bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Youth Movements and Elections in Eastern Europe
Authors: Nikolayenko Olena
Published: October 2017

At the turn of the twenty-first century, a tide of nonviolent youth movements swept across Eastern Europe. Young people demanded political change in repressive political regimes that emerged since the collapse of communism. The Serbian social movement Otpor (Resistance) played a vital role in bringing down Slobodan Milosevic in 2000. Inspired by Otpor's example, similar challenger organizations were formed in Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, and Ukraine. The youth movements, however, differed in the extent to which they could mobilize citizens against the authoritarian governments on the eve of national elections. This book argues that the movement's tactics and state countermoves explain, in no small degree, divergent social movement outcomes. Using data from semi-structured interviews with former movement participants, public opinion polls, government publications, non-governmental organization (NGO) reports, and newspaper articles, the book traces state-movement interactions in five post-communist societies: Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Serbia, and Ukraine.
The Emergence of Modern Aesthetic Theory
Authors: Grote Simon
Published: October 2017

Broad in its geographic scope and yet grounded in original archival research, this book situates the inception of modern aesthetic theory – the philosophical analysis of art and beauty - in theological contexts that are crucial to explaining why it arose. Simon Grote presents seminal aesthetic theories of the German and Scottish Enlightenments as outgrowths of a quintessentially Enlightenment project: the search for a natural 'foundation of morality' and a means of helping naturally self-interested human beings transcend their own self-interest. This conclusion represents an important alternative to the standard history of aesthetics as a series of preludes to the achievements of Immanuel Kant, as well as a reinterpretation of several canonical figures in the German and Scottish Enlightenments. It also offers a foundation for a transnational history of the Enlightenment without the French philosophes at its centre, while solidly endorsing historians' growing reluctance to call the Enlightenment a secularising movement.
A First Course in Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Aref H. , Balachandar S.
Published: October 2017

Fluid mechanics is a branch of classical physics that has a rich tradition in applied mathematics and numerical methods. It is at work virtually everywhere, from nature to technology. This broad and fundamental coverage of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) begins with a presentation of basic numerical methods and flows into a rigorous introduction to the subject. A heavy emphasis is placed on the exploration of fluid mechanical physics through CFD, making this book an ideal text for any new course that simultaneously covers intermediate fluid mechanics and computation. Ample examples, problems and computer exercises are provided to allow students to test their understanding of a variety of numerical methods for solving flow physics problems, including the point-vortex method, numerical methods for hydrodynamic stability analysis, spectral methods and traditional CFD topics.
Liszt and the Symphonic Poem
Authors: Cormac Joanne
Published: October 2017

Franz Liszt was preoccupied with a fundamental but difficult question: what is the content of music? His answer lay in his symphonic poems, a group of orchestral pieces intended to depict a variety of subjects drawn from literature, visual art and drama. Today, the symphonic poems are usually seen as alternatives to the symphony post-Beethoven. Analysts stress their symphonic logic, thereby neglecting their 'extramusical' subject matter. This book takes a different approach: it returns these influential pieces to their original performance context in the theatre, arguing that the symphonic poem is as much a dramatic as a symphonic genre. This is evidenced in new analyses of the music that examines the theatricality of these pieces and their depiction of voices, mise-en-scène, gesture and action. Simultaneously, the book repositions Liszt's legacy within theatre history, arguing that his contributions should be placed alongside those of Mendelssohn, Berlioz and Wagner.
Improvement in the Prognosis of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis over a 22-Year Period
Authors: Anderson Dustin , Kromm Julie , Jeerakathil Thomas
Published: October 2017

Background: Cerebral venous thrombosis is a rare cause of stroke, with a number of well-defined risk factors. However, there exist few studies that describe trends in the prognosis of this disease over time. Methods: A retrospective study was performed on patients diagnosed with cerebral venous thrombosis at the University of Alberta Hospital during two time periods: 1988-1998 (21 patients) and 1999-2009 (40 patients). Signs and symptoms, risk factors, imaging findings, etiologies, treatment modalities, and status at discharge were examined. Results: Headache, nausea and vomiting, focal motor deficit, and seizure were the most common signs and symptoms, and active hormonal contraception was the most commonly identified risk factor between the two cohorts. Hematoma and hyperdense sinuses were the most commonly identified CT findings between groups. Thrombophilia and the use of hormonal contraception were the most frequently identified etiologies between the two cohorts. Treatment was similar, with the majority of patients in both cohorts receiving unfractionated heparin as first-line therapy. Patients in the 1999-2009 cohort were significantly less likely to have a severe deficit or be dead at discharge (odds ratio [OR]=0.178; 95% confidence interval [CI95%]=0.051, 0.625) and were more likely to have a favorable modified Rankin Scale score of 0 or 1 at discharge (OR=7.98; CI95%=1.79, 35.71). Conclusions: Our data indicate a reduction in severe residual symptoms at discharge and improved functional status at discharge for patients presenting with cerebral venous thrombosis from 1999 to 2009, as compared with 1988-1998.
LOW-DEGREE BOOLEAN FUNCTIONS ON , WITH AN APPLICATION TO ISOPERIMETRY
Authors: ELLIS DAVID , FILMUS YUVAL , FRIEDGUT EHUD
Published: October 2017

