bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Droplet entrapment on inclined substrates by enforcement of pearl formation
Authors: Özdoğan Mert , Ceyhan Umut
Published: February 2023

Sliding droplets on an inclined substrate may deposit a residual liquid termed as pearling. This three-dimensional mechanism can be observed even on near-perfect surfaces, and it is mainly affected by the Bond number, inclination angle, and capillary number. However, specifically designed surfaces can alter the dynamic contact line and enforce droplets to deposit a pearl. We model three-dimensional droplet motion under long-wave assumption with a precursor film model for such substrates where the surface is designed as a continuous function and integrate governing equations using quadratic finite element method with adaptive mesh refinement. For various surface structures, energies, and inclination angles, we show the expedition/promotion of pearl formation alongside its mechanism, and how to periodically trap droplets inside the grooves. Finally, we discuss the volume control of entrapped droplets.
Study on the blade squealer tip affecting tip leakage flow and performance of a multiphase pump
Authors: Tang Wanqi , Shi Guangtai , Xiao Yexiang , Huang Zongliu , Li Wei , Chen Wenxiu
Published: February 2023

Tip clearance is the distance required between the blade tip and the pump body wall of an impeller in a helicon-axial multiphase pump, which tends to induce tip leakage flow. The tip leakage vortex formed by the interaction of tip leakage flow with the mainstream can seriously affect the performance of the multiphase pump. To minimize the adverse effects of tip leakage flow in the multiphase pump, a method to design a squealer tip on the impeller blade is proposed in this paper. The effect of the squealer tip on external characteristics, tip clearance flow characteristics, and energy dissipation of the multiphase pump is analyzed. Research results indicate that the blade squealer tip can effectively improve hydraulic efficiency of the multiphase pump. At the optimal efficiency point, the head and hydraulic efficiency of the multiphase pump with a squealer tip increased by 3.62% and 4.15%, respectively, compared with the original model. The influence of tip leakage flow in the axial rear half passage of the multiphase pump impeller is far greater than that in the axial forward half passage, especially on the back position in the middle of the impeller passage. The squealer tip can restrain the reverse of leakage flow from the pressure side to the suction side of the impeller blade, and the clearance leakage flow of the model with a squealer tip is smaller than that of the original model. The squealer tip on blade will reduce the energy dissipation caused by unsteady flow in the mainstream. The research results in this paper can provide theoretical support for effectively restraining the influence of the tip leakage vortex on the mainstream of the helicon-axial multiphase pump and contribute to engineering practice value of improving the performance of the multiphase pump.
Explicitness and implicitness of discourse relations in a multilingual discourse bank
Authors: Mendes Amália , Zeyrek Deniz , Oles̆kevic̆ienė Giedrė
Published: January 2023

Proposals such as continuity and causality-by-default relate the level of expectedness of a relation to its
linguistic marking as an explicit or implicit relation. We investigate these two proposals with regard to the English transcripts
of six TED Talks and their Lithuanian, Portuguese and Turkish translations in the TED-Multilingual Discourse Bank (TED-MDB),
annotated for discourse relations, following the Penn Discourse Treebank style of annotation. Our data shows that the
discontinuous relations contrast and concession are indeed frequently explicit in all languages. But continuous
relations show differences per relation and language. For instance, cause is frequently conveyed implicitly in English
and Portuguese, but not in Lithuanian and Turkish. We explore temporal continuity by analysing whether the forward-order sense
result is more frequently implicit than the backward-order reason. The hypothesis is confirmed by English
and Portuguese, but not Lithuanian and Turkish. However, in Turkish, the arguments of the backward-order relation reason
are frequently presented by the reversed order of arguments, retaining the linear order of events even in the presence of the
connective. The causality-by-default hypothesis is not confirmed, as cause is not the most frequent implicit relation in
the four languages.
Continuity in discourse relations
Authors: Das Debopam , Egg Markus
Published: January 2023

Continuity and discontinuity (maintaining or shifting deictic centres across segments) are important aspects of
discourse relations. Yet they have been attributed to these relations in very different ways. This calls for an analysis of
individual instances of discourse relations with respect to their continuity dimensions. To this end, we operationalise Givón’s (1993) continuity dimensions (time, space, reference, action,
perspective, modality, and speech act), decomposing them into distinctive features that allow a
consistent and accurate classification of the continuity dimensions in discourse relation tokens. This inventory was applied to
five representative relation types (causal, contrastive, conditional, elaboration, and
temporal) from the RST Discourse Treebank (Carlson & Marcu 2001). We
found that relations can simultaneously be more continuous for some dimensions but more discontinuous for others. What is more,
discourse relations typically vary widely in different continuity dimensions and thus cannot be described as fully continuous or
discontinuous, neither on the level of the entire relation type nor for one of its particular dimensions. Using examples of
causal, conditional, and contrastive relations, we also illustrate how the results of our analysis
can be used to verify hypotheses about correlations between continuity and discourse relations.
“Haute couture? More like haute glue!”
Authors: Podboj Martina
Published: February 2023

