bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Crash Course from Iceland
Authors: Þorsteinsson Huginn Freyr
Published: August 2020

The years between 2006 and 2008 are key in understanding the Icelandic economic crisis. One of the main questions one gets when discussing the lessons from Iceland is: Was the quick recovery due to how the country ‘burned’ the creditors? Myth has it that when things got tough for the banks, the Icelandic government denied to bail them out and the country therefore escaped the difficult long-term consequence felt by, for example, Ireland. But that is a serious distortion of what happened. The Icelandic banks were on Central Bank life support from 2006 to 2008. It was only when the CBI ran out of steam that an alternative approach in crisis management was put in place. For admirers of historical contingencies, this case is of interest. Iceland did not take a calculated decision to let the banks fail, but an attempted bail-out failed. This meant that that its tackling of a banking crisis took an unexpected turn as banks were put into administration; a move only considered in the face of failure. And despite the route taken by Iceland, the total cost of the economic crisis for the State has surpassed Ireland’s and is one of the costliest any sovereign has faced in the ongoing crisis. This is interesting, given the ongoing discussion about the Icelandic ‘miraculous’ escape from an economic crisis and that the possibilities countries face during crisis management may be many more than those that are discussed.
MEME DI ERA DIGITAL DAN BUDAYA SIBER
Authors: Murfianti Fitri
Published: August 2020

Abstract The rapid dissemination of meme cannot be separated from the development of communication technology. Memes that circulate are not just a joke but a reflection of offline reality and presented with interesting visuals. Image processing technology encourages people to be more creative. This study focuses on the process of consumption, production, and distribution of internet memes and the formation of cyberculture because of these process by using the literature study method. In consuming this internet meme commodity, a "work of consumption" process is needed. When the audience consumes information, it also has a "work of production" .The effort when the audience consumes and reproduces these information is called "work in progress". In consuming internet memes, there are several underlying motives, namely entetainment motives, self-expression motives, socializing and community building mottives, and informativeness Motives. Today Meme internet develops into a new communication style as a form of participatory digital culture. Cyber culture that is formed is the result of the construction of virtual identities that combine to form a new cultureKeyword : Internet Meme, Digital Era, Cyberculture
PETA TEORITIK PENGKAJIAN TEATER: DARI TEORI STRUKTURALIS SAMPAI POSTRUKTURALIS
Authors: Novianto Wahyu
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article tries to map out the structuralist and poststructuralist theories as the basis of theater studies. So far, the studies of theater performed by theater academics have always been based on structuralist views; examining aspects of form, meaning, style and exclude the human aspects as forming agents of the structure. Structuralist view is antihumanist. It says that the sign has meaning when it is associated with other signs in a systematic unity of structure and not from its relation to the individu (artists). According to poststructuralist view, it is very possible to do a cultural study of theatrical text by looking at the interrelationship between one text and another outside, including social, cultural, literary, political, and other texts that are present randomly and overlapping (juxtaposition). Therefore, this theoretical mapping needs to be done in order to enrich the theater academics to conduct theater performances studies.Keywords: studies, theoretical map, structuralist, poststructuralist
NGELIK SILIHAN DALAM KARAWITAN GAYA SURAKARTA
Authors: Ambarwati Uni , Suyoto Suyoto
Published: August 2020

This study examines ngelik silihan in Surakarta style music. The problems revealed in this study are (1) How can ngelik in Surakarta style music, (2) Why does the Eling-eling ladrang dish generally use ngelik?, (3) Any factors that support a loan of ngelik silihan. This research is a qualitative research, data obtained from literature studies, observations, and interviews. The theory used as the basis for analyzing in accordance with the formulation of the problem is the creativity theory by Wallas about the process of creativity, and the theory of musical interaction by Benjamin Briner about musical interactions that occur in gending, and the theory of melodic contour by Judith Bekker about the melody flow obtained in theory worked on by Rahayu Supanggah, in the theory of the melodic contour it can emphasize the problem of the melody flow in the interconnected selection. The results of this study found that the use of ngelik silihan there are three factors, namely: 1. Shifting the function of the presentation, 2. Creativity of the artists. The use of ngelik silihan with consideration of the same melodic and song gong grooves, so that it is aligned with the borrowed portion of the loan, 3. Pathet factors for the lending and borrowed selection. In addition there is a historical statement that the Pangkur ladrang borrowed the Eling-eling ladrang. Information on the artist community that the Eling-eling ladrang borrowed the Pangkur ladrang, the reasons are: 1. Recognition of the perpetual artists acquired, 2. Manuscripts in the Mloyowidodo notation book, 3. Commercial cassette tapes which first popularized the Eling-ladrang ladrang from at Pangkur ladrang.Keywords: Ngelik, Silihan, Song, Sèlèh, Gending.
Health Related Quality of Life of Children with Congenital Heart Disease Attending at Tertiary Level Hospital
Authors: Mishra Tulashi Adhikari , Sharma Pratima
Published: August 2020

