bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Preventive and Curative Potential of Morinda citrifolia Essential Oil for Controlling Anthracnose in Cassava Plants: Fungitoxicity, Phytotoxicity and Target Site
Authors: Damascena Jossimara F. , Viteri Luis O. , Souza Matheus H. P. , Aguiar Raimundo W. , Camara Marcos P. , Moura Wellington S. , Oliveira Eugênio E. , Santos Gil R.
Published: October 2024

Controlling anthracnose in crops usually depends on synthetic chemicals, but essential oils offer a promising alternative with a potentially lower risk to human health and the environment. This study examines the use of noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) essential oil for preventive and curative control of anthracnose in cassava plants. Extracted from ripe noni fruit, the oil was tested at concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 5.0 µL/mL for its antifungal properties against Colletotrichum species isolated from cassava. We applied the oil both preventively and curatively, monitoring for phytotoxic effects. Phytochemical analysis revealed that the main compounds were octanoic acid (64.03%), hexanoic acid (10.16%), and butanoic acid (8.64%). The oil effectively inhibited C. chrysophillum and C. musicola at 2.0 µL/mL, while C. truncatum required 5.0 µL/mL for significant inhibition. Higher concentrations reduced disease progression but showed phytotoxicity at only 5 µL/mL. Molecular docking suggested that octanoic acid interacts with the fungi’s tyrosine-tRNA ligase enzyme, hinting at its mechanism of action. Collectively, our findings reinforce the potential of noni essential oil as an alternative agent against Colletotrichum spp. in cassava crops.
Spatial Cluster Analysis of the Social Determinants of Health and Fatal Crashes Involving US Geriatric and Non-Geriatric Road Users
Authors: Adeyemi Oluwaseun , DiMaggio Charles , Grudzen Corita , Konda Sanjit , Rogers Erin , Blecker Saul , Rizzo JohnRoss , Chodosh Joshua
Published: October 2024

Social determinants of health (SDoH) are nonmedical factors impacting health outcomes. We evaluated the relationship between the county-level measure of SDoH and county-level fatal crash counts among geriatric and non-geriatric road users. We pooled data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System and limited our analyses to the 3108 contiguous US counties. The outcome measures were county-level fatal crash counts involving (1) geriatric (65 years and older), (2) non-geriatric, and (3) all road users. The predictor variable was the multidimensional deprivation index (MDI), a composite measure of SDoH, measured as a three-level categorical variable defined as very highly deprived, highly deprived, and average-to-low deprived. We performed a Bayesian spatial Poisson regression analysis using integrated nested Laplace approximations and reported the adjusted crash fatality rate ratios (plus 95% credible intervals (CrI)). The median (Q1, Q3) standardized mortality rate ratios among geriatric and non-geriatric road users were 1.3 (0.6, 2.5) and 1.6 (0.9, 2.7), respectively. Counties classified as very highly deprived had 23% (95% CrI: 1.10–1.38) and 20% (95% CI: 1.08–1.32) increased geriatric and non-geriatric fatality crash rate ratios. In conclusion, improving county-level SDoH may reduce the county-level fatal rate ratios equally among geriatric and non-geriatric road users.
An Infinitely Old Universe with Planck Fields Before and After the Big Bang
Authors: Pilipović Dragana
Published: October 2024

The Robertson–Walker minimum length (RWML) theory considers stochastically perturbed spacetime to describe an expanding universe governed by geometry and diffusion. We explore the possibility of static, torsionless universe eras with conserved energy density. We find that the RWML theory provides asymptotically static equations of state under positive curvature both far in the past and far into the future, with a Big Bang singularity in between.
Impacts of Missing Data Imputation on Resilience Evaluation for Water Distribution System
Authors: Ghimire Amrit Babu , Magar Binod Ale , Parajuli Utsav , Shin Sangmin
Published: October 2024

Resilience-based decision-making for urban water distribution systems (WDSs) is a challenge when WDS sensing data contain incomplete or missing values. This study investigated the impact of missing data imputation on a WDS resilience evaluation depending on missing data percentages. Incomplete datasets for the nodal pressure of the C-town WDS were developed with 10%, 30%, and 50% missing data percentages by manipulating a true dataset for normal operation conditions produced using EPANET. This study employed multiple imputation methods including classification and regression trees, predictive mean matching, linear regression regarding model error, and linear regression using projected values. Then, resilience values were evaluated and compared using unimputed and imputed datasets. An analysis of performance indicators based on NRMSE, NMAE, NR-Square, and N-PBIAS revealed that higher missing-data percentages led to increased deviation between the true and imputed datasets. The resilience evaluation using unimputed datasets produced significant deviations from the true resilience values, which tended to increase as the missing data percentages increased. However, the imputed datasets substantially contributed to reducing the deviations. These findings underscore the contributions of data imputation to enhancing resilience evaluation in WDS decision-making and suggest insights into advancing a resilience evaluation framework for urban WDSs with more reliable data imputation approaches.
Assessment of the Total Amount of Surface Deposited Sediments in Small Towns
Authors: Seleznev Andrian , Shevchenko Andrew , Malinovsky Georgy , Ivanchukova Natali , Glukhov Vitaly , Hanfi Mohamed Youssef
Published: October 2024

