bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Review of the Existing Literature on 3D Reconstruction Methods
Authors: Revanaki Nikitha , Biradar Pankaja , Kabade Prerana S , Patil Sanjeetha
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Using deep neural networks, supervised 3D reconstruction has made significant progress. However, large-scale annotations of 2D/3D data are necessary for this performance boost [4]. How to effectively represent 3D data to feed deep networks remains a challenge in 3D deep learning. Volumetricor point cloud representations have been used inrecent works, but these methods have a number of drawbacks, including computational complexity, unorganized data, and a lack of finer geometry [7]. The ultrasound (US) examination is onemethod usedto diagnose carotid artery disease. The flow conditions in the artery also play a role in the onset and progression of vascular diseases [5]. Stenting the carotid artery is a treatment option for carotid atherosclerosis. It is impossible to know for sure where an injection with a needle will begin. The place of the conduits is in the body, thusly, decidingthe beginning stage of needle infusion is finished byassessment just and can't not entirely set in stone. The first thing that must be done is to locate the carotid artery in order to identify it. To determine it,we propose a modified template matching based on the ellipse feature for a 3D reconstruction of the carotid artery [1]. Data acquisition, pre-processing, segmentation, outlier selection for ellipse parameterfitting, and visualization are all used to process it. In comparison to the template matching method and the Hough Circle method, the proposed procedure with pre-processing produces the highest accuracy [1]. The objective of this research was to create three- dimensional (3D) ultrasound imaging of the carotid arteries to lessen the variability of volume measurements between and within examiners duringfollow-up scans of atherosclerotic plaques.
Fire Detection with Image Processing
Authors: Naik Prof. Shruti P , Hambir Shreyas , Lohbande Vishal , Korade Rohit , Hatkar Rahul
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have yielded state-of-theart performance in image classification and other computer vision tasks. Their application in fire detection systems will substantially improve detection accuracy, which will eventually minimize fire disasters and reduce the ecological and social ramifications. However, the major concern with CNNbased fire detection systems is their implementation in real-world surveillance networks, due to their high memory and computational requirements for inference. In this paper, we propose an original, energy-friendly, and computationally efficient CNN architecture, inspired by the SqueezeNet architecture for fire detection, localization, and semantic understanding of the scene of the fire. It uses smaller convolutional kernels and contains no dense, fully connected layers, which helps keep the computational requirements to a minimum. Despite its low computational needs, the experimental results demonstrate that our proposed solution achieves accuracies that are comparable to other, more complex models, mainly due to its increased depth. Moreover, this paper shows how a tradeoff can be reached between fire detection accuracy and efficiency, by considering the specific characteristics of the problem of interest and the variety of fire data
Review of Threats in IoT Systems: Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Khanam Rahima
Published: February 2023

Abstract: The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging technology concept that revolutionizes our way of living, ranging from standard household objects to sophisticated industrial tools. They represent a collection of interconnected devices equipped with software, sensors, and several other tools to interact and share information with gadgets and programs in the network infrastructure through the internet in a bid to enhance their decision-making skills. However, with such significant advancements come several issues that intimidate the IT industry, which has deteriorated due to the lack of capacity of various organizations to identify, evaluate, and monitor essential features to ensure adherence to security policies. The absence of efficient and robust security procedures, inaccurate device upgrades, user unawareness, and system tracking are a few issues IoT faces from a security, privacy, and cybersecurity perspective. Thus, there is a need for comprehensive knowledge of these IoT threats and their solutions to leverage their usage efficiently. Hence, this review paper focuses on exploring the different kinds of IoT risks and their potential solutions, which are necessary for the successful performance of IoT devices.
Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth of cinchona (Cinchona ledgeriana Moens) shoot cutting Cib5 and QRC clones
Authors: Laksono Agung Budi , Dewi Intan Ratna , Suherman Cucu , Santoso Joko
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe purposes of this study were to observe the effect of interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and shoot cutting of quinine clones at nursery phase of quinine (Cinchona ledgeriana Moens) and to obtain the combination dosage AMF with the best Cinchona clone. The experiment began from March until June 2013 at Research Institute for Tea and Cinchona, Gambung, Bandung, West Java, on altitude 1.250 meters above sea level, type of soil Andisol with acidity 6,28 and type of climate B based on Schmidt and Fergusson (1951). This experiment used split plot as an experimental design with two factors and four replications. The main plot factor is Cinchona clones with two levels Cibeureum 5 (Cib5) and Quinine Research Center (QRC). The subplot is dosage of AMF with four levels, they are 0 g/shoot cutting, 5 g/shoot cutting, 10 g/shoot cutting, 15 g/shoot cutting. The result showed that there is no interaction between two clones Cib5 and QRC with the four dosages AMF to all measured variable. The AMF with 15 g/shoot cutting treatment showed the best effect to the percentage of AMF infection, root volume, and root length and significant for both two clones compare with lower AMF dosage.
Ergonomic Analisis postur kerja pekerja di pabrik teh hijau Pusat Penelitian Teh dan Kina, Gambung
Authors: Agapa Natalia Florentin , Zahra Noer Addnina , Sita Kralawi
Published: February 2023

