bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOUND ABSORPTION PROPERTIES OF RECYCLED POLYESTER FIBROUS ASSEMBLY ABSORBERS
Authors: Lee Youneung , Joo Changwhan
Published: December 2023

Sound absorption materials are generally classified into three types, porous, resonator, and panel. All of these three types are based on the theory of energy transforming from sound energy to thermal energy. In this paper, we examined the sound absorption coefficient of recycled polyester nonwovens for the purpose of substituting the conventionally used materials such as glasswool and rockwool. The use of recycled polyester nonwovens has many advantages compared to conventional sound absorbers, including reduced product cost, good handling, and environmental protection. The sound absorption coefficient of the recycled polyester nonwovens was determined by a two-microphone impedance measurement tube; the determination of the noise absorption coefficient is nothing more than the absorption energy rate of the material against the incidence energy. We have determined the relationship between the acoustic absorption values measured and the nonwoven parameters including fibre properties and web properties.
END BREAKAGE IN ROTOR SPINNING: EFFECT OF DIFFERENT VARIABLES ON COTTON YARN END BREAKAGE
Authors: Das Apurba , Ishtiaque Saiyed Muzaffar
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The end breakage in rotor spinning not only reduces the running efficiency of the
process, but also deteriorates the quality of the yarn in terms of presence of piecing
slubs. A new system has been proposed to classify the end breaks in rotor spinning
broadly into seven groups, depending on the configuration of broken ends. By examining
the broken end, the probable causes of breakage can be predicted and necessary
preventive action can be taken. The rate of end breakage and the proportion of different
types of breakages vary with different process variables like yarn count, rotor speed,
opening roller speed and residual trash content in draw frame sliver.
TWISTING OF MULTI-FOLDED YARNS AND THREADS MANUFACTURED BY MEANS OF NEW SPINNING TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Rosiak Dominika , Przybył Krystyna
Published: December 2023

Abstract

This paper includes an analysis of the properties of multi-folded yarns and threads
manufactured by means of various spinning technologies, and an analysis of its twisting
processes. Considerations related to the influence of twist value of the component fibre
streams on the twist value of multi-folded threads, and the influence of the twist value of
yarns and multi-folded threads on their processing throughput, are also presented.
Studies on keratin/cellulose films from cuprammonium solution
Authors: Tonin C. , Freddi G. , Aluigi A. , Innocenti R. , Vineis C.
Published: December 2023

This work deals with the preparation and characterisation of keratin/cellulose films prepared by coagulating polymers blends from cuprammonium solution. Films were obtained by blending keratin extracted from wool by m-bisulphite/urea solution and cellulose in several proportions. The molecular weight distributions of extracted and regenerated protein were studied by gel-electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE); the chemical structure and molecular conformation were investigated by FT-IR spectroscopy; the surface morphology of the films was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
INDUSTRIAL EXPERIMENTATION ON HANK-DYEING: MODELLING EQUIPMENT AND WATER ECONOMISATION DURING RINSING
Authors: Rovero Giorgio , Cignolo Sergio , Banchero Mauro , Ferrero Franco
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The hydrodynamics of a dyeing machine affects the exchange mechanisms between a
textile material and the liquid medium to a large extent. Namely, the transfer of dyes and
chemicals from the dyeing liquor and the release of non-bonded substances during
subsequent rinsing steps can be altered by relative movement between phases. Such
aspects have not been investigated thoroughly, although the typical approach of chemical
engineering can offer a relevant contribution in this view. As a practical result, important
benefits may follow in various operations of the dyeing process, aimed at optimising the
equipment use or saving resources, in particular water. The attention of this study was
focused on hank-dyeing machinery, since this production demands a considerable
amount of water due to the large liquor ratios. The experimental study was carried out at
a textile industry facility by operating on two units of equipment at significantly different
scales. The rinsing operation was monitored by sampling the liquid at several positions
along the vertical direction of the liquor: colour, conductivity and other chemical properties
were measured in order to devise an optimal production policy aimed at saving water.
A mathematical model of the equipment, based on a simple hydrodynamic hypothesis
and proper mass balances, was proposed, and its outputs were compared with the
experimental results. Both practical considerations and the theoretical analysis suggest
that water requirement during rinsing can be halved by modifying the procedure without
affecting the final quality of products.
NUMERICAL IDENTIFICATION OF ELASTICITY COEFFICIENTS FOR THE BENDING PROBLEM
Authors: Szablewski Piotr
Published: December 2023

Abstract

A test for identifying elasticity coefficients for the bending problem is discussed. Bending
is a problem of flat textiles, and its existence is demonstrated by experimental material on
the basis of coordinates of a bent sample. In this paper, we propose another usage of
Peirce.s cantilever test for determining the relationship between bending moment and
curvature. Measuring error was taken into consideration during analysis. The results of
calculation have been limited to the relationship between bending moment and curvature
mainly of the second-degree, but in this way the relationships of a higher degree can be
examined. For the analysis a special computer program was developed, which can
calculate the coordinates of a bent sample on the basis of an image saved as a .bmp file
(bitmap).
REDUCING YARN HAIRINESS IN WINDING BY MEANS OF JETS: OPTIMISATION OF JET PARAMETERS, YARN LINEAR DENSITY AND WINDING SPEED
Authors: Rengasamy R. S. , Kothari V. K. , Patnaik Asis , Ghosh Anindya , Punekar H.
Published: December 2023

