bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Remapping in Cerebral and Cerebellar Cortices Is Not Restricted by Somatotopy
Authors: Hahamy Avital , Makin Tamar R.
Published: October 2019

A fundamental organizing principle in the somatosensory and motor systems is somatotopy, where specific body parts are represented separately and adjacently to other body parts, resulting in a body map. Different terminals of the sensorimotor network show varied somatotopic layouts, in which the relative position, distance, and overlap between body-part representations differ. Since somatotopy is best characterized in the primary somatosensory (S1) and motor (M1) cortices, these terminals have been the main focus of research on somatotopic remapping following loss of sensory input (e.g., arm amputation). Cortical remapping is generally considered to be driven by the layout of the underlying somatotopy, such that neighboring body-part representations tend to activate the deprived brain region. Here, we challenge the assumption that somatotopic layout restricts remapping, by comparing patterns of remapping in humans born without one hand (hereafter, one-handers,n= 26) across multiple terminals of the sensorimotor pathway. We first report that, in the cerebellum of one-handers, the deprived hand region represents multiple body parts. Importantly, the native representations of some of these body parts do not neighbor the deprived hand region. We further replicate our previous findings, showing a similar pattern of remapping in the deprived hand region of the cerebral cortex in one-handers. Finally, we report preliminary results of a similar remapping pattern in the putamen of one-handers. Since these three sensorimotor terminals (cerebellum, cerebrum, putamen) contain different somatotopic layouts, the parallel remapping they undergo demonstrates that the mere spatial layout of body-part representations may not exclusively dictate remapping in the sensorimotor systems.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWhen a hand is missing, the brain region that typically processes information from that hand may instead process information from other body parts, a phenomenon termed remapping. It is commonly thought that only body parts whose information is processed in regions neighboring the hand region could “take up” the resources of this now deprived region. Here we demonstrate that information from multiple body parts is processed in the hand regions of both the cerebral cortex and cerebellum. The native brain regions of these body parts have varying levels of overlap with the hand regions of the cerebral cortex and cerebellum, and do not necessarily neighbor the hand regions. We therefore propose that proximity between brain regions does not limit brain remapping.
China’s Little Pinks?
Authors: Wei Zikui
Published: October 2019

Based on a survey of Zhejiang University students in Hangzhou, China, this article explores elite students’ political attitudes, especially nationalism. I examine students’ self-identified political orientations, their de facto nationalism (using a three-dimensional model), and the association between students’ media use and nationalistic sentiment.
APPLICATION OF MALDI-TOF MASS SPECTROMETRY FOR IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM TRADITIONAL SLOVAK CHEESE “PARENICA”
Authors: Kačániová Miroslava , Kunová Simona , Nagyová Ä½udmila , Horská Elena , Haščík Peter , Terentjeva Margarita
Published: October 2019

In this study, the cultivable population of bacteria from a traditional Slovak cheese “Parenica” made from cow milk were identified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS). A total of 100 “Parenica” cheese packages from four producers were examined, including n=50 smoked and n=50 non-smoked cheese samples. The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were cultured on MRS, APT and MSE agars at 30 °C, coliform bacteria on VRBL agar at 37 °C, total count of bacteria (TCB) on Plate count agar at 30 °C and enterococci on Enterococcus selective agar at 37 °C. Gram-positive and gram-negative strains were subjected to identification by MALDI-TOF MS profiling. MALDI-TOF MS identification revealed four genera belonging to LAB including Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus and Leuconostoc. Lactobacillus was the most represented genus with seven species: Lactobacillus curvatus (L. curvatus), L. delbrueckii, L. fermentum, L. casei, L. paraplantarum, L. plantarum and L. sakei.. Escherichia coli, Enterobacter asburiae, Klebsiella oxytoca and K. pneumoniae were the most identified bacteria species from Enterobacteriales order.
PEMBIAYAAN MUDHARABAH DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP OMSET USAHA MIKRO DI KOPERASI SIMPAN PINJAM PEMBIAYAAN SYARIAH EL-UMMA
Authors: NADIRAH TAMI , LUBIS DENI , ASMARA ALLA
Published: October 2019

Micro Enterprise Sector is a sector that has an important role in the economy of the country. However the number of problems still felt by the sector, one of them is the problem of capital. Mudharabah financing can be an alternative for micro businesses to resolve the problem. KSPPS El-Umma is one of the institution that offer Mudharabah financing for micro business actors in developing their business. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of mudharabah financing and its impact on business turnover. The method that used in this research is descriptive analysis method using Likert scale to measure the effectiveness level of financing disbursed and to describe the impact of financing on business development also using Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method to determine the factors that influence the business turnover. The result of analysis with Likert scale as a whole mudharabah financing distributed by KSPPS has been classified as effective, and there is business development after getting financing seen from the increase of business turnover. The Factors that influencing the turnover of business are the length of business, age, the amount of financing and the term of financing.
SERAPAN LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO SYARIAH DI SUMATERA BARAT TERHADAP LULUSAN PROGRAM STUDI D.III MANAJEMEN PERBANKAN SYARIAH
Authors: HENDRA TESTRU , IRSADUNAS IRSADUNAS
Published: October 2019

The purpose of the study was to determine the absorption of Islamic Microfinance Institutions in West Sumatra towards graduates of the study program D.III Islamic Banking Management UIN Imam Bonjol Padang. This type of research is qualitative research, namely research that aims to produce descriptive data about oral and written words, and behavior that can be observed from the people studied. The results of the study are: 1) The percentage of graduates absorbed by Islamic microfinance institutions in West Sumatra is still very small, which is 4.3% of the total number of graduates from 2008-2017 totaling 738 people. 2) The percentage of graduates working at Islamic microfinance institutions in West Sumatra is already good, if seen from the number of tertiary institutions in West Sumatra, which is 11% of the total number of employees of Islamic microfinance institutions in Sumatra in 2008-2017 totaling 262 person.
The Trade-off between Quantity and Quality. Comparing a Large Crawled Corpus and a Small Focused Corpus for Medical Terminology Extraction
Authors: Hoste Veronique , Vanopstal Klaar , Terryn Ayla Rigouts , Lefever Els
Published: October 2019

