bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance Analysis and Evaluation of Ternary Optical Computer Based on Asynchronous Multiple Vacations
Authors: Xianchao Wang , Xianchuan Wang , Jie Zhang , Man Ling , Dayou Hou , Kai Song
Published: October 2021

Ternary optical computer(TOC) has become a research hotspot in the field because of the advantages such as inherent parallelism, numerous trits, low power consumption, extendibility, bitwise allocability and dynamical bitwise reconfigurability. Meanwhile, its performance evaluation attracts more and more attentions from potential users and researchers. To model its computing ecology more accurately, this paper first builds a three-staged TOC service model by introducing asynchronous multi-vacations and tandem queueing, and then proposes a task scheduling algorithm and an optical processor allocation algorithm with asynchronous vacations of some small optical processors after dividing equally the entire optical processor into several small optical processors which can be used independently. At the same time, the analytical model was established to obtain important performance indicators such as response time, the number of tasks and utilization of optical processor, based on M/M/1 and M/M/n queuing system with asynchronous multi-vacations. In addition, relevant numerical simulation experiments are conducted. The results illustrate that the number of small optical processors, vacation rate and the number of small optical processors allowed to be on vacation have important effects on the system performance. Compared with synchronous vacation, asynchronous vacation not only ensures the system to obtain better maintenance but also improves the system performance to some degree.
The added value of recent-infection testing in population-based HIV surveys
Authors: Mhlanga Laurette , Grebe Eduard , Welte Alex
Published: October 2021

Background: There is no clear consensus on how best to use increasingly available data derived from large populationbased surveys featuring HIV infection status ascertainment. In particular, for the purpose of estimating HIV incidence, there is considerable scope for better elucidation of the benefit of adding ‘recent infection’ ascertainment, which adds considerable additional cost and complexity to surveys which are already costly and complex. Methods: Using an epidemic/survey simulation tool developed for this and some closely related investigations, we explore the value added by ‘recent infection’ data from population surveys, to support HIV incidence estimation. This directly piggy-backs on to two companion pieces which have explored, independently, the use of the ‘synthetic cohort’ paradigm of Mahiane et al (analysing age/time structure of prevalence, in conjunction with estimates of mortality) and the paradigm of Kassanjee et al (focusing on ‘recent infection’ data). Results: Our headline findings are that: 1) Recent infection data adds marginal benefit to surveillance focused on the early years after sexual debut, which can reasonably be taken to be a core sentinel group in which surveillance is significantly more efficient than attempts to cover all ages; and 2) by contrast, recent infection data is crucial for the reliable estimation of incidence trends when only two cross sectional surveys are available. We detail numerous components of a general and robust approach to analysing data when both the Mahiane and Kassanjee analyses are in play. Conclusion: Our main results present non-trivial dilemmas for survey design, as recency data is crucial for stabilising the more timely estimates, but of marginal benefit for the most important sentinel group. We hope that adaptation of our analysis, to simulated scenarios closely aligned to specific contexts facing expensive choices, will support rational investments in, and use of, precious surveillance opportunities and data sets.
Carbon Remobilization and Grain Filling in Japonica/Indica Hybrid Rice Subjected to Postanthesis Water Deficits
Authors: Yang Jianchang , Zhang Jianhua , Liu Lijun , Wang Zhiqing , Zhu Qingsen
Published: October 2021

Poor grain filling, as in unfilled grains, and unused carbohydrate in straws are two major problems in japonica/indica (J/I) hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.). This study investigated if an early senescence, induced by controlled postanthesis soil drying, could enhance the remobilization of reserved C to the grains, and therefore improve the grain filling. Two J/I hybrids and one indica/indica (I/I) hybrid were field‐grown. Three levels of soil water potential (ψsoil)—well watered (ψsoil = 0), moderate water deficit (ψsoil = −0.025 MPa), and severe water deficit (ψsoil = −0.05 MPa)—were imposed 9 d after anthesis to maturity. As a result of water deficit treatment, chlorophyll concentrations and photosynthetic rates of flag leaves declined more quickly, indicating an enhanced senescence. The remobilized C reserve from the culm and sheath during grain filling was increased by 47 to 61% for the J/I hybrids and 12 to 26% for the I/I hybrid. Partitioning of 14C from the flag leaves to the grains was increased by 18 to 28%. Active grain‐filling period was shortened by 2.7 to 8.7 d, and grain‐filling rate increased by 0.14 to 0.36 mg d−1 grain−1. Water deficits reduced the grain yield of the I/I hybrid by 2.9 to 16.4% but increased that of the two J/I hybrids by 4.4 to 13.3%. We conclude that if water deficit is properly controlled for J/I, the gain from enhanced remobilization of stored C may outweigh the loss due to shortened photosynthetic duration, leading to a fast grain filling and high grain yield in cases where senescence is unfavorably delayed.
Soil Properties as Influenced by Phosphorus‐ and Nitrogen‐Based Manure and Compost Applications
Authors: Eghball Bahman
Published: October 2021

