bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of annealing temperature and doping concentrations on structure and optical properties of Eu3+-doped TiO2 nanomaterials
Authors:   College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Campus II, 3/2 Street, Xuan Khanh Ward, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam, Tuan Nguyen Tri , Tam Tong Thi Hao ,   School of Information Technology and Digital Economics, National Economics University, 207 Giai Phong Street, Dong Tam Ward, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Tu Nguyen ,   Faculty of Fundamental Sciences, Phenikaa University, Yen Nghia Ward, Ha Dong District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Trung Do Quang ,   Faculty of Fundamental Sciences, Phenikaa University, Yen Nghia Ward, Ha Dong District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Du Nguyen Van ,   Faculty of Fundamental Sciences, Phenikaa University, Yen Nghia Ward, Ha Dong District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Tien Tran Minh ,   Faculty of Fundamental Sciences, Phenikaa University, Yen Nghia Ward, Ha Dong District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Hang Vu Thi ,   College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Campus II, 3/2 Street, Xuan Khanh Ward, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam, Tuan Nguyen Trong ,   College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Campus II, 3/2 Street, Xuan Khanh Ward, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam, Quang Nguyen Van ,   Department of Chemistry, Hanoi Pedagogical University 2, Nguyen Van Linh Street, Xuan Hoa Ward, Phuc Yen City, Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam, Tran Manh Trung ,   Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Phenikaa University, Yen Nghia Ward, Ha Dong District, Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: March 2024

In this study, we successfully synthesized europium-doped TiO2 (TiO2:Eu3+) nanomaterials (NMs) with crystalline sizes ranging from 6.5 to 71.7 nm through a sol-gel method. Analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectra indicates that the substitution of smaller-sized Ti4+ ions (0.745 Å) by larger-sized Eu3+ ions (0.947 Å) was more efficient at higher doping concentrations and annealing temperatures. Photoluminescence (PL) and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra of the synthesized TiO2:7%Eu3+NMs exhibit a strong red emission band peaking at 613 nm and remarkable absorption in the blue light region centered at 463 nm, making them suitable for use in white light-emitting diode (WLED) applications. Our findings reveal that both annealing temperature and doping concentration significantly influence the structure and properties of these materials. Besides, the research team has seen, under the experimental conditions, the TiO2:7%Eu3+ sample annealed at 800°C exhibits the highest PL intensity. These results underscore the potential of the synthesized TiO2:Eu3+ NMs as red-emitting materials for WLED applications.
Factors affecting the coagulation of milk protein during quark cheese processing in Vietnam
Authors:   School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet Street, Bach Khoa Ward, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Chinh Nghia , Dinh Hang Ngan ,   School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet Street, Bach Khoa Ward, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Thu Trang ,   School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet Street, Bach Khoa Ward, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Ha Trang ,   School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet Street, Bach Khoa Ward, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Thi Trang ,   School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet Street, Bach Khoa Ward, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Hoang Giang ,   High Command of Guard Police, Ministry of Public Security, 16 Tran Vu Street, Quan Thanh Ward, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Chu Ky Son ,   School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet Street, Bach Khoa Ward, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Vu Thu Trang ,   School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet Street, Bach Khoa Ward, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: March 2024

In recent years, cheese consumption in Vietnam is markedly rising, leading to the attention of local milk processors on cheese making. Quark-type cheese, a traditional food in Central Europe, is a type of well-known acid-coagulated cheese product. Milk coagulation properties (MCPs) play an important role to the success of the cheese-making process and are influenced by different parameters. In this study, the quality of raw milk for cheese making and the coagulation conditions in quark-type cheese processing were investigated. Raw milk collected from Phu Dong dairy farm met the requirement of Vietnamese standard for cheese making. The appropriate conditions for coagulation were identified: the heat treatment of milk at 60°C for 15 minutes, coagulation temperature at 40oC and pH 5.5, CaCl2 concentration at 0.04g/l. Under these conditions, a short coagulation time (72.33 seconds) and high curd yields (50.70%) were obtained. These results suggested that quark-type cheese using raw milk in Vietnam could be successfully developed at larger scale.
Development of a lateral flow immunoassay with HRP enhancement for spiked SARS-CoV-2 protein N detection in human saliva
Authors:   School of Biotechnology, International University, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, Quarter 6, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Vu Minh Hieu ,   Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Ho Chi Minh City, 699 Tran Hung Dao Street, Ward 1, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Tran Doan Hong Ngoc ,   Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Ho Chi Minh City, 699 Tran Hung Dao Street, Ward 1, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam,   School of Biomedical Engineering, International University, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, Quarter 6, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Dang-Trinh Minh-Anh ,   Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Ho Chi Minh City, 699 Tran Hung Dao Street, Ward 1, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Khon Huynh Chan ,   School of Biomedical Engineering, International University, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, Quarter 6, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam,   Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, International University, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, Quarter 6, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam,   Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, International University, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, Quarter 6, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam,   Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: March 2024

The Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is an enveloped RNA virus that caused a dangerous COVID-19 pandemic following an outbreak in Wuhan, China in 2019. In response to the pandemic, the development of lateral flow assays (LFAs) has been crucial for the detection of viruses, commonly targeting the spike (S) or nucleocapsid (N) protein in nasopharyngeal swab (NS) specimens. COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, predominantly manifests as a respiratory tract infection-like illness, characterized by symptoms such as fever, dry cough, upper airway congestion, runny nose, sore throat, myalgia, headache, and exhaustion. This study presents the development of an LFA targeting the N protein to detect the coronavirus in saliva specimens, using a sandwich format. The use of 80 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has been investigated, and the application of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and TMB substrate has been employed to enhance the limit of detection (LOD). The results demonstrate a significant 200-fold improvement in LOD, from 10 to 50 pg/ml, for N protein spiked in saliva samples after the application of HRP-TMB. This finding highlights an important advancement towards the utilization of saliva samples in diagnostic applications.
Antifungal activity of a methanolic extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. root against Fusarium oxysporum and Phytophthora capsici
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu District, Gwangju City, Republic of Korea, Nguyen Dang-Minh-Chanh ,   Research and Development Institute for Agriculture Nafoods, 162A Nguyen Tuan Street, Thanh Xuan Trung Ward, Thanh Xuan District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Luong Thi-Hoan ,   National Institute of Medicinal Materials (NIMM), 3B Quang Trung Street, Trang Tien Ward, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Van-Viet ,   Research and Development Institute for Agriculture Nafoods, 162A Nguyen Tuan Street, Thanh Xuan Trung Ward, Thanh Xuan District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Jung Woo-Jin ,   Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu District, Gwangju City, Republic of Korea
Published: March 2024

In the present study, we investigated the antifungal activity of a methanolic extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensisFisch. root, which inhibited the growth of the plant pathogens Fusarium oxysporum and Phytophthora capsici. The EC50 values of the G. uralensis Fisch. extract three, six, and nine days after treatment were 113.4, 150.6, and 191.4 μg/ml for F. oxysporum and 84.7, 148.6, and 190.1 μg/ml for P. capsici, respectively, and the antifungal activity exhibited a dose-dependent response. The MIC value of G. uralensis Fisch. extract was found to be 100, 200, and 400 μg/ml at three, six, and nine days after treatment for F. oxysporum. In contrast, for P. capsici, the MIC value was 50, 100, and 100 μg/ml at three, six, and nine days after treatment. After three days of incubation with 400 μg/ml G. uralensis Fisch. extract, the hyphae of F. oxysporum exhibited abnormalities and atrophy, leading to mycelial collapse. In contrast, the hyphae of P. capsici displayed swelling with increased branching. These results furnish valuable insights into the antifungal metabolites present in G. uralensis Fisch. extract, contributing to the development of environmentally friendly products aimed at controlling the growth of pathogenic fungi.
Development of direct C-3 difluoromethylation reaction for application in synthesis of quinoline-related drugs
Authors:   Faculty of Pharmacy, Phenikaa University, Yen Nghia Ward, Ha Dong District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Truong Thanh Tung ,   Phenikaa Institute for Advanced Study (PIAS), Phenikaa University, Yen Nghia Ward, Ha Dong District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nielsen John ,   University of Copenhagen,Norregade 10, 1172 Kobenhavn, Denmark
Published: March 2024

Fluorine holds a prominent position within the realm of drug discovery and development, substantiated by its presence in approximately 25% of drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Consequently, the advancement of new fluorination reactions stands as a pivotal area in medicinal chemistry. In particular, the monofluoro-, difluoromethyl-, and trifluoromethyl- are three groups that appear most frequently in drug structure. Quinoline, owing to its privileged structural status, plays a crucial role in drug design and synthesis. Various approaches have been documented for the direct difluoromethylation of the C-2 and C-4 positions of the quinoline ring. However, achieving direct C-3 difluoromethylation has remained an elusive objective. In this study, we introduce a novel method for effecting the direct difluoromethylation at the C-3 position of the quinoline ring.Comprehensive characterizations, including 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and 19F-NMR for all compounds are performed. We believe that this novel method will open a new way to access the hitherto untapped C-3-difluoromethylation active compounds.
ANALYSIS OF MARITIME TRANSPORT ACTIVITIES OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF ENSURING GLOBAL SECURITY
Authors: PAVLOVA I.Y.
Published: March 2024