Background: Congenital heart disease is one of the common congenital anomaly among the children affecting growth and development of the child and increasing susceptibility of the child to failure to thrive. The objective of the study is to find out the overall health related quality of life of children with congenital heart disease.Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out among 150 children with congenital heart disease attending in the pediatric out-patient department of Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre, Bansbari, Kathmandu. The data was collected within the period of 2017/07/16 to 2017/08/16 using purposive sampling technique. Data was collected through interview technique using semi structured questionnaire. Collected data were entered in Statistical Package for Social Science 16 version and analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: The study findings revealed that more than half (52.7%) of the children had satisfactory overall health related quality of life. Health related quality of life is significantly associated with age group of the child (p=0.018), and education of mother (p=0.017)).Conclusions: It can be concluded that more than half of the children tends to have satisfactory overall health related quality of life.Ventricular septal defect is the commonest congenital heart disease. The health related quality of life of children with congenital heart disease tends to be better among those with educated mother and increasing age of the children. Therefore, awareness raising of mothers related to disease condition and care of children with congenital heart disease through mass media or proper intervention program might help to promote the quality of life of children with congenital heart disease. Keywords: Congenital heart disease; health related quality of life.
Outline of Hand and Wrist Injuries Presenting to an Emergency of a Tertiary Care Centre in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Shilu , Tamrakar Subidha , Banskota Ashok K
Published: August 2020

Background: Hand and wrist injuries are getting commoner with increasing incidence of injuries and accidents. This study aims to identify the prevalence and pattern of hand and wrist injuries presenting to the emergency department of a tertiary care center of Nepal.Methods: The study was conducted through review of electronic data of the patient in the emergency department database for the period of 1 Nov 2005 till 31 Oct 2015.Data was extracted in Microsoft Excel 2007 andanalyzed to measure incidence and pattern of the hand and wrist injuries.Results: There were2899 number of patients with hand and wrist injuries during the period. Most were males (80%) and commonest age group was 20-29 years. Majority of the injuries were due to road traffic accident (n=786, 27.11%), fall injury (n=696, 24.09%), cut injury with sharps (n=404, 13.94%) and machinery injury (n=319, 11%). The commonest presenting injuries were hand fractures (n=1820, 62.8%) followed by distal radius fracture (n=613, 21.1%), crush injury of hand (n=409, 14.1%), and cut injury (n= 406, 14%). Almost half, 48.84 % cases were discharged from the emergency department with preliminary or definitive management.Conclusions: Hand and wrist injuries constitute a substantial number of casesseen and managed in the emergency department.Therefore, public health measures should be taken to reduce RTI, fall injury and occupational accidents. Andit is of paramount importance that emergency care giver attends these injuries properly and timely and establishes a good referral system as and when necessary.Keywords: Emergency; epidemiology; hand injury; Nepal; wrist injury
Business Cycles in a Dynamic General Equilibrium Model with Monopolistic and Perfect Competition
Authors: ZHANG Wei-bin
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study is to explain business
cycles by developing a neoclassical growth model with perfect and monopolistic
competition. The study generalizes the model by Zhang (2019) by making all the
constant coefficients to be time dependent. The model determines income and
wealth distribution on the basis of Walrasian general equilibrium theory,
neoclassical growth theory, and Dixit-Stiglitz monopolistic competitive theory.
The paper makes a unique contribution to the literature of economic growth with
perfect and monopolistic competition by showing existence of business cycles
due to exogenous shocks in the model with the economic mechanisms in the three
main models of economic theory. The study shows how different shocks cause business
cycles as argued by real business theory in macroeconomics.
Kading, T. (Ed.). (2018). No straight lines: Local leadership and the path from government to governance in small cities. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary Press.
Authors: Jilks Jennifer
Published: August 2020

What does it mean to live in a small city? Metropolises tend to get a lot of attention, but many Canadians spend their lives in significantly smaller urban centres. Social issues in smaller cities are fueled by the same systemic problems faced in larger centres, and there’s some important work being done to address these problems. In this edition, we examine how action research explores issues around critiquing and reconceiving community in small cities.
Creating Productive Tensions: Clinicians Working with Patients as Peer Researchers in a Community-Based Participatory Research Study of the Lived Experience of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)
Authors: Ibáñez-Carrasco Francisco , Terpstra Alexander Roy , Rourke Sean , Yamamoto Aiko , Chan Carusone Soo Ying , Baltzer-Turje Rosalind , McDougall Patrick , Medina Claudia , O'Brien Kelly K. , Worthington Catherine
Published: August 2020

