bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OXIDATIVE STRESS AND REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION: Reactive oxygen species in the mammalian pre-implantation embryo
Authors: Deluao Joshua C , Winstanley Yasmyn , Robker Rebecca L , Pacella-Ince Leanne , Gonzalez Macarena B , McPherson Nicole O
Published: September 2022

In brief

Reactive oxygen species are generated throughout the pre-implantation period and are necessary for normal embryo formation. However, at pathological levels, they result in reduced embryo viability which can be mediated through factors delivered by sperm and eggs at conception or from the external environment.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) occur naturally in pre-implantation embryos as a by-product of ATP generation through oxidative phosphorylation and enzymes such as NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase. Biological concentrations of ROS are required for crucial embryonic events such as pronuclear formation, first cleavage and cell proliferation. However, high concentrations of ROS are detrimental to embryo development, resulting in embryo arrest, increased DNA damage and modification of gene expression leading to aberrant fetal growth and health. In vivo embryos are protected against oxidative stress by oxygen scavengers present in follicular and oviductal fluids, while in vitro, embryos rely on their own antioxidant defence mechanisms to protect against oxidative damage, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione and glutamylcysteine synthestase. Pre-implantation embryonic ROS originate from eggs, sperm and embryos themselves or from the external environment (i.e. in vitro culture system, obesity and ageing). This review examines the biological and pathological roles of ROS in the pre-implantation embryo, maternal and paternal origins of embryonic ROS, and from a clinical perspective, we comment on the growing interest in combating increased oxidative damage in the pre-implantation embryo through the addition of antioxidants.
Inhibition of METTL5 improves preimplantation development of mouse somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos
Authors: Zhang Luchun , Yuan Meng , Huang Xingwei , Cao Qianzi , Huang Shaogang , Sun Ruizhen , Lei Lei
Published: September 2022

In brief

Several factors affect the reprogramming efficiency of nuclear transfer embryos. This study shows that inhibiting 18S rRNA m6A methyltransferase METTL5 during nuclear transfer can improve the developmental rate of nuclear transfer embryos.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most important epigenetic modifications in eukaryotic RNAs, which regulates development and diseases. It is identified by several proteins. Methyltransferase-like 5 (METTL5), an enzyme that methylates 18S rRNA m6A, controls the translation of proteins and regulates pluripotency in embryonic stem cells. However, the functions of METTL5 in embryonic development have not been explored. Here, we found that Mettl5 was upregulated in somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos compared with normal fertilized embryos. Therefore, we hypothesized that METTL5 knockdown during the early stage of SCNT would improve the developmental rate of SCNT embryos. Notably, injection of Mettl5 siRNA (si-Mettl5) into enucleated oocytes during nuclear transfer increased the rate of development and the number of cells in blastocysts. Moreover, inhibition of METTL5 reduced the activity of phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6, decreased the levels of the repressive histone modification H3K27me3 and increased the expression of activating histone modifications H3K27ac and H3K4me3 and mRNA levels of some 2-cell-specific genes. These results expand our understanding of the role of METTL5 in early embryonic development and provide a novel idea for improving the efficiency of nuclear transfer cloning.
The pH behavior of seventeen deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Skulcova Andrea , Russ Albert , Jablonsky Michal , Sima Jozef
Published: September 2022

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are a unique category of green solvents that have gained attention in biomass processing due to their distinctive properties not offered by traditional solvents. The pH behavior of 17 selected DESs along with their temperature dependence on pH were evaluated in this study. For all investigated DESs, a temperature increase caused a decrease in pH value.
Acetone–butanol–ethanol fermentation of non-detoxified dilute acid extracted hemicellulosic hydrolysate from the short-rotation coppice Salix schwerinii E. Wolf
Authors: Kuittinen Suvi , Yang Ming , Kaipiainen Erik , Villa Aki , Keinänen Markku , Vepsäläinen Jouko , Pappinen Ari
Published: September 2022

The dilute acid-catalyzed extraction of hemicellulosic monosaccharides from the short-rotation coppice Salix schwerinii E. Wolf was optimized to find a balance between the yields of fermentable monosaccharides and sugar degradation products for non-detoxified acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation with Clostridium acetobutylicum. At the same time, the cellulosic and lignin fractions were kept as intact as possible for further refining. The highest xylose and glucose yields in the liquid prehydrolysate were 65% and 9.45% of their respective original content at a combined severity of 2.29. Increased concentrations of glucose and sugar degradation products in the liquid prehydrolysates were detected with an increasing pretreatment temperature and combined severity, while the acid-insoluble lignin remained stable. During the fermentation of the non-detoxified liquid prehydrolysate with grain starch as the supplement, 66% of the xylose was utilized, and the butanol and acetone-butanol-ethanol yields were 0.22 g/g and 0.35 g/g monosaccharides, respectively, in the fermentation medium. The results suggested that the hemicellulose in S. schwerinii can be separately extracted as a side stream and utilized for butanol fermentation with starch-based materials without a separate detoxification stage.
Ukrainian industry in the world "landscape": trends in the context of long-term development objectives
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of NAS of Ukraine, Zbarazska Larysa
Published: September 2022

