bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dogmatism, Criticism, Divine Ideals: Rav A. I. Kook’s Concept of God in Light of H. Cohen
Authors: Oren Yehuda (Yady)
Published: January 2022

This paper examines the claim that the two final articles of Rav Kook’s book Ikvei Hatzon were written as a response to a lecture given by Hermann Cohen. It first reviews Cohen’s lecture showing that, regarding the concept of God, Cohen argues for the compatibility of Judaism and Kantianism in denying the dogmatic-mythological preoccupation with the existence of God in favor of understanding God as the basis of morality. Second, it analyzes Kook’s articles, demonstrating that he accepts the compatibility of Judaism and Kantianism together with the denial of the dogmatic relation to God as a substance. Nevertheless, Kook is not satisfied with the critical view that denies the dogmatic relation to the substance altogether, since it formulates a merely negative relationship with God. Instead, he develops his concept of the Divine Ideals, which synthesizes the dogmatic preoccupation with substantiality and the critical denial of it. The Divine Ideals are the moral progression of man, through which man gradually becomes identical to God. Within the Divine Ideals, dogmatism becomes an emotional striving to be identical with God as a substance, while criticism is the intellectual negation of the possibility of such identity, which ensures that the process will continue indefinitely.
The Role of Work in the Life of Loránt Hegedüs (1872–1943)
Authors: Rab Virág
Published: January 2022

