bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPACTO DAS INTERVENÇÕES CIRÚRGICAS UROLÓGICAS NO MANEJO DA INCONTINÊNCIA URINÁRIA EM MULHERES NO PÓS-PARTO: PERSPECTIVA OBSTÉTRICA
Authors: Lopes Thaynah Canônico , Guimarães Marina Campos , Macedo André Gustavo Ferreira , Mattos Manuela Pittella de
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A incontinência urinária em mulheres no pós-parto é uma condição frequentemente subdiagnosticada e pode impactar significativamente a qualidade de vida. Diversos fatores obstétricos, como partos vaginais e traumas perineais, estão associados ao desenvolvimento dessa condição. Intervenções cirúrgicas urológicas têm sido propostas como uma alternativa para o manejo da incontinência urinária, apresentando diferentes abordagens que visam restaurar a função do trato urinário e melhorar a saúde mental das mulheres afetadas. No entanto, a escolha da intervenção adequada requer uma análise cuidadosa das implicações a longo prazo e dos riscos envolvidos. Objetivo: Analisar o impacto das intervenções cirúrgicas urológicas no manejo da incontinência urinária em mulheres no pós-parto, sob a perspectiva obstétrica. Metodologia: Utilizando o checklist PRISMA, foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Web of Science. Os descritores utilizados foram "incontinência urinária", "cirurgia urológica", "pós-parto", "mulheres" e "obstetrícia". A seleção dos estudos considerou critérios de inclusão como: artigos publicados nos últimos dez anos, estudos focando especificamente em mulheres no pós-parto e intervenções cirúrgicas. Foram excluídos trabalhos que não abordavam diretamente a incontinência urinária, revisões sistemáticas e artigos que não apresentavam dados originais. Resultados: Os resultados indicaram que as intervenções cirúrgicas, como a colocação de malhas e a suspensão da uretra, mostraram-se eficazes na redução dos sintomas de incontinência urinária, melhorando a qualidade de vida das pacientes. No entanto, alguns estudos apontaram para complicações potenciais, como dor pélvica e necessidade de reintervenção. A análise revelou a importância de uma abordagem multidisciplinar e a necessidade de acompanhamento contínuo. Conclusão: As intervenções cirúrgicas urológicas podem ser uma opção viável para o manejo da incontinência urinária em mulheres no pós-parto, com benefícios significativos, mas também com riscos que devem ser considerados. A pesquisa sugere que, embora as cirurgias possam melhorar a condição, é fundamental a realização de estudos adicionais para avaliar a segurança e eficácia a longo prazo, bem como estratégias para otimizar o atendimento obstétrico e urológico.
INTOXICAÇÃO POR LÍTIO NO TRATAMENTO DO TRANSTORNO BIPOLAR CLÍNICA E MANEJO
Authors: Liza Railson Rigamonte , Lodônio Ana Luiza Xavier , Lima Guilherme Alves , Caetano Filho Hélio Fernandes , Xavier Kassyo Gabryell Tavares , Takatsu Leonardo , Takatsu Luciano , Peixoto Marcos Vinicius de Souza , Araújo Maria Fernanda Dias Correa de , Silva Mariana Max da , Euzebio Pâmela , Rodríguez Valéria Chavez
Published: October 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a apresentação clínica da intoxicação por lítio em pacientes com transtorno bipolar. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura científica, utilizando as bases de dados PubMed, BVS e Portal de Periódicos Capes. Estudos clínicos, relatos de caso e diretrizes de manejo sobre intoxicação por lítio foram incluídos, abrangendo pacientes com transtorno bipolar em diferentes fases do tratamento. Os principais achados clínicos da intoxicação por lítio variaram de sintomas gastrointestinais (náuseas, vômitos, diarreia) a sinais neurológicos graves (tremores, ataxia, convulsões, coma). A intoxicação aguda geralmente ocorre em doses excessivas, enquanto a intoxicação crônica está associada a acúmulo lento devido à disfunção renal ou interações medicamentosas (ex: diuréticos e AINEs). O manejo inicial inclui a suspensão imediata do lítio, hidratação intravenosa e monitoramento rigoroso dos níveis séricos de lítio, função renal e eletrólitos. A intoxicação por lítio é uma emergência médica que exige diagnóstico rápido e intervenção eficaz para evitar danos irreversíveis. Pacientes com fatores de risco devem ser monitorados de perto, com ajuste de doses e orientação sobre hidratação adequada e interações medicamentosas. Embora o lítio continue a ser um dos pilares do tratamento para transtorno bipolar, sua toxicidade permanece uma preocupação significativa.
COMO AUMENTAR A POTÊNCIA DE UM MOTOR DE COMBUSTÃO INTERNA
Authors: Bahia Vinícius Souza Santos , Alves Valter
Published: October 2024

