bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digitalization and its effect on the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises
Authors: Ferdinand Amuzu  , Patrick Korblah Sosu  , Godknows Kwame Agbakpe  , Wright Evans Attipoe
Published: July 2024

The principal aim of this study is to determine the effect of digitalization on the performance of SMEs in the ACCA. Specific research objectives are to: (i) measure the existing level of digitalization among SMEs in the research area; (ii) identify the areas where digitalization helps improve SMEs' performance; (iii) evaluate factors that influence SMEs' decisions to digitize their business models; and (iv) examine barriers to digital technology faced by SMEs. Research questions are formulated for each of the objectives as indicated in Chapter 1 to achieve the overall aim of the study. The study focuses on finding out the use of digital technology among SMEs and its effect on business performance. The study is, however, limited to Accra. The study also reviewed existing literature on the research subject as additional knowledge to buttress the findings of this research. A quantitative research method is adopted for the study, and a survey research design is used for data collection. The development of the survey questionnaire for the study utilizes an adapted research instrument from existing literature. Data collected from respondents are analyzed using the statistical software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Processed data from SPSS is measured using the adopted measurement model, which is tested for internal consistency, composite reliability, validity, and significance of the constructs of the variables. Based on the findings from the analysis, major findings, implications, and recommendations were extracted from the results.
Prevalence of metallo-beta-lactamase in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis in Benin City, Nigeria
Authors: Olabisi Promise Lawal  , Ibrahim Ayo Olanipekun  , Bukola Ikuejamoye-Omotore  , Adedoyin Tinuade Buari  , Omowunmi Ramota Gbadamosi  , Cynthia Amarachukwu Ibe-Chukwuemeka
Published: July 2024

Carbapenems are the prime choice of treatment for severe cases of infections caused by Multi-Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis. Nevertheless, Metallo-Beta-Lactamase (MBL) production by these organisms has led to carbapenem resistance which is a global threat. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of MBL in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis in Benin City, Nigeria. 354 non monotonous clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (282) and Proteus mirabilis (72) used were obtained from various clinical samples from tertiary hospitals in Benin City. Identification of these isolates were done using standard microbiological techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. MBL production was detected using Imipenem Ethylene-Diamine-Tetra-Acetic Acid combined disc test method. Of the total 354 clinical isolates tested, 115 (32.48%) were MBL and the prevalence of this resistant isolates was significantly higher in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (46.8%) compared to Proteus mirabilis (P=0.0001). Among the metallo-beta-lactamase producing isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa higher prevalence were reported from Pleural fluid and cerebrospinal fluid samples with 6 (100%) and 3 (100%) respectively. This difference was statistically significant (P=0.0001). Susceptibility testing showed that isolates that produced beta-lactamase demonstrated poorly against cephalosporin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, gentamicin and floroquinones than non-beta- lactamase producers. A prevalence of 46.8% was reported for MBL producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 12.5% was reported for MBL producing Proteus mirabilis. Isolates that produced the MBL enzyme were more resistant to antibacterial agents. Measures to control and curb the spread of MBL producing clinical isolates are highly advocated
Leitura e escrita em tempos de internet: peculiaridades e reflexões pedagógicas
Authors: Da Costa Natanael
Published: July 2024

Com os avanços proporcionados pelo fenômeno da globalização, a sociedade, tem experimentado as mais diferentes novidades. Muita coisa mudou: a maneira de se fazer negócios, de realizar transações bancárias, de se divertir etc. No entanto, a mudança mais profunda se dá no campo da comunicação. Barreiras geográficas já foram facilmente destruídas, de modo que, agora, conversar com alguém distante, informar-se, enfim, superou todas as dificuldades conhecidas pelo homem. Tudo isso está intimamente relacionado com a popularização da internet, dos dispositivos móveis e especialmente com o crescimento das mídias sociais. Consequentemente, o mundo se tornou cada vez mais “grafocêntrico”, isto é: as interações linguísticas por meio da leitura e escrita se fazem cada vez mais necessárias no contemporâneo mundo globalizado, de maneira que, hodiernamente, a maneira pela qual as pessoas executam as suas práticas de leitura e escrita sofreu uma metamorfose que é no mínimo interessante. No âmbito escolar e acadêmico, pesquisadores têm se esforçado para entender como a escola pode lidar com toda a transformação que tem presenciado a fim de atingir a sua função social nesse novo contexto. Diante disso, esta pesquisa se propõe a discutir as novas práticas de leitura e escrita oriundas da inovação tecnológica e os impactos dessas para a tarefa pedagógica, particularmente para o ensino-aprendizado da língua materna. Para isso, recorrer-se-á a pesquisas já realizadas sobre o assunto à luz da linguística e da perspectiva pedagógica, passando por considerações nos campos da discursividade e da concepção sociointeracionista da língua.
Contraturno escolar: práticas pedagógicas colaborativas por meio do lego robotizado
Authors: Jacques Juliana Sales , De Borba Gabriela Girelli
Published: July 2024

