bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BMI trajectories from birth to young adulthood associate with distinct cardiometabolic profiles
Authors: Wang Gang , Wei Dang , Kebede Merid Simon , Ekström Sandra , Klevebro Susanna , Hernandez-Pacheco Natalia , Björkander Sophia , Ljungman Petter , Kull Inger , Schwenk Jochen M. , Bergström Anna , Melén Erik
Published: November 2024

Background

Numerous studies have investigated links between body mass index (BMI) trajectories and cardiovascular risk, yet discrepancies in BMI measurement duration and timing of the cardiovascular-related outcome evaluation have led to inconsistent findings.

Methods

We included participants from the Swedish birth cohort (BAMSE) and applied latent class mixture modeling to identify BMI trajectories using data of multiple BMI measures (≥ 4 times) from birth until 24-year follow-up (n = 3204). Subsequently, we analyzed the associations of BMI trajectories with lipids (n = 1974), blood pressure (n = 2022), HbA1c (n = 941), and blood leukocytes (n = 1973) using linear regression. We also investigated the circulating levels of 92 inflammation-related proteins (n = 1866) across BMI trajectories.

Results

Six distinct BMI groups were identified, denoted as increasing—persistent high (n = 74; 2.3%), high—accelerated increasing (n = 209; 6.5%), increasing—accelerated resolving (n = 142; 4.4%), normal—above normal (n = 721; 22.5%), stable normal (n = 1608; 50.2%), and decreasing—persistent low (n = 450; 14.1%) BMI groups. The increasing—persistent high and high—accelerated increasing BMI groups had higher levels of total cholesterol [mean difference (95% confidence intervals): 0.30 (0.04–0.56) and 0.16 (0.02–0.31) mmol/L], triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, hemoglobin A1C [3.61 (2.17–5.54) and 1.18 (0.40–1.98) mmol/mol], and low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratios, but a lower level of high-density lipoprotein than the stable normal BMI group. These two groups also had higher leukocyte cell counts and higher circulating levels of 28 inflammation-related proteins. No increased cardiometabolic markers were observed in the increasing—accelerated resolving BMI group.

Conclusions

Participants with persistently high or accelerated increasing BMI trajectories from birth to young adulthood have elevated levels of cardiometabolic risk markers at young adulthood than those with stable normal BMI. However, a raised BMI in childhood may not be inherently harmful to cardiometabolic health, provided it does not persist into adulthood.
Research priorities for the study of atrial fibrillation during acute and critical illness: recommendations from the Symposium on Atrial Fibrillation in Acute and Critical Care
Authors: Sibley Stephanie , Atzema Clare , Balik Martin , Bedford Jonathan , Conen David , Garside Tessa , Johnston Brian , Kanji Salmaan , Landry Camron , McIntyre William , Maslove David M. , Muscedere John , Ostermann Marlies , Scheuemeyer Frank , Seeley Andrew , Sivilotti Marco , Tsang Jennifer , Wang Michael K. , Welters Ingeborg , Walkey Allan , Cuthbertson Brian
Published: November 2024

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia encountered in acute and critical illness and is associated with poor short and long-term outcomes. Given the consequences of developing AF, research into prevention, prediction and treatment of this arrhythmia in the critically ill are of great potential benefit, however, study of AF in critically ill patients faces unique challenges, leading to a sparse evidence base to guide management in this population. Major obstacles to the study of AF in acute and critical illness include absence of a common definition, challenges in designing studies that capture complex etiology and assess causality, lack of a clear outcome set, difficulites in recruitment in acute environments with respect to timing, consent, and workflow, and failure to embed studies into clinical care platforms and capitalize on emerging technologies. Collaborative effort by researchers, clinicians, and stakeholders should be undertaken to address these challenges, both through interdisciplinary cooperation for the optimization of research efficiency and advocacy to advance the understanding of this common and complex arrhythmia, resulting in improved patient care and outcomes. The Symposium on Atrial Fibrillation in Acute and Critical Care was convened to address some of these challenges and propose potential solutions.
Intergenerational impact of drought and famine on health systems in developing countries – symposium proceedings
Authors: Marambire Edson T. , Abdulahi Abdifatah , Wondie Awoke , Gize Addisu , Mekonnen Afework T. , Khadka Khim , Manhica Ivan , Quinn Nicole , Saiwal Nidhi , Mufune Tiza , Valiyakath Vahuka Q. , Froeschl Guenter
Published: November 2024

The 2024 edition of the One Health symposium explored the intergenerational health impacts of drought and famine in developing countries, with a focus on innovative strategies for resilience-building in healthcare infrastructures. Organized by students of the CIHLMU Center for International Health at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Germany, the event convened experts and participants from diverse backgrounds to address the urgent challenges posed by climate change-induced crises. Through presentations, panel discussions, and collaborative exchanges, the symposium underscored the profound health and socioeconomic implications of climate-related disasters, emphasizing the need for cross-sectoral cooperation and transformative action. Key recommendations emerged, including integrating climate change considerations into health systems, fostering multidisciplinary collaboration, and empowering communities to withstand future challenges. Despite the severity of the current situation, the symposium instilled optimism and determination among participants, inspiring a collective commitment to building a brighter and more resilient future for generations to come.
Emerging threat of artemisinin partial resistance markers (pfk13 mutations) in Plasmodium falciparum parasite populations in multiple geographical locations in high transmission regions of Uganda
Authors: Agaba Bosco B. , Travis Jye , Smith David , Rugera Simon P. , Zalwango Maria G. , Opigo Jimmy , Katureebe Charles , Mpirirwe Ruth , Bakary Dembo , Antonio Martin , Khalid Beshir , Ngonzi Joseph , Kamya Moses R. , Kaleebu Pontiano , Piot Peter , Cheng Qin
Published: November 2024