Uncomfortable work postures will cause ergonomic problems such as musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) so that workers feel uncomfortable and work becomes risky and unproductive. This study aims to 1) analyze MSDs complaints of workers at the Green Tea Plant; 2) analyze work posture in green tea processing which has the highest complaints of MSDs; 3) analyze the relationship of individual worker characteristics and MSDs complaints. This study uses a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. This research was conducted at the PPTK Gambung Green Tea Factory. Data collection was carried out by observation and interview techniques using the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire. Data analysis includes 1) analysis of work posture using the OWAS and RULA methods, and 2) analysis of the correlation with Rank Spearman correlation. The results showed that 1) the highest MSDs complaints occurred at packing stations, 2) from the OWAS and RULA analysis, the work posture that had a very high risk level and needed immediate repairs was the position when putting tea in sacks, leveling tea in sacks, raising sacks to top of the trolly, push the trolly, pull the trolly, lift the sack from the top of the trolly and put the sack on the lowest and top arrangement; 3) there is a relationship between the working period with the type of work, and between the length effective work time with complaints MSDs.
Analisis kandungan teaflavin dan tearubigin pada teh hitam yang diolah melalui metode pelayuan kimia bertahap
Authors: Shabri Shabri , Rohdiana Dr. Dadan , Maulana Hilman , Haryanto Sugeng , Prawira-Atmaja Muhammad Iqbal
Published: February 2023

The instability of tea shoots supply from the plantation to the factory was often a problem. In the flush season where tea shoots are abundant, an overcapacity often leads to the uncontrollable withering process. This problem was the cause of the decreased quality of black tea. Theaflavin (TF) and Thearubigin (TR) were chemical substances that positively correlated to the black tea quality. This research conducted to characterize TF and TR quality in two-stages chemical withering. This research treatment consists of two treatments, namely treatment A (plus season), treatment B (minus season), and one control/routine production (treatment C). Treatment A and B used 25 kg of fresh tea shoots to be withered, the first stage was to wither the leaves until it reached 60%, 65%, and 70% of water content. The second stage was to blended those leaves at the first stage and withered it until it reached about 54-56%. For treatment A and B, the enzymatic oxidation (fermentation) time used 90 minutes. Treatment C used 25 kg of fresh tea shot that processed as normal routine production of black tea orthodox-rotor vane process, with enzymatic oxidation time 110 minutes. Every treatment was repeated 3 times. Treatment A produced TF of 0,97% d.b and TR of 15,39 d.b. (ratio 1:15,97). And treatment C produced TF of 0,92% d.b and TR of 13,69% d.b. (ratio 1:14,82). It was concluded that two-stage chemical withering was able to maintain the chemical and organoleptic qualities of black tea.
Penilaian keragaman beberapa karakter pertumbuhan koleksi plasma nutfah bibit kina (Cinchona ledgeriana Moens) secara destruktif
Authors: Hidayat Dian , Chaidir Liberty , Syahrian Heri , Wicaksana Noladhi
Published: February 2023

Selecting Ledgeriana cutting in the nursery has aimed to obtained cinchona superior clones. Cuttings Ledgeriana is one alternative technique to propagate cinchona plant to overcome the incompatibility in the grafting technique. The information about plant variability needs to be known to determine the effectiveness of the selection process. This study aims to determine the value of growth component variability of potential cinchona clones from ledger cutting nursery. The research was conducted at the Research Institute for Tea and Cinchona from November 2017 to July 2018. The experiment used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 17 Cinchona Ledgeriana clones, consisting of 16 BTG clones and clone Cib 5 as a control. The results of the analysis showed that all components observed were categorizing as the narrow variability so that no clones were entered in the selection criteria.
Karakteritik sifat alir bubuk teh hijau yang diproses dengan metode penepung berbeda
Authors: Prawira-Atmaja Mukhammad Iqbal , Haryanto Sugeng , Maulana Hilman , Shabri Shabri , Rohdiana Dr. Dadan
Published: February 2023

Recently, the public interest in green tea powder is increasing. Green tea powder is produced through the process stage: withering in hot steam, drying, and reducing size. The size reduction process on green tea powder is an important step because it will affect the characteristics of the powder flow properties. This study aims to determine the flow properties of green tea powder processed by different milling method. The milling method used are disc milling (DM) and stone milling (SM). Green tea powder was analyzed including moisture content, particle size distribution using dynamic laser scattering method, determined of bulk density (ρb), and tapped density (ρtap) to find out the Carr Index (CI) and Hausner Ratio (Hr). In addition, the lightness of color and shape and morphology of green tea powder were observed with SEM. The results showed that green tea powder produced from different milling methods have a Carr Index of 15 with “Good” flow properties. DM method produced darker green tea powder with L value (lightness) 49.91 and larger particle size (D50: 38.6 µm) compared with green tea powder produced by the SM method. Determination of flow properties of green tea powder can be applied for the utilization and development of food products and pharmaceutical products based on green tea powder.
Analisis Tata Letak Fasilitas Produksi dan Luas Lantai pada Pengolahan Teh Hijau (Studi Kasus di Pabrik Teh Hijau PPTK Gambung)
Authors: Hadiputri Ananda Lalitya
Published: February 2023

Tata letak merupakan tahapan penting dari perancangan pabrik. Peta proses operasi merupakan salah satu aspek dari tata letak. Peta proses operasi mencakup informasi-informasi seputar proses pembuatan produk, seperti waktu, nama mesin, dan berapa persen sisa bahan baku yang terbuang (scrap) dari setiap prosesnya. Luas lantai merupakan salah satu aspek lain dari tata letak. Dalam penelitian ini, proses pembuatan teh di Pabrik Teh Hijau PPTK Gambung menghasilkan scrap sebesar ±1% dari keseluruhan proses. Selain itu, proses pengolahan teh menggunakan sebesar 14,91% untuk mesin, conveyer belt, dan tempat penyimpanan bahan baku. Pergerakan pekerja dan barang jadi di Pabrik Teh ini sebesar 13,21% dari keseluruhan luas pabrik.
Otomatisasi Ruang Pelayuan Teh Hijau Metode Steaming dengan Kendali Mikrokontroler di PPTK Gambung
Authors: Feriansari Vitaloka
Published: February 2023

