bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La inmigración contemporánea en Chile. Entre la diferenciación étnico-nacional y la desigualdad de clases
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Canales Alejandro I.
Published: August 2021

En la última década la migración internacional en Chile ha adquirido un renovado interés. Sin embargo, en muchos casos, la inmigración y los migrantes son analizados como un todo rela-tivamente homogéneo y abstracto, sin considerar las estructuras de diferenciación social que la compone. En este texto, queremos transitar desde los análisis demográficos y formales que ilus-tran los volúmenes y tendencias de la inmigración como un componente de la población chilena, a un análisis de cómo las estructuras de diferenciación de la inmigración se corresponden con las estructuras de diferenciación social y de clases que prevalece en la sociedad chilena. Como proceso social e histórico, la inmigración está también atravesada por las estructuras sociales de diferenciación y desigualdades que conforman a la sociedad chilena, reproduciendo a su modo esas mismas estructuras de diferenciación social. Nuestro interés en este artículo es documentar con datos estadísticos y demográficos estas estructuras de diferenciación social entre los distintos componentes de la inmigración contemporánea en Chile. Para ello nos basaremos en estadísticas sociales y demográficas que registran los censos de población y las encuestas CASEN, principa-les fuentes de información a nivel nacional en Chile.
Epidemic Modelling of COVID-19
Authors: Gupta Mayanka
Published: August 2021

Abstract: COVID-19 has had a disastrous impact on millions of lives all over the world.199,466,211 confirmed cases of COVID19 and 4,244,541 deaths have been reported to WHO till 4th august. Analyzing the available data and predicting the pandemic trend is important since the situation can be controlled only when there is adequate preparation. Research using epidemiological models helps in analyzing different facets of COVID including infection, recovery and death rate. Predicting the daily increase of cases can help reduce the burden on health care workers and government by aiding them in planning the required resources in advance. Thus, in this project data driven epidemic modelling approach is used. COVID cases of 10 forthcoming days using three modelling techniques namely Polynomial Regression, Bayesian Ridge Regression and Support Vector Machine are predicted. The performance metric used to identify the best model are MSE and MAE. Polynomial Regression is found to have best performance followed by Bayesian ridge regression. Support Vector Machine has a poor performance. Keywords: Epidemic Modelling, COVID-19, Machine Learning, Polynomial Regression, Bayesian Ridge Regression, Support Vector Machine
Design and Fabrication of Wheelchair into Foldable Bed
Authors: D. R Vinay
Published: August 2021

Abstract: In this paper lead screw mechanism is used to convert a wheelchair into bed and vice versa. When lead screw mechanism is operated, the foot rest which is downward goes till the level of seat of wheelchair and simultaneously the back support goes down to the same level making, its stretcher and vice versa, when it is converted into wheelchair from stretcher. Below the seat, a defecation system has been provided which is detachable and is operated by sliding mechanism. It is designed and fabricated in such a way that it can be used in hospitals as well as for personal use at home. Below the seat, a defecation system has been provided which is detachable and is operated by sliding mechanism. Also, obstacle avoiding sensor i.e., ultrasonic sensor is used to know if any obstacle will come in front of wheelchair, siren bell will ring. Keywords: Fabrication, Hospital, Mobility Aid, Lead Screw, Design, Wiper Motor, Wheelchair, Battery
Thermal Analysis of Disc Brake System
Authors: Newase Srushti
Published: August 2021

Abstract: Brakes are one of the most significant safety systems in an automobile. In the braking process, the rotor will be exposed to large stresses which result in surface cracking, overheating of brake fluid, seals and other components. Therefore one of the main tasks of the braking system is to reduce the surface temperature of the brake rotor. This can be achieved by choosing the right material which will undergo the least thermal stresses. In this project, thermal analysis for vented disc brake rotor of Mahindra Bolero’s done, for providing an efficient material for disc brake rotor and brake pads which can dissipate heat generated during braking at faster rate and also being structurally safe. Keywords: Braking system, Disc Brake Rotor, Thermal, Structural Analysis, CATIA V5, ANSYS WORKBENCH
Design and Analysis of Rocket Model
Authors: Patel Meet
Published: August 2021

Abstract: Our project consists of designing and analysing a model rocket with the payload of 10 Kilogram capable of reaching 30kms apogee. It makes a lucid way for students to gain a better experience with the model rocket. In this project "Dhruva M 33" is taken as a fundamental rocket design, and all the factors affecting the model are analysed after designing the rocket which helps students to get a relevant idea about payload model rocket. All the different stages are also mentioned in the project which are primary requirement for the Model rocket. And with the help of stimulation entire process is explained properly. As a result, maximum apogee reached was 33.116 km and ground hit velocity was 49.3 m/s
Comparing patent protection in Indonesia with that in Singapore and Hong Kong
Authors: Sudirman Lu , Disemadi Hari Sutra
Published: August 2021