Reducing yarn hairiness during yarn winding by the use of air jets is a new approach, since the production rate of winding is very high and the process itself increases yarn hairiness. The Box & Behnken factorial design approach has been used to optimise the jet angle, the jet diameter, yarn linear density and the winding speed in order to reduce the yarn hairiness. A jet angle of 450, a jet diameter of 2.2 mm, 10 tex yarn and a winding speed of 800 m/min give the optimal results in terms of reducing the hairiness. A CFD (computational fluid dynamics) model has been developed to simulate the airflow pattern inside the jets with the use of Fluent 6.1 software. The air velocity around the core of the jet is the influencing factor in wrapping the hairs on the yarn body.
VOLUME POROSITY AND PERMEABILITY IN DOUBLE-LAYER WOVEN FABRICS
Authors: Elnashar E. A.
Published: December 2023

Clothing for garments is designed to meet both the safety and the comfort of human beings. Porosity is considered to be one of the basic features representing a textile structure. The properties of fabrics were analyzed by determining the efficiency of fabric porosity. The woven fabric multi-layer structure, the warp and weft densities, and the type of weave are factors of a woven fabric, which as porous material enables to transmit air, heat energy, and liquid perspiration. Several methods considering thread distributions have been developed to determine the woven fabric’s porosity. A mathematical model based on an ideal geometry of the porous structure of a multi-layer woven fabric has been developed.
STUDIES ON CORN STARCH FILLED POLY (STYRENE-CO-BUTYL ACRYLATE) LATEX REINFORCED POLYESTER NONWOVEN FABRIC COMPOSITES
Authors: Satheesh M. N. , Siddaramaiah
Published: December 2023

Poly (styrene-co-butyl acrylate) latex was prepared with a 70:30 weight ratio of styrene to butyl acrylate. Various weight percentages of cornstarch were incorporated into the prepared copolymer latex. Polyester nonwoven fabric reinforced-cornstarch-filled copolymer latex composites were manufactured by the impregnation method. The pickup ratio of latex to fabric was maintained at 3.2:1. The composites’ physico-mechanical properties, percent water absorption and percent thickness swelling were studied. The manufactured cornstarch-filled composites were evaluated for their ability to retain their shape after being moulded to the desired shape by measuring the percentage area, shape retention, hardness and resilience. It was observed that the manufactured thermoplastic composite specimens retained or increased their mechanical properties up to 20 wt% cornstarch loading.
EVALUATING THE TOXICITY OF REACTIVE DYES AND FABRICS WITH THE SPERMATOZOA MOTILITY INHIBITION TEST
Authors: Klemola Kaisa , Honkalampi-Hämäläinen Ulla , Liesivuori Jyrki , Pearson John , Lindström-Seppä Pirjo
Published: December 2023

In this study, the toxicity of reactive dyes and dyed fabrics was investigated using spermatozoa cells in vitro. Boar semen was exposed to different concentrations of monochlorotriazinyl dyes: yellow, red and blue. The spermatozoa cells were also exposed to extracts of dyed fabrics. After 24 and 72 hours respectively, the viability of the cells was evaluated by microscopy. The mean inhibitor concentrations IC50, showing the concentration of the dye when half of the cells are dead compared to the control sample, were calculated from the viability values. After 24 hours’ exposure, the IC50 value calculated for the yellow dye was 135μg/ml, and after 72 hours 60μg/ml. The IC50 value for the red dye was 124μg/ml after 24 hours, and 46μg/ml after 72 hours. The IC50 value for the blue dye after 24 hours was 127μg/ml. After 72 hours, the blue dye caused high toxicity: more than half the cells were dead. Cotton fabrics dyed using these three reactive dyestuffs were extracted by water and analysed by the spermatozoa motility inhibition test. The viability of the cells when exposed to fabric extracts was good. However, after 72 hours’ exposure, the standard deviation and coefficient of variation values for cell viability of fabric extracts were large. The spermatozoa inhibition test indicated the toxicity of pure dyes, the dyed fabrics having no adverse effects. The spermatozoa test seems to be useful when screening different substances and when used in addition to other tests. The spermatozoa motility inhibition test can be used for textile material studies.
INFLUENCE OF UV RADIATION ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYAMIDE AND POLYPROPYLENE FIBRES IN ASPECT OF THEIR RESTRUCTURING
Authors: Lipp-Symonowicz Barbara , Sztajnowski Sławomir , Kardas Iwona
Published: December 2023

Abstract

An attempt has been undertaken to assess the effect of UV radiation on the structure of
polyamide and polypropylene fibres, which are characterised by various macroscopic
features, colours and additives. Based on the measurements we performed, we were
able to conclude that UV radiation under the exposure conditions used brings about
changes in both the fibre structure and mechanical properties. The extent of these
changes is clearly dependent on the initial fibre structure, added modifiers and
macroscopic features.
PREDICTING FABRIC WEIGHT PER UNIT AREA OF SINGLE- AND DOUBLE-KNITTED STRUCTURES USING APPROPRIATE SOFTWARE
Authors: Gravas E. , Kiekens P. , Langenhove L. van
Published: December 2023

