bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Production and Characterization of Extracellular Polysaccharide from Anoxybacillus flavithermus AAG-61 with Resistance to Sulfamethoxazole and Ofloxacin
Authors: Genc Berna ,   Department of Genetic and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Life Sciences, Gumushane University, 29100, Gumushane, Turkey
Published: August 2024

Extracellular polysaccharide producers from Kursunlu (Manisa) thermal spring were identified and a total of nine isolates were selected. One isolate was selected based on its strong mucoid structure and identified as Anoxybacillus flavithermus (AAG61) by MALDI-TOF MS. A. flavithermus AAG-61 had multiple antibiotic resistance to both Sulfamethoxazole, and Ofloxacin. The polysaccharide produced by A. flavithermus AAG-61 was purified and characterized. It was an anionic heteropolysaccharide containing rhamnose, mannose, arabinose, and glucose. The polysaccharide was water-soluble and had a concentration of 3.1 g/L carbohydrate and 0.11 g/L protein. The EPS consisted of 32% carbon, 7% nitrogen, 5% hydrogen, and traces of sulfur (0.6%). The presence of protein and sulfur in the polysaccharide was confirmed by FT-IR. Zeta potential, mobility, and conductivity values were -8.3 (± 0.5) mV, -0.65 (± 0.04) µmcm/Vs, and 1.57 (± 0.08) mS/cm. The crystallinity pattern was also determined by XRD analysis. No effect on the viability of the human fibroblast cell line was observed.
Antibiogram Assessment of Gram-negative Bacterial Isolates of LRTI Suspected Patients Visiting Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Chaturwedi Shashi Bhushan , Thapa Saru , Mishra Ved Prakash , Chaudhary Preety , Chaudhary Richa
Published: August 2024

Lower respiratory tract infection is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A cross-sectional study was carried out with an objective to assess the antibiogram pattern of the Gram-negative bacterial isolates from LRTI suspected patients visiting tertiary care hospitals. The study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital laboratory from January 2022 to March 2022. A total of 108 sputum samples from LRTI suspected patients were processed for Gram-negative bacteria isolation. Out of 108 sputum samples, 17 (15.74%) showed significant growth for Gram- negative bacteria and 91 (84.26%) showed insignificant growth. Male suspected patients were more predominant over female suspected patients, showing (11)10% and (6)6% significant growth respectively. The most common bacterial pathogens among Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) suspected patients are Mycobacterium tuberculosis (47.05%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.64%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.64%), Escherichia coli (11.76%), and Klebsiella oxytoca (5.88%). Antibiotic susceptibility tests (AST) were done by the KirbyBauer disc diffusion method. The antibiotic susceptibility patterns of isolates revealed high resistivity against most of the used antibiotics whereas the isolates showed good in vitro activity against amikacin, ofloxacin and ceftriaxone. Therefore, Culture and Susceptibility tests are important for management of LRTI in patients.
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase producing Klebsiella Pneumoniae isolated from patient with suspected urinary tract infection
Authors: Bista Rita ,   Department of Microbiology, Tri Chandra Multiple Campus, Ghantaghar, Kathmandu, Nyaupane Pratima , Regmi Prakriti , Thapa Shovana , Maharjhan Roshani
Published: August 2024

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common bacterial infections in humans and serious health problem in many parts of the world. Carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are increasingly reported from healthcare facilities in Nepal and around the world. This study is carried out with an objective to assess the Prevalence of ESBL and carbapenemase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate from patient with suspected of UTI. Total 880 urine sample was collected during 6-month period and processed and identified by using conventional microbiological procedure and biochemical test. ESBL screening isolates were done by using Ceftazidime and Ceftazidime with clavulanic acid. Production of ESBL was determine by combination Disc Test. For the confirmation of carbapenemase producing K. pneumoniae Modified Hodge Method, Carbapenem Inactivation Method and EDTA Impregnated Disc test (MBL) was performed. Out of total sample, 9.30% (82) showed significant growth. Prevalence of UTI seen more in male as compare to female patients. Out of positive isolates, 37.8% were K. pneumoniae. K. pneumoniae were resistance with Ceftriaxone (54.8%) followed by 51.61% Ceftazidime, Cotrimoxazole. Multi drug resistance (MDR) was found to be 54.83%. Out of 31 isolates, 10(32%) were confirmed as ESBL positive by Combination Disc Assay. 14 isolates were screened as carbapenemase producers but 2(14.28%) showed positive through Modified Hodge Method, 4(28.57%) Modified Carbapenem Inactivation Method and 7(50%) EDTA impregnated Disc Test (MBL). Analytically, the sensitivity of MHT, CIM, and MBL tests was 42.81%, 58.10%, and 76.96%, respectively, all with 100% specificity. Colistin was the drug of choice, with 93.54% of isolates showing sensitivity to it. Early detection of ESBL and MBL-producing isolates is crucial for reducing mortality rates and preventing the intra-hospital spread of these strains.
Biofilm Reactors: A Potential Alternative to Current Treatment Technology for Wastewater in Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Shahi Pratap Bikram , Manandhar Sarita , Paudel Shukra Raj
Published: August 2024

