bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Severe Accident in Complex System Reactor Using Moving Particle Semi-Implicit (MPS) Method
Authors: Rahasri Rifqa Fikriya , Mustari Asril Pramutadi Andi , Hidayati Anni Nuril
Published: January 2022

The very complex structure of nuclear reactors is one aspect of the cause of severe accidents in nuclear reactors. To prevent serious accidents, analysis is needed on the reactor design before the reactor is built. Reactor accident analysis can be done using the Moving Particle Semi-Implicit method. The Moving Particle Semi-Implicit method is excellent in simulating the movement of liquid fuel in a reactor because it can analyze the free surface flow of an incompressible liquid without using a mesh grid. Simulations were carried out using three types of fluids with different viscosities and densities such as water, oil, and wax. The simulation results show that the water takes the fastest time to drain all the particles and the oil takes the longest time. From the simulation results, it can be determined that the kinematic viscosity of a liquid affects its flow velocity.
The necessity for Zambia's vitamin A sugar fortification requirement
Authors: Thopacu Hilda
Published: January 2022

Zambia faces a serious vitamin A deficiency (VAD) that affects most infants and expectant mothers, leading to night blindness, maternal deaths, and more. One of the efforts to address this is by permitting only the manufacture, sale, or import of household consumption sugar which is fortified with vitamin A - which is seen as a disguised restriction on international trade. Through a desk-top research study, the article examines the question, as to what extent Zambia's fortification requirement complies with the necessity principle in the Technical Barrier to Trade Annex to the Southern African Development Community Protocol on Trade (TBT Annex) and Article 2(2) of the World Trade Organization's Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT Agreement). The research finds that the measure is a technical regulation with a legitimate objective to protect the health and lives of a target VAD Zambian population. Further, it is applied to both domestic and like foreign products; therefore, it is neither discriminatory nor directly linked to the lack of competitive opportunities for like foreign products. Even if fortified maize meal could be opted for instead of sugar, it cannot achieve the equivalent contribution in dealing with the VAD problem because of challenges, such as, the uncertainty in regulatory regime, and its irregular consumption pattern. Consequently, the sugar fortification requirement is not more trade restrictive than necessary under the TBT Annex and Article 2(2) of the TBT Agreement.
T Kondo (Ed) Law and Investment in Africa: The Governance of Foreign Direct Investment In Zimbabwe
Authors: Zongwe Dunia P
Published: January 2022

Tinashe Kondo's book, Law and investment in Africa, narrates the efforts of a country to regain the trust [and the love] of foreign investors after several decades of argument and hostility. Encapsulated in the "Zimbabwe is open for business" slogan, these efforts show "how a country can move to regain credibility and commit to global rules despite its recent history".2 This review of Kondo's book concerns the manner in which readers can take advantage of this immensely useful publication. Particularly, this review looks into the book in order to advise law academics on possible strategies to integrate the book into their curricula in Zimbabwe and elsewhere on the continent.
Is English becoming a threat to the existence of indigenous languages in institutions of higher learning in South Africa?
Authors: Munyai Anzanilufuno , Phooko Moses Retselisitsoe
Published: January 2022

This article provides a critique of the judgment of the Constitutional Court of South Africa in Gelyke Kanse v Chairperson of the Senate of the University of Stellenbosch1 with specific reference to the concept of transformative constitutionalism and the use of indigenous languages in tertiary education. The discussion further highlights the significant role played by one's own language in his or her day-to-day life encounters and argues that the wait has been too long to have one of the indigenous languages fully utilised in one of the tertiary institutions, amongst others. Finally, the paper recommends that the use of indigenous languages at institutions of higher learning needs to be given urgent attention by all stakeholders and can no longer remain at the mercy of those who are tasked with language policies at tertiary institutions.
An analysis of spousal competence and non-compellability in terms of section 198 of the Criminal Procedure Act
Authors: Lazarus Melissa , Khan Dr Franaaz
Published: January 2022

Marital privilege is founded on the biblical principles of the union between man and wife. Thus wives were not competent or compellable witnesses against their husbands. Over the years the privilege developed in English common law. South Africa codified the privilege through Section 198 of the Criminal Procedure Act 51 of 1977 which states that spouses cannot be compelled to testify against each other unless the crime for which the accused spouse is charged appears in the categories listed in Section 195 of the Act. There are many criticisms against affording a privilege to a particular class of persons - notably that the non-compellability exception given to spouses is unconstitutional as it violates the right to equality in terms of section 9 of the Constitution. Recent media coverage at the Zondo Commission highlighted this conundrum when the ex-minister's spouse was asked to testify. This article examines the merits of the unconstitutionality argument and concludes that spousal non-compellability fails to withstand the test against unfair discrimination on the basis of marital privilege. Finally, recommendations are proposed in this regard which examine the nature and evolution of spousal competence and non-compellability in South African law.
La conjugaison tchèque à l’usage des machines et des hommes : quelques réflexions
Authors: ŠMILAUER Ivan
Published: January 2022

Cet article traite quelques questions relatives à la conjugaison tchèque dans une perspective de traitement automatique des langues et de l’enseignement du tchèque en tant que langue étrangère. Après une présentation succincte de la conjugaison, sont traités de manière plus détaillée le classement de types de conjugaison et la génération des formes du présent de l’indicatif et de l’infinitif. Un cadeau spécial pour Patrice Pognan vient à la fin.
Sonda do české slovotvorby: Substantiva utvořená od sloves nebo slovesa utvořená od substantiv?
Authors: PANEVOVÁ Jarmila , ŠEVČÍKOVÁ Magda
Published: January 2022

