bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mulheres vivendo com HIV, maternidade e saúde: revisão integrativa
Authors: Lima Cindy Ferreira , Narchi Nádia Zanon , Trintinália Maryam Michelle Jarrouge , Lima Elisabete Napoleão
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Compreender como mulheres portadoras de HIV vislumbram a maternidade e a possibilidade de gerar filhos. Método: Revisão integrativa de artigos em português, publicados entre 2006 e 2016, com busca nas bases LILACS e SciELO. Descritores: HIV/AIDS; Transmissão Vertical; Gravidez; Maternidade; Qualitativo. Dos 56 artigos recuperados, foram mantidos 19 para análise. Seleção dos estudos: Estudos compostos por mulheres soropositivas em idade reprodutiva, em acompanhamento médico, com temática relacionada à maternidade. Resultados: Destacaram-se sete categorias temáticas: Panorama sócio econômico da amostra; Família; Diálogo sobre sexualidade entre profissionais de saúde e portadoras de HIV; Pouco conhecimento sobre HIV/AIDS e gestação; Foco unidirecional da assistência para a contenção do risco de transmissão; Capacitação dos profissionais de saúde; Sentimentos em relação à maternidade. Conclusão: O desejo de mulheres soropositivas de serem mães permanece inalterado. A falta de conhecimento e suporte favorece a insegurança nas escolhas reprodutivas. Um cenário acolhedor de assistência em saúde, com profissionais capacitados, pode contribuir para minimizar agravos à saúde das mulheres soropositivas.
Educação sobre a sexualidade: inclusão e cuidado da população LGBTTI em abordagem articulada entre saúde e educação
Authors: Marinho Ana Luiza Zacour , Figueiredo Adriana Maria de , Castro Henrique Fonseca de , Furtado Tatiana Dalat Coelho , Cardoso Gustavo Azevedo , Silva Soraia Miranda
Published: October 2021

Mudanças nas relações de gênero e entre gerações originam situações sociais e familiares que requerem ações educativas em saúde e sexualidade nas escolas. Este trabalho objetivou promover a construção coletiva de ações dessa natureza, voltadas para a população LGBTTI, utilizando metodologias participativas. Realizaram-se reuniões com equipes pedagógicas da Secretaria de Educação do município de Mariana (Minas Gerais) e de uma escola do ensino médio para planejamento das propostas. Desenvolveram-se ações no formato de oficinas para aproximar monitores e estudantes. Nestas, foram elaborados acordos de convivência, valorizadas a afetividade e autoestima e compartilhadas informações sobre sexualidade, gênero e preconceito. Foram trabalhadas as temáticas: sexualidade, papeis de gênero, conceitos de sexo biológico, orientação sexual e identidade de gênero. A temática da diversidade sexual e de gênero mostrou-se relevante na escola, ambiente desencadeador de mudanças em relação a questões muitas vezes desconhecidas ou negligenciadas, mas que afetam diretamente a vida das pessoas.
O que pode uma ave morta? Reflexões sobre teoria queer, afetos e negatividade
Authors: Maracci João Gabriel , Kveller Daniel Boianovsky
Published: October 2021

Partindo de uma recente polêmica envolvendo a expulsão de uma participante trans e cigana do MasterChef espanhol, após ela servir aos jurados uma ave crua e com penas, este artigo examina algumas relações entre gênero, sexualidade, raça, afetos e políticas de inclusão. Para tanto, apresenta um intercruzamento entre o fato midiático, suas repercussões públicas e as propostas teóricas tributárias dos estudos queer, sobretudo através das contribuições e dissonâncias entre Sara Ahmed, José Esteban Muñoz, Leo Bersani, Jack Halberstam, Lee Edelman e Judith Butler. Concluímos que, mesmo entre os estudos queer, há uma importante disputa sobre os sentidos políticos das ideias de subversão, transgressão e assimilação, e que a impossibilidade de chegar a um acordo entre eles reflete o caráter aporético do próprio conceito de política que serve de base ao campo.
Heteronormatividade e ideologia dominante: a recusa da música "parabéns" da cantora Pablo Vittar
Authors: Marquez Camila Franz , Vinhas Luciana Iost
Published: October 2021

Com base na perspectiva teórica da Análise de Discurso Pêcheuxtiana, o artigo tem o objetivo de refletir sobre a determinação ideológica no imaginário sobre identidade de gênero em conversa ocorrida entre locutor de rádio e ouvintes. O corpus é composto de dois prints da plataforma com mensagens instantâneas de Whatsapp. Os prints foram retirados da rede social Twitter. Nas conversas, a Rádio Super FM 89.1 recusa-se a tocar a música “Parabéns”, da cantora Pabllo Vittar, com o argumento de que não irá tocá-la por não saber a identidade de gênero da Drag Queen. Sabemos que a ideologia se materializa na linguagem; sendo assim, os sentidos atribuídos não são característicos da língua e sim da forma como o sujeito se relaciona com a ideologia, ou seja, o processo de produção de sentido varia de acordo com a identificação do sujeito com determinada formação discursiva. Conforme Orlandi (2010, p. 44), “os sentidos não estão assim predeterminados por propriedades da língua. Dependem de relações constituídas nas/pelas formações discursivas”.
E havia uma ditadura cis-hétero-militar?
Authors: Afonso-Rocha Rick
Published: October 2021

