bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Liderazgo, gestión del cambio y cultura innovadora en la Universidad
Authors: Palomares Ruiz Ascensión
Published: November 2023

La gestión del cambio, en la cuarta revolución industrial, es un elemento clave para las organizaciones que están inmersas en un escenario competitivo. Razonadamente, uno de los claros retos de la educación actual es la formación en liderazgo. En la actualidad, las universidades deben apostar por la creatividad, la innovación académica y de su gestión para propiciar un modelo educativo valioso, responsable y duradero al servicio del ciudadano y de su impacto en la sociedad, para alcanzar la máxima calidad y excelencia. Además, un liderazgo eficaz en la universidad debería favorecer la incorporación de las mujeres en todos los ámbitos de gestión. En las universidades de todo el mundo se precisa que sus líderes sean emprendedores, conscientes de su compromiso para regenerar y reformular, diseñar y avanzar con transparencia y equidad en la construcción de una Universidad que responda a los retos de la sociedad y, al tiempo, sea un motor básico de su transformación.
Liderazgo internacional necesario para garantizar la educación en la salud, cumplimiento y la convivencia en el mundo
Authors: García -Toledano Eduardo
Published: November 2023

Los problemas provocados por la pandemia de COVID-19 y su expansión por todo el mundo han evidenciado la falta de equidad en el acceso a los servicios educativos y sociales. Razonadamente, las organizaciones de acción internacional han instado a las instituciones educativas a que incorporen la educación para la salud en sus currículos. En consecuencia, las sociedades y los ciudadanos podrán acceder a los derechos universales y desarrollar hábitos de vida saludable, incrementar su calidad de vida y trabajar en la construcción de un mundo mejor. La educación para la salud posee una perspectiva multidimensional que facilita los conocimientos, actitudes y habilidades precisas, inculcando la concienciación de los factores determinantes de la salud y capacitando para que pueda llevarse a cabo con la participación de los individuos, las familias y la población en todos los procesos. Por ello, su objetivo final es la transformación de los comportamientos nocivos y el refuerzo de los saludables, y su eje fundamental es la comunicación, abarcando aspectos relativos a la educación, la formación, la investigación, la legislación, la coordinación de políticas y el desarrollo comunicatorio.
Calidad en las universidades: ¿Qué hay detrás de un ranking?
Authors: Castillo de Oyagüe Raquel , Sastre Castillo Miguel Angel
Published: November 2023

En los últimos tiempos y principalmente a consecuencia de la globalización, los rankings universitarios se han convertido en una herramienta cada vez más consultada por académicos, empleadores y estudiantes, para decidir su institución docente y/o investigadora, para contratar trabajadores y para elegir universidad, respectivamente, de acuerdo a criterios medibles. No obstante, la calidad de las universidades resulta de la combinación de los datos objetivos que evalúan los rankings y de la esencia de muchas otras variables que estos indicadores no pueden contemplar. En el presente artículo se abordan estos aspectos, incluyendo la descriptiva de una serie de rankings universitarios de especial impacto en el panorama actual.
Formación de investigadores desde la psicología como disciplina científica
Authors: Gómez Fuentes Agustín Daniel , Meraz Meza Emanuel , Pérez Juárez Minerva , Zepeta García Enrique
Published: November 2023

Este artículo describe el proceso de formación de investigadores de la maestría en Investigación en Psicología Aplicada a la Educación del Instituto de Psicología y Educación de la Universidad Veracruzana. El presente artículo está estructurado en tres partes: 1)Formación de investigadores: evolución conceptual; 2) Fundamentación del Plan de Estudios 2021; 3) Conclusiones: Ciencia Básica y su aplicación social. En el artículo se sostiene, que la formación de un profesional en investigación debería estar orientada al desarrollo de competencias para el ejercicio de la psicología como disciplina científica, y su extensión lógica a la solución de problemas sociales.
Sistema Interno de Aseguramiento de la Calidad-aprendizajes y desafíos
Authors: Mardones C. María Cristina
Published: November 2023

Asegurar la calidad formativa de miles de estudiantes que optan por una formación técnico-profesional en una institución que cuenta con 25 sedes a lo largo del país, más de 80 carreras y ocho formatos de estudios, es un desafío para la gestión del Sistema Interno de Aseguramiento de la Calidad. Para ello AIEP aplica sistemáticamente mecanismos internos y externos de monitoreo y evaluación de los procesos y resultados institucionales, con el objetivo de establecer mejoras que garanticen la calidad y homogeneidad en la entrega del servicio educativo. El desarrollo y fortalecimiento de su sistema ha permitido alcanzar importantes resultados de acreditación/certificación de carreras e institucional y otras certificaciones las que dan cuenta de la capacidad de autorregulación y de la cultura de mejora continua instalada en la institución. Además, permite evidenciar y verificar avances en el cumplimiento de los compromisos y el impacto en los estudiantes y en el medio.
Mujeres STEM: Camino hacia el liderazgo
Authors: Sendra  Pons Juana , López López María Victoria
Published: November 2023

En este artículo se debate sobre la igualdad de género y el liderazgo dentro de las disciplinas de Ciencias, Tecnología, Ingeniería y Matemáticas (STEM). El objetivo de este es invitar a reflexionar sobre esta preocupante brecha de género e intentar analizar los motivos por los que desde etapas tempranas se produce esta desigualdad. Para ello, se presentan los resultados de un proyecto que están llevando a cabo las autoras en CUNEF Universidad, ubicada en Madrid, España.
Maestría en Finanzas Empresariales Virtual, oportunidad en la Era Digital.
Authors: Enríquez Gómez María del Pilar , Carmona Guzmán María Esther , Aguilar Canseco Elena
Published: November 2023