Topicality. russia's aggression against Ukraine was the main factor behind the food crisis and the increase in food prices at the international level. Acceptable logistics routes were blocked. Domestic water transport, rail transport and road transportation of goods were not able to export enough crops to ensure global food security. All these pressing issues in the field of maritime transport in Ukraine prompt us to investigate the nature of the problem.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to analyze the activities of Ukraine's maritime transport based on national and global security.Materials and methods. The study was based on the results of scientific works of leading scientists in the field of maritime transport development and ensuring national, economic and food security. In writing the article, the methods of synthesis, theoretical generalization, empirical and analytical models of scientific research were applied.Research results. The study analyzes the activities of the ports of Great Odesa under the Grain Agreement (for the year of the agreement's existence). A significant impact on the disruption of the systematic operation of the grain corridor is caused by the russian federation, which led to a complete blockade of the Pivdennyi port and significant damage to port infrastructure, grain terminals and elevators in Odesa and Odesa region. The ports of Great Odesa exported 32.8 million tons of agricultural food products. In total, 1006 vessels left the ports of Great Odesa. The most active exporting countries are: China (8.0 million tons), Spain (6.0 million tons), Turkey (3.2 million tons), Italy (2.1 million tons), the Netherlands (2.0 million tons), Egypt (1.6 million tons) and Bangladesh (1.1 million tons).Conclusion. The analysis shows that for the further smooth functioning of the Black Sea Initiative, it is necessary to involve more influential international organizations in its regulation; to improve the institutional and economic system of maritime transport and introduce mechanisms that will encourage it to compete at the international level; to optimize the logistics supply chains of cargoes, to improve the multimodal approach to the functioning of the transport system of cargo transportation.
The Strategy of the Head of Madrasah in Shaping the Quality of Student Tahfidz
Authors: Faridah Ai , Asy’ari Hasyim
Published: March 2024

