bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neurons in the pigeon nidopallium caudolaterale, but not the corticoidea dorsolateralis, display value and effort discounting activity
Authors: Dykes Madeline , Porter Blake , Colombo Michael
Published: October 2019

We recorded from single neurons in two areas of the pigeon brain while birds were required to peck a stimulus indicating either a high effort task or a low effort task would follow. Upon completion of the task the birds received the same reward. We found that activity in the nidopallium caudolaterale, an area equivalent to the mammalian prefrontal cortex, was modulated by the value of the reward that would be received based on how much effort was required to obtain it. Value coding was most prominent during the presentation of the stimulus indicating a high or low effort task, and in the delay period immediately prior to carrying out the effort task. In contrast, activity in the corticoidea dorsolateralis was not modulated by value, however, population firing patterns suggest that it may be involved in associating actions with outcomes. Our findings support the view that activity in the nidopallium caudolaterale reflects value of reward as a function of effort discounting and as such may serve functions similar to the mammalian anterior cingulate cortex.
Dual growth mode of boron nitride nanotubes in high temperature pressure laser ablation
Authors: Kim Jun Hee , Cho Hyunjin , Pham Thang Viet , Hwang Jae Hun , Ahn Seokhoon , Jang Se Gyu , Lee Hunsu , Park Cheol , Kim Cheol Sang , Kim Myung Jong
Published: October 2019

The morphological analysis of the end of boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) can provide valuable insight into the growth mechanism in high temperature pressure (HTP) laser ablation where the best quality of BNNT materials can be obtained so far. Two growth modes of BNNT coexisting during the synthesis process have been proposed based on HR-TEM observation and length analysis. One is the root growth mode, in which boron nitride (BN) species formed via the surface interaction between surrounding N2 molecules and boron nanodroplets incorporate into the tubular structure. Another mode called open-end growth mode means the prolongation of tube growth from the exposed BN edge surrounding the surface of boron nanodroplets which is constructed by the heterogeneous nucleation of absorbed BN radicals from the gas plume. The statistical data, the proportions of end structures and the length of BNNTs, could be fitted to two growth modes, and the open-end growth mode is found to be especially effective in producing longer nanotubes with a higher growth rate. The scientific understanding of the growth mechanism is believed to provide the control for optimized production of BNNTs.
Effects of attachment-based compassion therapy (ABCT) on brain-derived neurotrophic factor and low-grade inflammation among fibromyalgia patients: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Montero-Marin Jesus , Andrés-Rodríguez Laura , Tops Mattie , Luciano Juan V. , Navarro-Gil Mayte , Feliu-Soler Albert , López-del-Hoyo Yolanda , Garcia-Campayo Javier
Published: October 2019

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a disabling syndrome characterized by chronic pain associated with fatigue. Its pathogenesis is unknown, but alterations in central sensitization, involving an imbalance of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and inflammatory biomarkers, appear to be implicated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of attachment-based compassion therapy (ABCT) on levels of BDNF, the inflammatory markers TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and the C-reactive protein (CRP), analysing whether biomarkers play a mediating/moderating role in improvements in FM functional status. Thirty-four female patients with FM participated in a RCT and were assigned to ABCT or relaxation therapy. Blood extractions were conducted at baseline and post-intervention, with self-report assessments of functional status (FIQ) at baseline, post-intervention and 3-month follow-up. A pro-inflammatory composite was obtained by summing up IL-6, TNF-α and CRP normalized values. Non-parametric tests, analysis of variance and regression models were used to evaluate treatment and mediation/moderation. Compared to relaxation therapy, ABCT showed significant improvements in FIQ and decreases in BDNF, CRP, and pro-inflammatory composite. Changes in BDNF had a mediating role in FIQ. ABCT seems to reduce BDNF and appears to have anti-inflammatory effects in FM patients. Reductions in BDNF could be a mechanism of FM functional status improvement.

Clinical Trial Registration:http://ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02454244. Date: May 27th, 2015.
Physiological and transcriptome analyses of photosynthesis and chlorophyll metabolism in variegated Citrus (Shiranuhi and Huangguogan) seedlings
Authors: Xiong Bo , Qiu Xia , Huang Shengjia , Wang Xiaojia , Zhang Xu , Dong Tiantian , Wang Tie , Li Sichen , Sun Guochao , Zhu Jin , Wang Zhihui
Published: October 2019

Citrus species are among the most economically important fruit crops. Physiological characteristics and molecular mechanisms associated with de-etiolation have been partially revealed. However, little is known about the mechanisms controlling the expression and function of genes associated with photosynthesis and chlorophyll biosynthesis in variegated citrus seedlings. The lower biomass, chlorophyll contents, and photosynthetic parameter values recorded for the variegated seedlings suggested that chlorophyll biosynthesis was partially inhibited. Additionally, roots of the variegated seedlings were longer than the roots of green seedlings. We obtained 567.07 million clean reads and 85.05 Gb of RNA-sequencing data, with more than 94.19% of the reads having a quality score of Q30 (sequencing error rate = 0.1%). Furthermore, we detected 4,786 and 7,007 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between variegated and green Shiranuhi and Huangguogan seedlings. Thirty common pathways were differentially regulated, including pathways related to photosynthesis (GO: 0015979) and the chloroplast (GO: 0009507). Photosynthesis (44 and 63 DEGs), photosynthesis-antenna proteins (14 and 29 DEGs), and flavonoid biosynthesis (16 and 29 DEGs) pathways were the most common KEGG pathways detected in two analyzed libraries. Differences in the expression patterns of PsbQ, PetF, PetB, PsaA, PsaN, PsbP, PsaF, Cluster-2274.8338 (ZIP1), Cluster-2274.38688 (PTC52), and Cluster-2274.78784 might be responsible for the variegation in citrus seedlings. We completed a physiological- and transcriptome-level comparison of the Shiranuhi and Huangguogan cultivars that differ in terms of seedling variegation. We performed mRNA-seq analyses of variegated and green Shiranuhi and Huangguogan seedlings to explore the genes and regulatory pathways involved in the inhibition of chlorophyll biosynthesis and decreases in Chl a and Chl b contents. The candidate genes described herein should be investigated in greater detail to further characterize variegated citrus seedlings.
Enzyme-free release of adhered cells from standard culture dishes using intermittent ultrasonic traveling waves
Authors: Kurashina Yuta , Imashiro Chikahiro , Hirano Makoto , Kuribara Taiki , Totani Kiichiro , Ohnuma Kiyoshi , Friend James , Takemura Kenjiro
Published: October 2019

