bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relations of Microvascular Function, Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors, and Aortic Stiffness in Blacks: The Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Cooper Leroy L. , Musani Solomon K. , Washington Floyd , Moore Jonathan , Tripathi Avnish , Tsao Connie W. , Hamburg Naomi M. , Benjamin Emelia J. , Vasan Ramachandran S. , Mitchell Gary F. , Fox Ervin R.
Published: October 2018

Background

Blacks have more severe endothelial dysfunction and aortic stiffening as compared with whites. We aimed to investigate the association between aortic stiffness and microvascular function in the black community.

Methods and Results

We assessed the association between forearm vascular reactive hyperemia (an indicator of microvascular function) and aortic stiffness in 1458 black participants (N=965 [66% women]; mean age: 66±11 years) in the Jackson Heart Study. We evaluated 2 measures of aortic stiffness: brachial pulse pressure and carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity. Using high‐resolution ultrasound and Doppler, we evaluated brachial blood flow at baseline and during reactive hyperemia after 5 minutes of forearm ischemia. Multiple cardiovascular risk factors were significantly related to baseline and hyperemic brachial flow velocity. Women had lower baseline flow across the entire age spectrum. During hyperemia, we observed a significant age‐sex interaction for flow velocity (
P
=0.02). Female sex was protective against microvascular dysfunction among younger participants, but older women exhibited a greater attenuation of the hyperemic flow reserve. In multivariable models that adjusted for cardiovascular disease risk factors and mean arterial pressure, higher carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (β=−0.106±0.033;
P
=0.001 was related to lower baseline flow. However, during reactive hyperemia, elevated brachial pulse pressure (β=−0.070±0.031;
P
=0.03) and carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (β=−0.128±0.030;
P
<0.001) were both related to attenuated brachial flow velocity.

Conclusions

In a sample of blacks, higher aortic stiffness and pressure pulsatility were associated with lower flow reserve during reactive hyperemia, beyond changes attributable to traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors alone.
Optimal Application of Fractional Flow Reserve to Assess Serial Coronary Artery Disease: A 3D‐Printed Experimental Study With Clinical Validation
Authors: Modi Bhavik N. , Ryan Matthew , Chattersingh Anjalee , Eruslanova Kseniia , Ellis Howard , Gaddum Nicholas , Lee Jack , Clapp Brian , Chowienczyk Phil , Perera Divaka
Published: October 2018

Background

Assessing the physiological significance of stenoses with coexistent serial disease is prone to error. We aimed to use 3‐dimensional‐printing to characterize serial stenosis interplay and to derive and validate a mathematical solution to predict true stenosis significance in serial disease.

Methods and Results

Fifty‐two 3‐dimensional‐printed serial disease phantoms were physiologically assessed by pressure‐wire pullback (Δ
FFR
app
) and compared with phantoms with the stenosis in isolation (Δ
FFR
true
). Mathematical models to minimize error in predicting
FFR
true
, the
FFR
in the vessel where the stenosis is present in isolation, were subsequently developed using 32 phantoms and validated in another 20 and also a clinical cohort of 30 patients with serial disease. Δ
FFR
app
underestimated Δ
FFR
true
in 88% of phantoms, with underestimation proportional to total
FFR
. Discrepancy as a proportion of Δ
FFR
true
was 17.1% (absolute difference 0.036±0.048), which improved to 2.9% (0.006±0.023) using our model. In the clinical cohort, discrepancy was 38.5% (0.05±0.04) with 13.3% of stenoses misclassified (using
FFR
<0.8 threshold). Using mathematical correction, this improved to 15.4% (0.02±0.03), with the proportion of misclassified stenoses falling to 6.7%.

Conclusions

Individual stenoses are considerably underestimated in serial disease, proportional to total
FFR
. We have shown within in vitro and clinical cohorts that this error is significantly improved using a mathematical correction model, incorporating routinely available pressure‐wire pullback data.
YÜKSEKÖĞRETİMDE GİRİŞİMCİLİK EĞİTİMİ VE ÇIKTI OLARAK GİRİŞİMCİLİK FARKINDALIĞININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Aydemir Sibel
Published: October 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı; Yükseköğretim kurumlarında girişimcilik eğitimi alan öğrencilerin, ders öncesi ve ders sonrası girişimcilik düzeylerinin saptanması, bu düzeyler arasında anlamlı bir farkındalığın olup olmadığının incelenmesi ve öğrencilerin girişimcilik ruhunun demografik ve çeşitli faktörlere göre anlamlı bir farklılık gösterip göstermediğinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaca bağlı olarak X üniversitesine bağlı bir Meslek Yüksekokulu’nda aktif olarak öğrenim gören 123 öğrenciden anket yöntemiyle veri elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu veriler SPSS programı ile değerlendirilmiş, güvenilirlik, Paired Sample T testi, Mann-Whitney U testi ve Kruskal Wallis H testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen analizleri sonucunda; öğrencilerin girişimcilik dersini aldıktan sonraki girişimcilik ruhu düzeyinin, girişimcilik dersini almadan önceki girişimcilik ruhu düzeyine göre istatistikî olarak anlamlı bir farklılık gösterdiği, girişimcilik eğimi sonrasında öğrencilerin girişimcilik ruhunun arttığı ve gerçekleştirilen girişimcilik eğitiminin yüksek düzeyde başarı sağladığı saptanmıştır. Farklılık analizleri sonucunda, erkek öğrencilerde kadın öğrencilere göre girişimcilik ruhunun daha yoğun olduğu, bir işletmeyi yönetebilecek sorumluluk alabileceğini ifade eden öğrencilerde girişimcilik ruhunun daha baskın olduğu, ileride özel sektörde çalışmak isteyen öğrencilerde girişimcilik ruhunun daha yüksek olduğu ve daha önce KOSGEB hakkında bilgisi olan öğrencilerde girişimcilik ruhunun daha yoğun olduğu belirlenmiştir.
ORTADOĞU'DA MEYDANA GELEN HALK AYAKLANMALARININ TÜRKİYE'NİN EKONOMİK GÜVENLİĞİNE OLAN ETKİLERİ
Authors: PINAR Latif
Published: October 2018