The discovery of technology has a huge impact on the economy of a country, so many countries focus on developing technology and apply this technology in their respective countries. Technological inventions must register patent rights to obtain legal protection to avoid losses that will harm inventors, stimulate creativity in creating new technologies and create fair business competition among companies engaged in technology. This normative research aims to compare patent protection in Indonesia, Singapore, and Hong Kong. The benefit of this research is that it can contribute to scientific literature in the field of patent rights, can provide an overview of the form of patent rights arrangements in several countries outside Indonesia, so as to avoid disputes and/or misunderstandings with other countries. The participation of Indonesia, Singapore, and Hong Kong in ratifying the Convention on the World Trade Organization and the agreement on the Trade Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs) obliges these countries to establish regulations on patents in their respective countries. Although the application of patent law in Indonesia, Singapore, and Hong Kong is based on the terms of the TRIPs agreement, the implementation and regulations must have differences. Patent registration in Indonesia, Singapore, and Hong Kong have the same procedure, namely fulfilling the formal requirements, substantive examination, then the announcement stage. The term of patent protection in Indonesia and Singapore is similar, which is 20 years from the date of filing. However, it is different from Hong Kong, namely from the date of filing. In patent disputes, there are two ways of settlement, namely litigation and non-litigation. Patents in Indonesia, Singapore, and Hong Kong have another similarity, namely that they are transferable and can be licensed. The focus of this research is only to compare the application of patent law and not to examine its strengths and weaknesses, so it is considered important to do further research on this matter.
THE IMAGE OF THE PANDEMIC: DISCUSSION AMONG ORTHODOX CLERICS (ROC MP) ON THE PANDEMIC
Authors:   ALEXANDRA O. BLINKOVA  Herzen State Pedagogical University, BLINKOVA ALEXANDRA O. , SHURUKHT SAMUIL M. ,   SAMUIL M. SHURUKHT  Herzen State Pedagogical University
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes views among clerics of the ROC (MP) on coronavirus and its spread broadcasted in Telegram channels from March 1 to June 30, 2020, during the first wave of the Coronavirus in Russia. Psycholinguistic and content analysis of 166 posts devoted to one or another aspect of the pandemic in the agenda of six analyzed popular Telegram channels allows to define the main themes that to varying degrees reflect the existing opinions in church on the origins of COVID-19, the risks of being infected, as well as the restrictions introduced by governmental and medical authorities to prevent the disease from spreading. The results obtained from two different kinds of analysis reveal the problematic situation among official church representatives towards the pandemic. Due to the lack of a clear position of the hierarchy they act in accordance with their personal reasons and understandings which often may cause real harm to the audience relying on clerics’ opinions. What is interesting, such views encompass both the sentiments of COVID-dissidents denying the very existence of the virus and its risks that leads to their disregard of safety precautions as well as the views of ‘undecided’ who prefer to confine themselves to cautionary statements without taking any additional actions.
The Role of Regenerative Medicine in Wound Healing in Cases of Vesicovaginal Fistulae
Authors: Kurniawati Eighty Mardiyan , Rahmawati Nur Anisah
Published: August 2021

Background: Post-surgical wound healing in cases of vesicovaginal fistulae is a challenge because it is related to infection prevention and the long-term well-being of women.

Aim: The aim of this research was to critically review the application of regenerative medicine in wound healing. The next aim was to look in depth to see whether regenerative medicine strategies have a place in the future of wound healing in a clinical setting. More specifically, to see if these strategies would apply for vesico vaginal fistulae case in the field of urogynecology.

Method: A narrative literature review examines several previous research published at the last 5 years, containing keywords, namely vesicovaginal fistulae, regenerative medicine, wound healing. We used databases from Google Scholar, PubMed and Scopus Database.

Results: A vesicovaginal fistula is an abnormal communication between the bladder and the vagina. There are currently no precise guidelines for the postoperative management of patients after fistula repair. Transvaginal surgical procedures are a common solution for vesicovaginal fistulas. In wound healing, more attention is needed because of the risk of infection especially wound healing in the area of ​​​​the reproductive organs. It should also be noted that stress urinary incontinence is a common complication. Several studies have initiated the trial process of regenerative medicine for using in urogynecological cases.

Conclusion: In the management of vesico vaginal fistula cases, regenerative medicine can be a solution in postoperative care but still needs further development and standardization.

Keywords: placenta, urogynecology, regenerative medicine
The Challenges of Producing Bilayer Tablet: A Review
Authors: Singh Abhay , Das Sudip , Gupta Sabnam , Ghosh Suman
Published: August 2021

Bilayer tablets are the advanced form of conventional immediate release tablet system, which consist of either two similar or different drugs combined in a single dose for effective treatment of the disease improving patient compliance. However, the multilayer tablet technology is demanding It also necessitates meticulous selection of excipients and manufacturing conditions for each technological stage. The aim of this review is to provide an outline of state of art of bilayer tablet technology and emphasise the difficulties experienced during Bilayer tablet manufacturing along with its  intend solutions for these challenges.

Keyword: Bilayer tablet, Conventional release, Challenges encountered, Compliance.
A Brief Review on Bucco-adhesive Drug Delivery System
Authors: Gupta Sabnam , Das Sudip , Singh Abhay , Ghosh Suman
Published: August 2021

The buccal region within the mucosal cavity of the mouth provides an alternative route over an oral drug administration for systemic as well as local drug delivery. As the buccal mucosa has an abundant blood supply and is relatively permeable, it can be considered as most accessible and desired location for both local and systemic drug delivery. The buccal method for medication delivery greatly helps in avoiding issues in the gastrointestinal environment, such as increased first-pass metabolism and medication degradation. Bucco-adhesive systems offer varieties of advantages such as convenience in administration and termination of therapy in case of emergency, higher patient compliance, better bioavailability, rapid absorption, etc. This current review highlights the bucco-adhesive drug delivery system, its advantages and limitations, mechanisms and theories of mucoadhesion, different bucco-adhesive dosage forms, and bioadhesive polymers. It also highlights the current status on mucoadhesive drug delivery methods for the buccal cavity or bucco-adhesive systems.

