bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vitamin Supplementation in Broiler Feeds and U.S. Survey on Fortification Rates
Authors: E. Ward Nelson
Published: January 2024

This chapter covers a short review of the vitamin discovery period, followed by a discussion of the vitamins as nutritional supplements for poultry diets. These organic molecules perform within a complex metabolic system, and function in catalytic, developmental, and protective roles. Research in recent years suggests vitamins also play a pivotal role in the intestinal microbiome and “gut health” and may have direct effects on the establishment of a more desirable microbial population. Rapid changes in poultry genetics requires modifications in fortification rates, especially when less feed is required to attain these improvements. A survey on the vitamin fortification rates of broiler feeds in the U.S. is also included for discussion and comparison with a similar 1993 survey and the National Research Council. Some vitamins showed a wider disparity in fortification levels than others.
Role of Urine Examination in Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: K. Nigam Lovelesh
Published: January 2024

Kidney transplantation has emerged as a major advance of modern medicine, providing high-quality life years to patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Post-transplant monitoring of the transplanted kidney is based on physical examination, urine volume, the assessment of albuminuria or proteinuria, serum creatinine, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation based on serum creatinine. Of these multiple investigations, serum creatinine and urine analysis is one of the most widely used and accepted tool to assess graft dysfunction as well as plan management. Various immunological (rejections-antibody, cellular) and non-immunological (polyoma virus nephropathy, mycosis, recurrent/de novo diseases) may affect the graft function. Changes in various parameters like urine osmolality, proteinuria, hematuria and presence of casts, crystals and other cellular constituents aids in diagnosis diseases of the allograft. This chapter thus highlights the importance of most frequent parameters that help in assessing the graft function. In addition to these parameters, a brief introduction of biomarkers is also included. Many studies have shown that these biomarkers have a promising role in diagnosis of allograft disease and thus avoiding interventional procedures like renal biopsy. Easy availability as well as low-cost of the urine examination makes it a promising tool for overall assessment of the graft dysfunction.
Cement Sheath Integrity in Oil and Gas Wells
Authors: Gu Chenwang , Feng Yongcun , Li Xiaorong
Published: January 2024

The cement sheath is a crucial component of the wellbore system, responsible for maintaining structural integrity, and preventing leakage. Over the life cycle of oil and gas wells, load changes can lead to various cement failure modes, such as disking, radial cracks, and debonding fractures. It is vital to locate and evaluate cement sheath failure in the wellbore. This chapter aims to comprehensively and systematically describe recent advances in cement sheath integrity prediction, control, and monitoring techniques. Firstly, we list the underlying reasons for the cement sheath failure. Then, we extensively discuss current advances in cement sheath integrity. Finally, wellbore integrity control and monitoring techniques are also discussed. This chapter serves as a valuable reference for both scientific research and engineering applications of cement sheath integrity in oil and gas wells.
Effective Screening and Face Mask Detection for COVID Spread Mitigation Using Deep Learning and Edge Devices
Authors: Dong Xishuang , Nwosu Lucy , Rufsan Reza Sheikh , Li Xiangfang
Published: January 2024

The emergence of COVID-19, stemming from the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has led to a widespread outbreak affecting countless individuals and inducing dire circumstances globally. Mitigating the transmission of COVID-19 has necessitated the implementation of effective measures such as rigorous COVID screening and physical safeguards, including practices like social distancing and the utilization of face masks. Notably, the application of advanced technologies such as deep learning, a subset of artificial intelligence (AI), has played a pivotal role in devising novel strategies for both detecting COVID-19 and curbing its propagation. This chapter presents a comprehensive overview of COVID screening methodologies based on deep learning, with a specific focus on biomedical image processing and the detection of face masks. Furthermore, it delves into initial endeavors concerning COVID image analysis and the creation of a mobile face mask detection system, designed to operate on edge devices. The ensuing discussions encompass detailed case studies, showcasing the practical implications and efficacy of these initiatives.
Metabolic Enzymes and Drug Concentration Detection for Psychiatry and Psychology Medicines
Authors: Wang Shushan , Liu Xiaoyuan , Ge Jianbin
Published: January 2024

In the Han population of Jiangsu Province, China, the poor metabolic phenotype of CYP2D6 has not been found in clinical samples in our hospital. However, intermediate and poor metabolic phenotypes of CYP2C19 have been detected. Even if clinical reaction is observed, it is difficult to attribute them to metabolic enzyme types being single cause. A large number of genes, enzymes, and proteins are involved in the drug’s in vivo processes. The detection of metabolic enzymes requires comprehensive and cautious judgment in combination with other results of drug metabolism. That is to say, in clinical practice, it is necessary to determine to what extent the metabolic enzyme type affects the peak concentration of the drug and the area of the drug time curve. Is drug gene testing required or actionable? Recommendations related to dosage or adverse reactions are required to be clear rather than vague. Based on these, precise personalized treatment can be implemented specifically on individual patients.
Searching in Bewilderment: Bereavement in the Lives of People with Intellectual Disability
Authors: Haider Noor-ul-ain
Published: January 2024

