bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reflexões sobre o Juramento de Hipócrates no ensino médico em tempos de Inteligência Artificial
Authors: Siqueira José Eduardo , Moraes Rocha Isabella , Hoffmann Vinicius , Xavier e Silva Mariana , Carmello Rocha Lobo Bruno , Almeida Marcio José de
Published: October 2024

No século V a. C. floresceu na Grécia uma escola médica inspirada por Hipócrates, um professor da arte de curar. Essa escola separou a medicina da religião, da magia e afastou as crenças em causas sobrenaturais das doenças. Apesar de estudiosos considerarem isso mais uma lenda do que fato histórico, passados 2000 anos, o personagem é considerado no Ocidente o “pai da medicina”. Alguns dos 72 livros contemporâneos originários dessa escola abordam a ética médica e um deles trata do juramento. Com o desenvolvimento da humanidade, as mudanças sociais e as transformações da medicina, o juramento hipocrático sofreu atualizações e tem várias versões. Algumas são utilizadas em momentos especiais, como a formatura de médicos. Os autores deste ensaio vivenciaram situações em torno do juramento que motivaram reflexões acerca do seu uso no ensino médico, inclusive diante do surgimento da Inteligência Artificial. Será que o Juramento tem ainda lugar no ensino médico?
A importância da reflexão epistemológica no ato pedagógico: os paradigmas pedagógicos face ao relatório da UNESCO sobre os futuros da educação
Authors: Souza Willian
Published: October 2024

Neste ensaio, a importância da reflexão epistemológica no contexto educativo é enfatizada à luz do relatório de 2022 da Comissão Internacional sobre os Futuros da Educação (CIFE) da UNESCO. Argumento que os professores desempenham um papel crucial no desenvolvimento das competências dos alunos, destacando os paradigmas pedagógicos de Trindade & Cosme (2016) como fundamentais para entender e aplicar as sugestões do relatório. Além disso, o ensaio aborda possíveis equívocos epistemológicos em tendências educacionais contemporâneas, como as teorias pós-críticas de currículo e inovações metodológicas relacionadas à tecnologia. Atento aos interesses das lógicas mercantilistas, destaco a importância do paradigma da comunicação para alinhar o discurso às práticas educativas, garantindo que os alunos desenvolvam uma ampla gama de habilidades enquanto são incentivados a seguir seus interesses. A reflexão epistemológica é apresentada como uma ferramenta vital para evitar um ativismo cego e promover um engajamento crítico na educação, em consonância com as ideias de Paulo Freire sobre a transformação do mundo através da educação. No geral, o ensaio destaca a necessidade de equilibrar as abordagens pedagógicas e ressalta a importância da reflexão epistemológica para orientar práticas educativas mais eficazes e significativas.
Mídia e tecnologias digitais no ensino da educação física: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Rodrigues Puchta Diogo
Published: October 2024

O presente trabalho aborda uma revisão de literatura realizada na base de dados do portal de periódicos da CAPES, com o intuito de analisar o que tem sido produzido e publicado nos últimos cinco anos sobre mídia e tecnologias digitais no ensino da Educação Física. Os dados dos 21 artigos selecionados para análise foram ordenados por particularidades e características (Bardin, 1977). O texto foi organizado a partir de três categorias de análise, agrupadas por temas comuns, quais sejam: formação de professores (inicial e continuada); propostas pedagógicas e prática docente; tecnologias digitais, educação física escolar e ensino remoto emergencial. Destaca-se que o trabalho com mídias e tecnologias digitais demanda metodologias específicas, que levem em consideração novas maneiras de ensinar e de aprender. Uma tendência identificada no ensino da Educação Física foi a predominância dos jogos eletrônicos digitais. A maioria das propostas pedagógicas analisadas foram dedicadas à percepção e ao uso dos também denominados exergames. Destaca-se ainda a necessidade de investimentos na formação docente para que as/os professores/as possam fazer bons usos das tecnologias e viabilizar boas práticas de ensino da Educação Física nas escolas.
The Use of an Interdisciplinary Didactic Sequence for Immunology Teaching
Authors: Andrade Silva Wesley , Ribeiro de Oliveira  Dirce
Published: October 2024

