bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
«Reconocido, pero no guardado». Un escrito de Thomas Buchheim sobre el problema de Dios en Robert Spaemann
Authors: Gallardo González Sara , Pro Velasco María Luisa
Published: April 2019

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es dar a conocer en lengua castellana un texto del profesor Thomas Buchheim acerca de la «última prueba» de la existencia de Dios a partir del futurum exactum de su maestro, Robert Spaemann. Para ello se analiza en primer lugar el argumento del futurum exactum del «haber-sido». Seguidamente se exponen las objeciones contra el argumento presentado de esta forma. A continuación, la presentación del argumento a partir del futurum exactum de la verdad. Finalmente se plantean los rasgos personales de la capacidad de verdad que dan pie a considerar la necesidad de una conciencia personal para poder hablar de verdad en sentido propio.
La relación entre filosofía, ciencia y religión: aproximación teórica desde el estudio de Mariano Artigas y Alexandre Koyré
Authors: Tusa Jumbo Fernanda , Briceño Castillo Xavier , Tusa Jumbo Eduardo
Published: April 2019

Este artículo hace una aproximación teórica de la relación existente entre filosofía, ciencia y religión dentro del devenir de la historia de la humanidad y la cultura postmoderna. Mediante una investigación de teoría fundamentada contenida en los textos Supuestos e implicaciones del progreso científico del filósofo español Mariano Artigas, así como Pensar la ciencia y La influencia de las concepciones filosóficas en las teorías científicas del historiador ruso Alexandre Koyré, se expone la idea de que un triángulo armónico entre Dios, filosofía y ciencia no solo es compatible con el devenir de los avances científicos contemporáneos, sino que también es necesario para restablecer una etapa histórica que podríamos denominar nuevo renacimiento, vinculado, tal como dijera Artigas, a tres componentes altamente simbióticos entre sí: dimensión espiritual de la vida humana, la búsqueda objetiva de la verdad y la existencia de valores éticos al servicio de la humanidad.
Concept of sciart in the Andalusian Ibn Tufail
Authors: Maftouni Nadia
Published: April 2019

En una obra admirable, el médico y novelista andaluz Ibn Tufail, identifica y elabora los problemas de la anatomía humana, la autopsia y la vivisección y, por lo tanto, constituye un auténtico científico. Scientart podría definirse como una interacción entre los mundos de la ciencia y el arte. Se pueden considerar tres tipos de estas interacciones: actividades científicas artísticamente inclinadas, actividades artísticas orientadas a la ciencia y actividades científicas y artísticas entrelazadas. Un ejemplo de actividades artísticas y científicas entrelazadas se puede ver en Ibn Tufail, tal como describe la anatomía humana, la autopsia y la vivisección en Hay ibn Yaqzan.
Notes from the Editors, June 2018
Authors: The Editors -
Published: April 2019

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THE MYTH OF SACRIFICE AND THE MYTH OF TRUTH IN SLOVAK LITERATURE AFTER THE SECOND WORLD WAR (J. C. HRONSKÝ: ANDREAS BÚR MAJSTER AND DOMINIK TATARKA: FARSKÁ REPUBLIKA AND ESSAYS)
Authors: Bátorová Mária
Published: April 2019

Hronský’s work was written in Rome at the beginning of his journey until emigration in 1947/48. This, in terms of genre and content, is a distinctive form: an autobiographical tale through which the author erected a memorial. Andreas Búr embodies the capabilities and tragedy of the author. The sacrifice for the people who kill him bears in itself a Christian pathos and at the same time the extinction of everything the author was. His character remains in the memory of the people as the myth of an ethical act. Tatarka’s work was written in Slovakia in 1948. This critique of conventional Christianity, which has tragic consequences for a defenceless woman and her children, is linked with criticism of the author Hronský in the novel Andreas Búr Majster. The movement towards the myth of truth begins in Tatarka immediately at the time of thawing after Stalin’s death in the essay “Démon súhlasu” (The Demon of Conformity) and ends in the author’s 19 years of “life in truth” and the victim of a life without civil rights.
A WRITER OR A CREATOR OF THE TEXTUAL WORLD: ANTHOLOGY AS A MIRROR OF THE POST-WWII UKRAINIAN LITERATURE
Authors: Haleta Olena
Published: April 2019

After the II World War, literary anthology has become one of the most important means of representing Ukrainian literature, and it has changed depending on the definition and redefinition of the writer’s status. In the meantime, in the Soviet literature under the supervision of the Academy of Sciences, there appear multi-volume editions constructing the figure of the writer as a participant in the socialist reorganization of reality, emigration anthologies develop the myth of the writer as the creator of the textual world, becoming a new “common place” for the entire cultural community. Literary anthologies published after the collapse of the USSR (whose number has grown manyfold) reflect all the problems of transforming the identity of the author from the prophet to the player in an uncertain reality, as well as various models of mythologizing creativity from romanticism to postmodernism. In this context, the change in the genre of anthology becomes especially noticeable; it gradually moves from the collection to the project. On the one hand, commercialization of literature in market conditions and the transformation of the writer into a “producer” of textual goods are visible. On the other hand, next to the classic writer who, in a manner recognized by readers, represents aesthetic values, there emerges the figure of a writer as a public intellectual who undertakes the challenge of creating new meanings and new forms of expression on current issues.
WIESZCZ – BŁAZEN – LEGENDA: TRAJEKTORIA AUTORSKA ANATOLA SYSA
Authors: Kowalow Siergiej
Published: April 2019