Local surface-depressed areas in an urban microrelief are geochemical traps for sediments deposited at the surface. These sediments accumulate pollutants over space and time. The aim of this study was to estimate the total amount of surface sediment in residential areas of small towns with different industrial specialisations. Snow-dirt sludge, snow, and surface sediment samples were collected in towns of the Sverdlovsk region, Russia: Alapaevsk, Kachkanar, Serov, and Verkhnyaya Pyshma. Snow and snow-dirt sludge were collected in the cold season, and surface sediment was collected in the warm season. This study was carried out in 2024. The solid matter of the samples was divided by sieving into particle size fractions: dust (<0.1 mm), fine sand (0.1–1 mm), and coarse sand (1–3 mm). The method used to estimate the total amount of sediment took into account data on the concentration of solid matter in snow-dirt sludge, the volume of melt water, and the contribution of the dust fraction in surface sediment and residential areas. The concentration of solid matter in snow-dirt sludge was about the same in the three cities (up to 6.6 g/L), but differed significantly in Kachkanar (60 g/L). The total amount of surface sediment per unit area was about the same in the three towns (1.1–1.4 kg/m2), but differed significantly in Kachkanar (10.8 kg/m2). The contribution of the dust fraction to the total amount of sediment was estimated to be 10–20% in the cities. The total amount of surface deposited sediments in the residential areas of the small towns was 1.6 × 107 t in Alapaevsk, 5.9 × 107 t in Kachkanar, 1.7 × 107 t in Serov, and 1.3 × 107 t in Verkhnyaya Pyshma. The values obtained for the total amount of surface sediments characterise the contemporary sedimentation processes in residential areas and the environmental quality of small towns.
Railway Track Irregularity Estimation Using Car Body Vibration: A Data-Driven Approach for Regional Railway
Authors: Tsunashima Hitoshi , Yagura Nozomu
Published: October 2024

Track and preventive maintenance are necessary for the safe and comfortable operation of railways. Track displacement measured by track inspection vehicles or trolleys has been primarily used for track management. Thus, vibration data measured in in-service vehicles have not been extensively used for track management. In this study, we propose a new technique for estimating track irregularities from measured car body vibration for track management. The correlation between track irregularity and car body vibration was analysed using a multibody dynamics simulation of travelling rail vehicles. Gaussian process regression (GPR) was applied to the track irregularity and car body vibration data obtained from the simulation, and a method was proposed to estimate the track irregularities from the constructed regression model. The longitudinal-level, alignment, and cross-level irregularities were estimated from the measured car body vibrations and travelling speeds on a regional railway, and the results were compared with the actual track irregularity data. The results showed that the proposed method is applicable for track irregularity management in regional railways.
Service Quality and Behavioral Intention Analysis of Passengers on Small Electric Public Transportation: A Case Study of Electric Tuktuk in the Philippines
Authors: Base Tanya Jeimiel T. , Ong Ardvin Kester S. , Cahigas Maela Madel L. , Gumasing Ma. Janice J.
Published: October 2024

Tuktuk, as a generalized connotation, serves as a widely used vehicle for urban transportation, adapted from Thailand by the Philippines. The creation of the electric-typed public vehicle has now been recognized as one of the modalities of public transportations, the etuktuk. This study investigated the factors influencing passengers’ intention to use etuktuks as a mode of transportation in the Philippines by integrating the Theory of Planned Behavior with higher-order SERVQUAL dimensions. The objective was to understand how service qualities, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control impact passenger satisfaction and intention to use etuktuks. Data were collected from 501 respondents who had used etuktuks and were analyzed using partial least square structural equation modeling. The findings revealed that assurance, empathy, reliability, tangibility, and responsiveness significantly affected passenger satisfaction and intentions, with assurance being the most influential factor. Conversely, tangibles, such as the physical attributes of the etuktuk, were the least significant in shaping passenger preferences. Notably, a negative significant effect was observed between service quality and behavioral intention, indicating that while passengers are generally satisfied with etuktuk services, they may opt for alternative transportation options when available. These results highlight the need for improvements in etuktuk services, particularly in enhancing comfort, safety, and accessibility. Such improvements are crucial for encouraging wider adoption of etuktuks and fostering cleaner, more sustainable urban environments. By addressing the identified service quality issues and leveraging the research findings, stakeholders can better support the transition to more environmentally friendly and efficient transportation options.
The Value of a Comparative Approach with Equine Vaccine Development for the Development of Human Influenza DNA Vaccines
Authors: Abdelkhalek Ahmed F. , Daly Janet M.
Published: October 2024

