bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expert opinion on the prescription practice of dual combination oral anti-diabetic drugs in type 2 diabetes mellitus management
Authors: S. Manjula , Kumar M. Krishna
Published: June 2024

Background: This study aimed to gather the clinicians’ perspective regarding the use and prescription practice of dual combination oral anti-diabetic drugs (OADs) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) management in Indian settings.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by using a 29-item structured questionnaire covering factors considered, challenges, preferred indicators of glycemic control, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) use, and strategies. Additionally, it explored clinicians' feedback and experiences with dual combination oral anti-diabetic drugs in T2DM management.
Results: Seventy percent of clinicians observed improved adherence to dual combination therapy of OAD. The combination of dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors and metformin was favored for early initiation and showed better tolerability within the first year according to 42% of clinicians. Approximately 63% of clinicians prefer vildagliptin + metformin for 40–50 year-old diabetics. The combination yields favorable outcomes: 21% in young, 14% in elderly, and 7% in long-standing diabetes cases. After 5 years, 37% of clinicians observed 40-50% of diabetics reaching an HbA1c goal of <7.0% with this combination. Clinicians choose glimepiride + metformin for treatment intensification based on its efficacy, cardiovascular (CV) safety, and fewer adverse events. These factors were collectively recognized by 66.54% of respondents.
Conclusions: This study provided valuable insights into real-world clinical practices and preferences regarding dual combination therapy for diabetes management. Clinicians identified the fixed-dose combination of DPP4 inhibitors and metformin as the preferred choice and highlighted the effectiveness of glimepiride + metformin in overcoming treatment intensification challenges.
A study of clinical and etiological profile of mitral valve dysfunction
Authors: B. Prashanth , Pauskar Mahendra M. , Managuli Mahesh , K. Vijayalaxmi
Published: June 2024

Background: Heart valve diseases are a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality globally; putting a significant strain on healthcare resources. In developing countries, rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains the most common type of heart valve disease. Mitral valve disease is the most frequent of the valvular heart diseases. Mitral valve disease is a distressing and painful condition, and requires immediate attention before they result in death.
Methods: This was a prospective observational study done from September 2019 to February 2021, at the Department of General Medicine, Goa Medical College and Hospital, Bambolim, Goa: A tertiary care hospital in Goa.
Results: Out of the 50 patients enrolled in the study 44% patients had MS ,18% had MR and 38%had MR+MS. Mean age of the study population was 41 to 50 years of which 54% patients were females. All isolated Mitral Stenosis patients were rheumatic origin. Of the 9 MR patients, predominant form of MR was ischemic (66.66%), followed by rheumatic (22.22%) and MVP (11.11%). 19 patients had MR+MS, predominant form was rheumatic (84.21%). It was also observed that 42% each of total patients had pulmonary hypertension and congestive cardiac failure, 40% had pulmonary edema, while 30% had atrial fibrillations complications.
Conclusions: Our study revealed that the most common valve dysfunction observed is mitral stenosis, with a female preponderance and its most common etiology being rheumatic. Further it was also observed that the most common complication is pulmonary hypertension and congestive cardiac failure.
A hospital-based study on acute on chronic liver failure underlying etiology and precipitating factors
Authors: Pauskar Mahendra Manoj , Nadekar Prashanth B. , Managooli Mahesh
Published: June 2024

Background: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is an increasingly recognised entity that includes the acute deterioration of chronic liver disease usually associated with a precipitating event, development of one or more organ failure and high short-term mortality.
Methods: This is a prospective observational study. Clinical data of patients admitted with ACLF at Goa Medical College between November 2019 to November 2021 are summarized and analyzed using relevant statistical tests.
Results: A total of 70 patient’s data was collected. Most common cause of underlying chronic liver disease was alcohol (85.7%) followed by hepatitis B (4.3%), autoimmune diseases (4.3%), cryptogenic (4.3%) and hepatitis C (1.4%). Infections were the most common precipitating factors for ACLF (42.8%) followed by alcohol (28.5%), upper gastrointestinal bleeding (21.42%), drug (AKT) induced (1.42%), unknown cause (10%).
Conclusions: Infection and alcohol were found to be important precipitating factors. A multicentre study involving larger numbers of patients are required to know further details and to form a standard treatment protocol.
Efficacy of intervention towards blood donation to increase voluntary blood donation: a systematic review
Authors: Easmin Fatema , Ashadul Islam M. , Islam Shariful , Rahman Atiar , Sonia Farah Anjum
Published: June 2024

