bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Levothyroxine on Lipid Profile in Hypothyroid Patients Attending in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Nasrin Shamima , Akter Nargis , Parvin Shahina , Azad Rifah Rawnak , Akter Sonia , Chydhury Tasnova Islam
Published: December 2024

Background: Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder in our country and is associated with many biochemical abnormalities.Clinical data suggest that levothyroxine replacement therapy has beneficial effect on lipid profile. Objective: The present study intends to find out the effect of levothyroxine replacement therapy on lipid profile in hypothyroid patients. Methods: A prospective analytical study was done in Endocrinology Outpatient Department of Dhaka Medical college and Hospital, Dhaka from January 2022 to December 2022. A total of 30 newly diagnosed hypothyroid patients were included according to selection criteria. The patient’s demographic, past, present history and relevant data needed for the study were collected by face-to-face interview by using structured questionnaire. Baseline data of serum free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), fasting lipid profile, Blood pressure and clinical features of hypothyroidism were recorded in a data collection form during first visit and after 3 months follow up. All patients were treated with tablet levothyroxine and dose was adjusted 4-6 weekly till patients were biochemically euthyroid. Results: 30 hypothyroid patients were followed up for 3 months. There was significant improvement in hypothyroid symptoms after thyroxine replacement. The mean age of the patient was 35.40±11.52 years. Mean FT4 level was significantly increased from 8.06±3.78 to 16.40±3.95(p<0.001). There was significant reduction in mean TSH from 32.55±37.31 to 2.52±2.71(p<0.001). Mean Total cholesterol, TG, LDL-C level was significantly decreased from 193.27±41.69, 173.33±63.71, 119.58±40.11 to 177.80±38.17, 155.87±58.25, 103.07±26.25 (p=0.022, 0.044, 0.042) respectively, but HDL has decreased from 45.04±13.14mg/dl to 43.11±10.78 mg/dl (p=0.415) though not significantly. Conclusion: Thyroxine replacement therapy improves lipid profiles and enhances quality of life. Levothyroxine directly reduces TC, LDL-C, and TG levels but not HDL-C.
J Rang Med Col. September 2024; Vol. 9, No. 2: 61-66
PEMBUATAN FILM BIOPLASTIK NANOKRISTAL SELULOSA PELEPAH NIPAH (Nypa Fruticans) YANG DIHASILKAN DARI PROSES SONIKASI-HIDROTERMAL DENGAN PENAMBAHAN PATI SAGU
Authors: Abubakar Kasrawati , Supran Hidayat Sihotang
Published: December 2024

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pembuatan film bioplastik nanokristal selulosa pelepah nipah (Nypa fruticans) yang dihasilkan dari proses sonikasi-hidrotermal dengan penambahan pati sagu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan karakteristik bioplastik berbahan nanokristal selulosa dengan penambahan pati sagu. Karakterisasi menggunakan metode uji tarik, daya serap air, FTIR, XRD, TGA, serta uji biodegradabilitas. Hasil kekuatan tarik paling tinggi pada bioplastik ditunjukkan pada sampel dengan variasi NCC 20% Film yaitu sebesar 11,996 MPa, elongasion 1,66%%, dan modulus young’s 722,65 Mpa. Uji daya serap air terbaik terdapat pada variasi NCC 20 % yaitu 24,35%. Analisa spektrum FTIR menunjukkan adanya serapan gugus C-O-C pada bilangan gelombang 1096 cm-1 yang mengidentifikasi adanya ikatan glikosida pada nanokristal selulosa. Pada puncak 3428 menunjukkan adanya gugus O-H dan puncak 2926 cm-1 menunjukkan adanya gugus C-H. Analisa XRD menunjukkan derajat kristalinitas nanokristal selulosa yaitu 90%. Variasi NCC 15% menunjukkan stabilitas panas yang baik sekitar 335,71oC dan variasi NCC 20% yaitu 327,91%. Uji biodegradabilitas terbaik ditunjukkan oleh sampel dengan variasi NCC 15% yaitu sebesar 71,68%. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah variasi sampel terbaik adalah variasi NCC 20% dan 15%.
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT AJAR KURIKULUM MERDEKA PADA MATERI PEMANASAN GLOBAL DALAM MEMBANGUN MERDEKA BELAJAR
Authors: Faizah Al Munawwarah  , Amir Hermansyah , Wiwit
Published: December 2024

This research is based on the limited references to existing independent curriculum teaching tools. This research aims to develop an independent curriculum teaching tool on global warming material to see the feasibility, response of educators and the effectiveness of the teaching tool. The type of research used is Research and Development (R&D) according to Sugiyono which consists of 10 stages, namely potential and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, small scale trials, product revisions, large scale trials, product revisions. , and mass production, but this research is limited to large-scale tests. The product in this research is a teaching tool, namely a teaching module. The research was conducted in April-September 2023 at MAN 1 Bengkulu City with the research subjects being class X 3 students at MAN 1 Bengkulu City, totaling 34 students. The research instruments used were interviews, validation sheets, response questionnaires and test instruments. The results of the teaching device feasibility test were said to be very valid with a score of 87.69%. The results of the educator response test were very good with a score of 91%, which educators felt was helpful in expressing the concept of global warming with simple experiments and was useful for students in building independent learning so as to increase understanding and learning outcomes in global warming material. The effectiveness of the teaching tools can be seen from the N-Gain, which is 0.618 in the medium category, which shows that the use of the Guided Discovery Learning-based independent curriculum teaching tools that were developed has proven to be effective in improving student learning outcomes on global warming material.
Perceived Organisational Support Towards Psychological Capital and Organisational Thriving in Lithuania
Authors: Savickaite-Kazlauske Evelina , Bendaraviciene Rita
Published: December 2024

