bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Table S3 from Phase II Study of Docetaxel and Trametinib in Patients with KRAS Mutation Positive Recurrent Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC; SWOG S1507, NCT-02642042)
Authors: Gadgeel Shirish M. , Miao Jieling , Riess Jonathan W. , Moon James , Mack Philip C. , Gerstner Gregory J. , Burns Timothy F. , Taj Asma , Akerley Wallace L. , Dragnev Konstantin H. , Laudi Noel , Redman Mary W. , Gray Jhanelle E. , Gandara David R. , Kelly Karen
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Table 3. Patient Characteristics for those with and without assay results
Supplementary Table S2 from Phase II Study of Docetaxel and Trametinib in Patients with KRAS Mutation Positive Recurrent Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC; SWOG S1507, NCT-02642042)
Authors: Gadgeel Shirish M. , Miao Jieling , Riess Jonathan W. , Moon James , Mack Philip C. , Gerstner Gregory J. , Burns Timothy F. , Taj Asma , Akerley Wallace L. , Dragnev Konstantin H. , Laudi Noel , Redman Mary W. , Gray Jhanelle E. , Gandara David R. , Kelly Karen
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Table 2. Representativeness of Study Participants
Supplementary Figure S3 from HLA Class II Loss and JAK1/2 Deficiency Coevolve in Melanoma Leading to CD4 T-cell and IFNγ Cross-Resistance
Authors: Stupia Simone , Heeke Christina , Brüggemann Alicia , Zaremba Anne , Thier Beatrice , Kretz Julia , Sucker Antje , Philip Manuel , Zelinskyy Gennadiy , Ferrone Soldano , Roesch Alexander , Horn Susanne , Hadaschik Eva , Schadendorf Dirk , Trilling Mirko , Dittmer Ulf , Griewank Klaus , Zhao Fang , Paschen Annette
Published: June 2023

ConstHLA-II melanoma cells lack endogenous interferon expression
Supplementary Figure S2 from HLA Class II Loss and JAK1/2 Deficiency Coevolve in Melanoma Leading to CD4 T-cell and IFNγ Cross-Resistance
Authors: Stupia Simone , Heeke Christina , Brüggemann Alicia , Zaremba Anne , Thier Beatrice , Kretz Julia , Sucker Antje , Philip Manuel , Zelinskyy Gennadiy , Ferrone Soldano , Roesch Alexander , Horn Susanne , Hadaschik Eva , Schadendorf Dirk , Trilling Mirko , Dittmer Ulf , Griewank Klaus , Zhao Fang , Paschen Annette
Published: June 2023

