bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Magyar Királyi Csendőrség és a csendőrök jogállása 1945-ben és azután. (Egy elfelejtett szervezet és jelmondat: „Híven, becsülettel, vitézül!”)
Authors: Zétényi Zsolt
Published: December 2023

A szerző a Magyar Királyi Csendőrség eredetének és működésének rövid ismertetése nyomán mutatja be a testület tagjait sújtó 1945 után keletkezett jogszabályokat. A szerző nem titkolja azon véleményét, hogy ezek a jogszabályok antihumánusak és diszkriminatívak. Az alkotó azon álláspontjának ad hangot, hogy politikai célok érdekében, a szovjet megszállók akaratából számolták fel a testületet ürügyül használva a magyar zsidóság deportálásában való részvételét. Az alkotó annak a meggyőződésének is hangot ad, mely szerint a meghurcolt csendőrök rehabilitációjának feltételeit nélkülözi a jelenleg hatályos magyar jog. Ezen feltételek létrehozását szükségesnek tartja és egyben jelzi azt is, hogy milyen szabályozással lehetne a rehabilitációt elősegíteni.
A Magyar Királyi Csendőrség szervezete
Authors: Parádi József
Published: December 2023

A szerző a testület létrehozásától (1881/III. tc.) a feloszlatásáig (1690/1945. ME. r.) nyomon követi a szervezet főbb változásait, bemutatva a tendenciákat. A Magyar Királyi Csendőrség – adaptálva a külföldi csendőrségek tapasztalatait, a magyarországi hagyományokat, tekintettel a korábbi hazai közbiztonsági helyzetre és igényekre – hatékony struktúrát alakított ki, amely elősegítette a személyi állomány célszerű diszlokációját és a szervezet vezetésének eredményes megvalósítását. A szervezeti elemek bemutatása mellett a szerző ismerteti a struktúra hatékonyságát, amely messze felülmúlja a harmadik évezred elején működő rendőri szervezet eredményességét.
Pralapońskie *ruottē ‘sadza’: wyraz rodzimy czy zapożyczenie?
Authors: Rychło Mikołaj , Witczak Krzysztof Tomasz
Published: December 2023

Celem artykułu jest objaśnienie genezy wyrazów saamskich: (dialekt płn.) ruohtti ‘grubawarstwa sadzy’, (dialekt Inari) ryetti ‘sadza’, wywodzących się z pralapońskiego archetypu*ruottē ‘sadza’. Nie ma pewności, czy pralapoński wyraz został odziedziczony, czyzapożyczony z obcego źródła. W artykule bierze się pod uwagę obie możliwości. Po pierwsze,plap. *ruottē ‘sadza’ może wywodzić się z ugrofińskiego prototypu *rata (*rota) ‘gorąca para,opar, mgła’, poświadczonego w językach permskich i ugryjskich. Zestawienie jest doskonałepod względem fonologicznym i dopuszczalne pod względem semantycznym, o ile założymynastępujący cykl przemian znaczeniowych: ‘gorąca para’ > ‘mgła, opar’ > ‘dym’ > ‘smog’ >‘pozostałości niecałkowitego spalania’ > ‘sadza’. Po drugie, termin pralapoński może byćuznany za zapożyczenie ze źródła germańskiego, por. stsas. hrot m. ‘sadza’, śrhol. roet n.‘smar, sadza’, hol. roet n. ‘sadza’, stwn. ruoz m. ‘ts.’, niem. Ruß m. ‘ts.’ (< zach.germ. *hrōtam./n. ‘sadza’). Ten wywód jest prawdopodobny z fonologicznego i semantycznego punktuwidzenia, ale niełatwo wskazać drogi przejęcia germańskiego apelatywu, poświadczonegowyłącznie w językach zachodniogermańskich, do języka pralapońskiego. Z drugiej strony,należy stanowczo wykluczyć ewentualność, że termin zachodniogermański *hrōta- zostałprzejęty w prehistorycznych czasach ze źródła lapońskiego.
Trawestacje biblijne jako element propagandy antyreligijnej na przykładzie tekstów prasowych w języku polskim, rosyjskim i ukraińskim z lat 1924–1932
Authors: Ławrynow Daria
Published: December 2023

Przedmiotem analizy w artykule są przykłady trawestacji biblijnych pochodzące z polskich, rosyjskich i ukraińskich radzieckich tekstów prasowych („Bezbożnik Wojujący”, „Głos Młodzieży”, „Bezbozhnik” i „Bezvirnyk”). Owe źródła były oficjalnymi organami prasowymi ZSRR, a ich głównym zadaniem były propaganda komunizmu i ateizmu, głównie wśród mniejszości narodowych. Trawestacje biblijne stanowiły jeden z elementów tej propagandy i miały na celu ośmieszenie wiary religijnej oraz jej dogmatów. Sugerowano irracjonalny, absurdalny i nienaukowy charakter wierzeń, dogmatów i wydarzeń biblijnych. Podczas analizy powołano się na definicję propagandy autorstwa Ireny Kamińskiej-Szmaj oraz definicje ludowej kultury śmiechu opracowane przez Michaiła Bachtina i Alekseya Zherebina. Niniejszy artykuł jest pierwszą próbą analizy porównawczej radzieckich polsko-, rosyjsko- i ukraińskojęzycznych źródeł o profilu antyreligijnym.
Pacjent, klient, uczeń, czyli jak nazwać osobę korzystającą z pomocy logopedycznej
Authors: Gacka Ewa
Published: December 2023

