bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bim and vr: development of a software module for the integration of building information modelling and virtual reality
Authors: Kozlenko T. A. , Pridvizhkin S. V.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Based on the trends, the growing interest in VR technology in construction can be traced. This relatively new technology is rapidly replacing traditional visualization methods, providing users with an enhanced digital experience. The aim of the work is to analyze the application of virtual reality technology in construction, based on the analysis, determine how to improve integration and find new ideas for the application of technologies.Methods and materials. As a result of the analysis of previous studies, it was revealed that there are no methods for transferring data from the VR system to the BIM software. In connection with the identified problem, the goal of this scientific work is to improve the integration of VR and BIM technologies by automatically transferring data from a virtual reality program to the original information model.Results. In the course of the work, a project was created based on a BIM model made in the Autodesk Revit software package and imported into the Unreal Engine 4 game engine to create an interactive virtual environment. A new approach to the creation and presentation of a project sketch using virtual reality technology is considered - a method of intuitive design in a virtual environment.Discussion and conclusion. The software module is at the stage of early development; nevertheless, it has prospects for development into a full-fledged application available to any user. The paper provides the main directions for the continuation of the application development.
Creating and Developing a Collaborative and Learning-Centred School Culture: Views of Estonian School Leaders
Authors: Poom-Valickis Katrin , Eve Eisenschmidt , Leppiman Ann
Published: September 2021

The present study aims to analyse how school leaders perceive their activities in creating and developing a collaborative school culture that promotes the school learning process. The data were collected in semi-structured interviews with nine school leaders and analysed using thematic content analysis. The results revealed that only three of the school leaders focused on the shared values and shared leadership necessary for creating a systematic and analytic approach to organisational and teacher development. The school leaders understood the importance of leading the development of the learning process, but this did not take place as expected in practice. Organisational and teacher development seemed to be unsystematic or not based on the continuous monitoring of processes. The findings of our study indicate that development programmes for school leaders should concentrate more on shaping the views, knowledge and skills needed to develop a collaborative and learning-centred school culture.
Integrating Assessment for Learning into the Teaching and Learning of Secondary School Biology in Tanzania
Authors: Tarmo Albert
Published: September 2021

The paper is about a study that investigated how the integration of assessment for learning enhances learning achievement among secondary school biology students in Tanzania. A quasi-experimental design involving pre-test and post-test of non-equivalent control and experimental groups was used to ascertain how the integration of assessment for learning into teaching and learning processes enhances students’ learning achievement. Two boarding secondary schools located in the suburbs of Dar Es Salaam were selected. Students in the two schools had maintained equivalent performances in national examinations in previous years. The results showed that the students taught using teaching and learning processes integrating assessment for learning outperformed those taught using conventional approaches. The integration of assessment for learning is likely to have contributed to the higher learning achievement in the experimental group. The study contributes to our understanding of how teachers in resource-constrained classrooms can integrate assessment for learning techniques into their day-to-day lessons, thereby harnessing the power of assessment to enhance learning and raise standards.
Some Predictors of Depressive Disorders in the Context of Clinical Patomorphosis
Authors:   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University. 56, Pirogov St., Vinnytsia 21000, Ukraine, Belov O. O.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the study was to study the clinical and psychopathological phenomenology of the initial stage of depressive disorders in the context of clinical pathomorphosis. Materials and methods. Features of clinical symptoms of the initial stage of depressive disorders in the comparative aspect in the context of clinical pathomorphosis based on the analysis of medical records of 236 patients who were treated for depressive disorders in 1971-1995 (ICD-9 codes 296.1, 296.3) and clinical examination of 245 patients with depressive disorders in 2015-2019 (ICD-10 codes F 31.3, F 31.4, F 32.0, F 32.1, F 32.2, F 33.0, F 33.1, F 33.2) are considered. Results and discussion. It was established that there is a predominance in the clinical picture of modern depressive disorders of low mood (in general in 91.4% of patients, 91.6% of men and 91.3% of women, p>0.05), dyssomnia (93.1%, 92.5% and 93.5%, respectively, p>0.05), anxiety, fear (84.5%, 78.5%, 89.1%, respectively, p<0.01), asthenia (82.4%, 77.6% and 86.2%, respectively, p>0.05), somatic vegetative symptoms (82.9%, 77.6% and 87.0%, respectively, p<0.01), apathy (78.8%, 69.2% and 86.2%, respectively, p<0.01) and ideas of self-humiliation and self-blame (69.8%, 72.9% and 67.4%, respectively, p<0.01), and the relatively low prevalence of obsessive symptoms (55.1%, 54.2% and 55.8%, respectively, p<0.05), emotional lability (51.0%, 54.2% and 48.6%, respectively, p<0.01) and cognitive impairment (45.3%, 43.9% and 46.4%, respectively, p<0.05) with a predominance of emotional lability and ideas of self-humiliation and self-blame in men, and manifestations of anxiety, fear, apathy, cognitive impairment, obsessive and somatic vegetative symptoms in women, which gives grounds to consider that the main predictors of depressive disorder at the initial stage of low mood are dyssomnia, anxiety fear, asthenia and somatic vegetative symptoms. The revealed features suggest the presence of a clinical pathomorphosis of depressive disorders. The clinical pathomorphosis of the initial stage of depressive disorders is in a significant reduction in the clinical picture of low mood, ideas of self-abasement and self-blame, emotional lability and cognitive impairment, and an increase in anxiety, fear, asthenia, apathy, obsessive symptoms and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, with significantly greater gender differentiation of clinical symptoms of depression. Conclusion. The identified patterns are embedded in the general trend towards polymorphism and clinical undifferentiation of modern depressive disorders, significant involvement of patients with sleep disorders, asthenic, apathetic and somatic vegetative symptoms, which requires revision of diagnostic strategies and individualization of diagnosis. The identified patterns can be used for early diagnosis of depressive disorders and prevention of depression
Trade, Environment, Human Capital and Services Sector in Developing Countries: A Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Nasim Ismat , Chaudhry Imran Sharif , Farooq Fatima , Bashir Furrukh
Published: September 2021

