bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association Between Improvement in Baseline Mood and Long-Term Use of a Mindfulness and Meditation App: Observational Study
Authors: Athanas Argus J , McCorrison Jamison M , Smalley Susan , Price Jamie , Grady Jim , Wehner Paul , Campistron Julie , Schork Nicholas J
Published: March 2019

Background

The use of smartphone apps to monitor and deliver health care guidance and interventions has received considerable attention recently, particularly with regard to behavioral disorders, stress relief, negative emotional state, and poor mood in general. Unfortunately, there is little research investigating the long-term and repeated effects of apps meant to impact mood and emotional state.

Objective

We aimed to investigate the effects of both immediate point-of-intervention and long-term use (ie, at least 10 engagements) of a guided meditation and mindfulness smartphone app on users’ emotional states. Data were collected from users of a mobile phone app developed by the company Stop, Breathe & Think (SBT) for achieving emotional wellness. To explore the long-term effects, we assessed changes in the users’ basal emotional state before they completed an activity (eg, a guided meditation). We also assessed the immediate effects of the app on users’ emotional states from preactivity to postactivity.

Methods

The SBT app collects information on the emotional state of the user before and after engagement in one or several mediation and mindfulness activities. These activities are recommended and provided by the app based on user input. We considered data on over 120,000 users of the app who collectively engaged in over 5.5 million sessions with the app during an approximate 2-year period. We focused our analysis on users who had at least 10 engagements with the app over an average of 6 months. We explored the changes in the emotional well-being of individuals with different emotional states at the time of their initial engagement with the app using mixed-effects models. In the process, we compared 2 different methods of classifying emotional states: (1) an expert-defined a priori mood classification and (2) an empirically driven cluster-based classification.

Results

We found that among long-term users of the app, there was an association between the length of use and a positive change in basal emotional state (4% positive mood increase on a 2-point scale every 10 sessions). We also found that individuals who were anxious or depressed tended to have a favorable long-term emotional transition (eg, from a sad emotional state to a happier emotional state) after using the app for an extended period (the odds ratio for achieving a positive emotional state was 3.2 and 6.2 for anxious and depressed individuals, respectively, compared with users with fewer sessions).

Conclusions

Our analyses provide evidence for an association between both immediate and long-term use of an app providing guided meditations and improvements in the emotional state.
The Importance of User Segmentation for Designing Digital Therapy for Adolescent Mental Health: Findings From Scoping Processes
Authors: Fleming Theresa , Merry Sally , Stasiak Karolina , Hopkins Sarah , Patolo Tony , Ruru Stacey , Latu Manusiu , Shepherd Matthew , Christie Grant , Goodyear-Smith Felicity
Published: March 2019

Background

New Zealand youth, especially those of Māori and Pacific descent, have high rates of depression, anxiety, and self-harm, but have low rates of help-seeking from mental health professionals. Apps, computerized therapy, and other digital tools can be effective, highly scalable treatments for anxiety and depression. Co-design processes are often used to foster engagement with end users, but this does not always lead to high levels of engagement.

Objective

We aimed to carry out preliminary scoping to understand adolescents’ current internet use and diversity of preferences to inform a planned co-design process for creating digital mental health tools for teenagers.

Methods

Interactive workshops and focus groups were held with young people. Data were analyzed using a general inductive approach.

Results

Participants (N=58) engaged in 2 whānau (extended family) focus groups (n=4 and n=5), 2 school- or community-based focus groups (n=9 each), and 2 workshops (n=11 and n=20). The authors identified 3 overarching themes: (1) Digital mental health tools are unlikely to be successful if they rely solely on youth help-seeking. (2) A single approach is unlikely to appeal to all. Participants had diverse, noncompatible preferences in terms of look or feel of an app or digital tool. The authors identified 4 user groups players or gamers, engagers, sceptics, and straight-talkers. These groups differed by age and degree of current mental health need and preferred gamified or fun approaches, were open to a range of approaches, were generally disinterested, or preferred direct-to-the-point, serious approaches, respectively. (3) Digital mental health tools should provide an immediate response to a range of different issues and challenges that a young person may face.

Conclusions

Defining the preferences of different groups of users may be important for increasing engagement with digital therapies even within specific population and mental health–need groups. This study demonstrates the importance of scoping possible user needs to inform design processes.
Manuel Matos Moquete y la guerrilla del saber
Authors: Fernández Pequeño José M.
Published: March 2019

No necesita un resumen
Reconocimiento de experticias y orientación hacia problemas sociales: las prácticas de ciencia abierta desde la perspectiva de la investigación integrada
Authors: Isoglio Antonela , Echeverry-Mejía Jorge Andrés
Published: March 2019

En América Latina, la perspectiva de la investigación inte­grada propone una transformación del contrato social de la ciencia para que la producción de conocimiento sea un componente que contribuya a atender los problemas, los desafíos y las oportunidades de la región. Las prácticas de apertura de la ciencia, que se registran a partir de la uti­lización de tecnologías digitales para la coproducción de conocimientos, brindan posibilidades para alcanzar este objetivo. En este artículo exponemos las potencialidades de las prácticas de ciencia abierta para construir nuevos mecanismos de producción, validación, circulación y uso de conocimiento científico de calidad, considerando la convergencia de experticias en contextos situados. El enfoque metodológico es cualitativo y la técnica utilizada consiste en la revisión bibliográfica de naturaleza narrati­va, que permite la identificación, el análisis y la interpre­tación de literatura científica sobre el tema en cuestión.
A potência das imagens e da fabulação criadora para o pesquisar no cotidiano escolar
Authors: Carvalho Janete Magalhães , Roseiro Steferson Zanoni
Published: March 2019