Este texto não deveria ser um artigo. Também não chega a ser um texto experimental. Longe disso, é, digamos, o relato de uma investigação. Gestei-o após a resposta que recebi do professor Renan Quinalha numa dessas lives de quarentena, agora tão comuns em nosso dia a dia. Acredito que foi aquela realizada pelo projeto História em Quarentena. Como decidi publicá-lo, acrescentei algumas citações, revisitei a argumentação utilizada em minha dissertação. Evitei, imaginariamente, deixá-lo academicista. Penso num diálogo aberto que tento construir. O risco que corro – que sempre corremos – é o do dizer solitário. Monólogo espectral muito bem conhecido por nós, pesquisadores não-sudestinos ou não-sulistas. Vamos ao que importa. Sobre o que é este texto? Quinalha foi o primeiro pesquisador, que eu tenha conhecimento, a utilizar a expressão “ditadura hétero-militar” para se referir à heterogeneidade das políticas sexuais (e de gênero) adotadas, ou pelo menos, intensificadas durante o período da ditadura brasileira. Desde que defendeu sua tese, em 2017, Quinalha parece ter se tornado referência nacional obrigatória nos estudos de confluência entre “homossexualidades” e ditadura. Disso decorreu a popularização, tanto no meio acadêmico quanto na militância, do uso da noção. Ainda que alguns apresentem certa resistência, o conceito aparentemente “pegou”, como diria Althusser. É sobre as (im)pertinências teórico-epistemológicas dessa noção conceitual que quero argumentar.
Heating Performance of MWCNT Module according to Size Effect
Authors: Park Sohyeon , An Sungju , Lee Heeyoung , Kim Donghwi , Chung Wonseok
Published: October 2021

Black ice is a road-freezing phenomenon that occurs on the surfaces of roads and is caused by sub-zero temperatures. Black ice is dangerous to vehicular traffic because it is difficult for a driver to detect its presence on roads. Further, it causes vehicles to lose traction on roads, thus causing accidents. Therefore, this study aims to solve this problem by utilizing a heating module with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and analyzing the heating efficiency according to the size effect of the heating module. The heating modules were divided into cubes (50 × 50 × 50 mm3) and cuboids (100 × 300 × 60 mm3). The parameters considered were the size of the heating module, number of curing days, and supply voltage. The maximum temperature change of the cubes was 75.7 ℃, and the maximum temperature change of the cuboids was 78% of the cube. The thermal images demonstrated that the cuboids exhibited better thermal dispersibility than that exhibited by the cubes. Therefore, the heating efficiency of the cuboids was inferred to be excellent. Thus, the cuboid heating module can be used to reduce the risk of accidents occurring caused by black ice.
Development of New Typhoon Rating to Predict Magnitude of Damage
Authors: Kim Taegyun
Published: October 2021

For preparing damage from typhoons, the new typhoon rating system was developed that can predict the magnitude of damage by using the maximum wind speed and rainfall for duration 3 hrs at a specific location along the track. Existing forecasts predict typhoon’s characteristic values such as tack, minimum pressure, maximum wind speed and radiis, and issue typhoon advisories and typhoon warnings when danger or damage is expected. However, as it is difficult to prepare a response using this information alone, I developed new typhoon ratings that took the typhoon damage scale into account to aid disaster preparation. I divided typhoon grades into four classes based on the magnitude of damage. The grades were determined based on the maximum wind speed at a point near the 33° north latitude and rainfall for duration 3 hrs from the time at that point.
A Scoping Review of Urban Livability Indicators
Authors: Jun Sunmin , Yoon Jeongwoo , Park JiYong , Jung Juchul
Published: October 2021

Livability is the “right” to live where all citizens can enjoy adequate housing, health care, educational opportunities, consumption, and leisure. This definition can be used as a tool to measure an area’s standard of living conditions and protect the residents’ rights to a standard of living. Therefore, a systematic review of indicators for measuring livability is essential. In this study, urban livability indicators were derived by the “Scoping Review” method. Based on the guidelines of JBI and PRISMA-ScR, research institutes that provide guidelines related to systematic reviews and meta-analyses, 20 articles were extracted from 1,193 articles published between 2000 and 2021. Results of the study show that, first, multi-dimensional indicators were used to measure urban livability. Second, the derived indicators for each dimension were linked or frequently intersected. Third, a conceptual framework of urban livability indicators was presented. This study is unique in that it attempted a a scoping review of urban livability indicators research and derived indicators according to spatial scale and time step.
Computational characterization of domain‐segregated 3D chromatin structure and segmented DNA methylation status in carcinogenesis
Authors: Xue Yue , Yang Ying , Tian Hao , Quan Hui , Liu Sirui , Zhang Ling , Yang Lu , Zhu Haichuan , Wu Hong , Gao Yi Qin
Published: October 2021

The high‐order chromatin structure, together with DNA methylation and other epigenetic marks, plays a vital role in gene regulation and displays abnormal status in cancer cells. Theoretical analyses are expected to provide a more unified understanding of the multi‐omics data on the large variety of samples, and hopefully a common picture of carcinogenesis. In particular, we are interested in the question of whether an underlying origin DNA sequence exists for these epigenetic alterations. The human genome consists of two types of megabase‐sized domain based on the distribution of CpG islands (CGIs) that show distinct structural, epigenetic, and transcriptional properties: CGI‐rich and CGI‐poor domains. Through an integrated analysis of chromatin structure, DNA methylation, and RNA sequencing data, we found that, in carcinogenesis, the two different types of domain display different structural changes and have an increased number of DNA methylation differences and transcriptional‐level differences, compared with in noncancer cells. We also compared the structural features among carcinogenesis, senescence, and mitosis, showing the possible connection between chromatin structure and cell state, which could affect vital cancer‐related properties. In summary, chromatin structure, DNA methylation, and gene expression, as well as their changes observed in several types of cancers, show a dependence on multiscale DNA sequence heterogeneity.
Hydrolytically Degradable Poly(β‐amino ester) Resins with Tunable Degradation for 3D Printing by Projection Micro‐Stereolithography
Authors: Muralidharan Archish , McLeod Robert R. , Bryant Stephanie J.
Published: October 2021

