bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A positioning correction method for turbine blade film cooling holes
Authors: Li Pengfei , Guo Jianmei , Cai Yanhua , Wu Dongbo , Liang Jiawei , Wang Hui , Han Xiao
Published: November 2022

It is significant to improve the machining accuracy of film cooling holes on aero-engine turbine blades. This paper presents a method to correct the position of film cooling holes on turbine blades. In this method, the pre-positioning algorithm and the precise positioning algorithm are proposed. The pre-positioning algorithm introduces the blade structure information. In the precise positioning algorithm, 3D coordinate transformation, ∠B and ∠C of 5-axis machine tool updating, iteration points creating based on the normal vector are designed. The operation of the gas film cooling hole correcting by the method is given. Experiment shows that, after 7 iterations, the error is reduced to 0.0344mm, achieving high-precision positioning of turbine blades. Furthermore, the coordinates are corrected to realize the high-precision machining of the film cooling holes, which can improve the cooling performance of turbine blades.
Research on Transient Torsional Vibration Test of Harmonic Reducer
Authors: Xu Tianhao , Tan Jing , Huang Dishan , Tong Tong , Gu Jingjun
Published: November 2022

The torsional vibration of harmonic reducer is related to the positioning accuracy and Trajectory Accuracy of industrial robots. Based on this, this paper studies and experiments the impact response of harmonic reducer. By establishing the torsional vibration model with periodic variable stiffness of harmonic reducer, the unit impulse response and characteristics are analyzed; The time-varying torsional stiffness of the harmonic reducer is verified by setting up an experimental platform for the harmonic reducer, and the transient torsional vibration characteristics of the harmonic reducer are obtained The research will provide basic data for the optimal application of harmonic reducer.
Research on free vibration characteristics of axially moving functionally graded plates under the action of temperature field
Authors: Mao YongHeng , Tang YouQi , Wu JunHao
Published: November 2022

As a new type of material, functionally graded materials are widely used in industry, aerospace and other fields due to their special physical properties. Among them, there are also many in the thermal environment, and the existence of the thermal environment will also have a great impact on the stability of the moving object. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the axial motion functionally graded materials in the temperature field. In this paper, taking the axially moving functionally graded plate as the research object, the dynamic control equation of the axially moving functionally graded plate in the thermal environment is established, and the simplified linear dimensionless control equation and boundary conditions of the axially moving functionally graded, using the multi-scale method to find the governing equation, and using the complex mode method to solve the equation to obtain the natural frequency of the system. Furthermore, the effects of axial velocity, functional gradient index, viscoelastic coefficient and thermal parameters on natural frequency are analyzed by Matlab.
An anti-collision system for tower cranes considering lifting heavy objects
Authors: He Dongfeng , He Junping , Li Zhibin , Huang Bo , Cheng Hongliang
Published: November 2022

Most of the traditional tower crane anti-collision solutions only consider the ideal working environment of the tower crane without lifting heavy objects or fail to consider the collision under the condition of lifting heavy objects, which has certain limitations in practical engineering applications. This paper proposes an anti-collision system for tower cranes that considers lifting heavy objects. The system introduces the concept of the dangerous area of cylindrical heavy objects, and explains in detail the anti-collision principle of tower cranes when lifting heavy objects. At the same time, the specific scheme of hardware controller and software design of the system is introduced. The system makes the tower crane anti-collision system closer to the real working situation, and is a supplement to the research and application field of tower crane anti-collision.
Calculation and Analysis of Deformation Characteristic and Energy Dissipation of Flexible Bearings in Harmonic Drive for Industrial Robots
Authors: Xu Zhaoxiang , Wang Yazhen , Wang Haifeng
Published: November 2022

The flexible bearing is a key component of harmonic gear reducer for industrial robots. The wave generator cam as assembly part will significantly affect the flexible bearing transmission state. This paper derives the flexible bearing deformation coordination equation formula based on the harmonic drive theories, and the deformation characteristics of the flexible bearing formed by different wave generator cam shapes were studied. Combined the theory of clabellon with the load and deformation which are obtained, the deformation energy dissipation of the outer ring of the flexible bearing is discussed and quantitatively evaluated. The results showed that the wave generator cam shapes have a greater effect on the carrying capacity of the flexible bearing, and the dissipation of deformation energy of the flexible bearing can be effectively reduced by selecting appropriate wall thickness of the outer ring. Moreover, it was found that the two-roller wave generator deformation energy dissipation is the least at the same constraint.
Matlab-based Study of the Dynamic Performance of Flexible Jointed Robots
Authors: Huang NanJun
Published: November 2022