We investigate the cost-effectiveness of special-purpose crawled corpora versus more focused corpora for automatic terminology extraction (ATE). Our focus is on medical terminology on heart failure for two languages, viz. English for which we have more web and specialized resources at our disposal and the less resourced Dutch. We show that, although term density in the dedicated corpora is larger for both languages, the potential for term extraction is higher in the crawled corpora than in the dedicated corpora. Furthermore, in a set of experiments in which we evaluate both types of corpora, while keeping size constant, we observe that more Gold Standard (GS) terms are covered by the “noisy” crawled corpus than with a dedicated corpus of the same size.
Capgras-féle tünettel összefüggő szülőgyilkosságok. Két eset bemutatása
Authors: Fodor László , Fehér István , Szabados György , Varga Éva Júlia , Herold Róbert , Tényi Tamás
Published: October 2019

Abstract:

Capgras symptom is characterized by the delusional belief that a person significant to the patient has been replaced by a ‘double’ or ‘impostor’. Capgras symptom was discussed to be associated with violent behavior. We report here the cases of two male patients with schizophrenia paranoid type, where parricide was connected to Capgras delusion. It is important to emphasize that in our observed cases, non-adherence played an essential role in the development of violent behavior, parricide. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(42): 1673–1676.
Venovenosus extrakorporális membránoxigenizációval (ECMO) végzett mellkassebészeti műtétek tapasztalatai Magyarországon. Retrospektív klinikai tanulmány
Authors: Madurka Ildikó , Elek Jenő , Kocsis Ákos , Agócs László , Rényi-Vámos Ferenc
Published: October 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: Most modern thoracic operations are performed with single-lung ventilation balancing between convenient surgical approach and adequate gas exchange. The technical limitations include difficult airways or insufficient parenchyma for the intraoperative single-lung ventilation. Earlier, cardiopulmonary bypass was the only solution, however, today the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is in the forefront. Aim: We retrospectively analysed our elective operations by use of venovenous ECMO to assess the indication, safety, perioperative morbidity and mortality. Patients and method: 12 patients were operated using venovenous (VV-) ECMO between 28 April 2014 and 30 April 2018 in the National Institute of Oncology. The main clinicopathological characteristics, data regarding the operation, the use of ECMO and survival were collected. Results: The mean age was 45 years, 2 patients had benign and 10 had malignant diseases. Extreme tracheal stricture was the indication for ECMO in 3 cases, while 4 patients had previous lung resection and lacked enough parenchyma for single-lung ventilation. 5 patients had both airway and parenchymal insufficiency. The average time of apnoea was 142 minutes without interruption in any of the cases. We did not experience any ECMO-related complication. We had no intraoperative death and 30-day mortality was 8.33%. Conclusion: In case of technical inoperability, when there is no airway or insufficient parenchyma for gas exchange, but pulmonary vascular bed is enough and there is no need for great-vessel resection, VV-ECMO can safely replace the complete gas exchange without further risk of bleeding. The use of VV-ECMO did not increase the perioperative morbidity and mortality. Previously inoperable patients can be operated with VV-ECMO. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(42): 1655–1662.
First record of Anelosimus jucundus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896) (Araneae, Theridiidae) in the state of Ceará, Brazil
Authors: Sobczak Jober Fernando , Sobczak Jullyana Cristina Moura , Pádua Diego , Fonseca Emily Oliveira , Nobrega Francisco Ageu de Sousa , Castro Pires Joedson , Faustino Marcio Lopes , Villanueva-Bonilla German Antonio
Published: October 2019

We present the first record for Anelosimus jucundus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896 for the state of Ceará, Brazil. We collected 22 individuals in three different ecosystems: (1) Mangrove swamps, (2) Caatinga-type desert vegetation, and (3) Montane semi-deciduous tropical forest. We corrected the misinformation of Levi's 1963 Ceará record, was actually from the state of Pernambuco. Anelosimus jucundus presents a wide altitudinal distribution, which indicates that this species can tolerate a variety climatic conditions and can colonize a variety of sites with different vegetation.
A Study on the Elements that Form Residents’ Attitude toward Tourists at an Over-Tourism Destination: A Case Study of Gamcheon Cultural Village, Busan
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Kim Song-Yi , Kang Young-Eun
Published: October 2019

Over-tourism occurs when the number of tourists visiting a tourist destination exceeds the carrying capacity of the destination, causing a negative impact on the lives of residents and fostering anti-tourist attitudes among these residents. This study aimed to explore the elements that influence residents’ attitudes toward tourists at an over-tourism destination. This study employed a case study of Gamcheon Cultural Village, Busan, and conducted a survey of 97 residents from the village. Factor analysis and regression analysis were done. The results of the study show that residents’ attitudes toward tourists at an over-tourism destination were primarily formed by their degree of participation in tourism development; attachment to the village; perception of positive sociocultural, economic, and environmental impacts of tourism development; and their perception of negative economic impacts. For the residents who had begun to live in the village before the implementation of tourism development, participation in the tourism development and recognition of the positive sociocultural, economic, and environmental impacts of tourism development were important elements. For the residents who started to live in the village after tourism development had begun, attachment to the village and recognition of the negative impacts of tourism were important elements. This means that in terms of management of an over-tourism destination, the most important factor is residents’ participation in the development process. In addition, for pre-tourism residents, the positive impacts of tourism development should be promoted, while for new residents economic loss should be considered.
Endometrium - Collagenase v1
Authors: Vento-Tormo Roser , Hoo Regina
Published: October 2019