O contraturno escolar constitui-se como movimento de Educação Integral, com vistas a potencializar o papel social da escola no desenvolvimento humano. Neste artigo, abordamos o modelo de implementação da Educação Integral na Rede Municipal de Educação do município de Guaporé, Rio Grande do Sul, por meio do contraturno escolar, cujo foco é a integração da robótica educacional, especificamente, o lego robotizado, nas práticas pedagógicas. Analisamos planejamentos didáticos com lego robotizado, tendo como eixo temático a colaboração enquanto pressuposto para a resolução de problemas e desenvolvimento humano integral. Enfatizamos que o lego robotizado é recurso potencializador de práticas colaborativas, as quais são essenciais para a interação em sociedade e atuação cidadã participativa, em movimentos de equidade e justiça social.
Territorialidades de fronteira(s): uma análise da realidade socioespacial de Porto Murtinho (BR)/Peralto Carmelo (PY) a Fuerte Olimpo (PY)
Authors: Roma Cláudia Marques , Egda da Silva Cruz Débora , Martins Maior Leonardo
Published: July 2024

As análises e observações apresentadas nesta nota referem-se ao Trabalho de Campo realizado na fronteira entre Brasil-Paraguai, no trecho da zona de fronteira situado entre as cidades gêmeas de Porto Murtinho (BR)/Peralto Carmelo (PY) e a cidade de Fuerte Olimpo (PY) – especificamente, na comunidade indígena Ayoreo (PY); Puerto Guarani (PY); comunidade indígena Virgen Santisíma, Pueblo Ishir, Chamacoco (PY); e a cidade de Fuerte Olimpo (PY), localizadas às margens do Rio Paraguai, no Departamento de Alto Paraguay. O trajeto foi realizado por via fluvial, no qual o Rio tornou-se elemento central para a compreensão das diversas e diferentes dinâmicas fronteiriças. Por todo o percurso, objetivou-se compreender as dinâmicas socioespaciais fronteiriças, marcadas por via fluvial; apreender a relação entre corpo, vida e territorialidades de fronteira; conhecer a realidade das comunidades indígenas na linha de fronteira internacional; e, assim, apreender a existência de múltipla(s) fronteira(s). Utilizamos o Trabalho de Campo como procedimento teórico-metodológico, que é, por excelência, o Laboratório do Geógrafo; leituras sobre espaço, lugar, paisagem, território, territorialidade e fronteira; diário de campo; e entrevistas. O território produzido/reproduzido no recorte territorial de análise perpassa pelo Estado e pelas Gentes dos mais diversos Entre-Lugares, o Rio Paraguai opera como elemento central na compreensão das dinâmicas socioespaciais e as cidades gêmeas apresentam uma articulação em rede.
Adeus Camponesa: o exaurimento da propriedade e a concentração fundiária no Paraná
Authors: Alves-Lima Julio
Published: July 2024

Este é um trabalho de cunho exploratório que visa discutir a curva de crescimento da diminuição no número de propriedades agrícolas no estado do Paraná. Tendo como base os dados dos últimos três censos agropecuários e valores comerciais extraídos da secretaria de agricultura e abastecimento do Paraná, bem como diversas outras fontes de caráter quantitativo acerca das variáveis relacionadas ou distantes, que se somam a uma profunda análise material histórica baseada numa vasta bibliografia. Parte-se da incontornável afirmação, comprovável nas linhas abaixo, de que o acesso a propriedade agrícola está beirando um caráter mítico, visto o aumento do valor da terra em descompasso ao aumento da renda da população. A concentração de terras vem como um fenômeno global, que passa a atingir inclusive países do mais alto grau de desenvolvimento no oeste europeu. E, aqui trazemos as peculiaridades do caso brasileiro em especial no que toca aos processos a incidir diretamente sobre o ente federativo paranaense. Espacializamos tal concentração no estado e amostramos o cerceamento crescente de qualquer possibilidade, que não seja a de viver na periferia urbana.
A Resenha "Babel: entre a incerteza e a esperança"
Authors: Viana Mazinho Valdemar
Published: July 2024

A obra busca estabelecer um diálogo construído entre Bauman e Mauro proporcionando a construção de uma Babel atual, na qual as relações estabelecidas na rede impossibilitam o diálogo, distanciando-nos da Babel contemporânea que habitamos. Dessa forma, Bauman e Mauro concluem o trabalho destacando a necessidade de recuperação. O trabalho pode contribuir para novas formas de o ser humano se relacionar, principalmente quando os autores estabelecem a ideia de rede, propondo um "diálogo sério, com disposição favorável, buscando a compreensão mútua e o benefício mútuo" entre todos.
Erradicação da pobreza e sua correlação com o meio ambiente: outra perspectiva
Authors: Ferreira Adriano Fernandes , Souza Nelcy Renata Silva de , Costa Ruan Patrick Teixeira da
Published: July 2024

O presente trabalho propõe-se a fazer uma correlação entre a erradicação da pobreza e a conservação do meio ambiente. É possível observar que a ideia de pobreza está ligada à ausência de um mínimo existencial (emprego, alimentação, moradia, saúde), que passa não somente pela questão econômica, mas também social. É possível dizer, por meio do presente trabalho que as pessoas mais pobres já atingidas pela conjuntura econômica, também são as mais afetadas pela degradação ambiental em curso. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica, por meio da coleta de dissertações e artigos a respeito da matéria. Da análise feita, verificou-se a importância do papel do Estado, que por meio de políticas públicas pode reduzir ou mesmo eliminar a pobreza existente na sociedade, bem como cumprir o que está disposto no âmbito Nacional e internacional em relação à proteção ambiental, ambas as variáveis estão relacionadas com a ideia de desenvolvimento sustentável.
Acessibilidade física no Jardim Botânico Municipal de Bauru: um estudo e reflexões
Authors: Cruz Verônica DallAcqua , Messias Fialho Capellini Vera Lucia
Published: July 2024

