bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extra-nasopharyngeal extension of juvenile angiofibroma
Authors: Hazarika P. , Nayak R. G. , Chandran Mohan
Published: November 2007

Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (NPA) is a highly vascular, infiltrative tumour that occurs exclusively in the nasopharynx of young males. It is of special interest on account of its serious complications, and the difficulties that are encountered at the time of treatment. Various surgical approaches have been mentioned for both naso- and extra-nasopharyngeal angiofibromas. But a massive extra-NPA involving the naso-spheno-oro-palato-maxillary-infratemporal region, orbit and cheek is difficult to treat adequately with any of the approaches so far described in the literature. In these cases, a more radical approach (constituting embolization and subsequent clamping or ligation of the external carotid artery followed by total maxillectomy) may be needed. These procedures will not only give a dry operative field but also adequate exposure to the different parts of the extension of the tumour, thereby facilitating complete removal without any risk of recurrence.
Conservative surgical management of invasive differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Shvili Y. , Zohar Y. , Buller N. , Laurian N.
Published: November 2007

The majority of well differentiated thyroid carcinoma are tumours of low grade malignancy. Laryngotracheal invasion by well differentiated thyroid carcinoma is an uncommon occurrence. The surgical management of patients with thyroid cancer invading the upper airway has primarily been by total laryngectomy. Other surgeons recommend in selected cases partial laryngeal and/or tracheal resection.

A total of 122 patients with thyroid carcinoma were treated in our department between 1967 and 1982. Only seven patients with well differentiated tumours had airway invasion. In these seven patients we used a partial laryngeal and/or tracheal resection. In three of the patients with tracheal invasion a myoperichondrial flap was used for closing the tracheal defect. A partial resection of the larynx and trachea, and end to end anastomosis between the trachea and the remaining part of the larynx was performed in another four patients.
Synchronous parotid tumors of different histiological types in association with metastasizing hypopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Meikle David , Yarington C. Thomas
Published: November 2007

At operation for metastasizing carcinoma of the piriform sinus a patient was found to have two separate parotid tumors, one a pleomorphic adenoma and the other a papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum (Warthin's tumor). These tumors presented as palpable masses on the same side as a lymph node involved with carcinoma. Synchronous parotid tumors of different types are rare; previous reports in the literature show that this combination of pleomorphic adenoma and Warthin's tumor is the most common. We have found no previous report of multiple parotid neoplasms in a patient with coexistent squamous carcinoma of the head and neck.
Oropharyngeal anthrax
Authors: Navacharoen N. , Sirisanthana T. , Navacharoen W. , Ruckphaopunt K.
Published: November 2007

The first bacteriologically confirmed case of oropharyngeal anthrax is described. A 59-year-old male patient presented with sore throat and extensive swelling of the neck and anterior chest wall five hours after the ingestion of uncooked water buffalo meat. Marked inflammation of the oropharynx and a small necrotic area in the left tonsil were found. Culture taken from this area grew Bacillus anthracis. In anthrax-susceptible areas, this acute illness should be added to the differential diagnoses of inflammatory lesion of the oropharynx with extensive neck swelling.
Hearing improvement after stapedectomy: Up to 19 years' follow-up period
Authors: Birch L. , Elbrønd O. , Pedersen U.
Published: November 2007

The long-term results of 925 stapedectomies were analysed after a mean follow-up period of 15 years. Patients who had the operation before the age of 30 were analysed separately. The entire group deteriorated by an average of 0.91 dB/year at 500–2000 Hz, while the under-30 group deteriorated by 0.67 dB/year. There were but slight differences in the conductive component, considering frequencies and age. The perceptive loss'year was not far from that in a normal population.
Silastic coated incus in tympanoplasty: a preliminary report
Authors: Bonding Per , Jensen Jørgen Hedegaard
Published: November 2007

In 54 ears lacking the stapedial arch and the long process of the incus, ossiculoplasty was performed with a shaped auto-or homologous incus as columella. In 29 of the ears, the deep, slender part of the columella was coated with a silastic tube in order to prevent adhesions and dislocation. One year after the operation the functional results were similar in patients with silastic coating of the incus to those without. It is concluded that the less satisfactory results of tympanoplasty in such ears are primarily caused by factors outside the niche of the oval window. Possible ways of improving the results are discussed.
Laryngeal cancer metastatic to lymph nodes with lymphocytic leukaemia
Authors: Ferlito A. , Recher G. , Visonà A.
Published: November 2007

A case of metastases from laryngeal cancer to cervical lymph nodes involved also by chronic lymphocytic leukaemia is reported. The simultaneous presence of the two lesions in four lymph nodes is documented histologically. To the best of the authors' knowledge, no similar case can be found in the literature
Heterotopic salivary tissue and branchial sinuses
Authors: Shvero J. , Hadar T. , Avidor I. , Abraham A. , Sidi J.
Published: November 2007

Abstract Heterotopic salivary tissue and branchial sinuses occur not infrequently (Goddman et al., 1981; Stingle and Priebe, 1974), caused probably by heteroplasia within remants of the second cleft (Stingle, 1974). Bilateral lesions which presented clinically as branchial cleft sinuses have been removed from a patient's neck; both of them proved to be branchial cleft sinuses with elements of slivary tissue.

