bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Doping Engineering of Piezo‐Sonocatalytic Nanocoating Confer Dental Implants with Enhanced Antibacterial Performances and Osteogenic Activity
Authors: Pan Qiyuan , Zheng Yi , Zhou Yang , Zhang Xiao , Yuan Meng , Guo Jingying , Xu Chao , Cheng Ziyong , Kheraif Abdulaziz A. Al , Liu Min , Lin Jun
Published: January 2024

Rescuing dental implants from plaque‐induced infection and implementing effective plaque control methods in a limited oral environment pose challenges for modern dentistry. To address this issue, Al ion doped strontium titanate/titanium dioxide nanotubes (Al‐SrTiO3/TiO2 nanotubes, Al‐STNT) are designed as an ultrasound‐responsive nanocoating immobilized on the Ti implant surface. Introducing Al3+ ions into the inorganic sonosensitive SrTiO3/TiO2 heterojunction induces oxygen vacancies and disrupts the lattice of SrTiO3. By overcoming the bandgap barrier through ultrasonic stimulated piezoelectric effect, Al‐STNT produces more reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the sonodynamic therapy (SDT) process, stimulus on Al‐STNT induces abundant ROS efficiently disrupting the bacteria biofilm and inhibiting biofilm metabolism. Moreover, the specific nanoscale SrTiO3 coating endows dental implants with osteogenic activity, facilitating the formation of rigid osseointegration between the implant surface and alveolar bone. By mimicking human dental implants in rats, Al‐STNT demonstrates optimal postimplant osseointegration while retaining its antibacterial ability as a sonosensitizer. Thanks to the portability of the ultrasound instrument and the stability of implant‐based sonosensitizer, this strategy presents an attractive option for patients to self‐treat and secure the long‐term success of their implants.
A Configuration Entropy Enabled High‐Performance Polyanionic Cathode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Meng , Sun Chen , Yuan Xuanyi , Li Yang , Yuan Yifei , Jin Haibo , Lu Jun , Zhao Yongjie
Published: January 2024

Polyanionic sodium ion cathodes have attracted lots of concern because of their excellent structural stability. However, the low specific capacity is still a pressing issue hampering their practical application. In this work, a medium‐entropy NASICON‐structure cathode Na3.5V0.5Mn0.5Fe0.5Ti0.5(PO4)3 (Me‐NVMP) is proposed. The Me‐NVMP achieves a highly reversible specific capacity of 165.8 mAh g−1 (1.8–4.4 V vs Na+/Na) at 0.1 C via the stepwise redox reactions of Ti3+/Ti4+‐Fe2+/Fe3+, V3+/V4+‐Mn2+/Mn3+, and V4+/V5+‐Mn3+/Mn4+. More impressively, the Me‐NVMP yields super rate capability and cycling stability via the regulation of configuration entropy in NASICON. Specifically, the Me‐NVMP cathode can preserve a capacity retention of 83.5% after 10,000 cycles at 100 C (17 A g−1). Furthermore, excellent cycling performance even at the temperature of 0 °C (capacity retention of 93.45% at 20 C after 1000 cycles) is also demonstrated. In situ X‐ray diffraction analysis reveals that the enhanced performance can be mainly attributed to the solid–solution‐type Na+ storage behavior in Me‐NVMP. Moreover, issues such as Jahn‐Teller distortion of Mn3+ and irreversible structural change at high voltage (>4.0 V vs Na+/Na) are effectively mitigated. This work inspires a new strategy to design high‐performance polyanionic electrode materials.
Borophene Based 3D Extrusion Printed Nanocomposite Hydrogel for Antibacterial and Controlled Release Application
Authors: Das Poushali , Ganguly Sayan , Marvi Parham Khoshbakht , Sherazee Masoomeh , Ahmed Syed Rahin , Tang Xiaowu (Shirley) , Srinivasan Seshasai , Rajabzadeh Amin Reza
Published: January 2024

Herein, a borophene/zinc oxide (BZ) nanocomposite is synthesized through a straightforward one‐step solvothermal process, avoiding the need for any rigorous reducing agent. The BZ nanocomposites are introduced into semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks to form hydrogels via in situ UV triggered free radical gelation during three‐dimensional (3D) microextrusion printing. The hydrogels exhibit mechanical robustness, high compressibility, pH sensitivity, and microporosity. The diffusion behavior of the hydrogel shows a combination of swelling and molecular chain relaxation based on its water uptake kinetics. Hydrogels are tested in rigorous pH environments over multiple cycles to ensure structural integrity. The rheological assessment of the hydrogels proves their high elasticity. The uniaxial mechanical properties support its mechanical toughness and zero permanent set resulting elastomeric soft matrix. The cyclic compression test up to 100 cycles has negligible data deviations in calculating compression moduli (≈24 kPa). The hydrogels are non‐toxic and found to be effective bactericidal materials for both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria. The hydrogel demonstrates pH‐responsive time‐dependent payload release behavior, suggesting its potential as a soft matrix drug carrier in biomedical research. To the best of the authors knowledge, this is the first report of BZ‐based soft biomaterial with antibacterial properties serving as an excellent controlled drug delivery device.
Tunable Ionic Sieving Membrane via Reactive Layer‐By‐Layer Assembly of Porous Organic Cages
Authors: Zhang Yu , Hao Zhan , Hussein Ismail , Wang Zhi , Zhao Song
Published: January 2024

