bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Keberhasilan Pemantauan Remaja Dengan Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Di Rsup Dr. Kariadi
Authors: Rizal Mohammad , . Wistiani
Published: September 2019

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) merupakan kelainan autoimun multisistem dengan onset umum terdiagnosis saat remaja dengan perempuan sebagai prevalensi terbesar.Remaja yang mengalami SLE akan mengalami dampak negatif dari penyakit kronis tersebut sehingga diperlukan pendekatan multidisplin dan pemantauan jangka panjang sebagai titik kritis dalam tatalaksana.Untuk meningkatkan pemahaman tentang pengelolaan penderita SLE serta permasalahan-permasalahan lain dalam aspek pemantauan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan remaja dalam kurun waktu tertentu yang mengalami penyakit kronis.Studi observasional terhadap seorang anak perempuan 16 tahun dengan SLE.di Â RSUP dr Kariadi Semarang. Aspek-aspek yang dipantau antara lain respon terapi, fungsi ginjal, pertumbuhan dan perkembangan, nutrisi, pengaruh hospitalisasi, penyakit penyerta, komplikasi steroid jangka panjang, pengaruh metabolik lain, serta evaluasi progresivitas atau evolusi dari Systemic lupus erythematosus.Selama pemantauan komplikasi dan komorbid yang terjadi pada pasien yaitutiroiditis lobus dextra, parotitis dextra, gizi buruk perawakan normal, anemia normositik normokromik,dan amenorea sekender.Morbiditas didapatkan pada kasus akibat efek samping kortikosteroid jangka panjang didapatkan glaukoma sekunder dan gangguan siklus menstruasi. Tidak didapatkan masalah dalam aspek pertumbuhan dan perkembangan psikososial, kognitif, mental emosional, dan sosialisasi (PEDS QL, PSC 17 dan SDQ dalam batas normal).Pada pasien didapatkan remisi komplit dengan skor SLEDAI 0-2.Pemantauan komprehensif pada pasien anak dengan SLE dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup, melakukan intervensi dini komorbiditas yang terkait penyakit, serta memperhatikan individu dan keluarga dalam semua aspek kehidupan.

Kata Kunci :systemic lupus erythematosus, SLEDAI, aktifitas penyakit
Perbedaan Fungsi Agregasi Trombosit, MPV, Dan Rasio MPV/PC Pada Pasien Stroke Iskemik dan Stroke Hemoragik
Authors: Setiawati Melia , Adhipireno Purwanto
Published: September 2019

Latar BelakangStroke adalah hilangnya fungsi neurologis akut yang disebabkan gangguan aliran darah ke otak karena iskemik atau hemoragik. Trombosit berperan penting dalam pembentukan trombus intravaskular. Pemeriksaan fungsi trombosit meliputi fungsi agregasi trombosit, MPV, dan rasio MPV/PC(Mean Platelet Volume/Platelet Count). Peningkatan MPV dan rasio MPV/PC didapatkan pada pasien infark serebri dan infark miokard.Â TujuanMenganalisis perbedaan fungsi agregasi trombosit, MPV, dan rasio MPV/PC pada pasien stroke iskemik dan stroke hemoragik.Â MetodePenelitian belah lintang pada penderita stroke yang dirawatdi RSUPDr. Kariadi Semarang periode Juni â€“ Agustus 2016.Diagnosis stroke berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan MSCT Scan Kepala. Dilakukan pemeriksaan fungsi agregasi trombosit, MPV dan rasio MPV/PC.Data fungsi agregasi trombosit dan MPV dianalisis dengan uji beda t-test sedangkan data rasio MPV/PC dianalisis dengan Mann Whitney U Test.Â HasilMean persentase fungsi agregasi trombositpada kelompok stroke iskemik adalah 76.83 Â± 10.262 %, dan 68.69 Â± 10.791 % pada stroke hemoragik. Terdapat perbedaan persentase agregasi trombosit antara kedua kelompok (p = 0,004). Mean MPV pada kelompok stroke iskemik adalah 8.66 Â± 1.41 fl dan 7.51 Â± 1.52 fl pada kelompok stroke hemoragik dan menunjukkan perbedaan (p = 0.004). Median Rasio MPV/PC pada kelompok stroke iskemik adalah 0.034 (0.009-0.142) dan 0.027 (0.008-0.046) pada kelompok stroke hemoragik dan tidak menunjukkan perbedaan (p = 0.054).Â SimpulanTerdapat perbedaan persentase fungsi agregasi trombosit dan MPV pada stroke iskemik dan stroke hemoragik (p<0.005). Tidak terdapat perbedaan rasio MPV/PC pada kedua kelompok (p>0.005). Â Kata kuncistroke, fungsi agregasi trombosit, MPV, rasio MPV/PC(Mean Platelet Volume/Platelet Count)
Karakteristik OMSK Dengan Komplikasi Intrakranial Di RSUP Dr.Kariadi Semarang Tahun 2012 - 2017
Authors: Anindya Rosa Putrie , Ruspita Dian Ayu
Published: September 2019

Latar Belakang: Otitis media supuratif kronik (OMSK) merupakan radang kronis telinga tengah dengan perforasi membran timpani dan riwayat keluarnya sekret dari telinga lebih dari 2 bulan. OMSK dapat menyebabkan komplikasi ke intratemporal dan intrakranial.Prevalensi OMSK di Asia Tenggara sebesar 15-20% dengan komplikasi intrakranial sebesar 5-10%.4 OMSK dengan komplikasi intrakranial merupakan kasus yang mengancam jiwa sehingga perlu diagnosis dini dan penatalaksanaan yang tepat.

Tujuan: Mengetahui karakteristik kasus OMSK dengan komplikasi intrakranial di RSUP Dr.Kariadi Semarang.

