bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MORTALIDADE INFANTIL: CORRELAÇÃO DA COBERTURA DE EQUIPES DE SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA EM 2017 E 2018 NO ESTADO DE SANTA CATARINA.
Authors: Laurindo Dione Lúcia Prim , De Souza Sabrina da Silva , Da Cunha Ana Cláudia , Suplici Samara Eliane Rabelo , Zamprogna Katheri Maris
Published: July 2023

Este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar o indicador e sua relação com a cobertura populacional pelas equipes de Saúde da Família nos municípios de Santa Catarina. Método: Estudo transversal que utilizou dados secundários do banco de dados oficiais do Estado de Santa Catarina dos indicadores de Mortalidade infantil e cobertura populacional pelas equipes de Saúde da Família nos anos de 2017 e 2018. Análise descritiva incluindo média, desvio padrão, mediana, percentil 25 e 75, mínimos e máximos para todos os indicadores de estudo e correlação de Spearman.  Resultados: a matriz de correlação dos indicadores demonstrou que não houve correlação significativa entre o indicador de mortalidade infantil e a cobertura da atenção básica nos anos do estudo em Santa Catarina. Ao relacionar o número de municípios que tiveram resultado superior e inferior ao resultado alcançado pelo Estado dos dois indicadores aqui analisados, percebemos que o aumento da cobertura da atenção básica não está diretamente relacionado à diminuição da mortalidade infantil. Conclusão: A análise dos indicadores e suas correlações podem contribuir para o direcionamento de políticas públicas que qualifiquem a rede assistencial e melhorem as condições de vida, sobretudo, para as crianças.
Spatial dynamics of ageing in large urban aglomerations
Authors: Mariano Dota Ednelson , Nascentes Coelho André Luiz , Moraes Rodrigues Rennan , Henrique Freitas Marcone
Published: July 2023

This paper discuss the relationship between population ageing and migratory movements, analyzing from a spatial dynamics of population in large urban agglomerations. We show that the spatial dynamics of ageing in large urban agglomerations is heterogeneous, having as a differentiating element until now the average income of the population and the historical process of urban development, with a tendency to change due to the acceleration of ageing in progress.
Exploring the Value of the Sea: A Study of the Blue Economy in the EU and Portugal
Authors: Sousa Sara , Henriques Carla , Leite Joana
Published: July 2023

This paper examines the concept of the "blue economy" in the context of the European Union (EU) and Portugal, exploring the economic importance of the sea and its resources. First, it provides an overview of the EU blue economy and its contribution to the overall EU economy over the last decade. Data from the European Commission shows that coastal tourism is the most important sector both in terms of Gross Value Added (GVA) and employment, with the four largest EU countries (Spain, Germany, Italy, and France) being the largest contributors to the EU blue economy. In this context, this study aimed to investigate the performance of Portuguese coastal tourism in comparison to other European coastal countries, particularly in relation to the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings show that Portugal's GVA generated by the coastal tourism sector was consistently lower than the respective mean of all other European coastal countries in several years. The statistical tests confirm these results and suggest that Portugal's coastal tourism sector may need more attention and efforts to improve its economic performance.
Twitter
Authors: Furman Lara , Feldin Urh , Predan Anika , Mlinar Ana
Published: July 2023

V tem delu smo se osredotočili na razvoj omrežja od začetka do danes in kako se je spremenilo čez čas. Poleg tega smo ugotavljali tudi osnovne in napredne koncepte, ki so uporabljeni na družbenem mediju Twitter in kako so prikazani in uporabljeni. Raziskali smo napredne koncepte kot so: obogatena resničnost, klepetalni roboti, označevanje lokacije, zasebne skupine, oddajanje v živo in Twitter Fleet. Raziskali smo tudi analitike družbenega medija, torej lastnosti Twitterja. Posamezno metriko smo predstavili s pomočjo formule in jo tudi opisno razložili in aplicirali na družben medij Twitter. V zadnjem poglavju smo predstavili izsledke zbranih člankov. Vsa poglavja skupaj tvorijo celoten pregled družbenega medija in dajejo vpogled v delovanje le-tega.
СОЦИАЛЬНОЕ БЛАГОПОЛУЧИЕ КАК ФЕНОМЕН ОБЩЕСТВА МОДЕРНА
Authors: Александрова Мария Александровна
Published: July 2023

Актуальность работы обусловлена фундаментальным значением социального благополучия вразвитии и процветании социума. В статье анализируется феномен социального благополучия всовременном обществе в контексте социальной философии. Цель: на основе анализа научной литературы обосновать тезис о том, что социальное благополучие является феноменом современногообщества модерна и наиболее полно раскрывается в таких формах бытия, как объективное и субъективное благополучие. Объективные характеристики благополучия выступают в качестве измеримых показателей − экономических, экологических социальных кванторов (таких как уровень образования, занятость населения и пр.) – уровень безопасности, здоровья, политическая  стабильность, здоровья и пр. Субъективные характеристики включают уровень счастья,  удовлетворенность жизнью, личностный рост и развитие, психологическое благополучие, осознание себя частью общества, межличностные взаимоотношения (с семьей, друзьями, в трудовом коллективе) и пр. Методы: методы экспликации и компаративного анализа, исторический, социально-философский. Результаты: проанализировано, что феномен социального благополучия является предметом исследования гуманитарных наук (истории, социологии, философии, психологии). Обосновано, что социальное благополучие − важная доминанта общества модерна, выступающая ресурсом становления отношения человека к своему досугу, счастью, успеху. Социальное благополучие представляет собой диалектическое единство объективного и субъективного благополучия. Выводы: автором реализован научный проект взаимосвязи социального благополучия и досуга. Представлена классификация основных подходов к анализу социального благополучия. Показана диалектическая связь субъективного и объективного социального благополучия, принимающая особые формы взаимодействия с такими явлениями социума, как счастье, досуг, процветание.
A New Ray to Dehydrated Floral Craft-Epoxy Resin Encapsulation Technique
Authors: Gupta Sachi , Singh Shweta , Tewari S.K.
Published: July 2023