Las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) al pertenecer a la era digital, realizan innovaciones ofreciendo programas virtuales ya sea a nivel licenciatura o posgrado, otorgando estudios de calidad a nivel de especializaciones, maestrías o doctorados. La Universidad Veracruzana es una IES de vanguardia y es considerada competitiva ante universidades nacionales e internacionales, puesto que ha contribuido a la formación de profesionales acorde a las necesidades sociales, económicas, culturales y sustentables. Dado el entorno globalizado, las IES deben mantenerse actualizadas y ofrecer programas educativos de calidad inmersos en la era digital, por lo que la Universidad Veracruzana (UV) a través del Sistema de Enseñanza Abierta (SEA), ofrece a la sociedad, la Maestría en Finanzas Empresariales (MFE) en modalidad virtual.
El Liderazgo Inspirador del Profesorado, Clave para el Éxito Estudiantil
Authors: Martín García Sandra
Published: November 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es recopilar y analizar las contribuciones existentes en la literatura sobre el impacto del liderazgo inspirador de los profesores universitarios en el éxito del alumnado. Se realizó una revisión de 15 trabajos que analizan esta relación, publicados en la última década en diferentes países. Los hallazgos indicaron que el liderazgo inspiracional/transformacional de los profesores se asoció positivamente con la motivación, la satisfacción, el rendimiento académico y el aprendizaje de los estudiantes.
El valor añadido de la presencialidad en la Escuela Politécnica Superior de la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
Authors: Cascos Fernández Ignacio , Díaz Pérez Paloma
Published: November 2023

La asistencia a clase por parte de los estudiantes eleva el rendimiento académico en las titulaciones universitarias. Se trata de la mejor evidencia que podemos proporcionar a nuestros estudiantes para asistir a las clases y extraer el mayor beneficio de la docencia impartida por nuestros profesores.
Shtetëzimi i shkollave private greke dhe reagimi i minoritetit
Authors: Meta Beqir
Published: November 2023

Në këtë artikull synohet që të jepet një pasqyrim i qartë dhe ipërmbledhur i çështjes së shtetëzimit të shkollave private greke ngashteti shqiptar në vitet 1930, i qëndrimit të minoritetit grek si dhe ishtetit grek ndaj kësaj çështjeje. Që në krye të artikullit, autori sqaronse mbyllja nga qeveria shqiptare e shkollave private, nuk drejtohejkurrsesi kundër minoritetit grek në Shqipëri, por synimi i shtetitshqiptar ishte që të pengonte ndërhyrjen dhe presionin në rritje tëqeverisë italiane, por njëherësh edhe të disiplinonte arsimin nëminoritetin grek, të eliminonte ndërhyrjen e hapur greke në këtoshkolla dhe në zonën e minoritetit, veçanërisht, propagandënantishqiptare që zhvillonin mësuesit e paguar nga Greqia. Pasankesës së paraqitur nga grekët në Lidhjen e Kombeve dhe nëGjykatën e Hagës, kjo çështje merr një drejtim tjetër, dhe autori arrinnë përfundime të
Mundbindet som socialt redskab
Authors: Dall Gregersen Asmus
Published: November 2023

På baggrund af feltarbejde i Marseille undersøger artiklen de sociale betydninger af mundbindet blandt en gruppe studerende, der deltog som frivillige i et fødevare- uddelingsprogram. Artiklen viser, hvordan mundbind skiftede betydning på tværs af sociale situationer og kunne symbolisere både solidaritet og social distance. Ved at konceptualisere mundbindet som et interaktionelt redskab argumenterer artiklen for, at manglende efterlevelse af mundbindspåbuddet ikke nødvendigvis var en moralsk brist, men derimod kunne være et produktivt socialt redskab i konstruktionen af fællesskab og intimitet. I en kontekst, hvor mundbindsbrug var meget udbredt og befordret af myndighederne, blev det at tage mundbindet af over for andre mennesker en stærk markering af personlig nærhed, hvis ikke det blev opfattet som et interaktionelt brud og genstand for sanktioner. Artiklen søger at nuancere forståelsen af mundbindsbrug som en entydigt prosocial adfærd ved at vise, hvordan dets betydning var situationelt konstrueret.
"Jeg troede, jeg havde valgt friheden, men her det regler, regler og regler"
Authors: Steno Anne Mia , Ryborg Jønsson Alexandra Brandt
Published: November 2023

Denne artikel undersøger, hvordan konstruktioner af tid og rum i seniorfællesskaberfor ensomme ældre er definerende og rammesættende for, hvilke relationerog aktiviteter der kan – og ikke kan – foregå. Teoretisk trækker artiklen påCharles Taylors begreb om det autentiske selv og anvender det som prisme tilat forstå, hvorfor nogle ældre mennesker oplever ikke at blive anerkendt „somsig selv“. Artiklen diskuterer, hvordan seniorfællesskaber kan rammesætte ogfacilitere fællesskaber, når de samtidig skal udleves i bestemte tider og rum,der inddeler og kategoriserer de aktiviteter, der foregår, og skitserer dermed enanderledes tilgang til forståelsen af „ensomhed“.
De la marionnette à la planchette au pantin gigueur. Parcours d’un petit gigueur en bois exceptionnel
Authors: Jutras Monique
Published: November 2023

