bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The derivative connecting problems for some classical polynomials
Authors: Ramskyi A. , Samaruk N. , Poplavska O.
Published: February 2020

Given two polynomial sets $\{ P_n(x) \}_{n\geq 0},$ and $\{ Q_n(x) \}_{n\geq 0}$ such that $$\deg ( P_n(x) ) =n, \deg ( Q_n(x) )=n.$$ The so-called the connecting problem between them asks to find the coefficients $\alpha_{n,k}$ in the expression $\displaystyle Q_n(x) =\sum_{k=0}^{n} \alpha_{n,k} P_k(x).$ Let $\{ S_n(x) \}_{n\geq 0}$ be another polynomial set with $\deg ( S_n(x) )=n.$ The general connection problem between them consists in finding the coefficients $\alpha^{(n)}_{i,j}$ in the expansion $$Q_n(x) =\sum_{i,j=0}^{n} \alpha^{(n)}_{i,j} P_i(x) S_{j}(x).$$ The connection problem for different types of polynomials has a long history, and it is still of interest. The connection coefficients play an important role in many problems in pure and applied mathematics, especially in combinatorics, mathematical physics and quantum chemical applications. For the particular case $Q_n(x)=P'_{n+1}(x)$ the connection problem is called the derivative connecting problem and the general derivative connecting problem associated to $\{ P_n(x) \}_{n\geq 0}.$

In this paper, we give a closed-form expression of the derivative connecting problems for well-known systems of polynomials.
“Reviving Twentieth-century Medical Legacy – The Case of Banarasi Dass Women’s Hospital, Sadar Bazaar, Ambala Cantonment, India”
Authors: Sunanda Kapoor  , Eva Prasher
Published: February 2020

One of the notable advancements of late 19th-early 20th century British India was the introduction of ‘western-style’ medical care for women. Located within confines of the colonial or princely enclaves, a number of women’s hospitals, staffed with trained British female doctors, were established under the Dufferin Fund. But the benefits of medicalised childbirth did not extend to commonplace Indian women. At this point of time, history was also made by certain philanthropic and nationalist individuals who made some pioneering efforts to extend benefits of medicalised childbirth to the vast neglected body of commonplace Indian women.The 48-bedded Banarsi Dass Hospital for Women, built in 1922 within the dense urban fabric of Ambala Cantonment, is one of the earliest of such pioneering structures. The architectural value of the building as seen in its ingenious spatial organization was devised to ensure generous access to sun and air, ensured thermal comfort in all seasons, a construction system representative of the era, and various ornamental elements that proclaim its ‘monumental’ status adds to its unique historic significance. Though the building is still in a good physical and structural condition, the advancement in medical world has rendered its infrastructure obsolete.In the present scenario, we tend to lose a significant landmark of 20th century development in India. This paper presents an analysis of the historic, societal and architectural value of the property, the reasons for its disuse and the design interventions proposed to restore the original societal and architectural status of this majestic historic building.
VĀSTU- ŚĀSTRA–a Sustainable Design Methodology
Authors: R. Jagannathan
Published: February 2020

The vedic Indian ancestors of ours not only used planning and architecture as a knowledge system to define living spaces, but also created it as a micro representation of the larger cosmos.The designing process incorporated the synergy of human system with the subtle impacts of the environment. This planning and design methodology popularly known as VāstuŚāstra, is a holistic approach to developing an integrated space.Towards achieving this concept, the ancients developed the technique of settlement planning and architectural design. The Śāstra defines the role of a planner / architect as that of ‘Sakṣhi’ – that is, a witness, for the marriage between the site and its owner. It is so said because; the planner / architect have to achieve a harmonious relationship between the site and its owner through the process of ‘architectural design’, at the physical level, mental level (mind) and the psychic level. At the physical level, this is achieved through the right usage of scale. At the mental level, this harmony is achieved by working the right proportion using the Vāstu-Puruṣa Maṇḍala, and at the psychic level, this is achieved by balancing the body energies along with the earth energy grids.
A STUDY ON THE WORK TIME STRUCTURE WHEN SOWING WITH VARIOUS AGGREGATES
Authors: Tihanov Galin
Published: February 2020

One of the factors that influence the working time structure in sowing crops with different aggregates is the utilization of working time. The study dealt with two seed drills for precise and two seed drills for fused sowing. The shift time utilization coefficient in the types of seed drills was determined, which is within the admissible limit: the SZU-3,6 τ=0.86; for the Horsch Pronto 6 DC τ=0.88 for Gaspardo SP-8 τ=0.92 and for the Kurt PM-8 seed driller τ=0.85. It has been established that the field length, its shape and the method of loading the seed drills have an impact on the working time structure when sowing crops with different aggregates. It has been established that in order to exploit the technical capabilities of the sowing aggregate and to achieve higher productivity and good economic performance of the sowing technological operation, the field length of the cultivated area under 600 m is economically inexpedient.
COMPARISON OF MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR THE USE OF ENROFLOXACIN IN DOGS
Authors: Vasilev Miroslav , Shivacheva Galya
Published: February 2020