Bereavement involves dealing with the loss of a loved one through death and it takes a heavy emotional toll on a person’s life, if this anguish strikes those with weak cognitive comprehension. People with Intellectual disability (ID) already face a lot of unpredictable circumstances in their daily lives, making the death of a loved one an extra burden that they may not be equipped to deal with emotionally. This phenomenon might get complicated if it occurs in the life of a person with ID. The present work focuses on exploration of grieving manifestation through qualitative study by conduction of semi structured interviews with bereaved youngsters having ID. Participants showed concepts of cessation, finality, and universality related to death but the in-depth understanding is lacking. The role of religious introjections is important in understanding and managing grief reactions in the mentioned population. Besides limited comprehension of death and dying, these sufferers need our help to understand and manage the painful feelings which are harder to express verbally in comparison with the general population. The help can be done through grief support model based on four domains of education, participation, facilitation and intervention.
The Role of Employee Behavior and Organizational Culture in Strategy Implementation and Performance in a VUCA World
Authors: Herman Boikanyo Dinko
Published: January 2024

This paper examines the crucial role of employee behavior and organizational culture in successfully implementing strategies and achieving high performance in a VUCA world. It emphasizes the importance of effective strategy execution in dynamic environments. Drawing on social cognitive theory, goal-setting theory, and self-determination theory, the paper explores how employee behavior influences strategy implementation, highlighting the significance of goal clarity, feedback mechanisms, and employee participation. Factors such as intrinsic motivation, autonomy, competence, and relatedness are discussed for fostering employee engagement and commitment. The impact of organizational culture on strategy implementation is investigated using the Competing Values Framework, organizational socialization theory, and Schein’s model of organizational culture. The paper delves into the interplay between employee behavior, organizational culture, and strategy implementation, discussing theories such as person-organization fit and cultural congruence. Strategies for overcoming VUCA challenges are provided, including sensemaking theory, change management frameworks, and resilience theory. Measurement and evaluation of strategy implementation and performance are addressed through the balanced scorecard approach, organizational network analysis, and employee engagement theories. Real-life case studies and examples offer practical insights into the interrelationships among employee behavior, organizational culture, strategy implementation, and performance in diverse contexts.
Impact of Physical Activity on Physical and Cognition Function among Community-Living Older Adults
Authors: Chang Gudjonsson Milan
Published: January 2024

The aging population presents unique challenges to healthcare systems worldwide, particularly in terms of maintaining physical function and cognitive abilities in old age. Physical activity (PA) is emerging as a potent intervention to enhance the well-being and functional independence of older individuals. The current review chapter will focus on the effect of PA on physical and cognitive function to provide comprehensive understanding of the interplay among community-dwelling older adults. The review (1) overviews the positive impact of PA on physical functions, including muscle strength, endurance, balance, and cardiovascular health, elucidating how these benefits contribute to improved mobility and reduced risk of falls among older adults, and (2) explores also how regular PA is associated with the cognitive benefits, including its preventive or delaying effect of cognitive decline, enhancements in memory, attention, executive function, and overall cognitive vitality. It emphasizes the critical role of PA in enhancing the overall capacity on managing daily living of older adults and offers insights into effective strategies for promoting active and healthy aging. These knowledge and insights can also guide healthcare practitioners, policymakers, and researchers in developing and implementing effective strategies to promote PA and support healthy aging in older populations.
Análisis de las competencias genéricas de los alumnos del programa de contaduría de la Unidad Académica de Ahuacatlán.
Authors: Michel Rendón Juan Carlos , Varela Rodríguez Víctor Manuel , Hernández Alvarado Ruth , Quezada Sánchez Alma Cecilia , Guzmán Frías Carlos
Published: January 2024

Las competencias en la educación son importantes para que el estudiante logre una formación profesional, orientada a relacionar los conocimientos profesionales, experiencia laboral y habilidades personales, para afrontar la problemática real de una sociedad globalizada. Es importante identificar las competencias genéricas para el análisis del perfil de egreso de contaduría de la Unidad Académica de Ahuacatlán (UAAH). Esta investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitativo, con diseño no experimental y de tipo descriptiva, cuyo objetivo es, analizar las competencias de los estudiantes de contaduría para la adecuación del perfil profesional. La pregunta de investigación se responde a través de un cuestionario escala de Likert con 45 ítems, aplicado a 33 estudiantes. Los resultados muestran que solo han sido desarrolladas algunas competencias, aportando poco a un perfil de egreso que responda a la demanda social y empresarial. Se concluye que falta implementar estrategias que apoyen al desarrollo de competencias para el perfil deseado.
A Study On Awareness Levels Of Rural And Urban Consumers About Branded Food Products
Authors:   Department of RMCS, CCAS, MPUAT, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India, Manasa T , Lakshmi V Vijaya ,   Department of RMCS, C.C.Sc, PJTSAU, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Published: January 2024