Bahan dan cara kerja: Penelitian diskriptif retrospektif yang diambil dari rekam medik pasien rawat inap selama 5 tahun antaraJanuari 2012- Mei 2017.

Hasil: Didapatkan 18 kasus OMSK dengan komplikasi intrakranial dengan perbandingan laki-laki dan perempuan 15:3. Kelompok usia terbanyakÂ  11-20 tahun (33,3%). Keluhan utama terbanyak adalah nyeri kepala dan otore (100%), riwayat otoreÂ  lebih dari 10 tahun (72,2%). Komplikasi intrakranial terbanyak abses serebri (55,5%) dimana lokasi abses terbanyak di regio temporoparietal (55.5%). Jaringan patologis daerah mastoid terbanyak adalah kolesteatoma (72,2%). Hasil kultur dengan jenis kuman terbanyak Pseudomonas aeroginosa (22.2%). Kraniotomi dan mastoidektomi memberikan penyembuhan yang baik (83,3%).

Simpulan: Komplikasi intrakranial lebih sering berupa abses serebri. Tindakan kraniotomi dan mastoidektomi memberikan respon penyembuhan yang baik.

Kata kunci: Komplikasi intrakranial, OMSK, kraniotomi dan mastoidektomi.
Tatalaksana Non Intervensional Pasien Dengan Penyakit Meniere
Authors: Sabig Lidya , . Muyassaroh
Published: September 2019

Pendahuluan: Penyakit Meniere adalah suatu sindrom yang terdiri dari serangan vertigo, tinnitus, berkurangnya pendengaran yang bersifat fluktuatif dan perasaan penuh di telinga. Prevanlensi mencapai 0.5-7.5/1000 di Inggris dan Swedia. Tujuan: Untuk melaporkan tatalaksana non intervensional pasien dengan diagnosis penyakit meniere. Laporan kasus: laki-laki berusia 53 tahun dengan diagnosis penyakit meniere, tatalaksana yang dilakukan adalah perbaikan gaya hidup, diet rendah garam, pemberian diuretikÂ  HCT 25 mg/sehari dan latihan gerakan kepala secara bertahap. Evaluasi setelah dua bulan menunjukkan vertigo dan telinga berdenging dirasakan berkurang tetapi keluhan kurang pendengaran menetap. Pembahasan: Penatalaksanaan non-intervensional penyakit Meniere meliputi perubahan gaya hidup, terapi medikamentosa dan rehabilitasi. Tatalaksana intervensional meliputi pembedahan dekompresi kantung endolimfatik, pemotongan saraf vestibular, labirinektomi, endolimfe shunt dan terapi tekanan denyut yang bila pengobatan medikamentosa tidak dapat menanggulangi vertigo. Pada pasien ini, tatalaksana meliputi perubahan gaya hidup meliputi pembatasan konsumsi kopi, diet rendah garam, pemberian diuretik HCT 25 mg/hari dan latihan gerakan kepala secara bertahap. Tindakan pembedahan belum perlu dilakukan karena tinitus dan vertigo berkurang dan terkompensasi dengan vestibular rehabilitation therapy. Â Kesimpulan: Penyakit meniere yang dilakukan tatalaksana non intervensional menunjukkan pengurangan keluhan vertigo dan tinitus namun tidak dengan kurang pendengaran.Key word: Tatalaksana non intervensional, intervensional, penyakit meniere
Penatalaksanaan Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomi Pada Dakriostenosis
Authors: Anindya Rosa Putrie , Kusuma Dewi Anna Mailasari
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang :Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) adalah prosedur pilihan untuk obstruksi duktusnasolakrimalis dan dakriosistitis. Dua pendekatan utama yang dapat digunakan adalah pendekatan eksternal melalui sayatan transkutan dan pendekatan endonasal dengan endoskopi.Tingkat kesuksesan endoscopic DCR sebesar 84% sedangkan DCR eksternal sebesar 70%.Keuntungan endoscopic DCR yaitu dapat dilakukan pada dakriosistitisakut, tidak ada luka parut di kulit dan nyeri pasca operasi minimal.Tujuan:Melaporkan tindakan endoscopic DCR pada pasien dakriostenosisdi RSUP dr. Kariadi. Kasus:Pasien pertama laki-laki dengan mata kiri dakriosistitiskronik dan fistula saccuslakrimalise.cdakriostenosis dan pasien kedua anak dengan dakriostenosisduplek.Penatalaksanaan:Dilakukan tindakan endoscopic DCR dan pemasangan silicon tube Kesimpulan:TindakanendoscopicDCR memberikanhasil yang baik pada pasien dengan dakriosistitiskronike.cdakriostenosisKata kunci: Dakriostenosis, EndoscopicDacryocystorhinostomy
Korelasi antara Penambahan Berat Badan Janin dengan Asupan Protein Pada Kehamilan Trimester III
Authors: Martiana Eva , Dewantiningrum Julian , Mexitalia Maria
Published: September 2019

