bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Soil Structure Interaction Effects on Seismic Response of RC Framed Buildings Using Simplified Method
Authors: Timilsina Prakash , Ghimire Chhabi Raj , Chaulagain Hemchandra
Published: January 2024

In the current practice for the design of the building structure is done by considering the footing as fixed based. The mid-rise buildings having variation in storey height from 3- to 10-storey were selected for the research. In this research, analysis was done to study into the interaction between the seismic response of RC-framed buildings and the soil-structure for various soil types. To study the linear responses of the structures, the model was developed in FEM software SAP2000. The underneath soil was modelled by using direct method, where the soil is considered as solid element. The considered depth of soil was considered 30 m and the viscous spring dashpot were applied to avoid the reflection of seismic waves in soil medium along the effective horizontal soil boundaries. The seismic response variables such as maximum lateral deflection, inter-storey drift and fundamental time periods have been studied. SSI amplified the lateral deflection, inter-storey drift and time period of structure shifting the performance level from life safety to near collapse level. Fundamental time period of the first mode was increased by 23 % for very soft soil. The maximum lateral deflection of 10-storey building for very soft soil was amplified up to 282 % for Kobe and the performance level was shifted from life safety (1.5 %) to collapse level for all the considered model for soil type D . The performance level of structure was checked against the different soil types on varying storey height and finally a simplified method has been proposed to incorporate the effects of SSI in fixed base structures.
How do Eye Movements and Visual Attention in Letter-Finding Tasks Differ in Children with Different Levels of Reading Skills?
Authors: Shajhutdinova Ruzalina I.
Published: January 2024

Children with different levels of reading proficiency demonstrate different information processing speed, reading accuracy and cognitive strategies. The study presents the results of analyses of eye movement features when performing letter search tasks in lexical and sub-lexical environments. The task of searching for a particular grapheme by the respondents is approximated to real-life conditions, since in the course of language learning students regularly face the tasks of searching for certain orthograms in educational texts or self-checking tasks (i.e., errors in their own texts), which is especially important for children with dysorphographia, regulatory dysgraphia, and other learning difficulties. Forty-nine children aged 9 to 10 years participated in the study. Reading skills were assessed using the Standardized Assessment of Reading Skills (SARS). Nonverbal intelligence was assessed by using Raven’s coloured progressive matrices. Participants performed a letter search task in text and letter list, eye movements were recorded using the EyeLink 1000 Plus eye tracker. Rank correlation analyses showed that the level of reading skill development was related to the efficiency of finding specific items in a given context. In addition, the duration and number of gaze fixations on the searched units in the letter list were not always related to the number of correct answers, indicating a complex process of visual attention during the search task. In addition, it was observed that foveal vision was not always necessary for performing search tasks in children with normally developed reading skill levels. The study also investigated the concept of functional visual field and how the surroundings of the items being searched affect the attentional mechanisms involved in visual search. Overall, this study provides evidence on the relationship between reading skills, attention and visual information processing, which contributes to understanding reading strategies in children with dyslexia and creating new methods for screening children with dyslexia in the future.
Categorization of Attitude to Reality in Paremiological Units
Authors: Ivanov Eugene E.
Published: January 2024

The study deals with the proverbal semantics from the point of view of its attitude to the surrounding world as an object of cognition, evaluation, verification and verbalization. The aim of the study is to describe the main semantic types of paremiological units (proverbs) according to the criterion of “relation to reality” in empirical, axiological, ontological and logical aspects. The research was done on the material of proverbs in the Kalmyk language from the collection of V.L. Kotvich (1905). The author’s methodology of categorizing the semantics of the aphoristic units, and their differentiation into semantic types according to the criterion of “relation to reality” was used. It has been revealed, that in the proverbs all major aspects of aphoristic categorization of the reality are represented, according to which the proverbial semantics is differentiated into six categories: “nomological” and “centential” (In the empirical aspect), “truistic” and “gregarious” (In the axiological aspect), and also paradoxical (In the logical aspect) and absurd (In the ontological aspect). It has been established that the categorization of the attitude to reality in proverbs is characterized by different quantitative representation and content heterogeneity. The attitude to reality as an object of cognition and evaluation is represented to the greatest extent in proverbs, and to the least extent - as an object of verification. Proverbs of different semantic categories have a specific set of prototypes, concepts and images. The categorisation of the attitude to reality in proverbs is universal, but it is distinguished by selectivity in terms of its distribution in the semantic types and conceptual imagery, which represents the ethnolinguistic and cultural specificity of the categorisation and conceptualisation of the proverb picture of the world.
Semantic Structure of the Word in the Perspective of Interdisciplinary Research
Authors: Klimenko Galina V.
Published: January 2024

The study is devoted to actual issues of cognitive linguistic and cultural linguistic. Both sciences are sciences of the synthesizing type, and they make it possible to explore a linguistic sign in its deep functions related to the mentality and culture of a particular linguistic community. The object of the research is the commonly used Russian lexeme a head , which is the key sign of the corresponding concept. Its semantic structure, paradigmatic and national-cultural characteristics are established. The novelty of the study lies in the complex of applied methods: vocabulary definition analysis, contextual analysis, introspection method, cognitive interpretation of the results obtained. A culturological commentary is provided. Theoretical value of the study: the synthesizing approach allows us identify the structure and content of the concept, as well as cultural attitudes transmitted by language signs. Applied value: the results of the study can be used in lexicographic practice, as well as in the courses on cognitive linguistics, cultural linguistic, theory of intercultural communication.
Cognitive-pragmatic Potential of Riddles in Literary Discourse
Authors: Prokhorova Larisa P. , Potapova Natalia V. , Zavyalova Galina A.
Published: January 2024