An interdisciplinary Didactic Sequence was the strategy used for teaching Immunology in a class in the 2nd year of high school at a state public school in a rural area in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The development of the sequence had the participation of the disciplines of Arts and Portuguese, being divided into five stages, with the application of questionnaires, creation of an immunological domino, making of comics, and textual productions. The research was qualitative-quantitative, with analysis methodologies appropriate to each stage. The results showed that the use of diversified and previously planned activities contributed significantly to students' learning, making them more active, creative, and participatory.
Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenlerinin Göçmen Çocuklar Bağlamında Kapsayıcı Eğitime İlişkin Görüşleri: Swot Analizi
Authors: Kılıçoğlu Gökçe , Yıldırım Damla
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin göçmen öğrenciler bağlamında kapsayıcı eğitime ilişkin görüşlerini belirlemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda sınıflarında daha önce göçmen çocuk bulunan 16 sosyal bilgiler öğretmeninin görüşleri alınmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim (fenomenoloji) deseni kullanılmıştır. Kapsayıcı eğitimin ne olduğu ve SWOT analizinin dört boyutu olan güçlü yönler, zayıf yönler, fırsatlar ve endişeler dikkate alınarak katılımcıların görüşlerini almak için uzman görüşü doğrultusunda bir veri toplama aracı hazırlanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel analiz tekniği kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda sosyal bilgiler öğretmenleri kapsayıcı eğitimi fırsat eşitliği ve bireysel farklılıklar olarak ifade etmişlerdir. Kapsayıcı eğitimin göçmen çocuklar bağlamında sunduğu güçlü yönler ve fırsatlara ilişkin olarak öğretmenler, fırsat eşitliği sunduğunu, bireysel farklılıkları dikkate aldığını ve sosyal becerileri geliştirdiğini belirtmişlerdir. Kapsayıcı eğitimin zayıf ve endişe verici yönlerine ilişkin olarak ise öğretmenlerin verdiği yanıtlar arasında kalabalık sınıflardan kaynaklanan sorunlar, akran zorbalığı ve dil sorunları yer almaktadır. Araştırmada elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda kapsayıcı eğitime yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.
Molecular docking and ADME evaluation of plant-based bioactive molecules targeting nonsense-mediated mRNA decay pathway factors to modulate tumorigenesis
Authors: Majumder Sanjoy , Panigrahi Gagan Kumar
Published: October 2024

Cancer is a global health challenge that requires continuous efforts to discover effective anticancer drugs. Phytochemicals are compounds found in plants that often have medicinal properties. They possess a wide range of bioactive properties, including anticancer activity. Their multiple mechanisms of action in different physiological processes in humans make them promising candidates in the anticancer therapeutics development. The presence of these compounds makes plants valuable resources for traditional medicine and modern pharmaceutical research as well. Natural products from plants and marine sources are being used to find new anticancer agents. In humans, different cellular pathways are involved in the tumorigenesis process. Many studies have shown the role of the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway in the process of tumorigenesis. This NMD pathway is controlled by multiple proteins. In this study, we conducted a molecular docking analysis of 50 phytochemicals against the human NMD factor up-frameshit2 (UPF2) protein. The results of the molecular docking experiment and ADME properties indicate that 4 of these molecules (Genistein, Trihydroxyflavone, Baicalein and Epigallocatechin) have the potential to modulate the NMD pathway. Furthermore, these molecules comply with Lipinski's rule of five. The effects of these 4 phytochemicals may be further evaluated using in vitro and in vivo methods for novel anticancer therapeutic development.
Phylogenetic evaluation and haplotype mapping of phytoplasma disease in sesame: insights into leafhopper-mediated disease transmission through molecular investigation
Authors: Veeramani Sadhana , Govindaraj Srinivasan , Marimuthu Murugan , Mookiah Shanthi , Loganathan Karthiba , Mannu Jayakanthan , Kolanchi Prakash
Published: October 2024

The predominance of leafhopper species like Orosius albicinctus, Hishimonus phycitis, and Amrasca biguttula biguttula indeed poses a significant threat to sesame production in India and globally. This disease is a major challenge for sesame farming, as it can lead to yield reductions of up to 95%. The current study examined phytoplasma and leafhoppers in sesame and analyzed the phylogenetic differences in the phyllody phytoplasma. The identification of both 16Sr group I and group II phytoplasma isolates, along with the discovery of the 16SrI-B group reported for the first time in Tamil Nadu, represents a significant advancement in our understanding of phytoplasma diversity in the region. The utilization of virtual RFLP analysis in sequencing the sesame phyllody phytoplasma highlights the importance of molecular techniques in characterizing the phytoplasma. Leafhoppers in sesame were a co-occurring species complex of O. albicinctus, H. phycitis, and A. bigutulla bigutulla. The leafhoppers were identified using species-specific taxonomical traits, and a mtCOI gene-based genetic study confirmed the species. In disease transmission efficiency studies in the greenhouse, O. albicinctus transmitted phyllody at a rate ranging from 7.8% to 84%, while H. phycitis transmitted phyllody at a rate of 5.2% to 74%. Both of these species showed the highest transmission efficiency in the combination of three insects per plant with five days of acquisition feeding and one day of inoculation feeding. A comprehensive understanding of leafhopper-phytoplasma interactions through molecular studies supports effective monitoring, early detection, and the development of integrated pest management strategies.
The use of an ultrasonic dissection device for the P1 method in prosthetic breast reconstruction
Authors: Lee Min Young , Lee Joo Yeop , Lew Dae Hyun , Song Seung Yong
Published: October 2024