This article analyzes the process of changing the concentration of enrofloxacin in blood plasma in dogs after a single intravenous injection of the substance. Three mathematical models are proposed - algebraic and two models, based on a differential equation of first and second order. Identification of their parameters has been performed. Based on Akaike information criterion corrected as the best model was chosen the represented by a second-order differential equation. Three equations are identified and the exact numerical values of their parameters are obtained. For the evaluation and comparison of the three models, Akaike information criterion was used. The best results showed the second-order differential model. It will be used in future developments.
YOGHURT ANALYSIS WITH ADDITION OF HONEY AND BEE POLLEN BY ULTRASONIC CHARACTERISTICS DURING STORAGE
Authors: Pavlova Tatjana , Valentinova Teodora
Published: February 2020

In the article an analysis of yoghurt with the addition of the bio-active substances bee honey and bee pollen was made. The possibilities for predicting the active acidity of the dairy product by amplitude of ultrasonic signal during storage have been explored. An experimental setup consisting of an ultrasound system, an oscilloscope and a personal computer with ultrasound processing software has been used. The results obtained show that ultrasound characteristics are a suitable tool for yoghurt storage analysis. They implement HACCP recommendations for the use of non-contact measurement methods because they meet the requirement of hygienic measurement standards as they do not affect the structure and composition of yogurt when measured.
QUALITY EVALUATION OF COOKIES PRODUCED FROM WHEAT AND BARLEY FLOUR
Authors: Nakov Gjore
Published: February 2020

Functional foods are foods enriched with nutritional supplements that have a positive effect on the physiological state of the human body. Cookies belong to the group of confectionery products and are more precisely dried confectionery products, characterized by an appealing appearance, pleasant aroma and taste. Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is an important cereal grain. Barley flour has a moderate flavour, light walnut taste and contains a large amount of thiamine (vitamin B1) and phosphorus. The aim of this study is to investigate physical properties of cookies with different amounts of barley flour (30, 50, 70 and 100%). The results showed, that by increasing the amount of added barley flour to the recipe content, baking loss, width and thickness of cookies increase as well.
CONTENT ANALYSIS OF FACULTY WEB SITES
Authors: Iskrenovic-Momcilovic Olivera
Published: February 2020

The content published on faculty web pages is an important source of information about the work of the faculty, which affects the performance of all student activities. It is therefore important to know what information is relevant to the student, as well as to what extent the content is published on the web site of the faculty in accordance with the needs of the student. Starting from the above, the subject of research of this paper is the content of the web sites of faculties of the University of Novi Sad. The main aim of the research is to determine whether there is and to what extent a certain content is present on the faculty web pages, as well as on the basis of the conducted research to provide suggestions for the improvement of web information in higher education.
Investigating theattitudes of special educated physical education prospective teachers towards disabled people
Authors: Aykora Emrah , Uğraş Sinan
Published: February 2020

Purpose: It’s aimed in this study to investigate the attitudes of physical education prospective teachers who had special education lessons towards disabled ones. Material: The quantitative sample of the study consisted of 214 [n = 84 female, n = 130 male] physical education prospective teachers and the qualitative sample consisted of 19 physical education prospective teachers. Data collected with Findler, Vilchinsky and Werner (2007), “Multidimensional Attitude Scale for the Disabled” and which is adapted in Turkish according to Turkish culture by Yelpaze and Türküm (2018), and with a semi-structured interview form. Independent sample t test and one way anova were used in the analysis of quantitative data. Descriptive and content analysis used for qualitative data analysis. Results: There is no significant difference according to gender and being close to individuals with special needs. It is found that there is a difference between thoughts and behaviors according to the experiences of having special education and students with special needs. In the qualitative part of the research, the theme was “Inability to describe emotions”,“ Positive attitude”, “Feeling benefical” and “Insufficient attention”. Conclusions: It is clear from the study that having special education and experienced with special needed people effected thinking attitudes of prospective teachers. However, a decrease concluded about behavior attitudes then after having special education and experiences with disableds. Qualitative findings explain those results like content and extent of special education is not good enough.
Physical activity of the university's senior students
Authors: Kolokoltsev Mikhail M. , Jagiello Wladyslaw
Published: February 2020