Os Jardins Botânicos são espaços voltados para educação, cultura, lazer e conservação do meio ambiente, e por isso devem ser acessíveis ao público. Para que a aprendizagem inclusiva seja viabilizada, suas atividades devem contemplar diferentes idades, classes socioeconômicas e possíveis limitações físicas e cognitivas. Assim, é fundamental que estes locais sejam livres de barreiras físicas, de comunicação e informação e atitudinais. Diante disso, este trabalho realizou o mapeamento das condições de acessibilidade física do Jardim Botânico Municipal de Bauru, a partir da análise da NBR 9050: Acessibilidade a edificações, mobiliário, espaços e equipamentos urbanos, e da observação do local, com o apoio de uma ficha para registro. Ao final, o resultado principal obtido foi a acessibilidade majoritária nos espaços abertos à visitação, com exceção do mirante, além de alguns pontos a serem ajustados. Portanto, o local atende seu público com acessibilidade, principalmente nas atividades de educação ambiental e lazer.
O ensino de português para a aquisição da nacionalidade secundária a mulheres migrantes no Brasil
Authors: Abrantes Vinicius Villani , Pimenta Luiza Cotta
Published: July 2024

Este artigo é desenvolvido a partir de um complexo de dados gerados no contexto da pesquisa promovida por (referência suprimida para avaliação). Como recorte para o presente manuscrito, realizou-se uma análise do contexto dos dados quantitativos e qualitativos que pudesse interconectar: gênero, migração, cidadania e nacionalidade. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivos, em um primeiro momento, apresentar sobre o processo de naturalização no Brasil, contando com as recentes modificações que incluíram o exame Celpe-Bras como uma das possibilidades de comprovação da possibilidade de comunicação em língua portuguesa; para que, depois, analise os dados mencionados, traçando correlações entre gênero, políticas de Estado, bem como percepções sobre os fluxos migratórios direcionados ao Brasil e integração à sociedade. O grande anseio deste artigo é explorar mais sobre a temática central, da mesma forma, criar subsídios para futuras pesquisas, estudos e políticas públicas que possam vislumbrar o contexto das mulheres migrantes no contexto brasileiro.
A new record of vibrisseaceous fungus from Hakkari (Türkiye)
Authors: Acar İsmail , Uzun Yusuf
Published: July 2024

This study involved specimens of the genus Vibrissea Fr. growing on submerged wood, rubbish or other submerged organic matter in freshwater habitats collected in Şemdinli (Hakkâri) on 01.05.2015. The Vibrissea specimens, characterised by small and delicate fructification organs in the form of cups or bowls, were identified based on morphological data. In this text, Vibrissea decolorans (Saut.) A. Sánchez & Korf is described and illustrated to be a new record for the Ascomycota of Türkiye. The text provides a brief description of the newly recorded genus including collection date, geographical coordinates, macro- and micromorphological characteristics.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN MODEL COOPERATIVE INTEGRATED READING AND COMPOSITION (CIRC) PADA KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN TEKS BIOGRAFI SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 1 JETIS BANTUL
Authors: Putri Dwi Apriliya , Santosa Wijaya Heru
Published: July 2024

The Effectiveness Of Using Cooperative Integrated Reading Composition (CIRC) Model InÂ  Reading Skill Of Biography Text Comprehension The Students Grade VII SMP N 1 Jetis Bantul. The purpose of this research is to prove the effectiveness of usingÂ  Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC)Â  in learning model than the using communicative method in reading biography text comprehension. This research did in SMP N 1 Jetis Bantul. The kind of research is Quasi-Experimental with the population of 192 students. The sample with cluster random sampling. Grade VII F is to experiment, and grade C is to class control. The analysis technique with t-test, normality test and homogeneity test. The result of this research shows that there is a significant effect on the achievement of reading biography text using CIRC model than the achievement of reading biography text using the communicative method.
WACANA MANTRA DUKUN BERANAK MELAYU RIAU
Authors: Mahyuni Iroy , Macaryus Sudartomo
Published: July 2024

