bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Progress Report on the Activities of the Independent Evaluation Office
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

Since October 2012, the Executive Board has discussed two IEO evaluation reports, International Reserves—IMF Concerns and Country Perspectives on December 7, 2012, and The Role of the IMF as Trusted Advisor on February 1, 2013. The Board also discussed the External Evaluation of the IEO on March 21, 2013. In addition, the IEO advanced work on the ongoing “Assessment of Self-Evaluation in the IMF,” which will go forward to the Executive Board in coming months. Following consultations on possible topics, the IEO has also initiated evaluations on IMF forecasting, country statistics, and the IMF’s response to the global financial crisis.
Provisional Agenda for the Twenty-Seventh Meeting of the International Monetary and Financial Committee
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

The following is the provisional agenda for the Twenty-Seventh Meeting of the International Monetary and Financial Committee, which is to be convened at the IMF's Headquarters in Washington, D.C. on April 20, 2013.
Stocktaking the Fund’s Engagement with Regional Financing Arrangements
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

Following the global financial crisis of 2008-09, regional financing arrangements (RFAs) have been recognized as an important layer of the global financial safety net. This paper summarizes the current landscape of RFAs, and discusses IMF-RFA coordination to date and options for enhancing cooperation going forward. In so doing, it intends to contribute to discussions underway at international fora and solicit views from the Fund and RFA memberships on how to enhance cooperation
Update on the Financing of the Fund’s Concessional Assistance and Debt Relief to Low-Income Member Countries
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

This paper reviews recent developments in the status of financing for the Fund’s concessional lending and debt relief. It presents the latest data available and projections whilst taking into account the pledges made thus far in response to the Managing Director’s fund-raising requests of August 2009 and February and November 2012. Additionally, following the Executive Board’s decision in September 2012, the PRGT’s self-sustained capacity is discussed in the context of longer-term projections of the demand for concessional lending.

Section II provides an overview of the Fund’s concessional lending instruments and the associated financing framework as well as the developments since the October 2012 Update. Section III reviews the sources of financing for PRGT operations and discusses developments in the PRGT framework. Section IV reviews the use of PRGT resources and assesses the Trust’s self-sustained capacity in light of the demand projections. Section V provides updates on the subsidization of emergency assistance, while Section VI presents the developments on the financing of debt relief under the HIPC, MDRI, and PCDR Trust. The paper concludes with a proposed decision completing the financing reviews of the PRG-HIPC and MDRI Trusts.
Eligibility to Use the Fund's Facilities for Concessinal Financing
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

During the 2012 Review of Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust (PRGT) Eligibility, Executive Directors expressed a number of concerns about the eligibility framework. The Board decided to bring forward the next review of eligibility by one year, to early 2013, in light of these concerns. In particular, Directors called for the review to assess:

Possible shortcomings of the gross national income (GNI) per capita criterion in the case of small states, and whether additional or alternative variables should be used to better capture members‘ circumstances, particularly those of small states; as well as further options to enhance the flexibility of the PRGT-eligibility framework to cover small and very small countries;

The application of the short-term vulnerabilities criterion for graduation, which can lead to repeated non-graduation of members that meet either the income or the market access criteria for graduation.
Caribbean Small States - Challenges of High Debt and Low Growth
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

This paper presents background on Caribbean small states as context for the main paper, “Macroeconomic Issues in Small States and Implications for Fund Engagement.” It draws on recent analytical work presented at a conference for policy makers in September 2012, in Trinidad and Tobago. Caribbean small states, while sharing many features of other small states (size-related macroeconomic vulnerabilities, lack of economies of scale, and capacity constraints) have specific characteristics which merit attention
Asia and Pacific Small States - Raising Potential Growth and Enhancing Resilience to Shocks
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

The small states of the Asia and Pacific region face unique challenges in raising their growth potential and living standards. These countries are particularly vulnerable because of their small populations, geographical isolation and dispersion, narrow export and production bases, lack of economies of scale, limited access to international capital markets, exposure to shocks (including climate change), and heavy reliance on aid. In providing public services, they face higher fixed government costs relative to other states because public services must be provided regardless of their small population size. Low access to credit by the private sector is an impediment to inclusive growth. Capacity constraints are another key challenge. The small states also face more limited policy tools. Five out of 13 countries do not have a central bank and the scope for diversifying their economies is narrow. Given their large development needs, fiscal policies have been, at times, pro-cyclical. Within the Asia-Pacific small states group, the micro states are subject to more vulnerability and macroeconomic volatility than the rest of the Asia-Pacific small states.
Macroeconomic Issues in Small States and Implications for Fund Engagement
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