Аrtykuł jest poświęcony złożonej trajektorii autorskiej Anatola Sysa (1959-2005), którego niezwyczajny los intryguje czytelnika nie mniej niż jego utwory poetyckie i wymusza na badaczach poszukiwanie wciąż nowych sposobów interpretacji jego artystycznych i życiowych metamorfoz. Ze wspomnień przyjaciół, artykułów naukowych i utworów artystycznych wyłania się sprzeczny wizerunek pisarza: głos pokolenia, przeciwnik ideologii komunistycznej, prorok odrodzenia narodowego, Geniusz, poeta obrzydliwy, błazen, alkoholik, wyrodek, cham. Owa różnorodność i odmienność interpretacji w ocenie osobowości Anatola Sysa oraz miejsca, które jego twórczość zajmuje w historii literatury białoruskiej, uzasadniona jest zdaniem autora artykułu trzema przyczynami: 1) niezwykłą i sprzeczną naturą poety; 2) specyfiką krótkiego okresu, w którym żył Anatol Sys, obejmującego trzy epoki: radziecką (do 1984 roku), epokę reform i odrodzenia narodowego (1985-1992) і epokę Alaksandra Łukaszenki (od 1994 roku); 3) złożoną trajektorią życiowej i twórczej drogi poety, w której można wyróżnić trzy okresy: wczesny, patriotyczny i przeklęty (okres przynależności do cyganerii artystycznej). Jeszcze za życia Anatola Sysa jego osoba zaczęła obrastać w mity i legendy, a po śmierci poety jego najlepsze utwory weszły do kanonu literatury narodowej XX wieku.
MITOLOGIE CZAJKI
Authors: Tomczok Marta
Published: April 2019

W artykule omawiam zjawisko mitologii polsko-żydowskiej artystki, aktywnej przede wszystkim w drugiej połowie XX wieku. Jest to mitologia „długiego trwania”, sięga bowiem czasów dwudziestolecia międzywojennego, surrealizmu, awangardy i warszawskiej cyganerii artystycznej. Przykładu dostarcza mi proza Izabeli Czajki Stachowicz, a także wypowiedzi krytyków literackich i publicystów: Jana Kotta, Krystyny Kolińskiej i Ryszarda Matuszewskiego. Omawiając stereotypy płciowe i stygmaty, jakimi opisywano po wojnie twórczość Czajki, staram się pokazać negatywne aspekty jej mitologii. Z kolei w jej prozie szukam reakcji na stygmatyzację w postaci symboli rzeczy i zwierząt (totemizm).
MITOLOGIE ARTYSTY ŚWIATA TEATRU. KAZIMIERZ DEJMEK I JERZY GROTOWSKI
Authors: Sobiecka Anna
Published: April 2019

Współczesna proza polska na nowo powraca do zagadnień artystowskich, próbując mitologizować obraz artysty świata teatru. W niniejszym artykule interesować mnie będzie grupa tekstów, które ujawniają szczególnego rodzaju zainteresowanie wybitnymi osobowościami polskiego teatru – Kazimierzem Dejmkiem i Jerzym Grotowskim. Wybrane utwory pierwowzór bohaterów powieściowych, a także schemat fabularny, zapożyczają z pogranicza biografii oraz wydarzeń teatralnych, a następnie transponują je w świat powieściowej fikcji. Zastosowana strategia kluczowa występuje w dwóch podstawowych wariantach – powieści pamfletu oraz powieści paraboli. Proces mitologizowania artysty teatru podporządkowany zostaje tworzeniu biografii fantazmatycznych, opartych na szczególnego rodzaju pakcie referencjalnym między nadawcą i odbiorcą tekstu.
Allocating Overseas: Risk Assessment of Currency Hedging in Taiwan Life Insurance Industry
Authors: Chang Shih-Chieh , Lee Yen-Kuan , Hsuan Wei , Tu Chang-ye
Published: April 2019

A persistent low-interest-rate environment has had a notable impact on the life insurance industry. For reducing the negative interest-rate spread problems, Taiwan life insurer’s asset allocation shift to international diversifies. In this paper, overseas investment is incorporated into the asset portfolio to reflect the growing practice of life insurers taking offshore risks for yield enhancement. We calibrate contract parameters and surplus distribution is investigated through feasible hedge strategies. Foreign-exchange volatility reserves, forward hedge, and basket hedge are compared based on the shortfall measures under risk-neutral valuation. The shareholder’s claim and default put options are compared. The numerical results show that FX volatility reserves are the most effective instrument for controlling currency risk, followed by basket hedge. By contrast, fully forward hedge is cost enhanced and might not generate the advantage of carry trade.
Mineralized biosignatures in ALH-77005 Shergottite - Clues to Martian Life?
Authors: Gyollai Ildikó , Polgári Márta , Bérczi Szaniszló , Gucsik Arnold , Pál-Molnár Elemér
Published: April 2019

