bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SEMANTICS AND STRUCTURE OF COMPLEX WORD COMBINATIONS IN THE CONTEMPORARY KARAKALPAK LANGUAGE
Authors: Opaeva Raygul Aymanovna
Published: July 2020

The article deals with semantics and structure of complex and composite words appearing nowadays in the modern Karakalpak language.
Complex words are formed from two or more words and denote a broad concept. Combination of their components are combined by meaning as fixed combinations and they perform a function of one member of a sentence.
KEY WORDS: Composite terms, thematic classification, lexical-semantic classification, structure, paired words, abbreviated words, borrowed composite words, tracing.
CURRENT STATE OF STUDY AND USE OF MATERIALS OF THE ORENBURG EXPEDITION IN HISTORIOGRAPHY
Authors: Saparniyazov A
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the research is to analyze the works of researchers on the problem of socio-economic and political history of the Karakalpaks, their relations with Russia in the XVIII century, written mainly on the basis of documents of the Orenburg expedition. The nature and main directions of studying the issue under consideration are defined. The available literature is shown, which is diverse in genre and level of theoretical generalization, as well as in the range of issues raised in them. Scientific novelty consists in a critical consideration of the issue with the involvement of the works of modern scientific historians. As a result, it is found that not all aspects of the history of the Orenburg expedition in the study of the Karakalpaks of the XVIII century are fully developed today. In this regard, the need to continue the in-depth study and development of issues related to the history of the Karakalpaks of the XVIII century is justified.
KEYWORDS: Russian Empire, Central Asia, karakalpaks of the XVIII century, materials of the Orenburg expedition, traveler’s reports, Russian archives, historiographical research.
Hope and a horizon of solidarity – An interview with Jeffrey C. Alexander
Authors: Alexander Jeffrey C. , Lund Anna , Voyer Andrea
Published: July 2020

In this interview, Jeffrey C. Alexander describes the development of cultural sociology, the importance of collaborative work, and the inspiration he takes from his political action, and from the art and humanities. The interview focuses primarily on civil sphere theory (CST), and Alexander’s goal in moving towards Durkheimian and away from Parsonian conceptions of solidarity. Alexander addresses common misunderstandings and critiques of CST, describes the current project of the internationalization of CST, and applies the theory to the present crisis of a global pandemic and the social movement of Black Lives Matter. Finally, Alexander reflects upon life in the academic world and the importance of not only analyzing meaning as a cultural sociologist but also working with meaningful projects in order to not be alienated. Alexander was invited keynote speaker at the Sociologidagarna in March in Stockholm 2020, but due to the Corona pandemic the conference was cancelled. This interview took place through Zoom in three different locations (Stockholm, New Haven, and Coventry, Connecticut) on 22 June 2020.
15-LOX Inhibitors: Biochemical Evaluation of Flurbiprofen and its Derivatives
Authors: Abbas Saghir , Zaib Sumera , Ali Saqib , Iqbal Jamshed
Published: July 2020

Objective: The synthesis, characterization, 15-LOX inhibition and molecular docking studies of a commercially available NSAID, flurbiprofen and its derivatives. Study Design: Experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at Quaid-i-Azam University and Centre for Advanced Drug Research COMSATS University Islamabad, Abottabad Campus from March 2019 to February 2020. Materials and Methods: The structural elucidation of the compounds (2-5) was carried out using infrared, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic studies. The structure of 4-amino-5-(1-(2-fluorobiphenyl-4-yl)-ethyl)-4H-1,2,4- triazole-3-thione (5) was also verified by single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. Results: The most potent inhibitor for 15-LOX (2) has an IC50value of0.18 ± 0.01 μM. Molecular docking results of 1, 2, 3 and cognate ligand inside the active site of 15-LOX (PDB ID: 1IK3) revealed significant correlation. Conclusion: This work represents cost-effective, reproducible and facile conversion of an aromatic monocarboxylic acid into potent derivatives.The molecules 2-(2-fluorobiphenyl-4-yl) propanoic acid (1) and its derivatives (2-5) possess 15-LOX inhibition and can be a prospective therapeutic target for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
CRIMEA ENDEMIC HEROES IN THE REGIONAL TELEVISION AIR
Authors: Gromova E. B.
Published: July 2020

The article includes analysis of heros row in the news program “Vesti,Crim” (Teleradiocompany “Tavrida”) Author determines the level of hero’s endemicity and originality, describes their occupation and political position. The emotional ground of the plots is analyzed in this article as well the ideologemes that support the hero’s presentation. A deep and systematic study of the heroes of informational plots, as one of the aspects of personification of regional news content, will help develop recommendations for optimizing and effective functioning of the regional news television program.
Teaching Applied Sustainability
Authors: Rosenbloom Jonathan , Dernbach John C.
Published: July 2020

This Article describes and explains a sustainability law practicum class that is now taught in only two law schools, but which has considerable teaching and practical value. It also explains how this class is consistent with, and furthers, the growing demand for experiential, skills-based legal education employing formative assessment. The class uses a real-world setting to provide students with skills they will need to help clients meet their sustainability goals. These skills include applying the principles of sustainable development in specific contexts; researching local government law; drafting legislation and ordinances; giving short presentations; and counseling clients. These skills are developed in the course through a semester-long project involving drafting sustainability-related ordinances (e.g., green roofs, composting) for an actual municipality or municipal government trade association.
New Water for Water Dispute Resolution
Authors: Larson Rhett B.
Published: July 2020