Manure or compost application based on N needs of corn (Zea mays L.) may result in soil accumulation of P, N, and other ions, since the manure or compost N/P ratio is usually smaller than the corn N/P uptake ratio. This study was conducted from 1992 to 1996 to evaluate the effects of annual or biennial application of N‐ and P‐based composted and noncomposted beef cattle (Bos taurus) feedlot manure on soil properties. Fertilized and unfertilized checks were also included. Soil surface (0–15 cm) pH significantly increased with N‐based manure (MN) or compost application (CN), but decreased with NH4–N fertilizer application as compared with the check. Soil bulk density was unaffected by manure or compost application. After 4 yr of manure and compost applications, soil surface (0–15 cm) C and N concentrations and quantities were greater for N‐ than P‐based management systems. About 25% of applied manure C and 36% of applied compost C remained in the soil after 4 yr of application, indicating greater C sequestration with composted than noncomposted manure. No significant difference was observed between fertilizer and check plots for soil total C or N. Soil properties in the 15‐ to 30‐cm increment were unaffected by the applied treatments except soil electrical conductivity (EC). Residual soil NO3 to a depth of 1.2 m was greater for inorganic fertilizer than manure and compost treatments in drier years. Soil property changes were greater for the annual or biennial N‐based than P‐based manure or compost applications, reflecting the differences in application amounts.
Monitoring Leaf Nitrogen Status in Rice with Canopy Spectral Reflectance
Authors: Xue Lihong , Cao Weixing , Luo Weihong , Dai Tingbo , Zhu Yan
Published: October 2021

Nondestructive monitoring and diagnosis of plant N status is necessary for precision N management. The present study was conducted to determine if canopy reflectance could be used to evaluate leaf N status in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Ground‐based canopy spectral reflectance and N concentration and accumulation in leaves were measured over the entire rice growing season under various treatments of N fertilization, irrigation, and plant population. Analyses were made on the relationships of seasonal canopy spectral reflectance, ratio indices, and normalized difference indices to leaf N concentration and N accumulation in rice under different N treatments. The results showed that at each sampling date, leaf N concentration was negatively related to the reflectance at the green band (560 nm) while positively related to ratio index, with the best correlation at jointing. However, the relationships between leaf N accumulation and reflectance at green band and ratio index were consistent across the whole growth period. The ratio of near infrared (NIR) to green (R810/R560) was especially linearly related to total leaf N accumulation, independent of N level and growth stage. Tests of the linear regression model with different field experiment data sets involving different plant densities, N fertilization, and irrigation treatments exhibited good agreement between the predicted and observed values, with an estimation accuracy of 96.69%, root mean square error of 0.7072, and relative error of −0.0052. These results indicate that the ratio index of NIR to green (R810/R560) should be useful for nondestructive monitoring of N status in rice plants.
Economics of Alternative No‐Till Spring Crop Rotations in Washington's Wheat–Fallow Region
Authors: Juergens Louis A. , Young Douglas L. , Schillinger William F. , Hinman Herbert R.
Published: October 2021

Winter wheat [Triticum aestivum L.] (WW)–summer fallow (SF) is the dominant cropping system in the low‐precipitation (<300 mm annual) region of the inland Pacific Northwest (PNW), USA. Intensive tillage during SF often leaves soil vulnerable to wind erosion. While no‐till cropping is well known for wind erosion control benefits, previous research in the inland PNW showed that annual no‐till hard red spring wheat (HRSW) trailed WW–SF in profitability by $113 ha−1 yr−1. Our objective was to assess the agronomic and economic feasibility of alternative no‐till spring grain and oilseed rotations in a 5‐yr experiment near Ritzville, WA. Spring crops were soft white wheat (SW), barley [Hordeum vulgare L.] (SB) yellow mustard [Brassica hirta Moench] (YM), and safflower [Carthamus tinctorius L.] (SAF) grown in three rotation sequences. Net returns from WW–SF on 10 neighboring farms during the 5‐yr period averaged $21.52 ha−1 yr−1. The most profitable no‐till spring cropping sequence was continuous SW, which averaged net returns of $12.11 ha−1 yr−1, equivalent to WW–SF and much more competitive than previous HRSW results. No‐till SW–SB and a 4‐yr rotation of SAF–YM–SW–SW averaged −$12.10 and −$31.45 ha−1 yr−1, respectively. Although all no‐till spring crop rotations had higher annual income variability than WW–SF, positive net returns for continuous SW is the first economic good news for continuous annual cropping using no‐till in the low‐precipitation region of the inland PNW.
Corn Response to Composting and Time of Application of Solid Swine Manure
Authors: Loecke Terrance D. , Liebman Matt , Cambardella Cynthia A. , Richard Tom L.
Published: October 2021

