bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in the Earth’s Spin Rotation due to the Atmospheric Effects and Reduction in Glaciers
Authors: Na Sung-Ho , Cho Jungho , Kim Tu-Hwan , Seo Kiweon , Youm Kookhyoun , Yoo Sung-Moon , Choi Byungkyu , Yoon Hasu
Published: December 2016

The atmosphere strongly affects the Earth’s spin rotation in wide range of timescale from daily to annual. Its dominant role in the seasonal perturbations of both the pole position and spinning rate of the Earth is once again confirmed by a comparison of two recent data sets; i) the Earth orientation parameter and ii) the global atmospheric state. The atmospheric semi-diurnal tide has been known to be a source of the Earth’s spin acceleration, and its magnitude is re-estimated by using an enhanced formulation and an up-dated empirical atmospheric S2 tide model. During the last twenty years, an unusual eastward drift of the Earth’s pole has been observed. The change in the Earth’s inertia tensor due to glacier mass redistribution is directly assessed, and the recent eastward movement of the pole is ascribed to this change. Furthermore, the associated changes in the length of day and UT1 are estimated.
Trends and variability of atmospheric PM2.5 and PM10–2.5 concentration in the Po Valley, Italy
Authors: Bigi Alessandro , Ghermandi Grazia
Published: December 2016

Abstract. The Po Valley is one of the largest European regions with a remarkably high concentration level of atmospheric pollutants, both for particulate and gaseous compounds. In the last decade stringent regulations on air quality standards and on anthropogenic emissions have been set by the European Commission, including also for PM2.5 and its main components since 2008. These regulations have led to an overall improvement in air quality across Europe, including the Po Valley and specifically PM10, as shown in a previous study by Bigi and Ghermandi (2014). In order to assess the trend and variability in PM2.5 in the Po Valley and its role in the decrease in PM10, we analysed daily gravimetric equivalent concentration of PM2.5 and of PM10–2.5 at 44 and 15 sites respectively across the Po Valley. The duration of the times series investigated in this work ranges from 7 to 10 years. For both PM sizes, the trend in deseasonalized monthly means, annual quantiles and in monthly frequency distribution was estimated: this showed a significant decreasing trend at several sites for both size fractions and mostly occurring in winter. All series were tested for a significant weekly periodicity (a proxy to estimate the impact of primary anthropogenic emissions), yielding positive results for summer PM2.5 and for summer and winter PM10–2.5. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed moderate variability in PM2.5 across the valley, with two to three main clusters, dividing the area in western, eastern and southern/Apennines foothill sectors. The trend in atmospheric concentration was compared with the time series of local emissions, vehicular fleet details and fuel sales, suggesting that the decrease in PM2.5 and in PM10 originates from a drop both in primary and in precursors of secondary inorganic aerosol emissions, largely ascribed to vehicular traffic. Potentially, the increase in biomass burning emissions in winter and the modest decrease in NH3 weaken an otherwise even larger drop in atmospheric concentrations.
Detection of formaldehyde emissions from an industrial zone in the Yangtze River Delta region of China using a proton transfer reaction ion-drift chemical ionization mass spectrometer
Authors: Ma Yan , Diao Yiwei , Zhang Bingjie , Wang Weiwei , Ren Xinrong , Yang Dongsen , Wang Ming , Shi Xiaowen , Zheng Jun
Published: December 2016

Abstract. A proton transfer reaction ion-drift chemical ionization mass spectrometer (PTR-ID-CIMS) equipped with a hydronium (H3+O) ion source was developed and deployed near an industrial zone in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region of China in spring 2015 to investigate industry-related emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Air pollutants including formaldehyde (HCHO), aromatics, and other trace gases (O3 and CO) were simultaneously measured. Humidity effects on the sensitivity of the PTR-ID-CIMS for HCHO detection were investigated and quantified. The performances of the PTR-ID-CIMS were also validated by intercomparing with offline HCHO measurement technique using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (DNPH) cartridges and the results showed fairly good agreement (slope  =  0.81, R2  =  0.80). The PTR-ID-CIMS detection limit of HCHO (10 s, three-duty-cycle averages) was determined to be 0.9–2.4 (RH  =  1–81.5 %) parts per billion by volume (ppbv) based on 3 times the standard deviations of the background signals. During the field study, observed HCHO concentrations ranged between 1.8 and 12.8 ppbv with a campaign average of 4.1 ± 1.6 ppbv, which was comparable with previous HCHO observations in other similar locations of China. However, HCHO diurnal profiles showed few features of secondary formation. In addition, time series of both HCHO and aromatic VOCs indicated strong influence from local emissions. Using a multiple linear regression fit model, on average the observed HCHO can be attributed to secondary formation (13.8 %), background level (27.0 %), and industry-related emissions, i.e., combustion sources (43.2 %) and chemical productions (16.0 %). Moreover, within the plumes the industry-related emissions can account for up to 69.2 % of the observed HCHO. This work has provided direct evidence of strong primary emissions of HCHO from industry-related activities. These primary HCHO sources can potentially have a strong impact on local and regional air pollution formation in this area of China. Given the fact that the YRD is the largest economic zone in China and is dense with petrochemical industries, primary industrial HCHO emissions should be strictly monitored and regulated.
Temperature and moisture effects on greenhouse gas emissions from deep active-layer boreal soils
Authors: Bond-Lamberty Ben , Smith A. Peyton , Bailey Vanessa
Published: December 2016

