bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construction and Decorative Style of Monument Architecture in Huizhou
Authors: Xie Tao , Liu Chao Ying
Published: September 2014

Monument Architecture is the cultural representation of Huizhou architecture. It is famous for the numerous number and decorative beauty. The characteristics of Monument Architecture decoration are: the location of architectural component determines its distribution; the type of the monument architecture determines the decorative style. It is the specific history and culture of Huizhou that determines such characteristics.
Discussion on the Regional Cultural Creation in Modern Chinese Architecture
Authors: Yin Zhang , Yuan Hong Yu
Published: September 2014

In this article, through the analysis on the dilemma, the development and the outstanding cases regarding the regional cultural creation in the modern Chinese architecture, we shall make a conclusion on the ideas about the regional architectural creation characterized by a typical architect. And then through the proper interpretation, we shall provide theoretical support for the further development of the regional architectural creation with Chinese characteristics to explore the methods of architectural creation with Chinese characteristics.
Form Follows Concept - Expression of Concept in a Conceptual Planning
Authors: Liu Cheng , Wu Yi Fei
Published: September 2014

While “Form follows function” is a familiar tenet of 20th century architecture, originally expressed by the Bauhaus School of Design and popularized in America by Frank Lloyd Wright, today’s architectural form usually starts from pursuit of design concepts, a process of an intuitive understanding of design problems solving. The process of making concepts is often associated with the starting point of a long journey, where designers keep improving on and adding details on the concepts until concepts evolve to be innovative and operable. In a conceptual planning with a specific context, the form of the whole design, including layout, architecture and landscape, comes into being naturally according to the expression of concept.
Mukeden: Log Houses of Ethnic Russians in Hulunbuir
Authors: Li Wei , Jia Xiao Hu
Published: September 2014

The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region boards many other regions, and was influenced by various regional cultures of Shaanxi, Shanxi (two nearby provinces of names sounding very similar), Tianjin and Beijing, and the Northeast Provinces accordingly. This research will discuss the history of Mukeden, or log house building by ethnic Russians of Hulunbuiur Municipality in northeast part of Inner Mongolia, and the impacts of modern city building on the log house tradition, to offer some insights on Russian culture in China and preservation of cultural heritage in rapid modernization.
The Mean Thought of Chinese Traditional Architecture
Authors: Tan Fu Wei
Published: September 2014

The building is the external form of ideology and culture. The doctrine of the mean thought as the highest value standard of Confucian culture in traditional architecture reflected is inevitable. through the analysis of the traditional architecture in the doctrine of the mean, The author discuss the functions of the mean thought in the layout designing Chinese traditional building, space form and value judgment . Through the study on the relationship between traditional culture and architecture, it can provide a new perspective for creation.
The Research of Interaction Design Concept in Architectural Design
Authors: Fan Li Ya , Wang Xue Qiang
Published: September 2014

Based on the knowledge and understanding of interaction design, we Trigger the architectural design concept. The target is introducing the concept of interaction design to architectural design. Using the interaction design methods and ways of thinking, expanding architectural design ideas, improving the design approach and further explore the interaction design about the people and buildings, as well as the object and buildings.
Traditional Culture Expression and Innovation of Contemporary Architecture
Authors: Liu Han Fang , Jin Xue Mei , Fu Jia
Published: September 2014

This paper analyzes the factors influencing the contemporary architectural innovation. It puts forward that the model of standardization and mass production contribute to similar “international” architectural form, which results in the disappearing of the “national character” and“regional character” of Chinese architecture. However, simplified traditional expressions make contemporary architectural innovation too superficial, leading to a “trap” of imitation. It also pointes out that the combination of the methods of symbol and metaphor , technology and materials of modern architecture, a further exploration of traditional culture symbols, cultural energy stimulating is the power source of contemporary architectural innovation, and make a argumentation through success and failure cases.
Space Design in Starbucks from the Perspective of Behavioral Psychology
Authors: Wu Chang You , Liu Yi
Published: September 2014

Experience economy is heading towards the market. Such mode of operation on the basis of experience for the design, production, processing, services, and education is gradually being accepted by the market and brand experiential marketing will be accepted by the majority of consumers. On the one hand, experiential economy will provide a comfortably material consumption space for consumers; on the other hand, it also provides the consumer space of psychological experience for consumers. This type of commercial experiential space will become increasingly concerned by operators and consumers. In this paper, we take the needs, motivations, interests, using experiential marketing at Starbucks as an example, to explore the design space from the perspective of behavioral psychology, including the elaboration of relevant theories and explaining how to use the space designed specifically to improve marketing performance.
Research on Grading Standard of the Project Quality Management System under Comprehensive Evaluation Method
Authors: Ke Hong , Yue Lu , Hu Zhi Ping
Published: September 2014

