bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parton distribution benchmarking with LHC data
Authors: Ball Richard D. , Carrazza Stefano , Del Debbio Luigi , Forte Stefano , Gao Jun , Hartland Nathan , Huston Joey , Nadolsky Pavel , Rojo Juan , Stump Daniel , Thorne Robert S. , Yuan C.-P.
Published: April 2013

Abstract

We present a detailed comparison of the most recent sets of NNLO PDFs from the ABM, CT, HERAPDF, MSTW and NNPDF collaborations. We compare parton distributions at low and high scales and parton luminosities relevant for LHC phenomenology. We study the PDF dependence of LHC benchmark inclusive cross sections and differential distributions for electroweak boson and jet production in the cases in which the experimental covariance matrix is available. We quantify the agreement between data and theory by computing the χ
2 for each data set with all the various PDFs. PDF comparisons are performed consistently for common values of the strong coupling. We also present a benchmark comparison of jet production at the LHC, comparing the results from various available codes and scale settings. Finally, we discuss the implications of the updated NNLO PDF sets for the combined PDF+α

s
uncertainty in the gluon fusion Higgs production cross section.
Delinquency, parental involvement, early adult criminality, and sex: Evidence of moderated mediation
Authors: Walters Glenn D.
Published: April 2013

One purpose of this study was to determine whether parental involvement, measured in late adolescence, mediates the relationship between delinquency in mid‐adolescence and crime in early adulthood. This study's second purpose was to ascertain whether this relationship is moderated by sex, such that late adolescent parental involvement mediates the delinquency–crime relationship in females but not in males. A secondary analysis of data provided by 579 (272 males, 307 females) members of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth‐Child (NLSYC) was conducted in an effort to evaluate the possibility of moderated mediation in the relationship between delinquency at age 16, parental involvement at age 18, and criminality at age 24. Moderated mediation analysis, path analysis, and causal mediation analysis revealed the presence of a conditional indirect relationship between delinquency, parental involvement, and adult crime moderated by sex. These results are consistent with views on cumulative disadvantage and gendered pathways to crime.
Körperliche Aktivität und Gesundheit im Alter
Authors: Woll Alexander , Servay Sandra
Published: April 2013

Einleitung

„Erfolgreiches Altern“ ist ein aktuelles Thema, dem im Hinblick auf die demografische Entwicklung eine große Bedeutung zukommt. Es steht in engem Zusammenhang mit den Begriffen Lebenszufriedenheit, Funktionsfähigkeit und Selbstständigkeit (Werle et al., 2006). Demgegenüber kennzeichnet sich Altern aus physiologischer Sicht durch progressive strukturelle und funktionelle Verluste sowie durch eine steigende Prävalenz altersbedingter Erkrankungen infolge der veränderten Altersstruktur (Weisser et al., 2009). Ein wichtiges Ziel im Zusammenhang mit „erfolgreichem Altern“ ist die Verlängerung der gesunden und aktiven Lebensphase. In verschiedenen Modellen zum „erfolgreichen Altern“ spielen sportliche Aktivität und Fitness eine bedeutsame Rolle (Mechling, 2005).
Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression Following Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Tsaousides Theodore , Ashman Teresa A. , Gordon Wayne A.
Published: April 2013

Depression is one of the most common psychiatric diagnoses among individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Prevalence of post-TBI depression (PTBID) ranges from 12 to 60% and is generally higher than rates reported in the general population. The wide range in reported rates is attributed to methodological variability across studies, including measurement and sampling differences. Several systematic reviews have been published in the past 5 years, reporting on outcomes for depression across different classes of interventions, including pharmacological, biomedical and behavioural. The consensus across reviews is that more research is necessary to develop evidence-based practice guidelines. The present narrative review synthesises the findings of previous studies, focusing on the nature of the interventions, the eligibility criteria for inclusion and the assessment of outcome. Pharmacological studies are generally more rigorous methodologically, but provide mixed findings. Other biomedical interventions are only at the initial stages of research development, including case and pilot studies. The results of behavioural studies are positive regarding improvements in mood. However, the number of efficacy studies of behavioural interventions for depression is extremely limited. Recommendations for designing interventions are provided.
Control Theory for Partial Differential Equations
Authors: Lasiecka Irena , Triggiani Roberto
Published: April 2013

Originally published in 2000, this is the second volume of a comprehensive two-volume treatment of quadratic optimal control theory for partial differential equations over a finite or infinite time horizon, and related differential (integral) and algebraic Riccati equations. Both continuous theory and numerical approximation theory are included. The authors use an abstract space, operator theoretic approach, which is based on semigroups methods, and which unifies across a few basic classes of evolution. The various abstract frameworks are motivated by, and ultimately directed to, partial differential equations with boundary/point control. Volume 2 is focused on the optimal control problem over a finite time interval for hyperbolic dynamical systems. A few abstract models are considered, each motivated by a particular canonical hyperbolic dynamics. It presents numerous fascinating results. These volumes will appeal to graduate students and researchers in pure and applied mathematics and theoretical engineering with an interest in optimal control problems.
A Local Spectral Theory for Closed Operators
Authors: Erdelyi Ivan N. , Shengwang Wang
Published: April 2013

