bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determining the dependence of step periods on the speed of an individual over 15 years old
Authors: Kosukhina Oksana I. , Fomina Elena E. , Leonov Sergei V.
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: Issues of identity identification are relevant among the tasks solved when using these video surveillance and recording cameras. If it is impossible to carry out the identification by face, the identification by gait becomes relevant.
AIM: To define the step cycle as one of the gait personality identification parameters
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study design: a single- and single-point (per population) observational study, with results registered in the Database of Step Cycle Characteristics (certificate of state registration no. 2022623085). The primary end-point of the study was the determination of the dependence of step periods on the movement speed of individuals, the assessment was carried out by a nonparametric criterion for Spearman correlation.
RESULTS: Comparative analysis of the obtained data revealed a decreasing pattern in all step periods separately (period of the first and second double supports and period of the first and second transfers) with an increase in the movement speed of the individual.
CONCLUSION: The obtained data make it possible to identify the possibility of using the step-cycle characteristics to identify individuals by gait when walking at different speeds. This stage can serve to further develop an algorithm for identifying a person by gait, as one of the parameters.
Vaginal microbiota stability as a marker of successful outcomes of pregnancy
Authors: Beliaeva Natalia R. , Budilovskaya Olga V. , Savicheva Alevtina M. , Tapilskaya Natalia I. , Kogan Igor Yu.
Published: September 2023

Overcoming the problem of miscarriage still remains relevant today. Its' significant contribution to the structure of premature birth is due to the invasion of conditionally pathogenic microflora from the lower parts of the genital tract into the amniotic cavity. It can thus trigger an inflammatory reaction, causing early termination of pregnancy. The microbiota of the genital tract is characterized by the least diversity and high stability over time compared to any other location of the body. The dominance of certain types of lactobacilli in the vaginal biotope may be a marker of well-being, or a harbinger of termination of pregnancy. The aim of this review article is to summarize the current understanding of the vaginal microbiota during pregnancy in order to determine the relationship between its composition and stability throughout pregnancy, as well as the risk of early termination of pregnancy.
Clinical and immunological criteria for the use of intravenous immunoglobulins in women with reproductive failures
Authors: Agnaeva Alana O. , Bespalova Olesya N. , Sokolov Dmitry I. , Mikhailova Valentina A. , Chepanov Sergey V. , Selkov Sergey A. , Kogan Igor Yu.
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:In obstetrics and reproductive medicine, the use of intravenous immunoglobulin remains controversial. There are no clearly developed indications for immunoglobulins therapy. The search for immunological criteria for prescribing this therapy is an urgent task
AIM:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of intravenous immunoglobulins in the complex therapy of women with multiple reproductive losses associated with changes in the quantitative and functional parameters of natural killer cells.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:Group 1 consisted of 61 women with recurrent miscarriage; group 2 involved 40 women with two or morein vitrofertilization failures, while group 3 comprised 27 healthy fertile individuals. The activity of blood natural killer cells was assessed by CD107a expression before and after activation. Patients with altered natural killer cell activity received intravenous immunoglobulins therapy under the control of the dynamics of immunological parameters.
RESULTS:The number of natural killer cells that expressed CD107a before and after activation differed between the study groups. In patients receiving intravenous immunoglobulins, gestational complications were observed less frequently, with the incidence of biochemical pregnancy being higher.
CONCLUSIONS:In patients with early reproductive failures (such as recurrent miscarriage andin vitrofertilization failures) and immunological abnormalities in the form of altered Natural killer cell activity, the use of intravenous immunoglobulins has an immunomodulatory and clinical effect.
Ovarian cysts in the fetus: diagnosis, observation and options for intrauterine correction
Authors: Ryabokon Nikita R. , Ovsyannikov Philipp A. , Sukhotskaya Anna A. , Malysheva Darya A. , Bairov Vladimir G. , Semibratova Ekaterina V. , Zazerskaya Irina E.
Published: September 2023