There are two kinds of bid evaluation methods in China, which are the lowest bid price method and the comprehensive evaluation method. They have their own advantages and disadvantages, and they can’t replace each other. Especially, the applicable scope of comprehensive evaluation method is wide. Quantifying the technical bid and commercial bid weighted, calculating for each bid comprehensive evaluating price or comprehensive evaluation points, and then selecting a high comprehensive quality unit. The paper aims at the particularity of comprehensive evaluation method. Then to study the content of the construction quality management system, the indicators and criteria, which guarantees the quality of the project.
Spatial Fine Beam Model Based on Vector Form Intrinsic Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Chen Chong , Yuan Xing Fei , Qian Ruo Jun
Published: September 2014

Different from the Euler beam and Timoshenko beam, the spatial fine beam model considers some effects such as shear displacement, the additional axial displacement produced by lateral bending and the additional transverse displacement induced by reduced stiffness due to transverse shear deformation. In this paper the internal force formula of the spatial fine beam model, applying to Vector Form Intrinsic Finite Element (VFIFE) analysis, are derived and corresponding programs are developed. A spatial cantilever beam and a space frame are analyzed and the load-displacement curves are compared using different beam element models. The results show that when the depth-span ratio is relatively small, the load-displacement curves nearly have no difference. When the depth-span ratio becomes larger, the yield load gotten by the fine beam model is significantly smaller than that obtained by the Euler beam and Timoshenko beam. Therefore, when the deep beam is analyzed, the shear displacement, the additional axial displacement and the additional transverse displacement caused by stiffness reduction can’t be ignored. The spatial fine beam model proposed in this paper has good accuracy in the analysis of deep beam.
Architecture Design Curriculum Reform Practice Triggered by the British Architectural Education and Certification System
Authors: Fan Li Ya , Wang Xue Qiang
Published: September 2014

This paper based on the best architecture universities education concept, through the analysis of the architecture education mode, put forward the current architectural education reform and development directions. From the perspective of curriculum practice, probes into the new mode of curriculum and education, enhance the comprehensive ability and creative thinking of students; Reference to CRIT rating chart patterns, join in the concept of "workshop", Create local and broader academic building information platform, provides the domestic architectural education improvement ideas.
Comparison Analysis of Civil Engineering Undergraduate Curriculum among Universities in China, US and Europe
Authors: Zhou Yun , Zhang Jun Kai , Li Lin Jin , Liao Sha , Fang Zhi
Published: September 2014

University education is a basic stage of engineers’ cultivation. The purpose of this paper is to draw instructive conclusions by analyzing differences between Chinese and foreign universities on civil engineering undergraduate education. Teaching methods were taken into consideration. Statistical data in thirty famous universities in China, US and Europe were collected. After comparing differences of civil engineering curriculums from selected colleges, four aspects were analyzed such as the total number of teaching hours, course structure, general education curriculum and practical teaching. It is obvious that specialized courses are taken seriously in Europe universities while general education lessons are valued in American universities. There are also many differences among universities in three regions when referring to approaches of practical teaching.
Research on Three-Dimensional Teaching Mode in Civil Engineering
Authors: Tang Jian , Wu Lang
Published: September 2014

Designing principles of concrete structure" is a basis course of Civil Engineering major in higher education institutions. The Three-dimensional teaching mode of "Trinity" on the basis of the combination of classroom teaching, learning on initiative through internet and practice has been discussed in the course. It tries to combine these three aspects organically in order to raise students' learning ability on their initiative and improve their accomplishment of major knowledge and ability of practicing, laying a good foundation for the cultivation of prominent talents.
Development and Competitiveness Improvement of the Construction Sector in Montenegro
Authors: Ćetković Jasmina , Knežević Miloš , Žarković Miloš , Murgul Vera , Vatin Nikolai
Published: September 2014

This paper presents the key development measures for boosting economic growth in Montenegro in the future with a focus on the main goals of the construction and housing sector and proposed measures for their implementation - in order to improve the competitiveness of the construction sector.
The Statement of Research Progress in Embedded Steel Plate Shear Wall
Authors: Zhang Hai Xia , Peng Qi , Zhao Li Xuan
Published: September 2014

Shear wall is the main component that resists the lateral force for high-rise buildings. With the rapid development of high-rise buildings, especially the super high-rise buildings, requirements for seismic performance of shear walls have become more sophisticated. This introduction summarizes the commonly used in embedded development and existing problems of steel plate shear wall, which are stiffened steel plate shear wall, non-stiffened steel plate shear wall, composite steel plate shear wall, preventing buckling of steel plate shear wall and low yield point steel plate shear wall.
Study on Application of Membrane Structure in the Sports Building
Authors: Jia Li Xin , Wang De Wei
Published: September 2014