Dry flower industry in floriculture is gaining knowledge with the booming floriculture industry in India. Despite poor weather circumstances, the dry flower sector in floriculture gives an excellent chance for farmers to improve their income throughout the year. Dehydration techniques help to maintain the original colour and shape of flowers for long-term use with little care. In addition to that drying of different plant parts epoxy resin encapsulation technique is a novel approach. In this embedding technique beauty of the flower can be cherished forever and able to protect it from dust and other pest. A detailed variation in embedding technique and time between has been mentioned. Farmers can easily earn 2 to 5 times profit from value addition through epoxy resin encapsulation technique. Input cost is reduced by incorporation of priceless house to get higher returns and waste material available with dried flower used to make floral handicrafts.
Gross Morphological and Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of Abomasum of Sheep (Ovis aries) during Pre-natal Life
Authors: Patra Ritun , Mishra Uma Kanta , Palai Santwana , Sahoo Pravas Ranjan , Mohapatra Swagat , Nahak Anil Kumar , Chaudhury Nowel
Published: July 2023

Background: The enzymatic digestion occurs in the abomasum of sheep. A systematic comprehensive study on the embryogenesis of abomasums of sheep is lacking due to availability of sporadic information in current literature. So the current research was designed to explain the detail gross ontogenic occurrences along with scanning electron microscopic study of abomasum in sheep. Methods: From the local slaughter house, 12 healthy sheep foeti of non-descript breed were gathered and grouped into Group I (early pregnancy), Group II (mid pregnancy) and Group III (late pregnancy) having 04 foeti in every group. The abdomen of the foetus was incised and opened. The stomach was exposed and the gross observations were recorded. Then tissue samples from the abomasum were processed for scanning electron microscopic study. Result: The abomasums assumed comma shape at the gestational age of 32 to 48 days. At 67 days of foetus, the external constriction between fundus and pylorus of the abomasum was observed distinctly. In foeti of 32 to 48 days age, it was present between 13th rib and 1st lumbar vertebra. This topography changed to 8th rib and 3rd lumbar vertebra by 121 days of foetal age. The outline of the abomasal folds were noted first at 32 days of age. The height of the abomasal folds in fundus was larger than pylorus. The appearance of gastric pits on the mucosal surface was first observed at 63 days of gestation through scanning electron microscope.
Sporda Mücadele ve Tehdit Algısı Açısından Bilinçli Farkındalığın Önemi
Authors: GÖNCÜ Burcu Sıla , BALCI Burak
Published: July 2023

Yapılan çalışmanın amacı sporcuların bilinçli farkındalık düzeyleri ile sporda sporda mücadele ve tehdit algılarının incelenmesidir. Katılımcı grubunu Doğu Anadolu bölgesinde bulunan ve sporcu geçmişi olan Üniversitede öğrenim gören 230 erkek ve 154 kadın sporcu oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama aracı olarak kişisel bilgi formu, Sporda bilinçli farkındalık Ölçeği ile Sporda Mücadele ve Tehdit Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Verilerin normal dağılım göstermesi nedeniyle iki grubun karşılaştırılmasında t-testi, ikiden fazla grubun karşılaştırmasında one way ANOVA testi, Tukey çoklu karşılaştırma testi ve değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri belirlemek için Pearson Korelasyon analizi uygulanmıştır. Analizler sonucunda, cinsiyet değişkeni bakımından mücadele ve tehdit alt boyutunda erkekler lehine, spor yaşı değişkenine göre bilinçli farkındalık ve tehdit alt boyutlarında 4 yıl ve üzeri spor yapanlar lehine anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Bilinçli Farkındalık düzeyleri ile mücadele alt boyutu arasında orta düzeyde pozitif yönlü ilişki, tehdit alt boyutu arasında ise düşük düzeyde negatif yönlü ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, sporcuların bilinçli farkındalık düzeyleri arttıkça sporda mücadele algılarının arttığını bilinçli farkındalık düzeyleri azaldıkça da tehdit algılarının arttığı söylemektedir.
Chapter 7, Chronic Poverty Report 5 - Pandemic Poverty
Authors: Shepherd Andrew , Diwakar Vidya
Published: July 2023

This is chapter 7 of Chronic Poverty Report 5 - Pandemic Poverty
Análise dos mecanismos de busca de repositórios institucionais de acesso aberto
Authors: Almeida Lucelia da Silva , Dias Thiago Magela Rodrigues
Published: July 2023

