bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Use of Rectus Abdominis Sheath For Wrapping of the Hydroxyapatite Orbital Implants
Authors: Kao Shine C S , Chen Shuan
Published: April 2021

Abstract: Because of the decreasing availability of whole eye donation, the source of banked sclera is becoming less available. We used autogenous Rectus abdominis sheath (RAS) as an alternative to banked sclera in wrapping the hydroxyapatite (HA)orbital implant. Five anophthalmic patients were included in this study from July 1994 to December 1997. Identical surgical methods were used in every case. The average follow-up time was 18.4 months. The motility associated with sheath-wrapped HA implants was excellent and good vascular ingrowth was found in each patient during peg drilling. The complications are minimal in all the cases. Use of RAS as wrapping material for HA orbital implant has promising results. The RAS served as a practical substitute for banked donor sclera. [Ophthalmic Surgery and Lasers 1999;30:69-71.]
Evaluation of Triggers for Corneal Graft Rejection
Authors: Miedziak Anita I , Tambasco Fabiana P , Lucas-Glass Tina C , Rapuano Christopher J , Laibsan Peter R , Cohen Elisabeth J
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate potential triggering factors contributing to corneal graft rejection.

* PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective, case control study was conducted over a five month period. All patients presenting with new onset corneal graft rejection were enrolled into the study group. Two patients with clear grafts who presented shortly after each enrolled study group patient served as controls. Groups were matched for age, preoperative diagnosis, and number of previous keratoplasties. Participating patients and examining ophthalmologists filled out questionnaires regarding infectious, environmental and immunologie exposures.

* RESULTS: 66 patients were enrolled into the study, of which 22 had new rejection episodes. The most prevalent diagnoses were keratoconus (36.6%) and herpes simplex keratitis (22.7%). Anterior chamber reaction (77.3%) and keratic precipitates (68.2%) were the most common signs of graft rejection. A history of prior rejection episodes was significantly more frequent in the study group population (p < 0.001). Factors such as sun exposure, stress, smoking and travel were more prevalent in the rejection group but not statistically significant. The history of recent vaccinations and allergic reactions were equally prevalent in both groups.

* CONCLUSIONS: The new onset of corneal graft rejection was highly associated with a prior history of graft rejection episodes (p < 0.001). Other analyzed factors were not significant triggering factors for rejection in this small series.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1999;30:133-139.]
Corneal Topography and Postoperative Refraction After Cataract Phacoemulsification Following Radial Keratotomy
Authors: Bardocci Antonio , Lofoco Giorgio
Published: April 2021

Abstract. We present one case in which phacoemulsification was performed seven years after radial keratotomy (RK). A 55-year-old military police officer had undergone successful bilateral RK for the correction of myopia seven years before he developed a cataract in his left eye. Pre-RK keratometric and refractive data and post-RK myopia reduction were not available. We relied upon corneal topography to measure corneal refractive power. We took the Effective Refractive Power (EffRP) index from EyeSys Holladay's Diagnostic Summary and used SRK-T formula for IOL calculation. A-scan axial length readings were consistent and reliable (AL = 26.0 mm). Aiming at postoperative emmetropia, we implanted a +20D PC IOL (A cost. = 118) was implanted. The lens was expected (SRK-T formula) to give a -1.35D postoperative refraction. After uneventful cataract surgery, corneal topography showed significant corneal instability with central corneal flattening in the first post-operative weeks, mild central corneal steepening at week 6, and return to preoperative corneal curvature at week 23. One year after cataract extraction, the patient's spherical equivalent is +1.12D, showing a prediction error of about 2.5 diopters. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1998;30:155-159.]
Preoperative Use of Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Large Submacular Hemorrhage
Authors: Chaudhry Nauman A , Mieler William F , Han Dennis P , Alfaro Virgil D , Liggett Peter E
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Tissue Plasminogen Activator (TPA) has been used as an adjunct in the surgical removal of submacular hemorrhage. It is usually used intraoperatively, but may not provide enough time for effective fibrinolysis, especially for a large hemorrhage. The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency and safety of preoperative use of TPA for large submacular hemorrhages.

* METHODS: Five eyes with large submacular hemorrhage secondary to age-related macular degeneration underwent subretinal injection of TPA in the office 24 hours before surgery. All hemorrhages were less than seven days old and at least 3 mm thick.

* RESULTS: Preoperative visual acuity ranged from counting fingers to hand motion (HM). Patient follow-up ranged from 3 months to 24 months (mean, 11 months). Final visual acuity ranged from 20/30 to HM. Four of the five eyes (80%) showed improved visual acuity after surgery and 3/5 (60%) attained visual acuity of 20/200 or better.

* CONCLUSION: Preoperative use of TPA for drainage of large submacular hemorrhage appears to be safe and may result in efficient clot removal. The true efficacy of TPA in the treatment of submacular hemorrhage can only be proven by a prospective randomized trial.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1999;30:176-180.]
The Relationship Between Capsulorhexis Size and Anterior Chamber Depth Relation
Authors: Çekiç Osman , Batman Cosar
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To der ermine whether the diameter of the capsulorhexis has an effect on anterior chamber depth (ACD) following phacoemulsification surgery.

* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-one consecutive patients were selected for cataract extraction by phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Twenty-two of 5 1 patients underwent 4 mm capsulorhexis, while the rest underwent 6 mm. All were implanted with a multi-piece polymethyl methacrylate posterior chamber IOL with 5.0 mm diameter biconvex optic and flexible haptic. They were followed 3 months postoperatively. The width of the capsulorhexis was assured according to the IOL optic implanted intraoperatively, and by the help of slitlamp measurement after dilatation of the pupil on the first postoperative day. ACD and axial length (AL) of patients was obtained by ultrasonography on both the days before surgery, and the first and seventh postoperative days, and after 30, 60 and 90 days.

* RESULTS: Early significant increase of ACD and ACD/AL ratios were observed in only the 6 mm capsulorhexis group on the first day postoperatively (P = .012, and P= .018). On the 90th postoperative day, ACD increased significantly both in the 4 mm (P = .002) and the 6 mm capsulorhexis groups (P = .049) when compared to preoperative values. For the same period, meaningful increase in ACD/AL ratio in the eyes with both 4 mm and 6 mm capsulorhexis groups was also noted compared with preoperatively (P= .002 and P = .019). There was a statistical difference between the 90th day ACD values of 4 mm (3.73 ± 0.32 mm, mean ± standard deviation) and 6 mm capsulorhexis groups (3.50 ±0.33 mm) (P= .028). For the same period, ACD/AL ratio was also significantly different for both groups (0.152 ±0.01, and 0.142 ±0.01 respectively) (P = .004). The refractive error changes followed the ACD changes and showed meaningful differences between 1st and 90th days postoperative values of each group (P= .029» and P= . 014, respectively).

* CONCLUSION: A 4 mm capsulorhexis results in a longer postoperative ACD than does a 6 mm capsulorhexis for the IOL type used in this study.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1999;30:185-190.]
A Tarsal Strip-Periosteal Flap Technique for Lateral Canthal Fixation
Authors: Lemke Bradley N , Sires Bryan S , Dortzbach Richard K
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Lateral candial fixation is widely used. This article sought to determine if a periosteal flap used routinely in conjunction with a tarsaJ strip provides lasting lateral canthal fixation. This consecutive clinical series from two ambulatory surgery centers followed 79 patients who underwent 141 lateral canthal fixation procedures. Outcome was measured by the position of the lateral canthus. Correct positioning of the lateral canthus was achieved in 78 of 79 patients representing 139 of 141 procedures (98%). The failed case was a patient with floppy eyelid syndrome in whom the sutures tore through the tarsal strips. The tarsal strip-periosteal flap technique is a successful, technically direct method of lateral canthal fixation. It is promoted as an enhancement of the tarsal strip technique, and is especially helpful in patients with prominent eyes. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1999;30:232-236.]
Biconcave Contact Lenses: A Critical Analysis of Their Optical Properties
Authors: Rol Pascal , Fankhauser Franz , Niederer Peter
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this experiment was to compare biconcave contact lenses with other contact lenses already used for observation and irradiation of the retina and choroid.

* MATERIALS AND METHODS: The optical performance of different biconcave lenses is described in terms of magnification, resolution, and field of view. The optical properties of the eye were taken into account using the Gullstrand's model of the human eye.

* RESULTS: The performance of biconcave contact lenses represents a compromise between that of Goldmann's and wide angle indirect contact lenses. An upright image, with good peripheral image quality and an intermediate field of view is characteristic of such design. In addition, laser irradiation with large spot sizes is less hazardous when using such negative contact lenses compared to positive lenses of the same absolute refractive power.

* CONCLUSIONS: Biconcave contact lenses qualify as a complement to planoconcave lenses for chorioretinal observation and irradiation tasks. For the same magnification factor, the field of view is smaller than that obtained with indirect contact lenses but the image degradation in the periphery of the retina is reduced.

[Ophthalmic Surg and Lasers 1999;30:299-304.]
LASIK for the Correction of Residual Refractive Errors From Previous Surgical Procedures
Authors: Güell Joseph Ll , Gris Oscar , de Muller Ana , Corcostegui Borja
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) efficacy in correcting residual refractive errors after corneal or intraocular surgery (penetrating keratoplasty, radial keratotomy, photorefractive keratectomy, phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, penetrating ocular trauma and phakic IOL implantation).

* MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed LASIK in 87 eyes of 62 patients previously operated by means of other surgical techniques to completely correct the residual refractive error. We report the mean refractive error (in terms of spherical equivalent refraction), uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and spectacle corrected visual acuity (SCVA) before and after the surgical procedure. We also analyze safety and stability, in these results with a minimum of 12 months follow-up.

* RESULTS: Mean preoperative spherical equivalent was -5.25 ± 2.1 diopters (D). Postoperatively, mean spherical equivalent was -0.70 ± 0.65 D. 76% of eyes were between piano and -1.00 D and 99% were between piano and -2.25 D. At 12 months follow-up the change in the refractive result was equal or less than 0.5 D in 94% of eyes. Preoperatively SCVA was 1.0 or better in 24.13% of cases, and 0.5 or better in 89.65%. Postoperative SCVA was 1.0 or better in 26.43% and 0.5 or better in 95%. Preoperative UCVA was 0.1 in 2 eyes, 0.05 in 4 eyes and count fingers in the rest of the cases. Postoperative UCVA was 1.0 or better in 1.1% and 0.5 or better in 70.1%. We had an extremely low complication rate in this particular group of patients.

