bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprendre les objets connectés grand public : proposition d’une taxonomie centrée sur l’utilisateur
Authors: Zhong Zeling , Balagué Christine
Published: August 2021

Depuis ces dernières années, les objets connectés suscitent un intérêt croissant dans le cadre de la consumérisation des TIC, influençant notre vie quotidienne. Néanmoins, la numérisation des objets physiques offre une abondance d’objets apparemment similaires mais caractérisés par certains attributs que les consommateurs ne parviennent pas à s’apercevoir et à s’approprier. En raison du phénomène de désengagement, les consommateurs ont besoin d’un outil pour les guider dans le choix de l’objet connecté le plus appropriable pour répondre à leurs besoins. Cette recherche vise à mieux comprendre les objets connectés en proposant une taxonomie en fonction des niveaux d’amélioration de l’expérience et de la pertinence pour des usages effectifs tels que appropriés. Cette taxonomie centrée sur l’utilisateur nous a permis de formuler des recommandations aux acteurs du marché des objets connectés à destination du grand public, spécifique à chaque catégorie d’objets connectés.
Predator-prey interactions under fear effect and multiple foraging strategies
Authors: Halder Susmita , Bhattacharyya Joydeb , Pal Samares
Published: August 2021

We propose and analyze the effects of a generalist predator-driven fear effect on a prey population by considering a modified Leslie-Gower predator-prey model. We assume that the prey population suffers from reduced fecundity due to the fear of predators. We investigate the predator-prey dynamics by incorporating linear, Holling type Ⅱ and Holling type Ⅲ foraging strategies of the generalist predator. As a control strategy, we have considered density-dependent harvesting of the organisms in the system. We show that the systems with linear and Holling type Ⅲ foraging exhibit transcritical bifurcation, whereas the system with Holling type Ⅱ foraging has a much more complex dynamics with transcritical, saddle-node, and Hopf bifurcations. It is observed that the prey population in the system with Holling type Ⅲ foraging of the predator gets severely affected by the predation-driven fear effect in comparison with the same with linear and Holling type Ⅱ foraging rates of the predator. Our model simulation results show that an increase in the harvesting rate of the predator is a viable strategy in recovering the prey population.
Boundary stabilization of a flexible structure with dynamic boundary conditions via one time-dependent delayed boundary control
Authors: Chentouf Boumedièene , Mansouri Sabeur
Published: August 2021

This article deals with the dynamic stability of a flexible cable attached at its top end to a cart and a load mass at its bottom end. The model is governed by a system of one partial differential equation coupled with two ordinary differential equations. Assuming that a time-dependent delay occurs in one boundary, the main concern of this paper is to stabilize the dynamics of the cable as well as the dynamical terms related to the cart and the load mass. To do so, we first prove that the problem is well-posed in the sense of semigroups theory provided that some conditions on the delay are satisfied. Thereafter, an appropriate Lyapunov function is put forward, which leads to the exponential decay of the energy as well as an estimate of the decay rate.
A incorporação da pandemia na retórica da Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus
Authors: Miletta Martins Erik Fernando
Published: August 2021

Neste artigo, nosso objetivo é averiguar como a pandemia da Covid-19 impacta a retórica da Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus. Nossa hipótese é de que os impactos sociais da crise redimensionam sobremaneira a projeção do pathos, isto é, a leitura do orador sobre valores e interesses do público-alvo dessa igreja. Nosso referencial teórico assenta-se sobre os estudos sociocognitivos do texto, nos quais a referência, isto é, a forma como damos a conhecer o mundo através da linguagem, é noção central e organizadora do campo epistemológico. Assim, e considerando a metáfora como elemento essencial à retórica religiosa, perseguimos nosso objetivo examinando como o líder fundador dessa igreja conceptualiza via metáfora referências sobre a pandemia, incorporando-a à retórica. Para esse percurso, selecionamos três registros audiovisuais, espaçados por aproximadamente trinta dias desde a declaração de pandemia de Covid-19 pela OMS, e levantamos processos referenciais metafóricos tematicamente pertinentes. Em nossa análise aplicamos uma noção dinâmica de contexto para observar como eventos sociais, políticos e culturais relevantes à vida da igreja são incorporados aos processos referenciais emergentes. Em nossas conclusões, apontamos como os dados confirmam nossa hipótese e, também, exploramos os sentidos da reação da Igreja Universal à pandemia no espectro da racionalidade neoliberal.    
Palavras-chave: Metáfora; Contexto; Covid-19.
Filosofía de la matemática: La intuición en el pensamiento de Kurt Gödel
Authors: Peña-Páez Lina María
Published: August 2021