In the development and research of industrial robots, due to the defects of traditional mechanical structures in the drive system and sensors, control units and other aspects, so in order to solve these problems and improve the efficiency of flexible work, the author proposes a Matlab based core motion characteristics analysis method, that is mathematical modelling method (GUI) to improve the elastic joint robot dynamics The relationship between performance index evaluation and prediction model parameters. At present, most of the research on elastically articulated robots at home and abroad is focused on the development of one or several functionalised components. In this paper, the kinematic model is developed and its performance characteristics are analysed based on the Matlab c language platform. The kinetic equations are discretized to obtain the velocity and acceleration curves with time for each degree of freedom, so that the non-linear contact angle matrix and the driving torque can be established.
Path Planning of Manipulator Based on Improved RRT* Algorithm
Authors: Ye Mengmeng , Dong Xiang , Zhao Jianjun , Huang Zexia
Published: November 2022

The traditional RRT* algorithm lacks directionality in sampling, and often generates a large number of invalid nodes, resulting in low utilization of later nodes. A large number of calculations between nodes cause the time spent by the manipulator to plan a path greatly increased and the path is not smooth. For the shortcomings of the above RRT* algorithm, an improved RRT* algorithm is proposed in this paper. First, a random point is generated with variable probability bias. Second, the sampling method is improved and an adaptive step size strategy is introduced. Finally, for the initial path, a path point connection screening strategy is introduced, and the screened path points are optimized again using a cubic b-spline curve. The experimental results show that the improved RRT* algorithm can quickly find a collision-free path, the path is more optimized, and the planning time is greatly reduced.
Intelligent algorithms for six degrees of freedom robot trajectory planning considering vibration suppression
Authors: Li fazhe , Cao Jiayong , Wu shihao , Wu peihua , Zhu ziwei
Published: November 2022

The residual vibration of the flexible joint manipulator during and after the movement will seriously affects the positioning accuracy of the manipulator. This paper discusses the trajectory planning method for suppressing the joint vibration. A trajectory optimal model which contains the minimization of both time and jerk was proposed. An optimization method based on comprehensive learning particle swarm optimization (CLPSO) algorithm was utilized for solving the optimal problem. Compared with other optimal solution method, CLPLO has the advantages of avoiding premature convergence. A numerical simulation case shows that the optimal trajectory obtained in this paper generated less joint vibration. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified to some extent.
Simulation of three cylinders synchronous circuit based on RBF neural network optimized PID controller
Authors: Tan Liang , Huang Jinfeng , Kou Xinghua , Wang Xingzhong , Wang Wanli
Published: November 2022

RamRig hosting system is a common system for offshore and onshore drilling rigs, which uses ram cylinders to lift and lower the top drive on the drilling rig. In order to ensure the accuracy, stability and robustness of synchronous control of RamRig hosting system, RBF neural network is used to adjust PID parameters online, and a three cylinders synchronous loop simulation model based on RBF optimized PID controller is built in AMESim and Simulink. The simulation results show that the three cylinders synchronous hydraulic circuit based on RBF neural network optimized PID controller has higher accuracy and stability, and is fully capable of realizing the three cylinders synchronous output action of RamRig hosting system.
Research on the path planning of transportation UAV in rasterization scene based on ant colony algorithm
Authors: Cheng Lihong , Xiao Yanping , Ma Chensheng
Published: November 2022

Aiming at the difficulty of material distribution on the island, this paper uses the ant colony algorithm to simulate the path of the transport UAV based on the two-dimensional gridded island scene. Since the ant colony algorithm has significant advantages of strong robustness and high scalability, this paper fully verifies the feasibility of the transportation UAV path planning in the rasterized island scene.
Effects of Impact Hammer Parameters on Mechanical Impedance Measurement
Authors: Chen LinXiong , Hu CaiXia , Fang Chang , Liu Wei
Published: November 2022

Base impedance has a direct effect on mechanical equipment’s properties, and thus its accurate measurement constitutes an important foundation for the evaluation of these properties. Through theoretical deduction and base impedance measurement, we investigated the influences of impact hammer parameters on mechanical impedance measurement using an impact excitation method. By comparing the effects of hammer head softness and hammer size on base’s mechanical impedance measurements, we know that soft and hard hammer heads were suitable for the impedance measurement in low and high frequency regions, respectively, and that hammer size had a little influence on impedance measurements.
Reliability analysis and verification of the rubber support base for battery pack
Authors: Fang Limin , Xiong Linhua , Liu Shuai , Jiang Jinghong
Published: November 2022

In this paper, a design sample of rubber support base of battery pack is analyzed and verified. The status and response of the sample under the actual working scene are simulated and analyzed by using structural finite element simulation. The weak point position and local stress-strain index of the rubber support base are obtained, and the stress variation and fatigue life under two different types of mounting base are compared and analyzed. At the same time, the main failure modes of the rubber support base are verified by the durability test of the real samples and the microscopic characterization analysis of the fracture morphology, which are consistent with the simulation results. On this basis, the design and optimization suggestions of the rubber support base are put forward.
Research on key technology of ultrasonic temperature measuring instrument in high-temperature solid structure
Authors: Cui Yue , Xiang Jing , Wei Dong , Shi Youan , Du Yanxia , Gui Yewei
Published: November 2022

