bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educación y patrimonio: Población Obrero Ferroviaria: Programas Educativos en poblaciones patrimoniales
Authors:   , Garrido Morales Mauricio Leonardo
Published: November 2024

El carácter nómada que Francoise Choay asigna al concepto patrimonio, sustenta la dinamización y expansión que la esfera ha vivido a lo largo del siglo XX y las primeras décadas del siglo XXI, incorporando nuevos actores y percepciones a través de las cuales se han generado diversos procesos de valoración, salvaguardia, reinvindicacion, conservación y transmisión de acervos patrimoniales históricamente marginados, que hoy se posicionan en el variopinto universo del patrimonio. La Población Obrero Ferroviaria es un referente de estos procesos de reivindicación patrimonial, pues bajo esfuerzos comunitarios este polígono ha logrado hoy establecerse como la primera Zona Típica de la comuna de San Bernardo. Estas acciones de reivindicación histórica, social y cultural, plantean amplios desafíos que esta investigación aborda desde la perspectiva educativa, estableciendo un plan de educación patrimonial para docentes, a través del cual fortalecer intergeneracionalmente el sentido de identidad y pertenencia local, ampliando y robusteciendo los proceso de transmisión y difusión de un patrimonio representativo de las clases obreras del siglo XX chileno, esto desde los lineamientos de la educación constructivista.
Museo Comunitario de Zapahuira: "camino a nuestros gentiles": resignificación y conflicto en el Patrimonio Indígena: tensiones entre la comunidad de Zapahuira y el desarrollo estatal en torno a la preservación del Qhapaq Ñan tras su reconocimiento como Patrimonio Mundial, región de Arica y Parinacota
Authors:   , Ibáñez Quispe Edgar Mauricio
Published: November 2024

Los Gentilares es la forma local andina mestiza para nombrar los antiguos asentamientos en que descansan nuestros antepasados, abuelos o gentiles, y por tanto los consideramos sitios ancestrales de profundo respeto. Según Choque (2008), la población indígena andina denominó “gentiles” a todos aquellos que vivieron antes de la llegada del cristianismo, siendo ellos los primeros habitantes de los andes.Durante el año 2022, el Ministerio de Obras Públicas ejecutó un proyecto de mejoramiento vial para la ruta internacional 11-Ch, generando una afectación integral al sitio ancestral y sus componentes arqueológicos.Por tanto, esta investigación busca aproximarnos a las valoraciones simbólicas y tradicionales que la comunidad de Zapahuira mantiene con su territorio, expresadas a través de su ritualidad, creencias, y costumbres. A partir de esto, se desarrolla una propuesta de Museo Comunnitario que permita poner en valor su patrimonio ancestral, en base a sus propias narrativas y dinámicas culturales.
Anillo Verde Humedales de Valdivia: movilidad sensible frente a la fragmentación del paisaje
Authors:   , Fuenzalida Plaza Matías Ignacio
Published: November 2024

Los humedales son sistemas naturales frágiles que poco a poco han sido revalorizados desde el campo de la ecología y la arquitectura del paisaje en las últimas décadas, protegiéndolos del acelerado crecimiento urbano, pero que siguen siendo amenazados por diversas variantes antrópicas que los degradan y mecanismos que los fragmentan. (Farina, 2016; Forman R. T., Road Ecology, 2002; Mitsch & Gosselink, 2015) Entre estas amenazas se encuentran las infraestructuras viales como agentes de disección de estos paisajes y potenciadoras de una tipología de movilidad que opaca el entorno en que son construidas. (Farina, 2016; Forman R. T., 2014)En el contexto de la ciudad de Valdivia, caracterizada por una gran presencia de humedales y un crecimiento urbano acelerado, el diseño vial no ha contemplado la importancia y los aportes ecológicos, culturales y experienciales que entregan los humedales. Esto es evidenciado en el diseño de vialidades que atraviesan y fragmentan, principalmente a partir de rellenos y desde una tipología de movilidad enfocada en el desplazamiento motorizado eficiente y a grandes velocidades.Como consecuencia, se dividen, disminuyen y degradan estos sistemas, sus aportes ecosistémicos; además, se mantienen alejados de la ciudadanía. La circunvalación vial de la ciudad es un caso que evidencia un gran diseño fragmentador al afectar a 12 sistemas de humedales urbanos, produciendo accesos a estos, pero sin integrarlos y quedando como remanentes de la urbanidad. Sin embargo, las infraestructuras viales que fragmentan los humedales pueden ser consideradas como una herramienta base para la valorización y conservación de estos, recuperando sus cualidades afectadas e integrándolos en un sistema de conectividad ecológica, cultural y sensible desde un proyecto arquitectónico. En el caso de la ciudad de Valdivia, se propone la creación de un anillo verde inscrito sobre la circunvalación periférica existente que invite a las personas a recorrer y experimentar los humedales y la ciudad impulsando sus sentidos y sensibilidad.
Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Requiring Pharmacological Management: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Prabhu Prathima , Shah Anisha Gala , Surapaneni Tarakeswari , Bodulla Raman
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), a common medical complication of pregnancy, is an independent risk factor for obstetric complications and adverse perinatal outcomes. Insulin has been the treatment modality for many years. Recent studies indicate that metformin, an oral hypoglycaemic agent, may be a safe and effective alternative. Aim: To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of metformin and insulin in managing glycaemic control, and assessing maternal and newborn outcomes among women diagnosed with GDM. Materials and Methods: The present prospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics, Fernandez Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, from December 2020 to November 2021. The study population included women attending antenatal check-ups after meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Those who failed to respond to lifestyle modifications were started on either metformin or insulin as per the attending physician’s advice. A total of 369 pregnant women were included in the study. Parameters such as weight gain during pregnancy, need for additional pharmacologic treatment, maternal hypoglycaemia, onset of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy (HDP), gestational age at delivery, mode of delivery and neonatal details such as birth weight, occurrence of Large for Gestational Age (LGA), Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity and Respiration (APGAR) score, birth injuries, neonatal hypoglycaemia, hyperbilirubinemia, respiratory distress, and neonates requiring Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) admissions were recorded. Data were subjected to statistical analysis. Analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 22.0. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among the study population, 338 (91.6%) patients were on metformin, while 31 (8.40%) patients were on insulin. The metformin group exhibited good glycaemic control, whereas those on insulin had inadequate glycaemic control (p-value<0.001), a higher incidence of LGA babies (p-value=0.038) and more infants requiring phototherapy (p-value=0.022). Conclusion: The metformin group demonstrated effective control regarding both Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) levels and postprandial blood glucose levels. Conversely, the group receiving insulin treatment exhibited a higher prevalence of neonates born LGA, a greater need for phototherapy, and inadequate maternal glycaemic control.
The Impact of Gender-inclusive Practices on Solid Waste Management in Household Economic
Authors: S.O Lawal, , H.O Sawyer,
Published: November 2024