Although blood is the essence of life, and is one of the most precious donations; blood transfusion services are facing shortage of blood all over the world. A significant percentage of people have false beliefs about blood donation. Increase in the level of knowledge and correction of false beliefs should be the top most priority. Therefore, studying factors contributing to their knowledge, attitude and practice of blood donation is essential. There are studies that investigated the effectiveness of interventions or procedure changes in blood donation settings on outcomes including donor deferral, disclosure of risk factors, and rates of errors and omissions. Researchers also identified several interventions to improve donor compliance that have been tested in blood donation settings and provided evidence for the effectiveness of computerized interviews in improving detection of risk factors. Interventions can utilize the processes of change (POC) measure to guide stage matched interventions to encourage use of relevant experiential and behavioral strategies to increase blood donation. Interventions to recruit and retain blood donors in the general population have been classified into five approaches: motivational, reminders/asking, measurement of cognitions, incentives, and preventing vasovagal reactions. Effective recruitment and retention are two different processes and may require different approaches. For example, retention may be influenced more by interventions that focus on actions during or after donation rather than interventions prior to the blood donation appointment.
Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in India: a systematic review
Authors: Chandra Mahesh , Ahmad Paray Ansar , Arora Kunal
Published: June 2024

HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis are the three major infectious diseases that are equivalent to viral hepatitis. The existing research distinguishes between states within the Indian region to study the spread of hepatitis C. The factors that lead to the spread of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) and community-based complex interventions in public health are strongly correlated in this review. The main purpose of this study was to summarize the prevalence of the HCV in India from original research articles published from January 2004 to March 2024. We conducted a systematic search on Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Medline, and other open-access journals. We evaluated all relevant papers that investigated the prevalence of the HCV. Finally, 20 studies on viral hepatitis published from January 2004 to March 2024 have been selected. Twenty full text publications were obtained and evaluated consisting of 117,661 research participants. Out of 117,661 participants, 3,811 were positive for HCV. Prevalence of hepatitis C was found 3.23%. Most of the male participants were affected by HCV as compared to Females. Blood transfusion, history of intravenous drugs, hospital admission, heterosexual contact, and history of surgeries, were the most common ways for people to contract HCV. To reduce the incidence of viral hepatitis and eradicate the illness, effective public health initiatives are desperately needed. The review's recommendations include creating a uniform public health framework for primary care professionals serving both urban and rural populations, preventing the spread of infectious blood, and appropriately screening high-risk individuals.
Rhinoplasty approach for cleft lip and palate patients in a public institution in Mexico
Authors: Palacios Ramírez Axel Raúl , Y. López Rodolfo Luciano Rios Lara , Guerrero Oliver Rene Ramírez , Rubio Karla Fabiola Grau Gutiérrez , Zamudio Silverio Tovar
Published: June 2024

Cleft lip (CL) with or without cleft palate is a common condition in newborns, leading to significant anatomical defects and psychosocial problems. Surgical correction is crucial for improving aesthetic appearance and psychological well-being. Medical records of patients with cleft lip and palate were reviewed at a public hospital in Mexico City from March 2022 to April 2024. Preoperative and postoperative photographs were analyzed to assess aesthetic outcomes. Nine patients (5 males, 4 females) with unilateral cleft lip underwent definitive rhinoplasty, with a mean age of 17 years. Three approaches were identified: without prior secondary cheiloplasty (2 patients), with simultaneous cheiloplasty (1 patient), and following previous secondary cheiloplasty (6 patients). Costal cartilage grafts were used in 5 patients for structural support. Our study underscores the importance of combining lip and nasal corrections to enhance facial harmony. Personalized surgical plans based on the specific sequelae of primary cheiloplasty are essential for optimal results in cleft lip nasal deformity management.
The clinical, laboratory, etiological profile and outcome of acute necrotising encephalitis of childhood in tertiary care centre from western India
Authors: Patel Bhavya S. , Gupta Priya
Published: June 2024

Acute necrotising encephalopathy of childhood (ANEC) is an encephalopathy that presents with viral prodrome accompanied by episodes of seizures and rapid alteration of consciousness. Many patients had a previous history of febrile illness before neurological worsening. Though there is no definite genetic cause, few genes are involved in familial forms of the disease. Geographically this disease is seen in East Asian countries involving infantile and childhood age. Radiological evaluation classically shows lesions involving thalami, cerebellum, brainstem, and white matter. We hereby report 4 cases hospitalized at a tertiary health care hospital with classical presentation, hallmark radiographic, and hematological picture. All four patients presented with varied neurological involvement including altered consciousness, status dystonicus, trismus, and status epilepticus following an acute febrile illness. Radiological involvement is classical in all with damage to the thalami, cerebellum, brainstem, and white matter, though the neurological presentation, duration, and outcome of all varied. All these 4 patients were thoroughly investigated and out of them 3 were managed with IVIG and MPS, the rest one with an immunosuppressive state managed symptomatically in a conservative manner, and all four were discharged with varied neurological morbidities. All of them offered symptomatic medical management, and physiotherapy from experts. ANEC is an acute deteriorating neurological disorder with a prior history of febrile illness. Neurological illness has hallmark clinical presentation with classical symmetrical brain involvement including thalami, cerebellum, brainstem, and white matter. Though having a varied clinical spectrum, it has responded well to immunotherapy by anti-inflammatory agents including IVIG and MPS.
Submental intubation as an alternative to tracheostomy for patients with panfacial fractures: a case series
Authors: Rohra Divya J. , Patil Shruti S.
Published: June 2024

