bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
1199/1784 Tarihli Bir Belgeye Göre Mühendishâne-i Bahrî-i Hümâyûn’da Eğitim Araç Gereçleri ve Diğer Eşyalar
Authors: GÖKÇE Evren
Published: March 2022

Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda Lale Devri olarak adlandırılan dönemle birlikte yaşanan sorunlara çözüm bulmak amacıyla ilk defa batı tarzı reformların uygulamaya geçirilmesi devlet gündemine alınmıştı. İlerleyen tarihlerde planlı ve programlı olarak yürürlüğe konan reformlar arasında askeri nitelikli olanlar önemli yer tutmaktaydı. Bu doğrultuda Osmanlı donanmasına ve tersaneye teknik personel yetiştirmek amacıyla kısaca Mühendishâne olarak bilinen Mühendishâne-i Bahrî-i Hümâyûn kurulmuştu.

Kaynaklara göre 1773 veya 1775 tarihinde kurulan okul ilk yıllarında sınırlı sayıda öğrenci ile Tersâne-i Âmire bünyesinde eğitim vermekteydi. İlerleyen tarihlerde öğrenci sayısının artması ile birlikte eğitim kalitesini de artıran Mühendishâne’nin kurulduğu yıllarda mütevazi bir yapıya sahip olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Bu makalede hicrî 1199, milâdî 1784 tarihli bir Osmanlı arşiv belgesinden hareketle bu tarihte Hendesehâne veya Hendese Odası adıyla anılan okulda bulunan eğitim araçları ile eşyalar incelenmiştir.
Enhanced mechanical and thermal properties of fly ash-based geopolymer composites by wollastonite reinforcement
Authors: Hemra Khanthima , Kobayashi Takaomi , Aungkavattana Pavadee , Jiemsirilers Sirithan
Published: March 2022

The present study investigated the mechanical and thermal properties of geopolymer composite. The geopolymer composite was prepared by mixing fly ash and wollastonite with the alkaline activator, which was 6 M KOH:K2SiO3 in a mass ratio of 1:1 and a solid:liquid mass ratio of 3:2. The compressive strength at 28 days of geopolymer was 33.3 MPa and possessed the highest strength of 38.3 MPa when 30 wt% wollastonite was added. The flexural strength presented differently whereby it increased from 2.1 MPa to 6.8 MPa. It increased remarkably up to 200% with the addition of 50 wt% wollastonite. The geopolymer composites were exposed to high temperatures at 800℃ to 1100°C for 2 h. Cracks were reduced since 20 wt% wollastonite was added. A high percentage of wollastonite presented excellent thermal stability. The total weight loss of the geopolymer composite at temperatures of 30℃ to 1400°C was minimized. It decreased from 25% to 12% when 50 wt% wollastonite was added, and the dilatometric data resulted in a dimensional change of almost zero. The phase development of the geopolymer composites at high temperatures showed the crystallization of leucite, kalsilite, calcium silicate, calcium aluminium silicate, and calcium aluminium oxide, which were the high temperature stable phases. The results indicated that wollastonite reinforced fly ash-based geopolymer composites are promising for use in high temperature applications.
Epoxidized natural rubber/silane modified silica nanocomposites prepared in latex stage
Authors: MOOLSIN Supat , SAWANGKAN Duangkamon
Published: March 2022

Epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) was synthesized from natural rubber (NR) latex via in situ epoxidation using HCOOH and H2O2. The prepared ENR with 22 mol% epoxidation (ENR-22) was reinforced with silane modified silica (SMS) nanoparticles with different SMS loading in latex stage. The tensile properties, thermal stability, oil resistance and morphology of the ENR-22/SMS nanocomposites were investigated. The tensile strength was improved significantly and gained the maximum point at 7.5 phr SMS content. The thermogravimetric analysis showed an increased initial degradation temperature with the addition of SMS, suggesting higher thermal stability of the nanocomposites. The oil resistance of ENR-22/SMS nanocomposites in IRM 901 oil and IRM 903 oil were increased with the increasing amount of SMS content, indicating having improved oil resistance. The morphology revealed that the dispersions of SMS have been significantly improved since most of the spherical clusters of nanoparticles were individually scattered among the ENR matrix.
Protocols of improvements for PMMA denture base resin: An overview
Authors: Elshereksi Nidal W. , Kundie Fathie A. , Muchtar Andanastuti , Azhari Che H.
Published: March 2022

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is a polymer that is expansively employed in denture base construction due to its low cost, aesthetics, lightweight, reparability, and processability. Nevertheless, this material is not ideal to fulfill the mechanical and physical characteristics of dental restorations. Despite the popularity of the thermal polymerization method, the main shortcoming is the prolonged curing period. Thus, correctly selecting a polymerization cycle and post-polymerization treatment is needed to achieve promising outcomes. In autoclave polymerization, pressure plays a crucial function in accelerating the initial polymerization as well as decreasing the pores and remaining monomer level, thereby improving the flexural strength. Besides, ultrasound can speed up conventional chemical reactions by generating intensive local heating, higher pressures, and very short periods. This article reviews the currently employed protocols for enhancing PMMA denture base polymers and discusses the properties of modified acrylic materials. Moreover, this work explores the effects of the post-polymerization treatment, autoclave process, ultrasonic treatment, and gamma irradiation on the PMMA performance, as well as the positive influence of these treatments on functional properties and clinical longevity.
THE INFLUENCE OF PERSONALITY ON ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONS
Authors: Sugiyanto Sugiyanto
Published: March 2022