The sport buildings are different from the ordinary civil buildings; they not only have functional requirements, but also have landmark and aesthetic requirements. The sport buildings require large span, sleek, environmental protection, but general structure forms are difficult to meet these requirements, yet the emergence of membrane structure fills in the blank. In this article the classification and characteristics of membrane structure are introduced, the application of membrane structure in sport buildings is researched, and through analyzing the cases, the development of membrane structure in sport buildings is promoted.
A Proposal for the Consolidation of a R.C. Social Housing by Means of External Hybrid Steel-Glass Frameworks
Authors: de Falco Anna , Froli Maurizio , Giresini Linda , Puppio Mario Lucio , Sassu Mauro
Published: September 2014

A proposal for the seismic consolidation of an existing r. c. social housing complex is presented. The intervention is thought to concern just the external facades in order to minimize costs and discomfort of inhabitants. Two external hybrid steel-glass bracing frameworks have been designed, with the aim to reach both seismic and energetic advantages. The mechanics of the framework system takes advantages from the compressive strength of the glass panels and the tension strength of steel braces and columns. A hypothetical application on a typical r. c. building dating back to the ‘60s in the city of Leghorn (Italy) is illustrated.
Comparative Study of Standards EC2 ECP203 and CBA93 for the Design of a Rectangular Section
Authors: Mfinda Diane Amba , Ma Hua , Li Zhen Bao
Published: September 2014

Because of the predominance of construction techniques, a solid knowledge of reinforced concrete principles and rules is necessary and crucial. This study focuses on a comparative studies of different sizing standards, the Euro Code 2,the Egyptian Code 203 and the Algerian Code 93 for a rectangular reinforced concrete section subjected to simple bending in limit states and is well supported on one hand by one of the determining factors in design and on the other hand by the economy and security. The comparison of sizing standards in the limit states will assist the designer in their choice of a suitable design code.
Amelioration of Wolffersdorff Hypoplastic Constitutive Model Considering Intergranular Strain Tensor
Authors: Xiong Bao Lin , Lu Chun Jiao
Published: September 2014

Under cyclic load, the major shortcoming–ratcheting is produced in Wolffersdorff hypoplastic constitutive model. For eliminating ratcheting, Wolffersdorff hypoplastic model is ameliorated based on intergranular strain tensor. The added parameters in ameliorated model are determined by optimization method. Under cyclic load of triaxial consolidation undrained condition, the mechanics features of sand are described by the ameliorated Wolffersdorff hypoplastic constitutive model. Preliminary result shows that with increasing times of cyclic load excess pore water pressure is increased gradually and effective stress is reduced gradually. When effective is reduced to zero, the liquefaction happens. So in many projects, excess pore water pressure must dissipate by means of some measures. The sand liquefaction under the dynamic load is avoided.
Analysis of Ultralong Friction Pile Based on Gradient Dependent Nonlocal Friction Model
Authors: Luo Xiao Yan , Liu Wei Ping
Published: September 2014

Based on the gradient theory, the gradient dependent nonlocal friction model is established. It is a new model which can describe the nonlocal friction effect. Based on Mindlin’s solution of displacement, an elastic solution of the lateral frictional resistance for ultralong friction pile is derived. The ultralong friction pile is analyzed by using the gradient dependent nonlocal friction model. Compared with the solution to the local friction law, the results shows that nonlocal friction law is feasible and reliable. The study is helpful for understanding the friction mechanism in geotechnical problems. It is a good attempt to set up the more actual and more accurate friction model.
Cause Analysis of Sand Density and Engineering Evaluation
Authors: Kong Xiang Guo
Published: September 2014

The density of the sand is important factor for its engineering properties, There are many methods to evaluate the sand density, just the results may be differences, usually means, this is the test error of the different test methods. In fact, the reasons of the sand formation and buried conditions, sand particle shape and size, sand gradation, groundwater etc. are also the important factors for its engineering properties, but these factors are often ignored. Bearing pressure of confined water will change the distribution of the effective weight stress in soil and the abnormal phenomenon of sand density will appear. In the project, the cause analysis of sand density require attention. According to theoretical knowledge, to identify applicable conditions of the various evaluation methods and their advantages and shortcomings.
Dynamic Analysis of Pile-Soil-Structure Interaction System under Blasting Load
Authors: Huang Bo , Gao Quan Chen , Wang Jian Guo , Jiang Xin Zhao , Wang Xiao Yan , Jiang Bin , Wu Wei
Published: September 2014

Using finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA, dynamic response of pile-soil-structure interaction (PSSI) system under blasting load was analyzed, and the effects of blasting load on surrounding buildings foundation and superstructure were studied. This can provide a reference for structural and seismic reinforcement under blast loading. The results show that the every floor’ acceleration of superstructure of PSSI system along the vertical direction is usually larger than the value along the horizontal direction under horizontal explosion load. Peak-acceleration along the vertical direction decreases from the lowest layer to the top and peak-acceleration along the horizontal direction decreases and then increases with the increase of layer. The top peak-shear stress of piles is larger than the tip of piles, and the distribution laws are inverted triangles. The maximum values of peak of pile-soil contact pressure are located on the top of the piles. With little change in height and contact pressure plummeted. Contact pressure increases more near the tip of the piles.
Experimental Study on Base Reaction and Deformation Characteristic of Variable Modulus Foundation for Frame-Tube Structure
Authors: Tong Jian Xing , Jia Ning , Luo Peng Fei , Sun Xun Hai , Yang Xin Hui , Yan Ming Li
Published: September 2014