Effective solid waste management is vital for sustainable development, influencing environmental quality, public health, and economic stability. However, the sector faces challenges such as inefficient collection, inadequate disposal, limited job opportunities, and gender inequality. This study examines the impact of gender-inclusive practices and employment on the efficiency and effectiveness of solid waste management, focusing on household economic outcomes. Conducted across three metropolitan Nigerian cities—Osogbo, Ilorin, and Ibadan—the study used a descriptive cross-sectional survey to collect both qualitative and quantitative data. Field surveys, stakeholder consultations, and a structured questionnaire were employed to gather primary data from 122 respondents, selected through stratified random sampling. Quantitative data analysis revealed that 59% of respondents reported positive impacts of gender-inclusive practices on waste management efficiency and effectiveness. Additionally, gender-based employment showed significant economic benefits for households, with 20.5% of waste collectors reporting positive economic impacts. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) indicated statistically significant improvements in efficiency and effectiveness metrics for gender-inclusive practices, with efficiency rates reaching 85% and effectiveness rates at 80% among groups implementing these practices (F = 6.2, p = 0.01). Recyclers showed the highest rate of gender-inclusive policy adoption (50%), contributing to improved operational outcomes. Qualitative insights from stakeholder consultations highlighted the importance of training and equal access to decision-making roles, particularly for female waste workers, who made up 51.6% of the sample. Many respondents noted that gender inclusion improved job satisfaction, community engagement, and work consistency. The study concludes that gender-inclusive practices enhance both operational performance and household economic stability, underscoring the need for targeted policies that support gender equality in the waste management sector. The findings contribute to the literature on gender equity in waste management and offer practical recommendations for policymakers aiming to foster sustainable, inclusive practices.
Determination of Different Dimensions of Student Creativity Development Programme at UPA PKK Gorontalo State University, Indonesia
Authors: Jetriani  , Hamim Udin , Nani Yacob Noho
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the dimensions of Tangible, Emphaty, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance in the quality of public services of the student creativity development programme at the Academic Support Unit for Career Development and Entrepreneurship (UPA PKK) Gorontalo State University. This research uses a qualitative research approach. The data obtained includes primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques in this research are observation, interview, and documentation. The results showed that: (1) the Tangible dimension shows that the appearance of employees has not shown a professional appearance in serving, the comfort and completeness of the place of service has not given a good and adequate impression, (2) Emphaty shows that employees already have good attention in providing services but not maximally (3) Reliability shows that employees have not shown optimally or reliability in the use of technology and information system services, (4) Responsiveness shows that employees have been responsive in providing services but not yet effective, (5) Assurance shows that employees have provided guarantees in excellent service.
Cardiac Effects of Combined Lead Exposure and Chronic Restraint Stress: Alterations in Biomarkers and Myocardial Health
Authors: Owolabi Gbenga Opeyemi , Osinloye Omorolade Oluwatobi , Adejumo Ridwanullahi , Fayemi Ibukunoluwa Victor , Ajike Richard Adedamola
Published: November 2024