The role of higher education is vital in giving birth to new entrepreneurs in Indonesia. The emergence of many new entrepreneurs has an impact on the development of the country's economy. These impacts include creating jobs and increasing regional and state income. This article provides a discussion of self-personality as a predictor of entrepreneurial intention with self-efficacy as mediation. A personality is a form of character and trait, which can shape behavior. The personality dimensions used in this study are conscientiousness and openness to new experiences. This study used a sample of 210 students from several universities in the city of Surakarta, Indonesia. Data collection techniques, using a purposive sampling method. Data analysis, using path analysis with the help of Structural Equation Model (SEM). This study's findings indicate that self-efficacy mediates the effect of openness to new experiences on entrepreneurial intention. However, conscientiousness has not been shown to affect interest in entrepreneurship.
Facile one-pot synthesis of CuO nanospheres: Sensitive electrochemical determination of hydrazine in water effluents
Authors: Abdul khader Jailani N. M. , Chinnasamy M. , Gowthaman N. S. K.
Published: March 2022

Hydrazine (HZ) is massively used in several industrial applications. Adsorption of HZ through human skin creates carcinogenicity by disturbing the human organ system and thus, the quantification of HZ levels in environmental water samples is highly needed. The present work describes the short-term development of copper oxide nanospheres (CuO NS) by one-step wet chemical approach and their implementation on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the sensitive and selective quantification of the environmentally hazardous HZ. The CuO NS formation was identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-visible spectroscopy. SEM images exhibited the uniform CuO NS with an average size of 85 nm. The linker-free CuO NS modified GCE offered high electrocatalytic activity against HZ determination by showing the linear range determination in the range of 0.5 to 500 µM, with the detection limit of 63 nM (S/N=3), and sensitivity of 894.28 µA mM-1 cm-2. Further, the developed HZ sensor displayed excellent repeatability and reproducibility and was successfully exploited for the determination of HZ in real environmental samples, implying that GCE/CuO-NS is a confident and low-cost electrochemical platform for HZ determination.
Non-invasive brain stimulation in rehabilitation
Authors: Kesikburun Serdar
Published: March 2022

Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has been seen more common in rehabilitation settings. It can be used for the treatment of stroke, spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury and multiple sclerosis, as well as for some diagnostic neurophysiological measurements. Two major modalities of NIBS are transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). As an add-on therapy to conventional rehabilitative treatments, the main goal of NIBS is to create neuromodulation by inhibiting or activating neural activity in the targeted cortical region. Indications for therapeutic NIBS in neurorehabilitation are motor recovery, aphasia, neglect, dysphagia, cognitive disorders, spasticity, and central pain. The NIBS can be regarded a safe technique with appropriate patient selection and defined treatment parameters. This review provides an overview on NIBS modalities, specifically TMS and tDCS, the working mechanisms, the stimulation techniques, areas of use, neuronavigation systems and safety considerations.
Effect of task-oriented training on pain, functionality, and quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Faruk Özcelep Ömer , Üstün Işıl , Algun Z. Candan
Published: March 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study was to demonstrate additional effects of task-oriented training (TOT) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) regarding pain, dexterity, muscle strength, and ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) within five weeks.

Patients and methods: Between June 2016 and February 2018, a total of 46 female RA patients (mean age: 51.17±7.9 years; range, 29 to 68 years) who were volunteer for participating in the study were randomized into two groups as follows: conventional exercise group (Group 1) and conventional + TOT group (Group 2). The exercises of Group 1 included passive range of motion (PROM), isometric grip strength exercises, and mobilization of metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, and distal interphalangeal joints. In Group 2, in addition to conventional exercises, the patients completed an exercise program consisting of washing their faces, using forks, drinking water from a glass, sitting up, and putting on a shirt. Exercises were performed twice a week for a five-week period. Before and after the exercise programs, hand grip strength was assessed with a Jamar hand dynamometer, hand dexterity with Nine Hole Peg Test (NHPT), pain with Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and ADLs with Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and Duruöz Hand Index (DHI).

Results: There was no significant difference in NHPT and Jamar in both groups (p>0.05). Although a significant decrease was observed within the groups in VAS and HAQ scores before and after the exercise programs in both groups (p<0.05), no significant difference was found between the groups (p>0.05). The DHI showed a significant improvement in Group 2 and a significant difference was observed between the two groups (p<0.05).