Applications of 3D printing that range from temporary medical devices to environmentally responsible manufacturing will benefit from printable resins that yield polymers with controllable architecture, material properties, and degradation behavior. Towards this goal, poly(β‐amino ester) (PBAE)‐diacrylate resins are investigated due to the wide range of available chemistries and tunable material properties. PBAE‐diacrylate resins are synthesized from hydrophilic and hydrophobic chemistries and with varying electron densities on the ester bond to provide control over degradation. Hydrophilic PBAE‐diacrylates led to degradation behaviors characteristic of bulk degradation, while hydrophobic PBAE‐diacrylates led to degradation behaviors dominated initially by surface degradation and then transitioned to bulk degradation. Depending on the chemistry, the crosslinked PBAE‐polymers exhibited a range of degradation times under accelerated conditions, from complete mass loss in 90 min to minimal mass loss at 45 days. Patterned features with 55 µm resolution are achieved across all resins, but their fidelity is dependent on PBAE‐diacrylate molecular weight, reactivity, and printing parameters. In summary, simple chemical modifications in the PBAE‐diacrylate resins coupled with projection microstereolithography enable high‐resolution 3D printed parts with similar architectures and initial properties but widely different degradation rates and behaviors.
Lectin‐Functionalized Polyethylene Glycol for Relief of Mucosal Dryness
Authors: Blakeley Matthew , Sharma Prashant K. , Kaper Hans J. , Bostanci Nagihan , Crouzier Thomas
Published: October 2021

The importance of lubrication between oral surfaces provided by the salivary film is most acutely apparent when it is disrupted, a prevalent consequence of salivary gland hypofunction experienced with aging, a symptom of certain diseases, or a side effect of some medical interventions. Sufferers report difficulty with speech and oral food processing and collectively is detrimental to quality of life. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is widely employed as a successful biocompatible boundary lubricant in engineering and biomedical applications. It is hypothesized that the immobilization of PEG to biological materials such as oral epithelial cells and tissue can mimic the salivary film and provide durable relief from the symptoms of mucosal dryness. To do so, PEG is functionalized with a sugar binding lectin (wheat germ agglutinin) to enhance epithelial adhesion through lectin‐sugar interactions. Retention and lubricity are characterized on an ex vivo oral tissue tribology rig. WGA‐PEG coats and retains on mucin films, oral epithelial cells, and porcine tongue tissue, and offers sustained reduction in coefficient of friction (COF). WGA‐PEG could be developed into a useful topical treatment for reducing oral friction and the perception of dry mouth.
Multicolor Photonic Pigments for Rotation‐Asymmetric Mechanochromic Devices
Authors: Li Zhiwei , Wang Xiaojing , Han Lili , Zhu Chenhui , Xin Huolin , Yin Yadong
Published: October 2021

Photonic crystals are extensively explored to replace inorganic pigments and organic dyes as coloring elements in printing, painting, sensing, and anti‐counterfeiting due to their brilliant structural colors, chemical stability, and environmental friendliness. However, most existing photonic‐crystal‐based pigments can only display monochromatic colors once made, and generating multicolors has to start with designing different building blocks. Here, a novel photonic pigment featuring highly tunable structural colors in the entire visible spectrum, made by the magnetic assembly of monodisperse nanorods into body‐centered‐tetragonal photonic crystals, is reported. Their prominent magnetic and crystal anisotropy makes it efficient to generate multicolors using one photonic pigment by magnetically controlling the crystal orientation. Further, the combination of angle‐dependent diffraction and magnetic orientation control enables the design of rotation‐asymmetric photonic films that display distinct patterns and encrypted information in response to rotation. The efficient multicolor generation through precise orientational control makes this novel photonic pigment promising in developing high‐performance structural‐colored materials and optical devices.
Implantable Electrical Stimulation at Dorsal Root Ganglions Accelerates Osteoporotic Fracture Healing via Calcitonin Gene‐Related Peptide
Authors: Mi Jie , Xu Jian‐Kun , Yao Zhi , Yao Hao , Li Ye , He Xuan , Dai Bing‐Yang , Zou Li , Tong Wen‐Xue , Zhang Xiao‐Tian , Hu Pei‐Jie , Ruan Ye Chun , Tang Ning , Guo Xia , Zhao Jie , He Ju‐Fang , Qin Ling
Published: October 2021

The neuronal engagement of the peripheral nerve system plays a crucial role in regulating fracture healing, but how to modulate the neuronal activity to enhance fracture healing remains unexploited. Here it is shown that electrical stimulation (ES) directly promotes the biosynthesis and release of calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) by activating Ca2+/CaMKII/CREB signaling pathway and action potential, respectively. To accelerate rat femoral osteoporotic fracture healing which presents with decline of CGRP, soft electrodes are engineered and they are implanted at L3 and L4 dorsal root ganglions (DRGs). ES delivered at DRGs for the first two weeks after fracture increases CGRP expression in both DRGs and fracture callus. It is also identified that CGRP is indispensable for type‐H vessel formation, a biological event coupling angiogenesis and osteogenesis, contributing to ES‐enhanced osteoporotic fracture healing. This proof‐of‐concept study shows for the first time that ES at lumbar DRGs can effectively promote femoral fracture healing, offering an innovative strategy using bioelectronic device to enhance bone regeneration.
The potential impact of reducing sodium in packaged food: The case of the Chinese instant noodles market
Authors: Chen Yu , Zhen Chen
Published: October 2021