Keywords: Bioadhesion, mucoadhesion, bucco-adhesive drug delivery system, oral mucosa, first-pass metabolism, bioadhesive polymers.
Recent insights into Early Onset Dementia (EOD): A Review
Authors: Bondyopadhyay Jyotirmoy , BHATTACHARYA INDRAJIT , Chakraverty Raja
Published: August 2021

The present study aims to review the prevalence and etiology of Early Onset Dementia (EOD) reflected in the population based studies worldwide .For this purpose, Bibliographic database searches and rigorous literature review were performed using the following keywords namely: “Dementia”, “Early onset dementia”, “Alzheimer’s disease” and “Senile Dementia” from the following databases: Pubmed, Medline between the years 2005 to 2019. The summary of report findings suggest that the prevalence of early onset dementia is reported to occur in 3-5% of the Indian population among predisposed individuals. This is an attempt to accumulate and collate in one spot all sort of multifactorial associations behind the pathogenesis of EOD in youth. These causes are Genetic change, Brain comorbidities, Alzheimer's ailment, vascular complications and increasingly other neuropsychiatric complications. We have made an attempt to analyze the pathogenesis of the early onset dementia in relation to their outcomes and a few manifestations which demonstrate the same. Future large-scale systematic reviews and network meta-analysis in this domain would facilitate dissemination of credible information with regards to the causative mechanism and possible therapeutic interventions and viable alternatives to possibly tackle and mitigate EOD.

Keywords:  Dementia, Early onset dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, Genetic alterations.
Law is an integral element of culture: to the 85th anniversary of RUDN professor Gennady Illarionovich Muromtsev
Authors: Kornev Arkadiy V.
Published: August 2021

Dedicated to 85th anniversary of the Doctor of Legal Sciences, Professor of the Theory of Law and State Department, Dead of the Scientific Direction Social and Cultural Investigations of Law Gennadiy Illarionovisch Muromtsev. The scientists contribution to legal science has been analyzed. The focus is on his investigations in the sphere of legal and political systems of the developing countries, general theory of law, and comparative law. G. I. Muromtsev looks at the specifics of legal systems of the developing countries in combination with different elements of legal cultures within the national legal systems; this makes their structure, the system of sources of law, the technique of its systematization and so on significantly inconsistent. Professor G. I. Muromtsev for the first time in the theory of law of this country revealed the specifics of the traditional law and law-governed nature of its origin. Also for the first time ever, he gives the universal definition to the notion source of law, which is acceptable not only to European but also to traditional law. He investigates law as an integral part of culture; through this prism he examines contemporary Russian law. He gives original interpretation to legal technique, the code of laws in reference to Russian conditions. He has developed fundamentaly new conceptions of genesis of the law, mononorm, historical typology of the law; for the first time from materialistic standpoint he revealed the law-governed nature of the origin, structure, and evolution of Muslim law.
Analisis Model Matematika Penyebaran Penyakit Kolera Dengan Mempertimbangkan Masa Inkubasi
Authors: Nuha A R , Resmawan
Published: August 2021

Cholera is a type of diarrheal disease caused by the presence of Vibrio cholerae in the patient's intestine. Bacteria V. cholerae has the ability to survive in water so that it will easily transmit disease to humans. This study discusses the dynamics of the spread of cholera caused by V. cholerae bacteria. The incubation period in the disease transmission system is a factor that considered in a compiled mathematical model. Besides giving the vaccine is considered a powerful way to reduce the rate of transmission. This study aims to modify the mathematical model of the spread of cholera, carry out the analysis of the stability of the modified model, and carry out numerical simulations. The modified model will be determined by its equilibrium and then stability analysis will be carried out at the equilibrium by considering the basic reproduction number (R0). Modification of the model with consideration of the incubation period produces a mathematical model of the spread of cholera type SVEIR-B. The stability of a fixed point is influenced by R0. The condition value R0 < 1 resulting in a disease-free equilibrium that is asymptotically stable, whereas the condition R0 > 1 results in an endemic equilibrium being asymptotically stable. Numerical simulations show an increase in the rate of vaccine delivery can decrease the value while increasing the rate of vaccine shrinkage and the incubation rate of each can increase the value.
Analisis Kestabilan Model Penyebaran Penyakit Tungro Pada Tanaman Padi Melalui Vektor Wereng Hijau (Nephotetix Virescens)
Authors: Landita A , Ratianingsih R , Nacong N
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT

Tungro is a disease of rice plant  (Oryza sativa) caused by tungro rice plant virus called Rice Tungro Baciliform Virus (RTBV) and Rice Tungro Spherical Virus (RTSV). Those viruses are transmitted by green planthopper vector (Nephotettix virescens). Rice tungro virus, that  attack at vegetative phase, could make the rice plant tiny. This research governs a tungro transmission model that consider the rate of growth, natural mortality and virus infection as parameters. The interaction between green planthopper vector and spider as the predator of it is also considered. The other one is the probability of successes contacts between the green planthopper vectors with the susceptible rice population and tungro infected rice. The model, that modified from Susceptible-Infected model,  has two critical endemic points of,  and    The stability of both points are analyzed using linearity and Routh hurwitz criteria. To reach their stability, the first critical point requires the values of natural death of green planthopper vector that must bigger than natural death of rice plant and the second critical point requires the natural growth rate of the spider predator must smaller than its natural death.

