bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Complement Receptor C5aR2: A Powerful Modulator of Innate and Adaptive Immunity
Authors: Li Xaria X. , Lee John D. , Kemper Claudia , Woodruff Trent M.
Published: June 2019

Complement activation generates the core effector protein C5a, a potent immune molecule that is linked to multiple inflammatory diseases. Two C5a receptors, C5aR1 (C5aR, CD88) and C5aR2 (C5L2, GPR77), mediate the biological activities of C5a. Although C5aR1 has broadly acknowledged proinflammatory roles, C5aR2 remains at the center of controversy, with existing findings supporting both immune-activating and immune-dampening functions. Recent progress has been made toward resolving these issues. Instead of being a pure recycler and sequester of C5a, C5aR2 is capable of mediating its own set of signaling events and through these events exerting significant immunomodulatory effects not only toward C5aR1 but also other pattern recognition receptors and innate immune systems, such as NLRP3 inflammasomes. This review highlights the existing knowns and unknowns concerning C5aR2 and provides a timely update on recent breakthroughs which are expected to have a substantial impact on future fundamental and translational C5aR2 research.
A Rare Case of Acute Kidney Injury and Anemia Induced by Hypercalcemia
Authors: von Bormann Suparpit , Suksompong Sirilak , von Bormann Benno
Published: June 2019

Hypercalcemia may result in acute kidney injury (AKI) and arterial hypertension. Anemia as a consequence of this constellation is nowhere described. A female patient underwent total thyroidectomy in 2007, since then being under continuous daily medication with 100 μg thyroxin, 1.6 g calcium and 1.0 μg alfacalcidol. In 2017, after accidentally overdosing alfacalcidol fourfold for several weeks leading to massive hypercalcemia (plasma calcium level 16.7 mg/dL), the otherwise healthy patient developed symptoms of AKI, such as serum creatinine 2.48 mg/dL, plus severe hypertension and acute anemia (hemoglobin concentration 10.2 g/dL). After cessation of calcium and alfacalcidol medication for 9 days, hypercalcemia and AKI symptoms and anemia recovered within 14 and after 62 days, respectively. The patient is currently free of complaints and has been sufficiently treated with half of the yearslong pre-event calcium/alfacalcidol dose. In conclusion, hypercalcemia with consecutive AKI after vitamin D overdose can occur asymptomatically. The treatment does not compulsorily include washout by hyperhydration and diuretics. AKI may lead to anemia, possibly caused by the deterioration of the release of erythropoietin.
Spontaneous hemothorax and neurofibromatosis type 1: How to explain it, how to explore it and how to treat it?
Authors: Attia Monia , Gharsalli Houda , Rmili Haifa , Affes Meriem , Ben Saad Soumaya , Zairi Sarra , Baccouche Ines , Hantous Saoussen , Neji Henda , Ben Miled-M’rad Khaoula
Published: June 2019

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), also known as Von Recklinghausen’s disease is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder. It is the most common of phacomatoses. Pulmonary complications have been rarely described in the literature. It is generally a benign disease, but has the potential for rare and fatal complications, such as spontaneous hemothorax. We reported two cases of patients with a history of von Recklinghausen’s disease. Both of them suffered sudden chest pain. Chest-X ray revealed a hemi-thoracic opacity. Enhanced chest computed tomography showed massive hemothorax, but no evidence of tumors or an obvious bleeding point in the thorax. After we had ensured a stable hemodynamic condition, we performed video-assisted thoracic surgery to remove the hematoma. No evidence of bleeding was noticed in the first patient whereas an active bleeding was observed in the second patient. We could not determine which vessel was responsible of the hemorrhage. Electrocoagulation and clot removal were performed.  Evolution was favorable for both patients. Spontaneous hemothorax is a rare and potentially life threatening NF1’s complication. A tumor like neurofibroma or more rarely vascular involvement of large or small caliber arteries may be at hemothorax’s origin.
The complex interaction between atrial fibrillation and heart failure in elderly patients
Authors: Fumagalli Stefano , Pelagalli Giulia , Migliorini Marta , Boni Serena , Nigro Francesca , Marozzi Irene , Pupo Simone , Marchionni Niccolò
Published: June 2019

Heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) often coexist. Subjects with permanent AF show the highest prevalence of HF. Patients with incident AF have HF in a great number of cases and, reciprocally, in patients with incident HF, an AF can be frequently found. The simultaneous presence of the two conditions is associated with mortality rates higher than those observed in individuals with only one or none of them. Interestingly, HF and AF could synergistically promote in elderly patients the development of disability and dementia. Inflammatory mechanisms coupled with changes of renin-angiotensin system, hormonal pathways and neuro-mediators could simultaneously promote left atrium remodeling and sustain both HF and AF. Beta-blockers and digoxin seem to have small therapeutic effect and limited influence on prognosis in these very complex patients. Sinus rhythm restoration could slow down the progression of disability in symptomatic subjects. Recent evidence seem to suggest that upstream therapy coupled with rehabilitation, and that AV node ablation associated with cardiac resynchronization therapy could benefit subjects with HF and AF. In conclusion, elderly patients simultaneously presenting problems of cardiac function and arrhythmia are an important challenge for geriatric medicine, and request important efforts to improve their functional profile and prognosis.
Etiology of Central Nervous System Infections in a Rural Area of Nepal Using Molecular Approaches
Authors: Säll Olof , Thulin Hedberg Sara , Neander Marita , Tiwari Sabina , Dornon Lester , Bom Rabin , Lagerqvist Nina , Sundqvist Martin , Mölling Paula
Published: June 2019