The article presents results of a scientific and analytical study of the main trends in the Ukrainian industry, which characterize the features of its functioning and development in the last two decades against the background of similar processes in the world. The main accents are made on the analysis of the compliance of tendencies in Ukraine with the world and European trends of dynamic and structural development of industry. The processes of implementation in the national industry of the SDG-9 sectoral goal as a set of tasks within the framework of the concept of sustainable and inclusive development of manufacturing have also been studied. For comparative analytical studies, information and analytical resources of recognized international institutions were used, which systematically carry out constant monitoring and rating assessments of the current state and development of processes in the world economy on general methodological principles. It has been established that currently the industry of Ukraine is dominated mainly by short-term trends, which are formed and quickly change under the influence of market fluctuations. Starting from 2013, the leading role in accelerating the negative phenomena is played by the foreign policy factor – the military aggression of the Russian Federation. A factor that significantly worsens the current state of competitiveness and the potential for long-term industrial development of Ukraine is the decline of high-tech industries share in the manufacturing industry. This led to a decrease in the pace and relative volumes of value added creation in Ukrainian industry in comparison with global and regional indicators. Based on the data of well-known world ratings (CIP, SDG), the most problematic areas of the national industry were identified in the context of solving priority tasks of long-term development in conditions of accelerating technological transformations. Strategic directions are proposed that should fall into the focus of a long-term state industrial policy – structural development, stable internal demand, balanced exports.
Long-term factors and trends in the development of the Ukrainian chemical industry
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of NAS of Ukraine, Shevtsova Hanna
Published: September 2022

The chemical industry is an important industrial sector of the global economy and one of the main drivers of its innovative development. Today, the industry is searching for answers to modern climate, energy and technological challenges, working out the sectoral features of the digital transition, implementation of the sustainability paradigm. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current state of the Ukrainian chemical industry and define the prospects for its development under the influence of key long-term factors and trends. We demonstrate that the national chemical sector is in a long-term downward trend caused by structural imbalances and a deep crisis of the long-standing model of chemical manufacturing. At the same time, several new positive trends and growth points, which can become the basis of the long-term development of Ukrainian chemical production, are evolving. The author's conceptual approach to determining factors and trends in the development of the Ukrainian chemical industry includes: (1) highlighting of the great cross-industry importance of chemical production as a system-forming factor, (2) researching of key global megatrends and their influence as long-term national factors, (3) considering of internal and external dimensions of transformations, (4) analyzing of trend synergy and cross-industry synergy, (5 ) identifying of specific priorities by industry segments. The driving power for long-term transformations of the chemical business is the mutually reinforcing influence of two global megatrends – the development of technologies of the fourth industrial revolution and the achievement of sustainable development goals. The long-term guidelines for the development of the Ukrainian chemical industry are related to digitalization, customization, circularity, climate neutrality, resource efficiency and cross-sectoral integration. In this work, based on the analysis of the current state of the national chemical industry and its different segments, as well as the identification of determinants of long-term development, we outline several trends that have a long-term potential for implementation in Ukraine. These include such trends as creating of small-tonnage production of differentiated chemicals with an innovative component and import substitution potential; deepening the interaction of chemical manufacturers with consumers using digital platforms; developing of regional innovation ecosystems, boosting cluster initiatives and designing of smart specialization strategies with an emphasis on cross-industry integration; decarbonization, increasing of bio-based products, deepening of other ecological and safety components of production and consumption of chemicals; reforming the system of technical regulation of production and circulation of chemicals in accordance with the requirements of the European Union.
Changes in the regulatory and legal field of the social and labor sphere in the conditions of martial law: problems and prospects for improvement
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Novikova Olga , Ostafychuk Yaroslav ,   Ptoukha Institute for Demography and Social Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Ukraine, Novak Iryna ,   Ptoukha Institute for Demography and Social Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Ukraine
Published: September 2022