Keywords      :  Analysis of Stability, Routh-Hurwitz Criteria, Tungro
Kendali Optimal Pada Model Penyebaran Penyakit Difteri dengan Tingkat Imunitas Alami Pada Individu Terpapar
Authors: Izzati N , Andriani A
Published: August 2021

Indonesia is one of the countries where has not been free from diphtheria outbreak. During 2017-2019, there were 2870 diphtheria cases with 96 deaths. With the mortality rate 5-20%, makes studies regarding diphtheria prevention and management strategies become important to do. In this study, a SEIQR mathematical model was constructed by considering the factor of natural immunity rate in exposed individuals. Then, by considering the complete basic immunization coverage and the proportion of the number of individuals with natural immunity rate as control variables, the optimal control problem is formulated to minimize the number of infected poopulation. Optimal control using DOTcvpSB toolbox obtained that the number of exposed population in the model decreased from 4.9% to 0.75%, and the number of infected population decreased from 3.1% to 0.32%.
Modifikasi Metode Householder Tiga Parameter yang Bebas Turunan Kedua dengan Orde Konvergensi Optimal
Authors: Wartono  , Zulianti M , Rahmawati
Published: August 2021

The Householder’s method is one of the iterative methods with a third-order convergence that used to solve a nonlinear equation. In this paper, the authors modified the iterative method using the expansion of second order Taylor’s series and approximated its second derivative using equality of two the third-order iterative methods. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the new iterative method has a fourth-order of convergence and requires three evaluations of function with an efficiency index of 1,587401. Numerical simulation is given by using several functions to compare the performance between the new method with other iterative methods. The results of numerical simulation show that the performance of the new method is better than other iterative methods.
Pelabelan Selimut Bintang Ajaib Super Pada Graf Bintang
Authors: Mattiro N , Sudarsana I W
Published: August 2021

Let  be a simple graph. An edge covering of  is a family of subgraphs  such that each edge of graph  belongs to at least one of the ,  subgraphs. If each  is isomorphic with the given graph , then it is said that contains a  covering. The graph G contains a covering  and   the bijectif function  is said an the magic labeling of a graph G if for each subgraph  of  is isomorphic to , so that is a constant. It is said that the graph G has a super magic if  in this case, the graph G which can be labeled with  magic is called the covering graph  magic. A star graph with n points is a graph with  points and  sides, where point is  degree and the other  point has degree  denoted by . This study aims to determine the presence of covering labeling for the super-magic star on the  star graph. The research methodology is literature study. The results show that the  star graph for   has   magic covering labeling with magic constants for all covering is  and the super-magic covering labeling with magic constants for all covering is .
Model Transportasi dalam Meminimumkan Biaya Distribusi Beras Kemasan
Authors: Adoe V S
Published: August 2021

Rice is a strategic commodity that a very important role as the main staple food for the majority of people in Indonesia. Rice has its own distribution development pattern that provides added value to business actors. "CV. Hidup Baru Jaya" is a company in Kupang City that is engaged in distributing packaged rice from storage warehouses to several storage warehouses in other areas. In distributing the rice, the company tries to reduce or minimize the distribution costs incurred in order to obtain optimal profit. Mathematically, the transportation model is one solution that can be used to solve this rice distribution problem. By using POM-QM V4 as the optimal solution tool, it was found that the company could distribute 125 sacks of Raja Kupang rice to the Malaka Warehouse; 150 sacks of rice to Rote Warehouse, 75 sacks to Malaka Warehouse and 200 sacks to Atambua Warehouse for Stroberry rice; Nona Timor rice was 200 sacks to Semau Warehouse, 50 sacks to Rote Warehouse and 200 sacks to Sulamu Warehouse. Thus, the company profits Rp. 20,000,000, -.
Pengukuran Conditional Value At Risk (CVAR) Pada Aset Tunggal dengan Metode Simulasi Monte Carlo
Authors: Ondja T N , Musdalifah S , Lusiyanti D , Andri
Published: August 2021

Conditional value at risk (CVaR) merupakan suatu ukuran risiko yang memperhitungkan kerugian melebihi tingkat Value at risk (VaR). Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan hasil pengukuran Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) pada aset tunggal dengan menggunakan metode simulasi Monte Carlo. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah harga penutupan saham harian PT. Bank Central Asia Tbk (BBCA.JK) dengan tingkat kepercayaan . Dari hasil perhitungan CVaR pada tingkat kepercayaan 99%, menghasilkan nilai CVaR sebesar . Hal ini dapat diartikan bahwa ada keyakinan sebesar  kerugian yang mungkin akan diderita investor tidak akan melebihi  dalam jangka waktu satu hari setelah tanggal 30 September 2020, atau dengan kata lain ada kemungkinan sebesar  bahwa kerugian investasi pada periode tersebut sebesar  atau lebih dalam jangka waktu satu hari dengan dana awal yang diinvestasikan sebesar Rp
Corporate governance and financial performance of listed companies: A case of an emerging market
Authors: Asamoah Emmanuel Selase , Puni Albert
Published: August 2021