La formation des mots en tchèque est un système très riche. Bien qu'il soit relativement bien décrit, il existe des endroits qui n'ont pas encore été traités. Patrice Pognan a abordé plusieurs d'entre eux, souvent avec des éclairages originaux intégrant les aspects synchroniques et diachroniques. Le problème qui nous intéresse ici est la détermination de la direction de la dérivation entre le verbe et le substantif. Alors que dans la grande majorité des paires, déterminer la direction de la dérivation n'est pas difficile, cf. učit > učitel ou hořet > hoření, dans le cas des paires verbe - substantif avec un suffixe dérivationnel zéro, les descriptions existantes sont loin d’être unanimes. Dans cet article, nous étudierons la relation (a) verbe > substantif verbal avec le suffixe zéro et les paires formellement proches avec la direction dérivationnelle opposée (b) substantif sans suffixe > verbe.
Effect of inoculation of corn seeds with azospirillum brasilense on grain and silage production
Authors: Pereira S. N. , Viégas J. L. , Tonin T. J. , Dotto L. R. , Moro G. , Costa L. L. , Schumacher L. L. , Skonieski F. R. , Rocha L. T.
Published: January 2022

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of inoculation of corn seeds with Azospirillum brasilense on grain and fodder production, nutritional value and fermentative characteristics of corn silage. The experimental design was completely randomized and consisted of two treatments with the inoculation of A. brasilense and control. The nutritive value of silages and grain yield were evaluated. The inoculation with A. brasilense did not increase the forage production (P> 0.05) however it resulted in an increase (P <0.05) in the silage material buffer power from pH 4.77 to pH 5.37 (meq HCl/100g MS). In silage the inoculation increased (P<0.05) crude protein, total digestible nutrients and degradability of organic matter. These results are associated with lower (P <0.05) concentration of lignin in the silages inoculated with A. brasilense. The grain yield and plant morphology were not altered (P>0.05) by inoculation. The inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense did not affect the production however it made possible an improvement in the nutritional value of the silage.
IoT-Based Tracking System of Transceiver Location
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Daulay Ahmad Fauzy , Wijanarko Heru , Pamungkas Daniel Sutopo , Kamarudin Kamarudin
Published: January 2022

Object mapping based on location tracking methods has been widely used in various types of applications.     Most tracking systems recently use existing technology and infrastructure such as satellite, cellular and wireless (RF) technology. These existing technologies are high-cost technology that needs authorized permission to be integrated to the novel technology. This research proposed a cheap point to point device technology to track a location of a transceiver using GPS in a portable infrastructure using Line of sight radio communication. The tracking system design is connected to the IoT system in order to be more accessible. The proposed system using GPS as an identifier of the transceiver coordinate location and 433MHz radio module as media communication between transmitter and receiver. The use of a 433MHz radio frequency module which is free-license adds value to the system so that it will be easily accessed. The design of portable and internet-based devices also gives a positive value in which the system does not have to depend on existing infrastructure and the system can also be reached even if it is placed in remote areas. The system test results show that the system can be well accessed up to a distance of 6.8 km.
Feasibility Study on Electrical Properties of 20 kV Polymeric Insulator Dry Test and Rainwater Test
Authors: Syakur Abdul , Nugroho A.I.W. , Hermawan Hermawan
Published: January 2022

Insulator is a very important equipment in an electric power system. Ceramic insulators have been widely used to support conductors in 20 kV power lines. The problem of ceramic insulators is that they are heavy, easily contaminated on the surface and require a lot of energy in the manufacturing process. Therefore, polymer insulators were developed. This paper presents the design of an epoxy resin polymer insulator with Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) as a nanofiller. The leakage current test was carried out in a high voltage laboratory by applying an AC high voltage of 50 Hz to the insulator dry conditions and the insulator wetted by rainwater contaminants. The results of the leakage current test in dry conditions are 487.6 μA, rainwater contaminated conditions are 594.93 μA, insulation resistance in dry conditions is 2.07 G-Ohms, and contaminated conditions are 1.41 G-Ohms. Based on the test results show that the insulator leakage current increases up to 22% when the surface of the insulator is contaminated with rainwater. Meanwhile, the insulation resistance decreased by up to 32% in conditions contaminated with rainwater. The value of leakage current and insulation resistance indicates that the epoxy resin insulator with TiO2 as filler is electrically feasible to use.
Potential Usage of Solar Energy as a Renewable Energy Source in Petukangan Utara, South Jakarta
Authors: Laksana Eka Purwa , Prabowo Yani , Sujono Sujono , Sirait Rummi , Fath Nifty , Priyadi Ardyono , Purnomo Mauridhi Hery
Published: January 2022