Lead is a toxic metal and an environmental pollutant that has been associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases while restraint stress is a psychological stress model that can also potentially induce deleterious effects on cardiac functions. The aim of this study is to investigate the cardiac effects of acute lead acetate administration and restraint stress exposure in female Wistar rats. Twenty-four (24) female Wistar rats weighing 180 - 240 grams were randomly divided into four (4) groups (n=6): Control (CTL), Restraint stress alone (RSA), Lead acetate alone (LDA), Lead + Restraint stress (LRS). The duration of the study was 21 days. The LDA group were orally administered 100mg/kg of lead acetate, the RSA group were restrained for 1 hour daily and the LRS were administered lead acetate and restrained for 1 hour daily. Twenty-four hours post last lead administration and restraint exposure, the animals were anesthetized and the electrocardiograph (ECG) of the animals were measured. Thereafter, all animal was sacrificed. Blood was collected via cardiac puncture for biochemical analysis. Results showed altered cardiac conductivity including blood pressure, ECG (heart rate, P-wave, QRS complex) in the animals. Serum creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and troponin I (TnI) levels were significantly increased (p<0.05) in RSA and LDA groups when compared with control indicating myocardial damage. The LRS group showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in CK, LDH and cTnI levels when compared with control, lead alone and restraint alone groups. In conclusion, this study showed that exposure to restraint stress and lead has a deleterious effect on cardiovascular function of female Wistar rats.
Determinants of Cloud Computing Adoption Amongst SMEs in the UK Technology Sector
Authors: Enonuya Omagbemi Toritsemotse , Paul Igwe, Chijioke , Yirenkyiwaa Ntow, Rebecca , Peter Igwe, Ejikeme
Published: November 2024

Cloud computing has become a transformative technological model for businesses, offering flexibility, scalability, and cost-effectiveness. However, the embracing of cloud solutions amongst small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), particularly in the UK technology sector, has been varied. This research aims to identify and examine the significant determinants influencing cloud computing adoption among SMEs in this dynamic industry. Grounded in the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, the study employed a quantitative methodology, surveying 102 SMEs across software development, IT services, and emerging technologies. The findings revealed that technological factors (IT infrastructure compatibility, technical skills), organizational factors (top management support, financial resources, employee readiness), and environmental factors (competitive pressures, industry practices) significantly influenced cloud adoption decisions. Notably, organizational factors emerged as the strongest predictor, followed by technological factors, while environmental factors had a weaker but significant impact. The regression model states that 59% of the variance in cloud adoption is explained. The study provided insights into the evolving priorities and shifts in factor importance between early and later cloud adopters. Recommendations are offered for SMEs, cloud providers, policymakers, and industry bodies to facilitate successful cloud migration journeys for technology SMEs in the UK. This research contributes to the understanding of the factors driving the adoption of cloud computing.
Non-Linear Models for Tree Aboveground Biomass and Volume Estimation in Agoi-Ibami Forest Reserve, Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: S. E Bassey, , S. Ajayi,
Published: November 2024

Tree biomass and volume estimation based on allometric equations is a widely used non-destructive technique for estimating biomass, sequestered carbon, and volume worldwide. Non-linear models for the biomass and volume of individual trees in Nigeria's Cross River State's Agoi-Ibami Forest Reserve were fitted and validated in this study. In this study, two parallel lines transect of 1500 meters in length, separated by 500 meters, were established using the systematic line transects sampling method. Along each transect, ten sample plots, each measuring 50 m by 50 m, were placed alternately at 100 m intervals. Twenty sample plots in all were thus marked for the study. The estimation of biomass using a non-destructive method was used. To calculate the aboveground green biomass for each, the diameter at breast height and total height were employed. Agoi-Ibami Forest Reserve had a total value of 391N ha-1 for number of stem per hectare, 14 tree families, mean dbh of 26.04cm, height of 15.9m, and basal area of 50.21m2ha-1. Conversion factors were used to estimate stand biomass, carbon sink, and sequestered carbon dioxide (CO2). Non-linear models were fitted for volume and aboveground biomass estimation in the study area. All of the models were evaluated and validated using some assessment statistical criteria and residual graphs, and models with good fit were suggested for use. Curve Expert Software was used for the development of the non-linear regression models. According to the assessment criteria, the forest reserve's best non-linear volume and aboveground biomass models were the Ratkowsky, Weibull, and Logistic models. Fitted models should therefore be employed for the forest reserve's efficient and successful management.
Innovative Approaches in Pet Food Preference Methodology: Developing a Comprehensive Assessment Framework
Authors: Kumar Rishav , Goswami Meena , Pathak Vikas , Singh Amit
Published: November 2024

This report offers a comprehensive guide on the utilization of a structured performa for assessing pet food preferences and owner perceptions. Developed by the Department of Livestock Product Technology at the College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, DUVASU, Mathura, the performa enables systematic data collection and robust analysis. This paper details the performa's components, its application in field studies, and the methodologies for interpreting the results, thereby enhancing the rigor and depth of pet food research. Through this guide, researchers can achieve more accurate insights into pet food preferences, leading to improved nutritional products and informed decision-making in the pet food industry.
Optimization of Extraction Conditions of Polyphenols and Flavonoids from Olax subscorpioidea leaves, a Medicinal Plant Traditionally Used in Korhogo (Cote d’ivoire)
Authors: François KOUAKOU Yeboué Koffi , Yves KOUAME Yao , Aka MIEZAN Bilé , Isabelle YEO Yellee , Abdoulaye TOURE , Félix YAPI Houphouët
Published: November 2024