This paper conducts an experimental study on the variable modulus foundation for frame-tube structure. The base reactions are measured and its correlation with deformation characteristic is analyzed. The following conclusions are summarized: (1) soil cement (volume ratio is 1:4) is used to strengthen the foundation soil at core tube area. The ratio of moduli of foundation soils at core tube area and external frame column is 2.23. The vertical deflections of medial axis and diagonal are 0.08‰ and 0.1‰. (2) Under the working loads, the base reaction at core tube area is highest and distributed uniformly. The base reaction at the area between the core tube and the external frame column decreases gradually. The overall distribution of base reaction shows a basin shape. (3) The ratio of foundation modulus at core tube area and external frame column area is 2.35. The ratio of base reactions at these two parts is 3.31, which shows a good correlation with the foundation modulus.
Experimental Study on the Secondary Consolidation Properties of Marine Soft
Authors: Zhang Chao Jie , Chen Shi Hua , Liang Guo Qian , Wei Hai Yun
Published: September 2014

Through the one dimensional consolidation of creep test, the paper presents and analyzes the deformation law of reloading under different stress level, the variation of the coefficient of consolidation and the relation between the secondary consolidation deformation and loading history. These test results show that the secondary compression during previous loading has great influence on the subsequent deformation of soil.
Numerical Analysis of a Pile-Anchor Retaining Structure of Deep Foundation Pit Engineering
Authors: Wang Ying , Shi Jiang Bo
Published: September 2014

Based on a deep foundation pit engineering of Tangshan, considering the interaction of pile-anchor-soil, the finite difference software FLAC3D is adopted in this paper to simulate and analyze the effect of dip angle of anchor and the embedded depth of pile on the horizontal displacement and the variation laws of earth pressure, horizontal displacement of pile with the process of excavation. The results show that the maximum value of horizontal displacement and positive moment of pile appear in 0.85H (H stands for the depth of excavation) and the negative moment appears in 1.3H after the excavation; the maximum value of active and passive earth pressure appear in 1.3H rather than the bottom in the range of pile length; the requirements of deformation control and overall stability of foundation pit can be satisfied with 0.5H which as the embedded depth of the pile, and the dip angle of anchor is appropriate when it ranges from 5°to 25°but less than 30°.
Numerical Analysis of Soft Soil Ground Consolidation Settlement
Authors: Hou Jin Fang , Chen Ju , Kou Xiao Qiang
Published: September 2014

An artificial island under construction is located at an open sea and constructed by such a way that island walls are composed of steel cofferdams inserted into impermeable layers and then filled with sands. Grounds on the island are covered by thick soft soil layers with high water content, large compressibility and low bearing capacity, and treated by a jointed dewatering surcharge preloading method. In order to know the settlement property of the soft soil ground, the numerical analysis is implemented. During the analyzing, the parameters are adjusted and calculated through inverse analysis compared with practical measured data. So the numerical calculation results are more reliable. The analysis results indicate that the residual settlement of the soft soil ground is 9cm, and main ground consolidation settlement will be completed for two years after construction finished.
Point Heat Source Induced Thermoelastic Responses of the Cross-Anisotropic Strata
Authors: Lu John C.C. , Chen Ming Qi , Lin Feng Tsai
Published: September 2014

This work presents the closed-form solutions of the long-term thermal stresses, displacements and temperature increment of the cross-anisotropic strata subjected to a point heat source at great depth. The medium is initially modeled with cross-anisotropic mechanical and thermal properties. Under this assumption, the properties of the materials are different between the planes on and normal to the isotropic plane. Using Hankel and Fourier transforms, this paper presents the analytic solutions to soils or rocks affected by the point heat source, such as the repositories of nuclear wastes. The general solutions are further simplified to cases of materials with isotropic mechanical properties, and they are finally extended to fully isotropic in each property of the strata. Based on numerical results, the thermal stresses, displacements and temperature change of the thermoelastic half space are significantly affected by the anisotropy of mechanical and thermal properties of the strata.
Research and Analysis on Rock Acoustic Emission Wave Characteristics
Authors: He Jian Ping
Published: September 2014

Analyzing wave behavior on acoustic emission laboratory tests from relationship between stress and AE rate , the rock AE signal wave in laboratory is decomposed into high and low frequency elements. Analysis and compare with the details elements include, the approximation elements and original AE wave, the results show that rock AE wave characteristics are not same in the course of transform fracture on stages, found AE wave characteristics storehouse, it is a matter of great significance for utilizing monitoring and prediction regularity and development trend in the course of fracture transform. The error between the original signal and the signal of wave coefficient of the approximation elements reconstructed is minor to, wavelet analysis makes accuracy and reliability of rock AE wave characteristics monitoring and prediction improved, States that wavelet analysis is a great efficiency method.
Study of Post-Peak Stress-Strain Relationship of Rock Mass with Joint
Authors: Wang Lei , Wang Hai Yuan , Jiang Liang Yan
Published: September 2014