Abstract. Rapid climatic changes, rising air temperatures, and increased fires are expected to drive permafrost degradation and alter soil carbon (C) cycling in many high-latitude ecosystems. How these soils will respond to changes in their temperature, moisture, and overlying vegetation is uncertain but critical to understand given the large soil C stocks in these regions. We used a laboratory experiment to examine how temperature and moisture control CO2 and CH4 emissions from mineral soils sampled from the bottom of the annual active layer, i.e., directly above permafrost, in an Alaskan boreal forest. Gas emissions from 30 cores, subjected to two temperatures and either field moisture conditions or experimental drought, were tracked over a 100-day incubation; we also measured a variety of physical and chemical characteristics of the cores. Gravimetric water content was 0.31 ± 0.12 (unitless) at the beginning of the incubation; cores at field moisture were unchanged at the end, but drought cores had declined to 0.06 ± 0.04. Daily CO2 fluxes were positively correlated with incubation chamber temperature, core water content, and percent soil nitrogen. They also had a temperature sensitivity (Q10) of 1.3 and 1.9 for the field moisture and drought treatments, respectively. Daily CH4 emissions were most strongly correlated with percent nitrogen, but neither temperature nor water content was a significant first-order predictor of CH4 fluxes. The cumulative production of C from CO2 was over 6 orders of magnitude higher than that from CH4; cumulative CO2 was correlated with incubation temperature and moisture treatment, with drought cores producing 52–73 % lower C. Cumulative CH4 production was unaffected by any treatment. These results suggest that deep active-layer soils may be sensitive to changes in soil moisture under aerobic conditions, a critical factor as discontinuous permafrost thaws in interior Alaska. Deep but unfrozen high-latitude soils have been shown to be strongly affected by long-term experimental warming, and these results provide insight into their future dynamics and feedback potential with future climate change.
Hydroclimate of the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation in southern Australia’s arid margin interpreted from speleothem records (23–15 ka)
Authors: Treble Pauline C. , Baker Andy , Ayliffe Linda K. , Cohen Timothy C. , Hellstrom John C. , Gagan Michael K. , Frisia Silvia , Drysdale Russell N. , Griffiths Alan D. , Borsato Andrea
Published: December 2016

Abstract. Terrestrial data spanning the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and deglaciation from the southern Australian region are sparse, and limited to discontinuous sedimentological and geomorphological records with relatively large chronological uncertainties. This dearth of records has prevented a critical assessment of the role of the Southern Hemisphere mid-latitude westerly winds on the region’s climate during this time period. In this study, two precisely-dated speleothem records for Mairs Cave, Flinders Ranges, are presented, providing a detailed terrestrial hydroclimatic record for the southern Australian drylands during 23–15 ka for the first time. Enhanced recharge to Mairs Cave is interpreted from the speleothem record by the activation of growth, physical flood layering and δ18O and δ13C minima. Periods of lowered recharge are indicated by isotopic enrichment, primarily affecting δ18O, argued to be driven by evaporation of shallow soil/epikarst water in this water-limited environment. A hydrological driver is supported by calcite fabric changes. The Mairs Cave record indicates that the Flinders Ranges were relatively wet during the LGM and early deglaciation, particularly over the interval 18.9–16 ka. This wetter phase ended abruptly with a shift to drier conditions at 15.8 ka. These findings are in agreement with the geomorphic archives for this region, as well as the timing of events in records from the broader Australasian region. The recharge phases identified in the Mairs Cave record are correlated with, but antiphase to, the position of the westerly winds interpreted from a marine core in the Great Australian Bight. The implication is that the mid-latitude westerlies are located further south during the period of enhanced recharge in the Mairs Cave record (18.9–16 ka), and conversely are located further north when greater aridity is interpreted in the speleothem record. A comparison with speleothem records from the northern Australasian region reveals that the availability of sub-tropical/tropical moisture is the most likely explanation driving enhanced recharge, with further amplification of recharge occurring during the early half of Heinrich Stadial 1, possibly influenced by a more southerly-displaced Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). A rapid transition to aridity at 15.8 ka is consistent with a retraction of this tropical moisture source.
Evaluation of PMIP2 and PMIP3 simulations of mid-Holocene climate in the Indo-Pacific, Australasian and Southern Ocean regions
Authors: Ackerley Duncan , Reeves Jessica , Barr Cameron , Bostock Helen , Fitzsimmons Kathryn , Fletcher Michael-Shawn , Gouramanis Chris , McGregor Helen , Mooney Scott , Phipps Steven , Tibby John , Tyler Jonathan
Published: December 2016