This paper reviews the macroeconomic characteristics and performance of small states and discusses ways in which the Fund’s engagement with these countries could be better tailored to meet their needs. The Fund previously examined small states issues in 2000, informed by a Joint Task Force Report of the Commonwealth Secretariat (CS) and World Bank. Small states continue to face many of the same challenges they did then, and the 2000 Small States Report remains the foundation for much of the work in this area, both inside and outside the Fund. However, the relative macroeconomic performance of small states has deteriorated since the late 1990s, and a fresh look is warranted.
External Evaluation of the Independent Evaluation Office
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

We have been asked by the Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund to undertake an external review of the activities of its Independent Evaluation Office (IEO). This is the second such evaluation in the IEO’s twelve year history. The first review, led by Karin Lissakers (the “Lissakers Report”), was presented to the Board in 2006. That report considered the extent to which the Office had succeeded during its first five years of operation in fulfilling its mandates and made recommendations to enhance its role within the IMF’s institutional architecture. Our report thus focuses on IEO activities since 2006.

As set out in the terms of reference of our Panel (see Appendix I), the central objective of this report is to evaluate how well the IEO has met its institutional mandates. The terms of reference, while not constraining the range of issues we could consider, also asks that we “assess the IEO’s effectiveness along several dimensions, including: (i) the appropriateness of evaluation topics; (ii) the independence of the IEO; (iii) the cost-effectiveness of the IEO and its operations; and (iv) the appropriateness and adequacy of the evaluation process including, but not limited to, how IEO recommendations are endorsed by the Board and implemented.”
Reform of the Policy on Public Debt Limits in Fund-Supported Programs
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

The reform of the Fund’s policy on the use of conditionality on public external debt in Fund-supported programs (the “debt limits policy”) has been under discussion since March 2013. The discussion has taken place against a backdrop where lower income countries are seeking to boost growth through higher public investment levels, targeted in particular at large infrastructure gaps, while facing both a wider range of external financing opportunities and limits on the supply of traditional concessional financing. The reform of the Fund’s policy on debt conditionality in 2009 was a first step to accommodate these new realities: experience with the 2009 reforms has pointed to the need for more fundamental reforms to provide countries with greater flexibility to finance productive investments while containing risks to medium-term debt sustainability.

The reforms proposed here build on the Board review of the debt limits policy in March 2013, ensuing informal Board discussions in January and May 2014, discussions at an informal seminar in September 2014, and various stakeholder consultations. In developing this reform proposal, staff has sought to first specify a robust set of principles to guide the use of public debt conditionality in all Fund arrangements and then examine how these principles should apply in the specific circumstances of countries that normally rely on official external concessional financing.
A Macrofinancial Approach to Supervisory Standards Assessments
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

Standards assessments serve several important objectives but are not well integrated into Fund surveillance. Financial standards assessments, when undertaken in the context of FSAPs, are used to identify weaknesses in financial regulation and supervision, or other areas covered by international standards. However, those weaknesses are not specifically linked to the risks and vulnerabilities facing the financial sector. Conversely, the analysis of country-specific vulnerabilities in the FSAP does not contribute to targeting the standard assessment effort, since the assessment must be exhaustive and cover the entire standard.
Updated Guidance Note on the Fund’s Transparency Policy
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

This note provides guidance to staff on the implementation of the Fund’s Transparency Policy. The objectives of the policy include strengthening the Fund’s effectiveness by providing the public with access to Fund views and deliberations, thus informing public debate and building traction for the Fund’s advice, supporting the quality of surveillance and of programs, by subjecting the Fund to outside scrutiny, and enhancing the Fund’s legitimacy by making the institution more accountable. A Transparency Policy Decision (referred to in the remainder of this note as “the Decision”) sets out rules for the modification and publication of all Board documents.
FY2015-FY2017 Medium-Term Budget
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

The proposed FY 15–17 Medium-Term Budget (MTB) was formulated within the Fund’s strategic planning framework to align allocation of resources to the delivery of institutional priorities.
Revised Guidelines for Public Debt Management
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

The Guidelines for Public Debt Management (Guidelines) have been developed as part of a broader work program undertaken by the IMF and the World Bank to strengthen the international financial architecture, promote policies and practices that contribute to financial stability and transparency, and reduce countries’ external vulnerabilities.
In developing the Guidelines, IMF and World Bank staffs worked in close collaboration with debt management entities from a broad group of IMF-World Bank member countries and international institutions in a comprehensive outreach process. The debt managers’ insights, which this process brought to the Guidelines, have enabled the enunciation of broadly applicable principles, as well as institutional and operational foundations, that have relevance for members with a wide range of institutional structures and at different stages of development.
The revision of the Guidelines was requested by the G-20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors, at their meeting in Moscow, on February 15–16, 2013. Since their adoption in 2001, and amendments in 2003, financial sector regulatory changes and macroeconomic policy developments, especially in response to the recent financial crisis, have significantly affected the general financial landscape. As a consequence, many countries have experienced significant shifts in their debt portfolios, in terms of both size and composition. Accordingly, the Guidelines were reviewed and revised to reflect the evolving public debt management challenges over the last decade
Global Liquidity - Issues for Surveillance
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