About 50% of people living with HIV will develop HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) during their lifetime, and we know that cognitive issues are a concern for people living with HIV. However, limited information exists regarding how HAND is managed and coped with, or how cognitive issues are discussed with others, including health care professionals. Following a community-based research approach, we conducted 25 interviews in 2016 aimed to (1) build the capacity of people living with HIV, (2) facilitate participant recruitment and data collection, (3) increase the validity and reliability of our data analysis results, and (4) facilitate knowledge transfer and exchange regarding HAND. After thorough training, we engaged a number of peer researchers living with HAND in the analysis and knowledge transfer and exchange (KTE) phases of the study. This engagement prompted a number of tensions between the clinicians and the peers that we learned to navigate and make productive. We conclude that it is possible to engage patients and providers only if careful attention, time and human resources are provided to navigating the emerging tensions. The outcomes of our study suggest that engaging an interdisciplinary team across multiple sites with PRAs is a valuable method for comprehensively exploring the lived experience of a complex chronic condition such as HAND.
Mapping Complexity in an Elementary Mathematics Classroom
Authors: Throop Robinson Evan
Published: August 2020

To develop the mathematical discourse of an elementary classroom, I designed an action research project around an intervention of Open Space Technology (OST). Guided by the theoretical perspective of complexity thinking, OST principles created a ‘space’ or a new structure for learning, where participants self-organized according to interests and needs around a common purpose. I focused this article on the design of a mapping methodology I created for OST to provide teacher-researchers with a tool that may lead, in conjunction with a framework for discourse analysis, to a better understanding of how student movement and interactions promote productive math talk.
From Complexity to Information Geometry and Beyond
Authors: Ghikas Demetris P. K.
Published: August 2020

Complex Systems are ubiquitous in nature and man-made systems. In natural sciences, in social and economic models and in mathematical constructions are studied and analyzed, are applied in practical problems but without a clear and universal definition of "complexity", let alone classification and quantification. Following the "three-level scheme" of physical theories, observations/experiments, phenomenology, microscopic interactions, we need, starting from the experience of observation to establish appropriate phenomenological parameters and concepts, and in conjunction with a possible knowledge of the nature of microscopic structures to deepen our understanding of a particular system which we "understand as complex". Information Geometry seems to be a useful phenomenological framework, which using generalized entropies, provides some classification and quantification tools. But we need the next level, microscopic structure and interactions of the parts of complex systems. A useful direction is the conceptual niche of hyper-networks and super graphs, where a strong involvement of algebra offers concrete techniques. We believe that appropriate algebraic structures may systematize our approach to microscopic structures of complex systems, and help associate the information geometric phenomenology with concrete properties. In this paper after a short discussion of the problem of "definition of complexity", we introduce our information geometric quantities derived from generalized entropies. Then we present our results of application of information geometry for classification of complex systems. Finally we present our ideas for an abstract algebraic approach which may offer a framework for the microscopic study of complex systems.
Information Geometry Tools for Shape Analysis
Authors: De Sanctis Angela , Gattone Stefano Antonio
Published: August 2020

In this work, the use of Information Geometry tools in Shape Analysis is investigated. Landmarks of complex shapes are represented as probability distributions in a statistical manifold where geodesics with respect to different Riemannian metrics could be defined. Geodesics are considered both for studying the shape evolution in time and for deriving shape distances to be used in shape clustering.
PENERAPAN MASSASE ABDOMEN UNTUK MENGATASI KONSTIPASI PADA PASIEN STROKE NON HAEMORAGIK DI RSUD ADHYATMA SEMARANG
Authors: Meivita Dewi , W Maulidta Karunianingtyas
Published: August 2020

Komplikasi pada sistem gastointesinal adalah kasus yang sering di temukan setelah serangan stroke,komplikasi gastrointestinal seperti konstipasi didapatkan pada 7,9% pasca stroke. Konstipasi diartikan sebagaiakibat penurunan mobilitas kolon sehingga memperpanjang waktu transit feses di kolon dan berakibatkandungan air harus tetap diabsorpsi dari massa feses sehingga feses menjadi kering, keras dan sukardikeluarkan dalam proses defekasi. Salah satu tindakan untuk mengatasi konstipasi yaitu massase abdomen.Tujuan dari studi kasus ini yaitu untuk mengetahui efektifitas massase abdomen terhadap konstipasi pasienstroke non haemoragik. Metode yang digunakan yaitu one grub pretest posttest. Jumlah sample dalam studikasus ini sebanyak 2 orang pasien stroke non haemoragik. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pasien belum BAB selama3 hari, dan setelah diberikan intervensi massase abdomen, responden belum dapat BAB dengan lancar.Kesimpulan yang didapat dari kedua responden bahwa massase abdomen belum mampu mengatasi konstipasisecara signifikan.
SPARCL1 Influences Bovine Skeletal Muscle-Derived Satellite Cell Migration and Differentiation through an ITGB1-Mediated Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wang Yuxin , Liu Shuaiyu , Yan Yunqin , Li Shufeng , Tong Huili
Published: August 2020

