bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Civil Society in Implementing the SDGs Locally
Authors: Nicha Andrade Julijana
Published: July 2021

This chapter aims to present the complex relations between the local actors, the municipality of Curitiba, and UNESCO via the UNESCO Creative Cities Network to implement the 2030 SDGs on the local level. From the case study, the chapter explores the shortcomings and Eurocentric approach of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network and how local actors use the network requirements to gain local ownership of the goals' implementation. As a result, a mutually benefiting relationship arises. On the one hand, UNESCO Creative Cities Network widens its membership approach. On the other hand, local municipalities, such as Curitiba, change their structures to accommodate the SDG implementation by opening to multi-stakeholder governance. It applies a light-weighted approach of the inter-organizational framework and orchestration and makes use of document analysis, historical case analysis, and semi-structured interviews for data gathering.
The Role of Social Media in Public Involvement
Authors: Alizadeh Tooran , Farid Reza , Willems Laura
Published: July 2021

This chapter explores social media's potential to enhance public involvement to pursue sustainable practices on an international scale across planning and development projects. Using a case-study approach, the international institutions of the World Bank, UN-Habitat, Unilever, and World Business Council for Sustainable Development are investigated. The relationship between public versus the institutions' intake on sustainability is examined. Findings identify strong public push for increased sustainability in international development and show evidence of the ways in which international institutions respond to the public. Contributing to the social media research field, it offers an alternative application to the planning profession via e-planning. This could contribute to an extended form of public engagement through social media that goes beyond the limiting geographical borders of each local community, and assesses planning and development projects for their broader sustainability implications on an international platform.
Social Media and Social Identity in the Millennial Generation
Authors: Helal Guida , Ozuem Wilson
Published: July 2021

The active presence of fashion brands online serves as a channel for customers to connect with brands for different intentions. This connection acts as an outlet customers employ in furthering social identity through brand associations. Brand perceptions are accordingly formed among consumers based on the promised functional and symbolic benefits consumption of that brand guarantees. Social media has assumed an integral role in fostering brand-customer relationships that ultimately augment social identity. The following chapter examines the role social media has played on brand perceptions in the fashion apparel and accessories industry from a social identity theory perspective. The chapter focuses on theoretical implications and managerial implications. The concluding section offers some significant roles that social media and social identity may play in keeping up with the design and development of marketing communications programs.
Factors Influencing Intention of Facebook Fans of Companies to Convert into Actual Buyers
Authors: Wang Hsiu-Yuan , Wang Jian-Hong , Wang Hsing-Wen , Chen Chi-Chun
Published: July 2021

Recently, a new wave of business opportunities has emerged by integrating social media and commerce. Although many hospitality organizations have considered online social communities as potential channels for promotion, most of them have failed to obtain sales from community members. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to propose and examine a new research model that can capture cognitive- and affective-based trust elements influencing fans' behavioral intention to purchase by affecting their firm commitment. A survey of 393 Facebook participants found strong support for the model. The results indicated that Facebook fans' perceptions of firm commitment could be a strong predictor of their buying intention. Factors of building cognitive trust (i.e. perceived reputation, perceived ability, and information quality) as well as affective trust (i.e. perceived benevolence, perceived integrity and perceived social presence) were the critical components significantly influencing fans' firm commitment. Theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.
Competitive Analysis Based on Social Media Mining
Authors: Marmo Roberto
Published: July 2021

With the ever-inflating of information in Social Media, companies are working in a complex, open and mobilizing environment, they need to know their competitors if they need to survive in contemporary shrinking market, and identify opportunities to optimize their own content strategies. This chapter describes some technologies that can help to execute competitive analysis using social media mining, it also discusses background, knowledge, challenges and critical factors necessary for successful business.
A Social Media Recommender System
Authors: Sperlì Giancarlo , Amato Flora , Mercorio Fabio , Mezzanzanica Mario , Moscato Vincenzo , Picariello Antonio
Published: July 2021

Social media recommendation differs from traditional recommendation approaches as it needs considering not only the content information and users' similarities, but also users' social relationships and behavior within an online social network as well. In this article, a recommender system – designed for big data applications – is used for providing useful recommendations in online social networks. The proposed technique represents a collaborative and user-centered approach that exploits the interactions among users and generated multimedia contents in one or more social networks in a novel and effective way. The experiments performed on data collected from several online social networks show the feasibility of the approach towards the social media recommendation problem.
Calculation of Facebook Marketing Effectiveness in Terms of ROI
Authors: Semerádová Tereza , Weinlich Petr
Published: July 2021

This chapter demonstrates how to assess the performance of organic and sponsored activities on Facebook using the data available in Facebook Ads Manager, Facebook Page Insights, and Google Analytics. The main aim of the proposed ROI calculation model is to connect common social media marketing objectives with the analytical information available. The main emphasis is put on the technical aspect of ad performance assessment. The authors explain how the Facebook attribution system and post-impression algorithm work, describe the relation between advertising goals and metrics displayed as achieved campaign results, and demonstrate how to derive ROI indexes from different Facebook conversions. The chapter also includes a practical example how to calculate current and future value of ongoing ads.
Digital Social Networking
Authors: Dhar Suparna , Bose Indranil , Khan Mohammed Naved
Published: July 2021