Conclusion: This study shows that exercise programs may be beneficial in alleviating pain and performing daily activities. Also, adding task-oriented training to a program may facilitate ADLs in RA patients.
Impacto da Largura do Vetor de Instruções SIMD em Arquiteturas de Processamento Próximo à Memória
Authors: Santos Sairo , Alves Marco Antonio Zanata
Published: March 2022

Instruções Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) processam múltiplos elementos de dados por vez e podem ser usadas para explorar o paralelismo no acesso aos dados oferecido pelas tecnologias de memória principal. Neste trabalho, discute-se como a largura do vetor usado nessas instruções impacta o desempenho em arquiteturas de processamento próximo à memória.
MinhaHistoriaDigital: An Scalable Fog-Based Architecture for Efficient Vital Signs Monitoring over Smart Cities
Authors: Rodrigues Vinicius Facco , Righi Rodrigo da Rosa
Published: March 2022

Internet of Things (IoT) is currently present in several areas, including healthcare. IoT offers technology to track and monitor the state of patients remotely. In this context, this article presents MinhaHistoriaDigital, a scalable Fog-based solution for real-time monitoring and data processing from patients wearing wearable devices. Its main contribution is a hierarchical architecture that provides low latency response time.
Elektroninis vadovavimas darbuotojams vietos savivaldoje: koncepcinė analizė ir literatūros apžvalga
Authors: Toleikienė Rita , Juknevičienė Vita , Rybnikova Irma
Published: March 2022

Ligšioliniuose moksliniuose tyrimuose informacinių komunikacinių technologijų (IKT) naudojimas vietos savivaldos lygmeniu dažniausiai siejamas su procesais, vykstančiais tarp organizacijos ir piliečių, t. y. elektroninėmis paslaugomis ir jų teikimu. E. vadovavimo kaip e. valdžios dimensijos tyrimai, orientuoti į vidinius viešojo administravimo organizacijų veiklos procesus naudojant IKT, iki šiol sulaukė mažiau dėmesio. Ypatingai retai tyrinėtas e. vadovavimas vietos savivaldos kontekste. Nepaisant pirmųjų studijų šia tema, sisteminės e. vadovavimo koncepcijos bei praktikos savivaldybių administracijose analizės, kuri atskleistų, kaip IKT paveikia vadovavimo procesus savivaldybėse, pasigendama tiek Lietuvoje, tiek ir užsienyje. Šiame tyrime gvildenamas klausimas, kaip e. vadovavimas yra susijęs su e. valdžia, kokie yra e. vadovavimo vietos savivaldoje ypatumai, į kuriuos turėtų būti atsižvelgiama svarstant vadovavimo darbuotojams klausimus skaitmenizuojant vietos savivaldą. Tyrime, kuris remiasi mokslinės literatūros šaltinių analize, pažymima, kad skyrium nuo kitų e. valdžios dimensijų, kurios nukreiptos į išorę, t. y. į santykius su piliečiais, teikiant jiems e. paslaugas ar bendrą informaciją, įtraukiant juos į viešojo administravimo organizacijų procesus, e. vadovavimas atspindi e. valdžios dimensiją, nukreiptą į vidinius administracijos procesus, t. y. žmogiškųjų išteklių viešajame sektoriuje valdymą, kai vyksta vadovavimo skaitmenizacijos procesai. COVID-19 pandemijos laikotarpiu padidėjo e. vadovavimo reikšmė viešojo sektoriaus institucijoms. Mokslinės literatūros analizė leidžia daryti išvadą, kad e. vadovavimas vietos savivaldoje reikalauja naujų įgūdžių iš savivaldybių administracijos vadovų, efektyviai naudojant naujus komunikacijos kanalus ir platformas bei suvaldant psichologinius darbuotojams kilusius sunkumus dėl nuotolinio skaitmeninio darbo sąlygotos darbuotojų atskirties. Vietos savivaldos kontekstas betgi reikalauja, kad e. vadovavime toliau būtų prisiderinta prie institucinės aplinkos, susijusios su nacionalinės įstatyminės bazės suponuotomis galimybėmis, institucine sąranga (politiniu-administraciniu dualumu), viešojo administravimo paskirtimi operatyviai atliepti piliečių lūkesčius, užtikrinant veiksmingą organizacijų veiklą, bei ribotais organizaciniais ištekliais.
Evaluation of the Simple Sequence Repeats to Work as a Phase Variation with the Neisseria meningitidis Genome
Authors: Rahmman AL-Maeni Mohammad Abdul
Published: March 2022

Background: The most crucial mechanism of genetic variation in N. meningitidis is the slipped strand mispairing, this mechanism generates Phase variation using simple sequence repeat (SSR) and is commonly used by the N. meningitidis to escape the immune system despite its function in eradicating the pathogenic and commensal bacteria. Some of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) that located within the genome works as phase variation while other SSRs have no role in generating phase variation mechanisms. Therefore,

Aim: the main goal of the current in silico study was to detect the probability of SSR to enroll with phase variation for the entire N. meningitidis genome.

Methods: Different criteria were used to judge SSR as it works in phase variation and these criteria were taken from the current literature. These criteria involve the Z score value of the synonymous shuffling model and Markov model of SSR, the position of SSR in the gene or the promoter, instability and polymorphism of SSR in genomes of different strains, and the length of SSR.

Results: The positive Z score value of SSR, SSR being variable in length among genomes of different strains and SSR location in 3 prime end of a gene or in the promoter indicates that the SSR generates phase variation in a particular gene.