Background

Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is currently recommended for treatment of uncomplicated malaria. However, the emergence and spread of partial artemisinin resistance threatens their effectiveness for malaria treatment in sub-Saharan Africa where the burden of malaria is highest. Early detection and reporting of validated molecular markers (pfk13 mutations) in Plasmodium falciparum is useful for tracking the emergence and spread of partial artemisinin resistance to inform containment efforts.

Methods

Genomic surveillance was conducted at 50 surveillance sites across four regions of Uganda in Karamoja, Lango, Acholi and West Nile from June 2021 to August 2023. Symptomatic malaria suspected patients were recruited and screened for presence of parasites. In addition, dried blood spots (DBS) were collected for parasite genomic analysis with PCR and sequencing. Out of 563 available dried blood spots (DBS), a random subset of 240 P. falciparum mono-infections, confirmed by a multiplex PCR were selected and used for detecting the pfk13 mutations by Sanger sequencing using Big Dye Terminator method. Regional variations in the proportions of pfk13 mutations were assessed using the chi square or Fisher’s exact tests while Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare absolute parasite DNA levels between wild type and mutant parasites.

Results

Overall, 238/240 samples (99.2%) contained sufficient DNA and were successfully sequenced. Three mutations were identified within the sequenced samples; pfk13 C469Y in 32/238 (13.5%) samples, pfk13 A675V in 14/238 (5.9%) and pfk13 S522C in (1/238 (0.42%) samples across the four surveyed regions. The prevalence of pfk13 C469Y mutation was significantly higher in Karamoja region (23.3%) compared to other regions, P = 0.007. The majority of parasite isolates circulating in West Nile are of wild type (98.3), P = 0.002. Relative parasite DNA quantity did not differ in samples carrying the wild type, C469Y and A675V alleles (Kruskal–Wallis test, P = 0.6373).

Conclusion

Detection of validated molecular markers of artemisinin partial resistance in multiple geographical locations in this setting provides additional evidence of emerging threat of artemisinin partial resistance in Uganda. In view of these findings, periodic genomic surveillance is recommended to detect and monitor levels of pfk13 mutations in other regions in parallel with TES to assess potential implication on delayed parasite clearance and associated treatment failure in this setting. Future studies should consider identification of potential drivers of artemisinin partial resistance in the different malaria transmission settings in Uganda.
Comparative study of neutralizing antibodies titers in response to different types of COVID-19 vaccines among a group of egyptian healthcare workers
Authors: Maher Sara , Assaly Nihal M. El , Aly Doaa Mamdouh , Atta Shimaa , Fteah Asmaa Mohamed , Badawi Hala , Zahran Manal Youssef , Kamel Manal
Published: November 2024

Background

Defining the protective thresholds against the severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-related corona virus-2 pandemic is a crucial challenge. To reduce the risks of severe disease, hospitalization, and death, various COVID-19 vaccines have been rapidly developed.

Aim of the work

This study aimed to assess the impact of three common COVID-19 vaccine types; two mRNA COVID-19 vaccines: (Pfizer/BioNTech’s BNT162b2 and Moderna’s mRNA-1273), one adenoviral vector vaccine: Oxford/AstraZeneca’s ChAdOx1, and one inactivated vaccine (Sinovac Biotech/China’s Sinovac) on the level of neutralizing antibodies, considering factors such as vaccine type, demographic characteristics, and hybrid immunity. We conducted a direct comparative analysis involving 300 healthcare workers, both with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (B.1, C.36.3, and AY.32 (Delta) variants). Neutralizing antibodies levels were measured at baseline (before vaccination), before the second dose, and six months after the second dose.

Results

The results showed a significant increase in neutralizing antibodies levels after complete vaccination with all vaccine types. Among healthcare workers, those vaccinated with mRNA vaccines (Moderna or Pfizer) exhibited the highest neutralizing antibodies titers, followed by AstraZeneca, and finally Sinovac with the lowest titer. On studying the effect of previous COVID-19 infection after vaccination, no significant difference in neutralizing antibodies levels was observed between healthcare workers vaccinated with mRNA or AstraZeneca vaccines, both with prior COVID-19 infection, following the first and six months after the second dose.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that individuals with prior COVID-19 may only require a single dose of mRNA or AstraZeneca vaccines to achieve a similar level of immunization as those without prior COVID-19 who completed the vaccination program.

Highlights

There is a significant increase in neutralizing antibodies levels after complete vaccination against COVID-19

Vaccination with mRNA vaccines exhibits the highest neutralizing antibodies titers.