This study examines the interconnectedness of positive organisational resources at three levels through a cross-sectional analysis of 408 participants from various organisations in Lithuania. It investigates the relationships between Perceived Organisational Support for Strength Use (POSSU) and Deficit Correction (POSDC), Strength Use (SUB) and Deficit Correction Behaviour (DCB) with both individual and collective Psychological Capital (PsyCap) and Organisational Thriving. Findings indicate moderate correlations between POSSU and SUB with both types of PsyCap, which are more robust than those with POSDC and DCB. Significant correlations between POSSU, POSDC, and Organisational Thriving suggest that supportive practices enhance overall perceived thriving. These results imply that managers should create environments encouraging employees to use their strengths for greater positive psychological resources. Despite limitations in design, this study contributes to Positive Organisational Scholarship and Positive Organisational Behaviour by addressing gaps in the links between positive psychological resources at individual, collective, and organisational levels. Future research could use longitudinal or experimental studies to expand these findings and address noted limitations.
O uso da creatina e suas implicações nos praticantes de atividade física
Authors: Rabelo Alexander Feitosa , Mascarenhas Gabriel Cabral , Garcia Paloma Popov Custódio
Published: December 2024

O presente estudo tem como objetivo observar os efeitos da creatina em praticantes de atividade física em diversas modalidades com ênfase na musculação, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica narrativa. Foram feitos levantamentos com diversas informações retiradas principalmente de artigos científicos, encontrados em periódicos como SciElo PubMed, Ebsco, além de conter informações de livros e revistas focadas nesta área, podemos analisar que a creatina teve diversos impactos benéficos tanto na qualidade e intensidade dos treinos, quanto para a saúde dos atletas, e se mostrando sem efeitos colaterais, seu uso de forma controlada e nas dosagens certas são além de benéficas, sem perigos para a saúde.
ANALISIS FATWA MUI NO.13 TAHUN 2019 TENTANG TRANSPLANTASI ORGAN DAN JARINGAN TUBUH DARI ORANG HIDUP UNTUK ORANG LAIN
Authors: Rizkiyah Lujeng
Published: December 2024

Organ transplantation has become one of the most meaningful solutions in modern medicine. The issue of organ transplantation has given rise to new problems, so it has become one of the most sensitive debates in the medical and religious worlds. The increasing number of patients requiring transplants, organ rejection, post-transplant complications, and the risks that may arise from transplantation have raised questions about the legal and ethical ethics of using this technology. On the other hand, the current development of science and technology in the medical field also triggers various kinds of legal problems, where it is required to be more flexible and applicable in its implementation, not being shackled into a rigid legal system. The ijtihad method used is the istislahi method using the Manhaji approach. The results of this ijtihad confirm that a person may not give or sell organs and/or body tissues to other people because the organs are not proprietary (haqqul milki) for that reason, taking and transplanting organs without any reason justified by syar'i is unlawful.
FENOMENOLOGI LARANGAN PERNIKAHAN ANTAR-SUKU DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM: STUDI KASUS MASYARAKAT BUTON DAN KEI
Authors: Asbarin  , Amalia Nabila Nailil
Published: December 2024

ABSTRAK
This study aims to analyze public perceptions regarding the prohibition of inter-tribal marriage among the Buton and Kei tribes, using the perspective of maqasid al-sharia and 'urf through a phenomenological approach. This research is a descriptive qualitative research, where a phenomenological approach is used to understand people's subjective experiences related to the prohibition. The primary data in this study were obtained from direct interviews with the Buton and Kei tribal communities, while secondary data was obtained from relevant documents, such as Islamic legal literature and local customary studies. Data collection techniques include in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and documentation studies. The phenomenological data analysis technique used involves two main stages, namely Horizonalization and Cluster of Meaning. In the first stage, each participant's statement was analyzed in parallel without initial assumptions, then grouped in the second stage to find relevant meanings related to public perception. The results of the study show that from the perspective of maqasid al-shharia, this prohibition of inter-tribal marriage is considered as part of the efforts of hifdz al-nasab (safeguarding offspring), which includes the importance of maintaining genealogy and family honor. Public perceptions are divided into three main groups: those who agree with the ban, those who are moderate or neutral, and those who resist. In addition, from the point of view of 'urf, the prohibition is categorized as 'urf sahih (legitimate tradition), which is in line with the accepted principles of Islamic law.
Keywords: Islamic law, marriage, ethnicity, phenomenology
ANALISIS YURIDIS TERHADAP PERBUATAN MELAWAN HUKUM DALAM SENGKETA HAK PEKERJA MELALUI PUTUSAN NOMOR 287/PDT.G/2024/PN MDN
Authors: Ira Safitri  , Muhammad Yoga Pratama  , Filzah Irshadi  , Putri Juliani Br Tarigan  , Salwa Sabrina  , Parlaungan Gabriel Siahaan
Published: December 2024