Corporate financial performance (CFP) is a key benefit that comes with the adoption and implementation of a good corporate governance structure in organizations. The objective of this paper is to analyze the effect of the six (6) broad corporate governance structures (board composition, board committees, separation of CEO/chairman, size of board, number of board meetings held, and shareholder concentration) on CFP measured by ROA, ROE, EPS, and Tobin’s Q among Ghanaian companies. The target population for the study was the companies that were listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange (GSE) for the period 2015–2020 and purposive sampling methods were deployed in the sample selection. The study found that using ROA as a performance indicator, corporate governance variables affected CFP by 18.95% whilst it influenced ROE by 29.71%. Additionally, corporate governance mechanisms impacted EPS by 52.53% when it was used as a performance indicator and 18.01% when Tobin’s Q was the performance index. The paper concludes that companies that implement the corporate governance guidelines on best practices stand a better chance of enhancing CFP especially with performance targets that integrate shareholder value maximization
Association of placental pathology and postpartum cardiovascular risk screening following preeclampsia: an observational cohort study
Authors: Benton Samantha , Mery Erika , Grynspan David , Gaudet Laura , Smith Graeme , Bainbridge Shannon
Published: August 2021

Objective: To determine the association between placental lesions and
lifetime cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk screening at 6 months
postpartum following preeclampsia (PE). Design: Observational cohort
study. Setting: Tertiary care centres in Ottawa and Kingston, Ontario,
Canada. Population: Women diagnosed with PE who received cardiovascular
screening at 6 months postpartum. Methods: Placentas from women
diagnosed with PE were evaluated for histopathological lesions according
to a standardised synoptic data collection form with blinding to
clinical outcomes apart from gestational age at delivery. At 6 months
postpartum, each participant was screened for cardiovascular risk
factors and a lifetime cardiovascular risk score was calculated. A risk
score >35% was deemed high risk for lifetime CVD. Main
Outcome Measures: The association between placental lesions and lifetime
CVD risk was assessed using odds ratios (OR, 95% confidence intervals).
Results: Of the 85 participants, 53 (62.4%) screened high-risk for
lifetime CVD. High-risk women had more severe lesions of maternal
vascular malperfusion (MVM). MVM lesions with a severity score
>2 resulted in a 3-fold increased risk of screening high
risk for lifetime CVD (OR 3.10 [1.20-7.92]). MVM lesion score
>2 was moderately predictive of high-risk screening (AUC
0.63 [0.51,0.75]; sensitivity: 71.8% [54.6,84.4]; specificity:
54.7% [41.5,67.3]). When clinical data was added, the model’s
predictive performance improved (AUC 0.73 [0.62,0.84] sensitivity
78.4% [65.4,87.5]; specificity 51.6% [34.8,68.0]).
Conclusions: PE women with MVM are more likely to screen high-risk for
lifetime CVD compared to women without these lesions. Placenta pathology
may provide a unique modality to identify women for postpartum
cardiovascular screening.
Glacial morphology of the Sara Mountains
Authors: Menkovic Ljubomir , Milivojevic Milovan
Published: August 2021

The paper defines and presents the forms of glacial relief formed, most
likely, during the last Pleistocene glacial maximum (LGM). A graphic and
textual presentation of almost all glacial forms is given on the entire
territory of the Sara Mountains, on both sides of their main ridge, from
Ljuboten in the NE to the source tributaries of the Radika River in the SW.
Based on the height position and spatial development of glacial forms, the
height of the snow line (ELA) was determined, glacier types were determined
and defined, which is shown on two overview maps representing Pleistocene
glacial morphology and reconstructed Pleistocene glaciers referring to the
last Pleistocene glacial (MIS-2). Since these are the youngest glacial
morphological traces on the Sara Mountains, they are the best preserved
today.
Spatial configuration of traditional houses and apartment unit plans in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: A comparative study
Authors: Pham Phi , Pham Ngoc , Oh Se
Published: August 2021

The study aims to investigate the effects of the spatial configuration of
traditional Vietnamese houses on the design of apartment buildings in Ho Chi
Minh (HCM) City, Vietnam. To achieve the objective, the following approaches
were implemented. Firstly, the transformation of the socio-economic
structure in HCM City, which is a primary factor affecting the development
of apartment buildings was examined. Secondly, the well-known space syntax
method for analyzing the spatial structure plan was outlined. Thirdly, a
survey of traditional houses and apartment buildings from 1960 to 2010 was
conducted. Among the various traditional house styles, the Hue traditional
garden house, which has primary effects on the modern housing design in HCM
City, was selected as a representative sample to compare with apartment
units. Lastly, the space syntax method was employed to analyze the spatial
structure of the sample of traditional houses and apartment units. The
effects of the Hue traditional house?s spatial configuration on apartment
buildings were analyzed. The result shows that the spatial configuration of
modern apartment buildings and traditional houses have similar
characteristics, including having an adaptable natural environment, and they
both reflect Vietnamese culture and society. The findings can be applied
when predicting development trends for the unit plans of modern apartments
in HCM City, Vietnam.
Urban transport in world metropolises: A comparative analysis and key features of energy consumption
Authors: Vracarevic Bojan
Published: August 2021