The studies treat the peculiarities of riddles functioning in different genres of literary discourse in three literary texts by the English writers L. Carroll’s «Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, J. Tolkien’s «Hobbit, Back and Forth» and R. Austin Freeman’s «The Mysterious Visitor». The relevance of this work is determined by the interest of linguists to a riddle as a linguistic phenomenon, possessing a certain cognitive-pragmatic potential, and is still insufficiently researched. As a valuable source of knowledge about the culture and traditions of a particular ethnic group, the riddle has a great linguistic and cultural potential and reflects the variability of the world’s pictures. Coding an object of the existing reality in the riddle aims to create a problem situation for the guesser, who should demonstrate the flexibility and non-standard analytical or insight way of thinking. The purpose of the study is to describe the cognitive-pragmatic potential of riddles functioning in a literary tale and a detective story. It has been established that the riddle can be not only an independent communicative event, but also an integral part of complex literary genres. The use of riddles in literary discourse is motivated by the author’s intention and reflects the creative nature of thinking. In the fairy tale, the riddle is aimed at game communication with a reader, while in the detective discourse it represents the main genre-forming element around which the plot and the system of characters are built.
Determinants of Zakat Compliance among Business Owners in Indonesia
Authors: Bonang Dahlia , Baihaqi Muhammad , Pusparini Martini Dwi
Published: January 2024

This study aims to identify the factors that affect the compliance of Indonesian business owners with zakat payments. Data were collected from 205 individuals using a purposive sampling technique through an online survey. The results of the data analysis, conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), indicate that social piety, zakat literacy, Islamic egalitarianism, and moral norms significantly influence the intentions and compliance of business owners regarding zakat payments. These factors play a crucial role in shaping the intentions and behaviors of business owners concerning their zakat obligations. The findings offer valuable insights for both business owners and policymakers in efforts to improve compliance with zakat payments, which ultimately contributes to economic sustainability and social justice. Business owners can utilize these results to enhance their understanding of zakat obligations, thereby increasing their compliance. For policymakers, the results can serve as a foundation for designing more effective strategies to encourage compliance among business owners, such as implementing zakat literacy programs, socialization activities, and approaches that reinforce the values of egalitarianism and moral norms within the context of zakat.============================================================================================================ABSTRAK – Determinan Kepatuhan Zakat Para Pemilik Bisnis di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan pemilik bisnis Indonesia dalam membayar zakat. Data dikumpulkan dari 205 individu menggunakan teknik sampling purposif melalui survey online. Hasil analisis data dengan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) menunjukkan bahwa kesalehan sosial, literasi zakat, egalitarianisme Islam, dan norma moral memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap intensi dan kepatuhan pemilik bisnis dalam membayar zakat. Faktor-faktor ini memainkan peran penting dalam membentuk niat dan perilaku pemilik bisnis terkait dengan kewajiban zakat. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan yang berharga bagi pemilik bisnis dan pembuat kebijakan dalam upaya meningkatkan kepatuhan pembayaran zakat, yang pada akhirnya berkontribusi pada keberlanjutan ekonomi dan keadilan sosial. Pemilik bisnis di Indonesia dapat menggunakan hasil kajian ini untuk meningkatkan pemahaman mereka tentang kewajiban zakat, sehingga meningkatkan kepatuhan mereka dalam membayar zakat. Bagi pembuat kebijakan, temuan ini dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar untuk merancang strategi yang lebih efektif yang dapat mendorong kepatuhan pemilik bisnis dalam membayar zakat, seperti program literasi zakat, aktivitas sosialisasi, dan pendekatan yang memperkuat nilai-nilai egalitarianisme dan norma moral dalam konteks zakat.
Optimizing Dayah Business Units in Aceh: An ANP Study
Authors: Najma Siti , Asmuni Asmuni , Siregar Saparuddin
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the key factors influencing the success of business units within Dayah (Islamic boarding schools) in Aceh Province, Indonesia. Employing the Analytical Network Process (ANP), the research gathers expert opinions and insights from academics, government officials, and practitioners. The analysis reveals that both internal and external factors significantly impact the management of Dayah business units. Internal factors identified as crucial for success include public relations resources, leadership capabilities, business management practices, natural resource availability, and adequate business capital. Externally, technological advancements, demographic shifts, political/governmental support, socio-cultural influences, and economic conditions all play a role in determining success. This research highlights the importance for stakeholders to consider these diverse factors when optimizing Dayah business unit management. It further offers practical recommendations for managing such units within the context of Aceh, Indonesia.==============================================================================================================ABSTRAK – Optimalisasi Unit Bisnis Dayah di Aceh: Studi ANP. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor yang menjadi penentu kesuksesan dalam mengelola unit bisnis Dayah atau Pondok Pesantren yang ada di Provinsi Aceh, Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan Analytical Network Process (ANP) untuk mengumpulkan opini dan pendapat dari akademisi, pejabat pemerintah dan praktisi. Analisis ANP menemukan bahwa kesuksesan dalam pengelolaan unit bisnis dayah di Aceh ditentukan oleh faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor internal yang teridentifikasi menjadi penentu keberhasilan adalah SDM, kepemimpinan yang kapabel, praktik manajemen bisnis, ketersediaan sumber daya alam, dan kecukupan modal usaha. Sementara dasi sisi eksternal, faktor penentu kesuksesan adalah kemajuan teknologi, perubahan demografi, dukungan politik/pemerintah, pengaruh sosial budaya, dan kondisi ekonomi. Hasil ini berimplikasi bagi para pemangku kepentingan dalam optimalisasi pengelolaan unit bisnis pada dayah-dayah di Aceh untuk memperhatikan faktor-faktor kesuksesan tersebut. Penelitian ini juga memberikan rekomendasi praktis yang bisa dijadikan acuan dalam pengelolaan unit bisnis yang dikelola oleh Dayah/Pondok Pesantren di Aceh, Indonesia.
Jóvenes NINI: del concepto a sus trayectorias de vida en pandemia
Authors: Rincon Coronado Maria Juliana , Rojas Wilches Sonia Bibiana , Augusto Alejo Didier , Meneses Cabrera Tania , Agudelo Ramírez Alexandra , Zuluaga Cruz Leidy Mariam , Rondon Bohorquez Claudia , Peña Trujillo Jaime Enrique , Rodríguez Castillo Sonia Johanna , Tirado Velandia Luz Adriana
Published: January 2024