Water scarcity often leads to water disputes. New water supplies—such as bulk water imports, desalination, cloud seeding, or increased stream flows from improved forest management—can mitigate water scarcity and thus help avoid water disputes. However, new water supplies can also aggravate water disputes if not developed in concert with legal reforms. This Article evaluates the role of new water in two cases of water disputes in arid regions and proposes legal reforms to promote new water as a means of water dispute resolution. The first case is the adjudication of water rights in the Gila River basin in Arizona. Improved forestry management could increase water supplies and help resolve this decades-old dispute, but Arizona law should reconsider how property rights are assigned to such increased supplies and what legal mechanisms could encourage investment in forestry management. The second case involved disputes over water resources in refugee host communities in Lebanon and Jordan. The influx of Syrian refugees into cities in Lebanon and Jordan can give rise to water disputes. Laws in the countries can be reformed to facilitate water augmentation and thereby provide increased supplies to refugee host communities.
Happy Birthday Siri! Dialing in Legal Ethics for Artificial Intelligence, Smartphones, and Real Time Lawyers
Authors: Jacobowitz Jan L. , Ortiz Justin
Published: July 2020

This Article explores the history of AI and the advantages and potential dangers of using AI to assist with legal research, administrative functions, contract drafting, case evaluation, and litigation strategy. This Article also provides an overview of security vulnerabilities attorneys should be aware of and the precautions that they should employ when using their smartphones (in both their personal and professional lives) in order to adequately protect confidential information. Finally, this Article concludes that lawyers who fail to explore the ethical use of AI in their practices may find themselves at a professional disadvantage and in dire ethical straits.

The first part of this Article defines the brave new world of AI and how it both directly and indirectly impacts the practice of law. The second part of this Article explores legal ethics considerations when selecting and using AI vendors and virtual assistants. The third part outlines technology risks and potential solutions for lawyers who seek to embrace smartphone technology while complying with legal ethics obligations. The Article concludes with an optimistic eye toward the future of the legal profession.
Ethics of Using Artificial Intelligence to Augment Drafting Legal Documents
Authors: Hricik David , Morgan Asya-Lorrene S. , Williams Kyle H.
Published: July 2020

This article focuses on the second step in the due diligence process. While it addresses the question of competency, it focuses more on the further steps a lawyer must take to ensure that the use of the service as part of the representation of a client is consistent with the lawyer’s other ethical obligations. While it is important to emphasize that competency requires that the lawyer must be able to assess whether the work product is comparable to what a human would produce, competency is of course a fact-depending inquiry: whether a will is competently drafted turns on the standard of care of a practitioner who drafts wills.

This article focuses more on how a lawyer can determine whether it is ethical to use a competent service that augments document drafting. While addressing how ethical concerns arise across typical practice areas, it highlights a practice area where the risks for violations may be particularly acute because the need for confidentiality is high, and the potential for undetected conflicts of interest is great: patent practice. This article identifies the issues, describes the potential risks, and explains what protections a lawyer should look for in the terms of service of an automated legal document drafting site to ensure ethical representation.
E-BOOKS IN ACADEMIC LAW LIBRARY: AN OVERVIEW OF THE USERS’ REQUIREMENT AND CURRENT SITUATION
Authors: Bhatt Atul
Published: July 2020

The advancement of latest ICT based technology in publishing has brought the attention of law librarians to rethink the current practices of collection development and need to focus on uses’ needs and make appropriate steps to develop library resources towards conventional resources / non conventional resources. Now-a-days users’ perceptions on e-resources are well known in academia. This paper is case study of academic law library which examined the current situation of E-books and the users’ expectation of towards E-books at Library Resource Centre, Institute of Law, Nirma University, (ILNU Library). ILNU Library is subscribing more than 13 online databases and some of database provides access of E-books. Users’ survey has been conducted to hear valued ILNU Library users’ on their expectations towards library resources and services and based on study suggestions recommended. The results and suggestions of this study will be useful for Law Librarians in their collection development.
GO GREEN BEFORE YOU GO RED - POLICY IMPERATIVES FOR GREEN BANKING
Authors: Fulwari Archana
Published: July 2020

Countries across the world are witnessing a heightened awareness in addressing the issues and challenges of sustainable development. There is no economic or social activity wherein the considerations of environmental viability may be seen as an option. The United Nations Sustainable Development Agenda 2030 has caught the collective imagination of leaders of the world pressing all stakeholders in the growth process to embrace the goals of Sustainable Development in all spheres of life. The historic Paris Agreement in 2015 gave further impetus to this phenomenon with sovereign countries pledging their nationally determined contributions to lower national emissions. In the achievement of these goals, the role of finance is extremely crucial. Particularly, countries have acceded to harmonize financial flows “with a pathway towards low greenhouse gas emissions and climate-resilient development” (UNFCC).

