bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing Use of Linda Mama Boresha Jamii Health Insurance by Expectant Mothers In Trans Nzoia County, Kenya
Authors: Nalwelisie Michael , Mwangi Eunice , Tenambergen Wanja
Published: February 2025

Generally, utilization of maternal and child health insurance around the globe is wanting, and African countries that lie South of the Sahara are the worst affected. Consequently, Kenyan government has established free maternity services (FMS) for all expectant mothers and children under one year. FMS insurance is offered under the brand name Linda Mama Boresha Jamii Insurance (LMBJI). However, access to maternal child health (MCH) services using LMBJI remains wanting in Trans Nzoia County. Based on population and housing census (2009), out of 45,472 estimated deliveries in 2017, only 6453(14%) utilized LBJI insurance service. The broad objective of this study was to establish factors that influence utilization of Linda Mama Boresha Jamii Insurance in Trans Nzoia County. The study adopted a cross-sectional design with mixed data collection methods. The target population was 45,472, and sample comprised 384 mothers and seven nursing services managers operating in the sampled facilities within Trans Nzoia County. Data collection tools were structured questionnaire for the 384 mothers; and a key informant tool for the seven nursing services managers. SPSS was used to analyze quantitative data, while qualitative data was analyzed thematically and presented in verbatim. The regression equation, in a combined relationship of all factors, namely; clients’ characteristics, NHIF scheme characteristics, health facility factors and health workers’ characteristics, indicated a positive effect, and were statistically significant in utilization of MCH services using LMBJI. The study recommended that Trans Nzoia County Government should ensure accessibility to rural health facilities, especially during rainy seasons, by repairing rural access roads; that it should empower women economically by providing enabling environment for them to do business; and that NHIF should adopt a mobile phone application which can allow as many expectant mothers as possible to register into LBJI without necessarily visiting preferred health facilities.
Nutraceutical: New Era of Medicine and Health
Authors: Balasaheb Karpude Miss. Pooja , Lohiya Mr. Gopal , Satpute Dr. Kranti
Published: February 2025

Consumers are deeply concerned about how their health care is managed, administered and priced. They are frustrated with the expensive, high-tech disease treatment approach predominantly in modern medicine. Positioned at the interface between food and drugs, a growing body of products is assuming importance; the consumer is now looking for complementary or alternative beneficial products and that's why nowadays they are using nutraceuticals. Nutraceutical have received considerable interest because of their presumed safety. Nutraceutical s are food or part of food that provides medical or health benefits including the prevention and/or treatment of a disease. These pharmaceuticals help in combating some of the major health problems of the century such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, osteoporosis, arthritis, diabetes, cholesterol etc. Nutraceutical has advantage over the medicine because they avoid side effect, have naturally dietary supplement, etc. This article may act as a tool to abreast with the recent developments in nutraceutical research.
The School as a Multi-layered Platform for Learning and a Community Demonstration Centre
Authors: ZINHU RUTENDO S , MALINGANISO MARLVIN S , KABAIRA LINDA
Published: February 2025

The Zimbabwean education system has gone through various reforms in search of frameworks that can inspire socio-economic growth as poor economic performance had crippled the country. There is increasing disapproval over the pertinence of education currently given to students. There is need to produce learners who are problem-solving, prepared for sustainable development and enterprising, who contribute to their country’s growth. The article explores and discusses the argument that due to the increase in underdevelopment and societal problems, which include poverty and hyper-unemployment, particularly in Africa, the school should be a focal point for the plan of action and a demonstration centre for the community. The study is a qualitative study with a desktop research approach. The study revealed that the school is a multi-layered platform that can echo resistance of the oppressed masses as a community centre for demonstration in this case, decoloniality and Africanisation of the education sector. The study reveals that the school can be a platform for learning through Education 5.0, that has served as a learning method towards innovation and industrialisation, creating graduate attributes and students that can create than seeking employment. The study concludes that the school system remains both a key to learning and demonstration through liberation of the oppressed minds and suppressed histories.
Wdrożenie pakietu CRDIV/CRR do prawa polskiego
Authors: Bryl Kiinga
Published: February 2025

Przedmiotem publikacji jest ustawa z dnia 5 sierpnia 2015 r. o nadzorze makroostrożnościowym nad systemem finansowym i zarządzaniu kryzysowym w systemie finansowym (Dz.U. poz. 1513), która zawiera przepisy zakładające wdrożenie pakietu CRDIV/CRR do prawa polskiego poprzez transpozycję dyrektywy Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady 2013/36/UE z dnia 26 czerwca 2013 r. w sprawie warunków dopuszczenia instytucji kredytowych do działalności oraz nadzoru ostrożnościowego nad instytucjami kredytowymi i firmami inwestycyjnymi, zmieniającej dyrektywę 2002/87/WE i uchylającej dyrektywy 2006/48/WE oraz 2006/49/WE (Dz. Urz. UE L 176 z 27.06. 2013 r., s. 338, z późn. zm.) (dalej: CRDIV), oraz wdraża w koniecznym zakresie przepisy rozporządzenia Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady (UE) nr 575/2013 z dnia 26 czerwca 2013 r. w sprawie wymogów ostrożnościowych dla instytucji kredytowych i firm inwestycyjnych, zmieniające rozporządzenie (UE) nr 648/2012 (Dz. Urz. UE L 176 z 27.06.2013 r., s. 1, z późn. zm.) (dalej: CRR).
Granice zakresu uprawnień kontrolnych Komisji Europejskiej w świetle najnowszego orzecznictwa Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Michałek-Gervais Marta
Published: February 2025