This study aims to describe (1) Content of mantra, (2) the form of mantra, (3) function, (4) inheritance of mantra Â Melayu Riau. This type of research is qualitative research. The data in this study a lingual unit that forms a spell Melayu Riau. The data used in this study is three, namely Datok Sodah, Nenek Lambiah, and Nenek Terima. The method of providing data in this study using records. Techniques providing data using the tapping technique. The validity of the data by using the extension of participation and persistence observations. Data analysis method used is the method of ethnography. The data analysis was done by using domain analysis. The results showed that (1) Content spell includes stages prenatal, childbirth and postnatal, which rejects interference, testimony, and plea. Tapahan prenatal can be viewed Kato landslide Dead Bedarah, Cus Sibalucus, Si Tampun-Tampun, Sireh Lillah, Eggplant Lillah, Oil Lillah, Dokon foursome, and Petandoan. Stages of the birth process, namely Ring Geligo Sea, Membukak Lawang (Datok Saodah), Membukak Lawang (Grandma Lambiah), Dokon Betujoh, Key Sire Ali, Wada Wadi Maknikam, Tetak Duri Tampong Duri, Officer King Ali, Selusoh carrion, Said Witness, if Dead Son, Birah Black (Datok Saodah), Sibalucus, Membukak Lawang (Grandma Accept), Tawa Stickiness Uri, Selusoh Slaves, Ketigo Chicken, Nature Teberakai, and Sindai Teruno. Sindai postnatal stages uno, Children Anjeng Kuyok Buto, invisibility Rayo, Senengkat, invisibility Chaff, Tiong Gano, Sirejang Anjeng, Birah Black (Grandma Lambiah), Salam Gumi, Hillahi Tegu, Origin Land, and Tawa Param. (2) Form spell, namely poetry, prose and free verse lyrics. (3) Function spells, which accelerates the process of birth, to overcome the difficulties in childbirth, birth overcome distorted, and the safety of women and their babies. (4) Inheritance spells Melayu Riau open to the public.
POSTMODERNISME DALAM SUPERNOVA (AKAR) KARYA DEWI LESTARI
Authors: Setyami Inung
Published: July 2024

Â The research is focused on problems related to postmodern and postmodern studies. The data source in this study was the second episode of Supernova's novel, Akar, the first printed in 2002. The data were obtained by reading and taking notes. Analyzed by qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. The validity of the data is obtained through validity (semantic and referential) and reliability (interrater and intrarater). The results showed that Supernova: Akar is a postmodern work. Postmodernism in Supernova, namely: (1) The attitude of characters who long for locality and are disgusted by the establishment and freedom of the western world in the high-level modern era; (2) The emergence of primitivism, namely nomadic life at the peak of modern life; (3) The presenting of a supernatural world concerning a creature whose existence is visible to the eye but exists, namely a supernatural being; (4) The existence of an unclear place where its location and description is ontological dominant; (5) There is a method of "physical renewal or body shape", namely the addition of metal to the horned head, as a lifestyle; (6) The existence of a dream world which is also a real world.
Simulasi Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD) Berbasis Manekin dan Skenario untuk Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Mahasiswa Keperawatan dalam Penanganan Gawat Darurat
Authors: Inovasi Monica , Silvitasari Ika
Published: July 2024

Latar Belakang: Kematian akibat henti jantung di dunia sebanyak 16,17% dari total kasus, dengan 245.343 kasus di Indonesia pada tahun 2023. Tingginya angka kematian inilah yang mengharuskan Mahasiswa keperawatan sebagai first responder minimal harus memiliki pengetahuan dan pengalaman dasar terkait BHD. Pengetahuan mahasiswa keperawatan yang masih kurang, mendasari perlunya pertolongan BHD yang benar sesuai prosedur guna meminimalkan angka kematian korban. Banyaknya metode tradisional yang telah digunakan, mengharuskan penelitian ini menggunakan metode yang lebih interaktif yaitu dengan Simulasi Berbasis Manekin dan Skenario. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh simulasi Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD) terhadap pengetahuan mahasiswa keperawatan. Metode: Metode penelitian Quasy Experiment dengan jumlah sampel 126, tingkat pengetahuan diukur menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan BHD yang sudah valid dan reliabel, kemudian di analisis menggunakan Uji Paired Sample T-Test. Pengambilan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2023 hingga bulan Juni 2024. Hasil: Tingkat pengetahuan sebelum dilakukan simulasi termasuk dalam kategori kurang (76%). Tingkat pengetahuan setelah dilakukan simulasi dalam kategori baik (94%). Terdapat pengaruh Tingkat pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan simulasi BHD dibuktikan dengan nilai p-value 0,001 < 0,05. Kesimpulan: Simulasi Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD) berbasis manekin dan skenario meningkatkan pengetahuan mahasiswa keperawatan dalam penanganan gawat darurat.
Революции: за и против
Authors: Гринин Леонид
Published: July 2024

В статье автор формулирует свой взгляд на революции, показывая их положительные и отрицательные стороны, их плюсы и минусы в разных аспектах, в прошлом и настоящем. В статье обсуждается, неизбежны ли революции, формулируются некоторые рекомендации, которые теоретически могут помочь избежать революций. Показано, как и почему роль революций существенно меняется в разные периоды истории, дано объяснение, почему революции из «локомотивов развития» в итоге оказались малопродуктивным социальным экспериментом. Тем не менее, хотя революции – весьма опасный и очень затратный способ изменения общества, в современном мире они отнюдь не стали архаическим явлением. Поэтому тема статьи весьма актуальна.
Январские протесты 2022 г. в Казахстане
Authors: Кривенко Глеб
Published: July 2024

В статье анализируются причины и последствия протестов января 2022 г. в Казахстане. Главной предпосылкой выступлений были социальная несправедливость и сохраняющееся большое влияние назарбаевских элит, против которых были направлены политические требования протеста. Особое внимание уделено появившимся в разгар протестов группам неизвестных, нападавших на административные здания. К сожалению, мирные протесты переросли местами в насильственные действия, организаторы, участники и цели которых не до конца известны. Можно предположить, что это были члены полуисламистских, полукриминальных структур, подконтрольных высшим чинам силовых органов из числа старых элит. По результатам протестов близкие к Нурсултану Назарбаеву старые элиты лишились большей части влияния в политике и экономике, а Касым-Жомарт Токаев укрепил свою личную власть и анонсировал масштабные экономические и политические реформы, что можно считать частичным успехом протестующих.
estreia feminina na narração de futebol na TV Globo
Authors: Ferro Raphaela , Zuculoto Valci , Emerim Cárlida
Published: July 2024