The present paper studies the awareness levels of rural and urban consumers about the branded food products because brand awareness is one of the prerequisites for consumers for making buying decisions. The respondents were administered with interview schedule. The schedule consists of questions related to 13 different food products and their available brands. The study reveals that majority of the respondents from both rural and urban area were aware about the food brands like Daawat, India Gate, Aashirvaad, Annapurna,Maggie, Yippie, Five Star, Dairy Milk, Kit – Kat, Britannia 50 – 50, Marie Gold, Achi,MTR, Priya, Freedom, Gold Drop, Gold Winner, Gemini, Taj Mahal, Red Label, Bru, Nescafe, Kissan, Fanta, Real, Jersey, Dodla, Vijaya etc. About 65.8 per cent of the total respondents were having the moderate awareness about the branded food products followed by 21.7 per cent were having low awareness and 12.5 were having the high awareness about different food products.
Effect Of Long Term Application Of FYM And Vermicompost On Soil Carbon Pool, Enzymes And Microbial Activities In Pearl Millet-Chickpea Cropping Sequence After 6th Crop Cycle
Authors:   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Post Graduate Institute, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri- 413722, Maharashtra, Indi, Margal Prasad B. , Bhalerao Vikrant P , M Kamble Bhimrao , Thakare Ritu S
Published: January 2024

The field experiment was carried out on a fixed site at the research farm of Bajra Research Scheme, College of Agriculture, Dhule, Maharashtra, India which was initiated during 2013-2014. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with eight treatments replicated three times. Treatments for pearl millet composed of T1: Control, T2: 100% recommended dose of fertilizer through inorganic fertilizers, T3: 100 % recommended dose of nitrogen through farm yard manure, T4: 100 % recommended dose of nitrogen through vermicompost, T5: 50 % recommended dose of nitrogen through farm yard manure + 50 % recommended dose of nitrogen-through vermicompost, T6: 5-ton farm yard manure ha-1, T7: 3-ton vermicompost ha-1 and T8: 2.5-ton farm yard manure ha-1 + 1.5-ton vermicompost ha-1). However, treatments for chickpeas are composed of T1: Control, T2: 100% recommended dose of fertilizer through inorganic fertilizers, T3 to T8: residual effect of farm yard manure, and vermicompost alone and in combinations. The experimental soil was alkaline, calcareous, clayey in texture, low in available nitrogen and phosphorus and high in available potassium. The continuous application of the 100 % recommended dose of nitrogen through farm yard manure for 6 years to pearl millet showed improvement in organic carbon fractions, soil enzyme activity, soil microbial population, and pearl millet equivalent yield. This treatment was followed by the application of 50 % recommended dose of nitrogen through farm yard manure + 50 % recommended dose of nitrogen through vermicompost.
Prevalence, Cultural And Morphological Characterization Of Fusarium Verticillioides Associated With Ear Rot Of Maize
Authors:   Department Agricultural Research Station, UAS, Raichur, Karnataka, India, M Renuka , K Ajithkumar , AS Savitha ,   Department of Plant Pathology, Agricultural College, UAS, Raichur, Karnataka, India,   Department University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur - 584 104, Karnataka, India
Published: January 2024

Sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata (Rondani) is an important pest of sorghum distributed in almost all sorghum growing areas of India, attacking the crop at the seedling stage wherein the absence of appropriate management measures may result in heavy yield loss and host plant resistance is a major component in managing this pest. Utilization of resistance as a control strategy has very much practical relevance and hence identification of resistant sources for shootfly through morphological and physicochemical characteristics was carried out in pre-release sorghum genotypes of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University. Leaf glossiness, trichome density, trichome length, trichome width, and seedling vigor were associated with resistance and had a major bearing on the expression of resistance to shoot fly. Among the genotypes tested, TNS 671 and TNS 665 showed better performance in terms of dead heart, percentage of plants with eggs, and recovery resistance compared to others which were then subjected to biochemical estimation and GCMS analysis. Leaf biochemical characters viz., total phenol, cellulose, total amino acids, silica, tannin, and lignin were found to be negatively correlated and total sugar positively correlated with resistance. GC-MSanalysis of the sorghum genotypes revealedthe presence of compounds, viz., carboxylic acids, heptadecene, and hentriacontane only in the resistant entry, IS18551. An interesting finding of this study was the presence of hentriacontanein resistant cultivar, IS18551 which is reported to have kairomonal activity. The characters associated with resistance or susceptibility can be used in further resistant breeding programmes.
Role Of Weather Factors In Deciding The Population Of Diaphorina Citri Kuwayama On Curry Leaf
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad- 580005, Karnataka, India, A Ashwini , Hegde M. G. , Shashidhar T. R. ,   Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad- 580005, Karnataka, India
Published: January 2024

Citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama is known to cause serious damage to tender shoots, which in turn reduces the leaf yield in curry leaf plants. The pest is emerged as serious on curry leaf growing in and around Dharwad during the recent years. Thus it is important to understand the role of different factors promoting psyllid population on curry leaf plant. The changing weather parameters may also be one among few important factors promoting higher psyllid population. The influence of weather factors on citrus psylla, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama population on curry leaf (Murraya koenigii L.) was studied in 2018 and 2019. The average psyllid population ranged from 1.96 to 38.85 per 4 terminal shoots. There was no nymphal population from the 15th to 18th SMW during 2018 and 2019. The nymphal population peaked during the 37th SMW during both years. The adult population was recorded throughout the year with fluctuation. The adult population peaked (26.20 and 30.10 per 4 terminal shoots) during the 38th SMW (3rd week of September) in both years. Correlation analysis for both years indicated that maximum temperature exhibited a significant and positive correlation with the adult population. Similarly, evening relative humidity was highly significant and positively correlated with the nymphal population whereas, maximum temperature adversely affected the build-up of the nymphal population. The study is useful to find out the weak links of psyllid populations about abiotic factors that could be exploited to curb its infestation.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA KARYAWAN
Authors: Ancil Anggita Stefani , Okto Bernando Franky
Published: January 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian yang dilaksanakan ialah agar mengatahui maupun memahami strategi pengembangan sumber daya manusia terkhusus pelatihan kerja dan motivasi kerja serta dampaknya terhadap kinerja karyawan di PT. Jaya Abadi Granitama Bali. Hal tersebut mendapatkan model strategi pengembangan sumber daya manusia. Organisasi bertanggung jawab untuk meningkatkan keahlian karyawannya untuk mencapai kompetensi, keunggulan, dedikasi yang tak tergoyahkan, dan kualifikasi yang lebih besar. Populasi penelitian terdiri dari seluruh personel yang bekerja di PT. Jaya Abadi Granitama Bali. Penelitian memakai teknik sampling jenuh sehingga didapatkan jumlah sampel 23 responden. Instrumen pengumpulan datanya berupa angket skala likert melalui pengujian ketat untuk memenuhi kriteria validitas dan reliabilitas. Analisis data memakai teknik analisis regresi linier berganda dengan SPSS 25 for Windows. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya pelatihan kerja yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan karyawan disertai dengan pemberian motivasi kerja dalam bentuk reward atau bonus terbukti menghasilkan dampak yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan kinerja karyawan di PT. Jaya Abadi Granitama Bali.
ANALISIS LINGKUNGAN INTERNAL LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Mashuri Mashuri , Maisah Maisah , Hakim Lukman
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi analisis lingkungan internal Lembaga Pendidikan Islam dengan fokus pada Pendidikan Vokasi MAN 1 Bungo Plus Ketrampilan. Lingkup penelitian mencakup konsep lingkungan internal, jenis-jenis lingkungan lembaga pendidikan Islam, serta pentingnya analisis lingkungan dalam manajemen strategis. Tujuan penelitian adalah memberikan pemahaman mendalam terhadap potensi dan kelemahan lembaga, dengan analisis SWOT sebagai alat evaluasi. Melalui penelitian ini, diharapkan dapat memberikan panduan praktis dan konseptual untuk meningkatkan efektivitas dan daya saing Lembaga Pendidikan Islam, khususnya dalam konteks Pendidikan Vokasi. Kesimpulan dan rekomendasi yang dihasilkan diharapkan dapat menjadi landasan bagi lembaga pendidikan serupa dalam menghadapi tantangan dan memaksimalkan potensi internal mereka untuk mencapai tujuan yang diinginkan.
Intellectual Capital and Corporate Sustainable Growth: An Empirical Study on Indian Agribusinesses specific to Pesticides and Fertilizer Companies
Authors: Balaji Vaishnavi , Mamilla Rajesh
Published: January 2024

This study aims to evaluate the impact of Intellectual Capital on the Sustainable Growth Rate of Indian Agribusiness companies. Intellectual Capital plays a vital role in the global agriculture business. Data is collected from 17 Agribusiness companies engaged explicitly in pesticides and fertilizers between 2011 and 2022, using Prowessiq (CMIE) and financial reports. The Extended Value-Added Intellectual Capital (E-VAIC) model is employed to measure Intellectual Capital. The System Generalized Method of Moments (S-GMM) regression method is employed for data analysis. The results revealed that Innovation Capital Efficiency and Human Capital Efficiency are the most significant variables that affect the Sustainable Growth of Indian Agribusiness companies. The other Intellectual Capital variables, such as Relational Capital Efficiency and Structural Capital Efficiency, positively impact the Sustainable Growth Rate. The study concludes that Indian Agribusiness companies must recognize the importance of Intellectual Capital resources and invest in them to achieve long- term corporate growth.
Development of a Village Population Administration Information System for Enhancing Population Services Efficiency in Nagari VII Koto Talago
Authors: Desita Engla , Budayawan Khairi
Published: January 2024

