bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Acidizing Conditions on Moisture Adsorption and Desorption Properties and Misrostructure of Sepiolite
Authors: Zeng Zhi Yong , Jiang Zheng Wu
Published: October 2011

Effect of acidizing conditions such as hydrochloric acid concentration, acidizing temperature and acidizing time etc. on moisture adsorption and desorption properties of sepiolite in closed space at constant temperature was studied. Relationships between moisture adsorption and desorption properties and microstructure of treated and untreated sepiolite were discussed by means of microscopic testing methods such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM)and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). The results indicated that acidizing conditions had significant effect on moisture adsorption and desorption properties and microstructure of sepiolite in closed space. The optimum acidizing condition in this experimental program was obtained by treatment with 5 wt.% hydrochloric acid at 98 °C for 9 h. Fibers in the treated sepiolite become thinner and shorter, and carbonates in layers and pore canals were dissolved. Specific surface of sepiolite treated with the optimum acidizing condition increases from 35.64 m2/g to 84.86 m2/g ,and its average pore diameter decreases from 16.84 nm to 12.68 nm.
Modeling of Gas Adsorption Process of a Single Pellet
Authors: Liu Xiang Jun , Wang Dan Li
Published: October 2011

A commercial zeolite pellet is formed by binding large numbers of small crystals with microporous material. Its Micro-structure has great affects on the gas adsorption process. In this paper, the physical and mathematic models of the adsorption process for a single pellet are established. The N2 adsorption properties in a 5A zeolite pellet are studied. Very detailed results of intra-pellet adsorption process are obtained. The impacts of crystal size, pellet porosity, diffusion coefficient of the binding materials and crystals on the adsorption rate are studied.
Two-Scale Algorithm for Computing the Approximation of the Displacement in Periodic Perforated Structure of Composites
Authors: Deng Ming Xiang , Feng Yong Ping
Published: October 2011

By means of two-scale method, the approximation solution of the displacement for structure of composites with small periodic perforated configuration is built, and the algorithm corresponding to two-scale finite element method is presented. One new method of higher order for computing approximate solution of the displacement in periodic perforated composites is given.
Use of Concrete Wastes in Concrete Paving Blocks by Thermal-Mechanical Separation
Authors: Tian Qing Bo , Xu Li Na , Yang Li , Wang Xiu Hui , Gao Hong
Published: October 2011

A concrete paving blocks was produced using pretreated concrete wastes as main raw material by pressure forming and steam-curing at 70°C. The test results showed that with the increase of water addition, the paving blocks increase its strength. And as the additions of water amount reach to a critical value, the compressive strength has an adverse change and decreased. As the rise of ratio of cement and wastes, the compressive strength also increases. The difference in various ratios of cement and wastes is that the difference of water needed as the compressive strength achieved its highest value. The thermal treatment temperatures has greatly influence on the compressive strength. The increments of thermal-treated temperatures induce the active material to form and cause the particle grading more reasonable in the concrete wastes, which is benefit to the shaping of specimen and increasing of strength. The maximum compressive strength of 53.2 MPa is obtained in the mixture thermal-treated at 800°C by adjusting the water additions.
Influence of New Type Water Reducer Agent YC on Properties of Alkali-Activated Slag Cement Mortar
Authors: Chen Ke , Yang Chang Hui , Yu Ze Dong , Pan Qun , Zhao Shuang
Published: October 2011

Through test on influence of water reducer agent YC on properties of alkali activated slag cement mortar, it is shown that water reducer agent YC has favorable plasticizing effect on alkali activated slag cement. When the alkali component is NaOH, the water reducer agent YC gives a water reduction rate of 22.0% to the alkali activated slag cement mortar and the flow ability loss with time is small. The water reducer agent can be adsorbed on the surface of slag and enhance theξpotential of the alkali activated slag cement system.
Study on Rheological Property and Phase Separation of Modified Asphalt by Waste Crumb Rubber
Authors: Fan Liang , Zhang Yu Zhen , Ma Shi Jie
Published: October 2011

This report mainly studied rheological property and phase separation of modified asphalt by waste crumb rubber with some methods including common performance test, frequency sweep test, multiple stress creep recovery test and Cole-cole rule detection. All these experiment result shown that waste crumb rubber can upgrade apparently high temperature stability and elastic performance of modified asphalt, but modified asphalt by rubber is not a homogeneous system and has obvious phase separation state, so it is important to keep an appropriate rubber content in modified asphalt for good product stability
Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films Deposited on TiO2 Buffer Layer for Smart Thermochromic Glazing of Windows
Authors: Ma Jian Wei , Xu Gang , Miao Lei
Published: October 2011

