bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cost-Effectiveness of Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Takura Tomoyuki , Ebata-Kogure Nozomi , Goto Yoichi , Kohzuki Masahiro , Nagayama Masatoshi , Oikawa Keiko , Koyama Teruyuki , Itoh Haruki
Published: June 2019

Background. Medical costs associated with cardiovascular disease are increasing considerably worldwide; therefore, an efficacious, cost-effective therapy which allows the effective use of medical resources is vital. There have been few economic evaluations of cardiac rehabilitation (CR), especially meta-analyses of medical cost versus patient outcome.Methods. The target population in this meta-analysis included convalescent and comprehensive CR patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), the status most commonly observed postmyocardial infarction (MI). Here, we evaluated medical costs, quality-adjusted life year (QALY), cost-effectiveness, mortality, and life year (LY). Regarding cost-effectiveness analysis, we analyzed medical costs per QALY, medical costs per LY, and the incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR). We then examined the differences in effects for the 2 treatment arms (CR vs. usual care (UC)) using the risk ratio (RR) and standardized mean difference (SMD).Results. We reviewed 59 studies and identified 5 studies that matched our selection criteria. In total, 122,485 patients were included in the analysis. Meta-analysis results revealed that the CR arm significantly improved QALY (SMD: −1.78; 95% confidence interval (CI): −2.69, −0.87) compared with UC. Although medical costs tended to be higher in the CR arm compared to the UC arm (SMD: 0.02; 95% CI: −0.08, 0.13), cost/QALY was significantly improved in the CR arm compared with the UC arm (SMD: −0.31; 95% CI: −0.53, −0.09). The ICURs for the studies (4 RCTs and 1 model analysis) were as follows: −48,327.6 USD/QALY; −5,193.8 USD/QALY (dominant, CR is cheaper and more effective than UC); and 4,048.0 USD/QALY, 17,209.4 USD/QALY, and 26,888.7 USD/QALY (<50,000 USD/QALY, CR is costlier but more effective than UC), respectively. Therefore, there were 2 dominant and 3 effective results.Conclusions. While there are some limitations, primarily regarding data sources, our results suggest that CR is potentially cost-effective.
Exergaming Can Be a Health-Related Aerobic Physical Activity
Authors: Polechoński Jacek , Dębska Małgorzata , Dębski Paweł G.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of the study was to assess the intensity of aerobic physical activity during exergame training sessions with a moderate (MLD) and high (HLD) level of difficulty of the interactive program “Your Shape Fitness Evolved 2012” for Xbox 360 Kinect in the context of health benefits. The study involved 30 healthy and physically fit students. During the game, the HR of the participants was monitored using the Polar M400 heart rate monitor. The average percentage of maximum heart rate (%HRmax) and heart rate reserve (%HRR) during the game was calculated and referred to the criterion of intensity of aerobic physical activity of American College of Sports Medicine and World Health Organization health recommendations. During the MLD training, the participants achieved on average 69.6 ± 8.7%  HRmaxand 57.0 ± 11.9% HRR (moderate intensity), while performing HLD exercises, they achieved 78.9 ± 8.1%  HRmaxand 70.2 ± 11.3% HRR (vigorous intensity). The time spent in recommended moderate-to-vigorous intensity during 15-min exergame session was 14.6 min (97,1%) for MLD and 14.8 min (99%) for HLD. The intensity of aerobic PA during exergame “Your Shape Fitness Evolved 2012” both medium and high level of difficulty almost all the training sessions was at the level recommended for health benefits. Active video games, especially exergames, containing an element of physical activity, can be used to increase the weekly dose of PA in the direction recommended for health benefits.
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Does Not Improve the Sequence Effect in Freezing of Gait
Authors: Ma Jinghong , Gao Linlin , Mi Taomian , Sun Junyan , Chan Piu , Wu Tao
Published: June 2019

Introduction. The sequence effect (SE) is a reason contributing to freezing of gait (FOG) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. There is no effective treatment for the SE. The objective of the current study is to investigate the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on the SE in PD patients with FOG. Methods. 28 PD patients with FOG received either real or sham 10-Hz rTMS over the supplementary motor area (SMA). The effects of rTMS on the SE, FOG, and some gait parameters were evaluated. Results. rTMS did not improve the SE. Real rTMS had beneficial effects on FOG and some gait parameters, and this effect lasted for at least four weeks. Conclusions. High-frequency rTMS over the SMA cannot alleviate the SE in PD patients with FOG. rTMS has a long-lasting beneficial effect on FOG; however, this effect is not achieved by improving the SE but may be through improving some other gait parameters.
Providing Aging Adults Social Robots’ Companionship in Home-Based Elder Care
Authors: Chen Na , Song Jing , Li Bin
Published: June 2019

Population aging is increasingly serious. The application of social robots for home-based elder care is an important way to solve this problem. Aging adults’ demands for social robots’ companionship affect robotic designs. This study aimed to investigate aging adults’ demands for social robots’ companionship and explored in which life situations it was appropriate to accompany aging adults by social robots. This study involved three phases. Phase 1 (an interview survey) collected the life situations in which aging adults lived alone at home. Based on the results of Phase 1, Phase 2 (a questionnaire survey) investigated aging adults’ demands for companionship, whereas Phase 3 (an expert evaluation) investigated the feasibility of the robots’ companionship for aging adults. After the three phases, this study compared aging adults’ demands for companionship with the feasibility of social robots’ companionship in each life situation. Based on the results, the life situations of dinning and watching TV, there was a greater likelihood that the companionship that aging adults needed might be provided by social robots. In the life situations of sleeping and short breaking, it was difficult that aging adults’ demands for companionship were fulfilled by social robots. Implications were discussed for home-based elder care system.
Julia Sets and Their Control of Discrete Fractional SIRS Models
Authors: Ouyang Miao , Zhang Yongping
Published: June 2019