Indonesia is a tropical country located on the equator. The average intensity of solar radiation in Indonesia is 4.8 kWh/m2. This makes Indonesia a country with new and ren ewable energy potential, one of which is solar panel technology. The first step that must be done in the process of installing solar panels in a place is to analyze the potential of solar energy. In this study, an analysis of the potential of solar energy as a new renewable energy source has been carried out at Budi Luhur University, North Petukangan, South Jakarta. Based on the research results, the maximum photovoltaic efficiency that can be achieved is 21.45%. During the day, the efficiency of the solar panels increases along with the ncrease in the value of the voltage obtained. However, the higher the panel temperature, the lower the efficiency of the solar panel. Therefore, a cooling system is needed to anticipate this.
Priority Modeling for Public Urban Park Development in Feasible Locations using GIS, Intuitionistic Fuzzy AHP, and Fuzzy TOPSIS
Authors: Wicaksono Arif
Published: January 2022

As feasible locations of public urban park in Bogor Municipality have been acquired in a previous study, decision makers are urgently needed to be informed on which locations should be prioritized for public urban park (PUP) development. Therefore, this study aggregates four multi-spatial criteria for PUP development priority modeling, namely distance to slum neighborhood, accessibility, slope, and land value. These four criteria in form of vector datasets were weighted using intuitionistic fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (IF-AHP) to consider the hesitancy, vagueness, and fuzziness might arise from experts’ judgement as well as from multi-spatial data processing. Resulted criteria weights from IF-AHP show that accessibility weight 0.261, land value weight 0.259, distance to slum weight 0.255, and slope weight 0.225, respectively. Criteria weights were inputted into fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS) and geographic information system (GIS) to rank location priority. Results from fuzzy TOPSIS show that very high priority class which has the biggest CCi values range (0.654-0.76) provides 0.14 km2 area of feasible PUP development scattered in 10 locations. The biggest area for feasible PUP development is generated by medium priority class (CCi values 0.439-0.546) in 26 locations and approximately area of 0.38 km2.
To the questions of modern gynecology
Authors: Kupidonova V.
Published: January 2022

On September 26, 1890, thanks to the courtesy of the highly respected Professor V. F. Snegirev, I was able to inspect the gynecological clinic of the Moscow University, built on the capital donated by the Moscow manufacturer Morozov.
PROTOCOL No. 6.
Meeting on September 24, 1892
Authors: Slavyanskiy K. F.
Published: January 2022

39 members were present: Batsevich, Vasten, Hermonius, Danilovich, Dobradin, Dranitsyn, Zheltukhin, Zabolotskiy, Zamshin, Zmigrodskiy, Lichkus, Lopatinskiy, Mazurkevich, Massen, Mersh, Neishtube, Ott, Petrovich, Porshnyakov, Rachinskiy, Rodzevich, Ruzi, Rutkovskiy, Savchenko, Sadovskiy, Salmanov, Stelmakovich, Stravinskiy, Ulrikh, Fisher A.R., Fratkin, Chagin, Shverdlov, Shtol, Stolz, Shurinov, Shuttenbach, Eichfus, Yanpolsky and 11 guests.
FIRST INTERNATIONAL GYNECOLOGICAL CONGRESS IN BRUSSELS, SEPTEMBER 14-17 N.ST. 1892 YEAR
Authors: Hermonius A. K.
Published: January 2022

Consolas (Аins). - Rarely diagnose malformation of the uterus in a living woman; but even more rarely cases of diagnosis of complete absence of the uterus, due to the rarity of this anomaly.
TO THE QUESTION ABOUT A MORE CORRECT STATEMENT OF EDUCATION OF MIDWIFE AT US, IN RUSSIA
Authors: Perfiliev O. M.
Published: January 2022

Is it worth it, apparently, to talk a lot about such a modest in its purpose a book like this? Indeed, there are few such popular books on various fields of medicine and hygiene, and such books that should not be opened: before that, in most cases, they are poorly, ineptly, to such an extent, in their publication, counting on the pocket of consumers is visible. It is all the more pleasant, without a doubt, to meet everything that bears the stamp of originality or a consciousness of the real benefits that should result from such books for readers. The leader of Mr. Artemyev, despite the modesty of the purpose for which it is intended, and the obvious narrowness, specialty of its content, this is exactly the book: it is also original, in the sense of some innovations in the author's views on the subject of his specialty (he obstetrician) and the tasks of such books, which is the present, and, indeed, pursues specific, practical goals, will really benefit its readers.
To the treatment of rectal fistulas in women
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: January 2022

Virgo intacta, 24 years old. She suffered from typhlitis and perityflitis.
On the removal of the uterine appendages and their neoplasms through the posterior fornix
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: January 2022

The author considers the methods of Pean'a and Dhrssen'a, (for the treatment of diseases of the appendages), as having very significant drawbacks, especially in comparison with the operation through the posterior fornix.
Experience of critical assessment of some of the main modern methods of fibrotomy based on our own 25 operations
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: January 2022

The most common methods at present, fibrotomy without the formation of the leg, fibrotomy with extraperitoneal strengthening of the leg and with intraperitoneal care for it, were tested by the author in his cases.
About aliens in one case of ovarian cancer
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: January 2022

The author examined in detail the cancerous tumors of the right and left ovaries removed by gluttony.
Application of the Champetier de Ribes'a balloon with placenta presentation
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: January 2022

In case of bleeding, due to the presentation of the placenta, the Champetier de Ribes'a balloon, proposed by the author initially for the induction of artificial premature birth, turns out to be very convenient.
Desidual membrane as evidence of ectopic pregnancy (resp. Laparotomy on the erroneous assumption of ectopic pregnancy)
Authors: Ginzburg M.
Published: January 2022