Conclusion: 67 out of 327 putative phase variable genes located on the N. meningitidis genome were determined to fit these criteria. We assume, therefore, that SSR in these genes may be connected with phase variation mechanism. We recommend that experimental evidence should be generated to confirm these findings.
Assessment of Tree Vigour Models in University of Port Harcourt Park
Authors: Eguakun F. S. , Anisiofor C. J.
Published: March 2022

Trees are the unsung heroes of the environment that requires care and maintenance so as to continue its provision of quantifiable benefits. Hence a better understanding of the physical aspect of tree mechanics would help to provide basis for the proper management of trees. The study assessed the vigour of selected trees in University of Port Harcourt Park. Data were collected from four selected tree species based on their abundance in the study area. Tree growth parameters were measured and tree vigour estimated using live crown ratio. Different regression functions were used to model tree vigour. The selected tree species used were Terminalia mantaly, Azadirachta indica, Mangifera indica and Terminalia cattapa with frequency of 214 (32.8%), 123 (18.89%), 82 (12.60%)  and 79 (12.14%) relatively. Tree growth parameters such as height, Diameter at breast height, crown variable measured showed significant correlation with tree vigour (live crown ratio). The prediction models revealed plausible regression coefficient of determination (R2) value ranging from 0.247 - 0.953 and standard Error of Estimate (SEE) ranging from 0.0003 – 6.209. From the validation test, it was observed that all the models were good in prediction. However, the double log function was selected as the best model with R2 value of 0.953 and SEE value 0f 0.0003. Conclusively the trees within the University of Port Harcourt Park are stable hence are not prone to wind throw.
Time Delay in Engagement Schedules in a Public University in Ghana
Authors: Asare Ayim Emmanuel , Addor John Awuah , Twenefour Frank B. K. , M. Baah Emmanuel
Published: March 2022

This paper aims to examine the incidence of time delays in engagement schedules on campus. The study made use of past records of time delays in starting committee meetings of five colleges at a public university in Ghana. The study relied on secondary data extracted from minute and agenda files of college meetings. The Minitab package and Microsoft Spreadsheet were used to analyse the data. The statistical techniques used in the study were Markov prosses and Steady state probability. The results revealed that the College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences consistently start their meetings on-time in the long-run with the highest probability of approximately 0.810. Meetings of the College of Education is characterized with large delays in starting times in the long-run with the highest probability of approximately 0.812. Based on the results, the paper recommends that the colleges with higher possibility of starting their meetings ten minutes late should encourage its board or committee members to be prompt in attending to meeting/schedules. Additionally, the paper suggests that the management of the university should design an effective policy to ensure a rescheduling when a meeting delays for more than an hour.
Integro-differential Equations for a Class of Delayed Renewal Risk Processes with Dependence
Authors: Song Shiyu
Published: March 2022

The Gerber-Shiu discounted penalty function is considered for a class of delayed renewal risk processes. In (Willmot 2004), special cases of the model include the stationary renewal risk model and the situation where the time until the first claim is exponentially distributed. In this paper, we consider a class of delayed and perturbed risk model with dependence between interclaim arrivals and claim sizes. The integro-differential equations for the Gerber-Shiu discounted penalty functions are derived.
Assessment of Serum Trace Element Levels of Solid Waste Scavengers in Osogbo, South-Western, Nigeria
Authors: Akindele F. B. , Olude S. S. , Adeoye A. C. , Adebisi W. N. , Iyanda A. A.
Published: March 2022

The aim of the study was to determine whether altered serum trace element status is one of the occupational hazards associated with solid waste scavenging. Having obtained informed consent, 30 male solid waste scavengers (SWS) and 30 age-matched males which served as control group were recruited for the study. Trace elements were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry from serum obtained from 5mL of blood collected from each participant. Questionnaire was administered to obtain information on lifestyles; degree of contact with waste, sites of waste scavenging, types of scavenged waste and common ailments among SWS. Statistical analysis was carried out using Student’s t test, Chi square test, and Pearson’s correlation co-efficient. The level of significance was p≤0.05. While the levels of Zn (2.91±0.92 µmol/dL) and Cu (2.20±0.47 µmol/dL ) were significantly higher, the level of Fe (0.22±0.07 mg/L) was significantly lower in SWS compared to control (2.30±0.46; 1.73±0.47; 0.37±0.09) but Mn (11.00±0.20- SWS vs 9.00±0.04 nmol/L) was not significantly different in test and control groups. Frequency of health problems among SWS were backache (90%), headache (83%), joint pain (33%), and dizziness (20%). Results of the study suggest that solid waste scavenging is associated with various ailments as well as trace element alterations. The negative impacts of altered trace element metabolism on health are diverse.
The Impact of Internal Control on Revenue Collection: The Case of Tanzania Official Seed Certification Institute (TOSCI) in Morogoro Municipality
Authors: Lukinda Juma , Tlegray John B.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of internal controls on revenue collection at TOSCI in Morogoro Municipality. The study applied mixed method approach that utilizes both qualitative and quantitative methods to obtain the required data. The qualitative data from documentary review and interview was subjected to content analysis through explicit rules of coding where by quantitative data from questionnaire was tabulated and converted into frequencies and percentages. The relationship between revenue collection and internal control was tested using regression analysis. It was found that internal control inefficiencies resulted into less revenue collection at TOSCI. This study definitely answers the question regarding correlation between internal controls and revenue collection at TOSCI in Morogoro Municipality.
Surveying for Natural Enemies of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) in Selected Parts of Zambia
Authors: Mwamba Charles , H. Sohati Philemon , Tembo Langa , Kachapulula Paul W.
Published: March 2022

Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) is a major pest of tomato for both greenhouse and field-grown. In Zambia, it was first reported in 2016 and has since caused far huge damage to the crop. Several interventions were embarked on ranging from the use of neem but chemicals have been mainly used to control the pest. The purpose of our research was to survey and identify indigenous natural enemies for T. absoluta associated with tomato in the central and Lusaka provinces of Zambia. Surveys were conducted in both in the rainy and dry seasons of 2019 in five sites and potential natural enemies collected were sent to CABI Plantwise laboratory for identification. A predatory species from the family of Miridae was found and its DNA 100% matched Nesidiocoris Tenuis (Reuter) and was later collected for rearing at the University of Zambia Insectaria. This species is reported for the first time on T. absoluta in Zambia. Nesidiocoris tenuis identification will provide a scientific basis for biological control of T. absoluta.
Phytochemicals and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Tapinathus bangwensis Leaves
Authors: Ndidiamaka H. Okorie , David N. Ifudu , Daniel L. Ajaghaku , Ibeabuchi J. Ali , Ifeanyi Eze
Published: March 2022

Background: The leaves of Tapinathus bangwensis have been used in the treatment of infectious and non-infectious diseases by the herbalist. This instigated evaluation of extract and fractions of Tapinathus bangwensis leaves for antimicrobial activity against some pathogenic organisms and identifications of the phytoconstituents.

Methods: The standard phytochemical methods and GC-MS were used to identify the phytoconstituents of extract and fractions. The antimicrobial activity was determined using agar dilution method.

Results: The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids and steroidal glycosides in the extract whereas n-hexane fraction contains terpenoids only, ethyl acetate contains flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins and n-butanol contains saponins, tannins and cardiac glycosides. The GC-MS analysis identified fatty acids, phthalic acid esters, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons in the extract and fraction. Most of the compounds identified possess antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant and cytotoxicity effects. However, the antimicrobial activity showed that Escherichia coli alone was susceptible to the extract with mics of 5 mg /ml. Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Candidiaalbicans were susceptible to the n-hexane fraction which showed good activity with MIC range of 2.5-5 mg/ml. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans were susceptible  to ethyl acetate fraction with MIC range of 2.5-5mg/ml and  Escherichia coli and Candida albicans were susceptible  to ethyl acetate fraction with MIC range of 2.5-5mg/ml and  Escherichia coli and candida albicans were susceptible to butanol fraction. with MIC range of 2.5-5mg/ml. klebsiella pneumoniae was not susceptible to the extract and any of the fractions.

Conclusion: The findings provide justification for the use of Tapinathus bangwensis leaves as antimicrobial agent. Hence, the phytochemicals if isolated can serve as a template for the development of antimicrobial agent.
Bioactive Constituents and Biochemical Assessment of Argemone mexicanna linn and Utrica dioca Leaf Extracts in Albino Rat Model
Authors: Ezinne C. Chukwu, , Kelechi U. Osuocha, , Joseph. C. Njoku,
Published: March 2022

Utrica dioca (stinging nettle) and Argemone mexicanna linn are medicinal plants used in most part of Nigeria in treatment of diseases. The present work evaluated bioactive constituents and biochemical effect of Argemone mexicanna linn and Utrica dioca extracts using male albino rat model. A total of eighteen male albino rats were used for the study. Group I served as control, Group II received 300mg/kg of Utrica dioca while Group III received 300mg/kg body weight of Argemone mexicanna linn. Preliminary phytochemical study showed the strong presence of flavoniod, tannin, saponin, alkaloid, cyanogenic glycoside and oxalate while the quantitative phytochemical and vitamin results showed high amount of these active compounds. Biochemical results from this study showed very low hepatotoxic and renal toxicity profile while the lipid profile indicates hypocholestrolemia potentials of the plants. This study suggest that even though there was low observed toxic response from intake of Utrica dioca (stinging nettle ) and Argemone mexicanna linn, proper care should be taken regarding the dose used for medicinal purposes as continuous usage at high quantity may predispose the human health.
Studies on Earliness of Bt Cotton Influenced by Moisture Conservation and Fertilizer Levels under Rainfed Condition
Authors: Pandagale A. D. , Asewar B. V. , Baig K. S. , Mirza I. A. B. , Rathod S. S.
Published: March 2022

A field experiment was conducted at Cotton Research Station, Nanded (M.S.) India during kharif season of 2019 and 2020 to study effect of moisture conservation practices and fertilizer levels on earliness of Bt cotton under rainfed condition. The trial was conducted with Bt cotton hybrid NHH 44 (BG II) in split plot design and was replicated thrice. Four moisture conservation treatments (M1- flat bed, M2- opening of furrow at 60 DAS, M3- application of superabsorbent @ 12.5 kg ha-1 and M4- broad bed and furrow) were evaluated in main plot along with four NPK levels (F1- 80:40:40 kg ha-1, F2 - 100:50:50 kg ha-1, F3 -120:60:60 kg ha-1 and F4 - 140:70:70 kg ha-1) in sub plot. The broad bed and furrow (BBF) practice of moisture conservation was found to have significantly higher seed cotton yield (1369 kg ha-1) and per cent share to the total seed cotton yield was 58.58 per cent in first picking over control. However, opening of furrow recorded more seed cotton yield (1125 kg ha-1) and its share to total yield was 47.97 per cent at second picking. Seed cotton yield in second picking was significantly increased in moisture conservation practices. The BBF was found to have earliness with respect to various indices (Bartlett’s index, combined picking and day index, fraction of first picking index, mean maturity date index and production rate index) followed by other moisture conservation practices over flat bed.