Swine production in hoop structures is a relatively new husbandry system in which a mixture of manure and bedding accumulates. This manure/bedding pack can be applied to crop fields directly from a hoop structure or piled for composting. During 2000 and 2001, field experiments were conducted near Boone, IA, to determine the effects of form of solid swine manure (fresh or composted) and time of manure application (fall or spring) on corn (Zea maysL.) nutrient status and yield. Fresh and composted manure were applied at 340 kg total N ha−1. Urea N fertilizer treatments of 0, 60, 120, and 180 kg N ha−1were used to determine N fertilizer equivalency values for the manure. In 2000, but not in 2001, fresh manure decreased corn emergence by 9.5% compared with the unamended, nonfertilized control treatment. No corn yield differences due to the form or the time of manure application were detected in 2000, but all treatments receiving manure produced more corn grain than the unamended control. In 2001, fall application of manure increased corn grain yield more than spring application, and composted manure increased yield more than fresh manure, with spring‐applied fresh manure providing no yield response beyond the unamended control. Mean N supply efficiency, defined as the N fertilizer equivalency value as a percentage of the total N applied, was greatest for fall‐applied composted manure (34.7%), intermediate for fall‐applied fresh manure (24.3%) and spring‐applied composted manure (25.0%), and least for spring‐applied fresh manure (10.9%).
Hybrid, Maturity, and Cutting Height Interactions on Corn Forage Yield and Quality
Authors: Lewis Andrew L. , Cox William J. , Cherney Jerome H.
Published: October 2021

Corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids may show different silage quality responses to harvest date and cutting height because hybrids differ in neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility. A brown midrib, leafy, and dual‐purpose hybrid were harvested at early [≈280 g kg−1 dry matter (DM) content], medium (≈350 g kg−1), and late (≈420 g kg−1) harvest dates at 15‐, 30‐, and 46‐cm cutting heights in 2001 and 2002 to determine optimum harvest management for each hybrid type. Most forage quality characteristics had hybrid × harvest date interactions as indicated by the 73 g kg−1 decrease in NDF digestibility of the brown midrib compared with 20 g kg−1 decreases of the other hybrids between the early and late harvest date. Milk per megagram, a forage quality index, declined (1523, 1487, and 1417 kg Mg−1), but DM yields increased (13.2, 13.6, and 14.1 Mg ha−1), so calculated milk yields were similar (20333, 20200, and 20233 kg ha−1) at early, medium, and late harvest dates, respectively, suggesting a broad optimum DM content for harvest. The sharp decline in NDF digestibility, however, raises concern about harvesting the brown midrib hybrid above 350 g kg−1 DM content. Calculated milk yield had a hybrid × cutting height interaction, as indicated by no change in the leafy hybrid and a 13% decrease in the brown midrib hybrid as cutting height increased from 15 to 46 cm. This suggests that an increase in cutting height may be a good management practice for the leafy hybrid but not for the brown midrib hybrid.
Transaction Analysis of Business-Ecosystems
Authors: Kukushkin S. N.
Published: October 2021

Business-ecosystem is a rather new organizational form of interaction on market between customer and producer, which is used widely today by business-organizations of different organization and legal forms and types of economic activity. The article provides the analysis of business-ecosystems in view of the theory of transaction costs. The terms ‘ecosystem' was initially proposed to describe the environment of mutual existence of different biological beings. Later it was used for depicting the environment of business-organization. In this environment various antipodes exist and interact. At first sight they should avoid collaboration with each other, but in fact mutual coexistence intensifies every participant and fosters their development, therefore, they shall find forms and means of co-existence. In spite of the fact that business-ecosystem is a rather new trend in research in the field of economy and management, certain approaches to research and classification of the phenomenon have been created. The author in view of neo-institutional theory proves that business-ecosystem meets all classical canons, therefore it functions as a classical business-organization with similar goals and relevant tools.
Enterprise Restructuring Based on Modeling the Economic Responsibility of Its Divisions
Authors: Zagranovskaia A. V. , Pliner M. E.
Published: October 2021

Structure and function as two system-building factors that affect each other. Their mutual conformity is a guarantee of the system efficient functioning. At certain time this conformity can be broken and it will impact adversely the organization work. As a result it will be necessary either to revise the function (mission) of the enterprise or to restructure it. According to the theory of business systems, the contribution of each division to the system function realization can be estimated through modeling economic responsibility, which should, in theory, correspond to employees' remuneration. The given logic underlies COMPAS methodology, whose version was elaborated by the authors and used in the article. This methodology was tested at the Research Center of Pharmacotherapy. The findings of the research allowed the authors to put forward the current and strategic solution to the problem of unbalanced economic responsibility and personnel remuneration. In the short run in order to reduce the general manager's load it is possible to pass some of his/her tasks to subordinates and in the long run it is recommended to change the structure of enterprise management and revise the distribution of economic responsibility and remuneration in divisions.
Digitalization in the Mining Industry
Authors: Kalenov O. E.
Published: October 2021

Competitiveness of mining enterprises is determined, mainly by their productivity and operation superiority. Digitalization becomes a decisive factor, which can provide an opportunity to companies of this sphere to remain competitive in the future. In mining industry passing-over to new, advanced methods of work usually happens more slowly due to the scale and complexity of production processes and considerable costs necessary for re-equipment. That is why certain enterprises of this field use digital technologies without enthusiasm. However, the leading mining companies in the world invest vast funds in development of advanced technologies in power engineering and automation in order to increase mining and ecological efficiency, to cut the volume of hand labour, costs and power expenses. It is obvious that digital technologies can give new opportunities for serious rise in productivity and profit. The article studies key lines in digital transformation at mining enterprises, demonstrates basic advantages and potential threats. The authors analyze both foreign and Russian examples of effective digitalization at enterprises of this sphere.
Designing Methods of Developing Diversification Strategies at Integrated Business Structures
Authors: Biryukov A. A.
Published: October 2021