The woman was admitted to the hospital on the occasion of a suspected ectopic pregnancy, even before the rupture of the fetal sac.
Massive gastrointestinal bleeding due to rectovaginal fistula: A rare case report
Authors: ÖLMEZ Şehmus , BAŞ Sevda , AKÇAER ÖZTÜRK Nevin , DİLEK Okan , SARITAŞ Bünyamin
Published: January 2022

Rectovaginal fistula is usually observed due to obstetric traumas during giving birth, rectal or gynecologic malignities or after surgical therapy of malignant lesions or radiotherapy. Rectovaginal fistulas are not common in general surgery and gynecology clinics. However, these lesions are rarely seen during gastroenterology practice. In gastroenterology practice, we may face with rectovaginal fistula during Crohn’s disease’s course. These lesions deteriorate patients’ quality of life and increase morbidity and mortality. Endoscopy may be used to detect the localization of fistula and may help to choose correct treatment modality. Endoscopy sometimes may also be used to treat rectovaginal fistula via endoclips or stents. Typical complaints for rectovaginal fistulas are air, gas, or mucus discharge from vagina. Dyspareunia, perineal pain, or recurrent vaginal infections may also be seen. Rectal bleeding is not a common complaint for rectovaginal fistulas. Herein we report a rare case with rectovaginal fistula presenting with massive rectal bleeding after debulking surgery for ovarian carcinoma.
Tartós gondoskodás és nemek közötti egyenlőség az európai jóléti rendszerekben
Authors: Bartha Attila , Zentai Violetta
Published: January 2022

Az idősödő európai társadalmakban kiemelten fontos közpolitikai kérdés, hogy milyen formális és informális intézményi keretekben szerveződik a tartós gondoskodás. Az elmúlt évtizedek európai reformjai a gondoskodás területén az ellátások hozzáférhetőségének és megfelelő minőségének, illetve a tartós gondoskodás pénzügyi és humán erőforrásainak biztosítására irányultak. Ezek a változások többféle mechanizmuson keresztül hatnak a nők és a férfiak részvételére a fizetett és a háztartási munkákban, következményük pedig ellentmondásos a nemek közötti egyenlőségre. A tartós gondoskodás intézményi szerveződése beágyazódik a családról alkotott elképzelésekbe és a társadalmak általános viszonyulását tükrözi idős, illetve fogyatékos állampolgáraikhoz, a gondoskodási munkák világához, valamint a férfiak és nők közötti munkamegosztáshoz. A gondoskodási politikák, illetve a munka és a családi élet összeegyeztetését alakító politikák mintázatait európai összehasonlításban, a fuzzy set ideáltípus-elemzés módszerével vizsgáljuk. A tartós gondoskodás intézményi szerveződésében kiemelt figyelmet fordítunk a családi és családi kereteken túli gondoskodás (de/familializáció) kettősségére. Ideáltípusaink kiindulópontja Nancy Fraser klasszikus tipológiája, az empirikus elemzés dimenziói pedig a tartós gondoskodás közösségi finanszírozásának nagysága, az ellátatlan gondozási szükségletek, az otthoni gondoskodás szabályozása, illetve a nők és a férfiak fizetett munkában történő részvétele. A tartós gondoskodás feltárt intézményi mintázatait összevetjük a nemek közötti egyenlő(tlen)ség és a bevándorlók otthoni gondoskodásban történő részvételének megfigyelhető mutatóival. Eredményeinkben részben visszaköszönnek a jólétirezsim-tipológiáknak az európai országok összehasonlításában szokásos mintázatai, néhány posztszocialista ország esetében ugyanakkor transzformatív, a nemek közötti egyenlőség érdemi előmozdítására utaló jeleket tapasztalunk.
„Van, amikor szakad a cérna” : Demenciával élő idősek családi gondozóinak terhelődése egy kvalitatív vizsgálat tükrében
Authors: Kopasz Marianna
Published: January 2022

