bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of the microbiological fertilizer Slavol on the formation of early harvest of potatoes in the conditions of the Moscow region
Authors: Dyikanova M. E. , Gasparyan I. N. , Ivashova O. N. , Deniskina N. F. , Gasparyan Sh. V.
Published: September 2022

The article presents the results of a study of obtaining early potato production using a microbiological fertilizer in the conditions of the Moscow region. Early potato varieties were used for the study: Udacha, Bryansk delicacy, Red Scarlett, Zhukovsky early, Meteor, Riviera. All varieties of table appointment with high palatability are recommended for cultivation in the Nonchernozem zone of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the research is to study the effect of the microbiological fertilizer Slavol on the growth, development of early potato plants and productivity. The experiment was carried out in 2020-2021. Observations and records in the experiment were carried out according to generally accepted methods when conducting field and laboratory studies on potato crops. Mass seedlings were noted in the variants with the treatment of tubers with the microbiological fertilizer Slavol in the following sequence: variety Zhukovsky, Meteor, Riviera, Udacha, Bryansk delicacy. The maximum total period from germination to harvesting on July 15 was longer in the variant with treatment in the Zhukovsky early variety (56 days), which further affected the increase in yield. The use of the microbiological fertilizer Slavol contributed to an increase in yield for all the studied varieties from 22.2 to 42.8% in relation to the control variant. Thus, in the experiment, the positive effect of microbiological fertilizer Slavol on the growth, development and yield of early potato varieties in the conditions of the Moscow region was established.
Influence of woody vegetation on physico-chemical properties of sod-podzolic soils at Lesnaya Opytnaya Dacha of RSAU-MTAA named after K.A. Timiryazev
Authors: Naumov Vladimir , Kamennykh Natalia , Shmakova Kristina , Polyakov Alexey , Rashkovich Vasily
Published: September 2022

A research of the dependence of Lesnaya Opytnaya Dacha (LOD) soil properties on the varieties of the woody vegetation grown on these soils has been conducted. Measurements of the humus content, hydrolytic soil acidity, saline soil acidity and the sum of exchange base cations were used as main soil properties. Different types of vegetation were studied, including pure deciduous and pure coniferous stands and their mixtures in different proportions. Some controversial data was acquired, according to which, it appears that deciduous stands and coniferous stands do not have a statistically significant impact on the studied soil properties.
The effect of growth stimulators on the vegetative reproduction of North American tree species in the conditions of the Omsk region
Authors: Degtyarev A. I. , Barayshchuk G. V. , Gayvas A. A.
Published: September 2022

The relevance of studying the growth and development of North American cypress tree species in the Omsk region is due to the short period of their use in urban landscaping. The issues of effective production of planting material of these rocks in the West Siberian region have not been fully studied. The use of North American species in the landscaping of the city will expand the range of conifers and reduce the anthropogenic load. The research is devoted to the study of the effect of growth stimulants on vegetative reproduction by green cuttings of representatives of the Cypress family in 2018-2021 in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of the Omsk region. It has been established that all the studied preparations have a positive effect on the rooting of green cuttings of different forms of Western thuja. The green cuttings of the studied junipers took root better under the influence of heteroauxin, kornevin and ribav extra. An increase in the diameter of the root neck in the studied rocks was observed under the influence of kornevin.
Modeling the destruction of the grain shell of cereal crops
Authors: Nurullin Elmas , Dmitriev Andrey , Khaliullin Damir , Malanichev Igor
Published: September 2022

When processing grain cereals, hulling is an important part being the process of destruction of shell and separation of the fruit, from which cereals are prepared, which are a valuable food for people. As a result of theoretical research, a physicomathematical model of grain of cereal crops has been developed as a hulling object consisting of two separate structural elements (spherical shell and spherical kernel), each of which has its own geometric parameters and rheological properties. Mathematical dependences of the destructive stresses of the shell and kernel during static and dynamic interactions with working surfaces on their strength characteristics and geometric parameters are established. The obtained theoretical dependencies, together, represent a mathematical model describing the process of destruction of the grain shell of cereal crops under static and dynamic influences. It can be used to simulate sunflower seed shell hulling in vegetable oil production. The developed model provides quick and qualitative computational experiments with the use of computers and software, with the required set of given values of physical-mechanical and technological properties of the processed grain and structural and technological parameters of machines for destruction and separation of the shell. When using the appropriate software, it is possible to visualize the process of shell destruction with a full frame-by-frame picture of the distribution, magnitude, direction of loads and arising stresses. When using the appropriate software, it is possible to visualize the process of shell destruction with a full frame-by-frame picture of the distribution, magnitude, direction of loads and arising stresses. The possibility of solving this model using computer technology and modern software allows you to significantly reduce the labor intensity of natural experiments, while excluding random and systematic errors associated with the experimental equipment and the researcher.
Lysozyme, anti-lysozyme, hemolytic and adhesive activity in serration cultures isolated from dairy products
Authors: Gairabekov R. Kh. , Molochaeva L. G. , Mirzoeva N. M.
Published: September 2022