It is of crucial significance to study infectious disease phenomenon by using the discrete SIRS model with the Caputo deltas sense and fractal viewpoint. In this paper, Julia set of the discrete fractional SIRS model is established to analyze the fractal dynamics of this model. Then three different controllers, which are, respectively, added to different parts of the model as a whole, a part, and a product factor, are designed to change the Julia set, and the graphs illustrate the complexity of the model. Simulation results show the efficacy of these methods.
Optimal Uncalibrated RSS Indoor Positioning and Optimal Reference Node Placement Using Cramér-Rao Lower Bound
Authors: Tolza Xavier , Acco Pascal , Fourniols Jean-Yves , Soto-Romero Georges , Escriba Christophe , Bracq Manuel
Published: June 2019

In this paper we propose a global positioning algorithm of multiple assets based on Received Signal Strength (RSS) measurements that takes into account the gain uncertainties of each hardware transceiver involved in the system, as well as the uncertainties on the Log-Distance Path Loss (LDPL) parameters. Such a statistical model is established and its Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) is given with the analytic expression of the Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB). Typical values of those uncertainties are given considering whether calibration is done in production, in situ, or if hardware is used uncalibrated, in order to know what is the expected accuracy in function of the calibration setup. Results are tested by numerical simulations and confronted to real measurements in different room configurations, showing that the theoretical bound can be reached by the proposed MLE algorithm.
Measuring Retiming Responses of Passengers to a Prepeak Discount Fare by Tracing Smart Card Data: A Practical Experiment in the Beijing Subway
Authors: Zou Qingru , Yao Xiangming , Zhao Peng , Wang Zijia , Yang Taoyuan
Published: June 2019

Understanding passengers’ responses to fare changes is the basis to design reasonable price policies. This work aims to explore retiming responses of travelers changing departure times due to a prepeak discount pricing strategy in the Beijing subway in China, using smart card records from an automatic fare collection (AFC) system. First, a new set of classification indicators is established to segment passengers through a two-step clustering approach. Then, the potentially influenced passengers for the fare policy are identified, and the shifted passengers who changed their departure time are detected by tracing changes in passengers’ expected departure times before and after the policy. Lastly, the fare elasticity of departure time is defined to measure the retiming responses of passengers. Two scenarios are studied of one month (short term) and six months (middle term) after the policy. The retiming elasticity of different passenger groups, retiming elasticity over time, and retiming elasticity functions of shifted time are measured. The results show that there are considerable differences in the retiming elasticities of different passenger groups; low-frequency passengers are more sensitive to discount fares than high-frequency passengers. The retiming elasticity decreases greatly with increasing shifted time, and 30 minutes is almost the maximum acceptable shifted time for passengers. Moreover, the retiming elasticity of passengers in the middle term is approximately twice that in the short term. Applications of fare optimization are also executed, and the results suggest that optimizing the valid time window of the discount fares is a feasible way to improve the congestion relief effect of the policy, while policy makers should be cautious to change fare structures and increase discounts.
Master‐Slave Integrated Control for the Transverse Vibration of a Translational Flexible Manipulator Based on Input Shaping and State Feedback
Authors: Ju Jin-yong , Li Wei , Liu Yufei , Zhang Chunrui
Published: June 2019

The problem of the elastic vibration control for a translational flexible manipulator system (TFMS) under variable load conditions is studied. The input shaper can effectively filter out the vibration excitation components for the flexible manipulator in the driving signals, but the adaptability and rapidity of the conventional input shaper are poor because it is essentially an open‐loop control mode and there are time‐lag links inevitably. Thus, by combining the state feedback with the input shaping, a master‐slave integrated controller of the TFMS is proposed. Moreover, in order to solve the time‐lag effect of the conventional input shaper, based on the optimal algorithm, a two‐mode vibration cascade shaper for the TFMS is designed. Then, under variable load conditions, the control effects of the conventional input shapers, the two‐mode vibration cascade shaper, and the combination of the state feedback integral controller (SFIC) with the above shapers are investigated. The results show that the designed master‐slave integrated controller has high robustness under variable load conditions and takes good account of the requirements of system response time and overshoot for achieving the goal of nonovershoot under fast response speed. Simulation experiment results verify the effectiveness of the designed controller.
A Gradient Stable Node‐Based Smoothed Finite Element Method for Solid Mechanics Problems
Authors: Chen Guangsong , Qian Linfang , Ma Jia
Published: June 2019