Maxillofacial surgical procedures for panfacial trauma present unique challenges for both surgeons and anesthesiologists. In cases of such injuries, the choice of intubation method becomes critical, especially when temporary airway management is needed intraoperatively due to difficult oral and nasal access and frequent dental occlusion. This study highlighted our experience with submental intubation as an alternative to tracheostomy for airway management in three adult male patients with complex panfacial fractures. The technique of submental intubation involves redirecting the proximal end of an endotracheal tube through the floor of the mouth and the submental region. This approach offers a nontraditional means of airway maintenance with minimal complications and increased safety margins. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of submental intubation in managing the airway of patients with complex maxillofacial fractures, assessing factors such as duration of intubation, the incidence of accidental extubation, postoperative complications, as well as a review of literature available previously highlighting the indications, contraindications, advantages, and disadvantages associated with submental intubation. A study of three cases involving panfacial fractures where submental intubation was performed between December 2023 and January 2024 was done. On completion of the procedure, all three patients were successfully extubated on the table without any major intraoperative or postoperative complications.
Unveiling the complexity of cardiac amyloidosis: a comprehensive case report
Authors: L. V. Kalatsei , Patel Krushikumar Panishkumar , Nimavat Anmol Manish , Reshani Navindika , Katuwanaarachvhi Methmi
Published: June 2024

This case report documents a woman in her sixties who initially presented with cardiac symptoms such as heart palpitations, shortness of breath, and fluctuating blood pressure. Following her hospital admission, she received a diagnosis of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and underwent successful electrical cardioversion. Despite this intervention, her symptoms persisted, necessitating radiofrequency ablation of the Cavo-tricuspid isthmus, which proved to be highly effective. Subsequent diagnostic testing revealed the presence of coronary artery disease, atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis, and mitral valve abnormalities, all of which were managed appropriately. Upon discharge, the patient was prescribed a medication regimen comprising anticoagulants, hypotensive therapy, and statins, which she tolerated well. However, her symptoms deteriorated, leading to a referral to a specialized center where she was promptly diagnosed with cardiac amyloidosis (CA) and received appropriate treatment. Adjustments to her treatment plan were made based on this diagnosis, and a cardiac MRI confirmed the presence of amyloidosis. A biopsy of the buccal mucosa further confirmed the presence of AL-amyloidosis based on immunohistochemistry test results. The patient commenced chemotherapy, which unfortunately led to kidney damage but ultimately resulted in significant improvement in her condition. Recurrent atrial fibrillation episodes necessitated further interventions, which were performed swiftly and effectively. Multi-organ assessments revealed numerous abnormalities, guiding tailored management strategies. A multidisciplinary team comprising cardiology, hematology, and general practice specialists coordinated the patient's care, focusing on pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modifications, which were found to be highly effective. Emphasis was placed on continuous monitoring and adherence to treatment plans for long-term management, resulting in positive outcomes.
Meckel's diverticulum complicating gallstone ileus-a surgical odyssey: case report and literature review
Authors: Elizabet Corona Flores Yanetzy , Kevin Aviles Gaitan , Julissa Serrano Rodríguez Rosaura , Karina Sánchez Reyes , Oscar Flores Orellana Mario , Eduardo Alvear Torres Luis , Pedro Arreola García , Agustín Blaz-Zavala Rogelio
Published: June 2024

Meckel's diverticulum is a common anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract, often presenting with various complications. Here, we present a case of a 50-year-old female with a history of hysterectomy and cesarean sections, who presented with symptoms consistent with gallstone ileus. Upon investigation, a Meckel's diverticulum with an associated cholecystoduodenal fistula was identified. Surgical intervention involved resection of the affected intestinal segment and anastomosis, without additional intervention targeting the gallbladder or fistula repair. A systematic review revealed four reported cases of Meckel's diverticulum complicating gallstone ileus in the literature. Our case underscores the importance of considering Meckel's diverticulum in the differential diagnosis of gallstone ileus and highlights the efficacy of a tailored surgical approach.
Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus with subtype ZFP57 genetic defect in 6q24
Authors: M. Hekal Abeer , M. Abdel Reheim Naguib , Yaseen Hakam , Elsenwi Ayman
Published: June 2024

Neonatal diabetes (NDM) is a rare form of diabetes that manifests in the first few months of an infant's life. The condition affects approximately one in 300,000 to 400,000 newborns and is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. Transient and permanent NDM are the two types of this disease. In most cases of transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM), the genetic cause has been attributed to the overexpression of chromosome 6q24. Regardless of its underlying cause, the primary treatment for neonatal diabetes is insulin therapy.
From crisis to recovery: a case report and literature review of early extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and esophagogastroduodenoscopy intervention in a patient with extended-release bupropion overdose
Authors: Simpson Matthew D. , Awuah Kojo-Frimpong , Modugula Sujith , Patel Dhaval , Cheema Tariq
Published: June 2024

