bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of sources of resistance among potato breeding material against stem nematode
Authors: Pysarenko N. , Zakharchuk N. , Hordiienko V.
Published: December 2024

Goal. To identify new sources of resistance against stem nematode among potato breeding material and provide recommendations for the involvement of the most promising genotypes in breeding practice.
Methods. The research was conducted in the breeding laboratory of the Polissia Research Department of the Institute for Potato Research, during 2018—2022, with promising source material of its own potato breeding, interspecific hybrids of the laboratory of genetic resources of the Institute for Potato Research and potato varieties and studied their resistance to stem nematode on an infectious background.
Results. It was found that among the studied hybrid potato material, up to 9% of highly resistant forms, about 15—29% with relatively high and 41—62% of genotypes with moderate resistance were distinguished. Among the evaluated potato varieties, only a small number demonstrate high resistance, while the majority exhibit moderate resistance to the nematode. Sources with high, relatively high and moderate resistance to the nematode among promising potato hybrids were identified. Selected genotypes are the following: G.10.7/13, P.14.17-14, P.15.5/27, G.09.8-14, Z.14.64/3, P.13.26/13, G.08.194/122, Z.14.64-2, G.15.1-3, Z.14.49-7 and P.14.43-18 combine resistance to stem nematode with high expression of the main economically valuable traits. It was found that the breeding material that showed moderate resistance to the nematode was created with the participation of potato varieties: Santarka, Radomysl, Irbytskyi, Podoliia, Bellarossa, Satina, Tyras, Vektar and Hurman. As a result of targeted breeding work, three new potato varieties have been created: Fanatka, Rostavytsia and Dzhavelina, characterised by high productivity, drought tolerance, and resistance to stem nematode and quarantine microorganisms.
Conclusions. We recommend using the selected stem nematode-resistant hybrids in breeding work to develop resistant potato varieties. To limit the spread and development of the nematode, we recommend cultivating the suggested resistant potato varieties.
Influence of humic preparations on the efficiency of vegetable crops protection against diseases
Authors: Borzykh O. , Serhienko V. , Tkalenko H. , Shyta O.
Published: December 2024

Goal. To investigate the effect of humic preparations on the efficiency of vegetable crops protection against diseases.
Methods. Informational and analytical (collection of materials and analysis of literary sources), field research (setting up experiments, monitoring of plant development, assessment, harvesting), mathematical and statistical (processing of research results). Humic preparations used vere Gumifield, w.g. (potassium salt of humic acids, 720 g/ kg), and Fulvital plus, WP (fulvic acids, 200 g/kg + microelements, 75 g/ kg) were used separately and in mixtures with fungicides for spraying plants during vegetation period. Experiments were conducted on cucumbers, tomatoes, white cabbage.
Results. During the years of research downy mildew dominated on cucumber and dry spot or alternaria — on tomato and white cabbage crops. Humic preparations, when applied separately, restrained the development of diseases on tomatoes at the level of 59—64%, on cucumbers — at the level of 46—69%. The protective effect was much higher when mixtures of humates with fungicides were used. Combined application of preparations Gumifield, w.g., 100 g/ha with Ridomil Gold MC 68 WG, w.g. (Metalaxyl-M, 40 g/ kg + mancozeb, 640 g/kg), 2 kg/ha and Fulvital plus, WP 150 g/ ha with Ridomil Gold MC 68 WG, w.g., 2 kg/ha on tomatoes ensured efficiency on average level of 70.6 and 73.5% respectively. Application of mixtures Gumifield, w.g., 100 g/ha with Acrobat MC, w.g. (dimethomorph, 90 g/ kg + mancozeb, 600 g/ kg), 1.5 kg/ha and Fulvital plus, WP 150 g/ha with Acrobat MC, w.g., 1.5 kg/ha on cucumbers ensured efficiency at level of 74.7% and 75.2%. On white cabbage the efficiency of mixtures of Rovral Aquaflo, SC (iprodione, 500 g/l), 1 l/ha with Gumifield, w.g. 100 g/ ha and Rovral Aquaflo, SC, 1 l/ha + Fulvital plus, WP 150 g/ ha was on average 70.8% and 77.4%, respectively. These results were close to or exceeded the protective effect of fungicides at full application rates. The use of humic preparations contributed to the increase in the yield of crops. The yield increase on various crops was from 10 to 21%.
Conclusions. Humic preparations have a positive effect on the growth, development and productivity of vegetable crops. The use of humic preparations alone and in mixtures with fungicides significantly limits damage to plants by diseases during the growing season and increases the yield of crops. The protective effect of humic preparations in mixtures with fungicides with reduced rates was at the level of fungicides with full rates. Due to the use of humic preparations, the pesticide load on the agrocenosis is reduced and the safety of vegetable products is increased.
Effect of lithuanian genotypes resistance to anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.) in Lupinus angustifolius L.
Authors: Maknickiene Z. , Asakaviciute R.
Published: December 2024