Aiming at the key technical requirements of ultrasonic measurement of internal temperature of high temperature solid structure, firstly, the mechanical structure of ultrasonic transducer is miniaturized and high-temperature resistant design is carried out, so that it can withstand the high temperature of 800°C. Meanwhile, the multi-waveform, multi-channel and multi-frequency excitation detection is achieved, and the integration of structure and function is realized. In addition, the high-speed data acquisition module adopts a 1GSPS sampling rate acquisition card combined with the phase-based acoustic time integral zero sub-measurement method to achieve the nanosecond acoustic time measurement accuracy required by ultrasonic temperature measurement. Finally, the reconstructed internal temperature field of steel structure is carried out by using the developed electromagnetic ultrasonic temperature measuring instrument and compared with the temperature measuring result of thermocouple, which verifies the reliability of high temperature resistant electromagnetic ultrasonic probe and high-speed acquisition module. The research shows that the integration of ultrasonic temperature measurement technology and the design and development of instruments will provide effective analysis methods, research means and testing tools for exploring the internal temperature parameters of structures.
Detection Technology of Intentional Electromagnetic Co-channel Interference Source
Authors: Su Dongchu , Chang Zengtian , Yang Jian , Chang Bowei , Zhu Zhijun , Qiang Lu
Published: November 2022

The characteristics and action mechanisms of intentional interference sources were analyzed. Then, a fast detection method of intentional co-channel interference was proposed based on such technologies as real-time spectrum analysis, digital phosphor display, and co-channel signal direction-finding. Next, two classical intentional interference scenarios were reproduced, and interference sources were detected fast through the proposed method.
Design of fretting signal acquisition system based on AD7177
Authors: Mo Taiping , Tang Yuan , Su Ying
Published: November 2022

In Fretting is an important research direction in the detection of urban underground space structure. Traditional geophones have three issues with achieving fretting detection in the field, high cost, large size and low accuracy. A fretting signal acquisition system based on AD7177 is proposed to solve the above problems, which takes STM32 as the design core. A decision-making scheme that combines the signal acquisition system with the vibration sensor is introduced, which is used to settle the large size and high cost of the instrument. To improve the system accuracy, the AD7177 high-precision A/D conversion module and GPS are used for signal processing and positioning timing respectively. Finally, tests and field experiments were conducted in a state equipped with large storage space and WIFI transmission, which shows the system is convenient and successful. The experimental results show that the scheme is effective, the AD7177-based fretting signal acquisition system has high accuracy and small volume, which has a good ability to complete fretting detection.
Spacecraft hitch detection and health evaluation based on Multivariable Time Series
Authors: Tang Xinye , Jiang Dezhong , Guo Botao
Published: November 2022

In this paper, unsupervised method is studied to solve the problem that it is difficult for spacecraft to obtain tagged hitch data. Firstly, the incremental cross-correlation filtered attribute selection algorithm (ICF) is used to complete the selection of feature subsets of spacecraft multivariate time series (MTS);Then the unsupervised learning model of LSTM-SAE is trained on a large number of normal data; Finally, a complete hitch monitoring and health evaluation system is established and verified on the data of three fault degrees. The feature space of normal data is constructed, and the health state of spacecraft is measured by the reconstruction error of faulted data and the distance of feature space. It solves the problem of predicting and avoiding catastrophic failures of spacecraft under the conditions of lack of prior knowledge, unbalanced data distribution and incomplete failure modes.
Design of signal processing circuit for acoustic Doppler Current Profiler
Authors: Jiang Chuansheng , Zou Jun , Liu Yanping , Li Bing
Published: November 2022

according to the measurement principle and performance requirements of acoustic Doppler velocity profile, a circuit for weak frequency signal processing is designed. The measurement principle, circuit structure, data comparison before and after signal processing and frequency measurement accuracy data analysis are introduced. The performance comparison and application of the instrument are carried out according to the relevant standards. The experimental results show that the signal processing circuit realizes the constant amplitude amplification of the wide dynamic range frequency signal, and the processed signal is converted by A / D and then measured by digital frequency to obtain a high frequency accuracy. In the application of channel flow measurement, the velocity profile can reflect the change trend of cross-section velocity and complete the accurate measurement of flow rate. It shows that the flow profile instrument based on the signal processing circuit can meet the requirements of on-line monitoring of flow velocity and flow of river and channel.
Research on fault diagnosis of gas steam boilers based on deep neural networks
Authors: Deng Cong , Li Xu-Feng , Ji Peng , Li Jing-Sheng , Hou Qun
Published: November 2022

Gas steam boilers are special equipment subjected to high temperature and pressure, it is particularly important to detect and deal with operation faults in time. Against the 4 types of common fault of gas steam boilers, the fault diagnosis model was established based on deep neural networks (DNN), and the model parameters were optimized and verified by experiments. The results show that the fault diagnosis model performs the best as Tanh of the activation function, 100 of Batch_Size, Adam of Optimizer, 10-5 of learning rate and 0.2 of Dropout since the output accuracy is above 92% and the model begins to converge with iterative times of 12. The accuracy of fault identification of reaches 100% in verification experiments and the model can still effectively recognize the dataset from the early stage which suggests that the fault diagnosis based on deep neural networks has high accuracy and provides a reliable solution for the safety supervision of special equipments.
Research on flight control system hardware in the loop simulation system based on NI hardware platform for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Authors: Wu Helong , Cai Mingxi , He Zongke
Published: November 2022

