bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A case series shows independent vestibular labyrinthine function after major surgical trauma to the human cochlea
Authors: Plontke Stefan K. , Rahne Torsten , Curthoys Ian S. , Håkansson Bo , Fröhlich Laura
Published: October 2021

Background

The receptors for hearing and balance are housed together in the labyrinth of the inner ear and share the same fluids. Surgical damage to either receptor system was widely believed to cause certain permanent loss of the receptor function of the other. That principle, however, has been called into question because there have been anecdotal reports in individual patients of at least partial preservation of cochlear function after major surgical damage to the vestibular division and vice versa.

Methods

We performed specific objective vestibular function tests before and after surgical trauma (partial or subtotal cochlear removal) for treatment of intracochlear tumors in 27 consecutive patients in a tertiary referral center. Vestibular function was assessed by calorics (low-frequency response of the lateral semicircular canal), vestibulo-ocular reflex by video head impulse test (vHIT) of the three semicircular canals, cervical and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMP, saccule and oVEMP, utricle). Preoperative and postoperative distributions were compared with paired t-tests.

Results

Here we show that there was no significant difference between pre- and post-operative measures for all tests of the five vestibular organs, and that after major surgical cochlear trauma, the vestibular receptors continue to function independently.

Conclusions

These surprising observations have important implications for our understanding of the function and the surgery of the peripheral auditory and vestibular system in general and open up new possibilities for the development, construction and evaluation of neural interfaces for electrical or optical stimulation of the peripheral auditory and vestibular nervous system.
Distinct interfacial ordering of liquid crystals observed by protein–lipid interactions that enabled the label-free sensing of cytoplasmic protein at the liquid crystal-aqueous interface
Authors: Devi Manisha , Verma Indu , Pal Santanu Kumar
Published: October 2021

Different lipid laden liquid crystal-aqueous interfaces facilitate the imaging of the cytoplasmic protein JM-EGFR at nanomolar concentrations.
Investigation of the potential of mixed solvent mobile phases in temperature-responsive liquid chromatography (TRLC)
Authors: Ampe Adriaan , Wicht Kristina , Baert Mathijs , Broeckhoven Ken , Lynen Frederic
Published: October 2021

Temperature-responsive liquid chromatography allows for extensive retention and selectivity tuning through temperature. Use of low amounts of organic solvent assists with elution of more hydrophobic analytes, while also improving column efficiency.
Magnetic field induced high-density SERS active assembly of Fe3O4@Au nanostars in a glass capillary for food colorant detection
Authors: Xu Lihua , Ding Qianqian
Published: October 2021

A scheme of the magnetic field-induced assembly process in capillaries and SERS detection.
An unprecedented polyoxometalate-based 1D double chain compound with opposite charges enables conductivity improvement
Authors: Guo Ke-Ke , Jiang Xin-Ye , Xu Ming , Li Feng-Yan , Dong Si-Meng , Zheng Yue , Xu Lin
Published: October 2021

A POM-based 1D double chain compound with opposite charges has been synthesized. In contrast to common POMs, this compound exhibits a relatively high conductivity of 1.17 × 10−9 S cm−1 at 25 °C.
Investigation of the sublimation mechanism of GeSe and GeS
Authors: Lu Wenbo , Fang Yanyan , Li Zongbao , Li Shumu , Liu Shunchang , Feng Mingjie , Xue Ding-Jiang , Hu Jin-Song
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate the diatomic molecule sublimation mechanism of GeSe and GeS through a detailed theoretical and experimental investigation.
Scalable synthesis of Na2MVF7 (M = Mn, Fe, and Co) as high-performance cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Liao Jiaying , Han Jingchen , Xu Jianzhi , Du Yichen , Sun Yingying , Duan Liping , Zhou Xiaosi
Published: October 2021

Three weberite-type sodium-rich fluorides Na2MVF7 (M = Mn, Fe, and Co) have been successfully synthesized. The optimal Na2FeVF7 cathode delivers a high reversible capacity of 146.5 mA h g−1 based on active Fe2+/Fe3+ and V3+/V4+ redox reactions.
Low temperature induced highly stable Zn metal anodes for aqueous zinc-ion batteries
Authors: He Huibing , Qin Hongyu , Shen Fang , Hu Nan , Liu Jian
Published: October 2021

A highly durable Zn metal anode was achieved by simply controlling the operating temperature at 0 °C, enabling a Zn symmetric cell with an ultra-long cycle life over 2500 h (>100 days).
SO2 capture enhancement in NU-1000 by the incorporation of a ruthenium gallate organometallic complex
Authors: García Ponce Jorge , Díaz-Ramírez Mariana L. , Gorla Saidulu , Navarathna Chanaka , Sanchez-Lecuona Gabriela , Donnadieu Bruno , Ibarra Ilich A. , Montiel-Palma Virginia
Published: October 2021

[RuGa]@NU-1000 shows enhanced adsorption of SO2, specially at low pressures (10−3 bar) even when compared with other materials employing more expensive precious metals.
A metal–organic framework featuring highly sensitive fluorescence sensing for Al3+ ions
Authors: Qiao Yang , Li Zeqi , Yu Mei-Hui , Chang Ze , Bu Xian-He
Published: October 2021

A new fluorescent MOF can detect Al3+ ions with high selectivity and sensitivity via turn-off effect and emission color change.
Interaction of nanoparticles with lipid films: the role of symmetry and shape anisotropy
Authors: Caselli Lucrezia , Ridolfi Andrea , Mangiapia Gaetano , Maltoni Pierfrancesco , Moulin Jean-François , Berti Debora , Steinke Nina-Juliane , Gustafsson Emil , Nylander Tommy , Montis Costanza
Published: October 2021