Secondary metabolites, including polyphenols and flavonoids, play a key role in the expression of the active principles of several medicinal plants from Côte d'Ivoire, such as Olax subscorpioidea Oliv. This study was initiated to help improve conditions for extracting polyphenols and flavonoids from Olax subscorpioidea Oliv leaves harvested in Korhogo. Experimental design methodology was used. The effect of four independent variables on polyphenol and flavonoid content was evaluated: extraction time (12h-24h), evaporation temperature (45°C - 55°C), plant material-solvent ratio (1/20 g/mL - 1/5 g/mL) and ethanol proportion (20% - 100%). The Central Composite Design (CCD) was used to optimize responses after factor screening using the Plackett and Burman design. Optimum extraction conditions were obtained with an ethanolic proportion of 88.29% and 17g of Olax subscorpioidea Oliv leaves dissolved in 100 mL ethanol. The experimental values (96.31 ± 5.29 mg Eq AG/g for polyphenols and 62.44 ± 4.58 mg Eq Q/g) were close to those expected (94.51 mg Eq AG/g for polyphenols and 58.22 mg Eq Q/g for flavonoids), confirming the relevance of the mathematical model used and the success of the response surface methodology in optimizing the extraction conditions of the system studied. These results show that by taking extraction conditions into account in this preliminary study, we can optimize the quantities of secondary metabolites of therapeutic interest.
Phytochemical and Biochemichal Profile of Raw Extracts and Oil from Curcuma longa Rhyzomes Grown in Diabo (Côte d'Ivoire)
Authors: François KOUAKOU Yeboué Koffi , Yves KOUAME Yao , Marius LEBRY , Noel KOUAME Kouassi , Etienne TIA Vama , Félix YAPI Houphouët
Published: November 2024

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical and biochemichal profile of Curcuma longa grown in Diabo, central Côte d'Ivoire.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry-Genetics, Unit for Training and Research in Biological Sciences, Peleforo University GON COULIBALY Korhogo, BP 1328 Korhogo; The first part of this study was carried out from April 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023; the second part was conducted from March 01, 2024 to July 31, 2024.
Methodology: Several phytochemical tests based on colorimetric reactions were used to perform qualitative and quantitative analyses of polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins. To characterize the oil and crude extracts, the indices of iodine and refractive as well as pH and Brix were determined.
Results: The results show the presence of several secondary metabolites in the crude extracts, including polyphenols (53.1 ± 2.08 mg Eq AG/g extract), flavonoids (2.7 ± 0.22 mg Eq AG/g) and catechic tannins (9.1 ± 0.7 mg Eq C/g) in variable quantities. Biochemical analyses showed a pH close to neutral (pH = 6.68). The Brix value (23.20 ± 0.26 min), shows that Curcuma longa extracts, in particular EHCL, contain several soluble solids such as reducing sugars, acids, salts, pectins and nitrogenous matter. As far as the oil is concerned, the iodine value obtained was 84.1 ± 0.1 g I2 /100 g fat; this high value is close to 100 g. The refractive index was 1.52 ± 0.61.
Conclusion: Phytochemical and biochemical characteristics show that Curcuma longa rhizomes could have interesting pharmacological potential.
Participatory Communication for Environmental Conservation: A Case Study of ‘Dhauladhar Cleaners’ in Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Kharwar Krishna , Katoch Ajayant , Katoch Archna , Sharma Tarun
Published: November 2024

Participatory communication serves as an effective tool to promote community engagement for environmental sustainability and the wellbeing of future generations. Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh's first smart city and a favorite Himalayan destination for tourists, is facing significant challenges including solid waste accumulation, sewage issues, landslides, cloudbursts, global warming, altered monsoon pattern and climate change. This research investigates into the communication strategies employed by an environmental conservation volunteer group named Dhauladhar Cleaners, focusing on their efforts to engage the community in preserving and cleaning the environment through an inclusive approach in the Indru Nag area of Dharamshala city, situated in the Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh, India. The group conducts clean-up drives under the motto “If Mountains have POLLUTION we have a SOLUTION,” which reflects their dedication to addressing environmental degradation. Using a mixed-methods research approach incorporating participant observation, secondary data analysis and survey research, this study shows that through participatory communication, Dhauladhar Cleaners have effectively raised awareness and induced behavioral change among community members. These changes contribute to enhancing waste management practices, reducing the effects of climate change, and ultimately promoting sustainable development. The present study provides valuable insights for the implementation of effective participatory communication strategies involving grassroots level organizations like Dhauladhar Cleaners, as essential components of realizing the vision of ‘Swachh Himachal Swasth Himachal’ (Clean Himachal, Healthy Himachal). Further, the research also emphasizes the need for construction of waste treatment facilities in the state to comprehensively address the issue of waste disposal.
Establishment of In vitro Regeneration Protocol of Aegle marmelos (L.): A Sacred Medicinal Tree
Authors: YG Wagh , AR Aher , VP Chimote , AA Kale , VM Jambhale
Published: November 2024

