bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Why do healthcare professionals fail to escalate as per the Early Warning System (EWS) protocol? A qualitative evidence synthesis of the barriers and facilitators of escalation
Authors: Neill Sinead M O , Clyne Barbara , Bell Miriam , Casey Avilene , Leen Brendan , Smith Susan M , Ryan Mairin , O’Neill Michelle
Published: January 2021

Background: Early warning systems (EWSs) are used to assist clinical judgment in the detection of acute deterioration to avoid or reduce adverse events including unanticipated cardiopulmonary arrest, admission to the intensive care unit and death. Sometimes healthcare professionals (HCPs) do not trigger the alarm and escalate for help according to the EWS protocol and it is unclear why this is the case. The aim of this qualitative evidence synthesis was to answer the question ‘why do HCPs fail to escalate care according to EWS protocols?’ The findings will inform the update of the National Clinical Effectiveness Committee (NCEC) National Clinical Guideline No. 1 Irish National Early Warning System (INEWS). Methods: A systematic search of the published and grey literature was conducted (until February 2018). Data extraction and quality appraisal were conducted by two reviewers independently using standardised data extraction forms and quality appraisal tools. A thematic synthesis was conducted by two reviewers of the qualitative studies included and categorized into the barriers and facilitators of escalation. GRADE CERQual was used to assess the certainty of the evidence.Results: Eighteen studies incorporating a variety of HCPs across seven countries were included. The barriers and facilitators to the escalation of care according to EWS protocols were developed into five overarching themes: Governance, Rapid Response Team (RRT) Response, Professional Boundaries, Clinical Experience, and EWS parameters. Barriers to escalation included: Lack of Standardisation, Resources, Lack of accountability, RRT behaviours, Fear, Hierarchy, Increased Conflict, Over confidence, Lack of confidence, and Patient variability. Facilitators included: Accountability, Standardisation, Resources, RRT behaviours, Expertise, Additional support, License to escalate, Bridge across boundaries, Clinical confidence, Empowerement, Clinical judgment, and a tool for detecting deterioration. These are all individual yet inter-related barriers and facilitators to escalation. Conclusions: The findings of this qualitative evidence synthesis provide insight into the real world experience of HCPs when using EWSs. This in turn has the potential to inform policy-makers and HCPs as well as hospital management about emergency response system-related issues in practice and the changes needed to address barriers and facilitators and improve patient safety and quality of care.
ACTN1 supports tumor growth by inhibiting Hippo signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma 
Authors: Chen Qian , Zhou Xiao-Wei , Zhang Ai-Jun , He Kang
Published: January 2021

Background: Alpha actinins (ACTNs) are major cytoskeletal proteins and exhibit many non-muscle functions. Emerging evidence have uncovered the regulatory role of ACTNs in tumorigenesis, however, the expression pattern, biological functions, and underlying mechanism of ACTN1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain largely unexplored. Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis of a HCC tissue microarray (n = 157) was performed to determine the expression pattern and prognostic value of ACTN1 in HCC. In vitro loss-of-function study in HCC cells were carried out to investigate ACTN1 knockdown on cell proliferation. In vivo subcutaneous xenograft model and intrahepatic transplantation model were generated to decipher the contribution of ACTN1 in the tumor growth of HCC. Gene set enrichment analysis, quantitative real-time PCR, Co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence and western blotting were performed to identify the underlying molecular mechanism. Results: It was found that ACTN1 was significantly upregulated in HCC tissues and closely related to llpha-fetoprotein level, tumor thrombus, tumor size, TNM stage and patient prognoses. Knockdown of ACTN1 suppressed in vitro cell proliferation and in vivo tumor growth of HCC cells. Mechanistically, knockdown of ACTN1 increased Hippo signaling pathway activity and decreased Rho GTPases activities. Mechanistically, ACTN1 could competitively interact with MOB1 and decrease the phosphorylation of LATS1 and YAP. The growth-promoting effect induced by ACTN1 was significantly abrogated by pharmacological inhibition of YAP with verteporfin or super-TDU. Conclusions: ACTN1 is highly expressed in HCC tissues and acts as a tumor promoter by suppressing Hippo signaling via physical interaction with MOB1. ACTN1 may serve as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for HCC.
A cost analysis to address issues of budget constraints on the implementation of the indoor residual spray programme in two districts of Maputo Province, Mozambique
Authors: Canana Neide
Published: January 2021