Latar Belakang.Kehamilan merupakan periode penting dalam pembentukan kualitas sumber daya manusia di masa yang akan datang. Asupan protein akan meningkatkan transpot asam amino ke dalam plasenta. Asam amino, khususnya arginin akan meningkatkan vasodilator NO sehingga akan meningkatkan transfer nutrisi ke janin. Selain itu, asupan protein yang cukup akan merangsang sekresi IGF-1 yang akan mendukung pertumbuhan janin. Di sisi lain, asupan protein yang berlebihan pada awal kehamilan merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya obesitas pada masa kanak-kanak yang dapat berlanjut menjadi penyakit jantung koroner dan sindroma metabolik pada saat dewasa. Faktor metabolik dan neuroendokrin yang berperan sejak masa kehamilan ini dikenal sebagai metabolic programming. Oleh karea itu perlu dilakukan penelitian awal untuk mengetahui korelasi antara penambahan berat badan janin dengan asupan protein pada kehamilan trimester 3.Tujuan. Membuktikan korelasi antara intake protein pada kehamilan Trimester III dengan penambahan berat badan janin intrauterin.Metode.Penelitian ini adalahpenelitinanalitik observasional. Intake protein dinilai dengan metode food recallselama 24 jam dan dilakukan nutrisurvey untuk menilai kecukupan intake protein (cukup atau kurang). Penambahan berat badan janindinilai dengan menghitung selisih berat badan bayi saat lahir dengan berat janin pada usia kehamilan 30 â€“ 34 mingguHasil.Sebanyak42subyek dilakukanfood recall untuk mengetahui kecukupan protein pada kehamilan trimester III. Sebanyak 27 orang telah bersalin dan dinilai korelasi antara kecukupan intake protein dan penambahan berat badan janin. Hasil analisa didapatkan korelasi positif dengan derajat sedang antara penambahan berat badan janin dengan kecukupan protein pada kehamilan trimester III (r 0,48 ;p 0,012). Kesimpulan.Kecukupan intake protein pada kehamilan trimester III mempunyai korelasi dengan penambahan berat badan janin.Â Â Â Â Â Â Kata kunci. Kecukupan asupan protein, berat badan bayi, penambahan berat badan janin, food recall
Faktor yang berpengaruh pada perkembangan bicara anak kurang dengar yang menggunakan alat bantu dengar
Authors: Dwi Nastiti , . Muyassaroh
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Deteksi dini tuli kongenital sudah dilakukan di RSUP Dr. Kariadi. Rata-rata kunjungan anak kurang dengar sejak lahir sebanyak 10-20 pasien per bulan. Salah satu metode intervensi dengan pemakaian alat bantu dengar (ABD). Keluaran penting bagi anak pengguna ABD adalah persepsi bicara, bahasa, kemampuan komunikasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangan auditori, bahasa dan wicara pada anak kurang dengar yang menggunakan ABD.Metode : Penelitian belah lintang. Sampel adalah anak kurang dengar dengan ABD usia pendengaran kurang dari 2 tahun. Data umur pertama memakai alat bantu dengar (ABD), lama penggunaan ABD perhari, jumlah ABD didapatkan dari wawancara. Derajat kurang pendengaran dari hasil BERA. Data kelainan lain pada sampel didapat dari rekam medis. Perkembangan auditori, bahasa dan wicara dinilai dengan LittlEARS Auditory Questionnaire (LEAQ). Analisis data dengan uji Chi square menggunakan regresi logistic multivariate.Hasil : Sampel berjumlah 35 anak, 17 (48,6%) anak menggunakan ABD di usia kurang dari atau sama dengan 3 tahun dan 18 anak (51,4%) menggunakan ABD setelah 3 tahun. Data derajat kurang pendengaran profound 80%, sedang-berat 20%. Lama pemakaian ABD diatas 8 jam sebanyak 45,7% dan 54,3% anak dibawah 8 jam. Terdapat kelainan lain 20% dan tanpa kelainan 80%. Frekuensi terapi wicara kurang dari 2 kali perminggu 54,3% dan lebih dari sama dengan 2 kali perminggu 45,7%. Hasil LittlEARS Auditory Questionnaire (LEAQ) dibawah kurva 52,4% dan 47,6% sesuai kurva normal. Didapatkan agka yang signifikan (p<0,005) pada lama pengunaan alat dan frekuensi terapi wicara. Simpulan : Lama penggunaan ABD dan frekuensi terapi wicara merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh dalam perkembangan bicara pada anak kurang pendengaran yang menggunakan ABD.Â Kata Kunci : Alat bantu dengar, perkembangan auditori, kurang pendengaran
Pengaruh vitamin C terhadap peroksidasi lipid, gejala klinik dan kualitas hidup penderita tonsilitis kronik
Authors: Liwikasari Nancy , . Farokah , . Suprihati
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang: Masalah tonsilitis kronik sering pada anak. Gejala klinik yang muncul berdampak negatif sehingga menurunkan kualitas hidup. Radikal bebas berperan dalam tonsilitis kronik. Potensi kerusakan radikal bebas dibatasi antioksidan. Tujuan: Membuktikan vitamin C menurunkan kadar peroksidasi lipid, memperbaiki gejala klinik dan kualitas hidup penderita tonsilitis kronik. Material dan metode: Penelitian Randomized Controlled Trial dengan simple random sampling. Penilaian kadar peroksidasi lipid, gejala klinik dan kualitas hidup dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah pemberian vitamin C. Hasil: Total 51 penderita, 10 drop out dan 41 dianalisis. Kadar peroksidasi lipid sesudah perlakuan kelompok vitamin C (3,41 (0,53-4,65)) tidak berbeda bermakna dibandingkan sebelum perlakuan (3,43 (0,39-4,16)) (p=0,237). Skor total gejala klinik sesudah perlakuan kelompok vitamin C (14,76Â±4,34) lebih rendah dibandingkan sebelum perlakuan (20,38Â±5,25) (p=0,000). Skor total kualitas hidup sesudah perlakuan kelompok vitamin C (65 (52 â€“ 79)) lebih rendah dibandingkan sebelum perlakuan (78 (57 â€“ 88)) (p=0,000). Kesimpulan: Kadar peroksidasi lipid yang diberikan vitamin C tidak berbeda bermakna dibandingkan tanpa diberikan vitamin C (p=0,237). Gejala klinik dan kualitas hidup yang diberikan vitamin C lebih baik dibandingkan tanpa diberikan vitamin C. Kata kunci: tonsilitis kronis, kadar peroksidasi lipid, gejala klinik, kualitas hidup
Peran Mr-Imaging Dalam Deteksi Agenesis Corpus Callosum Pada Anak Dengan Keluhan Kejang
Authors: Waqiati Anisah Amalia , Wahyuni Frederica Mardiana
Published: September 2019