Objective: This study aims to examine the influence of Trade Liberalization, Environmental Quality (CO2 Emission) on Services Sector Growth in some selected developing.

Methodology: The estimation of the study considers panel data unit root and panel data ARDL approach. The environmental quality is represented by Carbon Dioxide Emission and trade liberalization is by trade openness.

Findings: The results of Panel Unit Root test summarize that Panel ARDL is the most appropriate method of estimation for having Panel Coefficient values due to mixed order of integration for developing countries.

Implications: The empirical findings of model, in Developing Countries, Labor Force, Capital Stock, Trade Openness, Money Supply, Government Expenditure and Human Capital exert upward pressure on Services Value Addition while Carbon Dioxide Emission and Price Level is putting download pressure on Services Value Addition.
Early correction of anterior crossbite in deciduous dentition
Authors: Reddy C Dr.Divya , T Paul Dr.Santhosh , UmmeAzher Dr. , MihirNayak Dr. , Smitha M Dr.
Published: September 2021

Dr. Divya Reddy C Professor, Department of Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India – 560032. Phone: +91 9886651419 Email: divyacreddy@yahoo.com ABSTRACT: Anterior crossbite results from lingual positioning of maxillary anteriors in relation to mandibular anterior teeth. It can be due to either skeletal or dental problems, involving one or more teeth. These crossbites can be considered as a functional problem in a young child, which may result in skeletal problems as the child transitions into permanent dentition. Often there is dilemma among the clinicians regarding the correction of these crossbites in primary and early mixed dentition periods especially owing to the child’s age and cooperative ability. This paper aims to discuss various views on early treatment of anterior crossbites in children, the treatment objectives and different treatment strategies discussed in the literature
Gingival neurofibroma : A rare case report
Authors: Namrata Dr. Patil , Mamata Dr. Kamat , Priyanka Dr. Vhanmane , Rishi Dr. Nandy
Published: September 2021

Neurofibroma is benign tumor of nerve tissue origin derived from the cells that constitute the neural sheath. Neurofibroma usually occur on skin and is rare in the oral cavity. In the literature intraoral neurofibromas are reported in 7% of the cases. Clinically neurofibroma appears as discrete, nonulcerated nodule or diffuse mass of tissue which tend to be of the same color as the normal mucosa. Neurofibroma is usually asymptomatic, but sometimes pain and paresthesia may be associated with it. Clinically intraoral neurofibromas resemble many other soft tissue lesions. Hence, recognizing and diagnosing intraoral neurofibromas is necessary for careful planning of conservative treatment and follow up to rule out intraosseous extension and malignant transformation. Surgical excision with regular follow up is the treatment of choice. Here in we present a rare case of neurofibroma occurring on gingiva along with brief review of literature.
NovaboneTM dental putty as a potential regenerative material for treating horizontal defects in chronic periodontitis patients.
Authors: Raveendran Dr. Shruthi , S Dr. Shruthi , K J Dr. Nisha , Guru Dr. Sanjeela , Batra Dr. Parichaya , Suresh U Dr. Anjana
Published: September 2021

ntroduction: Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease, which, when not adequately treated, is followed with progressive attachment loss which leads to tooth mobility and eventually tooth loss. Periodontal regenerative surgery aims to regenerate and reconstruct the lost periodontal tissue. Regeneration with novabone putty has shown to be effective in reducing probing pocket depth, gain in clinical attachment level and increase in horizontal bone level. Aim: This interventional clinical trial was to evaluate the osseous regenerative potential of a calcium phosphosilicate bioactive glass NOVABONE TM in the treatment of horizontal bone defects. Materials and method: A total of 20 sites with horizontal bone defect was treated with open flap debridement with intra marrow penetration and novabone putty. Statistical analysis: Plaque index, gingival index and radiographic determination were analysed by paired t test. Probing pocket depth and clinical attachment levels were analysed by Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Result: There was significant reduction seen in plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth and radiographic crestal level when compared between baseline and 12 months respectively (2.48 ± 0.44, 2.92 ± 0.39, 6.80 ± 0.89, 8.29 ± 0.87) and (1.89 ± 0.42, 1.92± 0.51, 3.00± 0.67, 5.48 ± 0.89) and significant gain in clinical attachment level from 4.40 ± 0.96 to 1.20 ± 0.91. Conclusion: The present study showed novabone putty significantly improved the clinical parameters in horizontal bone defects.
Evaluation of the Antiplaque Efficacy of Chlorhexidine Mouthwash immediately and 30 min after Brushing with Fluoride Toothpaste - A pilot study
Authors: Masapu Dr. Anupama , Kumar T Dr. S S Manikanta , K P Dr. Ashok , Anusha Dr. Gummadi , Sangineedy Dr. Jyothi , Ashok Dr. Sahana
Published: September 2021

