bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of dangerous situations generated by explosive materials in non-compliant operations performed on industrial locations intended for their storage
Authors: Radeanu Cristian , Vasilescu Gabriel , Jitea Ciprian , Radermacher Ladislau , Ilcea Gabriel
Published: December 2022

Design and efficient implementation of OSH management in the field of explosives for civilian use, having the effect of optimizing the activity of preventing unwanted events blast type specific to industrial locations intended for the preparation / storage of explosives for civil use, constitutes it explosion risk assessment which represents the integrated expression of the configuration components of this type of risk within the different accident scenarios. No matter what it's about a component within the location or his integral technical infrastructure such an analysis allows the identification and ranking of site specific accident hazards to be assessed, in order to properly allocate security resources for priority measures to prevent and combat / eliminate the causes of these types of dangerous events. To this end, the ”Security Document” specific to the industrial site intended for specific operations with explosive materials must demonstrate that: an appropriate accident prevention policy and an effective safety management system have been implemented; the dangers of injury are identified and the necessary measures are taken to prevent them and to limit their consequences for man and the environment; in design any installations has been incorporated adequate safety and reliability for construction, operation and maintenance; emergency plans have been drawn up.
Legislative aspects at national and international level regarding the exploitation of gold-silver deposits
Authors: Grigorescu Paul
Published: December 2022

In Romania, mining is a historical, traditional occupation, attested since antiquity, when the Romans came here to extract gold and other base metals from the underground mines in our mountains. The exploitation of gold and silver deposits is still important for the economic and social development of the country. Generally, these ores are essential for modern life, so their exploitation must be regulated so as to respond effectively to these needs. Legislation in this field has an important role in promoting and supporting the exploitation of gold and silver deposits. Nationally, the mining activity is regulated by the Mining Law no. 85/2003, a law which, from my point of view, does not effectively ensure the mechanisms on the basis of which the capitalization of mineral resources should be done as smoothly as possible. At European Union level, the legislation contains a wide range of obligations and rights regarding the mining of natural resources and deposits, which the competent public authorities in the Member States must enforce. In countries with tradition in the field of gold-silver mining, the laws referring to the extractive sectors are developed in accordance with the interests of the citizens. This system provides sufficient opportunities for civil society participation in decision-making. This paper identifies the main legislative aspects that can be improved to create a fair legal framework for the exploitation and capitalization of precious metal deposits in Romania.
Research on the setting of maximum pressure in salt caverns intended for CO2 storage
Authors: Popescu Sorinel , Radu Mihai Sorin , Vîlceanu Florin , Dinescu Stela
Published: December 2022

The caverns are built in the salt massifs, by dissolving the salt at depths from 150 m to 1000÷2000m, and can have a volume between 5000 and 1 000 000 m3. These can provide the storage of large amounts of hydrocarbons, hydrogen or carbon dioxide. Sealing is a fundamental prerequisite for many underground works where it is necessary for the stored product to have minimal leakage. The main factors in the appearance of well leakage are: Fluid pressure distribution, geological environment, well cementing operation and cavern architecture. For a functioning cavern, fracturing the walls is a major risk, which can lead to loss of tightness. Consequently, the pressure of the stored product must be less than the absolute value of the lowest compression effort, even when a margin of safety is being taken. Knowledge of these efforts, their evolution over time and their distribution around the caverns, is the research objective for the authors of this article. For real-scale analysis, a 3D model of finite element analysis was used, using numerical modelling software for geotechnical analysis of rocks.
The widestk-set of disjoint paths problem
Authors: Ribeiro Marco Antônio , Carvalho Iago Augusto , Pereira Armando Honório
Published: December 2022

Finding disjoint and widest paths are key problems in telecommunication networks. In this paper, we study the Widestk-set of Disjoint Paths Problem (WKDPP), anNP-Hard optimization problem that considers both aspects. Given a digraphG = (N,A), WKDPP consists of computingkarc-disjoint paths between two nodes such that the sum of its minimum capacity arcs is maximized. We present three mathematical formulations for WKDPP, a symmetry-breaking inequality set, and propose two heuristic algorithms. Computational experiments compare the proposed heuristics with another from the literature to show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Bewegungstherapie 2.0
Authors: Huber Gerhard
Published: December 2022