Tekst poświęcono rozważaniom nad sposobami nazywania osób korzystających z pomocy logopedycznej. Wśród badaczy zaburzeń komunikacji językowej oraz logopedów praktyków, a także wśród uczestników terapii logopedycznej brak jednomyślności w tej kwestii. Analizie poddane zostały nazwy powszechnie stosowane: pacjent, klient, uczeń. Szukając najlepszego określenia przedstawiono etymologię tych słów, ich zakres znaczeniowy, podano przykłady użycia oraz konteksty, w jakich dane określenie jest używane. Podjęto także próbę wskazania najtrafniejszego określenia dla nazwania osoby uczestniczącej w terapii logopedycznej.
Sytuacja komunikacyjna a język muzycznej audycji autorskiej w cyklu „Muzyka Współczesna” w Radio Newonce
Authors: Stachyra Grażyna
Published: December 2023

Celem artykułu jest zbadanie języka audycji autorskiej „Muzyka Współczesna” w internetowej stacji Newonce Radio. Powodem podjęcia tego problemu jest potrzeba zrewidowania językowych konsekwencji zmiany sytuacji komunikacyjnej we współczesnym radiu.Jest ona tu rozumiana jako kontekst językowego komunikowania obejmujący zarówno kwestie technologiczne, jak i ewolucję samej formuły audycji autorskiej. Kontekst ten współtworzą następujące aspekty: 1. Radio Newonce nie jest oddzielną instytucją – radiem per se, lecz jednym z kanałów platformy medialnej newonce.media; 2. Nadawca emituje jednorazowe muzyczne audycje autorskie dostępne później jako podcasty; 3. Autorską audycję muzyczną prowadzą twórcy przemysłu audio (nie zaś dziennikarze muzyczni), którzy zapraszają jako gości znajomych z branży. Przy uwzględnieniu tych zmian zbadany został język dialogów pomiędzy prowadzącymi oraz zapraszanymi do studia gośćmi. Zastosowano teorię mediolingwistyki w aspekcie językowej odmiany radiowej, co pozwoliło na interpretowanie języka dialogów w ujęciu pragmatycznym i dowiodło, że: 1. Przygotowanie i emitowanie audycji, którą potem można odsłuchiwać jako podcast, powoduje nieprecyzyjne definiowanie przestrzeni komunikacyjnej i wywołuje zakłócenia w dostosowaniu języka do trybu rozmowy w radiu „na żywo” lub występu w nagrywanym podcaście;2. Dyskursywne kontestowanie przez nadawców roli dziennikarzy muzycznych wpływa na gatunkowe wyznaczniki audycji: wewnątrzsterowny charakter (goście w audycji to znajomi, przyjaciele prowadzących) oraz status gospodarzy audycji (równorzędny z gośćmi).
ОСВІТНІЙ ВЕБСАЙТ ЯК ЗАСІБ ФОРМУВАННЯ ГОТОВНОСТІ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ПОЧАТКОВИХ КЛАСІВ ДО ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: Білик Юлія
Published: December 2023

Інформатизація та цифровізація освітньої сфери сприяє розширенню підходів і методів професійної підготовки учителя початкових класів. В умовах пандемії, спричиненої поширенням коронавірусу Covid-19 і введенням воєнного стану, зумовленого повномасштабним вторгненням агресора, довготривалих перебоїв у постачанні електроенергії, особливий акцент ставиться на дистанційне навчання і різноманітні форми, методи, засоби його здійснення. Серед засобів навчання привертає увагу такий вебресурс, як вебсайт, що володіє значним освітнім потенціалом для організації дистанційного навчання на усіх освітніх рівнях та викладання дисциплін у закладах вищої освіти. У статті здійснюється аналіз можливостей використання освітніх вебсайтів у процесі підготовки майбутніх учителів початкових класів до організації дистанційного навчання, описано види, функції, основні характеристики та вимоги до освітніх вебсайтів. Розглянуто досвід використання авторського освітнього вебсайту «Дистанційне навчання у початковій школі» в процесі навчання студентів спеціальності 013 «Початкова освіта» під час викладання методик навчання предметів інформатичної освітньої галузі та інших дисциплін. Описано структуру (блоки «Навчальнометодичні матеріали», «Учневі», «Батькам», посилання на блог) і наповнення вказаного вебсайту, обґрунтовано його переваги (зручність, простота, гнучкість, доступність, індивідуалізація, інноватизація освітнього процесу тощо) у підготовці майбутніх фахівців – учителів початкових класів до організації дистанційного навчання. Використання освітнього вебсайту у підготовці майбутніх учителів початкових класів сприяє формуванню когнітивного, операційного компонентів готовності учителів до організації дистанційного навчання у початковій школі, розвитку інформаційно-цифрової компетентності та цифрової грамотності студентів спеціальності «Початкова освіта», підвищенню мотивації до дистанційного навчання, набуття ціннісного ставлення до дистанційної освіти як рівнозначної і ефективної форми навчання й вимоги часу та обставин.
Designer approaches to the heritage textile craft amalgamation in hand knitting; local adaptation of hand knitting technology
Authors:   Department of Integrated Design, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Kasturiarachchi S.C.W , Wickramasinghe D.P.U.M.
Published: December 2023

