bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two-Year Update on ACHA-NCHA II Results Following the Implementation of a Sexual Assault Violence Prevention and Awareness Campaign at a State-Supported Regional University
Authors: Dupain Mandi , Lombardi Julie Ann , Echeverria Sandra
Published: July 2021

Objective: We measured progress on seven (7) objectives from Topic Area: Injury and Violence Prevention of the Healthy Campus 2020 campaign at our university. We assessed execution of a Sexual Assault Violence Prevention and Awareness campaign one-year post implementation. Participants and Methods: One thousand and fifty-two students at our University completed the American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment II Survey. Results: From 2.8-11% of students reported emotionally, physically, and sexually abusive intimate relationships, and non-consensual touching and penetration. Conclusions: Our University is committed to supporting and maintaining an educational environment free from all forms of violence and will continue to offer educational sessions and outreach efforts.
Direct Observation of Searching for Online Health Information: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence
Authors: Branscum Paul , Hayes Logan , Wallace Lorraine
Published: July 2021

Few studies have been conducted to explore how individuals objectively attempt to retrieve health information using some type of observational method. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to systematically describe and summarize studies employing a direct observational method, and/or video/audio recording program, to examine how individuals actively search for online health information. Eleven articles were found to be acceptable. Overall, studies contained fairly small sample sizes, used mostly college students, and no study explicitly recruited any racial or minority groups. Implications for future research and practice is discussed.
Liderazgo pedagógico directivo en un contexto de trabajo remoto por la emergencia sanitaria, COVID-19
Authors: Cisneros Castillo Giovanna Azucena , Ledesma Cuadros Mildred Jénica
Published: July 2021

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo describir las diferencias que existen en los factores que intervienen en el liderazgo pedagógico directivo realizado en el trabajo remoto en las instituciones educativas de gestión pública de Lima Este. El estudio se enmarca en el enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, de tipo descriptivo comparativo, corte transversal; la población se conformó por directivos de las instituciones educativas de Lima Este, siendo la muestra de 104 directivos, se aplicó la técnica de la encuesta cuyo cuestionario se hizo llegar a través de un formulario Google. Los resultados indicaron que el liderazgo pedagógico directivo, en el trabajo remoto, en las instituciones educativas en estudio se viene desarrollando convenientemente, lo que favorece a las instituciones y estudiantes. Los resultados indicaron que no existen diferencias significativas en los factores que intervienen en el liderazgo pedagógico directivo en el trabajo remoto en las instituciones educativas de gestión pública de Lima Este; lo que implica que estos factores determinantes en la práctica del liderazgo pedagógico directivo se vienen gestionando con equivalentes resultados.
Nutrición de Vanilla planifolia A. post estrés abiótico
Authors: Rosas Baca Arturo , Rodríguez Cabrera Rocío , García Muñoz Silvia Amanda , Piña Ramírez Francisco Javier , Arwell Nathan Leyva Chávez
Published: July 2021

La vainilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) es una orquídea que produce frutos aromáticos comestibles, lo que la posiciona como uno de los legados agro biológicos más trascendentales de las culturas de Mesoamérica. (Fernández, 2014). El objetivo de la investigación fue estimular la recuperación de una plantación de Vanilla planifolia Andrews en el Municipio de Tihuatlán, Ver. México, después de estas sometida a estés por sequía. Se seleccionando esquejes estresados que estaban sanos con yemas viables con al menos un cm de diámetro y 80 cm de largo; se desinfectaron antes de la siembra, se reguló la luz y se establecieron los tutores. Para motivar la recuperación se emplearon dos sistemas de nutrición, una convencional y otra orgánica. Las variables de respuesta evaluadas fueron: longitud de planta, número de hojas, grosor de tallo, raíces aéreas, entrenudos, concentración de clorofila y Número de brotes por esqueje. El resultado final fue que no se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativas entre los dos sistemas de nutrición por lo que se concluye que la recuperación del cultivo de vainilla puede ser provocara por ambos, sin embargo es mejor mantener un manejo completamente orgánico por diversos beneficios a la salud, ambientales, sociales y económicos.
Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan Dan Perilaku Masyarakat Tentang Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk Di Banjar Dinas Dangin Pura Desa Panji Sukasada Buleleng
Authors: Sintha Agung , Daryaswanti Putu Intan
Published: July 2021

Background: Dengue hemorrhagic fever is one of the population's health issues in Indonesia, with an increasing number of sufferers as the disease spreads. The cases rose dramatically in Panji Village, with a significant spike in cases per year. Dengue hemorrhagic fever transmission is inextricably linked to the residents' experience and behavior. Mosquito Nest Eradication is the most reliable, safe, and cost-effective method of eliminating dengue fever vectors. The MNE Program must be complemented by increasing public awareness of dengue fever. Public awareness is needed since it is the first step in changing people's behavior. The aim of this study is to describe the community's level of knowledge and behavior regarding MNE in Panji Village.

Method: This study is a descriptive study using univariate analysis. The overall selection of this study was 400 people from the community who were interviewed using a questionnaire. The inclusion criteria comprises any community member from Banjar Dinas Dangin Pura, who is 17 to 55 years old and can read and write. Meanwhile, people between the ages of 17 and 55 who are wandering, those with mental illnesses, and people with special needs are among the exclusion criteria.