Für die meisten chronischen Erkrankungen hat unter allen medizinischen
Interventionen die körperliche Aktivität das beste
Verhältnis von Risiko und Nutzen und wahrscheinlich auch das beste
Kosten-Nutzen-Verhältnis. Leider wird diese Option im Gesundheitssystem
noch viel zu wenig genutzt. Körperliche Aktivität ist
für die Gesundheit des Menschen systemrelevant; ist aber nur
unzureichend in das System der Gesundheitsversorgung integriert. Es ist deshalb
notwendig, die traditionellen Konzepte zu erweitern und neue Perspektiven
für die Bewegungstherapie zu eröffnen. Dabei geht es um die
Frage, wie und warum Bewegung und körperliche Aktivität wirken
und wie bewegungsbezogene Interventionen zu differenzieren sind. Neuere
Forschungen zeigen, dass für die körperliche Aktivität
z. B. auf der Ebene der Exerkine weitaus mehr Wirkmechanismen
für die Gesundheitseffekte verantwortlich sind als bisher angenommen.
Das erweiterte Spektrum der Wirkmechanismen kann u. a. die Grundlage
dafür bilden, die Konzepte für die Bewegungsförderung
und die Bewegungstherapie weiterzuentwickeln. Der Beitrag soll
Anstöße für die dazu notwendige Diskussion liefern, bei
der der Bewegungswissenschaft eine tragende Rolle zukommt.
Surgical Treatment of Sublingual Gland Ranulas
Authors: Gontarz Michał , Bargiel Jakub , Gąsiorowski Krzysztof , Marecik Tomasz , Szczurowski Paweł , Zapała Jan , Gałązka Krystyna , Wyszyńska-Pawelec Grażyna
Published: December 2022

Introduction Ranulas are divided into oral (OR) and plunging (PR) and comprise the most common pathology of the sublingual gland. This study presents a case series of patients operated due to OR and PR within different type of modalities in a 1-year period.

Objective The aim of this study is to determine the optimal surgical treatment of ranulas based on our results as well as in the literature review.

Methods The medical charts of 7 patients with sublingual gland ranulas treated in 2020 were reviewed.

Results The median age of the patients was 19. Three patients with OR were treated by marsupialization, micromarsupialization, and sublingual gland excision. Four patients with PR were operated via cervical approach in three cases and intraoral approach in one case. No recurrence was observed in 14 months of follow-up, on average.

Conclusion Micromarsupialization should be consider as the primary treatment for OR. In case of recurrent OR and primary or recurrent PR, the best results might be obtained by radical excision of the sublingual gland, which can be performed without resection of the ranula sac with the intraoral approach.
A Comprehensive Radiologic Review of Shoulder Girdle Trauma
Authors: Nasir Muhammad Umer , Alsugair Faisal , Sheikh Adnan , Ouellette Hugue , Munk Peter , Mallinson Paul
Published: December 2022

Radiologic knowledge of different fracture patterns involving the shoulder girdle is an important tool to generate clinically relevant reports, identify concomitant injuries, guide management decisions, and predict and minimize complications, such as nonunion, osteoarthritis, osteonecrosis, and hardware failure. Complex unstable injuries like scapulothoracic dissociation can also occur because of shoulder girdle trauma. Management options may vary from conservative to surgical, depending on the fracture type and patient factors. Injuries around the shoulder girdle can involve the glenohumeral articulation, scapula, superior shoulder suspensory complex, acromioclavicular joints, and scapulothoracic articulation.
Anterior Shoulder Instability
Authors: Christopher Holly W. , Grainger Andrew J.
Published: December 2022

The anatomy of the glenohumeral joint prioritizes mobility at the expense of stability and thus predisposes it to injury through dislocation. This article discusses the anatomical basis for instability and how it translates into patterns of injury, focusing on anterior instability. We suggest an approach to imaging the unstable shoulder and examine the imaging features seen in the context of anterior instability, along with consideration of postoperative appearances.
The Molecular Genetics of Colorectal Cancer, Hereditary Colorectal Cancer Syndromes, and Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Vu Joceline V. , Sommovilla Joshua
Published: December 2022

While the incidence of colorectal cancer is decreasing for adults older than 50 years, there is a rise in colorectal cancer among individuals younger than 50 (termed early-onset colorectal cancer). This increase is multifactorial and reflects differences in screening, changes in environmental factors, and other influences. In this article, we review the molecular and genetic basis of sporadic colorectal cancer as well as inherited colorectal cancer syndromes. We also summarize the epidemiology of early-onset colorectal cancer and considerations for the treatment of this population of patients.
Venous Malformations
Authors: Patel Nihal D. , Chong Anthony T. , Kolla Avani M. , Mabud Tarub S. , Kulkarni Kopal , Masrouha Karim , Taslakian Bedros , Bertino Frederic J.
Published: December 2022

Venous malformations, the most common type of vascular malformation, are slow-flow lesions resulting from disorganized angiogenesis. The International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA) classification offers a categorization scheme for venous malformations based on their genetic landscapes and association with congenital overgrowth syndromes. Venous malformations present as congenital lesions and can have broad physiologic and psychosocial sequelae depending on their size, location, growth trajectory, and tissue involvement. Diagnostic evaluation is centered around clinical examination, imaging evaluation with ultrasound and time-resolved magnetic resonance imaging, and genetic testing for more complex malformations. Interventional radiology has emerged as first-line management of venous malformations through endovascular treatment with embolization, while surgery and targeted molecular therapies offer additional therapeutic options. In this review, an updated overview of the genetics and clinical presentation of venous malformations in conjunction with key aspects of diagnostic imaging and treatment are discussed.
Right Heart Clot-in-Transit: Endovascular Therapies
Authors: Mathevosian Sipan , Ranade Mona
Published: December 2022