Introdução: A comunicação científica em seu novo modelo de atuação, possibilitando o acesso à informação de forma aberta, tem contribuído para que a sociedade recorra as produções científicas de forma facilitada, o que se deu devido a sua disponibilização em periódicos e repositórios institucionais de acesso aberto. A recuperação da informação, em contexto científico, confere acesso a produção intelectual a partir da possibilidade de sua busca em sistemas de recuperação. Objetivo: analisar os sistemas de recuperação da informação (SRI) com base nas ferramentas de busca dos repositórios institucionais brasileiros de teses e dissertações disponibilizados na BDTD e suas bases de dados, comparando-os com os parâmetros estabelecidos pelo IBICT. Metodologia: Realiza pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o tema, pesquisa documental a partir do acesso aos padrões, diretrizes e manuais fornecidos pelo IBICT e estudo de caso a partir da análise dos sistemas de recuperação das bases dos repositórios vinculados a BDTD.  Resultados: Confere que as instituições participantes da BDTD não necessariamente precisam ater-se aos padrões de forma parcial estabelecidos pelo IBICT, sendo necessário apenas que estas atribuam a seus repositórios os padrões de metadados obrigatórios, juntamente com o uso do protocolo OAI-PMH e o uso de tecnologia XML para que ocorra a coleta dos dados para disponibilização no portal nacional da BDTD. Conclusão: os sistemas de recuperação da informação dos repositórios possuem ferramentas tecnológicas e especificações que conferem a navegação nos sistemas por partes dos usuários, contribuindo para a melhor experiência de busca e acesso a informações pertinentes as questões informacionais dos mesmos.
Laboratórios Cidadãos nas universidades federais do Brasil
Authors: Witt Amanda Santos , Umpierre Larissa Weber , Silva Fabiano Couto Corrêa da
Published: July 2023

Introdução: A ciência cidadã favorece a participação social em processos científicos. Este artigo busca investigar os Laboratórios Cidadãos das Universidades Federais do Brasil a partir da perspectiva da ciência cidadã. Objetivo: Mapear os laboratórios cidadãos subsidiados por Universidades Federais do Brasil e analisar o seu escopo de atuação, no intuito de entender o seu papel em termos de inovação social e como promovem a participação dos cidadãos cientistas. Metodologia: Consistiu no levantamento das Universidades Federais do Brasil por meio do site institucional Ministério da Educação, onde foram identificadas sessenta e quatro instituições. A próxima etapa contemplou buscas no site institucional de cada uma das Universidades Federais mapeadas a partir de expressões de busca pré-determinadas. Os parâmetros utilizados para enquadrar as iniciativas como laboratórios cidadãos foram: 1) abertura para a participação social; 2) possibilidade de explorar e se apropriar de tecnologias voltadas para os interesses sociais; 3) foco na aprendizagem; 4) direcionamento para a promoção de inovações sociais. Resultados: A pesquisa possibilitou identificar onze laboratórios cidadãos em Universidades Federais brasileiras, que estão alinhados com temas sociais relevantes e geram benefícios em termos de inovações que podem ser socialmente partilhadas. Conclusão: Os laboratórios cidadãos analisados possibilitam uma aproximação entre a Universidade e a sociedade em geral, mas não detalham como as contribuições sociais dos cidadãos cientistas são incorporadas em suas ações. As iniciativas nesta direção ainda são incipientes no país, mas possuem potencial para impulsionar a participação cidadã na pesquisa científica.
Examining the Impact of Wealth Redistribution through Zakat
Authors: Nayak Venkatesha , Hegde Kavya P.
Published: July 2023

As society considers it, it is scattered with distinct differences. If we highlight this issue, this gap is due to economic instability. Religion never differs between the rich and the poor, but the people who follow the religion will do, so as the fundamental thoughts, religion itself guides on the matter of removing the imbalance in religion in particular and society at large, for which we can find the taxing system in India. At the same time, Islam also proposes the idea of zakat to remove the gap between those who have and those who do not. To examine the idea of which the study was conducted by considering the Karnataka Zakat Trust of Mangaluru City of Karnataka state, as it is a donation that people are making out of their wealth. The information was gathered using a structured interview method, and for the remaining randomly selected 75 samples mail questionnaire was distributed, out of which 62 respondents responded to the study, so the total respondents of the study were 87 beneficiaries of Mangaluru City. This study shows that in the potential and globally recognized Mangaluru City, zakat is working effectively through Karnataka Zakat and Charitable Trust. Here, it is also proposed to claim the rebate for the relief of Islamic followers to make a difference in the country’s policy.
Blood-based biomarkers in the diagnosis of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: research to date and future directions
Authors: Halicki Michal J. , Hind Karen , Chazot Paul L.
Published: July 2023

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease consistently associated with repetitive traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), which makes multiple professions, such as contact sports athletes, especially susceptible to its onset. There are currently no approved biomarkers to diagnose CTE, thus it can only be confirmed through a post-mortem brain autopsy. Several imaging and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers have shown promise in the diagnosis. However, blood-based biomarkers can be more easily obtained and quantified, increasing their clinical feasibility and potential for prophylactic use. This article aimed to comprehensively review the studies into potential blood-based biomarkers of CTE, discussing common themes and limitations as well as suggesting future research directions. While the interest in blood-based biomarkers of CTE has recently increased, the research is still in its early stages. The main issue for many proposed biomarkers is their lack of selectivity for CTE. However, several molecules, such as tau phosphorylated on different epitopes, were able to discern CTE from different neurodegenerative diseases. Further, results from studies of exosomal biomarkers suggest that exosomes are a promising source of biomarkers reflective of the internal environment of the brain. Nonetheless, more longitudinal studies combining imaging, neurobehavioral and biochemical approaches are warranted to establish robust biomarkers of CTE.
Evaluation of Rotational Stability and Stress Shielding of a Stem Optimized for Hip Replacements. A Finite Element Study (FEM)
Authors: Ceddia Mario , Trentadue Bartolomeo
Published: July 2023

