bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Virtual Power Plant – A Review Of Business Models
Authors: Ropuszyńska-Surma Edyta , Węglarz Magdalena
Published: July 2019

The aim of the article is to present a critical comparison of different business models of Virtual Power Plant and pointing out both the common and the unique features for each model. Therefore, the American, German, Finnish, Danish and Australian VPP’s business models are described in the article. The VPP is an IT structure which integrates different types of distributed energy sources, flexible consumers and energy storage with each other and with other market segments in real time through a smart grid. The VPP gives positive effects on electricity grid like ensuring energy security, improving grid stability and reliability, optimization of energy resources use, lowering the load - demand response, regulation of frequency, using operational reserves, management of peak demand. The business model is perceived as a method of increasing and exploitation of company’s resources for preparing new products or services for customers in order to obtain added value (expanding the competition advantage or increasing profitability). A potential VPP’s business model in Polish conditions was proposed in case of two different types of customers.
Investment outlays on environmental protection in Polish coal mining
Authors: Ogrodnik Romuald
Published: July 2019

Nowadays, the functioning of mining companies is conditional not only on the market situation, but also on the good relations with stakeholders. Good relations with recipients, suppliers, employees as well as with local communities and environmental organisations are of crucial importance. Social acceptance is becoming one of the primary conditions for mining operations. The main complaint faced by mining companies is their negative impact on the environment. It is, therefore, important to determine not only the measures aimed at reducing the negative impact of mining on the environment, but also the amount of expenditures allocated for this purpose. The main aim of this study is to analyse the investment outlays allocated for environmental protection. In order to support the aim of the study, a statistical analysis of data from 2003-2016 was carried out in terms of the structure of outlays for environmental protection: air and climate protection, water and sewage management, and soil protection, as well as protection against noise and vibration.
Influence of the CO2 emission factor value on the result of the load distribution analysis between the hybrid PV/WT/FC system and the electric power system
Authors: Ceran Bartosz
Published: July 2019

This article presents the results of the multicriteria analysis of loads distribution between hybrid power generation system consisting of PV/WT/FC and the electricity system. The simulations were performed for power systems with different structures of the manufacturing sector, and so with different values of the factor of CO2 emission. A decision-making criteria, which were used to compare the relevant scenarios, have been defined.
MIEC-type ceramic membranes for the oxygen separation technology
Authors: Świerczek Konrad , Zhao Hailei , Zhang Zijia , Du Zhihong
Published: July 2019

Mixed ionic-electronic conducting ceramic membrane-based oxygen separation technology attracts great attention as a promising alternative for oxygen production. The oxygen-transport membranes should not only exhibit a high oxygen flux but also show good stability under CO2-containing atmospheres. Therefore, designing and optimization, as well as practical application of membrane materials with good CO2 stability is a challenge. In this work, apart from discussion of literature data, authors’ own results are provided, which are focused on materia - related issues, including development of electrode materials exhibiting high ionic and electronic conductivities.
Hydrothermal processing of pine wood: effect of process variables on bio-oil quality and yield
Authors: Wądrzyk Mariusz , Berdel Magdalena , Janus Rafał , Brilman Derk Willem Frederik
Published: July 2019

Hydrothermal liquefaction processes (HTL) comprise complex chemical and physical transformations of biomass under the conditions of high temperature and pressure, commonly near- or supercritical water. During this processes, the components of biomass undergo various complicated chemical reactions strongly influenced by process variables. In this study, lignocellulosic biomass (pine wood) has been converted via liquefaction in subcritical water to bio-oil, water-soluble organics, gas and solid products. The process parameters (i.e. temperature and time processing) affecting the bio-oil yields and composition were comparatively studied. The chemical composition of resulting bio-oils was analyzed by means of mid-infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. The maximum bio-oil yield (38.35 wt.%) was obtained at 350 ºC for 10 min. The HHV of the obtained resultant bio-oils varied in the range of 24-28 MJ kg-1. Bio-oils from HTL of pine wood are complex mixtures of aromatic and cyclic compounds with numerous hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups. The experiments exhibited that the increase in the temperature results in adeeper decomposition of biomass manifested by the higher yield of bio-oil and its gradual deoxygenation. In fact, the obtained oil products are promising, valuable intermediates, which may act as a source of many valueadded chemicals.
Application of aluminum-based coagulants for improving efficiency of flue gas desulfurization wastewater treatment in coal – fired power plant
Authors: Marcinowski Piotr , Bogacki Jan , Majewski Maciej , Zawadzki Jarosław , Sivakumar Sridhar
Published: July 2019