This book, which is almost entirely devoted to unbounded operators, gives a unified treatment of the contemporary local spectral theory for unbounded closed operators on a complex Banach space. While the main part of the book is original, necessary background materials provided. There are some completely new topics treated, such as the complete spectral duality theory with the first comprehensive proof of the predual theorem, in two different versions. Also covered are spectral resolvents of various kinds (monotomic, strongly monotonic, almost localized, analytically invariant), and spectral decompositions with respect to the identity. The book concludes with an extensive reference list, including many papers published in the People's Republic of China, here brought to the attention of Western mathematicians for the first time. Pure mathematicians, especially those working in operator theory and functional analysis, will find this book of interest.
Singularity Theory
Authors: Arnold V. I.
Published: April 2013

Professor Arnold is a prolific and versatile mathematician who has done striking work in differential equations and geometrical aspects of analysis. In this volume are collected seven of his survey articles from Russian Mathematical Surveys on singularity theory, the area to which he has made most contribution. These surveys contain Arnold's own analysis and synthesis of a decade's work. All those interested in singularity theory will find this an invaluable compilation. Professor C. T. C. Wall has written an introduction outlining the significance and content of the articles.
Birkhoff Interpolation
Authors: Lorentz G. G. , Jetter K. , Riemenschneider S. D.
Published: April 2013

This reference book provides the main definitions, theorems and techniques in the theory of Birkhoff interpolation by polynomials. The book begins with an article by G. G. Lorentz that discusses some of the important developments in approximation and interpolation in the last twenty years. It presents all the basic material known at the present time in a unified manner. Topics discussed include; applications of Birkhoff interpolation to approximation theory, quadrature formulas and Chebyshev systems; lacunary interpolation at special knots and an introduction to the theory of Birkhoff interpolation by splines.
Diophantine Equations over Function Fields
Authors: Mason R. C.
Published: April 2013

Diophantine equations over number fields have formed one of the most important and fruitful areas of mathematics throughout civilisation. In recent years increasing interest has been aroused in the analogous area of equations over function fields. However, although considerable progress has been made by previous authors, none has attempted the central problem of providing methods for the actual solution of such equations. The latter is the purpose and achievement of this volume: algorithms are provided for the complete resolution of various families of equations, such as those of Thue, hyperelliptic and genus one type. The results are achieved by means of an original fundamental inequality, first announced by the author in 1982. Several specific examples are included as illustrations of the general method and as a testimony to its efficiency. Furthermore, bounds are obtained on the solutions which improve on those obtained previously by other means. Extending the equality to a different setting, namely that of positive characteristic, enables the various families of equations to be resolved in that circumstance. Finally, by applying the inequality in a different manner, simple bounds are determined on their solutions in rational functions of the general superelliptic equation. This book represents a self-contained account of a new approach to the subject, and one which plainly has not reached the full extent of its application. It also provides a more direct on the problems than any previous book. Little expert knowledge is required to follow the theory presented, and it will appeal to professional mathematicians, research students and the enthusiastic undergraduate.
Utilitarianism
Authors: Smart J. J. C. , Williams Bernard
Published: April 2013

Two essays on utilitarianism, written from opposite points of view, by J. J. C. Smart and Bernard Williams. In the first part of the book Professor Smart advocates a modern and sophisticated version of classical utilitarianism; he tries to formulate a consistent and persuasive elaboration of the doctrine that the rightness and wrongness of actions is determined solely by their consequences, and in particular their consequences for the sum total of human happiness. In Part II Bernard Williams offers a sustained and vigorous critique of utilitarian assumptions, arguments and ideals. He finds inadequate the theory of action implied by utilitarianism, and he argues that utilitarianism fails to engage at a serious level with the real problems of moral and political philosophy, and fails to make sense of notions such as integrity, or even human happiness itself. This book should be of interest to welfare economists, political scientists and decision-theorists.
Why We Disagree about Climate Change
Authors: Hulme Mike
Published: April 2013

Climate change is not 'a problem' waiting for 'a solution'. It is an environmental, cultural and political phenomenon which is re-shaping the way we think about ourselves, our societies and humanity's place on Earth. Drawing upon twenty-five years of professional work as an international climate change scientist and public commentator, Mike Hulme provides a unique insider's account of the emergence of this phenomenon and the diverse ways in which it is understood. He uses different standpoints from science, economics, faith, psychology, communication, sociology, politics and development to explain why we disagree about climate change. In this way he shows that climate change, far from being simply an 'issue' or a 'threat', can act as a catalyst to revise our perception of our place in the world. Why We Disagree About Climate Change is an important contribution to the ongoing debate over climate change and its likely impact on our lives.
International Trade Disputes and EU Liability
Authors: Thies Anne
Published: April 2013