The full-scale military aggression against Ukraine led to a massive disruption of value chains, a reduction of jobs, rising unemployment and labor emigration. Legislative initiatives to counteract the socio-economic consequences of the war are insufficiently effective. The purpose of the article is to evaluate the changes in labor and tax legislation during the martial law and to determine the prospects for its improvement. It was found that changes in labor legislation in Ukraine are based on the ideology of neoliberalism, mainly reflect the interests of employers and significantly limit the rights of employees. This increases the risks of the destruction of established institutions of social and labor relations, the losses from which, by analogy with the Syrian conflict, may exceed the losses from the destruction of physical capital. Directions for improving the legislation are proposed, special attention is paid to the rules on the suspension of the employment contract. It is emphasized the need to find a new format of interaction between the state and institutions of the labor sphere, appropriate adaptation of social and labor relations, using the possibilities of digitalization. The impact of changes in tax legislation on employment is analyzed. It was established that the policy of supporting the economy, the key instrument of which is tax benefits, does not sufficiently contribute to the preservation of employment. Based on the study of the international experience of combating economic shocks, a vision of a policy to support the economy is proposed, which should combine measures to preserve jobs, benefits for subjects of economic activity, and liquidity support. The international experience of implementing job preservation schemes, which in EU countries have become one of the main tools for business support during the COVID-19 pandemic, is considered. Conclusions about the relevance of researching the possibilities of their use in Ukraine with the involvement of EU funds were made. Appropriate proposals for authorities have been formulated.
“Diffusion of innovations”: a feasibility study on the pericapsular nerve group block in the emergency department for hip fractures
Authors: Ramachandran Anirudh , Montenegro Michelle , Singh Maninder , Dixon Trevor , Kayani Waqas , Liang Timothy , Yu Nick , Reddy Srinivas , Liveris Anna , Manyapu Mallika , McEwan Alyssia A. , Nguyen Vincent T. , Sonenthal Nechama V. , Corbo Jill , Friedman Benjamin W. , Sperling Jeremy , Jones Michael P. , Halperin Michael
Published: September 2022

Objective Hip fractures are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve blocks are a safe method to manage pain and decrease opioid usage. The pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block is a novel, potentially superior block because of its motor-sparing effects. Through training, simulation, and supervision, we aim to determine whether it is feasible to perform the PENG block in the emergency department.Methods Phase 1 consisted of emergency physicians attending a workshop to demonstrate ultrasound proficiency, anatomical understanding, and procedural competency using a low-fidelity model. Phase 2 consisted of a prospective, observational, feasibility study of 10 patients with hip fractures. Pain scores, side effects, and opioid usage data were collected.Results The median pain score at time 0 (time of block) was 9 (interquartile range [IQR], 6.5–9). The median pain score at 30 minutes was 4 (IQR, 2.0–6.8) and 3.5 (IQR, 1.0–4.8) at 4 hours. All 10 patients required narcotics prior to the initiation of the PENG block with a median dosage of 6.25 morphine milligram equivalents (MME; IQR, 4.25–7.38 MME). After the PENG block, only 30% of the patients required further narcotics with a median dosage of 0 MME (IQR, 0–0.6 MME) until operative fixation.Conclusion In this feasibility study, PENG blocks were safely administered by trained emergency physicians under supervision. We demonstrated data suggesting a trend of pain relief and decreased opiate requirements, and further investigation is necessary to measure efficacy.
Pensando o multiculturalismo
Authors: Camati Odair
Published: September 2022

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar as teorias de Charles Taylor e Will Kymlicka no que tange ao multiculturalismo, especialmente quando estiverem em questão sociedades liberais e democráticas. Pretendemos refletir acerca da dicotomia entre liberais e comunitaristas mostrando como, em alguns aspectos, as vertentes teóricas em questão podem ser aproximadas. Isso nos permitirá oferecer respostas mais consistentes aos problemas multiculturais que podem ser resumidos da seguinte forma: na difícil conciliação entre reconhecimento das particularidades culturais e o desenvolvimento de elementos normativos capazes de avaliar as mais diversas práticas culturais. Dessa maneira vamos nos perguntar: como equilibrar o reconhecimento daquelas práticas e valores mais fundamentais para uma determinada cultura com princípios válidos universalmente? O artigo se propõe a apresentar uma possível saída para pensar esse problema através de três encaminhamentos teóricos: a) uma maior valorização do contexto de escolha; b) além da defesa de um liberalismo brando; e, por fim, c) de uma nova compreensão da neutralidade estatal.
Influence of COVID-19 on the company's reinvestment in employee education and training
Authors: Čemerková Šárka , Pokorná Pavla , Malátek Vojtěch
Published: September 2022

This article deals with the results of two independent primary research studies in the field of the reinvestment activities of companies aimed at supporting employee education and training. Attention is focused on the reinvestment activities of companies and the direction of investment funds to individual areas with an emphasis on employee education and training. The article compares the situation before and after the first wave of the Corona crisis in the Czech Republic. Information on the structure and volume of corporate reinvestment is presented, as is information on reinvestment in employee development through selected training methods. The chi-square test was used for statistical analyses.
KARAKTERISTIK MUTU MINYAK IKAN BANDENG DENGAN PENAMBAHAN ANTIOKSIDAN BHT DAN ASAM ASKORBAT DALAM MAKRO KAPSUL
Authors: Permadi Aef , Siregar Resmi R , Astuti Widi , Dharmayanti Niken , Sumandiarsa I Ketut , Sayuti Mohammad , Nurbani Siti Zachro , Rini Nofi Sulistyo , Handoko Yudi Prasetyo
Published: September 2022