La intuición matemática es un tema ampliamente abordado en la filosofía de la ciencia. En este artículo se estudia la idea que sobre ella tiene, uno de los más grandes matemáticos de todos los tiempos Kurt Gödel. Cuando se revisan sus obras es inevitable encontrarse con el uso de la palabra “intuición” en muchas de sus demostraciones, y en algunos casos no resulta evidente qué deberíamos entender por esta noción. A veces, la usa indicando que es una facultad similar a la percepción de la física. En otras ocasiones, supone que es la encargada de validar los axiomas dotándolos de evidencia, lo que implica verla como un hecho psicológico. Pero resulta curioso, por ejemplo, que no apele a ella cuando se refiere a la creatividad.
Variações conceituais entre a ética e a moral
Authors: Santos Antonio Carlos dos
Published: August 2021

O objetivo deste texto é fornecer ao leitor alguns elementos para a reflexão sobre os conceitos de ética e de moral, tendo um fio comum entre eles: a ética lida com o “eu” à medida que diz respeito à ação boa e justa; a moral opera pela preocupação com o outro, uma vez que nossos atos seguem normas e regras estabelecidas socialmente. O artigo está dividido em duas partes. Na primeira, será problematizado o sentido do termo ética, dando maior relevo à ideia antiga, notadamente em Aristóteles. Na segunda, o de moral, com enfoque em Kant. Nas considerações finais faremos um confronto entre os dois conceitos. Seja pela via da ética, seja pela da moral, algo é certo: não passamos incólumes por elas; numa ou noutra, o seu objetivo é amenizar as relações humanas, tornando-as mais cordiais e socialmente justas.
Palavras-chave: Ética, moral, moralidade.
Culpa e responsabilidade: um diálogo entre Karl Jasper & Eric Weil
Authors: Soares Daniel Benevides
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo traçar um diálogo entre Karl Jaspers e Eric Weil por meio dos conceitos de culpa e responsabilidade política. Nossa proposta consiste em analisar o tipo de violência que Weil descreve como a obra do nazismo e que pode ser cotejada com o contexto da culpa política apresentada por Jaspers. Após trabalhar o conceito de violência pura, conforme definido por Weil, o passo posterior é discutir os quatro conceitos de culpa de Karl Jaspers e relacionar a culpa política com a responsabilidade política descrita por Eric Weil. Finalmente, procura-se esboçar algumas considerações sobre os perigos da violência pura. Para tanto, nos servimos, sobretudo do pensamento de Karl Jaspers e Eric Weil, entretanto, recorrendo eventualmente a outros autores que se mostrem adequados aos propósitos do artigo. Como a violência pura sempre permanece uma possibilidade, a democracia deve ser fortalecida para evitá-la.
Palavras-chave: Responsabilidade, culpa, política, violência.
Presentation
Authors: Coitinho Denis
Published: August 2021

Presentation.
Digital Marketing in the Context of Consumer Privacy
Authors: Vasagan V. T.
Published: August 2021

The development of technology adds advantages to corporations, allowing them to revamp their marketing strategies digitally. Digital marketing is formed by various techniques and tools and uses electronic media to promote the products and services in the market. This chapter attempts to explore whether the digital marketing has significant effects on customer privacy as it assesses the customer profile voluntarily or involuntarily, saving them from cybercrime. The primary data were collected from 100 samples, which consist of both males and females of different age groups. The considered hypotheses were tested, and it was observed that there is a significant impact of digital marketing on customers' privacy in terms of personal information and consumption of energy and money. Thus, corporations have to limit the number of advertisements, seek permission prior to sending advertisements, while respecting and protecting customers' privacy. Corporations could follow government guidelines and regulations strictly in the line of digital marketing, which in turn enable them to earn loyal customers.
Emerging Ecosystems Empowered by AI and IoT Technologies
Authors: Akasiadis Charilaos
Published: August 2021

As latest advancements signify the fourth industrial revolution, artificial intelligence (AI) and internet of things (IoT) became the focal points for innovators. IoT-enabled technology can be used to gather and explore huge amounts of data from both virtual and physical environments, and AI provides the means for effectively processing and manipulating resulting information to optimize or automate processes. In this chapter, the related state of the art is presented, along with the characteristics that enable the creation of hybrid innovation ecosystems. An overview of IoT and AI platforms is included, which can be utilized even by non-experts to compose advanced cost-effective services. Also, related notions such as interoperability and engagement are also discussed. Although such components can be applied in a multitude of domains, to provide a concrete example of innovation enablement, the smart grid ecosystem is employed. Here, participants, either from the supply or the demand side, take advantage of IoT and AI technology to address new business requirements that arise.
An Integrated LoRa-Based IoT Platform Serving Smart Farming and Agro-Logistics
Authors: Tsotsolas Nikos , Komisopoulos Faidon , Papadopoulos Philip , Koutsouraki Eleni
Published: August 2021

