bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Love of one’s musical instrument as a predictor of happiness and satisfaction with musical experience
Authors: Sternberg Robert J , Hurwitz Emily Rose , Hwang Angel Hsing-Chi , Kuhl Melanie K
Published: June 2022

In this study, we performed a first assessment of the construct validity of a theory and measure of love for music students’ musical instruments. In all, 288 undergraduates at a large and selective Northeastern university in the United States completed measures of their love of their musical instrument with respect to intimacy, passion, and commitment, the three components of a triangular theory of love. They also provided information about their affective, motivational, and behavioral outcomes with regard to their instrument. The components of the theory of love significantly predicted all affective, motivational, and behavioral outcomes. Moreover, each component of the theory could be measured in a way that showed high internal-consistency reliability. However, the scales of intimacy, passion, and commitment showed less discriminant validity with respect to each other than we ideally would have hoped for.
Separating the art from the artist: The role of narratives on music enjoyment and appreciation
Authors: Steinhardt Joe , McClaran Nikki
Published: June 2022

This study tests the effect to which narratives influence the enjoyment and appreciation of popular music. Two experiments tested how narratives about artists influenced listener perception of their songs. Experiment 1 found that narratives about artists influence how their music is appreciated and enjoyed. Experiment 2 found that this influence was due to narratives increasing how much listeners like the artist and desire to see them succeed. The increase in enjoyment and appreciation was stronger for songs that were not as well-liked to begin with. The results suggest that narratives about creators may influence the perception of their work.
The Impact of Working with Farm Animals on People with Offending Histories: A Scoping Review
Authors: Payne Libby , McMurran Mary , Glennan Clare , Mercer Jenny
Published: June 2022

Within the Criminal Justice System, using animals for therapeutic or rehabilitative purposes has garnered momentum and is extensively researched. By contrast, the evidence concerning the impact of farm animal work, either on prison farms or social farms for community sanctions, is less well understood. This review sought to explore the evidence that exists in relation to four areas: (1) farm animals and their contribution to rehabilitation from offending; (2) any indicated mechanisms of change; (3) the development of a human—food/production animal bond, and (4) the experiences of forensic service users working with dairy cattle. Fourteen articles were included in the review. Good quality research on the impact of working with farm animals and specifically dairy cattle, with adult offenders, was very limited. However, some studies suggested that the rehabilitative potential of farm animals with offenders should not be summarily dismissed but researched further to firmly establish impact.
Elizabeth Casson Memorial Lecture 2022: Optimising performance, clinical and economic outcomes in occupational therapy service delivery
Authors: Chu Sidney
Published: June 2022

The rise in health and social care costs has prompted a critical look at the way health and social care services are managed and delivered. There has been a significant change in assessing the performance and evaluating the outcomes of services. Where once only performance outcome data related to service efficiency were required, now evidence of clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness is demanded. When evaluating the outcomes of service delivery, it is important to measure performance outcomes (related to service efficiency), clinical outcomes (related to service effectiveness) and economic outcomes (related to cost-effectiveness). This lecture examines the interdependent relationship between performance, clinical and economic outcomes in service delivery which is underpinned by strong leadership, the application of various service improvement strategies and collaborative research between managers, clinicians, researchers and health economists, with patient and public involvement. Service improvement strategies based on practice-based and research-based evidence will be suggested to optimise performance, clinical and economic outcomes. My lecture concludes that occupational therapists should adopt these service improvement strategies and conduct clinical researches and economic evaluations to develop an efficient, effective and cost-effective service which can meet the client’s needs by using allocated resources and is value for money from a commissioning perspective.
Microsimulation Study Evaluating the Benefits of Cyclic and Non-Cyclic Max-Pressure Control of Signalized Intersections
Authors: Robbennolt Jake , Chen Rongsheng , Levin Michael
Published: June 2022

Max-pressure control is a decentralized method of traffic intersection control, making computations at individual intersections simple. In addition, this method of control has been proven to maximize network throughput if any traffic signal control can stabilize the demand. This paper tests max-pressure controllers in a large-scale microsimulation of the downtown Austin network using the microscopic traffic simulation package SUMO. Nine combinations of weight function and method of defining green time are studied to see how different variations on the max-pressure controller compare. It is shown that the way green time is assigned (cyclic or non-cyclic) has a larger impact on performance than the weight function used by the max-pressure controller. Based on these results a new way of assigning green time is devised. This novel controller mirrors the performance of either the cyclic or the non-cyclic controller depending on the geometry and demand. Large-scale simulation shows that this controller compares favorably with existing controllers using metrics of number of waiting vehicles and average travel time. Common problems with non-cyclic control include the higher likelihood of gridlock and the potential for very long waiting times when demand at a single intersection is asymmetric. On the other hand, the cyclic controller is required to allocate green time to every phase even if the demand is low, increasing the loss time. The novel semi-cyclic controller solves these inherent problems with the cyclic and non-cyclic controllers, making it more likely to be implemented by traffic engineers.
‘I Can Construct It in My Own Way’: A Critical Qualitative Examination of Gender Self-Categorisation Processes
Authors: Jackson Emma F. , Sheanoda Veronica , Bussey Kay
Published: June 2022