We prove that Boolean functions on$S_{n}$, whose Fourier transform is highly concentrated on irreducible representations indexed by partitions of$n$whose largest part has size at least$n-t$, are close to being unions of cosets of stabilizers of$t$-tuples. We also obtain an edge-isoperimetric inequality for the transposition graph on$S_{n}$which is asymptotically sharp for subsets of$S_{n}$of size$n!/\text{poly}(n)$, using eigenvalue techniques. We then combine these two results to obtain a sharp edge-isoperimetric inequality for subsets of$S_{n}$of size$(n-t)!$, where$n$is large compared to$t$, confirming a conjecture of Ben Efraim in these cases.
Transient penetration of a viscoelastic fluid in a narrow capillary channel
Authors: Sumanasekara Udugama R. , Azese Martin N. , Bhattacharya Sukalyan
Published: October 2017

This article describes an unexplored transport phenomenon where a mildly viscoelastic medium encroaches a narrow capillary channel under the action of surface-tension force. The ultimate goal of the study is to provide the penetration length and the intrusion rate of the liquid as functions of time. The resulting analysis would be instrumental in building an inexpensive and convenient rheometric device which can measure the temporal scale for viscoelastic relaxation from the stored data of the aforementioned quantities. The key step in the formulation is a transient eigenfunction expansion of the instantaneous velocity profile. The time-dependent amplitude of the expansion as well as the intruded length are governed by a system of integro-differential relations which are derived by exploiting the mass and momentum conservation principles. The obtained integro-differential equations are simultaneously solved by using a fourth-order Runge–Kutta method assuming a start-up problem from rest. The resulting numerical solution properly represents the predominantly one-dimensional flow which gradually slows down after an initial acceleration and subsequent oscillation. The computational findings are independently verified by two separate perturbation theories. The first of these is based on a Weissenberg number expansion revealing the departure in the unsteady imbibition due to small but finite viscoelasticity. In contrast, the second one explains the long-time behaviour of the system by analytically predicting the decay features of the dynamics. These asymptotic results unequivocally corroborate the simulation inferring the accuracy of the numerics as well as the utility of the simplified mathematical models.
Spectral analysis and coherence of aerodynamic lift on rectangular cylinders in turbulent flow
Authors: Li Shaopeng , Li Mingshui
Published: October 2017

The goal of the present work is to derive the closed-form expressions of coherence and admittances to describe the spatial distribution of lift on rectangular cylinders in turbulent flow, which can be used to investigate the three-dimensional effects of turbulence. The coherence of the three-dimensional aerodynamic admittance (3D AAF), which takes into full account the spanwise variations in the vertical velocity fluctuations, is introduced to assess the validity of the strip assumption. A theoretical coherence model expressed in a double-exponential form is derived starting from the two-wavenumber spectral tensor of the lift on a thin aerofoil in Fourier space, providing us with explicit insight into the coherence of the lift force. Notably, it is an intrinsic property that the lift force on the structure is more strongly correlated than the oncoming flow and 3D AAF. This coherence model is extended to rectangular cylinders by the introduction of three floating parameters into the decay parameters of the 3D AAF. Based on theoretical and experimental investigations, it is shown that the three-dimensional effects of turbulence grow more prominent as the difference between the decay parameters of the 3D AAF and vertical velocity fluctuations decreases. A generalized approach for rapidly deriving the closed-form expressions of the admittances is proposed to study the unsteady behaviour of the lift force and the distortion of the free stream passing through the rectangular cylinders.
Compressibility regularizes the 𝜇(I)-rheology for dense granular flows
Authors: Heyman J. , Delannay R. , Tabuteau H. , Valance A.
Published: October 2017

The $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}(I)$-rheology was recently proposed as a potential candidate to model the incompressible flow of frictional grains in the dense inertial regime. However, this rheology was shown to be ill-posed in the mathematical sense for a large range of parameters, notably in the low and large inertial number limits (Barker et al., J. Fluid Mech., vol. 779, 2015, pp. 794–818). In this rapid communication, we extend the stability analysis of Barker et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 779, 2015, pp. 794–818) to compressible flows. We show that compressibility regularizes the equations, making the problem well-posed for all parameters, with the condition that sufficient dissipation be associated with volume changes. In addition to the usual Coulomb shear friction coefficient $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$, we introduce a bulk friction coefficient $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}_{b}$, associated with volume changes and show that the problem is well-posed if $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}_{b}>1-7\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}/6$. Moreover, we show that the ill-posed domain defined by Barker et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 779, 2015, pp. 794–818) transforms into a domain where the flow is unstable but remains well-posed when compressibility is taken into account. These results suggest the importance of taking into account dynamic compressibility for the modelling of dense granular flows and open new perspectives to investigate the emission and propagation of acoustic waves inside these flows.
Heat transfer in rotating Rayleigh–Bénard convection with rough plates
Authors: Joshi Pranav , Rajaei Hadi , Kunnen Rudie P. J. , Clercx Herman J. H.
Published: October 2017

This experimental study focuses on the effect of horizontal boundaries with pyramid-shaped roughness elements on the heat transfer in rotating Rayleigh–Bénard convection. It is shown that the Ekman pumping mechanism, which is responsible for the heat transfer enhancement under rotation in the case of smooth top and bottom surfaces, is unaffected by the roughness as long as the Ekman layer thickness $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}_{E}$ is significantly larger than the roughness height $k$. As the rotation rate increases, and thus $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}_{E}$ decreases, the roughness elements penetrate the radially inward flow in the interior of the Ekman boundary layer that feeds the columnar Ekman vortices. This perturbation generates additional thermal disturbances which are found to increase the heat transfer efficiency even further. However, when $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}_{E}\approx k$, the Ekman boundary layer is strongly perturbed by the roughness elements and the Ekman pumping mechanism is suppressed. The results suggest that the Ekman pumping is re-established for $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}_{E}\ll k$ as the faces of the pyramidal roughness elements then act locally as a sloping boundary on which an Ekman layer can be formed.
When and how knowledge sharing benefits team creativity: The importance of cognitive team diversity
Authors: Men Chenghao , Fong Patrick S W , Luo Jinlian , Zhong Jing , Huo Weiwei
Published: October 2017

