bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An atypical presentation of Wernicke-Korsakoff encephalopathy mimicking a left hemispheric stroke: case report
Authors: Butnariu Ioana , Anghel Daniela Nicoleta , Ciobanu Adela Magdalena , Cojocaru Florentina , Antonescu-Ghelmez Dana , Manea Maria Mirabela , Antonescu Florian
Published: December 2024

Background

Wernicke-Korsakoff encephalopathy is a metabolic disease caused by vitamin B1 deficiency that predominantly affects alcoholic patients. Its clinical picture is characterized mainly by altered mental status with memory deficits, ophthalmoparesis, and ataxia, although other clinical manifestations may also be present. The current case presents certain clinical difficulties regarding the diagnosis when confronting an atypical presentation of a classical disease in an acute setting when a decision to administer an intravenous thrombolytic agent needs to be made.

Case presentation

This case involves a young male patient, with a history of chronic alcohol abuse, malnourished, and in poor general health, who presented with right-sided hemiparesis and language disturbance of acute onset, suggesting a left hemispheric stroke. The psychological examination was difficult due to a mix of confusion and aphasia, the latter being challenging to assess as the patient had a dismissive and highly deflective attitude toward the examiner. The initial cerebral computed tomography scan was unremarkable, in line with early imaging in ischemic stroke patients. On subsequent magnetic resonance imaging, lesions were observed in the medullo-pontine tegmentum, around the aqueduct of Sylvius, in the mamillary bodies, in the medial thalami, but also extensive bilateral cortical involvement in the frontal lobes. After receiving intravenous vitamin B1 treatment, the patient made a slow, but full, recovery, after eight weeks of hospitalization, and was subsequently transferred to a psychiatry clinic for treatment of his addiction.

Conclusion

Atypical Wernicke-Korsakoff encephalopathy can closely mimic stroke, usually akin to a vertebro-basilar lesion. Our case is the first report we are aware of Wernicke-Korsakoff encephalopathy feigning a left hemispheric stroke with aphasia and right hemiparesis. This has implications for the emergency medicine doctor, neurologist and the stroke specialist when considering an emergency differential diagnosis for a patient with an initial normal computed tomography scan, especially in regard to deciding acute therapy.
Effects of mind–body exercise on physical ability, mental health and quality of life in stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Dong Jin , Chi Jinjin , Wang Desheng
Published: December 2024

Purpose

To systematically evaluate the effects of mind–body exercise on physical ability, mental health and quality of life in stroke patients.

Methods

According to the PRISMA statement, we searched Web of science, Pubmed, Embase, Sinomed, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases to collect randomized controlled trials on the effects of mind–body exercise on improving balance function, motor capacity, walking function, depression and quality of life in stroke patients. The search was conducted in January 2024. Review Manager5.3 was used for statistical analysis of the data.

Results

A total of 33 randomized controlled trials with a total of 1985 participants were included. The results of meta-analysis showed: Mind–body exercise had a significantly effect on balance ability [MD = 5.64, 95%CI = 4.17, 7.11, p < 0.00001], upper limb motor ability [MD = 6.98, 95%CI = 1.96, 12.01, p = 0.006 < 0.01], lower limb exercise capacity [MD = 3.55, 95% CI = 0.31, 6.78, p = 0.03 < 0.05], exercise capacity [MD = 7.24, 95% CI = 4.36, 10.12, p < 0.00001], depression [MD = −3.28, 95%CI = −3.86, −2.69, p < 0.00001] and quality of life [MD = 10.62, 95%CI = 5.17, 16.06, p = 0.0001 < 0.01]. However, mind–body exercise did not affect walking ability [MD = −1.82, 95%CI = −4.20, 0.57, p = 0.14 > 0.05]. The results of subgroup analysis showed: Qigong (Baduanjin) exercise for more than four weeks, 6–10 times a week, 15–40 min each time can significantly improve balance function and quality of life in stroke patients.

Conclusion

Mind–body exercise can be used as a supplement therapy to conventional rehabilitation therapy, which is not only low intensity, high safety, but also because it is not limited to the site, can be accepted by most people and accelerate the rehabilitation process of stroke.
Financial assessment and diagnosis of abnormal data of listed companies in public health and wellness industry
Authors: Liu Xiao , Li Yanhong , Zhang Shengnan
Published: December 2024