This article describes a clinical case of managing pregnant women with ovarian cysts in the fetus and further monitoring and treatment of the child. Ovarian cysts are the most common abdominal abnormalities diagnosed in female fetuses. We herein discuss the tactics in relation to the female fetus, intrauterine risks and prognosis of her survival in this pathology, as well as the possibility of choosing a method for correcting ovarian cysts in the fetus and their complications during pregnancy and after childbirth. In the case of complex and / or large ovarian cysts, timely prenatal diagnosis is extremely important, which significantly improves the prognosis and allows prenatal measures aimed at stabilizing the condition of the fetus and the pregnant woman. On the example of this clinical case, we assessed the possibility of preserving the unchanged ovarian tissue and reducing the risks of life-threatening complications in the case of a significant amount of cystic formation. This article describes in detail the stages of the management of pregnancy, childbirth and the neonatal period, as well as the therapeutic and surgical correction of this severe pathology with further early rehabilitation.
The role of polymorphic variants of the kisspeptin gene in the pathogenesis of ovarian insufficiency in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, genital endometriosis and combination of these diseases
Authors: Misharina Elena V. , Osinovskaya Natalia S. , Yarmolinskaya Maria I.
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:Type 1 diabetes mellitus and genital endometriosis have a negative impact on female reproductive system. There is an opinion that kisspeptin plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ovarian insufficiency in patients with diabetes and endometriosis.
AIM:The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the kisspeptin gene (KISS1) polymorphism in the pathogenesis of ovarian insufficiency in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, genital endometriosis and in women with combination of these diseases.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:The allele and genotype frequencies of the polymorphic variants rs5780218 (c.145delT) and rs3924587 (c.89GA) of theKISS1gene were evaluated in 258 women using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. This study included 73 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, 83 patients with genital endometriosis, 35 patients with combination of type 1 diabetes mellitus and genital endometriosis, and 67 control subjects. The control group is represented by women of the population.
RESULTS:The analysis of theKISS1gene showed that incidence rates of type 1 diabetes mellitus, genital endometriosis and combination of these diseases do not differ in the presence of the ins/del, del/del, and ins/ins (rs5780218) genotypes. Thus, the del allele and the ins/del and del/del genotypes are not associated with an increased risk of these diseases. It was found that in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, the frequency of normogonadotropic ovarian insufficiency was higher (odds ratio 15.955; 95% confidence interval4,4757,0;p 0.05) in the presence of the G/A genotype according to the polymorphic variant rs3924587 compared to the G/G genotype.
CONCLUSIONS:The data obtained allow for explaining the high incidence of ovarian insufficiency in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus. In patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus with the G/A genotype who are planning pregnancy, even in case of regular menstrual cycle, it is advisable to perform hormone blood tests in dynamics for timely diagnosis of ovarian insufficiency and prescription of hormonal therapy.
EVALUATION OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION
Authors:   West Bohemia University in Pilsen, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, PERGNER PETR , HOREJC JAN ,   Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Business Management and Economics
Published: October 2023

The use of knowledge management tools is growing. With each implementation, the effectiveness of the implementation also needs to be evaluated. This article presents a method for evaluating this efficiency, an outline of its creation and an example of its use in an industrial enterprise.
The Role of Social Media in Promoting Organizational Brand: A Case of Telecommunication Organizations in Tanzania
Authors: MNAKATU Faridi Abdallah , GENÇ Çağlar
Published: September 2023

This study was conducted with the aim of exploring the role of social media in promoting organizational brand. The study had three objectives. The first objective is to determine the ways that telecommunication organizations in Tanzania use to promote organizational brands on Facebook. The second one is to find out the customers’ perspective on the impacts of the telecommunication organizations’ activities on Facebook. The last one is to unveil challenges that telecommunication organizations face in promoting the organizational brand on Facebook. The study used mixed methods research design. The content analysis was used to gather data from the Facebook pages of the four telecommunication organizations of Tanzania. The interviews and online questionnaire survey (OQS) incorporated participants who liked the Facebook pages of the four telecommunication organizations. Interviews were conducted to 16 participants while OQS was used to collect data from 100 respondents through Google Forms. The study was conducted under two theories; Theoretical Model of Corporate Branding in Social Media (TMCBSM) in industrial marketing and Cognitive Dissonance Theory. The study adopted the TMCBSM model for analyzing the Facebook posts of the telecommunication organizations while Cognitive Dissonance Theory was applied in measuring and revealing of the understanding of the OQS and interview participants on the organizational brands. Social media was found to play significant role in promoting organizational brand of the telecommunication organizations through creating organizational brand recognition and awareness to stakeholders. The study found that social media generate engagement and interactivity that build relationships between organizational brand and their stakeholders and create experiences for stakeholders which build organizational brands.
Göç ve Sosyal Kaynaşma: Türkiye’ye Göç Eden Ahıska Türkleri Üzerinde Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli ile Bir Alan Çalışması
Authors: KAYA Burcu , KELEŞ Şerafettin
Published: September 2023

Sosyal kaynaşma, bir yerleşimde birlikte yaşayan toplulukları ortak değerler çerçevesinde yapılandırmayı, servet ve gelirdeki eşitsizlikleri azaltmayı ve genel olarak insanların ortak bir girişimde bulunma, ortak zorluklarla mücadele etme ve içinde yer aldıkları topluluğun bir parçası oldukları hissine sahip olma davranış ve duygularını ifade eder. Ülkelerin sosyal barış ve refahı için sosyal kaynaşma önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışma, göçmenlerin ve dezavantajlı grupların yoğun olarak bulunduğu Türkiye’de sosyal kaynaşma sorununa bilimsel bir çözüm önerisi geliştirmeyi amaç edinmiştir. Çalışmada, göçmen bireylerin sosyal kaynaşma düzeyleri ve sosyal kaynaşmada sosyal sermaye, pozitif psikolojik sermaye, sosyal umut ve ekonomik beklenti arasındaki ilişki hipotetik bir model oluşturularak analiz edilmiştir. Ampirik analizlerde Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli metodu kullanılmıştır. Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli sonucu: Sosyal Kaynaşma ile Pozitif Psikolojik Sermaye, Ekonomik Beklenti, Umut ve Sosyal Sermaye arasında çok yüksek oranda pozitif yönlü ilişki bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada, Ukrayna’dan Türkiye’ye zorunlu göç eden Ahıska Türklerinin bölge halkıyla yüksek düzeyde kaynaşma içerisinde olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışma, Üzümlü İlçesi’ne yerleşmiş Ahıska Türküyle yürütülmüştür ve sosyal kaynaşma kapsamında, bölgesel veya ulusal düzeyde araştırmalar için bir perspektif sunmaktadır.
Prognostic value of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase-1 expression in glial tumors
Authors: Kaya Munir , Aksoy Asude , Artas Gokhan , Kaplan Metin
Published: October 2023