Today's market relations are constantly changing, thus it is difficult for enterprises to retain appeal of the industry taken by them. Winning new markets is a priority for many of them. In this circumstances correctly planned and organized diversification process can foster productivity of company work and its divisions. The key goals of production diversification are the following: to cut market risks, to improve enterprise sustainability and to upgrade efficiency figures. To attain this it is necessary to enter new markets and enlarge product range of goods with high added value, which could raise profitability. The article studies notions, advantages, motives, types of diversification and shows different ways of developing diversification strategy for integrated business structures. The author researched key forms of developing diversification strategy for integrated business structures.
Uma sepultura da Antiguidade tardia em Quintela de Lampaças, Bragança
Authors: Queiroga Francisco M.V. Reimão , Queiroga Francisco Sá Reimão
Published: October 2021

An archaeological survey carried out in an agricultural field located at Quintela de Lampaças, Bragança, led to the discovery of a Late Antiquity grave. The structure in which the burial is settled is made out of loose stones and clay building materials, and bears a rather unclear configuration that diverges from the known funerary models from this epoch. The dating proposed for the set is the second half of the Vth century AD, as suggested by the materials that are most suitable for dating, such as the pieces of Late Terra Sigillata. Amongst the pile of clay materials that made the covering of the grave was deposited one hammer during the funerary ritual. This hammer is of a known roman type, and is a unique find in the region, in addition to being found in a rather unusual context.
La utilización de la Epigrafia en la construcción del discurso nacionalista galego la Historia de Galicia de Murguía
Authors: Dopico Caínzos María Dolores
Published: October 2021

The History of Galicia by Manuel Murguía laid the foundations of a Galician nationalism based on a differential fact, Celtism, which had remained unchanged from its origins to his own time. To support his theory, Murguía tried to show that no conquest, not even the Roman one, had suppressed the Celtic customs. The epigraphic sources, with the votive inscriptions that mentioned “Celtic” divinities, became a useful resource to show that survival, as well as the independence and spirit of rebellion of the Galician people.
Ofícios e pequena indústria em Penafiel Latoeiros-Funileiros
Authors: Soeiro Teresa
Published: October 2021

The Municipal Museum of Penafiel recently implemented an experience to stimulate the traditional crafts. It revealed that the tinsmith craft-deeply rooted in the city and district since the end of the 18th century-is at risk of vanishing, since only one professional craftsman remains, already retired. Such urgency led us to seek to document the activity, namely in the municipality, in order to construct a reading of this historical path, focusing on working dynamics and transmission of traditional skills, from the 18th century guilds to the Estado Novo (1933-1974). The last tinker and the memories of other craftsmen who learnt the trade in their youth and practiced it for many years, allowed access to working practices, technical means, models and needs and preferences of the clientele. These were considered under the relevant social and chronological context.
LATENT FINGERPRINT IMAGE ENHANCEMENT BASED ON OPTIMIZED BENT IDENTITY BASED CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Chaudhary Neha , Dimri Priti
Published: October 2021

Fingerprints are unique biometric systems (BSs) in which none of the human possesses similar fingerprint structures. It is one of the most significant biometric processes used in the identification of criminals. Latent fingerprints or latents are generated mainly by the finger sweat or oil deposits which is left by the suspects unintentionally. The impressions of latents are blurred or smudgy in nature and not viewed by naked eye. These fingerprints are of low quality, corrupted by noise, degraded by technological factors and exhibit minor details. Latents display consistent structural info when observed as an image. Image Enhancement is necessary in latents, to transform the latent (noisy) image into fine-quality (enhanced) image. In this work, a new image enhancement approach named BI-CNN (Bent Identity-Convolution Neural Network) with Spatial Pyramid Max Pooling (SPMP) model optimized using TSOA (Tunicate Swarm Optimization Algorithm) is presented to produce an enhanced latent at the output. This procedure involves the integration of ROI (Region Of Interest) Estimation, Anisotropic Gaussian Filter (AGF) based Pre-filtering, Fingerprint alignment using Sobel Filter, Intrinsic Feature patch extraction using Optimized BI-CNN, GAT (Graph Attention) network based Similarity Estimation followed by image reconstruction and feedback module. The implementation tool used in this work is PYTHON platform. The proposed optimized BI-CNN framework tested on dual public datasets namely IIITD-latent finger print and IIITD-MOLF have shown enhanced outcomes. Thus, the IIITD -latent fingerprint database obtained 83.33% on Rank-10 accuracy and 39.33% on Rank-25 accuracy.
ICTs and New Scenarios for Diversity
Authors: Salum Tomé, PhD. José Manuel
Published: October 2021