The natural distribution of stress in the femur is altered when total hip arthroplasty (THA) is performed. In fact, when a stem is inserted inside the femur, there is a variation in stress due to the difference in rigidity between the material with which the stem is made and the femur. This generates the phenomenon of stress-shielding. The aim of this study is to design an optimized prosthesis that guarantees excellent rotational stability and re-duced stress shielding. Methods: through the finite element method (FEM) the mechanical behavior of the stem subjected to the loads described by ISO 7206-4: 2010 is studied. Re-sults: Through topological optimization, there is a reduction in stress shielding in the proximal zone of 31.46%. The addition of ridges on the dorsal side of the stem also im-proves rotational stability by 27.82%. Conclusions: The decrease in stiffness that is rec-orded with the optimized stem, guarantees a greater distribution of stress on the bone. The presence of dorsal ridges also favors the corticalization of the bone as it loads the bone near the dorsal ensuring further stability. The perforated prosthesis presented in this study, shows an increase in primary stability and an improvement in rotational stability. As there is also a bone regrowth inside the prosthesis.
Exploring the Skin Cosmetic Benefits of Phenolic Compounds and Pigments from Marine Macroalgae: A Novel Green Approach for Sustainable Beauty Solutions
Authors: Kalasariya Haresh S. , Patel Aryushi K. , Suthar Ritul J , Pereira Leonel
Published: July 2023

Marine macroalgae have garnered significant attention in the field of cosmeceutical research due to their rich abundance of bioactive compounds. These compounds offer remarkable skin benefits without inducing any adverse effects on human health, such as cytotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, genotoxicity, mutagenicity, or carcinogenicity. Among the various bioactive compounds found in brown algae, phenolic compounds exhibit diverse chemical structures and are present in high concentrations. In addition to phenolic compounds, brown algae also contain terpenoids, bro-mophenols, mycosporine amino acids (MAAs), and flavonoids, with the well-studied poly-phenol compound, phlorotannin, being particularly prominent. Marine macroalgae further possess an array of pigments derived from their natural pigmentation, including chlorophylls, carotenoids (such as fucoxanthin and β-carotene), phycobiliproteins (such as phycoerythrin and phycocyanin), and melanin. These pigments have been extensively investigated for their potential cos-meceutical applications. The phenolic compounds and pigments derived from marine macroalgae have been thoroughly studied for their beneficial effects on the skin, including skin whitening, moisturizing, photoprotection, anti-aging, anti-wrinkle, anti-melanogenic, and anti-oxidant properties. This comprehensive review aims to explore the extraction, characterization, and skin cosmetic effects of phenolic compounds and pigments derived from marine macroalgae, as documented in the existing literature, thereby enhancing our understanding of their therapeutic potential.
A Study on the Distribution Pattern of Banana Blood Diseases (BDB) and Fusarium Wilt Using Multispectral Aerial Photo and Handheld Spectrometer in Subang-Indonesia
Authors: Wikantika Ketut , Ghazali Mochamad Firman , Dwivany Fenny Martha , Susantoro Tri Muji , Fajri Lissa Nur , Sunarwati Diah , Sutanto Agus
Published: July 2023

Knowledge on the health of banana trees is critical for farmers to profit from banana cultivation. Fusarium wilt and banana blood diseases (BDB), two significant diseases infecting banana trees, are caused by Fusarium oxysporum and Ralstonia syzygii, respectively. They have successfully caused a decline in crop yield as they destroy the trees, starting sequentially from the pseudostem to the fruits. The entire distribution of BDB and Fusarium on a plantation can be understood using advanced geospatial information obtained from multispectral aerial photographs taken using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), combined with the reliable data field of infected trees. Vegetation and soil indices derived from a multispectral aerial photograph, such as normalized difference vegetation index, modified chlorophyll absorption ratio index, normalized difference water index (NDWI) and soil pH, may have to be relied on to explain the precise location of these two diseases. In this study, a random forest algorithm was used to handle a large dataset consisting of two models: the banana diseases multispectral model and the banana diseases spectral model. The results show that the soil indices, soil pH and NDWI are the most important variables for predicting the spatial distribution of these two diseases. Simultaneously, the plantation area affected by BDB is more extensive than that affected by Fusarium, if the variation of planted banana cultivars is not considered.
Detection of Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) Cyber-Attacks in Oil and Gas Process Control Networks using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Obonna Ugochukwu Onyekachi , Opara Felix Kelechi , Mbaocha Christian Chidiebere , Obichere Jude-Kennedy Chibuzo , Akwukwegbu Isdore Onyema , Amaefule Miriam Mmesoma , Nwakanma Cosmas Ifeanyi
Published: July 2023