Ikan Bandeng merupakan ikan yang populer dikalangan masyarakat karena memiliki citarasa yang gurih dan enak. Ikan Bandeng mengandung 20,53% protein dan 6,73% lemak, sehingga digolongkan sebagai ikan berprotein tinggi dan berlemak sedang . Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan antioksidan BHT 0,02% dan BHT + Asam askorbat (3:1) dengan konsentrasi 0,02% terhadap mutu minyak ikan bandeng. Minyak Ikan bandeng yang telah dikapsul, disimpan pada suhu ruang dan dilakukan pengujian mutu yang meliputi pengujian Asam Lemak Bebas, Bilangan Peroksida, Bilangan Iod. Pengujian Asam Lemak Bebas (ω-3,6 dan 9), Bilangan Peroksida, dan Bilangan Iod dilakukan setiap 4 hari sekali. Hasil pengamatan mutu minyak ikan selama 56 hari yang meliputi pengujian Kandungan Asam Lemak Bebas di peroleh data bahwa kenaikan yang sama terjadi pada tiga perlakuan hingga hari ke-24, sedangkan minyak ikan dengan penambahan BHT 0,02% mengalami laju kenaikan yang lebih lambat daripada minyak ikan dengan penambahan antioksidan BHT + Asam askorbat. Bilangan peroksida pada ketiga perlakuan mengalami trend kenaikan yang berbeda pada minyak ikan penambahan BHT 0,02% masih memenuhi standar hingga hari ke-24 sedangkan pada minyak ikan dengan penambahan antioksidan BHT + Asam askorbat hanya memenuhi standar hingga hari ke-12, sedangkan pada minyak ikan tanpa penambahan antioksidan 0% (kontrol) sudah mengalami kenaikan sejak penyimpanan pada hari ke-4. Bilangan Iod pada ketiga perlakuan tidak menunjukan perbedaan baik pada minyak ikan BHT 0,02%, BHT + Asam askorbat maupun minyak ikan 0% (kontrol).
STAPLED HEMORRHOIDOPEXY: RESULTS, LATE COMPLICATIONS, AND DEGREE OF SATISFACTION AFTER 16 YEARS OF FOLLOW-UP
Authors: SOBRADO Carlos Walter , SOBRADO Lucas Faraco , OBREGON Carlos Almeida , VILLELA Helder Moura , HORA José Américo Bacchi
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT - BACKGROUND: Stapled hemorrhoidopexy has been widely used for the treatment of hemorrhoids, but concerns about complications and recurrences after prolonged follow-up are still under debate. AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the very long-term results of the stapled hemorrhoidopexy technique. METHODS: Stapled hemorrhoidopexy was performed on 155 patients between 2000 and 2003, and the early results have already been published. In this study, we evaluated the same patients after a very long follow-up. Data were collected with regard to late complications, rate and timing of recurrences, and patients’ degree of satisfaction. RESULTS: From a total of 155 patients, 98 patients were evaluated: 59 (60.2%) were interviewed by telephone and 39 (39.8%) were evaluated by outpatient consultation. The mean follow-up was 193 months (range: 184-231), 52 were female, 52 were grade III hemorrhoids, and 46 were grade IV. Recurrence was higher in grade IV (26.1%) than in grade III (7.7%) (p=0.014). Recurrence after prolonged follow-up was seen in 16 patients (16.3%) and 11 (11.2%) required reoperations. The complications were skin tags (3.1%), anal sub-stenosis (2.1%), and fecal incontinence (2.1%). After a prolonged follow-up, 82.5% of patients were either very satisfied or satisfied with the surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Stapled hemorrhoidopexy is a safe and effective treatment for hemorrhoidal disease grades III and IV. Recurrence is higher for grade IV hemorrhoids and may occur up to 9 years of follow-up. Reoperations were infrequent and there is a high patient’s degree of satisfaction associated with this technique.
Thermal comfort and photoperiod on the productive performance of sows and piglets
Authors: Kuhl Rodrigo , Dias Cláudia Helena Ferreira Zago , Alberton Geraldo Camilo , Granzotto Fernanda , Vicentin Jéssica Heinzen , Santos Alexandre Leseur dos
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT: Pigs have difficulty in performing heat exchange and; therefore, it is important to consider the environmental factors that impact their productive performance. This study evaluated the effect of thermal comfort and photoperiod on the productive performance of sows during pregnancy and of nursery piglets. Zootechnical data were obtained from a commercial farm. The temperature-humidity index (THI) was used as the parameter to determine comfort or thermal stress of the sow. The parameters of the sows during pregnancy and nursery piglets were analyzed considering the criteria of comfort, stress, and four photoperiods. The correlation between photoperiod and THI was high and positive, which demonstrated the associated effect of these variables. More significant effects were observed under conditions of comfort and shorter photoperiods. In conclusion, thermal comfort and photoperiod influenced the parameters evaluated during pregnancy and in the nursery, and the strong association between THI and photoperiod suggested that environmental control favors productive parameters in commercial farms.
Construction of LGBT health policies in Brazil: a historical perspective and contemporary challenges
Authors: Ferreira Breno de Oliveira , Nascimento Marcos
Published: September 2022