This paper presents a gradient stable node‐based smoothed finite element method (GS‐FEM) which resolves the temporal instability of the node‐based smoothed finite element method (NS‐FEM) while significantly improving its accuracy. In the GS‐FEM, the strain is expanded at the first order by Taylor expansion in a node‐supported domain, and the strain gradient is then smoothed within each smoothing domain. Therefore, the stiffness matrix includes stable terms derived by the gradient of the strain. The GS‐FEM model is softer than the FEM but stiffer than the NS‐FEM and yields far more accurate results than the FEM‐T3 or NS‐FEM. It even has comparative accuracy compared with those of the FEM‐Q4. The GS‐FEM owns no spurious nonzero‐energy modes and is thus temporally stable and well‐suited for dynamic analyses. Additionally, the GS‐FEM is demonstrated on static, free, and forced vibration example analyses of solids.
The Sustained Induction of c-MYC Drives Nab-Paclitaxel Resistance in Primary Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Parasido Erika , Avetian George S. , Naeem Aisha , Graham Garrett , Pishvaian Michael , Glasgow Eric , Mudambi Shaila , Lee Yichien , Ihemelandu Chukwuemeka , Choudhry Muhammad , Peran Ivana , Banerjee Partha P. , Avantaggiati Maria Laura , Bryant Kirsten , Baldelli Elisa , Pierobon Mariaelena , Liotta Lance , Petricoin Emanuel , Fricke Stanley T. , Sebastian Aimy , Cozzitorto Joseph , Loots Gabriela G. , Kumar Deepak , Byers Stephen , Londin Eric , DiFeo Analisa , Narla Goutham , Winter Jordan , Brody Jonathan R. , Rodriguez Olga , Albanese Chris
Published: June 2019

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive disease with limited and, very often, ineffective medical and surgical therapeutic options. The treatment of patients with advanced unresectable PDAC is restricted to systemic chemotherapy, a therapeutic intervention to which most eventually develop resistance. Recently, nab-paclitaxel (n-PTX) has been added to the arsenal of first-line therapies, and the combination of gemcitabine and n-PTX has modestly prolonged median overall survival. However, patients almost invariably succumb to the disease, and little is known about the mechanisms underlying n-PTX resistance. Using the conditionally reprogrammed (CR) cell approach, we established and verified continuously growing cell cultures from treatment-naïve patients with PDAC. To study the mechanisms of primary drug resistance, nab-paclitaxel–resistant (n-PTX-R) cells were generated from primary cultures and drug resistance was verified in vivo, both in zebrafish and in athymic nude mouse xenograft models. Molecular analyses identified the sustained induction of c-MYC in the n-PTX-R cells. Depletion of c-MYC restored n-PTX sensitivity, as did treatment with either the MEK inhibitor, trametinib, or a small-molecule activator of protein phosphatase 2a.

Implications:

The strategies we have devised, including the patient-derived primary cells and the unique, drug-resistant isogenic cells, are rapid and easily applied in vitro and in vivo platforms to better understand the mechanisms of drug resistance and for defining effective therapeutic options on a patient by patient basis.
Mask versus Prongs for Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: King Brian C. , Gandhi Bheru B. , Jackson Andrea , Katakam Lakshmi , Pammi Mohan , Suresh Gautham
Published: June 2019

Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) is an effective method of respiratory support for preterm infants. Nasal masks and binasal prongs are two interfaces available to deliver NCPAP, and it is unclear if one is superior to the other. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, using the methodology recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration, to compare the efficacy and safety of nasal masks versus binasal prongs to deliver NCPAP in preterm infants <37 weeks of gestation. Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane database, and PubMed were searched in February 2019. Seven trials met the inclusion criteria. Among preterm infants requiring NCPAP, the use of a nasal mask, compared to nasal prongs, decreased the rate of NCPAP failure within 72 h (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.53–0.97; number needed to treat for an additional beneficial outcome [NNTB] 12.5, 95% CI 7.1–100; 5 trials, 576 participants; low-certainty evidence) and the incidence of nasal injury (RR 0.71, 95% CI 0.59–0.85; NNTB 8.3, 95% CI 5.6–16.7; 6 trials, 665 participants; low-certainty evidence). In a subgroup of preterm infants requiring NCPAP after resuscitation at birth, the use of a nasal mask decreased the incidence of moderate-to-severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (RR 0.47, 95% CI 0.23–0.95; NNTB 16.7, 95% CI 9.1–100; 4 trials, 395 participants; very-low-certainty evidence) and the need for subsequent surfactant administration (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.64–0.96; NNTB 8.33, 95% CI 4.54–33.33; 4 trials, 395 participants; low-certainty evidence). The use of nasal masks for preterm infants requiring NCPAP was associated with a reduction in NCPAP failure, need for surfactant administration, and moderate-to-severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (low- to very-low-certainty evidence). Given the potential clinical benefit and minimal risk associated with a change in patient interface, nasal masks should be considered the preferred interface for NCPAP delivery in preterm infants.
Error Patterns of Dorsal Rhotics: Evidence from Hebrew-Speaking Children
Authors: Ben-David Avivit , Ezrati Ruth , Adi-Bensaid Limor
Published: June 2019