A transmissão de jogos de futebol pela Rede Globo de Televisão teve uma mulher na narração em canal aberto pela primeira vez em 2022. A função ainda hoje é exercida majoritariamente por homens. Com o objetivo de identificar a repercussão dessa estreia feminina em dois momentos – a semifinal da Supercopa do Brasil Feminina e a cobertura de jogo entre Ceilândia e Botafogo pela Copa do Brasil Masculina –, desenvolveu-se pesquisa qualitativa, a partir de análise semiótica discursiva dos comentários de usuários do Twitter. Identificou-se a permanência de uma estrutura de preconceito de gênero no âmbito do futebol e a demarcação desse espaço ainda estabelecido como de poder masculino.
DETERMINATION OF THE ELEMENTS RESOURCE OF THE CONTACT PAIR ACCORDING TO THEIR WORKING CONDITION
Authors: Romanov Igor'
Published: July 2024

Implementation of the functional purpose of a technical system depends on its structural composition and the conditions of external influence. Machine-building products are a complex technical system consisting of structural elements interconnected according to the principle of hierarchy (technical system – structural system – element).
The functional state of the elements is determined by maintaining the technical parameters within the specified limits during the given time interval. During operation under external load, the mating parts of the contact pair have different degrees of changing technical parameters. In most cases, the resource of one of the contacting elements of the pair is lower, which leads to its repeated replacement until the resource is fully exhausted by the second element.
The consumer is primarily interested in the problem of determining the necessary number of element replacements. The solution of this problem is possible by finding out functional dependencies of changes in technical parameters over time for each mating element in the contact pair, taking into account their actual operating time up to the pre-failure state.
The use of this methodological approach makes it possible to predict at the design stage the realized level of reliability of the elements, of the contact pair and of the technical system as a whole during further operation of machine-building products.
WEAR RESISTANCE OF COMPOSITE BORATED LAYERS OBTAINED BY HIGH FREQUENCY CURRENT (HFC) HEATING FOR HARDENING ROLLING STOCK PARTS
Authors: Krukovich Marat , Kazakevich Grigory
Published: July 2024

The paper presents the technological process of local borating of medium carbon steellayers from coatings and HFC heating. Comparative studies of the wear of borated layers with different morphologies show the advantages of layers with a composite structure in a wide range of sliding speeds from 0.05 to 3 m/s. The maximum effective protection time is provided by borated layers which combine a compact structure with a composite one under harsh operating conditions. Conditional recalculation of the wear results of borated samples in harsh conditions allows assuming that running of the wedge-type shock absorber in general conditions is more than 600 thousand km.
INFLUÊNCIA DA TERAPIA POR PRESSÃO NEGATIVA NO DESFECHO DA SÍNDROME DE FOURNIER: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: DA PENHA ANA ALINNE GOMES , Benício Santos e Silva Ana Cecília , Alves Feitoza João Edilton , Pereira de Brito Simone , Pires Dantas Tays , Leite Sampaio Luis Rafael , Souza Martins Diego
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: descrever as evidências acerca dos efeitos da Terapia por Pressão Negativa no desfecho clínico da Síndrome de Fournier. Método: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada entre os meses de março a junho de 2023, por dois pesquisadores de forma independente, com busca nas bases de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science (WoS) e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), utilizando descritores controlados cruzados entre si com os operadores booleanos AND e OR. Utilizou-se do software Rayann e do método PRISMA para seleção e apresentação de dados, respectivamente. Resultados: através da busca e após o processo de seleção e extração de dados, foram inclusos 2 estudos com análise retrospectiva que recomendam o uso da terapia com pressão subatmosférica por se tratar de uma terapêutica que promove neoangiogênese, controle do exsudato, reduz a necessidade de eventos cirúrgicos, além de prevenir maiores complicações como infecções, resultando em uma cicatrização eficaz e mais rápida. Conclusão: ainda não há evidências robustas que possam proporcionar segurança na sua indicação e implementação, tornando-se necessária a continuidade no desenvolvimento de novos estudos com melhor qualidade metodológica.
The Diagnostic Effect of Intraoperative Indocyanine Green Imaging for Endometriosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhuang Yuan , Ou Honghui , Xu Yue , Yang Hua
Published: July 2024