In this paper, we explored the role of knowledge sharing on team creativity through absorptive capacity and knowledge integration, and tested the condition under which knowledge sharing is positively related to absorptive capacity and knowledge integration. We tested our hypotheses with a sample of 86 knowledge worker teams involving 381 employees and employers in China. Results demonstrate that knowledge sharing was positively related to team creativity, fully mediated by both absorptive capacity and knowledge integration. In addition, cognitive team diversity played a moderating role in the relationship between knowledge sharing and absorptive capacity, as well as in the relationship between knowledge sharing and knowledge integration. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings on knowledge management and team creativity are discussed.
Last-male sperm precedence inRhynchophorus ferrugineus(Olivier): observations in laboratory mating experiments with irradiated males
Authors: Musmeci S. , Belvedere S. , Sasso R. , Arnone S. , Cristofaro M. , Nobili P. , La Marca A. , De Biase A.
Published: October 2017

The Red Palm Weevil (RPW)Rhynchophorus ferrugineus(Olivier 1790) is an invasive pest from southeastern Asia and Melanesia that in the last 30 years has spread widely in the Middle East and Mediterranean Basin. Its stem-boring larvae cause great damage to several palm species of the Arecaceae family, many of which are economically important for agricultural and ornamental purposes. Therefore, great attention has recently been focused in studying this species to identify sustainable and effective eradication strategies, such as sterile insect technique (SIT). The rapid spread of RPW is associated with its high reproductive success. To evaluate the suitability of a SIT strategy, particular physiological and behavioral aspects of RPW reproduction, such as the presence of polyandry and post-copulatory sperm selection mechanisms, were investigated. To determine paternity of progeny from multiply mated females, double-crossing experiments were carried out confining individual females with either a wild-type male or a γ-irradiated male (Co-60). Fecundity and fertility of females were scored to evaluate post-copulatory sperm selection. Results showed that progeny were almost exclusively produced by the sperm of the second male, suggesting that a last-male sperm precedence is expressed at high levels in this species, and providing interesting insights for an area-wide RPW management strategy such as the SIT.
Is there a link between availability of food and beverage establishments and BMI in Mexican adults?
Authors: Molina Mariana , Serván-Mori Edson , Quezada Amado D , Colchero M Arantxa
Published: October 2017

Objective

To study the association between density of stores (food and beverage stores, stores selling only fruits and vegetables, and supermarkets) and the BMI of adults aged ≥20 years in Mexico.

Design

A cross-sectional study was performed. Individual data came from the 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey, while information on stores was taken from the National Institute of Geography and Statistics’ National Statistics Directory of Economic Units. A weighted least-squares model was estimated to test the association between density of stores and BMI of adults adjusting for sex, age, education, presence of hypertension, diabetes or both, household assets index and marginality index at the municipality level.

Setting

Mexico.

Results

An additional 1sdin the density of fruit and vegetable stores was associated with a reduction of 0·24 (95 % CI −0·37, −0·12) kg/m2in BMI when the densities of the other stores were at their mean values. For food and beverage store density, a difference of 1sdwas associated with an increase of 0·50 (95 % CI 0·33, 0·67) kg/m2in BMI, while for supermarkets the corresponding association was a reduction of 0·48 (95 % CI −1·52, 0·56) kg/m2in BMI.

Conclusions

In places with a higher density of stores that offer unhealthy foods, the BMI of adults tends to be higher.
Measuring Earth’s Elasticity
Authors: Underwood Emily
Published: October 2017

A new study illuminates how crustal rocks break and stretch.
High-throughput RNAi screen for essential genes and drug synergistic combinations in colorectal cancer
Authors: Williams Steven P. , Barthorpe Andrew S. , Lightfoot Howard , Garnett Mathew J. , McDermott Ultan
Published: October 2017

Metastatic colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer death. However, current therapy options are limited to chemotherapy, with the addition of anti-EGFR antibodies for patients withRASwild-type tumours. Novel drug targets, or drug combinations that induce a synergistic response, would be of great benefit to patients. The identification of genes that are essential for cell survival can be undertaken using functional genomics screens. Furthermore, performing such screens in the presence of a targeted agent would allow the identification of combinations that result in a synthetic lethal interaction. Here, we present a dataset containing the results of a large scale RNAi screen (815 genes) to detect essential genes as well as synergistic combinations with targeted therapeutic agents using a panel of 27 colorectal cancer cell lines. These data identify genes that are essential for colorectal cancer cell survival as well as synthetic lethal treatment combinations using novel computational approaches. Moreover, this dataset could be utilised in combination with genomic profiling to identify predictive biomarkers of response.
Bladder regeneration in a canine model using a bladder acellular matrix loaded with a collagen-binding bFGF
Authors: Shi Chunying , Chen Wei , Chen Bing , Shan Tao , Jia Weisheng , Hou Xianglin , Li Longkun , Ye Gang , Dai Jianwu
Published: October 2017