The post-peak stress strain relationship expression of intact rock cannot well reflect post peak properties of rock masses with joint, in order to obtain post peak stress-strain relationship suitable for rock masses with joint, based on the test data, based on the Kulun strength criterion, analysis evolution of post peak strength parameters of rock masses with joint. According to rock masses with joint under different confining pressure and fracture dip at different post peak behavior, the post peak stress-strain relationship is simplified as new kind type, regarding maximum principal strain as strain softening parameter, on the assumption cohesion and internal friction angle are the piecewise linear functions of maximum principal strain, the method of solving express of new post-peak stress-strain relationship of rock masses with joint is obtained.
Study on Bearing Mechanism of Long-Short-Pile Composite Foundation under Rigid Foundation
Authors: Qian Shuang Bin , Zhang Li Hua
Published: September 2014

Long-short composite pile is a widely used ground improvement technique. This study presents the results of finite difference analyzes using FLAC3D software to investigate the load-bearing and bearing mechanism of long-short pile composite foundation under rigid foundation. The pile-soil load-sharing ratio and stress ratio, axial force distribution in the piles, and pile side friction resistance distribution characteristics are also studied. The results showed that due to negative skin friction of pile in composite foundation soil functions are fully utilized. On the other hand, the load distribution between piles and subsoil is significantly affected by the cushion.
Study on the Effect of Water Content on Shearing Strength Parameters of Unsaturated Loess
Authors: Qian Si Zhong
Published: September 2014

This paper experiments on typical Malan loess, performs consolidated quick direct shear tests under different water contents by conventional direct shear apparatus, then analyzes the effects of water content on shearing strength parameters, namely cohesion and internal friction angle. The results show that cohesion decreases linearly as the water content increasing, and the relation could be obtained by data fitting. However, internal friction angle keeps basically stable with the increase of water content. Finally, based on the force analysis for micro particles, the changing rules of cohesion and internal friction angle with water content were deeply explained.
Study on the Engineering Properties of Saturated Red Sandstone
Authors: Wang Hong Yi , Ding Wu Xiu , Yang Jin Jin
Published: September 2014

Red sandstone with a strong water softening can cause difficulties of construction projects, especially for slope excavation and support engineering. Therefore, the study on the engineering properties of saturated red sandstone has a important meaning. The mechanical parameters of saturated red sandstone are obtained by the triaxial compression tests. The test results indicate that the ralations between peak strength, elasticity modulus and confining pressure for the saturated specimens are similar with the natural specimens, that is, with the increasing of confining pressure, the peak strength and the elasticity modulus will increase, but the growth rate becomes slowly. Under the same confining pressure, the peak strength and the elasticity modulus of saturated specimen are more smaller than the natural one. The mechanical damage caused by water recedes when the confining pressure increases, so for the geotechnical engineering with larger influence of water, the increasement of confining pressure by the supporting structures is conducive to the stability of rock mass. The research results will provide a theoretical basis for the red sandstone engineering.
Study on Unloading Relaxation Characteristics for Rock Masses under High Geostress
Authors: He Gang , Jiang Chang Sen , Lei Ying Cheng , Liao Wei , Li Biao
Published: September 2014

China is rich in hydropower resources that are mainly distributed in the southwest region. The continuous uplifts of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the recent hundreds of years result in geomorphologic landscapes of alpine valleys and complex initial geostress field. Constructing large-scale underground cavern groups in such complex geological conditions will lead to some prominent problems. In particular, the unloading and relaxation deformation of rock masses has become one of the key technical problems that restrict the design and construction of underground caverns in southwest China. Based on the engineering practices of hydropower construction in southwest China in recent years and actual engineering geophysical prospecting detection results, typical unloading relaxation characteristics of underground cavern surrounding rock under high geostress are summarized and analyzed. Differences between areas are analyzed and arranged for the rock unloading relaxation area. By reference to the qualitative classification table for the rock mass intactness in the GB 50218-1994 Standard for engineering classification of rock masses, a standard classification methodology for unloading relaxation areas of rock masses under high geostress is initially formed, which is of great significance to the design and construction of underground caverns under high geostress.
The Text Analysis on the Relationship between Slide-Zone Loess Porosity Microstructure and Dynamic Parameters
Authors: Wang Jia Ding , Ren Quan , Gu Tian Feng , Xu Yuan Jun
Published: September 2014