Readingis a unique interactional practice in the drag queen community. It refers to leveling witty and often cutthroat mock insults at fellow drag queens, with an aim ofthrowing shade. In this paper, I examine the discourse of the ‘reading challenge’, a staple ofRuPaul’s Drag Race(RPDR), an internationally popular drag queen reality TV show (2009–). In the first part, I review central concepts surrounding drag performance and the phenomenon ofRPDRand summarize relevant sociolinguistic literature about drag queen speech and the practice ofreading. In the second part, I describe theRPDR reading challengeas a unique discursive genre and analyse its performative structure, themes, and most prominent strategies that queens use to construct felicitous reads and throw shade. The analysis demonstrates that this genre relies on camp language and highly ritualized, repetitive, and recontextualized performance of reading, framed by requirements of mass-consumed reality TV.
Mathematics, relevance theory and the situated cognition paradigm
Authors: McCallum Kate
Published: February 2023

Mathematics is a highly specialised arena of human endeavour, one in which complex notations are invented and are subjected to complex and involved manipulations in the course of everyday work. What part do these writing practices play in mathematical communication, and how can we understand their use in the mathematical world in relation to theories of communication and cognition? To answer this, I examine in detail an excerpt from a research meeting in which communicative board-writing practices can be observed, and attempt to explain the observed exchanges with reference to relevance theory (a cognitivist theory of pragmatics), in combination with the situated cognition paradigm. Successful communication in the excerpt appears well described by the notion of metacognitive acquaintance, as described inSperber & Wilson (2015), especially when a situated view of cognition is adopted. Though this example is taken from a relatively informal face-to-face communicative situation, characteristics of such situations extend even into formal written mathematics, since even the technical terminology developed in the course of the meeting includes details that may provide readers with a kind of access to the mathematicians’ cognitive processes.
“Dr. Shelby, that’s a world record!”
Authors: Miller Shelby R. , Ergül Hilal , Attardo Salvatore
Published: February 2023

Participation in experimental studies can be conceptualized as Goffmanian frames, i.e. a set of rules which include the fact the experimenter will be observing participant behavior through (the recording of) the experiment. This study is focused on frame breaches in 16 video- and audio-recorded dyadic conversations taking place in an experimental setting. Our main conclusion is that the experimental frame is conceptualized by participants as including constraints that go beyond non-experimental interactions, and in particular the need to mitigate frame breaches, which are seen as face-threatening. Analyses revealed that participants only broke the research frame after they completed the task they were assigned by the researcher, and that breaches did not necessarily correspond to changes in key. Insights gained in relation to face and mitigation are discussed, as well as the participants’ need to determine their next steps once the research purpose has been perceived complete.
A multidimensional approach to echoing
Authors: Lozano-Palacio Inés
Published: February 2023

Stemming from the use-mention distinction by the philosophy of language, Relevance Theory introduces the notion of echo in the context of the echoic mention theory of irony (cf. Wilson & Sperber, 2012). Since then, echoing has awakened multidisciplinary interest, mostly in connection to this figure of thought. Studies on echoing have provided a largely one-dimensional approach. Within cognitive modeling studies, echoing is elevated to the status of cognitive operation. Taking cognitive modeling as a starting point, the aim of the present article is to study echoing from a multidimensional perspective, focusing on its features, functions, and usages. Specifically, the present study addresses echoic implicitness, completeness, complexity, accuracy, and non-ironic echoes (i.e., parodic echoes, denotational and non-denotational echoes). All in all, this study introduces a higher degree of systematicity in the study of echoing in general and endows echo-based studies of irony with greater explanatory adequacy.
What explains Macau students’ achievement? An integrative perspective using a machine learning approach (¿Cuál es la explicación del rendimiento de los estudiantes macaenses? Una perspectiva integradora mediante la adopción del enfoque del aprendizaje automático)
Authors: Wang Yi , King Ronnel , Haw Joseph , Leung Shing on
Published: January 2023

Although Macau students have consistently been recognized as top performers in international assessments, little research has been conducted to explore the various factors that are associated with their achievement. This paper aimed to identify factors that could best predict Macau students’ reading achievement using PISA 2018 data provided by 2,979 15-year-old students. An integrative theoretical model that considered the critical roles of demographic, personal and social-contextual factors was used to understand the relative importance of 41 different factors in predicting reading achievement. A machine learning approach, specifically Random Forest Algorithm, was used to analyse the data. Results indicated that variables classified under personal factors (e.g., metacognitive strategies, reading enjoyment and perceived difficulty) were the most important predictors of Macau students’ achievement. A supplementary analysis using Hierarchical Linear Modelling confirmed the findings from the machine learning approach. Implications of the findings were discussed.
Initial release condition dependent decoupling motion of a Wilberforce pendulum in the case of near resonance
Authors: Zeng Linqian , Li Haonan , Xie Yifan , Pan Wei
Published: February 2023