Bladder reconstruction remains challenging for urological surgery due to lack of suitable regenerative scaffolds.
Targeted tumor SPECT/CT dual mode imaging using multifunctional RGD-modified low generation dendrimer-entrapped gold nanoparticles
Authors: Xu Xiaoying , Zhao Lingzhou , Li Xin , Wang Peng , Zhao Jinhua , Shi Xiangyang , Shen Mingwu
Published: October 2017

Multifunctional RGD-modified low-generation dendrimer-entrapped gold nanoparticles can be synthesized and used as a probe for targeted tumor SPECT/CT imaging.
Construction of biological hybrid microcapsules with defined permeability towards programmed release of biomacromolecules
Authors: Liu Lina , Su Dongyue , Liu Xiaoman , Wang Lei , Zhan Jie , Xie Hui , Meng Xianghe , Zhang Hao , Liu Jian , Huang Xin
Published: October 2017

A method to modulate the permeability of microcapsules on demand was demonstrated, which allowed a programmed release of loaded biomacromolecules.
Protein metalation by metal-based drugs: X-ray crystallography and mass spectrometry studies
Authors: Messori L. , Merlino A.
Published: October 2017

Results obtained in our laboratories from the examination of the structures of protein adducts with metallodrugs are compared and discussed.
Reversible mechanochromic and thermochromic luminescence switching via hydrogen-bond-directed assemblies in a zinc coordination complex
Authors: Zou Rui , Zhang Jie , Hu Shuzhi , Hu Fei , Zhang Haoyu , Fu Zhiyong
Published: October 2017

A zinc coordination complex with terpyridyl derivative as ligand exhibits mechanochromic and thermochromic luminescence behaviors with reversible color changes visible to the naked eye from pink to blue-purple upon mechanical grinding and from pink to blue upon heating.
Micro-sectoriality in hydrothermally grown ruby crystals: the internal structure of the boundaries of the growth sectors
Authors: Thomas Victor G. , Daneu Nina , Rečnik Aleksander , Mashkovtsev Rudolf I. , Dražić Goran , Drev Sandra , Demin Sergey P. , Gavryushkin Pavel N. , Fursenko Dmitry A.
Published: October 2017

This study explores the fine structural details of the boundaries between the growth micro-sectors in a ruby crystal grown hydrothermally on a nonsingularly oriented (011̄2̄) seed.
Shape tuneable synthesis of perovskite structured rare-earth chromites RECrO3via a mild hydrothermal method
Authors: Wang Shan , Wu Xiaofeng , Yuan Long , Zhang Chenyang , Lu Dayong
Published: October 2017

Controllable synthesis of perovskite structured oxides with well-defined facets is a challenging but important route for crystal shape and facet dependent applications.
Tuning the structure and Zn(ii) sensing of lanthanide complexes with two phenylimidazophenanthrolines by acetonitrile hydrolysis
Authors: Zhou Xia , Peng Jun-Ling , Wen Cai-Ying , Liu Ze-Yu , Wang Xing-Hao , Wu Jian-Zhong , Ou Yong-Cong
Published: October 2017

1D/0D lanthanide complexes of phenylimidazophenanthrolines were constructedviahydrolysis of acetonitrile, and0-Eushows prompt photoemission response to Zn2+.
Imaging Aβ(1–42) fibril elongation reveals strongly polarised growth and growth incompetent states
Authors: Young Laurence J. , Kaminski Schierle Gabriele S. , Kaminski Clemens F.
Published: October 2017

A two colour TIRF microscopy assay enables the quantitative measurement of Aβ42 amyloid fibril elongation kinetics.
Improved ethanol gas sensing performances of a ZnO/Co3O4 composite induced by its flytrap-like structure
Authors: Xu Keng , Yang Li , Yang Yong , Yuan Cailei
Published: October 2017

Nanocomposite materials with excellent receptor and transducer functions are promising in ameliorating their gas sensing properties.
Alkene-assisted cis-to-trans isomerization of non-conjugated polyunsaturated alkenes
Authors: Smarun A. V. , Duzhin F. , Petković M. , Vidović D.
Published: October 2017

Complex [Cp*Ru(NCMe)3][PF6], 1a, has been identified as a cis-to-trans isomerization catalyst of various non-conjugated cis-polyalkenes under exceptional kinetic control as no alkene conjugation was observed.
[Pb3Cu2I10(phen)4]n: a novel organic–inorganic hybrid ferromagnetic semiconductor
Authors: Fan Le-Qing , Jin Xin , Li Dong-Xu , Tian Chong-Bin , Wu Ji-Huai
Published: October 2017

An iodoplumbate-based organic–inorganic hybrid ferromagnetic semiconductor based on coordination compounds is reported.
Magnetic behaviour of bimetallic layered phases M′0.2Mn0.8PS3·0.25 H2O (M′ = ZnII, CuII, NiII, CoII)
Authors: Fuentealba P. , Cortes C. , Manzur J. , Paredes-García V. , Venegas-Yazigi D. , Silva I. D. A. , de Santana R. C. , Magon C. J. , Spodine E.
Published: October 2017

Electron paramagnetic resonance data permit to estimate the critical temperatures of the bimetallic phases that could not be clearly inferred from the magnetic susceptibility data.
New phosphonate based corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in hydrochloric acid useful for industrial pickling processes: experimental and theoretical approach
Authors: Gupta Neeraj Kumar , Verma Chandrabhan , Salghi R. , Lgaz H. , Mukherjee A. K. , Quraishi M. A.
Published: October 2017