The ALH-77005 Martian meteorite was found in Allan Hills on Antarctica during the Japanese National Institute of Polar Research (1977-1978) mission. One thin section sample was studied by optical microscopy for microtexture and by FTIR-ATR microscopy for interpretation of biogenic minerals and embedded organic materials. The geochemical data (biogenic elements, δ13C) of ALH-77005 meteorite from literature implementing recent results were compared to terrestrial geological samples. The ALH-77005 has poikilitic textures with coarse pyroxenes and brown olivines, and with recrystallized melt pocket. The coarse-grained minerals do not contain any alteration along the grain boundaries. Melt pocket and vicinity of opaque minerals contain biogenic signatures as filamentous, coccoidal forms of iron-oxidizing bacteria. The biosignatures were determined by 1) coccoidal, filamentous forms, 2) presence of embedded organic material, 3) presence of biogenic minerals, like ferrihydrite, goethite, and hematite. The other signatures for biogenicity of this meteorite are strong negative δ13C, enrichment of Fe, Mn, P, Zn in shock melt support scenario. This study proposes presence of microbial mediation on Mars.
The Treatment of Class III Malocclusion in Early Mixed Dentition: Two Case Reports/ Terapija malokluzija III klase u ranoj mešovitoj denticiji – prikaz dva slučaja
Authors: Sandić Marija Živković , Juloski Jovana , Stefanović Neda , Šćepan Ivana , Glišić Branislav
Published: April 2019

Class III malocclusion is orthodontic anomaly where mandibular arch is in mesial position to maxillary arch. Reasons for Class III malocclusion can be found in mandibular prognathism, maxillar retrognathism or combination of these two. In most cases of mandibular prognathism, it is necessary to postpone the treatment until the growth ceases. However, if certain conditions are accomplished it is possible to start early treatment of class III malocclusion to improve occlusal relations and provide more favorable environment for future growth. The aim of this study was to present treatment of two patients with Class III maloclussion in early mixed dentition, using two different appliances: Delaire mask and Frankel functional regulator type 3. The treatment with Delaire mask resulted in rotation of maxilla downward and forward due to the angle of extraoral part of the mask to the occlusal plane that was modified to be almost 45°. At the end of the treatment facial esthetics was significantly improved. Moving maxilla forward resulted in straight profile, whereas moving maxilla downward lead to coordination of upper, middle and lower facial third. The result of the treatment in patient who used Frankel functional regulator was correction of anterior crossbite by premaxilla development and incisors protrusion. Significant differences in SNA, SNB and ANB angle values at the beginning and at the end of the treatment were not found suggesting that most changes were dental but not skeletal
Radiographic Assessment of Peri-implant Bone Level – A Comparative Study of Digital Intraoral and Digital Panoramic Radiography
Authors: Gupta Ishita , Chaudhry Astha , Savita Solanki , Shetti Arvind
Published: April 2019

Introduction The objective of this study was to compare two radiographic methods - digital intraoral and digital panoramic radiography in assessing marginal bone level around dental implants. The study also evaluated inter-observer and intra-observer reliability during repeated assessments.

Material and Methods Marginal bone around 29 implants in 17 patients was assessed using standardized digital intraoral and digital panoramic radiographs. Two observers evaluated bone level by noting the thread at which marginal bone seemed to be attached at distal and mesial surfaces of the implants. The assessments were repeated after one week. Kappa statistics was used to evaluate agreement between assessments, observers, and radiographical methods.

Results The agreement rate between digital intraoral and digital panoramic radiography was fair. Intra-observer agreement was very good, while inter-observer agreement was moderate.

Conclusion Digital panoramic radiographs can be used to evaluate marginal bone level in patients with multiple implants and also to supplement intraoral radiographs. However, observer variability should be considered when comparing values from follow up studies for implant maintenance.
Correlation Between Pulpal and Carotid Arteries Blood Flow in Two Age Groups
Authors: Dželetović Bojan , Aleksić Nikola , Grga Djurica , Savić-Stanković Tatjana , Milanović Ivana , Radak Djordje
Published: April 2019

Introduction Vascular network of dental pulp is supplied through common and external carotid artery and terminal dental branches that supply each pulp tissue. Age related changes of pulp tissue influence pulpal vascularization as well. The aim of this study was to compare and correlate pulpal and common and external carotid artery blood flow in young and middle age individuals of general population.

Material and Methods Two groups of 10 participants were included in the study, young (20-25 years) and middle age (50-55 years) group. Pulpal blood flow (PBF) measurements on intact right and left upper central incisors were performed using laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) method. Carotid arteries blood flow was assessed using carotid ultrasonography.

Results PBF levels were significantly higher in young (3.11±0.67 and 3.46±1.11, right and left upper central incisors, respectively) compared to middle age (1.93±0.47 and 2.30±0.64, right and left upper central incisors, respectively) participants (independent sample t test; p<0.05). There was no correlation between common and external carotid artery blood flow and upper central incisors PBF in young as well as middle age participants, for right or left side.