Hand knitting is a versatile experimental craft that can be explored in many ways. Knitting is the process of looping yarn around two or more needles to form a collection of interconnected loops that will eventually become a finished clothing item or another sort of fabric. This craft came to Sri Lanka during foreign invention and primarily to produce pure Norwegian wool yarns began producing machine knitted sweaters somewhere in the 1950's. And further expanded as cottage knitting centers in several of the island's rural communities. In literature, hand knitting is typically connected with western countries. Even though it is generally associated with the western countries, Sri Lanka also considers it as a heritage textile craft. Hand knitting is a common practice in every household worldwide. However, because of the lack of climatic necessity, hand knitting is not a well-established craft in Sri Lanka as compared to other crafts. And also, the knitting industry has still not started to cater in terms of the Sri Lankan context. Nevertheless, Sri Lanka has thriving, economy-based craft organizations and communities with highly talented artisans who have more than 35 years of expertise in hand knitting and produce export-quality goods to different countries. There are countless possibilities with hand knitting, and this method is capable of adapting to local context in many ways. Craftsman’s, different companies are also approaching this. The term "amalgamation" describes the mixing of cultures as opposed to one group eradicating another or one group assimilating itself into another. Hence Craft amalgamation is one approach where hand knitting can be introduced according to local preferences. The main objective and the intention of this research is to understand how local designers in Sri Lanka amalgamate various other heritage textile crafts in Sri Lanka with hand knitting technology to integrate into the local context. This creates an pportunity for local craft communities to uplift their craftsmanship towards the creative economy and also to give a new knowledge to the Local designers who tend to form new designs related to hand knitting for the local context. Literature reviews and case studies are used as the main research approach for this study to examine the Sri Lankan hand knitting industry and its strengths and weaknesses. Several case studies will be carried out for designers who are engaged with knitwear, and it will be conducted to identify the ways they have taken through the amalgamation of heritage crafts. Craft amalgamation may be challenging, but efforts have been made to remove these challenges from their design processes. In the end, each of these projects clearly illustrates the potential for craft amalgamation. Hence this will open up to future possibilities which are related to hand knitting.
Nature as a creative mentor: how Sri Lankan fashion designers embrace biomimicry
Authors:   Department of Textile and Apparel Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Senevirathne K. , Gopura S.C.
Published: December 2023

Channelling nature as a profound source of inspiration for integrating design solutions has been a longstanding practice dating back to the dawn of human survival. This innovative approach involves perceiving biological functions and visuals, and then merging them with design to create product solutions. In recent times, this process has taken on a new form with biomimicry gaining traction as a valuable tool for industrial enterprises. The purpose of this study is to explore the potential impact of biomimicry on the fashion industry and its future landscape in fashion design. To conduct this research, primary data was collected through purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews with local designers, while secondary data was obtained from renowned fashion trend forecasting platforms, social blogs, and scientific literature. These were then subjected to mixed method analysis. Through this exploratory research, we draw conclusions about the efficiency of biomimicry as a design practice and its potential as a tool for advanced innovative concepts in Sri Lankan context. The study also highlights the gaps between biological knowledge and the fashion industry, which have been hindering the widespread adoption of this practice. By investigating the opportunities and possibilities that biomimicry presents, this research aims to empower local fashion designers to incorporate biomimetic principles into their creative and commercial practices. Ultimately, the findings infirm shaping a sustainable and innovative future for the field of fashion.
Occupational mental wellness and hygiene: a focus on janitors’ workwear in the Sri Lankan apparel industry
Authors:   Department of Textile and Apparel Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Dharmakeerthi K. , Gopura S.C.
Published: December 2023

The janitorial personnel possess strong individual personalities as they serve silently and deserve better recognition, all the while maintaining a clean and sparkling everyday world. With real-life experiences and real-world statistics on Janitors' Workwear, this unattended sector of apparel requirements has shown potential for innovations benefiting humanity and safety. However, the impact of workwear on hygiene and mental wellness for janitors remains questionable. The purpose of this study is to investigate janitor workwear in the Sri Lankan apparel sector and assess how it affects the hygiene and mental wellness of janitorial personnel. The study utilised thematic analysis, drawing from information gathered through interviews with a pool of janitors selected through purposive sampling and questionnaires completed by their supervisors and close working executives. Additionally, secondary data was collected from literature to provide further references. The findings of this research have been justified and presented within a thematic analysis framework. This study holds relevance for various stakeholders, including future researchers, apparel sector workers, janitorial firms, workwear designers, apparel sector Human Resource teams, and others seeking such information.
Customised packaging solutions for fragile edible cutlery: a design and development study
Authors:   Department of Integrated Design, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Dewmini M.G.C.N. , Samarawickrama S.
Published: December 2023