Vanadium dioxide (VO2) films were prepared on quartz glass and TiO2-coated quartz glass substrates by reactive RF-magnetron sputtering. The VO2 thin film with film thickness of 50 nm deposited on quartz glass substrates showed two kinds of regions with different color visible to the naked eye, i.e., the earth yellow region and the cyan region. Both XRD and Raman spectroscopy showed that the different color regions of the films had the different crystallinity quality and phase composition. Whereas, the VO2 thin films with film thickness of 50 nm fabricated on TiO2-coated quartz glass (with TiO2 film thickness of 50 nm) had uniform color and exhibited a larger change in transmittance at near infrared region than the VO2 thin films deposited on quartz glass did. A TiO2 buffer layer improved the crystallinity and uniformity of the VO2 film. Such very thin VO2 films with a TiO2 buffer layer have high potential for practical application in smart thermal glazing of windows.
Application of the Hybrid System of Solar Energy and Geothermal Heat Pump in Buildings
Authors: Zhang Hua , Zhang Hui
Published: October 2011

The hybrid system of solar energy and geothermal heat pump (GHP) can put the advantages of the two renewable energy sources together and make up the deficiencies of each other. The concept and the development of the hybrid system are introduced; the work principle and the operational mode of the system are analyzed. Through the introduction of two instances, this paper analyzes the way of the system in buildings and the saving potential applying the hybrid system.
Analysis on Life Cycle Cost and Economic Benefits of Self-Thermal Insulation System of Three Different External Walls in Changsha in China
Authors: Sha Zhen , Li Nian Ping , Wang Bai Jun , Yang Yong , Xiao Zhen Hui
Published: October 2011

The mathematical analysis model of LCC of self-thermal insulation system of external wall that is applicable to Changsha region is established by using degree days and present worth factor. And the LCC of three commonly used self-thermal insulation systems in Changsha is analyzed by using this model. Analysis results have proven that self-thermal insulation system of external wall has very significant comprehensive economic benefits compared with the wall that energy-saving measures are not taken, and it has an important practical significance to promote the development of energy-saving building in Changsha, China．
Interfacial Property of the Asphalt Concrete Pavement with Bonifiber Reinforced Overlayer
Authors: Guo Yang , Zhao Ying Hua
Published: October 2011

Fiber reinforcement as an available attempt has been proved to be effective in improving the toughness of asphalt concrete and is becoming a new method for highway maintenance. When fiber modified asphalt mixture is used as the surface course of a reconstructive pavement, the interface bonding property between top and lower layers seems to become a crucial factor in the road performance of the long lasting pavement. The primary objective of the research is to study the influence of fiber inclusions on the interfacial shear property of the pavement. With the purpose of discussing the shear strength of the interface between Bonifiber modified asphalt mixture top layer and the normal asphalt mixture layer，the laboratory shear test was developed on MTS-810. Four kinds of double-layered cylindrical specimens were made to simulate the different pavement structures. Test results show that the overlaying with Bonifiber modified asphalt mixture improves not only the general road performance but also the interface property. It is concluded that, the interface property of pavement with fiber reinforced top layer behaves much better than that with normal asphalt concrete one.
Antibacterial Zinc Diatomite
Authors: Zhen Zhi Chao , Zhang Yi He , Ji Jun Hui , Yin Yu Xia
Published: October 2011

Zinc ions were incorporated into the holes of diatomite and the antibacterial effects of the zinc diatomite was evaluated by plate counting of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). When 1wt% of the antibacterial zinc diatomite was incorporated into paint, almost all the S. aureus and E. coli on the surface were killed. This study revealed that the antibacterial capability of zinc diatomite can kill almost all of the bacteria in the diatomite holes and the surface. The preparation and microstructure of the antibacterial zinc diatomite were also studied.
Study on Hydration Mechanism of Slag Activated by Alkaline
Authors: Sun Jia Ying , Gu Xin
Published: October 2011

By measuring the heat of hydration during the hydration of water quenched slag produced by molten iron boiler water, combined with water quenching measurements, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis and electron microscopy observation and analysis, the authors argued that the type of water quenched slag is a kind of potential activity of the vitreous structure. Protective film theory (the surface layer of silicon-oxygen network) is put forward. Therefore, the slag hydration must be excited in the activator destruction of this layer of film, and this hydration process can be divided into three stages. They are: the early hydration of sodium silicate hardening; slag’s surface structural damage and the network structure dissolution and disperse in the early hydration reaction phase; the acceleration of hydration reactions and stable phase in the late.
Experimental Research on Shear Strength of Recycled Concrete Block Masonry
Authors: Zhang Feng Jian , Bai Guo Liang , Quan Zong Gang , Pan Long
Published: October 2011

Recycled concrete hollow blocks are made with recycled fine aggregates and recycled coarse aggregates, so recycled block is a kind of green environmental material and can be used for masonry structure. Shear property is one main mechanical property of recycled concrete hollow block masonry. From the shear test of masonry, the shear strength has been researched. At the same time the rule calculated results and test results are compared and analyzed, conclude the design value of shear strength in this paper. The test results show that recycled concrete block masonry has better shear strength, so it can be used for wall material.
A Study on the Construction Energy Consumption Quota
Authors: Wang Wan Ying , Yan Wen Zhou
Published: October 2011

