bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revision of Molopsis Schatzmayr (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Pterostichini), with descriptions of four new species
Authors: LOHAJ ROMAN , GUÉORGUIEV BORISLAV , DUBAULT GÉRARD , LASSALLE BERNARD
Published: March 2019

The species belonging to the subgenus Molopsis Schatzmayr, 1943 of genus Tapinopterus Schaum, 1858 are revised. Thestudy is based on 372 specimens and includes, for each taxon, diagnosis, description (only for the new species), references,new distributional records and illustrations. Morphological characters of the male and female genitalia are widely used todelimit the separate species, the significance of some non-gonapophyseal genital structures of the females for the system-atics of Molopsis is explicitly emphasized. For the first time, the male genitalia of T. molopiformis, T. molopinus, T. wie-demanni, and T. rebellis, including also newly described species, as well as female genitalia of Molopsis are described andillustrated. All available type material is listed and represented by habitus photographs.As a result, 9 monotypic species of Molopsis are recognized. Tapinopterus rebellis (Chaudoir, 1868) and T. rebelliskumanensis (Reitter, 1884), formerly assigned to Molopsis are recognized as outgroup-taxa. The following new speciesare described: T. (Molopsis) aenigmaticus sp.nov. (Asian Turkey, „Armenia“ imprecise locality), T. (Molopsis) chaudoirisp.nov. (Asian Turkey, Bursa Villayet, Uludağ Mt., Sakarya (Adapazari) Villayet, Gökdağ Mt.), T. (Molopsis) oyukluensissp.nov. (Asian Turkey, Konya Villayet, Fasihan Pass), and T. (Molopsis) relegatus sp.nov. (Asian Turkey, Bolu Villayet,Mengen env., Dorukhan Pass). The following nomenclatural acts are also proposed: Tapinopterus (Molopsis) molopinus (Chaudoir, 1868) = Tapinopterus (Molopsis) dipojranus brussanus Straneo, 1984, syn.nov.; Tapinopterus (Molopsis)
Multiformis, a new genus of Evacanthini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Evacanthinae), with the descriptions of two new species from China
Authors: LI YU-JIAN , LI ZI-ZHONG
Published: March 2019

Multiformis, a new leafhopper genus of Evacanthinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), and two species, Multiformis longlin-gensis sp. nov. and Multiformis nigrifacialis sp. nov., from Yunnan, China are described. The differences between the new genus and the closely related genus Angustella Li are discussed.
Lathriobates manohardasi sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Gerromorpha: Gerridae) from Tamil Nadu, India, with a key to the species
Authors: CHANDRA KAILASH , JEHAMALAR E. EYARIN
Published: March 2019

Lathriobates manohardasi sp. nov. is described and compared with known congeners. A key to the species of the genus of world is included.
Two new species of the genus Plumaroides Brothers, 1974 (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea, Plumariidae) from Argentina
Authors: DIEZ PATRICIA A. , FIDALGO PATRICIO
Published: March 2019

Two new species of the genus Plumaroides Brothers, 1974 from Catamarca and La Rioja provinces of Argentina P. aquilusDiez & Fidalgo, sp. nov. and P. tapilophus Diez & Fidalgo, sp. nov. are described and illustrated. A key to separate males of five known species of Plumaroides is provided.
Pseudopaludicola ternetzi (Anura: Leiuperidae): two lectotypes for the same taxon
Authors: CARDOZO DARIO , BALDO DIEGO
Published: March 2019

Pseudopaludicola ternetzi was described on the basis of an undefined number of syntypes, but involving males and females (Miranda-Ribeiro 1937). Since Miranda-Ribeiro described this species, several taxonomic considerations were made on it. First, Bokermann (1966) considered P. ternetzi as a synonym of P. ameghini (Cope 1887), without giving any evidence to support this decision. Although some authors followed this proposal (like Gallardo 1968), others continued considering P. ternetzi as a good species (e.g., Frost 1985; Lynch 1989). Haddad and Cardoso (1987) provided bioacustic and morphometric evidence to consider P. ameghini as a junior synonym of P. mystacalis (Cope 1887). In 1996, Lobo reviewed the type specimens of P. ameghini, P. mystacalis, and P. saltica described by Cope (1887) and housed at the ANSP (Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia), and redescribed P. ternetzi based on four vouchers collected by Dr. Ternetz in December of 1923, deposited in the Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (MNRJ). In coincidence with Haddad and Cardoso (1987), Lobo (1996) considered P. ameghini as a junior synonym of P. mystacalis, assigned a lectotype for P. ternetzi (MNRJ 5462, male), and designated as paralectotypes the vouchers MNRJ 477, MNRJ 5460, and MNRJ 5461 (all females). Lobo choose the only male syntype examined by him as lectotype considering that the detailed description by Miranda-Ribeiro (1937) of a male matched with the size and morphology of this specimen, while only reported some details of a female. Such taxonomic decision was based on the article 74 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1985).
Monographic revision of the endemic Helix mazzullii De Cristofori & Jan, 1832 complex from Sicily and re-introduction of the genus Erctella Monterosato, 1894 (Pulmonata, Stylommatophora, Helicidae) Zootaxa, 3134, 1–42 (Erratum)
Authors: COLOMBA -
Published: March 2019