Chlorhexidine (CHX) is the most widely prescribed antiseptic mouthwash in Dentistry. It is used as an adjunct with mechanical plaque control to improve its efficacy. But various interactions between CHX and dentifrices have been reported, causing confusion on the mode of usage of CHX. This study was done to try out the new modality of usage of CHX, that is immediately after tooth brushing rather than its delayed use.
Correlation of ANB, Beta and Yen angle with soft tissue profile angle in class I and class II patients: A retrospective cephalometric study.
Authors: G Katti Dr. Chandrika , Katti Dr. Girish , Mohan Dr. Archana , Kumar Talapaneni Dr. Ashok , Konda Dr. Prasad
Published: September 2021

In orthodontics, various methods of assessing sagittal jaw base relationship areformulated.Earlier, skeletal pattern was analysed only clinically, with the introduction of Cephalometrics by Broadbent and Hofrath in 1931, ANB angle and Beta angle are being used to describe skeletal discrepancies between the maxilla and mandible. YEN angle is also used as a sagittal dysplasia indicator after its introduction in 2009. The aim of our study was tocorrelate ANB, Beta and Yen angle with soft tissue profile angle in class I and class II patientsTotal of 140 lateral cephalograms of class I and class II patients were selected based on soft tissue profile angle. In each cephalogram, ANB, Beta and YEN angle were measured and compared with soft tissue profile angle. Statistical analysis carried out. Our study concluded that soft tissue drape in both Class I and class II individuals are not significantly correlated with skeletal alignment of maxilla and mandible.
Oral health awareness, attitude and oral hygiene practice among nursing students of apollo school of nursing mizoram.
Authors: Lalrintluanga Dr. H. , Srivastava Dr Nancy , Gur Dr. Arpita , Singh Dr. Nidhi , Bhargava Dr. Neetha
Published: September 2021

The WHO 2010 reported connection between oral wellbeing and general wellbeing, with common risk factors including poor diet, tobacco use and alcohol consumption. People who suffer from general health problems (diabetes, HIV) are more likelihood to have oral diseases (periodontal diseases) that, in turn, further complicate their overall health.Thus, oral health is an integral part of general wellbeing . One of the many barriers to quality oral healthcare includes a lack of attention to oral health by non-dental health care professionals (e.g., nurses, pharmacists). Nurses, being the primary health care provider to the patients, play an important role in health sector. Aside from dental professional, nurses are an integral part in health promotion and preventive information dissemination, therefore it is important that oral health knowledge should be good to decrease poor oral health outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess oral health knowledge, attitude and oral hygiene practices among nursing student of Apollo School of Nursing , Mizoram.A Questionnaire study was conducted among 150 students of Apollo School of Nursing Mizoram. A self administered structured questionnaire containing oral hygiene knowledge and awareness, attitude and oral hygiene practices questions was distributed . Their response were analyzed and their knowledge and awareness, attitude and oral hygiene practice level(KAP) were evaluated. Statistical Analysis was done by calculating the mean of the KAP level (%) . The present study showed good oral hygiene practices and fair knowledge of oral health among nursing students of Apollo School of Nursing Mizoram
Caries protective effect of two Self-etch dentin bonding agents on denuded root dentin surface: In Vitro Study
Authors: P M Dr. Jini , Shetty Dr. Shibani , K B Dr. Jayalakshmi , Nadig Dr. Prasannalatha , I Dr. Sujatha
Published: September 2021

Objective: To evaluate the caries protective effect of two self-etching dental adhesive agents on the denuded root surface. Materials and methods: The roots of 30 freshly extracted , non-carious human premolars were cleaned and denuded of cementum. The teeth surfaces were covered with acid-resistant nail varnish, exposing two rectangular windows (lingual and buccal surface) of 4 x 4 mm each. The window on the lingual furface served as the control , while the buccal window were treated with dentin bonding agent. All specimens were store in acidifed gel for 6 days for demineralization. The specimens were then divided among two experimental groups-Group A: Optibond all in one and Group B: Bond-1SF.In Group C (control group) bonding agent was not applied. The specimens were stored in 0.9% sodium chloride solution for 14 days. Plano parallel tooth sections (80 ± 20 μm) were obtained. Tooth sections were evaluated for caries‑like demineralized zone under a polarized microscope. The values obtained were analyzed using one‑way ANOVA and Tukey honesty tests. Results: In the Control group the mean depth of demineralization was 80.08µm .The depth of demineralization was significantly reduced in Group A and B. Conclusion: Self-etching dental adhesive agents with and without solvent is an effective method to prevent demineralization of root dentin.
Study of cardiovascular disease risk factors among rural schoolchildren in Sousse,Tunisia
Authors: Ghannem H.
Published: September 2021