Phosphorus containing compounds have been evaluated by experimental and theoretical techniques and more than 96% corrosion inhibition efficiency was observed at 200 ppm concentration.
Co–P/graphene alloy catalysts doped with Cu and Ni for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen generation
Authors: Zhen Wenlong , Guo Yueping , Wu Yuqi , Lu Gongxuan
Published: October 2017

Co–Cu–P/GP exhibited excellent photocatalytic H2 evolution rates and high apparent quantum efficiencies under visible light irradiation.
Coelenterazine analogues emit red-shifted bioluminescence with NanoLuc
Authors: Shakhmin Anton , Hall Mary P. , Machleidt Thomas , Walker Joel R. , Wood Keith V. , Kirkland Thomas A.
Published: October 2017

Synthesis and biological investigation of coelenterazine analogs that demonstrate a tunable red-shift in their bioluminescent emission with NanoLuc luciferase.
Hydroxylation of anilides by engineered cytochrome P450BM3
Authors: O'Hanlon Jack A. , Ren Xinkun , Morris Melloney , Wong Luet Lok , Robertson Jeremy
Published: October 2017

Cytochrome P450BM3mutants achieve selectivepara-hydroxylation of substitutedN-sulfonylanilines under mild conditions.
I2/CHP mediated [1 + 1 + 1 + 1] cyclization of aromatic isocyanides with amines to construct 1,3-diazetidine-2,4-diimine derivatives
Authors: Liu Hai-Feng , Zhu Tong-Hao , Xu Pei , Wang Shun-Yi , Ji Shun-Jun
Published: October 2017

An I2/CHP (cumene hydroperoxide) mediated [1 + 1 + 1 + 1] cyclization of aromatic isocyanides with readily accessible amines via the formation of 4 new C–N bonds has been developed to construct unsymmetric 1,3-diazetidine-2,4-diimine derivatives under mild conditions.
Synthesis of functionalized imidazolidine-2-thiones via NHC/base-promoted aza-benzoin/aza-acetalization domino reactions
Authors: Di Carmine Graziano , Ragno Daniele , De Risi Carmela , Bortolini Olga , Giovannini Pier Paolo , Fantin Giancarlo , Massi Alessandro
Published: October 2017

Benzylidene thioureas were generated in situ from α-sulfonylamines and used as novel umpolung acceptors in aza-benzoin/aza-acetalization domino reactions giving 5-hydroxy-imidazolidine-2-thiones.
Multifunctional polyphosphazene-coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes for the synergistic treatment of redox-responsive chemotherapy and effective photothermal therapy
Authors: Wang Daquan , Ren Yibo , Shao Yongping , Meng Lingjie
Published: October 2017

A multifunctional drug delivery system for chemo-photothermal therapeutics was developed by coating an anticancer-drug-containing polyphosphazene onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes, which could selectively suppress and kill cancer cells, but negligibly affect normal cells.
Honeycomb-like metallic nickel selenide nanosheet arrays as binder-free electrodes for high-performance hybrid asymmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Du Lulu , Du Weimin , Ren Huili , Wang Ning , Yao Zhenjie , Shi Xiaoshan , Zhang Bing , Zai Jiantao , Qian Xuefeng
Published: October 2017

Hybrid asymmetric supercapacitors based on Ni0.85Se nanosheet arrays and activated carbon show remarkable energy-storage characteristics and promising applicable value.
Recent advances in ternary two-dimensional materials: synthesis, properties and applications
Authors: Wang Lina , Hu Peng , Long Yi , Liu Zheng , He Xuexia
Published: October 2017

The synthesis, structure, characterization, physical properties and applications of different kinds of ternary 2D materials are systematically summarized and further discussed.
A novel high-performance electrode architecture for supercapacitors: Fe2O3 nanocube and carbon nanotube functionalized carbon
Authors: Wang Rui , Cai Shichang , Yan Yizhi , Yourey William M. , Tong Wei , Tang Haolin
Published: October 2017

A novel high-performance electrode architecture, Fe2O3 nanocube/carbon nanotube functionalized carbon, demonstrates remarkably high areal capacitance and excellent cycling stability.
A general and rapid approach to crystalline metal sulfide nanoparticle synthesis for photocatalytic H2 generation
Authors: Xu Wentao , Ye Ping , Iocozzia James , Zhang Hefeng , Yuan Yupeng , Lin Zhiqun
Published: October 2017

CdS can be rapidly yielded within minutes by capitalizing on a microwave-assisted heating strategy. The CdS produced under optimal conditions (35 min) showed a H2 generation rate that is comparable to that of commercially available CdS.
Facile synthesis of Cu doped cobalt hydroxide (Cu–Co(OH)2) nano-sheets for efficient electrocatalytic oxygen evolution
Authors: Chen Lisong , Zhang Huilin , Chen Li , Wei Xinfa , Shi Jianlin , He Mingyuan
Published: October 2017

Cu doped cobalt hydroxide with a uniform ultrathin structure was synthesized by a facile and green strategy. The synthesized samples show excellent oxygen evolution activity and stability. The possible reaction mechanisms for these samples have been proposed.
Design of a 24 GHz frequency divider‐by‐10 in 45 nm‐silicon‐on‐insulator as an active reflector tag
Authors: El Agroudy N. , El‐Shennawy M. , Joram N. , Ellinger F.
Published: October 2017