Topological effects are key in driving nano-bio interface phenomena: the symmetry of the lipid membrane (cubic or lamellar) dictates the interaction mechanism, while nanoparticles shape (sphere or rod) modulates the interaction strength.
Critical role of H-aggregation for high-efficiency photoinduced charge generation in pristine pentamethine cyanine salts
Authors: Fish George C. , Moreno-Naranjo Juan Manuel , Billion Andreas , Kratzert Daniel , Hack Erwin , Krossing Ingo , Nüesch Frank , Moser Jacques-E.
Published: October 2021

The mechanism of high-efficiency photo-induced charge generation in thin films of pristine pentamethine cyanine salts is elucidated using ultrafast spectroscopy. H-aggregation of the dye molecules allows for symmetry breaking charge separation with quantum yields over 80%.
Long-range ordering and local structural disordering of BiAgSe2 and BiAgSeTe thermoelectrics
Authors: Huang Weifeng , Zhu Yingcai , Liu Yong , Tao Shi , Yang Changchun , Diao Qianshun , Hong Zhen , Han Haijiao , Liu Lijuan , Xu Wei
Published: October 2021

Thermoelectric materials are promising for energy harvesting using waste heat.
Distinct ultrafast carrier dynamics of α-In2Se3 and β-In2Se3: contributions from band filling and bandgap renormalization
Authors: Meng Shengjie , Wang Jian , Shi Hongyan , Sun Xiudong , Gao Bo
Published: October 2021

Depending on contributions from the band filling and the bandgap renormalization effect, α-In2Se3 and β-In2Se3 exhibited distinct carrier dynamics.
Charge-transfer excited states of π- and 4f-orbitals for development of luminescent Eu(iii) complexes
Authors: Kitagawa Yuichi , Ferreira da Rosa Pedro Paulo , Hasegawa Yasuchika
Published: October 2021

In this review, we summarize the latest research progress in photophysics based on the π-4f charge transfer excited states of trivalent europium complexes.
Do polystyrene nanoplastics aggravate the toxicity of single contaminants (okadaic acid)? Using AGS cells as a biological model
Authors: Lin Peichun , Lu Zifan , Zhang Yuanyuan , Liao Xiuchun , He Lei , Guo Yitao , Zhou Chunxia , Qian Zhong-Ji , Hong Pengzhi , Liang Yan-Qiu , Ren Lei , Sun Shengli , Li Chengyong
Published: October 2021

PS and OA jointly affected cell growth and death and inhibited DNA replication and repair by increasing ROS production, resulting in DNA damage and inducing Fanconi anemia. PS aggravates the toxicity of OA to AGS cells.
Investigation on the surface-active and antimicrobial properties of a natural glycolipid product
Authors: Xie Meizhen , Song Qing , Zhao Hong
Published: October 2021

The glycolipid product obtained from soy lecithin can function as a water-in-oil emulsifier, as an oleogelator and as an antiviral agent.
Urolithin A alleviates advanced glycation end-product formation by altering protein structures, trapping methylglyoxal and forming complexes
Authors: Peng Chun-yan , Zhu Hua-dong , Zhang Lu , Li Xiao-feng , Zhou Wen-na , Tu Zong-cai
Published: October 2021

UroA alleviated AGEs formation in HSA–fructose system by changing HSA structure, trapping reactive MGO, forming UroA–HSA complexes, and altering the glycation activity of Lys residues.
Precise sample metering method by coordinated burst action of hydrophobic burst valves applied to dried blood spot collection
Authors: Vloemans Dries , Van Hileghem Lorenz , Verbist Wannes , Thomas Debby , Dal Dosso Francesco , Lammertyn Jeroen
Published: October 2021

Novel passive microfluidic concept for precise volume metering and its use for high quality dried blood spot sample preparation.
Nanoparticles sandwiched in hollow amorphous metal–organic frameworks with enhanced diffusion for highly selective benzene oxidation
Authors: Srinivasapriyan Vijayan
Published: October 2021

We designed a series of hollow amorphous nanomaterials based on aMIL-100 with metal nodes of Fe, Cr, Al and Sc by sandwiching nanoparticles in between hollow amorphous metal–organic frameworks with enhanced diffusion for highly selective benzene oxidation.
Ultrastretchable conductive liquid metal composites enabled by adaptive interfacial polarization
Authors: Cao Chunyan , Huang Xin , Lv Dong , Ai Liqing , Chen Weilong , Hou Changshun , Yi Bo , Luo Jingdong , Yao Xi
Published: October 2021

The adaptive polar–polar interactions between the PVDF copolymer and the gallium oxide layer bring advantageous manipulation of LM compartments in the polymer matrix, offering stable conductivity under continuous stretching.
Eco-friendly and facile synthesis of size-controlled spherical silica particles from rice husk
Authors: Kim Seongseop , Park Ji Yeon , Gu Yang Mo , Jang Il-Seop , Park Hayoung , Oh Kyeong Keun , Lee Jin Hyung , Chun Jinyoung
Published: October 2021

Herein, we developed a method for obtaining size-controlled spherical silica from rice husk using an eco-friendly and simplified process.
Investigation on NiWO4/PANI composite as an electrode material for energy storage devices
Authors: Rajkumar S. , Gowri S. , Dhineshkumar S. , Merlin J. Princy , Sathiyan A.
Published: October 2021

NiWO4/PANI was synthesized by an in situ chemical oxidative polymerization route. Incorporation of NiWO4 in a PANI matrix rendered high specific capacitance and salient morphological features.
Li5Cs(SO4)3: a potential zero-order wave plate material with short deep-ultraviolet cutoff edge
Authors: Yan Yuchen , Chen Yanna , Jiang Bao , Jing Qun , Zhang Jun
Published: October 2021