Abstract This essay presents a timeline of the construction of health policies for lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transvestites and transsexuals (LGBT) in Brazil drawing on the concepts of sexual politics. Beginning with the creation of the Unified Health System, we outline the first health care policies developed in response to the AIDS epidemic in the 1990s. We then go on to show how, the fruit of dialogue between the government and the gay rights movement, LGBT health became the object of public policies focusing on human rights, comprehensive care, and strengthening the citizenship for people who deviate from hetero-cis-normativity. Against the backdrop of the rising tide of conservatism and dismantling of progress on LGBT rights, we highlight current challenges for achieving comprehensive health care that takes into account sexual and gender diversity.
Lesbian health: care experiences of primary care nurses
Authors: Milanez Letícia de Sousa , Nabero Ana Paula Pereira , Silva Adriane das Neves , Pedrosa José Ivo dos Santos , Ferreira Breno de Oliveira
Published: September 2022

Abstract Lesbians face many barriers in health services, and experience prejudice, stigmatization and the invisibility of their health demands. This article aimed at understanding the meanings attributed by primary care nurses to health care practices directed at lesbians. This is a qualitative research carried out with 15 nurses who worked in primary care in Teresina, Piauí. The analysis was based on Pierre Bourdieu’s theoretical framework of habitus, field and symbolic violence. It was observed that the practices of nurses in the field of primary care follow heteronormative protocols. Therefore, it is essential that these nurses develop other habitus, aiming to guarantee different types of identities within the health services.
Gramáticas do capacitismo: diálogos nas dobras entre deficiência, gênero, infância e adolescência
Authors: Moreira Martha Cristina Nunes , Dias Francine de Souza , Mello Anahi Guedes de , York Sara Wagner
Published: September 2022

Resumo Nesse ensaio teórico assumimos o capacitismo como uma gramática que sustenta diversos duplos que hierarquizam e discriminam corporalidades reputadas dissidentes. Sustentamos esse argumento partindo da violação de direitos à saúde e à vida das pessoas com deficiência, pessoas travestis, transexuais e intersexos e das crianças e adolescentes em práticas de vigilância e correção, que sustentam as instituições de saúde e educação, e a Língua.
Atenção Especializada e transporte sanitário na perspectiva de integração às Redes de Atenção à Saúde
Authors: Almeida Patty Fidelis de , Silva Kamilla Santos , Bousquat Aylene
Published: September 2022

Resumo O objetivo é analisar a organização e oferta de atenção especializada (AE) e transporte sanitário nas Policlínicas Regionais da Bahia, via Consórcios Interfederativos de Saúde. Foi realizado estudo de caso em uma Policlínica, com abordagem qualitativa, a partir de entrevistas com atores municipais e estaduais. Buscou-se identificar elementos que caracterizam um modelo de AE integrado às Redes de Atenção à Saúde. Entre os avanços identifica-se ampliação da oferta de AE; garantia de escopo, qualidade e fixação de profissionais; provisão de transporte sanitário; monitoramento da prestação da AE; e avanços na regulação por sistema informatizado. Representam desafios: adequação do planejamento da AE à realidade locorregional; incentivo à coordenação do cuidado pela Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) e à aproximação entre profissionais da AE e APS; institucionalização da contrarreferência, relação com instâncias de participação social; e incentivo às funções de matriciamento, Educação Permanente, integração ensino-serviço e pesquisa. Considera-se o arranjo das Policlínicas Regionais, mais afeito à integração às Redes de Atenção à Saúde, em que pese os desafios intrínsecos à AE e ao necessário fortalecimento da APS para que possa assumir a condução do sistema.
Specialized care and health transport from a Health Care Network integration perspective
Authors: Almeida Patty Fidelis de , Silva Kamilla Santos , Bousquat Aylene
Published: September 2022

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the organization and provision of specialized care (SC) and health transport in regional polyclinics in the state of Bahia, Brazil. We conducted a qualitative exploratory single case study of a polyclinic based on semi-structured interviews with key informants in municipal and state health services. We sought to identify elements that characterize network-based models of SC. A number of advances were identified, including: an increase in the provision of SC and the scope and quality of services; effective retention of health professionals; provision of health transport; monitoring of SC; and improvements in the regulation of access to care through the use of computerized systems. The following challenges were observed: tailoring SC planning to regional health needs; the promotion of care coordination by Primary Health Care (PHC); the development of strategies to improve communication between SC and PHC professionals; institutionalization of counter-referral; engagement between the polyclinic and spaces for citizen participation; and fostering matrix support, permanent education, teaching-service integration, and research. Despite the intrinsic challenges of SC and the need to strengthen the central role of PHC, the regional polyclinic arrangement is better suited to the integration of the health care networks.
Masculinities under construction, bodies under (re)construction: trans men’s desires, contradictions, and ambiguities in the transexualizing process
Authors: Ribeiro Cláudia Regina , Ahmad Andrea Felizardo , Dantas Beatriz Selles , Lemos Adriana
Published: September 2022