Artykuł analizuje wybrane granice uprawnień kontrolnych Komisji w świetle najnowszego orzecznictwa Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej, tj. spraw Nexans i Deutsche Bahn. Autorka analizuje obowiązek uzasadniania decyzji zarządzających inspekcje, kwestie problematyczne związane z nadużyciem uprawnień kontrolnych Komisji (fishing expeditions czy praktyka kopiowania całości nośników danych elektronicznych w celu ich późniejszego przeszukania w siedzibie Komisji) oraz problematykę skutków przekroczenia przez Komisję granic swoich uprawnień kontrolnych. W ramach podsumowania przedstawione są postulaty zmian zmierzających do wzmocnienia pewności prawnej i ochrony praw przedsiębiorców.
Wybrane aspekty dotyczące formy prawnej i własnościowej operatora systemu przesyłowego w Polsce na przykładzie Polskich Sieci Elektroenergetycznych S.A.
Authors:   Wydział Prawa i Administracji w Katedrze Prawa Gospodarczego Publicznego Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Radziński Mateusz
Published: February 2025

Celem artykułu jest analiza formy prawnej i własnościowej operatora systemu przesyłowego elektroenergetycznego (OSPe) w Polsce, m.in. w kontekście niezależności OSP, której granice wyznaczają zasady związane z rozdziałem właścicielskim.
Analiza problemów związanych z regulacją relacji pomiędzy dostawcami produktów spożywczych i rolnych a sieciami handlowymi na podstawie rozwiązań zaproponowanych w projekcie ustawy PSL o nieuczciwych praktykach rynkowych
Authors: Affre Joanna , Skołubowicz Piotr
Published: February 2025

Artykuł zawiera ocenę rozwiązań zaproponowanych w złożonym w poprzedniej kadencji Sejmu przez grupę posłów PSL projekcie ustawy o zwalczaniu nieuczciwych praktyk rynkowych przedsiębiorców zajmujących się obrotem produktami spożywczymi lub rolnymi wobec dostawców tych produktów. Autorzy krytycznie oceniają zaproponowaną regulację jako źle zredagowaną, oderwaną od obecnych rozwiązań i stanowiącą próbę odgórnego sterowania procesem zawierania umów w sektorze handlu produktami rolnymi i spożywczymi. Kolejno opisane zostały poszczególne „nieuczciwe praktyki rynkowe”, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem ujętej w nowy sposób kwestii zakazu pobierania opłat półkowych. Autorzy analizują także zaproponowaną procedurę stosowania tych przepisów, wskazując na zagrożenie dla równości stron w postępowaniu (kwestia przerzucenia ciężaru dowodu) i sprawności funkcjonowania UOKiK (ustanowienie trybu wnioskowego postępowania). Artykuł kwestionuje również konstytucyjność rozwiązań zawartych w projekcie ustawy.
Can the use of marlin fish by-product meal affect the performances of broiler chickens and the economic value of production?
Authors: Zulfan Zulfan , Allaily Allaily , Armya Yaser , Fitri Cut Aida Fitri , Jeksi Sri , Primasari Rizka , KN Afriyandi
Published: February 2025

Exploring fish cutting discards, for instance, marlin fish (Makaira indica) originated from traditional fish markets, may provide a product of fish meal at a cheaper price. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and economic value of broiler chickens fed the commercial diet, of which 20% were substituted with a mixture feed containing marlin fish by-product meal (MFM) or commercial local fish meal (CFM) in 4 and 8% of inclusion. This study used 100 broiler chickens of strain MB202 in mixed batches. The study was performed in a completely randomized design consisting of five treatments, four replications, and five birds per experimental unit with the treatments: control (C) = 100% commercial diet (CD); CFM4 = 80% CD + 20% mixture feed with 4% CFM; CFM8 = 80% CD + 20% mixture feed with 8% CFM; MFM4 = 80% CD + 20% mixture feed with 4% MFM; and MFM8 = 80% CD + 20% mixture feed with 8% MFM. The results of this study showed that raising broilers fed the diet containing 4% MFM vs. 4% CFM for up to 35 days-old did not show the significant differences (p > 0.05) of all performance parameters. However, at the level of 8%, final body weight and daily body weight gain were significantly higher (p < 0.05) and feed conversion ratio was significantly better (p < 0.05) in MFM than in CFM-based diets. Protein efficiency ratio was very significantly higher (p < 0.01) in MFM than in CFM-based diets. Using MFM in broiler diet declined feed cost and increased income over feed costs, with the best economic receiving at 8% usage of MFM. In conclusion, using MFM in the diet resulted in better  performances of broiler chickens and generated better economic value of production compared to using CFM.
Vital state of plantings along Karl Liebknecht Street in Yoshkar-Ola
Authors: Mukhametova Svetlana Valeryevna , Kurnenkova Irina Pavlovna , Ignatova Olga Ivanovna
Published: February 2025