The paper describes sailvary tissue and branchial sinuses along the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle on both sides of the neck and bilateral preauricular fistulae occurring in a boy and probably in his sister.
The use of Acyclovir in Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
Authors: Stafford F. W. , Welch A. R.
Published: November 2007

Acyclovir is a specific anti-viral agent which has been used in the treatment of the Ramsay Hunt Syndrome with encouraging results. To our knowledge, no previous study has been published utilizing this treatment. A discussion is also undertaken of the underlying pathology and prognosis of the Ramsay Hunt Syndrome, with a summary of those cases in which Acyclovir was prescribed.
Secretory otitis media—Evidence for an inherited aetiology
Authors: Rockley T. J. , Evans P. H. Rhys
Published: November 2007

In a study to determine whether or not there is a familial or hereditary pre-disposition to develop secretory otitis media (SOM), the parents of 73 children with presistent SOM and 35 controls were examined clinically, and abnormalities of the tympanic membrane (TM) noted. Analysis of the findings suggests that heredity plays a large part in determining a child's likelihood of developing SOM.
Instrumental perforation of the oesophagus A ten year study from two ENT clinics
Authors: Rådmark Thure , Sandberg Nils , Pettersson Gösta
Published: November 2007

During the 10-year period 1972–1981, 3,688 and 867 oesophagoscopies were performed at two ENT clinics of a university hospital and of a country hospital with an incidence of oesophageal perforation of 0.8 per cent and 1.1 per cent respectively.

Rigid instruments were used in all cases, most often in combination with dilatation of a benign stricture.
A prospective study of nasal fractures
Authors: Dickson M. G. , Sharpe D. T.
Published: November 2007

A prospective survey of 60 patients requiring manipulation under anaesthetic for nasal fractures has been carried out using pre- and post-operative photographs in conjunction with a standardized proforma. The results are presented and discussed.
The long-term results of hyoid-sternohyoid grafts in the correction of subglottic stenosis
Authors: Freeland A. P.
Published: November 2007

The long-term follow-up of eight patients with established subglottic stenosis managed with a composite hyoid-sternohyoid graft is reported. Four of these patients were children. All but one of the patients were extubated within four months of surgery. The reconstructed airway is shown to grow with age and re-stenosis has not occurred. Apart from post-operative granulation tissue at the repair site, the major complication has been a breathy voice in two children due to overwidening of the larynx.
Metal spark perforation of the tympanic membrane with deafness and facial paralysis
Authors: Stage J. , Vinding T.
Published: November 2007

An exteremely rare case of traumatic thermal injury of the middle and inner ear with deafness and irreversible peripheral facial palsy is presented. The accident was caused by a metal spark perforating the tympanic membrane during welding.
Long-term viability of transplanted ossicles
Authors: Lang J. , Kerr A. G. , Smyth G. D. L.
Published: November 2007

Doubt has been raised about the long-term suitability of ossicular implants in tympanoplasty. Twenty-three ossicular implants that had been in the middle ear for a mean duration of 9.6 years were examined histologically by light microscopy. Although there were only two specimens showing subtotal replacement of the dead ossicular implant by new bone, the structural integrity of all implants was maintained and there was no evidence of overt osteoclastic bone resorption. Therefore our findings support the concept of prolonged survival of ossicular implants in the middle ear and we do not see any good reason for abandoning their use in reconstructive tympanoplasty.
The variability of fixation suppression of caloric-induced nystagmus
Authors: Schuchman Gerald , Uri Nechama
Published: November 2007

Twelve normal adults were evaluated to determine their capacity to suppress caloric-induced nystagmus by visual fixation. Fixation suppression (FS) was assessed four times during the routine Fitzgerald-Hallpike caloric procedure. The results were characterized by large inter-subject as well as intra-subject variability. It is cautioned that diagnostic categories should not be inferred on the basis of absolute numeric values of FS.
Delayed brainstem auditory evoked reponses in experimental diabetes mellitus
Authors: Buller N. , Laurian N. , shvili I. , Laurian L.
Published: November 2007

The brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAER) were utilized for the evaluation of central neural transmission in alloxan-induced diabetes in rats. The mean latencies of waves I, III, V and the interpeak latencies III-V and I-V were prolonged in diabetic rats as compared to the same rats before alloxan administration. The incidence of abnormal BAER was more frequent in the group of rats with severe diabetes (82 per cent) than in mildly diabetic animals (42 per cent). Our results may suggest the presence of a central neuropathy in experimental diabetes, which can be detected by the method of BAER.
Routine radiological examination of the sinuses before septoplasty
Authors: Jensen Jørgen Hedegaard , Dommerby Hans
Published: November 2007

Records of septoplasties performed during the last five years were reviewed with the aim of evaluating the results of routine pre-operative radiological examination of the sinuses. A positive correlation was found between the information of sinusitis within the last two years and the radiological finding of complete density or fluid. The roentgenograms showed normal conditions in 73 per cent of the cases and various degrees of pathology in 27 per cent; no case showed signs of malignancy. Puncture and irrigation or sinoscopy had been performed in 52 per cent of the cases with pathological X-rays. Following this treatment, surgery was postponed in 12 patients, and in nine patients a drainage tube was placed in the maxillary sinus per-operatively. Complications developed post-operatively in five of these nine patients and it is concluded that septoplasty should have been postponed. We find that it is important to identify the four per cent (12+9) of patients in whom the radiological findings are so pronounced that operation ought to be postponed.
Auditory brainstem evoked potentials in asymptomatic lead-exposed subjects
Authors: Holdstein Y. , Pratt H. , Goldsher M. , Rosen G. , Shenhav R. , Linn S. , Mor A. , Barkai A.
Published: November 2007