* CONCLUSIONS: LASIK can be successfully used to correct residual refractive errors after other surgical procedures.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1999;30:341-349.]
Reproducibility of Corneal Flap Thickness in LASIK
Authors: Jacobs Brian J , Deutsch Thomas A , Rubenstein Jonathan B
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND: The purpose of the microkeratome in laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) is to create a corneal flap of desired thickness, thus exposing the stroma. The accuracy and repeatability of intended flap thickness with the current microkeratome system has not been documented. The purpose of this study was to determine the precision and consistency of creating a corneal flap thickness of 160µm with the Moria LSK-One microkeratome (distributed by Microtech, Inc., Doylestown, PA).

* PATIENTS AND METHODS: The records of 93 eyes from 67 patients who underwent LASIK were reviewed. The central corneal thickness was measured at baseline. The microkeratome using a "130" footplate was used to create an intended flap 160pm thick, and the corneal thickness was then remeasured.

* RESULTS: The mean flap thickness for both eyes combined was 1 59pm (S.D. = 28). There was no significant correlation between pre-flap corneal thickness or average K and the corneal flap thickness.

* CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence that the Moria LSK-One microkeratome creates reproducible LASIK flaps consistently near the intended 160µm corneal flap thickness. This knowledge enables the surgeon to make a corneal flap with great confidence in the thickness of the excision. In addition, this study provides a clinical, in vivo model for testing corneal flap thickness.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1999;30:350-353.]
Use of a Macular Buckle in the Treatment of Exudative Age-related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Peyman Gholam A , Conway Mandi D , Recasens Marta A , Peralta Enrique , Kertes Peter J , Greve Mark D J , El-Dessouky El-Said
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a macular buckle for exudative choroídal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration (ARMD).

* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-two eyes with choroidal neovascular membranes (CNVM) secondary to ARMD underwent surgical placement of a macular buckle. A Gore-Tex strip (2.0-2.5 mm wide) was button-holed through a 5 mm diameter silicone sponge (9 mm long) and placed behind the macula underneath the CNVM by the same surgeon (Dr Peyman) in all cases. Follow-up ranged from 7-76 months (mean, 20.9 months).

* RESULTS: Of 12 eyes with classic subfoveal CNVM: 4 (33%) gained 2 or more lines of Snellen visual acuity; 3 (25%) gained 1 line, remained the same, or lost 1 line; and 5 (42%) lost 2 or more lines range + 6 to - 6 lines). Of 22 eyes with ill-defined subfoveal CNVM: 12 (54%) gained 1 line, remained the same, or lost 1 line; and 10 (46%) lost 2 or more lines (range + 1 to - 8 lines). Eight eyes with illdefined juxtafoveal CNVM had the following visual acuity outcomes: 5 eyes (62%) maintained the same level of Snellen visual acuity (gained 1 , O, or lost 1 line); and 3 (38%) got worse (lost 2 or more lines of Snellen visual acuity, range + 1 to - 6 lines). Ten eyes (24%) bled subretinally during the follow-up period (average 11.5 months, range 14 days to 27 months), all outside the area of indentation of the macular buckle.

* CONCLUSIONS: The macular buckle treatment for exudative subretinal choroidal neovascular membranes in ARMD stabilized visual decline and displaced significant subfoveal hemorrhage.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1999;30:619-630.]
An In Vivo Model of Femtosecond Laser Intrastromal Refractive Surgery
Authors: Sletten Karin R , Yen Kimberly G , Sayegh Samir , Loesel Frieder , Eckhoff Christine , Horvath Christopher , Meunier Mali , Juhasz Tibor , Kurtz Ron M
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To develop an animal model for evaluation of femtosecond laser intrastromal refractive surgery.

* METHODS: Intrastromal photodisruption was performed in New Zealand Albino rabbits using a femtosecond laser system. This surgical pattern consisted of a 100 µm-tick pyramid of laser pulses starting 180 µm below the corneal surface. Animals underwent serial slit lamp examinations and corneal thickness measurements at 1,3,7,14, and 28 days, then monthly up to 1 year.

* RESULTS: Approximately 70 µm of central corneal thinning were seen at 1 week, remaining stable up to 7 months.

* CONCLUSIONS: Intrastromal photodisruption with femtosecond lasers produced consistent changes in corneal thickness without loss of corneal transparency. These changes were more stable than those produced with excimer laser procedures in a similar animal model.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1999;30:742-749.]
Fluorescence Properties of a Hydrophilic Sensitizer in Pigmented Rats, Rabbits, and Monkeys
Authors: Moshfeghi Darius , Peyman Gholam A , Kazi Abdul Ahad , Unal Melih , Khoobehi Bahram , Yoneya Shin , Mori Keisuke
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate fluorescence properties of mono-L-aspartyl chlorin e6 (NPe6; Merja Seika Kaisha, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) photodynamic therapy, which allows real-time simultaneous imaging of choroidal and retinal vasculature during treatment without the addition of another dye.

* MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four pigmented rabbits, 4 pigmented rats, and 2 African green monkeys were administered intravenous injections of the NPe6 dye. The animals were immediately placed in front of the scanning laser ophthalmoscope and the fundus was viewed with the helium-neon laser. The resulting fluorescence was viewed and recorded on super-VHS videotape.

* RESULTS: Fluorescence demonstrated clearly that NPe6 entered the retinal and choroidal circulation within seconds of intravenous injection. The concentration of NPe6 was diminished over a period of 1.5 hours in the monkey and 5 hours in the rat, as evidenced by considerable diminution of the intensity of fluorescence.