Breeding for disease resistance is one of the most difficult tasks in breeding work. Rapid mutation of pathogen’s populations, its ability to continuously form a large amount of races differing in virulence and aggressiveness are the chief obstacles in the development of disease-resistant lupine varieties. Of 2019—2021 year twelve narrow-leafed forage lupine genotypes developed by the individual selection methods and characterised by a high resistance to anthracnose (Colletotrichtum gloesporoides (Penz.) Penz & Sass.) resistance 7—9 points, rapid growth rate, and a high seed yield 1.3—3.8 t/ha were tested at the competitive variety testing trials. The investigated lines are a valuable material from the viewpoint of genetics, breeding and agronomic characteristics which will be used in subsequent breeding work and the most promising lines will be transferred to the official variety testing.
Assessment of the presence of nitrates and other chemicals in soil and in maize plants by nitrogen fertilization
Authors: Murariu D. , Placintă D.D. , Batir Rusu D.C. , Hatnean C.V.
Published: December 2024

The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilization, with different levels and type of fertilizers, on the agrochemical evolution of the soil superficial horizon and on nitrates levels in maize leaves in different growth stages (5 leaves, flowering and milk maturity). Two type of nitrogen fertilizers (Ammonium nitrate and Urea) and five nitrogen levels (80 kg/ha; 120 kg/ha; 200 kg/ha and 240 kg/ha) were applied in experimental trails. Filed experiments were conducted at the Agricultural Research and Development Station (ARDS) of Suceava, Romania, during years 2021 and 2022. The pH of the soil in the conditions of fertilization with ammonium nitrate, was acid with values between 4.88—4.65 in the first vegetation stages, and between 4.36—4.3 at the end of the vegetation period. Referring to response of maize plant to the fertilization levels and type of fertilizers showed some influences on chemical content of maize leaves in different growth stages. Concerning the presence of nitrates in maize plants, this study showed that the nitrates contents was highest in the first growth stage of maize plants, particularly when ammonium nitrate fertilizer was used.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HOFSTEDE CULTURAL VALUE AND NEGOTIATION STYLE: A STUDY IN MANIPUR
Authors: H B Hrangtung  , Dr. A. S. Rapheileng  , Dr. Kh. Tomba Singh  , Dinthuingam Gonmei  , Neiba
Published: December 2024

This empirically examined the impact of cultural values on negotiation styles among businessmen in Imphal, Manipur, using the CVSCALE model to measure five cultural dimensions: power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism, masculinity, and Confucian Dynamism, and the dependent measure was adopted from Banwari (2019) based on the dual concern model of negotiation style. Results show that power distance is linked to more competitive negotiation styles, while uncertainty avoidance favors collaborating and compromising styles. Collectivist cultures emphasize collaboration, while masculine cultures prefer competitiveness. Long-term orientation cultures focus on collaboration and compromise. The study highlights the importance of cultural values in negotiation styles and contributes to the research and practice of negotiations.
KEYWORDS: Cultural, Negotiation style, Hofstede, CVSCALE.
EFEKTIVITAS PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE CERAMAH TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN ORANG TUA TENTANG IMUNISASI DASAR LENGKAP
Authors: Nurul Kartika Sari  , Yehud Maryen
Published: December 2024

Pengetahuan ibu terhadap imunisasi merupakan faktor yang sangat penting, agar ibu dapat cepat tanggap dan tahu apa yang harus dilakukan ketika timbul efek samping pada anaknya untuk mendapatkan cakupan kelengkapan imunisasi. Petugas kesehatan diharapkanterus memberikan so¬sialisasi dan edukasi dengan berbagai metode agar dapat diterima oleh ibu yang mempunyai bayi ini agar mempunyai mempunyai pemahaman yang benar tentang imunisasi melalui pendidikan Kesehatan.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui efektivitas pendidikan kesehatan menggunakan metode ceramah terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan orang tua tentang imunisasi dasar lengkap di Puskesmas Kaimana Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan desain Pre Experimental one group pretest-postest.Populasi dalam penelitian ini dengan estimasi besar sampel untuk menguji hipotesis beda 2 mean kelompok berpasangan dengan besar sampel untuk menguji hipotesis beda 2 mean kelompok berpasangan berjumlah 32 responden. Alat ukur dengan menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan.Analisa statistik dengan uji T test.Hasil analisis data didapatkan bahwa Koefisien rata-rata( mean) pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah pendidikan kesehatan sebesar 18.125 yang merupakan selisih dari sebelum ( Pres Test) yaitu 56,72 dan sesudah ( Post Test) yaitu 74,84. Kemudian berdasarkan uji T hitung didapatkan 12, 206 dengan P value 0,000 < alpha 0,05
Disimpulkan bahwa sebelum diberikan pendidikan kesehatan pada orang tua sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang dan cukup. Setelah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan pada orang tua terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan menjadi baik. Pendidikan kesehatan menggunakan metode ceramah efektif terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan orang tua tentang imunisasi dasar lengkap di Puskesmas Kaimana.
Kata Kunci : Pendidikan Kesehatan, ceramah, pengetahuan, imunisasi dasar
Pengalaman Keluarga Sebagai Caregiver
Authors: Maria Agustina Making  , Yulianti K Banhae  , Febtian C Nugroho  , Israfil  , Maria Lupita Nena Meo
Published: December 2024