In this study, the present status of the public health and wellness sector in China is examined. The main objective is to evaluate the financial risk among publicly listed companies in the sector. Despite the significant expansion of the industry, research in this domain remains limited. Moreover, it frequently lacks depth, especially when it comes to financial studies designed especially for publicly traded companies. Current models for assessing corporate financial risk are frequently applied in diverse industries without necessary adjustments. Therefore, this study examines the financial performance and operational health of five publicly listed anonymized companies between 2020 and 2023. Using an efficient methodology that includes reliable data collection and quality assurance, we analyze key performance indicators such as annual revenues, liquidity ratios, and debt-to-equity ratios to assess financial stability and growth potential. Our findings reveal varied revenue trends shaped by external market shocks such as the COVID-19 pandemic. These trends highlight both the resilience of the sector and its vulnerabilities. To evaluate potential financial risks and outliers, the abnormal revenue patterns are also identified using Z-score. Benchmarking is also conducted using industry averages which provides a clearer understanding of competitive positioning. Several suggestions are made in light of the analysis to manage debt, increase liquidity, and leverage digital transformation for long-term growth. Several future directions are also presented to continue research in the domain. Overall, this study offers valuable information for stakeholders navigating the complexities of the public health and wellness industry in China.
Do different survey methods affect physicians’ stated work preferences? Findings from a discrete choice experiment in Eastern China
Authors: Wang Lizhu , Hu Dan , Zhu Jing
Published: December 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to examine the impact of online and offline survey methods on the participation of physicians in discrete choice experiment (DCE) surveys in Eastern China and explore their attitudes towards primary healthcare work.

Methods

The study involved active doctors practicing at secondary or county-level general hospitals in Eastern China, who completed a DCE questionnaire either online or offline. A mixed logit model was used to analyze the data, considering the relative importance of various job attributes.

Results

This study found that online surveys save costs and offline surveys help increase the response rate for questionnaires. The validity rate for the completed questionnaires was high (>90%) across both research methods. A mixed logit model simulation analysis revealed that compensation packages were the dominant influence on doctors’ choices. The online survey showed that doctors were more likely to choose to work in village health centers if their salary was flat (β = 1.330), while the offline survey showed that doctors were also more likely to choose village health centers when their salary was increased by 10% (β = 1.095). Work organization and public recognition also had a significant effect on doctors’ primary job choices (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The study concluded that remuneration, work organization, and public recognition are key factors affecting physicians’ willingness to work in primary healthcare settings. For respondents with higher education and cognitive abilities, online surveys are recommended for DCE research.
Skin shade and relationships: how colourism pits Black and mixed Black-White women against each other
Authors: Phoenix Aisha , Craddock Nadia
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Colourism, prejudice where people are penalised the darker their skin and the further their features are from those associated with whiteness, occurs within and between racialised groups and can affect relationships. In this paper we examine the complex processes through which colourism positions Black and mixed Black-White women in contrasting positions in beauty and desirability hierarchies based on their skin shade.

Method

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 27 Black (n = 18) or mixed Black-White (n = 9) adults (18 women, 9 men) living in Britain. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results

Analysis generated four main themes. First, colourist and gendered appearance ideals promoted by mainstream media serve to devalue and thus harm Black people, particularly Black women with dark skin. Second, these ideals can affect Black and mixed Black-White women’s experiences of the heterosexual relationship market where women with light skin are desired and those with darker skin often overlooked. Third, colourist appearance ideals and colourist-induced inequities in the heterosexual relationship market affect relationships between Black and mixed Black-White women of different skin shades. Fourth, fostering Black self-acceptance, celebrating natural Black beauty, and creating spaces for dialogue between women of different skin shades are seen as ways to address some aspects of colourism and/or their affects.

Discussion

Findings highlight how colourism shapes desirability in gendered ways and how this affects the lives of Black and mixed Black-White women, influencing within-group social dynamics and relationships.
Perceived quality of padel users: adaptation and validation of the QPadel assessment tool
Authors: Fernández Martínez Nicolás , Gálvez-Ruiz Pablo , Gómez Chacón Ramón , Lara-Bocanegra Alejandro
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Padel is currently an emerging sport that has experienced significant growth, enjoying popularity and widespread accessibility among the population. However, the padel context lacks a tool to assess the perceived quality of users in padel facilities and sports services. This study aims to adapt and validate an evaluation tool based on a literature review.

Methods

The sample included 402 users (298 men and 104 women, predominantly a frequency of play of 1–2 days a week for 1–2 h) from clubs across the Andalusian Autonomous Community (South of Spain). Psychometric properties were evaluated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency through Cronbach's Alpha indicator and composite reliability, as well as convergent and discriminant validity, using the statistical software SPSS (v.22).

Results

The findings demonstrated adequate psychometric properties in various analyses (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis), showing both internal consistency and validity (convergent and discriminant).

Discussion

The QPadel tool represents a significant contribution and advancement in the academic literature, with potential positive impacts on decision-making for improving padel facilities and services, as well as enhancing competitiveness.
Impacts of mining projects on food security of households in Ethiopia: empirical evidence from Benishangul-Gumuz Region
Authors: Haile Netsanet Zeleke , Huluka Admassu Tesso , Beyene Amsalu Bedemo
Published: December 2024