Fertilizer levels didn’t affect seed cotton yield in first picking. Higher fertilizer levels of F3 and F4 being significant over lower levels for seed cotton yield in second picking; showed delayed crop maturity based on various earliness indices.
Impact Fly Ash on Nutrient Status of Wetland Rice Cultivation
Authors: Maragatham N. , Pradipa C. , Geethalakshmi V. , Maheswari M.
Published: March 2022

The phrase, “Rice is life” aptly describes the importance of rice in food as well in nutritional security, particularly in Asian countries. Soil nutrient management in case of rice cultivation mainly focus on the major nutrient application but rice plants require high quantity of silicate and micro nutrient but the cost is not affordable. Hence, Coal combustion fly ash has a high available Si content, alkaline pH as well as micronutrient was selected as a potential source in this study and the field experiment was conducted. Abundant supply of micronutrients like Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn along with P and K was recorded in the soil samples of plot treated with fly ash when compared with the plots with NPK alone. The availability of these nutrients has resulted in increased yield. Hence this would be scaled as an economically viable solution for hidden hunger in the areas in and around thermal power plants.
Effect of Preplant Application of Post Emergent Herbicide Glyphosate on the Events of Germination, Growth and Biochemical Composition of Blackgram Seedlings
Authors: Keerthana M. , Chinnamuthu C. R. , Arthanari P. Murali , Sakthivel N. , Rajasree V. , Shanmugasundaram R.
Published: March 2022

Weed causes heavy yield loss when it competes with crops especially for light, water, nutrient and space. In crop production, weed management is a necessary operation to get a higher yield. Manual weeding operation is an easy and environmentally friendly method but it increases the cost of cultivation and makes the crop production practice a non-profitable business venture. Under this situation, the herbicide can be used as the most practical and effective alternative means of weed control. In intensive agriculture heavy use of herbicide affects the growth and biochemical composition of the crop. The objective of this study was to find out the effect of pre-plant soil application of post emergence glyphosate on the germination, growth and biochemical composition of blackgram seedlings. Results showed that glyphosate 1000 ppm did not significantly affect the germination of blackgram seeds. However, the higher concentration of 1000 ppm affects the root (1.08 cm) and shoot length (6.16 cm) compared to control (6.16 and 12.27 cm, respectively) and the lower concentration at the rate of 10 ppm enhance the root (6.26 cm) and shoot length (12.49 cm). Soluble protein content was higher in glyphosate 1000 ppm (70.60 mg g-1) compare to control (59.40 mg g-1). The finding concludes that the pre-plant application of post emergence herbicide glyphosate didn’t affect the germination. However it has reduced the root and shoot length of blackgram when applied at higher concentrations. Contrary to the higher dose the lower dose of glyphosate stimulates the growth and development of blackgram seedlings.
Plant Immunity and Potential of Plant Extracts in Management of Parasitic Nematodes
Authors: Banda Medison Milca , Galileya Medison Rudoviko , Hu Jingrong , Zhou Yi
Published: March 2022

One major challenge that agricultural production faces is the presence of plant-parasitic nematodes in crop fields. Plant-parasitic nematodes cause serious plant physical injuries, the inability of plants to acquire nutrients from the soil, and weaken the plant immune system. However, plants respond in several ways by producing hormones, anti-nematocidal proteins, repellents, nemastatic compounds, or inhibiting the feeding cell formation and development that minimize attack and injuries by the nematodes. Sometimes these mechanisms fail and therefore plant growers have to use plant management practices to prevent and suppress the presence of parasitic nematodes. The development and use of synthetic nematicides have limitations associated with costs and environmental pollution. Therefore, the use of plant extracts that contains anthelmintic compounds has proved to be successful in suppressing parasitic nematodes while maintaining environmental safety for living organisms. However, the relationship between plant immunity and the applications of plant extracts has not been well documented. It is against this background that this minireview explains the mechanism of plant immunity and the potential of plant extracts in enhancing plants to resist and suppress parasitic nematodes. The research progress and challenges of using the plant extracts have also been discussed thus creating potential areas of future research on applications of plant extracts in parasitic nematodes management. Furthermore, this minireview has recommended the use of sustainable integrated management of plant-parasitic nematodes approach.
Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria among Children Residing in Urban and Peri-urban Settlements in Rivers State
Authors: Orevaoghene Onosakponome, Evelyn , Ugochukwu Nyenke, Clement , Edache Abah, Austin , Adah Okafor Roseanne
Published: March 2022

Urban and peri-urban areas are considered to be at lower risk of malaria compared to rural areas because of improved housing, higher socioeconomic status, improved environmental sanitation, and a limited number of breeding sites for mosquitoes. Reports have shown that there is an increased prevalence of malaria in urban and peri-urban areas but it has not been established which of these areas is at risk. The aim of this study, therefore, is to determine the prevalence rate of Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection among children in urban and peri-urban areas of Rivers State. A total of 601 and 500 blood samples were collected from urban and peri-urban areas respectively and examined using standard microscopy technique for detection of malaria parasites in blood samples. From the urban area, 282 tested positive out of 601 blood samples that were examined, giving the prevalence rate of 47% while in the peri-urban settlement, a total of 210 out of 500 tested positive to Plasmodium falciparum giving the prevalence rate of 42%. When the age was considered, the highest prevalence was recorded in children between 1-3 years and 7-12 years in urban settlement while in peri-urban, the highest prevalence was recorded in children between the age of 4-6 years with a prevalence of 45% and 46% respectively. Although the prevalence rates are relatively high. There is no significant difference between the prevalence rate in urban areas and that of peri-urban areas. Conclusively, intensive efforts should be made in controlling malaria parasites not only in rural areas but also in urban and peri-urban areas in Rivers State.
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Response to Combinations of Ethalfluralin Plus S-metolachlor Applied Prior to Planting
Authors: Grichar W. James , Dotray Peter A.
Published: March 2022