Digital social networking (DSN) sites such as Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, WhatsApp, Instagram, Pinterest, among many others have garnered millions of users worldwide. It is an instance of information and communication technology that has brought about changes in the way people communicate, interact, and affected human lifestyle and psyche across the world. Some people have become addicted; some see this as beneficial, while others are skeptical about its consequences. This risk-benefit paradox of DSN flummoxes academicians and practitioners alike. This chapter discusses the social and organizational and business risks and benefits of DSN. It goes on to provide a timeline of the evolution of DSN sites, enumeration of typical characteristics of DSN sites, and a systematic comparison of offline and digital social networking. The chapter intends to serve as a cornerstone towards developing a framework for organizational strategy formulation for DSN.
Social Media Analytics for Maintaining Financial Stability
Authors: Nidhiri Sebin B. , Saxena Sakshi
Published: July 2021

Risk and uncertainty are disliked but inevitable. The nature of these has changed and new sources of risk have risen. To mitigate risk and maintain financial stability, the firms need to adapt. The world wide web and, within it, social media have had tremendous growth and wide coverage lately, making them determining forces in any economic activity. This has led to generation of large amount of data on myriad concerns. Recent developments in computing technology has thrown open the possibility of mining useful information from the enormous and dynamic data. The chapter outlines the growth of social media and social media analytics and its financial implications to businesses, consumers, and governments. It details how risk management and social media, two domains earlier considered more diverged than chalk and cheese are now inextricably linked and explains using various cases how social media analytics is used to manage risk and uncertainty. The authors also look at the emerging challenges with these developments.
Attracting the Right Employees?
Authors: Lewis Anthony , Thomas Brychan Celfyn , Sanders Gwenllian Marged
Published: July 2021

This chapter investigates effects and issues associated with social media and recruitment and whether it is effective as an innovative e-entrepreneurship method of attracting the right employees for enterprises from a multi stakeholder perspective. Human resources management professionals have been using different methods of social media in their recruitment strategies with varying degrees of success. By examining social media and its effect, this can support the development of a more effective human resources recruitment strategy. Additionally, increased communication channels might enable the development of a more positive internal enterprise culture. The study was conducted using both primary and secondary data. Professionals, recruiters, and employees have been questioned on their views of Social Media from a personal and a professional perspective through a variety of methods including focus groups and questionnaires. This chapter provides a framework that can be used by enterprises in order to create their own social media recruitment cycle.
Understanding How Mexican and U.S. Consumers Decide to Use Mobile Social Media
Authors: Yang Kenneth C. C.
Published: July 2021

This chapter investigated cross-national consumer behaviors in adopting mobile social media among U.S. and Mexican samples. Using a combination of Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM2) and consumer behavior theories to describe the decision-making process of mobile and social media platform adoption. Three thematic insights are identified after analyzing their adoption decision narratives. This book chapter concluded with a summary of current academic research on multi-platforms and their advertising applications. This chapter further identified major theoretical concepts, frameworks, and methodological approaches that may help advertising and marketing communications researchers and practitioners to better understand the planning, execution, and assessment of multi-platform advertising campaigns.
Charging Fandom in the Digital Age
Authors: Guo Shuojia
Published: July 2021

In the digital age, the proliferation of fan-generated content on social media platforms is making the fan culture transitioning from the “static” online consumption to “dynamic” interaction. This is not only a result of the advancement of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), but also a cultural phenomenon driving by participatory fandom in cyberspace. The rise of social media has dramatically altered the dynamics of fan practices and spectatorship hence increased vocality and visibility within the fan community as well as the formation and facilitation of fan roles. In this chapter, we will explore why social media have such a profound impact upon fandom. In particular, what is new with these fan communities that social media has done so much to enable. Why there is a blurring in the lines between fandom producers and consumers in the participatory fandom. Given the new forms of cultural production, how fan culture enabled by social media is more powerful than it was ever before.
Management and Marketing Practices of Social Media Firms
Authors: Alshubaily Abdulaziz
Published: July 2021

This paper examines the key variances in application and strategy between different social media management strategies and its effective marketing. Social media firms have shown a great ability to control the stages in their product life cycles. These practices lead to managers in these firms overachieving on their respective KPIs and garnering industry attention. An analysis of social media management firms practice shows that high participatory decisions and intellectual and manual skills contributed to these organizations' successes. Other factors like introducing the ‘Like' button and various innovations are observed to have improved consumers' attitudes towards the social media brand. Customer engagement and content enrichment are proven to be driving forces in how online consumers perceive the social media brand. Consumers are demonstrated to be the main means of continuous sustainability and growth.
E-Reputation in Web Entrepreneurship
Authors: Dutot Vincent , Castellano Sylvaine
Published: July 2021

