bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF MORINGA SEED POD POWDER BIOSOBENT ON THE BIOSORPTION OF PB AND CU AS INFLUENCED BY PH, CONTACT TIME, DOSAGE, AND CONCENTRATION OF THE EXTRACTION SOLUTION
Authors: A.M. Umar, , D.W. Habib, , Habib A. A
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Moringa Seed Pod Powder (MSPP) as a biosorbent on the biosorption of Pb2+ and Cu2+ influenced by pH, contact duration, dosage, and extracting solution concentration. Soil samples were collected using a soil auger at depths ranging from 0 to 20 cm using a systematic (grid) sampling procedure. Moringa seed pod samples were air-dried in the shade, crushed with a stainless steel mortar and pestle, regrind with an electric grinder, and sieved (2-mm). The influence of pH on metal adsorption capacity was divided into three phases: slightly acidic, neutral, and alkaline. The adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+peaked in alkaline conditions, with values of 85.71% and 99.13%, respectively, and was lowest in neutral soil pH for both metals. The adsorption of Pb2+ gradually increases as the dose and shaking time change from 2 g for 2 h (97.20%) to 4 g for 4 h (98.81%), where it reaches a maximum, and then slightly drops as the dose and shaking time increase to 6 g and 6 h (98.14%). While Cu2+ exhibits a substantial drop in adsorption from 89.09% at (2 g 2 h) to 84.65% at (4 g 4 h), it rapidly increases to 89.99% (6 g 6 h), which represents the maximum adsorption. It is recommended to use moringa seed pod powder for the removal or remediation of Pb2+ and Cu2+ polluted soils.
BEST-FITTING AND RETURN PERIOD ANALYSIS AT KHULNA STATION DURING 1950-2022
Authors: Islam Md. Bashirul , Hossain Md. Nour , Hasan Md. Abul , Masum Md. Mehedi Hassan , Islam Md. Ashraful
Published: February 2025

Rainfall and temperature are crucial weather parameters in addressing climate change. Understanding the magnitude and severity of extreme events is essential for mitigating the adverse effects of climate change. This study conducted a frequency analysis of monthly maximum rainfall and temperature data for Khulna station spanning 73 years (1950–2022) to identify the best-fit distribution models capable of predicting extreme events. Among the eight probability distribution models (Normal, Lognormal, Generalized Extreme Value (GEV), Extreme Value, Logistic, t Location-Scale, Gamma, and Weibull distribution) tested, GEV proved the best fit for rainfall data, while Extreme Value was the optimal choice for temperature data, as confirmed by statistical tests (AIC, K-S and A-D). Model parameters were calculated using the log-likelihood method. Furthermore, the study estimated extreme values of maximum rainfall and temperature for return periods of 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 500 years. These findings can offer valuable insights for developing plans and strategies to mitigate the risks and damages associated with extreme weather events.
IMPACT OF TOLL ROAD CONSTRUCTION ON BIODIVERSITY: AN ANALYSIS OF FLORA AND FAUNA IN INDONESIA
Authors: Oetari Isworo, P.S.
Published: February 2025

The construction of toll roads in Indonesia significantly changes land use, highlighting the need for effective environmental management. A major concern is the loss of endemic habitats, which can lead to biodiversity extinction. This research analyzes the diversity and conservation status of flora and fauna in the affected area, using vegetation analysis for flora and the point count method for fauna. The results of the vegetation analysis indicate that the species composition includes 12 species from the Fabaceae family, 7 species from Asteraceae, and 5 species from Moraceae. The highest Importance Value Index in the tree stratum is attributed to Swietenia macrophylla. The highest flora diversity index is found in the herbaceous stratum (H’ = 3.25), while the diversity indices for other groups are as follows: dragonflies (H’ = 1.24), Lepidoptera (H’ = 3.26), avifauna (H’ = 2.25), and herpetofauna (H’ = 2.07). Regarding the conservation status of flora taxa, Dalbergia latifolia and Swietenia macrophylla are classified as vulnerable, while Tectona grandis is considered endangered. In the Lepidoptera group, Spalgis epius and Mycalesis horsfieldii are categorized as endangered, while Euploea mulciber and Orsotriaena medus are vulnerable. Rubigula dispar and Acridotheres javanicus are classified as vulnerable species within the avifauna group. Although the construction of the toll road will involve clearing part of the forest that includes Tectona grandis and its associated fauna, this impact is deemed manageable because no species require specialized habitats. For reforestation efforts, it is recommended to plant Ficus spp., Swietenia macrophylla, Dalbergia latifolia, and Tectona grandis.
UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS:SOIL, ENVIRONMENT, AND HUMAN HEALTH
Authors: Chaurasiaa Jay , Ghimireyb Vivek , Marahattac Saurav
Published: February 2025