The research delves into the nuanced world of customised packaging design, specifically tailored for fragile edible cutlery, addressing the pressing need for safe and efficient transportation of these uniquely shaped products. Defined as a crucial aspect of ensuring food preservation during transit and storage, customised packaging design revolves around developing outer and inner packaging solutions to safeguard perishable, delicate food items. Highlighting two pivotal components, the study places emphasis on the outer packaging's requirement for pressure and puncture resistance, shielding products from damage during transportation and palletizing. Meanwhile, the inner packaging aims at securing and buffering fragile items against shocks and vibrations, thereby reducing damage rates. The research objective revolves around designing tailored packaging solutions for these delicate food items, considering their fragile nature and irregular shapes.The study employed a three-phase methodology, beginning with an analysis of existing packaging solutions and prototype development for selected edible cup and spoon shapes. This phase aimed to identify deficiencies and improve packaging considering factors impacting transportation. Innovative packaging design followed, focusing on addressing breakage and cushioning requirements while integrating sustainability features. The final phase involved prototype testing, gathering feedback from experts and exhibition visitors to refine prototypes iteratively, aligning with project goals and audience needs. Analysis of current packaging for edible cups highlighted limitations in attractiveness and user experience, emphasising the need for improved designs with enhanced cushioning and eco-friendly graphics. User feedback regarding the existing packaging by the sole Sri Lankan manufacturer revealed inadequacies, stressing the importance of enhancing product protection and user satisfaction. It suggests future research avenues to encompass diverse product shapes and sizes, focusing on continual improvement aligned with evolving consumer preferences..
Sensory toys specified for early interventions in autistic children in Sri Lanka; the influence of design elements
Authors:   Department of Integrated Design, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Chandraguptha B.D.C.S. , De Silva C.
Published: December 2023

With the rise of Autism awareness in Sri Lanka, the obligation to develop enforceable products for Autistic children is also on the rise. One such way is to incorporate sensory toys in the sensory play activity in Autistic children, which stimulate or relax the senses, such as sight, smell, touch, taste and hearing. Thus, the use of sensory toys becomes more and more common among Autistic children as they capture their senses in an entertaining manner. The sensory processing defects are a common condition relevant to the Autistic children where it can be either hyper sensitive or hypo sensitive of their sensory systems. To overcome these effects the sensory toys are employed by them. Not every Autistic child contains all the senses to be hyper- or hypo- responsive; it can be either one or more senses that can possess those circumstances. Though the production of sensory toys for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is widely found in the global context. The groundwork search has shown that the production of sensory toys, specialised for autistic children is limited in Sri Lanka, so it is essential to point out to which depth will the design elements affect the production of sensory toys. In the development of the sensory toys, this study aims to identify which elements needed to be considered according to the extent of the diagnosed condition; as ASD is a spectrum disorder where the symptoms may differ from each individual. The initial data collection was done to analyse which design elements needs to be considered where it disclosed colour, texture and form are the main elements to be contemplated on. Following it included open ended questions from specialists and covert observations with four autistic children possessing different sensory delays to observe which design elements affects the development of sensory toys. The findings through data gathered revealed that even though colour and texture have a significant influence on hyper- and hyper- responsive Autistic children; the form is not concerned with reducing the uncomfortableness they gain through the senses but it is needed to include safety in the toy through curved edges and simple geometric forms. As the research studied the influence of the design elements of sensory toys towards their calming behaviour; the study can extend its limits to different Autistic levels, age categories and other neurodevelopmental disorders.
Enhancing young readers' expectations in Sri Lankan chapter book series: a review based on user feedback for 'Kacha Kacha Simona
Authors: Madhuwanthi I.M.U.
Published: December 2023

“Kacha Kacha Simona” was a pioneering chapter book series of Sinhala literature, categorized under chapter books the children story genre, authored and published from the year 2017 by the Sri Lankan writer I.M. Uthpala Madhuwanthi alias ‘Sandha Uthpalawee’. At present, “Kacha Kacha Simona” book series which is also considered a significant milestone of the author’s writing career has evolved into a trilogy targeting not only readers aged 7 to 11, but also beyond. The book series “Kacha Kacha Simona”, accompanied with delightful illustrations, captures the essence of the author’s childhood experiences. The series revolves around the protagonist, a talkative, playful, yet innocent girl with a strong determination for her studies. The books showcase Simona’s family, pets, hobbies, and her profound appreciation for the little joys of life. Also the storyline revolves around Simona’s journey as she prepares for and faces the grade five scholarship examination, a significant challenge that alters the course of her life. The first book in the series, “Kacha Kacha Simona” was an island-wide success, not only among children but also with adults. The author’s personal handling of story development, illustrations, book layout, cover design, publishing, distribution, sales and marketing showcased her multifaceted talent. The positive reception received from the audience including fan mail and drawings from readers inspired the author to create the second installment of the series, “Kacha Kacha Simona - Vibhaga Boothaya '' in 2020. In the year 2021, the third book “ Kacha Kacha Simona – Duwana Iskole” was also published and they all received an overwhelming amount of love and attention from young readers.The author introduced a unique page layout and a presentation style, setting a new trend in Sri Lankan children’s story books. The trilogy was also recognized for its educational value by the Ministry of Education as all three installments were certified as suitable for Sri Lankan school libraries. The series’s success can be attributed to four key elements consistently praised by its young audience based on their feedback. First, the narration style is engaging and captivating, keeping children enthralled throughout the reading experience. Second, humor is artfully woven into the narrative, providing moments of laughter and joy. Third, the author’s simple writing style resonates well with young readers, making the books accessible and relatable to their real life experiences. Fourth, the delightful illustrations complement the story, enhancing the overall appeal of the series. Taking “Kacha Kacha Simona’s user feedback into consideration, this study reveals the desired expectations of young readers of Sri Lankan chapter book series.
Creating realistic and safe "Dummy Props" for medical drama and action scenes
Authors:   Department of Integrated Design, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Fernando B.S.C.
Published: December 2023