As an extracellular matrix protein, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC)-like 1 (SPARCL1) is involved in various cell functions. It was previously implicated in bovine skeletal muscle-derived satellite cell (MDSC) differentiation; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry revealed that integrin β1 (ITGB1) combines with SPARCL1. Further, co-immunoprecipitation demonstrated that SPARCL1 interacts with ITGB1. Cell scratch assays explored the influence of SPARCL1 on MDSC migration through ITGB1. In addition, desmin staining for myotube fusion rate and MyoD protein expression results showed that SPARCL1 promotes MDSC early differentiation through ITGB1. Furthermore, Western blotting results demonstrated that SPARCL1 regulates the expression of p-FAK, p-paxillin, vinculin, Cdc42, and Arp2/3 through ITGB1. These findings indicate that SPARCL1 may influence bovine MDSC migration and differentiation through an ITGB1-mediated cell signaling pathway. Herein, we elucidated the mechanism through which SPARCL1 affects MDSC differentiation. Our results provide insight into the molecular mechanism of muscle development and may in the future facilitate skeletal muscle regeneration and treatment.
Numerical Investigation of Unsteady Flow and Aerodynamic Noise Characteristics of an Automotive Axial Cooling Fan
Authors: Mo Jang-oh , Choi Jae-hyuk
Published: August 2020

Low-speed axial cooling fans are frequently used to manage engine temperature by ensuring that adequate quantities of air pass through heat exchangers, even at low vehicle speeds or in the idle condition. This study aims to provide a better understanding of the unsteady flow behavior around an automotive axial cooling fan with seven blades and its impact on the aerodynamic noise generation. Large Eddy Simulation (LES) near the near-field region and the Ffowcs-Williams and Hawkinbygs (FW-H) method were performed to analyze the flow characteristics around the fan and predict the aerodynamic noise emitted from the fan under a constant rotational speed of 2100 rpm. The simulation results for the velocity distributions and aerodynamic noise were compared with the experimental data measured by single hot-wire probe and in a dead-sound room. The results showed a comparatively good agreement upstream and downstream from the fan and at two different receivers of 0.5 m and 1.0 m. When the fan was rotating, a strong tonal noise numerically existed near the leading edge of the blades at the tip and amounted to 110 dB sound pressure level (SPL) caused by the increasing angles of attack with the increasing radial velocity near the ring, which caused the entire air foil to emit a low-frequency noise. Furthermore, the different SPL decay characteristics of approximately 5 dB in the near-field region and 6 dB in the far-field region were observed each time the distance from the fan doubles. The findings of this research can provide important insights into the design of axial fans with low noise and high performance.
Preparation of Microcapsules of Urea Formaldehyde Resin Coated Waterborne Coatings and Their Effect on Properties of Wood Crackle Coating
Authors: Yan Xiaoxing , Peng Wenwen
Published: August 2020

Urea formaldehyde coated waterborne acrylic resin microcapsules with core-wall ratios of 0.30, 0.45, 0.60, 0.67, and 0.75, and mass fractions of 1.0%, 4.0%, 7.0%, 10.0%, 13.0%, and 16.0% were prepared by in situ polymerization. Their micro morphology was examined by scanning electron microscope and infrared spectrum measurements. The gloss, color difference, adhesion, hardness, and impact resistance of the coating surface were investigated in detail. The influence of the core-wall ratio on the performance of the waterborne crackle coating on the wood surface and the self-healing performance were examined. The results showed that when the core-wall ratio of microcapsules was 0.67, an evenly dispersed powder state with particle size of about 3 μm microcapsules was obtained, and the highest coverage was achieved. When the mass fraction of the microcapsule was 4.0%, it had the optimum effect on surface performance. The adhesion was grade two, gloss was 10.9%, impact resistance was 15 kg·cm, chromatic aberration was 1.0, hardness was H, and it had the best effect on the healing of microcracks in the wood coating. As the coating added with microcapsules can inhibit the microcracks of the coating and plays a protective role for the substrate to achieve a self-healing effect, this study lays a technical foundation for the self-healing of surface cracks in coatings for wood.
A Study on an Out-of-Step Detection Algorithm Using the Time Variation of Complex Power: Part I, Mathematical Modeling
Authors: Lee You-Jin , Heo Jeong-Yong , Kwon O-Sang , Kim Chul-Hwan
Published: August 2020

Power quality and stability have become the most important issues in power system operations, Micro Grids, and Smart Grids. Sensitive equipment can be seriously damaged when exposed to unstable power swing conditions. An unstable system may cause serious damage to Micro Grid System elements such as generators, transformers, transmission lines, and so forth. Therefore, out-of-step detection is essential for the safe operation of a Micro Grid system. In general, Equal Area Criterion (EAC) is a method for evaluating the stability of Smart Grid systems. However, EAC can be performed only if it is possible to analyze the active power and generator angle. This paper presents an analysis of the trajectory of complex power using a mathematical model. The variation of complex power is analyzed using a mathematical method, and then the relationship between complex power and EAC is presented, and a simulation performed. Later, in part II, a novel out-of-step detection algorithm based on part I will be presented and tested.
Optimal Site Selection for a Solar Power Plant in the Mekong Delta Region of Vietnam
Authors: Wang Chia-Nan , Viet Van Tran Hoang , Ho Thanh Phong , Nguyen Van Thanh , Husain Syed Tam
Published: August 2020

