bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydrodynamic pressure and effective mixing length in vegetated free-flow region
Authors: Xie Yicun , Yan Jing , Zhang Haitong , Zhao Hanqing
Published: September 2023

Submerged vegetation acts as large-scale roughness element that changes flow structure and promotes flow subdivision, thereby affecting scalar transport and energy transfer in the river. This article explores vertical distributions of both the hydrodynamic pressure P
D and effective mixing length L in vegetated free- flow region through flume experiments. Firstly, formulas have been proposed in the present study to calculate the P
D and L values by some theoretical analyses. Then, we discuss the P
D and L profiles under different vegetation density λ, submergence degree H/h
v and mean bulk velocity U
m conditions. The P
D value is positive and attains its vertical maximum around the middle position of this region, indicating that shear turbulence promotes the upwards release of the hydro pressure. The vertical variation coefficient for P
D is nearly 1.15 and independent of λ and U
m in this study. The dimensionless L value varies little in the lower part of this region and increases linearly upwards in the upper part, reflecting vertical variation of shear turbulence movement. Since the vegetation density λ and submergence H/h
v control turbulence coherent motion, the P
D and L/(h
o - h
v) values change monotonically with them in this study. The high-velocity flow accelerates turbulence waves and promotes an increase in P
D.
Development of combined hardening model for spring-back simulation of DP600 in multi-stage sheet metal forming
Authors: Yang Haibo , Chen Jiang , Hong Qing , Chen Wenliang
Published: September 2023

High strength steel DP600 is widely used in automobile industry due to its excellent mechanical property compared to conventional steel, but spring-back issue is considered to be the major challenge of DP600 in forming process, as the spring-back is triggered by the release of complicated internal stress. In multi-stage sheet metal forming, the sheet may be subject to several cycles of loading and reverse loading, Bauschinger effect greatly influence the strain stress behaviour. A well designed material model can be used to accurately predict and compensate spring-back in forming process. A combined hardening model especially designed for multi-stage forming is proposed in this paper, and the iterated compensation method could be applied by using LS-DYNA to get an optimized result. An experimental testing facility was developed for calibration of this model with cyclic tension and compression strain stress curve. The compensation method is applied in the numerical simulation of a multi-stage manufacturing process of an A-pillar, the result demonstrates the feasibility of the combined hardening model.
Stabilization of the coupled ODE-linearized KdV system
Authors: Yang Y H , Zhou Z C
Published: September 2023

This paper considers the exponential stabilization of coupled ordinary differential equation (ODE)-linearized Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation system coupled at right boundary point with left boundary control. Firstly, we transfer the original system into an exponentially stable target system by backstepping transformation. Secondly, we show the existence of the kernels in forward and backward transformation. Finally, we prove the exponential stability of the closed-loop system.
Geometry optimization for long-lived particle detectors
Authors: Gorordo Thomas , Knapen Simon , Nachman Benjamin , Robinson Dean J. , Suresh Adi
Published: September 2023

The proposed designs of many auxiliary long-lived particle (LLP) detectors at the LHC
call for the instrumentation of a large surface area inside the detector volume,
in order to reliably reconstruct tracks and LLP decay vertices.
Taking the CODEX-b detector as an example,
we provide a proof-of-concept optimization analysis that demonstrates
the required instrumented surface area can be substantially reduced for many LLP models, while only marginally affecting the LLP signal efficiency.
This optimization permits a significant reduction in cost and installation time, and may also inform the installation order for modular detector elements.
We derive a branch-and-bound based optimization algorithm that permits highly computationally efficient determination of optimal detector configurations,
subject to any specified LLP vertex and track reconstruction requirements.
We outline the features of a newly-developed generalized simulation framework,
for the computation of LLP signal efficiencies across a range of LLP models and detector geometries.
A method to characterize metalenses for light collection applications
Authors: Contreras T. , Martins A. , Stanford C. , Escobar C.O. , Guenette R. , Stancari M. , Martín-Albo J. , Lawrence-Sanderson B. , Para A. , Kish A. , Kellerer F.
Published: September 2023

Metalenses and metasurfaces are promising emerging
technologies that could improve light collection in light collection
detectors, concentrating light on small area photodetectors such as
silicon photomultipliers. Here we present a detailed method to
characterize metalenses to assess their efficiency at concentrating
monochromatic light coming from a wide range of incidence angles,
not taking into account their imaging quality.
Understanding continuous wave laser-induced chemical reactions at micro- and nano-diamond-glass interface under infrared excitation
Authors: Żemojtel Piotr , Olejniczak Adam , Tomala Robert , Cichy Bartłomiej , Radosiński Łukasz , de Araujo Maia Alison Felix , Bezkrovnyi Oleksii , Stręk Wiesław
Published: September 2023