En las siguientes páginas el lector encontrará testimonios, estadísticas, estudio de indicadores, análisis de prensa, comprensiones sociológicas y demográficas; como intento para comprender un fenómeno social creciente en Colombia, la dificultad que tienen los jóvenes de mantenerse en la educación formal y el empleo, más allá de una necesidad de aportar a la economía formal y sostener el aparato productivo; escuchamos a jóvenes en diferentes ciudades del país, contrastamos sus testimonios con los de la prensa y otros medios de comunicación, comparamos con los datos del Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística y página tras página pretendemos dar un panorama actualizado y sensible que parte de un concepto estigmatizante para descubrir una suma de precariedades y condiciones complejas por los que atraviesa la juventud. También mencionamos los deseos de transformación, las contradicciones y emociones que hacen parte de sus dinámicas vitales. A través de este texto, se busca presentar los resultados de la caracterización de los jóvenes NINI en Colombia, en el contexto de pandemia. Aspectos sociodemográficos y necesidades sociales sentidas de este segmento poblacional (entre 14 y 28 años) que dan cuenta de una gran diversidad y cruces interseccionales con variables como género, situación socioeconómica, raza, ubicación geográfica entre otras. Esperamos este documento aporte en la orientación de políticas públicas y estrategias de atención a las y los jóvenes, así como una mayor comprensión sobre el tema.
Comparison of the efficacy between immunochemotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with gastric cancer with synchronous liver metastasis: a real-world study
Authors: Zheng Chao-Hui , Lin Guang-Tan , Liu Zhi-Yu , Shang-Guan Zhi-Xin , Lin Jian-Xian , Wu Ju , Zeng Gui-Rong , Chen Qi-Yue , Xie Jian-Wei , Li Ping , Huang Chang-Ming
Published: January 2024

Background: Few studies have investigated the efficacy of
comprehensive therapy, including immunotherapy, for gastric cancer with
synchronous liver metastases (GCLM). We compared the effect between
immunochemotherapy and chemotherapy alone as a conversion therapy on the
oncological outcomes of patients with GCLM. Methods:
Clinicopathological data of 100 patients with GCLM from February 2017 to
October 2021 from our institution were retrospectively analyzed. The
patients were divided into immunochemotherapy (n=33) and chemotherapy
alone groups (n=67). Results: The baseline clinicopathological
data did not significantly differ between two groups. The
immunochemotherapy group had higher overall response (59.4% vs. 44.0%,
P=0.029) and disease control rates (71.9% vs. 49.2%, P=0.036) than the
chemotherapy group. The immunochemotherapy group showed better tumor
regression in gastric mass, metastasis lymph nodes, and liver lesion
than did the chemotherapy group. Ten (30.3%) patients in the
immunochemotherapy group and thirteen (19.4%) in the chemotherapy group
underwent surgery after conversion therapy. However, the difference was
not significant. The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival
(PFS) rates were better in the immunochemotherapy group than in the
chemotherapy group. Treatment-related adverse events occurred in 24
(72.7%) and 47 (70.1%) patients in the immunochemotherapy and
chemotherapy groups, respectively. Conclusions: As a conversion
therapy for GCLM, immunotherapy yielded better primary and metastatic
tumor regression and survival benefit, with no increase in adverse
events than did chemotherapy.
Discovery of HyT-based degraders of CDK9-Cyclin T1 complex
Authors: Lin Rongkun , Yang Jie , Liu Ting , Wang Mingyu , Ke Chongrong , Luo Cheng , lin jin , Li Jiacheng , Lin Hua
Published: January 2024

Targeted protein degradation technology can achieve the modulation of
undruggable proteins. Abnormal activation of cyclins can promote
tumorigenesis and tumor progression. However, cyclins regard to be
undruggable with no small-molecule binders had been released. Here, we
utilize hydrophobic tag (HyT)-based small-molecule degraders induced
degradation of cyclin T1 and its corresponding kinase partner CDK9. We
describe the discovery of a series of novel dual degraders of
CDK9-cyclin T1. LL-CDK9-12 demonstrated the most potent and selective
degradation ability, with DC50 values of 0.362 μM against CDK9 and 0.680
μM against cyclin T1. In prostate cancer cells, LL-CDK9-12 showed
enhanced anti-proliferative activity than its parental molecule SNS032.
Moreover, LL-CDK9-12 suppressed the downstream signaling of CDK9 and AR
efficiently. Altogether, LL-CDK9-12 was an effective dual degrader of
CDK9-cyclin T1 and could be useful in studying the unknown function of
CDK9-cyclin T1. Our data also suggest that HyT-based degraders could be
used as a strategy to induce the degradation of protein complexes that
containing undruggable proteins such as cyclins.
HS-SPME-GC-Q-TOF/MS identifacation the chemical constituents of fragrance from fresh flowers of Prunus mume var. alphandii and Chimonanthus praecox (L.) Link in Wuxi China
Authors: Wei Xiaohua
Published: January 2024

