bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation and characterization of Silicalite‐1/PDMS surface sieving pervaporation membrane for separation of ethanol/water mixture
Authors: Liu Xiangyan , Hu Deng , Li Meng , Zhang Jianming , Zhu Zhigao , Zeng Gaofeng , Zhang Yanfeng , Sun Yuhan
Published: May 2015

To improve the pervaporation performance of Silicalite‐1/PDMS composite membrane by adding a small amount of Silicalite‐1 zeolite, novel Silicalite‐1/PDMS surface sieving membranes (SSMs) were prepared by attaching Silicalite‐1 particles on the PDMS membrane surface. The obtained membranes and traditional mixed‐matrix membranes (MMMs) were characterized by SEM, XRD, TGA, FT‐IR, and pervaporation separation of ethanol–water mixture. Effects of Silicalite‐1 particles content, feed temperatures, and feed compositions on the separation performance were discussed. From the cross‐section view SEM images of SSMs, a two‐layer structure was observed. The thickness of the Silicalite‐1 layer was about 300 nm to 2 μm. The TGA analysis indicates that the zeolite concentration in 3 wt % SSM is lower than 10 wt % MMMs. In the ethanol/water pervaporation experiment, the separation factor of Silicalite‐1/PDMS SSMs increased considerably compared with pure PDMS membrane. When the suspensions concentrations of Silicalite‐1 particles reached 3 wt %, the separation factor was about 217% increase over pure PDMS membrane and 52.9% increase over 10 wt % Silicalite‐1/PDMS MMMs. As the ethanol concentration in the feed increases, the separation factor of SSMs increases, whereas permeation flux decreases. At the same time, with increasing operating temperature, the permeation flux of SSMs increased. The stability of SSMs at high temperature is better than the traditional MMMs. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42460.
The Role of MicroRNAs and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 in Proliferative Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Costa‐Reis Patrícia , Russo Pierre A. , Zhang Zhe , Colonna Lucrezia , Maurer Kelly , Gallucci Stefania , Schulz Steffan W. , Kiani Adnan N. , Petri Michelle , Sullivan Kathleen E.
Published: May 2015

Objective

To understand the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in proliferative lupus nephritis (LN).

Methods

A high‐throughput analysis of the miRNA pattern of the kidneys of LN patients and controls was performed by molecular digital detection. Urinary miRNAs were measured by quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). Target gene expression in human mesangial cells was evaluated by arrays and qRT‐PCR. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER‐2) was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in kidney samples from LN patients and in a murine model of lupus. Urinary levels of HER‐2, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP‐1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM‐1) were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

Levels of the miRNAs miR‐26a and miR‐30b were decreased in the kidneys and urine of LN patients. In vitro these miRNAs controlled mesangial cell proliferation, and their expression was regulated by HER‐2. HER‐2 was overexpressed in lupus‐prone NZM2410 mice and in the kidneys of patients with LN, but not in other mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritides. HER‐2 was found to be up‐regulated by interferon‐α and interferon regulatory factor 1. Urinary HER‐2 was increased in LN and reflected disease activity, and its levels correlated with those of 2 other recognized LN biomarkers, MCP‐1 and VCAM‐1.

Conclusion

The kidney miRNA pattern is broadly altered in LN, which contributes to uncontrolled cell proliferation. Levels of the miRNAs miR‐26a and miR‐30b are decreased in the kidneys and urine of LN patients, and they directly regulate the cell cycle in mesangial cells. The levels of these miRNAs are controlled by HER‐2, which is overexpressed in NZM2410 mice and in the kidneys and urine of LN patients. HER‐2, miR‐26a, and miR‐30b are thus potential LN biomarkers, and blocking HER‐2 may be a promising new strategy to decrease cell proliferation and damage in this disease.
Bronchiectasis Is a Model for Chronic Bacterial Infection Inducing Autoimmunity in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Quirke Anne‐Marie , Perry Elizabeth , Cartwright Alison , Kelly Clive , De Soyza Anthony , Eggleton Paul , Hutchinson David , Venables Patrick J.
Published: May 2015

Objective

To examine the potential of chronic severe bacterial infection to generate rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti–citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs), by studying patients with bronchiectasis (BR) alone and BR patients with rheumatoid arthritis (BR/RA).

Methods

We studied 122 patients with BR alone, 50 patients with BR/RA, and 50 RA patients without lung disease, as well as 87 patients with asthma and 79 healthy subjects as controls. RF levels were measured using an automated analyzer, and cyclic citrullinated peptide 2 (CCP‐2) was used to detect ACPAs. The fine specificities of citrullinated α‐enolase peptide 1 (CEP‐1), Cit‐vimentin, and Cit‐fibrinogen to their arginine‐containing control peptides (arginine‐containing α‐enolase peptide 1 [REP‐1], vimentin, and fibrinogen) were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

Among the BR patients and control subjects, 39% and 42%, respectively, were ever‐smokers. The frequency of RF positivity in serum was increased in BR patients compared with controls (25% versus 10%), as were the frequencies of antibodies to CCP‐2 (5% versus 0%), CEP‐1 (7% versus 4%), Cit‐vimentin (7% versus 4%), and Cit‐fibrinogen (12% versus 4%), although only the differences for RF and Cit‐fibrinogen were significant (P < 0.05). We observed a corresponding increase in the frequency of antibodies to the arginine‐containing control peptides in BR patients compared with controls (for REP‐1, 19% versus 4% [P < 0.01]; for vimentin, 16% versus 4% [P < 0.05]), demonstrating that the ACPA response in patients with BR is not citrulline specific. The lack of citrulline specificity was further confirmed by absorption studies. In BR/RA patients, all ACPA responses were highly citrulline specific.

