bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mediación escolar para fortalecer una cultura de paz en la solución de conflictos
Authors: Cano Burgoa Claudia Liliana
Published: January 2024

En Bolivia prevalece la "Cultura del Conflicto" generando consecuencias en la sociedad con repercusiones en el ámbito del Derecho como la carga judicial que genera retardación en la administración de justicia. La legislación contempla plazos razonables que son prácticamente imposible de cumplirlos debido a la cantidad de procesos en curso y que incrementan constantemente. Se añade también una reacción del ciudadano de demandar necesariamente ante la presencia de cualquier conflicto. Esta es la "Cultura del Litigio". Esta investigación en sus 2 etapas propone una alternativa para eliminar este rasgo negativo de la sociedad e implementar la "Cultura de Paz". Para esto se ha desarrollado un Manual de Mediación Escolar (Etapa 1) y luego un esquema de formación en estudiantes de secundaria sobre el manejo de los conflictos, llamado: "Mediación Escolar" (Etapa 2). A través de una experiencia piloto combinamos las formas ancestrales de impartir justicia con las nuevas filosofías del derecho para la resolución de conflictos. En base al Manual, se desarrolló un curso-taller con estudiantes de secundaria, quienes aprendieron a gestionar sus conflictos e instalaron su COMITÉ DE MEDIADORES. Este proyecto aspira a convertirse en una herramienta pedagógica para la difusión y consolidación de la "Cultura de Paz" en nuestro país.
Land reclamation and soil health in mining area
Authors: Xiaoying Di
Published: January 2024

Soil is the foundation of food security, but also the cornerstone of biological health on Earth, healthy soil is a prerequisite for healthy living. The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Natural Resources Conservation Service defines soil health as the continued ability of soil to serve as an important biological ecosystem for the sustenance of plants, animals, and humans.
A New Blueprint of Collaboration the Science Culture Construction fostering innovation and green development
Authors: Cabero Zabalaga Marco
Published: January 2024

In an era defined by the urgency of environmental challenges, a transformative paradigm is emerging: a fusion of collaboration and building scientific culture that catalyzes innovation for sustainable green development. This brief explores the dynamic interplay between collaboration and science culture, emphasizing their collective impact on fostering innovative solutions to propel us towards a greener, more sustainable future. The new paradigm of collaboration transcends disciplinary boundaries, fostering the convergence of diverse perspectives and experiences. This brief argues that cross-pollination of ideas and skills, facilitated by collaborative efforts, cultivates an environment conducive to innovation. The synthesis of collective intelligence and the establishment of a collaborative ecosystem become essential drivers to address complex environmental problems, leading to novel solutions in the field of green development.
THE INFLUENCE OF CAPITAL LOANS AND WOMEN'S SAVINGS AND LOAN DEVELOPMENT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF MICRO SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES
Authors: Rosanti Rosanti , Midesia Shelly
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of capital loans and women's savings and loan guidance on the development of MSMEs in Meloak Sepakat Village, Gayo Lues Regency. This study uses primary data sourced from a research questionnaire with a sample of 120 respondents. Methods of data analysis using multiple linear regression equations, t test, F test and the coefficient of determination (R2). The results showed that capital loans and women's savings and loan coaching have an effect on the development of MSMEs in Meloak Sepakat Village, Gayo Lues Regency, which is known from the multiple linear regression equation Y = 4.281 + 0.299X1 + 0.692X2. The t test results show that capital loans have a significant effect on the development of MSMEs in Meloak Sepakat Village, Gayo Lues Regency. The development of savings and loans for women has a significant effect on the development of MSMEs in Meloak Sepakat Village, Gayo Lues Regency. Then the results of the F test, simultaneously capital loans and women's savings and loan guidance have a significant effect on the development of MSMEs in Meloak Sepakat Village, Gayo Lues Regency.
La transición de la política social en México y su paso hacia la Cuarta Transformación
Authors: Cogco Calderón Adolfo Rogelio
Published: January 2024

En este capítulo se analizan los alcances y limitaciones de la política social en México. Se aborda el rumbo que ha tomado ésta a partir de la coyuntura de un cambio de gobierno, a cuyo diseño e implementación se le ha denominado la Cuarta Transformación. Para cumplir con lo anterior se hace una revisión documental de los componentes teóricos y empíricos en materia de política social, específicamente de las páginas oficiales del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (inegi) y del Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social (Coneval). En los resultados se destaca la transición de la política social del modelo neoliberal implementado por cuatro sexenios o períodos de gobierno anteriores cuya característica fueron los programas focalizados, para transitar al actual gobierno con una nueva orientación hacia una perspectiva de derechos ciudadanos y un carácter universalista en su implementación. En conclusión, los costos financieros y operativos pueden ser un factor que pudiera dificultar el logro del objetivo central de los nuevos programas de corte universal, puesto que se corre el riesgo de que dichas transferencias de recursos no se apliquen o lleguen hacia quienes más lo necesitan.
El papel de la educación para la movilidad social. Percepciones y actitudes entre mujeres y hombres
Authors: Martínez Martínez Oscar Alfonso , Rodríguez Brito Anidelys
Published: January 2024