Purpose of the study. Loránt Hegedüs was a remarkable historical figure in interwar Hungary. As a politician, economist, publicist, and belletrist, he influenced contemporary politics, economics, public life, literature, history, and religion. This study aims to understand the role of work in Hegedüs’ life; in other words, the study provides a deeper understanding of what work meant for Hegedüs, which stood behind his extraordinary performance and productivity. In addition, the study addresses further questions as to what factors influenced Hegedüs’ career choice and how, which occupation was the most significant at each stage of his life and why, as well as what his daily schedule looked like and what his working method was. Applied method. The main research question, what role work played in Hegedüs’ life, was examined chronologically and systematically throughout Hegedüs’ entire life story, in close interaction with the socio-cultural context. Levinson’s model provided the theoretical framework of the research. The Levinsonian theory interpreted man’s work as the primary base for his life in society and allowed studying individual and society (in Levinson’s words self and world) together. Based on Levinson’s theory, four periods of Hegedüs’ life were examined. A variety of sources, Hegedüs’ published writings, other contemporary publications, personal records, and a family chronicle, were used to answer the research questions. Outcomes. Work played a decisive role in Hegedüs’ entire life especially in his social integration. On the one hand his exceptional abilities, his unique family (its members, financial background, social affiliation, religion) together with his upbringing, on the other hand external circumstances (changes in politics, economy, and society) shaped Hegedüs’ idea and choices about work. As a result, Hegedüs established clear and strong values about work in adolescence and interpreted work as a duty owed to the community. In this context, his long-term goal was value creation, and his legacy, which he considered essential to support the next generation. Changes in the external world, especially challenges in work or limited possibilities for work, were reflected in the pattern of Hegedüs’ periods of life.
The Economy of the Transylvanian Roman Catholic Status Between the World Wars
Authors: Máthé András
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the study. To examine how the 20th century’s political changes affected the Roman Catholic Church structurally, and it’s specific institution, the Roman Catholic Status by the agrarian reforms which were part of the modernization process and nation-building in Greater Romania; and more importantly in Transylvania, the area of the four Roman Catholic dioceses of Nagyárad, Gyulafehérvár, Temesvár and Szatmár, and what alternatives were created for economical surviving. Applied methods. Literature review including the history of World War I and the consequences of the upcoming treaties of Versailles. We involved sources from church literature, agrarian estates records and data from researches of the Status archives from Transylvania. The research framework is the history of the Roman Catholic Status. We introduced four ecclesiastical counties whose economically changes influenced the administration of several institutions and funds belonging to the Status. We made a structural analysis examining the new economic system of the Roman Catholic Status situated in the middle of the modernization development of Greater Romania. Outcomes. Due to the annexation of Transylvania to Romania, the Roman Catholic Church went from a privileged position to a marginal position, since the majority of the Romanian population was Orthodox Christian. Many problems of the process of modernization and nationbuilding in Greater Romania were felt by all sections of the population, but it was the ethnic minorities and their institutions - especially the churches - which were to be integrated into the new nation-state that were most affected. The four Roman Catholic dioceses Gyulafehérvár (Alba Iulia), Nagyvárad (Oradea), Temesvár (Timișoara) and Szatmár (Satu Mare)) expropriated 277,513 acres of a total of 290,570 acres of land, which represented 98% of the land holdings. The agrarian reform of 1919-1920 brought major changes in the management of the Status funds and the estates belonging to them.
The Social Composition of Medical Students at the Erzsébet University Between 1930 and 1945
Authors: Lengvári István
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the study. To examine the social composition of medical students of the Erzsébet University of Pécs (ETE) between 1930 and 1945 based on statistics about religion, place of birth and father/guardian occupation. To present the external processes affecting the admission of students based on the minutes of the university governing body. To present some typical individual careers of students of the examined period. Applied methods. Statistical analysis of student enrolment and diploma books. Analysis of major processes using the minutes of the medical faculty and university council meetings and literature. Presenting and categorising careers using all available archival and library data. Outcomes. Compared to the previous decade and a half, the number of medical students at ETE decreased for demographic and political reasons. The religious composition of the students changed due to measures restricting Jewish students’ university admission, and disenfranchising them. The careers examined also demonstrate how affected students tried to circumvent these measures.
Wood Industry in the Region of the Dráva at the Age of Dualism
Authors: Szabó Máté
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the study. In the rapidly industrializing Hungary, the wood industry became an important economic branch in the country by the beginning of the 20th century, which also played a significant role in the country’s foreign trade. This industry was extremely important in the area I studied, as the forest cover along the Dráva was above the national average, and the quality of the forest stock also had an international reputation. In the last third of the 19th century, domestic and foreign demand for wood products increased, which was accompanied by an increase in the purchase prices of wood raw materials. Applied methods. I involved sources from monographies, employment and census records, and my own data from researches of archives. In my study I present the larger wood companies in the region, the results of the plants, the operation and extent of the industry, and their market relations. I also made a structural analysis examining the entrepreneur and its business together. Outcomes. During this period, the logistical and transportation possibilities of the region improved, as the railway lines – built almost completely until the war – networked the region. In addition to transport on the river, crossing opportunities also increased, so the raw material could reach a processing unit more and more quickly. In the age of dualism, a strong stratum of forest owners and entrepreneurs in the wood industry developed. Major wood industry enterprises were established mainly in the larger estates (Bellye, Dárda, Barcs, Berzence) or through citizenship in the territory of certain large municipalities. Outstanding among these was the Beliscian plant beyond the Dráva, which in two decades had become the largest timber company in Central Europe, employing thousands of people.
The Issue of the Utilization of Thermal Resources in Somogy County (1960-1990)
Authors: Nyári Tamás
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the study. To examine how the situation of thermal tourism in Somogy county developed during the period of socialism. The importance of the use of thermal wells for tourism or industrial purposes was considered by the county council and the organizations of the Hungarian Socialist Workers’ Party (MSZMP). Applied methods. Literature review, especially the development of thermal tourism. The overview includes general processing of economic and tourism history. We place great emphasis on the use of archival materials. It is also important to examine the local press and use the collections of legislation. Outcomes. In Hungary, more and more economic policy measures have been taken since the 1960s to develop tourism. In some rural areas, this was linked to the increased number of oil drillings at the time, as hot water was found in many cases during the test drillings, on which thermal tourism could later be built. Despite the fact that Somogy County was already a prominent tourist destination through Lake Balaton, until the mid-1970s, 22 springs were found during the test drillings where the temperature of the water breaking to the surface exceeded 35 °C. Some of these wells were closed, but the issue of their exploitation could not be circumvented, which caused a number of problems due to a lack of material and human resources. At the same time, the Somogy County Council and county organizations of the Hungarian Socialist Workers’ Party (MSZMP) took the issue of thermal tourism extremely seriously and developed a concept for their development on two occasions. However, this only applied only to four major spas: Nagyatád, Igal, Csokonyavisonta and Kaposvár. The smaller spas were entrusted to local maintainers.
Multi-scale Evaluation of Aging and Damage-Healing Performance of Asphalt Mixtures of Various Gradations
Authors: Cui Yanan , Li Maorong , Zhang Shuyan , Guo Jing
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to explore the changes in the aging and self-healing properties of styrene butadiene styrene-modified asphalt mixtures of different gradations under different aging conditions, healing temperatures, healing times, and damage degrees. The internal pore structure of the mixture was analyzed using the nuclear magnetic resonance technique. The flexural creep healing test was used, and the self-healing performance of modified asphalt mixtures of AC-13, AC-16, and SMA-13 was evaluated by calculating the cumulative dissipated energy. The results show that the original asphalt mixture with the same gradation has the largest pore size, which decreases with the degree of aging; the smallest porosity is that of thermal-ultraviolet composite aging. High temperatures can improve the fluidity of asphalt, partly filling the pores inside the asphalt mixture and thereby reducing the porosity. Furthermore, with the increase in the degree of aging and damage, the healing rate becomes slower. In addition, the healing rate of the three asphalt mixtures under different influencing factors shows that the SMA-13 asphalt mixture performs the best and the AC-13 asphalt mixture is the worst. The basalt fiber plays a bridging role, as it improves the adhesion between asphalt and other aggregates. The increase in the degree of aging reduces the deformation ability of the asphalt mixture and lowers the fluidity of the asphalt and the healing rate. The SMA-13 asphalt mixture shows better self-healing performance when applied to a bituminous pavement.
100 YEARS OF VITAMIN D: Effect of serum vitamin D level before ovarian stimulation on the cumulative live birth rate of women undergoing in vitro fertilization: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Ko Jennifer K Y , Shi Jinghua , Li Raymond H W , Yeung William S B , Ng Ernest H Y
Published: January 2022