Background: To comprehensively investigate the diagnostic effect of intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) imaging for endometriosis (EMs). Methods: We systematically retrieved relevant literature from a series of databases (Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, Clinical Trials, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and WanFang Database) up to January 2024. We also performed manual searches using the reference lists from selected articles, along with reports from relevant meetings and Google Scholar. Data were stored and analyzed by Review Manager version 5.3 and Stata/MP version 14.0. Results: Systematic searches of the literature identified six articles comparing the diagnostic effect of ICG imaging to white light (WL) imaging for EMs during laparoscopic surgery. Two of these studies found that ICG imaging improved the diagnostic rate of EMs while the remaining four studies reported that the diagnostic value of ICG imaging was minimal. Cumulative analysis determined that the sensitivity was 0.88 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.81–0.93) for WL and 0.64 (95% CI: 0.36–0.84) for ICG. The specificity was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.49–0.97) for WL and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.66–0.97) for ICG. The positive likelihood ratio (LR+) was 5.8 (95% CI: 1.4–24.5) for WL and 5.4 (95% CI: 1.2–24.1) for ICG. The negative likelihood ratio (LR–) was 0.14 (95% CI: 0.09–0.20) for WL and 0.41 (95% CI: 0.18–0.94) for ICG, while the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 42 (95% CI: 10–182) for WL and 13 (95% CI: 1–124) for ICG. Conclusions: Although we only analyzed a limited number of publications, our analysis demonstrated that ICG may be helpful for the visualization of occult EMs, although the diagnostic effect of ICG is not superior to WL. Our findings need to be confirmed by additional studies involving larger sample sizes from multiple centers.
Characterization of a Bacterial Keratinolytic Protease for Effective Degradation of Chicken Feather Waste into Feather Protein Hydrolysates
Authors: Riaz Armish , Muzzamal Hira , Maqsood Beenish , Naz Shumaila , Latif Farooq , Saleem Mahjabeen
Published: July 2024

Background: Chicken feathers contribute to large quantities of keratinaceous wastes that pose serious environmental problems and must be catered to properly. Chicken feathers are also a potential source of vital proteins, peptides, and amino acids, which could be used as low-cost animal feeds. Therefore, there has been increasing interest in keratinase-producing microbes for reprocessing and using keratinous biomaterials. Methods: Among the five isolated keratinolytic microorganisms, one microbe, Bacillus XT 01, produced a significant amount of enzyme activity, which was partially characterized. The potential of this protease-producing microbe was investigated for converting feather keratin waste to valuable protein hydrolysate. Results: Maximum keratinase production was observed after 5 days of incubating Bacillus XT 01 at an optimum temperature of 45 °C and pH 8.5. Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and zymogram of ammonium sulfate precipitated culture supernatant showed the presence of several proteolytic enzymes with molecular weights between 30 and 60 kDa. The Bacillus strain caused almost complete feather degradation (98%) after 7 days of incubation at 45 °C in a shake culture medium. Antioxidant and reducing activities of the feather protein hydrolysate (FPH) elevated with increased cultivation time. Investigation of the effect of feather protein hydrolysate on plants indicated improved plant growth regarding the agronomic parameters, such as plant height, number of trifoliate leaves, number of pods, pod length, number of seeds per pod, and root length, which increased by 30.84%, 49.32%, 70.90%, 53.27%, 60.03%, and 54.71%, respectively. Conclusions: The prospective of Bacillus XT 01 for degrading feather waste keratin to highly valued hydrolyzed feather protein offers effectiveness in the poultry industry and ultimately decreases environmental pollution hazards.
Rhizobium Inoculant and Seed-Applied Fungicide Effects Improve the Drought Tolerance of Soybean Plants as an Effective Agroecological Solution under Climate Change Conditions
Authors: Nyzhnyk Tetiana , Kots Sergii , Pukhtaievych Petro
Published: July 2024

Background: Rhizobial inoculation in combination with fungicidal seed treatment is an effective solution for improving soybean resistance to modern climate changes due to the maximum implementation of the plant’s stress-protective antioxidant properties and their nitrogen-fixing potential, which will contribute to the preservation of the environment. Methods: Model ecosystems at different stages of legume–rhizobial symbiosis formation, created by treatment before sowing soybean seeds with a fungicide (fludioxonil, 25 g/L) and inoculation with an active strain of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (titer 109 cells per mL), were subjected to microbiological, biochemical, and physiological testing methods in controlled and field conditions. Results: Seed treatment with fungicide and rhizobia showed different patterns in the dynamics of key antioxidant enzymes in soybean nodules under drought conditions. Superoxide dismutase activity increased by 32.7% under moderate stress, while catalase increased by 90.6% under long-term stress. An increase in the antioxidant enzyme activity induced the regulation of lipoperoxidation processes during drought and after the restoration of irrigation. Regeneration after stress was evident in soybean plants with a combination of fungicide seed treatment and rhizobial inoculant, where enzyme levels and lipoperoxidation processes returned to control plant levels. Applying seed treatment with fungicide and Rhizobium led to the preservation of the symbiotic apparatus functioning in drought conditions. As proof of this, molecular nitrogen fixation by nodules has a higher efficiency of 25.6% compared to soybeans without fungicide treatment. In the field, fungicidal treatment of seeds in a complex with rhizobia inoculant induced prolongation of the symbiotic apparatus functioning in the reproductive period of soybean ontogenesis. This positively affected the nitrogen-fixing activity of soybeans during the pod formation stage by more than 71.7%, as well as increasing soybean yield by 12.7% in the field. Conclusions: The application of Rhizobium inoculant and fungicide to seeds contributed to the development of antioxidant protection of soybean plants during droughts due to the activation of key enzymatic complexes and regulation of lipoperoxidation processes, which have a positive effect on nitrogen fixation and productivity of soybeans. This is a necessary element in soybean agrotechnologies to improve plant adaptation and resilience in the context of modern climate change.
Phage Antibodies for Detection of Diagnostically Important Antigens
Authors: Guliy Olga I. , Khanadeev Vitaly A. , Dykman Lev A.
Published: July 2024

