bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New directions in continuous training of the teachers: design and use of editable digital textbooks
Authors: IFRIM Constantin-Cătălin
Published: December 2024

The use of innovative elements in teaching (the editable digital textbook, in particular) brings numerous benefits in the educational environment, contributing to the improvement of learning process, the involvement of students and their preparation for the demands of a constantly changing world. This article presents the importance of continuous training of the teachers in the context of societal, technological and educational changes, as well as a new direction of training: design of editable digital textbooks with the educational software MDIR Constructor.
PENGARUH KEBIASAAN BEROLAHRAGA TERHADAP NILAI V02MAX PADA REMAJA
Authors: Yudiansyah Yudiansyah , Bustam Ika Guslanda
Published: December 2024

Pendahuluan: VO2max merupakan indikator kapasitas aerobik maksimal seseorang yang penting untuk menilai tingkat kebugaran kardiovaskular. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kebiasaan berolahraga terhadap nilai VO2max pada remaja. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuantitatif dengan pendekatan eksperimental dan pengukuran VO2max dilakukan menggunakan Cooper Test. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari sejumlah remaja yang dibagi ke dalam kelompok berdasarkan frekuensi dan intensitas olahraga yang mereka lakukan. Hasil: Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara kebiasaan berolahraga terhadap nilai VO2max pada remaja, dengan hasil uji ANOVA menunjukkan nilai F sebesar 19.856 dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.00 (p < 0.05). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin sering dan intens seseorang berolahraga, semakin tinggi nilai VO2max yang dicapai. Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa kebiasaan berolahraga yang rutin dan teratur secara signifikan meningkatkan kapasitas aerobik remaja, yang pada akhirnya dapat berkontribusi pada peningkatan kesehatan kardiovaskular dan kebugaran secara keseluruhan.
PENGARUH BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI SUSPENSI SEL ERITROSIT DENGAN PELARUT NACL 0,9% SIAP PAKAI DAN PELARUT NACL 0,9% GARAM DAPUR TERHADAP DERAJAT AGLUTINASI PADA PEMERIKSAAN GOLONGAN DARAH METODE TABUNG
Authors: Nurhidayanti Nurhidayanti
Published: December 2024

Pendahuluan: Pemeriksaan golongan darah ABO yaitu pemeriksaan yang dilakukan untuk menentukan jenis golongan darah pada manusia yang mendeteksi keberadaan antigen dipermukaan membran sel darah merah dengan cara metode tabung menggunakan berbagai konsentrasi suspensi sel eritrosit yaitu 5%,10% dan 15%.Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Berbagai Konsentrasi Suspensi Sel Eritrosit Dengan Pelarut  NaCl 0,9% Siap Pakai dan Pelarut  NaCl 0,9 % Garam Dapur Terhadap Derajat Aglutinasi Pada Pemeriksaan Golongan Darah Metode Tabung. Metode Penelitian : Penelitian ini merupakan Jenis penelitian Eksperimen murni dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 41 orang, penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 16-20 Januari 2023 di Laboratorium Patologi Klinik IKesT Muhammadiyah Palembang.  Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pada pemeriksaan golongan darah metode tabung dengan konsentrasi suspensi sel eritrosit yaitu 5%,  10%, 15% dengan pelarut NaCl 0.9% siap pakai dan NaCl 0.9 % Garam Dapur diperoleh hasil derajat aglutinasi sebesar +4, Hasil uji Kruskal walis pada metode Cell Grouping didapatkan 0,000 dan pada metode Serum Grouping didapatkan 0,051. Diskusi: Penelitian ini yaitu tidak terdapat pengaruh berbagai konsentrasi suspensi sel eritrosit dengan pelarut  NaCl 0,9% Siap Pakai dan Pelarut  NaCl 0,9% Garam Dapur terhadap derajat aglutinasi pemeriksaan golongan darah Metode Tabung sehingga pelarut NaCl 0,9% dari garam dapur dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif reagen NaCl 0,9% siap pakai dalam pemeriksaan golongan darah metode tabung.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN IBU DALAM PENANGANAN AWAL KEJANG DEMAM PADA BALITA
Authors: Ginanjar Marwan Riki , Ellyanti Hallya , Tirtayanti Sri
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang: Balita adalah anak usia kurang dari 5 tahun sehingga anak usia 1 sampai 5 tahun termasuk golongan ini. Kebanyakan balita memiliki resiko lebih besar terkena suatu penyakit yaitu kejang demam. Kejang demam merupakan kejang yang terjadi pada anak mengalami demam tanpa infeksi sistem saraf pusat yang terjadi lebih dari 38°C. Pengetahuan penanganan awal kejang demam sangat diperlukan untuk menangani kejang demam pada balita salah satunya dengan cara pendidikan kesehatan. Pemilihan metode chalk and talk dapat membantu ibu dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang penanganan awal kejang demam pada balita. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan metode chalk and talk terhadap pengetahuan ibu dalam penangaan awal kejang demam pada balita. Metode: Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan Pre-Eksperimental One Group Pre-Test and post-Test Design, penelitian ini telah dilakukan pada buan Agustus 2024 dengan jumlah sampel 32 responden di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Mawar Putih Mariana. Pemberian pengetahuan menggunakan metode chalk and talk, hasil pengetahuannya diukur menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil analisis menggunakan  uji paired samples t-test. Hasil: Didapatkan nilai rata-rata pengetahuan sebelum diberikan pendidikan kesehatan 9.22 dan sesudah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan 12.81 dengan nilai p-value < 0.05. Kesimpulan: Adanya pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan metode chalk and talk terhadap pengetahuan ibu dalam penanganan awal kejang demam pada balita.
Innovations in Dental Imaging for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment Planning in Canal Therapy
Authors: Ajina Manal Abdulrhaman , Algamdi Mohammad Abdulrahman , Balhaddad Nada Omer , Alfaifi Haifa Musa , Albahrani Zamzam Abdullah , Alamri Samirah Mousa
Published: December 2024