A reversible phase transition Li5Cs(SO4)3 single crystal with transparency ranging from 180 nm to 4.7 μm has been obtained, which is a potential zero-order DUV wave plate material with small birefringence properties.
Random lasing carbon dot fibers for multilevel anti-counterfeiting
Authors: Ni Yiqun , Wan Honghao , Liang Wenqing , Zhang Shaofeng , Xu Xuesong , Li Ling , Shao Yonghong , Ruan Shuangchen , Zhang Wenfei
Published: October 2021

Random lasing is achieved from carbon dot fibers. Tunability of the lasing wavelength and threshold, which are key to achieving multilevel anti-counterfeiting, is realized by controlling the thermal decomposition time and fiber diameter.
Anisotropic Janus materials: from micro-/nanostructures to applications
Authors: Peng Zhouliang , Huang Jinxia , Guo Zhiguang
Published: October 2021

In this review, we highlight recent advances in the application of Janus membranes and Janus particles, as well as our understanding of the construction of Janus materials, with a particular emphasis on the microstructure of Janus materials.
Co-doping optimized hydrogel-elastomer micro-actuators for versatile biomimetic motions
Authors: Pan Yi , Lee Lik Ho , Yang Zhenyu , Hassan Sammer Ul , Shum Ho Cheung
Published: October 2021

We introduce a co-doping-based fabrication of stimuli-responsive hydrogel-elastomer actuators. Based on this actuator, a series of bio-inspired soft micro-robots are developed, demonstrating biomimetic motions, such as grabbing, crawling and jumping.
Visible-light-mediated decarboxylative alkylation of 2-pyridone derivatives via a C3-selective C–H functionalization
Authors: Niwetmarin Worawat , Saruengkhanphasit Rungroj , Eurtivong Chatchakorn , Ruchirawat Somsak
Published: October 2021

A site-selective C–H functionalization of 2-pyridone derivatives involving the photochemistry of redox active esters has been developed.
Electrochemical properties of anthraquinone-containing polymer nanocomposite by nano-level molecular ordering
Authors: Kim Wonbin , Ahmad Zubair , Lee Hong-Joon , Yoo Seung Jo , Shim Jae-Jin , Lee Jae-Suk
Published: October 2021

We prepared a novel redox polymer nanocomposite containing anthraquinione via polymerization of TMCP.
Dye-modified silica–anatase nanoparticles for the ultrasensitive fluorogenic detection of the improvised explosive TATP in an air microfluidic device
Authors: Lapcinska Sindija , Revilla-Cuesta Andrea , Abajo-Cuadrado Irene , Cuevas José V. , Avella Manuel , Arsenyan Pavel , Torroba Tomás
Published: October 2021

We describe the proof of concept of a portable testing setup for the detection of triacetone triperoxide (TATP), a common component in improvised explosive devices.
Kinetic resolution of azaflavanonesviaa RuPHOX-Ru catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation
Authors: Zhu Yue , Zhou Jiayu , Li Jing , Xu Kai , Ye Jianxun , Lu Yufei , Liu Delong , Zhang Wanbin
Published: October 2021

The kinetic resolution of azaflavanones has been establishedviaRuPHOX-Ru catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation, providing chiral azaflavanones and azaflavanols in high yields with up to >20 : 1 dr and 99.7% ee.
Designing hydrophobic bacterial cellulose film composites assisted by sound waves
Authors: Ybañez Manolito G. , Camacho Drexel H.
Published: October 2021

Ultrasonic treatment of bacterial cellulose increased the degree of material impregnation such as graphene oxide into the fiber network that altered the hydrophobic properties of the BC-based composite films.
Microscopic mechanism of light-induced tetrazole-quinone 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition: a MS-CASPT2 theoretical investigation
Authors: He Yang , Xu Dong-Hui , Zhang Yan-Jun , Zhang Chun , Guo Jian-Min , Li Laicai , Liang Xiao-Qin
Published: October 2021

The microscopic mechanisms of light-induced tetrazole-quinone 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition are elucidated using high level MS-CASPT2 calculations.
An ultrafast enzyme-free acoustic technique for detaching adhered cells in microchannels
Authors: Salari Alinaghi , Appak-Baskoy Sila , Coe Imogen R. , Tsai Scott S. H. , Kolios Michael C.
Published: October 2021

We report a novel acoustofluidic method for detaching adhered cells from microchannel surfaces. This method enables a rapid (i.e., on the order of seconds), cost-effective, and easy-to-operate cell detachment strategy with high cellular viability.
Role of tribochemistry reactions of B4C on tribofilm growth at a PEEK–steel interface in simulated body fluids
Authors: Liu Gen , Li Guitao , Zhao Fuyan , Myshkin Nikolai K. , Zhang Ga
Published: October 2021

Hydrolysis of B4C particles triggered by friction and deposition of Ca2+ and phosphate ions dominate formation of the barrier layer. The barrier layer endows the PEEK–metal sliding pair enhanced anti-wear and anti-corrosion performance.
Revisiting the covalent nature of halogen bonding: a polarized three-center four-electron bond
Authors: Li Dan , Xia Tao , Feng Wanwan , Cheng Longjiu
Published: October 2021

The halogen bond could be described with a polarized 3c-4e bond.
Synthetic control over polymorph formation in the d-band semiconductor system FeS2
Authors: Ma KeYuan , Lefèvre Robin , Li Qingtian , Lago Jorge , Blacque Olivier , Yang Wanli , von Rohr Fabian O.
Published: October 2021

Pyrite, also known as fool's gold is the thermodynamic stable polymorph of FeS2.
Colorimetric assay based on iron(iii) ions triggering the aggregation of a poly(tannic acid) coated Au nanocomposite for carbonic anhydrase II detection
Authors: Pan Jiale , Yang Junjiao , Yao Shiman , Yang Jing
Published: October 2021