Objective

Vitamin D receptors are present in the female reproductive tract. Studies on the association between serum vitamin D level and pregnancy rate of in vitro fertilization (IVF) showed inconsistent results and focused on a single fresh or frozen embryo transfer cycle. The objective of our study was to evaluate if serum vitamin D level before ovarian stimulation was associated with the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) of the first IVF cycle.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Methods

Women who underwent the first IVF cycle from 2012 to 2016 at a university-affiliated reproductive medicine center were included. Archived serum samples taken before ovarian stimulation were analyzed for 25(OH)D levels using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Results

In total, 1113 had pregnancy outcome from the completed IVF cycle. The median age (25th–75th percentile) of the women was 36 (34–38) years and serum 25(OH)D level was 53.4 (41.9–66.6) nmol/L. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (less than 50 nmol/L) was 42.2%. The CLBR in the vitamin D-deficient group was significantly lower compared to the non-deficient group (43.9%, 208/474 vs 50.9%, 325/639, P  = 0.021, unadjusted), and after controlling for women’s age, BMI, antral follicle count, type and duration of infertility. There were no differences in the clinical/ongoing pregnancy rate, live birth rate and miscarriage rate in the fresh cycle between the vitamin D deficient and non-deficient groups.

Conclusions

Vitamin D deficiency was prevalent in infertile women in subtropical Hong Kong. The CLBR of the first IVF cycle in the vitamin D-deficient group was significantly lower compared to the non-deficient group.
Influence of geometry on the stiffness of corner finger joints
Authors: Kamboj Gourav , Záborský Vladimír , Girl Tomáš
Published: January 2022

Finger joints enable the full utilization of wood. The finger joint technique is used to eliminate wood defects that would otherwise weaken the wood strength. This research project evaluated how the wood species, adhesive type, and number of teeth affect the elastic stiffness of finger joints. The adhesives used were polyurethane and polyvinyl acetate, and the wood species were beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and spruce (Picea abies L.). This study also determined the elastic stiffness of finger joints with 2 teeth and 5 teeth. For this purpose, the samples were loaded via a bending moment reaction, with tensile or compression forces in the angular plane. The highest elastic stiffness was obtained from the beech wood samples with 5 teeth bonded with polyvinyl acetate adhesive under tensile stress. Therefore, it was concluded that the elastic stiffness increased when the number of teeth increased. However, further studies on the elastic stiffness of finger joints are necessary in relation to the finger teeth length and surface area of the glue between the finger joint connections.
La mitificación de Santa María en La vida breve de Juan Carlos Onetti
Authors: Rosas Martínez Alfredo
Published: January 2022

El propósito de este artículo consiste en demostrar que en la novela La vida breve, de Juan Carlos Onetti, la ciudad de Santa María está creada y mitificada con base en un decorado mítico en relación con el símbolo, el mito y el arquetipo. Esta situación se inscribe en la tradición milenaria y arcaica relativa a la creación de una ciudad por medio de un rito, como si se tratara de la puesta en escena de un misterio en un espacio y un tiempo sagrados. En cuanto al espacio, el diseño se basa en la figura geométrica del cuadrado. Además, consta de la noción de centro como axis mundi. En relación con el tiempo, la fundación de la ciudad debe llevarse a cabo en una fecha especial. Por otro lado, en la novela de Onetti subyace el mito de la pasión de Cristo, en el que es esencial la presencia de la Virgen María. La ciudad creada por Onetti es una ciudad de pecadores. La Virgen es invocada como madre protectora. En este elemento del decorado mítico de la ciudad se funden las imágenes de la madre de Cristo y la de Santa Rosa María de Lima.
Método de geomorphon aplicado à Antártica: identificação de formas de relevo paraglaciais de macro e mesoescala. Ilha Rei George, Ilhas Shetlands do Sul
Authors: Petsch Carina , Perondi Cleiva , Rosa Kátia Kellem da , Vieira Rosemary , Robaina Luís Eduardo de Souza , Trentin Romario
Published: January 2022