. This study uses qualitative research with a case study approach. The object of this research was carried out at MA Plus Al Hikam Sumedang. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. Sources of data in this study included the head of the Madrasah, the coordinator of the tahfidz field, the teacher's council, and one of the students. The analytical techniques used in this study are data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The triangulation used to test the validity of the data is technique and source triangulation. The results of the study revealed the findings that (1) the strategy of the head of the madrasa in shaping the quality of tahfidz students at MA Plus Al Hikam Sumedang designed the tahfidz program to become local content learning, students participated in the tahfidzul Qur'an program to make educational institutions Islamic, superior and ideal, determining target memorization and schedule of tahfidz al-qur'an activities for students. In addition, implementing the tahfidz al-Qur'an program uses a target system of one page in one deposit by memorizing at least five juz for one year. Students use the talaqiq method in memorizing the Qur'an, and students memorize five juz as an obligation in carrying out the Kubro exam. (2) The results of evaluating the quality of tahfidz for MA Plus Al-Hikam students can maintain public trust in madrasas, as one of the leading activity programs in each of these madrasas and students are always able to read and memorize the Qur'an properly and correctly under the rules of reading the Koran, and can make the Koran as a guide in his life.
CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS ON RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY
Authors: Rustamian Satienik T. , Katerenchuk Ivan P. , Ovcharenko Liudmyla K. , Tsyganenko Iryna V. , Talash Viktoriia V.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. A progressive decrease in the rate of glomerular filtration is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular complications, as well as a marker of an unfavorable prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular complications arising against the background of end-stage renal failure are the main cause of mortality in patients undergoing renal replacement therapy.
The aim of the study was to determine the features and prevalence of cardiovascular complications in patients undergoing renal replacement therapy.
Materials and methods. A retrospective study was conducted of 114 medical records of nephrology patients who were treated in the center of nephrology and dialysis of Poltava Regional Clinical Hospital n.a. M.V. Sklifosovsky. Patients were divided into three groups: two experimental and one control group. The first experimental group consisted of 44 (38.6%) patients who were on RRT by the method of programmed hemodialysis. The second experimental group consisted of 21 (18.4%) patients who were also undergoing RRT, but by the method of peritoneal dialysis. The control group consisted of 49 (43.0%) patients with CKD stages I-II. Analysis of laboratory data of traditional risk factors for cardiovascular complications (lipidogram), as well as non-traditional ones (level of calcium and phosphorus) was carried out. The frequency of cardiovascular complications in patients on renal replacement therapy was studied.
Results. A statistically significant difference was found between the indicators of the atherogenicity index in the groups GD1 with CG1 (р=0.001) and GD2 with CG2 (р=0.031), PD1 and CG1 (р=0.005) and PD2 with CG2 (р=0.027). When analyzing the correlations between indicators of mineral metabolism in the experimental and control groups, it was found that weak and medium inverse correlations were observed in the experimental groups (GD1: -0.4703, GD2: -0.3219, PD1: -0,2146, PD2: -0.2784, respectively), while in the control groups a direct weak correlation was found (CG1 0.1975, CG2 0.2031, respectively). Chronic heart failure was detected in 75.0% of patients in the GD1 group, in 66.6% – in GD2, and in 100.0% of PD1 and PD2 patients. Valve calcification was observed in 35.0%, 29.1%, 33.3%, and 20.0%, respectively.
Conclusions. Studying the features of cardiovascular complications, control of risk factors, which in any case occur in patients on dialysis therapy, is one of the main directions of controlling the underlying disease, reducing the risk of dangerous cardiovascular complications, prolonging life expectancy and its quality.
PATIENTS WITH HEMIPARESIS AND MYOFASCIAL PAIN SYNDROME DURING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PHYSICAL REHABILITATION PROGRAM
Authors: Kravec Andrii S. , Yashchуshуn Zinoviiy M. , Horoshko Viktoriia I.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Hemorrhagic stroke causes significant deviations in the psycho-emotional, moral-volitional and social spheres. Kinesiotherapy is a new effective method used in rehabilitation and physical therapy programs for post-stroke patients with myofascial pain syndrome. This publication presents the results of the study of the quality of life of post-stroke patients before and at different times after complex kinesiotherapy, as well as the characteristics of the answers related to the quality of life after the program of combined rehabilitation and physical therapy are given.
The aim of the study is to substantiate the inclusion of kinesiotherapy in the basic rehabilitation and physical therapy programs for post-stroke patients with myofascial pain syndrome.
Materials and methods. The study included 105 patients aged 57 to 64 with a verified diagnosis of hemorrhagic stroke complicated by myofascial pain syndrome." The SF-36 general questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life.
Results. It was established that indicators of the quality of life of post-stroke patients before implementation programs of rehabilitation and physical therapy are significantly reduced on most scales of physical, mental and social functioning; the quality of life profile of patients is characterized by compression and deformation. Conducting kinesiotherapy with acupuncture is accompanied by a marked improvement in quality of life indicators of post-stroke patients with myofascial pain syndrome. Responses related to the quality of life, in the form of improvement or stabilization, were registered in the majority of post-stroke patients with myofascial pain syndrome after complex kinesiotherapy – in 96% of patients after a combined program of rehabilitation and physical therapy and in 87% of patients after kinesiotherapy.
Conclusions. The profile of the quality of life of patients with hemiparesis indicates its compression and deformation, which is caused by a significant decrease in indicators that characterize the physical, mental and social scales of functioning. Long-term monitoring of such patients after the implementation of the author's physical rehabilitation program indicates a stabilization of the quality of life, which is manifested by a pronounced improvement in the profile of 96% of post-stroke patients with myofascial pain syndrome after complex and in 87% of patients in combination with acupuncture.
Study of the influence of robotic gripper parameters on apple fruit damage
Authors: Pupin D. S. , Khort D. O.
Published: March 2024

The article discusses the design of a robotic device intended for effective apple fruit harvesting with minimum damage. The research was conducted in the Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM from 2020 to 2023. The developed device is equipped with specialized mechanisms and sensors designed to reduce the negative eff ects on apples during harvesting.

   The study aims to justify the parameters of the robotic device for apple fruit picking and to conduct laboratory experimental studies of the grip strength eff ect on fruit damage during robotic fruit harvesting.

   A classification of gripping devices was developed based on the analysis of their design parameters and types. A concentric three-fingered gripper tool with rotating and sliding elements added to the gripping device was selected as the prototype device. As a result of studying the size and weight parameters of apples of the ‘Jonathan’ and ‘Granny Smith’ cultivars, data were obtained that enable one to describe the characteristics of these fruits more fully. Th e grapho-analytical method was employed to select the optimal geometric parameters of the gripper claws. We designed a robotic gripper which has several components, including gripper claws and a movable base. A laboratory setup was developed to simulate the operation of the manipulator and conduct experiments. Th e setup makes it possible to create conditions close to the actual manipulator operation and study the processes of grasping and holding fruits. The three-factor experiment allowed us to analyze the impact of the grip strength of the gripper claws, as well as the distance from the fruit to the gripper on the damage to fruits. It has been determined that these parameters have a signifi cant eff ect on the process of grasping and holding fruits. Entirely optimal values of these parameters contribute to reliable holding of a fruit in the gripper claws with minimal damage. As a result of analyzing the size-mass parameters of fruits, we found the average size and weight of apples of the Jonathan and Granny Smith cultivars. Th e design parameters of the robotic device were justifi ed. A 3D robotic gripper model was developed. We also manufactured an experimental robotic gripper model which underwent laboratory tests. As a result, the parameters of the grip strength and the distance from the fruit to the gripper were identified.
Application of Compatible Graph and Webster Methods for Traffic Light Arrangement in Jepara
Authors: Asih Tri Sri Noor , Hidayati Siti Nur , Mulyono Mulyono , Rosyida Isnaini
Published: March 2024