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) an organic molecules with several fused aromatic rings that are known to have carcinogenic and environmental polluting qualities. The study focuses on soil toxicity, origins, routes of human exposure, and potential remediation methods of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. There are several drawbacks to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), especially in soil conditions. These highly persistent organic compounds, which frequently arise from incomplete combustion of organic materials, tend to accumulate in soil over time. Because PAHs are known to be harmful and carcinogenic, this accumulation raises concerns for human health in addition to endangering biodiversity and soil quality. Furthermore, because of their propensity to contaminate groundwater, they pose a threat to aquatic ecosystems and may expose communities to additional harm. Through their detrimental effects on microbial communities, which are essential to the cycling of nutrients and the general health of the soil, PAHs can also upset important soil processes. Additionally, the adherence of PAHs to soil particles makes cleanup difficult and expensive. This hampers remediation efforts. All things considered, the fact that PAHs are found in soil emphasizes how critical it is to address their sources and put into place practical measures to lessen their negative effects on the soil, environment, and human health.
ASSESSMENT OF VEGETATION STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PLANT SPECIES DIVERSITY IN ISE-EKITI FOREST RESERVE, SOUTH WESTERN NIGERIA
Authors: Dada Adebowale D. , Matthew Olaniran J. , Odiwe Anthony. I.
Published: February 2025

Information on the richness of plant species and the structure of the vegetation in forest reserves are crucial for making well-informed decisions, managing reserve forests sustainably, and promoting successful conservation. The study assessed structural characteristics and plant species diversity in the disturbed and non-disturbed plots in the Ise-Ekiti Forest Reserve, Southwestern, Nigeria. Area sizes of 25 m x 25 m in each of the disturbed and undisturbed were randomly established. In each plot, the woody plants were enumerated and the girth sizes of the woody plants were measured using a diameter tape and Spiegel Relaskop. The results showed that the values of stem density (7520 ha-1 ) and basal area (0.8868 m2 ha-1 ) recorded in undisturbed areas were higher than the values recorded in disturbed areas (5147 ha-1, 0.5236 m2 ha-1) respectively. The Shannon’s Weiner Diversity Index value from the undisturbed areas (H′=3.10) was higher than that of the disturbed areas (H′ =2.83). Simpson diversity index was also found to be higher in undisturbed areas (0.93) compared with the values (0.91) recorded in the disturbed areas. The individual rarefaction curve from the results indicated that undisturbed areas were richer in plant species compared to disturbed areas. The findings also revealed that the relationship between relative dominance-important value index, abundance-stem density, height-diameter at breast height, and relative density-relative frequency of plant species was highly significant in both disturbed and undisturbed plots. The study concludes that essential metrics for comprehending the composition and structure of forests are stem density and basal area, which offer valuable information about the productivity and well-being of ecosystems. It also concluded that low Important Value Index (IVI) values indicate species at risk and highlight the importance of conservation actions, which helps prioritize efforts to conserve species.
UNPACKING NIGERIA'S GREEN ECONOMY DYNAMICS
Authors: Fagorite Victor I. , Omefe Victor O. , Ibadin Osaremen O. , Marvin Mahlon K. , Takur Doosughun A. , Okoroafor Ginika P. , Agbasi Okechukwu E. , Okafor Tochukwu C. , Malo Ifeoma N.
Published: February 2025

This paper provides an in-depth analysis on the dynamics of the green economy in Nigeria, examining its role in promoting sustainable development, mitigating environmental degradation, and fostering socio-economic progress. As a transformative approach prioritising sustainability, environmental preservation, and social justice, the green economy focuses on addressing the disproportionate impact of environmental degradation on vulnerable populations, as defined by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). In Nigeria, leveraging sustainable practices and renewable resources is essential for driving economic growth while promoting social equity and mitigating environmental harm. The country faces significant environmental challenges, including deforestation, pollution, climate change vulnerability, and inadequate waste management. Transitioning to a green economy presents opportunities to tackle these issues through sustainable development, clean technologies, and environmental regulations. The paper reviews key policies, initiatives and institutions in Nigeria aimed at promoting green growth and highlights four main components of the country’s green economy framework: renewable energy transition, sustainable agriculture, waste management and recycling, and sustainable transport infrastructure. The benefits of transitioning to a green economy in Nigeria include job creation, poverty reduction, improved public health, and climate change mitigation. However, challenges such as limited awareness, policy inconsistencies, financial constraints, infrastructure deficiencies, and political interests hinder implementation. Overcoming these obstacles requires coordinated efforts to enhance policy coherence, strengthen regulatory frameworks, mobilise financial resources, and foster multi-stakeholder partnerships. Despite these challenges, Nigeria has significant opportunities to scale up green economy practices through renewable energy, sustainable agriculture, circular economy initiatives, eco-tourism, urban green infrastructure, digital innovation, and international cooperation, aiming for a sustainable and prosperous future.
TAXONOMIC CONSIDERATION OF THE SOUTHERN TETHYAN ROTALIID BENTHIC FORAMINIFERAL MEMBERS OF THE GENUS Cibicidoides
Authors: Anan Haidar Salim
Published: February 2025