Abstract. Paleoclimate proxy reconstruction initiatives, such as the Australian component of the international paleoclimate synthesis effort: INTegration of Ice core, MArine and Terrestrial records (OZ-INTIMATE), are important as they provide evidence of past climatic conditions that are necessary to evaluate global General Circulation Models (GCMs). One of the key outputs from the OZ-INTIMATE project was the production of spatially-coherent, climatic reconstructions over the southern Maritime Continent, Australasia and the Southern Ocean. The OZ-INTIMATE results were presented as regional, "simplified patterns of temperature and effective precipitation" and those regions spanned a large enough area to contain several GCM grid boxes. Therefore, the "upscaling" of individual reconstructions (through OZ-INTIMATE) to a scale that was resolved by GCMs, presented an ideal opportunity for a direct comparison. This study uses the same "simplified patterns of temperature and effective precipitation" approach from OZ-INTIMATE on data from an ensemble of GCMs. The GCM data are taken from the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) mid-Holocene (6000 years before present, 6 ka) and pre-industrial control (c1750 C.E., 0 ka) experiments. The synthesis presented here shows that, on the whole, the models and proxies agree on the differences in climate state for 6 ka relative to 0 ka, when they are insolation driven. The main disagreement between the models and proxies occurs over the Tropical West Pacific warm pool and arises from an intensification of an existing error (the "cold tongue bias"). This study also presents a mechanism whereby the strength of the Southern Hemisphere, mid-latitude westerly wind strength reduces but rainfall increases over the southern temperate zone of Australia. Such a mechanism may be useful for resolving disparities between different regional proxy records, and model simulations. Finally, after assessing the available datasets (model and proxy), opportunities for better model-proxy integrated research are presented.
Physical pedotransfer functions to compute saturated hydraulic conductivity from bimodal characteristic curves for a range of New Zealand soils
Authors: Pollacco Joseph Alexander Paul , Webb Trevor , McNeill Stephen , Hu Wei , Carrick Sam , Hewitt Allan , Lilburne Linda
Published: December 2016

Abstract. Descriptions of soil hydraulic properties, such as soil moisture release curve, θ(h), and saturated hydraulic conductivities, Ks, are a prerequisite for hydrological models. Since the measurement of Ks is expensive, it is frequently derived from pedotransfer functions. Because it is usually more difficult to describe Ks than θ(h) from pedotransfer functions, Pollacco et al. (2013) developed a physical unimodal model to compute Ks solely from hydraulic parameters derived from the Kosugi θ(h). This unimodal Ks model, which is based on a unimodal Kosugi soil pore-size distribution, was developed by combining the approach of Hagen-Poiseuille with Darcy’s law and by introducing three tortuosity parameters. We report here on (1) the suitability of the Pollacco unimodal Ks model to predict Ks for a range of New Zealand soils, and (2) further adaptations to this model to adapt it to dual-porosity structural soils by computing the soil water flux through a continuous function of an improved bimodal pore-size distribution. The improved bimodal Ks model was tested with a New Zealand data set derived from historical measurements of Ks and θ(h) for a range of soils derived from sandstone and siltstone. The Ks data were collected using a small core size of 100 mm, causing large uncertainty in replicate measurements. Predictions of Ks were further improved by distinguishing topsoils from subsoil. Nevertheless, as expected stratifying the data with soil texture only slightly improved the predictions of the physical Ks models because the Ks model is based on pore-size distribution and the calibrated parameters were obtained within the physically feasible range. The improvements made to the unimodal Ks model by using the new bimodal Ks model are modest when compared to the unimodal model, which is explained by the poor accuracy of measured total porosity. Nevertheless, the new bimodal model provides an acceptable fit to the observed data. The study highlights the importance of improving Ks measurements with larger cores.
Evaluating the spatial heterogeneity of soil loss tolerance and its effects on erosion risk in the carbonate areas of South China
Authors: Li Yue , Bai Xiaoyong , Wang Shijie , Qin Luoyi , Tian Yichao , Luo Guangjie
Published: December 2016

Abstract. Soil loss tolerance (T value) is the ultimate criterion to determine the necessity of erosion control measures and ecological restoration strategy. However, the validity of this criterion in subtropical karst regions is strongly disputed. In this study, T value is computed based on soil formation rate by using a digital distribution map of carbonate rock assemblage types. Results indicated spatial heterogeneity and diversity in such values; moreover, a minimum of three criteria should be considered instead of only one criterion when investigating the carbonate areas of South China given that the “one region, one T value” concept may not apply to this region. T value is proportionate to the amount of argillaceous material in formations that determine surface soil thickness in homogenous carbonate rock areas; such values are 20 and 50 t/(km2 · a) in carbonate rock intercalated with clastic rock areas and 100 t/(km2 · a) in carbonate/clastic rock alternation areas. These three areas are each extremely, severely, and moderately sensitive to soil erosion. This erosion is extreme in karst rocky desertification (KRD) land and reflects the degree of erosion risk. Thus, the relationship between T value and erosion risk is determined with KRD as a parameter. The existence of KRD land is unrelated to T value, although this parameter indicates erosion sensitivity. In fact, erosion risk is strongly dependent on the relationship between real soil loss (RL) and T value rather than on either erosion intensity or the T value itself. If RL >> T, then erosion risk is high despite a low RL. Conversely, if T >> RL, the soil is safe although RL is high. Overall, these findings may clarify T value heterogeneity and its effect on erosion risk in a karst eco-environment; hence, innovative technological assessment solutions need not be invented.
The effects of worms, clay and biochar on CO2 emissions during production and soil application of co-composts
Authors: Barthod Justine , Rumpel Cornélia , Paradelo Remigio , Dignac Marie-France
Published: December 2016