Drug poisoning, including bupropion overdose, presents significant clinical challenges with rising mortality rates. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has emerged as a potential therapeutic option, particularly in cases of cardiovascular collapse refractory to conventional treatment. However, the role of early ECMO initiation in bupropion intoxication remains under-explored. We present a case of a 41-year-old male with an extended-release bupropion overdose who developed cardiovascular collapse despite standard interventions. The patient underwent early initiation of ECMO and esophagogastroduodenoscopy for drug removal. Within 72-hours of ECMO initiation, the patient demonstrated significant hemodynamic improvement and was successfully weaned off vasopressors. The patient was extubated and transitioned to the medical floors with continued improvement. Early ECMO initiation may be beneficial in bupropion overdose cases presenting with cardiovascular collapse refractory to standard interventions. This case highlights the potential role of ECMO in managing severe bupropion intoxication and suggests further exploration of ECMO as an early intervention in drug poisoning cases.
An interesting case of a wristwatch associated open wrist fracture
Authors: Saiyed Abrar Ali , Darr Mohammed Qasim , Ghulam Sahdia
Published: June 2024

Wrist fractures are commonly encountered injuries during bicycle accidents. Wrist fractures represent the most prevalent upper extremity fractures and account for over a sixth of all fractures seen in emergency department visits. Despite their common occurrence, many cyclists wear wristwatches without considering the potential consequences this may have during an accident when they sustain an upper limb injury. We present a unique case involving a 59-year-old woman with a wristwatch-associated open distal radio-ulnar fracture sustained from a cycling road traffic accident with the crown of the wristwatch being found embedded in the ulna shaft. Currently, there exists a limited knowledge in the literature addressing the safety implications of wearing wristwatches while cycling. This case serves to highlight the hazards associated with wristwatch use during cycling and underscores the hypothesis that wristwatches may act as stress risers, potentially exacerbating fracture severity and necessitating more intricate surgical interventions and subsequent follow-up care.
Topsy turvy in the line of fire
Authors: Chattopadhyay Abira , Das Asish Kumar , Burman Subhasish , Hossain Arif , De Nayana , Sikarwar Sweta
Published: June 2024

In literature there are several schools of thoughts regarding the tooth present in line of fracture. Some supports the preservation to tooth and others in contrast against to the preservation of the tooth. A case of mandibular fracture with a tooth in the fracture line is presented in this paper. Removal of tooth done followed by reduction under G.A with 1 month postoperative follow-up. Different authors supporting different treatment plan for tooth in fracture line. It depends on case whether to remove the tooth or preserve. There are several pro and cons for both the treatment plan discussed in this paper.
Pseudotumor of muscle - focal myositis
Authors: Nagabhushanarao Bhavana V. , Modi Sailesh , Kumar Aripaka P. , Chembrolu Lakshmi S.
Published: June 2024

Focal myositis is a rare disease, and to date, 250 cases have been reported in literature. It is a benign dysimmune disease of unknown etiology. It is defined as myopathy affecting a single muscle without systemic manifestation with a historically proven inflammatory myositis process. It usually presents as a mass ranging from 1 to 20 centimeters, growing insidiously over weeks to months, and may be painless or tender. Or the growth can be rapid and with a lot of pain and disability. It's common in lower limbs and rare in facial muscles. It usually regresses spontaneously and does not invade the surrounding structures. In 18% of cases, there may be a relapse. Laboratory studies may show elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Creatine kinase (CK) is usually not elevated significantly. Autoantigens are often normal or may be marginally elevated. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a diagnostic tool of choice and is done with relative ease. Electromyography (EMG) occasionally shows recordable spontaneous and repetitive discharges. Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) may be helpful if nerves are involved. A muscle biopsy usually confirms the diagnosis with specific features. Tumours of muscle and Inflammatory myositis need to be differentiated. Sometimes focal myositis may be associated with immune-mediated inflammatory disease (IMID), neoplasms, radiculopathy, and trauma. Focal myositis is usually self-limiting and benign. It usually responds to NSAID and occasionally may require a short course of steroids, especially in those with elevated ESR and CRP.
A case of neurofibromatosis type 1 with clival chordoma
Authors: Suresh Thejus , Bhatia Simran , Hegde Sindhu S. , Menon Girish , Karanth Shubhada
Published: June 2024