Pollution released into the environment as the result of the combustion of energy fuels is a significant global threat. For instance, wastewater in coal–fired power plants is often heavily polluted by organic compounds, heavy metals and boron. Therefore, there is an urgent need for efficient flue gases and wastewater treatment. However, to be industrially implemented, the treatment processes have to be simultaneously effective and inexpensive. This research systematically studied the efficiency of inexpensive coagulation processes using aluminum-based coagulants applied to flue gas desulfurization (FGD) wastewater treatment. Additionally, the differences in the efficiency of total organic carbon (TOC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal between sedimentation and coagulation processes were systematically studied. It was found that coagulation with the appropriate dose of PAX19XL coagulant achieved a satisfactory effect with significant boron removal and almost complete heavy metals removal. The polyelectrolyte use did not improve coagulation effectiveness and did not accelerate sludgesedimentation and volume decreasing. The detailed statistical analyses did not confirm the positive, pronounced effect of coagulation compared to sedimentation, although there were observed exceptions that should be considered separately. The results obtained suggest that inexpensive aluminum-based coagulants may be effective in improving the efficiency of flue gas desulfurization wastewater treatment in coal–fired power plants.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) associated with PM10 collected in Wadowice, South Poland
Authors: Skiba Alicja , Styszko Katarzyna , Furman Przemysław , Dobrowolska Natasza , Kistler Magdalena , Kasper-Giebl Anne , Zięba Damian
Published: July 2019

Krakow is a city in southern Poland inhabited by about 741,000 people. However, Krakow’s agglomeration includes neighboring cities, hence more than 1 million people live there. The agglomeration is struggling with the problem of air pollution. In 2016, admissible average annual concentrations of PM10 (40 μg / m3) were exceeded at all measuring points. Furthermore, daily PM10 concentrations were regularly exceeded in the winter, which is associated with increased coal combustion during this period. Fortunately, interest in the subject of air quality in the world is constantly growing. People are more often aware of the negative impact on health of chemical compounds present in particulate matter (PM) such as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), which were proved to be cancerogenic and mutagenic for people. That is why it is so important to study their presence in the ambient air. PM10 collected in the center of Wadowice (22.12.2016 – 13.10.2017) were investigated. PAHs were extracted from particulate matter and analysed applying the GC/MS technique. The results are discussed in the article.
The significance of energy consumption in environmental impact of rare earth elements recovery from tailings and mining waste
Authors: Kossakowska Karolina , Grzesik Katarzyna
Published: July 2019

Rare Earth Elements (REEs) are identified as critical raw materials for the European Union economy. REEs are not currently produced in the EU, while there are several sources not properly addressed. Within the ENVIREE project tailings from New Kankberg (Sweden) and Covas (Portugal) were identified as rich in REEs and chosen for recovery processing. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology was used to evaluate the environmental impact of REEs recovery. The aim of this study is the detailed analysis of several scenarios with different electricity production schemes of REE recovery. The study discusses the share of energy use in the overall impact on the environment, taking into account diversification in the electricity production structure among EU countries. The energy use is a significant contributor to the overall environmental impact of studied cases. Its share in the total environmental burden is reaching up to 47%. The results show that applying the average electricity scheme production for Europe may lead to biased LCA results. For the accurate LCA results the local production schemes of energy for certain countries should be chosen.
Slide-seq : L'analyse d'expression à haute résolution spatiale
Authors: Jordan Bertrand
Published: July 2019

A newly developed technique allows the analysis of gene expression within tissues at near-cellular resolution. This opens a whole range of applications and will be a major ingredient of future studies.
Zurück in die richtige Bahn – Handskoliose bei Kindern und Erwachsenen
Authors: Fischer Marion
Published: July 2019

Sind Gelenke geschwollen, überwärmt und schmerzen, hat ein Patient häufig rheumatoide Arthritis. Dabei sind oft die Handgelenke betroffen. Sowohl die juvenile Form als auch die rheumatoide Arthritis bei Erwachsenen können zu Fehlstellungen führen. Diese entstehen und äußern sich allerdings unterschiedlich.
Case of early-stage gastric cancer identified in the gastric mucosa with lanthanum phosphate deposition
Authors: Takatsuna Masafumi , Takeuchi Manabu , Usuda Hiroyuki , Terai Shuji
Published: July 2019

Background and study aims A 78-year-old man with Helicobacter pylori infection had been undergoing hemodialysis for chronic renal failure and receiving lanthanum carbonate preparations for 3 years. Endoscopy revealed fine white granular discoloration throughout the stomach, a moderately reddish depression on the lesser curvature of the gastric angle, and white granular discoloration in the surrounding area. A magnified image using narrow-band imaging showed that the depressed part had irregular vascular and pit structures. We established a diagnosis of intramucosal gastric cancer and performed endoscopic submucosal dissection. Histopathological examination revealed a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma that was confined to the mucosa of the depressed area. Moreover, using an electron probe microanalyzer-equipped electron microscope, we found that the degree of lanthanum deposition was lower in the tumor region than in the non-tumor region. Thus, the current case can help in understanding the relationship between lanthanum deposition and early-stage gastric cancer. Because gastric cancers can occur in lanthanum deposit-containing mucosa, esophagogastroduodenoscopy should be used carefully after understanding the characteristics of early- stage gastric cancer in such cases.
Development, Validation, and Application of HPLC Method for Quantification of Antihyperuricemic Compounds from Lippia nodiflora in Rat Plasma
Authors: Cheng Lee-Chuen , Murugaiyah Vikneswaran , Chan Kit-Lam
Published: July 2019

