bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soil Nematode identification service and training in the new normal
Authors: Gafur A
Published: June 2021

Nematodes constitute one of the key components of soil ecosystems, and further studies are needed to explore the roles of each nematode taxon in soil ecosystems. Nematode communities can serve as bioindicator of soil health. However, the two points necessitate accurate identification of existing nematode taxa which in Indonesia is challenging due to the insufficient skill of workers and lack of identification service. The present study was aimed to explore the prospect of online nematode identification training and service as a solution to the above problem. A video conference with 38 participants was held during which still and video images of nematodes examined under a microscope were shared. The results showed that most participants reported clear images with minimum delay, although a smaller percentage had problems related to unstable internet connection. Therefore, the present study suggested the possibility of online nematode identification training and service. In this paper some procedures and setups are proposed for implementing such services, emphasizing on online activities during New Normal and beyond. Fully online or blended deliveries are proposed with increasing nematode handling skill development but also increasing need of access to laboratory facilities. The blended program is extensible to the post-pandemic state or new normal schemes of such activities have been proposed. The present paper also argues that Indonesia needs to build center(s) of nematode collection employing specialist taxonomists who can identify nematodes and are competent in providing identification services.
Probiotic characterization of Bacillus subtilis SM10.1
Authors: City S , Sugata M , Jan T T
Published: June 2021

As compared to common probiotics such as lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus species has the advantage of being able to produce spores that withstand extreme conditions and long storage period. One of the Bacillus species that has been reported to have probiotic properties is Bacillus subtilis. However, different bacterial strains of the same species might exhibit completely different abilities. Therefore, the specific properties of individual strains should be well-defined. In this study, Bacillus subtilis SM10.1 were examined in vitro for its probiotic properties such as low pH tolerance, bile salt resistance, antibiotic susceptibility, antimicrobial activity, auto- and co-aggregation, and adhesion ability to epithelial cells. Based on the results, spores of B. subtilis SM10.1 showed more tolerance to low pH than vegetative cells. Nevertheless, the vegetative cells of B. subtilis SM10.1 were resistant to bile salts. B. subtilis SM10.1 exhibited antimicrobial activity and high auto-aggregation ability. Its co-aggregation ability with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was also strong. B. subtilis SM10.1 demonstrated adherence ability to the buccal epithelial cell and was only resistance to streptomycin, bacitracin, and clindamycin among twenty-three kinds of antibiotics. The results of this study suggested that B. subtilis SM10.1 has potential as a probiotic strain. However, further investigation is required for the use of B. subtilis SM10.1 in human.
Turning waste into valuable products: utilization of agroindustrial oily wastes as the low-cost media for microbial lipase production
Authors: Fibriana F , Upaichit A , Cheirsilp B
Published: June 2021

The cost-effective production of lipase by microorganisms are currently needed. The bioconversion of agro-industrial oily wastes as an alternative oily substrate for lipase production in the form of solid-state fermentation (SSF) or submerged fermentation (SmF) would hold a potential role in future biotechnology. There are some studies revealed that yeast, fungi, and bacteria are the choice for lipase production such as from the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Candida, Geotrichum, Stenotrophomonas, Lasiodiplodia, and Yarrowia, as well as Staphylococcus, Burkholderia, Enterococcus, Pediococcus, Pseudomonas, and Bacillus utilizing several residues such as oil cakes and oily wastewater. In this review, the microbial lipase production conducted by many scientists utilizing agro-industrial oily wastes as the substrates is summarized.
Callus induction from tuber of lesser yam (Dioscorea esculenta) on MS media supplemented by 2,4-D and kinetin
Authors: Habibah N A , Safitri S , Pratiwi Y R , Wijawati N , Musafa F , Puspitasari A D S , Yuniastuti A
Published: June 2021

Lesser yam contains active pharmaceutical compounds. Secondary metabolic production of lesser yam plants takes time because of the long harvest period. Callus induction can be used to acquire active compounds in relatively short periods. This study aimed to determine the optimum concentration of 2,4-D and kinetin combination in inducing lesser yam callus in light and dark conditions. The research design used was a two-factor randomized block design, namely the combination of PGR (2,4-D 1 ppm + kinetin 1 ppm, 2,4-D 0.5 ppm + kinetin 1 ppm, 2,4-D 1 ppm + kinetin 0.5 ppm, 2,4-D 0.5 ppm + kinetin 0.5 ppm) and lightness conditions (light and dark). The observed parameters included callus appearance time, percentage of callus formation, and callus color and texture. The results showed that the combination of 0.5 ppm 2,4-D + 0.5 ppm kinetin in light conditions indicated the fastest callus time. Meanwhile, the percentage of explants with the highest callus was shown in all treatments in dark conditions by 100%. The calluses produced in light conditions were generally green with a friable texture, calluses in dark conditions were generally white and had friable texture.
Species richness of mosses in selo hiking trails mount merbabu national park
Authors: Fitriani A A , Rahayuningsih M , Rahayu E S
Published: June 2021

