bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring concentration-dependent transport properties on an unsteady Riga plate by incorporating thermal radiation with activation energy and gyrotactic microorganisms
Authors: Ali Naim Ben , Mahmood Zafar , Rafique Khadija , Khan Umar , Adnan  , Muhammad Taseer , Kolsi Lioua
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study is to examine the entropy generation (EG) associated with the transfer of mass and heat in a concentration-dependent fluid with thermal radiation and activation energy, specifically in the context of an unsteady Riga Plate with gyrotactic microorganism. It is important to solve the ordinary differential equations generated from the controlling partial differential equations using Lie symmetry scaling to verify their quality and reliability. The system’s anticipated physical behavior is compared to Mathematica’s Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg numerical solution. Source parameters are essential for validation since they offer accurate results. Methodically change these values as a percentage to determine how they affect the unsteady fluid’s density, mass, and heat transfer over the Riga plate. Velocity, temperature, nanoparticle concentration and microorganism concentration profiles decrease with varying values of the unsteadiness parameter. EG increases with increasing values of concentration difference, thermal radiation, and Reynold number parameters. The Nusselt number experiences a 26.11% rise as a result of radiation when the unsteadiness parameter is

A
=
−
0.25

A=-0.25

, in comparison with the scenario without radiation. Mass transfer upsurges with increasing values of the Brownian motion parameter and reduces with increasing values of thermophoresis parameter. To verify our conclusions, we compare calculated data, specifically the skin friction factor, to theoretical predictions. Tabular and graphical data can show how physical limits affect flow characteristics.
The Use of Islamic Legal Discourse in Literature: How Did Premodern Arab Critics Classify and Analyze Legal Intertextuality?
Authors: Rizzo Luca
Published: November 2024

This essay investigates the use of Islamic legal discourse in literary works and the characteristics that this type of intertextuality develops in premodern Arabic literature. Starting with the theoretical classification of legal intertextuality found in works of rhetoric and literary criticism, I analyze ten poetic examples in order to shed light on how legal intertextuality is used by poets to both develop the argumentation within a text and achieve aesthetic goals. Specifically, I analyze two figures of speech that are used to create this intertextuality: Iqtibās, the definition of which is extended to the quotation of or allusion to legal terms, ideas, concepts, and tenets in literature, and tawriya/tawǧīh

2
, which is used to explain how citing technical legal terms conveys twofold meanings. The result is an investigation that looks at both theory and practice and attempts to reclassify legal intertextuality based on the empirical data found in the sources.
Medieval Rabbinic Literature Seen in a New Light: The Sources of Yalkut Shimoni on the Book of the Twelve Prophets
Authors: Marx Farina
Published: November 2024

The Yalkut Shimoni compiles important annotations from rabbinic literature to each book of the Hebrew Bible. The voluminous commentary cites more than 50 traditional rabbinic texts including sources which have been lost. Most academic research on the Yalkut Shimoni has focused on reconstructing these lost sources such as Midrash Yelamdenu, other research issues about Yalkut Shimoni have been neglected. This paper will focus on the Yalkut Shimoni on the Book of the Twelve Prophets. The author of the Yalkut Shimoni was not able to rely on consecutively commentaries on the Twelve Prophets such as for example the commentaries on the book of Numbers. This paper will therefore focus on the question of compilation techniques. Consequently, the author had to use pieces of commentaries on the Torah or other biblical books where Minor Prophets are cited used these to compile them to a new commentary. Furthermore, he puts these fragments together without naming the sources or introducing them to the text. This paper will show how the author combines the Palestinian and the Babylonian tradition. The author uses different techniques to cut and inweave different commentaries. Furthermore, the focus lays on the ongoing discussion whether the Yalkut Shimoni can be seen as a compilation at all. If this important work can be proofed to be no compilation, it has severe consequences especially for the reconstruction of lost sources quoted inside the Yalkut Shimoni.
Review on peak detect and hold circuits and their applicability in partial discharge detection
Authors: Fritsch Martin , Andres Christoph , Wolter Martin
Published: November 2024

This article reviews various designs of electrical peak detect and hold circuits and tests their applicability for the detection of partial discharge pulses. Since partial discharges are very short pulses in the nanosecond range, the peak detector circuit must be very fast and thus work precisely over a wide bandwidth up to the GHz range. The article begins with a comprehensive literature review and gives an overview of the state of the art of peak detector circuits. As a result of the literature research, four different peak detector designs are identified that appear suitable for measuring partial discharges. These four circuits are then simulatively tested for their performance in measuring the pulse height of various partial discharge pulses. It turns out that two of the identified circuits are able to measure nanosecond pulses of small amplitude. These two circuits must be further optimized for partial discharge detection in the future. In addition, the circuit should be tested prototypically with real partial discharge pulses.
Unlocking the therapeutic potential and personalized therapy of testosterone: a comprehensive review
Authors: Reddy Aditya V. , Kesavan Ramasamy , Priyadharsini Rajendran , Deva Reka
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Testosterone, the primary male sex hormone, orchestrates various physiological processes including sex differentiation, development of male characteristics, sperm production, and fertility. Its synthesis primarily occurs in Leydig cells within the testes, with smaller contributions from the ovaries and adrenal glands, all derived from cholesterol. Current therapeutic use of testosterone is mainly confined to treating hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, with limited off-label usage for augmenting muscle growth.