Fresh flowers of Prunus mume var. alphandii and Chimonanthus praecox
(L.) Link were used as the experimental material which extracted by
headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME). Used the gas
chromatography flight mass spectrometry (GC- Q-TOF/MS) to separate and
identify the chemical constituents of Prunus mume var. alphandii and
Chimonanthus praecox (L.) Link. Sixty-five volatile components of Prunus
mume var. alphandii were identified by gas chromatography flight mass
spectrometry, the relative content of the components weredeterminated by
area normalization. One hundred and forty four volatile components of
Chimonanthus praecox (L.) Link were identified by gas chromatography
flight mass spectrometry, the relative content of the components
weredeterminated by area normalization. For the identified
components，terpenoids were the main volatile composition of the two
kinds of flowers, including oxygen derivatives, terpenes, terpene
alcohols, terpene esters and a handful of aliphatic compounds. The
experimental results showed that the components of Prunus mume var.
alphandii and Chimonanthus praecox (L.) Link were quite different, so
the use value of two kinds of flowers should be discriminatory. The
study provides a theoretical basis for classification of the two kinds
of flowers and for the development and utilization of them. ….
A Transcendental Number based Random Insertion Method for Privacy Protection
Authors: Nam Ki-Bong , Hwang Suk-Geun , Lee Ki-Suk , Zhou Jiazhen
Published: January 2024

A transcendental number has the nice property of being random with its
digit expansion, but its potential for cryptography and security
protocol applications has not been fully explored to date. In this
paper, we bring out a random insertion method using the transcendental
numbers that can be applied toward new challenges in security and
privacy fields like defending machine learning based privacy attacks. To
make the random insertion method applicable toward continuous
back-and-forth communications, we propose to explore the nice properties
of a transcendental number generator that allows low cost for frequent
key distributions. We further analyze the security of the encryption
method, identify the limits, and bring out a security protocol to
overcome the limits.
Exogenous administration of appropriate dose of IL-17A helps to improve multiple organ dysfunction and improve survival in septic mice
Authors: Liang Yonghui , Meng Haining , Xie Weifeng , Meng Xiangqi , Qu Yan
Published: January 2024

At present, the effect of exogenous interleukin (IL) -17A in septic mice
is still controversial. This study further explored the effect of
exogenous IL-17A on multiple organ function and prognosis in septic
mice. Mice model of sepsis was established by cecal ligation and
puncture (CLP) method, and the mice were randomly divided into 8 groups
according to different intervention measures: Sham+PBS, CLP+PBS,
CLP+0.25μg IL-17A, CLP+0.5μg IL-17A, CLP+1μg IL-17A, CLP+2μg IL-17A,
CLP+4μg IL-17A and CLP+Anti-IL-17A. Survival rates were monitored and
recorded at 12-hour intervals, and the expression changes of blood
routine, related inflammatory cytokines, liver and kidney function
indexes of mice. Pathological injuries of lung, liver and kidney of mice
in each group were detected by H&E staining, and the evaluation of
bacterial translocation in vitro was performed by inoculation medium.
The results showed that except for the sham-operated group, the 7-day
survival rate of the mice in the CLP+1μg IL-17A group was the highest
(75%). And exogenous administration of appropriate dose of IL-17A was
beneficial to reduce alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate
aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cre)
in septic mice. The pathological damage of lung, liver and kidney tissue
also can be alleviated, and the colony count of peripheral blood and
spleen tissue of mice were also significantly decreased. From this, we
concluded that exogenous administration of appropriate dose of IL-17A
can improve the bacterial clearance ability of septic mice, and improve
the multiple organ dysfunction and 7-day survival rate of the septic
mice.
Psammogeton hirsuta (Apiaceae; Pimpinelleae), a new species from India
Authors: Bhellum B. L.
Published: January 2024

Psammogeton hirsuta sp. nov. (Apiaceae), a novel species collected from
specifically the lowlands of Jammu and Kashmir, north-west India’s the
subtropical region is described and illustrated. Psammogeton hirsuta
resembles one of its close relative P. canescens and P. shivalikense
however it differs significantly in terms of plant being hirsute,
sheaths of leaf-bases, ciliate peduncle degree of pubescence, bracts and
bracteoles and fruit shape. Additionally, we provide phenology, a
distribution map, a comparison of species with comparable morphologies,
and a key to its closely related species.
A new species of Indigofera (Fabaceae) from India
Authors: Bhellum B. L. , Magotra Rani
Published: January 2024

Indigofera jodhpurense sp. nov. (Fabaceae), which grows in arid places
and wasteland near to the edge of Jodhpur in the direction of Pali,
Rajasthan, India, is described. Although the species is similar to
Indigofera cordifolia and I. jaisalmerica, it differs from these in
having profusely hairy juvenile twigs, various types of trichomes on
leaf surfaces, and sub-sessile flowers, straightened mucro at the tips
of the leaves, and pods that are often single-seeded but can also be
bi-seeded. The current communication includes a key to species, a
comparative morphological analysis, and some photographs.
Caregiver Stress and Impact on Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Testani Daniela A. , Hatherly Kathryn , Csercsics Alison , Pajak Sean , Brunton Laura
Published: January 2024