Homogeneous HLA-I and PD-L1 expression in consecutive melanoma samples from patient Ma-Mel-61
Data from HLA class II loss and JAK1/2 deficiency coevolve in melanoma leading to CD4 T cell and IFNγ cross-resistance
Authors: Stupia Simone , Heeke Christina , Brüggemann Alicia , Zaremba Anne , Thier Beatrice , Kretz Julia , Sucker Antje , Philip Manuel , Zelinskyy Gennadiy , Ferrone Soldano , Roesch Alexander , Horn Susanne , Hadaschik Eva , Schadendorf Dirk , Trilling Mirko , Dittmer Ulf , Griewank Klaus , Zhao Fang , Paschen Annette
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Recent studies have demonstrated HLA class II (HLA-II)-dependent killing of melanoma cells by cytotoxic CD4 T cells. We investigated evolution of HLA-II-loss tumors that escape cytotoxic CD4 T cell activity and contribute to immunotherapy resistance. Experimental Design: Melanoma cells from longitudinal metastases were studied for constitutive and interferon-inducible HLA-II expression, sensitivity towards autologous CD4 T cells, and immune evasion by HLA-II loss. Clinical significance of HLA-II-low tumors was determined by analysis of transcriptomic data sets from patients with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Results: Analysis of longitudinal samples revealed strong inter-metastatic heterogeneity in melanoma cell-intrinsic HLA-II expression and subclonal HLA-II loss. Tumor cells from early lesions either constitutively expressed HLA-II, sensitizing to cytotoxic CD4 T cells, or induced HLA-II and gained CD4 T cell sensitivity in the presence of IFNγ. In contrast, late outgrowing subclones displayed a stable CD4 T cell-resistant HLA-II-loss phenotype. These cells lacked not only constitutive but also IFNγ-inducible HLA-II due to JAK1/2-STAT1 pathway inactivation. Coevolution of JAK1/2 deficiency and HLA-II loss established melanoma cross-resistance to IFNγ and CD4 T cells, as detected in distinct stage IV metastases. In line with their immune-evasive phenotype, HLA-II-low melanomas showed reduced CD4 T cell infiltrates and correlated with disease progression under ICB. Conclusions: Our study links melanoma resistance to CD4 T cells, IFNγ, and ICB at the level of HLA-II, highlighting the significance of tumor cell-intrinsic HLA-II antigen presentation in disease control and calling for strategies to overcome its downregulation for improvement of patient outcome
Data from HLA Class II Loss and JAK1/2 Deficiency Coevolve in Melanoma Leading to CD4 T-cell and IFNγ Cross-Resistance
Authors: Stupia Simone , Heeke Christina , Brüggemann Alicia , Zaremba Anne , Thier Beatrice , Kretz Julia , Sucker Antje , Philip Manuel , Zelinskyy Gennadiy , Ferrone Soldano , Roesch Alexander , Horn Susanne , Hadaschik Eva , Schadendorf Dirk , Trilling Mirko , Dittmer Ulf , Griewank Klaus , Zhao Fang , Paschen Annette
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurpose:
Recent studies have demonstrated HLA class II (HLA-II)–dependent killing of melanoma cells by cytotoxic CD4 T cells. We investigated evolution of HLA-II–loss tumors that escape cytotoxic CD4 T-cell activity and contribute to immunotherapy resistance.
Experimental Design:
Melanoma cells from longitudinal metastases were studied for constitutive and IFN-inducible HLA-II expression, sensitivity towards autologous CD4 T cells, and immune evasion by HLA-II loss. Clinical significance of HLA-II–low tumors was determined by analysis of transcriptomic data sets from patients with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB).
Results:
Analysis of longitudinal samples revealed strong intermetastatic heterogeneity in melanoma cell–intrinsic HLA-II expression and subclonal HLA-II loss. Tumor cells from early lesions either constitutively expressed HLA-II, sensitizing to cytotoxic CD4 T cells, or induced HLA-II and gained CD4 T-cell sensitivity in the presence of IFNγ. In contrast, late outgrowing subclones displayed a stable CD4 T-cell–resistant HLA-II–loss phenotype. These cells lacked not only constitutive but also IFNγ-inducible HLA-II due to JAK1/2-STAT1 pathway inactivation. Coevolution of JAK1/2 deficiency and HLA-II loss established melanoma cross-resistance to IFNγ and CD4 T cells, as detected in distinct stage IV metastases. In line with their immune-evasive phenotype, HLA-II–low melanomas showed reduced CD4 T-cell infiltrates and correlated with disease progression under ICB.
Conclusions:
Our study links melanoma resistance to CD4 T cells, IFNγ, and ICB at the level of HLA-II, highlighting the significance of tumor cell–intrinsic HLA-II antigen presentation in disease control and calling for strategies to overcome its downregulation for improvement of patient outcome.
Data from Phase II Study of Docetaxel and Trametinib in Patients with KRAS Mutation Positive Recurrent Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC; SWOG S1507, NCT-02642042)
Authors: Gadgeel Shirish M. , Miao Jieling , Riess Jonathan W. , Moon James , Mack Philip C. , Gerstner Gregory J. , Burns Timothy F. , Taj Asma , Akerley Wallace L. , Dragnev Konstantin H. , Laudi Noel , Redman Mary W. , Gray Jhanelle E. , Gandara David R. , Kelly Karen
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurpose:
Efficacy of MEK inhibitors in KRAS+ NSCLC may differ based on specific KRAS mutations and comutations. Our hypothesis was that docetaxel and trametinib would improve activity in KRAS+ NSCLC and specifically in KRAS G12C NSCLC.
Patients and Methods:
S1507 is a single-arm phase II study assessing the response rate (RR) with docetaxel plus trametinib in recurrent KRAS+ NSCLC and secondarily in the G12C subset. The accrual goal was 45 eligible patients, with at least 25 with G12C mutation. The design was two-stage design to rule out a 17% RR, within the overall population at the one-sided 3% level and within the G12C subset at the 5% level.
Results:
Between July 18, 2016, and March 15, 2018, 60 patients were enrolled with 53 eligible and 18 eligible in the G12C cohort. The RR was 34% [95% confidence interval (CI), 22–48] overall and 28% (95% CI, 10–53) in G12C. Median PFS and OS were 4.1 and 3.3 months and 10.9 and 8.8 months, overall and in the subset, respectively. Common toxicities were fatigue, diarrhea, nausea, rash, anemia, mucositis, and neutropenia. Among 26 patients with known status for TP53 (10+ve) and STK11 (5+ve), OS (HR, 2.85; 95% CI, 1.16–7.01), and RR (0% vs. 56%, P = 0.004) were worse in patients with TP53 mutated versus wild-type cancers.
Conclusions:
RRs were significantly improved in the overall population. Contrary to preclinical studies, the combination showed no improvement in efficacy in G12C patients. Comutations may influence therapeutic efficacy of KRAS directed therapies and are worthy of further evaluation.
Gold Nanostars Obviate Limitations to Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy (LITT) for the Treatment of Intracranial Tumors
Authors: Srinivasan Ethan S. , Liu Yang , Odion Ren A. , Chongsathidkiet Pakawat , Wachsmuth Lucas P. , Haskell-Mendoza Aden P. , Edwards Ryan M. , Canning Aidan J. , Willoughby Gavin , Hinton Joseph , Norton Stephen J. , Lascola Christopher D. , Maccarini Paolo F. , Mariani Christopher L. , Vo-Dinh Tuan , Fecci Peter E.
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is an effective minimally invasive treatment option for intracranial tumors. Our group produced plasmonics-active gold nanostars (GNS) designed to preferentially accumulate within intracranial tumors and amplify the ablative capacity of LITT.

Experimental Design:

The impact of GNS on LITT coverage capacity was tested in ex vivo models using clinical LITT equipment and agarose gel–based phantoms of control and GNS-infused central “tumors.” In vivo accumulation of GNS and amplification of ablation were tested in murine intracranial and extracranial tumor models followed by intravenous GNS injection, PET/CT, two-photon photoluminescence, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), histopathology, and laser ablation.

Results:

Monte Carlo simulations demonstrated the potential of GNS to accelerate and specify thermal distributions. In ex vivo cuboid tumor phantoms, the GNS-infused phantom heated 5.5× faster than the control. In a split-cylinder tumor phantom, the GNS-infused border heated 2× faster and the surrounding area was exposed to 30% lower temperatures, with margin conformation observed in a model of irregular GNS distribution. In vivo, GNS preferentially accumulated within intracranial tumors on PET/CT, two-photon photoluminescence, and ICP-MS at 24 and 72 hours and significantly expedited and increased the maximal temperature achieved in laser ablation compared with control.