This work addresses the issue of laser-induced white light generation by nano- and micro-diamond powder and the accompanying redox processes occurring at the surface of the particles. The broadband white light is generated by near infra-red continuous wave laser (975 nm) on micro and nano-diamond powders sealed in lightbulb-like devices. It is shown that the emission from diamond samples is a highly nonlinear process with apparent saturation close to 1 W of the optical excitation power. Multiband mechanism and mixed hybridization at particle surface are further discussed as a possible origin of the white light emission. Changes in the sp2/sp3 ratio upon the laser excitation are here discussed in terms of molecular dynamics simulations. Observed surface changes related to diamond graphitization are considered further as possible pathways for chemical reactions at the interface of the glass and diamond samples. Obtained results bring relevant physical premises according to the possible mechanism responsible for the white emission from diamond-like carbon materials, its mechanisms, and an essential figure of merit considering the diverse applicability of this phenomenon in various electronic devices.
Administration of andexanet alfa for traumatic intracranial hemorrhage in the setting of massive apixaban overdose: A case report
Authors: Jenniches Daniel , Kerns Abigail F , DelBianco John , Stripp Matthew P , Philp Allan S
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Apixaban is a direct-acting oral anticoagulant that selectively inhibits factor Xa. Reversal strategies utilized to treat factor Xa inhibitor–associated bleeding include andexanet alfa, prothrombin complex ­concentrate (PCC), and activated PCC (aPCC). The optimal treatment of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage in the setting of an apixaban overdose is unknown.

This case report describes a 69-year-old female who initially presented to an emergency department at a community hospital due to a ground-level fall with traumatic intracranial hemorrhage. The patient reportedly ingested apixaban 275 mg, carvedilol 250 mg, atorvastatin 1,200 mg, and unknown amounts of amlodipine and ethanol. Anti-inhibitor coagulant complex, an aPCC, was administered approximately 3 hours after presentation. Initial thromboelastography performed approximately 4 hours after presentation showed a prolonged reaction time of 16.8 minutes. Ongoing imaging and evidence of coagulopathy prompted repeated aPCC administration to a cumulative dose of approximately 100 U/kg. The patient underwent craniotomy with hematoma evacuation. Postoperative imaging showed expansion of the existing intracranial hemorrhage and new areas of hemorrhage. Andexanet alfa was administered approximately 18 hours after presentation, followed by repeat craniotomy with evacuation of the hematoma. No further expansion of the intracranial hemorrhage was observed, and the reaction time on thromboelastography was normalized at 6.3 minutes.

Conclusion

This case suggests that andexanet alfa may have a role in the management of traumatic hemorrhage in the setting of an acute massive apixaban overdose. Use of andexanet alfa, PCC, and aPCC in this context requires further research.
Recent and anticipated novel drug approvals for 2023 and 2024
Authors: Rim Matthew H , Barada Farah , Levitsky Andrew M
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Health-system pharmacists play a crucial role in monitoring the pharmaceutical pipeline to manage formularies, allocate resources, and optimize clinical programs for new therapies. This article aims to support pharmacists by sharing new and anticipated novel drug approvals.

Selected drug approvals anticipated in the 12-month period covering the second quarter of 2023 through the first quarter of 2024 are reviewed. The analysis emphasizes drugs expected to have significant clinical and financial impact in hospitals and clinics, as selected from 58 novel drugs awaiting Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval at the time of data extraction. The pipeline includes drugs with various indications, such as oncology, inflammatory conditions, and rare diseases. Key developments in oncology are highlighted along with notable advancements in treating myelofibrosis, metastatic colorectal cancer, and low-grade gliomas. Cellular and gene therapies are anticipated to emerge prominently as treatment options for severe hemophilia A and sickle cell disease. Several monoclonal antibodies targeting autoimmune diseases are awaiting FDA approval.

Conclusion

Several new novel drugs in the pipeline are intended for use in treating cancers, autoimmune conditions, and rare diseases such as sickle cell disease.
Oncologic outcomes after breast-conserving surgery with radiotherapy versus mastectomy in patients with Paget’s disease of the breast: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Goh Serene S N , Syn Nicholas L X , Lim Cheryl J E , Lee Rui En , Samuel Miny , Ng Celene W Q
Published: September 2023

Background

The conventional approach to treatment for Paget's disease of the breast has been mastectomy, but there is an increasing trend to consider breast-conserving surgery (BCS) followed by radiotherapy (RT) in these patients. This study aimed to provide an updated systematic review and meta-analysis comparing outcomes after BCS with RT versus mastectomy in the treatment of Paget’s disease of the breast.

Methods

Studies before May 2021 were included. Primary outcomes were overall survival and local recurrence. Separate analyses of Paget’s disease associated with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) were undertaken. Meta-regression was used to adjust for imbalance in the proportion of IDC among patients selected to undergo BCS versus mastectomy.