Bryophyte are a group of low vascular plants that are not vascular, small, can grow in several substrates and tend to have a humid habitat. Mount Merbabu National Park (TNGMb) is a forest area located in the Mount Merbabu area, which is located in three districts, namely Magelang Regency, Boyolali Regency and Semarang Regency (Central Java Province). The purpose of this study was to analyze the species richness of bryophyte along the Merbabu climbing track through Selo, Boyolali. The method used is the exploration or exploration method. The results of bryophyte that were successfully recorded and identified were 11 families and 15 species, namely Marchantia emarginata, Marchantia polymorpha, Marchantia inflexa, Asterella limbata, Bryum capillare, Rhodobryum ontariense, Brachytecium runtabulum, Barbula indica, Lagiomnium succulentum, Pseudosleropendodium purum flabellatum, Ectropothecium dealbatum, Funaria hygrometrica, Leucobryum Javaness. The Bryophytes that are often encountered are Bryopsida and Marchantiaceae
Spesies richness of Orchidaceae in Selo Resort Mount Merbabu National Park Central Java
Authors: Khoirurrais M , Rahayuningsih M , Saptono S
Published: June 2021

Mount Merbabu National Park with an area management system into 5 resort areas, namely Selo, Wonolelo, Pakis, Kopeng, Ampel and diversity in these places is highly and still sustainable. One of the plants that has a high diversity of species is the orchid (Orchidaceae). Orchids are a family of plants that have a fairly high variation and are very interesting. It is estimated that in the world there are about 20,000 species. This study aims to determine the species richness of orchids in mount Merbabu National Park resort Selo. This study uses the cruising method by making observations along the path with a radius of 10 m to the right and 10 m to the left. then recorded any orchid species found. The research found 7 species of orchids in mount Merbabu National Park resort Selo : Habenaria multipartita, Oberonia similis, Liparis pallida, Malaxis kobi, Coelegyne sp, Bulbophyllum flavescens, and Cheirostylis sp.
Morphology characteristic of some local durian from Kulon Progo Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Widyayanti S , Wirasti C A , Kristamtini
Published: June 2021

Kulon Progo is one of the regencies in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta which has diverse of plant genetic resources, one is durian (Durio zibethinus). Exploration and characterization of durian genetic resources have been carried out. Durian diversity can be determined by characterization and it is also an effort to complete information in registering process of local varieties. Registration and releasing varieties are an effort that must be made to provide legal protection for the status of variety ownership. Characterization was done using descriptor for durian. The aim of this research was to determine some of Kulon Progo local durian diversity based on their morphology characteristic and then analysed it to determine similarity among cultivars by cluster analysis. Method research was exploration. The results showed that there were six local durian from Kulon Progo : Menoreh Kuning, Menoreh Jambon, Promasan, Banjar, Kendil and Cempli. Based on morphological characteristic, there were three groups of Kulon Progo local durian, namely group I consisting of Banjar, Kendil, Cempli and Menoreh Jambon, group II (Promasan) and group III (Menoreh Kuning).
Characteristics of productive broodstock based on body length and gonad histology of eel (Monopterus albus) in Semarang
Authors: Setiati N , Partaya  , Ngabekti S , Priyono B , Rabiha S.
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics of productive broodstock based on body length and histological gonad description of eels in Semarang. Samples of catched eels in various sizes, each measured its length and weight, determined its sex, recorded morphologically and made microtechnic histological description of gonads. Based on description of gonad hyostology, the eels body length is 28-32 cm for female and consists of egg cells set, which are in 32-36 cm is intersex, the egg cell is decreased sperm cells begin to develop and those are in 37-45 cm. Based on IKG eels obtained in four subdistricts, the egg size cannot be measured because they are in 1.7 to 2.3 mm. Based on gonads microscopic view and visual body length at TKG II, TKG III and IV consisted of eggs and sperm. While eels IKG obtained the most are 25 eels in IKG class 2.829943-3.829943. Conclusion of this research showed that productive female eels have an average body length of 26 - 34 cm with a morphology characteristic sharp head, greenish skin color on the back and yellowish white on the abdomen. Productive male eels have a body length in 54 - 60 cm with a morphological characteristic is greenish brown back, brownish yellow belly, large head and nape size, slightly short tail and blunt ends.
Trends to the development of combined foods to create functional foods
Authors: Bintari S H , Putri M F , Saputro D D , Suwahyo  , Sunyoto
Published: June 2021