Kathmandu Valley faces challenges managing its growing wastewater volume, compounded by the complex composition of unregulated industrial discharges. Releasing untreated wastewater poses a severe risk to public health and the environment. Existing wastewater treatment infrastructure, primarily reliant on conventional activated sludge processes (ASP) struggles to meet growing demands. These systems require substantial land area, are sensitive to influent variations, produce a high volume of sludge, and incur high operational and maintenance costs. Biofilms, naturally occurring assemblages of microorganisms adherent to surfaces and embedded within an extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS), present a compelling alternative for wastewater treatment due to their diverse pollutant removal capabilities. When implemented as biofilm reactors, they offer distinct advantages, including tolerance to fluctuations in wastewater composition, minimal land requirements, and reduced energy consumption. Notably, microbes residing within a biofilm are capable of biodegradation of persistent materials such as pharmaceuticals, metals, and plastics. Globally, biofilmmediated wastewater treatment has been implemented successfully, while a knowledge gap remains for the treatment of Kathmandu's wastewater.  This review critically assesses biological wastewater treatment methods, providing insight into: a) suspended growth process with their configuration, application, and limitations, b) wastewater treatment infrastructures of Kathmandu Valley, and c) biofilm process with their configuration, factors influencing biofilm development and performance, application of specific microbial strains for enhanced treatment efficiency, and factors to be considered during implementation. Furthermore, the paper recommends: a) an extensive study of laboratory-scale biofilm reactors evaluating and optimizing their performance for local integration and b) investigating the role of diverse microbial communities to further enhance the treatment plant's operation. By prioritizing research and development towards biofilm technology, Kathmandu Valley can achieve efficient and environmentally friendly wastewater management.
Functional Attributes of Gut Guardians: Probiotic Potential of Lactobacillus strains isolated from Traditional Nepalese Fermented Foods
Authors: Pandey Anisha , Shrestha Saraswati , Bastola Suman , Sharma Arjun , Poudel Ashish , hrestha Pabitra
Published: August 2024

The interplay between the gut microbiome and fermented foods has significant implications for human health and nutrition. Fermented foods, rich in beneficial microorganisms such as Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) including Lactobacillus spp., have attracted considerable research interest due to their potential probiotic effects. The six Nepalese fermented foods selected for this research—homemade yogurt, commercial yogurt, gundruk, tama, chhurpi, and achaar—are recognized for their diverse microbial profiles and purported health benefits, commonly consumed across various regions of Nepal. This study aims to elucidate their probiotic potential through tests such as acid and salt tolerance and their antimicrobial effects against five pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella spp.). A total of 120 samples of these six different fermented foods were collected from households and local markets in Chitwan District. Among 120 fermented food samples, 103 samples (85.83%) were found to be LAB positive. Out of the total sample, 64 samples (53.30%) were found to be Lactobacillus spp. positive. These positive isolates were further tested for their pH tolerance, NaCl tolerance, and antibacterial potential. Upon research, 18 isolates were found to be tolerant at pH 2, and 21 isolates were found to be tolerant at 8% NaCl concentration. The highest antibacterial effect of Lactobacillus spp. was found against Staphylococcus aureus with ZOI 18 mm and lowest against Escherichia coli. The study here contributes to the importance of utilizing the microbial diversity present in fermented foods, along with providing valuable insights for developing novel probiotic interventions for enhancing gut and overall health. Moreover, the research highlights the potential of traditional fermented foods as a valuable source of probiotic strains, paving the way for innovative approaches to improve health through diet.
Quality assessment of commercially refined sunflower oil found in the market of Pokhara, Nepal
Authors: Koirala Santosh , Dhakal Ananta , Paudel Dipak , Pokharel Prayan
Published: August 2024

Sunflower oil is widely used for home cooking and the food industry. Food safety concerns are always there while consuming oil daily, so people want their purchased and consumed oil to be safe. The main aim of the research is to demonstrate and compare the data of different parameters obtained from laboratory experiments following the standard methods suggested by FSSAI-2016 (Food Safety and Standard Authority of India), A.O.A.C. (Association of Analytical Chemists) and the standard values given by D.F.T.Q.C. (Department of Food Technology and Quality Control), Nepal in 2075 B.S for edibleness of sunflower oil. Here, we show the standard methods to test the different parameters, i.e., moisture content, acid value, density, peroxide value, iodine value, saponification value, and unsaponifiable matter of edible sunflower oil. The dataset of preliminary and physiochemical analysis were within the limits of D.F.T.Q.C. standards for edible and refined sunflower oil, where moisture content was 0.05±0.01, refractive index was 1.4676±5.7735E-05, peroxide value was 2.65±0.098, acid value was 0.071±0.0026, iodine value was 128.02±0.007, saponification value was 189.92±1.094 and unsaponifiable matter was 2.53±0.7. This study concludes that all the selected samples of sunflower oils are in the permissible range according to the D.F.T.Q.C. directory (2075). It indicated that selected sunflower oil types have regulatory standards for public consumption concerning health risks under study from the Pokhara market.
Analisa Tekanan Darah pada Penderita Hipertensi Sebelum dan Sesudah Konsumsi Black Garlic
Authors: Damayanti Fransiska Erna , Subekti Rico Agung , Masroni Masroni
Published: August 2024