Results: The majority of the population in the Banjar Dinas Dangin Pura Panji Village was between the ages of 26 and 35 (46.7%), In terms of gender  (224 people) (56%) were men, completed their high schools, with 229 people (57.3%), were working as farmers 158 individuals (39.4%). Most people in Banjar Dinas Dangin Pura Panji Village had inadequate knowledge as many as 249 individuals (62.3%), and had less behavior as many as 152 individuals (38%) towards MNE.

Conclusion : The majority of people had a poor degree of awareness about MNE, and those on MNE had a poor degree of behavior.
Gambaran Tingkat Stres Akademik Mahasiswa DIII Keperawatan Dalam Menjalani Pembelajaran Online di Stikes Kesdam IX/Udayana
Authors: Prayitno Eko , Daryaswanti Putu Intan
Published: July 2021

Background: The recent outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic has restricted activities involving large groups of individuals, including the learning process at institutions that should use an online learning system. Boredom and trouble understanding information during online learning can result in academic stress for students, who must be able to adjust to a new learning method as well as the demands of campus assignments. The goal of this study is to determine the amount of academic stress experienced by DIII nursing students enrolled in online learning at Stikes Kesdam IX/Udayana in 2021.

Methods: This study employs a descriptive research method. DIII nursing students from Stikes Kesdam IX/Udayana made up the study's population, which totalled 94 persons. Random sampling with a modified Dass 42 questionnaire was employed in this study with validity value (0.361-0.603) and a reliable value (0.916).

Results: According to the findings of the survey, as many as 37 people (50%) aged 17 to 25 years faced significant academic stress. As many as 25 people were found to be suffering from significant academic stress among male respondents (54.3%). On the other hand, students in their junior and senior years were more likely to feel significant academic stress, with up to 22 people reporting this occurrence (53.6%). Meanwhile, 35 students (49.3%) faced extreme academic stress as they had an accomplishment index score of 2.76-3.5.

Conclusion: The amount of academic stress experienced by DIII  nursing students enrolled in online learning at Stikes Kesdam IX/Udayana, with 94 responses, fell into the severe academic stress group, with as many as 48 people experiencing severe academic stress (51.1% ).
An Analysis into the Contribution of Google Applications in the Successful Implementation of Online Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: M. Rajeshwari , Vinayachandra  , K. Geetha Poornima , K. Krishna Prasad
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The emergence of COVID-19 led the world to an unprecedented public health crisis. The outbreak and cause of COVID-19 have placed a wide range of social, political, and economic impacts. The negative impact placed on education is addressed using online education. This paper aims to find success in online education using google applications on regular days and pandemic periods to support the lifelong continuous learning experience. The focus of this study is to review students’ satisfaction with the web applications which are mandatory for online education.
Methodology: The non-probability sampling technique is used to collect data for analysis. The new set of hypotheses are identified by using this sampling technique. The exploratory research method is followed to find better results on this topic. Survey questionnaires were prepared and delivered to higher education students of various colleges of various universities in and around our Dakshina Kannada district. The survey including questions on the mode of online education, their level of satisfaction, technologies used, internet facility, internet applications used for the online class. More than 1000 responses were received by the students who are experiencing online education and its platform.
Findings/Result: The study aims to decide the regularity of use of the various features of Google applications. Students’ opinions toward online learning based on their involvements have been observed. The elements, modes, and tools which designed those students’ online education practices have also been considered. The analysis was conducted to identify a variety of applications available for online classroom education with their features that made them so important.
Originality: The features of several internet applications were considered to find popularity in the online mode of education. This analysis may helpful for teachers, students, and administrators even after the pandemic period to conduct additional online courses in a parallel fashion along with traditional classrooms to improve the lifelong learning experience.
Paper Type: Survey paper.
Riedel’s thyroiditis associated with mediastinal and retroperitoneal fibrosis
Authors:   Service d’Endocrinologie et Maladies Métaboliques, CHU Bab El Oued, Alger – Algérie, Azzoug Said
Published: July 2021

Résumé : La thyroïdite de Riedel est une pathologie fibrosante rare qui s’associe parfois à d’autres pathologies fibrosantes comme rapporté dans l’observation qui suit. Observation : Mme B.F consulte à l’âge de 44 ans pour un goitre de consistance dure pierreuse suspecte ; l’échographie cervicale retrouve un goitre nodulaire calcifié suspect avec des adénopathies satellites, la cytoponction retrouva une hyperplasie lymphoréticulaire non spécifique. La patiente a été opérée retrouvant une thyroïde infiltrant les muscles préthyroïdiens ; les biopsies avec l’étude histologique étaient en faveur d’une thyroïdite de Riedel, la patiente développa par la suite une hypothyroïdie qui fut substituée. Six années plus tard, la patiente développa une toux et un syndrome cave supérieur, le scanner thoracique retrouva un aspect de fibrose médiastinale, la patiente a été mise sous corticoïdes avec une bonne évolution clinique et une stabilisation des lésions sur le plan radiologique. Par la suite, après plusieurs années et suite à des douleurs lombaires droites l’IRM abdominale retrouva une fibrose rétropéritonéale engainant l’uretère droit. Conclusion : La thyroïdite de Riedel s’intègre parfois dans une atteinte fibrosante multi systémique qu’il faudrait rechercher et traiter afin d’améliorer le pronostic du patient.
Cushing’s syndrome and HELLP syndrome. A case report
Authors:   Service d’Endocrinologie et Maladies Métaboliques, CHU Bab El Oued, Alger – Algérie, Azzoug Said , Maiz Hadj Ahmed Aicha , Chentli Farida
Published: July 2021