Abstract. In this study we evaluated CO2 emissions during composting of green wastes with clay and/or biochar in the presence and absence of worms (species of the genus Eisenia), as well as the effect of those amendments on carbon mineralization after application to soil. We added two different doses of clay, biochar or their mixture to pre-composted green wastes and monitored carbon mineralization over 21 days in the absence or presence of worms. The resulting co-composts and vermicomposts were then added to a loamy Cambisol and the CO2 emissions were monitored over 30 days in a laboratory incubation. Our results indicated that the addition of clay or clay/biochar mixture reduced carbon mineralization during co-composting without worms by up to 44 %. In the presence of worms, CO2 emissions during composting increased for all treatments except for the low clay dose. The effect of the amendments on carbon mineralization after addition to soil was small in the short term. Overall, composts increased OM mineralization, whereas vermicomposts had no effect. The presence of biochar reduced OM mineralization in soil with respect to compost and vermicompost without additives, whereas clay reduced mineralization only in the composts. Our study indicates a significant role of the conditions of composting on mineralization in soil. Therefore, the production of a low CO2 emission amendment requires optimization of feedstocks, co-composting agents and worm species.
Improved processing and calibration of the interferometric mode of
the CryoSat radar altimeter allows height measurements of
supraglacial lakes in west Greenland
Authors: Gray Laurence , Burgess David , Copland Luke , Dunse Thorben , Langley Kirsty , Moholdt Geir
Published: December 2016

Abstract. We compare geocoded heights derived from the interferometric mode (SARIn) of CryoSat to surface heights from calibration-validation sites on Devon Ice Cap and West Greenland. Comparisons are included for both the heights derived from the first return (the "point-of-closest-approach" or POCA) as well as heights derived from delayed waveform returns ("swath" processing). While swath processed heights are normally less accurate than edited POCA heights, of order 1–5 m instead of order 1–2 m, the increased coverage possible with swath data complements the POCA data and provides useful information for both system calibration and improving digital elevation models (DEMs). We show that the pre-launch interferometric baseline coupled with an additional roll correction (~ 0.0075°), or equivalent phase correction (~ 0.0435 radians), provides an improved calibration of the interferometric SARIn mode. We extend the potential use of SARIn data by showing the influence of surface conditions, especially melt, on the return waveforms, and that it is possible to detect and measure the height of summer supraglacial lakes in West Greenland. A supraglacial lake can provide a strong radar target in the waveform, stronger than the initial POCA return, if viewed at near normal incidence. This provides an ideal situation for swath processing and we demonstrate height accuracies of ~ 0.5 m for two lake sites, one in the accumulation zone and one in the ablation zone, which were measured every year from 2010 or 2011 to 2016. Each year the lake in the ablation zone was viewed in June by ascending passes and then 5.5 days later by descending passes which allows an approximate estimate of the filling rate. The results suggest that CryoSat waveform data and measurements of supraglacial lake height change could complement the use of optical satellite and be helpful as proxy indicators for surface melt around Greenland.
Modern methods for investigating the stability of a pitching floating
platform wind turbine
Authors: Lennie Matthew , Marten David , Pechlivanoglou George , Nayeri Christian Navid , Paschereit Christian Oliver
Published: December 2016

Abstract. The QBlade implementation of the Lifting Line Free Vortex Wake method(LLFVW) was tested in conditions analogous to floating platform motion. Comparisons against two independent test cases, using a variety of simulation methods show excellent agreement in thrust forces, rotor power, blade forces and rotor plane induction. Along with the many verifications already undertaken in literature, it seems that the code performs solidly even in these challenging cases. Further to this, the key steps are presented from a new formulation of the instantaneous aerodynamic thrust damping of a wind turbine rotor. A test case with harmonic platform motion and collective pitch is used to demonstrate how combining such tools can lead to better understanding of aeroelastic stability.
Serviço de informação como fator de vantagem competitiva nas organizações
Authors: Varvakis Rados Gregório Jean , Inomata Danielly Oliveira , Trzeciak Dorzeli Salete , Manhães Maurício Cordeiro
Published: December 2016

O presente artigo objetiva discutir a relevância dos serviços de informação como fator de vantagem competitiva para as organizações, com foco no processo de Inteligência Competitiva. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, que utiliza a pesquisa bibliográfica como procedimento técnico para o levantamento dos dados. Trabalha-se com base nos aportes teóricos da Ciência da Informação; em especial, da Gestão da informação, tendo como perspectiva a existência de um processo sistemático de planejamento, coleta, análise e disseminação de informações para auxiliar na tomada de decisão das organizações. Discute-se que, para as atividades de análise e disseminação da informação existem outputs que podem ser chamados de serviços informacionais, cuja finalidade é identificar as necessidades de informação e garantir a disponibilidade e o acesso à informação no formato e tempo adequados. Os resultados indicam que: informação e conhecimento são insumos essenciais ao processo decisório das organizações; no processo de Inteligência Competitiva as etapas de análise e disseminação são as mais críticas, e devem ser trabalhadas no sentido de garantir o acesso às informações para a ação; as organizações têm dificuldades para processar e usar informações e devem, portanto, priorizar consumo e não estoque; os serviços de informação agregam valor ao processo de Inteligência Competitiva, contribuindo para a competitividade da organização. Conclui que os serviços de informação são indispensáveis para que os processos de IC possam agregar valor e, consequentemente, impactar positivamente as ações da organização.
La cartografía bibliográfica y la memoria emblemática Playa Ancha, Valparaíso
Authors: Mardones Leiva Marjorie Andrea , Carmona Jiménez Javiera
Published: December 2016