Soğuk Savaş döneminin sona ermesinin hemen ardından küresel
güçler, enerji ve hammadde temini ile ürettikleri ürünleri satacak pazarlar
bulma konusunda sorun yaşayabileceklerine yönelik derin bir endişeye
kapılmışlardır. Söz konusu endişe, endüstrileşmiş ülkelerin zengin yer altı
kaynaklarına ve büyük bir iktisadi potansiyele sahip olan Ortadoğu'ya yönelmelerine
ve burayı geniş kapsamlı krizlerin meydana geldiği kaotik bir alana
çevirmelerine yol açmıştır. Bu durum Ortadoğulu halkların içerisinde
bulundukları kötü koşulları sorgulamaya başlamalarına ve bu kötü koşulların
temelinde kendilerini yöneten otoriter rejimlerin tutum ve davranışlarının
yatmakta olduğu hissiyatına kapılarak onlara karşı ayaklanmalarına neden
olmuştur. Bu çalışma, Ortadoğu'da yaşanan halk ayaklanmalarının Türkiye'nin
ekonomik güvenliğine olan etkilerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
PROXY WARS IN SYRIA AND A NEW BALANCE OF POWER IN THE MIDDLE EAST
Authors: YAZICI Hanefi
Published: October 2018

This article aims to analyze the proxy wars in Syria to find out whether these proxy wars create a New Balance of Power in the Middle East or not. The US, Russia, Turkey and Iran are trying to focus on their interests in the region. The Russian-American war appeared as proxy war in Syria and both sides use the Cold War methods. Iran and Russia support the Assad regime and they provide heavy weapons. The article is a product of a review of the literature on the Syrian crisis and a number of books are analyzed throughout the process of the article. The main part of this article constitutes the analyses from these books therefore the Internet has been of great use in accessing the related topics. In this context, the article has been prepared by an inductive method from the specific to the general. Thus, a holistic study has been conducted through an eclectic method. The aim of this study is to contribute to the literature by bringing up this issue to the agenda.
Unapologetically black: Seven questions and poems that explore how race performs in clinical practice
Authors: Williams Britton M.
Published: October 2018

This article explores the performance of race and racism in clinical practice. Poetry in this piece is used as a vehicle to grapple with seven questions related to race within treatment spaces. This autoethnographic exploration focuses on narratives of clients and clinicians of colour that this writer has encountered or experienced either directly or indirectly.
Political openings in Developmental Transformations: Performing an ambivalent love letter
Authors: Mayor Christine
Published: October 2018

This article is a performative exploration of Developmental Transformations’ (DvT) potential as a political practice of resistance and imagining the world in which we want to live. Following a review of the literature on DvT and social justice, this article employs a radical performative methodology, which attempts to embody in its form the principles of DvT practice and the carnivalesque. This writing style aims to disrupt and engage the reader, point to how knowledge is produced through the status quo of academic writing, and to spark the creative impulses that drive many to drama therapy in the first place. This article attempts to articulate ways in which DvT might allow us to engage with complexities of social justice, power, and inequities within an aesthetic, relational frame. It also points to the complexities and failings of attempting to deploy DvT, or any drama therapy practice, within political or social justice frameworks. The article does not attempt to resolve these tensions for the reader.
Performance Review
Authors: Price-Dennehy Morgan R.
Published: October 2018

Trans Scripts, Part I: The Women, Paul Lucas, Cambridge MA, USA (2017)
Book Review
Authors: Wood Shea M.
Published: October 2018

The Self in Performance: Autobiographical, Self-Revelatory, and Autoethnographic Forms of Therapeutic Theatre, Susana Pendzik, Renee Emunah and David R. Johnson (eds) (2016) New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 271 pp., ISBN: 9781137535931, h/bk, $99.99
Using the revised Bloom’s taxonomy to reflect on the teaching of the Japanese language through ‘manga’ and anime
Authors: Armour William S. , Iida Sumiko
Published: October 2018

This article is a reflective analysis of student course outlines in which ‘manga’ and anime were the major contributors of Japanese language input. By using the revised Bloom’s taxonomy to analyse the transition of teaching these courses, we are able to locate this article into the scholarship of learning and teaching. The analysis revealed how the teaching processes employed by the two teachers involved impacted course design and pedagogy. The analysis also revealed the reasons for these processes. The article concludes by providing several suggestions to teachers who plan to use either anime and/or ‘manga’ in their Japanese language classrooms. We recommend that a backward design process be adopted, in which the students themselves create their own method or methods for learning Japanese.
‘Loving nation’ and ‘subjugated nation’: Popular narratives of the nation in early twentieth-century Shanghai
Authors: Mao Peijie
Published: October 2018