Com a retração de geleiras na Antártica marítima, e os cenários de mudanças climáticas,faz-se necessário compreender os processos geomorfológicos atuantes nessas áreas recentemente expostas. O artigo apresenta o Método de Geomorphon aplicado à Antártica (Geomorphon Method aplicado à Antártica — em diante GMA) voltado ao mapeamento de formas de relevo nas áreas livres de gelo da Ilha Rei George. A avaliação da classificação foi realizada com base na interpretação dos MDE e nos trabalhos de campo realizados em 2015 e 2016. Os elementos de relevo identificados pelo gma foram relacionados com as formas erosivas e deposicionais por um lado de macro escala de gênese glacial, como vales, aretês, horns, e por outro lado de meso escala como canais glaciofluviais, morainas de avanço e de recessão, e ainda as de gênese paraglacial e marinha. Morainas de avanço frontais foram identificadas em todas as áreas, com exceção do sistema paraglacial da geleira Ecology, e juntamente com os vales em U mapeados, indicam a antiga direção de fluxo das geleiras, e locais onde havia maior espessura de gelo. A identificação dessas formas contribui para estudos que avaliam a sucessão de mudanças na paisagem com a recente retração dos sistemas glaciais, comprovando a potencialidade do GMA.
Fronteira Brasil-Bolívia: formação, demarcações, conflitos e linha férrea
Authors: Rafael Carlos Eduardo Silva Simões , Oliveira Neto Thiago , Batista Nogueira Ricardo José , Yano Yuji Santos
Published: January 2022

A fronteira do Brasil com a Bolívia é a mais extensa entre outros países com 3.423 quilômetros. Este artigo aborda a formação da parte norte da fronteira Brasil-Bolívia, destacando os principais eventos históricos, materializados em tratados e acordos que deixaram marcas nessa fronteira em particular. A pesquisa esteve estruturada em quatro momentos: levantamentos bibliográficos sobre formação territorial; histórico da fronteira analisada; trabalho de campo; construção de mapas com bases em informações geo-históricas. Durante o Brasil Imperial (1822-1889) ocorreram os primeiros acordos para estabelecer os limites. No início do século xx, a Bolívia e o Brasil assinaram os Tratados de Petrópolis e de Palmas, resultando na perda territorial por parte da Bolívia, e como parte do acordo o Brasil construiu a ferrovia Madeira-Mamoré (1907-1912) que permitiu à Bolívia uma saída para o mar. A formação dessa fronteira em particular foi resultante de um processo de intervenção do Estado com o avanço do povoamento e de construção de fortificações para fins de controle territorial. Havia o interesse em fazer circular a produção de borracha silvestre e, para vencer um trecho encachoeirado do rio madeira
A passagem do poder disciplinar para a biopolítica em Foucault
Authors: Silva Glaucer Ferreira
Published: January 2022

O presente estudo pretende concisamente pensar como a noção de poder surge na filosofia foucaltiana, apontando para os desdobramentos que esta ideia apresenta no pensamento do autor, causando deslocamentos e variações tendo tal conceito como escopo. O movimento que empregaremos neste estudo passa, portanto, por uma diminuta visita ao modo pelo qual as relações de poder são apresentadas pelo filósofo, bem como suas implicações nas ideias de poder disciplinar, biopoder e biopolítica. Apontando seus pontos de intersecção e de distinção.
Construction of Churches in the Mordovian Villages of the Alatyrsky District in the Second Half of the XVII – XIX Century
Authors: Mariskin Oleg I.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. The study of the features of the confessional and socio-cultural development of peoples and individual regions of the Russian state is one of the important research tasks. Results and Discussion. At the end of the XVII century the village of Novotroitskoye of the Alatyrsky district became the first Mordovian Christian settlement of the region, in which the new Christians, protected from oppression, began to live, who were an example for their tribesmen in the adoption of the Orthodox faith. From the middle of the XVIII century in many Novokreschen villages of the region, a chapel was initially built, in which a priest was determined to serve. Then money was allocated for the construction of the church. In the XIX century active construction of Orthodox churches continued on the territory of the Alatyrsky and Ardatovsky districts of the Simbirsk province: instead of outdated and dilapidated church buildings, new ones were built, and parish churches were opened in populous villages. Conclusion. The Christening of a Mordva and opening of churches became an important step in strengthening of Orthodoxy and autocracy in the region, have played a positive role in spiritual and moral education of the people, have left a noticeable mark in education development. To acceptance of christianity there was a sociocultural integration of a mordva into structure of the Russian Empire.

On the other hand, the commonality of the Orthodox religion was one of the factors in the development of assimilation processes among the Mordovian people.
Microbiological quality aspects of ready-to-eat foods with focus on antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation abilities of foodborne bacteria
Authors: Aksoy D.
Published: January 2022

In this study, microbiological quality of 93 ready-to-eat food products was determined by enumeration of total aerobic bacteria and members of Enterobacteriaceae. Presence of Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes in the products were also investigated. Aerobic colony counts were between 1.9 × 102–3.4 × 108 CFU g−1 for 84.9% and Enterobacteriaceae counts were between 2 × 102 and 6.7 × 106 CFU g−1 for 43% of the samples. S. aureus was detected in 7.5% of the samples, but L. monocytogenes was not detected in any sample. 72.9% of the Enterobacteriaceae isolates showed resistance to at least one antibiotic tested, and 5 among the S. aureus isolates were found to be resistant to penicillin G and 2 against methicillin. Four S. aureus isolates produced only Staphylococcal enterotoxin A and 1 isolate produced both Staphylococcal enterotoxin A and B. Biofilm experiments revealed biofilm formation on polystyrene for 95.8%, 87.5%, and 91.6% of Enterobacteriaceae isolates at 4 °C, 22 °C, and 37 °C, respectively, whereas all S. aureus isolates formed biofilm at all temperatures.
Presidential politics of constitutional amendment in Francophone Africa: The case of Senegal
Authors: Jakubiak Łukasz
Published: January 2022