Right heart thrombus is a challenging high mortality disease typically seen in the setting of pulmonary embolism. Traditional treatments have included anticoagulation, thrombolysis, and surgical embolectomy. Advances in recognition and treatment of clot-in-transit have led to the development of endovascular therapies increasingly becoming the preferred method of treatment due to rapid debulking and lower morbidity. Novel endovascular devices are large bore aspiration thrombectomy systems which mitigate the use of concomitant thrombolytics. The article reviews the disease process, relevant literature, and current endovascular devices and strategies for the treatment of right heart thrombus and clot-in-transit.
CFTR Modulators: Current Status and Evolving Knowledge
Authors: Regard Lucile , Martin Clémence , Da Silva Jennifer , Burgel Pierre-Régis
Published: December 2022

In the past decade, the medical management of people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) has changed with the development of small molecules that partially restore the function of the defective CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein and are called CFTR modulators. Ivacaftor (IVA), a CFTR potentiator with a large effect on epithelial ion transport, was the first modulator approved in pwCF carrying gating mutations. Because IVA was unable to restore sufficient CFTR function in pwCF with other mutations, two CFTR correctors (lumacaftor and tezacaftor) were developed and used in combination with IVA in pwCF homozygous for F508del, the most common CFTR variant. However, LUM/IVA and TEZ/IVA were only moderately effective in F508del homozygous pwCF and had no efficacy in those with F508del and minimal function mutations. Elexacaftor, a second-generation corrector, was thus developed and combined to tezacaftor and ivacaftor (ELX/TEZ/IVA) to target pwCF with at least one F508del variant, corresponding to approximately 85% of pwCF. Both IVA and ELX/TEZ/IVA are considered highly effective modulator therapies (HEMTs) in eligible pwCF and are now approved for nearly 90% of the CF population over 6 years of age. HEMTs are responsible for rapid improvement in respiratory manifestations, including improvement in symptoms and lung function, and reduction in the rate of pulmonary exacerbations. The impact of HEMT on extrapulmonary manifestations of CF is less well established, although significant weight gain and improvement in quality of life have been demonstrated. Recent clinical trials and real-world studies suggest that benefits of HEMT could even prove greater when used earlier in life (i.e., in younger children and infants). This article shortly reviews the past 10 years of development and use of CFTR modulators. Effects of HEMT on extrapulmonary manifestations and on CF demographics are also discussed.
A Retroprospective Clinicopathological Study of Prostatic Lesions in Surgical Specimens
Authors: Garalla Hanan M. , Darraz Khaled M. Ahmed , ESSA Maggdi M.A.
Published: December 2022

Background Prostatic diseases such as inflammation, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and tumors are prime causes of mortality and morbidity in males. The prevalence of these lesions increases with advancing age. The second most common cancer among males is prostate cancer, next to lung cancer worldwide.

Aim The present study was undertaken with the aim of studying the clinicopathological characteristics of prostate lesions in surgical specimens

Methods The present study was a retroprospective study. A total of 212 prostate surgical specimens were included. Information provided in the requisition form regarding age, type of prostatic biopsy and clinical presentation, and histopathological diagnosis was taken into consideration and recorded. All specimens were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and 5μ sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain (H&E stain). Relevant clinical data including age, the presenting complaints, and S.PSA values were recorded. Data were collected and analyzed using simple statistical methods with Microsoft Excel 2016.

Results Out of 212 cases analyzed, 161 (76%) were transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) TUPR specimens, 38 (18%) were trucut needle biopsies, and 13 (6%) were open prostatectomy specimens. The youngest patient was 48 years old while the oldest patient was 90 years old with a mean of 71.7  ± 8.2 years. Of the total 212 surgical specimens, 174 (82%) cases were of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BHP), and 38 (18%) were prostatic adenocarcinoma (PAC). Also, 94 (44.3%) of BPH and carcinoma of the prostate cases were most common in the seventh decade of life (61-70 years). Difficulty in micturition was the most common presentation 82 (39%). A maximum number of the BPH cases 81 (46.5%) had the prostate-specific antigen range of 0 to 4 ng/mL. The highest value of serum PSA was noted among the PAC patients in the range of > 80 ng/mL. Out of 38 cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma, moderately differentiated (Gleason scores 7) was the most common core and was seen in 42.1% of the PAC cases.