LATAR BELAKANGGangguan pada perkembangan otak dapat mengakibatkan abnormalitas. Gangguan tersebut dapat berasal dari beberapa faktor, yaitu faktor lingkungan / didapat, faktor genetik dan abnormalitas fungsional. Kelainan kongenital sistem saraf pusat dapat terjadi sebagai lesi tunggal maupun dapat berhubungan dengan malformasi kongenital yang lain. Neuroimaging memegang peranan penting dalam diagnosa pasien dengan kelainan otak kongenital.LAPORAN KASUSKasus 1 : Seorang bayi perempuan usia 2 bulan dirawat dengan keluhan kejang yang dirasakan sejak pasien berusia 2 hari. Pada pemeriksaan MRI didapatkan kesan tak tampak gambaran corpus callosum disertai gambaran colpocephale dan pelebaran ventrikel lateral kanan kiri dan ventrikel III membentuk gambaran racing car sign, sesuai gambaran agenesis corpus callosum. Tampak pula adanya heterotopia periventrikuler, microftalmia curiga disertai coloboma cyst dan perineural cyst.Kasus 2 : seorang anak perempuan usia 10 tahun datang dengan keluhan kejang dan kaku pada seluruh badan. Pada pemeriksaan MRI kepala tanpa kontras didapatkan adanya gambaran colpocephale disertai penipisan body corpus callosum bagian posterior yang mendukung gambaran hipogenesis corpus callosum. Tampak pula gambaran polymicrogyria lobus occipital kanan-kiri dan pachygyria sebagian lobus regio parietal kanan-kiri.DISKUSIAbnormalitas kongenital corpus callosum dapat berupa complete agenesis maupun terbentuk secara parsial / hipogenesis. Diagnosis agenesis corpus callosum sangat bergantung pada neuroimaging. Diagnostik ini dapat ditegakkan pada masa prenatal dan post natal. Pemeriksaan imaging yang dapat digunakan dalam mendiagnosis agenesis corpus callosum adalah ultrasonografi (USG), CT scan dan MRI. Sedangkan pada masa antenatal USG dan MRI merupakan pilihan yang dapat digunakan untuk mendiagnosa adanya agenesis corpus callosum.KESIMPULANCorpus callosum dapat terlihat dengan detail menggunakan pemeriksaan MRI. Pemeriksaan dengan MRI dapat dimulai dari masa fetus sampai lahir. Penegakkan diagnosis sedini mungkin sangat penting dalam penentuan target terapi pasien.Kata Kunci : agenesis callosal, malformasi otak, malformasi kongenital
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Ekstravasasi Di Ruang Anak RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang
Authors: Kusumawardhani Yuswinda
Published: September 2019

Background: Chemotherapy is one way to treat cancer by using drugs. Complications that can occur from chemotherapy is the occurrence of extravasation that occurs when chemotherapy drugs accidentally enter the tissue around intravenous access can cause persistent, painful and progressive ulceration if given incorrectly.

Aim : to analyze the relationship between risk factor (canul size, vena location access, vena condition, kind of drug, long of explanation drug, and volume drug that used) to the incidence of extravasation in the pediatric ward RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang.

Method: this research using observational analytic design according to cross sectional. The sample were taken by minimal sampling with criteria child 1-17 years old, child with chemotherapy cycle 1-6, and not using central vena access get 30 sample. The result of test using correlation regression.

Result: showed that not connection between six risk factor with ekstravatation incident. Conclusion: the gold standard protocol must be carried out during the administration of chemotherapy

 

Latar belakang. Kemoterapi merupakan salah satu cara penanganan kanker dengan menggunakan obat. Komplikasi dari pemberian kemoterapi yang dapat terjadi adalah kejadian ekstravasasi yang mana obat kemoterapi secara tidak sengaja masuk ke dalam jaringan di sekitar akses intravena yang dapat menyebabkan ulserasi yang menetap, nyeri dan progresif jika diberikan dengan tidak benar.

Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis hubungan antara faktor resiko (ukuran kanula, lokasi akses vena, kondisi vena, jenis obat, lama paparan obat, dan volume obat kemoterapi) terhadap kejadian ekstravasasi di ruang anak RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang.

Metodologi. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional analitik secara cross sectional. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan minimal sampling dengan kriteria anak usai 1-17 tahun, anak dalam siklus kemoterapi 1-6 dan tidak menggunakan akses vena sentral didapatkan 30 sampel. Analisa data menggunakan korelasi regresi.

Hasil penelitian: tidak ada hubungan antara keenam faktor resiko dengan kejadian ekstravasasi. Kesimpulan: gold standard protocol harus dijalankan selama pemberian kemoterapi.

Kata Kunci : Faktor Resiko, Kejadian Ekstraksasi, Kemoterapi Anak
Pengaruh Pendapatan Usaha dan Biaya Operasional Terhadap Laba Bersih Survey Pada Perusahaan Jasa Sub Sektor Transportasi Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Pasca Yelsha Dwi
Published: September 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendapatan usaha dan biaya operasional terhadap laba bersih, survei pada perusahaan jasa sub sektor transportasi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Berdasarkan uji hipotesis dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara pendapatan usaha dan biaya operasional terhadap laba bersih pada perusahaan jasa sub sektor transportasi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Dimana pendapatan usaha dan biaya operasional mempunyai hubungan dengan laba bersih yang sangat kuat dan berbanding lurus, artinya ketika pendapatan usaha dan biaya operasional meningkat maka laba bersih pun akan mengalami peningkatan. Saran bagi perusahaan sebaiknya terus meningkatkan pendapatan usaha agar mendapatkan laba bersih yang maksimal. Karena apabila pendapatan usaha terus meningkat diiringi dengan peningkatan laba bersih maka investor akan tertarik untuk berinvestasi di emiten tersebut. Sebaiknya mengeluarkan biaya operasional seminimal mungkin agar mendapatkan laba bersih yang maksimal. Bila pemakaian biaya operasional tinggi maka laba bersih pun akan menurun dan para investor akan berfikir beberapa kali untuk berinvestasi di emiten tersebut. Kata kunci : Pendapatan usaha, biaya operasional, laba bersih
Inducing resistance of cucumber plants to diseases by using plant growth regulators
Authors: Onyshchenko O. , Chaiuk O.
Published: September 2019

Goal. To investigate the influence of plant growth regulators (PGR) and microfertilizer as plant resistance inducers for reducing the development of cucumber diseases in film greenhouses.