Abstract

This project deals with the prediction of knitted fabric weight per unit area using
appropriate software called proKNIT. This software has been designed according to the
existing literature, and can determine the weight of knitted fabrics in different relaxing
conditions by entering process and material variables, such as the type of fabric and
fibre, knitting machine gauge, yarn count, fabric loop length and tightness factor. The
prediction of the fabric weight is dependent upon the dimensional parameters of Kc, Kw, Ks
and R, which have been entered into the system. Therefore, proKNIT can calculate the
fabric weight of single- and double-knitted structures, i.e. plain-knit, purl, 1×1 rib, 2×2 rib
and interlock, for natural fibres such as cotton/cotton blends and wool/wool blends.
A STUDY ON SPINNING LIMITS AND YARN PROPERTIES WITH PROGRESSIVE CHANGE IN YARN COUNT IN FRICTION SPINNING
Authors: Sinha S. K. , Chattopadhyay R.
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The spinning limit for three different fibres (cotton, viscose rayon and polyester) on a
Dref-3 friction spinning machine has been investigated. The change in yarn properties
with progressive change in count has also been reported. The count range has been
seen to be dependent on fibre type. As one progresses from very coarse to fine counts,
the yarn tensile property remain fairly unaltered for cotton, but changes for polyester and
viscose yarns.
PREDICTION OF FABRIC COMPRESSIVE PROPERTIES USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Gurumurthy B. R.
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Data analysis relating to a fabric’s compression properties can only be carried out when
the limits of compression are known. The study of the compressibility of woven fabrics
was initiated with Peirce, Kemp & Hamilton’s approach to circular yarns and flattened
yarns of a fabric under pressure. The fit of the pressure-thickness relationship is being
improved using the exponential interpolation & extrapolation methods, as well as iterative
methods such as the Marquardt algorithm for fitting the curves. Although there is a recent
trend towards the automation of studying the structure-property relationship of textile
fabrics, an objective and efficient method for predicting properties with a rapid prototype
that outputs to sophisticated instruments such as the KES-FB3 is essential. This
characterisation of data for fabric materials will help maintain companies’ commercial
experience and expertise. This established predicting model can provide guidance to
fabric manufacturers, fashion designers and ?[makers-up] in fabric design, fabric
selection and the proper use of fabrics. This approach will make online fabric sourcing
more realistic. Fabric sourcing experts are now visiting supplier’s websites for tracking
fabrics. Overall, this approach provides an opportunity to generate a dynamic database of
fabric properties, and hence may result in the development of new fabrics or the updating
of existing fabrics to keep pace with fashion.
DETECTING THE FAULT FROM SPECTROGRAMS BY USING GENETIC ALGORITHM TECHNIQUES
Authors: Amin A. E. , El-Geheni A. S. , El-Hawary I. A. , El-Beali R. A.
Published: December 2023

During the last thirty years there has been a rapidly growing interest in the field of genetic algorithms (GAs). The field is at a stage of tremendous growth, as evidenced by the increasing number of conferences, workshops, and papers concerning it, as well as the emergence of a central journal for the field. With their great robustness, genetic algorithms have proven to be a promising technique for many optimisation, design, control, and machine learning applications. This paper presents a new technique for detecting the source of fault in spinning mills from spectrograms by using genetic algorithm.
NEW APPROACH TO A THEORETICAL STUDY OF SOME OF THE PARAMETERS IN THE KNITTING PROCESS, AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON KNIT-FABRIC STITCH DENSITY
Authors: Charalambus A.
Published: December 2023

This paper proves relations, which concern the structure of knitted fabric by using a simple geometrical model. In addition, a series of graphics are made which allow fast, simple and effective analysis of the relations between some of the parameters of the knitting process and these of the ready-knit fabric. The quantity ‘relative geometrical prolongation of the thread length in the stitch’, introduced by me plays a significant role in this study. The relations given below allow the machine gauge to be defined; this helps to produce knit fabric with precisely calculated density by choosing appropriate values for the thread’s sinking depth and acceptable average geometrical prolongation.
GRAFTING MMA ONTO FLAX UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF MICROWAVE RADIATION AND THE USE OF FLAX-g-POLY(MMA) IN PREPARING PF COMPOSITES
Authors: Singh Kaith Balbir , Singh Singha Amar , Kalia Susheel
Published: December 2023

This paper deals with the graft co-polymerisation of methylmethacrylate (MMA) onto flax fibre under the influence of microwave radiation (MWR). The graft co-polymers are characterised by FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal analysis (TGA/DTA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Graft co-polymers are subjected to the evaluation of some physical, chemical and mechanical properties. Graft co-polymers thus prepared are used in the preparation of phenol-formaldehyde composites. Wear resistance, tensile strength and compressive strength of composites are measured, and it is found that composites reinforced with flax-g-poly(MMA) showed better mechanical properties in comparison to composites reinforced with raw flax.
EVALUATING THE TOXICITY OF REACTIVE DYES AND DYED FABRICS WITH THE HaCaT CYTOTOXICITY TEST
Authors: Klemola Kaisa , Pearson John , Lindstrom-Seppä Pirjo
Published: December 2023