Background The P1 method in prosthetic breast reconstruction has the advantage of preventing rippling and ensuring a smooth upper pole contour. This study presents our experience with using an ultrasonic dissection device instead of a monopolar electrocautery device for the P1 method.Methods Patients who underwent prepectoral breast reconstruction at our institution between June and September 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Among the 39 breasts analyzed, 17 underwent the P1 procedure using an ultrasonic dissection device for the superior slip of the pectoralis major muscle, while 22 underwent P0 prepectoral breast reconstruction. We compared surgical outcomes, including operative time, presence of rippling, capsular contracture, and animation deformities, and complications such as seroma, hematoma, and mastectomy skin flap necrosis.Results Patient demographics were comparable between the groups, except for chemotherapy exposure. Rippling occurred more frequently in the P0 group (36.4% vs. 23.5%); however, capsular contracture was absent in the P1 group. Despite these observations, the differences lacked statistical significance. The average operative time was longer in the P1 group than in the P0 group (104.35 minutes vs. 90.05 minutes), although this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.095). There were no instances of postoperative hematoma, infection, implant exchange, animation deformity, or implant explantation in either group.Conclusions Using an ultrasonic energy device for additional dissection in the P1 method was non-inferior in terms of complications such as bleeding, infection, or animation deformity. The ultrasonic device can facilitate safe and effective dissection when elevating the superior pectoralis muscle slip, despite requiring additional operative time.
Evidence for stability of cardiac troponin T concentrations measured with a high sensitivity TnT test in serum and lithium heparin plasma after six-year storage at −80 °C and multiple freeze-thaw cycles
Authors: Henricks Linda M. , Romijn Fred P.H.T.M. , Cobbaert Christa M.
Published: October 2024

Objectives

As high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) is making the transition from diagnostic to prognostic use, a long-term stability study of 5th generation hs-cTnT according to EFLM CRESS recommendations was set up for investigation of frozen clinical specimens (two matrices).

Methods

Study samples collected in serum tubes and lithium heparin tubes with gel from patients admitted for suspected minor myocardial damage were measured directly after completion of the study (0 years), and after 3-year and 6-year storage at −80 °C, and recovery of hs-cTnT concentrations after long-term storage (%hs-cTnT concentration compared to 0-year) was calculated. Hs-cTnT changes were also compared to decisive delta changes, such as the ones proposed in the ESC NSTEMI 0 h/1 h algorithm (<3 or >5 ng/L for ruling out and ruling in suspected NSTEMI patients).

Results

Eighty-six patients were included in the study, whereof 28 both lithium heparin plasma and serum samples were collected simultaneously, in others only serum (n=30) or plasma (n=28). Multiple aliquots per patient were made, so that 479 serum and 473 plasma samples were available for analysis. Across the overall hs-cTnT measuring range, median recovery after 6 years was 105.4 % and 106.2 % for serum and plasma, respectively. Based on these decisive delta changes, serum showed consistent results upon long term storage (max 0.8 % of samples above delta threshold of >5 ng/L) as compared to heparin plasma (up to 19.2 % of samples above threshold).

Conclusions

Over 6 years of storage at −80 °C, recovery of hs-cTnT in serum and heparin plasma was similar and within common lot-to-lot variation. Yet, when evaluating absolute delta increments around hs-cTnT clinical decision points, long-term stored sera displayed better clinical performance compared to heparin plasma samples.
Optimization and machinability evaluation for WEDM of austempered ductile iron
Authors: Victor Sharun , Bennet Anand Ronald
Published: October 2024

Wire electrical discharge machining (Wire EDM) is a non-contact CNC machining that removes material from a workpiece with electrical sparks. Optimization of parameters involved in wire EDM is essential for better operational economics and energy usage. The major goal and objective of this research are to assess the machining parameters, like surface roughness Ra, material removal rate MRR, and hardness HV by experimental investigation utilizing the wire cut EDM machine and austempered ductile iron (ADI) as the work material. An artificial neural network (ANN) has been employed to create a prediction model using experimental data. The Aquila optimization approach is then used to obtain the ideal operating parameters. With Aquila optimization, the predicted optimum values for MRR, Ra, and Hardness are 3.529 mm3/min, 1.966 µm, and 367 HV, respectively, when the input parameters are pulse ton 16 µs, pulse-toff time toff 14 µs, servo voltage 50 V, and current 3 A. Finally, SEM and 3D roughness analysis have been carried out to study surface morphology and material removal mechanism.
Double-helix singularity and vortex–antivortex annihilation in space-time helical pulses
Authors: Shi Shuai , Wang Ren , Xiong Minhui , Zhou Qinyu , Wang Bing-Zhong , Shen Yijie
Published: October 2024

Topological structures reveal the hidden secrets and beauty in nature, such as the double helix in DNA, whilst, the manipulation of which in physical fields, especially in ultrafast structured light, draw booming attention. Here we introduce a new family of spatiotemporal light fields, i.e. helical pulses, carrying sophisticated double-helix singularities in its electromagnetic topological structures. The helical pulses were solved from Maxwell’s equation as chiral extensions of toroidal light pulses but with controlled angular momentum dependence. We unveil that the double helix singularities can maintain their topological invariance during propagation and the field exhibits paired generation and annihilation of vortices and antivortices in ultrafast space-time, so as to be potential information carriers beating previous conventional vortex structured light.
Artificial Canon
Authors: Geraci Robert M.
Published: October 2024