This research examines the decision of the Medan District Court regarding the issue of unlawful acts committed by PT. Mandiri Tunas Finance in connection with termination of employment and uncertainty in payment of workers' rights. This problem highlights serious problems in the implementation of court decisions in Indonesia, especially in industrial relations, where legal decisions are often ignored. This research emphasizes the importance of enforcing court decisions to ensure justice and legal certainty in the Indonesian civil law system. The method used in this research is normative juridical. The discussion in this research shows two things, namely: the impact of PT non-compliance. Mandiri Tunas Finance regarding termination of employment and uncertainty in payment of workers' rights and emphasizes the importance of enforcing court decisions in the civil law system in Indonesia. This research concludes that PT. Mandiri Tunas Finance's response to the Medan District Court's decision highlights the need for consistent enforcement of civil law. Failure to pay workers their rights harms them and reduces public trust in the legal system. To prevent similar cases, it is important to ensure good implementation of court decisions to guarantee legal certainty, justice, public safety, and encourage legal development.
Keywords: Workers' Rights, Unlawful Actions, Court Decisions
Cotton based intercropping: a climate-smart approach for fiber and food security
Authors: Hussain Iqbal , Saleem Shahid , Ullah Hafeez , Nasir Muhammad , Iqbal Muhammad U. , Zafar Muhammad A. , Babar Allah D. , Khaliq Abdul , Masood Syed A. , Rauf Hafiz A. , Hussain Fida , Ahmad Shahbaz
Published: December 2024

Intercropping, a farming technique that involves growing two or more crops together, has emerged as a potential solution for climate change and global warming. It holds particular importance in subsistence or resource-limited agricultural systems operating on the fringes of modern intensive agriculture. Intercropping offers the opportunity for genuine yield gains without additional inputs and can contribute to achieving "sustainable intensification" by enhancing yield stability while reducing resource requirements. In developing countries, the cultivation of cotton is declining due to the impact of changing climates. However, cotton-based intercropping presents a promising solution to address this issue. Implementing intercropping systems with cotton as a central crop, not only can increase yield but can also enhance stability in erratic climatic conditions. The primary advantage of growing two or more crops together in an intercropping system is the increase in productivity per unit of land. This farming practice optimizes the utilization of environmental resources, aiming to maximize crop production within a given area and timeframe. Intercropping allows for the inclusion of various crops such as cereals, legumes, and vegetables alongside the standing cotton crop. Each crop group brings diverse benefits and higher monetary returns. This review shows how various crops can be intercropped with cotton and the overall efficiency of cotton-based intercropping systems under climate change.
Analysis of agricultural innovation dynamics in rural areas: a case study of rice parboiling in the municipality of glazoué in Benin, between 2013 and 2021
Authors: Kouévi Tèko A. , Kpossilandé Murielle L.W. , Vodouhê Davo S. , Tossou Cocou R.
Published: December 2024

Dynamics and magnitudes of innovation in the agri-food sector are rarely discussed in developing countries, including in the Republic of Benin. This article fills this gap by looking at these phenomena in the rice parboiling activity, between 2013 and 2021. It took as references, parboiling-related innovations inventoried under the project Joint Learning in Innovation Systems in African Agriculture (JOLISAA) between 2010 and 2013. Also, semi-structured and structured interviews were conducted with 103 women rice parboilers and six resource persons involved in rice parboiling in Glazoué, one of the rice production municipalities and poles in Benin. Quantitative analyses consisted of estimating frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations. Qualitative data were summarised in tables, figures, and quotations of significant utterances. Findings show that between 2013 and 2021, 8 innovations inventoried under the JOLISAA project in 2013, underwent up to 23 further technological and technical (65%), and organisational and institutional (35%) innovations. Each of these innovations took place over an average period of 2 years. 74% of these 23 innovations were developed by technical partners, compared to the 26% generated by the studied women rice-parboilers. Innovations from these women were predominantly incremental, while those from their technical partners were mainly modular in magnitude. Since modular, architectural, and radical innovations are generally the most profitable, strengthening the presence of technical partners or innovation brokering specialists could increase the dynamics of such innovations for the benefit of the target women. Findings also highlight the importance of continuous documentation which allowed to track as exhaustively as possible the innovations that occurred between 2013 and 2021 in rice-parboiling in the study area.
Understanding dynamics of farmer-pastoralist conflicts in Tanzania: insights from Kilosa district case study
Authors: Ntumva Mabebe E.
Published: December 2024