The etiology of infections of the central nervous system (CNS) in Nepal often remains unrecognized because of underdeveloped laboratory facilities. The aim of this study was to investigate the etiology of CNS infections in a rural area of Nepal using molecular methods. From November 2014 to February 2016, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected from 176 consecutive patients presenting at United Mission Hospital in Tansen, Nepal, with symptoms of possible CNS infection. After the CSF samples were stored and transported frozen, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed in Sweden, targeting a total of 26 pathogens using the FilmArray® ME panel (BioFire, bioMerieux, Salt Lake City, UT), the MeningoFinder® 2SMART (PathoFinder, Maastricht, The Netherlands), and an in-house PCR test for dengue virus (DENV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), and Nipah virus (NiV). The etiology could be determined in 23%. The bacteria detected were Haemophilus influenzae (n = 5), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 4), and Neisseria meningitidis (n = 1). The most common virus was enterovirus detected in eight samples, all during the monsoon season. Other viruses detected were cytomegalovirus (n = 6), varicella zoster virus (n = 5), Epstein–Barr virus (n = 3), herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 (HSV-1) (n = 3), HSV-2 (n = 3), human herpes virus (HHV) type 6 (HHV-6) (n = 3), and HHV-7 (n = 2). Cryptococcus neoformans/gatti was found in four samples. None of the samples were positive for DENV, JEV, or NiV. Of the patients, 67% had been exposed to antibiotics before lumbar puncture. In conclusion, the etiology could not be found in 77% of the samples, indicating that the commercial PCR panels used are not suitable in this setting. Future studies on the etiology of CNS infections in Nepal could include metagenomic techniques.
A Cluster of Cases of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in an Area Of Colombia Not Known to be Endemic for This Disease
Authors: Londoño Andrés F. , Arango-Ferreira Catalina , Acevedo-Gutiérrez Leidy Y. , Paternina Luis E. , Montes Carlos , Ruiz Iván , Labruna Marcelo B. , Díaz Francisco J. , Walker David H. , Rodas Juan D.
Published: June 2019

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) has been reported in Colombia since 1937. Most recent outbreaks were in 2006–2008, followed by the absence of recognized cases. This report describes new clinical cases of RMSF and epidemiologic investigations. Medical records were reviewed, and fieldwork, serological and molecular diagnostic testing, and bacterial isolation were performed. Fever, hypotension, abdominal discomfort, and rash accompanied by thrombocytopenia and leukopenia were the most characteristic manifestations. Two convalescent sera from the index case and sera from two dogs revealed high anti-spotted fever group Rickettsia antibody titers. Rickettsia rickettsii was isolated from case 4. Cases 2 and 3 were identified by epidemiological connection with the index case. Thus, a new cluster of cases of RMSF was identified in Antioquia, Colombia, with the occurrence of fatal cases, which indicates the active circulation of the bacteria and a potential risk for the population.
Development of an Antigen Detection ELISA for Bancroftian Filariasis Using BmSXP-Specific Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody
Authors: Rahumatullah Anizah , Lim Theam Soon , Yunus Muhammad Hafiznur , Noordin Rahmah
Published: June 2019

Lymphatic filariasis is a mosquito-borne parasitic disease responsible for morbidity and disability that affects 1.2 billion people worldwide, mainly the poor communities. Currently, filarial antigen testing is the method of choice for the detection of bancroftian filariasis, and to date, there are two commonly used tests. In the present study, a recently reported recombinant monoclonal antibody (5B) specific to BmSXP filarial antigen was used in developing an ELISA for the detection of circulating filarial antigen in sera of patients with bancroftian filariasis. The performance of the ELISA was evaluated using 124 serum samples. The ELISA was positive with all sera from microfilaremic bancroftian filariasis patients (n = 34). It also showed 100% diagnostic specificity when tested with sera from 50 healthy individuals and 40 patients with other parasitic diseases. The developed assay using the novel 5B recombinant monoclonal antibody could potentially be a promising alternative antigen detection test for bancroftian filariasis.
Effect of Gamma Irradiation on the Antibody Response Measured in Human Serum from Subjects Vaccinated with Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus–Zaire Ebola Virus Envelope Glycoprotein Vaccine
Authors: Grant-Klein Rebecca J. , Antonello Joseph , Nichols Rick , Dubey Sheri , Simon Jakub
Published: June 2019

rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP vaccine is a live recombinant (r) vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), where the VSV G protein is replaced with the Zaire Ebola virus (ZEBOV) glycoprotein (GP). For vaccine immunogenicity testing, clinical trial sera collected during an active ZEBOV outbreak underwent gamma irradiation (GI) before testing in biosafety level 2 laboratories to inactivate possible wild-type ZEBOV. Before irradiating pivotal trial samples, two independent studies evaluated the impact of GI (50 kGy) on binding ZEBOV-GP (ELISA) antibodies against rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP, using sera from a North American phase 1 study. Gamma irradiation was associated with slightly higher antibody concentrations in pre-vaccination samples and slightly lower concentrations postvaccination. Results indicate that GI is a viable method for treating samples from regions where filoviruses are endemic, with minor effects on antibody titers. The impact of GI on immunogenicity analyses should be considered when interpreting data from irradiated specimens.
A Search for Snail-Related Answers to Explain Differences in Response of Schistosoma mansoni to Praziquantel Treatment among Responding and Persistent Hotspot Villages along the Kenyan Shore of Lake Victoria
Authors: Mutuku Martin W. , Laidemitt Martina R. , Beechler Brianna R. , Mwangi Ibrahim N. , Otiato Fredrick O. , Agola Eric L. , Ochanda Horace , Kamel Bishoy , Mkoji Gerald M. , Steinauer Michelle L. , Loker Eric S.
Published: June 2019

