bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’apprentissage en ligne dans le contexte de la quatrième révolution industrielle : le cas d’un module connectiviste en contexte universitaire
Authors: Duplàa Emmanuel , Crettenand Pecorini Béatrice , Weber Jonathan , Blouin Mario
Published: July 2023

Cet article propose de faire le lien entre les différentes révolutions industrielles, les principales théories de l’apprentissage et la formation en ligne : à travers l’histoire, nous montrons comment l’éducation s’est toujours plus centrée sur l’apprenant, quand nos systèmes de production et d’éducation de masse ont dépossédé les consommateurs de la conception et de l’agencement des produits et les apprenants de leurs curriculums d’apprentissage. En introduisant une dimension connectiviste dans un cours à l’université, nous montrons ses effets sur les étudiants, sur leurs apprentissages et sur comment le connectivisme pourrait permettre de développer les compétences essentielles à la quatrième révolution industrielle.
Linear and nonlinear regression methods for isotherm and kinetic modelling of iron ions bioadsorption using Ocimum sanctum Linn. leaves from aqueous solution
Authors: Paranjape Praveda , Sadgir Parag
Published: July 2023

Iron concentration in drinking water higher than the recommended value imposes different health problems. There are advanced chemical-based iron extraction techniques, in spite of having certain limitations in developing countries. Due to this, iron removal by using locally available plants is a paramount sustainable option. Therefore, the current study was intended to explore the iron removal efficiency of the powder of Ocimum sanctum Linn. (OSL) leaves from water and investigate its capability by assessing various conditions of operation. The bioadsorption equilibrium isotherm and kinetics of iron extraction onto OSL leaf powder were studied and modelled. The experimental adsorption equilibrium observations served as the basis for a comparison of linear and nonlinear regression techniques for predicting the optimal isotherms and kinetics. The optimum conditions for the extraction of iron were observed to be pH of 5, biomass concentration of 0.2 g, contact time of 2 h, speed of agitation of 150 rpm at 25 °C temperature, while maximum bioadsorption capacity was 123.26 mg/g. The batch bioadsorption of iron obeys the Fritz–Schlunde isotherm and the pseudo-first-order-kinetic model. The isotherm and kinetics parameters obtained using the nonlinear regression method outperformed the linear approach. Moreover, the potential applicability of OSL leaves-based bioadsorbent could be further examined on a large-scale for industrial application.
Neural Network-Based Image Processing for Tomato Harvesting Robot
Authors: Oktarina Yurni , Sukwadi Ronald , Wahju Marsellinus Bachtiar
Published: July 2023

Agriculture is one of the areas that can benefit from robotics technology, as it faces issues such as a shortage of human labor and access to less arid terrain. Harvesting is an important step in agriculture since workers are required to work around the clock. The red ripe tomatoes should go to the nearest market, while the greenest should go to the farthest market. Harvesting robots can benefit from Neural Network-based image processing to ensure robust detection. The vision system should assist the mobility system in moving precisely and at the appropriate speed. The design and implementation of a harvesting robot are described in this study. The efficiency of the proposed strategy is tested by picking red-ripened tomatoes while leaving the yellowish ones out of the experimental test bed. The experiment results demonstrate that the effectiveness of the proposed method in harvesting the right tomatoes is 80%.
Designing a Smart Inverter for Compensating the Voltage Sag Caused by Motor Start-up
Authors: BudiHermawan Indra , Mochamad Ashari , CandraRiawan Dedet
Published: July 2023

Starting a large induction motor will always follow up with an inrush current as the nature of an induction motor. On a less stiff power system, that inrush current will be causing a Voltage Sag (VS). A big VS can lead to significant disruptions in power quality and reliability. To address this, a Smart Inverter with an Artificial Intelligence (AI) -driven controller installed in a Photovoltaic (PV) farm is proposed for voltage sag recovery. During normal conditions, the PV farm acts as a power source supporting the main grid, but when large induction motors are started, the smart inverter connected to the PV is responsible for power conversion to recover sags caused by the Induction motor inrush current. The controller inside the Inverter ensures optimal operation. The use of AI also compares the effectiveness of using the Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) with the Proportional Integral (PI) Controller to assess their performance in reducing current spikes. Based on simulations, the FLC outperformed PI Controller in mitigating the voltage sag and avoiding the Low Voltage Ride-Through (LVRT). Simulation results show that voltage sag can be recovered for up to 97% of the nominal voltage, a significant improvement over the 80% sag recovery without the smart Inverter. At a nominal grid voltage of 6,600 volts, the VS Magnitude was successfully increased from 5,210 volts to 6,368 volts and the VS Duration also decreased from 6.96 s to 4.97 s. The results achieved validate the effectiveness of the approach in improving the power quality.
Dikimle Yetiştirilmiş Kayın Meşçerelerinde, Aralamanın Mikrobiyal Biyokütle Karbon ve Toprak Solunumuna Etkileri
Authors: SEMERCİOĞLU Abdurrahman , YÜKSEK Filiz , KARA Ömer , AYGÜN Arzu , SAYLAM Arife , YILMAZ Selvinaz
Published: July 2023