Bael (Aegle marmelos L.) is an important medicinal tree and sacred tree species of the Hindu religion. This study aimed to develop an efficient in vitro regeneration protocol for Bael, to overcome challenges in large-scale propagation due to low seed germination. For the regeneration study, the different explants such as the nodal segments and shoot tips were used for the proliferation of the explant with MS medium, however, only the nodal segment showed positive results. To avoid the browning of the media the explants were kept in distilled water for 60 minutes and then sterilized. The maximum survival of explants (93.33%) and less contamination percentage (6.67%) was observed when explants were washed and treated with 0.1% Tween-20 concentration for 15 minutes + 0.1% bavistin and 0.05% streptocycline treatment for 25 minutes and finally 70% ethanol treatment for 30 seconds. Different hormonal combinations viz. BAP alone, BAP + IAA, and Kinetin + IAA were used to initiate shooting. Among all eighteen treatments, the BAP 2.5 mg/l showed a maximum number of shoots per explant (8.33 ± 2.88), the highest shoot initiation (93.33%), and the earliest initiation (30 ± 5.25 days). For shoot multiplication 2.5 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA showed maximum shoots per explant (28.00 ± 5.08) and fastest shoot proliferation. The regenerated multiple shoots were separated from each other and transferred to half MS media with IBA of different concentrations for rooting. Among the six different treatments only two treatments viz. ½ MS media + 1.0 mg/l IBA and ½ MS media + 1.5 mg/l IBA recorded best root length. For primary hardening the rooted plants were planted in vermicompost: sand: soil at 1:1:2 proportion and then after one and half months survived plants were again transferred to soil: organic manure (2:1) for secondary hardening.
Genetic Analysis of Key Traits for Sheath Blight Resistance and Yield Improvement in Rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: Srihari Gorige , Badri Jyothi , Krishnaveni B , Prakasam V , Jamedar Harsha VR , Sundaram RM
Published: November 2024

Rice (Oryza sativa) is a staple crop for more than half of the global population, with significant production in India. However, rice production suffers yield losses of 25-30% due to diseases, particularly sheath blight (ShB), caused by Rhizoctonia solani. This study evaluated genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance in ShB resistance and yield-related traits in 360 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) across two seasons (dry season of 2022-23 and wet season of 2023) at ICAR-IIRR, Hyderabad. Traits such as plant height, lesion height, relative lesion height, and panicle number showed high heritability (>80%) and genetic advance (>30%), indicating their strong genetic influence and responsiveness to selection. These traits, especially relative lesion height, were identified as key indicators for breeding ShB resistance. In contrast, grain yield under inoculated conditions showed lower heritability, reflecting environmental effects and suggesting that indirect selection through stable, heritable traits may be more effective. This research offers a foundation for breeding high-yielding, disease-resistant rice cultivars, advancing sustainability in ShB-prone regions by maintaining stable yields even under pathogen pressure.
Incidence of Banana Pseudostem Weevil, Odoiporous longicollis Olivier (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Major Banana Growing Districts of Northern Karnataka, India
Authors: Hosamani Venkatesh , Venkateshalu  , Y.K Kotikal, , P.M Gangadharappa, , D. R Patil , M. S Lokesh , S.H Ramanagouda, , B. Doddabasappa
Published: November 2024

A roving survey during 2020-21 was undertaken in different banana growing districts of Northern Karnataka to study the prevalence and the magnitude of the infestation of the banana pseudostem weevil, O.longicollis and to know the varietal reaction and preference to the banana pseudostem weevil. Observations of the survey revealed that the districts - wise mean percent infestation varied from 3.73 in Belagavi to 15.35 in Vijayanagar district. The maximum mean percent infestation was recorded in Vijayanagar (15.35) and Kalaburgi (14.67) districts. This was followed by the lowest infestation in Belagavi (3.73) district. The mean per cent infestation varied from 2.50 in the Rajapuri variety to 22.53 in the Sugandhi cultivar across the varieties in different districts. In respect to varieties, Sugandhi banana recorded the maximum level of infestation (22.53) followed by Red banana (22.00), whereas, Elakki recorded 12.53 and 11.33 mean percent infestation in Vijayanagar and Uttara Kannada districts. Grand-Naine was cultivated in all the districts, while redbanana, Sugandhi and Sakkare bale were cultivated only in Kalaburgi and Vijayanagar districts. The mean damage grade index of banana pseudostem weevil across seven varieties in seven districts of North Karnataka revealed highest damage grade index in redbanana (0.98) at Kalaburgi followed by Sugandhi (0.75) in Vijayanagar district. There were statistically significant differences in percent infestation among seven varieties and also among seven districts. Hence, the study highlighted the infestation of banana pseudostem weevil varied in North Karnataka based on the variety, cultivation practices and geographical location.
Experimental Investigation on Combustion Characteristics of LHR and Conventional Engines Using Tobacco and Cotton Seed Methyl Ester Blend
Authors: Baswaraj D , Murthy P V Krishna , Lakshmi K Prasanna
Published: November 2024