Objetiva problematizar a imagem e a pesquisa com o cotidiano escolar como potências para a emergência da fabulação criadora no movimento do pensamento produzido em redes de conversações, tecendo imagens outras e problematizando as imagens clichê. Discute o conceito de imagem, tomando como intercessores teóricos Bergson (2006) e Deleuze (1990). Usa como metodologia as redes de conversações com estudantes e professores de séries iniciais do ensino fundamental em uma escola pública, com base em pinturas de Glenn Brady. Conclui que a pesquisa se configura como espaço de aproximações e trocas do coletivo. Assim, a potência do falso e/ou do estranhamento não advém de um personagem dentro de uma imagem, mas de trocas entre imagens, pois não se espera mais que os heróis ajam, mas que qualquer um movimente o pensamento em seus processos de fabular outros mundos possíveis em que os saberes não sejam dogmáticos, mas múltiplos e plurais.
Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study
Authors: MERCAN Seher , SOLAK İbrahim , ERYİLMAZ Mehmet Ali
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most
common cancer among women in the world and in our country. Despite early
diagnosis and improved treatment possibilities, breast cancer is difficult to
accept and a major source of anxiety. It brings various psychosocial problems
to the agenda. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of depression and
anxiety in the patients admitted to the outpatient clinic with the complaint of
a mass in the breast and to determine the effect of mass on the mental health
of women.

Methods: This study is an analytical
case-control study. All of the participants were female (n=200). Patients
filled the questionnaire containing the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the
Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the sociodemographic data form.

Results: There was no
statistically significant difference between the case and control groups in
terms of the marital status, living with someone, monthly income level, place
of residence, occupation, and education level (p>0.05).  There was a statistically significant
difference between case and control groups in terms of the mean BDI score
(19.6±1.05, 8.92±0.62, respectively, p<0.001). There was also a
statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of the
mean BAI score (20.34±1.23, 7.88±0.71, respectively, p<0.001).

Conclusion: In our study, the incidence
of depression and severe anxiety was significantly higher in the women admitted
to the outpatient clinic with the complaint of a breast mass than in the
healthy women.
Issues in Health Board Legislation
Authors: YAYLA Muhtesem Erol
Published: March 2019

Health boards are tasked for delivery of disability reports, reports for
attending to military, periodic axaminations of military personnel, reports for
attending sport described by ministery of health of which hospitals are tasked
to assign and which hospitals are tasked to work as referree.

These uncertainties in the legislation can
bring the hospital administrations and the members of the health board together
with the citizen. The more time a patient tries to get a health board report,
the more it will feel burnout or anxiety. This situation may be called the
health board anxiety. The short duration of this period and the implementation
of standardization in health board reports will contribute to the solution of
the problems.
Identification of Tire Force and Moment (F&M) Characteristics That Improve Combined Slip Handling Performance
Authors: Wei Terence , Dorfi Hans
Published: March 2019

Since tires generate the control forces required for the operation of a vehicle, the tire force and moment (F&M) characteristics have to be designed such that the vehicle can easily be kept under driver control under many driving conditions. However, the relationship between F&M characteristics and vehicle handling performance is not well understood for many driving maneuvers. A better understanding of this relationship would thus provide insight into how to improve the matching between tires and vehicles for increased vehicle stability. Building a large number of tires with different characteristics would be too expensive and time consuming, so an investigation using simulations is preferred. However, one problem with simulations is that handling performance cannot be evaluated by a professional driver (subjective metrics), unlike in outdoor tests. A way of evaluating handling performance in simulation through objective metrics is therefore necessary. In this study, the focus is on vehicle handling performance during simultaneous cornering and braking. Desirable F&M metrics were identified using the following process: Handling simulations were validated using instrumented vehicle measurements of handling behavior at outdoor test facilities. An objective handling metric (peak body slip angle) was identified that has high correlation with professional driver ratings (subjective metric) of combined slip handling performance. The objective metric could therefore be used with simulations to predict the professional driver rating. Many virtual tires were generated by changing F&M characteristics of Pacejka tire models. These virtual tires were used in simulations of combined slip handling maneuvers and evaluated for performance using the objective handling metric. By identifying which changes to F&M metrics had high correlation to changes in handling performance, the primary influencing characteristics were determined. These results were also confirmed by looking at the correlation between F&M metrics of actual tires and their subjective ratings.
Kentsel Donatı Elemanlarının Peyzaj Mimarlığı Açısından Değerlendirilmesi: Çankırı Örneği
Authors: KUTER Nazan , KAYA Zeynep
Published: March 2019

Sokak, cadde,
meydanlar ve rekreasyon amaçlı tasarlanmış genel ya da özel kullanım
alanlarında yer verilen kentsel donatı elemanları, kentsel yaşam kalitesinin
artırılmasına katkı sağlayan önemli peyzaj elemanlarıdır. Bulundukları çevre
ile bütünleşerek kentin önemli bir öğesi haline gelen kentsel donatı
elemanları, kent ile kurdukları bütünlük ile bir kentin kimliğinin oluşmasına
katkı sağlayan en önemli araçlardan biridir. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı,
kentsel donatı elemanlarının sınıflandırılarak, peyzaj mimarlığı açısından
değerlendirilmesidir. Bu amaca yönelik olarak, merkezi konumları ve yoğun
kullanıma sahip olmaları nedeni ile Çankırı kent merkezinde yer alan Alparslan
Türkeş Caddesi ve Necip Fazıl Kısakürek Sokağı araştırma alanı olarak
seçilmiştir. İlk olarak; kentsel donatı elemanlarının tanımı yapılarak, önemi,
tasarım ilkeleri, özellikleri, kullanım türleri belirtilmiş ve işlevlerine göre
sınıflandırmaları verilmiştir. Devamında; seçilen araştırma alanlarında yer
alan kentsel donatı elemanları bu teorik yaklaşımlar doğrultusunda sınıflandırılarak
değerlendirilmiştir. Son aşamada ise, araştırma alanlarındaki kentsel donatı
elemanları peyzaj mimarlığı meslek disiplini açısından irdelenmiş ve özgün
kentsel mekânlar oluşturulması kapsamında öneriler getirilmiştir.
Bartın Kent Meydanı Peyzaj Tasarımına İlişkin Revizyon Önerileri
Authors: BOLLUKCU Pınar , CENGİZ GÖKÇE Gizem
Published: March 2019