The paper starts by presenting evidence of commonality in global financial conditions. This commonality is then related to specific drivers of global financial conditions through a range of transmission channels, including cross-border banking and portfolio flows. Empirical analysis shows a range of price and quantity factors, including measures of risk, bank leverage, and interest rates in financial centers, to drive in part these flows. Country specific policies, including exchange rate and prudential frameworks, are shown to affect the transmission of global conditions. Much remains unknown though, including how evolving structures of global funding, changing institutions, and ongoing financial innovations affect the mechanics of liquidity creation, the channels of liquidity transmission, and potential risks going forward.
Update on the Financing of the Fund's Concessional Assistance and Debt Relief to Low-Income Member Countries
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

This paper reviews recent developments in the financing of the Fund’s concessional lending and debt relief since the October 2014 Update. It presents the latest available data including the new commitments of loan resources to the PRGT and the sources of initial financing for the newly created CCR Trust, replacing the PCDR Trust. It also discusses the PRGT’s potential self sustaining capacity in the context of longer term projections of the demand for concessional lending and robustness to alternative scenarios.
Report of the Managing Director to the Board of Governors and to the Executive Board Pursuant to Article XVIII, Section 4©
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

This report is submitted pursuant the provisions of the Articles of Agreement relating to a general allocation or cancellation of Special Drawing Rights (SDR). The Articles provide for periodic consideration and decisions on SDR allocations or cancellations in the context of consecutive basic periods of normally five years of duration (Article XVIII, Section 2(a)). The Tenth Basic Period for a general allocation or cancellation of SDRs began on January 1, 2012 and is scheduled to end on December 31, 2016. The Eleventh Basic Period will commence on January 1, 2017.
List of IMF Member Countries with Delays in Completion of Article IV Consultations or Mandatory Financial Stability Assessments over 18 Months
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

In accordance with Executive Board Decision No. 15106-(12/21), the Fund will publish on its external website a list of member countries whose Article IV consultations or mandatory financial stability assessments have been delayed by more than 18 months, as of the date of publication, since the expected deadline for conclusion.
Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust--2017 Borrowing Agreements with the Bank of Italy
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: September 2019

On July 17, 2017, the Fund, as Trustee of the Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust (PRGT or Trust), entered into a new borrowing agreement (the “Agreement”) with the Bank of Italy (hereafter, Italy or Purchaser), by which Italy will provide new resources to the Extended Credit Facility Loan Account of the PRGT in the total amount of up to SDR 400 million
Republic of Congo
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Published: September 2019

The Republic of Congo was hit hard by the oil price shock and delayed fiscal adjustment, amidst governance challenges and unsustainable debt. While program negotiations were long and complex, the authorities made decisive progress in 2018 and early 2019 with decisive fiscal consolidation, and the implementation of a large package of structural reforms, including two rounds of prior actions to improve governance and transparency. In addition, financing assurances have been secured.
Iraq
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Published: September 2019

Selected Issues
Russian Federation
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Published: September 2019

In recent years, the authorities have put in place a sound macroeconomic policy framework that has reduced uncertainty and helped weather external shocks. The current macroeconomic policy mix combines moderately tight monetary policy with a broadly neutral fiscal stance. The medium-term growth outlook remains modest due to structural constraints and sanctions. The authorities have implemented some politically difficult measures in the past year (pension reform and a VAT increase) and have announced plans aimed at raising productivity growth, including higher public spending on infrastructure, health, and education. To significantly increase Russia’s long-term growth prospects and reduce stagnation risks, deeper efforts are needed to address the large footprint of the state, overbearing regulation, and governance and institutional weaknesses.
Rules and Regulations for the Investment Account
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Finance Dept.
Published: September 2019