Following a 4-year annual praziquantel (PZQ) treatment campaign, the resulting prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni was seen to differ among individual villages along the Kenyan shore of Lake Victoria. We have investigated possible inherent differences in snail-related aspects of transmission among such 10 villages, including six persistent hotspot (PHS) villages (≤ 30% reduction in prevalence following repeated treatments) located along the west-facing shore of the lake and four PZQ-responding (RESP) villages (> 30% prevalence reduction following repeated treatment) along the Winam Gulf. When taking into account all sampling sites, times, and water hyacinth presence/absence, shoreline-associated Biomphalaria sudanica from PHS and RESP villages did not differ in relative abundance or prevalence of S. mansoni infection. Water hyacinth intrusions were associated with increased B. sudanica abundance. The deeper water snail Biomphalaria choanomphala was significantly more abundant in the PHS villages, and prevalence of S. mansoni among villages both before and after control was positively correlated with B. choanomphala abundance. Worm recoveries from sentinel mice did not differ between PHS and RESP villages, and abundance of non-schistosome trematode species was not associated with S. mansoni abundance. Biomphalaria choanomphala provides an alternative, deepwater mode of transmission that may favor greater persistence of S. mansoni in PHS villages. As we found evidence for ongoing S. mansoni transmission in all 10 villages, we conclude that conditions conducive for transmission and reinfection occur ubiquitously. This argues for an integrated, basin-wide plan for schistosomiasis control to counteract rapid reinfections facilitated by large snail populations and movements of infected people around the lake.
Hybrid optimal scheme for minimizing machining force and surface roughness in hard turning of AISI 52100 steel
Authors: Umamaheswarrao P , Ranga Raju D , Suman K.N.S. , Ravi Sankar B
Published: June 2019

In the present work hard turning of AISI 52100 steel has been performed using PCBN tools. The input parameters considered are cutting speed, feed, depth of cut, Nose radius and negative rake angle and the measured responses are machining force (FM) and surface roughness (Ra). Experiments are planned as per Center Composite rotatable Design (CCD) of Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Investigative analysis on the effect of input parameters on the response is carried out using main effects plot and response surface plots. Further, a multi-objective optimization is performed with RSM and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) integrated with Principle Component Analysis (PCA). Results demonstrated that negative rake angle is the paramount factor affecting the response followed by feed, speed, depth of cut, and nose radius. The optimum cutting parameters obtained are cutting speed 1000 rpm, feed 0.02 mm/rev, depth of cut 0.4 mm, Nose radius 1 mm and Negative rake angle 5°Keywords: Hard turning, AISI 52100 steel, Machining force, Surface roughness, Grey relational analysis
Microcontroller based data acquisition system using error reduction technique
Authors: Biswas Don , Kumar Kuldip , Rohilla Vishal , Kathait Gambheer Singh , Thapliyal Prashant , Bahuguna Arun Shekhar , Pundir Yogendra , Tamta Vinay Prasad
Published: June 2019

The application of high-speed real-time data acquisition is becoming increasingly wide spread in industrial field, and its measurement accuracy is also increasing. In the present study, the development of a USB based data acquisition system is presented here, where a microcontroller based standalone embedded system is used as data collection and also field control device. The data acquisition system has been calibrated in terms of output voltage generated in signal conditioner. The USB device system also calibrated for the error in the output result. Here USB device has been programmed as Human Interface Device (HID) class, hence not requiring any kind of device specific driver. This data acquisition system is utilized to measure the flow of a channel. The flow of water is not acidic.Keywords: USB, microcontroller, PIC, acquisition, data acquisition, programmer, digital
Occupational Therapists’ Creativity: Tapping Into Client Centeredness Using a Novel Creativity Questionnaire
Authors: Oven Alenka , Lobe Bojana
Published: June 2019

Importance: To further the understanding of client centeredness in the context of creativity.

Objective: This study’s objective was to explore the client’s uniqueness as the key motivator of creativity in the occupational therapy process using a novel assessment tool, the Creativity in Occupational Therapy Questionnaire (COTQ). Our hypothesis was as follows: “Clients and their characteristics are more important to the creativity of an occupational therapist than the occupational therapist’s personality.”

Design: This study is part of a mixed-methods study. The COTQ, consisting of five clusters of items, was pretested for clarity and reliability in a pilot study (α = .90). It was then used in an online survey of Slovenian occupational therapists. To analyze data, factor and regression analyses were used.

Setting: The survey was completed online.

Participants: The survey was sent to all electronic addresses obtained from the Association of Occupational Therapists of Slovenia and the Faculty of Health Sciences at the University of Ljubljana. It was completed by 250 occupational therapists, which represented more than 40% of all Slovenian occupational therapists.

