bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Empowerment of Community with the Application of Compost on the Cultivation and Post-Harvest of Onion
Authors: Warnita Warnita , Rozen Nalwida , Nazir Novizar
Published: March 2020

Kenagarian (West Sumatra traditional village) Andaleh is located at the base of Mount Marapi in Batipuh Tanah Datar District, West Sumatra. The main livelihoods of the population are farming by planting rice, vegetable crops, ornamental plants, and cinnamon. In general, farmers in this location increase the yield of vegetables (onion) using artificial fertilizers. Sometimes it requires limited chemical fertilizer, difficult to obtain and expensive. Of course, this will burden farmers in the production of onion is a daily necessity of the community. At this location, there are many titonia plants and agricultural waste. The solution given is agricultural waste and plant processing into compost. Compost can increase growth and yield of onion bulbs. The objectives to be achieved in Community Service and Empowerment Program (KKN-PPM) activities are 1) Making compost using straw and agricultural waste and its application as organic fertilizer when mapping the red plotters, 2) Applying agricultural waste compost in the cultivation of onion 3) Processing the onion bulbs into the fried onion. The methods applied were debriefing students, counseling, training and demonstration plots with farmers. Activities that have been carried out are counseling about good onion cultivation, counseling about the benefits of organic fertilizer (compost) to 1) improve soil improvement and sources of nutrients for plants. 2) training to make compost from straw and agricultural waste using Effective Microorganism EM-4, 3) supporting compost application in onion cultivation in farmers' fields and 4) processing of fried onion.
Penerapan Hukum Terhadapan Tindakan Building Pad Headphone ditinjauh dari Kekayaan Intelektual
Authors: Pangarso Iwan Sandi
Published: March 2020

The development of science and technology to date has spread throughout the world in a current called globalization. With globalization it has an influence on increasingly advanced lives, with the existence of information and communication products. Information technology in its fulfillment of people's needs has undergone many changes from analog to digital as it is today. One of the most important elements in the journey of every civilization is technological progress, especially communication technology. It is inconceivable how communication technology has changed human life, especially what is called a cellphone (cellphone). Almost everyone now has and uses mobile phones in communication activities. Likewise with telecommunication equipment for mobile phones (mobile phones), it has developed so rapidly from being only used for telephones and sending text or text messages, to those that can be used to listen to music, radio, for the internet, watch television, and so on. Today, people have considered it mandatory to have telecommunications equipment for mobile phones (cellphones) so that it is natural for someone to have more than one handphone. Likewise, cellular telephone operators in Indonesia continue to compete to provide the best service for their users.
SISTEM PENJUALAN ONLINE AIR MINUM ISI ULANG BERBASIS MOBILE
Authors: Febriyanda Septa , Hidayat Taufik , Susandi Diki
Published: March 2020

Abstrak -  Penjualan online atau e-commerce merupakan mekanisme bisnis tersendiri yang sudah cukup dikenal luas. Mekanisme bisnis ini memberikan kesempatan kepada seluruh manusia di muka bumi untuk sama-sama berhasil dalam bisnis di dunia maya. CV. Tirta Lestari merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bisnis penjualan air minum is ulang. Bisnis yang dilakukan selama ini masih belum memanfaatkan mekanisme penjualan online yang berakibat banyaknya biaya yang dikeluarkan dalam melakukan promosi penjualan kepada konsumen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang dan membangun aplikasi penjualan air minum isi ulang berbasis mobile yang terhubung langsung ke website secara lengkap dengan informasi air minum beserta harga dan cara pembeliannya sehingga dapat mempermudah konsumen mencari produk air minum isi ulang dan membantu perusahaan dalam melakukan penjualan air minum isi ulang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pengembangan waterfall yang meliputi komunikasi perencanaan, pemodelan, konstruksi, dan deployment. Pemodelan sistem dibuat dengan menggunakan pemodelan UML. Hasil yang dicapai berupa penerapan suatu aplikasi untuk smartphone android yang dapat mencari produk air minum, serta memberikan informasi-informasi yang dibutuhkan untuk pemesanan produk air minum isi ulang. Kata Kunci— Penjualan Online, Android, UML, Waterfall, Air Minum.
Количественное определение суммы флавоноидов в плодах боярышника кроваво-красного
Authors: Куркин Владимир Александрович , Правдивцева Ольга Евгеньевна , Шайхутдинов Ильнур Хясяинович , Куркина Анна Владимировна , Волкова Надежда Александровна
Published: March 2020

Разработана методика количественного определения суммы флавоноидов в пересчете на катехин в плодах боярышника кроваво-красного (Crataegus sanguinea Pall., сем. Розоцветные — Rosaceae) методом прямой спектрофотометрии при длине волны 282 нм, которая позволяет определять целевые вещества, представляющие собой восстановленные формы флавоноидов — катехины. Ошибка единичного определения суммы флавоноидов в плодах боярышника кроваво-красного с доверительной вероятностью 95 % составляет ± 2,52 %. Содержание суммы флавоноидов в пересчете на катехин в плодах боярышника варьирует от (2,82 ± 0,07) % до (7,05 ± 0,18) %.
Окисление замещенных толуолов азотной кислотой
Authors: Казаков П. В. , Гореленко С. В. , Деревягина И. Д. , Лукашов О. И. , Мирзабекова Наталья Сергеевна
Published: March 2020