Rules and Regulations for the Investment Account, which were adopted on January 23, 2013 and amended thereafter, were further amended on May 13, 2019 by the Executive Board of the IMF.
Localized TEC enhancements in the Southern Hemisphere
Authors: Edemskiy Ilya K.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The paper is dedicated to investigation of localized TEC (total electron content) enhancements (LTEs), particularly of LTE series, detected in the Southern Hemisphere using global ionospheric maps for different solar activity years (2014, 2015, 2018). It is shown that LTE intensity varies in dependence on solar flux and does not directly depend on interplanetary magnetic field orientation. The enhancements occur in a subsolar region and could be observed during a continuous series of days. The highest LTE occurrence rate is observed during period of local winter (April-September) for all analyzed years. The longest observed LTE series was detected during 2014 and lasted 80 days or 120 days if we exclude 2 daily gaps.
A Fundamental climate data record of SMMR, SSM/I, and SSMIS brightness temperatures
Authors: Fennig Karsten , Schröder Marc , Andersson Axel , Hollmann Rainer
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) of Microwave Imager Radiances from the Satellite Application Facility on Climate Monitoring (CM SAF) comprises inter-calibrated and homogenised brightness temperatures from the Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR), the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) and the Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder SSMIS radiometers. It covers the time period from October 1978 to December 2015 including all available data from the SMMR radiometer aboard Nimbus-7 and all SSM/I and SSMIS radiometers aboard the Defence Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) platforms. SMMR, SSM/I and SSMIS data are used for a variety of applications, such as analyses of the hydrological cycle, remote sensing of sea ice or as input into reanalysis projects. The improved homogenisation and inter-calibration procedure ensures the long term stability of the FCDR for climate related applications. All available raw data records from different sources have been reprocessed to a common standard, starting with the calibration of the raw Earth counts, to ensure a completely homogenised data record. The data processing accounts for several known issues with the instruments and corrects calibration anomalies due to along-scan inhomogeneity, moonlight intrusions, sunlight intrusions, and emissive reflector. Corrections for SMMR are limited because the SMMR raw data records were not available. Furthermore, the inter-calibration model incorporates a scene dependent inter-satellite bias correction and a non-linearity correction to the instrument calibration. The data files contain all available original sensor data (SMMR: Pathfinder Level 1b) and meta-data to provide a completely traceable climate data record. Inter-calibration and Earth incidence angle normalisation offsets are available as additional layers within the data files in order to keep this information transparent to the users. The data record is complemented with noise equivalent temperatures (NeΔT), quality flags, surface types, and Earth incidence angles. The FCDR together with its full documentation, including evaluation results, is freely available at: https://doi.org/10.5676/EUM_SAF_CM/FCDR_MWI/V003 (Fennig et al., 2017).
Global sensitivity analysis and adaptive stochastic sampling of a subsurface-flow model using active subspaces
Authors: Erdal Daniel , Cirpka Olaf A.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Integrated hydrological modeling of domains with complex subsurface features requires many highly uncertain parameters. Performing a global uncertainty analysis using an ensemble of model runs can help bring clarity as to which of these parameters really influence system behavior and for which high parameter uncertainty does not result in similarly high uncertainty of model predictions. However, already creating a sufficiently large ensemble of model simulation for the global sensitivity analysis can be challenging, as many combinations of model parameters can lead to unrealistic model behavior. In this work we use the method of active subspaces to perform a global sensitivity analysis. While building up the ensemble, we use the already-existing ensemble members to construct low-order meta-models based on the first two active-subspace dimensions. The meta-models are used to pre-determine whether a random parameter combination in the stochastic sampling is likely to result in unrealistic behavior so that such a parameter combination is excluded without running the computationally expensive full model. An important reason for choosing the active-subspace method is that both the activity score of the global sensitivity analysis and the meta-models can easily be understood and visualized. We test the approach on a subsurface-flow model including uncertain hydraulic parameters, uncertain boundary conditions and uncertain geological structure. We show that sufficiently detailed active subspaces exist for most observations of interest. The pre-selection by the meta-model significantly reduces the number of full-model runs that must be rejected due to unrealistic behavior. An essential but difficult part in active-subspace sampling using complex models is approximating the gradient of the simulated observation with respect to all parameters. We show that this can effectively and meaningfully be done with second-order polynomials.
Investigations of aerodynamic drag forces during structural blade testing using high fidelity fluid-structure interaction
Authors: Grinderslev Christian , Belloni Federico , Horcas Sergio González , Sørensen Niels N.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Aerodynamic loads on wind turbine blades that are tested for fatigue certifications, need to be known for planning and defining test loads beforehand. It is known that the aerodynamic forces, especially drag, are different for tests and operation, due to the entirely different flow conditions. In test facilities, a vibrating blade will move in and out of its own wake increasing the drag forces on the blade. This is not the case in operation. To study this special aerodynamic condition present during experimental tests, numerical simulations of a wind turbine blade during pull-release tests were conducted. High fidelity three dimensional computational fluid dynamics methods were used throughout the simulations. By this, the fluid mechanisms and their impact on the moving blade are clarified and through the coupling with a structural solver, the fluid-structure interaction is studied. Results are compared to actual measurements from experimental tests, verifying the approach. It is found that the blade experiences a high drag due to its motion towards its own whirling wake, resulting in an effective drag coefficient of approximately 5.3 for the 90 degree angle of attack. This large drag coefficient was implemented in a fatigue test load simulation, resulting in a significant decrease of moment along the blade, leading to less load applied than intended. The confinement from the test facility did not impact this specific test setup, but simulations with longer blades could possibly yield different conclusions. To the knowledge of the authors, this investigation including three dimensional effects, structural coupling and confinement is the first of its kind.
Um teste de quebra estrutural para a hipótese de deslocamento do centro dinâmico na indústria brasileira nos anos 1930
Authors: Segura Moraes Leonardo , Rodriguez Castelli Jonattan , Toshio Clemente Leonel
Published: September 2019