Methods. Field and laboratory.

Results. Analysis of the activity of total peroxidase showed a positive dynamics of activation of this enzyme - an increase of 1,2 – 2,2 times, which is 14,3 – 54,6%. It was the highest in the version with the use of Epin extra and salicylic acid. For the third day after plant treatment, the enzyme activity increased to 74.7-75.1 mg-ekv/g·s, Due to increased plant resistance, a decrease in the level of infestation of cucumber plants is noted. Depending on the drugs, the intensity of development of root rot in the average years of research was kept within 12.3-17.7 % at 30.5 % in the control. The smallest development of root rot was observed after application of microfertilizer CompleMet – 12.3 %. Treatment of plants by growth regulators led to a decrease in the level of damage of cucumber by downy mildew. The smallest development of the disease was noted in variants with Vimpel Maxi, Epin extra and CompleMet – 8.5% at 13.7% in control.

Conclusions. The tendency to increase the level of activity of peroxidase in cucumber plants after treatment with plant growth regulators is revealed, which indicates an increase in the activity of one of the key non-specific protective reactions and, consequently, unspecific plant resistance. The effectiveness of PGR on the basis of humic acids, biologically active substances and microfertilizer CompleMet as an inducer of plant resistance to diseases has been established. The most effective against root rot is microfertilizer CompleMet – 60 % among growth regulators: Vimpel Maxi, salicylic acid, Epin extra (biological efficiency – 56, 55, 52 % respectively). Influence from the action of PGR against downy mildewis observed at the initial stages of disease development. A noticeable effect is observed when applying Epin extra, Vimpel Maxi and CompleMet (biological efficiency – 38%).
Synthesis of acremines A, B and F and studies on the bisacremines
Authors: Winter Nils , Trauner Dirk
Published: September 2019

The acremines are a family of meroterpenoids isolated from fungi of the genus Acremonium. Here, we present the asymmetric total synthesis of acremine F which hinges on a modestly enantioselective dihydroxylation and a subsequent kinetic resolution via a highly selective asymmetric reduction. Chemoselective oxidation of acremine F gave access to acremines A and B. The dimerization of acremine F to bisacremine E was investigated but could not be achieved, shedding light on the formation of the acremine dimers in nature.
Merger Rate of Stellar Black Hole Binaries above the Pair-instability Mass Gap
Authors: Mangiagli Alberto , Bonetti Matteo , Sesana Alberto , Colpi Monica
Published: September 2019

In current stellar evolutionary models, the occurrence of pair-instability supernovae implies a lack of stellar black holes (BHs) with masses between about [60, 120] M⊙, resulting in the presence of an upper-mass gap in the BH mass distribution. In this Letter, we propose a simple approach to describe BHs beyond the pair-instability gap by convolving the initial mass function and star formation rate with the metallicity evolution across cosmic time. Under the ansatz that the underlying physics of binary formation does not change beyond the gap, we then construct the cosmic population of merging BH binaries. The detection rate of BH binaries with both mass components above the gap is found to range between ≃[0.4, 7] yr−1 for LIGO/Virgo at design sensitivity and [10, 460] yr−1 for third-generation ground-based detectors, considering the most pessimistic and optimistic scenarios. The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) can individually detect these binaries up to thousands of years from coalescence. The number of events merging in less than four years, which enable multiband observation in sequence, is expected to be in the range [1, 20]. While ET will detect all these events, LIGO/Virgo is expected to detect ≲50% of them. Finally, we estimate that the gravitational-wave background from unresolved sources in the LISA band may in principle be detected with a signal-to-noise ratio between ≃2.5 and ≃80.
On the Energy Conversion Rate during Collisionless Magnetic Reconnection
Authors: Yi Yongyuan , Zhou Meng , Song Liangjin , Deng Xiaohua
Published: September 2019

Magnetic reconnection efficiently converts magnetic energy into kinetic and thermal energy of plasmas. The electric field at the X-line, which represents the reconnection rate, is commonly used to measure how fast the reconnection proceeds. However, the energy conversion rate (ECR) has rarely been investigated. Using a 2.5D particle-in-cell simulation, we have examined the temporal evolution of the ECR in collisionless reconnection. It is found that the ECR reaches peak significantly later than the reconnection rate does. This is because the energy conversion primarily occurs at the reconnection fronts rather than at the X-line. With the increase of the inflow density, both the reconnection rate and the conversion rate decrease. The presence of a guide field leads to the reduction of both the reconnection rate and the conversion rate, though reconnection remains fast. We further find that ECR does not depend on the mass ratio but is sensitive to the length of the simulation domain.
Energy Balance in Avalanche Models for Solar Flares
Authors: Farhang Nastaran , Wheatland Michael S. , Safari Hossein
Published: September 2019