Selectively permeable membranes with subnanosized pores show potential for applications in saline wastewater treatment and resource recovery. Here, a novel ionic sieving membrane (ISM) is fabricated via reactive layer‐by‐layer assembly of reduced porous organic cages, providing confined pores for the entry of monovalent ions and the interception of divalent ions. The ion separation performance of ISMs can be tuned by varying the concentration of reduced porous organic cages during the assembly. The highly permeable ISM featuring a surface potential of −52 mV and widely distributed aperture (µp = 0.69 nm, σp = 1.37) preferentially permits the passage of Cl− over SO42−, resulting in remarkable permeance of 9.4 L m−2 h−1 bar−1 and Cl−/SO42− selectivity of 50.3. However, the highly selective ISM with a surface potential of −30 mV and narrowly distributed aperture (µp = 0.66 nm, σp = 1.27) exhibits superior Cl−/SO42− selectivity of 277.3 and Li+/Mg2+ selectivity of 64.7, indicating that the regular subnanosized pore structure plays a dominant role in achieving precise separation of mono‐/divalent ions. Moreover, owing to the acquired excellent Li+/Mg2+ selectivity, for the first time, lithium extraction from simulated salt lake brine is achieved by a two‐stage nanofiltration process with reduced Mg2+/Li+ mass ratio from 40 to 0.3.
Revealing the Active Sites in Atomically Dispersed Multi‐Metal–Nitrogen–Carbon Catalysts
Authors: Sun Buwei , Zhang Shiyu , Yang Haozhou , Zhang Tianyu , Dong Qiujiang , Zhang Wanxing , Ding Jia , Liu Xiaogang , Wang Lei , Han Xiaopeng , Hu Wenbin
Published: January 2024

Atomically dispersed metal‐nitrogen‐carbon catalysts have been extensively explored for various sustainable energy‐related reactions. From a material perspective, these catalysts are likely to consist of a combination of single‐atom, dual‐atom and possibly even multi‐atom sites. However, pinpointing their true active sites has remained a challenging task. In this study, a model catalyst is introduced, Co/CoMn‐NC, featuring both Co single‐atom sites and CoMn dual‐atom sites on a nitrogen‐doped carbon substrate. By employing a combination of X‐ray adsorption spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations, the atomic configuration of Co/CoMn‐NC has been determined. Density functional theory calculations are also used to unequivocally identify Co‐atom within the CoMn dual‐atom motif as the predominate active site of the Co/CoMn‐NC model catalyst toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), which is further confirmed by in situ Raman spectroscopy. The cooperative interactions between Co single‐atom sites and CoMn dual‐atom sites can finely tune the d‐band center and ameliorate the adsorption and desorption behaviors of the intermediates, thereby facilitating ORR kinetic. Overall, the study introduces a systematic strategy to elucidate the structure and the superiority of the model system and provides new insights into atomically dispersed multi‐metal active sites, showcasing that enhanced catalytic performance extends beyond unified diatomic sites or monatomic sites.
Radiotherapy Resistance of 3D Bioprinted Glioma via ITGA2/p‐AKT Signaling Pathway
Authors: Liu Dongdong , Tian Haotian , Li Huaixu , Nie Jianyu , Han Zhenyu , Tang Guozhang , Gao Peng , Cheng Hongwei , Dai Xingliang
Published: January 2024

Due to the inherent radiation tolerance, patients who suffered from glioma frequently encounter tumor recurrence and malignant progression within the radiation target area, ultimately succumbing to treatment ineffectiveness. The precise mechanism underlying radiation tolerance remains elusive due to the dearth of in vitro models and the limitations associated with animal models. Therefore, a bioprinted glioma model is engineered, characterized the phenotypic traits in vitro, and the radiation tolerance compared to 2D ones when subjected to X‐ray radiation is assessed. By comparing the differential gene expression profiles between the 2D and 3D glioma model, identify functional genes, and analyze distinctions in gene expression patterns. Results showed that 3D glioma models exhibited substantial alterations in the expression of genes associated with the stromal microenvironment, notably a significant increase in the radiation tolerance gene ITGA2 (integrin subunit A2). In 3D glioma models, the knockdown of ITGA2 via shRNA resulted in reduced radiation tolerance in glioma cells and concomitant inhibition of the p‐AKT pathway. Overall, 3D bioprinted glioma model faithfully recapitulates the in vivo tumor microenvironment (TME) and exhibits enhanced resistance to radiation, mediated through the ITGA2/p‐AKT pathway. This model represents a superior in vitro platform for investigating glioma radiotherapy tolerance.
Oncolytic Peptide‐Nanoplatform Drives Oncoimmune Response and Reverses Adenosine‐Induced Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Wu Ye , Lin Jia‐Yi , Zhou Yu‐Dong , Liu Hai‐Jun , Lu Sheng‐Xin , Zhang Xiao‐Kun , Guan Ying‐Yun , Nagle Dale G. , Zhang Wei‐Dong , Chen Hong‐Zhuan , Luan Xin
Published: January 2024

The application of oncolytic peptides has become a powerful approach to induce complete and long‐lasting remission in multiple types of carcinomas, as affirmed by the appearance of tumor‐associated antigens and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in large quantities, which jumpstarts the cancer‐immunity cycle. However, the ATP breakdown product adenosine is a significant contributor to forming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which substantially weakens peptide‐driven oncolytic immunotherapy. In this study, a lipid‐coated micelle (CA@TLM) loaded with a stapled oncolytic peptide (PalAno) and an adenosine 2A receptor (A2AR) inhibitor (CPI‐444) is devised to enact tumor‐targeted oncolytic immunotherapy and to overcome adenosine‐mediated immune suppression simultaneously. The CA@TLM micelle accumulates in tumors with high efficiency, and the acidic tumor microenvironment prompts the rapid release of PalAno and CPI‐444. Subsequently, PalAno induces swift membrane lysis of tumor cells and the release of antigenic materials. Meanwhile, CPI‐444 blocks the activation of the immunosuppressive adenosine‐A2AR signaling pathway. This combined approach exhibits pronounced synergy at stalling tumor growth and metastasis in animal models for triple‐negative breast cancer and melanoma, providing a novel strategy for enhanced oncolytic immunotherapy.
Uncovering the Network Modifier for Highly Disordered Amorphous Li‐Garnet Glass‐Ceramics
Authors: Zhu Yuntong , Kennedy Ellis R. , Yasar Bengisu , Paik Haemin , Zhang Yaqian , Hood Zachary D. , Scott Mary , Rupp Jennifer L.M.
Published: January 2024