The design of a 24 GHz frequency divider‐by‐10 for accurate indoor localisation systems is presented. It is proposed to use frequency dividers as active reflector tags in a frequency‐modulated continuous wave indoor localisation system in order to reduce interferences caused by direct reflections of the interrogating signal. Since frequency dividers are subharmonic generators, this allows achieving conversion gain in the reflected signal. The frequency divider is fabricated using GLOBAL FOUNDRIES 45 nm‐silicon‐on‐insulator technology. It consumes only 5.7 mW from a 1 V supply. It has a wide locking range of 33% and an efficiency of 3.58 GHz/mW. To the best of authors’ knowledge, the use of frequency dividers as active reflectors was not studied before.
Speech enhancement based on modulation domain processing using coherent harmonic demodulation technique
Authors: Samui S. , Chakrabarti I. , Ghosh S.K.
Published: October 2017

This Letter presents a single‐channel speech enhancement technique based on modulation domain signal processing. In the proposed approach, noise‐dominant low‐frequency (4–16 Hz) temporal modulation envelopes are discarded based on the modulation domain a priori signal‐to‐noise ratio criterion. Moreover, the authors have employed coherent harmonic demodulation method which ensures distortion‐free filtering of modulators. The experiment results in various acoustic non‐stationary noise scenario show that the proposed approach can significantly improve the speech quality and intelligibility while compared to the other existing state‐of‐the‐art baseline techniques.
Experimental characterisation of near field backscatter from thin resistively loaded FSS absorbers
Authors: McGuigan N. , Conway G. , Cahill R. , Zelenchuk D. , Zabri S.
Published: October 2017

Experimental results are employed to show that a thin metal backed resistively loaded frequency selective surface (FSS) exhibits significant radar backscatter suppression when the structure is illuminated by an antenna placed in close proximity to the periodic array. This is investigated in the range 9–11 GHz by measuring the shift in the resonant frequency of an impedance matched (|S11| ∼15 dB at 10.22 GHz) microstrip patch which is placed in five different positions ranging from λ/30 to λ/5 distance above the surface of the FSS. Detuning of the antenna by signals reflected from the absorber surface is shown to be much less significant than the upward frequency shift in the measured |S11| for a metal plate and tissue phantom, therefore this technology could be used to enhance the performance of on‐body wireless sensors.
Time‐variant TEC estimation with fully polarimetric GEO‐SAR data
Authors: Guo Wei , Chen Jie , Liu Wei , Li Chunsheng
Published: October 2017

A time‐variant total electron content (TEC) estimation method with fully polarimetric geosynchronous synthetic aperture radar (GEO‐SAR) data is proposed based on inner aperture Faraday rotation angle estimation and an accurate TEC inversion model. With a long integration time and sensitivity to ionosphere effects, the fully polarimetric GEO‐SAR data are utilised for estimation with high accuracy for both the time‐variant TEC and the time interval. Superiority of the proposed method over conventional ionospheric sounding methods is verified by simulation results.
Analysis of parasitic effects in carrier signal injection methods for sensorless control of PM synchronous machines
Authors: Xu Peilin , Zhu Z.Q.
Published: October 2017

This study presents the parasitic effects on different carrier signal injection methods with alternative sensing signals for the sensorless control of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs). The different carrier injection methods are the rotating injection in the stationary reference frame with carrier current sensing and with zero‐sequence carrier voltage sensing, the pulsating injection in the estimated synchronous reference frame with carrier current sensing, and pulsating injection in the anti‐rotating reference frame with zero‐sequence carrier voltage sensing, respectively. The parasitic effects, e.g. the magnetic saturation, inverter non‐linearity, iron and PM losses, torque ripple etc. will be fully analysed and compared for these different injection methods. All the theoretical analyses are validated by either finite‐element analyses or experiments on a laboratory PM machine.
Two‐step method for identifying photovoltaic grid‐connected inverter controller parameters based on the adaptive differential evolution algorithm
Authors: Liu Zhongqian , Wu Hongbin , Jin Wei , Xu Bin , Ji Yu , Wu Ming
Published: October 2017

Photovoltaic (PV) grid‐connected inverter is the core component of PV generation system; quickly and accurately obtaining the parameters of inverter controller has great significance in analysis of transient characteristics of PV generation system. Parameter identification relies on disturbance signals and measurements selection, and the trajectory sensitivities of inverter controller parameters are calculated with different system outputs as the measurements, the disturbance signals include AC three‐phase short‐circuit fault and DC voltage reference jump, accordingly, a two‐step identification method is proposed, the first step use a three‐phase fault to identify all voltage loop parameters and the proportional coefficient of current loop, and the second step consider a DC voltage reference jump disturbance to identify the integral coefficient of current loop and the setting inductance value. The adaptive differential evolution is taken as the identification algorithm, which adopts adaptive strategies for algorithm parameters in order to speed up the convergence and enhances the balance between the global search and local mining. The simulation analysis validates the effectiveness of this method. In addition, the impact of the inductance error on the identification is discussed.
Effects of global gas flows on type I migration
Authors: Ogihara Masahiro , Kokubo Eiichiro , Suzuki Takeru K. , Morbidelli Alessandro , Crida Aurélien
Published: October 2017

Context. Magnetically-driven disk winds would alter the surface density slope of gas in the inner region of a protoplanetary disk (r ≲ 1 au). This in turn affects planet formation. Recently, the effect of disk wind torque has been considered with the suggestion that it would carve out the surface density of the disk from inside and would induce global gas flows (wind-driven accretion).

Aims. We aim to investigate effects of global gas flows on type I migration and also examine planet formation.

Methods. A simplified approach was taken to address this issue, and N-body simulations with isolation-mass planets were also performed.