Meydanlar toplanma, buluşma ve geçiş alanı olma özellikleri ile tarihten günümüze, kamusal dış mekânlar arasında; herhangi bir sınıf ayrımı olmaksızın insanlar tarafından sosyalleşmek amacıyla en çok kullanılan alanlardır. Meydanlar kentlere kent olma niteliğini katan önemli yapı taşlarındandır. Bir kent meydanının, herkes için erişilebilir, güvenli, kimlikli ve okunabilir olma özelliklerine sahip olması beklenmektedir.Cumhuriyet Meydanı, peyzaj mimarlığı açısından değerlendirildiğinde alanın meydan kavramını karşılamadığı görülmektedir. Çalışmada; meydanın işlevsel-estetik yönden tasarım eksikliklerinin saptanması ve öneriler sunulması amaçlanmıştır.Cumhuriyet Meydanı (6000 m²), Batı Karadeniz Bölgesi’nin Bartın ilinde yer almaktadır. Gelişim süreci devam etmekte olan Bartın’ın nüfusu TÜİK (2018) verilerine göre 193.577’dir. Alanda; mekânsal algılanma ve alan kullanımları arasındaki uyum açısından eksiklikler bulunmaktadır. Bununla birlikte; aktivite çeşitliliği, kentsel donatı ve bitkisel materyal yetersizliği de göze çarpmaktadır. Sonuç olarak Bartın Kenti’nin odağında bulunan bu alanın, meydan niteliğini ön plana çıkaracak 3 farklı peyzaj tasarımı yapılmıştır. Tasarım aşamasında “Erişilebilir, Güvenli, Kimlikli ve Okunabilir” olma ilkeleri ön planda tutulmuştur. Bu tasarımların kente estetik ve işlevsel açıdan katkı sağlaması, kentsel simgeleri barındırması ve kullanıcıya toplanma-buluşma-geçiş alanı oluşturması beklenmektedir.
Peyzaj Tasarım Projelerinde, Metraj, Keşif ve Yaklaşık Maliyet Analizi
Authors: ÇELİK Deniz
Published: March 2019

Kentlerde yapı
adaları ve sirkülasyon sisteminin yanı sıra açık-yeşil alanlar yer almaktadır.
Bu açık-yeşil alanlarda parklar, meydanlar, çocuk oyun alanları, konut
bahçeleri gibi kamusal, özel veya yarı özel mekanlar bulunmaktadır. Bu
alanların planları ve tasarım projeleri peyzaj mimarları tarafından
yapılmaktadır. Tasarım projeleri süreci birkaç aşamadan oluşmaktadır. Bunlar,
sörvey, leke plan, avan proje, kesin proje, yapısal ve bitkisel peyzaj uygulama
projeleri ve detay projeleridir. Ayrıca açıklama raporu da tasarımdan sonra
hazırlanmaktadır. Tasarımı gerçekleştirilen projelerin uygulama aşamasına
geçmeden önce de metraj, keşif ve maliyet hesaplarının yapılması gerekmektedir.
Bu hesaplamalar sırasında uygulama ve detay projeleri ile teknik şartnamelere
ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın amacı, Çankaya Belediyesi
Yıldız İlçesinde bir apartman projesi özelinde peyzaj tasarım projesini,
metraj, keşif ve yaklaşık maliyet hesaplamalarını yapmaktır. Böylece projeyi
talep eden kişiler uygulamaya geçmeden önce ayırmaları gereken bütçeyi bilme ve
ona göre planlama yapma imkanı bulabileceklerdir. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma
yaklaşık maliyet hesaplamalarının günümüzde nasıl yapılabileceğine yönelik bir
örnek oluşturacak ve literatüre katkı sağlayacaktır.
Sophisticated Games Psychology Can Assist the Common Sportsperson
Authors: Tiwari Rajeev
Published: March 2019

Game psychology is an interdisciplinary science that draws on knowledge from many related fields including biomechanics, physiology, kinesiology and psychology. It involves the study of how psychological factors affect performance and how participation in sport and exercise affect psychological and physical factors.[1] In addition to instruction and training of psychological skills for performance improvement, applied sport psychology may include work with athletes, coaches, and parents regarding injury, rehabilitation, communication, team building, and career transitions.
Sobre Sobre Ernest Sánchez Santiró, La imperiosa necesidad. Crisis y colapso del erario de Nueva España, (1808-1821)
Authors: Jáuregui Luis
Published: March 2019

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Sobre Díaz Fuentes, Daniel, Andrés Hoyo Aparicio y Carlos Marichal Salinas (eds.), Orígenes de la globalización bancaria. Experiencias de España y América Latina
Authors: Blasco Martel Yolanda
Published: March 2019

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Lectura crítica de Falquet, Jules (2017). Pax neoliberalia: perspectivas feministas sobre (la reorganización de) la violencia contra las mujeres. Buenos Aires: Madreselva
Authors: Partenio Florencia
Published: March 2019