HIL(Hardware in the loop) simulation of UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) plays an important role in flight control sysrtem development and algorithm verification. Taking the open source flight control system Pixhawk as the research object, this paper establishes a HIL system based on NI(National Instrument) hardware platform. The dynamic model and kinematic model are modeled through Simulink, the online management of simulation model is realized through Veristand, and the online display of model parameters and fault injection are realized through Labview. The simulation system can test the functional performance, reliability and safety of flight control system. The simulation results show that the simulation platform works reliably and has good real-time performance. It can effectively and reliably carry out the HIL of flight control system for UAV.
Monitoring the effect of alloying elements segregation in Fe Mn Ni Al high Entropy alloy
Authors: Hassan Abdelrhman Ibrahim , El-Fawakhry Mohamed Kamal , Hamed Ahmed , Mattar Taha
Published: November 2022

Iron based high entropy alloy containing aluminum is facing a challenge in the liquid-solid transition regime due to its high affinity to segregation. In this research, the segregation of alloying elements in the designed high entropy alloy has been tracked after pouring in special investment mold that possesses different modulus with fluctuated solidification time. Different compositions of the targeted alloy were developed through melting of pure metals in induction furnace. X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), optical microscope, and SEM have been used for monitoring the chemical, and phase constituents among the different regions of solidification. In addition, the mechanical properties of the designed alloy have been determined using uni-axis tensile test, and impact toughness. It was well proved that the solidification time has a significant effect on promoting the characteristic properties of iron based high entropy alloy containing aluminum. Aluminum shows high percentage with increasing the solidification time. In addition, the mechanical observations proved that decreasing the solidification time enhance and improve the mechanical properties.
Self-rectifying effect in Au/Al2O3/Si resistive memory structure
Authors: Meng J L
Published: November 2022

To solve the crosstalk problem when the integration density of resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices increase, RRAM with self-rectifying function is required. Herein, the Au/10 nm Al2O3/heavily doped p-type Si (p++-Si) structure was fabricated, and bipolar resistive switching and self-rectifying effect were investigated. A rectification of 6.5 × 103 under ±5 V at low-resistive state (LRS) was observed. The rectifying effect is explained by the energy band diagrams of the structure and electrical conduction mechanism at LRS under negative bias is fitted by space charge limited conduction (SCLC) model. Finally, the endurance and retention properties of the structure were tested. This work would provide insights for further research on the RRAM device with self-rectifying effect, which can alleviate the crosstalk effect without additional switching elements in integrated circuit.
Effect of double annealing on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mn-TRIP steel
Authors: Sun Xiaoyu , Hu Zhiping , Li Yang , Lei Aidi , Liu Rendong
Published: November 2022

A novel double annealing process was applied to a Mn-TRIP steel. As a result, a great combination of yield strength of 829MPa, tensile strength of 1132MPa and total elongation of 42.1% was obtained. The improvement of mechanical property was contributed to microstructure evolution. By double annealing process, ferrite grains were refined and VC could effectively precipitate instead of cementite, which contributed to the enhancement of yield strength. Austenite fraction was increased and two types of austenite morphology (block and lath) were obtained. In addition, Mn partitioning was promoted, leading to high Mn enrichment in austenite grains. Consequently, the austenite grains with high stability provided continuous and active TRIP effect, contributing to a great work-hardening behavior and increasing strength and ductility.
Advancement and Challenges of Field Effect Transistors based on Multi-gate Transistor
Authors: Lin Jinhan
Published: November 2022

The advancement and challenges of field effect transistors are based on multi-gate transistors from the perspective of structure and material. Multi-gate field-effect transistors (Multi-gate FET) have steeper sub-threshold slopes, which can reduce the short channel effect and improve mobility and drive current. A fin field-effect transistor (FinFET) and gate-all-around field-effect transistor (GAAFET) are attractive multi-gate structures most compatible with today’s standard machining technologies. As the future moves towards smaller processes, FinFET and GAAFET processes limit the spacing between n-to-p devices. In order to increase the possibility of transistor miniaturization, innovative structures such as Forksheet FET and Complementary-FET (CFET) have been proposed.
Non-Hermite Spinor Boltzmann Equation and Its Hermitization
Authors: Wang Zheng-Chuan
Published: November 2022