The paper is devoted to the role of the head of state in initiating and implementing constitutional reforms in Senegal. This country can legitimately be regarded as one of the few examples of a relatively successful democratization process in Africa, as evidenced, among other things, by the lack of military coups leading to the loss of power by civilian governments, as well as by two democratic transfers of power (in 2000–2001 and 2012), after which the main opposition parties gained the presidency and the majority of parliamentary seats. Both these fundamental political transformations generated important constitutional changes (for example, the adoption of the current Constitution of 2001, or the constitutional modifications of 2016 and 2019) that have influenced, to a greater or lesser extent, the position of the presidency in Senegalese systems of government. The author analyses their significance for the functioning of contemporary political institutions in the broader context set by the politics of constitutional amendment which was conducted by previous presidents of this country. The main goal of the paper is to examine to what extent the constitutional modifications introduced before and after the adoption of the 2001 Constitution were designed to contribute to the beginning or consolidation of pro-democratic trends, and to what extent they were created to strengthen the position of an incumbent president himself, leading to a political imbalance and regress in the democratization process. The author argues that the constitutional modifications adopted over the years have often gone in two opposite directions, influencing the efficiency and durability of Senegalese institutional structures.
Gyermekkori indolens lymphomák differenciáldiagnosztikája
Authors: Burján Adrienn , Nagy Dóra , Kereskai László , Kajtár Béla , Vida Livia
Published: January 2022

Összefoglaló.
Bevezetés: A gyermekkorban előforduló hematológiai
megbetegedések közül az indolens non-Hodgkin-lymphomák igen ritka entitásnak
számítanak. A betegség általában körülírt nyirokcsomó-megnagyobbodással
jelentkezik, mely jellemzően lokalizált marad, szisztémás tünetek megjelenése
nélkül, a prognózis kifejezetten kedvező. Morfológiai képük igen változatos, ami
miatt gyakran differenciáldiagnosztikai kihívást jelentenek. Sajátos
klinikopatológiai megjelenésük és rendkívül kedvező gyógyhajlamuk miatt a
2016-os WHO klasszifikációban önálló entitásként szerepelnek, mint
gyermekkori-típusú follikuláris lymphoma és gyermekkori nodális marginális zóna
lymphoma. Jelen tanulmányunk célja volt átfogó képet adni a gyermekkori indolens
lymphomákról, különös hangsúlyt fektetve a differenciáldiagnosztikai
problematikára. Közleményünkben részletes ismertetésre kerülnek az egyes
szövettani típusok, morfológiai, immunhisztokémiai, klinikai és genetikai
jellemzők szerint.

Summary.
Introduction: Indolent non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the pediatric
and young adult population are very rare. The disease usually presents as
isolated, localized lymphadenopathy most often in the head and neck regions,
without generalized symptoms. The histology mainly shows mature B-cell lymphoma
phenotypes, distinction from reactive lymphoid hyperplasias can be often
difficult. Pediatric indolent lymphomas show characteristic clinicopathological
features with excellent prognosis that differ from the adult counterpart; these
lymphomas can be found as a distinct entity in the 2016 WHO classification as
the pediatric-type follicular lymphoma and the pediatric-type nodal marginal
zone lymphoma. In this study we present the pathologic characteristics:
morphology, immunophenotype and genetical features and the important
differential diagnostics of these entities.
Influence of tin doping on the liquefied petroleum gas and humidity sensing properties of NiO nanoparticles
Authors: Gupta Priya , Kumar Kuldeep , Saeed Syed Hasan , Pandey Narendra Kumar , Verma Vernica , Singh Peramjeet , Yadav Bal Chandra
Published: January 2022

This research deals with study of enhanced liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and humidity sensing properties of Sn-doped NiO pellets synthesized by chemical precipitation route. XRD, FTIR, SEM, and UV–Vis studies were employed to understand the effect of Sn doping on the structural, morphological, and optical properties of the NiO nanoparticles. XRD results revealed that doping of tin in NiO had a significant impact on the crystallite size, peak intensity, strain, lattice parameter, etc. The calculated crystallite size of pure and 3 mol% doped NiO was 33.2 nm and 13.3 nm, respectively. SEM micrographs revealed that the structure of the samples was irregular spheres and non-homogeneous. The dependence of LPG sensing properties on the structural and surface morphological properties has also been studied. The maximum response of 30.46% to 2.0 vol% of LPG was observed at room temperature (300 K). The same sample also shows high humidity sensing response of 87.11% towards 90% RH.