An HPLC method for simultaneous determination of arenarioside (1 ), verbascoside (2), 6-hydroxyluteolin (3), 6-hydroxyluteolin-7-O-glycoside (4), and nodifloretin (5) from Lippia nodiflora in rat plasma was developed and validated. The optimal chromatographic separation was achieved with a gradient mobile phase comprising 0.1% aqueous acetic acid and acetonitrile. The limit of detection was 78.1 ng/mL for 3 and 39.1 ng/mL for the other compounds (signal-to-noise ratio=3), whereas the limit of quantification was 312.5 ng/mL for 3 and 156.3 ng/mL for the other compounds (signal-to-noise ratio=12). The recovery values of compounds 1–5 ranged from 89.37–100.92%. Their accuracy values were between 96.48 and 105.81%, while their corresponding precision values were in the range of 0.75–9.06% for both intraday and inter-day analysis. The method was then applied in the first pharmacokinetic study of 1–5. Following intravenous administration, 1–5 were eliminated slowly from the body with a mean clearance value of 0.11, 0.13, 0.30, 0.09, and 0.23 L/kg h, respectively. Meanwhile, their peak plasma concentration upon oral administration was 8.97, 1.07, 1.06, 0.65, and 0.38 µg/mL, respectively. Compound 3 (5.97%) exhibited the highest absolute oral bioavailability value, followed by 1 (5.22%), 4 (3.13%), 2 (2.10%), and 5 (0.93%).
Unusual Kinetic Profiles for Lewis Base-Catalyzed Sulfenocyclization of ortho-Geranylphenols in Hexafluoroisopropyl Alcohol
Authors: Robb Kevin A. , Athavale Soumitra V. , Denmark Scott E.
Published: July 2019

The kinetic behavior of the Lewis base-catalyzed sulfenocyclization of polyenes in hexafluoroisopropyl alcohol (HFIP) was explored. The rate of reaction is not dependent on the electronic properties of the terminal nucleophile, suggesting that this capture step is not rate limiting. Additionally, fractional orders were observed for two of the reaction components. This intriguing profile appears unique to the polyene sulfenocyclization reaction and is not merely due to solvent effects.
Surgical Treatment for Delayed Ulnar Carpometacarpal Fracture–Dislocations
Authors: Kato Jiro , Tsujii Masaya , Kitaura Yukie , Sudo Akihiro
Published: July 2019

Background Fracture and dislocations of the carpometacarpal (CMC) joints except the thumb are relatively rare. Herein, we report the case of a delayed fracture–dislocation of fourth and fifth carpometacarpal joints.

Case Description The patient is a 41-year-old, right-handed male. To improve the complaints, such as decreased motion, reduced grip strength, and cosmetic appearance, surgical treatment surgically performed with resection of scar tissues and fixation using suture button at 11 weeks after injury. Movement began at 2 weeks after the surgery, which resulted in satisfactory appearance and good function of 92 and 101% of the motion of the unaffected side of the fifth CMC joint and grip strength, respectively.

Literature Review Missed diagnosis can cause impairment of function including grip strength and range of motion. Nevertheless, a few previous studies reported that patients with delayed diagnosis did not need further treatment because of less functional loss and less improvement.

Clinical Relevance The surgical treatment using the implant allowed early motion from 2 weeks after surgery which resulted in good motion of the ulnar CMC joints as well as increased hand grip.
Large plasmonic field enhancement on hydrogen-absorbing transition metals at lower frequencies: Implications for hydrogen storage, sensing, and nuclear fusion
Authors: Fukuoka Norihiko , Tanabe Katsuaki
Published: July 2019

The plasmonic enhancement of electromagnetic field energy density around planar surfaces of hydrogen-absorbing transition metals, Pd, Ti, and Ni, has been quantitatively investigated, to explore the use of plasmonics in the forthcoming hydrogen economy. We have observed that a large degree of energy focusing, with the enhancement factor over several hundreds, is available for these transition metals in the microwave region, even surpassing the enhancement for noble metals. This finding could potentially lead to technological progress in various hydrogen-related energy applications including hydrogen storage, sensing, and nuclear fusion.
Jumping the anode layer in the zone of the E × B discharge
Authors: Strokin N. A. , Kazantsev A. V. , Bardakov V. M. , Nguyen Thang The , Kuzmina A. S.
Published: July 2019

New features and peculiarities of anomalous self-sustained Hall E × B discharge have been discovered. The presence of a minimum density of ions n upon the magnetic field induction B is confirmed for a wide range of discharge parameters. Likewise, the operation mode for a maximum density at the optimal values of the radial and longitudinal components of magnetic induction was discovered. Both effects are accompanied by the changes in the position of the combustion zone E × B of the discharge in the anode-cathode interval and the transformation of the distribution function of the ion energy. The threshold nature of the processes in the plasma E × B of the discharge can be manifested on the curves n = f(B) as an abrupt 3 to 4 times decrease in density upon the increase in B by not more than 10%. An abrupt increase in the density of ions (up to 16 times), occurring with a slight increase in the density of neutrals (∼1.2 times), is recorded when there are jumps of the anode layer from the anode region to the cathode one and vice versa. A thin structure of ion energy spectra explained by the isomagnetic potential jumps, which generate ion density jumps in a narrow energy range, was found. In the search for the reasons for the restructuring of the discharge and generation of isomagnetic jumps, the possible effect of nonlocal gradient-drift and electron-cyclotron drift instabilities on electron mobility and ion acceleration is briefly discussed.
Strain effect on thermoelectric properties of SrRuO3 epitaxial thin films
Authors: Kan Daisuke , Shimakawa Yuichi
Published: July 2019