This study aims to develop a web-based population administration system for Nagari VII Koto Talago, focusing on improving the efficiency and effectiveness of population data management. Currently, population data in Nagari VII Koto Talago is managed using Microsoft Office and stored in physical ledger books, which leads to inefficiencies and increases the likelihood of errors. Public information services, especially in processing requests for official documents such as population referral letters, still rely on paper-based methods, resulting in lengthy processing times. The system development followed the Waterfall Method, with a particular emphasis on the implementation stage. The objective is to replace the outdated, manual system with a computerized system, optimizing the use of technology for data input, storage, and management. By employing CodeIgniter, PHP, and MySQL, the newly developed system offers improved accessibility, reduces processing time, and ensures more accurate data handling. The results of this study are expected to significantly enhance the quality of population administration services by streamlining processes and increasing service responsiveness to the community.
Dysphagia in Indivuduals with Huntington's Disease: A Narrative Review
Authors: Sapmaz Atalar Merve , Oğuz Özlem , Genç Gençer
Published: January 2024

Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative autosomal dominant condition characterized by motor, behavioral, and cognitive symptoms. Aspiration pneumonia stands out as a leading cause of death in HD, primarily attributed to dysphagia, which gets more noticeable as the disease progresses. Dysphagia symptoms in individuals with HD are compounded by noticeable movement problems, including Chorean or rigid-bradykinetic patterns. These symptoms manifest in every phase of swallowing and fluctuate with the progression of HD. Lingual chorea, delayed swallowing initiation, and impaired swallowing-respiratory coordination are key indicators of dysphagia in HD individuals. The negative impact on eating behaviors is further exacerbated by concurrent cognitive and sensory deficits. Consequently, dysphagia leads to social isolation, restrictions on activities and involvement, and a diminished quality of life for individuals with HD. To minimize these adverse effects, a referral to a speech-language therapist (SLT) for swallowing assessment should be initiated immediately upon the diagnosis of HD by a neurologist. Starting from the earliest stages of the disease, both clinical and instrumental swallowing assessments should be employed to minimize the detrimental consequences of dysphagia. Depending on the assessment results, compensatory and/or rehabilitative (restitutive) strategies can be recommended for treatment. Furthermore, the SLT actively collaborates with other team members, including individuals with HD, caregivers, neurologists, otolaryngologists, gastroenterologists, and others, contributing collectively to the decision-making process regarding both oral and non-oral feeding considerations. Despite negative impact of dysphagia on individuals with HD and its significant role in individuals’ deterioration, the evidence for specific dysphagia interventions remains limited. Clinicians, therefore, rely on well-established general swallowing therapy practices. There is a pressing need for evidence-based research on dysphagia in HD. In this study, the literature on dysphagia in HD will be examined, with a focus on its pathophysiology and the role of SLT in diagnostic and intervention techniques.
Scientific Writing Training to Improve Professionalism Teacher at Vocational High School
Authors: Samsilayurni Samsilayurni , Agustina Mediarita , Nurlena Nurlena , Utami Sri
Published: January 2024

Scientific writing has become a requirement for a professional teacher, the aim of this community service is to increase teacher competence in preparing scientific written articles. The survey method uses a constructivist approach. The implementation of the activity is divided into two, first, the implementation of the activity is carried out by providing material in class using lecture, discussion, example and exercise methods, secondly, participants are provided with guidance services. The subjects of this service are teachers at Muhammadiyah 1 Palembang Vocational High School. The instrument used was a teacher understanding questionnaire about writing scientific papers. The results obtained in this activity were 86.50% of participants interested in the training carried out because they gained understanding and insight into article writing. Then, as many as 92.54% of participants stated that the material presented was understandable/clear. and 91.51% of participants stated that they were satisfied with the writing training which was carried out based on systematics and good language. So, it can be concluded that service activities with the theme of scientific writing training to improve the professionalism of teachers at Muhammadiyah 1 Palembang Vocational School provide new knowledge for teachers at the school related to publishing scientific papers in the form of scientific articles.
A strange state of mournful contentment
Authors: Candiotto Laura
Published: January 2024

In this paper, I will consider a unique case where changing one’s character is part of a process of moral betterment when facing oppression. By engaging with the Dutch-Jewish intellectual and Holocaust victim Etty Hillesum, I will highlight the situated dimension of moral betterment as a practice that is driven by the pressure of concurrent events. I will claim that moral betterment does not just come out of an internal will to change for the better. Instead, I will argue that “bearing real suffering” (Hillesum 1996: 220) is what makes compassion a potential source of moral betterment. This is possible because in compassion, one experiences emotional friction between weakness and strength in facing the suffering caused by oppression.
Epistemic Oppression and Affective Exclusion
Authors: Hernandez Aleksandra
Published: January 2024