Vaccination with Sinovac exhibits the lowest neutralizing antibodies titers.

Graphical abstract
Pasteurella multocida from deep nasal swabs and tracheobronchial lavage in bovine calves from Sweden
Authors: Myrenås Mattias , Pringle Märit , Harbom Boel , Bengtsson Björn
Published: November 2024

Background

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is common in intensively raised cattle and is often treated with antibiotics. For practitioners, knowledge of the bacteria involved in an outbreak and their antibiotic susceptibility is warranted. To this end, samples from the upper or lower respiratory tract of calves can be submitted for bacteriological culture and susceptibility testing of relevant isolates. However, it is debated whether isolates from the upper respiratory tract are representative of bacteria causing infections in the lower respiratory tract. In this study, we used MALDI-TOF MS, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and core-genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) to compare culture results of 219 paired samples (sample pairs) of deep nasal swabs (DNS) and tracheobronchial lavage (TBL). The sample pairs came from 171 calves in 30 calf groups across 25 farms with 48 calves sampled twice.

Results

The predominant bacterial pathogen was Pasteurella multocida, which was isolated from 37.4% of DNS and 22.4% of TBL. There was no statistically significant difference in isolation frequency of P. multocida between calves considered healthy and those suspected for BRD for DNS (P = 0.778) or TBL (P = 0.410). Among the 49 sample pairs where P. multocida was isolated from TBL, the same species was isolated from DNS in 29 sample pairs (59.2%). Isolates from 28 of these sample pairs were evaluated by MLST, and in 24 pairs (86.0%) P. multocida from DNS and TBL were of the same sequence type (ST). Moreover, cgMLST showed that the genetic distance between isolates within 21 of the 28 sample pairs (75.0%), was less than two alleles, and DNS and TBL isolates were considered identical. In seven sample pairs (25%), the genetic distance was greater, and DNS and TBL isolates were considered nonidentical.

Conclusions

Pasteurella multocida was readily isolated from DNS and in calves where this species was isolated also from TBL, DNS and TBL isolates were identical in 75% of the sample pairs. This suggests that during an outbreak of BRD, submission of DNS samples from 4 to 6 calves could be a convenient approach for practitioners seeking guidance on P. multocida present in the lower respiratory tract and their antibiotic susceptibility.
Assessing the contributions of gender, clinical symptoms, and psychometric traits to non-suicidal self-injury behaviors in Chinese adolescents: a nomogram approach
Authors: Shen Guanghui , Li Cheng-Han , Ruan Qian-Nan , Xu Su , Yan Wen-Jing
Published: November 2024

Background

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviors among adolescents with mood disorders represent a significant global public health concern. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and identify key predictors of NSSI behaviors in Chinese adolescents diagnosed with depressive or bipolar disorders, addressing a critical gap in the literature.

Method

Data from 2343 participants in the Chinese Adolescent Depression Cohort (CADC) were analyzed. The study employed a comprehensive approach, utilizing medical records, clinical assessments, and validated psychometric instruments. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, logistic regression, and ROC curve analyses, culminating in the development of a predictive nomogram.

Results

The prevalence of NSSI behaviors was strikingly high at 73.32%. Significant predictors included female gender (AOR = 2.14, 95% CI [1.70, 2.68]), presence of hallucinations (AOR = 1.52, 95% CI [1.18, 1.97]), borderline personality features (AOR = 1.03, 95% CI [1.01, 1.08]), and childhood trauma (AOR = 1.02, 95% CI [1.01, 1.03]). The study’s key contribution is a predictive nomogram with an AUC of 0.74, demonstrating good efficacy in predicting NSSI behaviors.

Conclusion

This research reveals an alarmingly high prevalence of NSSI behaviors in Chinese adolescents with mood disorders and identifies critical predictors spanning demographic, clinical, and psychometric domains. The developed nomogram offers a novel approach for risk assessment, highlighting the importance of comprehensive evaluations in adolescent mental healthcare. These findings have significant implications for developing targeted interventions and improving risk assessment strategies in clinical practice.
Two distinct clinical progressions of P67phox-deficient CGD, both commencing with cervical lymphadenitis
Authors: Dong Lili , Zhang Lei , Xu Chunna , Guo Mingfa , Tang Yu , Shen Yuelin
Published: November 2024

We present two rare cases of p67phox-deficient chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) caused by compound heterozygous mutations in the NCF2 gene. They developed cervical lymphadenitis as the initial manifestation of CGD but had distinct clinical progressions. Patient 1 presented with aspergillous meningitis, an extremely rare manifestation of neurological involvement in CGD, which has not been reported before. Patient 2 presented with non-infectious inflammatory lymphadenitis is also very rare and has not been reported previously. These cases emphasize the importance of considering p67phox-deficient CGD in children with late-onset invasive fungal infections and non-infectious inflammatory lesions. Additionally, we also reviewed previous reports of Chinese patients with P67phox-Deficient CGD. Our objective is to raise awareness about the clinical, diagnostic, and genetic characteristics of P67phox-deficient CGD in China, to reduce misdiagnosis and improve the management and prognosis of the disease.
StreaMD: the toolkit for high-throughput molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Ivanova Aleksandra , Mokshyna Olena , Polishchuk Pavel
Published: November 2024