Background and purpose – Gliomas are the most common primary malignant central nervous system tumors in adults, exhibiting a poor prognosis. Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO-1) has important functions in cancer immunotherapy due to its role in escaping cancer cells from the immune system. In this study we purposed to evaluate the correlation between IDO1 expression and clinicopathological parameters in gliomas, and whether IDO-1 can be a prognostic marker. Methods – n=75 patients in total, n=25 patients with low grade glial tumors (LGG, grade 1-2), n=25 patients with high grade glial tumors (HGG, grade 3-4), and n=25 persons with normal brain tissue as control group were included in this study. IDO1 expression was categorized by using immunohistochemical staining in biopsy specimens as high (H) and low (L) groups among the patients with gliomas. We used a 95% percent confidence interval and p <0.05 to analyze the association between the degree of IDO-1 expression, clinicopathological characteristics, and survival rates in glioma patients. Results – In HGG, IDO-1 levels were higher than in control brain tissue and LGG (p< 0.001). The mean overall survival (OS) was longer in the L-IDO-1 group (64.53 ± 3.34) in months (95% CI: 57.969-71.098) compared to the H-IDO-1 group (43.74 ± 4.36) in months, (95% CI: 35.218-52.330) (p< 0.05). Conclusion – IDO-1 expression is an independent prognostic biomarker to predict OS and progression in HGG. IDO-1 can be evaluated as an alternative instrument for precision medicine in the treatment of gliomas.
Hacia un modelo común de arbitraje en deportes electrónicos
Authors: Liebana Ortiz Juan Ramón
Published: September 2023

Las competiciones de videojuegos, los deportes electrónicos, se han consolidado como una industria del entretenimiento global en la que se generan múltiples conflictos jurídicos. En este artículo se explica la problemática jurídica de los deportes electrónicos y, tras analizar su complicado marco institucional actual, se analizan las diversas vías jurídicas existentes para la resolución de los conflictos en materia de deportes electrónicos. Finaliza con una serie de propuestas para que el Comité Olímpico Internacional integre a los deportes electrónicos dentro del Movimiento Olímpico.
Profile of patients with HPV infection at the regional hospital of Saint-Louis, Senegal
Authors: Thiam Ousmane , W. Djibryl Bahaid S. O.
Published: September 2023

Background: Objectives of current study was to define the sociodemographic characteristics of patients, to determine the frequency of HPV infection at the CHRSL and to describe factors associated with HPV infection.
Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted in the gynecology-obstetrics department of the Saint Louis Regional Hospital Center from November 11, 2019 to November 11, 2021, a period of 24 months. We studied sociodemographic, clinical and test results characteristics. Samples were taken from patients in the gynaecological position using a dedicated kit (cytobrush and tube). Viral research was carried out using the Atila Biosystems device for amplification and detection of viral DNA. This test genotypes HPV 16, 18 and 45, and detects 12 other HR HPVs (31, 33, 35, 39, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66 and 68) simultaneously using three probes labelled with different fluorophores. Analysis was performed using Epi-Info software and Excel 2010.
Results: The study population comprised 128 patients. The mean age of the patients was 41.95 years, with extremes of 23 and 70 years. They were married (92.97%) and housewives (46.88%). Almost all patients (77.34%) were genitally active. The average age at marriage was 21.78 years, and polygamous households predominated (53.91%). The average age at first intercourse was 20.05 years. The average age at first pregnancy was 21.78. Over (57.81%) of patients had at least two partners. Incense was used in 97.66% of cases. The viral HPV test was positive in (38.28%) of patients. High-risk papillomaviruses were the most common, at 63.27%. Colposcopy was performed in 17.19%; normal and satisfactory in (63.64%) of patients, with 22.27% of cervical biopsies, and histology showed one CIN2 and two CIN3. Therapeutically, one thermoablation and two hysterectomies were performed.
Conclusions: HPV viral typing in primary screening for cervical cancer offers opportunities and remains realistic and feasible in less developed countries such as Senegal, despite modest resources.
HELLP syndrome, associated with eclampsia, preeclampsia, in one hundred cases, the complications, maternal morbidity and mortality: the near miss and missed obstetric scenarios
Authors: Devabhaktuni Pratibha , Ponnuru Malathi , Vangala Lahari R.
Published: September 2023

