bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Family-based Method of Quantifying NEOWISE Diameter Errors
Authors: Masiero Joseph R. , Mainzer A. K. , Wright E. L.
Published: July 2018

Quantifying the accuracy with which physical properties of asteroids can be determined from thermal modeling is critical to measuring the impact of infrared data on our understanding of asteroids. Previous work has used independently derived diameters (from asteroid radar, occultations, and spacecraft visits) to test the accuracy of the NEOWISE diameter determinations. Here, we present a new and different method for bounding the actual NEOWISE diameter errors in the Main Belt based on our knowledge of the albedos of asteroid families. We show the 1σ relative diameter error for the Main Belt population must be less than 17.5% for the vast majority of objects. For a typical uncertainty on H magnitude of 0.2 mag, the relative error on diameter for the population would be ∼10%.
The Role of Dredge-up in Double White Dwarf Mergers
Authors: Staff Jan. E. , Wiggins Brandon , Marcello Dominic , Motl Patrick M. , Even Wesley , Fryer Chris L. , Raskin Cody , Clayton Geoffrey C. , Frank Juhan
Published: July 2018

We present the results of an investigation of the dredge-up and mixing during the merger of two white dwarfs (WDs) with different chemical compositions by conducting hydrodynamic simulations of binary mergers for three representative mass ratios. In all the simulations, the total mass of the two WDs is ≲1.0 M
⊙. Mergers involving a CO and a He WD have been suggested as a possible formation channel for R Coronae Borealis (RCB)–type stars, and we are interested in testing if such mergers lead to conditions and outcomes in agreement with observations. Even if the conditions during the merger and subsequent nucleosynthesis favor the production of 18O, the merger must avoid dredging up large amounts of 16O, or else it will be difficult to produce sufficient 18O to explain the oxygen ratio observed to be of order unity. We performed a total of nine simulations using two different grid-based hydrodynamics codes using fixed and adaptive meshes and one smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) code. We find that in most of the simulations, >10−2
M
⊙ of 16O is indeed dredged up during the merger. However, in SPH simulations where the accretor is a hybrid He/CO WD with a ∼0.1 M
⊙ layer of helium on top, we find that no 16O is being dredged up, while in the q = 0.8 simulation <10−4
M
⊙ of 16O has been brought up, making a WD binary consisting of a hybrid CO/He WD and a companion He WD an excellent candidate for the progenitor of RCB stars.
Constraints on the Distance Moduli, Helium and Metal Abundances, and Ages of Globular Clusters from their RR Lyrae and Non-variable Horizontal-branch Stars. III. M55 and NGC 6362
Authors: VandenBerg Don A. , Denissenkov P. A.
Published: July 2018

M55 (NGC 6809) and NGC 6362 are among the few globular clusters for which masses and radii have been derived to high precision for member binary stars. They also contain RR Lyrae variables, which, together with their non-variable horizontal-branch (HB) populations, provide tight constraints on the cluster reddenings and distance moduli through fits of stellar models to their pulsational and evolutionary properties. Reliable (m − M)
V
estimates yield M

V
and M
bol values of comparable accuracy for binary stars, because the V-band bolometric corrections applicable to them have no more than a weak dependence on effective temperature (

) and [Fe/H]. Chemical abundances derived from the binary mass–M

V
relations are independent of determinations based on their spectra. The temperatures of the binaries, which are calculated directly from their luminosities and the measured radii, completely rule out the low

scale that has been determined for metal-deficient stars in some recent spectroscopic and interferometric studies. If [α/Fe] = 0.4 and [O/Fe] = 0.5 ± 0.1, we find that M55 has

, [Fe/H] = −1.85 ± 0.1, and an age of 12.9 ± 0.8 Gyr, whereas NGC 6362 has

, [Fe/H] = −0.90 ± 0.1, and an age of 12.4 ± 0.8 Gyr. The HB of NGC 6362 shows clear evidence for multiple stellar populations. Constraints from the RR Lyrae standard candle and from local subdwarfs (with Gaia DR2 parallaxes) are briefly discussed.
Constraining Gravity at Large Scales with the 2MASS Photometric Redshift Catalog and Planck Lensing
Authors: Bianchini Federico , Reichardt Christian L.
Published: July 2018

We present a new measurement of structure growth at z ≃ 0.08 obtained by correlating the cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing potential map from the Planck satellite with the angular distribution of the 2MASS Photometric Redshift galaxies. After testing for, and finding no evidence for systematic effects, we calculate the angular auto- and cross-power spectra. We combine these spectra to estimate the amplitude of structure growth using the bias-independent D

G
estimator introduced by Giannantonio et al. We find that the relative amplitude of D

G
with respect to the predictions based on Planck cosmology is

A

D

(
z
=
0.08
)
=
1.00
±
0.21

, fully consistent with the expectations for the standard cosmological model. Considering statistical errors only, we forecast that a joint analysis between an LSST-like photometric galaxy sample and lensing maps from upcoming ground-based CMB surveys like the Simons Observatory and CMB-S4 can yield sub-percent constraints on the growth history and differentiate between different models of cosmic acceleration.
Filament Eruption with a Deflection of Nearly 90 Degrees
Authors: Yang Jiayan , Dai Jun , Chen Hechao , Li Haidong , Jiang Yunchun
Published: July 2018