Content

This review delves into numerous studies investigating testosterone’s therapeutic potential across various medical conditions as depicted in the figure given below.

Of all the studies in this review, which show a positive therapeutic result by using testosterone, the most promising areas of potential usage of testosterone are anxiety and diabetes mellitus, followed by obesity and depression.

Outlook

By the medium if this study, we want to not only enlist the various potential therapeutic uses of testosterone, but also promote a optimal hormonal balance, which can lead to prevention and/or better treatment outcomes for the mentioned diseases.
Partial colexifications reveal directional tendencies in object naming
Authors: Tjuka Annika , List Johann-Mattis
Published: November 2024

Expressions in which the word for a body part is also used for objects can be found in many languages. Some languages use body part terms to refer to object parts, while others have only a few idiosyncratic examples in their vocabulary. Studying the word forms referring to body and object concepts, i.e., colexifications, across languages, offers insights into cognitive principles facilitating such usage. Previous studies focused on full colexifications in which the same word form expresses two distinct concepts. Here, we utilize a new approach that allows us to analyze partial colexifications in which a concept is built out of the word forms for two separate concepts, like river mouth. Based on a large lexical database, we identified body and object concepts and analyzed 39 colexifications across 329 languages. The results show that word forms for body concepts are used slightly more frequently as a source for object names. However, the detailed examination of directional tendencies and colexifications of word forms between body and object concepts reveals linguistic variation. The study sheds light on meaning extensions between two concrete domains and showcases the synergies that arise through the combination of existing data and methods.
Cross- and multimodal anaphoric references in mystery movies: A cognitive perspective
Authors: Bonifazi Anna , Ioannidou Pinelopi
Published: November 2024

The article presents findings from both quantitative and qualitative research regarding the resolution of cross- and multi-modal anaphoric references to objects in two Sherlock Holmes movies directed by Guy Ritchie. The goal is to illustrate how words referring to objects are linked to images depicting the objects as well as sounds produced by the objects to constitute coreferential chains with respect to the viewers’ perception. The theoretical assumptions draw concepts primarily from cognitive linguistics (such as mental spaces, compression, frame-metonymic relations), with additional notions adopted from (verbal) semantics, pragmatics, visual semantics, and film studies. A cognitive account of regular and associative cross- and multimodal anaphora is suggested, along with a model for the representation of cross- and multi-modal coreferential chains for future manual and automated annotation tools. Overall, the work emphasizes the importance of considering both verbal and nonverbal cues in understanding anaphoric references in cinematic contexts by highlighting the cognitive processes involved while viewers integrate information from different modes.
Notes on the acquisition of L2 English intervention structures: a case of Japanese EFL learners
Authors: Fujimori Atsushi , Nakayama Mineharu , Yoshimura Noriko
Published: November 2024

This paper discusses Japanese-speaking EFL learners’ acquisition of English object relative clauses (ORC), which have intervention (Relativized Minimality) structures. Specifically, we contrast their early understanding of the ORC and the Subject Control constructions with their late understanding of the Subject Raising (seem) construction that exhibits a structural effect of locality on the filler-gap relation. We argue that relativization and the Control structure in Japanese induce hierarchical structures on par with those in English. Therefore, the learners have acquired a way of avoiding intervention during the process of acquiring the ORC and the Control structures in Japanese. L1 grammatical knowledge helps nullify the intervention effect in acquiring the constructions in L2 English. On the other hand, it takes time for them to overcome the effect by learning the seem raising structure with a specific strategy because Japanese does not have a construction similar to it. L1 Japanese critically influences the acquisition of L2 English with respect to the intervention configurations.
Aging-Related Information Needs and Barriers Experienced by LGBT+ Older Adults
Authors: Winberry Joseph
Published: November 2024

Society is experiencing a global shift in which older people now outnumber children five years and younger in many countries. This demographic aging has profound implications for library and information professionals, and yet research into the information needs of older adults – especially from diverse backgrounds – remains underdeveloped. This study seeks to help address this gap by studying the aging-related information needs and barriers of LGBT+ older adults. Interviews with 25 LGBT+ older adults in East Tennessee were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify five need (e.g., culturally competent care, LGBT+ specific services, social support, planning, and caregiver services) and seven barrier (e.g., stigma, discrimination, fewer personal resources, identity concealment, staff limitations, personality, ageism and elder abuse) themes. Beyond the aging focus, the study brings attention to the need for more research on intersectional populations in general and offers one of the first – perhaps only – studies of the information needs of LGBT+ older adults. It also presents a challenge to librarians and other information professionals in considering how to fight inequities for intersectional populations. Future research will consider how to meet needs and address the barriers LGBT+ older adults face.
Diffusion kinetics of borided of low entropy soft magnetic FeCo alloy
Authors: Mertgenç Ersan
Published: November 2024