It is known that the Wigner distribution function in the quantum Boltzmann equation is not positive elsewhere, which causes trouble for its application to the mesoscopic transport problem. Similarly, if we extend the quantum Boltzmann equation to the spinor Boltzmann equation, which includes the spin freedom in the usual Wigner distribution, and the spinor matrix distribution function therein is not Hermite, we must make this non-Hermite spinor Boltzmann equation Hermitization. So in this paper, we propose a spinor Boltzmann equation with Hermite distribution function and then obtain the equations of continuity satisfied by the charge density, charge current, spin accumulation, and spin current. The numerical results for these physical quantities are illustrated by an example of spin-polarized transport scattered by impurities in a system of spintronics. Their differences compared with the usual spinor Boltzmann equation are shown.
IGBT Gate Waveform Acquisition Based on Compressed Sensing Technology
Authors: Wang Yifan , Zeng Mingquan , Gong Jinlong , Sun Ming , Wang Yifan , Luo Li , Hu Jiansheng , Ma Junjie
Published: November 2022

As the core device of power electronic equipment, IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) is related to the reliability of the system, so its online health monitoring is particularly important. Due to the large amount of data and high sampling rate for IGBT online health monitoring, data transmission has become a major problem, the method of effectively reconstructing the original signal has become one of the current research hotspots. Based on the theory of compressed sensing, the acquisition of IGBT gate waveforms is studied in this paper. First, the theoretical principle of compressed sensing is expounded and analyzed, and the evaluation criteria for signal reconstruction performance are given. Then, from the theory and simulation, the sparseness of IGBT gate drive signals under different sparse bases and different measurement matrices are discussed and analyzed. Next, aiming at the shortcomings of the stagewise weak orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm, a SWOMP algorithm based on the backtracking strategy of different Sigmoid functions is proposed. Simulation and experimental results show that the improved SWOMP4 algorithm has the best reconstruction effect. Finally, the SWOMP4 algorithm is applied to the process of IGBT gate drive signal reconstruction.

This paper mainly collects and reconstructs the IGBT gate drive signal through the improved SWOMP4 algorithm. The designed algorithm has high reconstruction accuracy and can be used in the IGBT module online health status system.
Degradation Behavior of High Power Semiconductor Modules by Low-Temperature Sintering Technology
Authors: Fu Shancan , Wang Guoliang , Xiao Feng
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a degradation behavior of high-power semiconductor modules, i.e., IGBT, with sintered silver by power cycle test and thermal cycle test. The electrical characteristics, such as on-state voltage drop, thermal resistance and leakage current, were studied. For power cycle test, the IGBT module still has an acceptable electrical performance after the 30 K power cycles. No noticeable changes can be found in the die-attach layer, while the DBC-attach layer begins to fail after 30 K power cycles. For the thermal cycling test, the electrical characteristics of the IGBT module were only tested within the first 300 cycles because the Al2O3 DBC substrate failed first before the failure of the bonding layers. Finally, finite element methods (FEM) were used to analyze thermal and mechanical stress distribution and failure mechanism of the bonding layers.
Effect of gamma irradiation on GaN lateral Schottky barrier diodes
Authors: Duan Chao , Wu Zhaoxi , Meng Meng , Zhao Shenglei , Wang Xu , Yu Qingkui
Published: November 2022

The effect of gamma irradiation on GaN lateral Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) has been investigated. Six gamma irradiation conditions were carried out, namely 100/500 k rad, 1 M rad, 100/500 k rad and 100°C, and 1 M rad and 100°C. All the irradiated devices have a similar parameter variation tendency. There is no change for turn-on voltage. The on-state resistance is reduced from 5.32~5.53 Ω to 5.10~5.26 Ω, while the reverse leakage at -100 V is increased from 3.53~4.99 μA to 4.13~5.79 μA. The interface information extracted is improved slightly, demonstrating the anode/GaN interface is improved, and the passivation/AlGaN interface may be degraded. The slight variation of irradiated performance demonstrates that the GaN lateral SBDs are hardly affected by gamma irradiation.
Facile synthesis and ethanol sensing performance of the SnO2 nanoplates
Authors: Li Xiang-Hu , Jin Zhen , Li Dan , Zhang Huan , Xu Min-Da
Published: November 2022

as concluded that the SnO2 nanoplates were synthesized. We characterized the material with XRD, SEM and TEM. It was concluded that the SnO2 nanoplates have good crystallinity, and the size of which is about 5μm. The SnO2 nanoplates exhibit good sensing performance in ethanol detection. There is a lower correct operating temperature (250 °C). And, in a large range of 5-500 ppm, the SnO2 nanoplates display excellent linear sensing performance in ethanol detection. The as-prepared SnO2 nanoplates have superior sensing performance in ethanol detection, such as more rapid response, better repeatability and better sensitivity. Moreover, compared with commercial SnO2 powders, it is expected that the SnO2 nanoplates might become a standout gas sensing material and it owns close relations with the application of actual production and life.
Research on limiting current oxygen sensor based on La2MoWO9
Authors: Li Dan , Yang Wei-Guang , He Chen-Hao , Xie Chen-Zi-Jun , Yang Long-yu , Liu Yu
Published: November 2022

