bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE NEGATIVE UTILITARIAN TRANSHUMANISM: A CASE STUDY OF BERTRAND ZOBRIST IN DAN BROWN'S INFERNO
Authors: Saeed Azhar Jalil , Talif Rosli
Published: October 2022

At the present time, the argument about the utilization of advanced technology to sustain human lives is controversial. The employment of technology such as biotechnology, genomics, nanotechnology, artificial intelligence, and cognitive neuroscience to redeem human beings from illness and death is called transhumanism. However, the focal point of this argument is to question the morality of transhumanism. Transhumanism and its proponents justify the various utilizations of technology that seek to ensure the advanced future of humanity. Thus, this notion corresponds to the theory of utilitarianism which legalizes the utilization of methods to guarantee the happiness of the majority. In this regard, this paper exhibits a case study from contemporary fiction to examine the transhumanist primary principle in the eyes of utilitarianism. The case study of this study is Bertrand Zobrist, a transhumanist scientist in Dan Brown’s Inferno, who seeks to utilize biotechnology to save the future of humanity. The conducted methodology of this study includes observations of a case study by extracting excerpts from the novel and applying discourse analysis. Hence, through the character of Zobrist, this study highlights the cross points between transhumanism and negative utilitarianism that prioritizes the reduction of pain in comparison to maximizing the happiness of the majority. Furthermore, the study seeks to debate the concept of negative utilitarian morality when it comes to examining the transhumanist aspect of Zobrist.
Development of CNN-based GUI for detection of non-motorized vehicles
Authors: UĞUZ Sinan , ÇİFTÇİ Oğulcan
Published: October 2022

Today, various solutions are offered for traffic density. One of these suggestions is to popularize the use of bicycles in the category of non-motorized vehicles. For this, first of all, bicycle paths must be built. The use of bicycle lanes or the rate of bicycle use in normal traffic is an important data. Deep learning techniques, which have been popular in recent years, can be used to obtain this data. The aim of this study is to present a model that detects bicycles using various convolutional neural networks architectures. First of all, 962 open source bicycle images obtained from the internet are labeled. For this, trainings were conducted with YOLOv3, YOLOF, Faster R-CNN and Sparse R-CNN architectures. As a result of the trainings, a value of 0.92 mAP was reached with Faster R-CNN. At the end of the study, a software that detects bicycles in real time has been developed.
Passive Downward Heat Transfer in Reverse Thermosyphon Enabled Bubble Pump with Two Working Media for U-Tube Solar Thermal Collector
Authors: Sunil Arjun Kozhikkatil , Kumar Rakesh , Sunny Tide Porathoor
Published: October 2022

The study is aimed to evaluate the impact of multi-phase nanofluid flow to enhance heat transfer. The effect of liquid medium and pumping medium together with enabling a bubble pump to reverse thermosyphon arranged as an extension of the U-tube of solar thermal collector could affect a passive downward heat transfer numerically. The liquid and pumping medium selection were based on different nanofluid and phase change material accomplishment with respect to their optimal concentrations, optimal geometry of the reverse thermosyphon were compared. The occurrence of dry out limit and expansion boiling phenomena were identified by experimental work. The amount of optimal heat transfer in reverse thermosyphon was adjudged with respect to the thermal resistance, temperature between evaporator and condenser, fill ratio, tilt angle, heat transfer coefficient, thermal efficiency, etc. In this paper, the effects of major control parameters on thermal performance of passive heat transfer of solar energy are discussed.

HIGHLIGHTS

Continuous operation of reverse thermosyphon with 2 working media, a bubble pump and using solar thermal collector as heat source and finned U-tube for a passive downward heat transfer is feasible

CFD model with a 2-D geometry considering multi-phase flow has successfully reproduced both the characteristics of fluid flow and heat transfer

Optimal heat transfer was adjudged with respect to the thermal resistance, temperature between evaporator and condenser, fill ratio, tilt angle, heat transfer coefficient, and thermal efficiency

Reduced rate of heat loss, increased rate of energy storage by integrating PCM directly inside the U-tube, and enhanced heat transfer by incorporating nanofluid with high heat capacity were realized

Suitable working media selection was vital and contributed in improved system efficiency and reduced operational cost

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Electrochemical/Microstructural Studies on the Corrosion of Prestressed Steel Strand in Concrete with Naturally Ingressing Chlorides
Authors: Joseline Dyana , Pillai Radhakrishna G.
Published: October 2022