Neurofibromatosis type-1 is an autosomal dominant tumour syndrome with a high clinical susceptibility to malignancies, especially nervous system malignancies. Here, we reported a case of neurofibromatosis type-1 in a male in his 50s, who presented with generalised weakness, headache associated with ear pain, a feeling of heaviness of the head, and giddiness for a duration of 1 week. On examination, he had axillary freckling and multiple neurofibromas over his body. Nystagmus and dysdiadokokinesia were present. MRI brain revealed an enhancing lesion in the sphenoid and clivus, extending into the sellar and supra-sellar region. The possibility of pituitary adenoma and clival chordoma were considered. He was referred to Neurosurgery and underwent Trans-nasal Trans-sphenoidal near-total resection of the tumour. Biopsy of the lesion was indicative of conventional clival chordoma, which is rarely reported with NF-1. The post-operative period was uneventful and the patient is planned for regular follow-up to detect recurrence.
The origin of musculocutaneous nerve from median nerve: a case report
Authors: Agrawal Soujanya , Singroha Ritu , Rathee Suresh Kantha
Published: June 2024

The musculocutaneous (C5-C7) is the main nerve supplying muscles of the front of the arm, i.e., the coracobrachialis both the long and the short heads of biceps brachii and the brachialis muscles, and continues as the lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm 2 cm above the elbow joint. Usually, its origin is from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus, at the pectoralis minor's lower border in the axilla. In regular dissection Bilateral variation in the origin of musculocutaneous nerve and lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm was observed in a male cadaver. Both the musculocutaneous nerve and lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm were found to be originating from the median nerve by a common stem. The nerve supply of muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm showed no variation. The present case was a rare anomaly and was being reported as this knowledge was of importance for surgeons, anesthetists and orthopedicians for anesthetic and other procedures.
Unveiling the elusive: a case of missed hydrops fetalis
Authors: Tholu Chandana Prasad , Ahmed Iffat Wakeel , Dange Shalini , Choudhary Amruta Abhijit , Kamath Anusha , Yadav Anita
Published: June 2024

Hydrops fetalis, characterized by abnormal fluid accumulation in fetal tissues, poses diagnostic challenges often leading to adverse outcomes. We present a case of a 26-year-old multigravida diagnosed with hydrops fetalis at 26 weeks, despite unremarkable antenatal visits. Detailed ultrasound revealed characteristic signs, prompting urgent intervention. Despite aggressive measures, the neonate succumbed shortly after birth. This case highlights the complexities of diagnosing and managing hydrops fetalis, emphasizing the need for heightened clinical awareness. Diagnostic steps, including fetal ultrasound and genetic testing, are pivotal for confirming diagnosis and guiding management, underlining the critical role of comprehensive prenatal care in improving outcomes.
Tuberculous bronchoesophageal fistula presenting with miliary tuberculosis: a case report
Authors: Khan Zaara , Khanduri Sachin , Rohit  , Sultana Sadaf , Ahmed Waquar , Dwari Kunal , Ejaz Shaista , Singh Abhishek , Perumal K. Prithvi , Yadav Tushar , Chatterji Upasana
Published: June 2024

A 35-year-old Asian woman with no pre-existing illnesses presented with a chronic cough during eating, mucoid sputum production, low-grade fever, and significant weight loss over the past few months. She had no history of high-risk behavior, foreign body aspiration, or ingestion of toxic substances. Physical examination revealed mild pallor without other significant findings. Vital signs were normal. Laboratory tests indicated mild anemia, leukocytosis, and elevated ESR. Sputum AFB and viral/autoimmune markers were negative. The tuberculin skin test was positive. Imaging studies, including fluoroscopy with contrast and a CT scan of the thorax, identified an esophagobronchial fistula and miliary tuberculosis, with multiple diffuse lung nodules and associated changes. The CT scan showed a thick-walled fistulous tract connecting the esophagus to the right main bronchus at three points, along with miliary nodules and bronchiectatic changes. AFB staining of bronchial secretions was negative, but PCR and cultures confirmed M. tuberculosis. The patient was initiated on weight-adjusted antituberculosis therapy and nasogastric feeding. The patient showed significant symptomatic improvement after two months of antituberculosis treatment. This case underscores the importance of thorough diagnostic evaluation in atypical presentations of tuberculosis and highlights the potential for esophagobronchial fistulas to complicate pulmonary tuberculosis.
Signs of skin aging: a review
Authors: Fernández-Varela-Gómez Fernando , Sandoval-García Alicia , Valeria Cabrera-Rios Karla
Published: June 2024

Skin aging is a complex process affected by both internal and external factors, leading to changes in skin structure and function. The connection between signs of skin aging and age is intricate, involving genetic, environmental, and lifestyle influences. However, relying solely on chronological age fails to accurately predict skin aging due to the complex interplay of these factors. Interventions such as retinoids show promise in altering skin aging processes, questioning the exclusive use of chronological age for predictions. Skin aging goes beyond appearance, reflecting deeper changes in skin function and structure. Therefore, comprehensive strategies including sun protection and topical treatments are essential for managing aging effects. In essence, understanding the intricate nature of skin aging and adopting holistic approaches tailored to individual factors are vital for promoting skin health throughout life.
From diagnosis to treatment: a holistic approach to intraepithelial cervical disease
Authors: Gupta Sumedha , Kalwaniya Dheer Singh
Published: June 2024

