bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cancer Risk Assessment and the Biostatistical Revolution of the 1970s—A Reflection
Authors: Crump Kenny
Published: November 2018

Before around 1960, assessment of risk from exposure to toxic substances, including risk of cancer, was generally implemented using the NOAEL-safety factor approach that essentially assumed that an exposure threshold existed and exposures below the threshold carried no risk. In the 1970s there came a realization that cancer could develop from a mutation in a single cell and consequently it was unlikely that a threshold existed for substances that could cause such mutations, and that risk could increase linearly with exposure. During this time the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was formed and charged with protecting the public from a perceived high risk of environmental cancer. Faced with this difficult task, EPA decided to assess cancer risk by fitting a statistical model to dose-response cancer data and extrapolating to low dose using the fitted model. After some early experimentation EPA selected the Linearized Multistage Model for this fitting, which predicted risk increased linearly with exposure at low exposures. This approach led to an increased emphasis on statistical issues in risk assessment. Today, cancer risk assessment guidelines allow for different approaches depending upon the understanding of a substance's mode of action. However, a review of EPA's experience with current guidelines indicates that most cancer risk assessments still follow procedures similar to those initiated more than 40 years ago.
A compliant control method for robust trot motion of hydraulic actuated quadruped robot
Authors: Chen Teng , Rong Xuewen , Li Yibin , Ding Chao , Chai Hui , Zhou Lelai
Published: November 2018

A motion control approach is proposed for hydraulic actuated quadruped robots, aiming to achieve active compliance and robust motion control. The approach is designed with a structure of three layers. Servo valve-controlled asymmetric hydraulic cylinder model is established to obtain the relationship between the desired torque and the control current signal, which is the bottom layer. The middle layer is based on the virtual model of the leg for active compliance. The upper layer considers the torso posture and velocity into planning the foot trajectories based on the spring loaded inverted pendulum model. Trotting gait simulations are conducted based on the proposed framework in the simulation software environment Webots. The motion control approach has been implemented on a robot prototype SCalf-II (SDU calf), where experiments have been conducted including omnidirectional trotting gait, lateral impact recovery and climbing slopes. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed approach can effectively control the hydraulic actuated robots.
Supply chain quality management: An investigation in the Chinese construction industry
Authors: Zeng Wenjuan , Tse Mike YK , Tang Minmin
Published: November 2018

Recently, in China, the issue of poor quality construction has drawn much public attention. This problem is related not only to poor quality control on the part of the construction firm, but also to the use of inadequate materials and inexperienced subcontractors, that is, to poor quality assurance in the construction supply chain. The purpose of this article is to examine supply chain quality management (SCQM) in the construction industry. Using a case-study approach, this research focuses on a Chinese medium-sized private enterprise in order to determine the most efficient way to conduct a high-quality project when collaborating with material suppliers and subcontractors. To this end, we replicate and extend the SCQM practices to help develop a more refined SCQM conceptual model relevant to the construction industry. Based on the different perspectives of managers and engineers, two frameworks are presented to illustrate (1) the correlation between SCQM and purchasing function (PF), and (2) how to work with material suppliers and subcontractors; the proposed models also show how these aspects will influence and control the quality of projects. Although constrained by the limitations inherent in case-study methodology, this article consolidates the work in one particular area of supply chain management. It also succeeds in meeting two core challenges, namely to explicate the interaction between SCQM and PF, and to provide guidance to construction firms on how to deal with SCQM issues with material suppliers and subcontractors.
Journalism, Environmental Issues, and Sport Mega-Events: A Study of South Korean Media Coverage of the Mount Gariwang Development for the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games
Authors: Yoon Liv , Wilson Brian
Published: November 2018

Few studies on sport and communication consider how environmental issues are reported on—especially in non-Western media. In this article, we report findings from a study of South Korean mainstream and alternative print media coverage of the controversial development of Mount Gariwang for the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games. Our study focused on (1) how the decisions and events unfolding around the development of Mount Gariwang were portrayed in South Korean mainstream and alternative news coverage and (2) how the issues at play were politicized and/or depoliticized within and across these outlets. We found that differences in coverage of environmental issues were starkest between, on one side, conservative mainstream media and, on the other side, left-leaning mainstream and alternative media outlets. We also found that environmental controversies were variably politicized or depoliticized in differently positioned media outlets—with left leaning and alternative media highlighting concerns about Olympic-related hypocrisy and corruption, and right-leaning media usually featuring depoliticizing statements from Olympic and government elites. All media outlets highlighted questions about why viable and existing venues were not being used instead of Mount Gariwang, with economic and environmental issues being emphasized differently across outlets. We conclude with reflections on the relevance of our findings for considering links between sport, mediatization, journalism, and environmental politics and suggestions for future research in international coverage of sport- and mega-event-related environmental issues.
Safety and efficacy of non-absorbable mesh in contemporary gynaecological surgery
Authors: Izett Matthew , Kupelian Anthony , Vashisht Arvind
Published: November 2018

Mesh-augmented pelvic floor surgery evolved to address the limitations of native tissue repair in reconstructive surgery. The development of the synthetic mid-urethral tape signalled a revolution in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence, whilst the use of mesh in abdominal apical prolapse repair may confer benefits over native tissue alternatives. However, these procedures can be associated with mesh-specific complications, underlining the need for shared decision-making between physicians and patients prior to mesh surgery.