Results

Overall survival in patients with Paget's disease who underwent BCS with RT was higher than for those who underwent mastectomy with pooled mortality hazard ratio (HR) of 0.68, (95% per cent c.i. 0.45 to 1.01). Patients with Paget’s disease with DCIS had higher overall survival after BCS with or without RT versus mastectomy, with adjusted HR of 0.14 (0.10 to 0.20) and 0.28 (0.22 to 0.36), respectively. For patients with Paget’s disease and IDC, overall survival was lower for BCS with or without RT versus mastectomy, with adjusted HR of 0.84 (0.57 to 1.25) and 1.64 (1.04 to 2.58), respectively. In Paget's disease and IDC, local recurrence risk was much higher for BCS with RT, RR 26.8 (1.60 to 456) versus without RT, RR 51.8 (6.80 to 391). In patients with Paget’s disease and DCIS, risk of local recurrence versus mastectomy was lower for BCS with RT 0.72 (0.11 to 4.50) but slightly higher for BCS alone 1.38 (0.09 to 21.20).

Conclusion

BCS with RT may be a comparable treatment alternative to mastectomy for patients with Paget’s disease with DCIS, and for selected patients with Paget’s disease and IDC.
Quality Evaluation of Volatile Oil in Yanyangke Mixture (YM) Based on GC–MS Fingerprint, GC Multicomponent Quantitative Analysis and Chemical Pattern Recognition Analysis
Authors: Liang Xiaolian , Yang Zhengteng , Ma Jiabao , Wang Minggang , Zhao Fengxian , Zhou Chuhui , Feng Jiaru , Song Haimei , Chen Yong , Gui Xiongbin
Published: September 2023

Yanyangke mixture (YM) is composed of 12 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used for the treatment of patients with cough, dry throat and other diseases caused by acute or chronic pharyngitis or patients with difficulty in expectoration. With the wide application of YM in clinical practice, its quality control has attracted huge attention. Based on the multi-component characteristics of Chinese herbal medicines, it is pertinent to establish a quality evaluation system. A new idea is to adopt gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) chemical composition identification, GC–MS fingerprint, and GC content determination as a potential quality control index of the volatile oil in YM. In this study, the volatile oil of YM was extracted by steam distillation, and the chemical components of the volatile oil were analyzed by GC–MS, and 43 chemical components were identified. The fingerprint of the volatile oil from YM was established and the similarity evaluation was performed. Combined with chemometric methods, such as cluster analysis, principal component analysis and partial least squares analysis, the chemical composition differences of the volatile oil from different batches of YM were compared and the symbolic components affecting the quality of the volatile oil from different batches of YM were excavated. Finally, three components were selected as the potential active component markers of YM and the GC content determination method of these three components was established. A rapid, reasonable, and effective quality evaluation and control method of YM volatile oil was established, which provided a reference for further development and research on YM, as well as a new idea for research on other TCM prescriptions.
Long-term follow-up of atrioventricular valve function in Fontan patients: effect of atrioventricular valve surgery
Authors: Bove Thierry , Grootjans Eva , Naessens Romanie , Martens Thomas , De Wolf Daniel , Vandekerckhove Kristof , Panzer Joseph , De Groote Katya , De Backer Julie , Demulier Laurent , François Katrien
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between atrioventricular valve and ventricular function in Fontan survivors, including the effect of atrioventricular valve surgery.

METHODS

Analysis focused on transplant-free survival and the need for atrioventricular valve surgery in single ventricle patients after Fontan completion. Longitudinal echocardiographic examination of long-term valve and ventricular function was performed.

RESULTS

Fontan completion was performed in 113 patients, having a right univentricular morphology in 33.6%, a left ventricle morphology in 62.8% and ambiguous in 3.6%. Perioperative mortality was 2.7% (n = 3). Within a median follow-up of 16.3 years (interquartile range 10.6–23.6), transplant-free survival was 96.1 ± 1.9% and 90.4 ± 5.8% at 10–25 years. Twenty AV valve procedures were performed in 14 (12.4%) children, respectively, pre-Fontan (n = 10), per-Fontan (n = 8) and post-Fontan (n = 2), resulting in a cumulative incidence of AV valve surgery is 5.7 ± 2.2% and 12.3 ± 3.2% at 1–5 years. Atrio-ventricular valve function deteriorated over time [hazard ratio (HR) 1.112, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.089–1.138, P < 0.001], without difference for valve morphology (P = 0.736) or ventricular dominance (P = 0.484). AV valve dysfunction was greater in patients requiring AV valve surgery (HR 20.383, 95% CI 6.223–36.762, P < 0.001) but showed a comparable evolution since repair to those without valve surgery (HR 1.070, 95% CI 0.987–1.160, P = 0.099). Progressive time-related ventricular dysfunction was observed (HR 1.141, 95% CI 1.097–1.182, P < 0.001), significantly less in left ventricle-dominance (HR 0.927, 95% CI 0.860–0.999, P = 0.047) but more after AV valve surgery (HR 1.103, 95% CI 1.014–1.167, P = 0.022).