Abstract This paper presents the research results on the strategies, expectations, and desires of 28 transsexual men in building their masculinities and reconstructing their bodies through cross-hormonization. The qualitative research was carried out in an outpatient clinic of the transsexualization process in a city in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro. We employed semi-structured interviews and participant observation from November 2019 to January 2020 to collect data. Content analysis guided the analysis of the statements from which the discussed categories emerged. The categories were discussed in the light of the concepts of gender, transsexuality, and masculinity, besides references from studies on ethnicity/skin color in their articulations with health. The data revealed desires, contradictions, and ambiguities regarding the construction of masculinity and the (re)construction of bodies more suited to it. They also evidenced the desire for the male bodily standard achieved through hormonization and surgeries, and black skin color emerged as a critical inequality mark. We concluded that, while refuting many male model features, these men want to enter this world and blend in with the crowd as men, thus experiencing fuller masculinity.
(Des)caminhos na garantia da saúde da população negra e no enfrentamento ao racismo no Brasil
Authors: Anunciação Diana , Pereira Lucélia Luiz , Silva Hilton P. , Nunes Ana Paula Nogueira , Soares Jaqueline Oliveira
Published: September 2022

Resumo O racismo institucional impera nos serviços de saúde no Brasil, fundados em relações concretas de poder que subjugam, dominam e excluem negros/as do adequado acesso aos serviços e instituições de saúde. Este ensaio crítico analisa a importância da ampliação do debate e da produção do conhecimento sobre a saúde da população negra (SPN), focando dois pontos: o papel da Política Nacional de Saúde Integral da População Negra (PNSIPN) e a importância da inserção do quesito cor nos sistemas de informação em saúde; e a necessidade de um processo de formação permanente dos/as profissionais, inserindo conteúdos relacionados à compreensão do racismo como um dos elementos de determinação social de saúde/doença e seus efeitos. Para demonstrar como o racismo estrutural e institucional tem afetado a população negra, trazemos também exemplos das populações quilombolas no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19 no país a partir de 2020. Conclui-se que a promoção do cuidado, a redução das iniquidades e a qualidade da atenção à saúde precisam passar por mudanças em várias dimensões, como o fortalecimento do SUS e o combate cotidiano ao racismo estrutural e institucional.
Temporal trends in social security benefits for female breast cancer in Brazil
Authors: Girardi Flávia Araújo , Nogueira Mário Círio , Bustamante-Teixeira Maria Teresa , Guerra Maximiliano Ribeiro
Published: September 2022

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess temporal trends in disability benefits for breast cancer awarded to women by Brazil’s National Social Security Institute. We conducted a time-series analysis of disability benefit incidence rates between 2007 and 2018 using joinpoint regression and data from the Unified Benefits Information System (SUIBE) and open access social security system database. The age-adjusted incidence rate increased by 6.7% per year between 2015 and 2018 after a period of stability between 2007 and 2014. The number of benefits granted to women aged 20-49 increased, on average, by 3.4% per year, showing a marked rise from 2015 to 2018 (10.4% per year). The findings highlight that breast cancer is an important cause of sick leave among female workers and that the incidence of the disease is growing in younger economically active women, reinforcing the importance of early referral to the Social Security Professional Rehabilitation Program to help workers return to work and readapt to working life.
Quantum yield, chlorophyll, and cell damage in yellow passion fruit under irrigation strategies with brackish water and potassium
Authors: Pinheiro F. W. A. , Lima G. S. de , Gheyi H. R. , Soares L. A. dos A. , Nobre R. G. , Silva L. de A. , Lacerda C. F. de , Fernandes P. D.
Published: September 2022

Abstract The occurrence of water sources with high concentrations of salts in the semiarid region of Northeast Brazil stands out as a limiting factor in the cultivation of irrigated yellow passion fruit. Thus the search for irrigation strategies with brackish water is fundamental for the sustainability of irrigated crops. The objective of the present study was to determine the quantum yield, chlorophyll levels, and cell damage in yellow passion fruit cultivated under different irrigation strategies with brackish water and potassium fertilization. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in São Domingos - PB, Brazil, adopting a randomized block design in a 6×2 factorial scheme, consisting of six strategies of use of brackish water applied in the different phenological stages of crop and two doses of potassium (60 and 100% of the recommendation), with four replicates. Two levels of irrigation water salinity were used, with low (1.3 dS m-1) and high electrical conductivity (4.0 dS m-1). The potassium dose of 100% recommendation corresponds to the application of 345 g of K2O per plant per year. The use of brackish water (4.0 dS m-1) increased chlorophyll fluorescence and negatively affected the photosynthetic pigments of yellow passion fruit, regardless of the phenological stage. Salt stress intensified intercellular electrolyte leakage in passion fruit plants under higher dose of potassium. Our results show that fertilization equivalent to 100% of the potassium recommendation is excessive for yellow passion fruit ‘BRS GA1’ in the tropical semiarid region under salt stress conditions.
Visualização dos campos elétrico e magnético em guias de ondas retangulares
Authors: Marques Lucas , Kubrusly Alan C.
Published: September 2022