The vertical and angular oscillation of a Wilberforce pendulum was found to be coupled in the case of resonance. Many studies have discussed the effects of the physical properties of a Wilberforce pendulum on coupled motion. In this article, we mainly study the influence of initial release conditions on the coupled motion of a Wilberforce pendulum in the near resonance case. The experimental results clearly exhibit that the coupled motion phenomenon depends on the initial release condition. Theoretical calculation further demonstrates that the coupled strength between two normal modes is determined by the ratio of initial angular to vertical displacement in the case of near resonance. The experimental results also verify the calculated variation of decoupling coefficient with this displacement ratio. Our study indicates that even in the case of resonance, the motion of a Wilberforce pendulum is probably decoupled at a given initial release condition. Complete decoupled motion is found to appear only when the damping coefficients in vertical and angular motion generate equal energy dissipation rates. The corresponding decoupling phenomenon in the case of resonance, occurs when the initial release energy of vertical and angular motion is equal.
Dramatic relativistic effects on the ns dipole angular distribution asymmetry parameter, βns
, of heavy and superheavy elements
Authors: Baral S , Saha S , Dubey K A , Jose J , Deshmukh P C , Razavi A K , Manson S T
Published: February 2023

A theoretical study of the dipole photoelectron angular distribution asymmetry parameter, β, of the 6s, 5s and 4s subshells has been conducted for a range of closed-shell heavy, Hg (Z = 80), Rn (Z = 86), Ra (Z = 88) and superheavy, No (Z = 102), Cn (Z = 112), Og (Z = 118), Ubn (Z = 120) elements to understand the deviation of β from the nonrelativistic value of 2 owing to relativistic effects. It was found that the deviation, strongest in Cooper minimum regions, persists over all energy for all ns subshells, and the deviations increase with Z. Three levels of relativistic calculations were performed in order to pinpoint the particular interactions responsible for the details of the behavior of the ns β’s as functions of energy, n, and Z and, in addition to the effects of the (relativistic) spin–orbit interaction, interchannel coupling was found to be of crucial importance in the determination of the β parameter in most of the situations studied.
Ultrashort laser sintering of printed silver nanoparticles on thin, flexible, and porous substrates
Authors: Sharif Ayesha , Farid Nazar , McGlynn Peter , Wang Mingqing , Vijayaraghavan Rajani K , Jilani Asim , Leen Gabriel , McNally Patrick J , O’Connor Gerard M
Published: January 2023

The fabrication of low-cost and mechanically robust flexible electronic patterns has increasingly gained attention due to their growing applications in flexible displays, touch screen panels, medical devices, and solar cells. Such applications require cost-effective deposition of metals in a well-controlled manner potentially using nanoparticles (NPs). The presence of solvent and precursors in NP based inks impacts the electrical conductivity of the printed pattern and a post-processing heating step is typically performed to restore the electrical properties and structure of the material. We report printing with picolitre droplet volumes of silver (Ag) NPs on flexible substrates using an acoustic microdroplet dispenser. The low-cost, controlled deposition of Ag ink is performed at room temperature on photopaper, polyimide and clear polyimide substrates. A localized, ultrashort pulsed laser with minimal heat affected zone is employed to sinter printed Ag patterns. For comparison, oven sintering is performed, and the results are analysed with scanning electron microscopy, four-point probe and Hall measurements. The femtosecond laser sintering revealed highly organized, connected nanostructure that is not achievable with oven heating. A significant decrease in sheet resistance, up to 93% in Ag NPs on clear polyimide confirms the laser sintering improves the connectivity of the printed film and as a result, the electrical properties are enhanced. The surface morphology attained by the laser sintering process is interpreted to be due to a joining of NPs as a result of a solid-state diffusion process in the near surface region of NPs.
Magneto-thermal-acoustic imaging of magnetic nanoparticles with tissue structure imaging function
Authors: Liu Hongjia , Li Yanhong , Liu Guoqiang
Published: February 2023

Magneto-thermal-acoustic imaging with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) is a novel medical imaging modality based on the thermoacoustic (TA) effect of MNPs. We proposed a new dual-modality imaging strategy that combines the TA and echo signals. Based on the synthetic aperture method, we used TA signals to image cancer tissues labeled with MNPs and applied echo signals to achieve tissue structure imaging. In the simulation, we constructed a breast cancer model and assumed that cancer tissue was labeled with MNPs. Under a limited field of view, the TA and echo signals were collected using a multi-element transducer array. By fusing the imaging results of the TA and echo signals, we obtained a boundary distribution map of the breast cancer model, and accurately located the tumor tissue. In this experiment, we built a multi-channel acquisition system. Pork tissue labeled with MNPs was used as the breast cancer phantom. We collected a total of 120 TA and echo signals at 1 mm intervals using a multi-element transducer array and faithfully imaged the boundary distribution map of the phantom. Compared with the traditional linear back projection method based on focused transducers, we demonstrated that the proposed method not only improves the lateral resolution of the image, but also makes accurate cancer identification easier. This provides a promising medical imaging technology for clinical applications.
Extended analytical solutions of the Bohr Hamiltonian with the sextic oscillator: Pt-Os isotopes
Authors: Baid S , Lévai G , Arias J M
Published: January 2023

The sextic oscillator adapted to the Bohr Hamiltonian has been used to describe even Pt and Os isotopes from A = 188 to 198 and A = 186 to 192, respectively. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible transition from the γ-unstable to the spherical vibrator shape phases. In this setup the potential appearing in the Bohr Hamiltonian is independent from the γ shape variable, and the physical observables (energy eigenvalues, B(E2)) can be obtained in closed analytical form within the quasi-exactly solvable formalism for the model space containing 30 of the lowest-lying levels. Experimental energy levels have been associated with the theoretical ones. The available electric quadrupole transition data (B(E2), decay preferences) have been taken into account in matching the experimental and theoretical levels. Special attention has been paid to transitions from the first two excited 0+ levels to the