The value chain of agri-food is radically changed due the fact that consumers, as well as various players in the agro-logistics chain, seek for increased and trustful food safety. Given the specific characteristics of the agri-food supply chain, having numerous origin points, several aggregations hubs at different levels and then again numerous points of sales, the need of a holistic approach in collecting, forwarding and interpreting data in an interoperable way is a dire need. In this chapter, the authors present the architecture of the traceability platform KalaΘosTM and its IoT management module called, GP CoreIoTTM. The KalaΘos infrastructure includes a network of sensors devices at farms, equipment, trucks, aggregation, processing, and logistics facilities, connected to a network of LoRa gateways. Its open architecture focuses on semantic and syntactic interoperability approaches for joint exploitation of data collected and managed by other systems with similar aims and scope.
Prediction of Neurological Disorders Using Visual Saliency
Authors: S. Sreelakshmi , V. S. Anoop
Published: August 2021

Neurological disorders are diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system and most commonly affect middle- or old-age people. Accurate classification and early-stage prediction of such disorders are very crucial for prompt diagnosis and treatment. This chapter discusses a new framework that uses image processing techniques for detecting neurological disorders so that clinicians prevent irreversible changes that may occur in the brain. The newly proposed framework ensures reliable and accurate machine learning techniques using visual saliency algorithms to process brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The authors also provide ample hints and dimensions for the researchers interested in using visual saliency features for disease prediction and detection.
An Exploratory Analysis and Predictive SIR Model for the Early Onset of COVID-19 in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Mandapati Chandan Tanvi
Published: August 2021

The growth of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) in India has been rampant. Despite having a relatively small value of R0, the spread of disease increases exponentially every consecutive day. This chapter aims to analyze and conduct a concise study for the southern state of Tamil Nadu in India and build non-linear predictive models that evaluate the transmission of coronavirus amongst locals. A logistic regression and SIR model are deployed to understand the potential spread of disease. Through descriptive analysis on theoretical segmented portions, districts in Tamil Nadu with a higher number of confirmed cases are identified. Computation of crude mortality rate, infection fatality rate, predictive models, illustrations, and their results are discussed analytically.
Image Classification Using Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Ghosh Sukanta , Singh Amar
Published: August 2021

Facial expression recognition is an activity that is performed by every human in their day-to-day lives. Each one of us analyses the expressions of the individuals we interact with to understand how people interact and respond with us. The malicious intentions of a thief or a person to be interviewed can be recognized with the help of his facial features and gestures. Face recognition from picture or video is a well-known point in biometrics inquiry. Numerous open places, for the most part, have reconnaissance cameras, and these cameras have their noteworthy security incentives. It is generally recognized that face recognition has assumed a significant job in reconnaissance framework. The genuine favorable circumstances of face-based distinguishing proof over different biometrics are uniqueness. Since the human face is a unique item having a high level of inconstancy in its appearance, face location is a troublesome issue in computer vision. This chapter explores emotion detection using facial images.
The Digital Transformation of Companies
Authors: Ben Ali Miryam , El Fidha Chokri
Published: August 2021

The emergence of social media has given birth to a new culture in the digital era of Web 2.0 and has new forms of communication through social interactions between actors in the economic scene. In this era of digitalization, great attention is paid to the online reputation of companies. Now, company success is often measured by their ability to use social media and their level of social interaction with customers. Thanks to the development of online collaborative platforms, the world of business has seen new forms of online consumer engagement with companies and active participation in their value chains. This dynamic framework demonstrates the importance of understanding relationship that are forged online between consumer and organization. The authors try to explain the opportunity to co-create value by focusing on the relationship that may exist between the online reputation of companies and the co-creation of value with the consumer.
Impact of Consumer Internet Self-Efficacy and User Friendliness of Websites on E-Commerce Adoption
Authors: Alavi Shirin , Ahuja Vandana
Published: August 2021

The e-commerce market has grown tremendously in India over the last few years across all product categories and industry verticals. In this chapter, an attempt has been made to identify and explore the two factors that influence the success of adoption of e-commerce by apparel selling firms in India. The explored factors are the consumer internet self-efficacy (derived from compatibility) and user friendliness of websites (derived from trialability). Further, relationship between the factors and their influence on the successful adoption of e-commerce has been analysed through structured equation modelling (SEM) technique. Thus, this research study adds on to earlier research studies pertaining to innovation and diffusion theory. The findings will be helpful for the decision makers and managers in recognizing the most important circumstances under which the apparel selling firms will go for e-commerce adoption.
Development of Business Through the Internet and Social Media
Authors: Nicolaou Constantinos
Published: August 2021