Pendahuluan Tekanan darah tinggi merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular yang beresiko terjadinya penyakit stroke, serangan jantung, gagal jantung dan aneurisma arteria sampai dengan kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeskplorasi tentang Pengalaman Keluarga Sebagai Caregiver Dalam Merawat Pasien Hipertensi Selama Masa Covid 19 sehingga dapat memahami upaya yang telah dilakukan oleh keluarga. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada  tanggal 10 Juni – 20 Agustus 2021 di Puskesmas Sikumana Kota Kupang. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik indeph interview dengan 6 partisipan utama dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Peneliti menggunakan trianggulasi sumber untuk menjaga keabsahan data penelitian. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis konten dari Colaizzi.  Hasil penelitian ditemukan 3 tema utama yaitu: 1) ungkapan perasaan emosional caregiver, 2) peran caregiver dalam menjala (Placeholder1)[1]nkan fungsi perawatan kesehatan, dan 3) makna dalam merawat anggota keluarga yang sakit. Hasil: Proses perawatan yang dilakukan caregiver untuk pasien hipertensi mempunyai lingkup sangat luas dengan melibatkan seluruh emosional, tugas, hambatan, dan upaya dari caregiver.  Proses perawatan dapat mempengaruhi aspek kehidupan caregiver sendiri yang memunculkan akan adanya dukungan, harapan, dan makna dari merawat pasien. Saran: perlu  pemberian informasi  yang terus menerus dari petugas kesehatan  mengenai manfaat dan standar pelayanan kesehatan di masyarakat tentang pentingnya dukungan dari keluarga untuk menurunkan tekanan darah.
Kata Kunci:  caregiver dan hipertensi
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF MELALUI APLIKASI CLASSPOINT PADA MATA PELAJARAN FIKIH BAB MAWĀRITS DI MTS NEGERI 4 BANTUL
Authors: Khoiriyah Binti , Lina  , Mustaqim Ali , Utama Mohamad Maulidin Alif
Published: December 2024

The rapid development of information technology needs to be exploited in the world of education and learning. The research aims to develop interactive learning media through Classpoint applications on fikih chapter Mawārits subjects. This research uses the research and development (R&D) methodology with the development model of Robert Maribe Branch namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. (ADDIE). The research was conducted during the month of March until April 2024 at MTs N 4 Bantul. Subjects in this study are students of grade 9H MTs N 4 Bantul TA 2023/2024. The quality of the media developed according to the validation of the material expert was 90%. According to the media expert validation results were 95%. As for the percentage of elevation results of the teacher's response to the subject was 87.5%. The elevation result of the student response was 90.33%. Therefore, the interactive learning media through the application Classpoint on the subject fikih chap Mawārits deserves to be used in the learning process.
INTEGRATION OF AUGMENTED REALITY IN FIQH LEARNING: Improving The Competence of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) Of Madrasah Teachers
Authors: Fathurohim Fathurohim , Muliyah Pipit , Nasrulloh Nasrulloh
Published: December 2024

This study explores the use of Participatory Action Research (PAR) to integrate Augmented Reality (AR) in teaching Fiqh, specifically the Hajj material, at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah in Sidareja District. Involving 20 teachers, the research followed the PAR cycle, consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The implementation of AR, supported by the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework, helped teachers effectively incorporate technology in the classroom, enhancing their teaching practices. It also made learning more engaging and accessible for students, improving their understanding of the Hajj material. The results show that AR can significantly improve students' comprehension of Fiqh and support interactive, technology-enhanced learning in religious education.
Factors Affecting Consumer Green Buying Behavior of Renewable Energy Generation Products for Agricultural Use
Authors: Ansari Hafiz Waqas Ahmed , Fauzi Waida Irani Mohd , Ikram Hira
Published: December 2024

This study inspected the influence of contextual (government regulations, green product, green price, green place, and green promotion) and attitudinal (attitude towards green purchase) factors on green purchase behavior. The research framework has been developed based on the attitude-behavior-context (ABC) theory. This study is quantitative, using random sampling and the survey method for data collection. The data has been collected from the farmers who bought renewable energy production products (like solar panels) for agricultural use in Pakistan. A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed of which 387 were used. This study used SPSS for data screening and demographics analyses, whereas it used the ADANCO software package for PLS-SEM to analyze the hypothesized paths. The analysis results revealed that government regulations, green product, and green price have a direct significant relationship green purchase behavior. In line with this, these factors have indirect significant relationship with green purchase behavior through the mediation od attitude towards green purchase. Whereas the green promotion has not directly affected green purchase behavior but indirectly through the mediation path. On the other hand, the green place has no direct and indirect effect on green purchase behavior. The study assists governments, organizations, and practitioners to understand the underlying factors shaping green purchase behavior.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH CAIR TAHU SEBAGAI MEDIA ALTERNATIF PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Escherichia coli
Authors: Anliza Syarah
Published: December 2024

Salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat dengan prevalensi tinggi di Indonesia yaitu diare. Banyaknya penyakit diare yang disebabkan oleh bakteri sehingga diperlukan media pertumbuhan untuk mencari bakteri penyebab penyakit dan mempelajari sifat-sifat bakteri lebih dalam. Melimpahnya sumber alam dan pemanfaatan limbah yang dapat digunakan sebagai media pertumbuhan mikroorganisme mendorong peneliti untuk membuat media alternatif. Limbah cair tahu merupakan salah satu bahan alami yang limbahnya belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Kandungan karbohidrat dan protein yang terdapat dalam limbah cair tahu sangat dibutuhkan untuk nutrisi mikroorganisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui apakah limbah cair tahu dapat digunakan sebagai media alternatif pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah eksperimental menggunakan metode Total Plate Count (TPC) dengan konsentrasi 12,5%, 15%, dan 17,5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata jumlah koloni Escherichia coli pada media Nutrient Agar sebagai kontrol positif yaitu sebanyak 1,71x107 CFU/mL, sedangkan pada media alternatif limbah cair tahu konsentrasi 12,5% sebanyak 8,0x106 CFU/mL, konsentrasi 15% sebanyak 8,1x106 CFU/mL, dan konsentrasi 17,5% sebanyak 8,6x106 CFU/mL. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan, bahwa media alternatif limbah cair tahu dapat digunakan sebagai media pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli.
Studi Kombinasi: Perilaku Pekerja Pengguna Transportasi Massal Dalam Penanganan Masker Bekas Pakai di Jakarta
Authors: Astuty Febrina
Published: December 2024

Latar belakang: Fenomena masker sudah berubah dari alat pelindung diri, kini menjadi gaya hidup. Pekerja pengguna transportasi massal di DKI Jakarta merupakan satu elemen masyarakat yang berperan terhadap terjadinya penanganan masker bekas yang tidak sesuai. Tujuan: Menganalisis perilaku pekerja pengguna transportasi massal dalam penanganan masker bekas pakai. Metode: Studi Mixed-Methods. Sampel adalah pengguna transportasi massal sebanyak 165 responden menggunakan metode Purposive Sampling. Instrument menggunakan Google Form. Hasil penelitian: Dari uji Chi Square, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara Sikap (p 0,000) dengan perilaku pekerja pengguna transportasi massal dalam penanganan masker bekas pakai. Hubungan tidak signifikan terlihat pada variabel pengetahuan dengan nilai (p 0,093). Uji regresi logistik berganda faktor risiko adalah Sikap setelah dikontrol pengetahuan, pendidikan dan ketersediaan tempat sampah (exp(B)=9,174). Hasil content analysis ditemukan dua hal yaitu perlunya regulasi yang mumpuni serta ketersediaan fasilitas yang sesuai.Â  Rekomendasi: Agar sikap menjadi perbuatan nyata diperlukan faktor pendukung fasilitas dan pihak lain. Pemerintah lebih intensif dan gencar dalam sosialisasi, edukasi melalui sosial media serta pengadaan fasilitas tempat sampah tertutup di area umum, penguatan peraturan pengelolaan masker bekas pakai dan sanksi serta penegakan hukum yang jelas dan efektif, promosikan program daur ulang dan pada pekerja mengimplementasikan budaya K3. Peran aktif pihak swasta melaksanakan budaya K3 ditempat kerja akan meminimalkan resiko terjadinya sakit pada pekerja.
Perbedaan Perawatan Tali Pusat Menggunakan Kolostrum Dan Kasa Kering Terhadap Lama Pelepasan Tali Pusat Di Wilayah Kerja UPT. Puskesmas Bestari Kota Medan
Authors: Sari Ayu Nova
Published: December 2024

Kejadian infeksi bayi baru lahir di Indonesia berkisar antara 24% hingga 34%. Infeksi tali pusat merupakan penyebab kematian yang kedua setelah asfiksia. Perawatan tali pusat merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mencegah terjadinya infeksi bayi baru lahir. Perawatan tali pusat yang tidak baik mengakibatkan tali pusat menjadi lama lepas. Risiko bila tali pusat lama lepas adalah terjadinya infeksi tali pusat dan tetanus neonatorum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan perawatan tali pusat menggunakan kolostrum dan kassa kering terhadap lama pelepasan tali pusat di Wilayah Kerja UPT Puskesmas Bestari Kota Medan. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain quasi eksperimental. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 40 bayi yang dibedakan menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu 20 bayi menjadi kelompok bayi yang diberikan perawatan tali pusat dengan metode kolostrum dan 20 bayi yang diberikan metode perawatan tali pusat dengan metode kassa steril. Analisa data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji mann-whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bayi yang diberikan perawatan tali pusat dengan metode kolostrum rata-rata lama hari pelepasan tali pusat selama 5,2 hari dan metode kasa kering rata-rata lama hari pelepasan tali pusat selama 6,4 hari. Ada perbedaan perawatan tali pusat menggunakan kolostrum dan kasa kering terhadap lama pelepasan tali pusat dengan nilai p-value 0,001 (p<0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah ada perbedaan perawatan tali pusat menggunakan kolostrum dan kassa kering terhadap lama pelepasan tali pusat di Wilayah Kerja UPT Puskesmas Bestari Kota Medan. Diharapkan bagi ibu post partum untuk meningkatkan pengetahuannya dengan mendapatkan informasi mengenai cara perawatan tali pusat dengan mengoleskan ASI kolostrum dan selanjutnya dapat diaplikasi untuk memperoleh pelepasan tali pusat yang lebih cepat serta untuk mencegah infeksi yang dapat terjadi selama perawatan tali pusat.
WALNUT PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Kaletnіk Grygorii , Tsurkan Oleh , Spirin Anatoly , Didyk Andrii
Published: December 2024