* CONCLUSION: NPe6 fluorescence allows evaluation of drug availability within the retinal and choroidal circulation and visualization of pathological lesions before commencement of photodynamic therapy.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1999;30:750-753.]
Real-World Treatment Patterns in a Population With Neovascular AMD Treated With Anti-VEGF Agents
Authors: Urbano Catherine A. , Maatouk Christopher , Greenlee Tyler , Chen Andrew , Conti Thais F. , Briskin Isaac , Singh Rishi P.
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

To characterize mean number of injections, injection type, and injection frequency during the first year of treatment; assess factors significantly related to injection interval; and identify predictive factors related to patient outcomes.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

A retrospective, noncomparative, nonrandomized cohort study of ocular treatment with intravitreal injections of bevacizumab, ranibizumab, and aflibercept in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Data from January 1, 2012, through March 31, 2018, were systematically extracted from the electronic medical record system at Cole Eye Institute. Eligible patients had three or more injections within the first 12 months of treatment and received no prior injections.

RESULTS:

Patients received an average 8.12 ± 2.45 injections, and 45% of patients received injections at an interval of 8 weeks or less (≤q8 weeks), 33% received injections at 8 to 12 weeks (q8-12 weeks), and 22% received injections at greater than 12 weeks (>q12 weeks). Age (
P
= .007) and initial central subfield thickness (CST) (
P
= .043) had statistically significant trend relationships (
P
= .007) with injection interval, whereas younger patients and patients with higher CST measurements tended to have shorter injection intervals. Injection interval was a significant predictor of visual acuity (VA) and CST. Patients receiving injections at q8-12 weeks were more likely to have better VA outcomes than patients with injection intervals at ≤q8 weeks (odds ratio [OR] = 1.66 [1.16, 2.37];
P
= .005). Patients receiving injections at >q12 weeks did not show a significant improvement in VA (
P
= .06) and were more likely to have worse CST outcomes than patients receiving injections at ≤q8 weeks (OR = 1.95 [1.17, 3.26];
P
= .011).

CONCLUSION:

A significant portion of patients receive injections at an interval longer than every 8 weeks. Age and baseline CST had a significant relationship with injection interval. Injection interval was a significant predictor of VA and CST at 1 year. Patients with an injection interval of >q12 weeks tended to have less VA improvement and CST reduction compared to the ≤q8 weeks and q8-12 weeks groups. These findings suggest an extended injection interval >q12 weeks may be at the expense of potential VA improvement.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2021;52:190–198.]
Internet Presence and Multilingual Dissemination in Corporate Websites
Authors: Rivera-Trigueros Irene , Olvera-Lobo María-Dolores
Published: April 2021

The development of Information and Communication Technologies has enabled companies to spread messages globally, allowing them to open new markets and reach international clients. In this sense, the multilingual dissemination of corporate information plays a key role, and, for this purpose, websites are great communication vehicles. The aim of this paper is to offer an overview of the internet presence of SMEs in Andalusia, along with their intention to reach international targets via the multilingual dissemination of corporate information, as well as determining the variables that influence these factors. To meet these objectives, a sample of 1425 SMEs has been analyzed. Results show that 52.3% of the companies evaluated had a website and only 10.3% of them offered their content translated to, at least, one language, and that variables such as company size, area of specialty and location may have an impact on these two aspects. The findings reveal that more research and policies are required to support SMEs in their digitalization and internationalization process.
Giant Communicating Hydrocele in a 36-Year-Old Nigerian Man
Authors: Egharevba P. A. , Cassell A. K. , Okunlola A. I. , Omisanjo O. A.
Published: April 2021

Hydrocele can be defined as an abnormal collection of fluid within the tunica vaginalis of the scrotum or along the spermatic cord. Giant hydroceles contain over 1 L of fluid and are rare. Communicating hydrocele, which occurs due to abnormal persistence of patency of the processus vaginalis (PV), is usually found in infants. This patency has been known to persist in some adults usually giving rise to an indirect inguinal hernia if symptomatic. Very rarely may also be a cause of hydrocele in adults. We managed a 36-year-old man who had a recurrent left scrotal swelling. High ligation of the left patent PV was done and 1.1 L of scrotal fluid collection drained. Giant hydrocele from communicating hydrocele is very rare. A communicating hydrocele should be considered as a differential diagnosis in an adult who develops a recurrence following open drainage of a hydrocele. Health education and improvements in standards of living will prevent communicating hydrocele from developing into giant hydrocele.
A Transfer Learning-based Approach to Predict the Shelf life of Fruit
Authors: Bhole Varsha , Kumar Arun
Published: April 2021

Shelf-life prediction for fruits based on the visual inspection and with RGB imaging through external features becomes more pervasive in agriculture and food business. In the proposed architecture, to enhance the accuracy with low computational costs we focus on two challenging tasks of shelf life (remaining useful life) prediction: 1) detecting the intrinsic features like internal defects, bruises, texture, and color of the fruits; and 2) classification of fruits according to their remaining useful life. To accomplish these tasks, we use the thermal imaging technique as a baseline which is used as non-destructive approach to find the intrinsic values of fruits in terms of temperature parameter. Further to improve the classification tasks, we combine it with a transfer learning approach to forecast the shelf life of fruits. For this study, we have chosen „Kesar? (Mangifera Indica Linn cv. Kesar) mangoes and for the purpose of classification, our designed dataset images are categorized into 19 classes viz. RUL-1 (Remaining Useful Life-1) to RUL-18 (Remaining Useful Life-18) and No-Life as after harvesting, the storage span of „Kesar? is near about 19 days. A comparative analysis using SqueezeNet, ShuffleNet, and MobileNetv2 (which are prominent CNN based lightweight models) has been performed in this study. The empirical results show a highest achievable accuracy of 98.15±0.44% with an almost a double speedup in training the entire process by using thermal images.
Global Production Networks and Audiovisual Industry
Authors: Tomova Bilyana
Published: April 2021