A külföldi szakirodalomban jól dokumentált, hogy a demenciával élő személyek családon belüli gondozása különösen megterhelő a gondozók számára. Magyarországon általában véve is kevés a családi gondozókkal foglalkozó munka, de a demenciával élő hozzátartozójukat gondozókkal összefüggésben tudomásom szerint egészen az utóbbi időkig nem készült empirikus vizsgálat. A jelen kutatás 30 demenciával élő személyről gondoskodó családi gondozóval – 2020 nyarán – készített interjún alapul. A vizsgálat többek között arra keresett választ, hogy milyen gondozással összefüggő terhekkel szembesülnek a családi gondozók, illetve milyen a családi és az informális gondozás viszonya. A gondozók terhelődését a tanulmány Pearlin és munkatársai (1990) gondozói stresszfolyamat modellje alapján vizsgálja. A gondozott szükségleteiből közvetlenül fakadó objektív elsődleges stresszorok vonatkozásában úgy tűnik, nagyobb terhet jelent a gondozók számára a demenciával élő hozzátartozó kognitív hanyatlása, magatartási és pszichés tünetei, illetve az ezek miatt szükségessé váló felügyelet, mint a napi tevékenységek végrehajtása kapcsán nyújtott segítség. A gondozás nehézségeinek megélésével összefüggő szubjektív elsődleges stresszorok tekintetében az interjúkban jól tetten érhető volt a demencia előrehaladásával a gondozó saját elemi szükségleteinek háttérbe szorulása és a túlterhelődés. Ehhez társult még a kapcsolati depriváció, vagyis a gondozó-gondozott kapcsolat átalakulása is. A gondozás iménti elsődleges stresszorai mellett a tanulmány a gondozási tevékenység talaján kifejlődő másodlagos stresszorokat is vizsgálja. Ezek közül a társas élet beszűkülése és a rekreációra fordítható idő lecsökkenése tűnt a leghangsúlyosabbnak. A stresszfolyamat kimenetét befolyásoló tényezők közül egyfelől a legtöbb gondozó esetében jelen volt a gondozáshoz kapott családi, szomszédi, baráti segítség, másfelől pedig sokan képesek voltak a gondozáshoz valamilyen pozitív jelentést társítani. A kutatás az informális és a formális gondozás (házi segítségnyújtás és nappali ellátás) viszonyát illetően arra mutatott rá, hogy az informális gondozás formális gondozással való kiegészítése akkor következik be, ha hiányos az idős személy informális gondozói hálózata, vagy fokozottabb a gondozási szükséglete. Ez az eredmény a vonatkozó elméletek közül Chappel és Blandford (1991) feltételezését támasztja alá.
Az autonómia és a gondoskodás fogalmai a szülőség kontextusában : Lehetőségek a fogyatékossággal élő gyermeket nevelő családok autonómiatapasztalatainak értelmezéséhez
Authors: Nagy Éva
Published: January 2022

A tanulmány célja annak a fogalmi keretnek a felrajzolása, amelyben megmutatható a fogyatékossággal élő gyermeket nevelő szülők támogató kapcsolati hálója és autonómiamegélése közti viszony. Mindehhez szükséges megismerni azokat a diskurzusokat, amelyek e szülők gondoskodástapasztalatának vizsgálata körül bontakoztak ki az utóbbi évtizedekben. Elemzésem során arra teszek kísérletet, hogy felvázoljam milyen megközelítésben és milyen hangsúlyokkal jelenik meg a gondoskodás és az autonómia viszonyának problémaköre a fogyatékosságtudományi és gondoskodáskutatási megközelítésékben, s milyen lehetőséget kínálnak ezek a fogyatékossággal élő gyermekekről való szülői gondoskodás vizsgálatában. Ebben a tekintetben termékeny megközelítést kínál a relacionális autonómia fogalmának alkalmazása, melynek segítségével megvilágíthatjuk, hogy a kirekesztés és kiszolgáltatottság sokféle formáját megélő szülők miképpen találják meg a támogatás és a függetlenség tapasztalatát a gondoskodás kapcsolathálójában. A felvázolt koncepcionális keret egy jelenleg is zajló terepkutatás módszertani alapjainak kidolgozásához szolgál kiindulópontul. A kutatás során autizmus spektrum zavarban érintett gyermeket nevelő szülők támogató kapcsolatait vizsgálom egy alföldi kistelepülés helyi társadalmában. A tanulmány második részében azt a módszertani kérdését igyekszem megválaszolni, hogy a relacionális autonómia megközelítéséből kiindulva hogyan ragadhatók meg az érintett szülők autonómiatapasztalatai a gondoskodás komplex viszonyrendszerében. Ehhez a gondoskodás térbeli megközelítésére támaszkodva a gondoskodói táj (caringscape) koncepcióját használom fel, megnyitva az utat a szülői gondoskodás etnográfiai vizsgálata felé.
A numerical investigation of the species transport approach for modeling of gaseous combustion
Authors: RAJAK Upendra , NASHINE Prerana , KUMAR CHAURASIYA Prem , NATH VERMA Tikendra
Published: January 2022

This present work shows a study of the effect of thermal radiation in the simulation of a turbulent, non-premixed diesel-air, hydrogen-air, kerosene-air, n-butanol, pentane-air, propane-air and methane–air used in a 2D geometry cylindrical combustion chamber. The numerical simulation based on the solution of the mass, momentum, energy and the chemical species conservation equations was performed for steady state condition using computation Fluid Dynamic (CFD), while the turbulence modeling was considered via standard k–ε model. The results indicate that highest mass fraction of NO emissions with hydrogen-air fuel compared to diesel fuel. The results showed a better performance of kerosene-air alternative based on the emissions characteristics in the present work. The CO2 emission reduced with hydrogen-air compared to diesel fuel due to better combustion. A significant decrease of emissions characteristics (O2, H2O and NO) was observed. The present numerical investigated results of methane-air are compared to experimental results compared to Silva et al. (2007) and Garreton and Simonin (1994) for tool validation.
Keratometry using hand-held and automated keratometers with and without speculum in Indian pediatric cataract – A comparative study
Authors: Jat Neha Singh , Hasan Sumaiya , Singh Dheerendra , Buddhe Vivek Paul
Published: January 2022

To study the keratometry of Indian pediatric eyes, the effect of speculum on keratometry reading, the concordance of hand held and automated keratometry and the effect of unilateral and bilateral cataract on keratometry and IOL power calculation.

This was conducted as a cross- sectional observational study on 101 eyes of children in the age range of 41 post-conceptional weeks to 144 months. All cooperative patients were subject to automated keratometry followed by keratometry using hand held keratometer with and without speculum.