Conclusion The present study showed that the most frequently encountered prostatic lesion was BHP, commonly seen in the age group of 61 to 70 years. The PAC was common among males of more than 60 years. Histopathological examination is the best diagnostic tool for PAC
Aesthetic poetry and creative translations: a translational hermeneutic reading
Authors: Lahiani Raja
Published: December 2022

This paper investigates the hermeneutic processes involved in translating instances of imagery in Arabic poetry into English across a period ranging between 1789 and 1993. It examines ten translations of two verse lines from Labīd’s Mu’allaqa. The paper does not aim to determine whether a given translation is correct—its purpose is, rather, to use translational hermeneutics as a key analytical tool to identify which translation products may be considered acceptable within the scope of this theory. Translational hermeneutics conceives of translation as re-formulation and, hence, re-creation. The notion of identity is minimised, in translational hermeneutics as well as in this study, by investigating how a source text’s aesthetic message can assume a different form when translated. The assessment of different translations in this paper’s case study demonstrates that translating responsibly is, first and foremost, translating responsively.
Riemann solutions of the anti-Chaplygin pressure Aw–Rascle model with friction
Authors: Li Shiwei
Published: December 2022

The Riemann problem for the anti-Chaplygin pressure Aw–Rascle model with a Coulomb-like friction term is considered. With the use of the substitution of variables, the Riemann solutions with two or three kinds of different structures involving the delta shock wave in two cases are constructed. The delta shock wave may be used to explain the serious traffic jam. The position, strength, and propagation speed of the delta shock wave are obtained by solving the generalized Rankine–Hugoniot relation under an entropy condition. Moreover, the results show that all waves including the contact discontinuity, rarefaction wave, shock wave, and delta shock wave are bent into parabolic shapes and the Riemann solutions are no longer self-similar under the influence of the Coulomb-like friction term.
Langevin equation for the collective motions of a binary astrophysical system
Authors: Michea C. , Velazquez L.
Published: December 2022

According to Thirring’s condition, the thermodynamic equilibrium is not possible between two systems with negative heat capacities. Since the existence of negative heat capacity is a rule rather an exception in astrophysics, we would like to analyze the possibility of the thermodynamic equilibrium for a paradigmatic astrophysical situation: the binary system. The possible explanation arises after decomposing the dynamical variables into internal and collective degrees of freedom, which enables us to reinterpret binary systems as two systems A and B that interact between them through a third low dimensional system C. Our central result is the derivation of a Langevin equation to describe the dynamics of the collective degrees of freedom. Our preliminary analysis evidences that the proposed framework is able not only to describe the system stability, but also unstable processes, such as escape or collapse of the binary system. These processes crucially depend on the angular momentum, the quadrupole–orbit coupling among internal and collective degrees of freedom, as well as internal temperatures of each system.
Semicontinuity of trajectory attractors with respect to exponents for p-Laplacian equation
Authors: Samprogna Rodrigo A. , Pires Leonardo
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we are concerned with the perturbation of trajectory attractors for dissipative non autonomous p-Laplacian problems with dynamic boundary conditions and no guarantee of the uniqueness of solutions. We prove that under standard conditions, the family of trajectory attractors is upper semicontinuous in the topology of the trajectory space.
Fluctuations spectra of specific kinetic energy, density, and mass flux in Rayleigh–Taylor mixing
Authors: Williams Kurt C. , Abarzhi Snezhana I.
Published: December 2022

Rayleigh–Taylor (RT) interfacial mixing is critically important in a broad range of processes in nature and technology. To understand self-similar RT dynamics, a bias free interpretation of data is in need. This work yields the physics properties and the anomalous scaling of Rayleigh–Taylor mixing based on the analysis of experimental data. Fluctuations spectra are analyzed of the specific kinetic energy of the velocity component in the acceleration direction, the density, and the mass flux. Theoretical foundations and statistical method are developed, under group theory guidance, to investigate unprocessed data, and identify with statistical confidence their spectral shapes. These include the mean values of the spectral shape's parameters, their relative errors, and the goodness of fit. The Anderson–Darling test is employed to inspect the residuals. The intervals of mode numbers are found, where the relative errors of the spectral shape parameters are small and the goodness of fit is excellent. We reveal that spectral shapes of fluctuations in RT mixing experiments can be well described by compound functions, represented by a product of a power law and an exponential. The data analysis based properties unambiguously identifies the dynamic specificity and heterogeneity of RT mixing.
Optimizing the photovoltaic effect in one-dimensional single-wall carbon nanotube @ MoS2 van der Waals heteronanotubes
Authors: Zhao Yipeng , Hu Huamin , Ouyang Gang
Published: December 2022

One-dimensional single-wall carbon nanotube (1D-SWCNT)@MoS2 van der Waals (vdW) heteronanotubes (HNTs) have inherited extensive attention due to their fascinating properties and increasing mature methods. However, the curvature and chirality dependence of photovoltaic properties in such kind of 1D systems remain unclear. In our work, we explore the electronic and photoelectric properties of 1D-SWCNT@MoS2 vdW HNTs based on the atomic-bond-relaxation approach and the modified detailed balance principle by quantization of band offset and carrier transport behaviors. We find that the optimized power conversion efficiency (PCE) of zigzag-SWCNT@zigzag-MoS2 HNTs is ∼5.3% at the diameter of 3.1 nm, while that of zigzag-SWCNT@armchair-MoS2 HNTs is ∼4.9% at 3.3 nm. Moreover, the PCE can be enhanced further by intercalating h-BN layers at the interface of 1D-vdW HNTs. Our results suggest that 1D-SWCNT@MoS2 HNTs can be served as promising building blocks for the new type of photovoltaic devices.
Development of a high-power pulse-forming network Marx generator with a long pulse duration
Authors: Liu Shifei , Zhang Jiande , Zhang Zicheng , Zhang Haoran , Zhou Yekai
Published: December 2022