The distributions of solar flare energies and waiting times have not been described simultaneously by a single physical model, yet. In this research, we investigate whether recent avalanche models can describe the distributions for both the released energies and waiting times of flares in an active region. Flaring events are simulated using the modified Lu and Hamilton model and also the optimized model. Applying a probability balance equation approach, we study the statistics of the simulated flaring events and investigate the origin of the observed power law in the flare frequency-size distribution. The results indicate that the power law originates in the distribution of transition rates (the distribution of the probabilities of transitions between different energies) rather than the distribution of the energy of the active region. It is also observed that the waiting-time distribution of simulated flaring events follows a q-exponential function, which approximates a simple Poisson distribution.
Autochtonies contraires. Circulations d’idées et de pratiques de résistances indigènes transatlantiques
Authors: Apostoli Cappello Elena
Published: September 2019

Résumé Je propose une ethnographie des circulations transnationales des activistes écosocialistes – et de leurs répertoires – entre Europe et Chiapas mexicain. Engagés dans un néo-ruralisme autogestionnaire et anticapitaliste en Europe, dont la visée est le retour à la terre, ils mettent en œuvre des stratégies de réappropriation du territoire qui s’enchevêtrent à des revendications identitaires mimant par certains aspects les revendications amérindiennes. Je présente ici un travail multisitué sur deux configurations autochtonistes aux géométries variables. Nous verrons d’abord comment cette configuration se présente en Amérique latine (militants zapatistes), ensuite, quels sont les véhicules à travers lesquels elle arrive en Europe (activistes pour la défense territoriale en Région Veneto ), et enfin ce qu’elle devient une fois ici.
Eye Tracking Abnormalities in School-Aged Children With Strabismus and With and Without Amblyopia
Authors: Al-Haddad Christiane , Hoyeck Stephanie , Torbey Julien , Houry Rana , Boustany Rose-Mary N.
Published: September 2019

Purpose:

To detect eye tracking abnormalities in children with strabismus in the absence or presence of amblyopia.

Methods:

A total of 100 patients aged 7 to 17 years were enrolled prospectively for 2 years from the pediatric ophthalmology clinic of the American University of Beirut Medical Center: 50 children with strabismus (including 24 with amblyopia) and 50 age- and gender-matched controls. Eye tracking with different paradigms was performed.

Results:

Mean age was 10.66 ± 2.90 years in the strabismus group and 10.02 ± 2.75 years in the control group. Demographic characteristics were similar with respect to vision, gender, and refraction. Four paradigms were tested using the eye tracker: (1) distance/near paradigm: patients with strabismus showed a lower fixation count and longer fixation at both distances and a tendency for decreased latency and percentage of fixation in distant elements; (2) reading paradigm: the strabismus group had a higher fixation count and duration, especially those without amblyopia; (3) location identification paradigm: strabismus group without amblyopia fixated less and with shorter duration on the most flagrant element; and (4) video paradigm: no differences in eye movements were noted.

Conclusions:

Significant eye movement deficits were demonstrated in patients with strabismus compared to controls while reading text and identifying prominent elements in a crowded photograph. This was significant in the non-amblyopic subgroup.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2019;56(5):297–304.]
Actualización a la lista de coleópteros (Insecta: Coleoptera) de la región Piura, Perú
Authors: Juárez-Noé Gino , González-Coronado Uzbekia
Published: September 2019

Con base en colectas, registros en la bibliografía y revisión de material depositado en colecciones entomoló-gicas se realiza una actualización a la lista de coleópteros de la región Piura en Perú, añadiendo nuevas especies y nuevos datos distribucionales. Se adicionan 72 especies, 52 géneros y 5 familias, con lo cual la cantidad de coleópteros para la región se eleva a 317 especies, 255 géneros y 38 familias, mientras que para 13 especies ya conocidas se reportan nuevos datos provinciales ampliando su distribución dentro de la región. Ahasverus advena (Waltl, 1834), Alaetrinus pullus (Sahlberg, 1823), Taeniotes marmoratus Thomson, 1865 y el género Coscinoptera Lacordaire, 1848 se citan por primera vez para Perú, mientras que Pagiocerus frontalis (Fabricius, 1801), Scymnobius ecuadoricus Gordon & González, 2005 y Rodolia cardinalis (Mulsant, 1850) son nuevas citas para la región Piura. Las especies consideradas en esta actualización se presentan a modo de listado fau-nístico comentado y se incluye lista actualizada de todos los coleópteros conocidos hasta el momento para la región con distribución por provincia y paisaje ecológico.
CSV Activities in the Japanese Retail Sector
Authors: Hirogaki Mitsunori
Published: September 2019

In Michael Porter's creating shared value (CSV) framework, the enterprise will solve the social challenges that confront regions or communities through its business activities, thus earning a profit while creating value for both the company and the region. In this chapter, a case study is presented on a retailer's CSV activities in Japan, wherein the author addresses how the retailer contributes to the community through shopping support services in “food deserts” that supply fresh food to improve consumers' health and wellness. The empirical results indicate that consumers have a preference for real store shopping experiences among these services, whereas online grocery services do not meet consumers' needs for shopping. The results suggest that these shopping support activities will bring enough profit for both sides, namely, consumers and retailers. The author also discusses the role of the public sector in assisting these activities.
Approaches to the Circular Economy
Authors: Jones Peter , Bown Robin
Published: September 2019

The concept of the circular economy, which looks to reduce the demand for raw material inputs and natural resources and to recover, reuse, and recycle those inputs and resources as an integral part of the production process, is attracting increasing attention from business corporations. A transition to a more circular economy will bring major changes for consumers, in patterns of consumption and in the consumption process. At the same time, there is growing interest in the concept of the circular economy and in its implications for consumption amongst academic researchers. This chapter outlines the concept and characteristics of the circular economy, offers a review of the nature and variety of academic research literature on the circular economy, and explores some of the challenges facing researchers who look to examine its operation within the business environment. While the focus of the chapter is firmly on the circular economy, it also raises a number of issues that have wider and deeper significance for consumer consumption.
An Integrated, Multi-Agency, Consumer-focused, Safety Management Approach in the Sports Industry
Authors: Yiapanas George , Thrassou Alkis , Vrontis Demetris
Published: September 2019