Transvaginal non-absorbable mesh implants for pelvic organ prolapse are associated with a high risk of serious adverse events, leading to withdrawal or restricted use in many countries. Increased scrutiny has led to growing concerns about complications associated with all types of mesh-augmented reconstructive surgery, attracting widespread media attention.

National and international reports have been commissioned examining the safety and efficacy of mesh surgery in gynaecology. They have all highlighted systemic failures in the development, regulation and clinical adoption of medical devices. The widespread application of novel devices prior to the availability of reliable safety and efficacy data, and delayed recognition of adverse events, is of serious concern. Notwithstanding, the available data continue to support a role for mesh augmentation. This review outlines the evolution of gynaecological mesh, the safety and efficacy of pelvic floor surgery using non-absorbable mesh materials, and an overview of specific complications.
Do wearable alcohol-based handrub dispensers increase hand hygiene compliance? - a mixed-methods study
Authors: Keller Jonas , Wolfensberger Aline , Clack Lauren , Kuster Stefan P. , Dunic Mesida , Eis Doris , Flammer Yvonne , Keller Dagmar I. , Sax Hugo
Published: November 2018

Background

Hand Hygiene (HH) compliance was shown to be poor in several studies. Improving the availability of alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) is a cornerstone for increasing HH compliance.

Methods

In this study, we introduced wearable dispensers for ABHR in an Emergency Department (ED) well equipped with mounted ABHR dispensers and accompanied this single-modal intervention by a quasi-experimental mixed-method study. The study was performed in the ED of the University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland, a 950-bed tertiary teaching hospital. During a five-week baseline period and a seven-week intervention period, we observed HH compliance according to the WHO ‘Five Moments’ concept, measured ABHR consumption, and investigated perceived ABHR availability, self-reported HH compliance and knowledge of HH indications by questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent determinants for HH compliance. In addition, semi-structured interviews were conducted and thematically analyzed to assess barriers and facilitators for the use of the newly introduced dispensers.

Results

Across 811 observed HH opportunities, the HH compliance for all moments was 56% (95% confidence interval (CI), 51–62%) during baseline and 64% (CI, 59–68%) during intervention period, respectively. In the multivariable analysis adjusted for sex, profession, and WHO HH moment, there was no difference in HH compliance between baseline and intervention (adjusted Odds ratio: 1.22 (0.89–1.66), p = 0.22), No significant changes were observed in consumption and perceived availability of ABHR. During intervention, 7.5% ABHR was consumed using wearable dispensers. HCP perceived wearable dispensers as unnecessary since mounted dispensers were readily accessible. Poor ergonomic design of the wearable dispenser emerged as a main barrier, especially its lid and fastening mechanism. Interviewees identified two ideal situations for wearable dispensers, HCP who accompany patients from ED to other wards, and HCP approaching a patient from a non-patient areas in the ED such as the central working station or the meeting room.

Conclusion

The introduction of wearable dispensers did not increase observed hand hygiene compliance or ABHR consumption in an ED already well equipped with mounted dispensers. For broader acceptance and use, wearable dispensers might benefit from an optimized ergonomic design.
Understanding, identifying and managing severe dissociative disorders in general psychiatric settings
Authors: Temple Melanie J.
Published: November 2018

The severe dissociative disorders of dissociative identity disorder (DID) and dissociative disorder not otherwise specified (DDNOS) are complex, not uncommon presentations associated with severe symptoms, high rates of comorbidity, high service use compared with other psychiatric disorders, and high suicidality. They exact high personal and socioeconomic burdens and show poor response to standard treatments, with high levels of treatment attrition and ‘revolving-door’ out-patient and in-patient service use; patients are often misdiagnosed or labelled ‘untreatable’. DID and DDNOS diagnoses remain controversial, but they have been repeatedly validated internationally over the past 20 years and the disorders can be accurately identified using screening tools and structured clinical interviews. Neurobiological understanding of the disorders is increasing; findings are consistent with a trauma origin and have commonality with features seen in other trauma-related disorders. Specialist treatment that addresses the dissociative symptoms alongside their trauma origins shows promise in early evidence. Working knowledge of these disorders among non-specialist psychiatrists and psychologists in the UK remains poor, resulting in long delays before diagnosis and treatment.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

•

Understand trauma-related DID and DDNOS, in particular that they are ‘real’ and not rare disorders

•

Know when to suspect their presence in general psychiatric settings and how to assess for them

•

Understand (and help the patient to access) specialist treatments and be able to apply general approaches in the non-specialist setting

DECLARATION OF INTEREST

None.
Subclinical psychosis in adult migrants and ethnic minorities: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tortelli Andrea , Nakamura Aurélie , Suprani Federico , Schürhoff Franck , Van der Waerden Judith , Szöke Andrei , Tarricone Ilaria , Pignon Baptiste
Published: November 2018

Background

It is well established that migration and ethnic minority status are risk factors for psychotic disorders. Recent studies have aimed to determine if they are also associated with subclinical psychosis (psychotic-like experiences and schizotypal traits).