A visual sensor of AuNP@PTA@Fe3+-loading MSNs was developed for detection of CA II. A significant color change from colorless to pink-purple at CA II concentrations ranging from 50–700 nM was distinguished with the naked eyes.
Sulfur vacancies engineered over Cd0.5Zn0.5S by Yb3+/Er3+ co-doping for enhancing photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Mu Ping , Zhou Man , Yang Kai , Zhou Chensheng , Mi Yuan , Yu Zhenzhen , Lu Kangqiang , Li Zhengquan , Ouyang Shaobo , Huang Weiya , Yu Changlin
Published: October 2021

Sulfur vacancies can improve photocatalytic properties, which can be the center of the electrons-captured state to promote the separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers.
A 3D-printed integrated MXene-based evaporator with a vertical array structure for salt-resistant solar desalination
Authors: Yang Yi , Fan Wei , Yuan Shijia , Tian Jing , Chao Guojie , Liu Tianxi
Published: October 2021

A 3D integrated MXene-based evaporator, combining polyimide/MXene (PIM) aerogel arrays as the upper layer and polyimide (PI) aerogel lattices as the bottom layer, can achieve efficient photo-to-heat conversion and excellent salt-resistance in the same system.
Development of copper vacancy defects in a silver-doped CuS nanoplatform for high-efficiency photothermal–chemodynamic synergistic antitumor therapy
Authors: Qin Zizhen , Qiu Mengjun , Zhang Quanyuan , Yang Shenli , Liao Guangfu , Xiong Zhifan , Xu Zushun
Published: October 2021

The combination of chemodynamic and photothermal materials can not only improve the therapeutic effect of chemodynamic therapy (CDT) by thermal stimulation, but also play a synergistic therapeutic role.
A multifunctional nano-delivery system enhances the chemo-co-phototherapy of tumor multidrug resistance via mitochondrial-targeting and inhibiting P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux
Authors: Zhao Runze , Ning Xiaoyue , Wang Mengqi , Yu Ao , Wang Yongjian
Published: October 2021

A nano-delivery system was developed to overcome MDR by the synergism of chemotherapy, PDT, PTT and inhibiting P-glycoprotein function.
EDTMP ligand-enhanced water interactions endowing iron oxide nanoparticles with dual-modal MRI contrast ability
Authors: Hao Lili , Wang Peng , Wu Zhenxu , Wang Zongliang , Wang Yu , Zhu Yongzhan , Xu Zhiqiang , Guo Min , Ji Jiansong , Zhang Peibiao
Published: October 2021

Modifying a super-hydrophily ligand to the surface of IO NPs for endowing NPs with T1–T2 dual-modal MRI contrast effect.
Fundamentals and exploration of aggregation-induced emission molecules for amyloid protein aggregation
Authors: Tang Yijing , Zhang Dong , Zhang Yanxian , Liu Yonglan , Cai Lirong , Plaster Eleanor , Zheng Jie
Published: October 2021

This review provides a first systematic summary of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) molecules for amyloid protein aggregates associated with neurodegenerative diseases.
Sky-blue delayed fluorescence molecules based on pyridine-substituted acridone for efficient organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Xu Jingwen , Wu Xing , Guo Jingjing , Zhao Zujin , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: October 2021

Novel sky-blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence molecules with aggregation-induced emission are developed, which provide sky-blue electroluminescence (482–492 nm) and high external quantum efficiencies (21.8–26.8%).
Spin structures and band gap reduction of high-pressure triple perovskite Mn3MnTa2O9
Authors: Solana-Madruga Elena , Ritter Clemens , Mentré Olivier , Arévalo-López Ángel M.
Published: October 2021

The transition-metal-only Mn3MnTa2O9triple perovskite structure with 1 : 2 B-site order has been prepared by high pressure synthesis. It shows a complex modulated magnetic structure and a 25% band gap reduction from its room pressure polymorph.
IFIT3 (interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 3) modulates STAT1 expression in small extracellular vesicles
Authors: Naranjo Nicole M. , Salem Israa , Harris Maisha A. , Languino Lucia R.
Published: October 2021

We have previously shown that the αvβ6 integrin plays a key role in promoting prostate cancer (PrCa) and it can be transferred to recipient cells via small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). Furthermore, we have reported in a proteomic analysis that αvβ6 integrin down-regulation increases the expression of IFIT3 (interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 3) in PrCa cells and their derived sEVs. IFIT3 is a protein well known for being an antiviral effector, but recently its role in cancer has also been elucidated. To study the relationship between IFIT3 and STAT1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 1), an upstream regulator of IFIT3, in PrCa cells and their released sEVs, we used CRISPR/Cas9 techniques to down-regulate the expression of the β6 integrin subunit, IFIT3 or STAT1. Our results show that IFIT3 and STAT1 are highly expressed in PrCa cells devoid of the β6 integrin subunit. However, IFIT3 but not STAT1, is present in sEVs derived from PrCa cells lacking the β6 integrin subunit. We demonstrate that loss of IFIT3 generates sEVs enriched in STAT1 but reduces the levels of STAT1 in the cells. As expected, IFIT3 is not detectable in STAT1 negative cells or sEVs. We thus propose that the observed STAT1 enrichment in sEVs is a compensatory mechanism for the loss of IFIT3. Overall, these results provide new insights into the intrinsic role of IFIT3 as a regulator of STAT1 expression in sEVs and in intercellular communication in PrCa.
Searching for an additional high-energy component in Fermi-LAT GRB afterglows
Authors: He Xin-Bo , Thomas Tam Pak-Hin , Long Guang-Bo , Sarathi Pal Partha , Zhang Yong , Zhang Li-Jun
Published: October 2021

Context. The very high-energy (VHE; ≥100 GeV) component from at least two gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), that is, GRB 180720B and GRB 190114C, has been detected in the afterglow phase. It is widely discussed that the GeV to TeV emission originated from a synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) process. The VHE component may cause an upturn at the high-energy spectral ends in the Fermi-Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) observing band.