Conclusions:

Our results provide evidence for use of GNS to improve the efficiency and potentially safety of LITT. The in vivo data support selective accumulation within intracranial tumors and amplification of laser ablation, and the GNS-infused phantom experiments demonstrate increased rates of heating, heat contouring to tumor borders, and decreased heating of surrounding regions representing normal structures.
Functional Genetic Variants in TGFβ1 and TGFβR1 in miRNA-Binding Sites Predict Outcomes in Patients with HPV-positive Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Niu Zihao , Sun Peng , Liu Hongliang , Wei Peng , Wu Jia , Huang Zhigang , Gross Neil D. , Shete Sanjay , Wei Qingyi , Zafereo Mark E. , Calin George A. , Li Guojun
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

TGFβ1 and TGFβ receptor 1 (TGFβR1) participate in regulation of the host's immune system and inflammatory responses and may serve as prognostic biomarkers for human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC).

Experimental Design:

This study included 1,013 patients with incident OPSCC, of whom 489 had tumor HPV16 status determined. All patients were genotyped for two functional polymorphisms: TGFβ1 rs1800470 and TGFβR1 rs334348. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were performed to evaluate associations between the polymorphisms and overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and disease-free survival (DFS).

Results:

Patients with TGFβ1 rs1800470 CT or CC genotype had 70%–80% reduced risks of OS, DSS, and DFS compared with patients with TT genotype, and patients with TGFβR1 rs334348 GA or GG genotype had 30%–40% reduced risk of OS, DSS, and DFS compared with patients with AA genotype. Furthermore, among patients with HPV-positive (HPV+) OPSCC, the same patterns were observed but the risk reductions were greater: up to 80%–90% for TGFβ1 rs1800470 CT or CC genotype and 70%–85% for TGFβR1 rs334348 GA or GG genotype. The risk reductions were still greater (up to 17 to 25 times reduced) for patients with both TGFβ1 rs1800470 CT or CC genotype and TGFβR1 rs334348 GA or GG genotype compared with patients with both TGFβ1 rs1800470 TT genotype and TGFβR1 rs334348 AA genotype among patients with HPV+ OPSCC.

Conclusions:

Our findings indicate that TGFβ1 rs1800470 and TGFβR1 rs334348 may individually or jointly modify risks of death and recurrence in patients with OPSCC, particularly those with HPV+ OPSCC undergoing definitive radiotherapy, and may serve as prognostic biomarkers, which could lead to better personalized treatment and improved prognosis.
Table S4 from An African-Specific Variant of TP53 Reveals PADI4 as a Regulator of p53-Mediated Tumor Suppression
Authors: Indeglia Alexandra , Leung Jessica C. , Miller Sven A. , Leu Julia I-Ju , Dougherty James F. , Clarke Nicole L. , Kirven Nicole A. , Shao Chunlei , Ke Lei , Lovell Scott , Barnoud Thibaut , Lu David Y. , Lin Cindy , Kannan Toshitha , Battaile Kevin P. , Yang Tyler Hong Loong , Batista Oliva Isabela , Claiborne Daniel T. , Vogel Peter , Liu Lijun , Liu Qin , Nefedova Yulia , Cassel Joel , Auslander Noam , Kossenkov Andrew V. , Karanicolas John , Murphy Maureen E.
Published: June 2023

Extra crystallographic data for p53Y107H.
Table S3 from An African-Specific Variant of TP53 Reveals PADI4 as a Regulator of p53-Mediated Tumor Suppression
Authors: Indeglia Alexandra , Leung Jessica C. , Miller Sven A. , Leu Julia I-Ju , Dougherty James F. , Clarke Nicole L. , Kirven Nicole A. , Shao Chunlei , Ke Lei , Lovell Scott , Barnoud Thibaut , Lu David Y. , Lin Cindy , Kannan Toshitha , Battaile Kevin P. , Yang Tyler Hong Loong , Batista Oliva Isabela , Claiborne Daniel T. , Vogel Peter , Liu Lijun , Liu Qin , Nefedova Yulia , Cassel Joel , Auslander Noam , Kossenkov Andrew V. , Karanicolas John , Murphy Maureen E.
Published: June 2023