In recent times, the process control network (PCN) of oil and gas installation has been subjected to amorphous cyber-attacks which include Denial-of-Service (DoS), Distributed-Denial-of-Service (DDoS), Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks, and this may have been caused majorly by the integration of open network to Operation Technology (OT) as a result of low-cost network expansion. The connection of the OT to the internet for firmware updates, third-party support, or vendor interventions, has exposed the industry to attacks. The inability to detect these unpredictable cyber-attacks exposes the PCN and a successful attack can lead to devastating effects. This paper reviews the different forms of cyber-attacks in PCN of oil and gas installations and proposes the use of machine learning algorithms to monitor data exchanges between the sensors, controllers, processes, and the final control elements on the network so as to detect anomalies in such data exchanges. Python 3.0 Libraries, Deep-Learning Toolkit, MATLAB, and Allen Bradley RSLogic 5000 PLC Emulator software were used in the simulation of process control. The outcome of the experiments shows the reliability and functionality of the different machine-learning algorithms in detecting these anomalies with significant precise attack detections identified using a coarse tree algorithm.
Repeated Intravenous Administration of Human Neural Stem Cells Encoding Choline Acetyltransferase Gene Exhibits Anti-ageing Activities Displaying Enhanced Cognitive and Physical Functions
Authors: Kyung Jangbeen , Kim Dajeong , Shin Kyungha , Park Dongsun , Hong Soon-Cheol , Kim Tae Myoung , Choi Ehn-Kyoung , Kim Yun-Bae
Published: July 2023

Ageing may be characterized by progressive loss of cognitive function as well as decrease in physical activities, in addition to change in appearance. Previously, we reported that intracerebroventricular transplantation of a human neural stem cell (NSC) line (F3) over-expressing choline acetyltransferase (F3.ChAT) gene, an enzyme responsible for acetylcholine synthesis, markedly improved cognitive function and physical activity of aged animals by enhancing acetylcholine and growth factors (GFs) and neurotrophic factors (NFs). In the present study, 10-month-old F344 rats were intravenously transplanted with F3 or F3.ChAT NSCs (1 x 106 cells) once a month to 21st month of age when the cumulative mortality reached 20%, and physical activity and learning/memory function were investigated, in addition to the analyses of brain acetylcholine concentration, and cholinergic and dopaminergic system restoration. Neuroprotective and neuroregenerative activities of stem cells were also confirmed by analyzing oxidative damages, neuronal skeletal protein, angiogenesis, brain and muscle weights, and proliferating host stem cells. Stem cells markedly improved both the cognitive (passive avoidance and water-maze performances) and physical (locomotor and rota-rod activities) functions, in parallel with the elevation of acetylcholine levels in cerebrospinal fluid and in muscles, in which F3.ChAT cells were superior to F3 parental cells. Stem cell transplantation down-regulated CCL11, leading to restoration of microtubule-associated protein 2 as well as functional markers of cholinergic and dopaminergic systems, and preserved brain and muscular capillaries, recovering muscle mass. In addition, stem cells enhanced antioxidative capacity, attenuating oxidative damage of multiple organs including muscles and the brain. The results indicate that NSCs over-expressing ChAT gene improve cognitive function and physical activity of ageing animals by protecting and recovering functions of multiple organs including cholinergic and dopaminergic systems as well as muscles from oxidative injuries through secretion of acetylcholine and GFs/NFs, increased antioxidant elements, and enhanced blood flow.
Detection of Two Phylogenetic Clusters in Helicobacter pylori 23S rRNA Phylogeny Suggests Emergence of Two Distinct Phylotype of the Species
Authors: Ng Wenfa
Published: July 2023

Phylogenetic tree analysis is commonly used to understand the evolutionary distance between different species or strains of the same species. This work originally aimed to gain an understanding and visual depiction of the evolutionary distance in 23S rRNA gene of different Helicobacter pylori strains. Using an in-house MATLAB multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree analysis software, the phylogenetic tree constructed for 23S rRNA gene reveals two major lineages with further subdivisions in each cluster. This suggests two major evolutionary forces driving the evolution of the 23S rRNA gene. In comparison, there is relatively short evolutionary distance in the 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic tree of H. pylori, suggesting lack of major evolutionary forces driving mutational changes of the gene. Overall, the data suggests that the large ribosome subunit which houses the 23S rRNA of H. pylori is undergoing significant conformational changes that may be a response to the frequent use of various antibiotics that target the ribosome of H. pylori.
The Chloroplast Genome of a V. amygdalina Specie Isolated from Awka, Nigeria: Comparative and Phylogenetic Analysis
Authors: Nworji Ogechukwu , Ogana Joy , Orji Ejike , ohanenye ikenna , Ezeigwe Obiajulu , Enemor Azubuike
Published: July 2023

Vernonia amygdalina is an important nutritional and medicinal plant that is used to treat various diseases such as malaria and diabetes in Nigeria. In this study, we sequenced, assembled, and annotated the complete nucleotide sequence of the chloroplast genome of a V. amygdalina species isolated in Awka, Nigeria. The chloroplast genome is 153 149 bp in length and has a conserved structure that includes the LSC (84261 bp) region, the SSC (13152 bp) region, and the IR (27868 bp) regions. A total of 131 genes were identified, including 86 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Comparative analysis of the genome revealed species variations in the LSC region associated with the geographical location of the V. amygdalina plant. Phylogenetic analysis of the chloroplast genomes using FastTree showed that V. amygdalina clustered closest to the chloroplast of the Crepidiastrum genus. This study identifies the characteristics of the V. amygdalina chloroplast genome, which will improve our understanding of intraspecies diversity and the identification of potential molecular markers to determine geographical origin.
Striking the Balance: An In-depth Examination of the Blended Learning Challenges for Students, Teachers, and Parents
Authors: Eslit Edgar R.
Published: July 2023