Results: Occupational therapists included in the study reported that clients triggered and encouraged their creativity. Both the client’s uniqueness, B = .574, t(197) = 12.24, p < .01, and the occupational therapist’s personality, B = .388, t(197) = 6.51, p < .01, had a statistically significant influence on creativity in the occupational therapy process.

Conclusions and Relevance: This study supports the importance of creativity in client-centered practice and provides a quantitative measure of this concept, which could be used in future longitudinal studies.

What This Article Adds: This article suggests that the individual client is the most important factor in the creative process of an occupational therapist. It introduces a novel assessment tool and provides suggestions on how to facilitate a client-centered approach using creativity.
Understanding the effects of early degradation on isotopic tracers: implications for sediment source attribution using compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA)
Authors: Hirave Pranav , Wiesenberg Guido L. B. , Birkholz Axel , Alewell Christine
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Application of compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) in sediment fingerprinting source apportionment studies is becoming more frequent, as it can potentially provide robust land-use based source attribution of suspended sediments in a freshwater system. Isotopic tracers such as δ13C values of vegetation-derived organic compounds are considered to be suitable for CSIA based fingerprinting method. However, a rigorous evaluation of tracer conservativeness in terms of the stability of isotopic signature during detachment and transport of soil during erosion process is essential for the suitability of the method. With the aim to identify potential fractionation and shifts in tracer signature during early degradation of organic matter in surface soils, we measured concentrations and δ13C values of long-chain fatty acids and n-alkanes from fresh plant biomass (as vegetation is a direct source of these compounds to the soils), degraded organic horizon (O horizon) as well as mineral soil (A horizon) from various forest types with different humus forms (five sites). The bulk δ13C values showed continuous 13C enrichment through the degradation stages from fresh plant material to the O and A horizon, ranging between 3.5 and 5.6 ‰. Compound-specific δ13C values showed a general 13C enrichment for both, long-chain fatty acids (up to 5 ‰) as well as n-alkanes (up to 3.9 ‰) from fresh plant biomass to the O horizon overlying the A horizon. However, only slight or no further changes occurred from the O to the A horizon. We also compared compound-specific δ13C values between two soil particle-size classes (
Required sampling-density of ground-based soil moisture and brightness temperature observations for calibration/validation of L-band satellite observations based on a virtual reality
Authors: Lv Shaoning , Schalge Bernd , Saavedra Garfias Pablo , Simmer Clemens
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Microwave remote sensing is the most promising tool for monitoring global-scale near-surface soil moisture distributions. With the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) and Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) missions in orbit, considerable efforts are made to evaluate their soil moisture products via ground observations, forward microwave transfer simulation, and retrievals. Due to the large footprint of the satellite radiometers of about 40 km in diameter and the spatial heterogeneity of soil moisture, minimum sampling densities for soil moisture are required to challenge the targeted precision. Here we use 400 m resolution simulations with the regional terrestrial system model TerrSysMP and its coupling with the Community Microwave Emission Modelling platform (CMEM) to quantify sampling distance required for soil moisture and brightness temperature validation. Our analysis suggests that an overall sampling resolution of better than 6 km is required to validate the targeted accuracy of 0.04 cm3/cm3 (70 % confidence level) in SMOS and SMAP over typical midlatitude European regions. The minimum sampling resolution depends on the land-surface inhomogeneity and the meteorological situation, which influence the soil moisture patterns, and ranges from about 7 km to 17 km for a 70 % confidence level for a typical year. At the minimum sampling resolution for a 70 % confidence level also the accuracy of footprint-averaged brightness temperature estimates is equal or better than 15 K/10 K for H/V polarization. Estimates strongly deteriorate with sparser sampling densities, e.g., at 3/9 km with 3/5 sampling sites the confidence level of derived footprint estimates can reach about 0.5–0.6 for soil moisture which is much less than the standard 0.7 requirements for ground measurements. The representativeness of ground-based soil moisture and brightness temperature observations – and thus their required minimum sampling densities – are only weakly correlated in space and time. This study provides a basis for a better understanding of sometimes strong mismatches between derived satellite soil moisture products and ground-based measurements.
The super-turbine wind power conversion paradox: using machine learning to reduce errors caused by Jensen's inequality
Authors: McCandless Tyler C. , Haupt Sue Ellen
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Wind power is a variable generation resource and therefore
requires accurate forecasts to enable integration into the electric grid.
Generally, the wind speed is forecast for a wind plant and the forecasted
wind speed is converted to power to provide an estimate of the expected
generating capacity of the plant. The average wind speed forecast for the
plant is a function of the underlying meteorological phenomena being
predicted; however, the wind speed for each turbine at the farm is also a
function of the local terrain and the array orientation. Conversion
algorithms that assume an average wind speed for the plant, i.e., the
super-turbine power conversion, assume that the effects of the local terrain
and array orientation are insignificant in producing variability in the wind
speeds across the turbines at the farm. Here, we quantify the differences in
converting wind speed to power at the turbine level compared with a
super-turbine power conversion for a hypothetical wind farm of 100 2 MW
turbines as well as from empirical data. The simulations with simulated
turbines show a maximum difference of approximately 3 % at
11 m s−1 with a 1 m s−1 standard deviation of wind speeds and
8 % at 11 m s−1 with a 2 m s−1 standard deviation of wind
speeds as a consequence of Jensen's inequality. The empirical analysis shows
similar results with mean differences between converted wind speed to power
and measured power of approximately 68 kW per 2 MW turbine. However, using
a random forest machine learning method to convert to power reduces the error
in the wind speed to power conversion when given the predictors that quantify
the differences due to Jensen's inequality. These significant differences can
lead to wind power forecasters overestimating the wind generation when
utilizing a super-turbine power conversion for high wind speeds, and
indicate that power conversion is more accurately done at the turbine level
if no other compensatory mechanism is used to account for Jensen's
inequality.
Wastewater Treatment of Mariout Lake Drains Using Combined Physical, Chemical, and Biological Methods in Microcosm Experiments
Authors: Tadros Hermine RZ , Hamdona Samia Kh , Ghobrial Mary G , El-Naggar Mona F , Abd El-Hamid Omayma H
Published: June 2019