Background and Study Aim. To prevent hypodynamics, to evaluate the volume and level of weekly physical activity of the university's senior students.
Material and methods. The study involved students (n = 244) aged 19-20 years (n = 157 - boys, n = 87 - girls). The students studied in the 4th year of the Technical University (Russia). The following parameters were investigated: physical activity (PA), the intensity of metabolic processes and motor skills. The volume of weekly physical activity was determined by a short form of the IPAQ-SF physical activity questionnaire. The level of physical activity intensity was determined by the formula of a metabolic equivalent of task (MET) (min/week). According to MET, students are divided into three groups: 1st group with a high level; 2nd group with average level; 3rd group with low level. The battery of motor tests used to evaluate students' physical preparedness.
Results. The total intensive and non-intensive weekly motor activity of boys was 6.2 hours (372 min). This confirms with the standard volume (6 hours) recommended by WHO. The total motor activity of the girls (intense and non-intense) was 4.5 hours (271.6 min) per week. More than a quarter of the surveyed boys had a high level of physical activity. About 62% of students had an average level and 12.7% had a low level. Among all surveyed girls 16.1% have a high level of physical activity, 41.4% had an average level and 42.5% had a low level. The results of boys with a low level of physical activity in all motor tests were lower than the results of boys with high and average levels of physical activity. The exception was the results of the Seated Forward Bend test (p <0.05). In 6 motor tests, the results of girls with a low level of physical activity were worse than the results of female students with a high level of weekly physical activity (p <0.05). There are no significant differences between the test results in girls with low and average levels of weekly physical activity. 
Conclusions. After completing the course on the subject "Elective Courses in Physical Culture and Sports", the physical activity of students remains high enough. 12.7% of boys and 42.5% of girls with low levels of physical activity and MET were identified among the surveyed student population. This allows aligning them into a group at risk of developing non-communicable diseases. To reduce the hypodynamics of junior courses students at risk, it should use individually directed pedagogical technologies of physical education. In presenting the theoretical section of the subject "Physical Culture" to the senior courses students it is necessary to strengthen their motivation for independent motor activity.
Atualidade da teologia da cultura de Paul Tillich
Authors: Higuet Etienne Alfred
Published: February 2020

A teologia de Tillich elaborou-se como um constante diálogo e confronto com os movimentos sociais, políticos, filosóficos, científicos e artísticos do século XX, no afinco de descobrir sua dimensão religiosa suprema, suas chances e seus desvios, suas exigências e seus apelos. Foi nessa intenção que Tillich construiu o “método de correlação” que o tornou famoso. É nesse sentido que toda a teologia dele pode ser qualificada de “teologia da cultura”. O breve trabalho que aqui propomos explicitará numa primeira parte os principais conceitos que estruturam a teologia da cultura de Tillich  : preocupação suprema, última ou incondicional; duplo conceito de religião; profanização e demonização; cultura e estilo; kairos e teonomia; princípio protestante. Apresentamos na segunda parte três aplicações, para ilustrar o projeto tillichiano de teologia da cultura: análise da cultura da sociedade industrial; análise religiosa do capitalismo e do socialismo; natureza, símbolo e sacramento.
Mulher e igreja: a teologia feminista em face católica
Authors: Filho Vicente Gregorio De Sousa , Miranda Conceição de Maria De Oliveira , Miranda Antonio Michel de Jesus de Oliveira , De Rodrigues Erika Barros
Published: February 2020

Neste trabalho se discute a Teologia Feminista, desvelando a participação da mulher na Bíblia, na Igreja e suas relações com a sociedade, a partir de uma perspectiva histórica e teológica. Procuramos nos enveredar pelo tocante à Igreja Católica, onde o feminismo, à luz da Teologia Feminista tem contribuído para uma maior visibilidade da mulher nesta ótica religiosa. Nossa pesquisa possui uma abordagem qualitativa de levantamento bibliográfico que incluiu as narrativas bíblicas, estudiosos da Teologia Feminista e alguns documentos oficiais da Igreja, nos fazendo refletir que as mulheres historicamente têm estabelecido uma íntima relação com o Divino, revelando-o e testemunhando-o em sua vida, mesmo que o ideário patriarcal as tenham tentado intimidar.
Notícias
Authors: Higuet Etienne Alfred
Published: February 2020

notícias
O símbolo Império em Paul Tillich e a ameaça autodestrutiva da sociedade angolana no romance “O cão e os caluandas” de Pepetela
Authors: Silva Natanael Gabriel da
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo procura problematizar a leitura que Pepetela faz sobre a sociedade angolana em “O cão e os caluandas”, a partir da Teologia da Cultura e as ambiguidades da vida, tendo como referencial o símbolo Império desenvolvido por Paul Tillich. O registro do símbolo Império no referido romance de Pepetela é um caminhar pelo cotidiano de Luanda, sob o regime de um Estado controlado por um partido único. Tal situação resulta, com enrijecimento institucional por meio da burocracia monolítica em corrupção, fragmentação, desumanização e ameaça à integração, manifestado na manipulação e distorção do socialismo, identificado como “esquemático” por Pepetela.  Sob a voz profética, o romancista narra a vida, as suas contradições, falta de sentido, descaminhos e sonhos recrudescidos por uma tentativa de antecipação política da vida idealizada, ou vida sem ambiguidade, antecipada e demônica, como aponta Tillich.
Introduction
Authors: Auffrey Christopher , Mehta Vikas
Published: February 2020

This issue of the Interdisciplinary Journal of Signage and Wayfinding (IJSW) provides a broad overview of the true interdisciplinary nature and breadth of the multiple and inter-related fields of inquiry involved in signage research. The articles in this issue also showcase the diverse research methods currently being used to explore some of the important questions related to efficiency, effectiveness, and aesthetics whose answers can serve to inform improved practice and policymaking related to signage and wayfinding specifically, and to visual communication more generally. What emerges from this seemingly eclectic collection of research is a surprising degree of overlap, pointing to the importance of a journal such as IJSW for informing specific areas of research related to signage and wayfinding, but also assisting researchers to access those findings emerging in allied fields.
The effect of electrodeposition time on CuCl anodes from waste copper etchant
Authors: Hou Hongying , Zhu Jing , Meng Kun , Wang Lei , Qiu Jinxu
Published: February 2020