Cervical cancer remains a significant cause of mortality among women worldwide. Screening methods play a crucial role in identifying individuals with cervical pre-cancerous lesions, allowing for timely intervention to prevent progression to invasive disease. Treatment modalities for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) are effective, straightforward, and safe. The choice between ablative techniques (such as cryotherapy or thermal ablation) and excisional techniques (like large loop excision or cold knife conization) depends on lesion characteristics and transformation zone type. Ablative techniques are particularly suitable for low-resource settings due to their simplicity, low complication rates, and cost-effectiveness. In areas where access to colposcopy and histopathology services is limited, strategies such as visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) followed by immediate ablative treatment for VIA-positive individuals are recommended by the World Health Organization. This approach not only prevents the progression of high-grade CIN but also ensures high compliance among screen-positive individuals. Overall, effective screening and treatment strategies are essential in reducing the burden of cervical preinvasive lesions and preventing the development of cervical cancer.
Understanding bio-mechanics of intrusion: an orthodontics review
Authors: Sharma Disha , Thakur Gaurav , Gurung Deepak , Thakur Amrita
Published: June 2024

Orthodontic intrusion is a common treatment approach in managing orthodontic esthetic and functional problems, including gummy smile and deep bite. Intrusion often constitutes an integral part of orthodontic treatment to improve sagittal and vertical incisor relationships, to correct interincisal angle and, consequently, the gingival line and restore the esthetics of smiling. The choice of appliances and techniques used by practitioners varies radically among individuals, but the fundamental forces and moments they produce are universal. Appliances will always act according to the laws of physics. Therefore, understanding the basic biomechanical principles of intrusion may help in effecting efficient tooth control and help in achieving successful orthodontic treatment outcomes more predictable and consistent.
A clinical review on importance of sanitizing the operating room
Authors: Singh Mahendra , Alam Mohammad
Published: June 2024

Modern day surgery is a highly sophisticated procedure incorporating both invasive and non-invasive techniques that are performed in the operation theatres. But we cannot ignore the fact that the infections are often acquired in hospital are surgical sites. The infection may transfer from patient to staff, staff to patients or patient to patient. Hence the aim of infection control practice is reducing the risk of infection from the surgical site. These practices include surgical scrubbing, disinfection of operating rooms, equipment and sterilization of instruments. Hand washing is done before and after dealing the patients, before surgical procedure with anti-septic solution or alcohol based sanitizer. The sanitizing techniques play an important role in avoiding infections and their spread in operating room. The knowledge of various techniques of disinfection and sterilization are more essential for staff members. These include but not limited to preparation of disinfectants and their concentration. For surgical instruments we use steam sterilizer (auto-clave) and ethylene oxide for endoscopic instruments. There is a need of training the surgical staff members to carry out these practices.
Initial experience of using the Invengenx® bovine pericardial tissue patch for common arterial trunk repair
Authors: Shah Prashant , Dudde Tejdeep , Kamath Shrishu , Surya Karthik , Bilgi Kanchan V. , Kupumbati Ria
Published: June 2024

Engineered heterografts like bovine pericardial tissue patches are often fashioned into conduits for repairs of complex congenital cardiac defects such as truncus arteriosus (BPTP). Choosing the right graft that has suitable mechanical properties, durability, antigenicity and availability in the right size and shape is a difficult task. We report our initial experience with the new Invengenx® BPTP that is crosslinked using proprietary fixation methodology called elixP™ in a 6-month-old patient with a type 2 TA on whom we performed a truncus repair, closure of ventricular septal defect (VSD) and right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction. A size XM-12 (2×9 cm) Invengenx® BPTP was hand-sewn to prepare a conduit. Distal anastomosis was done between the conduit and the PA confluence. The conduit could be hand-sewn with ease, had optimal thickness and strength and showed good performance as seen on post-operative echocardiography.
The ruler cult in the Ptolemaic army: the thiasos βασιλισταὶ (III-I BC)
Authors: Vorobyov Ivan Yu.
Published: June 2024

The article deals with the thiasos of the basilistai (βασιλισταὶ), a cult community that revered the Ptolemaic dynasty. According to the unanimous opinion of researchers, the main role in this association was played by the soldiers and officers of the Ptolemaic army. The paucity and fragmentary preservation of sources determine the main difficulties for a comprehensive study of this religious organization. The author of the article, having summarized the source material, including new epigraphic finds from Lycian Limira, makes an attempt to determine the characteristic features of the community of the basilistai, expresses his point of view on the problem of the chronological framework of the existence of thiasos, and also suggests what could serve as a prototype - an organization that influenced the formation of a religious associations.
Modern Western Sovietology on the problem of child homelessness in the USSR in the 1920s - 1930s
Authors: Ryabinina Natalia V. , Grebennik Mikhail V.
Published: June 2024