Le syndrome de cushing (SC) est rare durant la grossesse et ses conséquences maternofœtales Peuvent être fatales. Nous rapportons l’observation d’une patiente qui présentait un SC compliqué d’un HELLP syndrome. Observation : Une patiente âgée de 35 ans consulte à 26 semaines d’aménorrhée (SA) pour prise en charge d’un SC. Sur le plan clinique elle présente une obésité faciotronculaire et des signes d’hypercatabolisme. Le cycle du cortisol était rompu, le freinage faible était négatif et le taux d’ACTH était inférieur à 1 pg/ml. L’IRM abdominale objectivait une masse surrénalienne droite de 35 mm. L’hypercorticisme s’est compliqué de pré-éclampsie, de diabète sucré et d’hypokaliémie. L’évolution était marquée par une élévation des ALAT, une thrombopénie et une anémie compatibles avec un HELLP syndrome obligeant la réalisation d’une césarienne de sauvetage à 29 SA avec naissance d’un nouveau-né de sexe masculin vivant et sain. La patiente a bénéficié par la suite d’une surrénalectomie droite et l’étude histologique concluait à un adénome. Conclusion : Le SC de la grossesse est une pathologie rare dont l’étiologie est le plus souvent surrénalienne. Le pronostic materno-fœtal est engagé du fait d’une forte prévalence de complications pouvant engager le pronostic vital tel que le HELLP syndrome qui représente une urgence obstétricale
Clinical presentations of malingering in pretrial forensic assessment. A serial case study
Authors:   Service de psychiatrie, EHS psychiatrique El Madher, Batna – Algérie, Benmebarek Zoubir
Published: July 2021

Introduction : L’expertise psychiatrique pénale représente un moment crucial pour simuler des troubles mentaux afin d’échapper aux sanctions. Le but de cette étude est de décrire la fréquence des cas de simulation chez des prévenus, leurs présentations cliniques ainsi que les moyens de détection utilisés. Méthode : Nous avons réalisés une analyse rétrospective des rapports d’expertises psychiatriques présententielles faits durant la période 2006-2015 pour des individus incarcérés. Les informations ont été recueillies du dossier du détenu, de l’examen psychiatrique, de l’interrogatoire des gardiens de prison ainsi que du dossier d’instruction. Résultats : Sur 71 dossiers examinés, 14 (19,1 %) étaient des simulateurs. Tous étaient des hommes, 64 % étaient célibataires et sans profession. L’âge moyen était de 34,8 ans. Les antécédents psychiatriques étaient retrouvés dans 28,5% des cas et les habitudes toxiques chez 57%. La plupart des examinés (85%) étaient inculpés pour des crimes et 4 d’entre eux étaient des récidivistes. Les symptômes cliniques étaient : un manque de coopération (100 %) ; des troubles mnésiques (85%), un mutisme (14%), des maniérismes (14%) et des troubles hallucinatoires (14%). Des symptômes anxieux et dépressifs étaient retrouvés dans 28% des cas. Aucun n’a présenté de délire. Lors de l’examen psychiatrique, 71 % des simulateurs étaient sous prescription médicale de psychotropes. Trois cas présentaient des signes évidents de personnalité antisociale. Des informations collatérales ont été nécessaires pour confirmer le diagnostic chez 9 cas (dans 4 cas par les gardiens de prison ; dans 3 cas par le juge d’instruction et dans 2 cas par consultation du dossier médical). Aucun test psychométrique n’a été réalisé vu leur indisponibilité. Conclusion : La simulation est fréquente lors des expertises psychiatriques ; ses symptômes sont variés et hétérogènes et ses signes non spécifiques. L’expérience clinique est primordiale dans la détection mais il est toujours nécessaire de recueillir des informations collatérales. Les tests psychométriques devront être utilisés systématiquement pour améliorer la validité du diagnostic.
Les examens de laboratoire en hématologie
Authors:   Hematology and Cell Therapy Department, EHU “1er Novembre 1954” Oran, Algeria., Brahimi Mohamed , Bouamama Farah , Alem Assia , Mihoubi Amel ,   Biotechnology Department, University of Oran, Algeria., Bekadja Mohamed Amine
Published: July 2021

Complete blood cell count (CBC) and coagulation screening tests are the most performed laboratory tests. These two assays must be done systematically in various occasions since many blood disorders can be pauci or asymptomatic, and every illness may lead to their disturbance. For these reasons these tests are described in this paper. Nowadays, the majority of CBCs are performed using eighteen parameters automatic counters. For pedagogic reasons, this load of parameters is divided into three parts: red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs) and platelets parameters and the alteration of each of these later are highlighted hereafter. Standard coagulation assays (aPPT, PT, and fibrinogen) are described and the clinical approach explained in this monograph.
CAROTID DOPPLER INDICES WITH AGE AND BODY MASS INDEX IN A SAMPLED NIGERIAN POPULATION
Authors: Onwuzu Sobechukwu Warric , Ugwu Anthony , Onwuzu Ifunanya , Agbo Julius
Published: July 2021

Background: Carotid Doppler studies are frequently carried out to assess for possible stenosis resulting from the presence of carotid plaques. The carotid peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) are key indices for determining the severity of the stenosis. However, normative values of these parameters may be dependent on anthropological variables like age and body mass index (BMI)

Objective: The study was aimed at assessing the variations of PSV and EDV with age and BMI in a sampled Nigerian population.