El capítulo tiene como objetivo mostrar las actitudes y expectativas educativas en México a partir de conocer las percepciones sobre la importancia de la educación para la movilidad social entre las mujeres y hombres. Con este fin se realizaron 245 entrevistas en profundidad en cuatro estados que representan un nivel distinto de bienestar social (Martínez-Martínez et al., 2016): Ciudad de México (muy alto), Tamaulipas (alto), Estado de México (medio) y Oaxaca (bajo). Entre los hallazgos es posible identificar que prevalece una percepción positiva respecto a la importancia de la educación, sin distinción de género, nivel de escolaridad o condición socioeconómica; sin embargo, la mayoría de las personas considera que la educación no siempre garantiza la movilidad social. Asimismo, se identifican diferencias de género en las inversiones educativas, señalando la necesidad de aumentar el gasto en educación de las niñas como un mecanismo eficaz para abordar la desigualdad de oportunidades asociadas no sólo a los orígenes sociales, sino también al género. Dado el rol decisivo de la familia en las actitudes y expectativas educativas de los hijos, como proveedora de apoyo práctico y emocional, estas percepciones pudieran afectar las decisiones educativas de las futuras generaciones, por lo que se hace necesario articular programas que estimulen entre los padres sentimientos favorables a la escuela.
The Application, Accuracy, and Utilization of Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) Systems in Restorative Dentistry
Authors: Assiri Abdulmajeed , Alsaiari Alhassan , Alazraqi Marwan , Salamah Ali Al , Al Makrami Adnan , Alsharif Ahmad , Alamri Abdulmajeed , Almofreh Feras , Alshehri Ali , Alamri Omar , Alsulami Atheer
Published: January 2024

Restorative dentistry is crucial for improving oral health and restoring damaged teeth. Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems have revolutionized the field by integrating digital technologies, offering benefits over traditional methods. These systems streamline the restorative workflow, provide accurate restorations with excellent fit and aesthetics, and reduce chairside and laboratory processing times. CAD/CAM applications range from single-tooth restorations to fixed dental prostheses, implant-supported restorations, and orthodontic appliances. The accuracy and precision of CAD/CAM systems are evaluated through various methods, and factors influencing accuracy include scanner type, software algorithms, milling/3D printing technology, and materials used. Strategies to improve accuracy include optimizing scanning techniques and using advanced software algorithms. CAD/CAM systems have significant clinical implications, and their future holds promising advancements in intraoral scanning, CAD software, and CAM technologies. However, challenges such as initial investment, operator skill, and material selection need to be considered.
Adrenal insufficiency in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Prevalence, Clinical Implications, and Management Strategies
Authors: Al Jehani Maram , Almagsoodi Abdullateef , Al junaybi Ayedh , Alshahrani Bushra , Halabi Yasser , Alibrahim Maymunah , Gazzaz Anhar , AL Jaffer Zainub , Almalki Abdulelah , Alohaymid Munirah , Alata Nada
Published: January 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune-inflammatory disease that affects a significant proportion of the global population. It is characterized by synovial inflammation and joint destruction, leading to disability. The treatment of RA often involves the use of glucocorticoids, which can result in adrenal insufficiency (AI) due to suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The prevalence of AI in RA patients varies but is generally higher compared to the general population. The diagnosis of AI can be challenging due to its nonspecific symptoms and overlap with RA manifestations. Delayed recognition and inadequate management of AI can lead to adrenal crises, which are life-threatening emergencies. Regular monitoring of adrenal function, glucocorticoid replacement therapy, optimization of RA treatment, and patient education are crucial in the management of AI in RA patients. Future research should focus on risk stratification, the development of novel biomarkers, the exploration of alternative treatment strategies, and the evaluation of long-term outcomes to enhance our understanding and improve the management of AI in RA patients.
Regenerative Therapies in the Treatment of Periodontal Defects
Authors: Batwa Mohammed , Bakhsh Rand , Alghamdi Zainab , Ageely Khaled , Alzahrani Abdullah , Alshahrani Abdullah , Mujthil Khalid , Alhoshan Hamad , Alshehri Abdullah , Hakami Abdullah , Alshammari9 Alanoud
Published: January 2024

Regenerative therapies in periodontics have shown great potential in restoring damaged periodontal tissues. Techniques such as guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR) have been effective in promoting the regeneration of periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. These approaches create a conducive environment for cell repopulation and exclusion of non-osteogenic cells, leading to successful periodontal tissue regeneration. Tissue engineering approaches, utilizing stem cells, growth factors, and biomaterial scaffolds, have also shown promise in regenerating multiple periodontal tissues simultaneously. However, challenges such as membrane exposure and infection need to be addressed. Emerging regenerative techniques, including enamel matrix derivatives (EMDs), stem cell-based therapies, growth factor delivery systems, and gene therapies, offer innovative strategies for periodontal defect treatment. Optimization of delivery systems, refinement of biomaterials, and advancements in gene therapy and tissue-specific biomaterials may further enhance the regenerative capacity of periodontal tissues. Despite challenges, regenerative therapies have the potential to revolutionize periodontics and improve clinical outcomes by addressing the root cause of periodontal diseases and promoting long-lasting tissue regeneration.
Birthmarks and Vascular Anomalies in Children: Classification, Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Alzamzami Abdulghani , Alzamanan Mansour , Al Ali Abdullah , Alqazlan Yazeed , Al Bensaad Mohammed , Al Munajjim Fahad , Magharbel Reham , Asiri Asma , Aldasem Hamad , Alenezi Abdulwahab , Alshammari Asma , Noorelahi Amroo
Published: January 2024