E-reputation is what you say, what you do and of course how others perceive all of your actions. As an entrepreneur, knowing what your customers think about you is crucial. But managing it is way more than just hiring someone to be active on some social platforms. It implies the definition of a real strategy as well as hiring specific resources to successfully manage its reputation online. By presenting what e-reputation is, what are its main components, how to measure it and what tools exist, this chapter wants to give to web-entrepreneurs the key elements in order to manage their e-reputation efficiently.
Female University Student WSDS Smartphone Dependence Scale Scores Correlate With Actual Use Time of Smartphones
Authors: Toda Masahiro , Mure Kanae , Takeshita Tatsuya
Published: July 2021

The authors investigated correlations between self-reported WSDS (Wakayama Smartphone-Dependence Scale) scores and actual time spent using smartphones. The WSDS was one of a set of questionnaires administered to 134 female university students. For iPhone (Apple Inc., CA) users, the Screen Time feature was used to monitor use time. Of three WSDS rankings, subscales 2 (using a smartphone for extended periods of time and neglecting social obligations and other tasks) and 3 (using a smartphone while doing something else and neglect of etiquette) were associated with actual smartphone use time. Subscale 1 (immersion in internet communication) was associated with demographic characteristics. These findings suggest the usefulness of the WSDS.
Design and Development of Ternary-Based Anomaly Detection in Semantic Graphs Using Metaheuristic Algorithm
Authors: Reddy M. Sravan Kumar , Rajput Dharmendra Singh
Published: July 2021

At present, the field of homeland security faces many obstacles while determining abnormal or suspicious entities within the huge set of data. Several approaches have been adopted from social network analysis and data mining; however, it is challenging to identify the objective of abnormal instances within the huge complicated semantic graphs. The abnormal node is the one that takes an individual or abnormal semantic in the network. Hence, for defining this notion, a graph structure is implemented for generating the semantic profile of each node by numerous kinds of nodes and links that are associated to the node in a specific distance via edges. Once the graph structure is framed, the ternary list is formed on the basis of its adjacent nodes. The abnormalities in the nodes are detected by introducing a new optimization concept referred to as biogeography optimization with fitness sorted update (BO-FBU), which is the extended version of the standard biogeography optimization algorithm (BBO). The abnormal behavior in the network is identified by the similarities among the derived rule features. Further, the performance of the proposed model is compared to the other classical models in terms of certain performance measures. These techniques will be useful to detect digital crime and forensics.
Irregular Light Scattering Properties of Fenestration for Comfortable and Energy-Efficient Buildings
Authors: Grobe Lars Oliver
Published: July 2021

The irregular reflection and transmission properties of innovative fenestration allow the redirection, selectively admittance, or blocking of solar irradiation based on its incident direction. Compared to systems that implement adaptivity by mechanical transformations, such tailored light scattering reduces the complexity of installation, operation, and maintenance as well as the impact on outward view and the aesthetical appearance of buildings. Examples of such fenestration techniques (e.g., light redirecting films and Venetian blinds featuring irregular reflection properties) are presented with their gonio-photometrically measured scattering properties. Techniques to model optically complex fenestration to support product development and planning are presented. Effects on daylight availability, glare, and solar gains are demonstrated. Preliminary results indicate the potential to control and modulate rather than to block irradiation through the design of buildings aiming at high comfort and energy efficiency.
Hygro-Thermal, Hydric, and Mechanical Properties of Fibre and Aggregate-Reinforced Earth Plasters
Authors: Pedergnana Matthieu , Ozkan Soofia Tahira Elias
Published: July 2021

Earth plasters have been used as a protective coating for buildings but, due to their low strength and low resistance to weather conditions, they have been abandoned for more resistant materials which in return lack vapour permeability. Earth plasters have usually a high moisture sorption rate, and their water vapour permeability is high, allowing the transfer of humidity through the material. These properties make them an interesting material for controlling vapour movement in humid rooms. Improving their strength can be done by adding aggregates and/or fibres, but the real impact of using one type or another of fibres or aggregate is unknown. This research aims to understand the consequence of the choice of fibre or sand in the improvement of strength of plasters and the conservation of the plaster hygro-thermal properties. Properties of plasters using alternative fibres or aggregates such as wool, cow hair, pine needles, sand aimed for concrete mixes, or not properly graded sand have been compared to plasters made more traditionally with chaff fibres and mason sand.
Optimization of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular (CFST) Columns Using Meta-Heuristic Algorithms
Authors: Cakiroglu Celal , Islam Kamrul , Bekdaş Gebrail
Published: July 2021

Concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns are an extensively studied area due to the favorable structural characteristics of these members. In order obtain the best possible performance from these structures while reducing the cost the use of optimization algorithms is indispensable. For this reason, meta-heuristic algorithms are finding increasing application in engineering due to their high efficiency. Various equations that predict the axial ultimate load-carrying capacity (Nu) of CFST columns are available in design codes as well as the research literature. However, most of these equations are only applicable within certain parameter ranges. A recently developed set of equations that have better parameter ranges of applicability was applied in this study. Furthermore, a newly developed meta-heuristic algorithm called social spider algorithm is applied to the cross-section optimization of circular CFST columns. The improvement of the structural dimensioning under Nu constraint was demonstrated.
An Adaptable Secure Scheme in Mobile Ad hoc Network to Protect the Communication Channel From Malicious Behaviours
Authors: Srilakshmi R.  , Jaya Bhaskar M.
Published: July 2021

Mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is a trending field in the smart digital world; it is effectively utilized for communication sharing purposes. Besides this communication, it has numerous advances like a personal computer. However, the packet drop and low throughput ratio became serious issues. Several algorithms are implemented to increase the throughput ratio by developing multipath routing. But in some cases, the multipath routing ends in routing overhead and takes more time to transfer the data because of data load in the same path. To end this problem, this research aimed to develop a novel temporary ordered route energy migration (TOREM). Here, the migration approach balanced the data load equally and enhanced the communication channel; also, the reference node creation strategy reduced the routing overhead and packet drop ratio. Finally, the outcome of the proposed model is validated with recent existing works and earned better results by minimizing packet drop and maximizing throughput ratio.
Performance Testing of NaCMC/HPC/NaAlg Hydrogels for Agricultural Applications
Authors: Andes Joshua Franz E. , Jao Angelica F. , Zacarias Jeoffrey H. , Tumolva Terence
Published: July 2021

Physically cross-linked NaCMC/HPC/NaAlg hydrogel beads were subjected to several performance tests to determine their ability to mitigate the immediate impacts of drought and their effectiveness to control nutrient release in soil. The tests showed that the beads have a water absorption capacity of 2438%, indicating superabsorbent capability. Reusability tests showed that they are capable of at least six cycles of swelling/deswelling with a net decrease in swelling from 331% to 170%. Nutrient release studies were done using a multistage diffusion model to examine their effectiveness in controlled release. Soil amendment studies showed that a 2.65% increase in the maximum water holding capacity is obtained per 0.1% of hydrogels in soil. Furthermore, phytotoxicity studies showed that the germination indices of representative vegetable crops planted in hydrogel-treated soil are above well above the threshold for phytotoxicity limit. Lastly, the hydrogels also showed potential as a growing substrate in soilless cultivation.
Maximization of Natural Frequencies for Functionally Graded Rectangular Plates
Authors: Muc Aleksander
Published: July 2021

In this paper optimal design of free vibrations for functionally graded plates is studied using the analytical methods. The analytical methods can be employed for the solution of six of 21 arbitrary boundary conditions (the combinations of clamped, simply supported and free). The influence of various models of porosity and forms of different reinforcements with nanoplatelets and carbon nanotubes are investigated, including variations of stiffness/density along the thickness of a plate. The analysis is carried out for the classical plate theory. Parametric studies illustrate the possibility of increasing natural frequencies and the necessity of implementing the optimization techniques to find the best solutions from the engineering point of view.
A Comparative Study between Jute and Glass Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: Das Subrata Chandra , Paul Debasree , Khan Mubarak Ahmad , Grammatikos Sotirios A. , Papatzani Styliani
Published: July 2021

Recently, natural fiber reinforced polymer composites have become popular over traditional synthetic fiber reinforced polymer composites for automotive, low demanding structural and semi-structural applications. In this work, a comparative study of a natural fiber composite such as jute fabric composite (JFRP) and synthetic fiber composite such as glass fiber composite (GFRP) is presented. The composites were manufactured using hand lay-up and then curing at 90°C for 10 min in a hot press, followed by 24 h room temperature post-curing. The mechanical properties such as tensile and bending of JFRP and GFRP composites, were evaluated and compared. It was revealed that even if GFRPs exhibited significantly higher mechanical properties than JFRPs, environmental impact would still favor JFRPs for non-structural and low load bearing applications.
Synthesis of Polylactic Acid/Cellulose Composite Extracted from Pineapple Leaves
Authors: Pornbencha Kanokporn , Boonmalert Tanabadee , Seubsai Anusorn , Dittanet Peerapan
Published: July 2021