Results. In previous studies, the effect of gas flow induced by turbulence-driven accretion has been taken into account for its desaturation effect of the corotation torque. If more rapid gas flows (e.g., wind-driven accretion) are considered, the desaturation effect can be modified. In MRI-inactive disks, in which the wind-driven accretion dominates the disk evolution, the gas flow at the midplane plays an important role. If this flow is fast, the corotation torque is efficiently desaturated. Then, the fact that the surface density slope can be positive in the inner region due to the wind torque can generate an outward migration region extended to super-Earth mass planets. In this case, we observe that no planets fall onto the central star in N-body simulations with migration forces imposed to reproduce such migration pattern. We also see that super-Earth mass planets can undergo outward migration.

Conclusions. Relatively rapid gas flows affects type I migration and thus the formation of close-in planets.
The formation of the Milky Way halo and its dwarf satellites; a NLTE-1D abundance analysis
Authors: Mashonkina L. , Jablonka P. , Sitnova T. , Pakhomov Yu. , North P.
Published: October 2017

We present the non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) abundances of up to 10 chemical species in a sample of 59 very metal-poor (VMP, −4 ≤ [Fe/H] ≾−2) stars in seven dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) and in the Milky Way (MW) halo. Our results are based on high-resolution spectroscopic datasets and homogeneous and accurate atmospheric parameters determined in Paper I. We show that once the NLTE effects are properly taken into account, all massive galaxies in our sample, that is, the MW halo and the classical dSphs Sculptor, Ursa Minor, Sextans, and Fornax, reveal a similar plateau at [α/Fe] ≃ 0.3 for each of the α-process elements: Mg, Ca, and Ti. We put on a firm ground the evidence for a decline in α/Fe with increasing metallicity in the Boötes I ultra-faint dwarf galaxy (UFD), that is most probably due to the ejecta of type Ia supernovae. For Na/Fe, Na/Mg, and Al/Mg, the MW halo and all dSphs reveal indistinguishable trends with metallicity, suggesting that the processes of Na and Al synthesis are identical in all systems, independent of their mass. The dichotomy in the [Sr/Ba] versus [Ba/H] diagram is observed in the classical dSphs, similarly to the MW halo, calling for two different nucleosynthesis channels for Sr. We show that Sr in the massive galaxies is well correlated with Mg suggesting a strong link to massive stars and that its origin is essentially independent of Ba, for most of the [Ba/H] range. Our three UFDs, that is Boötes I, UMa II, and Leo IV, are depleted in Sr and Ba relative to Fe and Mg, with very similar ratios of [Sr/Mg] ≃−1.3 and [Ba/Mg] ≃−1 on the entire range of their Mg abundances. The subsolar Sr/Ba ratios of Boötes I and UMa II indicate a common r-process origin of their neutron-capture elements. Sculptor remains the classical dSph, in which the evidence for inhomogeneous mixing in the early evolution stage, at [Fe/H] <−2, is the strongest.
Reappraisal of the burrowing lobsterAxius(Malacostraca: Decapoda: Axiidea) in the fossil record with notes on palaeobiogeography and description of a new species
Authors: Hyžný Matúš , Jakobsen Sten Lennart , Fraaije René H. B.
Published: October 2017

The fossil record of the burrowing lobsterAxiusis reviewed. A diagnosis based on the characters with preservation potential is supplied.Plioaxius lineadactylusFraaijeet al., 2011, from the Pliocene of Belgium and the Netherlands is considered congeneric with the type species ofAxius. As a consequence,Plioaxiusis considered a junior subjective synonym ofAxius. A newly described species,Axius hofstedtaefrom the late Oligocene of Denmark is considered the oldest unequivocal representative ofAxius. Both fossil species,A. hofstedtaen. sp. andA. lineadactylusn. comb., share numerous morphological characters with extantAxius stirhynchus. Scarcity of the Cenozoic Axiidae is ascribed to lack of study of the fossil record of this group rather than to low fossilization potential of its representatives. A preliminary scenario of the migration ofAxiusbased on the scarce fossil record suggests the origin in the Western Tethys and subsequent dispersal westward into the West Atlantic and eastward into the West Pacific.
New thylacocephalans from the Cretaceous Lagerstätten of Lebanon
Authors: Charbonnier Sylvain , Teruzzi Giorgio , Audo Denis , Lasseron Maxime , Haug Carolin , Haug Joachim T.
Published: October 2017