India too is making efforts to align its financial sector with the tenets of sustainability. The banking sector is one of the most important segments of the financial sector. In India, the banking sector has been increasing in size and coverage due to continual efforts of the government. It is of utmost importance therefore, that banks incorporate green practices in their operations. With this premise, this paper sought to review the state green banking in India. The paper also attempted to examine the green banking practices in other countries and draw important lessons from international experiences.
तत्त्वार्सथ ू त्र मेंनिहित ग ु णस्र्ाि के अभिगम की समीक्षा
Authors: Jain Deepa
Published: July 2020

तत्त्वार्सथ ूत्र में सात नय (नैगम संग्रह व्यवहार ऋजुसूत्र शब्द समममिरूढ़ एवं एवंिूत) वर्णथत हैं। जीवसमास (जीवठाण अर्वा गुणस्र्ान) में अंततम दो नयों का अल्लेख नह ं है। वह ं मसद्धसेन ददवाकर नैगम नय को अस्वीकार करते हुए सममिरूढ़ एवं एवंिूत के सार् इनकी संख्या 6 मानते हैं। इससे प्रतीत होता है कक नयों की अवधारणा छठी सद के उत्तराधथ में ववकमसत हुई हैऔर जीवसमास इससे पूव।थ जबकक गुणस्र्ानों के आधार पर अवलोकन ककया जाय तो स्पष्ट होता है कक तत्त्वार्सथ ूत्र में गुणस्र्ानों की अवधारणा ज्यों की त्यों देखने को नह ं ममलती जबकक जीव समास में
है। षट्खण्डागम में िी पााँच नयों का उल्लेख है। गुणस्र्ान की अवधारण लगिग पााँचवीं सद के उत्तराद्थध और छठी सद के पूवाथद्थध में किी अस्स्तत्व में आयी होगी ऐसा माना जा सकता है।
Assessment of the effects of kinesio-taping in addition to conventional physiotherapy methods on upper extremity functions, quality of life and emotional state in patients with chronic rotator cuff syndrome
Authors: ÇİFTÇİ Rukiye , KÖSE Evren , CANBOLAT Mustafa , YILMAZ Nesibe , ÇUĞLAN Songül , YOLOĞLU Saim , ÖZBAĞ Davut
Published: July 2020

Aim: Shoulder joint is important for the functional capacity of the upper extremity. A big part of the functionality in this joint is created by rotator cuff muscles. Rotator cuff injuries are the primary reason for shoulder induced pain and injuries. The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of kinesio-taping in addition to conventional physiotherapy methods on upper extremity function, quality of life and emotional state in patients with chronic rotator cuff syndrome.

Material and Method: Our study was conducted on 92 (64 female-28 male) patients with rotator cuff syndrome (RCS). The patients were randomly grouped in two. The first group was given conventional therapy, while kinesio taping was applied to the second group twice a week in addition to conventional physiotherapy techniques. Each patient was assessed before and after treatment with DASH (the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand) scale, SF-36 (short form-36) scale, VAS (visual analogue scale) score and BECK depression inventory. Each group was compared in terms of treatment efficiency both within the group and with the other group and statistical analyses were made.

Results: Statistically significant decrease was found in both groups in terms of both pre-treatment and post-treatment DASH and VAS assessments. SF-36 scores were found to increase statistically significantly. When post-treatment scores were compared, statistically significant difference was found between the two groups. No statistically significant difference was found in both groups in terms of BECK depression inventory scores.

Conclusion: It was concluded that when applied in addition to conventional physiotherapy techniques in clinic, kinesio taping treatment was an effective treatment method in terms of developing upper extremity functions, increasing quality of life in patients and decreasing pain.
Moment based Estimation for the Shape Parameters, Effect it on Some Probability Statistical Distributions Using the Moment Method and Maximum Likelihood Method
Authors: A. Fadol Hassan Tawakol
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this paper was to identify the values of the parameters of the shape of the binomial, bias one and natural distributions. Using the estimation method and maximum likelihood Method, the criterion of differentiation was used to estimate the shape parameter between the probability distributions and to arrive at the best estimate of the parameter of the shape when the sample sizes are small, medium, The problem was to find the best estimate of the characteristics of the society to be estimated so that they are close to the estimated average of the mean error squares and also the effect of the estimation method on estimating the shape parameter of the distributions at the sizes of different samples In the values of the different shape parameter, the descriptive and inductive method was selected in the analysis of the data by generating 1000 random numbers of different sizes using the simulation method through the MATLAB program. A number of results were reached, 10) to estimate the small shape parameter (0.3) for binomial distributions and Poisson and natural and they can use the Poisson distribution because it is the best among the distributions, and to estimate the parameter of figure (0.5), (0.7), (0.9) Because it is better for binomial binomial distributions, when the size of a sample (70) for a teacher estimate The small figure (0.3) of the binomial and boson distributions and natural distributions can be used for normal distribution because it is the best among the distributions.
SPECIAL EDITION OF "AVIATION"
Authors: Bureika Gintautas
Published: July 2020