Conclusion

Bronchiectasis is an unusual but potent model for the induction of autoimmunity in RA by bacterial infection in the lung. Our study suggests that the ACPA response is not citrulline specific during the early stages of tolerance breakdown but becomes more specific in patients with BR in whom BR/RA develops.
Magnetic solid‐phase extraction for determination of sulpiride in human urine and blood using high‐performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Zhao Jiao , Liao Wenlong , Yang Yaling
Published: May 2015

A novel and efficient sample preconcentration technique based on the Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4 MNPs) coated with silica (SiO2) has been developed for extraction and determination of sulpiride. The functionalized MNPs showed excellent dispersibility in aqueous solution and were applied to magnetic solid‐phase extraction of sulpiride from human urine and blood prior to high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis. The separation, preconcentration and desorption procedure was completed in 10 min. Optimal experimental conditions, including sample pH, the amount of the MNPs, eluent type and volume, and the ultrasonication time were studied and established. The method showed good linearity for the determination of sulpiride in the concentration range of 10–1000 ng/mL in urine and blood. The recovery of the method was in the range between 91.2 and 97.5%, and the limit of detection was 2 ng/mL for sulpiride in human blood and urine. The results indicated that the present procedure is a suitable pretreatment method for biological samples. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cancer stem cell marker‐expressing cell‐rich spheroid fabrication from PANC‐1 cells using alginate microcapsules with spherical cavities templated by gelatin microparticles
Authors: Sakai Shinji , Inamoto Kazuya , Ashida Tomoaki , Takamura Ryo , Taya Masahito
Published: May 2015

Cancer stem‐like cells (CSCs) are rare subpopulations of cancer cells. The development of three‐dimensional tissues abundant in CSCs is important to both the understanding and establishment of novel therapeutics targeting them. Here, we describe the fabrication of multicellular tumor spheroids (MTSs) abundant in CSCs by employing alginate microcapsules with spherical cavities templated by cell‐enclosing gelatin microparticles. Encapsulated human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC‐1 cells grew for 14 days until they filled the cavities. The percentage of cells expressing reported CSC markers CD24, CD44, and epithelial‐specific antigen (ESA), increased during this growth period. The percentage at 24 days of incubation, 22%, was 1.6 times higher than that of MTSs formed on a nonadherent surface in the same period of incubation. The MTSs in microcapsules could be cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen using a conventional method. No significant difference in the content of CSC marker‐expressing cells was detected at 3 days of incubation when thawed after cryopreservation for 2 weeks, compared with cells incubated without prior cryopreservation. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 31:1071–1076, 2015
Development of advanced host cell protein enrichment and detection strategies to enable process relevant spike challenge studies
Authors: Soderquist Ryan G. , Trumbo Mihaela , Hart Roger A. , Zhang Qingchun , Flynn Gregory C.
Published: May 2015

An orthogonal chromatography methodology for the enrichment of host cell protein (HCP) species relative to monoclonal antibody (mAb) products was developed and applied for the successful enrichment of HCP from post‐Protein A process pools for seven different mAb products. An advanced two‐dimensional liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry platform (2D‐LC/MSE) was utilized to demonstrate that the HCP enriched material was representative, in terms of species content, to pre‐enriched process pools. The HCP enrichment methodology was scaled up for two different mAb products, and this process relevant enriched HCP material was used to conduct advanced spike challenge studies to demonstrate the utility of the approach for the understanding of (1) quantitative HCP clearance, (2) individual species clearance, and (3) species clearance redundancy across polishing chromatography steps. The combined ability to enrich process relevant HCP, detect individual HCP species with 2D‐LC/MSE technology, and conduct advanced challenge studies with process relevant material surmounts prior limitations to high integrity process challenge study implementation, and facilitates significant process understanding for development of risk‐based control strategies and strategic process design. This also demonstrates implementation of a foundational strategy for conducting spike‐challenge studies using process‐relevant impurities isolated from processes of interest using orthogonal approaches. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 31:983–989, 2015
Balloon mitral valvotomy in youngest documented rheumatic mitral stenosis patient
Authors: Sarkar Achyut , Patil Shailesh , Ahmed Imran
Published: May 2015

Juvenile rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) is common in the Indian subcontinent. Early recognition and management is essential. Rarely rheumatic MS may occur in <5 years of age, wherein rapid hemodynamic progression and cardiac morbidity and mortality occurs. Severe/symptomatic MS in preschool age requires urgent and meticulous decision making. Condition of valve and wishes of parents may complicate management decisions. Percutaneous transmitral commissurotomy (PTMC) may, therefore, become the only life‐saving intervention in these cases unless contraindicated, although the procedure entails considerable technical issues in this age group. Herein, we report a successful balloon mitral valvotomy in a 4‐year‐old child with severe rheumatic MS (documented since 2 years 6 months of age) presenting with repeated pulmonary edema. To the best of our knowledge, this child is the youngest documented case of established rheumatic heart disease and also one of the youngest PTMC procedure performed. This report supports the clinical usefulness of PTMC in childhood MS; however, pertinent technical issues are raised, which needs a proper consensus. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Post mortem study of the depth and circumferential location of sympathetic nerves in human renal arteries—Implications for renal denervation catheter design
Authors: Roy Andrew K. , Fabre Aurelie , Cunningham Melanie , Buckley Una , Crotty Thomas , Keane David
Published: May 2015

Objectives

The aims of this study were to examine human renal arteries and to accurately characterize their sympathetic innervation and location using CD‐56 immunohistochemistry stains to highlight Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules (N‐CAM).

Background

Porcine models have often formed the basis for design of denervation technology, with only a limited number of human studies available to detail the complex microarray of renal sympathetic nerves.

Methods

Post‐mortem renal arteries (N = 14) were harvested and prepared into three sections (proximal, mid, and distal), and then stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin, followed by immunohistochemistry to characterize the expression of CD‐56 renal neural tissue. Digital micro calipers were then used to measure the nerve distances and locations within the vessels.

Results

(i) Approximately 77% of nerves are located between 0.5 and 2.5 mm from the tunica intima layer, with 22.5% occurring in the 2.5–5.0 mm range, (ii) nerve bundles occur in 3‐dimensional arborized arrays, (iii) the nerve bundles are evenly distributed throughout the proximal and distal vessel in this human study. Thickness of vessel wall correlated with proximity of the nerve bundles (r = 0.74, P < 0.01), and nerve bundle thickness (r = 0.62, P = 0.04). The larger the internal and external diameters and areas of the vessel were, the further the distance to the nearest nerve bundles were (r = 0.752, P =<0.01).