We investigated the thermopower and anomalous Nernst effect in compressively and tensilely strained SrRuO3 films, revealing the influence of the epitaxial strain on the thermoelectric properties. The compressively strained film has a lower Seebeck coefficient than the tensilely strained film. Furthermore, both the sign and the magnitude of the anomalous Nernst effect are found to be strain dependent. For the compressively strained film, the anomalous Nernst coefficient is positive and is as small as 0.03 μV/K. For the tensilely strained film, on the other hand, the coefficient is negative and its maximum absolute magnitude is as large as 0.13 μV/K. Our results highlight the strong influence of epitaxial strain on electronic structures at the EF and their Berry curvature in SrRuO3, resulting in strain-dependent variations in its thermoelectric properties.
Methylammonium-chloride post-treatment on perovskite surface and its correlation to photovoltaic performance in the aspect of electronic traps
Authors: Hwang Taehyun , Yun Alan Jiwan , Lee Byungho , Kim Jinhyun , Lee Younghyun , Park Byungwoo
Published: July 2019

Herein, MACl post-treatment is utilized for MAPbI3 and (Cs0.05FA0.79MA0.16)Pb(I0.84Br0.16)3 (MA, methylammonium; FA, formamidinium). Photoluminescence of both perovskite films exhibits a peak shift to the higher emission energy as well as a slower decay of recombination by the MACl treatment, suggesting the passivation of defects in band tail states. Photovoltaic performance is further correlated with the change of deep electronic traps in the bandgap, which is characterized through capacitance analyses of solar cells. Degradation of MAPbI3 cells by the MACl treatment is attributed to the additional deep-trap formation, and the improvement of photovoltaic parameters for triple-cation perovskites is correlated with the reduction of deep traps with trap-level shifts toward the band edge. The reactive characters of MAPbI3 against post-treatment conditions seem to be responsible for the deep-trap formation as evidenced by the microstructural/morphological results, and consequently, the improved resistance to trap the formation of triple-cation perovskites provides viability for further performance enhancement by surface passivation.
Group-theoretical formulation of an Eckart-frame kinetic energy operator in curvilinear coordinates for polyatomic molecules
Authors: Rey Michael
Published: July 2019

A new procedure is presented for building a general kinetic energy operator expressed as a polynomial series expansion of symmetry-adapted curvilinear coordinates for semirigid polyatomic molecules. As a starting point, the normal-mode Watson kinetic energy part is considered and then transformed into its curvilinear counterpart. An Eckart molecular fixed-frame is thus implicitly used. To this end, we exploit symmetry at all stages of the calculation and show how group-theoretically based methods and Γ-covariant tensors help properly invert nonlinear polynomials for the coordinate changes. Such a linearization procedure could also be useful in different contexts. Unlike the usual normal mode approach, the potential part initially expressed in curvilinear coordinates is not transformed in this work, making convergence of the Hamiltonian expansion generally faster. For dimensionality reduction, the final curvilinear kinetic and potential parts are expanded in terms of irreducible tensor operators when doubly and triply degenerate vibrations are involved. The procedure proposed here is general and can be applied to arbitrary Abelian and non-Abelian point groups. Illustrative examples will be given for the H2S (C2v), H2CO (C2v), PH3 (C3v), and SiH4 (Td) molecules.
Spontaneous self-assembly and structure of perfluoroalkylalkane surfactant hemimicelles by molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Silva Gonçalo M. C. , Morgado Pedro , Lourenço Pedro , Goldmann Michel , Filipe Eduardo J. M.
Published: July 2019

Significance

Semifluorinated alkanes surfactants spontaneously form nanostructured Langmuir films at the surface of water, consisting of highly organized arrays of hemimicelles. These supramolecular nanostructures are potential candidates for numerous applications, from smart materials to medical devices. Despite all efforts, the principles governing the formation and structure of these hemimicelles are not understood. Atomistic molecular-dynamics (MD) simulations show the spontaneous formation of such aggregates strikingly resembling those experimentally observed, supporting a rational explanation for the formation, size and shape of the hemimicelles. The simulated grazing incidence X-ray diffraction spectrum matches that obtained experimentally, fully validating the MD results. Given the simplicity of these “primitive” amphiphiles compared with the common hydrophilic/hydrophobic surfactants, these results can contribute to understand self-assembly processes in general.
Cross-linguistic influence in the development of null arguments in early successive bilingual acquisition
Authors: Sopata Aldona
Published: July 2019

The main goal of this study is to investigate the nature of null elements used in German by early successive bilingual Polish-German children. The language pair offers the opportunity to investigate the possibility of cross-linguistic influence in the area of null arguments between two languages which differ significantly in the nature of the null arguments allowed in the grammars. Longitudinal data from four bilingual children who were first exposed to L2 German between the ages of 2;6 and 4;7 years is used in the investigation. The results show that early successive bilinguals have no underlying grammatical representation involving pro in their L2. Neither are the null elements exclusively a result of topic drop, as they are in German, or of discourse drop, as they are in adult Polish grammar. The findings suggest that early bilinguals transfer an L1 strategy of linking null elements to general pragmatic contexts.
The agency of language in institutional talk
Authors: Caronia Letizia , Orletti Franca
Published: July 2019