Background It is frequently said that funding is essential to ensure optimal results from a malaria intervention control. However, in recent years, the capacity of the government of Mozambique to sustain the operational cost of Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) is facing numerous challenges due to restrictions of the Official Development Assistance. The purpose of the study was to estimate the cost of IRS operationalization in two districts of Maputo Province (Matutuíne and Namaacha) in Mozambique. The evidence produced in this study intends to provide decision-makers with insight into where they need to pay close attention in future planning in order to operationalize IRS with the existent budget in the actual context of budget restrictions. Methods Cost information was collected retrospectively from the provider perspective, and both economic and financial costs were calculated. A “one-way” deterministic sensitivity analysis was performed. Results The average economic costs totaled US$117,351.34, with an average economic cost per household sprayed of US$16.35, and an average economic cost per person protected of US$4.09. The average financial cost totaled US$69,174.83, with an average financial cost per household sprayed and per person protected of US$9.84 and US$2.46, respectively. Vehicle, salary, and insecticide costs were the greatest contributors to overall cost in the economic and financial analysis, corresponding to 52%, 17%, and 13% in the economic analysis and 21%, 27%, and 22% in the financial analysis, respectively. The sensitivity analysis was adapted to a range of ± (above and under) 25% change. There was an approximate change of 14% in the average economic cost when vehicle costs were decreased by 25%. In the financial analysis, the average financial cost was lowered by 7% when salary costs were decreased by 25%. Conclusion Altogether, the current cost analysis provides an impetus for the consideration of targeted IRS operationalization within the available governmental budget, by using locally-available human resources as spray operators to decrease costs and having IRS rounds be correctly timed to coincide with the build-up of vector populations.
Czy radykalna histerektomia uwzględniająca morfogenezę tkanek (total mesometrial resection-TMMR) z terapeutyczną limfadenektomią (therapeutic lymph node dissection-tLND) wg M.Höckel znajdzie swoje miejsce w chirurgicznym leczeniu raka szyjki macicy
Authors: Kaźmierczak Kamila , Cholewiński Witold , Nowakowski Błażej
Published: January 2021

Koncepcja i technika radykalnego wycięcia macicy została stworzona pod koniec XIX wieku na podstawie ówczesnej wiedzy na temat szerzenia się nowotworów.

Na przestrzeni lat celem ograniczenia skali objawów ubocznych następowały kolejne modyfikacje techniki radykalnej histerektomii, jednak wciąż na podstawie tego samego modelu rozprzestrzeniania się nowotworu odnoszącego się do przypadkowego naciekania okolicznych tkanek promowanego zmniejszonym oporem mechanicznym.

W 2003 roku po raz pierwszy prof. M.Höckel przedstawił nową koncepcję radykalnej histerektomii, która powstała w wyniku badań nad miejscowym rozwojem guza.

Technika radykalnej histerektomii uwzględniająca morfogenezę tkanek-TMMR wg M.Höckel  z terapeutyczną limfadenektomią -tLND w porównaniu do innych sposobów radykalnego leczenia operacyjnego poza utrzymaniem zakresu skuteczności onkologicznej z jednoczesnym oszczędzeniem unerwienia wegetatywnego pozwala na poprawę indeksu terapeutycznego w guzach z niekorzystnymi czynnikami prognostycznymi, jednocześnie dając małą liczbę pooperacyjnych powikłań.

Należy także podkreślić, że zasadniczą cechą wyróżniającą TMMR z tLND w porównaniu do klasycznej radykalnej histerektomii jest możliwość odstąpienie od leczenia uzupełniającego promieniami bez wpływu na wyniki odległe.
Empirical equation for the correction of fluorescence quenching of proteinaceous substance by Suwannee river natural organic matter
Authors: Saipetch Kornravee , Khanal Rajendra , Yoshimura Chihiro
Published: January 2021

Fluorescence quenching of proteinaceous substances by natural organic matter is a well-known phenomenon, but there are no known methods for correcting it. The main objective of this research was to develop an empirical equation to correct the fluorescence quenching of different concentrations of bovine serum albumin (BSA – 0.15, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.25 μmol/L (μM)) by Suwannee river natural organic matter (SWNOM - 0,2,4,6,8,10 mg-C/L) using the fluorescence titration method. The excitation emission matrix (EEM) data were analyzed by parallel factor analysis with inner filter effect removal. With increasing SWNOM concentration, BSA peak intensity quenching was in the range 29–85%, with a linear relationship for increment of either BSA or SWNOM concentration. A higher ratio of SWNOM to BSA resulted in greater BSA peak intensity quenching. The unquenched BSA peak (BSA (RU)) is given by the empirical equation.

The calculated unquenched BSA peak intensities using the empirical equation agreed well with the actual unquenched peak values (R2 = 0.98, mean absolute error = 0.33 RU). The equation is expected to help in rapid estimation of the quenching effect of SWNOM on BSA.
Biosorption of cationic and anionic dyes using the biomass of Aspergillus parasiticus CBS 100926T
Authors: Bouras Hadj Daoud , RédaYeddou Ahmed , Bouras Noureddine , Chergui Abdelmalek , Favier Lidia , Amrane Abdeltif , Dizge Nadir
Published: January 2021

Aspergillus parasiticus (A. parasiticus) CBS 100926T was used as a biosorbent for the removal of Methylene Blue (MB), Congo Red (CR), Sudan Black (SB), Malachite Green Oxalate (MGO), Basic Fuchsin (BF) and Phenol Red (PR) from aqueous solutions. The batch biosorption studies were carried out as a function of dye concentration and contact time. The biosorption process followed the pseudo-first-order and the pseudo-second-order kinetic models and the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. The resulting biosorbent was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffractometer and Fourier Transformer Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. The results of the present investigation suggest that A. parasiticus can be used as an environmentally benign and low cost biomaterial for the removal of basic and acid dyes from aqueous solution.
Análise da eficiência dos municípios sergipanos: comparação entre notas da prova Brasil e recursos destinados à educação
Authors: Galvão Nadielli Maria dos Santos
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar o nível de eficiência dos municípios sergipanos em promover bons índices educacionais com os recursos destinados a esse setor.

Método: Para tal, realizou-se uma pesquisa com metodologia quantitativa aplicando a Análise Envoltória de Dados como técnica para mensuração do desempenho das cidades investigadas.