Guias de ondas são dispositivos que permitem a propagação de ondas eletromagnéticas direcionadas. As ondas guiadas ocorrem quando as equações de onda são atendidas respeitando as condições de contorno no guia. Além de sua aplicação prática, o estudo dos campos elétrico e magnético é altamente relevante no ensino superior, em disciplinas tais como eletromagnetismo e dispositivos de microondas. Neste artigo, é apresentado e disponibilizado um código numérico para a visualização animada dos campos eletromagnéticos em guias de onda retangulares. Para isso, são revisadas as equações de propagação em guias de onda para modos TE e TM. O referido código, em Matlab®, possibilita ao usuário a escolha das dimensões do guia, do tipo de onda, do modo, da vista e da frequência de operação. O artigo apresenta ainda um exemplo computado para um guia retangular comercial do tipo WR-90, através da exemplificação dos modos TE 10 e TM 21. O presente programa computacional é um objeto educacional de código aberto de alta relevância ao aprendizado de eletromagnetismo.
Uma Visão da Ciência das Redes sobre o Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Informação Quântica (INCT-IQ)
Authors: Oliveira Rute , Sanz Liliana , Chaves Rafael
Published: September 2022

A ciência das redes é um campo multidisciplinar que oferece um arcabouço amplo para se estudar propriedades estatísticas de uma variedade de fenômenos. No cerne do seu sucesso, está o fato de que os sistemas, por mais complexos que sejam seus constituintes ou interações, podem ser representados por um simples grafo, um conjunto de nós conectados por arestas. Nesta abordagem, processos de natureza muito diferentes, como a internet, colaborações científicas, ou redes de proteínas, se tornam semelhantes do ponto de vista da rede, o que nos permite não somente entender de maneira unificada as redes naturais mas também otimizar e projetar redes artificiais mais eficientes. Dentro deste contexto, este artigo tem dois objetivos. Primeiramente, apresentar os principais conceitos da ciência das redes, tais como grafos, propriedade de mundo pequeno, distribuição de conectividade entre outros, assim como alguns dos principais modelos de redes já propostos. O segundo objetivo é aplicar este ferramental para analisar uma rede real, mais precisamente a rede de pesquisadores do Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Informação Quântica. Nossos resultados mostram que do ponto de vista estatístico a rede estudada é bem descrita por uma lei de potência truncada, com um alto grau de interconectividade entre os participantes. Um aglomerado, formado por 8 comunidades menores, contém 85 % dos cientistas da rede. O número médio de colaborações da rede é próximo de 5 e a média de artigos publicados está acima de 13 durante o período de duração do projeto. A rede possui um alto grau de agregação, com valor de ⟨ C ⟩ = 0.4, mostrando que os colaboradores de um dado cientista também tendem a colaborar entre si.
Communication difficulties perceived by mothers of children with suspected autism spectrum disorder during social distancing
Authors: Souza Lidia Silva de , Balestro Juliana Izidro , Cáceres-Assenço Ana Manhani
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT Purpose: to characterize the perception of mothers of children at risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder about their children's communicative difficulties, and to investigate possible changes after intervention based on brief guidance by telemonitoring. Methods: eight mothers of children aged 32 to 45 months with suspected Autism Spectrum Disorder undergoing diagnostic investigation participated. The Communicative Difficulties Questionnaire was used, applied before and after intervention based on a brief telemonitoring guidance. The inferential analysis used the Wilcoxon rank test, at a significance level of 5%. Results: comparison between the two moments did not indicate statistically significant difference. However, there were changes in qualitative analysis. In domain 1, a change in mode was observed in two questions. Initially, in domain 2, a disagreeing mode was seen, which after the intervention evolved to agreeing about the feeling of other people avoiding/bullying their children. In domain 3, the question “I take all objects that my child points to” changed from agreeing to disagreeing (62.5% to 25%), and the question “I can't teach my child new things” had no change in mode, only a reduction of agreement (50% to 25%). In domain 4, there was a reduction in agreement, with no change in mode. Conclusions: the mothers perceived communicative difficulties and daily challenges in dealing with their children. Despite the lack of a statistical difference, qualitatively subtle changes were observed in the perceptions of difficulties, after the intervention.
Dificuldades comunicativas percebidas por mães de crianças com suspeita de transtorno do espectro do autismo em contexto de distanciamento social
Authors: Souza Lidia Silva de , Balestro Juliana Izidro , Cáceres-Assenço Ana Manhani
Published: September 2022