Изучено окисление толуолов с электроотрицательными заместителями в бензольном кольце азотной кислотой при атмосферном давлении. Разработан способ, позволяющий получать соответствующие бензойные кислоты с высокими выходами при минимальном количестве отходов. Способ может быть реализован как в лабораторной практике, так и на производстве получения лекарственных препаратов.
Физико-химические и биологические свойства наноструктурированного ИК-фотосенсибилизатора на основе дипропоксибактериопурпуринимида
Authors: Сапельников Максим Дмитриевич , Никольская Елена Дмитриевна , Морозова Наталья Борисовна , Плотникова Екатерина Александровна , Панкратов Андрей Александрович , Ефременко Анастасия Владимировна , Панов Алексей Валерьевич , Грин Михаил Александрович , Якубовская Раиса Ивановна
Published: March 2020

Описан процесс оптимизации технологии получения наночастиц на основе сополимера молочной и гликолевой кислот (PLGA), содержащих дипропоксибактериопурпуринимид (DPBPI) и предназначенных для фотодинамической терапии злокачественных новообразований различного генеза. Предложен подход к снижению среднего диаметра получаемых наночастиц. Получен образец наночастиц DPBPI-PLGA со средним диаметром (142,3 ± 2,7) нм; ξ-потенциалом – (17,1 ± 3,42) мВ; индексом полидисперсности 0,095; общее содержание DPBPI в частицах DPBPI-PLGA — 17,4 мг/г. Осуществлена наработка наночастиц DPBPI-PLGA для биологических исследований. В экспериментах in vitro на клетках А549 изучено внутриклеточное распределение DPBPI в составе наночастиц DPBPI-PLGA. Также изучена кинетика накопления DPBPI в клетках и кинетика его элиминации. Показан высокий уровень фотоиндуцированной цитотоксичности DPBPI-PLGA в экспериментах in vitro. В экспериментах in vivo на модели саркомы мягких тканей мыши S37 показана противоопухолевая активность наночастиц DPBPI-PLGA.
Синтез и противосудорожная активность новых 2-(4-оксо-2-тиоксо-1H-хиназолин-3-ил)ацетамидов
Authors: Бунятян Наталья Дмитриевна , Северина А. И. , Мохамад Ель Кайал Вассим , Залевский C. В. , Штрыголь С. Ю. , Шарк Амжад Абу , Цывунин В. В. , Компанцев Д. В. , Шевченко А. М. , Коваленко С. Н. , Георгиянц В. А. , Огай М. А. , Хаджиева З. Д.
Published: March 2020

С целью поиска новых противосудорожных субстанций синтезирован ряд 2-(4-оксо-2-тиоксо-1H-хиназолин-3-ил)ацетамидов взаимодействием 4-оксо-2-тиоксо-1,4-дигидрохиназолин-3(2H)-ил)уксусной кислоты с соответствующими аминами в присутствии N,N’-карбонилдиимидазола. На модели пентилентетразоловых судорог у мышей исследуемые вещества показали слабый и умеренный противосудорожный эффект. Обсуждены некоторые закономерности «структура — активность».
Антимикробная активность нитрофурала в различных лекарственных формах
Authors: Кашликова Ирина Михайловна , Беляцкая Анастасия Владимировна , Краснюк (мл.) Иван Иванович , Краснюк Иван Иванович , Воропаева Елена Александровна , Егорова Екатерина Александровна , Степанова Ольга Ивановна , Воробьев Александр Николаевич
Published: March 2020

Проведена сравнительная оценка антимикробной активности препаратов нитрофурала методом диффузии в агар. Определены зоны задержки роста микроорганизмов под действием гелей и растворов, содержащих твердую дисперсию нитрофурала с концентрацией действующего вещества 0,02 и 0,04 %, а также фурацилиновой мази 0,2 %. В качестве тест-штаммов использовали: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis и Escherichia coli. На основании полученных экспериментальных данных сделан вывод о более высокой антимикробной активности препаратов, содержащих твердую дисперсию нитрофурала, по сравнению с препаратами, представленными на фармацевтическом рынке.
Разработка и валидация методики определения лидокаина гидрохлорида и мирамистина в инновационном лекарственном средстве гель ранозаживляющий
Authors: Бркич Лилиана Любановна , Маркин Павел Александрович , Москалева Н. Е. , Пятигорская Наталья Валерьевна , Бркич Галина Эдуардовна , Панов Алексей Валерьевич , Грин М. А.
Published: March 2020

Представлена методика количественного определения лидокаина и мирамистина при совместном присутствии в геле ранозаживляющем при помощи метода ВЭЖХ с УФ-детектированием. Методика валидирована по показателям специфичности, линейности, правильности и прецизионности. Диапазон линейности для лидокаина гидрохлорида составляет от 0,08 до 0,12 мг/мл, для мирамистина — от 0,04 до 0,06 мг/мл. Коэффициент корреляции линейной зависимости составляет 0,9992 и 0,9996 для лидокаина гидрохлорида и мирамистина, соответственно. Методика может быть использована для оценки количественного содержания лидокаина и мирамистина в комбинированных лекарственных средствах.
Разработка и валидация методики количественного определения действующего вещества в субстанции фенилсалицилата методом газожидкостной хроматографии
Authors: Куприянова Ольга В. , Милюков Василий А. , Шевырин Вадим А. , Садыкова Разия Г. , Мустафин Руслан И.
Published: March 2020