Walnuts are currently a unique product, the components of which are used in the food industry, the production of medical and cosmetic products, the production of building materials, as an energy product and in other areas of activity. Ukraine is one of the leading producers of walnuts, but most of them are offered in the shell. The maximum economic efficiency of walnut processing technology is achieved through the use of a full cycle of processing and the use of all components: pericarp, kernels, shells, membranes. Therefore, the development of an energy-efficient line for a full cycle of walnut processing is currently very relevant for this promising branch of agriculture. Analysis of recent studies and publications shows that the attention of researchers and practitioners in most cases is directed to solving individual problems that arise before them, that is, individual technological processes and operations have been studied. Namely, the complete processing of sins ensures the maximum profit from their cultivation. In this work, the authors set a goal to develop a technology for processing walnuts that would provide the most complete cycle of their processing, which will provide, accordingly, the maximum profit from its implementation. The technology of complete processing of walnuts involves the use of a significant number of different machines that use different types of energy. For more efficient use of energy, it is recommended to use measures and means that intensify technological processes. In particular, an effective means of intensifying technological processes is the vibration effect on the processed material. This is especially true for the drying operation, because the implementation of this operation requires almost half of all the energy consumed in the technology. The technology also involves the use of non-traditional energy sources.
DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPUTERIZED FLOUR ACCOUNTING SYSTEM AT A BAKERY ENTERPRISE USING SCADA
Authors: Voznyak Oleksandr , Shtuts Andrii , Kazimirov Oleksandr , Lytvynenko Nazar
Published: December 2024

The modern stage of the development of branches of the national economy, where automatic control and control systems are actively used, is marked by the increasing penetration of microcontroller technology, methods of control and management of technological processes are constantly being improved. In general, the development of semiconductor technology and achievements in the field of automation led to the use of devices made on integrated microcircuits, which, due to high manufacturability, small size, weight and energy consumption, became very popular.
The most accurate and effective accounting of flour can be carried out with the help of an automated system based on modern software and technical tools.
The work, durability and quality of any system is determined not only by the novelty of the information it carries, but also by its operating characteristics, such as the speed of obtaining this information and its structure, the quality of all its component subsystems. All this fundamentally changes the properties of many systems, giving them new functions and opening up new possibilities for use.
A more detailed consideration of the functions of such systems shows their following advantages:
- multi-functionality of devices;
- ease of system control;
- control automation;
- the ability to perform quick mathematical calculations;
- miniaturization and efficiency of equipment;
- increase in reliability;
- the possibility of creating databases of information archives;
- reduction of system development time.
The creation of means of measurement, control and management of equipment and technological processes is characterized by the transition from the solution of separate, relatively simple tasks of automation to the creation on the basis of microprocessor circuits and other microelectronic elemental base of automation devices with software control from SCADA systems, which provide distributed automated control of technological processes of the entire enterprise as a whole.
RESEARCH ON THE PROCESSES OF MOTION AND SEPARATION OF COMPONENTS IN SEED MIXTURES IN A VIBROPNEUMATIC ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Stepanenko Serhiy , Volyk Daryna , Kotov Boris , Melnyk Vitaly
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the processes of movement and separation of components in a seed mixture under the conditions of a vibro-pneumatic layer. The problem of competitiveness of grain production is highlighted through the use of seeds with high sowing qualities. The conducted research focuses on methods of improving the quality of seeds, in particular on their separation in a vibro-pneumatic environment according to physical and mechanical properties and seed density. The authors indicate a close relationship between sowing qualities and seed density. The study shows that modern technical means, such as vibropneumoseparators, have limited efficiency due to low specific load and high energy costs. However, the authors suggested improving the efficiency of seed separation in the vibro-pneumopulse layer of the grain medium, which can lead to the creation of competitive combined vibro-pneumoseparators for separating seeds by density. Graphical dependences of the main parameters of separation of seed mixtures were obtained. The main elements for CFD modeling are substantiated and the design and kinematic parameters of the working surface of the vibration-pneumopulse separator are established. The created mathematical models make it possible to predict the speed of movement of components with a small density in the vibro-pneumopulse grain layer, taking into account various factors. Based on the research results, a modernized vibro-pneumopulse separator was developed and manufactured, which increases the specific load on the sieve and reduces energy costs during seed separation. According to experimental data, an increase in air flow speed from 0.6 to 1.4 m/s helps to increase the efficiency of separating wheat seeds, reaching 70%, while the loss of high-quality seeds to other fractions does not exceed 3% (with a permissible 10%).
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE MOVEMENT OF TABLE BEET ROOT CROP ALONG THE SPIRALS OF A VIBRATING CLEANER
Authors: Holovach Ivan , Solona Olena , Martynyuk Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