Resultados: Os resultados apontaram para o fato de que gastar mais não garante um bom desempenho educacional, pois municípios com orçamentos mais enxutos conseguem alcançar melhores resultados no setor discutido. Com os alvos traçados pela análise, a proposta para os municípios ineficientes foi manter os recursos ou até diminuir, mas sempre aumentar as notas no Prova Brasil.

Contribuições do estudo: O estudo pode ser considerado uma ferramenta de consulta para que os gestores municipais tracem estratégias visando a eficiência no consumo de recursos e também a entrega de melhores serviços à comunidade. Adicionalmente serve de apoio para que a sociedade perceba como tem sido o desempenho de sua localidade e assim ter subsídios para cobrar das autoridades uma maior transparência.
Características associadas ao nível de evidenciação das receitas de contratos com clientes das companhias de capital aberto brasileiras
Authors: Aparecida Augusto Joice , Melo de Souza Maíra
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo identificar características associadas com o nível de evidenciação das receitas de contratos com clientes nas companhias de capital aberto brasileiras.

Metodologia: Visando mensurar o nível de evidenciação, foi elaborada uma lista de verificação com base nos itens de exigências de divulgação estabelecidos pelo CPC 47. Posteriormente, foram analisadas as notas explicativas integrantes às demonstrações contábeis de 309 companhias listadas na Bolsa de Valores Brasil, Bolsa e Balcão (B3). As características utilizadas para analisar possível associação com o nível de evidenciação das receitas de contratos com clientes foram: valor da receita líquida, setor de atuação, nível de governança corporativa, empresa de auditoria e companhias brasileiras listadas na New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). A pesquisa se classifica como qualitativa, descritiva e a obtenção dos dados foi por meio documental.

Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram que o nível de evidenciação das companhias é relativamente baixo na maioria dos itens da lista de verificação. Já em relação as características analisadas, o setor que apresentou a maior média de nível de evidenciação foi o de telecomunicações. As empresas que participam de algum dos segmentos governança corporativa, as auditadas pelas Big Four e aquelas que são listadas na NYSE, indicaram, na amostra analisada, uma tendência de associação com o nível de evidenciação. Em relação ao valor da receita líquida, constatou-se que as companhias que possuem uma maior receita líquida obtiveram um maior nível de evidenciação das receitas de contratos com clientes.

Contribuições do Estudo: A realização da presente pesquisa contribui com o tema evidenciação contábil, visto que demonstra como as companhias de capital aberto brasileiras estão evidenciando suas receitas de contratos de clientes, mediante a adoção do pronunciamento CPC 47.
A adequação dos grandes municípios brasileiros na divulgação das informações de margem de expansão das despesas conforme a LRF
Authors: Simões Belote Guilherme , Rocha de Azevedo Ricardo
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo é verificar a adequação dos grandes municípios do Brasil na divulgação das informações no anexo da margem de expansão das despesas obrigatórias de caráter continuado (DOCC), previsto pela Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal (LRF).

Metodologia: Foi realizada uma análise dos anexos de despesas obrigatórias (DOCC) publicados no portal da transparência dos municípios com população superior a 500 mil habitantes (41 municípios) entre 2017 a 2019. A análise observou: (i) a adequação das despesas em relação às receitas; (ii) notas explicativas dos anexos; (iii) variação das informações do relatório ao longo dos três anos e (vi) o conteúdo informacional presente nos anexos. Adicionalmente, foi desenvolvido um índice de adequação do demonstrativo, para apoiar a resposta da questão de pesquisa proposta.

Resultados: Os resultados indicam que a adequação do demonstrativo é baixa e não houve melhora ao longo dos períodos considerados entre os casos analisados. A proporção de prefeituras com utilização de notas explicativas sobre essas informações é baixa (51%), e dentre aqueles que apresentaram algum tipo de informação detalhada, apenas 31% explicaram as origens das receitas que serviram como base de cálculo para a margem de expansão das despesas.

Contribuições do Estudo: As conclusões apontam que o relatório vem sendo divulgado cerimonialmente, para fins de cumprimento de prazos. Como esse anexo acompanha o projeto de lei da LDO anual, sua aprovação pelo Poder Legislativo mesmo o baixo conteúdo informacional, ou seja, sem que seja possível compreender seu conteúdo, indica baixa atenção do Legislativo na importância desse controle. Os resultados trazem implicações para a gestão fiscal dos municípios, na medida em que as evidências apontam as fragilidades em seu planejamento fiscal, ao não controlar o crescimento de despesas obrigatórias.
Uma análise da eficiência dos gastos públicos com educação nos municípios do Estado do Amazonas no período de 2013 a 2017
Authors: De Sousa Mayara Guimarães , Macedo Velloso dos Santos Carla , Teixeira Alves Adenes , Martins do Carmo Filho Manoel
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Este artigo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência dos gastos públicos dos municípios do Estado do Amazonas com o ensino fundamental nos anos de 2013 a 2017 por meio da construção de um ranking da eficiência dos municípios relacionando os resultados obtidos no Ideb por cada município no período, sob a contrapartida dos valores das despesas liquidadas com educação fundamental, média de alunos matriculados no período, gasto médio por aluno e PIB per capita de cada município.