Целью исследования являлась разработка и валидация новой методики количественного определения действующего вещества в субстанции фенилсалицилата методом газожидкостной хроматографии с пламенно-ионизационным детектированием (ГХ/ПИД). Исследования выполнены на капиллярной кварцевой колонке HP-5 с химически привитой фазой: 5 % дифенил, 95 % диметилполисилоксан («Agilent Technologies» США), разработаны условия хроматографического разделения. Определены параметры пригодности хроматографической системы. Содержание фенилсалицилата в субстанции определяли по методу внутреннего стандарта. Валидационную оценку методики проводили по показателям: специфичность, линейность, прецизионность, устойчивость (робастность). Установлено ее соответствие основным критериям приемлемости.
Разработка и валидация методики подтверждения подлинности модифицированных липополисахаридов энтеробактерий Shigella flexneri подтипов 1b, 2a, 3a, 6, Y методом ЯМР 13C спектроскопии
Authors: Кузьмина Наталия Евгеньевна , Моисеев Сергей Владимирович , Лутцева Анна Ивановна
Published: March 2020

Клинически применимые липополисахариды (ЛПС) Shigella flexneri, в состав липида А которых входит не более 3 остатков высших жирных кислот, являются перспективными кандидатами для создания вакцин против дизентерии Флекснера. В литературе практически отсутствуют данные по исследованию модифицированных ЛПС методом ЯМР. Большинство публикаций в этой области посвящено изучению структуры полисахаридного фрагмента нативных ЛПС — О-специфического полисахарида (ОПС), который может быть выделен после мягкого гидролиза ЛПС и отделения остатка липида А. Статья посвящена разработке методики подтверждения подлинности модифицированных ЛПС — компонентов полисахаридных вакцин методом ЯМР: выявлению характеристических сигналов в спектрах 13C в области аномерных атомов углерода и определению доверительных интервалов их химических сдвигов. Показана специфичность методики в отношении модифицированных ЛПС S. flexneri подтипов 1b, 2а, 3a, Y, 6.
Идентификация и одновременное определение четвертичных аммониевых соединений с другими действующими веществами в лекарственных препаратах методом жидкостной хроматомасс-спектрометрии
Authors: Амелин Василий Григорьевич , Большаков Дмитрий Сергеевич
Published: March 2020

Рассмотрена возможность применения метода ультравысокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографиии в сочетании с времяпролетной масс-спектрометрией высокого разрешения для идентификации и одновременного определения четвертичных аммониевых соединений и других действующих веществ (грамицидина С, тиротрицина, бензокаина, оксибупрокаина, фенотерола) в составе различных лекарственных препаратов. Идентификация проведена по временам удерживания аналитов, точным массам ионов и по совпадению картины изотопного распределения mSigma. Пределы обнаружения и пределы определения составили 0,01 – 0,05 и 0,05 – 0,1 нг/мл (нг/г) соответственно для всех рассматриваемых соединений. Диапазоны определяемых содержаний — 0,01(0,05) – 100 нг/мл (нг/г). Методика проверена на реальных препаратах. Относительное стандартное отклонение результатов анализа не превышало 0,1.
Differentiation and Interrelations of Two Representatives of Laudakia stellio Complex (Reptilia: Agamidae) in Israel
Authors: Panov Evgenyi N. , Zykova Larissa Yu.
Published: March 2020

Field studies were conducted in Central Negev within the breeding range of Laudakia stellio brachydactyla and in NE Israel (Qyriat Shemona) in the range of an unnamed form (tentatively “Near-East Rock Agama”), during March – May 1996. Additional data have been collected in Jerusalem at a distance of ca. 110 km from the first and about 170 km from the second study sites. A total of 63 individuals were caught and examined. The animals were marked and their subsequent movements were followed. Social and signal behavior of both forms were described and compared. Lizards from Negev and Qyriat Shemona differ from each other sharply in external morphology, habitat preference, population structure, and behavior. The differences obviously exceed the subspecies level. At the same time, the lizards from Jerusalem tend to be intermediate morphologically between those from both above-named localities, which permits admitting the existence of a limited gene flow between lizard populations of Negev and northern Israel. The lizards from NE Israel apparently do not belong to the nominate subspecies of L. stellio and should be regarded as one more subspecies within the species.
Allozyme Variation and Population Substructuring in the Caucasian Ground Lizards Lacerta derjugini and Lacerta praticola
Authors: MacCulloch Ross D. , Darevsky Ilya S. , Murphy Robert W. , Fu Jinzhong
Published: March 2020

Genetic diversity at 35 allozyme loci was surveyed in Lacerta derjugini (3 populations) and L. praticola (2 populations). Indices of variability were consistent with those found in other Caucasian Lacerta. There was little genetic substructuring between two populations of L. praticola despite considerable geographic separation. Conversely, populations of L. derjugini in close proximity to one another exhibited considerable substructuring.
A Varanid Lizard (Squamata: Varanidae) from the Early Eocene of Kirghizia
Authors: Averianov Alexander O. , Danilov Igor G.
Published: March 2020

Three vertebrae of a large varanid lizard from the early Eocene Andarak 2 locality in Kirghizia are described. The sacral and proximal postsacral vertebrae are each characterized by a short dorso-ventrally deep centrum and a neural arch lacking the neural spine. The material is assigned to ?Saniwa sp., probably representing a new taxon of Varanidae.
The Origin of the Bony Shell of Turtles as a Unique Evolutionary Model in Reptiles
Authors: Cherepanov Gennady O.
Published: March 2020