Using the data from the Solar Dynamics Observatory, the Ahead of Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory, the Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG), and the Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraphs, the nearly 90° deflected eruption of a filament and the following coronal mass ejection (CME) occurring on the northern edge of AR 11123 on 2010 November 15 were presented in this paper. The filament was very small with the projected length of about 2.6 × 104 km and centered at about

W

. The potential-field source-surface model identified that the filament was located near the northern flank of a helmet streamer. The filament initially erupted northward to the nearby open fields with speeds from 151 to 336 km s−1, resulting in a B7.6 subflare and some signatures of interchange reconnection. This suggested that the erupting filament interacted with the open fields at first. Then, guided by the highly-inclined open fields, it deflected about 90° southward on the plane of the sky to the magnetic minimum in the streamer configuration. In addition, the CME with the width of 64° and the central position angle of 221° was also deflected obviously in the inner corona to attain its final direction. Because the eruption failed to penetrate the open fields, these results corroborate the idea that open magnetic flux can act as a magnetic wall while a streamer belt can act as a potential well for coronal eruptions in the Sun.
Polarization as a Probe of Thick Dust Disks in Edge-on Galaxies: Application to NGC 891
Authors: Seon Kwang-il
Published: July 2018

Radiative transfer models were developed to understand the optical polarizations in edge-on galaxies, which are observed to occur even outside the geometrically thin dust disk, with a scale height of ≈0.2 kpc. In order to reproduce the vertically extended polarization structure, we find that it is essential to include a geometrically thick dust layer in the radiative transfer model, in addition to the commonly known thin dust layer. The models include polarizations due to both dust scattering and dichroic extinction, which are responsible for the observed interstellar polarization in the Milky Way. We also find that the polarization level is enhanced if the clumpiness of the interstellar medium, and the dichroic extinction by vertical magnetic fields in the outer regions of the dust lane are included in the radiative transfer model. The predicted degree of polarization outside the dust lane was found to be consistent with that (ranging from 1% to 4%) observed in NGC 891.
Diffuse X-Ray Emission from the Northern Arc of Loop I Observed with Suzaku
Authors: Akita Masahiro , Kataoka Jun , Arimoto Makoto , Sofue Yoshiaki , Totani Tomonori , Inoue Yoshiyuki , Nakashima Shinya
Published: July 2018

After discovery of the Fermi bubbles, giant structures observed from radio to X-ray monitoring have been widely discussed as possible evidence of past activities in the Galactic center (GC). We report here on the analysis of all the Suzaku archival data pointing around the giant-scale Loop I arc. The diffuse X-ray emission from the northern Loop I arc was well represented by the three-component model: (1) an unabsorbed thermal plasma with kT ≃ 0.1 keV either from the local hot bubble (LHB) and/or solar wind charge exchange (SWCX), (2) an absorbed thermal plasma regarded as a contribution from the Loop I and the Galactic halo (GH), and (3) an absorbed power-law component representing the cosmic X-ray background (CXB). The temperature of the absorbed thermal plasma was narrowly clustered in a range of 0.30 ± 0.02 keV along Loop I (“ON” regions), whereas the temperature was a little lower in the cavity adjacent to the bubbles and Loop I (“OFF” regions) with 0.24 ± 0.03 keV. The emission measure (EM) largely varied along the Galactic latitude b, and was well correlated with the count rate variation as measured with the ROSAT all-sky map in 0.75 keV. Although the amount of neutral gas does not provide any useful constraints on the distance to Loop I, the observed EM values clearly reject a hypothesis that the structure is close to the Sun; we argue that Loop I is a distant, kiloparsec structure in the GH. We discuss the origin of apparent mismatch in the morphologies of the Fermi bubbles and the Loop I arc, suggesting a two-step explosion process in the GC.
An Alpine Malaise trap
Authors: Henry Shasta Claire , McQuillan Peter B. , Kirkpatrick James B.
Published: July 2018

The Southernmost region of Australia, the island of Tasmania, is also the most mountainous, with large areas of rugged alpine environments. This entomological frontier offers a distinct suite of insects for study including many endemic taxa. However, harsh weather, remote locations and rough terrain represent an environment too extreme for many existing insect trap designs. We report here on the design and efficacy of a new Alpine Malaise Trap (AMT), which can be readily hybridised with several other common insect trapping techniques. Advantages of the design include its light weight and portability, low cost, robustness, rapid deployment and long autonomous sampling period. The AMT was field tested in the Tasmanian highlands (AUST) in 2017. A total of 16 orders were collected. As expected, samples are dominated by Diptera. However, the trap also collected a range of flightless taxa including endemic and apterous species, Apteropanorpatasmanica – closest relative of the boreal, snow scorpionflies (Boreidae). Combined and compared with other trap types the Alpine Malaise Traps captured less specimens but of a greater diversity than passive sticky traps, while drop traps captured less specimens but a greater diversity than AMT. The statistical potential of the catch is discussed.
Towards an Energy Efficient Series Production of High Performance Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors by Selective Magnet Assembly
Authors: Meyer Alexander , Franke Jörg
Published: July 2018