Blended learning, the integration of online and face-to-face instruction, has garnered attention in education. This paper aims to explore challenges in blended learning faced by students, teachers, and parents and propose mitigating strategies. The study employed qualitative research methods and involved 30 participants from St. Michael's College. Findings revealed primary challenges, including technical difficulties, time management, lack of interaction, and varying digital literacy levels. These challenges influenced engagement, communication, and student achievement. The study utilized a theoretical framework encompassing Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Social Presence Theory, and Activity Theory. Strategies recommended comprise providing technical support, promoting communication and collaboration, offering professional development, and leveraging learning analytics. The study contributes to the existing literature by identifying specific challenges and proposing practical recommendations for enhancing blended learning effectiveness. Limitations include a small sample size and context-specific findings. Future research should investigate these challenges in broader settings and examine the long-term effects of the recommended strategies. Addressing blended learning challenges can empower educators, administrators, and policymakers to create supportive and effective learning environments for all stakeholders involved.
Pseudomonas PA14H7: Identification of 7-Hydroxytropolone Iron Complex as a Potential Antagonist against Dickeya, the Causal Agent of Blackleg on Potato Plant
Authors: Munier-Lépinay Euphrasie , Mathiron David , Quéro Anthony , Khelifa Mounia , Laclef Sylvain , Pilard Serge
Published: July 2023

Soft Rot Pectobacteriaceae (SRP) bacteria as Pectobacterium and Dickeya are phytopathogenic agents responsible of blackleg disease on several crop as potato, affecting the yield and depressing the seed production quality. However, neither conventional nor biocontrol product are available on the market to control this disease. In this study Pseudomonas PA14H7, a bacteria isolated from potato rhizosphere, was selected as a potential antagonist agent against Dickeya. In order to understand the mechanism involved in this antagonism we managed to identify the main active(s) molecule(s) produced by PA14H7. In that way, cell-free supernatant (CFS) of PA14H7 cultures were extracted and analyzed by LC-MS, GC-MS and NMR. We have correlated biological activity in extracted CFS-PA14H7 to the presence of 7-hydroxytropolone (7-HT) complexed with iron. Even if this molecule is produced by other Pseudomonas and mostly known for its antibacterial and antifungal activities, it is the first description of its involvement as an effective molecule against pectinolytic bacteria. We have synthesized 7-HT in order to determine the real amount produced by PA14H7 and to compare its activity at the same concentration with that of CFS-PA14H7. This study aims to understand the origin of the antagonist activity of PA14H7 as a potential biocontrol agent against potato blackleg.
Rapamycin Induced Autophagy in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modulates Cell Survival After Transplantation in a Rat Model with Cisplatin-Induced Ovarian Toxicity via Deactivation of the mTOR Pathway
Authors: Sarhan Amira , Shokeir Ahmed A. , Saleh Saleh A , Adly Heba M. , Sindi Ikhlas A , Eldesoqui Mamdouh , El-Sherbiny Mohamed , Awadalla Amira , Aboualnaga Amoura M
Published: July 2023

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the impact of preconditioning adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) with the autophagy inducer rapamycin (Rapa) on Cisplatin (Cis) induced ovarian toxicity in a rat model.
Methods: ADMSCs were pretreated with 50 nmol/L rapa for two h in vitro. Another in vivo study included 96 female Sprague-Dawley rats divided into four equal groups: control, Cis, Cis +ADMSCs, and Cis +ADMSCs + Rapa. Rats were sacrificed after 2 and 6 weeks. Each group was subdivided into two equal subgroups: 6 rats were sacrificed to study ovarian parameters, and six were left for mating to evaluate the fertility index.
Results: Autophagy activation was detected in ADMSCs + Rapa by increasing autophagosomes, high autophagy-specific LC3-II gene and protein expression, and low expression of p62 and mTOR genes. Moreover, transplantation of ADMSCs + Rapa restored balance between E2, FSH, and LH, increased antioxidant activity, and improved follicular count and quality after 2 and 6 weeks of treatment. Fertility index analysis manifested restoring reproductive capacity in the ADMSCs+ Rapa group at both intervals.
Conclusions: Autophagy induction could enhance the therapeutic capability of ADMSCs by deactivating the mTOR pathway, which in turn promotes the ovarian folliculogenesis process after exposure to Cis.
Development and in Vitro−in Vivo Correlation Evaluation of IMM-H014 Extended–Release Tablets for the Treatment of Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Zhang Chi , Shao Huihui , Han Zunsheng , Liu Bo , Feng Jing , Zhang Jie , Zhang Wenxuan , Zhang Kun , Yang Qingyun , Wu Song
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to develop extended–release tablets containing 25 mg IMM−H014, an original drug formulated by a direct powder pressing method based on pharmaceutical–grade hydrophilic matrix polymers, such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, to establish an in vitro−in vivo corre-lation (IVIVC) to predict bioavailability. The tablets’ mechanical properties and in vitro and in vivo performance were studied. The formulation was optimized using a single factor experiment and the reproducibility was confirmed. The in vitro dissolution profiles of the tablet were de-termined in five dissolution media, in which the drug released from the hydrophilic tablets fol-lowed Ritger–Peppas model kinetics in 0.01 N HCl medium for the first 2 h, and in phosphate buffer saline medium (pH 7.5) for further 24 h. Accelerated stability studies (40°C, 75% relative humidity) proved that the optimal formulation was stable for 6 months. The in vivo pharmaco-kinetics study in beagle dogs showed that compared to the IMM−H014 immediate release prep-aration, the maximum plasma concentration of the extended release (ER) preparation was sig-nificantly decreased, while the maximum time to peak and mean residence time were significantly prolonged. The relative bioavailability was 97.9% based on an area under curve, indicating that the optimal formulation has an obvious ER profile. And a good IVIVC was established, which could be used to predict in vivo pharmacokinetics from the formulation composition.
Mission Drift i.e. Sustainability vs Outreach: Empirical evidence from Microfinance Institutions in India.
Authors: Beg Kashif , B.Padmapriya Dr , Ahmad Md. Moneef , Tanzeem Raza M.
Published: July 2023