Energy saving has become a social focus nowadays. According to the statistics, the energy consumption on construction contributes to almost one-third of that on the whole society.At the same time, constructing consumption makes up 23% of the whole energy consumption on construction. As a result, it is of great necessity to find out how to control the consructing consumption.Based on the survey concerning the current situation of constructing consumption, the eassay puts up with the methods of classifying energy-consuming projects; analyses the source of construction consumption; builds a measuring model about energy consumtion in the construction phase using sub-project as research objects. In addition, referring to The unified national construction engineering foundation quota, we formulated energy consumption quota of these two sub-project respectively with an example of turkmen excavation and metal structure transportation. The research findings provide construcion enterprise with theoretical basis concerning saving energy and reducing carbon emission.
Multi-Level Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of Bridge Carbon Intensity Based on Life-Cycle Carbon Emission Model
Authors: Sun Xiao Yan , Dong Wei Wei , Wang Hai Long , Wang Jie
Published: October 2011

In order to estimate the carbon footprint of bridge during whole life cycle, a quantitative model is established in this paper. The life cycle is divided into five phases as design, manufacturing, construction, operation & maintenance and demolishing. According to energy and resource consumption, the carbon footprint of different source, such as material, transportation, construction, facility etc, is accounted according to the criterion of mass and cost. The carbon intensity index is proposed considering the feature of bridge engineering and economic cost. A multi-level assessment method is developed based on modified analytic hierarchy process and comprehensive variable weight analysis. As a case study, south lake bridge in Wuhan is analyzed, the assessment results indicate that the carbon intensity of this bridge is between small and moderate, and the carbon footprint is mainly concentrated in the phases of manufacturing and construction. The carbon footprint model and carbon intensity index assessment method which combine environmental impact together with economic cost, are of high applicability in real bridge project, and could be used as a reference for bridge management section to assess the life cycle environmental impact.
Pollutant and Sediment Transport Caused by Turbulent Diffusion in Rivers and Estuaries
Authors: Shiono Koji
Published: October 2011

Solute (pollutant) and sediment transports directly relate to controlling water quality in water environment (e.g. river, estuary and reservoir). An understanding of turbulent diffusion is the key for improving water quality in rivers and estuaries. Many studies on turbulent diffusion have been carried out in open channels, compound channels and estuaries for different flow conditions in the past. This paper reviews the past research mainly carried out by the author and includes flow structures, solute concentration distributions, mixing parameters in simple open channel, compound channel, rivers and estuaries. Sediment transport rates and bedforms in meandering channel for flooding are also included.
Numerical Investigation on Added Mass of Circle Membrane Vibrating in Still Air
Authors: Zhou Yi , Li Yuan Qi , Shen Zu Yan
Published: October 2011

The added mass has significant effect on the vibration of the membrane structures, which can not be ignored during their vibration analysis. The added mass is significant and depends on the mode shape. The solution of the wave equation can derive the mode shapes of the circular membrane. The added mass of the circular membrane is investigated by Numerical analysis, both in Fluent and in the theory of dipole configuration. An existing test result is employed to verify the proposed methods.
The Performance of Tensile Properties of ETFE Membranes at Different Temperatures
Authors: Zhang Duo , Gao Xin
Published: October 2011

The tensile test specimens of ETFE (ethylene - tetrafluoroethylene copolymer) membrane have been done at 7 temperatures. It is obtained corresponding stress - strain tensile curve, tensile strength and breaking elongation. Through experiments, it is given the tensile curves at different temperatures to determine turning points on the two rigid method, which has been a turning point corresponding to the yield stress and strain; and it is given ETFE calculation of elastic modulus by tensile curve calculate the tangent modulus, secant modulus, elastic modulus of the second and third; through numerical calculation, it is measured the energy performance of ETFE membranes. The results of the experiments provide a theoretical basis of ETFE membrane to study the architecture.
Chloride Consolidation and Penetration Behavior in Harden Mortar of Gangue Added Cement
Authors: Zhang Ji Xiu , Duan Peng Xuan
Published: October 2011

This experimental research was to investigate the chloride penetration and consolidation behavior of OPC and coal gangue added cement. By comparing the results of two kinds of cement, results showed that the chloride consolidation of gangue added cement is higher than OPC. The chloride consolidation increased with more gangue added. The coal gangue is helpful to impede the chloride ingress until the added content reach 30%. The more gangue content decreased the fluid of mortar. And this increased the porosity of harden pastes. Furthermore the corrosion behavior of steel bar in OPC and G30 samples were conducted. Corrosion potential of gangue added cement moved positively comparing with OPC. These indicated that the propriety gangue content was helpful to steel bar protection.
Experiment Research on the Use of Recycled Brick Aggregate in Concrete Tiles
Authors: Li Fei , Chen Jia Long , Zhao Xin Yu , Hou Nian Song
Published: October 2011