Aims: Determine sesame response to ethalfluralin at 0.63, 0.84, or 1.05 kg ha-1 in combination with S-metolachlor at 1.07 or 1.42 kg ha-1 applied and incorporated prior to planting.

Study Design: Randomized complete-block with 3 replications. 

Place and Duration of Study: Studies conducted during the 2019 growing season in the Southern High Plains region of Texas near New Deal (33.5818o N, -101.7794o W) and in south Texas near Yoakum (29.2756o N, -97.1226o W).

Methodology: At New Deal, two passes (in opposite directions) using a rolling cultivator with mixing wheels was used to incorporate herbicides within one hour of application.  Mixing wheels consists of four to six spider gangs approximately 10 to 13 cm long mounted on a gang tube and set to incorporate the herbicide no greater than 2.0 cm.  At the Yoakum locations, listed bed tops were cut so that they were no greater than 7 cm tall.  At Yoakum 1, after beds were knocked down, herbicides were applied and incorporated approximately 2.0 cm deep with a similar piece of equipment as used at New Deal.  At Yoakum 2, only the mixing action of the Monosem® precision planter was used to incorporate herbicides.

Results: At Yoakum, Urochloa texana (Buckl.) control with all ethalfluralin plus S-metolachlor treatments when evaluated 31 to 39 DAP was inconsistent and varied from 62 to 95% while Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats control was 98 to 100% and Trianthema portulacastrum L. control was 81 to 99%.  At New Deal, only ethalfluralin at 0.84 kg ha-1 + S-metolachlor at 1.42 kg ha-1 did not reduce stand.  All treatments caused sesame injury when evaluated 16 and 72 days after planting; only ethalfluralin at 1.05 kg ha-1 + S-metolachlor at 1.42 kg ha-1 reduced yield.  At Yoakum, all herbicide treatments reduced yield regardless of incorporation method (mixing wheel vs planter action).
Microbial and Physicochemical Analysis of Non-sterile Pharmaceutical Liquid Products in Karachi Pakistan
Authors: Murtaza Ghulam , Khan Maqsood Ahmed , Nissa Zeb –Un , Alam Shazia , Murad Mehwish , Rizvi Mehwish , Shahnaz Saira , Ali Syed Imran , Ghayas Sana , Suri Sadia
Published: March 2022

The pharmaceutical products and their therapeutic efficacy were comprised' due to the involvement of both physicochemical and microbial characteristics of the pharmaceuticals. However, liquid preparations are highly at risk due to the high percentage of sucrose contains that is beneficial for the growth of microbes. The inspection was to find to judge the microbial and physicochemical qualities of samples of paracetamol and cetirizine sold in Karachi, Pakistan. Three hundred fifty (350) pharmaceuticals brand were investigating; their organoleptic properties such as density, color, pH, test and total content of active ingredients, total viable count, and type of microbe of samples. These tests were conducted followed by the standard techniques and procedure. Assess the brands of paracetamol and cetirizine samples were meet the standard microbial specifications. The result of the organoleptic test was sweet, according to the color sample was found green, pink, red, yellow, and transparent liquids. The density of samples fluctuated between (1.150 - 1.390) g/ml. Similarly, the pH of the samples was recorded between (4.72 - 6.10). The active ingredient concentration of both samples was observed, ranging from 99% - 104%. The microbial limit many tests were conducted for the observation; the absence of 5 specified microbes in non-sterile pharmaceutical preparation. Pseudomonas sp. Escherichia coli (E-coli), salmonella spp, Staphylococcus spp, and Candida Albicans. All the samples of paracetamol and cetirizine were found contaminated under the acceptable limit. This observation explained that the ten brands of paracetamol and cetirizine sold in the pharmacy of Karachi Pakistan were complying with specifications of pharmacopeia, about both physicochemical and microbial characteristics analyzed dosage form fit for used and acceptable for pediatric and geriatric patients.
Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) about Self-medication among Adult Population of Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ali Mohammad Daud , Ahmad Ayaz , Lewis Sharell , Kannan Latha , Sadek Faten Abdullah , Tawal Zahra Ammar Al , Ansari Md Salahuddin
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Self-medication can be described as the use of medications with therapeutic intent without prescription or supervision of the physician. The World Health Organization has considered Self- medications as one of self-care elements that comprise hygiene, nutrition, lifestyle, living condition, and income level. Self- Care is a practice that people do, to maintain wellness and prevent illness. Hence current study conducted to measure the prevalence of knowledge and attitude about self- medication practice among the communities of Eastern province, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 532 participants via an online survey. Survey questionnaire was distributed over the Social media platform.