Advancements in dental imaging have dramatically transformed the field of endodontics, improving both diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes, particularly in canal therapy. Traditional two-dimensional radiography, while still widely used, is often limited in its ability to visualize complex root canal anatomies and periapical pathologies. ConeBeam Computed Tomography (CBCT) has emerged as a superior alternative, offering detailed three-dimensional views of the teeth and surrounding structures. This technology allows clinicians to detect anatomical variations, root fractures, and resorptive defects with greater precision, which is critical for effective treatment planning. In addition to CBCT, the development of intraoral scanners (IOS) has enhanced the precision of dental impressions and treatment planning. IOS technology generates real-time digital images, eliminating the need for traditional impression materials and reducing errors. By providing highly accurate 3D models of the teeth and surrounding tissues, IOS improves the planning and execution of complex root canal procedures and restorations. Artificial intelligence (AI) has also begun to play a significant role in dental imaging, offering predictive diagnostic capabilities that complement traditional methods. AI-driven systems can detect subtle pathologies and analyze imaging data to predict treatment outcomes with increased reliability. This not only enhances diagnostic accuracy but also allows for more personalized treatment approaches. Together, these innovations in dental imaging are revolutionizing endodontic therapy by offering clinicians more precise diagnostic tools and improving patient care. As these technologies continue to evolve, their integration into routine clinical practice is expected to further enhance the accuracy, efficiency, and success of endodontic treatments. The adoption of advanced imaging technologies represents a major step forward in modern dentistry, particularly in the management of complex canal systems and challenging endodontic cases.
Bacterial Aspects of Contact Lenses: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment: A Review Article
Authors: Alem Mohammed Abdulrahman
Published: December 2024

Contact lenses represent one of the common methods of vision correction. Estimates suggest that over 35 million people in the United States (US) alone use contact lenses for various reasons, such as correcting astigmatism, myopia, hyperopia, presbyopia and even cosmetic. It has been widely reported that contact lens-related microbial keratitis is the predominant cause of infectious keratitis in numerous regions, including North America, Europe, Australia, the Middle East, and the Far East. Adhesion and growth of bacteria on the surface of contact lenses have been linked to inflammation of the cornea and corneal ulcers, which are open sores on the cornea. As the cornea is the transparent front covering of the eye, a corneal ulcer can obstruct vision and lead to permanent blindness; therefore, it should be treated immediately. Understanding the bacterial aspects of contact lens use is crucial for both healthcare professionals and contact lens wearers. The aim of this research is to review and evaluate the available information in outline of bacterial keratitis related to contact lenses, including symptoms, diagnosis, along with a comprehensive overview of microbiological laboratory techniques in bacterial characteristics that can help determine the appropriate treatment for a contact lens-associated infection to prevent or reduce the need for surgery in patients with severe corneal ulcers.
THE SIYĀSAT NĀMAH (THE BOOK OF GOVERNMENT) OF NIZĀM AL-MULK ṬUSĪ
Authors: Rizvi S. Rizwan Ali
Published: December 2024

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THE CONCEPT OF QISĀS IN ISLAMIC LAW
Authors: Mohamed Mahfodz
Published: December 2024

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THE DATE OF HIJRAH
Authors: Shamsi F.A.
Published: December 2024

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THE CONCEPT OF AN ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY
Authors: Zaman S. M.
Published: December 2024

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PROBLEMS FOR ORPHANED GRANDCHILDREN IN SUCCESSION:
Authors: Rahman M. Habibur
Published: December 2024

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INFORMATION SOURCES AND SERVICES FOR ISLAMIC LITERATURE:
Authors: Rehman Sajjad Ur , Sattar Abdus
Published: December 2024

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AN EXAMINATION OF AL-ḤAJJĀJ B. YŪSUF AL-THAQAFĪ'S MAJOR POLICIES
Authors: Oseni Z. I.
Published: December 2024

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BASIC CONCEPTS OF PHYSICS IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE QURAN
Authors: Qurashi M.M.
Published: December 2024

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HUMAN RIGHTS IN ISLAM
Authors: Traer Robert
Published: December 2024

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THE EQUALITY OF MAN AND WOMAN IN ISLAM:
Authors: Agbetola Ade Shitu
Published: December 2024

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REFLECTIONS ON SOME MONUMENTS OF KASHMIR
Authors: Rahman P.I.S. Mustafizur
Published: December 2024

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LIMITED LIABILITY OF SHAREHOLDERS:
Authors: Hasanuzzaman S. M.
Published: December 2024