Latar Belakang: Hipertensi termasuk dalam kategori penyakit tidak bisa disembuhkan, namun dapat dikendalikan sehingga para penderitanya tetap dapat hidup dengan baik. Sejauh ini obat adalah metode yang sering dipilih dalam pengendalian hipertensi, namun dalam penggunaan jangka panjang tentu harus diwaspadai efek sampingnya pada tubuh. Black Garllic menjadi alternatif pilihan, obat herbal yang merupakan hasil fermentasi bawang putih menghasilkan flavanoid digunakan sebagai obat anti hipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisa tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi  sebelum dan setelah mengkonsumsi Black Garlic.
Metode: Penelitian ini, menggunakan metode Pre-eksperiment dengan  Pre dan Post desain menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria: penderita hipertensi essensial yang tinggal serumah dengan keluarga, patuh mengkonsumsi obat hipertensi dari Puskesmas dan jumlah responden penelitian sebanyak 10 orang. Intervensi diberikan Black Garlic  sesuai dengan SOP. Pengambilan data menggunakan Tensi Meter. Analisis statistik menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon.
Hasil: Hasil analisa menggunakan menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon Signed Range Test, didapatkan p value 0.004, yang berarti p value < 0.05 yaitu ada pengaruh terhadap tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi.
Kesimpulan: penelitian ini menemukan bahwa black garlic mempunyai pengaruh terhadap hipertensi atau ada pengaruh terhadap tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa black garlic  dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif lain dalam menurunkan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi.
EVALUASI DOSIS DAN PROFIL PENGOBATAN PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 KOMPLIKASI NEFROPATI DI RUMAH SAKIT DI KOTA SAMARINDA
Authors: Ruslan Rainhard Duta Pradana , Setiawan Roni , Hanif Deasy Nur Chairin , Azmi Rizki Nur
Published: August 2024

Jumlah kasus Diabetes Milletus dikota Samarinda sebesar 3.04%. Salah satu komplikasi DM yang tidak terkontrol dapat menimbulkan nefropati. Pasien DM dengan nefropati diabetik digambarkan memiliki albuminuria kronis 300 mg/24 jam dalam 2 kali pemeriksaan 3 sampai 6 bulan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melihat profil dan evaluasi pengobatan pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 komplikasi nefropati di Rumah Sakit di Kota Samarinda. Metode dalam penelitian ini yaitu non eksperimental observasional dengan rancangan deskriptif. Dengan pendekatan cross-sectional menggunakan data retrospektif yaitu melihat data berdasarkan rekam medis pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 komplikasi nefropati di Rumah Sakit di Kota Samarinda. Didapatkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Kota Samarinda dengan jumlah sampel 94 pasien DM tipe 2 dengan komplikasi nefropati yang di rawat di Instalasi rawat inap pada Januari 2021 sampai Maret 2022. Diperoleh jumlah persentase berdasarkan jenis kelamin yaitu laki-laki (45,74%) dan perempuan (54,26%). rentang umur pasien penderita DM nefropati antara 18-60 tahun dengan kejadian terbanyak yaitu umur 41-60 (57,45%).Profil pengobatan memperoleh hasil terbesar penggunaan insulin, yaitu insulin novorapid (43,43%), lantus (19,74%), levemir (13,16%). sedangkan obat oral, sulfonilrea (Gliquidone) 30 mg (13,16%). Pada penelitian ini terdapat 808 pemberian obat tepat dosis sebanyak 789 (97,65%) dan tidak tepat dosis sebanyak 19 (2,35%). kasus obat yang diperlukan penyesuaian dosis obat karena dipengaruhi nilai GFR.
Kata Kunci: Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2, Evaluasi Dosis, Komplikasi Nefropati, Profil Pengobatan.
ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS KINERJA KEUANGAN DALAM PENGELOLAAN ANGGARAN PEMERINTAH DAN BELANJA DAERAH PADA KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: Aristyanto Erwan
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the financial management performance of the Surabaya City Government for the 2015-2019 period. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method using an analysis of the effectiveness of regional financial performance, analysis of regional financial independence and analysis of compatibility (operational expenditure and capital expenditure). Using secondary data, the data processed is the Summary of Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budgets for the 2015-2019 Fiscal Year. The Regional Financial Independence of the Surabaya City Government has reached a very good level, which shows a pattern of delegative relations, which means that the intervention of the Central Government is no longer there because the regions are completely independent in implementing regional autonomy. The level of effectiveness of the Surabaya city government's financial management is fairly effective because from 2015 -2019 the effectiveness of the Surabaya city government's financial performance has always reached the target which is effective. However, the compatibility of the Surabaya government's financial performance has not been balanced. According to the description and calculations above, most of the funds owned by the Surabaya City Government are still prioritized for operational expenditure needs so that the capital expenditure ratio is relatively small.
Trust in government, tax digitalization and tax education influence tax compliance with experience as a moderation
Authors: Haq Faizal Akhsan , Tarmidi Deden
Published: August 2024