Aims

We aimed to determine to what extent migrant and ethnic minority groups are associated with higher risk of subclinical psychosis.

Method

We conducted a systematic review, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement, and examined findings by ethnicity, migrant status, outcomes of subclinical psychosis and host country. A meta-analysis was carried out with robust variance estimation where possible, to handle statistically dependent effect size estimates.

Results

We included 28 studies (19 studies on psychotic-like experiences and 9 studies on schizotypal traits) and found that ethnicity, but not migrant status, was associated with current and lifetime psychotic-like experiences. In the narrative analysis, we observed the effect of psychosocial risk factors on this association: Black ethnicity groups showed consistent increased prevalence of current and lifetime psychotic-like experiences compared with the reference population across countries.

Conclusions

More generalisable and standardised cohort studies of psychotic-like experiences and schizotypal traits in relation to migration/ethnicity are necessary to examine the effects of exposures and outcomes in different contexts, and to understand the underlying mechanisms of the association between subclinical psychosis and migrant and ethnic minority status.

Declaration of interest

None.
The zinc-finger transcription factor GLI3 is a regulator of precerebellar neuronal migration
Authors: Martinez-Chavez Erick , Scheerer Claudia , Wizenmann Andrea , Blaess Sandra
Published: November 2018

Hindbrain precerebellar neurons arise from progenitor pools at the dorsal edge of the embryonic hindbrain: the caudal rhombic lip. These neurons follow distinct migratory routes to establish nuclei that provide climbing or mossy fiber inputs to the cerebellum. Gli3, a zinc-finger transcription factor in the Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway, is an important regulator of dorsal brain development. We demonstrate that in Gli3-null mutant mice, disrupted neuronal migratory streams lead to a disorganization of precerebellar nuclei. Precerebellar progenitors are properly established in Gli3-null embryos and, using conditional gene inactivation, we provide evidence that Gli3 does not play a cell-autonomous role in migrating precerebellar neurons. Thus, GLI3 likely regulates the development of other hindbrain structures, such as non-precerebellar nuclei or cranial ganglia and their respective projections, which may in turn influence precerebellar migration. Although the organization of non-precerebellar hindbrain nuclei appears to be largely unaffected in absence of Gli3, trigeminal ganglia and their central descending tracts are disrupted. We show that rostrally migrating precerebellar neurons are normally in close contact with these tracts, but are detached in Gli3-null embryos.
Autoimmune hypoglycemia
Authors: Yukina Marina Y. , Davtyan Diana A. , Troshina Ekaterina A. , Nuralieva Nurana F.
Published: November 2018

Autoimmune hypoglycemia is a condition caused by the interaction of endogenous antibodies to insulin or the insulin receptor. Awareness of autoimmune hypoglycemia is important, since the syndrome can cause severe neuroglycopenic symptoms, and should be considered in differential diagnosis of hypoglycemic syndromes. Timely establishment of the correct diagnosis will help to avoid unnecessary surgical interventions in patients who can be successfully treated with conservative support.
Gallstone disease as a clinical marker of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Svistunov Andrey A. , Osadchuk Miсhail A. , Kireeva Natalia V. , Osadchuk Alexey M.
Published: November 2018

The prevalence of cholelithiasis, its close pathogenetic connection with metabolic syndrome, high frequency of surgical intervention, significant economic losses put forward this comorbid pathology in a number of leading problems of modern clinical medicine. The factors associated with the metabolic syndrome not only increase the risk of developing cholelithiasis, but also form the basis of non-drug and drug therapy. Metabolic syndrome often determines the occurrence of three common and potentially life-threatening complications of cholelithiasis: acute cholecystitis, acute cholangitis and biliary pancreatitis. Therefore, the solution of this problem is associated with the need for early detection of additional risk factors for cholelithiasis, optimization of the early diagnostic and prognostic model of existing multi-organ pathology with the aim of reducing the progression of the disease and its complications. The data obtained in recent years on the human genome with metabolic syndrome and cholelithiasis make it possible to predict the development of comorbid pathology and to fully ensure the effectiveness of primary prevention.
Diagnosis and treatment of endocrinological complications of immunotherapy of oncological diseases
Authors: Pigarova Ekaterina A. , Dzeranova Larisa K. , Nuralieva Nurana F. , Mel`nichenko Galina A.
Published: November 2018

In this lecture, we discuss in detail the endocrinopathies associated with the use of immune-checkpoint inhibitors in oncology. The cases, terms and features of clinical manifestations of endocrine-related immune reactions are discussed, and practical recommendations for the treatment of patients are proposed.
Description of clinical portraits of patients with hyperprolactinemia
Authors: Dzeranova Larisa K. , Fedorova Natalya S. , Vorotnikova Svetlana Yu. , Pigarova Ekaterina A.
Published: November 2018