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GRANDFATHER VIS-Á-VIS COLLATERALS IN THE ISLAMIC LAW OF INHERITANCE
Authors: Omer A. I.
Published: December 2024

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SOME CONSIDERATIONS ON REFERENCES TO THE QUR'ĀN DURING THE 'ABBĀSID MOVEMENT
Authors: Zaman Muhammad Qasim
Published: December 2024

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Effect of preoperative respiratory rehabilitation on post operative outcomes in coronary artery bypass graft patients: a randomized clinical trail
Authors:   Allied health sciences University of Sargodha, Pakistan, Iqbal Aqsa , Shaukat Samara ,   Afro Asian Institute Affiliated With Government College University Faisalabad. Pakistan/Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Superior University Lahore Pakistan, Ullah Qarib ,   KMU Institute of Health Sciences Swat, Swat Pakistan, Murtaza Maham ,   Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University Of Lahore, Lahore Pakistan, Mazhar Kaukab ,   PT of The City, Brooklyn, New York, USA, Malik Muhammad Ali Awan ,   Pure Physiotherapy Ltd, United Kingdom., Tariq Iqbal ,   Faculty of Rehabilitation & Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University Islamabad Pakistan, Iqbal Haris ,   Mayo hospital Lahore, Pakistan.
Published: December 2024

Background: Coronary artery bypass graft, a surgical way to bypass blocked portions of coronary arteries, comes with many postoperative complications including a decline in pulmonary function. Some preoperative exercises help reduce such pulmonary complications and improve postoperative pulmonary function.

Objectives: to determine the effects of preoperative respiratory rehabilitation on post-operative pulmonary functioning in CABG patients.

Methods: a randomized clinical trial with two groups was conducted in the Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology & NIHD Rawalpindi from June 2022- July 2023. The n=86 participants included ages between 40-65 years, those undergoing elective CABG surgery for any cardiac disease, patients who covered at least 400 steps on a 6-minute walk test, patients with ejection fraction 45% or more, and those who reserved at 4th postoperative day of CABG. Group A received Pre and Postoperative Respiratory Rehabilitation. Both groups received postoperative care for 4 days. All the patients were assessed for FEV1, FVC, and their ratio (FEV1/FVC) at baseline, on the 7th day, and on the 4th postoperative day of CABG surgery

Results: the experimental group significantly improved FVC compared to the control group, with moderate improvements observed (p=0.03*) by Day 7 and substantial improvements (p<0.001) by Post Day 4. When compared, at day 7 before surgery no significant difference (p=0.07) observed but The experimental group showed more significant improvement (p=0.006**) post operative day 4. Overall, no significant difference (p<0.05) between the experimental group and the control group consistently in all assessment level of FEV₁/FVC ratio.

Conclusion: The experimental intervention demonstrated positive effects on FVC and FEV1, reflecting improved lung function, while no significant impact was observed on the FEV1/FVC ratio, suggesting that the intervention did not affect the airflow dynamics in relation to lung volume.
Keywords: Forced expiratory volume, Forced vital capacity, FEV1/FVC ratio, preoperative respiratory rehabilitation, coronary artery bypass graft surgery
ANALISIS KEHIDUPAN SOSIAL EKONOMI PETANI DALAM MENINGKATKAN TARAF HIDUP DI PT AL FATIH PORANG, INDONESIA
Authors: Saade Faisal , Saade Aminuddin , Annisa  , Ramlan  , Ariel  , R Fitriani
Published: December 2024

PT Alfatih Porang Indonesia adalah perusahaan agribisnis yang mengkhususkan diri dalam budidaya porang modern, bermitra dengan petani lokal untuk mengelola lahan. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi dampak program pemberdayaan yang dilakukan perusahaan terhadap standar hidup petani di Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang, Sulawesi Selatan. Data dikumpulkan melalui survei, wawancara, dan observasi langsung untuk mengetahui perkembangan taraf ekonomi masyarakat tani mitra dan faktor yang mempengaruhi hal tersebut di PT. Al-Fatih Porang Indonesia. Temuan menunjukkan peningkatan pendapatan dan kesejahteraan petani, serta penguatan hubungan sosial dan solidaritas. Namun, akses terhadap layanan kesehatan tetap menjadi tantangan yang harus diatasi untuk mendukung keberlanjutan dan peningkatan kualitas hidup petani. Responden terdiri dari 40 petani yang bermitra dengan PT Al-Fatih, dipilih melalui purposive sampling, dengan sebagian besar berpendidikan SMA. Rata-rata pendapatan rumah tangga meningkat dari Rp2.100.000 menjadi Rp3.400.000, yang merupakan kenaikan sebesar 61,9% setelah bergabung dengan kemitraan. Meski peningkatan pendapatan berdampak positif pada kesejahteraan petani, termasuk aspek pendidikan dan kesehatan, akses dan biaya layanan kesehatan tetap menjadi masalah signifikan. Studi ini menekankan pentingnya dukungan komprehensif untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup petani. Selain itu, studi ini menyoroti perubahan sosial positif yang dihasilkan dari program pemberdayaan, seperti pembentukan kelompok tani, peningkatan kerja sama, dan dukungan sosial, yang telah menciptakan komunitas pertanian yang lebih kohesif dan produktif.
A Study on the User Perception Analysis of Sports Wearable Using Textmining
Authors: Seo Su-Yeon
Published: December 2024