In this paper, an oxygen sensor with La2MoWO9 as the base material and La0.6Sr0.4Fe0.8Co0.2O3 mixed conductor material as the diffusion barrier layer was made by solid state synthesis method. The sensor has the characteristics of low price, low working temperature, simple preparation process, and has a good application prospect. However, there is also the problem of poor stability, which needs to be further studied.
Is biorobotics science? Some theoretical reflections
Authors: Tamborini Marco , Datteri Edoardo
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we ask one fairly simple question: to what extent can biorobotics be sensibly qualified as science? The answer clearly depends on what ‘science’ means and whether what is actually done in biorobotics corresponds to this meaning. To respond to this question, we will deploy the distinction between science and so-called technoscience, and isolate different kinds of objects of inquiry in biorobotics research. Capitalising on the distinction between ‘proximal’ and ‘distal’ biorobotic hypotheses, we will argue that technoscientific biorobotic studies address proximal hypotheses, whilst scientific biorobotic studies address distal hypotheses. As a result, we argue that bioroboticians can be both considered as scientists and technoscientists and that this is one of the main payoffs of biorobotics. Indeed, technoscientists play an extremely important role in 21st-century culture and in the current critical production of knowledge. Today’s world is increasingly technological, or rather, it is a bio-hybrid system in which the biological and the technological are mixed. Therefore, studying the behaviour of robotic systems and the phenomena of animal-robot interaction means analysing, understanding, and shaping our world. Indeed, in the conclusion of the paper, we broadly reflect on the philosophical and disciplinary payoff of seeing biorobotics as a science and/or technoscience for the increasingly bio-hybrid and technical world of the 21st century.
Signatures of dark excitons in exciton–polariton optics of transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Ferreira Beatriz , Rosati Roberto , Fitzgerald Jamie M , Malic Ermin
Published: November 2022

Integrating 2D materials into high-quality optical microcavities opens the door to fascinating many-particle phenomena including the formation of exciton–polaritons. These are hybrid quasi-particles inheriting properties of both the constituent photons and excitons. In this work, we investigate the so-far overlooked impact of dark excitons on the momentum-resolved absorption spectra of hBN-encapsulated WSe2 and MoSe2 monolayers in the strong-coupling regime. In particular, thanks to the efficient phonon-mediated scattering of polaritons into energetically lower dark exciton states, the absorption of the lower polariton branch in WSe2 is much higher than in MoSe2. It shows unique step-like increases in the momentum-resolved profile indicating opening of specific scattering channels. We study how different externally accessible quantities, such as temperature or mirror reflectance, change the optical response of polaritons. Our study contributes to an improved microscopic understanding of exciton–polaritons and their interaction with phonons, potentially suggesting experiments that could determine the energy of dark exciton states via momentum-resolved polariton absorption.
The effect of solid solution temperature on the precipitation phase and properties of plasma arc welded joints of Inconel625 high temperature alloy
Authors: Zhang Zhongke , Chu Shusheng , Xiong Jianqiang , Jiang Changming , Li Xuanbai
Published: November 2022

The effect of solid solution temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of plasma welded nickel-based high temperature alloy Incone l625 was investigated by solid solution treatment (The solid solution temperature range is 950 °C to 1150 °C and the intergroup interval is 50 °C). The results show that after solid solution treatment at 950 °C, chain carbides are precipitated at the austenite grain boundary of the base material. With solid solution temperature increasing, carbon chains dissolve gradually at the grain boundary. When solution temperature is higher than 1050 °C, carbides at the grain boundary completely melt back into the matrix. At the weld, dendritic crystal and Laves phase dissolve with the increase of solid solution temperature. When the solid solution temperature is 1100 °C, the dendritic crystal and Laves phase at the weld completely melt into the matrix and transform into cellular crystals. When the solid solution temperature is increased to 1150 °C, the cellular crystal grows further at the weld. When the solid solution temperature is 1100 °C, the comprehensive mechanical properties of the joint are the best.
Hemodynamic response to intestinal pH stimulation measured with spectroscopic video imaging
Authors: Funane Tsukasa , Yokoi Yuki , Kiguchi Masashi , Shinozaki Ryuga , Ayabe Tokiyoshi , Atsumori Hirokazu , Nishimura Ayako , Nakamura Kiminori , Kandori Akihiko
Published: November 2022

To investigate the relationship between the gut and skin (gut-skin axis), head skin hemodynamic responses to gut stimulation including the injection of acetic acid in nude mice were measured by spectroscopic video imaging, which was calculated using a modified Beer-Lambert formula. The relationship with blood proteins was also analyzed. The blood volume changes in three mice injected with acetic acid were highly reproducible in the mathematical model equation. Four proteins correlated with blood volume changes were all related to immunity. These results suggest that intestinal pH can alter the blood volume in the skin and induce immune-related responses.
Neural stochastic differential equations network as uncertainty quantification method for EEG source localization
Authors: Wabina R S , Silpasuwanchai C
Published: November 2022