Gender self-categorisation is used to communicate a gender group membership in daily life and is recognised across research as an important facet of an individual’s identity. However, understandings of the psychological processes associated with gender self-categorisation have, historically, been restricted by binary, cisgender assumptions. This study qualitatively examined the processes associated with gender self-categorisation in a sample of transgender (binary and nonbinary, n = 15) individuals alongside a negative case analysis of one cisgender woman. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to construct a map of components which interacted to inform participants’ gender self-categorisation. Participants reported that their self-categorisation was reciprocally informed by their internal sense of gendered self, their gendered attributes and by other people’s perceptions. Further, participants’ knowledge and understanding of gender in the world more broadly provided context for this reciprocal process. The process of gender self-categorisation mapped in this study has important implications for researchers regarding theory and methods, for educators and parents regarding how children might be taught about gender and for clinicians regarding how to talk with clients about gender outside of a diagnostic framework.
Agreement Between Mother and Father Reports of IPV in a Sample of Child Protection Referred Coparents
Authors: Stover Carla S. , Shafai Anahita , Kwinjo Sharon J. , Farren Angela R. , Mazany Elizabeth , McFaul Ciara J.
Published: June 2022

Accurate assessment of intimate partner violence (IPV) using standardized measures can be a challenge as there is often discrepancy between partner reports, with previous research indicating very poor concordance between partners using the Conflict Tactics Scale. This study examines agreement between coparent reports of IPV using the Abusive Behavior Inventory (ABI) from 282 coparent dyads referred for Fathers for Change, an IPV intervention by the Department of Children and Families (DCF). Differences in partner concordance using intraclass correlations were examined based on type of violence, marital status/cohabitation, race/ethnicity and substance misuse problems. Intraclass correlations were also calculated for eight power and control items unique to the ABI. Overall agreement between coparents was poor. However, there was greater concordance about mothers’ who have used IPV toward fathers than fathers’ use of IPV toward mothers. There was lower agreement between reports of physical than psychological IPV especially for white coparents. All types of coparent relationships showed low levels of agreement, but cohabiting coparents showed the highest levels of agreement when reporting fathers’ IPV. In cases with one parent exhibiting substance misuse, concordance between reports of IPV increased. Results are consistent with prior findings that women report higher IPV than fathers even when assessments are done in the context of a DCF IPV treatment referral.
Buried Treasure? Local Foundations’ Knowledge Sharing in Jordan and Palestine
Authors: Harrow Jenny , Sola Yunus
Published: June 2022

Promotion and study of knowledge sharing among philanthropic foundations globally, led by western institutions and scholars, pays minimal attention to knowledge sharing undertaken by national and local foundations in non-western regions and countries. Yet such settings are often sites of extensive international (largely western-led), philanthropic investment, where interfoundation knowledge sharing may be especially valuable. This article reports research on knowledge sharing in 12 nationally based foundations, working locally in youth development in Jordan and Palestine (West Bank). Findings from case studies and interview data reveal a range of internal knowledge-sharing activities, linked to individual foundations’ program development and incorporating beneficiary perspectives. These developments contrast significantly with the lack of external knowledge sharing and the absence of invitations to share knowledge with international foundations, active in these countries. The implications of these findings for foundation philanthropy theory and practice, and for knowledge-sharing scholarship are considered and a continuing research agenda proposed.
Working from Home and Work–Family Conflict
Authors: Laß Inga , Wooden Mark
Published: June 2022

Longitudinal evidence on whether, and under what conditions, working from home is good or bad for family life is largely absent. Using 15 waves of data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey, this study investigates the association between working from home and work–family conflict among parents. Fixed-effects structural equation models reveal that more hours worked at home are associated with less work–family conflict. This association, however, is only sizeable (and significant) for those working most of their hours at home. Furthermore, mothers benefit significantly more from home working than fathers. Additionally, mediation analysis suggests the association between working from home and work–family conflict is partly mediated by the level of schedule control, commuting time, and unsocial work hours. Whereas increased schedule control and less commuting among home workers reduce work–family conflict, home working is also associated with more unsocial work hours, which increases work–family conflict.
Trapped equivalence ratio determination in two-stroke engines
Authors: Bajwa Abdullah U , Patterson Mark , Jacobs Timothy J
Published: June 2022

The chemical composition of the trapped fuel-air-residual gas mixture controls the nature of combustion in internal combustion engines and thus serves as a key determinant of the ensuing emissions and work production processes. A frequently used trapped composition metric for engine control is the trapped equivalence ratio. Unfortunately, in two-stroke engines, it is unfeasible to accurately determine this using traditional intake flow and exhaust emissions measurements because of the simultaneous occurrence of intake and exhaust processes, which causes: (1) exhaust emissions to be diluted by the slippage (short-circuiting) of fresh air through the exhaust ports, i.e., trapping inefficiencies, and (2) high residual combustion product retainment, i.e., scavenging inefficiencies.