This article, introducing the Special Issue, investigates the notion of “agency of language” and its historical roots: the phenomenological emphasis on the social actors’ role in constituting their Life-World. It reconstructs the genesis – at the beginning of the 20th century – of two ideas that still nourish contemporary interactional and pragmatic views of language: language meaning relies on use, language is a tool to perform activities. Focusing on dialogue in institutional settings, it illustrates how cultures, social orders, and moral horizons are talked-into-being and shaped through the activities performed in institutional talk. It also presents the contributions in the Special Issue that address the co-constitutive relationship between language, interaction, and culture from different disciplinary perspectives as well as methodological approaches.
Assessing a (gifted) child in parent-teacher conference
Authors: Caronia Letizia , Vandini Chiara Dalledonne
Published: July 2019

Delivering and acknowledging assessments are the most recurrent institutional activities occurring in parent-teacher conference. This paper reports data from a mother-teacher conference concerning a gifted child. We show how participants’ practices to accomplish and receive assessment in the report-assessment phase of the event: (a) display their relative epistemic and deontic rights, (b) are oriented to participants’ institutional relevant identities, and (c) project or even enact different and quite opposite assessment trajectories. We contend that struggles in assessing the child display participants’ different stances: teachers’ ‘normalizing’ and ‘group oriented’ trajectory vs. the mother’s orientation toward ‘doctorability’ and pressure for individualized treatment. Although typically occurring between routine-case oriented institutions vs. idiosyncratic-case oriented clients, such a struggle displays also the ‘paradoxical injunctions’ that frame teachers’ everyday work: adopting a ‘group-oriented’ perspective while at the same time being accountable for an individualized approach.
Microstructural refinement of 6061 and 5052 aluminium alloys by arc oscillation
Authors: Yan Zhaoyang , Yuan Tao , Chen Shujun
Published: July 2019

The mechanism of the microstructure refinement of metals and alloys (5052 and 6061) by arc oscillating was studied and discussed via the grain size of regular welds and those welded at different oscillation frequencies. In 5052 alloy, fine columnar crystals appeared near the ‘internal fusion line’ during the oscillating arc welding and the grains have been significantly refined by oscillating arc with low and high frequency. However, the grain refinement of 6061 Al alloy was limited during arc oscillating welding due to the different crystal growth pattern at the fusion line and material properties. It is not caused by changing of the grain refinement mechanism but by the difference in the material properties.
Downregulation of miR-145-5p elevates retinal ganglion cell survival to delay diabetic retinopathy progress by targeting FGF5
Authors: Zhang Jingjing , Cui Changlei , Xu Haiyang
Published: July 2019

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of new-onset blindness. Recent studies showed that protecting retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) from high glucose-induced injury is a promising strategy for delaying DR. This study is to investigate the role of miR-145-5p in high glucose-induced RGC injury. Here, RGCs were randomly divided into low glucose and high glucose groups. PCR assay showed miR-145-5p was significantly upregulated in high glucose group. Transfection of miR-145-5p inhibitor decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, elevated cell viability and proliferation, as well as suppressed cell apoptosis by ELISA, MTT, EdU proliferation, colony formation and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Moreover, dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed FGF5 as a target gene of miR-145-5p. FGF5 knockdown could partially reverse the protective effects of miR-145-5p on RGC-5 cells. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that inhibition of miR-145-5p might be a neuroprotective target for diabetes mellitus-related DR.

Abbreviations: DR: diabetic retinopathy; RGCs: retinal ganglion cells; miR-145-5p: microRNA-145-5p; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-6: interleukin-6; FGF: fibroblast growth factor; ATCC: American Type Culture Collection; WT: wild type; MUT: mutant type
Suppression of LINC00707 alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and apoptosis in PC-12 cells by regulated miR-30a-5p/Neurod 1
Authors: Zhu Shiping , Zhou Zhigang , Li Zhizhong , Shao Jianli , Jiao Genlong , Huang Yu′En , Lin Yongxin
Published: July 2019

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has emerged as a pivotal regulator improving neural regeneration in the progression of spinal cord injury (SCI). However, whether lncRNAs can be targeted for therapeutic intervention of SCI remains unclear. In this study, we found that LINC00707 expression was significantly up-regulated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated PC-12, a model that mimics nerve cell injury in an inflammatory environment after SCI. Suppression of LINC00707 alleviated LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis in PC-12 cells. Furthermore, we found that LINC00707 adsorbed miR-30a-5p and silenced miR-30a-5p or overexpressed Neurod 1 reversed the effect of LINC00707 on the inflammation and apoptosis of LPS-treated PC-12 cells. These findings revealed that LINC00707 alleviates LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis in PC-12 cells by targeting miR-30a-5p/Neurod 1, providing a preliminary theoretical basis for the clinical application of LINC00707 in SCI.
Renovating the Roman Colosseum: Politics, urban restructuring, and the value of heritage in neoliberal times
Authors: Galbo Joseph
Published: July 2019