RESUMO Objetivo: caracterizar a percepção das mães de crianças com risco para Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo acerca das dificuldades comunicativas dos seus filhos, e investigar possíveis mudanças após intervenção baseada em orientação breve via telemonitoramento. Métodos: participaram oito mães de crianças entre 32 e 45 meses com suspeita de Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo e em processo de investigação diagnóstica. Utilizou-se o Questionário sobre Dificuldades Comunicativas, aplicado antes e após intervenção baseada em orientação por telemonitoramento. A análise inferencial utilizou o teste de postos de Wilcoxon, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: a comparação entre os dois momentos não indicou diferença estatística. Porém, houve modificações na análise qualitativa. No domínio 1, observou-se mudança na moda em duas questões. No domínio 2 houve moda discordo inicialmente e, após intervenção, passou a concordo acerca da sensação de outras pessoas evitarem/zombarem seus filhos. No domínio 3, a questão “Pego todos os objetos que meu filho aponta” passou de concordo para discordo (62,5% para 25%) e a “Não consigo ensinar coisas novas para meu filho” não teve mudança na moda, apenas redução da concordância (50% para 25%). No domínio 4, houve redução de concordância, sem mudança da moda. Conclusões: as mães perceberam dificuldades comunicativas e desafios cotidianos para lidar com os filhos. Apesar da ausência de diferença estatística, qualitativamente observaram-se modificações sutis nas percepções das dificuldades após a intervenção.
Relationships between chronological and linguistic age and phonological awareness in children with developmental language disorder
Authors: Befi-Lopes Debora Maria , Leão Letícia Farias de Azevedo , Soares Aparecido José Couto
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT Purpose: to verify whether there is a relation between linguistic age and performance in phonological awareness of children presented with developmental language disorder. Methods: a retrospective study comprising 53 children with developmental language disorder aged between 4 and 7 years old. Their language disorder diagnosis followed the inclusion criteria internationally described and Brazilian standardized tests for language assessment were used. All children underwent phonological awareness and linguistic skills assessment via standardized tests and all data went through statistical analysis. For correlation analysis, the p-value was performed through the Pearson’s test. In the regression analysis the models used expressive and receptive linguistic age as independent variables and the performance in phonological awareness as a dependent variable (p=0,036* and p= 0,048*). Results: the data indicated a strong correlation between language age and phonological awareness skills in children with language developmental disorder. A strong correlation between syllabic awareness and linguistic age was found as well. In addition, phonemic awareness was correlated to their chronological age. All correlation tests were confirmed by regression analysis. Conclusion: the data indicated a strong correlation between linguistic age and phonological awareness in children with developmental language disorders. These findings raise discussion regarding phonemic skills in children under this condition and their literacy process.
Efeitos de Sentidos sobre família no Estatuto da Família (PL 6.583/2013)
Authors: Prado Sampaio Natália , De Tilio Rafael
Published: September 2022

O Projeto de Lei nº 6.583/2013 propõe uma estabilização das famílias em termos tradicionalistas diante de mudanças contemporâneas consideradas disruptivas. O objetivo desse estudo foi compreender os efeitos de sentido sobre família no Estatuto da Família (PL 6.583/2013) a partir da Análise do Discurso de Michel Pêcheux. Os principais resultados destacam: ênfase no binarismo de gênero para as configurações/dinâmicas familiares e a manutenção das desiguais relações de poder pautados na suposição de direitos ilusoriamente universais. Esses resultados destacam a importância de questionar as naturalizações de gênero nos discursos organizacionais (legislativos ou educativos, ou ambos) que interpelam os sujeitos pretendendo regular os espaços sociais.
Morphological changes in the thyroid gland of rats of different ages after administration of methionine
Authors: Yanko Roman V. , Levashov Mikhail I.
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: Literature data on the effect of methionine on functional activity and, especially, on morphological changes in the thyroid gland are sporadic. This may be due to a number of reasons, such as: different ages of experimental animals; different dosage of methionine; different seasonality and duration of experiments.
AIM: To investigate the morphological changes in the thyroid gland of rats of different ages after methionine administration.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The experiments were performed on 48 Wistar male rats of 3 and 15 months of age. Experimental animals received methionine daily for 21 days at a dose of 250 mg / kg of body weight in addition to the standard diet. Histological preparations were made from the thyroid tissue according to the standard method. The gland morphometry was performed on digital images using the computer program Image J.
RESULTS: It was found that 21-day administration of methionine to rats of both 3 and 15 months of age led to a decrease in the cross-sectional area of the follicles and colloid, the accumulation index of colloid and the relative area of the conective tissue in the thyroid gland. But the follicular-colloid index, the number of resorption vacuoles in the colloid, and the number of interfollicular islets were increased. Morphological changes in the thyroid gland of 15-month-old experimental rats were manifested to a greater extent than in young animals.
CONCLUSIONS: Thus, the influence of methionine increases the histomorphological signs of the synthetic activity of the thyroid gland in rats of different ages.