The street greening is a means of improving the urban environment and is of great ecological importance. At the same time, anthropogenic stress leads to a decrease in the living condition of plantings and their resistance to adverse factors of the urban environment, including pathogens and pests. The presented study provides the vital condition analysis of woody plants growing along Karl Liebknecht Street in Yoshkar-Ola (Mari El Republic) in 2024. The object of the study was plantings on landscaping strips along the roadway. The sanitary condition was assessed according to the 5-point scale given in the Rules of Sanitary Safety in Forests (2020). The main part of the plants (87%) belongs to the second category of sanitary condition. 28 dead specimens (3%) were found, they must be removed and replaced with new plants. In general, the living condition of the studied plantings at this facility is assessed as weakened, which indicates a good environmental situation on K. Liebknecht Street. The most frequent damage to tree trunks are gnarled hollows and deadwood, various species of aphids are most widespread on the leaf apparatus. A negative fact is the forced pruning of birch trees located under power lines because it negatively affects the vital condition of plants and reduces decorative effect. Rowan plantations are severely weakened, and the condition of maples, apple trees, and lime trees is slightly better. The shrubs on the surveyed street are generally in better condition than the trees. It is necessary to carry out agrotechnical measures for the care of plantings to increase their viability. Studies of plantings condition of K. Liebknecht Street were conducted for the first time, in the future similar studies will be carried out on other streets of the city.
Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Examination of Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Ningsih Ika , Safrullah Muhammad Iqbal ,   Magister of Biomedical Science Programme, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia
Published: February 2025

Corynebacterium diphtheriae is a rod-shaped bacterium, Gram-positive (purple), growth requires the presence of oxygen or can live with oxygen or without oxygen, nonmotile, non-capsular, non-sporing, catalase positive. Most species ferment carbohydrates such as fructose, galactose, glucose, maltose, and mannose and produce an exotoxin called diphtheria toxin (DT) which can cause diphtheria, a respiratory infection characterized by sore throat and the production of a thick layer / gray pseudomembrane and generally affects children aged 15 years and under and is very vulnerable in people who are not immunized and in low immune systems. Diphtheria is a dangerous and life-threatening disease if not detected early, so clinical diagnosis must be made immediately. Therefore, clinical diagnosis methods must be supported by laboratory examinations to detect the bacteria. Examinations that can be performed for the diagnosis of bacteria of the genus Corynebacterium include culture examination on growth media, toxicity test/toxin identification, serology test, histology examination and imaging test, biomarker test, and PCR (Polymerase Chain-Reaction) test.
LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE ON GUIDE SIGNS IN PUBLIC SPACES OF EXPO 2020 DUBAI, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
Authors:   Universitas Indonesia, Fadhillah Afifah , Triwinarti Wiwin ,   Universitas Indonesia
Published: February 2025

This paper analyzes the linguistic landscape on the guide signs in the public spaces of Expo 2020 Dubai, United Arab Emirates, attended by 192 countries worldwide from October 1, 2021, to March 31, 2022. Dubai, UAE's position as the organizer of Expo 2020 Dubai influences language policy in creating a linguistic landscape situation in a location filled with visitors from various national, linguistic, and cultural backgrounds. This study aims to find out how and what is the background of LL in terms of language in the instructions in public spaces at Expo 2020 Dubai using qualitative methods. The researcher uses Landry and Bourhis's (1997) Linguistic Landscape theory. The results of this study indicate that the LL at Expo 2020 Dubai is filled with Arabic and English, which have informational and symbolic functions. The UAE uses Arabic to show its national identity to the international sphere at Expo 2020 Dubai, which communicates in English. This article can be helpful as a new reference or library for readers to increase their knowledge of linguistic landscape studies in Arab countries, especially Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Effectiveness of Using Soft Exosuit in Stroke Case to Improve Walking Speed And Endurance
Authors:   Universitas Indonesia, Pratama Aditya Denny , Widyadhana Rakha Shidqi ,   Universitas Indonesia
Published: February 2025