The current paper supplements scavenging efficiency data obtained in a previous study for a cross-scavenged, natural-gas, two-stroke engine with experimental trapping efficiency data from the same engine, and characterizes the overall gas-exchange (scavenging + trapping) behavior of the engine at two engine loads, three speeds, and three spark timings. The trapping efficiency experiments use natural gas as a tracer for fresh charge and the total gas-exchange data is used to compute the trapped equivalence ratio. The trapping performance of the engine – which improves with speed and load increase, and spark retardation – along with scavenging, volumetric, thermal, and combustion efficiency changes determine the trapped equivalence ratio of the engine. The relationship between trapped equivalence ratio and NOx emissions is presented and the importance of accounting for scavenging and trapping inefficiencies in accurately determining equivalence ratio is discussed.
Deep reinforcement learning-based energy management strategies for energy-efficient driving of hybrid electric buses
Authors: Wang Kunyu , Yang Rong , Huang Wei , Mo Jinchuan , Zhang Song
Published: June 2022

The fuel economy of hybrid electric vehicles is inextricably linked to the energy management strategy (EMS). In this study, a practicality-oriented learning-based EMS for a power-split hybrid electric bus (HEB) is presented, which combines the generative adversarial imitation learning (GAIL) and deep reinforcement learning (DRL). Considering the regular and fixed route of the HEB, optimal control samples that are not affected by the cost function can be obtained by the boundary-line dynamic programing (B-DP) method. On this basis, the samples are dynamically fitted using the GAIL method to inverse derive the reward function that can explain the B-DP control behavior. Concurrently, the proximal policy optimization DRL algorithm will regulate the energy distribution of the vehicle in real time and continuously optimize the energy management capability based on the reward feedback from GAIL. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed EMS is verified by simulation. The results show that the proposed strategy exhibits near-optimal control performance under both the China heavy-duty commercial vehicle cycle-bus and China city bus cycle.
Accurate inertia identification method of machine tool feed drives by considering the influence of current loop dynamics and friction
Authors: Zhan Chengpeng , Yang Xiao , Lyu Dun , Zhao Wanhua , Chen Yaolong
Published: June 2022

Accurate identification of the moment of inertia is the basis of modeling, simulation, and controller design of machine tool feed drives. However, insufficient consideration of colored noise factors (such as current loop dynamics, Coulomb’s friction, Stribeck’s friction, and nonlinear damping) will lead to inaccurate inertial identification results. This article proposes a new accurate offline identification method to accurately identify the equivalent inertia of machine tool feed drives. It is based on the least squares method and the instrumental variable method, and the equivalent time constant of the current loop, Coulomb’s friction parameters, Stribeck’s friction parameters, and the nonlinear damping parameter can be identified simultaneously with the inertia. First, a discrete transfer function of feed drives that considers the first-order dynamics of the current loop, Coulomb’s friction, Stribeck’s friction, and nonlinear damping is established. Then, inertia and the equivalent time constant of the current loop, Coulomb’s friction parameters, Stribeck’s friction parameters, and the nonlinear damping parameter are identified simultaneously based on the least squares method. Third, the instrumental variable method is used to correct the parameters identified by the least squares method. Finally, the inertia identification experiments are carried out on a ball screw feed drive system under different types and amplitudes of input signals. The experimental results show that the proposed inertia identification method can effectively improve the accuracy of inertia identification and its robustness to the input signal amplitude.
Establishing an everyday scientific reasoning scale to learn how non-scientists reason with science
Authors: Golumbic Yaela N. , Dalyot Keren , Barel-Ben David Yael , Keller Melanie
Published: June 2022

Scientific concepts and core ideas are fundamental for scientific inquiry and research. However, they are not always understood by non-scientists who encounter science in the media, conversations with friends, and other daily contexts. To assess how non-scientists reason with science in daily life, we extend the work described by Drummond and Fischhoff by developing an everyday scientific reasoning scale and demonstrating its ability to predict the use and application of daily scientific information. This article features three studies describing the development, validation, and use of the everyday scientific reasoning scale. Findings demonstrate an association between respondents’ scores on the everyday science reasoning scale and their level of education and suggest that using daily scenarios for framing science facilitates the process of understanding scientific concepts. These results have important implications for communicating science in society and engaging diverse populations with science.
Preparation and characterization of antibacterial chitosan nanocomposites loaded with cellulose/chitosan nanofibers and essential oils
Authors: Aghayan Neda Sadat , Seyfi Javad , Asadollahzadeh Mohammad Javad , Davachi Seyed Mohammad , Hasani Maryam
Published: June 2022