2

1

+

and

2

2

+

levels, as these indicate the change of shape phases with spherical and deformed potential minimum. The three parameters of the Hamiltonian have been determined by a weighted least square fit procedure. Trends in the location of states belonging to the ground-state, the K

π
= 2+ and two excited K

π
= 0+ bands have been analysed. The trajectory determined by the fitted parameters in the two-dimensional phase space has also been plotted, and it has been found that all the nuclei are characterized by a deformed potential minimum, except for the heaviest Pt isotope (198Pt), for which the transition to the spherical shape phase is realised. Although the spectroscopic information on the next isotopes of the chains (200Pt and 194Os) is far less complete, there are indications that these nuclei are also close to or fall within the domain of spherical potential minimum.
Operation reliability monitoring towards fault diagnosis of airplane hydraulic system using Quick Access Recorder flight data
Authors: Pan Wei-Huang , Feng Yun-Wen , Liu Jiaqi , Lu Cheng
Published: February 2023

Hydraulic system operation reliability (HSOR) can evaluate time series state reliability for hydraulic system fault diagnosis and provide condition based maintenance decisions. The quick access recorder (QAR) flight data and normal values of the hydraulic system are utilized to analyze time series HSOR by calculating the operation reliability index. Considering the relationship of the hydraulic subsystem among the components, hydraulic components Bayesian Network is constructed to analyze time series HSOR. Furthermore, the sensitivity of HSOR features to fault location is assessed using categorical boosting (CatBoost) and Shapley Additive ex-Planations values. Through the analysis of two flights hydraulic system QAR datasets, it is revealed that (a) HSOR can accurately monitor the time series operating states of the hydraulic system; and (b) with demonstrating two illustrative case, the HSOR values and features sensitivity analysis can be a useful reference for the fault diagnosis and location of the airplane hydraulic system. The study intends to develop a practical reference approach for hydraulic system fault diagnosis and location using QAR data.
Hierarchical graph neural network with adaptive cross-graph fusion for remaining useful life prediction
Authors: Wang Gang , Zhang Yanan , Lu Mingfeng , Wu Zhangjun
Published: February 2023

Multi-sensor monitoring data provide abundant information resources for complex machine systems, which facilitates monitoring the degradation process of machinery and ensuring the reliability of the industrial process. However, previous prognostic methods focus more on the sequential data obtained from multi-sensors, while ignoring the underlying prior structural information of the equipment. To fully leverage the structural information into the modeling process, and thus improve the remaining useful life (RUL) prediction performance, a hierarchical graph neural network with adaptive cross-graph fusion (HGNN-ACGF) method for RUL prediction is proposed in this study. In the HGNN-ACGF method, a hierarchical graph consisting of a sensor graph and a module graph is constructed by introducing the structural information to fully model the degradation trend information of the complex machine system. Besides, the graph neural network (GNN) is adopted to learn the representation at both the module graph and sensor graph, and an adaptive cross-graph fusion (ACGF) block is proposed. Owing to the cross-graph fusion block, the representation from different graphs can be fused adaptively by considering the relative importance between different modules and sensors. To verify the proposed method, the experiments were conducted on a set of degradation data sets of aircraft engines provided by the Commercial Modular Aero-Propulsion System Simulation. The experimental results show that the proposed method has superior performance in RUL prediction over the state-of-the-art methods.
Short-lived radioactive 8Li and 8He ions for hadrontherapy: a simulation study
Authors: Schnelzauer L , Valentin S , Traykov E , Arbor N , Finck Ch , Vanstalle M
Published: February 2023

Purpose. Although charged particle therapy (CPT) for cancer treatment has grown these past years, the use of protons and carbon ions for therapy remains debated compared to x-ray therapy. While a biological advantage of protons is not clearly demonstrated, therapy using carbon ions is often pointed out for its high cost. Furthermore, the nuclear interactions undergone by carbons inside the patient are responsible for an additional dose delivered after the Bragg peak, which deteriorates the ballistic advantage of CPT. Therefore, a renewed interest for lighter ions with higher biological efficiency than protons was recently observed. In this context, helium and lithium ions represent a good compromise between protons and carbons, as they exhibit a higher linear energy transfer (LET) than protons in the Bragg peak and can be accelerated by cyclotrons. The possibility of accelerating radioactive 8Li, decaying in 2 α-particles, and 8He, decaying in 8Li by β
− decay, is particularly interesting. Methods. This work aims to assess the interest of the use of 8Li and 8He ions for therapy by Monte Carlo simulations carried out with Geant4. Results. It was calculated that the 8Li and 8He decay results in an increase of the LET of almost a factor 2 in the Bragg peak compared to stable 7Li and 4He. This results also in a higher dose deposited in the Bragg peak without an increase of the dose in the plateau region. It was also shown that both 8He and 8Li can have a potential interest for prompt-gamma monitoring techniques. Finally, the feasibility of accelerating facilities delivering 8Li and 8He was also discussed. Conclusion. In this study, we demonstrate that both 8Li and 8He have interesting properties for therapy. Indeed, simulations predict that 8Li and 8He are a good compromise between proton and 12C, both in terms of LET and dose.
Effect of reduced geometric dimensions on torque generation in two plate rotor magnetorheological brake with in-house magnetorheological fluid
Authors: Kariganaur Ashok Kumar , Kadam Shubham , Kumar Hemantha , Arun M
Published: February 2023