Abstract

We investigated the cytotoxicity of reactive dyes and dyed fabrics using human
keratinocyte HaCaT cells in vitro. The HaCaT cells were exposed to three
monochlortriazinyl dyes: yellow, red and blue with different concentrations. The HaCaT
cells were also exposed to water extracts of dyed fabrics. After 72 hours exposure, the
protein contents of the samples compared to the protein contents of non-exposed cells
were measured. The level of protein content indicates the viability of the cells. The mean
inhibitory concentration values (IC50) showed the dye concentration when the protein
content of the sample was 50% of the protein content of the non-exposed cells. The
mean inhibitory concentration values (IC20) when the protein content of the samples was
80% were also measured. The IC20 values show the limiting value of toxicity. The IC50
values show whether samples are clearly toxic. The IC50 value for the yellow dye was
237μg/ml and the IC20 value was 78μg/ml. The IC50 for the red dye was 155μg/ml: the
red dye caused adverse effects under the lowest dye concentration (28μg/ml). The IC50
value for the blue dye was 278μg/ml and the IC20 value was 112μg/ml. Cotton fabrics
dyed using these same three reactive dyes were extracted with water and the extracts
were analysed using the HaCaT cell line. The viability of the cells was good, the protein
content of the samples being over 80% compared to the non-exposed cells. The HaCaT
cell test indicated the toxicity of pure dyes; the dyed fabrics had no adverse effect. The
human keratinocyte HaCaT cells seem to be a useful tool for the study of the
purity/toxicity of dyes and other substances applied to textiles.
FORMABILITY OF WEFT-KNITTED FABRICS ON A HEMISPHERE
Authors: Hu Hong , Zhong Tianmei
Published: December 2023

Abstract

In this paper, the formability of weft-knitted fabrics produced with glass filaments on an
electronic flat knitting machine is experimentally investigated. A simple method used for the
analysis of formability is proposed. Cutting patterns for different structures are given and
the variation trends of the areas and fiber volume fractions are analyzed. The results show
that due to their loop structures weft-knitted structures can easily be deformed to fit a
hemisphere surface without the formation of wrinkling.
BEDDING TEXTILES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THERMAL COMFORT AND SLEEP
Authors: Amrit Usha Rashmi
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Human comfort perceptions in relation to textiles are influenced by tactile perceptions,
moisture and thermal interactions. Studies in the thermal comfort of clothing have been
done with instrumental techniques as well as with human subjects. There have also been
many studies on influence of thermal comfort and sleep. This paper brings together some
specific aspects of bedding textiles and their influence on thermal comfort and sleep.
RFID TECHNOLOGY IN THETEXTILE INDUSTRY
Authors: Barburski Marcin , Czekalski Bartlomiej , Snycerski Marek
Published: December 2023

RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is a wireless communication technology that is used in physical markers (RFID tags) to mark products. RFID is being increasingly applied in everyday life and thus is competing with widely used bar codes. RFID technology can be used to build systems aimed at automatic identification of tagged objects. In production- commerce plants in the textile sector it can enable strict control over both production and storage/sale processes. The best thing about RFID technology is that it is functional, with no need to 'see' the tag by the interrogator. When a tagged object enters the reading zone of an interrogator, the interrogator signals the tag to transmit its stored data to the controller via radio waves. Unlike bar codes technology, RFID can be much more effective in the process of production and storage of certain objects. Undoubtedly, both production and commerce companies in the textile branch will significantly benefit from RFID applications.
INFLUENCE OF CORE COMPONENT ON THE PROPERTIES OF FRICTION SPUN YARNS
Authors: N. Anbumani , C. Rameshkumar , P. Anandkumar , Kavinmurugan P. , Manojkumar B.
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Friction (DREF II) spinning system is one of the promising spinning methods to produce yarns for technical textile applications. The core positioned exactly center and the spinning tension will be very less compare to ring and rotor spinning systems. In an experimental study to produce 6's Ne core spun yarns in DREF II spinning machine, the polyester /viscose (70/30%) sliver was used as sheath component and drawn polyester filaments (150 denier/36) were used as core component. Yarns were produced with the different core/sheath components (0/100%, 16/84%, 30/70%, 50/50% and 70/30% respectively).Friction ratio was kept at 3.33 and the feed rate was changed to produce above 6's Ne core spun yarns. Core spun yarns found that more even and high modulus than the parent friction spun yarn. The filament-core in the yarn appeared to have twisted configuration. The direction and level of twist was difficult to ascertain in these yarns. High core component yarns were found less hairy. S3 values of the yarn found minimum with increment in the core proportion in the yarn. Sheath strength contribution was analyzed with respect to the core filaments and found that the less core proportion yarns have high contribution to the tenacity.
OPTIMISATION OF THE BEHAVIOUR OF SIZED WET SPLICED YARNS
Authors: Jaouachi B. , Hassen M. Ben , Sakli F.
Published: December 2023