This chapter will cover development of business from and through the internet and social media. The aim of the chapter, which was set from the beginning, was twofold. The primary aim was (1) to explain the role of the effective usage of social media in the business environment and (2) to prove effective professional use-based communication process from and through audiovisual media technologies and, secondly, to become an important guide, but also a list of (new) strategic tactics and practices from and through the internet and social media, while providing a rich bibliography through literature (from theory to practice) and historical elements as a source of further study. The modern age is constantly changing, and there will always be room for improvement.
Critical View of Multiple Channels Retailing
Authors: Ladwein Richard , Ben Achma Thouraya , Ben Mimoun Mohamed Slim
Published: August 2021

The aim of this chapter is to better understand the gap that exists between the literature dealing with multiple channels shopping behavior and the actual shoppers' behavior. Adopting a critical analysis of a large literature of research articles dealing with consumer behavior and retailing in a multiple channel context, covering the period from 2002 to 2020, this chapter identifies an important gap in the literature: generally the authors define the different situations of multiple channels retailing (e.g., multichannel, crosschannel, and omni-channel) from the company point of view, and the main distribution channels presented in the literature review do not reproduce the richness of variety of channels available to the shoppers. Implications for future research related to multiple channel retailing and shopping behavior are discussed.
Brand Purpose and Purpose-Driven Marketing
Authors: Gülmez Emrah
Published: August 2021

With the changing and transforming world, the relationship between consumers and brands began to change and transform. Nowadays, it is not enough for brands to produce quality products or provide quality service for consumers. Now, consumers expect brands to be sensitive to social, ecological, economic, or health problems. This situation has enabled the two concepts to become important and popular today: brand purpose and purpose-driven marketing. Brand purpose is the “why” the brand exists. And purpose-driven marketing is a marketing trend that aims to connect brands with their consumers through common social goals. It seems that the concepts of brand purpose and purpose-driven marketing will be more common in marketing communication. The notion of purpose will change the commercial dynamics of brands in the same way that digitalization transformed the way people buy and sell stuff. This is exactly why purpose is the new digital.
Knowledge Sharing in a Digital, Remote, and Disrupted World
Authors: Tessier Dana
Published: August 2021

Trust is a critical element when building knowledge management practices within an organization. For individuals and teams to share knowledge and collaborate, they must form a relationship that is based on trust. The role of trust within knowledge-sharing, and therefore collaboration and cooperation, will be discussed. In a multinational, distributed, remote work environment, colleagues will interact with content created by their peers before they interact with them, and therefore, digital repositories and content become an extension of the trust relationship between colleagues and even the organization itself. The trust required to facilitate knowledge-sharing will need to be extended to these digital environments so that the organization can maintain its competitive advantage and the benefits of effective knowledge management practices.
Knowledge Leaders as Multipliers
Authors: López-Richer Renée , Thompson Caroline
Published: August 2021

In order for knowledge management (KM) to thrive, an organization requires a combination of conditions that form the runway from which a KM initiative can take off. There is general agreement that technology, human resources, organizational culture, and leadership are among the key enablers of successful KM. The intentions and actions of knowledge leaders in particular can make a profound difference to how KM is institutionalized in an organization. The relationship between leadership and KM has been studied extensively, especially established leadership styles such as transformational and transactional leadership. In this chapter, the authors explore the influence of knowledge leadership on KM through the lens of Liz Wiseman's leadership paradigm, Multipliers. The authors propose that effective knowledge leadership reflects the traits of the multiplier: leaders who draw on certain skills and approaches to effectively “multiply” the intelligence of an organization.
Why Do Lessons Learned Often Fail?
Authors: Fry Ian
Published: August 2021

Organisations know they should do lessons learned. Standards like ISO9001 and ISO30401 say they should. Many try; few succeed. Traditionally, the first answer to the question is “lessons were observed, but not learned,” which reflects meaningful action was not taken as a result of the reported lesson. A lesson may have been identified, but nothing changed. As a result, learning did not happen. So why is this so? It is important to identify the ways in which the process towards effective lesson learning is becoming lost within the stages and how knowledge practitioners and those responsible for lessons learned can best help. This chapter will attempt to drill down on this answer, concentrating on the processes deployed and the real-world issues around the lesson-learning process.
Information Culture and Effective Use of Information Tools at Work
Authors: Furness Colin D. , Choo Chun Wei
Published: August 2021

Office work is increasingly collaborative in the 21st century. ‘Information culture' is a broad set of values and behavioural workplace norms pertaining to information management and use. To investigate whether information culture influences use of collaborative information tools, conceptualization and measurement instruments are presented for information culture and measuring effective use. ‘Group adoption' is a behavioural proxy for effective use, and ‘information sharing' and ‘proactive information use' were selected as behavioural proxies for information culture. In a study of an engineering firm, group adoption was correlated with actual use of an information tool and with two tool attitude measures. Group adoption was also correlated with both information culture measures. The findings here suggest new avenues of research into the broader applicability of group adoption, and the ways in which conceptualization and measurement of information culture may be further developed.
Mouse-Less Cursor Control for Quadriplegic and Autistic Patients Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Sharma Aman , Chaturvedi Saksham
Published: August 2021