The paper presents debates over two renovations of the Roman Colosseum between 2011 and 2015, within a broader historical and political context, as prisms through which we can explore the entanglements of neoliberal politics, urban restructuring, and the ways in which heritage is being valued. With reference to the criticisms of art historian Tomaso Montanari, archaeologist Salvatore Settis, and anthropologist Michael Herzfeld, the current study examines the political, aesthetic, and ethical rationalities inscribed in the renovations of the Colosseum and the spatial organisation of the city more generally. The paper concludes by outlining how new forms of political populism in Italy, feeding on the discontents of neoliberalism, have placed heritage at the centre of intensely contested questions of citizenship and national identity.
Spike and Double stability on QDSEL of positive and negative optoelectronics feedback 220 ps
Authors: Abd Ali R H , Abdoon R S , Ghalib B A
Published: July 2019

Nanotechnology laser is one of the fastest growing areas in many fields of science and medical applications. In this study, the behavior of quantitative point semiconductor laser was studied (quantum dot semiconductor laser QDSL) with positive and negative optoelectronic feedback (OEF) utilizing the rate equations to investigate the behavior of the delay time and its effect on the density of the photons as the values of the optoelectronic feedback were changed by the value of the time (τ = 220 ps). Many different regions of stable and double spike when optoelectronic Feedback Strength values as ζ = (+0.2)−(+0.6) and ζ = (−0.2)−(−0.6).
Structure, surface morphology and optical properties of CuxZn1-xS/Au NPs layer for photodetector application
Authors: Omran Alkhayatt Adel H. , AbdulWahab Habieb Azher , Hadi Abbas Al-Noaman Abbas , Abdulhussein Hameed Ali
Published: July 2019

CuZnS and CuZnS/Au NPs layer with different Cu/Zn content thin films have been deposited on heated glass substrate by spray pyrolysis technique at 330 °C and annealed at 450 °C for 1 hour. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results reveals that the structures of all prepared thin films are polycrystalline in nature, with preferential growth orientation along (111) plane corresponding to the cubic ZnS (sphalerite). Two low crystallinity of crystallographic phases corresponding to hexagonal CuS and monoclinic Cu2S were appeared with Cu/Zn different content. Strong diffraction peak of Au NPs appeared in CuZnS/Au NPs layer structure corresponding to the cubic Au gold phase oriented along (111) plane. Structure parameters such as crystallite size and number of crystalline, dislocation density and micro strain have been determined. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic force microscope (AFM) images of CZS, and CZS/Au NPs thin films shows smooth, uniform morphology and plated regularly with no detectable micro-cracks. The roughness and r.m.s. roughness was increased with increase of Cu/Zn content from 1.95 nm to 4.36 nm respectively, while it decreased with the exists of Au NPs layer from 20.9nm to 3.99 nm. The energy dispersion x-ray spectroscopy spectra demonstrate the stoichiometry of the deposited films. The optical properties results exhibits red shifted in the fundamental absorption edge towards low energies of CZS (Cu/Zn content) and CZS/Au Nps layer thin films. The optical energy gap has been decreased from (2.56 to 2.34 eV, and 2.62 to 2.32 eV) with respect to Cu/Zn content and Au Nps layer, respectively.
A New Correlation between Galaxy Stellar Masses and Spiral Arm
Authors: Al-Baidhany Ismaeel A. , Salman Chiad Sami , Jabbar Wasmaa A. , Fadhil Habubi Nadir , Mubarak Tahseen H. , Abbas Khadayeir Abdulhussain , Hassan Ehssan S. , Odda Dawod Mohamed , Haneen Abass Khalid
Published: July 2019

We present a new relation between pitch angle of spiral arm (a parameter of the tightness of spiral structure) and the galaxy stellar masses.

Taken both with the result that stellar mass seems to determine pitch angle of spiral arm, one would anticipate a correlation to exist between pitch angle of spiral galaxy and the galaxy stellar masses in disk of spiral galaxies.

In this study, we measured the stellar mass of galaxy by using the calibration of L3.6µm,gal., and using the constant mass-to-light ratio (M/L)3.6µm,gal., were derived from the stellar population models. We conclude that pitch angle of spiral arm is a instrument to calculate indirect measurements of the stellar mass of galaxy.
Assessment of radioactivity levels and its associated radiological hazards in soil of Babylon governorate middle of Iraq
Authors: Salman E F , Muttelab M K , Manii J K
Published: July 2019

The paper included a radial map of the study area for the first time in Iraq thirty-one samples of the soil in Babylon governorate were used for the purpose of measurement the radiation Pollution in the region. used γ-ray spectrometer NaI(TI) detector technique for the purpose of measurement the concentration of natural radionuclides of 238U, 232Th, 235U and 40K we found (397.230 ± 3.802 Bq/kg to 244.511 ± 2.983Bq/kg) for 40K (37.091 ± 1.005 Bq/kg to 1.879 ± 0.226 Bq/kg) for 238U,from (30.971 ± 0.814 Bq/kg to 0.192 ± 0.064 Bq/kg) for 232Th and (1.709 ± 0.280 Bq/kg to 0.086 ± 0.063)Bq/kg for 235U.The radiological hazards due to natural radionuclides content calculated such as gamma dos rate (AD), radium equivalent activity, annual effective does equivalent (AEDE) ranged between (0.4498 Bq/kg to 0.121 Bq/kg). The results obtained in this research were consistent with global results, the concentration of natural radionuclides in soil samples were within the worldwide value reported by UNSCEAR 2008.
Study the deformation in some even krypton isotopes (88-92) using IBM-1 model
Authors: Jaber Gh A , Muttaleb M K
Published: July 2019