When installing magnets on synchronous rotors, the target values of energy efficiency, vibration, noise emissions, power density and synchronism are decisively influenced by the quality of the rotor magnetic field. This depends on the real position of the magnets after mounting, on the polarization of the magnet and on the direction of magnetisation. However, large component tolerances in the magnet bodies also require tolerances in the rotor magnetic field. The quality assurance in the field of rotor production, which is largely lacking in the current state of the art, is compensated for by robust motor designs in order to keep the rejects low. Unconventional machine designs, such as the Halbach arrangement of the magnets, exploit optimization potential in terms of power density by eliminating the ferromagnetic component in the rotor and reduce harmonics due to the almost sinusoidal field shape, so that more efficient winding processes, such as linear winding in the stator with a constant low torque ripple compared to distributed winding, are used. At the same time, however, the requirement for homogeneity of the magnetic field increases due to the matching pairing of the magnets and the correct magnetic position when using sintered, isotropic rare earth magnets. By 100 % testing of magnets and rotors, it is possible on the one hand to exploit these design potentials and on the other hand to estimate the performance data of the motor before the final assembly test by means of data mining. In the framework of the E|MagTol project, the process feasibility of a logistics solution for storing magnetized goods has already been successfully investigated. In order to extend the potential uncovered in the previous project, it is necessary to record all process data of the rotor assembly process such as magnet geometry, magnet position, polarization and magnetization direction. The aim of E|S2MART is on the one hand to increase machine efficiency by compensating for component deviations by adapting or matching the magnetic position and magnetic parameters in a closed-loop control loop in the assembly process and on the other hand to significantly increase the energy efficiency of the assembly process. This is done by optimizing the magnetization process and coupling with inductive heating to replace the furnace process during the bonding process and to reduce the energy consumption during magnetization. On the basis of the existing process experience, the savings potential in the assembly process is estimated to be at least 70 % compared to conventional processes.
Smart Melting: Increasing Efficiency in Non-Ferrous Melting and Die-Casting Plants through Incident Management
Authors: Müller Stefan , Schlüter Wolfgang , Krieg Jakob
Published: July 2018

This study is part of the project Smart Melting in the research cooperation Green Factory Bavaria (GFB). The main targets of the project are the improvement of the key figure OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) and the reduction of the energy consumption in the non-ferrous die-casting industry. By implementing a software tool in the factory of an industrial partner, which collects the essential data to improve maintenance, a necessary requirement for an incident management is created. This article focuses on the current state of data acquisition in the plant of the industrial partner and the estimated potential of process improvement by an incident management system. The collected incident data of the producing die-casting machines are processed and analyzed. In the data analysis the incidents are classified according to their cause and assigned to the respective machine. The time to repair (TTR) and the time to failure (TTF) are investigated in order to obtain statistical probability distributions. The TTR is an exponentially distributed value and the TTF can be depicted using the Weibull distribution [1]. A simulation model based on statistically concentrated data is used to determine the effects of a better incident management on the key figure OEE. An improved maintenance reduces the number of incidents and increases the TTF. An improved incident management which shortens the downtime reduces the TTR. As a result of the improvements the availability factor of the OEE increases remarkably. Furthermore an increase of the quality factor (proportion of good parts) of the OEE can be expected.
E|Melt: Simulation-Driven Analysis of Energy Efficiency Measures inside Non-Ferrous Melting and Die-Casting Plants
Authors: Buswell Andreas , Schlüter Wolfgang
Published: July 2018

This paper describes the necessary measures to create an adaptable material flow and energy simulation for melting and die-casting plants. Based on two reference plants, the structural and intralogistical differences are emphasized and examined. These differences specify the necessary extensions to a previously created simulation environment in order to be able to analyze variable plant configurations. Special emphasis is put on the creation of a simplified energy model that allows the modeling of melting furnaces based on rudimentary datasets. Using the adaptable material flow and energy simulation two measures and their effects on the in-plant energy efficiency as well as productivity are analyzed. The simulation results suggest energy savings potentials for both plants and measures to increase productivity for one of the analyzed plants.
Electrical Functionalization of Interconnect Devices by Digital Printing - Evaluation of Properties and Long-Term Behaviour
Authors: Schirmer Julian , Roudenko Jewgeni , Reichenberger Marcus
Published: July 2018

Digital printing technologies are becoming increasingly important for modern electronics production. Besides inkjet printing for low viscosity inks, jetting of pasty materials such as PTF can be a viable alternative to traditional subtractive or additive metallization methods in the future. Hybrid printed electronics, a combination of printed circuitry with classical electronic components, offers many advantages such as low cost, environmental sustainability and others. Until now, the mechanical and electrical properties of printed pastes on molded substrates have not been investigated in detail, just as little as the long-term characteristics of interconnection technologies necessary to mount traditional electronic components onto printed substrates. In different test series, electrical resistance and adhesion of a special PTF material have been investigated. The long-term behavior of the material itself and three alternative interconnection technologies for mounting of SMT components has been evaluated. Results are encouraging, although still a lot of improvements are necessary.
Assessment Methodology for Efficiency, CO2-Emissions and Primary Energy Consumption for Refrigeration Technologies in the Industry
Authors: Koppmann Matthias , Lechner Raphael , Goßner Tom , Brautsch Markus
Published: July 2018