The need for rapid and cheap synthesis of large numbers of chemical compounds has contributed to the emergence of combinatorial chemistry (simultaneous synthesis of different compounds, in contrast to traditional synthesis, in which each substance is produced individually). Combinatorial library methods were initially applied only to peptides and oligonucleotides. By now, the scope of these libraries has expanded considerably to include proteins, synthetic oligomers, small molecules, and oligosaccharides. The enormous variety of antibodies (Abs) makes it possible to detect clones able to interact highly specifically with almost any natural or synthetic antigen (Ag). Phage Abs are an excellent alternative to mono- and polyclonal Abs, because they are highly stable, have no disulfide bonds, and are much cheaper to make. Monitoring of various substances, including proteins, in a living organism is much in demand. Despite the vast amount of literature available on Ab phage display, the use of phage display to determine diagnostically important Ags has not been sufficiently covered. Many studies have confirmed that unlike other types of Abs, phage Abs ensure highly sensitive Ag detection. Therefore, this review focuses on the use of phage display to prepare Abs specific to diagnostically important Ags (allergens, disease and cancer biomarkers, toxins) and on their application in analytical systems, including biosensors. The use of phage Abs in Ag diagnostics is compared with the use of classical Abs, and the prospects are shown for the use of phage Abs as biosensor sensing elements. This review analyzes the recent advances in the detection of diagnostically important Ags by using phage display–based biosensors. Systematic information is presented about allergens, disease and cancer biomarkers, and toxins detected by using phage Abs. Phage display Abs for sensor-based Ag detection are presented as an affordable alternative to classic tests.
Molecular Regulation of Bone Turnover in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Animal Models, Cellular Features and TNFα
Authors: Blair Harry C , Soboloff Jonathan , Tourkova Irina L , McCall Jamie L. , Ray Suravi , Rosenkranz Margalit E , Sobacchi Cristina , Robinson Lisa J , Barnett John B
Published: July 2024

We review the abnormal bone turnover that is the basis of idiopathic inflammatory or rheumatoid arthritis and bone loss, with emphasis on Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNFα)-related mechanisms. We review selected data on idiopathic arthritis in juvenile human disease, and discuss mouse models focusing on induction of bone resorbing cells by TNFα and Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor kappa B Ligand (RANKL). In both humans and animal models, macrophage-derived cells in the joint, particularly in the synovium and periosteum, degrade bone and cartilage. Mouse models of rheumatoid arthritis share with human disease bone resorbing cells and strong relation to TNFα expression. In humans, differences in therapy and prognosis of arthritis vary with age, and results from early intervention for inflammatory cytokines in juvenile patients are particularly interesting. Mechanisms that contribute to inflammatory arthritis reflect, in large part, inflammatory cytokines that play minor roles in normal bone turnover. Changes in inflammatory cytokines, particularly TNFα, are many times larger, and presented in different locations, than cytokines that regulate normal bone turnover. Recent data from in vitro and mouse models include novel mechanisms described in differentiation of bone resorbing cells in inflammatory arthritis dependent on the Transient Receptor Potential Channel (TRPC) family of calcium channels. Low-molecular weight (MW) inhibitors of TRPC channels add to their potential importance. Associations with inflammatory arthritis unrelated to TNFα are briefly summarized as pointing to alternative mechanisms. We suggest that early detection and monoclonal antibodies targeting cytokines mediating disease progression deserves emphasis.
The Application of Artificial Intelligence in Atrial Fibrillation Patients: From Detection to Treatment
Authors: Liang Hanyang , Zhang Han , Wang Juan , Shao Xinghui , Wu Shuang , Lyu Siqi , Xu Wei , Wang Lulu , Tan Jiangshan , Wang Jingyang , Yang Yanmin
Published: July 2024

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent arrhythmia worldwide. Although the guidelines for AF have been updated in recent years, its gradual onset and associated risk of stroke pose challenges for both patients and cardiologists in real-world practice. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a powerful tool in image analysis, data processing, and for establishing models. It has been widely applied in various medical fields, including AF. In this review, we focus on the progress and knowledge gap regarding the use of AI in AF patients and highlight its potential throughout the entire cycle of AF management, from detection to drug treatment. More evidence is needed to demonstrate its ability to improve prognosis through high-quality randomized controlled trials.
Multimodal Data Integration Enhance Longitudinal Prediction of New-Onset Systemic Arterial Hypertension Patients with Suspected Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Yang Yi , Jiang Haibing , Yang Haitao , Hou Xiangeng , Wu Tingting , Pan Ying , Xie Xiang
Published: July 2024