Este estudo investiga os avanços potenciais na potência dos motores de combustão interna por meio do reposicionamento geométrico do cilindro, conhecido como deslocamento lateral do cilindro ou "offset engine". O objetivo deste estudo é investigar os avanços potenciais na potência dos motores de combustão interna através do reposicionamento geométrico do cilindro, analisando os efeitos desse deslocamento nos parâmetros de torque, potência e força lateral máxima exercida no êmbolo de um motor de ciclo Otto. A metodologia inclui uma Revisão Bibliográfica análises dos efeitos deste deslocamento nos parâmetros de torque, potência e força lateral máxima exercida no êmbolo de um motor de ciclo Otto. Utilizando simulações computacionais com o software Adams®, observou-se que tanto o torque quanto a potência aumentam com o incremento do deslocamento do cilindro. Além disso, a força lateral máxima no êmbolo foi consistentemente reduzida, atingindo valores mínimos em torno de um deslocamento de e = 0,4. Testes práticos em um dinamômetro demonstraram a viabilidade de implementação deste conceito em motores comerciais com poucas modificações nos componentes existentes, especialmente até um deslocamento de e = 0,1. Como resultado esperado, espera-se que o reposicionamento geométrico do cilindro aumente significativamente a potência dos motores de combustão interna. Conclui-se que esta estratégia pode ser eficaz para esse fim, oferecendo insights valiosos para futuras pesquisas e desenvolvimentos nesta área.
Catalogue of coastal-based instances with bathymetric and topographic data
Authors: Thuillier Owein , Le Josse Nicolas , Olteanu Alexandru-Liviu , Sevaux Marc , Tanguy Hervé
Published: October 2024

Abstract. We provide a catalogue of 17 700 unique coastal-based instances distributed throughout the globe and derived from bathymetric and topographic data made publicly available by the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO) as of 2022. These instances, or digital elevation models (DEMs), are delivered in the form of raster grids with a 15 arcsec resolution and are divided equally into three libraries, namely A, B, and C. In a given library, the dimensions range from a minimum of 10×10 cells to a maximum of 300×300 cells, with an incremental step of 5, i.e. 59 unique dimensions with 100 instances per dimension. In addition, for each dimension, these instances are ordered by increasing number of maritime cells and have in common the presence of a unique maritime-connected component with a ratio of maritime cells lying between 25 % and 95 % so as to cover a broad spectrum of different coastline geometries. In this paper, we will describe in detail the procedure used for their automated generation. The resulting catalogue can be downloaded from Zenodo, a general-purpose repository operated by CERN (European Organisation for Nuclear Research) and developed under the European OpenAIRE programme, at the following persistent address: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10530247 (Thuillier et al., 2024c). Additionally, a set of 18 colour palettes specifically designed for the visualisation of DEMs has been derived for this occasion and is available at the following address: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10530296 (Thuillier et al., 2024e). Both of these repositories come with comprehensive documentation.
The Need for Fission Track Data Transparency
Authors: Tamer Murat Taner , Chung Ling , Ketcham Richard A. , Gleadow Andrew J. W.
Published: October 2024

Abstract. We report a new image-based inter-analyst study to investigate fission-track grain selection and analysis by 13 participants from an image data set that included grains of variable quality. Results suggest that participants with less experience show a higher rate of selecting unsuitable grains, while participants from the same laboratories generally provide similar results. Less analysis experience may result in the rejection of suitable grains, or inclusion of unsuitable ones. While inappropriate omission and inclusion can both bias results, the latter is more pernicious due to the standard practice of achieving a predecided number of analyses; particularly in difficult samples, there is a danger of “squeezing the rock” by weakening selection criteria. Juxtaposing selected regions of interest (ROIs) on the same grains indicates that zoned grains and grains with inclusions and defects yield varying track density estimates, indicating that ROI placement can be an influential factor. We propose developing image data repositories for global data transparency, a global guidance for fission-track analysis, digital teaching modules, and open science. We also point out the need for new approaches for zeta calibration that include consideration of grain quality, methods of uranium determination, and etching protocols.
Using automatic calibration to improve the physics behind complex numerical models: An example from a 3D lake model using Delft3d (v6.02.10) and DYNO-PODS (v1.0)
Authors: Amadori Marina , Irani Rahaghi Abolfazl , Bouffard Damien , Toffolon Marco
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Models are simplified descriptions of reality and are intrinsically limited by the assumptions that have been introduced in their formulation. With the development of automatic calibration toolboxes, finding optimal parameters that suit the environmental system has become more convenient. Here, we explore how optimization toolboxes can be applied innovatively to uncover flaws in the physical formulations of models. We illustrate this approach by evaluating the effect of simplifications embedded in the formulation of a widely used hydro-thermodynamic model. We calibrate a Delft3D model based on temperature profiles for a case study, Lake Morat (Switzerland), through the optimization tool DYNO-PODS. Results show that neglecting the fraction β of shortwave radiation absorbed at the water surface can be compensated by higher values of the light extinction coefficient. This leads to unrealistic values of the latter parameter, as the optimization pushes the coefficient towards the limit of no transparency, consistent with the need to reproduce a significant absorption at the surface. While it is well-known that β is significantly larger than zero, its absence in the model was never noticed as critical. The extensive use of automatic calibration tools may offer similar outcomes in other applications.
Arctic climate response to European radiative forcing: a deep learning study on circulation pattern changes
Authors: Mehrdad Sina , Handorf Dörthe , Höschel Ines , Karami Khalil , Quaas Johannes , Dipu Sudhakar , Jacobi Christoph
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Heterogeneous radiative forcing in mid-latitudes, such as that exerted by aerosols, has been found to affect the Arctic climate, though the mechanisms remain debated. In this study, we leverage deep learning (DL) techniques to explore the complex response of the Arctic climate system to local radiative forcing over Europe. We conducted sensitivity experiments using the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM1.2) coupled with atmosphere–ocean–land-surface components. Large-scale circulation patterns can mediate the impact of the forcing on Arctic climate dynamics. We employed a DL-based clustering approach to classify large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns. To enhance the analysis of how these patterns impact the Arctic climate, the poleward moist static energy transport (PMSET) associated with the atmospheric circulation patterns was incorporated as an additional similarity metric in the clustering process. Furthermore, we developed a novel method to analyze the circulation patterns' contributions to various climatic parameter anomalies. Our findings indicate that the negative radiative forcing over Europe alters existing circulation patterns and their occurrence frequency without introducing new ones. Specifically, our analysis revealed that while the regional radiative forcing alters the occurrence frequencies of the circulation patterns, these changes are not the primary drivers of the forcing's impact on the Arctic parameters. Instead, it is the shifts in the mean spatial characteristics of the atmospheric circulation patterns, induced by the forcing, that predominantly determine the effects on the Arctic climate. Our methodology facilitates the uncovering of complex, nonlinear interactions within the climate system, capturing nuances that are often obscured in broader seasonal anomaly analyses. This approach enables a deeper understanding of the dynamics driving observed climatic anomalies and their links to specific atmospheric circulation patterns.
Cultural Practices and Human Rights: The Non-reporting of Rape Cases in the Lupane Rural District of Zimbabwe
Authors: Ncube Njabulo , Snyman Rika
Published: October 2024