This protocol describe the tissue dissociation procedures from human endometrium and pregnancy endometrium samples. This protocol is adapted from Vento-Tormo et al. 2018 Nature with some modification from Prof. Ashley Moffett (Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge).
SDS PAGE v1
Authors: Dusseldorf Igem
Published: October 2019

Preparing and pouring the SDS gel Mix together all components except for APS and TEMED first. Make sure the Urea is completely dissolved by moving the solution at 150 rpm for about 15 minutes. To make the pockets in the collection gel more visible, use gel buffer with added bromphenole blue dye. ComponentRunning gelCollection gelUrea4,8 g-Acrylamid2,9 ml0,7 mlGel buffer4,7 ml1,53 mlH2O3,8 ml4 mlAPS88 µl100 µlTEMED10 µl10 µl Mix 1 ml of running gel (without APS and TEMED) with 2 µl TEMED and 20 µl APS to create a quickly-polymerising stop gel. Quickly pipette into gel chamber until the bottom of the chamber is filled evenly. This will prevent the slower hardening running gel form leaking out of the chamber. Add APS and TEMED to the running gel and mix by inverting the tube. Pipette ca. 5 ml in to the gel chamber and pipette ca. 500 µl of Isopropanol on top of the running gel to exclude air. When the running gel is fully polymerised, remove all isopropanol by pouring it out and then drying the corners of the gel with some absorbant paper. Add the APS and TEMED to the Collection gel and pipette it on top of the running gel until the chamber is filled. Quickly add the gel comb to the still-liquid gel and push it to the desired depth. Let the gel polymerise fully. It can be stored in wet paper in the fridge for a few days until use or used immediately. Running an SDS gel Prepare your protein solutions by incubating them with 5x Protein loading dye containing SDS for 30 minutes at 50°C to denature the proteins. They can be stored on ice until putting them on the gel or used directly. Use about 20 µg of protein if you intend to dye the gel with Coomassie blue. Use about 3 µg for a western blot. Put the SDS gel into the appropriate chamber and fill the middle of the chamber with cathode buffer and the bottom of the chamber with anode buffer. Gently pull out the comb from the gel. Use a pipette or a needle to straighten out the pockets in the gel and flush them with buffer. Pipette your denatured protein solutions into the pockets. Run the Gel at a constant 45 mA for about 90 minutes Coomassie Blue Dye Remove the gel from the chamber and the glass and put it into a small tub. Add fixation solution and incubate at 150 rpm for 5 minutes. Recycle fixation solution afterwards. Add Coomassie Blue Dyeing solution and incubate at 150 rpm for 5-10 minutes. Recycle coomassie blue afterwards. Add fixation solution and incubate at 150 rpm for several hours or over night. Pour this solution into the coomassie blue trash afterwards. Add Water to get the gel back into its orignal size, incubate for at least 10 minutes. Image the gel in a GelDoc.
Fatty acid extraction and derivatisation v1
Authors: Dusseldorf Igem
Published: October 2019

C17 internal standard (stock = 1 mg/ml) MeOH//3N HCl hexane 1% NaCl clean glass tubes always work with glass pipettes or hamiliton Start samples with 4 oD-units ( e.g.: oD = 1, you will need 4 ml culture ) centrifuge in a clean glass tube for 10 min @ maximum speed discard supernatant Freeze @ -80 ˚C until further use Extraction solution 200 µl C17 internal standard + 9,8 ml MeOH/3N HCl caution! fill in a beaker and take the needed amount out of this beaker always work with gloves pipet C17 internal Std. with hamilton Extraction add 1 ml extraction solution to samples and blank blank: fatty acid standard mix heat 60 min @ 90°C let cool down @ RT add 1 ml hexane add 1 ml 1% NaCl vortex for 30 sec spin down 5 min @ 2000 rpm transfer hexane phase in to GC vial with screw cap dilute samples ( 10 µl sample + 90 µl hexane ) wash hamilton between samples with hexane
Isolation of total RNA from Synechocystis v1
Authors: Dusseldorf Igem
Published: October 2019

Isolation of total RNA from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 Can be used for further work, like qPCR Always work fast, with ice and RNase-free (wear gloves!) PGTX solution (100 mL) 39.6 g phenol, 6.9 mL glycerol, 0.1 g hydroxyquinoline, 0.58 g EDTA, 0.8 g NaOAc, 9.5 g guanidine thiocyanate, 4.6 g guanidine hydrochloride PGTX contains phenol, wear safety gear and gloves Synechocystis culture Chloroform/IAA IPA + NaOAc (in a specific amount) 1 vol. IPA or 3 vol. EtOH and NaOAc 30:1 or 10:1 Start Centrifuge 5 ml of culture (oD750 of~ 1) for 5 minutes at maximum speed (T = 4°C) Discard supernatant. Resuspend cyanobacterial pellet in the remaining water (~1 ml). Transfer to a fresh 2 ml tube (RNase-free). Spin down 1 min at maximum speed. Discard remaining supernatant. resuspend pellet in 1 ml PGTX solution. Flash freeze and store at -80°C for later extraction, or proceed with the next step. Extract Heat samples at 95°C for 5 minutes in a shaking heat block. Vortex samples from time to time to ensure complete lysis. Place samples on ice for 5 minutes. Add 700 µl Chloroform/IAA. Vortex sample until it is opaque. Incubate at RT for 10 min, vortexing from time to time. Centrifuge samples at maximum speed for 10 minutes to seperate phases. Transfer aqueous phase (600 µl) to a fresh tube (RNase-free). Add 1 vol. (600µl) Chloroform/IAA. Mix well by vortexing. Centrifuge 10 minutes at maximum speed. Transfer aqueous phase (500µl) to a fresh tube (RNase-free). Precipitation Add 517 µl IPA + NaOAc to the samples. Mix well. Precipate over weekend at -20°C. Also possible: 1h at -80°C or over night at -20°C. Centrifuge precipitated sample at 4°C and maximum speed for at least 30 min. Remove supernatant, making sure not to disrupt the RNA pellet. Wash pellet with 70% EtOH (300µl). Centrifuge for 15 minutes, 4°C at maximum speed. Completely remove supernatant. Dry at RT for ~5 minutes. Do not overdry! Resuspend pellet in 40 µl pure, RNase-free water. Store at -80°C.
Glycerol stocks v1
Authors: Dusseldorf Igem
Published: October 2019