Widespread concern over threats that pose an existential risk to the entire human species has provoked increasing attention and commitment to religious views of digital technology. These apocalyptic expectations of a glorious new digital world draw on American Christianity and play a visible role in tech culture and public life. The reshaping of traditional religions into new, but parallel, technological religions is characterized by a triple transformation of humanity into machines, machines into gods, and the universe into a cosmic and cosmically meaningful computer.
Protocolo. Segunda sesión: La fenomenología del sufrimiento y la posfenomenología de la agencia. Conferencistas Orlando Ortega Chacón y José Escobar Mejía
Authors: Echeverry Gaviria Santiago
Published: October 2024

Las universidades de la Orinoquía se han convertido progresivamente en una plataforma de desarrollo de la región. Sin embargo, es necesario continuar fortaleciendo las redes académicas que permitan el acceso a una “educación inclusiva y equitativa de calidad [que promueva] oportunidades de aprendizaje permanente para todos en América Latina y el Caribe”[1], éstas constituyen aportes para la comprensión de los problemas del territorio y sus oportunidades. Para tales efectos se busca la consolidación de la red de humanidades de la Orinoquía en la modalidad de Coloquio permanente de ciencias sociales y humanas como respuesta a la necesidad de la región y de la agenda 2030. El Coloquio Permanente de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas es un evento organizado por el Departamento de Humanidades y Formación Integral de la Universidad Santo Tomás seccional Villavicencio con el liderazgo del Grupo de investigación Humanidades digitales, formación y construcción de paz territorial (ÁBA). La presente versión es realizada en alianza con la Universidad de San Buenaventura Bogotá. Un evento dirigido a investigadores, docentes y toda la comunidad académica Nacional e internacional que busca lograr el intercambio de conocimiento y experiencias útiles a los temas propios de las Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, los proyectos de investigación y sus diferentes modalidades.
Protocolo. Tercera sesión :Cultura educación y paz como medios de reconstrucción social. Conferencistas: Carlos Cruz Ayala y Radiel Rodríguez Díaz
Authors: Ospina Sogamoso Jose Vicente
Published: October 2024

Las universidades de la Orinoquía se han convertido progresivamente en una plataforma de desarrollo de la región. Sin embargo, es necesario continuar fortaleciendo las redes académicas que permitan el acceso a una “educación inclusiva y equitativa de calidad [que promueva] oportunidades de aprendizaje permanente para todos en América Latina y el Caribe”[1], éstas constituyen aportes para la comprensión de los problemas del territorio y sus oportunidades. Para tales efectos se busca la consolidación de la red de humanidades de la Orinoquía en la modalidad de Coloquio permanente de ciencias sociales y humanas como respuesta a la necesidad de la región y de la agenda 2030. El Coloquio Permanente de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas es un evento organizado por el Departamento de Humanidades y Formación Integral de la Universidad Santo Tomás seccional Villavicencio con el liderazgo del Grupo de investigación Humanidades digitales, formación y construcción de paz territorial (ÁBA). La presente versión es realizada en alianza con la Universidad de San Buenaventura Bogotá. Un evento dirigido a investigadores, docentes y toda la comunidad académica Nacional e internacional que busca lograr el intercambio de conocimiento y experiencias útiles a los temas propios de las Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, los proyectos de investigación y sus diferentes modalidades.
Sobre la necesidad y posibilidad de la violencia en la conceptualización de la desobediencia civil
Authors: Estévez Henríquez Axel
Published: October 2024

La desobediencia civil es una de las formas de participación política más drásticas y significativas a las que puede acudir un movimiento social para hacer valer sus pretensiones de justicia en la arena pública. Sin embargo, las conceptualizaciones clásicas de la desobediencia civil, en tanto que consideran que el uso de la violencia es radicalmente incompatible con este modo de protesta, han limitado el alcance de este fenómeno exclusivamente al contexto de las democracias occidentales. Así, en este trabajo se pretende analizar la relación entre desobediencia civil y violencia, tratando de determinar en qué contextos y bajo qué circunstancias está justificado el recurso a la violencia por parte del desobediente, argumentando que su justificación depende del sentido de justicia de la mayoría y del tipo de violencia percibida como aceptable en una determinada sociedad. Asimismo, se discute el uso de la violencia por parte de la autoridad política, examinando el papel del castigo y la represión para determinar de qué modo la desobediencia civil, como forma de participación política, debe mostrar fidelidad a la ley.
La aplicación judicial de los valores del artículo 2 TUE: ¿hacia una aplicación autónoma?
Authors: Shipley Gozalo Trajan
Published: October 2024

El artículo 2 TUE establece los valores sobre los que se fundamenta la Unión Europea. Pese a su discutida naturaleza jurídica, el Tribunal de Justicia viene desarrollando jurisprudencialmente esta disposición, consagrando, en ocasiones, la aplicación judicial de los valores de la Unión como mecanismo de último resorte para garantizar su cumplimiento. Este articulo analiza las condiciones en las que tiene lugar dicha aplicación judicial, y en concreto la posibilidad de aplicar el artículo 2 TUE como disposición autónoma y autoejecutable. Para ello, el trabajo examina la naturaleza, contenido e invocabilidad del artículo 2 TUE a la luz de la jurisprudencia reciente del Tribunal de Justicia y del sistema de recursos previsto por los Tratados a fin de determinar si cabe invocar dicha disposición de forma autónoma, así como las condiciones y límites aplicables para ello.
La respuesta de la Unión Europea a la desinformación: rastreo del origen de su carácter securitario
Authors: Girón Esquerdo Ana
Published: October 2024