Oligos for ChIP-qPCR and qPCR used in this study
Supplementary Figures S1-S8 from An African-Specific Variant of TP53 Reveals PADI4 as a Regulator of p53-Mediated Tumor Suppression
Authors: Indeglia Alexandra , Leung Jessica C. , Miller Sven A. , Leu Julia I-Ju , Dougherty James F. , Clarke Nicole L. , Kirven Nicole A. , Shao Chunlei , Ke Lei , Lovell Scott , Barnoud Thibaut , Lu David Y. , Lin Cindy , Kannan Toshitha , Battaile Kevin P. , Yang Tyler Hong Loong , Batista Oliva Isabela , Claiborne Daniel T. , Vogel Peter , Liu Lijun , Liu Qin , Nefedova Yulia , Cassel Joel , Auslander Noam , Kossenkov Andrew V. , Karanicolas John , Murphy Maureen E.
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Figure S1. The Y107H variant of p53 is comparable to WT p53 for growth suppression and apoptosis.
Supplementary Figure S2. The Y107H variant is impaired for transactivation of a subset of p53 target genes, including PADI4, PLTP, and HHAT.
Supplementary Figure S3. The Y107H protein is impaired for binding to p53 response elements.
Supplementary Figure S4. Structural analysis of the Y107H variant shows similar structure but decreased thermal stability and increased propensity to misfold into mutant p53 conformation.
Supplementary Figure S5. Mice with the Y107H variant have increased cancer risk.
Supplementary Figure S6. Colorectal cancer cells harboring hypomorphic variants have increased sensitivity to the glutaminase inhibitor CB-839.
Supplementary Figure S7. PADI4 is a p53 target and has tumor suppressive activity.
Supplementary Figure S8. PADI4 correlates with increased immune signatures and wild-type p53 in human cancers.
Effects of Psychotherapy on Glutamatergic Neurotransmission
Authors: Wade-Bohleber Laura , Zoelch Niklaus , Lehmann Mick , Ernst Jutta , Richter André , Seifritz Erich , Boeker Heinz , Grimm Simone
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Psychodynamic psychotherapy is an effective and widely used treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD); however, little is known about neurobiological changes associated with induced symptom improvement. Methods: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy with a two-dimensional J-resolved sequence served to test the relationship between glutamate (Glu) and glutamine (Gln) levels, measured separately in pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC) and the anterior midcingulate cortex (aMCC) as a control region, with change in depression symptoms after 6 months of weekly psychodynamic psychotherapy sessions in MDD patients. Depressed (N = 45) and healthy (N = 30) subjects participated in a baseline proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurement and a subgroup of MDD subjects (N = 21) then received once-a-week psychodynamic psychotherapy and participated in a second proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurement after 6 months. Change in depression symptoms was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD). Results: Higher pretreatment pgACC Gln concentrations in MDD patients compared to healthy controls were associated with symptom severity. Patients and controls did not differ regarding Gln levels in aMCC nor regarding Glu levels in both regions. The association of pgACC Gln concentration and severity of depressive symptoms was reversed after 6 months of psychotherapy in MDD subjects. Regarding Gln in aMCC as well as Glu in both regions, there were no significant associations with improvement of depressive symptoms in the course of psychotherapy. Discussion: Findings indicate specific regional effects of psychodynamic psychotherapy on glutamatergic neurotransmission and thereby highlight the key role of the pgACC in both depression pathophysiology and recovery.
Perinatal Risk Factors in Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Dubai: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Adamjee Burhani Hussein , Hussain Sara , Lakshmanan Jeyaseelan , Albanna Ammar
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by deficits in social-emotional reciprocity and associated behavioral symptoms. The goal of this study was to examine perinatal risk factors for ASD and their correlates in a tertiary care hospital in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE). Methods: We conducted a case-control study of 87 children diagnosed with ASD using the DSM-5 criteria, who were born between 1999 and 2014, and diagnosed between 2014 and 2016, and 134 age- and gender-matched control subjects. Data were collected from hospital medical records. Associations between ASD and maternal, birth, and neonatal risk factors were examined using logistic regression analysis. Results: Maternal fever was associated with ASD (p = 0.018), with 0% in the control group and 5% in the cases. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a trend for an association between high birthweight (>4,000 g) and ASD (95% CI: 0.76–59.93, p = 0.086). Conclusion: The data affirmed the established gender difference of approximately four males to one female and supported previous findings associating ASD with prematurity. Larger representative studies are further required to explore risk factors for ASD in the UAE.
Serotonin Receptors and Acetylcholinesterase Gene Expression Alternations: The Potential Value on Tumor Microenvironment of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Abedini Fatemeh , Amjadi Omolbanin , Hedayatizadeh-Omran Akbar , Lira Sergio A , Ahangari Ghasem
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Gastric cancer is one of the common causes of cancer-related death in the world. Neurotransmitters have recently been related to the proliferation of cancer cells, but the role of neurotransmitters in the progression of gastric cancer is still unexplored. The cross-talk between the nervous system and immune cells through serotonin and its receptors in the tumor microenvironment can impact tumor progress. Our purpose is to expose probable changes in serotonin receptors, acetylcholinesterase, and monoamine oxidase A gene expression in gastric cancer. Methods: Transcript of serotonin receptors (5-HTR2A, 5-HTR2B, 5-HTR3A, 5-HTR7) and monoamine oxidase A genes in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (40 patients and 40 control) and tissue (21 tumors and 21 normal adjacent tissues) were assessed. The gene expression was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR using suitable primers. Statistical analysis was performed using appropriate software (REST, Prism). Results: Significantly higher amounts of 5-HTR2A, 5-HTR2B, 5-HTR3A, 5-HTR7, and acetylcholinesterase gene transcripts were found in the peripheral blood of gastric cancer patients compared with healthy individuals. The expression of 5-HTR2B and 5-HTR3A genes was significantly higher (p = 0.0250, p = 0.0005, respectively) and the acetylcholinesterase gene was lower in the tissue of patients (p = 0.0119) compared with adjacent normal tissue. Conclusion: This study highlights the role of serotonin receptors in gastric cancer that might have suggestions for the development of novel therapeutics and defensive approaches that target factors associated with the link between the nervous system, cancer cells, and the tumor microenvironment.
Systemic Vasculitis and Its Association with the Eye
Authors: Carreño Ester , Olivas-Vergara Otto M
Published: June 2023

Vasculitis is a group of diseases characterized by the inflammation of the blood vessel walls. They are classified according to the size of the main vessel involved: large vessel, medium vessel, and small vessel vasculitis. Ophthalmic manifestations are quite common in most of these diseases. Episcleritis and scleritis are the most prevalent manifestation of vasculitis. However, there are certain ocular features characteristic of specific vasculitis entities. Given the severity and potential life-threat of these diseases, knowledge of the ocular manifestations is mandatory for the ophthalmologists.
Incidence of Stroke in the Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal Populations of Australia: A Data Linkage Study
Authors: Balabanski Anna H. , Nedkoff Lee , Brown Alex , Thrift Amanda G. , Pearson Odette , Guthridge Steven , Dos Santos Angela , Kleinig Timothy J. , Katzenellenbogen Judith M.
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:

Most estimates of stroke incidence among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (hereinafter Aboriginal) Australians are confined to single regions and include small sample sizes. We aimed to measure and compare stroke incidence in Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal residents across central and western Australia.