Artificial intelligence is a field within computer science that attempts to simulate and build enhanced human intelligence into computers, mobiles, and various other machines. It can be termed as a powerful tool that has the capability to process huge sums of information with ease and assess patterns created over a period of time to give significant results or suggestions. It has garnered focus from almost every field from education to healthcare. Broadly, AI applications in healthcare include early detection and diagnosis, suggesting treatments, evaluating progress, medical history, and predicting outcomes. This chapter discussed AI, ASD, and what role AI currently plays in advancing autistic lives including detection, analysis, and treatment of ASD and how AI has been improving healthcare and the existing medical and technology aids available for autistic people. Current and future advancements are discussed and suggested in the direction of improving social abilities and reducing the communication and motor difficulties faced by people with ASD.
Akan Deities as Agents of Conflict Resolution Mechanism in Ghana
Authors: Tweneboah Seth
Published: August 2021

The chapter takes an integrative look at a largely neglected field of conflict resolution mechanism in Ghana: the extent to which belief in traditional deities both enhance and undercut justice delivery systems in society. It contends that through duabɔ (imprecation) there is an enduring influence of traditional deities as part of legal regulatory frameworks in society. The chapter, thus, uncovers the hidden resources of traditional deities as useful channels of conflict resolution. The chapter draws on proceedings from the Akan customary conflict resolution mechanism to demonstrate both the usefulness and challenges of traditional justice delivery method in contemporary Ghana and encourages the need for its modification to suit the needs of legal modernity. The chapter is the product of a qualitative analysis of empirical ethnographic material gathered from the everyday facts of Ghanaian religious communities and public domain.
Holding the Police to Account
Authors: Mugari Ishmael
Published: August 2021

Whilst there are various mechanisms to curb incidents of police abuse of power, legal control provides one of the most effective ways of enhancing police accountability. Though enforcement of the legal instruments may be a challenge, the mere presence of the legal instruments may provide a fertile ground for other accountability measures. This chapter, which is largely based on literature and documentary survey, explores the legal instruments of accountability in the Republic of Zimbabwe. The chapter specifically focuses on the Constitution and the Criminal Procedure and Evidence Act. The chapter begins by giving an overview of the international and regional legal framework before discussing the national legal framework for police accountability.
Practicing Circular Economy in India
Authors: Kapoor Namita , Jauhari Sangeeta , Maheshwari Deepti
Published: August 2021

Circularity concept is not just recycling. It is basically a system that is restorative in the industrial processes that treat waste as a resource. It implies that once a product reaches the end of life, attempts should be made to utilize them by creating a value out of it. The present study is an exploratory study that aims at exploring the lessons of circular economy, which India can share with others through the analysis of business models of companies for the three paradigms: reduce, reuse, and recycle. For understanding the take-make-dispose model to take-make-reduce model, the analysis of business model of El Rhino has been carried out. For take-make-recycle model, business model of Saahas Zero Waste and Goonj as unique business models displaying an outstanding effect of share-reuse-prolong model has been studied.
Green Consumerism in Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Ibrahim Fahmi , Abd Rahman Siti Wardah , Jefri Nurul Hafizah
Published: August 2021

The aim of this chapter is to analyze the relationship of the demographic and socio-psychological determinants on consumers' green purchase behaviours in Brunei Darussalam, with the application framework of the affect-behaviour-cognition (ABC) model. A total of 119 consumers from different backgrounds participated in this study, whereby 113 respondents participated in the online questionnaire, and the other six respondents were interviewed. It is discovered that consumers who are more environmentally conscious are not necessarily likely to purchase green products, but are actually involved in green behaviours. However, in the environmental aspects of awareness, concern, and knowledge, the other factors, monthly income and educational level, did not possess major significance. The product attributes such as price and availability of the green products played a significant role in consumer buying decisions which will lead to the value-action gap phenomenon. Moreover, this study discovered the government is needed to promote and encourage green purchase behaviours in Brunei Darussalam.
Technological Application to Managing a Municipal Urban Garden
Authors: Almeida Fernando , Miranda Nuno , Vieira Bruno
Published: August 2021

The implementation of urban gardens, which are increasingly appearing in cities, aims to respond actively to the growing demand for urban spaces for the installation of urban gardens, creating conditions for the practice of sustainable agriculture in an urban context. Through these initiatives, it is intended to ensure that the needs of the population are met and to maximize the benefits arising from the practice of urban agriculture, both for the environment and for people's quality of life. Technology is a facilitating element in the process of acquiring and maintaining these urban gardens. This chapter presents an app that can be used by farmers to manage the production of consumer goods in this space, providing information about the status of crops, products to be grown, and types of required maintenance. This app simplifies the production process and also increases the sustainability of agriculture activities considering the economic, social, and logistical dimensions.
Social, Environmental and Economic Impacts of Adopting Clean Energy Use
Authors: Razi Muhammad , Ali Yousaf
Published: August 2021