Abstract

This work presents the contribution of optimisation analysis of the performance of wet pneumatic spliced cotton
yarns using two different methods: the superimposed contours method and the function of desirability. Cotton
yarn linear density (Yc), length of splice (SL), duration of water joining (Dwj) and duration of air joining (Daj) were
optimised in the experimental field of interest. In this study regression equations expressing multi-component
splice mechanical performances were elaborated by using the response surface method. In order to validate
the results, a desirability function, multi-objective technique was used to select optimal parameter zones which
give high splice behaviour. The results show that there are zones of compromise where wet pneumatic splice
behaves better before weaving. In this work, the spliced yarn performance was optimised.
LOW VELOCITY IMPACT OF COMPOSITE CROP STRAW PANELS
Authors: Abou-Taleb Hemdan , Sakr Aly
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The shock behaviour of crop straw reinforced composites with unsaturated polyester epoxy was studied. In this
research an attempt has been made to design and manufacture protective composite vests for soldiers. The low
velocity impact loading was generated by a drop weight impact machine with drop heights varying from 100 to
200 mm. The drop mass used in these experiments was 15 kg. The shock-absorbing capacity of the vests was
found to be strongly affected by straw type, straw weight percentage per unit volume of composite panel (the
permanent composite volume of the panel is equal to 434.2 cm3), and broken short rounded straight steel wire
to straw weight ratio. This research concerns the evaluation of all the low velocity drop weight test parameters
such as peak dynamic force, duration time, and impulse due to free falling of drop mass at different impact
energies: 1.5, 2.25, and 3 J. In addition, indentation parameters such as contact force and absorbed energy
could be evaluated. Mathematical models describing these parameters are presented in a form that can be
easily predicted. The predicted shock-absorbing capacity shows good agreement with the experimental results.
In addition, the optimum tailoring variables affecting the shock-absorbing performance of the composite vest
system could be determined.
IMAGES OF CORONA DISCHARGES IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES AS A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS FOR RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF TEXTILES ON IMAGES OF CORONA DISCHARGES IN TEXTILES' USERS
Authors: Ciesielska - Wróbel Izabela Luiza , Szadkowska Iwona , Masajtis Józef , Goch Jan Henryk
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess changes in images of corona discharges (ICD) in patients with
cardiovascular diseases A corona discharge is an electrical discharge brought on by gases surrounding a
conductor - animate or inanimate objects.
Methods: The study population of 126 persons (81 men and 45 women) was divided into two groups: the study
group consisted of 96 patients with coronary heart disease and the control group composed of 30 healthy
persons. The study methods included recording of corona discharges of fingertips of both hands by using the
Gas Discharge Visualization (GDV) Camera and analyzing changes in images of corona discharges dependent
on conditions of medical examinations of patients, their frame of mind, age, gender, heart rate, blood pressure,
serum potassium concentration, and the course of coronary heart disease.
Results: Age, gender, temperature in examination rooms as well as frame of mind of the study population
exerted a similar effect on ICD in both groups. Heart rate, blood pressure and the pattern of coronary heart
disease exerted varied effects on the patients' ICD parameters in the study group.
Conclusions: The analysis of changes in ICD may be a source of information about the effect of physiological
and pathophysiological changes in the human health state, physical as well as mental.
COMPARISON BETWEEN MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FABRICS WOVEN FROM COMPACT AND RING SPUN YARNS
Authors: Almetwally Alsaid. A. , Salem Mona. M.
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Due to the elimination of spinning triangle in compact spun yarns, its mechanical and physical properties differ
significantly from ring spun yarns. The difference between the two spun yarns is reflected in the properties of
fabrics woven from both. This study is aimed to compare the mechanical properties of fabrics which are produced
from yarns spun from 100% Egyptian cotton, Giza 86 on these systems. Statistical analysis revealed that there
is no significant difference between both type of fabrics regarding tear strength and abrasion resistance. But in
relation to tensile strength, air permeability and stiffness, compact fabrics were superior to ring fabrics.
SOL-GEL-DERIVED INORGANIC-ORGANIC HYBRID POLYMERS FILLED WITH ZNO NANOPARTICLES AS AN ULTRAVIOLET PROTECTION FINISH FOR TEXTILES
Authors: Farouk Asmaa , Textor Torsten , Schollmeyer Eckhard , Tarbuk Anita , Grancacic Ana Marija
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Despite the beneficial effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on the skin, radiation can cause sunburn, skin aging,
allergies and even skin cancer. Textiles can provide effective protection against such damage. Unlike cosmetics,
using textiles to protect the skin has only recently been researched. The design and modification of fabrics
leading to a high protection against UV radiation is a relatively new application. It is important to consider the
kinds of textiles to be used because most of the garments worn during summer, the time of highest exposure,
are light and colourless materials that provide the lowest protection. Here, we report the synthesis and
characterisation of nanosized zinc oxide particles known to absorb UV light. Sol-gel-based inorganic-organic
hybrid polymers were modified with these particles and applied to cellulosic cotton (100%) and cotton/polyester
(65/35%) fabrics. These modified inorganic-organic hybrids polymers were based on 3-GPTMS. The complete
finishing sol prepared in this work has a marked long stability. The effectiveness of the novel finishing was
determined by UV-visible spectroscopy to evaluate the UV protection factor. The influences of the finishing for
general textile properties such as tensile strength, elongation, air permeability, degree of whiteness, wear
resistance, stiffness and the durability of the treatments were investigated.
APPLICATIONS OF b -CYCLODEXTRINS IN TEXTILES
Authors: Bhaskara-Amrit Usha Rashmi , Agrawal Pramod B. , Warmoeskerken Marijn M.C.G.
Published: December 2023