Process cooling and air conditioning are becoming increasingly important in the industry. Refrigeration is still mostly accomplished with compression chillers, although alternative technologies are available on the market that can be more efficient for specific applications. Within the scope of the project “EffiCool” a technology toolbox is currently being developed, which is intended to assist industrials users in selecting energy efficient and eco-friendly cooling solutions. In order to assess different refrigeration options a consistent methodology was developed. The refrigeration technologies are assessed regarding their efficiency, CO2-emissions and primary energy consumption. For CCHP systems an exergetic allocation method was implemented. Two scenarios with A) a compression chiller and B) an absorption chiller coupled to a natural gas CHP system were calculated exemplarily, showing a greater overall efficiency for the CCHP system, although the individual COP of the chiller is considerably lower.
Dynamic Analysis and Control of Hydraulic Machine System and Industrial Robotic Manipulators
Authors: Hwang Yunn Lin , Ta Thi Na , Tran Cao Sang
Published: July 2018

Dynamic control on hydraulic machine system and kinematic control on industrial robotic manipulators are two studied topics in this research. The main objective of this study is to analyze dynamic, forward kinematic and inverse kinematic on a couple of mechanical systems and hydraulic mechanical systems in order to control these machines. The characteristics of hydraulic and manipulator robot parameters are firstly calculated by using dynamic theories. In the former topic, we perform an example on CNC machine tools which is designing a hydraulic controller to move a cutting tool along a circular path. Dynamics analysis, forward kinematics and inverse kinematics of industrial robotic are archived in the latter topic. Two experiments were also performed on RRR and RRRRRR manipulators by analyzing the inverse kinematic equations to make these robots follow the desired trajectories. This study takes innovations and achieves control improvement in different systems with optimization controller or trajectory planning.
Effects of Interlayer on Mechanical Properties of Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings
Authors: Yao Sun Hui , Su Yean Liang , Lai Yu Chen , Wu Huang Ming
Published: July 2018

This paper reports comparative studies on effects of interlayer on mechanical properties of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings. Two interlayers, TiC/Ti and CrC/Cr, were deposited and studied. The DLC coatings were prepared by using an unbalanced magnetron sputtering system. The chemical composition, micro-structure, constituted phases, and fundamental mechanical and tribological properties were evaluated. The results showed that the two amorphous (a-) DLC coatings were obtained. The a-DLC coating with the TiC/Ti interlayer showed higher adhesion, hardness and wear resistance than the one with the CrC/Cr interlayer.
A Sustainable & Biologically Inspired Prosthetic Hand for Healthcare
Authors: Secco E. L. , Moutschen C. , Agidew T. F. , Nagar A. K.
Published: July 2018

There are many persons in the world affected by amputation. Upper limb amputations require high cost prosthetic devices in order to provide significant motor recovery. We propose a sustainable design and control of a new anthropomorphic prosthetic hand: all components are modular and exchangeable and they can be assembled by non-expert users. Phalanges & articulations of the fingers and the palm are manufactured via a 3D printing process in Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) or Polyactic Acid (PLA) materials. The design is optimized in order to provide human-like motion and grasping taxonomy through linear actuators and flexion tendon mechanisms, which are embedded within the palm. HardWare (HW) and Software (SW) open sourced units for ElectroMyography (EMG) input and control can be combined with a user-friendly and intuitive Graphical User Interface (GUI) to enable amputees handling the prosthesis. To reduce the environmental impact of the device lifetime cycle, the material and energy consumption were optimized by adopting: simple design & manufacturing, high dexterity, open source HW and SW, low cost components, anthropomorphic design.
Классификация решеток Пикара К3-поверхностей
Authors: Nikulin Viacheslav Valentinovich
Published: July 2018

Используя результаты наших статей [1]-[4] о классификации вырождений кэлеровых К3-поверхностей, классифицируются решетки Пикара кэлеровых К3-поверхностей. Под классификацией мы понимаем классификацию в зависимости от возможных конечных симплектических групп автоморфизмов и неособых рациональных кривых К3-поверхностей, если их решетка Пикара отрицательно определена.
Библиография: 23 наименования.
Hydrogen effect modeling on Ziegler-Natta catalyst and final product properties in propylene polymerization
Authors: Hossain Varshouee Gholam , Heydarinasab Amir , Vaziri Ali , Roozbahani Behrooz
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Hydrogen, as chain transfer agent, effects on kinetic of propylene polymerization; consequently variation of hydrogen concentration leads to change final product properties and also activates site of used catalyst. This phenomenon is one of the most important process variables is to adjust the final product properties and optimize the operating conditions. This work has attempted to present a mathematical model that cable to calculate the most important indices of end used product, such as melt flow index, number and weight average molecular weight and poly dispersity index. The model can predict profile polymerization rates determining important kinetic parameters such as the activation energy, lumped deactivation reaction initial reaction rate and deactivation constant. The mathematical model was implemented in Matlab/Simulink environment for slurry polymerization in laboratory scale. The modeling approach is based on polymer moment balance method in the slurry semi-batch reactor. In addition, in this work have provided a model that calculating fraction activated sites catalyst via hydrogen concentration. The model was validated by experimental data from lab scale, reactor. The experimental and model outputs were compared; consequently, the errors were within acceptable range.