Farmer-pastoralist conflicts over land resources in Tanzania are increasingly raising concerns in terms of security, livelihoods, and socioeconomic development. Against this backdrop, the article focuses on the Kilosa district case study to unveil the socio-political dynamics surrounding these conflicts to enhance insightful understanding.  The article employs the environmental security and political ecology theories to explore the theoretical debates about the conflicts in question. The article draws on social constructionism philosophy that allows stakeholders’ perspectives to be the epicentre of interpretation and analysis. It further draws on qualitative research design where a range of qualitative data collection techniques were employed, including in-depth interviews, focused group discussions, and documentary reviews. Data collected were analyzed through thematic and narrative analysis techniques, where resulting themes were interpreted and discursively integrated with existing literature. The findings show how the environmental security and political ecology theories reinforce or contrast the nature of farmer-pastoralist conflict dynamics in the district.  It further suggests broader engagement of stakeholders in determining contested needs, areas of contradiction and a relevant framework for resource governance, access, and management of related conflicts.
Adoption of livestock as a component in the farming system of mid hills in Nepal
Authors: Dhital Pankaj R. , Ojha Ganapati , Dhakal Shiva C. , Devkota Naba R.
Published: December 2024

The goal of this study conducted in 2019 was to thoroughly look into the local farming methods, population demographics, and physical features in the Panchadewal-Binayak Municipality and Turmakhand Rural Municipality of the Achham district in Nepal through a field survey. Using a multi-stage purposive random sampling strategy, 130 sample households representing agricultural communities were chosen, with an emphasis on the different geophysical zones next to the Karnali River. Achham, a least developed region in Nepal's far-western mid-hills, was the study's main focus. The study looked at a number of socioeconomic variables to see how they related to farmers' adoption of livestock enterprises. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate and interpret the demographic data utilizing quantitative features. Similarly, a binary logit regression model was used to investigate the association between a number of selected characteristics and the choice to adopt animals in the farming system. Findings showed that the adoption of livestock was negatively impacted by the head of the household's gender, ethnicity, size of family, and farmers' interaction with extension agents. On the other hand, the major occupation of the head of the household and availability of financial facilities or credit were found to be associated with a greater likelihood of adopting livestock. The study highlights the significance of addressing these critical drivers in technology distribution and supporting extension initiatives for increased farmer engagement in the livestock enterprise, acknowledging livestock as a vital component of the farming system.
Analyzing the box jenkins methodology: predicting apple production in Pakistan
Authors: Rodini Lutfullah , Lakho Muhammad H. , Suthar Velo , Khooharo Aijaz A. , Nazir Adnan
Published: December 2024

Utilizing the ARIMA model, this investigation explores the growth patterns of apple farming regions and outputs in Pakistan between 1959-60 to 2019-20. Moreover, it predicts future trends from 2021 to 2030. This study aims to provide an all-encompassing evaluation and future projection, particularly regarding apple farming as a significant contributor in the horticultural sector of Pakistan's economy. The purpose is to assist decision-makers by offering insightful guidance based on this pivotal role of agriculture. The study utilized time series data obtained from the Federal Bureau of Statistics and employed EViews software for analysis. Through this, they determined that the most effective model to use for forecasting was ARIMA (1,1,0). According to the findings, apple cultivation and production are projected to consistently expand in Pakistan over the next decade. This indicates a promising future for the country's apple farming industry. According to forecasts, the apple farming area will increase from 200.66 thousand hectares in 2021 to 247.02 thousand hectares by 2030 along with an estimated rise in production output from its current level of 6094.29 thousand tonnes to approximately 693 .98thousand tons during this period. The importance of accurate forecasting in agricultural planning is highlighted in this paper, along with the need to overcome sectoral obstacles and capitalize on growth prospects. By adding new insights to the field of agricultural prediction, this research highlights a promising future for apple farming in Pakistan.
Evolution of an indigenously developed climate-resilient potato variety “Kashmir” in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Hassan Syed I.U. , Khan Arifa , Iqbal Rana A. , Khan Rana A.R. , Sajid Muhammad N. , Javaid Tariq , Hussain Muhammad M.
Published: December 2024

Climate change significantly challenges agriculture, impacting crop yields, water availability, pest attacks and soil health. Adaptation strategies like crop diversification, efficient mode of irrigation, and resilient crop varieties are the solution. In Pakistan, potato, a major food as well as cash crops, face climate change-related threats. “Kashmir” a high-yielding, early bulking, frost, and disease tolerant potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). variety was developed at the Potato Research Institute, Sahiwal, Pakistan. This is the result of a cross “FD 35-36 x SH-5” attempted at Potato Breeding Sub-Station, Murree in 2004. The nursery was raised during 2005-08, and evaluation trials were conducted from 2008-10 at Vegetable Research Institute, Faisalabad. The experimental design used in all trials was randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD). Varietal, Advanced Varietal, frost tolerance, National, and Zonal trials were conducted from 2012 to 2019 under different agro-climatic conditions using the same design. A split plot arrangement was implemented for early bulking studies conducted during 2016-17 at PRI, Sahiwal. Plant pathological studies were conducted under field conditions using CRD design at Kaghan during 2016-17, while agronomic studies were conducted at PRI, Sahiwal during 2016-17. Value addition studies were conducted at Post Harvest Research Institute, AARI, Faisalabad during 2020-21. In these studies, this variety exhibited a 53.6% higher yield than the commercial checks and took 100 days to maturity. Federal Seed Certification and Registration Department assessed its  morphological features under the distinctness, Uniformity and Stability (DUS) trial in their field. This variety has been approved by Punjab Seed Council headed by the Minister of Agriculture.
Strategy Under Uncertainty: International Conflict and Variation in Information
Authors: Walentek Dawid , Dekker Mark , Haslbeck Jonas , Broere Joris
Published: December 2024