These days, the excessive industrialization, elevated levels of pollution, and the increased energy crisis has led nations towards the use of renewable energy sources. Through the use of renewable energy sources, global warming can also be decreased, which is currently the biggest environmental issue worldwide. Pakistan, being a developing country, relies on the use of fossil fuels for the generation of electricity. The alarming increase in population, energy consumption per capita and energy wastages lead to a shortfall. To resolve this crucial issue, the alternative solutions considered include the use of renewable sources of energy such as hydro, solar and wind. The use of these renewable energy sources is governed by various environmental, economic and social parameters. The influence of these parameters on the use of renewable energy sources is studied through the use of DEMATEL and revised DEMATEL techniques.
Implementation of an Integral Methodology for the Simulation of Renewable Energy Scenarios Applied to an Isolated Area
Authors: Peñalvo-López Elisa , Cárcel-Carrasco Francisco Javier , Pérez-Navarro Angel , Hurtado-Pérez Elias
Published: August 2021

This chapter provides an implementation of an integral methodology for the simulation of renewable energy scenarios applied to an isolated village situated in Democratic Republic of Congo. A specific area in Democratic Republic of Congo is selected as a case study in order to validate the methodology. In addition, this chapter includes the experimental validation of the HRES configuration, operating a scalable prototype in LabDER at UPV (Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain). Experimental tests conducted in the laboratory are described and main results and conclusions are discussed.
Control-Based Maximum Power Point Tracking for a Grid-Connected Hybrid Renewable Energy System Optimized by Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Ben Smida Mouna , Sakly Anis , Vaidyanathan Sundarapandian , Azar Ahmad Taher
Published: August 2021

There has been a great deal of interest in renewable energy sources for electricity generation, particularly for photovoltaic and wind generators. These energy resources have enormous potential and can meet the current global demand for energy. Despite the obvious advantages of renewable energy sources, they have significant disadvantages, such as the discontinuity of their generation, due to their heavy dependence on weather and climate change, which affects their effectiveness in the conversion of renewable energy. Faced with this conflict, it is essential to optimize the performance of renewable systems in order to increase their efficiency. Several unconventional approaches to optimization have been developed in the literature. In this chapter, the management of a hybrid renewable energy system is optimized by intelligent approach based on particle swarm optimization comprising a shaded photovoltaic generator and a wind generator.
Hydrogen Fuel Cells as Green Energy
Authors: Rajangam Padmavathi
Published: August 2021

To reduce reliance on fossil fuels and increase demands for clean energy technology worldwide, there is currently a growing interest in the use of fuel cells as energy-efficient and environmentally-friendly power generators. With this inevitable depletion, fossil fuels will not be able to respond to energy demand for future. Among all major types of fuel cells, hydrogen fuel cells (HFCs) are in the forefront stage and have gained substantial attention for vehicle and portable applications, which is composed of a cathode, an anode, and a PEM. The heart of the fuel cells is membrane electrode assembly (MEA). An electro-deposition technique for preparing the nano-catalyst layer in PEMFCs has been designed, which may enable an increase in the level of Pt utilization currently achieved in these systems. Functionalization process has been done using a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acid in refluxing condition. The hydrocarbon-based polymer membrane has been used as electrolyte part.
Artificial Bee Colony-Based Optimization of Hybrid Wind and Solar Renewable Energy System
Authors: Geleta Diriba Kajela , Manshahia Mukhdeep Singh
Published: August 2021

In this chapter, the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm was applied to optimize hybrids of wind and solar renewable energy system. The main objective of this research is to minimize the total annual cost of the system by determining appropriate numbers of wind turbine, solar panel, and batteries, so that the desired load can be economically and reliably satisfied based on the given constraints. ABC is a recently proposed meta heuristic algorithm which is inspired by the intelligent behavior of honey bees such as searching for food source and collection and processing of nectar. Instead of gradient and Hessian matrix information, ABC uses stochastic rules to escape local optima and find the global optimal solutions. The proposed methodology was applied to this hybrid system by the help of MATLAB code and the results were discussed. Additionally, it is shown that ABC can be efficiently solve the optimum sizing real-world problems with high convergence rate and reliability. The result was compared with the results of PSO.
Renewable Energy Based Economic Emission Load Dispatch Using Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Hazra Sunanda , Pal Tapas , Roy Provas Kumar
Published: August 2021