Microfinance banks and Institutions must simultaneously provide micro financial loans to unprivileged and poor people as well as self-sustaining, which means covering enough costs to eliminate the need for subsidies. To ascertain if Micro-finance Institutions can successfully navigate the double challenge of financial self-sustainability (FSS) as well as outreach to poor clientele and women borrowers i.e. outreach. There is no other alternative but to analyse the balance between FSS and outreach indicators of MFIs. The research goal is to see whether there was any compromise between the self-sustainability and outreach towards poor and female customers. The study used data of 100 MFIs driven from the database of microfinance information’s exchange (MIX) market with the objective to determine trade off between financial sustainability and outreach. The study found financial performance variables are positively and significantly related with average loans size which shows a mission drift, in which MFIs serve wealthy clientele. However, Indian MFIs have a extremely high outreach with their female clientele, confirming MFI's social commitment to objective of women’s empowerment. The research recommends to the Policy-makers that MFIs are compromising their financial services to underprivileged people and women in order to be financially sustainable. To guarantee that institutions are focused on outreach to underserved people in rural areas, the government should reform the policies regarding governing MFIs.
Pediatric Neurology Workforce in Saudi Arabia: A 5-Year Update
Authors: Bamaga Ahmed K. , Alyazidi Anas S. , Almubarak Albatool , Almohammal Mohammad N. , Alharthi Ayidh S. , Alsehemi Matar A.
Published: July 2023

Background: The medical workforce plays a pivotal role in advancing human health, particularly within the healthcare system of Saudi Arabia. While the government-employed healthcare providers form the central structure of the system and offer free healthcare services, the private healthcare sector is also witnessing significant growth. In parallel, the field of child neurology has experienced notable transformations in recent years, with continued expansion. This expansion brings forth a range of challenges for both current and future pediatric neurologists, necessitating careful consideration and proactive measures to address them. Aim of the study: This study aims to analyze the current challenges faced by the pediatric neurology workforce. Methods: In May 2023, a community-based exploratory study was conducted involving 82 practicing pediatric neurologists as well as pediatric neurology trainees across the 13 regions of Saudi Arabia. A comprehensive 26-item questionnaire, divided into four sections, was utilized to assess the participants. Results: The survey received responses from a total of 82 pediatric neurologists in Saudi Arabia (response rate 55.03%), with 38 (46.34%) being male and 44 (53.66%) being female. The mean age was 33±1.225 years. The majority of participants practiced in major cities such as Riyadh and Jeddah. Around two-thirds had published three or fewer research articles. Approximately 30% were enrolled in a fellowship program. Nearly 50% of pediatric neurologists experienced some form of delay in obtaining their first job, ranging from 1 to 36 months. Conclusion: The landscape of the pediatric neurology workforce is currently witnessing noteworthy demographic shifts. With a majority of practitioners concentrated in major cities, there exists an ongoing demand for qualified professionals in peripheral areas. The study underscores the real-life challenges faced by pediatric neurologists, particularly the delay in securing employment after graduation, and underscores the critical importance of addressing these persistent issues along the journey of pediatric neurology.
The Influences of Psychomotor Behaviors on Learning Some Swimming Styles (Front Crawl, Backstroke) in 6–9-Year-Old Children
Authors: Petrea Renato Gabriel , Moraru Cristina-Elena , Popovici Ileana Monica , Știrbu Ilie Cătălin , Radu Liliana Elisabeta , Chirazi Marin , Rus Cristian Mihail , Oprean Alexandru , Rusu Oana
Published: July 2023