Over the past decades, European football went through a large number of tragedies, mainly due to the absence of an integrated framework that could enable every involved agency to operate under specific safety procedures and laws. It is commonly perceived that disorder behaviour has adverse effects on football, minimising potential revenues and obliterating the consumer's experience. Football's unique structures involve a large number of agencies that need to constantly adopt specific safety approaches in order to create a sustainable environment and provide entertainment and pleasure to the consumers. The purpose of this chapter is to theoretically recognise the generic football safety management guidelines introduced by the European institutions over the years in order to minimise the problem and create a safe atmosphere for the consumers. In addition, the research will identify and decode the key actions taken by the authorities in Cyprus as a response to the problem in order to draw critical lessons both for and from the case study.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Loyalty Programs in the Retail Sector
Authors: Abdo Simona , Vrontis Demetris , El Nemar Sam , Arraj Jihan
Published: September 2019

Developing customer loyalty is a significant goal of marketing, and loyalty programs are the means through which practitioners can reach it. Keeping loyal customers is a vital aspect for their success and keeping current customers is cheaper than attracting new ones. Today, loyalty programs are playing an increasingly significant role in organizations' relationships with their customer base across a variety of industries. Towards this direction, the aim of this study was to examine how Lebanese consumers view rewards from loyalty programs and to what extent this reward is meaningful for them. This study is based on a survey among 225 customers that own a loyalty card, of some major retail stores in Lebanon. Based on the findings, key relevant points were obtained and used for further development of loyalty programs, which can be adapted to the consumption behaviour of the Lebanese consumer. Finally, the outcome of this research will help marketers to plan efficiently their marketing plan based on customer's perception toward the reward therefore increasing profits in retail markets.
Provisioning System for Application Virtualization Environments
Authors: Büyüktanır Tolga , Tüzün Hakan , Aktaş Mehmet S.
Published: September 2019

Monitoring application virtualization environments for auto-scaling purposes have become an important requirement in today's computing world. In this chapter, the authors introduce the design and implementation of resource monitoring and management software architecture for application virtualization environments. They also present a prototype application of the proposed architectures with details. They discuss the performance evaluation of prototype implementation. All the results were observed to be successful.
Mass Shootings as Terrorism in an Era of Homeland Security
Authors: McCormack Philip D. , Clarke Kaitlyn
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this chapter is to examine the nature and scope of mass shootings in the United States. These incidents are discussed with respect to the criteria by which they are classified as mass shootings by various academic sources and news outlets, their analogue to acts of terror, and the reluctance of state officials to classify ideological-motivated mass shootings as terrorism. This chapter examines the incidence of mass shootings with particularly attention paid to the characteristics of these events pre and post-9/11, as well as the media representation and statutory dictate of some as acts of domestic terrorism. Finally, the application of anti-terrorism legislation in response to mass shootings perpetrated by extremists is discussed.
Killers on Campus
Authors: Covington Michele W. , Woodard Tracey L.
Published: September 2019

More mass public shootings occur in the United States than anywhere else in the world, and these incidents occur in a variety of locations, including educational facilities. There is strong reason to separate elementary, middle, and high schools from institutes of higher education (such as colleges and universities) when studying mass school shootings. These incidents vary based on the type of school by the characteristics and motivations of the shooter as well as locational characteristics and appropriate prevention strategies. This chapter provides an overview of the differences between mass shootings at K-12 schools and those at IHEs. The authors also discuss the prevalence and characteristics of mass shootings at IHEs and introduce several prevention policies, along with relevant proposed and current legislation.
Law Enforcement's Response to Mass Shootings and Multiple Victim Violence
Authors: Barone Peter Arthur
Published: September 2019

This chapter addresses various methods used by law enforcement to examine mass shootings. It reviews the fact that there is not one consistent definition of mass shootings, and that lacking this definition it makes it a true challenge to identify events that are mass shootings for assessment and analysis. It further discusses the fact that the inability to consistently obtain, assess, analyze, and glean necessary information leading to the understanding of the mindset of mass murders results from the lack of a clear and totally accepted definition of mass shootings. The chapter specifically discusses and examines several methods used by law enforcement in their attempt to prevent and respond to mass shootings. The chapter also provides an understanding that law enforcement must rely on a multiplicity of entities to assist them in trying to prevent and responding to mass shootings to include everyday citizens.
Gun Ownership and Gun Purchasing
Authors: Wallace Lacey Nicole
Published: September 2019

Much of the debate over mass shootings has centered on the broader topics of gun ownership and gun purchase. This chapter details what is currently known and unknown about gun ownership in the U.S., including why individuals choose to own guns and the demographics of gun owners. While the focus is on adults, this chapter also touches on the reasons juveniles may opt to carry or possess guns. This chapter further addresses mass shootings by examining how mass shootings affect gun purchase and gun ownership patterns when they occur. The sources and types of guns used in mass shootings are also discussed. Lastly, the chapter highlights several efforts to restrict gun purchasing, all aimed at reducing the number of mass shootings that occur in the U.S. Throughout the chapter, specific, real-life examples are used to provide context for discussion. Examples of laws and policies at the state and federal level are provided as additional context.
State-Level Policy Response to Mass Shootings
Authors: McNeal Ramona Sue , Schmeida Mary , Bryan Lisa Dotterweich , Kunkle Susan M.
Published: September 2019