The European Union has become the respondent of several international trade disputes. This book examines the right to compensation for damage resulting from retaliatory measures imposed under the system of the World Trade Organization in disputes triggered by the EU. Anne Thies evaluates the implications of the EU's membership in the WTO for its domestic system of rights and judicial protection. Emphasising the necessity of maintaining EU standards of protection independently of the external dimension of EU action, the book offers suggestions on how the current gap of protection could be filled while upholding the scope for manoeuvre of the EU institutions on the international plane. In addition, it places the issue in its broader context of the relationship between international law and EU law on the one hand, and the discretion of the EU as a global actor and standards of individual rights protection under EU law on the other.
The Religious and the Political
Authors: Turner Bryan S.
Published: April 2013

While the relationships between ethics and religion, and violence and politics, are of enduring interest, the interface between religion and violence is one of the most problematic features of the contemporary world. Following in the tradition of Max Weber's historical and comparative study of religions, this book explores the many ways in which religion and politics are both combined and separated across different world religions and societies. Through a variety of case studies including the monarchy, marriage, law and conversion, Bryan S. Turner explores different manifestations of secularization, and how the separation of church and state is either compromised or abandoned. He considers how different states manage religion in culturally and religiously diverse societies and concludes with a discussion of the contemporary problems facing the liberal theory of freedom of religion. The underlying theoretical issue is the conditions for legitimacy of rule in modern societies experiencing global changes.
The Sonata
Authors: Schmidt-Beste Thomas
Published: April 2013

What is a sonata? Literally translated, it simply means 'instrumental piece'. It is the epitome of instrumental music, and is certainly the oldest and most enduring form of 'pure' and independent instrumental composition, beginning around 1600 and lasting to the present day. Schmidt-Beste analyses key aspects of the genre including form, scoring and its social context - who composed, played and listened to sonatas? In giving a comprehensive overview of all forms of music which were called 'sonatas' at some point in musical history, this book is more about change than about consistency - an ensemble sonata by Gabrieli appears to share little with a Beethoven sonata, or a trio sonata by Corelli with one of Boulez's piano sonatas, apart from the generic designation. However, common features do emerge, and the look across the centuries - never before addressed in a single-volume survey - opens up new and significant perspectives.
Quantum Computing since Democritus
Authors: Aaronson Scott
Published: April 2013

Written by noted quantum computing theorist Scott Aaronson, this book takes readers on a tour through some of the deepest ideas of maths, computer science and physics. Full of insights, arguments and philosophical perspectives, the book covers an amazing array of topics. Beginning in antiquity with Democritus, it progresses through logic and set theory, computability and complexity theory, quantum computing, cryptography, the information content of quantum states and the interpretation of quantum mechanics. There are also extended discussions about time travel, Newcomb's Paradox, the anthropic principle and the views of Roger Penrose. Aaronson's informal style makes this fascinating book accessible to readers with scientific backgrounds, as well as students and researchers working in physics, computer science, mathematics and philosophy.
The Cristero Rebellion
Authors: Meyer Jean A.
Published: April 2013

The Cristero movement is an essential part of the Mexican Revolution. When in 1926 relations between Church and state, old enemies and old partners, eventually broke down, when the churches closed and the liturgy was suspended, Rome, Washington and Mexico, without ever losing their heads, embarked upon a long game of chess. These years were crucial, because they saw the setting up of the contemporary political system. The state established its omnipotence, supported by a bureaucratic apparatus and a strong privileged class. Just at the moment when the state thought that it was finally supreme, at the moment at which it decided to take control of the Church, the Cristero movement arose, a spontaneous mass movement, particularly of peasants, unique in its spread, its duration, and its popular character. For obvious reasons, the existing literature has both denied its reality and slandered it.
Affine Sets and Affine Groups
Authors: Northcott D. G.
Published: April 2013

In these notes, first published in 1980, Professor Northcott provides a self-contained introduction to the theory of affine algebraic groups for mathematicians with a basic knowledge of communicative algebra and field theory. The book divides into two parts. The first four chapters contain all the geometry needed for the second half of the book which deals with affine groups. Alternatively the first part provides a sure introduction to the foundations of algebraic geometry. Any affine group has an associated Lie algebra. In the last two chapters, the author studies these algebras and shows how, in certain important cases, their properties can be transferred back to the groups from which they arose. These notes provide a clear and carefully written introduction to algebraic geometry and algebraic groups.
Finite Group Algebras and their Modules
Authors: Landrock P.
Published: April 2013