A large number of waste brick is hard to use among undisposed construction and demolition waste. Recycled aggregate made with waste brick was used to prepare mortar for concrete tiles in the research. Flexural strength of mortar made with both natural and recycled aggregate was studied. The influences of processing control coefficients are considered as well. The experimental results show that the use of recycled brick aggregate in concrete tiles can reach the strength requirement with suitable proportion and processing.
Newly Rapid Active Prestressed Strengthening Technique of CFRP Plate and Engineering Application
Authors: Zhuo Jing , Huang Fu Wei , Wang Fu Min
Published: October 2011

The actively prestressed strengthening technique of CFRP plate is a kind of strengthening technology with great application in the future. After a comparison and conclusion of the advantages and disadvantages of various prestressed tensile techniques for CFRP plate from home and abroad, based on the WSGG anchor, this paper puts forward the hinged anchor and a new technique where the hinged anchor tensions in vertical direction, the biggest characteristic of this technique is to ensure force uniformity of CFRP plate, consequently, high strength feature of CFRP plate can be fully developed. In addition, a series of improvement have been achieved, such as on-site baiting, fast clamping and rapid tensioning, etc. of CFRP plate. Hinged anchor and its prestressed tensile technique are firstly applied for the reinforced projects of Chongqing Xiaojia River Bridge and Chongqing Lianhua River Bridge, which promote rapid strengthening for the old bridges successfully.
Research on Census Methods of the Basic Information and Energy Consumption of Constructed Buildings in Xi’an
Authors: Chen Zheng , Yang Jian Ping
Published: October 2011

This article is generally based on the research on the methods of the census of the basic information and energy consumption of constructed buildings in Xi’an. And though the census we can build up a comprehensive database for launching the energy-saving work of constructed buildings in the city, and also to provide a further scientific and reasonable research on energy saving policies making, and further more to provide scientific basis for achieving the target of sustainable development.
An Analytical Expression of Motion Equations of SSI System
Authors: Li Ying , Zhang Zhi Ying
Published: October 2011

The soil-structure interaction (SSI) effect is paid more and more attention in the dynamic structural analysis and earthquake resistance protection. However, theoretical analysis of SSI effect cannot accord with engineering applications because the analysis of SSI system is too complicated to be studied with a comprehensive theoretical basis. In order to promote the accuracy of dynamic analysis of SSI system in theory, in this paper, an analytical expression of motion equations of SSI system is given based on the concept of the continuity of dynamic system. In addition, mechanical models of SSI system on the basis of the continuity of motion domains are built and the analytical expression of equations of SSI system is given.
Study on the Rock Mass Quality Influences on the Surrounding Rock Mass Stability of the Underground Cavities
Authors: Lu Shu Qiang , Xu Mo , He Zheng Wei
Published: October 2011

In this paper, taking the underground cavities of Nuozadu Hydro-electrical Power Station located in Lancang River as an example, three-dimensional finite element numerical modeling technique is used to analyze systematically the distribution features secondary stress field, displacement field and failure zone in the surrounding rock mass of the underground cavities after the excavation when the surrounding rock mass quality rank change fromⅡ to IV. The influences of rock quality on excavation effects are discussed in detail.
Pure Bending behavior of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Filled Circular Steel Tubes
Authors: Ding Fa Xing , Luo Ya Ting , Ying Xiao Yong , Lu Zhao Hui
Published: October 2011

Based on appropriate numerical constitutive model of lightweight aggregate concrete filled steel tubes (LCFST), layered method was adopted to predict the complete moment-curvature curves of LCFST composite section subjected to pure bending. A FORTRAN program for the moment-curvature curves was developed. Applying the layered method, the influences of the significant parameters, such as steel ratio, yield strength of steel and strength of lightweight aggregate concrete on the moment-curvature curves of the composite section subjected to pure bending were discussed. The practical composite flexural stiffness, ultimate moment and practical moment- curvature relationship of LCFST composite section were presented. The predicted results of both layered method and practical moment-curvature relationships of LCFST composite section are in good agreement with the test results from reference. Compared with the layered method, practical calculate method could remove the step of composite section layered and improve the calculation speed while achieving similar results.
Study on the Relation between Galloping Conductor and the Parameter of Construction and Environment
Authors: Gao Shi Zhao , Xu Guo Bin
Published: October 2011

A new method of transmission lines of static state has been proposed in this paper—A progressive approximation iteration state method; the galloping conductor of the parameter of construction and environment has been simulation analysis. The relation between galloping conductor and the parameter of construct- ion and environment has been acquired
The Study of Analysis and Measurement of the Comprehensive Water Price through Interbasin Water Transfer
Authors: Jiang Guo Hui , Xia Yan Long , Wang Dian Wu , Jiang Sen Yan , Cai Xin Qiao
Published: October 2011