Pusat Penelitian Teh dan Kina Gambung memproduksi teh hijau dengan dua metode pelayuan, yaitu metode panning dan metode steaming. Produksi teh hijau yang saat ini perlu dikembangkan adalah teh hijau metode steaming karena produk yang dihasilkan dianggap lebih berkualitas dibandingkan dengan teh metode panning. Saat ini, mesin yang digunakan untuk produksi teh hijau steaming yaitu steamer hanya mampu memproduksi 7-8 kg pucuk daun segar dalam satu batch dan masih dilakukan secara manual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas ruang pelayuan itu menjadi 25 kg/batch sekaligus mengendalikan prosesnya secara otomatis dengan menggunakan mikrokontroler Arduino MEGA. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan metode rekayasa (engineering design). Ruang pelayuan didesain dengan dimensi panjang 2400 mm, lebar 800 mm dan tinggi 1200 mm. Dengan dimensi ini, ruang pelayuan dapat memproses pucuk daun teh sebanyak 25 kg/batch. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat akurasi pelayuan dengan proses otomatis mencapai 98-100%. Hasil uji organoleptik juga menunjukan bahwa kualitas teh hijau dengan menggunakan ruang pelayuan tersebut sudah sesuai dengan standar.
Analisis efektivitas tenaga kerja pada stasiun kerja sortasi kering teh hijau menggunakan metode overall labor effectiveness (OLE) di PPTK
Authors: Anggara Bayu
Published: February 2023

Ketatnya persaingan industri pada era sekarang ini, semakin memacu perusahaan manufacturing untuk terus melakukan perbaikan demi keberlanjutan perusahaan. Permintaan pasar harus dapat dipenuhi perusahaan sebagai upaya menjaga kepercayaan dari konsumen. Usaha yang perlu dilakukan perusahan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas diantaranya dengan meningkatkan efesiensi tenaga kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat efektivitas tenaga kerja dan mengidentifikasi kemungkinan yang dapat menurunkan nilai OLE.  pada stasiun kerja sortasi kering di Pabrik Teh Hijau PPTK. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Overall Labor Effectiveness (OLE) dan diagram fishbone. Indikator yang dihitung meliputi availability, performance, dan quality yang diamati selama enam hari (13-18 Januari 2020) pada stasiun kerja sortasi kering. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa nilai OLE yaitu 55,77%. Nilai ini berada dibawah standar dunia yaitu 85%. Setelah diindentifikasi kemungkinan penyebab masalah yang sangat mempengaruhi nilai OLE yaitu : 1) Berdasarkan pengukuran selama 6 hari yaitu rata-rata mengalami keterlambatan bahan selama 90 menit dan 2) Kekurangan mesin fibro sehingga menyebabkan penumpukan bahan pada mesin tersebut.
Analisis postur kerja di stasiun sortasi kering pabrik teh hijau PPTK Gambung dengan metode REBA (Rapid Entire Body As-sessment)
Authors: Timur Yudhisthira
Published: February 2023

Tuntutan kerja yang tinggi sering membuat pekerja mengabaikan kenyamanan dan keselamatan, sehingga kecelakaan kerja sering terjadi di pabrik, seperti di stasiun sortasi kering Pusat Penelitian Teh dan Kina (PPTK). Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk 1) menganalisis keluhan Musculoceletal Disorders (MSDs) dengan Nordic Body Map (NBM) dan 2) menganalisis postur kerja dengan metode REBA. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 13-20 November 2020 di stasiun sortasi kering PPTK. Hasil yang diperoleh penelitian ini antara lain 1) diketahui bahwa karakteristik pekerja tidak selalu berpengaruh pada keluhan MSDs, 2) bagian tubuh yang paling sering dikeluhkan paling sakit adalah lengan bawah kanan, dan 3) sebagian besar pekerja memiliki skor NBM yang kecil. Pada analisis postur keja dengan metode REBA, diketahui bahwa kegiatan-kegiatan seperti memindahkan karung ke mesin midleton, memindahkan karung dari suatu mesin ke mesin lain dengan satu tangan, dan  mengangkat karung dari bawah ke atas (pada mesin dengan corong di atas) memiliki skor REBA yang tinggi sehingga disarankan untuk segera dilakukan penyelidikan lebih lanjut dan perbaikan segera.
Klasifikasi Citra Klon Teh Seri GMB Menggunakan Convolu-tional Neural Network (CNN) dengan Arsitektur Resnet, Vggnet, dan Alexnet
Authors: Muhammad Husnul Hayat
Published: February 2023