CONCLUSIONS

In a homogeneously treated Fontan population, 25-year transplant-free survival is encouraging. Atrio-ventricular valve surgery was necessary in 12.4%, resulting mostly in a durable valve function. However, a slow time-related decline of atrioventricular valve function as of ventricular function is worrisome, evoking a role for additional heart failure therapy.
S1-1 Whole systems approaches to the promotion of school-based physical activity
Authors:   Chair(s):, Chalkley Anna
Published: September 2023

Physical inactivity increases the risk of physical and mental ill-health and lower academic performance during childhood and is therefore a key public health priority. Whole-school approaches (WSA) are recommended as part of a system-wide approach to tackling physical inactivity. WSAs focus on aligning school policies, environments, school stakeholders and opportunities for physical activity within and beyond the school day. Yet, review-level evidence deems current WSAs ineffective due to: a lack of understanding of what constitutes a whole-school physical activity approach, programmes not considering schools as complex adaptive systems, limited multi-stakeholder input in programme design and poor use of implementation theory within programme design and delivery. Therefore, initiatives fail to overcome the systemic barriers affecting the adoption and development of new school practices. As a result, schools fail to adapt unique, context-specific policies to address environmental and stakeholder needs and are insufficient to improve children’s physical activity.

This symposium will present applied research relevant to the practice of whole systems approaches to whole school physical activity promotion in different European country contexts. In doing so, relevant work which addresses the interrelationships within and across levels of influence of the system will be presented, with the implications for practice, research and policy in the context of future challenges in this area, discussed.
S1-5 Pupil’s experiences of affordances in school-based physical programmes in Norway and Estonia
Authors: Pardali Eirini
Published: September 2023

Purpose

This study aimed to examine pupils’ experiences of the school environment and how it stimulated different physical activity behaviours at selected Norwegian and Estonian schools involved in school-based physical activity programmes.

Methods

Pupils from elementary schools (10-year-olds, n = 21) and lower-secondary schools (15-year-olds, n = 17) provided 66 photos of their school environment and participated in 9 focus group interviews. The data were reflexively thematically analysed using Gibson’s theory of affordances

Results

The findings indicate that the pupils’ physical activity behaviour was promoted and constrained by two primary factors: physical affordances of the active components (indoor/outdoor affordances, seasonal affordances) and social affordances (school rules, imaginative play, togetherness, the relationship between pupils and teachers, pupils’ choice). The 10-year-old pupils in both countries experienced their physical activity behaviour to be promoted and constrained predominantly by physical affordances, their relationship with their teachers, rules and imaginative play. For the 15-year-old pupils, the primary promoting and constraining factors were physical affordances, their relationship with their teachers, togetherness and having choice during physically active learning. Thus, the pupils considered the design of the physical and social environment within the school-based physical activity programmes to influence their physical activity behaviour.

Conclusions

It is suggested that school environments with diverse, indoor/outdoor, spacious, multifunctional and natural spaces that facilitate physical activity alongside socialisation can motivate pupils to be physically active. In addition to an emphasis on physical affordances, a focus on open, trusting and engaging relationships between teachers and pupils and the consideration of pupils’ voices within school-based physical activity programmes can promote physical activity behaviour and consequently programme sustainability.

Funding

This study was partially funded by the Increasing Physical Activity of Schoolchildren project, financed by the European Economic Area (EEA) Grants (grant 2014-2021.1.05.20-0004) under the Local Development and Poverty Reduction programme, co-financed by the Ministry of Social Affairs and self-financed by the University of Tartu. Additionally, the first author received funding for a PhD fellowship from the University of South-Eastern Norway.
S2-5 Physical Literacy in Austria: development of the Perceived Physical Literacy Questionnaire (PPLQ) for the adult population
Authors: Holler Peter , Jaunig Johannes
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Physical Literacy (PL) is a relatively new concept in Austria. However, PL research in Austria is currently centered around one research group and has focused exclusively on adults, a cohort which has been largely overlooked by the PL community so far. Recent projects included an intervention to increase PL in physically inactive adults and the development of the Perceived Physical Literacy Questionnaire (PPLQ). The PPLQ is a comprehensive but easy-to-use and easy-to-understand PL questionnaire for adults in German language. We describe the development process of this questionnaire in the following.