This research is being studied the low lying energy levels structure of some even-even krypton isotopes and possibility of electromagnetic transmission for them using the Interacting Boson Model-1IBM-1 to estimate the nuclear structure for 88-92Kr isotopes. The results were obtained using IBM program with Fortran language and the values of parameters in this calculations indicated that Krypton isotopes have a vibration U(5) and unstable O(6) properties. These properties are clear from the ratios and from the potential energy surface. The calculated results are in a good agreement with recent experimental data for theses isotopes.
Synthesis of Asymmetrical Charged Particle Lens Using Analytical Potential Model
Authors: Al-Batat A H , Yaseen M J , Al-Ramadhan Z A
Published: July 2019

In the present work, the optimization by synthesis approach in the field of charged particle optics has been followed, where a modified analytical function has been proposed to represent the axial magnetic scalar potential distribution of the charged particle lens. Thereby, the corresponding axial field distribution can be deduced which is necessary to determine the paraxial ray trajectories and the aberration coefficients. Indeed, the present work deals with asymmetrical distributions of the lens field, accordingly, the first order properties and third order aberrations of the charged particle lens have been evaluated under zero and infinite magnification modes taken into account the effect of some geometrical parameters. The present work aims to reconstruct the shape of the pole piece of the magnetic lens that produced the proposed target function. The results have shown that, the pole piece shape of the lens and the field distributions have new irregular configurations as well as the objective properties of the lens are of acceptable values, according to the constraints that are imposed in the design process.
Simulation on Rotation Curve of Spiral Galaxies
Authors: Ahmed Bushra A , Abood Loay K , Salih Mohammad A
Published: July 2019

The problem of dark matter in galaxies is still one of the most important unsolved problems in the contemporary extragalactic astronomy and cosmology. The existence of a significant dynamic difference between the visible mass and the conventional mass of galaxies firmly establishes observational result. In this paper an unconventional explanation will be tested as an alternative to the cold dark matter hypothesis; which is called the modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND).

In this paper covers the simulation of galactic evolutions; where the two hypotheses are tested via the rotation curves. N-body simulation was carried adopting different configuration like a hot disk, elliptical (with arms and without arms) with a different parameter that covers the objects distribution, masses and velocities. It is shown from the simulation results that the MOND hypothesis has generated better rotation curves than the Newtonian theorem. Moreover, the appropriate configuration and parameters for spiral galaxy are investigated. It is shown that this assignment has not been easy; because the problem is very delicate and unstable.
Radon and uranium concentration in ground water of nineveh plain region in iraq
Authors: Kheder Malik H , Ahmad Aymen M , Azeez Hanaa N , Slewa Muna Y , Badr Ban A , Sleeman Sleeman Y
Published: July 2019

The track registration technique with a CR-39 detector was used to measure radon concentrations, and uranium contents in ground water samples from the Nineveh plain region wells. Samples were selected from 20 locations for measurements. This research aimed to assess radiological risks from uranium ingestion, and measure annual effective dose AED resulting from the intake of radon in the ingested water. Radon concentrations in these water samples were found to vary from 0.362 to 1.485 BqL−1, which were below the safety recommended limits 4 to 40 BqL−1 based on the Scientific Committee of United Nations on Atomic Radiation Effects. AED was found to vary from 1.32 to 5.42 µSv/y. Uranium activity concentrations ranged from 0.356 to 1.488 BqL−1, and the corresponding uranium concentrations in water samples were found to vary from 28.76 to 120 μgL−1. Uranium concentrations were over the safety recommended limits when, compared with recommended limits of of 30 μgL−1 for drinking water based on the US environmental protection agency. The excess cancer risk varied from 0.398 to 1.666 x10-4 with a mean value of 0.9 x10-4, indicating that 9/100,000 people in these areas haves a cancer risk from the water.
Effect of Polarity of Solvents on Linear Optical Properties for Organic Dye
Authors: Al-Huda Al-Aaraji Noor , Mousa Abdulazeez O. , Naser Ban A.
Published: July 2019

In this paper, preparation and study the effect of polarity of two solvents (Dimethyl sulfoxide and acetone) on linear optical properties for solutions of organic dye (Aurintricarboxylic acid) with different concentrations were investigated. This dye has characterized using nuclear magnetic renounce (H-NMR) and Fourier translation infrared (FTIR) devices. Absorption and transmission spectra of samples recorded using UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The results referred to that the samples dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide solvent had very large linear optical properties as compared with samples dissolved in acetone solvent due to high polarity of dimethyl sulfoxide solvent. As a result, this organic dye can be used as active laser medium and photonic devices
A comparative study of optical quality for different polymeric contact lenses
Authors: Shaker Lina M. , Al-Hamdani Ali H. , Al-Amiery Ahmed A.
Published: July 2019