Conclusions

In human renal arteries with larger diameters and thicker vessel parenchyma, the innervation is found further from the lumen, and the nerves increase in thickness. This has implications for catheter and system design, as well as depth and duration of energy required for effective ablations. Effective percutaneous transluminal denervation procedures in this population would need to be circumferential rather than interrupted, and to mediate tissue damage to depths beyond 2.5 mm from the tunica intima. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Percutaneous closure of the patent foramen ovale, easy does it
Authors: Meier Bernhard
Published: May 2015

Key Points

Closure of the patent foramen ovale does not benefit from echocardiographic guidance in the majority of cases.

Guiding these procedures with fluoroscopy only reduces procedure time, radiation exposure, and amount of contrast medium.

There is a clear trend to abandon echocardiographic guidance for this procedure over time and with growing experience.
Controlling the Course of a Two‐Way Switchable Pd‐Catalyzed Process by means of Empirical Multivariate Models
Authors: Sandtorv Alexander H. , Bjørsvik Hans‐René
Published: May 2015

A two‐way switchable Pd‐catalyzed process that can pursue two different mechanisms, namely hydro‐ and methoxy‐deiodination was discovered, developed, and optimized by means of statistical experimental design, multivariate modelling, and response surface methodology. The investigation revealed that the two‐way switchable process might be controlled either by ligand alone, or by ligand and other process variables in combination. The present study represents the first example of a catalytic system that provides either hydro‐ or methoxy‐deiodination selectively by simply fine‐tuning the experimental variables.
Facet‐Dependent Catalytic Activity of Palladium Nanocrystals in Tsuji–Trost Allylic Amination Reactions with Product Selectivity
Authors: Chanda Kaushik , Rej Sourav , Liu Shu‐Ya , Huang Michael H.
Published: May 2015

Pd nanocubes, cuboctahedra, and octahedra with good size control were used to catalyze CN bond formation in the Tsuji–Trost allylic amination reaction of aniline. Nanocubes gave either monoallylaniline or diallylaniline depending on the amount of allyl bromide used, but the octahedra and cuboctahedra only gave mixtures of monoallylaniline and diallylaniline under the same reaction conditions. The Pd nanocubes were stable over multiple cycles of the reaction. The cubes and octahedra were demonstrated to catalyze the amination reaction by using a wide variety of substituted anilines, but the cubes were the best catalyst with consistently the highest efficiency, product yield, and product selectivity. This work demonstrates that the use of metal nanocrystals with proper facet control is important for catalyzing coupling reactions with product selectivity.
Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulation of PdZn Alloying and Density Functional Study of PdZn Surface Reactivity towards Water Dissociation
Authors: Cheng Feng , Chen Zhao‐Xu
Published: May 2015

Two‐monolayer‐Zn covered Pd(1 1 1) annealed at (low) 500 K exhibits nice CO2 selectivity for CH3OH+H2O to CO2+H2, whereas CO is yielded exclusively when annealed at (high) 650 K. To unravel the reason behind the phenomenon, kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations were used to study the alloying process. It shows the low temperature annealing produces a multilayer 1:1 PdZn alloy, whereas the high temperature operation results in a Zn‐lean multilayer alloy, not the previously assumed monolayer PdZn alloy on Pd. The geometry and electronic structures of the models derived from KMC simulation agrees with the relevant experiments. The low temperature sample is more active than the high temperature one for H2O dissociation, in line with the assumption that H2O dissociation controls CO2 selectivity. It is revealed that triple Zn ensembles which form three‐fold hollow sites account for the activity for H2O dissociation.
Cooperative Binding of Divalent Diamides by N‐Alkyl Ammonium Resorcinarene Chlorides
Authors: Beyeh N. Kodiah , Ala‐Korpi Altti , Pan Fangfang , Jo Hyun Hwa , Anslyn Eric V. , Rissanen Kari
Published: May 2015

N‐Alkyl ammonium resorcinarene chlorides, stabilized by an intricate array of hydrogen bonds leading to a cavitand‐like structure, bind amides. The molecular recognition occurs through intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the carbonyl oxygen and the amide hydrogen of the guests and the cation–anion circular hydrogen‐bonded seam of the hosts, as well as through CH⋅⋅⋅π interactions. The N‐alkyl ammonium resorcinarene chlorides cooperatively bind a series of di‐acetamides of varying spacer lengths ranging from three to seven carbons. Titration data fit either a 1:1 or 2:1 binding isotherm depending on the spacer lengths. Considering all the guests possess similar binding motifs, the first binding constants were similar (K1: 102 M−1) for each host. The second binding constant was found to depend on the upper rim substituent of the host and the spacer length of the guests, with the optimum binding observed with the six‐carbon spacer (K2: 103 M−2). Short spacer lengths increase steric hindrance, whereas longer spacer lengths increase flexibility thus reducing cooperativity. The host with the rigid cyclohexyl upper rim showed stronger binding than the host with flexible benzyl arms. The cooperative binding of these divalent guests was studied in solution through 1H NMR titration studies and supplemented by diffusion‐ordered spectroscopy (DOSY), X‐ray crystallography, and mass spectrometry.
A Facile Synthesis of High‐Surface‐Area Sulfur–Carbon Composites for Li/S Batteries
Authors: Kaiser Mohammad Rejaul , Liang Xin , Konstantinov Konstantin , Liu Hua‐Kun , Dou Shi‐Xue , Wang Jia‐Zhao
Published: May 2015

Small‐grained elemental sulfur is precipitated from sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) in a carbon‐containing oxalic acid (HOOCCOOH) solution through a novel spray precipitation method. Surface area analysis, elemental mapping, and transmission electron micrographs revealed that the spray‐precipitated sulfur particles feature 11 times higher surface area compared to conventional precipitated sulfur, with homogeneous distribution in the carbon. Moreover, the scanning electron micrographs show that these high‐surface‐area sulfur particles are firmly adhered to and covered by carbon. This precipitated S–C composite exhibits high discharge capacity with about 75 % capacity retention. The initial discharge capacity was further improved to 1444 mA h g−1 by inserting a free‐standing single‐walled carbon nanotube layer in between the cathode and the separator. Moreover, with the help of the fixed capacity charging technique, 91.6 % capacity retention was achieved.
trans‐(Cl)‐[Ru(5,5′‐diamide‐2,2′‐bipyridine)(CO)2Cl2]: Synthesis, Structure, and Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction Activity
Authors: Kuramochi Yusuke , Fukaya Kyohei , Yoshida Makoto , Ishida Hitoshi
Published: May 2015