A comparative medicine approach, whereby similarities and differences in biology between human and veterinary species are used to enhance understanding for the benefit of both, is highly relevant to the development of viral vaccines. Human and equine influenza share many similarities in pathogenesis and immune responses. The DNA vaccine approach offers potential advantages for responding rapidly and effectively to outbreaks or pandemics in both humans and animals, especially in under-resourced regions. The European and American vaccine regulatory authorities require demonstration of vaccine efficacy in animal models. However, mice, the most widely used model, are not naturally infected with influenza viruses, resulting in different pathobiology. Additionally, mice as a model for DNA vaccine testing appear to overestimate the humoral immune response compared to other mammalian species. In this review, we propose that testing of DNA vaccines against influenza type A viruses (and other shared pathogens) in the horse can provide valuable knowledge for the development of human DNA vaccines.
Studying the need for creating nursing care and rehabilitation departments
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Samara State Medical University» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Samara, Russia, Kuznetsov A.I.
Published: October 2024

The nursing care and rehabilitation department should be designed to conduct a course of rehabilitation therapy for patients with diseases of the musculoskeletal system, neurological diseases, as well as to conduct a course of maintenance therapy for patients, mainly elderly and senile, suf fering from chronic diseases and in need of medical and social care. Target. To study the need for creating a nursing care and rehabilitation department for elderly and senile patients. Results. The population’s need for the creation of a nursing care and rehabilitation department was identified, the necessary resources for the department’s activities and possible undesirable risks of the depar tment were determined. Conclusion. The creation of nursing care and rehabilitation departments for elderly and senile patients is necessary in order to improve the quality of life of patients, reduce treatment costs, introduce paid ser vices, and increase the prestige of the nursing profession.
Selecting a preferred marker of vitamin D levels: 25(OH)D and/or 1,25(OH)2D?
Authors:   High Technology Park, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia, Krivosheev V. V. , Kozlovsky I. V. ,   BU «District Clinical Hospital», Khanty- Mansiysk, Russia, Nikitina L. Yu. ,   National Medical Research Center, specializing in pulmonology, Moscow, Russia, Fedorov A. V. ,   High Technology Park, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia
Published: October 2024

At present, there is no consensus in the medical community on the nature and extent of the effects of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D on such important biochemical parameters as serum concentrations of parathyroid hormone and calcium, on changes in serum concentrations of calcidiol and calcitriol associated with human aging, and on the nature of the relationship between 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D. At the same time, on the basis of a large-scale database of the European, practically healthy population of white ethnicity, we conducted statistical studies aimed at choosing the most representative marker of vitamin D levels, as well as clarifying the nature of the interaction between 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D. Correlation analysis data of 60,680 practical healthy, non-pregnant and Caucasian residents of European countries allowed us to draw the following conclusions: increase 25(OH)D and 1.25 (OH) 2D are accompanied by a proportional increase in serum calcium and a proportional decrease in serum parathyroid hormone; as a person ages, the levels of 25(OH)D and 1.25 (OH) 2D decrease; serum concentration of 1,25(OH)2D is always statistically more stable with serum calcium and parathyroid hormone concentrations, as well as with age, compared to 25(OH)D; 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D are related to each other by an extremely stable (p=10-9) directly proportional relationship. It seems to us that for the practically healthy European population, when it comes only to improving well-being and quality of life, the measurement of the total level of 25(OH)D in winter and spring is quite sufficient. In the presence of any serious medical condition, especially those associated with impaired vitamin D metabolism, it seems more productive to measure not only 25(OH)D, but also 1,25(OH)2D.
Historical aspects of ethics and deontology in the activity of a hygienist, problems and ways for their solutions
Authors:   Veteran of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service, Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, Orenburg, Russia, Neplokhov A. I. , Neplokhov A. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Orenburg State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Orenburg, Russia, Kryazhev D. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Orenburg State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Orenburg, Russia
Published: October 2024

During the period of its historical formation and development, the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of Russia solved the main tasks of preventing diseases and preserving the health of the population. However, the ethical standards and deontology of the sanitary doctor in society were not formed. Based on literary publications and practical work experience, we have made an attempt to show ways and means of introducing deontological principles into the activities of a hygienist, taking into account his specifics, moral, ethical and professional requirements for specialists in this profession, and proposed new forms of work in modern conditions, taking into account the changed sanitary legislation. The preparation of methodological and educational literature, as well as the systematization of knowledge on issues of ethics and deontology in the work of specialists in the implementation of state sanitary and epidemiological control and supervision remains especially important and relevant.
PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE FORMATION AND ACTIVITIES OF THE UNION OF GERMAN GIRLS AS A COMPONENT PART OF THE HITLER YOUTH
Authors: HOBOZASHVILI A.
Published: October 2024