When do states stand firm, back down, concede or settle with the status quo? The crisis bargaining literature offers a rich assessment of the dynamics of international conflict, accounting for the variation in the economic and the domestic audience costs. Yet, the literature does not consider the role of variation in information available to states engaged in a conflict – limiting our ability to theorise about states' strategy under different levels of uncertainty. Here, we extend the existing models of crisis bargaining, to allow for variation in information, and show that uncertainty and costs are separate mechanisms in respect to states behaviour. Moreover, we generate a set of propositions in respect to threats effectiveness and prospects of conflict onset for different values of uncertainty and for beliefs-updating. We also show how variation in incomplete information interacts with the economic cost of conflict and the domestic audience cost, altering states' behaviour.
A DIFERENÇA IRREDUTÍVEL ENTRE O ESTOICISMO DE EPICTETO E O CRISTIANISMO DE DOROTEU DE GAZA
Authors: De Oliveira Rodrigues Antonio Carlos
Published: December 2024

Embora seja possível encontrar nos ensinamentos de Doroteu de Gaza vestígios do pensamento de Epicteto e até mesmo termos usados pelo filósofo estoico, o teólogo e o filósofo não compartilham o mesmo mundo. Há um abismo que os separa.
Contribuições da neuropsicopedagogia no atendimento a criança autista
Authors: Morais Aparecida de Fátima de Sá
Published: December 2024

O estudo tem como objetivo verificar a relevância do trabalho do neuropsicopedagogo no trabalho com a criança portadora do transtorno do espectro autista (TEA), analisando através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica que busca entender a contribuição da Neuropsicopedagogia na aquisição de novos conhecimentos e de novas habilidades do aluno com TEA, por entender que a Neuropsicopedagogia é uma grande aliada a aprendizagem de alunos especiais, por reunir conhecimentos da neurociência, psicologia e pedagogia. Este estudo torna-se relevante por proporcionar mais pesquisas nesta área de estudo. Este trabalho foi realizado através de pesquisa bibliográfica de artigos científicos de periódicos na área de estudos, consulta de livros sobre o autismo e sites de Saúde, Google Acadêmico e o banco de dados da Scientific Eletronic Library Online – SciELO.
Impact of feed availability on growth performance and amino acid utilization of cobia (Rachycentron canadum) at elevated temperature
Authors: Le Minh-Hoang , Espe Marit , Conceição Luís E. C. , Nguyen Minh V. , Yúfera Manuel , Engrola Sofia , Jordal Ann-Elise O. , Pham Hung Q. , Rønnestad Ivar
Published: December 2024

Introduction

This study explored the effects of increased water temperatures and limited feeding on the growth, feed utilization, and nutrient retention in juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum).

Methods

Juvenile cobia, approximately 5.0 g in body weight, were distributed across two temperature conditions: 34°C, to mimic a global warming scenario, and 30°C, the current local summer average, as controls. The setup included eighteen 200-liter tanks, with 20 fish per tank. Within each temperature regime, triplicate tanks received one of three feeding levels (55%, 75%, and 95% of satiation as determined at 30°C) over a six-week period.

Results

The findings indicated that cobia exhibited the poorest growth performance at the elevated temperature (34°C) and the lowest feeding level (55%). These conditions also correlated with the lowest protein efficiency ratio and feed intake. The feed conversion ratio worsened with increased temperature and feeding levels, while protein production values decreased at higher temperatures. A lower feeding level caused a lower total lipid retention but led to increased retention of whole body essential amino acids.

Discussion

After six weeks, a 24-hour post-prandial analysis showed selective retention of some amino acids in muscle and plasma, but significantly higher retention in the liver at the higher temperature. Only a few amino acids' retention was influenced by feeding level. These results suggest that temperature and feeding levels alter the prioritization of amino acid metabolism and retention, as well as the utilization of energy and substrates across different organs of the cobia.
Efficacy evaluation of a minimally invasive surgical procedure (oblique lateral interbody fusion) for lumbar spinal tuberculosis—retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zheng Ke , Ni Zhihao , Han Guosong , Shan Tao , Xu Bin
Published: December 2024

Objective

In the current study, to demonstrate the advantages of oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF), we focused on the therapeutics for lumbar spinal tuberculosis with the comparison of three treatments, including anterior approach, posterior approach, and OLIF combined with posterior percutaneous pedicle screw fixation.

Methods

This study included patients with lumbar spinal tuberculosis from July 2015 to June 2018. We divided these patients into three groups: 35 patients underwent an anterior-only approach (Group A), 36 patients underwent a posterior-only approach (Group B), and 31 patients underwent OLIF combined with posterior percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (Group C). Operation time, blood loss, hospital stays, the visual analog scale (VAS) and the Oswestry disability index (ODI), ASIA grade, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and Cobb angle were used to evaluate the surgical approaches.