Tras la anexión de Crimea por Rusia en 2014, la desinformación entra en la agenda política de la Unión Europea como una cuestión de seguridad relativa a la acción exterior. Partiendo de la teoría de la securitización, el presente trabajo analiza el establecimiento de la agenda de la Unión Europea respecto a la desinformación mediante el uso del método de rastreo de procesos. Trata de analizar el origen de un marco interpretativo de seguridad a partir del cual se aborda la desinformación a nivel institucional. Los resultados confirman que la anexión de Crimea ha tenido una influencia significativa en el establecimiento de dicho marco, persistente durante el periodo estudiado y reforzado por un proceso de securitización que eleva la desinformación al nivel de amenaza a través de prácticas discursivas. No obstante, una comprensión más amplia del fenómeno de la desinformación habría suscitado la evolución de las preocupaciones de la Unión.
Religion — politics — nation: transformation of confessional images of the Thirty years’ war (1618–1648)
Authors: Lazareva Arina
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the transformation of confessional images into national ones in German visual journalism during the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648). This is most clearly seen in a unique German monument from the Thirty Years' War era - illustrated single-leaf woodcuts on which images were combined with text below. The engravings of the illustrated single-leaf woodcuts reflected all the most pressing processes and events of the early modern period, including the crisis of religious consciousness and the collapse of the idea of a “universal monarchy” - a single Christian state under the auspices of the Holy Roman Emperor. During the era of the Thirty Years' War, politics could not be imagined without religion, and religious motives were not separated from political ones. The Thirty Years' War, which turned into the first pan-European catastrophe, became a new step in the secularization of consciousness, which contributed to the metamorphosis of political teachings of the 17th century. The Thirty Years' War, which turned into the first pan-European catastrophe, became a new step in the secularization of consciousness, which contributed to the metamorphosis of political teachings of the 17th century. The gap between politics and religion that began at this time was expressed, among other things, in the emergence of the idea of the nation as one of the leading leitmotifs of state development. National consciousness gradually turned into a kind of foundation for politics. During the era of the Thirty Years' War, this was reflected in the interpretation of Christian symbols and confessional images in visual media. In illustrated single-leaf woodcuts, they were increasingly associated with claims to the uniqueness of one’s own nation and the need for state sovereignty. Traditional religious meanings and motives were used to create images of both national heroes and “anti-heroes” - enemies of the state and nation.
"Slovo na pogrebenii chestnyia zheny" by Simeon Polotsky in the context of “exemplary” funeral sermons of the 17th century
Authors: Korzo Margarita
Published: October 2024

The study attempts to investigate sources and the so-called “library resource” or texts that were used by Simeon Polotskij for the funeral sample sermon “Slovo ma pogrebenii chestnyia zheny” (“Sermon for the funeral of an honourable woman”) from sermon’s collection “Vecherya Dushevnaia” (“Spiritual Evening Meal”), 1683. The study confirms existed in the literature disparate observations about the significant commonality of the sources of inspiration and factual material of Simeon’s sermon collections and his poetic encyclopaedia “Vertograd mnogotsvetnyi” (“A Garden of Many Flowers”; poetry sources identified by Anthony Hippisley); in particular, that in both cases Simeon used Latin collections of annual sermons by Bavarian Jesuit Matthias Faber (1586(87)–1653). The study analyses techniques of translation and transposition of the Latin text used by Simeon; notes errors made in the process of working with Faber's sermon that distort the attribution of certain quotations; identifies cases of Simeon's use of Latin winged phrases. The analysis of genry features of Simeon’ “Slova ma pogrebenii chestnyia zheny” in the context of the funeral sample sermons for women in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 17th C. (homiletic collections by Protestant theologian Samuel Dambrowski, 1577–1625, and Polish Jesuit Aleksander Lorencowicz, 1609–1675) showed that the preachers’ funeral sample sermons were often universal and could be used for both “women’s” and “men’s” sermons, depending on the situation.
Indirect charitable assistance to Russia from American and Russian organisations and individuals
Authors: Tarelko Vladislav
Published: October 2024