Special edition of "Aviation". Aviation, 24(2), p. 50
Mapping the Galactic Disk with the LAMOST and Gaia Red Clump Sample. VI. Evidence for the Long-lived Nonsteady Warp of Nongravitational Scenarios
Authors: Wang H.-F. , López-Corredoira M. , Huang Y. , Chang J. , Zhang H.-W. , Carlin J. L. , Chen X.-D. , Chrobáková Ž. , Chen B.-Q.
Published: July 2020

By combining LAMOST DR4 and Gaia DR2 common red clump stars with age and proper motion, we analyze the amplitude evolution of the stellar warp independently of any assumption with a simple model. The greatest height of the warp disk increases with galactocentric distance in different populations and is dependent on age: the younger stellar populations exhibit stronger warp features than the old ones, accompanied by the warp amplitude γ (age) decreasing with age, and its first derivative

is different from zero. The azimuth of the line of nodes ϕ

w
is stable at −5° without clear time evolution, which perfectly confirms some previous works. All of this self-consistent evidence supports that our Galactic warp should most likely be a long-lived but nonsteady structure and not a transient one, which is supporting that the warp originated from gas infall onto the disk or other hypotheses that suppose that the warp mainly affects the gas, and consequently, younger populations tracing the gas are stronger than older ones. In other words, the Galactic warp is induced by the nongravitational interaction over the disk models.
Fast Particle Acceleration at Perpendicular Shocks with Uniform Upstream Magnetic Field and Strong Downstream Turbulence
Authors: Kamijima Shoma F. , Ohira Yutaka , Yamazaki Ryo
Published: July 2020

Shock waves produce relativistic particles via the diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) mechanism. Among various circumstances, fast acceleration has been expected for perpendicular shocks. We investigate the acceleration time and the energy spectrum of particles accelerated at a perpendicular shock. In our model, the upstream perpendicular magnetic field has no fluctuation, and the downstream region is highly turbulent. Then, the particle motion is the gyration in the upstream region and Bohm-like diffusion downstream. Under this situation, we derive an analytical form of the acceleration time. Using test particle simulations, the validity of our formula is verified. In addition, the energy spectrum of particles is the same as those predicted by standard DSA. Therefore, the presently proposed mechanism simultaneously realizes the rapid acceleration and the canonical spectrum, dN/dp ∝ p
−2, even if there is no upstream magnetic amplification.
Heating at the Remote Footpoints as a Brake on Jet Flows along Loops in the Solar Atmosphere
Authors: Huang Zhenghua , Zhang Qingmin , Xia Lidong , Li Bo , Wu Zhao , Fu Hui
Published: July 2020

We report on observations of a solar jet propagating along coronal loops taken by the Solar Dynamics Observatory, the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, and the 1 m New Vacuum Solar Telescope. The ejecta of the jet consist of multithermal components and propagate with a speed greater than 100 km s−1. Brightenings are found in the remote footpoints of the coronal loops having compact and round shape in the Hα images. The emission peak of the remote brightening in the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) 94 Å passband lags 60 s behind that in the jet base. The brightenings in the remote footpoints are believed to be consequences of heating by nonthermal electrons, MHD waves, and/or a conduction front generated by the magnetic reconnection processes of the jet. The heating in the remote footpoints leads to extension of the brightening along the loops toward the jet base, which is believed to be the chromospheric evaporation. This apparently acts as a brake on the ejecta, leading to a deceleration in the range from 1.5 to 3 km s−2 with an error of ∼1.0 km s−2 when the chromospheric evaporation and the ejecta meet at locations near the loop apexes. The dynamics of this jet allows for a unique opportunity to diagnose the chromospheric evaporation from the remote footpoints, from which we deduce a velocity in the range of 330–880 km s−1.
Chemical Variation among Protostellar Cores: Dependence on Prestellar Core Conditions
Authors: Aikawa Yuri , Furuya Kenji , Yamamoto Satoshi , Sakai Nami
Published: July 2020

Hot corino chemistry and warm carbon chain chemistry (WCCC) are driven by gas–grain interactions in star-forming cores: radical–radical recombination reactions to form complex organic molecules (COMs) in the ice mantle, sublimation of CH4 and COMs, and their subsequent gas-phase reactions. These chemical features are expected to depend on the composition of the ice mantle, which is set in the prestellar phase. We calculated the gas–grain chemical reaction network considering a layered ice mantle structure in star-forming cores to investigate how the hot corino chemistry and WCCC depend on the physical condition of the static phase before the onset of gravitational collapse. We found that WCCC becomes more active if the temperature is lower, or the visual extinction is lower in the static phase, or the static phase is longer. The dependence of hot corino chemistry on the static-phase condition is more complex. While CH3OH is less abundant in the models with a warmer static phase, some COMs are formed efficiently in those warm models because there are various formation paths of COMs. If the visual extinction is lower, photolysis makes COMs less abundant in the static phase. Once the collapse starts and visual extinction increases, however, COMs can be formed efficiently. The duration of the static phase does not largely affect COM abundances. The chemical diversity between prototypical hot corinos and hybrid sources, in which both COMs and carbon chains are reasonably abundant, can be explained by the variation of prestellar conditions. Deficiency of gaseous COMs in prototypical WCCC sources is, however, hard to reproduce within our models.
Suprathermal Proton Spectra at Interplanetary Shocks in 3D Hybrid Simulations
Authors: Young Matthew A. , Vasquez Bernard J. , Kucharek Harald , Lugaz Noé
Published: July 2020