Through analyzing slide-zone loess porosity microstructure and quantitative analysis, the article can obtain the relation between variational characteristics of slide-zone loess porosity micro-structure and dynamic stress. Experimental results show that slide-zone loess microstructural parameters with load increasing appears a certain laws, and we can use simple linear equation to stand for the relation between porosity quantity or porosity area or porosity morphology ratio and dynamic stress. There is a negative correlation between porosity quantity and dynamic stress, but to other microstructural parameters and dynamic stress, it is a positive correlation. All of these laws are closely related to porosity transformation that forming under axial dynamic stress. It is worth mentioning that porosity fractal dimension with increasing dynamic stress increases, appearing linear correlation. When the confidence coefficient is 0.05, their correlation is well. Synthesizing above study, there is some guiding significance for establishing loess microstructure mechanical model and soil mass microstructural mechanics.
Zhu Quedong Landslide Failure Model
Authors: An Chen
Published: September 2014

The max level sliding distance of Zhu Quedong landslide is 80m; its vertical sliding distance is 50.0m. An the sliding axle, the sliding mass length is about 450.0m, which perpendicular to Changde-Jishou expressway; the leading edge width at hillside foot is about 500m and the sliding mass width along Changde-Jishou expressway is about 430.0m. Its volume is about 2.6×106m3. The direct economic loss is about 3.192×107RMB. According to geology investigation, the geological structures control the landslide: fault F1and fault F2 control the boundary of landslide, the stratum attitude controls the slip direction. Rainfall and river erosion are the major factors to cause the landslide. Multiple sliding formed Zhu Quedong landslide outline and there is different failure model in different area. In I-1 sub region, the failure model is creeping-tensile for slope foot loses support caused by river erosion; in I-2 sub region, the failure model is slip-buckling-tensile caused by the lateral drag force of I-1 sub region slipping, in I-3 sub region, the failure model is slip-tensile with rotation-slide for its foot loses support caused by I-1 sub region and I-2 sub region slipping and uneven stacking load cause by subgrade construction, in I-4 sub region, the failure model is slip-tensile. In II area, the slope failure model is shear deformation by lateral forces of I area slipping. In III area, the slope failure model is slip-tensile because the slope foot loses support caused by I area sliding.
Research of Deformation Characteristics of Long-Short Pile Composite Foundation under Rigid Foundation
Authors: Qian Shuang Bin , Zhang Li Hua
Published: September 2014

Long-short composite pile is a widely used ground improvement technique. This study presents the results of finite difference analyzes using FLAC3D software to investigate the deformation behavior of long-short pile composite foundation under rigid foundation. The pile penetration into cushion and displacement distribution in the piles and other parameters are also studied. The results show that settlement is much more significantly affected by long-pile rather than short-pile. On the other hand, long-pile pierce into cushion to bring foundation soil into full play, also makes the advantages of long-short pile composite foundation to be evident.
A Dynamic Modeling Method of Dam Safety Early-Warning Model
Authors: Su Huai Zhi , Fan Zhen Dong , Hu Yu Zhi
Published: September 2014

An early-warning model of dam safety base on Dynamic FCM-LSSVM was supported to solve the traditional model failure over time. The training set was divided into subsets with different cluster centers method by using FCM algorithm, and then every subset was trained and modeled by using LS-SVM. When making forecasts, the category of the sample belongs was determined firstly. Then the corresponding sub-type model was used to predict and updated on-line. An arch dam safety warning model of deformation was established by using the proposed method. Compared with the standard LS-SVM model, the proposed hybrid model can significantly improve the generalization ability of the model.
Research and Application on Concrete Face Rock-Fill Dam’s Earth-Rock Allocation
Authors: Yan Qiao , Xiao Bing , Zhang Zhao
Published: September 2014

The earth-rock allocation is the core problem affecting the overall situation of the rock fill dam construction, how to reasonable and effective for earth-rock allocation implementation is directly related to the project schedule, quality and economic goals. Through systematic analysis of rock-fill dam’s earth-rock allocation determine the features of excavation project, reclamation projects, excavation yard, debris field, transit field, and define the relationship between the various sectors of excavation, filling, transit, debris, mining and other aspects of rock-fill dam’s earth-rock allocation. Use the minimum value of the allocation sum cost as the objective function, combined with the qualitative and quantitative constraints in allocation process to build earth-rock allocation models. According to the established model, combining the actual project, based on the VS2008, develop a rock-fill dam’s earth-rock allocation system. Detailed simulate the process of rock-fill dam’s earth-rock allocation, and take charts to show intuitively.
The Research and Engineering Application of a New Hardfill Cofferdam in Shatuo Hydropower Station
Authors: Peng Cheng Jia , Hao Peng , Su Peng
Published: September 2014

A series of studies, including structure layout, detail design, material test, construction technology and prototype monitoring, etc are performed for the cofferdam on the left downstream bank of Shatuo hydropower station, which is situated on Wujiang River, Guizhou, China. Based on the research, the hardfill cofferdam with super-sized aggregates and ultralow cement in practical construction is firstly investigated. In which, the maximum aggregate size reaches 70cm and the minimum usage of cementing materials is 50 kg/m3 (25 kg/m3 for cement). According to the results of field detection and prototype monitoring, the implementation effect of the project is objectively evaluated. The research achievements and engineering practice can provide references for the design and construction of temporary cofferdam and low-medium permanent dam.
Numerical Modeling of Mining Caving in Yanzhou China
Authors: Yang Ling Qiang , Qin Bing
Published: September 2014