Molecular dynamics simulations serve as a prevalent approach for investigating the dynamic behaviour of proteins and protein–ligand complexes. Due to its versatility and speed, GROMACS stands out as a commonly utilized software platform for executing molecular dynamics simulations. However, its effective utilization requires substantial expertise in configuring, executing, and interpreting molecular dynamics trajectories. Existing automation tools are constrained in their capability to conduct simulations for large sets of compounds with minimal user intervention, or in their ability to distribute simulations across multiple servers. To address these challenges, we developed a Python-based tool that streamlines all phases of molecular dynamics simulations, encompassing preparation, execution, and analysis. This tool minimizes the required knowledge for users engaging in molecular dynamics simulations and can efficiently operate across multiple servers within a network or a cluster. Notably, the tool not only automates trajectory simulation but also facilitates the computation of free binding energies for protein–ligand complexes and generates interaction fingerprints across the trajectory. Our study demonstrated the applicability of this tool on several benchmark datasets. Additionally, we provided recommendations for end-users to effectively utilize the tool.

Scientific contribution

The developed tool, StreaMD, is applicable to different systems (proteins, ligands and their complexes including co-factors) and requires a little user knowledge to setup and run molecular dynamics simulations. Other features of StreaMD are seamless integration with calculation of MM-GBSA/PBSA binding free energies and protein-ligand interaction fingerprints, and running of simulations within distributed environments. All these will facilitate routine and massive molecular dynamics simulations.
Machine learning models including patient-reported outcome data in oncology: a systematic literature review and analysis of their reporting quality
Authors: Krepper Daniela , Cesari Matteo , Hubel Niclas J. , Zelger Philipp , Sztankay Monika J.
Published: November 2024

Purpose

To critically examine the current state of machine learning (ML) models including patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) scores in cancer research, by investigating the reporting quality of currently available studies and proposing areas of improvement for future use of ML in the field.

Methods

PubMed and Web of Science were systematically searched for publications of studies on patients with cancer applying ML models with PROM scores as either predictors or outcomes. The reporting quality of applied ML models was assessed utilizing an adapted version of the MI-CLAIM (Minimum Information about CLinical Artificial Intelligence Modelling) checklist. The key variables of the checklist are study design, data preparation, model development, optimization, performance, and examination. Reproducibility and transparency complement the reporting quality criteria.

Results

The literature search yielded 1634 hits, of which 52 (3.2%) were eligible. Thirty-six (69.2%) publications included PROM scores as a predictor and 32 (61.5%) as an outcome. Results of the reporting quality appraisal indicate a potential for improvement, especially in the areas of model examination. According to the standards of the MI-CLAIM checklist, the reporting quality of ML models in included studies proved to be low. Only nine (17.3%) publications present a discussion about the clinical applicability of the developed model and reproducibility and only three (5.8%) provide a code to reproduce the model and the results.

Conclusion

The herein performed critical examination of the status quo of the application of ML models including PROM scores in published oncological studies allowed the identification of areas of improvement for reporting and future use of ML in the field.
Role of copeptin as biomarker of volume overload in children with end-stage renal disease
Authors: Abdelhamid Nehal , Abdelmawla Mohamed A. , El-Sherbini Inji G. , Wahby Aliaa A. , Aboafya Zahraa I. , Abdelkader Mona
Published: November 2024

Background

Children who undergo dialysis may develop hypertension and cardiovascular morbidity as a result of fluid overload. The intravascular parameter is clinically relevant in children because it directly influences systemic blood pressure, cardiac output, and cardiovascular squeals. Optimum fluid management is still a chronic clinical challenge, despite recent advances in the care of children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus emit arginine vasopressin (AVP), a nonapeptide. It is secreted into the bloodstream by the pituitary gland in response to both osmotic and nonosmotic stimuli. Copeptin and AVP are released at equimolar concentrations. The aim of the study is to determine if copeptin, a surrogate marker of AVP, may be used to predict unfavorable outcomes, including chronic volume overload and its impact on hypertension and cardiovascular diseases in children undergoing dialysis.

Results

A cross-sectional study including 65 children: The mean age of the investigated patients was 10.79 ± 2.857 years, with 53% being male. The patient group had significantly greater mean blood levels of AVP and copeptin compared to the control group (P value = 0.0001). 45% of patients experienced cardiac issues, specifically left ventricular hypertrophy. Hypertensive patients accounted for 57%. The mean blood levels of AVP and copeptin were considerably greater in individuals with cardiac problems and hypertension.

Conclusions

Hemodynamics have a significant influence on cardiac function and hypertension in children receiving hemodialysis. Copeptin is a more appropriate biomarker for evaluating the effects of AVP on hypertension and cardiac problems in children with ESRD.
Does the placement of acetabular cups differ between right and left sides for a right-handed surgeon operating through a direct lateral approach? A comparative study
Authors: Khalifa Ahmed A. , Abdelaal Ahmed M.
Published: November 2024

Purpose

Although many factors were suggested to affect acetabular cup positioning during primary total hip arthroplasty, the effect of surgeon handedness was rarely evaluated. We aimed primarily to assess the difference in cup positioning (inclination and anteversion) between the right and left sides during primary THA. Secondly, to check the difference in the percentages of cups positioned in the safe zone for inclination and anteversion and if there will be a difference in cup positioning according to the type of cup fixation (cemented vs. cementless).