Hyperprolactinemia is one of the most common endocrine diseases in the practice of different specialists. Interdisciplinary approach and unified principles of patient management are extremely relevant for this pathology due to the variety of clinical forms. The article demonstrates typical clinical manifestations of hyperprolactinemic syndrome on the example of three patients and shows the different approach to management and treatment.
Iranian EFL Learners’ Realization of Condolence Speech Act: An Interlanguage Pragmatics Study
Authors: Sharif Maryam , Yarmohammadi Lotfollah , Sadighi Firooz , Yamini Mortaza , Bagheri Mohammad Sadegh
Published: November 2018

This study was an attempt to compare and contrast the realization patterns of condolence speech act in English and Persian and to examine Iranian EFL learners’ realization of this speech act in English. The study was further interested in investigating whether Iranian EFL learners’ realization of condolence speech act is associated with their level of L2 proficiency. To this end, a Discourse Completion Test (DCT) was administered to 82 undergraduate Iranian EFL students in English. The participants were divided into three levels of language proficiency (elementary level, intermediate level, and advanced level) based on their scores on the Oxford Quick Placement Test (OQPT). For baseline comparisons, the EFL learners also received the translated version of the same DCT in Persian, and the English DCT was administered to 20 native speakers (NSs) of American English. The data were analyzed based on Elwood’s (2004) coding scheme. The results revealed that English and Persian NSs and Iranian EFL learners had access to the same condolence strategies, yet they differed in the semantic formulas, content, or forms they adopted to formulize their condolence expressions. In addition, level of L2 proficiency was found to be associated with Iranian EFL learners’ realization of condolence speech act.
Portuguese and Spanish Teletandem: The Role of Mediators
Authors: Ramos Karin Adriane Henschel Pobbe , Carvalho Kelly Cristiane Henschel Pobbe de
Published: November 2018

Teletandem is a virtual context of learning languages based on principles of autonomy and reciprocity in which two peers collaborate to learn the language of each other. Usually, the interactions occur in institutional groups mediated by a professor or a graduate student. This paper aims to describe the role of a  mediator and the process of mediation in Portuguese and Spanish Teletandem. Previous studies have analyzed how the Teletandem practice in the context of very close languages, such as Portuguese and Spanish, presents some inherent specificity related to the natural possibility of certain intercommunication between the interactants (Ramos, Carvalho, & Messias, 2013; Silva-Oyama,2010). In this case, it is necessary to observe the process of mediation more closely and consider the relevance of cultural and linguistic aspects. The theoretical assumptions that guide our description and discussion are based onsociocultural theory for second language learning and assume that the learning process happens through interactions between people and the environment in a cooperative manner (Vygotsky, 1978). The methodological perspective thatanchors this study is grounded theory (Charmaz, 2006), which is based on a systematic collection of data that, after analysis, originate concepts. The reflection corroborates the fact that the development of the process depends on the involvement of the mediator in different roles and suggests that the principles of autonomy and reciprocity are directly related to the mediation process and can contribute to an effective collaborative context of language learning.
Using Metacognitive Strategies to Raise Awareness of Stress and Intonation
Authors: Peñuela Diana Carolina
Published: November 2018

Few studies have analyzed the impact of language awareness and metacognitive strategies for intelligibility in the context of English as an International Language. This qualitative action research study examined the impact of using three metacognitive strategies: overviewing, goal setting, and self-evaluating to raise adult learners’ awareness of stress and intonation at a private language center in Bogotá. Ten participants enrolled in an advanced English course showed lack of awareness of the use of suprasegmentals (stress or intonation) to communicate intelligibly in a preliminary oral interview. The implementation took three cycles. Each one lasted an hour every day for two weeks. During the first week, the participants were trained to use one metacognitive strategy. During the second week, they identified a suprasegmental feature from video or audio input. Finally, they monitored the use of such a feature through the strategy they had learnt in the first week. The data collection instruments were learning logs, recorded artifacts, and field notes. The results showed that students raised awareness in a triadic process that involves metalinguistic, learning, and self-awareness. Results may be useful to revisit the current teaching of pronunciation and to provide insights about the use of elements from the lingua franca core in the Colombian context.
Reverse mentoring and peer coaching as professional development strategies
Authors: Porras Nohora Inés , Díaz Lenys Smith , Nieves Marlen María
Published: November 2018

Presently, learning a foreign language is an essential academic requirement in several contexts, hence the importance and the need for effective teaching in this field at all educational levels starting with the first years of school. As a consequence, teaching and learning in elementary school is a key issue to success in the learner’s future language learning. However, at some public elementary schools in Colombia there are many factors that hinder this process. One of them is the fact that most of the teachers who are in charge of teaching English in elementary schools are not sufficiently trained to do this job (McNulty & Quinchía, 2007). For this reason, the aim of this study is to strengthen the pedagogical practices of the participating teachers. Guided by the theoretical foundations of peer coaching and reverse mentoring, this mixed-methods study examined strategies for professional development via results of an English test, class observations, questionnaires, focus groups, interviews, and journals. Findings show the effectiveness of the proposal in terms of the professional growth of the participants who exchanged teaching experiences and pedagogical tools within a mutual and trusting atmosphere. This helped them to enhance their knowledge about teaching a foreign language and test new teaching techniques and strategies to favor their students’ language learning.
Implementing a community-based project in an EFL rural classroom
Authors: Bolaños Saenz Francis , Florez Karol , Gomez Tatiana , Ramirez Acevedo Mary , Tello Suarez Sandra
Published: November 2018