Erratum
Taxonomic review of the genus Paranisitra Chopard (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Eneopterinae: Nisitrini) with description of a new species from Mindanao
Authors: BAROGA-BARBECHO JESSICA B. , YAP SHERYL A. , TAN MING KAI , ROBILLARD TONY
Published: March 2019

The genus Paranisitra Chopard (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Eneopterinae: Nisitrini) is reviewed. New records and additional descriptions are provided for P. longipes Chopard, P. leytensis Robillard, and P. septentria Baroga, Yap & Robillard, and a new species is described from Mindanao: Paranisitra flavofacia n. sp. A taxonomic key and updated checklist of the genus Paranisitra in the world are also provided.
Megasybacodes brevitarsis, a new genus and species of Rhyparini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae) from Borneo
Authors: KAKIZOE SHOWTARO , MARUYAMA MUNETOSHI , MASUMOTO KIMIO
Published: March 2019

Megasybacodes brevitarsis Kakizoe, Maruyama & Masumoto, a new genus and new species of the tribe Rhyparini, is described based on a single female from Borneo. It is allied to the genus Sybacodes Fairmaire, 1896, but easily distinguished by its short protarsi, broad flattened basal tarsomeres of the meso- and metatarsi, broad flattened tibiae, and wrinkled pronotal and elytral surfaces. Checklist of rhyparine species from Borneo is also provided.
Four new species of the genus Mallinella (Araneae: Zodariidae) from Malaysia
Authors: ZHANG BAO-SHI , ZHANG FENG
Published: March 2019

Four new species of the genus Mallinella Strand, 1906, from the natural forests of Malaysia, are described as Mallinella bicanaliculata sp. n. (♂♀), M. calautica sp. n. (♂♀), M. laxa sp. n. (♂♀), and M. obliqua sp. n. (♂♀). The four new species belong to four species groups and were collected from the forest litter in Sabah state by sieving.
First occurrence and description of Aceria fraxiniflora (Felt, 1906) Acariformes: Eriophyoidea) from Europe
Authors: KORDA M. , CSÓKA GY. , SZABÓ Á. , RIPKA G.
Published: March 2019

Aceria fraxiniflora (Felt, 1906) is reported from Europe for the first time. This mite has never been described before and we therefore describe and illustrate the female and the nymph. The species was collected from the galled inflorescences and fruits of the introduced species Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall (Oleaceae) in Hungary, and from Fraxinus americana L. in Indiana, USA.
Zerconid mites (Acari, Zerconidae) in Inner Aegean Region, with a new record for the Turkish fauna
Authors: URHAN RAŞİT , DURAN ELİF HİLAL
Published: March 2019

The zerconid mites collected from Afyonkarahisar, Kütahya and Uşak provinces between February 2014 and August 2016 are evaluated and the following species are recorded: Zercon afyonensis, Z. alattini, Z. anatolicus, Z. arslani, Z. beleviensis, Z. burdurensis, Z. cabylus, Z. carpathicus, Z. cokelezicus, Z. colligans, Z. delicatus, Z. denizliensis, Z. domanicensis, Z. ekizi, Z. emirdagicus, Z. hispanicus, Z. huseyini, Z. inonuensis, Z. insperatus, Z. juvarae, Z. karacamehmeti, Z. laczii, Z. longisetosus, Z. magdae, Z. marinae, Z. mehmeturhani, Z. osmaneliensis, Z. plumatopilus, Z. quadricavum, Z. similifoveolatus, Z. soguticus, Z. tefenniensis, Z. turcicus, Z. yusufi, Prozercon balikesirensis, P. banazensis, P. denizliensis, P. bulbiferus, P. erdogani, P. graecus, P. morazae, P. plumosus, P. tragardhi and P. yavuzi. Of these, Z. hispanicus was recorded as a new record for Turkey. The measurements of 44 species and their geographic distributions are are given, and their altitude and habitat preferences of zerconid species are presented.
Street Demonstrations and the Media Agenda: An Analysis of the Dynamics of Protest Agenda Setting
Authors: Jennings Will , Saunders Clare
Published: March 2019

This article argues that the agenda-setting power of protest must be understood in dynamic terms. Specifically, it develops and tests a dynamic theory of media reaction to protest which posits that features of street demonstrations—such as their size, violence, societal conflict, and the presence of a “trigger”—lead protest issues to be reported and sustained in the media agenda over time. We conduct a unique empirical analysis of media coverage of protest issues, based upon a data set of 48 large-scale street demonstrations in nine countries. Time-series cross-sectional analysis is used to estimate the dynamic effects of demonstration features on media coverage of the protest issue. The findings show that violence can increase media attention in the short term and larger protest size sustains it over the longer term. The agenda-setting power of protest is structured in time.
The view from MARS: US paleoconservatism and ideological challenges to the liberal world order
Authors: Drolet Jean-Francois , Williams Michael
Published: March 2019