This study explored consumer perceptions of sports wearables, focusing on the growing demand for personal health monitoring. Utilizing the Textom platform, key keywords were extracted from data collected between August 2023 and July 2024. Text mining identified significant keywords, which were refined, and 50 key terms were selected for frequency analysis. The matrix file generated was used for semantic network analysis, and centrality indicators were calculated, followed by CONCOR analysis to categorize keywords into groups based on structural equivalence. The analysis revealed that Wearable, Sports, and Watch were the most frequent keywords, underscoring their importance in the sports sector. Semantic network analysis showed high centrality for these keywords, reflecting their significant role in the sports wearable ecosystem. CONCOR analysis categorized the keywords into five groups: core technology, market influence, user experience, brand impact, and performance enhancement. These findings provide valuable insights for industry development and market strategies. Academically, this study suggests further research on the convergence of wearable technology with sports, and the development of models predicting consumer preferences. Practically, it emphasizes the need for technological innovation, enhanced user experience, and strengthened brand value in product development. The study’s limitations include data scope, suggesting future research should expand data sources and integrate qualitative approaches for a deeper understanding of consumer perceptions, alongside long-term studies on wearable device impacts.
A Study on the Factors Influencing Adults’ Preference for Customized Cosmetics and Their Purchase Intention
Authors: Jeong Da-Bin , Choi Hwa-Jung
Published: December 2024

The customized cosmetics market continues to grow around the beauty and cosmetics industry in response to consumer demand for personalized content. This study was conducted to understand the awareness and preference for customized cosmetics. A total of 416 adult men and women residing in South Korea from August 2023 were surveyed for their awareness, purchase preference, and intention to recommend customized cosmetics. The collected data was statistically analyzed using SPSS ver. 25.0 for Windows. The results showed that the study participants were ‘well aware’ (13.5%) of customized cosmetics and most often learned them through ‘recommendations from acquaintances’ (39.2%). The primary purchase route was ‘online shopping’ (50.2%), the most desired product type was ‘skincare’ (71.6%), and the purchase cycle was ‘every 6 months’ (37.0%). The most influential factor for purchase was ‘personalization’ (66.8%). The preference for purchasing factors indicated that ‘quality and service’ (M=4.23) were the highest and the overall purchase preference score averaged 4.12 points. According to a comparative analysis based on general characteristics, significant differences existed in some areas by gender, region of residence, education level, and occupation. Additionally, 85.4% of the respondents expressed an intention to recommend customized cosmetics. These findings can serve as foundational data for studies aimed at promoting customized cosmetics and enhancing the industry’s competitiveness.
A Study on the Necessity of Establishing a National Technical Qualification for Master Esthetician in Korea
Authors: Kim Hyoun-Sook , Shin Kyu-Ok
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a need to establish a national technical qualification for master esthetician in Korea. As a research method, a literature review was conducted and a survey was conducted on 1,080 esthetic industry workers. The results are as follows. First, in the literature review, the number of applicants for the esthetician national technical qualification was found to be the highest in the status of applications for the craftsman exam in the beauty field from 2008 to 2023. In addition, in the analysis of the top 10 items for applications for the craftsman national technical qualification over the past five years(2019~2023), esthetician was found to be a qualification with a high application rate, ranking in the top 10 every year. Meanwhile, through an analysis of the Master hair dresser exam, it was found that out of the 8 items of the current practical test, there were 6 items related to hair dressers, but there were no items evaluating the proficiency of esthetic technics. This suggests that it is impossible for estheticians to take the master hair dresser exam, supporting the argument that the establishment of a national technical qualification for master esthetician is necessary. Second, in the survey results, 95.0% of Estheticians responded that the establishment of a esthetician position is necessary, indicating that most of them believe it is necessary. 83.7% of the respondents answered that they think that a esthetician is important in the field of esthetic, and the reason given for this was ‘development of skin care capabilities and improvement of technology’, which was the highest response at 71.8%. In response to the question about willingness to apply for the establishment of a master esthetician position, 83.9% of the respondents said that they would apply. In addition, regarding the positive impact of a master esthetician on society, they answered that ‘as a leader, master esthetician can contribute to the development of the esthetic field’ and ‘master esthetician can contribute to the globalization of K-Beauty.’ In conclusion, through the literature review and survey, it was found that esthetic industry workers think that the establishment of a national technical qualification for master esthetician is very necessary.
Ảnh hưởng của chế độ chiếu sáng đến tăng trưởng, tỷ lệ sống và khả năng chịu sốc của cá bè vẫu (Caranx ignobilis, Forsskål 1775) giai đoạn giống
Authors: Hoàng Thị Thanh , Phạm Thị Anh , Ngô Văn Mạnh
Published: December 2024