Educational work within a social perspective has been a matter of interest and discussion of researchers and teachers whose work is framed within a pedagogy for social justice, community pedagogies, and critical literacy (Comber & Kamler, 2004). A social perspective to education requires that teachers in rural and urban contexts become socially and culturally committed to addressing the learning needs of EFL in classrooms. This article shares the outcomes of the experience of five pre-service teachers who explored a local community of a Colombian rural school with a group of 36 ninth-grade EFL students. The pre-service teachers crafted a project-based curriculum taking the community as the content that would empower the students to explore social and cultural aspects of their community while promoting their EFL learning. Data were collected during the four-month period of the pedagogical intervention through interviews, observations and students’ and teachers’ written reflections. The high school students carried out a series of tasks aimed at raising their awareness about their identity, questioning their surroundings and increasing their self-confidence while using their knowledge of English. Results suggest that a curriculum that integrates the community as content empowered students to learn and reflect upon their learning process while facilitating their participation and inquiring about their own social and cultural reality.
The impact of work passion on work performance: the moderating role of P-O fit and meaningfulness of work
Authors: Indriasari Ika , Setyorini Noni
Published: November 2018

Our study aims to analyze the impact of auditor’s work passion on their performances, with meaningfulness of work and person organization fit (PO-fit) as moderating variables.  Auditor, as a profession associated with assurance of compliance with their clients, highly requires good work passion to increase their spirit, avoid them from work saturation and improve their work quality. Therefore, our study expected that work passion positively affect work performance. Furthermore, meaningfulnes work and PO-fit were also expected to have moderating effect on the relationship of work passion on work performance. The results of regression  and moderated regression analysis (MRA) on 87 samples collected from accoutants working in public accountant firm in Java, Indonesia, suggest that work passion has a positive effect on work performance. The result also shows that meaningfulnes was supported as a moderator on the relationship between work passion and work performance. However, our prediction that PO-fit could be a moderator in the effect of work passion on job performance of auditor was not supported.
Work values of generation Y
Authors: Indriyana Faizah , Djastuti Indi
Published: November 2018

There are about 38.83% of Indonesian workforces who are include in generation Y and this is more than the number of the other generations. The rush of global markets will create a new management approach that includes the generation Y’s interest on work aspects. So, this study aims to analyze the differences of generation Y’s work values based on gender and work status. The study also explores which predictors variable that has the strongest discriminant for generation Y’s work values based on gender and works status. The number of the sample used in this research is 137 Millennial by using nonprobability sampling. This study uses discriminant analysis with the help of SPSS version 23. Independent variables in this study are intrinsic work values, extrinsic work values, social/altruistic work values, and prestige work values. The dependent variables used in this study are the gender of generation Y and work status of generation Y. Two dependent variables this study used two model of discriminant in testing the research hypothesis. The result of analysis indicates that there are significant differences between generation Y by gender and work status. Generation Y’s work values based on gender and work status have the strongest discriminator variables on extrinsic work values.
Value stock and growth stock on Indonesia stock exchange after global crisis
Authors: Rabbani Muhammad Fadhil , Muharam Harjum
Published: November 2018

This study was conducted to determine whether there are differences between the stock return of value stocks and growth stock in Indonesia before and after the world financial crisis that occurred in 2008. To investigate the difference, the stocks formed into a portfolio that is based on the 2002 calculated in 2002 and 2009 when the world financial crisis has ended. The formation of the portfolio based on stocks that have gone public before 2000 and have the complete data during the study period. For the determination of the categories of stocks used Price-to-Earnings ratio, price-to-book ratio and price-to-cash flow ratio. Shares of stock that has a very high ratio will be eliminate to avoid bias that may occur if the stocks are still included. Similarly, the stocks of which are negative because they do not meet the criteria as a value stock. Then ANOVA test conducted to determine differences in returns and Sharpe ratio on the portfolio which was formed in 2002 and in 2009. Results from this studies are not found differences in returns and Sharpe ratio on both the portfolio. This indicates that the formation of the portfolio by value stocks and growth stock can not be used as a guide to get a high return.
Coloration Characteristic and Population Genetic Analysis of Wild-Captured Giant Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon) from Aceh Timur
Authors: Indriatmoko Indriatmoko , Hedianto Dimas A. , Moria Sari Budi , Tjahjo Didik WH
Published: November 2018