This study presents an experimental investigation into the combustion characteristics of Tobacco Seed Oil Methyl Ester (TSOME), Cotton Seed Oil Methyl Ester (CSOME) and its blend (TCOME) as alternatives fuel in both conventional and Low Heat Rejection (LHR) engines. The LHR engine, integrating thermal barrier Ni90 insert is inserted on piston crown to enhance combustion efficiency by reducing heat loss. The work focuses on comparing key combustion parameters such as in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate (HRR) for TSOME, CSOME and its blend in both engines across varying load conditions. The experimental results indicate that both biodiesel fuels and its blend demonstrate good combustion characteristics near to conventional diesel. The LHR engine with blend outperformed compare to the conventional engine of higher peak pressures and heat releasing rate compared to CSOME and TSOME. Peak inside cylinder pressure and heat releasing rate occurred for both engines at 80% of load, for LHR engine peak pressure is 10% high and similarly heat releasing rate is 13% high compare to conventional engine. The present work suggests that the combination of LHR engine with blend of TSOME and CSOME offer a viable solution for improving engine combustion efficiency while reducing consumption of conventional fuels.
Preliminary Analysis of the Feeding Habits of Two Species of the Genera Mobula, Mobula japanica (Müller & Henle, 1841) and Mobula tarapacana (Philippi, 1892) in the Coastal Waters of Côte d’Ivoire, Gulf of Guinea
Authors: Koné Losseyni , Konan Kouadio Justin , Kouamé Kouassi Yves Narcisse , N’Gouan Koua Clément , Yao Kouakou
Published: November 2024

Mobulids are filter feeders, particularly vulnerable to overexploitation due to their late sexual maturation and low fertility. However, knowledge of their biology remains limited, requiring sub-regional and international cooperation to ensure their preservation. This study provides baseline information on the feeding habits of Mobula japonica and Mobula tarapacana using data on stomach contents. Specimens were sampled from the small–scale driftnet fishery operating along the coast of Côte d’Ivoire between March 2020 and April 2022. Diet was described using the Prey-Specific Index of Relative Importance (%PSIRI) combining occurrence, numerical and weight percentages. A total of 215 M. tarapacana and 210 M. japanica ranging in sizes of 154–371 cm DW and 80–369 cm DW were examined, respectively. The large number of empty stomachs for M. japanica (71.43%) and M. tarapacana (73.02%) may be the result of using hooks, which cause high stress resulting in stomach regurgitation. Mobula japanica and M. tarapacana consumed mainly commonly abundant crustaceans such as Sergestes atlanticus and euphausiid Pseudeuphausia latiffrons, accounting for 95% and 71.13% of the diet, respectively. However, diet of M. tarapacana was more diverse, including crabs, algae of the genus Sargassum, teleost fishes, molluscs and insects. Analysis of Costello diagram showed that both species are specialist predators, although M. japanica has a more restricted niche. The Morisita-Horn similarity showed no significant changes in diet according fish sizes and marine seasons.
Kill la Kill: Monsters and tradition in their ways of life
Authors: Berezagá Gastón Alberto
Published: November 2024

Anime is an artistic-communicational language produced primarily by and for Japan, and can serve as "an open window into Japanese identity, a glimpse –not necessarily into reality– but into the aspirations, dreams, nightmares, fantasies and fetishes of a culture" (Frederik Schodt).
After World War II, with the U.S. occupation of Japan and the bombing of Nagasaki and Hiroshima, a literary tendency is gestated on this traumatic scenario that relates adult failure, the destruction of the world and the survival of a group of young people impregnated with imported ideals linked to freedom and democracy, in a context in which tradition failed but did not disappear.
Kill la Kill is an animated production that can be labeled in this trend: it introduces an extraterrestrial creature called Life Fiber, which has contributed to the development of humanity and now threatens to destroy it; a group of young people must fight it from different ideological fronts, except that the invader will also be an ally.
This paper will analyze the thematic relations that occur in the encounter between humans and 'life fibers', starting from epistemological coordinates coming from posthumanist and transhumanist philosophy (Monica Cragnolini, Donna Haraway, Giorgio Agamben) and the representations constructed from the category of 'monster' (Julia Kristeva, Robin Wood, Jefrey Cohen), that plurisignificant figure related to 'the other', characterized as different and that must be annihilated or assimilated. Who is the monster and in what way should it be confronted?
Linear Artificial Muscle Based on Ionic Electroactive Polymer: A Rational Design for Open‐Air and Vacuum Actuation
Authors: Fannir Adelyne , Temmer Rauno , Nguyen Giao T. M. , Cadiergues Laurent , Laurent Elisabeth , Madden John D. W. , Vidal Frederic , Plesse Cedric
Published: December 2018