Lectura crítica de Falquet, Jules (2017). Pax neoliberalia: perspectivas feministas sobre (la reorganización de) la violencia contra las mujeres. Buenos Aires: Madreselva
Novel disease-modifying drugs against skin fibrosis of systemic sclerosis
Authors: Nishiguchi Mana , Yamamoto Yuki , Jinnin Masatoshi
Published: March 2019

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) or scleroderma is an autoimmune disorder characterized by tissue fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. The etiology of the skin fibrosis is thought to be thickened dermis due to uncontrolled excessive deposition of various extracellular matrix, mainly type I collagen.Systemic treatments with anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic immunosuppressive properties, such as corticosteroids and immunosuppressants, are usually considered for skin sclerosis of patients with SSc. However, their approach must be initiated at the early stage, before the fibrosis is completed, and the effects of the corticosteroids and immunosuppressants are known to be reduced in the late stages of the sclerosis. Furthermore, various significant adverse effects of these treatments must be considered.This paper discusses the present day understanding of therapeutic options using disease-modifying drugs against skin sclerosis of SSc patients and the possible mechanisms.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) activation as therapeutic targets in skin inflammation
Authors: Aioi Akihiro
Published: March 2019

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are fatty acid activated transcription factors that belong to the nuclear hormone receptor family. They are initially known as transcriptional regulators of lipid and glucose metabolism, although further evidence has also been accumulated for other functions. Due to the nature of all PPAR isotypes which are expressed and exert effects by regulating the functions of cell types residing and infiltrating in the skin, PPARs represent a major research target for the understanding and treatment of many skin diseases. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and relapsing disease characterized by skin barrier dysfunction and immune dysregulation. Skin barrier disturbance is one of the exacerbation factors of AD, due to facile penetration of molecules such as antigens. From the aspect of immune dysregulation, innate and acquired immunity including cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cytokine network are involved in the pathogenesis. In this review, the role of PPAR in AD and the possibility of its agonist for the treatment of AD are discussed.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2018 was awarded to Cancer Therapy by Inhibition of Negative Immune Regulation
Authors: Furukawa Fukumi
Published: March 2019

On October 1, The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2018 was awarded jointly to Dr. James P. Allison and Dr. Tasuku Honjo "for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation.The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institute released the comments that Dr. Allison and Dr. Honjo showed how different strategies for inhibiting the brakes on the immune system could be used in the treatment of cancer [1-5]. The seminal discoveries by the two laureates constitute a landmark in our fight against cancer. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2018/prize-announcement/I sincerely wish to congratulate two recipients, co-workers and many patients cooperated in clinical trials. In this journal, we have published several reviews and papers on immunity checkpoints so far. The reason is that the mission of this journal is in scientific awareness and dissemination of new immunotherapy.I herein introduce briefly my previous report with some modification [6]. Immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICIs) have opened promising avenues in the treatment of cancer. Various blocking antibodies targeting programmed cell death -1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) are approved for human use. They significantly improved disease outcome in a number of cancer patients by boosting anti-tumor immune responses. As Seidel, Otsuka and Kabashima described in their review article [7], mortality among advanced stage patients and the frequency of treatment-related adverse events remain high with current treatment. And, it is also noteworthy that unexpected immune related adverse effects (irAEs) appear, even when it becomes better to be administered to many cancer patients [8]. Unfortunately, the mechanisms of endocrine irAEs by ICIs, remain unclear, and optimal prevention, prediction, and treatment of the irAEs are still uncertain. However, appropriate uses and index setting related to prognosis are being studied in many fields such as dermatology [9] and other organs [6,7].While solving such problems, we have to understand that the mechanisms of immunogenic cell death are now moving from concepts to the clinic. We will explain the mechanism behind ICD and how it will perhaps breathe a new life into chemotherapy use in cancer, not front and center but as a helpful hand to immunotherapy [10].For a long time many scientists or doctors attempted to engage the immune system in the fight against cancer. Many clinicians stared at cancer patients who were to be dying by their side, mourning their inability. However, cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation checkpoint therapy has fundamentally changed the way we view how cancer can be managed and many patients will receive much better care and cure.
Antinuclear antibodies in Nakajo-Nishimura syndrome. A bridge with research on refractory autoimmune diseases
Authors: Furukawa Fukumi
Published: March 2019

Nakajo-Nishimura syndrome (NNS) is an autosomal, recessively inherited disorder, which has been reported by Japanese physicians. This disease is characterized by remittent fever, pernio-like skin rashes, nodular erythema-like skin eruptions and partial lipodystrophy. NNS is an immunoproteasome-associated autoinflammatory disorder caused by a mutation of the PSMB8 gene. In general, autoinflammatory diseases are not associated with autoantibody production because it is assumed that autoinflammatory disorders are caused by the dysfunction of innate immunity and/or the dysfunction of proteasomes that have been collectively designated as proteasome-associated autoinflammatory syndromes. Autoinflammatory diseases were originally defined as diseases in which autoantibodies and autoreactive T cells were not detected, without activation of antigen-specific adaptive immune system, unlike autoimmune diseases. However, in recent years, as we previously reported, cases with the appearance of autoantibodies have been reported, and the boundaries are becoming vague.   We herein discuss the relationship between ANA and autoinflammatory NNS. We collected 9 cases with NNS, in which 5 cases showed positive ANA or anti-dsDNA antibody during the course.   The autoantibodies in NNS is also expected due to abnormal production and response of IFNα, but detailed pathological conditions need to be elucidated by accumulation and examination of further cases in the future. In other words, NNS will become a bridge with research on refractory autoimmune diseases.
Discontinuing voriconazole induced no completely regression of multiple cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in a hematopoietic stem cell transplant patient
Authors: Hirakawa Yuka , Okuno Aika , Tanabe Atsuko , Okada Mutsumi , Anzai Naoyuki , Yamamoto Yuki , Furukawa Fukumi
Published: March 2019

