bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A qualitative assessment and short‐term mediation analysis of defeat, entrapment, and suicide
Authors: Rasmussen Susan , Cramer Robert J. , Nascimbene Laura , Robertson Ryan A. , Cacace Sam , Bowling Jessamyn
Published: August 2023

Objectives

The Integrated Motivational‐Volitional Model (IMV) of Suicide is growing in empirical support. The present study advances IMV research through two aims: (1) to qualitatively probe the subjective experiences of defeat, internal entrapment, and external entrapment, and (2) conducting a 3‐month prospective mediation analysis using quantitative and qualitative metrics of defeat and entrapment.

Methods

The study featured an online two‐point survey separated by 3 months. Participants were 255 adults living in the United Kingdom.

Results

Persons endorsing qualitative defeat and internal entrapment in their narratives also showed higher quantitative scores on corresponding IMV and suicide‐related self‐report scales. Internal entrapment mediated the effect of baseline defeat on 3‐month suicidal ideation, whereas external entrapment mediated the association of baseline defeat on 3‐month suicide attempt likelihood. Quantitative assessment of entrapment was more significantly associated with suicide attempts and ideation within mediation tests compared to corresponding qualitative variables.

Conclusions

IMV model principles are largely supported by findings. Mediation results support further consideration of entrapment and defeat within clinical practice and public health‐focused suicide research. Understanding the complexity of entrapment narratives represents an important next step for conducting qualitative IMV‐focused research with minoritized and high‐risk suicide populations.
Direct and vicarious experiences of discrimination and rumination among Latinos before and during the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Volpert‐Esmond Hannah I. , Aboargob Manal
Published: August 2023

People from racial/ethnic minority groups can experience discrimination in various ways, including both being the direct target of discrimination (directly experienced discrimination) and learning about others' experiences of discrimination (vicariously experienced discrimination). Additionally, the frequency of these experiences may change over time as larger societal changes occur. In this retrospective self‐report study, we examined how Latinos' experiences of discrimination changed during the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic, examining both direct and vicariously experienced discrimination, in real life and online. Participants reported significantly less discrimination in‐person during the beginning of the pandemic relative to before the pandemic (both direct and vicarious), but no changes for direct or vicarious discrimination experienced online. We also examined changes in rumination, a maladaptive coping strategy thought to prolong negative effects of discrimination. Rumination was experienced more frequently than discrimination in general and increased during the beginning of the pandemic. Importantly, experiences of discrimination and rumination were related to mental health outcomes, including anxiety, depression, and loneliness.
Consonantal decomposition in interlanguage mapping*
Authors: Ahn Sang‐Cheol
Published: August 2023

This paper analyzes segmental decomposition processes in interlanguage mapping, showing that the major place property is the most important factor among all phonological properties to be preserved. For instance, the duality of the Japanese fricative /ɸ/ triggers segmental decomposition both in Japanese loan adaptation of the English /f/ and in Korean adaptation of the Japanese fricative. Moreover, the targets of decomposition may include affricates, fricatives, and even a velar nasal. Furthermore, allophonic variation in the source language may show up in the recipient language as variations, even in transcription. Finally, I discuss the role of VOT which contributes to the interlanguage mapping.
Troubling economic geography: New directions in the post‐pandemic world
Authors: Yeung Henry Wai‐chung
Published: August 2023

This intervention focuses on recent disruptions and transformations in the (post)pandemic world economy that will likely ‘trouble’ economic geographers for some time to come. It aims to foster constructive dialogues and move conversations forward in the expanding field of economic geography whose presence and relevance in critical human geography is ironically at stake. I contend that economic geography in the early 2020s is characterised by a changing world and a changing generation of more diverse researchers who can be innovative enough to take on these troubling themes for future research. I suggest four such research directions that combine new themes of geopolitics and risks in remaking the global economy with older issues of work and environment that certainly merit renewed interest and greater analytical attention in the field. Taken together, these new horizons for economic geography research throughout the 2020s and beyond can be well capitalised upon to enhance the intellectual and public relevance of the field.
Prevalence and factors associated with initial and subsequent shockable cardiac arrest rhythms and their association with patient outcomes in dogs and cats undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A RECOVER registry study
Authors: Vega Suarez Laura , Epstein Steven E. , Martin Linda G. , Davidow Elizabeth B. , Hoehne Sabrina N. ,   the RECOVER CPR Registry Consortium
Published: August 2023

Objective

To report the prevalence of initial shockable cardiac arrest rhythms (I‐SHKR), incidence of subsequent shockable cardiac arrest rhythms (S‐SHKR), and factors associated with I‐SHKRs and S‐SHKRs and explore their association with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) rates in dogs and cats undergoing CPR.

Design

Multi‐institutional prospective case series from 2016 to 2021, retrospectively analyzed.

Setting

Eight university and eight private practice veterinary hospitals.

Animals

A total of 457 dogs and 170 cats with recorded cardiac arrest rhythm and event outcome reported in the Reassessment Campaign on Veterinary Resuscitation CPR registry.

