bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Atificial intellegence sebagai kebutuhan perpustakaan pada era teknologi informasi
Authors: Saputra Khairani Nispy , Ilhami Hamidi
Published: June 2024

Teknologi informasi membawa perubahan yang signifikan terhadap kebiasan masyarakat dalam mencari informasi, maka perpustakaan dapat menggunakan teknologi informasi dalam meningkatkan layanannya. Kebutuhan akan layanan yang berbasis teknologi seperti Artificial Intellegence menjadi pilihan dalam meningkatkan layanan di perpustakaan. Akan tetapi perpustakaan tidak dapat menerapkan AI jika dalam persiapan akan hal tersebut tidak diusahakan. Menjadi penting jika dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk dilakukan pendalaman penelitian terkait layanan apa saja yang dapat diterapkan dengan AI di perpustakaan kemudian hal apa saja yang perlu dipersiapkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan dengan menganalisis dari hasil-hasil penelitian terdahulu, lalu membacanya kemudian mencatat poin penting yang memang relevan dengan penelitian, setelah itu menghimpunnya menjadi data pendukung dari penelitian. Hasil yang ditemukan dari penelitian ini yaitu bidang-bidang AI yang dapat diterapkan di perpustakaan, seperti pengenalan bahasa alami, visi komputer, pengenalan percakapan, dan robotika. Adapun persiapan dari perpustakaan itu sendiri dalam menerapkan AI dapat dengan mengalokasikan biaya, memperhatikan pengguna perpustakaan, memperhatikan komponen-komponen perangkat keras dan lunak, kemudian dibantu dengan jaringan yang memadai. Ketersediaan teknologi informasi ini tidak menutup kemungkinan perpustakaan memiliki potensi untuk terus berkembang secara dinamis dan akhirnya Artificial Intellegence dapat diterapkan di perpustakaan.
Non-invasive and continuous monitoring of cerebral blood flow as a parameter for neurological deterioration in acute brain injury
Authors: Park Soo-Hyun , Kim Tae Jung , Ha Eun Jin , Cho Won Sang , Kang Hyun-Seung , Kim Jung Eun , Ko Sang-Bae
Published: June 2024

Background: Monitoring the cerebral blood flow (CBF) is crucial when caring for patients in neurological intensive care units (NICU). Changes in CBF, either due to hypo- or hyperperfusion, have been associated with neurological deterioration. By using a non-invasive continuous CBF monitor, we aimed to assess whether cerebral flow index (CFI) fluctuations could correlate with neurological deterioration.Methods: We prospectively collected data from patients with acute brain injury (subarachnoid hemorrhage [SAH], Moyamoya disease [MMD], and ischemic stroke), who were at a high risk for CBF disturbance between May 2017 and June 2019. Non-invasive CBF measurements were performed in the bilateral prefrontal cortex using a c-FLOW device. Continuous CBF was assessed using CFI. The delta value and percent change in the CFI were compared between patients with and without neurological deterioration. Results: A total of 45 patients (mean age, 51.6 years; male, 48.9%) were included in our analysis (SAH, 13; MMD, 17; ischemic stroke,15). The mean monitoring duration was approximately 52 hours. Nine patients (20.0%) had neurologic worsening during c-FLOW monitoring in NICU. The delta value (median, 10.4; interquartile range [IQR], 3.9–14.3 vs. median, 3.4; IQR, 2.5–5.6; P=0.008) and percent change in CFI (28.5% vs. 9.0%, P<0.001) was significantly higher in groups with neurological deterioration. In two patients with neurological deterioration, no CFI change was observed because aggravation of cerebral perfusion occurred outside the area of CFI monitoring.Conclusion: Continuous non-invasive CBF monitoring with c-FLOW may be useful for patients with acute brain injury at high risk for CBF alterations.
The impact of interpersonal relationships on mental health of Polish medical students
Authors: Limanówka Piotr , Kuca Julia , Laska Julia , Łacwik Julia , Szczuraszyk Aleksandra , Kasperczyk Janusz
Published: June 2024

Wstęp

Relacje międzyludzkie znacząco wpływają na nasze samopoczucie i zdrowie psychiczne. Są one również kluczowe wśród studentów, zwłaszcza gdy zaczynają żyć niezależnie w nowym środowisku społecznym. Badanie miało na celu określenie wpływu relacji na występowanie depresji, lęku i senności wśród studentów medycyny w Polsce.

Materiał i metody

Utworzono kwestionariusz online, składający się z czterech części: autorskiego kwestionariusza na temat relacji międzyludzkich, Skali depresji Becka (Beck Depression Inventory – BDI), Kwestionariusza lęku uogólnionego (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale – GAD-7) oraz Skali senności Epwortha (Epworth Sleepiness Scale – ESS). Wyniki zostały przeanalizowane z użyciem oprogramowania STATISTICA.

Wyniki

Uzyskano 2339 wypełnionych kwestionariuszy. 69,75% badanych miało dobre/raczej dobre relacje ze współlokatorami, a 5,04% – złe/zdecydowanie złe. 85% uczestników miało dobre relacje z rodzicami. 65,63% respondentów było zadowolonych ze swoich relacji społecznych, dodatkowo 71,91% badanych było usatysfakcjonowanych z relacji ze swoimi przyjaciółmi. Złe relacje z rodziną i współlokatorami oraz słabe relacje społeczne i przyjacielskie były powiązane z wyższym poziomem depresji, lęku i senności. Zjawisko to było szczególnie widoczne wśród osób introwertycznych.