It is rather complicated to predict the characteristics of strata response to mining operation in thick seams. However, a comprehensive evaluation of ground behavior is a prerequisite for maintaining efficient production, especially when the top-coal-caving method behind the face is applied. An analysis of the conditions of top coal has revealed that a 1.8m thick layer of coal just above the shield supports is well fractured. However, a 4.2m thick layer of coal above the fractured part is either not fractured or is fractured in the form of large blocks leading to obstruction of windows of shields during coal drawing. It is concluded that, in order to decrease dilution and increase extraction ratio and efficiency of operation, top coal should be as uniformly fractured as possible. Hence, an efficient and continuous coal flowing behind the face can be maintained.
Study of Control Empty Width in the Underground Penstock Contact Grouting Engineering
Authors: Shen Yan , Shao Yan Ni , Li Xiao , Wang Hui Ping
Published: September 2014

Determining control empty size can be used as a standard of deciding whether contact grouting in the empty area is needed, in order to reduce the construction difficulty and enhance running safety of underground penstock. In this paper, underground penstock operation process has been simulated by means of the well-known FEA software-ANSYS. The empty conditions and joint bearing of steel lining and surrounding rock have been simulated by setting contact element. In this way, control empty width of different radius steel pipe and different initial gap has been calculated. The result provides reference to decide whether contact grouting between steel lining and back filled concrete needed.
Technological Analysis and Application of the Aquifer Inclined Shaft Integrated Controlling of Water
Authors: Yang Guang Xiang , Wu Mao Sheng , Lv Yu Zhi , Geng Jian Jun
Published: September 2014

In view of the southwest region of Inner Mongolia encountered in the process of shaft construction of fissure aquifer water inrush problem, take the Great Wall No. 5 mine as an engineering example, key technology of the southwest region of Inner Mongolia shaft over aquifer such as freezing method, grouting method, water prospecting method are analyzed, curbing the aquifer of the adverse effects of shaft construction effectively, solving the difficult problem such as the loading and transportation of waste rock, it provides the reference of prevention and control of water for similar conditions in western region of shaft construction.
Study on the Smoke Flow Regulation in Underground Space Based on the CFD Simulation
Authors: Wang Yu
Published: September 2014

The utilization of the underground space mainly focuses on the following aspects: underground traffic, underground commerce, underground garage, underground amusement spots and urban disaster prevention facilities, for example, the air-raid shelters. Based on the analysis of the characteristics and reasons of the fire in the underground buildings, and with a (or a half) basement of the library in a university as its study object, the FDS of the CFD software is used to carry on a field simulation by setting two fire scenarios and five measuring points. This paper also studies the change process of temperature and visibility in different time and different regions and analyzes the smoke movement regulation with model in this underground space. A conclusion is drawn that, the temperature in each measuring point would rise up quickly in a short time with 131 seconds as its available safe egress time (ASET) of the editorial catalogue room, reaching and even surpassing 60 ̊C, as the safety threshold human can withstand, and that finally tend to a relatively stable point.
The Characteristics of Temperature Field in the Cup-Shaped Frozen Soil Walls for Horizontal Reinforcement of Shield Tunneling
Authors: Xia Jiang Tao , Wang Li Li , Liu Ze Jun , Shen Hua Rong , Zhang Shao Fei
Published: September 2014

The variation of temperature distribution in the cup-shaped frozen soil wall is real-timely monitored during the whole process of the horizontal freezing reinforcement project in Yixian Bridge Station, the first phase in Line 2 of Nanjing Subway. The development characteristic of the temperature field at different depth is analyzed, and the formation time and developing speed of the frozen soil wall is further calculated. The monitoring results show that, the average growth rate of the temperature field at the interface between the frozen soil and the underground continuous wall is significantly faster than the one in the cylinder reinforced area.There is significant differences in the average growth rate of temperature field in the frozen soil wall at different area of the reinforcing plates.
The Monitoring Research of Stress and Displacement about Arch Framework with Flush Joint Precast
Authors: Duan Jin , Xu Li Xin , Li Ding Ling , Xu Yang
Published: September 2014

The entity model of slope arch framework in highway was monitored in stress and displacement at different time. Though the date of different points collected, the mechanical mechanism can be studied, and the analysis was done between calculation results and entity model. The studying results show that the stress of point were increasing at first and then mitigating, and the stress increase undulating as the distance from the slope top increase. The date of monitor and finite element analysis model indicate that the point on the arch toe is the worst stress place, and the total displacement increase nonlinear as the distance from the slope top increases, and the bump phenomenon exists in the bottom of slope, the points are likely to be broken.
Numerical Simulation on Hard and Stable Roof Control by Means of Directional Hydraulic Fracturing in Coal Mine
Authors: Pan Chao , Zuo Yu Jun , Gao Shang , Li Wei
Published: September 2014