It’s challenging to predict the potential impacts of mining extraction on household food security. On the one hand, mining projects can create job opportunities, improve market access, and enhance infrastructure. On the other hand, these projects can have adverse effects on livelihood assets, such as farmland, livestock, and grazing areas, which are crucial for household food security. The purpose of this article is to bridge the gap by studying impacts of mining projects on household food security in Ethiopia, using empirical evidence from the Benishangul-Gumuz Region (BGR). To achieve this goal, we employed a cross-sectional and quasi-experimental research designs. Using systematic random sampling, we collected primary data from a sample of 333 households, comprising 162 from a community located around the mining projects (treated households) and 171 from a community without mining projects in the area (control households). We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics and Propensity Score Matching (PSM) techniques. We measured food availability by assessing food energy intake (FEI). We evaluated food utilization by using the food consumption score (FCS), and we determined food stability through the coping strategy index (CSI). The Average Treatment Effect on the Treated (ATT) results show that treated households, on average, consume 1,407.34 kcal per adult per day and 8.54 more FCS per week compared to control households, respectively. The ATT results also showed that treated households had a 3.24 lower CSI than control households. This is due to the wage employment created by small-scale and the infrastructure built by large-scale mining projects in the study area. Our research indicates that expanding mining investments brings benefits, as long as local sustainable development is taken into account.
Enteric methane emissions, rumen fermentation, and milk composition of dairy cows fed 3-nitrooxypropanol and L-malate supplements
Authors: Zhou Xiaokang , Fu Shuaiqi , Li Gaiying , Yao Zhaohui , Du Xingjie , Zhang Yan , Gao Tengyun
Published: December 2024

Twenty-four cows were used in a randomized complete block design. Cows were assigned to three groups: (1) Control, (2) 3-nitrooxypropanol (NOP) of 200 mg/kg feed dry matter (10% NOP), and (3) NOP × MAL (10% NOP at 200 mg/kg feed dry matter plus 99% L-malate at 10 g/kg feed dry matter). Cows were fed for 10-wk. NOP did not affect dry matter intake (DMI) or milk yield, whereas NOP × MAL decreased DMI but did not affect milk yield. Average methane production decreased by 54% in NOP and by 51% in NOP × MAL. Both NOP and NOP × MAL increased concentrations of milk fat and protein. In addition, concentrations of short-chain fatty acids and total saturated fatty acids increased in both NOP and NOP × MAL. However, total monounsaturated fatty acids and total polyunsaturated fatty acids only increased in NOP × MAL.
A case of synovial sarcoma of the right mid-thigh and literature review
Authors: Zhang Jing , Li Zhengyi , Guo Guoqiang , Jin Chunchun , Deng Meifang
Published: December 2024

Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a rare and malignant mesenchymal neoplasm. We report a case of a 16-year-old Chinese female diagnosed with biphasic synovial sarcoma. The imaging features, surgical procedures and pathological results of the lesion were described in detail. Additionally, we conducted a review of the literature on synovial sarcoma of the thigh over the past 2 decades, identifying a total of 25 relevant case reports and summarizing the characteristics of these cases. Synovial sarcoma has a high degree of malignancy, with a high recurrence and metastasis rate, and a 5-year survival rate of 36%–76% and a 10-year survival rate of 20%–63%, so early detection of the lesion and preoperative differential diagnosis are of paramount importance in the treatment of patients.
Laser-Based Length-Measuring Board for the Measurement of Infant Body Length from Outside an Incubator: Proposal and Assessment of a Model
Authors: Pereira-da-Silva Luís , Henriques Rafael B. , Virella Daniel , Mascarenhas Andreia , Papoila Ana Luísa , Alves Marta , Fernandes Horácio
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Opening the incubator side wall to insert a non-sterile length-measuring device carries the risk of microbial contamination and thermal instability for preterm infants. To reduce this inconvenience, a laser-based length-measuring board is proposed to measure body length from outside the incubator. Methods: This device has two laser-line-shaped cursors which can be pointed to opposite ends of a segment to be measured. It is attached to the outer side of one of the incubator’s side walls in such a manner as to ensure that its axis is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the segment. To validate the measurements made with this model, a calibrated caliper consisting of a conventional rigid length-measuring board with a resolution of 0.05 mm was constructed to serve as a reference. Crown–heel length was measured in a sample of 45 infants, including 32 preterm and 13 term infants of corrected gestational age at the time of measurement. Results: Good intra-observer variability was obtained. Near-perfect statistical agreement was found between measurements with both devices, with concordance correlation coefficients of 0.994 (95% CI: 0.990; 0.996) in preterm infants and 0.994 (95% CI: 0.988, 0.998) in infants at term. The clinical relevance of the agreement between measurements was assessed by a Bland–Altman plot, and the difference may reach clinical relevance (up to 1 cm) but without evidence of proportional bias. Conclusion: The proposed validated laser-based length-measuring board offers a suitable alternative to conventional length-measuring boards for contactless measurement of infant body length.
Pharmaceutical Prescribing Privileges for Optometrists to Combat Childhood Myopia in Singapore: Public Health Policy Review and Analysis
Authors: Yap Tiong Peng , Mishu Masuma Pervin
Published: December 2024