The article highlights the activities of the Union of German Girls, its creation. It was found that since its creation, the Union of German Girls played a key role in the NSDAP's policy of imposing its ideology on young women. The first few girls' organizations under the auspices of the NSDAP appeared as early as 1923 under the name «Hitler Youth Sisters». Their unification into the Union took place only in 1930. Since 1933, the membership of the Union of German Girls has increased to 1,711 people, and in the same year, the organization led by Elisabeth Greiff-Walden became part of the Hitler Youth. The process of formation of local branches of the BDM, as well as the National Socialist Union of Schoolgirls and girls' groups under the wing of the NSDAP women's organization dates back to the 1930s.
Immediately after his appointment as leader of the Imperial Youth in 1933, Baldur von Schirach passed a decree to dissolve or ban competing youth associations. In order to avoid the intervention of the National Socialists, some youth groups went into self-dissolution. Other youth associations were forced under the Hitler Youth and the Union of German Girls, which led to a significant increase in the number of these organizations. According to the Hitler Youth Act of December 1, 1936, all young men and women of the Third Reich were obliged to be in the ranks of the Hitler Youth and the Union of German Girls, respectively.
From 1934 to 1937, the Union was headed by Trude Mohr, and from 1937 to 1945 by Jutta Roediger.
MANAGEMENT OF THE PROCESS OF EXPERIENCE ENRICHMENT PROFESSIONAL-CREATIVE SELF- FULFILLMENT OF FUTURE MASTERS OF EDUCATION AND PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES
Authors: GRYNOVA M. , ROZHNOVA T.
Published: October 2024

The article reveals the essence of professional and creative self-realization of future masters of educational and pedagogical sciences; the peculiarities of managing the process of enriching the experience of professional and creative self-realization of future masters in higher education institutions are highlighted; methods of managing the process of enriching the experience of professional and creative self-realization of future masters of educational and pedagogical sciences are outlined. The results of the pilot testing of applicants of the second (master's) level of higher education in the specialty 011 Educational, pedagogical sciences are presented. It is noted that an important task of future masters of educational and pedagogical sciences for professional and creative self-realization should be the creation of conditions for the personal spiritual growth of future teachers and the formation in them of a creative approach to pedagogical activity in the conditions of modern society. It is emphasized that the professional and creative self-realization of future masters of educational and pedagogical sciences is a purposeful process of creative personality development aimed at forming the necessary competencies and qualities for a creative approach to the successful implementation of pedagogical activities and continuous self-development in it.
The methods and forms of work of enriching the experience of professional and creative self-realization of future masters of educational and pedagogical sciences are outlined. They can be called: project-oriented learning; problem-based learning; case method; trainings; master classes; pedagogical practice; psychological trainings, etc. It is noted that the enrichment of the experience of professional and creative self-realization of future masters of educational and pedagogical sciences is positively influenced by the use of information and communication technologies, in particular, the creation by students of education of their own multimedia presentations, the development of websites and blogs, the use of online resources for training and professional and creative self-development. The participation of future master teachers in creative circles and associations is effective and effective, which leads to an increase in their level of interest in professional growth, exchange of experience, cooperation with colleagues, and implementation of creative projects. It is effective to implement personally-oriented methods of enriching the experience of professional and creative self-realization of future masters of educational and pedagogical sciences - such as self-analysis and self-assessment (awareness of one's strengths and weaknesses, determination of goals and directions of self-development), keeping a diary: recording one's thoughts, ideas, achievements, problems, which contributes to better self-knowledge and self-improvement.
DIDACTIC PRACTICUM ON THE USE OF FORECASTING METHODS DURING THE STUDY OF THE DISCIPLINE "FORECASTING SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROCESSES" AS A FORM OF RESOURCE-BASED LEARNING
Authors: KONONETS N. , KONONENKO Zh. , YAKOVENKO T.
Published: October 2024

In the article, the authors present the developed didactic model of the practice of using forecasting methods during the study of the discipline "Forecasting socio-economic processes", which consists of three blocks: theoretical-analytical, activity-practical, summarizing-resultative. The theoretical-analytical block contains the theoretical material of the discipline "Forecasting socio-economic processes", which is presented in a convenient digitized format in the distance course environment. The content of this block includes the program, general methodical recommendations and a route map of the practicum in computer rooms. The activity-practical block provides a logical combination of various forecasting methods, which consists in their combination and use in accordance with a specific forecasting task and data characteristics. We focus on the main ways that can be used to combine methods. When studying the discipline "Forecasting socio-economic processes", the main emphasis is on practical exercises: selection of tasks, within which students perform: data analysis, building models, choosing optimal methods, justification. The summarizing-resultative block involves writing a report on each practical work and defending the results. Students should conclude that a combination of different forecasting methods allows for more accurate and reliable forecasts because they take into account different aspects of the data and the system, which helps to avoid one-sidedness and provide a comprehensive analysis of the situation.
THE CURRENT STATE OF ICT INTEGRATION IN THE SELF-DEPENDENT EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS
Authors: KULIMOVA Yu.
Published: October 2024