Originally published in 1983, the principal object of this book is to discuss in detail the structure of finite group rings over fields of characteristic, p, P-adic rings and, in some cases, just principal ideal domains, as well as modules of such group rings. The approach does not emphasize any particular point of view, but aims to present a smooth proof in each case to provide the reader with maximum insight. However, the trace map and all its properties have been used extensively. This generalizes a number of classical results at no extra cost and also has the advantage that no assumption on the field is required. Finally, it should be mentioned that much attention is paid to the methods of homological algebra and cohomology of groups as well as connections between characteristic 0 and characteristic p.
Computation and Automata
Authors: Salomaa Arto
Published: April 2013

In this book, which was originally published in 1985, Arto Salomaa gives an introduction to certain mathematical topics central to theoretical computer science: computability and recursive functions, formal languages and automata, computational complexity and cryptography. Without sacrificing readability, the presentation is essentially self-contained, with detailed proofs of all statements provided. Professor Salomaa is well known for his books in this area. The present work provides an insight into the basics, together with explanations of some of the more important developments in the field.
Gravitation and Spacetime
Authors: Ohanian Hans C. , Ruffini Remo
Published: April 2013

The third edition of this classic textbook is a quantitative introduction for advanced undergraduates and graduate students. It gently guides students from Newton's gravitational theory to special relativity, and then to the relativistic theory of gravitation. General relativity is approached from several perspectives: as a theory constructed by analogy with Maxwell's electrodynamics, as a relativistic generalization of Newton's theory, and as a theory of curved spacetime. The authors provide a concise overview of the important concepts and formulas, coupled with the experimental results underpinning the latest research in the field. Numerous exercises in Newtonian gravitational theory and Maxwell's equations help students master essential concepts for advanced work in general relativity, while detailed spacetime diagrams encourage them to think in terms of four-dimensional geometry. Featuring comprehensive reviews of recent experimental and observational data, the text concludes with chapters on cosmology and the physics of the Big Bang and inflation.
Matrix Analysis
Authors: Horn Roger A. , Johnson Charles R.
Published: April 2013

Linear algebra and matrix theory are fundamental tools in mathematical and physical science, as well as fertile fields for research. This second edition of this acclaimed text presents results of both classic and recent matrix analysis using canonical forms as a unifying theme and demonstrates their importance in a variety of applications. This thoroughly revised and updated second edition is a text for a second course on linear algebra and has more than 1,100 problems and exercises, new sections on the singular value and CS decompositions and the Weyr canonical form, expanded treatments of inverse problems and of block matrices, and much more.
Intractable Conflicts
Authors: Bar-Tal Daniel
Published: April 2013

This book provides a comprehensive, interdisciplinary and holistic analysis of the socio-psychological dynamics of intractable conflicts. Daniel Bar-Tal's original conceptual framework is supported by evidence drawn from different disciplines, including empirical data and illustrative case studies. His analysis rests on the premise that intractable conflicts share certain socio-psychological foundations, despite differences in context and other characteristics. He describes a full cycle of intractable conflicts - their outbreak, escalation and reconciliation through peace building. Bar-Tal's framework provides a broad theoretical view of the of the socio-psychological repertoire that develops in the course of long-term and violent conflicts, outlines the factors affecting its formation, demonstrates how it is maintained, points out its functions and describes its consequences. The book also elaborates on the contents, processes and other factors involved in the peace building process.
Thermal Remote Sensing of Active Volcanoes
Authors: Harris Andrew
Published: April 2013

Encapsulating over one hundred years of research developments, this book is a comprehensive manual for measurements of Earth surface temperatures and heat fluxes, enabling better detection and measurement of volcanic activity. With a particular focus on volcanic hot spots, the book explores methodologies and principles used with satellite-, radiometer- and thermal-camera data. It presents traditional applications using satellite and ground based sensors as well as modern applications that have evolved for use with hand-held thermal cameras and is fully illustrated with case studies, databases and worked examples. Chapter topics include techniques for thermal mixture modelling and heat flux derivation, and methods for data collection, mapping and time-series generation. Appendices and online supplements present additional specific notes on areas of sensor application and data processing, supported by an extensive reference list. This book is an invaluable resource for academic researchers and graduate students in thermal remote sensing, volcanology, geophysics and planetary studies.
International Human Rights Law and Practice
Authors: Bantekas Ilias , Oette Lutz
Published: April 2013

Human rights law is a complex but compelling subject that fascinates students but also confuses them. This innovative textbook explores human rights law from a theoretical and practical perspective. Case studies and interviews with specialist practitioners, NGO activists and policy-makers show how theory is applied in real life. The up-to-date coverage includes introductions to important emerging fields such as globalisation, poverty and advocacy. Student learning is supported by questions to stimulate seminar discussion and further reading sections that encourage independent study. The authors' combined expertise, engaging writing style and ability to clarify not simplify ensures that this important new book will become required reading for all students of human rights law.
Strategic Customer Management
Authors: Payne Adrian , Frow Pennie
Published: April 2013