Reducing sodium intake has been identified as a priority and cost‐effective intervention in lowering the risk of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. To accomplish the population‐wide sodium reduction, two main strategies regarding food supply have been widely discussed: one is to set mandatory standards for the sodium content of foods and the other is to call for efforts from the food industry to voluntarily reduce sodium. Using the Chinese instant noodles market as an example, we estimate a random‐coefficients logit demand model to quantify the degree of substitution between competing products and between sodium and fat. The demand estimates are then used to simulate three sodium reduction strategies: a unilateral reduction by one firm, and industry‐wide reductions by multiple firms with and without reformulation of fat content. We find that voluntarily sodium reduction by a single firm results in its sales loss to its competitors; an industry‐wide sodium reduction causes demand reduction to be more evenly distributed across participating firms; and an industry‐wide reduction accompanied by an increase in fat content largely negates the adverse effect of sodium reduction on sales but risks an increase in population fat intake. [EconLit Citations: D12; I18; L66].
Composition design ofPLA/TPUemulsion blends compatibilized with multifunctional epoxy‐based chain extender to tackle high impact resistant ductile structures
Authors: Kahraman Yusuf , Alkan Goksu Yonca , Özdemir Burcu , Eker Gümüş Beril , Nofar Mohammadreza
Published: October 2021

In this study, the composition of polylactide (PLA)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) emulsion blends compatibilized with multifunctional epoxy‐based Joncryl chain extender was regulated to tackle high impact resistant structures with improved ductility. PLA/TPU blends at different blending ratios of 95wt/05wt, 85wt/15wt, 75wt/25wt, and 65wt/35wt were first melt blended with 0.5 wt% of Joncryl. In all compositions, although the TPU droplets were significantly refined with the addition of Joncryl, the impact strength and ductility of the blends increased dramatically only at 75wt/25wt and 65wt/35wt blending ratios. The 75wt/25wt blend was then melt blended with various Joncryl contents of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 wt%. It was illustrated that 0.5 wt% Joncryl was high enough to reach a blend with the highest impact strength and ductility of around 110 kJ/m2and 150%, respectively. This was while the tensile strength and modulus values remained comparable with those of neat PLA. The rheological experiments and the dynamic mechanical analysis confirmed that the complex viscosity and the storage modulus of the compatibilized blends were improved as a result of increased melt strength of PLA and the interfacial compatibilization through using Joncryl.
Green synthesis of novel antifungal 1,2,4‐triazoles effective against γ‐irradiated Candida parapsilosis
Authors: El‐Hazek Reham M. , Elkenawy Nora M. , Zaher Nashwa H. , El‐Gazzar Marwa G.
Published: October 2021

This study reports the green synthesis of 11 novel 3‐substituted‐4‐amino‐5‐mercapto‐1,2,4‐triazole derivatives using water as a readily available nontoxic solvent. Evaluation of their antimicrobial potential against several clinical pathogenic microorganisms was carried out. The newly synthesized cysteine derivative 6 showed promising antifungal activity against both γ‐irradiated and nonirradiated Candida parapsilosis 216, with the lowest MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) value of 3.125 µg/ml, probably through inhibition of 14α‐demethylase. In addition, compound 6 showed complete inhibition of gelatinase, a virulence enzyme of C. parapsilosis. Also, scanning electron microscopy was carried out. Interestingly, compound 6 acted as a dual agent as it also showed good antibacterial activity against strains of Gram‐positive bacteria used in the study. The synthesized compounds showed no cytotoxicity.
Asymptomatic detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 among cancer patients receiving infusional anti‐cancer therapy
Authors: Shaya Justin , Cabal Angelo , Nonato Taylor , Torriani Francesca , Califano Joseph , Lippman Scott , Sacco Assuntina , McKay Rana R.
Published: October 2021

Background

Little is known regarding the rate and clinical outcomes of asymptomatic carriers of SARS‐CoV‐2 among patients with cancer. Detection of asymptomatic carriers is important in this population given the use of myelosuppressive and immunomodulating therapies. Understanding the asymptomatic carrier rate will help to develop mitigation strategies in this high‐risk cohort.

Methods

Retrospective cohort analysis of an asymptomatic screening protocol which required patients receiving infusional anti‐cancer therapy to undergo a symptom/exposure screen and SARS‐CoV‐2 PCR testing 24–96 h prior to their infusion. The primary outcome of this analysis was the rate of asymptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Secondary outcomes included the rate of COVID‐19‐related hospitalization and mortality and delays in oncologic therapy.

Results

Among a cohort of 2691 cancer patients who underwent asymptomatic screening, 1.6% (N = 43/2691) of patients were found to be SARS‐CoV‐2 positive on asymptomatic screening. 11.6% (N = 5/43) of the cohort ultimately developed COVID‐19‐related symptoms. Four patients required hospitalization for complications of COVID‐19 infection. No patient died from COVID‐related complications. 97.7% (N = 42/43) had their anti‐cancer therapy delayed or deferred with a median delay of 21 days (range: 7–77 days).