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá ảnh hưởng của các chế độ chiếu sáng khác nhau đến sinh trưởng, tỷ lệ sống và khả năng chịu sốc của cá bè vẫu (Caranx ignobilis, Forsskål 1775) giai đoạn giống. Cá được cho ăn 4 lần/ngày (7h, 10h30, 14h và 17h30). Thí nghiệm được tiến hành với 3 nghiệm thức chiếu sáng bao gồm: 12h, 18h, 24h và nghiệm thức đối chứng - chiếu sáng tự nhiên, thí nghiệm được lặp 3 lần. 1680 cá thể cá được bố trí ngẫu nhiên vào các bể composite 100L nước (thể tích nước là 70L nước). Sau 28 ngày, các mẫu cá được thu để phân tích tỷ lệ sống, tốc độ tăng trưởng, tỷ lệ dị hình, hệ số thức ăn (FCR) và khả năng chịu sốc. Kết quả cho thấy khối lượng cuối và tốc độ tăng trưởng đặc trưng có chịu ảnh hưởng của chế độ chiếu sáng. Cá bè vẫu đạt sinh trưởng tốt nhất khi ương ở chế độ chiếu sáng tự nhiên với chiều dài và khối lượng lần lượt là 63,25 ± 1,85cm và 3,51± 0,01gram, không có sự sai khác với nghiệm thức 12h nhưng có sự sai khác với hai nghiệm thức 18h và 24h. Tỷ lệ sống đạt giá trị cao nhất ở nghiệm thức 24h với 96,07%, thấp nhất ở nghiệm thức đối chứng với 85%, có sự sai khác có ý nghĩa thống kê giữa các nghiệm thức. Khả năng chịu sốc của cá bè vẫu là thấp nhất ở nghiệm thức 24h sau khi sốc nhiệt 30 phút và sốc độ mặn 10 phút. Như vậy, chế độ chiếu sáng phù hợp trong ương cá bè vẫu giai đoạn cá cá giống là 12h.
Mapping the Cybersecurity Research: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Khurana Poonam , Narula Swati , Tiwari Neelu , Kapoor Renuka , Arora Madhu
Published: December 2024

Abstract: The present study conducted a bibliometric analysis to synthesise available literature on cybersecurity. The analysis identifies prolific authors, relevant sources, affiliations, nations, trend topics, publication trends, themes, and collaboration patterns among countries.  Scopus database was searched using the keyword “cyber security” and the search resulted in 31,852 articles. After the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 733 documents were extracted in a CSV format for analysis. The Biblioshiny web tool of the R-package was used for analysis. The finding shows an exponential rise in scholarly work on cybersecurity. “Information and computer security” is identified as the most relevant source.  Chen H has published most articles and the USA leads the field in terms of publication, global citations, and collaboration with other countries. The trend topics and themes have also been listed.  The study would help readers understand the landscape of cybersecurity research, identify key contributors, and guide them in addressing the challenges posed by cyber threats.
Proximal Policy Optimization for Efficient Channel Allocation with Quality of Service (QoS) in Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: Rashmita Mahanty , Chilukuri Kalyana Chakravarthy , Kumar N Chaitanya , Idhyavathi T. V , Suneetha Regidi , Prasad V Sita Rama , Samatha Badugu
Published: December 2024

A multi-variable relationship exists in Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) where factors such as Energy efficiency, Throughput, Delay and Signal Noise Ratio (SINR) are related. The SINR shows the quality of the signal and is defined as the total power of a specific signal over the total power of an inter signal plus noise. This work proposes an effective energy and delay-efficient channel allocation strategy for CRNs (Cognitive Radio Networks) using Q-Learning and actor-criticism algorithms that maximize rewards. We also propose a Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm that uses clipping of surrogate objectives to prevent large policy changes and ensure that the other parameters remain stable over time. We study the tradeoff between rewards, energy efficiency and other parameters and compare the algorithms with respect to the same. Results show that the proposed PPO method, while using optimally increased energy consumption, significantly reduces the delay, improves the thought and reduces the packet loss ratio for efficient channel allocation. This is positive with our findings shown in the results section and by comparing the proposed method with other algorithms to identify improved throughput and channel utilization. As the simulation results indicate that the PPO algorithm has very high throughput and significantly minimizes the delay and packet loss, it is suitable for application in all sorts of services such as video, imaging or M2M. The results are also compared with two of the existing channel allocation schemes and they confirm that the proposed algorithm performs better in terms of throughput discussed in one scheme and channel efficiency in the other.
Pengukuran dan Evaluasi Produktivitas Pada Industri Kecil dan Menengah Menggunakan Pendekatan Green Productivity
Authors: Purba Ari Pranata Primisa , Ahmad Nofan Hadi , Lubis Rizki Fadhillah
Published: December 2024

This research was conducted in one of the Small and Medium Industries engaged in the agro-industry based on meat processing in Padang City by producing ready-to-eat packaged rendang, dry jerky and wet rendang. In the production process, the rendang SME produces waste in the form of solid waste and liquid waste. The purpose of this study was to determine the productivity of rendang SMEs both partially and totally using the green productivity approach so that it can be analyzed in the part that produces the potential for waste to be processed and increase the productivity of the SME. The results of this study are able to provide information on the description of the best productivity improvement strategy options, the level of productivity that has been achieved by the company, and the level of productivity resulting from the implementation of the selected strategy.
Optimasi Pemanfaatan Katalis TiO2/Karbon Aktif (Sekam Padi) Untuk Degradasi Methyl Violet Secara Sonolisis dan Fotolisis
Authors: Safni Safni , Aldini Tasya , Yefrida Yefrida , Zilfa Zilfa , Deliza Deliza
Published: December 2024