The treatment of wastewater is a must due to the decrease of clean water and the increase in the consumption of fresh water for domestic uses. This study discusses the physical, chemical, and biological treatments of water from different types of Mariout Lake drains. It also aims at a designation of appropriate wastewater treatment process for sewage water (El-Qalah drain), agriculture water (El-Umoum drain), and raw drinking water before treatment (Nubareya canal) so as to adopt an appropriate procedure to be applied as the drains discharge their wastewaters in Mariout Lake affecting its water quality as well as its fish productivity. Obtaining secure effluents for discharge in natural water bodies (El-Mex bay), or using treated effluents in agriculture or industrial purposes, is a target too, open for estimation. Alum, aeration beside two natural medicinal plants, piper nigrum (Black Pepper) and dry ginger (Zingiber officinalis), and the eukaryotic microorganism yeast, were used for treatment, in addition to the freshwater submerged macrophyte Ceratophyllum demersum.The results of the physicochemical parameters revealed that the best material for treatment in El-Qalaa sewage drain was by Alum + Aeration + Ginger + Ceratophylum demersum.The most preferable material for both the raw drinking water of Nubareya canal and El-Umoum agricultural wastewater was Alum + Aeration + Yeast + Ceratophylum demersum.Regarding the four trace metals' (Zn, Pb, Fe, and Cu) concentration treatments, the best treatment in all cases was found to be Alum + Aeration + Yeast + Ceratophylum demersum, except for Zn in El-Qalaa sewage water which had to be treated by Alum + Aeration + Ginger + Ceratophylum demersum.
Gamification Techniques to Re-Invent Public Healthcare Services – A Case Study
Authors: Buheji Mohamed
Published: June 2019

Interest is growing in gamification of the different public services to enhance the development through engagement of the concerned stakeholders. A review of the gamification applied in healthcare services through inspiration labs is illustrated. The paper investigates how the different gamification constructs and techniques help in re-inventing the public healthcare services.The findings of the study are presented around the opportunities and learning that comes from gamifying the change initiatives. The paper shows how researchers and practitioners can gamify complex public services, as healthcare sectors, and create a change to different activities that would lead to a behavioural change of the targeted community. The study makes a recommendation to considers more in-depth empirical studies that enhance the integration of gamification in more public services.
Analysis of Use of Mobile Media: Reasons of Use and Degree of Satisfaction Among Student Users of Mobile Media at Moscow Universities
Authors: Irina Dogancay
Published: June 2019

What is the role of mobile media in public life today? What is its origin? How did it evolve, and how efficient is it in our lives? These are all surging topics research literature in today’s virtually interconnected world. There is no shortage of researchers in the modern world now focusing solely on how mobile media’s role in the world has taken shape, and how powerful it is, what impact it has on humanity, and so on.In this study, before considering reasons of use and the degree of satisfaction students at Moscow universities find in their usage of mobile media in particular, then pans out to discuss how this reflects on more general trends in the usage of mobile media in today’s world, I consider the general picture of the process of using mobile media and examine more closely one particular part of the complex new process of mass communication – analysis the audience of mobile media and the general picture of the process of using mobile media at Moscow universities.
Medición de la satisfacción de los usuarios directos del Departamento Programas sobre el Ambiente del Servicio de Salud Aconcagua
Authors: Meléndez Fancy , Arteaga Oscar , Hernández Enrique
Published: June 2019

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el grado de satisfacción de los usuarios directos del Departamento de Programas sobre el Ambiente del Servicio de Salud Aconcagua respecto a la atención recibida. Para ello se aplicó una encuesta a una muestra representativa de 307 usuarios atendidos entre los meses de octubre del 2002 y febrero del 2003. El instrumento utilizado fue diseñado especialmente para este estudio. Las dimensiones consideradas fueron accesibilidad, infraestructura, relaciones inte1personales, calidad técnica y satisfacción global y las variables sexo, edad, nivel educacional, tipo de trámite y oficina de atención. Entre los hallazgos obtenidos, destacan el alto porcentaje de satisfacción con la atención brindada (73,61%) y que la variable mejor evaluada fue el trato brindado por los funcionarios (sobre 90% en todos los casos). También destaca que la variable que obtuvo más baja calificación fue la capacidad resolutiva de las denuncias con sólo un 18,6% de conformidad con la solución entregada. El estudio de asociaciones permitió concluir que las variables que más impactan la evaluación de la satisfacción global son la claridad de la información y el tiempo de tramitación de las solicitudes. Otros hallazgos indican que los usuarios que realizaron trámites más complejos y denuncias otorgaron una calificación más baja al tiempo de tramitación (p < 0,05), y que ambos tipos de trámites fueron realizados col! más frecuencia por mujeres (p < 0,05 ), quienes -a su vez- tienen un  nivel educacional más bajo (p
Consumo de drogas en población escolar de Chile en alumnos de 8º básico a 4° medio, 2003
Authors: Araneda Juan Carlos , Cumsille Francisco
Published: June 2019