Metodologia: Para avaliar a eficiência dos 37 municípios amazonenses da amostra, utilizou-se a técnica Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA). As variáveis analisadas compreendem os dados municipais referentes ao Produto Interno Bruto (PIB), número de habitantes, número de estudantes matriculados, gasto com educação e as notas do Ideb para o período.

Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que somente  oito municípios (21,6%) foram classificados como eficientes e que esses municípios foram aqueles com as piores condições de partida, em termos de riqueza média e desempenho educacional, e que realizaram os menores gastos por aluno matriculado, o que reafirma a constatação de retornos decrescentes de escala em educação. Já os municípios menos eficientes foram aqueles com a melhor condição de partida em termos de PIB per capita e que apresentaram elevados gastos por aluno, mas que alcançaram os piores desempenhos no Ideb de 2017.

Contribuições do Estudo: Considerando os valores gastos pelos municípios amazonenses com educação fundamental, levando em consideração o porte e o desempenho no Ideb de cada município no período em análise, a pesquisa procura demonstrar a eficiência na aplicação dos gastos com educação fundamental, fornecendo informações úteis e relevantes para uma alocação mais qualificada e eficiente dos recursos públicos em educação proporcionando melhorias nos aspectos sociais da população.
Institucionalização de regras e rotinas da contabilidade gerencial em uma fundação privada educacional catarinense: abordagem institucional do terceiro setor brasileiro
Authors: Innocenti Renicia Maria , Lunkes Rogério João , Gasparetto Valdirene
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Verificar a mudança de regras e rotinas da contabilidade gerencial de uma organização do terceiro setor à luz da Velha Economia Institucional (OIE).

Metodologia: Para analisar a mudança institucional da contabilidade gerencial foi realizada pesquisa documental, descritiva e com abordagem qualitativa. A pesquisa foi aplicada em uma fundação privada educacional catarinense, selecionada por ser entidade integrante do terceiro setor e pela acessibilidade. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas e documentos, entre os meses de setembro de 2018 e fevereiro de 2019. Para análise dos dados foi utilizada a análise qualitativa de conteúdo.

Resultados: Na abordagem institucional, a mudança da contabilidade gerencial da Fundação foi classificada como formal, revolucionária e progressiva. A institucionalização de regras e rotinas da contabilidade gerencial foi promovida pela necessidade da gestão de ter ferramentas mais ágeis e seguras para apoiar a tomada de decisão. As regras e rotinas da contabilidade gerencial foram modificadas e/ou abandonadas, ao longo do tempo, com a reconfiguração das práticas existentes, para sua inovação. A integração de sistemas da Fundação a partir da padronização e compartilhamento de informações contábeis e fiscais proporcionou melhoria na qualidade das informações, melhor integração com o fisco e rapidez no acesso às informações, suscitando controles mais eficientes, seguros e úteis à gestão.

Contribuições do Estudo: A pesquisa contribui para a literatura contábil por apresentar evidências empíricas sobre o processo de institucionalização da contabilidade gerencial ao longo do tempo, em organizações do terceiro setor brasileiro, sugerindo novos estudos. Como contribuição prática, tem-se a possibilidade de aperfeiçoamento dos modelos de gestão das organizações do terceiro setor por meio do entendimento da dinâmica utilizada no processo de mudança da contabilidade gerencial, pelos agentes envolvidos.
Gerenciamento de resultados via accruals discricionários: seriam os lucros medidas confiáveis para os investidores?
Authors: Marçal Ronan Reis
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a relevância dos lucros na determinação do valor de mercado das empresas de capital aberto no Brasil considerando os efeitos do gerenciamento de resultado via accruals discricionários.

Metodologia: A amostra da pesquisa foi composta por 211 diferentes empresas não-financeiras da [B]³ entre 2013 e 2018. Os dados foram analisados inicialmente a partir de regressões com dados em painel e, adicionalmente, como medida de análise de sensibilidade, por meio de regressões estimadas por mínimos desvios absolutos.

Resultados: Diferentemente do que era esperado a priori na pesquisa, foi percebido que os resultados econômicos reportados pelas empresas, quando segregados da proxy de gerenciamento de resultados, denotaram menos poder informacional na predição do valor de mercado das empresas que os resultados econômicos em sua forma integral. Este desfecho está, aparentemente, em consonância com algumas pesquisas nacionais recentes (Martins, Paulo & Monte, 2016; Marçal & Macedo, 2019) que ressaltam a vertente não-oportunística do gerenciamento de resultados, podendo haver indícios de uma nuance do mercado brasileiro na contemporaneidade neste quesito.

Contribuições do Estudo: Os resultados contribuem de forma prática ao dispor para os usuários externos os efeitos do gerenciamento de resultados no processo de avaliação das empresas (especificamente ao desmistificar a visão uníssona de caráter doloso por parte dos gestores no processo de gerenciamento de resultados). Não obstante, uma lacuna teórica similar àquela reportada por Martins et al. (2016) passa a ser parcialmente suprida com estes novos achados.
Expectativas e satisfação dos discentes sobre os saberes e competências requeridas dos docentes na área de ciências contábeis
Authors: Sousa Araújo Tamires , Araújo Leal Edvalda , Ferreira Lourenço Roberta
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi verificar na percepção dos estudantes de Ciências Contábeis quais as expectativas e satisfação em relação às competências dos docentes atuantes no curso, envolvendo a compreensão sobre conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes.