Objective: The aim of this paper was to describe the error patterns of the dorsal rhotic /ʁ̞/ in the speech of typically developing Hebrew-speaking children and to examine the prosodic effect (i.e., position in the word and stress pattern) of its production. Method and Participants: The participants included 50 monolingual Hebrew-speaking children aged 2;6–3;3 years. The children performed an articulation task in which they were asked to articulate 18 disyllabic words composed of vowel-adjacent rhotics in initial, medial, and final word positions in both stressed and unstressed syllables. Results: The results revealed that dorsal rhotics were produced correctly in 78.7% of the target words. The main error patterns were rhotic deletion and devoicing. There were fewer correct productions in initial word positions than in both medial and final word positions. No stress effect was found. In addition, 76% of the children produced the consonant correctly in over half of their productions. Conclusions: The result demonstrating a higher rate of errors in initial word positions may be due to the relatively late acquisition of the initial onset position in multisyllabic Hebrew words. Alternatively, this finding may result from the greater degree of allophonic variation found in this position. The finding that languages with dorsal rhotics have unique error patterns compared to other rhotics strengthens the evidence that rhotic error patterns are dependent on the rhotics’ phonetic characteristics.
The Biological Function and Clinical Significance of miR-886-5p in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Xiang Pu , Liu Yuzhang , Liu Lina , Lin Quande , Liu Xiyang , Zhang Hongmei , Xu Jie , Fang Baijun
Published: June 2019

Background: miR-886-5p plays an important role in many tumors, but it has been rarely investigated in multiple myeloma (MM). We studied the expression of miR-886-5p in the plasma of MM patients and in MM cell lines, and evaluated its biological function to identify its potential involvement in MM. Methods: We recruited 16 subjects including 10 newly diagnosed MM patients who had not received treatment and 6 healthy individuals. The expression of miR-886-5p in plasma and MM cell lines was examined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation assay, and 7-amino-actinomycin D/allophycocyanin double staining were performed to detect the function of miR-886-5p in MM cell lines. The expression of Bax and p53 was determined by western blot. Results: The expression of miR-886-5p in the plasma of MM patients was higher than that in normal individuals and its level in MM cell lines was higher than that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from healthy individuals. miR-886-5p could trigger the cell proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis and affect the cell cycle. Conclusion: miR-886-5p triggered MM cell growth and may act as a diagnostic plasma biomarker for MM, potentially contributing to resistance to chemotherapy.
Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Attenuates Virulence and Modulates Microbial Ecology of Saliva-Derived Polymicrobial Biofilms
Authors: Philip Nebu , Leishman Shaneen J. , Bandara H.M.H.N. , Walsh Laurence J.
Published: June 2019

Background: Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) acts as a salivary biomimetic that provides bioavailable calcium and phosphate ions to augment fluoride-mediated remineralisation of early caries lesions. However, there are indications that it may also have beneficial ecological effects on the oral microbiome. Objective: This in vitro study investigated whether CPP-ACP could influence microbial counts, acidogenicity, and the relative abundance of specific caries- and health-associated bacterial ­species in polymicrobial biofilms. Methods: Saliva-derived polymicrobial biofilms were grown for 96 h in a cariogenic environment and treated every 12 h with 2% CPP-ACP or vehicle control. Colony forming units (CFUs) and acidogenicity were estimated from the treated biofilms. Microbial ecological effects of CPP-ACP were assessed based on the relative abundance of 14 specific caries- and health-associated ­bacterial species using a real-time quantitative PCR assay. ­Results: CPP-ACP-treated biofilms showed relatively modest, but significant, reductions in microbial CFUs (21% reduction, p = 0.008) and acidogenicity (33% reduction, p < 0.001), compared to the control-treated biofilms. The CPP-ACP treated biofilms also exhibited significantly lower bacterial loads of cariogenic Scardovia wiggsiae (fold change 0.017, p < 0.001) and Prevotella denticola(fold change 0.005, p < 0.001), and higher bacterial loads of commensal Streptococcus sanguinis(fold change 30.22, p < 0.001), S. mitis/oralis(fold change 9.66, p = 0.012), and S. salivarius/thermophilus(fold change 89.35, p < 0.001) than the control-treated biofilms. Conclusions: The results indicate that CPP-ACP has virulence-attenuating attributes that can influence a beneficial microbial ecological change in the biofilm.
Ascending Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Intrauterine Inflammation in Near-Term Rabbits Leading to Newborn Neurobehavioral Deficits
Authors: Shi Zhongjie , Vasquez-Vivar Jeannette , Luo Kehuan , Yan Yan , Northington Frances , Mehrmohammadi Mohammad , Tan Sidhartha
Published: June 2019

Background: Chorioamnionitis from ascending bacterial infection through the endocervix is a potential risk factor for cerebral palsy. Tetrahydrobiopterin, an essential cofactor for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and amino acid hydroxylases, when augmented in the fetal brain, prevents some of the cerebral palsy-like deficits in a rabbit hypoxia-ischemia model. Objectives: To study the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intrauterine inflammation in preterm gestation on motor deficits in the newborn, and whether biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin or inflammatory mediators is affected in the fetal brain. Methods: Pregnant rabbits at 28 days gestation (89% term) were administered either saline or LPS into both endocervical openings. One group underwent spontaneous delivery, and neurobehavioral tests were performed at postnatal day (P) 1 and P11, with some kits being sacrificed at P1 for histological analysis. Another group underwent Cesarean section 24 h after LPS administration. Gene sequences for rabbit biosynthetic enzymes of tetra­hydrobiopterin pathways were determined and analyzed in addition to cytokines, using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: Exposure to 200 μg/kg/mL LPS caused a locomotion deficit and mild hypertonia at P1. By P11, most animals turned into normal-appearing kits. There was no difference in neuronal cell death in the caudate between hypertonic and nonhypertonic kits at P1 (n = 3–5 in each group). Fetal brain GTP cyclohydrolase I was increased, whereas sepiapterin reductase and 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase were decreased, 24 h after LPS administration. Neuronal NOS was also increased. Regardless of the position in the uterus or the brain region, expression of TNF-α and TGF-β was decreased, whereas that of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 was increased (n = 3–4 in each group). Conclusions: This is the first study using an ascending LPS-induced intrauterine inflammation model in rabbits, showing mostly transient hypertonia and mainly locomotor deficits in the kits. Not all proinflammatory cytokines are increased in the fetal brain following LPS administration. Changes in key tetrahydro­biopterin biosynthetic enzymes possibly indicate different effects of the inflammatory insult.
Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Retinoblastoma: Four-Year Results from Tertiary Center in India
Authors: Rishi Pukhraj , Agarwal Ashutosh , Chatterjee Pritam , Sharma Tarun , Sharma Minal , Saravanan Munusamy , Ravikumar R.
Published: June 2019