Singapore’s national myopia prevention efforts have largely focused on school vision screening and public education on outdoor activities in the past two decades. Given the emergence of evidence-based myopia interventions, this policy review and analysis investigates the potential benefits and drawbacks of optometrist prescribing privileges as it has been proposed to reduce the barriers to access effective interventions, such as combined therapy (e.g., orthokeratology treatment and low-dose atropine therapy). In this policy analysis, two policy options were identified to be feasible based on evidence from a systematic literature search and they were analysed along with status quo using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Policy Analysis Framework. This includes independent prescribing and supplementary prescribing, where the former entails autonomous clinical decision making, and the latter entails co-management with ophthalmological supervision. The policy review and analysis found independent prescribing the most favourable and concluded that this should be implemented in view of its benefits for the community. Public health impact is expected to be substantial due to increased patient access, reduced treatment costs, early interventions, improved treatment compliance, and reduced wait times and inconvenience. It is feasible because treatment processes can be streamlined, and it can be implemented based on existing collaborative prescribing frameworks. Economical and budgetary impact is also substantial given the direct savings generated, which can consequently help to reduce the disease burden.
Is There a Long-Term Link Between Digital Media Use and Adolescent Headaches? A Longitudinal School-Based Study
Authors: Humberg Clarissa , Neß Verena , Rau Lisa-Marie , Wager Julia
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives: The use of digital media, and especially social media, has been increasing over recent years. Previous research has reported a negative impact of media use on headaches; however, most of these studies are cross-sectional. Therefore, we conducted a longitudinal study to explore the relationship between different types of media usage (watching videos, gaming, and social media) and headache frequency and headache intensity over time. Methods: School-aged children from five German schools completed five assessments between 2017 and 2018. In total, N = 575 (72.9% female; Mage = 13.3, SDage = 1.86) children and adolescents reporting consistent headaches across all assessments were analyzed. Multilevel linear modeling was used to assess the relationships between media use and headache frequency and intensity over time. Results: There were only minor associations between media use and headache intensity or frequency. Notably, only high social media usage was linked with worse headache intensity (t(1989) = 4.109, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The impact of media use on headaches seems to be less harmful than previous research might suggest. We believe that increased time spent consuming media should not be considered a risk factor for pain conditions but rather a helpful resource for pain management.
Temporal Changes in Freshwater Invertebrate Communities During the Drying Phase of a Newly Intermittent River in Central Italy
Authors: Di Sabatino Antonio , Rossi Floriana , Ercolino Giada
Published: December 2024

The transition from a perennial to an intermittent regime in newly intermittent rivers (nIRs) negatively affects both taxonomic and functional diversity, with significant repercussions on freshwater ecosystem processes and services. However, to better understand how changes in the natural flow regime may influence the structure and functioning of freshwater ecosystems, it is fundamental to assess variations in abiotic and biotic parameters throughout the hydrological phases characterizing nIRs. For these reasons, we evaluated the temporal changes in community structure and composition during the drying phase of a Central Apennines stream (Italy) over two consecutive drought years. We demonstrated that the different hydrological regime of the pre-drought phase profoundly affected the structure and composition of freshwater communities. The reduced discharge during the low-flow conditions of 2024 led to a transition from insect- to non-insect-dominated communities, with small-sized, lentic-adapted and generalist taxa replacing rheophile and more sensitive insect taxa. We also found marked interannual differences in temporal beta diversity. However, in both years, taxa richness did not exhibit a negative stepped response pattern during the sequence of channel contraction, flow cessation and pools formation. Consequently, we can assume that in newly intermittent Apennine rivers, the response of freshwater communities to drying is strictly dependent on the local and interannual variable hydrological context. This study emphasizes the need for further investigation to better understand the ecological impacts of increasing intermittence in formerly perennial streams and rivers.
Monitoring and Assessment of Environmental Quality in Coastal Ecosystems Volume III
Authors: Gonçalves Sílvia C.
Published: December 2024

Establishing the transition between the marine and terrestrial domains, coastal environments are very dynamic and complex ecosystems with unique biodiversity [...]
Advances in Cellulose-Based Hydrogels: Current Trends and Challenges
Authors: Tofanica Bogdan-Marian , Mikhailidi Aleksandra , Samuil Costel , Ungureanu Ovidiu C. , Fortună Maria E. , Ungureanu Elena
Published: December 2024

This paper provides a solid foundation for understanding the synthesis, properties, and applications of cellulose-based gels. It effectively showcases the potential of these gels in diverse applications, particularly in biomedicine, and highlights key synthesis methods and properties. However, to push the field forward, future research should address the gaps in understanding the environmental impact, mechanical stability, and scalability of cellulose-based gels, while also considering how to overcome barriers to their industrial use. This will ultimately allow for the realization of cellulose-based gels in large-scale, sustainable applications.
Cannabidiol-Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles Incorporated in Polyvinyl Alcohol and Sodium Alginate Hydrogel Scaffold for Enhancing Cell Migration and Accelerating Wound Healing
Authors: Lapmanee Sarawut , Bhubhanil Sakkarin , Charoenphon Natthawut , Inchan Anjaree , Bunwatcharaphansakun Phichaporn , Khongkow Mattaka , Namdee Katawut
Published: December 2024