The occurrence of environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) is as dependent on the aggressiveness of the environment as the susceptibility of the material and the presence of static tensile stresses. However, the influence of the environment has not been adequately considered in past investigations on EAC mechanisms of prestressing strands. This study utilizes various characterization techniques to evaluate the surface/bulk deterioration of corroded pretensioned concrete (PTC) specimens after natural chloride exposure (by diffusion through cover concrete). Corroded strands in two PTC prism specimens (3,000 mm × 150 mm × 200 mm) were characterized using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and other microanalytical techniques. The EIS and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images obtained after 1 y and 2 y of exposure revealed a negligible residual protectiveness of the passivated surface (although the concretes possessed high resistivity). Raman spectra, SEM, and x-ray computed tomography images of extracted corroded strands also provided unique insights into the pattern of corrosion propagation in PTC systems subjected to realistic chloride exposure. Microcracks in the bulk metal beneath flat-bottomed corrosion pits revealed the possible EAC at low chloride levels expected in service (<0.6% by weight of binder). The findings serve as a basis to define chloride-induced passive-to-active transition as the end of risk-free service life of PTC structures, and for considering it as the limit state for both service life design and corrosion assessment to avoid the onset of EAC.
The white elephant in the room
Authors: Grey Julie
Published: October 2022

The phrase “elephant in the room” refers to an evident issue which the majority of members are aware of but has been a topic that’s generally avoided or ignored by policy makers. The elephant is white because of recent focus on race in the US and worldwide. To support equity in emergency management, this letter discusses three different solutions for change.
Collective Debtor Action and Prefigurative Debt Politics
Authors: Sorg Christoph
Published: October 2022

Chapter 8 puts the previous chapters in motion and elaborates how new
forms of innovative collective action formed out of these organizational
and discursive practices. In the process, the chapter thus illustrates different
options for a democratization of finance and debt politics suggested
by actors in the field. I argue that debtor collective action faces several
options. They can either challenge hegemonic power structures in order
to push for reforms or transformation, de-link from said hegemony and
create autonomous structures as illustrated by attempts for a Bank of
the South and commons-based local banks or opt for a mix of thereof.
Conclusion: The City Remergent
Authors: de Pee Christian
Published: October 2022

The eleventh-century drainage system of Ganzhou, Jiangxi province, offers
a figure for the main arguments of Urban Life and Intellectual Crisis. As
the likely creation of prefect Liu Yi (1017-1086), it instances the intersection
of classical exegesis, civil engineering, and public health in the learning
and governance of eleventh-century literati, and the perception of urban
populations as both body physical and body politic. As a supremely effective
drainage system, moreover, it stands as a reminder of the non-linearity
of history and modernity. By preserving the historical connection between
the text and the city, this intellectual history of the city demonstrates that
defining elements of the cultural expression of modernity could exist and
did exist in a non-industrial society.
Spaces, Places and Things
Authors: Seland Eivind Heldaas
Published: October 2022

Early exchange along the maritime Silk Road not only spanned immense
distances, but was also subject to—among other things—seasonal weather
systems, hazardous waters, arid and sparsely populated coastlines with few
suitable harbours, and limits imposed by infrastructure and technology.
Juxtaposing theoretical models for the spatial organisation of premodern
exchange with the fragmentary record of experiences handed down in
historical sources, and modern digital methods for the analysis of spatial
relations, this chapter addresses how we can approach the space-placethings
conundrum in the context of early Indian Ocean exchange.
Networks and Cultural Mapping of South Asian Maritime Trade
Authors: de Saxcé Ariane
Published: October 2022

This chapter proposes a reappraisal of Indian Ocean trade networks in
Antiquity, with a special focus on spatial analysis of the cultural exchanges.
Exhaustive quantification and GIS mapping of artefacts that were imported
or imitated from the West in South Asia reveal different patterns of trade,
depending on the socio-political and cultural background of each region,
for example in Tamil Nadu and in the Deccan in India. Moreover, with
the tools of social network analysis, a complete view of the East-West
exchanges can be drawn, showing the complexity of the global networks
in the western Indian Ocean during the first few centuries of our Era.
Urban Demographics along the Asian Maritime Silk Road
Authors: Heng Derek
Published: October 2022

As a series of commercial networks and routes, the Maritime Silk Road
has provided a common body of material culture that has been traded
across different economic zones and markets. However, for port-cities,
their society and economy may be impacted by such factors as geography,
politics and ethnicity, resulting in unique characteristics that may be
elucidated from the variations in archaeologically recovered material
cultural remains. Over the last three decades, substantial archaeological
data of ceramics have been accrued from early second millennium AD
settlement sites in the Malacca Straits Region. Through the use of this
information, this paper seeks to identify the social status, demographic
differences and cultural identity-traits both between and within contemporaneous
port-cities in this region.
“I Didn’t Learn Any Occupation, so I Trade”
Authors: Rowedder Simon
Published: October 2022

This chapter attends to individual traders’ narratives that lie behind the
cosmopolitan outlook of local marketplaces in Luang Namtha province.
They reveal instances of entrepreneurial experimentation and accomplishments
rooted in notable degrees of transnational knowledge, experience,
and skills. Yet, closer examination is needed to render those visible as these
narratives are not formulated as success stories, but instead framed in
a markedly self-deprecating manner, downplaying the scale and professionalism
of their economic activities. Moreover, many traders outline
their involvement in trade as non-occupational as they have not learned
any proper occupation. This narrated weakness and insignificance, which
nonetheless allows in practice for successful entrepreneurial trajectories,
might be one reason for their virtual invisibility in scholarship on contemporary
socio-economic issues in Laos.
The deployment of the popular militias in the period 1514–1524
Authors: Mol Hans
Published: October 2022