KEY WORDS: Mathematical modeling, Propylene polymerization, Kinetics study, Hydrogen response, population balance

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2018, 32(2), 371-386.

DOI:https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v32i2.15
Fraudedetectie door tekstanalyse van jaarverslagen
Authors: Fissette Marcia , Veldkamp Bernard , de Vries Theo
Published: July 2018

Innovatieve fraudedetectiemethoden zijn nodig om aanwijzingen van fraude op tijd te signaleren en verdere schade te voorkomen. De focus van fraudeonderzoek in jaarverslagen is vaak gericht op de numerieke informatie. Jaarverslagen bevatten tekstuele informatie die ook indicaties van fraude bevat. Dit artikel beschrijft het onderzoek naar een methode voor tekstanalyse die gebruik maakt vanmachine learningom jaarverslagen automatisch te classificeren in de twee categorieën ‘fraude’ en ‘geen fraude’.
De belofte van Big Data
Authors: Groot Tom
Published: July 2018

-- geen abstract nodig --
Audit Research Summaries
Authors: Wallage Philip
Published: July 2018

n/a
Impact of upstream moisture structure on a back-building convective precipitation system in south-eastern France during HyMeX IOP13
Authors: Lee Keun-Ok , Flamant Cyrille , Duffourg Fanny , Ducrocq Véronique , Chaboureau Jean-Pierre
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The present study examines the impact of the environmental moisture structure in the lower troposphere (below 2 km above sea level, ASL) on the precipitation development, observed in southern France during intensive observation period 13 of the first Special Observation Period of the Hydrological cycle in the Mediterranean Experiment (HyMeX SOP-1), through a series of sensitivity experiments using the non-hydrostatic numerical model Meso-NH. The control simulation (CNTL) and all the other 12 sensitivity experiments examined in this study succeed in reproducing a heavy precipitation event (HPE) in the coastal mountainous region of Var in south-eastern France as observed. The sensitivity experiments are designed to investigate the response of the variability of the water vapour content upstream in the moist marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) and the drier air above on the HPE. The comparisons between CNTL and the 12 sensitivity experiments show how the life cycle of precipitation associated with the HPE, but also the upstream flow (over the sea), is modified, even for moisture contents changes of only 1 g kg−1 below 2 km ASL. Within the low-level wind convergence between southerlies and south-westerlies, a small increase of moisture content in the MABL prolongs moderate precipitation (≥ 5 mm in 15 min) and enlarges the area of weak precipitation (≥ 1 mm in 15 min). The moistening in the 1–2 km ASL layer, just above the MABL, prolongs the duration of moderate precipitation, for a similar total precipitation amount as in CNTL. The drier MABL and 1–2 km ASL layer shorten both the life-time of precipitation and the total precipitation amount with respect to CNTL. We also found that the moisture in the MABL has a stronger impact on producing enhanced precipitation (both in terms of amount and intensity) than the moisture just above (1–2 km ASL). Also it is worth noting that adding moisture in the MABL does not necessarily lead to enhanced precipitation amount. At the same time, the duration of moderate precipitation increases with increasing moisture as does the area covered by weak precipitations, while the area covered by the intense precipitation (≥ 30 mm) decreases. Despite a simplified moisture-profile modification approach, this study suggests that moisture structure in lower troposphere is a key for accurate prediction at short-term range of the timing and location of precipitation in the coastal mountainous region in southern France.
Exploring femtosecond laser ablation in single-particle aerosol mass spectrometry
Authors: Ramisetty Ramakrishna , Abdelmonem Ahmed , Shen Xiaoli , Saathoff Harald , Leisner Thomas , Mohr Claudia
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Size, composition, and mixing state of individual aerosol particles can be
analysed in real time using single-particle mass spectrometry (SPMS). In
SPMS, laser ablation is the most widely used method for desorption and
ionization of particle components, often realizing both in one single step.
Excimer lasers are well suited for this task due to their relatively high
power density (107–1010 W cm−2) in nanosecond (ns) pulses
at ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths and short triggering times. However, varying
particle optical properties and matrix effects make a quantitative
interpretation of this analytical approach challenging. In atmospheric SPMS
applications, this influences both the mass fraction of an individual
particle that is ablated, as well as the resulting mass spectral
fragmentation pattern of the ablated material. The present study explores the
use of shorter (femtosecond, fs) laser pulses for atmospheric SPMS. Its
objective is to assess whether the higher laser power density of the fs laser
leads to a more complete ionization of the entire particle and higher ion
signal and thus improvement in the quantitative abilities of SPMS. We
systematically investigate the influence of power density and pulse duration
on airborne particle (polystyrene latex, SiO2, NH4NO3,
NaCl, and custom-made core-shell particles) ablation and reproducibility of
mass spectral signatures. We used a laser ablation aerosol time-of-flight
single-particle mass spectrometer (LAAPTOF, AeroMegt GmbH), originally
equipped with an excimer laser (wavelength 193 nm, pulse width 8 ns, pulse
energy 4 mJ), and coupled it to an fs laser (Spectra Physics Solstice-100F
ultrafast laser) with similar pulse energy but longer wavelengths (266 nm
with 100 fs and 0.2 mJ, 800 nm with 100 fs and 3.2 mJ). We successfully
coupled the free-firing fs laser with the single-particle mass spectrometer
employing the fs laser light scattered by the particle to trigger mass
spectra acquisition. Generally, mass spectra exhibit an increase in ion
intensities (factor 1 to 5) with increasing laser power density
(∼ 109 to ∼ 1013 W cm−2) from ns to fs laser. At
the same time, fs-laser ablation produces spectra with larger ion fragments
and ion clusters as well as clusters with oxygen, which does not render
spectra interpretation more simple compared to ns-laser ablation. The idea
that the higher power density of the fs laser leads to a more complete
particle ablation and ionization could not be substantiated in this study.
Quantification of ablated material remains difficult due to incomplete
ionization of the particle. Furthermore, the fs-laser application still
suffers from limitations in triggering it in a useful time frame. Further
studies are needed to test potential advantages of fs- over ns-laser ablation
in SPMS.
Measuring rates of present-day relative sea-level rise in low-elevation coastal zones: A critical evaluation
Authors: Keogh Molly E. , Törnqvist Torbjörn E.
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Although tide gauges are the primary source of data used to calculate multi-decadal to century-scale rates of relative sea-level change, we question the reliability of tide-gauge data in rapidly subsiding low-elevation coastal zones (LECZs). Tide gauges measure relative sea-level rise (RSLR) with respect to the base of associated benchmarks. Focusing on coastal Louisiana, the largest LECZ in the United States, we find that these benchmarks (n = 35) are anchored an average of 21.5 m below the land surface. Because at least 60 % of subsidence occurs in the top 5–10 m of the sediment column in this area, tide gauges in coastal Louisiana do not capture the primary contributor to RSLR. Similarly, GPS stations (n = 10) are anchored an average of > 14.3 m below the land surface and therefore also do not capture shallow subsidence. As a result, tide gauges and GPS stations in coastal Louisiana, and likely in LECZs worldwide, systematically underestimate rates of RSLR as experienced at the land surface. We present an alternative approach that explicitly measures RSLR in LECZs with respect to the land surface and eliminates the need for tide-gauge data. Shallow subsidence is measured by rod surface-elevation table‒marker horizons (RSET-MHs) and added to measurements of deep subsidence from GPS data, plus sea-level rise from satellite altimetry. We show that for a LECZ the size of coastal Louisiana (25,000–30,000 km2), about 40 RSET-MH instruments suffice to collect useful data. Rates of RSLR obtained from this approach are substantially higher than rates as inferred from tide-gauge data. We therefore conclude that LECZs may be at higher risk of flooding, and within a shorter time horizon, than previously assumed.
Exploring EFL Teachers’ and Students’ Perceptions of Learner Autonomy in Egyptian Technical Schools
Authors: Mostafa Khalil Safaa , Desouky Ali Amira
Published: July 2018