Thylacocephalans (Euarthropoda, Thylacocephala) are characterized by their “bivalved” carapace and three anterior prehensile appendages. It is still not clear how they used to live, or what their evolutionary history is. This study focuses on new thylacocephalans from the Late Cretaceous Konservat-Lagerstätten of Lebanon, which yielded the youngest representatives of the group. Three new genera and species are described in the Cenomanian sublithographic limestones of Hakel and Hadjoula, and two new genera and one new species are described in the Santonian chalky limestones of Sahel Alma. Among the specimens from Hakel and Hadjoula, Paradollocaris vannieri, Thylacocaris schrami and Globulacaris garassinoi are the first reports of thylacocephalans in the Cenomanian of Lebanon. Paradollocaris and Thylacocaris are assigned to Dollocarididae based upon their large optic notches limited by rostral and antero-ventral processes, their hypertrophied eyes, and their posterior notches with dorsal and ventral spines. Moreover, Thylacocaris presents a very peculiar character: an optic notch with two strong optic spines protecting the eye. Globulocaris is assigned to Protozoeidae based upon its small carapace with a distinct dorsal notch anterior to a strong postero-dorsal spine. Among the specimens from Sahel Alma, Keelicaris deborae is a new form of thylacocephalans in the Santonian of Lebanon. It presents a very unusual keel-shaped carapace with terraces and punctuations, and is assigned to Microcarididae. The new genus Hamaticaris, presenting a very peculiar hooked rostrum, is also erected for Protozoea damesi Roger, 1946 (Roger J. 1946. Invertébrés des couches à poissons du Crétacé supérieur du Liban. Mémoires de la Société géologique de France (Nouvelle série) 51: 5–92). These two species add to the well-known thylacocephalans from Sahel Alma: Pseuderichtus cretaceus Dames, 1886 (Dames W. 1886. Ueber einige Crustaceen aus den Kreideablagerungen des Libanon. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 38: 551–575), Protozoea hilgendorfi Dames, 1886 and Thylacocephalus cymolopos Lange et al., 2001 (Lange S, Hof CHJ, Schram FR, Steeman FA. 2001. New genus and species from the Cretaceous of Lebanon links the Thylacocephala to the Crustacea. Palaeontology 44 (5): 905–912). The occurrence of such diverse fauna of thylacocephalans markedly increases the diversity of the group during the Late Cretaceous. The diversity and abundance of the Sahel Alma thylacocephalans pose also the problem of causes of their disappearance from the fossil record after the Santonian.
Ypresian Decapod Crustacean faunas from the coral-algal environments in the Eastern Lessini Mountains (Vicenza and Verona territory − NE Italy): a comparative analysis
Authors: Beschin Claudio , Busulini Alessandra , Calvagno Matteo , Tessier Giuliano , Zorzin Roberto
Published: October 2017

A comparative analysis of the Crustacean faunas found in Ypresian bioconstructions cropping out in the Eastern Lessini Mountains is carried out. The fossiliferous sites are: Contrada Gecchelina at Monte di Malo, San Pietro Mussolino, Vestenanova, and the Bolca area (Vicenza; Verona – NE Italy). The high value of the Shannon-Weaver biodiversity index calculated for these buildups confirms the hypothesis of the existence during the Early Eocene of a large lagoon characterized by shallow water and patch reefs. Juvenile specimens ofGecchelicarcinus lorigaeandAlponella paleogenicaare described.
A Comparative Evaluation of Risk Factors and Various Antibiotic Regimens in Postoperative Neurosurgical Infections: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Shetty R. , Dwarakanath S. , Veena Kumari H.B. , Sampath S. , Chandramouli B.A.
Published: October 2017

Introduction Postoperative neurosurgical infections are a major problem, and the importance of keeping them to an absolute minimum cannot but be overemphasized. In this prospective study, we plan to evaluate the efficacy of three antibiotic regimens designed keeping the availability, affordability, and efficacy upon the common bacterial flora isolated at our center. We will also analyze the incidence and evaluate the risk factors of surgical site infections following clean, nonimplant, fresh, elective craniotomies.

Material and Methods This prospective randomized control study was conducted at our institute, a tertiary referral center, for a period of 2 years. The study cohort included all patients undergoing clean, nonimplant, fresh, elective craniotomies at our institute. The antibiotic protocol was chosen according to the current bacterio-epidemiological data based on the prevalence of infectious agent. One of the three drug regimens was chosen.

Results The results of univariate analysis revealed that there are multiple factors that are significantly associated with postoperative surgical site infection. In the multivariate analysis, only the presence of cerebrospinal fluid leak was the most significant factor associated with postoperative infections. Among the three different antibiotic regimens, cefazolin and amoxicillin–clavulanic acid were much better prophylactic agents for preventing surgical site infections when compared with cefotaxime.

Conclusion The present study has provided an insight into the incidence and risk factors contributing to surgical site infections as well as the efficacious antibiotic regimen protocols. The present study is one of the few studies to compare the efficacy of different antibiotic regimen protocols and also prospectively analyze the factors contributing to postoperative infections. This study will help us in optimizing the prophylaxis protocols and prevent emergence of multidrug-resistant strains, especially in a country like India.
Impact of 5 Days of Sprint Training in Hypoxia on Performance and Muscle Energy Substances
Authors: Kasai Nobukazu , Kojima Chihiro , Sumi Daichi , Takahashi Hideyuki , Goto Kazushige , Suzuki Yasuhiro
Published: October 2017

The present study was designed to determine the effect of 5 consecutive days of repeated sprint training under hypoxia on anaerobic performance and energy substances. Nineteen male sprinters performed repeated sprints for 5 consecutive days under a hypoxic (HYPO; fraction of inspired oxygen [FiO2], 14.5%) or normoxic (NOR; FiO2, 20.9%) condition. Before and after the training period, 10-s maximal sprint, repeated sprint ability (5×6-s sprints), 30-s maximal sprint, and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) tests were conducted. Muscle glycogen and PCr contents were evaluated using carbon magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C-MRS) and phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS), respectively. The HYPO group showed significant increases in power output during the 10-s maximal sprint (P=0.004) and repeated sprint test (P=0.004), whereas the NOR group showed no significant change after the training period. Muscle glycogen and PCr contents increased significantly in both groups (P<0.05, respectively). However, relative increases were not significantly different between groups. These findings indicated that 5 consecutive days of repeated sprint training under hypoxic conditions increased maximal power output in competitive sprinters. Furthermore, short-term sprint training significantly augmented muscle glycogen and PCr contents with little added benefit from training in hypoxia.