To meet the application needs for producing long-pulse electron beams and high-power microwaves, a pulse-forming network Marx generator with a pulse duration of 260 ns is presented in this paper. This generator is composed of 20 stages of pulse-forming network modules. Each module is formed with nine capacitors connected in parallel. The generator functions at 44 kV, which is lower than the rated voltage of the mica paper capacitor, to improve the lifetime. The impedance of the generator is designed to reach 45 Ω. To avoid the strong coupling between the adjacent stages, the physical layout of the generator adopts a zigzag design. The generator is housed in a gas pressurized vessel of 600 mm in diameter and 580 mm in length. Across a 50 Ω load, it can deliver quasi-rectangular pulses with a pulse duration of 260 ns and an amplitude of 500 kV for a single shot. The output pulse features a plateau duration of 160 ns and a leading edge of 45 ns. In burst mode, it can steadily output ten pulses of 450 kV at a repetition rate of 10 Hz on either a resistive load or a diode.
Converged wireless infrastructure with acoustic holographic array
Authors: Zhang Chuanxin , Jiang Xue , Han Shuai , He Jiajie , Zheng Yan , Li Boyi , Ta Dean
Published: December 2022

Wireless technologies based on electromagnetic wave are crucial in the modern industry but nonoptimal in electromagnetic-restricted conditions such as underwater applications, where acoustic wave has been proposed as an indispensable approach. However, most of the current acoustic wireless methods could support single wireless function and control single device. A converged wireless infrastructure that simultaneously supports the mainstream wireless functions remains inaccessible for acoustics. The difficulty lies in constructing the dynamic control network consisting of multiple nodes with acoustic method. Here, we develop the converged wireless infrastructure based on the acoustic holographic array, which serves as the central hub of the system. The holographic array allows for simultaneous control of multiple targets and integrates multiple mainstream wireless functions. We experimentally present the acoustic version of the converged wireless system that realizes a series of functions, including (i) selective wireless power transfer, (ii) stable remote monitoring, (iii) dynamic programmable logic control, and (iv) wireless acoustic communication. The wireless system is capable of powering and controlling free-moving devices. The unique immunity against electromagnetic and biological interferences is further demonstrated. The acoustic-based wireless infrastructure provides a route to wireless technologies, especially for those in electromagnetic-restricted conditions.
Temperature evolution equation of a compressible turbulent ferrofluid
Authors: Mouraya Sukhdev , Banerjee Supratik
Published: December 2022

A temperature evolution equation for compressible ferrofluids is derived using basic laws of thermodynamics of moving electromagnetic media. Along with the compressibility, the change in kinetic energy is also included in the laws of thermodynamics to make the equation suitable for studying convective instabilities and fully developed turbulence in compressible ferrofluids as is shown by an order of magnitude analysis. The derived equation is found to be consistent with the total energy conservation when the forcing and dissipative effects are neglected. One can indeed recover the previously derived temperature evolution equations under suitable limits. In the hydrodynamic limit, the equation is reduced to the temperature evolution of a neutral compressible fluid and can be potentially important for studying astrophysical turbulence.
An examination of phonon–inelastic molecule–metal scattering using reduced density matrix and stochastic wave packet methods
Authors: Jackson Bret
Published: December 2022

We explore the application of reduced density matrix-based approaches to molecules interacting with the lattice vibrations of metals, an interaction responsible for the temperature dependence of many of the fundamental steps of catalysis. We avoid the use of simple models for the bath and instead use density functional theory to compute all molecule–phonon interactions and the properties of the lattice phonons, for methane scattering from Ir(111). We find that while the large metal mass leads to long bath correlation times, these are not significantly longer than the time over which the reduced density matrix changes due to interactions with the bath. We show that the neglect of memory is reasonable and the use of the Redfield equation is justified. We also show how the commonly used rotating wave approximation is far too severe for this scattering problem. A less restrictive approximation that is nearly exact for our system gives an equation of motion in the Lindblad form. As a result, the Monte Carlo wave packet methods can be used to describe gas–phonon scattering, guaranteeing positivity, and with all couplings derived from first-principles.
Predicting molecule size distribution in hydrocarbon pyrolysis using random graph theory
Authors: Dufour-Décieux Vincent , Moakler Christopher , Reed Evan J. , Cameron Maria
Published: December 2022