To critically review, analyze, and synthesize the literature surrounding
the impact of parental burden, stress, and burnout on children and youth
with cerebral palsy (CP). Background Parents of children with
CP experience more stress and symptoms of burnout compared to parents of
children without a disability. Although the impact of a child’s
disability on the parent has been examined, little is known about the
subsequent impact their stress has on their kin. Methods
Databases including CINAHL, Embase, Medline, Nursing and Allied Health,
PsycInfo, and Scopus were searched. Title, abstract, and full manuscript
review were completed by two reviewers. Studies were evaluated for
quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools. Data
from individual studies were synthesized and charted according to
developmental domain. Results Overall, 18 articles met
inclusion criteria. After quality appraisal, 15 with low to moderate
risk of bias were included in the final analysis. Overall, studies
included determined that parental stress worsens a child’s outcome,
regardless of developmental domain assessed. Conclusion
Parental stress has a negative influence on behavioural, physical, and
occupational outcomes for children with CP. Additional research is
needed to better understand the impact prolonged parental stress has on
these and other developmental domains.
Histological and proteomic characterization of musculoskeletal amyloidomas
Authors: Gaeta Raffaele , Greco Francesco , Anastasi Federica , Andreani Lorenzo , Capanna Rodolfo , McDonnell Liam , Franchi Alessandro
Published: January 2024

The term amyloidoma applies to localized deposits of amyloid in the
absence of systemic amyloidosis. Skeletal and soft tissue amyloidomas
are very rare and the pathogenesis is usually associated with
lymphoproliferative disorders or because of local chronic inflammation.
Due to the rarity of the disease and the limited application of
proteomics for diagnostic purposes, it is difficult to find datasets of
mass spectrometry-based characterization of amyloidomas. Here we report
the histological and immunohistochemical features of four cases of
musculoskeletal amyloidoma in association with laser capture
microdissection (LCM) and bottom-up microproteomics. Proteomics
techniques allowed to elucidate the nature of the amyloid protein
deposit, improving the results obtained by immunohistochemistry (IHC).
IHC results were confirmed in two cases while laser-capture
microdissection coupled with bottom-up microproteomics was necessary to
type the other two cases, for which IHC was inconclusive.
Alleviation of Salt-alkali Stress of Physiological Property of Syneilesis aconitifolia by Inoculating Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi
Authors: Fang Linlin , Xu Jiamei , Yang Chunxue
Published: January 2024

Syneilesis aconitifolia, with medicinal value and salt-alkali tolerance,
is a potential ground cover and decorative material in gardens. To
investigate the influence of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi on the
colonization and salt-alkali tolerance of S. aconitifolia, a pot
experiment was conducted and the AM fungi community existing in Songnen
salt-alkali grassland was selected as the inoculation. After 90 days of
cultivation, NaCl and NaHCO3 solutions (50 mmol/L, 100 mmol/L, and 200
mmol/L) were applied for 10 days, subsequently, the mycorrhizal
colonization, biomass, relative water content, chlorophyll content,
malondialdehyde content, antioxidant enzyme activities and the level of
osmotic regulation were measured. The results showed that the
colonization rate and intensity decreased under saline-alkali stress,
and the adaptability of AM fungi in low-concentration alkali stress was
higher than that of salt stress. AM fungi could increase the biomass,
relative water content, and chlorophyll content, and decrease the
malondialdehyde content of S. aconitifolia to some extent. With the
increase of salt or alkali solution concentration, AM fungi not only
upregulated the activity of the antioxidant system, but also increased
the content of osmotic regulatory substances, which indicated that AM
fungi could improve the saline-alkali tolerance of S. aconitifolia.
Multivariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) and radar map analysis showed
that the mechanisms of resistance to salt stress and alkali stress were
not the same in S. aconitifolia. In addition, the regulation of AM fungi
on salt-alkali resistance of S. aconitifolia was also different. The
results provided a scientific basis for the symbiosis between the local
AM fungal community and S. aconitifolia, as well as data support for the
restoration of saline habitat using S. aconitifolia with high medicinal
value.
Microclimate explains little variation in year-round decomposition across an Arctic tundra landscape
Authors: Oppen Jonathan von , Assmann Jakob , Bjorkmann Anne , Treier Urs , Elberling Bo , Normand Signe
Published: January 2024

Litter decomposition represents a major path for atmospheric carbon
influx into Arctic soils, thereby controlling below-ground carbon
accumulation. Yet, little is known about how tundra litter decomposition
varies with microenvironmental conditions, hindering accurate
projections of tundra soil carbon dynamics with future climate change.
Over 14 months, we measured landscape-scale decomposition of two
contrasting standard litter types (Green Tea and Rooibos Tea) in 90
plots covering gradients of micro-climate and -topography, vegetation
cover and traits, and soil characteristics in Western Greenland. We used
the Tea Bag Index protocol to estimate relative variation in litter mass
loss, decomposition rate (k) and stabilisation factor (S) across space,
and Structural Equation Modelling to identify relationships among
environmental factors and decomposition. Contrasting our expectations,
microenvironmental factors explained little of the observed variation in
both litter mass loss, as well as k and S, suggesting that the variables
included in our study were not the major controls of decomposer activity
in the soil across the studied tundra landscape. We use these
shortcomings of our study combined with findings from the current
literature to discuss future avenues for improving our understanding of
the drivers of tundra decomposition and, ultimately, carbon cycling
across the warming Arctic.
DC-T cell axis is an effective target for treating non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Shuangcui , Zhang Guan , cui qian , Yang Yanjie , Wang Dong , Liu Aqing , Xia Ying , Li Wentao , Liu Yunhe , Yu Jianchun
Published: January 2024