Eighteen Cibicidoides Rotaliid benthic foraminiferal species were erected from three localities in the Southern Tethys Chile, Egypt and Pakistan. An American diagnostic west hemisphere species C. vulgaris is added to the assemblage, which was later is also recorded from another localities in the eastern hemisphere in the Southern Tethys: Egypt and Iran . One of the identified species is believed here to be new: C. chilensis. Environmental conditions of the identified species of the genus Cibicidoides represent middle-outer neritic environment (100-200 m) and show an affinity with Midway-Type Fauna “MTF”.
PRODUCTION AND MARKETING STATUS OF LARGE CARDAMOM IN TEHRATHUM, NEPAL
Authors: Tamang Samita , Bohara Bhuwan , Bohara Menuka , Rawat Ganesh
Published: February 2025

The survey research entitled “Production and Marketing Status of Large Cardamom in Tehrathum, Nepal” was conducted in Myanglung Municipality, Laligurans Municipality and Menchhayem Rural Municipality with an objective to identify the current status of large cardamom production and marketing in Tehrathum district of Nepal. For the study, 60 households were selected using simple random sampling technique. The data were collected through household survey, key informants interview and direct observation. Data entry and analysis were done by using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. The average land under large cardamom cultivation was 0.64 ha with the average cardamom farming experience of about 12 years. The average production and productivity of large cardamom were 182.15 kg and 284.6kg/ha respectively. Overall, benefit and cost ratio was found to be 1.42. Attack of disease and pest and decreasing market price of cardamom were the major problem in production and marketing of large cardamom respectively. Almost all respondents used traditional smoking dryer (Bhatti) to cure cardamom that makes the dried capsules prone to quality degradation so they expressed the necessity of modern smokeless dryer.
Current situation and path of integrating labor education in curriculum teaching of secondary vocational majors
Authors: Zhao Jing , Guo Yali
Published: February 2025

The course teaching of secondary vocational majors and labor education have a mutually beneficial and win-win logic relationship. The integration of vocational curriculum teaching with labor education is not only an important way for the innovation and development of vocational colleges, but also a powerful force for training talents needed for industrial transformation and upgrading. The investigation into the current situation of vocational students receiving labor education in the teaching of professional courses found that in order to improve the comprehensive quality of students, innovative and integrated teaching organization should be adopted. In order to strengthen the organic integration of curriculum teaching and labor education, three principles of intention, nature and effectiveness should be followed in teaching practice. On this basis, through the formulation of integration objectives, mining course content, innovation of teaching implementation, optimization effect evaluation of four practical ways to promote the high quality of curriculum teaching and labor education.
An Empirical Study on the Human Resource Development of “She” Women in Guangzhou from the Perspective of Language Development
Authors: Tang Lipeng
Published: February 2025

Women are an important force in building a well-off society in an comprehensive way in rural areas, and also the main force in building a new socialist countryside. At present, the development of minority women’s human resources tends to ignore the value of their language and pay more attention to the economic value brought by their labor force. Women in “She” ethnic villages in Guangzhou generally have the ability of flexible code-switching in four languages, namely “She,” Cantonese, Hakka and Mandarin. Based on the field investigation and from the perspective of language resources development and utilization, this paper aims to help the development of human resources of “She” ethnic women in Guangzhou from the aspects of family language education, practical skills training, language information and tourism resource integration, and further promote the economic development of “She” ethnic villages.
The Practical Application of Performance-based Assessment in Primary School Chinese Teaching
Authors: Xu Dan , Shen Qinying
Published: February 2025

Performance assessment, as a way to pay attention to students’ learning process, provides a new idea and perspective for Chinese teaching evaluation in primary school. In order to guide the evaluation of primary school Chinese teaching to a new step, this article on the performance assessment of the composition of the elements, performance assessment in primary school Chinese teaching application status and existing problems, performance assessment in primary school Chinese teaching application strategy launched an in-depth exploration, to effectively avoid the drawbacks of traditional teaching evaluation, promote the overall primary school Chinese to achieve high-quality development.
The High Expression of EXOSC3 in OSCC is Associated with Poor Prognosis and Immune Infiltration
Authors: Liu Yucunxi , Liu Jianguo
Published: February 2025