Conclusion Absence of correlation between carotid arteries blood flow and PBF suggests that reduced PBF in middle age participants was probably not due to reduced blood supply from carotid arteries but it was result of age related changes at the level of pulpal blood vessels.
Dental Anxiety: Etiology and Treatment Options
Authors: Jovanović-Medojević Milica , Nešković Jelena , Medojević Aleksandar
Published: April 2019

Dental anxiety might be the cause of serious health problems. Avoiding dental visits can lead to complications with functional, esthetic and sociological consequences. In order to have a simple and efficient dental procedure, it is very important to diagnose dental anxiety and to react adequately. The aim of this paper is using available literature to present most frequent causes, consequences as well as treatment options for dental anxiety. Treating dental anxiety and choosing the right treatment is not always easy, however, it is important for dental practitioners to be able to assess patient’s behavior, possible causes of such behavior and select adequate therapy methods. Individual approach is very important as well as timely recognition and gradation of dental anxiety in order to apply adequate and successful dental treatment.
Microbiological Findings in Deep Caries Lesions
Authors: Kuzmanović Radman Irena , Djeri Aleksandra , Arbutina Adriana , Milašin Jelena
Published: April 2019

Introduction Caries is one of the most significant and widespread oral diseases. It has been confirmed that dental plaque, i.e. microorganisms in it, are the most important factor in the development of dental caries. Caries profunda represents deep carious lesion from where bacterial toxins may affect pulp through dentinal tubules. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of indirect pulp capping based on microbiological findings of bacteria present in deep carious lesions before and after the treatment.

Material and Methods The clinical study included 29 patients of both genders, aged 16 to 40 and 45 permanent teeth with deep caries lesions. The first microbiological sample was taken after cavity preparation and removal of soft dentin from the bottom of the cavity. The second sample was taken after the removal of temporary filling and calcium hydroxide paste 60 days after the indirect pulp capping treatment. The collected samples were stored in special sterile micro tubes (Eppendorf) and kept at the temperature of −80°C until microbiological analysis was performed. Samples were tested for the presence of the following microorganisms: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Enterococcus faecalis using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.

Results The results showed that prior to the treatment of deep carious lesions the most common species was E. faecalis (80% of samples), followed by A. actinomycetemcomitans (32% of samples), while the least common was P. gingivalis (16% of samples). After the treatment with products based on calcium hydroxide, E. faecalis was registered in 18% of samples, A. actinomycetemcomitans in 16% of samples and P. gingivalis was not registered in any sample.

Conclusion The most common bacterial species in teeth with deep caries lesions was E. faecalis, whereas A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis were found in lower number of samples.
The influence of sampling method on electrolyte concentrations, pH and buffer capacity of saliva in healthy individuals
Authors: Andjelski-Radičević Biljana , Milošević Maja , Dožić Ivan
Published: April 2019

Introduction Saliva is a complex secretion, which plays an important role in maintenance of oral health. Analysis of saliva is fast, simple and non-invasive, and it is increasingly used as a biological sample for determination of various biochemical markers. The aim was to determine the influence of unstimulated saliva collection methods for measuring electrolytes concentration (sodium, potassium, calcium), pH and buffer capacity of saliva in healthy subjects.

Material and methods 30 healthy subjects, males and females, aged 18 to 20 years, without oral and systemic diseases were included in the study. Unstimulated saliva samples were taken using a special tube (Salivette) and via direct spitting into the test tube. The concentrations of sodium and potassium were determined by flame emission photometry while spectrophotometry was used for calcium concentration. For the analysis of pH value of saliva pH-meter was used, while saliva buffer capacity was determined by titration with HCl (0.005 mol/L).

Results The level of sodium in unstimulated saliva collected in test tubes was 8.43 ± 3.92 mmol/L and in special tubes 7.90 ± 4.33 mmol/L. Potassium level in unstimulated saliva collected in test tubes was 13.62 ± 0.99 mmol/L while in special tubes it was 13.54 ± 0.94 mmol/L. Mean values of sodium and potassium in unstimulated saliva didn’t show statistically significant difference in their concentrations between the two methods of collecting saliva. In contrast to these electrolytes, calcium concentration was higher in the samples of saliva collected with special tubes (2.04 ± 1.05 mmol/L) compared to the samples taken by direct spitting into the test tube (1.38 ± 1.18 mmol/L) with statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). By analyzing the pH of unstimulated saliva it was found that the average pH value of saliva collected with special tubes was 7.05 ± 0.32, and after direct spitting into test tubes it was 7.35 ± 0.41. Buffer capacity of saliva in healthy subjects was lower after taking with special tubes (5.18 ± 0.74) compared to test tubes (5.36 ± 0.85), but without statistical difference.

Conclusion Unstimulated saliva collecting methods using cotton pads (salivette) and direct spitting in the test tube did not affect the value of pH, buffer capacity, the concentrations of sodium and potassium, but affected the concentration of calcium in saliva from healthy subjects.
En-face parameters change after orthodontic treatment of Class II malocclusion
Authors: Milutinović Jovana , Nedeljković Nenad
Published: April 2019

Introduction The aim was to evaluate the difference in en-face anthropometric facial parameters and proportions of patients with Class II malocclusion, before and after orthodontic treatment as well as changes in linear parameters and facial proportions and their deviation from ideal values.

Material and method In this study, en-face photographs before and after the treatment of 50 Class II malocclusion patients were used. Patients were divided in two groups; first group comprised 25 patients treated with multibracket appliance with extractions, and second group included 25 patients treated without extractions, using fixed functional Herbst and multibracket appliance. On each and every photo before and after the treatment facial points and lines were drawn, and linear parameters were determined, based on those markers.

Results showed change in anthropometric parameters in both groups of patients. Statistically significant difference was found for parameters in the middle and lower facial third. Facial proportions changed after the treatment in both groups and they approached ideal values and golden proportion 1:1.618 in the lower facial third.