Methods

The process subsumes several phases with the involvement of experts to ensure high content validity. In phase 1, a PL questionnaire was taken from our previous pilot studies for further improvement. This instrument was not yet validated, but already consisted in large part of established questionnaire (subscales) for six PL domains (motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge, understanding, and physical activity behavior). In phase 2, the revised 51-item instrument was tested in an online-survey (N = 506) and a shortened version was developed using exploratory factor analyses. The remaining 31 items were inspected using cognitive interviews (phase 3) and an external comprehensibility check to ensure language level A2 (phase 4). Subsequent results belong to phase 5, in which reliability as well as factorial and convergent validity were tested in another sample of 417 adults.

Results

The assumed 31-item model revealed misfits on global and local level and was modified based on expert opinions and statistical considerations but remained with six PL dimensions. After reducing the complexity of the model, we found empirical support for a theory-compatible 24-item version. The global model-fit of the final model was acceptable with minor misfits at item level. Internal consistency (omega) and convergent validity results were satisfactory.

Conclusion

The PPLQ is the first PL assessment instrument for a broad adult population that incorporates the holistic nature of the concept. However, further studies should attempt to improve the identified minor weaknesses and apply it in different language versions. These initial results are promising for the application in research as well as practice.

Support/Funding Source

No specific funding.
S5-1 Physical literacy in different European contexts: research-based knowledge for practical applications
Authors:   Chair(s):, Singh Amika , Carl Johannes
Published: September 2023

The term and concept of physical literacy is increasing in popularity in both policy and practice and is increasingly applied in the fields such as sports, public health and education.

Physical literacy is the ability to move with competence and confidence in a variety of physical activities. Although there is widespread consensus that physical literacy has the potential to act as the basis for a lifelong active life, there is little known about how it is assessed, operationlized, and applied.

The aim of this symposium is to describe what is currently happening in the European context. Therefore, in this symposium we will bring together researchers and practitioners to discuss the asseessment, operationlization and application of the physical literacy concept across four European countries.

Presentation 1) Process of developing a physical literacy consensus statement for England (UK)

Presentation 2) Towards national monitoring of physical literacy in Denmark

Presentation 3) Application of the concept of physical literacy in the context of water: aquatic physical literacy (Belgium)

Presentation 4) Developing an individual-based advice for sports participation and physical activity in children using the concept of Physical Literacy (the Netherlands).

The discussant of the symposium who will lead the discussion after the individual presentations will ensure exchange of knowledge, expertise and experiences among audience and presenters.
S5-2 Co-creating a feasible and valid physical literacy assessment tool for children for use in both educational and community physical activity settings, within England
Authors: Morris Jade
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Physical literacy (PL) has been described as a gateway to lifelong participation in physical activity, with relevance to the education, health, and sports contexts. That said, it remains a contested term in research and practice, meaning existing PL assessment tools (PLAT) are inconsistent, with divergent ways to assess PL and the encompassing domains. Furthermore, PLATs often lack feasibility, especially when looking to gain population-level data. Therefore, we are developing a feasible and valid PLAT for children (ages 5-11) for use in both educational and community physical activity settings, within England.

Method

To develop an England-specific PLAT, the project includes four stages: (1) a review of reviews to identify existing strengths and weaknesses of existing tools, (2) identifying stakeholders’ facilitators and barriers to using a PLAT in an education and/or community sports setting, (3) co-developing a feasible PLAT through a multi-stakeholder co-creation event (researchers, practitioners, policymakers), and (4) pilot testing to assess the tools validity and feasibility.

Results

The results of the scoping review of reviews revealed very few tools exist that assess all domains of PL. Of the identified tool, where the validity and reliability of the tool were more promising, the feasibility of the tool lacked. These findings were akin to tools assessing one domain of PL. Stages 2 and 3 are currently in process. We anticipate sharing findings from the stakeholder survey, and insights from the co-creation event that will have led to a newly developed PLAT for England.

Conclusion

The co-created PLAT tool will bring together stakeholders across the education, sport, and health sector to gain consensus around the importance of assessing children’s PL in a bid to improve their physical activity levels. We anticipate the co-developed tool will provide surveillance data on children’s PL levels, which will enhance our understanding of the specific needs of children and young people to improve their PL. Thus, better targeting and tailoring support for children and young people to be physically active throughout their lives.

Support/Funding Source

The project has been externally funded by Sport England and the London Marathon Group.
S5-3 Towards national monitoring of physical literacy in Denmark
Authors: Elsborg Peter , Melby Paulina S , Kurtzhals Mette Lindholm , Ryom Knud , Nielsen Glen , Bentsen Peter
Published: September 2023

Purpose & Method

This presentation will focus on the Danish context and will present how physical literacy (PL) is culturally different in Denmark, illustrated by describing how a translation and context adaptation process of the Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy (CAPL-2) led to the development of ‘MyPL’ – a video-assisted questionnaire that assesses Danish children’s PL self-reported. Primary focus will be on how this questionnaire has been the first step towards national monitoring of the Danish population’s PL.