The aim of the article is to present the concept of global production networks (GPNs) through the prism of the audiovisual industry (focus - film industry). The theory of global production networks is relatively new and is associated mainly with classical industries such as automotive, textile industry and others. Its application to the field of cultural industries goes beyond the economic dimensions and emphasizes the cultural and socio-political aspects of global markets. Global production networks are the framework in which the main trends in the audiovisual industry over the last decade will be interpreted, as well as the main stages and market players in the film industry.
The Roles of Political Parties and Their Challenges in Political Transition: The Case of Ethiopia
Authors: Dr. Ayenew Birhanu Worku
Published: April 2021

The political parties of any country are expected to remain committed to the political and economic improvement of their country. As one of the main intermediaries between the state and citizens, one would therefore expect political parties to have a key role in achieving a democratic and peaceful transition. This article focuses on the contribution, actual or potential, of political parties to political transitions. The objective of this study is to examine the roles of political parties in ongoing reform efforts and the challenges they face in Ethiopia. The paper reports mainly on the findings of semi-structured interviews with local and national politicians carried out during 2020 as well as an analysis of political parties’ programs. This study indicates that political parties are the main agents of political representation, and play a crucial role in articulating and aggregating citizens’ demands in democracies. As such, this study argues that political parties have a major role to play in political transitions though, in Ethiopia, they have generally not lived up to expectations. The findings reveal that the very nature of transition and the prevailing character of political parties in Ethiopia have inhibited that role. The study concludes that the unpredictability of post-reform trends, a weak political culture, and inefficiency of political parties, which are in turn related to the nature of party systems, prompted political instability which in turn hampered the anticipated political transition in Ethiopia.
ÇOK ÖLÇÜTLÜ KARAR VERME YÖNTEMLERİ İLE İŞLEME MERKEZİ SEÇİMİ: İMALAT İŞLETMESİNDE UYGULAMA
Authors: YAZICI Emre , EREN Tamer , ALAKAŞ Hacı Mehmet
Published: April 2021

İşletmeler faaliyetlerini gerçekleştirmek için üretim sürecinde işgücü, makine ve taşıma sistemleri gibi kaynaklarını kullanmaktadırlar. Üretim sektörlerinde çeşitli makineler kullanılmaktadır. Talaşlı imalat sektöründe yer alan işletmeler için ise en önemli makine grubu işleme merkezleridir. İşleme merkezi seçim problemi imalat işletmeleri için büyük sermaye yatırımları gerektiren uzun dönemli ve stratejik bir karar problemi niteliğindedir. Bu çalışmada da bir imalat işletmesi için alınması planlanan işleme merkezi seçim problemi incelenmiştir. İşleme merkezi seçimini etkileyen kriterler literatür incelemesi ve alanında uzman kişiler ile görüşme neticesinde belirlenmiştir. Alternatifler ise uygulama yapılan imalat işletmesinin satın alma biriminden alanında uzman kişilerce tespit edilmiştir. Belirlenen alternatifler arasında puanlama yapılarak alternatif sayısı üçe indirilmiştir. Çalışmada 5 ana kriter ve 11 alt kriter belirlenmiştir. Kriter ağırlıklarının elde edilmesinde Analitik Ağ Süreci (AAS) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Alternatiflerin belirlenmesinde ise PROMETHEE ve VIKOR yöntemleri olmak üzere iki farklı yöntem kullanılmıştır.
IMPLEMENTASI KRIPTOGRAFI KEAMANAN DATA RESI PADA PT JNE PERBAUNGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE MERKLE HELLMAN
Authors: Pane Deski Helsa
Published: April 2021

Pada PT. JNE  data resi dapat diamankan karena  tidak hanya keamanan  data resi sehingga mengakibatkan costumer untuk mengecek data resi selalu terhambat. Pada pemasalahan tersebut di butuhkan ilmu kriptografi dalam mengamankan data resi metode Merkle Hellman.Untuk mempermudah dalam mengamankan data dapat menggunakan Kriptografi. Banyak metode yang dapat digunakan, salah satunya dengan menggunakan metode Merkle Hellman  dalam pengambilan keamanan yang tepat. Penerapan metode ini yang dimasukkan kedalam coding program dengan implementasi Kriptografi keamanan Data  pengujian sistem berdasarkan data yang telah diinputkan dapat membantu mengamankan data resi pada  PT. JNE Perbaungan.Kata Kunci— Pengamanan, Kriptografi, Merkle Hellman.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENENTUKAN PENERIMAAN BANTUAN DANA KOPERASI DESA MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA ID3
Authors: Tajrin Tajrin
Published: April 2021