Background: The investigations done, complications observed, mode of delivery, management of complications, the perinatal outcome, the maternal mortality, the lessons learnt have been outlined. The referral to higher tertiary care Institutes has been analysed. The goals of management were, control of hypertension, prevention of convulsions, assessment of the severity of HELLP syndrome, identification of associated complications and chances of fetal salvage, a decision to be made regarding the mode of delivery, keeping the blood products ready, anaesthetist and paediatrician to be informed, consultation of nephrologist, cardiologist, neurophysician, ophthalmologist, gastroenterologist, surgeon as required in the particular case and continued vigilance in the postpartum period.
Methods: This is a prospective observational study of one hundred cases of HELLP syndrome managed at two tertiary care Institutes. Twenty-five cases, managed at CARE Institute of Medical sciences, during the years 2011 to 2013 and 75 cases from the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Modern Government Maternity Hospital, MGMH, Osmania Medical College, OMC, between 2021 to 2023, were included in the study.
Results: Labour was induced, in 47.29%, vaginal delivery in 28 cases, 37.83% and lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) was needed in 46, 62.16% in the study. A total of 90.66% of HELLP have occurred in the third trimester of pregnancy. Eclampsia was associated with HELLP syndrome in 39/100=39%. The remaining 61 cases had preeclampsia associated HELLP syndrome. PRAKI in 31/100=31%, DIC in 19%, PRES in 7/100, PPCM 2%, PPH in 18=24%, maternal mortality in 17/100=17%.
Conclusions: Delivery by 37 weeks would have clearly prevented 36% of cases. Delivery by 35 weeks would have prevented 61% of cases of HELLP syndrome.
Fetal outcome in women with borderline amniotic fluid index at pregnancy 36 weeks and beyond
Authors: Sweta  , Mendiratta Suman Lata
Published: September 2023

Background: Aim of the study were to evaluate the fetal outcome associated with borderline amniotic fluid index (AFI) at pregnancy 36 weeks and beyond and to study the mode of delivery among these patients.
Methods: A 60 pregnant subjects who were at 36-42 weeks period of gestation and ultrasonically diagnosed to have AFI less than or equal to 8 cm were included in the study and were compared to 50 pregnant patients with normal amniotic fluid. They were monitored throughout labour and fetal outcome was studied.
Results: Fetal distress was observed in 60.4% cases leading to immediate termination of pregnancy. Incidence of meconium stained liquor was found significantly high (75%). Neonatal morbidity was found to be significantly high. Low birth weight (31.6%), Apgar score less than 7 at 5 minutes (20%), NICU admission (71.6%), meconium stained liquor (23.3%) were observed.
Conclusions: That there is a high risk of adverse perinatal outcome in cases of Borderline AFI at pregnancy 36 weeks and beyond. Providing intensive intrapartum monitoring and good NICU facilities for such cases is necessary to optimise the fetal outcome.
Impact of interpregnancy interval on maternal and perinatal outcomes
Authors: Jani Heta T. , Sud Shalini , Jeyaseelan Shanti
Published: September 2023

Background: Inter-pregnancy interval (IPI) refers to the duration between the birth of one baby and the conception of the next pregnancy. In developing countries, a short inter-pregnancy interval (SIPI) poses a significant challenge, leading to higher risks of maternal and neonatal mortality. Aim was to determine the impact of SIPI on maternal and perinatal outcomes.
Methods: This prospective observational comparative study was carried out from October 2020 to May 2022. Non-probability convenient sampling was used, and the minimum sample size was calculated to be 140. Primigravida, multiple gestations, molar pregnancies, and those with major complications were excluded. The study compared two groups: cases (70 women with IPI ≤18 months) and controls (70 women with IPI between ≥19 months to ≤59 months). A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Higher proportion of younger mothers had lower IPI as compared to those who were older. Higher proportion of mothers with short IPI had anaemia (p value- 0.017) while lower proportion had pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) (p value- 0.001).  On logistic regression analysis, patients with SIPI had lesser risk of PIH (p value- 0.036, OR: 0.266), higher risk of obstetric cholestasis (p value- 0.006, OR: 4.186) and higher risk of scar dehiscence/tenderness (p value- 0.003, OR: 10.666).
Conclusions: Mothers with a short interpregnancy interval of 18 months or less experienced significant morbidity and adverse perinatal outcomes, such as scar dehiscence and obstetric cholestasis. However, the incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) was notably lower in this group.
Determinants of maternal near miss at tertiary care hospital: a retrospective study
Authors: Kumari Shweta , Prasad Rashmi , Dalmia Kanchan
Published: September 2023

Background: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is one of the complications of pregnancy that poses serious maternal, fetal, and neonatal health risks. The prevalence varies in different populations and countries and the etiology is multifactorial. The aim and objective of the study was to find out the association between various presumed etiologies and to establish their significance as risk factors for premature rupture of membranes.
Methods: A hospital based observational study carried out on 60 pregnant women attending emergency and OPD with complaints of leaking per vaginum. Detailed history was taken from all the patients followed by thorough examination. All the data was obtained and results analyzed and conclusions made.
Results: In the present study, out of the 60 women, 38 had PROM and among those, 73.1% belonged to lower socio-economic status, 71.1% were multigravida, the mean BMI was 19.12 kg/m2, mean hemoglobin was 9.98 g/dl, 30 had a history of vaginosis and 13 had a history of threatened abortion in this pregnancy.
Conclusions: The present study showed that lower socioeconomic status, multiparity, low BMI, anemia, history of vaginosis and threatened abortions are risk factors for premature rupture of membranes.
Analysis of ectopic pregnancy in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: N. Sunanda , M. Impana
Published: September 2023