Methods

Cup inclination and anteversion of 420 THAs were radiographically evaluated retrospectively. THAs were performed by a senior right-handed surgeon, who operated through a direct lateral approach in a lateral decubitus position using manual instruments and freehand technique for cup placement. Patients were assigned to two groups: Group A (right, or dominant side), and Group B (left, or non-dominant side), with equal cases of THAs (n = 210) in each group.

Results

No difference was found in patients’ basic characteristics, preoperative diagnosis, and cup fixation (54.3% cemented and 45.7% cementless) between the two groups. There was a significant difference in cup inclination between Groups A and Group B (40.1° ± 6.3° vs. 38.2° ± 6.1°) (P = 0.002). No significant difference was revealed in anteversion between the two groups (11.7° ± 4.4° vs. 11.8° ± 4.7°) (P = 0.95). The percentage of cups located within the safe zone in terms of both inclination and anteversion was 85.2% vs. 83.8% and 69% vs. 73.3% for Group A and Group B, according to Lewinnek and Callahan’s safe zones, respectively. There existed a significant difference in the cemented cup inclination between Group A and Group B (40.8° ± 6.4° vs. 38.3° ± 6.3°) (P = 0.004).

Conclusion

Cup inclination is affected by the surgeon’s handedness when operating through a direct lateral approach and using a freehand technique, while anteversion is less affected. Furthermore, the difference is greater with cemented cups.
Functional and sensory evaluation of bread made from wheat flour fortified with wine byproducts
Authors: Muñoz-Bernal Óscar Adrián , Coria-Oliveros Alma Janeth , Vazquez-Flores Alma Angelica , Subiria-Cueto Carlos Rodrigo , De La Rosa Laura A. , de la Luz Reyes-Vega Maria , Rodrigo-García Joaquín , del Rocio Martinez-Ruiz Nina , Alvarez-Parrilla Emilio
Published: November 2024

Grape pomace is the main byproduct of the wine industry and an important source of dietary fiber and phenolic compounds. Grape pomace powder (GPP) partially substituted 8, 10, 12, 15, and 25% of the wheat flour in bread formulations. The proximate composition, total dietary fiber content, phenolic compounds, texture profile, color, and bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds in vitro were measured in the bread. Bread sensory acceptance by consumers was determined using a 9-point hedonic scale. Compared with the control bread (CB), the 8% GPB-substituted bread presented the best results and exhibited an increase in total protein content (7.5%) and total dietary fiber content (6.1%). The total phenolic content was greater in GPB (5.1 mg GAE/g) than in CB (2.1 mg GAE/g). Adding GPP to the bread affected the color, and the color of the GPB-treated bread was darker than that of the CB-treated bread. Still, no significant differences were detected regarding the texture profile or consumer sensory acceptance between the GPB-treated and CB-treated bread. The in vitro analysis of phenolic compound bioaccessibility revealed no differences between the two samples during gastrointestinal digestion. GPP is an interesting byproduct that can be used in bakery. The replacement of 8% of the bread with GPP increased the nutritional content of the bread, particularly the protein, total dietary fiber, and total phenolic content, without affecting the texture or sensory acceptance of the bread. To understand the possible beneficial effect of GPB on consumers, further research on the bioavailability of phenolic compounds and the impact of dietary fiber increment needs to be assessed.

Graphical Abstract
Digital health intervention for children with ADHD to improve mental health intervention, patient experiences, and outcomes: a study protocol
Authors: Herrera Nancy , Cibrian Franceli L. , Silva Lucas M. , Beltran Jesus Armando , Schuck Sabrina E. B. , Hayes Gillian R. , Lakes Kimberley D.
Published: November 2024

Background

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most prevalent childhood psychiatric condition with profound public health, personal, and family consequences. ADHD requires comprehensive treatment; however, lack of communication and integration across multiple points of care is a substantial barrier to progress. Given the chronic and pervasive challenges associated with ADHD, innovative approaches are crucial. We developed the digital health intervention (DHI)—CoolTaCo [Cool Technology Assisting Co-regulation] to address these critical barriers. CoolTaCo uses Patient-Centered Digital Healthcare Technologies (PC-DHT) to promote co-regulation (child/parent), capture patient data, support efficient healthcare delivery, enhance patient engagement, and facilitate shared decision-making, thereby improving access to timely and targeted mental health intervention for children at significant risk for poor outcomes. The present paper will describe our planned protocol to evaluate the efficacy of CoolTaCo via randomized control trial (RCT).