Most theoretical and empirical research on the subject of urban transport
energy consumption has addressed the role of urban form and urban spatial
structure (primarily population density and degree of centralisation), city
size (population and/or area), the level of economic development, transport
patterns, and transportation infrastructure. Our analysis encompasses a wide
range of socio-economic, spatial, transport and infrastructure indicators, as
well as energy efficiency and energy consumption indicators in a sample of 35
world cities, covering the period from 1960 to 2005. Comparative analysis
indicates there are significant differences regarding the determinants of
urban transport energy consumption, especially between the US and Australian
automobile-dependent cities, on the one hand, and the wealthy Asian
metropolises, on the other. Despite some recent positive trends (a decline in
automobile vehiclekilometres and reduction in urban transport energy
consumption), a large number of cities in the developed world still rely
predominantly on cars, while sustainable modes of urban transport play an
almost negligible role. Due to trends of urbanization, demographic growth and
a rise in living standards, the main focus of attention has shifted to
metropolises in developing countries. In the long run, the urban form itself
is particularly significant, not only because it critically influences
transport demand, but also because of its inertness.
Impact of overtourism on urban life
Authors: Hristov Maja , Danilovic-Hristic Natasa , Stefanovic Nebojsa
Published: August 2021

The unrestrained and constant inflow of tourists to some cities can provoke
the discomfort of residents. The term ?overtourism? describes a condition in
which the limits are exceeded to the point that regular everyday urban life
suffers. The quantity of visitors and resulting crowds create burdens on the
functioning of some city services, and they simultaneously result in a
deterioration in the quality of sightseeing. This paper gives a review of
the academic literature concerning this issue, especially studies
concentrating on cruising and alternative short-term renting. Major
complaints raised by locals on the negative impact of tourism are not only
about overcrowding, but also include the serious social and economic
questions of the endangerment of rights. In order to regulate and mitigate
conflicts, preserve identity and allow decent urban life in all its aspects,
city governments are forced to introduce some limitations and rules in the
sphere of tourism, and also with regard to the real-estate market and urban
planning. The level of measures and policies required depend on the type of
problem, size of the city and dispersion of the attractions.
Legal Expertise and the Role of Litigation Risk in Firms' Conservatism Choices
Authors: Black Jonathan , Ham Charles G. , Kimbrough Michael D. , Yee Ha Yoon
Published: August 2021

Firms face a greater risk of lawsuits for overstated rather than understated earnings or net assets, suggesting conservatism can reduce firms' expected legal costs. Because managers with legal expertise are more likely than other managers to recognize the legal benefits of conservatism, this study examines whether legal expertise among members of senior management promotes greater conservatism. Consistent with this prediction, we find that firms with a general counsel (GC) in senior management (our proxy for legal expertise) report more conservatively. We also find that GC firms recalibrate their conservatism levels in response to changes in the legal environment—their conservatism choices are more responsive to litigation against peer firms and to two judicial rulings that affected the litigation risk for firms located in the Ninth Circuit. Overall, our findings suggest that populating senior management with legal experts affects the extent to which a firm's level of conservatism incorporates legal risks.

Data Availability: Data are available from public sources identified in the text.

JEL Classifications: K40; M41.
Management Going Concern Disclosure, Mitigation Plan, and Failure Prediction—Implications from ASU 2014-15
Authors: Wang Jingjing
Published: August 2021

The going concern (GC) assumption forms the basis for preparing financial statements unless liquidation becomes imminent. ASU 2014-15 requires management to evaluate GC uncertainties quarterly and provide disclosures in the notes. I compare management GC disclosures between the pre-standard and post-standard regimes. I find that the market reacts negatively to substantial doubt in GC only after ASU 2014-15. Next, I find the effect of ASU 2014-15 for quarterly reports, but not annual reports. More importantly, by employing detailed textual analysis to extract and categorize mitigation-plan discussions, I show that certain types of management mitigation plans are interpreted more positively by investors after ASU 2014-15, thereby alleviating the negative market reaction. These plans include issuing debt, debt restructuring, increasing revenue, and selling assets. Finally, I demonstrate that management GC conclusions are more indicative of corporate failures after ASU 2014-15 and that mitigation-plan discussions are associated with firms' future viability.
Cavβ3 Regulates Ca2+ Signaling and Insulin Expression in Pancreatic β-Cells in a Cell-Autonomous Manner
Authors: Becker Alexander , Wardas Barbara , Salah Houssein , Amini Maryam , Fecher-Trost Claudia , Sen Qiao , Martus Damian , Beck Andreas , Philipp Stephan E. , Flockerzi Veit , Belkacemi Anouar
Published: August 2021