Stroke is a clinically defined syndrome of acute, focal nerve discharge caused by vascular injury (infarction, hemorrhage) of the central nervous system. Punches can cause damage to the brain and affect a person's ability to walk, balance and coordinate movements. Impaired gait is common in stroke cases, often resulting in poor recovery of mobility and inability to carry out daily activities without assistance. One of the interventions that can be used is a soft exosuit. This method can help overcome walking problems in stroke patients where soft exosuits are used to increase walking speed and walking endurance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of giving a soft exosuit to stroke patients to improve gait speed and gait endurance This research is a literature review study in narrative form, in which 6 articles were found that were reviewed after searching and searching four databases. The results of the review found that 40 patients with a 6MWT score of 0.5 m/s aged >55 years were given intervention in the form of exo gait training with a frequency of 5 times/week. After 8 weeks of intervention, evaluation data analysis found an increase in walking speed in stroke patients. Based on the results of this review, it can be interpreted that the soft exosuit provides a physiological effect that is in accordance with the stroke conditions of patients with walking disorders so that it can be used as an additional intervention option to improve speed and gait endurance.
Cross-Generational Perception Analysis of the Role of Sharia Economics in Reducing Social Inequality in Jakarta (Case Study of Gen Z, Gen Y, Gen X, and Early Gen X)
Authors:   Faculty of Economics and Business, Al Azhar University Indonesia, Hadi Kuncoro , Nuraini Nuraini ,   Faculty of Medicine, Prof. Dr. Hamka Muhammadiyah University, Indonesia
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze cross-generational perceptions of the role of Islamic economics in reducing social inequality in Jakarta. Using a quantitative approach, this study collected data from 994 respondents divided into four age groups (18-25 years, 26-35 years, 36-45 years, and 46-55 years). Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test to evaluate differences in perceptions between age groups on the basic principles of Islamic economics, the fairness of the system, and the effectiveness of its implementation. The results showed significant differences in understanding and perception between age groups, with 26-35 years old having the highest level of understanding. The findings provide important insights for policymakers to design more inclusive education strategies and improve the implementation of Islamic economics in urban communities. This research makes a novel contribution to the literature on Islamic economics by integrating cross-generational analysis in the context of reducing social inequality.
Scheme for the Development of Sharia-Compliant Financial Inclusion for Farmers on Dryland Area through the Optimization of Biological Assets
Authors:   Universitas Indonesia, Rakhman Kartika Nur , Fatwa Nur ,   Universitas Indonesia
Published: February 2025

Farmers in the Gunungkidul Regency are mostly categorized as impoverished. Resource constraints make it challenging for them to progress. One of the problems they face is the lack of capital for their businesses and daily needs. To meet these needs, they often resort to borrowing from loan sharks. This occurs partly due to the absence of assets they can use to access financing from Sharia-compliant financial institutions. This research aimed to assess the feasibility of biological assets, particularly teak trees (Tectona grandis), to be accepted as collateral in Sharia-compliant financing. Additionally, this study aimed to provide an alternative for developing Sharia-compliant financial inclusion in Indonesia. The research employed financial inclusion theory and biological asset appraisal methods using the IRR and NPV formulas. The IRR and NPV calculations revealed that biological assets, such as teak trees, can serve as an alternative for promoting Sharia-compliant financial inclusion in the Gunungkidul regency. Moreover, teak trees are suitable collateral for farmers seeking financing from Sharia-compliant financial institutions. The research results indicated that teak trees can be incorporated into Sharia-compliant financing schemes, such as Rahn and Mudarabah. This study is expected to enhance Sharia-compliant financial inclusion, as, until now, Sharia-compliant financial institutions have not included the potential of biological assets, particularly teak trees, as acceptable collateral in their financing practices.
Cultural Adaptation and Environmental Challenges: A Case Study of Nubian Communities in Egypt through the Lens of Cultural Ecology Theory
Authors:   Universitas Gadjah Mada, Wicaksono Imam , alGayyar Sherif Sa’ad ,   Beni Suef University, Mohammad Hassan Ahmed Hassan ,   Al-Azhar University, Egypt
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study is to investigate how the ecological changes brought about by the building of the Aswan Dam have affected the Nubian community's social structure, cultural identity, and coping mechanisms. The study emphasizes how important it is to comprehend how people interact with their surroundings considering modernization, which frequently jeopardizes the viability of regional customs. In addition to a literature review approach, a thematic analysis grounded in Julian Steward's cultural ecology theory—which highlights how societies adjust to changes in their physical surroundings—was used. The results show that ecological changes have profoundly impacted the Nubian people's cultural rites, cooperative social structures, and traditional farming methods. In response to these constraints, the Nubian community has adopted adaptive tactics to sustain its livelihoods, such as diversifying its economy, preserving its indigenous customs and the arts, and incorporating contemporary technologies. This work makes a theoretical contribution by extending the application of cultural ecology theory to the setting of modernization that upends regional customs and cultures. It also offers useful ramifications for formulating policies that combine sustainable and interconnected natural resource management with the preservation of regional culture.
Reconstructing the phylogeny and evolutionary history of freshwater fishes (Nemacheilidae) across Eurasia since early Eocene
Authors: Šlechtová Vendula , Dvořák Tomáš , Freyhof Jörg , Kottelat Maurice , Levin Boris , Golubtsov Alexander , Šlechta Vlastimil , Bohlen Jörg
Published: February 2025