Se describe el consumo de drogas en población escolar chilena que en 2003 cursaba entre el 8° básico y el 4° año medio. Los datos corresponden al Quinto Estudio Nacional de Drogas en Población Escolar de Chile, 2003. Se determinó que la tasa de consumo reciente de cualquier droga ilícita para el grupo de estudio es de 13,66%, donde el 94% se concentra en estudiantes que usan marihuana. La tasa de consumo reciente de alcohol y cigarrillos alcanza a 61,15% y 51,54%, respectivamente. Los hombres presentan consumos recientes de drogas ilícitas más altos que las mujeres, aunque sólo las superan en 3 puntos porcentuales en marihuana; sin embargo, los usos recientes de pasta base y de cocaína se encuentran en una razón de 2:1. La tendencia del consumo en el bienio 2001-2003, de acuerdo a la prevalencia de último año, registra una disminución del consumo de marihuana y cigarrillos. La disponibilidad de drogas y la baja percepción de riesgo favorece efuso de estas sustancias.
Dimensiones y significados que adquiere el proceso salud/enfermedad/atención en usuarios mapuche – williche con diabetes mellitus e hipertensión arterial
Authors: Bermedo Sergio
Published: June 2019

Las enfermedades cardiovasculares representan la primera causa de muerte en población adulta en Chile. En el caso de la población indígena, los resultados de estudios epidemiológicos comparativos muestran un peso relativo mayor de estas enfermedades en la población indígena que en la no indígena. Objetivo: Describir las concepciones y prácticas terapéuticas tradicionales que convergen en los procesos de sanación de usuarios mapuche–williche diabéticos e hipertensos que consultan en los establecimientos de salud, ubicados en la jurisdicción del cacicado de Riachuelo, Río Negro. Material y Método: Estudio exploratorio-descriptivo de carácter socioantropológico que se inscribe en el paradigma interpretativista que articula el proceso salud/enfermedad/atención que desarrollan los pueblos originarios y las lógicas positivistas de la biomedicina. El muestreo fue no probabilístico. Se realizó estudio de caso y entrevista en profundidad. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó el análisis categorial aplicado a las entrevistas, construyendo interpretaciones desde los sentidos y significados que los propios actores transparentan en sus discursos y prácticas culturales. Resultados: El sistema cultural de salud mapuche-williche es relevado por los usuarios en un itinerario terapéutico que los lleva a complementar, alternar o sustituir la medicina occidental por la medicina mapuche para el tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus e hipertensión arterial. Conclusiones: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares conceptualizadas por el modelo médico oficial-hegemónico no son parte de la matriz cultural mapuche- williche, constatándose dificultades en la adherencia al tratamiento impuesto por la biomedicina en usuarios que viven en territorios con alta concentración de población indígena.
Buscando un mejoramiento en la salud oral de los adultos mayores: ¿Es necesaria una reforma al GES-60 años?
Authors: Valenzuela M. Josefina
Published: June 2019

En los próximos años, Chile será el país latinoamericano con mayor tasa de adultos mayores. El programa Garantías Explícitas en Salud de salud oral integral del adulto de 60 años (GES-60 años) garantiza el cuidado y tratamiento de la salud oral de este grupo etario. Sin embargo, éste presenta muy baja cobertura y utilización en sus servicios. Este artículo entrega una serie de hipótesis para explicar este fenómeno y propone una estrategia de intervención al programa, con el fin de aumentar esta cobertura y en consecuencia buscar un mejoramiento en los índices de salud bucal y en la calidad de vida de estas personas.
Entre la reflexividad, la confianza y la autorresponsabilidad: entrevista con el ‘Paciente experto ’ del Hospital Sótero del Río
Authors: Infante Antonio , Parada Raúl , Carvajal Yuri , Kottow Miguel , Moller Sebastián
Published: June 2019

La siguiente es la transcripción de una entrevista grabada el miércoles 22 de abril de 2015 al ‘paciente experto’ del Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur Oriente.

Fue una larga conversación, en la que intervinieron además otras

personas, de la que extractamos sus partes más pertinentes.
Giovanni Berlinguer (1924-2015)
Authors: Carvajal Yuri
Published: June 2019

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Ética de la protección y ley Ricarte Soto: de heridas y parches
Authors: Medina Sebastián , Kottow Miguel
Published: June 2019