Relationship marketing and customer relationship management (CRM) can be jointly utilised to provide a clear roadmap to excellence in customer management: this is the first textbook to demonstrate how it can be done. Written by two acclaimed experts in the field, it shows how an holistic approach to managing relationships with customers and other key stakeholders leads to increased shareholder value. Taking a practical, step-by-step approach, the authors explain the principles of relationship marketing, apply them to the development of a CRM strategy and discuss key implementation issues. Its up-to-date coverage includes the latest developments in digital marketing and the use of social media. Topical examples and case studies from around the world connect theory with global practice, making this an ideal text for both students and practitioners keen to keep abreast of changes in this fast-moving field.
The Economy of Modern India
Authors: Tomlinson B. R.
Published: April 2013

Rapid economic growth has put India at the centre of current debates about the future of the global economy. In this fully revised and updated text, B. R. Tomlinson provides a comprehensive and wide-ranging account of the Indian economy over the last 150 years. He sets arguments about growth, development and underdevelopment, and the impact of imperialism, against a detailed history of agriculture, trade and manufacture, and the relations between business, the economy and the state. The new edition extends the coverage right up to the present day, and explains how one of the largest countries in the world has sought to achieve economic progress and lasting development, despite institutional weaknesses, rigid structures of political and social hierarchy, and the legacy of colonialism.
Travels of Lady Hester Stanhope
Authors: Meryon Charles Lewis
Published: April 2013

The adventurous and unconventional Lady Hester Stanhope (1776–1839) set off to travel to the East in the early nineteenth century. She had been hostess to her uncle, British Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger, and after his death she received a government pension and decided to leave England. Her personal physician Charles Meryon (1783–1877) wrote this three-volume memoir of their travels, first published in 1846. She had a reputation as an eccentric, but thought of herself as the 'Queen of the desert' and indeed achieved considerable influence in the places she travelled to. Eventually she settled in the Lebanon, where she lived out the remainder of her life. Volume 1 describes travels in Greece, Egypt, Palestine and Syria, and an account of being shipwrecked near Rhodes. It concludes with the party's arrival in Damascus, where Lady Hester dressed in men's clothing and refused to wear a veil.
Turkey and the Crimean War
Authors: Slade Adolphus
Published: April 2013

Published in 1867, this book discusses the Crimean War from a pro-Turkish perspective. Sir Adolphus Slade (1804–77) covers the history of Ottoman military development as well as the origins of the Eastern Question, and the events leading to the outbreak of war. As a naval officer, whose Records of Travels in Turkey, Greece, &c., and of a Cruize in the Black Sea, with the Capitan Pasha is also reissued in this series, he was lent to the Turkish fleet in 1849 and took the name Mushaver Pasha. For seventeen years he worked to overhaul the navy, especially the defences of the Bosphorus, and his successes made him impatient with the allied French and British fleets. In 1854, an argument with their Admirals led to his removal from active service, and to a bitterness reflected in this book, which nevertheless provides a fascinating perspective on the war's diplomatic and military complexities.
An Aide-de-Camp's Recollections of Service in China
Authors: Cunynghame Arthur
Published: April 2013

This two-volume work, published in 1844, is a memoir of time spent in China by Captain Arthur Cunynghame (1812–84), aide-de-camp to Major-General Lord Saltoun, Commander of the East India Company's troops in China. In Volume 2, the author is invited to visit Ning-po, recently given the status of a 'treaty port', and he subsequently travels to both Hong Kong and Canton (Guangzhou), both now open to international trade. Cunynghame next accompanied Saltoun to the Philippines, and gives a fascinating account of life in Manila. Ordered home in 1844, he travelled via Hong Kong and Malaya to Calcutta, then south to Madras (Chennai) and Ceylon (Sri Lanka), and eventually home to England, via the Red Sea, the Sinai Desert, Egypt and the Mediterranean, noting the curiosities among both people and places with undiminished zest.
Principled Negotiation and Mediation in the International Arena
Authors: Zwier Paul J.
Published: April 2013

This book argues that it can be beneficial for the United States to talk with 'evil' - terrorists and other bad actors - if it engages a mediator who shares the United States' principles yet is pragmatic. It shows how the US can make better foreign policy decisions and demonstrate its integrity for promoting democracy and human rights, by employing a mediator who facilitates disputes between international actors by moving them along a continuum of principles, as political parties act for a country's citizens. This is the first book to integrate theories of rule of law development with conflict resolution methods, and it examines ongoing disputes in the Middle East, North Korea, South America and Africa. It draws on the author's experiences with The Carter Center and judicial and legal advocacy training to provide a sophisticated understanding of the current situation in these countries and of how a strategy of principled pragmatism will give better direction to US foreign policy abroad.
The Politics of Social Welfare in America
Authors: Mackin Glenn David
Published: April 2013