This article presents an integrated approach towards the economical operation of a hybrid system which consists of conventional thermal generators and renewable energy sources like windmills using a grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA). This is based on the social interaction nature of the grasshopper, considering a carbon tax on the emissions from the thermal unit and uncertainty in wind power availability. The Weibull distribution is used for nonlinearity of wind power availability. A standard system, containing six thermal units and two wind farms, is used for testing the dispatch model of three different loads. The GOA results are compared with those obtained using a recently developed quantum-inspired particle swarm optimization (QPSO) optimization technique available in the literature. The simulation results demonstrate the efficacy and ability of GOA over the QPSO algorithm in terms of convergence rate and minimum fitness value. Performance analysis under wind power integration and emission minimization further confirms the supremacy of the GOA algorithm.
Sizing and Placement of Battery-Sourced Solar Photovoltaic (B-SSPV) Plants in Distribution Networks
Authors: Ali Abid , Nor Nursyarizal Mohd , Ibrahim Taib , Romlie Mohd Fakhizan , Bingi Kishore
Published: August 2021

This chapter proposes a mixed-integer optimization using genetic algorithm (MIOGA) for determining the optimum sizes and placements of battery-sourced solar photovoltaic (B-SSPV) plants to reduce the total energy losses in distribution networks. Total energy loss index (TELI) is formulated as the main objective function and meanwhile bus voltage deviations and PV penetrations of B-SSPV plants are calculated. To deal the stochastic behavior of solar irradiance, 15 years of weather data is modeled by using beta probability density function (Beta-PDF). The proposed algorithm is applied on IEEE 33 bus and IEEE 69 bus test distribution networks and optimum results are acquired for different time varying voltage dependent load models. From the results, it is known that, compared to PV only, the integration of B-SSPV plants in the distribution networks resulted in higher penetration levels in distribution networks. The proposed algorithm was very effective in terms of determining the sizes of the PV plant and the battery storage, and for the charging and discharging of the battery storage.
The Implementation of Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (nZEB) in Spain
Authors: Peñalvo-López Elisa , Cárcel-Carrasco Javier , Valcuende-Paya Manuel , Carnero-Moya María Carmen
Published: August 2021

The construction segment is an important economic sector in Europe, representing 9% of European gross domestic product (GDP) and providing approximately 18 million direct jobs. Construction activities that include renovation work and energy retrofits add almost twice as much value as the construction of new buildings, and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) contribute more than 70% of the value added in the EU building sector. Furthermore, European legislation obliges member states to establish minimum energy efficiency requirements for buildings to achieve optimum levels of costs versus energy demand reduction. These requirements are reviewed every five years and represent categories of buildings based on their energy levels (demand and generation). This chapter analyzes the legislation associated to nearly zero energy buildings (nZEB) in Spain in order to identify the factors that will leverage their massive implementation.
Consumer Attitudes Towards Renewable Energy
Authors: Akkucuk Ulas
Published: August 2021

This chapter attempts to study the view of Turkish consumers towards various types of renewable energy production methods and to assess whether consumers will pay premium prices for different types of renewable sources. The chapter makes use of an online survey for data collection. 927 responses were collected in total during 2015. 92% of the respondents state that they believe in global warming. The results indicate that one-fourth of the consumers are not willing to pay anything extra if electricity is obtained from renewable sources. However, almost half thinks that they could pay 5% to 10% more. In terms of the importance placed by the consumers on different means of electricity generation by renewable sources, the highest importance is placed on solar energy, followed by wind, biomass, and hydroelectric. Policy makers in the public and private sectors can consider these results when making changes to the current energy generation and distribution infrastructure.
The Role of Banks in Renewable Energy Finance
Authors: Baştürk Meryem Filiz
Published: August 2021

In today's world, global warming and environmental problems resulting from fossil waste have directed economies' attention to renewable energy. Renewable energy has become quite important to developing countries, in particular those that depend on foreign energy sources and confront continuously increasing energy demand since they need renewable energy to be able to achieve their goal of sustainable growth and do this without destructing the environment and by reducing their foreign dependency. Higher costs of renewable energy investment when compared to traditional energy investment affect the investment made in this field, though. The fundamental problem in renewable energy investment is how to finance it as it is not economically rational to invest in sectors with high costs. This chapter explores the role of banks in financing renewable energy by focusing on Turkey.
Finding Influential Nodes in Sourceforge.net Using Social Network Analysis
Authors: Srinivasa K.G. , Deka Ganesh Chandra , P.M. Krishnaraj
Published: August 2021

The contribution of volunteers in the development of Free and Open Source Software in Sourceforge.net is studied in this paper. Using Social Network analysis, the small set of developers who can maximize the information flow in the network are discovered. The propagation of top developers across past three years are also studied. The four algorithms used to find top influential developers gives almost similar results. The movement of top developers over past years years was also consistent.
Trust in Open Source Software Development Communities
Authors: Sohal Amitpal Singh , Gupta Sunil Kumar , Singh Hardeep
Published: August 2021