Background: It is crucial to accurately predict the disease progression of systemic arterial hypertension in order to determine the most effective therapeutic strategy. To achieve this, we have employed a multimodal data-integration approach to predict the longitudinal progression of new-onset systemic arterial hypertension patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) at the individual level. Methods: We developed and validated a predictive nomogram model that utilizes multimodal data, consisting of clinical features, laboratory tests, and sleep monitoring data. We assessed the probabilities of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) as scores for participants in longitudinal cohorts who have systemic arterial hypertension and suspected OSA. In this cohort study, MACCEs were considered as a composite of cardiac mortality, acute coronary syndrome and nonfatal stroke. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multiple Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for MACCEs among these patients. Results: 448 patients were randomly assigned to the training cohort while 189 were assigned to the verification cohort. Four clinical variables were enrolled in the constructed nomogram: age, diabetes mellitus, triglyceride, and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). This model accurately predicted 2-year and 3-year MACCEs, achieving an impressive area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.885 and 0.784 in the training cohort, respectively. In the verification cohort, the performance of the nomogram model had good discriminatory power, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.847 and 0.729 for 2-year and 3-year MACCEs, respectively. The correlation between predicted and actual observed MACCEs was high, provided by a calibration plot, for training and verification cohorts. Conclusions: Our study yielded risk stratification for systemic arterial hypertension patients with suspected OSA, which can be quantified through the integration of multimodal data, thus highlighting OSA as a spectrum of disease. This prediction nomogram could be instrumental in defining the disease state and long-term clinical outcomes.
Seasonal Stability of the Circadian Rhythm in Patients with Type I Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Díaz-Polanco Juan-Carlos , Tejada-González Carlos , Leandro-Barros Amanda , Ruiz-Saavedra Antonio , García-de-Santiago Elvira , Alonso-Martín Joaquín , García-Lledó Alberto , Martínez-Sellés Manuel
Published: July 2024

Background: A circadian rhythm of myocardial infarction has been described but there is little data on its relation with seasons and months. Methods: From June 2013 to June 2018, we analyzed the alerts for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in a Spanish region with 6.64 million inhabitants, universal health coverage, and an organized STEMI reperfusion network. We selected those patients which an identifiable culprit plaque. Results: We recruited 6765 cases of STEMI due to type I acute myocardial infarction (type-I AMI), with mean age of 63.2 years (range 17–101, standard deviation [SD] 13.7), 5238 were males (77.4%) and 2801 (41.9%) were 65 years or older. The hourly distribution followed a fixed pattern in all months, with most of the events occurring between 6:00 AM and 4:00 PM, a peak at approximately 01:00 PM and a valley between 10:00 PM and 06:00 AM. No significant difference was found when comparing the mean time to first medical contact between July (the month with more daylight hours) and December (the month with shortest days). No significant differences were found between male and female patients, or between patients aged 65 years or older and younger patients. There was a close correlation between the number of events per month and the number of events occurring during the day (6 AM to 6 PM, r = 0.988, p = 0.001) and during the night (6 PM to 6 AM, r = 0.944, p < 0.001), with different slopes of the regression lines (t-test, p < 0.001), so that the difference between day-night occurrences increased with the total incidence. Conclusions: There is a circadian pattern in the presentation of STEMI that is not influenced by sex and age. The different incidence of STEMI at different times of the year does not affect the circadian pattern in terms of the shape of the curve or the mean time of presentation, although diurnal events increase more than nocturnal events, suggesting that triggers are most likely to act during vulnerable periods as determined by a circadian-based rhythm.
Racial and Gender Differences in Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Czulada Evan , Shah Samir A. , Tsimploulis Apostolos
Published: July 2024

The expanding field of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in individuals with and without atrial fibrillation (AF) presents a complex landscape, demanding careful interpretation of the existing research. AF, characterized by significant mortality and morbidity, prompts the exploration of strategies to mitigate its impact. Increasing physical activity (PA) levels emerges as a promising avenue to address AF risk factors, such as obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, through mechanisms of reduced vasoconstriction, endothelin-1 modulation, and improved insulin sensitivity. However, caution is warranted, as recent investigations suggest a heightened incidence of AF, particularly in athletes engaged in high-intensity exercise, due to the formation of ectopic foci and changes in cardiac anatomy. Accordingly, patients should adhere to guideline-recommended amounts of low-to-moderate PA to balance benefits and minimize adverse effects. When looking closer at the current evidence, gender-specific differences have been observed and challenged conventional understanding, with women demonstrating decreased AF risk even at extreme exercise levels. This phenomenon may be rooted in divergent hemodynamic and structural responses to exercise between men and women. Existing research is predominantly observational and limited to racially homogenous populations, which underscores the need for comprehensive studies encompassing diverse, non-White ethnic groups in athlete and non-athlete populations. These individuals exhibit a disproportionately high burden of AF risk factors that could be addressed through improved CRF. Despite the limitations, randomized control trials offer promising evidence for the efficacy of CRF interventions in patients with preexisting AF, showcasing improvements in clinically significant AF outcomes and patient quality of life. The potential of CRF as a countermeasure to the consequences of AF remains an area of great promise, urging future research to delve deeper to explore its role within specific racial and gender contexts. This comprehensive understanding will contribute to the development of tailored strategies for optimizing cardiovascular health and AF prevention in all those who are affected.
“Venator Dei”, Centaur and the Lost Conscience: about One Aspect of Medieval Political Thinking
Authors: Gladkov Alexander
Published: July 2024

The perception of nature by man in the Middle Ages was complicated and contradictory. From one side, a man considered himself as an essential part of the natural world created by God and worshipped the unknown and mysterious power encased in forests, rivers and marshes. From the other one, he considered creatures lived on the earth and in waters as “irrational beasts” and snubbed them in his fear of its’ uncontrollable “magic” power. A lot of medieval philosophers noted this conflict between belonging of people and animals to the general natural environment and man’s attempts to subordinate it to his power. But political aspect of the problem was learnt by a known English intellectual prolific writer, a representative of the “XII century humanism” John of Salisbury. In his “Policraticus” he noticed a man killing animals living in forests abused of a specific power given to him from on high and he became a source of chaos instead of peace and balance preservation...