Chronic wounds represent a persistent clinical challenge due to prolonged inflammation and impaired tissue repair mechanisms. Cannabidiol (CBD), recognized for its anti-inflammatory and pro-healing properties, shows therapeutic promise in wound care. However, its delivery via lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) remains challenging due to CBD’s inherent instability and low bioavailability. This study developed and characterized a novel hydrogel scaffold composed of CBD-loaded LNPs (CBD/LNPs) integrated into a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (SA) matrix, designed to enhance wound repair and mitigate inflammation. The characteristics of the hydrogel scaffold were observed including the degree of swelling and LNPs’ release profiles. Furthermore, in the results, CBD/LNPs displayed enhanced stability and reduced cytotoxicity compared to unencapsulated CBD. In vitro assays demonstrated that CBD/LNPs significantly promoted fibroblast migration in gap-closure wound models and reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species, supporting their potential as a biocompatible and efficacious agent for cellular repair and oxidative stress attenuation. In vivo experiments using adult male Wistar rats with aseptic cutaneous wounds revealed that treatment with CBD/LNP-PVA/SA hydrogel scaffold significantly accelerated wound closure relative to blank hydrogel controls, demonstrating a substantial reduction in the wound area over time. Histological analysis confirms notable improvements in skin morphology in wounds treated with CBD/LNP-PVA/SA hydrogel scaffold with evidence of accelerated epithelialization, enhanced collagen deposition, and increased dermal thickness and vascularization. Additionally, skin histology showed a more organized epidermal layer and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in CBD/LNP-PVA/SA hydrogel scaffold-treated wounds, corresponding to a 35% increase in the wound closure rate by day 28 post-treatment. These findings suggest that CBD/LNP-PVA/SA hydrogel scaffolds facilitate inflammation resolution and structural wound healing through localized, sustained CBD delivery. The dual anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effects position CBD/LNP-PVA/SA hydrogel scaffold as a promising approach for chronic wound management. Future investigations are warranted to elucidate the mechanistic pathways by which CBD modulates the skin architecture and to explore its translational applications in clinical wound care.
Glycerol as an Inducer of Disease Resistance in Plants: A Systematic Review
Authors: Novaes Ana Paula da Silva , Nascimento Fernanda dos Santos , Rocha Anelita de Jesus , Soares Julianna Matos da Silva , Ramos Andresa Priscila de Souza , Junior Luiz Carlos de Souza , Rodrigues Andressa dos Santos , Mendes Tiago Antônio de Oliveira , Rocha Leandro de Souza , Amorim Edson Perito , Ferreira Claudia Fortes
Published: December 2024

The objective of this systematic review (SR) was to select studies on the activity of glycerol as a molecule that induces disease resistance in plants. We sought to evaluate articles deposited in five electronic databases using a search string and predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The most studied crops are Arabidopsis thaliana, Glycine max, and Coffea spp. The most commonly cited biotic agents include Pseudomonas syringae, Blumeria graminis, and Colletotrichum higginsianum. Numerous doses of glycerol were studied, and concentrations ranged from 0.004 to 9.21%, with a 3% concentration of glycerol being considered most effective for most plant species, where greater resistance was observed with increased glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) and decreased oleic acid levels. The main means of application of the product were spraying and immersion. The SR also revealed the evaluation of resistance-inducing genes, such as PR proteins (PR-1, PR2, PR-5, etc.), HPS70, HSP90, SCAM4, and Tapr1, among others. The information collected in this SR helps to understand the state of the art on the use of glycerol as a molecule inducing resistance against biotic stressors to understand the mechanisms involved in most host–pathogen relationships. This information will be useful in plant breeding programs and for growers/producers.
Physiological Responses of Cucumber Seedlings to Combined High-Temperature and High-Humidity Stress at Different Leaf Stages
Authors: Wang Xi’ao , Pan Yupeng , Liu Hanqiang , Meng Huanwen , Cheng Zhihui
Published: December 2024

The growth and development of plants are closely tied to growth stages, such as germination, flower bud differentiation, photosynthesis, water and fertilizer use efficiency, stress resistance, etc. Previous studies on the stress resistance of plants with different leaf stages have primarily focused on single-factor environmental conditions. However, there has been a lack of systematic research on the physiology of plant seedlings under combined high-temperature and high-humidity (HH) stress, and the relationship between cucumber growth stages and HH tolerance remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed the phenotype, photosynthetic characteristics, reactive oxygen species content, and antioxidant enzyme activity of cucumber seedlings at 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-leaf stages under control (25 °C + 80%RH, CK) and HH (42 °C + 95%RH) stress, aiming to clarify the relationship between growth stage and cucumber HH tolerance. The results indicated that the HH tolerance of cucumber seedlings increases with leaf stage. Seedlings at 1-leaf and 2-leaf stages were most sensitive to HH, whereas 4-leaf seedlings showed the greatest tolerance. Under HH stress, the biomass, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, and photosynthetic electron transfer rate were significantly reduced compared to CK. Simultaneously, there was an increase in reactive oxygen species content and antioxidant enzyme activity. The relative values for dry weight, total chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, Fv/Fm, qP, ETR, and Y (II) in 1-leaf and 2-leaf seedlings were significantly lower, while ROS accumulation and changes in antioxidant enzyme activity were significantly higher compared to 4-leaf seedlings. This lays a foundation for future studies on the growth and physiological response of cucumber plants at different growth stages under varying temperature and humidity combined stresses.
Genomic Insights and Plant Growth-Promoting Potential of Rhizobial Strains from Agave americana
Authors: García-Pérez Luis Galdino , Rincón-Molina Clara Ivette , Martínez-Romero Esperanza , Rogel Marco Antonio , Tapia-Torres Yunuen , Manzano-Gómez Luis Alberto , Maldonado-Gómez Julio César , Rincón-Molina Francisco Alexander , Rincón-Rosales Reiner
Published: December 2024