Este estudio propone un análisis para el estudio de la memoria emblemática del territorio de Playa Ancha, Valparaíso, basándose en una revisión bibliográfica situada. Su objetivo principal es reconocer los discursos que han colaborado en la construcción, articulación y cristalización del imaginario social de la localidad a partir de su producción bibliográfica: temáticas recurrentes, agentes discursivos oficiales y disidentes, prácticas sociales, entre otros. Esta investigación pone en crisis la tendencia de los estudios bibliométricos actuales que se han dedicado principalmente al análisis de información para entidades educacionales o de producción científica nacional, dejando atrás aspectos tan importantes como es el espacio, tiempo, lugar (Sousa-Santos, 1991) y su relación con el día a día del ciudadano. Para representar los resultados del estudio, se han utilizado gráficos y cartografías, destacando la relación entre territorio y bibliografía.
The Potential Contribution of BRCA Mutations to Early Onset and Familial Breast Cancer in Uzbekistan
Authors: Abdikhakimov Abdulla , Tukhtaboeva Mukaddas , Adilov Bakhtiyar , Turdikulova Shahlo
Published: December 2016

Introuduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and affects approximately 1 out of 8 females in the US. Risk of developing breast cancer is strongly influenced by genetic factors. Germ-line mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are associated with 5–10% of breast cancer incidence. To reduce the risk of developing cancer and to increase the likelihood of early detection, carriers of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations are offered surveillance programs and effective preventive medical interventions. Identification of founder mutations of BRCA1/2 in high risk communities can have a significant impact on the management of hereditary cancer at the level of the national healthcare systems, making genetic testing more affordable and cost-effective. BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in breast cancer patients have not been characterized in the Uzbek population. This pilot study aimed to investigate the contribution of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation to early onset and familial cases of breast cancer in Uzbekistan.Methods: A total of 67 patients with breast cancer and 103 age-matched disease free controls were included in this study. Utilizing SYBR Green based real-time allele-specific PCR, we have analyzed DNA samples of  patients with breast cancer and disease free controls to identify the following BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations: BRCA1 5382insC, BRCA1 4153delA, BRCA1 185delAG, BRCA1 300T>G, BRCA2 6174delT.Results: Three unrelated samples (4.5%) were found to be positive for the heterozygous 5382insCBRCA1 mutation, representing a possible founder mutation in the Uzbek population, supporting the need for larger studies examining the contribution of this mutation to breast cancer incidence in Uzbekistan.We did not findBRCA1 4153delA, BRCA1 185delAG, BRCA1 300T>G, and BRCA2 6174delT mutations.Conclusion: This preliminary evidence suggests a potential contribution of BRCA1 5382insC mutation to breast cancer development in Uzbek population. Taking into account a high disease penetrance in carriers of BRCA1 mutation, it seems reasonable to recommend inclusion of the 5382insC mutation test in future research on the development of screening programs for breast cancer prevention in Uzbekistan.
Cartografías de la mirada, del mapa virtual al recorrido afectivo: la ciudad y sus afueras en La experiencia dramática, de Sergio Chejfec
Authors: Alcívar Bellolio Daniela
Published: December 2016

En La experiencia dramática (2012), la más reciente novela de Sergio Chejfec, se ponen en juego imaginarios geográficos en los que se cruzan los afectos, las tecnologías y diversos regímenes de la mirada. El trabajo plantea un examen de la imagen de la ciudad en esta novela a la luz de esos elementos con el fin de establecer, por una parte, la sensibilidad geográfica como constante de la obra narrativa de Chejfec y, por otra, de articular sus principales implicaciones en el desarrollo del relato, con énfasis en la calidad de dispositivo narrativo que posee la geografía como núcleo de significaciones y posibilidades estéticas.
La ciudad insalvable
Authors: Morales Osdany
Published: December 2016

Con la ocupación masiva del espacio público de la capital, al arribo del Ejército Rebelde y sus líderes en el triunfo de la Revolución cubana, La Habana entró en un ritmo espaciotemporal cercano a la utopía. En el siguiente ensayo, intento discutir e interpretar estos cambios, ejemplificados en un caso de estudio concreto: las escuelas de arte de Cubanacán.
Producción de espacio en la ciudad de Lima: la estética de los im/propio en la poesía de Domingo de Ramos
Authors: Rodriguez-Ulloa Olga Cristina
Published: December 2016