Chapter Six examines the contribution of the militias to the fighting
parties in the civil war that raged in Friesland between 1514 and 1524,
between Habsburg and Guelders. Our survey shows that in the autumn
of 1514 they contributed a lot to the initial success of the Guelders’ duke.
The Frisian mood at that time was anti-Habsburg. Though their armament
was still inferior, their motivation was strong, and they were better led
than around 1500. Once things came to a stalemate, however, they only
had value if they could be deployed behind bulwarks. In the long run, the
duke of Guelders could not maintain his position due to a chronic lack of
money. The heavy taxation that ensued prompted most districts to opt
for the emperor and put their militia potential behind him, which led to
a numerical supremacy of the Habsburg forces and the final retreat of
Guelders in 1524.
Performing Fear in Television Production
Authors: Fong Siao Yuong
Published: October 2022

What goes into the ideological sustenance of an illiberal capitalist democracy? While much of the critical discussion of the media in authoritarian contexts focus on state power, the emphasis on strong states tend to perpetuate misnomers about the media as mere tools of the state and sustain myths about their absolute power.

Turning to the lived everyday of media producers in Singapore, I pose a series of questions that explore what it takes to perpetuate authoritarian resilience in the mass media. How, in what terms and through what means, does a politically stable illiberal Asian state like Singapore formulate its dominant imaginary of social order? What are the television production practices that perform and instantiate the social imaginary, and who are the audiences that are conjured and performed in the process? What are the roles played by imagined audiences in sustaining authoritarian resilience in the media? If, as I will argue in the book, audiences function as the central problematic that engenders anxieties and self-policing amongst producers, can the audience become a surrogate for the authoritarian state?
Fear and the Fragility of Myths
Authors: Fong Siao Yuong
Published: October 2022

Chapter One examines the myths that formulate the Singaporean state’s
construction of its social imaginary(s) – broadly capitalism and multiculturalism
with all their antagonisms. Through this chapter, I argue two
points. First, fear is the key discursive tool and affective logic through
which state and popular discourse make sense of social order. Second, the
multiple functions of fear center around struggles over the overdetermined
social. I discuss how the population as antagonism result in structural
and practical consequences for how media producers can imagine and
access audiences. Having set the structural and contextual scene, the
remaining four chapters explore ethnographically the cultural politics of
fear as manifested in production practices of different genres of television.
Making Reality TV: The Pleasures of Disciplining in a Control Society
Authors: Fong Siao Yuong
Published: October 2022

I end the book with a genre not commonly made in Singapore – Reality TV.
What are the possibilities for disrupting the status quo in the absence of
well-established conventions? ‘Feeling’ their way through the production
process, producers’ affective flows reflect the zeitgeist of Singapore’s
illiberal state and are testament to its authoritarian resilience. Traversing
from fear to anxiety to pleasure, Chapter Five focuses on how the affective
practices of producers were productive in creating stage-managed affective
spectacles emptied of any real controversy or social impact. I argue that
the result is a form of power that operates similar to Deleuze’s ‘control
societies’, moving beyond discipline to modulate producers’ behaviour
shaped by constantly shifting standards.
Introduction
Authors: Fong Siao Yuong
Published: October 2022

This chapter presents the theoretical and empirical puzzle of the book and
argues for the Singapore case as instructive to understanding authoritarian
resilience. Situated on the mercurial edge between state illiberalism and
capitalist forces, the group of independent television producers I study
embody the multiple subjectivities that navigate illiberal capitalist democracies.
The book explores the work involved in ideologically sustaining
such a social order through their lived experiences and practices. I provide
a theoretical mapping of the book to elaborate on how the two senses of
‘performing fear’ – first the performative practices that instantiate fear as
relational lens through which Singapore is to be understood; and second
the affective meaning-making practices of producers that conjure and
sustain audiences as anxiety-inducing – serve to perpetuate the existing
social order.
Historiographical Responses to Flavian Responses to Nero
Authors: Schulz Verena
Published: October 2022

This article focuses on the reception of the Flavian responses to Nero in
post-Flavian historiography and biography. First, it analyses the passages
in which Tacitus has the Neronian and the Flavian narrative interact in
the Annals, the Histories, and the Agricola. Tacitus mainly represents the
Flavian distance from Nero in the case of Vespasian (and Titus). Domitian,
however, is not distanced from Nero. Second, the article shows how Suetonius
presents a similar evaluation of the Flavian relationships with Nero
in even clearer terms. Third, Cassius Dio is analysed as being interested in
these emperors from the perspective of his contemporary history. Finally,
the results drawn from the historiographical discourse are contrasted with
Philostratus’ Vita Apollonii and with early Jewish–Christian literature.
Contesting Cosmopolitan Europe
Authors: Foley James , Korkut Umut , Jørgensen Martin Bak , Hoare George , Basbugoglu Tarik , Gyollai Daniel , Szałańska Justyna , Nicolson Marcus , Papatzani Evangelia , Petracou Electra , Ozduzen Ozge , Ianoșev Bogdan , Josipovic Ivan , Reeger Ursula , Smieszek Magdalena
Published: October 2022