The DC-T cell axis is a bridge connecting innate immunity and adaptive
immunity. The initial immune response against tumors is mainly induced
by mature antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DC). Enhancing the
crosstalk between DC and T cells could improve the immune response to
non-small cell lung cancer. This article reviews the interaction between
DC-T cells in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer and how this
interaction impacts the treatment outcome.
Longevity of the humoral and cellular responses after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in immunocompromised patients
Authors: Oyaert Matthijs , Scheerder Marie-Angélique De , Herrewege Sophie Van , Laureys Guy , Assche Sofie Van , Cambron Melissa , Naesens Leslie , Hoste Levi , Claes Karlien , Haerynck Filomeen , Kerre Tessa , Laecke Steven Van , Jacques Peggy , Padalko Elizaveta
Published: January 2024

Background Immunocompromised patients are at risk for more
severe COVID-19 infection and may have lower vaccination efficiency. In
this report, we evaluate immunogenicity one year after standard regimen
of mRNA vaccine administration in cohorts of primary or secondary
immunocompromised patients. Methods In line with National
recommendations, a third and fourth dose of the BNT162b2 (BioNTech) was
administered to five clinical groups of immunocompromised patients,
including primary immunodeficiency (PID) (n=57), people living with HIV
(PLWH) (n=27), secondary immunocompromised patients with a broad variety
of underlying rheumatologic (n=23) and homogeneous (multiple sclerosis)
neurologic (n=53) conditions and chronic kidney disease (CKD) (n=39)]
patients as well as a healthy control group (n=54). Humoral and cellular
immune responses were evaluated at pre-defined time-points up to one
year after standard vaccination. Results All PLWH and CKD
patients and almost all (98.2%) of the PID patients had measurable
antibodies 3 and 6 months after administration of the third and fourth
vaccine dose. In contrast, 53.3% and 83.3% of the neurologic and
rheumatologic patients, respectively, developed a humoral immune
response after a third and fourth vaccine dose. In contrast to the other
patient groups, all PLWH developed a cellular immune response after
administration of 4 vaccine doses. In addition, cellular immune response
was positive in 89.6%, 97.8%, 73.3% and 96.9% of the PID,
neurologic, rheumatologic and CKD patients, respectively. Unlike the
other groups, only the neurologic patient had a significantly higher
cellular immune response compared to the healthy control group.
Depending on the time point and epitopes used for cell stimulation,
significant correlations between the humoral and cellular immune
responses were observed in all patient groups, except for the neurology
patient group. Conclusion Administration of a third and fourth
vaccine dose results in retained or increased humoral and cellular
immune response in patients with acquired or inherited immune disorders.
The underlying condition, immunosuppressive treatment and/or individual
risk factors may explain delayed humoral, cellular or both immune
responses.
COPD and Herpes Zoster: Risk and Immunization
Authors: Shrestha Sneha , Shrestha Abhigan , Yadav Abhyuday , Shrestha Suyesh , Pokharel Selene , shrestha sajina , Shrestha Lok
Published: January 2024

Varicella Zoster is a neurotropic virus which leads to acute varicella
or it may lay dormant in the spinal root ganglion. Reactivation of
varicella zoster causes Herpes Zoster (HZ) and occurs commonly in
immunosuppressed conditions like COPD. Severity of Herpes Zoster is also
higher among those with comorbidities like COPD. Even among COPD
patients, the severity of HZ is said to be higher among those using oral
corticosteroids than those using inhaled steroids due to greater
immunosuppressive effect. It has also been found that incidence rate of
COPD exacerbations, transient ischemic attack and stroke are higher
among COPD patients with HZ compared to those without HZ. Herpes zoster
vaccinations prevent reactivation of latent HZ and reduce the associated
complications. Live attenuated and recombinant vaccines are available
for vaccination among which recombinant vaccine is found to be more
effective. The cost burden due to HZ among COPD patients was also higher
compared to those without HZ. Childhood varicella vaccination is cost
effective, however cost effectiveness of adolescent vaccination is
unclear.
Extended Autoantibody Panel in Turkish Patients with Early-Stage Systemic Sclerosis: Co-expressions and Their Influences on Clinical Phenotypes
Authors: Karadag Duygu Temiz , Komac Andac , Erez Yesim , Birlik Merih , Sarı Alper , Akdoğan Ali , Farisogullari Bayram , Kimyon Gezmiş , KOÇ EMRAH , TAS DIDEM ARSLAN , Karatas Ahmet , Koca Suleyman Serdar , Kasifoglu Nilgün , YAZICI AYTEN , Hayran Kadir Mutlu , Çefle Ayşe
Published: January 2024