Research is a process aimed at seeking new knowledge, in this case, it will be to find alternative paths in the field of new technologies that serve to support special educational needs. Society demands these technological contributions to solve problems that contribute to inclusion, which led man to work with greater ergonomics; The school, a social institution, also needs these resources so that all students can build a teaching process of functional and meaningful learning for each and every student. The educational system outlines an education that attends to the educational needs of all students; and from these pages the intention is that new technologies are a path of support that assists diversity and inclusion.
Impacts of Trade Protection by Tariffs on Agricultural Imports and Exports by Using GTAP Model: A Case Study in Vietnam
Authors: Cong Phan The
Published: October 2021

International economic integration has brought high growth to international trade while promoting economic development for many countries around the world. However, in recent times, in the world, there has appeared a trend opposite to trade liberalization, which is protectionism. Advocates for trade protection provide arguments for why countries implement trade-restrictive measures. Those causes are related to national security and defense, solving the trade deficit, creating jobs, protecting the nascent industry and ensuring fair trade. Countries are currently using tariff measures including import and export tariffs, and non-tariff measures. The article studies protectionism, analyzes the impact of trade protectionism by tariffs on Vietnam’s GDP and exports, and makes policy recommendations for the Government of Vietnam.
Antibacterial data synthesis challenges: a systematic review of treatments for complicated Gram-negative urinary tract infections
Authors: Dillon Ryan , Uyei Jennifer , Singh Rajpal , McCann Eilish
Published: October 2021

Aim:
To determine the suitability of network meta-analysis (NMA) using antibacterial treatment evidence in complicated urinary tract infection.
Materials & methods:
We conducted a systematic literature review to identify published clinical trial data for complicated urinary tract infection treatments. We performed a feasibility assessment to determine whether the available evidence would support the creation of a robust NMA, considering key assumptions of homogeneity, similarity and consistency.
Results:
Twenty-five trials met eligibility criteria. Risk of bias was low, and individual studies met their primary end point(s). Assumptions central to the conduct of a robust NMA were not met. Heterogeneity was ubiquitous, including baseline pathogen, treatment and patient characteristics.
Conclusion:
Limited and heterogeneous data identified make the use of NMA to compare novel antibacterial agents impractical and likely unreliable.
MULHERES EM PROJETOS COLONIZADORES:
Authors: Eidt Paulino , Strieder Roque , Elisabeth Cupchinski Rempel Cristiane
Published: October 2021

O artigo aborda elementos da reestruturação da Igreja Católica no Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina, dentro do cenário de restauração de princípios e valores em decadência no Velho Mundo, face à emergência de novas correntes de pensamento. Aponta que nas frentes agrícolas dos estados do sul, em resposta à descristianização na Alemanha, houve experiências de revigoração do naturalismo e do romantismo, no final do século XIX e primeira metade do XX. Expressa como os meios educacionais, culturais, econômicos e o uso da imagem e linguagem reproduziram, longe dos espaços dos novos tempos, o direito divino pelo teocentrismo e o padroado. O eixo de análise da produção bibliográfica apresenta três reflexões básicas: e emigração europeia como resposta às bandeiras do modernismo e do liberalismo; a formação do Projeto Porto Novo/SC, de caráter confessional e etnicamente uniforme; e a restauração da autoridade patriarcal por meio de mecanismos de enquadramento e normatização do papel da mulher e da família dentro do paradigma naturalista da colonização.
RASTROS DE MEMÓRIAS SOBRE O ENSINO DE MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Fragoso de Miranda Silva Francine , Regina Flores Cláudia , Beatriz Machado Rosilene
Published: October 2021

O artigo encontra-se inserido nas pesquisas relacionadas à história da educação matemática e objetiva tecer uma história acerca do ensino de Matemática a partir dos rastros de memória de um ex-aluno de uma escola teuto-brasileira do município de Antônio Carlos (SC), num determinado momento histórico. Utiliza-se como ferramentas teórico-metodológicas os conceitos de Michel Foucault. Como material de análise desta problemática, consideram-se fotografias, memórias, desenhos e documentos. A dimensão analítica se dá por meio de um exercício existente entre memória e história a partir de depoimentos, para perceber as condições pelas quais os sujeitos estudantes praticaram um certo tipo de matemática naquelas escolas. Como dimensão histórica, verifica-se a presença do poder disciplinar e vigilância por parte do Estado, a estrita observância do Programa para as Escolas Isoladas de Santa Catarina elaborados para aquele tipo de estabelecimento de ensino, por onde os alunos recebiam atividades matemáticas, notadamente, relacionadas à sua vida cotidiana.
IMIGRANTES ALEMÃES CATÓLICOS EM CURITIBA:
Authors: LOPES LUIS , Véchia Ariclê
Published: October 2021