As one common industrial waste liquid, waste copper (Cu) etchant can seriously pollute the environment if it is unreasonably managed. Herein, tetrahedron-like copper (I) chloride (CuCl) crystals were extracted from waste copper etchant by way of facile electrodeposition, and the effect of the electrodeposition time on the lithium (Li)-storage capacity of the copper (I) chloride crystal was further investigated. The results showed that the copper (I) chloride crystal had a regular tetrahedral morphology, and the density of the regular tetrahedral particles gradually increased with the extension of the electrodeposition time from 5 to 15, 20 and 25 s. Correspondingly, the reversible lithium-storage capacity of the copper (I) chloride anode experienced an initial increase and a subsequent decrease. In detail, when cycling at 2 C for 250 cycles, the reversible discharge capacity of the copper (I) chloride anode increased from 187·3 mAh/g at 5 s to 284·5 mAh/g at 15 s and then decreased to 191·9 mAh/g at 20 s and to 125·3 mAh/g at 25 s, indicating that 15 s may be the most optimal electrodeposition time. Excessive copper (I) chloride particles may result in poor performance due to the poor inherent conductivity of copper (I) chloride. Such efforts would alleviate environmental pollution and facilitate the circular economy of wastes.
Cami Tasvirli Yapılara Kütahya’dan Bir Örnek: Koca Seyfullah Camisi
Authors: TERCANLI Akin
Published: February 2020

18. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Topkapı Sarayı’nın duvarlarına daha önceleri Osmanlı resminde, yazmalarda ya da albümlerde görmeye alışık olduğumuz birtakım resimler çizilmeye başlanır. Çoğunlukla sanatçısı bilinmeyen bu resimlerde ana tema doğanın ya da bilinen bir mekânın tasviridir. Saraydaki ilk resimler, figürsüz manzara betimlemeleridir. I. Abdülhamid döneminde (1774-1789) ilk örnekleri görülen, kalem işi tekniğiyle Barok ya da Rokoko kartuşlar içinde yapılmış bu manzara resimlerine de “Duvar Resimleri” adı verilmektedir (Renda, 1977:9). 18. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Osmanlı resim sanatının bir türü olan duvar resimleri, saray dışında da ilgi görmeye başlar. Anadolu’da duvar resimli yapıların özellikle Ege bölgesinde yoğunlaştığı görülmektedir. Bu yapılar, genellikle dış cephelerinde herhangi bir süslemesi olmayan, ahşap destekli “Köy Camileri”dir. Bu çalışmanın konusunu da Kütahya’nın Şaphane ilçesindeki “Koca Seyfullah Cami” içinde yer alan duvar resimleri oluşturmaktadır. Yapıdaki “cami” tasvirinin çağdaşları ve benzerleriyle olan ilişkisini ele alarak, betimlemenin kent siluetinin bir parçası olarak okunması ve değerlendirilmesi bu çalışmanın sonunda ulaşılmak istenen amaçların başında gelir.
Özbek Ceditçi Hamza Hakimzoda Niyoziy’nin Tiyatro Faaliyetleri ve Zaharli Hayot Yohud Ishk Qurbonları (Zehirli Hayat Yahut Aşk Kurbanları) Piyesi
Authors: BİLVEREN Tugba
Published: February 2020

Cedit tiyatrosunun
amacı, siyasi ve sosyal hadiselerin yansıtılması, eğitimli ve aydın olma
düşüncelerinin, hürriyet bilincinin halka kolay ulaştırılması olmuştur. Halktan
büyük ilgi ve takdir gören Cedit tiyatrosu, eğitimde yenileşmeyi temel almış,
karşılaşılan tüm olumsuzlukların aslında eğitimsizlikten ve cahillikten
kaynaklandığını vurgulamıştır. İşgal ve sömürgeden kurtulmanın çaresi olarak
yenileşmenin şart olduğunu savunan Ceditçiler, genç nesillerin modern
yöntemlerle eğitilmelerinde ısrarcı olmuşlardır. 20.yy’ın ilk yıllarında Özbek
milli tiyatrosunun meydana gelmesinde ve aydınlanma hareketinin oluşmasında en
büyük pay Ceditçi aydınlarındır. Çağdaş medeniyet seviyesine yükselmenin halkı
bilinçlendirmeyle olacağını ve bunun için en kestirme ve etkili yolun tiyatro
olduğunu düşünen Ceditçilerin en önemli temsilcilerinden biri de Hamza
Hakimzoda Niyoziy’dir. Özbek edebiyatına büyük katkıları olan Hamza, iyi bir eğitimci,
iyi bir şair ve önemli bir tiyatro yazarıdır. 40’tan fazla sahne eseri bulunan
Hamza’nın hayatı ve eserleri pek çok çalışmaya konu olmuş, Özbekistan Devlet
Sanatçısı unvanıyla ödüllendirilmiştir. Pek çok yere adı verilmiş olan Hamza
Hakimzoda’nin çalışmamıza konu olan Zaharli
Hayot Yohud Ishk Qurbonlari isimli piyesi insan hayatına kast edecek
seviyelerdeki geri kalmışlığın doğurduğu sonuçları, eğitilmemiş ailelerin
sebebiyet vereceği çarpık durumları işlemiştir. Özellikle gençlerin
eğitilmesine önem veren Hamza Hakimzoda, Özbeklerin bu bağlamda manevi
destekçisi olmuştur. Çalışmamızda yazarın biyografisinin yanı sıra Zaharli Hayot Yohud Ishk Qurbonlari
(Zehirli Hayat Yahut Aşk Kurbanları) piyesine yer verilecektir.
DNA methylation of AHCY may increase the risk of ischemic stroke
Authors: Zhao Lei , Chen Xiaosheng , Zhou Shengjun , Lin Zhiqing , Yu Xi , Huang Yi
Published: February 2020

Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. Of these, epigenetic modifications provide a new direction for the study of ischemic stroke pathogenesis. This study aimed to determine the correlation between DNA methylation of the gene encoding S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (AHCY) and the risk of ischemic stroke in 64 ischemic stroke patients and 138 patients with traumatic brain injury (control group). The methylation level of AHCY was analyzed using quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. Statistically significant differences in AHCY methylation levels were observed between the case group [medians (interquartile range): 0.13% (0.09%, 0.27%)] and the control group [0.06% (0.00%, 0.17%), p < 0.0001], and these associations remained significant in both male (p = 0.003) and female (p = 0.0005) subjects. A subgroup analysis by age revealed a considerably higher percentage of methylated AHCY in the case group than the control group in all age groups (age < 60 years, p = 0.007; age ≥ 60 years, p < 0.0001). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed a trend toward a role for AHCY methylation as an indicator of risk in all ischemic patients [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.70, p = 0.0001], male patients (AUC = 0.67, p = 0.004), and female patients (AUC = 0.75, p = 0.0002). Our study confirmed a significant association between the AHCY DNA methylation level and the risk of ischemic stroke, suggesting that this gene methylation pattern may be a potential diagnostic marker of ischemic stroke.
Investigation and the Level of Its Independence
Authors: Bochkarev Sergei A.
Published: February 2020

The article presents the results of the scientific study “The State of the Domestic Justice System: An Inside Look at Its Self-Sufficiency and Independence”. The state of the problem of self-sufficiency and independence in the sociological group of investigators is studied. The statistical criterion has been used to identify paired relationships between the questionnaire answers, and Pearson fitting criterion or the χ2 (X squared) criterion has been used to analyze qualitative data. It is concluded that the existing guarantees of self-sufficiency and independence of investigators fail to function, and subordinate relations dominate in practice. This happens due to the existing level of senior management interference in the procedural activities of subordinate employees, which complicates the process of objective consideration (investigation) of cases and the adoption of legal procedural decisions on them. Unlike investigators, most heads of investigative bodies understand the problem of self-sufficiency and independence as a contradiction to external threats. Therefore, they primarily try to neutralise them, not paying attention to the intrasystem threats, which are fundamental for investigators
Some Aspects of Sentence Execution and Release on Parole in Pre-Revolutionary Russia (the Case of Transbaikal Region)
Authors: Malygina Olga A. , Myakhanova Alexandra N. , Skiba Andrey P.
Published: February 2020

The article discusses historical evidence of parole release application presenting a wide range of archival materials and statistical data. This topic provokes interest due to a certain shift towards a concern for the victim’s interests observed after the emergence of new criteria in the criminal code. The article is devoted to the history of release on parole in Siberia, particularly in Transbaikal region, in the pre-revolution period. Analysis of the available official documents and personal correspondence of military governors of Trans- Baikal region gives evidence of their opinions concerning exile and penal servitude in the region in the second half of the 19th-early 20th centuries. The available archival and statistical data have enabled us to show the history of parole practice and to highlight some topical issues of determining the criteria for the detainees’ correction, and, accordingly, advisability of their release on parole
Optimization Principles of Penal Execution System of Russia in the Context of European Penitentiary Practice
Authors: Teplyashin Pavel V.
Published: February 2020

Russia’s accession to the European Council and ratification of the European Convention on Human Rights caused considerable improvement of detainees’ living conditions. However, at present these transformations are inert and unstable. The framework for the development of the penitentiary system of the Russian Federation for the period until 2020 in terms of the study and dissemination of foreign experience in the area of execution of penalties is the subject-matter of research. The dissemination of this experience however can prove both progressive and regressive meaning for the optimization of domestic penitentiary system. The use of the method of legal-comparative studies, stressing the importance of the European example in execution of penalties, gives the opportunity to add some principles to the domestic penitentiary system, and among them: reciprocity of mutual interests of personality, society and state; feasibility to use foreign penitentiary experience; consistency that makes it possible to avoid conflicting between national and international law from the point of view of social economic facilities to realize humanitarian standards; the systematic issue as one of the capacity to suppose a clearly defined time sequence of publication and implementation of penitentiary norms. In the light of these principles the penitentiary policy of the Russian Federation is being criticized. Among applications of detainees to the European Court on Human Rights there is a tendency to increase the number of claims of violations of the detainees’ constitutional rights by the established prison security requirements. The results of this research testify about the possibility to use them while reviewing domestic conceptual framework of prison security which continues to express punitive claims primarily of the state to the detainee. Provisions of the European penitentiary rules are far from being fully realized in western prison systems, and that is why they are to be interpreted with the utmost care in legislative statements of the penitentiary legislation of Russia. The research is to conclude about the possibility to account on the critical remarks given in the article when working out on the Concept of modernization of the penal execution system (2021-2030)
The Principle of Relativity in the Post-Classical Theory of Law
Authors: Chestnov Il’ia L. , Samokhina Ekaterina G.
Published: February 2020