Background/aim: To investigate the frequency and clinical relevance of
an extended autoantibody (ab) profile in patients with SSc. Materials
and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, serum from 100 consecutive
patients was subjected to indirect immunofluorescence (HEp-20-10/primate
liver mosaic) and Systemic Sclerosis Profile by EUROIMMUN (Lübeck,
Germany) to evaluate ANA and autoantibodies against 13 different
autoantibodies in patients with SSc less than three years. Results: 93
of 100 patients were positive for ANA by indirect immunofluorescence
(IIF). The prevalence of Anti-Scl70 ab was 41%, anti-centromere (ACA)
27%, and anti-RNA polymerase (RNAPIII) 15%. Scl70 was more associated
with diffuse subtype (p<0.001), ILD (p<0.001), and
high mRSS (p=0.002); ACA with limited disease (p<0.001), less
ILD (p<0.001), overlap (p=0.017) and low mRSS (p=0.024);
RNAPIII with diffuse disease (p=0.027), ILD (p=0.016) and high mRSS
(p=0.001). Fifty-three patients showed single positivity (26 anti-Scl70,
16 ACA, 6 anti-RNAPIII, 1 anti-Ku ab, 1 anti-PM/Scl100, 2 anti-PM/Scl75,
1 anti-Ro52), whereas 32 patients had multiple auto-antibody
positivities. Among common SSc-specific autoantibodies, Scl70 and
RNAPIII showed the highest co-occurrence (n=4). One patient was
simultaneously positive for anti-RNAPIII ab and ACA, and one was
positive for ACA and Scl70. The clinical features were not statistically
different between single and multiple autoantibody-positivity for common
SSc-specific autoantibodies (ACA, Scl70, and RNAP III), except for
digital ulcer in multi-antibody positive ACA group (p=0.019).
Conclusion: Based on our results, co-expression of auto-antibodies is
not uncommon in SSc patients. Although SSc-specific auto-antibodies
generally show known clinical features, the clinical presentation of the
co-expression in specific and non-specific auto-antibody positivity
continues to be important.
Calamagrostis elatior and C. pseudophragmites var. tartarica (Poaceae, Agrostidinae): taxonomy, lectotypification, and updates on distribution in India
Authors: Prasad Dileshwar , Jaiswal Shubham , Sharma Sangam , Tiwari Smita , Agnihotri Priyanka
Published: January 2024

The names Calamagrostis elatior and C. pseudophragmites var. tartarica
are lectotypified. The taxonomic status of C. elatior is clarified and
discussed, especially in relation to C. scabrescens-C. lahulensis
complex. An amended circumscription of C. elatior is given along with
live photograph and microscopic photo plates, and a new distributional
range is reported. In addition to this, we have provided the
morphological evidence to treat C. pseudophragmites var. tartarica as a
distinct taxon and, compared it with C. pseudophragmites var.
pseudophragmites.
Koulium Genus nov. and Koulium psammogetifolium Sp. nov. (Apiaceae; Pimpinelleae) from Jammu, India
Authors: Bhellum B. L. , Magotra Rani
Published: January 2024

Koulium, a newly discovered monotypic genus of the family
Apiaceae from the south-west of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India, is
described and illustrated. It thrives in open areas, wastelands along
rivers, and sandy beds. The new genus is related to Aphanopleura,
Psammogeton, and Pimpinella but differs from them in that
it has a thick, deep yellow root, fruits with intermixed hairs that are
simple and T-shaped, petals sparsely pubescent on the outside, small
vittae that are one under each furrow, ridges obscure, and fruits that
have a subpentagonal cross section, oblong or elliptic, broader above,
gradually narrow below. A diagnostic key, photos, illustrations, a
distribution map, comparative characteristics (Table 1), and its closely
related genera are provided.
A new variety of Commelina L. (Commelinaceae) from Eastern Ghats of Peninsular, India
Authors: Sivaramakrishna Pasupuleti , Yugandhar Pulicherla , Singh Lal
Published: January 2024

Commelina badamica var.
palakondensis………………………..
(Commelinaceae), a remarkable a new variety from Palkonda hills of
Eastern Ghats of Peninsular India is described and illustrated. It is
apparently similar to C. badamica in habitat ecology and general
morphology, but strictly differs in features like presence of 2-3 nerved
ligule, lower cincinnus with single bisexual flower, ovary glabrous,
anthers-elliptic and seeds ovoid-oblong or trapezoidal. In addition to
description, habitat ecology, details on population distribution and the
conservation status are also provided for the new variety.
Targeting PEAK1 sensitizes anaplastic thyroid carcinoma 8505C cells to BRAFV600E inhibitor Vemurafenib in vitro
Authors: hao fengyun , zhang kejun , ning liang , sun chong
Published: January 2024