In this work, cellulose was extracted from pineapple leaves by basic hydrolysis and surface-modified by silane coupling agent (Si-69) for use as reinforcing agent in polylactic acid (PLA). The pineapple leaves were subjected to alkali and bleaching treatments to remove hemicellulose and lignin. The corresponding FTIR spectra reveals intensity peaks at 1727 cm-1 assigned to C=O stretching in hemicellulose, 1614 cm-1 and 1539 cm-1 from C=C stretching of lignin and 1241 cm-1 attributed to C-O stretching of lignin, all of which decreased following the chemical treatments to confirm the effective removal of hemicellulose and lignin. These results were consistent with fiber composition analysis where hemicellulose and lignin both favorably decreased from approximately 20% to 5.46% and 0.47%, respectively, after chemical treatments. However, cellulose content unfortunately also decreased with bleaching cycles despite improving the cellulose yield. The cellulose was effectively surface-modified by 5 wt% and 10 wt% of Si-69 as confirmed with C-O-Si stretching at 1240 cm-1 from FTIR. As a reinforcing filler to improve PLA performance, cellulose treated by Si-69 were infused into PLA matrix to obtain composite films by solvent casting. As expected, PLA modified with surface-modified cellulose showed the highest value of tensile strength of 21.75 Mpa among the reinforced filler samples and pure PLA, due to a strong adhesion at the interphase of PLA matrix and cellulose.
Dip Degreasing Stage Improvement in Car Body Pretreatment Process by Six Sigma
Authors: Palrungsri Jadesupa , Chutima Parames
Published: July 2021

An automobile company in this research faced the consistency problem from the chemical concentration in degreasing bath which was one of the stages in the pretreatment process. The problem came from the proportion of total alkaline (T.Al) lower than the lower control limit (LCL) which was set at 18.2 points during February – May 2020. This resulted in the low values of Cp and Cpk, i.e. 0.83 and 0.51, respectively. To remedy the problem, Six Sigma (DMAIC) was applied to improve the process stability. The cause and effect matrix was used to analyse the potential causes of problems and prioritise the causes to solve. It was found that four (causes) factors were solved by auto titration and feeding controller installation to reduce variance and increase stability. Another one factor, quality of water, was improved by adding a check item to monitor and collect data during the initial implementation stage. The result after improvement showed that Cp and Cpk were increased to 1.82 and 1.52 in August 2020, respectively.
Effect of Ageing on Rheological Properties of Asphalt
Authors: Ma Li Xing
Published: July 2021

This paper is to study the mechanism of aging on the rheological properties of the asphalt and make correlations with the actual field behavior of the binder. The effects of ageing on rheological properties of asphalt has been studied by Dynamic Shear Rheometer(DSR). Significant differences of rheological properties and composition were observed between fresh and aged asphalt. The results show that aging at low temperature increases the complex modulus of asphalt, but has little effect at high temperature.
Study on the Temperature Sensibility of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Concrete (CFRC) Road Material
Authors: Wang Shuai
Published: July 2021

The relationship between electrical resistivity and temperature of carbon fiber reinforced concrete ( CFRC) road ma-terial are studied, from which the temperature sensibility of carbon fiber reinforced concrete is discovered, the electrical resistivity of CFRC decreases with increasing temperature and increases with decreasing temperature. The function mechanisms of the tem-perature are also analyzed. Using this property , carbonfiber reinforced concrete can be used as a kind of temperature sensor and self-diagnose the temperature of airfield runways or bridge deck.
Research on the Construction Technology of Self-Monitoring Asphalt Concrete
Authors: Xu Yuan
Published: July 2021

Combined with the paving of the test section of Self-monitoring Asphalt Concrete, the electrode burying mode of pavement construction is designed according to its characteristics, and the best mixing method and spreading rolling construction technology are compared and analyzed. The results show that the construction structure of the test section is reasonable and feasible, the best mixing effect can be obtained by adding conductive phase material and asphalt at the same time, and the rolling process. The order of rubber wheel and steel wheel compaction has no significant effect on compaction degree.
Sustainable Reinforced Concrete Design of Structural Walls
Authors: Papatzani Styliani , Giannakis Ioannis , Grammatikos Sotirios A. , Kotsovos Michael D. , Das Subrata Chandra
Published: July 2021

Sustainability calls for reduction in the use of natural resources and man-made materials. In light of this, the present study demonstrates the potentials of the reduction of transverse reinforcement in structural walls. A structural wall 1.7 m long was designed following the Greek Code for Reinforced Concrete (GCRC). This wall was then constructed and tested under cyclic loading. The theoretical value of the uncracked stiffness was four times greater than the value calculated after the experiment. The wall was also designed according to the Compressive Force Path method (CFP), which allowed for a significant reduction in the transverse reinforcement for the same target values.
In Situ Synthesis of SiO2 Nanoparticles by Sol-Gel Method on Cotton Fabrics and Investigation of their Physical and Chemical Properties
Authors: Shahidi Sheila , Mohammadbagherloo Hakimeh , Elahi Seyedmohammad , Dalalsharifi Sanaz , Mongkholrattanasit Rattanaphol
Published: July 2021