Wnioski

Identyfikacja czynników ryzyka może znacznie poprawić zapobieganie, diagnozowanie i leczenie zaburzeń psychicznych w tej grupie. Zaleca się wspieranie studentów i zwracanie większej uwagi na zdobywanie przez nich kompetencji społecznych na równi z wiedzą medyczną.
La lógica estratégica de la proliferación nuclear. Una aproximación teórica
Authors: Lahoz Casas Daniel
Published: June 2024

Desde los bombardeos de Hiroshima y Nagasaki en 1945, la proliferación nuclear ha sido un fenómeno cargado de controversia. Mientras que algunos le atribuyen un efecto pacificador, otros, más pesimistas, enfatizan su potencial catastrófico. El presente artículo se propone aportar luz al estudio de las dinámicas estratégicas que rodean este fenómeno a través de un desglose de sus componentes clave y de una exploración de las motivaciones que empujan a los Estados a obtener armas nucleares. Ya que se sostiene que la probabilidad de proliferar para un Estado está determinada en gran medida por la interacción estratégica con sus adversarios, se recurre a la Teoría de juegos, en particular a los modelos de “dilema del prisionero” y “caza del ciervo”, para discutir sobre las tendencias que pueden conducir hacia un escenario de proliferación extendida o bien hacia una desnuclearización coordinada.
Efficacy of 2, 4-D Sodium Salt 80% WP on Weeds, Productivity and Economics of rabi Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Kumar Shivam , Sanodiya Pratik
Published: June 2024

Rabi maize is affected by three types of weed species mainly broad-leaf weeds in eastern pockets of Uttar Pradesh and causes grain and stover yields loss in higher amount. Therefore present study was carried out to find the most effective dose of 2, 4-D Sodium salt 80% WP on killing of braod-leaf weeds. A field investigation was conducted during Rabi season of (2021) at Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, to study the efficacy of 2, 4-D Sodium salt 80% WP on weeds, productivity and economics of rabi maize (Zea mays L.). 2, 4-D Sodium salt 80% WP 1250 g/ha at 25 DAS recorded lesser weed density and weed dry weight of Physalis minima, Chenopodium album, Parthenium hysterophorus and Cichorium intybus at 45 DAS as compared to other doses of 2, 4-D. Number of cobs, number of grains, number of grains/ row, seed index in comparison were superior in 2, 4-D Sodium salt 80% WP 1250 g/ha at 25 DAS with improved grain and stover yields and higher monetary returns during the study.
The Factors Affecting Orchard Fruit Farming in Hau Giang Province, Vietnam
Authors: Phong Le Thanh , Minh Vo Quang
Published: June 2024

Background: Currently, the production and consumption of fruit products in Hau Giang Province face numerous challenges. These include low-lying soil and the use of disease-infected cultivars. Moreover, farmers in the region rarely utilize organic fertilizers or implement soil improvement techniques, resulting in a gradual decline in soil fertility. Additionally, orchard fruit farmers’ investment and care practices are primarily based on traditional methods and customs rather than following recommended technical processes. As a result, this study aims to examine the factors that can impact the farming activities of orchard fruits in Hau Giang Province, Vietnam. Methods: Using stratification and random sampling, the study was conducted in four districts and one city in Hau Giang from January 2020 to March 2022. The survey included 150 orchards, with five different fruit varieties represented in the four districts and the city. Each area had a sub-sample of 30 orchards, including Sanh orange, Xoan orange, sugar mandarin, green peel pomelo and Cat Hoa Loc mango. Data was collected through direct interviews with farmers using prepared questionnaires. The data was then analyzed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression analysis. Result: The management labor, farming experience, fruit yield and product selling price can predict statistically significant income. In the farmer’s opinion, product consumption was an important issue that farmers considered. With the desire to find a stable market for orchard fruit products, farmers want to change their trees. One crucial issue that requires attention is the structuring of orchard fruit production with connections between farmers and enterprises to stabilize the income in fruit farming.
Impact of Chia (Salvia hispanica) Seeds Extract on Ehrlich Ascites Model Induced Kidney Toxicity in Female Mice
Authors: Hasan Ahmed Flayyih , Hameed Haneen Mushtaq , Hadid Mustafa Attiyah , Tousson Ehab
Published: June 2024

Background: Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) is an undifferentiated carcinoma of the breast that was initially hyperdiploid, 100% malignantand had a short life span. It also had a high transplantability rate, no recurrence and rapid dissemination. Methods: Therefore, our study designed to assess the potential ameliorative ability of Chia (Salvia hispanica) seeds extract (CSE) on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) induced kidney toxicity and tissue damage in mice. Forty female Swiss albino mice in all were split equally into four teams (Gp1, control; Gp2, CSE; Gp3, EAC; Gp4, EAC+CSE). Result: Current results revealed that; EAC induced elevated in the levels of serum urea, creatinine, potassium ions, chloride ions, renal tissue injury and a significant depletion in serum sodium ions, calcium ions as compared to normal control. In addition to EAC induced variable pathological changes in glomeruli and renal tubules as a marked renal damage, marked degeneration in renal tissues, moderate glomerular atrophyand marked cellular infiltration. Treatment of EAC with CSE (EAC+CSE) improved kidney functions and structure against EAC; where depletion take place in the levels of serum urea, creatinine, potassium ions, chloride ions and elevation in the levels of sodium ions, calcium ions as compared to EAC. One may draw the conclusion that CSE Having the ability to protect the kidneys from EAC cells induced kidney toxicity.
Desarrollo de un protocolo para producir quitosano a partir de la exuvia larval de Tenebrio molitor
Authors: Vargas-Venegas Itnan , Medaglia-Mata Alejandro , Chavarría-Pizarro Laura Elena
Published: June 2024