Methods/design

We will recruit 60 children (ages 8–12) with ADHD who will be randomized to either immediate (n = 30) or delayed (n = 30) treatment (i.e., a waitlist control group). Among those randomized to immediate treatment, half will be assigned to DHI (delivered via a smartwatch and smartphone application), the other half to an active control treatment as usual (TAU). Unlike the DHI group, the TAU group will receive the smartwatch with no assigned activities, applications, or interventions on the devices. The intervention period will last 16 weeks; after a participant has been in the delayed treatment group for 16 weeks and has completed the post-waiting period assessment, they will be randomly assigned to either the intervention or active control group. Thus, 30 participants will complete the intervention, and 30 will complete the active control, with half of the total sample completing a waitlist period.

Discussion

Individuals with ADHD have complex needs. Despite improvement in outcomes following cognitive behavioral therapies (CBT) and pharmaceutical treatment, long-term maintenance is a challenge often not addressed by traditional medical approaches, and, as we described, ineffective approaches to information sharing across points of care create further barriers to progress. Our research will fill a significant gap in translating early treatment investments and gains into long-term, sustainable outcomes.

This study was registered as a clinic trial at ClinicalTrials.gov (Digital Health Intervention for Children With ADHD, ID# NCT06456372) on 06/13/2024.
Focal mechanism determination by location-constrained deep learning: Application to microseismic monitoring
Authors: Tian Xiao , Chen Yichong , Zhang Xiong , Zhang Wei , Wang Xiangteng
Published: November 2024

Accurate and rapid determination of focal mechanism solutions is of great significance for real-time seismic monitoring. Previous deep-learning approaches for focal mechanism determination typically use waveform data, which are sensitive to the velocity model and inherently include information about the source location and focal mechanism. We introduce a location-constrained deep-learning algorithm for determining the focal mechanism for surface microseismic events. By using the aligned P-wave data along with azimuth and take-off angle as input, we narrow the solution space for the focal mechanism problem and reduce the dependence on the velocity model. The model is trained using 40,000 theoretical samples generated with the geometry and velocity model of the field data. Validation tests, comparisons with a waveform-based network, velocity perturbation tests, and location error tests are performed to demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of our method. After applying the trained model to field data, the results demonstrate that our method is fast and achieves accuracy comparable to HASH results for high-quality events, making our method promising for real-time microseismic monitoring.
A 4-year-old Boy Positive for Anti-rabphilin-3A Antibody and Diagnosed With Lymphocytic Infundibuloneurohypophysitis
Authors: Yamamoto Akiko , Komatsu Nagisa , Iwata Naoko , Fujisawa Haruki , Suzuki Atsushi , Sugimura Yoshihisa
Published: November 2024

Lymphocytic infundibuloneurohypophysitis (LINH) is a disease with an etiology involving an autoimmune mechanism, characterized by lymphocytic inflammation of the posterior pituitary and infundibular stalk, resulting in arginine vasopressin deficiency. It is difficult to distinguish from pituitary neoplasm or infiltrative diseases, and biopsy is necessary for a definitive diagnosis, but this is highly invasive. In children, it is especially important to distinguish LINH from tumors such as germ cell tumors. Recently, the usefulness of anti-rabphilin-3A antibody as a serum marker for LINH has been reported. To date, only a limited number of pediatric cases have been reported. We present a 4-year-old boy with arginine vasopressin deficiency. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head showed thickening of the pituitary stalk without a posterior pituitary bright spot, and anti-rabphilin-3A antibody was positive. Consequently, pituitary biopsy was not performed because of the strong suspicion of LINH. Five months after symptom onset, the pituitary stalk thickening had resolved. This case represents the first report of probable or definitive LINH with anti-rabphilin-3A antibody positivity in a 4-year-old child, making it the youngest positive case reported to date. Our case highlights the importance of noninvasive approaches and careful follow-up to avoid invasive interventions for children with LINH.
Συλλογές θεραπευτικών κειμένων σε κώδικες του 14ου αιώνα
Authors: Χρήστου Λαμπρινή
Published: November 2024