In this paper, the sol-gel method was used for in-situ synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) on cotton fabrics with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in the presence of acid and alkaline indicators. The samples were characterized using by (X-ray diffraction) XRD, (scanning electron Microscopy) SEM, (Inductively coupled plasma) ICP, water drop test and also the flame retardant properties were studied by char yield. The SEM images showed that the nanoparticles are spherical in shape and the acidity or alkalinity of the medium has an effect on the formation of particles. The XRD patterns showed the typical diffraction of amorphous SiO2 (Si-O short-order structure), also ICP analysis showed that by washing the fabrics, the nanoparticles are still present on the fabric, and this indicated the stability of the washing of the fabrics impregnated with the nanoparticles. By in-situ synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles, the flame retardant properties have been improved significantly and the amount of residual char was increased and samples were observed to be hydrophilic.
Aluminum-Air Battery with Buckypaper Air Cathode
Authors: Ito Yosuke , Nguyen Dang Trang , Taguchi Kozo
Published: July 2021

Thin films made of carbon nanotubes are called buckypaper (BP), which is expected to be applied to electronic devices. Usually, BP is made by the chemical vapor deposition method. In this study, we used the vacuum filtration method to make low-cost BP. To justify the outstanding electronic performance of the fabricated BP, it was utilized to make the air-cathode of the aluminum-air battery. Since the BP is lighter and has a larger specific surface area than the carbon sheet, the aluminum-air battery can be miniaturized while increasing its performance. Furthermore, UV-ozone treatment was also applied to further improve the performance of the BP because it is able to clean and improve the surface conditions.
Research on the Synthesis of Proppants Applied for Oil Production by the Method of Hydraulic Facing
Authors: Yatsenko Elena A. , Goltsman Boris M. , Chumakov Andrey , Vil'bitskaya Natalia A. , Li Wen Sheng
Published: July 2021

The essence of the hydraulic fracturing method for enhancing oil recovery is described. The definition of proppants is given and their average chemical composition is determined. In the process of an analytical review, the article presents proppants that are widely used in the oil industry. For each type of proppant, the main technical characteristics (bulk density and compressive strength) required when using the hydraulic fracturing method have been determined. In the course of the analysis, it was found that all proppant technologies are expensive and it is necessary to select high-quality cheap and affordable materials to reduce the cost of their production. Drilling cuttings from the Morozovskoye field were chosen as one of these materials. Physical and chemical studies of drill cuttings were carried out, on the basis of which a conclusion was made about the possibility of its use in the synthesis of high-quality aluminosilicate proppants.
Optimization of Cutting Conditions with an End Mill According to the Criterion of the Smallest Amplitude of Vibration
Authors: Topolov Dmitriy Y. , Boldyrev Igor S.
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the issues of chatter damping during milling. The relationship between the amplitude of forced vibrations and the cutting speed has been established. The choice of the optimal values ​​of the cutting condition during end milling is proposed to ensure the minimum vibration amplitude.
Controlled Process of Crystallization in Weld Pool
Authors: Melyukov Valery , Marinin Evgeny A.
Published: July 2021

In this report the problem of control of solidification crack formation in welded plates is considered. In this problem the welding source is determined in dependence on the preset configuration and curvature of the rear part weld pool. A double ellipsoid model of weld pool with preset semi-axes may be used for the first approximation of preset weld pool configuration. It is an inverse problem which may be more efficiently solved as optimal control problem. The Function of welding source as a controlling function obtained in the result of solution is determined in a class of piecewise continuous functions which is more common class and the continuous-smooth functions are special partial case of common class. Recent methods of optimal control which use for solution of optimal control problems require to present the controlling functions in class of piecewise constant functions. Laser influence, electron beam, plasma, arc and submerged arc are the welding sources with high concentrated energy. A mathematical models of these welding sources may be introduced in class of piecewise continuous function with an efficient accuracy.
Experimental and Computational Method for Determining Temperature Stresses in the Welding of Structures Made of Carbon and High-Alloy Structural Steels
Authors: Mironova Lubov , Nigay Ruslan , Nigay Evgeny
Published: July 2021

A method for determining temperature stresses in a welded joint of a thin-walled pipe with a base is described. The method is based on experimental data of temperature measurement at reference points of the structure. The features of the elements of the welded joint made of carbon and high-alloy structural steels and the modes of electric arc welding were taken into account. The efficiency of using spline approximation of experimental data to obtain analytical dependences of the distribution of temperature fields and stresses, as well as to obtain a solution of the heat equation by numerical differentiation and integration for this case, is shown. Formulas for calculating temperature stresses for the case of an asymmetric temperature distribution in a cylinder under the action of a moving high-intensity heat source are obtained.
Model of Layer-by-Layer Cooling Trajectory in Rolled Products by TMCP
Authors: Platov Sergey I. , Maslennikov Konstantin B. , Urtsev Nikolay V. , Dema Roman R. , Zvyagina Elena Yu.
Published: July 2021