Following the recent development trend in the struggle for cleaning the earth’s environment, solar is the one of most promising area that can partially be used as a replaceable energy from non-renewable fuel sources. As such, it plays a significant role in protecting the environment from global warming. As solar power does not emit harmful gases into the atmosphere, its production, distribution, setup, and operation are vital should the production remain constant. Even solar energy waste emissions are small; when compared to current energy sources, the amount of harmful gases is negligible. This paper presented an integrated approach for site of solar plants by using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Fuzzy Analytical Network Process (FANP). Furthermore, these integrated methodologies, incorporated with the most relevant parameters of requirements for solar plants, are introduced. First, the paper considers an integrated hierarchical DEA and FANP model for the optimal geographical location of solar plants in Mekong Delta Region, Vietnam. Using the proposed model for implementation would allow the renewable energy policy makers to select and control the optimal location for allocating and constructing a solar energy power plant in Vietnam. This is the preferred strategy for location optimization problems associated with solar plant units in Vietnam and around the world.
Source Diagnosis of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System Oscillation Based on Data Driven
Authors: Fu Xiaowei , Liu Yanlin , Li Xi
Published: August 2020

The solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a new energy technology that has the advantages of low emissions and high efficiency. However, oscillation and propagation often occur during the power generation of the system, which causes system performance degradation and reduced service life. To determine the root cause of multi-loop oscillation in an SOFC system, a data-driven diagnostic method is proposed in this paper. In our method, kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) and transfer entropy were applied to the system oscillation fault location. First, based on the KPCA method and the Oscillation Significance Index (OSI) of the system process variable, the process variables that were most affected by the oscillations were selected. Then, transfer entropy was used to quantitatively analyze the causal relationship between the oscillation variables and the oscillation propagation path, which determined the root cause of the oscillation. Finally, Granger causality (GC) analysis was used to verify the correctness of our method. The experimental results show that the proposed method can accurately and effectively locate the root cause of the SOFC system’s oscillation.
Iron Phthalocyanine/Graphene Composites as Promising Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Park Jong S. , Chang Dong Wook
Published: August 2020

Recently, the development of non-precious electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has become important in replacing currently employed platinum (Pt)-based catalysts. Although Pt-based catalysts exhibit satisfactory ORR performances, their high price, easy methanol/CO2 poisoning, and poor long-term stability significantly hamper the forward movement of fuel cell technology. Among the various candidates, graphene-supported iron phthalocyanine (FePc) composites have attracted great attention because of their unique advantages, including low cost, good dimensional stability, high durability, and tunable catalytic activity. In the composite catalyst, FePc molecules are immobilized on graphene via noncovalent or covalent interactions. In addition, two-dimensional graphene substrates can improve not only the electrical conductivity of the composite, but also the dispersion of FePc molecules, triggering a significant improvement in the catalytic properties of the composite catalyst. Herein, we summarize the recent advances in FePc/graphene composite catalysts used for the ORR. Moreover, we discuss the challenges and future perspectives of this promising field.
Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors and Their Association with Self-Regulation in Chilean Children
Authors: López-Gil José Francisco , Oriol-Granado Xavier , Izquierdo Mikel , Ramírez-Vélez Robinson , Fernández-Vergara Omar , Olloquequi Jordi , García-Hermoso Antonio
Published: August 2020

Background: Self-regulation comprises a series of important competencies, such as the ability to control inner states or responses toward thoughts, attention, emotions, or even performance. The relationship between self-regulation and different healthy lifestyle behaviors among children has not been examined in depth to date. The aim of this study was to explore the association between physical activity, screen time levels, and/or Mediterranean Diet adherence and self-regulation in Chilean children. Methods: A total of 1561 children aged 8–12 years from eight public schools with low socioeconomic status were included. Physical activity, screen time, Mediterranean Diet, and self-regulation were assessed with validated questionnaires. Results: Children who were classified as active or those who reported less than 2 h per day of screen time had higher self-regulation than those who were classified as inactive or counterparts with 2 h per day or more of screen time, respectively. Using joint categories, active children both with low and high screen time showed higher self-regulation compared to inactive/high screen time peers. Additionally, active groups with adherence or non-adherence to the Mediterranean Diet had higher self-regulation compared to inactive and non-adherence peers. Conclusion: Having a greater number of healthy habits, mainly regular physical activity, was associated with higher self-regulation, which might be one potential strategy to promote child social-emotional development.
Psychosocial Resources for Hedonic Balance, Life Satisfaction and Happiness in the Elderly: A Path Analysis
Authors: Lara Raquel , Vázquez Mᵃ Luisa , Ogallar Adelaida , Godoy-Izquierdo Débora
Published: August 2020