The article discusses up-to-date methodological issues of relativity in legal science. Relativity considered as the relativity of knowledge about an object characterises modern Post-Classical philosophy and science. Radical relativity as a pluralism in the sphere of values causes the well-founded concern of many scientists. The authors of the article propose their own vision of the content of relativity as a methodological principle of the Post-Classical legal science. The Post-Classical methodology used by the authors suggests criticising classical jurisprudence and dialogism (the interdependence of opposing points) as a positive programme. Relativity in law, according to the authors, is the pre-dependence of law by the social and cultural context, the interdependence of law and other social phenomena. Law does not exist “in its pure form”, but always appears as a side or aspect of the psyche, culture, economy and politics. Such an approach is not identical to arbitrariness, since law, in conjunction with other social phenomena, is intended to ensure the integrity of society. The proposed approach provides a deeper picture of a multidimensional legal reality and represents a version of a new Post-Classical methodology that is adequate to a contemporary society
Women's education and profession midwifery in Nordic countries
Authors: Pajalić Zada , Pajalić Oleg , Saplacan Diana
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Help at birth is one of the historically oldest volunteers supports that a woman has offered to another woman. One of the reasons for high maternal and infant mortality was identified as a lack of basic medical knowledge among the woman who helped during birth and this required immediate action to secure the survival of nations. When the Church and government made demands for education and professional license, the voluntary help at birth transformed into an educated and paid profession for women. The study aimed to describe the evolution of women’s education and the midwifery profession in Nordic countries from the 1600s until today.

Methods: Historical and contemporary documents, research and grey literature, are drawn together to provide a historical description of the midwifery professional development and education in Nordic countries.

Results: In the Nordic countries, governments from the 1600s had significant problems with high maternal and infant mortality. Most vulnerable were unmarried women and their children. To change the trend, northern countries had been inspired by France, Holland, England, and Germany, which had introduced education and a professional license for midwives. The targeted and systematic investment in midwifery education, followed by industrialization and welfare development in Nordic countries, has resulted in one of the highest survival rates for mothers and infants in the world today. In parallel with this, it has created the first female paid profession in history. Today, midwifery education is at the university level in all Nordic countries, and the certified midwife is responsible for pre- and post-natal care and normal birth. In Sweden, Norway, and Iceland, the midwife’s responsibility also includes contraception counseling and prescription of drugs for birth control purposes.

Conclusions: The education and professional licenses have contributed to a progressively improved care of birth women and infants. The professional and licensed midwife is positioned in society as an essential player in the current development of pre- and post-natal care. Furthermore, the graduated and licensed midwife positioned herself as the first paid professional female profession in modern history.
WHEN IS AN ADMINISTRATIVE ACT AN ADMINISTRATIVE ACT? REQUIREMENTS FOR A DECISION IN AUSTRIA
Authors: Chvosta Peter
Published: February 2020

Decision or administrative act are the centerpiece of any administrative processing in Central Europe. Their goal is mostly the same in all countries: They provide for legal peace and legal clarity and are starting points for constitutional review of the state’s actions.

After administrative act was defined and its whereabouts codified in the German Administrative Procedure Act, legal science turned to the problem of challenging it before an administrative court. It is argued that not so much the form, but rather the content of the act with all the supplement features is its distinctive feature.

For example, when a mayor of a municipality in a letter to individual ordered to allow for consume of private water because of a prolonged drought and at the end of the drought withdraw the letter and canceled the emergency consumption resulting can be challenged in court. As the Constitutional Court said: notwithstanding the form it was a decision since it created or revoked rights.

On the other hand, communication or notification are not to be qualified as decisions as well as recommendation or consultation with no binding power. Subjective public rights are essential when assessing the quality of a decision. Even a legal opinion of the Minister of Social Affairs can present a decision if it affects a public right. When a decision even in the form of a letter was taken into consideration by the Constitutional Court and the public authority (Governor) took it back

the Court thereupon formally terminated the proceedings but said the letter and its effect were illigal. The Court said that the existence or non-existence of a decision may not be at the expense of the party as well as any interference in public subjective rights even through law rules is open to the constitutional control.
The American View of Sub-Saharan Africa in the 1960’s (based on dissertation researches on Congo and Nigeria)
Authors: Latenko Volodymyr
Published: February 2020

The author of the article attempts to analyze the scientific achievements of American researchers on the subject of Sub-Saharan Africa in the 1960s, using the example of two countries in the region – the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Nigeria. In both countries, which decolonized in 1960 and embarked on an independent path of development, during the first decade of their existence, various stormy events took place that shook the entire Sub-Saharan region and largely reflected on processes in other parts of the continent. Therefore, these countries are a particularly striking example on the basis of which this study was conducted.