This study aims to examine the effect of trust in the government, tax digitization, and tax education on tax compliance with experience as a moderating variable. This study is an associative quantitative research using primary data in the form of a questionnaire. The population in this study is individual taxpayers registered at KPP Pratama Cilacap by giving several statements or questions to respondend totaling 97,483 people and a sample of 398 people. This research uses purposive sampling based on Slovin theory. The data analysis technique used in this study is the PLS-SEM model. This study uses descriptive statistical tests, measurement evaluation models, structural evaluation models and goodness-of-fit evaluation models. This study concludes that trust in government, tax digitalization, tax education and experience give positive impact to tax compliance. Experience cannot moderate the impact of trust in government to tax compliance. Experience weakened the impact of tax digitalization to tax compliance. Experience can moderate the impact of tax education on tax compliance.
Trade War Between US and China
Authors: Rohatgi Sanjana
Published: August 2024

This paper examines the US-China trade war (2018-2019) and its multifaceted impact on globalization. It explores the causes of the conflict, including China's alleged unfair trade practices and the US trade deficit. The research analyzes the war's consequences on both nations, encompassing economic disruptions, job losses, and agricultural decline. Additionally, the paper investigates the impact on other countries, with some benefiting from trade diversion while others facing economic strain. Finally, the involvement of US multinational corporations (MNCs) is explored, considering their potential support for some trade war goals while opposing increased tariffs that burden their operations. Keywords: US-China Trade War, Globalization, Trade Tariffs, Unfair Trade Practices, Trade Deficit, Economic Disruptions, Job Losses, Agricultural Decline, Trade Diversion, Multinational Corporations (MNCs)
Consumer Buying Behaviour in Sustainable Luxury Fashion
Authors: Rohatgi Sanjana
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this research paper on sustainability in luxury fashion is to analyse the current state of how each gender has a different purchasing behaviour in terms of sustainability practisesin luxury fashion, identify challenges, and contribute to a larger discussion on the role of luxury fashion in shaping a more sustainable and equitable global fashion industry. Chi- square test has been used to determine how gender influences the sustainability of luxury fashion. The two variables in this case are luxury fashion sustainability and gender. To achieve this objective, a primary survey was conducted with a sample of 124 participants who were divided into gender group namely female, male, others and prefer not to say. In this research paper it was found out using data analysis based on the primary survey of 124 respondents on how often do people purchase luxury fashion products that are marketed as sustainable or eco-friendly based on gender. As seen in the table 1,64% percentage of men always purchase fashion products that are marketed as sustainable, which is 29% more than women. 56% of the of the men never buy luxury goods that are more sustainable compared to 44% women who never buy sustainable goods. 53% of women sometimes purchase fashion products that are marketed as sustainable than 47% of the men. The same has been depicted in chart 1. It can be found out that overall men purchase more sustainable goods than women Keywords: sustainability, luxury fashion, purchasing behavior, gender differences, Chi-square test, eco-friendly products, consumer behavior
Revealing Public Accountability For Village Financial Management Based On Community Partnership Foundations In Pematang Serai Village, Langkat District
Authors: Dito Aditia Darma Nasution  , Mustafa Mustafa , Annisa Fajariah Damanik
Published: August 2024

This research aims to find out how accountable financial management is villages implemented by the government of Pematang Serai Village, Langkat District as well to find out how community empowerment is carried out by the Village government Pematang Serai, Langkat District. This study used qualitative research methods. The data collection technique used in this research is the observation method, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used in this research is qualitative data analysis techniques. The data analysis components used are data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results of the research conducted stated that the financial management stage carried out by Pematang Serai Village has been carried out in accordance with Permendagri No. 20 In 2018.
Problématique des violences faites aux filles en situation de handicap dans la commune d'Abomey Calavi (Bénin
Authors:   Université Catholique de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (UCAO, Bénin), SOTTIN Richard Arnaud Patrick , Bansouomou Rodrigue ,   Université Catholique de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (UCAO, Bénin)
Published: August 2024

Like several countries in sub-Saharan Africa, Benin is a country where gender inequalities still persist. These inequalities sometimes reveal themselves in the form of violence against girls and women. It is a phenomenon that still plagues society despite the creation of a legal and institutional framework. Indeed, inequalities are doubly common among girls with disabilities because of their vulnerability. For this research, the approach used is essentially qualitative. It aims to analyze the problem of violence against girls with disabilities in the commune of Abomey-Calavi. To achieve this objective, documentary research and interviews with resource persons were used as data collection techniques. Thus, fifteen people were interviewed according to four categories of actors: girls with disabilities, protection actors, municipal authorities and parents. The majority of those questioned believe that disability in itself is a real cause of the persistence of violence, especially sexual violence, among girls with disabilities. Analysis of the results reveals that several factors, including socio-cultural constraints and disability as a criterion of vulnerability, explain the increase in violence against girls with disabilities in the commune of Abomey-Calavi.
Inteligencia artificial y Educación: Propuesta de utilización con jóvenes de 16 años de edad
Authors: Guillén-Parra Laura Sofía , Moscoso-Bernal Santiago Arturo
Published: August 2024