Eurasia has undergone substantial tectonic, geological, and climatic changes throughout the Cenozoic era, primarily associated with tectonic plate collisions and a global cooling trend. The evolution of present-day biodiversity unfolded in this dynamic environment, characterised by intricate interactions of abiotic factors. However, comprehensive, large-scale reconstructions illustrating the extent of these influences are lacking. We reconstructed the evolutionary history of the freshwater fish family Nemacheilidae across Eurasia and spanning most of the Cenozoic era on the base of 471 specimens representing 279 species and 37 genera. Molecular phylogeny using 6 genes uncovered six major clades within the family, along with numerous unresolved taxonomic issues. Dating of cladogenetic events and ancestral range estimation traced the origin of Nemacheilidae to Indochina around 48 million years ago. Subsequently, one branch of Nemacheilidae colonised eastern, central, and northern Asia, as well as Europe, while another branch expanded into the Burmese region, the Indian subcontinent, the Near East, and northeast Africa. These expansions were facilitated by tectonic connections, favourable climatic conditions, and orogenic processes. Conversely, aridification emerged as the primary cause of extinction events. Our study marks the first comprehensive reconstruction of the evolution of Eurasian freshwater biodiversity on a continental scale and across deep geological time.
Highly sensitive in vivo detection of dynamic changes in enkephalins following acute stress
Authors: Mikati Marwa O , Erdmann-Gilmore Petra , Connors Rose , Conway Sineadh M , Malone Jim , Woods Justin , Sprung Robert W , Townsend R Reid , Al-Hasani Ream
Published: February 2025

Enkephalins are opioid peptides that modulate analgesia, reward, and stress.
In vivo
detection of enkephalins remains difficult due to transient and low endogenous concentrations and inherent sequence similarity. To begin to address this we previously developed a system combining in vivo optogenetics with microdialysis and a highly sensitive mass spectrometry-based assay to measure opioid peptide release in freely moving rodents (Al-Hasani, 2018, eLife). Here we show improved detection resolution and stabilization of enkephalin detection, which allowed us to investigate enkephalin release during acute stress. We present an analytical method for real-time, simultaneous detection of Met- and Leu-Enkephalin (Met-Enk & Leu-Enk) in the mouse Nucleus Accumbens shell (NAcSh) after acute stress. We confirm that acute stress activates enkephalinergic neurons in the NAcSh using fiber photometry and that this leads to the release of Met- and Leu-Enk. We also demonstrate the dynamics of Met- and Leu-Enk release as well as how they correlate to one another in the ventral NAc shell, which was previously difficult due to the use of approaches that relied on mRNA transcript levels rather than post-translational products. This approach increases spatiotemporal resolution, optimizes the detection of Met-Enkephalin through methionine oxidation, and provides novel insight into the relationship between Met- and Leu-Enkephalin following stress.
Automated essay scoring with SBERT embeddings and LSTM-Attention networks
Authors: Nie Yuzhe
Published: February 2025

Automated essay scoring (AES) is essential in the field of educational technology, providing rapid and accurate evaluations of student writing. This study presents an innovative AES method that integrates Sentence-BERT (SBERT) with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks and attention mechanisms to improve the scoring process. SBERT generates embedding vectors for each essay, which are subsequently analyzed using a bidirectional LSTM (BiLSTM) to learn the features of these embedding vectors. An attention layer is introduced to enable the system to prioritize the most significant components of the essay. Evaluated using a benchmark dataset, our approach shows significant improvements in scoring accuracy, highlighting its ability to improve the reliability and efficiency of automated assessment systems.
A user-embedded temporal attention neural network for IoT trajectories prediction
Authors: Feng Dongdong , Li Siyao , Xiang Yong , Zheng Jiahuan
Published: February 2025

Over the past two decades, sequential recommendation systems have garnered significant research interest, driven by their potential applications in personalized product recommendations. In this article, we seek to explicitly model an algorithm based on Internet of Things (IoT) data to predict the next cell reached by the user equipment (UE). This algorithm exploits UE embedding and cell embedding combining the visit time interval information, and uses sliding window sampling to process more UE trajectory data. Furthermore, we use the attention mechanism, removed the query matrix operation and the attention mask, to obtain key information in data and reduce the number of parameters to speed up training. In the prediction layer, combining the positive and negative sampling and computing cross entropy loss also provides assistance to increase the precision and dependability of the entire model. We take the six adjacent cells of the current cell as candidates due to the limitation of the space problem, from which we predict the next destination cell of track movement. Extensive empirical study shows the recall of our algorithm reaches 0.5766, which infers the optimal result and high performance of our model.
Factors Influencing the Low Enrolment of King Abdulaziz University Engineering Students in Nuclear Engineering: Fears and Assurances
Authors: Oraby. K. K. , Mahmoud S. S. , Al-Enezi N. A.
Published: February 2025

The continuous increase in Co2 emissions in the atmosphere calls for instant response to find better alternatives for fossil fuels. Nuclear energy as carbon free energy might be one of the best alternatives. Unfortunately, some of King Abdelaziz University (KAU) students are unwilling to join nuclear engineering for different reasons. Aim:  This study is of great importance as it is meant to motivate KAU students to enroll in nuclear engineering NE as the most promising field. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is heading towards decarbonated industry and signed global agreements with this regard. Sample: The sample of the study was prep. year engineering students at King Abdulaziz university in 2024/25. Methodology: To conduct this study, the researchers used quantitative and qualitative research procedures. They designed a questionnaire to inform students about the importance of NE and to investigate the reasons behind students’ reluctance to join NE; in addition to finding ways to motivate and convince KAU students that NE is one of the best choices currently. In order to know the reasons for students’ reluctance from the instructors’ perspective, the researchers interviewed three PhD holders in NE from the NE department at KAU. Results: The findings of the study detected lack of awareness among the students with regard to the importance of NE. This was apparent in the bar charts where “I don’t know” bars are almost similar to “Agree”.  It was also clear that students still have the traditional image that nuclear power is only associated with devastation and those who deal with this field will end up either handicapped or having permanent disability.  Conclusion: The study recommended that schools, universities, and other related institutions should spread the awareness that nuclear energy is safe to deal with, job promising, and it is the future for low or zero emissions.
Teachers’ Competency of ICT Integration in Teaching Elementary Teachers in Flora District
Authors: Cabansag Mariemae O.
Published: February 2025