Results

During the developmental process of MyPL, researchers from two different Danish universities initiated a collaboration with the Danish Institute of Sport Analysis, resulting in the inclusion of a version of MyPL in their representative survey covering the Danish population’s sport and exercise habits and thus providing a unique opportunity to monitor the population’s PL levels over time.

Conclusions

The results from this survey will contribute to our understanding of PL in Denmark and further provide valuable insights into how PL levels in the Danish population, most efficiently, is monitored. This presentation will argue for the potentials of a national monitoring of PL and provide valuable insights into the Danish context and the status of PL amongst the Danish population.
S5-4 Aquatic literacy for a lifelong safe and fun engagement in aquatic activities
Authors: de Martelaer Kristine
Published: September 2023

Development

Aquatic literacy (AL), emerging from the broader concept of physical literacy and translated to the aquatic environment, comes close to the concept of water competence. Water competence is described as a broad spectrum of competencies required to effectively help to prevent drowning by integrating the physical competencies with the cognitive and affective. Dudley (2019) explains the learning’ in aquatic environments from a physical literacy perspective, describing four dimensions: psychomotor, cognitive, affective, and social aspects. In aquatic literacy special attention is given to positive motivation to engage in aquatic recreation, considering the degree to which individuals have been privileged or restrained for different aquatic activities in a variety of contexts.

The European project “Aquatic literacy for all Children” or ALFAC aims to improve the quality of aquatic education, in order to prepare them to take part in wide range of water sports while at the same time protect children from the dangers looking for balanced ‘challenges’.

Implementation

Developing children's aquatic skills, motivation, enjoyment, engagement, and confidence will be studied in seven European countries. The target group consists of elementary school children.

An international database, enabling situating the level of children on the basis of reference values is a valuable tool for pedagogues, researchers and institutional actors whose aim is to improve swimming education systems.

Evaluation & Dissemination

The objective of building a standardized set of tests and a common evaluation will allow to build the foundations of a transnational work that will have repercussions on the national plans of aquatic recreation in general and school swimming in particular. The three elements of the Personal Assets Framework are inspiring for the educational approach in aquatics: (a) personal engagement in activities, (b) quality social dynamics, and (c) appropriate settings.

Conclusion

With ALFAC a pragmatic but evidence based international AL measurement tool will be created enabling to identify the most relevant areas of progress in aquatic education. It will offer educational resources proposing tasks, technical content, and educational support to help individual children and groups in their progress of AL.
S6-2 Barriers and facilitators perceived by stakeholders regarding the implementation of physical activity interventions for people aged over 50
Authors: Peels Denise , Boekhout Janet , Hut Rieteke
Published: September 2023

Aim

Although there are many proven effective physical activity (PA) interventions for middle-aged and older adults (MAOA), implementation in a real world setting is often lacking. Intermediary organizations (further referred to as ‘stakeholders’) often determine the final exposure of the intervention to the target population and therefore have a crucial role in the implementation process. This study provides insight in stakeholders’ perceptions of barriers and facilitators (i.e. implementation determinants) regarding implementation of PA interventions among MAOA.

Method

A semi-structured interview guide was developed based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), including five domains of implementation determinants, i.e.: interventions characteristics, outer setting (e.g., the target population’s needs and policies), inner setting (e.g., organizational goals ), individuals’ characteristics (e.g., stakeholders’ self-efficacy) and the implementation process. Using snowball sampling (starting with the regional health counselor) stakeholders were recruited to participate in the interviews. Thematic analyses, guided by a CFIR-based codebook, was applied.

Results

We completed 25 interviews, involving representatives of regional health counselors (n = 5), municipalities (n = 3), sportservice organizations (n = 5), welfare organizations (n = 3), and several individual organizations. Analyses showed that in all CFIR domains relevant implementation determinants were identified. Stakeholders mentioned being able to play a relevant role in the implementation of PA intervention. Collaboration between organizations is essential to successfully perform all steps needed to implement interventions. Focusing on a broader perspective than increasing PA behavior, such as stimulating positive health seemed an important facilitator when implementing PA intervention. An often mentioned barrier was that most policy plans currently focus on youth, consequently resulting in a lack of means to implement interventions for MAOA.

Conclusion

Gaining insight in the perception of stakeholders’ most relevant implementation determinants is a crucial step in the development of an effective implementation plan. In a next phase of our study, a collaboration meeting between stakeholders will be organized in which determinants will be ranked. The ranking of these determinants will be discussed with the symposium audience as well. Matching the implementation determinants, potential implementation strategies will be discussed.
S8-4 Reaching beyond competitive sports. How International Sports Federation can use their main competitions to promote physical activity. A World Athletics pilot project
Authors: Adami Paolo Emilio , Garrandes Frédéric , Bermon Stephane
Published: September 2023

Purpose

International Sports Federations (IF) are global governing bodies for each respective sport and their main duties are to organize international competitions, regulate and promote their sport. Despite their objective of promoting sports participation, their activity mostly focused on competitive/elite sports so far. International competitions not only represent the epitome of each sport but could also be used as an opportunity to improve the health of those living in the hosting city or the staff working for the local organising committee (LOC). The purpose of this pilot project was to measure the benefits of active commuting (AC) and leisure time physical activity (LTPA) of the staff involved in the World Athletics Championships Oregon22 during the two weeks of competition.