À mi-chemin entre la marionnette, l’instrument de percussion et le jouet, le pantin gigueur est connu depuis le milieu du xixe siècle sous diverses appellations : bonhomme gigueur au Canada français, jig doll en Angleterre et limberjack aux États-Unis. Certains le croient issu de l’ancienne marionnette à la planchette qui a circulé en Europe dès le xvie siècle. À défaut d’en retracer les origines exactes, objectif irréaliste pour la plupart des objets issus de la tradition orale, Monique Jutras offre un bilan détaillé des recherches qui lui ont permis de retracer le parcours de ce petit gigueur en bois exceptionnel. Objet d’art populaire fascinant, autant des points de vue ethnologique qu’artistique, le pantin gigueur représente un sujet d’étude pratiquement inédit malgré sa relative ancienneté.
L’image marginalisée de « l’habitant » du xixe au xxie siècle
Authors: Lamontagne Sophie-Laurence
Published: November 2023

Étudier l’habitant est une longue histoire qui se poursuit jusqu’à nos jours. La présente recherche cible tout particulièrement les xixe, xxe et début xxie siècles et porte sur sa représentation. Le cadre d’analyse met l’accent sur la dévalorisation de ce bâtisseur, compte tenu de la prépondérance de propos négatifs que tiennent à son égard de nombreux observateurs, qu’il s’agisse d’hommes politiques, de journalistes, de missionnaires colonisateurs, d’écrivains, d’illustrateurs ou encore de visiteurs. À leurs yeux, l’habitant est cet « Autre » incapable d’accéder au statut de cultivateur, encore moins d’agriculteur ou de producteur agricole : on le dit satisfait de son sort, emmuré dans ses traditions, peu intéressé à l’éducation ou aux nouvelles techniques agricoles. La réalité est que des freins à la modernité de nature socioéconomique ont accentué ces perceptions et, de là, la marginalisation de l’habitant.
Saint Jean-Baptiste dans les défilés de la Fête nationale à Montréal : figure religieuse ou patriotique ?
Authors: Joly Diane
Published: November 2023

Lors de la messe de la Saint-Jean-Baptiste, le 24 juin 1851, les paroissiens remarquent la présence d’un jeune représentant saint Jean-Baptiste qui aurait également marché dans le défilé. Cet événement marque le début d’une longue aventure de la représentation de saint Jean-Baptiste dans le défilé de la Fête nationale à Montréal. Clôturant le défilé pendant plus d’un siècle, les allégories du saint sont représentées par de jeunes enfants accompagnés d’un mouton, d’adultes et de statues. Adoré par la foule et idole des enfants, saint Jean-Baptiste devient objet de moquerie et de honte selon les époques. Au début, sa représentation soude le groupe, puis elle en viendra à provoquer des tensions entre les organisateurs, le clergé, les sociétaires, les publics et les médias.
The Key English Pronunciation Difficulties for Egyptian EFL Learners
Authors: Hasan Sultan Abdelreheem Hasnaa
Published: November 2023

Despite all the attempts by ESL and EFL learners to attain (near-)native proficiency, many phonological, lexical and spelling mistakes still occur in any L2 learning environment (Huwari 2019, 31). This paper aims to investigate the key English pronunciation difficulties, both segmental (on the level of speech sounds) and suprasegmental (rhythm, stress, and juncture), of Egyptian learners of English, in a corpus of audio and/or video recordings of English conversation and presentation skills classes by Egyptian university students who are also native speakers of Egyptian Colloquial Arabic (ECA). The project involves both contrastive analysis (of the phonological systems of English, Egyptian Arabic and Modern Standard Arabic) as well as error analysis. While the significance of contrastive analysis lies in helping EFL teachers predict the problematic aspects (Al-Saqqaf and Vaddapalli 2012, 56), error analysis would provide them with the actual problems encountered by the learners and the extent of their seriousness.
The Unaccompanied: Poetic Expressions of the Working Classes in England
Authors: Fechner Matthias
Published: November 2023

Since the lost labour struggles of the mid-1980s, (working-class) poets like Carol Ann Duffy and Simon Armitage have progressively asserted their themes across the social strata. Hence, four of their poems are put to closer scrutiny. Especially Armitage’s verse mirrors a tendency in contemporary working-class poetry – frequently located in the North and the Midlands – to reflect on endangered traditions, with no small amount of nostalgia. Yet, its issues – solidarity, equality and historical consciousness – have also been taken up by black and female lyricists. Consequently, the poetry of the new working classes includes the concerns of all disadvantaged people of England (and the world).
Identification of a carbohydrate recognition motif of purinergic receptors
Authors: Zhao Lifen , Wei Fangyu , He Xinheng , Dai Antao , Yang Dehua , Jiang Hualiang , Wen Liuqing , Cheng Xi
Published: November 2023

As a major class of biomolecules, carbohydrates play indispensable roles in various biological processes. However, it remains largely unknown how carbohydrates directly modulate important drug targets, such as G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Here, we employed P2Y purinoceptor 14 (P2Y14), a drug target for inflammation and immune responses, to uncover the sugar nucleotide activation of GPCRs. Integrating molecular dynamics simulation with functional study, we identified the uridine diphosphate (UDP)-sugar-binding site on P2Y14, and revealed that a UDP-glucose might activate the receptor by bridging the transmembrane (TM) helices 2 and 7. Between TM2 and TM7 of P2Y14, a conserved salt bridging chain (K2.60-D2.64-K7.35-E7.36 [KDKE]) was identified to distinguish different UDP-sugars, including UDP-glucose, UDP-galactose, UDP-glucuronic acid, and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine. We identified the KDKE chain as a conserved functional motif of sugar binding for both P2Y14 and P2Y purinoceptor 12 (P2Y12), and then designed three sugar nucleotides as agonists of P2Y12. These results not only expand our understanding for activation of purinergic receptors but also provide insights for the carbohydrate drug development for GPCRs.
Associative memory neurons of encoding multi-modal signals are recruited by neuroligin-3 mediated new synapse formation
Authors: Xu Yang , Cui Tian-Liang , Li Jia-Yi , Chen Bingchen , Wang Jin-Hui
Published: November 2023