Measurements and Main Results

Logistic regression was used to evaluate association of animal, hospital, and arrest variables with I‐SHKRs and S‐SHKRs and with patient outcomes. Odds ratios (ORs) were generated, and significance was set at P < 0.05. Of 627 animals included, 28 (4%) had I‐SHKRs. Odds for I‐SHKRs were significantly higher in animals with a metabolic cause of arrest (OR 7.61) and that received lidocaine (OR 17.50) or amiodarone (OR 21.22) and significantly lower in animals experiencing arrest during daytime hours (OR 0.22), in the ICU (OR 0.27), in the emergency room (OR 0.13), and out of hospital (OR 0.18) and that received epinephrine (OR 0.19). Of 599 initial nonshockable rhythms, 74 (12%) developed S‐SHKRs. Odds for S‐SHKRs were significantly higher in animals with higher body weight (OR 1.03), hemorrhage (OR 2.85), or intracranial cause of arrest (OR 3.73) and that received epinephrine (OR 11.36) or lidocaine (OR 18.72) and significantly decreased in those arresting in ICU (OR 0.27), emergency room (OR 0.29), and out of hospital (OR 0.38). Overall, 171 (27%) animals achieved ROSC, 81 (13%) achieved sustained ROSC, and 15 (2%) survived. Neither I‐SHKRs nor S‐SHKRs were significantly associated with ROSC.

Conclusions

I‐SHKRs and S‐SHKRs occur infrequently in dogs and cats undergoing CPR and are not associated with increased ROSC rates.
Possible development and resolution of dilated cardiomyopathy phenotype secondary to atypical hypoadrenocorticism in a dog
Authors: Riggs Alexandra H. , Rhinehart Jaylyn , Cooper Edward S.
Published: August 2023

Objective

To report the possible occurrence of dilated cardiomyopathy phenotype associated with atypical hypoadrenocorticism and subsequent marked improvement with treatment in a mixed breed dog.

Case Summary

A 4.5‐year‐old, neutered male mixed breed dog was evaluated for a history and clinicopathological changes consistent with atypical hypoadrenocorticism. The dog was being fed a grain‐free diet. While hospitalized for supportive care and diagnostics, the patient developed and was diagnosed with biventricular congestive heart failure secondary to dilated cardiomyopathy phenotype and IV fluid administration. The left‐sided congestive heart failure resolved with discontinuation of IV fluid therapy and short‐term administration of diuretics. After treatment of atypical hypoadrenocorticism with glucocorticoid supplementation, and while continuing to be fed varying grain‐free diets, the patient's dilated cardiomyopathy phenotype largely resolved. The patient fully recovered and did not require any long‐term cardiac medications.

New or Unique Information Provided

Development of dilated cardiomyopathy phenotype has not been described in dogs as a sequela of untreated hypoadrenocorticism but has been reported in human literature. Given the fact that standard management of hypoadrenocorticism typically involves aggressive fluid resuscitation, awareness of this potential sequela is important for patients that fail to respond or develop signs consistent with volume overload.
The impact of tutoring on nursing students' clinical judgment: A quasi‐experimental study
Authors: Davis Beena , Anderson Jeffrey , Gonzales Mildred
Published: August 2023

Background

Nurses' lack of clinical judgment often leads to adverse patient outcomes due to failure to recognize clinical deterioration, intervene, and manage complications. Teaching clinical judgment through a nursing process can help nursing students provide safe and competent patient care with improved health outcomes and to pass the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX‐RN).

Aims

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of tutoring on clinical judgment of undergraduate nursing students utilizing Lasater's Clinical Judgment Rubric (LCJR). This study also compared the clinical judgment of male and female nursing students and students from different semester levels.

Methods

This quasi‐experimental study utilized a single group pretest, posttest design. A convenience sample of n = 40 undergraduate nursing students from the Los Angeles County College of Nursing and Allied Health participated in the study. The participants underwent a pretest simulation, four sessions of the Clinical Judgment Model (CJM)‐based tutoring, and a posttest simulation.

Results

The posttest clinical judgment scores (35.70 ± 3.6) were significantly different from the pretest scores (25.78 ± 5.20). The tutoring had a significant effect on the clinical judgment of nursing students t(39) = −11.64, n = 40, p < .001, at 95% CI of the mean difference.

Linking Evidence to Action

Enhancing nursing students' clinical judgment is crucial to provide high‐quality, safe patient care with improved health outcomes. The CJM‐based tutoring is an effective strategy for developing clinical judgment in nursing students. This new teaching approach can train students to critically think, develop clinical judgment, and prepare for the complex healthcare environment. Therefore, nurse educators should focus on integrating clinical judgment into the prelicensure nursing program curriculum as a priority.
Fourier expansion of light‐cone Eisenstein series
Authors: Kelmer Dubi , Yu Shucheng
Published: August 2023

In this work, we give an explicit formula for the Fourier coefficients of Eisenstein series corresponding to certain arithmetic lattices acting on hyperbolic ‐space. As a consequence, we obtain results on location of all poles of these Eisenstein series as well as their supremum norms. We use this information to get new results on counting rational points on spheres.
Tropical descendant invariants with line constraints
Authors: Blomme Thomas , Markwig Hannah
Published: August 2023