El ensayo reflexiona sobre la recientemente promulgada Ley Ricarte Soto, que crea un Sistema de Protección Financiera para Tratamientos de Alto Costo en Chile. Como marco de referencia se utilizó la ética de la protección, dado que permite un análisis moralmente sustentable de las políticas sanitarias en tanto praxis conflictiva entre diversos agentes y pacientes morales, enfocado hacia el bien público. Comprendiendo el grado de injusticia social nacional, se asume que el ejercicio de la autonomía y empoderamiento respecto a los riesgos sanitarios es reducido para la mayoría de la población, por ende, es responsabilidad del Estado proteger a los ciudadanos susceptibles y/o vulnerados, proporcionando servicios sociales y de salud esenciales. Sustentado implícitamente en la ética de protección, se ha justificado la incorporación de tratamientos de alto costo y para enfermedades raras, ya que los afectados dentro de nuestra región se consideran vulnerados tanto por enfermedad como por pobreza y precario acceso a servicios de salud. Sin embargo, la Ley Ricarte Soto deja indefinidos los tratamientos de “alto costo”, estableciendo intrincados filtros hacia una comisión ministerial que evaluaría la incorporación de patologías dentro del Sistema de Protección. Además, la ley pide una variedad de criterios de sustentabilidad del programa, presenta una tensión insoluble entre las indeterminaciones de terapias de alto costo y los requerimientos de evidencia científica y tiene un tope financiero estatal bastante reducido para lo amplio de su mandato. Finalmente, ante los abundantes límites de esta propuesta legislativa, no se estaría ofreciendo una real protección a los grupos vulnerados, sino más bien otro “parche” que poco soluciona la gran herida en materia sociosanitaria que el Estado chileno padece.
Situación de salud en asentamientos precarios
Authors: Morgado Gabriela , Zenteno Elizabeth , Viveros Francisca , Gonazález Camila , Rodríguez Paula , Zamora Catalina
Published: June 2019

Objetivo: Conocer la situación de salud de los miembros del Campamento Manuel Bustos, en la región de Valparaíso, considerando sus características socioeconómicas y ambientales y la autopercepción del estado de salud. Material y Método: Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa, descriptiva y no experimental. Se aplicó un cuestionario a través de una entrevista semiestructurada a una muestra de 89 familias del campamento. Resultados: Las familias del campamento se caracterizan principalmente por ser jóvenes, asistir a controles (principalmente el Niño Sano y EMPA), estar casi en su totalidad inscritos en un CESFAM. Las viviendas poseen irregular eliminación de excretas y un 40% de los hogares tiene algún miembro con hipertensión arterial. En promedio, los residentes valoran su estado de salud con nota 5 en una escala de 1 a 7. Conclusión: Se observó que la situación de salud de los habitantes del campamento presenta aspectos positivos vinculados a la inscripción en CESFAM y la asistencia a controles. No obstante, la alta presencia de hipertensión arterial, las precarias condiciones de eliminación de excretas y la presencia de basurales cercanos son factores de riesgo para la salud, que deberán ser atendidas por los organismos gubernamentales y no gubernamentales que trabajan en este territorio.
EDUCAÇÃO, COMPLEXIDADE E AMBIENTE: UM DIÁLOGO POSSÍVEL
Authors: Jaskiw Eliandra Francielli Bini , Lautert Luiz Fernando de Carli , Gerhardt Renata
Published: June 2019

Esta pesquisa de natureza teórica tem como propósito investigar e apresentar ideias convergentes sobre o pensamento complexo. O pensamento complexo é uma teoria relativamente nova e vem sendo inserida na educação e na análise de questões relacionadas ao meio ambiente. Para tanto, a partir do estudo e análise de textos específicos de autores que visam à complexidade das relações, realiza-se um diálogo entre o pensamento de Edgar Morin, Paulo Freire, Milton Santos, Leonardo Boff, Fritjot Capra, Enrique Leff e Jared Diamond, incluindo autores citados por eles em suas obras analisadas. A princípio são analisadas as questões acerca de uma educação emancipadora, finalizando com análises sobre colapsos ambientais e a proposta do Bem Viver. Todas as questões propostas estão influenciadas pelo pensamento complexo, das relações sistêmicas. A reflexão apresentada pode subsidiar a discussões e debates entre profissionais vinculados à educação e ao meio ambiente de modo a contribuir para uma reorientação e humanização das práticas educativas.
Eosinophilic peritonitis in a patient with liver cirrhosis: A case report
Authors: Pang Mengyuan , Hua Fang , Zhi Yixiao , Qin Eryun , Tao Yu , Hua Rui
Published: June 2019

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG) is a gastrointestinal disease characterized by abnormal infiltration of eosinophilic cells in the gastrointestinal tract, excluding known causes of eosinophilia. Eosinophilic peritonitis (EP) is rare and is considered by most scholars to be a systemic or local allergy to exogenous or endogenous allergens. It is a clinical manifestation of eosinophilic gastroenteritis involving the serosal layer. Hereby, we report a case of EP in a patient with liver cirrhosis. A 32-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for intermittent fatigue, abdominal distension and abdominal pain. On account of clinical feature and pathological results of peritoneal puncture biopsy, excluding other causes of peripheral eosinophilia, the diagnosis of EP with hepatic cirrhosis was established. The possibility of EP should be paid great attention to patients with cirrhosis with peritonitis. Gastrointestinal endoscope biopsy, laparoscopy or peritoneal puncture biopsy are conducive to the diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Therefore, once the disease is suspected, gastrointestinal endoscope biopsy should be performed actively, and multiple pathological samples should be taken to contribute to diagnosis and treatment. Laparoscopy or peritoneal puncture biopsy is of vital significance for definitive diagnosis.
Simultaneous versus Consecutive Movie Narration: An Attempt at Boosting L2 Oral Communication Skills
Authors: Tahami Sepideh , Parvizi Gholam Reza
Published: June 2019