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant tumor in the oral and maxillofacial region, primarily affecting the tongue, gingiva, oral cavity, buccal mucosa, and floor of the mouth. It exhibits high rates of recurrence and metastasis, contributing to a poor prognosis for patients. Identifying molecular markers associated with OSCC holds significant value for advancing its diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Exosome Component 3 (EXOSC3) is a protein-coding gene involved in the auto-degradation of E3 ubiquitin ligase COP 1 and rRNA processing in the nucleus and cytoplasmic sol. This gene plays a crucial role in diseases such as colon cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that EXOSC3 expression is significantly elevated in OSCC and is associated with poor patient prognosis. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses indicate that EXOSC3 is strongly linked to the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Moreover, immune infiltration analysis demonstrated a significant association between EXOSC3 expression and immune cell subset infiltration, as well as immune checkpoint expression, underscoring its importance in OSCC. However, further research is required to elucidate the specific role of EXOSC3 in OSCC diagnosis and treatment. A comprehensive investigation into the mechanisms of EXOSC3 in OSCC may reveal new potential targets for improving the diagnosis and treatment of this malignancy.口腔鳞状细胞癌（Oral squamous cell carcinoma，OSCC）是口腔颌面部最常见的恶性肿瘤，主要发生在舌、牙龈、口腔、颊粘膜和口底等部位。它具有高度复发性和转移性，导致患者预后不良。因此，寻找与口腔鳞状细胞癌相关的分子标志物对口腔鳞状细胞癌的诊断、治疗和预后具有重要意义。Exosome Component 3是一种蛋白质编码基因，与E3泛素连接酶COP 1的自身降解以及rRNA在细胞核和细胞质溶胶中的加工有关，在结肠癌和非小细胞肺癌中发挥重要作用。通过生物信息学，我们发现EXOSC 3在OSCC中的表达显著增加，并且与患者预后不良相关。GO和KEGG富集分析显示EXOSC 3与细胞因子-细胞因子受体相互作用、Toll样受体信号通路和JAK-STAT信号通路显著相关。此外，免疫浸润分析显示，EXOSC 3与免疫细胞亚群的浸润和免疫检查点的表达显著相关，突出了EXOSC 3在OSCC中的重要性。然而，需要进一步的研究来确定EXOSC 3对口腔鳞癌诊断和治疗的具体影响。这将有助于我们全面了解EXOSC 3在OSCC中的作用机制，为OSCC的诊断和治疗提供新的潜在靶点。
Advantages and Application Prospects of Traditional Chinese Medicine Granules
Authors: Sun Xiaohua
Published: February 2025

With the advancement of the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), TCM granules have emerged and garnered widespread attention. This study provides a comprehensive review of the development of TCM granules, analyzing their characteristics in terms of ease of use, quality stability, and pharmacodynamic advantages. It also explores their broad application prospects in clinical TCM treatment and preventive healthcare. Through an integrative analysis of relevant research literature, the study highlights the significant value and vast development potential of TCM granules in modern medicine. The article aims to offer valuable references for the modernization and internationalization of TCM while promoting the continuous development and innovative application of TCM granules in the field of traditional Chinese medicine.
Impact of Ship Technology and Environmental Legislation on ISM Code
Authors: Sun Xiaopeng , He Liang
Published: February 2025

This paper contains a detailed analysis of the International Safety Management Code (ISMC), a fundamental sea-based standard whose priority is safety through incorporating safety management systems (SMSs) that meet the requirements of shipping companies. Established by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 1993, the ISM Code’s primary goal is to reduce maritime accidents by enforcing safety on board. This study includes the historical part of the ISM Code, the evaluation of its efficiency as well as the identification of the obstacles that stand in the way of its actual implementation. In addition to providing this information, this section also explains the rise of the ISM Code through considerations such as the effects of technology and the implementation of strict environmental legislation.
A Review of the Classification and Application of Workplace Humor
Authors: Liao Ziyi
Published: February 2025

Given the prominent social and strategic positions that humor occupies in human society, especially within various organizations, a substantial number of entrepreneurs recognize its crucial role in the work environment. This research conducts a comprehensive exploration of the concept of humor. Firstly, it delves deeply into its origin. Subsequently, it provides a detailed elaboration of its definition. Next, it undertakes an in-depth analysis of its classification, categorizing humor into two types, namely positive humor and negative humor. Finally, it combs through the empirical research on the impact results of positive humor and negative humor. The ultimate aim is to provide theoretical support for the management of workplace humor, the facilitation of team collaboration, and the optimization of employee resource utilization.
Rejection of Criminal Sanctions on Perpetrators of Domestic Rape (Gender Activist Perspective)
Authors: Rahmawati Rita , Umam Misbahul Fuadil
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the views of gender activists on the MUI Fatwa Number 02/MUNAS-IX/MUI/2015 on the rejection of criminal sanctions for perpetrators of domestic rape and to find out the legal arguments of the informants related to this fatwa . Domestic sexual violence is an important issue and is often ignored in society. This study uses a field research method with an interactive qualitative approach using primary data sources obtained by interview techniques with informants, namely activists of the UIN KH Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan gerder, and secondary data in the form of literature from research books obtained by documentation techniques. The data was analyzed using interactive model qualitative data analysis techniques.The results of the study concluded that gender activists' views vary regarding the fatwa. Several activists have different views on this fatwa. However, all of them reject the fatwa on sexual coercion in the household as not sexual violence because it is considered not to support protection for victims and strengthens patriarchal norms. Arguments from gender activists refer to the Domestic Violence Law which categorizes domestic rape as sexual violence . This study suggests that the fatwa be reviewed and accompanied by case studies to increase public understanding and acceptance and provide appropriate legal solutions for perpetrators of domestic rape.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika Melalui Model PBL dengan Pendekatan TaRL Kelas IV SDN Sarirejo
Authors: Andriyani Riris , Mushafanah Qoriati , Suwarni Suwarni
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika peserta didik kelas IV SDN Sarirejo melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) yang dikombinasikan dengan pendekatan Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL). Pendekatan ini berfokus pada penyesuaian pembelajaran dengan tingkat kemampuan dan kebutuhan masing-masing peserta didik. Metode yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan dua siklus yang mencakup perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 22 peserta didik dengan kemampuan awal yang bervariasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang signifikan pada aktivitas pendidik, keterlibatan peserta didik, serta hasil belajar matematika. Pada siklus pertama, ketuntasan belajar peserta didik mencapai 72,73%, dan meningkat menjadi 86,36% pada siklus kedua. Penerapan pendekatan TaRL terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika, dengan memungkinkan peserta didik untuk belajar sesuai dengan kemampuan mereka. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan model PBL yang dipadukan dengan pendekatan TaRL dapat menciptakan pengalaman belajar yang menyenangkan dan mendukung pencapaian keberhasilan akademik peserta didik.
Peran Kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Pembentukan Identitas Nasional di Indonesia
Authors: Sapruddin Sapruddin
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) dalam pembentukan identitas nasional di Indonesia. Kurikulum PAI memiliki kontribusi signifikan dalam mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai kebangsaan, seperti persatuan, toleransi, dan ukhuwah wathaniyah, yang menjadi dasar dari identitas nasional Indonesia. Selain itu, metode pengajaran yang digunakan, seperti diskusi kelompok dan ceramah, serta kegiatan ekstrakurikuler, efektif dalam memperkuat pemahaman siswa mengenai pentingnya menjaga persatuan dan keberagaman dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Namun, tantangan yang dihadapi adalah pengaruh globalisasi yang dapat mengancam nilai-nilai kebangsaan dan religius. Oleh karena itu, kurikulum PAI perlu terus berinovasi dengan program yang lebih interaktif dan kontekstual agar relevan dengan perkembangan zaman dan mampu membentuk karakter siswa yang nasionalis dan religius di tengah tantangan globalisasi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kurikulum PAI berperan strategis dalam pembentukan identitas nasional, namun perlu penyesuaian berkelanjutan agar tetap relevan dengan kebutuhan masyarakat dan tantangan zaman.
Valor Pastoral da Palavra de Deus na Sagrada Liturgia
Authors: Bea Agostinho
Published: February 2025