El presente artículo aborda la falta de conocimiento en el uso de la IA en la educación, así mismo como su aplicación correcta a su aprendizaje; el objetivo se centra en identificar los retos que enfrentan los jóvenes al integrar la inteligencia artificial al panorama educativo de Azogues, Ecuador. La investigación se basa en un enfoque mixto, de alcance correlacional, una investigación no experimental y de cohorte transversal, aplicando así el instrumento a jóvenes de 16 años de la Unidad Educativa “Luis Rogerio González” obteniendo como resultado la importancia de una capacitación constante y formación específica de la integración de la IA, para ello se desarrolla una propuesta llamada EMIA (Encendiendo Mentes Con Inteligencia Artificial) con una guía para docentes. En síntesis, la IA permite a los estudiantes tomar un rumbo diferente y el control de su aprendizaje, adaptándose a su ritmo y preferencias.
Prevención de riesgos físicos por exposición a temperaturas en una empresa de producción
Authors: Briones-Vélez Jhon Anthony , Mera-Párraga Marlon Javier
Published: August 2024

El artículo; Prevención de riesgos físicos por exposición a temperaturas en una empresa; abordar desafíos y medidas para minimizar los impactos negativos al trabajar en ambientes de temperaturas extremas, la exposición prolongada a temperaturas altas o bajas puede provocar problemas de salud graves, como insolación, hipotermia y enfermedades relacionadas con el estrés por calor, el estudio analizó las condiciones ambientales de la empresa utilizando equipos como el Mastech MS6508 para medir temperatura y humedad y el medidor de estrés térmico WBGT para evaluar el índice de estrés térmico. A partir de estos datos se identifican áreas de riesgo y se recomiendan estrategias de prevención, como ajustar los horarios de trabajo, proporcionar períodos de descanso razonables, mejorar la ventilación y la utilización de equipos de protección personal adecuados, además, se enfatiza la importancia de educar y capacitar al personal para reconocer y responder adecuadamente a los síntomas del estrés por calor, la implementación de estas medidas es fundamental para garantizar un entorno de trabajo seguro y saludable, minimizar el riesgo de accidentes y enfermedades relacionadas con el clima, mejorar la salud y la productividad general de los empleados, el documento concluye que una gestión eficaz del riesgo de calor es esencial para cumplir con las regulaciones laborales y promover entornos laborales más seguros y productivos.
Canva como herramienta educativa: Aportes desde docentes para su vinculación a la educación básica en Riobamba, Ecuador
Authors: Layedra-Chunata Carlos Javier , Cabrera-Berrezueta Luis Bolívar , Reascos-Vallejo Nelson Cristóbal
Published: August 2024

En los contextos contemporáneos, el aprovechamiento de herramientas tecnológicas se revela como un valioso aporte en diversos ámbitos educativos. En este sentido, resulta imperativo examinar la integración de la herramienta educativa Canva en la educación básica en Riobamba, Ecuador, a partir de las contribuciones de los educadores. Para lograr este objetivo, se aboga por un enfoque cuantitativo que aplique encuestas a docentes de educación básica, quienes compartirán sus perspectivas sobre la interconexión entre la herramienta educativa y la práctica docente. Como posible resultado de este análisis, se aspira a desarrollar una guía didáctica que facilite la vinculación efectiva de estos elementos en el ámbito educativo de nivel básico.
Structural, electronic, and optoelectronic properties of XYZ2 (X=Zn,Cd; Y=Si,Sn; Z=pnicogens) Chalcopyrite compounds: First-principles calculations
Authors: Jabbar Oula
Published: August 2024

Structural, optoelectronic and electronic characteristics of the semiconductor chalcopyrite XYZ2 (X=Zn, Cd; Y=Si, Sn; Z=P) are predicted using first-principleS calculations. The (PBE-GGA) is used for the geometrical relaxation whereas the (TB-mBJ) potential is used to determine the ground state properties. The bandgap decreases by substituting Si by Sn in XYP2. The calculated energy bandgap values exhibit good consistency with experimental evidence and prior theoretical findings. The d-states of Zn and Cd contribute greatly to the density of states in XSiP2, Sn-d states are predominant in the XSnP2. Given its great reflectivity in UV region makes XYP2 good candidate for photonic and optoelectronic devices.
Synthesis and characterization of polyethylene
Authors: Wang X.
Published: August 2024

A combined intumescent flame retardant expandable graphite (EG), with an initial expansion temperature of 155°C and expansion volume of 515 mL g-1, was successfully prepared based on a chemical intercalation method of material graphite under oxidation of KMnO4, intercalation of H2SO4 and Na4B2O7· 10H2O at the mass ratio C : KMnO4 : H2SO4 (98%) : Na4B2O7· 10H2O of 1.0 : 0.4 : 5.5 : 0.6 (H2SO4 diluted to a mass concentration of 80-wt. % before reaction), and characterized by expansion volume (EV), initial expansion temperature, X-ray diffraction (XRD). The flame retarding and thermal properties of LLDPE/EG and LLDPE/EG/APP composites (LLDPE-Linear low-density polyethylene; APP-ammonium polyphosphate) were investigated and characterized by limiting oxygen index (LOI), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The results showed that addition of EG (30-wt. %) increased the LOI of 70LLDPE/30EG composite to 28.4 %. Even more, the synergistic effect of 20% EG together with 10% APP improved the LOI of 70LLDPE/20EG/10APP composite to 30.5%. At the same time, temperatures corresponding to a 1% weight loss and a maximum weight loss rate increased at about 50°C and 2°C, respectively. The 70LLDPE/10APP/20EG composite exhibited higher flame retardancy even at a lower residual char than 70LLDPE/30EG specimen. The intercalated borate was more effectual in improving the flame retardancy than the direct additive of Na4B2O7· 10H2O.
Sliding wear of rubber/layered silicate nanocomposites
Authors: Christ J.
Published: August 2024