Generally, the bony armor of reptiles consists of separate osteoderms which develop in the dermis independently from the internal skeleton. Such a dermal armor is characteristic of ancient pareiasaurs that are closely related to Testudines. On the basis of this fact it has been assumed that the turtle shell is built up as the fusion of the osteoderms with some elements of the internal skeleton. However, this concept is not confirmed by morphogenetic data. During turtle ontogeny the reduction of the trunk myomeres leads to sinking of the vertebrae and ribs into the dermis. The neural and costal plates of the dorsal disk form as the outgrowths of these endoskeletal bones on inside the dermis. There are no independent superficial ossicles over the general plastral bony primordia in the ventral region of the body. Each plastral plate develops only from a single primordium like the clavicles, interclavicle and gastralia of other reptiles. Most likely, Testudines progressed in a unique evolutionary direction. Their bony shell is mainly the result of modification and consolidation of internal skeletal elements. The real osteoderms develop only on the body margins as connections between the dorsal and the ventral discs.
Effects of Predation and Trophic Conditions on the Reproduction of Tylototriton verrucosus (Caudata: Salamandridae) in Darjeeling
Authors: Dasgupta Ritwik
Published: March 2020

The facts that small hatchlings emerged from small eggs laid under high predation levels prevailing at the lower altitudes of distribution of this species in Darjeeling while larger hatchlings emerged from larger eggs laid under lower levels of predation at higher altitudes, show that predation is not selected for large egg and initial hatchling size in this salamandrid species. Metamorphic size was small under high predation rates because this species relied on crypsis for evading predators. Egg and hatchling size are related inversely to levels of primary productivity and zooplankton abundance in lentic habitats. Hatchling sizes are related positively to egg size and size frequency distribution of zooplankton. Small egg and small hatchling size have been selected for at the lower altitudes of distribution of this salamandrid in Darjeeling because predation rates increased in step with improvement in trophic conditions at the lower altitudes.
About Exact Borders of the Colchis Biogeographical Province
Authors: Tuniyev Boris S.
Published: March 2020

The problem of the definition of exact boundaries of the Colchian biogeographical Province is discussed. It is noted the disagreement between Colchian Biochore and Colchis in physiography mean.
Different Forms of Melanism and Its Development with Age in the Populations of Steppe Viper Vipera renardi (Christoph, 1861)
Authors: Ostrovskikh Sergey V.
Published: March 2020

Melanistic coloration has been observed in the populations of Vipera renardi in Krasnodar Region. Various forms of melanistic pattern of coloration and its development with age are analyzed.
Caucasian Viper: Husbandry and Reproduction in Captivity
Authors: Mamet Sergei V. , Kudryavtsev Sergei V.
Published: March 2020

A report of successful breeding in captivity rare Caucasian Viper (Vipera kaznakovi Nikolsky, 1909) at Moscow Zoo is presented, including notes on general husbandry.
Notes on the Reproductive Biology of Rare Asian Ratsnake Elaphe persica
Authors: Mamet Sergei V. , Kudryavtsev Sergei V.
Published: March 2020

Results of a long-term project involving captive reproduction of Elaphe persica are presented, complete with measurements of the youngs.
A New Species of Eremias (Sauria: Lacertidae) from Fars Province, South-Central Iran
Authors: Rastegar-Pouyani Nasrullah , Nilson Göran
Published: March 2020

A new species of the lacertid genus and subgenus Eremias is described based on material collected by the senior author from 150 km northeast of Shiraz, Fars province, south-central Iran at about 1800 m elevation. It differs from all other Iranian species of the typical subgenus (E. persica, E. strauchi, E. velox, and E. lalezharica) in that it has a very distinctive and unique color pattern, unmistakable in this character: the wide dorsolateral stripe is uniformly black without light spots and there is no ocelli on the upper surface of limbs; the third pair of submaxillary shields are separated by 4 granular scales; and the tympanic shield is rudimentary and almost absent. The new species is sympatric with Eremias persica and apparently restricted in distribution to the steppes and open plains in the northern regions of Fars province, south-central Iran.
PELAKSANAAN PENDAFTARAN TANAH ULAYAT KAUM MELALUI PROGRAM PENDAFTARAN TANAH SISTEMATIS LENGKAP DI KECAMATAN BUNGUS TELUK KABUNG
Authors: Feronika Feronika , Fendri Azmi , Mirwati Yulia
Published: March 2020