The project of European integration has undergone a succession of shocks, beginning with the Eurozone crisis, followed by reactions to the sudden growth of irregular migration, and, most recently, the coronavirus pandemic. These shocks have politicised questions related to the governance of borders and markets that for decades had been beyond the realm of contestation. For some time, these questions have been spilling over into domestic and European electoral politics, with the rise of “populist” and Eurosceptic parties. Increasingly, however, the crises have begun to reshape the liberal narratives that have been central to the European project. This book charts the rise of contestation over the meaning of “Europe”, particularly in light of the coronavirus crisis and Brexit. Drawing together cutting edge, interdisciplinary scholarship from across the continent, it questions not merely the traditional conflict between European and nationalist politics, but the impact of contestation on the assumed “cosmopolitan” values of Europe.
“Leave a Light on for Scotland”
Authors: Nicolson Marcus
Published: October 2022

This chapter examines the relationship between Scottish nationalism
and Europeanness. I investigate pro-European rhetoric as used by the
Scottish National Party (SNP) in public discourse and contrast the message
of this discourse with survey evidence. Through this Scottish case
study, it is revealed that Scottish pro-Europeanness has been contested
in public debate over the last decades. Today Scottish nationalism, and
support for the European Union, remains more nuanced than many outside
observers may conclude. This study reaches three main conclusions. The
first point is that a hyperactive politicised Europeanness in macro-level
politics has only marginal implications for the wider Scottish public. The
second is that Europeanness and nationalist identity are not inconsistent.
Lastly, Scotland’s mainstream political framing of immigration has been
employed to justify Scottish distinctiveness, and garner support for an
independent Scotland in Europe.
Emerging Civic Urbanisms in Asia
Authors: Cho Im Sik , KRIZNIK Blaz , Hou Jeffrey , Ching Wong Shiau , Kam Ng Mee , Yen Liang-Yi , Christ Melissa Cate , Tieben Hendrik , Kim Su , Lee Taehee , Han Sukyoung , Lim Jan Hui Min , Yeung Larry , Broeck Pieter , Chu Cecilia L. , Catalán Eraso Marta , Ng Huiying , Rutis Monika , Lee Vivian , Chen Chingwei , Koe Marcus
Published: October 2022

In parts of Asia, citizens are increasingly involved in shaping their neighbourhoods and cities, representing a significant departure from earlier state-led or market-driven urban development. These emerging civic urbanisms are a result of an evolving relationship between the state and civil society. The contributions in this volume provide critical insights into how the changing state–civil society relationship affects the recent surge of civic urbanism in Hong Kong, Seoul, Singapore, and Taipei, and the authors present eighteen cases of grassroots activism and resistance, collaboration and placemaking, neighbourhood community building, and self-organization and commoning in these cities. Exploring how citizen participation and state–civil society partnerships contribute to more resilient and participatory neighbourhoods and cities, the authors use the concept of civic urbanisms not only as a conceptual framework to understand the ongoing social and urban change but as an aspirational model of urban governance for cities in Asia and beyond.
Urban Planning, Public Interest, and Spatial Justice
Authors: Yen Liang-Yi
Published: October 2022

Using the Lo-Sheng Sanatorium Preservation Movement as a case study, this
chapter examines several substantial problems in urban planning theories,
including the multiplicity of public interests, the necessity of framing public
interest from the perspective of spatial justice, and the changing relationship
between the state and civil society in the planning process. By exploring
various urban discourses proposed by a plurality of groups concerning the
Lo-Sheng heritage site, I argue that the Lo-Sheng Preservation Movement
demonstrates how heritage activism can reshape public interest and change
the state’s relationship with civil society. As such, the movement was an
invaluable milestone in the emergence of civic urbanism in Taipei.
Placemaking as Social Learning
Authors: Hou Jeffrey
Published: October 2022

This chapter examines the Open Green Programme in Taipei that provides
funding support for community placemaking projects to spur communitybased
urban regeneration. By involving multiple stakeholders including
community organizers, volunteers, professionals, and government
staff, the programme offers an opportunity to examine processes and
mechanisms that facilitate social learning in community-based planning
and placemaking. Through interviews with different stakeholders,
including community participants, professionals, and government staff,
this chapter explores the processes through which social learning and
capacity-building have occurred. It further examines the ongoing issues
and challenges facing the programme and reflects on the implications
for the ongoing development of civic urbanism and urban governance
in East Asia.
Netherlandish and Italian Female Portraiture in the Fifteenth Century
Authors: Toreno Elisabetta
Published: October 2022