The growth kinetics of boride layers were investigated by boronizing the FeCo low entropy alloy produced by arc melting reverse vacuum system with the pack boriding method at temperatures of 1173 K, 1223 K, 1273 K and for 2, 4, 6 h. FeCo alloy has a single-phase FCC crystal structure and there are linear cracks and homogeneously distributed point voids in its microstructure. The hardness of FeCo alloy is between 170 HV0.05 and 265 HV0.05. The boride layer appearance has a sawtooth appearance, and the layer thickness varies between 62 µm and 172 µm depending on temperature and time. According to the XRD pattern, (CoFe)B and (CoFe)B2 triple phases are present on the boride layer surface. With pack boriding, the hardness of the boride layer increased up to 2262 HV0.05, and the surface hardness of the alloy improved by 8–10 times. The boride layer activation energy of the FeCo alloy boronized with pack boriding was calculated as 89.065 kJ mol−1.
Influence of stitching on the interlaminar fracture toughness energy – modes I and II – of unidirectional GFRP
Authors: Backens Simon , Schmidt Stefan , Flügge Wilko
Published: November 2024

The influence of stitching on the delamination resistance of unidirectional glass fiber-reinforced plastic laminates depends strongly on the loading mode. The application of a lock stitch with a stitch density of 3.4 cm−1 perpendicular to the fibers results in an increase of the interlaminar fracture toughness energy, mode I, G
IC by a factor of 2.7 compared to an unstitched reference laminate. The Kevlar threads are pulled out of one half of the DCB specimen leaving large frayed fiber bundles sticking out of the other half. The same stitching, however, does not improve the interlaminar fracture toughness energy, mode II, G
IIC. The Kevlar threads are not able to deform the surrounding matrix thereby expending additional energy. They fail directly at the mid-plane of the ENF specimens. An increased stitch density of 11.6 cm−1 can be expected to lead to a further significant increase in the G
IC value. But the tight stitching pattern causes the bonded metal hinges to tear off. The force introduction would have to be changed to enable testing of corresponding DCB and subsequently ENF specimens.
Individuals, Existence, and Existential Commitment in Visual Reasoning
Authors: Lemanski Jens
Published: November 2024

This article examines the evolution of the concept of existence in modern visual representation and reasoning, highlighting important milestones. In the late eighteenth century, during the so-called golden age of visual reasoning, nominalism reigned supreme and there was limited scope for existential import or individuals in logic diagrams. By the late nineteenth century, a form of realism had taken hold, whose existential commitments continue to dominate many areas in logic and visual reasoning to this day. Physical, metaphysical, epistemological, and linguistic positions underlie both nominalist and realist views. Since the paradigmatic works on visual reasoning in the 1990s, formal diagram systems have been developed that revive either the nominalist or realist perspectives. Unlike in the nineteenth century, these are not motivated by philosophical views. Nevertheless, they may still have an impact on many areas of philosophy and science outside logic.
Performance evaluation of a scramjet engine utilizing varied cavity aft wall divergence with parallel injection in a reacting flow field
Authors: Maheswaran Nagarathinam , Jeyakumar Suppandipillai , Jayaraman Kandasamy , Karaca Mehmet
Published: November 2024

The effect of implications of the dual cavity with aft wall divergence in a parallel injection reacting flow has been numerically investigated. This research intends to emphasize the behaviour of the supersonic flow under varying divergence angles of the cavity aft wall. A two-dimensional Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equation and an SST k-ω turbulence model with a single-step chemical reaction for hydrogen-air are utilized for the simulation. Followed by the strut injector, the cavities are positioned symmetrically inside the combustor. The bottom cavity aft wall divergence varies, whereas the top wall is mounted with a rectangular cavity. The performance of cavity locations is compared with the baseline DLR model. From the evaluation of numerical outcomes along with different cavity configurations, it has been noted that the 15-degree cavity divergence angle enhances the recirculation zone which leads to improved mixing performance. Also, the cavity improves the combustion stability by increasing the flow residence time. From this numerical analysis, it is associated that an almost 20 % reduction in combustor length is achieved, however, an 18 % rise in the pressure loss is noted because of emanating shock waves from the cavity edges.
Recent Progress in the Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Selenium Nanoparticles
Authors: Ibrahim Sajeda Samreen Sayyed , Ansari Yunus N. , Puri Abhijeet V. , Patil Vikas V. , Gaikwad Sharad S. , Haroon R. Ansari
Published: November 2024

Selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) have attracted researchers’ attention because of their unique attributes and potential for application in diverse areas, such as biological medicine, environmental remediation, and energy generation. This review summarizes recent progress in the green synthesis and characterization of Se-NPs. It elaborates on the fabrication of Se-NPs through chemical, biological, and physical techniques, including advantages and challenges. Moreover, techniques for evaluating the chemical and physical characteristics of NPs are described. The promising applications of Se-NPs are emphasized, including antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial applications, and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Because of their exceptional properties and biocompatibility, Se-NPs are used in diverse industries. Recently, plant-extract synthesized Se-NPs have become increasingly used because of their benefits over chemically synthesized Se-NPs, including lower cost and greater environmental friendliness.
Spinal Cord DNMT1 Contributes to Diabetic Neuropathic Pain Mediated by miR-152-3p Downregulation
Authors: Ding Xiaobao , Li Jingjing , Lin Yuwen , Hu Wenli , Zhou Mengyuan , Li Xinyu , Wu Yuqing , Zhou Chenghua
Published: November 2024

Diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) is a common complication of diabetes, yet there are no safe and effective therapeutic options. Emerging evidence has indicated that DNA methylation mediated by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) is associated with neuropathic pain. However, how DNMTs respond to DNP and the underlying mechanism has not been established. In this study a DNP model was created and DNMT1, but not DNMT3a or DNMT3b, was shown to be upregulated in the spinal cords of mice with DNP. Moreover, DNMT1 was predominantly expressed in spinal cord neurons. Knockdown of DNMT1 in neurons improved nociceptive hypersensitivity in mice with DNP. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis and real-time quantitative PCR results suggested that downregulated miR-152-3p in the spinal cord of mice with DNP may be an upstream DNMT1 molecule. Overexpression of miR-152-3p reduced DNMT1 expression in the spinal cord and alleviated nociceptive hypersensitivity in mice with DNP. Knockdown of miR-152-3p caused an increase in DNMT1 expression in the spinal cord and induced nociceptive hypersensitivity in naive mice. Moreover, knockdown of DNMT1 reversed miR-152-3p knockdown-induced nociceptive hypersensitivity in naive mice. These results suggest that downregulation of miR-152-3p in the spinal cord is involved in the development of DNP by upregulating DNMT1. These data demonstrate a new mechanism underlying the development of DNP and provide a new therapeutic target for DNP.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ АЗИАТСКОЙ РОССИИ
Authors: В.М. ГИЛЬМУНДИНОВ , Т.О. ТАГАЕВА
Published: November 2024

Дана оценка текущего состояния экологической сферы азиатской части России с позиций ее соответствия принципам и условиям зеленой экономики. Для анализа были использованы статистические данные Росстата, информация ежегодных государственных докладов «О состоянии и об охране окружающей среды РФ». Показано, что, несмотря на статистическое снижение объемов ежегодных выбросов загрязняющих атмосферу веществ и загрязненных сточных вод, наблюдается рост концентраций отдельных видов загрязнений. Особенно тревожная ситуация сложилась в сфере обращения с отходами: за десять лет (к 2019 г.) ежегодный объем их образования вырос более чем в два раза. Удельные (на человека) объемы атмосферных выбросов, сброса загрязненных сточных вод и образования отходов превышают среднероссийский уровень в 2,31, 1,04 и 4,19 раза соответственно. Отмечается более сильное воздействие выбросов парниковых газов на потепление климата, чем в целом по России, например в Якутии зафиксировано максимальное потепление в мире за последние 60 лет. Наиболее сильное негативное влияние неблагоприятных экологических факторов на здоровье населения ощущается в Красноярском крае, Иркутской и Кемеровской областях. Сделан вывод о том, что сложившаяся ситуация в Азиатской России противоречит принципам устойчивого развития. Отмечена необходимость перестройки институциональных механизмов регулирования природоохранной деятельности в целях повышения устойчивости развития азиатской части России.

This article assesses the current state of the environmental sphere of the Asian part of Russia from the standpoint of its compliance with these principles and conditions of the formation of a “green” economy. Statistical data of Rosstat, and information from annual State reports “On the state and environmental protection of the Russian Federation” were used in the analysis. It is shown that in spite of the statistical decrease in the volume of annual emissions of air pollutants and polluted wastewater, there is an increase in the concentrations of some types of pollutants. The situation is particularly alarming with waste management: over ten years (before 2019) the annual volume of their generation increased by more than a factor of 2. Specific (per capita) volumes of atmospheric emissions, discharge of polluted wastewater and waste generation exceed the average Russian level by factors of 2.31, 1.04 and 4.19, respectively. There occurs a more intense influence of greenhouse gas emissions on climate warming than in Russia as a whole. For example, Yakutia has the greatest climate warming in the world over the past 60 years. The strongest negative impact of adverse environmental factors on the health of the population is observed in Krasnoyarsk krai and in Irkutsk and Kemerovo oblasts. It is concluded that the current situation in Asian Russia contradicts the principles of sustainable development. The article notes the need to restructure institutional mechanisms for regulating environmental activities in order to increase the sustainability of the development of the Asian part of Russia.
Analysis of the competitive activity of young athletes at the 38th children's tournament «Wanpaku Sumo»
Authors:   Kharkiv State Academy of Physical Culture, Ukraine, Holokha Valerii
Published: November 2024