Ulayat land is a land that is acquired from generation to generation whose control and utilization are regulated by the Mamak Waris Head. This is all obtained without correspondence or in Writing, only by knowing the boundaries naturally with someone else's land. In Padang City, especially in Bungus Teluk Kabung Subdistrict, most of the existing property is customary land. Ulayat land is used for the benefit of its people. The government is obliged to hold land registration in the entire territory of the Republic of Indonesia. One of the methods adopted by the Ministry of Agrarian and Spatial Planning / National Land Agency is through the Complete Systematic Land Registration Implementation Acceleration program as stipulated in the Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian and Spatial Planning / Head of the Republic of Indonesia National Land Agency Number 12 of 2017 concerning Acceleration of Complete Systematic Land Registration , which was carried out in Bungus Teluk Kabung Subdistrict which had a target of 1,100 fields. The formulation of the problem in this Writing is 1. How is the implementation of community ulayat land registration through the Complete Systematic Land Registration program in Bungus Subdistrict Teluk Kabung. 2. What obstacles were encountered in the implementation of the record of communal ulayat land through the Complete Systematic Land Registration program in Bungus Subdistrict Teluk Kabung. And in this Writing, the author uses a sociological juridical approach. Based on the research conducted by the author, the implementation of the registration of ulayat land of the people through the Complete Systematic Land Registration Program in Bungus District Teluk Kabung. It is challenging to implement and does not achieve this target because there are some obstacles in the implementation of the ulayat land registration of the people so that the ulayat land of the community cannot be registered with the Land Office. Constraints arise include subject, namely whose name certificate recorded in the name of the Mamak Chief Heir, on behalf of one member of the community or in the name of Mamak the Head of Waris along with members of the city because in most fields many register on behalf of one member the people without being noticed by Mamak To Waris and other members of the people. Another obstacle is the absence of the Mamak Waris Head and Kerapatan Adat Nagari in the land registration process.
KEMERDEKAAN MENYAMPAIKAN PENDAPAT DIMUKA UMUM SEBAGAI MAKAR MENURUT KUHP
Authors: Fauzie Fanny
Published: March 2020

KUHP (Penal Code Of Indonesia) is a positive Indonesian criminal law regulation which in its history, came from the Wetboek van Strafrecht voor Nederlandsch Indie (WvSNI) which contains about the crimes against the security of the state as regulated in the sub first chapter of the KUHP itself. Van Toelichting’s Memorie mentioned that treason is a translation of the Aanslag, which, if paired into English, can be interpreted as an attempt or attack. According to 87th Article of the Criminal Code, if treason has commenced according to Article 53th of the Criminal Code (Trial), on the other hand, there is a The1945 Constitution which is a Grundnorm that guarantees the freedom to express opinions that publicly as in 28th E Article, 3rd paragraph. And also, regulated explicitly in 39th Law Number, the year 1999 about expressing opinions in public, so if referring to treason as an experiment as Article 53 of the Criminal Code, it would prevent anyone from criticizing by communicating and issuing opinions. If the notice was addressed to the government by saying the current government is not good and must be replaced, the presence of the 87th Article about the Criminal Code certainly experiments intention. And the crimes against state security are also referred to as political offenses, to determine the suspects in this political offense, an in-depth study must be carried out, so this is the reason why the writing is carried out. The typology of the research used is the normative juridical (doctrinal) library method. So in this study, we can see whether it is appropriate if the criminal offense of this treason can be applied as the 87th Article about Criminal Code without interpreting the betrayal as an aanslag or attempt or an attack connected to the existence of Guarantees in Delivering Opinions.
PEMBERDAYAAN NILAI-NILAI MASYARAKAT LOKAL SEBAGAI MODAL PEMBANGUNAN DEMOKRASI
Authors: Miswardi Miswardi
Published: March 2020

The demand for a democratic system of government in Indonesia is not only the demands of society but also constitutional demands. Therefore, regional autonomy is expected to be able to provide answers to both needs. Because the essence of local independence itself is a tangible form of the practice of democracy in society, in the way of giving autonomy to the region to advance its society democratically in various aspects of life, politics, social economy and culture, to answer the challenges in the era of globalization. Community involvement by empowering local community values is one surefire strategy in the process of democratization. Besides, bureaucratic reform is a necessity; therefore, a combination of allowing the benefits of local communities with the government bureaucracy system is an appropriate strategy for accelerating democratic development.
Multiple response optimization to determine the suitable solvent for the extract production from defatted grape seed powder: A simplex lattice mixture design approach
Authors: KARAMAN Kevser
Published: March 2020

In this study, effects of different solvents (ethanol, methanol and water) on bioactive performance of defatted grape seed powder (GSP) were investigated using simplex lattice mixture design approach. Also, multiple response optimization process was applied to determine the best solvent type for the high bioactive GSP extract production. For this purpose, the bioactive compound concentrations and their antioxidant and antiradical properties were characterized and the effect of solvent type on the processing variables was modelled. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of GSP ranged between 0.31-7.29 mg GAE/g and 44.3-537.4 mg CE/kg sample. In addition to that, DPPH and ABTS.+ radical scavenging activity of the samples were in the range of 2.11-80.5% and 0.31-4.08 μg Trolox/ g sample. The effect of solvent type showed a significant effect on all studied bioactive parameters and the best solvent mixture was determined as ethanol (33.84%), methanol (20.17%) and water (45.99%) by the considering the all studied parameters.
Determination of the factors affecting utilization rate of Eastern Anatolian semiarid public rangelands in Turkey
Authors: KARA Abdurrahman
Published: March 2020