EEG source localization remains a challenging problem given the uncertain conductivity values of the volume conductor models (VCMs). As uncertain conductivities vary across people, they may considerably impact the forward and inverse solutions of the EEG, leading to an increase in localization mistakes and misdiagnoses of brain disorders. Calibration of conductivity values using uncertainty quantification (UQ) techniques is a promising approach to reduce localization errors. The widely-known UQ methods involve Bayesian approaches, which utilize prior conductivity values to derive their posterior inference and estimate their optimal calibration. However, these approaches have two significant drawbacks: solving for posterior inference is intractable, and choosing inappropriate priors may lead to increased localization mistakes. This study used the Neural Stochastic Differential equations Network (SDE-Net), a combination of dynamical systems and deep learning techniques that utilizes the Wiener process to minimize conductivity uncertainties in the VCM and improve the inverse problem. Results revealed that SDE-Net generated a lower localization error rate in the inverse problem compared to Bayesian techniques. Future studies may employ new stochastic dynamical systems-based techniques as a UQ technique to address further uncertainties in the EEG Source Localization problem. Our code can be found here: https://github.com/rrwabina/SDENet-UQ-ESL.
Energy, exergy, economic, environmental (4E) and frequency distribution analysis of train wind gust with real-time data for energy harvesting
Authors: RamKumar Alajingi , R Marimuthu
Published: November 2022

The wind gust velocity of trains are above the cut in speed of wind turbines. Multiple cases studies estimate the available wind energy and potential electrical output with numerical and computational models. These gust velocities are dynamic nature. This work collects real time data of wind gust using data acquisition, conducted 4E and Weibull frequency distribution analysis. The acquired data is further used as a velocity signal to Simulink and wind emulator wind energy harvesting systems. This distinguishes in producing benchmarking results when compared with numerical and computational models. From data interpretation and analysis, the wind gust are non-uniform and gust velocity ranges from 2.3 to 7.1 m s−1 is recorded with a Weibull scale parameter value(A) of 5.54 m s−1. The maximum power available for harvesting is after considering Betz limit is 159.6 W, whilst Simulink and emulator energy harvesting systems produces 126.4 W and 123.08 W with a maximum exergy efficiency of 49.38 and 49.14%. The estimated wind energy available for 1KM range with wind energy systems on both side of traction poles is about 3.3 KW/KM. The compared environmental and economic analysis reconfirms the feasibility of the proposed model with capacity factor 5.74%. Other findings are the corresponding variation in output with respect to dynamic-wind velocities is limited due to inertia and stored kinetic energy of system, the role of location, weather statistics and influence of tail winds in shaping wind gust velocity is also adjudged as crucial factors.
Resta-like preconditioning for self-consistent field iterations in the linearized augmented planewave method
Authors: Kim Jongmin , May Matthias M
Published: November 2022

Convergence in self-consistent-field cycles can be a major computational bottleneck of density-functional theory calculations. We propose a Resta-like preconditioning method for full-potential all-electron calculations in the linearized augmented planewave method to smoothly converge to self-consistency. We implemented this preconditioner in the exciting code and apply it to the two semiconducting systems of MoS2 slabs and P-rich GaP(100) surfaces as well as the metallic system Au(111), containing a sufficiently large amount of vacuum. Two magnetic systems of 19-atoms Fe and Co are also considered. Our calculations demonstrate that the implemented scheme performs reliably as well as more efficiently regardless of system size, suppressing long-range charge sloshing. While the suitability of this preconditioning higher for semiconducting systems, the convergence for metals is, depending on the system, only slightly de- or increased and thus still trustworthy to apply. Furthermore, a mixing algorithm with the preconditioner shows an improvement over that with the Kerker preconditioner for the investigated semiconducting systems.
Attenuated Representationalism
Authors: Mendelovici Angela
Published: November 2022

In The Metaphysics of Sensory Experience, David Papineau offers some metaphysical reasons for rejecting representationalism. This paper overviews these reasons, arguing that while some of his arguments against some versions of representationalism succeed, there are versions of phenomenal intentionalism that escape his criticisms. Still, once we consider some of the contents of perceptual experiences, such as their perspectival contents, it is clear that perceptual experience does not present us with the world as we take it to be. This leads to a rather attenuated form of representationalism, perhaps one that even Papineau could come close to agreeing with.
Periapical lesion following Cnm-positiveStreptococcus mutanspulp infection worsens cerebral hemorrhage onset in an SHRSP rat model
Authors: Taniguchi Yuri , Ouhara Kazuhisa , Kitagawa Masae , Akutagawa Keiichi , Kawada-Matsuo Miki , Tamura Tetsuya , Zhai Ruoqi , Hamamoto Yuta , Kajiya Mikihito , Matsuda Shinji , Maruyama Hirofumi , Komatsuzawa Hitoshi , Shiba Hideki , Mizuno Noriyoshi
Published: November 2022