The problem of congestion has become a common problem that is often found on the highways, especially at the crossroads, without exception in Jepara Regency. The Mayong-Jepara Highway intersection is classified as a busy intersection that is full of vehicles during every departure and return hours, which are dominated by factory employees. Congestion often occurs at these intersections even though there are traffic lights that regulate the movement of vehicles. So, This study aims to find the solutions to congestion problems at Mayong-Jepara Highway intersection through compatible graph modeling and optimizing traffic light cycle time using the Webster method. Compatible graphs are used to determine traffic flows that are worked to move simultaneously without causing collisions, and that are used to carry out the graph weighting to determine the number of phases. The variables used in this applied research are the data on the number of vehicles, road width, and traffic light duration that taken directly in the field. Because the traffic density in the morning and afternoon is different for each intersection arm. Thus, the cycle time is determined in 2 sessions namely the morning and the afternoon. From the modeling of the compatible graph that has been weighted, it is obtained that the morning and afternoon sessions have 3 phases as the total which are then used to determine the traffic light cycle time. As a result, the cycle times for the morning session are 98 seconds, and the afternoon session is 155 seconds. The results were then simulated with PTV Vissim software and assessed to be quite effective in dealing with congestion and heavy traffic at the Mayong-Jepara Highway intersection especially in the afternoon session.
Drug-Drug Interactions Pharmacokinetic Models with Extravascular Administration: Estimation of Elimination and Absorption Rate Constants
Authors: Zulkarnaen Diny , Irfani Muhammad Syifa , Erianto Elvi Syukrina
Published: March 2024

One and two-compartment pharmacokinetic models with drug-drug interactions are proposed. Two drugs are given orally simultaneously, so that their interaction affects the drug absorption process and subsequently the elimination process. The aim of this paper is to estimate the elimination and absorption rate constants by evaluating the data set of time and drug concentration. This data set was divided into two time phases: large-time elimination phase to estimate the elimination rate constant, and small-time absorption phase to estimate the absorption rate constant. Since the models are nonlinear, the Taylor expansion is employed to so that the Wagner-Nelson and the Loo-Riegelman methods can be used for estimation. Finally, simulations were performed using the generated arbitrary data set of time and concentration, instead of an actual data set, to derive the solution of drug concentration concerning time numerically. In these simulations we compared the original parameter values with their estimates for the one and two-compartment models, and we concluded that the two-compartment model produced better estimates than the one-compartment model. Qualitatively, the two-compartment model gives smaller drug concentration curve deviations between the original and the estimated curve compared with the one-compartment model.
The Application of Frieze Groups and Crystallographic Groups in Generating Batak Toba Ornament Motifs Using a Matlab Graphical User Interface
Authors: Sinaga Marlina , Kartika Dinda
Published: March 2024

Gorga is a carving or sculpture typically found on the exterior of a Toba Batak traditional house. The Batak people use fractal (geometric) dimensions in Batak gorga carvings. In mathematics, repetitive and symmetrical patterns in planes that result from transformations are included in the plane symmetry groups. Ethnomathematics is a cultural approach to the concept of mathematics. A frieze group can be defined as a symmetrical group which arises from a unidirectional translation and subsequently generates a linear pattern that recurs exclusively in a single direction. There are seven different pattern types in the frieze groups. Meanwhile, crystallographic patterns are flat two-dimensional patterns that form a lattice. There are 17 crystallographic types of patterns with five different types of unit lattices. The purpose of this study is to generate motifs for Batak ornaments based on frieze groups and crystallographic groups using a Matlab Graphical User Interface (GUI). A total of 119 new motifs were generated based on seven types of patterns in the frieze groups, namely, F1,F2,F3,F4,F5,F6, and F7. Meanwhile, in the crystallographic groups, 153 new motifs were generated based on nine types of patterns, namely, p1,p2,pm,pg,cm,pmg,pmm,cmm, and pgg. To keep with trends, the new motifs generated can be used in everyday life as decorations or business symbols that are characteristic of the Toba Batak region.
Exploring the Characteristics of Digital Pedagogy Model for Developing Computational Thinking in Mathematical Problem Solving
Authors: Anwar Vita Nova , Darhim Darhim , Suhendra Suhendra , Nurlaelah Elah
Published: March 2024