Auditory Brainstem Evoked Potentials (ABEP) were recorded from 29 adults and children, accidentally exposed to lead through food until approximately a year prior to this study. ABEP were recorded in response to 75 dBHL click presented at rates of 10/sec. and 55/sec. Average values were calculated for peak latency and for interpeak latency differences. Average values of the effect of increasing stimulus rate were calculated as well. Similar values were calculated for normative child and adult control groups.

IPLD (I-III) showed the most significant and recurring results, with longer intervals in lead-exposed children compared with their control group. Increasing stimulus rate, on the other hand, affected the adult lead-exposed subjects more than the children. These results may imply an impairment of the auditory system with azonal and myelin involvement. ABEP is suggested as a sensitive detector of subclinical lead exposure effects on the nervous system.
Revision tympanoplasty
Authors: Tos Mirko , Lau Torben
Published: November 2007

The terms ‘planned two-stage operations’, ‘planned second-look operations’, ‘previous surgery’, and ‘revision surgery’ are discussed on the basis of our series of 2,303 ears operated upon from January 1965 to December 1980. We have not performed any planned two-stage operations. All operations prior to the first operation in our department are denoted ‘previous surgery’. ‘Revision surgery’ denotes all reoperations performed either in this department or elsewhere during the observation period until the end of 1984, and the revision rate is analysed in patients with different pathological conditions. ‘Revision surgery’ was performed in 15.6 percent of 740 ears with cholesteatoma (in 13.9 percent once, in 1.6 percent twice, and in 0.1 percent three times), and ‘previous surgery’ in 3 percent.

Among 229 ears with chronic granulating otitis, revision surgery had been performed in 12.2 percent up to December 1982. By December 1984, this figure had risen to 16.1 percent. ‘Previous surgery’ had been performed in 18.3 percent. A total of 38.4 percent had at least two operations.

The revision rate in other conditions varied from 10 percent (sequelae to chronic otitis) to 34 percent (post-inflammatory acquired atresia). These rates are discussed and the functional results presented.
Surgical management of labyrinthine fistula with cholesteatoma
Authors: Gormley Peter K.
Published: November 2007

From 684 cases of ear surgery for cholesteatoma performed by one surgeon, 35 had labyrinthine fistulae (incidence 5.1 per cent). Of these fistulae, 79 percent involved the lateral semicircular canal only; the other sites involved were the other semicircular canals and the cochlea. The fistula test was positive in 54 per cent of cases overall, but in 80 per cent with an extended site fistula (ESF). Three surgical approaches were employed sequentially—staged combined approach tympanoplasty (CAT), open cavity tympanoplasty and attico-antrotomy. Surgically-induced deafness occurred in 3.3 per cent. All surgical groups showed similar hearing results, except for less conductive deafness in the CAT group. Surgical management is discussed with reference to current theories of the erosive effects of cholesteatoma.
Bronchial changes in airborne tularemia
Authors: Syrjälä Hannu , Sutinen Seppo , Jokinen Kalevi , Nieminen Pentti , Tuuponen Tuula , Salminen Aimo
Published: November 2007

We describe seven typhoidal tularemia patients without ulcers or lymphadenopa-thy, who underwent diagnostic bronchoscopy. Four patients had had obvious airborne exposure toF. tularensisduring farming activities, and the remaining three had respiratory symptoms also. Bronchoscopical findings were pathological in all cases, varying from local to diffuse haemorrhagic inflammation; in one case a granulomatous tumour was seen. Early histopathological changes in three biopsies consisted of haemorrhagic oedema progressing to a non-specific inflammatory reaction, which could still be found 45 days after the onset of symptoms. Granulomatous inflammation, indistinguishable from tuberculosis or sarcoidosis, was seen in four biopsies from two patients, three to seven months after the onset. Most patients had radiographic hilar enlargement. We conclude that transmission of typhoid tularemia usually occurs through inhalation leading to bronchial changes, which correspond skin ulcerations in ulcero-glandular tularemia, the hilar enlargement corresponding to the lymph node component. We emphasize that usage of the term ‘typhoidal’ tularemia should be discontinued. Instead, tularemia transmitted through inhalation should be called pulmonary or respiratory.
Vestibular effects of intravenous lidocaine used in the treatment of tinnitus
Authors: Merchant Saumil N. , Kirtane Milind V.
Published: November 2007

Intravenous lidocaine is known to have an effect on the auditory system in that it is useful for suppressing tinnitus, albeit temporarily. We have used intravenously administered lidocaine as one of the treatment modalities for refractory, disturbing, tinnitus. Its effects on the vestibulo-ocular system were determined by elec-tronystagmography performed before and immediately after injecting lidocaine: smooth pendular stimulus tracking was unaffected; spontaneous and positional nystagmus tended to be suppressed; directional preponderance was reduced or reversed; and the difference between the nystagmus responses in the two directions during the pendular rotation chair test was also reduced or reversed. These changes in the caloric and rotation tests were statistically significant. Lidocaine also appeared to have altered the balance between the two sides in the vestibulo-spinal system as indicated by the results of the stepping test during craniocorpography. The results lend support to the hypothesis that intravenous lidocaine acts at the level of the central nervous system rather than at the periphery.
Early morphological and chemical changes induced by cisplatin in the guinea pig organ of Corti
Authors: Comis Spiro D. , Rhys-Evans Peter H. , Osborne Michel P. , Pickles James O. , Jeffries David J. R. , Pearse Henry A. C.
Published: November 2007