Conclusions

Overall, among a cohort of active cancer patients receiving anti‐cancer therapy, an asymptomatic SARS‐CoV2 PCR‐based screening protocol detected a small cohort of asymptomatic carriers. The majority of these patients remained asymptomatic on long‐term follow‐up and outcomes were much more favorable compared to previously described outcomes of cancer patients with symptomatic COVID‐19 infection.
“At What Cost am I Doing This?” An interpretative phenomenological analysis of the experience of burnout among private practitioner psychotherapists
Authors: Finan Stephanie , McMahon Aisling , Russell Siobhán
Published: October 2021

Burnout is an experience in response to chronic job stressors, understood to be composed of three components: exhaustion, cynicism and inefficacy. Burnout is an occupational hazard among psychotherapists that may result in poorer quality of care for clients and a diminished quality of life for clinicians. Several quantitative studies have shown that psychotherapists are at risk of developing burnout given the demanding nature of their work. While much research has been carried out with psychotherapists who work in organisations, there is a lack of available literature concerning the experience of the psychotherapy practitioner working in private practice. This study aimed to gain an understanding of psychotherapists’ lived experiences of burnout while working exclusively in private practice in Ireland. Eight semi‐structured interviews were conducted and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Three superordinate themes were identified: (a) A Professional Identity Crisis: “maybe I just don't have what it takes?”; (b) The Embodiment of Burnout: “constantly running on red”; and (c) The Process of Rebalancing: “being real”. The participants revealed a disillusionment with their career, alongside self‐criticism and shame for not meeting their internalised standards. They illuminated a profound felt sense of depletion and physical unwellness. They also shared their ongoing process of rebalancing rather than recovery from burnout. Participants universally described difficulty identifying and articulating burnout. The findings are discussed with reference to identity, embodiment of burnout and the process of rebalancing.
Dieckol induces cell cycle arrest by down‐regulating CDK2/cyclin E in response to p21/p53 activation in human tracheal fibroblasts
Authors: Heo Seong‐Yeong , Jeong Min‐Seon , Lee Hyoung Shin , Park Won Sun , Choi Il‐Whan , Yi Myunggi , Jung Won‐Kyo
Published: October 2021

The phlorotannin derivative dieckol isolated from Ecklonia cava has been shown to exhibit anti‐inflammatory, anti‐bacterial, anti‐oxidative anti‐adipogenic and anti‐stenosis activity. However, the role of dieckol in cyclin‐dependent kinase 2 (CDK2)/cyclin E signalling, which regulates fibrosis development, has not yet been determined. In this study, we report that dieckol‐suppressed cell proliferation through the cell cycle arrest of Hs680.Tr human tracheal fibroblasts. Following consecutive purification, dieckol was identified as a potent bioactive compound. The results showed that dieckol had significant anti‐proliferative activity against Hs680.Tr human tracheal fibroblastsWestern blotting analysis also found that dieckol dose‐dependently induced the cell cycle arrest of Hs680.Tr fibroblasts in the G0/G1 phase, accompanied by the downregulation of CDK2 and cyclin E and the upregulation of p21 and p53. As attested by molecular docking study, the dieckol interacted with the core interface residues in transforming growth factor‐β receptor with high affinity. These findings suggest that dieckol from E. cava inhibits the cell proliferation of Hs680.Tr, potentially through p21‐ and p53‐mediated G0/G1 cell cycle arrest.
ACGME Interventional Cardiology Milestones 2.0–an overview: Endorsed by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education
Authors: Ijioma Nkechinyere N. , Don Creighton , Arora Vishal , Edgar Laura , Hawkins Beau , Monteleone Peter , Tcheng James E. , Helmy Tarek
Published: October 2021

This document provides an overview of the rationale, development, interpretation, and practical suggestions for implementation of the new Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Interventional Cardiology (IC) Milestones 2.0. Previously, IC programs used the general ACGME Milestones for internal medicine. The IC Milestones version 2.0 updates the ACGME competencies to be specific to training in IC. In 2019 an ACGME working group consisting of IC program directors, a lay representative, and representatives from the American Board of Internal Medicine met to develop the IC Milestones version 2.0. The ACGME IC Milestones 2.0 establishes a framework for formative feedback for trainees within domains of patient care, medical knowledge, systems‐based practice, practice‐based learning and improvement, professionalism, and interpersonal and communication skills. The 2021 IC Milestones 2.0 provides a framework for IC mentors and trainees to identify areas for improvement or commendation help stimulate meaningful educational discussions, and provide the basis for self‐reflection and self‐improvement.
Endobronchial carcinoid presenting as Focal bronchiectasis in a young woman with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Nasir Noreen , Akhlaq Safia , Shehzad Talha , Fatimi Saulat
Published: October 2021

Non‐resolving pulmonary symptoms in a patient with SLE require evaluation to exclude rare pulmonary lesions, such as carcinoid tumors.
A case report of prostate adenocarcinoma with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis and intracerebral metastasis
Authors: Fazilat‐Panah Danial , Ahmadi Nahid , Moslemi Dariush , Karimi Masoumeh , Taji Alireza , Dehghani Mansoureh , Emadi Torghabeh Ali , Keshtpour Amlashi Zahra , Saghafi Mohammadreza , Fatemi Maedeh Alsadat
Published: October 2021

Despite the fact that prostate cancer is the most prevalent cancer in men, metastases to the central nervous system including leptomeningeal involvement by prostate carcinoma is a rare event. The prognosis of metastatic prostate cancer is very poor due to lack of CNS penetrating therapeutic agents.
Extrahepatic biliary obstruction secondary to metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: An unusual presentation of Courvoisier's law
Authors: Atiba Kafi , Ramdass Michael , Oladiran Adedapo , Rahman Muhammad
Published: October 2021