A series of trans‐(Cl)‐[Ru(L)(CO)2Cl2]‐type complexes, in which the ligands L are 2,2′‐bipyridyl derivatives with amide groups at the 5,5′‐positions, are synthesized. The C‐connected amide group bound to the bipyridyl ligand through the carbonyl carbon atom is twisted with respect to the bipyridyl plane, whereas the N‐connected amide group is in the plane. DFT calculations reveal that the twisted structure of the C‐connected amide group raises the level of the LUMO, which results in a negative shift of the first reduction potential (Ep) of the ruthenium complex. The catalytic abilities for CO2 reduction are evaluated in photoreactions (λ>400 nm) with the ruthenium complexes (the catalyst), [Ru(bpy)3]2+ (bpy=2,2′‐bipyridine; the photosensitizer), and 1‐benzyl‐1,4‐dihydronicotinamide (the electron donor) in CO2‐saturated N,N‐dimethylacetamide/water. The logarithm of the turnover frequency increases by shifting Ep a negative value until it reaches the reduction potential of the photosensitizer.
Hydrodynamic and Thermophoretic Effects on the Supramolecular Chirality of Pyrene‐Derived Nanosheets
Authors: Micali Norberto , Vybornyi Mykhailo , Mineo Placido , Khorev Oleg , Häner Robert , Villari Valentina
Published: May 2015

Chiroptical properties of two‐dimensional (2D) supramolecular assemblies (nanosheets) of achiral, charged pyrene trimers (Py3) are rendered chiral by asymmetric physical perturbations. Chiral stimuli in a cuvette can originate either from controlled temperature gradients or by very gentle stirring. The chiroptical activity strongly depends on the degree of supramolecular order of the nanosheets, which is easily controlled by the method of preparation. The high degree of structural order ensures strong cooperative effects within the aggregates, rendering them more susceptible to external stimuli. The samples prepared by using slow thermal annealing protocols are both CD and LD active (in stagnant and stirred solutions), whereas for isothermally aged samples chiroptical activity was in all cases undetectable. In the case of temperature gradients, the optical activity of 2D assemblies could be recorded for a stagnant solution due to migration of the aggregates from the hottest to the coldest regions of the system. However, a considerably stronger exciton coupling, coinciding with the J‐band of the interacting pyrenes, is developed upon subtle vortexing (0.5 Hz, 30 rpm) of the aqueous solution of the nanosheets. The sign of the exciton coupling is inverted upon switching between clockwise and counter‐clockwise rotation. The supramolecular chirality is evidenced by the appearance of CD activity. To exclude artefacts from proper CD spectra, the contribution from LD to the observed CD was determined. The data suggest that the aggregates experience asymmetrical deformation and alignment effects because of the presence of chiral flows.
Group 9 Metal Complexes of meso‐Aryl‐Substituted Rubyrin
Authors: Soya Takanori , Osuka Atsuhiro
Published: May 2015

The metalation of meso‐tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)‐substituted [26]rubyrin has been explored with Group 9 metal salts (RhI, CoII, IrIII), affording a Hückel aromatic [26]rubyrin–bis‐RhI complex with a highly curved gable‐like structure, a Hückel antiaromatic [24]rubyrin–bis‐CoII complex that displays intramolecular antiferromagnetic coupling between the two CoII ions (J=−4.5 cm−1), and two Cp*‐capped IrIII complexes; in one, the iridium metal sits on the [26]rubyrin frame with two IrN bonds, whereas the other has an additional IrC bond, although both IrIII complexes display moderate aromatic character. This work demonstrates characteristic metalation abilities of this [26]rubyrin toward Group 9 metals.
Glycosyl‐Templated Chiral Helix Stapling of Ethynylpyridine Oligomers by Alkene Metathesis between Inter‐Pitch Side Chains
Authors: Abe Hajime , Kayamori Fumihiro , Inouye Masahiko
Published: May 2015

Ethynylpyridine polymers and oligomers consisting of 4‐substituted pyridine rings linked by acetylene bonds at the 2‐ and 6‐positions have been investigated. Ethynylpyridine oligomers covalently linked with a glycosyl chiral template form chiral helical complexes by intramolecular hydrogen bonding, in which the chirality of the template is translated to the helix. With a view to fixation of the chiral architecture, D/L‐galactosyl‐ and D/L‐mannosyl‐linked ethynylpyridine oligomers have been developed with 4‐(3‐butenyloxy)pyridine units having alkene side chains. The helical structures are successfully stapled by alkene metathesis of the side chains. Subsequent removal of the chiral templates by acidolysis produces template‐free stapled oligomers. The chiral, template‐free, stapled oligomers show chiral helicity, which is resistant to polar solvents and heating.
Nucleophilic β‐Carbon Activation of Propionic Acid as a 3‐Carbon Synthon by Carbene Organocatalysis
Authors: Jin Zhichao , Jiang Ke , Fu Zhenqian , Torres Jaume , Zheng Pengcheng , Yang Song , Song Bao‐An , Chi Yonggui Robin
Published: May 2015

Direct β‐carbon activation of propionic acid (C2H5CO2H) by carbene organocatalysis has been developed. This activation affords the smallest azolium homoenolate intermediate (without any substituent) as a 3‐carbon nucleophile for enantioselective reactions. Propionic acid is an excellent raw material because it is cheap, stable, and safe. This approach provides a much better solution to azolium homoenolate synthesis than the previously established use of acrolein (enal without any substituent), which is expensive, unstable, and toxic.
f‐Block Ansa Complexes in the Solid State: [3]Thoro‐ and [3]Uranocenophanes
Authors: Braunschweig Holger , Celik Mehmet Ali , Dück Klaus , Hupp Florian , Krummenacher Ivo
Published: May 2015