This article examines the nationalist discourse in Shanghai popular print media during the late Qing and the early Republican period, focusing on the literary representation and imagination of ‘loving nation’ (aiguo) and ‘subjugated nation’ (wangguo) in popular fiction. It discusses the popular nationalism through ‘patriotic stories’ (aiguo xiaoshuo), a fiction genre promoted by Shanghai popular media in the 1910s, which, on the one hand, responded to the external plights of the newly established Republic of China, while on the other shaped the popular imagination of a new national identity and modern nation state. I argue that ‘patriotic stories’ contributed to this national imaginary through a discovery of sentimentality, female emotionality and an increasing fancy of the ‘other’, while simultaneously producing the competing narratives of romantic love and patriotic feelings, and private and public realms. This sentimental narrative was also inextricably interwoven with the narratives of trauma and humiliation, and an imagination of wangguo in popular fiction. Viewing patriotism as a cultural production constructed through memory, imagination and reinterpretation, I suggest that the popular imagination of nation generated a hybrid and uniquely powerful mode of nationalistic narrative, one conjoining sentimentalism, patriotism and commercial interests in early twentieth-century China.
Paul Auster’s Oracle Night: The writing of a literary space
Authors: Álvarez María Laura Arce
Published: October 2018

This article analyses Paul Auster’s novel Oracle Night as the fictionalization of the creation of a literary space. Focusing on the figure of the writer and the creative act, the novel structures in a succession of different fictional layers that overlap and reflect on each other. In this sense, the novel becomes a novel within different short fictions that illustrate the process of writing. The construction of a literary space is compared to Maurice Blanchot’s theory of literature in the context of an intertextual influence between Paul Auster and Maurice Blanchot.
Preservation Park and themescape economics in Oakland, California
Authors: Sikand-Youngs Nathaniel
Published: October 2018

Preservation Park is a site in downtown Oakland, California, where original houses from the late nineteenth century have been restored in a re-creation of a period neighbourhood. This article begins by framing the site as a themed environment, or ‘themescape’, in which the act of historical preservation is undermined by various modern interventions that fabricate the past, such as the relocation of many of the houses from their original locations and the addition of idealized faux-Victorian details. Using the Developer’s Guideline, the principal text in the design of the site and contemporaneous city planning documents, the article identifies how the artificial reproduction of Victorian Oakland was intended to increase investment and reverse economic decline in the city centre. Drawing on theories of tourism and gentrification, the article analyses the design and theming of Preservation Park as economic devices and aesthetic entities that restrict movement, create a visual experience and use various signifiers of private space to make the site exclusive and valuable. These readings are then employed to contextualize the site’s racial and social history, leading to a discussion of the relationship between the economic objectives, the theming and the actual usage of Preservation Park and similar sites.
Process and experience: Theory and practice considered from an art-researcher/educator’s perspective
Authors: Croft Michael
Published: October 2018

The article discusses three projects of artwork. The first two projects are the author’s own and that of a 2015–16 fourth-year BFA advisee student concerning the question of relationship between visual/material process and one’s sentient experience. From a researcher/educator’s point of view, the process philosophy of A. N. Whitehead is considered in relation to the student’s work and aspects of the metapsychological theory of Lacan form the basis of consideration of the author’s work. Whitehead’s theory has a generative role in the article. Such theory provides articulation of the process of feeling and is cited in relation to an art-educational methodology for conducting projects. The artwork of a 2017 advisee student is then discussed in illustration of a point concerning time in the Lacanian context, as well as providing another example of the methodology in practice. The author explains his own artwork in support of an idea that links it with each of the students’ concerns, where the process preferences the developmental ambiguity of practice-based research. The article may be of relevance to art and design educators and their students working at the intersection of theory and practice.
Reflective sketchbook journals for art education students in Thailand
Authors: Sangvanich Khanobbhorn , Chinokul Sumalee
Published: October 2018

This study examines the use of a reflective sketchbook journal (RSJ). The research focuses on developing self-learning habits by using journals for academic observation and applying theory to practice. Data were collected in mixed-methods from 12 third-year undergraduate art education students in Thailand. Results found that students were effective in observation, comparison and analysis of philosophies of different schools – from art activities, to the physical layout and scheduling of those places visited. The sketchbook aided reflective thinking and utilized many art techniques, highlighting the relationships between content, application of theories, diagramming and mind mapping. Approximately 75 per cent of the experimental group described the content and applied theories in text format and sketches. In addition, students reflected that jotting down content with personal words enhanced their ability for remembering, understanding and applying knowledge. However, some students believed that the RSJ is an important and useful tool that they intended to use again in other disciplines.
Reconsidering the purposes of art education: Insights from a 2014 questionnaire in Chile
Authors: Errázuriz Luis Hernán , Marini Guillermo , Urrutia Isidora
Published: October 2018

The main objective of this article is to describe and analyse the importance that elementary teachers attribute to diverse purposes of art education based on an investigation carried out during 2014, in the Los Lagos Region, located in southern Chile. First, the article illustrates some considerations of the aims of art education. Then, it presents the methodology used in the investigation. Next, two tables are discussed: one on the importance that teachers assign to purposes according to the school’s administrative dependence (public, subsidized and private) and the other related to the importance that teachers attribute to purposes by zone, province and type of art teacher. Finally, the article concludes by identifying some findings that may be significant for teachers, school authorities and teacher education institutions.
Studio conversations
Authors: Shields Alison
Published: October 2018

In 2014, I embarked on a cross-Canada journey, visiting artists in their studios. Through interviews with artists and photograph documentation of the studios, I sought to understand the creative processes that occur within these spaces through art making. This visual essay draws from metaphors used by artists to describe a studio alongside photographs that I took to reveal my visual exploration of the space and my visual analysis and interpretation of the metaphors. Through the use of these metaphors alongside the photographs, I propose that a studio is more than a room, but rather a way of thinking. Furthermore, I reflect on how we might embrace these metaphors to imagine ways of fostering a creative educational space.
Book Reviews
Authors: Din Herminia , Stokrocki Mary , Kenning Dean
Published: October 2018