Fluency in one of the most significant components of oral communication, and in the communication era, when it is essential for almost everyone to master speaking skills in foreign languages, especially English, this component needs to be put in the spotlight. Diverse steps have been taken in the world of SLA to promote learners' fluency in L2, yet there is still much to do in this arena. The present study aims at probing the effectiveness of simultaneous movie narrations as a new fluency-booster strategy. To this end, 66 students of IELTS speaking preparation classes in an institute in Tehran, Iran were selected and put into 2 groups of 33 (each group distributed in 3 classes). The homogeneity of the sample was checked by a mock IETLS test obtained from Cambridge IELTS 10 (Cambridge Local Examinations syndicate ( 2015) and through a MANOVA. The treatments contained 24 hours of training and practice on IELTS speaking strategies, offered to them in 16 sessions of 90 minutes. The first half of each session was allocated to teaching and practice on the institute’s main course book – Focusing on IELTS - Listening and Speaking Skills (Thurlow & O'Sullivan, 2011). In the second 45 minutes, learners of both groups were exposed to the same 10-minute movie extracts, and practiced their narration and speaking skills in pair-group activities. Learners of the consecutive narration group narrated the movie plot and actions with delay (consecutively) whereas those of the simultaneous narration group narrated them simultaneously as the movie was being played. The results of the statistical analysis of the posttest highlighted that simultaneous narration group learners outperformed those of the consecutive narration group in terms of oral communication skills. The findings of this study have pedagogical implications for English teachers, teacher trainers, exam preparation teachers and simultaneous interpreters’ trainer.
Wat Nederland meer kan doen om gebouwen sneller en beter toegankelijk te maken (ook zonder het VN-verdrag Handicap)
Authors: Laan O.
Published: June 2019

Wat Nederland meer kan doen om gebouwen sneller en beter toegankelijk te maken (ook zonder het VN-verdrag Handicap)

Nederland heeft in 2016 het VN-verdrag Handicap geratificeerd. Artikel 9 van het verdrag verplicht Nederland om bestaande en nieuwe gebouwen geleidelijk en proactief volledig toegankelijk te maken voor personen met een handicap. Volgens de overheid is het realiseren van een inclusieve samenwerking met de implementatie van het verdrag geen kwestie van op landelijk niveau ‘op een knop drukken’, maar vooral een proces van cultuurverandering en vernieuwing dat zijn beslag moet krijgen in de samenleving, met name op lokaal niveau en met inachtneming van ieders verantwoordelijkheid. Dat neemt niet weg dat Nederland veel meer kan doen om gebouwen sneller en beter toegankelijk te maken. Ook zonder het VN-verdrag Handicap.
Het managen van communicatiefouten in verdachtenverhoren en crisisonderhandelingen
Authors: Oostinga Miriam
Published: June 2019

Communication error management in suspect interviews and crisis negotiations

A vast amount of research focuses on what should be said and done in suspect interviews and crisis negotiations to make the suspect cooperate. This article discusses the most important findings of five empirical studies that focus on the situation in which something wrong is said, which may undermine cooperation. The findings show that communication errors have both positive and negative effects on the suspect and law enforcement officer. Yet, it is the verbal response of the law enforcement officer that determines its overall direction. It is important to acquire knowledge on this topic, as there is a likely chance of making communication errors in these high-stake interactions and with these insights you can prepare yourself for when this situation occurs.
MEDIATION AS A TOOL FOR SOLVING SCHOOL AND FAMILY CONFLICTS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF STUDENT YOUTH
Authors: Urbańska Magda
Published: June 2019

Conflicts accompany the life of every human being. Family and school, where different needs and interests cross, are also not free of conflicts. One of the ways of solving them is mediation during which with the assistance of an impartial and neutral mediator the conflicted members of a school or family communities can work out a mutually satisfactory agreement on their own. It is possible to solve a family or school conflict through mediation in a hasty manner, without any aggression or violence, in an atmosphere of mutual respect. Mediation is also a chance of maintaining or even enhancing the marital, family and student relationships disturbed as a result of the conflict. Hence, it is more and more frequently used as a tool for solving school and family conflicts. The author’s own research attempts to consider
school and family mediation from the perspective of student youth – future counselors, form teachers, and family assistants
GOOD BEHAVIOR GAME – AN ALTERNATIVE TO TRADITIONAL CLASS MANAGEMENT METHODS
Authors: Kocoń-Rychter Katarzyna , Ferdyn Emanuel , Kwatera Anna , Okulicz-Kozaryn Katarzyna
Published: June 2019

The Good Behavior Game (GBG) is a universal prevention program. Its effectiveness in diminishing risky behaviors has been confirmed in several studies. GBG targets
children starting their school education with the objective to create a positive school environment for all students and to improve their social functioning. In this article we would like to present: 1) GBG as a classroom behavior management method implemented in several countries across years; 2) the project of GBG adaptation to Polish schools and: 3) experiences of Polish GBG coaches after the first year of program implementation. GBG is based on behavioral
theories and the life course/social field theory. It centers on four key elements: class rules, team membership, positive reinforcement (praises, rewards, celebrations) and monitoring of children’s behaviors and GBG data. In Poland, the program is piloted in Warsaw and Kraków. In the article, evaluation data collected in individual interviews with GBG coaches are presented and discussed.