A pressing issue in the technological process of table beet production is the cleaning of root crops from adhered soil, loose impurities, and plant residues after harvesting. The efficiency of this process significantly determines the quality of the final product, its suitability for long-term storage, and subsequent processing. Modern root crop cleaning technologies widely use mechanical methods, among which vibrational and spiral cleaning systems hold a special place. However, many existing designs have several shortcomings, such as insufficient impurity removal efficiency or an increased risk of root crop damage.
This study presents a new design of a vibrational spiral cleaner developed to enhance the efficiency of table beet root cleaning. A mathematical model of the root crop's movement along the working channel of the cleaner was constructed to analyze and optimize the operation of this design. It is during this movement that adhered soil, loose impurities, and plant residues are removed.
Based on the developed equivalent scheme, a system of differential equations describing the dynamics of the root crop's movement along the surface of the working channel was formulated. Numerical solutions of this system on a personal computer made it possible to study the influence of structural parameters (spiral geometry, pitch, and material) and kinematic parameters (vibration frequency and amplitude) on the speed of root crop movement and the cleaning quality. The analysis of the obtained results showed that optimizing the cleaner's parameters ensures uniform cleaning, reduces the likelihood of root crop damage, and increases the overall process efficiency.
The results of this research have practical significance for the further improvement of cleaner designs and their implementation in industrial technologies. The application of the proposed technical solutions will contribute to improving the cleaning quality of table beet root crops, enhancing production efficiency, and reducing equipment maintenance costs.
ANALYTICAL REVIEW OF THE METHODS AND MEANS OF CONTROLLING ELECTRIC DRIVES OF ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS OF APC
Authors: Vozniak Oleksandr , Yaroshenko Leonid , Luts Pavlo , Tikhonenko Serhiy
Published: December 2024

Control of electric drives in electromechanical systems of the agro-industrial complex (APC) is a critical factor in increasing the efficiency and reliability of technological processes that directly affect the productivity of agricultural production. In connection with the introduction of the latest technologies, the growth of product quality requirements and the need to automate processes, modern agricultural technologies require the improvement of electric drive control methods. The relevance of this topic is due to the need to optimize management processes in the agricultural sector to increase productivity, reduce energy consumption, and increase system reliability.
The review examines classical and modern approaches to the control of electric drives. Traditional proportional, integral and differential methods ensure the stability of systems and minimize errors, adapting to the conditions of agricultural production. An important role is played by feedback systems that automatically adjust the operating parameters of electric drives in response to changes in external factors. Fuzzy management systems are also an important part, allowing decisions to be made based on expert judgments in cases where accurate data is difficult to obtain. Adaptive management systems capable of changing their parameters in conditions of variability are considered separately, which is especially important in the agricultural sector with its changing conditions.
The article also highlights modern intelligent control systems using artificial intelligence, machine learning and remote monitoring, which allow analyzing large volumes of data, predicting resource needs and increasing energy efficiency. Internet-based systems such as SCADA provide operators with the ability to remotely monitor and control equipment in real time, an essential element of modern agricultural production.
In conclusion, the control of electric drives in agriculture is aimed at automating and increasing the efficiency of production processes, optimizing the use of energy resources and ensuring the safety of the systems, which makes them an integral part of modern agricultural technologies.
DEVELOPMENT THE MATHEMA-TICAL MODEL OF THE PROCESS OF STRIPED SOIL TREATMENT BY THE METHOD OF DISCRETE ELEMENTS
Authors: Shargorodskiy Serhiy , Halanskyi Vadym
Published: December 2024

The paper describes the general characteristics of the Strip-Till technology, its application and the design of Strip-Till cultivators, talks about the prospects of this technology, describes the advantages and disadvantages of the technology and highlights the ways of implementing the technology.
Each technology has its advantages and disadvantages and specifics of implementation - Strip-Till is no exception. In some farms, the technology is implemented quite easily and proves its effectiveness after harvesting and summing up, while in other farms it may be the opposite. One of the many reasons for this phenomenon is the design features of strip cultivators, which arise from the creative flight of the developer and the specific agro-climatic conditions for which these units are designed. The culture of work and agrarian business in a particular region also has a significant impact on some design features. For example, it is no secret that the school of mechanical engineering in Europe and the USA has many differences.
The article is devoted to the study of the interaction of the working bodies of Strip-Till units with the soil using the discrete element method. The paper considers modern aspects of the application of Strip-Till technology in the world and Ukraine, its advantages and disadvantages, and also analyzes methods for modeling physical processes of soil cultivation.
Considerable attention is paid to the development of a mathematical model of soil cultivation by the discrete element method using Hertz-Mindlin contact models, which take into account the adhesion and cohesion of particles. The article provides a calculation algorithm, the main physical and mechanical properties of soil particles, parameters for simulation, and also presents the modeling results.
The proposed model allows predicting the dynamics of the interaction of soil particles with working bodies, which will contribute to increasing the efficiency and optimizing the operation of Strip-Till units. The conclusions outline directions for further research to improve the methodology and practical application of the results obtained.
ENERGY CONSUMPTION FOR FLUTTERING GRASS WITH A ROLLER FLUTTER
Authors: Kondratuk Dmytro , Zozulyak Igor , Komakha Vitaliі , Dmytrenko Viktor
Published: December 2024