Muchos de los polímeros que son utilizados actualmente en la industria, investigación y otras áreas no son fácilmente biodegradables. Estos polímeros la mayoría de las veces suelen ser derivados del petróleo, lo que implica un gran impacto ambiental en su producción. El quitosano actúa como una materia prima alternativa, con el potencial de reemplazar distintos materiales gracias a sus propiedades, sin embargo, la mayor parte del quitosano industrial es extraído de desechos de especies marinas procesadas para la industria alimentaria, lo que hace que su extracción sea poco escalable y dependiente de las estaciones donde se pescan estas especies, además de tener un alto contenido en minerales, los cuales son difíciles de remover.
Es posible obtener quitosano de insectos, de manera más escalable y no dependiente de las estaciones de pesca. En el presente estudio, se desarrolló un protocolo para obtener quitosano de las exuvias larvales de la especie Tenebrio molitor, a partir de un procesamiento químico donde se desproteinizan y demineralizan estos desechos para transformarlos en quitina, y posteriormente de desacetila para transformala en quitosano.
Al procesar las mudas de las larvas, y tras distintos cambios al protocolo de extracción, se logró obtener un rendimiento global de un 13.01% de la masa total de la materia prima utilizada. Así mismo, se evidenció mediante espectros infrarrojos (FTIR) la transformación de las exuvias larvales hacia quitosano. Finalmente, se confirmó que el producto obtenido era quitosano mediante un perfil termogravimétrico (TGA) y se observaron diferencias morfológicas entre las mudas de larvas, el quitosano obtenido y el quitosano comercial mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido.
Learning Arabic Language Skills for Adults (Jack C. Richard Thought Review)
Authors: Abdullah Iis Susiawati , Samsudin Dadan Mardani
Published: June 2024

Richards' thoughts on language learning are indeed very interesting to study. According to Richard on receptive language skills, there are three methods: Oral Approach and Situational Language Teaching, Audiolingual Method and The Silent Way. The approach of this study is literature from several sources related to the relevant discussion. The author uses the text study method in analyzing the collected data with the aim of describing the content clearly and in detail and aiming to reveal the concept of Jack C. Richard's thinking in learning receptive language skills and knowing the right receptive learning concept in learning receptive Arabic skills in adult education. The results of this study found that Jack C Richard's thoughts can be applied to adult education, especially in learning receptive Arabic skills by adjusting the conditions and situations that exist in the material and adult learners.
Manajemen Perencanaan dan Pengorganisasian Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab
Authors: Silvia Neng , Saepudin Asep Ahmad , Mufidah Nuril , Amrullah Abdul Malik Karim
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the management of planning and organizing Arabic language learning at Amal Jama'i Islamic Boarding Schools, as well as to determine the supporting and inhibiting factors in learning Arabic. The research method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques were carried out by interviews and observations with descriptive data analysis techniques in accordance with Miles and Huberman's theory. The results of this study show that: 1) The planning management in learning Arabic is carried out by establishing Arabic learning programs, preparing learning materials, and determining relevant learning media, 2) The organizing management in learning Arabic begins with the division of teaching tasks, then the preparation of lesson schedules, as well as the provision of learning facilities, 3) Several supporting factors for learning Arabic include support from the headmaster of the college, the existence of a language division, and the stipulation of Arabic days of the week, while the inhibiting factors are inadequate time allocation, lack of human resources and environmental influences. The results of this study can be used as a reference for Arabic language activist researchers and academics.
Lu'batu Bingo li Tarqiyati Itqâni al-Mufradât al-'Arabiyyah: Bahts Tajrîbî li Thalabati al-Madrasah al-Ibtidâiyyah bi Indûnîsiyâ
Authors: Fudhaili Achmad
Published: June 2024