Cell detachment is essential in culturing adherent cells. Trypsinization is the most popular detachment technique, even though it reduces viability due to the damage to the membrane and extracellular matrix. Avoiding such damage would improve cell culture efficiency. Here we propose an enzyme-free cell detachment method that employs the acoustic pressure, sloshing in serum-free medium from intermittent traveling wave. This method detaches 96.2% of the cells, and increases its transfer yield to 130% of conventional methods for 48 h, compared to the number of cells detached by trypsinization. We show the elimination of trypsinization reduces cell damage, improving the survival of the detached cells. Acoustic pressure applied to the cells and media sloshing from the intermittent traveling wave were identified as the most important factors leading to cell detachment. This proposed method will improve biopharmaceutical production by expediting the amplification of tissue-cultured cells through a more efficient transfer process.
Partially oxidized DJ-1 inhibits α-synuclein nucleation and remodels mature α-synuclein fibrils in vitro
Authors: Kumar Roshan , Kumar Sanjay , Hanpude Pranita , Singh Abhishek Kumar , Johari Tanu , Majumder Sushanta , Maiti Tushar Kanti
Published: October 2019

DJ-1 is a deglycase enzyme which exhibits a redox-sensitive chaperone-like activity. The partially oxidized state of DJ-1 is active in inhibiting the aggregation of α-synuclein, a key protein associated with Parkinson’s disease. The underlying molecular mechanism behind α-synuclein aggregation inhibition remains unknown. Here we report that the partially oxidized DJ-1 possesses an adhesive surface which sequesters α-synuclein monomers and blocks the early stages of α-synuclein aggregation and also restricts the elongation of α-synuclein fibrils. DJ-1 remodels mature α-synuclein fibrils into heterogeneous toxic oligomeric species. The remodeled fibers show loose surface topology due to a decrease in elastic modulus and disrupt membrane architecture, internalize easily and induce aberrant nitric oxide release. Our results provide a mechanism by which partially oxidized DJ-1 counteracts α-synuclein aggregation at initial stages of aggregation and provide evidence of a deleterious effect of remodeled α-synuclein species generated by partially oxidized DJ-1.
Probing exosome internalization pathways through confocal microscopy imaging
Authors: He Fang , Ye Ze-Yu , Zhao Li-Dong , Yin Bin-Cheng , Ye Bang-Ce
Published: October 2019

A novel fluorescence labelling method was developed to track exosome internalization pathways in living cells by confocal microscopy imaging.
Palladium(ii) complexes with thiosemicarbazones derived from pyrene as topoisomerase IB inhibitors
Authors: Oliveira Carolina G. , Romero-Canelón Isolda , Silva Monize M. , Coverdale James P. C. , Maia Pedro Ivo S. , Batista Alzir A. , Castelli Silvia , Desideri Alessandro , Sadler Peter J. , Deflon Victor M.
Published: October 2019

New palladium complexes exhibit potent antiproliferative activity against A2780 and cisplatin-resistant A2780C is human ovarian cancer cells.
The molecular interactions of organic compounds with tire crumb materials differ substantially from those with other microplastics
Authors: Hüffer Thorsten , Wehrhahn Maren , Hofmann Thilo
Published: October 2019

Sorption of organic compounds to tire crumb materials highly resembles sorption to the rubber fraction and less sorption to carbon black and sorption to tire materials differs substantially from sorption to other microplastics.
“Water soluble” palladium nanoparticle engineering for C–C coupling, reduction and cyclization catalysis
Authors: Iben Ayad A. , Belda Marín C. , Colaco E. , Lefevre C. , Méthivier C. , Ould Driss A. , Landoulsi J. , Guénin E.
Published: October 2019

Water stable Pd-NPs prepared in an eco-friendly manner enable highly efficient catalysis of 6 organic reactions in aqueous media with quantities of Pd down to the ppm level and high turnover frequencies.
Computational discovery of weak-intermolecular-interaction-tuning ferroelectricity/ferroelasticity of pure organic rotator–stator-type assemblies designed through a symmetry/structure-limited structure search
Authors: Yang Dai-Bei , Jian Zhi-Bin , Gao Yi , Chen Shuang
Published: October 2019

A symmetry/structure-limited structure search was developed to realize the successful design of a novel series of pure organic ferroelectrics.
Transition metal-free synthesis of fluoroalkylated oxindolesviabase-mediated fluoroalkylation ofN-arylacrylamides with RFI
Authors: Yang Zhiyong , Cheng Yuanyuan , Long Jikun , Feng Xiaoying , Tang Rong , Wei Jinmei
Published: October 2019