The article analyzes the main works of modern Western historians considering the problem of child homelessness in the USSR of the 1920s-1930s. The classification of foreign studies depending on the object of study is proposed. Highlights the main provisions of the works concerning these problems, as well as the specific features of the methodology of the authors. As a result of the analysis, the strengths and weaknesses of Western Sovietology on the studied problems were highlighted, and a conclusion was made about the complementarity of Russian and foreign studies on this topic.
Ostap Bender and the criminal code of the RSFSR 1926. Part I
Authors: Oganesyan Roman G.
Published: June 2024

The article attempts to conduct a legal analysis of one of the most famous works in Soviet literature - the novel "The Twelve Chairs" by Ilf and Petrov. A legal assessment of the activities of his main character, Ostap Bender, is given from the perspective of Soviet criminal legislation - the Criminal Code of the RSFSR of 1926. The topic of this article is relevant because in the Soviet period, the issues of interaction between law and fiction were not sufficiently reflected in research and presented legal conflicts, even having a fictional, imaginary character, ways to tell much more about political and social life and about people involved in various legal conflicts.
Iatrogenic crimes: issues of criminalization and criminal liability
Authors: Zohrabyan Naira Yu.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of legislative regulation of iatrogenic crimes in the light of the latest reform of the criminal legislation of the Republic of Armenia. The author analyzed the term “iatrogeny”, differentiated crimes according to the characteristics of a special subject of the crime (medical worker) when performing professional duties, and conducted a comparative legal analysis with the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The author focused on the criminalization of acts in the field of reproductive cloning and eugenic experiments, justifying the need for legislative regulation of these crimes, taking into account the growing needs of modern medicine in conducting experimental research. The relevant laws of the Republic of Armenia containing norms and definitions used in constructing the group of crimes under consideration are also analyzed. Medical error and qualification issues based on the characteristics of a special subject of a crime are considered.
Narrative strategies of visualizing in the public pages the heads of regions (the VKontakte's case)
Authors: Budko Diana A. , Kalashnikova Ekaterina A.
Published: June 2024

The article examines the main narrative communication strategies of Russian regional politicians in visual storelling. The research methods are discourse analysis in the interpretation of N. Fairclough and the approach of P. Sztompka. The sample of the research was composed of publications with visual materials: the 15 most popular blogs of the heads of regions of Russia on the VKontakte. Chronological framework: the period from March 1, 2023 to November 1, 2023. The results of the research allow to identify four key narrative strategies of visual storytelling. They are "hero’s path", "stability", "friend or foe" and "future plans". It is concluded that each of these narratives is involved in one way or another in each of the reviewed blogs. The most popular is the "hero’s path". The presentation of each strategy in the visual storytelling is different in the cases considered. This allows to suggest that the demonstration of a particular strategy depends both on the target audience of the public (in this case, residents of the region) and on the personal characteristics of politicians.
Some issues of Russia's transport policy in the context of Western sanctions
Authors: Gorbunov Alexander A.
Published: June 2024

The aspects of Russia's transport policy at the present stage in the context of the tightening of Western sanctions pressure are considered. The project of the North-South international transport corridor is considered as a transport response to attempts to push Russia away from the global South. Particular attention is paid to the political and technological aspects of the formation of the international transport corridor of the North-South project, the negative consequences of the sanctions imposed by Western countries against the transport industry of Russia are shown. An assessment of the actions of the United States and partners to counteract the creation of the North-South international transport corridor through the formation of alternative transport projects of the Lapis Lazuli Corridor and the Zangezur land transport corridor is given. Showing actions of the Government of the Russian Federation to defend the North-South project. In order to counter the threats from Britain and Great Britain, Russia and its partners in the formation of the North-South International Transport Corridor need to preserve sovereignty in international relations, counteract the interference of third countries in their plans, and strengthen the collective military security of their countries. It is important not to succumb to provocations, to show flexibility and mutual willingness to cooperate. This will not only help to overcome obstacles to the implementation of the North-South ITC project, but will also help the participating countries to move forward on integration issues, strengthening their relations.
The Russian labor market in the context of external and internal challenges
Authors: Bureeva Natalia N. , Guskova Irina V. , Serebrovskaya Natalia E.
Published: June 2024

In a rapidly changing world, a situation of foreign political tension, informatization and technologization of the life of our state in all spheres of life, it is the labor market that is a kind of social indicator reflecting current problems, demands and trends in the development of Russian society. The labor market allows you to assess the size and structure of the country's population, to give characteristics of the working population, to assess the level of unemployment, health and prosperity of each family, etc. The active use of digital technologies and the use of artificial intelligence create new conditions for human life and work, while defining new requirements for it. The labor market is responsive to these changes. The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of the labor market caused by changes in the external and internal living conditions of the Russian state. The purpose of the study is to identify and substantiate the directions of transformation of the Russian labor market as a social and economic tool for the development of the economy and the social sphere. The article presents a quantitative and qualitative analysis of statistical information and analytical indicators of the labor market over the past 33 years (from 1990 to 2023), as well as summarizes and substantiates current problems and difficulties in the development of the labor sector in today's difficult realities. The significance of the research lies in the possibility of using the results of quantitative and qualitative analysis of the current state of the labor market, its demands and new development trends to train qualitatively new personnel, increase the competitiveness of employees and employers, and therefore to reduce social tension in society and economic growth in Russia.
Functioning of ergonyms of beauty salons in the city of Yaroslavl (according to the data of sociolinguistic experiment)
Authors: Talitskaya Anna A. , Zueva Yulia E.
Published: June 2024