One of the most important aspects of language learning is vocabulary. Many students have difficulty mastering it. The researcher wants to reveal how effectively the Bingo game method increasesabic vocabulary mastery. This study uses a quantitative approach, with a pre-experimental design and a one-group pretest-posttest design. The population of this study was 20 grade V students at SDN Guluk-Guluk II Sumenep. The sampling method is the saturated sample method. Researchers collect information through pretest and posttest. For data analysis, the SPSS 22 application was used which included the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test. The researcher then used the SPSS 22 application to test the hypothesis with the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test. According to the findings of this study, bingo games can statistically improve vocabulary mastery by 79.6%. The results of the Mann-Whitney hypothesis test show this. The implication of the findings of this study is that bingo games can be used as an effective method for increasing vocabulary mastery in fifth-grade elementary school students. However, because this research was only conducted in class V SD, the results cannot be applied in general to all grade levels. Therefore, further research is needed to find out whether bingo games are also effective for use at other grade levels.
Atsaru al-Khalfiyyah al-Ta'lîmiyyah 'alâ Mahârati al-Qirâati Ladâ Talâmîdzi al-Madrasah al-Mutawaasithah al-Islâmiyyah fî Bogor
Authors: Albantani Azkia Muharom , Abdul Wahab Muhbib , Farhati Putri Amalia
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine the factors that cause students not to know the Arabic letters, to know the factors that cause students not to be able to read Arabic with good and correct pronunciation and also to determine whether there is an influence of students' educational background on reading ability (Jahriyyah). This study uses a quantitative approach with survey method. Data was collected using a questionnaire, interviews, and direct tests. The collected data were analyzed using percentage descriptive technique and simple linear regression analysis. The population in this study were students of 7th class at MTs Arrosyid II and 36 people as samples. Based on the results of the questionnaire research data, it was found that differences in students' educational backgrounds showed that the percentage of 72.1% was in the strong category. And from the results of the simple linear regression equation that there is an effect of students' educational background on reading ability, seen from Y = 19.889 + 0.806x and Ftable (0.05) > Fcount (0.008) the researcher can analyze that this equation shows a positive effect of variable X on variable Y and the influence of the remaining 19.1% is influenced by other variables. The factors that cause students not to know Hijaiyah letters are that they have not learned Arabic at their school before. The factors that cause students to be unable to read fluently are that they do not dare to express Arabic, do not trust themselves and are not interested in expressing Arabic
Содержание витаминов В6 и С в крови у медработников Севера
Authors:   Ханты-Мансийская государственная медицинская академия, Гайков М.О. , Корчина Т.Я. ,   Ханты-Мансийская государственная медицинская академия
Published: June 2024

Цель работы – изучить концентрацию витаминов В6 и С в сыворотке крови у медработников Окружной клинической больницы г. Ханты-Мансийска. В сыворотке крови у 100 врачей и медсестер (38,1±4,2 лет, 25 мужчин и 75 женщин) из различных отделений крупнейшей больницы г. Ханты-Мансийска определяли концентрацию отвечающих за психофизиологическую функцию витаминов В6 и С. Средние значения содержания пиридоксина были меньше нижней границы нормы, а аскорбиновой кислоты – у низшего предела. Адекватная обеспеченность витамином В6 и С зарегистрирована у 29% и 72% медработников соответственно.
Биологическая активность биосинтезированных наночастиц оксида кобальта в отношении патогенных и условно патогенных микроорганизмов
Authors:   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный университет»,, Давыдова О.К.
Published: June 2024

Рассмотрено влияние токсичности биосинтезированных наночастиц оксида кобальта в зависимости от их концентрации и используемого при синтезе восстановителя (растительного экстракта) на различные виды бактерий: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa и Salmonella enterica. Показано, что наибольший антибактериальный эффект выражен против P. aeruginosa.
Структурные особенности околоушных слюнных желёз и минеральный обмен в системе мать - плод - потомство при вибровоздействии
Authors:   ФГБОУ ВО Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет МЗ, Залавина С.В. , Апраксина Е.Ю. ,   ФГБОУ ВО Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет МЗ
Published: June 2024

Цель исследования – определить структурные особенности околоушных слюнных желез и особенности минерального обмена в системе мать-плод-потомство при действии промышленной вибрации. Материалы и методы. Эксперимент проведен на крысах Wistar. Животные делились на 2 группы: 1-я контрольная – 10 самок с интактной беременностью; 2-я – 10 животных, подвергавшихся вибровоздействию категории 3А (общая технологическая) в течение 60 мин с 9-х по 18-е сутки беременности. На 20-е сутки животных забивали. Для исследования под световым и электронным микроскопом забирали околоушные слюнные железы. Морфометрировали методом точечного счета под световым микроскопом с использованием квадратной тестовой системы на 88 точек. Определение содержания Ca, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mg, P, Pb, Se, Zn в печени самок проводили методом масс-спектрометрии с индуктивносвязанной плазмой (ИСП-МС). Результаты. Изменения в структуре околоушной слюнной железы в системе мать-плод-потомство свидетельствуют об обеднении микроциркуляторного русла (МЦР) и затруднении оттока слюны в околоушной слюнной железе, что сопровождается уменьшением доли паренхимы и увеличением площади стромы железы. Электронная микроскопия выявила сладжированные эритроциты в МЦР, выраженные апоптозные и деструктивные изменения в паренхиме железы. На фоне вибрации снижались концентрации эссенциальных элементов Ca, Mg, Fe и увеличивалось содержание Cu, Cd, Pb. Заключение. Изменения в околоушных слюнных железах системы мать-плод-потомство при вибрации проявляются в снижении площади паренхимы, нарушении оттока слюны, уменьшении площади сосудов МЦР и увеличении доли соединительной ткани. Отклонения в минеральном обмене – это отражение нарушенного гомеостаза системы мать-плод-потомство. Выявленные изменения являются морфофункциональной основой, приводящей к нарушению пренатального развития околоушных слюнных желёз плода. Возникшие пренатально структурные и биохимические изменения сохраняются после рождения у половозрелого потомства.
Оценка биологически значимых элементов в экстрактах растительного сырья
Authors:   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный университет», Алешина Е.С. , Дроздова Е.А. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный университет»
Published: June 2024