Challenges to the liberal international order have tended to focus on the politics of populism most often traced to reactions against economic dislocation and mass migration. Parts of this portrait are undoubtedly true, but it also risks being deeply misleading. To fully understand the nature and depth of contemporary far-right movements, we need to examine more closely the distinctive ideological movements that inform and animate them. This article explores one specific articulation of these movements: US paleoconservatism. Although relatively unknown in the mainstream media, this anti-establishment strain of radical conservatism has provided intellectual ammunition to a wide range of agents and ideological forces challenging the prevailing liberal order nationally and internationally, including important parts of the anti-liberal politics of foreign policy under President Donald Trump.
Pest diagnosis system based on deep learning using collective intelligence
Authors: Lee Hoo-Young , Kim Dong-Hyun , Park Koo-Rack
Published: March 2019

With the recent development of agriculture, the growing area and utilization rate of facilities are increasing, but it is necessary to control and prevent pests, and if the disease is detected at an early stage, appropriate treatment is possible. To this end, researches on control systems using artificial intelligence are being expanded recently, therefore we propose a pest diagnosis system using data acquisition and deep learning through collective intelligence. This study modeled the diagnostic system based on deep learning using the collective intelligence that the user group participates in the prediction of pests arising from the plant cultivation and the data registered by experts in the field. Diagnostic data were collected information on pest diagnosis registered on the Internet and used; the collected data were constructed as a data set that is easy to analyze, through preprocessing, types of crops were classified, pests data were studied through TensorFlow. Most of the researches for the control and prevention of pests are based on web-based expert system. In this paper, we collect data through the collective intelligence and the general public. Especially, when a user uses input question and answers data without a formalized format, it gives wrong prediction; therefore, the preprocessing process was performed for data analysis because it could adversely affect the reliability of the system. After the data collection and preprocessing process is completed, a prediction model is created using TensorFlow, an artificial intelligence open source framework, using the generated data set. The user was allowed to input arbitrary data values while testing the data one to five times based on the data value and the effective value of the prediction model was confirmed according to the change of the value. Through the research, it is proved that diagnosis of pests is possible by using collective intelligence. In future research, research on the construction of a system that enables users to diagnose pests more easily should be continued using not only collective intelligence but also image and video.
A Place in the Sun: Black Placemaking in Pan African Detroit
Authors: Radney El-Ra Adair
Published: March 2019

The article argues that a distinctive character of the Black city is revealed in its connections to African heritage preservation. The Africanized Black city is situated within the long foundations of Pan African thought. A main assertion is that Black dignity is (re)instilled through the reconstruction of Afrocentric identity and philosophy for the Black urbanite navigating the unresolved problem(s) of the color line. Pan African legacies in the African American encounter with the modern city erected the localization of “African Home,” where the spiritual citizenship inhabited by Pan African architects generated an agency of self-determination in Black placemaking. In this way, Black placemaking “refers to the ways that Black Americans create sites of endurance, belonging, and resistance through social interaction.”
The Political Economy of Niggerdom: W. E. B. Du Bois and Martin Luther King Jr. on the Racial and Economic Discrimination of Black Males in America
Authors: Ogungbure Adebayo
Published: March 2019

In The Color of Money, Baradaran argues that the defining feature of America’s racial divide is the wealth gap which is where the seeds of historic anti-Black injustice and the present economic sufferings of African Americans were sown. While exploring the philosophical thoughts of W. E. B. Du Bois and Martin Luther King Jr., this essay grapples with such roots of anti-Black economic injustice by highlighting how the American capitalist economy was designed to, ultimately, destroy Black families through the exclusion of Black males from the system of wealth creation. I argue that insights from the structural, socio-political and economic critiques of W. E. B Du Bois and Martin Luther King Jr. reveal how America operated a “political economy of niggerdom”—a system that utilizes various modes of anti-Black misandry, and the stereotype of criminalization as the basis for racial and economic discrimination against Black males.
Sociocultural Changes and the Construction of Identity in Lesbian and Gay Elderly People in Argentina
Authors: Iacub Ricardo , Arias Claudia J. , Mansinho Mariana , Winzeler Martín , Vazquez Jofre Rocio
Published: March 2019

In the last two decades, lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender + elderly people in Argentina have experienced considerable transformations with respect to social policies and laws as well as in the media and public opinion. This article aims to analyze the levels of acceptance and expression of identity (“coming out”) in lesbian and gay seniors based on the political and legal changes that have occurred in Argentina but also in their relationship with others. Focus groups were conducted with 10 older gay and 10 older lesbians. The results indicate that sociocultural changes are seen as something positive although doubts arise about the in-depth and authenticity of the changes. The same-sex marriage and gender identity laws are considered as a symbol of an era of greater tolerance and diversity in which they have achieved the exercise of their rights as citizens.
Effect of multimodal intervention on postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopy
Authors: Ma Kai , Wu Xiuxiu , Chen Yongquan , Yuan Hui
Published: March 2019

Objective

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication in patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery, and achieving good results is difficult with a single antiemetic method. This study investigated whether multimodal intervention can reduce PONV in patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery.

Methods

A total of 153 patients who underwent gynecological laparoscopic surgery were randomized into the control group and multimodal group. Patients in the multimodal group received dexmedetomidine 1 µg/kg intravenously 15 minutes before induction of anesthesia. A bilateral transversus abdominis plane block was performed with 0.375% ropivacaine 30 mL after induction of anesthesia. Scores of postoperative nausea and vomiting, the visual analog scale, and the Bruggemann comfort scale (BCS) were assessed 24 hours postoperatively.