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is a life threatening obstetrics emergency in early trimester associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality if not timely intervened. High index of clinical suspicion is required for early diagnosis specially in reproductive age group women presenting with history of amenorrhea. Aim was to analyse the incidence of ectopic pregnancy, its risk factors, clinical presentation and management of ectopic pregnancy.
Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on ectopic pregnancy cases admitted in a tertiary care institute over a period of 5 years from January 2018 to December 2022. A total of 221 cases of ectopic pregnancy were analysed for parameters like age, parity, gestational age, clinical presentation, risk factors, intervention and outcome.
Results: There were 221 ectopic pregnancy cases during the study period with incidence of 4.3/1000 deliveries. The mean age was 24 years with the mean gestational age of 6.83±1.25 weeks. The commonest risk factor identified was any previous pelvic surgeries (49.32%), PID (11.76%), history of abortion and use of IUCD (8.14%). The triad of ectopic pregnancy (pain abdomen, history of amenorrhoea, bleeding PV) was found in 35.29%. Ectopic pregnancy was ruptured in 148 cases (66.96%) and unruptured in 73 cases (33.03%). Majority of the ectopic pregnancy was tubal ectopic and most common site was Ampulla (47.06%) followed by isthmus (23.98%). 96% of the cases were managed by surgical intervention and two maternal deaths were found during the study period.
Conclusions: Proper evaluation of risk factors9and early diagnosis will help in preserving fertility and also reducing8morbidity and mortality. Majority of the cases were in ruptured condition, rendering8conservative management was impossible. Therefore awareness of its determinants can aid in8early detection of more number of such cases8in unruptured condition especially in8peripheral center, leading to early referral.
A study on assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of premenstrual syndrome among female in urban area
Authors: Sireesha V. , Fatima Faiqua , Sultana Shafeen , Kumar M. Shiva Sai , . Sumaya , Tadikonda Rama Rao
Published: September 2023

Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a significant clinical disorder affecting a substantial percentage of women. This study aims to investigate the existence, knowledge, and attitude of female students towards PMS.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted, with 250 female participants between the ages of 18 to 30 years. The participants completed a self-reporting menstrual distress questionnaire (MDQ) and a standardized health questionnaire to assess the prevalence and severity of premenstrual symptoms and also to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of PMS for subjective perceptions of health, stress, lifestyle, and demographic variables. The questionnaire was set in four parts, one each to assess the knowledge, the attitude, and practices regarding PMS and one to assess the gap between self-perceived PMS and actual PMS. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics.
Results: The results revealed that 80% of the participants reported experiencing PMS, but only 48% met the criteria defined by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). The most common symptoms reported were irritability, mood swings, headache, fatigue, and menstrual cramps. PMS had a significant impact on participants’ normal life, with 60.4% reporting disturbances in their routine. While 51.2% believed that PMS/menstrual leave should be an option at universities, only 39.2% supported the idea at the workplace.
Conclusions: Surprisingly, over 60% of participants did nothing to relieve their PMS symptoms. So, there is a significant impact of PMS in the lives of urban women and it is also a common problem all over the globe. The study underscores the need for increased awareness and education about PMS and its management, as well as the importance of promoting a stress-free environment to mitigate its impact on women’s quality of life.
A prospective, randomized, single blind study comparing polyglactin-910 fast suture and chromic catgut suture in episiotomy repair
Authors: Tanya  , N. K. Roopa , N. Rekha
Published: September 2023

Background: Episiotomy is a standard surgical procedure performed during childbirth to enlarge the vaginal opening and facilitate baby delivery. Effective suturing techniques promote optimal wound healing, minimize complications, and enhance postpartum recovery for women undergoing episiotomy repair. This study aims to compare the effect of two different suture materials- chromic catgut and fast absorbable polyglactin-910 in the repair of episiotomy and its complications.
Methods: A prospective, randomized, single blinded study was conducted at the department of obstetrics and gynecology, in a tertiary care hospital in India, between April 2021 and September 2022. Women aged 18-35 years with a singleton pregnancy undergoing vaginal delivery with episiotomy were included after giving informed written consent and fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria. Either chromic catgut (n=58) or polyglactin-910 fast (n=58) suture was used in episiotomy repair. The primary endpoint was to assess perineal pain following episiotomy repair using (VAS) visual analogue scale. The secondary endpoints were to assess wound healing using the REEDA scale, short term complications (hematoma, swelling, puerperal fever, dehiscence, wound healing and re-suturing), long term complications (feeling of slight stitches, dyspareunia and suture granuloma), intraoperative suture parameters, and any adverse events were noted.
Results: Perineal pain, analgesic requirement, a feeling of slight stitches, and swelling were significantly more in the chromic catgut suture group compared to the polyglactin-910 fast absorbable suture group.
Conclusions: The study concluded that polyglactin-910 fast absorbable suture is superior to chromic catgut suture and recommended its use over chromic catgut suture.
Laparoscopic resection and repair of caesarean scar pregnancy
Authors: Elsayed Mostafa A. , Elbohoty Shereen Barakat
Published: September 2023