Guinea pigs were treated with a single dose of Cisplatin (5 mg IP). After 2–4 days the cochleas were prepared for morphological analysis by scanning electron microscopy and chemical analysis by X-ray dispersive microanalysis. Following Cisplatin, the bundles of stereocilia on the hair cells were found to be rough, disarrayed, fused, and finally absorbed. Significant increases were found in the levels of calcium, sulphur, and phosporus in the abnormal hair cells. It is suggested that the high calcium levels might be due to the inhibition of enzymes which normally keep cytoplasmic calcium low, and that some of the changes in the stereocilia might be secondary to this.
Malignant external otitis versus acute external otitis
Authors: Cohen David , Friedman Peter , Eilon Amos
Published: November 2007

Malignant External Otitis (MEO) and Acute External Otitis (AEO) are clinically very similar in their beginnings. It is important to differentiate between them very early. Bone scanning is the best diagnostic tool. Eight cases of AEO and MEO are herewith presented.
A technique of tongue reconstruction following near-total glossectomy
Authors: Robertson Malcolm S. , Robinson Jeffrey M. , Horsfall Ruth M.
Published: November 2007

Total glossectomy is the most crippling of all oral cavity resections. Speech problems are unavoidable and post-operative aspiration is often severe. Two patients are presented who have had tongue reconstructions following near-total glossectomies. In each case a quilted, split-skin grafted pectoralis major muscle flap was used. The speech and swallowing results of these two patients are compared with two patients who underwent a hemiglossectomy and total glossectomy respectively without tongue reconstruction. Only if the suprahyoid and extrinsic tongue muscles are preserved can an active oral phase of swallowing and usable speech be regained by tongue reconstruction.
Conservative laryngectomy
Authors: Hawthorne Maurice , Gray Roger , Cottam Cecelia
Published: November 2007

Four cases are presented to illustrate that conservative laryngectomy is a simple and reliable treatment for severe aspiration in patients with motor neurone disease whose symptoms are predominantly bulbar. This treatment leads to a rapid return of the patients to their home, thus reducing their dependancy on skilled nursing care.
Is otosclerosis a generalized connective tissue disorder?
Authors: Oxlund H. , Pedersen U. , Danielsen C. C. , Oxlund I. , Elbrønd O.
Published: November 2007

It has been suggested that otosclerosis might be caused by a generalized disorder in the connective tissue.

The biophysical and biochemical properties of skin biopsies from twelve patients with otosclerosis and twelve age- and sex-matched controls were investigated. No differences were found in skin strength and extensibility, skin thickness, collagen content, the relationship between collagen type I and type III, reducible collagen cross-links and molecular stability of collagen type I of samples from patients with otosclerosis as compared with those from the controls. The present study does not support the suggestion that otosclerosis might be a generalized connective tissue disorder.
Submucous diathermy of the inferior turbinates in chronic hypertrophic rhinitis
Authors: Talaat Mamdouh , El-Sabawy Eshrak , Baky Fathy Abdel , Raheem Ahmed Abdel
Published: November 2007

Twenty patients, 10 allergic and 10 non-allergic, with chronic hypertrophic rhinitis and presenting mainly with bilateral nasal obstruction were subjected to sub-mucosal diathermy of their inferior turbinates. There was significant post-operative improvement clinically, histopathologically and histochemically in the non-allergic group, while the improvement was less obvious in the allergic cases. The post-operative clinical improvement as regards rhinorrhea and sneezing was not as marked as that for nasal obstruction. Evaluation of the results showed that sub-mucous diathermy of inferior turbinates is a good line of treatment for cases of chronic hypertrophic rhinitis, with better results in the non-allergic group of patients.
Hearing loss in a uraemic patient: indications of involvement of the VIIIth nerve
Authors: Lucien J. C. Anteunis , Mooy M. V. Mooy
Published: November 2007

A case of acute renal failure associated with severe uraemic hearing loss is presented. Audiometric site-of-lesion testing revealed cochlear as well as neural involvement.

After therapy hearing recovered up to an almost normal level, with normal auditory nerve conduction velocities.