Overnight liquid culture (3mL) + Antibiotic. For E.coli Low salt LB For Pichia YPD 80% Glycerol: mix 20mL H2O with 80mL pure glycerol and then autoclave E. coli: 812µL of cells mix with 188 µL of sterile 80% glycerol Pichia: Spin 2min at 2000g. Decant 2ml. Resuspend in remaining liquid. 812µL of cells mix with 188µL of sterile 80% glycerol. Use cryovials for freezing away.
Hipertansiyon ve Erektil Disfonksiyon
Authors: ALTUNÖREN Orçun , ERKEN Ertuğrul , GÜNGÖR Özkan , YAVUZ Yasemin Coşkun
Published: October 2019

Erektil
disfonksiyon hipertansif hastalarda sık görülen bir problemdir. Hipertansiyonun
kendisi kadar tedavide kullanılan ilaçların da bu probleme katkıda
bulunabileceği düşünülmektedir Ancak yaygın inanışın aksine özellikle yeni
nesil antihipertansif ilaçlar erektil fonksiyon üzerine olumsuz etkilerde
bulunmamaktadır. Hipertansif hastalarda erektil disfonksiyon tedavisinde
fosfodiesteraz 5 inhibitörleri güvenle kullanılabilmektedir.
Nadir Yerleşimli Geniş Hacimli Keratokistik Odontojenik Tümör
Authors: BİLGEN Fatma , URAL Alper , BEKERECİOĞLU Mehmet
Published: October 2019

KCOT (Keratokistik Odontojenik tümör) tüm
çene kistlerinin %7,8 ‘ini oluşturmaktadır ve mandibulada daha sık
gözlenmektedir. Genellikle bulgu vermeden ilerler. Ancak enfeksiyona sekonder
ağrı ve şişlik ortaya çıkabilir. Maksilla yerleşimli KCOT, % 30 oranında oral
mukoza ekspansiyonu ile karşımıza çıkar. Çalışmada, nadir bir olgu olarak, sağ
yanakta şişlik dışında şikayeti olmayan, tüm maksiller sinüsü kaplamış ve
maksillar sinüs anterior duvarının erode etmiş, keratokistik odontojenik tümör
ve tedavi yaklaşımımız sunulmaktadır. 37 yaşında erkek hasta yaklaşık 6 aydır sağ
malar bölgede 3x3 cm. lik şişlik ve intraoral ekspansiyon nedeniyle opera
edildi. Çıkartılan kist duvarı ile histopatolojik imcelemeye gönderildi ve
sonuç odontojenik keratokist olarak tespit edildi.

Sonuç olarak, Keratokistik odontojenik
tümöler, maksiller sinüs içerisinde, bir diş ile birlikte veya diş olmadan
ortaya çıkabilir.  Hastanın yönetiminde
önemli olan, uygun tedavi yönteminin seçimi ve nüks oranı yüksekliği konusunda
doğru bilgilendirme ve takiptir.
A Musa Calíope e a beleza do canto em Homero e em Hesíodo
Authors: Dourado-Lopes Antonio Orlando
Published: October 2019

Retomando sucintamente o debate sobre o sentido da “inspiração divina” promovida pelas Musas na poesia hexamétrica grega, interpretamos o ‘proêmio’ da Teogonia de Hesíodo (versos 1-115). Partindo de um estudo de Teogonia, 26-28, desenvolvemos a interpretação sobre o emprego épico dos verbos kleío (“glorifico”), ainéo (“exalto”, “aprovo”) e hymnéo (“hineio”) para, em seguida, concentrarmo-nos na relação da Musa Calíope com a compreensão homérica e hesiódica da linguagem política. Propomo-nos a destacar a função de Calíope como mensageira da temporalidade estabelecida pelo reinado olímpico de Zeus.
Charakterystyka hydrologiczna zlewni rzeki Ciemięgi
Authors: Michalczyk Zdzisław , Chmiel Stanisław , Głowacki Sławomir , Sposób Joanna , Zielińska Beata
Published: October 2019

Na podstawie materiałów zbieranych w latach 1956–2017 przez pracowników Zakładu Hydrologii UMCS w pracy przedstawiono warunki tworzenia się zasobów wód podziemnych, spływu powierzchniowego, wydajności źródeł, odpływu i bilansu wodnego w zlewni Ciemięgi położonej w północnej części Wyżyny Lubelskiej. Analizę hydrologiczną oparto na dobowych stanach i przepływach z lat 1981–2017. Zasoby wodne zlewni zmieniały się w cyklu wieloletnim, z wyraźnie zaznaczonym rytmem sezonowym. Średni roczny przepływ wyniósł 0,53 m3∙s-1, co odpowiada odpływowi jednostkowemu 3,46 dm3∙s-1∙km2 i warstwie odpływu 109 mm. Wysokie zasilanie podziemne, kształtowane przez dopływ wody z kilku źródeł o wydajnościach 10–80 dm3∙s-1, warunkuje wyrównanie przepływów w dolnym biegu rzeki. Spływ powierzchniowy (mimo znacznych spadków terenu) pojawia się stosunkowo rzadko, najwyższe wartości osiągając w okresie spływu wód roztopowych po zamarzniętym gruncie. Wielkość odpływu ze zlewni Ciemięgi utrzymuje się poniżej średniej dla Wyżyny Lubelskiej i Polski.
Problems and Perspectives of LCC in Europe. Case Study: Poland and Portugal
Authors: Tucki Andrzej , Pantyley Viktoria , Dębicki Ryszard , Viega Alexandra
Published: October 2019