Hydrocarbon pyrolysis is a complex process involving large numbers of chemical species and types of chemical reactions. Its quantitative description is important for planetary sciences, in particular, for understanding the processes occurring in the interior of icy planets, such as Uranus and Neptune, where small hydrocarbons are subjected to high temperature and pressure. We propose a computationally cheap methodology based on an originally developed ten-reaction model and the configurational model from random graph theory. This methodology generates accurate predictions for molecule size distributions for a variety of initial chemical compositions and temperatures ranging from 3200 to 5000 K. Specifically, we show that the size distribution of small molecules is particularly well predicted, and the size of the largest molecule can be accurately predicted provided that this molecule is not too large.
Efficient implementation of time-dependent auxiliary density functional theory
Authors: Hernández-Segura Luis I. , Köster Andreas M.
Published: December 2022

The random phase approximation of time-dependent auxiliary density functional theory (TDADFT) is rederived from auxiliary density perturbation theory. Our exhaustive validation of TDADFT reveals an upshift of the excitation energies by ∼0.1 eV with respect to standard time-dependent density functional theory. For the computationally efficient implementation of TDADFT, floating point operation optimized three-center electron repulsion integral recurrence relations and their double asymptotic expansions are implemented into the Davidson solver. The computational efficiency of TDADFT is benchmarked with four sets of molecules comprising alkanes, fullerenes, DNA fragments, and zeolites. The results show that TDADFT has a computational scaling between 1.3 and 1.9 with respect to the number of basis functions, which is lower than the scaling of standard time-dependent density functional theory. Due to its computational simplifications, TDADFT is particularly well suited for Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics simulations. As illustrative examples, we present the temperature effects on the gas-phase absorption spectra of benzene, naphthalene, and anthracene.
Capacity factors for electrical power generation from renewable and nonrenewable sources
Authors: Bolson Natanael , Prieto Pedro , Patzek Tadeusz
Published: December 2022

Given the dire consequences of climate change and the war in Ukraine, decarbonization of electrical power systems around the world must be accomplished, while avoiding recurring blackouts. A good understanding of performance and reliability of different power sources underpins this endeavor. As an energy transition involves different societal sectors, we must adopt a simple and efficient way of communicating the transition’s key indicators. Capacity factor (CF) is a direct measure of the efficacy of a power generation system and of the costs of power produced. Since the year 2000, the explosive expansion of solar PV and wind power made their CFs more reliable. Knowing the long-time average CFs of different electricity sources allows one to calculate directly the nominal capacity required to replace the current fossil fuel mix for electricity generation or expansion to meet future demand. CFs are straightforwardly calculated, but they are rooted in real performance, not in modeling or wishful thinking. Based on the current average CFs, replacing 1 W of fossil electricity generation capacity requires installation of 4 W solar PV or 2 W of wind power. An expansion of the current energy mix requires installing 8.8 W of solar PV or 4.3 W of wind power.
Distinct patterns of cortical manifold expansion and contraction underlie human sensorimotor adaptation
Authors: Gale Daniel J. , Areshenkoff Corson N. , Standage Dominic I. , Nashed Joseph Y. , Markello Ross D. , Flanagan J. Randall , Smallwood Jonathan , Gallivan Jason P.
Published: December 2022

Sensorimotor learning is a dynamic, systems-level process that involves the combined action of multiple neural systems distributed across the brain. Although much is known about the specialized cortical systems that support specific components of action (such as reaching), we know less about how cortical systems function in a coordinated manner to facilitate adaptive behavior. To address this gap, our study measured human brain activity using functional MRI (fMRI) while participants performed a classic sensorimotor adaptation task and used a manifold learning approach to describe how behavioral changes during adaptation relate to changes in the landscape of cortical activity. During early adaptation, areas in the parietal and premotor cortices exhibited significant contraction along the cortical manifold, which was associated with their increased covariance with regions in the higher-order association cortex, including both the default mode and fronto-parietal networks. By contrast, during Late adaptation, when visuomotor errors had been largely reduced, a significant expansion of the visual cortex along the cortical manifold was associated with its reduced covariance with the association cortex and its increased intraconnectivity. Lastly, individuals who learned more rapidly exhibited greater covariance between regions in the sensorimotor and association cortices during early adaptation. These findings are consistent with a view that sensorimotor adaptation depends on changes in the integration and segregation of neural activity across more specialized regions of the unimodal cortex with regions in the association cortex implicated in higher-order processes. More generally, they lend support to an emerging line of evidence implicating regions of the default mode network (DMN) in task-based performance.
Towards robust complexity indices in linguistic typology
Authors: Oh Yoon Mi , Pellegrino François
Published: December 2022

There is high hope that corpus-based approaches to language complexity will contribute to explaining linguistic diversity. Several complexity indices have consequently been proposed to compare different aspects among languages, especially in phonology and morphology. However, their robustness against changes in corpus size and content hasn’t been systematically assessed, thus impeding comparability between studies. Here, we systematically test the robustness of four complexity indices estimated from raw texts and either routinely utilized in crosslinguistic studies (Type-Token Ratio and word-level Entropy) or more recently proposed (Word Information Density and Lexical Diversity). Our results on 47 languages strongly suggest that traditional indices are more prone to fluctuation than the newer ones. Additionally, we confirm with Word Information Density the existence of a cross-linguistic trade-off between word-internal and across-word distributions of information. Finally, we implement a proof of concept suggesting that modern deep-learning language models can improve the comparability across languages with non-parallel datasets.
Prays citri (Millière). [Distribution map].
Authors: CABI  , EPPO
Published: December 2022