Interplanetary shocks are one of the proposed sources of suprathermal ion populations (i.e., ions with energies of a few times the solar-wind energy). Here we present results from a series of 3D hybrid simulations of collisionless shocks in the solar wind. We focus on the influence of the shock-normal angle, θ

Bn
, and the shock speed, V

s
, on producing protons with energies a few to hundreds of times the thermal energy of the upstream plasma. The combined effects of θ

Bn
and V

s
result in shocks with Alfvén Mach numbers in the range 3.0–6.0 and fast magnetosonic Mach numbers in the range 2.5–5.0, representing moderate to strong interplanetary shocks. We find that θ

Bn
largely organizes the shape of proton energy spectra, while shock speed controls acceleration efficiency. All shocks accelerate protons at the shock front, but the spectral evolution depends on θ

Bn
. Shocks with θ

Bn
 ≥ 60° produce isolated bursts of suprathermal protons at the shock front, while shocks with θ

Bn
 ≤ 45° create suprathermal beams upstream of the shock. Downstream proton energy spectra have exponential or smoothed broken power-law forms when θ

Bn
 ≥ 45° and a single power-law form when θ

Bn
 ≤ 30°. Protons downstream of the strongest shocks have energies at least 100 times the upstream thermal energy, with θ

Bn
 ≤ 30° shocks producing the highest-energy protons and θ

Bn
 ≥ 60° shocks producing the largest number of protons with energies at least a few times the thermal energy.
The Dragonfly Edge-on Galaxies Survey: Shaping the Outer disk of NGC 4565 via Accretion
Authors: Gilhuly Colleen , Hendel David , Merritt Allison , Abraham Roberto , Danieli Shany , Lokhorst Deborah , Liu Qing , van Dokkum Pieter , Conroy Charlie , Greco Johnny
Published: July 2020

We present deep g- and r-band imaging of the well-known edge-on galaxy NGC 4565 (the “Needle Galaxy”), observed as part of the Dragonfly Edge-on Galaxies Survey. The 3σ local surface brightness contrast limit on 10″ scales is 28.616 ± 0.005 mag arcsec−2 for the r-band image and 28.936 ± 0.005 mag arcsec−2 for the g-band image. We trace the galaxy’s starlight in narrow slice profiles spanning over 90 kpc along the major axis (with bin sizes ranging from 1.7 × 0.5 to 1.7 × 7.8 kpc) to surface brightnesses below 29 mag arcsec−2. We confirm the previously observed asymmetric disk truncation in NGC 4565. In addition, the sharp northwest truncation turns over to a shallower component that coincides with a fan-like feature seen to wrap around the northwest disk limb. We propose that the fan may be a tidal ribbon and qualitatively replicate the fan with simple simulations, although alternative explanations of the fan and the disk’s asymmetry are shown to be possible. In any case, we conclude that there is strong evidence for accretion-based outer disk growth in NGC 4565.
Diversity and distribution of Epeorus (Caucasiron) (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae) in Iran, with descriptions of three new species
Authors: Hrivniak Ľuboš , Sroka Pavel , Bojková Jindřiška , Godunko Roman J. , Imanpour Namin Javid , Bagheri Samereh , Nejat Farshad , Abdoli Ashgar , Staniczek Arnold H.
Published: July 2020

Combining morphological and molecular data in an integrative approach, three new mayfly species of Epeorus (Caucasiron) are described. These include Epeorus (Caucasiron) alborzicus Hrivniak & Sroka, sp. nov. and Epeorus (Caucasiron) shargi Hrivniak & Sroka, sp. nov. from northern Iran, and Epeorus (Caucasiron) zagrosicus Hrivniak & Sroka, sp. nov. from central Iran. They are unambiguously delimited using both distance-based and likelihood-based approaches in the analyses of barcode COI sequences. Each new species is compared with other species of the subgenus and morphological diagnostic characters are provided. Based on extensive sampling of streams throughout the country, the distribution and habitat preferences of all Caucasiron species in Iran are assessed. Altogether, there are now six species recorded, among them also E. (C.) nigripilosus Sinitshenkova, 1976 is reported for the first time in Iran. Five species are distributed in the Alborz Mts. in northern Iran, one species was found in the Zagros Mts. in central Iran.
The family Oestridae in Egypt and Saudi Arabia (Diptera, Oestroidea)
Authors: El-Hawagry Magdi S. A. , Abdel-Dayem Mahmoud S. , Al Dhafer Hathal M.
Published: July 2020