Highly disordered amorphous Li7La3Zr2O12 (aLLZO) is a promising class of electrolyte separators and protective layers for hybrid or all‐solid‐state batteries due to its grain‐boundary‐free nature and wide electrochemical stability window. Unlike low‐entropy ionic glasses such as LixPOyNz (LiPON), these medium‐entropy non‐Zachariasen aLLZO phases offer a higher number of stable structure arrangements over a wide range of tunable synthesis temperatures, providing the potential to tune the LBU‐Li+ transport relation. It is revealed that lanthanum is the active “network modifier” for this new class of highly disordered Li+ conductors, whereas zirconium and lithium serve as “network formers”. Specifically, within the solubility limit of La in aLLZO, increasing the La concentration can result in longer bond distances between the first nearest neighbors of Zr─O and La─O within the same local building unit (LBU) and the second nearest neighbors of Zr─La across two adjacent network‐former and network‐modifier LBUs, suggesting a more disordered medium‐ and long‐range order structure in LLZO. These findings open new avenues for future designs of amorphous Li+ electrolytes and the selection of network‐modifier dopants. Moreover, the wide yet relatively low synthesis temperatures of these glass‐ceramics make them attractive candidates for low‐cost and more sustainable hybrid‐ or all‐solid‐state batteries for energy storage.
Dibromomethane Knitted Highly Porous Hyper‐Cross‐Linked Polymers for Efficient High‐Pressure Methane Storage
Authors: Yang Shoukun , Zhong Zicheng , Hu Jiarui , Wang Xiaoyan , Tan Bien
Published: January 2024

Hyper‐cross‐linked polymers (HCPs) with ultra‐high porosity, superior physicochemical stability, and excellent cost‐effectiveness are attractive candidates for methane storage. However, the construction of HCPs with BET surface areas exceeding 3000 m2 g−1 remains extremely challenging. In this work, a newly developed DBM‐knitting method with a slow‐knitting rate is employed to increase the cross‐linking degree, in which dichloromethane (DCM) is replaced by dibromomethane (DBM) as both solvent and electrophilic cross‐linker, resulting in highly porous and physicochemically stable HCPs. The BET surface areas of DBM‐knitted SHCPs‐Br are 44%–120% higher than that of DCM‐knitted SHCPs‐Cl using the same building blocks. Remarkably, SHCP‐3‐Br exhibits an unprecedentedly high porosity (SBET = 3120 m2 g−1) among reported HCPs, and shows a competitive volumetric 5–100 bar working methane capacity of 191 cm3 (STP) cm−3 at 273 K calculated by using real packing density, which outperforms sate‐of‐art metal‐organic framework (MOFs) at comparable conditions. This facile and versatile low‐knitting‐rate strategy enables effective improvement in the porosity of HCPs for porosity‐desired applications.
γ‐Ray Irradiation Significantly Enhances Capacitive Energy Storage Performance of Polymer Dielectric Films
Authors: Wang Yiwei , Bao Zhiwei , Ding Song , Jia Jiangheng , Dai Zhizhan , Li Yaoxin , Shen Shengchun , Chu Songchao , Yin Yuewei , Li Xiaoguang
Published: January 2024

Polymer dielectric capacitors are fundamental in advanced electronics and power grids but suffer from low energy density, hindering miniaturization of compact electrical systems. It is shown that high‐energy and strong penetrating γ‐irradiation significantly enhances capacitive energy storage performance of polymer dielectrics. γ‐irradiated biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) films exhibit an extraordinarily high energy density of 10.4 J cm−3 at 968 MV m−1 with an efficiency of 97.3%. In particular, an energy density of 4.06 J cm−3 with an ultrahigh efficiency of 98% is reliably maintained through 20 000 charge–discharge cycles under 600 MV m−1. At 125 °C, the γ‐irradiated BOPP film still delivers a high discharged energy density of 5.88 J cm−3 with an efficiency of 90% at 770 MV m−1. Substantial improvements are also achieved for γ‐irradiated cycloolefin copolymers at a high temperature of 150 °C, verifying the strategy generalizability. Experimental and theoretical analyses reveal that the excellent performance should be related to the γ‐irradiation induced polar functional groups with high electron affinity in the molecular chain, which offer deep energy traps to impede charge transport. This work provides a simple and generally applicable strategy for developing high‐performance polymer dielectrics.
Tailoring Built‐In Electric Field in a Self‐Assembled Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework/MXene Nanocomposites for Microwave Absorption
Authors: Gao Zhenguo , Iqbal Aamir , Hassan Tufail , Hui Shengchong , Wu Hongjing , Koo Chong Min
Published: January 2024