Multi-component nanocomposites based on chitosan, cellulose/chitosan nanofibers, and essential oils were developed in this study through solution casting technique. Both surface and structural properties of the nanocomposites were characterized. Surface morphology results revealed that the chitosan nanofibers were more localized at the films’ surface than the cellulose nanofibers, leading to enhanced hydrophobicity (contact angle = 95°). Moreover, the essential oils were distributed as micrometer-scale oil domains at the films’ surfaces, making them heterogeneous, leading to a much more hydrophilic character (contact angle = 30–36°). X-ray diffraction results revealed the disrupting role of nanofibers on the crystalline structure of chitosan; however, upon the addition of essential oils, the crystalline network was less affected than the pure chitosan film. The enhanced stiffness of the films in the presence of nanofibers was demonstrated by dynamic mechanical analysis. In contrast, the addition of essential oils highly reduced the stiffness, making the films much more flexible, which could benefit food packaging applications. Antibacterial properties were highly increased in the presence of essential oils, and the barrier properties were also improved, especially by the use of chitosan nanofibers. In conclusion, the developed nanofiber-loaded chitosan films could be considered innovative packaging to promote food conservation.
A critical review on damage modeling and failure analysis of pin joints in fiber reinforced composite laminates
Authors: Gupta Akash , Singh Manjeet , Singh Jaswinder , Singh Sunpreet , Prakash Chander
Published: June 2022

Fiber-reinforced composite material plays a vital role in structural engineering due to its lightweight and high strength ratio which becomes a key material in a mechanically fastened pin joint. Recent review articles in this area were restricted to the numerical and experimental approaches which are used for strength prediction of pin joints in polymer matrix composites. The present study begins with an extensive analysis of relevant studies in the provided structurally clamped joint region using numerous numerical approaches and theories of failure. Numerous experimental and numerical approaches are available nowadays and have been cited by the researchers in their respective research to foretell the damage initiation and failure mode in the composite joint. The study gives the review of different numerical analyses of composite joints by utilizing interactive criteria for failure analysis, viz. Tsai-Wu, Tsai-Hill, Yamada Sun’s theory predicts failure using higher-order polynomial equations that comprise all stress or strain components, whereas limit stress criteria i.e. Maximum stress criterion which uses linear equations for finding the solution. Progressive Damage Analysis (PDA) quantifies matrix and fiber failure using the material depletion rule preceded by Hashin’s theory which offers a good interpretation irrespective of the types of composite material. In the end, various parameters are discussed which enhance joint performance under different loading conditions.
Dynamic mechanical behaviour of graphene, hexagonal boron nitride reinforced carbon-kevlar, hybrid fabric-based epoxy nanocomposites
Authors: Madarvoni Srivatsava , PS Rama Sreekanth
Published: June 2022

An emphasis on the development of lightweight structures in multitudes of engineering applications has broadened the scope for the continual development of fiber-reinforced composites due to their lightweight and superior strength. The current work is aimed to investigate the influence of fillers graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) on carbon, Kevlar, and hybrid fabric when they form fiber-reinforced composites. In particular, the properties such as storage modulus, loss modulus, damping factor, and glass transition temperature were determined for various composites to understand the influence of fillers, fabric combinations, and their interaction in synergy. The unique contribution of this work also lies in the inter-correlation of Full width-half Maximum (FWHM) of loss modulus (E”) plots to understand the phenomena of abrasive wear. An inhomogeneity factor based on the Cole-Cole plots termed as circularity index was also calculated by using Full Maximum (F.M.) and the FWHM. Carbon, Kevlar, and hybrid fabric mat reinforced epoxy composites, with 0.1, 0.3 & 0.5 wt% loadings of graphene and h-BN were prepared using the hand layup technique. The Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was performed under temperature sweep (30–200°C). The results were analysed to understand the choice of h-BN with Kevlar fabric for applications needing high damping while graphene with carbon fabric for applications needing high tenacity. A hybrid fabric mat offers a balance of damping and tenacity. It was observed that the GC2 composite showed a 49% increment in storage modulus (E’), and GK2 composites showed a 38% increment in loss modulus (E”) compared to GC0 and GK0 composites.
Magnetorheological damper current estimation based on k-nearest neighbor algorithm
Authors: Lv Hongzhan , Zhang Songsong , Sun Qi
Published: June 2022