Toprak solunumu atmosfere verilen karbondioksitin (CO2) önemli bir kaynağı olup küresel ısınma bakımından önemli bir ekosistem sürecidir. Yapılan ormancılık uygulamaları bu süreci önemli derecede etkileyebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada; Trabzon’da Doğu kayını (Fagus orientalis L.) ağaçlandırma alanında farklı aralama derecelerinin ve mevsimlerin, mikrobiyal biyokütle karbon, bazal solunum ve toprak solunumuna etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla iki farklı aralama şiddetinde (%25 ve %40) ve kontrolde, üç tekerrür ile toplam dokuz deneme alanı oluşturulmuştur. Ölçümlere bir yıl boyunca devam edilmiştir. Sonuçlar tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda ortalama toprak mikrobiyal biyokütle C içerikleri; %25 aralama yapılan parselde 469,57 𝜇g/g, kontrol parselinde 478,73 𝜇g/g ve %40 aralama yapılan parselde 541,06 𝜇g/g olarak bulunmuştur. ANOVA sonuçları %40 aralama parsellerindeki mikrobiyal biyokütle C içeriklerinin kontrol ve %25 aralama yapılan parsellerden anlamlı oranda yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir. Mikrobiyal biyokütle C içerikleri yaz mevsiminde diğer mevsimlerden anlamlı oranda yüksektir. Kontrol ile aralama yapılan topraklar arasında bazal solunum ve toprak solunumu değerleri bakımından anlamlı bir fark belirlenememiştir. Buna karşılık bazal solunum ve toprak solunumu mevsimlere göre anlamlı oranda değişim göstermiştir. Çalışma alanında su açığı olmadığı için değişimlerin nem yetersizliğinden çok, sıcaklık tarafından belirlendiği düşünülmektedir. Yapılan %25 aralama şiddeti karbon yönetimi açısından bakıldığında topraktaki karbon salımında anlamlı fark yaratacak düzeyde değildir. %40 oranında yapılan aralamada da CO2 salınımı yönünden yapılan müdahalenin mikrobiyal biyokütleyi olumlu yönde teşvik ettiği, topraktaki CO2 salımını ise anlamlı düzeyde değiştirmediği tespit edilmiştir. Dolayısıyla bu yörede kayın plantasyonlarında yapılan bu aralama çalışmalarının önemli ölçüde karbon salımına neden olmadığı, mikrobiyal biyoması teşvik ettiği için toprak sağlığı açısından yararlı olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment in Influencing Entrepreneurial Orientation, Compensation Structure, Organizational Culture on Employee Performance
Authors: Muhtar Miftahul Haq Ibnu , Wahyuni Salamah
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this paper is to explain the effect of organizational orientation, compensation structure and organizational culture on employee performance in driving job satisfaction and organizational commitment. A literature review was conducted to determine the variables that make up the conceptual model. The expected results are a positive correlation between compensation structure and organizational commitment and job satisfaction, as well as the mediating role of organizational commitment on organizational alignment and employee performance, the mediating role of organizational commitment on compensation structure and employee performance, job satisfaction on compensation structure and employee performance, the mediating role of job satisfaction on organizational culture and employee performance. This study explains whether compensation structure, organizational commitment, organizational culture, and job satisfaction can change the way employees work better in an organization. The researcher hopes that this study can understand the importance of compensation structure on employee performance for the company. This paper is also expected to provide theoretical and practical input and potentially be used in future research.
Video capsule enteroscopy in the diagnosis of GIST of the ileum
Authors: Kortieva A. T. , Krushelnitskiy V. S. , Gabriel A. S. , Dynko V. Yu. , Guchetl A. Ya. , Tlekhurai R. M.
Published: July 2023

The OBJECTIVE was to show the effectiveness of video capsule and balloon-assisted enteroscopy in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the ileum.

METHODS AND MATERIALS. A clinical observation of a patient with a suspected tumor of the small intestine is presented. During the examination, video capsule endoscopy of the small intestine was performed using the Given Imaging capsule. In the ileum, mucosal infiltration and fresh blood were found. Conclusion: tumor of the small intestine. The patient underwent resection of the ileum with a tumor. Histological conclusion: malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor with moderate mitotic activity and single metastasis to the mesenteric lymph node.

CONCLUSION. The difficulty in diagnosing tumors of the small intestine is due to the lack of specific clinical symptoms and the complexity of visualizing the neoplasm. In such cases, it is advisable to include video capsule enteroscopy in the diagnostic algorithm, which according to indications can be supplemented with balloon-assisted enteroscopy by oral or transanal access.
Primary esophageal melanoma: features of diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Sigua B. V. , Rakita S. Yu. , Kachiuri A. S. , Gurzhy D. V. , Belyaeva A. V. , Zemlyanoy V. P.
Published: July 2023

Primary esophageal melanoma is a rare and extremely aggressive malignant neoplasm originating from mucosal melanocytes. The complex histological structure of the tumor, which in 10–25 % of cases may not contain melanin characteristic of these formations, leads to a high frequency of diagnostic errors, reaching 50 %. Immunohistochemical examination is the standard for diagnosing the disease. Primary esophageal melanoma is a tumor with a high potential for hematogenous and lymphogenous metastasis. So, when the tumor spreads to the submucosa, the frequency of locoregional metastasis reaches 54 %. Radical surgery in combination with adjuvant methods of treatment improves the results of treatment in this category of patients. Immunotherapy is a promising method of complex treatment, but requires further study.
PLANNING OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT THICKNESS FOR NEW RUNWAY IN SUPADIO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT WITH FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION METHOD
Authors: Dian Ansela Brigita , Akhmadali Akhmadali , Kadarini S. Nurlaily , Widodo Slamet , Mukti Elsa Tri
Published: July 2023