This case report supports the suggestion that the improvement of hearing after renal transplantation or dialysis might be correlated with the influences of these forms of therapy upon the peripheral neuropathy.
Ossified segments of the stylohyoid ligament A case of radiological misdiagnosis
Authors: Har-El G. , Weisbord A. , Sidi J.
Published: November 2007

An ossified segment of the stylohyoid ligament was misdiagnosed as a foreign body.
Tonsillar leiomyoma
Authors: Greenberg E. , Shupak A. , Kelner Judith , Meyer W. S.
Published: November 2007

Tumors of smooth muscle origin are rare in the oral cavity. To date, only eighty-three cases of oral leiomyomas have been reported. A first case of tonsillar leiomyoma in a 73-year-old male is presented. The theories of origin and the various histologic types of oral leiomyomas are discussed. Leiomyoma can easily be confused with other spindle-cell tumours. Special stains are necessary to reach a correct diagnosis. It is sometimes difficult to differentiate benign leiomyoma from malignant leiomyosarcoma. The use of mitotic figure count to indicate malignant behaviour is not always reliable. The need for wide surgical excision of the tumour, complete sectioning and examination of the specimen and meticulous follow-up of the patient for evidence of recurrence are emphasized.
Treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis by sodium cromoglycate plus 0.025 per cent xylometazoline
Authors: Fradis M. , Podoshin L. , Gertner R.
Published: November 2007

The object of this double-blind study was to assess the therapeutic effects of a combination of two per cent sodium cromoglycate and 0.025 per cent xylometazoline compared with a matched placebo. Forty patients were included in the two-week study.

The treatment was found to be rapidly effective taking only a day to control symptoms in almost 80 per cent of the patients in the group receiving active treatment.

No evidence of rebound effects due to the decongestant was observed during the study.
Hyponatraemia and hypothyroidism in a previously irradiated case of carcinoma of the tongue
Authors: Nasser N. A. , Lever E. G.
Published: November 2007

A case of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue was complicated by post operative hyponatraemia. The criteria for the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of anti diuretic hormone, [ADH] (SIADH) were met but the patient remained hyponatraemic despite adequate treatment. The patient had previously received radical external radiotherapy to the neck and was found to be profoundly hypothyroid. Correction of the hypothyroid state led to clinical and biochemical recovery. The frequency of post-irradiation hypothyroidism and the possible mechanisms of hypothyroid-induced hyponatraemia are discussed
Laryngopyocele (A report of two cases)
Authors: Maharaj D. , Fernandes C. M. C. , Pinto A. P.
Published: November 2007

A laryngocele is an air-filled dilatation of the saccule of the larynx. An in fected laryngocele is called a laryngopyocele. Our experience with two cases of laryngopyoceles are presented. Only 29 cases of laryngopyoceles have so far been reported in the literature (Illum and Nehen, 1980).

Case one had a right-sided combined laryngopyocele and case two had a right-sided combined laryngopyocele and a left-sided combined laryngocele.

Both our cases had their lesions excisedviaan external approach, as described by Yarington and Frazer (1966), with case two having a bilateral excision.
An unusual complication following tracheoesophageal puncture for alaryngeal voice restoration
Authors: Hadi U. , Nuwayhid N. S.
Published: November 2007

Abstract A laryngectomized patient who developed massive subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and esophageal fistual with a retroesophageal collection following the creation of a tracheo-esophageal fistuls for alaryngeal voice restoration is presented, together with its management. A review of the literature is made, and possible causes of the three complications are discussed.
Phase variation in nasal airways resistance assessed by active anterior rhinomanometry
Authors: Kenyon G. S.
Published: November 2007

Measurements of nasal airways resistance in normal subjects have shown a significant difference between values obtained in the two respiratory phases. Higher overall values are found during expiration in both the unprepared and decongested nose but these differences fail to maintain statistical significance after application of a decongestant. This indicates that the phase of respiration in which measurement is made must be routinely recorded especially when measurement is made without decongestant, and comparisons of data made only with recordings from equivalent parts of the nasal cycle.
Aetiology of recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU)
Authors: Maurice Monir , Mikhail Wadie , Aziz Medhat , Barsoum Maged
Published: November 2007

A significant decrease in the pH of saliva has been detected in patients with recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU). The decreae in pH was more prominent at night than between meals, and some persistent decrease was noticed even after recovery. The total proteins of saliva in RAU were also significantly decreased.

These findings were similar to those observed in patients complaining of petic ulcers, so it is recommended that patients with RAU should be treated with antacids as well as anticholinergic drugs, and that the possibility of concomitant peptic ulceration should also be investigated.
Ceruminous adenoma in the osseous external auditory canal
Authors: Yamamoto Etsuo , Tabuchi Keisaku , Mori Kazunori
Published: November 2007

We report a 55-years-old male with cerminous adenoma originating in the osseous part of the right external auditory canal, and describe the clinical features and surgical treatment.
Superior orbital fissure syndrome in trigemino-facial zoster
Authors: Gupta Deepak , Vishwakarma S. K.
Published: November 2007

A case of trigemino-facial zoster presenting as Superior Orbital Fissure Syndrome is reported. Geniculate ganglion involvement was limited to the vestibular branch of the cochleo-vestibular nerve, without any hearing impairment of facial palsy. this case clearly illustrates that herpes zoster cranialis is a polyneuropathy of multifocal asynchronous viral activity and can present in numerous forms.
Intratympanic ototoxicity: influence of post-injection survival period
Authors: Yung M. W.
Published: November 2007

Many studies have been reported on the intratympanic ototoxicity of different drugs in animal models. The recovery periods of the animals following intratympanic drug applications varied among these studies. The present study compares the cochlear damage caused by intratympanic kanamycin following short (4 days) and long (30 days) post-injection survival periods, using the guinea pig as the animal model.