Birthmarks are a common presentation among newborns and the majority do not require any medical intervention. However, vascular anomalies, which are an umbrella of diverse pathological conditions require special attention for a multitude of factors. Vascular anomalies lesions can appear at any stage of development, including prenatal, perinatal, and childhood. They are broadly classified as vascular malformations and vascular tumours. While many lesions have a straightforward natural course, more complex, extensive, or progressive lesions can pose a threat to life due to mass effects and severe complications including haemorrhage, or high-volume arteriovenous shunting. Infantile haemangioma, congenital haemangioma, and kaposiform hemangioendothelioma are the sub-classifications of vascular tumours, with infantile haemangioma being the most prevalent. Depending on the nature, location, extent, and accompanying manifestations of the tumour, there are several management options for vascular tumours, including conservative methods, pharmacological therapy, and surgical intervention. Low-flow and high-flow lesions are two subcategories of vascular malformations. Capillary, venous, and lymphatic malformations are examples of low-flow lesions, while arteriovenous malformations, a highly varied set of lesions that can present in a number of ways, are classified under high-flow lesions. Endovascular or surgical obliteration is the basis of treatment for these dynamic lesions. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about birthmarks and vascular anomalies in children; classification, diagnosis, and management.
Role of Nuclear Imaging in Infectious Diseases
Authors: Ahmad Doha , Alrawili Abdulmohsen , Al Zehefa Ibrahim , AlQarous Mohammed , Alenezi Salem , Hamed Baraa , Al-Ahmary Hazem , Baothman Eman , Bamani Saeed , Alsubaie Abdulaziz , Alshehri Mohammed , Yousef Kholoud
Published: January 2024

Pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, or fungi are well-known causes of infectious diseases, and these diseases have a greater impact on populations with limited resources. Rapid and accurate diagnostic criteria and methods are essential to address the emergence of infectious diseases. Improvements in diagnostic criteria and methods are critical to safeguarding public health and mitigating the impact of these diseases on a global scale. Nuclear medicine and imaging have been found to be effective in identifying lesions in patients with idiopathic fever and differentiating between infective and non-infective lesions. This research article reviews the use of nuclear imaging in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infectious diseases, with a comprehensive literature review starting on September 4th, 2023, from research databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane. The literature search for this study focused on the burden of infectious disease, diagnostic inaccuracies, and their outcomes, the recent role of nuclear imaging, and sensitive diagnosis. While nuclear imaging is not typically the first-line diagnostic tool for infectious diseases, it can provide valuable insights in certain situations and should be further explored as a primary diagnostic tool. Nuclear imaging can be used to identify the location of the infection, the source of the infection, and to evaluate the progress of treatment therapy. It is also important to identify the sensitivity and specificity of each infectious disease case to accurately diagnose the disease using nuclear imaging. Although the use of these diagnostic tools is context-specific, nuclear imaging plays a valuable role in the comprehensive assessment of infectious diseases and contributes to improved patient care and research in the field of infectious disease management
Dermatoses of Pregnancy: Overview of Presentation, Treatment and Outcome
Authors: Bokhari Afnan , Darwish Rania , Bin Dawood Fatimah , Mohamed Fatima , Alkhaldi Omar , Alruwaili Mazen , Alhazmi Khalid , Tharwat Taif , Alabbas Fahad , Albthali Salman , Aqel Ekram
Published: January 2024

Dermatoses of pregnancy encompass a range of skin disorders that manifest uniquely during the gestational period, characterized by significant itching. This review delves into four primary types: polymorphic eruption of pregnancy, pemphigoid gestationis, atopic eruption of pregnancy, and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. While atopic eruption and polymorphic eruption are generally benign with no fetal impact, pemphigoid gestationis and intrahepatic cholestasis carry risks for the fetus, including prematurity and stillbirth. Key challenges include the difficulty in early diagnosis of pemphigoid gestationis due to its resemblance to polymorphic eruption and the increased risk of complications like gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia in intrahepatic cholestasis. Understanding these dermatoses is crucial for prompt diagnosis and effective treatment, to prevent adverse outcomes for mothers and babies and improve the overall pregnancy experience. The review focuses on epidemiology, clinical features, diagnostic methods, maternal and fetal outcomes, treatment options, and comprehensive management strategies for these conditions.
ВЕТЕРИНАРНО-САНИТАРНАЯ ОЦЕНКА БАРАНИНЫ ПРИ ЭХИНОКОККОЗЕ ОВЕЦ В ЗКО
Authors: Валиева Жадыра , Айтпаева З. С.  , Габдуллин Д. Е.,
Published: January 2024

В статье приведены результаты исследований влияния эхинококкоза на качество мяса овец. Целью исследования стало изучение влияния возбудителей социально-значимого гельминтоза в Западно-Казахстанской области на основные показатели безопасности и качества мяса овец, исследованных на рынках города. Было установлено, что физико-химические и биохимические показатели мяса овец зараженных животных снижены, что можно объяснить замедление метаболических процессов в организме и увеличение токсического действия.