Entre os vários elementos que se acham reunidos na sagrada Liturgia da Igreja, a leitura da Palavra de Deus, da Sagrada Escritura, que se faz em diversas funções litúrgicas, mas especialmente na Santa Missa, é certamente um dos mais importantes. Ora, quem analisa as iniciativas adotadas pela Santa Sé neste último decénio, no campo litúrgico, facilmente perceberá nelas a preocupação de tirar de cada um dêsses elementos fruto pastoral o maior possível...
Documentos Eclesiásticos sobre Práticas Supersticiosas e Demoníacas
Authors: Koser Constantino
Published: February 2025

Os documentos eclesiásticos sôbre práticas supersticiosas e demoníacas são muito menos numerosos do que seria de supor, em vista da amplíssima propagação desta pseudo-religião. Contudo, atingem um volume que ultrapassa notavelmente o limite de um artigo. Por isto se impõe a mais estrita limitação aos próprios documentos eclesiásticos, sem investigação dos seus fundamentos escriturísticos, patrísticos e teológicos. Além disto, o presente estudo se restringe aos documentos da Igreja universal e aos dos concílios particulares de maior importância e influência. Esta restrição se impõe, aliás, já por motivos de método: o valor teológico dos documentos de âmbito particular está na sua unanimidade. Logo, para se poder aproveitar a doutrina aí exposta, é necessário um levantamento completo e o estudo minucioso da proporção de unanimidade para cada ponto de doutrina...
Musical Cultures in Seventeenth-Century Russia
Authors: Jensen Claudia
Published: February 2025

Jensen focuses on a very specific-and little researched and written about-topic and period: the music of the court and church in Muscovite Russia, from the installation of Patriarch Iov in 1589 to the beginning of the reign of Peter the Great in 1694. The first chapter offers a musicological and historical perspective on the rise and fall of the 'False Dmitrii' at the beginning of the 17th century. In the next two chapters, the author explores the singing styles of Muscovite society throughout the 17th century, and in subsequent chapters she documents a number of specific individuals, works, and events of the 1670s-80s, especially composer Nikolai Diletskii and his works. A final chapter documents the rise and fall of the Muscovite court theater and its only patron and audience: Czar Aleksei Mikhailovich, who came to the throne in 1645. This is a book for music scholars (especially those interested in Eastern liturgical music of the 16th and 17th centuries) and for those pursuing study of Russian history. Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through faculty and professionals. - Choice
Analysis of sediment quality in the oil-reach Bayelsa state, Niger delta region of Nigeria
Authors: Reward Kokah Douglas  , Ayebatin Fou  , Peremelade Perez Araka
Published: February 2025