Voltage-gated Ca2+ (Cav) channels consist of a pore-forming Cavα1 subunit and auxiliary Cavα2-δ and Cavβ subunits. In fibroblasts, Cavβ3, independent of its role as a Cav subunit, reduces the sensitivity to low concentrations of inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). Similarly, Cavβ3 could affect cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]) in pancreatic β-cells. In this study, we deleted the Cavβ3-encoding gene Cacnb3 in insulin-secreting rat β-(Ins-1) cells using CRISPR/Cas9. These cells were used as controls to investigate the role of Cavβ3 on Ca2+ signaling, glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS), Cav channel activity, and gene expression in wild-type cells in which Cavβ3 and the IP3 receptor were coimmunoprecipitated. Transcript and protein profiling revealed significantly increased levels of insulin transcription factor Mafa, CaMKIV, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-1, and nitric oxide synthase-1 in Cavβ3-knockout cells. In the absence of Cavβ3, Cav currents were not altered. In contrast, CREB activity, the amount of MAFA protein and GIIS, the extent of IP3-dependent Ca2+ release and the frequency of Ca2+ oscillations were increased. These processes were decreased by the Cavβ3 protein in a concentration-dependent manner. Our study shows that Cavβ3 interacts with the IP3 receptor in isolated β-cells, controls IP3-dependent Ca2+-signaling independently of Cav channel functions, and thereby regulates insulin expression and its glucose-dependent release in a cell-autonomous manner.
Mineralocorticoid receptor pathway and its antagonism in a model of diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Zhao Min , Gelize Emmanuelle , Levy Rinath , Moulin Alexandre , Azan Frédéric , Berdugo Marianne , Naud Marie-Christine , Guegan Justine , Delaunay Kimberley , Pussard Eric , Lassiaz Patricia , Bravo-Osuna Irene , Herrero-Vanrell Rocio , Behar-Cohen Francine
Published: August 2021

Diabetic retinopathy remains a major cause of vision
loss worldwide. Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) pathway activation contributes
to diabetic nephropathy but its role in retinopathy is unknown. In this study, we show that MR is
overexpressed in the retina of type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats and
humans and, that cortisol is the MR ligand in human eyes. Lipocalin 2 and galectin 3, two biomarkers of
diabetic complications regulated by MR are increased in GK and human retina. The
sustained intraocular delivery of spironolactone, a steroidal mineralocorticoid
antagonist, decreased the early and late pathogenic features of retinopathy in
GK rats, such as retinal inflammation, vascular leakage and retinal edema
through the up-regulation of genes encoding proteins known to intervene in
vascular permeability such as Hey1, Vldlr, Pten, Slc7a1, Tjp1, Dlg1 and Sesn2 but did not
decrease VEGF. Spironolactone also
normalized the distribution of ion and water channels in macroglial cells. These
results indicate that MR is activated in GK and human diabetic retina and that
local MR antagonism could be a novel therapeutic option for diabetic
retinopathy.
Cavβ3 regulates Ca2+-signalling and insulin expression in pancreatic β-cells in a cell-autonomous manner
Authors: Becker Alexander , Wardas Barbara , Salah Houssein , Amini Maryam , Fecher‐Trost Claudia , Sen Qiao , Martus Damian , Beck Andreas , Philipp Stephan E. , Flockerzi Veit , Belkacemi Anouar
Published: August 2021

Voltage-gated
Ca2+ (Cav) channels consist of a pore-forming Cavα1 subunit and
auxiliary Cavα2-δ and Cavβ subunits. In fibroblasts, Cavβ3, independent of its
role as a Cav subunit, reduces the sensitivity to low concentrations of
inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). Similarly, Cavβ3 could affect cytosolic [Ca2+]
in pancreatic β-cells. Here, we deleted the Cavβ3-encoding gene Cacnb3
in insulin-secreting rat β-(Ins-1) cells using CRISPR/Cas9. These cells were
used as controls to investigate the role of Cavβ3 on Ca2+-signalling,
glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS), Cav-channel activity and gene
expression in wild-type cells in which Cavβ3 and the IP3-receptor were
co-immunoprecipitated. Transcript and protein profiling revealed significantly
increased levels of insulin transcription factor Mafa, CaMKIV, neuroendocrine
convertase1 (Pcsk1) and nitric oxide synthase-1 (NOS-1) in Cavβ3-KO cells. In
the absence of Cavβ3, Cav-currents were not altered. In contrast, CREB
activity, the amount of MAFA protein and GIIS, the extent of IP3-dependent Ca2+
release and the frequency of Ca2+-oscillations were increased. These
processes were decreased by the Cavβ3 protein in a concentration-dependent
manner. Our study shows that Cavβ3 interacts with the IP3-receptor in isolated
β-cells, controls IP3-dependent Ca2+-signalling independently of Cav
channel functions, and thereby regulates insulin expression and its
glucose-dependent release in a cell-autonomous manner.
DIRECTION OF THE CASE ON JURISDICTION: PROBLEMS OF LEGAL REGULATION AND FEATURES OF PROCEDURAL REGISTRATION
Authors: VORONIN D.Yu.
Published: August 2021