Koperasi  merupakan  salah satu  kegiatan  organisasi  ekonomi  yang  bekerja  dalam bidang gerakan potensi sumber daya yang memiliki tujuan untuk mensejahterakan anggotanya. Agar  suatu  koperasi  bisa  berjalan  lancar, koperasi harus  bisa  bekerja  secara  efisien  dan  mengikuti adanya prinsip dan kaidah ekonomi yang ada. Koperasi  berdasarkan  jenis  usahanya  dibagi  ke dalam empat jenis, yaitu koperasi simpan pinjam, koperasi serba  usaha,  koperasi  produksi  dan  koperasi  konsumen. Dalam hal ini ialah koperasi simpan pinjam, dalam penyaluran dana tersebut, calon koperasi penerima bantuan dana bergulir khususnya koperasi simpan pinjam yang ada dan mengajukan proposal  atau bantuan dana ke  Koperasi pada Desa berdasarkan algoritma ID3, dimana metode tersebut berguna untuk merengkingkan data pengajuan dana koperasi simpan pinjam, maka rengkin yang paling tinggi akan mendapatkan bantuan dana koperasi Kata Kunci— Koperasi, Simpan Pinjam, ID3
Análisis del tratamiento informativo de Brasil en la prensa marroquí [Analysis of Brazil’s news coverage in the Moroccan press]
Authors: Hiri Abdelhak
Published: April 2021

Los contenidos de este estudio describen y analizan los resultados de la totalidad de las unidades informativas publicadas sobre Brasil, en cuatro periódicos marroquíes: Le Matin, La Mañana del Sahara del Magreb, Al-Ittihad Al-Ichtiraki, L’Économiste, obtenidas a lo largo de los veinticinco años de análisis hemerográfico (1990-2015). Con ello se pretende comparar las características tanto cuantitativas como cualitativas de las informaciones elaboradas por cada periódico para descubrir las similitudes y las diferencias entre las imágenes publicadas entre los cuatro diarios escogidos en la muestra de análisis. De esta manera, este estudio incluye una síntesis periodística descriptivo- informativa sobre Brasil en la prensa escrita marroquí.
Aproximaciones a una Psicología Latinoamericana / Approaches to a Latin American Psychology
Authors: Morales Hugo Adrian
Published: April 2021

Este artículo sostiene que, la Psicología en general, como la mayoría de las Ciencias Sociales en América Latina, continúa legitimando una forma de conocimiento científico fragmentario, parcelario, a-histórico e individual. Poder analizar la relación entre Psicología, Ciencia Moderna y Colonialismo puede ser un punto de partida. La ciencia moderna occidental representa una mirada del mundo, que obedece a un modelo episté-mico desplegado por la Modernidad, y que no es otra cosa, que la reproducción de una hegemonía cultural, económica y política de occidente, en definitiva, una herencia colonial del capitalismo actual. La trascenden-cia epistémica para una psicología latinoamericana, no solamente implica una alternativa científica, también implica una alternativa histórica, política, ética y ontológica.
الرد على المخالف الأهمية والضوابط
Authors: Hassan Farhan Mohammed Ghaleb
Published: April 2021

The research study revolves around the issue of refuting the opposer. It includes the mention of the types of oppositions and the principles of refuting the opposer as people have fallen either into excessiveness or negligence regarding this issue, and so it was necessary that its importance be clarified and its matters regulated.The objectives of the research are evident in several matters, which include Striving to obey the divine command of Allah regarding unity, as well as for a person to know the reasons that lead to following falsehood, lest it be confused with truth, and enlightening the Muslims with knowing the importance of this chapter, which is a safety valve for the Ummah (Islamic nation) against the audacity of the deviants, the transgression of the astray, and the deviation of the invalidators.The researcher has used the qualitative approach towards the texts and the words of scholars on the issue and has followed the research with a conclusion in which he mentioned the most important results, of which the most important are: that disagreement is a kaouni (what Allah has decreed for a reason but not loved) matter in this nation, that disagreement is of two types: a valid disagreement and an invalid disagreement, as well as the clarification that each type of disagreement has its reasons and its manifestations, and that the refutation of the opposer has an utmost importance in the Sharia of Islam (Islamic legislation).
Implementasi Sistem Informasi Kesehatan Daerah Generik di Puskesmas Rawat Inap Langgam
Authors: Ruslihardy
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi sistim informasi kesehtan daerah pada bagian rawat jalan di BLUD Puskesmas rawat inap langgam. Metode penelitian menggunakan diskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dengan model interaktif dengan proses pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implemntasi kebijakan sistim informasi kesehatan daerah generik sudah berjalan dengan baik di BLUD puskesmas rawat inap langgam. Meski begitu masih terdapat kekurangan dalam implemntasinya seperti sarana prasarana pendukung seperti jaringan dan operator yang menjalankan masih perlu dilakukan peningkatan dan pelatihan
Implementasi Kebijakan Penerimaan Peserta Didik Baru (PPDB) Melalui Sistem Zonasi Untuk Pemerataan Kualitas Pendidikan
Authors: Indri Novrijayanti  , Yulia Wiji Astika
Published: April 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi kebijakan Penerimaan Peserta Didik Baru (PPDB) melalui sistem zonasi untuk pemerataan kualitas pendidikan di SMP Negeri 9 Muara Bungo, untuk mengetahui hambatan dan upaya yang dilakukan dalam implementasi kebijakan Penerimaan Peserta Didik Baru (PPDB) melalui sistem zonasi untuk pemerataan kualitas pendidikan di SMP Negeri 9 Muara Bungo. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan populasi yaitu kepala dan wakil kepala sekolah, guru dan staff SMP Negeri 9 Muara Bungo, ketua komite beserta anggota wali murid, dan peserta didik SMP Negeri 9 Muara Bungo. Sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 13 (tiga belas) orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling menentukan subjek/objek sesuai tujuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan Penerimaan Peserta Didik Baru (PPDB) melalui sistem zonasi untuk pemerataan kualitas pendidikan di SMP Negeri 9 Muara Bungo sudah diterapkan sesuai dengan PERMENDIKBUD Nomor 14 Tahun 2018 dan PERBUP Bungo Nomor 35 Tahun 2018, dalam hambatan yang dilihat dari 4 variabel menurut Smith terdapat 3 variabel yang masih mengalami hambatan yaitu pada kelompok sasaran, badan pelaksana, dan faktor lingkungan. Upaya yang dilakukan yaitu menyampaikan laporan ke Dinas Pendidikan Bungo, meningkatkan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) dan sarana komputer, serta meningkatkan prestasi sekolah.