Graphic abstract
INDUSTRIALITATION EFFECTS IN GEORGE ORWELL’S THE ROAD TO WIGAN PIER (1937)
Authors: Bangkit Afina Aji , Jamaludin Yusup
Published: January 2022

To see industrialization effects in England, this research focused on a literary work of an essay. The book can describe and express what happened in the reality. This research focuses on the book to know Industrialization effects on George Orwell The Road to Wigan Pier. The Road to Wigan Pier written in 1937 tells the experience, notes, and ideas from George Orwell when he walked down the slums area in England. In order to reveal the ideology within the book, this research uses qualitative research to interpret the data. The data were collected through purposive sampling, namely focusing on the data that concerns the industrialization encountered in the elements of the book. As a result, George Orwell divided his work into two parts. The first part content about George Orwell notes when he walked down the slums area in England. He describes slums condition, the lodging that he occupies, the state of miners condition, poverty, and unemployment. In the second part content about George Orwell idea and his critic of industrialization effects and the failure of socialism and his perspective on socialism, his opinion about socialism that the real socialist is people who actively want to see tyranny is destroyed and not only imagine that matters only to want. Keywords: Industrialization; Industrialization effects; socialism
DEMON AS FORM OF SATIRICAL STATEMENT IN DRAMA THE TRAGICAL HISTORY OF DOCTOR FAUSTUS
Authors: Fadlilah Maulani Fitri , Priyawan Pepen
Published: January 2022

This study focuses on a word or line that is identified as satire in a drama entitled The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus. The data was taken in the form of dialogues from the characters. Demon as a satirical expression means that the words or line identified as satire was built by several elements that are attached with demon characteristics (demonic). Demon is a creature who has clear characteristics as a bad set. The bad character of the demon is representative of satire. The character demon is a representation of ugliness or evil of the object criticized in the drama The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus. Researchers used the descriptive analysis method by Ratna (2004) in conducting this research. Descriptive analysis is a method used to analyze data and facts in the text and then interpret them. The researcher used two theories in seeing the story. Inter-relationship principle and semiotic.   The results of this research found three important elements in accordance with the topic of this research. The first is the antagonist character Mephistophilis, the demon. The second is the allusion to Franciscan Friar. Third, the phrase holy shape becomes the devil best is satire. Thus, the combination of elements leads to a demon as a form of satirical expression.
HEGEMONY BY ANTONIO GRAMSCI IN THE LION KING FILM
Authors: Hendarsyah Jelita Dewanty , EF Abd. Hannan , Awaludin Lili
Published: January 2022

In this thesis, the researcher focuses on discussing the coup in The Lion King film directed by John Favreau in 2019. This research is based on the model proposed by Antonio Gramsci's hegemony of power, this theory covers the causes of the normal practice of overthrowing power and the relationship of consent using the power structure. The purpose of this research is to find out and understand the relationship between the conflict between the main characters causing the coup d'etat represented in film literature; especially in examining the similarities in the causes of the coup d'etat from the perspective of the Hegemony of Power, the three aspects that caused the coup d'etat; Obsession, Discrimination, and Betrayal. To find out the truth, the researcher focuses on examining the hegemony of power that is applied in The Lion King Film. Hegemony is applied in the form of driving bad opinions to achieve the desired result, namely becoming a king. The results of this study indicate that there are 3 reasons for the application of the hegemony of power contained in The Lion King Film, obsession, driving bad opinion, cunning.
Applcation of geomatics to the multicriteria zoning of the Upper ALibori forest reserve in northern benin (West Africa)
Authors: Arouna Ousseni , Issiako Dramane , Kossougbeto Briac Kévin Patrick
Published: January 2022

The Forest of Upper Alibori is subject to strong agricultural and pastoral pressures from year to year despite the implementation of a forest management plan. It is therefore appropriate to conduct an integrated and spatialized analysis of the effects of these pressures on plant biodiversity from a spatial planning perspective. The research objective is to establish a multi-criteria zoning of the Upper Alibori Forest Reserve that can reconcile biodiversity conservation and sustainable agropastoral exploitation. A methodological approach based on geomatics was adopted. Hierarchical multi-criteria analysis and cross-layer analysis are the main techniques adopted. The state of plant biodiversity, one of the important criteria for multi-criteria zoning. The intersection of the scientific zoning and the zoning proposed by the riparian population shows a similarity of 54%. In the central core, the similarity between the two types of zoning is 32%. Spatially, this similarity is observed along the Alibori River. At the level of the agricultural series, the two zonings show a similarity level of 23%. The elaboration of an integrated zoning made it possible to distinguish several management series. The management series delimited are made up of the central core (32%), the protection series (11%), the production series (17%), the scientific research series (2%), the service series (2%) and the agropastoral and reforestation series (36%). The implementation of such zoning is the responsibility of the forest administration.
The Management of Theft and Vandalism on Construction Jobsites in the Southern Region of Malawi
Authors: SIMUKONDA W. , Kamwela N.
Published: January 2022