Recent mass shootings including Charleston, SC; Chattanooga, TN; Chardon, OH; Virginia Tech in Blacksburg, VA; and San Bernardino, California, have resulted in public outcry for action. Nevertheless, the response at the state level following these events has varied significantly, with some states loosening gun restrictions and others adopting a variety of gun safety policies ranging from private-sale background checks to extreme risk protection orders. Why has the state-level response varied so significantly? In exploring this question, this chapter examines the influence of state-level factors on current gun control legislation. This chapter explores the level of legislative action concerning the update and/or pass new laws for the years, 2009 through 2017. Pooled cross-sectional time series data that controls for variation between states and over time is used.
The Chardon, Ohio High School Shooting
Authors: Richards George E.
Published: September 2019

On February 27, 2012, at approximately 7:30 am, three students were killed due to injuries sustained during a mass shooting at Chardon High School, Chardon, Ohio. Three others were injured with one being permanently paralyzed by shooter Thomas Lane III. This chapter is an examination of the Chardon, Ohio High School shooting with a focus on the tertiary victimization (i.e., friends or family, not involved in/did not witness event, but may be negatively affected) of those removed from the primary event.
The Impact of Universities on Regional Competitiveness
Authors: Teixeira Aurora Amélia Castro , Oliveira Ana , Daniel Ana Dias , Torres Preto Miguel , Brás Gonçalo Rodrigues , Rodrigues Carlos
Published: September 2019

This chapter presents an in-depth critical overview of the theoretical and methodological approaches that have been used to assess the impact of Universities on regional competitiveness and development, including short-term/demand-side (economic) perspective and long-term/supply side (endogenous growth, technological transfer and commercialization, and institutional) perspective. It gives special attention to the potential impacts of universities' technology transfer and entrepreneurship activities on regional competitiveness, considering the ongoing transformation process of universities towards a ‘regional engaged entrepreneurial university' model.
The Entrepreneurial Dimensions of Transnational Education
Authors: Eatmon Thomas D. , Granger Rachel , Abrantes Bruno F. , Forsberg Charlotte
Published: September 2019

Transnational education is a growing trend in higher education that decouples learning from the location of the awarding institution. However, few studies of entrepreneurial universities have considered entrepreneurial universities in the context of the changing geographic landscape of education. This chapter examines the entrepreneurial dimensions of transnational education using empirical evidence from a transnational partnership between De Montfort University and Niels Brock Copenhagen Business College. The authors conclude that the commercialization of knowledge through transnational education requires processes and interactions that foster regional development and thus have implications for social and economic development.
Improvement of the Level Service on a Hospital Warehouse Using Forecast Techniques
Authors: Martínez-Sánchez Paloma María Teresa , Fajardo-Toro Carlos Hernán Hernán , Maruyama Úrsula Gomes Rosa , Sánchez Sánchez Paola Andrea
Published: September 2019

This article presents a study case focused on the establishment and improvement of the service level in a central warehouse of a hospital organization in Colombia which provide the products of medical use, clothing, anesthetics, and supplies, to nineteen medical dependencies. The warehouse is managed by a person, developing planning processes, purchases, reception, and administration of products or inventories who depends on the administrative and financial sub-direction of the institution. Through the use of interviews and surveys conducted at different dependencies. As well as the collection of information in the field, there were problems with the availability of products due to problems related to planning purchases which are done empirically without data analysis. Taking into account the problematic previously raised, we took different models of predictions as well as the use of the Mean Squared Error (MSE) and the accuracy of predictions to determine the best model according to with the product analyzed.
A Review on Optimization Modeling of Hybrid Energy Systems
Authors: Mallek Marwa , Euchi Jalel , Jerbi Yacin
Published: September 2019

Hybrid energy systems (HESs) are an excellent solution for electrification of remote rural areas where the grid extension is difficult or not economical. Usually, HES generally integrate one or several renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, hydropower, and geothermal with fossil fuel powered diesel/petrol generator to provide electric power where the electricity is either fed directly into the grid or to batteries for energy storage. This chapter presents a review on the solution approaches for determining the HES systems based on various objective functions (e.g. economic, social, technical, environmental and health impact). In order to take account of environmental and health impacts from energy systems, several energy optimization model was developed for minimizing pollution and maximizing the production of renewable energy.
Optimization Approaches for a Home Healthcare Routing and Scheduling Problem
Authors: Rivera Juan Carlos , Zapata Victoria J.
Published: September 2019

Welfare community projects, mainly related to health care, are essential for the development of societies. For this reason, the optimization of its resources through methodologies that support decision making becomes of interest for all stakeholders in order to reach the target users. In Colombia, particularly in the city of Medellin, several social projects are being developed seeking to provide health and other social services to vulnerable populations. The purpose of this chapter is to deal with a real application of the home health care routing and scheduling problem (HHCRSP), in which a set of health professionals grouped by teams should visit a set of users geographically scatter over the city. Here, it is proposed a mixed integer linear model and a heuristic solution approach. The mathematical model is based on vehicle routing problem with pickups and deliveries (VRPPD) with additional features related with the specific application and geographical conditions.
Who Are More Active and Influential on Twitter?
Authors: Aldarbesti Hassan , Deng Huijing , Sutanto Juliana , Wei Chee
Published: September 2019

Twitter is an emerging form of news media with a wide spectrum of participants involving in news dissemination. Owing to their open and interactive nature, individuals, non-media, and non-commercial participants may play a greater role on this platform; thus, it is deemed to disrupt conventional media structures and introduce new ways of information flow. While this may be true in certain aspects in news dissemination such as allowing a broader range of participants, the authors' analysis of the involvement and influence of the different participant types, based on a large tweets dataset collected during the Ukraine's conflict event (2013-2014), portrays a different picture. Specifically, the results unveil that while non-commercial participants were the most “involved” in generating tweets about the news event, the retweets they attracted, a common measure of influence, were among the lowest. In contrast, mass media and sources related to journalists, professional associations and commercial organizations garnered the highest retweets.