Este estudo analisa a relação dos imigrantes alemães, que chegaram a Curitiba a partir de meados do século XIX até início do século XX, com a educação. Vindos de regiões nas quais a escolarização fazia parte de sua cultura, estes imigrantes elegeram a educação escolar como instrumento de manutenção e transmissão da língua e da religião de origem, - os dois principais elementos de preservação da identidade étnica/cultural. O problema que guiou o desenvolvimento deste estudo interrogou em que medida a Escola Popular Alemã Católica de Curitiba fundada em 11 de maio de 1896, atual Colégio Bom Jesus, se inseriu no processo de implantação do catolicismo romanizado em Curitiba e, como a cultura escolar ali desenvolvida contribuiu para a concretização de tal objetivo. Dentre as fontes utilizadas, destacam-se o acervo documental disponível no Arquivo Pró-memória do Colégio Bom Jesus e ainda, relatórios do governo do estado do Paraná, a imprensa periódica de Curitiba e bibliografia pertinente. Teórica e metodologicamente a pesquisa se insere na perspectiva da Nova História Cultural, mais especificamente nos estudos relacionados à história das instituições escolares e da cultura escolar. Os resultados apontam que a escola estudada atendia um público específico, em sua maioria filhos de imigrantes alemães católicos, que traziam consigo a preocupação de preservar na nova Pátria a cultura do país de origem. Para tanto, o aprendizado da língua alemã, ao lado do cultivo da religião Católica, segundo seus moldes, eram elementos fundamentais. Assim, nos seus primeiros anos de funcionamento, a instituição caracterizou-se como uma escola étnica, que se inseriu no processo de implantação do catolicismo romanizado em Curitiba, e a cultura escolar nutrida em seu interior colaborou para esse intento.
New employees' interpersonal sensitivity and help-seeking behavior: Fear of negative evaluation and social anxiety as mediators
Authors: Wang Chang , Zhang Yuzhu
Published: October 2021

Little is known about the relationship between interpersonal sensitivity and help-seeking behavior (HSB), especially in the workplace context. We explored the mediating effects of both the fear of negative evaluation (FNE) and social anxiety (SA) in the association between new employees'
interpersonal sensitivity (i.e., an excessive focus on the feelings and behaviors of others) and their HSB. Participants were 636 Chinese employees with 1 year or less of service in the job market. The results show that interpersonal sensitivity was negatively correlated with the HSB of new
employees and that this relationship was mediated by FNE and then SA. Thus, for new employees, interpersonal sensitivity exerts a clearly negative predictive effect on HSB, and we have demonstrated the significant chain mediating effect of FNE and SA.
The elevation of Creatine kinase in acute pancreatitis: a case report
Authors: Sheibani Mehdi , Hajibaratali Bahareh , Yeganegi Houra
Published: October 2021

Creatine Kinase (CK/CK-MB) testing is an essential lab test approaching
patients with chest or epigastric pain. we report a 38-year-old man with
acute pancreatitis and elevated CK/CK-MB level without myocardial
involvement. Acute pancreatitis may be considered as a false positive
cause of CK/CK-MB test in patients presenting with chest pain.
Data-driven modeling of heterogeneous viscoelastic biofilms
Authors: Li Mengfei , Matouš Karel , Nerenberg Robert
Published: October 2021

Biofilms are typically heterogeneous in morphology, structure, and
composition, resulting in non-uniform mechanical properties. The
distribution of mechanical properties, in turn, determines the biofilm
mechanical behavior, such as deformation and detachment. Most past
studies neglected heterogeneity of biofilms. In this study, an
image-based modeling approach was developed to transform two-dimensional
optical coherence tomography biofilm images to a pixel-scale
non-Newtonian viscosity map of the biofilm. The spatial distribution of
non-Newtonian viscosity was applied in an established Oldroyd-B
constitutive model and implemented using the phase-field continuum
approach for the deformation and stress analysis. The heterogeneous
model was able to predict deformations and stresses more accurately than
a homogenous one. This is the first time, to the best of our knowledge,
that an image-based approach is used to map the mechanical heterogeneity
of biofilms for computational studies. It provides an efficient method
to characterize biofilm mechanical behavior.
Wear Comparison of a Plain Toothbrush versus Eleven Commercial Toothbrushes
Authors: BS Natasha Fansiwala
Published: October 2021

Objective: To compare the wear of the Sound Feelings SOFT Plain Toothbrush 47 tuft (flat bristles) versus eleven manual toothbrushes. Methods: Twelve brand-new manual toothbrushes (n = 35 in each group) were used for comparison. Each toothbrush was run on a toothbrushing simulator with a brushing force of 2N for approximately 2 hours to simulate 1 month of toothbrushing (9,333 strokes @ 45° lingual of posterior teeth, 9,333 strokes on the top surface, and 9,333 strokes @ 45° buccal of posterior teeth), using the Bass technique on a quadrant typodont. Wear was measured by wear index and wear rating. The Wear index measures the degree of bristle splaying whereby the bristles spread apart and take on a permanent curvature. Wear rating is a subjective rating scale consisting of a series of four numbers increasing from zero to three. The Olympus SZX16 microscope was used to measure the wear rating then was inputted into a formula and averaged. The subjective wear seen as bristle splay/ curling was also measured and recorded. Comparison of the wear index and wear rating between each manual toothbrush was conducted using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: Wear index and wear rating for all toothbrushes ranged from 0.03 to 0.34 and from 0.57 to 2.06, respectively. There was a significant difference in the wear index between each toothbrush and the Sound Feelings SOFT Plain toothbrush. The difference in the wear rating was significant between the Sound Feelings SOFT Plain toothbrush and all other toothbrushes other than the Reach Advanced Design Soft toothbrush. Conclusion: The Sound Feelings SOFT Plain Toothbrush had the lowest wear rating and index among all the manual toothbrushes tested.
Comparison of Live Bacteria Aerosolization during Removal of Dental Enamel Using a 9.3μm CO2 Laser, a 2.78μm Erbium Laser and a High-Speed Dental Drill
Authors: Badreddine Ali
Published: October 2021