We undertook an epidemiological survey based on a representative sample of 793 rural schoolchildren in Sousse, Tunisia to assess the prevalence of certain cardiovascular disease risk factors. The prevalence of hypertension [11.2%], hypercholesterolaemia [2.9%], hypertriglyceridaemia [1.0%], high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [0.6%] and obesity [4.0%] showed no statistically significant difference based on sex. However, smoking [4%] showed a significant gender difference [boys: 7.3%; girls 1.2%]. The relatively low cardiovascular disease risk factor profile of Tunisian children needs to be encouraged through to adulthood. Thus a school programme of heart health promotion should be established.
Self-reported adolescents’ health and gender:an Egyptian study
Authors: Galal S. B. , Hamad S. , Hassan N.
Published: September 2021

To identify self-reported health problems among adolescents, a multistage, stratified random sample of 1002 adolescents from preparatory and secondary schools in Cairo [67.6% of the total sample] and the rural district of Qaliubia [32.4%] was surveyed. Of 863 completed questionnaires analysed, 54% were from males and 46% from females [age range: 12-18 years]. The study showed that more boys than girls perceived their health as very healthy whereas more girls considered their health to be average. Significantly, more adolescent females reported weekly occurrence of abdominal pain, headache, dizziness, backache, morning tiredness, sleep disturbance and nervousness. Awareness-raising of parents and adolescents is necessary to allow determination of the relationship between gender and health.
Appendicitis in pregnancy
Authors: Duqoum W.
Published: September 2021

The clinical files of 16, 443 women delivered during the period June 1994 to June 2000 at Queen Alia Military Hospital were retrospectively studied for clinical presentation, investigation, operative findings and histopathological diagnosis of appendicitis during pregnancy. The result showed that 10 of the women underwent laparotomy for probable appendicitis. Of these, 8 had positive histopathological diagnosis. Appendicitis in pregnancy occurs infrequently. The clinical presentation varies and diagnosis is usually delayed. Right-side abdominal pain is the principal basis for diagnosis, while leukocytosis and low-level fever, as in the non-pregnant state, are unreliable for diagnosis.
Iron status and socioeconomic determinants of the quantity and quality of dietary iron in a group of rural Iranian women
Authors: Djazayery A.
Published: September 2021

Iron intake and status were investigated in 471 mothers [age range: 16-53 years] from rural areas in Khorramabad, Islamic Republic of Iran. Although average total iron intake was acceptable, only 6.4% of women derived at least 4% of their total intake from animal iron. Average energy and protein intakes were inadequate. Low iron status was seen in 8.2%-28.7%, depending on the parameter used, with 28.3% experiencing iron-deficiency anaemia. Significantly higher animal iron intakes were found in literate or employed women, or those of family size fewer than six people. Increasing employment opportunities, income levels and literacy rates for women will result in better iron intake and status and should receive particular attention in national planning.
TNF-alpha and homocysteine levels in type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Abdel Aziz M. T.
Published: September 2021

The role of homocysteine as an independent risk factor for vascular endothelial damage, and the possible link between homocysteine and tumour necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha] as two synergistic risk factors for beta-cell apoptosis in type 1 diabetes mellitus was studied. Plasma homocysteine levels were significantly elevated in all diabetic patients compared with controls and diabetic patients with vascular complications showed higher elevations. Furthermore, homocysteine levels showed significant positive correlation with the degree of microalbuminuria. TNF-alpha levels were elevated in all diabetic patients compared with controls. These results may have therapeutic implications.
Incidence of hip fractures in the Lebanese population
Authors: Baddoura R.
Published: September 2021

This is the first prospective study to estimate the incidence of hip fractures in the general population in Lebanon. All orthopaedic surgeons in Beirut reported on hip fracture cases between 1 October and 31 December 1996. Data were extrapolated to 1 year and standardized for the whole population. The estimated annual incidence rate was 0.129% [women: 0.153%, men: 0.100%], increasing with age and remaining higher in women. Our figures are comparable with larger studies in other Mediterranean countries. The incidence rate of hip fractures in our population falls within a gradient of risk between the west and the east and the north and the south, highlighting the importance of environmental and genetic factors as risk factors for osteoporotic fractures.
Efficacy of albendazole in giardiasis
Authors: Baqai R.
Published: September 2021

Albendazole and metronidazole were compared in 68 patients diagnosed positive for giardiasis. Albendazole 1200 mg, one dose was given to 24 patients, albendazole 400 mg twice a day for 3 days was given to 23 patients, and metronidazole 400 mg 3 times a day for 5 days to 21 patients. Response to therapy was monitored by clinical examination and analysis of fresh faecal samples on days 0, 3, 7 and 10. Response to the single dose of albendazole was 55%, to the divided dose of albendazole 70%, and to metronidazole 84%. The results show that albendazole, originally recommended for helminthic infection, can also be used in patients with mixed protozoal infection or for infections resistant to metronidazole.
An epidemiological profile of brucellosis in Tabuk Province, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Elbeltagy K. E.
Published: September 2021