Via correspondence theorems, rational log Gromov–Witten invariants of the plane can be computed in terms of tropical geometry. For many cases, there exists a range of algorithms to compute tropically: for instance, there are (generalised) lattice path counts and floor diagram techniques. So far, the cases for which there exist algorithms do not extend to non‐stationary rational descendant log Gromov–Witten invariants, that is, those where Psi‐conditions do not have to be matched up with the evaluation of a point. The case of rational descendant log Gromov–Witten invariants satisfying point conditions (without Psi‐conditions) and one Psi‐condition of any power combined with a line plays a particularly important role, because it shows up in mirror symmetry as contributions to coefficients of the ‐function. We provide recursive formulas to compute those numbers via tropical methods. Our method is inspired by the tropical proof of the WDVV equations. We also extend our study to counts involving two lines, both paired up with a Psi‐condition, appearing with power 1.
Circulating Gal‐3 and sST2 are associated with acute exercise‐induced sustained endothelial activation: Possible relevance for fibrosis development?
Authors: Kröpfl Julia M. , Beltrami Fernando G. , Gruber Hans‐Jürgen , Schmidt‐Trucksäss Arno , Dieterle Thomas , Spengler Christina M.
Published: August 2023

Long‐term, intense endurance exercise training can occasionally induce endothelial micro‐damage and cardiac fibrosis. The underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Twenty healthy, well‐trained male participants (10 runners and 10 cyclists) performed a strenuous high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) session matched by age, height, weight and maximal oxygen consumption. We assessed the acute exercise response of novel cardiac biomarkers of fibrosis [e.g., galectin‐3 (Gal‐3) and soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2)] per exercise modality and their relationship with haemodynamic contributors, such as preload, afterload and cardiac contractility index (CTi), in addition to endothelial damage by sustained activation and shedding of endothelial cells (ECs). Serum Gal‐3 and sST2 concentrations were investigated by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays; haemodynamics were analysed via impedance plethysmography and circulating ECs by flow cytometry. The Gal‐3 and sST2 concentrations and ECs were elevated after exercise (P < 0.001), without interaction between exercise modalities. Circulating Gal‐3 and sST2 concentrations both showed a positive relationship with ECs (rrm = 0.68, P = 0.001 and rrm = 0.57, P = 0.010, respectively, both n = 18). The EC association with Gal‐3 was significant only in cyclists, but equally strong for both modalities. Gal‐3 was also related to exercise‐induced CTi (rrm = 0.57, P = 0.011, n = 18). Cardiac wall stress is increased after an acute HIIT session but does not differ between exercise modalities. Exercise‐released Gal‐3 from cardiac macrophages could very probably drive systemic endothelial damage, based on an enhanced CTi. The importance of acute exercise‐induced vascular resistances and cardiac contractility for the release of fibrotic biomarkers and any long‐term pathological endothelial adaptation should be investigated further, also relative to the exercise modality.
Rediscovery of Forcipomyia (Trichohelea) opilionivora (Lane, 1947) (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) in Brazil after 75 years
Authors: Dias Corrêa Caio Cezar , Gil-Azevedo Leonardo Henrique , Cruz Mendes Amanda
Published: August 2023

The species Forcipomyia (Trichohelea) opilionivora (Lane, 1947) (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) was rediscovered in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 75 years after its original description. This study aimed to investigate the ectoparasitic relationship between F. (T.) opilionivora and its host and document its occurrence, which was recorded serendipitously during the collection of Opiliones (harvestmen) specimens in Parque Nacional do Itatiaia in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. After the collection, both specimens were subjected to photographic documentation and preserved for further examination. This study presents the first photographic record of the ectoparasitic relationship between F. (T.) opilionivora and a harvestman, shedding light on a poorly studied interaction. The host specimen was identified as a female of Holcobunus nigripalpis Roewer, 1910 (Opiliones, Sclerosomatidae), a gagrelline commonlyfound in the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil. Previous records of ectoparasitism between Ceratopogonidae and harvestmen were limited to the family level (Sclerosomatidae species, specifically Gagrellinae or Leiobuninae). However, no specific host species had been identified until now. The rediscovery of F. (T.) opilionivora, along with the identification of its host, addresses a significant gap in our knowledge regarding the biology and distribution of this species and provides valuable insights into the intricate relationships between biting midges and arachnids. This study emphasizes the need for further investigations into the biology of these ectoparasitic species and underscores the importance of documenting and studying lesser-known interactions within ecosystems.
Investigation of Thermal Radiation, Atomization Air, and Fuel Temperature Effects on Liquid Fuel Combustion
Authors: Bazdidi-Tehrani Farzad , Rezaei Amir Hossein , Ghiyasi Mehdi
Published: August 2023