Results

Nausea and vomiting scores were significantly lower at 2, 6, and 24 hours in the multimodal group compared with the control group. BCS scores were significantly higher at 0 to 24 hours in the multimodal group compared with the control group.

Conclusions

Multimodal intervention improves PONV and increases patients’ comfort. The multimodal approach can also enhance recovery after gynecological laparoscopic surgery.
Do pharmacists counsel customers about the effects of sedating antihistamines on driving skills? A survey of community pharmacies in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Khojah Hani MJ
Published: March 2019

Objective

To investigate the level of counselling regarding the effects of sedating antihistamines on driving skills provided by private community pharmacies in Madinah, Saudi Arabia.

Methods

This study randomly selected private community pharmacies. Mystery shoppers following a similar scenario individually visited these pharmacies. These clients asked for a commonly used brand of sedating antihistamine and noted the counselling offered by the pharmacist. If spontaneous counselling was not offered, necessary information regarding the medication’s use was requested. Finally, the content of counselling was documented.

Results

Of the 100 pharmacies selected, 12 were excluded for various reasons and 88 pharmacies were included in the study. Only 23 pharmacies offered spontaneous counselling. Although 73.9% of pharmacists (65 of 88), spontaneously or upon request, mentioned sedation as a side-effect, only one pharmacist warned the client against driving after taking the medication, and three other pharmacists warned against dealing with hazardous machinery. Other side-effects were almost ignored.

Conclusion

A life-threatening insufficiency in the quality of counselling at Saudi Arabian private community pharmacies exists. Traffic accidents, secondary to the side-effects of sedating antihistamines, may be avoided if proper counselling is offered. Saudi Arabian authorities should take appropriate actions to ensure optimal practice in community pharmacies.
Understand the Multi-Level Effects of the Built Environment on Trip-Chaining Behavior
Authors: Pang Hao , Zhang Ming
Published: March 2019

The debate on the effects of the built environment (BE) on travel behavior has been ongoing despite a large number of studies completed in the past three decades. This study aims to inform the debate by extending the BE–travel behavior investigation to the scope of trip-chaining. Specifically, the study conceptualized the contexture frame for the relationship of BE attributes and trip-chain travel behavior and estimated 2-level hierarchical linear models (HLM) of chained trip tours with travel survey data from the Puget Sound region. The results show that travelers who live in areas with better transit access, higher residential and non-residential density, and higher level of land use mixture generated low percentage of miles traveled by vehicle (PVMT) during their daily tours. Furthermore, considering the cross-level interactive effect, the study demonstrates that the impacts of the non-residential density at work location and the residential density at home location on PVMT are moderated by vehicle ownership.
Examining the Equity Impacts of Autonomous Vehicles: A Travel Demand Model Approach
Authors: Cohn Jesse , Ezike Richard , Martin Jeremy , Donkor Kwasi , Ridgway Matthew , Balding Melissa
Published: March 2019

As investments in autonomous vehicle (AV) technology continue to grow, agencies are beginning to consider how AVs will affect travel behavior within their jurisdictions and how to respond to this new mobility technology. Different autonomous futures could reduce, perpetuate, or exacerbate existing transportation inequities. This paper presents a regional travel demand model used to quantify how transportation outcomes may differ for disadvantaged populations in the Washington, D.C. area under a variety of future scenarios. Transportation performance measures examined included job accessibility, trip duration, trip distance, mode share, and vehicle miles traveled. The model evaluated changes in these indicators for disadvantaged and non-disadvantaged communities under scenarios when AVs were primarily single-occupancy or high-occupancy, and according to whether transit agencies responded to AVs by maintaining the status quo, removing low-performing routes, or applying AV technology to transit vehicles. Across the performance measures, the high-occupancy AV and enhanced transit scenarios provided an equity benefit, either mitigating an existing gap in outcomes between demographic groups or reducing the extent to which that gap was expanded.
Extrudable salicylic acid-based poly(anhydride-esters) for injectable drug releasing applications
Authors: Snyder Sabrina S , Cao Yue , Uhrich Kathryn E
Published: March 2019

Injectable biomaterials have attracted more and more interest owing to their advantages over traditional open surgeries: minimal invasive procedure and ease of handling. Commonly used synthetic injectable polymers exhibited low drug loading and poor biodegradability. In this work, we describe a novel series of degradable copolymers comprising salicylic acid–based poly(anhydride-esters) and poly(ethylene glycol) subunits suitable for injectable drug releasing applications. By tuning the rheology properties, these salicylic acid–based poly(anhydride-esters) and poly(ethylene glycol) copolymers may function as injectable drug delivery vehicles that deliver salicylic acid at the injury site. These copolymers were designed to have glass transition temperatures (Tg) below 0ºC, resulting in extrudable polymers that behave like viscous fluids at room temperature. Salicylic acid–based poly(anhydride-esters) and poly(ethylene glycol) copolymers of different ratios (2:1, 1:1, and 1:2 salicylic acid–based poly(anhydride-esters) and poly(ethylene glycol)) were synthesized and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopies. Their shear viscosities were determined both at room and physiological temperatures. The in vitro drug release profiles, cytotoxicity, and anti-inflammatory activities were assessed. The shear viscosities were found to compare favorably with current injectable barrier materials on the market.
Referendum as a Party Tool: The Case of Slovakia
Authors: Nemčok Miroslav , Spáč Peter
Published: March 2019

This article is part of the special cluster titled Political Parties and Direct Democracy in Eastern Europe, guest-edited by Sergiu Gherghina.