Relate North: Culture, Community and Communication, Timo Jokela and Glen Coutts (eds) (2017) Rovaniemi: Lapland University Press, 184 pp., ISBN: 9789523109599, p/bk, €29

Life at the End of Life: Finding Words Beyond Words, Marcia Brennan (2017) Bristol and Chicago, IL: Intellect, 236 pp., ISBN: 9781783206971, p/bk, $35.50 USD

Who Runs the Artworld: Money, Power and Ethics, Brad Buckley and John Conomos (eds) (2017) Oxfordshire: Libri Publishing, 272 pp., ISBN: 9781911450139, p/bk, £25.00
A qualidade de vida em unidades rurais planejadas pela permacultura avaliada com base no MESMIS
Authors: Paiter Leila Lessandra , Santos Leticia Dos , Venturi Marcelo , Nanni Arthur Schmidt
Published: October 2018

Este artigo apresenta um estudo de caso realizado pelo Projeto Terra Permanente, que teve como objetivo avaliar se houve melhoria na qualidade de vida de agricultores/as da grande Florianópolis a partir da adoção dos princípios da permacultura como forma de manejo em suas unidades familiares de produção (UFP). Para avaliar a qualidade de vida antes, durante e após o curso de planejamento em permacultura (PDC, do inglês Permaculture Design Course), foram acompanhadas quatro UFP ao longo de dois anos. Foi utilizada como referência metodológica o "Marco para a Avaliação de Sistemas de Manejo Incorporando Indicadores de Sustentabilidade” – MESMIS - com adaptações necessárias às éticas e princípios da permacultura gerando uma metodologia personalizada aqui proposta como “MESMIS permacultural”. Os resultados obtidos indicam que além de melhorias na qualidade de vida dos integrantes das UFP, a metodologia “MESMIS permacultural” apresenta potencial para ser aplicada em outras pesquisas cujo enfoque precise abordar os princípios da permacultura.
Riscos de impactos ambientais proveniente da deposição irregular de Resíduos da Construção Civil em bacias hidrográficas da Região Metropolitana do Recife
Authors: Paz Diogo , Lafayette Kalinny , Sobral Maria do Carmo , Holanda Maria Júlia , Ximenes Tiana
Published: October 2018

A deposição irregular dos Resíduos da Construção Civil (RCC) ocasiona uma série de impactos ambientais nos recursos hídricos como problemas à saúde, poluição das águas e do solo, e danos estéticos às cidades. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo mapear os pontos de deposição irregular de RCC na Região Metropolitana do Recife (RMR) e avaliar os impactos ambientais que os mesmos ocasionam nas bacias hidrográficas Para a identificação das áreas foram realizadas incursões a 7 municípios da RMR, onde foram mapeados os pontos de deposição, sendo posteriormente plotados no software Google Earth. Após a coleta dos dados, foram identificados 1252 pontos, os quais foram divididos em classes de risco para analisar quais áreas possuem um maior risco de ocasionar impactos ambientais. Verificou-se que a bacia Grupos Litorâneos 1 (GL1) apresenta mais áreas de alto impacto ambiental, e que a bacia do Capibaribe possui a maior quantidade de pontos de deposição irregular. Apenas dois pontos possuem impacto ambiental muito alto, um localizado no município do Cabo de Santo Agostinho, e outro no município de Olinda. Conclui-se que há uma grande necessidade de implantação de um plano integrado de gerenciamento dos RCC na RMR, como também de maior fiscalização por parte dos comitês de bacia.
Análise hidroquimíca e da aplicação de diferentes métodos de avaliação da qualidade da água subterrânea em aquíferos costeiros em Osório – RS
Authors: Paim Rosana Alves , Reginato Pedro Antonio Roehe , Michalski Elias Zientarski , Lanzer Rosane Maria , Dutra Tuane De Oliveira
Published: October 2018

Este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar a qualidade da água subterrânea de poços ponteira, que captam água de aquíferos livres na região de Osório (RS), e avaliar a aplicação de diferentes índices de qualidade da água subterrânea. Para o desenvolvimento do estudo foi realizada a coleta de amostras de água subterrânea em 15 poços ponteira, a interpretação de dados físico-químicos e bacteriológicos, e a aplicação de índices de avaliação da qualidade da água. A análise dos resultados indicou que as águas subterrâneas da região, na sua maioria, apresentam baixas concentrações para os principais cátions e ânions, e baixos valores de pH e condutividade elétrica. A comparação dos resultados das análises com os Valores Máximos Permitidos da portaria do Ministério da Saúde Nº 2914/11 indicou a ocorrência de problemas de qualidade, em 14 poços, provocadas por alterações em diferentes parâmetros, como: pH, amônia, ferro, cor, alumínio, manganês, turbidez, Coliformes Totais e E.coli. A aplicação do Índice de Qualidade da Água Subterrânea indicou a ocorrência de 4 poços com águas de péssima qualidade, 2 de boa qualidade e 9 de ótima qualidade. O cálculo do Índice Relativo de Risco evidenciou a ocorrência de 4 poços que apresentaram valores mais elevados. A Avaliação de Risco à Saúde indicou a ocorrência de 2 poços que apresentaram risco não carcinogênico. A análise da aplicação de diferentes índices demonstrou a existência de uma discrepância nos resultados, visto que para aplicação de cada um dos índices são utilizados diferentes parâmetros. Assim, em estudos de avaliação de qualidade da água subterrânea, devem ser utilizados mais de um tipo de índice, para que seja possível identificar e avaliar com maior precisão, as alterações de quali-dade desse recurso hídrico.
Implicações da nova Gestão Pública para a educação: Análise comparativa entre Brasil e Angola
Authors: Scaff Elisangela Alves da Silva , Souza Kellcia Rezende , Paxe Isaac
Published: October 2018