Background: There are limited reports of intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) for retinoblastoma (RB) from developing world. Objectives: In this study, we report our 4-year experience of IAC for RB from India. Methods: Retrospective, interventional case series. Primary outcome measures included tumor regression, vitreous seeds and subretinal seeds control, and globe salvage. Secondary outcome measures were best-corrected visual acuity and treatment complications. Results: Fifteen eyes underwent 53 IAC procedures over mean 28.6 ± 13.8 months (range 10–51 months). IAC was employed as primary (n = 6) or secondary (n = 9) chemotherapy. Following IAC, complete regression of main tumor was seen in 7 eyes (47%) and partial regression in 3 (20%) eyes. Enucleation was done in 5(33%) eyes. Globe salvage rates were achieved in 1 eye (100%) in group B, 2 eyes (67%) in group C (n = 3), 6 eyes (67%) in group D (n = 9), and 1 eye (50%) in group E (n = 2). Following IAC, Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed 93% globe survival rate at 1 year, 76% at 2 years, and 66% at 3, and 4 years. Conclusion: IAC has enhanced globe salvage rates in eyes with RB. Multicenter studies with longer follow-up are necessary to better understand outcomes in the long term.
Linear Patch of Alopecia in a Child: Trichoscopy Reveals the Actual Diagnosis
Authors: Sonthalia Sidharth , Agrawal Mahima , Sharma Poonam , Goldust Mohamad
Published: June 2019

Linear scleroderma en coup de sabre (LSCS) is a clinical variant of morphea that presents with a linear alopecic patch over the frontal scalp. Linear alopecia areata may present as a close differential in the incipient stages of LSCS in the pediatric population, especially when the binding down and pigmentary changes characteristic of LSCS have not developed. Histopathology may also be noncontributory in such scenarios. We hereby report a case of linear alopecia in a 5-year-old Indian girl and highlight the role of trichoscopic evaluation in clinching the diagnosis. This emphasizes the importance of clinicodermoscopic-pathological correlation over clinicopathological correlation for cutaneous diagnosis.
Transurethral-Assisted Transumbilical Laparoendoscopic Single-Site Radical Cystectomy: Initial Short-Term Experience
Authors: Zhu Chen , Deng Zhonglei , Yuan Lin , Su Jian , Zhang Yang , Wei Yunfei , Wang Ninghong , Lu Zijie , Su Yun , Zhu Qingyi
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) technique is a less invasive approach for radical cystectomy (RC), which is promising in reducing the incisional morbidity and improving the cosmesis of laparoscopic surgery. This study aimed to investigate the clinical and oncological outcomes for patients with malignant urinary bladder tumors that underwent the transurethral-assisted transumbilical LESS-RC. Methods: From December 2014 to June 2017, 47 patients underwent LESS-RC combined with unilateral or bilateral cutaneous ureterostomy were enrolled in this study. The urethra was used as a potential approach without additional incision, which could allow for trocar insertion through natural orifices. Assessments were also conducted on preoperative, perioperative, postoperative, pathologic, and functional outcome data. Results: Mean patient age was 73 years. Mean body mass index was 24.0 kg/m2. Median operating time and estimated blood loss measure 217 min and 178 mL, respectively. Four patients were diagnosed with positive lymph nodes. Two patients had positive surgical margins. No major perioperative complications occurred. Median postoperative follow-up time was 20.1 months. Two patients died due to their progressive disease. Conclusion: LESS can serve as a feasible and effective surgical procedure for RC to treat bladder cancer. With increasing experience and improvements, LESS-RC is promising to be a relatively acceptable alternative for minimally invasive surgery in some specific patients (with generally poor conditions that cannot be tolerated for a long time surgery, short life expectancy, advanced cancer, or associated with intestinal disease).
Histopathology and Cytopathology of Neuroendocrine Tumors and Carcinomas of the Breast: A Review
Authors: Osamura Robert Y. , Matsui Naruaki , Okubo Misa , Chen Lan , Field Andrew S.
Published: June 2019

Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) and carcinomas (NEC) of the breast are rare diseases, but NEC has attracted attention in both cytopathology and surgical pathology because of its specific management and prognosis. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) cytology can make the diagnosis in many cases particularly with high-grade NEC, with definitive diagnosis based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. This review describes the characteristics of the disease based on the WHO classification 2012 and recent literature and ­includes discussion related to the International Academy of Cytology Yokohama System of Reporting Breast FNAB ­cytology.
A Prospective Longitudinal Study about Change of Sleep, Anxiety, Depression, and Quality of Life in Each Step of Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Kim Ji Hoon , Paik Hyun-June , Jung Youn Joo , Kim Dong-il , Jo Hong Jae , Lee Seokwon , Kim Hyun Yul
Published: June 2019