Produktivitas daun teh di Indonesia dari waktu ke waktu semakin menurun. Hal ini disebabkan oleh ketidakcocokan dalam memilih klon teh seri GMB yang digunakan. Klon teh seri GMB terdiri dari GMB 1 sampai dengan GMB 11. Keterbatasan karyawan Pusat Penelitian Teh dan Kina (PPTK) dan para petani teh dalam mengklasifikasi klon teh seri GMB untuk membedakan jenis antar klon yang secara morfologi memiliki tingkat kemiripan yang begitu dekat menjadi alasan kurang optimal dalam memilih klon teh seri GMB yang cocok untuk digunakan. Pada penelitian ini, dirancang suatu sistem secara visual yang mampu mengklasifikasi jenis klon teh yang terdiri dari 11 kelas yaitu GMB 1-11 dengan pengolahan citra digital. Citra data diambil menggunakan kamera handphone, kemudian dilakukan pre-processing resize dan augmentasi. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) menjadi suatu metode pelatihan dalam mengenali objek melalui sistem yang ditunjang oleh arsitektur ResNet, VGGNet, dan AlexNet dengan keunggulan tingkat akurasi yang baik karena kemampuannya dalam menyederhanakan citra melalui banyak layer. Sistem mampu mengklasifikasikan citra klon teh seri GMB 1 sampai dengan GMB 11. Skenario pengujian yang digunakan adalah menggunakan jumlah dataset 1100 yang menjadi data asli dan 2860 yang menjadi data hasil pre- processing augmentasi. Pengujian terbaik menggunakan data hasil augmentasi sebanyak 2640 data latih dan 220 data uji. Parameter sistem terbaik didapatkan akurasi pada ResNet 97.80%, VGGNet 95.45% dan AlexNet 98.18%.
Relasi Gender di Pabrik Pengolahan Teh Hijau Pusat Penelitian Teh dan Kina
Authors: Jayanthi Paramita , Herawati Erna , Sita Kralawi
Published: February 2023

Divisi kerja yang ada pada karyawan pengolahan teh hijau Pusat Penelitian Teh dan Kina (PPTK) dipengaruhi erat oleh budaya patriarki. Hal ini mengarah pada terjadinya perbedaan partisipasi, akses dan kontrol antar kedua gender tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan relasi gender yang ada pada karyawan pengolahan teh di PPTK serta pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode wawancara mendalam, data kemudian akan dianalisis menggunakan Gender Analysis Pathway. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja karyawan pabrik pengolahan teh hijau terdeteksi amat baik. Pembagian kerja antara perempuan dan laki-laki di pabrik teh hijau, secara umum dapat dinegosiasikan. Akses terhadap fasilitas perusahaan, upah dan jam kerja dibagi secara setara berdasarkan status karyawan. Namun, dalam akses atas jenis pekerjaan masih terdapat ketimpangan relasi gender di mana mayoritas jenis pekerjaan masih didominasi oleh laki-laki. Hal ini dipengaruhi erat oleh mesin pabrik yang belum ramah perempuan dan budaya patriarki sehingga perempuan kesulitan untuk mengaksesnya.
PERAN BADAN KEPENDUDUKAN DAN KELUARGA BERENCANA NASIONAL (BKKBN) DALAM PERCEPATAN PENURUNAN STUNTING PERSPEKTIF PERPRES NOMOR 72 TAHUN 2021
Authors: Lailiyah Kusroh
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the role of the BKKBN in accelerating the reduction of the stunting rate in Indonesia and the efforts made by the BKKBN in accelerating the reduction of the stunting rate in terms of Presidential Regulation (Perpres) Number 72 of 2021 which is the legal basis for implementing the stunting reduction program in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative approach through descriptive analysis method based on the study of the literature obtained and then used as material for analysis. The results of this study indicate that the BKKBN has a very important role in reducing stunting rates in Indonesia. This is because the BKKBN was appointed as the implementing coordinator in the stunting reduction program as stipulated in article 15 paragraph 2 of Presidential Decree Number 72 of 2021. The task of the BKKBN is to coordinate, synergize, and evaluate the implementation of the Acceleration of Stunting Reduction in an effective, convergent and integrated manner by involving cross-sectors in central and regional levels. In an effort to accelerate the reduction of stunting rates, the BKKBN as the chief executive has issued a National Action Plan to Accelerate the Reduction of Stunting Rates in Indonesia (RAN PASTI) as a reference in implementing the acceleration of stunting reduction for Ministries and Agencies, Provincial Governments, District/City Governments, Village Governments, as well as other stakeholders. The framework used in RAN PASTI focuses on three (3) approaches, namely the nutrition intervention approach, the multi-sector and multi-stakeholder approach, and the family-based approach at risk of stunting.

Keywords: Stunting, Presidential Decree No. 72 of 2021, BKKBN, stunting reduction
Analisis Manajemen Risiko Rantai Pasok Pada Produk Alat Berat Penunjang Industri Pertambangan
Authors: Atho R Muhamad , Hasibuan Sawarni
Published: February 2023

Manufacturing activities such as trailer products potentially generate various risks. This research aims to analyze risk management in the supply chain of trailer production using the House of Risk (HOR) model. The business activities mapping is using the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) method which consists of 6 parts of the management process, plan, source, make, deliver return and enable. Research is conducted through two phases of HOR. The HOR 1 activities are the identification of risk events and risk agents based on SCOR mapping, measurement of severity, and occurrence levels to produce an Aggregate Risk Priority (ARP), then determine a priority risk agent in the mitigation process. The HOR 2 is used to determine which actions are to be done ﬁrst, considering their differing effectiveness as well as resources involved and the degree of difﬁculties in performing. The company should ideally select a set of actions that are not so difﬁcult to perform but could effectively reduce the probability of risk agents occurring. 7 experience respondents were involved in the study consisting of engineering, procurement, production, warehouse, production planning, after-sales dan quality control. The results of the analysis successfully identified 46 risk events and 41 risk agents in the manufacturing of mining trailers. FGD and Pareto analysis used in the study produced 16 recommendations for mitigation actions that are expected to be able to mitigate risk.
Advances in association of genetic polymorphisms within the dopaminergic system with nicotine dependence
Authors: Yang Jingjing , Wang Hongjuan , Chen Huan , Hou Hongwei , Hu Qingyuan
Published: February 2023