Abstract

In this paper, the general features ofb-cyclodextrin and their applications in the textile industry have been
reviewed. The use ofb-cyclodextrin in the textile industry is of great significance due to its wide range of application.
One of the key aspects is the attachment technique ofb-cyclodextrin to the textile's surface. This review deals
with this in depth. Some quantification and characterization methods of Textile-b-cyclodextrin are discussed. In
the last few years, the new direction in textile research is the functionalisation of textile systems. It is believed that b-cyclodextrin will play a very important role in these new developments.b-cyclodextrin can act as a host for
various guest molecules. This enables the development of fabrics that release chemical compounds such as
fragrances and antimicrobial agents. It is concluded that there are many possibilities for the development of new
textile products with advanced properties based onb-cyclodextrin.
Globalization and the Miracle of Shenzhen: From Localizing the Global to Globalizing the Local
Authors: Feng Lihui
Published: December 2023

The phenomenal rise of Shenzhen, a newly emergent city where the number of non-registered residents far exceeds that of registered ones, has been closely associated with a complex and dynamic interplay between the process of globalization, which has enabled Shenzhen’s incredible transformation from an impoverished fishing village to a leading global metropolis, and the forces of localization, which have compelled Shenzhen to take its own distinct circumstances into consideration. The miracle of Shenzhen can be construed not only as an iconic embodiment of China’s process of modernization and globalization since reform and opening-up, but also as a local attempt to reconstruct an alternative modernity with Chinese characteristics in the homogenizing context of globalization. To elucidate how Shenzhen has played a leading role both in promoting China’s integration into the global system and in demonstrating the uniqueness of China’s development in the age of globalization, this article makes a careful exploration of Shenzhen’s process of modern centralization and postmodern decentralization over the past several decades. While modernizing and centralizing itself in the global context, Shenzhen also tries to reconstruct an alternative modernity with concrete Chinese practices, which has not only led to the emergence of multiple centers in China but also undermined the singular and fixed meaning of global modernity by deterritorializing its narrow domain and expanding its restricted reference with specific Chinese practices.
System Relevance and Firm Performance Due to COVID-19
Authors: Böhm Michael J. , Qendrai Pamela
Published: December 2023

We study the impact of COVID-19 on firm performance. Using financial accounts of a large number of German firms, we document that industry affiliation is an important economic dimension of the crisis. Motivated by this fact, we analyze an important industry-specific regulation, system relevance, which allows businesses to remain open in times of lockdown and other restrictions. A difference-in-differences estimation strategy shows that relative revenues of system-relevant firms increase by 6–9 percent and profits by 17–25 percent due to COVID. Controlling for channels that are arguably not driven by the system-relevance regulation, the impact on revenues decreases but remains significant. Overall, results indicate that regulations affecting the ability to operate as well as industry-level shocks play important roles for firm performance during a pandemic-induced crisis.
miR-29 regulates metabolism by inhibiting JNK-1 expression in non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and NAFLD
Authors: Lu Fangdong , Gong Huaping , Duan Linhai , Yan Yuan , Chen Long , Peng Pei , Zhang Qiaoan , Song Wenrong , Li Jia
Published: December 2023

Previous studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of a variety of metabolic diseases, which related to some important signal pathways. Our aim was to explore the possible mechanism of miRNAs by revealing the differential expression of serum miRNAs in different BMI of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We found that miR-29 decreased liver aminotransferase gamma-GGT and uric acid levels by inhibiting the expression of JNK-1 in non-obese T2DM patients with NAFLD, and down-regulated the expression of atherosclerosis-related factor lipoprotein phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2). Combined with bioinformatics analysis, we speculate that this may be mediated by the AMPK signaling. These findings suggest that miR-29 may be a potential targeted therapeutic strategy in T2DM patients with NAFLD.
AQP1 as a novel biomarker to predict prognosis and tumor immunity in glioma patients
Authors: Gao Xiang , Jiang Wenqu , Zhu Guofeng , Xing Zelong , Zhu Pengbo , Ke Zunliang , Huang Qiwei
Published: December 2023

Background

Glioma is a kind of nervous system cancer with a low overall survival rate. Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) is linked to a number of cancers. Its prognostic relevance and immunological consequences in gliomas, however, are unclear.

Objectives

Our objective was to thoroughly examine the modified expression of AQP1, its prognostic significance, and its correlation with immune cells and markers to discover innovative molecular immunotherapy strategies for glioma patients.

Methods

RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were used. In addition, we used real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western Blot methods to monitor AQP1 expression in glioma tissues.

Results

AQP1 expression was greater in gliomas than in traumatized brain tissues. The increased AQP1 expression in gliomas was additionally confirmed through immunohistochemical analysis in the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) repository. An elevated level of AQP1 expression was identified as a separate determinant of the overall survival (OS) and prognosis of individuals with glioma. AQP1 expression was shown to be tightly linked to the tumor immune milieu, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and temozolomide drug reaction. In conclusion, the 50 genes that show coexpression with AQP1 indicate that the predominant functions and pathways are related to anterior pattern specification, pattern specification, regionalization, high-density lipoprotein particles, protein–lipid complexes, glycosaminoglycan binding, DNA-binding transcription repressor specific activation to RNA polymerase II, DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, nitrogen metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, and fat digestion and absorption.