Courvoisier's law states, “In the presence of jaundice and a palpable bladder, the cause is unlikely to be due to stone”. Although esophageal squamous carcinoma is known to spread to celiac nodes, there is no description in the literature with it presenting and mimicking the above findings in Courvoisier's Law.
Kikuchi‐Fujimoto disease: A rare case report from Nepal
Authors: Rauniyar Rahul , Acharya Kshitiz , Mishra Aman , Pathak Nibesh , Chaudhary Gajendra , Bhandari Puja , Gaire Prabin
Published: October 2021

Clinicians and pathologists must be aware of the occurrence of Kikuchi‐Fujimoto Disease, as one of the differential diagnoses of cervical lymphadenopathy.
With lactase and lactose to electric current – enzymatic biofuel cell based on filter paper for chemistry lessons
Authors: Grandrath Rebecca , Bohrmann‐Linde Claudia
Published: October 2021

Biologische Brennstoffzellen sind aktuell in Theorie und Praxis des schulischen Chemieunterrichts stark unterrepräsentiert. Es wird nachfolgend ein Schulversuch zu einer enzymatischen Brennstoffzelle im Kurzportrait vorgestellt. Dieses ist einfach und schnell aufzubauen und liefert reproduzierbar didaktisch prägnante Ergebnisse, die ein qualitatives Erschließen der Funktionsweise erlauben. Der Aufbau besticht durch die Verwendung kostengünstiger Materialien wie Filterpapierstreifen, Aktivkohle, Tensid, Lactase(‐Tabletten) und Lactose.
An Anti‐inflammatory Fe3O4‐Porphyrin Nanohybrid Capable of Apoptosis through Upregulation of p21 Kinase Inhibitor Having Immunoprotective Properties under Anticancer PDT Conditions
Authors: Sengupta Devashish , Das Subhojit , Sharma Debdulal , Chattopadhyaya Saran , Mukherjee Avinaba , Mazumdar Zeaul Hoque , Das Biswajit , Basu Samita , Sengupta Mahuya
Published: October 2021

We report the influence of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) on porphyrins in the development of photosensitizers (PSs) for efficient photodynamic therapy (PDT) and possible post‐PDT responses for inflicting cancer cell death. Except for Au, most metal‐based nanomaterials are unsuitable for clinical applications. The US Food and Drug Administration and other agencies have approved Feraheme and a few other iron oxide NPs for clinical use, paving the way for novel biocompatible immunoprotective superparamagnetic iron oxide nanohybrids to be developed as nanotherapeutics. A water‐soluble nanohybrid, referred to here as E‐NP, comprising superparamagnetic Fe3O4 NPs functionalised with tripyridyl porphyrin PS was introduced through a rigid 4‐carboxyphenyl linker. As a PDT agent, the efficacy of E‐NP toward the AGS cancer cell line showed enhanced photosensitising ability as determined through in vitro photobiological assays. The cellular uptake of E‐NPs by AGS cells led to apoptosis by upregulating ROS through cell‐cycle arrest and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. The subcellular localisation of the PSs in mitochondria stimulated apoptosis through upregulation of p21, a proliferation inhibitor capable of preventing tumour development. Under both PDT and non‐PDT conditions, this nanohybrid can act as an anti‐inflammatory agent by decreasing the production of NO and superoxide ions in murine macrophages, thus minimising collateral damage to healthy cells.
Na⋯B bond in NaBH: An induced spin‐polarized bond
Authors: Rincón Luis , Mora Jose R. , Rodriguez Vladimir , Torres F. Javier
Published: October 2021

The nature of the Na⋯B bond, in the recently synthesized NaBHadduct, is analyzed on the light of the Na−propensity to polarize along the bond axis as a consequence of the electric field produced by the BH3fragment. The observedinducedpolarization has two consequences: (i) the energetic stabilization of the Na−, and (ii) the split of its valence electrons into two opposite lobes along the bond axis. Additionally, an analysis of the electron localization is presented using the information content of the correlated conditional pair density that reveals a significant delocalization between one lobe of the polarized Na−anion and the BH3fragment at the equilibrium distance. Our findings reported here complement previous works on this system.
Factors and strategies for circularity implementation in the public sector: An organisational change management approach for sustainability
Authors: Klein Natacha , Ramos Tomás B. , Deutz Pauline
Published: October 2021

The circular economy (CE) is seen as a model of production and consumption where resource use is reduced and extended in closed‐loop life cycles. Organisations have been fundamental in contributing towards CE for which limited outcomes are known from public organisations. This research aims to identify the factors influencing the implementation of CE and the strategies that support such implementation in the public sector. An organisational change management perspective was taken. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with employees from the central public sector in Portugal to gather insights. Results reveal issues such as organisational culture, CE awareness for people in public sector organisations and leadership related to areas of strategy and management, human resources, and communication and assessment as key elements to consider in shifting towards circularity for this type of organisation. This study contributes to the research that has called for an expansion of the scope of CE to include human‐based issues by viewing a public organisation as a multi‐dimensional system transitioning to circularity.
Metal‐Nitrogen‐Carbon Cluster‐Decorated Titanium Carbide is a Durable and Inexpensive Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalyst
Authors: Beom Cho Sung , He Cheng , Sankarasubramanian Shrihari , Singh Thind Arashdeep , Parrondo Javier , Hachtel Jordan A. , Borisevich Albina Y. , Idrobo Juan‐Carlos , Xie Jing , Ramani Vijay , Mishra Rohan
Published: October 2021