The joint storage and reciprocal retrieval of leant associated signals are presumably encoded by associative memory cells. In the accumulation and enrichment of memory contents in lifespan, a signal often becomes a core signal associatively shared for other signals. One specific group of associative memory neurons that encode this core signal likely interconnects multiple groups of associative memory neurons that encode these other signals for their joint storage and reciprocal retrieval. We have examined this hypothesis in a mouse model of associative learning by pairing the whisker tactile signal sequentially with the olfactory signal, the gustatory signal and the tail-heating signal. Mice experienced this associative learning show the whisker fluctuation induced by olfactory, gustatory and tail-heating signals, or the other way around, i.e., memories to multi-modal associated signals featured by their reciprocal retrievals. Barrel cortical neurons in these mice become able to encode olfactory, gustatory and tail-heating signals alongside the whisker signal. Barrel cortical neurons interconnect piriform, S1-Tr and gustatory cortical neurons. With the barrel cortex as the hub, the indirect activation occurs among piriform, gustatory and S1-Tr cortices for the second-order associative memory. These associative memory neurons recruited to encode multi-modal signals in the barrel cortex for associative memory are downregulated by
neuroligin-3
knockdown. Thus, associative memory neurons can be recruited as the core cellular substrate to memorize multiple associated signals for the first-order and the second-order of associative memories by neuroligin-3-mediated synapse formation, which constitutes neuronal substrates of cognitive activities in the field of memoriology.The coactivity of cerebral cortices during associative learning induces their interconnections.Interconnections endorse the first order and the second order of associative memory.Associative memory cells in cerebral cortices are recruited by mutual synapse innervations.Neuroligin-3 mediates the recruitment of associative memory cells for associative memory.
Evaluation of surface-based hippocampal registration using ground-truth subfield definitions
Authors: DeKraker Jordan , Palomero-Gallagher Nicola , Kedo Olga , Ladbon-Bernasconi Neda , Muenzing Sascha EA , Axer Markus , Amunts Katrin , Khan Ali R , Bernhardt Boris C , Evans Alan C
Published: November 2023

The hippocampus is an archicortical structure, consisting of subfields with unique circuits. Understanding its microstructure, as proxied by these subfields, can improve our mechanistic understanding of learning and memory and has clinical potential for several neurological disorders. One prominent issue is how to parcellate, register, or retrieve homologous points between two hippocampi with grossly different morphologies. Here, we present a surface-based registration method that solves this issue in a contrast-agnostic, topology-preserving manner. Specifically, the entire hippocampus is first analytically unfolded, and then samples are registered in 2D unfolded space based on thickness, curvature, and gyrification. We demonstrate this method in seven 3D histology samples and show superior alignment with respect to subfields using this method over more conventional registration approaches.
Proteolytic cleavage and inactivation of the TRMT1 tRNA modification enzyme by SARS-CoV-2 main protease
Authors: Zhang Kejia , Eldin Patrick , Ciesla Jessica H. , Briant Laurence , Lentini Jenna M. , Ramos Jillian , Cobb Justin , Munger Joshua , Fu Dragony
Published: November 2023

Nonstructural protein 5 (Nsp5) is the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 that cleaves viral polyproteins into individual polypeptides necessary for viral replication. Here, we show that Nsp5 binds and cleaves human tRNA methyltransferase 1 (TRMT1), a host enzyme required for a prevalent post-transcriptional modification in tRNAs. Human cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 exhibit a decrease in TRMT1 protein levels and TRMT1-catalyzed tRNA modifications, consistent with TRMT1 cleavage and inactivation by Nsp5. Nsp5 cleaves TRMT1 at a specific position that matches the consensus sequence of SARS-CoV-2 polyprotein cleavage sites, and a single mutation within the sequence inhibits Nsp5-dependent proteolysis of TRMT1. The TRMT1 cleavage fragments exhibit altered RNA binding activity and are unable to rescue tRNA modification in TRMT1-deficient human cells. Compared to wildtype human cells, TRMT1-deficient human cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 exhibit reduced levels of intracellular viral RNA. These findings provide evidence that Nsp5-dependent cleavage of TRMT1 and perturbation of tRNA modification patterns contribute to the cellular pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Smith–Magenis syndrome protein RAI1 regulates body weight homeostasis through hypothalamic BDNF-producing neurons and neurotrophin downstream signalling
Authors: Javed Sehrish , Chang Ya-Ting , Cho Yoobin , Lee Yu-Ju , Chang Hao-Cheng , Haque Minza , Lin Yu Cheng , Huang Wei-Hsiang
Published: November 2023

Retinoic acid-induced 1 (RAI1) haploinsufficiency causes Smith–Magenis syndrome (SMS), a genetic disorder with symptoms including hyperphagia, hyperlipidemia, severe obesity, and autism phenotypes. RAI1 is a transcriptional regulator with a pan-neural expression pattern and hundreds of downstream targets. The mechanisms linking neural Rai1 to body weight regulation remain unclear. Here we find that hypothalamic brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its downstream signalling are disrupted in SMS (Rai1+/-) mice. Selective Rai1 loss from all BDNF-producing cells or from BDNF-producing neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH) induced obesity in mice. Electrophysiological recordings revealed that Rai1 ablation decreased the intrinsic excitability of PVHBDNF neurons. Chronic treatment of SMS mice with LM22A-4 engages neurotrophin downstream signalling and delayed obesity onset. This treatment also partially rescued disrupted lipid profiles, insulin intolerance, and stereotypical repetitive behaviour in SMS mice. These data argue that RAI1 regulates body weight and metabolic function through hypothalamic BDNF-producing neurons and that targeting neurotrophin downstream signalling might improve associated SMS phenotypes.
Structure and evolution of alanine/serine decarboxylases and the engineering of theanine production
Authors: Wang Hao , Zhu Biying , Qiao Siming , Dong Chunxia , Wan Xiaochun , Gong Weimin , Zhang Zhaoliang
Published: November 2023