Project description

World Athletics partnered with StravaMetro□ to measure AC between official accommodation and competition venues, as well as the staff LTPA, during the Championships. Before the event, World Athletics staff was briefed on the project purposes and given information on AC options available in Eugene (pedestrian and cycling paths, bike rental). Staff members were encouraged to record their AC and LTPA through the Strava App. During the 2 weeks, a total of 18,656 walking/running trips (both AC and LTPA) were recorded in Eugene. This represents a 225.4% increase compared to the same period of the previous year. Furthermore, 2690 cycling commuting trips were recorded, representing a 143% increase.

Conclusions

This pilot project demonstrates that IF can efficiently use their main events to promote AC and LTPA to their staff and the workforce involved. Encouraging AC, improves the health of those active, reduces traffic related air pollution, road traffic, and transportation costs for the LOC. An upscaled approach adopted in the early phase of the event planning, involving spectators would amplify observed results and their health-related benefits. The post analysis by StravaMetro□ of the walking and cycling routes used by staff and spectators can also allow the host city to better define and create protected routes which represent a tangible legacy. These objectives require a strong collaboration between the IF, LOC, city government and the national institutions promoting AC and HEPA.
S9-4 Retirement as the starting point of active ageing? A mixed-methods study to identify barriers and facilitators of physical activity when retiring
Authors: Vansweevelt Nina , Boen Filip , van Uffelen Jannique , Seghers Jan
Published: September 2023

Purpose

The transition from work to retirement implies changes in daily activities and might constitute an opportunity to increase physical activity (PA). While qualitative studies reported that retirees mainly perceived increases in PA during this life transition, quantitative studies observed decreases in total PA. Moreover, changes in total PA seem to depend on socio-economic status, with mostly lower socio-economic groups decreasing their total PA. Therefore, the goal of this study is (1) to investigate subjective changes in PA during the retirement transition and the perceived determinants of these changes, including barriers and facilitators to increasing or maintaining PA; (2) to link this subjective information to device-based measurements of PA.

Methods

This study is part of a mixed-methods study with a parallel structure using quantitative and qualitative methods. In the quantitative, longitudinal part of this study (n = 93), PA is measured with accelerometers prior to retirement, and at three, six and twelve months post-retirement. In addition, one-on-one, semi-structured interviews are being conducted with a subsample six months after retirement (n = 30, stratified on gender and education, randomly selected from the total sample). Thematic analysis is used to analyse the interview data with an inductive approach. The emerged themes will be mapped on the COM-B (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behaviour) and TDF (Theoretical Domains Framework) models.

Results

The data collection is ongoing and more than half of the interviews have been conducted. Based on preliminary analyses of the first 10 interviews, it seems that most participants perceive to have more PA post-retirement, and that time is a main facilitator. Those participants who report having become less physically active were never interested in PA and/or did not value it. Moreover, some participants report having other competing activities, including grandchild-care or sedentary leisure activities. Further analyses will provide more specific conclusions and link qualitative and quantitative results.

Conclusions

The experience of retiring is highly individual and interventions should be personalized to specific target groups. This study will provide useful information on potential keys to develop effective lifestyle interventions for adults during or near the retirement transition.
S12-1 School-based interventions to promote physical activity amongst children and adolescents
Authors:   Chair(s):, Murphy Marie H , Carlin Angela
Published: September 2023

Background

Regular physical activity (PA) is associated with many benefits for physiological and mental wellbeing in children and adolescents. Despite this, many children and adolescents are failing to meet current PA guidelines. Given the age-related declines in PA as children move into adolescence, and then adulthood, the development of interventions to promote PA in this population is important. Schools have been identified as a key setting for the promotion of health-related behaviours, and young people spend a significant proportion of their waking day within the school setting.

Aim

This symposium will engage researchers, practitioners, health care professionals and policy makers to discuss novel school-based interventions. The objectives of this symposium are to: (1) Disseminate the findings of school-based interventions across a number of countries (France, Ireland, United Kingdom, Spain); (2) Highlight cross-cultural challenges in the development and evaluation of school-based interventions, and (3) Outline how co-design and Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) have been utilised in the development of school-based interventions.

Symposia presentations

 1. The effectiveness of a peer-led school-based walking intervention on adolescent girls’ physical activity: the Walking In ScHools (WISH) study. This presentation will highlight findings from the first fully powered trial to investigate the effectiveness of a peer-led brisk walking intervention in adolescent girls, including primary and secondary outcome data, and process evaluation measures.