Isolation of pathogenic or opportunistic bacteria from surrounding environment, food products, animals and humans requires establishing their potential pathogenic potential. In this work, the authors have studied 109 cultures of bacteria belonging to the species Serratia marcescens of which: 61 museum cultures, 29 cultures isolated from small ruminants and environmental objects, 19 cultures isolated from dairy products produced on private farmsteads in the Chechen Republic for the presence of lysozyme, antilysozyme, hemolytic and adhesive activity in them.
Circular economy in agriculture as a vector for energy security strengthening
Authors: Zoryna Tatsiana , Valeeva Julia , Liubchyk Volha , Morozova Irina , Uteeva Elmira
Published: September 2022

The article examines the principles of circular economy, its influence on energy security and sustainable development of the country. The possibilities of circular economy implementation in the sector of agriculture are described. The results of circular economy survey are analyzed, main barriers of waste use in agriculture of the Republic of Belarus are detected. The dynamics of livestock and poultry heads number was analyzed and its main trends are found, the forecast for the period of 2022-2030 was made. The assessment of current theoretical and technically available biogas production potential in the Republic of Belarus, as well as the forecast till 2030, is made. The authors evaluated the effect from biogas from agricultural waste, such as waste from livestock and poultry vital activity usage on fuel and energy resource consumption and the indicators of energy security of the Republic of Belarus and Tatarstan.
The efficiency of using synthesized fertilizers via foliar feeding and drip irrigation in various soil and climatic zones of the Republic of Armenia
Authors: Gasparyan Gayane H. , Yeritsyan Lousine S. , Gali B. T. , Sharypova N. Kh. , Yeritsyan Seryozha K.
Published: September 2022

In the current research paper, a new water-soluble combined fertilizer (WCF) is introduced, the composition of which is determined via the agrochemical composition of the soils of Armenia, and besides, its effectiveness has been further investigated. It has been established that when applying the recommended fertilizer through foliar feeding or soaking the seeds, the yield is significantly increased and its quality is improved. Under the impact of WCF, the yield increase compared to the NPK variant was as follows: for winter wheat under non-irrigated conditions – 5.1 c/ha, for tomato – 49 c/ha, for grapevine – 20 c/ha, while when using 20:20:20 the increase in yield capacity was 10.0 c/ha, 3.7 c/ha, and 8.0 c/ha, respectively.
Biological parameters of juveniles of Gadus morhua Linnaeus, 1958 and Pollachius virens (Linnaeus, 1958) in the fjords affected by anthropogenic load, by the example of the Kola Bay, the Barents Sea
Authors: Bondarev Oleg V. , Tyukina Olga S.
Published: September 2022

The paper continues the series of studies aimed on analyzing the biological processes taking place in the coastal zone of the Barents Sea. The size and weight parameters, age and sex structure, as well as the feeding of juveniles of Atlantic cod and saithe in the intertidal zone. There are pronounced seasonal changes in the studied parameters. Gammaridae play a large role in nutrition, but cannibalism is well-pronounced. Malformation of the otolith structure is recorded. The data obtained may be used for further monitoring or applied for the ecosystem modeling.
Marketing research on the study of consumer preferences for sweet dishes
Authors: Kharmich E. E. , Brazhnaia I. E. , Kulik O. M. , Sudak S. N. , Korchunov V. V.
Published: September 2022

The article presents the analysis research results of the confectionery mass market of production and consumption. A comparative characteristic of the confectionery products consumption by residents of Russia and Europe is carried out, the reasons for the differences in consumption are clarified. An analysis of the confectionery market in Russia in 2015–2019, coronavirus impact assessment on it, and a forecast for 2020–2024, according to “Businesstat” data, is presented. Based on the Russian State Policy goals in the field of healthy nutrition, the production priorities of the raw materials food main types that meet modern quality and safety requirements are determined, the introduction development vector of additional regional raw materials is determined, taking into account the of the region population traditions: berry raw materials, algae (kelp). When conducting marketing research, the methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis were used in this work. Marketing research was conducted using the questionnaire method, the sample size was 100 random respondents. The object of the study was consumer preferences when choosing sweet dishes. The survey examined consumer preferences in the category of sweet dishes: whether consumers of Murmansk region buy sweet dishes, where they buy them, what kind of sweet dishes they prefer, what possible additives would be acceptable and preferable for the consumer, what Murmansk-city and the region residents rely on when choosing and buying a sweet dish. Based on marketing research, the sweet dish producing feasibility that meets the potential consumers requirements and preferences was revealed. The consumers interest in this product type enriched with berries of the Kola Peninsula is established.
Sanitary and ecological assessment of fishery water-use objects in the Arctic
Authors: Litvinova M. , Makarevich E. , Alekseevskaya E. , Garbul A. , Kozhukhova E.
Published: September 2022

This work is devoted to the study of sanitary and hygienic monitoring of fishery water use objects in Murmansk region. The paper presents assessment of the ecological and sanitary conditions of fishery reservoirs in the Arctic region of the Kola and Tuloma rivers for the period 2016-2018 based on the use of microbiological, hydrochemical and parasitological indicators, as well as the integral index of surface water pollution. Hydrochemical studies consisted of determining the biochemical oxygen consumption, the mass content of NH4+, NO2-, NO3-, iron, and dissolved O2. The assessment of the river waters sanitary state was carried out by means of microbiological and parasitological methods. The microbiological parameters were used to determine the number of common and thermotolerant coliform bacteria, coliphages, and the presence of intestinal infections pathogens. The water of rivers does not meet the hygienic standards in terms of hydrochemical indicators in seventeen percent and in terms of microbiological indicators in five percent of cases. According to parasitological indicators, hygienic standards meet the requirements. In five points of water sampling, the water of the Tuloma and Kola rivers was evaluated as pure according to the integral hydrochemical index value and belongs to the second category of quality. In general, the high-water quality of Murmansk region rivers was noted. In conclusion, it should be emphasized that systematic monitoring of water supply sources is necessary to obtain an idea of the indicators’ variability and to assess the rivers pollution degree.
Technical and economic indicators calculation for rainbow trout juveniles growing nursery in Murmansk region
Authors: Priymak P. G. , Kravets P. P. , Boroukhin D. S. , Lyutkevich A. I.
Published: September 2022