A novel method for synthesizing fluoroalkylated oxindoles by the cyclization ofN-arylacrylamides with fluoroalkyl iodide initiated with K2CO3is reported.
Trinuclear copper(ii) bromide complex [C3H5N3Br]2n[Cu3Br8]n. Structure, magnetic properties and DFT calculations
Authors: Berezin A. S. , Komarovskikh A. Yu. , Komarov V. Y. , Syrokvashin M. M. , Sheven D. G.
Published: October 2019

Halidocuprates(ii) show unusual magnetic properties and a high degree of structural flexibility.
Metronidazole-functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles for molecular detection of hypoxic tissues
Authors: Filippi Miriam , Nguyen Dinh-Vu , Garello Francesca , Perton Francis , Bégin-Colin Sylvie , Felder-Flesch Delphine , Power Laura , Scherberich Arnaud
Published: October 2019

Functionalization of dendronized iron oxide nanoparticles with the bioreductive compound metronidazole for magnetic resonance imaging of hypoxic tissues.
Theoretical insights into the E1cB/E2 mechanistic dichotomy of elimination reactions
Authors: Ortega Daniela E. , Ormazábal-Toledo Rodrigo , Contreras Renato , Matute Ricardo A.
Published: October 2019

Modeling the E1cB, E2, and E1cB/E2 borderline mechanisms in terms of carbanion stabilization.
An efficient synthesis of benzothiazole using tetrabromomethane as a halogen bond donor catalyst
Authors: Kazi Imran , Sekar Govindasamy
Published: October 2019

A CBr4 catalyzed simple, mild, and efficient protocol has been developed for the synthesis of 2-substituted benzothiazole from 2-aminothiophenols and N-methylthioamides under solvent free conditions.
Synthesis and characterization of a novel CNT-FeNi3/DFNS/Cu(ii) magnetic nanocomposite for the photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline in wastewater
Authors: Zhao Yanhua , Tang Jie Juan , Motavalizadehkakhky Alireza , Kakooei Saeid , Sadeghzadeh Seyed Mohsen
Published: October 2019

Herein, Cu(ii) complexes were anchored within the nanospaces of a magnetic fibrous silicate with a high surface area and easily accessible active sites via a facile approach, leading to the successful synthesis of a novel potent nanocatalyst (FeNi3/DFNS/Cu).
A germanium and zinc chalcogenide as an anode for a high-capacity and long cycle life lithium battery
Authors: Chen Xu , Zhou Jian , Li Jiarui , Luo Haiyan , Mei Lin , Wang Tao , Zhu Jian , Zhang Yong
Published: October 2019

High-performance lithium ion batteries are ideal energy storage devices for both grid-scale and large-scale applications.
Self-encapsulation liquid metal materials for flexible and stretchable electrical conductors
Authors: Fu Jun-Heng , Gao Jian-Ye , Chen Sen , Qin Peng , Shi Jin-Tao , Liu Jing
Published: October 2019

A one-step strategy for fabricating flexible conductors via phase separation is proposed, wherein, the liquid metal was implanted into polydimethylsiloxane, whose viscosity was changed using hexane.
The exogenous delivery of microRNA-449b-5p using spermidine-PLGA nanoparticles efficiently decreases hepatic injury
Authors: Hu Fengli , Yang Dongdong , Qian Bo , Fan Shengjie , Zhu Qiankun , Ren Haiyang , Li Xiaodong , Zhai Bo
Published: October 2019

The present study highlights the importance of miR-449b-5p in the inhibition of HMGB1 and thereby it's treatment potential in hepatic injury.
p-MoS2/n-InSe van der Waals heterojunctions and their applications in all-2D optoelectronic devices
Authors: Li Pan , Yuan Kai , Lin Der-Yuh , Wang Tingting , Du Wanying , Wei Zhongming , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Ye Yu , Dai Lun
Published: October 2019

A library of 2D semiconductors are prepared providing a new platform for developing high-performance optoelectronic devices. All-2D optoelectronic devices based on type-II p-MoS2/n-InSe vdWs heterojunctions operate at the near-IR wavelength range.
Metal-free oxidative trifluoromethylation of indoles with CF3SO2Na on the C2 position
Authors: Xie Jiao-Jiao , Wang Zhi-Qing , Jiang Guo-Fang
Published: October 2019

An efficient method of synthesizing 2-trifluoromethylindoles from indoles with easy-to-handle, cheap and low-toxic CF3SO2Na under metal-free conditions is described, which selectively introduces trifluoromethyl to indoles on the C2 position.
Regioselective ring expansion followed by H-shift of 3-ylidene oxindoles: a convenient synthesis of N-substituted/un-substituted pyrrolo[2,3-c] quinolines and marinoquinolines
Authors: Ramu Gopathi , Ambala Srinivas , Nanubolu Jagadeesh Babu , Nagendra Babu Bathini
Published: October 2019

Herein, we report a simple and metal-free protocol for the synthesis of 4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]quinolines.
Adaptation of Cu(In, Ga)Se2 photovoltaics for full unbiased photocharge of integrated solar vanadium redox flow batteries
Authors: Murcia-López Sebastián , Chakraborty Monalisa , Carretero Nina M. , Flox Cristina , Morante Joan Ramón , Andreu Teresa
Published: October 2019