The degree of cochlear damage 4 days after kanamycin injection was consistent among the tested animals. The degeneration was mainly confined to the outer hair cells and almost all inner hair were spared. The change 30 days after kanamycin injection was more variable among the animals and both inner and outer hair cells were damaged. This shows that, although the damage to the cochlea after intratympanic aminoglycoside injection is progressive, a short post-injection recovery period is suitable for comparative intratympanic ototoxicity studies.
Non-hodgkin's lymphoma of the tonsil
Authors: Makepeace A. R. , Fermont D. C. , Bennett M. H.
Published: November 2007

Over the 27-year period from 1954–1981, 51 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma arising in the tonsil were treated at the Regional Radiotherapy Centre, Mount Vernon Hospital. The original biopsy material was reviewed in each case and reclassified using the British National Lymphoma Investigation criteria. Grade 2 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was reported in 80 per cent of cases. Ninety per cent of patients presented in stages IE or HE and were treated with radical local radiotherapy. A 5-year survival of 51 per cent was achieved and a 5-year relapse-free survival of 35 per cent. Stage IE patients had a statistically significant survival advantage compared to stage HE. Sixty-one per cent of patients relapsed, of whom 74 per cent died from active lymphoma. The abdomen was the most frequent site for relapse with involvement of both nodal and extranodal sites.
Laryngeal trauma vs length of intubation
Authors: Lesser T. H. J. , Lesser P. J. A
Published: November 2007

The frequency histograms of six patients' laryngographs were studied pre- and post-endotracheal intubation. The changes were correlated with the length of intubation. The post-operative hoarse voice was seen as an increase in the spread of the lower frequencies, and an increase in the fundamental frequency. The latter change was thought to be a subconscious compensation for the hoarseness. The increased lower frequency spread as measured by standard deviation was directly proportional to the length of intubation.
Congenital hearing loss in patients with Cornelia de Lange syndrome
Authors: Egelund Elisabeth P.
Published: November 2007

Two children with a congenital Cornelia de Lange syndrome and a verified sensorineural hearing loss are presented. One could be tested by conventional audiometry, the other only with the help of the newer computerized electronic methods. A short review of some earlier reports on congenital hearing loss in this syndrome is made.
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma in a minor salivary gland in childhood
Authors: Gustafsson Hans , Dahlqvist Åke , Anniko Matti , Carlsöö Bengt
Published: November 2007

Salivary gland neoplasms in childhood and adolescence are rare, especially in the minor salivary glands. Vasoformative tumours and pleomorphic adenomas appear to be the most common benign neoplastic salivary gland lesions in the pediatric age group. The distribution of various malignant histological types is not always consistent with that in the adult population, and they appear more often in girls than in boys. Only 17 cases have previously been documented. The clinical and histological picture of a case of palatal mucoepidermoid carcinoma in a 13-year-old girl is presented as well as a review of the literature on malignant salivary gland tumours in childhood.
The treatment of facial heamangioma by percutaneous injections of sodium tetradecyl sulfate
Authors: Anavi Y. , Har-El G. , Mintz S.
Published: November 2007

SotradecolR—sodium tetradecyl sulfate—is a selerosing agent which has been used for years in the treatment of varicose veins, haemorrhoids and haemangiomata. Two cases of large haemangioma of the cheek are presented. Becuase surgical treatment posed many difficulties we decided to treat with sodium tetradecylsulfate. Treatment was successful.
The branchio-oto-renal syndrome
Authors: Raspino M. , Tarantino V. , Moni L. , Verrina E. , Ciardi M. R. , Gusmano R.
Published: November 2007

The major features of the Branchio-Oto-Renal syndrome (BOR syndrome), an autosomal dominant disorder, are branchial remnants, ear anomalies, deafness and renal dysplasia.

We report two family groups affected by the BOR syndrome: in two-thirds of the affected children renal abnormalities led to severe renal insufficiency in early life. The necessity for a meticulous search for renal anomalies in individuals with aural and/or branchial abnormalities is emphasized. In affected families, genetic counselling is suggested.
Budesonide nasal spray as prophylactic treatment after polypectomy
Authors: Hartwig S. , Lindén M. , Vargö A.-K. , Lindqvist N.
Published: November 2007

This double-blind parallel-group study compared the effect of budesonide with placebo, in the prophylaxis of nasal polyp recurrence after evulsion. Seventy-three patients with first time or recurrent polypectomy were enrolled. At revisits 3 and 6 months after evulsion, the budesonide-treated patients had significantly lower polyp scores than the placebo-treated patients. Only patients with recurrent nasal polyposis benefited from the budesonide treatment, whereas no effect was evident in patients with first time evulsion
Maxillary chondrosarcoma
Authors: Massarelli Giovannino , Gandolfo Leonardo , Tanda Franceso , Ghiselli Franco , Manunta Vincenzo
Published: November 2007

Two cases of chondrosarcoma of the maxilla are reported together with the clinical and histological differential diagnosis. The origin of this rare tumour in the maxilla, a bone with exclusive membranous ossification, is discussed in accordance with the new concept of cell differentiation in neoplasia.
Dental disease, acute sinusitis and the orthopantomogram
Authors: Lee R. J. , O'Dwyer T. P. , Sleeman D. , Walsh M.
Published: November 2007

This study was undertaken to determine the incidence of unidagnosed apical disease in acute unilateral sinusitis and to evaluate the role of Orthopantomograms (OPGs).