In the article has been attempted to consider the history of distant relief from the American and Russian organizations and individuals in favor of Russian disadvantaged children and orphans, sick and wounded Russian soldiers during the World War I. At the moment, in the Russian and American historiography, humanitarian cooperation between Russia and the United States is presented very fragmentally and haphazardly, and this topic has not received the deserved attention of researchers at all. Consequently, the author has identified the following purpose of this article – to summarize and expand the available material about the American and Russian relief and humanitarian assistance, to identify the features, forms and instruments of its activities, as well as to draw a general conclusion about the scale and benefits of the aforementioned assistance to Russia during the European war. The article was written on the basis of materials from the American and Russian periodicals, published documents and archive sources stored in the funds of The Russian State Historical Archive, the Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, the Russian State Archive of the Navy. As a result, the author concluded that this assistance was of a national coverage and was expressed by both temporary and permanent American relief organizations. Russian organizations, which were under the auspices of Russian diplomatic authorities in the United States, set goal to collect funds through various entertainment events. Nevertheless, these donations took a small part in solving the problem of shortage of sanitary property. In general, both sides engaged in charitable activities not only out of a sense of compassion and a sincere desire to provide all possible assistance, but also within the framework of public diplomacy aimed at creating a favorable image of their country and stimulating friendly relations between Russia and the United States.
“The Skilful Word” by priest A. V. Anisimov: from the history of the Russian spiritual mission in Jerusalem in the latter half of the 1880s
Authors: Tsys Valeriy , Tsys Olga
Published: October 2024

The article characterises the educational activities of the visiting employee of the Russian Spiritual Mission in Jerusalem, priest Alexander Vasilyevich Anisimov in 1887–1889. It describes the main facts of his biography and shows that prior to his appointment to Jerusalem he had had close contacts with the Holy Land as a pilgrim and spiritual writer. The position of a visiting employee established on the initiative and with financial support of the Orthodox Palestine Society, was associated with the need to accompany Russian pilgrims during their trips to Holy Places, to hold cultural and educational lectures (Palestinian readings) in Russian houses in evening time. A. V. Anisimov, who worked under the direct supervision and in collaboration with the head of the Russian Ecclesiastical Mission, Archimandrite Antonin (Kapustin), successfully coped with his responsibilities and gained love and respect of pilgrims. The readings were devoted to regular Christian holidays, the Sacred history of the Old and New Testaments, the history of the Russian Orthodox Church, various spiritual and moral issues, and were accompanied by a demonstration of pictures and choral singing. The obstacles to the continuation of A. V. Anisimov’s work included health problems, his desire to go beyond the boundaries of his duties, confl icts with the Greek clergy of Jerusalem Patriarchate. It is concluded that A. V. Anisimov’s activities laid the foundation for the Palestine Readings, which at that time were a new form of work and by the mid-20th century gradually transformed into a mass phenomenon, involving millions of Orthodox people throughout Russia.
World War I: Yekaterinburg committee of the Red Cross in the rear and at the front
Authors: Levina Irina
Published: October 2024

On May 16, 2024, the Sverdlovsk regional branch of the Russian Red Cross turned 147 years old, whose main goal has always been to prevent and alleviate the suffering of people in various situations, both at the front and in the rear, selflessly and sparing no effort in responding to any challenges of the time. This publication presents materials revealing the activities of the Yekaterinburg Committee of the Russian Red Cross Society during the First World War (1914–1918). During the war, both at the front and in the rear, the Yekaterinburg Committee of the Red Cross held many events to assist various groups of the population affected by the hostilities: opening hospitals for the wounded, raising funds for their maintenance, providing humanitarian assistance to families of soldiers and forced refugees. One of the most important directions in the work of the Yekaterinburg Committee of the Red Cross was the mass training of nurses.Ural medical workers, who were members of the Russian Red Cross Society, went to the front, among whom were German Sokratovich Myshkin, Claudia Andreevna Myshkina-Beloborodova, Vasily Konstantinovich Shamarin, Valentina Nikolaevna Diomidovskaya, Dmitry Vasilyevich Hirin and others. Of particular interest is the work of the Ural doctor K. A. Beloborodova in the floating typhoid hospital of the Russian Red Cross "Petrograd".
PERSONALIZAÇÃO, CONCENTRAÇÃO, CENTRALIZAÇÃO E INFRA-INSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃO DA POLÍTICA EM ANGOLA
Authors: de Fragoso Vidal Nuno
Published: October 2024

O processo de personalização de poder político em Angola é debatido, aqui, como estando intrinsicamente relacionado a um processo acentuado e inabalável de concentração de poder e centralização administrativa desde a implementação do Estado independente. Uma concentração profunda de poder e centralização nas mãos da Presidência e do Presidente da República encobriu uma crescente personalização de poder e um processo de infra-institucionalização, por onde a política efetiva operava a coberto das instituições.
First records of Procellaria cinerea Gmelin, 1789 and Pachyptila vittata (Forster, 1977) from the state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil (Aves, Procellariiformes)
Authors: Chupil Henrique , Hurtado Renata , Marcondes Schreiner Thais , Valiati Victor Hugo
Published: October 2024

Procellaria cinerea Gmelin, 1789 and Pachyptila vittata (Forster, 1977) are considered vagrants in Brazil, with very few documented records in the country. Here, we present the ﬁrst documented records of these species from the state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. Morphometrics, post-mortem examinations, and a genetic analysis allowed us to identify the species, reproductive status, cause of death, and sex of the specimens.
Fertile Crossroads: Elites and Exchange in the Southern Levant's Early Iron Age
Authors: Malena Sarah
Published: October 2024