риведены результаты оценки содержания массовой доли содержания сухого остатка, сырого жира, массовой доли сырого протеина, массовой доли магния, марганца, железа, кальция, массовой доли сахара, а также содержания витаминов С, A и E в растительных экстрактах брусники (Vitis-idaea folia), чабреца (Serpylli herba), мяты перечной (Mеnthae piperitae folia), эвкалипта прутовидного (Eucalypti viminalis folia) и шалфея (Salviae folia). Полученные данные свидетельствуют о возможности использования растительных экстрактов или их композиций в различных рецептурах пищевой, фармацевтической и косметической промышленности, что будет способствовать повышению в этих продуктах биологически активных веществ.
Влияние антропогенных факторов на загрязненность пшеницы тяжелыми металлами
Authors:   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный университет», Лукьянова Е.С. , Медведев П.В. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный университет», Федотов В.А. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный университет»
Published: June 2024

Пользуясь данными мониторинга содержания тяжелых металлов в зерне пшеницы различных районов Оренбургской области за 2008–2023 гг., оценивали влияние антропогенных факторов на природную среду. Наиболее близкие к ПДК значения: у свинца – для Оренбургского района (54% от ПДК), для Ташлинского района (72% от ПДК), у меди – для Гайского района (68% от ПДК), для Оренбургского района (62% от ПДК). Наибольшие темпы роста накопления пшеницей тяжелых металлов проявляются: по цинку – в Оренбургском и Гайском районах, по свинцу – в Ташлинском и Оренбургском районах, по никелю – в Оренбургском районе, по кадмию – в Ташлинском районе.
Особенности накопления тяжелых металлов в почве и зерновых культурах
Authors:   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный университет», Лукьянова Е.С. , Федотов В.А. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный университет»
Published: June 2024

В представленной работе анализировали зерно яровой пшеницы и почвы Оренбургской области 28 районов атомно-абсорбционным методом на токсичные элементы. Рассчитывали коэффициент биологического поглощения пшеницей тяжелых металлов, который составляет в Гайском районе: для цинка 35 ± 5, меди 59 ± 5, свинца 0,11 ± 0,05, никеля 0,8 ± 0,1, марганца 2,2 ± 0,5, кадмия 0,19 ± 0,05; в Оренбургском районе: для цинка 36 ± 5, меди 28 ± 5, свинца 0,27 ± 0,05, никеля 0,75 ± 0,1, марганца 1,1 ± 0,5, кадмия 0,20 ± 0,05; в Ташлинском районе: для цинка 41 ± 5, меди 27 ± 5, свинца 0,35 ± 0,05, никеля 0,5 ± 0,1, марганца 1,1 ± 0,5, кадмия 0,26 ± 0,05. Почвы Ташлинского района характеризуется наиболее низким содержанием тяжелых металлов, за исключением марганца и кадмия. Коэффициент корреляции содержания элементов в зерне и почве: для Гайского района составляет 0,78, для Оренбургского – 0,76, для Ташлинского – 0,81 (при уровне значимости р < 0,05).
Железо и лактоферрин в грудном молоке женщин г. Оренбурга
Authors:   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный медицинский университет», Мачнева И.В. , Лебедева Е.Н. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный медицинский университет», Карнаухова И.В. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный медицинский университет»
Published: June 2024

Приведены данные по содержанию железа и лактоферрина в грудном молоке женщин г. Оренбурга, полученные в результате пилотного исследования, впервые выполненного в данном регионе. Так, содержание железа составило 0,930±0,056 мг/л. Средняя концентрация лактоферрина составила 1,39±0,18 г/л, что в целом коррелирует с данными, приведенными в отечественной и зарубежной литературе (0,99 до 3,39 г/л). Учитывая актуальность проведенных исследований, для получения региональных референсных значений микроэлементного железа и лактоферрина необходимо проведение более широкого обследования женщин Оренбуржья на разных этапах лактации.
Ультрадисперсные частицы в кормлении карпа
Authors:   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный университет», Мирошникова Е.П. , Мингазова М.С. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный университет», Килякова Ю.В. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный университет», Аринжанов А.Е. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный университет»
Published: June 2024

Представлены результаты влияния ультрадисперсных частиц (УДЧ) SiO2 на организм карпа (Cyprinus carpio), при включении в рацион 200 мг/кг корма в течение 56 суток. Установлено, что поступление в организм рыб УДЧ сопровождается 100% выживаемостью рыб. Добавка оказывает положительное действие на биохимические показатели крови, приводя к снижению содержания АСТ и АЛТ.
Влияние аспарагината хрома на концентрацию химических элементов в головном мозге лабораторных животных
Authors:   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный университет», Баранова О.В. , Шейда Е.В. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный университет», Кван О.В. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный университет», Гатауллина Э.Ф. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный университет»
Published: June 2024

Представлены результаты элементного анализа тканей и оценка обменных пулов химических элементов в головном мозге животных по 25 химическим элементам. Установлено нарушение минерального обмена как токсичных и эссенциальных, так и макроэлементов при включении в рацион аспарагината хрома. Экспериментальные исследования проводили на 80 белых крысах-самцах Wistar массой 110–120 г. Препарат вводили per os, замешивая в корм перед подачей животным, находящимся на стандартной диете. В соответствии с рекомендациями производителя и суточной потребности организма в хроме, были сформированы группы получавшие аспарагинат хрома в дозировках, соответствующих 100% потребности, на 50% ниже и на 50% выше суточной потребности в данном элементе, при этом дозы хрома составили 1,1; 0,6 и 1,7 мг/кг соответственно. У животных, получавших дополнительно с рационом аспарагинат хрома, в гиппокампе наблюдалось снижение концентрации эссенциальных макроэлементов, однако при этом отмечено и выведение токсичных элементов, в частности олова и кадмия. В головном мозге крыс при включении различных доз хрома выявлено накопление йода, кремния и магния. Таким образом, полученные в результате исследования данные свидетельствуют о перераспределении химических элементов в гиппокампе лабораторных животных в условиях дополнительного введения в рацион лабораторным животным органической формы хрома.
Микроэлементный состав полбяной муки
Authors:   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный университет», Берестова А.В. , Баранова О.В. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный университет»
Published: June 2024