Rangelands are important natural resources for the nations with a various measurable and immeasurable outputs such as forage for farm animals, biological diversity, soil and water conservation and ecosystem functions. However, unconscious exploitation has resulted in weakening, deterioration and exhaustion of these natural resources in time. In achieving an effective, sustainable use at a minimum environmental cost without foregoing economic and social development, policy measures towards conscious utilization, conservation and restoration of these resources are of vital importance. Furthermore, user-friendly, robust policy measures require correct scientific information on the actual utilization of rangelands. The effects of various natural and human induced factors on the rangeland forage yield and its utilization rate were researched in this study. Data were collected from the rangelands of 11 villages in five districts of Erzurum province, Turkey. Descriptive statistics and mixed effect panel regression models were used in data analysis. According to the results it was concluded that 1) because of heavy grazing pressure versus low forage production, high-altitude sites, east and southwest slopes should specifically be given the priority in rangeland rehabilitation studies, 2) drought resistant species should be preferred for the overseeding practices due to the xeric nature of southerly slopes, 3) to avoid excessive exploitation and to realize balanced utilization in all rangeland sites, grazing plans should be developed and strictly followed by each village authority, and 4) Heavy grazing pressure on rangelands gets even worse in drought seasons. Therefore, rangelands should be relatively lightly utilized in such seasons not to cause herbage yield losses and other unwanted outcomes in subsequent years.
First record of the pest and parasitic intermediate host snail Cochlicella barbara (Linnaeus, 1758) in the south-eastern Anatolia
Authors: EKİN İhsan , SESEN Rıdvan
Published: March 2020

The objective of the present study is to inform the last distribution of the invasive and harmful species Cochlicella barbara (Linnaeus, 1758) in Turkey, as well as to draw attention to the possible danger of this distribution on regional vegetation, agriculture, and parasitism. C. barbara was found for the first time in south-eastern of Anatolia in April 2019 in the campus area of the Dicle University in Diyarbakır, Turkey. C. barbara is admitted as a harmful organism and classified as an agricultural pest in most of the countries. Species in this genus have been intercepted in postal packages, soil, and cargo as well as can be easily transported with plants, building materials, household goods, etc. Above all, it is an intermediate host of nematode and fluke parasites of livestock. Knowing the distribution of this species will not only contribute to the registration of a new species in the list of gastropods of the region but also facilitate the control of the species across Turkey.
Determination of Sugar, Total Phenol contents-and Antioxidant Activity of various parts ‘Uzun’ pistachio cultivar (Pistacia vera L.)
Authors: GÜNDEŞLİ Muhammet Ali
Published: March 2020

The aim of this study was conducted to determine the sugar content, total phenol and antioxidant activity of various parts of ‘Uzun’ pistachio trees during 2018 (high bearing, or “on”-year trees) and 2019 (low bearing, or “off”-year trees) growing season. This research was carried on 35-year old, fruitful or unfruitful (showing alternate bearing) trees that were grafted on Pistacia vera rootstock at the Gaziantep provinces of Turkey. Total phenolic content of the samples were determined by the Folin Ciocalteu method by Spectrophotometer. Total antioxidant activitiy of samples were evaluated using the 1, 1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. Radical scavenging activities and total phenolic content of the samples changed depending on the different parts of shoot, leaves, nuts (hull and hard Shell) and kernel. Sugar compounds of Pistachio were detected by using HPLC. The highest antioxidant values were observed in hull (86,02% on-year) and hard Shell (85,37 % on-year ) and the lowest were in kernel samples. The highest total phenol amount was recorded hard Shell and the lowest values were in kernel (81,23% off-year) samples. Fructose content (12,10 g/100 g) was found to be higher than the contents of sucrose (3,10 g/100 g) and glucose (5,48 g/100 g) in ‘off’ year tree and the dominant sugar was found fructose. All tissues that the amount of sugar content in ‘off’ year was higher than ‘on’ year. The results suggest at phytochemicals in ‘Uzun’ pistachio variety has potent antioxidant activities that is important for human nutrition.
Female genital mutilation: A challenge to Health Education
Authors: Onyinyechukwu Nkiru , Emeka  , Grace Njoku Nneka
Published: March 2020

Female genital mutilation (FGM), also known as female cutting and female circumcision, is the ritual removal of some or all the external female genitalia, typically carried out by a traditional circumcised with a blade or razor, with or without anaesthesia. FGM is practiced by ethnic groups in 27 countries of which Nigeria is one. The practice is rooted in gender inequality, attempts to control women's sexually, idea about purity, modesty and aesthetics , ànd a sense of obligation. FGM has been outlawed or restricted in most of the counties where it occurs, but the laws are poorly enforced. Nigerian, due to its large population, has the highest absolute number of female genital mutilation (FGM) worldwide, accounting for about one quarter of the estimated 115-130 million circumcised women in the world. Type I and Type II are more wide spread but less harmful compared to type III ànd then Type IV. There is need to eradicate FGM in Nigeria.
PENERAPAN MODEL POE2WE PADA PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA SMA MATERI FLUIDA DINAMIS BERBANTUAN PhET SIMULATIONS
Authors: Hasanudin Riza
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini merupakan bentuk penerapan model pembelajaran POE2WE dalam pembelajaran fisika berbantuan media virtual laboratorium yaitu Phet Simulations. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) mengetahui dan menganalisis penerapan model POE2WE dalam pembelajaran fisika SMA materi fluida dinamis dengan bantuan media virtual laboratorium PhET Simulations, (2) mengetahui kelebihan penggunaan simulasi virtual PhET dalam pembelajaran fisika pada materi fluida dinamis dengan menggunakan model POE2WE. Materi yang dipilih adalah materi fisika SMA kelas XI mengenai Fluida Dinamis. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berupa pengumpulan data teoritis dengan metode deskriptif dan teknik kajian pustaka. Hasil penelitian ini menujukan bahwa: (1) dalam pembelajaran fisika dengan menggunakan model POE2WE yaitu pada sintaks Observation sangat cocok dibantu dengan media virtual laboratorium PhET Simulations,(2) penggunaan PhET Simulations dalam pembelajaran fisika dengan model POE2WE memiliki beberapa kelebihan diantaranya : mudah dalam pengoperasiannya, dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa, dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa, mengurangi rasa kekhawatiran siswa akan kecelakaan dalam melakukan eksperimen, dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa, serta bisa dijadikan alternatif apabila fasilitas praktikum minim agar tujuan pembelajaran yang diharapkan tetap dapat tercapai.
ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT TO EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE THROUGH WORKING SATISFACTION (CASE STUDY ON DINAS PETERNAKAN DAN PERIKANAN KOTA SUNGAI PENUH)
Authors: Maimunah
Published: March 2020