Purpose: to analyze the competitive activity of young athletes at the 38th «Wanpaku Sumo» Children's Tournament. Material and methods. The following methods were used in the study: analysis of scientific and methodological information and Internet sources; generalization of best practices; analysis of protocols and video recordings of matches. A total of 293 fights were analyzed (92 fights among fourth graders, 94 among fifth graders, 107 among sixth graders). For the analysis, a specialized computer program «Martial Arts Video Analysis» was used. Results: the analysis of competitive activity allowed us to identify the groups of techniques most often used by athletes during competitions. The most frequently used techniques of the group kihon waza (57,65 %). Athletes of all age groups actively used the basic technique (4th grade – 57,60%, 5th grade – 57,44 %, 6th grade – 57,94 %). The most common techniques in all age categories were yorikiri and oshidashi. Actions that occurred during the competition and belong to the hiwaza group and are not kimarite indicate that young athletes do not yet have perfect control over their bodies and can lose balance even without the intervention of an opponent. The analysis of technical actions allowed us to observe the progress of technique by grade. Thus, in the fifth grade, more complex techniques (harimanage and chongake) appear. This indicates that children are gradually mastering more complex techniques that require better coordination and tactical thinking. In the upper grades, the use of complex techniques such as tsukiotoshi and sotogake is observed. This indicates that participants are becoming physically stronger and more coordinated, which indicates a gradual mastery of more complex techniques. Conclusions. The analysis of the competition during the 38th «Wampaku Sumo» Tournament revealed some characteristic features. First, the competitions were highly intense. The yorikiri technique is the most effective, so it is very popular among young athletes. Although yorikiri dominates, the presence of other techniques such as koshinage and makiotoshi shows that participants have a diverse arsenal of techniques. In high school, participants begin to demonstrate better physical fitness, which helps them to use more complex techniques and endure bouts longer. Psychological pressure also plays a role, as participants are forced to make quick decisions and choose techniques that are most effective under pressure.
Model of competitive activity activity of a high-skill link player in volleyball
Authors:   Vinnytsia State Pedagogical University named after Mykhailo Kotsiubynsky, Ukraine, Vozniuk Tetiana , Ostapyuk Dmytro ,   Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, Ukraine
Published: November 2024

Increasing the competitive performance of Ukrainian volleyball players requires scientific support of the educational and training process and the use of modern methods of scientific research, one of which is modeling. Indicators of technical and tactical actions obtained by analyzing official competitions are the basis for creating models of competitive activity. The aim of the study is to develop a model of a high-skill link player on the basis of statistical data from the games of the Ukrainian Volleyball Championship among men's teams of the Super League. Material and Methods. The data of 18 qualified volleyball players who perform the function of a linking player in their teams were used for the study. We analyzed statistical data of link players of 8 teams participating in the Ukrainian Super League championship of the season 2023-24. To create a model of a linking player of Ukrainian Super League teams, 10 athletes were selected from the total sample, the main criterion was quantitative indicators of participation in the championship games (at least 80% of official matches). Research methods: analysis of literary sources and data in the Internet, pedagogical testing, analysis and generalization of statistical data of competitive activity, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. The analysis of game technical and tactical indicators of qualified volleyball players allows to understand more clearly the peculiarities of competitive activity of players of different roles. In accordance with the purpose of the study we analyzed the game activity indicators of linking players (number of matches and sets, total number of assists, effective assists, satisfactory assists, number of errors). It should be noted that all game indicators indicated the heterogeneity of the group of highly skilled binders, which is explained by different experience, players' participation in matches, and the variety of tactical actions of the teams. Conclusions. The developed model of competitive activity of highly skilled liaisons contains general data (height, age), indicators of physical abilities (height of block and attack), technical and tactical indicators (execution of passes, number of errors). In addition to the average data, the model presents a variation series from the lowest to the highest results.
Sensomotor response of representatives of game sports at different motor response to stimuli
Authors:   Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University of Cherkasy, Ukraine, Frolova Lyudmila , Kalenichenko Oleksiу ,   Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University of Cherkasy, Ukraine, Halyamov Mykola ,   Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University of Cherkasy, Ukraine, Haydamaka Eduard ,   Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University of Cherkasy, Ukraine, Sikalo Yelyzaveta ,   Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University of Cherkasy, Ukraine
Published: November 2024