Metodologia: Desenvolveu-se um estudo descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa. A amostra foi composta por 102 alunos do Curso de Ciências Contábeis que cursavam o nono e décimo período no ano de 2018 em uma instituição pública federal, situada no interior de Minas Gerais. Foi aplicado o teste estatístico de Mann-Whitney para testar a diferença entre a expectativa e a satisfação dos discentes em relação à competência docente.

Resultados: Os achados evidenciaram diferenças significativas para todas as variáveis pesquisadas. Verificou-se que o nível geral de expectativa do aluno é bem superior à satisfação, há indícios de haver falhas no planejamento pedagógico do curso. 

Contribuições do estudo: O estudo contribui para que gestores acadêmicos percebam a importância de um planejamento pedagógico adequado para o curso, bem como promover a formação docente. Os resultados do estudo também contribuem para a evidenciação da responsabilidade dos docentes quanto à sua qualificação para alcançar as competências necessárias para a sua atuação em sala de aula.
Analysis of the efficiency of municipalities from the Brazilian State of Sergipe: a comparison of the results in Brazil’s evaluation of its basic education system and investments on education
Authors: Nadielli Maria dos Santos Galvão
Published: January 2021

Objective: To identify the efficiency of municipalities in the Brazilian State of Sergipe in promoting satisfactory education levels from the resources aimed at this sector.

Method: A qualitative research was used with the application of Data Envelopment Analysis as a technique for measuring the performance of the municipalities assessed. Municipal expenditure on education and financial resources received from the Brazilian fund FNDE were selected as input variables. The results of municipalities in the Brazilian national exam of Prova Brasil, for students in basic education, were used as outputs variables.

Results: The results indicate that higher expenditure in education does not necessarily ensure high educational performance, as municipalities with tighter budgets can reach better results in the sector analysed. Following the targets set in the current analysis, municipalities deemed inefficient were suggested to maintain or even reduce the resources applied on education, while also increasing the scores obtained in Prova Brasil.

Contributions to the study: The present study can be considered a reference tool for municipal authorities to establish strategies aiming towards the efficiency in the consumption of resources, while also delivering better services to the community. In addition, this study plays a supporting role to society, in helping them understand the performance of their municipality in Prova Brasil, thus creating subsidies to request greater transparency from local authorities.
A adequação dos grandes municípios brasileiros na divulgação das informações de margem de expansão das despesas conforme a LRF
Authors: Guilherme Simões Belote  , Ricardo Rocha de Azevedo
Published: January 2021

Banco de dados brutos de pesquisa.
Gerenciamento de resultados via accruals discricionários: seriam os lucros medidas confiáveis para os investidores?
Authors: Ronan Reis Marçal
Published: January 2021

Banco de dados brutos de pesquisa.
Assessment of Proteolysis by Pyrylium and Other Fluorogenic Reagents
Authors: Al-Essa Mohamed K. , Alzayadneh Ebaa , Al-Hadidi Kamal
Published: January 2021

Aims::

We aim to evaluate the potential application of amine reactive fluorogenic reagents for estimating enzymatic proteolysis.

Background::

Proteolytic enzymes play important roles in regulating many physiological processes in living organisms.

Objectives::

Assessment of protein degradation by using reagents for protein assay techniques.

Methods::

We have assayed samples at the start and after 30-60 minutes incubation with trypsin by Chromeo P503 (Py 1 pyrylium compound) and CBQCA (3-(4-carboxybenzoyl) quinoline-2-carboxaldehyde) as amine reactive reagents and NanoOrange as non-amine reactive dye.

Results::

All BSA prepared samples with trypsin have shown significantly higher fluorescence intensity (FI) versus controls (which reflects proteolysis) when assayed by Chromeo P503 (Py 1 pyrylium compound) and CBQCA (3-(4-carboxybenzoyl) quinoline-2-carboxaldehyde) as amine reactive reagents. However, same samples assayed with NanoOrange as non-amine reactive reagent did not show any significant variation between samples containing trypsin and controls.

Conclusion::

These results are confirming reliability of highly sensitive protein assays utilizing amine reactive fluorogenic reagents for general estimation of proteolysis.
Volumetric MRI Demonstrates Atrophy of the Olfactory Cortex in AD
Authors: Al-Otaibi Majed , Lessard-Beaudoin Melissa , Castellano Christian-Alexandre , Gris Denis , Cunnane Stephen C. , Graham Rona K.
Published: January 2021

Objective:

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions
of individuals worldwide. Symptoms include memory dysfunction and deficits in attention, planning,
language, and overall cognitive function. Olfactory dysfunction is a common symptom of AD
and evidence supports that it is an early marker. Furthermore, olfactory bulb and entorhinal cortex
atrophy are well described in AD. However, in AD, no studies have assessed the olfactory cortex as a
whole and if sex effects are observed.

Methods:

Magnetic Resonance Imaging was used to scan 39 participants with an average age of 72
years and included men and women. AAL Single-Subject Atlas (implemented in PNEURO tool -
PMOD 3.8) was used to determine the volume of the olfactory cortex and the hippocampus. Olfactory
cortex volume was lower in both men and women AD cases compared with controls. This decrease
was more apparent in the left olfactory cortex and was influenced by age. As expected, hippocampal
volume was also significantly reduced in AD. However, this was only observed in the male cohort. A
significant correlation was observed between levels of education and hippocampal volume in controls
that were not detected in the AD participants. Asymmetry was observed in the olfactory cortex volume
when comparing left and right volumes in both the control and AD participants, which was not observed
in the hippocampus.