Adapted CIGS was integrated into vanadium redox flow batteries showing that only photovoltaics matching cell requirements achieve full unbiased photo-charge.
Facile fabrication of an F-POSS polymer-based liquid-repellent Cu mesh with excellent durability and self-cleaning performance
Authors: Luo Guanzhou , Wang Li , Li Xinying , Yang Kai , Luo Yongle , Xu Shouping , Pi Pihui , Wen Xiufang
Published: October 2019

A facile method that combines alkali-assisted oxidation and –SH chelation with a click chemistry reaction was employed to create an F-POSS polymer surface (fluorinated octavinyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane polymer)-based Cu mesh (F-POSS-OM).
Atomic-level active sites of efficient imidazolate framework-derived nickel catalysts for CO2 reduction
Authors: Pan Fuping , Zhang Hanguang , Liu Zhenyu , Cullen David , Liu Kexi , More Karren , Wu Gang , Wang Guofeng , Li Ying
Published: October 2019

Active sites of single-atom nickel catalysts for CO2 reduction were revealed to be edge-located Ni–N2+2 sites with dangling bond-containing carbon atoms, which facilitate the dissociation of the C–O bond of *COOH intermediate.
Thermally induced top-down nanostructuring for the synthesis of a core/shell-structured CoO/CoSx electrocatalyst
Authors: Kim Min Soo , Abbas Muhammad Awais , Thota Raju , Bang Jin Ho
Published: October 2019

A top-down nanostructuring approach based on sequential reduction and sulfurization reactions is devised to prepare a highly active Co-based electrocatalyst from bulk Co3O4.
Enhancing the energy storage properties of Ca0.5Sr0.5TiO3-based lead-free linear dielectric ceramics with excellent stability through regulating grain boundary defects
Authors: Pu Yongping , Wang Wen , Guo Xu , Shi Ruike , Yang Mengdie , Li Jingwei
Published: October 2019

Dielectric materials with high energy densities and efficiencies are greatly required in the field of power electronics to satisfy demand.
Intermittent fault detection for discrete‐ time linear stochastic systems with time delay
Authors: Zhang Sen , Sheng Li , Gao Ming , Zhou Donghua
Published: October 2019

This study investigates the problem of intermittent fault (IF) detection for a class of discrete‐time linear stochastic systems (LSSs) with time delay. The IF has the characteristics of intermittency, randomness and uncertainty, and the time delay is constant. By using the lifting method and a reduced‐order observer, the truncated residual over a sliding‐time window is presented for the IF detection of discrete‐time LSSs with time delay. Two hypothesis tests are proposed to set the thresholds for detecting the appearing (disappearing) time of IF. Moreover, the magnitude of IF is estimated and the detectability of IF is analysed based on the analysis of statistical characteristics of the truncated residual. The efficacy and practicality of the derived detection scheme are verified via a numerical simulation of the Williams–Otto process.
Structure‐preserving interval‐limited balanced truncation reduced models for port‐Hamiltonian systems
Authors: Xu Kangli , Jiang Yaolin
Published: October 2019

In this study, the authors propose structure‐preserving balanced truncation methods of port‐Hamiltonian systems over the frequency and time intervals. First, the port‐Hamiltonian system is reduced based on the frequency‐interval controllability and observability Gramians. In order to reduce the computational cost, the frequency‐interval cross Gramian is utilised to yield the frequency‐interval balanced truncation method. For the symmetric port‐Hamiltonian systems, the authors prove that these two methods can generate equivalent reduced systems. Additionally, they are also devoted in exploring two structure‐preserving balanced truncation methods over time intervals, where one is based on the time interval controllability and observability Gramians and the other is based on the time interval cross Gramian. All the resulting reduced systems have port‐Hamiltonian structure, and as a consequence, they are passive. Two numerical examples are simulated to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed methods.
Application of AHP and D‐S evidential theory in radar seeker anti‐interference performance evaluation
Authors: Liu Xinghai , Yang Jian , Lu Jian , Liu Guangbin , Geng Zhi
Published: October 2019

Comprehensive assessment of guidance radar seeker anti‐interference performance has important application value in complex electromagnetic simulation environment. Radar seeker performance evaluation is a systematic work including complex electromagnetic environment simulation, test data acquisition, and evaluation algorithm application. Evaluators need to judge how the seeker performance is based on data obtained by multiple tests. This study mainly discusses the application of analytic hierarchy process and Dempster–Shafer (D‐S) evidential theory, which is based on posteriori probability in the radar seeker anti‐interference performance assessment. Then, the authors give the algorithm application processes and assessment results combined with experimental data. Experiment results verify that both algorithms achieve similar assessment results, which support the reasonableness of two algorithms mutually.
VLT/SPHERE exploration of the young multiplanetary system PDS70
Authors: Mesa D. , Keppler M. , Cantalloube F. , Rodet L. , Charnay B. , Gratton R. , Langlois M. , Boccaletti A. , Bonnefoy M. , Vigan A. , Flasseur O. , Bae J. , Benisty M. , Chauvin G. , de Boer J. , Desidera S. , Henning T. , Lagrange A.-M. , Meyer M. , Milli J. , Müller A. , Pairet B. , Zurlo A. , Antoniucci S. , Baudino J.-L. , Brown Sevilla S. , Cascone E. , Cheetham A. , Claudi R. U. , Delorme P. , D’Orazi V. , Feldt M. , Hagelberg J. , Janson M. , Kral Q. , Lagadec E. , Lazzoni C. , Ligi R. , Maire A.-L. , Martinez P. , Menard F. , Meunier N. , Perrot C. , Petrus S. , Pinte C. , Rickman E. L. , Rochat S. , Rouan D. , Samland M. , Sauvage J.-F. , Schmidt T. , Udry S. , Weber L. , Wildi F.
Published: October 2019

Context. PDS 70 is a young (5.4 Myr), nearby (~113 pc) star hosting a known transition disk with a large gap. Recent observations with SPHERE and NACO in the near-infrared (NIR) allowed us to detect a planetary mass companion, PDS 70 b, within the disk cavity. Moreover, observations in Hα with MagAO and MUSE revealed emission associated to PDS 70 b and to another new companion candidate, PDS 70 c, at a larger separation from the star. PDS 70 is the only multiple planetary system at its formation stage detected so far through direct imaging.