W ciągu ostatniego dziesięciolecia nastąpił wyraźny wzrost częstotliwości korzystania z transportu lotniczego w Europie. Było to związane z pojawieniem się nowego segmentu działającego w sektorze linii lotniczych, czyli przewoźników niskokosztowych. W artykule dokonano analizy wpływu dostępności infrastruktury regionalnych portów lotniczych na kontynuowanie występującej tendencji na przykładzie dwóch peryferyjnie położonych europejskich destynacji – Polski (do 2004 r. obszar stosunkowo „odizolowany” od mobilności typowej dla Europy Zachodniej) i Portugalii. Jak pokazują przeprowadzone analizy, udział tanich linii w analizowanych rynkach jest duży i wykazuje tendencję wzrostową. W 2016 r. lotniska w Portugalii obsłużyły 40,9 mln pasażerów zagranicznych, z czego około 47% przypadło na tanie linie. Na rynku polskim natomiast w 2017 r. udział ten oszacowano na poziomie prawie 60%.
Nijakość w języku i neutralność w literaturze jako sygnał odmienności kulturowej?
Authors: Pieciul-Karmińska Eliza
Published: October 2019

W myśl koncepcji „językowego obrazu świata” struktura gramatyczna może podpowiadać określone treści, uwypuklać je i akcentować, sprzyjając powstawaniu swoistego „świato-oglądu” (unikatowego i często nieprzetłumaczalnego). Taką strukturą jest rodzaj nijaki w języku niemieckim, gdyż jego częstsze użycie spowodowane jest brakiem końcówek rodzajowych w formach czasownika, oraz faktem, iż wszystkie zdrobnienia (posiadające końcówkę „-chen”, „-lein”) są z zasady rodzaju nijakiego (stąd chociażby zaskakująca dla polszczyzny gramatyczna nijakość „dziewczyny” w języku niemieckim). Szczególnie istotny jest w tym kontekście zaimek „es”, który nie tylko zastępuje rzeczowniki w rodzaju nijakim, lecz spełnia ponadto szereg istotnych funkcji gramatycznych. Nieprzypadkowo Siegmund Freud wybrał „das Es” jako nazwę dla opisywanej przez siebie kategorii dziecięcości (tłumaczonej na język polski za angielskim przekładem mylnie jako „id”).

Produktywność i częstotliwość użycia rodzaju nijakiego pozostawia oczywiście ślad. W literaturze pięknej kategoria ta służy nie tylko do wyrażania treści związanych z nijakością/dziecięcością, lecz werbalizuje również zjawiska związane z neutralnością/uniwersalnością, co pokazuję na przykładach zaczerpniętych z baśni braci Grimm i Ernsta Theodora Amadeusa Hoffmana oraz współczesnej literatury dziecięcej (książek Paula Maara). Następnie chciałabym zapytać, co dzieje się z kategorią nijakości w sytuacji przekładu na język polski i czy jej redukcja wiąże się wyłącznie z faktem nieprzekładalności językowej i „terrorem polszczyzny”, czy może być także nieświadomym (a może świadomym) odrzuceniem tej kategorii na rzecz dychotomizacji świata na żywioł męski i żeński.
Na przykładzie jednego zjawiska gramatycznego pokazuję, w jaki sposób elementy języka manifestują się w literaturze i czy mogą stanowić barierę kulturową w sytuacji przekładu na inny język.
Dwa sposoby wartościowania baby w przysłowiu Gdzie diabeł nie może, tam babę pośle
Authors: Wasiuta Sebastian
Published: October 2019

Autor rozpoczyna od omówienia historii przysłowia Gdzie diabeł nie może, tam babę pośle, jego definicji oraz obecnych w nim stereotypów diabła i baby. Następnie pokazuje, że o ile początkowo przysłowie to wartościuje babę negatywnie (jest gorsza od diabła, bo bardziej skuteczna w szkodzeniu ludziom), o tyle współcześnie akcentuje się, że baba wbrew diabłu robi coś dobrego. Przysłowie to staje się pochwałą pod adresem kogoś, kto zwyciężył diabła, czyli przezwyciężył trudności.
Codzienny język mieszkańców Bydgoszczy zapisany w tekstach literackich
Authors: Dyszak Andrzej S.
Published: October 2019

Wyróżnikiem wielkich miast jest język, jakim posługują się na co dzień ich mieszkańcy, nazywany gwarą miejską. Cennym źródłem gwary bydgoskiej, choć nie stricte literackim, jest Pamiętnik gapia Zbigniewa Raszewskiego. Największy zapisany zasób leksyki bydgoskiej zawiera trylogia Jerzego SulimyKamińskiego pt. Most Królowej Jadwigi. Poza tym wymienić trzeba m.in. powieści: Obóz Wszystkich Świętych Tadeusza Nowakowskiego i Kamienny bruk Wiesława Rogowskiego. W gwarze bydgoskiej, obok zjawisk leksykalnych, występują nieliczne zjawiska fleksyjne i fonetyczne oraz konstrukcje składniowe typu mieć plus accusativus cum infinitivo oraz być x lat starym. Autor Mostu Królowej Jadwigi używa – jako tworzywa językowego – gwary bydgoskiej, znanej mu z rodzinnego domu, więc można uznać, że język, jakim posługują się bohaterowie i narrator tej powieści, to język autentycznych mieszkańców Bydgoszczy. Gwara bydgoska wykazuje wspólnotę cech z gwarą miejską Poznania. Wpływ na to mają: położenie obu miast (dialekt wielkopolski) i ich historia (germanizacja).
To Hunt or Not to Hunt: Tiger Hunting, Conservation and Collaboration in Colonial India
Authors: Mitra Rajarshi
Published: October 2019