Smoothing or emphasizing on laterality of movements in athletes depends on the specifics of the sport and determining perceptual-motor abilities. Individual motor features. Their consideration in the process of sports training is impossible without knowledge of the presence and degree of manifestation of motor asymmetry, which will affect the sports result. Objective: to establish the peculiarities of sensorimotor response of athletes of game sports in comparison with representatives of cyclic sports and martial arts at different motor response to stimuli. Material and methods: student-athletes of game, cyclic sports and martial arts at the age of 18-23 years were studied. The study was conducted according to the diagnostic training method ReactionX: sensorimotor response to audiosensory stimuli of Standard and Sequence programs in Close and Far distance conditions. Results: data of sensorimotor reaction of representatives of game, cyclic sports and martial arts in different conditions of stimuli presentation and motor response were obtained. Separate comparisons of indicators of sensorimotor component of readiness by reaction speed and perceptual-cognitive component by the number of processed signals of representatives of game sports with other groups of athletes were made. The statistical reliability of comparison of the studied parameters is shown and the value of the difference of indicators is presented. Conclusions: the peculiarities of the sensorimotor response of representatives of game sports consisted in a higher speed of response and a greater number of perceived and processed signals at a remote response with the right (dominant) hand in the program of random stimulus presentation. In contrast, the peculiarity of sensorimotor reaction of representatives of cyclic sports and martial arts was the highest number of perceived and processed signals at a remote response with the right hand in the program with a sequential order of presentation of signals. Perceptual-motor symmetry was found in athletes, regardless of specialization, when responding to the sequential order of appearance of signals as opposed to their arbitrary presentation.
"The Pichichi Trophy" in the Spanish "La Liga" and its winners
Authors:   Ivan Boberskyi Lviv State University of Physical Culture, Ukraine, Nakonechnyi Roman , Kharchenko-Baranetska Lyudmila ,   Black Sea National University named after Peter Mohyla, Ukraine, Malanyuk Lubomyr ,   Vasyl Stefanyk Prykarpattia National University, Ukraine, Tretyak Dmytro ,   Ukrainian Academy of Sciences Fr Ivan Lutskiy, Ukraine
Published: November 2024

One of the most weighty and popular playing roles in football is the striker. The main indicator that determines the level of a player in this position is the ratio of the number of goals scored by him in the opponent's goal for a certain period of time or matches. Purpose: On the basis of theoretical analysis, to establish the winners of the best scorer award of the Spanish Football Championship - "Trophy of Pichichi". Methods: analysis, synthesis and comparison. Results of the study. From 1953 to 2024, the "Pichichi Trophy" (the award to the top scorer of the Spanish "La Liga") was awarded to 41 footballers, representing 18 clubs, from 17 countries. Among them, including: 16 representatives from Spain, seven from Brazil, three from Argentina, two each from Uruguay and the Netherlands. A number of countries such as France, Mexico, Italy, Portugal, Ukraine have one representative each. In turn, the most representatives who have ever won this title have in their club: SC "Real Madrid" - 12 players, SC "Barcelona" - 10 players, 7 - in SC "Atletico Madrid", in SC "Valencia" " and SC "Athletic" Bilbao - 3 such athletes each. A number of clubs have two and one Pichichi Award winners each. Conclusions. Given the history, prestige and high level of competition of the Spanish adult soccer championship "La Liga", to get the "Pichichi Trophy", which is awarded to the best striker of the draw, is an extremely difficult task. For more than 70 years of history of this award only a few dozen players from less than two dozen Spanish soccer clubs were able to win the title of the best striker of the Spanish championship. This fact confirms the scale, popularity and aspiration of the best strikers in the world to win the "Pichichi Trophy".
FEATURES OF THE RB1 GENE EXPRESSION IN BRAIN TUMORS
Authors:   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NASU, Kalman S. , Sushnovа A. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NASU, Kovalevska L. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NASU, Malysheva O. ,   The State Institution A.P. Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute of NAMSU, Kyiv, Ukraine, Malysheva T. ,   The State Institution A.P. Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute of NAMSU, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kashuba E. ,   R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NASU
Published: November 2024

Summary. Aim: to determine the features of the RB1 gene expression at mRNA and protein levels in malignant cells of brain neoplasms, as well as to reveal the relationship between the RB1 expression levels and the degree of tumor malignancy. Object and methods: Samples of surgical material of 27 patients with brain tumors G2–G4. RB1 gene expression levels were assessed by q-PCR, and the RB protein by immunohistochemistry. The RB1 gene expression pattern in brain tumors was also performed using bioinformatic analysis of the Oncomine and Protein Atlas databases. Statistical analysis was performed using the GraphPadPrism9 program. Results: we have found that the expression patterns of the RB1 gene at the mRNA and protein levels in brain tumors are mainly unidirectional. The RB1 expression pattern showed high heterogeneity in samples of astrocytoma NOS (Not Otherwise Specified): pilocytic G2, diffuse astrocytoma G2–G3, glioblastoma G4, and atypical meningioma (mixed variant) G2, where from 20 to 60% of tumors were positive, while in all embryonic tumors of CNS NOS — pineoblastoma G4 and medulloblastoma G4, RB1 gene expression was detected at the mRNA and protein levels. Conclusions: the molecular mechanisms underlying the inactivation of the RB-E2F pathway require further fundamental research to find the causes of brain tumors and markers for improved personalized diagnosis and prognosis of the course of disease.
Pediatric Hospital Utilization During Medical Stabilization for Patients With Eating Disorders
Authors: Milliren Carly E. , Crowley McGreggor , Zhang Rebecca S. , Bern Elana M. , Richmond Tracy K.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

Few studies have examined pediatric hospital utilization across the spectrum of eating disorder (ED) diagnoses among hospitalized patients. We describe sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, hospital utilization, and enteral tube feeding and examine factors associated with hospital utilization among patients with EDs.