Nicotine is the main compound in cigarettes which leads to smoking
addiction. Nicotine acts on the limbic dopamine reward loop in the
midbrain through binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, promoting
the release of dopamine, resulting in a rewarding effect or
satisfaction. This satisfaction is essential for continued and
compulsive tobacco use, and therefore dopamine plays a crucial role in
nicotine dependence (ND). Numerous studies have identified genetic
polymorphisms of dopaminergic pathways which may influence nicotine
susceptibility and the degree of addiction. Dopamine levels are greatly
influenced by synthesis, storage, release, degradation, and reuptake
related genes, including genes encoding tyrosine hydroxylase (TH),
dopamine decarboxylase (DDC), dopamine transporter (DAT1/SLC6A3),
dopamine receptor (DRD), dopamine 3-hydroxylase (DBH), catechol oxygen
methyltransferase (COMT), and monoamine oxidase (MAO). In this paper, we
review research progress on the effects of polymorphisms in the above
genes on downstream smoking behavior and ND, to provide a theoretical
basis for the elucidation of the genetic mechanism underlying ND and
future personalized treatment for smoking cessation.
Social isolation contributes into the effect of 3-day hindlimb unloading on dopaminergic transmission in the nigrostriatal system of mice
Authors: Naumova Alexandra , Oleynik Ekaterina , Khramtsova Anna , Nikolaeva Svetlana , Chernigovskaya Elena , Glazova Margarita
Published: February 2023

The nigrostriatal system composed of the dorsal striatum and the
substantia nigra (SN) is highly involved in the control of motor
behavior. Various extremal and pathological conditions as well as social
isolation may cause an impairment of locomotor function; however,
corresponding alterations in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway are
far from full understanding. Here we analyzed the effect of 3-day
hindlimb unloading (HU) and social isolation (SI) on the key players of
dopamine transmission in the nigrostriatal system of CD1 mice. Three
groups of mice were analyzed: group-housed (GH), SI, and HU. Our data
showed a significant decrease in the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase
(TH) in the SN and dorsal striatum of HU mice, but only in comparison
with SI group that suggested attenuation of dopamine synthesis in
response to HU, while TH phosphorylation was reduced in comparison with
both GH and SI animals. SI also led to a decrease in TH phosphorylation
in the dorsal striatum that pointed on an impact of isolation too.
Expression of dopamine receptors D1 in the dorsal striatum of HU mice
was increased suggesting a compensatory response, but the activity of
downstream signaling pathways involving PKA and CREB was inhibited. But
in the dorsal striatum of SI mice, expression of DA receptors and
activity of downstream signaling was not affected. Obtained data let us
to conclude that combination of short-term HU and isolation impaired
dopamine transmission in the nigrostriatal system.
Teasing apart the dilution effect by combining DNA metabarcoding and statistical modeling
Authors: Levi Taal , Massey Aimee
Published: February 2023

How changes in biodiversity affect disease, particularly in the face of
large-scale land-use change, is a contentious topic in disease ecology
that has implications for public health and conservation policy. The
‘dilution effect’ hypothesis argues that declines in biodiversity are
associated with increased disease risk, but this can be challenging to
demonstrate because many pathogens have complex life cycles such that
changes to the species composition and abundance of hosts can influence
the density and infection prevalence of vectors via multiple mechanisms.
Key to addressing this debate is a quantification of interactions
between hosts, vectors, and pathogens. In their recent study published
in Molecular Ecology, Kocher et al. (2022) captured thousands of
sandflies, some species of which are vectors for the Leishmania
protozoan that causes Leishmaniasis, across a human footprint gradient
in French Guiana (Fig. 1). By implementing DNA metabarcoding of vectors
combined with an innovative modeling approach, they effectively
quantified the nuanced relationships between changes in land-use,
mammalian host diversity, vector abundance, and parasite prevalence. In
support of the dilution effect hypothesis, Kocher et al. found that
sites with higher mammal diversity were associated with lower relative
abundance of reservoir hosts and higher Leishmania infection prevalence
in sandflies. However, while infection prevalence was lower when mammal
diversity was high, the density of sandfly vectors was higher, which
resulted in a weak overall effect of mammal diversity on the density of
infected vectors, the most important indicator of Leishmania
transmission risk.
Enhancing Resilience by Reducing Critical Load Loss via an Emergent Trading Framework Considering Possible Resources Isolation Under Typhoon
Authors: Wu Yingjun , Liu Chengjun , Lin Zhiwei , Ru Yingtao , Huang Tao
Published: February 2023

Natural disasters have posed great challenges to the power system in
recent years. This paper proposes an emergent trading framework that
uses parking lots as resources to provide power support to critical
loads in a blackout due to typhoon. Firstly, a distribution line fault
model under typhoon is established to create possible fault scenarios
with the typhoon trajectory data. Subsequently, an evolutionary
Stackelberg game-based trading model is proposed to maximize all
stakeholders’ economic benefits while reducing the critical load loss
for all chosen scenarios, leading to enhanced system resilience. At the
same time, a benefit allocation mechanism and free-riding penalty are
incorporated in the framework to motivate players’ participation while
limiting the negative effect of free-riders. Further, an iterative
evolutionary-Stackelberg solution set-up is applied to obtain the
equilibria of the proposed framework. Finally, a modified IEEE 69-bus
system is used to illustrate and validate the proposed framework.
Adaptive responses of evolved Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains tolerant to acidic pH, acetic acid, and supraoptimal temperature
Authors: Caspeta Luis , Salas-Navarrete Prisciluis Caheri , Rosas-Santiago Paul , Rodríguez Ramón Suárez , Martínez Alfredo
Published: February 2023