All 137 brucellosis cases occurring in Tabuk Province, Saudi Arabia in 1997 were studied retrospectively. Brucella agglutination titre of > or = 1/80, or rising titre plus history of typical signs and symptoms were considered evidence of infection. The incidence rate was 34/100, 000, mean age 33.8 +/- 13.9 years [range: 3-72 years] and male: female ratio 1.8: 1. There were 63.5% of cases rurally resident, 58.4% kept animals at home or elsewhere, 27.0% worked with animals and/or on farms, and 88.3% reported a history of raw milk ingestion. The most common infecting agents were Brucella melitensis, B. abortus and B. suis. Splenomegaly and hepatomegaly were detected in 25.5% and 22.6% of cases respectively.
Impact of triage in accident and emergency departments in Bahrain
Authors: Fateha B. E. , Hamza A. Y.
Published: September 2021

We aimed to assess the impact of triage by physicians on the workload and expenditure of the Accident and Emergency [AE] Department of Salmaniya Medical Complex, Bahrain. We analysed three sets of data: patient visits to the AE Department over a 9-month period; patient visits 1 year previously; and forecast patient visits over 9 months starting from July 1999. The referral of patients to AE cubicles was reduced by 54.4% after the implementation of the triage, and reduction in the workload was statistically significant. The reduction in health care expenditure was estimated at between 15.3% and 17.3%. We conclude that triage by physicians can be cost-effective and can reduce the AE Department workload, freeing more time to manage life-threatening and urgent cases.
Prevalence of tobacco use among the adult Lebanese population
Authors: Baddoura R. , Wehbeh Chidiac C.
Published: September 2021

To determine the prevalence of smoking in Lebanon, 727 individuals aged > or = 19 years were randomly selected for study using Emile Roux and Fagerstrom questionnaires. Smokers were defined as those answering “yes” to the question, “Do you currently smoke?” A Fagerstrom score > or = 6 indicated strong nicotine addiction. The prevalence of smoking was 53.6%. The male/female ratio was 1.23, with 67.0% of smokers categorized as addicted. Failure to quit was related to withdrawal symptoms, mostly irritability [57%] and weight gain [20%]. Recommendations are given for combating this high prevalence of tobacco use.
Joining the nursing profession in Qatar:motives and perceptions
Authors: Okasha M. S. , Ziady H. H.
Published: September 2021

Weaimed to identify why female students in Qatar decide to become nurses and how the students perceived the community attitude towards nursing. A self-administered anonymous questionnaire was distributed to all [57] female students of the four academic classes of the Nursing Unit, University of Qatar for the academic year 1999-2000. The two commonest reasons for joining the nursing profession were an interest in medical services and the humanitarian nature of nursing. There were 33 [57.89%] students who considered there was a negative community attitude towards nursing mainly due to the presence of male patients and colleagues and the working hours. A mass media campaign and governmental support were two strategies suggested to change this.
The antenatal care debate
Authors: Baldo M. H.
Published: September 2021

The antenatal care debate has focused on the frequency of antenatal care, its content, continuity, quality, organization, effectiveness and impact on morbidity and mortality. Established antenatal care schedules have been called into question. Randomized controlled trials comparing reduced schedules with routine antenatal care have shown similar or better outcomes for the reduced protocols. Furthermore, midwives, with or without physicians, can provide continuous maternity care comparable to obstetrician-led care. Some women disliked the new protocol, but a reduced protocol of high quality provided by competent midwives is cost-effective, spares scarce physicians and ensures women’s satisfaction. It is recommended globally.
Parents in the anesthetic induction room: the preferences of parents in Kuwait
Authors: Purva M. , Al Saleh N. , Hemadri M.
Published: September 2021

Toascertain whether the parents in Kuwait desire to be present during the induction of anesthesia in their children and to obtain the parents’ views on factors associated with such presence. The parents of 80 children scheduled for surgery under general anesthesia were given asked to complete a questionnaire. An overwhelming 88.75% of parents wished to he present in the anesthetic room during induction. Parents in Kuwait should he allowed to be present during the induction of anesthesia in their child. Protocols should be drafted accordingly and must include other child-friendly measures to reduce anxiety among parents and children in Kuwait.
Bioenvironmental and meteorological factors related to the persistence of malaria in Fayoum Governorate: a retrospective study
Authors: Bassiouny H. K.
Published: September 2021

The present study was conducted to determine the magnitude of the malaria problem in Fayoum Governorate and to ascertain the determinant factors behind its persistence in this area. Malaria records in Fayoum Governorate for the period 1971-1999 were reviewed retrospectively. The data show that no Plasmodium vivax cases were recorded during 1997-1999 and prediction up till 2004 indicated no positive cases expected. No P. falciparum cases were detected in 1998 and 1999. The prediction trend for this species showed an apparent but not statistically significant decrease in the incidence. The factors responsible for the persistence of malaria in this governorate are discussed.
Antimicrobial resistance and plasmid profiles of urinary Escherichia coli isolates from Jordanian patients
Authors: Shehabi A. A. , Mahafzah A. M. , Al Khalili K. Z.
Published: September 2021