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of radiative heat transfer, atomization air temperature and mass flowrate, and fuel initial temperature on liquid diesel fuel (C16H34) combustion. Fuel is injected by an airblast atomizer inside a model cylindrical combustion chamber. Geometry of the airblast atomizer is modeled in detail so that its impacts on droplet breakup and flow formation are accurately considered. Evaporating fuel spray is simulated by the discrete phase model based on the Eulerian–Lagrangian approach. Turbulent viscosity is numerically computed by the realizable k–ɛ turbulence model while the discrete ordinates model and the steady flamelet model are applied for modeling the radiative heat transfer and combustion, respectively. NO species concentrations are achieved using post-processing. It turns out that neglecting thermal radiation in well-atomized spray combustion only affects high-temperature zones by increasing the axial temperature values of the mixture by almost 8%. Thermal radiation has an imperative effect on producing NO species. Without considering thermal radiation, axial NO concentration becomes almost doubled. Augmentation in mass flowrate and temperature values of atomization air enhances spray formation and combustion efficiency by increasing the evaporation rate. Changing the fuel temperature from 300 K to 325 K rises the total temperature at the end of the centerline of the model combustion chamber by 9.8%. It is shown that increasing the fuel’s initial temperature is not a suitable choice compared to enhancing the temperature and mass flowrate of the atomization air.
Performance Science Domains: Contemporary Strategies for Teams Preparing for the Rugby World Cup
Authors: Kilduff Liam P. , Pyne David B. , Cook Christian J.
Published: August 2023

Purpose: As the start of the 10th Rugby Union World Cup approaches, performance staff will be working on the final elements of their teams’ preparation. Much of this planning and preparation will be underpinned by the latest performance science research. In this invited commentary, we discuss contemporary performance science research in rugby union centered around 4 key performance domains. First, we outline a systematic approach to developing an overall understanding of the game demands and how performance staff can enhance the players’ preparedness for competition. We then move on to outline our understanding of the training science domain, followed by a brief overview of effective recovery strategies at major tournaments. Finally, we outline research in the area of competition-day strategies and how they can positively impact players’ readiness to compete. Conclusions: Evaluating a team’s preparation for the Rugby Union World Cup can be achieved by mapping their performance plan based on the 4 domains outlined above.
Immediate Effects of High-Cadence Cycling on Core Outcomes in Individuals With Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Miner Daniel G. , Chui Kevin
Published: August 2023

Despite a strong body of evidence supporting benefits of exercise to reduce severity of motor symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) over time, research on the immediate impact of exercise as an adjunctive therapy for nonpharmacologic management of motor symptoms and mobility performance in people with PD is limited. The purpose of this study was to examine immediate effects of a single bout of high-cadence cycling on motor symptoms of PD and performance-based outcomes. Twenty individuals with idiopathic PD participated in a pretest/posttest study investigating immediate impacts of a single high-cadence cycling session on performance-based outcomes across multiple domains of motor function, mobility, and balance. Outcomes were analyzed based on time since last dose of levodopa/carbidopa medication. Immediate improvements were observed in motor symptoms of PD with significant improvements in performance across multiple balance systems, dynamic gait, and upper-extremity coordination following a cycling intervention.
Curriculum Representation in Programs Accredited by COSMA
Authors: VanSickle Jennifer , Burakowski Katharine A. , Dane-Staples Emily
Published: August 2023

The curricular content of sport management degrees has been scrutinized and criticized by internal and external stakeholders. Before specialized accreditation, individual institutions decided the content of their degrees. Accreditation established a baseline of curricular content known as the Common Professional Component. To add to the body of literature on undergraduate sport management curricular development, this study analyzed the content of accredited sport management programs and the impact of institutional forces on that content. Despite institutional differences, results show consistency across the curricula of accredited programs, with experiential learning, management concepts, and sport marketing appearing most frequently.
Erratum to: The Effect of Glyoxylate Shunt Inactivation on Biosynthesis of Adipic Acid through Inverted Fatty Acid β-Oxidation by Escherichia coli Strains
Authors: Gulevich A. Yu. , Skorokhodova A. Yu. , Debabov V. G.
Published: August 2023

An Erratum to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0003683823320029
Structure of Aggressive Behavior in Underyearlings of the Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Salmonidae) Changes under the Influence of Diplostomum pseudospathaceum (Trematoda) Parasites
Authors: Mikheev V. N. , Pasternak A. F.
Published: August 2023

The dynamics of aggressive behavior of the underyearlings of the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss infected with metacercariae of the trematodes Diplostomum pseudospathaceum has been studied in an experimental heterogeneous environment for 48 days. The fish competed for the dark area of the bottom by charges, biting, chasing, and frontal and lateral displays. The sharply increased aggressiveness of fish when the parasites became infective (1.0–1.5 months after infection), i.e., capable of infecting the final host (piscivorous birds), manifested itself in an increased frequency of bites (more than 20 times compared to the control) and charges (almost three times) and was accompanied by fast movements, sharp maneuvers, and low ability to compete for shelters. The share of comparatively slow displays and chasing was much smaller. The strategy of D. pseudospathaceum manipulation of fish behavior consists of two stages: (1) protecting the host from predators; (2) increasing the vulnerability of the host. At the first stage, the general level of aggression decreases sharply; at the second, on the contrary, aggressiveness rapidly increases, but the ratio of different categories of aggression changes. The share of categories that make the host more vulnerable to predators increases. High activity and low competitiveness of infected fish contribute to their rapid extermination by predators or moving to another habitat. Such migration of fish can increase the fitness of the parasite, facilitating its dispersal in the water body.
Association of the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Gene (BDNF) Val66Met Polymorphism with Individual Alpha Peak Frequency and Alpha Power in Adults
Authors: Privodnova E. Yu. , Volf N. V.
Published: August 2023