Conclusion Patients with Class II, division 1 malocclusion, deviate from an ideal set of proportions, particularly in the lower facial third. After the orthodontic treatment, anthropometric parameters in the lower facial third were approaching ideal values.
Informative article. Scaffold in bone tissue engineering
Authors: Jokanović Vukoman , Čolović Božana , Popović-Bajić Marijana , Živković-Sandić Marija
Published: April 2019

Treatment of bone tissue injuries and diseases is still a great challenge for surgeons, but also for researchers who work with materials. Today stem cells are commonly used in bone tissue engineering. However, advances in biocompatible materials design, especially biodegradable porous structure (scaffold) is gaining an important role in the treatment of diseased bone tissue. The basic advantage of these carriers is specifically designed scaffold with defined porosity and pore structure that is favourable for cells settlement. Scaffolds are most commonly used as ceramic brackets because they have excellent characteristics in biodegradation and bioactivity. The process of scaffold production is important because the appropriate technology must ensure control of liquids and reproducibility of scaffold production through standardized process.

The aim of this study was to present some of different procedures of scaffold production in bone tissue engineering and point out the advantages and disadvantages of these methods.
Oral health related habits, knowledge and attittude in children with asthma
Authors: Davidović Bojana , Ivanović Mirjana , Bokonjić Dejan , Janković Svjetlana , Radović Igor , Lečić Jelena
Published: April 2019

Introduction The aim of this research was to determine oral hygiene related habits, knowledge and behavior in children with asthma compared to healthy children.

Methodology This study included 136 children, between 6 to 16 years of age, divided into the two groups. The first group included children with asthma (study group - SG), while the second included healthy children (control group - CG). A questionnaire containing three groups of questions related to oral-hygiene and dietery habits as well as oral health related behaviour in children was prepared.

Results The percentage of children from SG that brush teeth several times a day was 60.2% compared to 77.2% of CG children (p<0.05). 19.1% of SG group children versus 38.2% of CG children brush their teeth longer than 2 minutes (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the level of knowledge about plaque impact on oral health between the two groups (p>0.05). More than half (52.9%) of CG respondents regularly visit dentist, while 50.0% of SG goes regularly (p<0.01). 51.5% of CG children visit the pediatric dentist due to preventive reasons, while SG children goes mainly due to rehabilitation of teeth (42.6%). The fear of dental procedures is more pronounced in SG compared to CG children (p<0.001).

Conclusion Oral hygiene related habits and oral health behavior were worse in children with asthma, while no difference was found in relation to the knowledge among the observed groups.
Effects of radiotherapy on oral cavity tissues
Authors: Dožić Marko , Stojanović-Rundić Suzana , Plešinac-Karapandžić Vesna , Milanović Srđan , Milošević Nikola
Published: April 2019

Radiotherapy in the treatment of head and neck tumors is most often used as an independent method or in combination with surgery and / or chemotherapy. These therapeutic methods in a multidisciplinary approach generally lead to favourable therapeutic response. During radiotherapy of this region, oral mucosa is inevitably covered within irradiated volume. Radical therapy is achieved with high doses of radiation, which usually results in development of undesired toxic effects, which, depending on the time of manifestation can be acute and late. Acute radiation toxicity occurs during or immediately after completion of performed therapy, and the late one several months or years after the completed treatment. The most common acute complications in the oral cavity are inflammation of oral mucosa, loss of taste, dry mouth and secondary infections. Late complications include radiation caries, trismus, and osteoradionecrosis. The aim of this paper was to present the effects and specificities of toxicity observed on oral cavity tissues after radiotherapy.
The Evolution of Articulators – Part II
Authors: Mann Navneet Kaur , Pasricha Neeta , Singh Kavipal , Mann Navjot Singh
Published: April 2019

Articulators are instruments that aimed to reproduce the range of jaw movements. The first instrument designs were attempts to duplicate anatomic relations or reproduce functional movements of the anatomy. They were able to preserve centric position only. More sophisticated articulating instruments evolved as more was learned about the anatomy, mandibular movements, and mechanical principles. Over time, interest for articulators progressed. Articulators became adjustable, and they attempted to reproduce jaw movements of each patient by reproducing the anatomy of temporomandibular joints (TMJ’s) and related structures. Part I of the article has discussed evolution of articulators beginning from the 18th century till 1940. A history of articulators from 1940 till today is discussed in the present article.
Transformationen religiöser Bildung in Ostdeutschland – ein Rückblick auf Religionspädagogik und Katechetik nach 1989
Authors: Hoenen Raimund
Published: April 2019

This contribution inquires into the processes of change within ecclesial instruction which were occassioned by the introduction of religous education in schools in the East German federal states. This review takes it bearings from the decisions made in the federal and ecclesial educational policy of that time and inquires into the transformations in school and parish education which they entailed. The various developments in the federal states provide insight into how religious education changes when finding its way in a predominantly unchurched society.
„Veränderung ist möglich.“ Ein Interview über die ostdeutsche Religions- und Gemeindepädagogik vor, während und nach der Friedlichen Revolution
Authors: Steinhäuser Martin
Published: April 2019

This contribution presents a written interview with Prof. Dr. Martin Steinhäuser (Moritzburg) concerning developments in East German religious education in schools and congregations before, during, and after the Peaceful Revolution. The focal point consists in the personal-subjective recollections of the revolution from thirty years ago and the relationship to the newly established professorships in East German university faculties.
„Das hatte eine existenzielle Dringlichkeit…“. Ein Interview über die ostdeutsche Religions- und Gemeindepädagogik vor, während und nach der Friedlichen Revolution
Authors: Schröder Bernd
Published: April 2019