Este artigo busca oferecer evidências empíricas sobre a hipótese furtadiana de deslocamento do centro dinâmico na economia brasileira nos anos 1930, a qual entende a crise de 1929 como um fenômeno impactante sobre dinâmica econômica brasileira, especialmente a produção industrial. Para testar empiricamente esta hipótese, estimou-se um modelo de tendência pelo método de Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários para o índice do PIB industrial brasileiro entre 1900 e 1947 e foram testadas quebras estruturais por meio do teste Quandt-Andrews. Os resultados indicam quebra-estrutural em 1929, durante a Grande Depressão. Portanto, rejeitou-se a hipótese de que o padrão de crescimento do PIB industrial brasileiro entre 1900 e 1947 foi estável. Entende-se que este período foi um processo de transformações institucionais profundas na economia brasileira. A análise empírica foi corroborada pela revisão da literatura sobre mudanças institucionais e intencionalidade industrializante da política econômica
NEY MATOGROSSO ENTRE BUTLER E FOUCAULT: SOBRE SUJEITOS E SUBVERSÕES DE IDENTIDADES
Authors: Silveira Éderson Luís , Pereira Anísio Batista
Published: September 2019

As análises históricas da sexualidade que Michel Foucault realizou acerca dos modos como o sexo foi visto com o passar dos anos forneceram à Judith Butler a base para a formulação de gênero, sexo e sexualidade não como entidades fixas, mas vistas como construídas e reconstruídas ao longo dos anos em diferentes sociedades e contextos. O presente trabalho parte de análise documental de abordagem qualitativa e visa apreender diálogos e tensionamentos que lancem luzes aos estudos de gênero na atualidade. Para isso, haveremos aqui de nos debruçar sobre o excerto de uma entrevista com o artista Ney Matogrosso. Dessa forma, os autores aqui mobilizados com o intuito de trazer contribuições à discussão da produção de sujeitos pela exterioridade e acerca da (des)construção de identidades.
EXCLUSÃO DAS PESSOAS CEGAS: DA ELIMINAÇÃO NAS SOCIEDADES ANTIGAS À HOSTILIZAÇÃO NAS UNIVERSIDADES ATUAIS, O QUE MUDOU?
Authors: Colman Martins Simone De Fatima , Del Olmo Francisco Javier Calvo
Published: September 2019

O presente trabalho é resultado parcial de uma pesquisa de doutorado em andamento. A pesquisa visa investigar as crenças de avaliar as produções textuais manifestadas por estudantes cegos ou com baixa visão da APADEVI/PG(Associação de Pais e Amigos do Deficiente Visual em Ponta Grossa). Dos nove estudantes-participantes, cinco cursam uma graduação e quatro participaram dos vestibulares locais no ano de 2018, seis deles são cegos e três têm baixa visão. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa é qualitativa e os dados advêm de dois instrumentos: entrevistas de grupo focal e entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas. Neste artigo, apresentamos uma análise do processo histórico da pessoa cega destacando as experiências vivenciadas pelos estudantes, nos ambientes universitários. Como resultados observamos que o processo avaliativo acadêmico envolvendo alunos cegos/baixa visão é extremamente complexo, ele abrange necessariamente questões de respeito, aceitação e sensibilidade dos envolvidos, pressupõe também a administração de inúmeros confrontos. Os estudantes revelaram suas realizações quando cumprem as atividades exigidas e suas angústias quando são desmotivados com críticas negativas, apontados como incapazes, diferentes/inferiores ou tratados com indiferença.
FILHOS OUVINTES DE PAIS SURDOS: LINGUAGEM, IDENTIDADE(S) E ESCOLARIDADE
Authors: Streiechen Eliziane Manosso , Krause-Lemke Cibele , Cruz Gilmar De Carvalho
Published: September 2019