The Politics of Social Welfare in America examines how politicians, theorists and citizens discuss need, welfare and disability with respect to theoretical and political projects. Glenn David Mackin argues that participants in these discussions often miss the way their perceptions of those in need shape their discourse. Professor Mackin also explores disability rights groups and welfare rights activism in the 1960s and 1970s to examine the ways that those designated as needy or incompetent often challenge these designations, thus making the issue of welfare an ongoing conflict over who counts as competent and generating new ways of understanding democracy and equality.
The Physics of Rock Failure and Earthquakes
Authors: Ohnaka Mitiyasu
Published: April 2013

Despite significant advances in the understanding of earthquake generation processes and derivation of underlying physical laws, controversy remains regarding the constitutive law for earthquake ruptures and how it should be formulated. Laboratory experiments are necessary to obtain high-resolution measurements that allow the physical nature of shear rupture processes to be deduced, and to resolve the controversy. This important book provides a deeper understanding of earthquake processes from nucleation to their dynamic propagation. Its key focus is a deductive approach based on laboratory-derived physical laws and formulae, such as a unifying constitutive law, a constitutive scaling law, and a physical model of shear rupture nucleation. Topics covered include: the fundamentals of rock failure physics, earthquake generation processes, physical scale dependence, and large-earthquake generation cycles. Designed for researchers and professionals in earthquake seismology, rock failure physics, geology and earthquake engineering, it is also a valuable reference for graduate students.
Welfare and Party Politics in Latin America
Authors: Pribble Jennifer
Published: April 2013

Systems of social protection can provide crucial assistance to the poorest and most vulnerable groups in society, but not all systems are created equally. In Latin America, social policies have historically exhibited large gaps in coverage and high levels of inequality in benefit size. Since the late 1990s, countries in this region have begun to grapple with these challenges, enacting a series of reforms to healthcare, social assistance and education policy. While some of these initiatives have moved in a universal direction, others have maintained existing segmentation or moved in a regressive direction. Welfare and Party Politics in Latin America explores this variation in Argentina, Chile, Uruguay and Venezuela, finding that the design of previous policies, the intensity of electoral competition, and the character of political parties all influence the nature of contemporary social policy reform in Latin America.
New Music at Darmstadt
Authors: Iddon Martin
Published: April 2013

New Music at Darmstadt explores the rise and fall of the so-called 'Darmstadt School', through a wealth of primary sources and analytical commentary. Martin Iddon's book examines the creation of the Darmstadt New Music Courses and the slow development and subsequent collapse of the idea of the Darmstadt School, showing how participants in the West German new music scene, including Herbert Eimert and a range of journalistic commentators, created an image of a coherent entity, despite the very diverse range of compositional practices on display at the courses. The book also explores the collapse of the seeming collegiality of the Darmstadt composers, which crystallised around the arrival there in 1958 of the most famous, and notorious, of all post-war composers, John Cage, an event Carl Dahlhaus opined 'swept across the European avant-garde like a natural disaster'.
Joseph Conrad's Critical Reception
Authors: Peters John G.
Published: April 2013

Throughout the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, Joseph Conrad's novels and short stories have consistently figured into - and helped to define - the dominant trends in literary criticism. This book is the first to provide a thorough yet accessible overview of Conrad scholarship and criticism spanning the entire history of Conrad studies, from the 1895 publication of his first book, Almayer's Folly, to the present. While tracing the general evolution of the commentary surrounding Conrad's work, John G. Peters's careful analysis also evaluates Conrad's impact on critical trends such as the belles lettres tradition, the New Criticism, psychoanalysis, structuralist and post-structuralist criticism, narratology, postcolonial studies, gender and women's studies, and ecocriticism. The breadth and scope of Peters's study make this text an essential resource for Conrad scholars and students of English literature and literary criticism.
Normativity and Phenomenology in Husserl and Heidegger
Authors: Crowell Steven
Published: April 2013

Steven Crowell has been for many years a leading voice in debates on twentieth-century European philosophy. This volume presents thirteen recent essays that together provide a systematic account of the relation between meaningful experience (intentionality) and responsiveness to norms. They argue for a new understanding of the philosophical importance of phenomenology, taking the work of Husserl and Heidegger as exemplary, and introducing a conception of phenomenology broad enough to encompass the practices of both philosophers. Crowell discusses Husserl's analyses of first-person authority, the semantics of conscious experience, the structure of perceptual content, and the embodied subject, and shows how Heidegger's interpretation of the self addresses problems in Husserl's approach to the normative structure of meaning. His volume will be valuable for upper-level students and scholars interested in phenomenological approaches to philosophical questions in both the European and the analytic traditions.
The Power of Habeas Corpus in America
Authors: Gregory Anthony
Published: April 2013