Aims. We aim to find out whether an additional high-energy component commonly exists in the afterglows of Fermi-LAT GRBs. This study will help us to better understand how common it is for a GRB afterglow detected by Fermi-LAT to involve a VHE component.

Methods. First, we selected the GRBs that emit ≥10 GeV photons. The ≥10 GeV photons can be considered as a plausible proxy for a VHE component. We systematically analyzed 199 GRBs detected by Fermi-LAT from 2008–2019. If an additional high-energy component exists in the afterglows of Fermi-LAT GRBs, the best-fit spectral model could be a broken power law (BPL) model with an upturn above a break energy. We compared the afterglow spectra using power-law (PL) and BPL representations.

Results. Out of the 30 GRBs with ≥10 GeV photons that arrived after T90 (the time duration when 90% of the prompt emission was detected), 25 GRBs are tentatively or significantly detected at 0.1–200 GeV after 2 ×  T90. The spectrum of GRB 131231A shows an upturn above an energy break of 1.6 ± 0.8 GeV, supporting the BPL model. For GRB 131231A, we performed a modeling of its X-ray and γ-ray spectra and found that the SSC model can explain the upturn with acceptable parameter values. In the cases of GRB 190114C, GRB 171210A, GRB 150902A, GRB 130907A, GRB 130427A, and GRB 090902B, the improvement of the BPL fit compared to the PL fit is tentative or marginal.

Conclusions. There is no conclusive evidence that an additional higher energy component commonly exists in Fermi-LAT GRB afterglows, except for the group of Fermi-LAT GRBs mentioned above. Such an additional high-energy component may be explained by the SSC mechanism. Current and future VHE observations will provide important constraints on the issue.
Young giants of intermediate mass
Authors: Lombardo Linda , François Patrick , Bonifacio Piercarlo , Caffau Elisabetta , del Mar Matas Pinto Aroa , Charbonnel Corinne , Meynet Georges , Monaco Lorenzo , Cescutti Gabriele , Mucciarelli Alessio
Published: October 2021

Context.In the search of a sample of metal-poor bright giants using Strömgren photometry, we serendipitously found a sample of 26 young (ages younger than 1 Gyr) metal-rich giants, some of which have high rotational velocities.

Aims.We determined the chemical composition and rotational velocities of these stars in order to compare them with predictions from stellar evolution models. These stars where of spectral type A to B when on the main sequence, and we therefore wished to compare their abundance pattern to that of main-sequence A and B stars.

Methods.Stellar masses were derived by comparison of the position of the stars in the colour-magnitude diagram with theoretical evolutionary tracks. These masses, together withGaiaphotometry and parallaxes, were used to derive the stellar parameters. We used spectrum synthesis and model atmospheres to determine chemical abundances for 16 elements (C, N, O, Mg, Al, Ca, Fe, Sr, Y, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, and Eu) and rotational velocities.

Results.The age-metallicity degeneracy can affect photometric metallicity calibrations. We identify 15 stars as likely binary stars. All stars are in prograde motion around the Galactic centre and belong to the thin-disc population. All but one of the sample stars present low [C/Fe] and high [N/Fe] ratios together with constant [(C+N+O)/Fe], suggesting that they have undergone CNO processing and first dredge-up. The observed rotational velocities are in line with theoretical predictions of the evolution of rotating stars.
The structure and characteristic scales of the H I gas in galactic disks
Authors: Dib Sami , Braine Jonathan , Gopinathan Maheswar , Lara-López Maritza A. , Kravtsov Valery V. , Soam Archana , Sharma Ekta , Zhukovska Svitlana , Aouad Charles , Belinchón José Antonio , Helou George , Li Di
Published: October 2021

The spatial distribution of the H I gas in galactic disks holds important clues about the physical processes that shape the structure and dynamics of the interstellar medium (ISM). The structure of the ISM could be affected by a variety of perturbations internal and external to the galaxy, and the unique signature of each of these perturbations could be visible in the structure of interstellar gas. In this work, we quantify the structure of the H I gas in a sample of 33 nearby galaxies taken from the HI Nearby Galaxy Survey (THINGS) using the delta-variance (Δ-variance) spectrum. The THINGS galaxies display a large diversity in their spectra, but there are a number of recurrent features. In many galaxies, we observe a bump in the spectrum on scales of a few to several hundred parsec. We find the characteristic scales associated with the bump to be correlated with the galactic star formation rate (SFR) for values of the SFR ≳0.5 M⊙ yr−1 and also with the median size of the H I shells detected in these galaxies. We interpret this characteristic scale as being associated with the effects of feedback from supernova explosions. On larger scales, we observe in most galaxies two self-similar, scale-free regimes. The first regime, on intermediate scales (≲0.5R25), is shallow, and the power law that describes this regime has an exponent in the range [0.1–1] with a mean value of 0.55 that is compatible with the density field that is generated by supersonic turbulence in the cold phase of the H I gas. The second power law is steeper, with a range of exponents between 0.5 and 2.3 and a mean value of ≈1.5. These values are associated with subsonic to transonic turbulence, which is characteristic of the warm phase of the H I gas. The spatial scale at which the transition between the two self-similar regimes occurs is found to be ≈0.5R25, which is very similar to the size of the molecular disk in the THINGS galaxies. Overall, our results suggest that on scales ≲0.5R25, the structure of the ISM is affected by the effects of supernova explosions. On larger scales (≳0.5R25), stellar feedback has no significant impact, and the structure of the ISM is determined by large-scale processes that govern the dynamics of the gas in the warm neutral medium, such as the flaring of the H I disk at large galactocentric radii and the effects of ram pressure stripping.
Le Carrière Motion Appliance (CMA) dans les Classes II subdivisions
Authors: Queralto Isabel
Published: October 2021

La Classe II subdivision est une malocclusion asymétrique de Classe II. Elle peut être d’origine dentaire, maxillaire, mandibulaire ou mixte.