Abstract—

A single nucleotide polymorphism in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene (Val66Met) functions to regulate activity-dependent secretion of (BDNF), which plays an important role in neuroprotection and synaptic plasticity. In several studies, theMetallele was associated with lower electroencephalogram (EEG) α-power values, calculated in the standard frequency range, in young subjects. In addition to α-power, one of the inherited EEG correlates of brain functioning is individual alpha peak frequency (IAPF). Although IAPF has a separate functional role, its association with BDNFVal66Metpolymorphism has not been studied. IAPF is also used to determine the boundaries of individual frequency ranges, which, unlike the standard ones, are more consistent with functional rhythm characteristics. Using a sample of 192 subjects aged 18–78 years, the association between parietal-occipital IAPF and BDNF polymorphism, as well as the genotype differences in α-power calculated in standard (8–12 Hz) and individual frequency ranges (from (IAPF –2) to (IAPF +2) Hz) were examined. A decrease of IAPF inVal/Metcompared toVal/Valwas observed. For power calculated in the individual frequency range, genetic differences in both eyes-closed (Val/Met> homozygous genotypes) and eyes-open (Val-carriers >Met/Met) conditions were revealed. Analysis within the standard frequency range showed differences only in the eyes-open condition, which could be due to a shift of power indicators calculated in the α-rhythm functional range to the low frequency region amongVal/Metcarriers, which showed a decrease in IAPF. The results suggest that the inclusion ofVal/Metin the pooled group ofMetcarriers in the analysis of genetic differences in brain activity may level out the differences between theVal/ValandVal/Metgenotypes and show the advantage of using individual frequency bands in the analysis of BDNF Val66Met-associated EEG features.
Mucoid degeneration of the anterior cruciate ligament corrected with autograft reconstruction
Authors: Nasir Ali Zagham , Henne Timothy , Khan Nasir
Published: August 2023

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the most frequently injured knee ligament, typically in non-contact athletic injuries in young adults. Mucoid degeneration of the ACL (ACL-MD) is an uncommon ACL pathology in which glycosaminoglycans deposition within the collagenous bundles leads to hypertrophy, loss of full knee flexion and knee pain without instability. ACL-MD usually presents in individuals over 40 years with sudden-onset knee pain after minimal trauma or as an incidental MRI finding. ACL-MD is rarely described in young adults. We present a case of ACL-MD in a previously healthy adult in his early 20s who presented with 3-month recalcitrant dull left knee pain and limited range of motion after ‘stepping funny’ with slight twisting. This case highlights the need to critically reflect on the anatomical structures when presented with musculoskeletal pathologies and to consider the unique presentation of musculoskeletal disease in atypical age groups.
Effect of gender on the association between cumulative cardiovascular risk factors and depression: results from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Li Sen , Jia Zhaoqi , Zhang Zhang , Li Yuxin , Ding Yining , Qin Zongshi , Guo Shuzhen
Published: August 2023

Background

The comorbidity of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and depression has been well established, as depression usually presents simultaneously with CVD risk factors. However, the potential association between cumulative exposure to CVD risk and depression remains unclear, so we conducted the current investigation. To our knowledge, this is the first study that employs the cumulative risk model to examine the effect of CVD risk factors on depression using nationally representative population and gender, age and CVD status-stratified subpopulations.

Aims

To systematically study the possible individual and cumulative effect of 18 CVD risk factors on depression.

Methods

A cross-sectional, secondary analysis investigated associations between 18 CVD risk factors and depression. The interaction effect between CVD risk factors and age, gender and CVD status was also examined. Enrolment included 20 816 participants from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2016. Participants with Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores over 15 or who were using an antidepressant were considered depressive; 18 known cardiovascular risk factors were incorporated in the present study.

Results

At the individual risk factor level, smoking, drinking, living alone, sleep quality, body mass index, waist circumference and diabetes status had differential associations with depression risk according to the gender, age or CVD status of the participants. Most importantly, gender-stratified cumulative risk analysis indicated that similar depression risk was found in both genders with a small number of CVD risk factors (odds ratio (OR)adjusted=1.32; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.87 to 1.99), but females had a significantly higher depression risk compared with males under high cumulative risk exposure (ORadjusted=2.86; 95% CI: 1.79 to 4.59).