Heterointerface engineering, which plays a pivotal role in developing advanced microwave‐absorbing materials, is employed to design zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)–MXene nanocomposites. The ZIF–MXene composites are prepared by electrostatic self‐assembly of negatively charged titanium carbide MXene flakes and positively charged Co‐containing ZIF nanomaterials. This approach effectively creates abundant Mott–Schottky heterointerfaces exhibiting a robust built‐in electric field (BIEF) effect, as evidenced by experimental and theoretical analyses, leading to a notable attenuation of electromagnetic energy. Systematic manipulation of the BIEF‐exhibiting heterointerface, achieved through topological modulation of the ZIF, proficiently alters charge separation, facilitates electron migration, and ultimately enhances polarization relaxation loss, resulting in exceptional electromagnetic wave absorption performance (reflection lossRLmin= −47.35 dB and effective absorption bandwidthfE= 6.32 GHz). The present study demonstrates an innovative model system for elucidating the interfacial polarization mechanisms and pioneers a novel approach to developing functional materials with electromagnetic characteristics through spatial charge engineering.
Mechanically and Thermally Robust Gel Electrolytes Built from A Charged Double Helical Polymer
Authors: Yu Deyang , Min Jungki , Lin Feng , Madsen Louis A.
Published: January 2024

Polymer electrolytes have received tremendous interest in the development of solid‐state batteries, but often fall short in one or more key properties required for practical applications. Herein, a rigid gel polymer electrolyte prepared by immobilizing a liquid mixture of a lithium salt and poly(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether with only 8 wt% poly(2,2′‐disulfonyl‐4,4′‐benzidine terephthalamide) (PBDT) is reported. The high charge density and rigid double helical structure of PBDT lead to formation of a nanofibrillar structure that endows this electrolyte with stronger mechanical properties, wider temperature window, and higher battery rate capability compared to all other poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)‐based electrolytes. The ion transport mechanism in this rigid polymer electrolyte is systematically studied using multiple complementary techniques. Li/LiFePO4 cells show excellent capacity retention over long‐term cycling, with thermal cycling reversibility between ambient temperature and elevated temperatures, demonstrating compelling potential for solid‐state batteries targeting fast charging at high temperatures and slower discharging at ambient temperature.
A Hybrid Pulsed Laser Deposition Approach to Grow Thin Films of Chalcogenides
Authors: Surendran Mythili , Singh Shantanu , Chen Huandong , Wu Claire , Avishai Amir , Shao Yu‐Tsun , Ravichandran Jayakanth
Published: January 2024

Vapor‐pressure mismatched materials such as transition metal chalcogenides have emerged as electronic, photonic, and quantum materials with scientific and technological importance. However, epitaxial growth of vapor‐pressure mismatched materials are challenging due to differences in the reactivity, sticking coefficient, and surface adatom mobility of the mismatched species constituting the material, especially sulfur containing compounds. Here, a novel approach is reported to grow chalcogenides—hybrid pulsed laser deposition—wherein an organosulfur precursor is used as a sulfur source in conjunction with pulsed laser deposition to regulate the stoichiometry of the deposited films. Epitaxial or textured thin films of sulfides with variety of structure and chemistry such as alkaline metal chalcogenides, main group chalcogenides, transition metal chalcogenides, and chalcogenide perovskites are demonstrated, and structural characterization reveal improvement in thin film crystallinity, and surface and interface roughness compared to the state‐of‐the‐art. The growth method can be broadened to other vapor‐pressure mismatched chalcogenides such as selenides and tellurides. This work opens up opportunities for broader epitaxial growth of chalcogenides, especially sulfide‐based thin film technological applications.
Topological Analysis and Structural Determination of 3D Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: Guo Zi'ang , Zhang Zeyue , Sun Junliang
Published: January 2024

3D covalent organic frameworks (3D COFs) constitute a new type of crystalline materials that consist of a range of porous structures with numerous applications in the fields of adsorption, separation, and catalysis. However, because of the complexity of the three‐periodic net structure, it is desirable to develop a thorough structural comprehension, along with a means to precisely determine the actual structure. Indeed, such advancements would considerably contribute to the rational design and application of 3D COFs. In this review, the reported topologies of 3D COFs are introduced and categorized according to the configurations of their building blocks, and a comprehensive overview of diffraction‐based structural determination methods is provided. The current challenges and future prospects for these materials will also be discussed.
Multiple Cations Nanoconfinement in Ultrathin V2O5 Nanosheets Enables Ultrafast Ion Diffusion Kinetics Toward High‐performance Zinc Ion Battery
Authors: Liu Yang , Lu Chengjie , Yang Yunting , Chen Wenshu , Ye Fei , Dong Hongliang , Wu Yuping , Ma Renzhi , Hu Linfeng
Published: January 2024

Nanoconfinement of cations in layered oxide cathode is an important approach to realize advanced zinc ion storage performance. However, thus far, the conventional hydrothermal/solvothermal route for this nanoconfinement has been restricted to its uncontrollable phase structure and the difficulty on the multiple cation co‐confinement simultaneously. Herein, this work reports a general, supramolecular self‐assembly of ultrathin V2O5 nanosheets using various unitary cations including Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Zn2+, Al3+, NH4+, and multiple cations (NH4+ + Na+, NH4+ + Na+ + Ca2+, NH4+ + Na+ + Ca2+ +Mg2+). The unitary cation confinement results in a remarkable increase in the specific capacity and Zn‐ion diffusion kinetics, and the multiple cation confinement gives rise to superior structural and cycling stability by multiple cation synergetic pillaring effect. The optimized diffusion coefficient of Zn‐ion (7.5 × 10−8 cm2 s−1) in this assembly series surpasses most of the V‐based cathodes reported up to date. The work develops a novel multiple‐cations nanoconfinement strategy toward high‐performance cathode for aqueous battery. It also provides new insights into the guest cation regulation of zinc‐ion diffusion kinetics through a general, supramolecular assembly pathway.
Eco‐Friendly Materials for a Zero E‐Waste Society: Challenges and Opportunities in Engineering Plastics
Authors: Lee Seunghyeon , Huang Minhu , Lee Junhyuk , Choi Howon , Jo Il‐Young , Na Hyeonjun , Lee Yongjin , Youk Ji Ho , Yoon Myung‐Han , Shim Bong Sup
Published: January 2024