An overview of functional food trends from food combinations of several ingredients has been seen. Prediction of functional food through the realization of a combination of several foodstuffs, namely the combination of animal and vegetable ingredients and their relationship with fermented food continues to increase. In the pandemic era, people need healthy foods that are comprehensively contained in combination foods in one type of food. This has an impact on increasing the nutrients in it. According to functional food studies, it is said that if the food is a daily diet containing important nutrient sources, ie. protein, dietary fiber, probiotic bacteria, antioxidants, halal and good food. Currently, dietary changes are taking place, namely towards a more diverse diet. Changes in food consumption at the lowest level to the region to the global level must meet the criteria for healthy food and good for overall health. During the Cofid-19 period, people needed to make a switch to eating foods with complete nutrition, variety and health. During the last 8 months the implications of food for health have increased. Several types of functional food have been realized as a result of a combination of animal-plant complex foods and their micronutrient and antioxidant elements, such as milkfish and tempeh; meat with tempeh, wheat flour with tempeh. It turns out that the food products produced are preferred and have a trend that can be developed widely for now and in the future. The impact will be beneficial for business actors, agriculture, human health and the environment.
Species Richness of spermatophytes in Mranak forest area of mount Prau, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Alimah S , Mujabah I S , Abdullah M , Hadiyanti L N , Mubarok I
Published: June 2021

Forest clearing that has been used as agricultural land in Mount Prau is increasing. As a result, the sustainability of biodiversity, natural habitat of mountain forest and natural resources are increasingly under threat. However, green, and natural landscapes of mountain forest can still be found in eastern and northern slopes of Mount Prau. Although at lower slopes already contain agricultural land, the rate of forest encroachment for conversion to agricultural land is relatively slow. Mranak forest in Genting Gunung village, Sukorejo sub-district, Kendal district is one forest area that still in good condition. This forest is one of the unofficial hiking routes to the top of Mount Prau. This study aims to assess species richness of seed plants (Spermatophytes) in the Mranak forest. The exploration method was used to assess plant species. Based on preliminary field study, four observation areas were determined at different altitudes (1600, 1900, 2100, and 2300 meter above sea level). The results found 124 species of seed plants belonging to 61 families. Melastoma malabathricum found in zones 1 and 4 (lowest and highest area). The two zones are indeed more open according to the habitat preferences of this species. The Important species found in this research were Sarangan (Castanopsis argentea), Corybas orchid, and Edelweiss (Anaphalis longifolia). All three species are important because of their conservation status.
Effect of rootstock variety, cut surface and grafting time on graft success of Mangifera indica L. var. wirasangka
Authors: Rahayu E S , Retnoningsih A , Abdullah M , Sholihah N K
Published: June 2021

Mangifera indicaL. var.wirasangkais a local variety of Tegal Regency. It is rarely planted due to the limited number of seedling. The research aimed to develop an effective shoot grafting method. The study was conducted experimentally with a factorial completely randomized design of three factors. The first factor was mango variety for rootstock (keongmango andsantokmango). The second factor was cut surface shape (cleft, splice, and side-veneer graft). The third was time of grafting (morning and afternoon). The observed data were the number of shoots, the shoot length, the number of leaves, and the percentage of success graft. Data were analysed using Analyses of Variance and LSD test. The results showed that variety of rootstock did not affect the success graft, but affected the growth of scion. The cut surface affected the success graft and growth of scion. In contrast, grafting time did not affect the success graft and growth of scion. Cleft graft were most effective for grafting ofwirasangkamango. Based on the result it was recommended that the success shoot grafting ofwirasangkamango can usekeongandsantokvarieties, grafted using the cleft surface and done in the morning or afternoon.
Nutrient amount mangrove ecosystem in Bedono, Sayung district, Demak regency
Authors: Partaya  , Setiati N
Published: June 2021

The mangrove ecosystem in Bedono in some places is damage, which is caused by the erotion of the ocean current and wave. In the beginning it was the residential areas which were abandoned by residents some decade ago. These area store the organic and mineral material. The research aimed to found sediment/soil texture shore and to find out the contents of organic material (Carbon), Nitrogen, Phosphate and Pothasium/Kalium in the sediment and water in the mangrove areas. These research was conducted from February – June 2017. This research used descriptive method. The samples were taken by purposive sampling, include 3 station are Morosari (A), Tambaksari (B) and Senik/Rejosari (C). Each station was determined by three places sampling systematically. The sediment sampling were taken at a depth 10 cm and the sampling water were taken in the some places. The analysis of sediment/soil texture were carried out in the Soil Laboratory Civil Engineering Faculty, University of Diponegoro in Semarang and analysis soil and water were carried out in the Soil Laboratory, Agriculture Faculty, Gadjah Mada University in Yogyakarta. The result of the research showed that soil texture in Morosari including the kind of dusty loam texture. In Tambaksari including the kind of sandy loam to dusty loam texture., in Senik/Rejosari including sandy loam texture. The result of the research showed that the nutrient contents at the sediment in the Bedono village indicated the organic material 6,21 % (low), organic carbon 3,75 %, the dissolved organic carbon 0,09 % (low), the total nitrogen 0,20 %, and the dissolved nitrogen 8,66 ppm (low), the available phosphate at the sediment 24,73 ppm (medium) and the dissolved phosphate 0,095 ppm only the June, in February and April undetect. potassium/kalium content at the sediment was 3,75 me/100 gram (low) and the dissolved pottasium/kalium in the water was 66,93 ppm (medium). Mangrove genera in Bedono are Avicennia and Rhizophora it was associated with same mollusc species, and the dominant macrobenthos in Bedono are Cassidula sulculosa and Natica fasciata.
Improvement of high school biology teacher understanding on the national science competition subject through technical guidance
Authors: Anggraito Y U , Iswari R I , Priyono B , Purwantoyo E , Pukan K K
Published: June 2021