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the socio-demographic profiles and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) competencies of elementary teachers in the Flora District. The research sought to identify the extent to which teachers integrate ICT into their teaching practices and the associated challenges they face.
Methods: A descriptive survey methodology was utilized, involving the administration of questionnaires to a sample of elementary teachers. The survey collected data on teachers' demographic information, ICT skills, and their frequency of integrating technology into teaching. Statistical analysis was performed to interpret the results.
Major Findings: The findings indicated that a majority of the respondents had a high level of ICT competency, particularly in using word processing applications such as Microsoft Word. Specifically, teachers reported strong agreements on their ability to create, edit, and format documents, achieving an average competency rating of 4.39. However, challenges were noted, particularly related to limited resources, such as insufficient internet connectivity. Nowadays the use of smart phones and installed app supports MS excel and powerpoint to do and prepare works related to teaching outdated equipment.
Conclusions: The study concluded that while elementary teachers in Flora District in Apayao possess commendable ICT competencies, there remains a significant gap in resource availability that hinders optimal integration of technology in teaching. Professional development programs focused on enhancing ICT skills and improving resource allocation are recommended to further support teachers in creating enriched learning environments. This research underscores the critical need for ongoing support and training for educators in the digital age to foster a technology-enhanced educational experience for students.
Organo-somatic Index and Condition Factor of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Sub-adult Exposed to Sub-lethal Concentrations of Gold Crew Oil Spill Dispersant
Authors: O. T. Lazarus, , D Amachree, , A Green, , C Wala,
Published: February 2025

Organosomatic index and condition factor of fish is one way to assess the general health of fish and monitor the influence of environmental factors on fish. The organosomatic index and condition factor of Clarias gariepinus exposed to sub-lethal concentration (0.0ml/L (control), 0.075ml/l, 0.15ml/L, 0.3ml/L and 0.6ml/L) of gold crew oil spill dispersant was conducted over a two-week period. Ten fish (three replicates) were kept in a static renewal state for two weeks in a row and the liver, spleen, heart, gonad and viscera were excised on a weekly basis and weighed using a digital weighing scale, before the excision of the organs the fishes were first weighed and the length taken in cm. Physical and chemical parameters of the test medium was also conducted in-situ using a multi-parameter checker (Extech DO 700).Results for physicochemical variables revealed values for; temperature;  week 1; 28.30°C (0.15ml/L ) - 27.20°C(0.0ml/L), week    2; 26.00°C (0.0ml/L,0.075ml/ and 0.3ml/L) -25.67°C (0.15ml/L and 0.6ml/L) , pH; week 1 ; 4.82(0.15ml/L) -4.06 (0.0ml/L), week 2: 7.38 (0.0ml/L) -5.94 (0.6ml/L), DO; week 1: 6.12mg/l(0.0ml/L) -5.00mg/l (0.15ml/L, 0.3ml/L and 0.6ml/L), week 2: 6.01mg/l (0.0ml/L) – 4.93mg/l (0.3ml/L), TDS: week 1 89.00mg/l(0.6ml/L)-154.00mg/l(0.3ml/L), EC: week 1: 188.33 µs/cm (0.6ml/L) - 166.33 µs/cm (0.0ml/L), week 2: 357.67 µs/cm (0.0ml/L) - 238.67 µs/cm (0.075ml/L). Results for organosomatic index revealed values for; HSI; week 1; 0.41 (0.0ml/L) - 2.52 (0.15ml/L), week 2;  0.93(0.075ml/l)  –  1.52 (0.6ml/L); GSI; week 1; 1.58 (0.6ml/L) – 3.83 (0.15ml/L), week 2; 1.11 (0.0ml/L) – 4.66 (0.6ml/L), VSI; week 1; 2.91(0.6ml/L) – 3.70(0.15ml/L), week 2; 1.50 (0.0ml/L) – 4.33(0.6ml/L), SSI; week 1; 0.11(0.0ml/L) – 0.24 (0.15ml/L), week 2; 0.06(0.15ml/L) – 0.15(0.3ml/L), CSI; 0.07(0.3ml/L) – 0.16(0.075ml/L and 0.15ml/L), week 2; 0.11(0.0ml/L) – 0.19(0.6ml/L). Condition factor values revealed results for; week 1; 0.57(0.15ml/L) – 1.00(0.0ml/L), week 2; 0.71 (0.3ml/L) – 1.05 (0.075ml/L) depicting poor physiological condition for fishes in the treatment group. There is therefore urgent need for public awareness campaigns to educate communities about the risks associated with the dispersant use and the importance of minimizing their environmental footprint.
A Review on the Role of Probiotics in Aquaculture Production and their Future in Tropical Environments
Authors: Kolndadacha Oscar Dahenji , Omeje Victor Okonkwo , Clement Orgem , Lawrence Ude, Terlumun
Published: February 2025