The phenomenon of theft and vandalism on construction job sites in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has not been fully explored to guarantee the implementation of evidence-based security management practices (SMPs) to minimise losses and improve projects' profitability margins. This study investigated the management of theft and vandalism by large contractors in the Southern Region of Malawi to identify implementation issues that need improvement. A quantitative approach using an empirical survey-based questionnaire was adopted. 44 SMPs identified from the literature review were tested by data collected from a sample survey of 40 large contractors in the Southern Region of Malawi. The descriptive statistical method of mean score ranking was used to analyse the data through IBM Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Among the five-point Likert scale agreement measurements used, 11 SMPs were found to be "always used", 12 SMPs "often used", 15 SMPs "sometimes used", and six SMPs "rarely used". Overall, the top three highly ranked SMPs (in descending order) were inventorying construction materials, tools and equipment, termination of employment for offenders, and reporting theft and vandalism to enforcement agencies. Contrariwise, the use of closed-circuit television (CCTV), alarm systems and access control systems (ACS) was the least ranked SMPs. The contractors’ management improvements for theft and vandalism would need to focus on implementing proactive anti-theft and anti-vandalism SMPs whose choice should be informed by comprehensive Jobsite security risk assessment. Dissemination of the results may help contractors understand their security management strategies and implement practical solutions for curbing theft and vandalism on job sites to minimise its endemic effect on contractors’ financial performance.
Keywords: Theft and Vandalism; Security management practices; Likert scale; Malawi.
Da'wa, Keris, and Community Elites in Java
Authors: Ismail Muchammad , Mu'adi Sholih
Published: January 2022

The keris is recognized as an heirloom by the people of the archipelago until now it is still interesting to study. Why is that. It is undeniable that many people are pro and contra of the keris cultural heritage. This study is to see people’s view on Keris. This study uses a qualitative approach with a phenomenological approach. One of the research methods used is participant observation The results of the data findings there are three discussions, among others; a) the history of the keris has existed since the Hindu-Buddhist era in Java. Keris comes from the Keker language and Aris Kekeran means fence (barrier, warning, control). Meanwhile, Aris means calm, steady, smooth. b) Keris in the Islamic perspective, Islam does not prohibit owning a keris because it is an asset of cultural capital in religion for preaching by the elite of society. c) the form of elite behavior in the possession of a keris there is a moderating attitude that the keris must be preserved to the community including the elite making it the object of the keris as a medium of da'wah d). keris as a moral and ethical symbol, during the movement of the Walisongo the keris was not just a noble iron aji, but in it contained the values ​​and philosophy of the meaning of exemplary life, the keris for its owner was the embodiment of prayer to God by the master to the owner of the keris.
Da'wa in Shihab & Shihab Youtube Content
Authors: Ikrimah Fauziyah , Rindianto M. Alief , Emeraldien Fikry Zahria , Pratama Muhammad Wahyu
Published: January 2022

The development of information and communication technology plays an important role in meeting the needs of people from various sectors of life, one of which is da'wah. Da'wa activities which are usually carried out face to face, can now be done anywhere and anytime without being constrained by time and place. Youtube is one of the platforms that is often used as a medium of da'wa because Youtube makes it easy to access and spread da'wa messages, especially when conflicts arise in the name of certain groups. This is because the resulting conflict is contrary to the principles of human life, harmony and peace. Therefore, to minimize the occurrence of these conflicts, the application of religious moderation is quite important and is expected to be a 'reducer' for the religious ways of extremist communities. To deal with this, we need some kind of da'wa content that invites people to tolerate and understand the differences, one of which is Shihab & Shihab's Youtube content "Wasathiyyah Islam, Islam in the middle."
Creation of a collection of different biological sample types from elderly patients to study the relationship of clinical, systemic, tissue and cellular biomarkers of accumulation of senescent cells during aging
Authors: Sorokina A. G. , Orlova Ya. A. , Grigorieva O. A. , Novoseletskaya E. S. , Basalova N. A. , Alexandrushkina N. A. , Vigovsky M. A. , Kirillova K. I. , Balatsky A. V. , Samokhodskaya L. M. , Danilova N. V. , Dyachkova U. D. , Fedotov D. А. , Akopyan A. A. , Kakotkin V. V. , Asratyan D. A. , Akopyan Zh. A. , Efimenko A. Yu.
Published: January 2022

With aging, tissue homeostasis and their effective recovery after damage is violated. It has been shown that this may be due to the excessive accumulation of senescent (SC) cells in various tissues, which leads to the activation of chronic sterile inflammation, tissue dysfunction and, as a result, to the development of age-related diseases. To assess the contribution of SC cells to human body aging and pathogenesis of such diseases, relevant biomarkers are studied. For successful translation into clinical practice of approaches aimed at regulating the SC cell content in various tissues, it is necessary to study the relationship between the established clinical biomarkers of aging and age-related diseases, systemic aging parameters, and SC biomarkers at the tissue and cellular levels.