Cerebral hemorrhage severely affects the daily life of affected individuals. Streptococcus mutans and its adhesion factor Cnm increase the adverse effects of cerebral hemorrhages. However, the mechanism by which Cnm-positive bacteria migrate from apical lesions to cerebral hemorrhage sites is unclear. Therefore, we established an S. mutans-infected apical lesion in a rat model of hypertension and investigated the neurological symptoms associated with cerebral hemorrhage. Eighteen 12-week-old stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats were randomly divided into three groups, i.e. the no infection (control), dental infection with S. mutans KSM153 wild type (Cnm positive), and KSM153 Δcnm groups. Immunofluorescent staining was performed to visualize S. mutans protein. Serum interleukin-1β levels were measured. The adhesion of S. mutans to the extracellular matrix and human fibroblast cells was also analyzed. Serum antibody titers against S. mutans were comparable between Cnm positive and knockout mutants. However, 3–10 days post-infection, neurological symptom scores and cerebral hemorrhage scores were higher in Cnm-positive rats than in knockout mutants. The localization of S. mutans-derived protein was observed in the vicinity of disrupted blood vessels. Serum interleukin-1β levels significantly increased post-KSM153 WT infection. Cnm-positive S. mutans clinical isolates showed increased adhesion to the extracellular matrix, human dental pulp cells, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells compared with the Cnm-negative S. mutans isolates. In conclusion, Cnm-positive bacteria colonize the apical lesion site using the extracellular matrix as a foothold and affect cerebral hemorrhage via the bloodstream.
A chromosomal-scale reference genome of the New World Screwworm,Cochliomyia hominivorax
Authors: Tandonnet Sophie , Krsticevic Flavia , Basika Tatiana , Papathanos Philippos A , Torres Tatiana T , Scott Maxwell J
Published: November 2022

The New World Screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Calliphoridae), is the most important myiasis-causing species in America. Screwworm myiasis is a zoonosis that can cause severe lesions in livestock, domesticated and wild animals, and occasionally in people. Beyond the sanitary problems associated with this species, these infestations negatively impact economic sectors, such as the cattle industry. Here, we present a chromosome-scale assembly of C. hominivorax’s genome, organized in 6 chromosome-length and 515 unplaced scaffolds spanning 534 Mb. There was a clear correspondence between the D. melanogaster linkage groups A–E and the chromosomal-scale scaffolds. Chromosome quotient (CQ) analysis identified a single scaffold from the X chromosome that contains most of the orthologs of genes that are on the D. melanogaster fourth chromosome (linkage group F or dot chromosome). CQ analysis also identified potential X and Y unplaced scaffolds and genes. Y-linkage for selected regions was confirmed by PCR with male and female DNA. Some of the long chromosome-scale scaffolds include Y-linked sequences, suggesting misassembly of these regions. These resources will provide a basis for future studies aiming at understanding the biology and evolution of this devastating obligate parasite.
Remote digital smart device follow-up in prospective clinical trials: early insights from ORBITA-2, ORBITA-COSMIC, and ORBITA-STAR
Authors: Ganesananthan Sashiananthan , Rajkumar Christopher A , Foley Michael , Francis Darrel , Al-Lamee Rasha
Published: November 2022

Smart devices are a fundamental media for acquisition, processing, storage, and transfer of digital health data. The global penetration and high frequency usage of smart devices such as smartphones and fitness monitors provide us an opportunity for incorporation into clinical trials to generate more clinically meaningful data. Reporting of angina can significantly vary between patients and also within patients at different timepoints. Furthermore, the nature of angina can lead to variation in ways patients adapt their activities of daily living and hence reporting of symptoms and quality of life. Current clinical trials investigating the effects of intervention on angina do not accurately incorporate these patient centred outcomes and considerations. Hence, methods to contemporaneously assess daily angina burden in a convenient, patient focused, and cost-effective manner are priorities for contemporary clinical trials to address. In this article, we provide our insights into the use of remote digital smart devices in clinical trials of stable coronary artery disease conducted by our research group. We discuss how our experiences from previous trials necessitated its incorporation and will provide us with important data that will inform clinical practice. We discuss the benefits and current challenges and limitations of smart device incorporation while providing our procedural workflow for how we incorporated smart devices into our clinical trials for others to consider. We hope that this approach will allow us to understand the perceptions and implications of angina on patient lives with greater granularity than previously explored.
Gaussian process regression for prediction and confidence analysis of fruit traits by near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Chen Xiaojing , Xue Jianxia , Chen Xiao , Zhao Xinyu , Ali Shujat , Huang Guangzao
Published: November 2022

Detection of fruit traits by using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy may encounter out-of-distribution samples that exceed the generalization ability of a constructed calibration model. Therefore, confidence analysis for a given prediction is required, but this cannot be done using common calibration models of NIR spectroscopy. To address this issue, this paper studied the Gaussian process regression (GPR) for fruit traits detection using NIR spectroscopy. The mean and variance of the GPR were used as the predicted value and confidence, respectively. To show this, a real NIR data set related to dry matter content measurements in mango was used. Compared to partial least squares regression (PLSR), GPR showed approximately 14% lower root mean squared error (RMSE) for the in-distribution test set. Compared with no confidence analysis, using the variance of GPR to remove abnormal samples made GPR and PLSR showed approximately 58% and 10% lower RMSE on the mixed distribution test set, respectively (when the type 1 error rate was set to 0.1). Compared with traditional one-class classification methods, the variance of the GPR can be used to effectively eliminate poorly predicted samples.