This study aims to determine and analyze the influence of organizational culture on organizational commitment, the influence of organizational culture on employee job satisfaction, the influence of organizational commitment on employee job satisfaction, the influence of organizational culture on employee performance, the influence of organizational commitment on employee performance, the influence of job satisfaction on employee performance and the influence of organizational culture and organizational commitment on employee performance through job satisfaction. The sample in this study were 68 employees of Dinas Peternakan dan Perikanan Kota Sungai Penuh. The sampling technique is census method because the number of employees is only 68 people who fill out the questionnaire. The type of data used is primary data, the data collection method uses a questionnaire with a Likert scale. Test of research instruments test validity and reliability. Data analysis techniques consist of data description test, classic assumption test, path analysis and hypothesis testing. The results of this study found that organizational culture influences organizational commitment, organizational culture influences employee job satisfaction, organizational commitment influences employee job satisfaction, organizational culture influences employee performance, organizational commitment influences employee performance, job satisfaction affects employee performance and culture. organization and organizational commitment affect employee performance through job satisfaction. This research suggests that to improve employee performance, a more conducive organizational culture is needed, an increase in organizational commitment and improvement in job satisfaction
PENGARUH PENGAWASAN, KOMITMEN ORGANISASI, DAN KOMUNIKASI ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DINAS PERTANIAN TANAMAN PANGAN HORTIKULTURA DAN PETERNAKAN KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT
Authors: Rosalina Dewi
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan (1) Pengaruh Pengawasan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai,(2) Komitmen Organisasiterhadap Kinerja Pegawai, (3) Komunikasi Organisasiterhadap Kinerja Pegawai, (4) Pengaruh Pengawasan, Komitmen Organisasi, dan Komunikasi Organisasisecara bersama-sama terhadap Kinerja Pegawai. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pegawai Dinas Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Hortikultura Dan PeternakanKabupaten Pasaman barat yang berjumlah 50 orang. Dikarenakan jumlah yang relative sedikit yaitu sebanyak 50 orang maka seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel penuh (sensus). Analisis terhadap variabel bebas dan terikat dilakukan melalui analisis deskriptif dan regresi serta untuk pembuktian hipotesis digunakan uji t dan F. Kesimpulan Dari Penelitian Bahwa Hipotesis Secara Parsial Dan Simultan Dari Variabel Pengawasan, Komitmen Organisasidan Komunikasi Organisasi, Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Terbukti/ Diterima Dalam Penelitian Ini Dengan Persamaan Regresi Y = 14,168 + 0,192 X1+ 0,181 X2+ 0,321 X3, Dengan Nilai Uji T Masing-Masingnya 2,795 Dan 2.816 Serta 3,156 Dengan Nilai Sig. 0.008, 0,007 Dan 0,003 Lebih Kecil Dari 0,05. Uji F Dengan Nilai 43,233 Sig. 0,000< 0,05 Dengan Demikian Variabel X1 (Pengawasan), X2 (Komitmen Organisasi), Dan X3 (Komunikasi Organisasi) Secara Parsial Dan Simultan Berpengaruh Secara Signifikan Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai (Y). Dari Hasil Penelitian Ini Disarankan Pengawasan, Komitmen Organisasi Dan Komunikasi Organisasiyang Telah Dicapai Secara Parsial Dan Simultan Yang Relatif Sudah Baik Untuk Dapat Dipertahankan Dan Bahkan Ditingkatkan Sehingga Kinerja Pegawai Semakin Akan Meningkat.
ANALISIS PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN, LINGKUNGAN KERJA DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA PEGAWAI DINAS KEBUDAYAAN DAN PARIWSATA KOTA SUNGAI PENUH
Authors: Suryadi Apri
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan terhadap kepuasan kerja pegawai, pengaruh lingkungan kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja pegawai dan pengaruh motivasi kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja pegawai. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Kota Sungai Penuh yang berjumlah 62 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah metode sensus karena jumlah pegawai hanya 62 orang. Jenis data yang digunakan data primer, metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner dengan skala Likert. Uji instrumen penelitian uji validitas dan realibilitas. Teknik analisis data terdiri dari uji deskripsi data, uji asumsi klasik, dan pengujian hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Kota Sungai Penuh, lingkungan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja pegawai Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Kota Sungai Penuh dan motivasi kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja pegawai Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Kota Sungai Penuh.
Misi Apologetika Kristen Online di Era Diruspsi
Authors: panuntun daniel fajar
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT: Daniel Fajar Panuntun, Indonesia is one of big country that entering in the disruption era. This era bring a significan change in Indonesia.This era is known by all conventional thing start to disappear. This era will give a challenge for the calling of mission in Indonesia. The mission calling in Indonesia can be done by using apologetic. According that phenomenon, need to make a mission model of apologetic and it relation with the disruption era. The aim of this research is to make a mission model of Chrisitian apologetic online ind disruption era. This research is using kualitatif approach with phenomenology and teologi study. The Data collect is using a literature study. This research create a mission model of Chrisitian apologetic online ind disruption era that consist of: the apologetic subject, apologetic method, and apologetic strategy.Key word : Mission, Apologetic, disrupsi, onlineABSTRAK: Daniel Fajar Panuntun, Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara besar yang masuk dalam era dirupsi. Era ini membawa perubahan yang signifikan di Indonesia . Era ini ditandai segala sesuatu yang bersifat konvensional mulai tergerus. Era ini akan memberikan tantangan dalam panggilan Misi yang ada di Indonesia. Panggilan misi di Indonesia dapat dilakukan dengan metode apologetika. Melihat fenomena tersebut perlu perumusan suatu model misi apologetika dalam kaitannya dengan era disrupsi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan model misi apologetika Kristen online di era disrupsi. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian fenomenologis dan teologis. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan studi literature.Penelitian ini menghasilkan model apologetika misi apologetika Kristen online di era disrupsi yang terdiri atas: pelaku apologetika, metode apologetika, dan strategi apologetika.Key Words: Misi, apologetika, disrupsi, online
ANALISIS PENGARUH MOTIVASI DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA (Studi pada Dinas Penanaman Modal Pelayanan Terpadu dan Perindustrian Kabupaten Padang Pariaman)
Authors: Jayanda Hendriko Putra
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study is to test partially and simultaneously the influence of motivation and work environment on the performance of state civil apparatus in the Office of Integrated Service Investment and Industry of Padang Pariaman Regency, data collected by spreading the questionnaire directly. Test of research instrument used is test of validity and reliability test. The classical assumption test used is normality test, linearity test, multicollinearity test, and heteroscedasticity test. As for hypothesis test used t test and test f. The analytical method used to test the effect of motivation and work environment on the performance of civil state apparatus is multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS. The result of the research shows that there is a significant influence between the working environment on the performance of civil apparatus of the State. Simultaneously or jointly motivation and work environment significantly influence the performance of civil apparatus of the State. Based on the research, it can be concluded that motivation has a significant effect on the performance of the State Civil Apparatus on the Integrated Service and Investment Service Department (DPMPTP) of Kabupaten Padang Pariaman. The work environment has a significant effect on the performance of the State Civil Apparatus on the Integrated Service and Industrial Service Investment Service (DPMPTP) of Padang Kabupaten Pariaman. Morality and work environment have a significant effect on the performance of State Civil Apparatus at the Department of Investment of Integrated Services and Industry (DPMPTP) of Kabupaten Padang Pariaman.
PELATIHAN DAN IKLIM ORGANISASI TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN USAHA PERIKANAN MASYARAKAT (STUDI KASUS PADA DINAS PETERNAKAN DAN PERIKANAN (BIDANG PERIKANAN) KOTA SUNGAI PENUH
Authors: Tanjung Mariani St.B
Published: March 2020