Giant tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) has become a prime commodity in Indonesia which was produced by aquaculture and capture fisheries activities. Aceh Province, in this case mostly represented by Aceh Timur District, was well-known as the center of wild-captured-adult giant tiger shrimp. Several previous investigations had proved for its high-quality shrimp spawner in producing good eggs in quality and quantity under artificial spawning condition. Two main interesting points of wild giant tiger shrimp from Aceh Timur came from their coloration and population clusters. This report was aimed to provide that information pre-preliminary and highlighted quantitative information of coloration characteristic through RGB (Red Green Blue) and CIE Lab color space data analysis, as well as, 16S rDNA-PCR-RFLP genetic comparison among four population clusters in Aceh Timur Waters. The color analysis resulted in significant differences between wild-captured and pond-cultured giant tiger shrimp which produced R value 0.1524±0.0091 and 0.1268±0.0004, respectively. Total pixel analysis through L* a* b* color space has distinguished detailed differentiation between wild-captured and pond-cultured giant tiger shrimp acquired images. It is known that most of the wild-captured image pixels were concentrated in quadrant I (+a, +b) while pond-cultured in quadrant II (-a, +b) and III (-a, -b).Genotyping of represented samples from 4 population clusters, i.e. Aceh Tamiang, Langsa, Peudawa, and Julok produce 2 haplotype composite, AAA and AAB. Among 4 clusters, it was found that Julok has become the only cluster which has a different haplotype composite ratio (1:1) (D 0.0348, V 0,9501) from the others (4:1)(V 0.9504).
Potential Bacterial Symbion of Sea Urchin As a Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) Antibacterial Agent Against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia Coli Bacteria
Authors: Fofied Suzana Kristy Satriani , Sabdono Agus , Wijayanti Diah Permata
Published: November 2018

Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are pathogenic bacteria agent of many human diseases. Those bacteria infect in various levels and also been antibiotic resistants. Bacterial resistance has become a serious global problem. The purposes of this study were to isolate and identify the symbiotic bacteria of the Sea Urchin that have an antibacterial activity of the Strain Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Sea Urchin was taken from Panjang island, Jepara Indonesia at 2-3 m depth. The symbiotic bacteria were isolated from Sea Urchin by using dilution method and spread plate method. Phenotypic characteristics was observed on colony shape, color and texture of growing bacteria. While the streak method was used to purify bacterial symbion. The antibacterial activity test was performed using overlay method. The results showed that 3 out of 37 isolates have antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The BB.03.35 isolate was selected for molecular identification due to the largest inhibitory zone diameter. The sequence of this bacterium showed 97% homology and closely related to Pseudoalteromonas flavipulchra.
Decision Support System for Termination of Employment using Elimination and Choice Translation Reality Method
Authors: Mesran Mesran , Rusiana Rusiana , Sianturi Maringan
Published: November 2018

This study aims to develop a decision support system in determining employees which will be laid off. The data used in the research sourced from PT. Mitra Andal Sejati Medan in 2017. This study used the ELECTRE method to conduct an assessment of company employees. The criteria used in the research were absence (C1), appearance (C2), performance (C3), and sales volume (C4). This ELECTRE system can provide an effective decision for termination of employment based on lowest employee rank.
Identifikasi Jenis Bambu Berdasarkan Tekstur Daun dengan Metode Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix dan Gray Level Run Length Matrix
Authors: Purwandari Endina Putri , Hasibuan Rachmi Ulizah , Andreswari Desi
Published: November 2018

Bamboo species can be identified from the bamboo leaf images. This study conducted the identification of bamboo species based on leaf texture using Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and Gray Level Run Length Matrix (GLRLM) for texture feature extraction, and Euclidean distance for measure the image distance. This study used the images of bamboo species in Bengkulu province, that are bambusa Vulgaris Var Vulgaris, bambusa Multiplex, bambusa Vulgaris Var Striata, Gigantochloa Robusta, Gigantochloa Schortrchinii, Gigantochloa Serik, Schizostachyum Brachycladum, and Dendrocalamus Asper. The bamboo application was built using Matlab. The accuracy of the application was 100% for bamboo leaf test images captured using a smartphone camera and 81.25% for test images downloaded from the Internet.
The effects of metaphorical frames on attitudes: The Euro crisis as war or disease?
Authors: Joris Willem , d’Haenens Leen , Gorp Baldwin Van
Published: November 2018

Previous research has identified the frames and metaphors used in the reporting on the Euro crisis. War and disease turned out to be the two most frequently used metaphorical frames. Since coverage of the current financial crisis may have a tangible effect on public opinion, research into the effects of metaphorical frames on attitudes is needed. By employing two survey experiments, a student sample (N = 259) and a nonstudent sample (N = 507), this article traces the effects of both metaphorical frames. Our results show that individuals take over the metaphorical frame elements in their evaluation of the Euro crisis. Participants in the war conditions significantly more often referred to war when answering the open questions. Alternatively, when the Euro crisis was framed as a disease, participants were more likely to use words and sentences containing disease frame elements.
What narrative is
Authors: Speidel Klaus
Published: November 2018