При исследовании мяса зараженных животных было обнаружено, что содержание всех исследованных водо- и жирорастворимых витаминов было ниже, чем у здоровых животных. Особенно значительное снижение концентрации наблюдалось у витаминов А, Е, В1 и В2. Также было выявлено, что при инвазии в мышцах происходит снижение общего количества незаменимых аминокислот в 3 раза в сравнении с заменимыми аминокислотами у овец. Это говорит о том, что качество мяса от зараженных эхинококкозом животных (овец) приводит к существенным изменениям в органолептических и физико-химических свойствах. Например, значение рН в тканях инфицированных животных смещается в сторону щелочной реакции, оптическая плотность органов и мышечной ткани увеличивается, а количественные показатели пищевой ценности, минеральных элементов, витаминов, незаменимых аминокислот и состава жирных кислот снижаются.

На основе проведенных исследований можно сделать вывод, что биохимические изменения, происходящие в мясе инфицированных животных, приводят к снижению его биологической и пищевой ценности.
THE USE OF SHEEP PRODUCERS OF THE AKZHAIK MEAT AND WOOL BREED TO IMPROVE THE MEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF FINE-FLEECED SHEEP
Authors: Yessengaliev Yessengaliev , Kassimova Kassimova , Kozhakhmetova Kozhakhmetova
Published: January 2024

The article presents the results of a comparative assessment of the growth, development and meat productivity of young animals of the Volgograd fine-fleece breed and crosses obtained as a result of introductory crossing of Volgograd fine-fleece ewes with rams of the Akzhaik meat-wool breed of the Saltanat peasant farm.

Differences between groups in live weight are explained by the breed characteristics of the paternal forms of animals and the manifestation of heterosis. Thus, rams from Akzhaik breeders were superior in live weight to rams from Vogograd breeders at birth by 9.1% (P<0.05), at cutting by 2.1% and at 8 months by 5.2% (P<0 .05). The eggs, respectively, were superior at birth by 0.4 kg or 9.8% (P<0.05), at 8 months by 1.6 kg or 5.8% (P<0.01).

Data from body measurements and the values of body composition indices, which characterize the severity of meatiness, show the advantage of young animals from sires of the Akzhaik breed over the offspring of sires of the Volgograd breed.

To study meat productivity, control slaughters of lambs at the age of 4 and 8 months were carried out. At the same time, in terms of slaughter weight, the offspring of Akzhaik rams was superior by 1.27 kg or 5,8%.  When slaughtered at the age of 4 months, fairly good carcasses weighing 13.45 kg or more were obtained from all crossing options, and after fattening the carcass weighing 21.97 kg with the advantage of offspring from Akzhaik sheep.
ВЛИЯНИЕ НАПРАВЛЕННОЙ СЕЛЕКЦИИ ПО МОЛОЧНОЙ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТИ ЛОШАДЕЙ РУССКОЙ ТЯЖЕЛОВОЗНОЙ ПОРОДЫ НА ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ЭКСТЕРЬЕРА
Authors: Онегов А.В. , Чиргин Е.Д. , Семенов Владимир , Шашмшидин А.С. , Баймуканов Д.А.
Published: January 2024

Исследуемая популяция русских тяжеловозных кобыл дойного табуна племенного кумысного комплекса ЗАО племенной завод «Семеновский» Республики Марий Эл обладает высокой молочной продуктивностью, сформированной в результате длительной (за более чем 40 летний период) направленной селекции. За период с 1982 по 2022 годы на племенном кумысном комплексе получены 8 поколений конематок русской тяжеловозной породы, у которых вследствие направления селекционной работы произошли характерные для молочного скота изменения в экстерьере. Ростовые промеры (высота в холке и высота ноги в локте) увеличилисьнезначительно – в среднем на 0,4 %.Значимоуменьшились обхват груди - на 9,8 см* и ширина груди - на 2,0 см*(*Разница оказалась значительной и достовернойР≥0,99). Телосложение дойных кобыл стало менее массивным, но при этом увеличилось в длинуна 1,7% и стало более угловатым - глубина груди возросла на 1,09%. Кроме того, у кобыл исследуемого поголовьяпроизошло увеличение длины и шириныкрупа – соответственно на 1,06 и 0,7%, а также обхвата пясти – на 1,89%. Как следствие, у кобыл в результатеселекционной работы произошло уменьшение индексов сбитости (обхвата груди) и компактности соответственно на 5,1 и 6,4%, в то время как индексы формата, глубины грудии обхвата пястиувеличились соответственно на 1,3 - 0,6 - 2,1 процентов.Данный факт позволяет сформировать в популяции лошадей русской тяжеловозной породы племенного кумысного комплекса ЗАО ПЗ «Семеновский»молочный тип.
Analysis of Allama Iqbal’s Poetry “Kabhi Ae Haqeeqat E Muntazir” Under The Light of Eugene Nida’s Linguistic Model
Authors: Zahra Khushbakht
Published: January 2024