Results:

These data highlight the importance of the role of olfactory cortical atrophy in the pathogenesis
of AD and the interplay between the olfactory deficits and degeneration of olfactory regions in the
brain.
Heteromerization as a Mechanism Modulating the Affinity of the ACE2 Receptor to the Receptor Binding Domain of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein
Authors: Guidolin Diego , Tortorella Cinzia , Anderlini Deanna , Marcoli Manuela , Maura Guido , Agnati Luigi F.
Published: January 2021

Background:

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is primarily involved in the maturation
of angiotensin. It also represents the main receptor for the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that caused a serious epidemic COVID-19. Available evidence
indicates that at the cell membrane, ACE2 can form heteromeric complexes with other membrane
proteins, including the amino acid transporter B0 AT1 and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR).

Objective:

It is well known that during the formation of quaternary structures, the configuration of
every single monomer is re-shaped by its interaction pattern in the macromolecular complex. Therefore,
it can be hypothesized that the affinity of ACE2 to the viral receptor-binding domain (RBD),
when in a heteromeric complex, may depend on the associated partner.

Methods:

By using established docking and molecular dynamics procedures, the reshaping of
monomer was explored in silico to predict possible heterodimeric structures between ACE2 and
GPCR, such as angiotensin and bradykinin receptors. The associated possible changes in the binding
affinity between the viral RBD and ACE2 when in the heteromeric complexes were also estimated.

Results and Conclusion:

The results provided support to the hypothesis that the heteromerization
state of ACE2 may modulate its affinity to the viral RBD. If experimentally confirmed, ACE2
heteromerization may contribute to explain the observed differences in susceptibility to virus infection
among individuals and to devise new therapeutic opportunities.
Fluorescent Nanotechnology: An Evolution in Optical Sensors
Authors: Hassan Dilawar , Bakhsh Hadi , Khurram Asif M. , Bhutto Shakeel A. , Jalbani Nida S. , Ghumro Tania , Solangi Amber R.
Published: January 2021

Background:

The optical properties of nanomaterials have evolved enormously with the introduction of nanotechnology. The property of materials to absorb and/or emit specific wavelength has turned them into one of the most favourite candidates to be effectively utilized in different sensing applications e.g organic light emission diodes (OLEDs) sensors, gas sensors, biosensors and fluorescent sensors. These materials have been reported as a sensor in the field of tissue and cell imaging, cancer detection and detection of environmental contaminants etc. Fluorescent nanomaterials are heling in rapid and timely detection of various contaminants that greatly impact the quality of life and food, that is exposed to these contaminants. Later, all the contaminants have been investigated to be most perilous entities that momentously affect the life span of the animals and humans who use those foods which have been contaminated.

Objective:

In this review, we will discuss about various methods and approaches to synthesize the fluorescent nanoparticles and quantum dots (QDs) and their applications in various fields. The application will include the detection of various environmental contaminants and bio-medical applications. We will discuss the possible mode of action of the nanoparticles when used as sensor for the environmental contaminants as well as the surface modification of some fluorescent nanomaterials with anti-body and enzyme for specific detection in animal kingdom. We will also describe some RAMAN based sensors as well as some optical sensing-based nanosensors.

Conclusion:

Nanotechnology has enabled to play with the size, shape and morphology of materials in the nanoscale. The physical, chemical and optical properties of materials change dramatically when they are reduced to nanoscale. The optical properties can become choosy in terms of emission or absorption of wavelength in the size range and can result in production of very sensitive optical sensor. The results show that the use of fluorescent nanomaterials for the sensing purposes are helping a great deal in the sensing field.
FEM Analysis of Microcantilever MEMS for Measuring Rheological Properties of Blood
Authors: Sharma Diksha , Tripathi Neeraj
Published: January 2021

Background:

Microcantilever devices are widely used in biomedical because of their high
sensitivity, better performance, low fabrication cost, robustness, and improved reliability over other
equipment. The dynamic response of the device in different mediums, i.e., air, water and gas, depends
on the vibrational mode. Vibrational modes decide how effectively the cantilever is going to
respond while operating in a particular medium.

Methods:

In this paper, a microcantilever having a length 60μm, width 6μm, and thickness 1.5μm
has been designed for measuring the density and viscosity of blood plasma. A Finite Element Analysis
(FEA) is adopted to obtain the eigenfrequencies of the microcantilever device for different beam
lengths in the ‘vacuum’ medium. The model for fluid-structure interaction has been presented and
analyzed. Since the properties of blood and glycerol are analogous to each other, thus different concentrations
of glycerol have been taken to deduce the rheological properties of the fluid.

Results:

The analytical results are found in close agreement with the FEA results. A comparative
analysis of transverse and lateral vibrational modes is put forward to understand the behavior of the
device. In addition, after simulating the model, it is observed that the cantilever can measure viscosities
from 0.86-3.02 centipoise.