This book investigates the aesthetic and conceptual characteristics of fifteenth-century female portraiture on panel. Portraits of women increased substantially during this century. They formed part of a material and a visual culture borne out of the rapid rise of an oligarchy from entrepreneurial activities that was especially advanced in the urbanised territories of Italy and Flanders. For this reason, the portraits in this book are by Netherlandish and Italian painters. They are simultaneously illustrative of the emancipation of the genre from its medieval idiom, and of the responses to the matrix of patriarchy, under which society was organised. Patriarchy is an androcentric structure that places women in a paradoxical situation of legal and social disenfranchisement on the account of purported psychophysical inadequacy, whilst making them the catalysts, through arranged marriages, for the success of the spheres of power, which are controlled by men. Thus, these portraits are also a window into women’s lives in this structure. This book is the first systematic study of their sign-system and of the feminine experience of seeing and being seen, at the intersection of disciplines that include art history, anthropology, legal history, philosophy. The surprising results suggest new interpretations of form and function in female portraiture, women’s active role in the imaging process and the early instances of a pro-women ideology.
Women in Marriage Portraiture
Authors: Toreno Elisabetta
Published: October 2022

This chapter surveys the genesis of Christian marriage. Its aim is to probe how the
popular practice of this sacrament underpinned the continuity of its patrimonial,
patrilineal, and patriarchal values. It considers the points of contact between
nuptial rituals and marital portraiture in the fifteenth century. The visual analysed
are rooted in three novel ideas: 1. Alongside betrothal and nuptial events, portraits
celebrated the sexual consummation of the union. I have called these likenesses
“Morgengabe portraits” to stress their affinity with gifts that women once
received after their virginity was lost in the marriage bed. 2. Because of pre-marital
uncertainties, the commissions for the portraits of the female betrothed received
priority over those of their male companions. 3. The conditions of spectatorship
were phenomenological and relational, and were augmented by mnemo-techniques
and by the storage methods for these items.
Netherlandish Female Portraiture in Context
Authors: Toreno Elisabetta
Published: October 2022

The term Netherlandish portraiture is associated with a type of three-quarter view
that became popular in the early fifteenth century among the wealthy community
of the Duchy of Burgundy, a territory roughly comparable with Belgium today.
Its quasi-photographic effects were achieved through the slow-drying process of
their oil medium, used for the first time on panel. This style brought to maturity
a pre-existing trend towards naturalistic physiognomy and, this chapter argues,
encapsulated the complex social identity of the short-lived Duchy. Central to
this analysis are the female likenesses, which have never received attention as a
group. The subjects’ miens and the muted colours of their clothing create an aura
of solemnity that is enhanced by the neutral backgrounds. I propose to call them
“icons of humility,” a term that paraphrases the description of female followers
of the evangelical group Devotio Moderna, popular in the region. The discussion
includes technical, contextual, and taxonomical considerations which have
hitherto been unresolved.
Addressing the prevalence of alcohol and drug abuse among the youth in the Presbyterian churches in Kenya
Authors: Lucy Mutare Mathai
Published: October 2022

This article sought to assess the reasons for the prevalence of alcohol and drug abuse among the youth in the Presbyterian churches (PCEA) and to investigate the success rate of the strategies used by the PCEA in addressing alcohol and drug abuse among the youth. Three PCEA regions were selected using the multistage cluster sampling technique. A proportional sampling technique was used to get PCEA Presbytery moderators, church elders, Parish ministers and youth members. The youth who are abusing alcohol and drugs were identified through the snowball sampling technique. Purposive sampling was used to select the Youth Director. A descriptive survey research design was used to obtain qualitative data. Instruments for data collection were questionnaires, structured interview schedules and focus group discussions. Data were analyzed qualitatively and presented in summary form using frequency tables and discussions. The study established that the reasons for the prevalence of alcohol and drug abuse among the youth in the PCEA are peer influence, curiosity and easy availability of alcohol and drugs. The strategies used by PCEA in addressing alcohol and drug abuse include seminars and workshops (56%), bible studies (31%), alcoholic forums (44%), youth camps and conferences (56%), rallies and crusades (43%), guidance and counselling programmes (45%), youth engagement in community work (71%) and having a drug education desk (30%). The study recommends that the Church should reassess the strategies with the aim of making them more effective. The youth should be involved in the management of the strategies.
Lenvatinib and Pembrolizumab (Lenvima and Keytruda)
Authors: CADTH
Published: October 2022

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.

The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.

This review assesses Lenvima (lenvatinib) 20 mg (two 10 mg capsules) orally once daily in combination with Keytruda (pembrolizumab) administered as an IV infusion over 30 minutes every 3 weeks.