This review explores the potential of probiotics in enhancing fish production in tropical environments, characterized by high temperatures, humidity, and year-round precipitation, which covers about 36% of the world's land, where fish production activities as a global enterprise are fully based. Aquaculture is commonly referred to as fish farming because fish farming is the principal form of aquaculture which implies some sort of intervention in the rearing process to enhance production processes such as regular stocking, feeding, and protection from diseases and predators. The value or contribution of aquaculture to the globe cannot be over-emphasized in terms of the provision of animal protein, propagation of the desired species of fish, Aquaculture, the method of fish farming, plays a crucial role in providing animal protein, essential fatty acids (omega-3 and omega-6), and other health benefits while supporting global food security. This review revealed that one of the most significant technologies that evolved in response to successful aquaculture production and disease control problems is the use of beneficial bacteria (probiotics) which have been considered a valid alternative to prophylactic use of antibiotics with fast growth promotion of the aquatic animals. Effects of probiotics on the environmental temperature, immune modulations of aquatic animals, production, and reproductive performances such as good hatchability and survivability in fish production including Catfish (Heterobranchus dorsals), Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), Carp (Cyprinus carpio) production and Stress tolerance responses to environmental factors have been reviewed. This work highlighted the extent of success and contribution of probiotics in the tropical environment.
Trends in Viral Load Suppression among Adults on ART: A Five-Year Retrospective Study in North-central Nigeria
Authors: Bem Tar , Nnaemeka Nwagbo Ambrose , Kelechi Ngwoke , Chukwudimma Okwudili Chiedu
Published: February 2025

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the trends in viral load suppression among adults on ART: a five-year retrospective study in North central Nigeria, since Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has claimed the lives of many people globally and impacted negatively on the health care system especially in Nigeria. The viral load detection on HIV patient is a good standard for checking compliance and effectiveness of antiretroviral drugs.
Purpose of the Study: The main purpose of this study was to determine the viral load suppression, clinical characteristics and factors associated with viral load suppression.
Study Design:  A retrospective cross-sectional study
Place and Duration of the Study: The study was carried out at Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi, Benue State, North Central-Nigeria from January 2020 to December 2024.
Methodology: Data was collected based on Secondary data abstraction on all HIV positive patients attending clinic at sexually transmitted infectious clinic at Federal Medical centre Makurdi, North Centre Nigeria.  A total of 9727 HIV positive patients were retrieved and information on sociodemographic charactereristics, viral loads, clinical characteristics, duration of antiretroviral therapy, first CD4 counts and associated factors that favored viral load suppression were obtained and recorded. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) Version 23.
Results: The results showed that age of patients ranges from 18years to above 65 years. The mean years was 46.69 + 10.89 years. However, the age ranges between 38-47years had the highest frequency of viral load suppression (38.7%). Also based on sex, female had better viral load suppression when compared to their male counterparts (70.8%). On educational qualification patients with secondary educational qualifications had better viral load suppression when compared to the other levels of educational qualifications (38.7%). Also, patients with first line regimen had their better viral load suppression when compared to those on second line (93.4%). Two thirds of the patients on antiretroviral therapy for at least ten years and above had more viral load suppression when compared to those less than ten years on ART (65%). About half of the patients who had first CD4 count <500 copies/ml, had better viral load suppression compared to those who had first CD4 count >500 copies/ml (52.5%). The highest prevalence of viral load suppression (100%) was seen in those patients aged 78 years and above, and was statistically significant (p<0.001). The female patients had higher prevalence (97.3%) of viral load suppression when compared to their male counterparts who had viral load suppression of 95.7%, which was statistically significant (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The age, sex, first line regimen and duration on ART were identified as independent predictors of viral load suppression.
Optimizing Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Productivity and Quality through Integrated Nitrogen and Sulphur Management under Semi-arid Conditions of Rajasthan, India
Authors: Yadav Seema , Yadav S. S. , Choudhary Santosh , Dhakar Devilal , Yadav L. R. , Kumar Arun
Published: February 2025