The price of water in China’s current water transfer projects is usually estimated based on the amount of project investment and the operation and management fees. However, it rarely considers the affordability of the users, unavoidably resulting in the estimates of the water’s price cannot be carried out effectively. For the purpose of estimating scientific and reasonable water supply price, AHP process of comprehensive water price assessment of water transfer projects is applied. The process not only considers meeting the supplier’s price of the project’s investment recovery and project’s normal operation, but also considers the affordability of industries and residents. It then takes account of the interests of the supply and requisitioning parties and comes up with a reasonable comprehensive water price. This article is based on the example of Dahuofang water delivery projects. The estimate of comprehensive water price in 2020 is 4.00 Yuan per cubic meters and the user’s bearing water price is 5.06 Yuan per cubic meters. Notably, the comprehensive water price is lower than the affordability of users. Therefore, in the project’s life time, the comprehensive water price not only meets the request of the fiancé and repays to the loan during project operation period, but also meet the affordability of the users.
Traffic Regularity Evaluation for Elevator Vertical Traffic System
Authors: Yang Zhen Shan
Published: October 2011

To evaluate the regularity strength of elevator traffic (RSET) is the prerequisites to efficiently design scheduling strategies of elevator group control system (EGCS). In view of the characteristics of the uncertainty of elevator traffic, a quantitative method to evaluate RSET is proposed by estimating the confidence interval of 5min passenger arrival rate on observed data, which provides important support for forecasting elevator traffic and adjusting elevator group scheduling strategies. Simulation results of an applied example show the validity of the proposed method.
Research on the Spatial Effect of Double Row Piles Structure System in Deep Foundation
Authors: Li Li Jun , Liang Ren Wang
Published: October 2011

The synergism of the row - ring beam has the important influence to the deep hole excavated for building foundation supports and protections structure's deformation and the internal force, this paper focuses on analysis of its mechanism and theoretical model. Combined with engineering practice, using FIAC simulation analysis the internal force of double piles whether under the grid condition of the ring beam's effect, draws some meaningful conclusions.
The Construction of Xi'an Urban Overall Water Environment
Authors: Yu Dong
Published: October 2011

The natural features and patterns of "Eight water Chang'an" is one of important symbols of the Tang Dynasty Culture,This paper discusses from the urban planning level the necessity of constructing the " Chang'an eight water" and its basic principles and methods, explores ways and means to achieve the objective from two levels of the long-term planning strategy and the gradual implementation.The paper propose in the course of restoration "Chang'an eight water" urban landscape basal, an overall planning must be developed from the perspective of urban water environment to change the linear metabolic pattern, and to construct the urban water system recirculating network.With the existing situation of urban water environment, trying to solve on-site problems of urban rain, sewage purification from the self-circulation. Considering the integrated relations among urban water catchment, water storage, water diversion projects and making them penetration with each other, from the point to surface progressively recovering the city "metabolic function" as a basic ecological node to improve the urban living environment.
Reliability Evaluation and Study of Static and Dynamic Load Tests of Long Span Continuous Bridge with Variable Section
Authors: Tan Sui , Yu Zhi Wu , Zhang Hua Shuai
Published: October 2011

The reliability evaluation for the bridge in service can provide a scientific basis for decision-making in bridge repair and reinforcement. A comprehensive method for reliability evaluation was introduced in this paper based on a long span continuous bridge with variable section evaluation. Appearance survey of the bridge, concrete strength and carbonization test, static test and dynamic test would be done as well as the finite element simulation model to determine the properties of the bridge for reliability evaluation. The relationship of the natural frequency stiffness evaluation method and the effective coefficient method would be established in this paper based on the test results. Based on the static and dynamic test, we classify the bridge as class 3 while the bending stiffness is good, the dynamic rigidity is a little weak, and the damping coefficient a little larger.
The Effect of Karst Cave Space Distribution on Deformation Law of Double Track Tunnel Surrounding Rock
Authors: Deng Qing Hai , Ma Feng Shan , Guo Jie , Zhang Li Ping , Yu Rui
Published: October 2011

Combined with the practical engineering of Changjiling tunnel in Guangdong highway, we analyzed the influence of different dimensions and positions of karst cave on deformation of the double track tunnel surrounding rock by FLAC3D. As the cave located above or below the left tunnel, the simulated result indicated the deformation characteristic of surrounding rock was similar. That was the Z-displacement took great part. And the displacements of the key points at the cross section of left tunnel decreased with increasing karst cave radius. But when the radius reached to a certain scale, the displacement also had enlargement trendy. On the contrary, the displacement of right tunnel′s key point increased with the increase of the cave radius, but the increased portion was minus to that of the left tunnel. When the cave located between left and right tunnel, horizontal displacement of the two tunnels surrounding rock increased and the Z-displacement decreased. And the displacement increased with the enlargement of size of karst cave. Meanwhile, deformation of the tunnel spandrel was asymmetric, that was, the displacement of tunnel closed to the caves was larger than the other.
Continuity of Urban History Context – Urban Open Space Design Strategy
Authors: Liu Bo , Liu Zong Gang , Yang Jianhui
Published: October 2011