Indication: In combination with pembrolizumab, for the treatment of adult patients with advanced (not amenable to curative surgery or radiation) or metastatic RCC with no prior systemic therapy for metastatic RCC.
Size-resolved dust direct radiative effect efficiency derived from satellite observations
Authors: Song Qianqian , Zhang Zhibo , Yu Hongbin , Kok Jasper F. , Di Biagio Claudia , Albani Samuel , Zheng Jianyu , Ding Jiachen
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The role of mineral dust aerosol in the global radiative energy budget is often
quantified by the dust direct radiative effect (DRE). The dust DRE strongly
depends on dust aerosol optical depth (DAOD), therefore, DRE efficiency
(DREE = DRE / DAOD) is widely compared across different studies to eliminate
differences due to the various dust loads. Nevertheless, DREE is still
influenced by the uncertainties associated with dust particle size
distribution (PSD) and optical properties. In this study, we derive a global
clear-sky size-resolved DREE dataset in both shortwave (SW) and longwave (LW) at top of
the atmosphere (TOA) and surface based on satellite observations (i.e.,
satellite-retrieved dust extinction spatial and vertical distributions). In
the DREE dataset, dust geometric diameter from 0.1 to 100 µm
is divided into 10 bins and the corresponding monthly mean DREE (with
respect to DAOD at 532 nm) for each size bin is derived by using the Rapid
Radiative Transfer Model (RRTM). Three sets of state of the art dust
refractive indices (RI) and two sets of dust shape models (sphere vs. spheroid) are adopted to investigate the sensitivity of dust DREE to dust
absorption and shape. As a result, the size-resolved dust DREE dataset
contains globally distributed monthly mean dust DREE at TOA and surface for
each of 10 size bins with 5∘ (longitude) ×2∘
(latitude) resolution as well as for each dust RI and shape combination. The
size-resolved dust DREE dataset can be used to readily calculate global dust
DRE for any DAOD and dust PSD, including the uncertainty in the DRE induced
by dust microphysical properties, (e.g., dust PSD, RI and shape). By
calculating dust DRE based on DAOD climatology retrieved from different
satellite sensors and based on different dust PSD, we find that uncertainty
in the spatial pattern of DAOD induces more than 10 % of the uncertainty
in SW dust DRE at TOA. The observation-based dust PSD induces around
15–20 % uncertainty in dust DRE at TOA and in the
atmosphere. The sensitivity assessments of dust DRE to dust RI and shape
further suggest that dust nonsphericity induces a negligible effect on dust
DRE estimations, while dust RI turns out to be the most important factor in
determining dust DRE, particularly in SW.
Ice water path retrievals from Meteosat-9 using quantile regression neural networks
Authors: Amell Adrià , Eriksson Patrick , Pfreundschuh Simon
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The relationship between geostationary radiances and ice water path (IWP) is complex, and traditional retrieval approaches are not optimal. This work applies machine learning to improve the IWP retrieval from Meteosat-9 observations, with a focus on low latitudes, training the models against retrievals based on CloudSat. Advantages of machine learning include avoiding explicit physical assumptions on the data, an efficient use of information from all channels, and easily leveraging spatial information. Thermal infrared (IR) retrievals are used as input to achieve a performance independent of the solar angle. They are compared with retrievals including solar reflectances as well as a subset of IR channels for compatibility with historical sensors. The retrievals are accomplished with quantile regression neural networks. This network type provides case-specific uncertainty estimates, compatible with non-Gaussian errors, and is flexible enough to be applied to different network architectures. Spatial information is incorporated into the network through a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture. This choice outperforms architectures that only work pixelwise. In fact, the CNN shows a good retrieval performance by using only IR channels. This makes it possible to compute diurnal cycles, a problem that CloudSat cannot resolve due to its limited temporal and spatial sampling. These retrievals compare favourably with IWP retrievals in CLAAS, a dataset based on a traditional approach. These results highlight the possibilities to overcome limitations from physics-based approaches using machine learning while providing efficient, probabilistic IWP retrieval methods. Moreover, they suggest this first work can be extended to higher latitudes as well as that geostationary data can be considered as a complement to the upcoming Ice Cloud Imager mission, for example, to bridge the gap in temporal sampling with respect to space-based radars.
A method for generating a quasi-linear convective system suitable for observing system simulation experiments
Authors: Labriola Jonathan D. , Wicker Louis J.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. To understand the impact of different assimilated observations on convection-allowing model forecast skill, a diverse range of observing system simulation experiment (OSSE) case studies are required (different storm modes and environments). Many previous convection-allowing OSSEs predicted the evolution of an isolated supercell generated via a warm air perturbation in a horizontally homogenous environment. This study introduces a new methodology where a quasi-linear convective system is generated in a highly-sheared and modestly unstable environment. Wind, temperature, and moisture perturbations superimposed on a horizontally homogeneous environment simulate a cold front that initiates an organized storm system that spawns multiple mesovortices. Mature boundary layer turbulence is also superimposed onto the initial environment to account for typical convective scale uncertainties. Creating an initial forecast ensemble remains a challenge for convection-allowing OSSEs because mesoscale uncertainties are difficult to quantify and represent. The generation of the forecast ensemble is described in detail. 24 hour full-physics simulations (e.g., radiative forcing, surface friction, microphysics) initialize the forecast ensemble. The simulations assume different surface conditions to alter surface moisture and heat fluxes and modify the effects of friction. The subsequent forecast ensemble contains robust non-gaussian errors that persist until corrected by the data assimilation system. An example OSSE suggests a combination of radar and conventional (surface and soundings) observations are required to produce a skilled quasi-linear convective system forecast, which is consistent with real case studies. The OSSE framework introduced in this study will be used to understand the impact of assimilated environmental observations on forecast skill.
Rapid estimation of seismic intensities by analysing early aftershock sequences using the robust locally weighted regression program (Lowess)
Authors: Zhao Huaiqun , Chen Wenkai , Zhang Can , Kang Dengjie
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Accurate and rapid assessment of seismic intensity after a destructive earthquake is essential for efficient early emergency response. Here, we propose an improved method for assessing seismic intensity by analysing aftershock sequences that occur within 2 h of mainshock. The implementation and specific utilisation of the method were demonstrated using specific earthquake examples. Then, the conditions for the application of the method were summarised based on the results of 59 earthquake events that occurred globally during 2000–2022. Very early aftershocks could roughly characterise the basic features of the mainshock rupture. The curve fitted to the aftershock sequence using the robust locally weighted regression programme (Lowess) was very close to the surface rupture in the linear directional mean. The Lowess-fitted curve showed that the aftershocks distributed at some distance from the tips of the fault may have been generated at very early stages of the earthquake. The results of Lowess were closer to the fault rupture situation when Mw ≥7.0 and aftershock numbers were 40–100. Aftershock catalogues obtained by conventional means are steadily to assess the seismic intensities within 1.5 h. When the aftershock numbers were large enough, the intensity assessment time could be greatly reduced. The ground motion attenuation model provided best values at Mw ≥7.5. Our work exploits early accessible data more efficiently by extending the data sources for seismic intensity assessment and is a significant reference point for exploring the relationship between early aftershock events and faults planes.
Spatiotemporal seismicity pattern of the Taiwan orogen
Authors: Wen Yi-Ying , Chen Chien-Chih , Wen Strong , Lu Wei-Tsen
Published: October 2022