METHODS

Using data from the Pediatric Health Information System, we included patients aged 4 to 20 years with primary ED diagnoses hospitalized from 2018 to 2022. We examined sociodemographic factors, length of stay, costs, and enteral tube feeding by ED diagnosis. Adjusted regression models compared hospital utilization by diagnosis, adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical factors.

RESULTS

Among N = 10 279 hospitalizations from 49 hospitals, anorexia nervosa (AN) was most common (70.9%), followed by avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) (15.6%). Mean age was 15.1 years (SD = 2.5), and most were female (86.6%), of white non-Hispanic race (70.9%), with private insurance (70.1%), with 63.9% occurring after the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic onset. Median (interquartile range) length of stay was 8.0 days (7.0), and hospital costs were $18 099 ($15 592). A total of 18.8% received enteral tube feeding, with significant hospital variation. In adjusted models, compared with AN, ARFID, binge disorders, and unspecified feeding and ED had shorter stays, whereas hospital costs were lower for binge disorders, and enteral feeding was more likely for ARFID.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings indicate long and costly hospitalizations, especially for AN, with implications for hospital and treatment capacity, highlighting the need for earlier diagnosis and treatment to prevent the need for hospitalization.
A Rare Presentation of Acute Suppurative Thyroiditis
Authors: Blumer Alexandra D. , Bloom David A. , Ehrmann Jodi S.
Published: November 2024

A previously healthy 17-year-old female patient initially presented with symptoms of anterior neck pain. After multiple emergency department visits, she was found to have unilateral enlargement of her thyroid gland. Laboratory studies were consistent with hyperthyroidism. Symptoms were initially attributed to subacute thyroiditis, and she was discharged with steroids and propranolol. She presented again 1 week later with complaints of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and shortness of breath. She was readmitted and developed sepsis with multiorgan system infection and Lemierre syndrome. Further imaging revealed acute suppurative thyroiditis as the likely source. Direct laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy revealed ulceration of the anterior esophageal wall, a fistulous tract to the thyroid, and copious purulent drainage. Esophageal biopsies with immunostaining established a diagnosis of herpes simplex virus esophagitis as the likely cause of esophageal perforation, fistula development, and acute suppurative thyroiditis.
Trends in Toddler Diet Quality in the United States: 1999 to 2018
Authors: Zimmer Meghan , Lee Matthew , Zhan Jiada James , Kenney Erica L. , Leung Cindy W.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Diet quality has improved over time for US adults and youth aged ≥2 years. Trends over time and disparities in the diet quality of toddlers 12 through 23 months old have not been documented. Our objective was to investigate the direction and magnitude of toddler diet quality trends from 1999 to 2018 overall and by household socioeconomic status.

METHODS

This serial cross-sectional analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data was performed with 2541 toddlers from 10 NHANES cycles from 1999 to 2018. Dietary intake was measured by NHANES study staff using proxy-reported 24-hour recalls. Healthy Eating Index-Toddlers-2020 total scores (0–100 points, higher scores indicate healthier diets) and component scores were calculated from the 24-hour dietary recalls using the population ratio method. Multivariable linear regression was used to evaluate the association between time in years (measured as the midpoint of each NHANES cycle) and diet quality.

RESULTS

Toddler diet quality improved significantly from 1999 to 2018 (P < .001), from 63.7 points on average in 1999-2000 to 67.7 points in 2017-2018. A significant positive linear trend in total diet quality was observed for all socioeconomic status groups (P < .05). Several dietary component scores improved, as follows: Whole Fruits (P < .001), Whole Grains (P = .016), Fatty Acids (P = .002), Refined Grains (P = .009), and Added Sugars (P < .001). Scores did not significantly change for Total Fruit, Total Vegetables, Greens and Beans, Dairy, Total Protein Foods, Seafood and Plant Proteins, Sodium, or Saturated Fats.

CONCLUSIONS

From 1999 to 2018, toddler diet quality improved significantly, but mean scores still fell short of dietary guidance.
Entre la producción de recursos forestales no maderables y la migración interna: distintas respuestas al proceso de neoliberalización en dos localidades indígenas del istmo veracruzano
Authors: Velázquez Hernández Emilia
Published: November 2024

El planteamiento central en este artículo es que la reestructuración de espacios agrícolas y rurales en el contexto neoliberal es un proceso variado, dinámico y multidimensional, que puede adquirir características muy distintas aun dentro de una misma región y en localidades vecinas. Se analizan las diversas formas en que a lo largo de tres décadas las políticas neoliberales han transformado los modos de vida de dos localidades indígenas contiguas, ubicadas al sur del estado de Veracruz (México). Se enfatiza la importancia que las acciones derivadas de instituciones locales y extra locales tienen al momento de afrontar tales políticas. En una de las localidades de estudio, su incorporación a un área natural protegida (ANP), más la persistencia de una modalidad de acceso comunal a las tierras ejidales que prevaleció hasta el inicio del proceso de titulación parcelaria promovido por la Ley Agraria de 1992, permitió a sus productores transitar de la recolección al cultivo de palma camedor para hacer frente a la desregulación del mercado del café. En la otra localidad, situada en la misma región, pero dedicada principalmente a la ganadería bovina a pequeña escala, su única opción para enfrentar la falta de créditos a la ganadería campesina y al cultivo del maíz, ha sido la migración interna para insertarse en los mercados laborales de la industria maquiladora para exportación en la frontera norte del país y los campos de agricultura capitalista del noroeste de México. En las conclusiones, se reflexiona en torno al papel que la historia agraria y productiva local han tenido al momento de elaborar respuestas para hacer frente a las políticas neoliberales en cada una de las localidades de estudio.
La paradoja de la novedad y la continuidad de las Elecciones Nacionales del 2022 en Costa Rica
Authors: Pignataro López Adrián
Published: November 2024