Challenges in the 21st century are increasingly complex, technology is developing rapidly and competition is getting tougher. Therefore we need quality human resources that can keep up with and anticipate the times. The use of technology involves computational thinking (CT) skills which are closely related to the problem-solving process. The stages in computational thinking are part of mathematical thinking, meaning that learning mathematics can support students' CT skills. Through the development of digital pedagogical models in CT integrated mathematics learning, it can improve problem-solving skills. This research uses  design based implementation research with 4 phases including; preliminary research, prototyping, results, and design principle. The participants were 28 grade 8 junior high school students who took part in two rounds of experiment in direct CT activities and digital CT activities. In this paper, we present an iterative mathematical problem-solving process in the digital pedagogy model. The computational task, environment, tool and practices were iteratively improved over two rounds to incorporate CT effectively in mathematics. The results from CT environment demonstrated that direct CT activities are more effective than digital CT activities in mathematical problem-solving.  Based on empirical research, we summarize the characteristic of the digital pedagogy model from computational tasks, computational environment and tools, and computational practices in mathematical problem solving.
Mental Comparison of Students Learning Abacus-Arithmetic and Not Learning Abacus-Arithmetic on Mathematics Material
Authors: Judijanto Loso , Lumbantoruan Jitu Halomoan
Published: March 2024

Students' mental mastery in elementary school mathematics lessons in Indonesia is weak, slow, inaccurate, and declining. Mastery problems among elementary school students who have studied mental abacus arithmetic were found to be low. This is an urgent matter to research because there is a gap between theory, expectations, and reality. The purpose of this research was to compare the ability to solve mathematical problems between students who studied abacus mental arithmetic and students who did not study abacus mental arithmetic. This research involved 70 students. Data collection techniques using instruments, the instruments used were the first-semester mathematics exam and mental arithmetic exam. Data analysis techniques using SPSS Version 25.0 statistics, namely the t-test, were used to compare the ability to solve mathematical problems between students who studied mental abacus-arithmetic and students who did not study mental abacus-arithmetic. Pearson correlation was used to determine the relationship between students' mental arithmetic learning achievement and their ability to solve mathematical problems. The results of the research showed that there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in learning achievement on symbolic mathematics questions and mental arithmetic achievement between students who studied mental abacus calculation and students who did not study mental abacus calculation. The minimum score of the group that studied mental abacus calculation was higher compared to the group that did not study mental abacus calculation. However, there was no significant difference (p<0.05) in mathematics learning achievement between students who studied mental abacus-arithmetic and students who did not study mental abacus-arithmetic.
TALENT ATTRACTION, TALENT RETENTION, AND TALENT MANAGEMENT AS A MEDIATING ON ORGANIZATION PERFORMANCE
Authors: Sembiring Edward , Damayanti Nur
Published: March 2024

Abstract- An effective human resource management system is related to people, policies, and systems that affect the workforce. An organization consists of labor, money, materials, and machines. When an organization prepares to compete globally, it must have skilled workers that strengthen their intelligence to develop the market and apply the best organizational learning practices. Human resource quantity and quality are directly proportional to organizational performance and productivity. One of the most difficult challenges in management is developing and retaining a workforce that contributes to organizational performance. This study investigates the impact of human resource management on talent attraction, talent management, and talent management on organizational performance in large-scale and coal maining companies. This study uses SPSS 2.6 version to analyze 119 respondents. Results of this study are talent attraction significantly impacts talent management, talent retention significantly influence talent management. Talent attraction significantly affects organizational performance, talent retention did not influence employee performance. Talent management has a significant influence on employee performance. Talent attraction has a significant impact on organizational performance mediated by talent management and talent management variable as a mediating variable helps talent retention by providing an indirect effect on organizational performance.. The limitations of this study are cross-sectional empirical studies and the variables in this study are measured based on the responses of top and middle management staff only.   The research findings suggest that further research should examine other fields related to human resources, especially focusing on the influence of talent retention on organizational performance and talent attraction on organizational performance through talent management as a mediating variable with different dimensions and elements.

Keywords: Mining Industry; Talent Attraction; Talent Retention; Talent Management; Organizational Performance
Spirituality for Social Isolation in a Patient with Cognitive Impairment: A Case Report
Authors: Padala Akshay P. , Ramakrishnan Parameshwaran , Crawford Christina G.
Published: March 2024

Background:

Social isolation is very common and has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective:

To study if spiritual reconnection as part of a multi-component intervention can reduce social isolation in older adults with cognitive impairment.