As an increasing numbers of people move into the cities, the need of places for community in such cities is required. Urban open spaces have already take a huge part in people`s daily life. It is expected that a high quality of places can be created for people. The urban open spaces design played an important role in modern urban design and planning. Squares and plazas developed a lot in city centres. But there is a problem that it is hard to build new open spaces in the historic city centres as the spaces is very limited. The genesis of this research came from two distinct sources. First, there are a number of factors which influence urban design. The surroundings, memories and the experiences of the city for people can be defined as contexts. ‘Contexts’ constrain and inform all areas of urban design action. Second, there was a need for people to have a special pleasure from the sight of public spaces. With a focus on the urban design, the main factors presented here are the open spaces. The role and meaning of the elements that play in urban design and the ways in which they are designed, developed and detailed are the most important elements for landscape architects to research and consider. In the end of this paper, the author developed a series of general design process and some design ideas as basis of design model of urban open space for the urban history context extending.
Research on Anchor Characteristics of Anchorage Body Consideration of Bolt Corrosion
Authors: Xu Hong
Published: October 2011

First of all, parameter model of bond strength after bolt corrosion is built consideration of the own characteristics of mortar bolt anchorage; second, the whole process of mortar cover cracking is simulated by numerical method using the thinking of interface assembly in mechanical industry for reference; and at last, the results of above two are used to analysis anchor characteristics in anchorage body after bolt corrosion. The analysis result shows that before mortar cover cracking, bond stress increases with the improvement of bolt corrosion ,and the max stress can be obtained when mortar cover begin to crack and after that the bond stress begin to decrease ,the min stress is got just at the time that the mortar cover crack completely. After mortar cover cracking, the peak value of bond strength in bolt-mortar interface and mortar-rock interface will move to deeper place and the distribution of bond stress in effectively anchored length tends to be uniform in high stress level.
Cooperation Pullout Test of Double Self-Tapping Screws in Wood Structures
Authors: Shi Gang , Zhang Jian Xing , Wang Yuan Qing , Huang Hui Juan , Zhang Zheng Hong
Published: October 2011

In this paper, the experimental study on the self-tapping screw’s pullout resistance in the wood structure was conducted. Domestic ordinary screws were used together with imported or domestic wood to fabricate 6 screw connection specimens in wooden walls. Then monotonic loading tests were conducted and it can be concluded that, the common round screw connection strength mainly depends on the failure mode, the lack of cooperation effect significantly influences the strength of screw connections, and the dispersion of screw connection stiffness is high. So, to obtain formulae for the self-tapping screw connection strength and stiffness by further experimental study will be very necessary.
Study on Structural Damage Identification Based on Wavelet Analysis
Authors: Zhang Chun Ling , Liu Hai Qing
Published: October 2011

This papers deals with wavelet analysis which is as a tool for the complexity of structural damage combing the multi-scale theory and pattern recognition idea. The main subject is as follows multi-scale damage information analysis and numerical simulation and model experiments which is based on wavelet analysis for structural damage identification study. Applying wavelet transform, differential eqution of structural dynamic system are decomposed and dynamic parameters are described on different scales, the dentification of structure damage location is also spatial domain information which determines in the structural damage.
Value Analysis on the Continuity of Architectural History Context of Guanzhong Civil Residence
Authors: Tu Jun
Published: October 2011

City is the carrier of endless flow, the continuity of architectural history context constitutes the collective memory of the people of the city. In the course of history, the continuity of architectural context of Guanzhong civil residence is developed by creativity and inherited by changing. The Guanzhong civil residence preserved the trace of time, trace of cultural development; experienced the life of people; witnessed the harmony of human, human and society, human and nature. This is the core of the continuity of architectural history context.
The Research of the Phase Change Materials Enclosed by β-CD
Authors: Fu Sheng Jun , Liu Bo , Duan Wu Biao , Chang Jin
Published: October 2011

This paper demonstrates that β-CD which encloses industrialized paraffin, one of the phase change materials, is utilized to prevent the leak of the paraffin. The enthalpy of the phase change materials which are enclosed is studied by characterizing of DSC. The result shows that the enthalpy of paraffin which has been enclosed by β-CD is increased by 29%. The related research contents had not been reported in literature. This method, compared with the common encapsulation of paraffin by wall materials, like the urea formaldehyde resin, not only is a new exploration on the enclosure method and the increasing of the enthalpy of the phase change materials, but also meets the requirement of enviromental protection.
Numerical Simulation of 2D Flow in a Curved Channel
Authors: Liu Ming Qin , Liu Yu Ling , Wei Wen Li
Published: October 2011

This paper is concerned with a new numerical method of two-dimensional flow. The governing system of differential equations is transformed into an equivalent system applied over a square-grid network in order to overcome the difficulties and inaccuracies associated with the determination of characteristics near the flow boundaries. The MacCormack two-step explicit scheme with second-order accuracy is used for the solution of the transformed system of equations. The present numerical model has been used to numerically compute flow in sharply curved channel.
Experimental Study of Heating-Cooling Combined Ground Source Heat Pump System with Horizontal Ground Heat Exchanger
Authors: Hu Ying Ning , Peng Ban Jun , Hu Shan Shan , Lin Jun
Published: October 2011