RESUMO: Desde a oficialização da Libras (BRASIL, 2002) e com o advento da inclusão dos alunos surdos nas salas de aula, a maioria dos estudos passou a focar o sujeito surdo, com ênfase na aquisição da linguagem, escolaridade entre outros aspectos biopsicossociais que permeiam essa população. No entanto, há segmentos envolvidos diretamente no contexto da surdez que quase não figuram nas pesquisas: os filhos ouvintes de pais surdos. Há muitos aspectos a serem desvendados sobre eles, visto que vivenciam situações cotidianas muito singulares. Neste artigo, abordam-se questões identitárias, linguísticas e escolares que, de alguma forma, trazem implicações para a vida desses sujeitos. Destaca-se que a maioria dos filhos ouvintes torna-se bilíngue e isso pode gerar certas dificuldades na aquisição da linguagem escrita. A maioria dos filhos torna-se ‘intérpretes’ de seus pais surdos. Alguns podem apresentar problemas emocionais, sociais, escolares e outros.
A EDUCAÇÃO COMO CUIDADO DE SI: PRÁTICAS DE LIBERDADE DOS CORPOS INFAMES
Authors: Franceschini Bruno , Fernandes Júnior Antônio
Published: September 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar quatro reportagens, retiradas de um portal brasileiro de notícias on-line, em que três travestis doutoras são entrevistadas e tratam de questões relacionadas à obtenção do referido título acadêmico. Dito isso, pretende-se discutir acerca das práticas do cuidado de si por meio da educação pelo sujeito travesti e analisar como, por meio dessas práticas, há a possibilidade de exercício de práticas de liberdade, em um movimento de resistência e transgressão à cisheteronormatividade, que normatiza e normaliza os corpos e as condutas dos sujeitos no que tange às suas práticas de sexualidade. Como arcabouço teórico, esta pesquisa está ancorada nos pressupostos teóricos do pensamento foucaultiano acerca da ética e estética de si e de Pennycook (1996) para a discussão sobre a Linguística Aplicada Transgressiva. Os resultados deste estudo indicam que a transgressão, no funcionamento das relações de poder, é um dos principais elementos para que seja possível o exercício de práticas de liberdade pela travesti e que o cuidado de si, nas práticas educacionais, também opera para que esse corpo resista e seja livre.
A ABORDAGEM DO DISCURSO CONSERVADOR SOBRE POLÍTICAS DE AÇÕES AFIRMATIVAS PARA NEGROS NAS UNIVERSIDADES POR UMA PERSPECTIVA DE ANÁLISE BAKHTINIANA
Authors: Morais de Quadros Daiane Franciele
Published: September 2019

O presente estudo aborda a temática do discurso conservador sobre políticas de ações afirmativas para negros nas universidades. O objetivo central deste artigo consiste em investigar quais são os principais tipos de discursos, na cosmovisão político ideológica conservadora, que são opositores às políticas de cotas nas universidades públicas brasileiras. Para tanto, o presente estudo se respalda na perspectiva teórica da Análise Dialógica do Discurso (ADD), no Círculo de Bakhtin, Todorov (1989), Bakhtin (2013; 2015; 2016) e Volóchinov (2017) buscando indícios de que não se pode pensar em língua, discursos e ideologias sem observar aspectos sociais, a sociedade e como a língua acaba se tornando instrumento e local de disputas pelo poder. A metodologia deste trabalho foi de cunho qualitativo, a qual demandou em uma busca e análise pautada na ADD e na compreensão sobre as principais características de mídias áudio visuais. A partir disso, trabalhei com a análise de dois vídeos de intelectuais conservadores que foram publicados pela rede social do YouTube. Como resultados constatei que as mídias áudio visuais são formas eficientes de documentação e propagação de discursos em nosso atual contexto tecnológico, bastante utilizados como comunicação social entre grupos, pessoas e quaisquer entidades não relacionadas à mídia televisiva.
The Bilingual Advantage in Thinking Critically: The Roles of Age of Onset and L2 Proficiency
Authors: Tarighat Samaneh , Rashtchi Mojgan , Khoii Roya
Published: September 2019

The bilingual advantage and its effect on executive function (EF) are among the major concerns of researchers in the field of bilingualism. Nevertheless, the bilingual effect on critical thinking has not yet received the attention it truly deserves. The present study aimed to investigate the bilingual effect on critical thinking disposition (CTD) and its relationship to age, age of onset (AoO), and L2 proficiency. An experimental design was adopted to study the impact of bilingualism on CTD. Correlational designs were then used to investigate the association between L2 proficiency and age of bilinguals with their CTD scores. The sample included 286 participants, consisting of 143 bilinguals, carefully matched with 143 monolinguals based on age and socioeconomic status. The bilinguals were then divided into two groups of early bilinguals (AoO = 10 years or less) and late bilinguals (AoO = 11 years or more). Their L2 proficiency and performance on the University of Florida Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory were measured and compared. The results indicate an advantage in CTD in favor of the bilinguals, with no significant difference between early and late bilinguals. A larger effect size was observed with an elevation in the age of the bilinguals. A positive association was found between L2 proficiency and the bilinguals’ CTD, with a weak correlation between education and CTD scores. The results are also compared with those of the bilingual effect on EF.
Bank Size and Financial Risk Exposure on Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya
Authors: Nelly Konya M. , Ambrose Jagongo , George Kosimbei
Published: September 2019