Results

A total of 102 patients joined this study of three therapeutic groups. The mean hospital stays, the mean operative time, and surgical blood loss of the three groups of patients were (14.40 ± 2.6, 14.00 ± 2.51, and 9.39 ± 1.86) days, (177.23 ± 13.23, 198.00 ± 16.75, and 150.39 ± 14.28) minutes, and (307.43 ± 21.91, 406.67 ± 27.02, and 105.97 ± 18.90) mL, respectively. VAS and ODI of all patients significantly improved 1 week after surgery (P < 0.05). As all patients received regular anti-tuberculosis treatment before and after surgery, ESR and CRP indicators maintained at normal levels 1 week after surgery. The Cobb angle was significantly corrected 1 week after surgery (P < 0.05). Eight patients had postoperative complications, and all of them recovered after active treatment.

Conclusion

OLIF combined with posterior percutaneous pedicle screw fixation has the advantages of less surgical trauma and faster postoperative recovery, although all three surgical approaches can achieve satisfactory clinical results.
Deciphering pathogenicity and virulence of the first Staphylococcus debuckii isolate from diabetic foot osteomyelitis
Authors: Abi Najem Cynthia N. , Magnan Chloé , Plumet Lucile , Ahmad-Mansour Nour , Pouget Cassandra , Morsli Madjid , Pantel Alix , Kissa Karima , Sotto Albert , Lavigne Jean-Philippe , Molle Virginie
Published: December 2024

Introduction

This study identifies Staphylococcus debuckii as a new coagulase-negative staphylococcal species isolated from diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFOM) and provides an in-depth analysis of its pathogenic and virulence profile, as well as demonstrating its potential to cause infection.

Methods

The S. debuckii NSD001 strain was examined for its planktonic growth, biofilm production, and phagocytosis rates in murine macrophages compared to S. aureus NSA739. Additionally, persistence and replication within human osteoblasts were investigated, while the zebrafish embryo model was employed to assess virulence. Genomic sequencing and bioinformatic analysis were also conducted to identify genes associated with virulent potential.

Results and Discussion

S. debuckii NSD001 exhibited robust planktonic growth and significant biofilm production, highlighting its capacity to initiate and maintain an infection, and demonstrated similar rates of phagocytosis as S. aureus NSA739 in murine macrophages, suggesting a mechanism for evading initial host defenses. The strain persisted and replicated within human osteoblasts, indicative of a strategy for intracellular survival and facilitation of chronic osteomyelitis. The zebrafish embryo model revealed a slower, yet fatal, virulence profile for S. debuckii NSD001 compared to the rapid lethality induced by S. aureus NSA739. Genomic sequencing and bioinformatic analysis uncovered various genes corroborating its virulence. S. debuckii NSD001 poses a significant concern in DFOM due to its ability to form biofilms and survive within host cells, presenting challenges for current treatment strategies. This underscores the need for updated clinical protocols and increased awareness among healthcare professionals to effectively manage infections caused by this emerging pathogen.
Localized provoked vulvodynia as an immune-mediated inflammatory disease: rationale for a new line of research
Authors: Paavonen Jorma , Brunham Robert C.
Published: December 2024

Localized provoked vulvodynia (LPV), also called vulvar vestibulitis or provoked vestibulodynia, is a major cause of dyspareunia that severely impacts sexual health. At the tissue level, lymphocytic inflammation and hyperinnervation are characteristic pathological features, explaining the main symptoms and signs. A recent experimental animal study suggests that the histopathological findings of LPV may be due to mucosal CD4 Th17 immune responses to microbial antigens. We hypothesize that LPV is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease and challenge the concept of LPV as a chronic pain syndrome of unknown cause. Since most treatment modalities currently used in LPV are no better than placebo, we therefore warrant future research investigating the possible presence of CD4 Th17 cells and IL17 cytokine in affected tissues together with treatment trials that include inhibitors of the IL17 pathway.
Targeting the FSH/FSHR axis in ovarian cancer: advanced treatment using nanotechnology and immunotherapy
Authors: Feng Fuqing , Liu Tianhang , Hou Xiaoman , Lin Xueyan , Zhou Susu , Tian Yongjie , Qi Xiaoyi
Published: December 2024

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the gynecological malignancy with the poorest prognosis. Surgery and chemotherapy are the primary therapies for OC; however, patients often experience recurrence. Given the intimate interaction between OC cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME), it is imperative to devise treatments that target both tumor cells and TME components. Recently, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in the blood have been shown to correlate with poorer prognosis in individuals with OC. Ovarian carcinoma cells express FSH receptors (FSHRs). Thus, FSH is an important target in the development of novel therapeutic agents. Here, we review the effects of FSH on normal physiology, including the reproductive, skeletal, cardiac, and fat metabolic systems. Importantly, this review outlines the role and mechanism of the FSH/FSHR axis in the proliferation, survival, and metastasis of OC, providing theoretical support for the targeted FSHR treatment of OC. Current progress in targeting FSHR for OC, including the recent application of nanotechnology and immunotherapy, is presented. Finally, we discuss prospects and future directions of targeted FSHR therapy in OC.
Clinical characteristics of adrenal crisis in 371 adult patients with glucocorticoid-induced adrenal insufficiency
Authors: Qiu Ying , Luo Ying , Geng Xinqian , Li Yujian , Feng Yunhua , Yang Ying
Published: December 2024

Background

Glucocorticoid-induced adrenal insufficiency (GIAI) is a hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction caused by long-term use of exogenous steroids. Adrenal crisis (AC) is an acute complication of GIAI and one of the reasons for the increased risk of death. This study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics of GIAI patients with AC and explore the related risk factors.