The presented work is case series over 2 years of caesarean scar pregnancy over 2 years from January 2020 to January 2022 in Zinat Alhayat hospital of maternity in Benha city Egypt. Cases recruited from those attending  Zeinat Alhayat maternity hospital in Benha and all case proved to have caesarean scar pregnancy  by ultrasonography and quantitative HCG the total number of cases were 15 over a period of two years, most of patients complained about abnormal uterine bleeding in the first trimester with abnormal abdominal pain, all cases prepared for laparoscopy in Zinat Alyayat hospital in Benha and a written consent taken then with general anesthesia pelvis and abdomen explored by laparoscopy and  the site of the scar opened with a hook with the aid of a traumatic grasper and then sac evacuated and the old scar resected by laparoscopic scissor. Regarding epidemiological data of patients there were no statistically significant difference in age body weight age or the amount of pain by facial analogue scale of pain. All patients saved and laparoscopy done with an average time of 45 min with no operative or postoperative complications, only one of the cases with severe bleeding required blood transfusion of 2 units of blood because HB was 7.8 g/dl, so laparoscopic treatment of caesarean scar pregnancies is a good option for patients with short operative time and good outcomes without complications.
Management of non-tubal ectopic pregnancies: rural tertiary care centre experience
Authors: Dwivedi Namika , Mahajan Mamta , Gupta Amit , Vij Anju
Published: September 2023

Non-tubal ectopic pregnancies are rare but potentially life-threatening conditions. Nearly 95% of ectopic pregnancies are implanted in the various segments of fallopian tube. The remaining 5% implant in non-tubal sites like ovary, cervix, rudimentary horn, cesarean scar, abdominal and even heterotopic. Seven patients with non-tubal ectopic pregnancy at rural tertiary institute at Dr. RPGMC Tanda, from February 2020 to January 2021 were included in the study. Demographic details, symptoms, beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG) levels, ultrasound findings, management and treatment outcomes were presented. Medical treatment and surgical procedure, alone or combined, resulted in effective treatment in women with early diagnosis of non-tubal ectopic pregnancy and two patients had live birth (heterotopic and abdominal pregnancy). In our study, we report two cases of ovarian pregnancy, one case of rudimentary horn successfully managed surgically, one case of LSCS scar pregnancy managed medically with methotrexate followed by suction and evacuation, one case of cervical pregnancy managed by D&C, one case of heterotopic pregnancy managed surgically and abdominal pregnancy managed surgically. In this paper we report a single centre experience in the management of non-tubal ectopic pregnancy Early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy especially non tubal ectopic, requires a high index of suspicion and availability of point of care, transvaginal USG. Accurate diagnosis and timely intervention will help reduce maternal morbidity, mortality and preserve future fertility.
Vaginal birth after caesarean section in a woman with twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence
Authors: Mohamad Hawraa , Barakat Hassan , Hajjar Charlotte E. , Wehbe George , Ghazal Kariman
Published: September 2023

Twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence results from aberrant and asymmetrical twinning. It is a rare but serious complication of monozygotic twin pregnancies. It is characterized by a normally formed fetus that shows features of heart failure, and an acardiac twin. A 26-year-old pregnant woman, gravida 6, para 5, with mono-chorionic di-amniotic twin pregnancy at her 20th week of gestation, was diagnosed with TRAP sequence. Both the pump twin and the acardiac co-twin did not display any cardiac activity. Termination of pregnancy was accomplished by a successful vaginal birth after cesarean section (VBAC) following five prior cesarean sections. Proper and early diagnosis of TRAP sequence can aid in treatment selection and pump twin salvage. Induction of labor by both misoprostol and intracervical balloon catheter showed to be safe and effective in a woman with a uterine scar resulting from five prior cesarean sections.
Aesthetic subunit reconstruction of basal cell carcinoma face
Authors: Garg Paheli , Jain R. K. , Vashistha Aakansha , Khushalani Asha
Published: September 2023

Background: Arising from the basal cell layer of epidermis; BCC is one of the most common cutaneous malignancy encountered in elderly (77%) followed by SCC (20%) and malignant melanoma (3%).
Method: A prospective observational study was conducted at department of plastic and reconstructive surgery with 50 patients included for over a span of 2 years. Patients with biopsy confirmed BCC lesion over face were included and were grouped on the basis of subunit involved and type of flap done.
Results: The 50 patients were included which comprised of 16(32%) males and 34 (68%) females. Mean age was 61±10.2 years. Smallest defect size was of 1.5 cm2 whereas largest defect size was of 5 cm2. Cheek was the most common site of occurrence. Cheek advancement flap was the most commonly performed flap.
Conclusions: Reconstruction of facial subunit post BCC excision with local tissue has superior aesthetic outcome in terms of colour and texture than any other modality.
Clinical spectrum and hormonal profile of patients with non-inflammatory benign breast disorders: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chopra Asmita , Thomas Shaji , Sharma Kartikeya , Yadav Amita , Jain Manjula , Anand Rama
Published: September 2023