The article updates the problems of professional training of future primary school teachers. In particular, the author investigates the peculiarities of using information and communication technologies in order to optimize the independent educational activity of students. The relevance of the work is due to the need to realize the importance of independent learning, which takes a leading role in the context of professional and pedagogical education of future teachers. The author analyzed the leading psychological and pedagogical studies of the impact of information and communication technologies on the personality of future primary school teachers who belong to generation Z ("zoomers"). The article raises the problems of professional training of future primary school teachers, in particular the specifics of using information and communication technologies to optimize their independent educational activity. The author considered scientific approaches to the use of information and communication educational technologies for the purpose of developing independent educational activities of future primary school teachers. The article presents the results of an online survey of undergraduate students of higher education majoring in 013 "Elementary Education''. The results of which became the impetus for the diagnosis of the current state of the studied phenomenon. The author outlined the structure of independent educational work of future primary school teachers using ICT, which consists of motivational-value (awareness of the purpose of a specific educational activity and orientation towards independent work), cognitive-processual (set of knowledge and skills regarding the use of ICT in independent educational activities of future primary school teachers) and reflective-processual (self-control and control over the process of organizing students' independent activities with the help of ICT) components. During the scientific and pedagogical experiment, numerous of online tools were used: Zoom, Google Chat, Google Forms, Google Meet, Miro, Quizlet, iMindMap, Viber, Telegram, Learningapps, Canva, Easel.ly, Wordle, Pathbrite, Seesaw, Draw.io, etc.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL TRAJECTORY OF THE TEACHER'S PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PEDAGOGICAL HERITAGE OF A. MAKARENKO
Authors: STRELNIKOV V.
Published: October 2024

The article examines the principles of designing and implementing the individual trajectory of a teacher's professional development in an institution of continuing education, in particular, the experience of the M. V. Оstrohradskyi Poltava Academy of Continuous Education in the development of technologies for effective management of teacher professional development processes in the context of A. Makarenko's pedagogical legacy is shown.
Theoretically grounded, based on the ideas of A. Makarenko, nine principles of designing and implementing the individual trajectory of a teacher in the conditions of war: continuity, awareness, scientificity, clarity, objectivity, developmental training, democratization of advanced training, self-development of the teacher's personality on advanced training courses, psychological support for the professional development of the personality of teachers on advanced training courses according to an individual educational trajectory.
Quiosco saludable: impacto en consumo de azúcar y estado nutricional en estudiantes de secundari
Authors: Maure-Claros Helmut , Loza-Sosa Jannette Marga , Aponte Franco Sandra Milena , Rodríguez López Javier Isidro
Published: October 2024

Introducción: El consumo global de azúcar ha alcanzado 176 millones de toneladas métricas, generando un problema de salud pública al estar asociado con obesidad y diabetes. En Bolivia, el consumo de azúcar supera la media mundial, especialmente entre estudiantes de secundaria. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de un quiosco saludable en el consumo de azúcar y el estado nutricional de estudiantes de un Colegio Adventista en Cochabamba, Bolivia. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado de agosto a diciembre de 2023 con 283 estudiantes. Se usó el instrumento BEVQ-15 para medir el consumo de bebidas azucaradas y se calculó el índice de masa corporal (IMC) según criterios de la OMS. Resultados: La mayoría de los estudiantes está en rango IMC normal, los obesos consumen más bebidas azucaradas, y lo hacen fuera del quiosco saludable. Conclusiones: El quiosco saludable promueve la reducción del consumo de azúcar mejorando el estado nutricional de los estudiantes bolivianos.
Acción inhibitoria del aceite esencial de Plumbago scandens L. en promastigotes de Leishmania major like
Authors: Puchaicela Quirola Jorge David , Santillán Vinicio , Morocho Yaguana Luis Alberto
Published: October 2024

Introducción: La leishmaniasis es una enfermedad parasitaria causada por protozoos del género Leishmania, transmitida por la picadura de insectos flebótomos. Esta enfermedad afecta a millones de personas en todo el mundo, especialmente en áreas tropicales y subtropicales. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto leishmanicida del aceite esencial de Plumbago scandens L en promastigotes axénicos de Leishmania majo like. Materiales y métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio experimental donde primordialmente se obtuvieron cultivos de promastigotes de L. major like y el aceite esencial de P. scandens L, seguido a esto se realizaron 8 diluciones seriadas a probar con concentraciones de 120, 60, 30, 15, 7.5, 3.75, 1.87 y 0.9 µg/ml contra los promastigotes, la viabilidad parasitaria se midió por medio del ensayo de MTT (bromuro de 3-(4,5- dimetiltiazol-2-ilo)-2,5-difeniltetrazol) y la confirmación de la viabilidad se realizó por microscopia. Resultados: El porcentaje de inhibición en las concentraciones Nº3 (30 µg/ml) y Nº4 (15 µg/ml) arrojaron resultados de 80, 7 y 85.1% respectivamente indicando que hay una elevada acción del aceite esencial usado contra los promatigotes de Leishmania, en cuanto a las demás concentraciones usadas. El resultado varió en un 70% a excepción de las primeras concentraciones Nº1 y 2 que por la intensidad del aceite esencial se presentaron limitaciones técnicas con el uso de espectrofotómetro. Conclusiones: el aceite esencial de P. scandens L tuvo un efecto leishmanicida alto contra los promastigotes de L. major like teniendo un efecto positivo en cuanto a la realización de más estudios especializados.
Genotipos de alto riesgo del Virus del Papiloma Humano en mujeres de América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Aguilar Luna Janina Tahiry , Ortiz Tejedor Jonnathan Gerardo , Vizhñay Guzmán María Gabriela
Published: October 2024