Conclusions

Clarifying the association of numerous CVD risk factors with depression according to gender, age and overall CVD status may be beneficial for risk stratification and the prevention of depression in clinical practice. Moreover, the observed novel evidence of high cumulative risk exposure-mediated gender disparities in depression risk may shed light on the underlying mechanism of females’ greater vulnerability to depression.
Counting spanning hypertrees in non-uniform hypergraphs based on sum operation
Authors: Zhang Ke , Guo Jiachun , Dong Lixin , Yin Hongwei
Published: August 2023

The theoretical and applied research on hypergraph or hypernetwork is one of the hot topics of system science. Spanning hypertree extended from spanning tree is an interesting problem about this topic, but determining the number of spanning hypertrees in general hypergraphs is not suitable for generalizing from graph and more intractable. In this paper, we propose a definition of spanning hypertree which has less constraints than the traditional definition of spanning hypertree, and then find exact analytical expressions for the number of spanning hypertrees in several kinds of non-uniform hypergraphs based on sum operation. In addition, we define the entropy of spanning hypertree and conduct data experiments on the entropies of spanning hypertrees in four special classes of non-uniform hypergraphs.
Occupation density of every chess piece by phases, levels of game, outcomes and phase-space according to their entropy differences
Authors: Islas-García J. D. A. , del Castillo-Mussot M.
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we statistically analyze the density of each chess piece in four square concentric frames for different skill levels (according to the Elo ranking system), phases (opening, middlegame and endgame) and outcomes. The results indicate a tendency for pawns, knights and bishops to move towards the central areas, particularly during the opening phase. Additionally, we identified intrinsic entropy patterns for each piece throughout the entire game, independent of player skill level. We constructed a phase-space from entropy delay time series to provide probabilistic predictions for game outcomes.
EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF FISCAL POLICIES ON ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY AND FISCAL EFFECTIVENESS: EVIDENCE FROM TAIWANESE LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
Authors: LU WEN-MIN , TING IRENE WEI KIONG , LIU DAY-YANG , YAO HSIN-HSIN
Published: August 2023

This paper utilizes network data envelopment analysis and the second-order cone programming approach to evaluate the performance of 20 Taiwanese local governments (which consist of 6 municipal governments and 14 non-municipal governments). We first explore the fiscal policies in local governments using non-parametric methods. Second, this study develops an innovative two-stage process to measure the effects of fiscal policies to economic efficiency and fiscal effectiveness of 20 local governments for from 2010 to 2016. Several findings are summarized as follows. (1) Non-parametric results reveal that current and capital expenditures, as well as tax and non-tax revenue of municipal governments, were higher than non-municipal governments. (2) The municipal governments have a higher economic efficiency level and fiscal effectiveness yearly and on average based on the two-stage efficiency scores. Overall, empirical results provide insights to local governments on the efforts to integrate resources that will exert a synergistic effect on governance performance. To mitigate economic problems arising from increasing fiscal deficits, it is recommended to implement forward-looking policies and allocate government funds wisely during the early expansion stage. This can be achieved by analyzing tax systems and adopting fiscal policies that boost tax revenue and enhance overall fiscal effectiveness.
ENTERPRISES AND OWNERSHIP REFORM IN CHINA
Authors: WANG ZHIKAI , ZHANG SIMIN , DALLAGO BRUNO , WANG XUEFAN
Published: August 2023

In spite of remarkable results obtained, China requires more sophisticated economic structure and flexible institutions to foster its development in a more difficult context. Particularly important are the integration of public and private sectors, proper division of labor between them, and cooperative distinction of roles. The expansion of the private sector and entrepreneurship have been leading factors in China’s economic miracle. However, despite the numbers of new private enterprises increasing, their dynamic innovation slowed down in recent years. This negatively affects the sustainability of China’s economic growth. This paper considers several reasons for the attenuation of Chinese entrepreneurship and considers that it requires the revival of enterprise and ownership reform together with support to their innovative role. The latter should complement innovation in the public sector to counterbalance the biased structure and nature of Chinese innovation and afford new international challenges. This paper contributes to identifying solutions for reversing the deterioration of entrepreneurship in the frame of enterprises and ownership reform. Solutions lie in institutional innovation, like accelerating the pace of market-oriented reform, improving corporate governance for state-owned enterprises and commercial banks, strengthening domestic competitions, and deepening the mixed ownership reform.
Controllable Processing Time Scheduling with Total Weighted Completion Time Objective and Deteriorating Jobs
Authors: Wang Ji-Bo , Wang Yi-Chun , Wan Congying , Lv Dan-Yang , Zhang Lei
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we consider two single-machine scheduling problems with deteriorating jobs and controllable processing time. The job processing time is a function of its starting time and resource allocation. For the convex resource function, a bicriteria analysis is provided, where the first (respectively, second) criteria is to minimize total weighted completion time (respectively, total resource consumption cost). The first problem is to minimize the weighted sum of the total weighted completion time and the total resource consumption cost. The second problem is to minimize the total weighted completion time subject to the total resource consumption cost is bound. These both problems are NP-hard, we propose some heuristic algorithms and a branch-and-bound algorithm to solve the problems.
Drootkit: Kernel-Level Rootkit Detection and Recovery Based on eBPF
Authors: hu Xingyu , Huang Ming , Xue Youhua , Jiang Lifeng , Liu Yao , Xie Guoqi
Published: August 2023