В настоящее время в хлебопекарном и кондитерском производстве часто используется в качестве заменителя хлебопекарной муки полбяная мука – продукт переработки полбы, одной из разновидностей пшеницы. Полбяная мука имеет очень ценный химический состав, в том числе и микроэлементный, характеризуется высоким содержанием собственных сахаров, имеет хорошую газо- и сахарообразующую способность, обладает высокой водопоглотительной способностью, по сравнению с пшеничной хлебопекарной мукой.
Musculoskeletal injury and medical discharge prevalence during Army basic training
Authors: Martin Henry , Rawcliffe Alex , Roberts Andrew
Published: June 2024

Musculoskeletal injuries (MSKIs) pose the primary health and operational risk to the military trainee population particularly those within basic training, leading to several issues such as reduced training time, chronic morbidity, and inevitably increased medical discharge. The purpose of the study was to investigate the current incidence, prevalence, and nature of MSKIs across British Army basic training. In addition to identifying the prevalence of MSKI medical discharges concerning the type and nature of the injury. A retrospective analysis of the Army Recruiting and Initial Training Command MSKI and Medical Discharge database was undertaken. Injury data was collected from Primary Care Rehabilitation Facilities at British Army training units, using a standardised procedure. A multiple-choice questionnaire was used within the initial consultation with the clinician to determine the severity and progression of the injury, whilst consenting to a data privacy notice. Prevalence of MSKIs (% recruits) was articulated in relation to the total number of recruits starting each training year. Over the past decade MSKIs have declined from a peak of 47% in men and 58% in women in 2013/14, to 22% in men and 21% in women in the 2022/23 training year, with the prevalence of female MSKIs being lower than male counterparts for the first time in this population. Trauma and overuse injuries correspond for 48% and 52% of these MSKIs respectively in 2022/2023, whereas historically overuse injuries have been responsible for a greater proportion. These overuse and trauma injuries were most common in the early stages of training. Lower limb injuries were more prevalent throughout training, resembling 2021/22 data where lower limb injuries accounted for c.80% of total MSKIs among both sexes. The total number of MSKIs resulting in medical discharges was 70, constituting 1.1% of all recruits. Among these discharges, 54 were observed in men and 16 in women. The prevalence of MSKIs resulting in medical discharges was 4.5% in men and 12.4 % in women. The gap between MSKI prevalence between sexes has decreased with recent data showing prevalence being similar. Despite this, women had an increased risk of medical discharge, suggesting gender differences in the severity of MSKIs. To reduce MSKI prevalence, strategies should focus on lower limb injuries, with an emphasis on the early stages of training.
‘Strength in Solitude? Investigating the potential effects of isolation on the performance and wellbeing of student athletes’
Authors: Oke Ade
Published: June 2024

Following the global COVID-19 pandemic, the topic of isolation has been a lot more prevalent in society (Jukic et al., 2020, 8). People have described being negatively affected both mentally and physically as a result of suffering from isolation during the pandemic (Fancourt, Steptoe, & Bu 2021, Lancet Psychiatry, 8, 141-149). However, isolation has been something that a lot of people have faced well before Covid emerged (West, Kellner, & Moore-West, 1986, Comp Psychiatry, 27, 351-363). Research shows that people who suffer from loneliness described feelings of isolation and were more likely to seek help from mental healthcare organisations (West, Kellner, & Moore-West 1986, Comp Psychiatry, 27, 351-363). The aim of this research project is to develop a greater understanding of isolation, the meaning of isolation to different individuals and what effects it may have on an athlete’s performance or wellbeing. Previous research highlighted how susceptible students can be to suffering from isolation (Lim & Vighnarajah, 2018, SHS web of conferences, 53). It was suggested that greater awareness should be provided for isolation and how best to manage it. Lim & Vighnarajah (2018, Per Acad Soc Psych Dev) also found that a student’s needs should consider a broad range of influences, as every aspect can be linked to enhancing a students’ success in their education. As this research was conducted solely on students, it would be of interest to investigate what influence sporting participation could have on education, and vice versa. The effects of isolation will also be compared in both educational and sporting settings as well as what setting is more likely to onset isolation. The student athletes will are provided with an opportunity to describe how they cope with isolation and maintain high levels of performance.
Exploring British student-athletes' receptivity to sport psychology consultation
Authors: Eini Lasse Daniel Valtteri , Salim Jade , Morris George Bowra
Published: June 2024