Materials and Methods: A total of 204 participants (72 males and 132 non-gravid females) aged between 20 and 70 years who were normotensive with no cardiovascular diseases were selected. Their ages, BMI, PSV and the EDV were measured using standard protocols for the four segments of the carotid artery: common carotid (CC), carotid bulb (CB), internal carotid (IC) and the external carotid (EC). Data obtained were presented using tables and line graphs while the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the significant differences in measurement across the groups.

Results: The mean PSV recorded were 88.25 ± 7.43 cm/s for the CC, 73.93 ± 6.23 cm/s for the IC, 51.01 ± 4.30 cm/s for the CB and 50.41 ± 4.25 cm/s for the EC. There was a steady increase of the PSV between 20 and 46 years from 74.91 cm/s to 98.78 cm/s for the CC, from 62.76 cm/s to 82.75 cm/s for the IC, from 42.80 cm/s to 56.43 cm/s for the EC and from 43.30 cm/s to 57.10 cm/s for the CB. The maximum EDV measured for the IC was (24.75 ± 2.11 cm/s). Others were 21.12 ± 1.8 cm/s for the CC, 19.38 ± 1.65 cm/s for CB and 16.92 ± 1.44 cm/s for the EC. The EDV also increased steadily between 20 to 46 years from 17.76 cm/s to 23.68 cm/s for the CC, from 21.04 cm/s to 27.75 cm/s for the IC, from 14.38 cm/s to 18.97 cm/s for the EC and from 16.48 cm/s to 21.73 cm/s for the CB. The PSV and EDV varied significantly with age (p > 0.05). Also, the PSV and EDV increased slightly with increasing BMI from 30 – 31.9 kg/m2. For a BMI of 20 kg/m2 to 32 kg/m2, the increase in PSV were from 79.48 cm/s to 90.75 cm/s for the CC, from 66.58 cm/s to 76.03 cm/s for the IC, from 45.40 cm/s to 51.85 cm/s for the EC and from 45.94 cm/s to 52.46 cm/s for the CV. Similarly, the PSV and EDV values decreased at a BMI of 30 – 31.99 kg/m2. Thus, the BMI was significantly associated with PSV and EDV across all segments of the carotid artery (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: There are significant variations in carotid PSV and EDV with age and BMI. These variations should be taken into consideration when diagnoses on alterations in carotid artery flow are to be made using PSV and EDV values.
RADIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF LEAD APRON INTEGRITY IN FIVE SELECTED HOSPITALS IN ABUJA, NIGERIA
Authors: Ilupeju Ibrahim
Published: July 2021

Background: The general consensus is that any exposure to ionising radiation carries a risk. Diagnostic radiology is the largest (87%) contributor to man-made ionising radiation, therefore any economical and socially acceptable means of reducing dose without compromising the diagnostic value of the procedure must be worth implementing.

Aim: This study is aimed at evaluating lead apron integrity in five selected Hospitals in Abuja, Nigeria.

Methodology: The methodology approach includes the application of a large area beam for transmission measurement with the placement of OSLD before and behind the ten (10) lead aprons to determine the entrance and exit dose as well as the transmission factor. In this study, a lead apron consisting of 0.25mm and 0.35mm thickness were examined.

Results: The result shows that the transmittance factor of the entrance and exit dose through the lead equivalent aprons is directly proportional to the age of the apron with NHA1 having the highest transmission factor (0.83) and oldest age (16 years). WGH2 has the lowest transfer factor (0.12) and the least age (1 year).

Conclusion: Lead aprons loses their attenuation capability over time and should be replaced after 15 years at most for effective protection against ionizing radiation.
Review on Active Islanding Detection Technique in Distributed Generation for Current Controlled Inverter
Authors: Atram Shubham , Likhar Yogesh , Bhombe R. M.
Published: July 2021

The Goal Islanding occurs when a portion of distributed power system becomes electrically isolated from the rest of the power system yet continues to be energized by distributed generators. All such occurrences are needed to be detected as early as possible in order to safely shut down the distributed generators. This is because, continued operation of these generators under islanding can lead to multitude of operational hazards/challenges to the generators and to connected loads.The current industry practice is to disconnect all distributed generators immediately after the occurrence of islands. Typically, a distributed generator should be disconnected within 100 to 300 ms after loss of main supply. To achieve such a goal, each distributed generator must be equipped with an islanding detection device, which is also called anti islanding devices. In this study, an active islanding detection technique is proposed for grid connected inverters. Feasibility of the proposed technique. Proposed project run on MATLAB 2016 Simulink environment.
Panorama da Dimensão Política da Agroecologia Brasileira a partir do Levantamento de Teses e Dissertações no Catálogo da CAPES
Authors: Carvalho Frederico Castro , Caetano Rodrigo Da Costa
Published: July 2021