Sediments are a dire part of the aquatic ecosystems, and their contamination is a global concern. Therefore, this study evaluates sediment quality in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria based on heavy metal-contamination. To achieve this, three set of sediment samples were collected, two were sampled from areas with history of crude oil spills, and a control sample was collected from an area with no history of crude oil spills. Sediment sampling covered three different sites. For site 1, the mean concentrations of heavy metal were 0.49, 14.70, 7.35, 8.72, 13.92, and 38.06 mg/kg for cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc, respectively. These concentrations were below the threshold effect concentration, and probable effect concentration. These are both environment risk guidelines. Similarly, for site 2, the mean concentrations of heavy metals were 1.92, 30.61, 19.41, 20.05, 22.99, and 102.28 mg/kg for the heavy metal order above. The concentration of cadmium (1.92) is above the threshold effect concentration value (0.99 mg/kg), which implies adverse effect is expected to occur. The concentration values of the rest heavy metals were below both the threshold effect concentration and probable effect concentration guideline values. For site 3, the mean concentration values following the heavy metal order were 0.29, 36.45, 20.20, 16.25, 21.51, and 62.14 mg/kg, respectively. These values are all below the two specified guideline values. The control samples all had concentrations below the guideline values of the two specified guidelines, indicating that the high concentration values were due to crude oil spills in the area. However, since heavy metals are known for their bioaccumulation and biomagnifications potentials, and degradation resistance, there is need for sediment quality analysis in the region to safeguard our aquatic ecosystems.
Jejunal volvulus masquerading as peptic ulcer disease in an adult: A case report
Authors: Ugboma Enighe W  , Aghedo Kawa L  , Akagbue Vivian N
Published: February 2025

This case reports small bowel volvulus (SBV) in a 45-years old male, initially misdiagnosed as an acute peptic ulcer exacerbation. The patient presented with non-specific symptoms, and initial imaging studie were unremarkable, delaying diagnosis. Further radiological investigations (CT) showed bowel obstruction with pneumatosis intestinali and ascites. Jejunal volvulus with necrosis, necessitating resection and anastomosis, was noted during emergency laparotomy.
This case shows the need for a high index of suspicion regarding SBV prevention and management to improve patient outcomes.
The people with disabilities in Goma city; Their experience and coping mechanisms during the eruptions of Nyiragongo volcano
Authors: Rachel MIRIMO MUNPFANO  , Abel MINANI SHAMWESI  , Albert KYAMBIKWA MILUNGU  , Marcel BAHATI RUSIMBUKA
Published: February 2025

Population growth, especially that of persons with disabilities, PWD increases human vulnerability to the risks of the Nyiragongo volcano. The experience of PWD in the face of eruptions already lived could provide necessary guidance for disaster prevention. Through a survey coupled with a purposive and snowballing techniques, the data collected were subject to descriptive and inferential analysis. The results revealed that the majority of our respondents, 46.2% are young people who only experienced the 2021 eruption. Among those who experienced the 2021 eruption, that of 2002 and the one of 1977, i.e. 11.9%, no one of them is under 50 years old. During the volcanic crisis, most of our respondents, i.e. 68.7%, went through hardships, were left without support and felt abandoned in despair even by those around them. As a survival mechanism, 35.8% of our respondents said they had no choice but to wait for the alert like everyone else, while 31.3% of our respondents immersed themselves in prayer. Through the test of independence, a significant relationship had been observed between experience with eruptions and the survival mechanism. The more experienced, the respondent, the less likely it is to manage the crisis through inappropriate mechanisms. The authors recommend strengthening communication on volcanic risks including PWD in schools, universities and workplaces, as well as creating safer evacuation sites in the city and means of transportation for people with disabilities.
Secure mechanical design and manufacturing: Preventing IP theft via cybersecurity
Authors: Shubham Bhaskar Thakare  , Sanjay Poddar
Published: February 2025

The impending threat of Intellectual Property (IP) in design and manufacturing from mechanical engineering is increasingly furthering concerns on using digitized production and globalized supply chains. In conjunction with the greater adoption of CAD, PLM, and AM, the risk now is greater with respect to cyberattacks, unauthorized access, and industrial espionage. The paper analyzes certain cybersecurity challenges in mechanical engineering, like: secure design, encrypted manufacturing workflows, and best practices for preventing IP theft. It analyzes the threats ranging from cyberattacks on the CAD, engineering files, weaknesses in the supply chain, reverse engineering, and insider threats. The paper puts forward security frameworks, encryption schemes, blockchain-based authentication, and ZTA to protect the design and production data. In addition, the case studies from the aerospace, automotive, and industrial automation domains showcase the real incidents of IP theft and countermeasures used to curb access to such practices. Finally, the paper towards the end introduces the developments in the future of cybersecurity concerning mechanical engineering, centering on the role of AI-enabled real-time suspicious behavior detection and secure cloud collaboration platforms. Providing robust cybersecurity ensures that manufacturers will be able to protect their proprietary designs while retaining competitiveness and mechanical systems' immunity to cyber threats.
Analyses of action of Saindhavadya ghruta W.S.R. to its anti-convulsant activity
Authors: Shilpa S. N.  , Krishnamurthy M. S  , Ajay Kumar K. A.
Published: February 2025