Abstract. We investigate the temporal and spatial seismicity patterns prior to eight M>6 events nucleating in different regions of Taiwan through a region-time-length algorithm and an analysis of a self-organizing spinodal model. Our results reveal that the spatiotemporal seismicity variations during the preparation process of impending earthquakes display distinctive patterns corresponding to tectonic settings. Q-type events occur in southern Taiwan and experience a seismic quiescence stage prior to the mainshock. A seismicity decrease of 2.5<M<4.5 events occurs around the high b-value southern Central Range, which contributes to the accumulation of tectonic stress for preparing for the occurrence of the Q-type event. On the other hand, A-type events occur in central Taiwan and experience a seismic activation stage prior to the mainshock, which nucleates on the edge of the seismic activation area. We should consider when accelerating seismicity of 3<M<5 events appears within the low b-value area, which could promote the nucleation process of the A-type event.
Dynamic risk assessment of compound hazards based on VFS–IEM–IDM: a case study of typhoon–rainstorm hazards in Shenzhen, China
Authors: Gong Wenwu , Jiang Jie , Yang Lili
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Global warming has led to increased compound hazards, and an accurate risk assessment of such hazards is of great importance to urban emergency management. Due to the interrelations between multiple hazards, the risk assessment of a compound hazard faces several challenges: (1) the evaluation of hazard level needs to consider the correlations between compound hazard drivers, (2) usually only a small number of data samples are available for estimating the joint probability distribution of the compound hazard drivers and the loss caused by the hazards, and (3) the risk assessment process often ignores the temporal dynamics of compound hazard occurrences. This paper aims to address the mentioned challenges and develop an integrated risk assessment model VFS–IEM–IDM to quantify the dynamic risk of compound hazards based on variable fuzzy set theory (VFS), information entropy method (IEM), and information diffusion method (IDM). For the first challenge, VFS–IEM–IDM measures the effect of the compound hazard drivers via the use of relative membership degree and analyses the correlation between drivers with the entropy weight method, which is combined to evaluate compound hazard level. To address the second challenge, VFS–IEM–IDM applies the normal diffusion function to estimate the probability distribution of the compound hazard and the corresponding loss vulnerability curve. To deal with the third challenge, VFS–IEM–IDM assesses the risk of a compound hazard in different months based on the definition of probabilistic risk. In the end, this paper takes the typhoon–rainstorm disaster in Shenzhen, China, as an example to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed VFS–IEM–IDM model. The results show that VFS–IEM–IDM effectively estimates the typhoon–rainstorm compound hazard level and assesses the dynamic risk of the compound hazards.
Palynomorphs from the Trambesh Formation, lower Aptian, Central North Bulgaria
Authors: Pavlishina Polina
Published: October 2022