The runway is one component in the airport system, its performance greatly affectsall airport operational activities. Anticipating the increase in services from thecapacity of the number of passengers, it is necessary to build a new runway. In thisstudy, analyze the forecast of the number of movements with the trend analysismethod and the percent forecast method from PT. Angkasa Pura II, field subgradeCBR, new runway capacity and planning year, and new runway pavement using theFederal Aviation Administration (FAA) method and FAARFIELD 1.42 software.Based on the analysis results, the field subgrade CBR was 0.38% < 3%, then it wasstabilized using selected soil (CBR 20.523%) with a thickness of 60 cm. The forecastresults with both methods show that the trend analysis method is used because thetime is earlier than other methods, namely in 2027 with the existing runway capacityat Supadio International Airport of 54 operations/hour with a maximum capacity of51 operations/hour. The results of the runway flexible pavement thickness using theFAA method manually obtained a total pavement thickness of 42” (107 cm), whichconsists of 4”(10 cm) Surface Course, 12”(31 cm) Base Course, and 26”(66 cm)Subbase Course, while the FAARFIELD 1.42 software has a total pavementthickness of 30.43”(77 cm), which consists of 4”(10 cm) Surface Course, 5” (13 cm)Base Course, and 21.43”(54 cm) Subbase Courses.
La incorporación del trabajo virtual durante el aislamiento social preventivo obligatorio en carreras de una Facultad de Ingeniería
Authors: Fuhr Stoessel Ana Beatriz , Rocha Adriana Leticia
Published: July 2023

Se presenta el análisis de datos de una encuesta a docentes de una Facultad de Ingeniería. El objetivo de la encuesta es conocer las decisiones que tomaron en pos de asegurar la continuidad de los procesos de enseñar y de aprender en la situación de aislamiento preventivo obligatorio vivida. El estudio apunta a describir las decisiones que la/os docentes dicen haber tomado en relación con: el contenido objeto de enseñanza y el desarrollo de las clases. Se aprecia que la/os docentes valoran, entre otros aspectos, la importancia de potenciar las interacciones comunicacionales con los estudiantes y de concretar el seguimiento de los aprendizajes.
Relación entre la desigualdad salarial y producción científica: estudio de caso de 14 universidades públicas autónomas mexicanas
Authors: Del-Callejo-Canal Diana Donají , Canal-Martínez Margarita Edith , Saucedo-Acosta Edgar Juan , Guerra-Osorno Irma del Carmen , De-Jesús-Bello Mayra Gladis
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: estimar la relación entre la desigualdad salarial (DS) y la producción científica (PC) de profesores en 14 universidades públicas autónomas de México para 2018. Metodología: se calcularon medidas de desigualdad, se utilizó un análisis de correlación Spearman, con la estimación de la potencia y programación lineal de envolvimiento de datos (DEA). Resultados: se muestra una dispersión importante en los sueldos de los profesores universitarios, la cual se correlaciona inversamente con la producción científica y con la eficiencia técnica universitaria. Limitaciones: falta de disponibilidad de los datos, por lo que sólo se utilizó un año para estimar la relación entre DS y PC y se consideraron 14 universidades. Originalidad: se presenta por primera vez en México, con datos cuantitativos, la relación entre la desigualdad salarial y la producción científica al interior de las universidades analizadas. Conclusiones: la desigualdad salarial se correlaciona negativa y significativamente con la producción de artículos científicos en las universidades estudiadas.
Abstract
Aim: To estimate the relationship of wage inequality (SD) in the scientific production (PC) of teachers in 14 autonomous public universities in Mexico for 2018. Methodology: Measures of inequality were calculated; a Spearman correlation analysis, potential analysis and the use of data envelopment analysis (DEA). Results: A significant dispersion is shown in the wage of university’s teachers, which inversely correlate with scientific production and university technical efficiency. Limitations: Lack of data availability, so only one year was produced to estimate the relationship between SD and PC and 14 universities were considered. Originality: Quantitative data on the effects of wage inequality on scientific production within the analyzed universities is presented for the first time in Mexico. Conclusions: Wage inequality has a negative and significant effect on the production of scientific articles in the universities studied.
A DIVISÃO DE PODERES EM MONTESQUIEU E O DIREITO CONSTITUCIONAL BRASILEIRO: UMA ANÁLISE TEÓRICA
Authors: MOREIRA João Antonio Rodriguês dos Santos , Vasconcelos Renata Aguiar de , BRITO Raphael Fernandes
Published: July 2023

A presente pesquisa busca desenvolver um estudo sobre a divisão de poderes descrita na norma constitucional brasileira, sob a perspectiva teórica de Montesquieu. Objetiva-se através deste artigo, analisar, ainda que de forma sucinta, os conceitos que envolvem os poderes estatais ao longo da história. Embora haja muitos trabalhos que se propõe a pesquisar a divisão de poderes no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, o estudo aqui almejado propõe uma análise mais sintética, se
limitando a pesquisa bibliográfica dos conceitos relacionados a tripartição de poderes, e da sua relação com a ideia de divisão de poderes presente na norma constitucional brasileira, valendo-se para tanto, do uso de método dedutivo e comparativo.