Referendums are widely regarded as a way of enhancing democracy as they provide a further arena for citizens to affect public policy outcomes. In this regard, Slovakia represents a deviant case that contradicts such an expectation. Since its emergence in 1993, the country implemented mechanisms of direct democracy into its political system. This article analyses referendums in Slovakia and it shows how political parties use the employment of this tool solely for their own purposes. Our study provides evidence that Slovak political parties use referendums either as a way to mobilize their own supporters for upcoming national elections or to harm their opponents. Hence, a referendum in Slovakia serves as a tool for expanding the power of political parties rather than as a way of increasing the public engagement of citizens in the democratic system.
Paradoxes in Healthcare Leadership: Being-Nonbeing
Authors: Clarke Pamela N. , Berkland Diana
Published: March 2019

The paradox of being-nonbeing is explored from the perspective of the Vice President of Nursing and Clinical Services for a large rural integrated healthcare system in the United States. Being-nonbeing for the nurse leader is experienced daily. Being-nonbeing is experienced with self and others as she provides vision, leadership, and courageous support to the workplace and care environment.
Introduction to Research Issues Column
Authors: Florczak Kristine L.
Published: March 2019

The following introduction discusses education related to evidence-based practice in nursing curricula.
Thoughts About the Language of Equity for Population Health
Authors: Fawcett Jacqueline
Published: March 2019

This is the first of two essays addressing equity and social justice, which are interrelated concepts of considerable interest to members of the discipline of nursing. The purpose of this essay is to define equity and related terms, including inequity, inequality, and disparities, within the context of the intersection of nursing and population health science. An essay about social justice will appear in a subsequent issue of Nursing Science Quarterly.
Nursing Role for Medication Stewardship Within Long-Term Care Facilities
Authors: Chaaban Taghrid , Ahouah Mathieu , Lombrail Pierre , Morvillers Jean-Manual , Rothan-Tondeur Monique , Carroll Karen
Published: March 2019

Elderly residents in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) constitute a population noted to have a large number of medications prescribed and administered. The aim of this article is to explore the nursing role for medication management, with an emphasis on antimicrobial stewardship, guided by disciplinary knowledge of King’s theory of goal attainment and skill-based medication knowledge. The outcome is a nursing workforce truly engaged in working with interdisciplinary colleagues and focusing on care planning that includes medication management to improve the health status of residents in long-term care facilities.
Intramedullary nailing biomechanics: Evolution and challenges
Authors: Rosa Natacha , Marta Miguel , Vaz Mário , Tavares Sergio M O , Simoes Ricardo , Magalhães Fernão D , Marques Antonio Torres
Published: March 2019

This article aims to review the biomechanical evolution of intramedullary nailing and describe the breakthrough concepts which allowed for nail improvement and its current success. The understanding of this field establishes an adequate background for forthcoming research and allows to infer on the path for future developments on intramedullary nailing. It was not until the 1940s, with the revolutionary Küntscher intramedullary nailing design, that this method was recognized as a widespread medical procedure. Such achievement was established based on the foundations created from intuition-based experiments and the first biomechanical ideologies. The nail evolved from allowing alignment and stability through press-fit fixation with nail-cortical wall friction to the nowadays nail stability achieved through interlocking screws mechanical linkage between nail and bone. Important landmarks during nail evolution comprise the introduction of flexible reaming, the progress from slotted to non-slotted nails design, the introduction of nail ‘dynamization’ and the use of titanium alloys as a new nail material. Current biomechanical improvement efforts aim to enhance the bone–intramedullary nail system stability. We suggested that benefit would be attained from a better understanding of the ideal mechano-biological environment at the fracture site, and future improvements will emerge from combining mechanics and biological tools.
Effect of gender on the biodynamic responses to vibration induced by a whole-body vibration training machine
Authors: Nawayseh Naser , Sinan Hawra Al , Alteneiji Shamma , Hamdan Sadeque
Published: March 2019

Whole-body vibration training machines are used by both male and female users. However, studies investigating the biodynamic responses to vibration during training have used either mixed-gender subjects or male subjects. No study has investigated the effect of gender on the biodynamic responses under vibration training conditions. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of gender on the apparent mass and the vibration of the head of standing people during exposure to vibration. A total of 40 subjects (20 females and 20 males) were exposed to vertical vibration at six frequencies in the range 20–45 Hz and vibration acceleration in the range 10.8–20.9 m/s2 (peak). The subjects stood on a force platform mounted on the vibrating plate of the machine adopting an upright standing posture with their knees unlocked and their arms straight along their bodies. The vertical acceleration and force at the interface between the vibrating plate and the feet were measured and used to calculate the apparent mass. The accelerations of the head in the x-, y- and z-directions were also measured and used to calculate the transmissibility to the head. The apparent mass of males was found higher than that of females. The transmissibility to the head in all directions was found higher in females than males. The differences in the biodynamic responses between males and females were attributed to the differences in body properties and structure of the two genders. The results of this study imply the need for gender-specific vibration training programmes.
On the validity of plane state assumptions in the bending of bimorph piezoelectric cantilevers
Authors: Curatolo Michele , La Rosa Mario , Prestininzi Pietro
Published: March 2019