This study presents the significance of trust for the formation of an Open Source Software Development (OSSD) community. OSSD has various challenges that must be overcome for its successful operation. First is the development of a community, which requires a healthy community formation environment. Taking into consideration various factors for community formation, a strong sense of TRUST among its members has been felt. Trust development is a slow process with various methods for building and maintaining it. OSSD is teamwork but the team is of unknowns and volunteers. Trust forms a pillar for effective cooperation, which leads to a reduction in conflicts and risks, associated with quality software development. This study offers an overview of various existing trust models, which aids in the development of a trust evaluation framework for OSSD communities. Towards the end of the study, various components of the trust evaluation along with an empirical framework for the same have been proposed.
Prospects of Open Source Software for Maximizing the User Expectations in Heterogeneous Network
Authors: Singh Pushpa , Agrawal Rajeev
Published: August 2021

This article focuses on the prospects of open source software and tools for maximizing the user expectations in heterogeneous networks. The open source software Python is used as a software tool in this research work for implementing machine learning technique for the categorization of the types of user in a heterogeneous network (HN). The KNN classifier available in Python defines the type of user category in real time to predict the available users in a particular category for maximizing profit for a business organization.
Challenges and Trends in Home Automation
Authors: Portalés Cristina , Casas Sergio , Kreuzer Kai
Published: August 2021

Home automation (HA) systems can be considered as an implementation of the internet of everything (IoE) where many devices are linked by intelligent connections in order to improve the quality of life at home. This chapter is dedicated to analyzing current trends and challenges in HA. Energy management, safer homes, and improved control over the house are some of the benefits of HA. However, privacy, security, social disruption, installation/maintenance issues, economic costs, market fragmentation, and low interoperability represent real problems of these IoE solutions. In this regard, the latest proposals in HA try to answer some of these needs with low-cost DIY solutions, wireless solutions, and IP-based HA systems. This chapter proposes a way to deal with the interoperability problem by means of the open-source platform openHAB. It is based on the concept of a home automation bus, an idea that enables the separation of the physical and the functional view of any device, allowing to create a technology-agnostic environment, which is perfect for addressing the interoperability problem.
Optimized Test Case Generation for Object Oriented Systems Using Weka Open Source Software
Authors: Singh Rajvir , Singhrova Anita , Bhatia Rajesh
Published: August 2021

Detection of fault proneness classes helps software testers to generate effective class level test cases. In this article, a novel technique is presented for an optimized test case generation for ant-1.7 open source software. Class level object oriented (OO) metrics are considered as effective means to find fault proneness classes. The open source software ant-1.7 is considered for the evaluation of proposed techniques as a case study. The proposed mathematical model is the first of its kind generated using Weka open source software to select effective OO metrics. Effective and ineffective OO metrics are identified using feature selection techniques for generating test cases to cover fault proneness classes. In this methodology, only effective metrics are considered for assigning weights to test paths. The results indicate that the proposed methodology is effective and efficient as the average fault exposition potential of generated test cases is 90.16% and test cases execution time saving is 45.11%.
Demography of Open Source Software Prediction Models and Techniques
Authors: Fatema Kaniz , Syeed M. M. Mahbubul , Hammouda Imed
Published: August 2021

Open source software (OSS) is currently a widely adopted approach to developing and distributing software. Many commercial companies are using OSS components as part of their product development. For instance, more than 58% of web servers are using an OSS web server, Apache. For effective adoption of OSS, fundamental knowledge of project development is needed. This often calls for reliable prediction models to simulate project evolution and to envision project future. These models provide help in supporting preventive maintenance and building quality software. This chapter reports on a systematic literature survey aimed at the identification and structuring of research that offers prediction models and techniques in analysing OSS projects. The study outcome provides insight into what constitutes the main contributions of the field, identifies gaps and opportunities, and distils several important future research directions. This chapter extends the authors' earlier journal article and offers the following improvements: broader study period, enhanced discussion, and synthesis of reported results.
Predicting Change Prone Classes in Open Source Software
Authors: Godara Deepa , Choudhary Amit , Singh Rakesh Kumar
Published: August 2021

In today's world, the heart of modern technology is software. In order to compete with pace of new technology, changes in software are inevitable. This article aims at the association between changes and object-oriented metrics using different versions of open source software. Change prediction models can detect the probability of change in a class earlier in the software life cycle which would result in better effort allocation, more rigorous testing and easier maintenance of any software. Earlier, researchers have used various techniques such as statistical methods for the prediction of change-prone classes. In this article, some new metrics such as execution time, frequency, run time information, popularity and class dependency are proposed which can help in prediction of change prone classes. For evaluating the performance of the prediction model, the authors used Sensitivity, Specificity, and ROC Curve. Higher values of AUC indicate the prediction model gives significant accurate results. The proposed metrics contribute to the accurate prediction of change-prone classes.