The paper describes characteristic features of rainbow trout fish seed material market in Murmansk region and in Russia, gives the description of the main elements of the organizational and production plans of the farm enterprise, presents the fish-breeding calculation of the proposed farm as well as the main technical and economic indicators. The urgency of creating a nursery for growing rainbow trout juveniles in Murmansk region is justified.
Impact of mineral fertilizers on winter wheat quality using No-Till technology
Authors: Ilchenko Yaroslav , Buryukova Olga , Ilyushechkin Vitaly , Erin Vladimir
Published: September 2022

The paper presents the study of the influence of ammophos, potassium magnesia and ammonium nitrate on the content of protein, gluten and grain unit of winter wheat using No-Till technology in the edaphoclimatic conditions of the southern zone of Rostov Region. It was shown that the application of mineral fertilizers to the surface soil layer during winter wheat cultivation using No-Till technology improves the grain quality. The highest grain quality parameters (protein content – 13.4% and gluten content – 25.3%, grain unit – 780.0 g/l) were obtained when ammophos and potassium magnesia were jointly added prior to sowing at a depth of 10 cm with double dressing of ammonium nitrate in the tillering and booting phases. High direct dependence of protein content in winter wheat grain on the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen in soil in the booting phase was revealed in all test layers: 0–10 (r = 0.85), 10–20 (r = 0.72), 0–30 cm (r = 0.76). The gluten content in the grain and its grain unit significantly depended on the mobility of phosphorus in the surface soil layer – 0–10 cm (r = 0.66 and 0.52, respectively). Along with the quality improvement of winter wheat grain, the rational use of mineral fertilizers in the No-Till system increases its yield. There is a direct positive relationship between grain protein content and winter wheat yield (r = 0.93).
Study of vortex pneumatic sprayer for liquid disinfection
Authors: Ivanov Boris , Ziganschin Bulat , Dmitriev Andrei , Medvedev Vladimir , Gayfullin Ilnur
Published: September 2022

The production of high-quality livestock products can be achieved by upgrading livestock breeds and complying with zootechnical requirements of ensuring sanitary well-being in animal houses. Different ways are applied to gain the proper clean condition of livestock houses and equipment, disinfection preparations for working surfaces. Besides, non-compliance with the requirements for operating devices and standards for disinfectant consumption leads to increased antimicrobial resistance of microorganisms [1]. The efficiency of disinfection depends mainly on the technical capabilities of the units, mainly on the spray devices. Many researchers solve complex problems by optimizing spray devices' design and technological parameters to improve their spray quality [2]. The authors developed a vortex pneumatic sprayer for liquids for the disinfection process. The dispersion composition of disinfectant liquid aerosols was obtained in different operating regimes of the proposed sprayer design. Based on experimental data, dependencies of the influence working pressures of disinfectant liquid and compressed air in their supply channels on the dispersion were obtained. The flow rates of the vortex pneumatic sprayer during its operation in various regimes were determined. Dependencies of disinfectant liquid flow rate through the sprayer were constructed at different pressure ratios in supply channels of working fluids (disinfectant liquid and compressed air) and the angle between them. Optimal design parameters of the vortex pneumatic sprayer for aerosol disinfection of livestock houses and equipment were determined.
Affections respiratoires supérieures
Authors: Canonne-Guibert Morgane
Published: September 2022

Parmi les affections des voies respiratoires supérieures, selon le site anatomique touché, l’exploration diagnostique nécessitera souvent a minima un examen endoscopique, celui-ci pouvant suffire dans de nombreux cas. À ce titre, pour les atteintes laryngées et trachéales ou dans l’exploration d’un syndrome obstructif respiratoire des races brachycéphales, il convient de réaliser l’endoscopie chez un animal non intubé pour parfaitement visualiser les voies respiratoires dans leur position et leur mouvement naturels. Pour les atteintes nasales et nasopharyngées, l’examen tomodensitométrique pourra s’avérer complémentaire ; pour les atteintes trachéales, la radiographie reste un très bon examen dans le cadre des affections obstructives (collapsus, sténose, tumeur) compte tenu du contraste apporté par l’air luminal. De nombreuses affections conduiront à la programmation d’une intervention chirurgicale (syndrome obstructif respiratoire des races brachycéphales, paralysie laryngée, polype nasopharyngé, rétroversion épiglottique), d’autres motiveront une prise en charge mini-invasive (sténose nasopharyngée) ou une prise en charge plus spécifique comme lors de processus tumoral. Au détour de la démarche diagnostique de confirmation, il convient également de rechercher les éventuelles complications d’une atteinte obstructive : bronchopneumonie par aspiration, hyperthermie, anomalies œsophagiennes (dilatation aérique majeure, redondance, hernie hiatale, œsophagite). Dans le contexte d’urgence, la stabilisation d’une atteinte obstructive est peu spécifique et repose sur trois piliers : une oxygénothérapie, une sédation comprenant le plus souvent du butorphanol +/- alpha-2 mimétique et le traitement des complications éventuelles (antibiotique lors d’aspiration, antiacides et pansements lors de conséquences œsophagiennes). Enfin, toute obstruction respiratoire s’accompagne d’une inflammation et d’un œdème des muqueuses respiratoires et doit conduire à l’initiation d’une corticothérapie efficace et temporaire.
Le collapsus trachéal chez le chien
Authors: Mourou Kévin , Lavoué Rachel , Diquelou Armelle
Published: September 2022