Magnetorheological dampers are highly nonlinear damping elements which exhibit multi-dimensional data correspondence problems in the current input and damping force output data sets. Therefore, it is inconvenient to use the traditional modeling method to predict the output damping force of the magnetorheological damper accurately. Although the neural network can predict data-driven output results to a high precision, more models, parameters, and complex structures are required to predict the expected current from the magnetorheological test data set. In this study, a prediction model of the expected current in a magnetorheological damping system was proposed by using the k-nearest neighbor algorithm based on the classification algorithm in machine learning. Then, the k-nearest neighbor prediction model was trained and tested with data obtained experimentally. In order to verify the performance of the k-nearest neighbor algorithm, a comparison was made with a prediction model based on the BP neural network, and the damping force output of the predicted current was simulated. The study results show that the k-nearest neighbor prediction model established has a more straightforward working principle, fewer input variables, and a higher approximation accuracy compared with the BP neural network control system.
‘Today Was Probably One of the Most Challenging Workdays I’ve Ever Had’: Doing Remote Qualitative Research with Hospital Doctors During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Humphries Niamh , Byrne John-Paul , Creese Jennifer , McKee Lorna
Published: June 2022

In this article we outline how a team of qualitative researchers responded to the challenging circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic, describing how we successfully and speedily adopted remote/digital methods to research the experiences of hospital doctors. In 2020, we used Zoom to conduct qualitative interviews with 48 hospital doctors; in 2021, we used Zoom and WhatsApp to conduct a Mobile Instant Messaging Ethnography with 28 hospital doctors. We explain how we adapted to a virtual setting and provide clear insights (case study vignettes) into the additional demands on researchers and respondents, in particular, the impact on the research team. Finally, we analyse the positive and negatives of using remote qualitative methods and highlight the potential of hybrid data collection models that combine remote and face-to-face methods. We also highlight our success in communicating findings to a policy audience, important in time-critical situations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Total Aplasia of Paranasal Sinus Associated With a Syndromic Condition
Authors: Doğan Emrah , Özgür Erdoğan
Published: June 2022

Total aplasia of paranasal sinus (TAPS) is extremely rare, although the fact that partial aplasia is very common. TAPS seems to be limited to only 5 case reports in the literature until now. We present the case of a 29-year-old patient who has a syndromic face appearance but whose TAPS was detected incidentally. The maxillary, sphenoid, ethmoid, and frontal sinuses were totally aplastic. Furthermore, clinodactyly and high-arched palate were observed. The patient's appearance was consistent with a syndromic face because of some findings on inspection such as hypertelorism, shortening of the palpebral fissure, protruded and wide nasal base, high arched palate and zygomatic hypoplasia. The patient's profile was more suitable for Teacher-Collins syndrome than other syndromes, however, a certain diagnosis was not made genetically. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported association between TAPS and a syndromic condition.
Comparison of Maxillofacial Morphology Between Modified Furlow's and Modified two-Flap Palatoplasty in Orofacial Clefts During the Primary Dentition Period
Authors: Yoshida Hiroshi , Takahashi Masahiro , Yamaguchi Tetsutaro , Takizawa Hideomi , Takakaze Momoko , Maki Koutaro
Published: June 2022

Objective

To assess the effect of two palatoplasty procedures, modified Furlow's palatoplasty (F procedure) and modified two-flap palatoplasty (T procedure), on the maxillofacial morphology of unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) during the primary dentition period.

Design

Retrospective cohort study

Setting

Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University

Participants

We enrolled 106 pediatric patients (63 boys, 43 girls; aged 4.43  ±  0.34 years) with non-syndromic orofacial clefts who underwent cheiloplasty and palatoplasty.

Interventions

Patients were divided into four groups according to cleft type (BCLP or UCLP) and palatoplasty procedure type (F or T procedure).

Main Outcome Measures

Maxillofacial morphology was assessed by examining parameters on lateral cephalograms.

Results

Multiple comparisons revealed significant differences among N-A, N-ANS, and ANS-PNS distances and SNA and ANB angles among the groups. There were significant differences in N-A, N-ANS, ANS-PNS, SNA, and SNB among the UCLP and BCLP groups. The calculated effect sizes were all within 0.3–0.5. The statistical power was as follows: N-A, 86.41%; N-ANS, 79.77%; ANS-PNS, 97.49%; SNA, 96.88%; and ANB, 99.25%.

Conclusions

Although UCLP and BCLP both exhibited differences in craniofacial distances and angles, the procedure type (either F or T procedure) had no significant effect on the maxillofacial morphology (as determined by lateral cephalograms). However, to rule out additional bias, patient-specific factors should be considered that may be affected by maxillofacial development when deciding surgical approaches.
Effects of RME on Hearing in UCLP Patients: A Pilot Study
Authors: Fatima Kaleem , Chaudhari Prabhat Kumar , Duggal Ritu , Kharbanda Om P. , Thakar Alok
Published: June 2022

Objective

To assess the changes in hearing after rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and at the end of 6 months retention period in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) patients using pure tone audiometry and tympanometry test.

Design

Prospective pilot study.

Setting

Tertiary health care teaching hospital in New Delhi.

Patients

This study was conducted on 6 UCLP patients in the age range of 6-14 years with normal ear anatomy. All 6 patients had undergone primary repair of cleft lip and palate and required no more than 5 mm expansion in the intermolar region.