A hot-water and air-conditioning (HWAC) combined ground sourse heat pump(GSHP) system with horizontal ground heat exchanger self-designed and actualized was presented in this paper. The heat transfer performance for the heat exchanger of two different pipe arrangements, three layers and four layers, respectively, was compared. It showed that the heat exchange quantity per pipe length for the pipe arrangement of three layers and four layers are 18.0 W/m and 15.0 W/m. The coefficient of performance (COP) of unit and system could remain 4.8 and 4.2 as GSHP system for heating water, and the COP of heating and cooling combination are up to 8.5 and 7.5, respectively. The power consumption of hot-water in a whole year is 9.0 kwh/t. The economy and feasibility analysis on vertical and horizontal ground heat exchanger were made, which showed that the investment cost per heat exchange quantity of horizontal ground heat exchanger is 51.4% lower than that of the vertical ground heat exchanger, but the occupied area of the former is 7 times larger than the latter's.
Research on Energy Consumption of Regional Distributed Heat Pump Energy Bus System
Authors: Wang Pei Pei , Long Wei Ding
Published: October 2011

China's rapid urbanization makes low-carbon become the pursuit of sustainable development society. In this paper, a new district cooling and heating system named regional distributed heat pump energy bus system is introduced, which can make large scale integration of renewable energy sources or untapped energy sources be used for air-conditioning. This article briefly describes the system concept, applicability, design principles, analysis of the system topological structure and outdoor pipe network heat and pressure loss. Ultimately analyze energy bus system energy consumption compared with DHC system and water supply system by examples.
LabVIEW Application for Data Acquisition System of Ejector Refrigerator
Authors: Tan Ying Ying , Chen You Ming
Published: October 2011

In order to analyze the performance of ejector refrigerator, it is necessary to collect the operation parameters of the system. In this paper, the development of data acquisition(DAQ) system for ejector refrigerator is described. It is based on the technique of visual instrument and the characteristic of ejector refrigerator, using National Instrument’s product LabVIEW. The proposed DAQ system consists of a set of sensors for measuring operating parameters of ejector refrigerator. The collected data are ﬁrst conditioned using Agilent 34970 data acquisition switch unit and then interfaced to a PC using RS232. The LabVIEW program is used to further process, display and store the collected data in the PC disk. It can realize the real-time data acquisition of temperature, water flow rate and pressure as well as data transmission, processing, and display, in addition to providing users with historic data inquire. The proposed software architecture permits the rapid system development and has the advantage of ﬂexibility and it can be easily altered for application in other refrigeration systems.
Numerical Simulation of a Novel Solar-Powered Hybrid Energy System with Cooling and Heating
Authors: Luo Hui Long , Chen Xiao , Peng Jin Hui
Published: October 2011

A novel solar-powered hybrid energy system with cooling and heating is presented, which consists of an adsorption ice maker subsystem and water heater subsystem. It can be used as an ice maker and water heater hybrid system or a single water heater respectively according to incident solar radiation intensity. A numerical model is developed to predict the performances of the hybrid energy system. Performance simulation and analysis on the hybrid energy system have been made. Simulation results show that, under the climatic conditions of daily solar radiation being about 12-20MJ/m2, the hybrid energy system can be used as an ice maker and a water heater effectively, its daily solar cooling COP (coefficient of performance) is about 0.173 - 0.181, the daily heating coefficient of performance is about 0.294-0.327.
Experimental Analysis of Dehumidification on a Special Designed Packed Bed
Authors: Cai Willie , Li Wei , Ye Lin , Hu Shan Shan , Chen Ze Min
Published: October 2011

Through the experiment on a special designed packed bed, the performances of dehumidification on this packed bed are present in this paper. By testing 3 positions inside the bed, the results are following. During the regeneration process, the average desorption rate of the tail position in this bed is 10.6 g/kg per second, which is respectively 1.93 times that of the fore position and 2.23 times that of the middle position. And for the inlet air of 23 oC, 90% and 1500m3/h, in the stable adsorption process, the adsorbent dehumidification rate of the tail position is 9.51 g/kg per second, which is respectively 2.87 times that of the fore position and 3.51 times that of the middle position. The tail position of the bed holds the best performance both in the regeneration and the adsorption.
The Hydraulic Calculation and Reformation Application of Yuhua Heating Network in Shijiazhuang Based on Graph Theory
Authors: Hu Jian Jun , Yang Hua , Sun Chun Hua , Qi Cheng Ying , Xia Guo Qiang
Published: October 2011