Weinvestigated antimicrobial resistance patterns and plasmid profiles of uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from inpatients and outpatients at Jordan University Hospital in 2000 and 2001. E. coli accounted for 32.4% and 37.4% of all isolates respectively. The lowest susceptibility was for ampicillin [11%], cotrimoxazole [23%] and tetracycline [26%]. The relative incidence of resistant isolates of E. coli to nalidixic acid, gentamicin, norfloxacin, cefuroxime and nitrofurantoin was significantly greater for inpatients than for outpatients [P< 0.05]. A large, transferable R-plasmid of 28 kb was found in most E. coli isolates [67%] that were resistant to at least ampicillin, cotrimoxazole and tetracycline. This R-plasmid reservoir may contribute to the spread of multiple antibiotic resistance in our Region
Evaluation of the COBAS AMPLICOR MTB test for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
Authors: Abu Amero K. K. , Halablab M. A.
Published: September 2021

Wevaluated the COBAS AMPLICOR polymerase chain reaction [PCR] based test for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in 866 respiratory and non-respiratory samples. Acid-fast staining and culture on Lowenstein-Jensen medium were also performed on all samples. Of the 866 samples tested, 87 [10.0%] were PCR-positive compared to 94 [10.9%] culture positive. There were no false positive results but 7 PCR-negative, culture-positive samples were, considered false negatives after reviewing medical records of patients. A PCR inhibitory rate of 2.0% [17/866] was observed in respiratory samples only. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for this test were 92.5%, 100%, 100% and 99.1% respectively. This test is a valuable diagnostic tool for today’s mycobacteriology laboratory
Primary care psychiatry: pertinent Arabian perspectives
Authors: El Rufaie O. E.
Published: September 2021

There is substantive evidence of significant psychiatric morbidity among primary care patients, mainly in the form of anxiety and depressive disorders. A careful critical approach is essential for ensuring the cultural relevance, validity and reliability of the psychiatric screening instruments used to identify such morbidity. Most psychiatric morbidity among primary care patients passes undetected by the primary care practitioners. This will inevitably lead to unnecessary investigation and medication and the continuation of suffering for patients. Comorbidity and physical presentation in most instances contribute significantly to failure to detect psychiatric disorders. To deal with this problem of hidden psychiatric morbidity, carefully designed educational and training programmes need to be tailored to address the particular weaknesses and needs of primary care doctors
Epidemiological and clinical aspects of neurosyphilis in Morocco
Authors: Yahyaoui M.
Published: September 2021

Neurosyphilis accounts for 56%-70% of all visceral syphilis and is a complication in 5%-10% of cases of untreated syphilis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological aspects and clinical presentations of neurosyphilis in Morocco through a series of 201 patients attending the Centre for Neurological Services at the university hospital in Rabat between 1986 and 1997. The mean age of the patients was 41.26 [SD 9.23] years [range:17-70 years] ; the majority [91%] were male. The incidence of neurosyphilis in Morocco is high. From 31 cases per year in 1985, it has fallen since 1990 to reach 10 cases in 1997. Among the different clinical presentations recorded, chronic meningoencepahalitis was the commonest, followed by meningovasculitis, tabes dorsalis and optic atrophy
THE ESSENCE AND OBJECTIVE NECESSITY OF THE FORMATION OF THE MARKET OF MATERIAL AND TECHNICAL RESOURCES IN A MARKET ECONOMY
Authors:   Namangan Institute of Engineering and Technology of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Rahimov Bahromjon , Ibrahimov Behzodbek ,   Kokand University of Uzbekistan
Published: September 2021

The establishment of market relations in agriculture requires the development of the system of material and technical resources on the basis of market principles. Weak financial situation of agricultural enterprises, weakening of economic relations with the manufacturer of equipment, transport costs, transit, high customs duties, devaluation of money, imbalances between prices for agricultural and industrial products and a number of other factors.Keywords:Agriculture, resource, material resrs, price, efficiency, cost-effectiveness.
OPPORTUNITIES TO ENSURE THE STABILITY OF MODERN HOTELS
Authors:   Tashkent state university of economics of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Nurfayzieva Mokhinur
Published: September 2021

This article explores the possibilities of preventing the Covid 19 pandemic and its negative consequences, reducing the damage from the pandemic in the development of the international hotel industry and developing measures to protect the industry and related industries in a difficult situation, both economicallyand socially. The sustainability recommendations for each of the modern hotels have been compared with international analytics and scientific findings.
THE ROLE OF TOURISM IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND ITS DIRECTIONS FOR ITS DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Termez State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Nadjibulla Kagar
Published: September 2021

This article highlights tourism and its role in economic development. The ongoing reforms in the development of tourism in Uzbekistan and the measures taken to develop tourism were studied and statistical analysis was carried out. In addition, directions for further development of the tourism sector are proposed
VERIFICATION OF THE HYPOTHESIS OF ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF PROFESSIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES
Authors:   Tashkent Institute of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Zikrieev Aziz
Published: September 2021

This study is an econometric analysis of the effectiveness of labor protection in construction companies in the country. It also explores the prospects for human capital development as a result of hypothesis testing of the regression equation, including normal distribution, multicollinearity, autocorrelation, heteroscedasticity, and model stability.The purpose of the study is to strengthen the model by studying the errors observed in the process of econometric analysis of economic losses of organizations as a result of accidents and occupational diseases in the construction industry of Uzbekistan in the process of labor protection.Scientific novelty of the research:1. Econometric analysis of the current state of significance of the economic losses of construction contractors;
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE VIRTUAL-NETWORK PARADIGM OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AT THE ENTERPRISES OF THE FUEL AND ENERGY COMPLEX
Authors:   Tashkent state technical university named Islam Karimov Of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Zagidullina Kamila
Published: September 2021