A new distribution map is provided for Prays citri (Millière). Lepidoptera: Praydidae. Main hosts:
Citrus
spp. especially lemon (
C. limon
) and lime (
C. aurantifolia
).
Halyomorpha halys Stål. [Distribution map].
Authors: CABI  , EPPO
Published: December 2022

A new distribution map is provided for Halyomorpha halys Stål. Hemiptera: Pentatomidae. Hosts:
polyphagous
.
Aleurotrachelus atratus Hempel. [Distribution map].
Authors: CABI  , EPPO
Published: December 2022

A new distribution map is provided for Aleurotrachelus atratus Hempel. Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae. Main host: coconut (
Cocos nucifera
), other Arecaceae.
Oligonychus afrasiaticus (McGregor). [Distribution map].
Authors: CABI  , EPPO
Published: December 2022

A new distribution map is provided for Oligonychus afrasiaticus (McGregor). Acari: Tetranychidae. Main host: date palm (
Phoenix dactylifera
).
Band gap and pseudocapacitance of Gd2O3 doped with Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4
Authors: Azeem M , Abbas Q , Abdelkareem M A , Olabi A G
Published: December 2022

Herein, we present a detailed study of the structural, optical, and electrochemical responses of Gd2O3 doped with nickel zinc ferrite nanoparticles. Doping of Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles to Gd2O3 powder was done through thermal decomposition at 1000 °C. The average grain size of the mixture was determined to be approximately 95 nm, and phases of cubic Gd2O3, GdO, and orthorhombic prisms of GdFeO3 were identified. The focused ion beam energy dispersive x-ray spectrum (FIB-EDX) mapping results clearly show the morphology of the particles with Gd and Fe as the dominant elements. The structural data were compared with the spectroscopic measurements confirming the formation of multiple phases of oxides and ferrites. The measured optical band gap is significantly redshifted to 1.8 eV and is close to that of nitride compounds of gadolinium metal. The measured specific capacitance was almost 7 Fg−1 at a current density of 1 Ag−1, showing a small drop of 27% when the current density is increased to 10 Ag−1. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) plots of the ferrite doped Gd2O3 electrode at a scan rate of 5 to 100 mV s−1 indicate the pseudocapacitive nature of the material.
Study of Different Management Mechanisms for Distributed Energy Resources
Authors: Shao Shichao , Xu Binkun , Zhong Yuan
Published: December 2022

In the context of distributed energy resources with small capacity, decentralized, heterogeneous characteristics, and increasing scale, it becomes especially important to choose the appropriate way to manage distributed energy. In this study, five typical approaches of distributed energy management are introduced, including management based on the local market, management based on direct control, management based on dynamic tariff, and management based on virtual power plant-based management. Through comparative analysis, distributed energy resources management based on the virtual power plant has good adaptability to the current information and communication technology and power market of the power system compared with other approaches.
Research on Voltage Stabilization Technology for Long-distance Energy Transmission in Orbit
Authors: He Xiong , Meng Xiaomai , Zheng Yan , Wang Li , Wang Jie , Wu Jianchao
Published: December 2022

For large spacecraft such as space stations and spacecraft, due to their huge systems, when the power supply equipment and electrical equipment are remote away, it is necessary to lay a long power supply cable. Therefore, when high-power energy transmission is carried out, the voltage drop of the cable will cause the terminal voltage of the electrical equipment to fluctuate with the transmission power. This will have an impact on some load equipment with high demand for electricity, and even shorten the service life of the equipment. In order to ensure the stability of terminal voltage and controllable amplitude of fluctuation, this paper proposes a voltage stabilization technology for long-distance energy transmission in orbit, and the principle analysis, simulation, and experimental verification are carried out to confirm the effectiveness of the technology.
Mechanical characteristics of a threaded joint of coring tool under makeup torque
Authors: Liu Bin , Yao Kunpeng , Yao Jianlin
Published: December 2022

Core samples play a very important role in understanding the characteristics and conditions of rock formation. The coring tool is the primary equipment used to obtain a core sample, which has been widely used in engineering, and oil and gas drilling, for example. In this paper, the models of conventional coring joints and special coring joints are established to study the mechanical properties of the two joints being subjected to makeup torque load. The results show that the design of the special coring tool with double shoulders effectively shares the force on the thread and has a good mechanical performance compared with the conventional single-shoulder coring tool.
Study on the Enhancement of Heat Transfer Characteristics in Phase Change Process
Authors: Bai Haojiang
Published: December 2022