As the Edwardian era came to an end in Britain and its Empire began to decline, the glorious days of tiger hunting in India were being measured against a genuine fear of the total extinction of tigers. This article maps the precarious position of Indian tigers in the hands of hunters against the rising concern over preservation of the species in the first half of the twentieth century. Ranging from the bureaucratic to the overtly sentimental and personal, these attitudes, taken together, reveal a pre-‘Project Tiger’ conservation milieu in colonial India. They help us to judge the cultural status and symbol of the Bengal tiger before it became an iconic species for wildlife conservation in postcolonial India. The various debates and representations of tigers in hunting memoirs often throw light on intricate socio-cultural problems threatening the survival of the cat. In fact, the debates, as much as they spread awareness, ended up strengthening the bureaucratic and sometimes political hold over Indian forests. The article further tracks imperial discourse on the systematization of tiger hunts, which was effectively linked with the preservation of tigers and collaboration with Indians. During the twilight of the British Empire, tiger hunt and tiger conservation would emerge as sites for possible collaboration between Indians and their rulers. As recent efforts at international collaboration to protect tigers have shown, the tiger retains enough sentimental value to secure bureaucratic and political ties between nations.
Kimlik-Mücadele İlişkisi: Feminist Kadınların Anlatılarında Ev İçi Emeğin Bölüşümü
Authors: BİRER Biray Anıl
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmada, evli ve feminist kadınların ev içi emeğin paylaşılmasına dair anlatılarınaodaklanılarak, feminist kimliğin müzakeresi ele alınmıştır. Kadın anlatıları aracılığıyla bireyselolanla toplumsal olanın bağına yakından bakılmıştır. Sesi duyulmayan “ötekilerin” sesinekulak verdiği için son yıllarda yükselişte olan anlatı çalışmaları, kişilerin bireysel veya kolektifolarak tecrübelerini anlamlandırma örüntülerini ele aldığı için toplum çalışmalarında önemkazanmıştır. Anlatıda feminist kimliğin kurulumuna yakından bakan bu çalışmada, kimliğinsabit kurulmadığı ve değişken olduğu bir kez daha anlaşılmıştır. Çalışmada, eşleriyle ev vebakım işlerinin paylaşımını bir mücadele alanı olarak tecrübe eden kadınların, feministkimliklerini hem bu alanda inşa etmekte hem de feminist kimliklerini inşa ettikçe mücadeleyidevam ettirmekte oldukları fark edilmiştir. Öte yandan, çalışmaya katılan feminist kadınlarıneşleriyle olan ev içi emek mücadelesine dair ortak bir zamansal anlatısının olduğu (“dahaçatışmalı bir geçmiş” ile “daha tatmin edici bir şimdi”), kadınların kendilerini “dış dünyaya”nazaran daha “şanslı” ve “istisna” gördüğü gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca, çalışmaya katılankadınlar, ev ve bakım işlerini içeren gündelik hayat mücadelelerinde çoğunlukla SaraAhmed’in kavramsallaştırdığı üzere “oyunbozan feminist” olarak algılandıkları için bazenfeminist kimliklerini ön plana çıkarmamayı tercih etseler de çeşitli taktiklerle müzakereyibırakmadıkları anlaşılmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan kadınların anlatılarında, gündelik hayattayürüttükleri taktiklerden dolayı yeterince iyi feminist olmadıklarına dair suçluluk ve eşlerineyönelik öfke tonları hâkim olmuştur.
Metalaşmış Feminizm Kadınları Güçlendirir mi? 8 Mart Dünya Emekçi Kadınlar Günü Reklamlarının Feminist Eleştirel Söylem Analizi
Authors: ŞENER Gülüm
Published: October 2019

Türkiye’de şirketler, hem feminist hareketlerin daha görünür olması hem de kadınlarınişgücüne daha fazla katılmalarına bağlı olarak alım güçlerinin artmasıyla birlikte, toplumsalcinsiyet eşitliği konularında daha fazla çaba gösterir ve reklam kampanyalarında kadınlarıntoplumsal konumlarını destekleyici ve güçlendirici mesajlara ağırlık verir hale geldiler.Kadınların reklamlarda temsilleri de zaman içerisinde dönüşüme uğradı; daha önceleriedilgen, seksi, anaç, fedakâr gibi ataerkil kadın temsillerinin yerini günümüz reklamlarındaaktif, güçlü, bedeniyle barışık, özgüveni yüksek, ekonomik güce sahip, kendi hayatını kendiyöneten kadın temsilleri almaya başladı. Ancak, piyasa ekonomisi ve tüketim kültürüylehemhal şirket feminizminin kadın hakları mücadelesine ne denli katkı sunduğu tartışmalı birkonu. Reklamlarda karşımıza çıkan “güçlü kadın” söyleminin nasıl inşa edildiği incelenmeyihak ediyor. Bu çalışmanın savı, şirket feminizminin feminist mücadeleyi metalaştırdığı vegünümüz reklamlarında sunulan “güçlü kadın” temsillerinin kadınlardan ziyade marka imajınıgüçlendirmeyi amaçladığıdır. Çalışma, Türkiye’de çeşitli firmaların 8 Mart Dünya EmekçiKadınlar Günü için hazırladıkları reklam filmlerini feminist bir perspektifle, eleştirel söylemanalizi aracılığıyla inceleyerek, şirketlerin kadınların güçlendirilmesine ilişkin hangi söylemselstratejileri kullandıklarını ve söylemlerinin feminist mücadeleyle ne kadar uyumlu olduğunuortaya koymayı amaçlıyor. Toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin kalıpyargılara karşı çıkanmetinler olarak incelenen filmlerin bazılarında, yüzeysel bir feminizm sunulduğu bazılarındaise kalıpyargılara karşı çıkılır gibi görülürken aslında geleneksel rollerin yeniden üretildiğigörülüyor.
TECHNIQUE FOR DETERMINATION OF THE BIOLOGICAL AGE WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE FUNDAMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF AGING
Authors: Skrebneva Anna V. , Popov V. I. , Buslova A. S.
Published: October 2019