Background: Benign breast disorders (BBD) are one of the most common problems seen in women. Since development of the breast is under the influence of various hormones, this study was done to document the clinical spectrum of females with BBD, and to understand if any association exists between serum levels of various hormones and BBD.
Methods: This was a cross sectional study of 134 patients who presented to the surgical OPD with non-inflammatory BBD. These patients were evaluated for serum levels of 8 hormones-estrogen, progesterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH), prolactin, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), testosterone and prostate specific antigen (PSA). The levels of these hormones were correlated with the type of BBD.
Results: Breast pain was the most common presenting complaint (67.16%), followed by breast lump (51.49%). Most patients were diagnosed as proliferative BBD (50%) followed by mastalgia (32.8%) and non-proliferative BBD (17.2%), 36.57% patients had fibroadenoma. The 73.88% of patients showed abnormal serum levels of at least one of the hormones. Most common abnormalities were significantly detectable levels of serum PSA (51.4%), and decreased levels of serum testosterone (20.8%). Among the rest, TSH was raised in 9.7%, estrogen was raised in 9.7%, FSH was raised in 8.9%, prolactin was raised in 8.9%, LH was raised in 6.7% and progesterone was raised in 2.9%.
Conclusions: Our study suggests that abnormality in various hormones (seen in 73.88% of our patients) could be responsible for development of BBD.  The interplay of these hormones on aberrations in breast development and involution is unclear and warrants further studies on larger populations.
Comparison between different radiological scoring systems in predicting post-PCNL outcome
Authors: N. Shaheem , Venugopalan A. V.
Published: September 2023

Background: Various scoring systems, including Guy's stone score (GSS), S.T.O.N.E. score, and Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society (CROES) nomogram, have been assessed for predicting post-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) success in terms of stone-free status (SFS) and complications. Our study aims to determine the optimal predictor of SFS among these systems and assess their efficacy in predicting perioperative factors and complications, using modified Clavien grade.
Methods: This prospective hospital-based cohort study involved 107 patients aged ≥18 years who underwent standard PCNL (tract size >24 Fr) within a year. GSS, S.T.O.N.E. score, and CROES nomogram were calculated using preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans. Comparisons between 'stone-free' and 'residual-stone' groups were statistically analyzed.
Results: All parameters effectively predicted SFS. S.T.O.N.E. score exhibited excellent discriminatory power (AUC 0.844; 95% CI: 0.762-0.907), followed by GSS (AUC 0.756; 95% CI: 0.663-0.834) and CROES nomogram (AUC 0.749; 95% CI: 0.656-0.828). S.T.O.N.E. score, with an AUC of 0.844, proved the most accurate predictor at ≤7 cut-off. GUY's score correlated positively with operative time and hospital stay (correlation coefficient 0.403, 0.34). S.T.O.N.E. score also positively correlated with these factors (correlation coefficient 0.443, 0.37). CROES nomogram negatively correlated with operative time and hospital stay (correlation coefficient -0.374, -0.314).
Conclusions: All scoring systems effectively predict post-PCNL SFS, with S.T.O.N.E. score being the most predictive. GSS and S.T.O.N.E. score associate significantly with operative time and hospital stay. Both GSS and S.T.O.N.E. score show significant associations with perioperative complications assessed by modified Clavien grade.
A case presentation on rare case of retroperitoneal liposarcoma
Authors: Patel Soham H. , Patel Aakash N. , Malek Tanveer N. , Kuswaha Manoranjan R.
Published: September 2023

Retroperitoneal liposarcoma is a rare biologically heterogeneous tumor that present considerable challenges due to its size and deep location.as consequences, the majority of the patients with high grade rpls will develop locally recurrent disease following surgery, and this constitutes the cause of death in most patients. Symptoms are usually nonspecific and they do not appear until the tumor becomes very large. Early diagnosis is difficult as there is an absence of specific clinical presentations. A painless abdominal lump that enlarges in a long period of time in an adult is the most common history of patient. Metastasis at initial presentation is uncommon. Surgical exploration is needed for the final pathological diagnosis. Case presentation: we report a case of 56 year old male patient who underwent a complete surgical excision of pleomorphic retroperitoneal liposarcoma. Retroperitoneal liposarcomas are rare soft tissue sarcoma. They often cause minimal or no symptoms and can reach a significant size, growing undetected in retroperitoneal space before invading or compressing surrounding organs, eventually leading to clinical symptoms. Complete surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment. Whenever possible, macroscopically complete resection should be aimed at, often requiring en bloc removal of adjacent structures such as the abdominal wall, psoas, or paravertebral muscles.
Bibliografia na era digital: desafios para assegurar a democratização do acesso à informação
Authors: Dos Santos Marcelo
Published: September 2023