The preparation of [3]thoro‐ and [3]uranocenophanes, the first structurally authenticated ansa‐bridged complexes of actinocenes, is reported. Following a flytrap route, 1,2‐bis(cyclooctatetraenyldimethylsilyl)methane was synthesized, reduced to its tetraanion, and subsequently converted into bridged uranocene and thorocene complexes by salt metathesis with the corresponding actinide tetrachlorides. In addition, their electronic structures have been investigated by experimental (UV/Vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry) and theoretical (DFT) methods.
ChemInform Abstract: An 18‐Electron System Containing a Superheavy Element: Theoretical Studies of Sg@Au12.
Authors: Cao Guo‐Jin , Schwarz W. H. Eugen , Li Jun
Published: May 2015

With reference to the high‐symmetric structure and significant stability of M@Au12 cage molecules (M = group 6 transition element), the geometric and electronic structures as well as bonding of various Sg@Au12 isomers are investigated by DFT (PW91, PBE, B3LYP) and wave function theory (MP2, CCSD(T)) approaches.
ChemInform Abstract: A High‐Pressure Polymorph of Phosphorus Oxonitride with the Coesite Structure.
Authors: Baumann Dominik , Niklaus Robin , Schnick Wolfgang
Published: May 2015

The title high‐pressure PON polymorph is obtained from cristobalite‐type PON by high‐temp, high‐pressure treatment (multianvil cell, 1300 °C, 15.5 GPa, 1 h).
ChemInform Abstract: CePd2Al2, CePd3Al3, and CePd4Al4 — A New Homologous Series Built of CaBe2Ge2‐ and CsCl‐Type Units.
Authors: Tursina Anna , Khamitcaeva Emma , Gribanov Alexander , Gnida Daniel , Kaczorowski Dariusz
Published: May 2015

CePd2Al2 (I), CePd3Al3 (II), CePd3.04Al2.96, CePd4Al4 (III), and CePd4.06Al3.94 are prepared by arc melting of the elements followed by annealing (evacuated quartz tubes, 1070 K, ≥ 30 d).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Look at the Structural Properties of Trisodium Uranate Na3UO4.
Authors: Smith Anna L. , et al.
Published: May 2015

Na3UO4 is prepared by solid state reaction of pre‐heated, nearly stoichiometric UO2 and a mixture of Na2O and Na2O2 corresponding to a composition of Na2O1.14 (stainless steel container, 1073 K, 12 h, 1173 K, 24 h, and 1273 K, 24 h for the m, β, and α phases, resp.).
ChemInform Abstract: Rhombohedral Polytypes of the Layered Honeycomb Delafossites with Optical Brilliance in the Visible.
Authors: Roudebush John H. Roudebush John H. , Sahasrabudhe Girija , Bergman Susanna L. , Cava R. J.
Published: May 2015

Lime‐green Cu3Ni2SbO6 (I) and terracotta‐orange Cu3Co2SbO6 (II) are prepared via a topotactic reaction of layered α‐NaFeO2‐like precursors Na3Ni2SbO6 and Na3Co2SbO6 with CuCl (Al2O3 crucible in evacuated quartz tubes, 400 °C, 1 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Structural, Luminescence, and Electronic Properties of Potassium Holmium Cyclotetraphosphate KHoP4O12: Experiment and Theory.
Authors: Zhu Jing , Qian Wei , Zhu Zhongqi , Chen Hui
Published: May 2015

Single crystals of the new title compound are obtained by sintering of a mixture of K2CO3, Ho2O3, and NH4H2PO4 (corundum crucible, 673 K, 1 d; cooling to 373 K with a rate of 6 K/h).
ChemInform Abstract: Photoluminescent Thermometer Based on a Phase‐Transition Lanthanide Silicate with Unusual Structural Disorder.
Authors: Ananias Duarte , Paz Filipe A. Almeida , Yufit Dmitry S. , Carlos Luis D. , Rocha Joao
Published: May 2015

Na[(Gd1‐xEux)SiO4] (x = 0.01, 0.4, 1), Na[(Gd0.8Tb0.1Eu0.1)SiO4], and Na[(Gd0.9Tb0.1)SiO4] are typically prepared by hydrothermal synthesis from a mixture of lanthanide (Ln) nitrates and an alkaline Na2SiO3 solution (autoclave, 518 K, 5 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Two‐Dimensional Mineral [Pb2BiS3][AuTe2]: High‐Mobility Charge Carriers in Single‐Atom‐Thick Layers.
Authors: Fang Lei , Im Jino , Stoumpos Constantinos C. , Shi Fengyuan , Dravid Vinayak , Leroux Maxime , Freeman Arthur J. , Kwok Wai‐Kwong , Chung Duck Young , Kanatzidis Mercouri
Published: May 2015

Single crystals of [Pb2BiS3][AuTe2], known as the naturally occurring mineral buckhornite, are grown by a self‐flux method using the elements in stoichiometric amounts (evacuated quartz tubes, 850 °C, 2 h; cooling to 650 °C within 3 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Recycling Application of Li—MnO2 Batteries as Rechargeable Lithium—Air Batteries.
Authors: Hu Yuxiang , Zhang Tianran , Cheng Fangyi , Zhao Qing , Han Xiaopeng , Chen Jun
Published: May 2015

In view on the potential recycling of depleted Li‐MnO2 cells as rechargeable Li‐air cells with admitted O2, mesoporous MnO2 is prepared using mesoporous silica (KIT‐6) as the template dispersed in an aqueous Mn(NO3)2 solution prior to drying, calcining in air (400 °C, 3 h), and template removal by KOH (60 °C).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Heterogeneous Photocatalyst Based on Wells—Dawson Polyoxometalate and Nickel Coordination Compounds: Synthesis, Structure and Property.
Authors: Zhang Lei , Shan Bingqian , Yang Hongxun , Wu Dongshuang , Zhu Rui , Nie Jianhang , Cao Rong
Published: May 2015

The new compound [Ni(bipy)3]3 [P2W18O62] is prepared by hydrothermal reaction of Na2WO4, NiCl2, bipy, and H3PO4 at pH 2.5‐3.0 (autoclave, 160 °C, 5 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Quinine Catalyzed Asymmetric Michael Additions in a Sustainable Solvent.
Authors: Castro‐Osma Jose A. , Comerford James W. , Heath Samantha , Jones Oliver , Morcillo Maria , North Michael
Published: May 2015