This review addresses the environmental challenges arising from the proliferation of plastic and electronic waste (E‐waste), driven by global economic and demographic expansion. Since the 1950s, the mass production of plastics has seriously threatened global sustainability, lacking effective post‐use management. E‐waste worsens the issue due to low recyclability and high toxicity. Resolving this requires improving biodegradability. The paper explores eco‐friendly biodegradable materials for a zero‐e‐waste society, focusing on multifunctional plastics in electronics, providing a comprehensive guide to material selection, and illustrating novel concepts through recent trials. The goal is fully biodegradable electronics, but transitioning from conventional material systems is complex. Notably, rendering engineering plastics in electronics biodegradable surpasses simply substituting conventional plastics. Thus, it is delved into various research initiatives focused on biodegradable materials for electronics, highlighting a systematic approach toward creating a fully integrated, biodegradable electronic system. This includes exploring the mechanisms of biodegradation and the integration of printed circuit boards (PCBs), a critical component in electronics. Achieving this represents a challenging but promising step toward a sustainable electronic future.
Oxidative Stress Promotes Liver Cancer Metastasis via RNF25‐Mediated E‐Cadherin Protein Degradation
Authors: Huang Zhao , Zhou Li , Duan Jiufei , Qin Siyuan , Jiang Jingwen , Chen Haining , Wang Kui , Liu Rui , Yuan Minlan , Tang Xiangdong , Nice Edouard C. , Wei Yuquan , Zhang Wei , Huang Canhua
Published: January 2024

Loss of E‐cadherin (ECAD) is required in tumor metastasis. Protein degradation of ECAD in response to oxidative stress is found in metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is independent of transcriptional repression as usually known. Mechanistically, protein kinase A (PKA) senses oxidative stress by redox modification in its β catalytic subunit (PRKACB) at Cys200 and Cys344. The activation of PKA kinase activity subsequently induces RNF25 phosphorylation at Ser450 to initiate RNF25‐catalyzed degradation of ECAD. Functionally, RNF25 repression induces ECAD protein expression and inhibits HCC metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Altogether, these results indicate that RNF25 is a critical regulator of ECAD protein turnover, and PKA is a necessary redox sensor to enable this process. This study provides some mechanistic insight into how oxidative stress‐induced ECAD degradation promotes tumor metastasis of HCC.
MiR‐17‐5p‐engineered sEVs Encapsulated in GelMA Hydrogel Facilitated Diabetic Wound Healing by Targeting PTEN and p21
Authors: Wei Qian , Su Jianlong , Meng Sheng , Wang Yaxi , Ma Kui , Li Bingmin , Chu Ziqiang , Huang Qilin , Hu Wenzhi , Wang Zihao , Tian Lige , Liu Xi , Li Tanshi , Fu Xiaobing , Zhang Cuiping
Published: January 2024

Delayed wound healing is a major complication of diabetes, and is associated with impaired cellular functions. Current treatments are unsatisfactory. Based on the previous reports on microRNA expression in small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), miR‐17‐5p‐engineered sEVs (sEVs17‐OE) and encapsulated them in gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel for diabetic wounds treatment are fabricated. SEVs17‐OE are successfully fabricated with a 16‐fold increase in miR‐17‐5p expression. SEVs17‐OE inhibited senescence and promoted the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of high glucose‐induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HG‐HUVECs). Additionally, sEVs17‐OE also performs a promotive effect on high glucose‐induced human dermal fibroblasts (HG‐HDFs). Mechanism analysis showed the expressions of p21 and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), as the target genes of miR‐17‐5p, are downregulated significantly by sEVs17‐OE. Accordingly, the downstream genes and pathways of p21 and PTEN, are activated. Next, sEVs17‐OE are loaded in GelMA hydrogel to fabricate a novel bioactive wound dressing and to evaluate their effects on diabetic wound healing. Gel‐sEVs17‐OE effectively accelerated wound healing by promoting angiogenesis and collagen deposition. The cellular mechanism may be associated with local cell proliferation. Therefore, a novel bioactive wound dressing by loading sEVs17‐OE in GelMA hydrogel, offering an option for chronic wound management is successfully fabricated.
Polyanionic Cathode Materials: A Comparison Between Na‐Ion and K‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Huang Hanjiao , Wu Xiaowei , Gao Yanjun , Li Zongyou , Wang Wei , Dong Wenshuai , Song Qingyi , Gan Songjie , Zhang Jianguo , Yu Qiyao
Published: January 2024

Sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) and potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) are considered the next‐generation candidates for future energy storage systems to partially substitute commercial lithium‐ion batteries because of their abundant sodium/potassium reserves, cost‐effectiveness, and high safety. Polyanionic cathode materials are widely used in alkali ion batteries due to their stable structural framework, high thermal stability, excellent alkali ion diffusion kinetics, and adjustable working voltage. Generally, the polyanionic cathodes used for SIBs surpass PIBs in the aspect of energy density and cycle life in most cases, however, the PIBs also have their unique advantages that are seldom reported. To this end, the polyanionic materials are classified by the valence states of active metal sites, the storage mechanism of Na+ and K+ in different crystal structures is summarized, and the electrochemical performance between SIBs and PIBs is compared. Particularly, some unique advantages of polyanionic cathodes in PIBs, such as high working voltage, superior rate capability, and excellent capacity retention are revealed, and the possible reasons are discussed in detail. Finally, various viable solutions are proposed to improve the battery performance of polyanionic compounds for future development.
Review on Multiple‐Degree‐of‐Freedom Cross‐Scale Piezoelectric Actuation Technology
Authors: Chang Qingbing , Chen Weishan , Zhang Shijing , Deng Jie , Liu Yingxiang
Published: January 2024