Introdução: A Bibliografia tem função de mediação, a qual é de extrema importância para assegurar acesso, apropriação e uso da informação. Contudo, mesmo nos dias atuais, marcados pelo intenso uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TICs), a democratização do acesso à informação ainda encontra barreiras em termos de acessibilidade (física e cognitiva) e usabilidade dos produtos ou sistemas de informação. Objetivos: Com atenção aos princípios da Bibliografia, pretendeu-se refletir sobre os desafios presentes no trabalho bibliográfico para promover a democratização do acesso à informação em ambientes digitais modernos. Metodologia: Trata-se de pesquisa de natureza exploratória, baseada em levantamentos bibliográficos, análise dos achados presentes nestes levantamentos e elaboração de uma breve sistematização. Resultados: Tomando como objeto empírico a inclusão social, vista como um passo em direção à concretização da justiça social, dois desafios se destacaram. O primeiro se relaciona com a compreensão da área e contornos do objeto empírico do trabalho bibliográfico. E o segundo consiste na identificação do potencial usuário, suas demandas informacionais e os contextos em que estas demandas surgem, de modo a prover acessibilidade e usabilidade, na tríade usuário conteúdo contexto, apoiando-se nas facilidades que o ambiente digital oferece. Conclusões: Os princípios da Bibliografia constituem pilares importantes, para a democratização do acesso à informação. Todavia, frente ao amplo uso das TICs, os mesmos princípios que orientam o trabalho bibliográfico precisam ser repensados, à luz dos potenciais usuários dos produtos e serviços de informação, suas necessidades e respectivos contextos de uso. Ao mesmo tempo, no âmbito das TICs, entende-se que tais produtos e serviços devem ser concebidos como parte de uma rede integrada a outros serviços/produtos de informação.
Assessment of the Regulatory and Institutional Framework for Agricultural Gene Editing via CRISPR-based Technologies in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Zarate Sebastian , Cimadori Ilaria , Roca Maria Mercedes , Jones Michael S. , Barnhill-Dilling Katie
Published: October 2023

Genome editing tools have promised tremendous opportunities in agriculture for breeding crops and livestock across the food supply chain. Potentially addressing issues associated with a growing global population, sustainability concerns, and possibly helping address the effects of climate change (Kuiken, Barrangou, and Grieger 2021). These promises come alongside environmental, cultural, and socio-economic risks. Including concerns that governance systems are not keeping pace with technological developments and are ill-equipped, or not well suited to evaluate risks new genome editing tools may introduce. Understanding these complex, dynamic interactions across the LAC region is important to inform appropriate and acceptable regional governance and investment strategies. The power and promise of gene editing, CRISPR specifically, were first realized with the discovery of CRISPR loci in the 1980s (Anzalone, Koblan, and Liu 2020). Since that time, CRISPR-Cas systems have been further developed enabling genome editing in virtually all organisms across the tree of life (Anzalone, Koblan, and Liu 2020). Gene editing is not a singular technology or technique; it refers most often to a set of techniques that enable the manipulation of a genome with greater precision than previous iterations of genetic engineering (Shukla-Jones, Friedrichs, and Winickoff 2018b). The Inter-American Development Bank partnered with North Carolina State Universitys Genetic Engineering and Society (GES) Center to assess the regulatory and institutional frameworks surrounding gene-editing via CRISPR-based technologies in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) regions. The project studied the following core components: Current Policy Evaluation: Understanding what the future may hold requires a critical examination of the current status of the regulatory landscape. Analysis of the existing regulatory systems for agricultural biotechnologies throughout Latin America and how they included considerations for novel biotechnology strategies such as gene editing through CRISPR technologies were done. Forecasting and Future Policy Scenario Analysis: Potential products created through gene editing may face very different situations on the ground, depending on countries diverse regulations and market structures. To clarify the potential impacts of regulatory reforms, we included concrete case studies in our analysis. Identifying investment priorities: The diversity of the region naturally means that countries will have unique priorities and needs with respect to investment in agricultural biotechnology development and regulatory infrastructure. The document evaluates the accomplishments of the region in the development of gene edited products, highlighting both private and public sector innovations.
Educación y cambio climático: ¿cómo desarrollar habilidades para la acción climática en la edad escolar?
Authors: Bos María Soledad , Schwartz Liora
Published: October 2023

Esta nota identifica los desafíos que el cambio climático impone en los sistemas educativos, incluyendo cuán listos están los estudiantes para hacer frente al cambio climático, el nivel de resiliencia de los sistemas educativos y las estrategias de sostenibilidad climática en la provisión del servicio educativo. Continúa con un marco conceptual sobre el valor que agrega la educación a la agenda de cambio climático. Y, finalmente, presenta acciones para fomentar el desarrollo de los conocimientos, los valores y la capacidad de acción climática, así como también las habilidades para los trabajos verdes durante la edad escolar, estrategias para aumentar la resiliencia del sistema educativo al cambio climático y opciones para disminuir las emisiones de GEI en el servicio educativo.
La autorregulación como acción sectorial innovadora para mejorar la gobernanza y eficiencia empresarial
Authors: Aguilera Julio Cesar , Bohórquez Juan Fernando
Published: October 2023

Esta publicación describe el proceso de creación y consolidación de una iniciativa autorregulatoria e innovadora en el sector de acueducto y alcantarillado de Colombia. La Acción Sectorial por la Gobernanza y la Eficiencia Empresarial fue suscrita voluntariamente por doce de las empresas más representativas del sector, para trabajar en 8 compromisos en materia de gobierno corporativo y eficiencia empresarial. El esquema tiene un impacto positivo en la calidad de vida de más de 17 millones de habitantes y puede ser replicado en América Latina y el Caribe.