Symbiotic relationships between plants and bacteria play a pivotal role in both natural and agricultural ecosystems, particularly through endophytic colonization or rhizospheric interactions. This study evaluated the plant growth-promoting potential (PGP) of native rhizobial strains Rhizobium sp. ACO-34A and Mesorhizobium sp. 28A (now reclassified within the genus Kumtagia), isolated from Agave americana. Through phenotypic characterization, PGP evaluation, and comparative genomic analysis, both strains demonstrated the ability to thrive under diverse salinity levels and pH conditions, reflecting their adaptability to challenging environments. Rhizobium sp. ACO-34A exhibited superior resistance to antibiotics and heavy metals, coupled with robust PGP traits, such as phosphate solubilization and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, which are crucial for enhancing nutrient availability and root development. Similarly, Mesorhizobium sp. 28A showed exceptional phosphate solubilization efficiency and contributed to improved seedling performance. These findings highlight the capacity of rhizobia associated with agave species to improve plant growth, reduce dependence on chemical fertilizers, and support sustainable agriculture, particularly in nutrient-depleted or semi-arid soils. Genomic analyses revealed the presence of genes linked to stress resilience and nutrient acquisition, underlining the functional versatility of these strains. By leveraging these native rhizobial strains, agricultural practices can achieve higher productivity and sustainability, making them valuable tools for enhancing the agronomic yield and ecological resilience of agave crops for agro-industries.
Genome-Wide Analysis of C2H2 Zinc Finger Gene Family and Exploration of Genes Related to Prickle Development in Zanthoxylum armatum
Authors: Wang Nuo , Huang Renhua , Zou Hualin , Yi Yuwei , Ye Jiabao , Zhang Weiwei , Xu Feng , Liao Yongling
Published: December 2024

Zanthoxylum armatum (Z. armatum) is a significant economic tree species known for its medicinal and edible properties. However, the presence of prickles on Z. armatum poses a considerable challenge to the advancement of its industry. Numerous studies have indicated that the C2H2 zinc finger protein (C2H2-ZFPs) families are crucial in the development of plant trichomes or prickles. This study identified 78 ZaC2H2 genes from the Z. armatum genome, categorizing them into three groups and analyzing their protein physicochemical properties, chromosomal locations, conserved domains, and gene structures. The evolutionary analysis indicates that the amplification of ZaC2H2 genes primarily results from whole-genome duplication or segmental duplication, and these genes have undergone strong purifying selection pressure throughout their evolutionary history. The analysis of cis-acting elements revealed that they contain various hormone response elements, such as ABRE, AuxRR, the CGTCA motif, GARE motifs, and TCA elements, which are responsive to ABA, IAA, MeJA, GA, and SA signals. RT-qPCR was employed to assess the expression levels of the candidate genes ZaC2H2-45, ZaC2H2-46, ZaC2H2-49, and ZaC2H2-55 under the treatment of five hormones. The results indicated that the expression levels of the ZaC2H2-46 and ZaC2H2-55 genes were significantly up-regulated under NAA, SA, and MeJA treatments. These results will help to further understand the characteristics of the ZaC2H2 gene family and provide a theoretical basis for studying the development of prickles.
Impact of COVID-19 on Consumer Behavior in Home Gardening
Authors: Marwah Pulkit , Chen Qiqi , Hou Yijie , Zhang Yu Yvette , Qin Hongmin , Gu Mengmeng
Published: December 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has reshaped various aspects of life, influencing consumer behaviors and economic activities worldwide. This paper delves into the shifts in consumer preferences and shopping patterns for gardening products and services during and after the pandemic era. Through nationwide online surveys conducted from 2020 to 2022, we analyze changes in time spent and expenses on gardening and identify key demographic and pandemic-related factors influencing these behaviors during the pandemic era. We employed both generalized and standard ordered logistic regression models to assess the impact of various variables on the ordinal dependent variable. The findings reveal a significant surge in both time spending on home gardening activities and money invested in gardening products and services, especially among individuals who considered gardening beneficial for well-being and as a family activity. Notably, the preference for online shopping and mail delivery for gardening supplies emerged as a prominent trend during the pandemic, accompanied by a significant increase in the purchase of fruit plants, vegetable plants, and seeds, indicating that primary motivation for gardening was self-food consumption. These insights provide valuable guidance for businesses in the green industry, informing production, marketing practices, and economic recovery efforts post-COVID-19.
Employee Engagement and Green Finance: An Analysis of Indonesian Banking Sustainability Reports
Authors: Suhardjo Iwan , Suparman Meiliana
Published: December 2024