 2. School-based physical activity promotion in a cross-cultural context: interventions from France and Spain. This presentation will highlight key learnings on how best to connect cross-cultural educational contexts for the promotion of physical activity and discuss the development of a cross-cultural intervention guide.

 3. Co-production of the Move Well, Feel Good movement behaviours intervention. This presentation will describe the feasibility evaluation of the Move Well, Feel Good intervention. The Move Well, Feel Good intervention was developed using a co-design approach, and aims to enhance children’s mental health through motor competence and psychosocial development.

 4. Physical activity trends among Second-level Active School Flag programme 2019-2021. This presentation will evaluate the impact of the Active School Flag programme and outline changes in physical activity levels over a three-year period.
O.1.1-11 Are stress symptoms associated to health-enhancing physical activity levels in university students? The case of a Belgian French-speaking university in 2022
Authors: Holmberg Emma , Mertens Caroline , Paume Juliette , Castetbon Katia
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Starting university is often associated with a decrease in physical activity and an increase in stress levels. In students, higher levels of stress have been associated with lower PA participation. During the pandemic, students’ levels of PA seem to have decreased whilst stress symptoms (SS) have increased. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA) and SS in students attending a French-speaking university in Brussels in spring 2022.

Methods

Data was collected using an online questionnaire in 1,754 voluntary students. HEPA was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and SS were assessed using the Stress single item measure. Binary logistic regressions were used to investigate how much HEPA (yes/no) was associated to SS in three categories: minimally to not at all; very stressed; and highly stressed. Models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics. All analyses were weighed to calibrate estimates to the entire university population.

Results

Among the study population (females: 59.3%), over a third of students (35.3%) were classified as HEPA active. This prevalence was the lowest amongst those who were “highly” stressed (28.8%), intermediate in those who were “very” stressed (34.0%) and the highest amongst those who were “minimally or not at all” stressed (39.6%) (p = 0.0005). After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, compared to those who were “highly” stressed, those who were “minimally or not at all” stressed were more likely to be HEPA active (aOR: 1.30; 95%CI: 1.00-1.70). There was no difference in the likelihood of being HEPA active for those who were “very” stressed (vs. highly stressed: aOR: 1.16; 95%CI: 0.87-1.56). Among the sociodemographic characteristics, sex and year of study were associated to HEPA. Females were less likely to be HEPA active compared to males (aOR: 0.38; 95%CI: 0.30-0.47), whereas undergraduate students were more likely to undertake HEPA than master’s students (1st year: aOR: 1.30; 95%CI: 1.00-1.69, 2nd-3rd year: aOR: 1.33; 95%CI: 1.03-1.72).

Conclusions

These findings indicate an association between HEPA and SS in students attending a French-speaking university in Belgium in 2022. They will enable to inform health promotion initiatives encouraging HEPA at the university.
O.1.3-6 Using a socio-ecological approach to explore healthy lifestyle in elite sport: perspectives of athletes, coaches and managers
Authors: d'Arripe-Longueville Fabienne , Chrétien Aurélia , Haffner Kevin , Hayotte Meggy , Bernier Marjorie , Vuillemin Anne
Published: September 2023

Purpose

Elite athletes are continually subjected to a range of constraints specific to high performance, and these can have a negative impact on their health. Although many studies have explored the individual factors related to risky behaviors and disorders in elite sport contexts, and have provided prevention programs, few have focused on health promotion. Consequently, the interpersonal, institutional, and policy factors of the health-related behaviors of elite athletes are still poorly explored. Based on the socioecological model of health, this study aimed to identify the factors involved in the health-related lifestyle of elite athletes.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 45 participants: athletes (N = 32; Mage=20.1, SD = 4.4), their coaches (N = 6; Mage=45.3, SD = 6.4) and managers of elite sport centers (N = 7; Mage=52.0, SD = 7.0). Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Both deductive and inductive thematic analyses were performed. This study was approved by the local Ethic Committee of the University.

Results

Our results highlight the different levels of factors related to the health-related lifestyle of elite athletes, using the socioecological model, as perceived by athletes themselves, coaches, and managers. Regarding intrapersonal factors, resilience qualities and health literacy appeared as key factors to influencing the health-related lifestyle of elite athletes. At the interpersonal level, parents and coaches were considered as the main sources of educational support. Regarding institutional factors, the health policies of the elite sport centers were key factors in supporting the athletes’ healthy lifestyle. Similarities and specificities of the views of the different actors have been identified.

Conclusion

These results show the interest of the application of the socioecological model in the elite sport domain. They encourage the development of health-promotion programs at different levels of intervention of the socioecological model, beyond traditional health prevention programs. In addition, this study suggests to consider the different perspectives of each actor to co-construct health promotion programs.