Aims. Our aim is to confirm the discovery of the second planet PDS 70 c using SPHERE at VLT, to further characterize its physical properties, and search for additional point sources in this young planetary system.

Methods. We re-analyzed archival SPHERE NIR observations and obtained new data in Y, J, H and K spectral bands for a total of four different epochs. The data were reduced using the data reduction and handling pipeline and the SPHERE data center. We then applied custom routines (e.g., ANDROMEDA and PACO) to subtract the starlight.

Results. We re-detect both PDS 70 b and c and confirm that PDS 70 c is gravitationally bound to the star. We estimate this second planet to be less massive than 5 MJup and with a Teff around 900 K. Also, it has a low gravity with logg between 3.0 and 3.5 dex. In addition, a third object has been identified at short separation (~0.12′′) from the star and gravitationally bound to the star. Its spectrum is however very blue, meaning that we are probably seeing stellar light reflected by dust and our analysis seems to demonstrate that it is a feature of the inner disk. We cannot however completely exclude the possibility that it is a planetary mass object enshrouded by a dust envelope. In this latter case, its mass should be of the order of a few tens of M⊕. Moreover, we propose a possible structure for the planetary system based on our data, and find that this structure cannot be stable on a long timescale.
Observational signatures of the third harmonic in a decaying kink oscillation of a coronal loop
Authors: Duckenfield T. J. , Goddard C. R. , Pascoe D. J. , Nakariakov V. M.
Published: October 2019

Aims. An observation of a coronal loop standing kink mode is analysed to search for higher harmonics, aiming to reveal the relation between different harmonics’ quality factors.

Methods. Observations of a coronal loop were taken by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) of the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). The loop’s axis was tracked at many spatial positions along the loop to generate time series data.

Results. The distribution of spectral power of the oscillatory transverse displacements throughout the loop reveals the presence of two harmonics, a fundamental at a period of ∼8 min and its third harmonic at ∼2.6 min. The node of the third harmonic is seen at approximately a third of the way along the length of the loop, and cross correlations between the oscillatory motion on opposing sides of the node show a change in phase behaviour. The ratio of periods P1/3P3 was found to be ∼0.87, indicating a non-uniform distribution of kink speed through the loop. The quality factor for the fundamental mode of oscillation was measured to be ∼3.4. The quality factor of the third harmonic was measured for each spatial location and, where data was reliable, yielded a value of ∼3.6. For all locations, the quality factors for the two harmonics were found to agree within error as expected from 1d resonant absorption theory. This is the first time a measurement of the signal quality for a higher harmonic of a kink oscillation has been reported with spatially resolved data.
Les facteurs de l’adoption de l’anacarde dans le bassin cotonnier de Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Koffi Simplice Yao , Oura Kouadio Raphaël
Published: October 2019

L’adoption de l’anacarde est une stratégie de diversification des revenus agricoles dans le bassin cotonnier de Côte d’Ivoire. L’étude évalue cette diversification des revenus en considérant la part que prend l’anacarde dans la formation desdits revenus, mais aussi les stratégies développées par les producteurs pour l’adoption de cette nouvelle culture. Les enquêtes ont été menées en 2017, auprès d’un échantillon de 303 chefs d’exploitation dans les sous-préfectures de Boundiali (Nord), de Katiola (Centre) et de Gohitafla (Centre-Ouest). L’étude s’est concentrée dans un premier temps sur l’identification des facteurs de l’adoption de l’anacarde dans la zone. Ensuite, elle a évalué l’ampleur de cette adoption en considérant les volumes de production et les revenus perçus par les chefs d’exploitation. Enfin, l’analyse des pratiques de plantation en cours montre que, de plus en plus, l’anacarde se positionne comme une culture de rente complémentaire au coton et aux produits vivriers. Les facteurs de l’adoption de l’anacarde sont les marges brutes de cette culture, supérieures à celles du coton, et la pénibilité de l’activité cotonnière. L’adoption de l’anacarde participe à la transformation du paysage agricole et à une diversification des revenus en milieu rural.
Design and study of seeding devices for small selection seeding machines
Authors: Nemtinov Vladimir , Kryuchin Nikolai , Kryuchin Alexandr , Nemtinova Yulia
Published: October 2019