First record of early angiosperm pollen from the lower Aptian sediments in the Butovo section, Central North Bulgaria is documented. It is represented by monocolpate crotonoid grains attributed to the Stellatopollis genus and the species Stellatopollis barghoornii Doyle, Van Campo, Lugardon, 1975. The encountered sporomorph association also includes abundant gymnosperm pollen from the Classopollis and Araucariacites genera as well as a variety of pteridophyte spores from the Cretaceous genera Appendicisporites, Cicatri­cosisporites, Bikolisporites, Trilobosporites, Klukisporites and Deltoidospora. The palynological association indicates that the studied area was part of the ––Southern Laurasian floral province. The persistent record of pteriodophyte spores in the assemblages with the relatively abundant gymnosperm pollen from the Classopollis group suggests a warm and relatively less humid climate for this part of the province during the early Aptian. The results imply that early angiosperms still played minor role in lower Aptian Bulgarian floras.
INFLUENCE OF FEED ADDITIVE "FEED BIOPROTEIN" ON BIOCHEMICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL BLOOD VALUES IN BROILER CHICKENS
Authors: Yavnikov N.V.
Published: October 2022

The article presents the results of the influence of the experimental feed additive "Feed bioprotein" on biochemical and morphological blood values of broiler chickens, as well as economic indicators. The positive effect of the application of this feed additive has been noted, which is expressed in a higher average daily gain, a decrease in the conversion of feed and an increase in the safety of the stock of experimental groups in comparison with control groups. An increase in erythrocyte concentrations (by 2.16-4.32%), hemoglobin (2.76-5.86%) and total serum protein (by 3.10-6.25%) was found in experimental groups of chickens.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DURATION OF SERVICE AND DRY PERIODS AND DAIRY PERFORMANCE IN COWS WITH DIFFERENT WAYS OF HOUSING
Authors: Karpenya M.M. , Podrez V.N. , Karpenya А.М. , Shamich Y.V. , Karpenya S.L. , Lichtar E.A.
Published: October 2022

In the result of the conducted studies, it was found that in the tethered and loose cow housing, the highest indicators of dairy performance were marked in cows with the duration of the service period of 60-90 days. Dairy performance of these cows is higher than that of the animals with a shorter and longer service period for tethered housing by 5.1-11.7 %, for loose housing – 3.4-12.5 %. Both with the tethered and loose housing, a high milk performance was marked in cows with the dry period of 51-70 days.
HELIX POMATIA (GRAPE SNAIL) AS A NEW SOURCE OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES
Authors: Golembovskii V.V. , Pashkova L.A.
Published: October 2022

This article features findings of the research that includes processing by the physical method (in three options: freeze drying, traditional drying using dehydrators at a temperature of +35 and +105℃ ) of raw materials which appear to be waste products in the production of snails, with their subsequent laboratory studies. Approbation of the obtained results in the production industry proves the effectiveness of the implementation of the proposed solution. In the result of the growing pace in the manufacture of products of the of Helix pomatia origin, where only 40% of raw materials are used, the processing of waste products has become of great scientific and industrial interest.
The purpose of the research was to comprehensively study the waste products in the manufacture of snail products, using different options in the physical method in processing of raw materials to enable the diversity in prospective product manufacturing.
The scientific novelty of the research work is represented by a comprehensive study of qualitative features of waste products in snail production with the grounded potential scope of their application, and the contribution both in science and in industries promoting the development of agricultural products.
As a result, it has been established and proven that the freeze-dried grape snail is used more effectively than other options in the processing of raw materials, which is characterized by the best quality indicators, including the highest content of crude protein – 74.90 % and amino acids. This fact makes Helix pomatia a promising and competitive product.
Childhood Traumatic Experiences, Early Maladaptive Schemas and Personality Dysfunctions in Shelter Home Residents
Authors: Noor Rabbia , Dildar Saadia
Published: October 2022

This study was designed to investigate childhood traumatic experiences, early maladaptive schemas and personality dysfunctions in shelter home residents. The main objective of this study was to explore the phenomenological experience of childhood traumatic experience, early maladaptive schemas and personality dysfunction in shelter home resident. Purposive sampling technique was used to collect the data. Sample comprised of five shelter home residents from Lahore, and Faisalabad. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews. On the bases of data obtained from structured interviews we used Deductive Thematic Analysis (DTA) to assess childhood traumatic experiences, early maladaptive schemas and personality dysfunctions. Total six super-ordinate themes were extracted from the responses of the participants by using DTA analysis. The main themes were abuse, rejection, loss, cognitive distortion, emotional disturbances and behavioral problems. The sub-ordinate themes emerged from abuse is physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and verbal abuse. The sub-ordinate themes emerged from rejection is parental rejection, social rejection, peer rejection, and romantic rejection. The sub-ordinate themes emerged from loss is financial loss, and loss of loved ones. The sub-ordinate themes emerged from distorted cognition is self-blame, suicidal ideation, obsession, infidelity, and paranoia. The sub-ordinate themes emerged from emotional disturbances is low mood, liable mood, fear, irritability, aggression, anxious, and hate. The sub-ordinate themes emerged from behavioral problems is verbal outburst, self-harm, avoidance, submissive behavior, approval seeking behavior and lying.