Hay is a common type of roughage, the quality of which largely depends on the duration of natural drying. In order to obtain high-quality fodder, it is necessary to minimize the stay of mown plants in field conditions. Nutrient losses during hay harvesting occur as a result of biochemical processes, leaching of nutrients by precipitation during adverse weather.In addition, harvesting hay is accompanied by mechanical losses due to the crushing of vegetative organs of plants (leaves, inflorescences) by the working bodies of hay harvesting machines. These losses not only reduce the collection of hay, but also significantly reduce the quality of fodder, since leaves and inflorescences contain 2-3 times more nutrients than stems, they are due to the unequal drying rate of vegetative organs of plants. Small vegetative organs of plants, due to the peculiarities of their anatomical structure, give off moisture more intensively than stems, and therefore they become fragile earlier and break off and are lost as a result of the action of working organs of machines. An effective method of accelerating and equalizing the drying rate of vegetative parts of plants is flattening of grass clippings. Thanks to this measure, uniform drying of the entire plant mass is ensured, and therefore, the loss of nutrients during hay harvesting is reduced. For flattening legumes, it is advisable to use mowers equipped with roller flatteners, because they act less harshly on the grass than dynamic flatteners, reducing the crushing of the most valuable parts of plants - leaves and inflorescences. The main operational indicator that allows you to estimate the energy consumption of the process of flattening grass is the power consumption for the drive of the flattening rollers. A method of determining the power required to drive the flattening rollers of mower-folders has been developed, which can be used for calculations in the design of roller flatteners.
JUSTIFICATION OF RAKE ANGLE PARAMETERS REGARDING MOVEMENT AND RAKING OF HAY WITH ROTARY RAKES
Authors: Paladiychuk Yuriy , Stetsyuk Pavlo
Published: December 2024

In modern conditions of agricultural production, improving the efficiency of hay harvesting technologies is an important task for ensuring quality fodder for livestock. One of the key elements in this process is the use of rotary rakes to move and rake the hay. The efficiency of these machines largely depends on the design parameters, in particular the angle of inclination of the rakes, which affects the quality and speed of technological operations.
Increasing the efficiency of harvesting hay and reducing the loss of nutrients has led to the development of a wide range of machines for stirring, raking and turning grass. These machines are classified according to purpose, design features and technological processes. Among them are stirrers, roller rotators, rakes and rake-stirrers, each of which has a specific function in the forage harvesting process. The most common are rotary shakers, which ensure uniform and fast drying of the grass. Rakes and roll rotators, in turn, form rolls for further harvesting. Universal rake-movers can perform several functions, increasing the efficiency of the haymaking process.
The work describes the design and principle of operation of the rotor of a shaker-separator with centrifugal working bodies. The main attention is paid to the analysis of the gripping parameters of the rakes and the influence of the angle of inclination of their fingers on the gripping width. Mathematical dependencies are proposed for determining the grip width and rotor radius depending on the angle of inclination of the fingers and the angle of deflection of the rotor. Design requirements to ensure clean raking and minimize losses of cut plants are considered. Also, the required length of the rake fingers is determined and examples of adjusting their position to perform various technological operations are given.
INTERACTIVE IMPACT OF THE SPECTRAL COMPOSITION OF ADDITIONAL LIGHTING AND ROOT ZONE TEMPERATURE ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF HYDROPONIC LETTUCE
Authors: Baranovskyі Viktor , Boretska Tetyana , Kohut Vasyl
Published: December 2024

Hydroponic lettuce production in greenhouses is becoming increasingly popular in Ukraine. However, there is a lack of research evaluating the impact of light spectra, root zone temperature, production systems, and lettuce varieties on yield. This study aims to determine the interactive effects of nighttime supplemental lighting, nutrient solution temperature, and production system on the growth and productivity of various lettuce varieties under suboptimal air temperatures typical for winter greenhouses.
The study used three lighting regimes: no lighting (control), violet LEDs (spectrum R90:G0:B10), and warm white LEDs (spectrum R35:G42:B23). Two nutrient solution temperatures—12.6 °C (no heating) and 18.8 °C (with heating)—as well as two production systems—Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) and Constant Flood Table (CFT)—were applied for lettuce cultivation. Red and green lettuce varieties of four types were studied: leafy, heading, oakleaf, and romaine.
The results showed that the absence of supplemental lighting and heating significantly reduced yield, while their combination positively influenced the dry mass of shoots. The highest productivity was achieved with the CFT system, especially when combined with violet LEDs, which had a higher red light component that stimulates plant growth. It was found that violet lighting significantly outperformed white LEDs, particularly when the nutrient solution was heated.
The most sensitive lettuce varieties to root zone conditions and lighting were Adriana, Cedar, Red Sails, and Salvia. In particular, under violet LEDs, these varieties showed the highest productivity when the CFT system was used.
This research suggests effective strategies for optimizing hydroponic lettuce cultivation in winter greenhouse conditions in Ukraine. The findings can be useful for farmers aiming to increase yield and product quality, as well as for optimizing costs under conditions of limited resources.
RESEARCH OF PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CUT GRASS DURING HAY HARVESTING BY ROTARY WORKING BODIES
Authors: Kondratuk Dmytro , Trukhanska Olena , Priadkin Maksym
Published: December 2024