Epistemic oppression is the systematic exclusion of oppressed groups from knowledge-making practices. One of the goals of feminist epistemology is to understand the nature of the barriers preventing oppressed individuals from realising their epistemic agency and contributing to knowledge production. Feminist epistemologists have taken monumental strides in theorising the different forms of exclusions that constitute epistemic oppression (e.g., Fricker 2007; Dotson 2014; Bailey 2014). But more needs to be done by way of understanding what makes an oppressive epistemic landscape resilient and resistant to change.
In this paper, I develop a pragmatist account of the affective mechanisms in place that protect the epistemic landscape from critical reflection and produce what I refer to as affective exclusion. I argue that, since the mechanism that protects the epistemic landscape from critical reflection is affective by nature, we cannot reason ourselves out of affective exclusion. Instead, I propose that, although they often prevent us from realising our epistemic agency, our co-occurring emotions and feelings, such as grief, anxiety, and other epistemic feelings, can be catalysts for reflection about the skewed nature of the epistemic landscape. I conclude
with a discussion of the role that narrative fiction might play in helping us resist affective exclusion and ending epistemic oppression.
Shame, Guilt and the 'Morality System'
Authors: Harcourt Edward
Published: January 2024

Arguably the differences between guilt and shame have been exaggerated in the literature, especially with respect to the relationship of each to morality. Some fresh examples of shame are presented. While these point in the same direction, they also indicate a puzzling dualism within the structure of shame which threatens to bring shame and the 'morality system' closer again, albeit for a sub-class of cases. The dualism is explored, partly by way of a discussion of embarrassment. The conclusion drawn is that while the dualism remains puzzling, it does not re-establish a connection betweeb shame and morality. An explanation is then offered of survivor guilt which does not compromise its distinctiveness (that is, without resorting to the hypothesis that the survivor has harmed someone by surviving) but which - in contrast to the discussion of shame - affirms the relationship between survivor guilt and the morality system.
How Should We Think about Co-Occurring Emotions?
Authors: Maibom Heidi
Published: January 2024

Editorial
Producción y comercialización del baby banano (Musa Acuminata) en el cantón La Maná
Authors: Pallo Macias Yajaira Lorena , Quiñonez Chávez Maholin Noemi , Albarrasin Reinoso Marilin Vanessa
Published: January 2024

El baby banano es un cultivo de gran importancia mundial, en el país ecuatoriano representa gran parte de las exportaciones e importaciones, el cantón La Maná perteneciente a la provincia de Cotopaxi se caracteriza por ser una zona subtrópica apta, en esta zona existen productores que continuamente producen y venden su producto, representando a uno de los principales rubros de la economía ecuatoriana, por lo tanto, se llevó a cabo una investigación con el objetivo de identificar la situación actual de los procesos de producción y comercialización del baby banano en los productores de la zona, para tener conocimiento del valor, proceso y economía, en relación con esta actividad en cuanto a la rentabilidad y fortalecimiento competitivo en el mercado. Se aplicaron técnicas de investigación bibliográfica, encuestas para un enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo. La muestra final de 166 productores para las encuestas de la zona para las encuestas. Los países destino del baby banano desde Ecuador son principalmente Bélgica, Estados Unidos, Alemania y Japón. Los ingresos son aceptables en cuanto al valor por caja y rendimiento por ha. del cultivo, siendo el mejor índice 40 cajas por ha, este análisis tuvo la finalidad de identificar rigurosamente el estudio de mercado y condiciones de producción
The cost efficiency of sampling designs
Authors: LIBERTS MĀRTIŅŠ
Published: January 2024

The aim of a sample survey is to obtain high quality estimates of population parameters with low cost. The expected precision of estimates and the expected data collection cost are usually unknown making the choice of sampling design a complicated task. Analytical methods can not be used often because of the complexity of the sampling design or data collection process. The aim of this paper is to develop a mathematical framework to compare chosen sampling designs with respect to the expected precision of estimates and the data collection cost. As a result a framework is developed which employs artificial population data generation, survey sampling techniques, survey cost modelling, Monte Carlo simulation experiments and other techniques. The framework is applied to analyse the cost efficiency of the sampling design currently used for the Latvian Labour Force Survey.
A two-parameter Lindley distribution
Authors: Shanker R. , Mishra A.
Published: January 2024

A two-parameter Lindley distribution, of which the Lindley distribution (LD) is a particular case, has been introduced. Its moments, failure rate function, mean residual life function and stochastic orderings have been discussed. The maximum likelihood method and the method of moments have been discussed for estimating its parameters. The distribution has been fitted to some data-sets to test its goodness of fit.
Best linear unbiased estimators of population mean on current occasion in two-occasion rotation patterns
Authors: Singh G. N. , Prasad S.
Published: January 2024

Best linear unbiased estimators have been proposed to estimate the population mean on current occasion in two-occasion successive (rotation) sampling. Behavior of the proposed estimators have been studied and their respective optimum replacement policies are discussed. Empirical studies are carried out to examine the performance of the proposed estimators and consequently the suitable recommendations are made.
Estimation of finite population mean using deciles of an auxiliary variable
Authors: Subramani J. , Kumarapandiyan G.
Published: January 2024