Despite its mystique as the greatest Anglo-American legal protection, habeas corpus' history features power plays, political hypocrisy, ad hoc jurisprudence, and failures in securing individual liberty. This book tells the story of the writ from medieval England to modern America, crediting the rocky history to the writ's very nature as a government power. The book weighs in on habeas' historical controversies - addressing its origins, the relationship between king and parliament, the US Constitution's Suspension Clause, the writ's role in the power struggle between the federal government and the states, and the proper scope of federal habeas for state prisoners and wartime detainees from the Civil War and World War II to the War on Terror. It stresses the importance of liberty and detention policy in making the writ more than a tool of power. The book presents a more nuanced and critical view of the writ's history, showing the dark side of this most revered judicial power.
Ant-coccid mutualism in citrus canopies and its effect on natural enemies of red scale,Aonidiella aurantii(Maskell) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae)
Authors: Dao H.T. , Meats A. , Beattie G.A.C. , Spooner-Hart R.
Published: April 2013

Mutualistic relationships between honeydew-producing insects and ants have been widely recognized for several decades.Iridomyrmex rufoniger(Lowne) is the commonest ant species associated with black scale,Saissetia oleae(Olivier), in the citrus orchards of the mid latitudes of coastal New South Wales. Citrus trees with high densities of both red and black scale and high ant activity were identified and the results of excluding ants from half of those trees (using a polybutene band on each trunk) were compared with the results of not excluding ants from the other half. Trees with a low incidence of black scale and ants were also studied. Exclusion of ants from trees was soon followed by collapse of black scale populations because most individuals were asphyxiated by their own honeydew. Also, parasitism of the red scaleby Encarsia perniciosi(Tower) andEncarsia citrinaCraw was significantly higher than in the control trees over the following year, as was the predation rate on red scale due to three coccinellid predators,Halmus chalybeus(Boisduval),Rhyzobius hirtellusCrotch andRhyzobius lophanthae(Blaisdell). In contrast, another coccinellid,Orcus australasiae(Boisduval), and a noctuid moth larva,Mataeomera dubiaButler, were seen in low numbers on banded (ant exclusion) trees, probably because of the low availability of their black scale prey, but were significantly higher on control trees apparently because of their invulnerability to ants.
Growth hormone gene variability and its effects on milk traits in primiparous Sarda goats
Authors: Dettori Maria Luisa , Rocchigiani Angela Maria , Luridiana Sebastiano , Mura Maria Consuelo , Carcangiu Vincenzo , Pazzola Michele , Vacca Giuseppe Massimo
Published: April 2013

The aim of this research was to investigate variability in each of the five exons of the caprine growth hormone (gGH) gene, in order to establish the possible relationships with milk traits in Sarda breed goat. The general linear model procedure was used to analyse the effects of the single strand conformation (SSCP) profiles on milk traits of 100 lactating goats. Analysis of conformational polymorphism at exons 1–5 revealed a total of 25 differing banding patterns. Sequencing revealed 21 nucleotide changes (compared with GenBank D00476): 14 were polymorphic and 7 monomorphic; 19 in exonic regions, 5 of which were nonsynonymous. A SNP upstream of the transcription initiation codon (c.-3A>G) and an indel (c.*29_30insC) in the 3′UTR, were detected. Alignment of 4 cloned sequences including the entiregGHgene led to the identification of 22 nucleotide variations within the intron regions, including two indels. Association analysis revealed that each exon, except exon-1, affected milk yield, exons 1 and 3 influenced milk fat percentage, and all exons, except exon-2, had an effect on protein percentage, supporting previous results in livestock. The variability detected at the caprineGHgene might provide useful information for the phylogeny of ruminants and, more importantly, have implications on the biological function of the growth hormone and on those traits resulting from its physiological action, including milk production and composition. The caprineGHgene may become a useful molecular marker for a more effective genetic selection for milk production traits in goats.
Regulation of milk protein solubility by a whey-derived proline-rich peptide product
Authors: Selby-Pham Sophie N. , Howell Kate , Jegasothy Hema , Sheean Paul , Singh Tanoj , Taylor Cheryl , Bennett Louise E.
Published: April 2013

The effects of a bovine whey peptide product enriched in proline (wPRP) on the solubility of milk proteins were tested under ambient conditions or following heat treatment at 75 and 100 °C, for 1 and 15 min, followed by post-incubation storage at either ambient temperature or 4 °C for up to 7 d. wPRP promoted solubilisation of milk proteins in a concentration-dependent manner without heat treatment and also after heat treatment at 75 and 100 °C, and the effect was enhanced after storage under either ambient or refrigerated storage conditions. Interactions of wPRP and milk proteins were monitored by particle size analysis and tryptic digestion and specifically linked with solubilisation of αS1 casein (αS1-Cn), which supported observed changes in milk protein solubility. The results suggested that wPRP preferably prevented or reversed physical versus covalent protein aggregation, with the relaxation of hydrophobic interactions at 4 °C providing an additive effect. This application of wPRP represents a novel approach to stabilisation of dairy proteins following thermal processing with industrial usefulness yet to be explored.
Selective enumeration of propionibacteria in Emmental-type cheese using Petrifilm™ Aerobic Count plates added to Lithium Glycerol broth
Authors: Freitas Rosângela de , Luiz Lívia M. Pinheiro , Alves Maura Pinheiro , Valence-Bertel Florence , Nero Luís Augusto , Carvalho Antônio Fernandes de
Published: April 2013