É proposta deste artigo analisar a configuração da Nova Gestão Pública no campo educacional em Angola e Brasil no período de 1988 a 2017. A pesquisa que fundamenta este texto tem abordagem qualitativa e foi realizada a partir de levantamento bibliográfico e documental. Para compreensão do fenômeno investigado, a partir de um olhar multifocal, optamos pela referência do estudo comparado como o norteador do presente estudo. Compreendemos que as orientações e prescrições do campo econômico e as mudanças no âmbito político são contextos que devem ser considerados nas reformas educacionais em curso no Brasil e em Angola, uma vez que essas incidem diretamente nos modelos de gestão das esferas públicas. Abstrair a dimensão do contexto desses dois países lusófonos permite identificar as aproximações e distanciamentos entre ambos os países e, também, descortinar as confluências e divergências do contexto político, social e econômico, cuja realidade carece de investigações.
Corporações privadas na educação superior brasileira: Implicações das novas práticas organizacionais
Authors: Santos Aline Veiga dos , Guimarães-Iosif Ranilce , Chaves Vera Lúcia Jacob
Published: October 2018

Este artigo objetivou analisar as implicações da adoção do modelo de governança corporativa nos grupos educacionais brasileiros com ações na bolsa de valores e como essa forma de gestão afeta o trabalho docente. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, que adotou uma perspectiva crítica. Os dados foram tratados à luz da análise de conteúdo. Constatou-se que a governança corporativa apresenta uma conjuntura complexa, emergindo na arena educacional com o intuito de auxiliar os proprietários de instituições de ensino superior privadas na acumulação do capital. A inserção de novas práticas organizacionais visa aumentar as margens de lucro com menos investimento e em um curto período. No entanto, esse caminho para o crescimento tem implicações diretas na vida profissional e pessoal do docente, uma vez que está vinculado à superexploração do trabalhador, à redução salarial e ao número crescente de demissões ao término de cada semestre letivo. Dessa feita, os docentes passaram a atuar em um ambiente de instabilidade e opressão.
Avaliações externas e o Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica no contexto da Nova Gestão Pública: Uma análise do programa Escola de Gestores na Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto sob a perspectiva dos agentes de base em educação
Authors: De Oliveira Breynner Ricardo , Pena Maria Tereza da Silva
Published: October 2018

Este artigo analisa as percepções dos professores atendidos pelo Programa Escola de Gestores na Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto em relação às avaliações externas e o Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (Ideb). Os professores e membros da equipe de gestão da escola são os agentes públicos de base que traduzem e implementam as políticas públicas desenhadas no nível estratégico pelos diversos governos. Para o caso do Ideb, compreender como esses sujeitos agem e como pensam é importante a fim de desvendar como as avaliações externas têm sido processadas nas escolas e quais possíveis desdobramentos são ali produzidos. A literatura revela que tal indicador tem promovido mudanças na dinâmica cotidiana escolar e no nível das secretarias de educação, muitas vezes impulsionadas por ações de responsabilização em um contexto de políticas públicas de um estado gerencialista. Nesta pesquisa foram realizadas dezesseis entrevistas em oito escolas públicas com a equipe de gestão nos municípios de Mariana, Ouro Preto, João Monlevade e Itabira (Minas Gerais). A análise revelou que as avaliações externas e o Ideb causam um efeito indução na escola, promovendo a vinculação dos professores em relação ao projeto pedagógico, aumento do número de reuniões pedagógicas e uma preocupação com o planejamento curricular. As entrevistas também revelaram que tais movimentos dependem do perfil das lideranças escolares. O envolvimento das equipes de gestão é um aspecto central para que os profissionais que nelas atuam se comprometam nesse processo. Por outro lado, as entrevistas evidenciaram que o Ideb tornou-se um instrumento regulatório das políticas avaliativas educacionais, voltado para a mensuração de resultados, o que contribui para a geração de um mal estar entre os profissionais e as escolas, revelando práticas sutis e naturalizadas de accountability.
Políticas de administração e gestão em países da Lusofonia: Perspectivas críticas sobre a Nova Gestão Pública e a pós-burocracia em educação
Authors: Afonso Almerindo Janela , Lunardi Mendes Geovana Mendonça
Published: October 2018