The concealment of rootkits makes them a significant security threat. Kernel-level rootkits can be extremely dangerous as they have high system privileges. A typical type of kernel-level rootkits is to hook system calls which are essential for overall system functionality. This paper presents drootkit, a tool to detect kernel-level rootkits that hook system calls. Additionally, drootkit can recover damaged systems. This tool utilizes eBPF technology, ensuring both flexibility and security. When installing new kernel modules, the virtual address range of the initial kernel code will not be affected. In light of this, drootkit conducts bounds checking on all system calls within the system. In the case of system calls being hooked, drootkit can detect and recover them while issuing warning messages. For testing purposes, this paper also implements a malicious kernel module that can hook system calls and run on the arm64 platform. We have conducted an experiment that confirms drootkit’s capability to detect rootkits while also effectively restoring the system. Moreover, drootkit has very low system overhead and does not significantly affect system performance, making it a reliable choice for a backend program that can run for an extended period of time.
Spatial Information and Deep Neural Networks-Based Smart Design for Light Environment of Museum Exhibition
Authors: Yang Guojie , He Honghao
Published: August 2023

It is a practical issue to make professional resource planning towards low light environment such as museums, so as to achieve the optimal visual experience. This work aims at such scenes, and manages to deal with them from the perspective of vision computing-based optimal planning. Therefore, a smart optimal resource planning method for low light environment in museum based on convolutional vision computing network, is proposed in this paper. Based on the expected visual effect and light environment adaptation data in realistic situation, a convolution operations-based neural computing structure is developed to implement extraction and fusion of visual characteristics. And output of this part is further utilized for following digital evaluation of visual effect. At last, simulation experiments of the proposal are conducted to assess running effect of the proposal. The results show that time efficiency of proposal is reduced by 23.8% and the accuracy rate is improved by 12% compared with the U-net model. It is concluded that the proposal can be utilized in realist engineering applications to implement such tasks.
Graph of groups decompositions of graph braid groups
Authors: Berlyne Daniel
Published: August 2023

We provide an explicit construction that allows one to easily decompose a graph braid group as a graph of groups. This allows us to compute the braid groups of a wide range of graphs, as well as providing two general criteria for a graph braid group to split as a nontrivial free product, answering two questions of Genevois. We also use this to distinguish certain right-angled Artin groups and graph braid groups. Additionally, we provide an explicit example of a graph braid group that is relatively hyperbolic, but is not hyperbolic relative to braid groups of proper subgraphs. This answers another question of Genevois in the negative.
Physical quark star model with generalized logarithmic anisotropy
Authors: Mkenyeleye Jason M. , Juma Mahamudu , Sunzu Jefta M.
Published: August 2023

A new quark star model for a charged anisotropic stellar object is generated using the Einstein–Maxwell field equations. We use a metric function, linear equation of state, and a new measure of anisotropy in form of logarithmic function to formulate the model. For particular choices of parameters in the anisotropic measure, some anisotropic and isotropic models are regained as a special case. Physical analysis indicates that matter variables and gravitational potentials in the model are well behaved. The generated model satisfies the energy, regularity, causality, and stability conditions. The speed of sound is consistent with quark stars.
Study of α-decay half-life for axially symmetric deformed even–even isotopes of nuclei with atomic numbers 88≤Z≤104
Authors: Pahlavani M. R. , Ahmadvand F.
Published: August 2023

In this paper, [Formula: see text]-decay half-life of axially symmetric deformed even–even isotopes with atomic numbers [Formula: see text] had been studied for the transition between the ground states of the parent and daughter nuclei. Quadrupole deformation of daughter nuclei (if any) is considered in calculations. The interaction between the [Formula: see text]-particle and daughter nucleus includes the nuclear double-folding, the Coulomb and rotational terms. Wang’s formula is used for coulomb interaction between spherical [Formula: see text]-particle and deformed daughter nucleus. The Q-value of [Formula: see text]-decay is calculated and used to obtain its half-life, based on the WKB approximation for the penetration probability of [Formula: see text]-particle through the potential barrier. A Q-value-related formula is used to estimate the [Formula: see text]-particle preformation factor. The calculated [Formula: see text]-decay half-lives are compared with the available experimental data. The standard deviation between computed results and experimental data is obtained equal to 0.288. Comparison of our obtained standard deviation indicates well the validity of our chosen theoretical model. Furthermore, the characteristic of [Formula: see text]-decay energy and half-lives confirms the shell effects at [Formula: see text] magic number. Also, the obtained results predict similar closed shells behavior at [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] neutron numbers.
STOCHASTIC STABILITY AND PARAMETRIC CONTROL IN A GENERALIZED AND TRI-STABLE VAN DER POL SYSTEM WITH FRACTIONAL ELEMENT DRIVEN BY MULTIPLICATIVE NOISE
Authors: LI YA-JIE , WU ZHI-QIANG , SUN YONG-TAO , HAO YING , ZHANG XIANG-YUN , WANG FENG , SHI HE-PING
Published: August 2023