Methods

Clinical data of adult GIAI patients treated at our hospital between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2023 were included. The demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, laboratory tests and comorbidities of the patients were collected. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to explore the variables related to the occurrence of AC, and prediction models were constructed.

Results

51 patients (13.75%) developed AC during hospitalization. Mortality was significantly higher in patients with AC than in those without AC. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that infection, psychiatric symptoms, serum sodium, albumin, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and eosinophil-lymphocyte ratio (ELR) were independent risk factors for AC. Among the prediction models constructed by machine learning algorithms, logistic regression model had the best prediction effect.

Conclusion

This study investigated the clinical characteristics of AC in GIAI patients. NLR and ELR may be effective predictors of AC in GIAI patients, and combined with other clinically significant indicators, an effective prediction model was constructed. Logistic regression model had the best performance in predicting AC in GIAI patients.
VISTA in hematological malignancies: a review of the literature
Authors: Duan Yuanjia , Ren Xiaotong , Guo Xinyu , Xie Jiayi , Liu Zhaoyun , Li Lijuan
Published: December 2024

In recent years, tumor immunotherapy has become an active research area, with the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) revolutionizing immunotherapy. Clinical evidence indicates that programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibodies and other drugs have remarkable therapeutic effects. V-domain Ig suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA) is a new type of immune checkpoint receptor that is highly expressed in various tumors. It is co-expressed with PD-1, T-cell immunoglobulin domain, mucin domain-3 (Tim-3), T-cell immunoglobulin, and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domain (TIGIT) and is associated with prognosis, which suggests that it may be a target for immunotherapy. As an immune checkpoint receptor with no mature drugs, VISTA is highly expressed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), multiple myeloma (MM), and other hematological malignancies; however, its pathogenic mechanism should be defined to better guide treatment.
Revisiting surfactant protein D: an immune surveillance molecule bridging innate and adaptive immunity
Authors: Shamim Azra , Abdul Aziz Mughair , Saeed Faryal , Kumari Rekha , Mary Joseph Ann , Ponnachan Pretty , Kishore Uday , Masmoudi Khaled
Published: December 2024

Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a C-type lectin that was originally discovered as a lung surfactant associated phospholipid recognising protein. It was originally shown to be of great importance in surfactant turnover and homeostasis in conjunction with another hydrophilic surfactant protein i.e. SP-A. In addition, it was found to agglutinate bacteria in suspension and likely a key defence molecule in the lungs. Since its early days of characterization in 1990s, SP-D has turned out to be a central player in the mucosal immunity as pulmonary as well as extrapulmonary innate immune molecule. The most exciting development has been characterization of its C-type lectin or carbohydrate recognition domain (CRDs) that exists in a homotrimeric form in native as well as recombinant versions. SP-D has a range of strategies to recognise pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and thus act as a soluble PAMP-recognizing receptor (PRR), and subsequent destruction of the pathogens directly, or indirectly via phagocytic cells. SP-D also recognizes a range of allergens, competes out with specific IgE antibodies, and downregulates histamine release by basophils and mast cells. These anti-microbial and anti-allergic properties of SP-D have been validated by in vivo murine models of infection and allergy. The SP-D gene deficient mice exhibit remarkable phenotypes where lungs are leaky, showing features of fibrosis and emphysema. One of the seminal discoveries in the field has been the observation that activated eosinophils (and other immune cells) can be induced into apoptotic pathways by SP-D. This raised the possibility that SP-D can be an innate immune surveillance molecule. Studies have revealed the ability of a recombinant fragment of human SP-D containing homotrimeric neck and CRD region to induce apoptosis via intrinsic as well as extrinsic pathways; in addition, it also seems capable of interfering with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. These studies have opened up enormous possibilities for setting up pre-clinical and clinical trials.
The role of splicing events in the inflammatory response of atherosclerosis: molecular mechanisms and modulation
Authors: Wang Aolong , Wang Chengzhi , Xuan Bihan , Sun Yanqin , Li Bin , Zhao Qifei , Yu Rui , Wang Xinlu , Zhu Mingjun , Wei Jingjing
Published: December 2024

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by persistent inflammatory responses throughout all stages of its progression. Modulating these inflammatory responses is a promising avenue for the development of cardiovascular disease therapies. Splicing events modulate gene expression and diversify protein functionality, exerting pivotal roles in the inflammatory mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis. These insights may provide novel opportunities for developing anti-inflammatory therapies for this disease. This article systematically discusses the diverse splice variants and how splicing events impact the inflammatory response in atherosclerosis via endothelial cells, macrophages, and vascular smooth muscle cells, highlighting their underlying molecular mechanisms and implications. Furthermore, this study summarizes clinical evidence supporting splicing-related molecules as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in atherosclerosis. Lastly, we outline the current challenges and future research directions concerning splicing events and inflammatory responses in atherosclerosis. This offers a novel perspective and evidence for formulating new therapeutic strategies aimed at lowering the risk of atherosclerosis.
Thin GB14 coatings on implants using HVSFS
Authors: Lanzino Maria Carolina , Le Long-Quan R. V. , Wilbig Janka , Rheinheimer Wolfgang , Seidenstuecker Michael , Günster Jens , Killinger Andreas
Published: December 2024