Palavras-chave: Divisão de poderes. Monstesquieu. Norma constitucional brasileira.
A VISÃO E CONCLUSÕES DE PAULO FREIRE SOBRE AS CONCEPÇÕES TEÓRICAS DA APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: OLIVEIRA Jocirley de , OLIVEIRA Thatiany Milhomem Timóteo de
Published: July 2023

Paulo Freire, um dos mais importantes educadores brasileiros, tinha uma visão crítica e transformadora sobre a educação e a aprendizagem. Para ele, a educação não deveria ser apenas um processo de transmissão de conhecimentos, mas sim um ato político, que promove a emancipação e a libertação das pessoas. Em suas obras, Freire discute diversas teorias da aprendizagem, como o behaviorismo, o cognitivismo e o construtivismo, e critica a ideia de que a aprendizagem seja um processo neutro e objetivo, que ocorre apenas na mente do indivíduo. Para ele, a aprendizagem é um processo social e cultural, que ocorre em interação com o mundo e com os outros indivíduos. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a visão e conclusões de Paulo Freire sobre as concepções teóricas da aprendizagem. Assim, Freire propõe uma abordagem pedagógica crítica e dialógica, que valorize a experiência e a participação dos alunos na construção do conhecimento. Essa abordagem é baseada na ideia de que a aprendizagem é um processo ativo, em que os alunos devem ser sujeitos de sua própria educação, e não apenas objetos passivos do ensino. As concepções e teorias da aprendizagem propostas por Paulo Freire têm sido amplamente estudadas e aplicadas em diversos contextos educacionais, como a educação popular, a educação de jovens e adultos, a educação infantil e a formação de professores. A pesquisa foi de cunho bibliográfico e a abordagem qualitativa. Os resultados da pesquisa nos levam a compreensão de que suas ideias têm inspirado educadores e pesquisadores em todo o mundo a repensar a educação e a buscar uma prática pedagógica mais crítica e transformadora.

Palavras-chave: Paulo Freie. Concepções. Teoria. Aprendizagem.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO USO DO CIMENTO DE IONÔMERO DE VIDRO NA TERAPÊUTICA RESTAURADORA ATRAUMÁTICA (ART): REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: GOMES Lethicia Martins , SANTOS Filipe de Sousa Carvalho
Published: July 2023

Introdução: O tratamento restaurador atraumático é uma técnica restauradora manual, minimamente invasiva que tem por objetivo tratar e controlar a doença cárie. Sendo muito empregado no atendimento de pacientes pediátricos, pacientes com necessidades especiais e em populações com difícil de acesso ao atendimento odontológico. Objetivo: esta revisão de literatura objetivou discutir a eficácia e funcionalidade do CIV em tratamento restaurador atraumático (ART). Métodos: A presente revisão de literatura utilizou como suporte livros e artigos científicos que abordem assuntos que envolva o objetivo aqui pretendido, bem como as abordagens clinicas que fazem uso do CIV como terapêutica restauradora. Conclusões: Ficou comprovado que o ionômero de vidro é o mais aconselhado para técnica de ART.

Palavras-chave: Restauração. Ionômero de Vidro. Tratamento.
O CÓDIGO DE DEFESA DO CONSUMIOR E OS MÉTODOS DE SOLUÇÃO DE CONFLITOS
Authors: MOTA Murillo Rodrigues , SANTOS Ítalo Danyel Amorim Gonçalves dos
Published: July 2023

O trabalho tem como premissa realizar uma análise dos meios alternativos de resolução de conflitos nas relações consumeristas por meio da atuação dos órgãos de proteção e defesa do consumidor, com ênfase na prestação de serviços do PROCON, órgão estadual que atua no âmbito administrativo, também explicar a diferença existente entre a vulnerabilidade e a hipossuficiência do consumidor em relação ao fornecedor. Ressaltando assim, a necessidade de buscar uma intervenção de terceiro com o intuito de sanar o problema apresentado. Buscou-se ainda, ressaltar os métodos alternativos de composição de conflitos, a conciliação, a mediação e a arbitragem e quais as distinções entre estes, passando pela breve apresentação do contexto histórico e dos motivos pelos quais surgiram no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro e as suas ramificações atuais, tecendo questões sobre sua aplicação ao Direito do Consumidor e como ocorreu a evolução deste em prol do Código de Defesa do Consumidor. Evidenciou também, os benefícios de defesa ao consumidor gerados em favor da sociedade e do indivíduo que pleiteia por uma composição extrajudicial com a aplicação do CDC, quando efetuados de forma adequada ao caso apresentado, auxiliando o Poder Judiciário.

Palavras-chave: Direito do consumidor. Métodos alternativos de resolução de conflitos. Conciliação
O PROCESSO DE COMPRAS DE PRODUTOS NAS EMPRESAS HOSPITALARES DE ARAGUAÍNA TO
Authors: SILVA Cezimar Rodrigues Basto da , GRANETTO Sérgio Zeno
Published: July 2023

O processo de compras é considerado uma das fases mais importantes de toda a cadeia de suprimentos. Quanto às compras são efetivadas atendendo as quantidades exatas, os atributos certos e no prazo certo, é possível controlar e diminuir as compras emergenciais que são um dos pontos desfavoráveis de alto impacto nos resultados dos indicadores de performance do departamento, tendo em vista que os recursos pagos que eventualmente são maiores do que em compras planejadas. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo averiguar sobre o perfil e gerenciamento do setor de compras das empresas hospitalares da cidade de Araguaína-TO, para isso utilizaram-se recursos como pesquisas bibliográficas e um questionário que foi aplicado nas organizações hospitalares do município, A partir dos resultados obtidos pode-se então verificar o
perfil do setor de compras da cidade de acordo com o tamanho da empresa.