The film industry, as a captivating visual medium, thrives on its ability to intertwine reality and fiction, captivating audiences with compelling storylines. At the heart of film production lies the significance of props, instrumental in bringing characters to life and shaping the narrative. These inanimate objects serve as the backdrop to characters, establish settings, time periods, and cultural contexts, and often act as powerful symbols influencing societal trends. This research delves into the creation of realistic medical props for medical drama (films) scenes, where real props are not viable due to safety concerns. The challenge lies in crafting dummy props that convincingly mimic real objects, ensuring the safety of actors while maintaining an immersive experience for audiences. While international film industries rely on specialized design agencies and facilities, the Sri Lankan film industry faces limitations in accessing such resources and dedicated design institutes. Therefore, the creation of low-cost yet authentic props becomes a significant obstacle. To address this, the research combines technical expertise, medical knowledge, technical skills, and hands-on experience to develop props adhering to safety standards while upholding a high level of realism. These props enhance storytelling in medical dramas (films), providing a compelling and immersive experience. Creating realistic and safe props commences with a meticulous analysis of the film’s script and scene requirements. For medical drama scenes, extensive research into medical equipment, procedures, and terminology ensures accuracy and authenticity. Consultation with medical experts provides valuable insights during the design process, while material selection ensures the dummy props closely resemble their real counterparts in appearance and texture. Medical sequences demand props that can withstand physical interactions without endangering actors. Throughout the creation process, continuous collaboration between prop designers, directors, and actors is crucial to ensure seamless integration of props into the film’s narrative and performances. Visual representations and simulations aid in refining functionality and appearance, resulting in a coherent visual style aligned with the film’s vision. In conclusion, this research successfully demonstrates the creation of realistic and safe props for medical drama (films) in the Sri Lankan film industry. The fusion of technical expertise, medical knowledge, and creative ingenuity has produced props that elevate the cinematic experience while prioritizing actor safety. By overcoming limitations in accessing specialized design agencies, this research offers a practical and cost-effective solution catering to the unique needs of the Sri Lankan film industry, contributing to its growth and development.
Community-based application for Sri Lankan comic enthusiasts towards building a Sri Lankan comic culture
Authors:   Department of Integrated Design, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Perera A.P. , Samarawickrama S.
Published: December 2023

The landscape of comics in Sri Lanka has a rich history dating back to the 1950s when comic strips were immensely popular. However, in the early 2000s, the industry encountered a significant shift with the advent of digital entertainment, causing a decline in the production and popularity of comics. This transition period lasted for about 17 years, during which the industry grappled with adapting to the digital era. Webcomics emerged as a global trend, leading Sri Lankan comic artists to embrace this digital shift, albeit with challenges. Presently, the Sri Lankan comic industry comprises three primary stakeholders: comic artists, writers, and fans. Despite the transition to webcomics, the annual production drastically decreased from around 100 to only 20, with more than 40% of these discontinued after 2020. The decline in the industry is attributed to the lack of networking and collaboration among the identified stakeholders. Without a strong community base, the sustainability of the industry is compromised. The core objective of this project is to establish a platform that facilitates networking among comic enthusiasts, fostering a vibrant community. While Sri Lankan comics have a longstanding legacy, recent developments in digitalization have reshaped the landscape. Despite a budding graphic novel industry and the influence of notable comic artists, the lack of collaboration among creators and a platform connecting them with their audience has hindered the industry's growth. This project aims to scrutinize the reasons behind this decline and identify the existing gaps within the industry. By creating a space for comic enthusiasts to network and build a community, this initiative seeks to reinvigorate the Sri Lankan comic culture and propel it towards sustainable growth.
OPTIMAL APPROACHES FOR LOCAL TREATMENT OF GUNSHOT WOUNDS TO FACILITATE EARLY WOUND HEALING
Authors: Ivanova G.O. , Dudchenko M.O. , Kravtsiv M.I. , Ivashchenko D.M. , Shevchuk M.P. , Zezekalo Y.O. , Prykhidko R.A.
Published: December 2023

Gunshot wounds comprise a significant category of injuries resulting from firearm use, involving not only the impact of the blast wave but also damage from metal and secondary tissue fragments. This topic remains highly relevant today, as the appropriateness of local and surgical treatments plays a crucial role in the prompt regeneration of damaged tissues, prevention of purulent complications, swift closure of wound defects, and the optimal restoration of organ function, thereby reducing disability rates for patients.