El virus de papiloma humano, se contagia por transmisión sexual, es un adenovirus con más de 200 genotipos, de los cuales son de alto riesgo para la aparición de cáncer uterino los identificados como VPH 16,-18,-31,-33,-35,-39,-45,-51,-52,-56,-58,-59,-67-68,-73,-82. La detección de alguna de estas variantes permite la prevención y tratamiento oportuno para impedir el desarrollo del cáncer. Objetivo: Describir los principales genotipos de alto riesgo del virus del papiloma humano reportados en mujeres de América Latina y el Caribe. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de literatura utilizando el método PRISMA, a partir de una búsqueda en bases de datos como Pubmed, Scielo, ELSEVIER, Google Académico, y la de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Los criterios de inclusión son: idioma en inglés y español, estudios realizados por métodos moleculares publicados en los años 2019 al 2023. Resultados: Se describió el estado actual de los genotipos de alto riesgo del VPH en 17 países de América Latina y el Caribe, donde Venezuela es el país con mayor porcentaje de casos positivos para HPV (12,46%), seguido por las Bahamas (10,25%). De igual forma se identificó al VPH-16 con mayor prevalencia (10,18%), seguido del VPH-56 (9,39%). Conclusión: A nivel mundial se considera a los genotipos de alto riesgo VPH-16 y VPH-18 como los más comunes, pero en algunos países de América Latina y el Caribe se han identificado a otros como el VPH-56 y VPH-53 que también muestran alta frecuencia, demostrando una variación drástica entre países e incluso en diferentes regiones del mismo país.
Intellectual property management in the context of digitalization: research results
Authors: Uraev N. N. , Meshchanin M. D.
Published: October 2024

This study examines the issue of the impact of digitalization on the intellectual property management system. The authors note that intellectual property, digital economy, and international cooperation will become key factors determining the socio-economic growth of economic entities and the country as a whole. The results of the study are divided into three key sections, providing theoretical and practical aspects. The first section examines the essence of intellectual property management. Authors presented the main approaches to defining the categories of “intellectual property” and “intellectual property management”. This section also includes a chart that represents level of funding of innovation activities by country, as innovation is a fundamental aspect of intellectual property. In the second section, the authors paid special attention to the issues of digitalizing the intellectual property management system. This section presents an analysis of official global statistical data, as well as data from the Russian Federation, which helped to identify the reasons for the heterogeneous contribution of innovation development to global progress. In the third section, the authors examined the risks associated with intellectual property management. They illustrated and described the main risk areas in the intellectual property system. The conclusion highlights that effective intellectual property management will enable organizations to adapt to the evolving relationships emerged due to the growth of the digital economy.
Explicit formulas for an effective stocks portfolio in the Markowitz’s standard model
Authors: Zotyev D. B. , Sokolov V. E.
Published: October 2024

The article provides explicit formulas for the parameters of an effective stock portfolio obtained based on Markowitz’s theory, including for the Tobin’s Model. An empirical test was performed and confirmed the correctness of the obtained formulas. They can be useful in theoretical studies related to effective securities portfolios, as well as in the development of computer programs for analysing investments and the stock market.
Classification of risks on the Russian stock market
Authors: Potanin A. S.
Published: October 2024

The article examines the volatility of one of the key indices on the Russian stock market. Through the prism of statistical data analysis have been identified four key risk groups. The use of this method is justified by the obtained results. The proposed methodology can be used as a basis for forming an investment portfolio of shares with better diversification characteristics.
Library in the mirror of research: functionality and quality of services
Authors: Ilyinykh S. A.
Published: October 2024