Student-athlete's receptivity to sport psychology (SP) is a significant contributor to effective SP service delivery. Previous studies among American student-athletes suggests that stigma and negative beliefs, which affect receptivity, remain significant barriers to seeking SP support. However, there is a paucity of research focusing on the British student-athlete population. The aim of this study was to explore how demographic factors affect British student-athletes' receptivity to SP consultation. Following institutional ethics approval, student-athletes (n = 96, 48 males and 48 females) completed a series of demographic questions and the Sport Psychology Attitudes Revised Form (SPAR-R) (25 items answered on a seven-point Likert scale). The survey measured stigma tolerance (Cronbach’s alphas (α) = 0.821), confidence in SP consultation (α = 0.882), personal openness (α = 0.462) and cultural preference (α = 0.534). A one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANCOVA) was used to examine the relationship between demographic constructs and the SPAR-R responses. Compared to females, males reported significantly higher scores in personal openness (P = 0.44, P < 0.05, mean difference [MD]: 0.54), and cultural preference (P = 0.01, P < 0.05, MD: 0.54). Compared to athletes who compete in a team sport, individual athletes reported significantly higher scores of confidence in SP consultation (P = 0.013, P < 0.05, MD: 0.7). There were no influences of age and level of sporting competition on confidence in SP and cultural preference, respectively (P > 0.05). The results suggest that males and athletes who compete in a team sport may be less receptive towards SP consultation than females and athletes who compete in an individual sport. These results are similar to those found within an American student-athlete population yet provide applied SP practitioners with novel insights into working with British student-athletes. Future research should focus on student-athletes from various ethnic backgrounds and further expand methodological approaches to understanding why demographic factors affect receptivity to SP consultation. In conclusion, these results could inform and encourage practitioners to adopt a tailored approach when providing SP consultation to persons possessing different demographic characteristics.
Infant Mortality Dynamics in Moscow during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Savina Anna , Zemlyanova Elena
Published: June 2024

COVID-19 pandemic substantially affected all aspects of public health and healthcare system as well as all age groups of population. Infant mortality is one of the most important indicators characterizing the general state of health and quality of life of the population. The article represents in-depth analysis of cases, structure and causes of infant mortality according to Rosstat data for 2000–2022. We also evaluated influence of COVID-19 on formation of the capital’s indicator in those years that is why 2019 was considered as the “basic” when analyzing mortality indicators. The study purpose is to determine a degree of impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the formation of infant mortality rates in Moscow. Authors use statistical analysis of official Rosstat data on infant mortality in Moscow and Russian Federation as a whole conducted. Data analyzed using decomposition by periods of infant mortality, sex, classes and certain death causes. During 2019–2022, infant mortality rate in Moscow has continuously reducing including the first year of COVID-19 pandemic. In 2022 infant mortality rate in Moscow, estimated 3.5 per 1000 live births that is lower than Russia’s average by 21%, although before 2019 reduction rates in Russian Federation were higher by 13.7 percentage points. It is necessary to note the capital’s infant mortality rate in 2022 compared to 2021 reduced by 2.8% and in Russia by 3.3%. According to Rosstat data, reduction of infant mortality in 2022 was mainly due to boys’ indicator: in Moscow, overall reduction estimated 7.1%, in Russia as a whole– 5.9%. The capital’s indicator for girls reduced in 2022 by 1.7%, in Russia as a whole– by 0.8%. In contrast to the increase in mortality rates in other age groups, during the pandemic years, infant mortality rate in Moscow continuously reduced and in 2022 estimated 3.5 per 1000 live births, which is 21% lower than the national average. Infant mortality reduction in Moscow was mainly due to boys. Discovered growth of early neonatal mortality from neonatal diabetes mellitus, from other congenital abnormalities of the nervous system and circulatory system, as well as growing share of deaths of infants with normal body weight are of serious concern and require special measures. The COVID-19 pandemic has not had any significant impact on infant mortality in Moscow.
Forecast development of housing provision for the urban population in the context of economic transformation of the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Niiazalieva Kunduzkul , Assylbayev Aidar
Published: June 2024

The relationship between urban housing policy and demographic trends in the cities of Kyrgyzstan is of paramount importance for sustainable urban development. This study focuses on Bishkek and Osh, the two largest cities in Kyrgyzstan, where more than 60% of the urban population lives. Using correlation analysis, we examine the relationship between demographic factors and housing construction indicators. The purpose of the work is to determine the degree of relationship between indicators of the provision of housing space and demographic trends in the city. Also, based on the identified correlation, the forecast development of the dynamics of development of the urban population, housing stock and housing supply ratio is given. Our results highlight the need for holistic public housing and population policies that promote mutual growth of urban population and housing stock. Through historical analysis and future projections, we advocate for a unified strategic urban development plan that takes housing and demographics into account. At the same time, the private enterprise sector is an important factor in the development of the housing stock. Key indicators studied in the work include the size of the urban population, growth dynamics, the commissioning of new housing space, the housing stock and the provision of housing per capita. This study contributes to the formulation of effective policies to address the housing needs of urban populations in the face of changing demographics.
Life positions of Tuvan youth: variability of sociocultural subjectivity
Authors: Seliverstova Nina , Sorokin Oleg , Oorzhak Saylana
Published: June 2024