While the non-reporting of rape is problematic internationally, it is particularly worrisome in the Lupane rural district of Zimbabwe. Therefore, this study was designed to understand the reasons behind non-reporting. Data was collected using narrative unstructured interviews with 44 purposively selected participants, consisting of 30 villagers and their 14 village heads. Three non-government organisations (NGO) registered as service organisations for the district formed part of the sample. The leave to interview Zimbabwe Republic Police (ZRP) personnel was sought, and the Commissioner-General of ZRP declined to provide gatekeeper permission. Thematic data analysis identified key themes and their relationships and meanings. New conversations are recommended for village communities to initiate culturally sensitive awareness and improve the reporting of rape.
Impoliteness Strategies of the Hate Comments on Twitter
Authors: Situmorang Yuli Fransiska , Lestari Febrika Dwi , Sinaga Nenni Triana
Published: October 2024

This study aims to determine the Impoliteness Strategies of the Hate Comments on Twitter. This study was compiled using a qualitative descriptive research method. Data from hate comments made by netizens in response to the post of the son of the Indonesian president in the comments column of the official Twitter account belonging to Gibran Rakabuming Raka and data Sources from the official Twitter account of the vice presidential candidate. The number of data in this study is 50 data. The Instrument of Collecting Data uses Observation and Documentation and the method of collecting data uses searching, reading, choosing, capturing, and printing. The data was analyzed using the Formula P=F/N x100. From the research that has been done, it was found that there is a difference in the percentage between the five types of impoliteness strategies. In the bald on record, type 4 hate comment data were found with a percentage of 8%, positive impoliteness is 6 hate comment data with a percentage of 12%, negative impoliteness is 6 hate comment data with a percentage of 12%, sarcasm or mock impoliteness is 34 hate comment data with a percentage of 68%, and withhold impoliteness is 0 hate comment data with a percentage of 0%. So, it can be concluded that the most dominant type the impoliteness strategies in the results is sarcasm or mock impoliteness with a percentage of 68% in the thesis title Impoliteness Strategies of the Hate Comments on Twitter.
A Systematic Review of Flipped Learning in EFL Education
Authors: Hava Kevser
Published: October 2024

Research on flipped learning in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education has garnered substantial scholarly attention in recent years. This systematic review aims to elucidate the potential of flipped learning within the framework of foreign language education. A total of thirty articles from Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) journals, published between 2018 and 2022, were included in this review based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The analysis focused on examining the research contexts, methodologies and foci, learning management systems, learning theories, and learning activities. The findings indicate that the majority of studies predominantly involved higher education students, with a significant number employing a quasi-experimental research design. Furthermore, the flipped learning process was largely informed by constructivist learning theory. The results suggest that the primary advantage of flipped learning lies in its capacity to enhance students' writing, speaking, and overall academic performance. Additionally, the review underscores that the integration of emerging technologies, such as augmented reality, automatic recognition, and artificial intelligence chatbots, into learning activities serves as an effective strategy for improving students' language skills and engagement.
Deficiencies and shortcomings in the mechanism for the application of contraventional sanctions
Authors: Erhan Ianuş
Published: October 2024

One of the coercive measures of the state for committing contraventions are also considered the contraventional sanctions which are applied according to their character and degree of prejudice, the characteristics of the person and the mitigating and aggravating circumstances. The gradualness and conditions of their application are established by the provisions of the Contraventional Code and have the role of repairing that attempt to the state of legality, as well as re-educating the perpetrator in order to exclude the commission of other violations in the future. In practice, there are certain shortcomings related to the contraventional sanctions that make it difficult for both the investigative agents and the courts, as there are multiple interpretations and ambiguities related to the individualization conditions and the applicable mechanism. In the same way, the people who are held responsible are not always given a proportional and effective sanction with the illegality committed. Today, the contraventional sanctions system requires certain changes and revisions, or, it does not fully achieve its intended purpose and established by the legal provisions to combat and prevent the commission of contraventions effectively
Characteristics of excesses of the perpetrator when committing a crime in complicity
Authors: Sary Tatyana
Published: October 2024