In this paper, it is proposed to use a self-propelled pneumatic mini-seeder with replaceable mechanical sowing devices designed and manufactured using computer technologies, advanced software and threedimensional printing for seeds selection. As a result of the research, hightech operating devices for a grain-drill feed with screw and disk-pin continuous seed metering are designed and manufactured. Grain-drill feeds allow sowing of free-flowing and non-free-flowing seeds, when used as seed meters on self-propelled pneumatic mini-seeders for selection sowing of grass seeds. Analysis of laboratory results of and field studies of the proposed grain-drill feeds allowed to determine the qualitative indicators of their performance: at a disk rotation speed of up to 15 rpm a linear dependence of the seed supply on the rotation frequency is provided; in the field studies, the instability of bluegrass seeding did not exceed 8%. The highest performance of the screw is obtained at the angle of choke inclination of 30...35 degrees with the seeding instability indicator of 2.5...3.5%. The developed grain-drill feed will significantly reduce the range of seeders and expand the set of sown seeds of various agricultural plants with one brand of a grain-drill feed.
V.P. Goryachkin’s rational equation in differential form
Authors: Zhalnin Eduard
Published: October 2019

The so-called V.P. Goryachkin’s rational equation is commonly used to calculate plow drag value and estimate the pulling force required during tilling in the field. Its first component represents drag value of the plow mass multiplied by the friction ratio (rolling friction, sliding friction) of the plow elements against the furrow bottom and walls. The second component describes the parameters of soil layer tilled and the ratios describing the type and condition of the soil. The third element describes the soil layer parameters, plow speed squared and energy ratio, which reflects the soil characteristics, type and condition of the plow surfaces rubbing against the soil and the soil lifting force. The rational equation has been tested in numerous experiments and proved satisfactory in most cases, with different plows and different soil types; the margin of error varies, however. Moreover, the formula proved to be universal and found use in other cases to calculate the drag of a certain object in liquid or gaseous environments. In this work the authors derive a general system of differential equations which can be solved to derive V.P. Goryachkin’s rational equation and its numerous variants and specific applications.
Selection and justification of the design of polymer sieves of air–sieve machines
Authors: Grishkov Aleksandr , Chebotarev Evgeneiy , Boiko Andrey
Published: October 2019

Post-harvest process of the grain is characterized by a large percentage of impacts on grain material by using cleaning machines and transporting devices. The grain material has a large number of macro and micro seeds damage at the exit, which negatively affects to the quality indicators and seeds sowing properties. This problem is undoubtedly actual, and one of the ways to solve is using of new types of construction from polymer.
Substantiation of the technological scheme of pneumatic grain seeder of subsurface dense sowing
Authors: Bogus Azamat E. , Kuzmenko Arsenyi D.
Published: October 2019

The article describes the shortcomings of existing structures and units of pneumatic grain seeders. There was analyzed the technological process of distribution of seed material in distribution systems. There were described the various options of developed designs of dosing and distributive systems allowing to increase the sowing machines efficiency. To improve the efficiency of sowing machines, it is proposed to establish a distribution of seeds with a downward flow, which will increase the uniformity of seed supply to coulters and, consequently, increase the uniformity of their distribution over the field surface.
Justification optimal operating parameters of the conveyor, which is the mechanism of the header for two–phase harvesting by batch method, taking into account the minimization of losses of grain
Authors: Konstantinov Mikhail , Gluchkov Ivan , Ognev Igor
Published: October 2019

The object of research is the conveyor, which is the mechanism of the header for two–phase harvesting by batch method. The aim of the research is to develop the design and technological process ofthe roll portion header, the most suitable for the conditions of arid climate with the justification ofits main operating parameters. In the conditions of the steppe zone of the southern Urals, a separatemethod of harvesting grain crops is more preferable. The analysis of the structures windrowers allowed todevelop a portion of the header. The technological process as a portion of the header includes two phases — mowing and subsequent accumulation of the grain mass on the conveyor, and then upload. The unloaded portions are joined with the stacked in the previous passage – this is how the roll strip is formed. This option of laying the roll can reduce the number of passes in the selection of about 4–5 times in comparison with the basic technology. This allows you to reduce the cost of selection and reduce the impact of heavy machinery on the soil. A special role in the work of the header plays a conveyor. It is established that the thickness of the layer of stems on the Reaper conveyor depends on theworking length of the conveyor and the speed of movement of the unit on the field, the density and diameter of the stalk, the density of laying on the conveyor.
Difficulties of technogenic formations roasting products processing into the portland cement clinker in the presence of a significant amount of SO3
Authors: Sheshukov Oleg , Denis Egiazaryan
Published: October 2019

Synthesis of the portland cement clinker in the presence of a significant amount of SO3 is difficultdue to the tricalcium silicate formation suppression. Since some technogenic formations contain a significant amount of SO3 it is hard to obtain the portland cement clinker from it. The analysis of the SO3 influence on the clinker–formation thermodynamic process allowed to reveal a number of regularities of their occurrence and to propose a method for the raw mix composition calculating and its preparation toensure a stable portland cement clinker synthesis.
Theoretical justification of fruit separation process by a planetary fruit separator
Authors: Belousov Sergey V. , Gusak Evgeny S.
Published: October 2019

The article is devoted to the theoretical justification of the process of rolling stems by planetaryrollers of the fruit separator in the harvesting of Solanaceae vegetables as reusable as direct full harvest. The article has a theoretical, research character, expressed in the fact that the issue of Solanaceae vegetables harvesting was theoretically considered, the analysis of methods and means for the introduction of dry inorganic substances was given, when considering the process of rolling stems of Solanaceae vegetables as a rolling of elastic–plastic material there were obtained the dependences that determine the kinematic and energy parameters of planetary multi–rolling fruit separators. The type of the proposed design is theoretically justified, its description and the flow of the technological process are given. As a result of the work done, the dependences of the main parameters and values are obtained, which can be used in further work on the study of the parameters and dependencies of the interaction ofthe fruits of Solanaceae vegetables in interaction with planetary fruit separators.
Justification of ways to increase the durability of tillage working bodies
Authors: Babitskiy Leonid , Moskalevich Vadim , Mischuk Sergey
Published: October 2019