Nas últimas décadas, ganhou centralidade a chamada Nova Gestão Pública/New Public Management que se tem traduzido, entre outras formas, pela incorporação e implementação de princípios de racionalidade empresarial e de gestão privada nas instituições e organizações públicas. Muitas reformas setoriais seguiram esses princípios, alguns dos quais foram concretizados na redefinição do papel do Estado e em alterações nos procedimentos da administração pública, tendo também induzido outras mudanças nos modos de regulação social em contexto de internacionalização crescente do capitalismo. Na sequência destas mudanças, a obsessão (frequentemente mais retórica do que real) com a eficácia e eficiência do Estado passou também a ser entendida no quadro de uma racionalidade pós-burocrática. Esta nova racionalidade foi, no entanto, pouco accionada nos textos que se seguem, tal como aconteceu com a da hiperburocracia—ao contrário do que era desejo dos editores deste dossiê. Esta constatação não deixa, de algum modo, de revelar que a ideologia da Nova Gestão Pública é ainda o referente hegemónico no campo da pesquisa e reflexão das ciências sociais e das ciências da educação. Ainda assim, do nosso ponto de vista, o que é mais notório nas contribuições que se seguem é que muitas das promessas das diferentes versões da ideologia da Nova Gestão Pública, ou não foram cumpridas, ou foram-no apenas parcialmente, sendo uma das críticas mais contundentes a esta ideologia aquela que se pode traduzir na ideia de que administrar é muito diferente de governar. Em síntese, o  Dossiê aqui apresentado, objetiva, entre outros aspectos e em diferentes contextos nacionais da lusofonia, analisar reformas e políticas públicas de educação (com dominância em dimensões da administração e gestão, avaliação e accountability, privatização e mercadorização) que, implícita ou explicitamente, assumem, em graus muitos diversos de aprofundamento crítico e/ou de sustentação teórico-conceptual e empírica,  alguns dos  pressupostos atrás referenciados, os quais os/as autores/as entenderam priorizar.
Oxidation Behaviour of Welded ASTM-SA210 GrA1 Boiler Tube Steels under Cyclic Conditions at 900°C in Air
Authors: Kumar Ravindra , Tewari V. K. , Prakash Satya
Published: October 2018

ASTM-SA210-Grade A1 boiler tube steels were welded by shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) and tungsten inert gas processes. The oxidation behaviour of the welded steels was evaluated under cyclic conditions at 900°C. Visual observations and thermogravimetric data were measured at the end of each cycle. Finally, the scale was analysed using X-ray Diffraction, Scanning-Electron Microscopy/Energy-Dispersive X-Ray studies. A SEM Back scattered image analysis of the cross-section of the oxide scale thickness has been made to measure the oxide scales formed over the welded steels. SMAW welded steel showed the more oxidation rate (in terms of weight gain) as compared to TIG welded at the test temperature of 900°C and it was due to the formation of more cracks in oxide scale, and a thick oxide scale was found on HAZ and weld region.
Language, Translation, and Commentary in Cuneiform Scribal Practice
Authors: Crisostomo C. Jay
Published: October 2018

Cuneiform scholarly practices systematized an exploration of meaning potential. In cuneiform scholarship, knowledge making emerged from multiple scribal practices, most notably list-making, analogical reasoning, and translation. The present paper demonstrates how multilingualism stands at the core of cuneiform scholarly inquiry, enabling hermeneutical exploration of possibility and potential. Cuneiform scholarly practices of translation and analogical hermeneutics coupled with an understanding of the cuneiform writing system constituted a system analogous to the medieval artes grammaticae.
An Exemplificational Critique of Violence: Re-Reading the Old Babylonian EpicInūma ilū awīlum(a.k.a.Epic of Atramḫasīs)
Authors: Gabriel Gösta Ingvar
Published: October 2018

The article approaches the mythical epicInūma ilū awīlumwith respect to its narrative structure and procedure. Within this framework, it investigates the ideas pertaining to the nature of violence that is communicated through the sequence of events within the poem. The mode chosen to inform the epic’s reader is understood asnarrative exemplification, being an equivalent to the demonstration of general principles through representative examples that can often be found in other epistemic contexts in ancient Mesopotamia, e. g. in mathematics or divination. Thus, the paper not only reconstructs a specific concept of violence but also elaborates on the more general question of whether and how these intellectual means might represent some form of a Babylonianphilosophy.
“Mending Wall” and Negligence: How a Poem can Inform the Common Law
Authors: Thumma Samuel A.
Published: October 2018

Using selected lines from Robert Frost’s poem Mending Wall, this essay seeks to show how the poem can inform the common law of negligence.

Best known for its line “good fences make good neighbors,” Mending Wall involves a narrator recounting his relationship with a neighbor, and the neighbor’s calm persistence that a good boundary wall makes good neighbors. The poem describes how and why, each spring, they walk together to fix a rock wall that is the common boundary of their property. This essay seeks to make the case for how Mending Wall also can inform the common law of negligence.

After a discussion of how the author came to write the piece, the essay briefly discusses the context for, and some commentary about, Mending Wall, with the poem included in the Appendix. The essay then provides seven examples of how selected lines from Mending Wall can inform the common law of negligence. Starting with the adage that good fences make good neighbors, the examples help demonstrate when a legal fence needs to be solid and unyielding in delineating the elements of a prima facie negligence claim; when a fence provides an outer boundary for a negligence claim and when a fence is a boundary excluding a negligence claim; when a fence is not needed to define the boundary between types of remedies; how a fence implies a division of labor in what a judge decides and what a jury decides; that the outlier case can try to pull down a fence and, finally, how gaps in a fence are the grist for the mill that is the common law.

The essay seeks to show that Mending Wall can be used to help inform the common law of negligence, in certain respects when viewed in a certain way. It does so, the essay suggests, episodically. It provides glimpses and clues, not comprehensive directives, and offers general targets to focus on in the study of common law negligence.