We explored possible paths from physical and mental health-related quality of life, self-efficacy, optimism, and social support to happiness in older adults, considering hedonic balance and life satisfaction as mediators. A total of 154 Spanish male and female (50%) older adults (65–96 years old, M = 77.44, SD = 8.03; 64% noninstitutionalized elderly) voluntarily participated in this correlational, cross-sectional study. The participants completed self-reports on their perceived health status, self-efficacy, social support, optimism, and global subjective well-being (SWB) as well as its dimensions. Path analysis was used to examine direct and indirect relationships. The final model had an excellent fit with the data (χ2(10) = 11.837, p = 0.296, χ2/df = 1.184; SRMR = 0.050, CFI = 0.994, RMSEA = 0.035), revealing the unique causal effects of all the included predictors on happiness. With the exception of self-efficacy, the psychosocial resources predicted older adults’ current happiness, and this relationship was fully mediated by hedonic balance and life satisfaction, which were found to be putative intermediary factors for SWB. Self-efficacy in turn predicted the remaining psychosocial resources. Our findings extend the existing evidence on the influences of health-related quality of life, self-efficacy, optimism, and social support on SWB. Furthermore, they support the proposal of hedonic balance and life satisfaction as dimensions of SWB, thus supporting the tripartite hierarchical model of happiness. These results may inform future interventions seeking to improve happiness in late adulthood.
Big Data Analysis of Media Reports Related to COVID-19
Authors: Jung Ji-Hee , Shin Jae-Ik
Published: August 2020

COVID-19 is lasting longer than expected, which has a huge impact on the economy and on personal life. Each country has a different response method, and the damage scale is also distinct. This study aims to find out how COVID-19-related news was handled in the domestic media to seek ways to minimize the pandemic. The paper focuses on the number of news features by period and by disaster and analyzes related words based on big data. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, in the initial response phase, keywords to identify accurate sources of actual broadcast contents, fake news, social networking service (SNS), etc. were also ranked in the top 20. Second, in the active response phase, when the number of confirmed persons and the government’s countermeasures were announced, more than 100 COVID-19-related articles were issued, and the related words increased rapidly from the initial response stage. Therefore, the fact that COVID-19 has been expressed as a keyword indicates that our society is watching with great interest in the government’s response to the disease.
The Quality of Life, Psychological Health, and Occupational Calling of Korean Workers: Differences by the New Classes of Occupation Emerging Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kim Young-Jae , Kang Seung-Woo
Published: August 2020

This study aimed to create new classifications for occupations that have emerged from the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea, based on Reich’s classifications for the United States. We examined Korean workers’ occupational calling, psychological health, and quality of life. An online questionnaire was administered and data from 1029 Korean workers were analyzed. The questionnaire comprised the Korean version of the Multidimensional Calling Measure to assess occupational calling, the Psychosocial Well-being Index-short form for psychological health, and the Control, Autonomy, Self-realization, and Pleasure (CASP-19) scale for quality of life. We created a Korean-adapted version of the classes of occupation based on those created by the COVID-19 situation in the USA. Our results showed that Korean workers had a high perceived calling to work, and different classes showed different levels of quality of life and psychological health. We need a health concentration management system for essential groups or personal safety protection equipment should be provided. Education on infection control should be offered and effective medical system processes should be in place. We need to develop technology to respond to medical needs online, remotely, or telephonically. The government should implement policies to ensure job security and to improve wages and welfare.
Aromatase Inhibitors—Induced Musculoskeletal Disorders: Current Knowledge on Clinical and Molecular Aspects
Authors: Tenti Sara , Correale Pierpaolo , Cheleschi Sara , Fioravanti Antonella , Pirtoli Luigi
Published: August 2020

Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) have radically changed the prognosis of hormone receptor positive breast cancer (BC) in post-menopausal women, and are a mainstay of the adjuvant therapy for BC after surgery in place of, or following, Tamoxifen. However, AIs aren’t side effect-free; frequent adverse events involve the musculoskeletal system, in the form of bone loss, AI-associated arthralgia (AIA) syndrome and autoimmune rheumatic diseases. In this narrative review, we reported the main clinical features of these three detrimental conditions, their influence on therapy adherence, the possible underlying molecular mechanisms and the available pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. The best-known form is the AIs-induced osteoporosis, whose molecular pathway and therapeutic possibilities were extensively investigated in the last decade. AIA syndrome is a high prevalent joint pain disorder which often determines a premature discontinuation of the therapy. Several points still need to be clarified, as a universally accepted diagnostic definition, the pathogenetic mechanisms and satisfactory management strategies. The association of AIs therapy with autoimmune diseases is of the utmost interest. The related literature has been recently expanded, but many issues remain to be explored, the first being the molecular mechanisms.
Proteome-Wide Analyses Provide New Insights into the Compatible Interaction of Rice with the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne graminicola
Authors: Xiang Chao , Yang Xiaoping , Peng Deliang , Kang Houxiang , Liu Maoyan , Li Wei , Huang Wenkun , Liu Shiming
Published: August 2020