The present paper deals with a class of modified ratio estimators for estimation of population mean of the study variable when the population deciles of the auxiliary variable are known. The biases and the mean squared errors of the proposed estimators are derived and compared with that of existing modified ratio estimators for certain known populations. Further, we have also derived the conditions for which the proposed estimators perform better than the existing modified ratio estimators. From the numerical study it is also observed that the proposed modified ratio estimators perform better than the existing modified ratio estimators.
Sample surveys of households in Belarus: state and perspectives
Authors: Bokun Natalia
Published: January 2024

The main principles, characteristics and problems of three sample surveys of households (HH), conducted by the State Statistics of Belarus are considered: 1) The Household Sample Surveys (on expenses and incomes), 2) Private Subsidiary Plots in rural areas (PSP) and 3) Labour Force Survey (LFS). For each of them the purpose, sampling plan, sample design, data collection mode, the methods of estimation and possible ways to improve the surveys are discussed.
Maternal nutritional status and lactational amenorrhea in India: a simulation analysis
Authors: Dwivedi Laxmi K.
Published: January 2024

Apart from breast-feeding, socio-economic and biological factors, maternal health also influences the length or distribution of waiting time to conception. The main objective of this paper is to examine the linkages between maternal nutritional status (measured by body mass index-BMI) and postpartum amenorrhea among currently breast-feeding women in India and its region. Further, the probability to remain amenorrheic through simulative approach has been estimated to get better understanding of the impact of maternal nutritional status on postpartum amenorrhea. Using National Family Health Survey-2 data, women who were not pregnant, who were breast-feeding and who were not using any hormonal contraceptives at the time of the survey were included in the analysis. Missing cases for body mass index and child nutritional status were imputed by fitting the linear regression equation. There was no significant difference existing between mean BMI of each region of India before and after imputation of missing cases. The interaction term between maternal nutritional status and duration of breast-feeding (child’s age) was significantly associated with the likelihood of having resumed menstruation after controlling for breast-feeding practices, child nutritional status and socio-economic and demographic covariates. The effect of maternal nutritional status on lactational amenorrhea was not found to be significant when women were breast-feeding since last 12 months except in the northern region of India. However, after 12 months of breast-feeding, the probability of undernourished women to remain amenorrheic was likely to be greater and this trend was highly consistent across all the six regions included in the analysis.
A linear model for uniformity trial experiments
Authors: Shukla Alok K. , Yadav Subhash K. , Misra Govind Ch.
Published: January 2024

Uniformity trial experiments are required to assess fertility variation in agricultural land. Several models have appeared in literature, of which Fairfield Smith’s Variance Law assuming a nonlinear relationship between the coefficient of variation (C.V.) and a plot size has been extensively used in uniformity trial studies. A linear model has been proposed for uniformity trial experiments and it has shown better results as compared to existing models. The expression for point of maximum curvature for the proposed model is much simpler as compared to the model of Fairfield Smith. The appropriateness of the proposed model has also been verified with the help of a data set.
Probability sample selection method in household surveys when current data on regional population is unavailable
Authors: Ünalan Turgay , Öztaş Ayhan H.
Published: January 2024

Availability of the perfect sampling frame only exists in developed countries, which covers a very small proportion of the world countries. On the other hand, in developing countries lists of the latest population census counts are generally used as the sampling frame for sample surveys. Therefore, in developing countries surveys which are planned for future periods long after the census date, cannot be representative of the related time period if the same census counts are utilized. Instead, population projections and data adjustment methodologies must be used to provide a representative probability selection of the updated population. This article proposes a population projection and adjustment methodology in order to establish the ideal selection probability for household surveys. The method contains the correction on the differences of the sum of strata and aggregated values. Comparative examples are also provided to clarify the proposed methodology.
Sampling designs proportionate to sum of two order statistics of auxiliary variable
Authors: Wywiał Janusz L.
Published: January 2024

In this paper the case of a conditional sampling design proportional to the sum of two order statistics is considered. Several strategies including the Horvitz-Thompson estimator and ratio-type estimators are discussed. The accuracy of these estimators is analyzed on the basis of computer simulation experiments.
Statistics as a profession – statistician as an occupation: observations and comments from a panel of experts
Authors: Okrasa Wlodzimierz , Witek Beata
Published: January 2024

Statisticians rarely devote as much attention to their profession as it does deserve, including such fundamental questions as what actually constitutes statistics today - as a discipline in relation to others, primarily to mathematics and observation-based sciences (theoretically or applied oriented), on one side, and in researching and teaching, on the other. Especially, given its inherent dynamics and externally caused transition to new stages of its permanent development, and what is their – statisticians' – own view of their occupational status, including who actually should unambiguously be considered statistician.
Conference report. The 22nd Didactic Conference on Teaching Quality Evaluation Methods
Authors: Kupis-Fijałkowska Aleksandra
Published: January 2024