Ethylamine (EA), the precursor of theanine biosynthesis, is synthesized from alanine decarboxylation by alanine decarboxylase (AlaDC) in tea plants. AlaDC evolves from serine decarboxylase (SerDC) through neofunctionalization and has lower catalytic activity. However, lacking structure information hinders the understanding of the evolution of substrate specificity and catalytic activity. In this study, we solved the X-ray crystal structures of AlaDC from Camellia sinensis (CsAlaDC) and SerDC from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtSerDC). Tyr341 of AtSerDC or the corresponding Tyr336 of CsAlaDC is essential for their enzymatic activity. Tyr111 of AtSerDC and the corresponding Phe106 of CsAlaDC determine their substrate specificity. Both CsAlaDC and AtSerDC have a distinctive zinc finger and have not been identified in any other Group II PLP-dependent amino acid decarboxylases. Based on the structural comparisons, we conducted a mutation screen of CsAlaDC. The results indicated that the mutation of L110F or P114A in the CsAlaDC dimerization interface significantly improved the catalytic activity by 110% and 59%, respectively. Combining a double mutant of CsAlaDCL110F/P114A with theanine synthetase increased theanine production 672% in an in vitro system. This study provides the structural basis for the substrate selectivity and catalytic activity of CsAlaDC and AtSerDC and provides a route to more efficient biosynthesis of theanine.
Laminin γ1-dependent basement membranes are instrumental to ensure proper olfactory placode shape, position and boundary with the brain, as well as olfactory axon development
Authors: Tignard P , Pottin K , Geeverding A , Doulazmi M , Cabrera M , Fouquet C , Liffran M , Trembleau A , Breau MA
Published: November 2023

Despite recent progress, the complex roles played by the extracellular matrix in development and disease are still far from being fully understood. Here, we took advantage of the zebrafish
sly
mutation which affects Laminin γ1, a major component of basement membranes, to explore its role in the development of the olfactory system. Following a detailed characterisation of Laminin distribution in the developing olfactory circuit, we analysed basement membrane integrity, olfactory placode and brain morphogenesis, and olfactory axon development in
sly
mutants, using a combination of immunochemistry, electron microscopy and quantitative live imaging of cell movements and axon behaviours. Our results point to an original and dual contribution of Laminin γ1-dependent basement membranes in organising the border between the olfactory placode and the adjacent brain: they maintain placode shape and position in the face of major brain morphogenetic movements, they establish a robust physical barrier between the two tissues while at the same time allowing the local entry of the sensory axons into the brain and their navigation towards the olfactory bulb. This work thus identifies key roles of Laminin γ1-dependent basement membranes in neuronal tissue morphogenesis and axon development
in vivo
.
Enhanced payload volume in the least significant bits image steganography using hash function
Authors: Ghadi Yazeed Yasin , AlShloul Tamara , Nezami Zahid Iqbal , Ali Hamid , Asif Muhammad , Jaward Bah Mohamed
Published: November 2023

The art of message masking is called steganography. Steganography keeps communication from being seen by any other person. In the domain of information concealment within images, numerous steganographic techniques exist. Digital photos stand out as prime candidates due to their widespread availability. This study seeks to develop a secure, high-capacity communication system that ensures private interaction while safeguarding information from the broader context. This study used the four least significant bits for steganography to hide the message in a secure way using a hash function. Before steganography, the message is encrypted using one of the encryption techniques: Caesar cipher or Vigenère cipher. By altering only the least significant bits (LSBs), the changes between the original and stego images remain invisible to the human eye. The proposed method excels in secret data capacity, featuring a high peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and low mean square error (MSE). This approach offers significant payload capacity and dual-layer security (encryption and steganography).
The correlation between heart rate variability index and vulnerability prognosis in patients with acute decompensated heart failure
Authors: Liu Hongbo , Wang Xiaotong , Wang Xiaowei
Published: November 2023

Objective

To explore the correlation between Heart Rate Variability Index (HRV) and poor prognosis in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).

Methods

A retrospective compilation of clinical data encompassed 128 cases of patients afflicted with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) who were admitted to and discharged from our hospital between April 2019 and July 2022. Subsequent to assessing their follow-up progress during the tracking period, the subjects were categorized into two cohorts: the poor prognosis group (n = 31) and the good prognosis group (n = 97). Comparative analysis of clinical data and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) parameters was executed between these two groups. Moreover, a multiple linear regression analysis was employed to identify the contributing factors associated with adverse prognoses in ADHF patients. Furthermore, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to evaluate the prognostic predictive capability of HRV parameters among ADHF patients.

Results

The levels of SDNN (t = 3.924, P < 0.001), SDANN (t = 4.520, P < 0.001) and LF (t = 2.676, P = 0.018) in the poor prognosis group were significantly higher than those in the good prognosis group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The levels of PNN50 (t = 2.132, P = 0.035), HF (t = 11.781, P < 0.001) and LF/HF (t = 11.056, P < 0.001) in the poor prognosis group were significantly lower than those in the good prognosis group (P < 0.05). The results of multiple linear regression analysis indicated that SDNN, SDANN, LF, PNN50, and HF were factors influencing poor prognosis in ADHF patients (P < 0.05). The results of the ROC curve analysis indicate that the area under the curve (AUC) for predicting poor prognosis in ADHF patients using HRV parameters were as follows: SDNN (AUC = 0.818, 95% CI [0.722–0.914]), SDANN (AUC = 0.684, 95% CI [0.551–0.816]), PNN50 (AUC = 0.754, 95% CI [0.611–0.841]), LF/HF (AUC = 0.787, 95% CI [0.679–0.896]), and combined diagnosis (AUC = 0.901, 95% CI [0.832–0.970]). Among these, the combined diagnosis exhibited the highest AUC, sensitivity, and specificity for predicting poor prognosis in ADHF patients (P < 0.001).