Intervention

RME was done using a Hyrax expander with daily activation of one-quarter turn per day for a period of 15-20 days (0.25 mm per day).

Main outcome measure

Audiometry and tympanometry readings at the baseline as compared to the post expansion and at the end of 6 months retention period.

Results

There were no significant changes in the hearing levels on the audiometry test after RME on the cleft side ( p-value −0.51) and the noncleft side ear ( p-value −0.26). No significant changes were observed in the middle ear volume on the tympanometry test after RME on the cleft side ( p-value −0.09) and the noncleft side ear ( p-value −0.28).

Conclusion

There was no improvement or deterioration in the hearing levels after RME and at the end of 6 months retention period in UCLP patients as evaluated using pure tone audiometry and tympanometry test. Hence RME may be undertaken in UCLP patients safely in terms of hearing is concerned.
A Multisite Study Investigating Child and Parent Proxy Reported Quality of Life in Children With Cleft Lip and/or Palate
Authors: Heppner Celia E. , Crerand Canice E. , Crilly Bellucci Claudia , Sheikh Farah , Woodard Suzanne , Albert Meredith , Conrad Amy L. , Kapp-Simon Kathleen A.
Published: June 2022

This observational, multisite cohort study explored health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P), including interrater agreement and ratings for this group relative to clinical cutoff scores and published means for healthy and chronically ill children.

Participants (338 children ages 8-10 years, 45.9% male and their parents, 82.0% female) across 6 sites completed the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Generic Core Scales (PedsQL).

Intraclass correlation revealed poor interrater agreement for most HRQoL domains. Although ratings were generally higher than those expected for children with a chronic illness, child ratings were below healthy means for school functioning, and parent proxy ratings were below healthy means for all domains except physical functioning. Lower ratings consistent with chronic illness means were found for self-reported emotional and psychosocial functioning in children with cleft lip and palate (CLP), as well as parent proxy-reported emotional, school, and psychosocial functioning for children with cleft palate (CP). Scores were most likely to be in the clinical range for children with CP for social, school, and total functioning.

Although parent proxy report provides important information about observed functioning, poor interrater agreement indicates that both child and parent proxy reported HRQoL should be included in outcomes assessment for CL/P. HRQoL ratings may be higher for children with CL/P compared to youth with other chronic illnesses, but psychosocial functioning may be negatively impacted when compared with healthy youth, particularly for emotional, social, and school functioning in children with CLP or CP.
Disruptions in Relational Continuity: The Impact of Pandemic Public Health Measures on Families in Long-Term Care
Authors: Cooke Heather A. , Wu Sarah A. , Bourbonnais Anne , Baumbusch Jennifer
Published: June 2022

Although the value of family caregivers’ involvement with relatives in long-term care (LTC) is well recognized, tensions remain regarding their role. Such tensions were exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic as strict public health measures restricted family access to LTC homes. Using interpretive description, we examined the impact of visitation restrictions on family caregivers’ experiences caring for a relative in LTC between March 2020 and June 2021. In-depth interviews were conducted with 14 family caregivers (five spouses and nine adult daughters) and two key themes were identified. The first theme, “seeking to maintain relational continuity,” illustrates how caregivers sought to sustain connections with residents prior to and during the pandemic. The second theme, “disrupted relational continuity,” highlights the impact of severed relational connections on caregivers’ sense of self and ongoing feelings of loss and anger. Findings call for a trauma-informed approach that recognizes the pervasiveness of trauma for family caregivers and the avoidance of re-traumatization.
Adaptive Masreliez–Martin fractional interpolatory cubature Kalman filter with recursive noise estimation
Authors: Mu Jing , Tian Feng , Wang Changyuan , Cheng Jianlian
Published: June 2022

In this study, we propose a Masreliez–Martin fractional interpolatory cubature Kalman filter and an adaptive Masreliez–Martin fractional interpolatory cubature Kalman filter to design the estimators for fractional-order discrete-time nonlinear systems under non-Gaussian measurement noise and unknown process noise covariance. Ther Masreliez–Martin fractional interpolatory cubature Kalman filter is developed by extending the interpolatory cubature Kalman filter to the fractional nonlinear discrete system to increase the robustness of estimation under noisy environment by applying the Masreliez–Martin method, including both time update and measurement update. Meanwhile, the adaptive Masreliez–Martin fractional interpolatory cubature Kalman filter is put forward to enhance the state estimation adaptive to the fractional system with uncertain process noise through recursive estimation. Simulation results on the re-entry target tracking system have demonstrated the adaptiveness, robustness and effectiveness of the propose filters.
Experimental study on construction vibration during different phases of diaphragm wall-supported deep excavation and its influence on indoor sensitive receivers
Authors: Ko Yung-Yen , Lai Liang-Yu , Lee Gang-Hui , Wang Yu-Fang , Jao Shih-Wei , Fu Tzu-Fun
Published: June 2022