The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola is an important pathogen in rice, causing huge yield losses annually worldwide. Details of the interaction between rice and M. graminicola and the resistance genes in rice still remain unclear. In this study, proteome-wide analyses of the compatible interaction of the japonica rice cultivar “Nipponbare” (NPB) with M. graminicola were performed. In total, 6072 proteins were identified in NPB roots with and without infection of M. graminicola by label-free quantitative mass spectrometry. Of these, 513 specifically or significantly differentially expressed proteins were identified to be uniquely caused by nematode infection. Among these unique proteins, 99 proteins were enriched on seven Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. By comparison of protein expression and gene transcription, LOC_Os01g06600 (ACX, a glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase), LOC_Os09g23560 (CAD, a cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase), LOC_Os03g39850 (GST, a glutathione S-transferase) and LOC_Os11g11960 (RPM1, a disease resistance protein) on the alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism and plant–pathogen interaction pathways, respectively, were all associated with disease defense and identified to be significantly down-regulated in the compatible interaction of NPB with nematodes, while the corresponding genes were remarkably up-regulated in the roots of a resistant rice accession “Khao Pahk Maw” with infection of nematodes. These four genes likely played important roles in the compatible interaction of rice with M. graminicola. Conversely, these disease defense-related genes were hypothesized to be likely involved in the resistance of resistant rice lines to this nematode. The proteome-wide analyses provided many new insights into the interaction of rice with M. graminicola.
The Role of Semaphorins in Metabolic Disorders
Authors: Lu Qiongyu , Zhu Li
Published: August 2020

Semaphorins are a family originally identified as axonal guidance molecules. They are also involved in tumor growth, angiogenesis, immune regulation, as well as other biological and pathological processes. Recent studies have shown that semaphorins play a role in metabolic diseases including obesity, adipose inflammation, and diabetic complications, including diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic wound healing, and diabetic osteoporosis. Evidence provides mechanistic insights regarding the role of semaphorins in metabolic diseases by regulating adipogenesis, hypothalamic melanocortin circuit, immune responses, and angiogenesis. In this review, we summarize recent progress regarding the role of semaphorins in obesity, adipose inflammation, and diabetic complications.
Adaptive Immune Response against Hepatitis C Virus
Authors: Kemming Janine , Thimme Robert , Neumann-Haefelin Christoph
Published: August 2020

A functional adaptive immune response is the major determinant for clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, in the majority of patients, this response fails and persistent infection evolves. Here, we dissect the HCV-specific key players of adaptive immunity, namely B cells and T cells, and describe factors that affect infection outcome. Once chronic infection is established, continuous exposure to HCV antigens affects functionality, phenotype, transcriptional program, metabolism, and the epigenetics of the adaptive immune cells. In addition, viral escape mutations contribute to the failure of adaptive antiviral immunity. Direct-acting antivirals (DAA) can mediate HCV clearance in almost all patients with chronic HCV infection, however, defects in adaptive immune cell populations remain, only limited functional memory is obtained and reinfection of cured individuals is possible. Thus, to avoid potential reinfection and achieve global elimination of HCV infections, a prophylactic vaccine is needed. Recent vaccine trials could induce HCV-specific immunity but failed to protect from persistent infection. Thus, lessons from natural protection from persistent infection, DAA-mediated cure, and non-protective vaccination trials might lead the way to successful vaccination strategies in the future.
Bioenergetic Impairment of Triethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate- (TEGDMA-) Treated Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs) and Isolated Brain Mitochondria are Amended by Redox Compound Methylene Blue
Authors: Mikulás Krisztina , Komlódi Timea , Földes Anna , Sváb Gergely , Horváth Gergő , Nagy Ádám , Ambrus Attila , Gyulai-Gaál Szabolcs , Gera István , Hermann Péter , Varga Gábor , Tretter László
Published: August 2020

Background: Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) monomers released from resin matrix are toxic to dental pulp cells, induce apoptosis, oxidative stress and decrease viability. Recently, mitochondrial complex I (CI) was identified as a potential target of TEGDMA. In isolated mitochondria supported by CI, substrates oxidation and ATP synthesis were inhibited, reactive oxygen species production was stimulated. Contrary to that, respiratory Complex II was not impaired by TEGDMA. The beneficial effects of electron carrier compound methylene blue (MB) are proven in many disease models where mitochondrial involvement has been detected. In the present study, the bioenergetic effects of MB on TEGDMA-treated isolated mitochondria and on human dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) were analyzed. Methods: Isolated mitochondria and DPSC were acutely exposed to low millimolar concentrations of TEGDMA and 2 μM concentration of MB. Mitochondrial and cellular respiration and glycolytic flux were measured by high resolution respirometry and by Seahorse XF extracellular analyzer. Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured fluorimetrically. Results: MB partially restored the mitochondrial oxidation, rescued membrane potential in isolated mitochondria and significantly increased the impaired cellular O2 consumption in the presence of TEGDMA. Conclusion: MB is able to protect against TEGDMA-induced CI damage, and might provide protective effects in resin monomer exposed cells.
Improving Stability Conditions for Equilibria of SIR Epidemic Model with Delay under Stochastic Perturbations
Authors: Shaikhet Leonid
Published: August 2020