Based on a thorough review of the dissertations on the list, developed and defended in the United States by different generations of researchers over the course of half a century, the main priorities and areas of interest to the American scientific community have been identified. Although this paper does not claim to be a comprehensive and complete analysis, statistics based on available material are systematized in chronological and thematic dimensions. In particular, the events and phenomena of the history of the Congo and Nigeria, which particularly attracted the attention of American scholars, are highlighted. Predictably, the lion’s share of the research was devoted to the events of the Congolese crisis of 1960-1965, as well as the civil war for Biafra independence that unfolded in Nigeria. At the same time, it is found that most researchers were not so interested in the fate of the Sub-Saharan African countries themselves as the role and place of the United States in the region, their foreign policy, and the advancement of American national interests.
El gabán de Enrique III en la narrativa breve decimonónica=The "gabán" of Enrique III in the short Nineteenth-century narrative
Authors: Ribao Pereira Montserrat
Published: February 2020

Resumen. Según el discurso legendario en torno a Enrique III de Castilla, el rey tuvo que vender su gabán para poder cenar, mientras los grandes del reino disfrutaban de las riquezas usurpadas al monarca. Este les llama a su presencia y amenaza con darles muerte si no restituyen cuanto no les pertenece; atemorizados, los nobles aceptan. El siglo XIX reescribe este episodio desde diferentes perspectivas ideológicas y en distintos contextos políticos para dar cuenta de su propio tiempo. En este trabajo se analizan las variantes de la leyenda en la narrativa breve decimonónica.  Abstract. King Henry III of Castile had to sell his mantle to be able to dine, while the lords of the kingdom enjoyed the usurped riches of the monarch. He calls their presence and threatens to kill them if they do not return the wealth. The lords of the kingdom, frightened, accept. The nineteenth century literature rewrites this episode from different ideological and political perspectives. In this paper I explain the variants of this legend in the short nineteenth-century narrative.
Introducción: Representaciones del legendario hispánico en el siglo XIX=Introduction: representations of Hispanic legends in the XIXth century
Authors: Vega Rodríguez Pilar
Published: February 2020

Introducción
Substance Use Among a Sample of BSW Students: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Chapman Patricia , Trawver Kathi R.
Published: February 2020

This exploratory study used a convenience sample of 792 currently enrolled BSW students drawn from across accredited social work programs within the United States who completed a 60-item electronic survey to identify the occurrence, types, frequency, and severity of their substance use. More than 93% (n=742) of the study participants reported having used alcohol, and 62% (n=445) reported using drugs on one or more occasions. Reported types of use, frequency of use, and severity of use as measured by AUDIT and DAST scores showed BSW students' substance use similar to or above other national samples of college students. Recommendations for future research and implications for social work educators in addressing substance use and stress management and promoting destigmatized help-seeking among their BSW students are discussed.
Cleft Lip and Palate Indices: A Review
Authors: Agrawal Anju , Shrestha Rabindra Man , Mishra Praveen
Published: February 2020

Cleft lip and palate are the most common congenital craniofacial anomaly which require orthodontist as a member of collaborative multidisciplinary team. Successful treatment of these children require thorough description of the disease process, classification system and planning of the treatment protocol. The aim of this study is to review the available literature of the indices used to assess the severity of malocclusion in cleft lip and palate patients. This overview can create better understanding regarding the uses, advantages, and disadvantages of different index systems. The literatures were searched by using electronic databases.
Evaluation of the Relationship Between Types of Occupational Risk Factors and Pregnancy Induced Hypertension Among Iranian Employed Pregnant Women
Authors: Izadi Nazanin , Aminian Omid , Estakhrian Pegah , Akbarpour Samaneh , Ahmadi Pishkuhi Mahin , Saraei Maryam
Published: February 2020

Gestational hypertension or pregnancy-induced hypertension is the emergence of hypertension in a pregnant women after 20 weeks of gestation. This study aimed to evaluate the job-related factors associated with pregnancy-induced hypertension. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 560 pregnant women who referred to the Nursing Clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital in 2017; of all studied cases, 210 pregnant women with pregnancy-induced hypertension were selected as cases and 350 women without pregnancy-induced hypertension were selected as controls. The data on demographic characteristics, occupational characteristics, and ergonomic dangers were collected by the researchers. Finally, the relationship between job variables and the probability of developing hypertension in pregnant women was measured. The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that the variables of body mass index, fertility, shift work, and service works had a significant relationship with pregnancy-induced hypertension. Women with service work were 2.32 times more likely to develop hypertension than women with other types of jobs (P=0.013). The people who had a shift work were 2.28 times more likely to develop pregnancy-induced hypertension than those who did not have shift work. Based on the results of this study, there was no relationship between ergonomic risks and pregnancy-induced hypertension. It seems that due to the higher frequency of pregnancy-induced hypertension in highly demanding jobs, it is necessary to pay more attention to the assessment of related risk factors, such as psychological variables.
© 2019 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Acta Med Iran 2019;57(7):430-434.
Report of a Young Female With Severe Abdominal Pain: Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Hormati Ahmad , Alemi Faezeh , Taghavi Rouhollah , Ghasemian Mohammadreza , Besharati Mahsa
Published: February 2020