This study aims to compare and determine the clinical effectiveness of traditional dressings with antiseptic (Study Group I), hydroactive superabsorbent dressings (Group II), and Vacuum-Assisted Closure (VAC-therapy) (Group III) to provide cleansing of gunshot wounds, prepare the wound surface for skin plastic surgery, prevent secondary necrosis, purulent complications, and ensure the rapid rehabilitation of patients.

The study included 154 wounded individuals, divided into three groups, with an age range spanning 18 to 50 years. Following our study, it can be inferred that the use of Vacuum-Assisted Closure (VAC-therapy) proves most effective in treating gunshot wounds. This method stimulates the early growth of granulation tissue, with mature granulation tissue evident as early as the 4th day, in contrast to the use of hydroactive dressings (on the 6th day) and traditional gauze material with an antiseptic (on the 7th day). VAC-therapy facilitates marginal epithelization and wound contraction, preventing the development of secondary necrosis and severe purulent complications. Moreover, this approach requires shorter-term antibiotic therapy, exhibits the lowest rate of complications post-repair of a wound defect, and reduces the rehabilitation period for the wounded.
DEVELOPMENT OF A STRATIFICATION SYSTEM FOR SEVERE ACUTE PANCREATITIS IN THE FIRST DAY OF ITS ONSET
Authors: Kerbazh N.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Acute pancreatitis stands as one of the prevalent acute inflammatory diseases of the abdominal cavity, marked by a diverse range of clinical presentations and the risk of developing persistent organ failure is too high even in its early stages. At present, the widely adopted framework for assessing acute pancreatitis is the 2012 revised Atlanta classification. However, distinguishing between moderately severe and severe acute pancreatitis within this classification necessitates a minimum of 48 hours to determine the persistence of organ failure. Consequently, the primary challenge in contemporary acute pancreatitis diagnosis and treatment lies in the imperative task of early-stage prognosis and effective stratification of disease severity.

Objective of this investigation is to determine the availability of optimal parameters of clinical and instrumental examination methods in order to predict the course of acute pancreatitis in the first day of its onset by conducting a statistical analysis of the studies performed.

Materials and methods. The assessment the state of microcirculation in patients by the method of laser Doppler flowmetry was carried out using the LAKK-02 device according to the specified methodology. Patients were also subjected to general clinical and instrumental examination. In order to study the influence of indicators on the severity of the disease, the paired correlation coefficients of each of them were calculated, after which, for the parameters with the closest connection, a multiple linear correlation-regression model was built and the multiple correlation coefficient with the severity of the disease was calculated.

Results. The following parameters have the most significant influence on the severity of the disease on the first day: findings of laser Doppler flowmetry C (A/M), systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria, hematocrit, hydrothorax/peritonitis. In the complex analysis, the multiple correlation coefficient is 0.803, which indicates a significant relationship between the factors included in the model and the degree of severity. The coefficient of determination points out that the degree of severity is 64.5% dependent on the indicators included in the model.

Conclusions. The obtained results of the study indicate the presence of a complex influence of the criteria of laser Doppler flowmetry C (A/M), criteria of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome, hematocrit, hydrothorax/peritonitis on the severity of the disease in patients with acute pancreatitis within the first day of the disease onset that underscores the potential for early-stage preliminary stratification of acute pancreatitis severity based on these criteria.
INCIDENCE AND DEPENDENCE OF FUNCTIONAL RETINAL CHANGES IN RHEGMATOGENOUS DETACHMENT IN PATIENTS OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS
Authors: Olefir I.S. , Ryadnova V.V. , Voskresenska L.K.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment results from retinal rupture causing the accumulation of fluid with the separation of the neurosensory retina from the main pigment epithelium. This condition is known as the most common type of retinal detachment. Patients with newly developed retinal detachment typically experience a sudden loss of vision, accompanied by floating opacities and metamorphopsia, or a "dark veil," that interferes with vision. The annual incidence of retinal detachment has been estimated in different countries and regions for a long time and ranged from 6.9 to 26.2 cases per 100,000.

Aim of this study is to investigate the incidence rate of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment among individuals of different age groups.

Materials and methods. 240 patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment operated during 2022-2023 were included in this retrospective study. The criteria for inclusion were the following: a case of retinal detachment with onset between January 2022 and October 2023. Exclusion criteria include: 1) traction-induced retinal detachment (eg, proliferative diabetic retinopathy), iatrogenic injury, or eye tumor; 2) subclinical RBS, which could be cured by one laser treatment of the retina; 4) a history of penetrating eye injury; 5) retinal detachment caused by a macular tear.

Results and conclusions. Following the analysis of the incidence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, it was observed that this condition predominantly occurs in men (62.5% of cases), particularly in the older age group (60-70 years). The average duration of detachment before surgical intervention is 18.4±2.4 days. Early detection of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment leads to a reduced risk of total retinal detachment with macular involvement, as evidenced in our study (63.3% macula-off in men compared to only 28.8% macula-off in women).
CLINICAL AND LABORATORY ASPECTS IN DIAGNOSTICS OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE HEPATOBILIARY SYSTEM IN PRETERM INFANTS
Authors: Godovanets O. S.
Published: December 2023

Resume. The insufficient information content of existing methods of diagnosis and treatment, the high incidence of complications, and the growing prevalence of digestive diseases in children in Ukraine justify the necessity for in-depth research in order to deepen understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying organ pathology with the ultimate goal of improving medical care for newborns.