All known taxa of the family Oestridae (superfamily Oestroidea) in both Egypt and Saudi Arabia are systematically catalogued herein. Three oestrid subfamilies have been recorded in Saudi Arabia and/or Egypt by six genera:Gasterophilus(Gasterophilinae),Hypoderma,Przhevalskiana(Hypodermatinae),Cephalopina,Oestrus, andRhinoestrus(Oestrinae). FiveGasterophilusspp. have been recorded in Egypt, namely,G. haemorrhoidalis(Linnaeus),G. intestinalis(De Geer),G. nasalis(Linnaeus),G. nigricornis(Loew), andG. pecorum(Fabricius). Only two of these species have also been recorded in Saudi Arabia, namely:G. intestinalis(De Geer) andG. nasalis(Linnaeus). The subfamily Hypodermatinae is represented in the two countries by only four species in two genera, namely,H. bovis(Linnaeus) andH. desertorumBrauer (in Egypt only), andH. lineatum(Villers) (in Saudi Arabia only) andPrzhevalskiana silenus(Brauer) (in both countries). The subfamily Oestrinae is represented by two widely distributed species in both countries, namely,C. titillator(Clark) andO. ovis(L.), in addition to another species represented in Egypt only,R. purpureus(Brauer). For each species, synonymies, type localities, distribution, Egyptian and Saudi Arabian localities with coordinates, and collection dates are presented.
La protection en France de l'étranger, esclave domestique
Authors: Jault-Seseke Fabienne , Porcheron Delphine
Published: July 2020

Les situations d'esclavage domestique subsistent en France. Ce phénomène criminel, souvent diffus, affecte majoritairement des personnes de nationalité étrangère en situation irrégulière sur le territoire français. Les victimes, peu aptes et peu enclines à saisir la justice, sont confrontées à de multiples difficultés accentuées par l'internationalité de leur situation. Le droit français prévoit différentes règles leur permettant d'agir en justice sans crainte d'être renvoyées dans leur État d'origine. Celles-ci restent néanmoins insuffisantes.
Le rêve ne pense pas mais nous croyons au rêve
Authors: Merot Patrick
Published: July 2020

Il y a une analogie remarquable entre la pensée de Freud entre le principe d’inertie (et le principe de constance) qui vise à l’obtention d’un état de repos, et les thèses de C.-A. Peirce pour qui le travail de la pensée n’a qu’un objectif : celui de parvenir à un état de repos qui est aussi celui de la croyance (croyance en ce qui est considéré vrai). En mettant en parallèle le fonctionnement du rêve selon Freud et le fonctionnement de la pensée selon Peirce, on approche d’une manière inédite des mécanismes mêmes de la croyance prise dans sa plus grande généralité.
Religion de l’Humanité et révolution séculière chez John Stuart Mill
Authors: Le Breton Steven
Published: July 2020

Mill n’a pas pensé la sécularisation comme un simple affaiblissement des religions traditionnelles, mais s’est préoccupé de leur remplacement comme fondement de la stabilité sociale. La Religion de l’Humanité doit réorienter sur le progrès humain les aspirations religieuses. Liée à la neutralisation de la portée morale des religions théistes et surnaturelles sur le plan métaphysique, en cohérence avec l’engagement pour une éducation nationale séculière, la dimension religieuse de l’utilitarisme éloigne aussi Mill de Bentham. La comparaison avec la version comtienne de la religion de l’humanité permet d’aborder quelques difficultés soulevées par ce projet.
Nursing Home Staff's Perceptions of Noise Compared to Measured Noise Levels: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Steiner Victoria , Ames April , Milz Sheryl A. , Dubin Stacie
Published: July 2020

A noisy environment may cause annoyance to nursing home staff and affect their ability to provide quality care to residents. The current descriptive study examined differences between staff's perceived noise levels and measured noise levels in four nursing home facilities in Ohio. Most participants (
N
= 90) were White females. Consistent with measured noise levels, participants described all facilities as being moderately noisy. The loudest perceived noise sources included door/patient alarms and floor cleaners, which were confirmed by measured noise levels. Inconsistent with measured noise levels, most participants identified the nurses' station as one of the noisiest locations. Overall, participants at all facilities were neutral or disagreed that noise levels impacted themselves or residents. However, nursing home staff should be educated about how they contribute to noise levels and the potential effects of noise on work performance and quality of care provided to residents. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 46
(9), 37–45.]
Impact of Academic Libraries on Career Development
Authors: Sakkaravarthi K. , Aravinthan M.
Published: July 2020

Career development is a continuous process that continues and changes throughout. Career development includes progression towards a desired future career. It involves making maximum use of training and development programs to enhance job-related skills and, ultimately, their career. It is observed from the study that one-third of the respondents have a higher level of perception towards resources provided by libraries for career development of MBA graduates. Further, nearly half (49.5%) of the respondents have had moderate levels of perception towards overall level of usefulness of career development related resources provided by library, 27.7% of the respondents have had low level of perception towards overall level of usefulness of career development related resources provided by library, and the remaining 22.8% of the respondents have had higher level of perception towards overall level of usefulness of career development related resources provided by the library.
Use of Open Access Resources Among Legal Professionals
Authors: Ravi S. , Krishnan S. Murali
Published: July 2020