A field experiment was conducted under loamy sand soil during kharif 2020 and 2021 at Agronomy farm, S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner. The treatments comprising seven integrated nutrient management practices (control, 100% RDN, 100% RDN through FYM, 100% RDN through vermicompost, 50% RDN + 50% N through FYM, 50% RDN + 50% N through vermicompost and 50% N through FYM + 50% N through vermicompost) and four levels of sulphur (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg/ha) assigned respectively to main and sub plots were replicated thrice in split plot design. Result revealed that different integrated nitrogen management practices had a significant effect on seed yield, nutrient concentration and uptake of sesame. Application of 50% RDN + 50% N through vermicompost (N5) and 50% RDN + 50% N through FYM (N4), were the most superior and equally effective in enhancing these parameters among all the treatments. The maximum seed yield (799 kg/ha) was obtained under 50% RDN + 50% N through vermicompost treatment. Producing the seed and stalk yields of 756 and 2329 kg/ha, application of 50% RDN + 50% N through FYM was found equally effective. Results further showed that 50% RDN + 50% N through vermicompost and 50% RDN + 50% N through FYM were significantly better and statistically similar in enhancing N, P, K and S concentration and their uptake and protein and oil content in seed.  Further, it was revealed that progressive increase in sulphur fertilization significantly improved the yield and nutrient uptake in sesame. Addition of 40kg sulphur resulted in increment of about 24.1 and 33.0 percent in seed and stalk yield, respectively over control viz-a-viz enhancing nutrient uptake by sesame. However, treatment receiving 60 kg S/ha showed higher but statistically similar results as that of treatment receiving 40 kg S/ha. Maximum values of N, P and S contents in soil after harvest were recorded at 60 kg S/ha with 40 kg S/ha being statistical at par.
Advancements in Precision Farming: Enhancing Agricultural Sustainability through Technology – A Review
Authors: Yadav Ravina , Yadav Shivam , Krishna  , Devi Geeta , Jyoti
Published: February 2025

Precision Farming (PF), often referred to as Precision Agriculture (PA) or Site-Specific Land Management (SSLM), is a result of significant knowledge in crop and soil management and advances in agricultural technology. Using a variety of methods, including as GPS, GIS, Remote Sensing, Yield Monitoring, Variable Rate Application, Yield Mapping, and the creation of Site-Specific Management Zones (SSMZ), this novel strategy aims to increase soil and crop productivity while reducing effort and expenses. SSMZ is essential for efficient PF because it enhances soil function management by accurately evaluating crop and soil attributes. Beyond conventional techniques, enhanced land management depends on accurate mapping of crop characteristics and soil variability. For effective soil analysis, grid soil sampling which separates fields into square cells is crucial. To save expenses and enhance management zone demarcation, recent research has also used sensors to assess soil characteristics. SSMZ maps, which give farmers important information for improving their operations, can be produced from a variety of sources, including topographic, yield, soil, and nutrient maps, or from specific data layers. minimising expenses, raising farm profitability, and minimising environmental hazards like desertification all depend on improving soil and agricultural productivity. More sustainable agriculture results from precision farming, which increases agricultural yields while using less resources. By supplying reasonably priced, superior produce, it benefits society by lowering environmental impact, lowering farmer expenses, and ensuring food security. The long-term viability of farming systems is supported by increased yields and reduced ecological impacts brought about by sustainable agriculture methods and better soil health.
Effect of Multiple Acceptor Structures in Electron Transport Materials on Operational Lifetime of Blue Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Kiriyama Shione , Mamada Masashi , Goushi Kenichi , Madushani Bhagya , Hatakeyama Takuji , Adachi Chihaya
Published: April 2024

Recent advances in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF)‐assisted fluorescence (TAF) attest to the great promise of this technology in practical use. However, the simultaneous realization of high efficiency and device durability in blue OLEDs remains a significant challenge. Clarification of the degradation mechanisms correlated to molecular structure and device configuration is the key to extending the device lifetime. In this study, electron transport materials incorporating two triazine units in close proximity are adopted to use in hole‐blocking and electron‐transporting layers, resulting in superior device performances. In addition, a modified photodegradation experiment reveals that the degradation origins closely relate to charge carriers. The optimization of the device according to the obtained findings leads to 4.5 times extension in the lifetime of the TAF‐OLED using a multiple resonance emitter. These results also provide guidelines for designing robust electron transport materials for blue OLEDs.
Synergistic Effects of Confinement Structure and Local‐Expanded Interlayer Spacing in Fe2Mo3O8@C@MoS2 Toward High‐Efficient Sodium Ion Storage
Authors: Tang Yifan , Li Guochang , Cui Shuangxing , Cui Wan , Chong Hui , Han Lei , Pang Huan
Published: April 2024

Developing multicomponent composite materials with delicate morphology and tailored structure is of vital importance for designing advanced sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). Herein, a confinement‐structured Fe2Mo3O8@C@MoS2 with local‐expanded interlayer spacing is designed via high‐temperature phase transition from FeMoO4 to Fe2Mo3O8 and the tactically introducing dopamine molecules into the interlayer of MoS2 nanosheets. By analysis of the in situ generated solid electrolyte interphase film in different electrolytes, the favorable compatibility of Fe2Mo3O8@C@MoS2 in ether‐based electrolytes is well illustrated. Importantly, the sodium storage mechanism and detailed structural evolution of Fe2Mo3O8 are established for the first time by in situ X‐ray diffraction. Furthermore, theoretical calculations indicate the unique structure facilitates internal charge transfer and enhances Na+ adsorption ability. Thanks to the unique confinement structure, local‐expanded interlayers and robust framework, the Fe2Mo3O8@C@MoS2 composite achieves a high reversible specific capacity of 636 mAh g‒1 at 0.1 A g‒1, excellent rate capability (301 mAh g‒1 at 5.0 A g‒1) and ultralong cycling stability (365 mAh g–1 after 6000 cycles at 2.0 A g–1). The study provides an essential understanding of the Na storage mechanism of Fe2Mo3O8 and a promising strategy for constructing high‐performance anodes for SIBs.