This article considers the characteristic of excesses of the perpetrator and the form of complicity in excesses of the perpetrator. The criminal-legal assessment of actions of accomplices in the conditions of excesses of the perpetrator of a crime is analyzed, when a number of problems are revealed, in particular: establishment of peculiarities of qualification depending on the type of excesses of the perpetrator of a crime; qualification of acts of co-perpetrators when they commit “outgrowing” crimes; qualification of crimes on the grounds of committing them by a group of persons by pre-planned conspiracy; qualification of acts of accomplices on the most serious qualifying feature of the crime, etc. Features of qualification of crimes in conditions of excesses of the perpetrator of a crime in the science of criminal law are traditionally considered in relation to quantitative and qualitative excesses.
Education in penal institutions: a path to rehabilitation and reintegration
Authors: Gheorghieva Svetlana
Published: October 2024

This article draws attention to the important role of education in the successful reintegration of convicted persons into society after serving their sentence. It emphasizes that education is a key tool for preventing reoffending and increasing the chances of convicts to fully reintegrate into society. The article emphasizes the importance of an individual approach to education and rehabilitation of inmates, taking into account their unique needs and characteristics. Particular attention is paid to psychological support and social rehabilitation, considered as integral components of successful adaptation of convicts. In addition, the importance of cooperation between the penitentiary system, educational institutions and civil society is emphasized. This cooperation ensures that inmates have access to education and support upon release, which contributes to a safer and more stable society
Capítulo 1. La estampación como proceso creativo
Authors: Bernal María del Mar
Published: October 2024

La estampación es un proceso de transferencia. Aunque sucede al final y el entintado es su parte más visible, se ve afectada desde el principio por la creación, por el dibujo y las herramientas. El capítulo primero, La estampación como proceso creativo, analiza los dos pilares en los que se asienta la estampación artística: la creatividad y el método. El método es creativo, pero es método al fin y al cabo, un procedimiento que llevará al fin una obra artística, a la meta; la metodología es la forma de aplicarlo con conocimiento. Una metodología creativa, al más puro estilo cartesiano, es la más apropiada. Solo se necesita perspectiva y experiencia para desarrollarla en cualquier estampa.
Capítulo 10. El frottage: aparecer
Authors: Bernal María del Mar
Published: October 2024

El capítulo décimo, El frottage: aparecer, define un modo de estampación en la periferia de la gráfica cada vez más utilizado por los artistas contemporáneos. Es común pensar que es un modo de expresión caracterizado por la espontaneidad y el azar, pero si se analiza detenidamente se ve que, a la vez que se crean imágenes oníricas aparentemente sin sentido, la precisión en el dibujo y la intención anula mucho del supuesto automatismo del frottage. Una vez ideada la imagen, el artista no cede en su estricto método de trabajo plagado de criterios compositivos y estéticos: compone, encaja, contornea y sigue las líneas directrices frotando las texturas para completar la valoración dentro de un armazón previamente dibujado. Hay poco de improvisación y se llega a él con una amplia experiencia relativa al comportamiento de las superficies, los soportes y los lápices de dibujo para transferir las propiedades indexales de la materia.
Capítulo 11. La estampación en hueco: procesos de entintado
Authors: Bernal María del Mar
Published: October 2024

El entintado en hueco contiene recursos que un artista puede manejar para aumentar la calidad gráfica de sus grabados. Frente a la secular impresión industrial, caracterizada por la estampación limpia de la plancha, la estampación artística se inició con un velo sobre la superficie que aumentaba, de forma secundaria, la densidad de tinta en las tallas. El capítulo La estampación en hueco: procesos de entintado estudia esas formas de afrontar la estampación calcográfica descubriendo su valor estético y su capacidad para aportar, o restar, belleza a la estampa. Los procedimientos más creativos siempre se enfrentaron a la contundencia con que la ortodoxia defendía la objetividad de las pruebas natura e hizo que los estampadores más liberales manifestasen sus reticencias para utilizarlos, lo que concluyó en la separación definitiva entre el Arte Gráfico y las artes gráficas.
Capítulo 13. Estampar sensaciones: tintas distintas
Authors: Bernal María del Mar
Published: October 2024

En estos últimos treinta años hemos visto cómo la estampación se ha reinventado para sobrevivir al impacto digital. Las tintas convencionales han dado paso a composiciones que innovan no solo en lo visual y lo sostenible, sino también en otro tipo de experiencias táctiles, sonoras y olfativas que invitan al espectador a interactuar con la estampa. Ahora son un componente técnico, estético y también simbólico integrante de propuestas gráficas cada vez más complejas. La imagen perceptible solo a través de la vista se ha quedado corta y, por tanto, han mutado matrices, tintas y soportes . Ya no se buscan, solo, nuevas experiencias visuales con tintas a base de aceite y pigmento, sino que se intenta, también, que la estampa mute a raíz de la intervención del espectador. El capítulo décimo tercero, Estampar Sensaciones. Tintas distintas, se resume en una pregunta: ¿Qué impresión quieres dar?
Capítulo 17. La prueba y el ensayo
Authors: Bernal María del Mar
Published: October 2024

En el capítulo La prueba y el ensayo se estudia una de las fases más creativas del proceso de estampar: el probaje de ensayo. La repetición está unida indisolublemente a este ensayo y contendrá un propósito de mejora que se acumula estampa tras estampa permitiendo armonizar los diversos componentes de la imagen: la tinta y los entintados, el papel y la transferencia, las máquinas y los procesos. Es un modo de tejer una red mental que, paralelamente a la mejora de la obra artística, tiene un efecto determinante en la automatización de movimientos imprescindibles en el hábito y el conocimiento de la estampación.
Capítulo 4. Grabado a todo riesgo
Authors: Bernal María del Mar
Published: October 2024