The aim of the study was to identify the existence of positive relationships between certain psychomotor behaviors, which we consider specific to swimming, and learning the execution technique of some styles (front crawl and backstroke). The study was carried out during 10 months, including 76 children (40 boys and 36 girls) aged between 6-9 years who practice recreational swimming in a Romanian city. Several tests were used: Tapping test for manual dexterity and laterality, the Goudenough test for body schema, the Flamingo test for static balance, the horizontal buoyancy test for body balance on the water. Results indicated better ratings on all psychomotor behaviors analyzed by gender (in favor of girls compared to boys), except for laterality. The levels of all analyzed psychomotor behaviors are directly proportional to the age of the subjects. Also, moderate positive correlations of manual dexterity (rs = 0.63 in front crawl; rs = 0.57 in backstroke) and strong correlations were identified for body scheme, laterality, static balance and buoyancy, coordination with the learning of the two styles of swimming (r or rs between 0.77 and 0.85). In conclusion, psychomotor behaviors can be predictors for learning swimming styles.
Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Activity of Herbal Lipospheres of Pentaclethra macrophylla (Fabaceae) Stem Bark Extract
Authors: Nnamani Petra Obioma , Diovu Edith Obioma , Peter Ikechukwu Emmanuel , Onwuka Akachukwu Marytheresa , Ogbbuanwu Chiamaka Victory , Abonyi Obiora Emmanuel , Loretz Brigitta , Lehr Claus- Michael
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Inflammation of various degrees is common among humans. There are associated side effects with orthodox delivery systems and anti-inflammatory agents hence the study investigated the characteristics of herbal lipospheres and the anti-inflammatory potency of the lipospheres formulated from Pentaclethra macrophylla with the view to having a drug with a better delivery system and lesser side effects.Methods: Herbal lipospheres were formulated using solidified reverse micellar solutions (SRMS) of P90H and goat fat and characterized for particle size and morphology, pH – time dependent analysis, encapsulation efficiency (EE%) and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy. The in vitro antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory study were carried out using membrane stabilization by hypotonicity induced haemolysis and determination of anti-platelet aggregatory activity models. The in-vivo anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory studies on egg albumin and formaldehyde induced arthritis models were done. Total white blood cell count and differential blood count were carried out on the rats. Results: The results showed that there was no change in pH for the PM unloaded lipospheres and 2.5g of PM-loaded lipospheres from Day 1 to Day 7, but mild variation in the rest of the formulations. The EE ranged from 35.2% to 94% increasing according to the drug concentration. The photomicrographs of the lipospheres showed that the particles were spherical in shape. The particle sizes were within the acceptable range for lipospheres. FTIR showed no interaction. In the arthritis study, PM-loaded lipospheres inhibited edema consistently throughout the duration of observation. Inhibition of membrane increased steadily with an increase in concentration of PM in the lipospheres and the standard drug. The platelet aggregatory inhibition decreased steadily with an increase in concentration of the PM in the lipospheres as well as the standard. The T50 dose of PM had the highest percentage of WBC and it decreased as the treatment doses increased from T100 to T200. There was no significant differences among the Neutrophil counts of the different groups.Conclusion: The study, therefore, showed that the methanol extract of Pentaclethra macrophylla formed efficient herbal lipospheres with antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities.
Anxiety among Migrants - Questions for Agent Simulation
Authors: Nallur Vivek
Published: July 2023

This paper starts with hypothesis (and presents some evidence) that anxiety in migrants is sufficiently important to be modelled. It presents a small (and very incomplete) review of emotion modelling in literature. It asks the question of how to translate these into agent-based modelling, and whether this can be orthogonal to specific modelling of goals and capabilities of agents. This short paper is offered as a motivator for discussion, rather than a discussion of results.
Association of Thymidylate Synthase (TS) Gene Polymorphisms with Incidence and Prognosis of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Kim Jung Oh , Ryu Chang Soo , Lee Jeong Yong , Ko Eun Ju , Ha Yong Hyun , Sung Jung Hoon , Hwang Tae Sun , Kim In Jai , Kim Nam Keun
Published: July 2023

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a prevalent cardiovascular condition characterized by the accumulation of plaque within coronary arteries. This plaque accumulation obstructs blood flow to the heart, resulting in a heart attack. While distinct features of CAD have been identified, its causes remain largely unclear, with the exception of environmental and nutritional factors. This study aimed to investigate the connection between genetic factors and CAD, focusing on the thymidylate synthase (TS) gene, a gene involved in one-carbon metabolism. Therefore, our research targeted single nucleotide polymorphisms that could potentially impact TS gene expression and lead to dysfunction. Our findings strongly associate the TS 1100T>C and 1170A>G genotypes with CAD susceptibility. We observed that TS 1100T>C polymorphisms increased disease susceptibility in several groups, while the TS 1170A>G polymorphism displayed a decreasing trend for disease risk when interacting with clinical factors. Furthermore, our results demonstrate the potential contribution of the TS 1100/1170 haplotypes to disease susceptibility, indicating a synergistic interaction with clinical factors in disease occurrence. Based on these findings, we propose that polymorphisms in the 3'-UTR miRNA binding site of the TS gene could serve as clinically useful biomarkers for the prevention, prognosis, and management of CAD.
p53R248Q Induces Invasion and Migration Through Overexpression of miR-182-5p in Cancer
Authors: Madrigal Tzitzijanik , Ortega-Bernal Daniel , Herrera Luis A , González De La Rosa Claudia Haydée , Domínguez-Gómez Guadalupe , Aréchaga-Ocampo Elena , Díaz-Chávez José
Published: July 2023

Some p53 mutants lose their tumor suppressor activity and acquire new oncogenic functions, known as a gain of function. Recent studies have shown that p53 mutants can exert oncogenic effects through specific miRNAs. We identified the differentially expressed miRNA profiles of the three most frequent p53 mutants (p53R273C, p53R248Q, and p53R175H) in the Saos-2 cell line (null p53) transfected as compared with p53WT transfected cells. The association between these miRNAs and the signaling pathways in which they might participate was performed through the miRPath Software. QRT-PCR was employed to validate the miRNAs profiles. In addition, we explored if the induction of cell migration and invasion by the p53R48Q mutant was dependent on the miR-182-5p. We observed that p53 mutants have an overall negative effect on miRNA expression. Likewise, we found miRNAs differentially expressed associated with regulating Oncogenic signaling pathways. We found overexpression of miR-182-5p, which is associated with processes such as cell migration and invasion. Inhibition of mutant p53R248Q and miR-182-5p increased FOXF2-MTSS1 levels and decreased cell migration and invasion. Our results suggest that p53 mutants increase the expression of miR-182-5p, and this miRNA is also necessary to induce cell migration and invasion by the p53R248Q mutant in a cancer cell model.