Conclusions

The results indicate that AQP1 could serve as both a predictive marker and a potential treatment target in glioma.
Heat transfer performance of magnetohydrodynamic multiphase nanofluid flow of Cu–Al2O3/H2O over a stretching cylinder
Authors: Alshehry Azzh Saad , Yasmin Humaira , Ganie Abdul Hamid , Shah Rasool
Published: December 2023

This study examines the heat transfer properties of a recently created hybrid nanofluid in contrast to a traditional nanofluid. The aim is to improve the transfer of heat in the flow of the boundary layer by employing this novel hybrid nanofluid. Our study investigates the impact of the Lorentz force on a three-dimensional stretched surface. We utilize a new model that incorporates thermo-physical factors. A quantitative parametric study is performed to investigate the influence of different physical parameters, enabling meaningful comparisons. The results demonstrate that the hybrid nanofluid exhibits a higher heat transfer rate compared to the conventional fluid, even in the presence of a magnetic field. Moreover, the efficiency of heat transfer can be enhanced by modifying the concentration of nanoparticles in the hybrid nanofluid.
A homotopy perturbation method with Elzaki transformation for solving the fractional Biswas–Milovic model
Authors: Alshehry Azzh Saad , Yasmin Humaira , Shah Rasool
Published: December 2023

In this research, we use the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) combined with the Elzaki transform to investigate the fractional Biswas–Milovic equation (BME) within the framework of the Caputo operator. The fractional BME is a significant mathematical model with applications in various scientific and engineering fields, including physics, biology, and chemistry. However, its fractional nature introduces analytical complexities. By integrating the HPM with the Elzaki transform, we aim to provide an effective approach for obtaining accurate solutions to this equation. The combination of these mathematical techniques allows us to explore the behavior of the fractional BME in a comprehensive manner. The research outcomes are supported by numerical results and comparisons, demonstrating the reliability and efficiency of the proposed methodology. This study contributes to advancing the tools for solving fractional equations and enhances our understanding of the intricate dynamics described by the fractional BME.
Investigation physical properties of sprayed Cr doped ZnO thin ﬁlms
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Education, University of Garmian, Iraq, Saleh A. M. , Dawood M. O. ,   Department of Physics, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, Chiad S. S. ,   Department of Physics, College of Education, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, Mosab Z. S. A. ,   Department of Pharmacy, Al-Manara College for Medical Science, Iraq, Habubi N. F. ,   Department of Radiation and Sonar Technologies, Alnukhba, University College, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: December 2023

ZnO and ZnO:Cr films were grown by the chemical spray deposition (CSD). The effect of the Cr content on ZnO was studied. All ZnO films show polycrystalline, hexagonal wurtzite structure, with (002) dominant plane. AFM displayed that films have a compact surface, its root mean square roughness increased with Cr percentage. The average diameter was smaller than 64 nm. The optical bandgap was evaluated using Transmittance data. Their values were found to be decreases via increment in Cr doping.
The value of plasma metanephrine measurements during adrenal vein sampling
Authors: Carroll Richard W , Corley Brian , Feltham Joe , Whitfield Patricia , Park William , Howard Rowena , Yssel Melissa , Phillips Ian , Harper Simon , Yang Jun
Published: December 2023

Objective

The assessment of primary aldosteronism incorporates adrenal vein sampling (AVS) to lateralize aldosterone excess. Current adrenal vein sampling protocols rely on concurrent cortisol measurements to assess successful cannulation and lateralization and may be inaccurate in the setting of autonomous cortisol secretion. We aimed to compare the measurement of plasma cortisol and metanephrine concentrations to assess cannulation and lateralization during AVS.

Design

This is a diagnostic accuracy study in a tertiary referral endocrinology department.

Methods

Forty-one consecutive patients with confirmed primary aldosteronism undergoing AVS (49 procedures) were included. None had cortisol autonomy. The use of plasma metanephrine-based ratios were compared with standard cortisol-based ratios to assess cannulation and lateralization during ACTH-stimulated AVS.

Results

There was strong agreement between a cortisol selectivity index (SI) ≥5.0 and an adrenal vein (AV) to peripheral vein (PV) plasma metanephrine ratio (AVmet–PVmet) of ≥12.0 to indicate successful cannulation of the AV (n = 117, sensitivity 98%, specificity 89%, positive predictive value (PPV) 95%, negative predictive value (NPV) 94%). There was strong agreement between the standard cortisol-based SI and an AV plasma metanephrine-to-normetanephrine ratio (AVmet–AVnormet) of ≥2.0 to indicate successful cannulation (n = 117, sensitivity 93%, specificity 86%, PPV 94%, NPV 84%). There was strong agreement between the cortisol- or metanephrine-derived lateralization index (LI) > 4.0 for determining lateralization (n = 26, sensitivity 100%, specificity 94.1%, PPV 91.6%, NPV 100%).

Conclusions

Ratios incorporating plasma metanephrines provide comparable outcomes to standard cortisol-based measurements for interpretation of AVS. Further studies are required to assess the use of metanephrine-derived ratios in the context of confirmed cortisol autonomy.