METHODS:

Whole-population multijurisdictional person-linked data from hospital and death datasets were used to identify stroke admissions and stroke-related deaths (2001–2015) in Western Australia, South Australia, and the Northern Territory. Fatal (including out-of-hospital deaths) and nonfatal incident (first-ever) strokes in patients aged 20-84 years were identified during the 4-year study period (2012–2015), using a 10-year lookback period to exclude people with prior stroke. Incidence rates per 100 000 population/year were estimated for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal populations, age-standardized to the World Health Organization World Standard population.

RESULTS:

In a population of 3 223 711 people (3.7% Aboriginal), 11 740 incident (first-ever) strokes (20.6% regional/remote location of residence; 15.6% fatal) were identified from 2012 to 2015, 675 (5.7%) in Aboriginal people (73.6% regional/remote; 17.0% fatal). Median age of Aboriginal cases (54.5 years; 50.1% female) was 16 years younger than non-Aboriginal cases (70.3 years; 44.1% female;
P
<0.001), with significantly greater prevalence of comorbidities. Age-standardized stroke incidence in Aboriginal people (192/100 000 [95% CI, 177–208]) was 2.9-fold greater than in non-Aboriginal people (66/100 000 [95% CI, 65–68]) aged 20-84 years; fatal incidence was 4.2-fold greater (38/100 000 [95% CI, 31–46] versus 9/100 000 [95% CI, 9–10]). Disparities were particularly apparent at younger ages (20–54 years), where age-standardized stroke incidence was 4.3-fold greater in Aboriginal people (90/100 000 [95% CI, 81–100]) than non-Aboriginal people (21/100 000 [95% CI, 20–22]).

CONCLUSIONS:

Stroke occurred more commonly, and at younger ages, in Aboriginal than non-Aboriginal populations. Greater prevalence of baseline comorbidities was present in the younger Aboriginal population. Improved primary prevention is required. To optimize stroke prevention, interventions should include culturally appropriate community-based health promotion and integrated support for nonmetropolitan health services.
Redescription of Naricolax stocki (Roubal, 1981) (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Bomolochidae) recovered from Acanthopagrus schlegelii (Bleeker, 1854) (Actinopterygii) in Japan, with the description of its copepodid V
Authors: Izawa Kunihiko
Published: June 2023

Naricolax stocki (Roubal, 1981) is redescribed based on specimens of both sexes, recovered from the blackhead seabream Acanthopagrus schlegelii (Bleeker, 1854) (Perciformes, Sparidae) in Japan. Both sexes of its copepodid V are described for the first time.
Changes during early copepodid development of podoplean copepods: common ancestry or convergence
Authors: Ferrari Frank D. , von Vaupel Klein J. Carel
Published: June 2023

Examples are given of parasitic podopleans that change behaviour, and often morphology, between the first and second copepodid stages. The first copepodid is free-swimming, dispersive and infective; the second copepodid is found attached to or within its host and usually has undergone changes in morphology. Among free-living podopleans, changes in behaviour but not morphology are documented. Strengths and weaknesses of different evolutionary explanations are considered for these changes, including descent from a common free-living ancestor, convergences from several free-living ancestors, or a mixed model. More observations of free-living podopleans, like harpacticoids and cyclopoids, closely associated with the benthos, would be particularly valuable in testing each explanation.
Effects of salinity on growth and related indicators of gonadal development in Exopalaemon carinicauda (Decapoda, Caridea, Palaemonidae)
Authors: Pang Zhiyu , Zhao Zhenhui , Gao Jiayi , Deng Deng , Deng Kangyu , Xu Jing , Gao Huan
Published: June 2023

To explore the effects of salinity on the growth and gonadal development of Exopalaemon carinicauda, shrimps were raised at five different levels of salinity (16, 20, 24, 28, 32) in a water environment. The growth, performance in ovarian development, ovarian nutrient concentration, as well as vitellogenin and sex hormone levels were measured. The results showed that the final body weight and specific growth rate of E. carinicauda increased at first and then decreased with increasing salinity (), with the fastest growth occurring at salinity 24. The gonadosomatic index increased at first and then decreased with increasing salinity (), with the highest index also occurring at salinity 24. The ovarian maturation rate of E. carinicauda was highest at salinity 28, and the concentration of total protein, total cholesterol, and triglycerides in the ovaries similarly increased at first until salinity 24, and then decreased with increasing salinity (). Likewise, the concentration of vitellogenin in the hepatopancreas increased at first and then decreased with increasing salinity (), with the highest concentration occurring at salinity 24. The concentration of estradiol in E. carinicauda ovaries was highest in the groups at salinities 24 and 28. These results show that salinity levels of 24-28 were the most suitable for promoting the maturation of parent shrimps, and thus would likely be optimal for industrial culturing.
Majority-Minority Relations and Targeted Violence
Authors: Amin Husnul , Muhammad Niaz
Published: June 2023