Voriconazole is a universal anti-fungal prophylaxis, which is frequently taken to the patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and solid organ transplantation. Voriconazole can cause phototoxicity, multiple erythema in sun-exposed areas may develop actinic keratosis and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) while taking voriconazole. In North America and Europe, case reports of phototoxicity and aggressive cSCC in patients on voriconazole have been documented. Also 4 cases of voriconazole-associated cSCC have recently been reported in Japan. We describe a Japanese woman with multiple cSCC associated with recurrence of cSCC after discontinuing voriconazole.
Voltammetric Determination of Vanillin Using a Pretreated Pencil Graphite Electrode
Authors: GİRAY DİLGİN Didem
Published: March 2019

In this study, a sensitive voltammetric method

for the determination of vanillin in commercial food products was proposed

using a pencil lead as an electrode material. In the cyclic voltammograms of

vanillin recorded in pH 8.0 Britton Robinson buffer at the pre-oxidized pencil graphite

electrode (p-PGE), a sharp peak was observed at about 520 mV (vs. Ag / AgCl

electrode) attributed to the oxidation of vanillin. Subsequently, the

voltammetric determination of vanillin based on its oxidation at p-PGE was

carried out using the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique under

optimized conditions. DPV results showed that the oxidation peak current of

vanillin increased linearly in the concentration range of 0.5 to 10.0 µM

vanillin with a detection limit of 0.16 µM (based on 3Sb). In the final

step, this voltammetric method was applied to the determination of vanillin in

vanilla syrup samples. Results were in good agreement with the values indicated

on the labels of samples.
Effects of Freeze-Drying Process on Antioxidant and Some Physical Properties of Cherry Laurel and Kiwi Fruits
Authors: AKTÜRK GÜMÜŞAY Özlem , YILDIRIM YALÇIN Meral
Published: March 2019

Freeze-drying is a trend method for the preservation

of thermosensitive and nutritive food products. In this study, two different fruits,

kiwi fruit with high ascorbic acid content and cherry laurel fruit with high phenolic

content, were selected to study the freeze-drying effect on these compounds.

Ascorbic acid content, total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of kiwi

and cherry laurel fruits were determined before and after freeze-drying

process. Ascorbic acid content of kiwi and cherry laurel fruit were 205.14±21.33

and 3.00±1.02

mg/100 g dry matter, respectively. Total phenolic content of kiwi and cherry

laurel fruits were 262.66±19.97

and 1056.78±90.73 mg GAE/100 g dry matter, respectively. Ascorbic acid contents

did not change, while antioxidant capacities increased by freeze-drying process

for both fruits. The total phenolic content of cherry laurel fruits increased significantly

after freeze-drying in contrast to the total phenolic content of kiwi fruits.

Color values changed with freeze-drying, the lightness and yellowness values

increased significantly for both fruits (p<0.05). The rehydration ratios of

freeze-dried kiwi and cherry laurel fruits were found similar at 25 and 40°C. The rehydration ratio in water at 40°C increased more quickly in the beginning of

immersion than the ratio at 25°C. The

results of this study showed that freeze-drying method is highly recommended

for the preservation of nutritive values of these fruits and off-season

products.
Physicochemical, Textural, Cooking and Sensory Properties of Traditional Turkish Homemade Noodle Enriched with Apple Fiber
Authors: YUKSEL Ferhat , GURBUZ Melek
Published: March 2019

The aim of this study
is to determine some physicochemical, textural, cooking and sensory
characteristics of traditional Turkish homemade noodles enriched with apple
fiber. Apple fiber was incorporated into the noodle dough formulation at three
different concentrations (5, 10 and 20%). Dry matter contents of the samples were
in the range of 91.80-92.93% and an increase in dry matter with the addition of
apple fiber was determined. Protein contents of the samples were in the range
of 8.817-9.909 % and decreased significantly (p<0.05) with the addition of
apple fiber. Firmness value was determined to be 33.81 kg in the noodle
sample enriched with 20% apple fiber while the firmness value of un-enriched
one was 23.09 kg.
Color characteristics were significantly affected from the apple fiber concentration
(p<0.05). Generally, cooking properties of the samples increased
significantly in the noodles with the enrichment of apple fiber (p<0.05). No
significant difference was determined for the overall acceptability of samples (p>0.05).
Results indicated that innovative noodles could be produced by using apple
fiber.
Effect of Microwave Heating on Quality Parameters of Hazelnut, Canola and Corn Oils
Authors: ARİFOĞLU Nazan , ÖĞÜTCÜ Mustafa
Published: March 2019

This

study was conducted to determine the effect of microwave heating on the

turbidity, free fatty acids (FFA), peroxide values (PV), conjugated dienes (K232)

and trienes (K270) and oxidative induction times (OIT) of hazelnut,

canola and corn oils. The OIT values were determined via differential scanning

calorimeter (DSC). Microwave heating was applied to oil samples for 3, 5, 10,

15, 20 and 30 min. Untreated oil samples were also analysed. The FFA, PV, K232,

and K270 values of all oil samples increased with an increase in

microwave heating time while a decrease in the OIT values was detected. Physico-chemical

parameters as well as thermal measurements were effective in detecting the

oxidative changes occurring in oils during microwave heating. No changes in oil

turbidity during microwave heating were determined. Results indicated that

oxidation changes occurred in all oil samples. Although there was an increase

in the PV and FFA values of the oils, these values still remained within the

legal limits required for oils.
Bireysel Hızlı Dondurma İşlemi Basamaklarının Granny Smith Elmaların Polifenol İçeriği ve Antioksidan Kapasitesine Etkileri
Authors: KAMİLOĞLU Senem
Published: March 2019