The paper presents a research of the new legal regulation for such an institute in relation to a regional and equal court, as the referral of a case received in accordance with part 4 of Article 39 of the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation to a court of general jurisdiction, which is in jurisdiction to hear a case as it is assigned by law. The absence of procedural legal regulation of this action, which is, in author’s opinion, has an obvious procedural nature, and researched practice general jurisdiction courts demonstrate the uncertainty in implementation of the considered reform. The author analyzes the new procedural institution on the basis of his own vision of a number of procedural norms, as well as scholar works and historical experience. In particular, the author reasoning that the courts are to issue special rulings on the referral of cases received from arbitration to the courts of general jurisdiction. Moreover, the author considers the mechanism for adopting such a judicial act. The article presents a wide range of practical examples of the implementation of considered provision, as well as the difference in the approaches of the appellate courts to assess these implementation practice. In conclusion, the article presents the proposals for further improvement of the regulation of considered issue. Most likely such an improvement will be impossible without the universal approach established by the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. Such improvements should result in uniform judicial practice, as well as further developments of procedural legislation.
REVIEW OF THE MONOGRAPH “CONVERGENCE (HARMONIZATION) OF CIVIL PROCEDURAL LAW WITHIN THE EU AND THE POST-SOVIET SPACE (COMPARATIVE LEGAL ASPECT)” BY K.L. BRANOVITSKY
Authors: DEGTYAREV S.L.
Published: August 2021

The review is devoted to the work, which, perhaps, for the first time so systematically and thoroughly analyzes the phenomenon of convergence of legal systems in the process of globalization and modern integration formations, its impact on the development of procedural institutions of the Russian process, prospects, advantages and obstacles, possible tools of implementation and use from the perspective of civil procedure law in its broadest sense. Separately stands the author’s thesis on the procedural institutions, which could act as an object of convergence. By analogy with the EU countries, the author refers and investigates in detail the “international competence” through the legal regime of international competence in the existing multilateral agreements and some aspects of the legal regime of international competence in the national legal orders of the EAEU members. In conclusion, it is concluded that comprehensive and systemic knowledge of the mechanism and tools of such an important and objective legal phenomenon as the convergence (harmonization) of civil procedural law in any state, is an element of the basic part both in scientific and practical activities of lawyers.
Penerapan Panel Surya untuk Penerangan Kapal Kelompok Nelayan Pantai Jaya, Padang
Authors: Habibullah Habibullah , Hidayat Rahmat , Anugrah Pinto
Published: August 2021

Pasie Nan Tigo Urban Village has 20 Fishermen Groups, one of which is active is the Pantai Jaya Fishermen Group. Based on the facts and discussions with the Pantai Jaya Fishermen group it was found that the most important problem was the high operational costs required when going to sea, while the fish catches obtained were uncertain and the lack of technological touch in the fishing process. To go to sea, fishermen with Tondo Ships must prepare a minimum fund of 1.35 million rupiah, of which around 50% is used to buy fuel oil (BBM). The solution offered to solve the problem is the utilization of environmentally friendly solar energy through the solar panel technology of ship lighting systems. It is expected that from this activity can be obtained by fishing boats powered by environmentally friendly solar energy that is more economical and profitable. The use of solar panels for ship lighting systems will replace the use of generator engines which so far need fuel.
Rancangan Sistem Mounting Device Berbasis PLC Menggunakan HMI
Authors: Ardiansyah Tito Ardi , Risfendra Risfendra
Published: August 2021

Pada umumnya perkembangan teknologi modern dan otomatisasi didunia industri saat ini banyak membuat pekerjaan menjadi lebih mudah. Banyak industri yang mulai meninggalkan sistem manual dan sudah beralih ke sistem otomasi dan teknologi yang lebih modern. Masalah lain yang timbul dari sistem manual adalah industri yang masih menggunakan sistem manual. Maka industri sekarang dituntut untuk menghasilkan produk secara cepat agar dapat memenuhi permintaan konsumen, dengan kualitas dan proses industri sesuai standard perusahaan dan mencapai target yang lebih maksimal. Alternatif yang dapat dilakukan melihat masalah yang masih banyak di industri saat ini, yaitu dengan dibangunnya proses produksi yang menggunakan sistem otomatis. Dari tuntutan industri seperti ini maka dikembangkan suatu sistem kontrol otomasi modern menggunakan PLC. Dimana saat sekarang ini PLC sangat banyak dijadikan sebagai kontrol otomasi utama dalam sebuah industri. Selain itu juga menggandengkan PLC dengan HMI. Salah satu fungsi utama HMI untuk menghubungkan manusia dengan teknologi dan meningkatkan  interaksi antara mesin dengan operator melalui tampilan layar. HMI sendiri berfungsi untuk menampilkan kesalahan mesin, proses sistem, status sistem yang sedang berjalan dan melakukan maintenance terhadap kinerja mesin. Untuk mengantisipasi semua itu, sistem mounting device ini didesain  menggunakan PLC sebagai kontrol dan menggunakan HMI untuk memonitoring keadaan alat yang dikontrol semua oleh PLC SIEMENS Type S7 300 dan ditampilkan di HMI menggunakan software TIA Portal versi 13. Dengan adanya alat ini, setidaknya dapat meningkatkan penguasaan dan kemampuan menggunakan PLC sebagai sistem kontrol dan mampu menggunakan HMI sebagai monitoring alat. Juga dapat menguasai program dengan menggunakan Software TIA Portal v 13.