Green finance has emerged as a critical driver of sustainable development for the banking industry. Engaging employees is essential for the successful implementation of green finance initiatives. This study aims to examine the employee engagement strategies of leading Indonesian banks and compare them with non-banking financial institutions. By analyzing sustainability reports and ESG risk ratings, this study identifies key employee engagement practices in the green finance context, compares them with those of non-banking institutions, and explores the link between green finance, employee engagement, and ESG risk ratings. Drawing on stakeholder theory and an ethical sustainability governance framework, this content analysis study reveals that Indonesian banks primarily focus on training, labor rights, and diversity as key employee engagement practices. While these practices are consistent across materiality, strategy, and performance, they may not fully capture the nuances of employee engagement in the context of green finance. When compared to non-banking institutions, Indonesian banks exhibit a stronger focus on all employee engagement parameters. However, a potential link between green finance, employee engagement, and ESG risk ratings is not evident. The current ESG rating methodologies may prioritize the quantity and quality of sustainability reporting over the actual implementation of impactful sustainable practices, particularly in employee engagement practices and green finance.
Stop-Lateral Clusters in French and Spanish: Articulatory Timing Differences and Synchronic Patterns
Authors: Colantoni Laura , Kochetov Alexei , Steele Jeffrey
Published: December 2024

While both French and Spanish have complex onsets, the languages differ in the variety and distribution of clusters allowed as well as in the realization of voiced stops. The present study examines the effects of C1 voicing, place of articulation, and language on the production of word-initial /pl bl kl gl/ using a combination of electropalatographic (C1 and C2 linguopalatal contact and timing) and acoustic measures (duration and relative intensity) from 4 French and 7 Spanish speakers. Certain between-language similarities and differences in the effects of voicing and place on intergestural timing were observed. In particular, (1) both languages showed more overlap in clusters where C1 was velar rather than labial; (2) the effect of voicing (more overlap in clusters with a voiced C1) was restricted to French; and (3) lateral duration was unaffected by C1 place or voicing, while C1 duration was strongly affected by stress and voicing in Spanish alone given the approximantization of voiced stops. These results contribute to a better understanding of the general mechanisms and language-specific patterns of intergestural coordination in onset clusters and add to the growing body of articulatory work on these complex structures in Romance languages.
Second Language Motivational Selves and Interactional Pragmatics in Study Abroad: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Lang Jun , Xiao Feng , Zhang Minghua
Published: December 2024

The effects of individual differences factors on second language (L2) pragmatic competence are of interest to researchers because the development of L2 pragmatic competence is directly related to learners’ personal traits and their knowledge of contextual factors. In a study abroad (SA) setting, prior studies have found that despite the abundant learning affordances in an SA context, learners vary in their use of such opportunities, such as social contact, to increase L2 pragmatic competence. A key factor contributing to these varying outcomes is motivation. The most recent model of L2 motivation integrates regulatory focus theory, which combines learners’ L2 self-guides, emotional responses, such as anxiety and enjoyment, and their patterns of eager and vigilant L2 use, all of which are closely linked to L2 achievements. Adopting this integrated model of motivation, this study examined the connections between L2 motivational selves and pragmatic competence in interaction in a study abroad context. Participants were four U.S. learners of Chinese who studied and interned abroad in Fall 2021 and 2022. They completed a role-play task on pragmatics in interaction, a survey on learning background and social contact, a survey on L2 motivational selves, and a semi-structured interview on their study abroad experience. The results indicate that both L2 motivational selves and the quantity and quality of L2 social contact influence interactional pragmatics. We proposed three pedagogical implications related to individual difference factors (e.g., motivation and L2 exposure) to enhance L2 pragmatic learning in an SA context.
HALP Score in Predicting Response to Treatment in Patients with Early-Stage Gastric Cancer: A Multi-Centred Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Köşeci Tolga , Seyyar Mustafa , Aydınalp Camadan Yasemin , Çelik Halil , Mete Burak , Demirhindi Hakan , Eser Kadir , Ata Serdar , Solmaz Ali Alper , Çil Timuçin
Published: December 2024