There has not been a single high school student in Brebes District who has successfully represented Central Java Province in the National Science Competition (NSC) in the last three years. The main problem is the teacher’s weak mastery of the subject to provide guidance to students, caused the mentoring process is not optimal. The purpose of this study was to improve the teacher mastery of subjects for teachers who were accompanying students in the NSC. This study used a one-group pretest-posttest design with a sample of 23 high school biology teachers who attended Technical Guidance (TG). The TG subjects were Ecology, Animal Physiology and Metabolism; Plant Anatomy and Physiology; and Genetics. The data obtained were pre-test and post-test scores, which were then analyzed using T-test and N-gain. The average result of the pre-test score was 40.22, and the post-test score was 70.27. There is an indication of teacher weaknesses in the application of the concept and data analysis. The results showed (1) there was a difference in the results of the participants’ post-test scores, which higher than the pre-test, (2) there was a significant increase in the scores between before and after technical guidance, (3) the N-gain was 0.51 in the moderate category. It could be concluded, Technical Guidance on NSC subjects is effective in improving the understanding of high school biology teachers in Brebes district.
Improving students’ communication skills and critical thinking ability with ICT-oriented problem-based learning and the assessment instruments with HOTS criteria on the immune system material
Authors: Isnaeni W , Rudyatmi E , Ridlo S , Ingesti S , Adiani L R
Published: June 2021

This study aims to facilitate high school students’ communication skills and critical thinking ability with ICT-oriented problem-based online learning and assessment instrument with HOTS criteria. This research approach is pre-experimental, with the one group pre-test- post-test design. This study involved 36 students of XI MIPA 4 and biology teacher at a high school in Jepara, Indonesia. The number of samples determined using the purposive sampling technique. The data collected includes data on students’ critical thinking skills, students’ communication skills, implementation of the learning process, teacher and student response data regarding teaching materials, and the learning process. Data of critical thinking skills were analyzed using the n-gain test. Other data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The results showed that students achieved a critical thinking skill level with N-Gain 0.31 (medium category) and communication skills 83.00 (very good category). The average score of the implementation of the learning process is in a good category, meaning that all syntax is carried out well. Teachers and students consider that ICT-based teaching materials are quite practical to use. According to them, the learning process is in a good category (positive). Conclusion: students’ critical thinking skills and communication skills can be facilitated through online learning with ICT-oriented PBL approach teaching materials and ICT-oriented HOTS assessment instruments.
Development of integrated teaching materials vibration, wave and sound with ethnoscience of bundengan for optimization of students’ scientific literation
Authors: Rusilowatil A , Sundari  , Marwoto P
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop natural science teaching materials that integrate ethnoscience Bundengan in the Vibration, Wave and Sound material for the Central Java region. The specific purposes are describe the characteristics of the teaching materials developed, test their validity, level of readability and effectiveness in increasing students’ scientific literacy. This development research uses the Borg & Gall development model, starting with the needs analysis, the development of teaching materials, the validity test and the readability of the teaching materials that have been developed, as well as the effectiveness of teaching materials. Validation is carried out by experts in the field of study (lecturer) and practitioners (science teacher). The subject of the reading test of textbooks and effectiveness was junior high school students in Wonosobo Regency. Test the readability of the book using the overlap test (cloze test). Data analysis techniques using percentages, normalized gain, and t test. The validity of the teaching materials for Vibration, Waves and Sounds integrated with ethnoscience Bundengan are very valid both in content, presentation and language. This teaching material is also able to increase students’ scientific literacy higher than other teaching materials.
An analysis of critical thinking skill and interpersonal intelligence in the development of ethnoscience-based teaching material salt production
Authors: Sarwi S , Nisa G , Subali B
Published: June 2021