Ethanol fermentations can be prematurely halted as Saccharomyces
cerevisiae faces adverse conditions, such as acidic pH, presence of
acetic acid, and supraoptimal temperatures. The knowledge on yeast
responses to these conditions is essential to endowing a tolerant
phenotype to another strain by targeted genetic manipulation. In this
study, physiological, genomic, and transcriptomic analyses were
conducted to obtain insights on molecular responses which could
potentially render yeast tolerant towards thermoacidic conditions. To
this end, we used thermotolerant TTY23, acid tolerant AT22, and
thermo-acid tolerant TAT12 strains previously generated. The results
showed an increase in thermoacidic profiles in the tolerant strains. The
whole-genome sequence revealed the importance of genes related to: H
, iron, and glycerol transport (i.e. FRE1/2,
JEN1, VMA2, VCX1, KHA1, AQY3, and
ATO2); transcriptional regulation of stress responses to drugs,
ROS and heat-shock (i.e. HSF1, SKN7, BAS1,
HFI1, and WAR1); and adjustments of fermentative growth
and stress responses by glucose signaling pathways (i.e., ACS1,
GPA1/2, RAS2, IRA2 and REG1). At 30°C and pH
5.5, more than a thousand differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were
identified in each strain. The integration of results from genomics and
transcriptomics revealed that, as part of their adaptive responses,
evolved yeast strains aimed to adjust their intracellular pH by H
and acetic acid transport; modify their metabolism
and stress responses via glucose signaling pathways; control of cellular
ATP pools by regulating translation and de novo synthesis of
nucleotides; and direct the synthesis, folding and rescue of proteins
throughout the heat-shock stress response. Furthermore, tolerant strains
did not show growth trade off under optimal ancestral conditions.
Moreover, the motifs analysis in mutated TFs suggested a significant
association of SFP1, YRR1, BAS1, HFI1, HSF1, and SKN7 TFs with DEGs
found in thermoacidic tolerant yeast strains. This study provides
insights into the molecular elements associated with yeast tolerance to
acidic pH, acetic acid, and supraoptimal temperatures; information that
can be used in inverse metabolic engineering.
Study of apple plant disease prediction in orchards using machine learning and deep learning algorithms for real-time detection.
Authors: Ahmed Imtiaz , Yadav Pramod Kumar
Published: February 2023

In the Indian-origin Kashmir valley, apple trees are among the most
popular plants. Thousands of tons of apples are exported from Kashmir
every year, generating substantial revenue. Many diseases affect apple
trees, which results in devastated apple yields and major losses for
apple growers. Apple plants are mostly infected with diseases that
originate in the leaves. In a country like India, where half of the
population works in agriculture, prompt detection and prediction of such
diseases is critical. Traditionally, apple plant diseases were diagnosed
using laboratory assistance, which is time-consuming and
labor-intensive. This study began with the construction of an
expert-annotated dataset of apple diseases of suitable size, containing
around 10000 high quality RGB images covering all of the main foliar
diseases as well as their symptoms and signs. As a next step, we propose
the development of a deep learning-based apple disease detection system
that can be used to identify symptoms efficiently and accurately. Today,
machine learning and deep learning allow us to reliably detect whether a
plant is infected or not. This article introduces a framework for
predicting Kashmiri apple plant diseases based on deep learning. Our
model relies on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to extract and
predict features. Testing samples through our framework yields
state-of-the-art results in identifying apple plant diseases with 92
percent accuracy. Further, we present a novel dataset containing samples
of Kashmiri apple plant leaves with three distinct diseases. A
comparison was made between five deep learning algorithms: Faster R-CNN,
Tiny-YOLO v2, YOLO v3, SSD 300, and EfficientDet-D0. The purpose of this
was to demonstrate the efficacy of the method. As a result of the
comparison, the recommended method outperformed the other five
algorithms in terms of mAP (98.21%), 75.34 f/s detection speed, 14.48
MB model size, 13.27%, 18.53%, 16.19%, 5.17%, and 7.89%.
Additionally, it meets real-time requirements. Furthermore, various
lighting conditions and apple tree varieties were studied in order to
identify apple blooms. Based on the information, it was demonstrated how
robust the approach was against different varieties of apple trees and
lighting patterns. This method demonstrated the efficacy of real-time
apple bloom detection. Orchard yield estimates and apple blossom
thinning robots may benefit from these findings.
Basin Structure for Earthquake Ground Motion Estimates in Urban Los Angeles Mapped with Nodal Receiver Functions
Authors: Ghose R , Persaud P , Clayton R
Published: February 2023