We assess the accuracy of plane state assumptions in modeling the bending of bimorph piezoelectric cantilevers. Reference solutions are obtained by means of fully three-dimensional simulations. We solve a model, compliant with the standard theoretical background, able to deal with large deflections, and aimed at estimating the electrical energy harvesting potential. We show that the two assumptions of plane stress and plane strain yield very different results in terms of strain and therefore lead to substantially different estimates of electrical power. The plane stress state is the best approximation of narrow cantilevers, while the plane strain is suited for wide ones. The validity ranges are defined for each of the two, in terms of the generated electrical power. More specifically, the plane stress assumption better approximates the reference solution in the range [Formula: see text]. By contrast, the plane strain condition yields results closer to three-dimensional solution for ratios [Formula: see text] with W the width and H the total thickness of the solid. Other aspects are affected by the modeling approach, such as the estimation of maximum deformation and, to a minor extent, of resonance frequencies.
Three-dimensional printed embedded channel–based resistive strain sensor: Fabrication and experimental characterization
Authors: Smith Austin , Mofidian SM Mahdi , Bardaweel Hamzeh
Published: March 2019

This work explores the feasibility of commercially available elastic filament and desktop fused deposition modeling three-dimensional printing as a simple and cost-effective route to develop flexible sensors. The fabricated sensor consists of a three-dimensional printed flexible substrate with embedded U-shaped channels that are filled with Galinstan (Ga 68.5% In 21.5% Sn 10%) liquid metal conductor. When the sensor is strained, the cross-sectional area of the channels decreases causing a reduction in the conducting area and, therefore, a change in resistance. First, sensors measuring approximately 2100 μm by 200 μm are fabricated. Results demonstrate gauge factors of approximately 2.1 at 38.8% strain with high linearity and little hysteresis. In addition, smaller strain sensors, measuring approximately 696 µm by 203 µm, are fabricated with gauge factors of nearly 1.0 at 13.2% strain. Results show that substrate relaxation plays an essential role in determining the functionality of these sensors. The Mullins effect largely influences the recovery properties of the rubber-like sensor substrate. This leads to a noticeable relaxation in the substrate during cyclic loading. The results demonstrate the potential of commercially available fused deposition modeling three-dimensional printing technology and filaments to produce complex designs and sensor platforms.
Exploring Association Between Individuals’ Stature and Type 2 Diabetes Status: Propensity Score Analysis
Authors: Talukder Ashis , Akter Najiba , Sazzad Mallick Taslim
Published: March 2019

In this article, relationship between respondents’ height and occurrence of diabetes has been investigated. This study uses Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2011 data collected from an observational study. Considering height (tall/normal/short) based on percentiles separately for men and women, logistic regression model was fitted to the propensity score (PS)-adjusted weighted data. No significant relationship between respondents’ height and diabetes was observed. We also found that the occurrence of diabetes significantly varies with respect to sex, education level, wealth index, body mass index (BMI), and region/division. As, in general, women are shorter than men by nature, we strongly argue that height categories should be defined separately whenever estimation of the effect of height on some response is of interest.
The MusiQual treatment manual for music therapy in a palliative care inpatient setting
Authors: Kirkwood Jenny , Graham-Wisener Lisa , McConnell Tracey , Porter Sam , Reid Joanne , Craig Naomi , Dunlop Conall , Gordon Catherine , Thomas Daniel , Godsal Jo , Vorster Aisling
Published: March 2019

This article presents the treatment manual developed during the MusiQual feasibility study carried out in Belfast by Queen’s University Belfast, Every Day Harmony Music Therapy, and Marie Curie Northern Ireland. The MusiQual study considered the feasibility of a multicentre randomised trial to evaluate the effectiveness of music therapy in improving the quality of life of hospice inpatients (protocol: McConnell et al. results: Porter et al.). The procedures in the manual are based fully on those implemented by the Music Therapists during the feasibility study, and it also incorporates the theoretical model defined and published following the realist review of the literature (McConnell and Porter). The manual is presented in the format in which it would be used in the potential future phase III multicentre randomised control trial. It represents a flexible approach to provide enough scope for practicing therapists to adapt their interventions to individual clients as is best practice in music therapy. It aims to provide stable guidelines both to ensure treatment fidelity in a future trial of music therapy for palliative care inpatients and to act as a relevant guide for Music Therapists practicing in this field.
Coronary–Pulmonary Artery Fistula Ligation and Mitral Valve Repair Through a Mini-Thoracotomy Approach
Authors: Kitahara Hiroto , Tanaka Chiharu , Nakanishi Sentaro , Wakabayashi Naohiro , Ishikawa Natsuya , Kamiya Hiroyuki
Published: March 2019