In the article author presents two approaches to libraries: functional and user defined. From the point of view of functional significance, the library performs the function of personality formation, educational, memorial, and communicative functions. From the point of view of the quality of services received by visitors, the library appears as an architectural, construction and professional library synthesis. The user can evaluate the quality of the services provided in real and virtual space. The library can provide leisure services - clubs, clubs, evenings, lectures, concerts. The functional importance of the library, combined with the high quality of the services provided, should be an attractive place for visitors. To research the real state of affairs, the results of sociological research conducted by All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion in Russia in 2011, 2015, 2022, as well as in libraries in Novosibirsk in 2020 and 2024 are presented. All-Russian Center’s for the Study of Public Opinion results reflect attendance and solutions to the problem of low attendance. The results of the Novosibirsk study reflect an assessment of social attitudes towards libraries. Such an assessment was carried out through a content analysis of the system for collecting customer feedback on products, services, and organizations of Flame. The results of the study of Novosibirsk libraries were compared with some of the results of All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion. The author concluded that the problems of non-attendance are somewhat “far-fetched”, which hide personal lack of activity, low motivation to work with book publications. The results of the research can be used in planning the library’s activities for the development of a user service system.
اختبار قدرة التدفقات النقدية والأرباح المحاسبية في التنبؤ بالتدفقات النقدية من الأنشطة التشغيلية المستقبلية: دراسة تطبيقية على المصارف الأردنية
Authors: الشيخ عماد يوسف , هنية فادي فؤاد
Published: October 2024

سعى هذا البحث إلى دراسة قدرة أساس الاستحقاق والأساس النقدي في تحديد أفضل السبل والطرق في التنبؤ بالتدفقات النقدية المستقبلية للمصارف الأردنية، كما تم استخدام بعض العوامل الضابطة مثل حجم الأصول، ونسبة الدين ونسبة السيولة السريعة، والفوائد والتسهيلات الائتمانية. لعل من أهم النتائج التي تم التوصل إليها أنه كان هناك علاقة ضعيفة ما بين صافي الأرباح والتدفقات النقدية من النشاط التشغيلي، إلا أن هناك علاقة قوية ما بين إجمالي المستحقات والتدفقات النقدية التشغيلية، كما أظهر البحث أن البيانات المعدة وفق أساس الاستحقاق كانت أفضل لعملية التنبؤ بالتدفق النقدي المستقبلي من تلك المعدة على الأساس النقدي.
Association of social, demographic, ecological factors, and underlying diseases with COVID-19 mortality rate: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Naderipour Mitra , Hashemi Majid , Mirzaei Moghaddameh , Haghdoost Ali Akbar , Faraji Maryam
Published: October 2024

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between demographic, social, and ecological factors, as well as underlying diseases (diabetes, kidney, liver, and hypertension) with the COVID-19 mortality rate in the city of Kerman. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was carried out on 200 COVID-19 survivors and 200 hospitalized deceased patients after infection to COVID-19 from March 2019 to March 2020. Logistic regression and Poisson regression were used to assess the relationship between demographic, social factors, underlying diseases, ecological parameters, and mortality rate. Results: The COVID-19 mortality rate in the affected population (n=6966 people) was 19.5%. The affected people were over 60 years old, male, Iranian, and married in more than half of the cases. A significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of age (P<0.001). However, there was no significant difference between hospitalized deceased patients and survivors in terms of social variables. Diabetes (OR=1.79; 1.1 to 3.17), hypertension (OR=1.6; 1.02 to 2.52), and liver disease (OR=5.13; 1.05 to 24.99) had a significant effect on the mortality rate due to COVID-19 infection. The risk of COVID-19 death has significantly reached 0.96; in other words, decreased by 4% (P=0.03), for a one-degree increase in the average rainfall during the studied period. Conclusion: Finally, the prevalence of underlying diseases in the hospitalized deceased patients was more than that in the survivors. The results of the present study are expected to have preventive interventions and identify risk factors for mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and similar diseases.
Environmental chemistry and ecotoxicology of heavy metals in water, sediment, and aquatic plants in lotic ecosystem
Authors: Hadi Nabaa Shakir
Published: October 2024

Background: This study examined the effects of the Al-Rustumiya sewage treatment station on the heavy metals (Fe, Zn, and Mn) that pollute the Diyala River. Methods: Samples of water, sediment, and aquatic vegetation were collected monthly from Diyala River at four locations between March 2022 and February 2023. The samples were collected using standard sampling methods and analyzed with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: The order of heavy metals in water was: Fe>Mn>Zn, both in the dissolved and particulate phases. The sediment was ordered in the exchangeable and residual phases: Fe>Mn>Zn, while in aquatic plants, the order in leaves was: Fe>Zn>Mn, and in roots: Zn>Fe>Mn. According to the findings, the particulate phase of water contained greater quantities of heavy metals than the dissolved phase. The sediment concentrations in the residual phase exceeded those in the exchangeable phase, while the roots of aquatic plants had higher concentrations than their leaves. Conclusion: As Al-Rustumiya station’s streams flow into the river, the concentrations of heavy metals in the water increase. This has a deleterious effect on aquatic life and the agricultural area on both sides that rely on the river’s water for irrigation. This research concentrates on the destiny and processes of transmission in the lotic aquatic system for heavy metals (Fe, Zn, and Mn). As there is a cumulative effect from these metals, appropriate measures are necessary by the relevant agencies to address this problem.
Evaluating the effectiveness of advanced oxidation processes for leachate treatment: A systematic review
Authors: Zazouli Mohammad Ali , Yousefi Zabihollah , Babanezhad Esmaeil , Ali Mohammadpour Reza , Ala Alireza
Published: October 2024