Le collapsus trachéal est une affection respiratoire chronique et progressive couramment rencontrée chez le chien de petit format, résultant d’une dégénérescence des anneaux cartilagineux soutenant la trachée associée à une flaccidité de la membrane trachéale dorsale. Cette maladie affecte principalement les chiens de petite taille et de race naine, d’âge moyen à avancé. La gravité des symptômes est variable et dépend essentiellement du stade du collapsus et des éventuelles autres anomalies du tractus respiratoire. Différentes procédures diagnostiques peuvent être utilisées, seules ou en association, pour détecter un collapsus trachéal. Si la réalisation de multiples clichés radiographiques peut être suffisante pour établir le diagnostic, une exploration dynamique des voies respiratoires par fluoroscopie et/ou endoscopie est le plus souvent recommandée pour déterminer avec précision les caractéristiques du collapsus, rechercher d’éventuelles affections intercurrentes telle qu’une bronchomalacie et orienter la décision thérapeutique.
Liebe Freundinnen und Freunde, liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen,
Authors: Latzin Philipp
Published: September 2022

Nach der virtuellen Jahrestagung 2021 in Hamburg und der kurzfristigen Verschiebung
des Termins für die Jahrestagung 2022 ist es jetzt hoffentlich bald wieder
soweit: wir treffen uns persönlich auf einer echten Jahrestagung und
können uns austauschen und gemeinsam diskutieren (vielleicht sogar ohne
Maske). Ich freue mich sehr darauf und hoffe, dass viele von Euch nach Bern kommen
können!
Das Wunder von Bern
Authors: Kopp Matthias V.
Published: September 2022

Ende September wird im legendären Wankdorf-Stadion die
43. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Pneumologie
stattfinden. Gut zweieinhalb Jahre nach dem Beginn der COVID-19-Pandemie wird es die
erste Jahrestagung sein, bei der wir uns – hoffentlich! – wieder
persönlich treffen können. Unsere Fachgesellschaft hat sich in
dieser Zeit verändert: Wir haben gelernt, dass man eine Jahrestagung auch
virtuell abhalten kann. Wir denken immer mehr über digitale
Fortbildungsangebote nach. Die «Junge GPP» wurde gegründet
und ist im Vorfeld dieser Jahrestagung sehr aktiv gewesen. In der Arbeitsgruppe GPP
der Zukunft haben wir uns u. a. über unsere Zusammenarbeit mit der
Industrie auseinandergesetzt und führen eine Befragung unserer Mitglieder
durch, um einen gemeinsamen Weg in dieser Frage für die Zukunft zu
definieren. Wir haben unsere Kongresszeitschrift aufgegeben und beginnen mit der
heutigen Ausgabe eine professionelle Zusammenarbeit mit der Klinischen
Pädiatrie, mit peer-review editierten Beiträgen, die dann auch
über pubMed zu finden sind. Die Anfragen an die Geschäftsstelle der
GPP zu Leitlinien, Stellungnahmen, Weiterbildungsthemen und
Öffentlichkeitsarbeit sind in den letzten Jahren deutlich angestiegen. Und
schliesslich endet im September meine Zeit als GPP-Präsident und wir
wählen gemeinsam einen neuen Vorstand.
Inhaled Milrinone via HFNC as a Postextubation Cardiopulmonary Elixir: Case Series and Review of Literature
Authors: Bansal Noopur , Magoon Rohan , Kalaiselvan Jaffrey , Shri Iti , Kohli Jasvinder Kaur , Kashav Ramesh Chand
Published: September 2022

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) often complicates perioperative course following pediatric cardiac surgery, often presenting unique challenges to the attending cardiac anesthesiologist. Apart from difficult weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass, PH can often compound weaning from mechanical ventilation in this postoperative subset. From pathophysiological standpoint, the former can be attributed to concurrent detrimental cardiopulmonary consequences of PH as a multisystemic syndrome. Therefore, with an objective to address the affected systems, that is, cardiac and pulmonary simultaneously, we report combined use of inhaled milrinone (a pulmonary vasodilator) through high-frequency nasal cannula (oxygen reservoir and continuous positive airway pressure delivery device), purported to complement each other's mechanism of action in the management of PH, thereby hastening postoperative recovery. This article additionally presents a nuanced perspective on the advantages of combining the aforementioned therapies and hence proposing the same as a possible “postoperative cardiopulmonary elixir.”
The remarkable contributions of ten outstanding women to Australian coral reef science
Authors: Hutchings Pat , Brown Barbara E. , Byrne Maria , Hamylton Sarah , Spencer Tom
Published: September 2022