Diethyl carbonate is found to be a suitable, sustainable solvent for the quinine‐catalyzed asymmetric Michael addition of malononitrile/α‐substituted malononitriles to enones.
ChemInform Abstract: Bisoxazoline‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Nucleophilic Addition of Diethyl Zinc to Fluorinated Alkyl Ketones: Enantiofacial Control by Changing the Bisoxazoline Substituent.
Authors: Sasaki Shigeru , Yamauchi Takayasu , Kanai Masatomi , Ishii Akihiro , Higashiyama Kimio
Published: May 2015

Optimum reaction conditions (structure of catalyst, solvent) are studied for the bisoxazoline‐catalyzed asymmetric nucleophilic addition of diethyl zinc to fluorinated alkyl ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: The First 4,4′‐Imidazolium‐Tagged C2‐Symmetric Bis(oxazolines): Application in the Asymmetric Henry Reaction.
Authors: Tang Li‐Wei , Dong Xiao , Zhou Zhi‐Ming , Liu Ying‐Qiang , Dai Li , Zhang Man
Published: May 2015

The title compounds, synthesized from dimethylmalonic acid, are successfully used as chiral ligands in the copper(II)‐catalyzed asymmetric Henry reaction of various aromatic aldehydes (I) and nitromethane (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Regiodivergent Halogenation of Vinylogous Esters: One‐Pot, Transition‐Metal‐Free Access to Differentiated Haloresorcinols.
Authors: Chen Xiaohong , Martinez Jenny S. , Mohr Justin T.
Published: May 2015

Starting from a common precursor mild reaction conditions are developed for the scalable regiodivergent preparation of 4‐ or 6‐haloresorcinols endowed with various functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Benzimidazolin‐2‐ylidene N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Ruthenium as a Simple Catalyst for the N‐Alkylation of Amines Using Alcohols and Diols.
Authors: Shan Siah Pei , Xiaoke Xie , Gnanaprakasam Boopathy , Dang Tuan Thanh , Ramalingam Balamurugan , Huynh Han Vinh , Seayad Abdul Majeed
Published: May 2015

Simple air and moisture stable ruthenium complexes are synthesized from readily available benzannulated N‐heterocyclic carbene ligands and applied as catalysts for the alkylation of various amines using alcohols under solvent‐free conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Ni‐Catalyzed α‐Arylation of Esters and Amides with Phenol Derivatives.
Authors: Koch Eva , Takise Ryosuke , Studer Armido , Yamaguchi Junichiro , Itami Kenichiro
Published: May 2015

The title reaction proceeds in the presence of an unique nickel catalyst, prepared in situ from Ni(cod)2, 3,4‐bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)thiophene (dcypt), and K3PO4.
ChemInform Abstract: A General Synthesis of Fluoroalkylated Alkenes by Palladium‐Catalyzed Heck‐Type Reaction of Fluoroalkyl Bromides.
Authors: Feng Zhang , Min Qiao‐Qiao , Zhao Hai‐Yang , Gu Ji‐Wei , Zhang Xingang
Published: May 2015

This is the first example of a Pd(II)‐catalyzed Heck‐type reaction of alkenes with perfluoroalkyl halides.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct α‐Arylation of Ethers Through the Combination of Photoredox‐Mediated C—H Functionalization and the Minisci Reaction.
Authors: Jin Jian , MacMillan David W. C.
Published: May 2015

Transient α‐oxyalkyl radicals from cyclic and noncyclic ethers are generated via photolytically induced hydrogen atom transfer.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Broensted Acid‐Catalyzed Friedel—Crafts Alkylation of Electron‐Rich Arenes with in situ‐Generated ortho‐Quinone Methides: Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of Diarylindolylmethanes and Triarylmethanes.
Authors: Saha Satyajit , Alamsetti Santosh Kumar , Schneider Christoph
Published: May 2015

An efficient asymmetric Friedel—Crafts alkylation of indoles and naphthols with in‐situ‐generated ortho‐quinone methides using an (R)‐BINOL derived phosphoric acid (BIN) as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Effects of B2pin2 and PCy3 on Copper‐Catalyzed Trifluoromethylation of Substituted Alkenes and Alkynes with the Togni Reagent.
Authors: Janson Paer G. , Ilchenko Nadia O. , Diez‐Varga Alberto , Szabo Kalman J.
Published: May 2015

The use of B2pin2 shows better results in the presented reaction than PCy3.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Hydration of Nitriles to Amides Using Hydrated Ionic Liquid (IL) Tetrabutylammonium Hydroxide (TBAH) as a Green Catalyst.
Authors: Veisi Hojat , Maleki Behrooz , Hamelian Mona , Ashrafi Samaneh Sedigh
Published: May 2015

A convenient and selective hydration of nitriles to the corresponding amides without any use of a transition metal is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Zirconium‐Mediated Multicomponent Reactions of 1,3‐Butadiynes with Ylidenemalononitriles to Form Functionalized 1,8‐Naphthyridine and Cyclopenta[b]pyridine Derivatives.
Authors: Yu Shasha , Sun Renhong , Chen Haoyi , Xie Xin , Liu Yuanhong
Published: May 2015

A zirconocene‐mediated multicomponent protocol via an intermediate zirconocene‐butadiyne complex is presented for the two‐step reaction of butadiynes with 1,1‐dicyanoethene compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Mediated Trifluoromethylation Using Phenyl Trifluoromethyl Sulfoxide.
Authors: Li Xinjin , Zhao Jingwei , Zhang Liang , Hu Mingyou , Wang Limin , Hu Jinbo
Published: May 2015

The preparation of a “CuCF3” species and its application in the trifluoromethylation of aryl iodides and activated aryl bromides as well as its cross‐coupling with terminal alkynes and aryl boronic acids are described.
ChemInform Abstract: E‐ or Z‐Selective Synthesis of 4‐Fluorovinyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles with Fluorinated Second‐Generation Julia—Kocienski Reagents.
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Singh Govindra , Todaro Louis J. , Yang Lijia , Zajc Barbara
Published: May 2015