This study examined Allama Iqbal’s poem “Kabhi Ae Haqeeqat-e-Muntazir” through Eugene Nida’s dynamic equivalence model, evaluating Dr. Mustansir Mir’s English translation against the original Urdu text. The analysis revealed a nuanced interplay between literal meaning and metaphorical expression, highlighting challenges in conveying cultural nuances. The Findings indicated that Mir’s translation adeptly preserves the essence of Iqbal’s profound themes—encompassing the quest for truth, the transcendent power of music, the soul’s significance, sacrifice, peace, and sincerity in prayer. By navigating linguistic complexities and cultural barriers, the translation succeeds in ensuring accessibility and cultural resonance for a wider audience, affirming Nida’s principles in maintaining fidelity to the original while adapting it to a different linguistic and cultural milieu.
Keywords: Dynamic Translation; Nida’s Linguistic Model; Iqbal’s Poetry
A Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) Analysis on Short story Cindelaras by Cerita Rakyat from East Java
Authors: Harahap Risma Sabrina , Tifani Angrayani  , Rafli Firmansyah Putra  , Edi Suprayetno
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyze practical literature with a systemic functional linguistics approach. The ideal, textual, and interpersonal meanings will be analyzed using the short story “Cinderaras” by Cerita Rakyat from East Java. The researchers used descriptive qualitative methods. The stories were divided into sections and analyzed into tables using Systemic  Functional Linguistics (SFL). The result of ideational metafunction analysis showed that most of the text used material and verbal processes which reached the value of 33,33%, behavioral processes reached the value of 22,22% and the last was 11,11% of behavioral processes. The result of textual metafunction analysis showed that 83,33% were topical unmarked themes and 16,66% were topical marked themes. In other words, it can be said that the “Cinderaras” was simple and concise and focused on actions and events and how the characters communicate, speak, or interact with each other.

Keywords: systemic functional linguistics; short story
The Personal is Universal: Cultivating Awareness, Vulnerability, & Advocacy Through Writing
Authors: Drutchas Alexis
Published: January 2024

Learning Objectives:

- Describe how medical training creates barrier for clinicians to find their creative voice
- Recognize how “the writer’s eye” cultivates awareness
- Understand why it is essential for the personal to become universal in your writing
- Identify unique aspects of op-ed and narrative writing
Balancing Human Rights and the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Border Security in Africa
Authors: Bor Sherry , Koech Nicole
Published: January 2024

In a continent marked by its historical pursuit of secure borders, Africa now stands at a pivotal juncture, transitioning from traditional physical barriers to harnessing the transformative potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies. This transformation signifies the continent’s unwavering commitment to efficiency and innovation, yet it unveils a formidable challenge – striking a harmonious balance between the imperative of security and safeguarding of fundamental human rights and freedoms. The integration of AI in border security, with its utilization of biometric data, facial recognition, iris scanning, and more, has given rise to a host of intricate concerns, including ethical considerations such as transparency and accountability. Privacy emerges as a paramount issue as the data reservoirs amassed at border crossings raise questions about storage, accessibility, and potential misuse. The complexities of personal information management take centre stage, necessitating scrutiny over data handling, security, and safeguards against abuse. Through an examination of historical trends and a detailed analysis of past and present border security practices in Africa, this paper reviews the evolution of strategies and challenges in Africa’s border security. This investigation spotlights the continent’s adoption of AI as a cornerstone in safeguarding its borders. However, it underscores that while advancements are evident, a delicate equilibrium must be achieved. This paper argues that achieving a harmonious balance between bolstering security measures and safeguarding individual rights and freedoms, all within the framework of ethical principles is an attainable endeavor.
Bizonyítékalapú pszichoszociális kockázatértékelés a munkahelyen: a depressziós tünetegyüttes prediktorainak vizsgálta
Authors: Nistor Katalin , Tóth Gergely , Szócska Miklós
Published: January 2024