Si son diagnostic étiologique est primordial pour une stabilité des résultats, sa prise en charge après nivellement des arcades peut rallonger le temps de traitement.

Le Carrière Motion Appliance (CMA) est un outil simple et efficient, dont l’utilisation s’est largement développée cette dernière décennie. Il a été présenté par Luis Carrière en 2004 comme un dispositif de correction inter-maxillaire de la Classe II. Les principes cliniques du CMA sont basés sur l’obtention de la Classe I dès le début du traitement quand la coopération du patient est la plus importante, l’alignement dentaire et l’intercuspidation se poursuivant dans un deuxième temps, aussi bien en technique multibague que par aligneurs. Outre son efficience, la possibilité de suivi à distance en période de pandémie en fait un outil de choix incontestable de notre arsenal ortho-dontique.

Ce dispositif orthodontique est présenté le plus souvent chez les patients Classe II brachyfaciaux. À présent, un diagnostic étiologique préalable de la malocclusion ainsi que la compréhension de la mécanique du CMA, utilisé seul ou en association avec des mini-vis d’ancrage, nous permettent d’en étendre son utilisation aux Classe II subdivisons d’origine aussi bien maxillaire, mandibulaire que mixte.
Zum Beitrag: Qualität der Versorgung sehr kleiner Frühgeborener in Deutschland – Auswertung öffentlich verfügbarer Daten der Perinatalzentren von 2014 bis 2018
Authors: Heller Günther , Rossi Rainer , Thomas Teresa
Published: October 2021

Wir begrüßen den Beitrag von Prof. Trotter 1 mit Blick auf Volume-Outcome-Effekte in der Versorgung von sehr kleinen Frühgeborenen, insbesondere auch unter Berücksichtigung des von uns einführten Konzeptes der risikoadjustieren Fallzahlen 2, im Sinne eines wissenschaftlich offenen Diskurses. Wir freuen uns ausdrücklich über das anhaltende Interesse an dieser Thematik wie auch über die Tatsache, dass auch Prof. Trotter grundsätzlich ähnliche Volume-Outcome-Zusammenhänge wie wir beschreibt. Dabei hatte Prof. Trotter (von geringfügigen unterjährigen Veränderungen abgesehen) in Teilen die gleiche Datenbasis wie wir genutzt 3. So kann konstatiert werden, dass dort wo die Analysen vergleichbar sind, sich erfreulicherweise nahezu identische Ergebnisse darstellen 4. Zwar können wir nur spekulieren, aufgrund welcher Analyse bzw. Beobachtung sich in der Arbeit von Prof. Trotter die Aussage ableitet, dass Volume-Outcome-Effekte maßgeblich nur durch größere Perinatalzentren getrieben werden, ungeachtet dessen passt diese Aussage zu der von uns beschriebenen hohen „optimalen Mindestmenge“ 3.
On infinitesimal generators and Feynman–Kac integrals of adelic diffusion
Authors: Weisbart David
Published: October 2021

For each prime p, a Vladimirov operator with a positive exponent specifies a p-adic diffusion equation and a measure on the Skorokhod space of p-adic paths. The product, P, of these measures with a fixed exponent is a probability measure on the product of the p-adic path spaces. The adelic paths have full measure if and only if the sum, σ, of the diffusion constants is finite. Finiteness of σ implies that there is an adelic Vladimirov operator, ΔA, and an associated diffusion equation whose fundamental solution gives rise to the measure induced by P on an adelic Skorokhod space. For a wide class of potentials, the dynamical semigroups associated with adelic Schrödinger operators with free part ΔA have path integral representations.
Cubic crystal elastic constants of a white dwarf stellar core determined via modal analysis
Authors: Pestka K. A. , Crews A. M. , Highley R. C. , Deale L. K.
Published: October 2021

In this work, we present the cubic crystal elastic constants of a fully crystallized white dwarf stellar core. Elastic constants were calculated utilizing modal analysis of three-dimensional single-layer and stratified multi-layer crystalline core models. The models were generated using a Fortran based forward calculation algorithm in combination with a finite element modeling software program and were based on the parameters associated with the pulsating crystallized white dwarf BPM 37093. The calculated cubic crystal elastic constants, in comparison with elastic parameters of theoretical Coulomb crystal models of white dwarf matter, differed by, at most, a few orders of magnitude. In addition, the crystallized stellar core elastic parameters produced associated vibrational modes and frequencies that are consistent with the periodicity observed in BPM 37093.
Efficient current-driven magnetization switching owing to isotropic magnetism in a highly symmetric 111-oriented Mn4N epitaxial single layer
Authors: Isogami Shinji , Rajamanickam Nagalingam , Kozuka Yusuke , Takahashi Yukiko K.
Published: October 2021