The 22nd edition of Polish nationwide Didactic Conference was titled Teaching Quality Evaluation Methods (Metody oceny jakości nauczania) and was held in Łódź from 10th to 11th June 2013. The Conference was organized by the Institute of Statistics and Demography of the University of Łódź, with the cooperation of the Institute of Econometrics of the University of Łódź, under the honorary auspices of the President of the City of Łódź, Ms. Hanna Zdanowska.
Report. Summer School of Baltic-Nordic-Ukrainian Network on Survey Statistics 2013
Authors: Liberts Mārtiņš
Published: January 2024

The Summer School of Baltic-Nordic-Ukrainian Network on Survey Statistics 2013 was organised in Minsk (Belarus) on June 13–19. It was the seventeenth annual event organised by the Baltic-Nordic-Ukrainian Network on Survey Statistics (https://wiki.helsinki.fi/display/BNU). The objectives of the summer school were to present recent achievements and results, learn from teachers and colleagues, discuss the future, share opinions and experience, and strengthen contacts between survey statisticians.
Improved estimators for simple random sampling and stratified random sampling under second order of approximation
Authors: Sharma Prayas , Singh Rajesh
Published: January 2024

Singh and Solanki (2012) and Koyuncu (2012) proposed estimators for estimating population mean Y. Up to the first order of approximation and under optimum conditions, the minimum mean squared error of both the estimators is equal to the MSE of the regression estimator. In this paper, we have tried to find out the second order biases and mean square errors of these estimators using information on auxiliary variable based on simple random sampling. Finally, we have compared the performance of these estimators with some numerical illustration.
A ratio-cum-product estimator of finite population mean in systematic sampling
Authors: Tailor Rajesh , Jatwa Narendra K. , Singh Housila P.
Published: January 2024

In this paper we consider the problem of estimation of population mean using information on two auxiliary variables in systematic sampling. We have extended Singh (1967) estimator for estimation of population mean in systematic sampling. We have derived the expressions for the bias and mean squared error of the suggested estimator up to the first degree of approximation. We have compared the suggested estimator with existing estimators and obtained the conditions under which the suggested estimator is more efficient. An empirical study has been carried out to demonstrate the performance of the suggested estimator.
Some considerations on measuring the progressive principle violations and the potential equity in income tax systems
Authors: Mazurek Edyta , Vernizzi Achille
Published: January 2024

Kakwani and Lambert (1998) state three axioms which should be respected by an equitable tax system; then they propose a measurement system to evaluate at the same time the negative influences that axiom violations exert on the redistributive effect of taxes, and the potential equity of the tax system, which would be attained in absence of departures from equity. The authors calculate both the potential equity and the losses due to axiom violations, starting from the Kakwani (1977) progressivity index and the Kakwani (1984) decomposition of the redistributive effect. In this paper, we focus on the measure suggested by Kakwani and Lambert for the loss in potential equity, which is due to violations of the progressive principle: the authors’ measure is based on the tax rate re-ranking index, calculated with respect to the ranking of pre-tax income distribution. The aim of the paper is to achieve a better understanding of what Kakwani and Lambert’s measure actually represents, when it corrects the actual Kakwani progressivity index. The authors’ measure is first of all considered under its analytical aspects and then observed in different simulated tax systems. In order to better highlight its behaviour, simulations compare Kakwani and Lambert’s measure with the potential equity of a counterfactual tax distribution, which respects the progressive principle and preserves the overall tax revenue. The analysis presented in this article is performed by making use of the approach recently introduced by Pellegrino and Vernizzi (2013).
A modification of the probability weighted method of moments and its application to estimate the financial return distribution tail
Authors: Małecka Marta , Pekasiewicz Dorota
Published: January 2024

The issue of fitting the tail of the random variable with an unknown distribution plays a pivotal role in finance statistics since it paves the ground for estimation of high quantiles and subsequently offers risk measures. The parametric estimation of fat tails is based on the convergence to the generalized Pareto distribution (GPD). The paper explored the probability weighted method of moments (PWMM) applied to estimation of the GPD parameters. The focus of the study was on the tail index, commonly used to characterize the degree of tail fatness. The PWMM algorithm requires specification of the cdf estimate of the so-called excess variable and depends on the choice of the order of the probability weighted moments. We suggested modification of the PWMM method through the application of the level crossing empirical distribution function. Through the simulation study, the paper investigated statistical properties of the GPD shape parameter estimates with reference to the PWMM algorithm specification. The simulation experiment was designed with the use of fat-tailed distributions with parameters assessed on the basis of the empirical daily data for DJIA index. The results showed that, in comparison to the commonly used cdf formula, the choice of the level crossing empirical distribution function improved the statistical properties of the PWMM estimates. As a complementary analysis, the PWMM tail estimate of DJIA log returns distribution was presented.