The performance of banks in Kenya has become a major concern for economics and policy makers due to the role of banks remaining central in financing economic activities. The study sought to establish the effect of bank size and financial risk exposure on financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The descriptive research design and a positivist approach were adopted. The Berger and Hannan approach was used to establish the relationship between bank size, financial risk exposure and the moderating effect of macroeconomic variable on the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. Various diagnostic tests were carried out and the study data structure was panel hence Stata was employed to determine the relationship between the variables. In conclusion, banks need to grow bank sizes where they enjoy both economies of scale and scope. The Kenyan Treasury should design policies that would increase the capital size, liquidity requirements and deposit insurance premiums; this may assist in enlarging the size of banks to a level where they are fairly equal with none having relative market power to drive the market. Areas of further research may include but not limited to considering other variables besides the financial risk exposure and bank size in determining their effect on the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The research may as well be done in the East African or African context. The further studies should seek to leverage on mixed research approaches that utilize both quantitative and qualitative research.
Um estudo preliminar sobre o uso de uma arquitetura deep learning para seleção de respostas no problema de recuperação de código-fonte
Authors: de Rezende Martins Marcelo , Gerosa Marco Aurélio
Published: September 2019

Dado uma questão e um conjunto de trechos de código-fonte, recuperação de código-fonte ou code retrieval busca encontrar o código que soluciona a dada questão. Este artigo apresenta um estudo preliminar sobre uma nova abordagem para o problema de recuperação de código-fonte, utilizando uma arquitetura deep learning de seleção de respostas. Apresentamos os resultados preliminares do modelo de redes neurais recorrentes bidirecionais (bi-LSTM) com redes neurais convolucionais (CNN) adaptado para o problema de recuperação de código-fonte. Após 20 execuções na amostra de teste, nosso modelo conseguiu atingir uma média MRR de 0,60 ± 0,02 e a medida top-1 o máximo de 51%.
4.0 Industry: understanding the impact of technological changes of the fourth industrial revolution on competitiveness in sandal factories of Cariri Region
Authors: Barreto Alana Vitória Rodrigues , Santos Antônio Wilson dos , Gomes Filho Antoniel dos Santos
Published: September 2019

New technologies are increasingly appearing to assist people in all areas. In the footwear industry it would not be different, where the industry 4.0 or fourth industrial revolution characterizes the current moment. This research examined how the managers of some sandal factories in the Cariri Region are realizing the changes and technological advances of industry 4.0 as a source of competitive advantage. A field research of a basic nature, with a qualitative and descriptive approach, where interviews were applied with the managers of sandal factories in the Region of Cariri, chosen for convenience and judgment of the researcher. The study is relevant due to the existence of great changes that have been taking place within the companies along with new technologies that are emerging, but it is not known how managers receive these changes and use them to benefit the company and in the search for a differential for competitive advantage in the market. At the end of the research it was possible to conclude that from the reality of each manager and company the way they receive and use the technologies of the fourth industrial revolution changes, and the lack of knowledge, structure, and money in the smaller companies makes the potential use competitive advantage is not so much taken advantage of.
Precificação e a relação com a margem de contribuição nas decisões gerenciais: um estudo de caso
Authors: Santos Tania Rodrigues dos , Meirelles Ivan Guimarães , Albuquerque Crislaine da Silva Souza , Paula Rafael Viana Barbosa de , Ribeiro Silvio Paula , Francisco André Luiz
Published: September 2019

Este artigo teve como objetivo geral evidenciar a formação do preço de venda dos itens produzidos pela panificadora. O estudo buscou elucidar a seguinte problemática: como a empresa define sua estratégia de formação de preço de venda? No caminho metodológico, a pesquisa enquadrou-se em relação à abordagem como qualitativa e quantitativa; em relação aos procedimentos com o estudo de caso e como técnicas de coletas de dados e análise, utilizou-se de: observação, entrevista e planilha eletrônica. Observou-se que, dentre os produtos de fabricação própria o produto com maior margem de contribuição, é o produto 2 (Biscoito ‘Chipinha’), e que o produto de menor margem de contribuição é o produto 9 (Chipa). O estudo também mostrou que o produto mais vendido é o produto 11 (pão francês). Conclui-se com o estudo que, como a empresa está ativa há 16 anos, considera-se que já conquistou seu espaço e tem um número de clientes consideráveis para que ela possa se manter, e isso nos permite apontar que, a margem de contribuição dos produtos da empresa é boa. No entanto, os preços praticados ficaram abaixo dos sugeridos pelo markup.
Produção de mudas de icozeiro (capparys yco) irrigadas com águas salinas e cobertura do substrato com fibra de coco
Authors: Freire José Lucínio de Oliveira , Dias Cícero Silva , Arruda Jandeilson Alves de , Nascimento Gislaine dos Santos
Published: September 2019