The textile industry is a major contributor to pollution, with 10-15% of dyes lost in wastewater during processing, including Methyl Violet. The degradation products of these dyes are often carcinogenic. Conventional biological treatment methods are ineffective due to the complex nature of synthetic dyes. A study aimed to develop a new photocatalytic activity using a UV A lamp and sonolysis using a sonicator. The study modified TiO2/Activated Carbon from Rice Husk as a catalyst to degrade Methyl Violet and textile industry effluent effectively, which was dual benefits as an adsorbent-photocatalyst. Results showed that the degradation by sonolysis and photolysis was 12.99% and 79.16%, respectively. The degradation by photolysis was 14.95% and 94.12%. The light and catalyst with the highest percentage of degradation were TiO2/activated carbon with UV A light of 94.12%. This study aims to develop effective treatment techniques for the textile industry's dyes.
Efektivitas Metode Fenton-TiO2-UV Terhadap Degradasi Warna dan Chemical Oxygen Demand Pada Pengolahan Palm Oil Mill Effluent
Authors: Teguh Dedi , Hanifah Windia , Cendekia Devy , Phelia Arlina , Sari Nita Pita , Adib Asraf Wa
Published: December 2024

The palm oil industry produces POME (Palm Oil Mill Effluent) liquid waste. POME is generally brownish, has an odor, and contains dissolved and suspended solids in the form of colloids and oil residue with a high Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) content. Currently, the POME processing system still uses a conventional system known as the open pond system. This research aims to reduce the burden of organic materials related to removing COD levels, and color. It can solve the technical and operational obstacles of conventional processing systems. One of the extensive efforts to process POME is to develop Fenton-based photocatalytic technology, namely the Fenton-TiO2-UV method. Photocatalytic technology has several general processes involving semiconductor photocatalysts such as TiO2 and photon (UV) energy sources. In this study, the Fenton-TiO2-UV method was used with variations in the Fenton molar ratio of 1:100, 1:200, 1:300 (v/v), reaction times of 30, 60, and 90 minutes with TiO2 concentration 0.6% and uses 2 UV lamps (15 watts). This study achieved the maximum color degradation percentage at a Fenton molar ratio of 1:100 with a reaction time of 30 minutes, namely 95.28%. Meanwhile, the maximum COD degradation percentage was achieved at a Fenton molar ratio of 1:100 with a reaction time of 90 minutes, namely 98.88%.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN DATA KARYAWAN PADA INDUSTRI FURNITUR
Authors: Kristianto Fesa Putra , Puspitaningsih Fitri Indah , Salsabila Sobrina Aisya
Published: December 2024

The rapid development of technology in the era of globalization has led to significant advancements, with information systems being one of the innovations that facilitate information management. PT. X, a manufacturing company in the furniture sector, faced specific challenges in managing personnel administration, such as data input errors and payroll delays due to the use of conventional methods like Microsoft Excel. This resulted in inefficiencies and errors that affected the company's operations. This research designed an employee data management information system at PT. X with the aim of creating an effective and efficient system to assist administrators in processing employee data. The Rapid Application Development (RAD) method was used in the development of this system. The resulting application can be used by the HR department as administrators and by employees as users. The implementation results show that the new system effectively addresses the existing issues, with significant improvements such as reducing data input errors and increasing the speed of payroll processing compared to the previous method. From the user questionnaire results, both system quality and interface design received positive feedback, and the information system can be successfully applied at PT. X.
An Analysis of Social Aspects Pale Horse Pale Rider by Anne Porter 1969
Authors: Ali Muhammad Ilham , Posumah Jenie , Wardatul Jannah Husain Sabrina
Published: December 2024

This article explains the importance of character awareness as an essential initial formation of human character. Pure character is formed from subjective birth, which is not limited to objective facts. Consciousness is the feeling of "self," the manifestation of "self," and even the equivalent of "self." Conscious activity has two characteristics: liquidity and super temporality. Consciousness is not bound by time, which is constantly flowing and related to the present, past, and future. James also believes that most consciousness is irrational and non-logical. The primary technique used to analyze this research is controlling the flow of consciousness in the novel using the principle of promiscuity. The line that influences the activity of consciousness is promiscuity. Modernism literature focuses on introspection and the most profound activities of the characters, so the author wants to know the characters' actual thoughts through all levels of the depiction of consciousness, paying attention to the subconscious and subconscious, two of which are primarily abstract and irrational.
The Implementation of Project-Based Learning in Developing 21st Century Skills in EFL Class
Authors: Sah Firman , Naura Sasikirana Herlya , Pujiani Tri
Published: December 2024