La poesía de Domingo de Ramos ha sido interpretada como la voz del migrante, aquello que está por ende asociado a lo rural, no español, no literario. Cambio el enfoque e indago en la crítica literaria que identifica la poesía de de Ramos con su biografía, interrogando también otros discursos que trataron los pueblos jóvenes como espacios carentes de arquitectura, definidos por el paisaje y la naturaleza. Llamo la atención hacia estrategias conceptuales interdisciplinarias que buscan mantener el espacio de los pueblos jóvenes completamente diferenciado, externo e independiente a la ciudad de Lima.
Territorios, cartografías y espacios: Presentación
Authors: Marguch Francisco
Published: December 2016

Este texto funciona como presentación del dossier y bosqueja algunas ideas generales sobre sus temas principales
Recent Work on Negritude
Authors: Jeffers Chike
Published: December 2016

Review of recent works on the Negritude movement, with critical remarks and interventions.
Introduction: 75 Years Later
Authors: Westmoreland Mark William
Published: December 2016

Introduction to the volume commemorating 75 years since the death of Henri Bergson
Politeness
Authors: Bergson Henri
Published: December 2016

This is the English translation of a speech Bergson made at Lycée Henri-IV on July 30, 1892. This is an interesting text because it anticipates Bergson’s last book, his The Two Sources of Morality and Religion. Like the distinction in The Two Sources between the open and the closed, “Politeness” defines its subject matter in two ways. There is what Bergson calls “manners” and there is true politeness. For Bergson, both kinds of politeness concern equality. Manners or material politeness amount to the ritualized greetings and formalities by means of which we usually define politeness. Unfortunately and like The Two Sources, Bergson attributes this formalized relation to other human beings with primitive and “inferior races.” Nevertheless, Bergson sees in these formalities an attempt, in the name of equality, to ignore other people’s talents and merits so that one can dominate morally superior people. In contrast, true politeness or “spiritual politeness” consists in “intellectual flexibility.” When one meets a person of superior morality, one is flexible in one’s relation to him or her; one abandons the formalities in order to really live her life and think her thoughts. Here we find equality too: “what defines this very polite person is to prefer each of his friends over the others, and to succeed in this way in loving them equally.” After making a comparison to dance, Bergson defines spiritual politeness as “a grace of the mind.” Since both kinds of politeness concern equality, Bergson associates both with justice. However, beyond these two kinds of politeness and justice there is “politeness of the heart,” which concerns charity. In order to indicate politeness of the heart, Bergson describes the kind of person, a sensitive person, who anxiously awaits a word of praise in order to feel good about herself but who also, when she hears a word of reproach, is thrown into sadness. Although Bergson calls the sensibility of this person “a bit sickly,” he also claims that the sensibility is found in the heart of each of us. It indicates a fundamental sympathy with others. For this person such a word from another makes every power of one’s being vibrate in unison. So in this short speech, one will find Bergson distinguishing between material politeness, mental or spiritual politeness, and politeness of the heart. Politeness of the heart is true openness to others. And, for Bergson, it opens up to a society exemplified by ancient philosophy: true friends of each other and of ideas.
Human Rights and the Leap of Love
Authors: Lefebvre Alexandre
Published: December 2016

To commemorate the 75th anniversary of Henri Bergson’s death I present what I believe is his most vital and lasting contribution to political philosophy: his conception of human rights. This article has two goals. The first is to present Bergson’s writings on human rights as clearly and simply as possible, so as to reach the wide audience it deserves. The second is to demonstrate his relevance for contemporary human rights scholarship. To do so, I connect him to recent debates in the history and historiography of human rights. I also highlight his distinctive approach to human rights as furnishing a tool for individuals to work upon and improve themselves. For Bergson, the great promise of human rights is that they simultaneously open new possibilities to care for others and also to care for oneself.
Bergson and the Morality of Uncertainty
Authors: Altamirano Adriana Alfaro
Published: December 2016

Moral and political theories, insofar as they are based on the fragile life of human beings, usually incorporate a reflection on the role of uncertainty or contingency. The question remains however, how exactly do we experience ‘uncertainty’? Can it show us different faces, to which we then react in different ways? If so, what is the meaning of such multiplicity for the exercise of agency? Comparing Bergson’s inquiry into the modern belief in chance with Jean-Marie Guyau’s reflections on the love of risk, I examine the moral significance of different ways of relating to uncertainty, and analyze their respective pedagogical purchase regarding the constitution of human freedom. When confronted with the unknown future, human agency gets easily trapped in the vicious and vertiginous circle of impotence and omnipotence. The contrast between Bergson and Guyau illuminates this problem, showing how our relation to uncertainty informs our identity, our capacity for action, and our sense of obligation
Beyond Dualism and Monism: Bergson's Slanted Being
Authors: Kebede Messay
Published: December 2016

There is an old but still unresolved debate pertaining to the question of Bergsonian monism or dualism.  Scholars who think that Bergson is ultimately monist clash with those who claim that he has consistently maintained a dualist position. Others speak of contradiction and point out his failure to reconcile dualism with monism. What feeds on the debate is Bergson’s undeniable change of direction: while his first book is flagrantly dualist, his second book takes a sharp turn toward monism. Without denying the intricacy generated by the change of direction, this paper argues that the originality of his position is overlooked every time that the problem is presented in terms of Bergson being dualist or monist. Notably, it contends that Bergson’s third book, Creative Evolution, overcomes both dualism and monism by removing their contradiction through a durational or slanted approach to Being.
The Concept in Life and the Life of the Concept: Canguilhem’s Final Reckoning with Bergson
Authors: Feldman Alex
Published: December 2016