Conclusion

The HRV parameters of SDNN, SDANN, PNN50 and LF/HF are closely related to the prognosis of ADHF patients. The combined detection of the above HRV parameters can improve the efficacy of predicting the poor prognosis of ADHF patients. This suggests that clinical staff can identify ADHF patients at risk of poor prognosis by long-term monitoring of HRV in the future.
ANALISIS PEMIKIRAN ABRAHAM KUYPER DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA PADA PENDIDIKAN KRISTEN MASA KINI
Authors: Santoso Evie , Puspitasari Dani
Published: November 2023

Artikel ini mengulas tentang kondisi pendidikan Kristen baik di Indonesia maupun di negara barat yang menurun karena kondisi komersil. Ideologi yang lahir dari pemikiran Abraham Kuyper tentang meletakkan Allah dalam posisi terpenting dan mengaitkannya dalam hidup mendorong manusia menjadi "pelayan masyarakat yang baik". Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan inspirasi bagi pendidik Kristen dengan menerapkan pendekatan literatur tentang pemikiran Abraham Kuyper. Tiga implikasi penting yaitu kedaulatan Allah dalam pendidikan, tujuan dari pendidikan Kristen dan peran pendidik. Artikel ini mengaitkan relevansi ide Kuyper dalam masa kini dan mendorong para pendidik untuk memperbaharui komitmen mereka. Hasil memberikan ajakan kuat untuk pembaharuan tujuan dalam dunia pendidikan.
PENGGUNAAN FLASHCARD UNTUK MENUMBUHKAN MINAT ANAK USIA DINI DALAM MENDENGARKAN CERITA
Authors: Kristsuana Lisa Narwastu , Puspitasari Dani , Lanapu Glady Deltalia , Zega Agnes Satriani
Published: November 2023

Usia dini merupakan masa sangat penting dalam perkembangan bahasa seseorang. Kemampuan berbahasa berpengaruh besar terhadap perkembangan kognitif, emosi, dan keterampilan sosial anak. Perkembangan bahasa anak meliputi kemampuan reseptif, kemampuan ekspresif, dan keaksaraan. Salah satu metode untuk mendukung perkembangan kemampuan reseptif adalah dengan metode bercerita. Masalah yang seringkali timbul dalam penggunaan metode bercerita adalah perhatian anak yang mudah teralihkan dan kurangnya minat untuk mendengarkan cerita. Menggunakan flashcard dalam metode bercerita dapat menarik minat anak untuk mendengarkan cerita, dan mendukung perkembangan kemampuan bahasa reseptif anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat penerapan metode bercerita dengan media flashcard dalam menumbuhkan minat anak untuk mendengarkan cerita.
Shift From Smoking Cigarettes to Vaping Nicotine in Young Adults
Authors: Sanford Brandon T. , Brownstein Naomi C. , Baker Nathaniel L. , Palmer Amanda M. , Smith Tracy T. , Rojewski Alana M. , Toll Benjamin A.
Published: November 2023

This survey study assesses trends in nicotine use among young adults in the US between 2013 and 2021.
Health Disinformation Use Case Highlighting the Urgent Need for Artificial Intelligence Vigilance
Authors: Menz Bradley D. , Modi Natansh D. , Sorich Michael J. , Hopkins Ashley M.
Published: November 2023

Importance

Although artificial intelligence (AI) offers many promises across modern medicine, it may carry a significant risk for the mass generation of targeted health disinformation. This poses an urgent threat toward public health initiatives and calls for rapid attention by health care professionals, AI developers, and regulators to ensure public safety.

Observations

As an example, using a single publicly available large-language model, within 65 minutes, 102 distinct blog articles were generated that contained more than 17 000 words of disinformation related to vaccines and vaping. Each post was coercive and targeted at diverse societal groups, including young adults, young parents, older persons, pregnant people, and those with chronic health conditions. The blogs included fake patient and clinician testimonials and obeyed prompting for the inclusion of scientific-looking referencing. Additional generative AI tools created an accompanying 20 realistic images in less than 2 minutes. This process was undertaken by health care professionals and researchers with no specialized knowledge in bypassing AI guardrails, relying solely on publicly available information.

Conclusions and Relevance

These observations demonstrate that when the guardrails of AI tools are insufficient, the ability to rapidly generate diverse and large amounts of convincing disinformation is profound. Beyond providing 2 example scenarios, these findings demonstrate an urgent need for robust AI vigilance. The AI tools are rapidly progressing; alongside these advancements, emergent risks are becoming increasingly apparent. Key pillars of pharmacovigilance—including transparency, surveillance, and regulation—may serve as valuable examples for managing these risks and safeguarding public health.
Multimodal Neuroimaging Reveals and Guides Treatment of a Middle Cerebral Artery Web
Authors: Zuo Meng , Chen Wei , Zhou Zhenhua
Published: November 2023

This case report describes how neuroimaging was used to determine treatment for episodic sudden-onset weakness and numbness in the left limbs.
Characteristics of Melatonin Use Among US Children and Adolescents
Authors: Hartstein Lauren E. , Garrison Michelle M. , Lewin Daniel , Boergers Julie , LeBourgeois Monique K.
Published: November 2023