This study aimed at exploring the perceptions of learner autonomy of 265 students and 89 EFL teachers in technical secondary schools in Egypt. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected through student questionnaire, teacher questionnaire, and teacher interviews. The findings revealed that the participants; students and teachers, have positive views about learner autonomy in language learning. Students were generally aware of the autonomy-boosting practices and teachers’ roles in fostering autonomy. Students were neutral about their ability to choose course materials and use appropriate strategies to learn English. The results also showed that EFL teachers had clear understanding of the concept of learner autonomy and were mostly aware of its importance in EFL classes. However, they perceived their students as non-autonomous due to individual and institutional challenges. Both students and teachers were unsure about the relation between cultural backgrounds and autonomy in language learning. Based on the results, some pedagogical implications and recommendations for future research for promoting learner autonomy in secondary technical schools have been provided.
“The whole world’s watching”: New Zealand, International Opinion, and the 1981 Springbok Rugby Tour
Authors: McDougall Hamish
Published: July 2018

The 1981 South Africa rugby tour of New Zealand brought widespread protest and global attention. It should be understood in an international context. Both anti-tour protestors and the New Zealand government viewed international perceptions of New Zealand as important and interacted with institutions and individuals around the world to influence them. For the New Zealand government, in addition to domestic considerations, relations with Britain were important for trade, geopolitical, and cultural reasons. Protestors drew inspiration from antiapartheid protests in Britain stretching back to the late 1950s, along with activism around Africa and throughout the Western world. The tour also needs to be viewed in the context of the cold war and international trade, which directly influenced British and U. S. policy toward South Africa and had a vicarious effect on New Zealand’s attitude toward South Africa sporting contacts.
Metodologia IRDI nas creches: relato de experiência na rede pública e privada
Authors: Cavaggioni Ana Paula Magosso , Tomaz de Oliveira Michelle Cristine , Benincasa Miria
Published: July 2018