Enhancing osseointegration, the process by which medical implants securely bond to bone, is crucial for improving patient outcomes in orthopedics and dental surgery. Calcium alkali orthophosphates, with their superior bioactivity, resorbability, and chemical resemblance to bone minerals, have emerged as promising candidates for implant coatings. These materials offer improved solubility and lower melting points due to the substitution of calcium with potassium and sodium, along with the addition of magnesium oxide. This study investigates GB14 calcium alkali orthophosphate coatings applied via High Velocity Suspension Flame Spraying (HVSFS), a technique that enables precise control over coating properties. A porosity target of >10% was set to promote bone growth, and we achieved porosities up to 13%, ensuring better cell penetration and stability at the implant-bone interface. Coatings were produced using different gas parameters and distances, with their microstructure and phase composition analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), Vickers hardness testing and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Additionally, roughness and porosity were also assessed. Different coating’s microstructures were achieved by varying stand-off distance and gas parameters. Increasing stand-off distance while reducing gas stoichiometry enabled the production of calcium alkali orthophosphate coatings with fewer cracks, higher porosity and a hardness level comparable to that of state-of-the-art tricalcium phosphate (TCP) coatings. The sample with optimized properties in terms of achieved microstructure and topography was selected for in vitro testing using MG63 osteosarcoma cells to evaluate cell proliferation and adhesion. WST (I) assay, LDH assay, and live/dead staining confirmed the biocompatibility of the coatings, highlighting the potential of HVSFS to enhance osseointegration and outperform conventional methods in implantology. No relevant cytotoxicity could be shown and cells show a good proliferation over time. These results highlight thus the potential of HVSFS to produce thin, bioactive and resorbable coatings to enhance osseointegration.
Evaluating the therapeutic impact of Compound Polymyxin B Ointment on postoperative wound healing in patients with perianal abscesses
Authors: Li Yan-Zhu , Zhou Fu-Rong , Chen Xiao-Juan , Liu Yong-Gan
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Perianal abscesses pose a considerable obstacle in the realm of postoperative wound treatment owing to their elevated susceptibility to infection and associated consequences. Polymyxin B Ointment, a compound renowned for its antibacterial qualities, has the potential to provide therapeutic advantages by promoting wound healing and mitigating postoperative problems.

Methods

Our institution conducted a thorough retrospective analysis spanning from December 2020 to December 2023 to assess the effectiveness of Compound Polymyxin B Ointment in the management of surgical wounds in patients diagnosed with perianal abscesses. The research encompassed a cohort of 100 individuals, who were classified into two groups: a control group that received conventional postoperative care, and an observation group that received supplementary treatment with Compound Polymyxin B Ointment. The evaluation of clinical outcomes involved measuring wound healing effectiveness, pain intensity using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), tissue swelling, exudation, necrotic tissue shedding time, duration of hospital stays, and rate of reduction in wound area.

Results

The group that received Compound Polymyxin B Ointment had significant enhancements in wound healing, as seen by a noteworthy 46% of participants completing complete healing, in contrast to the control group’s 32%. The VAS was used to quantify pain levels, and the observation group reported a substantial reduction of almost 50% in ratings. Furthermore, this cohort exhibited a 45% decrease in edema and a 50% decline in exudation rates, in addition to a 50% acceleration in the shedding of necrotic tissue. The duration of the hospital stay was reduced by 40%, and the reduction in wound area was 18% higher, suggesting a more effective healing process. In addition, it is worth noting that the observation group had a lower incidence of problems, so underscoring the effectiveness of the ointment in facilitating wound healing and mitigating postoperative difficulties.

Discussion

The utilization of Compound Polymyxin B Ointment as an adjuvant measure in the surgical treatment of perianal abscesses has been found to have a substantial positive impact on wound healing, pain relief, and complication reduction. This finding provides evidence for the possibility of the ointment as a helpful inclusion in post-surgical wound care procedures among this specific group of patients.
Application of machine learning for mass spectrometry-based multi-omics in thyroid diseases
Authors: Che Yanan , Zhao Meng , Gao Yan , Zhang Zhibin , Zhang Xiangyang
Published: December 2024

Thyroid diseases, including functional and neoplastic diseases, bring a huge burden to people’s health. Therefore, a timely and accurate diagnosis is necessary. Mass spectrometry (MS) based multi-omics has become an effective strategy to reveal the complex biological mechanisms of thyroid diseases. The exponential growth of biomedical data has promoted the applications of machine learning (ML) techniques to address new challenges in biology and clinical research. In this review, we presented the detailed review of applications of ML for MS-based multi-omics in thyroid disease. It is primarily divided into two sections. In the first section, MS-based multi-omics, primarily proteomics and metabolomics, and their applications in clinical diseases are briefly discussed. In the second section, several commonly used unsupervised learning and supervised algorithms, such as principal component analysis, hierarchical clustering, random forest, and support vector machines are addressed, and the integration of ML techniques with MS-based multi-omics data and its application in thyroid disease diagnosis is explored.