Invited for this month′s cover are the groups of Prof. Vijay Ramani and Prof. Rohan Mishra at Washington University in St. Louis and their collaborators at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The Full Paper itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.202101341.
Monitoring methamphetamine in the United States: A two‐decade review as seen by the DEA methamphetamine profiling program
Authors: Toske Steven G. , McKibben Tim D.
Published: October 2021

A historical overview of methamphetamine profiling efforts in the United States is presented. Methamphetamine profiling has revealed key precursor and recipe strategies that have changed throughout the years. By studying different clandestine recipes and analyzing thousands of methamphetamine samples over the years, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) Methamphetamine Profiling Program (MPP) has collected and reported on changes in drug quality and production trends. This review will discuss methamphetamine drug profiling trends that cover over two decades of forensic results.
Evidence of nutrient translocation in response to smoke exposure by the East African ant acacia, Vachellia drepanolobium
Authors: Rabideau‐Childers Richard , Angier Katherine I. W. , Dean Brendan Z. M. , Blumstein Meghan , Darling Walker S. , Kennedy‐Yoon Annina , Ziemke Clayton H. , Perez‐Martinez Christian A. , Wu Donghao , Ye Wenqing , Yekwayo Inam , Kimuyu Duncan M. , Martins Dino J. , Pierce Naomi E.
Published: October 2021

Fire is a major selective force on arid grassland communities, favoring traits such as the smoke‐induced seed germination response seen in a wide variety of plant species. However, little is known about the relevance of smoke as a cue for plants beyond the seedling stage.

We exposed a fire‐adapted savanna tree, Vachellia (=Acacia) drepanolobium, to smoke and compared nutrient concentrations in leaf and root tissues to unexposed controls. Experiments were performed on three age cohorts: 2‐year‐old, 9‐month‐old, and 3‐month‐old plants.

For the 2‐year‐old plants exposed to smoke, carbon and nitrogen concentrations were lower in the leaves and higher in the roots than controls. Less pronounced trends were found for boron and magnesium.

In contrast, smoke‐exposed 3‐month‐old plants had lower root nitrogen concentrations than controls. No significant differences were found in the 9‐month‐old plants, and no significant shifts in other nutrient concentrations were observed between plant tissues for any of the three age cohorts.

Synthesis: Our findings are consistent with smoke‐induced translocation of nutrients from leaves to roots in 2‐year‐old V. drepanolobium. This could represent a novel form of fire adaptation, with variation over the course of plant development. The translocation differences between age cohorts highlight the need to investigate smoke response in older plants of other species. Accounting for this adaptation could better inform our understanding of savanna community structure and nutrient flows under fire regimes altered by anthropogenic land use and climate change.
Comparative clinical characteristics among different age group of adult COVID‐19 patients: A multicenter study
Authors: Cheng † Wei , Peng † Yating , Zhou Aiyuan , Lin Ling , Liao Xin , Deng Dingding , Huang Peng , Liu Wenlong , Jiang Mingyan , Xiang Xudong , Shuang Qingcui , Cai Shan , Chen Ping , Liao Xucai
Published: October 2021

Background

Coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) is a global infectious disease with a large burden of illness and high health care costs. This study aimed to compare clinical features among adult COVID‐19 patients in different age groups.

Methods

Laboratory‐confirmed adult COVID‐19 infection cases between December 31, 2019 to March 8, 2020 obtained from Neighboring Cities. Patients were divided into five age groups. Clinical characteristics were compared among different age groups.

Results

Of 299 cases, median age was 44 and 158 (53%) were male. A total of 53.3% of 30–40 years, 50% of 40–50 years, 36.6% of <30 years and 36.2% of 50–60 years were primary case, none of the elderly were primary case. Among all the observed symptoms, only symptom of dyspnea was significantly different between the elderly group and other groups (p < .001). Proportion of severe or critical type was 2.4%, 5.3%, 9.5%, 14.5%, and 35% in patients with age <30, 30–40, 40–50, 50–65, ≥65, respectively. A total of 285 patients (95.3%) were cured and discharged, 12 patients (4.0%) were still on medical treatment in hospital. There were 2 (0.7%) deaths which occurred among persons ≥65 years. Patients with a history of chronic heart disease had a more than a 56 times higher risk for severe or critical type of COVID‐19 than those without a history of chronic heart disease (odds ratio [OR]: 56.038, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.764–1136.053,p = .009). Old age (OR: 1.055, 95% CI: 1.016–1.095,p = .006), high heart rate in admission (OR: 1.085, 95% CI: 1.03–1.144,p = .002), high respiratory rate in admission (OR: 1.635, 95% CI: 1.093–2.431,p = .017) were independently associated with severe or critical type in COVID‐19.

Conclusions

Proportion of severe or critical type increased with old age groups. Adults with old age and high heart rate, respiratory rate in admission and history of chronic heart disease were associated with severe or critical type in COVID‐19.
Longitudinal change in microRNA‐130a expression and its correlation with the risk of developing major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Wang Hong , Xu Jinglin , Wu Xinhong , Zheng Shouhao , Han Yingmin , Ding Guoming
Published: October 2021

Background

MicroRNA‐130a (miR‐130a) regulates angio‐cellular dysregulation, atherosclerosis, and cardiocerebral injuries, serving as a biomarker for major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events (MACCE) in several chronic diseases. However, its clinical application in patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), who are at a high risk of developing MACCE, has not been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to explore this aspect.