The article describes a new method for determining the biological age (BV) of a person, developed by a team of authors: A. Skrebneva, V. Popov, A. Buslova. The goal and objectives are to develop a new method for assessing BV with determining its validity and usefulness for predicting the rate of aging in the framework of a large national sample of people. Material and methods. For the work, anonymous results of blood tests of patients from 2014 to 2016 were taken from the laboratory of the Voronezh Regional Clinical Consultative and Diagnostic Center, Russia. At the first stage, data was divided into two sets: the first included the parameters of healthypatients, the second set was consisted from patients who had abnormal results.Afterwards significant for prediction biomarkers were determined by methods of statistical analysis on the initial data set of healthy patients. At the second stage, a statistical model was built. When calendar age (CA) were considered unknown, it was calculated by Klemera and Doubal method. Results. The proposed method provides improved accuracy of determining BV compared to traditional methods based on the linear regression method, since it takes into account the complexity of the relationship between biomarkers and the change in the degree of influence of various biomarkers in the process of age-related changes in the body. This made it possible, with a known CV, to reduce the confidence interval in determining BV ± 10 years to ± 4 years, and with an unknown CV of the patient - from ± 25 years to ± 10.9 years. Discussion. The proposed method allows to increase the accuracy of determining BV is not less than 2.29 times. Conclusion. The proposed method allows to assess the degree of influence of adverse environmental factors, chronic diseases on life expectancy and the effectiveness of recreational physical culture for dynamic medical monitoring in various medical institutions.
DEVELOPMENT OF PCI-CAPABLE HOSPITALS NECESSITY CALCULATION ALGORITHM
Authors: Sagaydak Olesya V. , Oshchepkova E. V.
Published: October 2019

Introduction. Today there is no method to assess whether number of PCI-capable centers in Russia corresponds to the real needs. The aim of the study was to develop a PCI-capable hospitals necessity calculation algorithm. Material and methods. We used population densities, maximum/optimal distances (areas) to which delivery of patients with acute coronary syndrome by sanitary transport is possible and maximum/optimal areas where patients can be transported by ambulance transport. Then we calculated the density threshold values: Group 1: 53 persons/km2 or more; Group 2: 53-27 people/km2; Group 3: 27-18 people/km2; Group 4: 18-8 people/km2; Group 5: 8 persons/km2 and less. Results. Formulas were proposed for calculating the need for PCI-centers. For group 1: population/60000 people, for group 2: area/11,310 km2, group 3: area/31,416 km2, group 4 with functioning of sanitary aviation: area/70,686 km2 (additional strengthening of the prehospital medical care); in the absence of functioning sanitary aviation: area/31,416 km2 (also additional strengthening of the pre-hospital stage of medical care); for group 5: population/600,000 in large cities (in addition, the use of sanitary aviation, increased prehospital medical care, the organization of primary vascular departments). Discussion. The existing amount of percutaneous interventions in Russia is not enough to meet the real needs for this treatment. At the same time, simple multiplying of PCI-centers is not expedient. Conclusion. According to the developed algorithm, in Russia it is necessary to organize 239 PCI-centers 24/7. In regions with a high population density it is possible to combine several cathlabs in one center.
CHANGES OF MORTALITY AND RATE OF AGING IN THE SECOND HALF OF 20TH CENTURY IN RUSSIA
Authors: Dontsov Vitaly I.
Published: October 2019

Introduction. The deepening of medical and demographic problems associated with the sharp aging of the population is an obstacle to the effective socio-economic development of countries, determining the increased interest in the problem of aging. The aim of the study is to study the features and causes of changes in age mortality in Russia of the twentieth century. Material and methods. Used a table of survival for the 1960-2000 years for Russia to calculate the components of the formula of Gompertz, the intensity of mortality and its increments, using the Excel program, and developed the computer program “Aging of populations»; the adequacy of the calculated (according to the Gompertz formula) and true mortality rate was estimated by the correlation coefficient (“r”). Results. The data obtained clearly show the presence of 4 stages of mortality change: reduction of child mortality; increased mortality of working age (20-65 years); the same mortality of retirement ages (65-85 years); increased mortality in the ages of long-livers (from 85-90 years). Discussion. It can be concluded that the improvement of medical and social care for children and pensioners reduces child mortality and produces the phenomenon of “delayed mortality” of pensioners: reducing the intensity of mortality (the rate of aging) in this age period. The latter leads to the phenomenon of inversion of total mortality for ages of long-livers (from reduced to increased). Use instead of overall intensity of mortality of its increment leads to the conclusion however, that the decrease in the rate of ageing for the ages of centenarians persists. For working person age mortality is increasing, which is obviously due to the increasing stress and environmental difficulties of modern cities. During the pension period, mortality rates are equalized for all studied historical periods. The reduction of the external component of mortality of the Gompertz formula makes the graph more linear over a longer age period (the contribution of the external component of Makeham, the constant, to the exponential component of biological aging, decreases). Conclusion. The detected trends in mortality indicate the direction of preventive and socio-medical impact on the health of the population.
Self-Efficacy and Postpartum Depression Teaching by Perinatal Nurses in a Rural Setting: A Replication Study
Authors: Link Kimberly A. , Tinius Rachel , Maples Jill , Logsdon M. Cynthia
Published: October 2019