O artigo reflete a dimensão política da agroecologia, orientada nas discussÃµes desta seara atreladas aos processos de construção do conhecimento agroecológico no Brasil, a partir de um balanço de publicações acadêmicas.  O processo de levantamento exploratório ocorreu na base Capes Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações. A pesquisa foi realizada no segundo semestre de 2020, utilizando-se dos termos de busca: "agroecologia"AND"política", com aplicação do filtro temporal 2015 a 2019; foram encontrados 143 trabalhos em nível de pós-graduação stricto sensu. Os materiais utilizados foram, principalmente, os resumos, as palavras-chave, os referenciais mais citados e os programas cursados, com o objetivo de observar e refletir acerca da interface agroecologia/política, que revelou apresentar elevado grau de complexidade, dialogando com diversas áreas do conhecimento. Assim, emergiram categorias que permitem compreender melhor a temática proposta e iniciar um debate epistemológico, a saber: educação, políticas públicas, desenvolvimento, movimentos sociais, redes, tecnologias sociais, gênero e saúde.
Sustentabilidad. Laudato si' como crítica a los fundamentos teológico-políticos de la economía
Authors: Cuda Emilce
Published: July 2021

No abstract available.
Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 35, No. 103, 2018: 3-15.
Dos libros imprescindibles
Authors: González Faus José Ignacio
Published: July 2021

No abstract available.
Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 35, No. 103, 2018: 73-79.
Forty years later: monitoring and status of the endangered Coachella Valley fringe-toed lizard
Authors: Barrows Cameron W. , Heacox Scott A.
Published: July 2021

The Coachella Valley fringe-toed lizard, Uma inornata, was listed as endangered under the California Endangered Species Act in 1980. By that time, the lizard’s habitat was already reduced by 90%, fragmented into isolated habitat islands on private property among hundreds of landowners. Ecosystem processes that are essential for delivering sand and maintaining the lizard’s sand dune habitat were already compromised. As challenging as it was to protect its habitat under these conditions, populations of this lizard still occur across much of the area where it was found forty years ago. Annual monitoring was designed to assess the ongoing viability of these populations by quantifying the effects of potential threats and stressors and focusing adaptive management actions where they are most needed. Here we demonstrate how hypothesis-based monitoring identified specific locations where invasive plant control and sand corridor management were needed to maintain the lizard’s populations. By monitoring lizard densities within the context of environmental variables that either drive or inhibit population growth, this monitoring approach informs if, when, and where management actions are needed.
Assessing the distribution and abundance of larval Longfin Smelt: What can a larval monitoring program tell us about the distribution of a rare species?
Authors: Eakin Michael
Published: July 2021

Following its listing as threatened under the California Endangered Species Act in 2009, Longfin Smelt (Spirinchus thaleichthys) became a focus of resource managers in the San Francisco Estuary. Water exports were identified as one of the factors affecting Longfin Smelt abundance, and managers were challenged with balancing freshwater flows through the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta between human and ecosystem needs. This balance becomes especially challenging during the winter and spring when Longfin Smelt are spawning. Resource managers identified that the impact associated with entrainment of larval Longfin Smelt in the winter was uncertain, and to understand and manage this risk, new data was needed. In 2009 the Smelt Larva Survey was implemented and has since sampled newly hatched larvae from January–March. Here, I analyze this data and ask specific questions regarding distribution and densities of the larvae throughout five regions of the Upper Estuary – Napa River, Suisun, Confluence, Northern Delta, and Southern Delta – with the goal of understanding the spatial and temporal patterns of larval distribution since 2009. I found that larvae were most prevalent in the Suisun, Confluence, and Northern Delta regions, and less common in the Southern Delta and Napa River regions. Larval Longfin Smelt densities changed following a recent drought and record low population abundances. Median per-station averaged densities ranged from 154 to 274 fish per 1,000 m3 between 2009 and 2013 but declined to 1 to 65 fish per 1,000 m3 from 2014 to 2019. This survey data demonstrates that Longfin Smelt reproductive output has declined since their listing in 2009 and that their distribution into the Southern Delta is low relative to the rest of the Upper Estuary. These results reaffirm the species’ continued decline since its listing, and that improving the abundance of spawning adults is one of the many important steps needed for long-term recovery and resilience.
Analisis Kepenulisan Surat 1 Petrus: Suatu Tanggapan Terhadap Teori Pseudonymous
Authors: Astuti Tri Endah , Latupeirissa Betty
Published: July 2021

The pseudonymous theory in the authorship of 1 Peter is a threat to the authority of 1 Peter. This article aims to respond to the pseudonymous theory. Although it does not represent the view of the evangelical interpreter as a whole, this article attempts to maintain the authority of 1 Peter as an integral part of the Bible. The author presents internal and external evidences that supports the theory that Peter wrote the letter. The author analyzes the material, the writing’s purposes, literature and outline to show internal evidence. The author also presents the ancient documents which have recorded Peter as the author of 1 Peter. The belief in the authority of 1 Peter is to encourage believers to respect every passage in the Bible as the spiritual mind of God. Thus, believers have a solid foundation in thinking, speaking and acting according to God's Word.
ГЕНЕЗИС РОЗВИТКУ ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ АДМІНІСТРАТИВНО-ЮРИСДИКЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ СЛУЖБИ ДІЛЬНИЧНИХ ОФІЦЕРІВ ПОЛІЦІЇ
Authors: Пінчук Владислав
Published: July 2021