En el capítulo cuarto, Grabado a todo riesgo, se analiza cómo la prevención ha modificado muchas de las prácticas de la estampación. No hay ningún taller de grabado exento de riesgo. Sea cual sea la acción que se ejecute permanece, en mayor o menor medida, un peligro en cualquiera de sus versiones: corte, apresamiento, intoxicación, quemadura, corrosión, golpe, resbalón, salpicadura, distracción. Desde hace ya varias décadas la mentalidad de la mayoría de los estampadores y las instituciones ha evolucionado para encontrar antídotos eficaces contra la peligrosidad de sus talleres. Lo sostenible en grabado no puede mantenerse ajeno a todo esto ya que la sostenibilidad es una actitud. Y aunque la idea de lo no tóxico y la ecología dirija nuestra actividad de estampadores, compete más a la gestión que a lo artístico, por lo que es fácil dejarla de lado.
Capítulo 8. La estampación en relieve. Argumentos técnicos
Authors: Bernal María del Mar
Published: October 2024

El capítulo octavo, La estampación en relieve. Argumentos técnicos, examina los motivos procedimentales por los que el aspecto final de la estampa presenta aciertos o errores desde el punto de vista gráfico. Un porcentaje alto de la mala calidad de las estampas, sobre todo cuando hay grandes zonas de negro, depende de la falta de frescura de la tinta y del manejo adecuado del rodillo. El entintado alude al ritmo, a la cadencia y al control de todas las variables que intervienen. La viscosidad, cantidad y homogeneidad de esta sustancia son las tres cualidades a tener en cuenta, los tres parámetros fundamentales que el estampador debe controlar sobre el tintero y sobre su matriz.
Capítulo 9. El gofrado: la luz y la sombra
Authors: Bernal María del Mar
Published: October 2024

En el capítulo noveno, Gofrado: la luz y la sombra se considera el significado estético del gofrado, una técnica que, desde el punto de vista de la estampación, se encuentra a caballo entre el hueco y el relieve. En la gráfica expandida las relaciones que existen entre el grabado, el dibujo, la escultura o la arquitectura carece de fronteras precisas. Puede decirse que un dibujo es una escultura mínima o que una escultura es un dibujo excesivo. Aunque hemos visto que su definición más estricta refiere a estampas sin color, es frecuente ver imágenes entintadas que se enriquecen con cierto volumen. Su origen industrial consistió en estampar en seco sobre papel o sobre las cubiertas de un libro diversos motivos. Actualmente es una forma más de expresión de la estampa que atrae por los sutiles efectos de luz y sombra que produce.
Vigor y orfandad de las artes cisorias
Authors: Parra Bañón José Joaquín
Published: October 2024

Texto firmado por el arquitecto y catedrático de la Universidad de Sevilla José Joaquín Parra Bañón a modo de prólogo, o epílogo, pues «es el pequeño texto previo al gran texto» pero «como aquí sucede, debe ser escrito con posterioridad a lo prologado.» Este texto, Vigor y orfandad de las artes cisorias, «tiene vocación de epílogo, libido de clímax, ansia de orgasmo. Es el vestíbulo del edificio: aquel que se construye al final, en último lugar, y que al salir se cierra para luego […] tirar la llave a las entrañas de la alcantarilla.»
Multidrug Resistance of Escherichia coli in cats and the Level of Understanding of Cat Owners on Antimicrobial Resistance
Authors: Jellia Wibisono Freshinta , Ayu Widiasih Dyah , Nguyen-Viet Hung
Published: October 2024