The environment can act as a source of learning for elementary school students. Environmental-based science learning is really important in building the basic concepts of science. Teaching material development for learning resources is rarely carried out by teachers. The objective of this research was to analyze the use of salt ethnoscience-based teaching material on students’ critical thinking skills and interpersonal intelligence. The research method used was a mixed method with a concurrent embedded research design. This research was conducted in two public elementary schools in Demak Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The sample in this research amounted to 96 sixth-grade students. Data collection techniques used were tests and questionnaires. The research results showed that the use of salt ethnoscience-based teaching material had an effect on critical thinking skills with an N gain of 0.64 at moderate interpretation. The critical thinking skill showed a positive correlation with students’ interpersonal intelligence with r = 0.657 (moderate). It can be concluded that the implementation of ethnoscience-based teaching material is effective for improving critical thinking skills and interpersonal intelligence.
The Effectiveness of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) Online Assisted by Virtual Laboratory on Students’ Science Process Skills in Acid-Base Materials
Authors: Firmayanto R , Heliawati L , Rubini B
Published: June 2021

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of Integrated Content and Language Learning (CLIL) online assisted by virtual laboratory on students’ science process skills. The science process skills studied include the process of observing, classifying, communicating, measuring, predicting and inferring. This experimental research was conducted on students at Cahaya Rancamaya High School who used English as the medium of instruction in science learning. Student selection is done by purposive sampling. Data is collected through tests of science process skills. The results of the N-gain percentage analysis are 62% and in the medium category. The results show that CLIL online assisted by virtual laboratory is effective in improving students’ science process skills in acid-base material.
Correlation between student perception of learning model to learning outcomes in instructional methodology course at Universitas Negeri Padang
Authors: Yogica R , Lufri  , Fitri R , Muttaqiin A
Published: June 2021

Education for adults is different from education in secondary schools. The role of the lecturer is not only as a provider of teaching material, but as a learning facilitator. Thus, the basic assumption in adult education is that students have studied or at least have basic knowledge before attending lectures. Based on their basic knowledge, a psychological response appears within them, namely a perception of what will be followed during the lecture process. In the Department of Biology, Padang State University, we have implemented a model that we have developed, this model is a modified jigsaw learning model. Students’ perceptions are formed towards this model during lectures. We have calculated using a questionnaire about students’ perceptions of the learning model, and also count the correlation between this model and their learning outcomes (LO). We collect data using questionnaires and exam questions. The conclusion from our observations is the correlation value between students’ perceptions and their learning scores.
How to organize learning that supports the mastery of collaborative problem solving skills
Authors: Harjito K , Hardyanto W , Wardhani S , Sumarni W
Published: June 2021

One of the important competencies for teachers to master is the skills to organize 21st century learning and assessment (Assessment and Teaching of 21st skill/ATC21S). One of the learning models recommended so that h = teachers have these skills is the collaborative problem solving model (CPS). Learning the CPS model can be done face-to-face or online. Students learn in pairs or in small groups collectively to solve the problems presented. There are at least two domains involved in learning activities, namely social prayer and cognitive domains. Assessment based on activities is based on a context of problems that can only be solved if students have cognitive mastery and require interaction with other people. To measure the results of CPS, various data can be used such as video recordings, conversation recordings, log data, tests, interviews and self-efficacy.
The increase of students’ critical thinking abilities on optical instrument topic through pbl-stem with virtual simulation media
Authors: Parno  , Fauziyah S , Pramono N A , Anggraini R T , Hidayat A , Supriana E , Ali M
Published: June 2021

The optical instrument topic is considered difficult because of its abstract nature, and it involves mathematics so that it resulted in the low critical thinking abilities (CTA) on students. However, the implementation of PBL-STEM with VSM learning to engage CTA is still limited. This research aims to develop students’ CTA through PBL-STEM with VSM learning in the optical instrument topic. The subjects of this quasi-experimental with static-group pretest-posttest design are 78 number of grade XI students at a senior high school in Malang, Indonesia. The research uses the Critical Thinking Abilities Test with the alpha Cronbach reliability of 0.74. Data analysis was done with the Kruskal-Wallis test, ANCOVA, N-gain, and effect size. The results showed that in improving CTA, PBL-STEM with VSM class students are better than PBL and conventional classes, and PBL class’ students are better than conventional classes. The conventional class only learns with the usual way of learning every day. PBL-STEM with VSM class has higher N-gain than PBL class, and PBL class has higher N-gain than conventional class. For a practical effect on increasing CTA, the PBL-STEM with VSM and PBL pairs had a medium effect, the PBL-STEM with VSM and Conventional pairs had a large effect, and the PBL and conventional pairs had a small effect.
The effectiveness of google classroom as a tool to support online science learning: a literature review
Authors: Widiyatmoko A
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this article was to investigate the effectiveness of Google Classroom as a tool for support online science learning during pandemic COVID-19 in Indonesia. One of the impacts caused by COVID-19 in the education field is the implementation of online learning in all subjects, including science learning. This condition causes many teachers to use tools for online learning. Google Classroom is one of several tools to support online learning. Based on the literature review, this tool can manage class schedules, provide online and offline communication, share files, create and organize assignments, and provide feedback efficiently. This article also outlines the advantages and disadvantages when organizing online learning using Google Classroom, particularly in science learning.
Do the critical thinking skills perform well? A Survey on Preservice Science Teachers
Authors: Siswanto S , Hartono H , Subali B , Masturi M , Haryati S , Sukarno S
Published: June 2021