The relevance is increasing due to the need for a theoretical substantiation of the directions and mechanism of further market transformation of the fuel and energy complex, taking into account the dependence of the processes and results of its economic development on the effectiveness of corporate governance mechanisms. Key words:economics, fuel and energy complex, corporate governance, functional approach, process approach, virtual-network paradigm, mechanism
Prologo
Authors:   University of Nevada, Reno, NV, United States, Hayes Steven C. , Virues-Ortega Javier ,   Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Pérez-Bustamante Pereira Agustín
Published: September 2021

Los coautores de este volumen me han pedido que escriba un prólogo personal. Me da un poco de vergüenza hacerlo, ya que me parece demasiado autoconsciente, aunque, finalmente, he aceptado, ya que me permite reconocer una serie de deudas históricas, y ayudar a reducir la dañina y falsa percepción de que la teoría del marco relacional (TMR) es una intrusión exterior en la psicología conductual. En primer lugar, me gustaría reconocer la deuda que la TMR tiene con Willard Day. Escuché a Willard hablar en 1972 o 1973 cuando comenzaba mis estudios de posgrado. Su llamamiento a entender el lenguaje tal y como se utiliza de forma natural, se convirtió para mí en un compromiso de por vida. En cierto modo, este compromiso no estaba ligado sólo a esa línea de trabajo, sino que llegó a ser un compromiso personal con el propio Willard, que era uno de los seres humanos más carismáticos, inteligentes y complejos que he conocido. Más tarde, cuando Willard me convenció para ir a la Universidad de Nevada, tuve la oportunidad de pasar algunos años junto a él, antes de que un ataque al corazón se llevara repentinamente a este gran hombre. Irónicamente, el propio Willard no suscribía el enfoque de la TMR, aunque trataba de entenderla en profundidad, porque valoraba sus fines. Para mí, la TMR fue una forma de responder al desafío planteado por Willard, y si algo bueno sale de ella, Willard es en parte responsable. Él fue quien me dio la misión...
La edad como factor determinante en la atención por teleconsulta
Authors: Grajales Becerra Laura Tatiana , Angel Bello Yissel Gerpe , Tapiero Rojas Johan David
Published: September 2021

Objetivo. Determinar si la edad es un factor importante en la prestación de los servicios de teleconsulta por parte de los profesionales de salud, mediante una revisión de la literatura disponible.
Materiales y métodos. En las bases de datos se encontraron 34.000 resultados. Se escogieron 50 artículos donde se mencionaba la teleconsulta. El mayor número de investigaciones se llevó a cabo en Estados Unidos, España, Australia, India y Suecia. Se tuvieron en cuenta criterios de inclusión y exclusión.
Resultados. En los 50 artículos seleccionados se pudieron establecer cinco categorías: normatividad, importancia de la telemedicina, grupos de edad, factores diferenciales y aceptabilidad por parte de los profesionales de la salud. Se evidencia que los adultos mayores son menos tolerantes a los cambios y a la adherencia a las nuevas tecnologías comparados con los pacientes en edades pediátricas. Sin embargo, son los primeros quienes utilizan con mayor frecuencia los servicios de teleconsulta dado los requerimientos frecuentes de asistencia propios de la edad adulta. Además, en los adultos mayores que necesitan de personal cuidador la atención se vio limitada porque este no ofreció los datos requeridos por dificultad en el uso de los dispositivos tecnológicos.
Conclusiones. Esta investigación demuestra que la edad puede comportarse como un factor determinante en la atención por teleconsulta, sobre todo la edad adulta en la que ocurren los cambios fisiológicos propios de la senectud y el requerimiento de acompañantes permanentes se convierte en una necesidad. La escasa adherencia a nuevas tecnologías, secundaria a limitaciones físicas y motrices, impiden una consulta efectiva desde la virtualidad en tal grupo etario.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND RESOURCE FACTORS OF THE EMERGENCE OF NETWORK PROTEST OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF THE RUSSIAN NORTH (ON THE EXAMPLE OF YANAO)
Authors:   Moscow state Linguistic University, Magomedov Arbakhan К. , Tokunaga Masahiro ,   Kansai University
Published: September 2021

The article examines social changes among reindeer herdsmen in Yamal that have provided the phenomenon of online opposition community “the Voice of Tundra”. The prevailing approach to social processes among Nenets tun- dra native people should be reconsidered according to the authors of the article. Based on the inputs provided with the help of field studies performed in Yamal- Nenets Autonomous Okrug (YNAO) in 2017–2019 the authors have formulated “the Yamal paradox”. The real reasons for the “Yamal paradox” are due to accumu- lated problems that have not been adequately resolved for a long time. First of all, it is unemployment among indigenous youth with a demographic growth among the Nenets. To this we can add the uncertainty of the life prospects of nomadic reindeer herders in the atmosphere of accelerated industrial development of the region, as well as the crisis of indigenous leadership and official organizations of indigenous peoples. Population growth among Nenets reindeer herdsmen, dou- bling of reindeer in number and intense industrialization of the region as well have led to a clash in interest of expanding fuel and energy complex and growing nomadic populations. The fundamental precondition of the unintended conflict was the land-resource issue. It was associated with the alienation and industrial development of the tundra lands, which the natives used as pastures for centuries. The process of re-valuation of the key issues and challenges that communities of indigenous people have come across as a result of quick transformation of YNAO into the new oil-and-gas province of Russia can be demonstrated due to the outcomes achieved. Re-valuating and attitudinal changing of native people have contributed to indigenous resistance. New media such as social network “VKontakte” have become a means of transmitting indigenous voice and anxiety.
ON THE DIALECTICS OF RELIGIOUS AND ETHNIC RELATIONS: METHODOLOGICAL AND REGIONAL ASPECTS
Authors:   Dagestan State University, Hajiyev Magomedemin M.
Published: September 2021