Aim. To develop and describe action algorithms for creating a biobank of samples obtained from patients aged >65 years in order to study biomarkers of SC cell accumulation.

Material and methods. To collect samples, an interaction system was built between several research, clinical and infrastructure departments of a multidisciplinary medical center. At the stage of preanalytical training, regulatory legal acts were developed, including informed consent for patients, as well as protocols for each stage of the study.

Results. A roadmap was formed with action algorithms for all participants in the study, as well as with a convenient and accessible system of annotations and storage of biological samples. To date, the collection includes biological samples of 7 different types (peripheral blood serum, formalin-fixed tissue samples and formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue specimens, samples of different cells isolated from peripheral blood, skin and adipose tissue, samples of deoxyribonucleic and ribonucleic acids, cell secretome conditioned media) obtained from 82 patients. We accumulated relevant anamnestic, clinical and laboratory data, as well as the results of experimental studies to assess the SC cell biomarkers. Using the collection, the relationship between clinical, tissue and cellular biomarkers of SC cell accumulation was studied.

Conclusion. The creation of a collection of biological samples at the molecular, cellular, tissue and organism levels from one patient provides great opportunities for research in the field of personalized medicine and the study of age-related disease pathogenesis.
First study of the RuPatient health information system with optical character recognition of medical records based on machine learning
Authors: Komkov A. A. , Mazaev V. P. , Ryazanova S. V. , Samochatov D. N. , Koshkina E. V. , Bushueva E. V. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: January 2022

RuPatient health information system (HIS) is a computer program consisting of a doctor-patient web user interface, which includes algorithms for recognizing medical record text and entering it into the corresponding fields of the system.

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of RuPatient HIS in actual clinical practice.

Material and methods. The study involved 10 cardiologists and intensivists of the department of cardiology and сardiovascular intensive care unit of the L. A. Vorokhobov City Clinical Hospital 67 We analyzed images (scanned copies, photos) of discharge reports from patients admitted to the relevant departments in 2021. The following fields of medical documentation was recognized: Name, Complaints, Anamnesis of life and illness, Examination, Recommendations. The correctness and accuracy of recognition of entered information were analyzed. We compared the recognition quality of RuPatient HIS and a popular optical character recognition application (FineReader for Mac).

Results. The study included 77 pages of discharge reports of patients from various hospitals in Russia from 50 patients (men, 52%). The mean age of patients was 57,7±7,9 years. The number of reports with correctly recognized fields in various categories using the program algorithms was distributed as follows: Name — 14 (28%), Diagnosis — 13 (26%), Complaints — 40 (80%), Anamnesis — 14 (28%), Examination — 24 (48%), Recommendations — 46 (92%). Data that was not included in the category was also recognized and entered in the comments field. The number of recognized words was 549±174,9 vs 522,4±215,6 (p=0,5), critical errors in words — 2,1±1,6 vs 4,4±2,8 (p<0,001), non-critical errors — 10,3±4,3 vs 5,6±3,3 (p<0,001) for RuPatient HIS and optical character recognition application for a personal computer, respectively.

Conclusion. The developed RuPatient HIS, which includes a module for recognizing medical records and entering data into the corresponding fields, significantly increases the document management efficiency with high quality of optical character recognition based on neural network technologies and the automation of filling process.
Influence of preanalytical variables on the quality of cell-free DNA. Biobanking of cell-free DNA material
Authors: Kondratskaya V. A. , Pokrovskaya M. S. , Doludin Yu. V. , Borisova A. L. , Limonova A. S. , Meshkov А. N. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: January 2022

The search for early disease markers and the development of diagnostic systems has recently been expanding within genomics. Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and microbiome DNA obtained from different types of samples (tissues, blood and its derivatives, feces, etc.) are used as objects of genetic research. It has been shown that cfDNA that enters the bloodstream, in particular, as a result of apoptosis, necrosis, active tumor secretion and metastasis, is of great importance for studying molecular mechanisms of the pathological process and application in clinical practice. Circulating nucleic acid analysis can be used to monitor response to treatment, assess drug resistance, and quantify minimal residual disease. The review article reflects the following information about the biomaterial: source of cfDNA, methods of cfDNA isolation, storage and use for the diagnosis of certain diseases. Cell-free DNA can be present in biological fluids such as blood, urine, saliva, synovial and cerebrospinal fluid. In most cases, cfDNA is isolated from blood derivatives (serum and plasma), while it is most correct to use blood plasma for cfDNA isolation. Optimal and economically justifiable is the use of ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid tubes for taking blood and obtaining plasma with subsequent cfDNA isolation. There is evidence that the optimal shelf life in an ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid tube from the moment of blood sampling to subsequent isolation is a 2-hour interval. After centrifugation, cfDNA in plasma (or serum) can be stored for a long time at a temperature of -80O C. Storage at -20O C is undesirable, since DNA fragmentation increases.