Unacknowledged by its practitioners, narratology has often been revisionary rather than descriptive when categorizing narratives. This is becausedefinitions, expert judgmentandpersonal intuition, traditionally the main tools for categorization, are vulnerable to media blindness and to being theory loaded. I argue that to avoid revisionary accounts of ordinary everyday practices such as narrative or gameplay of which non-experts have a firm understanding, expert categorizations have to be tested against folk intuitions as they become apparent in ordinary language. Pictorial narrative in single pictures is introduced as a specific case of categorization dispute and an experiment laid out in which non-experts assess if different pictures tell stories. As the chosen pictures correspond to different criteria of narrative to varying degrees, the experiment also serves as an implicit test of these criteria. Its results confirm monochrony compatibilism, the position that single monochronic pictures can autonomously convey stories. While the pictures rated high in narrativity correspond to traditional criteria of narrative, I argue that the way in which these criteria are usually interpreted by narratologists is problematic because they exclude these pictures from the realm of narratives. It is argued that the way marginal phenomena are categorized is essential for a sound understanding of even the most paradigmatic objects of a domain because categorizations influence definitions and definitions ultimately guide interpretations.
Hydrothermal-to-metasomatic overprint of the neovolcanic rocks evidenced by composite apatite crystals: a case study from the Maglovec Hill, Slanské vrchy Mountains, Slovakia
Authors: Mészárosová Noemi , Skála Roman , Matoušková Šárka , Mikysek Petr , Plášil Jakub , Císařová Ivana
Published: November 2018

The apatite assemblage from Maglovec hill (Slanské vrchy Mountains near the city of Prešov) from fissures of hydrothermally altered neovolcanic rocks (andesites and related lithologies) was studied. The assemblage consists of two different morphological apatite types (apatite in cores of prismatic crystals and fibrous apatite mantling these cores). The assemblage was investigated by a multi-analytical approach to reveal its unique chemical composition and structure. Both types of apatite display zoning visible in back-scattered electron (BSE) images. Core apatite is relatively homogenous with porous rims appearing darker in the BSE images at the contact with fibrous apatite, and occasionally with darker regions along fractures. These parts are depleted in trace elements, mostly in LREE. Fibrous apatites display concentric and/or patchy zoning. Dark regions in fibrous apatite occasionally display a porous structure. In part of fibrous crystals, substitution of (CO3)2− for phosphorus is confirmed by Raman spectroscopy by the presence of a band at ~ 1071 cm−1. This method also confirmed the presence of OH in different populations in the structure of all apatite types. The three most important observed peaks are caused by vibrations of hydroxyls influenced by different adjacent anions: hydroxyl (band at ~ 3575 cm−1); fluorine (band at ~ 3535–3540 cm−1); chlorine (band at ~ 3494 cm−1). In REE-depleted parts of both apatite types, fine inclusions of monazite and rarely Th-rich silicate are observed. The acquired data suggest a hydrothermal origin of this assemblage and indicate a formation sequence of distinct apatite types. Moreover, minerals from the epidote group were identified, which have not been described from this locality before as well as vanadium-rich magnetites that form exsolution lamellae in ilmenite grains.
Miocene fan delta conglomerates in the north-western part of the Danube Basin: provenance, paleoenvironment, paleotransport and depositional mechanisms
Authors: Csibri Tamás , Rybár Samuel , Šarinová Katarína , Jamrich Michal , Sliva Ľubomír , Kováč Michal
Published: November 2018

The Blatné Depression located in the NW part of the Danube Basin represents the northernmost sub-basins of the Pannonian Basin System. Its subsidence is associated with oblique collision of the Central Western Carpathians with the European platform, followed by the back-arc basin rifting stage in the Pannonian domain. The conglomerates recognized in the Cífer-2 well document the latest Burdigalian–early Langhian deposition in fan delta lobes situated above the footwall and hanging wall of a WSW–ENE trending fault system, the activity of which preceded the opening of the late Langhian–Serravallian accommodation space with a NE–SW direction. The provenance area of the “Cífer conglomerate” was linked to the Tatric Super-unit complexes. Similar rocks crop out in the southern part of the Malé Karpaty Mts. and are also present in the pre-Cenozoic basement of the Danube Basin. Documented extensive erosion of the crystalline basement and its sedimentary cover lasted until the early/middle Miocene boundary. The “Cífer conglomerate” has distinct clast composition. The basal part consists of poorly sorted conglomerate with sub-angular clasts of metamorphic rocks. Toward the overlying strata, the clasts consist of poorly sorted conglomerates with sub-rounded to well-rounded carbonates and granitoids. The uppermost part consists of poorly sorted conglomerates with sub-rounded to rounded clasts of carbonate, granitoid and metamorphic rock. Within the studied samples a transition from clast to matrix supported conglomerates was observed.
Integrated stratigraphy of the Upper Barremian–Aptian sediments from the south-eastern Crimea
Authors: Karpuk Maria S. , Shcherbinina Ekaterina A. , Brovina Ekaterina A. , Aleksandrova Galina N. , Guzhikov Andrey Yu. , Shchepetova Elena V. , Tesakova Ekaterina M.
Published: November 2018