Hand held keratometer with and without speculum documented significantly increased average K as well as astigmatism and decreased calculated IOL power when compared to automated keratometry (p<0.01). No significant difference in K readings was observed between unilateral and bilateral cataracts and among males and females (p>0.05). As the age increased, astigmatism increased significantly (R=0.07; p=0.007) whereas no such correlation was observed for keratometry (p>0.05).

Hand held keratometry offers the convenience of obtaining accurate keratometry, astigmatism and IOL power measurements in children.
Extension Block Pinning of Mallet Fractures: Comparison Between Early and Delayed Surgery
Authors: SURUCU Serkan , AYDIN Mahmud
Published: January 2022

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the outcomes of individuals who had acute mallet fracture treatment early versus those who underwent delayed surgical treatment.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study in which all patients were skeletally mature and underwent closed extension pinning surgery for Doyle Type 4B mallet fractures. Crawford criteria were used to evaluate extension lag, loss of DIP joint flexion, and pain outcomes following surgery. All patients were evaluated clinically and radiographically.

Results: There were 16 females and 32 males with total of 48 patients in this study. The mean age at the time of surgery was 31.50 ± 9.75 years (range, 19-60 years). A total of 30 patients with early surgical treatment of mallet fractures and 18 patients with delayed surgical therapy were included in the study. There was no significant difference in the active flexion of the DIPJ, Crawford criteria (p=0.085, p=0.907, respectively), except for complication rates (p=0.045).

Conclusions: When compared to the early closed extension-block pinning technique, the delayed closed extension-block pinning technique yielded a satisfactory functional outcome in the treatment of mallet fractures.
Could Hemogram Parameters Be Useful Biomarkers for The Diagnosis of Impaired Glucose Tolerance ?
Authors: SİNCAN Gülden , ÖZTÜRK İlyas , SİNCAN Suat , ERDEM Fuat , ŞANİBAŞ Ahmet Veli
Published: January 2022

Objective: Elevated blood glucose may be affect complete blood count parameters. In this study, we compared the hemogram parameters of healthy individuals and cases with impaired glucose tolerance.

Method: We examineted 134 patients with impaired glucose tolerance and 30 healthy cases. Patients files were evaluated retrospectively and the levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, red blood cell, red cell distribution wide, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution wide, leukocycte, neutrophil, lymphocycte, platelet, and hemoglobin A1c were recorded. Control and patient groups were compared in terms of these parameters with student T test. In addition, the relationship between hemoglobin A1c value and complete blood count parameters were determined in patients with impaired glucose tolerance.

Results: There was no significantly difference between study and control groups in terms of hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, red blood cell count, red cell distrubition wide, leukocycte, neutrophil, lymphocycte, platelet levels. The mean platelet volume and platelet distribution wide values were significantly higher in the patient group than the control group (p value: 0.002, p value: 0.04 respectively).