O icozeiro (Capparis yco) é uma planta endêmica do semiárido que ocorre na Caatinga do Nordeste brasileiro, desconhecida nas suas potencialidades e sua capacidade de propagação via seminal sob condições de restrições hídricas. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar os componentes de crescimento e a qualidade de mudas de icozeiro produzidas com águas salinas e uso de fibra de coco como cobertura morta. O experimento foi instalado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições, em arranjo fatorial 6 x 2, correspondente a seis níveis de condutividade elétrica da água aplicada (0,5; 2,5; 4,5; 6,5 8,5 e 10,5 dS m-1), no substrato sem e com cobertura morta. Foram avaliados o índice de velocidade de emergência, tempo médio de emergência, altura da planta, diâmetro caulinar, área foliar, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca da raiz, massa seca total e índice de qualidade de Dickson. A aplicação de água de alto teor salino afetou negativamente os atributos de crescimento altura das plantas, diâmetro caulinar, área foliar, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca das raízes e massa seca total das mudas de icozeiro. A cobertura com fibra de casca de coco inibiu o crescimento e reduziu a qualidade das mudas de icozeiro.  O uso da fibra de casca de coco como cobertura morta não é recomendado para produção de mudas de icozeiro.
“More with Less” in Higher Education in Mexico
Authors: Rodríguez Gómez Roberto , Maldonado-Maldonado Alma
Published: September 2019

This article analyzes the higher education agenda of the government of Andrés Manuel López Obrador in Mexico as a case of a neopopulist regime. The authors review the trajectory of the agenda, considering campaign promises, the budget projected for higher education during the first year of his presidency, the constitutional educational reform, and the first public policy actions. It reflects on the difficulty to conduct reforms under heavy financial constraints.
International Graduate Outcomes in the United Kingdom
Authors: Stern Vivienne
Published: September 2019

The United Kingdom’s International Education Strategy sets a target to attract 600,000 international students by 2030, an increase of 30 percent. With Brexit, there is a sharper awareness across government of the benefits that international students and graduates confer in economic terms and in long-term positive influence on perceptions of the United Kingdom itself. To reach this target, the country needs to offer opportunities for international graduates to remain in the United Kingdom and work for a period post graduation. It also needs to understand, and where possible improve upon, the strength of its offer to prospective international students.
China’s English-Language Journals in Human and Social Sciences
Authors: Li Mengyang , Yang Rui
Published: September 2019

Since the 2000s, China has been establishing English-language academic journals at a fast pace to further internationalize research. Reporting findings from an investigation on the current state of such journals in the humanities and social sciences, this article shows the great challenges that they face in the hierarchical global structure of knowledge production. Struggling between international ambition and local commitment, these journals try to balance realistic strategies to enhance international impact with orientation to Western research agendas and their long-term commitment to empowering Chinese researchers to become global.
World-Class Universities and Institutional Autonomy in China
Authors: Cohen Chelsea Blackburn
Published: September 2019

With the release of Scholars at Risk’s (SAR’s) Obstacles to Excellence: Academic Freedom and China’s Quest for World-Class Universities, institutional autonomy ascends to the fore. In China’s pursuit to transform its institutions into world-class universities, global rankings have offered metrics to purported advancement but too often lack consideration of academic freedom and institutional autonomy, permitting only a shrinking space for vital questions as China applies enormous effort to impose control while seeking the status of a world-class knowledge producer.
New Publications
Authors: Altbach Philip G.
Published: September 2019

No abstract
Blood Window, la sangre que renueva el cine fantástico latinoamericano
Authors: Garcia Massagué Mònica
Published: September 2019

La plataforma Blood Window, impulsada por el Instituto Nacional de Cine y Artes Audiovisuales (INCAA) de Argentina, es la viva muestra de cómo una política gubernamental puede dar un vuelco a una cinematografía, y no solo a la de un país, sino prácticamente a la de todo un continente.
The function of face gestures and head movements in spontaneous humorous communication
Authors: Buján Marta
Published: September 2019

This paper assesses the results of a multimodal analysis of humorous instances found in a collection of 14 interviews from The Late Show with Stephen Colbert. The interviews have been imported and annotated in ELAN for head movements and face expressions. Only the interviewees’ remarks are studied in order to ensure the analysis of spontaneous speech, avoiding mostly pre-scripted host’s comments and questions. The results demonstrate that there are no gestures consistently and recurrently paired with humour. Therefore, none of the multimodal cues found in the sample can be considered markers of humour. Furthermore, the functions of gestures identified are consistent with the uses reported in previous multimodal studies of humorous and non-humorous communication found in the literature.