Multidrug resistance poses a global health risk to humans, animals, and the environment.The impact of this issue is so great that it has gained international attention, ranging from the rising morbidity to the mortality rate of infectious diseases in humans and animals. Because of their peculiar eliminative behavior habit of burying their waste in the ground, cats may contribute to the spread of microorganisms resistant to antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to map the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant E. coli bacteria in cats and to determine the degree of cat owners' comprehension as a risk factor for the development of antimicrobial resistance. In this investigation, 353 cat anal swab samples were found to contain E. coli. The study was carried out in 2023 between March and May. The Mueller Hilton Agar medium was used to test for multidrug resistance to beta-lactam, aminoglycoside, and tetracycline class antibiotics using the diffusion method. Using a questionnaire, the degree of knowledge on antibiotic resistance among 373 cat owners was assessed. Respondent variables include identification, knowledge, demeanor, attitude, and cat care. After that, data were descriptively examined. E. coli was detected in 87.82% (310/353) of the cat anal swab samples (n = 353) in this investigation. Additionally, multidrug resistance was shown in 7.4% (23/310) of the isolates; this frequency was higher in stray cats (8.75%) than in domestic cats (6%). For ampicillin, tetracycline, and streptomycin, the rates of antimicrobial resistance were 28.39% (88/310), 15.81% (49/310), and 14.84% (46/310), in that order. According to an analysis of the questionnaires used to gauge cat owners' comprehension of antimicrobial-resistant events, 64.3% (240/373) of the owners did not know what antimicrobial resistance was. In addition, 72.7% (271/373) of the cat owners were aware of the medications their cats were given, and 66% (246/373) of them knew how to give antibiotics to their pets. These findings are consistent with the findings of another survey that showed 70% (261/373) of cat owners took their sick cats to the veterinarian. Compared to domestic cats, stray cats in this study had a higher rate of multidrug resistance.This is consistent with the relatively positive findings of a survey on cat owners' comprehension of cat maintenance and care; yet, the poor awareness of antimicrobial resistance among cat owners may contribute to its emergence. To raise awareness regarding antimicrobial resistance in cats, cat owners need to get education.
Nephroprotective effect of Cansjera rheedii on Gentamicin induced Renal toxicity in Wistar albino rats
Authors: Maled Naveen , Chandrashekar V M , Shalavadi Mallappa , Hiremath G S , Anawal Lingaraj , Teli Shubham , Kagawade Sushma , Meti Sunilkumar , Khombare Bhushan , Sadashivanavar Veeresh
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To examine the effect of Cansjera rheedii in gentamicin induced kidney damage in rats. Material and Method: In this current study, rats in group 1 were used as the normal group and were given physiological saline. Rats of group 2 were injected with gentamicin [100mg/kg] via intraperitoneal injection. Group 3 was given gentamicin (100mg/kg, IP) together with oral selenium [2mg/kg]. Hydroalcoholic extract (HECR) of Cansjera rheedii leaves was administered orally to groups 4 and 5 in low dose of 200mg/kg and high dose of 400 mg/kg, respectively. Above treatments were given to rats over eight days. Blood serum and urine were collected on the 8th day to evaluate blood and urine biochemical parameters. Antioxidant parameters were evaluated using renal homogenates. Kidney sections were used for histopathological examination. Result: The renoprotective effect of HECR plant extract was evident at both low and high dose [200mg/kg and 400mg/kg]. This action maintains structural and functional integrity by preventing damage caused by gentamicin. This protection is attributed to the antioxidant properties of the extract.
Evaluation of Anti-arthritic Activity of hydro-alcoholic Root Extract of Moringa concanensis in complete Freund’s Adjuvant-induced Arthritic Rats
Authors: Mukherjee Apurbo , M.G Hariprasad , Moqbel Redhwan Moqbel Ali , Guha Sourav
Published: October 2024

Background: Arthritis, a debilitating inflammatory disorder, has been a target for numerous therapeutic interventions. Natural plant extracts, especially those rich in phytochemicals like terpenoids, have demonstrated potential as alternative remedies. In this context, Moringa concanensis, a traditionally known medicinal plant, needs further elucidation regarding its anti-arthritic efficacy. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the anti-arthritic potential of the hydro-alcoholic root extract of Moringa concanensis in a Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis rat model. Methods: An initial phytochemical screening and GC-MS analysis were executed on the hydro-alcoholic root extract of Moringa concanensis. Arthritis was subsequently induced in rats using CFA. Comprehensive assessments were made on various parameters such as body weight, paw volume, joint diameter, serum rheumatoid factor, serum C-reactive protein, ALP, ALT, total protein, total cholesterol, and urea. Additionally, histopathological studies of the liver and ankle joints were carried out. For comparative efficacy, methotrexate was employed as a positive control. Results: Rats receiving the hydro-alcoholic extract at dosages of 200mg/kg (p.o) and 400mg/kg (p.o) exhibited a notable reduction in the physical and biochemical indicators of arthritis, in comparison to the untreated arthritic model. Histopathological observations further confirmed that the anti-arthritic effects of the hydro-alcoholic extract were on par with methotrexate. Conclusion: The hydro-alcoholic root extract of Moringa concanensis exhibited significant anti-arthritic activity, possibly attributed to its terpenoid content. The findings advocate for its potential application as a therapeutic agent in managing arthritis.
Wood Tar Properties in Morocco: Yield, pH, and Density Analysis
Authors: Ninich Oumaima , El Fahime Elmostafa , Satrani Badr , Ouajdi Mohamed , El younssi Khalid , Burri Sylvain , Ettaleb Ismail , Chauiyakh Oussama , Aarabi Samar , Ettahir Aziz
Published: October 2024

This research examines the properties of wood tars in Morocco, including yield, pH, and density. The investigation involved pyrolysis processes using 1200 grams of wood. Cedar wood yielded 65% tar, while juniper yielded 38%. pH analyses revealed acidity levels in the tar. Commercial liquid wood tar had pH values ranging from 2.507±0.259 to 4.403±0.256, and commercial thick wood tar ranged from 2.963±0.441 to 4.393±0.121. Cedrus atlantica exhibited average pH values of 1.280±0.020 for artisanal wood tar samples and 2.297±0.025 for laboratory samples. Juniperus oxycedrus displayed pH values of 3.500±0.072 for artisanal samples and 1.913±0.042 for laboratory samples. Density variations were observed in liquid wood tar samples, which ranged from 0.775±0.019 to 1.069±0.084, and in thick wood tar samples, which ranged from 0.837±0.167 to 1.195±0. Artisanal cedar tar had a density of 0.906±0.023, while laboratory cedar tar had a density of 0.966±0.002. For Juniperus oxycedrus, artisanal wood tar exhibited a density of 1.179±0.017, and laboratory wood tar had a density of 1.081±0.004. Despite the insights gained from this study, it emphasizes the necessity for further investigation into the properties of wood tar to enhance our understanding of this natural product, which has been integral to human practices for centuries.
Noncoding RNA Therapeutics: Pioneering a new Frontier
Authors: Deshpande Teja , Bhan Kaushik Pratap , Shaikh Ruhan , Tilak A.V.
Published: October 2024