The article considers regional peculiarities of nomination in the field of beauty salons' ergonyms on the example of names of the city of Yaroslavl. The questionnaire of the sociolinguistic survey included questions allowing to evaluate the ergonyms of beauty salons in the city of Yaroslavl according to the following criteria: the correspondence of the name to the sphere of activity of the organization; the degree of attractiveness of the studied ergonyms for respondents; the reasons for the attractiveness/unattractiveness of the ergonyms for respondents; options for transforming the nomination for the convenience of using it in speech; the degree of importance of the name of the establishment for the consumer of goods/services in the process of choosing an organization to visit. As a result of analyzing the respondents' answers, the following conclusions were obtained. The names of the majority of the studied ergonyms correspond to the beauty sphere. The most attractive name of a beauty salon for Yaroslavl residents is Beauty Territory, which is characterized by correspondence to the sphere of activity of the organization and «beauty of sound». The importance of the name of a beauty salon when choosing a place to visit cannot be determined unequivocally: the answers of the respondents were distributed approximately equally, with 13.2 % of respondents not paying attention to the name when choosing a beauty salon. When using ergonyms in speech, the townspeople most often use elliptization, univerbation, use of the identifier only.
The World of Color in I.A. Bunin's short story "Henry": coloratives and sense of Motherland
Authors: Farkhutdinova Fenia F. , Ndouniama Kanga Kedrain Steve
Published: June 2024

The composition, semantics and functioning of words with color meanings (coloratives) are of interest to researchers specializing in various fields of scientific knowledge. The relevance of studying this group of words is determined with an important trend: to describe the facts of culture fixed in the units of the language, as well as to highlight culturally significant information in them. This tendency is manifested in the study of the writer's language. The analysis of coloratives, their composition and role in Ivan Bunin's multi-genre works is actively conducted, but it is often carried out without focusing on a specific work of art. The article analyzes the coloratives functioning in the text of the story «Henry» (a collection of short stories «Dark Avenues»), which is called a gloomy, or twilight, story. The analysis showed that the writer uses about 120 coloratives in the text of the story, most of which denote bright («daytime») colors (Rus. лиловый, индиго, янтарно-коричневый, цвета луковой шелухи). The nature of the selection of words naming the main colors of the spectrum and their shades in the text of the story shows the author's likes and dislikes. Semantic, lexicographic and linguocultural analysis of landscape and portrait descriptions is carried out against the background of materials from the National Corpus of the Russian language (the Main and Poetic subcorps). The analysis has shown that the coloratives become for the author not only a means of accurately and figuratively describing the world around them, but also a way of expressing the hero's condition and his attitude towards Russia and Europe.
Kelam İlmi Açısından Halk İnanışları Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: Karaçoban Ethem
Published: June 2024

Halk inançları muhteva olarak oldukça geniş bir alanı içine alır. Dinî alana dönük halk inançları olduğu gibi, hava durumu, sosyal, ekonomik, askerî veya sivil hayat, eğlence, üzüntü gibi akla gelebilecek her alanla ilgili olmak üzere halk inançlarına rastlamak olağandır. Makalede daha çok üzerinde durulacak husus, insanlar arasında canlı bir şekilde varlığını sürdüren ve İslâm akāidiyle ilgisi olan halk inançlarıdır. Üzerinde duracağımız halk inançlarının önemli bir kısmı sadece dinî açıdan yanlış olmakla kalmamakta aynı zamanda İslâm akāidinin doğru bir şekilde öğrenilmesinin önüne geçmektedir. Bu yönüyle konu kelâm ilminin alanına girmektedir. Zira kelâm ilminin konusu inanç esaslarıdır. Dolayısıyla kelâm açısından halkın sahip olduğu inançların yapısının ve gündelik hayata yansımalarının bilinmesi önemlidir. Her ne kadar bu tür çalışmalar bazı sosyal disiplinler tarafından yapılsa da kelâm açısından bir boşluğun olduğu ortadadır. Zira bu bilimler dinî hususları bir vaka olarak inceler. Değer yargısında bulunmaz. Halbuki kelâm sadece tespit ile yetinmez. Ait olduğu dinin bakış açısıyla değerlendirmelerde bulunur. Bu onun görevidir. Bilgilerimize göre kelâm ilmi alanında modern araştırma yöntemlerini kullanarak insanların inanç ve davranışlarını inceleyen çalışmaların sayısı azdır. Makalede, temel dinî esasların bir kısmını ve bazı halk inançlarını içeren sorularla, halkın dinî kabul ve yaşayışları tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.