У статті на підставі узагальнення підходів до загальнотеоретичних категорій, що безпосередньо належать до об’єкта дослідження, аналізу нормативно-правових актів, що формують генезис правового регулю- вання дільничних офіцерів поліції, та за допомогою виокремлення із зазначеного в нормативно-правових актах спектра повноважень, конкретних функцій, що формують адміністративно-юрисдикційну діяльність, автором було обґрунтовано низку висновків. Так, автором обґрунтовується позиція про те, що адміністративно-юрисдик- ційною діяльністю Національної поліції України є визначена чинним законодавством процедура розгляду адмі- ністративних правопорушень уповноваженими на це поліцейськими без звернення до суду. Автором на підставі аналізу генезису розвитку правового регулювання адміністративно-юрисдикційної діяльності служби дільничних офіцерів поліції продемонстровано, що адміністративно-юрисдикційні повноваження визначені законодавством України в різних нормативно-правових актах. Встановлено законодавчий акт, який у 2003 році був одним із пер- ших, що визначив конкретне коло повноважень дільничних офіцерів поліції та встановив серед іншого й адміні- стративно-юрисдикційні повноваження дільничних; узагальнено окремі положення проміжних нормативно-пра- вових актів та визначено, в якому вигляді було унормовано повноваження дільничних і поліцейських офіцерів громад в Інструкції з організації діяльності дільничних офіцерів поліції.
ПРАВОВІ АСПЕКТИ ЗАПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ГНУЧКОГО РЕЖИМУ РОБОЧОГО ЧАСУ
Authors: Таможанський Олексій
Published: July 2021

Статтю присвячено аналізу запровадження гнучкого режиму робочого часу з моменту його виник- нення й до сьогодення. Гнучкість правового регулювання трудових відносин означає укладення трудових догово- рів в умовах неповного робочого часу з гнучким режимом роботи, з надомними та дистанційними працівниками та ін. Зроблено висновок, що наразі застосування режиму гнучкого робочого часу має сприяти найбільш ефек- тивній організації виробництва і праці, підвищенню дисципліни і забезпечувати найкраще поєднання економіч- них, соціальних та особистих інтересів працівників з інтересами виробництва. Із працівниками, які працюють за гнучким режимом роботи, не обов’язково укладати письмові трудові договори, позаяк ст. 60 КЗпП України встановлює, що на час загрози поширення епідемії, пандемії та/або на час загрози військового, техногенного, природного чи іншого характеру умову про дистанційну/надомну роботу та гнучкий режим робочого часу можна встановити наказом/розпорядженням роботодавця без письмової форми трудового договору про дистанційну/ надомну роботу.
Inequality Biases Third-Party Evaluation of Decision-Making for Others
Authors: Kuroda Kiri , Saito Yoshimatsu
Published: July 2021

People often need to make risky decisions for others, especially in policymaking, where a single decision can affect the welfare of a number of people. Given that risky decisions can yield variable outcomes and that people often evaluate policies after knowing the outcomes, the same risky policy can be evaluated differently depending on its outcome. Nevertheless, very little is known about how people make third-party evaluations of risky policies. Because people are sensitive to inequality among others, we predicted that the same policy would be evaluated more negatively if it leads to inequality rather than other outcomes. To examine this, we conducted a scenario experiment on risky and sure policies and investigated whether people’s distributive preferences moderated policy evaluation. We show that participants rated the risky policy lower when it yielded unequal situations between the recipients. Interestingly, participants did not evaluate the risky policy higher than the sure policy even when the risky policy yielded more desirable outcomes. In addition, participants who preferred sure distributions as decision makers or recipients showed the inequality aversion, whereas participants who preferred risky distributions showed no such pattern. Our results suggest that policy evaluation may be susceptible to the risks and inequality of outcomes among recipients.
Assessing the Perception of the Current System of Higher Education in India among College Students
Authors: Odyuo Sentsuthung
Published: July 2021