Background and Objectives: The HALP (Haemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte and Platelet) score is used to predict the prognosis of different types of cancer. This study aimed to investigate the role of the HALP score in predicting pathological response in early-stage gastric cancer patients. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 118 patients diagnosed with early-stage gastric cancer and subjected to perioperative (FLOT) treatment between 2018 and 2023. The role of the HALP score in predicting the pathological response to perioperative treatment in patients was investigated. Results: The mean age of the 118 patients included in the study was 61.3 ± 11.1 (min = 23; max = 86). In the ROC analysis, the optimum cut-off value for the HALP score in pathological response classification was found to be 28.9 (AUC = 0.710, sensitivity = 56.7%, specificity = 80%, PPV = 86.79%, NPV = 46.15%). The pathological response rate was 69% in all patients, 87% in patients with a HALP score ≥ 28.9, and 52% in patients with a HALP score < 28.9 (p < 0.001). The probability of pathological response is 6.5 times higher in patients with a HALP score ≥ 28.9. In the Fagan nomogram, when the HALP score was ≥28.9, our pathological response probability estimate (post-test response probability) was found to increase to 64.8% (Positive Likelihood Ratio = 3, Negative Likelihood Ratio = 0.53). In patients with HALP scores ≥ 28.9 and <28.9, progression rates were 16.7% and 47.8%, respectively (p < 0.001), and median survival times were 45.4 and 30.6 months (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The HALP score is a useful and easily accessible score for determining pathological responses in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer.
Yellowstone Wildfires Increased Stream Ion Concentrations and Export
Authors: Sadler Isabella G. , Tronstad Lusha M. , Fisher Christine , Hall Robert O. , Koel Todd M.
Published: December 2024

Wildfires in the western U.S. have increased in severity and duration in recent decades. Severe wildfires can enhance the rates of nutrient mineralization, causing large exports of inorganic nitrogen and other ions from forests to streams. Measuring the degree to which streams respond to severe, stand-replacing wildfires is critical to estimate in ecosystems prone to disturbance. In 2003, two severe crown wildfires burned in Yellowstone National Park, WY, USA. We studied the extent to which these fires increased nitrogen (ammonium, nitrate and nitrite), sulfate, chloride, and total dissolved phosphorus concentrations and export in three watersheds prior to and during the first four years post-fire. We measured higher concentrations of most ions after wildfire, and nitrate and chloride concentrations increased the most, increasing > 1000 µg/L. Concentrations of nitrate (≤146 times pre-fire concentrations), total dissolved nitrogen (≤11 times), chloride (≤9 times), and total dissolved phosphorus (≤7 times) were higher four years post-fire than before the wildfires burned. Exports of nitrate (≤1392 times), sulfate (≤14 times), and chloride (≤37 times) were also higher after wildfire, while nitrite (≤2.9 times) and ammonium (≤6.4 times) increased to a lesser degree. Stream concentrations of most ions were higher in watersheds that had a larger percent of the area burned. Comparing ion concentrations in streams before and after severe wildfires provides critical information to managers as the climate warms and the frequency of fire-conductive weather increases.
Characterization of the Plasma Generated by a Compact Theta Pinch
Authors: Turiel Sagi , Gribov Alexander , Maler Daniel , Krasik Yakov E.
Published: December 2024

Theta Pinch is one of the promising methods for the generation of hot and dense plasma. In this paper, we describe the results of experimental research on a small-scale Theta Pinch created with Helium or Hydrogen plasmas. Different plasma diagnostics, namely, optical, microwave cut-off, laser interferometry, visible spectroscopy, Thomson scattering, and Laser-Induced Fluorescence were used to characterize the time- and space-resolved evolution of the plasma parameters, and the specific features of these diagnostic results obtained are discussed. The measured plasma density and the electron and ion temperature evolution, obtained by these various diagnostic tools, agree to a satisfactory level. These methods will be applied for studies of the parameters of the plasma in the device that is being developed by the nT-Tao company towards fusion energy.
High-Pressure and High-Temperature Dissolution of Titanium from Titanium and Aluminum Residues: A Comparative Study
Authors: Stopic Srecko , Kostić Duško , Emil-Kaya Elif , Uysal Emircan , Gürmen Sebahattin , Mitrašinović Aleksandar , Perušić Mitar , Friedrich Bernd
Published: December 2024

This study presents a comparative analysis of titanium leaching from tionite (a byproduct of the titanium dioxide production process) and carbothermally reduced red mud (derived from aluminum residues). Tionites from the sulfate process and red mud residue are known for their environmental impacts due to their metal content and acidic/basic nature. This study explored leaching as a method to recover titanium and other metals under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions using sulfuric acid. Experiments were conducted in an autoclave with different parameter changes, like varying oxygen pressure, temperature, and reaction time to optimize metal extraction. The leaching efficiency of titanium was found to be higher in the carbothermal-reduced slag compared to tionite due to the altered mineral phases in the reduced material. XRD and SEM-EDS analyses confirmed the differing leaching behaviors, with titanium compounds in tionite showing greater resistance to dissolution. These findings highlight the importance of thermal pre-treatment for optimizing metal recovery from industrial residues. The main aim of this study is to contribute to the development of sustainable waste management solutions for tionites and red mud, emphasizing the potential of hydrometallurgical methods for metal recovery. The results are expected to inform future research and industrial applications, advancing the recovery of valuable metals while reducing the environmental footprint of titanium and aluminum residue disposal.