Construction vibration during deep excavation supported by diaphragm walls was experimentally investigated. First, measurement on the ground vibration induced by panel excavation for diaphragm wall installation was made inside a construction site. Results showed that the vibration level during excavation was much higher than ambient vibration at most frequencies, especially near the fundamental frequencies of the ground and the grab, and the strongest vibration was induced by the grab impacting the ground and guide walls. At another site, indoor ground-borne vibration was measured at two zebrafish laboratories at B1 and 3F of adjacent buildings during phases of existing pavement demolition, panel excavation, and basement excavation. The behavior of zebrafishes was observed simultaneously to examine the influence of vibration. Pavement demolition caused considerable increase in vibration level at B1 for nearly all frequencies, whereas at 3F the increment was more remarkable yet limited to a narrower bandwidth. Excavation of both panel and basement slightly enhanced the vibration magnitude at B1 at frequencies above 63 Hz or higher yet was hardly influential at 3F. Zebrafishes at B1 exhibited more startle response than those at 3F in all phases possibly because the construction vibration at B1 fell within the frequency range of vibration detection of zebrafishes. According to ISO 2631-1, this indoor vibration was perceptible to people only in some situations yet caused no discomfort.
Propositional A/r/tography: An Analytical Protocol
Authors: Lasczik Alexandra , Hotko Katie , Cutter-Mackenzie-Knowles Amy , McGahey Tahlia
Published: June 2022

This article explores a/r/tography’s speculative and propositional potentials and returns to the a/r/tographic renderings to offer new approaches to a/r/tographic analyses. Propositional a/r/tography provokes ways to think with the renderings that can perform as analytical gateways for experimentation with further layered generative and iterative data creations consequentially. This protocol emerged from deep engagement in data creation processes in response to c/a/r/tographic fieldwork with young people in, on, with, and through the world heritage listed Gondwana Rainforest site in Southeast Queensland, Australia. As such, the propositional a/r/tographic analytical protocol was created as an emergent response to making, materialities, and mappings. It is anticipated that the analytical protocol be engaged as speculative propositions for thinking and experimentation with and through the a/r/tography renderings.
No Bull Here, Please: Ethical Demands and Expectations of Audiences
Authors: Sinclair Christine , O’Toole John
Published: June 2022

This article is based on a 2007 conference presentation that used Research-Based Theater (RbT) to identify and articulate the ethical questions facing playmakers and audiences, not to provide answers, but to challenge the participants to address them. The authors pose issues of purpose, power, ownership, permission, and audience participation, addressing ethical problems of RbT for performers, audiences, and informants. In the second part of the article, the authors refer readers to the literature to further explore how these issues have been addressed in a range of contexts worldwide . . . and the further questions they raise.
Engagement, Authenticity, and Advocacy in “Youth Uncensored”: Ethics in Applied Theater Research With Street-Involved Youth
Authors: Conrad Diane
Published: June 2022

“Youth Uncensored” was an applied theater project with youth affiliated with an arts-based, nonprofit organization serving street-involved youth. The organization identified the need to educate service providers about the youth’s experiences to better meet youth’s needs. The youth were involved in all aspects of the process of creating workshops for service providers, from generating content for our scenes to devising, rehearsing, and performing scenes for service provider audiences, and participating in forum theater activations, in talk-back sessions, and in evaluating the project. For an evaluation of outcomes for youth, the youth created a 30-min video exploring the projects’ benefits and challenges. Through a close reading of the video, this article addresses the ethical issues that arose in relation to engagement, authenticity, and advocacy. Our ongoing efforts at negotiating this ethical terrain were crucial for the endurance and efficacy of the project.
“Connection With the Creator So Our Spirits Can Stay Alive”: A Community-Based Participatory Study With the Métis Nation of Alberta (MNA)—Region 3
Authors: Ginn Carla S. , Ginn Craig W. C. , Barnabe Cheryl , Gervais Lawrence , Gentes Judy , Dumont/Vaness Bergum Doreen , Rees Noelle , Camponi Ashley
Published: June 2022

In this article, we describe our Métis-guided community-based participatory research exploring health protective factors for mental health and addiction within the Métis Nation of Alberta (MNA)—Region 3. There is much research regarding the detrimental effects of colonialism but a lack of Métis-guided research contributing to understanding of individual, family, and community well-being. The primary aim of our study was to explore health protective factors for mental health and addiction challenges. Our study was informed by Indigenous ways of knowing, focusing on the connectedness of all things, and participatory action research, a philosophy and method focused on inclusion and community incorporation of local knowledge. Participants described the need to foster respect, trust, courage, wisdom, humility, truth, humor, esteem, honesty, acceptance, identity, and love, emphasizing well-being through connection with Creator. All authors but the first are members of the MNA—Region 3.
Pursuing the Post Philosophical New: Taking Our Thoughts for a Walk
Authors: Fontanella-Nothom Oona , Newfield Denise
Published: June 2022