Becslések szerint a depresszió 2030-ra a betegségterhek vezető okává válik. Az elmúlt több mint két évtized nemzetközi és hazai kutatási eredményei rávilágítottak arra, hogy egyes munkahelyi pszichoszociális tényezők fokozhatják a hangulatzavarok, ezen belül a depresszió kialakulásának kockázatát, a kapcsolódó tünetetek súlyosbodását, hosszútávon negatív hatást gyakorolva a munkaképességre és szervezeti teljesítményre. Ezért keresztmetszeti nagymintás (N=13104) reprezentatív vizsgálatunk célja a COPSOQ II kérdőívvel vizsgált dimenziónkénti modellépítés keretében a depressziós tünetegyüttes prediktorainak meghatározása, a főbb munkahelyi pszichoszociális kockázati és védő tényezők azonosítása. Eredményeink alapján még a COVID-19 világjárványt megelőző időszakban is magas volt a klinikai depresszió prevalenciája a magyar munkavállalók körében (30,9%). A modellépítések által kontroll alatt tartva a szociodemográfiai tényezőket a depressziós tüneteggyüttes huszonegy indikátorát, azaz nyolc szignifikáns munkahelyi pszichoszociális kockázati- és tizenhárom védő tényezőt sikerült azonosítani. A depressziós tüneteggyüttes azonosított főbb kockázati tényezői a következőek: szekálás (OR=2,92), munka- magánélet konfliktus (OR=2,27), mennyiségi elvárás (OR=1,67), szerepkonfliktus (OR=1,38), erőszakos fenyegetés (OR=1,38), érzelmi megterhelés (OR=1,33), szexuális zaklatás (OR=1,27), munkaütem (OR=1,1). Az azonosított protektív faktorok pedig a következőek: munkahely iránti elkötelezettség (OR=0,44), munkahelyi elégedettség (OR=0,45), munkahelyi közösség (OR=0,64), igazságosság és tisztelet (OR=0,66), vezetés iránti bizalom (OR=0,68), jutalmazás (OR=0,72), munkatársak közötti bizalom (OR=0,83), hatáskör, kontroll (OR=0,85), munkakör egyértelműsége (OR=0,85), támogatás a felettestől (OR=0,89), a munka értelmessége (OR=0,90), előreláthatóság (OR=0,92), támogatás a munkatársaktól (OR=0,94). A depressziós tünetegyüttest prediktáló hét modell közül a Munka-magánélet egyensúly tényezőire, illetve az Együttműködés és vezetés dimenziókra építő modellek bizonyultak a legjobban illeszkedőeknek. A szervezeti életre és produktivitásra, valamint a munkavállalók egészségvédelmére vonatkoztatva az eredmények értékelésének és a legerősebb indikátorok kiemelésének gyakorlati implikációi vannak. Ezekkel útmutatást kívánunk nyújtani a tématerülettel gyakorlati szinten foglalkozó vezetőknek, a HR- és a foglalkozás-egészségügyi szakembereknek arra vonatkozóan, hogy a munkahelyi pszichoszociális környezet mely dimenzióira és tényezőire érdemes kiemelt hangsúlyt fektetni a mentális egészségvédelem, ezen belül is a depressziós tünetegyüttes megelőzésének, illetve csökkentésének érdekében.
Antimicrobial Resistance: An Emerging Concern for Humans
Authors: Khanam Manahil , Javaid Areeba , Malik Hafiza Iqra , Tehsin Iram , Asim Iram , Yasmeen Humaira
Published: January 2024

Most of the pathogens have developed the ability to combat advanced antimicrobial agents, which has caused bacterial infections to become complicated to treat. It may occur when microorganisms such as fungi, parasites, and bacteria change their behavior against conventional antimicrobial agents. Some bacteria are intrinsically resistant to some of the antimicrobial agents; if not, they may become resistant by de novo mutations or by acquiring some resistant genes. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a global issue because it may spread worldwide through trade, travel, migration, and healthcare facilities. AMR has been associated with adverse consequences in the context of invasive infections, including escalated hospital costs, heightened mortality rates, and prolonged hospital stays. In the case of disturbing normal flora of the intestine, serious and incurable health problems and sometimes death also occur. To combat this rising havoc, many emerging approaches are being considered to combat AMR. Some of these include one health approach, phage therapy, nanoparticles, medicinal plants and metals. This review article discusses the leading causes of AMR and its economic impact and employs emerging approaches as an effective way to treat AMR.
Bioactive Compounds via in vitro Culture Approach and Pharmacological Attributes of Genus Euphorbia: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Noor Zaman  , Sami Ullah  , Wadood Shah  , Muhammad Nauman Khan  , Baber Ali  , Amjad Ali  , Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir  , Gaweł Sołowski
Published: January 2024

The family Euphorbiaceae comprises 2000 species and is listed as third among the largest flowering family. Euphorbia is used in traditional treatment for various diseases, including dengue fever, dysentery, diarrhea, and anemia. This review aimed to collect data from various published literature sources for quick and effective cultivation of Euphorbia species through tissue culture and documentation of potent secondary metabolites obtained from different cultures of Euphorbia and its manifold pharmacological activities from various parts extracts. The data for this review were systematically collected from different scientific databases, including Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, and published literature. Different secondary metabolites have been reported from the in votro culture of Euphorbia containing anthocyanin, saponins, tannins, sterols, ﬂavonoids, glycosides, diterpenes, and sesquiterpene. The essential oils from extractions of the Euphorbia genus embraced about 80 active phytochemical constituents. The extracts and compounds exhibited different pharmacological activities, including hepato-protective, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, and anti-cancer. Besides the pharmaceutical and importance of the genus Euphorbia, this report also described the methodologies of explant cultures, in-vitro production of biologically active compounds, and vital phytochemicals extraction from various parts of Euphorbia. Therefore, there is a need for in-vivo studies on Euphorbia to be further investigated to confirm the therapeutic effects for safe and effective medical use. The in-vitro cultivation techniques need further development, either in bioreactors or temporary immersions and shake flasks, to obtain vigorous sprouts of Euphorbia.
THE EXPERIENCE OF LATVIA IN TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE AND TAKEAWAYS FOR UKRAINE
Authors: Palii Ganna
Published: January 2024

The article focuses on aspects of the transitional justice implemented in the Republic of Latvia after the restoration of its independence. The case of Latvia is examined through institutional reform, lustration, prosecution, politics of memory, truth-seeking, rehabilitation and reparations. In addition, Latvia’s state policy regarding citizenship played a decisive role in addressing an array of problems inherited from the Soviet period.

The main purpose of this study is to highlight the state policy in Latvia, which achieved a high level of protection of the national interests during the transition period, while minimizing risks for its territorial integrity and social unity.