Piezoelectric actuation technology has been widely used in various precise‐oriented fields. Its notable advantages include high resolution, rapid response speed, output force with high density, and immunity to electromagnetic interference. Characteristics of cross‐scale and multiple‐degree‐of‐freedom (multi‐DOF) output motions are of utmost importance in the context of micro‐/nanopositioning technology. For decades, researchers have been working to develop various piezoelectric devices that exploit these important properties. In this review, a comprehensive review of recent research efforts in the field of cross‐scale multi‐DOF piezoelectric drive technology is provided. To commence, it provides an in‐depth exploration of the unique advantages associated with piezoelectric actuation, demonstrating them through comparative analyses with alternative actuation methods. Subsequently, the complexity of piezoelectric cross‐scale motion is introduced, and the multi‐DOF piezoelectric motion is classified in detail. Furthermore, the practical applications of multi‐DOF cross‐scale piezoelectric actuation technology are systematically elucidated, highlighting its versatility and suitability in real‐world environments. Finally, an in‐depth discussion that addresses the challenges encountered in the field is provided, and the prospective directions for further developments in piezoelectric actuation technology are outlined. This scholarly contribution plays an important role in guiding future research and innovative initiatives.
Zinc (II) complexes with Schiff bases obtained from N‐[2‐(cyclohexyliminomethyl)‐ or 2‐(4‐cyclohexylphenyliminomethyl) phenyl]‐4‐methylbenzenesulfonamides and their application as highly luminescent blue emitters for OLEDs
Authors: Burlov Anatolii S. , Koshchienko Yurii V. , Vlasenko Valery G. , Demidov Oleg P. , Chaltsev Bogdan V. , Kiskin Mikhail A. , Garnovskii Dmitrii A. , Kolodina Alexandra A. , Gusev Alexey N. , Braga Elena V. , Nauhatsky Igor A. , Linert Wolfgang
Published: January 2024

Two new Schiff base compounds of N‐{2‐[(E)‐сyclohexyliminomethyl]phenyl}‐4‐methylbenzenesulfonamide, N‐{2‐[(E)‐(4‐сyclohexylphenyl)iminomethyl]phenyl}‐4‐methylbenzenesulfonamide and their Zn(II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT‐IR and UV–Vis spectra, and single crystal X‐ray determination. In both complexes, Zn2+ ions have a tetrahedral environment with two nitrogen atoms of the tosylamide groups and two nitrogen atoms of the imine fragment. Time‐dependent density functional theory calculations have been performed on two zinc(II) complexes in order to assign their experimental UV–visible absorption bands. Zinc(II) complexes showed thermal stability up to 335–340°C under a nitrogen atmosphere by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The photoluminescent spectra show that both Zn(II) complexes in the solid state at room temperature emit blue luminescence with high emission quantum yields of 20% and 29%. The doped devices with configurations of indium tin oxide (ITO)/poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/N,N′‐Di(1‐naphthyl)‐N,N′‐diphenyl‐(1,1′‐biphenyl)‐4,4′‐diamine (NPD)/4,4′‐N,N′ ‐dicarbazolebiphenyl (CBP):Zinc(II) complex (5%)/1,3,5‐tris(N‐phenylbenzimidazole‐2‐yl) benzene (TPBI)/LiF/Al have been fabricated and investigated. The doped device based on the complex with the сyclohexylphenyl substituent of the ligand showed the best electroluminescent characteristics with maximum brightness Lmax of 3415 cd/m2, maximum current efficiency of 2.8 cd/A, and power efficiency of 1.9 lm/W, while the doped device with emitter on the base of the complex with the сyclohexyl substituent showed slightly worse electroluminescence (EL) performance with Lmax of 2105 cd/m2, maximum current efficiency of 2.1 cd/A, and power efficiency of 1.6 lm/W.
Crystal Engineering and Self‐Assembled Nanoring Formation with Purine‐CdII/HgII Supramolecular Frameworks
Authors: Avasthi Ilesha , Muthukumaran R. , Prajapati Rajneesh K. , Sankararamakrishnan Ramasubbu , Verma Sandeep
Published: January 2024

We report three complexes of CdII and HgII with two purine rare tautomers, N9‐(pyridin‐2‐ylmethyl)‐N6‐methoxyadenine, L1 and N7‐(pyridin‐2‐ylmethyl)‐N6‐methoxyadenine, L2, highlighting diverse crystallographic signatures exhibited by them. Influence of substituents, binding sites, steric effects and metal salts on the different modes of binding enabled an insight into metal‐nucleobase interactions. L1 interacted with two and three equivalents of Cd(NO3)2.4H2O and HgCl2, respectively, while L2 interacted with two equivalents of HgCl2, altogether leading to three different complexes (1 [C48H48Cd6N34O50], 2 [C12H12Cl4Hg2N6O] and 3 [C12H12Cl2HgN6O]) possessing varied dimensionality and stabilising interactions. The photoluminescent properties of these coordination frameworks have also been probed. Notably, nanoring‐like structures were obtained, as a result of self‐assembly of 3 when investigated by transmission electron microscopy, additionally supported by molecular dynamics simulations.
A bumpless transfer piecewise filtering approach for fault detection of switched linear systems
Authors: Liang Zhanhong , Gao Jinfeng , Yao Lina
Published: January 2024