 

Kata Kunci: implementasi; kebijakan sistem zonasi; PPDB
Modal Sosial dalam PKL pada Event Toboali City On Fire di Kepulauan Bangka Belitung
Authors: Syarifah risma permatasari  , Michael Jeffri Sinabutar
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 25 juli-28 juli 2019. Lokasi penelitian berada di Toboali, Bangka Selatan, Kepulauan Bangka Belitung pada acara yang diselenggarakan yaitu Toboali City On Fire . Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : 1). Norma sebagai modal sosial sebagai pengembangan usaha di kalangan pedagang kaki lima, 2).  Bentuk Trust (Kepercayaan) di kalangan Pedagang kaki lima, 3). Manfaat modal sosial di kalangan pedagang kaki lima untuk meningkatkan perekonomian. Penelitian ini menggunakan Kualitatif  Deskriptif, maka dalam penelitian ini peneliti mengamati dan berinteraksi secara langsung dengan pedagang kaki lima serta dalam pengambilan datanya juga peneliti menggunakan jenis penelitian Acidental Sampling yaitu penentuan sampel berdasarkan kebetulan, yaitu siapa saja yang secara kebetulan bertemu dengan peneliti dapat digunakan sebagai sampel, bila dipandang orang yang kebetulan ditemui itu sesuai sebagai sumber data .Berdasarkan penelitian, peneli menggunakan teori Coleman, dalam konsep ini berusaha menjelaskan bahwa modal sosial adalah kemampuan masyarakat bekerjasama untuk mencapai tujuan bersama didalam berbagai kelompok dan organisasi. (Fukuyama, 1995). Dengan ini kita ketahui bahwa adanya modal sosial yang terjadi didalam ikatan pedagang kaki lima secara norma sosial dan kepercayaan, seperti mereka membuat aturan-aturan yang telah disepakati secara bersama agar usaha yang dilakukan berjalan dengan lancar.

Kata kunci : Event Toboali City On fire, Modal Sosial, Pedagang Kaki lima
Authenticity in Discursive Practices of the Online Market for Second-Hand Luxury Clothing
Authors: Zampier Ronan , Farias Rita de Cássia , Pinto Marcelo
Published: April 2021

Authenticity is a particularly sensitive and salient issue in the online market for second-hand luxury clothing, and it is still little explored in the field of consumption studies. In this study we sought to analyze how authenticity is represented in discursive practices of the Brazilian online market for second-hand luxury clothing. The corpus of the work consisted of data collected through interviews in five stores of the Brazilian online market of luxury second-hand clothing. The data were analyzed using the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), proposed by Fairclough (1992), articulated to the sociocultural perspective of consumption. From the discursive categories Subject, Interdiscursivity, Intertextuality, Transitivity System, and Appraisal System, we perceived that the process of legitimizing the stores and the representations of authenticity are overlapped and traversed significantly by historical, social, and cultural aspects. We conclude that insofar as it becomes difficult to ensure objective authenticity, an interpretative dimension emerges, elaborated from the influence of sociocultural factors that underlie the judgment on what is authentic luxury, which in the scenario investigated are indexes of expression of high luxury. In this case, the origins and trajectories that are recognized as references of elite distinction for Brazilian consumers are important elements for the interpretation of authenticity.
A Practical Application of Analytic Guiding Frame (AGF) and Overall Guiding Frame (OGF): An Illustration from Literacy Education
Authors: Chong Su Li
Published: April 2021

This paper illustrates how the Analytic Guiding Frame (AGF) and the Overall Guiding Frame (OGF) are applied when analytic shifts occur in qualitative data analysis. Analytic shifts mainly occur when a proposed analytical method is found to be not fully amenable for analysis because of the contextually-bound nature of qualitative data. In this paper, the illustration located in the field of literacy education revolves around how a methodological and analytical problem was confronted during the fieldwork/analysis stage of research and how analytic negotiations were made with the help of the AGF/OGF framework. From here, it is proposed that much more consideration on matters of epistemology, methodology, research objective and research questions in qualitative research must be made when the iterative process of qualitative data analysis takes place.
I Don’t Know how to Talk about These Wor(l)ds, but I Do Walk, I Shoot, and I Write: Autoethnographic Written and Visual Cures for a Fragmented Identity
Authors: Kassaveti Ursula-Helen
Published: April 2021