Our results, with an incidence of 10 per cent, are in agreement with the findings of Formby (1960) and we conclude that OPGs are not justified in the routine investigation of acute sinusities.
Computed tomography in choanal atresia
Authors: Kearns Donald B. , Wickstead Michael , Choa Dennis I. , Leitch Rosalind N. , Bailey Martin , Evans J. N. J.
Published: November 2007

Computed tomography is replacing contrast radiography as the method of choice in evaluating congenital posterior choanal atresia. Careful preparation of the patient, however, is necessary prior to the examination in order to obtain the maximum of information pre-operatively.

We present patients with inadequate preparation and illustrate their misleading scans. The proper method of examination is discussed, with a review of the literature; it is essential to remove nasal secretions by suction and instil vasoconstrictor nose drops, shortly before scanning.
Serum immunoglobulin E levels in patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Lal Harbans , Singh Bharat , Wig Umesh , Saini A. S.
Published: November 2007

Serum immunoglobulin E levels were estimated in 50 patients with head and neck cancer and in 25 controls. Mean serum IgE value was significantly higher in patients with various sites of cancer in the head and neck region other than carcinoma of the tonsil. The levels increased with advancement in the stage of cancer. There was, however, no difference in mean serum IgE value with respect to the character of the lesion, to the histopathological type of growth or to radiotherapy.

In patients with carcinoma of the tonsil, the mean serum IgE concentration was significantly lowered.
Oculomotor findings in autistic children
Authors: Rosenhall Ulf , Johansson Elisabeth , Gillberg Christopher
Published: November 2007

Eleven children with infantile autism or autistic-like conditions were examined with oculomotor tests and with auditory brainstem response audiometry. Measurements of voluntary, horizontal non-predictable saccades showed that the eye motor function was abnormal in six (55 per cent) of the eleven patients. The saccades were hypometric in all six instances and the saccadic velocity was reduced in four instances. The abnormalities observed are consistent with brain dysfunction, in most cases probably indicating ponto-cerebellar involvement. In five instances ABR was found to be abnormal which indicates brainstem dysfunction. Oculomotor dysfunction and/or ABR abnormality was observed in eight (73 per cent) of the patients studied.
Influence of spinal puncture and injection on VHIth nerve function
Authors: Hardy P. A. J.
Published: November 2007

Two cases are reported confirming and demonstrating the relationship between spinal puncture or injection and VIIIth nerve function as a result of intracranial pressure changes.
Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma of the larynx, soft palate and nasal cavity
Authors: Bickerton R. C. , Brockbank M. J.
Published: November 2007

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the larynx is uncommon and when it occurs presents as a non-ulcerating supraglottic mass with a predilection for the ventricle. No case of the lymphoplasmacytic variety occurring in the larynx has been reported in the literature to date. We present such a case with distant leisons in the soft palate and nasal cavity, mimicking nasal polyps.
Laryngeal stridor due to odontoid peg subluxation
Authors: Brooker D. S.
Published: November 2007

This is a case of a 58-year-old woman who presented with progressive stridor due to immobile vocal cords. This was found to be due to cervical cord compression by an upwardly subluxed odontoid peg. Despite surgical intervention the outcome was fatal.
Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty in a child with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Abdu Mufid H. , Feghali Joseph G.
Published: November 2007

Abstract Uvulopalotopharyngoplasty (UPPP) has been recently popularized for the treatment of snoring and sleep apnea syndrome (SAS). All reported cases so far have been adults and the use of this procedure in the pediatric age group has not as yet been reported. Obstructive sleep apnea in children has been classically treated previously either medically or by adeno-tonsillectomy. The case of a three year old child with obstructive sleep apnea secondary to a large uvula and a redundant soft palate is reported. The child was successfully treated by UPPP, and remained free of symptoms for a follow-up period of one year.
Actinomycosis of the nasopharynx: a complication of nasal surgery
Authors: Osborne J. E. , Blair R. L. , Christmas H. E. , McKenzie H.
Published: November 2007

This case demonstrates actinomycosis in a previously unreported site, and outlines some of the difficulties encountered in diagnosing and treating this rare but unimportant condition.
Interest in frozen section examination of margins and lymph nodes in laryngeal surgery
Authors: Remacle M. , Hamoir M. , Marbaix E. , Deggouj N. , Frederickx Y.
Published: November 2007

One hundred and one patients presenting with a squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx underwent surgery i n our department between January 1980 and May 1985. In most of these patients, nodes were removed from the main lymphatic drainage pathways and subjected to immediate frozen section examination. The results from frozen section examination of the nodes were then compared with those from the surgical specimens of cervical neck dissections performed on the patients according to the classic rules. In addition, margin resections were made and examined by frozen section after removal of the tumour. In the event of a positive finding, these resections were continued until healthy tissue was reached, the specimens being examined in addition by classic methods.

Immediate frozen sections enable the margins of the resection to be verified correctly. In our series we were brought to extend the limits of resection in 10 cases out of 68 (15 per cent). It can also be seen that the accuracy of the pathologist's reading of the frozen sections is satisfactory. The overal level of error is three out of 68 (4.5 per cent). All the errors correspond to false negatives.