This contribution documents an interview with Prof. Dr. Bernd Schröder (Göttingen) concerning his perception and evaluation of East German religious education in schools and congregations before, during, and after the Peaceful Revolution. Special attention is given to the report of a church internship which he completed in Saxony in 1987.
A Modified Oedometer Setup for Simultaneously Measuring Hydromechanical Stress-Strain Paths for Soils in the Unsaturated State
Authors: Maleksaeedi Emad , Nuth Mathieu , Momoh Nana , Chekired Mohamed
Published: April 2019

This article reports a modified setup for an automatic oedometer apparatus that was designed at the Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. The proposed setup can be used to simultaneously measure the superimposed volume change of a soil specimen caused by mechanical loading and suction imposition along with continuous measurement of water exchange. The combined use of air and water volume/pressure controllers allows the operator to use the axis translation technique to impose matric suction. The setup can also be used to carry out the conventional negative water column technique using a single burette or the water volume/pressure controller to apply suction within the range of 0 kPa to 25 kPa under atmospheric air pressure conditions. A modified Tempe cell was designed to ensure the airtightness of the cell and enhance the freedom of the specimens to move vertically during one-dimensional loading and soil-water retention tests, which is particularly of interest for practical cases in which accurate vertical deformation measurement (as low as 0.02 %) is required. Details of the calibration and test procedures are described and discussed. The test results of reconstituted specimens of a fine sand mixture and Ascot Corner silt are also presented to demonstrate the key features of the modified apparatus.
Collaborative Optimization of Nonlinear Hydropneumatic Suspension Dynamic Characteristics
Authors: Wu Wenguang , Hu Lin , Zhang Zhiyong
Published: April 2019

Vehicle handling stability and ride comfort play important roles in a vehicle’s performance. This article proposes a new concept for vehicle handling and ride optimization. The proposed method combines the handling optimization object and design variables with the ride optimization object and design variables. This optimization is based on a rigid-flexible model of a dump truck used for mining and equipped with nonlinear hydropneumatic suspension. The truck model is a composite of a flexible main-chassis and other rigid parts. Optimization is realized using the response surface model because it is based on the design of experiment (DOE) method, and then the DOE results are calculated in the rigid-flexible model. The proximate model is then optimized using Isight software. The optimized results are compared with the numerical results that are calculated in the dynamic model in the ADAMS software, the results of which indicate that the optimized dynamic performance is enhanced, including the handling and ride characteristics. The proposed method can provide a balance for vehicle performance optimization.
Le parcours d’une expérience scientifique en éthique France/Québec. Ses étapes, ses perspectives
Authors: Jean Marc
Published: April 2019

L’attrait pour l’éthique s’est largement transformé au cours du dernier demi-siècle. L’accès auxnormes, aux codes, aux chartes et aux guides pour baliser la route humaine, et de façon plus spécifique sur lesplans professionnel et organisationnel, produit une bonne partie de l’effet de sensibilisation. Celle-ci offre unesorte de garantie que le bateau sociétal va être en mesure de modifier son orientation. Pour l’heure, la recherche d’une formation de la personne, de la collectivité, à l’intégration d’une composante éthique au coeur de la pratique nous mobilise et nous entraîne dans une visée de dépassement, à travers une patiente recherche d’estime de soi, de sollicitude et d’une plus grande justice. Le travail a essentiellement porté sur une conjugaison de l’éthique aux trois personnes grammaticales. Dès lors s’en est dégagé une dynamique éthique à laquelle nous souhaitons vous faire prendre part.
Entre cohérence et cohésion : humain ou performant? L’organisation dans une perspective éthique
Authors: Faul Fabien
Published: April 2019

La question éthique dans les organisations est indissociable de celle de la qualité des relations humaines et de la question de l’anthropologie philosophique. Penser le travail social suppose ainsi d’intégrer la réflexion menée dans et autour de la philosophie du caring, au nom d’une vulnérabilité constitutive de l’être humain. Cette perspective peut être éclairée et enrichie par la philosophie du sujet transcendantal développée au sein de la phénoménologie. La vulnérabilité, tout autant que l’appel à la responsabilité ou la réciprocité dans la vie sociale s’enracinent dans cette transcendantalité du sujet, et peuvent s’exprimer dans la narration de soi. Il y a là des dimensions que l’intégration du Don dans la vie sociale peut signifier et honorer. Dans la mesure où le travail social suppose l’accueil et la reconnaissance des sujets en tant que sujets une perspective éthique ricoeurienne attirera l’attention sur la fécondité que l’on peut attendre d’une conception du sujet en termes deSoi transcendantal, de l’identité narrative ainsi que du Don.
Le développement d’une économie des singularités dans le champ de l’action sociale et médico-sociale en France : un nouveau champ de questionnements éthiques
Authors: Benoit Didier
Published: April 2019