This study focuses on bumpless transfer (BT) fault detection in switched linear systems operating under mode‐dependent average dwell time (MDADT) switching. We propose a piecewise fault detection filter (FDF) inspired by the segmentation concept inherent in the multiple discontinuous Lyapunov function (MDLF) approach. This filter generates a residual signal that effectively minimizes the amplitude of residual bumps, surpassing the performance of traditional non‐piecewise FDFs. We introduce a new definition of residual BT performance, aimed at reducing residual bump amplitude during filter transitions. The goal is to design the piecewise FDF such that the augmented system maintains asymptotic stability with weighted performance, while also meeting the residual BT performance criteria. The feasibility of achieving BT fault detection filtering is established through linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), leveraging the MDLF and MDADT strategies. The efficacy and benefits of the proposed BT piecewise FDF design are demonstrated through simulations on a boost converter.
Exploring teachers' views of cultural capital in English schools
Authors: Bates Gareth , Connolly Steve
Published: January 2024

This paper aims to raise questions about the role that cultural capital might have to play in English schooling. With the term being used by both the Department for Education and the Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted, the English schools' inspectorate) as a means of describing certain key characteristics of a school's curriculum, the authors of this paper consider what the term actually now means in this educational context. To ground this consideration in a real‐world context, we present some data from a 2‐year study, which evaluated an intervention programme for disadvantaged young people in one English local authority. One aspect of this programme was the development of cultural capital for disadvantaged young people, and in the course of the evaluation a number of teachers were interviewed about how they saw this role and what cultural capital meant to them. As we explore in the paper, while English policymakers' and regulators' views of cultural capital are both narrow and perhaps, in some senses, deviate from both traditional and contemporary definitions of the term, teachers take a much richer and more flexible approach to the idea. With this in mind, we explore both the term itself and what it means for these teachers.
Context matters: Conceptualising and operationalising the contextual prevention of child sexual abuse
Authors: Rayment‐McHugh Susan , McKillop Nadine , Adams Dimity , Higgins Daryl J. , Russell Douglas H.
Published: January 2024

There is growing recognition of the contextual dynamics of child sexual abuse, with a developing evidence base supporting it, sparking calls to ensure prevention efforts are contextualised. Contextual approaches extend the focus of prevention beyond the individual, to include immediate situations, and the physical and social contexts in which abuse occurs. Although academic and industry support for contextual approaches is gaining momentum, there is no consistent definition of contextual prevention nor operational clarity currently available to inform research, policy and practice. This contributes to a lack of policy guidance and practice consistency; also impeding much needed evaluation research, and likely slowing scholarly and practice uptake. In this article, we address this important gap. Based on a critical review of relevant literature, we propose a conceptual definition of contextual prevention and its operationalisation and provide a framework and guidance for policymakers and practitioners tasked with protecting children from child sexual abuse.
Sleep health, nutrition, and cardiometabolic risk
Authors: Wagner Elizabeth S. , Fox Katelyn , Parent Justin
Published: January 2024

Sleep deficiencies (e.g., insufficient sleep, irregular timing of sleep, poor quality of sleep) in childhood are highly prevalent and have consistently been shown to negatively impact both physical and mental health. Adverse outcomes of childhood sleep deficiencies include higher rates of obesity, depression, anxiety, and emotional dysregulation (Palmer et al., 2023). Importantly, research has shown that sleep difficulties often precede the development of these adverse health outcomes and represent a modifiable risk factor (McMakin & Alfano, 2015). Given that sleep is a critical element of a child's life, good and sufficient sleep (quality and quantity) should be given extra attention by parents to help their children thrive, and to limit the chance that their child develops severe and less modifiable mental or physical health issues (Meltzer et al., 2021). Sleep is, therefore, a critical dimension of a child's health that should be given attention, especially for those at high risk for the development of obesity and related cardiometabolic sequelae.
Percutaneous mechanical aspiration in patients with right‐sided infective endocarditis: An analysis of the national inpatient sample database—2016–2020
Authors: Haddad Sara F. , Lahr Brian D. , El Sabbagh Abdallah , Wilson Walter R. , Chesdachai Supavit , DeSimone Daniel C. , Baddour Larry M.
Published: January 2024

Background

Given the challenges of conventional therapies in managing right‐sided infective endocarditis (RSIE), percutaneous mechanical aspiration (PMA) of vegetations has emerged as a novel treatment option. Data on trends, characteristics, and outcomes of PMA, however, have largely been limited to case reports and case series.

Aims:

The aim of the current investigation was to provide a descriptive analysis of PMA in the United States and to profile the frequency of PMA with a temporal analysis and the patient cohort.

Methods

The International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes were used to identify patients with RSIE in the national (nationwide) inpatient sample (NIS) database between 2016 and 2020. The clinical characteristics and temporal trends of RSIE hospitalizations in patients who underwent PMA was profiled.

Results

An estimated 117,955 RSIE‐related hospital admissions in the United States over the 5‐year study period were estimated and 1675 of them included PMA. Remarkably, the rate of PMA for RSIE increased 4.7‐fold from 2016 (0.56%) to 2020 (2.62%). Patients identified with RSIE who had undergone PMA were young (medial age 36.5 years) and had few comorbid conditions (median Charlson Comorbidity Index, 0.6). Of note, 36.1% of patients had a history of hepatitis C infection, while only 9.9% of patients had a cardiovascular implantable electronic device. Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant (61.8%) pathogen. Concomitant transvenous lead extraction and cardiac valve surgery during the PMA hospitalization were performed in 18.2% and 8.4% of admissions, respectively. The median hospital stay was 19.0 days, with 6.0% in‐hospital mortality.