The dry sliding and friction behaviors of organoclay modified hydrogenated nitrile (HNBR) and ethylene/propylene/diene (EPDM) rubbers were studied using a pin (steel)-on-plate (rubber sheet) test configuration. It was found that the organoclay modification may improve or deteriorate the resistance to wear of rubbers. The resistance to wear was adversely affected by pronounced intercalation/exfoliation and two-dimensional alignment of the clay layers. This result is in analogy with the directional dependence of the wear performance of fiber-reinforced composite laminates.
The role of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Brassica olerace for determination of Aspirin in pharmaceutical samples by standard additions method
Authors: Ismail Muhammad
Published: August 2024

In this study, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were prepared from Brassica oleracea (BO) leaflet extract (BO-AgNPs) and applied for to determination of Aspirin in pharmaceutical samples through selective and sensitive spectrophotometric standard additions method. The measurements of UV-Visible, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have been used to confirm the formation of BO-AgNPs, revealing a prominent absorption band at 450 nm, crystallinity, and an agglomerated morphology having an average particle size of 29 nm. Aspirin in Acifein, Aspirin, Acylpyrin and Disprin tablets was determined through the complexation with BO-AgNPs, revealing a linear range of 1-10 mg/10 mL and limit of detection (LOD) as 0.09, 0.46, 0.69 and 0.99 mg/10 mL, respectively. An average percent recovery for four samples were found to be 90, 99, 101 and 99 % and relative standard deviation (RSD) as 1.6, 0.6, 0.3 and 1.4, respectively. The suggested method was successfully used for the quantitative analysis of pharmaceutical tablets, which opens up the possibility that Ag NPs could be used to determine biological molecules when interferences from real samples are present.
Charge transfer in copper oxide nanostructure
Authors: Robin J.
Published: August 2024

The deposition potential affects the structural, morphological, optical, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy properties of cuprous oxide (Cu2O) thin films formed on copper (Cu) substrates adopting a three-electrode electrochemical deposition procedure. XRD data revealed that the deposited films have a cubic structure established with desired (111) growth orientation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images reveal that Cu2O film has very well three-sided pyramid-shaped grains which are equally spread over the surface of the Cu substrates and change substantially when the plating potential is changed. The photo-current density of prepared Cu2O thin films was increased from -1.41×10-4 to -3.01×10-4 A/cm2 with increasing the deposition potential of -0.3 to -0.6V, respectively. Further, Cu2O thin films obtained at -0.6V have the minimum charge transfer resistance (Rct) than Cu2O thin films synthesized at -0.3 to -0.5V, suggesting that Cu2O thin films produced at -0.6V have the highest electron transfer efficiency.
Analysis of flakes-based BiOI nanostructure
Authors: Antoine W.
Published: August 2024

This article reports the comprehensive details of structure, morphology, mechanical, thermal, and optical details of BiOI material and film, combining both experimental and first-principle calculations. The structure, morphology, atomic concentration, and optical properties have been investigated via XRD, SEM, EDX, and UV-vis analysis. Moreover, the first-principle calculations have been performed applying the plane-wave pseudopotential based density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the structural aspects, mechanical behaviors, thermal, and optical characteristics of the prepared BiOI compound. The calculated lattice constants reasonably agree with its experimental values. BiOI's mechanical stability requirement is perfectly fulfilled by the derived elastic constants. This BiOI compound could be utilized as a thermal barrier coating (TBC) material because of the calculated Debye temperature and minimum thermal conductivity. Furthermore, crucial optical factors such as absorption coefficient, dielectric constants, photoconductivity, loss function, refractive index, and reflectivity are studied and described in order to maximize the effectiveness of BiOI applications.
THE INFLUENCE OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE, ASSET GROWTH AND PROFITABILITY ON STOCK PRICES IN THE TRANSPORTATION SECTOR OF AIRLINES REGISTERED ON THE IDX, 2018-2022
Authors: Zulkarnain Iskandar , Hanifah Azimah , Ahmad Gatot Nazir
Published: August 2024

This research was conducted with the aim of finding out and analyzing the influence of Capital Structure, Asset Growth and Profitability on Share Prices in the Airline Transportation Sector listed on the IDX in 2018-2022. This research is quantitative research that is associative in nature. The population in this study are companies operating in airline transportation in 2018-2022. Sampling was carried out using techniques of non probability sampling or a saturated sample, namely using all sample airline companies. The data technique used in this research is Multiple Linear Regression Panel Data using Eviews 10 software. The results of this research show that partially Capital Structure (DAR) has no effect and is not significant on stock prices, Asset Growth has no effect and is not significant on stock prices, and Profitability (ROA) has a positive and significant effect on stock prices.
STRATEGIC OVERTIME IMPLEMENTATION: ASSESSING CRASH TIME, CRASH COST, AND COST SLOPE IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF KADIRI UNIVERSITY'S 4-STORY BUILDING
Authors: Ali Mahardi Kamalika Khusna , Tjendani Hanie Teki , Witjaksana Budi
Published: August 2024