Background: Leachate, containing challenging-to-degrade organic substances and persistent toxins, poses significant environmental concerns. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have emerged as a promising solution for effective leachate treatment. This research provides a comprehensive review of the impact of various AOPs in leachate treatment. Methods: This systematic review was conducted, encompassing commonly used AOPs such as ozone, peroxone, O3 /catalyst, Fenton, photo-Fenton, UV/TiO2 , photolytic persulfate, O3 /UV, and O3 /H2 O2 / UV. Extensive searches were performed using reputable databases, including EBSCO, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Specific keywords and inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied. Data regarding leachate treatment parameters were meticulously summarized and analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. Results: The efficiency of AOPs in removing leachate organic matter varied, with chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal ranging from 41% to 83% in treatment systems. The order of effectiveness was found to be: O3 /UV/H2 O2>photo-Fenton>UV/TiO2>Fenton>persulfate (PS)>O3 /UV>O3 /H2 O2>O3 / catalyst>ozonation (O3 ). The highest COD removal efficiency of 83.75% was achieved using the O3 /UV/ H2 O2 AOP approach. The removal efficiency of color also varied, ranging from 32% to 100%, depending on the leachate’s characteristics, concentration, and specific treatment process utilized. Conclusion: AOPs, particularly the hybrid approach using O3 /UV/H2 O2 , significantly enhance waste leachate treatment by effectively degrading persistent organic compounds through the generation of hydroxyl radicals. Further research is required to optimize AOPs and improve their efficiency in waste leachate treatment.
The relationship between particulate matter and kidney biomarkers in pregnant women: A case study in Yazd city
Authors: Mahgoob Al-Azzawi Reman Mohammed , Chamani Atefeh
Published: October 2024

Background: Cities negatively affect the environment. Urban pollution levels have risen considerably, affecting sensitive groups such as pregnant women. Methods: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between particulate matter and kidney biomarkers of pregnant women in Yazd from September to November 2023. Urea, uric acid, and creatinine levels were measured in 30 pregnant women (third trimester). The concentration of PM2.5 was estimated using the land use regression (LUR) model and 5 independent variables of road networks, distance from the city center, building density, elevation, and slope. For each mother, the mean concentration of the modeled PM2.5 was measured in multiple buffer rings drawn around her residential location. Generalized additive model (GAM) was employed to establish a relationship between PM2.5 concentrations with physiological indicators. Results: Average urea, uric acid, and creatinine were 18.06±5.74, 3.65±1.11, and 0.79±0.12 mg/dL, respectively. The LUR model identified road networks and distance from the city center as critical factors contributing to increased particulate matter concentration. The GAM R2 was 0.79, 0.31, and 0.28 for urea, uric acid, and creatinine, respectively. The mean PM2.5 within a radius of 2000 m was identified as the most significant independent variable and showed an increasing impact on the renal parameters. Conclusion: According to the results, reducing pollutant levels and preventing the creation of pollution hotspots via lowering road density are vital urban planning strategies to protect vulnerable groups, especially pregnant women.
Landfill leachate treatment using a combined method of coagulation, flocculation, advanced oxidation, and extended aeration
Authors: Zazouli Mohammad Ali , Yousefi Zabihollah , Babanezhad Esmaeil , Mohammadpour Reza Ali , Ala Alireza
Published: October 2024

Background: Modifying and enhancing treatment methods is essential to meet effluent standards for treating landfill leachate. This study investigated the treatment of municipal solid waste leachate (MSWL) using coagulation, flocculation, advanced oxidation, and extended aeration processes. Methods: The effects of different coagulant doses and pH values on coagulation processes were compared. The treatment procedure was analyzed to determine the impact of varying concentrations of potassium persulfate (K2 S2 O8 ) and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) on the results after coagulation with FeCl3 . The extended aeration process’s biological stages were studied using a sludge retention time (SRT) of 23 days and the effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 18 and 36 hours. Results: The experimental results show that in the pH range of 5–8, the lower the pH value, the higher the treatment efficiency. The addition of 0.8 g L1− FeCl3 can achieve a 57% removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD). The addition of 2.5 g L1− K2 S2 O8 and 1.5 g L1− H2 O2 with UV-C (15 W) for 70 minutes at pH 7 can effectively remove 86% of COD. Activated sludge extended aeration can attain an 88% removal of COD under optimal operating conditions (HRT=36 hours, SRT=23 days, and aeration=36 hours). The studied hybrid process with the efficiency of 99%, 98%, 95%, 87%, and 83% removal of COD, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity, and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), respectively, is suitable for leachate treatment. Conclusion: This study showed that flocculation-coagulation followed by the advanced oxidation process (AOP) and extended aeration can be an efficient and promising treatment method for MSWL.