The development of linear muscle‐like actuators remains a key objective in the field of electroactive polymers (EAPs). While ionic EAPs are promising technologies to develop biomimetic artificial muscles, their reliance on liquid electrolytes for operation typically restricts them to use in bending devices. Seldom have ionic linear actuators been demonstrated in air, and never in vacuum. Here both are demonstrated. A rational approach supported by a theoretical model is described to identify the general conditions allowing the design of ionic actuators with intrinsically linear deformations. The model highlights that linear deformation can occur by combining two electroactive electrodes with different mechanical and/or electromechanical properties. Where previous work on laminated actuators resulted in bending only, here it is shown that by combining one soft and one stiff electrode, or one highly expanding electrode, and the other minimally deforming electrode, 0.55% linear strain is achieved when activated with 2 V. Best combination of electrodes is selected based on electromechanical model predictions. Single actuator fibers are fabricated for experimental validation. Graded force up to 0.18 N has been achieved by bundling together five linear actuators. The resulting artificial muscles operate in open‐air, and also under high vacuum conditions, opening possibilities for space applications.
Mechanical Insights into Aggregation‐Induced Delayed Fluorescence Materials with Anti‐Kasha Behavior
Authors: Guo Jingjing , Fan Jianzhong , Lin Lili , Zeng Jiajie , Liu Hao , Wang Chuan‐Kui , Zhao Zujin , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: December 2018

Organic materials with aggregation‐induced delayed fluorescence (AIDF) have exhibited impressive merits for improving electroluminescence efficiency and decreasing efficiency roll‐off of nondoped organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, the lack of comprehensive insights into the underlying mechanism may impede further development and application of AIDF materials. Herein, AIDF materials consisting of benzoyl serving as an electron acceptor, and phenoxazine and fluorene derivatives as electron donors are reported. They display greatly enhanced fluorescence with increased delayed component upon aggregate formation. Experimental and theoretical investigations reveal that this AIDF phenomenon can be rationally ascribed to the suppression of internal conversion and the promotion of intersystem crossing in solid. Moreover, the theoretical calculations disclose that the efficient solid‐state delayed fluorescence originates from the higher energy electronic excited state (e.g., S2) rather than the lowest energy‐excited state (S1), demonstrating an anti‐Kasha behavior. The excellent AIDF property allows high exciton utilization and thus superb performance of OLEDs using these new materials as light‐emitting layers.
Electrocatalysts for PEM Fuel Cells
Authors: Ioroi Tsutomu , Siroma Zyun , Yamazaki Shin‐ichi , Yasuda Kazuaki
Published: December 2018

Degradation phenomena of electrocatalysts for proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells and their mechanisms are reviewed. Platinum dissolution and redeposition, carbon‐support corrosion, inhomogeneity during start‐up and cell reversal are discussed as factors that influence the degradation of electrocatalysts with relation to electrode potential. Early research findings at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan, are mainly used as a basis of discussion. The development of highly durable electrocatalysts using an oxide support based on the results of degradation studies to suppress electrocatalyst degradation is summarized with a main focus on Pt‐deposited Ti4O7catalysts developed at AIST. The development of high‐CO‐concentration durable anode electrocatalysts is also reviewed. In particular, an electrocatalyst that uses an organic complex as a co‐electrocatalyst with a platinum ruthenium alloy anode electrocatalyst developed at AIST is included as a novel high‐CO‐concentration durable anode electrocatalyst.
Ethical issues in susceptibility genetic testing for late‐onset neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Manrique de Lara Amaranta , Soto‐Gómez Liliana , Núñez‐Acosta Elisa , Saruwatari‐Zavala Garbiñe , Rentería Miguel E.
Published: December 2018

Genome‐wide association studies have revolutionized our understanding of the genetic architecture of complex traits and diseases over the last decade. This knowledge is enabling clinicians, researchers, and direct‐to‐consumer genetics companies to conduct disease susceptibility testing based on powerful methods such as polygenic risk scoring. However, these technologies raise a set of complex ethical, legal, social, and policy considerations. Here we review and discuss a series of ethical dilemmas associated with susceptibility genetic testing for the two most common late‐onset neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, including testing in asymptomatic individuals. Among others, these include informed consent, disclosure of results and unexpected findings, mandatory screening, privacy and confidentiality, and stigma and genetic discrimination. Importantly, appropriate counseling is a deciding factor for the ethical soundness of genetic testing, which poses a challenge for the regulation of these tests and the training of healthcare professionals. As genetic knowledge about these diseases continues growing and genetic testing becomes more widespread, it is increasingly important to raise awareness among researchers, medical practitioners, genetic counselors, and decision makers about the ethical, legal, and social issues associated with genetic testing for polygenic diseases.
The influence of aging on consumer decision‐making
Authors: Drolet Aimee , Jiang Li , Pour Mohammad Aylar , Davis Cassandra
Published: December 2018

The worldwide phenomenon of population aging has generated increasing interest among consumer researchers in understanding the complicated influence of aging on consumer mental processes and behavior. This article reviews significant changes due to aging in sensory functioning, cognition, and affect and motivation on consumer decision‐making. Whereas some age‐related changes have negative effects on the quality of decision processes and outcomes, others have positive effects. The current review demonstrates the importance of using different approaches to address the needs and well‐being of older consumers versus younger consumers.
Evaluation of a side‐by‐side, full‐scale conversion to biological filtration
Authors: Bassett Stetson S. , Nieminski Eva C. , Stevens David K.
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate water quality and operational trends of a side‐by‐side, full‐scale biofiltration conversion. Four filters at a water treatment plant, treating low turbidity and low total organic carbon water, were monitored for one year. One filter was a prechlorinated control, and the other three were biofilters. One was a standard biofilter, one had chlorinated backwash, and the third was supplemented with nutrients. Slightly higher concentrations of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (175–2,300 ng ATP/cm3) and extracellular polymeric substances (0.00–0.08 mg glucose/g total solids) were found in the biofilters compared with the control. Total trihalomethanes and haloacetic acid were lower in the biofilters relative to the control (60 and 30%, respectively). Conversion to biological filtration resulted in slightly higher (0.019 ntu) and more variable (0.013 ntu) effluent turbidity, but filter run volumes were unaffected. At the conclusion of the study, a decision was made to convert all the filters in the plant to biofilters.
Wissenschafts‐ und Technikhistoriker/‐innen als Zeitenfresser
Authors: Trischler Helmuth
Published: December 2018