The lecture building is an important building which is the center of academic activities where educational activities are carried out. Currently, the construction of a four-story lecture building at Kadiri University is experiencing significant project delays with a deviation of 5.64% from the plan. Crash analysis can be carried out to speed up the duration of the project so that it can be completed on time with additional working hours. This research aims to determine crash time, crash costs, and cost slope for the application of overtime on the 4-story building construction project at Kadiri University. A quantitative and case study approach was used with data collected through observation, interviews, and analysis of project documents. Critical Path Method (CPM) analysis is carried out using Microsoft Project software to identify work that is on the critical path. Crashing is done by calculating crash time, crash cost, and cost slope. The research results show that applying 1 hour of overtime can speed up the project by 12 working days, with an additional cost of IDR 24,488,758. Cost slope analysis shows additional overtime costs of IDR 12,244,379. This research shows that the application of measurable overtime and crashing analysis can effectively overcome project delays in the context of building educational facilities.
PRODUCTION RESPONSE OF CUCUMBER (CUCUMIS SATIVUS L.) PLANTS DUE TO APPLICATION OF Sp-36 AND MANURE
Authors: Kaho Uly J Riwu , Raga Henny A. , Sole Robert A. , Naisanu Joritha , Kisse Darmanto F , Ndun Astrid Aryani
Published: August 2024

The cucumber plant (Cucumis sativus L.) is a vegetable plant that can be consumed in fresh or processed form. Cucumber production data from 2019-2022 continues to decline. One of the factors causing the decline in cucumber production is cultivation techniques that have not been carried out properly. To increase cucumber production, it is necessary to pay attention to the availability of nutrients. The fertilizer used is SP 36 fertilizer and organic fertilizer. The aim of the research is: To determine the interaction of SP36 fertilizer and manure on the growth and production of the best cucumber plants. The research was carried out in July - August 2023. The design used was a factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK). First factor: SP-36 fertilizer dose consisting of; P1: Control, P2: 150 kg ha-1 equivalent to 60 gpetak-1, P3: 250 kg ha-1 equivalent to 100 gpetak-1, Factor II: manure consisting of: N1: Control, N2: Cow manure 10 tonha-1 is equivalent to 4 kgpetak-1, N3: 10 tonha-1 chicken manure is equivalent to 4 kgpetak-1, Based on the results obtained: The interaction of SP-36 fertilizer and manure has a very real influence on the number of leaves, fruit length, plant height, fruit diameter and fruit weight
Keywords: Production, Cucumis sativus L, SP-36, Cow manure
REALTIME IMPLEMENTATION OF SHOULDER POSTURE DETECTION WITH COMPUTER VISION
Authors: Erni Wigati
Published: August 2024

The development of health technology is currently growing rapidly along with the needs of health workers for medical information. Computer Vision is one of the technologies used in the medical world, including the human shoulder posture detection system using the MediaPipe library. This system automatically calculates the logic of posture measurements based on the basis of manual measurements with anthropometric tools, so that health workers can easily get precise and accurate information about the results of shoulder posture detection. The system created with the Python programming language allows real-time shoulder posture detection and avoids human error. This research successfully created a human shoulder posture detection system using MediaPipe on computer vision technology to make it easier for medical personnel to get real-time measurement results.
ANALISIS PEMANFAATAN DIGITAL MARKETING SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMASARAN PRODUK (STUDI PADA USAHA KULINER YANG BERMITRA DENGAN APLIKASI JASA TRANSPORTASI ONLINE DI KOTA KENDARI)
Authors: Dwi Rahmadania Kansa , Saediman Haji , Alam Fyka Samsul
Published: August 2024

This study aims to analyze the extent to which digital marketing is utilized and its correlation with business characteristics and actors in the culinary industry that partner with online transportation service providers in Kendari City. The study population consists of 220 culinary businesses that partner with the Grab online transportation service application in Kendari City. The sample was selected using a simple random sampling technique. The sample size of 42 was determined using the Slovin formula with an error rate of 15%. The study employed a quantitative approach, and data analysis was conducted using descriptive analysis, Chi Square test, and contingency correlation test. The study revealed that only 30 culinary businesses in Kendari City, which partnered with online transportation service applications, utilized digital marketing as a marketing medium. Among them, only 12 businesses had a high level of utilization. The Chi Square analysis results indicate a weak relationship between the level of utilization of digital marketing and turnover characteristics of business. Business characteristics and business actors were found to have a relationship with the level of utilization of digital marketing.
PARTISIPASI ANGGOTA DAN PERMODALAN PADA KEBERHASILAN KOPERASI PRODUSEN TANI LEKMA MOKUPA DI KECAMATAN LAMBANDIA KABUPATEN KOLAKA TIMUR
Authors: Fitri Nursyawal , Nalefo La , Jayadisastra Yoenita
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the level of member participation, capital, and success of the Produsen Tani Lekma Mokupa Cooperative in Mokupa Village, Lambandia District, East Kolaka Regency. The population in this study consisted of 307 members of the Produsen Tani Lekma Mokupa Cooperative recorded in 2021, while the sample size was 39 members determined using the sloving formula. The Simple Random Sampling technique was employed for sampling. Data collection for this study involved the use of interviews, surveys, and documentation methods, as well as questionnaires as data collection instruments. The collected data was analyzed quantitatively using the class interval formula. The results indicate that the Produsen Tani Lekma Mokupa Cooperative was successful in business, members, and development. This success is classified as 'good' according to the Cooperative Success in Business, Members, and Development criteria. It is important to note that this evaluation is objective and based solely on the data presented. Member participation in organizational management, capital formation, and utilizing cooperative business services places it in the participating category. Additionally, the principal savings, mandatory savings, and voluntary savings of members of the Produsen Tani Lekma Mokupa Cooperative indicate that it is in the good category for capital.
KETERGANTUNGAN PETANI SAYURAN TERHADAP TENGKULAK SEBAGAI PATRON-KLIEN DALAM KEGIATAN PERTANIAN (STUDI KASUS DESA WAKULI KECAMATAN KAPONTORI KABUPATEN BUTON)
Authors: Hardian Eva , Alwi La Ode , Hidrawati
Published: August 2024