El artículo introduce la sección temática sobre las Elecciones 2022 en Costa Rica. Discute la forma en que viejas tendencias (fragmentación, baja participación, entre otras) se combinan con nuevos elementos (victoria de un outsider). La dinámica política electoral desde 1953 se sintetiza en un modelo de variable latente, el cual refleja la nueva era político-electoral que inició en 2002 y lo inusual de las elecciones de 2018 y 2022.
La institución del juez legal en la cultura jurídica secular y en la canónica
Authors: Roca María-J.
Published: November 2024

El juez legal es una institución cuyo origen se remonta a una Decretal del s. XII. Este trabajo analiza las garantías de este derecho fundamental en el Derecho internacional, europeo y español, para compararlas después con las del Derecho canónico vigente. En este estudio, se expone el régimen jurídico de los textos internacionales de Derechos Humanos y cómo la jurisprudencia europea y americana ha ido concretando esta institución. La jurisprudencia del TC y TS español ha declarado que el juez predeterminado por la ley, es sobre todo el órgano judicial. Sin embargo, si se sustituye a un titular integrante de ese órgano las partes han de tener posibilidad de interponer recurso frente a la designación del sustituto. En caso contrario, no estaría garantizado el juez legal. En el Derecho canónico vigente no se reconoce plenamente el derecho al juez legal de modo equiparable al Derecho internacional o español. Se anotan propuestas de lege ferenda.
Ciencia, salud y derecho: ¿tres dimensiones irreconciliables en la nueva legislación española sobre transexualidad?
Authors: Salinas-Mengual Jorge
Published: November 2024

Ciencia salud y derecho son tres dimensiones que deben relacionarse cuando en el ámbito jurídico se procede a la regulación de materias que pueden afectar a la vida o la integridad física de la persona. Uno de los supuestos en los que esta interdisciplinariedad es necesaria es en el de la transexualidad, ya que la autodeterminación de género en jóvenes puede dar lugar a efectos irreversibles y nocivos para la salud. La nueva ley española sobre la materia no sólo es ajena a los informes que, desde distintos organismos, tanto consultivos, como judiciales o científicos se han publicado sobre este tema, sino que ha apostado por una alternativa donde, para el acceso al cambio registral de sexo y para la transición de género para menores mayores de 16 años, se ignoran las advertencias de la ciencia, con las consecuencias que de ello pueden derivarse para la salud de la persona.
Implementation of reengineering technology in the technological preparation for general aviation airplane wing tip manufacturing based on the construction of a digital mock-up
Authors: Maiorova Kateryna , Nikichanov Viacheslav , Lysochenko Ihor , Myronova Svitlana
Published: November 2024

The object of this study is the technological preparation of the production of a light aircraft wing using reverse engineering technology. The subject of research is a quality indicator – the geometric accuracy of manufacturing the convex-concave parts of aerospace technology. Calculations of geometric accuracy were performed for the program-instrumental method of co-ordination. As the experimental part it was taken the worn out wing tip of a light aircraft. The following results were obtained. An approach for specifying the aerodynamic airfoil and cross sections of the wing tip when constructing its digital model has been proposed. A 3D scanning of the wing tip with the formation of a digital portrait in STL format, as well as its refinement into a STEP format, using organic and mechanical methods, was accomplished. A digital mock-up of the wing tip was built taking into account the geometry of the aerodynamic airfoil in cross sections as well as a digital mock-up of the form (mould) for its manufacture according to the polygonal model, which was created by the organic method due to it had the highest dimensional accuracy. It was determined that the maximum deviation of the actual wing contour from the theoretical one was as follows: the upper deviation was 0.84 mm, the lower deviation was –0.65 mm. The maximum deviation of the actual wing contour from the theoretical one was ±0.3 mm. The expected (calculated) errors did not exceed the specified value of the tolerance on the wing outer contour that equal to ±1.0 mm, thus, the adopted method of assembling the wing under the conditions of co-ordination by the program-instrumental method ensured the specified geometric accuracy. The results of experimental studies confirmed the adequacy of the proposed approach for determining the aerodynamic airfoil of the cross-sections of the digital mock-up of convex-concave parts for aerospace technology during their technological preparation for production with the use of reverse engineering.