Conclusion: Complete blood count is an easy, inexpensive test that can be performed in most hospitals. If our study results are supported by other studies, some hemogram parameters may be used to diagnose of impaired glucose tolerance.
Association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, Cyclooxygenase-2 and Prostaglandin E2 Serum Levels in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Ilyan Theresia , Retnoningrum Dwi , Hendrianingtyas Meita , Widyaningrum Dian , Rachmawati Banundari
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) expression differ between breast cancer stages. Since, previous studies showed mixed results, in this study, we aimed to analyze vitamin D levels related to breast cancer stages and serum levels of COX2 and PGE2 in Indonesia.METHODS: This was a cross sectional study involving 75 breast cancer patients. Subjects were divided into 3 groups, namely operable early stage (K1), locally advanced stage (K2), and advanced stage (K3). Venous blood samples were taken from each subject, then were analyzed for the 25(OH)D, COX2, and PGE2 serum levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.RESULTS: There were significant differences in 25(OH)D among groups (p=0.012); between K1 and K2 (p=0.009) and between K1 and K3 (p=0.023). However, there was no significant difference in serum COX2 level (p=0.328). There were significant differences of PGE2 among groups (p=0.002); between K1 and K2 (p=0.036) and between K1 and K3 (p=0.001). Correlation test showed that there were differences between 25(OH)D serum levels and PGE2 serum level (r=0.306, p=0.008) and also between 25(OH)D serum level and breast cancer stage (r=-0.229; p=0.048).CONCLUSION: There were differences in serum Vitamin D and PGE2 levels at various stages of breast cancer. Serum 25(OH)D levels had weak correlation with breast cancer stage and PGE2 serum level. Serum vitamin D level in advanced breast cancer were lower than early stage breast cancer and indicate a poor prognosis.KEYWORDS: breast cancer, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, cyclooxygenase 2, prostaglandin E2
Antihypercholesterolemic and Antioxidant Effects of Blumea balsamifera L. Leaf Extracts to Maintain Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Rats Induced by High-Cholesterol Diets
Authors: Widhiantara I Gede , Permatasari Anak Agung Ayu Putri , Rosiana I Wayan , Wiradana Putu Angga , Widiastini Luh Putu , Jawi I Made
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: The discovery of herbal ingredients for antihypercholesterolemic and to improve male reproductive function is very necessary due to high-cholesterol diet factors. Blumea balsamifera leaf extract (BBLE) is known to be able to increase the number and diameter of Leydig cells in rats given high-fat feed. This study was to conducted to determine the levels of total cholesterol, body weight, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Luteinizing Hormone (LH) in high-cholesterol-fed male rats provided with BBLE.METHODS: This research utilized a randomized post-test only control group. Ethanol was used to extract the BBLE, which was then evaporated. For 21 days, 16 Wistar rats were given a high-cholesterol diet. To determine the effect of BBLE on the high-cholesterol diet, the samples were divided into two groups (control and BBLE group) on day 22. The treatments lasted 30 days. SOD, plasma MDA, LH, and total cholesterol were measured.RESULTS: The results showed that the SOD and LH parameters were significantly higher in the treatment of BBLE compared to the control group (p<0.05). The parameters of total cholesterol levels, bodyweight, and MDA of rats given BBLE were significantly lower than those of the control group (p<0.05).CONCLUSION: Our findings highlight that BBLE has antihypercholesterolemic and antioxidant effects. The BBLE also has potential to be used as a therapy to maintain male reproductive function because it has a positive effect on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis through increasing LH secretion.KEYWORDS: Malondialdehyde, Superoxide dismutase, Luteinizing hormone, Blumea balsamifera extract, High-cholesterol diet
Daily Soy–Catfish–Anchovy–Rice (SCAR) Porridge Increases 25(OH)D Serum Levels in Tuberculosis Patients with Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms
Authors: Sari Dina Keumala , Dharmajaya Ridha , Sari Mutiara Indah , Darlan Dewi Masyithah
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: The presence of vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphism and high levels of inflammatory markers are predisposing factors indicating disease progression and malnutrition. To meet nutritional needs in maintaining nutritional status in tuberculosis patients with VDR gene polymorphisms (TaqI or FokI), food that is easily absorbed and high in vitamin D, calcium, and protein is needed. This study was conducted to determine whether high vitamin D and calcium porridge called soy–catfish–anchovy–rice (SCAR) porridge would increase 25(OH)D serum levels and other parameters, including calcium, albumin, high-sensivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and blood glucose serum levels.METHODS: The study was a parallel, open, clinical trial. There were 22 subjects in the intervention (I) group who received 50 g of SCAR porridge once per day along with dietary counseling, and 21 subjects in the control (C) group who only received dietary counseling. All subjects with TC and CC (TaqI) or TC and CC (FokI) genotype were included in this study. The intervention lasted for 14 days, and the parameters such as 25(OH)D, calcium, albumin, hs-CRP, and blood glucose serum levels were assessed before and after intervention between groups.RESULTS: All subjects in both groups completed the study. After 14 days of intervention, there was a significant increase in 25(OH)D (p=0.01) and decrease in hs-CRP (p=0.02) serum levels in the I group, and no change was observed in the C group. There was no significant difference in albumin and blood glucose serum levels.CONCLUSION: The results show that 50 g of SCAR porridge per day for 14 days is an effective supplementation that can increase 25(OH)D and decrease hs-CRP serum levels in tuberculosis patients with VDR gene polymorphism.KEYWORDS: vitamin D, hs-CRP, polymorphism, porridge
Serumal and Salivary 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)D Levels of Head and Neck Cancer Patients
Authors: Sari Dina Keumala , Sari Liza Meutia , Laksmi Lidya Imelda , Farhat Farhat , Daulay Elvita Rahmi , Sandra Ferry , Lubis Zulfikar , Ganie Ratna Akbari
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Saliva has been suggested as a substitute of serum for the detection of 25 Dihydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in healthy people. However, investigation of salivary 1,25(OH)D has not been clearly reported. Vitamin plays important roles in inhibiting cancer progression. Current study was conducted to investigate serumal and salivary 25(OH)D) and 1,25(OH)D levels of healthy and head and neck cancer (HNC) subjects.METHODS: Research were conducted at Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. Forty HNC and 40 healthy subjects were recruited and selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Medical records were documented, followed by anthropometric evaluation and serum and saliva collection. Laboratory investigation for 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH) was performed using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods.RESULTS: Significant serumal (p=0.002) and salivary (p=0.016) 25(OH)D mean level differences of HNC and normal groups were obtained. More serumal or salivary 25(OH)D deficient subjects were found in control group than those in HNC group. Meanwhile, serumal and salivary 1,25(OH)D mean levels of HNC group were not significantly different with the ones of control group. There were significant correlations of serumal-salivary 25(OH)D as well as serumal-salivary 1,25(OH)D levels in normal group.CONCLUSION: Serumal and salivary 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)D levels of HNC group were relatively normal. Salivary 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)D could be suggested as substitutes for serumal ones.KEYWORDS: vitamin D, 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)D, head and neck cancer
A Study on the Learner’s Satisfaction of on-line PBL classes in Korean College
Authors: Jun Byoungho
Published: January 2022

The quick move to non-face-to-face education caused by the sudden attack of the COVID-19 led to many problems such as faculty’s burden and stress from the planning and designing of suitable on-line classes, technology system problems for both students and faculty and students’ complaints of the low quality of education. Especially Project-based learning (PBL) has more challenges because it is learners-centred and is usually done in face-to-face environment. The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the learner’s satisfaction of non-face-to-face on-line PBL classes in terms of interaction and learner’s factors during the attack of COVID-19 pandemic. The data Was collected through questionnaires, from 175 undergraduate students at S women’s university who took the on-line PBL classes. SEM (Structural Equation Model) was used for empirical test using SmartPLS. The results of the empirical analysis reveal that interaction and media utilization self-efficacy are likely to predict learner’s satisfaction.
 