Purpose: Quality of sleep (QoS), anxiety, depression, and quality of life (QoL) are common issues among breast cancer patients. Prospective longitudinal studies of QoS, anxiety, depression, and QoL in breast cancer patients are lacking. The aim of this study was to find out whether there is a proper treatment point associated with QoS, anxiety, depression, and QoL during early treatment of breast cancer patients. Methods: We used 4 self-report questionnaires about QoS, anxiety, depression, and QoL. QoS was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, anxiety was measured with the Beck Anxiety Inventory, depression was measured with the Beck Depression Inventory, and QoL was measured with the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form. Patients were assessed at the time of surgery, at the beginning of chemotherapy, and at the end of chemotherapy. Clinicopathological information was collected for analysis. Results: Fifty-two patients were enrolled in this study, and 29 completed 3 self-report questionnaires. QoS, anxiety, and depression showed no differences during the early treatment period. However, QoL changed during that period (p = 0.004). Type of breast surgery (total mastectomy vs. breast-conserving surgery) showed a relationship with QoS during the entire treatment period, but with anxiety only at the time of surgery (p = 0.002). Although the sample size was too small, the total mastectomy group showed better results. Conclusion: Breast cancer patients experience sleep disturbance, anxiety, depression, and loss of QoL. During the period of treatment, these do not change significantly, but these symptoms are often overlooked. Providing sufficient explanations about the treatment and prognosis of breast cancer and mental support for breast cancer patients prior to treatment will help to improve patients’ QoS, anxiety, depression, and QoL.
Lifestyle Risk Factors and Findings on Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Older Adult American Indians: The Strong Heart Study
Authors: Shibata Dean , Suchy-Dicey Astrid , Carty Cara L. , Madhyastha Tara , Ali Tauqeer , Best Lyle , Grabowski Jr. Thomas J. , Longstreth Jr. W.T. , Buchwald Dedra
Published: June 2019

Background: Clinical stroke is prevalent in American Indians, but the lifestyle risk factors for vascular brain injury have not been well-studied in this population. The purpose of this study was to correlate brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings with obesity, alcohol use, and smoking behaviors in elderly American Indians from the Strong Heart Study. Methods: Cranial MRI scans (n = 789) were analyzed for dichotomous measures of infarcts, hemorrhages, white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and cerebral atrophy and continuous measures of total brain, WMH, and hippocampal volume. Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios, and linear regression was used to estimate measures of association for continuous outcomes. Models were adjusted for the risk factors of interest as well as age, sex, study site, income, education, hypertension, diabetes, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Results: Smoking was associated with increased hippocampal atrophy (p = 0.002) and increased prevalence of sulcal widening (p < 0.001). Relative to nonsmokers, smokers with more than 25 pack-years of smoking had a 27% (95% CI 7–47%) increased prevalence of high-grade sulci, p = 0.005. Body mass index was inversely associated with prevalence of nonlacunar infarcts and sulcal widening (all p = 0.004). Alcohol use was not significantly associated with any of the measured MRI findings. Conclusions: This study found similar associations between smoking and vascular brain injury among American Indians, as seen in other populations. In particular, these findings support the role of smoking as a key correlate for cerebral atrophy.
Toi, Moi et le Soi
Authors: Barnes Jonathan
Published: June 2019

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:

"Mon cher Francis,quand on m’a invité à faire partie de cette fête en ton honneur, j’ai accepté avec beaucoup de plaisir, et je me suis dit que je pouvais parler un peu de toi – de toi et de moi, de nous deux. Mais on m’a vite rappelé qu’il ne s’agirait pas d’une journée de souvenirs et d’anecdotes mais d’un jour de travail, qu’il faudrait être sérieux. « En ce cas » (me suis-je dit), « puisque je ne pourrai pas parler de toi et de moi, pourquoi ne pas parler du toi et du moi ? pourquoi ne pas parler des nous ? Ainsi j’aborderai des questions on ne peut plus sérieuses – questions à propos du sujet, de la subjectivité, de l’identité personnelle et de la personne, et de tout le bataclan. » Mais ce projet aussi, j’ai dû l’abandonner. En effet, on m’a expliqué que, bien que l’on puisse parler du moi, on ne peut pas parler du toi – et évidemment ânonner ici ce matin sur le moi sans jamais mentionner le toi serait horriblement égoïste."
Dire dans le Monde
Authors: Benoist Jocelyn
Published: June 2019

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:

"Dans Dire le monde, Francis Wolff avance de façon répétée la formule suivant laquelle le langage « fait monde ». Une telle expression peut être prise en plusieurs sens. On peut l’entendre d’abord au sens où le langage en lui-même constituerait un monde et, en effet, en un sens, lorsqu’il explicite et justifie cette formule, Francis nous montre que le langage partage quelque chose avec la notion de « monde » : sans doute en premier lieu son universalité (DM, p. 19), car comme le monde est tout ce qui existe, et peut-être plus généralement tout ce qui est, de la même façon, le langage fondamentalement se définit comme ce qui peut parler de tout."
Solipsime ou Division du Travail ?
Authors: Delpla Isabelle
Published: June 2019

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:

"La philosophie morale reste tributaire d’une forme de solipsisme. Par la désignation de solipsisme moral, je ne vise pas l’égoïsme, ni la solitude psychologique ou existentielle du sujet, mais avant tout la forme logique d’une telle attitude. Celle-ci consiste à se concevoir comme le seul agent moral. Dans un tel solipsisme, les concepts moraux se définiraient dans les mêmes termes si j’étais effectivement le seul agent moral dans un monde d’êtres sensibles (victimes impuissantes, enfants, personnes dépendantes, voire animaux) ou d’éventuels hommes-machines qui ne sont pas eux- mêmes considérés comme des agents. Les intermédiaires de mon action sont vus comme des médiations si transparentes qu’ils pourraient être remplacés par des machines sans modifier la nature de mon obligation morale. Dès lors, ma responsabilité est illimitée et totale : les limites de mon obligation morale sont les limites du monde. Toute limitation de l’action relève de l’immoralité. Les médiations humaines de l’action, la pluralité quantitative des agents moraux et la pluralité qualitative des postures morales n’y ont pas de place."
Discursos em torno dos vídeos verticais: a arqueologia de uma proporção "errada" de tela
Authors: Menotti Gabriel
Published: June 2019

This paper seeks to provide historical references for the examination of contemporary forms of vertical moving images, often considered “wrong” due to their incompatibility with the audiovisual standards established in the West. Deploying an archaeological approach, the paper identifies expressions of verticality in moving images since their first modern developments, encompassing both the birth of cinema and the emergence of video art circuits in the 1980s-90s. These cases serve to underscore the disputed mediality of audiovisual systems. This paper concludes by showing how the negotiation of medium specificities continues through networked platforms and curated events, creating possibilities for the emergence of new technological art forms.
Sinestesia nas artes
Authors: Bergantini Loren P.
Published: June 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar a sinestesia na arte a partir de posicionamentos de pesquisadores, tanto das ciências cognitivas quanto do universo artístico. Do ponto de vista das neurociências, destaca-se principalmente a relação entre sinestesia e criatividade. Sob uma perspectiva artística, discute-se a utilização da palavra sinestesia para caracterizar trabalhos artísticos, e são propostas três categorias de identificação e análise deste tipo de obra: metafórica, mnemônica e por simulação. Apresenta-se, por fim, o potencial da tecnologia para abordar a sinestesia na arte a partir da análise de três propostas artísticas contemporâneas.
Sensescape
Authors: Paraguai Luisa
Published: June 2019

Este texto aborda o sentido do olfato enquanto articulador e mediador do/no processo de construção de lugares e narrativas urbanas. Apresentam-se os artistas Peter de Cupere e Hilda Kozári e, respectivamente, as obras Smoke cloud (2013-2016) e Air, Smell of Helsinki, Budapest and Paris (2003), como ações poéticas nas quais o cheiro atua como elemento tático para inferência de dados e a percepção das relações espaciotemporais. Para contextualizar teoricamente o olfato como fenômeno social e cultural, referenciam-se Classen et al. (1994) e Porteous (1990), enquanto as narrativas artísticas apresentadas provocam um exercício transgressor à hegemonia visual. Assim, assume-se o cheiro como um modo fenomênico de ativação do espaço urbano, reconhecendo a sua imprecisão nas evocações e associações com a paisagem, o tempo e a memória.
Normatividad entre esteticidad y tecnicidad según Simondon: hacia una Estética del Derecho como Mecanología de las normas jurídicas
Authors: Aguirre Gonzalo S.
Published: June 2019

En el presente trabajo proponemos un abordaje del fenómeno de la normatividad al que llamamos Estética del Derecho. Nos basamos, para ello, en la propuesta de una Mecanología utilizada por Gilbert Simondon para abordar el fenómeno de la tecnicidad. Este abordaje, según lo menciona, echa luz sobre el fenómeno de la esteticidad. En este sentido, hacemos hincapié en los aportes de tal abordaje de la tecnicidad (y la esteticidad) en la normatividad. El texto se vertebra sobre las nociones mencionadas, y se articula con la noción de diagrama, de Gilles Deleuze, o de membrana de interioridad, generada a partir del cruce entre la noción de diagrama ya mencionada y la de membrana de Simondon. Entendemos que el autor opera para la Filosofía la recuperación tanto de la Metafísica como de la técnica y de la estética. Creemos que a partir de esas recuperaciones puede operarse una recuperación del Derecho o del objeto jurídico. Pero no desde una Filosofía del Derecho que resultaría análoga a una Filosofía de la Técnica, sin fuerza metafísica, que se encuentra separada de aquello que estudia y que lo aborda como un objeto ya dado. Aquí entra en juego la propuesta mecanológica y tecno-estética de Simondon, que nosotros reconducimos hacia una Estética del Derecho de carácter ius-estético y tecno-normativo.
Elastic Realities - Documentary Practices between Cinema and Art
Authors: Lund Cornelia
Published: June 2019

Recently, documentary practices, including those working with moving images, have known an unprecedented boom in the art field, which provoked criticism but also led to fruitful discussions between the two fields of artistic documentary practices and the more traditional documentary cinema. This article aims to contribute to this discussion by analyzing some pivotal arguments of the ongoing debate, mainly the question of documentary practices and their relation to reality, art and politics. For a better understanding of the current situation, the analysis of key moments in the history of documentary discourse is the basis for the discussion of contemporary documentary practices between cinema and art, considering seminal examples combining moving images with questions of performativity.
Efficacy of Pharmacologic and Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Therapies in Patients With Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Tseng Andrew S. , Kunze Katie L. , Lee Justin Z. , Amin Mustapha , Neville Matthew R. , Almader-Douglas Diana , Killu Ammar M. , Madhavan Malini , Cha Yong-Mei , Asirvatham Samuel J. , Friedman Paul A. , Gersh Bernard J. , Mulpuru Siva K.
Published: June 2019

Background:

The treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction has been the subject of numerous randomized controlled trials involving medications and cardiac implantable electronic device therapies. As newer effective pharmacological therapies suggest significant reductions in all-cause mortality, the role of additional device therapy in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction deserves further scrutiny.