India's higher education system is one of the world's largest in terms of the student population. The Higher Education sector in India has witnessed a tremendous increase in the number of Universities/University level Institutions & College’s post-independence. However, there are issues that are hindering the system to be qualified as a top-notch globally. This paper examines the perception of Higher Education in India among college students with an aim to examine the extent of disparity in the system, to understand the required standard of higher education and to recommend changes that may arise in the process associated for improvement of higher education in India. The study was undertaken with an online survey by collecting data from different researcher scholars and postgraduate students with different specialisation, gender and age groups enrolled in the university. The findings from the study demonstrate the subjective interpretation of higher education from the narrative of the participants.
The ExtremeX global climate model experiment: Investigating thermodynamic and dynamic processes contributing to weather and climate extremes
Authors: Wehrli Kathrin , Luo Fei , Hauser Mathias , Shiogama Hideo , Tokuda Daisuke , Kim Hyungjun , Coumou Dim , May Wilhelm , Le Sager Philippe , Selten Frank , Martius Olivia , Vautard Robert , Seneviratne Sonia I.
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The mechanisms leading to the occurrence of extreme weather and climate events are varied and complex. They generally encompass a combination of dynamical and thermodynamical processes, as well as drivers external to the climate system, such as anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and land-use change. Here we present the ExtremeX multi-model intercomparison experiment, which was designed to investigate the contribution of dynamic and thermodynamic processes to recent weather and climate extremes. The numerical experiments are performed with three Earth System Models: CESM, MIROC, and EC-Earth. They include control experiments with interactive atmosphere and land surface conditions, and experiments where either the atmospheric circulation, soil moisture or both are constrained using observation-based values. The temporal evolution and magnitude of temperature anomalies during heatwaves is well represented in the experiments with constrained atmosphere. However, mean climatological biases in temperature and precipitation are not substantially reduced in any of the constrained experiments, highlighting the importance of error compensations and tuning in the standard model versions. The results further reveal that both atmospheric circulation patterns and soil moisture conditions substantially contribute to the occurrence of heat extremes. Soil moisture effects are particularly important in the tropics, the monsoon areas and the Great Plains of the United States.
Harmonized chronologies of a global late Quaternary pollen dataset (LegacyAge 1.0)
Authors: Li Chenzhi , Postl Alexander K. , Böhmer Thomas , Cao Xianyong , Dolman Andrew M. , Herzschuh Ulrike
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Although numerous pollen records are available worldwide in various databases, their use for synthesis works is limited as the chronologies are, as yet, not harmonized globally, and temporal uncertainties are unknown. We present a chronology framework named LegacyAge 1.0 that includes harmonized chronologies of 2831 palynological records (out of 3471 available records), downloaded from the Neotoma Paleoecology Database (last access: April 2021) and 324 additional Asian records. All chronologies use the Bayesian framework implemented in Bacon version 2.5.3. Optimal parameter settings of priors (accumulation.shape, memory.strength, memory.mean, accumulation.rate, thickness) were identified based on previous experiences or iteratively after preliminary model inspection. The most common control points for the chronologies are radiocarbon dates (86.1 %), calibrated by the latest calibration curves (IntCal20 and SHcal20 for the terrestrial radiocarbon dates in the northern and southern hemispheres; Marine20 for marine materials). The original literature was consulted when dealing with obvious outliers and inconsistencies. Several major challenges when setting up the chronologies included the waterline issue (18.8 % of records), reservoir effect (4.9 %), and sediment deposition discontinuity (4.4 %). Finally, we numerically compare the LegacyAge 1.0 chronologies to the original ones and show that the chronologies of 95.4 % of records could be improved according to our assessment. Our chronology framework and revised chronologies provide the opportunity to make use of the ages and age uncertainties in synthesis studies of, for example, pollen-based vegetation and climate change. The LegacyAge 1.0 dataset and R code used are open-access and available at PANGAEA (https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.933132) and Github (https://github.com/LongtermEcology/LegacyAge-1.0), respectively.
CSDMS: A community platform for numerical modeling of Earth-surface processes
Authors: Tucker Gregory E. , Hutton Eric W. H. , Piper Mark D. , Campforts Benjamin , Gan Tian , Barnhart Katherine R. , Kettner Albert , Overeem Irina , Peckham Scott D. , McCready Lynn , Syvitski Jaia
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Computational modelling occupies a unique niche in Earth and environmental sciences. Models serve not just as scientific technology and infrastructure, but also as digital containers of the scientific community's understanding of the natural world. As this understanding improves, so too must the associated software. This dual nature–models as both infrastructure and hypotheses–means that modelling software must be designed to evolve continually as geoscientific knowledge itself evolves. Here we describe design principles, protocols, and tools developed by the Community Surface Dynamics Modeling System (CSDMS) to promote a flexible, interoperable, and ever-improving research software ecosystem. These include a community repository for model sharing and metadata, interface and ontology standards for model interoperability, language bridging tools, a modular programming library for model construction, modular software components for data access, and a Python-based execution and model-coupling framework. Methods of community support and engagement that help create a community-centered software ecosystem are also discussed.
Unravelling the contribution of potential evaporation formulation to uncertainty under climate change
Authors: Lemaitre-Basset Thibault , Oudin Ludovic , Thirel Guillaume , Collet Lila
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The increasing air temperature in a changing climate will impact actual evaporation and have consequences for water resources management in energy-limited regions. In many hydrological models, evaporation is assessed by a preliminary computation of potential evaporation (PE) representing the evaporative demand of the atmosphere. Therefore, in impact studies the quantification of uncertainties related to PE estimation, which can arise from different sources, is crucial. Indeed, a myriad of PE formulations exist and the uncertainties related to climate variables cascade into PE computation. So far, no consensus has emerged on the main source of uncertainty in the PE modelling chain for hydrological studies. In this study, we address this issue by setting up a multi-model and multi-scenario approach. We used seven different PE formulations and a set of 30 climate projections to calculate changes in PE. To estimate the uncertainties related to each step of the PE calculation process (namely Representative Concentration Pathways, General Circulation Models, Regional Climate Models and PE formulations), an analysis of variance decomposition (ANOVA) was used. Results show that PE would increase across France by the end of the century, from +40 to +130 mm/year. In ascending order, uncertainty contributions by the end of the century are explained by: PE formulations (below 10 %), then RCPs (above 20 %), RCMs (30–40 %) and GCMs (30–40 %). Finally, all PE formulations show similar future trends since climatic variables are co-dependent to temperature. While no PE formulation stands out from the others, in hydrological impact studies the Penman-Monteith formulation may be preferred as it is representative of the PE formulations ensemble mean and allows accounting for climate and environmental drivers co-evolution.
RESEARCH OF THE RATE OF COOLING AND SELECTION OF THE MATERIAL FORM FOR THE MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CAST IRON CASTINGS
Authors: Akramov M.B. , Khaitov A.Sh. , Umurzokov A.R. , Umurzokov R.M.
Published: July 2021