The effect of adding fins on heat transfer rate of phase change heat storage unit was studied by numerical simulation. Different operating conditions were designed to compare the effects of the number, height and thickness of fins on enhanced heat transfer. The heat storage device is placed vertically with a 500*50*10 mm model, the inlet temperature of the thermal fluid is 373.15 K, and the flow velocity is 0.4 m/s. The optimal heat transfer rate can be determined by monitoring the liquid proportion curve over time and comparing the melting cloud image. The results show that increasing the number of fins can effectively improve the heat transfer efficiency. The 4 mm is the optimal choice for the height and thickness of the fins.
Effect of Surface Roughness of Substrate on Adhesion Strength of Ni/Bi2(Te, Se)3 Interface
Authors: Feng Bo , Zhang Jingshuang , Zhao Huadong , Song Xiaohui
Published: December 2022

Nickle (Ni) is mostly used as the barrier layer at the thermoelectric solder joints to prevent the electrode material and solder from entering the thermoelectric material substrate. However, the Ni layer will peel off from the substrate due to the poor adhesion strength of Ni/Bi2(Te, Se)3 interface. The present study attempted to improve the adhesion strength of the Ni coating by changing the micro-etching time of the substrate in the micro-etching solution and explored the influence of the surface roughness on the adhesion strength of the Ni coating. In addition, we chose a deposition method that combines electroplating and electroless plating on the surface of the Bi2(Te, Se)3 substrate. It revealed that with the increase of micro-etching time, the surface roughness of the substrate becomes larger, and the grain size of the Ni coating increases. Moreover, with the increase of the Bi2(Te, Se)3 substrate surface roughness, the adhesion strength of Ni/Bi2(Te, Se)3 interface increases at first and then decreases. It suggests that the roughness of the substrate surface has remarkable influences on the adhesion strength of Ni/Bi2(Te, Se)3 interface.
Simulation on the Management of Lithium-ion Batteries’ thermal Runaway via Liquid Cooling and Phase Change Barrier
Authors: Xu Haihua , Wu Senming , Chen Ying , Luan Weiling
Published: December 2022

In recent years, vehicle power battery safety accidents have occurred frequently, threatening personal safety, commercial promotion, and social benefits. The escalation of accidents is mainly caused by thermal runaway propagation (TRP) of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Therefore, exploring effective TRP control methods is becoming a hotspot for ensuring the safety and performance of electric vehicles. This is pap established, a three-cell TRP mode for the commercial LIB through COMSOL Multiphysics software, which was then verified by experimental results. Then an eight-cell TRP model is constructed to study the effects of thermal insulation and heat dissipation on the TRP characteristics. The results indicate that the phase-change thermal insulation layer shows a strong thermal resistance on the TRP compared with the ordinary thermal insulation layer when the insulation layer is applied between the cells. With the increase of the thickness of the phase change thermal insulation layer, the TRP time became longer while the TRP was not suppressed. A liquid cooling combined with the phase change insulation layer between the cells is conducted to obtain the thermal resistance of TRP, which shows a significant guide for the thermal safety design of LIBs.
Research on Three-Port Converter for New Aerospace Energy Architecture
Authors: Wang Li , Shi Junbiao , Wu Jianchao , Li Huiyao , Liu Mi , Zhao Shuyu
Published: December 2022

The traditional design method of spacecraft power systems based on customization and the combination of two-port converters can no longer meet the increasing application demands of having high power and being modular and versatile. Three-port DC converter, standardized to form a redundant parallel power supply system with a distributed model, is a possible solution to meet the design requirements of the above spacecraft power supply system. In this paper, a three-port converter is designed to complete the MPPT control of the PV array at the input end to maximize the power generated by the PV array, complete the battery charge and discharge control, realize the bidirectional conversion and transmission of the battery charge and discharge power, and complete the control of the load voltage at the output end to ensure the stable and reliable power supply of the load. If the integrated DC converter is used to realize the power transmission and conversion between the three ports at the same time, the volume and weight of the system can be greatly reduced, and then the power density of the system can be improved.
Short-Term Wind Power Prediction Based on Meteorological Process Division
Authors: Sun Shuo , Sun Shukai , Wang Quan , Zhao Pengxiang
Published: December 2022

In the traditional weather classification prediction method based on clustering, the feature quantity is difficult to fully reflect the change information of complex weather, which will weaken the reliability of classification. Therefore, this paper proposes a wind power prediction model based on meteorological process division. Firstly, this method uses the correlation coefficient to analyze the correlation between various meteorological factors and wind power output in numerical weather and then uses the wind speed after wavelet denoising to divide the weather fluctuation process and extract the fluctuation characteristics of each fluctuation process. Secondly, the meteorological process is divided by a hierarchical clustering algorithm, and the types of meteorological processes are judged by a dynamic time planning algorithm. Finally, the wind power prediction model of a long short-term memory (LSTM) network is established based on different meteorological processes. The results show that this method can provide a reference for improving the accuracy and interpretability of short-term wind power forecasting.