We meditate on and talk/write about issues that arose for us during the Post Philosophy series, specifically engaging with a topic entangled within each presentation, “the new.” Quandaries that emerged for us include the post philosophical raison d’être for the new, the possibility and nature of the post philosophical new, and its ethical, ontological, and epistemological consequences. Taking the form of conversation, we provide tracings of our collaboration, with its multiple, complex plug-in points, hauntological connections, and missed calibrations—an agencement set in motion by this series as a minor gesture and fueled by our thinking-with the work of the presenters.
Fiber orientation distributions based on planar fiber orientation tensors of fourth order
Authors: Bauer Julian Karl , Böhlke Thomas
Published: June 2022

Fiber orientation tensors represent averaged measures of fiber orientations inside a microstructure. Although, orientation-dependent material models are commonly used to describe the mechanical properties of representative microstructure, the influence of changing or differing microstructure on the material response is rarely investigated systematically for directional measures which are more precise than second-order fiber orientation tensors. For the special case of planar orientation distributions, a set of admissible fiber orientation tensors of fourth-order is known. Fiber orientation distributions reconstructed from given orientation tensors are of interest both for numerical averaging schemes in material models and visualization of the directional information itself. Focusing on the special case of planar orientations, this paper draws the geometric picture of fiber orientation distribution functions reconstructed from fourth-order fiber orientation tensors. The developed methodology can be adopted to study the dependence of material models on planar fourth-order fiber orientation tensors. Within the set of admissible fiber orientation tensors, a subset of distinct tensors is identified. Advantages and disadvantages of the description of planar orientation states in two- or three-dimensional tensor frameworks are demonstrated. Reconstruction of fiber orientation distributions is performed by truncated Fourier series and additionally by deploying a maximum entropy method. The combination of the set of admissible and distinct fiber orientation tensors and reconstruction methods leads to the variety of reconstructed fiber orientation distributions. This variety is visualized by arrangements of polar plots within the parameter space of fiber orientation tensors. This visualization shows the influence of averaged orientation measures on reconstructed orientation distributions and can be used to study any simulation method or quantity which is defined as a function of planar fourth-order fiber orientation tensors.
Effect of partial substitution of wheat flour by quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) flours on dough and bread quality
Authors: Gutierrez-Castillo Carla , Alcázar-Alay Sylvia , Vidaurre-Ruiz Julio , Correa María Jimena , Cabezas Dario M. , Repo-Carrasco-Valencia Ritva , Encina-Zelada Christian R.
Published: June 2022

Bread is the main important food product worldwide. In this study, eleven bread formulations were developed by partial substitution of wheat flour with quinoa and tarwi flours, to evaluate the effect on the rheological and pasting properties of mixtures, as well as on the physicochemical and textural properties of the final product. Partial substitution with quinoa flour generated similar thermomechanical and textural properties in the dough, and similar bread technological characteristics related to the control bread (100% wheat). In the case of tarwi, the increase in the concentration of this legume showed a negative effect on the bread quality parameters (specific volume, crumb porosity, textural properties, etc.). A negative technological impact of high percentages of wheat flour substitution by the mixture of both Andean flours was found, but it was contrasted with a positive effect on nutritional quality, particularly evidenced by a high content of proteins and dietary fiber. An optimal formulation considering technological and nutritional quality was obtained, presenting the maximum analyzed substitution level (13.35% quinoa flour and 6.65% tarwi flour). This study showed that these Andean grains are suitable for developing bread of good technological quality and improved nutritional profile, adding value to these underused ancestral flours.
On new benchmark free vibration solutions of rectangular sandwich panels within the symplectic solution framework
Authors: Zhou Chao , Ni Zhuofan , Zheng Xinran , Wang Bo , Li Rui
Published: June 2022

In this paper, the first attempt is made to obtain some new analytic free vibration solutions of rectangular sandwich panels within the symplectic solution framework, which are difficult to tackle within the conventional analytic solution framework. The sandwich panels with honeycomb and truss cores are first treated as equivalent thick plates. The governing dual equation is then established within the Hamiltonian system. Subsequently, the original problem is converted into two subproblems whose analytic solutions are acquired by applying the variable separation and symplectic eigen expansion. The superposition yields the final analytic free vibration solution, with the emerging coefficients determined according to the equivalence between the original problem and the superposition. The natural frequency and mode shape solutions by the present symplectic superposition method are quantitatively shown via numerical and graphical results, respectively, and are all well validated by consistency with classical solutions, experimental results, or the numerical solutions by the refined finite element modeling. Besides providing the new results that can serve as benchmarks, the effects of the size parameters on the natural frequencies of the sandwich panels are also analyzed. Since the developed method gives up the assumption of any trial solutions and follows a rigorous derivation to yield new analytic solutions, it provides opportunities for solving more intricate problems of sandwich panels and shells.