Keywords: COVID-19, On-line PBL class, Satisfaction, Interaction, IT self-efficacy, Motivation
Nation-building and identity development through ethnocultural content in university English for Specific Purposes courses in Kazakhstan
Authors: Kurmanayeva Dina , Tazhitova Gulzhakhan , Zhalelova Gulzhan , Ustelimova Natalya , Kurmanayeva Gulmira
Published: January 2022

It seems obvious that that educational activity establishes conditions for the development of a person capable of combining ancestral traditions and values while maintaining their distinctive ethnoculture. This paper investigates how integrating ethnocultural material into English for Specific Purposes (ESP) university courses contributes to nation-building and students’ identity development while at the same time exerting impact on ESP curriculum advancement. The empirical part of the research involved 104 first-year engineering students learning English as a foreign language for specific purposes. The experiment demonstrated that exposing students to regional material and enabling them to communicate in English about their region empowers them in their national and regional identity, while contributing to nation-building goals of university education. The findings of the study reveal that integrating ethnocultural material into ESP university courses positively impacts both students’ motivation and their national identity development.

 

Keywords: Ethnocultural material, ESP, national identity, nation-building, students, criteria, reflection.
Improving primary school teachers’ competence in teaching multi-literacy through RADEC-based training programs
Authors: Imran Muhammad Erwinto , Sopandi Wahyu , Mustafa Bachruddin , Riyana Cepi
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this research is to improve the competence of teachers in teaching multi-literacy through a training programme based on the Read–Answer–Discuss–Explain–Create (RADEC) learning model. This descriptive qualitative study was conducted in a private primary school in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. The participants included were a teacher and 29 students (17 male and 12 female students, with an average age of 11 years). Documentations, observations and interviews were used as data collection. The data were analysed quantitatively and through the Rasch model. The results show that mentoring during the implementation of the RADEC model can increase teachers’ knowledge of multi-literacy learning and teachers’ skills in planning and implementing the RADEC model. It can be concluded that the RADEC learning model contributes to a positive change in student learning, promotes 21st-century skills and includes multi-literacy skills. Thus, trainers can use the RADEC learning model to enhance teachers’ ability in teaching multi-literacy.        

 

Keywords: Multi-literacy, RADEC model, teachers’ competence
Problems of education of legal culture of students
Authors: Ashirova Zhazira , Sydykova Zukhra , Yerkekul Zhansaya , Kuanyshbayeva Zaure , Uristenbekova Gulbanu
Published: January 2022

One of the features of a mature society is the existence of a perfect system of legal regulation. To have a solid system of legal regulations, students need to be trained beforehand, to make them prepared for the world of practice. The purpose of the article is to theoretically substantiate the problem of educating the legal culture of students, to contribute to solving legal problems. The basis of such a system is the high level of legal culture of the members of this society. In order to build a rule-of-law state, for the successful socio-economic development of the country, it is necessary to educate an active young man with a developed sense of justice.The study analyzes a series of student responses that were collected through interviews. In addition, comparative data were revealed in the study using methods such as thematic analysis.As a result of the experimental work, the level of students' legal culture and comparative data on the development of students' legal culture were revealed.
 
Keywords: education; law; legal culture; society; student; upbringing,
Analysis of professional competencies and basic skills in distance education tutor tutorials
Authors: Zaidin Muhammad Arifin , Kusmaladewi Kusmaladewi , Thaba Aziz
Published: January 2022

This study aims to examine how the ability to apply professional competency tutors and how the ability to apply basic skills tutorial tutors Early Childhood Education Program in the Makassar Open University Distance Learning Program Unit. This research is type of qualitative research. Research sample consisted of six tutors as key informants. Purposive sampling technique is used with the consideration of key informants in the level II regional pokjar. Data analysis used four stages, namely identification, data reduction, interpretation, explanation, and conclusion. The results of this study indicate that tutors have tutorial readiness, tutors do not check module readiness and do not convey special competencies (KK), the presentation of material is still not optimal. The tutor does not provide apperception, the tutor is flexible and positive in the tutorial, presents the material using power points, the tutor has not maximized the assessment process or learning outcomes.

 

Keywords: Basic, competence, application, professional, skills, tutorial;
The "Self- concept" of students: Scientific bases and features of research
Authors: Matayev Berik , Shalgynbayeva Kadisha , Sarsenbayeva Botagoz , Karas Kaziyev , Kolyukh Olga
Published: January 2022

Modern psychological and pedagogical research of professional training of Pedagogy and psychology students is gaining its relevance in scientific research, especially in the field of the "Self-concept". This study aims to study the problem of diagnosis and description of the "Self-concept" of future specialists of educational psychologists of Bachelor degree students in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The sample consisted of 132 students of the specialty "Pedagogy and psychology" of the Pavlodar state pedagogical University and S. Toraigyrov Pavlodar state University, who were men and women aged 17 to 25 years, without work experience. Based on the results obtained, hypothesis of existence of relationship between the "Self-concept" and professional training of future specialists was confirmed.

 

 

Keywords: "Self-concept", professional training, student, personality, future specialist.