The aim of this study is to assess clinical and laboratory parameters characterizing the functional state of the hepatobiliary system in preterm infants.

Participants and methods. The main group included 68 preterm infants of gestational age 32-33/6 weeks who had clinical signs of severe perinatal pathology; the comparison group involved 27 basically healthy infants of gestational age 34-36/6 weeks. A comprehensive examination of newborns with an assessment of the severity of perinatal pathology and a set of generally accepted biochemical blood parameters was performed. The research was conducted in compliance with the basic provisions of GCP (1996), the Council of Europe Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine (April 4, 1997), the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki on the Ethical Principles of Scientific Medical Research Involving Human Subjects (1964-2008). The research protocol was approved by the Commission on Biomedical Ethics of Bukovinian State Medical University (Protocol No. 5 of 12.09.2015). Statistical processing of the study results was performed using the STATISTICA software (StatSoft Inc., USA, Version 10) MedCalc program (https://www.medcalc. org/index.php). Comparison of quantitative indicators with a normal distribution was performed using the Student's t-test at a statistical significance of p<0.05.

Results and Discussion. With a burdened somatic history, unfavorable factors of pregnancy and childbirth in the mother, severe forms of diseases in preterm infants in the early neonatal period are accompanied by clinical signs of disorders of the functional state of the hepatobiliary system, in particular, an enlargement of the liver, hepatosplenic syndrome, edema, meteorism, jaundice, hemorrhagic manifestations, such as gastrointestinal bleeding, acholic stools, and hypoglycemia. Laboratory markers of severe functional hepatoniliary disorders include decreased levels of total protein, bilirubin, and glucose; increased levels of urea and cholesterol; reduced enzymatic activity of aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase. A significant decrease in the activity of the enzymes alanine aminotransferase and γ-glutamine transaminase and a decrease in the activity of alkaline phosphatase and Ca2+ level were also observed.

Conclusions. The obtained results of clinical and laboratory parameters indicate the necessity to study the main pathophysiological syndromes of hepatobiliary system dysfunction in perinatal pathology, considering morphological and functional characteristics in preterm infants.
CHANGES IN INDICATORS OF EMBRYOTOXICITY OF CADMIUM CHLORIDE IN COMBINED ADMINISTRATION WITH ZINC AND COPPER SUCCINATE IN A CHRONIC EXPERIMENT ON RATS
Authors: Shatorna V.F. , Lomyga L.L.
Published: December 2023

The search for bioantagonists of cadmium toxicity, its negative impact on the body and the developing embryo remains a relevant and, at the same time, is understudied issue in modern science. In recent years, the effectiveness of the use of succinic acid salts for the prevention and treatment of diseases of various human organs and systems has been established.

Objective: To determine changes in the level of embryotoxic effect of cadmium chloride in a dose of 2 mg/kg with isolated and combined with copper or zinc succinate intragastric administration in a chronic experiment on pregnant female rats.

Objects and methods. This embryological study included female rats with a defined gestation period, which were categorized into four distinct experimental groups: the first group served as the control, the second group received an isolated administration of cadmium chloride solution, the third group underwent combined administration of cadmium chloride solution and zinc succinate solution, and the fourth group experienced combined administration of a solution containing cadmium chloride and copper succinate. The collection of embryonic material occurred on the 13th and 20th days of embryogenesis. Statistical analysis of the collected data was performed using the STATISTICA program. Statistically significant differences were determined at a p-value of less than 0.05 (a significance level of 5%). The description, assessment, and comparison of the mean indicators among the groups were conducted employing variance analysis and the Kruskal-Wallis test.

Results and discussions. All female rats in the experiment survived. The obtained results demonstrate a significant increase in all indicators of embryonic mortality in the group exposed to cadmium chloride in comparison with the control group on both the 13th and 20th days of the experiment. At the same time, comparing the groups exposed to cadmium in combination with zinc and copper succinates with the group of isolated exposure, can visualize statistically significant differences in the main indicators of embryonic development.

Conclusion. Isolated chronic administration of cadmium chloride to pregnant female rats in doses of 2.0 mg/kg leads to a decrease in the average number of embryos and an increase in embryonic mortality in the group, whereas the combined administration of cadmium chloride in the same dose with zinc and copper succinates, all indicators of embryotoxicity are reduced, which enables to consider copper succinate and especially zinc succinates as bioantagonists of cadmium.
ANALYSIS OF INTERCONNECTION BETWEEN THE BASE OF THE REMOVABLE DENTURE AND TISSUES OF THE FOUNDATION AREA
Authors: Andrienko K.Yu. , Yanishen I.V. , Fedotova O.L. , Pogorila A.V. , Khlystun N.L.
Published: December 2023

The aim of this investigation is to analyze relevant literature as a foundational theoretical framework for developing functionally effective removable dental prostheses using modified dental materials.

In accordance with various authors, the percentage of patients abstaining from using custom-made removable dental prostheses can be as high as 29±0.9%. This cohort avoids prostheses due to inflammatory processes affceting mucous membrane beneath the prosthetic base, discomfort, or pain arising from mismatches between the prosthesis base and the prosthetic area.