The structure and properties of cast iron castings depends not only on the chemical composition of molten cast iron and the technology of its smelting, but also on many other conditions such as cooling and crystallization of castings, especially on further solidification of castings in casting molds. The article presents the established dependences of the influence of the cooling rate of castings on the mechanical properties of the obtained parts, the investigated microstructures of experimental samples from the selected molding materials and it is established that the thermal conductivity of materials affects the structure of graphite in cast iron castings. Computer models of dependencies and regression equations of the processes are proposed.
Empirical Study of E-Learning on Financial Literacy and Lifestyle: A Millenial Urban Generations Cased Study
Authors: Ferdy Firmansyah Muhamad , Zulian Maulana Haikal
Published: July 2021

Technological developments have an influence on education, one of which is the development of online learning or more commonly known as e-learning. Technological developments in e-learning have long developed but significant developments occurred during the current Covid-19 pandemic where the education sector carried out online learning. This causes the existence of e-learning in both formal and non-formal education to be an important factor in the success of educational attainment. People in this era of globalization still have inconsistent attitudes in financial management individually, this causes the financial literacy of each individual to be different. This   difference in financial literacy is one of the factors caused by different lifestyles. This study aims to see patterns of financial literacy in the development of e-learning where access to financial literacy learning is more developed in online channels. In addition to assumptions in financial literacy that are currently starting to develop online, this study also aims to determine the extent to which lifestyle will affect financial literacy. This study uses primary data and quantitative research methods approach using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The results show that in e-learning, financial literacy is currently running and lifestyle has a significant effect on financial literacy. One of these lifestyle changes is the existence of E-Learning which shifts the lifestyle pattern of face-to-face learning to online learning. This can provide novelty in educational technology in the application of E-learning, especially in the case of financial literacy. In addition, e-learning can still support the achievement of education in financial literacy. Repair and improvement of e-learning facilities as the main learning media must be carried out. It is hoped that with this research, e-learning can be used in financial literacy learning, both through formal and non-formal education in the community and public web seminars during the Covid-19 pandemic.
ЭФФЕКТИВНЫЕ МЕРОПРИЯТИЯ ПО ЗАЩИТЕ ОТ СНЕЖНЫХ ЗАНОСОВ АВТОМОБИЛЬНЫХ ДОРОГ КАЗАХСТАНА
Authors: Жуандык Айзат , Бондарь Иван , Алдекеева Динара
Published: July 2021

В данной статье рассмотрено районирование территории Казахстана по условиям снегозаносимости. Приведены средства снегозащиты. Снегоборьба на транспортных магистралях производится механизированной уборкой выпавшего и уже отложившегося снега, его удержанием в лесополосе (полосе отвода) около трассы. Даны определения снегозадерживающим и снегопоглощающим лесонасаждениям. В Казахстане лесополосы вдоль автомобильных дорог высаживают из лиственных, реже хвойных пород деревьев и кустарников для защиты их от снежных. Кроме защиты дорог от снега, лесозащитные сооружения защищают от песчаных заносов и ветра. Несут эстетическую нагрузку, способствует развитию флоры и фауны. Могут быть разнообразны по сортам деревьев и кустарников.
Water quality assessments of the river Gorveshwari in Dinajpur, Bangladesh
Authors: FERDOUSHI ZANNATUL , AZAD MD ABUL KALAM , RAHMAN MD. SHAMIM , AKTER MST NAHID
Published: July 2021

A study was carried out to assess planktonic community with some physico-chemical parameters of the Gorveshwari river in Dinajpur district of Bangladesh. Fortnight water samplings were performed at four sites. Findings revealed that water temperature, water level and transparency were within the optimal ranges- 14.33-31.23°C, 1.38-3.97 m and 43.32- 88.67cm respectively. The values of dissolved oxygen, pH, total alkalinity and total dissolved solids were found to vary 7.16 -9.32 ppm, 6.37-8.93, 28.07- 39.56 ppm and 59.87-133.74 ppm in the four sampling sites respectively. From plankton analysis, 36 genera of plankton were identified of which 27 genera were phytoplankton groups and 9 genera were zooplankton. Among them, Chlorophyceae ranked the first position with highest abundance 3.11±0.12×103cells/L. Euglenophyceae was recorded as the minor group of phytoplankton both in number and density. On the other hand, abundance of Rotifera was found to be higher in number (0.95±0.04×103cells/L), while, Crustacean larvae was noticed as scarcer group throughout the study period. Moreover, from correlation analysis it was observed that the abundance of total phytoplankton and total plankton were negatively correlated with water temperature and transparency where positively correlated with water level, pH, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids and total alkalinity. This study concludes that the fish production suitability of Gorveshwari river is within productive range though some anthropogenic activities affecting the aquatic biodiversity were also observed throughout the sampling period.