This survey study describes parent-reported sleep practices, such as prevalence, frequency, and timing of melatonin use, among young people aged 1 to 13 years.
Supramolecular Chiral Nanofibers Activated Pro‐Survival Autophagy: An Extracellular Strategy for Hypoxic Cell Protection
Authors: Xing Chao , Gao Laiben , Dou Xiaoqiu , Yang Kaikai , Zhao Changli , Feng Chuanliang
Published: November 2023

Hypoxic injury poses a severe threat to cell survival. Activation of pro‐survival autophagy via autophagy‐inducing nanomaterials (AINMs) has emerged as one of the most promising therapeutic strategies. However, internalized AINMs easily bind with intracellular lysosomes, resulting in disruptive effects on autophagic flux and limited pro‐survival effects. Herein, inspired by the naturally existing chiral structures in actin membrane protein, two nanofibers based on achiral pyridine‐substituted coumarin derivatives (PyC) with only difference in supramolecular chirality are constructed by the method of chirality memory to activate autophagy extracellularly. The high degree of conformational chirality matching between right‐handed PyC‐r nanofibers and actin ensures an enhanced stereoselective interaction between the pyridine groups on PyC and the hydroxyl groups on serine‐rich Girdin protein (an actin‐binding protein involved in cell survival). This stereoselective interaction can activate the autophagy‐related Akt/mTOR pathway via mechanical signal transmission and phosphorylation of Akt, which avoids the disruption of autophagic flux and significantly mitigates cellular hypoxic injury. In a rat myocardial ischemia model, scar formation and functional deterioration are particularly alleviated by injection of PyC‐r nanofibers into murine infarcted myocardium. The findings pioneeringly establish a direct link between chiral biomedical materials and cellular autophagy, offering novel insights for cellular hypoxic protection.
Controllable Double Gradient Bandgap Strategy Enables High Efficiency Solution‐Processed Kesterite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhao Yunhai , Chen Shuo , Ishaq Muhammad , Cathelinaud Michel , Yan Chang , Ma Hongli , Fan Ping , Zhang Xianghua , Su Zhenghua , Liang Guangxing
Published: November 2023

The double gradient bandgap absorber has the potential to enhance carrier collection, improve light collection efficiency, and make the performance of solar cells more competitive. However, achieving the double gradient bandgap structure is challenging due to the comparable diffusion rates of cations during high‐temperature selenization in kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) films. Here, it has successfully achieved a double gradient bandgap in the CZTSSe absorber by spin‐coating the K2S solution during the preparation process of the precursor film. The K2S insertion serves as an additional S source for the absorber, and the high‐affinity energy of K‐Se causes the position of the spin‐coated K2S solution locally Se‐rich and S‐poor. More importantly, the position of the bandgap minimum (notch) and the depth of the notch can be controlled by varying the concentration of K2S solution and its deposition stage, thereby avoiding the electronic potential barrier produced by an inadvertent notch position and depth. In addition, the K─Se liquid phase expedites the selenization process to the elimination of the fine grain layer. The champion CZTSSe device achieved an efficiency of 13.70%, indicating the potential of double gradient bandgap engineering for the future development of high‐efficiency kesterite solar cells.
Reinforcing the Electrode/Electrolyte Interphases of Lithium Metal Batteries Employing Locally Concentrated Ionic Liquid Electrolytes
Authors: Liu Xu , Mariani Alessandro , Diemant Thomas , Di Pietro Maria Enrica , Dong Xu , Mele Andrea , Passerini Stefano
Published: November 2023

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) with nickel‐rich cathodes are promising candidates for next‐generation high‐energy‐density batteries, but the lack of sufficiently protective electrode/electrolyte interphases (EEIs) limits their cyclability. Herein, trifluoromethoxybenzene is proposed as a cosolvent for locally concentrated ionic liquid electrolytes (LCILEs) to reinforce the EEIs. With a comparative study of a neat ionic liquid electrolyte (ILE) and three LCILEs employing fluorobenzene, trifluoromethylbenzene, or trifluoromethoxybenzene as cosolvents, it is revealed that the fluorinated groups tethered to the benzene ring of the cosolvents not only affect the electrolytes’ ionic conductivity and fluidity, but also the EEIs’ composition via adjusting the contribution of the 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium cation (Emim+) and bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion. Trifluoromethoxybenzene, as the optimal cosolvent, leads to a stable cycling of LMBs employing 5 mAh cm−2 lithium metal anodes (LMAs), 21 mg cm−2 LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05 (NCA) cathodes, and 4.2 µL mAh−1 electrolytes for 150 cycles with a remarkable capacity retention of 71%, thanks to a solid electrolyte interphase rich in inorganic species on LMAs and, particularly, a uniform cathode/electrolyte interphase rich in Emim+‐derived species on NCA cathodes. By contrast, the capacity retention under the same condition is only 16%, 46%, and 18% for the neat ILE and the LCILEs based on fluorobenzene and benzotrifluoride, respectively.
Adaptive Neural Activation and Neuromorphic Processing via Drain‐Injection Threshold‐Switching Float Gate Transistor Memory
Authors: Wang Han , Lu Yuanlong , Liu Shangbo , Yu Jun , Hu Man , Li Sainan , Yang Rui , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Ma Ying , Miao Xiangshui , Zhuge Fuwei , He Yuhui , Zhai Tianyou
Published: November 2023