The discovery of noncoding RNA based therapy has revolutionized the treatment options available for rare diseases. This is a step ahead of discovery of monoclonal antibodies in modern era of medicine. This works through regulation of gene expression through gene silencing. There are few challenges but potential solutions are emerging. We can look forward to this therapy in coming future pioneering a new frontier.
CSR under the pressure of financial shocks
Authors: Sikochi Anywhere
Published: October 2024

This study examines how the COVID-19 pandemic influenced firms' interactions with customers and suppliers. Customer-supplier relationships are essential because the success of interconnected firms affects the sustainability of the entire supply chain. We use the economic shock of COVID-19 to evaluate if socially responsible firms truly adhere to responsible business practices (i.e. prioritize stakeholders) when faced with financial pressure. Using a difference-in-differences design, we find that socially responsible firms take longer to pay their suppliers though they do not appear to relax payment terms for customers during COVID. These strategies contradict the principles of stakeholder theory, which focuses on understanding and addressing the interests of all stakeholders. Overall, our findings show that socially responsible firms focus more on safeguarding their own liquidity rather than stakeholder priorities during crisis periods.
Antiphospholipid syndrome: potential link between the gut and autoimmunity
Authors: Punčochář Michal
Published: October 2024

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease of unclear etiology. Its estimated prevalence is 50 patients per 100,000 individuals and is caused by self targeting antiphospholipid antibodies that lead to an increased risk of thrombosis. Genetically predisposing factors are known, yet alone, cannot be decisive for the onset and severity of APS. Ruff et al., Cell Host Microbe, 2019, found that the gut microbiome is likely to be implicated in the development and persistence of autoimmunity in APS. They demonstrated cross-reactivity between non-orthologous mimotopes present in DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) expressed by a common human gut commensal Roseburia intestinalis and T and B cell autoepitopes in the APS autoantigen β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI).

Here we sequenced 79 stool microbiome samples from 19 APS patients and 16 healthy donors at nearly 100 million median number of reads, obaining a first ever metagenomic dataset for APS. We compare alpha- and beta-diversity between disease and healthy individuals and investigate previously identified R. intestinalis, as well as other known microbiome cardiolipin producers finding no differences. We search for proteins carrying the β2GPI autoepitopes via database search and direct search in the sequenced reads leading to discovery of many more potential epitope carriers needing further experimental confirmation.
African microbiome data in BugSigDB
Authors: Urua Scholastica
Published: October 2024

The complexity and diversity in microbiome research pose difficulties in consolidating and evaluating existing knowledge. BugSigDB, an open-source and open-science platform (https://bugsigdb.org) powered by the same technology as Wikipedia, is designed to address this issue through standardized recording of key methods and signatures in published microbiome literature. BugSigDB is maintained by a global network of hundreds of curators, including many from Africa, fostering a more comprehensive understanding of health and disease and encouraging more inclusive and impactful research results. Currently, BugSigDB includes microbiome data of 39 studies conducted in 18 African countries, out of a total of 1174 curated studies from 78 countries. The goal of the presented work is to increase the curation of microbiome studies involving African participants, thereby enriching the global dataset and ensuring that African data is adequately represented in microbiome research.
Importaciones forestales 2023
Authors:   Instituto Forestal (Chile), Poblete Pamela , Hernández Joselyn
Published: October 2024

Las importaciones forestales tuvieron una participación de 1,8% dentro del total nacional, reportando US$1.510 millones CIF, rompiendo la tendencia al alza registrada desde el año 2021. Las importaciones tuvieron una caída de 36,5% en comparación con el monto alcanzado el año anterior. De igual forma, las exportaciones de productos forestales en 2023 alcanzaron US$5.556 millones FOB, disminuyendo en un 16,8% en comparación al año anterior. Con estas variaciones negativas, la balanza comercial de productos forestales para el 2023 totalizó US$4.047 millones, bajando en 6,0%, mientras que, el intercambio comercial llegó a US$7.066 millones anuales.
Productos forestales no madereros 2024
Authors:   Instituto Forestal (Chile), Poblete Pamela , García Marta , Álvarez Andrea , Hernández Joselyn
Published: October 2024

A partir del año 2024, el Boletín de Productos Forestales No Madereros pasa a ser una publicación anual. Contiene las cifras de las exportaciones chilenas para este segmento de productos, sus países de destino y las empresas involucradas. Boletín de Productos Forestales No Madereros también incluye temas destacados de la evolución de las exportaciones de un producto no maderero seleccionado o información de las actividades de INFOR en el ámbito de los PFNM, en base a documentación especializada.
Civilian-Military Relations in the “Camp Philadelphia” Incident, 1863
Authors: Casino Joseph J.
Published: October 2024

A venerable History of Philadelphia, 1609–1884 by J. Thomas Scharf and Thompson Westcott has been long and widely used by many historians, sometimes with insufficient due diligence, for overall background and context for more specialized topics. An event in Philadelphia involving a confrontation between soldiers and civilians in August 1863, which led to the death of a young farmer, was one such incident where Scharf and Westcott got it all wrong. Unfortunately, their rendition of the event in terms of place and persons involved has been repeated in some more modern histories. Setting the record straight, however, has led to some unexpected benefits which further our awareness of conditions on the Philadelphia home front during the Civil War years; and it could, by extension and expansion, advance our historical understanding of civilian-military relations in other cities in the United States where military camps were placed within urban settings.
Bly in Blackwell’s: A Turning Point for Mental Health and Journalism
Authors: Jaafar Aicha
Published: October 2024