Conclusions

The marked increase in the number of PMA procedures in the United States suggests that this novel treatment option has been embraced as a useful tool in select cases of RSIE. More work is needed to better define indications for the procedure and its efficacy and safety.
Insight into structure evolution of carbon nitrides and its energy conversion as luminescence
Authors: Zhang Hao , Zhang Jingwei , Chen Wenjie , Tao Minjia , Meng Xianguang , Zhang Yuanjian , Zuo Guifu
Published: January 2024

A series of carbon nitride (CN) materials represented by graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) have been widely used in bioimaging, biosensing, and other fields in recent years due to their nontoxicity, low cost, and high luminescent quantum efficiency. What is more attractive is that the luminescent properties such as wavelength and intensity can be regulated by controlling the structure at the molecular level. Hence, it is time to summarize the related research on CN structural evolution and make a prospect on future developments. In this review, we first summarize the research history and multiple structural evolution of CN. Then, the progress of improving the luminescence performance of CN through structural evolution was discussed. Significantly, the relationship between CN structure evolution and energy conversion in the forms of photoluminescence, chemiluminescence, and electrochemiluminescence was reviewed. Finally, key challenges and opportunities such as nanoscale dispersion strategy, luminous efficiency improving methods, standardization evaluation, and macroscopic preparation of CN are highlighted.
Building Fe atom–cluster composite sites using a site occupation strategy to boost electrochemical oxygen reduction
Authors: Zhou Tingyi , Guan Yi , He Changjie , Zhang Lei , Sun Xueliang , Song Zhongxin , Zhang Qianling , He Chuanxin , Jiang Xiantao , Luo Zhaoyan , Xing Wei , Ren Xiangzhong
Published: January 2024

The high‐temperature pyrolysis process for preparing M–N–C single‐atom catalyst usually results in high heterogeneity in product structure concurrently contains multiscale metal phases from single atoms (SAs), atomic clusters to nanoparticles. Therefore, understanding the interactions among these components, especially the synergistic effects between single atomic sites and cluster sites, is crucial for improving the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity of M–N–C catalysts. Accordingly, herein, we constructed a model catalyst composed of both atomically dispersed FeN4 SA sites and adjacent Fe clusters through a site occupation strategy. We found that the Fe clusters can optimize the adsorption strength of oxygen reduction intermediates on FeN4 SA sites by introducing electron‐withdrawing –OH ligands and decreasing the d‐band center of the Fe center. The as‐developed catalyst exhibits encouraging ORR activity with half‐wave potentials (E1/2) of 0.831 and 0.905 V in acidic and alkaline media, respectively. Moreover, the catalyst also represents excellent durability exceeding that of Fe–N–C SA catalyst. The practical application of Fe(Cd)–CNx catalyst is further validated by its superior activity and stability in a metal–air battery device. Our work exhibits the great potential of synergistic effects between multiphase metal species for improvements of single‐atom site catalysts.
Combined Covalent and Supramolecular Polymerization to Reinforce Perylenebisimide Photosynthetic “Quantasomes”
Authors: Ranscht Alisa , Rigodanza Francesco , Gobbato Thomas , Crea Ilaria , Quadrelli Elsje Alessandra , Canivet Jerome , Bonchio Marcella
Published: January 2024

PSII‐inspired quantasomes have emerged as promising artificial photosystems evolving oxygen from water due to their integrated multi‐chromophore asset, hierarchical architecture, and efficient light‐harvesting capabilities. In this study, we adopt a combined covalent and supramolecular strategy by implementing a poly‐styrene backbone that reinforces proximity and pairing between adjacent perylenebisimide (PBI) quantasome units. The covalent fixation of the quantasome network results in a significant enhancement of the photoelectrocatalytic performance on engineered IO‐ITO photoanodes, with up to 290 % photocurrent increase (J up to 100 μA cm−2, λ >450 nm, applied bias <1.23 V vs RHE, F.E.O2 >80 %) compared to the non‐polymerized analog. Moreover, the direct PBI‐quantasome polymerization on the photoanode surface was performed by light irradiation of the radical initiator 2,2’‐Azobis(2‐methylpropionamidine), improving the photoelectrode robustness under high solar irradiance (>8 suns) and limiting the photocurrent loss (<20 %) at 1.52 V vs RHE compared to the non‐polymerized system.
Organic Molecules Mimic Alkali Metals Enabling Spontaneous Harpoon Reactions with Halogens
Authors: Cao Wenjin , Wang Xue‐Bin
Published: January 2024

The harpoon mechanism has been a milestone in molecular reaction dynamics. Until now, the entity from which electron harpooning occurs has been either alkali metal atoms or non‐metallic analogs in their excited states. In this work, we demonstrate that a common organic molecule, octamethylcalix[4] pyrrole (omC4P), behaves just like alkali metal atoms, enabling the formation of charge‐separated ionic bonding complexes with halogens omC4P+ ⋅ X− (X=F−I, SCN) via the harpoon mechanism. Their electronic structures and chemical bonding were determined by cryogenic photoelectron spectroscopy of the corresponding anions and confirmed by theoretical analyses. The omC4P+ ⋅ X− could be visualized to form from the reactants omC4P+X via electron harpooning from omC4P to X at a distance defined by the energy difference between the ionization potential of omC4P and electron affinity of X.