The stochastic transition behavior of tri-stable states in a fractional-order generalized Van der Pol (VDP) system under multiplicative Gaussian white noise (GWN) excitation is investigated. First, according to the minimal mean square error (MMSE) concept, the fractional derivative can be equivalent to a linear combination of damping and restoring forces, and the original system can be simplified into an equivalent integer-order system. Secondly, the stationary Probability Density Function (PDF) of system amplitude is obtained by stochastic averaging, and based on singularity theory, the critical parameters for stochastic [Formula: see text]-bifurcation of the system are found. Finally, the properties of stationary PDF curves of the system amplitude are qualitatively analyzed by choosing the corresponding parameters in each sub-region divided by the transition set curves. The consistency between numerical results obtained by Monte-Carlo simulation and analytical solutions verified the accuracy of the theoretical analysis process and the method used in this paper has a direct guidance in the design of fractional-order controller to adjust the system behavior.
GENERALIZED VARIATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE FRACTAL MODIFIED KDV–ZAKHAROV–KUZNETSOV EQUATION
Authors: WANG KANG-JIA , XU PENG
Published: August 2023

A fractal modification of the modified KdV–Zakharov–Kuznetsov equation is suggested and its fractal generalized variational structure is established by means of the semi-inverse method. Furthermore, the obtained fractal generalized variational structure is discussed and verified through the two-scale transform from another dimension field in detail. The obtained fractal generalized variational structure reveals the conservation laws via the energy form in the fractal space and can be employed to study the fractal solitary wave properties.
MACHINABILITY ASPECTS OF NON-TEXTURED AND MICRO-TEXTURED CUTTING INSERTS IN TURNING OF TITANIUM Gr 2
Authors: SHARMA RAHUL , PRADHAN SWASTIK , BATHE RAVI NATHURAM
Published: August 2023

The machinability of a cutting tool merely depends on cutting temperature, surface finish, and tool life, etc. To investigate the machinability of non-textured plain cutting inserts and micro-textured cutting inserts, various novel micro-textures have been fabricated using a femtosecond laser machine on the rack face of the double-sided square cutting insert without amputating its TiCN coating. The turning operation has been performed on a Titanium Gr 2 rod of diameter 50 mm on a three-jaw self-centered lathe machine. Type of insert, rotational speed, and cutting feed rate are the main parameters with various levels. L27 orthogonal array has been used for the design of experiments. Significant reduction in cutting tool temperature and surface roughness has been observed using micro-textured cutting inserts. The cutting insert with Honeycomb micro-texture gives superior results with a minimum cutting temperature of 210∘ C and a maximum of 76% improvement in surface finish.
ADSORPTION OF PB2+ IN WATER BY ZR-CONTAINING SILICA RESIDUE AND ITS MECHANISM
Authors: CHEN WANTING , TIAN YUAN , WANG XUAN , MA RUIXIN , DING HAO , TU YU , ZHANG HAN
Published: August 2023

Zr-containing silica residue (Zr-s-r) is waste residue discharged during the industrial production of ZrOCl2. Its purified product (Zr-s-r-P) can be used as an adsorbent whose main component is amorphous SiO2. Herein, Pb(NO3)2 solution was used as wastewater containing Pb[Formula: see text]. The adsorption of Pb[Formula: see text]in water by Zr-s-r-P and its mechanism were studied. The results showed that the adsorption effect was affected by the initial concentration of Pb[Formula: see text]in the solution, pH, and adsorption time. The adsorption capacity of Zr-s-r-P to Pb[Formula: see text]was 45.3 mg/g under the optimized conditions (25∘C, pH=6, Zr-s-r-P dosage of 2 g/L, and adsorption time of 25 min). The process of adsorption fits the pseudo-second-order model, and the isothermal adsorption fits the Langmuir adsorption model. Pb[Formula: see text]was adsorbed in the pores of Zr-s-r-P. Moreover, the adsorption of Pb[Formula: see text]by ZSR-P was achieved through the reaction between Si–OH on the surface of SiO2 and Pb[Formula: see text] hydroxyl compounds.
Relative entropy via distribution of observables
Authors: Androulakis George , John Tiju Cherian
Published: August 2023

We obtain formulas for Petz–Rényi and Umegaki relative entropy from the idea of distribution of a positive self-adjoint operator. Classical results on Rényi and Kullback–Leibler divergences are applied to obtain new results and new proofs for some known results about Petz–Rényi and Umegaki relative entropy. Most important among these, is a necessary and sufficient condition for the finiteness of the Petz–Rényi [Formula: see text]-relative entropy. All of the results presented here are valid in both finite and infinite dimensions. In particular, these results are valid for states in Fock spaces and thus are applicable to continuous variable quantum information theory.
The variety of projections of a tree Prikry forcing
Authors: Benhamou Tom , Gitik Moti , Hayut Yair
Published: August 2023

We study which [Formula: see text]-distributive forcing notions of size [Formula: see text] can be embedded into tree Prikry forcing notions with [Formula: see text]-complete ultrafilters under various large cardinal assumptions. An alternative formulation — can the filter of dense open subsets of a [Formula: see text]-distributive forcing notion of size [Formula: see text] be extended to a [Formula: see text]-complete ultrafilter.