The comparision between pure organic polymer namely Poly(methyl methacrylate) “PMMA” and impregnated with Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) as contact lenses on image quality of human eye have been investigated. Pure PMMA and TiO2-PMMA materials were considered and applied using ZEMAX software as contact lenses (CLs) basis on Liou & Brennan eye model. Ocular performance was evaluated and analysis by three criteria, namely tangential modulation transfer function (TMTF), wavefront aberration characteristics and root mean square (RMS) of spot diagram. All the criteria showed that contact lens made of TiO2-PMMA when its refractive index (RI) = 1.61 and Abbe number (νd) = 31.8 provided the closest imaging properties to the healthy eye. From the results of our investigation, PMMA doping with TiO2resulted in balanced RI with νdpolymer and it provided the best retinal image when it used in CLs in comparison with image properties of the resulting image using the lens of pure PMMA polymer.
A Study of the Effect of Nano Zinc Oxide on Cure Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Rubber Composites
Authors: Hadi F A , Kadhim R G
Published: July 2019

This study investigates the effect of nano zinc oxide on cure characteristics and mechanical properties of natural rubber composites in comparison with the effect of conventional zinc oxide. Six rubber compounds were prepared with nano zinc oxide (particle size = (10-30) nm and surface area = (30-60) m2/g) and levels of (0,0.4,0.8,1.2,1.6,2) phr (parts per hundred parts of rubber weight). Six rubber compounds were prepared with conventional zinc oxide levels of (0,2,4,5,6,8) phr. The cure rate index was improved by 48.29% and torque difference was improved by 4.77%. The tensile strength was improved by 7.37% and the modulus at 300% was improved by 3.27%, while the hardness was decreased by 5.73%. The using of nano zinc oxide instead of conventional zinc oxide reduced the amount of zinc oxide inside rubber composites by 75%.
Determination of Radionuclides and Heavy Elements in the Rising Dust in the Small Side of Diwaniyah City due to the Movement of Wheels and Cars
Authors: Obayes K H , Mahdi K H , Nassif R M , Mansour H L
Published: July 2019

This research aims to determine the concentration of radionuclides in dust samples on the public streets of the small side of Diwaniyah city in Iraq as a result of movements of wheels and cars using the gamma spectra and high purity germanium detector (HPGe) with resolution of (2.3 keV) for energy (1.332 MeV) of cobalt 60Co. Dust samples were collected from the streets Diwaniyah city with (26) samples prepared for measurement. The results of the specific activity concentration of Uranium-238, Thorium-232, Potassium-40 and Cesium-137 were (14.66 ± 0.950, 26.29 ± 2.431, 219.04 ± 15.150 and 11.49 ± 0.876) Bq/kg respectively. The radiation parameters Raeq, absorbed dose rate, annual effective external exposure rate and annual effective dose rate of internal exposure were (69.122 Bq/kg, 31.787 nGy/h, 0.0389 mSv/y,0.155 mSv/y) respectively. The value of the external risk index (Hex), the internal risk index (HIn) and the risk index for gamma radiation was (0.186,0.226 and 0.506) respectively. The results obtained from granular volumetric analysis of dust patterns as a result of movement of cars and vehicles indicate that most of dust for some samples of the study area was sandy-silt with a little clay (Sandy Silt Clayey). These components of dust depend on the energy and speed of the transport wind, Volumetric granules.
Effect of Nickel Substitution On Structural and Electrical Properties of Hg0.5Pb0.5Ba2Ca2Cu3-yNiyO8+δ Superconductor Composite
Authors: Mohammed Laheeb A. , Jasim Kareem A.
Published: July 2019

six specimens of the Hg0.5Pb0.5Ba2Ca2Cu3-y
Niy
O8+δ (y=0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0) superconducting compound were prepared by solid state reaction method, with sintering temperature equal to 1123K for 24 hours. The electrical resistivity was examined by the four probe technique, It was found that all the specimens have metallic behavior and increasing the critical temperature with increasing nickel concentration. The optimum critical temperature Tc was found equal to 137.5 K when the value of nickel concentration y=0.8. The structural of all the specimens studied by using XRD analysis, this examination showed the crystal structure of the specimens is polycrystalline with tetragonal structure. The volume fraction of high phase Hg0.5Pb0.5Ba2Ca2Cu3-y
Niy
O8+δ superconducting (Hg-1223 phase) increase up to 81.737% by increasing Ni concentration for y=0.8, The increasing in nickel concentration causes due to increase the high-phase 1223 and increment of c parameter.
An Investigation of Structural and Optical Properties of CuS Thin Film Prepared by Chemical Bath Deposition
Authors: Hadi Amara S , Wanas Ahmed H , Azara Saleem H , Al-Adilee Khalid J
Published: July 2019

Thin film of copper sulfide (CuS) with three molar concentrate of Thiouria (NH2)2CS (TU) (0.03,0.05 and 0.08) M and Copper Chloride CuCl2.2H2O with molar ratio (0.01) M have been prepared by Chemical Bath Deposition Technique on glass substrates at (75°C), for one hour. As deposition and annealed films were studied, the results of X-ray diffraction showed that the films were polycrystalline with Hexagonal structure. The optical properties of CuS thin films recording by the transmittance and absorbance spectrum for wave length range (300-1100) nm, the results showed that the transmittance increases with increasing molar concentration of Sulfide source (TU) for as deposited and annealed films. It is noticed that the electronic transitions is directly allowed transition and the values of energy gap ranging between (1.3 – 2.2) eV corresponding to increasing of molar concentration of Thiouria. The purpose of the research is to study the compositional, optical and electrical properties of the prepared films and study the effect of sulfur exporters, On the structural and optical properties.