In the process of harvesting feed from the interaction of the working bodies of machines and tools with plants, resistance arises, which entails certain energy costs. Therefore, for the development of technological processes, it is necessary to know the mechanical and physical properties of the processed environment under the influence of the working bodies of machines and tools.
Insufficient study of the properties of materials does not allow a more rational transition to new methods of work, hinders the development of fundamentally new technological processes and machines.
Knowledge of the physical essence of technological processes allows for a more reasoned development of machines, to apply rational methods of influencing their working bodies on the environment, to qualitatively improve the performance of the technological process. Knowledge of the physical and mechanical properties of agricultural materials is a necessary condition for the correct organization of the technological process and the creation of a rational design of the machine.
Agricultural materials are distinguished by a great variety and variability of their properties. Technological processes carried out by agricultural machines are aimed at changing the structure of agricultural materials. During processing, the harvested plant material undergoes a number of changes and is brought to a state that meets predetermined requirements.
Using the physical and mechanical properties of materials, they can be directed towards the construction of rational technologies and processing methods. In this case, various principles of the influence of the working bodies of machines on the material being processed can be applied. The need to study the properties of materials in different conditions, to clarify their impact on technology and mechanization is urgent. Knowledge of the properties of plant materials helps to choose the most economical methods of its processing.
The choice of the type of working body and the justification of its parameters depend on a large number of factors, in particular on the required productivity, nature, degree and state of material processing, coefficients of useful action of the machine, its energy needs. The article considers the theoretical and calculation bases of the working bodies of machines in the sequence of their impact on plant material when harvesting fodder from grasses. At the same time, the theory and calculation of the parameters of the working bodies are related to the physical and mechanical properties of the processed material and agrotechnical requirements for work processes and machines.
JUSTIFICATION OF THE CHOICE OF THE SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF SUBLIMATION MICROWAVE DRYING OF FOOD PRODUCTS
Authors: Zozulyak Igor , Kondratuk Dmytro , Korobko Dmytro
Published: December 2024

This work is devoted to the research and substantiation of the technology and scheme of the equipment for drying vegetables, potatoes and fruits. At the same time, it is necessary that the products after such drying retain high quality (biological, nutritional and organoleptic properties), preserve food ingredients well, have an increased regenerative capacity, have little shrinkage and a porous structure.
The analysis of existing drying methods showed that sublimation (lyophilization) drying is a promising method.
Freeze drying is a process in which water is sublimated by directly converting water from a solid state (ice) to vapor, thus lowering the liquid state, and then desorbs the water from the "dry" layer. It is widely used to stabilize high-quality food, biological materials and pharmaceuticals such as proteins, vaccines, bacteria. The process preserves the quality of the dried product (biological, food and organoleptic properties). This is because the freezing of water in the material before lyophilization inhibits chemical, biochemical and microbiological processes. Therefore, the taste, smell and content of various nutrients do not change. Food raw materials contain a lot of water - from 80 to 95%. The removal of water by sublimation leads to the creation of a highly porous structure of lyophilized products, and rehydration of lyophilized products occurs immediately.
The effect of freeze-drying should be considered from the economic aspect and the quality of the freeze-dried material. The cost of the product mainly depends on the freeze drying time. Therefore, process parameters and other conditions of its course are often set so that its time is as short as possible. Setting parameters to speed up the process can lead to deterioration of product properties.
Based on the analysis and generalization of data from domestic and foreign sources of information about the technology and the results of theoretical and experimental studies of the process of drying vegetables, potatoes and fruits, the principle scheme of the sublimation microwave dryer of food products is substantiated.
Jelängerjelieber. Mehr-als-menschliche Freundschaftskonzeptionen in Bettina von Arnims Die Günderode und Karoline von Günderrodes Wandel und Treue
Authors: Schorz Elena
Published: December 2024

Abstract Der Beitrag untersucht Freundschaftskonzepte in Bettina von Arnims Die Günderode (1840) und Karoline von Günderrodes Wandel und Treue (1804). Er geht davon aus, dass beide Texte eine sozial konnotierte Beziehung an ihre Grenzen führen
und Möglichkeiten bereithalten, diese zu überwinden. Dabei wird Freundschaft als ökologisches Prinzip reflektiert, indem Pflanzen sowohl floriographisch als auch atmosphärologisch in die Betrachtung einbezogen werden. An Arnims Text wird gezeigt, dass Pflanzen nicht nur
symbolisch die Freundschaft der Figuren prägen, sondern auch auf die Freundschaftsprinzipien eines konstanten Wandels und einer fundamentalen Treue hinweisen, die ökologische Prozesse und Naturphilosophie verbinden. Die Prinzipien Wandel und Treue werden dann auch als zentrale Themen
von Günderrodes Gedicht ausgewiesen, das im Dialog zweier Blumen ein Verständnis von Liebe verhandelt und als Entgrenzung der Freundschaft betrachtet wird.