Results: The results indicate that among the age group 15 to 25 years (43.42%) there’s a high incidence of self-medication practice. Gender comparison indicated that females demonstrated a high prevalence of self-medication than males. Analysis of information from the university graduate students indicated that self-medication was high (46.05%) related with the knowledge of the medications (68.6%). Major medicine that was being used to self-medicate was Analgesic/painkiller (80.26%). It is essential to mention that the use of antibiotic was slightly low (12%). Among the health problems that provoked self-medication, headache was the main health problem (58.83%).

Conclusion: Self-medication was found to be alarmingly high among the population of Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. So, it is imperative to increase the awareness among the population about the risk of this practice and how to practice self-medication more responsibly to avoid unwanted outcomes.
Updates in Causes, Risk Factors, Diagnosis and Management of Lichen Planus
Authors: Abanomy Samiah Abdulrahman , Alanazi Abdulaziz Saqer A. , Alabdulminaim Jehad Ahmed , Alrashidi Laila Shuqayr , Alawlah Maram Nasser
Published: March 2022

Bhutani et al. originally described a pigmented variety of lichen planus (LP) from India in 1974, and created the label LP pigmentosus (LPP) to better describe it. LPP is one of several variations of the LP gene. This skin lesion has also been reported in the Middle East, Latin America, Korea, and Japan, and is more common in those with darker skin. The most common differential diagnosis for LPP is erythema dyschromicum perstans (EDP). Fixed drug eruption, macular amyloidosis, urticaria pigmentosa, tar melanosis, frictional melanosis, berloque dermatitis, pigmented beautifying dermatitis (Reihl's melanosis), and pigmented beautifying dermatitis (Reihl's melanosis) are some of the other differences. Cutaneous LP usually clears up on its own after 1 to 2 years, thus care focuses on lowering pruritus and speeding up the healing process. First-line management for limited LP is superpotent interesting steroids (clobetasol 0.05%) twice daily for 2 to 4 weeks.

This study aims to:

1- Recognize the causes and risk factors for lichen planus

2- Correct diagnosis of lichen planus

3- Provide effective treatment for lichen planus
A Review on the Therapeutic Management of COVID-19 Associated with Thrombotic Events and Coagulopathies
Authors: Vigneswaran R. , Kumar S. R. Senthil , Venkatachalam T. , Kalaiselvi P. , Sattanathan K. , Rajaguru R. , Srinivasan N.
Published: March 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus two (SARS-CoV-2) is answerable for the coronavirus illness in 2019 (COVID-19) that chop-chop evolved from a virus in metropolis, Varied coagulopathies are rumored in association with COVID-19, together with disseminated intavasular action (DIC) sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC), native microthrombi, blood vessel occulation (VTE), blood vessels thrombotic complications and thrombo inflammation. There’s a overplus of publications and conflicting information on hematologic and astringent derangements in COVID-19 with some information suggesting the link to illness progress, severity and/or mortality. There is also growing evidence of potentially usefull clinical biomarkers to predict COVID-19 progression and illness outcomes of these, a link between blood disease and COVID-19 severity or mortality was instructed. During this opinion report, we have a tendency to examine the revealed proof of hematological and astringent laboratory derangements in COVID-19 and also the reticular SARS-CoV-2 evoked inflammation, with a focused discussion on blood platelet count alterations.
OZÔNIO COMO AGENTE ANTIMICROBIANO NA ODONTOLOGIA: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Silva Yngrid Da Cruz , Souza da Silva Antônio Gabriel , Botelho Martins Gabriela , Barletta Sanches Ana Carla , Borges de Lima Dantas Juliana , Fortuna Tila
Published: March 2022

Introdução: O ozônio (O3) é um gás formado por três átomos de oxigênio, que está presente na estratosfera, com a função de proteger os seres vivos dos raios ultravioleta. O primeiro dentista a utilizar o ozônio foi o alemão Edward Fisch, na década de 1950, para desinfecção e cicatrização de feridas durante cirurgias dentárias. Na atualidade, a ozonioterapia pode ser empregada para o tratamento de variadas doenças sistêmicas e orais. Objetivo: Revisar a literatura para analisar os efeitos antimicrobianos da ozonioterapia na odontologia. Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo realizado por meio de uma revisão de literatura. Foram utilizados artigos científicos publicados no período de 1972 a 2021, pesquisados nas bases de dados digitais PubMed, SciELO, Bireme e Google Scholar, nas línguas inglesa e portuguesa. Resultados: Selecionados 70 artigos, lidos e analisados de forma criteriosa, dos quais 47 foram os que corresponderam aos critérios de inclusão. Revisão de literatura: A ozonioterapia é um procedimento simples, com menor tempo de tratamento, minimamente invasivo e de baixo custo, possui ação antimicrobiana, analgésica, anti-inflamatória, imunoestimulante, anti-hipóxica, biossintética e bioenergética e sua utilização consolidou-se ao longo dos anos, e abrangeu a maioria das especialidades odontológicas, como: Dentística, Endodontia, Periodontia, Implantodontia e Estomatologia. Conclusões: Apesar de diversos estudos consultados apresentarem resultados positivos do emprego desta terapêutica na redução e controle da microbiota oral, a ozonioterapia ainda não pode ser considerada uma modalidade antimicrobiana complementar ou substitutiva, pois não proporciona mudanças significativas ou benefícios adicionais aos tratamentos convencionais.