Foucault famously divided the history of twentieth-century French philosophy between a “philosophy of experience” and a “philosophy of the concept,” placing Bergson in the former camp and his teacher Canguilhem in the latter. This division has shaped the Anglophone reception of Canguilhem as primarily a historian and philosopher of biology. Canguilhem, however, was also a philosopher of life and a careful reader of Bergson. The recently-begun publication of Canguilhem’s Œuvres complètes has revealed the depth of this engagement, and a re-reading of Canguilhem’s final major statement on Bergson, the 1966 essay “The Concept and Life,” has thus become necessary. The basic problem of that essay is the relationship between knowledge and life in the history of biology and philosophy, with a special place for Bergson. Canguilhem’s strong criticism of him turns, however, on a misquotation. In claiming that Bergson fails to account for the struggle of the living being to maintain a species form, Canguilhem misconstrues the crucial Bergsonian distinction between vital order and geometrical identity; he thus misses the importance that Bergson accords to general biological tendencies, rather than to the generality of the species. Despite the differences on display in the 1966 essay, it will be argued that Canguilhem’s earlier remarks on Bergson show a surprising convergence in the underlying aim of each thinker’s biological philosophy: the call for a new ontology that grasps the ordered and intelligible character of life without relying on a principle of identity.
The Bitcoin Mining Game
Authors: Houy Nicolas
Published: December 2016

This article deals with the mining incentives in the Bitcoin protocol. The mining process is used to confirm and secure transactions. This process is organized as a speed game between individuals or firms – the miners – with different computational powers to solve a mathematical problem, bring a proof of work, spread their solution and reach consensus among the Bitcoin network nodes with it. First, we define and specify this game. Second, we analytically find its Nash equilibria in the two-player case. We analyze the parameters for which the miners would face the proper incentives to fulfill their function of transaction processors in the current situation. Finally, we study the block space market offer.
ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM DE ANÁLISE MATEMÁTICA COMO ENCONTRO COM OS SIGNOS NA PERSPECTIVA DE GILLES DELEUZE
Authors: Leal Junior Luiz Carlos , Andrade Antonio Dos Santos
Published: December 2016

O presente artigo apresenta reflexões acerca da disciplina de Análise Matemática nos cursos de ciências exatas de um ponto de vista filosófico. O principal objetivo é atentar para questões críticas que envolvem o ensino e a aprendizagem desta disciplina. Para investigar este objeto de estudo como signo e um acontecimento no pensamento, buscamos uma análise sobre a problemática desta disciplina com base na teorização de Gilles Deleuze e seu deslocamento conceitual para o campo da Educação Matemática. Esse pensador propõe pensarmos o aprender como processo, como passagem, como acontecimento, acontecimento no pensamento. Essa perspectiva torna-se patente e esclarecedora, no quesito do aprendizado da Análise e, portanto, em toda Matemática, na qual o estudante deve colocar seu desejo no processo de aprender e vivenciar o acontecimento, relacionar-se efetivamente com os signos através dessa disciplina e todo o trajeto trilhado nesta passagem.
Segurança do paciente em serviços de tomografia computadorizada: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Diniz Késsya Dantas , Costa Isabelle Katherinne Fernandes , Silva Richardson Augusto Rosendo da
Published: December 2016

Objetivou-se identificar os elementos essenciais para oferecer uma assistência segura aos pacientes submetidos ao exame de tomografia computadorizada. Revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases de dados Medline, SCOPUS, Web of Science e CINAHL, norteada pela questão: quais são os elementos essenciais para oferecer uma assistência segura ao paciente submetido ao exame de tomografia computadorizada? Selecionou-se 23 artigos, dos quais 50% abordaram a otimização, monitoramento, qualidade e proteção em relação às doses de exposição à radiação; 25% enfocaram o contraste utilizado na tomografia; e 25% os cuidados de enfermagem e gestão de casos específicos. As evidências para a assistência segura ao paciente submetido à tomografia computadorizada apontam para a necessidade de, minimizar a realização de exames desnecessários e consequente exposição à radiação, garantir a proteção radiológica, disponibilizar atendimento adequado nas reações adversas, recursos humanos qualificados e indicadores de qualidade de assistência confiáveis.
Qual o intervalo de tempo sugerido para a troca de luvas cirúrgicas? Uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Oliveira Adriana Cristina de , Gama Camila Sarmento , França Patrícia Reis
Published: December 2016