Granny

Smith elmalar taze olarak tüketilebildiği gibi donmuş gıda sanayinde de yaygın

olarak kullanılmaktadırlar. Gıdaların üretim basamakları sırasında polifenol

içeriğinde meydana gelen değişimlerin incelenmesi son ürünün besin değerini

artırmak açısından önemlidir. Bu konu dikkate alınarak, bu çalışmada Granny

Smith elmaların bireysel hızlı dondurma (IQF) işlemi sırasında çeşitli üretim basamaklardan

alınan numunelerin polifenol içeriğinde meydana gelen değişimlerin değerlendirilmesi

amaçlanmıştır. Toplam fenolik ve flavonoid madde ile toplam antioksidan

kapasitedeki değişimler spektrofotometrik yöntemlerle tespit edilmiş olup,

polifenolik bileşiklerin tayini yüksek performanslı sıvı

kromatografisi–fotodiyot dizi dedektörü (HPLC–PDA) kullanılarak kromatografik

yöntemle yapılmıştır. HPLC–PDA ile yapılan analizler sonucunda hammaddede flavanoller,

dihidrokalkonlar, fenolik asitler ve flavonoller dahil 4 gruba ait toplam 10

adet polifenolik bileşen tespit edilmiştir. Atık olarak ayrılan ürünlerin

dihidrokalkonlar ve flavonoller açısından hammaddeden daha zengin olduğu

görülmüştür (%140–378) (p<0.05). Asitlendirme toplam fenolik madde, toplam

flavonoid madde, toplam antioksidan kapasite, flavanoller ve fenolik asitlerin

içeriğinde önemli artışlara neden olmuştur (%9–121) (p<0.05). Kesim ve

dondurma işlemlerinden sonra asitlendirmeye kıyasla düşüşler görülmüş olsa da,

hammadde ve son ürün arasında toplam fenolik madde, toplam flavonoid madde,

flavanol, dihidrokalkon ve fenolik asit içeriği bakımından istatistiksel olarak

önemli bir farklılık görülmemiştir (p>0.05). Bu sonuçlar IQF Granny Smith

elmaların da taze elmalar gibi iyi bir polifenol kaynağı olduğuna işaret

etmiştir.
Organik ve Konvansiyonel Memecik Çeşidi Yeşil Zeytinler Arasındaki Fiziksel, Kimyasal ve Pomolojik Özellikler Açısından Farklılıklar
Authors: Küçükyaşar Seçil , Pazır Fikret
Published: March 2019

Çalışmada organik ve konvansiyonel
olarak yetiştirilen Memecik çeşidi zeytinlerin fiziksel, kimyasal ve pomolojik analizleri
yapılarak ürünler arasındaki farklılıklarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Pomolojik özelliklerden dane ağırlığı, dane boyu ve meyvenin et oranı organik
yeşil zeytinlerde konvansiyonel yeşil zeytinlere kıyasla daha düşük bulunarak
istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir fark elde edilmiştir (p<0.05). Dane enleri
ve et/çekirdek oranları arasında ise anlamlı bir fark tespit edilmemiştir.
Kimyasal analiz sonuçları incelendiğinde, organik zeytinlerde toplam kurumadde
ve pH değerlerinin konvansiyonellere göre önemli derecede düşük (p<0.05),
titrasyon asitliği ve oleuropein değerlerinin ise önemli derecede yüksek
(p<0.05) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Toplam şeker, protein, yağ, kül ve toplam
fenolik içerikleri kurumadde bazında incelendiğinde organik zeytinlerde daha
yüksek değerler elde edilmiştir (p<0.05). Zeytinlerin renk değerleri
kıyaslandığında, organik zeytinlerde L* ve b*/a* değerleri, konvansiyonel
zeytinlerde ise a* ve a*/b* değerleri önemli derecede yüksek (p<0.05)
bulunurken, b* değerleri arasında anlamlı bir fark tespit edilmemiştir. H°
değerlerinin organik zeytinlerde anlamlı derecede yüksek (p<0.05)
bulunurken, C değerleri arasında fark tespit edilmemiştir. Elde edilen ∆E
değeri ile organik ve konvansiyonel zeytinler arasında renk farkı olduğu tespit
edilmiştir (p<0.05).
Manisa İlinden Toplanan Asma Yapraklarında Pestisit Kalıntıları
Authors: TÜRKÖZ BAKIRCI Gözde , Çınar Ezgi , KARAKAYA Senem
Published: March 2019