The research is proposed to test the influence of Training and Organizational Climate on the Success of Fisheries. The population in this study is the Sungai Penuh City community which has a total of 120 fisheries businesses. Furthermore, by using the Slovin formula, a sample size of 92 businesses was selected with a sampling technique based on Proportional Cluster Random Sampling. This study uses primary data and secondary data. Data analysis techniques used are path analysis and test hypotheses using t test with data analysis using SPSS version 20. The results of the study based on showing that partially the Training and Organizational Climate has a positive and significant effect on Business Success. The results also show that the Organizational Climate variable acts as an intervening variable between Training and Business..
Not all autism genes are created equal: A response to Myers et al
Authors: Buxbaum Joseph , Cutler David J , Daly Mark J , Devlin Bernie , Roeder Kathryn , Sander Stephan J
Published: March 2020

In our recent Autism Sequencing Consortium (ASC) study (Satterstrom et al 2020), we show that cohorts ascertained for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and those ascertained for a broader array of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) differ both in the rate and in the relative distribution of mutations across genes. In secondary analyses, we used a binary classifier to separate the 102 ASD genes that we identified into those more often disrupted in individuals ascertained for ASD versus those more often disrupted in individuals ascertained for NDDs; we refer to these as ASD-predominant (ASDP) and ASDNDD genes, respectively. Protein truncating variants in ASDP genes are more likely to be found in parents, and are more likely to be inherited, consistent with reduced selective pressure acting against disruptive variants in ASDP genes. Moreover, in individuals ascertained for ASD, those harboring ASDNDD gene mutations show, on average, greater delays in walking and lower IQ, when compared to those harboring ASDP gene mutations. The results demonstrate that there will be genes that are more clearly associated with the extremes of a clinical phenotypic spectrum. We suggest that the discovery of genes associated with the extremes of the spectrum will provide further insights into pathways disrupted in ASD, and that such discovery is an important direction for future research. Here, in response to a recent commentary by our esteemed colleagues (Myers et al. 2020), we discuss the ASC findings in greater detail and place our results in the context of future research in ASD.