In this article, I examine how my unprogrammatized and spontaneous informal fieldwork in Athens, undertaken in a rather unconsciously autoethnographic vein, has helped me while on the process of investigating my personal identity. My temporary change of academic direction and my delving into the ocean of fieldwork have shaped and answered my endless quest for important answers about a researcher’s own self. Through the use of written text, photography and other visual indexes, “thin” and “thick” description, I argue that autoethnography as a method could be a healing process, providing therapy for a researcher’s “fragmented” heart and identity.
Teaching Qualitative Research Methods Online: A Scoping Review of the Literature
Authors: Snelson Chareen
Published: April 2021

Online education has become well established as an avenue for flexible access to educational opportunities. Those who teach qualitative research methods online may find it difficult to locate research or best practice literature to inform practice. A scoping review was conducted to identify and synthesize the literature about teaching qualitative research methods courses online. Eleven peer-reviewed journal articles were identified through a scoping review of the literature. The TPACK framework, which defines teacher knowledge in terms of technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge, was used as a conceptual framework. Results from this scoping review indicate that online qualitative research methods educators choose course goals, instructional modules, and topics in a manner consistent with instructional design approaches. Pedagogical approaches included orientation strategies, strategic use of instructional media, online discussions, applied research activities, and writing projects. Technology was used for course management, to develop content, for communication, and to enable online teaching strategies in an online environment. The literature informs teaching practice in qualitative research methods education, but more research is needed to develop knowledge in this under explored area.
A Book of Possibilities – Ethnographically Speaking: Autoethnography, Literature, and Aesthetics
Authors: Railsback Kelsey
Published: April 2021

I would say this book is successful in reference to the authors’ intention to showcase ethnographic projects that “blur the boundaries between social science and literature,” but I would also caution those researchers looking for a how-to book for their dissertation or other qualitative research project. This is a book of possibilities of what (auto)ethnographies can be—inspiring authors and fostering creativity, and I am sure a lot of readers will connect with it.
THE UNFORESEEN ADVANTAGES OF REMOTE ESL/EFL CLASSES
Authors: Shalevska Elena
Published: April 2021

Teaching ESL/EFL in a rather small, developing country has its challenges – most of the schools do not have proper IT equipment and the students are taught in the same way as students were over 20 years ago. With technology on the rise, the need for a technology-aided teaching process has become evident. Students expect certain technology-based activities during the teaching process. But, unfortunately, such activities cannot be implemented with the existing conditions. With the rise of the Covid-19, remote teaching became the sole teaching model in multiple countries, North Macedonia not being the exception. As teaching remotely slowly became the norm, students, some for the first time ever, took part in technology-aided activities and thoroughly enjoyed them. Although the pandemic has brought many disadvantages to education, one unforeseen advantage arose – students in North Macedonia engaged in online games and different activities that made ESL/EFL more interesting and exciting for them. This paper aimed to research students’ opinion on ESL/EFL classes during the pandemic. A questionnaire was administered to two classes of year 2 students from a local high school in Bitola, North Macedonia. The results showed that students find online classes interesting, due to the online activities that they find engaging and that they would appreciate more such activities during real-life teaching.

 Article visualizations:
Description of Visfatin Adipokine and its Roles on Inflammation and Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Al-Kraity Assist. Prof. Dr. Wijdan Rajh Hamza , Faisal Ali Hussein , Khaleel Ali Nabeel , Naeaam Mahmoud Tuama , Jabar Ali Sattar
Published: April 2021

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a generic designation for a group of related syndromes resulting from myocardial ischemia – an imbalance between cardiac blood supply (perfusion) and myocardial oxygen demand. Visfatin (VF)  is a recently discovered adipokine with different functions, Visfatin is mainly found in visceral adipose tissue and mimics insulin in lowering plasma glucose levels and, Visfatin emerges as a player in the development and progression of atherosclerotic lesions by directly promoting smooth muscle cell proliferation, Aberrant angiogenesis is now considered a feature of the atherogenic process in both coronary and carotid diseases. This adipokine was previously known as a pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor   (PBEF) or  Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAmPRTase or Nampt) an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NAMPT gene  and demonstrated to be an intracellular protein with a key enzyme role in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)
Effect of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Omega-3 on Some Biochemical Criteria in White New Zealand Rabbits Administrated with Cyclosporine Drug
Authors: Jawad Murtadha M.
Published: April 2021

The present study was aimed efficiency to evaluate the unsaturated fatty acid omega-3 in reducing the side effects that resulted from the administration of cyclosporine drug in white rabbits. (60) white males' rabbits were used in this study, divided into four groups contain (15) rabbits per group and its subdivision into three groups (5) rabbits per group. The first group is orally administered with normal saline, the second group was administered cyclosporine (25mg/kg) only. Third groups were administered cyclosporine on the first day and omega-3 (500mg/kg) on the second day, while Fourth groups were administered cyclosporine on the first day and omega-3 (1000mg/kg) on the second day for periods (21,30,60) days respectively. After ending study periods, the animals were sacrificed and the blood was collected and the results were shown the following:  Administration with cyclosporine (25mg/kg)only and for periods were led to a significant increase(P<0.05) in total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein(LDL) and a significant decrease(P<0.05) in high-density lipoprotein(HDL).whereas interaction with (500&1000mg/kg) of omega-3 and to all periods showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein(LDL) and significant decrease(p<0.05) in high-density lipoprotein(HDL), while the non-significant difference in high-density lipoprotein(HDL). This study concluded that omega-3 has an important role in reducing biochemistry side effects that result from the administration of cyclosporine drugs in white rabbits.