Critical thinking skills are a pivotal domain for students to have in today’s era. The learning process therefore must be able to train it. In order to train it by the learning process, its very important to be mapped. This study aims to investigate how level of students’ critical thinking skills of preservice science teachers. A survey method was conducted. The Cornel Critical Thinking Skill Test-Level X instruments used to measure the aspects of induction, deduction, observation and credibility, and assumption. The participants of this study were 106 science teacher candidates. The analysis was carried out by grouping students into five levels of critical thinking skills, namely level 1 (very low), level 2 (low), level 3 (sufficient), level 4 (high), and level 5 (very high). The results show that the generally are in the level 2 (low category). For the induction, deduction, observation and credibility aspects are in the level 2 (low category), while the assumption aspects are in the level 1 (very low category). This shows that critical thinking skills need to be trained in students. The learning process carried out must be able to facilitate students to have critical thinking skills.
Development of a critical thinking skill instrument for physics and chemistry students in higher education
Authors: Dwijananti P , Ruwaida A , Mindyarto B N , Wiyanto
Published: June 2021

Critical thinking skill is one of the essential skills needed in the 21st century. Besides being improved through a learning process, critical thinking skill also can be acquired through the evaluation. This study aims to determine the validity and reliability of a critical thinking skill instrument. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE model and a quantitative descriptive analysis. The participant of the study are fifty 2nd semester students majoring in Physics and Chemistry. This test consists of sixteen reasoned multiple-choice items. The data are collected by using test and questionnaire. Expert validation shows that this instrument is well categorized with a percentage of 90%. This result shows that the instrument is reliable with a reliability of 0.71. The implementation shows that students’ critical thinking skill is low with a score 10.1 out of 64.
Smoking fish in Banggi Village in learning of respiration system based on sustainable development
Authors: Hartadiyati E , Nurdianawati S , Wiyanto  , Rusilowati A , Ngabekti S
Published: June 2021

Sustainable Development in general is a human effort to improve the quality of life while trying not to go beyond the ecosystem that supports life. The smoking of fish in Banggi Village still creates smoke which can interfere with breathing for smoked fish craftsmen and the surrounding community. This study aims to determine the results of using fish smoking in Banggi village in learning the respiratory system to improve students’ problem solving abilities. This study used sample of two classes. One class there were a number of students who received Sustainable Development based learning and one other class did not get this treatment. The research instrument was in the form of problem solving ability test items. The results N gain on problem solving abilities in the class with Sustainable Development based learning activities are moderate category, while the class with not Sustainable Development based learning activities was low category. The posttest scores of the two classes are obtained by Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000 <0.05. The conclusion of this study is that the use of smoking fish in Banggi village in learning the respiration system based on Sustainable Development can significantly (p<0,05) improve students’ problem solving abilities.
Development of e-learning-based evalution tools for learning energy sources in elementary schools
Authors: Riyanti  , Susilaningsih E , Putra N M D
Published: June 2021

This study aims to develop an e-learning-based evaluation tool to assist teachers and students in distance learning activities about energy sources in elementary schools. Preliminaries conducted by researchers in ten elementary schools in Cirebon Regency show that teachers find it difficult to evaluate students so that the results obtained have not reached 75% complete classical. The type of used research is research and development (R&D) with a 4-D model consisting of 4 stages, namely define, design, development, and dissemination. This study used a group pretest-posttest design. The research subjects were 58 students of SD Negeri 3 Panembahan Cirebon Regency. The data collection instruments were carried out with interview sheets, tests and questionnaires. Quantitative data analysis techniques with parametric statistics, t-test one sample spss, Z proportion test. The results showed that the e-learning based evaluation tool using hosting and the developed domain was feasible, namely 3.82 with an average total score of 4.00 very valid category. Teacher response obtained 97.14% (very good). Student response obtained 98.42% (very good). Students experience classical completeness by 89%. It can be concluded that the use of e-learning based evaluation tools is a solution to the faced problems by teachers and students today as an alternative in assisting the implementation of distance learning.
Identification misconceptions using Movement and Circulatory System Diagnostic Test (MCSD-Test) in XI class SMA/MA in East Java
Authors: Rohmadhani I A N , Susilo H , Lestari U
Published: June 2021