Bu çalışmada,
2017 yılında Manisa ilinde bulunan halka açık satış alanlarından temin edilen 232
asma yaprağı (Vitis vinifera) örneğinde 318 pestisit kalıntısı, sıvı
kromatografisi-tandem kütle spektrometresi (LC-MS/MS) ile QuEChERS yöntemi
kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, Türk Gıda Kodeksi (TGK)
Pestisit Maksimum Kalıntı Limitlerine (MRL) göre değerlendirilmiştir. Seksen beş
(%36.6) numunede pestisit kalıntısına rastlanmış olup toplam 52 numunede (%22.4)
TGK MRL’lerin üzerinde pestisit etken maddesi tespit edilmiştir. Analiz edilen
asma yaprağı örneklerinde 318 pestisit etken maddesinden, 42 farklı pestisit ve
210 farklı sonuç elde edilmiş olup bu sonuçların 92 ‘sinin ise MRL değerlerinin
üzerinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Analiz edilen asma yapraklarında en çok rastlanan
etken maddenin metalaxyl, TGK MRL değerleri üzerinde çıkan etken maddenin ise azoxystrobin
olduğu çalışmalar sonucunda ortaya çıkmıştır. Sonuçlar, asma yapraklarında
pestisit kalıntısının yüksek oranda tespit edildiğini göstermektedir.
Tikhonov gamma variate adaptive regularization applied to technetium Tc 99m diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid plasma clearance, compared with three other methods, for measuring glomerular filtration rate in cats
Authors: Snead Elisabeth C. , Milo Jewel E. , McCrea Carling A. , Montgomery James E. , Feng Cindy Xin , Wesolowski Michal J. , Wanasundara Surajith N. , Wesolowski Carl A.
Published: March 2019

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate agreement of 4 methods (Tikhonov gamma variate adaptive regularization of plasma concentration-time curve fitting applied to technetium Tc 99m diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid [99mTc-DTPA] plasma clearance [Tk-GV], plasma clearance of exogenous creatinine [CrCL], Gates gamma camera-based measurement method with 99mTc-DTPA renal clearance and dynamic scintigraphy [GTS], and iohexol renal clearance assessed with dynamic CT with Patlak plotting [CT-Pp]) for measuring glomerular filtration rates (GFR) in healthy cats.

ANIMALS

7 healthy, laboratory-raised cats.

PROCEDURES

Each method for measuring GFR was performed twice in 7 cats at 24-day intervals. The Wilcoxon signed-rank sum test was used to compare the results obtained from the 14 studies for each method. Results from the 4 methods were assessed for agreement and correlation.

RESULTS

The median GFR values were 2.75, 2.83, 3.14, and 4.26 mL/min/kg, for Tk-GV, CT-Pp, plasma CrCL, and GTS, respectively. Analysis with Wilcoxon signed-rank sum tests identified significant pairwise differences between results obtained with the Tk-GV versus the plasma CrCL method, the Tk-GV versus the GTS method, and the plasma CrCL versus the GTS method. The least variable method was Tk-GV, with an SD of 1.27 (mL/min/kg).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Findings indicated that Tk-GV yielded GFR measurements comparable with those obtained with CT-Pp, plasma CrCL, and GTS; however, the Tk-GV method yielded the tightest range of results among the methods evaluated.
Thrombin generation in different commercial sodium citrate blood tubes
Authors: Salvagno Gian Luca , Demonte Davide , Gelati Matteo , Poli Giovanni , Favaloro Emmanuel J. , Lippi Giuseppe
Published: March 2019

Background

This study aimed to verify whether blood drawn into six different commercial coagulation tubes generated comparable results of thrombin generation.

Methods

Blood was sequentially collected from 20 healthy subjects into different brand and draw volume 3.2% sodium citrate tubes (4.3 mL Sarstedt, 3.0 mL Greiner, 2.7 mL Becton Dickinson, 2.0 mL Kima, 1.8 mL Sarstedt and 1.0 mL Greiner). Thrombin generation was measured in plasma with the fully-automated ST Genesia analyzer using the weakest trigger (STG-BleedScreen).

Results

Different values of lag time (LT), time to reach thrombin peak (TP), thrombin peak height (PH) and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) were commonly found in different tubes. Thrombin generation was the lowest in 4.3 mL Sarstedt tubes and the highest in 1.0 mL Greiner tubes. Other tubes displayed intermediate values. In multiple comparisons, LT was significantly different in 6/15 cases (40%), whilst PH, TP and ETP were significantly different in 14/15 (93%), 13/15 (87%) and 13/15 (87%) cases. The mean percent bias of LT, PH, TP and ETP ranged between -6% and +1%, -27% and +116%, -22% and +8%, and between -18% and +65%. The intra-assay imprecision of LT, PH, TP and ETP was exceeded in 0/15 (0%), 13/15 (87%), 6/15 (40%) and 13/15 (87%) comparisons. The correlation of LT, PH, TP and ETP values in different tubes ranged between 0.718–0.971, 0.570–0.966, 0.725–0.977 and 0.101–0.904.

Conclusions

Blood collection for thrombin generation assays requires local standardization using identical tubes for brand and draw volume, and reference ranges calculated according to type of tubes.
Mitochondrial theory of skeletal muscle ageing –new facts, new doubts
Authors: Słodki Sebastian , Bogucka Joanna
Published: March 2019

For many years, scientists have been pursuing research on skeletal muscle ageing both in humans and animals. Studies on animal models have extended our knowledge of this mechanism in humans. Most researchers agree that the major processes of muscle ageing occur in the mitochondria as the major energy production centres in muscle cells. It is believed that decisive changes occur at the enzymatic activity level as well as in protein synthesis and turnover ability. Deregulation of ion channels and oxidative stress also play significant roles. In particular, in recent years the free radical theory of ageing has undergone considerable modification; researchers are increasingly highlighting the partly positive effects of free radicals on processes occurring in cells. In addition, the influence of diet and physical activity on the rate of muscle cell ageing is widely debated as well as the possibility of delaying it through appropriate physical exercise and diet programmes. Numerous studies, especially those related to genetic processes, are still being conducted, and in the near future the findings could provide valuable information on muscle ageing. The results of ongoing research could answer the perennial question of whether and how we can influence the rate of ageing both in animals and humans.
GAMBARAN TINGKAT STRES KERJA PERAWAT DENGAN KERJA SHIFT DI INSTALASI GAWAT DARURAT RSUD KARANGASEM
Authors: Sulistyawati Ni Nengah Nita , Purnawati Susy , Muliarta I Made
Published: March 2019