Alkyl, aryl, and metallocenyl azides are tolerated for the preparation of the Julia‐Kociensky substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Combination of Fluoroalkylation and Kornblum—DeLaMare Reaction: A New Strategy for the Construction of (Z)‐β‐Perfluoroalkyl Enaminones.
Authors: Liu Chunmei , Shi Erbo , Xu Feng , Luo Qiang , Wang Hongxiang , Chen Jijun , Wan Xiaobing
Published: May 2015

This new multicomponent radical reaction involves a cleavage of two C—F bonds and one C—X bond and three new bonds (C=O, C=C, and C—N) are created.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Asymmetric Michael Addition of Aldehydes and Ketones to Nitroalkenes Catalyzed by Adamantoyl L‐Prolinamide.
Authors: Wang Yongchao , Li Dong , Lin Jun , Wei Kun
Published: May 2015

A series of adamantoyl L‐prolinamides is synthesized as highly efficient organocatalysts for the asymmetric Michael addition of aldehydes and ketones to nitroalkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (Z)‐Fluoroallyl Azides Through Aluminium‐Mediated Defluorinative Functionalization Reactions.
Authors: Sato Azusa , Yanai Hikaru , Suzuki Daiki , Okada Midori , Taguchi Takeo
Published: May 2015

Aluminum mediated defluorinative azidation of substrates (I) provides (Z)‐fluoroallyl azides as the major products.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Acetate Aldol Reactions of α‐Silyloxy Ketones.
Authors: Lorente Adriana , Pellicena Miquel , Romea Pedro , Urpi Felix
Published: May 2015

The title process is investigated in detail and ketones (I) and (V) are found to produce the desired 1,4‐syn aldol adducts with moderate to high stereocontrol when they react with achiral or chiral aldehydes after treatment with TiCl4 according to A).
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Palladium‐Catalyzed Aminocarbonylation of 1,3‐Dienes: Atom‐Efficient Synthesis of β,γ‐Unsaturated Amides.
Authors: Fang Xianjie , Li Haoquan , Jackstell Ralf , Beller Matthias
Published: May 2015

A palladium‐based catalyst system allows the aminocarbonylation of dienes with high regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Consecutive Three‐Component Synthesis of (Hetero)arylated Propargyl Amides by Chemoenzymatic Aminolysis—Sonogashira Coupling Sequence.
Authors: Hassan Sidra , Ullrich Anja , Mueller Thomas J. J.
Published: May 2015

The reaction provides access to N‐hetarylpropargyl and N‐arylpropargyl alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, benzyl and hetaryl amides endowed with a variety of functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple and Efficient Palladium Catalyst of Nitrogen‐Based Ligand for Cu(I)‐ and Amine‐Free Sonogashira Reaction.
Authors: Guo Meng‐ping , Liu Shi‐wen , Chen San‐bao , Wen Yong‐ju , Liang Hui , Lv Mei‐yun
Published: May 2015

A green approach for Sonogashira coupling of aryl halides and terminal alkynes is developed using copper‐, amine‐, and phosphine—free catalytic system based on palladium glycine ligand complex.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of ortho‐Haloaminoarenes by Aryne Insertion of Nitrogen—Halide Bonds.
Authors: Hendrick Charles E. , Wang Qiu
Published: May 2015

Preliminary investigations reveal that NCS is the optimal halogenating agent.
ChemInform Abstract: Cooperative Catalysis of p‐Aminophenol and Titanocene Dichloride in Direct Mannich Reactions with Acetone.
Authors: Zhu Xuyang , Chen Chun , Yu Binxun , Zhang Guofang , Zhang Weiqiang , Gao Ziwei
Published: May 2015

Titanocene dichloride/p‐aminophenol acts as efficient catalytic system, which allows for mild and highly efficient direct three‐component Mannich reactions of both aryl and alkyl ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of tert‐Butyl 1,3‐Diaryl‐3‐oxopropylcarbamates by a Regiocontrolled Reduction of Ketoaziridines.
Authors: Samimi Heshmat A. , Yamin Bohari M. , Saberi Fatemeh
Published: May 2015

The reductive ring opening of N—H ketoaziridines (I) in the presence of different electrophiles is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthetic Route to Bisaryl Ketones via Copper‐Catalyzed C—C Triple Bonds Cleavage.
Authors: Li Xiangguang , Huang Wenzhong , Liang Deqiang , Yuan Lin , Ma Yinhai , Gu Lijun
Published: May 2015

An efficient and practical copper‐catalyzed aerobic synthesis of bisaryl ketones from 1,2‐diarylalkynes via C—C triple bonds cleavage under mild conditions is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Carbonylation of Aromatic C—H Bonds of N‐Alkylanilines with CO and Alcohols for the Synthesis of o‐Aminobenzoates.
Authors: Chen Ming , Ren Zhi‐Hui , Wang Yao‐Yu , Guan Zheng‐Hui
Published: May 2015

Various aliphatic alcohols and phenol (XIIIb) can be used under CO atmosphere in the presence of Pd(O‐Ac)2 as an optimal catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Cascade Construction of C—C Bonds by Activation of Inert C(sp3)—H Bonds.
Authors: Zhang Honglin , Pan Changduo , Jin Ning , Gu Zhangxi , Hu Hongwen , Zhu Chengjian
Published: May 2015

The alkylation of alkenes with cycloalkanes is carried out by radical—based cascade reaction including C—H bond activation, SO2 elimination, and C—C bond formation.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Thioacylation of Amines in Water: A Convenient Preparation of Secondary Thioamides and Thiazolines.
Authors: Pathak Uma , Bhattacharyya Shubhankar , Mathur Sweta
Published: May 2015

Primary thioamides (I) are used for the direct selective thioacetylation of primary amines (II) in water.
ChemInform Abstract: Recyclable and Reusable Pd(OAc)2/PPh3/PEG‐2000 System for Homocoupling Reaction of Arylboronic Acids under Air Without Base.
Authors: Xia Jianhui , Cheng Mingzhu , Chen Qiurong , Cai Mingzhong
Published: May 2015