Latvia’s experience proves that transitional justice has ensured the country’s democratic progress as well as its integration to the EU and NATO. The implemented reforms and institutional changes in the public administration system have laid the foundation for effective decision-making and policy implementation in Latvia. Hence, Latvia among those European countries, which have been providing Ukraine with political and diplomatic support as well as tangible military and humanitarian aid since the beginning of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine.

A comparative assessment of Latvia and Ukraine is appropriate, because both countries had to overcome similar challenges associated with the Soviet occupation and then treats emanating from the Russian Federation. The author argues that this Baltic country has achieved successful results due to a comprehensive state policy of transitional justice. This assessment also considers the main missteps and mistakes that Ukraine made in its domestic and foreign policy in the post-Soviet period.

Based on a proposed examination of Latvia’s practices, the author makes a number of recommendations for forming a transitional justice model in Ukraine. The findings indicate that some effective Latvian approaches and measures can be adapted in Ukraine to overcome the consequences of the war and problems related to the temporary occupation of part of the Ukrainian territory.
PAKISTAN’S STRATEGIC CULTURE
Authors: Bordilovska Olena
Published: January 2024

The article examines the strategic culture of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, with the focus on the dominance of military elites in the political life of this state. The author’s goal is to analyze the factors that led to the rise of the army in the specific political and security environment of Pakistan. The generalship has done more than merely determine the main directions of the security policy and make principled decisions of a strategic nature; it has fully controlled all aspects of Pakistani society. This has been the case not only during military coups and direct military rule, but also when civilian governments were in power. Crucial decisions have been made only with the consent of or even as initiated by the army leadership. Moreover, from the very beginning of its independence, Pakistan has been nurturing its own version of the "army + Islam" formula, in which one component complemented and upheld the other. This "duet" was deeply rooted in the very emergence of Pakistani identity as a Muslim state of South Asia, i.e., a state established on a religious basis. After highlighting the preceding historical factors of the formation of such a specific culture, the study then explores its manifestations in the contemporary state through examples illustrating the influence of military leaders on the internal development and international behavior of the country. The author argues that for the 75 years of its independence, the Pakistani army has been a guarantor of social stability, which has brought it significant support from the population. On the other hand, the generalship has been repeatedly criticized for inhibiting the development of democratic institutions in the country and active interference in domestic policies and the life of the population. The author places a special emphasis on investigating the strategic behavior of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan in the context of the development of Ukrainian-Pakistani relations. The army has the power to influence bilateral cooperation and Pakistan’s official neutral position regarding the Russian-Ukrainian war by adjusting this attitude.
Turning the Tables: How Neuroscience Supports Interactive Dualism
Authors: Cucu Alin
Published: January 2024

Physicalists typically believe that neurophysiology has refuted the thesis that non-physical minds can interact with the brain. In this paper, I argue that it is precisely a closer look at the neurophysiology of volitional actions that suggests otherwise. I start with a clarification
of how the present inquiry relates to the main argument for physicalism, and how the most common alternative views relate to the findings of my study. I then give a brief overview of the neurophysiological research about volitional actions, finding that there is no research specifically directed
at the pertinent question. I proceed by pointing out what it would take for a complete physical explanation of volitional actions to be true: namely a complete physical explanation of the increase in the firing rate of the neurons with which the sequence leading up to volitional actions starts.
Since no dedicated research about this question is available, I offer a study of the known mechanisms of neuronal excitation as a substitute, finding that there is no plausible biochemical or physical mechanism that could explain the causal initiation of volitional actions ‐ at least
none that upholds energy conservation. But non-conservation is precisely what interactive dualism, in its most plausible version, predicts. Thus, rather than buttressing physicalism, our empirical knowledge of volitional actions points toward interactive dualism
Impacto ambiental, social y económico del tren maya en pueblos indígenas del sureste de México
Authors: Gómez Cruz Rosa I. , Carrera Torres Mery Y. , Sánchez López José A.
Published: January 2024

El Tren Maya constituye uno de los proyectos más importantes del gobierno mexicano actual. Aunque, a simple vista esto parece atractivo turísticamente y que facilitará el transporte por la península de Yucatán, también tendrá repercusiones que perjudicarán en un futuro, no solo ambiental, sino también, social y económicas. Los objetivos principales del presente artículo son identificar, describir y explicar los impactos ambientales, sociales y económicos que generará la construcción del Tren Maya en los pueblos indígenas de los estados de Chiapas, Tabasco, Campeche, Yucatán, y Quintana Roo. La presente investigación corresponde a una revisión bibliográfica, con un enfoque cualitativo, ya que se espera informar y hacer énfasis en cuanto a las consecuencias y beneficios que ocasionará la obra del Tren Maya en la vida no solo de los seres humanos, sino, de los seres vivos en general, para esto se hizo uso de motores de búsqueda académicos como Google Académico, Redalyc, Dialnet, Scielo y ResearchGate.
The Seismic Performance of Infill and Retrofitted Structural Walls under Earthquakes
Authors: Morsali Vafa , Babamohammadi Farzad , Elyasi Jahangir
Published: January 2024