Ancient acharyas of Ayurveda had an excellent knowledge of the properties and action of the single drugs. Through their deep insight they formulated enumerable yogas by the combination of these single drugs. Various research studies have proved the efficacy of these formulations. This article attempts to analyze the action of one such formulation Saindhavadya Ghruta, indicated for Apasmara and Graha Doshas in Yogaratnakara. In an experimental study undertaken, Saindhavadya Ghruta showed good anti-convulsant activity. It proves to be an excellent drug designing by the author. Previous studies indicated that all the ingredients of the preparation are independently having anti-convulsant action. Even the drugs used for murcchana have been studied to have anti-convulsant activity individually. Hence, it proves the synergistic action of the drugs combined in the formulation judiciously to pronounce the total action of the yoga.
Antibacterial Activity of Bidara Arab Leaves (Ziziphus spina-christi L) Extract Against Gram-negative Anaerobic Subgingival Bacteria
Authors: Syahriel Dwis , Hervina Hervina , Sardi Ni Wayan Arni
Published: February 2025

Background: Gram-negative anaerobic subgingival bacteria play an important role in the initiation and progression of periodontitis. The secondary metabolites contained in Bidara Arab leaves (Ziziphus spina-christi L) have potential to be antibacterial and inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacterial. The purposed of this study to evaluated the antibacterial activity of Bidara Leaves extract against gram-negative anaerobic subgingival bacteria. Method: Experimental laboratories using Mueller hinton agar to determine the antibacterial activity of Bidara leaves extract 40% and 60% against Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter ctinomycetemcomitans, and Fusobacterium nucleatum, with a comparison of the negative control group ethanol 96% and tetracycline as positive control. The production of extracts through maseration techniques and the subsequent phytochemical testing through tube reaction test. Result: The results of phytochemical analysis identified the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids. The inhibition test showed that the Bidara leaves extract exhibited strong inhibition and a concentration of  60% was more effective than 40% against Gram-negative anaerobic subgingival bacteria including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter ctinomycetemcomitans, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Conclusion: The Bidara Arab leaves (Ziziphus spina-christi L) extract at concentration 60% was more effective than 40% against gram-negative anaerobic bacteria
DIFFERENCES IN PREVALENCE OF EARLY CHILDHOOD CARIES (ECC) IN STUNTING AND NON-STUNTING CHILDREN IN BANDUNG
Authors: Mulsin Jenny Imanuel
Published: February 2025

Background: ECC (early childhood caries) has become a significant oral health problem in children. ECC in children can cause pain that could interferes nutritional intake. Meanwhile, malnutrition conditions can roughen the enamel surface, affect the salivary glands, reduced salivary flow rate, affect the salivary composition and pH to a lower level thereby increased the risk of ECC. This study aims to determine differences in prevalence of ECC on stunted and non-stunted children.
Method: This research was conducted using an observational analytic method with a cross-sectional study design. The ICC value (intraclass correlation coefficient) was obtained at 0.93. The collection of ECC prevalence data was carried out in April-May 2023 in Antapani Tengah and Antapani Kidul, Bandung. Data collection was carried out by examining the teeth and oral cavity in stunted and non-stunted children. The results of the research data were tested by using the Chi-Square test.
Result: The average value of the def-t index for stunted children was 6.43 and 5.23 for non-stunted children. Both sample groups are included in the high category according to WHO (World Health Organization). The prevalence of ECC in stunted children was found to be 93.3% while the prevalence of ECC in non-stunted children was 73.3%. Chi-square test results show a p-value of 0.006 which indicates a p-value
Cytotoxicity analysis of alginate impression materials based red seaweed extract on cultured gingival fibroblast cells
Authors: Praharani Depi , Barid Izzata , Indahyani Didin Erma , Probosari Niken , Lestari Sri , Sulistiyani Sulistiyani , Sumono Agus
Published: February 2025

Background: Alginate is an impression material that is widely used in dentistry. Alginate can actually also be obtained from natural materials such as red seaweed. The impression procedure causes the impression material to come into contact with oral tissues including the gingiva. Ideally, the materials used must also meet requirements such as low toxicity or non-toxicity so that tissue damage does not occur. This study aims to analyze the cytotoxicity of alginate impression materials from red seaweed extract in gingival fibroblast cell. Method: This experimental laboratory design using post-test only control group design. The research groups consisted of: sodium alginate extract group, red seaweed extract-based alginate impression material, positive control and negative control. Cytotoxicity was tested on gingival fibroblast cell cultures and the effect was analyzed using the MTT assay. Exposure to gingival fibroblast cell cultures was differentiated in three time durations: 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes. Each time duration was repeated three times. MTT-formazan production is a method used to measure cell viability (living cells). The data obtained were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA test and Tukey HSD post hoc test. Result: There was no significant difference in the average cell viability between the red seaweed extract-based alginate impression material group and the negative control group at an exposure duration of 5 minutes, which was more than 90%. Conclusion: The red seaweed extract-based alginate impression material has no toxic effect on gingival fibroblast cells at 5 minutes exposure.
KNIFE-EDGE MODIFIED SUBGINGIVAL CROWN PREPARATION: DENTAL PREPARATION ACCORDING TO BIOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES
Authors: Hudyono Rikko , Fathurrahman Helmi , Elok Nafisah , Anggarani Welly , Putranto Rama
Published: February 2025