Based on an analysis of the features of operation of tillage working bodies proposed methods to increase their durability, combining intermittent overlaying welding surfaces by wear–resistant materials and influence deep cold. Justified stand options for cryogenic influence on details of tillage machinery. The results of the experiment for the realization of the offered methods of durability for example loosening claws of the tiller are given
Assessment of qualitative indicators of drinking water and their influence on human health, as ecological safety factor of population
Authors: Bondarenko V.L. , Khetsuriani E.D. , Ilyasov A.I. , Semenova E.A.
Published: October 2019

Based on the results of experimental studies of the cyanobacteria and toxins properties, produced byblue-green algae, was assessed the quality of drinking water according to organoleptic characteristics in the area of the Lower Don geosystem. Experimental data on the properties of cyanobacteria and toxinsproduced by blue-green algae are presented in this study. Based on the results of research at the pilotplant, the basics of drinking water purification technology in the water dipper from blue-green algae have been developed, which to some extent helps to increase the environmental safety of drinking water in urban systems and settlements.
In-situ curing mechanism of Portland cement
Authors: Abzaev Yurii , Gnyrya Aleksei , Korobkov Sergei , Dudov Danil , Mihailov Dmitrii , Vodnev Bogdan
Published: October 2019

The paper presents the results of predictive modelling of the curing mechanism of the type CEM I 42.5B Portland cement using the VCCTL tool. The curing lasts during 28 days at 20 оС and the water-cement (W/C) ratio of 0.26, 0.30, 0.35 and 0.40. It is shown that the degree of Portland cement hydration is ~0.70 after 28-day curing. The growth in the W/C ratio significantly intensifies the hydration rate and the dissolution of clinker minerals. The amount of the main hydration products calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) and portlandite considerably increases with the W/C ratio. In Portland cement, the fraction of hydrated cement achieves 0.60 of the solid phase and the pore space. It is found that the effective elastic moduli rapidly increase during 400 hours, and then monotonely lower down to 16.79 GPa for the bulk modulus, 8.90 GPa for the shear modulus and 22.69 GPa for Young’s modulus. Relatively high values of the effective elastic moduli are explained by the higher content of the clinker phases and, probably, the higher degree of C-S-H crystallinity. The dependence between the yield stress and Young’s modulus is in good agreement with the VCCTL microstructural model of Portland cement curing.
Cold spray deposition of thermoplastic powder for road marking
Authors: Brusentseva Tatyana , Shikalov Vladislav , Fomin Vasiliy
Published: October 2019

The work is devoted to the deposition of polymer powder materials by cold spray method. Preliminary experimental results show that although an increase in the working air temperature leads to a noticeable increase in the deposition efficiency of thermoplastic (up to 0.05), it still remains low for cold spray. In the future, the proposed method for applying road marking will allow to obtain a coating with high wear resistance, increased service life, which can be used in various climatic zones in the temperature range from -40 °C to +40 °C, which will allow replacing water and solvent based paints with least service life.
Calculation Of Reinforced Concrete Slabs On Yielding Supports Under Short-term Dynamic Loading
Authors: Galyautdinov Zaur
Published: October 2019

Buildings and structures used for industrial and civil purposes are exposed to dynamic impacts of emergency nature. To protection of structures one should improve methods for dynamic analysis of structures and also elaborate effective design solutions that ensure structural reliability under intensive dynamic impacts. The given paper considers the multi-layer deformation model for concrete beams; calculation method for 2-way reinforced concrete slabs was elaborated on its basis. In regards to structural solutions, application of yielding supports provides the increasing structural resistance towards dynamic loads of large intensity. The yielding supports are presented as deformable elements of ring cross-section which are characterized by three phases of deformation: elastic, elasto-plastic and hardening phase. The numerical study allowed to evaluate the influence of yielding supports stiffness in plastic phase of deformation on the work of reinforced concrete slabs, as well as the effect of the nature of stiffness distribution along the perimeter of the slab and the deformation level of yielding supports at the moment of transition to the plastic phase deformation. Resulting from the calculations physical and mechanical parameters of supports were defined allowing getting the maximum effect in decrease of the stress-strain state of the structure.
Experimental and theoretical researches of high-speed interaction of thin obstacles with a metal fragment
Authors: Afanasyeva Svetlana , Burkin Viktor , Dyachkovsky Aleksey , Ishchenko Alexandr , Rogaev Konstantin , Sammel Anton , Sidorov Aleksey , Skosyrsky Anatoly , Stepanov Evgeny , Chupashev Andrey
Published: October 2019

The development of lightweight protective structures of increased ballistic resistance is not an easy task, since often there are conflicting requirements in terms of cost, weight, thickness, materials availability, processability, etc. To assess the effectiveness of protective structures one should use methods that allow to research the obstacles destruction when collided with high-speed particles. The paper is devoted to the actual problem of studying the ballistic stability of thin barriers made of various protective materials (steel, titanium alloy, ceramics, metal ceramics) when interacting with a metal fragment simulator a spherical steel drummer in the range of interaction speeds of about 2500 m/s. An experimental technique has been developed to study the most important indicators: the depth of a crater in an obstacle, a fragment’s velocity drop when interacting with protection, the obstacle’s and splinter’s fragments scattering in overgraded space. Mathematical modeling was carried out within the framework of continuum mechanics, which adequately describes the interaction process of the drummer and the obstacle under various impact conditions.
Anti-Tumor Activity and Safety of Multikinase Inhibitors in
Advanced and/or Metastatic Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review
and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Tsoli Marina , Alexandraki Krystallenia I. , Spei Maria-Eleni , Kaltsas Gregory A. , Daskalakis Kosmas
Published: October 2019