“Bly in Blackwell’s: A Turning Point for Mental Health and Journalism” tells the story of Nellie Bly, a Pennsylvania-born investigative journalist. In 1887, Bly was set with the task of writing and reporting on an infamous insane asylum in New York—The Lodge on Blackwell’s Island. To do this, Bly acted “insane” and was sent to the institution as a patient so she could report on its inhumane conditions and expose it firsthand. After over a week of work in a terrifying environment, Bly was able to leave and wrote a two-part article for The New York World that was later published as Ten Days in a Mad-House. By making this brave effort, Nellie Bly changed the course of journalism and mental health, especially for women. This historical article shares the steps of Bly’s journey and shows just how much of an effect this plucky young writer had on our world.
PESQUISA DE CEPAS MULTIRRESISTENTES A COLISTINA E CARBAPENÊMICOS (COLR-CR) ISOLADOS DE PACIENTES INTERNADOS NO HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO
Authors: Chagas AP , Gioppo NMR , Baeza L , Machado LNC , Caloi EA , Brandt SB
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Complexo Acinetobacter baumanni e Pseudomonas aeruginosa são bactérias pertencentes à sigla ESKAPE e estão associadas a infecções hospitalares dada a capacidade intrínseca e adquirida de resistência a várias classes de antimicrobianos. A descoberta de cepas multirresistentes, tanto polimixinas quanto carbapenêmicos (ColR-CR), principais classes de antimicrobianos usados em tais casos, tem se mostrado como um importante desafio para o enfrentamento de infecções nosocomiais causadas por esses agentes. Método: A pesquisa se deu por meio da verificação de registros de cepas multirresistentes de Klebsiella pneumoniae, Complexo Acinetobacter baumannii e Pseudomonas aeruginosa multirresistentes com resultado positivo para resistência a colistina (ColR) e carbapenêmicos (CR), no período de 2017 a agosto de 2022. Ela foi feita através de revisão de laudos e prontuários obtidos em prontuário eletrônico do paciente (Tasy®) com as análises realizadas no laboratório de análises clínicas do hospital universitário com confirmação genética realizada pelo laboratório central do estado (Lacen). Além da espécie e do perfil de multirresistência, a origem da cepa (nosocomial ou comunitária), a presença do gene mcr1 e o perfil de carbapenemase manifestado pela cepa foram levantados a fim de correlacionar os dados com o desfecho clínico por meio de teste Qui-Quadrado com 5% de nível de significância, usando o software Microsoft Excel®. Conclusão: A busca encontrou 63 amostras de bactérias (ColR-CR) nos últimos cinco anos de registros, com uma prevalência crescente ao longo dos anos na instituição. Quase todas as variáveis estudadas não tiveram correlações com o desfecho clínico; as únicas exceções foram origem da infecção e presença de blaKPC no grupo Klebsiella pneumoniae. A aquisição nosocomial de tais bactérias e a presença de blaKPC foram associados a um mau prognóstico, e a prevalência crescente de bactérias COlR-CR é validada por dados mundiais.
AVALIAÇÃO DE UM SISTEMA COMERCIAL DE MONITORAMENTO DE TURBIDEZ SEGUIDO DE ESPECTROMETRIA DE MASSA PARA IDENTIFICAÇÃO RÁPIDA DE MICRORGANISMOS EM AMOSTRAS DE URINA
Authors: Nurmberger JM , Inoue FM , Lobo APT , Ramadan DR , Tufik S
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: O estudo avaliou o desempenho do sistema Uro-Quick (UQ) e do sistema Vitek-MS para identificação de isolados bacterianos diretamente de amostras de urina. Método: Para a triagem automatizada pelo sistema UQ, foi utilizada uma alíquota de 500 µl de amostra de urina em um frasco UQ, incubado por 3 horas. O software monitora a curva de crescimento por meio da quantificação de unidades formadoras de colônias (UFC/ml). A preparação da amostra para identificação direta por espectrometria de massa foi realizada utilizando um protocolo in house de centrifugação/lavagem (CL). Em paralelo à identificação direta, todas as amostras de urina foram submetidas ao método de cultura padrão (CP). Isolados bacterianos de culturas positivas foram identificados pelo sistema Vitek®2. Conclusão: Dentre 334 amostras clínicas avaliadas, 261 foram negativas para o crescimento pelo sistema UQ e para a presença de microrganismos pela CP; 78 amostras, positivas com crescimento ≥ 104 UFC/ml pelo sistema UQ, das quais 32 também foram positivas com microrganismo isolado pela CP. Entre os 78 microrganismos detectados nas amostras com curva de crescimento pelo sistema UQ, 94,8% foram identificados até o nível de espécie pela espectrometria de massa e 5,2% não foram identificados. Os microrganismos foram E. coli, E. faecalis, K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis, C. koseri, S. agalactiae, M. morganii, E. cloacae, C. freundii e G. vaginalis. Entre os 32 microrganismos detectados pela CP, 28 apresentaram a mesma identificação em nível de espécie quando comparados com a identificação direta pelo Vitek-MS. Este estudo demonstrou que os métodos UQ e CW utilizando a espectrometria de massa foram capazes de fornecer um resultado rápido (< 4 horas) para identificação bacteriana diretamente de amostras de urina, o que pode ser útil na prática clínica, especialmente em casos de infecções graves, como a pielonefrite.