To account for the effects of infill walls, the Iranian Code reduces the period of the structure. As a result, filler walls in the plane of structural frames result in significant changes in the properties they possess; therefore, the resistance, stiffness, ductility, distribution of internal forces, and other characteristics of such a frame with an empty frame differ greatly. In this research using 7 far-field earthquakes, a nonlinear time history analysis was performed on reinforced concrete frames with and without masonry infill walls. The maximum relative displacements between the stories were determined. Also, to evaluate the seismic performance of structural masonry walls, the fragility curve of unreinforced masonry walls retrofitted with FRP sheet based on different scenario under the effect of earthquake loads has been investigated by the finite element method.  According to the results, the presence of infill walls reduces the number of plastic hinges as well as the maximum relative displacement between the stories. Furthermore, by increasing the number of FRP sheet layers and the reinforced area of the FRP sheet to the entire wall of an unreinforced structural wall, the seismic behaviour of the wall is more effective than other reinforcement patterns and damages the wall less.
Interaction of stirrups – steel fiber – carbon fiber in resisting of shear forces in high strength RC beams
Authors: Kadhim Hayder A. , Sultan Ali A.
Published: January 2024

This research is dedicated to investigating the structural performance of high-strength strengthened concrete beams in resisting shear forces when stirrups (ST)-carbon fiber (CF) and steel fiber (SF) materials are used as shear reinforcement. Shear reinforcement has been provided in either of the two forms. The first form consisted of steel fibers of two volume fractions: Vf=0.5% and Vf=1.0%. The second form consisted of ST of two configurations: Φ8mm@300mm and Φ8mm@200mm, which experimentally have equivalent shear effects to the SF of 0.5 and 1.0% fiber content, respectively. With both forms, a 45ᵒ inclined CF material has been externally applied. In addition to the reference beam of no form of shear reinforcement, a total of nine beams were tested for failure under the “four-point bending” test, and the results obtained were reported and discussed in terms of the maximum load capacity, failure mode, and deflection. The results obtained indicated the great contribution of CF in providing extra resistance to the applied shear forces regardless of whether a beam had been reinforced in terms of ST or SF. However, the contribution of CF is more pronounced (more than double) when the high-strength beams were reinforced utilizing SF as compared to the ST.
Numerical and experimental study of tunneled raft foundation
Authors: Joudah Saja Abdulsttar
Published: January 2024

Models are created, inspected in the experimental research, and compared to the numerical study in the PLAXIS 3D.V20 program in order to stay up with the advancement of studies in the area of geotechnical engineering. The purpose of the model is to investigate how existing tunnels affect shallow foundations. a simulation of reality a tunnel with specifications [Elastic modulus = 70 Gpa, Poisson's ratio = 0.33] with three locations for the tunnel 15, 30, 45 cm measured from the bottom of the foundation), an iron box with dimensions (80*80*60 cm), and a foundation with dimensions (20*20 cm). It was discovered that the tunnel's position significantly affects the soil's ability to support additional loads, and that the effect diminishes as the distance between the foundation and the tunnel grows. The tunnel's depth (15 cm) increased by the most—105.9%—followed by its depth (30 cm), which increased by 21.5%, and its depth (45 cm), which increased by 3.9%.
Enhancing steganography using modified HHO and RC4
Authors: Saber Ranj T. , Abdulhammed Omar Y.
Published: January 2024

A lot of information is being sent around the globe these days, which increases the risk of knowledge leakage; as a result, it is crucial to preserve information security while exchanging data. Steganography and cryptography are the most essential methods, among many others, to guarantee the data's confidentiality.  Encryption is making information unintelligible to anybody but the intended recipients. However, steganography is the study of hiding information in digital media so that nobody can detect it is there. This research introduces two methods for concealing and encrypting messages that improve the Stego image's visual quality and security while offering a sizable embedding capacity.  A stream cipher method with a symmetric key, the RC4 algorithm, is utilized to encrypt and decode secret information. At the same time, a population-based metaheuristic, modified HHO, is employed to find the optimum spots in the cover medium to conceal encrypted sensitive data. Regarding security, picture quality, and attack resistance, the testing findings show that the proposed method excels over competing methods in terms of time and cost.
Transnational trainee sport psychologists in the UK: Informal conversations among peers
Authors: Lantos Csenge , Quartiroli Alessandro , Wagstaff Christopher R.D.
Published: January 2024

As the sport globalisation continues, those working within this sector have been required to engage in transnational mobility. Such transnational careers are enriching and taxing at the same time. Transnational mobility also extends to those who undertake training programs in this sector, such as sport psychology students. While many trainee sport psychologist professionals (tSPs) from around the world choose the United Kingdom (UK) for their training, little is known about their experiences of this transnational mobility. In this study, we aimed to provide an insight into the experiences of transnational tSPs through an informal conversation research design with four UK based transnational tSPs, who consider their home country to be in mainland Europe. We used interpretive thematic analysis to develop four composite -vignettes, a form of creative non-fiction, by merging the voices of the four transnational tSPs. The composite vignettes illustrate the tSPs’ complex experiences regarding: language (both English and mother tongue); a new culture, and the longing for a professional connection to their home countries. The participants highlighted the challenges and benefits of their experiences and shed light on the nuances of their transnational journeys. The participants also offered some insights regarding strategies and coping mechanisms that worked for them in their own transnational experiences. Taken together, these results offer a salient information and opportunities for training programs and professional organisations for supporting transnational tSPs throughout their education and training.