A troca das luvas cirúrgicas durante o procedimento constitui uma importante medida para a manutenção da sua integridade e prevenção da infecção do sítio cirúrgico, entretanto existe pouco consenso quanto ao tempo para essas trocas. Objetivou-se identificar, analisar e sintetizar os achados disponíveis na literatura sobre o intervalo de tempo sugerido para a troca das luvas cirúrgicas durante as cirurgias com intuito de manter a sua integridade. Tratou-se de uma revisão integrativa de estudos publicados entre 2003 e 2016. Foram selecionados 19 artigos que abordaram a relação integridade da luva cirúrgica e seu tempo de uso. Os estudos apontaram a relação direta entre tempo da cirurgia e aumento do percentual de perfuração das luvas. Com base na análise realizada, sugere-se a troca em menos de 120 minutos para cirurgias do aparelho digestivo, ginecológicas e torácicas. A elaboração de protocolos relativos às diferentes especialidades cirúrgicas deve ser considerada.
Role Playing Game (RPG) na graduação em enfermagem: potencialidades pedagógicas
Authors: Soares Amanda Nathale , Gazzinelli Maria Flávia , Souza Vânia de , Araújo Lucas Henrique Lobato
Published: December 2016

Objetivou-se avaliar as potencialidades de um jogo de Role Playing Game como estratégia pedagógica na Graduação em Enfermagem, com ênfase em suas implicações subjetivas na compreensão sobre aspectos da profissão. Estudo qualitativo, realizado por meio de pesquisa avaliativa, do tipo análise da implantação. Participaram alunos do 3º período de Enfermagem. O instrumento de coleta foram Memórias de Jogo, relatos elaborados pelos alunos após sessões do jogo. O jogo constituiu uma estratégia pedagógica não tradicional que favoreceu aos alunos a aproximação com a prática profissional, a participação ativa, a autorreflexão e a reflexão sobre a atuação profissional. Essa estratégia favoreceu processos de singularização, permitindo ao aluno vivenciar situações semelhantes às da prática do enfermeiro e exercitar habilidades como trabalho em equipe e criatividade. A ampliação dos estudos que abordam os processos subjetivos no ensino superior, por meio de jogos de simulação, pode contribuir para melhor delineamento dos processos formativos em saúde.
Causas de readmissão hospitalar após cirurgia cardíaca
Authors: Barreiros Bárbara Rodrigues Nunes , Bianchi Estela Regina Ferraz , Turrini Ruth Natalia Teresa , Poveda Vanessa De Brito
Published: December 2016

Objetivou-se identificar o perfil e as causas de readmissão de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca. Estudo retrospectivo, descritivo, realizado por meio de revisão de prontuários de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio ou implante de prótese valvar com readmissão posterior. A amostra foi constituída por 62 pacientes. A taxa de readmissão foi de 5,9%. A infecção do sítio cirúrgico foi a principal causa de readmissão em 87,5% dos pacientes submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio e em 12,5% dos implantes de prótese valvar (p˂0,001) e esteve associada às variáveis obesidade (p=0,05) e dislipidemia (p=0,007). A identificação dos pacientes em risco para o desenvolvimento de infecção do sítio cirúrgico pode minimizar as taxas de readmissão e diminuir os custos associados ao cuidado, e, merece um planejamento diferenciado de ações multiprofissionais.
Clima de segurança do paciente em unidades de clínica médica e cirúrgica
Authors: Barbosa Maria Helena , Aleixo Thuanne Cristina Sousa e , Oliveira Karoline Faria de , Nascimento Kleiton Gonçalves do , Felix Márcia Marques dos Santos , Barichello Elizabeth
Published: December 2016

Estudo transversal, analítico e quantitativo, que objetivou avaliar o clima de segurança do paciente na perspectiva dos profissionais da equipe de Enfermagem dos setores de Clínica Médica e Cirúrgica. Participaram 52 profissionais. Os dados foram coletados utilizando-se o Safety Attitudes Questionnaire. Para análises foram utilizados os testes t de Student, análise de variância e correlação de Sperman (α= 0,05). O escore geral médio do instrumento foi 66,94 pontos. O domínio com melhor escore foi “percepção da gerência” (84,60) e os domínios com menor escore foram “condições de trabalho” (60,15) e “percepção do estresse” (55,59). Houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os sexos, nível de escolaridade com o domínio Clima de Segurança. Não houve relação entre a atuação profissional, vínculo empregatício e categoria profissional. Observaram-se fragilidades na percepção da equipe em relação ao clima de segurança, o que remete à necessidade de instituição de estratégias para promoção de um ambiente seguro.
Preocupação com quedas em pessoas idosas atendidas em um Centro de Atenção Integral
Authors: Araújo Elizandro Correia de , Martins Kaisy Pereira , Lima Raquel Janyne , Costa Kátia Nêyla De Freitas Macedo
Published: December 2016

As quedas são fatores preocupantes em pessoas idosas, por ocasionarem diversas complicações. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar o nível de preocupação em cair, relacionando-o com as doenças autorreferidas e o histórico de quedas dos idosos atendidos em um Centro de Atenção Integral. Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo com 80 idosos. Os resultados demonstraram que existe uma preocupação extrema a respeito da possibilidade de cair na maior parte dos idosos do sexo feminino, em sua maioria casados, entre 60-79 anos e com uma baixa renda mensal; há preocupação extrema também para aqueles que possuem hipertensão arterial e artrite e artrose. A enfermagem deve estabelecer ações de cunho integral que contemplem o mapeamento dos idosos com risco de queda e realizem uma conscientização desses idosos e familiares quanto às formas de prevenção deste evento, tendo como finalidade preveni-lo e ao mesmo tempo reduzir o medo de cair.