Methods:

A longitudinal case study framework was used. A 68-year-old female with mild cognitive impairment presented with social isolation exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. She participated in a telephone-based psychosocial intervention program called Connection Plans for 8 weeks. Motivational interviewing techniques were used to encourage the patient to pick goals to improve the mind, body, and connections. In her connections goal, the patient expressed a desire to make spiritual reconnection. Connecting back to her spirituality was one of the key interventions in this patient. Social isolation, resilience, self-efficacy, and cognition were assessed using standardized rating scales before and after the intervention.

Results:

The patient was able to identify goals to enhance connections and physical and mental well-being. She successfully reconnected with her spirituality while maintaining COVID prevention measures. At an 8-week follow-up, compared to the baseline visit there was an improvement in measures of social isolation (22/30 to 14/30, a 36% reduction), resilience (12/20 to 20/20, a 67% improvement), and confidence (4/20 to 16/20, a 300% improvement). No improvement was noted in cognition.

Conclusions:

Spiritual reconnection as part of a multi-component intervention may protect against social isolation in older adults with cognitive impairment. Caution must be exercised in reaching this conclusion as this is a report of a single patient. Systematic studies are needed.
Associations of Serum Liver Function with Cerebral Blood Flow in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Wang Hao , Shi Lin , Luo Shimei , Luo Yishan , Xu Chunyan , Qiu Guozhen , Guo Qiwen , Chen Chunchun , Lu Taikun , Liu Kangding , Zhu Feiqi
Published: March 2024

Background:

Increasing evidence suggests that both amyloid-β metabolism disorders in the liver and cerebral hypoperfusion play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the relevance of liver function alterations to cerebral blood flow (CBF) of patients with AD remains unclear.

Objective:

We aimed to investigate the associations between liver function changes and CBF of patients with AD.

Methods:

We recruited 17 patients with sporadic AD. In addition to physical and neurological examinations, detection of AD biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and CBF assessment by arterial spin labeling sequence of magnetic resonance image scans as well as measure of liver function markers in serum by routine laboratory testing were conducted. Neuropsychological tests were evaluated, including Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Linear and rank correlations were performed to test the associations of liver function alterations with regional CBF of AD.

Results:

We found that liver function markers, especially total protein, the ratio of albumin to globin, globin, alkaline phosphatase, and aspartate aminotransferase were significantly associated with regional CBF of AD patients.

Conclusions:

These findings demonstrated significant associations between perfusion in certain brain regions of AD and alterations of liver function markers, particularly proteins and liver enzymes, which might provide implications to the pathogenesis and treatment of AD.
Curve Walking Reveals More Gait Impairments in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment than Straight Walking: A Kinect Camera-Based Study
Authors: Seifallahi Mahmoud , Galvin James E. , Ghoraani Behnaz
Published: March 2024

Background:

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can be an early sign of Alzheimer’s disease and other types of dementia detectable through gait analysis. Curve walking, which demands greater cognitive and motor skills, may be more sensitive in MCI detection than straight walking. However, few studies have compared gait performance in older adults with and without MCI in these conditions.

Objective:

To compare the capability of curve and straight walking tests for the detection of MCI among older adults.

Methods:

We employed a Kinect v.2 camera to record the gait of 55 older adults (30 healthy controls, 25 with MCI) during single-task straight and curve walking tests. We examined 50 gait markers and conducted statistical analyses to compare groups and conditions. The trail was approved with protocol No. IR.SEMUMS.REC.1398.237 by the ethics committee of Semnan University of Medical Sciences in Iran.

Results:

Older adults with MCI exhibited more compromised gait performance, particularly during curve walking. Curve walking outperformed straight walking in MCI detection, with several gait markers showing significant differences between healthy controls and MCI patients. These markers encompass average velocity, cadence, temporal markers (e.g., gait cycle subphase durations), spatial markers (e.g., foot position changes during gait subphases), and spatiotemporal markers (e.g., step and stride velocities).

Conclusions:

Our study suggests curve walking as a more informative and challenging test for MCI detection among older adults, facilitating early diagnosis using non-invasive, cost-effective tools like the Kinect v.2 camera, complementing cognitive assessments in early diagnosis, and tracking MCI progression to dementia.
Gallic Acid Alleviates Cognitive Impairment by Promoting Neurogenesis via the GSK3β-Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in an APP/PS1 Mouse Model
Authors: Ding Yu , He Jinrong , Kong Fanli , Sun Dongsheng , Chen Weiqun , Luo Bo , Wu Jia , Zhang Shaoying , Zhan Peiyan , Peng Caixia
Published: March 2024

Background:

Neuronal loss occurs early and is recognized as a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Promoting neurogenesis is an effective treatment strategy for neurodegenerative diseases. Traditional Chinese herbal medicines serve as a rich pharmaceutical source for modulating hippocampal neurogenesis.