Profesi keperawatan sekarang ini dituntut agar mampu tingkatkan kualitas layanan kesehatan dan bisa memberikan pelayanan kesehatan selama 24 jam. Dalam mewujudkannya rumah sakit menerapkan sistem kerja shift.Sistem kerja shift memiliki dampak bagi kesehatan fisik dan psikis.Tuntutan kerja yang tinggi bagi profesi perawat khususnya perawat Isntalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD) dengan etos kerja yang berpacu pada waktudalam menangani kasus-kasus kegawatdaruratan medis. Hal ini bisa mengakibatkan terjadinya stres kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat gambaran tingkat stres kerja perawat dengan kerja shift di ruang IGD RSUD Karangasem. Penelitian ini bersifat  deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional yang dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2016 hingga September 2017. Sampel dipilih menggunakan total sampling yaitu libatkan seluruh perawat dengan kerja shift di ruang IGD RSUD Karangasem yang berjumlah 31 orang. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara langsung menggunakan instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner OSI-RTM (Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised Edition). Penelitian ini tunjukkan rata-rata usia responden 28,5 tahun dengan usia maksisum 45 tahun dan usia minimum 22 tahun. 51,6% sampel adalah laki-laki, 61,3% sampel sudah menikah dan 48,4% bekerja selama 6 bulan-3 tahun.  87,1% perawat IGD RSUD Karangasem mengalami tingkat stres kerja sedang. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa gambaran tingkat stres kerja perawat IGD RSUD Karangasem yaitu mayoritas mengalami tingkat stres kerja sedang dengan tingkat stres kerja responden berdasarkan karakteristiknya yaitu terdistribusi merata laki-laki dan perempuan, responden belum menikah alami tingkat stres kerja sedang yang lebih tinggi dan mayoritas responden masa kerja 6 bulan – 3 tahun yang mengalami stres kerja sedang.

Kata Kunci: Stres Kerja, Perawat, Kerja Shift, IGD, RSUD
POLA PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIKA PADA PASIEN DEWASA DENGAN DEMAM TIFOID DI RSUP SANGLAH DENPASAR TAHUN 2016-2017
Authors: Melarosa Putu Resika , Ernawati Desak Ketut , Mahendra Agung Nova
Published: March 2019

Demam tifoid atau yang dikenal dengan demam enterik merupakan penyakit infeksi sistemik yang berpotensi fatal yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Salmonella enterica typhi (S.typhy). Pada daerah endemik, sekitar 90% dari demam enterik adalah demam tifoid. Indonesia memilki insiden yang cukup tinggi dengan jumlah kasus yang terus meningkat. Diperkirakan mortalitas dari kasus demam tifoid di Indonesia antara 0,6% sampai 2%. Antibiotika merupakan terapi utama untuk penanganan pasien demam tifoid. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola penggunaan antibiotika pada dewasa dengan demam tifoid di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar tahun 2016-2017. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional dengan metode cross-sectional. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara retrospektif. Sampel diambil dari rekam medis pasien dewasa dengan demam tifoid yang dirawat di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar tahun 2016-2017. Teknik pemilihan subjek menggunakan total sampling. Subjek merupakan pasien dewasa dengan demam tifoid yang dirawat di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. Total sampel yang diperoleh sebanyak 55 pasien dewasa dengan demam tifoid. Golongan antibiotika yang digunakan di RSUP Sanglah adalah ampisilin, sefalosporin generasi ketiga, fluorokuinolon, dan azitromisin. Jenis antibiotika yang digunakan seperti ampisilin, seftriakson, sefiksim, levofloxacin, dan azitromisin. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa antibiotika yang digunakan di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar adalah jenis levofloxacin (45,5%) dari golongan fluorokuinolon dengan rute pemberian di rumah sakit secara intravena dan diberikan selama 3-7 hari.

Kata kunci : Demam tifoid, Antibiotika, RSUP
ASUPAN ZAT GIZI DAN STATUS GIZI ANAK VEGETARIAN DAN NON VEGETARIAN KELAS 3-6 SEKOLAH DASAR DI BHAKTIVEDANTA DHARMA SCHOOL
Authors: Purwaningsih Kadek Ayu , Weta I Wayan , Aryani Putu
Published: March 2019

Anak merupakan kelompok usia yang sedang mengalami proses tumbuh dan kembang yang sangat ditentukan oleh asupan zat gizi. Tidak sesuainya asupan zat gizi dengan kebutuhan akan menyebabkan terganggunya proses tumbuh kembang anak. Salah satu faktor risiko yang dapat menyebabkan hal ini adalah rendahnya variasi sumber bahan makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan asupan zat gizi dan status gizi antara anak vegetarian dengan non vegetarian. Jenis penelitian analitik observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 30 anak vegetarian dan 41 non vegetarian di Bhaktivedanta Dharma School. Data asupan zat gizi dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan semikuantitatif food frequency questionnaire, data status gizi dikumpulkan dengan pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan rerata asupan energi, protein, lemak dan serat pada anak vegetarian dan non vegetarian berbeda bermakna dengan nilai P berturut-turut (0,021; <0,001; 0,009; <0,001). Data status gizi menunjukan tidak terdapat perbedaan status gizi antara anak vegetarian dengan non vegetarian.

Kata Kunci: Anak, vegetarian, asupan zat gizi, status gizi, gizi seimbang