Vemurafenib, one of the selective BRAF inhibitor, is less effective in
BRAF-mutant thyroid cancer, including anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC),
the mechanisms of which are still lacking. Pseudopodium-enriched
atypical kinase 1 (PEAK1) has been demonstrated to be upregulated in
human malignancies. Enhanced PEAK1 expression facilitates tumor cell
survival and chemoresistance. Here we investigated the role and
mechanisms of targeting PEAK1 in reversing vemurafenib resistance in ATC
8505C cells. PEAK1 depletion alone promotes cell cycle arrest, but not
affect cell apoptosis.PEAK1 depletion sensitized 8505C cells to
vemurafenib by promoting cell cycle arrest and inducing cell apoptosis.
Vemurafenib could quickly inhibit ERK phosphorylation (pERK1/2), but
quickly reactivate pERK1/2 in 8505C cells. Vemurafenib could only
quickly activate AKT phosphorylation (pAKT) and slightly activate
phosphorylation JNK1/2(pJNK1/2). However, vemurafenib in combination
with PEAK1 deletion inhibited reactivation of pERK1/2 and pAKT
activation, and promoted pJNK1/2. Vemurafenib transiently and slightly
upregulated pro-apoptotic PUMA and Bim expression, which was quickly
disappeared with long time vemurafenib treatment. Combined PEAK1
depletion and Vemurafenib treatment upregulated JNK1/2-dependant Bim and
AKT-dependant PUMA expression. PUMA and Bim upregulation is critical for
vemurafenib induced apoptosis in presence of PEAK1 deletion. Vemurafenib
resistance in 8505C cells is associated with PEAK1 activation, pERK1/2
re-activation, pJNK1/2 inactivation and AKT activation, resulting in the
inhibition of AKT-dependent PUMA and pERK1/2-pJNK1/2-dependent Bim
expression. PEAK1 depletion could inhibited both ERK1/2 and AKT signal
and released PUMA and Bim from vemurafenib-treated cells, resulting in
the enhancing cell apoptosis. Therefore, targeting PEAK1 may be an
effective strategy to sensitize BRAF-mutant ATC to vemurafenib.
Mucosal response of Inactivated and Recombinant COVID-19 vaccines in Congolese individuals
Authors: Mouzinga Freisnel , Heinzel Constanze , Lissom Abel , Kreidenweiss Andrea , Batchi-Bouyou Armel , Ntadi Jacques Dollon , Djontu Jean Claude , Nguimbi Etienne , Kremsner Peter , Fendel Rolf , NTOUMI Francine
Published: January 2024

Background: The efficacy of immunization against an airborne pathogen
depends in part on its ability to induce antibodies at the major entry
site of the virus, the mucosa. Recent studies have revealed that mucosal
immunity is poorly activated after vaccination with mRNA vaccines, thus
failing in blocking virus acquisition upon its site of initial exposure.
Little information is available about the induction of mucosal immunity
by inactivated and recombinant COVID-19 vaccines. This study aims to
investigate this topic. Methods: Saliva and plasma samples from 440
healthy Congolese were collected including (1) fully vaccinated two
month post vaccination with either an inactivated or a recombinant
COVID-19 vaccine and (2) non-vaccinated control group. Total
anti-SARS-COV-2 RBD IgG and IgA antibodies were assessed using in-house
ELISAs for both specimens. Findings: Altogether, the positivity of IgG
was significantly higher in plasma than in saliva samples both in
vaccinated and non-vaccinated control groups. Inversely, IgA positivity
was slightly higher in saliva than in plasma of vaccinated group. The
overall IgG and IgA levels were respectively over 103 and 14 times lower
in saliva than in plasma samples. We found a strong positive correlation
between IgG in saliva and plasma also between IgA in both specimens (r =
0.70 for IgG and r = 052 for IgA). Interestingly, contrary to IgG, the
level of salivary IgA was not different between seropositive control
group and seropositive vaccinated group. No significant difference was
observed between recombinant and Inactivated COVID-19 vaccines in total
IgG and IgA antibody concentration release 2 months post vaccination
both in plasma and saliva. Conclusion: Inactivated and recombinant
COVID-19 vaccines in use in the Republic of Congo poorly activated
mucosal IgA mediated antibody response two months post-vaccination.
The Health Costs associated with “Looking Forward to Success”: Educational Expectations and Children’s Health
Authors: Liu Yiwei , Su Yuting
Published: January 2024

This study examines the impact of the deviation between parents’
educational expectations and children’s parent–child educational
expectations on children’s health based on the data from Chinese family
tracking surveys conducted in 2018 and 2020. We found that when parents’
educational expectations are higher than their children’s educational
expectations, they have a negative impact on children’s health status.
According to the influence mechanism, the higher the parents’
expectations of education are, the greater children’s remedial behavior
will be, the less leisure time will be, which will adversely affect
children’s health. Furthermore, we found that a good parent-child
relationship moderated the negative impact of the deviation in
parent-child educational expectations on children’s health. Therefore,
in order to ensure the healthy development of children, it is necessary
to resolve the adverse effects of the deviation in parent–child
educational expectations by arranging tutoring and leisure time
rationally and establishing a good parent-child relationship.
M2 macrophages-derived exosomes regulate osteoclast differentiation by the CSF2/TNF-α axis
Authors: Zhou Yue , Hu Guangyao
Published: January 2024

Background: Periodontitis leads to tooth loss, which is associated with
bone loss due to osteoclast differentiation. Exosomes play a key role in
periodontitis. M2-polarized macrophages exhibit anti-inflammatory
activity. This study aimed to explore whether M2 macrophages released
exosomes (M2-exos) regulated osteoclastogenesis and the mechanisms.
Methods: After isolating M2-exos and identifying them, they were treated
with the RANKL-induced raw264.7 cells. Osteoclast differentiation was
assessed using tartrate resistant acid phosphatase staining assay and
quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The underlying mechanisms of M2-exos
were evaluated using qPCR and western blotting. Results: The results
indicated that M2-exos suppressed osteoclast differentiation induced by
RANKL. CSF2 was highly expressed in M2 macrophages, and knockdown of
CSF2 further enhanced the inhibitory effects of M2-exos on osteoclast
differentiation. CSF2 positively regulated TNF-α signaling, which
inhibition also enhanced the role of M2-exos. Conclusion: M2-exos
inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation by downregulating the
CSF2/TNF-α axis. The findings provide theoretical support for the
application of macrophage exosomes in the treatment of periodontitis