Το θέμα της παρούσας διδακτορικής διατριβής είναι η κριτική έκδοση και ο μερικός σχολιασμός τριών χειρογράφων που χρονολογούνται στον 14ο αιώνα και ανήκουν στην κατηγορία των ιατρικών. Τα δύο από τα τρία παραδίδουν το ίδιο κείμενο και τα αποδίδουμε σε κάποιον ψευδο-Μυρεψό λόγω της σύνδεσης του περιεχομένου τους με το Δυναμερό του Νικολάου Μυρεψού και το τρίτο αποδίδεται σε κάποιον Κάλλιστο. Ως προς το περιεχόμενό τους έχουν κοινά στοιχεία τόσο με τον Μυρεψό αλλά, και με έργα συγγραφέων όπως, ο Αλέξανδρος Τράλλεων, ο Αέτιος ο Αμιδηνός, ο Αίλιος Πρωμότος, ο Γαληνός, ο Ορειβάσιος και ο Αρχιγένης, ενώ υπάρχουν και συνταγές που δεν παραδίδονται από κάποια άλλη πηγή πέρα από αυτούς τους τρεις κώδικες. Για να εμβαθύνουμε ωστόσο στα κείμενα αυτά καθαυτά προχωρήσαμε σε μια ιστορική αναδρομή γύρω από θέματα, όπως η εξέλιξη του συστήματος υγείας και η αντίληψη γύρω από την αντιμετώπιση των ασθενειών στο Βυζάντιο από τον 4ο έως τον 13ο αιώνα. Σημαντικό μέρος της εξέλιξης αυτής αποτέλεσαν οι ξενῶνες, ιδρύματα που παρείχαν ιατρική περίθαλψη, ενώ δόθηκαν αντιπροσωπευτικά παραδείγματα ξενώνων ώστε να γίνει αντιληπτός ο πυρήνας δημιουργίας και συνάμα χρήσης των αντιδοταρίων. Επιπλέον, αυτό στο οποίο αφιερώθηκε αρκετός χώρος στην εργασία είναι η καταγραφή των φυτικών, ζωικών και ανόργανων στοιχείων που χρησιμοποιούνται στις συνταγές, αλλά και αναφορές σε κάποιες φαρμακολογικές μελέτες, in vitro και in vivo πειράματα για τις θεραπευτικές ιδιότητες κάποιων από αυτά. Σκοπός της διδακτορικής αυτής διατριβής είναι να ενταχθούν τα κείμενα που μελετήθηκαν στο ευρύ δίκτυο των αντιδοταρίων, να γίνει αντιληπτή η σύνδεσή τους με προγενέστερη θεωρία όπως εκείνη του Διοσκουρίδη και να τονιστεί η μοναδικότητα και σπουδαιότητά τους μέσω του περιεχομένου τους.
Case-based learning in undergraduate orthodontic education: A cross sectional study
Authors: Shafique Asma , Ur Rehman Asad , Ibnerasa Shazia , Glanville Rebecca , Ali Kamran
Published: November 2024

Introduction Student centric learning approaches have been reported to be effective in introducing higher order cognitive skills required by the health professionals. However, learners’ perceptions must be constructively aligned with new learning interventions to achieve a positive impact on their learning. The aim of this study was to explore the learning experiences of undergraduate dental students with case-based learning in orthodontics. Methods A case-based learning model was introduced on orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning for final year students on a Bachelor of Dentistry programme toward the end of their academic year. A survey was conducted to explore the perceptions and experiences of the participants. The research instrument was based on a previously validated questionnaire and included information on demographics and consisted of 12 items aimed at evaluating the benefits and challenges of cased based learning. Results All 67 students in the final-year cohort participated in study, yielding a response rate of 100 percent. Participants across the board perceived CBL to be an effective strategy to learn the subject content and helpful in improving the students’ skills in orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning and team-working. CBL did not pose any significant challenges or barriers to student learning. Conclusion Participants reported high acceptance of CBL in orthodontic teaching and learning and a positive impact on their educational experiences. CBL was perceived to be an appropriate strategy to enhance the diagnostic, treatment planning and team-working skills of dental students.
The genome sequence of the Large Beech Piercer moth, Cydia fagiglandana (Zeller, 1841)
Authors: Boyes Douglas , Hutchinson Finley , Crowley Liam M. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: November 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Cydia fagiglandana (Large Beech Piercer; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Tortricidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 555.10 megabases. Most of the assembly (99.91%) is scaffolded into 28 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 16.1 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 16,783 protein-coding genes.
The genome sequence of the Clouded Drab moth, Orthosia incerta Hufnagel, 1766
Authors: Hammond James , Holland Peter W.H. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: November 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Orthosia incerta (the Clouded Drab; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 946.20 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 29 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.36 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 22,327 protein-coding genes.
Excursionism: kamianets-podilskyi as an object of tourist interest
Authors: Shorobura I. , Hutsal L.
Published: November 2024

Kamianets-Podilskyi is due to several key aspects: historical and cultural heritage, development of tourist routes, educational component, promotion of the region, ecological tourism, socio-economic development. The Kamianets-Podilskyi fortress has witnessed numerous historical events that influenced the formation of Ukrainian statehood. Today, the fortress is a popular tourist attraction that contributes to the development of the local economy and the popularisation of Ukrainian history. Studying the Kamianets-Podilskyi Fortress in the course of excursion studies not only enriches knowledge about history and architecture, but also helps to develop skills in organising excursions.
BOOKTUBERS, BOOKTOKERS E O LETRAMENTO LITERÁRIO: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA EM TORNO DESSAS TECNOLOGIAS PARA A EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Melo Junior Muriel Prado de , Lima Maria Luceli  Sousa da Silva , Karlo-Gomes Geam
Published: November 2024