Many trials have demonstrated prime antitumor activity of novel, small molecule
multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) in advanced and/or metastatic thyroid
cancer (TC). In this work, the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of
Controlled Trials, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and clinicaltrials.gov databases were
searched. Quality/risk of bias were assessed using GRADE criteria.
Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing two or more systemic therapies in
patients with advanced and/or metastatic thyroid cancer were assessed. A
total of 1347 articles and 548 clinical trials in clinicaltrials.gov were
screened. We included seven relevant RCTs comprising 1934 unique patients
assigned to different MKIs. Two separate network meta-analyses included four
RCTs in radioiodine refractory well-differentiated thyroid cancer (RR-WDTC) and
three RCTs in medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), respectively; all with a low risk
of bias. We identified three therapies for RR-WDTC: sorafenib [disease control
rate (DCR) odds ratio (OR): 0.11 (95% CI: 0.03–0.40);
progression-free survival (PFS) hazard ratio (HR): 1.99 (95% CI:
1.62–2.46)], vandetanib [DCR_OR:0.26 (95% CI:
0.06–1.24); PFS_HR: 0.99 (95% CI: 0.82–1.20)] and
lenvatinib [DCR_OR: 0.26 (95% CI: 0.05–1.33); PFS_HR: 0.99
(95% CI: 0.81–1.22)]; and the following therapies for MTC:
vandetanib 300 mg [objective response rate (ORR)_OR: 3.31 (95%
CI: 0.68–16.22); vandetanib 150 mg ORR_OR: 0.60 (95% CI:
0.16–2.33)]; and cabozantinib [ORR_OR: 85.32 (95% CI:
5.22–1395.15)]. Serious side effect (SE) analysis per
organ/system demonstrated a varying MKI SE profile across both RR-WDTC
and MTC diagnoses, more commonly involving metabolic/nutritional
disorders [OR: 2.07 [95% CI: 0.82–5.18)] and gastrointestinal SE
[OR: 1.63 (95% CI: 1.0–2.66)]. This network meta-analysis on
advanced and/or metastatic TC points towards a higher efficacy of
lenvatinib in RR-WDTC. The included MKIs exhibit a varying SE profile across
different organs/systems favoring a patient-tailored approach with the
anticipated toxicities guiding clinicians’ decisions.
Circadian Clocks in the Regulation of Neurotransmitter Systems
Authors: Kiehn Jana-Thabea , Faltraco Frank , Palm Denise , Thome Johannes , Oster Henrik
Published: October 2019

To anticipate and adapt to daily recurring events defined by the earth’s rotation such as light-dark and temperature cycles, most species have developed internal, so-called circadian clocks. These clocks are involved in the regulation of behaviors such as the sleep-wake cycle and the secretion of hormones and neurotransmitters. Disruptions of the circadian system affect cognitive functions and are associated with various diseases that are characterized by altered neurotransmitter signaling. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the interplay of the circadian clock and the regulation of psychiatric health and disease.
A Base-Promoted One-Pot Asymmetric Friedel–Crafts Alkylation/Michael Addition of 4-Substituted Indoles
Authors: Connon Robert , Carroll Laura , Guiry Patrick J.
Published: October 2019

Herein, we report a base-promoted Zn(II)–bis(oxazoline)-catalyzed one-pot Friedel–Crafts alkylation/Michael addition of 3-(indol-4-yl)acrylonitrile derivatives with trans-β-nitrostyrenes to yield the tricyclic core of the ergoline skeleton in up to 71% yield and 85% ee. During the purification of 3-(indol-4-yl)acrylonitrile, the key substrate for catalytic studies, a novel trans-cis-trans-cyclobutane derivative, thought to be formed via a [2+2] light-promoted cycloaddition, was identified by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Finally, a novel class of 4-substituted bis(indole)methane derivatives were serendipitously prepared in excellent yield by reacting 4-substituted indole derivatives with 4-nitrobenzaldehyde. One bis(indole)methane was characterized by X-ray crystallographic analysis.
Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Ligraminol D and Ligraminol E
Authors: Mane Baliram B. , Kumbhar D. D. , Waghmode Suresh B.
Published: October 2019

As a part of our ongoing research on the synthesis of bioactive constituents or molecules by using an organocatalytic approach, enantioselective total syntheses of ligraminol D and ligraminol E were achieved starting from a commercially available nonchiral aldehyde. Key steps in this synthesis were an asymmetric α-aminoxylation of an aldehyde and a Mitsunobu reaction.
Clusters of investors around initial public offering
Authors: Baltakienė Margarita , Baltakys Kęstutis , Kanniainen Juho , Pedreschi Dino , Lillo Fabrizio
Published: October 2019

The complex networks approach has been gaining popularity in analysing investor behaviour and stock markets, but within this approach, initial public offerings (IPOs) have barely been explored. We fill this gap in the literature by analysing investor clusters in the first two years after the IPO filing in the Helsinki Stock Exchange by using a statistically validated network method to infer investor links based on the co-occurrences of investors’ trade timing for 69 IPO stocks. Our findings show that a rather large part of statistically similar network structures form in different securities and persist in time for mature and IPO companies. We also find evidence of institutional herding.