Houve um aumento significativo no número de crianças de 0 a 3 anos que frequentam Centros de Educação Infantil (CEIs), o que torna fundamental a análise das consequências da coletivização precoce no desenvolvimento subjetivo das crianças. Este artigo descreve a experiência de acompanhamento de educadoras de bebês de 0 a 18 meses de idade, a partir da metodologia IRDI, realizada em dois CEIs: um da rede conveniada e outro da rede privada. O objetivo foi observar o impacto das diferenças encontradas nestas instituições em relação ao ambiente e ao cuidado com os bebês em seu desenvolvimento psíquico. Este artigo é um recorte da pesquisa Metodologia IRDI: uma intervenção com educadores a partir da psicanálise, desenvolvida em 2012 e 2013. Analisaram-se os IRDIs iniciais e finais de 17 crianças acompanhadas nessas instituições, bem como o resultado da Avaliação Psicanalítica aos 3 anos (AP3), articulando estes dados com as diferenças observadas nas duas instituições.
Significados das práticas de cuidado em saúde no ritual de iniciação do candomblé de Ketu
Authors: Barbosa Iury Pedro Bento , Calegare Fernanda Priscilla Pereira , Neves André Luiz Machado das , Silva Iolete Ribeiro da
Published: July 2018

Este artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa que teve como objetivo investigar os significados sobre práticas de cuidado em saúde dentro dos rituais iniciatórios nos terreiros de candomblé de Ketu produzidos por pais/mães de santo de Manaus/AM, a fim de problematizar práticas não hegemônicas de cuidado em saúde, bem como reconhecer a legitimidade desses processos. Foram utilizadas, como instrumento de produção de dados, entrevistas semiestruturadas, das quais participaram quatro pais/mães de santo do candomblé de raiz Ketu. O estudo está ancorado no referencial teórico da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural. Os resultados explicitam os significados dos pais/mães de santo considerando a dimensão histórica do cuidado em saúde no ritual de iniciação. Foram categorias semânticas trazidas pelos participantes: as ideias de contaminação e transmissão como reflexos de perspectivas higienistas; compreensão da importância do sangue como sendo elemento tanto de axé quanto de contaminação; a responsabilidade do pai de santo no processo de cuidado e de possíveis contaminações; o cuidado com as representações sociais acerca da casa de santo, com foco nas questões de contaminação e cuidado. Os significados construídos pelos participantes expressam-se de maneiras múltiplas e complexas, demandando que se tenha um olhar apurado acerca da religiosidade de matriz africana e a sua inserção social, marcada por tensões que podem contribuir com avanços para a sua compreensão, no campo religioso, de saúde e da ciência.
Contribuições do projeto Atlas Linguístico do Brasil para a metodologia de pesquisa geolingüística: o papel do inquiridor
Authors: Paim Marcela Moura Torres , Ribeiro Silvana Soares Costa
Published: July 2018

The methodological procedures used in the Linguistic Atlas of Brazil Project (ALiB) depart from the procedures traditionally used in the collection of dialect data by expanding the types of questionnaires - phonetic-phonological, semantic-lexical and morphosyntactic - and by including questions relating to prosody, pragmatics and metalinguistic aspects, as well as themes for eliciting semi-directed speech, and a text for reading. Thus, the Project aims at providing a larger set of data, contemplating less studied aspects of the Brazilian linguistic reality, such as variation in prosody, pragmatics, register and linguistic attitude. In this sense, this project presents aspects related to the methodological procedures in the ALiB Project surveys. In the present article, the interviewer’s role during the interviews, which are seen as unique experiences that far exceed the simple completion of the survey, will be highlighted, setting out the strategies used to achieve the desired data and to solve difficulties faced by interviewers in order to obtain certain responses.
Reinterpretando vazios dialetológicos no norte do Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Marilucia Barros , Costa Celiane Sousa , Paz Flávia Helena Da Silva
Published: July 2018

In the present article, we intend to present reflections on questions that are not easily answered when applying the Phonetic-Phonological Questionnaire (QFF) and the Semantic-Lexical Questionnaire (QSL). These questionnaires integrate the methodology of the Brazilian Linguistic Atlas Project (ALiB), a dialectological orientation project that aims to describe and map the variation and linguistic diversity of Brazilian Portuguese. We will focus specifically on the selection and analysis of questions used to collect data whose use presents difficulty when collecting. We limit ourselves to the presentation, reflection and discussion of questions 32 and 41 of the questionnaire applied by the ALiB. Question 32 integrates the QFF and aims to obtain the ‘abóbora’ (pumpkin) form. Question 41 is already part of the QSL and has as one of the expected variants ‘camomila’ (chamomile). The main hypothesis in the explanation of the facts is that there is pressure from social factors, not only from the classical factors, but also from the social evaluation of linguistic forms, as well as the historical-cultural factor, an integral part of the linguistic-cultural reality of any community investigated.
A Pesquisa Geolinguística em Áreas Indígenas Brasileiras: desafios e estratégias
Authors: Razky Abdelhak , Guedes Regis José da Cunha , Costa Eliane Oliveira da
Published: July 2018