Mesenteric ischemia is a rare disease with a high rate of mortality because of the non-specific symptoms which lead to delay in diagnosis and intervention. The main symptom is abdominal pain, which has a broad list of differential diagnoses. This study introduces a 17-year-old girl who presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain and hematemesis. Further evaluations revealed thrombosis in the mesenteric vein which leads to ischemia and gangrene of the small intestine. Her past medical history and drug history were negative, except she was taking levonorgestrel and cyproterone acetate for a 5 months period. Since long-term treatment with oral contraceptive pills, counts as a risk factor for venous thrombosis, this case seems to be uncommon.
© 2019 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Acta Med Iran 2019;57(7):468-470.
INTERNET OF THINGS IN SMART AGRICULTURE: APPLICATIONS AND OPEN CHALLENGES
Authors: Bhatnagar Vivek , Singh Gulbir , Kumar Gautam , Gupta Rajeev
Published: February 2020

Purpose of Study: The IoT is an emerging field nowadays and that can be used anywhere in automation, agriculture, controlling as well as monitoring of any object, which exists in the real world. We have to make use of IoT in Agriculture to increase productivity. Agro-industry processes could be more efficient by using IoT. It gives automation to the agro-industry by reducing human intervention. In the current scenario, the sometime farmer doesn’t know the current status of the soil moisture and other things related to their land and don’t produce productive results towards crops. The purpose of this research study is to explore the usage of IoT devices and application areas that are being used in agriculture. 

Methodology: The methodology behind this study is to identify trends and review the open challenges, application areas and architectures for IoT in agro-industry. This survey is based on a systematic literature review where related research is grouped into four domains such as monitoring, control, prediction, and logistics. 

Main Findings: This research study presents a detailed work of the eminent researchers and designs of computer architecture that can be applied in agriculture for smart farming. This research study also highlights various unfolded challenges of IoT in agriculture.

Implications: This study can be beneficial for farmers, researchers, and professionals working in agricultural institutions for smart farming.

Novelty/Originality of the study: Various eminent researchers have been making efforts for smart farming by using IoT concepts in agriculture. But, a bouquet of unfolded challenges is still in a queue for their effective solution. This study makes some efforts to discuss past research and open challenges in IoT-based agriculture.
THE LEVEL OF DECENTRALIZATION IMPACT ON THE BULGARIAN SOCIAL HEALTH CARE COMPETITIVENESS
Authors: Terziev Venelin , Petkova Stoyanka , GEORGİEVA GEORGİEVA
Published: February 2020

One of the most significant characteristics on which the Bulgarian social health care system competitiveness depends is the level of decentralization. In this study the authors explain a methodology for estimating the level of decentralization by using the knowledge of the so-called performance measurement system (PMS). The established theoretical model is tested among health care managers in 78 sub-divisional units randomly chosen among the Bulgarian health care system – facilities and hospitals. There have been made several conclusions that could be a base for future research and discussion.
Keywords: competitiveness, impact, level of decentralization, Bulgarian health care system.
DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE RESPIRATORY VIRAL INFECTIONS: CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL REGULARITIES
Authors: Kolpakov Sergej L. , Popov A. F , Simakova A. I
Published: February 2020

Data on identification and verification of the etiologically diagnosis of a acute respiratory viral infections are presented in article at sharp upper respiratory tract infections of the multiple and not specified localization and at local diseases of respiratory organs in Vladivostok. The highest average value of detectability from 2011 for 2017 was at a rinoviral infection - 22,8 cases %ооо. The detectability of flu A (H3N2) was 19,6%ooo; flu A (H1N1) - 15,1%ooo; flu B - 9,8%ooo. Detection of the acute respiratory viral infections verified on an etiology had natural seasonality. The incidence of flu, caused by representatives of the Orthomyxoviridae family, was formed in the winter and in the spring. During the summer-autumnal period rise in incidence of Paramyxoviridae family viruses was formed (paraflu, RS-viral infection, a metapneumoviral infection). The Coronaviral infection had winter seasonality. The Rinoviral infection, adenoviral and bakaviral infections were characterized by summer-autumnal seasonality. According to the nature of seasonality and structure of the verified cases on months of year the probability of confirmation of the diagnosis of a rinoviral infection from May to October was from 56,8+5,1% to 62,1+7,5%. Similar situation develops with paraflu. From May to November the specific weight of the verified paraflu was from 11,6+4,9% to 19,5+4,9% of all confirmed SARS cases. For flu A (H1N1) the probability of confirmation of the diagnosis from December to March is from 15,4+3,9% to 54,8+5,3%. And at flu A (H3N2) in data of month - from 5,2+2,4% to 47,6+4,0%. At flu B high probability of confirmation of the diagnosis in spring months, in March and April, 30,0+3,6% and 26,4+5,2%.