohol (43%) was the most commonly used drug.
Alcoholism is also known as a family disease. Each member of the family may be affected by alcohol differently.
Parental alcoholism also has severe effects on normal children of alcoholics. Many of these children have
common symptoms such as low self-esteem, loneliness, guilt, feelings of helplessness, fears of abandonment,
and chronic depression. Studies have shown that children of alcoholics feel that they are different from other people; they develop a poor self-image, in which they closely resemble their alcoholic parents and the teenage children of alcoholics may develop phobias. Hence there is a need to assess the Self-Esteem among adolescents of alcoholic parents, who are residing in selected urban areas at Kolhapur. The objectives of the study are to assess the self-esteem among adolescents of alcoholic parents and to determine the association between self
esteem among adolescents of alcoholic parents with selected demographic variables. Methods: The sample for
the present study included 100 adolescents of alcoholic parents, who are residing in selected urban areas at
Kolhapur. To select the samples, non-probability purposive sampling method was used. The reliability of the
tool was established and the data was collected by using modified self-esteem scale with 35 statements and
based on demographic data. Results: The result also reveals that majority (96%) of the adolescents had moderate level of Self-Esteem, 4% had poor level of Self-Esteem and no one had optimal level of Self-Esteem.
EFFECTIVENESS OF DEVELOPMENTAL CARE TRAINING PROGRAM ON ATTITUDE AMONG NURSING STUDENTS IN SELECTED COLLEGES AT BILASPUR DISTRICT C. G
Authors: Mahendravarman Mr. P. Mahendravarman , dash Dr. Manju Bala
Published: February 2025

Developmental Care is an approach that uses a range of medical and nursing interventions that aim to
decrease the stress of preterm neonates in NICUs. Current practice requires the nursing staff to make a global pain assessment of neonates or apply validated pain scoring methods before taking appropriate actions to
ameliorate newborn pain or discomfort. This study was aimed to improve attitude of nursing students
regarding developmental care. Pre experimental one group Pre-test post-test design to evaluate the
effectiveness of Developmental Care training programme on attitude among the nursing students. The sample
size was 300 nursing students of selected nursing colleges. 5 point likert scale was used to assess likert scale.
The results showed that in pre test 44 (14.6%) subjects had unfavorable attitude towards Developmental Care
and 256 (85.5%) subjects had favorable attitude. In attitude, the pre test mean scores and standard deviation was 28.8 ± 6.52 whereas the post test means score and standard deviation was 37.54 ± 5.89 respectively. The calculated ‘t’ value is 13.46 with the p value 0.000 is less than 0.05. The statistical analysis shows highly significant difference between mean pretest and post test attitude level. Therefore, developmental care program was effective improving attitude of nursing students regarding developmental care.
EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT OF PROCEDURAL PAIN IN NEONATES AMONG STAFF NURSES
Authors: devi Ms. Nahakpam Neetu , rani Dr. Bimla
Published: February 2025

Background and objectives: The aim of non-pharmacological pain management is to utilize available nonpharmacological methods during painful procedures to minimize pain and distress in neonates. There are seven main non-pharmacological methods that are commonly used to relieve pain in neonates. These methods being
Breast feeding, Skin to skin contact, Music, Non-Nutritive sucking, Swaddling, Facilitated tucking, oral sucrose.
These non-pharmacological methods shows greater reduction in behavioural and physiological responses to
acute procedural pain and modulates pain perception and facilitates self-regulation in less intensive painful procedures and may decrease hyperactivity and regulate new-borns’ discomfort. The study was done to identify
the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching programme on knowledge regarding Non Pharmacological
management of Procedural pain in Neonates among staff Nurses working in NICU of SVS Hospital
Mahabubnagar, Telangana. Materials and methods: The research design adopted for the study was one group
pre-test and post test, which belongs to pre experimental design. 30 staff nurses were selected by using simple
random sampling technique of probability sampling technique method. A structured self-administered
questionnaire was used for data collection which consisted of two parts. Part A consisting of 10 demographic
data of the staff nurses and Part B consisting of 45 items regarding Non Pharmacological management of Procedural pain in Neonates among staff Nurses working in NICU of SVS Hospital, Mahabubnagar. Post-test was conducted after 4 weeks.
PHYSICAL AND MENTAL HEALTH RISKS OF EXCESSIVE MOBILE USE
Authors: devi Mrs. Yanglem Olypus , Masih Dr. Suraj J
Published: February 2025

Excessive mobile use has become increasingly common in recent years due to the widespread availability of smartphones and the internet. Many people rely on their phones for work, communication, and entertainment, and may find it difficult to disconnect. Social media and other apps are designed to be addictive, and can keep
people engaged for hours at a time. Excessive mobile use can have negative effects on both physical and mental
health. Some of the physical health problems associated with excessive mobile use include eye strain, poor
posture, and repetitive strain injuries. Mental health problems can include anxiety, depression, poor sleep,
decreased attention span, and addiction. To manage excessive mobile use, it's important to set boundaries and practice self-awareness. You can also use tools like Data Saver mode or screen time tracking apps to help manage your phone use.