In heat source ability sufficient situation, Yuhua network in Shijiazhuang had some phenomenon, such as uneven heating, serious disorders, the far-end heating reliability was insufficient. Based on the basic principle of Graph theory, this article carried on the detailed hydraulic calculation to the annular pipe network, determined and implemented the reasonable transformation program, finally carried on the investigation and study test to the actual operation network after reformation. The results show that after reformation, the actual heating network runs well, improves the heating security and reliability, so the hydraulic calculation method based on Graph theory is accurate, and has certain guiding sense to other pipe networks' energy conservation reformation.
Research on Architectural Energy-Saving and Renewable Energy in China
Authors: Chen Xin Mei , Liu Mu Sen
Published: October 2011

This paper discusses the status of energy consumption and architectural energy-saving in China nowadays and describes the necessity of energy-saving, then the author analyses the problems in the energy-saving work in China and provides some solutions to the relevant problems. In the end, this paper also expounds the importance of developing and utilizing renewable energy such as solar power.
The Performance Analysis of Two-Stage Compression Refrigeration Heat Pump Cycle with Heating and Cooling Simultaneously
Authors: Liu Xiong , Jiang Qiao Qiao , Liu Ke , Qi Lin , Xing Xiao Ye
Published: October 2011

Proposed a two-stage compression refrigeration heat pump cycle, it can realize the control of refrigeration and heating capacity simultaneously and independently. Through actual cases, the performance of the new cycle with different refrigerant flow ratio, the ambient temperature, the hot water temperature, the degree of superheat and the degree of subcooling was theoretically analyzed. The influencing factor of the characteristic temperature is also studied.
Research on the Natural Ventilation Cooling Effect of Residential Building Based on the CFD and DeST Simulation
Authors: Zhao Li Hua , Qin Cui Cui
Published: October 2011

Assessing the energy saving of natural ventilation is difficult, especially for large scale naturally ventilated buildings, due to the lack of deterministic data and method. This paper presents a method, integrating simulation by both software of DeST-h and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in typical meteorological year (TMY) in Guangzhou, to evaluate quantitatively the natural ventilation cooling effect. The results showed that the cooling effect of natural ventilation was influenced by the windows and doors switching. Air conditioning operating hours reduction in the living room can reach 509h by natural ventilation during the occupied time with the windows and doors opened, which can reach 325h with the windows opened and doors closed. The cooling effect of natural ventilation was more significant in windows and doors opened case than that in windows opened and doors closed case. Annual rate of cooling loads reduction in rooms and building were 0.34~10.50% and 6.14% respectively. It is necessary to organize and design building opening to maximize the natural ventilation using.
Influence of Zeolite Dose on Eliminating Nitrogen Load of Europhia Sediment Capping with Active Barrier System (ABS)
Authors: Huang Ting Lin , Xu Jin Lan , Kang Jun Chen , Sun Dong Dong
Published: October 2011

Abstract: This study investigated to eliminate the nitrogen load of sediment from Yangzhou ancient canal capping with an active barrier system (ABS) using two kinds of zeolite with five different coverage densities. For ABS capping with zeolite F1 when the zeolite dose is low (0.21 kg/m2 and 0.62 kg/m2), it is found that ABS failed to achieve good control in preventing N release in the entrophic sediments as total nitrogen (TN) concentrations of overlying water were increased to 3.76 mg/L and 3.13 mg/L, respectively after 16 days. However, when zeolite density was increased to 1.04 kg/m2, TN concentration of overlying water decreased to 1.94 mg/L and TN removal efficiency is up to 50% after 16 days. For ABS capping with zeolite F2 TN concentration of overlying water is reported to descend in both low dose and high dose series. It is found that zeolite F2 is unfit for remediation of sediments from ancient Canal in Yangzhou because the ability in preventing release of ammonia nitrogen from sediments is weak. A possible explanation is that microorganism attaching on surface of two zeoltes differs to cause large difference of removal capacity between zeolite F1 and zeolite F2. It is found that nitrification and denitrification is the principal pathway for the former one while nitrite accumulation appears in the latter. To sum up, the capacity of eliminating TN load by zeolite F1 is stronger than that by zeolite F2, the optimum capping density of zeolite F1 is 1.04 kg/m2.
The Design of Domestic Sewage Reuse System in Urban Residence and Analysis its Energy Conservation Utility
Authors: Yang Hao Zhong , Wei Yan
Published: October 2011

Faced with the increasingly serious problems of water resources, "China's economic and social development Twelfth Five-Year Plan" proposed to promote energy saving and emission reduction, the technical transformation of domestic water, and the utilization of recycled water. According to this, the paper mainly studies the city residential sewage reuse. First it analyzes the situation of China's urban water resources and feasibility of urban residence sewage reuse. Then through investigation and study, it divides the domestic sewage into three categories: namely, high-quality sewage, medium-quality sewage, and low-quality sewage, and for different types of sewage are treated in different ways. Key part of this paper is the domestic sewage reuse system design, this design reflects the characteristics of effective use of sewage resources and reduce energy consumption, possesses the environmental utility of saving water, reducing pollution and wastewater emissions. The purpose of this paper is effective use of domestic sewage, so as to achieve the environmental and social usefulness of energy saving and emission reduction.