Palavras-chave: Compras. Cadeia de suprimentos. Departamento de compras.
CONHECIMENTO ETNOENTOMOLÓGICO DE INDÍGENAS PANKARARU: INTERAÇÕES AGRÍCOLAS PARA CONSERVAÇÃO DE POPULAÇÕES DE Trigona spinipes (FABR. 1973)
Authors: ARAÚJO Rita de Cássia Matos dos Santos , ANDRADE Wbaneide Martins de , Santos Carlos Alberto Batista , NOGUEIRA Eliane Maria de Souza
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: analisar a percepção dos indígenas agricultores da etnia Pankararu sobre o comportamento das abelhas arapuás em suas roças agroflorestais, bem como aportar fundamentos para seu manejo, conservação, valorização ecológica e econômica. Material e Métodos: A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em 14 aldeias da etnia indígena Pankararu, no Sertão de Pernambuco, entre os meses de dezembro de 2022 a fevereiro de 2023, sendo o levantamento de dados etnobiológicos realizados através de Entrevistas Semiestruturadas, Turnês Guiadas e Mapeamento Concensual Comutário, juntamente com os informantes, selecionados através da técnica Bola de Neve. Resultados e discussão: Foi registrado um total de 98 citações, na percepção dos Pankararu, para a ocorrência de nove espécies de Apidae e um Vespidae (marimbondo) classificados como “abeia”, sendo a arapuá caracterizada com percepções negativas 53 (55%) superiores às positivas 43 (45%), nesse aspecto os caracteres comportamentais mais significativos foram grudenta (17%), praga (18%) e a cor, pretinha (64%). Um total de 29 espécies botânicas foram citadas para nidificação e guildas alimentares das abelhas com destaque o caju (A. occidentale) 18 (53%) e o juá (Z. joazeiro) 13 (19%) citadas em comum a ambas as ações, sendo o uso do mel 34 (56%) um destaque na categoria medicinal. Conclusão: Nas aldeias os aspectos negativos associados a arapuá, especialmente a denominação “praga”, sobressaiu-se às suas qualidades, sendo o extermínio dos ninhos e a consequente destruição das abelhas, uma prática repassada nas gerações, impactando a conservação deste inseto na região.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Indígenas agricultores. Abelhas sem ferrão. Arapuá. Conservação. Caatinga.
Legal Reasoning: How Well-Known Marks are Positioned Through Legal Positivism
Authors: Achmad Achmad , Adlhiyati Zakki
Published: July 2023

Legal protection for well-known mark needs to be examined. Indonesia has tried to conform its legal system with international law, most notably the Paris Convention and the TRIPS Agreement. However, the court’s decision indicates that the well-known mark remains unfavourable. This paper aimed to analyse judges’ rationale when they rejected a lawsuit against a well-known trademark in Indonesia which was the trademark dispute of “Starbucks” and Pierre “Cardin”. This study was conducted using legal research methods and it examined legal materials from judges’ decisions and literature review. Therefore, knowing the judge’s rationale for dismissing the claim is essential. In the first case, the plaintiff’s documented evidence was insufficient to establish the respondent’s bad faith, but the judge’s justification for rejecting the lawsuit was insufficient either. Meanwhile, in the second case, the judge denied the claim based on ne bis in idem, which aims to reach legal certainty, so the judge can lean more toward positivism. The positivism requires clear rules so as not to cause multiple interpretations. However, trademark and geographical indication law does not give complete regulations on well-known marks. As a result, problems and conflicts frequently arise in practice when it comes to the protection of well-known marks.
QUESTIONING THE INFLUENCE OF RELIGIOSITY, SOCIAL CONCERN, AND COMMUNITY INCOME ON THE INTENTION OF PAYING ZAKAT AT BAZNAS
Authors: Prawiro Atmo , Aryani Fitri , Fata Ahmad Khoirul
Published: July 2023

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to prove whether there is an influence of religiosity, social care, and income on interest in tithing through BAZNAS and to prove the knowledge’s role of zakat as an intervening variable. This research was conducted on Bogor City residents who pay Zakat Maal and Zakat Fitrah at BAZNAS Bogor City. This research used a mixed method and used questionnaires and interviews as the data collection. By using SEM-PLS as data processing, the results showed that religiosity and income variables had no effect while social care and knowledge of zakat had an influence on interest in zakat through BAZNAS, and knowledge of zakat could mediate the effect of social concern and income but it could not mediate the effect of religiosity interest in zakat through BAZNAS. The quantitative data is supported by the results of interviews with two informants.

Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini guna membuktikan apakah terdapat pengaruh religiusitas, kepedulian sosial, dan pendapatan terhadap minat dalam berzakat melalui BAZNAS serta membuktikan peran pengetahuan zakat sebagai variabel intervening. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada masyarakat Bogor yang membayar Zakat Mal dan Fitrah di BAZNAS Kota Bogor. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran (mixed method) dengan penyebaran kuesioner dan wawancara sebagai alat pengumpulan data. Dengan menggunakan SEM-PLS sebagai olah data, hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa variabel religiuisitas, kepedulian sosial dan pendapatan tidak memiliki pengaruh sedangkan variabel pengetahuan zakat memiliki pengaruh terhadap minat berzakat melalui BAZNAS, serta pengetahuan zakat dapat memediasi pengaruh kepedulian sosial dan pendapatan namun tidak dapat memediasi pengaruh religiusitas terhadap minat zakat melalui BAZNAS.