A 39-year-old man with severe mitral regurgitation was referred to our institution for surgical evaluation. During preoperative workup, a coronary–pulmonary artery fistula was incidentally found by computed tomography. After multidisciplinary cardiac team discussion, the decision was made to proceed with coronary–pulmonary artery fistula ligation and mitral valve repair through a mini-thoracotomy approach. Cardiopulmonary bypass was initiated with femoral vessels. A mini-thoracotomy was made in the fourth intercostal space. First, mitral valve repair with posterior leaflet folding and ring annuloplasty was done. The coronary–pulmonary artery fistula was running on the roof of the left atrium and was ligated with metal clips under thoracoscopic vision. Postoperative computed tomography showed no residual fistula.
Bearings fault diagnosis based on adaptive local iterative filtering–multiscale permutation entropy and multinomial logistic model with group-lasso
Authors: Zhang Jinbao , Zhao Yongqiang , Liu Ming , Kong Lingxian
Published: March 2019

Bearing fault diagnosis attracts great attention because the bearing condition has direct effects on productivity and safety in industry. To accurately identify the operating condition of bearings, a novel bearing fault diagnosis method based on adaptive local iterative filtering–multiscale permutation entropy and multinomial logistic model with group-lasso is first put forward in this article. In the proposed method, adaptive local iterative filtering was applied to decompose the nonlinear and non-stationary vibration signals into intrinsic mode functions. The multiscale permutation entropy values of the first several intrinsic mode functions were calculated to characterize the complexity of intrinsic mode functions in different scales, and they constructed feature vectors after normalization. Multinomial logistic model with group-lasso could perform multiple classifications with an embedded approach for feature selection, which is distinct from the traditional methods with two steps of dimensionality reduction and classification. Finally, the proposed method was verified with experiment data from Case Western Reserve University considering four conditions: different fault types, different damages, multiple types, and different loads. The results indicate that the proposed method is effective in identifying different categories of rolling bearings.
Exploring the value of social network ‘care maps’ in the provision of long-term conditions care
Authors: Young Jessica , Poole Ursula , Mohamed Fardowsa , Jian Shona , Williamson Martyn , Ross Jim , Jaye Chrystal , Radue Peter , Egan Tony
Published: March 2019

Objectives

There is renewed attention to the role of social networks as part of person-centred long-term conditions care. We sought to explore the benefits of ‘care maps’ – a patient-identified social network map of their care community – for health professionals in providing person-centred care.

Methods

We piloted care maps with 39 patients with long-term conditions in three urban and one rural general practice and two hospital wards. We interviewed the health professionals (n = 39) of these patients about what value, if any, care maps added to patient care. We analysed health professional interview data using thematic analysis to identify common themes.

Results

Health professionals all said they learned about their patients as a person-in-context. There was an increased understanding of patients’ support networks, synthesising what is known and unknown. Health professionals understood patients’ perceptions of health professionals and what really mattered to patients. There was discussion about the therapeutic value of care maps. The maps prompted reflection on practice.

Discussion

Care maps facilitated a broader focus than the clinical presentation. Using care maps may enable health professionals to support self-management rather than feeling responsible for many aspects of care. Care maps had ‘social function’ for health professionals. They may be a valuable tool for patients and clinicians to bridge the gap between medical treatment and patients’ lifeworlds.
Early surgical intervention may facilitate recovery of cervical spinal cord injury in DISH
Authors: Tsuji Osahiko , Suda Kota , Takahata Masahiko , Matsumoto-Harmon Satoko , Komatsu Miki , Menjo Yusuke , Watanabe Kota , Ishii Ken , Nakamura Masaya , Matsumoto Morio , Minami Akio , Iwasaki Norimasa
Published: March 2019

Study design:

A retrospective study of consecutive surgically managed cases of cervical spinal fractures and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) at our hospital from October 2006 to April 2016.

Summary of background data:

Prognostic factors have not been determined for cervical fractures in DISH.

Objectives:

To assess demographics, surgical techniques, and complications in cervical spinal cord injury with DISH and to evaluate factors affecting neurological prognosis.

Methods:

Patients’ medical records and radiographs were reviewed and analyzed for demographics, injury characteristics, surgical outcomes, perioperative complications, additional surgeries, and neurological prognosis. Neurological status was assessed by the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grade at admission and discharge.

Results:

Of 38 patients (mean age 71.9 ± 8.8), 20 had type 1 fractures (through the disc space), 8 had type 2 (through the vertebral body), and 10 had type 3 (through disc and vertebral body). ASIA grades at admission included 14 ASIA-A, 4 ASIA-B, 7 ASIA-C, 8 ASIA-D, and 5 ASIA-E. All patients underwent posterior fusion with an average of 4.5 ± 2.5 instrumented vertebrae (range, 2–7) and six patients required secondary halo-vest fixation. Of 14 ASIA-A patients, 12 developed serious postsurgical pulmonary complications and 4 of these died within 6 months of surgery. Of the 38 patients, 13 improved more than one grade after treatment, 24 did not improve, and 1 deteriorated. In the 18 ASIA-A/B cases (complete motor paralysis), neither fracture type nor injury mechanism (e.g. a ground-level fall or high-energy trauma) correlated with neurological prognosis, but a time of 8 h or less from injury to surgery correlated significantly with an improvement from ASIA A/B to C/D ( p  <  0.01, Pearson’s χ2 test).