As novas tecnologias possibilitaram ambientes virtuais interativos, que promovem a construção coletiva do conhecimento, tornando o aprendizado mais igualitário. Atualmente, os estudantes têm a oportunidade de se envolver com a literatura para além do ambiente escolar. Considerando esse contexto de inserção da literatura na escola em interação com componentes da cibercultura, este estudo tem como objetivo investigar pesquisas científicas sobre a recorrência dos booktubers e booktokers como estratégia para o letramento literário no Ensino Médio. Em relação à metodologia, fundamenta-se em uma revisão integrativa de literatura, um método qualitativo dinâmico voltado para explorar alternativas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. A investigação foi fundamentada em diversos autores, como Jenkins (2009), para examinar a cultura de convergência; Jeffman (2017), para investigar a temática dos booktubers; Cosson (2021), para discutir conceitos relacionados ao letramento literário; Chartier (1988), para analisar a história cultural no contexto de práticas e representações; e na Base Nacional Comum Curricular - BNCC (Brasil, 2018), para obter diretrizes sobre o ensino de língua portuguesa no Ensino Médio. Como resultado, houve a análise de 11 obras científicas que mostram que os booktubers e booktokers proporcionam uma conexão entre leitores e produtores de conteúdo literário acessarem resenhas e críticas para orientar suas escolhas de leitura. Essa abordagem visa estimular discussões literárias e elevar o letramento literário. Assim, a implementação de uma educação literária inclusiva e participativa, é possível por meio da colaboração entre educadores, mediadores de leitura, instituições educacionais e comunidades virtuais.
O USO DE CRITÉRIOS DA TEXTUALIDADE NA LEITURA E NA PRODUÇÃO DE TEXTOS MULTISSEMIÓTICOS DIGITAIS
Authors: Vilaça Cynthia , Evaristo Jefferson
Published: November 2024

Este artigo traz reflexões a respeito das noções de texto e textualidade, e de suas implicações para o desenvolvimento de habilidades de leitura e de produção de textos constituídos por diferentes semioses. Discutimos os sete critérios de textualidade apontados incialmente por Beaugrande e Dressler (1981) e apresentamos uma proposta de revisão desses critérios. Considerando o cenário atual de popularização dos meios de comunicação de natureza digital e de acesso à internet, que vêm sendo acompanhados pela democratização da autoria, reconhecemos o uso de artefatos e recursos tecnológicos digitais como imprescindível para o trabalho do professor que tem o texto como unidade de trabalho. Logo, a fim de contribuir com o aprimoramento da prática docente e evidenciar a relação entre tecnologia digital e interação humana, sugerimos duas atividades de leitura e produção de textos multissemióticos digitais a partir de três critérios que consideramos fundamentais para qualificar um conteúdo como texto.
Optimal Path Calculation for Multi-ring Based Packet–Optical Transport Networks
Authors: Kim Hyuncheol
Published: November 2024

Multi-domain optical transport networks are inherently non-interoperable and require integrated orchestration and path provisioning mechanisms at the network-wide level. Moreover, ensuring the network’s survivability is a critical issue. While the MPLS-TP (multi-protocol label switching-transport profile) defines various protection and recovery mechanisms as standards, it does not address methods for calculating and selecting protection and recovery paths. Therefore, an algorithm is needed to calculate and set up paths to ensure quick protection and recovery across the entire integrated network, minimizing conflicts in protection and recovery at the packet optical integrated network level. In this paper, we proposed an algorithm that calculates and sets a path that enables rapid protection and recovery in an MPLS-TP network composed of a multi-ring-mesh topology. To this end, this study proposes the concept of a transparent node (T-node) for calculating link-disjoint SPF (shortest path first) in a multi-ring network with dual or more rings. A T-node is a node in a ring with more than a dual ring and indicates that the node has been used once in route calculation. Therefore, during path calculation, a T-node can be used as a source node and an intermediate node but not as a destination node.
Research on Quantum Key, Distribution Key and Post-quantum Cryptography Key Applied Protocols for Data Science and Web Security
Authors: Shim Kyu-Seok , Kim Boseon , Lee Wonhyuk
Published: November 2024

Currently, data security is one of the most concerning research topics. The traditional RSA encryption system has become vulnerable to quantum algorithms such as Grover and Shor, leading to the development of new security systems for the quantum. As a result, quantum cryptography is gaining importance as a key element of future communication security. This study focuses on quantum key distribution protocols for data quantum encryption, aiming to achieve quantum robustness in all stages of quantum cryptography communication processes. Quantum cryptography communication requires robust quantum encryption not only between end-nodes but also between all components. Therefore, this study demonstrates the process of end-to-end data quantum encryption and proves the overall quantum robustness in this process.
Implementation of Sports Science and Technology Integration Infrastructure: A Case Study of Speed Skating Utilizing Web and Mobile Applications, and Information Visualization Technologies
Authors: Kim Minkyu , Park Soojung
Published: November 2024

In the field of sports, there is an active discussion on and an attempt to apply technologies that integrate sports with cutting-edge science and technology for the purpose of enhancing athletic performance. In line with this trend, South Korea is supporting research on the fusion of sports and science technology at an interdepartmental level. For the improvement of performance in elite sports, it is important to consider the athlete’s skills, the coach’s information analysis, the scientification of equipment, and the environmental optimization. Accordingly, this study aims to propose web and mobile app technologies to establish an integrated infrastructure of sports science and technology for the three factors of athletes, equipment, and environment to improve the performance of speed skating. Furthermore, it aims to make policy recommendations to activate this integration. The application of such technologies and policy recommendations can be transferred and organically integrated into other sports, including track and field, which are time-based competitions. Additionally, it is expected that this approach will lead to the formation of new theories that consider the emotional aspects occurring in sports situations.