Previous studies made in different parts of the world have shown that Barremian–Aptian times imply many difficulties in deciphering the biostratigraphy, microfossil evolution and correlation of bioevents. In an attempt to improve our knowledge of this period in a particular area of the Tethyan realm, we present the first integrated study of microbiota (including planktonic foraminifera, calcareous nannofossils, ostracods and palynomorphs) and magnetostratigraphy of the upper Barremian–Aptian sediments from south-eastern Crimea. The nannofossils display the classical Tethyan chain of bioevents in this interval, while the planktonic foraminifera demonstrate an incomplete succession of stratigraphically important taxa. Our study enabled the recognition of a series of biostratigraphic units by means of four groups of microfossils correlated to polarity chrons. The detailed analysis of the microfossil distribution led to a biostratigraphic characterization of the Barremian/Aptian transition and brought to light an interval, which may correspond to the OAE1a.
Missionaries and written Chaoshanese
Authors: Snow Don , Nuanling Chen
Published: November 2018

From the 1870s into the 1920s, Baptist and Presbyterian missionaries in the Chaoshan region devoted a substantial amount of time and effort to creating a body of Christian texts in written forms of Chaoshanese, and also educating Chinese Christians in this written language. However, the strategies used by these two Protestant groups differed sharply, with the Baptists taking a culturally conservative approach and the Presbyterians adopting a much more radical one. This paper reconstructs the story of written Chaoshanese as used by Protestant missionaries, examining what these “written Chaoshanese” varieties consisted of, and the degree to which they differed from other written forms of Chinese. It also considers what insights this case study may contribute to our understanding of the factors that drive or retard the growth of written vernaculars.
Compliments and Compliment Responses of Singapore Chinese University Students
Authors: Cher Leng Lee
Published: November 2018

This paper examines the compliments and compliment responses of Singapore Chinese university students from naturally occurring data. Both Mainland China and Taiwan have received more attention in compliments research. Unlike China and Taiwan, Singapore is in the outer circle (Kachru 1992) of the Mandarin speaking community. Although the population of Singapore comprised of three-quarters of ethnic Chinese, Mandarin is taught in school as a second language with the medium of instruction of all other subjects being English (see Lee 2012). The different language environment and cultural bearings from the Mainland Chinese and Taiwan Chinese are reflected in this study. This study shows that unlike Taiwan college students (Wang and Tsai 2003) whose preferred compliment topic is Appearance, Singapore Chinese students prefer to compliment on Ability/Performance. Contrary to all other studies on Chinese compliment responses which show that Chinese are more modest and therefore tend to Reject compliments, this study shows that there are overall more Accept compliment responses especially between close friends. This is due to the predominant English-speaking environment in Singapore. In addition, Appreciation Token which is known to be a western response to compliments is also used more frequently by Singapore Chinese students. The linguistic features of code-switching to English and the presence of local discourse particles (from southern Chinese dialects and Malay language) are unique features of the diasporic colloquial Mandarin spoken in Singapore.
论全球华语的基础及内涵
Authors: 刁 晏斌
Published: November 2018

关于各地对华语的不同称名，大致有两种意见，一种认为是同名异实，另一种则视之为同一语言在不同言语社区的变体。对于华语本身，人们的认识有广义狭义之分，另外不同国家和地区的人的理解也不完全相同。华语有历史和现实两个基础。所谓历史基础，是指各地华语均是由大致形成于清末民初的传统国语分化发展而来的；所谓现实基础，则是指中国大陆地区的普通话，这一点可以从与基础方言的关系、普通话的国际地位、汉语国际传播的实际和海外华语的现实及发展等方面找到充分的依据。基于这一认识，文章提出一个口号：尊重历史，正视现实。另外文章还指出，观察和分析华语，应该有历史和现实两个视角，或者说华语有历时和共时两个维度。
汉语传播的国际形象问题
Authors: 李 宇明
Published: November 2018

本文讨论汉语的国际形象问题。语言形象是由语言所属国家的形象、语言的有关状况和人们有意识的塑造等因素相互作用形成的。这些因素造就了法语 “优美” 、 “文明” 的形象、英语 “国际化” 、 “现代化” 的形象, 而英语在国际应用中逐步超越法语, 表明了 “实用性” 的国际语言选择趋势。汉语现在的国际形象可概括为 “神奇、经济红利、难学”, 应在此基础上采取各种举措, 使其嬗变为 “经济红利+魅力文化” 的形象, 且要破除 “汉语难学” 的印象。一种合适的、正面的语言形象, 对于汉语的国际传播具有十分重要的意义。
新加坡华语政策与规划的硬道理
Authors: 英成 吴 , 志远 黄
Published: November 2018

双语政策长期以来是新加坡教育制度的基石。身为新加坡的开国元首，李光耀在新加坡语言政策的制定上扮演着关键性的角色，他在其回忆录和其他相关著作中的重要讲话，论述了新加坡华语政策与规划背后的硬道理。随着新加坡华族家庭常用语出现 “脱华入英” 的趋势，华语教学正面临巨大的挑战，但同时因中国崛起成为全球第二大经济体，华语教学也迎来新机遇。