We are talking about the dialectic of two main vectors of identification of a person and society – ethnic and confessional. The author substantiates the inadmissibility of extremes in their assessment, associated with underestimation or overestimation of one of these factors. It is proved that the influence of religion on ethno-social processes in certain spheres is manifested with varying degrees of intensity. Religious influence is least noticeable in the financial and economic sphere, since it mainly operates universal and national mechanisms. Some ways of optimizing confessional ethnic and social interaction at the present stage are listed. The author studies the complex socio-political and spiritual situation in the recent past and examines some negative consequences of the activities of radical religious and political movement and organizations in the republics of the North Caucasus.
The Giant Nypa Palm Worm Namalycastis rhodochorde (Polychaeta: Nereididae) in West Kalimantan: Reproduction and Aquaculture Studies
Authors: Junardi
Published: September 2021

West Kalimantan shows many reproductive events of Nereidid worms in estuaries.

The Peniti and Karimunting estuaries become a Nereidid mass spawning site every year. Other estuaries such as the Kapuas river is also the one habitat of the Nereidid worm called the giant Nypa palm worm, Namalycastis rhodochorde. This species has a magnificent length in body size and popular use for fishing bait. The high demand for this worm causes habitat destruction and decreases the population in nature so cultivation efforts are important to do. Basic data encompassing habitat characteristics, reproduction, feeding, development, and larval rearing to enhancing cultivation has been obtained.

Larval and juvenile stocking densities including aquarium installations are currently being studied in the laboratory. Further studies on harvesting techniques, specific

pathogen-free (SPF) products as well as a sustainable production need to be carried out

at industrial aquaculture level.
Expression of Recombinant Fusion Protein of NDV from Escherichia coli BL-21 C-1b Clone using AccurapidTM Cell-Free Protein Expression System
Authors: Andrian Krisna Noli , Haryanto Aris
Published: September 2021

Newcastle Disease (ND) is an infectious disease that infected poultry caused by Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV). NDV is a virus from family Paramyxoviridae which enveloped, unsegmented single strand (ss) RNA negative sense. Fusion (F) protein is an NDV protein that has an important role in the infection process of NDV to the host cell. F protein of NDV can induce the immune response of the host so that it has the potential to become an NDV vaccine. Recombinant plasmid pBT7-N-His-F has been designed by inserting the F protein-encoding gene of NDV. The inserted gene is an F protein of NDV from a local isolate from Galur, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro expression of the recombinant F of NDV from recombinant plasmid pBT7-N-His-F NDV from E. coli BL-21 clone C-1b. Samples of recombinant plasmid pBT7-N-His-F NDV showed a DNA fragment in size of 4.642 bp. The DNA fragment was then digested by the EcoRI enzyme to separate the pBT7-N-His vector with the F protein-encoding gene as a DNA insert. Restriction digest generated two DNA fragments in the size of 4.001 bp and 642 bp. The in vitro expression of recombinant F protein was conducted using the AccuRapidTM Cell-free Expression system. The visualization of the expressed recombinant F protein using the SDS-PAGE method showed a recombinant protein fragment in size of 25.6 kDa. The Western blotting on the polyvinyl difluoride (PVDF) membrane showed a recombinant protein fragment in size of 25.6 kDa. The recombinant F protein of NDV was successfully in vitro expressed from clone C-1b of recombinant plasmid pBT7-N-His-FNDV by AccuRapidTM Cell-free protein expression system.
Isolation and Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Tempoyak for Making Yoghurt by Morphological and Biochemical Characterization
Authors: Rahayu Hanum Mukti
Published: September 2021

The selection of starter bacteria in yoghurt fermentation is important to produce yoghurt with good quality. The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in “tempoyak” (local fermented durian pulp) have the potential to be starter bacteria for making yoghurt because the yoghurt fermentation process is the same as the tempoyak fermentation. This study aimed to isolate and identify morphological and biochemical characterization of LAB from tempoyak which will be used as starter bacteria. LAB selection was based on their ability to produce acid compounds and lactase. LAB isolates were identified based on morphological and biochemical tests. The results of the study obtained 23 isolates of the LAB with the same colony characteristics namely round shape, broken white color with convex elevation and smooth surface, and entire edge. Selection of acid-producing and lactase-producing LAB obtained six isolates (Tp-1, Tp-2, Tp-3, Tp-7, Tp-12, and Tp-19). The biochemical test showed six LABs were gram-positive bacteria, non-endospore, non- motile, and catalase-negative.