The article presents the results of a study of the life positions of Tuvan students in the areas of kinship and legal relations. The theoretical and methodological foundations of the study consisted of the provisions of the concept of self-regulation of youth life activity and the data of Tuvan studies, that determine the unique meaning of the cultural space of Tuvan youth. For the empirical basis of the study materials from focus groups with ethnic Tuvan students (2022) were used. The results of the analysis confirmed the high importance of family ties for the majority of Tuvan informants. Based on the semantic basis of the attitude of young Tuvans to the phenomenon of employment of “their kin”, traditional, modern and hybrid life positions are identified. The authors emphasise the ambiguity of hybrid life positions, that promote conflicting ideas such as professionalism as a criterion for selecting candidates for a vacancy and the preference of relatives in a simulated situation of selecting applicants for a position, specific expectations of support from relatives. Latent inconsistency manifests itself in the form of idealisation of potential interaction with relatives on employment issues. It is assumed that this is a not entirely conscious attempt by young people to hide deep-seated predispositions to use the “family ties” resource behind a demonstration of their commitment to modern requirements for the employment procedure and suitability for the position. In relation to the practices of mutual assistance of relatives, in addition to the above-mentioned types, a position is highlighted, expressed in the assumption of living at the expense of a rich, successful relative, based on the deviant meanings of dependency and consumerism.
It was revealed that the life positions of Tuvan youth in the field of law reflect all-Russian trends. The positions of law-abiding youth are based on instrumental meanings (ensuring order, security) and the inevitability of punishment, while positions of lawless youth are based on deviant meanings, the essence of which is manifested in disrespect for the law, and legal infantilism.
Positioning the state as a dishonest partner is used to justify non-compliance with legal norms in interaction with it. Legal infantilism and legal ignorance of some Tuvan students, as well as some other Russian students, liberalisation of consciousness regarding the legal behaviour of other people that goes beyond the social norm, update not only the institutional regulation of legal education and upbringing of youth and children, but also a systematic change in reality in the field of ensuring the rule of law. In relation to the legal behaviour of other people, active (interested) and passive (indifferent) life positions are identified.
Research of religion in the context of modern secularisation: search for an approach
Authors: Smirnov Mikhail
Published: June 2024

The article examines some issues in the scientific debate about modern secularisation and post-secularity, which has been going on recently among Russian researchers of religion. As a participant in this discussion, the author accepts the discussed thesis about the need to revise some previous interpretations of religion and form new methodological guidelines that correspond to the real state of religious communities in the modern world. At the same time, the article criticises the use of references to the judgments of authoritative foreign researchers as a convincing argument to prove the reality of the so-called post-secular society. The author acknowledges that the idea of postsecularity can be one of the elements of scientific discourse about the modern transformation of religions. But this idea is not convincing when compared with refined theories of secularisation, that even today have sufficient empirical evidence. Turning to methodological issues, the author proposes a number of hypothetical provisions regarding the research approach to the modern state of religion. Particular attention is paid to two situations. The first of them, according to the author, is the determining influence on religious organisations of a modern secular state - in these conditions, the religious life of society is forced to integrate into state policy, becoming subordinate to the main goals of this policy. Therefore, the study must take into account, first of all, the secular context of the existence of religious associations. The second situation is related to the first; it consists in the marginalisation of the doctrinal content of religions and its noticeable replacement by external confessional markings as a sign of civic identity, with the diffusion of the doctrinal foundations of religious traditions. The author concludes that due to secularisation, the religious environment, either forced or willing, masters the languages of secular culture and politics, speaks these languages and therefore becomes more understandable - not only for researchers, but also for itself. For a scientific approach, this opens up the prospect of understanding the secular existence of religions.
Stawka podatku od nieruchomości dla budynków (ich części) związanych z udzielaniem świadczeń zdrowotnych (działalność w zakresie prowadzenia aptek)
Authors: Borszowski Paweł
Published: June 2024

W artykule poddano analizie konstrukcję normatywną preferencyjnej stawki podatku od nieruchomości. Chodzi o stawkę podatku od nieruchomości dla budynków lub ich części związanych z udzielaniem świadczeń zdrowotnych. Konstrukcja ta składa się w rezultacie z dwóch elementów, to jest, po pierwsze, tego, który można określić jako związanie z udzielaniem świadczeń zdrowotnych, a po drugie, zwrotu doprecyzowującego. Zwrot doprecyzowujący dotyczy przesłanki zajęcia przez podmioty udzielające tych świadczeń zdrowotnych. Rozważania te pozwoliły na odniesienie się do istotnego zagadnienia, to jest — relacji tak określonej stawki podatku do działalności w zakresie prowadzenia aptek. Stawka ta nie może mieć zastosowania do działalności w zakresie prowadzenia aptek między innymi z tego względu, że wynika to z samej treści ustawy podatkowej, a ponadto — z odniesienia do pojęcia świadczenia zdrowotnego. W artykule sformułowano także postulaty zmiany sposobu regulacji tej stawki podatku od nieruchomości.
Usytuowanie prawno-organizacyjne Państwowej Inspekcji Farmaceutycznej w kontekście planowanych zmian organizacyjnych
Authors: Krajewski Wojciech
Published: June 2024

Artykuł ma na celu przedstawienie charakterystyki obecnie funkcjonującej struktury organizacyjnej Państwowej Inspekcji Farmaceutycznej, problemów wynikających z jej funkcjonowania w związku z przyjętym dychotomicznym podziałem strukturalnym na Głównego Inspektora Farmaceutycznego oraz wojewodę wykonującego zadania przy pomocy wojewódzkiego inspektora farmaceutycznego. W treści przedstawiono omówienie proponowanej nowelizacji ustawy — Prawo farmaceutyczne w zakresie pionizacji struktur Państwowej Inspekcji Farmaceutycznej. Na zakończenie artykułu wskazane zostały wnioski dotyczące proponowanych zmian w ustawie — Prawo farmaceutyczne oraz dalsze postulaty i rozważania związane z niniejszą ustawą.