Viewed in a concrete way, Mending Wall is about neighbors fixing a stone wall they share on a cold, early spring day. But it is much more than that. In these ways, as the essay suggests, Mending Wall can inform the common law of negligence.
A Genuine Islamic Conceptualization of Religious Freedom
Authors: Badri Farhood
Published: October 2018

Departing from a critical norm research perspective, the paper first sketches the need to unveil the Eurocentric and secular bias of International Relations (IR) as a discipline in general and its constructivist norm research program in particular. With regard to human rights norms, and religious freedom in particular, the dominant liberal-secular international human rights law understanding of religious freedom marginalizes religious, and especially, Islamic grounds and understandings of this truly global norm. Indeed, it demonstrates both, the dominant ideational perspective of religious freedom as a Western human right grounded by Western-canonical thinkers, and the limits of accommodating religion and religious voices in IR. In contrast, and against the background of a post-secular IR, the paper seeks to unveil alternative and marginalized bodies of Islamic knowledge for the sake of a more comprehensive picture to be painted by IR. By reconstructing reformist Islamic thought and Islamic ideational perspectives and conceptualizations of religious freedom, the paper seeks to let these voices speak for themselves as truly genuine Islamic contributions to IR. The overall aim is threefold: to theoretically connect critical norm research and post-secular approaches with reformist Islamic thought by conceptualizingijtihadas religious norm contestation; to unveil the double marginalized character of critical Muslim voices in IR; and finally to paint a broader and more comprehensive picture of Islam and IR by revealing an alternative Islamic genealogy of universal religious freedom.
Aliran Psikoanalisis Dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: Husna Faiqatul
Published: October 2018

Abstract: Humans are the most perfect creatures of God among all beings on this earth. Humans have more problems faced by other creatures in living life, both from social contact and so on. Therefore, some of the many people are scientists doing various ways to find solutions to these problems. Finally, psychology was born which discussed the human psyche. Psychology has a variety of sciences. One of them is developmental psychology. Developmental psychology is a branch of psychology that discusses human psychological development from prenatal to near death. On this occasion will examine and understand one of the schools of psychology, namely the flow of psychoanalysis. In addition to studying the scope of psychoanalysis and its relation to Islamic psychology.Keywords: Psychology, Psychoanalysis, Islamic Perspective. Abstrak:Manusia adalah makhluk ciptaan Allah yang paling sempurna di antara seluruh makhluk di muka bumi ini. Manusia memiliki lebih banyak masalah yang dihadapi dibandingkan makhluk lain dalam menjalani kehidupan, baik dari kontak sosial dan lain sebagainya. Maka dari itu, beberapa orang dari sekian banyak manusia itu yakni para ilmuan melakukan berbagai cara untuk mencari pemecahan masalah tersebut. Akhirnya, lahirlah ilmu psikologi yang membahas tentang kejiwaan manusia. Psikologi memiliki berbagai macam ilmu. Salah satu di antaranya adalah psikologi perkembangan. Psikologi perkembangan merupakan suatu cabang ilmu psikologi yang membahas tentang perkembangan kejiwaan manusia dari prenatal sampai hampir meninggal. Pada kesempatan ini akan mengkaji dan memahami salah satu aliran psikologi yaitu aliran psikoanalisis. Selain dikaji ruang lingkup psikoanalisis serta kaitannya dengan psikologi islam.Kata Kunci: Aliran psikologi, Psikoanalisis, Perspektif Islam.
Sistem Waris Dalam Perspektif Islam dan Peraturan Perundang-undangan Di Indonesia
Authors: Wahyuni Afidah
Published: October 2018

Abstract:Inheritance law according to Islamic law is one part of family law (al-Ahwalus Syahsiyah). This science is very important to learn so that in the implementation of the division of inheritance there is no mistake and can be carried out as fairly as possible, because by studying the Islamic inheritance law for Muslims, will be able to fulfill the rights relating to inheritance after being abandoned by Muwarris (heir) and submitted to the heirs who have the right to receive it. Thus, one can avoid sin, namely not eating the property of people who are not their rights, because there is no fulfillment of Islamic law regarding inheritance. The inheritance legal system according to the Civil Code does not distinguish between sons and daughters, between husbands and wives, they have the right to inheritance, and the sons share sons and daughters, the part of a wife or husband is the same as the child. When linked to the hereditary system, the Civil Code adheres to a bilateral descent system, where each person connects himself to the descendants of his father and mother, meaning that heirs are entitled to inherit from the father if the father dies and has the right to inherit from the mother if the mother dies.Keywords: Inheritance System, Islamic Law, Indonesian Legislatio Abstrak:Hukum Kewarisan menurut hukum Islam merupakan salah satu bagian dari hukum keluarga (al-Ahwalus Syahsiyah). Ilmu ini sangat penting dipelajari agar dalam pelaksanaan pembagian harta waris tidak terjadi kesalahan dan dapat dilaksanakan dengan seadil-adilnya, sebab dengan mempelajari hukum kewarisan Islam bagi umat Islam, akan dapat menunaikan hak-hak yang berkenaan dengan harta waris setelah ditinggalkan oleh muwarris (pewaris) dan disampaikan kepada ahli waris yang berhak untuk menerimanya. Dengan demikian, seseorang dapat terhindar dari dosa yakni tidak memakan harta orang yang bukan haknya, karena tidak ditunaikannya hukum Islam mengenai kewarisan. Sistem hukum kewarisan menurut KUHPerdata tidak membedakan antara anak laki-laki dan anak perempuan, antara suami dan isteri, mereka berhak terhadap harta warisan, dan bagian anak laki-laki sama dengan bagian anak perempuan, bagian seorang isteri atau suami sama dengan bagian anak. Apabila dihubungkan dengan sistem keturunan, maka KUHPerdata menganut sistem keturunan bilateral, dimana setiap orang itu menghubungkan dirinya dengan keturunan ayah maupun ibunya, artinya ahli waris berhak mewaris dari ayah jika ayah meninggal dan berhak mewaris dari ibu jika ibu meninggal.Kata Kunci: Sistem Waris, Hukum Islam, Perundang-undangan Indonesia
Teologi Surat al-Maun dan Praksis Sosial Dalam Kehidupan Warga Muhammadiyah
Authors: Gunawan Andri
Published: October 2018