Keywords: religiosity, social care, income, zakat knowledge, SEM-PLS.
Penerapan Hukum Newton dalam Menghitung Sudut Efektif pada Gerakan Bench Press
Authors: Safitri Niken Ari , Natalisanto Adrianus Inu , Munir Rahmawati
Published: July 2023

Bench press is a form of powerlifting exercise that aims to increase the strength and endurance of the muscles of the upper body, that is, the muscles of the chest, arms, and shoulders. The characteristic of the bench press exercise is to lift or push the weight using both hands in a supine position. The purpose of this research is to determine the effective angle required for lifting weights with the least amount of thrust (biomechanics aspects). The research steps were carried out in four stages, namely: first, designing biomechanics mathematical equations; second, experiments on people doing bench press movements; third, processing biomechanics data; and fourth, analysis and discussion of biomechanics data. According to the study's findings, an effective angle was obtained by analyzing the thrust to lift the barbell, that is, the angle flanked by the upper and lower arms, which is approximately 89°-114° for those who use the smallest thrusts on the grip: 0.4 m, 0.5 m, and 0.6 m. It can be concluded that the wider the distance between the grips, the greater the thrust required.
Dissociable habits of response preparation versus response initiation
Authors: Du Yue , Haith Adrian
Published: July 2023

Behaviors we repeat often tend to become habitual, after which they are difficult to prevent or modify. The process of habit formation in humans is commonly studied in the context of learning an arbitrary association between stimuli and responses. Assessing whether or not this association becomes habitual usually involves testing either whether participants can withhold certain responses, or whether participants can alter their responses to certain stimuli. However, studies using these two methods have yielded conflicting findings. We propose that this discrepancy arises because these approaches target distinct forms of habit associated with different components of action control: response initiation and response preparation, respectively. Through a series of experiments, along with computational models, we show that these two approaches indeed measure dissociable forms of habit. Our results illustrate that a given behavior can become habitual in multiple, qualitatively different ways, with important implications for how habits can best be promoted or eliminated.
Aluminum: Technology, Industry, and Applications
Authors: Sanders Robert E. , Marshall Graeme J.
Published: July 2023

Aluminum: Technology, Industry, and Applications provides an overview of the processes, practices, and trends associated with the use of aluminum as an engineering material. It includes chapters on mining and smelting, ingot and continuous casting, shape casting, hot and cold rolling, extrusion and drawing, forging, and secondary operations. It discusses the factors involved in the selection of product forms, alloy compositions, and temper designations with emphasis on manufacturability, component performance, sustainability, and cost. It describes the role of aluminum in aerospace, automotive, trucking, rail, marine, packaging, appliance, and building and infrastructure applications, noting major advancements as well as challenges. It also includes a chapter that traces the development of the aluminum industry from its beginnings to its current state from the perspective of the individuals and organizations who shaped it. The book is for anyone working in or serving the aluminum industry and those who have interest in its past, present, and future. For information on the print version, ISBN: 978-1-62708-425-3, follow this link.
Brain metastasis and intracranial leptomeningeal metastasis from malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: illustrative cases
Authors: Ohno Masasuke , Haimoto Shoichi , Tsukushi Satoshi , Hosoda Waki , Ohka Fumiharu , Saito Ryuta
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are rare soft-tissue tumors. Intracranial metastasis from MPNSTs is quite rare.

OBSERVATIONS

The authors report on a 73-year-old male whose MPNST metastasized to the brain and a 32-year-old male with leptomeningeal metastasis from MPNST and review 41 cases of MPNST that developed intracranial metastasis, as reported in the literature.

LESSONS

Brain metastasis and leptomeningeal metastasis of MPNSTs show different clinical courses and require pathology-specific treatment.
Three-dimensional fusion images from digital subtraction angiography for the treatment of direct carotid-cavernous fistulas: illustrative case
Authors: Maruyama Fumiaki , Ishibashi Toshihiro , Abe Yukiko , Murayama Yuichi
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

Direct carotid-cavernous fistulas (dCCFs) are often treated endovascularly. However, because the dCCF is usually a high-flow shunt, it is often difficult to obtain an accurate vascular structure using conventional digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Here, the authors report a case of successfully treated dCCF using three-dimensional (3D) fused DSA images.

OBSERVATIONS

The patient presented with tinnitus, followed by oculomotor palsy, prompting magnetic resonance imaging that indicated a dural arteriovenous fistula of the cavernous sinus. DSA was performed before treatment, and a diagnosis of dCCF due to a ruptured aneurysm was made. In this case, the 3D fused simulation images enabled the authors to obtain an accurate vascular structure, resulting in successful coil embolization.

LESSONS

Three-dimensional fusion images from DSA provide detailed anatomical information and are useful for treating high-flow dCCFs.
Severe hyperglycorrhachia and status epilepticus after endoscopic aqueductoplasty: illustrative case
Authors: Dharia Anand A. , Masri Ahmad , Rilinger Jay F. , Kaufman Christian B.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

While hypoglycorrhachia is observed and managed frequently, there are few reports in the literature of clinically significant hyperglycorrhachia after neurosurgery. Understanding the effects and management of severe hyperglycorrhachia is important to the neurosurgeon and neurocritical care teams who care for patients in these rare scenarios.

OBSERVATIONS

The authors present the case of a 3-month-old male with congenital hydrocephalus who faced profound hyperglycorrhachia and status epilepticus after an endoscopic aqueductoplasty using an irrigant composed of lactated Ringer’s solution with dextrose 5% in water. A multidisciplinary approach was developed to monitor and treat the patient’s seizures and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) osmolytes.