The present study is aimed to evaluate the torque generation capacity of a two plate rotor magnetorheological (MR) brake using in-house prepared MR fluid. The prepared MR fluids were studied for sedimentation rate at different temperatures and flow characterization at different currents and at specific temperatures. The yield stress of the fluid is explored through Herschel–Bulkley model. The results depict significant increase in sedimentation rate and decrease in yield stress with increase in temperature of the MR fluid. MR brake (model-1) is fabricated after finite element method magnetics exhibit magnetic field of approximately 0.145 T in the shear gap than other two models (model-2 and model-3) considered in this study. Characterization of the MR brake illustrates that there is an increase in torque with increasing current. Further tests have been carried out to identify the effect of sedimentation on torque generation at 52 °C after 15 h of sedimentation. The results indicate 16% reduction in the initial torque because of settling of particles. MR fluid and particles characterization illustrates that 322 °C and 400 °C are critical points in controlling the MR fluid input parameters.
Confinement induced frustration in a one-dimensional

Z2

lattice gauge theory
Authors: Kebrič Matjaž , Borla Umberto , Schollwöck Ulrich , Moroz Sergej , Barbiero Luca , Grusdt Fabian
Published: February 2023

Coupling dynamical charges to gauge fields can result in highly non-local interactions with a linear confining potential. As a consequence, individual particles bind into mesons which, in one dimension, become the new constituents of emergent Luttinger liquids (LLs). Furthermore, at commensurate fillings, different Mott-insulating states can be stabilized by including nearest-neighbour (NN) interactions among charges. However, rich phase diagrams expected in such models have not been fully explored and still lack comprehensive theoretical explanation. Here, by combining numerical and analytical tools, we study a simple one-dimensional

Z

2

lattice gauge theory at half-filling, where U(1) matter is coupled to gauge fields and interacts through NN repulsion. We uncover a rich phase diagram where the local NN interaction stabilizes a Mott state of individual charges (or partons) on the one hand, and an LL of confined mesons on the other. Furthermore, at the interface between these two phases, we uncover a highly frustrated regime arising due to the competition between the local NN repulsion and the non-local confining interactions, realizing a pre-formed parton plasma. Our work is motivated by the recent progress in ultracold atom experiments, where such simple model could be readily implemented. For this reason we calculate the static structure factor which we propose as a simple probe to explore the phase diagram in an experimental setup.
Resonance excitation of nonlinear wake field by non-uniform train of laser pulses
Authors: Yousefi Fatemeh , Mirzanejhad Saeed , Sohbatzadeh Farshad
Published: January 2023

Wake field excitation by a train of the laser pulses is an attractive branch of the laser wake field acceleration (LWFA). In this paper, we first discuss analytical formalism for constructing uniform and non-uniform train of laser pulses from a chirped laser pulse in the Michelson interferometer. Afterward, special criteria for resonance generation of wake field with the laser multi-pulses (MP-LWFA) are discussed numerically. We show that in the nonlinear regime of the laser wake field, a non-uniform train of laser pulse can be attractive in maintaining the resonance condition. For large laser amplitudes, 3 < a
0 < 10 (a
0
= eE/mcω), the optimized non-uniform train of laser pulses shows >30% increase in the acceleration gradient compared to the uniform train of laser pulses.
Sensing quantum nature of primordial gravitational waves using electromagnetic probes
Authors: Shojaei Arani F , Bagheri Harouni M , Lamine Brahim , Blanchard Alain
Published: January 2023

Based on optical medium analogy, we establish a formalism to describe the interaction between an electromagnetic (EM) system with gravitational waves (GWs) background. After a full discussion on the classical treatment of the EM-GW interaction and finding the EM field mode-functions in the presence of the magneto-dielectric media caused by GWs, the governing quantum interaction Hamiltonian is obtained. Investigation of the optical quadrature variance as well as the visibility of a laser field interacting with the multi-mode squeezed primordial gravitational waves imply that the inflationary primordial gravitational waves (PGWs) act as a decoherence mechanism that destroy EM coherency after a characteristic time scale, τ

c
, which depends on the inflationary parameters (β, β

s
, r), or equivalently, the fractional energy density of PGWs, Ω
gw,0. The decoherency mechanism overcomes the coherent effects, such as revivals of optical squeezing, thus leaving their confirmation out of reach. Influenced by the continuum of the squeezed PGWs, the laser field suffers a line-width broadening by

γ
=

τ

c

−
1

. The most peculiar property of the EM spectrum is the apparition of side bands at

ω
∼

ω

0

±
1.39

τ

c

−
1

Hz, stemming from the squeezed nature of PGWs. The laser phase noise induced by the squeezed PGWs grows with time squarely,