The most rapidly changing pervasive and publicized aspects of library and information studies are e-resources. In a relatively short period of the time, e-resources have expanded drastically from the few dozen computerized bibliography databases to the overwhelming amount of information available today. Electronic resources have grown to include online library catalogues, lists of CD-ROMs, online journals, databases, newspapers, reference materials, open access journals, e-books, major publishers, and online bookshops. There is a pressing need for guidance regarding the use of such resources. The findings of this study conclude that the age-wise respondents have many problems accessing e-resources including computer viruses, having difficulty using digital resources due to lack of IT knowledge, and their limited access to computers.
Insights on Laser Additive Manufacturing of Invar 36
Authors: Yakout Mostafa , Elbestawi M. A.
Published: July 2020

Recently, additive manufacturing (AM) became a promising technology to manufacture complex structures with acceptable mechanical properties. The laser powder-bed fusion (L-PBF) process is one of the most common AM processes that has been used for producing a wide variety of metals and composites. Invar 36 is an austenite iron-nickel alloy that has a very low coefficient of thermal expansion; therefore, it is a good candidate for the L-PBF process. This chapter covers the state-of-the-art for producing Invar 36 using the L-PBF process. The chapter aims at describing research insights of using metal AM techniques in producing Invar 36 components. Like most of nickel-based alloys, Invar 36 is weldable but hard-to-machine. However, there are some challenges while processing these alloys by laser. This chapter also covers the challenges of using the L-PBF process for producing nickel-based alloys. In addition, it reports the L-PBF conditions that could be used to produce fully dense Invar 36 components with mechanical properties comparable to the wrought Invar 36.
Metal-Arc Welding Technologies for Additive Manufacturing of Metals and Composites
Authors: Mwema Fredrick M. , Akinlabi Esther T.
Published: July 2020

Additive manufacturing (AM) technology has been extensively embraced due to its capability to produce components at lower cost while achieving complex detail. There has been considerable emphasis on the development of low-cost AM technologies and investigation of production of various materials (metals, polymers, etc.) through AM processes. The most developed techniques for AM of products include stereolithography (SLA), fused deposition modelling (FDM), laser technologies, wire-arc welding techniques, and so forth. In this chapter, a review of the wire-arc welding-based technologies for AM is provided in two-fold perspective: (1) the advancement of the arc welding process as an additive manufacturing technology and (2) the progress in the production of metal/alloys and composites through these technologies. The chapter will provide important insights into the application of arc welding technology in additive manufacturing of metals and composites for advanced applications in the era of Industry 4.0.
Laser Additive Manufacturing in Industry 4.0
Authors: Paul Christ P. , Jinoop Arackal N. , Nayak Saurav K. , Paul Alini C.
Published: July 2020

Additive manufacturing is one of the nine technologies fuelling the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0). High power lasers augmented with allied digital technologies is changing the entire manufacturing scenario through metal additive manufacturing by providing feature-based design and manufacturing with the technology called laser additive manufacturing (LAM). It enables the fabrication of customized components having complex and lightweight designs with high performance in a short period. The chapter compiles the evolution and global status of LAM technology highlighting its advantages and freedoms for various industrial applications. It discusses how LAM is contributing to Industry 4.0 for the fabrication of customized engineering and prosthetic components through case studies. It compiles research, development, and deployment scenarios of this new technology in developing economies along with the future scope of the technology.
Changes in Regulatory Laws Over the Sharing Economy Business on the Example of Brazil
Authors: Neto Luiz Guedes da Luz
Published: July 2020

The shared economy gained importance in the early 21st century, gaining scale through the internet. With this, various business models were created, offering innovative products and services to people. Many of the businesses in the sharing economy, because of their innovative character, challenge state regulation, which still does not know how to fit them, because, as disruptive, these businesses no longer seem to fit into traditional legal categories. And this difficulty in the legal framework can create burdens on innovative companies that can negatively impact results, as well as maintaining these companies in the market in a competitive manner. The search for state regulation that can adequately frame new businesses born in the sharing economy is a major challenge for the state regulator, which must seek regulation that protects users without impeding the development of new business. The regulation of new businesses in the sharing economy is a great challenge in Brazil because this regulation creates a lot of problems to the companies born in the sharing economy.
An Integrated Entropy-TOPSIS Methodology for Evaluating Green Energy Sources
Authors: Bhowmik Chiranjib , Kaviani Mohamad Amin , Ray Amitava , Ocampo Lanndon
Published: July 2020

This research aims to select the optimum green energy sources for sustainable planning from a given set of alternatives. The study presents an integrated multi-criteria decision-making analysis—the entropy-technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS)—to evaluate the energy sources: coal, oil, gas, carbon capture; and storage: nuclear fission/power, large hydro, small hydro, wind, solar photovoltaic, concentrating solar, geothermal, and biomass. Information related to energy parameters are always imprecise; thus, to address the impreciseness of eliciting judgments in the preferences of criteria, the entropy method is used. TOPSIS method is then utilized to select the optimum sources. Results show that solar-photovoltaic is the optimum green energy source having the highest score value, and annual generation is the most prioritized criterion. Sensitivity analysis also demonstrates the robustness of the selection methodology.
Effective Security Assessments and Testing
Authors: Culbreth David , Guadarrama Adan , Barsoum Ayad
Published: July 2020