LESSONS

This case provides several learning opportunities for understanding CSF physiology, pathogenesis of common brain injuries related to osmotic shifts and inflammatory states, as well as clinical management of hyperglycorrhachia. It also reiterates the significance of meticulous intraoperative assessment to avoid preventable medical errors.
An Exotic Tree in a Foreign Country: A Cultural Biography of the Lodgepole Pine in Sweden
Authors: MÅRALD ERLAND , JÖNSSON JIMMY , KARDELL ÖRJAN , SJÖGREN JÖRGEN , TUNLID ANNA
Published: July 2023

The movement of plants, animals, and microorganisms by humans, consciously or unconsciously, has changed both ecosystems and societies throughout history. This article focuses on one such transformative species, lodgepole pine, and its relocation from northwestern America to northern Sweden in the mid-twentieth century. A cultural biography of the lodgepole pine’s existence in Sweden examines how this tree has been linked to different value regimes, which creates a historical pattern. Through so-called ‘thinning processes’, powerful actors, in both production forestry and the environmental movement, have tried to reduce the importance of the species to a limited meaning and context. At the same time, more arguments, knowledge and changed contexts have made the lodgepole pine a ‘thick thing’, with superimposed values and meanings. Although the tree has moved far geographically, from one continent to another, its importance has continued to be framed by interacting international, national and local perspectives. The lodgepole pine, however, is not just an inert thing that is determined by cultural discourses. It is a living tree, with its own ability to act and whose life in a foreign land has created a dynamic that crosses the border between nature and culture.
The use of tracheostoma humidification by people with total laryngectomy in England and Wales: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Dunton Jane , Patterson Joanne M , Baker Kate , Woodman Sarah H. , Glaister Carol , Rowe Elizabeth , Govender Roganie
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: People with total laryngectomy (PTL) are advised to use a tracheostoma cover to protect their altered airway and optimise pulmonary health. Despite evidence for efficacy, variable adherence rates are reported. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the use of tracheostoma humidification by PTL in England and Wales and explore influencing factors. METHODS: A national multi-centre audit of PTL was completed in response to the Covid-19 pandemic over a six-month period (March to September 2020). This paper reports secondary analysis of data collected on type of humidification used by PTL. Type of humidification was dichotomised as ‘HME’ (closed-system heat moisture exchanger) or ‘non-HME’ (alternative stoma cover or no stoma cover). Univariable analysis was performed to determine the association with several potential explanatory variables including gender, age, living circumstances, distance from treatment centre, communication method and time elapsed since laryngectomy. A backwards selection procedure was used to determine the final model for multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: Data were obtained from 1216 PTL from 26 centres; information on type of tracheostoma humidification used was available for 1097 PTL. Most PTL (69%) used an HME. Following multiple regression analysis, time elapsed since laryngectomy (p = <0.001), living circumstances (p = 0.002) and communication method (p = <0.001) were statistically significant factors in HME use. CONCLUSIONS: In England and Wales most PTL use a closed-system HME, though there is marked variability across centres. HME use is influenced by time elapsed since laryngectomy, living circumstances and communication method.
The impact of rehabilitation in bone loss management of patients with spinal cord injury: A systematic review
Authors: Lippi Lorenzo , Folli Arianna , Turco Alessio , Moalli Stefano , Curci Claudio , Ammendolia Antonio , de Sire Alessandro , Invernizzi Marco
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disabling condition characterized by multilevel skeletal muscle impairment and rapid cortical and trabecular bone loss. Rehabilitation is a cornerstone of the long-term management of patients with SCI; however, the optimal rehabilitation strategy for improving bone health has not been fully characterized. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the current evidence supporting different rehabilitation interventions improving bone health in patients with SCI. METHODS: On November 17th, 2022, five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and PEDro) were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing SCI patients undergoing rehabilitation interventions. The primary outcomes were bone macroscopical effects. Secondary outcomes were changes in bone metabolisms and functional outcomes. RESULTS: Out of 499 records, 11 RCTs met the eligibility criteria and were included. Electrical stimulation combined with physical exercise was assessed by 5 studies, standing intervention was assessed by 3 studies, vibration was assessed by 1 study, ultrasound therapy was assessed by 1 study, and electroacupuncture combined with a pulsed magnetic field was assessed by 1 study. The rehabilitation intervention was administered combined with pharmacological treatment (3 studies) or alone (8 studies). Positive effects in terms of BMD were reported by 3 studies. The quality assessment revealed some concerns in 9 out of 11 studies, in accordance with the Cochrane Risk of Bias assessment – version 2. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that multicomponent interventions including rehabilitation might be considered a suitable option to improve bone health management in SCI patients. Further studies are mandatory to characterize the optimal combination of non-pharmacological interventions reducing bone loss and improving the risk of fractures in patients with SCI.
Effect of IL-6 and CRP titer with antibody level on severity of COVID-19 infection
Authors: Hachim Sadeq K. , Ali Aesha Saber , Arif Khalid B.
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVE: SARS Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is combined with a high death rate and morbidity in different regions across the world. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine secreted in response to tissue injury, primarily produced by macrophages. C-reactive protein (CRP) is considered a part of innate immunity and is elevated in response to infection and cancer. METHODS: This study includes one hundred patients infected with the viral pathogen known as SARS-CoV-2 and fifty healthy individuals attending Al-Salam Hospital in Baghdad. Approximately 5 ml of samples were collected from each virus-infected patient and healthy control, then separated by centrifuge and stored in a refrigerator until testing. The study timeline was from October 1st, 2020, to January 15th, 2021. The SARS-CoV-2 (IgM, IgG) antibody was measured using the immunofluorescent technique with the Afias instrument. The IL-6 was measured using the ELISA technique with a human Elisa reader. The CRP titer was measured using the immunofluorescent technique with the Afias instrument. The level of SARS-CoV-2 (IgM, IgG) antibody was 0.01 ± 0.004, 0.02 ± 0.004, respectively, in healthy controls, while in COVID-19 patients, the level of SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibody was 2.45 ± 1.87, and the level of IgG antibody was 5.16 ± 2.63 in COVID-19 patients. The IL-6 level was 0.88 ± 0.28, 5.82 ± 3.28 in healthy controls and COVID-19 patients, respectively. The CRP titer in healthy controls was 1.25 ± 0.36, while in COVID-19 patients, it was 13.8 ± 4.85. The aim of the research is to focus on the association between IL-6 level and CRP titer, with a concentration on COVID-19 patients, and to determine if IL-6 possesses the potential to serve as a biomarker for prognosticating the extent of COVID-19 infection.
Improvement of small objects detection in thermal images
Authors: Chaverot Maxence , Carré Maxime , Jourlin Michel , Bensrhair Abdelaziz , Grisel Richard
Published: July 2023