So called SIR epidemic model with distributed delay and stochastic perturbations is considered. It is shown, that the known sufficient conditions of stability in probability of the equilibria of this model, formulated immediately in the terms of the system parameters, can be improved by virtue of the method of Lyapunov functionals construction and the method of Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs). It is also shown, that stability can be investigated immediately via numerical simulation of a solution of the considered model.
Reducing Afterpulsing in InGaAs(P) Single-Photon Detectors with Hybrid Quenching
Authors: Liu Junliang , Xu Yining , Wang Zheng , Li Yongfu , Gu Yi , Liu Zhaojun , Zhao Xian
Published: August 2020

High detection efficiency appears to be associated with a high afterpulse probability for InP-based single-photon avalanche diodes. In this paper, we present a new hybrid quenching technique that combines the advantages of both fast active quenching and high-frequency gated-passive quenching, with the aim of suppressing higher-order afterpulsing effects. Our results showed that the hybrid quenching method contributed to a 10% to 85% reduction of afterpulses with a gate-free detection efficiency of 4% to 10% at 1.06 μm, with 40 ns dead time, compared with the counter-based hold-off method. With the improvement of the afterpulsing performance of high-frequency gated single-photon detectors, especially at relatively high average detection efficiencies with wide gate widths, the proposed method enables their use as high-performance free-running detectors.
A PRISÃO DOMICILIAR EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: Cyrillo dos Santos Rafael Cicero
Published: August 2020

Diante da atual pandemia de COVID19  doença infectocontagiosa de grande escala  o presente estudo busca demonstrar os reflexos na saúde pública da população carcerária, além dos reflexos na ordem social, através da análise dos dados oficiais da OMS  Organização Mundial da Saúde; Ministério da Justiça e Segurança Pública.
Acoustic Camera Scanning as a Detection of Noise Sources on Small Aircraft
Authors: Juřička Martin , Juřičková Eva
Published: August 2020

This article is focused on the dynamic detection of sound/noise sources outside aircraft that can be detected as exposition. Over the last few years methods were developed for detecting noise sources in area of algorithm uses in detection methods, new procedures and devices. Nowadays, there are very important methods for quick and easy detection of a sound defect on the surface of an aircraft fuselage, components and accessories. All parts that are on the fuselage generated specific noise to the free field.
The Early Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on the Aviation Industry
Authors: Melas Dávid , Melasová Katarína
Published: August 2020

The goal of the paper is to assess early economics impact of Covid-19 on the aviation industry as it is one of the hardest hit industries. Covid-19 has an unprecedented impact on the international passenger seat capacity and gross passenger operating revenues of airlines. In the first part, we look at the impact of the pandemic on the economy as a whole and subsequently look at the economic cost of airlines. Two main elements are driving this negative trend – travel restrictions and overall economic development. We are currently experiencing the tightest international travel restrictions in the modern era of flight transportation with the economies worldwide experiencing a greater decline in GDP than during the last 3 recessions. In the second part, we look at two out of many possible path scenarios which are likely to drive the trend: V-shaped path and U-shaped path. All pandemic outbreaks before followed V-shaped scenario but Covid-19 has paralysed the society for longer with stricter governmental measures and so U-shaped scenario has to be taken into account as the most likely outcome for the aviation industry during this pandemic.
Baśń w okowach edukacji
Authors: Kaliszewska-Henczel Magdalena
Published: August 2020

W niniejszym tekście pochylam się nad kwestią wprowadzania dzieci w literaturę baśniową. Baśnie, inicjujące edukację literacką dzieci, w szkolnej rzeczywistości są zazwyczaj interpretowane jako typowe utwory dydaktyczne, a ich potencjał związany z oddziaływaniem na sferę emocjonalną i rozwijaniem wrażliwości estetycznej – niedoceniany. Celem badań uczyniłam poznanie sposobu wprowadzania baśni oraz prezentowania ich w wybranych podręcznikach edukacji wczesnoszkolnej. Przedmiotem analiz stały się My i nasz elementarz i My i nasza szkoła. Wybór powyższych książek wynikał z chęci poznania sposobów wykorzystywania baśni (bądź jej komponentów) propagowanych przez aktualnych twórców celów edukacji wczesno­ szkolnej. Rozważania te doprowadziły mnie do opisu odbioru po­przez  poznanie  (intelektualne,  realizacja  celów  dydaktycznych) i stanowią pierwszą część tekstu, której przeciwstawiam odbiór intuicyjny, wyrosły z interpretacji psychoanalitycznych. Wiedza mająca źródło w podejściu psychoanalitycznym może stanowić cenną podporę w konstruowaniu działań i warunków odbioru tekstów we wczesnej edukacji literackiej.