Companies providing technology-driven services are held to the high standard of full availability, integrity, and confidentiality. Achieving even near-perfect availability is an increasingly daunting task, even for these companies with seemingly limitless resources. In order to approach this very challenging goal, strategies must be implemented to ensure that changes and improvements to the provided services do not leave the currently functioning environment vulnerable to attacks or introduce new issues. Systems and processes must be evaluated to ensure their efficient and effective operation. Administrative security controls must be audited to ensure the proper implementation of policies and procedures. A failure to properly evaluate the programs and procedures leaves an organization at risk for a data incident or an attack on the organization's assets. This paper covers some of the most important elements of security assessments and testing.
Recognition of Online Handwritten Bangla Characters Using Supervised and Unsupervised Learning Approaches
Authors: Mukherjee Prosenjit , Sen Shibaprasad , Roy Kaushik , Sarkar Ram
Published: July 2020

This paper explores the domain of online handwritten Bangla character recognition by stroke-based approach. The component strokes of a character sample are recognized firstly and then characters are constructed from the recognized strokes. In the current experiment, strokes are recognized by both supervised and unsupervised approaches. To estimate the features, images of all the component strokes are superimposed. A mean structure has been generated from this superimposed image. Euclidian distances between pixel points of a stroke sample and mean stroke structure are considered as features. For unsupervised approach, K-means clustering algorithm has been used whereas six popular classifiers have been used for supervised approach. The proposed feature vector has been evaluated on 10,000-character database and achieved 90.69% and 97.22% stroke recognition accuracy in unsupervised (using K-means clustering) and supervised way (using MLP [multilayer perceptron] classifier). This paper also discusses about merit and demerits of unsupervised and supervised classification approaches.
Devanagari Text Detection From Natural Scene Images
Authors: Shiravale Sankirti Sandeep , Jayadevan R. , Sannakki Sanjeev S.
Published: July 2020

Text present in a camera captured scene images is semantically rich and can be used for image understanding. Automatic detection, extraction, and recognition of text are crucial in image understanding applications. Text detection from natural scene images is a tedious task due to complex background, uneven light conditions, multi-coloured and multi-sized font. Two techniques, namely ‘edge detection' and ‘colour-based clustering', are combined in this paper to detect text in scene images. Region properties are used for elimination of falsely generated annotations. A dataset of 1250 images is created and used for experimentation. Experimental results show that the combined approach performs better than the individual approaches.
A New MIM Directional Coupler With Twin Bands for Photonic ICs
Authors: Muralikrishna Kondaveeti , Mirza ShafiShahsavar , Dhula Satbir Singh
Published: July 2020

For processing of desired information, the present-day electronic equipment is rapidly approaching their ultimate speed and bandwidth constraints, which is an ever more serious problem that prevents their persistent use in applications. It is believed that a promising solution is to fabricate electronic and photonic elements on a single chip. This mechanism provides a larger bandwidth that is used to construct new hybrid electronic photonic devices. In this paper the numerical analysis and design of metal-insulator-metal plasmonic directional coupler are presented. In dual optical bands, this directional coupler design needed the concept of the step impedance resonators (SIRs). Without reducing the subsystems, the enhanced architectures that pertain to filtering as well as multiplexing devices are necessary for conclusion of these kinds of specifications. Photonic-integrated circuits (PICs) have effectively improved their work by present design directional coupler, and it can be mixed with the conventional silicon PICs.
E-Pedagogical Support Strategies to Teaching Methodology of Economics Students at an Open Distance Learning University
Authors: van Wyk Micheal M.
Published: July 2020

A systematic review of the literature of e-pedagogical support strategies for an open distance learning context was done to explore the knowledge “gap” on existing scholarly works. This paper investigates the use of pedagogical support strategies employed to support student learning in an online Teaching Methodology of Economics course. The research followed a pragmatic approach—an explanatory mixed-methods design—to conduct the research. An online questionnaire and eDiscussion forum entries were employed to collect data. Convenient and purposive sampling of postgraduate students (n=179) in Teaching Methodology of Economics were selected. Students voluntarily completed the online survey. Findings and practical implications were formulated to advance online pedagogical strategies to support student learning and thus promote essential competencies for the course in the college of education at an open distance learning university. The current study has only examined a small sampling of student views regarding pedagogical strategies employed in a teacher education online course. More research is needed to establish whether a larger sample, comparing similar courses in the teacher education programme, will yield different results.
The Relationship Between Urbanization and Household Income
Authors: Kebede Melaku
Published: July 2020

As urbanization has occurred without the attendant growth and development spillovers in underdeveloped nations including Ethiopia, the phenomenon brought undesirable social and economic consequences. This article investigates the relationship between urbanization and urban household income and housing problem. Structural equation modeling was used to run mediation analysis. Correlation and regression analyses were also carried out to measure the direction and magnitude of the effect of the independent variable on the dependent. Regression analysis results indicate the existence of a significant direct effect of urbanization on limitations in income generating capacity of citizens. This article recommends taking policy measures to include development agendas of small and medium towns into regional plans as they absorb the influx to large cities and can help migrants experience the challenging complex urban life step by step. In addition, a policy intervention in the area of land tenure system and real estate development is required before the housing problems gets worsened.