The usefulness of Project-Based Learning (PBL) in fostering the development of critical thinking, teamwork, communication, creativity, and digital literacy—all crucial 21st-century skills—is examined in this paper. Based on constructivist learning theories, such as those proposed by Lev Vygotsky and John Dewey, the study emphasizes PBL as a student-centered method that encourages experiential learning via practical projects. Through active problem-solving and teamwork, these projects help students grow in their ability to think critically and creatively. A narrative literature review was used as part of the study's approach to compile pertinent studies related to Project-based learning. The conceptual framework for the analysis concentrated on the ways in which PBL develops essential competencies, paying special emphasis to student participation, technological integration, and collaborative learning. The results show that by challenging students to apply their knowledge to solve real-world situations, PBL dramatically improves critical thinking. Additionally, it fosters creativity by supporting invention and concept experimenting. Teamwork in PBL environments fosters collaboration, an essential ability in today's businesses. PBL also helps students become better communicators since they have to explain their thoughts and provide solutions. PBL's incorporation of digital technologies improves digital literacy even further and gets pupils ready for a world where technology is everywhere. To sum up, PBL is an effective teaching strategy for cultivating 21st-century competencies. However, sufficient training for teachers, institutional backing, and fair access to digital resources are necessary for successful implementation. PBL is recommended for use by educators in order to help students become lifelong learners and better equipped for the complexity of the modern workforce.
The Effects of Animal Manure and Mycorrhiza Applications on Soil Carbon Fractions in Tilled and Non-Tilled Conditions
Authors:   Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, Türkiye, El. Ahmed Nadia A. Si. , Fentaw Kedir A. ,   Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, Türkiye, Aksahin Veysi ,   Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, Türkiye, Ortaş Ibrahim ,   Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, Türkiye
Published: December 2024

Due to long-term extensive cultivation on marginal and agriculturally suitable lands, soil organic carbon (SOC) has oxidized and released as CO₂ into the atmosphere. Furthermore, the quality of the soil and environmental safety have been further compromised by the overuse of chemical fertilizers. Despite possible trade-offs, no-till farming and the use of organic fertilizers like animal manure are advised practices to address these issues. Additionally, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enhance soil aggregation and reduce the need for chemical fertilizers. However, there is limited data on the combined impact of manure and AMF on the dynamics of soil carbon in the study area, in both tillage and non-tillage scenarios. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of tillage, animal manure, and AMF application on soil carbon fractions. The study was carried out in 2023 at the Çukurova University Agricultural Research Center, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition’s Research Farm, Adana/Türkiye. The experiment was set up with treatments consisting of two tillage (tilled and non-tilled) as the whole plot, two AMF (with and without AMF) as the sub-plot, and two fertilizers (with and without animal manure) as the sub-sub plot factors in a split-split-plot design, totally 24 plots. Plots that did not receive animal manure received the recommended amount of mineral NPK fertilizer for optimal maize growth. Animal manure at 25 t ha⁻¹ was applied in manure-treated plots. AMF inoculum was applied 50 mm under maize seeds. At harvest, soil samples were taken at 0-20 cm and 20-30 cm depths. The fractions of soil carbon (total carbon, organic, inorganic, active carbon, and particulate organic matter) were determined based on respective procedures. R computer program was used to analyze the data, and Tukey's test (p<0.05) was employed to compare means. The findings showed that tillage and AMF application did not significantly affect the soil carbon fractions. However, application of animal manure resulted in significant increases in total soil carbon (TC), organic carbon (OC), and particulate organic matter (POM). The study showed that the addition of fresh organic matter caused a quick rise in soil organic carbon fraction while the inorganic C remained unchanged. Given that the effects of tillage might take longer to become evident, further studies are necessary to validate these findings and better understand the long-term impacts of these soil management practices.
Exploring Personal Deixis in Political Discourse: An analysis of Barack Obama's Farewell Address
Authors: Kulubekova Azarabu , Naimanova Cholpon , Shermatova Aizhanyl , Khabibullaeva Nazgul , Baigaziev Daniiar
Published: December 2024

Personal deixis plays a key role in political discourse. Studying how it works and its role is relevant to current issues in political linguistics. This paper aims to analyze Barack Obama’s farewell address to understand how he used deictic expressions to convey messages of unity, democratic values, national identity, and his personal beliefs about American resilience and collective responsibility. The present study uses multiple research methods, including analysis, synthesis, interpretation, generalization, and abstraction, to explore the concept of personal deixis. The system analysis method is also used to examine the theoretical and practical aspects of political discourse. The main results of this study include identifying the characteristics of Barack Obama’s personal deixis, determining how often it is used, analyzing the purpose behind his use of personal pronouns in speech, and interpreting deixis as a key tool for engaging the audience. The study shows that in his speech, Barack Obama uses the strategy of self-presentation and effectively applies personal deixis to succeed in politics. The personal pronouns in his speech are key tools that help him connect with the audience, persuade them, and evoke the desired emotions. The findings also show that leaders use personal pronouns in political speech to create a sense of inclusion or exclusion, shaping group identity and public opinion. These results are helpful for linguists and experts studying political discourse, deixis, and strategies to influence the audience.
PERFORMANCE BASED DESIGN METHODOLOGY FOR VERIFICATION THE ROBUSTNESS OF STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS IN ACCIDENTAL DESIGN SITUATIONS. PART 1
Authors: TUR A.
Published: December 2024