Conclusion:

FEM analysis of microcantilevers vibrating in the vacuum has been presented. Resonant
frequencies in the vacuum of laterally and transversally vibrating microcantilever are calculated
through an eigenfrequency analysis using Comsol multiphysics software, thus avoiding simulation
time. A high degree of accuracy of the results is obtained. It is proved experimentally the advantages
of lateral vibrations over transverse vibrations. In addition, the Simulink model is proposed for
measuring the rheological properties of blood. The design is capable of measuring the blood plasma
viscosities range. Our study shows that FEM analysis is a suitable tool for designing and simulation
of bioMEMS.
Docking Studies with Multiple Molecular Targets Associated with SARSCoV- 2 for Drug Repurposing
Authors: Rana Shiwani , Panwar Meghali , Ghosh Kalyan Sundar
Published: January 2021

Background:

The current pandemic outbreak of COVID-19 due to viral infections by
SARS-CoV-2 has now become associated with severe commotion on global healthcare and the
economy.

Objective:

In this extreme situation, when vaccine or effective new drugs against COVID-19 are
still not available, the only quick and feasible therapeutic alternative would be the drug repurposing
approach.

Method:

In the present work, in silico screening of some anti-viral and antiprotozoal drugs was
performed based on docking using Autodock.

Results:

Two known anti-viral drugs, sorivudine and noricumazole B, are predicted to bind to the
active site of the viral proteases, namely cysteine-like protease or 3CL protease (3CLpro) and papain-
like protease (PLpro), respectively, with a highly favorable free energy of binding. Further,
the promising molecules were subjected for checking their activity on other molecular targets in
SARS-CoV-2 like spike protein S1, RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), and angiotensin
converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. But the compounds were found non-effective on the rest of
the molecular targets.

Conclusion:

Sorivudine alone or a combination of sorivudine and noricumazole B may be administered
to impede viral replication, though the predicted drug likeliness of noricumazole B is not
much satisfactory. These observations are solely based on the results from blind docking with protein
molecules and need to be further corroborated with experimental results.
Emerging Trends on Brazilian Connected Students Behavior
Authors: Passarelli Brasilina , Angeluci Alan César Belo
Published: January 2021

This paper aims to present emerging trends of Brazilian connected students towards the use and appropriation of ICT resources through data of two national surveys: 2014 #Connected Youth Brazil and 2018 ICT in Education Survey. #Connected Youth Brazil was developed by the School of the Future Research and Culture Laboratory at the University of São Paulo, NACE EF-USP (www.futuro.usp.br), in association with Telefonica Vivo Foundation Brazil (http://fundacaotelefonicavivo.org.br). The survey interviewed 1,440 Brazilian youngster and also developed focus groups sessions with celebrities and educators plus navigation observation through a special software applied to ten authorized adolescents. 2018 ICT in Education survey was developed by Brazilian Internet Steering Committee and interviewed 11,361 students plus teachers and directors. Main findings are: smartphones to democratize Internet connection; students challenged by fake news and information sources; schools are not the main place of connection and students are autonomous learners regarding media literacy.
Marketing Digital na Recuperação da Informação: técnicas de SEO para visibilidade de periódico científico
Authors: Neves Barbara Coelho , Santana Ramon Davi , Gomes Dulcinéia Vieira de Assunção
Published: January 2021

It deals with digital marketing through the search engine optimization (SEO) techniques applied to the case of a scientific magazine's website. It analyzes objective and technical aspects and measures of SEO that promote the leverage of the visibility of the website and its published content among the main search results in search engines. The method is descriptive, with a qualitative approach and the support of literature review. As a result, the text presents in a descriptive and reasoned way a brief analysis from the perspective of on-site and on-page SEO. It is concluded that the websites of scientific journals can benefit from SEO techniques in the context of information retrieval. The non-use of basic SEO techniques corroborates for a potential invisibility or low recovery of scientific production on the Web in search engine results at a global level.
Os títulos no processo de escrita de histórias por alunos do 2.º ano de escolaridade
Authors: Barbeiro Luís Filipe , Pereira Luísa Álvares , Coimbra Rosa Lídia , Calil Eduardo
Published: January 2021

O título, embora referindo-se ao texto, também funciona de forma autónoma. A sua motivação advém da relação com o texto e com outros títulos conhecidos. O nosso objetivo é entender a génese dos títulos no processo de escrita de histórias por alunos do 2.º ano. Para isso, a interação entre os alunos, organizados em díades e produzindo histórias, foi registada utilizando o sistema RAMOS, um recurso audiovisual que capta simultaneamente o diálogo entre os alunos e o que eles estão a escrever. As transcrições da produção de 14 histórias por quatro díades foram analisadas e o diálogo referente ao título foi considerado como uma unidade de análise. Os resultados mostram o lugar autónomo da construção do título no processo de escrita e a projeção no título de um elemento nuclear da história. Entender o processo de escrever um título pode ajudar os alunos a estar conscientes da sua importância e possibilidades.
Contributo da formação musical no desempenho académico e cognitivo de crianças e adolescentes
Authors: Azevedo Susana , Rato Joana , Caldas Alexandre Castro
Published: January 2021