The southern Levant linked the major powers of the ancient Near East. More often than not, peoples of this land were politically and economically dominated by greater kingdoms and empires. During the transition between the Iron I and II Ages (late eleventh to early ninth centuries BCE) however, imperial occupation and active colonization diminished, and local leadership emerged. Fertile Crossroads examines how, despite the lack of large-scale institutional support throughout the ancient world, small-scale leaders persisted in long-distance interactions and established the foundations for Iron Age polities. Malena critically examines the most direct evidence of these developments with the aid of historical and anthropological approaches regarding intercultural interaction and social change. Despite challenging disparity among historical, literary, and archaeological sources, Fertile Crossroads demonstrates that interactions (including diplomacy, commerce, competitive emulation, and aggression) were taking place within the southern Levant and with more distant neighbors, such as Egypt, Arabia, Phoenicia, Cyprus, and even the Aegean. In this new application of interaction models and synthesis of evidence, Malena shows how small-scale exchange had a significant impact on socio-political changes in the region, especially involving shifts in elite networks, territories, group identities, and political power.
Common category organization in bilingual Spanish-English adults
Authors: Hough Monica , Perara Jackeline , Sencion Giselle , Swartz Maya
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the present study was to examine differences in categorization between Spanish and English in bilingual adults. Participants were asked to generate as many examples as possible within 2 minutes for four common categories. Number of items produced, and category structure relative to typicality for each category, was analyzed in 25 simultaneous Spanish-English bilingual participants between the ages of 18–65. Performance between the two languages was evaluated relative to several variables that may contribute to language use differences between languages in bilingual persons. Results revealed there were significant differences in the number of items produced in English versus Spanish for all four categories, with participants producing significantly more items in English than Spanish. There were no significant differences in mean typicality ratings between English and Spanish for three of the four categories. However, for the category ‘vegetables’, participant responses showed a remarkably lower mean typicality rating in English versus Spanish. Correlation analyses revealed negative relationships between education level and typicality data for both languages. However, age and time spent in the United States was significantly correlated, but only for Spanish data. Thus, the current findings support the idea that the way information is organized relative to categorization is individualized, linked to the bilingual individual’s language environment.
Sandra Sherman: Fresh from the Past: recipes and revelations from Moll Flanders’ kitchen
Authors: Jaine Tom
Published: October 2024

Sandra Sherman: Fresh from the Past: recipes and revelations from Moll Flanders’ kitchen, with recipes interpreted by Henry and Karen Chotkowski: Taylor Trade Publishing, Lanham, Maryland, 2004: ISBN 158979088X; 387 pp., colour illus., hardback $28.95, £18.95.
John Thacker: The Art of Cookery (1758)
Authors: Jaine Tom
Published: October 2024

John Thacker: The Art of Cookery (1758), facsimile edition, with an introduction by Ivan Day: Southover Press, 2005: ISBN 1870962206: 400pp., harback, £25.
Chapter I
Authors: Al-Karīm Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan Ibn
Published: October 2024

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Chapter IV
Authors: Al-Karīm Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan Ibn
Published: October 2024

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Quality parameters during deep frying of avocado oil and extra-virgin olive oil
Authors: Flores Marcos , Vergara Claudia , Toledo-Aquino Tamar , Ortiz-Viedma Jaime , Barros-Velázquez Jorge
Published: October 2024

Avocado oil has a good thermal stability. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the behavior when hydrolysis is involved with oxidation processes. This study demonstrated potential for deep frying process of avocado oil. The behavior of cold-pressed olive oil and avocado oil in a domestic frying process with natural potatoes was studied. Both oils were subjected to successive frying cycles and the following chemical properties were analyzed: degree of acidity, peroxide value, p-anisidine value, total oxidation (TOTOX) value, polar compounds, total phenolic content, Fourier-transform infrared spectra with attenuated total reflectance, and fatty acid profile. A gradual increase was observed in the degree of acidity, p-anisidine, TOTOX, polar compounds but a decrease in total phenolic content during deep-frying period for both oils. It was determined that avocado oil and olive oil take 10 and 13 days of frying cycles, respectively, to reach the limit value of 25% for polar compounds. It was demonstrated that both vegetable oils are suitable for domestic frying processes, enduring a high number of deep-frying cycles before reaching the limit of polar compounds established by health regulations, despite the generation of oxidation and hydrolysis processes.
INFLUENCE OF FILLER SIZE ON THE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF THE POLYMER MATRIX
Authors: Pidkovynska U. , Savchenko V.
Published: October 2024