The income of vegetable farmers in Wakuli Village comes from production results and the prices received by farmers. Efficient management and increased production should have an impact on farmer welfare. However, in reality the exchange rate and the existence of farmers are often neglected in the economic system, especially in the distribution system for vegetable crops, so they are unable to provide positive profits. The aim of this research is to analyze the role of middlemen from the perspective of vegetable farmers and to determine the type of dependency of vegetable farmers as patron-clients. The informants in this research consisted of 1 key informant from village officials, the main informant consisted of 7 vegetable farmers and 3 middlemen, as well as 1 supporting informant from the head of the farmer group. The data collection techniques used in this research are observation, interviews and documentation. The instruments in this research were an interview guide, writing tools and recording equipment. Data analysis uses the Miles and Huberman interactive data analysis model. The research results show that middlemen in agricultural activities in Wakuli Village have an active role as capital owners, buyers and marketers. There are several types of middleman roles that are considered to be able to help farmers in dealing with economic and social problems. The role of the middleman covers all aspects (production, marketing, financial and social) needed by farmers in Wakuli Village. In the vegetable production process, farmers depend on capital provided by middlemen and in the marketing process the vegetables are sold to middlemen. Of all the farmers who were informants in this research, on average, they channeled their vegetable harvests to middlemen.
KOMPETENSI PENYULUH PERTANIAN LAPANGAN DALAM USAHATANI TANAMAN JAGUNG DI DESA KASAKA KECAMATAN KABAWO KABUPATEN MUNA
Authors: Hermadan Ege , Abdullah Sukmawati , Arimbawa Putu
Published: August 2024

The maize crop production in Kabawo Sub-district, Muna Regency has decreased. It is suspected that the competence of agricultural extension workers is one of the factors that has a relationship with the decline in production. The purpose of the study was to determine the level of competence of field agricultural extension workers in Kasaka Village, Kabawo District, Muna Regency. The population of the study consisted of all corn farmers in Kasaka Village who received assistance from field agricultural extension officers in farming. This amounted to 78 farmers. A total of 15% of the population was selected as the research sample, which was determined to be 20 corn farmers using the sloving method. Sampling was conducted using a random sampling method. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, and documentation, utilizing research media in the form of questionnaires. The data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis, employing the class interval formula to assess the level of competence of field agricultural extension workers in maize farming. The results indicated that the competence of field agricultural extension workers in corn farming in Kasaka Village, Kabawo Sub-district, Muna Regency is generally in the medium category. This can be observed in the technical competence, managerial competence, and communication competence of field agricultural extension workers, which are still moderate. Technical competence describes the ability of extension workers to apply various types of crop cultivation knowledge. It encompasses the ability to apply theoretical knowledge to practical situations and to adapt to changing circumstances. Managerial competence describes the ability of extension workers to organize and manage all forms of resources owned by both themselves and their targets. It encompasses the ability to plan, organize, and coordinate activities and resources effectively and efficiently. Communication competence describes the ability of extension workers to communicate and convey information that can be easily understood by the farmers themselves. It encompasses the ability to communicate effectively and efficiently, using appropriate language and terminology, and to convey information in a clear and concise manner.
DISTRIBUSI DAN MARGIN PEMASARAN PRODUK OLAHAN OPAK SINGKONG DI KOTA KENDARI
Authors: Nur Hartatia , Dedu La Ode Arfan , Padangaran Normal Bivariant
Published: August 2024

Marketing is a crucial aspect of the agribusiness system. One potential agroindustry in Kendari City is cassava chips processing. Sampling was conducted using the snowball sampling method, identifying, selecting, and sampling respondents totaling 30 individuals, with the majority being cassava chip entrepreneurs who are housewives. These retail traders prefer direct marketing channels to reach more consumers and facilitate easier purchase of cassava chip products without having to buy directly from the production site. For marketing efficiency, results found for marketing channel I were 0.15%, while for channel II it was 7.26%. This approach also benefits retailers who obtain cassava chip products without going through wholesalers. In practice, there will be cost and revenue calculations incurred by both producers and marketing institutions involved, resulting in different outcomes and creating marketing margins. The larger the marketing margin, the less efficient the marketing activities become. This research aims to determine the distribution of marketing, the size of marketing margins, and the proportion of the price received by cassava chip producers (producer's share) from the retail price. The findings of this research are expected to provide benefits and increase income for the marketing institutions involved in promoting cassava chip products in Kendari City.