We investigated in-plane current-induced magnetization switching in a Mn4N epitaxial single layer. Efficient magnetization switching was detected via the measurement of anomalous Hall resistivity after the application of current pulses, with a duration of 1 s, to the 111-oriented Mn4N film compared with a reference 001-oriented Mn4N film. The threshold current density of magnetization switching with 0.5 s pulse durations, Jc ≈ 1 MA/cm2, was relatively low compared with that reported for magnetic tunnel junctions and/or ferromagnet/heavy metal bilayer systems. The relatively low Jc in the 111-oriented film was attributed to the low magnetic anisotropy on the (111) plane of Mn4N owing to the isotropic crystal symmetry as revealed by x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy as a reduced switching barrier boosts the probability of magnetization switching. It was concluded that manipulation of the magnetic anisotropy based on the crystal orientation is one of the promising approaches to develop materials suitable for application in highly efficient switching devices with Mn4N layers.
Viscous extension of vortex methods for unsteady aerodynamics
Authors: dos Santos C. R. , Rezaei A. S. , Taha H. E.
Published: October 2021

The Kutta condition has been extensively used to determine aerodynamic loads of steady and unsteady flows over airfoils. Nevertheless, the application of this condition to unsteady flows has been controversial for decades. A viscous correction to the Kutta condition was recently developed by matching the potential flow solution with a special boundary layer theory that resolves the flow field in the immediate vicinity of the trailing edge: the triple-deck boundary layer theory. In this work, we utilize this viscous condition to extend two common numerical methods for unsteady aerodynamics to capture viscous effects on the dynamics of unsteady lift and pitching moment—we develop viscous versions of the traditional discrete vortex method and unsteady vortex lattice/panel method. The resulting aerodynamic loads obtained from the proposed numerical models are compared against higher-fidelity simulations of unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations for an airfoil undergoing step, harmonic, and complex maneuvers. The obtained results are consistently in better agreement with the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulations in comparison to their potential flow counterpart. In conclusion, the developed numerical methods are capable of capturing (i) unsteady effects; (ii) viscous effects (e.g., viscosity-induced lag) on the dynamics of lift and moment at high frequencies and low Reynolds numbers; and (iii) wake deformation, for arbitrary time-varying motion.
Multiphase smoothed particle hydrodynamics modeling of diffusive flow through porous media
Authors: Li Xu , Yuan Dekui , Zhang Zhibo
Published: October 2021

This paper presents a numerical model using smoothed particle hydrodynamics for simulating diffusive flow in porous media with spatially varying porosity, especially when high permeability permits fast flow. The governing equations are based on a two-phase mixture theory that describes porosity in terms of stationary solid particles carrying information about volume fraction. The diffusion equation is first validated by application to two-dimensional diffusion within a square box. The continuity and momentum equations taking account of porosity are then validated by simulating Darcy seepage flow in a U-tube filled with a porous medium. Good agreement between numerical results and predicted data is obtained, demonstrating the validity of the multiphase model. Finally, the model is applied to diffusion in a two-dimensional dam-break flow through a porous structure.
In memoriam: Professor Roger Valentine Short AM FRSE FRS FAA, 31 July 1930 to 6 August 2021
Authors: Findlay Jock , Shaw Geoff , Temple-Smith Peter
Published: October 2021

Professor Short was a great scholar, researcher, teacher, mentor and raconteur whose research spanned 60 years and an incredible breadth of topics.
Reduction in gene expression noise by targeted increase in accessibility at gene loci
Authors: Fraser LaTasha C. R. , Dikdan Ryan J. , Dey Supravat , Singh Abhyudai , Tyagi Sanjay
Published: October 2021

Significance

Many genes in higher organisms are transcribed intermittently rather than continuously. The mechanisms behind this phenomenon, which is often referred to as “noise” in gene expression, are not clear. Building on previous work, we show that this behavior arises because the regulatory regions of eukaryotic genes are usually sequestered within dense chromatin and become accessible to transcription factors only intermittently because of random local decondensation events in chromatin. We constitutively opened the chromatin at the promoters of two genes, which resulted in a reduction in the noise in their transcription. This perturbation reveals that the natural compaction of chromatin is responsible for noisy gene expression and also shows a route to selectively reducing the transcriptional noise from particular genes.
COVID-19 cynomolgus macaque model reflecting human COVID-19 pathological conditions
Authors: Urano Emiko , Okamura Tomotaka , Ono Chikako , Ueno Shiori , Nagata Satoshi , Kamada Haruhiko , Higuchi Mahoko , Furukawa Mugi , Kamitani Wataru , Matsuura Yoshiharu , Kawaoka Yoshihiro , Yasutomi Yasuhiro
Published: October 2021

Significance

COVID-19 has shown severe pathogenicity in people with underlying diseases and in elderly people. It is necessary to elucidate the pathological conditions in patients with underlying diseases and in elderly patients. The use of appropriate animal models of COVID-19 is required for the development of pharmaceutical products; however, usually healthy young animals are used as experimental animals. Cynomolgus macaques with various clinical conditions and ages were infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and there was a difference in pathological condition between young individuals and old-aged individuals with underlying diseases; therefore, the COVID-19 cynomolgus monkey model reflecting the pathophysiology of humans would be useful for elucidating the pathophysiology and developing therapeutic and prophylactic agents.
Improving health and economic security by reducing work schedule uncertainty
Authors: Harknett Kristen , Schneider Daniel , Irwin Véronique
Published: October 2021

Significance

Alongside wages, work schedules are a fundamental component of job quality, yet work schedules are largely unregulated in the US labor market. In 2017, Seattle became the second large US city to pass fair workweek legislation. Seattle’s Secure Scheduling ordinance aims to increase schedule predictability by requiring employers to provide 2 wk notice of work schedules, among other provisions. Our paper shows that Seattle’s law not only increased schedule predictability but also improved subjective well-being, sleep quality, and economic security. The law had no effect on reports of psychological distress. Using the natural experiment afforded by Seattle’s fair workweek law, we provide causal evidence that uncertainty about work time has harmful effects on worker happiness, sleep quality, and material hardship.
Relative entropy effects on the processing of spoken Romanian verbs
Authors: Nenadić Filip , Milin Petar , Tucker Benjamin V.
Published: October 2021