Perinatal nurses in rural hospitals can play an important role in providing postpartum depression education to new mothers. Guided by Self-Efficacy Theory, this replication study used a self-report instrument to survey perinatal nurses' self-efficacy in postpartum depression teaching, self-esteem, stigma and attitudes toward seeking help for mental illness. Thirty-eight perinatal nurses employed in a rural hospital participated in the study. The results indicated perinatal nurses' postpartum depression teaching behaviors were associated with: self-efficacy related to postpartum depression teaching; social persuasion by a supervisor; prior mastery of teaching on other postpartum care topics; and vicarious experiences of observing peers teach about postpartum depression. Perinatal nurses with positive attitudes toward receiving psychological help were more likely to provide postpartum depression education.
Peningkatan kompetensi profesional guru melalui metode pendampingan
Authors: Wildan Wildan
Published: October 2019

[Bahasa]: Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk: (1) guru memperoleh informasi yang memadai tentang kurikulum 2013; (2) guru menguasai teori dan praktik dalam mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran; (3) guru terampil dalam mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran; (4) guru memiliki dokumen perangkat pembelajaran yang memadai untuk setiap mata pelajaran. Metode yang digunakan adalah penggalian permasalahan, menetapkan permasalahan, dan menyusun rancangan kegiatan pengabdian. Strategi yang digunakan adalah dua bentuk kegiatan yaitu workshop dan pendampingan. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah (1) guru memiliki informasi yang memadai dan meningkatnya pemahaman guru tentang kurikulum 2013 khususnya pemahaman konsep dalam mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran; (2) guru-guru peserta telah memahami dalam mengembangkan perangkat (RPP) dengan model format RPP yang disepakati bersama sesuai dengan kurikulum 2013; (3) guru memiliki keterampilan yang cukup khususnya dalam menyusun dan mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran; (4) guru-guru memiliki perangkat pembelajaran berupa Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) Tematik untuk guru kelas, mata pelajaran agama, dan mata pelajaran umum. Hasil dari pendampingan ini diharapkan menjadi acuan bagi madrasah dalam melakukan tindak lanjut untuk mengembangkan perangkat lainnya seperti pengembangan media pembelajaran, bahan pembelajaran, instrumen penilaian dan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD).

Kata Kunci: kurikulum 2013; profesionalisme guru; perangkat pembelajaran

[English]: The purposes of this community engagement program are that teachers (1) get adequate information about Curriculum 2013; (2) have mastery of theory and practice in developing learning tools; (3) are skillful in developing learning tools; (4) have prepared learning tools for each subject. The methods used consisted of identifying the problem, determining the problem, and designing the program. The program was held in the form of workshop and mentoring. The results are that the teachers (1) have adequate information and increasing understanding of Curriculum 2013, specifically understanding in developing learning tools, (2) understand and are able to develop learning plans which meet the criteria of Curriculum 2013, (3) have sufficient skills in designing and developing learning tools, (4) have thematic learning plans for classroom teachers, religious subject, and general subjects. The results of this program are expected to be a reference for the schools to have follow-up programs which support the teachers in developing other learning tools such as learning media, learning materials, assessment instrument, and students’ worksheets.

Keywords: curriculum 2013; teacher professionalism; learning tools
The state of russian library and information sciences from the perspective of academic journals
Authors: Mazov N. A. , Gureyev V. N.
Published: October 2019

Scientific challenge: A study of the current state of library and information sciences via bibliometric analysis of scientific journals and their editorial board members, i. e. geographic distribution and bibliometric analysis of their scholarly output resulting in additional approaches to evaluate serials and scientific area.Purpose: Bibliometric analyses of journals and scholarly output and geographic distribution of their editorial board members being the most authoritative experts over the last 5 years; detection of large scientific centers of library and information science; detection of a core of academic journals.Originality: For the first time in Russian literature results of the analysis of editorial boards are described for additional evaluation of library and information science journals and relevant scientific areas in general. Due to a limited number of papers on analysis of editorial boards this paper can be used as methodological one as well.Findings: Analysis of geographic distribution enabled us to detect a share of foreign members of almost 25 percent. The largest groups of Russian experts are located in Moscow and Saint-Petersburg, but also in two regional centers of the European part of Russia – Voronezh and Samara, while only Novosibirsk is the center of the Siberian expert group in library and information science. Experts mainly work at universities, followed by research organizations of The Ministry of Science and Higher Education. Wide range of bibliometric indices of editorial board members correlates with that of relevant journals. Some approaches of editors to enhance journal indices are detected including publication of their own high-level papers in journals which they are working for since these papers are attracting a larger amount of citations as compared with papers of other authors. Another strategy assumes that editorial board members cite their own journal in other serials. Co-citation data of analyzed journals predominantly demonstrate the absence of strong connections between journals.Conclusions: Editorial boards play a significant role in enhancing bibliometric indices of journals, and stronger integration of Russian library and information science society is necessary which may result in increasing currently low ranks of the studied journals among international serials.
Restoration of Extension of the Great Toe After an Untreated, Retracted Extensor Hallucis Longus Rupture
Authors: Jaffe David
Published: October 2019

Case:

A 66-year-old woman presented 10 days after dropping a knife onto her right foot. She was diagnosed with a complete, retracted extensor hallucis longus (EHL) rupture. A recommendation for acute repair was made, but she opted against surgery and was treated with observation and supportive care. At 1 year, the patient regained active extension of her big toe and had no gait disturbances or functional impairment.

Conclusions:

There is no literature on the natural history of a retracted EHL rupture. Surgery is typically advised to prevent symptomatic drop toe and theoretical subsequent deformity. This case illustrates the potential for restoration of extension of the hallux without surgical repair.