This paper points to the theoretical and methodological issues involved in the subproject on Portuguese Language Atlas in Indigenous Areas (ALiPAI) part of the project GeoLinTerm coordinated by Abdelhak Razky (UFPA/UnB). The first results of ALiPAI are part of the doctoral thesis of Guedes (2017), which mapped the geosociolinguistic profile of Portuguese in contact with Tupí-Guarani languages in indigenous areas of Pará and Maranhão. The first experiences in the geolinguistic field research in Brazilian indigenous areas provided a confluence of research methodologies, especially Geosociolinguistics (RAZKY, 1998), Pluridimensional and Relational Dialectology (THUN, 1998) and Anthropological Linguistics (RODRIGUES, CABRAL, 2012). Ten informants were selected from each of the five network of points investigated (Suruí Aikewára, Asuriní do Tocantins, Tembé, Guajajára and Guaraní Mbyá). The questionnaires applied in these areas were developed by the National committee of the Linguistic Atlas of Brazil - ALiB: Phonetic-Phonological questionnaire (QFF) and Semantic Lexical Questionnaire (QSL). These questionnaires were adapted to include the correspondence request in the indigenous language for each one of the answers obtained in Portuguese. In addition, a complementary QFF and a Sociolinguistic Questionnaire were used. The paper also reflects on the necessary adaptations made in the methodology of geolinguistic research, to account for the geosociolinguistic characteristics of the ALiPAI target communities.
Estratégias para a Obtenção de Respostas nos Inquéritos do ALiB: a questão 054 (aftosa) nas capitais do Centro-Oeste e Sudeste
Authors: Yida Vanessa , Gholmie Myriam Rossi Sleiman , Vasconcelos Celciane Alves
Published: July 2018

Based on the theoretical-methodological precepts of Dialectology and Sociolinguistic, this article aims at describing the strategies used by the inquirers of the Linguistic Atlas of Brazil Project (ALiB) in the reformulation of question 054 from the phonetic-phonological questionnaire (QFF) to obtain the answer aftosa (foot-and-mouth disease) in interviews carried out in the Midwest and Southeast capitals. Therefore, we recollect the historic route of Geolinguistics and of the Project ALiB, we reflect on the steps of the geolinguistic research, focusing on the inquirer’s conduct , we comment on the relevance of world knowledge and shared knowledge of informant and inquirer for the success of studies of this nature, and finally, we analyze the strategies of the inquirer to obtain the corresponding answer to the question aforementioned, making brief comments about the socio-economic formation of the regions in question. The corpus of this study consists of interviews from the surveys of the Project ALiB, which reveal that aftosa, because it is a variant connected to the country life, was mentioned mostly by speakers of the Midwest, whereas in the Southeast, there are more reformulations of the questions, probably because this word is not part of these informants’ daily life.
Praticando a interdisciplinaridade no ensino de geografia por meio das tiras em quadrinhos e cartuns
Authors: Souza Vitor Ferreira de , Souza Drielle Caroline Izaias Juvino
Published: July 2018

Charges, cartuns e tiras em quadrinhos são alguns recursos didáticos que podem contribuir diretamente para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem no ensino de geografia, pois focalizam temas inerentes da ciência geográfica para compreensão do contexto socioambiental das diferentes escalas (local, regional, nacional e global) do planeta. Nesta perspectiva, o presente artigo traz reflexões de uma prática pedagógica realizada em uma escola municipal de São José do Rio Preto, no Estado de São Paulo, com dois 9º anos utilizando tiras em quadrinhos e cartuns com o intuito de potencializar a internalização de determinados conteúdos trabalhados em sala de aula. Durante a realização prática buscou-se dialogar com a disciplina de língua portuguesa, trazendo como foco dessa parceria a busca pela interdisciplinaridade, que trouxe desafios profícuos para a concretização da prática ao longo do caminho.
“Written barracks.” On the Production and Circulation of Newsletters in the Internment Camps of Southwest France
Authors: Adámez Castro Guadalupe
Published: July 2018

Around half a million Spanish exiles crossed the French border in the  Pyrenees between January and February of 1939. They were looking for shelter in anticipation of the overthrow of the Spanish Second Republic. The reception of the exiles in France was rather hostile, and approximately a quarter of a million of them were locked up in internment or concentration camps that French authorities improvised or reactivated camps of WWI. The exiles were defeated and they were deprived of freedom and forced to live in insalubrious conditions. The refugees used writing and culture as a strategy to resist, and as a means to hang on to their personal, familial, social and ideological identities. As a result of their cultural activity, a wide range of newsletters and diaries were edited in the internment camps despite the scarcity of resources. The refugees used these writings as a means of entertainment but also to spread their own doctrines. This article analyzes some 30 newsletters produced by a variety of groups in the camps: political groups, which were mostly linked to the field of education, different intellectuals and members of the International Brigades. The main goal of this work is to disentangle how the newsletters were produced, discuss the aims of the different publications and show how the texts were circulated and exchanged within the internment camps. Ultimately, the purpose of this work is to demonstrate the meaning of these communications for their authors and their readers and examine how the texts were used to reconstruct their lost identity.
La publicidad nos alcanza
Authors: Dornelles Sabrine
Published: July 2018

El libro reseñado aporta una visión de lo que se aprende con la publicidad. Es un análisis de los mensajes publicitarios en España y su aportación a la construcción de la mentalidad de la sociedad española. Se defiende que la Publicidad es un motor del avance de la sociedad.