Esta revisão sistemática teve como objetivo analisar a literatura recente acerca da influência que o estudo da música pode exercer no desempenho académico em geral e na matemática; nas funções cognitivas; e na plasticidade cerebral. A revisão inclui estudos publicados entre 2007 e 2017, nas bases de dados PubMed e Complementary Index, Academic Search Complete, Education Source, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection e Science Direct, utilizando o descritor musical training, combinado com descritores ligados ao desempenho académico em geral e na matemática, academic achievement, mathematics e academic development, e desenvolvimento cognitivo, brain development e cognitive development. Os estudos foram selecionados de acordo com os seguintes critérios: estudos (i) publicados em jornais científicos revistos por pares, (ii) com crianças e adolescentes até aos 18 anos; (iii) que incluíram o treino musical nas suas componentes teórica e/ou instrumental. A relação entre a formação musical e o desempenho académico em geral e a matemática mostrou-se inconsistente, não existindo consenso na literatura acerca dos benefícios da primeira sobre a segunda. Foram encontrados benefícios cognitivos e evidências para a plasticidade cerebral estrutural, induzida pelo treino musical na primeira infância, tendo em consideração as diferenças encontradas no volume de massa cinzenta.
H-supplemented modules with respect to images of fully invariant submodules
Authors: Moniri Hamzekolaee A. R. , Amouzegar T
Published: January 2021

Lifting modules plays important roles in module theory. H-supplemented modules are a nice generalization of lifting modules which have been studied extensively recently. In this article, we introduce a proper generalization of H-supplemented modules via images of fully invariant submodules. Let F be a fully invariant submodule of a right Rmodule M. We say that M is IF -H-supplemented in case for every endomorphism φ of M, there is a direct summand D of M such that φ(F) + X = M if and only if D + X = M, for every submodule X of M. It is proved that M is IF -H-supplemented if and only if F is a dual Rickart direct summand of M for a fully invariant noncosingular submodule F of M. It is shown that the direct sum of IF –H supplemented modules is not in general IF -H-supplemented. Some sufficient conditions such that the direct sum of IF -H-supplemented modules is IF -H-supplemented are given
Interactive Methods of Teaching Children and Its Theoretical Basis and Personal and Professional Development of a Teacher
Authors: Tashkulovna Yuldasheva Saida
Published: January 2021

Abstract: At present, a number of developed countries have accumulated rich experience in the use of pedagogical technologies that increase the learning and creative activity of students and ensure the effectiveness of the educational process. is of particular importance. In this rapidly changing world, teachers' pedagogical skills, methods and techniques are changing, evolving and modernizing. In the conditions of modern reality, when the problem of improving personal and professional development becomes extremely important in pedagogical psychology, as in other Sciences, its further development is important for solving the tasks that are set by the professional activity of a teacher. Keywords: Pedagogical skills, education, interactive methods, modern technologies, communication, condition of change, development and transformation, present, conditionality, effectiveness, growth of the teacher
Correlation between Generic Science Skills and Scientific Attitudes on Learning Outcomes
Authors: Hasanah Suci Ismiatul , Romy Faisal Mustofa  , Ryan Ardiansyah
Published: January 2021

Background: Various factors can support efforts to improve student learning outcomes, including generic science skills and scientific attitudes. The study aims to determine the correlation between generic science skills and scientific attitudes on student learning outcomes. Methods: This research is a correlational study using a dual paradigm design with two independent variables. The sample was that used was 60 people who came from 11th grade of Science Program. Result: The result of this research is that there is a strong and very significant correlation between generic science skills and scientific attitudes towards learning outcomes. This is supported by the data analysis results, namely a significance value of 0.000 and a correlation coefficient of 0.623. Conclusion: It could be concluded that generic science skills and scientific attitudes contribute to improving student learning outcomes because students who have generic science skills and an excellent scientific attitude will get optimum learning outcomes. Therefore, generic science skills and scientific attitudes that exist in students must continue to be trained and developed.
Texto-Livro, Texto-Filme: Aparições de Macunaíma inspiradas na poética de Mário de Andrade
Authors: Tasso Luciano , Cirillo Aparecido José , Sanmartin Stela Maris
Published: January 2021

Em 1928, o escritor Mario de Andrade apresentava à conservadora sociedade brasileira as páginas de Macunaíma, um herói sem nenhum caráter. Quatro décadas depois, Joaquim Pedro de Andrade levava às telas o filme Macunaíma, inspirado no livro. Duas aparições criativas sobre o mesmo personagem em diferentes linguagens, que se tornaram símbolos de movimentos artísticos: o Modernismo e o Cinema Novo. Este trabalho propõe analisar as tensões intersemióticas criadas a partir de signos escritos que identificam o herói Macunaíma, e sua transposição para a mídia audiovisual, levando em conta os limites de cada suporte e as influências sócio-políticas de cada época.
A língua, o chapéu, o elefante e a caixa do carneiro: a nova imaginação em Duchamp e Saint-Exupéry
Authors: Gonzaga Ricardo Maurício
Published: January 2021

O artigo aproxima duas produções de campos diferentes, o livro O pequeno príncipe, de Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, e a obra de Marcel Duchamp, em especial Com a minha língua na minha bochecha, para tratá-las como pontas do mesmo iceberg, a saber a mudança do regime sígnico paradigmático histórico referenciado no símbolo para o pós-histórico, que tem como referência o índice, segundo as definições da semiótica de C.S. Peirce; assim como a influência das imagens técnicas neste processo, com base na análise de Vilém Flusser que incide sobre a dinâmica cultural do Ocidente e a retomada da hegemonia da imaginação inerente ao domínio da lógica produtora de sentido por aparelhos.