This article summarises the careers of ten women who have made an amazing contribution to our knowledge of Australian coral reefs and their management, and how this contribution has been used by the Great Barrier Reef Committee (subsequently the Australian Coral Reef Society) to conserve and manage our reefs—an ongoing process in the face of climate change.
Integrative taxonomy of the stick insect genus
Authors: Jones Braxton R. , Brock Paul D. , Mantovani Barbara , Beasley-Hall Perry , Yeates David K. , Lo Nathan
Published: September 2022

Austrocarausius Brock, 2000 is a stick insect (Phasmatodea: Lonchodidae) genus containing two species restricted to the tropical rainforests of northern Queensland. Recent specimen collections between the two species’ type localities, Lizard Island and Rockhampton, have suggested that Austrocarausius might represent more than the two nominal species. Here, we apply morphological and molecular analyses to revise the taxonomy of this genus. Using both field-collected and historic museum samples, we developed morphological species hypotheses and descriptions. Genetic sequencing of mitochondrial COI and 16S were undertaken for species delimitation and phylogenetic analysis, including an estimate of the evolutionary timescale of the genus. Based on these results, we propose nine new Austrocarausius species, increasing the number of species in the genus to eleven: A. nigropunctatus (Kirby, 1896), A. mercurius (Stål, 1877), A. coronatus sp. nov., A. decorus sp. nov., A. eirmosus sp. nov., A. gasterbulla sp. nov., A. tuberosus sp. nov., A. macropunctatus sp. nov., A. truncatus sp. nov. A. waiben sp. nov. and A. walkeri sp. nov. Our results suggest Austrocarausius species diversified over the last c. 25–70 Ma, resulting in the now endemic distributions in the tropical rainforests of the central and northern Queensland coasts. This is the first integrative systematic study of an Australian phasmid genus, combining morphological, molecular and biogeographical methods. Additional species of Austrocarausius likely remain undescribed as can be inferred from methodical sampling of rainforest patches along the Queensland coast.
Two translation approaches to sound orchestration in Wisława Szymborska’s poem “Hermitage”
Authors: Godlewska Małgorzata
Published: September 2022

This paper explores two different translation strategies to the issue of sound (operetta) stylisation in the poem “Hermitage” [Pustelnia] by WisławaSzymborska (1981), winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature. The methodology borrows from Gideon Toury’sDescriptive Translation Studies(1995,2012), Itamar Even-Zohar’s polysystem theory (1978,1990). A comparative study of two different translations of the poem conducted by two teams of prominent translators is carried out. This method of exploration intends to reveal the underlying translation mode, the first one towards the text’s accuracy and the second one towards the text’s adequacy.

It is argued that the translators’ domesticating procedures, preeminent in the second translation, succeed in recreating the invariant source sound stylisation and the poem’s discursiveness, though at the expense of the semantics of the original. Relying on polysystem theory, the author concludes with the correspondence between the target texts’ divergent positions in the polysystem and their translation modes, each adopted in a different historical and cultural context.
One Health or ‘One Health washing’? An alternative to overcome now more than ever
Authors: Giraudoux Patrick , Besombes Camille , Bompangue Didier , Guégan Jean-François , Mauny Frédéric , Morand Serge
Published: September 2022

In March 2022, WHO, WOAH, FAO, and UNEP jointly advocated a rebalancing of the multiple components of One Health, explicitly including the notion of equity between sectors and disciplines, and a clearer ecological vision of the whole. Here we illustrate the vital need for this shift based on the multi-decadal experience of the authors in this field of research. We explain why One Health research still crucially requires the expansion of the current collaborations between disciplines and sectors to achieve its goals, and to release significant funding in each field for a successful transformational change. If not, ‘One Health’ will still stay as an aspiration and will not hit its promised targets.

One Health Impact Statement

In March 2022, WHO, WOAH, FAO, and UNEP jointly advocated a rebalancing of the multiple components of One Health, explicitly including the notion of equity between sectors and disciplines, and a clearer ecological vision of the whole. Here we illustrate the vital need for this shift based on the multi-decadal experience of the authors in this field of research. We explain why One Health research still crucially requires the expansion of the current collaborations between disciplines and sectors to achieve its goals, and to release significant funding in each field for a successful transformational change. If not, ‘One Health’ will still stay as an aspiration and will not hit its promised targets.
Mechanistic modelling of cryo-deformation and post-annealing of aluminium
Authors: Alyani Ali , Kazeminezhad Mohsen
Published: September 2022

Dynamic recovery (DRV) occurs through severe plastic deformation (SPD) of high-stacking fault energy metals, even at room temperature. SPD at sub-zero or relatively low temperatures, namely cryo-deformation, has long been employed to confer enhanced mechanical properties due to the suppression of DRV. In this paper, mechanistic models with a metallurgical sense are investigated for low- and room-temperature SPD (200 and 300 K) and post-annealing of aluminium. Cellular substructure as well as cross-slip and climb effects are considered in the modelling of SPD. A model based on stored energy is also used for the contribution of dislocation density to post-annealing behaviour. The predicted flow stress curve is fitted the experimental results perfectly. The mechanistic modelling of SPD has demonstrated a multi-stage work-hardening behaviour, which entails more details such as the mutual effects of DRV and dynamic recrystallisation. The annealing experimental results are in line with the post-annealing model outputs.
Growth and Survival of Juvenile Queen Conch Strombus gigas Fed Artificial Diets Containing Varying Levels of Digestible Protein and Energy
Authors: Garr Amber L , Acosta-Salmón Héctor , Riche Marty , Davis Megan , Capo Thomas R , Haley David , Tracy Patrick
Published: September 2022