Movement and circulatory system discusses biological phenomena that occur in the body. Both materials are classified as abstract because they cannot be observed directly. Abstract material will apply to students. Difficulty understanding concepts can lead to misconceptions. Misconceptions can hinder students from constructing scientific concepts so that they can hinder the learning process. This is what makes misconception messages important. This study used a diagnostic test for the movement and circulatory systems to identify misconceptions. Each question on this test consists of three levels. One of the three-tier instruments can differentiate between students who lack knowledge and those experiencing misconceptions. This research was conducted in 4 regions in East Java Province, namely Lamongan Regency, Kediri Regency, Trenggalek Regency and Malang City. The research sample was 669 class XI students who were taken from 12 schools in 4 regions. The results showed that students who experienced misconceptions on the material of the movement system were 17,05% and the circulatory system was 31,38%. Factors are causing student misconceptions, especially because the teaching materials used by students have misconceptions. Suggestions for further research are (a) to examine misconceptions on other biological materials (b) to further analyze the causes of misconceptions, and (c) to identify misconceptions of the Biology teacher.
The online assessment in education course
Authors: Adri H T , Suwarjono  , Sesrita A , Sudjani D H
Published: June 2021

This research is a development research with the development method from Borg & Gall. This study aims to develop an online assessment program that can measure students’ mastery of concepts in science education subject matter learning. The research was conducted at a university in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the steps for developing an online assessment program in science education courses. This program testing analysis is only carried out until the program validity testing stage by experts and students as users. Data obtained through expert validation tests and questionnaires given to students as users. The results showed that the program developed had very good criteria so that it could be used as a tool for assessing science learning for students.
Integrated waste management system in Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
Authors: Fathoni K , Utomo A P Y , Prasetiyo B , Retnoningsih A
Published: June 2021

Waste has become a global problem worldwide. Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES) also cannot avoid this problem. Therefore, UNNES has included the sustainable waste management system in its long-term target. However, this target will not be achieved if UNNES does not take any real action. Starting this year, UNNES begin to operate integrated, independent, and sustainable waste processing to replace conventional waste processing, which only piled up the waste in the city landfill. This paper aims to describe this new waste management system of UNNES comprehensively. The study found that the system can effectively handle up to 5 tons of various waste that UNNES produces a day. The waste was sorted and classified into four categories, and different treatments processed it. Leaves and food waste were recycled into compost and black soldier fly (BSF) maggots, respectively. While plastic, bottle, and paper waste were distributed to the third party, they managed the waste. Finally, the rest of the unsegregated waste (e.g., twigs or branches, glass fraction, unrecyclable plastic) were turned into the ashes by an eco-friendly incinerator.
LMS–supported science blended learning design workshop as an effort to improve learning quality for science teachers
Authors: Hardianti R D , Wusqo I U , Savitri E N , Pamelasari S D , Yanitama A , Suanto A , Widyatama A S
Published: June 2021

This workshop aimed to prepare science teachers making advantages of technological advances by using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to improve quality of learning process. With the COVID-19 pandemic that occurred suddenly, science teachers were strongly encouraged to use of LMS (Learning Management System). Research method selected were descriptive quantitative to describe a phenomenon, event, and incident that occur factually and accurately of science learning quality during the outbreak. There were 25 participants involved. This research applied percentage descriptive analysis to examine whether participants successfully in designing LMS that meet minimum criteria. The results of interviews and questionnaires distributed before workshop showed that more than 50% of the trainee teachers only used Whatsapp to carry out online learning in the last semester. Some teachers also don’t know the characteristics of LMS, so they think that Whatsapp is also one of the LMS. Workshop done online via zoom meeting, divided into three meetings. Online consultation was provided as well to monitor teachers’ progress in designing LMS content. After workshop implementation, 88% of the participants were proficient in making LMS, they were able to filled it with learning activities such as discussions, presentation materials, and evaluation.
The effect of Beauveria bassiana on the larvae of Oryctes rhinoceros
Authors: Indriyanti D R , Wijayanti D , Setiati N
Published: June 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of B. bassiana on O. rhinoceros larvae. The samples used were 30 healthy 3rd instar O. rhinoceros larvae weighing 10-16 gr with a body length of 7-10 cm that were obtained from the field. The study consisted of two treatments with 10 replications, namely P1 (2 gr B. bassiana kaolin formulation/200 gr media) and P0 (Control). Observations were made every 2 days until all treated larvae was dead. The results showed that the larvae of O. rhinoceros infected with B. bassiana in the kaolin formulation died in a stiffness state and were covered with white powdery fungal hyphae on the surface of the larval body. Larvae died from B. bassiana on the 8th day after treatment and all larvae died (100%) on the 20th day after treatment. None of the O. rhinoceros larvae in the control treatment experienced death until day 20 after treatment.
Encyclopedia of plants on Mount Tidar Magelang as a plantae learning source: expert and user review
Authors: Murwati A , Alimah S , Yuniastuti A
Published: June 2021