Hetero‐modulated neural activation is vital for adaptive information processing and learning that occurs in brain. To implement brain‐inspired adaptive processing, previously various neurotransistors oriented for synaptic functions are extensively explored, however, the emulation of nonlinear neural activation and hetero‐modulated behaviors are not possible due to the lack of threshold switching behavior in a conventional transistor structure. Here, a 2D van der Waals float gate transistor (FGT) that exhibits steep threshold switching behavior, and the emulation of hetero‐modulated neuron functions (integrate‐and‐fire, sigmoid type activation) for adaptive sensory processing, are reported. Unlike conventional FGTs, the threshold switching behavior stems from impact ionization in channel and the coupled charge injection to float gate. When a threshold is met, a sub‐30 mV dec−1increase of transistor conductance by more than four orders is triggered with a typical switch time of approximately milliseconds. Essentially, by feeding light sensing signal as the modulation input, it is demonstrated that two typical tasks that rely on adaptive neural activation, including collision avoidance and adaptive visual perception, can be realized. These results may shed light on the emulation of rich hetero‐modulating behaviors in biological neurons and the realization of biomimetic neuromorphic processing at low hardware cost.
Self‐Powered Temperature Electronic Skin Based on Island‐Bridge Structure and Bi‐Te Micro‐Thermoelectric Generator for Distributed Mini‐Region Sensing
Authors: Kang Man , Qu Ruixiang , Sun Xiaowen , Yan Yuedong , Ma Zhijun , Wang He , Yan Kaifen , Zhang Weifeng , Deng Yuan
Published: November 2023

Thermoelectric (TE) effect based temperature sensor can accurately convert temperature signal into voltage without external power supply, which have great application prospects in self‐powered temperature electronic skin (STES). But the fabrication of stretchable and distributed STES still remains a challenge. Here, a novel STES design strategy is proposed by combining flexible island‐bridge structure with BiTe‐based micro‐thermoelectric generator (µ‐TEG). Furthermore, a 4 × 4 vertical temperature sensor array with good stretchability and distributed sensing property has been fabricated for the first time. The interfacial chemical bonds located between the rigid islands (µ‐TEG) and the flexible substrate (polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS) endow the STES with excellent stretchability, and its sensing performance remains unchanged under 30% strain (the maximum strain of human skin). Moreover, the STES sensing unit possesses high sensitivity (729 µV K−1), rapid response time (0.157 s), and high spatial resolution (2.75 × 2.75 mm2). As a proof of concept, this work demonstrates the application of the STES in the detection of mini‐region heat sources in various scenarios including noncontact spatial temperature responsing, intelligent robotic thermosensing, and wearable temperature sensing. Such an inspiring design strategy is expected to provide guidance for the design and fabrication of wearable self‐powered temperature sensors.
Gradient Structural and Compositional Design of Conductive MXene Aerogels for Stable Zn Metal Anodes
Authors: Li Yang , Pang Zhenqian , Ghani Awais , Little Joshua M. , Wang Liping , Yang Haochen , Zhao Yusheng , Chen Po‐Yen
Published: November 2023

Aqueous rechargeable zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) are a safe and low‐cost energy storage technology. However, practical ZIB exploitation faces critical challenges in achieving stable Zn metal anodes, which suffer from hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) corrosion and Zn dendrite growth. To address these challenges, a Zn2+‐induced assembly process to fabricate Ti3C2Tx MXene‐reduced graphene oxide aerogels with ZnO crust layers on Zn plates (abbreviated as ZnO/MG aerogel–Zn) that serve as stable Zn metal anodes is reported. By applying a constant voltage to a Zn plate, Zn2+ is gradually released to ionically crosslink MG nanosheets. After spontaneous hydrolysis and freeze‐drying, a crust layer composed of ZnO nanoparticles is in situ formed. Additionally, the gradient Zn−O/Zn−F profiles across the ZnO/MG aerogel can facilitate Zn2+ transport and collectively suppress HER, enabling fast electrochemical kinetics and dendrite‐free Zn deposition. Symmetric cells with ZnO/MG aerogel–Zn electrodes present stable cycling for 1200 h at 10 mA cm−2, and full cells achieve long lifespans at high rates (>500 cycles at 1.0 A g−1). Combining the advantages of an insulating protective layer and a conductive structured host, the ZnO/MG aerogel–Zn electrode with gradient structures and compositions creates synergistic advances in stable Zn metal anodes.
Smart Dope: A Self‐Driving Fluidic Lab for Accelerated Development of Doped Perovskite Quantum Dots
Authors: Bateni Fazel , Sadeghi Sina , Orouji Negin , Bennett Jeffrey A. , Punati Venkat S. , Stark Christine , Wang Junyu , Rosko Michael C. , Chen Ou , Castellano Felix N. , Reyes Kristofer G. , Abolhasani Milad
Published: November 2023

Metal cation‐doped lead halide perovskite (LHP) quantum dots (QDs) with photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) higher than unity, due to quantum cutting phenomena, are an important building block of the next‐generation renewable energy technologies. However, synthetic route exploration and development of the highest‐performing QDs for device applications remain challenging. In this work, Smart Dope is presented, which is a self‐driving fluidic lab (SDFL), for the accelerated synthesis space exploration and autonomous optimization of LHP QDs. Specifically, the multi‐cation doping of CsPbCl3 QDs using a one‐pot high‐temperature synthesis chemistry is reported. Smart Dope continuously synthesizes multi‐cation‐doped CsPbCl3 QDs using a high‐pressure gas‐liquid segmented flow format to enable continuous experimentation with minimal experimental noise at reaction temperatures up to 255°C. Smart Dope offers multiple functionalities, including accelerated mechanistic studies through digital twin QD synthesis modeling, closed‐loop autonomous optimization for accelerated QD synthetic route discovery, and on‐demand continuous manufacturing of high‐performing QDs. Through these developments, Smart Dope autonomously identifies the optimal synthetic route of Mn‐Yb co‐doped CsPbCl3 QDs with a PLQY of 158%, which is the highest reported value for this class of QDs to date. Smart Dope illustrates the power of SDFLs in accelerating the discovery and development of emerging advanced energy materials.