The results of the statistical analysis show that out of the total number of patients who received removable prostheses, 18.5±0.2% of them refrain from using dentures due to pain; for 21.0±0.75% improper fixation is the reason for non-use; 3.9±0.5% of patients find difficulty in the way of inserting the prosthesis; 8.2±0.3% report non-use due to frequent breakdowns; 5.9±0.8% experience inability to chew; 2.5±0.3% attribute non-use to an allergic reaction to plastic or other components of the removable orthopedic structure; 3.2±0.2% are affected by a vomiting reflex; 2.4±0.57% express dissatisfaction with the appearance of the structure; 6.2±0.8% face impossibility in adapting to the orthopedic structure; 33.8±0.2% refrain from use due to a combination of the above-stated reasons.

Numerous scientists have investigated the impact of various factors, including porosity, internal stresses, deformations, and elevated monomer content in base materials. It has been determined that utilizing molding materials with increased strength and dispersion, incorporating a silicone release layer, employing the injection molding method, polymerizing under air pressure with gradual cuvette cooling, and subsequently subjecting dentures to water exposure significantly enhance the physical and chemical properties of plastics.

Conclusion, Despite the advancements in modern techniques and the array of proposed options for manufacturing laminar dentures, along with methods of modification to enhance their physical and mechanical properties, further research is imperative. This ongoing exploration aims to improve the overall quality of orthopedic treatment involving removable denture structures.
OBSTACLES TO RECEIVING MEDICAL AND DENTAL CARE IN PATIENTS WITH HEARING LOSS (LITERATURE REVIEW) BARRIERS TO ACCESSING MEDICAL AND DENTAL CARE AMONG INDIVIDUALS WITH HEARING LOSS
Authors: Sokolova I.I. , Stasiuk O.A.
Published: December 2023

The article presents current problems that arise in the communication between hearing- impaired patients and doctors, in particular, dentists.

Every year, the number of hearing-impaired people in the world is increasing. In Ukraine, there is no accurate statistical information about people with hearing loss.

Hearing-impaired patients, trying to access medical and dental hearing care, face many obstacles related to the language barrier. This review of the literature highlights the main reasons and obstacles that arise for people with hearing impairments on the way to receiving medical and dental care and medical professionals in providing such care. This article aims to make medical professionals more aware of the features and needs of deaf patients, which must be taken into account when providing medical and dental care to patients with hearing impairments.

The quality of medical care depends on the interaction between the patient and the doctor. Deaf people mostly use sign language to communicate, which is why they face significant barriers when trying to get medical, especially dental, services.

The health of the oral cavity of children and adults with hearing impairment is a rather sensitive issue that few have investigated. People with hearing impairments are more likely to need dental care, but rarely seek it because of communication barriers. Training doctors, particularly dentists, to work with deaf patients and families who communicate through sign language opens up many opportunities to improve communication during appointments and provide quality medical care.
Elements of Apophatic Theology in the Writings of Elizabeth of the Trinity
Authors: Miczyński Jan
Published: December 2023

The article is a theological and spiritual reflection on the spiritual doctrine of the French mystic St. Elizabeth of the Trinity OCD (Élisabeth Catez), who lived from 1880 to 1906. The present study seeks to explain the reason why apart from cataphatic (positive) expressions, characteristic of nuptial Carmelite mysticism, which Elizabeth represents, her writings sometimes contain apophatic (negative) expressions, emphasizing the unknowability of God. The historical and literary, hermeneutical, philological and comparative analyses of her work lead to the following conclusions; as a Carmelite she consciously referred to the teaching of the Areopagite (Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite) and to the later continuator of his thought, Bl. John Ruusbroec (Ruysbroeck); however, to apophatic expressions – e.g. infinite, unchanging, inaccessible, indescribable, immovable, inexhaustible, unknown, invisible, incomprehensible, incomparable, elusive – she gave a nuptial tone, for the sake of emphasizing the beauty and poetic nature of the bridal love of God and man. For this reason, Elizabeth does not represent the apophatic trend, but uses its language to emphasize the beauty of God and the poetic character of his relationship with man
Development of the anatomy theaters in the Netherlands during the 1600s and contributions of some important names
Authors: BAYLAN Hüseyin , ÇIRPAN Sibel , YONGUÇ Gökşin Nilüfer
Published: December 2023

Creating a common historical perspective on anatomy is necessary for humanity to complete its mental and philosophical development. Since the 1600s, the Netherlands has made great contributions to the historical development of the science of anatomy. In addition to the medical conditions encountered in daily life, the science of surgery, which developed thanks to the wars, has glorified the science of anatomy over time. In the 1600s, anatomy theaters in the Netherlands were established under the leadership of surgeons and supported by the administrators. The scientific environment they created made the Netherlands one of the important medical education centers in Europe, like Italy and France. This success can be explained by the fact that the Dutch people placed scientific methods in the new universities they established in parallel with the economic, political, cultural and mental development of the Dutch people. Thus the Netherlands of the 1600s almost created a historical step between today's and medieval faculties. This period of the Netherlands, which, with its progressive climate, created science and art producers who have shaped the world's anatomy and medical education today, should be remembered with its important names and contributions.