Using a conflict model to analyse Majority-Minority relations (M-M), this paper focuses on the Hazara community in Afghanistan. Assuming M-M relations are power relations, the struggle for control among divergent ethnic groups has persisted. The Hazaras have historically resided in several provinces and experienced various forms of targeted violence. Millions have fled to other countries to escape persecution. This research diverges from dominant approaches that focus only on ethnicity and religion as the causes of violence against the Hazaras. Instead, the paper examines other factors that have been largely neglected by conflict studies literature. Based on historical data, the study finds that the Hazaras’ geostrategic location in Afghanistan, their alliances with Pashtun tribes, and their struggle for autonomy have been the primary factors contributing to the targeted violence against them. Therefore, while ethnicity and religion may have made the Hazaras vulnerable to violence, they are not the main causes of violence.
“To Draw a Body, Human or Beast, One Must Study Anatomy”
Authors: Didouan Amandine Victoria
Published: June 2023

Contributing to the merging fields of art history, visual culture, and history of science, this article brings forward Carlo Ruini’s (1530–1598) equine anatomical treatise Dell’Anotomia et dell’Infermità del Cavallo (1598). The introduction of Ruini’s epistemic imagery, specifically a flayed horse depicted in what has been termed the “foreshortened-frontalized-equestrian” pose, offers a new perspective to existing art historical scholarship, hypothesising on the role of anatomy in depictive choices within early modern equestrian portraiture. The anatomical poses and postures originally found in Dell’Anotomia reappear in portraits of equine subjects by Rubens and his followers thus challenging currently held academic theories concerning their source of inspiration. The application of elements from Ruini’s Dell’Anotomia within a seventeenth-century practical guide for artists further underscores anatomy’s influence on equestrian portraiture, thus evidencing a deliberate response to the relationship between science, early modern equestrian culture, and art.
“Put the Brassiere on the Cross”
Authors: Peretz Jeremy Jacob
Published: June 2023

Komfa is a Guyanese practice involving elaborate rituals dedicated to “the Seven Nations” of ancestor-spirits who re/present colonial British demography. Komfa’s Spanish nation is most frequently understood as presenting queer subjecthood through overtly sexualized and (trans)gendered performances. To Guyanese, “Spanish” generally refers to Venezuelans. Pre- and post-emancipation histories of mobility within the borderlands of Guyana and Venezuela illuminate how Komfa practitioners embrace ambiguities of “noncompliant” genders and sexualities. Devotees who embody Spanish spirits tend to be transgender, identify as gay or antiman, and/or share intimate relations with partners of the same sex. Many also engage in sex labor. Such orientations, identifications, and occupations performed during trance possession and “secular” contexts of daily life may be re-valued through Komfa, providing non-conforming Guyanese with a refuge from societal discriminations through which they transform conceptions of selfhood by embracing the agencies and lived experiences of “non-Guyanese” within a symbolic economy of erotic alterity.
Towards a New Reconstruction of the Proto-Yeniseian Sound System. Part I: Word-Initial Consonants
Authors: Bonmann Svenja , Fries Simon , Korobzow Natalie , Günther Laura , Hill Eugen
Published: June 2023

We present correspondence sets involving word-initial consonants and including all known members of the Yeniseian language family. The data can be used for a systematic application of the comparative method, implying both the reconstruction of proto-phonemes and subsequent phylogenetic research questions (intrafamilial subdivisions among the Yeniseian languages according to shared phonological innovations). Key findings include (I) the discovery of an isogloss which separates Ket, Yugh and Pumpokol from Kott, Assan and Arin in terms of word-initial labial and dental plosives (voiced in the former group, voiceless in the other) and (II) the inference that Proto-Yeniseian (PY), i.e., the last common ancestor of all Yeniseian languages, probably had a two-layered system of plain voiced and plain voiceless stops. We do not see evidence for the postulation of lateral affricates. In addition, there are three correspondences of sibilants and uvulars, respectively, but we cannot, as yet, plausibly posit proto-phonemes in these cases.
Unpacking the Idea of Modernization of Chinese-Style Higher Education: A Policy Narrative Analysis
Authors: Li Jian , He Yunshu
Published: June 2023

Higher education in China is the high-end and leading part of the whole education system. The development height of higher education to some extent represents and determines the height of national development. China’s higher education plays an irreplaceable and decisive strategic role in the realization of Chinese-style modernization. This study explores the idea of modernization of Chinese-style higher education from the perspective of a policy narrative analysis. The background of the modernization of Chinese higher education, the core idea of modernization of Chinese higher education, connotation, and characteristics of the modernization of Chinese higher education have been analyzed in this study.
Exploring Curriculum-Based Measurement in Elementary Science: Investigating Two Vocabulary-Matching Formats
Authors: Conoyer Sarah J. , Wagner Kyle B. , Janssen Kristen K. , Jewell Jeremy D. , McKenney Elizabeth L. W.
Published: June 2023