Aquaculture methods for queen conch Strombus gigas have been established for several decades. However, there is a need to improve husbandry techniques for the grow out of juveniles. The purpose of this study was to determine the growth and survival of juvenile queen conchs fed artificial diets with increasing levels of a red alga Agardhiella sp. Agardhiella, soy protein isolate, and fish oil were increased at the expense of catfish feed, wheat flour, or both to keep the diets isonitrogenous (38% crude protein [CP]) with increasing protein to energy ratios (83–96 mg CP/kcal). Yttrium was also incorporated as an inert marker for determining the digestibility of dietary nutrients. Juvenile queen conchs were stocked at 75/m2 for a total of 16 conchs per replicate (three replicates) and were fed 125 mg of diet per conch each day for 6 months. Dietary crude protein ranged from 31% to 38%. The dietary lipid, moisture, energy, ash, fiber, carbohydrate, and yttrium in each diet were also determined. Juvenile conchs were measured (shell length and wet weight) every 6 weeks. At the end of the experiment, feces were collected to determine protein, energy, and dry matter digestibility. Results indicated the highest growth rates (0.10 mm/d and 0.11 mm/d) and survival were for conchs that were fed diets containing a soy protein isolate protein substitution of 15% or less. This study highlights the importance of the protein source in the artificial diets of juvenile queen conchs.

Received December 14, 2009; accepted June 26, 2010
Analyzing compound pendulum data
Authors: Hinrichsen Peter F
Published: September 2022

The period T of an undamped compound pendulum depends on just three variables, the rotation axis to center of mass distance a, the gyradius k of the pendulum about its center of mass and the gravitational acceleration g. The extraction of these parameters from typical undergraduate measurements of the pendulum period

T

x

as a function of the axis position x is presented. Measurement of just two periods and the pivot displacement Δx allows any two of the parameters to be measured. Three period measurements at pivot displacements b and c allow all three parameters a, k and g to be determined, without any knowledge of the pendulum properties.
From theory to hands-on: teaching experimental plasma physics using small plasma devices at DTU
Authors: Rasmussen Jesper , Grulke Olaf , Nielsen Stefan Kragh
Published: September 2022

At the Technical University of Denmark (DTU), we have in recent years acquired or developed three small plasma devices. These consist of a small tokamak (NORTH), an inertial electrostatic confinement device, and a linear plasma device. This has enabled a restructuring of our teaching in plasma physics and nuclear fusion, allowing courses with a dedicated experimental focus. Here we describe the use of these devices in our teaching of fusion plasma physics, with particular emphasis on their integration in a new experimental Master’s level course. We also present examples of BSc and MSc projects completed at these experiments and offer some didactic reflections on student learning during our courses and projects. Our experience so far has validated the potential for student-driven activities at all levels to make useful scientific contributions to the experimental study of laboratory plasmas.
Optics of the metalens
Authors: Moreno Ivan
Published: September 2022

A metalens is an ultra-thin lens made of a metasurface, with focusing and imaging functions, and with promising applications in miniature optical systems, such as mobile devices. This paper gives an introduction to the optics of metalenses. First, we examine the focusing and imaging characteristics of metalenses. And then, as an essential step, we derive the refraction law of metasurfaces from the Huygens’s principle. It is then that some basic formulas of the metalens, for focusing and imaging, are derived at a level appropriate for undergraduate students. We begin with the derivation of the phase profile of a metalens. Then we derive the lens equation of the metalens, which relates the object and image distance in a metalens. The paper closes with a discussion of the relationship between the metalens and the classical refractive lens.
Do moving clocks slow down?
Authors: Alizzi Abdaljalel , Sen Abhijit , Silagadze Zurab K
Published: September 2022

The special theory of relativity has fundamentally changed our views of space and time. The relativity of simultaneity in particular, and the theory of relativity as a whole, still presents significant difficulty for beginners in the theory. The difficulty stems from the fact that the usual presentation of special relativity is based on Newtonian concepts, which are relativized and change their meaning in the course of the presentation. A better pedagogical practice, in our opinion, would be to base the presentation from the very beginning on the four-dimensional formulation of Minkowski and thus remove from the theory all the paradoxical connotations that invariably accompany the usual presentation of special relativity.
Bursting dynamics and the bifurcation mechanism of a modified Rayleigh-van der Pol-Duffing oscillator
Authors: Zhao Heqi , Ma Xindong , Zhang Bin , Bi Qinsheng
Published: September 2022