Purpose: To measure the amount of viable pathogens in the aerosol/splatter generated during dental procedures using lasers and high-speed drill. Methods: Three systems were used in this in vitro study: 9.3μm CO2 laser, 2.78μm erbium laser and a high-speed drill. 45 uncleaned human molars were randomly selected to be used for the test groups for the three systems. Bacteria ejected while cutting the buccal or lingual surfaces were collected on tryptic soy agar (TSA) plates in identical conditions for each measurement. On the opposite surface of each tooth, a non-cutting mist spray was applied. Results: The CO2 laser resulted in colony-forming units (CFU) with a mean of 1570 ± 3850 CFU/m3/s, which is statistically different (p < 0.001) relative to both the erbium laser and the drill with a mean of 185,000 ± 182,000 CFU/m3/s and 440,000 ± 496,000 CFU/m3/s, respectively. CFU measured from the non-cutting mist spray on the teeth was higher for the drill than for the lasers. Conclusion: The 9.3μm CO2 laser resulted in the lowest CFU in the aerosol/splatter during enamel removal as compared to that of the 2.78μm erbium laser and the traditional high-speed drill. Furthermore, the CO2 laser was the only system that did not increase aerosolization of bacteria while cutting compared to the non-cutting mist spray.
Resistência de união ao cisalhamento entre a resina composta e dentes artificiais de resina acrílica
Authors: Barbosa Joyce de Figueiredo Meira , Oliveira Lara Pepita de Souza , Bruce Marcelo Nascimento , Oliveira Jonas Alves , Vasconcelos Ligia Regina Mota , de Mello José Antônio Nunes
Published: October 2021

Acrylic denture teeth may suffer fracture or wear requiring the need for repair. This study aimed to evaluate the shear bond strength between acrylic resin artificial teeth restored with composite resin (with two different surface treatments) and acrylic resin (AR), simulating repair with these materials. Thirty artificial incisors were included by the palatal side in a circular microwave-polymerized AR base and polished on their buccal side with 120 and 320 grit sandpaper in a metallographic polisher and, then, divided into three groups: (I) restoration with self-cured AR; (II) conventional restoration with Z-100 composite resin with application of acid etching and Single Bond-3M adhesive; and (III) restoration with Z-100 composite resin with submersion for 30 seconds in acetone and application of Single Bond-3M adhesive. Shear bond strength tests were performed in a Universal Testing Machine (Instron). The results were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey (p<0.05) tests, in which Group I (33.26MPa ±10.76) and Group III (22.24MPa ±13.13) showed no statistically significant difference, but both were superior to Group II (10.31MPa ±5.62), which showed a lower value of shear bond strength. It can be concluded that composite resin restoration with acetone pretreatment can be a viable alternative for repair.
EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH EXPLORATION TECHNOLOGIES IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATIONL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Petrosyan H. , Petrosyan H.
Published: October 2021

The paper represents the formation of professional competence of students by implementing exploratory research technology in vocational educational institutions, as well as the specific algorithm lesson in research training and some models are characterized by the use of learning processes investigation, project methods, problem–based learning algorithms.
FROM LEGAL CULTURE TO “ACME”
Authors: Kakhvalev I.
Published: October 2021

The article represents the significance and priority of legal culture both in the social and individual realization. It reveals all the developmental problems of social and individual consciousness system in the context of legal competence, regarding “ACME” as an integral component.
INDUSTRIAL DESIGN IN ARTISTIC PROJECTING
Authors: Yeghiazaryan A. , Melikyan L.
Published: October 2021

The industrial design, which has got its exclusive actuality, is included in the structure of professional drawing–designing organizations. Professional approach is required in order to define problems and find their solutions. It is obvious that the number of professional artists and designers is supposed to grow among the industrial enterprises. The public–economic importance of the production of the industrial design is setting its requirements for solving variety of problems and its increased sphere of application.
BASIS OF MASS MEDIA
Authors: Abdurahmonova S.
Published: October 2021

The problem of raising the professional level of journalists are represented in the article. The need for analytical programs in the media are mainly stressed by the author. The specific areas of the media in the modern world are identified in the article.
PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ LANGUAGE FEELING ABILITIES IN MODERN CONDITIONS
Authors: Djidjian R. , Aghababyan K.
Published: October 2021

The process of developing the language communication capacity of future high school teachers in the context of language feeling is discussed in the article. Some suggestions for developing the language abilities of future teachers to the extent that hence it should provide successful teaching at a proper level are presented.
MODERN PROBLEMS OF ECOLOGICAL SAFETY AT THE GLOBAL AND NATIONAL LEVELS
Authors: DANIELYAN KARINE , AVANESYAN LYUDMILA , NAZARETYAN ARMINE
Published: October 2021