Δ
ϕ
=

t

/

τ

c

2

, that can most possibly be sensed within a finite flight time.
Quantum information masking of an arbitrary unknown state can be realized in the multipartite lower-dimensional systems
Authors: Shang Wei-Min , Fan Xing-Yan , Zhang Fu-Lin , Chen Jing-Ling
Published: January 2023

Quantum information masking is a protocol that hides the original quantum information from subsystems and spreads it over quantum correlation, which is available to multipartite except bipartite systems. In this work, we explicitly study the quantum information masking in multipartite scenario and prove that there exists an universal quantum masker can mask the information encoding in the unknown states into a multipartite system with lower-dimensional local systems, namely, all the k-level quantum states can be masked into a m-qudit systems (m ≥ 4) whose local dimension d ≤ k . In order to observe the masking process intuitively, explicitly controlled operations are provided. Our scheme well demonstrates the abundance of quantum correlation between multipartite quantum system and has potential application in the security of quantum information processing.
Combined effects of surface sharpness and transverse curvature on thermal transport in separating flow region
Authors: Mehmood Ahmer , Shah Babar Hussain , Raza Iqrar
Published: January 2023

Heat transfer analysis in a retarded laminar boundary layer over bodies of revolution with a variable radius subject to retarded surface temperature is presented. This study focuses to develop numerical data for local Nusselt number N

ux
under the influence of retarded free stream velocity and decreasing surface temperature along with body contour and surface transverse curvature. With the use of such retarded velocities and body contour the similarity of flow phenomenon does not sustain, and the problem becomes non-similar in nature which has been solved using an efficient numerical scheme, commonly known as Keller-Box. The effects of pertinent parameters such as exponent of free stream velocity m, exponent of surface temperature q, body contour n, and surface transverse curvature k on temperature profile, rate of heat transfer at the surface, and energy thickness of thermal boundary layer are presented through various graphs and tables. The rate of heat transfer and the energy thickness of the thermal boundary layer are observed to decrease with increasing levels of retardation. Furthermore, the rate of heat transfer decreases as the body contour parameter increases, whereas the surface transverse curvature parameter exhibits the opposite trend.
Suddenly switching-on interaction in the relativistic strophotron
Authors: Oganesyan K B , Akopian A A , Dzierżęga K , Gevorgyan A H , Hnatic M , Kopcansky P
Published: January 2023

The equations of motion in the transition layer of a free-electron laser of the relativistic strophotron type are studied. Two types of strophotrons are considered: electric and magnetic. It is shown, that the condition of a suddenly switching-on interaction: smallness of the transition layer at the entrance compared to the distance traveled by the electron in longitudinal direction in one period of transverse oscillations in strophotron is realistic and feasible.
Effect of aggregation on thermally activated delayed fluorescence and ultralong organic phosphorescence: QM/MM study
Authors: Zhang 张 Qun 群 , Wang 王 Xiaofei 晓菲 , Wu 吴 Zhimin 智敏 , Li 李 Xiaofang 小芳 , Zhang 张 Kai 凯 , Song 宋 Yuzhi 玉志 , Fan 范 Jianzhong 建忠 , Wang 王 Chuan-Kui 传奎 , Lin 蔺 Lili 丽丽
Published: January 2023

Aggregation-induced thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) phenomena have attracted extensive attention recently. In this paper, several theoretical models including monomer, dimer, and complex are used for the explanation of the luminescent properties of (R)-5-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-2-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione ((R)-ImNCz), which was recently reported [Chemical Engineering Journal
418 129167 (2021)]. The polarizable continuum model (PCM) and the combined quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics (QM/MM) method are adopted in simulation of the property of the molecule in the gas phase, solvated in acetonitrile and in aggregation states. It is found that large spin–orbit coupling (SOC) constants and a smaller energy gap between the first singlet excited state and the first triplet excited state (ΔE
st) in prism-like single crystals (SCp-form) are responsible for the TADF of (R)-lmNCz, while no TADF is found in block-like single crystals (SCb-form) with a larger ΔE
st. The multiple ultralong phosphorescence (UOP) peaks in the spectrum are of complex origins, and they are related not only to ImNCz but also to a minor amount of impurities (ImNBd) in the crystal prepared in the laboratory. The dimer has similar phosphorescence emission wavelengths to the (R)-lmNCz-SCp monomers. The complex composed of (R)-lmNCz and (R)-lmNBd contributes to the phosphorescent emission peak at about 600 nm, and the phosphorescent emission peak at about 650 nm is generated by (R)-lmNBd. This indicates that the impurity could also contribute to emission in molecular crystals. The present calculations clarify the relationship between the molecular aggregation and the light-emitting properties of the TADF emitters and will therefore be helpful for the design of potentially more useful TADF emitters.
Band engineering of valleytronics WSe2–MoS2 heterostructures via stacking form, magnetic moment and thickness
Authors: Wu 吴 Yanwei 彦玮 , Zhang 张 Zongyuan 宗源 , Ma 马 Liang 亮 , Liu 刘 Tao 涛 , Hao 郝 Ning 宁 , Lü 吕 Wengang 文刚 , Long 龙 Mingsheng 明生 , Shan 单 Lei 磊
Published: January 2023