In this paper, complex bursting patterns in a modified Rayleigh-van der Pol-Duffing oscillator(abbreviated as MRPDO) under the simultaneous effect of parametric and external excitations are given theoretically by fast-slow analysis method. Four different kinds of bursting oscillations, i.e. bursting of compound asymmetric ‘Homoclinic/Homoclinic’ type, bursting of compound asymmetric ‘delayed Homoclinic/Homoclinic’ type, bursting of compound ‘fold/delayed Homoclinic connection/supHopf-supHopf/supHopf’ type and bursting of ‘fold/delayed Homoclinic’ type, are studied. For bursting of compound ‘fold/delayed Homoclinic connection/supHopf-supHopf/supHopf’ type, we explain the delay generation mechanism. Based on the characteristics of the Homoclinic-limit cycles, we propose the concepts of the approximate quiescent state and peculiar limit cycle attractor.
First-principles study of optoelectronic and thermoelectronic properties of the ScAgC half-Heusler compound
Authors: Kumar Solet Vinod , Sk Shamim , Pandey Sudhir K
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we have presented a theoretical study in the context of photovoltaic (PV) and thermoelectric (TE) applications of ScAgC. The electronic, optical, and thermoelectric properties have been investigated systematically using DFT and semi-classical Boltzmann transport theory. DFT calculates a direct band-gap of ∼0.47 eV, whereas the G
0
W
0 method estimates a band-gap of ∼1.01 eV. We used parabola fitting to estimate the effective mass (m
*) values for bands B1-B4 at Γ-point, which are ∼−0.087 (−0.075), ∼−0.17 (−0.27), ∼−0.17 (−0.27), and ∼0.049 (0.058) along the Γ-X (Γ-L) direction, respectively. We have investigated phonon dispersion and thermal properties. Furthermore, the properties of optoelectronics are calculated and analysed over a range of photon energies from 0 to 10 eV. The optical conductivity σ(ω), refractive index

n

˜

(
ω
)

, and dielectric function ϵ(ω) show strong optical transitions in the visible region. The lowest calculated value of reflectivity r(ω) is ∼0.24 at ∼4.7 eV, and the highest calculated value of absorption coefficient α(ω) is ∼1.7 × 106 cm−1 at ∼8.5 eV. At 300 K, we have expected a maximum solar efficiency (SLME) of ∼33% at ∼1 μm of thickness. The lattice part of thermal conductivity κ

ph
shows a maximum value of ∼3.8 Wm
−1
K
−1 at 1200 K. At 1200 K, for electron doping of ∼3.9 × 1021cm−3, the maximum value of S
2
σ/τ is ∼145 × 1014
μ WK−2 cm−1 s−1, while for hole doping of ∼1.5 × 1021cm−3, it is ∼123 × 1014
μ WK−2 cm−1 s−1. The highest ZT at 1200 K is expected to be ∼0.53, whereas the optimal %efficiency is predicted to be ∼8.5% for cold and hot temperatures of 300 K and 1200 K, respectively. The collected results suggest that the ScAgC compound would be a potential candidate for renewable energy sources such as solar cell and TE applications.
Dark radiation constraints on portal interactions with hidden sectors
Authors: Adshead Peter , Ralegankar Pranjal , Shelton Jessie
Published: September 2022

We update dark radiation constraints on millicharged particle (MCP) and gauged
baryon-number-minus-lepton-number (B-L) extensions of the Standard Model (SM). In these models,
a massive SM gauge singlet mediator couples the SM plasma to additional SM-singlet light degrees
of freedom. In the early Universe, these new light particles are populated via the interaction of
the SM with the MCP, or the new B-L gauge boson, and act as dark radiation. The presence of dark
radiation in the early Universe is tightly constrained by current and upcoming cosmic microwave
background (CMB) measurements. We update bounds on MCPs from current measurements of N
eff and
show that future CMB experiments will be able to rule out or discover the extended MCP model
invoked to explain the EDGES anomaly. Our analysis of the gauged B-L model goes beyond previous
studies by including quantum-statistical and out-of-equilibrium effects. Further, we account for
the finite lifetime of the B-L gauge boson, which boosts the subsequent right-handed neutrino
energy density. We also develop a number of approximations and techniques for simplifying and
solving the relevant Boltzmann equations. We use our approximations to develop a lower bound on
the radiation density in a generic hidden sector with a light relic that is insensitive to the
details of the hidden sector, provided the mediator interacts more strongly with the hidden sector
than with the SM.
Optical Time-series Photometry of the Symbiotic Nova V1835 Aquilae
Authors: Caddy Robert V. , Layden Andrew C. , Reichart Daniel E. , Haislip Joshua B. , Kouprianov Vladimir V. , Ivarsen Kevin M. , Moore Justin P. , LaCluyze Aaron P. , Linder Tyler R. , Nysewander Melissa C.
Published: September 2022

We present time-series CCD photometry in the BVRI passbands of the recently identified symbiotic nova V1835 Aquilae (NSV 11749) over an interval of 5.1 yr with 7–14 day cadence, observed during its quiescence. We find slow light variations with a range of ∼0.9 mag in V and ∼0.3 mag in I. Analysis of these data show strong periodicity at 419 ± 10 days, which we interpret to be the system’s orbital period. A dip in the otherwise-sinusoidal phased light curve suggests a weak ellipsoidal effect due to tidal distortion of the giant star, which in turn opens the possibility that V1835 Aql transfers some of its mass to the hot component via Roche lobe overflow rather than via a stellar wind. We also find evidence that V1835 Aql is an S-type symbiotic star, relatively free of circumstellar dust, and include it among the nuclear burning group of symbiotics. Finally, we provide photometry, periods, and light curve classifications for 22 variable stars in the field around V1835 Aql, about half of which are newly identified.
LAMOST medium-resolution spectroscopic survey of binarity and exotic star (LAMOST-MRS-B): Observation strategy and target selection
Authors: Li Jiao , Li Jiang-Dan , Guo Yan-Jun , Han Zhan-Wen , Chen Xue-Fei , Liu Chao , Ge Hong-Wei , Jiang Deng-Kai , Li Li-Fang , Zhang Bo , Liu Jia-Ming , Tian Hao , Zhang Hao-Tong , Yuan Hai-Long , Cui Wen-Yuan , Ren Juan-Juan , Cai Jing-Hao , Shi Jian-Rong
Published: September 2022