Historians of Science and Technology as Time‐eaters. Historians for long mainly focussed on the last couple of millenia. Recently, they have reached out to colonize different temporal worlds. While Deep History seeks to get a better understanding of the development of anatomically modern humans and their culture, Big History integrates cosmological, geological and human temporalities to develop new narratives on the big picture. Hence, historians are time‐eaters. They share their foremost prey, however, with other disciplines such as anthropology and archaeology, paleontology and primatology, linguistics and molecular genetics, with which they collaborate and at the same time compete when reaching out for new temporal concepts such as the Anthropocene. This article understands the both rich and controversial debate on the Anthropocene, the epoch of the humans, as a positive provocation. For historians of science and technology, it offers a welcome opportunity to critically re‐assess their established sets of narratives by interlinking geological and human time‐scales. Newly developed terms such as the “technosphere” and the “technocene” force them to (1) re‐think their concept of technology, (2) better integrate history of technology and environmental history, and (3) replace linear temporalities by layered models of historical change.
Gehirnausstülpungen. Zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte intellektueller Arbeit
Authors: Wimmer Mario
Published: December 2018

Cerebral Protuberances. Towards a History of Intellectual Work. In this paper, I unfold the implications of Warburg's notion of “cerebral protuberance” (German: “Gehirnhirnausstülpung”) for a historical epistemology of intellectual work and material imagination. Attention to the penultimate character of conceptual language, I argue, allows for an analysis of unconscious aspects in the process of knowledge formation. Revisiting Gaston Bachelard's conception of historical epistemology in the age of neuroplasticity, I suggest to attend to the reverberations between history of science and intellectual history in order to arrive at a better understanding of the exteriority of intellectual activity and the importance of affect in scientific and scholarly production.
Die Zukunft der Wissen/schaft/sgeschichten
Authors: Nickelsen Kärin
Published: December 2018

The Future of the Histories of Science and Knowledge. This essay addresses the relationship between the history of science and the history of knowledge, particularly in view of the situation in Germany. This relationship has become a controversial issue, culminating in the suggestion that the history of science suffers of irremediable shortcomings and, hence, ought to be replaced by the less problematic history of knowledge. The essay raises doubt in this analysis, while a more comprehensive discussion will be presented in a special issue on this topic, to be published in this journal next year.
Kritische Interventionen in den Lebenswissenschaften – (k)eine Aufgabe für die Wissenschaftsgeschichte?
Authors: Lipphardt Veronika
Published: December 2018

Critical Interventions in the Life Sciences – not a Task for the History of Science? This brief paper asks whether historians of science – along with scholars from Science and Technology Studies – should intervene if, in their research, they come across ethically and societally problematic behavior of scientists. I discuss whether and how interventions can be made in such a case that go beyond publishing scholarly articles. In contrast to Nicholas Rose, who claims that determinism and reductionism are no longer driving forces in the life sciences and that scholars from history of science and STS should hence form new relationships with life scientists, I hold that such a general understanding of ‘life scientists’ is at odds with the reality of scientific communities. The challenge is rather to find those colleagues in the life sciences who agree with our criticism. At the same time, such discipline‐crossing collaborative interventions need to carefully watch out for responsible communication in all directions.
Kontrapunktische Reflexionsarbeit in der Nische
Authors: Möllmann Christopher
Published: December 2018

A Plea for Contrapuntal Work of Reflection in a Niche. This essay traces a still highly influential little ‘Sattelzeit’ in the historiography of science and humanities that occurred more than two decades ago. It expounds some of the problems that have been arising from the disciplinary diffusion of scientific‐historical research agendas and the boom of a history of knowledge. It is sceptical of new forms of positivism and argues amongst other things for more critical genealogies of contemporary discursive hegemonies, in‐depth studies of the fluctuating cultural authority of modern science, and a new reflection on the specific traits of a genuinely scientific‐historical imagination.
Wissen und Wissenschaftsgeschichte
Authors: Steinle Friedrich
Published: December 2018

Knowledge and the History of Science. This essay asks how the object of history of knowledge could be delineated so as to keep it distinct from the history of science (that has always dealt with knowledge) and, at the same time, to keep it specific enough not to turn into a general history of all human activities. By way of discussing the type of knowledge we could call ‘scientific’, and arguing that history of science should take an integrative approach, I propose that a history of knowledge should focus on generalizing accounts taken in most various domains and cultures.