Abstract:One of the basic foundations of the Muhammadiyah movement is the theological power of Surat al-Ma'un taught by Kyai Ahmad Dahlan, Founder of Muhammadiyah. Ahmad Dahlan interpreted Al-Ma'un into three main activities, namely: education, health and the sponsorship of the poor also transformed religious understanding from mere sacred doctrines and "less reads" socially into cooperation or cooperatives for human liberation. In the modern era today the spirit of al-Ma'un is needed to be revived, especially in conditions of life full of social injustice. This discussion focuses more on the messages that Kyai Ahmad Dahlan wishes to convey in his interpretation of this letter al-ma'un. In addition to reviewing the implementation of the value of al-Maun's letter in the lives of Muhammadiyah residents.Keyword: Muhammadiyah, Kyai Ahmad Dahlan, Surat al-Ma'unAbstrak: Landasan pokok pergerakan Muhammadiyah salah satunya adalah kekuatan teologis surat al-Ma’un yang diajarkan oleh Ahmad Dahlan, Pendiri Muhammadiyah. Ahmad Dahlan menafsirkan Al-Ma’un kedalam tiga kegiatan utama, yaitu: pendidikan, kesehatan dan penyantunan orang miskin juga melakukan transformasi pemahaman keagamaan dari sekadar doktrin-doktrin sakral dan “kurang berbunyi” secara sosial menjadi kerjasama atau koperasi untuk pembebasan manusia. Di era modern saat ini perlu kembali dihidupkan spirit al-ma'un ini, apalagi dalam kondisi kehidupan yang penuh dengan ketidakadilan sosial. Pembahasan ini lebih memfokuskan bagaimana pesan-pesan yang ingin disampaikan Kyai Ahmad Dahlan dalam tafsirnya terkait surat al-ma'un ini. Selain dikaji juga implementasi nilai surat al-Maun ini dalam kehidupan warga Muhammadiyah.Kata Kunci: Muhammadiyah, Kyai Ahmad Dahlan, Surat al-Ma'un
Simultaneous determination of levocetirizine dihydrochloride and montelukast sodium in human plasma by LC–MS/MS: development, validation, and application to a human pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Rashed Noha Salem , Nasr Zeinab Adel
Published: October 2018

Objectives

A simple, rapid, selective, and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of levocetirizine dihydrochloride and montelukast sodium in human plasma using fexofenadine hydrochloride as an internal standard.

Method

Liquid–liquid extraction of both drugs and internal standard from plasma into ethyl acetate was used for sample preparation and analysis. Separation of both drugs and internal standard was achieved on an Inertsil ODS-3 (4.6 mm × 50 cm, dp 5 μm, particle size) column using an isocratic mobile phase of acetonitrile and 10 mM ammonium formate adjusted to pH 8 with 50 μL ammonium hydroxide in composition of 73:27 (v/v) at a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min. The LC–MS/MS was operated under the multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) using an electrospray ionization technique. Mass parameters were optimized to monitor transitions at m/z [M + H]+ 389.0 → 200.8 for levocetirizine dihydrochloride, m/z [M + H]+ 586.2 → 422.2 for montelukast sodium, and m/z [M + H]+ 502.2 → 466.0 for fexofenadine hydrochloride.

Results

The method was found to be linear in the range of 1–500 ng/mL for both drugs. The intra-day and inter-day precision were in the range of 0.96–1.92% and 1.03–1.55%, respectively. Matrix effect was acceptable with %RSD < 15.

Conclusion

The proposed method was validated and successfully applied for a pharmacokinetic study of both drugs in human plasma after oral administration of their pharmaceutical preparation.
Determination of glyphosate and glufosinate in human serum by monospin TiO extraction and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Saito Takeshi , Namera Akira , Tsuji Tomoatsu , Noguchi Wataru , Inokuchi Sadaki
Published: October 2018

We developed and validated an assay for determination of glyphosate (GLYP) and glufosinate (GLUF) in human serum. Serum samples were extracted by using a MonoSpin® TiO column and analyzed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). MonoSpin® TiO tends to specifically bind to phosphate groups. The assay was linear over a concentration range of 1–250 μg/mL. The recoveries for the 2 compounds were 1.6%–2.3%. The intra- and inter-day variations were <15%. Precision and accuracy were 5.6%–12.7% and 97.0%–103.9%, respectively. The validated method was applied to quantify the GLYP and GLUF content in the serum of GLYP and GLUF-poisoned patients. In conclusion, the method was successfully applied for accurate determination of GLYP and GLUF in serum obtained from patients with GLYP and GLUF poisoning.
Air and floral sampling method and results including thunderstorm v1
Authors: E.M. Gibbs Jane , E.M. Gibbs Jane
Published: October 2018

Air and floral sampling method and results including thunderstorm sampling
An Improved Power Controller For A Single Phase Grid Connected Inverter With Root Locus Analysis
Authors: Paiva Élcio Precioso de , Jr. João Batista Vieira , Freitas Luís Carlos de , Farias Valdeir José , Coelho Ernane Antônio Alves
Published: October 2018

This paper presents an improved controller for a single-phase inverter connected to the grid, which is based on frequency and voltage droops. A new feedback loop is introduced to increase the system damping. The small signal analysis and root locus plots are presented in order to show the connections between the feedback loop gains and the behavior of the system. Simulation results corresponding to the numerical solution of the nonlinear system equations are presented to validate the small signal analysis. A description of a laboratory prototype and the respective experimental results are also presented to confirm the theoretical analysis.