A multitude of studies show the relevance of both inflectional paradigms (word form frequency distributions, i.e.,
inflectional entropy) and inflectional classes (whole class frequency distributions) for visual lexical processing. Their
interplay has also been proven significant, measured as the difference between paradigm and class frequency distributions
(relative entropy). Relative entropy effects have now been recorded in nouns, verbs, adjectives, and prepositional phrases.
However, all of these studies used visual stimuli – either written words or picture-naming tasks. The goal of our study is to test
whether the effects of relative entropy can also be captured in the auditory modality. Forty young native speakers of Romanian
(60% female) living in Serbia as part of the Romanian ethnic minority participated in an auditory lexical decision task. Stimuli
were 168 Romanian verbs from two inflectional classes. Verbs were presented in four forms: present and imperfect 1st person
singular, present 3rd person plural, and imperfect 2nd person plural. The results show that relative entropy influences both
response accuracy and response latency. We discuss alternative operationalizations of relative entropy and how they can help us
test hypotheses about the structure of the mental lexicon.
The impact of embodied simulation in vocabulary learning
Authors: Versace Rémy , Bailloud Nicolas , Magnan Annie , Ecalle Jean
Published: October 2021

The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the multisensory nature of vocabulary knowledge by using learning designed to encourage the simulation of sensorimotor experiences.

Forty participants were instructed to learn pseudowords together with arbitrary definitions, either by mentally experiencing (sensorimotor simulation) the definitions, or by mentally repeating them. A test phase consisting of three tasks was then administered: in a recognition task, participants had to recognize learned pseudowords among distractors. In a categorization task, they had to categorize pseudowords as representing either living or non-living items. Finally, in a sentence completion task, participants had to decide whether pseudowords were congruent with context sentences. As expected, the sensorimotor simulation condition induced better performances only in the categorization task and the sentence completion task. The results converge with data from the literature in demonstrating that knowledge emergence implies sensorimotor simulation and showing that vocabulary learning can benefit from encoding that encourages the simulation of sensorimotor experiences.
Distinct roles for CaV1.1’s voltage-sensing domains
Authors: Short Ben
Published: October 2021

Study reveals how a slowly activating calcium channel is able to control rapid excitation–contraction coupling in skeletal muscle.
Progress on growth of metal halide perovskites by vapor-phase synthesis and their applications
Authors: Xiang Yang , Mo Xindi , Li Xing , Huang Keqing , He Pei , Dai Guozhang , Yang Junliang
Published: October 2021

Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) show excellent optoelectronic properties and exhibit great potential applications in optoelectronic devices, such as solar cells (SCs), photodetectors, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), lasers, and so on. Vapor-phase synthesis provides an important way to grow large-scale, high-quality MHP thin films and micro-/nanostructures, exhibiting wide applications in constructing all kinds of optoelectronic devices. In this review, we systematically summarize the growth of perovskite thin film and the nano-/microstructure by vapor-phase synthesis. The detailed classification of vapor-phase synthesis is first introduced, and the effects of the substrates on the growth process are discussed subsequently. Then, the applications of perovskite thin films and micro-/nanostructures grown by vapor-phase synthesis in SCs, photodetectors, LEDs, lasers, and so forth, are discussed in detail. Finally, the conclusions and outlook are presented.
Development of a novel microforce-generating machine based on a force generation method using electromagnetic force
Authors: Zhu Junfang , Hayashi Toshiyuki , Nishino Atsuhiro , Ogushi Koji
Published: October 2021

Herein, we report the development of a microforce-generating machine using electromagnetic force based on the principles of a Kibble balance to establish microforce traceability for ensuring the reliability of microforce measurements. We proposed a rotary-type microforce-generating machine using a combination of a balancing arm, a coil, and magnets. The microforce was generated through the balancing arm from the electromagnetic torque acting between the coil and magnets. The device eigenvalue, which served as the proportionality factor associated with the magnetic and geometric properties, was evaluated experimentally. The relationships between the eigenvalue and the temperature of the neodymium magnets, the rotation direction of the neodymium magnets, and the inclination of the balancing arm were discussed. The repeatability and reproducibility of the realized microforce were evaluated at force steps of 10 and 20 mN, and they were in the range of 3.8 × 10−5–3.9 × 10−4. We demonstrated that a microforce transducer could be calibrated using the proposed machine.
Synthesis of transparent bio-electrodes for biophysiological measurements based on modified graphene oxide
Authors: Maher Ashraf , Mahmoud Mohamed S , Saba Ashraf Mahroos Said
Published: October 2021

The main objective of this work was to fabricate smart nanocomposite transparent conductive biophysiological electrodes based on modified graphene oxide (GO). The GO is abundant, flexible conductors that can be formulated as a transparent sheet and thereby alleviate the drawbacks of using indium tin oxide in transparent electrodes, like its scarcity, brittleness, and cost. GO was synthesized by a modified version of Hummers’ method under highly acidic conditions with sulfuric acid and showed good distribution at a high temperature of 90 °C. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was used as a polymer host in the composite. Glycerol (Gl) was used to increase the flexibility and conductivity through an esterification reaction. Characteristic techniques were used to detect the morphology and structure of GO fillers and their polymer composites, such as transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The GO/Gl/PVA transparent nanocomposite was tested for the synthesis of electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrodermal (EDA) electrodes. The Biopac device was used to evaluate the behavior of the GO/Gl/PVA plastic transparent electrode in comparison to the GO/Gl/PVA black electrode and a commercial one. The results indicated improved efficiency of the GO/Gl/PVA ECG transparent electrode. The GO/Gl/PVA EDA electrode produced signals with higher conductivity and lower noise than the commercial electrode.