A series of symmetrical biaryls (II) is obtained under air without base.
ChemInform Abstract: CO Extrusion in Homogeneous Gold Catalysis: Reactivity of Gold Acyl Species Generated Through Water Addition to Gold Vinylidenes.
Authors: Bucher Janina , Stoesser Tim , Rudolph Matthias , Rominger Frank , Hashmi A. Stephen K.
Published: May 2015

A novel reactivity of gold vinylidenes is discovered through the addition reaction of water to gold vinylidene intermediates resulting in CO‐extrusion and cyclization to indenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Difunctionalization of Activated Alkynes by Radical Oxidation‐Tandem Cyclization/Dearomatization to Synthesize 3‐Trifluoromethyl Spiro[4.5]trienones.
Authors: Hua Hui‐Liang , He Yu‐Tao , Qiu Yi‐Feng , Li Ying‐Xiu , Song Bo , Gao Pin , Song Xian‐Rong , Guo Dong‐Hui , Liu Xue‐Yuan , Liang Yong‐Min
Published: May 2015

Under optimized conditions the reaction of arylpropiolamides and esters with sodium trifluoromethanesulfinate affords spirotrienones in moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Tandem 1,5‐Hydride Shift/Ring Closure for the Synthesis of Chiral Spirooxindole Tetrahydroquinolines.
Authors: Cao Weidi , Liu Xiaohua , Guo Jing , Lin Lili , Feng Xiaoming
Published: May 2015

A chiral N,N′‐dioxide complex (DPR) in combination with Sc(OTf)2 as catalytic system allows the intramolecular cyclization of various oxindole derivatives to form spirocyclic products with high diastereo‐ and enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Ring Transformation of Oxygen and Nitrogen Spiro Bisheterocycles.
Authors: Talhi Oualid , Pinto Diana C. G. A. , Almeida Paz Filipe , Hamdi Maamar , Silva Artur M. S.
Published: May 2015

A facile and rapid access to various bridgehead spiro bisheterocycles based on spiro‐to‐spiro ring transformation of easily available spiro[chromanone‐hydantoin] compounds (I) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Mediated Regiospecific Synthesis of Some Novel Annulated Spiro[indoline‐3,1′‐indolizin]‐2‐ones
Authors: Al‐Bogami Abdullah , El‐Ahl Abdelaziz S.
Published: May 2015

via 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of heteroaromatic N‐ylides with 2‐oxoethylideneoxindoles (I)
ChemInform Abstract: Quinine‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Domino Mannich‐Cyclization Reactions of 3‐Isothiocyanato Oxindoles with Imines for the Synthesis of Spirocyclic Oxindoles.
Authors: Bai Mei , Cui Bao‐Dong , Zuo Jian , Zhao Jian‐Qiang , You Yong , Chen Yong‐Zheng , Xu Xiao‐Ying , Zhang Xiao‐Mei , Yuan Wei‐Cheng
Published: May 2015

Spirocyclic oxindoles are obtained by the title cyclization reaction with good to excellent diastereo‐ and enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: An Easy and Convenient Synthesis of β‐Lactams via a One‐Pot Staudinger Reaction with 4‐(4,6‐Dimethoxy‐1,3,5‐triazin‐2‐yl)‐4‐methylmorpholinium Chloride Starting from Substituted Carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Zarei Maaroof
Published: May 2015

DMTMM‐mediated [2 + 2] cycloaddition of imines with carboxylic acids provides stereoselective access to 2‐azetidinones in good to high yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Catalyzed Thermal Reactions of Cyclic β‐Dicarbonyl Phenyliodonium Ylide with Styrenes.
Authors: Bosnidou Alexandra‐Eleni , Kalpogiannaki Dimitra , Karanestora Sofia , Nixas John A. , Hadjiarapoglou Lazaros P.
Published: May 2015

Under conditions B), exclusive formation of dihydrofuran structures takes place in a highly regioselective manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Polysubstituted Pyrroles via Pd‐Catalyzed Oxidative Alkene C—H Bond Arylation and Amination.
Authors: Zheng Jia , Huang Liangbin , Huang Chuyu , Wu Wanqing , Jiang Huanfeng
Published: May 2015

Various N‐homoallylic amines are cyclized to functionalized pyrrole structures (mechanism).
ChemInform Abstract: Zirconocene Dichloride Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis of Pyrroles Through Nitroalkene‐Enamine Assembly.
Authors: Goyal Sandeep , Patel Jatinkumar K. , Gangar Mukesh , Kumar Kapil , Nair Vipin A.
Published: May 2015

Inexpensive zirconocene dichloride is found to be an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of polysubstituted pyrroles by three‐component one‐pot reaction of β‐dicarbonyl compounds, various amines, and nitroalkenes in an environmentally benign reaction medium.
ChemInform Abstract: Formal [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of Ugi Adducts Towards Pyrrolines.
Authors: Ben Abdessalem Abdelbari , Abderrahim Raoudha , Agrebie Asma , Dos Santos Aurelie , El Kaim Laurent , Komesky Andrew
Published: May 2015

The reaction conditions avoid the use of added electrophilic reagents to remove water from the system to generate the reactive 1,3‐dipole.
ChemInform Abstract: PyBidine‐Cu(OTf)2‐Catalyzed Asymmetric [3 + 2] Cycloaddition with Imino Esters: Harmony of Cu‐Lewis Acid and Imidazolidine‐NH Hydrogen Bonding in Concerto Catalysis.
Authors: Arai Takayoshi , Ogawa Hiroki , Awata Atsuko , Sato Makoto , Watabe Megumi , Yamanaka Masahiro
Published: May 2015

A Cu‐catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition of exomethylene substituted indolinones (I) and (IV) with imino esters (II) and (V) is investigated in the presence of chiral pyridine‐based chelating ligands such as (PDB) to yield spirocyclic compounds (III) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular C—H Difluoroalkylation: Synthesis of Substituted 3,3‐Difluoro‐2‐oxindoles.
Authors: Shi Shi‐Liang , Buchwald Stephen L.
Published: May 2015

The title reaction generates a broad range of difluorooxindoles from readily prepared starting materials.