Thermal images are widely used for various applications such as safety, surveillance, and Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). However, these images typically have low contrast, blurred aspect, and low resolution, making it difficult to detect distant and small-sized objects. To address these issues, this paper explores various preprocessing algorithms to improve the performance of already trained object detection networks. Specifically, mathematical morphology is used to favor the detection of small bright objects, while deblurring and super-resolution techniques are employed to enhance the image quality. The Logarithmic Image Processing (LIP) framework is chosen to perform mathematical morphology, as it is consistent with the Human Visual System. The efficacy of the proposed algorithms is evaluated on the FLIR dataset, with a sub-base focused on images containing distant objects. The mean Average-Precision (mAP) score is computed to objectively evaluate the results, showing a significant improvement in the detection of small objects in thermal images using CNNs such as YOLOv4 and EfficientDet.
Protective effect of intermittent hypobaric hypoxia against radiation-induced liver damage in Sprague-Dawley rats
Authors: Li Wenzhe , Xu Li , Wang Yajing , Li Wenjun , Maimaiti Meiligu , Kou Bin , Liu Chenchen , Zhang Meng , Xia Hongjuan , Yuan Fang
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Without timely and effective interventions or treatments, radiation-induced liver damage (RILD) can lead to serious consequences for the patients and their families. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effect of intermittent hypobaric hypoxia preconditioning (IHHP) in RILD. METHODS: Male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 8 groups including one control group, one only irradiation group and other experimental groups. Blood routine tests and liver function tests were all assessed with abdominal venous blood. Moreover, hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry assay were used to detect the histopathological changes and expressions of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) in radiated liver sections. RESULTS: Blood routing tests showed that RBC, WBC and Hb were all significantly increased while the differences of these results between different groups with same simulated altitude were approximate. However, liver function in the IHHP plus irradiation at 4000 m group was significantly decreased (P< 0.05) compared to only irradiation groups, and the manifestation of HE and lower positive expression of TNF-α showed improved histopathological changes in the liver section. Furthermore, no significant difference of HIF-1α expression between any two groups treated with IHHP was observed. CONCLUSION: IHHP at the altitude of 4000 m group could alleviate the radioactive liver damage by downregulating TNF-α and less strong positive expression of TGF-β1. Furthermore, patients exposed to radiation might benefit from this treatment to prevent or reduce the RILD.
Effects of a lower limb walking exoskeleton on quality of life and activities of daily living in patients with complete spinal cord injury: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hu Xiaomin , Lu Jiachun , Wang Yunyun , Pang Rizhao , Liu Jiancheng , Gou Xiang , Bai Xingang , Zhang Anren , Cheng Hong , Wang Qian , Chang Youjun , Yin Jie , Chang Cong , Xiao Hua , Wang Wenchun
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: In recent years, lower limb walking exoskeletons have been widely used in the study of spinal cord injury (SCI). OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of a lower limb walking exoskeleton on quality of life and functional independence in patients with motor complete SCI. METHODS: This was a multi-center, single blind, randomized controlled trial. A total of 16 SCI patients were randomly assigned to either the exoskeleton-assisted walking (EAW) group (n= 8) or the conventional group (n= 8). Both groups received conventional rehabilitation training, including aerobic exercise and strength training. The EAW group additionally conducted the exoskeleton-assisted walking training using an AIDER powered robotic exoskeleton for 40–50 minutes, 5 times/week for 8 weeks. World Health Organization quality of life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Spinal Cord Independence Measure III (SCIM-III) were used for assessment before and after training. RESULTS: There was an increasing tendency of scores in the psychological health, physical health, and social relationships domain of WHOQOL-BREF in the EAW group after the intervention compared with the pre-intervention period, but there was no significant difference (P> 0.05). SCIM-III scores increased in both groups compared to pre-training, with only the conventional group showing a significant difference after 8 weeks of training (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: A lower limb walking exoskeleton may have potential benefits for quality of life and activities of daily living in patients with motor complete SCI.