Spin-valley polarization and bandgap regulation are critical in the developing of quantum devices. Here, by employing the density functional theory, we investigate the effects of stacking form, thickness and magnetic moment in the electronic structures of WSe2–MoS2 heterostructures. Calculations show that spin-valley polarization maintains in all situations. Increasing thickness of 2H-MoS2 not only tunes the bandgap but also changes the degeneracy of the conduction band minimums (CBM) at K/K
1 points. Gradual increase of micro magnetic moment tunes the bandgap and raises the valence band maximums (VBM) at Γ point. In addition, the regulation of band gap by the thickness of 2H-MoS2 and introduced magnetic moment depends on the stacking type. Results suggest that WSe2–MoS2 heterostructure supports an ideal platform for valleytronics applications. Our methods also give new ways of optical absorption regulation in spin-valley devices.
Optical spectroscopy of CrO and electronic states of the Cr group metal monoxides
Authors: Zhang Lei , Yu Yao , Ma Xinwen , Yang Jie
Published: January 2023

All of the experimentally known electronic states of the Cr group metal monoxides (CrO, MoO, and WO) have been presented in the paper. The optical spectra of the CrO molecule have been investigated in the gas phase through a combination of the laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) excitation and single-vibronic-level (SVL) emission spectroscopy in the supersonic expansion. The rotational constants of the vibronic electronic states, including X5Π−1 (v″ = 0–3), B5Π−1 (v′ = 0–10), and B5Π1 (v′ = 1, 5), and the vibrational constants of the spin–orbit components X5Π−1,0,1 have been obtained. The molecular constants of the MoO and WO molecules have been summarized by reviewing the previous spectroscopic studies, and a comprehensive energy level diagram of the Cr group metal monoxides has been constructed. By comparing the electronic configurations, bond lengths, and vibrational frequencies of all the transition metal monoxides in the ground electronic state, the significance of the relativistic effect in the bonding of the 5d transition metal monoxides has been discussed. The related spectroscopic data of the CrO molecule are available at https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00085.
Lattice thermal conductivity switching via structural phase transition in ferromagnetic VI3
Authors: Wu Chao , Liu Chenhan
Published: January 2023

The realization of reversible thermal conductivity through ferromagnetic ordering can improve the heat management and energy efficiency in magnetic materials-based devices. VI3, as a new layered ferromagnetic semiconductor, exhibits a structural phase transition from monoclinic (C2/m) to rhombohedral (

R

3
¯

) phase as temperature decreases, making it a suitable platform to investigate thermal switching in magnetic phase transition materials. This work reveals that the thermal switching ratio of VI3 can reach 3.9 along the a-axis. Mechanical properties analysis indicates that the C2/m structure is stiffer than the

R

3
¯

one, causing the larger phonon velocity in C2/m phase. Moreover, due to the fewer phonon branches in C2/m phase, the number of phonon--phonon scattering channels in C2/m phase is smaller compared to that of

R

3
¯

phase. Both the larger phonon velocity and the longer phonon lifetime lead to larger lattice thermal conductivity in C2/m phase. This study uncovers the mechanical and thermal properties of VI3, which provides useful guides for designing magnetic materials-based devices such as thermal switch.
Advancing thermoelectrics by suppressing deep-level defects in Pb-doped AgCrSe2 alloys
Authors: Wang Yadong , Zhang Fujie , Rao Xuri , Feng Haoran , Lin Liwei , Ren Ding , Liu Bo , Ang Ran
Published: January 2023

AgCrSe2-based compounds have attracted much attention as an environmentally friendly thermoelectric material in recent years due to the intriguing liquid-like properties. However, the ultra-low carrier concentration and the high AgCr deep-level defects limit the overall thermoelectric performance. Here, we successfully introduced Pb into Ag-deficient Ag0.97CrSe2 alloys to tune the carrier concentration across a broad temperature range. The Pb2+ as an acceptor dopant preferentially occupies Cr sites, boosting the hole carrier concentration to 1.77 × 1019 cm−3 at room temperature. Furthermore, the Pb strongly inhibits the creation of intrinsic AgCr defects, weakens the increased thermal excited ionization with the increasing temperature and slowed the rising trend of the carrier concentration. The designed carrier concentration matches the theoretically predicted optimized one over the entire temperature range, leading to a remarkable enhancement in power factor, especially the maximum power factor of ∼ 500 μW⋅m−1⋅K−2 at 750 K is superior to most previous results. Additionally, the abundant point defects promote phonon scattering, thus reducing the lattice thermal conductivity. As a result, the maximum figure of merit zT (∼ 0.51 at 750 K) is achieved in Ag0.97Cr0.995Pb0.005Se2. This work confirms the feasibility of manipulating deep-level defects to achieve temperature-dependent optimal carrier concentration and provides a valuable guidance for other thermoelectric materials.
Morphological features and nanostructures generated during SiC graphitization process
Authors: Kong Wen-Xia , Duan Yong , Zhang Jin-Zhe , Wang Jian-Xin , Cai Qun
Published: January 2023