Propionibacteria derived from dairy products are relevant starter cultures for the production of Swiss and Emmental-type cheeses, and the monitoring of which is mandatory for proper quality control. This study aimed to evaluate an alternative procedure to enumerate propionibacteria, in order to develop a reliable and practical methodology to be employed by dairy industries. 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) inhibitory activity was tested against five reference strains (CIRM 09, 38, 39, 40 and 116); TTC at 0·0025% (w/v) was not inhibitory, with the exception of one strain (CIRM 116). Subsequently, the four TTC-resistant strains, three commercial starter cultures (PS-1, PB-I, and CHOO) and twelve Emmental-type cheese samples were subjected to propionibacteria enumeration using Lithium Glycerol (LG) agar, and Petrifilm™ Aerobic Count (AC) plates added to LG broth (anaerobic incubation at 30 °C for 7 d). Petrifilm™ AC added to LG broth presented high counts than LG agar (P<0·05) for only two reference strains (CIRM 39, and 40) and for all commercial starter cultures. Cheese sample counts obtained by both procedures did not show significant differences (P<0·05). Significant correlation indexes were observed between the counts recorded by both methods (P<0·05). These results demonstrate the reliability of Petrifilm™ AC plates added to LG broth in enumerating selectPropionibacteriumspp., despite some limitations observed for specific commercial starter cultures.
Protective effect of bifidobacteria in an experimental model ofClostridium difficileassociated colitis
Authors: Trejo Fernando M. , De Antoni Graciela L. , Pérez Pablo F.
Published: April 2013

The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability ofBifidobacteriumstrains to prevent the effects associated withClostridium difficileinfection in a hamster model of enterocolitis. After clindamycin treatment (30 mg/kg), animals were infected intragastrically withC. difficile(5×108CFU per animal). Seven days prior to antibiotic administration, probiotic treatment was started by administering bacterial suspensions of bifidobacteria in drinking water. Strains CIDCA 531, CIDCA 5310, CIDCA 5316, CIDCA 5320, CIDCA 5323 and CIDCA 5325 were used. Treatment was continued during all the experimental period. Development of diarrhoea, enterocolitis and mortality were evaluated. All the infected animals belonging to the placebo group developed enterocolitis (5/5) and only two dead (2/5) whereas in the group administered withBifidobacterium bifidumstrain CIDCA 5310 the ratio of animals with enterocolitis or dead decreased significantly (1/5 and 0/5 respectively). Biological activity of caecum contents was evaluated in vitro on Vero cells. Animals treated with strain CIDCA 5310 presented lower biological activity than those belonging to the placebo group. The present study shows the potential of selected strains of bifidobacteria to antagonise, in vivo, the virulence ofC. difficile.
AN AMERICAN MODERNIST: TEATIME WITH ELLIOTT CARTER
Authors: Emmery Laura
Published: April 2013

This interview with Elliott Carter, conducted on 30 May 2012, is among the last that he gave. Carter talks candidly about his past, the present, and what his legacy will be. While discussing his latest works – a series of short epigrams and a new setting of Wallace Stevens poems – Carter explains how each composition is a unique musical adventure; consequently, he does not repeat himself. Innovation is the essence of Carter's oeuvre, clearly manifested in his string quartets, which Carter still views as his grandest musical statements. He speaks openly about the difficulties of getting these and other works performed well, the lack of performances of his compositions on the West Coast, and the current trends and direction of composition today. Carter recalls important experiences and events in his life involving Nadia Boulanger, Ives, Cage, Boulez, and Stravinsky.
Miami, New World Center: John Adams's ‘Absolute Jest’
Authors: Palmese Michael
Published: April 2013

In conceiving his latest large-scale work for string quartet and orchestra, John Adams states that its inception arose from a lifelong obsession with the music of Beethoven. Out of this fixation, the first impulse for creating a referential work of musical homage came to Adams from hearing a performance of Stravinsky's Pulcinella, a ballet known for its conscious borrowing of material from the 18th-century composer Pergolesi. It is that absorption of another composer's vernacular and fashioning it into a new and unique musical work that provides the primary creative foundation for Absolute Jest.
Boston: Saariaho's ‘Circle Map’
Authors: Lister Rodney
Published: April 2013

When the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra wanted to commission Kaija Saariaho for a work to perform at the Westergasfabriek Gashoulder, a gasholder building restored as a performance space, it did so through a consortium including the Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra, the Orchestre National de France, the Royal Scottish National Orchestra, the Stavanger Symphony Orchestra, and the Boston Symphony. The Boston Symphony, conducted by Juanjo Mena, gave the first American performance of the work, entitled Circle Map, in Symphony Hall in November.