Purpose. The aim of the study is to investigate the influence of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) particle size on the mechanical properties of a polymer composite with added chopped glass fiber, as well as to explore the interaction between aluminum oxide particles and chopped glass fiber.
Research methods. Specimens were tested for tensile strength according to DSTU EN ISO 527-5:2018. Testing was conducted using an MTS Criterion Model 43 universal testing machine with a maximum load of 50 kN. Metallographic analysis was performed using a KEYENCE VHX microscope at magnifications of 50× and 500×. The microstructure of the polymer matrix was determined on unetched samples. Scanning electron microscopy was carried out using a JEOL JSM-5510LV microscope.
Results. The influence of introducing different sizes of aluminum oxide fraction on the polymer matrix was studied. It was found that with an increase in the fraction size, the strength of the polymer composition decreases. Additionally, the interaction between chopped glass fiber and various fractions of aluminum oxide on the mechanical characteristics and morphology of the connection with the polymer composition was investigated.
Scientific novelty. The interaction of chopped fiber with aluminum oxide fractions may affect the mechanical properties of the composite, such as strength, stiffness, and elasticity. Investigation of the morphology of the connection between chopped fiber and aluminum oxide fractions can help understand how they interact within the composite structure. This includes analyzing the adhesion between components, the structure of junctions, and possible defects that may arise during the manufacturing process. Studying this interaction opens up opportunities for the development of new composite materials with improved properties and diverse applications in industry, construction, aviation, automotive, and other fields.
Practical value. The practical significance lies in refining manufacturing technologies and implementing new materials in industry. The ability to control the mechanical properties of composites by changing the size of aluminum oxide fractions can contribute to the creation of more efficient materials for the production of automobiles, aircraft, building constructions, and more. Additionally, understanding the interaction between chopped glass fiber and aluminum oxide fractions may open up new possibilities for developing composites with unique mechanical characteristics that meet the requirements of modern technologies and industrial production.
QUALITY ASSURANCE OF PARTS MADE OF NYLON OBTAINED BY FUSED DEPOSITION MODELING
Authors: Tumarchenko L. , Vyshnepolskyi Y.
Published: October 2024

Purpose. A comprehensive study of the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) process parameters influence on the surface roughness of parts.
Research methods. The samples for research were produced by the FDM method on a Profi+midi 3D printer. Slic3rPE software were used for CAD model slicing and G-code preparation. The samples were printed using Nylon filament from the Plexiwire company. Drying of the material before printing was carried out in the ELEKTROTERM electric furnace. The 171621 profilometer was used to determine the roughness of the samples. The STATISTICA software package was used for statistical processing of the results.
Results. The influence of different combinations of FDM process parameters on the surface roughness of parts was examined. Surface roughness was found to be most influenced by the following interactions: printing speed and bed temperature, layer height and infill density, layer height and printing speed, layer height and extrusion multiplier, extrusion multiplier and number of shells and layer height and number of solid top and bottom layers . In addition, the following factors separately affect the roughness: infill density, infill pattern, extrusion multiplier and extrusion temperature.
Scientific novelty. A rational combination of FDM process parameters has been determined at which the minimum surface roughness is achieved. Thus, it was determined that the roughness has a lower value at a rectilinear infill pattern, and at a infill density of 25 %, an extrusion multiplier of 0.9, an extruder temperature of 265 °C, a printing speed of           40 mm/s, a layer height of 0.15 mm, a number of solid layers of 2 and a platform temperature of 100 °C, the roughness value decreases. If the bed temperature and printing speed are increased, the roughness value will increase, as will the layer height and infill density. Increasing the extrusion multiplier or decreasing the extruder temperature have a negative impact on the surface roughness. All other parameters had almost no effect on surface roughness.
Practical value. The results of the study make it possible to predict and improve the quality of nylon parts produced by FDM due to establishing optimal process conditions.
DIAGNOSIS OF ROLLING BEARING DEFECTS BASED ON WAVELET ANALYSIS
Authors: Dubrovin V. , Deineha L. , Pavlenko K. , Tarasova Yu. , Fedoronchak T.
Published: October 2024

Purpose. Development and improvement of a method for analyzing vibration signals from rolling bearings based on wavelet analysis for the detection and identification of equipment defects.
Research methods. Wavelet analysis was employed for processing vibration signals from rolling bearings. Threshold wavelet filtering was applied to highlight weak impulse components in the signals, and Morlet wavelet was used to ensure effective filtration.
Results. The research results indicate that the proposed method, utilizing wavelet filtering, enhances the speed and reliability of vibration diagnostics for bearings. This allows for the efficient extraction of characteristic frequencies associated with various types of rolling bearing defects.
In comparison with other signal analysis methods, the use of the developed method based on continuous wavelet analysis has proven to be particularly effective in extracting characteristic diagnostic frequencies. This method not only allows for the identification of specific types of defects in rolling bearings but also ensures universality, enabling its successful application for analyzing other types of non-stationary signals.
Experimental studies have confirmed the high efficiency of the developed method, especially in the early stages of defect development. The application of this method is evident not only in its ability to effectively highlight the characteristic frequencies of bearings but also in its capacity to conduct signal analysis for the identification of equipment defects as a whole. This makes the proposed method a promising and versatile tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of the condition of technical systems.
Scientific novelty. Application of the proposed method for processing vibration signals from rolling bearings based on wavelet analysis to improve the effectiveness of defect detection and identification in equipment.
Practical value. The developed method can be applied in the industrial sector for the analysis and diagnostics of rolling bearings in equipment. It enables the timely detection of defects, reduces the risk of equipment failure, and lowers operational maintenance costs. Thus, this method has practical value in enhancing the reliability and productivity of industrial equipment.