Fixed bridge and crown restorations are widely utilized in dental practice. The utilization of bridge as a substitute for implants is prevalent in several contexts. The crown preparation procedure has a crucial role in determining the long-term periodontal tissue health. Under-preparation frequently manifests in many clinical circumstances, resulting in the thickening of the prosthetic crown in the cervical region. The accumulation of plaque in subgingival preparations is an often seen issue. Given the progressive advancements in material technology and manufacturing procedures, it is imperative to critically evaluate the continued suitability of chamfer and shoulder preparation techniques in contemporary practice. This is particularly relevant when considering restorations involving subgingival preparation edges. The objective of this study is to examine the utilization of knife-edge modified subgingival preparation procedures and monolithic zirconia restorative materials as potential strategies for the maintenance of periodontal and esthetic tissues over an extended length of time
Analysis of Changes in Oral Microbiota for Interval of Post-Mortem Estimation: Review Article
Authors: Langit Ken Sekar , Prabowo Yoghi Bagus , Shifa Liftia Layyinatus
Published: February 2025

Background: The microbiota change caused by the decomposition process after death can be used to determine the post-mortem interval. This condition is associated with changes in the oral microbiota. Oral microbiota can be used as an appropriate source for analysis without interfering with the corpse or breaking Indonesian law. This review will examine the changes in the oral microbiota to determine the time of death. Method: The literature search was carried out using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, and the results were screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Result: The discussion was based on six literature reviews that met the criteria and subject matter of this review. Conclusion: The microbiota in the body contributes to the decomposition process after death. This condition allows it to be used as a reference for determining the postmortem interval. These changes, however, cannot be distinguished from the presence of factors such as temperature, pH, humidity, and an anaerobic environment. Consider these factors when analyzing post-mortem intervals using oral microbiota changes.
Oral Health Care and Aspiration Pneumonia
Authors: Salma Yasmin Hanifa , Murad Chrysanti , Megantara Imam
Published: February 2025

Background: Oral health care is important to prevent aspiration pneumonia. Poor oral hygiene in elderly patients heightens the risk of aspiration pneumonia due to the growth of potential periodontopathogen bacteria. This literature review aims to describe the effect of oral health care on the incidence of pneumonia and/or the number of oral bacteria.Method: The literature search was conducted based on the PRISMA guideline with the PICO framework by utilizing electronic search engines in databases: PubMed, Cochrane's Library, and Google Scholar from March through May 2024. All articles to be reviewed were ‘’full text” published from 2014 to 2024. An eligibility assessment was conducted based on inclusion and exclusion criteria; thus, seven articles were selected.Result: Mechanical tooth and mouth cleaning, in addition to using mouthwash and moisturizing agents, effectively reduces the risk of aspiration pneumonia in the elderly.Conclusion: Oral health care with mechanical and pharmacological interventions are deemed appropriate to be given to elderly individuals to prevent aspiration pneumonia.
Development of Teacher-Reported Preschool Children's Self-Regulation Skills Assessment Scale
Authors: Ertürk Kara Hatice Gözde , Guler Yıldız Tülin , Atar Burcu
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study was to develop a scale to assess the self-regulation (SR) skills of preschool children. The developed scale enables the assessment of preschool children’s self-regulation (SR) skills based on their teachers’ observations. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on Turkish preschool children with two samples (n=300 and n=289, respectively). The TR-PCSAS, with 42 items in total, has its three-factor structure supported by the factor analysis results. In addition to good reliability and construct validity results, the measure also had a strong positive correlation with a similar scale. A multiple regression analysis was conducted to predict children’s SR skills based on gender, duration of attended early childhood education, and the teachers’ professional experience. These variables significantly predicted children’s SR skills. Findings demonstrate that the TR-PCSAS has appropriate psychometric characteristics and can be used for assessing the SR skills of preschool children in Turkiye.
Methodological Diversity and Trends in Intertextual Reading Research
Authors: Babacan Kübra , Akyol Hayati
Published: February 2025

This study aims to reveal the methodological diversity and trends in research on intertextual reading. Using a qualitative descriptive survey, 23 research articles published between 2014 and 2024 were analysed. The research focuses on the methodologies, sample types, data collection tools, prominent findings and recommendations of these articles. The results show that intertextual reading has become a universal area of academic interest by crossing cultural and interdisciplinary boundaries, especially in fields such as education, literature, psychology and linguistics. The study reveals that qualitative methods are predominantly used and that there is a tendency towards in-depth and contextual analyses of intertextual processes. However, quantitative and mixed methods were also used to test the findings in larger sample groups. The research reveals that university students are the primary focus of these studies, but significant attention has also been paid to secondary and primary levels. The findings suggest the global applicability of intertextual reading strategies, the development of critical and creative thinking skills, and students' in-depth understanding of texts from multiple perspectives.