Objective:

Gallic acid (GA), a phenolic acid extracted from herbs, possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Therefore, we aimed to explore whether GA can promote neurogenesis and alleviate AD symptoms.

Methods:

Memory in mice was assessed using the Morris water maze, and protein levels were examined via western blotting and immunohistochemistry. GA’s binding site in the promoter region of transcription regulator nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was calculated using AutoDock Vina and confirmed by a dual luciferase reporter assay.

Results:

We found that GA improved spatial memory by promoting neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus zone. It also improved synaptic plasticity, reduced tau phosphorylation and amyloid-β concentration, and increased levels of synaptic proteins in APP/PS1 mice. Furthermore, GA inhibited the activity of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β). Bioinformatics tools revealed that GA interacts with several amino acid sites on GSK-3β. Overexpression of GSK-3β was observed to block the protective effects of GA against AD-like symptoms, while GA promoted neurogenesis via the GSK-3β-Nrf2 signaling pathway in APP/PS1 mice.

Conclusions:

Based on our collective findings, we hypothesize that GA is a potential pharmaceutical agent for alleviating the pathological symptoms of AD.
Design and harmonic analysis of single winding bearingless PM synchronous motor with high winding coefficient
Authors: Wang Huimin , Guan Peijun , Xu Jiacheng , Guo Liyan
Published: March 2024

Compared with double-winding bearingless permanent magnet synchronous motor, single-winding bearingless permanent magnet synchronous motor (SBPMSM) has the advantages of low copper loss and low failure rate. However, if the slot-pole combination of SBPMSM is not reasonably selected, the winding coefficient will be reduced, and even many advantages of the single-winding structure will be offset. In this paper, a single-winding design method based on magnetomotive force (MMF) star diagram is proposed, which can ensure high winding coefficient. The design process of the proposed single winding structure is introduced. This method can match the appropriate number of stator slots according to the number of rotor poles, and the winding phase separation design can be realized by reversing the slot number transposition. The mathematical models of the suspension force and torque of the bearingless permanent magnet synchronous motor are derived considering the magnetic field harmonics, and the 6-slot/2-pole SBPMSM and 18-slot/8-pole SBPMSM are taken as examples to analyze the magnetic field. The finite element simulation models of 6-slot/2-pole SBPMSM and 18-slot/8-pole SBPMSM are built and analyzed. Through the analysis of electromagnetic torque, suspension force and air-gap magnetic field under different magnetic fields, the general rules of main torque fluctuation and suspension force fluctuation are summarized.
Non-immersive virtual reality based treatment for children with unilateral cerebral palsy: Preliminary results
Authors: Meriggi Paolo , Mandalà Martina , Randazzo Mattia , Brazzoli Elena , Castagna Anna , Di Giusto Valentina , Cavallini Anna , Marzegan Alberto , Lencioni Tiziana , Olivieri Ivana
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE: Unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP) represents about 30–40% of overall cerebral palsy diagnoses. Upper limb impairment has a significant negative impact on activities of daily living (ADL), and recent studies have shown that the use of virtual reality (VR) can increase motivation and promote an improvement in ADL. This preliminary study was aimed at exploring the acceptability and usability of a VR rehabilitation treatment, using the VITAMIN Platform, for children with UCP. A secondary goal of the study was to compare the results of usual standardized clinical scales and questionnaires with kinematic results as well as with the quantitative measures acquired by the VITAMIN platform in each exercise of the rehabilitation sessions. METHODS: Six children with UCP (aged 7–15) were recruited for a preliminary investigation in using a non-immersive VR system. The treatment was composed of 10 weekly sessions of 45 minutes. Each child played five types of exergames, using the impaired upper limb to hit virtual objects projected on a wide screen. Standardized clinical scales, kinematic analysis, and questionnaires were used to extensively assess upper limb function before and at the end of treatment. Five typically-developing children provided a reference for the instrumented kinematic assessment. RESULTS: At the end of the treatment, Melbourne Assessment 2 (MA2) scores increased for all the participants (mean increase in range of movement (ROM) + 19.1%, accuracy + 4.6%, dexterity + 13.1%, fluency + 10.3%). Shoulder flexion-extension ROM also improved (mean increase + 10.5°), and according to the kinematic analysis, shoulder movements became more similar to reference profiles. These results were confirmed by a general improvement in performing ADL, assessed by the ABILHAND-Kids questionnaire. Finally, a general agreement among the different measures and indexes emerged from the acquired data. CONCLUSION: The results show that VR treatment with the VITAMIN platform could be engaging and functional for rehabilitation of children with UCP. The good agreement among the qualitative and quantitative measures and indexes confirms the potential of such novel treatment. However, due to the limited sample size and small number of sessions, further and larger investigations are required to evaluate the effectiveness and to generalize the results.