As content literacy intervention is expanded in schools, data-based decision-making practices need to also advance, especially in the areas of science. Vocabulary-matching curriculum-based measures (VM-CBM) may allow educators to identify students needing additional support in science vocabulary to assist with using and comprehending disciplinary language. Typically, VM-CBMs have been given in a one-page format, but there has been little investigation of modified presentation of VM items. Participants were 77 fourth grade students from a U.S. Midwestern rural school district. Students from four different classrooms were administered either typical one-page or multipage VM-CBM forms. Multipage forms produced strong alternate form reliability ( r = .92, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [.85, .96]). Typical forms produced a moderate reliability coefficient ( r = .58, 95% CI = [.32, .76]). Regarding concurrent validity, multipage forms were also strongly correlated ( r = .71, 95% CI = [.50, .84]; r = .72, 95% CI = [.51, .85]) while typical forms were weakly correlated ( r = .40, 95% CI = [.10, .64]; r = .47, 95% CI = [.17, .69]) with a standardized state science assessment. The multipage format appears promising; however, further item level analysis is needed to determine the most efficient way to screen and support students in elementary science literacy.
Active and passive exploration for spatial knowledge acquisition: A meta-analysis
Authors: Qin Yue , Karimi Hassan A
Published: June 2023

Literature reported mixed evidence on whether active exploration benefits spatial knowledge acquisition over passive exploration. Active spatial learning typically involves at least physical control of one’s movement or navigation decision-making, while passive participants merely observe during exploration. To quantify the effects of active exploration in learning large-scale, unfamiliar environments, we analysed previous findings with the multi-level meta-analytical model. Potential moderators were identified and examined for their contributions to the variability in effect sizes. Of the 128 effect sizes retrieved from 33 experiments, we observed a small to moderate advantage of active exploration over passive observation. Important moderators include gender composition, decision-making, types of spatial knowledge, and matched visual information. We discussed the implications of the results along with the limitations.
Massive brown tumors of the jaw: A case report
Authors: Belkouchi Lina , Aourarh Benayad , Saouab Rachida , El Fenni Jamal
Published: June 2023

Brown tumors are non-neoplastic bone lesions caused by an abnormal remodeling of the bone that may occur with primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism. Their radiological aspect: lytic and aggressive can easily be misdiagnosed for a malignant origin hence the importance of knowing that diagnosis is to be considered through both clinical context and radiological semiology, which will be detailed via this case of a 32-year-old female patient with an end-stage kidney disease, admitted for facial disfiguration and palpable masses corresponding to brown tumors affecting the maxilla and the mandibular bone.
Temples and Trade Network in South India: The Cult of Gavareshvara
Authors: Rao Nagendra
Published: June 2023

Along with the emergence of Ayyavole Five Hundred in Karnataka and other parts of South India, there was also the appearance of the cult of Gavareshvara. It represented the importance of the Gavares, a dominant trading community of Ayyavole Five Hundred. The Gavareshvara temples attracted donations from the Gavares, Mummuridandas, Settis and Settiguttas apart from officials. The article shows that the assortment of traders exhibited their devotion to god Gavareshvara, thereby demonstrating their respect for the dominant Ayyavole traders, the Gavares. Consequently, Gavareshvara became a major deity of the Ayyavole Five Hundred in Karnataka.
Acromioclavicular Joint Space Size in a Nigerian Patient cohort
Authors: Olanipekun H. L. , Ohagwu C. C. , Okonkwo P. O. , Ikegwuonu N. C. , Egwuanumku K. I. , Ezugwu E. E.
Published: June 2023

Objective:

To establish normative data on the width of the acromioclavicular (AC) joint space using sonography, based on a selected Nigerian cohort without any shoulder injury or pathology.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted on the normal AC joints of randomly selected Nigerians. A sonographer performed the examination and obtained all the width measurements of AC joint space, using a GE LOGIQP6 ultrasound system and a multiple-frequency linear transducer.

Results:

The width of the AC joint space was equal on both sides, measuring 5.6 ± 1.2 mm for the right and 5.6 ± 1.2 mm for the left ( P = .701). The mean width of both joint spaces differed between men and women, with the men having a wider space ( P < .05). Age had a strong negative predictive relationship, with the AC joint space width and both joint spaces decreasing with age ( P < .001). Weight and body mass index had weak negative predictive relationships with both joint space widths ( P < .001). Participant height had a very weak positive predictive relationship with both joint space widths ( P < .05).

Conclusion:

Normative data on the width of the AC joint space, in a randomly selected Nigerian cohort, are provided and may be clinically useful in the ongoing sonographic assessment of the AC joint.
Understanding Family Business Internationalisation: A Systematic Literature Review with Thematic Lenses
Authors: Gupta Akansha , Dwivedi Amit Kumar
Published: June 2023

This article is a systematic review and a critical examination of 61 journal articles (published from 1996 to 2019) on the family business internationalisation (FBI). The purpose of this article is to identify the key factors that have an impact on the FBI. The result of a systematic review of factors affecting the growth of FBIs is presented and utilises both the Australian Business Deans Council ranking and H-index to objectively demonstrate all the factors that can have an impact on family business to internationalise. The key findings reveal a total of five factors out of 108 factors, which were mentioned in minimum of four papers. Using the most influential articles identified in the analysis, the article concludes with six factors family ownership, role of networks, mindset of the family founder, cross-generational involvement, family involvement which needs to be controlled by family business if they want to achieve internationalisation.
Patterns of physical activity over time in older patients rehabilitating after hip fracture surgery: a preliminary observational study
Authors: van Dartel Dieuwke , Wang Ying , Hegeman Johannes H. , Vermeer Marloes , Vollenbroek-Hutten Miriam M. R. ,   on behalf of the Up&Go after a hip fracture group, Broersma B. , Brouwer K. , Folbert E. C. , Gerrits T. , Gommers S. M. , Harperink A. J. M. , Hofstra P. T. , Kemerink op Schiphorst M. M. , Lammerink-Smienk N. M. , Luttje M. P. , Marissen-Heuver D. K. , Mars P. M. M. , Nijhuis-Geerdink M. A. H. , Nijmeijer W. S. , Oude Luttikhuis A. H. S. , Oude Weernink T. M. , de Pagter C. , Schokker-Viergever J. , Vlaskamp R. T. J. , Voortman M. , Woudsma S.
Published: June 2023

Background

To investigate patterns of continuously monitored physical activity in older patients rehabilitating after hip fracture surgery and the association with patient characteristics.