The aim of avoiding neck dissections in the presence of N0, thanks to nodal selection with frozen section, is not attained. We find a 6/61 rate of false negatives for N0 - N1 (10 per cent) when we compare the frozen sections of the selected nodes and the neck dissections. This is due to the fact that the surgeon may be led astray by a reactive hyperplastic node whilst other less inflammatory neighbouring nodes are in fact the site of metastasis.
Cranioplasty with Palacos R in reconstruction of frontal sinus defects
Authors: Mann W. , El-Khatieb A. A.
Published: November 2007

The use of methylmetacrylates has not been widely accepted for the repair of frontal bony defects due to the possibility of secondary infection. The development of a new type of methylmetacrylates into which antibiotics, such as gen-tamicin, are incorporated has reduced the risk of secondary infection.

The surgical technique and the results are illustrated on three patients. Favourable results were obtained in small and in large bony defects and even after previous frontal osteomyelitis.
Nasal septal carcinoma: initial symptom of nasal septal perforation
Authors: Echeverria-Zumarraga M. , Kaiser C. , Gavilan C.
Published: November 2007

A case of a primary squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal septum in a young female with initial symptom of septal perforation is reported. Carcinoma of the nasal septum is an uncommon entity and there are a few cases reported in the literature. The functional impact of their treatment and the high mortality makes it important to diagnose it at early stage. We discuss the differential diagnosis of septal perforation and recommend early wide surgical excision.
Liposarcoma of the larynx
Authors: Gertner R. , Podoshin L. , Fradis M. , Misselevitch I. , Boss J.
Published: November 2007

Liposarcomas of the larynx are very rare. Only nine cases appear to have been recorded in the English literature.

An additional case of liposarcoma of the larynx occurring in a young patient is reported and the relevant literature discussed.
Otosclerosis—an inflammatory disease of the otic capsule of viral aetiology?
Authors: Arnold W. , Friedmann I.
Published: November 2007

Fragments of otospongiotic and otosclerotic footplates were investigated by immunohistochemical methods. Antibodies IgG, IgA, IgM were found to be found to the vascular connective tissue of the resorption lacunae, IgG also to osteocytes. The application of antibodies against mumps, measles and rubella antigens showed the expression of the relevant viral antigens in the large cells of the resorption lacunae, in the vascular connective tissue, and in osteocytes, osteoclasts and chondrocytes, present in or around the otospongiotic areas. In the sclerotic stage only the perivascular connective tissue and chondrocytes have expressed viral antigens whereas IgG was restricted to the osteocytes of the sclerotic focus and to the residual perivascular tissue. Two footplates with postinflammatory sclerosis serving as controls revelaed only IgG in some chondrocytes. Healthy footplates showed neither a deposition of antibodies nor any expression of viral antigens. These results favour a viral aetiology of otosclerosis as an inflammatory vasclar reaction of the otic capsule initiated or caused by the viruses of measles, rubella and mumps.
The effect of vidian neurectomy on nasal mucociliary clearance
Authors: Greenstone M. A. , Stanley P. J. , Mackay I. S. , Cole P. J.
Published: November 2007

The physiological factors controlling mucociliary transport are largely unknown. Nasal mucociliary clearance was measuredusing the saccharin test in seven patients who had previously undergone vidian neurectomy for vasomotor rhinitis. Persistent denervation was suggested by impaired tear secretion. The control group consisted of thirty-four patients with vasomotor rhinitis who had not had surgery. There was no significant difference in clearance times between the two groups, suggesting that mucociliary transport is well preservedin the absence of neural control.
Osteoclast-type giant cell neoplasms of the parotid gland
Authors: Batsakis John G. , Ordonez Nelson G. , Sevidal Pedro A. , Baker James R.
Published: November 2007

The parotid gland is added to the list of parenchymal organs, notably the pancreas, in which osteoclast-like cells appear as constituent cells in their neoplasms. The cells' role in the neoplasms is a reactive one or, more rarely, as an integral element in an osteoclast-type giant cell neoplasm or so-called osteoclastoma. Distinctive in histological appearance, the osteoclast-type giant cell neoplasm is a malignant lesion that, to date, has been described only in the pancreas and parotid glands. This report presents examples of each type of giant cell lesion in the parotid gland.
Papillary endothelial hyperplasia in the nose
Authors: Stevens D. J.
Published: November 2007

Benign papillary endothelial hyperplasia is a very rare lesion of the nasal cavity; histologically, it may be mistaken for an angiosarcoma. An awareness of this and the ways in which it differs from angiosarcoma will prevent incorrect diagnosis and inappropriate treatment by surgery or radiotherapy. A case report of each condition involving the nasal cavity is presented.
Kaposi's sarcoma of the trachea
Authors: Rajaratnam K. , Desai S.
Published: November 2007

The most common tracheal neoplasms are epidermoid carcinomas, papillomas and cylindromas. Kaposi's sarcoma, confined primarily to the trachea, is one of the rarest tumours. The clinical and histological picture of a case of Kaposi's sarcoma of the trachea in a young, pregnant woman, presenting with severe airway obstruction, is described here. The emergency tracheoscopy dislodged a mass from the trachea, which turned out to be a Kaposi's sarcoma on histology. Although Kaposi's sarcoma is one of the manifestations of AIDS, this patient had neither any underlying immunodeficiency nor any skin, visceral or lymphatic lesions.