Hydraulic fracturing is a method which combines a natural action with a factitious means to alter rock structure. In order to control the extending direction of fracture in the process of hydraulic fracturing, directional hydraulic fracturing is necessary. According to fracture initiation and extension mechanism, taking fully into account the flow-stress-damage coupling effect, simulating with numerical way and analyzing a law of the roof under the dynamic failure process on a working face with a hard and stable roof in 2 cases, the one is the non-directional directional hydraulic fracturing, and the other one is wedge groove directional hydraulic fracturing by RFPA2D-Flow. Based on analyzing the distribution law of the primary stress field on roof surrounding rock, we reveal the control mechanism and behavior law of directed by wedge groove directional fracturing. The study results shows that: First, under the coupling effect from the high hydraulic pressure and crustal stress, failure of roof is not simply a shearing failure, but a compound stress effect from tensile and compress failure which tension contributes more. Second, the directional fracturing by wedge-groove guides to the main fracture progressing into directional expansion, relying on man-made weak plane, it also makes the roof directional hierarchically, timely and fractionated carving come true.
Analysis and Study of Coupled Vibration between Trains and 80m-Railway Tied Arch Bridge
Authors: Zhao Juan Juan
Published: September 2014

In this paper, passenger and freight bi-purpose railway tied arch bridge is studied. Dynamic simulation train model is built on multibody system dynamics approach, and dynamic bridge model is built by using the finite element method.Coupled vibration response analysis of the tied arch bridge based on co-simulation technology of ANASYS and SIMPACK between multibody system dynamics and finite element is made. By calculating, analyses and assess are made of the bridge when trains are moving at different speeds. Results provide theoretical support and refer to the same type of bridge design.
Inspection and Assessment of Stay Cables in Cable Stayed Bridges
Authors: Chen Wei Zhen , Yang Jian Xi
Published: September 2014

That stayed cables are prone to corrosion fails to draw enough attention of bridge management until corrosion leads to damage of cables. Corrosion is usually allowed to develop for lack of accurate detection method or rather for lack of matured method of assessing tensile capacity of existing stayed cables. The tensile capacity of corroded stayed cables are affected by main factors such as cable specifications, mechanical properties of wires, extent of corrosion, and distribution of corroded wires in stayed cables. The last two factors are especially in need of systematic research. Therefore, this paper, taking advantage of the project of displacing stayed cables of Shimen Bridge, attempts an investigation of the two factors from the following perspectives: The investigation starts with measurement of corroded cable wires of the bridge to understand mechanical property of the wires and then makes an empirical fitting curve according to the mechanical change caused by corrosion. Severely corroded stayed cables are cut into several parts to expose cross sections, every wire in which is numbered for test of corrosion extent. Thus, radial distribution law of corroded cable wires is well examined. In light of the above investigation, a model is proposed to assess tensile capacity of stayed cable based on the series-parallel connection system. To verify practicality of the theory governing the investigation, one specimen made from a corroded stayed cable with the old anchor terminal on one end is tensioned and assessed using the assessing method proposed in this paper to see if the method is applicable to assessment of tensile capacity of other corroded stayed cables.
Local Stress Analysis of Arch Foot for Trough Girder and Arch Composite Bridge
Authors: Wu Xun , Gu Dong
Published: September 2014

As a statically indeterminate structure, trough girder and arch composite bridge has a complex internal stress, especially the arch foot. The foot is influenced with the thrust of arch rib, the tension of girder and the supporting force. The trough girder section has a serious steric effect due to the poor torsional capacity. Therefore, the stress characteristics of the railway trough girder and arch composite bridge are more complicated. The main research introduces the details of the arch foot of the trough girder and arch composite bridge of Ningqi Railway over Hutong Railway. The finite element program MIDAS/Civil has been adopted to establish a full three-dimensional model and ANSYS has been adopted to establish an elaborate FEM model of the bridge.
Research on Bridge Damage-Reduction Seismic Performance with Variable Parameter Cable-Unseating Prevention Devices
Authors: Zhang Yu Min , Qin Xing Xu
Published: September 2014

The anti-seismic measures is effective in reducing the seismic damage of bridge, unseating prevention device is an effective structural measure to prevent collapse under unexpected earthquake, and its parameter will affect the function of unseating prevention devices. Based on relational design standards, the damage-reduction seismic performance of unseating prevention devices with variational design parameter have been analysis. The research results show that the unseating prevention devices with rational parameters can prevent collapse of the structure; the damage-reduction seismic performance of bridge was influenced by the cable rigidity and primary clearances. The unseating prevention devices will improve the seismic performance and integrality of bridge, but higher requirements have been proposed for the substructure of bridges.