Methods:

A systematic review and network meta-analysis on the effect of medication and device therapies in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction on all-cause mortality was performed. Randomized controlled trials published between January 1980 and July 2017 were identified using Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials databases. Pcnetmeta package in R was used to calculate treatment arm–based estimated rates, rate ratios, and probability ranks with 95% credible intervals.

Results:

Combination therapy of ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors or ARBs (angiotensin receptor blockers) with β-blockers (BBs) alone or in addition to implantable cardiac defibrillators or cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillators demonstrated a significant reduction of all-cause mortality when compared with placebo. By probability rank, implantable cardiac defibrillator+ACE inhibitor or ARB+BB+mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, implantable cardiac defibrillator+ACE inhibitor or ARB+BB, and angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor+BB+mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist combination therapies have the highest probability of being ranked the best treatment. There was no significant difference in the rate of mortality when comparing angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor+BB+mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist to implantable cardiac defibrillator+optimal pharmacological combination therapy.

Conclusions:

BB and renin-angiotensin system blockers alone or in combination with defibrillator device therapy have robust evidence for a reduction in mortality compared with placebo. The comparative efficacy of pharmacological therapy with angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors and device therapy deserves further investigation.
Differentiating Right- and Left-Sided Outflow Tract Ventricular Arrhythmias
Authors: Anderson Robert D. , Kumar Saurabh , Parameswaran Ramanathan , Wong Geoffrey , Voskoboinik Aleksandr , Sugumar Hariharan , Watts Troy , Sparks Paul B. , Morton Joseph B. , McLellan Alex , Kistler Peter M. , Kalman Jonathan , Lee Geoffrey
Published: June 2019

Idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias commonly originate from the right ventricular and left ventricular outflow tracts (OTs). Advances in real-time imaging have refined our understanding of the intimate anatomic structures implicated in the genesis of OT arrhythmias, making catheter ablation for arrhythmias beyond the right ventricular OT a feasible option for cure—indeed ablation is now a class I indication in recent guidelines. The surface 12-lead ECG is routinely used to localize the anatomic site of origin before catheter ablation. However, the intimate and complex anatomy of the OT limits predictive value ECG criteria alone for localization for these arrhythmias. Multiple ECG algorithms have been developed to assist preprocedural localization, and hence predict safety and efficacy for catheter ablation of OT ventricular arrhythmias. This review will summarize all of the published 12-lead ECG algorithms used to guide localization of OT ventricular arrhythmias.
Cerebellar Microbleed Distribution Patterns and Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
Authors: Pasi Marco , Pongpitakmetha Thanakit , Charidimou Andreas , Singh Sanjula D. , Tsai Hsin-Hsi , Xiong Li , Boulouis Gregoire , Warren Andrew D. , Rosand Jonathan , Frosch Matthew P. , Viswanathan Anand , Gurol M. Edip , Greenberg Steven M.
Published: June 2019

Background and Purpose—

Hematoma location within the cerebellum may help identify the dominant small vessel disease type (cerebral amyloid angiopathy [CAA] versus nonamyloid small vessel disease). However, it is unknown whether this holds true for cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) within the cerebellum. We tested the hypothesis that cerebellar CMBs restricted to the cortex and vermis (defined as superficial regions) are associated with clinically diagnosed and pathology-verified CAA.

Methods—

Three hundred and seven consecutive spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients with a baseline magnetic resonance imaging that included susceptibility-weighted imaging or angiography were enrolled. Using a topographical template, cerebellar CMB patterns were defined as strictly superficial versus deep (cerebellar gray nuclei and white matter) or mixed (both regions involved). Thirty-six ICH patients with cerebellar CMBs and neuropathology data available were evaluated for the presence of CAA.

Results—

One hundred and thirty-five (44%) ICH patients had CMBs in the cerebellum. In the patient group with cerebellar CMBs, 85 (63%) showed a superficial pattern, and 50 (37%) had a deep/mixed pattern. Strictly superficial cerebellar CMBs were independently associated with a supratentorial pattern of probable CAA-ICH according to the Boston criteria (odds ratio, 1.6; CI, 1.03–2.5) and deep/mixed cerebellar CMBs with a pattern of deep/mixed ICH (odds ratio, 1.8; CI, 1.2–2.7). Pathologically verified CAA was present in 23 of 24 (96%) patients with superficial cerebellar CMBs versus 3 of 12 (25%) patients with deep/mixed cerebellar CMBs (
P
<0.001).

Conclusions—

In ICH patients, cerebellar CMBs are relatively common and often restricted to superficial regions. A strictly superficial distribution of cerebellar CMBs is associated with clinically diagnosed and pathologically verified CAA.