Methods

miR‐130a expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from 50 healthy controls (HCs) at recruitment and 257 ESRD patients undergoing CAPD at month (M)0, M12, M24, and M36 was determined by reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction. ESRD patients undergoing CAPD were followed up until MACCE occurred or M36. Then, MACCE were recorded, and MACCE‐free survival was calculated.

Results

miR‐130a expression was significantly lower in ESRD patients undergoing CAPD than in HCs (p < 0.001). In addition, miR‐130a expression significantly decreased from M0 to M36 in ESRD patients undergoing CAPD (p < 0.001). Moreover, miR‐130a expression at M0, M12, and M24 was significantly lower in patients with MACCE than in those without MACCE (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, high miR‐130a expression at M0, M12, and M36 was significantly correlated with prolonged MACCE‐free survival in ESRD patients undergoing CAPD (all p < 0.05), and high miR‐130a expression at M0 was an independent factor for improved MACCE‐free survival (p = 0.015; hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidential interval): 0.456 (0.243–0.857)).

Conclusion

miR‐130a expression decreases continuously with disease progression in patients with ESRD undergoing CAPD. Additionally, this expression is negatively correlated with MACCE risk in these patients.
Modulus characterization of cells with submicron colloidal probes by atomic force microscope
Authors: Lei Xiaojiao , Li Huiqin , Han Yao , Li Jinjin , Yu Fan , Liang Qi
Published: October 2021

Colloidal probes have been increasingly demanded for the characterization of cellular modulus in atomic force microscope because of their well‐defined geometry and large contact area with cell. In this work, submicron colloidal probes are prepared by scanning electron microscope/focused ion beam and compared with sharp tip and micron colloidal probe, in conjunction with loading velocity and indentation depth on the apparent elastic modulus. NIM and cartilage cells are used as specimens. The results show that modulus value measured by sharp tip changes significantly with loading velocity while remains almost stable by colloidal probes. Also, submicron colloidal probe is superior in characterizing the modulus with increasing indentation depth, which could help reveal the mechanical details of cellular membrane and the modulus of the whole cell. To test the submicron colloidal probe further, the modulus distribution map of cell is scanned with submicron colloidal probe of 50 nm radius during small and large indentation depths with high spatial resolution. The outcome of this work will provide the effective submicron colloidal probe according to the effect of loading velocity and indentation depth, characterizing the mechanical properties of the cells.
Isoradial immersions
Authors: Boutillier Cédric , Cimasoni David , de Tilière Béatrice
Published: October 2021

Isoradial embeddings of planar graphs play a crucial role in the study of several models of statistical mechanics, such as the Ising and dimer models. Kenyon and Schlenker give a combinatorial characterization of planar graphs admitting an isoradial embedding, and describe the space of such embeddings. In this paper we prove two results of the same type for generalizations of isoradial embeddings: isoradial immersions and minimal immersions. We show that a planar graph admits a flat isoradial immersion if and only if its train‐tracks do not form closed loops, and that a bipartite graph has a minimal immersion if and only if it is minimal. In both cases we describe the space of such immersions. The techniques used are different in both settings, and distinct from those of Kenyon and Schlenker. We also give an application of our results to the dimer model defined on bipartite graphs admitting minimal immersions.
Angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism, ACE activity, and COVID‐19: A rather controversial hypothesis. A case‐control study
Authors: Papadopoulou Anna , Fragkou Paraskevi C. , Maratou Eirini , Dimopoulou Dimitra , Kominakis Antonis , Kokkinopoulou Ioanna , Kroupis Christos , Nikolaidou Athina , Antonakos Georgios , Papaevangelou Vasiliki , Armaganidis Apostolos , Tsantes Argirios , Polyzogopoulou Eftychia , Tsiodras Sotirios , Antoniadou Anastasia , Moutsatsou Paraskevi
Published: October 2021

Accumulating data has shown a contribution of the renin‐angiotensin system in COVID‐19 pathogenesis. The role of angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism as a risk factor in developing COVID‐19 disease comes from epidemiological data and is controversially discussed. We conducted a retrospective case‐control study and assessed the impact of ACE I/D genotype in COVID‐19 disease prevalence and severity. In 81 COVID‐19 patients explicitly characterized and 316 controls, recruited during the first wave of COVID‐19 pandemic, ACE I/D genotype, and ACE activity were determined. A generalized linear model was used and Poisson regression analysis estimated the risk ratios (RRs) of alleles and genotypes for disease severity. DD patients had almost 2.0‐fold increased risk (RR: 1.886, confidence limit [CL] 95%: 1.266–2.810, p = 0.0018) of developing a more severe disease when contrasted to ID and II individuals, as did D allele carriers compared to I carriers (RR: 1.372; CL 95%: 1.051–1.791; p = 0.0201). ACE activity (expressed as arbitrary units, AU/L) was lower in patients (3.62 ± 0.26) than in controls (4.65 ± 0.13) (p < 0.0001), and this reduction was observed mainly among DD patients compared to DD controls (3.97 ± 0.29 vs. 5.38 ± 0.21; p = 0.0014). Our results demonstrate that ACE DD genotype may predispose to COVID‐19 increased disease severity via a mechanism associated, at least in part, with the significant fall in their ACE activity. Our findings suggest a more complex pattern of synergy between this polymorphism and ACE activity in COVID‐19 patients compared to healthy individuals and set the grounds for large‐scale studies assessing ACE genotype‐based optimized therapies with ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers.