bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Псевдореферендуми на окупованих територіях України як механізм зовнішньополітичної «легітимації» російської агресії
Authors: Опінко Станіслав
Published: November 2024

У статті розглянуто використання російською федерацією псевдореферендумів на окупованих територіях України, як легітимаційної технології, орієнтованої на зовнішнє визнання російської агресії. Автором розкрито мету та цілі російських псевдореферендумів, визначено основні індикатори зовнішньополітичної легітимації референдумів, доведено невідповідність російських «референдумів» до норм міжнародного та українського права, міжнародних на європейських норм проведення референдумів та спостереження за ними. Проаналізовано та оцінено діяльність російської федерації на міжнародній арені щодо досягнення зовнішньополітичної легітимації псевдореферендумів. Зроблено висновок, що як і у випадку Кримського «референдуму» більшість міжнародного співтовариства не визнала і не визнаватиме російські «референдуми». При цьому російська федерація продовжить використовувати політичне та інформаційне значення «референдумів» в контексті подальшої агресії, та/або з метою нав’язати проведення повторних референдумів.
Правове регулювання політики: законодавство держав Європи та України про територіальне самоврядування
Authors: Бурдяк Віра
Published: November 2024

Мета статті полягає у дослідженні особливостей правового регулювання політики в державах Європи щодо територіального самоврядування, яке здійснюється на основі конституцій і законів держав регіону. З початку ХХІ ст. помітне зближення правових систем держав ЦСЄ, інтегруючу роль в яких відіграє Європейська хартія місцевого самоврядування. На ній основані конституції і конституційні акти держав Європи, інші міжнародні документи місцевого самоврядування, які враховують історичний досвід, специфіку розвитку держав, досягнення сучасної науки і практики у даній сфері. Конституція кожної з аналізованих держав визнає органи місцевого самоврядування однією з підвалин демократії, при якій держава гарантує право та реальну здатність територіальних спільнот громадян, і сформованих ними органів, самостійно вирішувати певну частину публічних справ. Це – те спільне, що робить місцеве самоврядування у різних державах подібним.
WAYS OF PRESENTING INFORMATION IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE CLASSES AT A TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors: VOLODINA D.V. , YURIEVA YU.S.
Published: November 2024

The article deals with the issues of professional activity of students of technical universities, which component is information and types of work with it when teaching the discipline “Foreign Language". The purpose of this study is related to the identification Iof the peculiarities of working with information by students of technical universities. In the article the concept of information visualization is considered; its applied aspect in searching, analyzing and mastering information is studied. The study shows the most applied ways of information visualization that simplify and accelerate its mastering. Besides, the peculiarities of actions in drawing up mind maps, compression of information (on the example of tables), interpretation of statistical data are presented. The main difficulties of students in performing the stated forms of data visualization are analyzed. The main skills and abilities formed by students when compiling mind maps, tables and describing statistics (on the example of line graphs, histograms, structural diagrams) are revealed. The correlation between the thinking operations developed in the course of working with information in a foreign language and the fulfillment of an interdisciplinary research language project is shown.
THE NEWSPAPER “BAUMANETS” AS A SOURCE OF ADDITIONAL MATERIAL AT RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE LESSON
Authors: ZATSEPINA K.D. , YAKOVLEVA E.A.
Published: November 2024

The article highlights the problem of attracting additional non-adapted material in Russian as a foreign language class for students of B1 level. The methodology of working with a newspaper article is considered, examples of pre-textual and post-textual tasks are given. The relevance of the work is connected with the search for new sources for immersing foreign students in the language environment. The main goal is to develop an effective method of introducing foreign students to the newspaper published in the university where they study. The novelty of the article lies in the fact that the authors develop exercises for the learning of authentic text by foreign students. It is concluded that the use of newspaper material allows to realize in practice the communicative approach in teaching Russian as a foreign language and to prepare students for productive speech activity.
EXPERIMENTAL MODULE “CHINESE FOLK SONGS” OF THE TRADITIONAL EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM ‘ACADEMIC VOCAL”
Authors: ZISHU ZHANG
Published: November 2024

The relevance of the article is due to its focus on solving the problem of increasing the role of national art, Chinese ethno-cultural and cultural-historical traditions in the content of modern professional music education and musical culture of China. The main purpose of the article is to reveal the experimental module “Chinese folk songs" of the traditional educational program “Academic Vocal", developed and tested by the author of this article in Jining Pedagogical University within the framework of the research of the problem of increasing the role of vocal education in the preservation, development and popularization of the best traditions of Chinese folk-singing art. The article substantiates the importance of including Chinese folk songs in the teaching repertoire of academic vocal students. At present, this repertoire is usually limited to vocal works by European and American authors, which contradicts the current educational reform in China aimed at creating its own, nationally-oriented model of professional education. The article also gives a general characteristics of the module “Chinese Folk Songs", its purpose, tasks, structure and content, and presents the stages and main results of the experimental work on approbation of this module. In the final part of the article it is concluded that as a result of experimental work the influence of this module on the development of expressiveness of Chinese folk songs performance by students of the experimental group is proved.
THE LEVEL OF MOTOR ACTIVITY OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: AKANEEVA E.A.
Published: November 2024

This study is aimed at studying the level of motor activity and determining the main types of additional physical education and sports activities of preschool children. A survey was conducted among parents, which helped to understand whether, currently, there is a problem of a sedentary lifestyle among the younger generation. In addition, it was determined whether preschoolers attend additional physical education classes and how children's leisure is organized outside of kindergarten, what types of activities the children are engaged in when at home. The survey was also aimed at identifying significant problems in the field of additional physical education services for preschool children.
TRANSFORMATION OF THE ELECTRONIC INFORMATION AND EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY INTO A CUSTOMER-ORIENTED DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM
Authors: TARANUKHA S.N. , SAVELYEVA M.N.
Published: November 2024

The article examines the process of transformation of the electronic information and educational environment of the university into a client-oriented digital ecosystem based on the use of artificial intelligence technologies. The customer-oriented digital ecosystem of the university is considered as a set of basic and additional services of the electronic information and educational environment. Additional services can be implemented in the form of a family of bots that implement individual tasks within the life tasks of various groups of university clients: applicants, students, employees.
FROM GIFT TO GIFTEDNESS: FROM WORD TO CONCEPT
Authors: BOGOYAVLENSKAYA D.B.
Published: November 2024

The article discusses the connection between the concepts of “creativity” and “giftedness”. A brief description of the relationship between these concepts at different historical stages is given. The author criticizes the consideration of giftedness from the position of high development of abilities and substantiates the approach to giftedness as the ability to create and the need to include cognitive motivation as an essential factor in the phenomenon of giftedness.
AT THE BEHEST OF THE HEART. ARKADY GAIDARAND THE TIMUR MOVEMENT: PAST AND PRESENT
Authors: KRIVKO IA.P. , GONCHAROV M.A.
Published: November 2024

The Timur Movement is a unique social movement of the USSR, based onthe ideas of Arkady Gaidar’s novella “Timur and his Team”, published in 1940. Millions of children and teenagers were swayed by it for the purpose of voluntary gratuitousassistance to those in need, war veterans, for search work to restore information about dead soldiers, for taking care of their burial sites. In the post-war years, the Timur movement gradually acquired the featuresof a mass official organization coordinated and supported at the state level. Afterthe collapse of the USSR, the movement declined.
HISTORY AS A FACTOROF FORMING THE NATIONAL IDENTITY IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS: A HISTORIOGRAPHICAL ASPECT
Authors: BETANOV V.T. , SUDAKOVA T.G. , TUAEVA L.A. , DZILIKHOVA L.F.
Published: November 2024

The article discusses the historiographical aspectof the development of the regional history of the North Caucasus in the late XXth and early XXIst centuries and its participationin the process of forming the national identity in the North Caucasus region.
A Computer Simulation Study on Ion Optics Aiming at the Realization of Projection-Type Mass Spectrometry Imaging
Authors: Naito Yasuhide
Published: November 2024

The projection mode in mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) obtains ion images by retaining the spatial distribution of desorbed ions immediately after their generation as the ion images, then projecting them onto an ion detector of time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Compared to conventional MSI, projection-type MSI can deliver overwhelmingly higher spatial resolution. The mass resolution of projection-type MSI can be improved by a technique named post extraction differential acceleration (PEDA). To assess the feasibility of projection-type MSI with minimal modification of a commercially available laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, ion trajectory simulations were performed using the ion optics simulation program SIMION. Under boundary conditions that reproduce the ion acceleration region of the commercial mass spectrometer with a high fidelity, the trajectory simulation results were obtained for a huge number of combinations of ion masses, initial conditions, PEDA parameters, etc. The data analysis provided useful findings that can lead to the realization of projection-type MSI based on the modified commercial mass spectrometer, for instance, the imaging conditions for ion images in the commercial equipment, guidelines for optimizing PEDA parameters, and the effects of differences in PEDA high-voltage rising waveforms.
NAFTA – Integration for America
Authors: Lysoněk Josef
Published: November 2024

NAFTA – integrace pro Ameriku
Konec amerického století
Authors: Coker Christopher
Published: November 2024

Christopher Coker, docent Londýnské univerzity (London School of Economics), autor řady knih o bezpečnostních otázkách, šéfredaktor britského časopisu European Security Analyst.
Jaltská konference a otázka sfér vlivu velmocí v poválečné Evropě
Authors: Štrup Ivan
Published: November 2024

Ivan Štrup, nar. 1928, absolvent právnické fakulty Univerzity Karlovy, kandidát ekonomických věd. Řadu let pracoval v zahraničním obchodě v oboru vývozu investičnlch celků. Od roku 1964 působí v oblasti ekonomického výzkumu (zejména mikroekonomie a podnikové řízení), a to nejprve na Vysoké škole ekonomické, později v poradenských institucích a v letech 1975-1990 ve Výzkumném ústavu strojírenské technologie a ekonomiky. Nyní pracuje na katedře hospodářské politiky VŠE.
Trvale udržitelný rozvoj a Česká republika
Authors: Stehlík Jiří
Published: November 2024

Jiří Stehlík, nar. 1939, absolvent Přírodovědecké fakulty Univerzity Karlovy, obor ekonomická geografie. Po rehabilitaci se vrátil na Vysokou školu ekonomickou, kde pracuje v Institutu hospodářské politiky jako vedoucí výzkumný pracovník. Úzce spolupracuje s Ústavem mezinárodních vztahů.
Konflikt místo společenství?
Authors: Moravec Jan
Published: November 2024

Václav Kural: Konflikt místo společenství? Češi a Němci v československém státě (1918-1938). Nakladatelství R ve spolupráci s ÚMV, Praha 1993, 272 stran, ISBN 80- 901431-3-X.
Evropa
Authors: Séguin Philippe
Published: November 2024

Philippe Séguin, nar. 1943, francouzský politik. Po univerzitních studiích v Aix-en-Provence (francouzština, historie, politické vědy) pracoval ve vědeckých institucích Politickou kariéru zahájil v roce 1973 v kanceláři prezidenta republiky. Prošel četnými funkcemi ve vládních úřadech, v letech 1986-1988 byl ministrem sociálních věcí. V letech 1978-1986 a znovu od roku 1988 až dodnes je poslancem. V současnosti je předsedou Národního shromáždění, patři k nejvýznamnějším představitelům strany RPR.
Mírové operace: terminologická výzva mezinárodnímu společenství v období kooperace po skončení studené války
Authors: Thomas Timothy L.
Published: November 2024

Timothy L. Thomas, je ředitelem Foreign Military Studies Office (FMSO). Zabývá se především bezpečnostní situaci v
Evropě, zejména ve střední a východní, a terminologickými otázkami bezpečnosti a obrany.
Simulasi Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Rumah Cerdas Berbasis Delphi
Authors: Yani Achmat , Ubaidillah Achmad
Published: November 2024

Human life is growing rapidly from the residential environment to the industrial environment. One of the technological developments is the control system, so that everything is made easy and practical that can be monitored and controlled from the monitor layer or remotely. One example of the application of a control system in everyday life is a smart home that can regulate electronic equipment and monitor the condition of the house both wired and wirelessly. A smart home system is a combination of several systems between technology and services in a residential environment that serves to increase efficiency , security, and comfort for the occupants of the house. In general, a smart home system consists of several devices such as control, monitoring and automation of several electronic devices that can be accessed via a smartphone or computer layer. OFF can work. For the above experiment, it has worked well, temperature and humidity data can appear periodically and the ON/OFF button has also functioned properly to adjust the LED. If an error occurs in the simulation, it is expected to close the application via the task manager and recheck the program. for further research, if this is implemented in homes, the wiring can be tidied up so it doesn't fall apart. To connect from the application to the microcontroller please use USB TTL as serial communication.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Pecahan Beton Sebagai Pengganti Sebagian Agregat Kasar Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton Dengan Mutu F’C 18,68 MPa
Authors: Dwi Prastiyo Firmandika , Cahyono Iwan , Hidayat Ruslan
Published: November 2024

Beton merupakan faktor utamadalam bidang kontruksi pada saat ini. Sering kita jumpai material utama dalam pembuatan suatu kontruksi bangunan adalah beton. Jalan, jembatan, gedung bahkan dinding penahan pada bendungan pun juga dari beton.Beton dipilih sebagai bahan bangunan karena mempunyai kekuatan tekan yang tinggi. Secara struktural beton mempunyai tegangan tekan cukup besar, sehingga bermanfaat untuk struktur yang menahan gaya-gaya tekan. Akan tetapi, beton juga memiliki kelemahan yaitu kuat tariknya sangat rendah dan bersifat getas (britle), sehingga untuk menahan gaya tarik tersebut ditambahkan baja tulangan. Penambahan baja tulangan pun belum memberikan hasil yang optimal. Sering kita jumpai pada suatu balok terdapat retak halus yang disebabkan oleh gaya tarik yang bekerja pada balok tersebut.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kajian eksperimental di laboratorium. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan 5 (lima) variasi persentase penambahan limbah pecahan beton, yaitu 0% (kontrol); 10%; 20%; 30%; 40%  dan 50% dari berat semen awal dengan jumlah benda uji setiap variasi persentase berjumlah 5. Pengujian kuat tekan beton dilakukan ketika beton mencapai umur 28 hari.
Optimalisasi Komposisi Media Dan Molase Pada Hasil Pleurotus Ostreatus
Authors: Lutfiyah Nanik , Indah Fitriani Dwi
Published: November 2024

This study investigated the optimal use of wood species and molasses in cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus, commonly known as oyster mushroom. Previous studies have often neglected the specific impact of different wood media on mushroom yield, leading to inconsistent results in productivity. This study addresses these shortcomings by systematically evaluating the effects of wood species, including sengon, kapok, and teak, and adding molasses as a nutrient source. The methodology involved controlled experiments to assess growth parameters, including the duration of mycelial spread and the total number of fruiting bodies produced. The novelty of this study lies in the comprehensive approach of combining wood species selection with nutrient supplementation, which has not been extensively explored in previous studies. The results showed that sengon wood significantly increased fruiting body yield compared to kapok and teak, with an average of 12 fruiting bodies per bunch. This study not only provides insights into effective mushroom cultivation practices but also highlights the potential for increased productivity through strategic media selection and nutrient addition. Future benefits of this study include improved agricultural practices for mushroom farmers, leading to higher yields and better economic returns. These findings can serve as a basis for further studies aimed at optimizing mushroom cultivation techniques, ultimately contributing to sustainable agricultural development.
Financial Regulation and its Effects on Trade and Investment Architecture
Authors: Deepali Fernandes
Published: November 2024

Embark on an in-depth exploration of the intersection between the global trade and financial architecture and the challenges it poses for investors and regulators. By scrutinizing select post-2008 crisis macro and micro prudential regulations, amidst the challenges posed by technology, Brexit, and a post-COVID landscape, our interdisciplinary analysis unveils contradictions, provides a comprehensive analysis of economic, legal, and dispute settlement implications and sets forth key recommendations. An essential read for policymakers and practitioners navigating the evolving complexities of the financial and trade domains.
Application of a Neural Network in the Logical Control of an Electromechanical System
Authors:   Far Eastern State Transport University, Chernyshev D. V.
Published: November 2024

In some control and automation systems, logical transformations based on logic algebra equations are performed using software or through electrical circuits assembled on logical elements. This article presents a version of the software implementation of logical control as a result of the operation of a neural network. As an example, control is defined as the transformation of a binary set of one dimension into a set of another dimension, according to a given logical function. The conversion is based on the use of an artificial neural network of feedforward signal propagation. When training a neural network, a backpropagation algorithm is used. The training data uses a set of binary numbers as input and output vectors of the network and a logical function that establishes the relationship between them. The neural network and learning algorithm were created in the Python programming language using standard mathematical packages. After training the neural network with a given degree of accuracy, it is switched to the operating state and an input vector was supplied to the network input. The input vector consisted of a given set of binary numbers. In another variant, the coordinates of the input vector from a set of binary numbers randomly changed both in signal magnitude and duration during the operation period. The results of the operation of a neural network in implementing control in the absence and presence of interference in the input vector of the network are presented. The developed program code can be used in standard industrial controllers, both for the proposed transformation and for other logical transformations when changing the structure of the neural network and applying new training data.
Films of High Entropy Alloys. A Review
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Shapovalov V. I.
Published: November 2024

A brief review of research publications on films and coatings made of high-entropy alloys and solid solutions of their simple compounds is presented. A new approach to developing these materials is based on mixing five or more basic elements of the Periodic Table in equimolar or similar ratios. These materials are characterized by a high configurational entropy of mixing. As a result, during crystallization, these materials tend to form solely simple solid solution phases, mainly with a cubic crystal structure (face-centered – FCC and body-centered – BCC). This review is aimed at forming a general understanding of this new direction of materials science, which opens up unlimited prospects in the search for materials with ultra-high mechanical, thermal, corrosion, and other useful properties.
Electrodynamic Properties of Lead Zirconate Titanate in the Microwave Range in the Vicinity of High-Temperature Phase Transitions
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Astafev P. A. , Andryushin K. P. ,   Southern Federal University, Lerer A. M. ,   Southern Federal University, Reznichenko L. A. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: November 2024

Devoted to determining the mechanisms of dielectric constant dispersion in the frequency range 8.2...12.4 GHz in solid solutions of the PbZr(1–x)TixO3 (PZT) system depending on temperature, taking into account phase transitions. The object of study was a finely dispersed powder of the composition PbZr0.97Ti0.03O3, which has two phase transitions in the temperature range 25...250 °C: from antiferroelectric to ferroelectric state at a temperature of ~227 °C and from ferroelectric to paraelectric state at a temperature of ~240 °C. Measurements of reflection and transmittance coefficients in the specified temperature range were carried out using a rectangular waveguide, and the complex dielectric constant was calculated using the Nicholson–Ross–Weir method. Dielectric relaxation was detected in the frequency range under study, presumably associated with the soft mode mechanism. The greatest relaxation losses occur in the paraelectric and ferroelectric states in the vicinity of the phase transition. The material under study has the least losses when it is in an antiferroelectric state at temperatures close to room temperature.
Optical Transmittance of Standard and Reduced Graphene Oxide Films under Erbium Laser Treatment with Varying Energy Densities
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Ilin M. E. ,   Petersburg Nuclear Institute Physics of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Kamanina N. V. ,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University,   Petersburg Nuclear Institute Physics of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute»,   JSC «Research and Production Corporation S. I. Vavilova
Published: November 2024

The optical transmittance of thin films of standard and reduced graphene oxide was investigated. The IR spectra of two samples in the range of 1000…2400 nm were measured. The films were irradiated with an erbium laser at a wavelength of 1.54 μm with an impulse duration of 90 ns at energy densities from 30 to 350 mJ/cm2. The levels of energy passing through the samples and the threshold energies causing material destruction were determined. The obtained results can be used to evaluate the possibility of using graphenebased thin films as an optical limiter in electronic devices to ensure the safety of radiation perception by the human eye and radiation-sensitive components of optoelectronic circuits.
Smart Security : A Comprehensive Exploration of AI and IoT in Cybersecurity
Authors: Jyoti Bolannavar  , Dr. Sumati Ramakrishna Gowda
Published: November 2024

This paper investigates the transformative roles of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) in cybersecurity, especially as the complexity and connectivity of digital networks intensify. The rapid adoption of IoT devices in industries and homes alike has significantly broadened the cyber threat landscape, introducing countless points of vulnerability. Cybercriminals now target the vast and often unsecured data generated by IoT devices, exploiting weak access controls, outdated software, and inadequate encryption. In response, AI has become a critical tool in modern cybersecurity strategies, offering enhanced methods for threat detection, predictive analytics, and automated responses. AI-driven systems can proactively analyze patterns in network activity, detect anomalies, and anticipate future threats, all in real-time, providing a strong defence against increasingly sophisticated attacks. Additionally, AI facilitates automation in incident response, enabling immediate isolation or neutralization of threats before significant damage occurs. However, integrating IoT and AI in cybersecurity introduces new challenges, particularly concerning device interoperability, resource limitations in IoT devices, and privacy concerns due to the extensive data generated and processed. This paper explores these technologies in depth, examining their current applications, limitations, and the potential they hold for building smarter, more resilient cybersecurity frameworks in the future.
SMS Spam Filteration Using Text Features and Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Rashmi Pandey  , Pushpendra Prajapati  , Vibhanshu Kumar Singh  , Mayank Tyagi  , Chetan Anand Amb
Published: November 2024

Over time, technological advancements have had an immense effect on every aspect of life, including travel, office work, music, healthcare, and communication. In the past, people communicated using telephone lines. With far more functionality than telephone cable technology, wireless technology already prevails. SMS is mostly used by spammers and advertising firms to communicate with the general public and distribute company pamphlets. This explains why over 60% of spam SMS are sent and received every day. Although these spam communications irritate users and occasionally con unsuspecting users, the spammers and ad businesses benefit handsomely from them. This paper suggested a method for categorizing ham and spam SMS using supervised machine learning approaches. Features are extracted from data using feature extraction techniques like bag-of- words and Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF). The imbalance in the SMS dataset we used was addressed by applying both oversampling and under sampling techniques. The support vector classifier, gradient boosting machine, random forest, Gaussian Naive Bayes, and logistics regression are implemented on the using spam SMS and ham SMS data sets, evaluated by F1 score, accuracy, precision and recall are used to assess performance. According to the experiment's findings, the random forest diagnoses spam and ham SMS more precisely-99% of the time.
Random Forest-Based Forensic Investigation of Non-Fungible Tokens: for Enhanced Detection and Anomaly Identification
Authors: Dr. Devaseelan S  , Dr. B.M. Praveen
Published: November 2024

The proposed work builds upon the Random Forest machine learning algorithm to improve the process of digit forensic investigation in case of NFT. The following structure of this framework is aimed at identifying and disabling fraudulent or suspicious activities in NFT transactions by comparing different parameters like the Detection Time, False Positive Rate, the Total Transaction Volume Analyzed, the Anomalous Transaction Ratio, Clustering Accuracy, Data Utilization Efficiency, and Detection Sensitivity. Through using Random Forest, a solid ensemble learning technique that is well known for its on high accuracy as well as off overfitting tendency, it optimistically improves the identifying abilities of the framework in isolation of the false positives. The ability of the proposed system to deliver optimal results is further explained by line plots, area charts, histograms, and stem plots which all provide the variation of these metrics as the time proceeds. Not only does it enhance the effectiveness of detecting the fraudulent transactions, but it also enhances the application of data in the forensic analysis that creates a great advantage in the increasing realm of digital assets for investigators.
The Uneven Geography of Access to Live Performances of Western Classical Music in the United States
Authors: Jones Will , Kim Junghwan
Published: November 2024

This study evaluates accessibility to live performances of Western classical music across 3,109 U.S. counties. It analyzes 100 popular concertos and symphonies from this genre (e.g., Beethoven’s Symphony No. 9, Ode to Joy) to reveal socio-spatial disparities. Midwestern counties show poorer accessibility than West and East Coasts, with the highest mean accessibility scores in the fall and the lowest in summer. A hurdle model indicates that counties with higher population density are significantly associated with greater accessibility. An interactive online StoryMap embedded with recorded performances offers a synesthetic experience for exploring accessibility to live Western classical music performances.
Heterogeneity of Land Uses near Electric Vehicle Charging Stations and their Affordability in Chicago, Illinois
Authors: Bhargava Ria , Zhang Ruolin , Kontou Eleftheria
Published: November 2024

Electric vehicles (EVs) have a growing market share in the US and several policies promote their ownership and use. EV drivers face significantly longer charging times at public charging stations, compared to internal combustion engine vehicle drivers. When charging stations are colocated with other land uses, such as shopping and recreational ones, EV drivers can plan their trips and turn their charging down time to a productive or enjoyable experience. This study examines the variety of businesses and premises located near public charging stations in Chicago, Illinois, and explores their pricing levels, which may influence the accessibility of charging stations for EV users from diverse socio-economic backgrounds. Our findings reveal that the businesses closest to charging stations predominantly include food establishments, shops, and tourism-related venues, with the majority falling into affordable pricing categories. These results suggest that public charging stations in Chicago are situated in areas with amenities that cater to a wide range of income levels, promoting equitable access to EV infrastructure. On the other hand, chargers are overwhelmingly placed in majority white neighborhoods. We highlight the importance of considering both amenities proximity and affordability in the assessment of public charging infrastructure to support a more inclusive and equitable transition to electric vehicles.
The Intangible Values of Placemaking in Engaging Youth for Activating and Shaping Places
Authors: Borini Martina , Campioli Stefania
Published: November 2024

Placemaking represents a multifunctional approach to urban design that brings together communities around places to foster their sense of belonging and enhance the identity of urban spaces. These places represent the backbone of the city, not only for their physical dimension, but also for social and cultural interactions, where youth have an active role in envisioning a new future for cities by actively participating in placemaking processes, acquiring a strong sense of ownership, and creating youth-friendly places. In that vision, schools can boost this approach by starting to rethink public spaces around them together with students. This study addresses, firstly, the necessity to recognise the intangible values of urban projects by assessing the values of a placemaking process when no physical changes have yet been realised. Secondly, it delves into the benefits of engaging youth in the creation of inclusive and sustainable cities. It examines how youth engagement in these processes can be advantageous and how schools can play a crucial role in the development of public spaces by participating in placemaking activities.To address these research questions and evaluate the intangible values, an “Impacts Assessment Framework” was developed. This tool helps reconsider challenges by expanding their scope and seeking solutions. The framework was also used to evaluate the “Carpi Campus” experience, assessing the impacts of intangible values from the initial phase, even before physical changes were implemented. The intangible values of placemaking in engaging youth include understanding and addressing complex issues pedagogically, training in active citizenship (including typically excluded individuals in urban planning), and fostering new design abilities for envisioning future scenarios.
Exploring the Digital Practices of the Youth
Authors: Nguyen Thien , Goldstein Shoshana
Published: November 2024

This paper focuses on the evolving dynamics of digital youth engagement in revitalising public spaces, presenting a compelling case study of the Saigon Zoo-Botanical Garden in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The Saigon Zoo and Botanical Garden (also known as Saigon Zoo) was once a popular entertainment hub. However, during the 2000s, there was a gradual decline in interest among young visitors, attributed to negative narratives in the public media. This decline almost led to closure amid the global COVID-19 pandemic. Aware of the situation, the youth began to embrace a proactive role in promoting the site through social media. They shared delightful moments of the zoo’s animals, setting a trend for taking portraits against the backdrop of its picturesque botanical scenery. Through both physical and digital involvement, the youth breathed fresh life into this historical destination, engaging in acts of photo-taking and photo-sharing when visiting the Saigon Zoo. This study explores the case of the Saigon Zoo, examining how digital involvement influences the youth’s perception and engagement with space. Given the nature of this study, the interview process and Photovoice method were employed to understand the digital-related behaviours of the youth. The findings underscore the positive impact of digital engagement on well-being while emphasising the need for a balanced approach to foster optimal engagement.
An Empirical Case Study on Public Spaces and Youth Health and Mental Well-being in Botswana Cities and Major Urban Villages
Authors: Dick Rebaone Ruth , Mosweu Tepo Kesaobaka
Published: November 2024

Public spaces are vital in urban image and a settlement’s sociocultural fabric and identity. Furthermore, public spaces affect the degree to which people and the community socialise, especially young people who face adverse challenges that affect their health and mental well-being. Research has proven that connection with nature and safe play spaces are vital to youth’s healthy lives and cognitive and social development, where peer pressure and developing a sense of belonging are critical issues to youth who have become more susceptible to the effects of social exclusion in a digitising and urbanising world. However, intense urban transformation processes have led to an influx of challenges and sometimes threats to public spaces that require countries and the globe to revert some of the city systems and policies that govern settlements. Nonetheless, there should be an integration and interconnection between youth initiatives and urban systems for convivial public spaces. Through an empirical case study, composed of a mixed data collection approach using literature review, observation, questionnaire, and interview surveys, this research provides a more critical approach to assess public spaces in Botswana and their impact on youth mental health and social well-being who are faced with adverse challenges including social exclusion, unemployment, and drug and alcohol abuse. This paper starts by giving a background overview, then gives an in-depth understanding of public space in Africa, focusing on Botswana and probes to understand youth health and mental well-being in a continually urbanising and globalising world.
Steering Through Negotiations of the Self and the Surround
Authors: Siingh Arryan
Published: November 2024

In 2021, youth in India amounted to 371.4 million, representing a 22.7% population share (Youth in India-2022 Ministry of Statistics and Implementation). The haphazard urbanisation occurring in a city like Mumbai has resulted in the creation and further development of slums. The Western outlook of urban development for a culturally rich and homogenous city like Mumbai has resulted in the “othering” of Youth. Spaces that are meant for the community are used to create commercial properties. The community is, in turn, squeezed into slum rehabilitation homes. One witnesses a slash and burn of various communities- the youth being a common target among these. The city has created an increase in voids with the absence of any human interaction, and hyperactive spaces have germinated with vehicular obstructions restricting pedestrian movement. With its dichotomies, the city has created a platform where physical conglomerations are considered loitering, while digital platforms have become virtual playgrounds for the transference of thoughts and ideas. For each member of the city’s youth that lacks access to open space, there exist dozens who gather in these digital centres. We, therefore, notice an interesting dynamic in the city where digital evolution and accessibility surpasses one’s physical existence in the urban fabric. There have been attempts at making spaces within this fabric that are accessible for play, education, and gathering. The digital connection grows stronger than the physical-spatial one. The youth still triumphantly evolve through these disconnected connections. It is either this or non-existence. This photo essay attempts to bring forward this tumultuous relationship between youth and the urban domain, of the privatised open spaces and the global digital stage. The youth in the city, and by extension, the country, attempt to navigate this duality.
Large B Cell Lymphoma as A Rare Cause of Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Melena in An Elderly Patient: A Case Report
Authors: AlHashmi Majid , Mohamed Ali , Alshaikhmohamed Malekh , AlSaffar Ali , AbuAlsaud Baha , Almulla Fadel , Alzayer Hassan , Makki Murtaga
Published: November 2024

Large B-cell lymphoma is a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that can affect the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and poses diagnostic challenges owing to its non-specific symptoms. This study reports the case of a 70-year-old male with a history of cardiovascular disease who presented with melena and vague abdominal pain, initially regarded as emerging from common GI disorders. Endoscopic findings revealed large gastric ulcers with suspicious features, and biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of large B-cell lymphoma. Imaging showed metastasis, complicating the patient’s condition. Managing this case required careful balancing of antiplatelet therapy for his cardiovascular disease with the pressing need to control GI bleeding. The patient benefited from a multidisciplinary approach involving gastroenterology, cardiology, and oncology teams. This case shows the importance of early endoscopic evaluation and biopsy in elderly patients with persistent GI symptoms, as early diagnosis of rare conditions like gastric lymphoma can significantly improve treatment outcomes.
تفكير الأدب الإسلاميّ المعاصر في الدول العربيّة: نشأته وبواكير أعلامه وحقيقته
Authors: Musling Mohd Nizwan , Samah Rosni
Published: November 2024

The study aims to investigate the origins of Modern Islamic Literature (MIL) thinking among Arab pioneers and their efforts in revealing the features of this literature. The study employed the historical inductive method by tracing the pioneers’ works and studies that dealt with the MIL. One of the most important findings of this study is Ali Al-Nadawi started the thinking of MIL. Then Sayyid Qutb in 1952 initiated this idea and strongly advocated it through his article entitled “Manhaj al-Adab”. Then his brother Muhammad Qutb continued this effort through his book, “Manhaj al-Adab al-Islamiy”, explaining the opinions and issues raised by Sayyid Qutb until this book is considered as the first book in the Arabic language addresses the literary problems in the light of Islam. This call continued until the MIL is defined as the beautiful expression of the universe, life, human and the Creator through Islam’s worldview. It has its formal technical characteristics, which are the correct word that inspires the Islamic spirit, the tight style and precise systems. In contrast, the intrinsic characteristics consist of the idea and the emotion that build on the Islamic worldview of the universe, life, human and the Creator.
يهدف هذا البحث إلى الكشف عن نشأة تفكير الأدب الإسلاميّ المعاصر لدى رواده من العلماء العرب، ثم إبراز مجهوداتهم في تجلية معالم هذا الأدب. ويتكأ البحث على المنهج الاستقرائيّ التاريخيّ بتتبّع مؤلَّفات الرواد في هذا الحقل المعرفيّ، والدراسات التي تناولت الأدب الإسلاميّ المعاصر. ومن أهمّ ما توصَّل إليه البحث أنَّ تفكير الأدب الإسلاميّ المعاصر قد بدأ على يد علي الندوي. ثم بادر سيد قطب إلى هذه الفكرة ودعا إليها بقوةٍ خلالَ مقالته بعنوان "منهج الأدب" التي صدرت سنة 1952. ثم واصل هذا الجهدَ أخوه محمّد قطب من خلال كتابه "منهج الفن الإسلاميّ"، موضِّحاً فيه الآراء والقضايا التي أثارها سيد قطب حتى يعدّ هذا الكتاب أوّل كتابٍ باللغة العربية يُعالج القضايا الأدبيّة في ضوء الإسلام. وتعاقبت هذه الدعوة حتى يتحدَّد تعريف الأدب الإسلاميّ المعاصر بأنه التعبير الجميل عن الكون والحياة والإنسان والخالق من خلال تصوُّر الإسلام لها. وله خصائص فنية شكليّة تتمثّل في الكلمة الصحيحة الموحية بالروح الإسلاميّة، والأسلوب المحكم والنظم الدقيق. وأما خصائصه الجوهريّة فهي تتألَّف من الفِكرة والعاطفة تبنيان على التصوّر الإسلاميّ للكون، والحياة، والإنسان، والخالق.
أنماط مهارة المحادثة وحاجات طلبة اللغة العربية الناطقين بغيرها في المرحلة الجامعيّة في تنمية مهارة المحادثة (ماليزيا ومملكة تايلاند أنموذجًا)
Authors: Hasan Yaakob , Mohd Hamidin Norfaezah , Zaini Abdul Razif , Asmimana Kate , Hengpiya Abdulhakam , M. Kaba Abdulai
Published: November 2024

Previous studies indicate that the proficiency of Arabic language learners in non-Arabic speaking regions of Southeast Asia, particularly in Malaysia and Thailand, is weak despite some of them having a good grasp of linguistic rules. The reason behind this is their limited practice and use of the Arabic language. On the other hand, the primary purpose of language is communication and interaction with others. From this perspective, it is important to train learners to use the language in a variety of contexts and situations, as well as in different conversation styles. A study was conducted using a questionnaire consisting of ten conversation skill patterns for 30 Arabic language students at the undergraduate level in the Islamic University of Selangor, Malaysia, and Prince of Songkla University, Thailand. In the Islamic University of Selangor, the study found that the learners' needs were met with the discussion pattern ranking first, followed by the description of pictures ranking second, and then the storytelling pattern ranking third. In Prince of Songkla University, the study revealed that learners' needs were met with the role-play pattern ranking first, followed by the question and answer pattern ranking second, and then the representation pattern ranking third.
تشير الدراسات السابقة إلى أنّ مستوى دارسي اللغة العربية الناطقين بغيرها في جنوب شرق آسيا، وخاصة ماليزيا وتايلند ضعيف، على الرغم من تمكن بعضهم من قواعد اللغة؛ والسبب في ذلك هو قلة ممارستهم واستخدامهم اللغة العربية. ومن ناحية أخرى، فإنّ الغرض الأساسي للغة هو التواصل والتفاعل مع الآخرين، ومن هذا المنطلق، ينبغي علينا تدريب الدارسين على استخدام اللغة في مجموعة متنوعة من السياقات والمواقف، وفي أنماط مختلفة في مهارة المحادثة، وقد قامت الدراسة بإجراء استبيان مكون من عشرة أنماط لمهارة المحادثة لعدد 30 طالب وطالبة اللغة العربية في مرحلة البكالوريوس في الجامعة الإسلامية بسلانجور، ماليزيا وكذلك في جامعة الأمير سونكلا، تايلند، وفي الجامعة الإسلامية بسلانجور، توصلت الدراسة في معرفة حاجات الدارسين إلى أن نمط (المناقشة) حصل على الرتبة الأولى ثم يليه نمط (وصف الصور) حصل على الرتبة الثانية، ثم يليه نمط (قصّ الحكايات) حصل على الرتبة الثالثة. وفي جامعة الأمير سونكلا، توصلت الدراسة في معرفة حاجات الدارسين إلى أن نمط (لعب الأدوار) حصل على الرتبة الأولى ثم يليه نمط (السؤال والجواب) حصل على الرتبة الثانية، ثم يليه نمط (التمثيل) حصل على الرتبة الثالثة.
Modeling the Segmental Lining Behavior Using an Analytical Segmental Joint Model
Authors: Yang Fan , Liu Guang , Liu Wu , Liu Kang , Wang Yan-qiao , Yao Huayan
Published: November 2024

To investigate the influence of joints on the segmental lining behavior for a shield tunnel, an analytical model incorporating the effect of the concrete and gaskets is proposed for the segmental joints. Based on the results of the analytical model, a beam-spring numerical model is established for the segmental lining, and parametric studies of the gasket and bolt are conducted to reveal the segmental lining behavior. The numerical results indicate that the joint has a slight influence on the axial force of the segmental lining but significantly affects the bending moment and deformation of the segmental lining. With increasing the gasket thickness or decreasing the gasket hardness, the maximum moment is decreased and the ellipticity is increased, which leads the bending capacity of the segmental lining to be decreased significantly. Therefore, the influence of gaskets should be an indispensable factor during the design of the segmental lining. However, with increasing the bolt pretightening force or the bolt cross-sectional area, the bending capacity of the segmental lining is improved only to a certain extent. Since the ellipticity of the segmental lining is slightly influenced by these bolt parameters, the improvement in the bending capacity can even be neglected.
International Role Perspective of Indonesia’s Participation in the Second United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF II) 1975–1977
Authors: Safi Fathomi Abdillah , Kurniawan Yandry
Published: November 2024

This article analyzes Indonesia's envisioned international role as it maintained its deployment of armed forces as part of the Garuda Contingent in the Second United Nations Emergency Forces (UNEF II) mission from 1975 to 1977, despite concurrently conducting military operations in Portuguese Timor. This research uses role theory as an analytical framework to explain Indonesia's objectives and role in deploying peacekeepers abroad during the greatest military deployment since independence. By applying a qualitative-deductive approach, the final results of this article indicate that Indonesia has sent the Garuda VIII Contingents to UNEF II as part of Indonesia's commitment to world peace and supporting the principles of the United Nations. In addition, Indonesia is striving to strengthen its diplomatic position and gain legitimacy from international states. Despite the conflict in Portuguese Timor, Indonesia remains consistent in fulfilling its role and responsibilities as a state of international peace and security. This research provides a better understanding of the motivation and role that Indonesia wants to take on one of its peacekeeping missions and its contribution to regional and global stability.