Significance statement

Primary aldosteronism is a common cause of secondary hypertension, and adrenal vein sampling remains the gold standard test to assess lateralization. Cortisol-derived ratios to assess cannulation and lateralization may be affected by concurrent cortisol dysfunction, which is not uncommon in the context of primary aldosteronism. Our study showed comparable outcomes when using accepted cortisol-derived or metanephrine-derived ratios to determine cannulation and lateralization during adrenal vein sampling. Further research is required to validate these findings and to assess the use of metanephrine-derived ratios in the context of confirmed concurrent cortisol dysfunction.
ENERGY EFFICIENT WAYS OF USING ENERGY ACCUMULATORS IN THE SMART GRID CONCEPT
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, Feuerbach Square,7, Kharkiv, 61050, Ukraine, Nerubatskyi V.P. , Hordiienko D.A. ,   Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, Feuerbach Square,7, Kharkiv, 61050, Ukraine
Published: December 2023

Thе prоspеcts fоr thе аpplіcаtіоn оf thе Smаrt Grіd cоncеpt аs оnе оf thе mаіn dіrеctіоns оf thе dеvеlоpmеnt оf thе еlеctrіc pоwеr іndustry аrе cоnsіdеrеd. Thе аdvаntаgеs оf thе іmplеmеntаtіоn оf thе Smаrt Grіd cоncеpt аіmеd аt еnsurіng thе rеlіаbіlіty аnd еnеrgy еffіcіеncy оf еlеctrіcіty supply, іmprоvіng thе quаlіty оf еlеctrіcаl еnеrgy, thе thrоughput оf еlеctrіcаl nеtwоrks, thе оrgаnіzаtіоn оf pаrаmеtеr mоnіtоrіng, cоntrоl оf thе stаtе оf thе еnеrgy systеm, аnd thе іntеgrаtіоn оf rеnеwаblе еnеrgy sоurcеs hаvе bееn іdеntіfіеd. Thе tоpоlоgy оf thе Smаrt Grіd nеtwоrk wаs studіеd wіth thе pоssіbіlіty оf cоnnеctіng еnеrgy аccumulаtоrs thаt crеаtе а bіdіrеctіоnаl еnеrgy flоw іn thе systеm, wіth thе prоvіsіоn оf rеgulаtіоn оf іts dеnsіty dеpеndіng оn thе dеmаnd fоr еlеctrіcіty аt thе currеnt mоmеnt іn tіmе. Thе pаrаmеtеrs оf thе іntеllіgеnt nеtwоrk systеm wіth thе usе оf еnеrgy аccumulаtоrs аrе оbtаіnеd оn thе еxаmplе оf thе trаctіоn pоwеr supply оf еlеctrіc rоllіng stоck, tаkіng іntо аccоunt thе еlеctrіcіty cоnsumptіоn by trаіns аnd thе аccumulаtоr chаrgе stаtе. Thе gіvеn cаlculаtіоn rеsults mаkе іt pоssіblе tо stаtе thаt thе usе оf еnеrgy аccumulаtоrs іn thе Smаrt Grіd nеtwоrk іncrеаsеs thе аmоunt оf еnеrgy rеturnеd tо thе еlеctrіc pоwеr supply nеtwоrk, аs а rеsult оf whіch thе оvеrаll systеm cоsts аrе rеducеd. Ref.10, fig., table. Keywords: Smart Grid concept, electric power industry, power supply system, energy accumulator, electric rolling stock.
DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMAL PARAMETERS OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY STORAGE AND GENERATING SOURCES IN AUTONOMOUS LOCAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
Authors:   State Biotechnological University, str. Alchevskikh, 44, Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine, Syvenko M.M. , Miroshnyk O.O. ,   State Biotechnological University, str. Alchevskikh, 44, Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
Published: December 2023

The problem of determining the optimal parameters of electric energy storage and generating sources in autonomous local power systems is presented. A detailed justification of the role of electricity storage in the presence of renewable energy sources in autonomous local power systems with a stochastic mode of operation is given. The main provisions of the used model of autonomous local electrical systems are given. The dependence of the electricity storage parameters depending on the composition of the generation was investigated. The possibility of solving the problem of determining the parameters of electricity storage devices by simulating the operation of a real system is considered. The results of the multi-criteria selection of the power and energy capacity of the electricity storage unit using economic criteria are determined. A mathematical model for determining the optimal parameters of electric energy storage for autonomous local electrical systems using mixed integer programming with optimization based on economic indicators has been developed. The dependence of the parameters of electric energy storage devices on the composition of the generation of autonomous local electrical systems has been studied. Bibl. 7, fig. 2. Keywords: local power grids, renewable energy, electricity storage, generation, autonomous sources.
THE CONCEPT OF ENHANCING THE SECURITY OF NODES OF THE ENERGY DISTRIBUTION INFRASTRUCTURE OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,   Beresteiskyi ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Meleshchuk D.V.
Published: December 2023

The issue of one of the problems that arose in the energy infrastructure of Ukraine as a result of the regular destruction of its facilities during the war is considered. It concerns ways of increasing the security of nodes of the distribution system of the energy infrastructure of Ukraine during its further restoration and modernization. An overview of the relevant issues that arise when using different methods to achieve the set goal is made. The importance of the problem of protection of electrical substations of the energy distribution infrastructure and the need for appropriate research and development to create an optimal method of protection are indicated. The urgency of developing a method and means of protection of an important element of substations (power transformer) is noted. One of the variants of the optimal concept of the corresponding protection is described. It provides for the location of transformers in an earthen niche, accordingly formed and decorated with auxiliary elements. This option is simple, technological and economically beneficial. This method of protecting transformers should protect them from fragments of explosive devices and blast waves. The proposed concept has room for improvement. Ref. 4, fig. 2. Keywords: power grid, transformer, safety, shelter, concept.