Approaches to the design and/or checking of structural systems in accidental design situation included in pre-scriptive regulatory and technical documents not only do not have a single/uniform methodological basis, but in some cases establish unrelated verification criteria and safety formats. With regard to checking of structural systems in accidental design situations, the most rational approach to design can be considered based on the response/behavior (per-formance based design) of a structural system or, in other words, the output result (outcomes-based design), the general provisions of which for the design conditions of RC – structural systems are set out in fib MC 2020. According to this document, performance-based design is an engineering approach to the design of building elements based on agreed design goals and objectives, engineering analysis and quantitative assessment of the compliance of alternatives with the set design goals and objectives using accepted engineering tools, methodologies and criteria for acceptance of the out-put/outcomes result. The article presents the main provisions of the new paradigm of designing constructive systems based on the output result.
Palm Oil Plantations in West and Central Kalimantan, Indonesia: Sustainability Analysis Using a Hierarchy Process Method
Authors: Bintariningtyas Selfia , Gravitiani Evi , Prasetyani Dwi , Sasanti Ika Alicia , Juwita Aulia Hapsari
Published: December 2024

There are quite significant differences in the management of palm oil businesses in West Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan Provinces. In fact, West Kalimantan has a very large area of oil palm land, but its production output is smaller compared to Central Kalimantan province. Based on these facts, this research aims to determine the policy strategy for sustainable palm oil management, which includes economic, social, environmental and legal aspects to be implemented in the provinces of West Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan. This research applies the Analysis Hierarchy Process (AHP) method with a pairwise comparison matrix approach to calculate the weight of each index and create sustainable palm oil based on primary data collection through questionnaires. The research results show that in developing sustainable oil palm plantations, environmental aspects can be considered first, with a primary focus on oil palm land conservation. Conservation of oil palm land is an important part because it is a form of protection, restoration, improvement and maintenance of land functions in accordance with land capabilities and use. The results obtained from calculations carried out using the AHP model show that there are 3 policy alternatives, namely Agribusiness Public Partnership, Agribusiness Private Partnership, and Agribusiness Public - Private Partnership. This can provide benefits for economic growth through increasing agricultural productivity. Agribusiness Public-Private Partnerships have a very important role as a benchmark for sustainable palm oil plantation policies in Central and West Kalimantan.
India's Comparative Advantage and Trade Specialization in the Wheat Sector vis-à-vis the BIMSTEC Countries
Authors: Hossain Md. Monzur , Acharjee Partha , Bairagi Mithun
Published: December 2024

Currently, the global community is observing the increasing significance of Asian countries in international trade, and 48 Asian nations, India's wheat sector, has experienced a significant reorganization in generating revenue and employment prospects. The research aimed to analyze the comparative advantage and trade specialization in the wheat sector enjoyed by India compared to other member countries of BIMSTEC using the OEC database from 2013 to 2022. The Balassa and Lafay index highlights India's relative competitiveness and extent of trade specialization. To compare the pair-wise comparison between the member countries, Games-Howell Post-Hoc estimation was employed since the normality and homogeneity of data hardly provide any scope to apply one-way ANOVA. Finally, the study concluded that India enjoyed a high degree of competitiveness in the wheat market as compared to other BIMSTEC members during the study period. Consequently, the results indicate that India is enjoying a robust advantage in the global wheat trade market, in general, and in the BIMSTEC region, in particular. Based on the result, this study prescribed that since BIMSTEC will implement trade facilitation in 2030, the identification of specific products like wheat may be incorporated into the list for greater regional trade integration.
Proposta Didática para o Ensino de Radioatividade: Césio-137 – O Caso de Goiânia
Authors: Teixeira de Menezes Karenina , Gaier Viário Alice , Cury Soares Alessandro , Dos Santos Pastoriza Bruno
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho consiste em uma proposta que possibilite a percepção da ciência como interseção de diversos saberes, localizando o campo científico no mundo através dos olhares da cultura, da arte e da política. Cinema e arte estão interligados diretamente, sendo o cinema uma arte voltada ao público, consideravelmente acessível, mais próxima do cotidiano das pessoas e dos estudantes. Com este trabalho foi possível desenvolver uma sequência de trechos do filme Césio 137 - O Pesadelo de Goiânia para abordar diversos enfoques do tema radioatividade no ambiente escolar.
Um Cordel para “Aquilo que não se Vê”: Um “Olhar” Químico e Perspectivas a Partir da Leitura de Licenciandos
Authors: Araújo Paula Dayane Silva , Francisco Junior Wilmo Ernesto
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho se constrói a partir de dois objetivos interrelacionados. O primeiro deles no campo da divulgação científica com base da literatura de cordel. Para tanto, se apresenta um cordel autoral (primeira autora do trabalho) com a respectiva discussão das ideias químicas com o intuito de publicizar o texto para leitores diversos, inclusive vislumbrando a possibilidade de seu uso como suporte pedagógico em atividades didáticas. O segundo objetivo centra-se em um estudo a partir da leitura do texto por licenciandos em química. Assim, se constituiu uma pesquisa qualitativa do tipo exploratória que buscou analisar o olhar dos estudantes sobre o cordel de um ponto de vista das provocações suscitadas mediante a leitura. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com 19 licenciandos em química de uma universidade federal. Com base nos resultados, pôde-se inferir que a leitura do cordel suscitou três reações principais: curiosidade, relações com o texto e imaginação. Do ponto de vista pedagógico, tais reações sugerem a potencialidade do cordel como suporte didático, mas que não tem fim em si.