Local potential can be used as a source of learning in contextual learning strategy. A learning source in the surrounding area can provide direct experience so that it will expectedly improve the students’ learning outcome. The purpose of this research is to test the validity of the “Encyclopedia of Plants on Mount Tidar Magelang” as a plantae learning source. The research and development method used was the Borg and Gall R&D model. The scores of questionnaire results, as research data evaluated by material expert, media expert, teacher, and the students as users; were analyzed by quantitative descriptive analysis. The validation results from the media expert are very valid in the graphics and language aspects. The validation results from the material expert are valid in the content feasibility and presentation techniques, while it was very valid at the language aspect. Based on small scale test, the Encyclopedia of Plants on Mount Tidar Magelang is also very valid when it is used as a plantae leaning source.
The skills of students following the microtechnic in making microscopic preparations for science learning in the Covid-19 pandemic period
Authors: Rudyatmi E , Iswari R S , Rusilowati A , Alimah S
Published: June 2021

The objectives of this study were (1) to analyze the skills of students who took the Microtechnical course in making microscopic preparations during the Covid-19 pandemic, and (2) to analyze the factors supporting the skills of students who took the Microtechnic course in making microscopic preparations. This type of survey research, a population of 134 students who took Microtechnic courses in the even semester of 2019/2020. Students’ skills in making microscopic preparations are measured by performance observation sheets which are then categorized. Factors supporting student skills in making microscopic preparations were measured by a questionnaire which was then presented. The results of the study, most of the students who took the microtechnic course were skilled at making cross-sectional preparations of leaves using the freehand slice method. The supporting factors for students’ skills in make microscopic preparations were obtained from reading microtechnic books and previous practical experiences on plant anatomy. All the students were skilled at making thin blood smears. Most of the supporting factors for students’ skills in make microscopic preparations were obtained from reading micro-technical books and viewing the YouTube online platform.
Analysis of pixel detector material budget based on test beam
Authors: Qu C.Y. , Dong M.Y. , Tian X.C. , Lu X.X. , Wu Y. , Zhang H.Y. , Ma X.Y. , Dong J. , Ju X.D. , Jiang X.S. , OuYang Q.
Published: June 2021

A prototype under development for the BESIII inner drift chamber upgrade is based on MAPS detectors. The detector module is the basic building and functional block of the detector prototype. Its design must meet the requirements of low material budget and high stiffness. To verify the design and quantify the performance of the detector module, a detector prototype system including five layer modules was tested at the beam facility at DESY. In order to reconstruct the 2D material budget image of the detector module, a dedicated track fitting method is developed, and the impact of multiple scattering on the track fitting is taken into account to improve the accuracy of the track reconstruction. After getting the distribution of the multiple scattering angles on the module, the material budget of the module is obtained based on the Highland formula. The test result shows that the material budget of the detector module is about 0.35 ± 0.03 (sys.)% X
0, which is consistent with the calculated value of 0.37% X
0.
Time Series Analysis of Rainfall Variability at North Jordan: A Case Study at Yarmouk River Basin
Authors: Al Daraien R , Al Atawneh D
Published: June 2021

Water represents a key challenge to sustain the progress of Jordan. Providing healthy drinking water, along with current scarcity is one of the most major constraints in the water sector. This paper pursues to investigate the Spatio-temporal distribution of rainfall variability for time slice 1985-2014 over the Yarmouk River Basin (YRB) – Jordan side. Ten rainfall gauges were selected within the basin over the observation period. Applying two nonparametric statistical tests; Mann-Kendall to detect the rainfall trend in YRB, and Kolmogorov–Smirnov to detect the variations of rainfall distribution. Besides, the GIS spatial analyst tool was utilised to create interpolated rainfall map using the Thiessen polygons method. The results indicated that YRB will witness a potential decline in annual rainfall in most stations. Further, a shift in rainy season timing 2 and 58 days was observed at late in the start of the season (SoS) and 2 to 48 days for an early end of the season (EoS) on a decade’s basis accompanied by the significant uptrend in the long-term.
Qualitative Evaluation of Pedestrian Facilities using the PLOS Model
Authors: Kaur Harsimran , Singh Paramjit , Bivina G R , Nawani Akhil
Published: June 2021

This paper evaluates the efficiency of existing pedestrian facilities in Ludhiana, Punjab (India) using the Pedestrian Level of Service (PLOS) model. Assessment of the PLOS is essential in analysing the factors that lead to pedestrian congestion in the city. The study focuses on the major junctions and the city’s core and is limited to Ludhiana considering the population projection and the proposed Land use. The paper is an exploratory study that collects and analyses data from primary and secondary sources. Primary studies included on-site observations and surveys such as user evaluation survey and pedestrian volume count, interviews, and discussions with domain experts and residents on pedestrian facilities’ problems. The approach is intended to assist Urban Planners and Transportation Engineers in making informed decisions when designing road cross-sections that satisfy pedestrians’ basic need and assess and prioritise the needs of existing roadways for sidewalk retrofit development. Further, this study can be used as a benchmark for pedestrianizing the other congested streets and intersections.