The paper describes some aspects of a scientific and research project dedicated to mechanical property prediction in plates for pipe production rolled at PJSC MMK 5000 Mill. The prediction is based on billet thermal state modelling by thermo-mechanical control process (TMCP) of rolling and subsequent cooling. The central focus of the modelling is the calculation of billet layer-by-layer cooling trajectory. The paper presents some results of model verification by test rolling.
Study of the Influence of the Shape of Internal Cavities on the Nature of Wave Strain Hardening
Authors: Kirichek Andrey V. , Barinov Sergey V. , Umnov Dmitry O.
Published: July 2021

The results of a study of the influence of shapes of samples, as well as the presence of internal cavities and their shapes, on the nature of wave strain hardening (WSH) are presented. The peculiarity of the method lies in the impact of a stream of pulses on the processed material, while instant wave states, which affect the microhardness maps in the workpiece are formed in the material. These studies were carried out for the first time on a specially designed stand. The studied grades of materials were: steel 45 and bronze BRAZH 9-4. As a result of the studies performed, the geometric shape of the samples and cavities in them was revealed, which contribute to an increase in microhardness.
Production of Colored Phosphate Coatings on Steel
Authors: Konovalova Viktoriya S. , Rumyantseva Varvara E.
Published: July 2021

Phosphating has long been successfully used as a method of protecting metal products and structures from corrosion. The possibility of obtaining non-ferrous phosphate coatings on steel by cold method was investigated. Compositions of cold phosphating solutions for the deposition of colored phosphate coatings of green and blue colors are proposed. To obtain green phosphate films, chromium salts and procyon olive green dye were introduced into the compositions of cold phosphating solutions. To obtain phosphate films of orange color, cobalt salts were introduced into the compositions of cold phosphating solutions. To obtain blue phosphate films, methylene blue and Prussian blue were introduced into the compositions of cold phosphating solutions. It was found that colored phosphate films are worse at preventing metal corrosion. Colored phosphate coatings have a higher porosity and are less uniform compared to modified phosphate films.
About Determing the Microhardness of Composite Coatings
Authors: Zhachkin Sergey Y. , Zavrazhnov Anatoly I. , Penkov Nikita A. , Kudryavtsev George V. , Tsisarenko Paul V.
Published: July 2021

One of the fundamental tasks in restoring the operability of cylinder liners is the application of a composite coating with a predetermined microhardness value. The authors have developed a technology for applying composite coatings based on iron on cylindrical surfaces, which makes it possible to vary the physical, mechanical and operational parameters of the formed iron-containing coating due to the planned selection of the deposition parameters. This eliminates the need for mechanical treatment of the applied coating, which is the reason for the high degree of rejection parts that undergo the iron-on operation. Contact interaction of the working tool with the formed layer of the composite coating has a positive effect on the value of its roughness.
Influence of the Initial Grain Size on the Structural-Phase State of the VT20 Titanium Alloy Surface after Implantation
Authors: Ovchinnikov Viktor Vasilevich , Kurbatova Irina Aleksandrovna , Luk'yanenko Elena Vladimirovna , Uchevatkina Nadezda , Yakutina Svetlana Viktorovna
Published: July 2021

The article presents the results of studies of titanium alloy VT20 in ultrafine-grained (UFG), subfine-grained (SMG), fine-grained (MZ) and mesopolycrystalline (MPC) states, obtained, including by methods of plastic deformation and subsequently subjected to ion implantation. The effect of grain size on the structural-phase state of the titanium alloy surface and mechanical properties is shown.
Numerical Simulation of the Laser Infusion Process of a Ni-Cr-B-Si Cover Strengthened with Zirconium Oxide Particles
Authors: Alisin Valeriy , Roshchin Mikhail N. , Gladyszewski Janusz
Published: July 2021

The issues of the process modeling of wear-resistant covers infusion of the NiCrBSi system, strengthened by the addition of solid powder materials are studied in the article. The results of a numerical study of the effect of heat current and thermophysical properties of materials on the process of heating and infusion of the cover are presented. The statements about the advantages of powders based on ZrO2 are demonstrated. Particular attention is paid to the issue of cracking in the cover after infusion. The assumption is substantiated about the positive effect of the addition of ZrO2 powders on the increase in the crack resistance of the cover.
Theory of Formation of Edge’s Surface Roughness Finished by Radial Polymer-Abrasive Brushes
Authors: Podashev Dmitry
Published: July 2021

Formation of roughness during treatment by polymer-abrasive brushes occurred as a result of interaction of cutting micro-relief with processed surface. The cutting micro-relief of abrasive instrument is described in the form of random process with normal distributional law. When calculation of roughness, the depths of penetration of cutting lugs in processed material as well as regularity of changing of radial radius of rounding of peaks of cutting lugs from modes of treatment are taken into consideration. Set are relations of roughness of processed edge from modes of treatment (deformations of instrument, cutting velocities, feeding) as well as from constituent cutting force. It is proved that usage of polymer-abrasive brushes for rounding of edges faces all requirements of aviation industry on roughness of processed edges.
Solving the Inverse Problem of Recovering the 3D Surface of a Detail According to its 2D Projections in the Modelling of Electroplating Processes
Authors: Solovjeva Inna A. , Solovjev Denis S. , Litovka Yuri V.
Published: July 2021