LAMOST-MRS-B is one of the sub-surveys of LAMOST medium-resolution (R ∼ 7500) spectroscopic survey. It aims at studying the statistical properties (e.g., binary fraction, orbital period distribution, mass ratio distribution) of binary stars and exotic stars. We intend to observe about 30000 stars (10 mag ≤ G < 14.5 mag) with at least 10 visits in five years. We first planned to observe 25 plates around the galactic plane in 2018. Then the plates were reduced to 12 in 2019 because of the limitation of observation. At the same time, two new plates located at the high galactic latitude were added to explore binary properties influenced by the different environments. In this survey project, we set the identified exotic and low-metallicity stars with the highest observation priorities. For the rest of the selected stars, we gave the higher priority to the relatively brighter stars in order to obtain high quality spectra as many as possible. Spectra of 49129 stars have been obtained in LAMOST-MRS-B field and released in DR8, of which 28828 and 3375 stars have been visited more than twice and ten times with SNR ≥ 10, respectively. Most of the sources are B-, A-, and F-type stars with –0.6 < [Fe/H] < 0.4 dex. We also obtain 347 identified variable and exotic stars and about 250 stars with [Fe/H] < –1 dex. We measure radial velocities (RVs) by using 892233 spectra of the stars. The uncertainties of RV achieve about 1 km ⋅ s−1 and 10 km ⋅ s−1 for 95% of late- and early-type stars, respectively. The datasets presented in this paper are available at http://www.doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00035.
Tailoring of thermal expansion and phase transition temperature of ZrW2O8 with phosphorus and enhancement of negative thermal expansion of ZrW1.5P0.5O7.75
Authors: Zhang Chenjun , He Xiaoke , Min Zhiyu , Li Baozhong
Published: September 2022

ZrW2O8 is a typical isotropic negative thermal expansion material with cubic structure. However, quenching preparation, pressure phase transition and metastable structure influence its practical applications. Adopting P to part-substitute W for ZrW2−x
P
x
O8–0.5x
has decreased the sintering temperature and avoided the quenching process. When x = 0.1, ZrW1.9P0.1O7.95 with a stable cubic structure can be obtained at 1150 °C. The thermal expansion coefficient is tailored with the P content, and phase transition temperature is lowered. When x = 0.5, thermal expansion coefficient attains −13.6 × 10−6 °C−1, ZrW1.5P0.5O7.75 exhibits enhance negative thermal expansion property. The difference of electronegativity leads to the decrease of phase transition temperature with the increase of P content. The different radii of ions lead to new structure of materials when P substitutes more. The results suggest that the P atom plays the stabilization role in the crystal structure of ZrW2−x
P
x
O8–0.5x
.
Gas- and plasma-driven hydrogen permeation behavior of stagnant eutectic-solid GaInSn/Fe double-layer structure
Authors: Jing Wen-Na , Liu Jian-Xing , Guo Heng-Xin , Wang Si-Shu , Bi Hai-Lin , Chen Bo , Chen Jian-Jun , Wang Hong-Bin , Wei Jian-Jun , Ye Zong-Biao , Gou Fu-Jun
Published: September 2022

Gas-driven permeation (GDP) and plasma-driven permeation (PDP) of hydrogen gas through GaInSn/Fe are systematically investigated in this work. The permeation parameters of hydrogen through GaInSn/Fe, including diffusivity, Sieverts’ constant, permeability, and surface recombination coefficient are obtained. The permeation flux of hydrogen through GaInSn/Fe shows great dependence on external conditions such as temperature, hydrogen pressure, and thickness of liquid GaInSn. Furthermore, the hydrogen permeation behavior through GaInSn/Fe is well consistent with the multi-layer permeation theory. In PDP and GDP experiments, hydrogen through GaInSn/Fe satisfies the diffusion-limited regime. In addition, the permeation flux of PDP is greater than that of GDP. The increase of hydrogen plasma density hardly causes the hydrogen PDP flux to change within the test scope of this work, which is due to the dissolution saturation. These findings provide guidance for a comprehensive and systematic understanding of hydrogen isotope recycling, permeation, and retention in plasma-facing components under actual conditions.
Role of inflexible minorities in the evolution of alcohol consumption
Authors: Crokidakis Nuno , Sigaud Lucas
Published: September 2022

In this work we study a simple contagion model for drinking behavior evolution, but including the presence of inflexible or zealot agents, i.e. individuals that never change their behavior (never drink or always drink a lot). We analyze the impact of such special agents in the evolution of drinking behavior in the population. Our analytical and numerical results indicate that the presence of only one class of inflexible agents destroys one of the two possible absorbing phases that are observed in the model without such inflexibles. In the presence of the both kinds of inflexible agents simultaneously, there are no absorbing states anymore. Since absorbing states are collective macroscopic states with the presence of only one kind of individuals in the population, we argue that the inclusion of inflexible agents in the population makes the model more realistic. Furthermore, the presence of inflexible agents are similar to the introduction of quenched disorder in the model, and here we observe the suppression of a nonequilibrium phase transition to absorbing states, which had not been reported before.