Le secteur social et médico-social en France doit faire face à des besoins sociaux qui évoluent rapidementet profondément. La transformation du secteur, orchestrée par les politiques publiques, s’organise autour dudéveloppement d’une économie de prestations, censée s’adapter au traitement de besoins de publics fragilisés, notamment par l’âge et les handicaps. Ce marché rassemble des services professionnels personnalisés, susceptibles de répondre aux particularités des personnes qui le sollicitent. Cette transformation s’accompagne de produits et services singuliers, incommensurables, dont le « consommateur » est guidé pour faire le meilleur choix possible. Cette quête est peu évidente, car elle relève d’un marché opaque et incertain quant à la qualité des prestations. Pour pallier ce défaut, le « consommateur » est obligé de recourir à des méthodes d’information lui permettant d’orienter son choix. L’économie des singularités, théorie développée par Karpik (2007), offre une lecture sociologique intéressante du développement du marché prestataire dans le secteur social et médico-social, et dispose d’outils d’analyse rendant intelligible la réalité de cette évolution.
Dessine-toi un modèle! Récit de pratique
Authors: Rocheleau Johanne
Published: April 2019

Cet article est un récit de pratique qui relate la coconstruction d’un modèle d’une démarche éthique,élaboré par un groupe de praticiens et de professeurs, raconté du point de vue de la personne qui a amorcé lamodélisation de cette démarche. Sans connaissance en éthique, mais spécialiste en design pédagogique et en ergonomie cognitive des interfaces d’apprentissage, et dans les faits, gestionnaire d’un service public, l’auteure a utilisé un outil de sa pratique quotidienne : la technique de modélisation par objets typés. Elle a ainsi représenté sa compréhension des discussions de la communauté de pratique et partagé sa vision avec les autres membres pour mieux comprendre les dimensions et les composantes d’une démarche éthique. Il en est ressorti un modèle commun qui peut soutenir le gestionnaire dans sa pratique et l’aider à considérer tous les éléments et les angles avant de prendre des décisions pour l’action.
La Politique nationale de la ruralité et ses effets sur la santé des communautés rurales du Québec
Authors: Parent André-Anne , Simard Paule , Richardson Mary , Richard Julie
Published: April 2019

Cette recherche a pour objectif de mieux comprendre les effets de la Politique nationale de la ruralité (PNR) du Québec sur la santé et le bien-être des individus et des communautés. Elle se base sur une étude de cas multi-site, dans six municipalités réparties dans trois Municipalités régionales de comté du Québec. Une approchequalitative de type interprétative a été retenue, mettant de l’avant une analyse thématique à travers un cadre conceptuel reposant sur les déterminants de la santé. Les résultats démontrent la contribution des projets et processus déployés dans le cadre de la PNR affectant positivement les déterminants de la santé, notamment, la capacité à fournir des services, à encourager les saines habitudes de vie et à favoriser la cohésion sociale. En outre, cette recherche a permis d’illustrer de façon concrète la manière dont la Politique nationale de la ruralité contribue à la santé des individus et des communautés rurales.
L’ humanitude au pouvoir : une éthique territoriale?
Authors: Brochu Isabel
Published: April 2019

Les citoyens peuvent décider du bien commun. Ce postulat, défendu par Jacques Testart, biologiste de lareproduction et critique de la science, invite à réfléchir sur l’implication des citoyens dans les processus décisionnels visant divers enjeux de société. Il propose la convention de citoyens comme cadre procédural pour débattre et élaborer des avis au nom de l’intérêt de l’humanité et du bien commun. L’auteure présente les grandes étapes de cette convention et compare deux d’entre elles à des modèles pratiqués en sol québécois : celui du Bureau d’audiences publiques sur l’environnement (BAPE) et la concertation de parties prenantes. L’exercice comparatif met en évidence des différences entre les procédures tout en ouvrant la voie à de nouvelles pratiques relevant d’une éthique territoriale. La question centrale est de déterminer comment une communauté peut choisir, et selon quelles modalités, les valeurs guidant le développement de leur territoire? Des freins existent et la multiplication d’expériences serait une voie intéressante pour expérimenter dans les différentes échelles territoriales (locale, supra-locale et régionale).
Transformación estructural y productividad sectorial en Costa Rica
Authors: Alfaro Ureña Alonso , Vindas Quesada Alberto
Published: April 2019

Este trabajo documenta el proceso de transformación estructural que experimentó Costa Rica a partir de 1950 y por las siguientes seis décadas. Tal como ha sido ampliamente documentado en la literatura, los países que incrementan el ingreso de sus habitantes usualmente experimentan una reasignación de trabajo desde el sector agrícola hacia el sector manufactura y el de servicios. Para Costa Rica se observa un patrón similar que, no obstante, tiene particularidades que se discutirán a fondo. En este documento se presentan ejercicios contrafactuales que toman como punto de partida el modelo de Duarte & Restuccia (2010) calibrado con la información actualizada para Costa Rica y Estados Unidos.
El estudio arqueológico del ritual
Authors: Centeno Sara-Lafosse Rafael Vega
Published: April 2019

Esta es una propuesta metodológica para el estudio del ritual, entendido como práctica social significativa, desde una perspectiva arqueológica. Para tal fin, se discute la significancia social del ritual dentro de los grupos humanos. Asimismo, se señalan algunas características transculturales de las prácticas rituales y sus correlatos materiales. Sobre la base de esta discusión, se presentan algunas líneas metodológicas de cómo evaluar estos correlatos en el registro arqueológico. Se da un énfasis especial, por un lado, a la naturaleza de los procesos de descarte de objetos y artefactos rituales y, por otro lado, a las características del diseño arquitectónico de los espacios destinados a las prácticas rituales. Se evalúan dos dimensiones del diseño en la arquitectura ritual: la estructura espacial y la estructura perceptual.
El Partido Unión Revolucionaria y su proyecto totalitario - Fascista. Perú 1933 - 1936
Authors: Molinari Morales Tirso
Published: April 2019