Methods

Physical activity of surgically treated hip fracture patients aged 70 years or older, who were rehabilitating at a skilled nursing home, was continuously monitored using a tri-axial accelerometer. The intensity of physical activity per day was calculated from the accelerometer signals to describe the daily physical activity levels of the enrolled patients. The patterns of three different aspects of physical activity were investigated: overall physical activity, overall variability, and day-to-day variability. Two experts in the geriatric rehabilitation field helped identifying unique physical activity patterns for each aspect based on visual analysis. Eighteen healthcare professionals independently classified each patient in one of the predefined patterns for each aspect. Differences between physical activity patterns and patient characteristics were assessed using a Kruskal–Wallis or Fisher’s Exact Test.

Results

Physical activity data from 66 older patients were used in this preliminary study. A total of six unique patterns were identified for overall physical activity and overall variability, and five unique patterns for the day-to-day variability. The most common pattern found for the overall physical activity and day-to-day variability had a S-shape, which first slowly increased, then steeply increased, and subsequently flattened (n = 23, 34.8%). A N-shape pattern was found the most common pattern for overall variability, which first slowly increased, then steeply increased, then decreased and lastly increased (n = 14, 21.2%). The functionality at admission to rehabilitation, measured with the Barthel Index, and the duration of rehabilitation stay differed between the patterns of physical activity.

Conclusions

Multiple patterns of physical activity among older patients during hip fracture rehabilitation were found in this preliminary study. The functionality at admission to rehabilitation and the duration of rehabilitation stay were associated with the different patterns found in this study. Results of this study highlight the importance of personalized hip fracture treatment.
Granuloma formation after repeated episodes of peritoneal dialysis catheter–related infection, a case report
Authors: Cao Fang , Zhang Li , Ruan Yiping , Lin Miao , Hong Fuyuan
Published: June 2023

Background

Peritoneal catheter related infection is one of the main complications and the major cause of technical failure of peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment. However, PD catheter tunnel infection can be difficult to diagnosis and resolve. We presented a rare case in which a granuloma formation after repeated episodes of peritoneal dialysis catheter–related infection.

Case presentation

A 53-year-old female patient with kidney failure due to chronic glomerulonephritis treated with peritoneal dialysis for 7 years. The patient had repeated exit-site and tunnel inflammation, and repeated suboptimal courses of antibiotics. She switched to hemodialysis after 6 years in a local hospital without the peritoneal dialysis catheter being removed. The patient complained of an abdominal wall mass that lasted for several months. She was admitted to the Department of surgery to undergo mass resection. The resected tissue of the abdominal wall mass was sent for pathological examination. The result showed foreign body granuloma with necrosis and abscess formation. After the surgery, the infection did not recur.

Conclusions

The following key points can be learned from this case: 1. It is important to strengthen patient follow-up. 2.The PD catheter should be removed as early as possible in patients who do not need long-term PD, especially in patients with a history of exit-site and tunnel infections. 3. For patients presenting abnormal subcutaneous mass, attention should be paid to the possibility of the granuloma formation of infected Dacron cuffs of the PD catheter. If catheter infection occurs repeatedly, catheter removal and debridement should be considered.
Sporadic late onset nemaline myopathy with concurrent dermatological symptoms responding to immunosuppressive treatment
Authors: Nandy Anirban , Tankisi Hatice , Krøigård Anne Bruun , Dalager Maiken Glud , Hvidbjerg Marie Skov , Schrøder Henrik Daa , Obál Izabella
Published: June 2023

Background

Sporadic late onset nemaline myopathy is a rare, progressive muscle disease, presenting in adulthood, mainly affecting proximal limb and bulbar muscles. Muscle biopsies show characteristic nemaline rods. The putative mechanism is considered immune-related. Other manifestations aside from neuromuscular symptoms have not been described previously.

Case presentation

We present a case with atypical sporadic late onset nemaline myopathy (SLONM) of a non-HIV, non-MGUS subtype, where skin manifestations preceded neuromuscular symptoms, and a residual thymus with the histology of thymic follicular hyperplasia was detected during the diagnostic workup. Thorough dermatological investigations could not explain the skin presentations. Muscle biopsy revealed variation in fiber diameter, ragged-red and COX-negative fibers associated with discrete fibrosis. Electron microscopy detected atrophic muscle fibres with disorganization of the myofibrils, nemaline rods and abnormal mitochondria. Single-fiber EMG suggested signs of a neuromuscular transmission defect, EMG showed signs of myopathy. Analyses of antibodies associated with myasthenia gravis were negative. The patient showed improvement after intravenous immunoglobulin treatment regarding both the skin and the muscle symptoms.

Conclusions

Our case highlights the heterogeneity of SLONM with its varied spectrum of presentation. A unique combination of dermatological symptoms and SLONM could be seen with skin lesions as primary presenting symptoms. An association can be considered between the different manifestations, presumably based on immune etiology, where immunosuppressive therapy has been beneficial.