Surface morphological features and nanostructures generated during SiC graphitization process can significantly affect fabrication of high-quality epitaxial graphene on semiconductor substrates. In this work, we investigate the surface morphologies and atomic structures during graphitization process of 4H-SiC (0001) using scanning tunneling microscopy. Our high-magnified scanning-tunneling-microscope images exhibit the appearance and gradual developments of SiC (1 × 1) nanostructures after 1100 °C cleaning treatments, irregularly distributed among carbon nanocaps and

(

3

×

3

)

reconstruction domains. A model for the formation and growth progression of SiC (1 × 1) nanostructures has been proposed. When post-annealing temperature reaches 1300 °C, the nanoholes and nanoislands can be observed on the surface, and multilayer graphene is often detected lying on the top surface of those nanoislands. These results provide profound insights into the complex evolution process of surface morphology during SiC thermal decomposition and will shed light on fabrication of SiC nanostructures and graphene nanoflakes.
Entanglement and negativity Hamiltonians for the massless Dirac field on the half line
Authors: Rottoli Federico , Murciano Sara , Tonni Erik , Calabrese Pasquale
Published: January 2023

We study the ground-state entanglement Hamiltonian of several disjoint intervals for the massless Dirac fermion on the half-line. Its structure consists of a local part and a bi-local term that couples each point to another one in each other interval. The bi-local operator can be either diagonal or mixed in the fermionic chiralities and it is sensitive to the boundary conditions. The knowledge of such entanglement Hamiltonian is the starting point to evaluate the negativity Hamiltonian, i.e. the logarithm of the partially transposed reduced density matrix, which is an operatorial characterisation of entanglement of subsystems in mixed states. We find that the negativity Hamiltonian inherits the structure of the corresponding entanglement Hamiltonian. We finally show how the continuum expressions for both these operators can be recovered from exact numerical computations in free-fermion chains.
A Transparent Tunable Broadband Microwave Absorber Based on Multi-layer Structure by Patterned Graphene
Authors: Ma Limin , Wang Zhenghua , Han Xiaoyu
Published: January 2023

As the increasingly complicated electromagnetic environment, it is crucial to develop the performance of transparent microwave absorbers. Here we proposed a transparent tunable broadband microwave absorber, which is consisted of double-layer graphene rings and metallic grids. The microwave shielding properties can be changed by adjusting the dielectric layer thickness, graphene Fermi energy and relaxation time. Based on the simulated results, the proposed transparent microwave absorber can achieve microwave absorption of over 85% at a frequency range of 4.61–9.75 GHz, indicating a relative absorption bandwidth nearly 71.6% and a normalized transmittance of 88.8% in the visible band.
Robust Planning Method for Photovoltaic Microgrid Energy Storage Considering Source-Load Flexibility Resources
Authors: Xu Xianghai , Shang Jiayi , Chen Zhiyuan , Zhang Zhipeng
Published: January 2023

The microgrid based on distributed generation is one of the new forms of power system distribution network, and energy storage can provide important support for the access of distributed generation. Due to the shortcomings of the traditional photovoltaic microgrid energy storage method, the energy storage capacity is low. To improve the energy storage level of the photovoltaic microgrid, the robustness planning method of photovoltaic microgrid energy storage considering the flexibility resources of source, network and load is studied. Based on the flexibility resources of the microgrid, the balance index of flexibility supply and demand and the planning index of flexibility response capability is proposed. According to the source-network load algorithm, the optimal scheme of resource complementation is obtained. Based on the storage battery and supercapacitor of the photovoltaic microgrid, the photovoltaic microgrid energy storage robust configuration model is constructed. Comparing the energy storage planning method designed in this paper with two groups of traditional methods, the experimental results show that in the same energy storage time, the energy storage capacity of this method accounts for 50.49%, while that of the traditional group 1 and group 2 is 32.52% and 41.26%, respectively. The proposed PV microgrid robust planning method considering source-load flexibility is reasonable and effective in the energy storage resource allocation scheme, which is of great significance for promoting energy transformation and building a new power system.
Rational Design of Future Potential Electric Aircraft
Authors: Xi Mingze
Published: January 2023

With the development of science and technology, the shortage of fossil energy has become a problem that cannot be ignored. The main significance of studying electric aircraft is to reduce energy consumption and achieve green travel. The electric airplane project is very unusual. It can change the energy use of the world. If the electric airplane can be designed, it will be used in other fields, such as aviation. The advantages of electric aircraft, such as low cost, high efficiency, and sustainability, can reduce the world’s oil energy consumption. In addition, it is believed that many people have built electric vehicles. The noise of electric vehicles will be quieter than that of fossil fuel aircraft. This green energy can make the world develop and progress faster. Furthermore, the low price, energy conservation, environmental protection, and low cost have huge commercial potential. The paper organization mainly consists of the new battery, electric motor vs. jet, thermal energy, and required energy.
Adaptive neural control for chaotic permanent magnet synchronous motor with asymmetric input saturation
Authors: Liu Hongshan , Liu Huibo , Zhao Yanwei
Published: January 2023

This paper develops an adaptive neural control scheme for chaotic permanent magnet synchronous motor with asymmetric input saturation and full-state constraints. To solve the state constrain problem, a barrier Lyapunov function is introduced. Then, a sliding-mode differentiator is designed to avoid the “explosion of complexity” issue. A simulation example is given to verify the validity of the proposed scheme.