Basin structures in the northern Los Angeles area have been identified
from a nodal seismic array along 10 lines across three basins. The dense
array of 758 geophones spaced at 250-300 m apart along the lines and
recorded seismic response for 30-35 days. For basin structure
investigation, the teleseismic receiver functions technique was used.
The primary basin concerted phases were identified from the receiver
functions. A shear wave velocity model produced in a separate study
using the same dataset was incorporated to convert the basin time
arrivals into depth. The deepest part of the San Bernardino basin was
identified near Loma Linda fault at 2.8 km. San Gabriel basin exhibit
larger basin depths and Ps arrival times of all with a maximum depth of
4 km. The high lateral resolution from the dense array helped revealing
more continuous structures and reducing uncertainties in the RFs. We
discovered a more complex basin structure than previously identified.
Our findings show the basins’ core areas are not the deepest.
Significant changes in basin depth were observed near some faults i.e.
Rialto-Colton fault, Fontana fault, Red Hill fault and Raymond fault.
Plain Language Summary Sedimentary basins can contribute to the damage
caused by any earthquake. The seismic waves from an earthquake can get
trapped and amplified within the basin which may result in a stronger
ground shaking with longer duration. The three basins of our study area,
San Bernardino, Chino and San Gabriel, are located in a seismically
active region. The BASIN (Basin Amplification Seismic INvestigation)
project aims to image the subsurface so that the seismic wave response
within the basins for any earthquake can be assessed. As part of this
project, we identified sedimentary basin shape and depth underneath this
region. The P wave from an earthquake generates P to S conversions at
boundaries. We used receiver functions to determine basin boundaries
from those conversions. Arrival times of the P to S conversions were
converted to depth using a velocity model.
Influence of Deep-Ocean Warming on Coastal Sea-Level Trends in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Steinberg Jacob M. , Piecuch Christopher G. , Hamlington Benjamin Dillon , Thompson Philip Robert , Coats Sloan
Published: February 2023

Rates of sea-level rise are increasing across the global ocean. Since
$\sim 2008$, sea-level acceleration is particularly
pronounced along the US Gulf of Mexico coastline. Here we use model
solutions and observational data to identify the physical mechanisms
responsible for enhanced rates of recent coastal sea-level rise in this
region. Specifically, we quantify the effect of offshore subsurface
ocean warming on coastal sea-level rise and its relationship to regional
hypsometry. Using the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the
Ocean (ECCO) Version 5 ocean state estimate, we establish that coastal
sea-level changes are largely the result of changes in regional ocean
mass, reflected in ocean bottom pressure, on interannual to decadal
timescales. These coastal ocean bottom pressure changes reflect both net
mass flux into and out of the Gulf, as well as internal mass
redistribution within the Gulf, which can be understood as an isostatic
ocean response to subsurface offshore warming. We test the relationships
among coastal sea-level, ocean bottom pressure, and subsurface ocean
warming predicted by the model using data from satellite gravimetry,
satellite altimetery, tide gauges, and Argo floats. Our estimates of
mass redistribution explain a significant fraction of coastal sea-level
trends observed by tide gauges. For instance, at St. Petersburg,
Florida, this mass redistribution accounts for $>$
50\% of the coastal sea-level trend observed over the
2008-2017 decade. This study elucidates a physical mechanism whereby
coastal sea-level responds to open-ocean subsurface warming and
motivates future studies of this linkage in other regions.
Association analysis of four human dopamine pathway genes with adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in a population from Turkey
Authors: Güzel Hilal , Güzel Halil , Çelebi Cengiz , Sözen Mehmet
Published: February 2023

In this tudy, it was aimed to investigate the association/s between dopamine
transporter gene (DAT1), dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1), dopamine receptor D2
(DRD2), dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3), dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene
variants and adult Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). A
prospective analytical case control study. A total of 128 ADHD cases and 100
non-ADHD controls from Western population of Turkey were included in this
study. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood. Genotype and allele frequency
P-values were calculated by Chi square (c2) and Fisher Exact tests. Other
statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS program version 20.0. The
genotypes for the DAT1, DRD2, DRD3 and DRD4 variants were identified by
polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length
polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). 4R allele and 4R/4R genotype of Exon 3 VNTR
polymorphism in the DRD4 gene were observed to be the most frequent one in
both case and control groups. 4R allele was found to be statistically
significant in ADHD group than the ones in control group (p=0.01). No
statistical differences in the genotype and allele frequencies were observed
between ADHD cases versus non-ADHD controls for DAT1, DRD2 and DRD3
polymorphisms. A statistically significant association was found only
between DRD4 Exon 3 VNTR polymorphism and adult ADHD. However, to confirm
that these gene variants contributes to ADHD and ADHD-subtypes, further
studies with both higher population sizes and many candidate genes are
needed to be investigated simultaneously.
La decadencia de la Sociología en la enseñanza secundaria en España: un análisis del impacto de la Lomce en la Sociología en la educación media postobligatoria
Authors: Gil Solsona David , Clares Sánchez Raquel , Vera Gómez Carles
Published: February 2023

Este estudio es un análisis comparativo de la presencia de la asignatura de Sociología en el sistema educativo postobligatorio español. El objetivo de este es conocer cómo la promulgación de la Ley Orgánica no 8/2013, del 9 de diciembre, conocida como Lomce (Ley Orgánica para la Mejora de la Calidad Educativa), afectó a la presencia de la Sociología en el currículo educativo de todas las regiones de España. La metodología empleada ha sido el análisis de textos jurídicos y entrevistas telefónicas a centros educativos y profesorado. En suma, se ha comparado el cambio normativo que afecta a los currículos en las 17 regiones españolas, y se han recabado datos de 104 centros educativos de la Comunidad Valenciana. Los resultados del estudio confirman una relación significativa entre esa nueva ley de educación y la exclusión de la asignatura de Sociología de los currículos de los institutos de todas las regiones de España, excepto Cataluña. Puede afirmarse que la presencia de la asignatura de Sociología en el sistema educativo español sufrió un cambio severo a raíz de la entrada en vigor de la Lomce. El hecho de que la asignatura siga presente en la región de Cataluña permite suponer que es posible revertir la situación actual si se cuenta con los medios y la voluntad política necesarios.
As diferentes fases do Enem: olhar o passado para pensar o futuro
Authors: Pereira Neves de Macedo Ester
Published: February 2023

A Resolução nº 3/2018, do Conselho Nacional de Educação (CNE), é analisada com base nos marcos normativos do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (Enem) em sua versão original de 1998 e em sua reformulação de 2009. Tomam-se os termos- chave atuais e os das versões anteriores, e como eles foram (ou não) operacionalizados, a fim de oferecer caminhos para se avançar da teoria para a prática, especialmente quanto à adoção e à operacionalização de conceitos de protagonismo juvenil, interdisciplinaridade, contextualização e autonomia. Essa comparação permite entender os pressupostos teórico-metodológicos de cada modelo, de modo a subsidiar a discussão sobre como será o novo Enem, pós-Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e pós-pandemia da Covid-19. Na conclusão, propõe-se que alguns elementos da versão original do exame, aliados às tecnologias desenvolvidas nas últimas duas décadas, podem contribuir para um novo desenho do Enem que se ajuste tanto às normativas legais quanto ao novo contexto social decorrente da pandemia da Covid-19.
Regularidades discursivas no Enem
Authors: Vilarinho Mesquita Rafaela
Published: February 2023

Resenha da tese de doutorado de SANTOS, André Vitor Fernandes dos. Regularidades discursivas sobre mudança curricular e a produção de subjetividades no Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (Enem). 2017. 227 f. Tese (Doutorado em Educação) – Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2017.
Indiferença às diferenças: as duas etapas no ensino médio na China e a estrutura de preparação para o Gaokao
Authors: Li Siyu
Published: February 2023

A análise das desigualdades nas condições de preparação para o exame Gaokao mostra que estão inscritas no contexto institucional e histórico de massificação do ensino superior na China. Os dados são oriundos de uma pesquisa etnográfica realizada em duas escolas secundárias de Pequim com status diferenciado: uma key school e uma escola comum. No ano de preparação para o Gaokao, os estudantes fazem exames repetitivos em ritmo constante: os principais, uma vez por mês, e os menores, quatro a cinco vezes por semana. A abordagem qualitativa permitiu focar no período que antecede o exame, bem como no seu efeito desigual sobre a trajetória dos estudantes. A desigualdade de recursos durante essa preparação envolve dois aspectos: tempo e espaço para os estudantes e disponibilidade de professores para supervisionar os estudos após o término das aulas. Como resultado, destaca-se que a hierarquização das escolas cria condições desiguais de educação nas escolas secundárias, ao mesmo tempo em que as justifica e as invisibiliza.
Revisitando a pedagogia da repetência
Authors: Klein Ruben
Published: February 2023

Resenha da obra RIBEIRO, Sergio Costa. A pedagogia da repetência. Estudos Avançados, São Paulo, v. 5, n. 12, p. 7-21, 1991.
Outras formas de pensar o mundo e novos desafios para a educação
Authors: Vorraber Costa Marisa Cristina , Salazar Guizzo Bianca
Published: February 2023

Entrevista com a professora doutora titular aposentada da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Marisa Cristina Vorraber Costa.
Questões de gênero e sexualidade nas políticas educacionais no Brasil de 1981 a 2021
Authors: Salazar Guizzo Bianca
Published: February 2023

Na década de 1980, o tema sexualidade entra em debate com foco nas infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e na pandemia da Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (Aids). Na década de 1990, defendeu-se que a construção de currículos para a educação básica privilegiasse o trabalho pedagógico relacionado às diferenças, mas apenas os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN) abordaram relações de gênero, inseridas no tema orientação sexual. Na primeira década do século 21, políticas de educação relativas a gênero e sexualidade contêm ações referentes à formação de profissionais da educação e à produção de material didático. Na segunda década do século 21, amplia-se o combate à “ideologia de gênero”, expressão utilizada por defensores dos “papéis” vistos como “adequados” para homens e mulheres, com repercussão nas políticas educacionais. Em razão dessa retórica, o Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE) 2014-2024 não incluiu qualquer menção a gênero e sexualidade, que também ficaram ausentes dos planos municipais. Em 2017, na Base Nacional Comum Curricular, documento oficial normativo para todas as escolas, desde a educação infantil até o ensino fundamental, o termo “gênero” não é mencionado e os direitos humanos são tratados sem aprofundamento. Conclui-se que as questões de gênero e sexualidade não são prioridade nas políticas educacionais nem no cotidiano das escolas.
Docência: espaço de experimentação e formação
Authors: Nogueira Chaves Sílvia
Published: February 2023

Este ensaio fundamenta-se em três conceitos: 1) docência como espaço de experimentação pedagógica e campo de formação docente; 2) experiência como acontecimento; 3) educação, aula, vida como “obra de arte”, sempre abertas a recriações. Em termos metodológicos, a proposta é partir de referenciais da filosofia da diferença, acionando o pensamento de autores como Michel Foucault, Peter Pelbart, Gilles Deleuze, Jacques Rancière... Partindo desses referenciais, contrapõe-se a noção de experiência como sequência procedimental planejada e controlada ou como acúmulo de vivências, para pensá-la como acontecimento que faz funcionar micropolíticas que (re)criam práticas. Rompe-se com a noção de docência como espaço de recognição e aplicação de conhecimentos consolidados para pensá-la como experimentação, uma prática de escritura de si inventiva em que o professor se forma e transforma continuamente a si e a seu campo de ação profissional. Concluise que no processo formativo a experimentação docente funciona como micropolítica ou pedagogia menor que potencializa mutações pedagógicas mais pareadas com espaço, velocidade e tempo presente.