The article considers the influence of the surface geometry of a detail on the deposition of coating thickness in the simulation of electroplating processes. The methods for obtaining sets of points describing the surface of a detail are analyzed. Solving the inverse problem (recovering the 3D surface of a detail according to its 2D drawings) is the most promising method. The inverse problem solution is decomposed into simpler geometric problems: input data processing; obtaining primitives; obtaining the desired surface of a detail by applying logical operations to primitives. Mathematical statements are formulated and solution algorithms are proposed for solving these problems. The inverse problem solution is implemented through software. The distribution of the nickel coating thickness is shown for a detail, the surface of which is obtained by solving the inverse problem.
Regulation of Rheological Properties of Three-Phase Dispersed Systems Used for the Production of Building Materials
Authors: Belov Vladimir V. , Kuliaev Pavel V.
Published: July 2021

The paper considers the relationship of the rheological properties of three-phase dispersed systems with capillary coupling and, on this basis, substantiates the possibility of directional regulation of the rheological properties of raw materials for the production of building materials. It is shown that the rheological properties of two-phase dispersed systems are determined mainly by the action of intermolecular forces in the liquid-filled contact zones of solid phase particles, and in three-phase systems – by the action of capillary coupling forces.
Obtaining Calcium Sulfoaluminate Using Aluminate Waste
Authors: Burlov Ivan Y. , Zorin Dmitriy A. , Krivoborodov Yury R.
Published: July 2021

In this work, studies have been carried out to replace bauxite with aluminate slags. Compounds of raw mixtures without use of fossil aluminate materials with different gypsum content have been developed. Instability of assimilation of anhydrite into calcium sulphoaluminate has been established. X-ray phase analysis has shown a weak dependence of increase in the firing temperature and increase in the yield of the main mineral C3A3·CŜ. Results of the study allow us to conclude that it is possible to obtain high-quality calcium sulphoaluminate (SAC) based on technogenic aluminate raw material.
Towards the Possibility of Additive Manufacturing of XNA-Based Devices Using Molecular Engineering Principles
Authors: Gradov Oleg V. , Maklakova Irina A. , Gradova Margaret A. , Sergeev Andrey Ivanovich , Naganovskiy Yu.K.
Published: July 2021

This paper considers a novel approach for integration between molecular engineering of XNA-based structures and additive manufacturing of XNA-based devices based on multiparametric characterization of XNAs by different functional descriptors (such as physical properties of XNA-based materials and precursors of XNA-based molecular devices) and the possibility of thermal or electron-beam processing as a prerequisite of the industrial technical process development for such device implementation. This can be performed in the framework of additive manufacturing by connecting the output of the XNA synthesizer or nucleic acid synthesizer with 3D-printer nozzles in such a way that oligos / AGCTX products are supported into the nozzles separately.
Distance mentoring in advanced minimally invasive surgery in the Caribbean
Authors: Cawich Shamir O. , Griffith Sahle P. , Wilson Carlos , Fasioen Patrick , Burgess Philip , Thomas Dexter A. , Mencia Marlon , Pearce Neil , Kluger Michael D. , Naraynsingh Vijay
Published: July 2021

Advanced minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is not universally available in the Anglophone Caribbean, partly due to a shortage of trained laparoscopic surgeons. However, we have witnessed new opportunities for MIS advancement as we enter a period of rapid change in healthcare education. In this paper, we discuss the concept of distance mentoring and the opportunities to promote advanced MIS in the Caribbean. We believe that, if carefully and effectively administered, distance mentoring has the potential for widespread utility, but it requires a change in institutional and medical culture from direct personal training to one that also actively supports distance mentoring.
Fear psychosis for the medical physicists' profession in the worldwide COVID-19 crisis
Authors: Gazi Mahasin , Sarkar Biplab
Published: July 2021

Background:

The coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread over 213 countries around the world and two international conveyances. This has become a cause of public health emergencies as well as a crisis internationally. Realising its deadlier effects the World Health Organisation has already declared this crisis as a pandemic on 11th, March, 2020.

Material and Methods:

Hospitals authority mostly do not provide complete personal protective equipment (PPE) for medical physicists every day as in general, they do not come in direct contact with patients frequently, shortages of PPE and economic barriers.

Results:

In this commentary, we have highlighted different aspects of fear psychosis dominantly acting on medical physicists working in the hospital where both confirmed and suspected COVID-19 patients are being treated during this pandemic. Further, a series of novel methods are proposed to reduce the risk of viral exposure for medical physicist community and other health care workers, and patients.

Conclusion:

In the absence of proper PPE, medical physicists should maintain proper physical distancing along with wearing the available protective devices (gloves and face mask) avoid casual touching of the mouth and nose to reduce the risk of infection.