Currently, the environmental security is considered one of the most important components of the national security and is seen as a collection of natural, social, technical and other conditions for the life quality and life safety of the population, as well as the sustainability of natural ecosystems. Despite the large–scale eco–oriented activity that mankind is launching in the last 30–40 years planetary ecological crisis is increasingly deepened. Modern civilization “has started” processes similar to a chain reaction, and they end with boomerang, coming back in the form of a devastating natural disaster or a direct negative impact on human health. In RA global environmental problems are also reflected, and they are significantly complicated by the extensive use of mineral resources, deforestation, unsustainable use of water resources and do not consider the environmental risks of urban development. It is necessary to activate the reorientation of the human activity (administrative, economic, urban development) on the principles set out in the National Security Strategy of the Republic of Armenia and the outcome document of the UN Conference on Sustainable Development “Rio +20”, “The future we want.”
MAKING­A­TARGET­LANGUAGE­YOURS­BY­THINKING­IN­IT
Authors: MANUKYAN ANI
Published: October 2021

The fact that the knowledge of foreign languages ??contributes to the emotions of a positive and positive business man, as well as changes his worldview, is discussed Niyu does not fall under. This article deals with the research of scientists, who, according to certain foreign languages, think differently than those who do not own them. Moreover, the level of knowledge of a foreign language does not have a meaning, the main thing is general communication in this language. According to the notes, when studying a foreign language, one should not only pay attention to the language and language skills of the language, but also try to come close to the present language of thinking about thinking. This explains the fact that the world view of foreign foreign languages ??is different. The latter are perceived by different world cultures according to ben no mo free. Scientists argue that studying foreign languages ??contributes to the basic understanding of their own culture.
Procedural Safeguards under the European Convention on Human Rights in Public (Administrative) Law Matters
Authors: Sever Tina
Published: October 2021

The effectiveness of procedure is important for parties (e.g. citizens or business entities) to be able to exercise their rights in due time and is a key foundation of the rule of law. A State with an effective legal system provides a business-friendly environment, which is appealing for investments. The State decides on permits, licenses, taxes, etc. by applying administrative procedure. The aim of the paper is to identify and analyse such matters under public (administrative) law at the national level, which – due to their influence on private rights or obligations – fall under the civil or criminal limb of Article 6 of the ECHR and its requirements, as well as the requirements of Article 13. By means of a case study and descriptive-analytical and normative methods, the paper identifies comparatively selected cases and analyses the ECtHR test regarding reasonable time, focusing on overall procedure duration and the awarded compensations. The findings show that the ECtHR does not define reasonable timein abstracto. Therefore, the established violations among the states range from two-year procedures to nine years and more, depending on the circumstances of each individual case. Similarly, there are also variations in terms of compensation awarded.
Assessment of National Program of Learning Regions in Slovakia – Design and Testing
Authors: Kološta Stanislav , Sabelová Lenka , Kráľ Pavol
Published: October 2021

In May 2007, the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic approved the National Program for Learning Regions. It states that the long-term strategic objective for the development of Slovak regions is the gradual reduction of disparities in living standards in regions and to improve regional economic performance. One of the tools for achieving this goal is considered the learning region concept. The main aim of this article is to streamline the presentation and monitoring of the partial progress made in achieving the objectives of the National Program for Learning Regions in the Slovak Republic to policy-makers and to make this relatively complex issue accessible to a wider audience through one aggregated index and two partial indices; the PCA method was used. The results showed relatively large differences between regions. The highest value of the aggregated LR index was reached by the Trnava region, followed by the Bratislava region; these two regions seems to be in accordance with reaching the objectives of the National Program for Learning Regions. The lowest values were found in the Banská Bystrica, Prešov and Košice regions. Moreover, we found a positive correlation between aggregated and economical-innovative indices with average GDP during the years 2008–2014 at the NUTS 3 level.
Potentials of Administrative Procedures as a Participatory Tool within Governance Models in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Kovac Polonca
Published: October 2021

Good public governance requires participative networking to tackle the worst societal problems. Redefined administrative procedure as an instrument that should ensure efficient public policies is one of the key approaches in this respect. The objective of this article is to show, based on qualitative research methods, that in modern public administration, procedure is attributed a much different role than under the traditionalRechtsstaatdoctrine. It has been evolving towards becoming a dialogue tool for the state and the citizens, increasingly recognised in Neo-Weberian and good governance models, also in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Administrative procedure’s modernised codification in CEE countries, grounded in public administration theory, EU and case law, is in this article seen as of the utmost importance to apply in the region to develop its governance capacity. The article addresses said issues and provides a specific outline as to how to systematically and proportionally codify administrative procedural law in this sense on a national scale. The author proposes a concrete, holistic outline to redefine respective codification within contemporary public governance models. This outline incorporates minimum joint fundamental principles, e.g. the right to be heard. Following the principle of proportionality, in addition a more detailed codification is suggested by more formalised proceedings in the case of the collision of legally protected interests. The principles, such as participation, would apply for any administrative acts, resulting from legislative policy-making or single-case decision-making, and judicial reviews thereof alike. Such an approach should ensure a balanced recognition and effective protection of parties and public interest.