Este estudio presenta las características centrales de un Partido fascista en el Perú, su organización, ideología y significado político en América Latina en la década de los 30 del siglo XX. Examina y analiza al Partido Unión Revolucionaria y el proceso de formación del populismo conservador y carismático de un movimiento político liderado por Luis M. Sánchez Cerro: un militar cuyo gobierno dictatorial desbordó lo que se podría tipificar como «bonapartismo», en cuanto el especial carácter autoritario-populista que implicó. Bajo este panorama presentaremos las pistas históricas esenciales del periplo fascista de aquel partido, sus complejas relaciones con el poder, sus ejes ideológicos y corporativistas, su xenofobia frente a la inmigración asiática, su organización, en especial de sus camisas negras, y el carácter totalitario de su proyecto político entre 1933 y 1936.
El lugar de la sociología en las ONG y en la enseñanza universitaria. Un dilema no resuelto. Reflexiones y propuestas
Authors: Vargas Morales Zenón Eduardo
Published: April 2019

No hay dudas de que las perspectivas fundamentales en la enseñanza universitaria de la sociología en los momentos actuales son cada vez más complejas por la gran fuerza transformadora de la globalización y la modernización en el mundo de hoy. Hecho que exige a los que cultivamos la sociología, nuevas reflexiones epistemológicas, teóricas y metodológicas desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria. En esa medida, lo que pretendo es sólo bosquejar algunas ideas sobre la enseñanza universitaria de la sociología, teniendo a San Marcos como mi principal referente de observación y reflexión. Asimismo, han sido mis alumnos los que me han motivado a estas preocupaciones al observar en ellos cada vez un mayor interés por las cuestiones prácticas e instrumentales antes que el conocimiento de los clásicos y contemporáneos de la sociología y repensar con ellos sociológicamente sobre la compleja trama social, política y cultural del país. Me pareció importante hacer estas notas, dirigido principalmente a ellos.
Indios y moriscos
Authors: Plasencia Soto Rommel
Published: April 2019

Texto que describe brevemente la experiencia colonial española con la población islámica después de la toma de Granada en 1492. Experiencia sustentada en la intolerancia, el prejuicio y la exclusión. Sustento que anidará en el nuevo mundo.
Distribución de varillales y chamizales en la zona reservada Allpahuayo Mishana (Zram) utilizando imagen digital del satélite Landsat tm.
Authors: Gómez Darwin
Published: April 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido caracterizar la vegetación amazónica por sus valores de reflectancia y correlacionarlos con las características del terreno en la ZRAM. La imagen del satélite Landsat TM es de setiembre del 2000, el trabajo de campo se realizó en setiembre del 2001, con un año de diferencia las características de la vegetación no cambia. Se utilizó un GPS para correlacionar nuestra interpretación del campo con la imagen del satélite Landsat TM que mostraba los «varillales» y «chamizales», esta distribución espacial en la imagen se correlacionó en el terreno con la imagen del satélite y los puntos en el GPS..
La política de distensión a partir de los años 80 y el resurgimiento de la sociedad civil en Argentina.
Authors: Baisotti Pablo
Published: April 2019

La vuelta a la democracia para Argentina, en la década de los 80, no fue un camino para nada allanado. El presidente Alfonsín tuvo que maniobrar frente a diversos actores tales como las fuerzas armadas, la sociedad civil, los sindicatos, los partidos políticos, las fuerzas económicas –nacionales e internacionales– que intentaron lograr un posicionamiento frente a la nueva realidad. Es así como durante los años 80 en Argentina se vivió dentro de un frágil equilibrio que varias veces fue quebrado (alzamientos militares, crisis hiperinflacionaria), y que incluso todavía no se ha recompuesto. El acercamiento a los países del Cono Sur, en particular con Brasil, otorgó crédito internacional al gobierno radical, aunque la precaria situación interna ocasionó tal debilitamiento que el gobierno tuvo que ceder el lugar antes de concluido su mandato.
Sobre la invisibilización y las representaciones de lo indígena en el Perú. algunas reflexiones sobre problemas centrales en la construcción social de la ciudadanía.
Authors: Molinari Morales Tirso Aníbal
Published: April 2019

Este trabajo busca reflexionar sobre la compleja relación entre lo indígena, sus representaciones, sus autorrepresentaciones y resignificaciones, la dificultad de las aperturas interculturales, la huella de la mentalidad oligárquica y las diversas significaciones de lo nacional y lo moderno en el Perú.
Entre la docencia y la academia. La modernización de la Universidad de San Marcos 1860 - 1928.
Authors: Loayza Alex
Published: April 2019

Este artículo presenta una visión general de la historia de la universidad de San Marcos y expone los mecanismos institucionales a través de los cuales otorgaba grados académicos a los graduandos en cumplimiento de un conjunto de propósitos educativos planteados entre 1860 y 1928. El objetivo del texto es la de reconstruir el rol que cumple la universidad en la sociedad en una coyuntura histórica y revisar la visión negativa que nos han dejado las generaciones del Novecientos y del Centenario. Finalmente, postula unas breves reflexiones sobre el valor de las tesis de grado como documentos históricos y el uso de la historiografía contemporánea.