Conclusion:

Patients with complete motor paralysis after a cervical fracture with DISH may recover to partial paralysis if surgically treated within 8 h of injury.
Is minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis superior to open plating for fixation of two-part fracture of the proximal humerus?
Authors: Kim Young-Gun , Park Kyeong-Hyeon , Kim Joon-Woo , Oh Jong-Keon , Yoon Jong-Pil , Kim Hee-June , Oh Chang-Wug
Published: March 2019

Purpose:

Displaced two-part fractures of the proximal humerus are generally treated with open plate (OP) fixation. Recently, minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) has been increasingly favored for fracture healing and functional recovery. We aimed to compare OP and MIPO for two-part fractures of the proximal humerus to identify outcome differences.

Methods:

All patients who underwent OP or MIPO for a displaced two-part fracture of the proximal humerus at a single level I trauma center between 2007 and 2013 were retrospectively evaluated. Of the patients, 17 were treated using the OP method through the delto-pectoral approach and 19 with MIPO through deltoid splitting. Radiographic results were evaluated to determine the union rate, time to union, and alignment. Functional outcomes were measured with Constant and UCLA scores. Radiation exposure and operative time were also evaluated.

Results:

All patients achieved bone union without complication. In the OP and MIPO groups, no significant difference was observed in the neck shaft angles, constant scores, or UCLA scores. The OP group required less radiation exposure time than the MIPO group ( p < 0.001). However, the OP group showed more operation time than the MIPO group ( p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Both techniques showed satisfactory radiographic and functional outcomes in two-part fractures of the proximal humerus. Although MIPO technique offers advantages, including minimal soft tissue damage and short operation time, surgeons and patients should be warned of the invisible risk from the radiation hazard.
Civic-Mindedness Sustains Empathy in a Cohort of Physical Therapy Students: A Pilot Cohort Study
Authors: Palombaro Kerstin M , Black Jill D , Dole Robin L , Jones Sidney A , Stewart Alexander R
Published: March 2019

Background:

Empathy is critical to patient-centered care and thus is a valued trait in graduate health-care students. The relationship between empathy and civic-mindedness in health professions has not previously been explored.

Objectives:

(a) To determine whether significant differences occurred on the Jefferson Scale for Empathy–Health Professions Student Version (JSE-HPS) and Civic-Minded Professional scale (CMP) and its subscales across the curriculum, (b) to explore a potential relationship between civic-mindedness and empathy in a cohort of graduate physical therapy (PT) students at regular intervals, and (c) to explore the predictive ability of civic-mindedness on empathy scores.

Methods:

This study was a convenience sample of a cohort of 48 PT students who completed both the JSE-HPS and the CMP at 4 points of a service-learning intensive curriculum. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, a Friedman’s analysis of variance with Wilcoxon signed-ranks post hoc testing, and Spearman correlations with stepwise linear regressions.

Results:

Statistically significant differences were not found for the JSE-HPS. Civic-Minded Professional scores increased across the curriculum. The JSE-HPS, the CMP, and various CMP subscales were significantly correlated. The JSE-HPS pretest scores were predictive of the year 1 and 2 posttest JSE-HPS scores.

Conclusion:

This study’s findings indicate that service-learning and the resulting development of civic-mindedness supports empathy. Programs could use JSE-HPS pretests to identify individual graduate students need for empathy mentorship upon program entrance or as one admission criterion.
Crude and standardized prevalences of cataract and related factors in the elderly people in Northern Iran
Authors: Torabi Ali Asghar , Afshari Mahdi , Esmaeili Ravanbakhsh , Moosazadeh Mahmood
Published: March 2019

Purpose:

This study aims to estimate the crude and standardized prevalences of cataract and its related factors among old people in northern parts of Iran.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was carried out among 397 people aged 60 and older in northern Iran. Required information about treated and nontreated cataract was collected using a standard checklist. The World Standard Population was applied for direct standardization.

Results:

The standardized prevalence (95% confidence interval) of cataract among men, women, and all people were 27.5% (21.2–33.8), 30.9% (24.5–37.4), and 29.1% (24.6–33.6), respectively. Based on multivariate logistic regression models, age over 75 years (OR = 3.03, 95% CI: 1.21–7.59), living alone (OR = 4.89, 95% CI: 1.86‒12.86), diabetes mellitus (odds ratio = 19.10, 95% confidence interval: 8.13–44.89), rheumatoid arthritis (OR = 7.76, 95% CI: 2.32–25.99), history of infectious diseases (OR = 4.02, 95% CI: 1.35‒11.98), hypertension (OR = 3.19, 95% CI: 1.59–6.42), history of ophthalmic surgery (OR = 2.83, 95% CI: 1.29–6.16), history of sedative drug use (OR = 2.71, 95% CI: 1.35–5.47), history of vitamin supplementation use (OR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.08–0.55), and familial history of cataract (OR = 2.81, 95% confidence interval: 1.38–5.72) increased the odds of cataract. Our multiple logistic regression model explained 53% of the variation in developing cataract.

Conclusion:

Our study showed that the prevalence of cataract in the study population was relatively high. We also found that aging, living alone, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, hypertension, infectious diseases, ophthalmic surgery, sedative drugs and familial history of cataract were the risk factors of cataract and vitamin supplementations were its protective factors.