bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceived Value of Socialization in Enhancing Interprofessional Communication and Collaboration among Healthcare Professionals at Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad
Authors: Khowaja Arina , Wilson Nasreen Rebecca , Junejo Zafarullah , Khowaja Ali Akbar , Soomro Suhail Ahmed , Burdi Bisharat Ali
Published: December 2024

Background: Interprofessional collaboration (IPC) is essential in healthcare settings for improving patient care. IPC fosters holistic and integrated care by combining the diverse skills of healthcare professionals, including physicians, nurses, and pharmacists. This cooperative strategy ensures effective resource management, reduces errors, and optimizes patient outcomes, ultimately addressing complex health needs and enhancing overall patient well-being.
Objective: The study aimed to analyze the perceived value of socialization in enhancing interprofessional communication and collaboration among healthcare professionals at Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from July to September 2024, using a validated research questionnaire. The study included a sample of 100 healthcare professionals working in the morning shift, selected through a non-probability convenience sampling technique. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23, with descriptive statistics employed to compile demographic information and key study variables.
Results: The findings of the study identified that the integrated healthcare system significantly improved collaboration among healthcare workers, with a balanced gender distribution (51% male, 49% female) fostering positive interprofessional interactions. Participants reported high comfort levels in discussing client care responsibilities and valued multidisciplinary teamwork. The emphasis on client and family involvement in care decisions reflects the trend toward patient-centered care.
Conclusion: It was concluded that socialization significantly enhances interprofessional communication and collaboration among healthcare professionals. The study highlights that social interactions improve teamwork and effective communication, which are essential for high-quality care. The diverse workforce, with balanced gender representation and a youthful demographic, fosters an inclusive environment.
SURVEY OF FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH LONG STANDING WORKING HOURS AND FOOTWEAR AMONG FEMALES
Authors: Younas Muhammad Waqar , Tayyab Iman , Arooj Esha , Ali Zain , Zafar Marium
Published: December 2024

Background: Prolonged standing hours, footwear and BMI has a positive impact on functional limitations. Prolonged standing occupations are defined by the time in which employees spend more than 50% of their working shift in standing position. Up to 58% of women encounter musculoskeletal disorders associated with their occupation. Moreover, women face a 42% higher risk compared to men. Footwear acts as a crucial link between workers and their surroundings, impacting posture, movement patterns, and the distribution of forces across the body.
Objective: To find the prevalence of functional limitations associated with prolonged standing working hours and footwear among female workers.
Methodology: This cross-sectional survey study was conducted in pharmaceutical companies in Faisalabad over a period of 4 months. The study involved 278 female workers with standing jobs, selected using non-probability purposive sampling. Participants were aged 25-40, with at least one year of standing job experience, and spent over three hours daily standing. Exclusions included recent trauma, fractures, surgeries, congenital foot disorders, and pregnancy. Data was collected using the Foot and Ankle Disability Index (FADI) and analysed with SPSS version 20. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.
Result: In total 278 female participants were selected. The majority of participants (54.3%) were between 25-30 years old, with 42.1% having 4-6 years of working experience, and 61.5% standing for 7-8 hours a day. Most participants (37.1%) had a normal weight BMI, and 76.3% experienced foot and ankle pain.
Conclusion: This study shows high prevalence of functional limitations and has significant association with BMI, prolonged standing hours and footwear. In conclusion, the study found that foot and ankle pain is prevalent (76.3%).  High heels, long standing hours, and high BMI increased the possibility of foot and ankle pain.
CLINICAL AND RADIOGRAPHICAL EFFICACY OF FORMOCRESOL AND MINERAL TRIOXIDE AGGREGATE PULPOTOMY AMONG PRIMARY MOLARS
Authors: Zia Shahnoor , Shah Syed Atta Ullah , Kanwal Sana , Fahad khan  , Naila Amir Ali  , Talha Asad khan  , Raisani Sher Afgan , Habib Muhammad Farrukh
Published: December 2024

Background: Pulpotomy is a commonly performed procedure in pediatric dentistry aimed at preserving the health and function of primary teeth affected by pulpitis. Traditionally, Formocresol has been widely used due to its antibacterial properties; however, concerns regarding its potential toxicity and long-term effects on dental tissues have led to the exploration of alternative materials. Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) has emerged as a promising option due to its biocompatibility and regenerative capabilities, which may offer better clinical and radiographical outcomes. Understanding the comparative effectiveness of these materials is crucial for optimizing treatment protocols and improving patient outcomes in pediatric dental care.
Objective: To determine the clinical and radiographical efficacy of Formocresol and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate pulpotomy among primary molars
Methods: A quasi-experimental interventional study was conducted at Sandeman Provincial Hospital, Quetta, from October 2021 to October 2023. A total of 382 patients presenting with postoperative pain were randomly divided into two groups, with 191 individuals in each group. Group A received Formocresol, while Group B was treated with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). Clinical parameters, including pain, tenderness, and swelling, were evaluated at baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months post-treatment using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Periapical radiographs were also taken at these intervals to monitor pulp healing and surrounding structures. Data was collected and analyzed using SPSS version 26.0.
Results: Out of 382 patients, with male 195 (51.04%) and 187 (48.9%) were female. Patients were divided into 2 groups. At the 6-month follow-up, 4(2.09% of patients in Group A experienced pain, whereas no patients in Group B reported pain. Periapical radiolucency was observed in 23(12.04%) of patients in Group A at 6 months compared to only 7(3.66%) in Group B. t-tests indicated that Group B (MTA) had significantly better clinical and radiographical outcomes compared to Group A (Formocresol) at all follow-up intervals (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: MTA demonstrates superior clinical and radiographical efficacy compared to Formocresol in pulpotomy procedures for primary molars.
PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION AND ITS IMPACT ON QUALITY OF SLEEP AMONG VARIOUS STAGES OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Abrar Muhammad , Murtaza Hussain Sayed , Intsam Aslam  , Muhammad Abbas  , Khan Sehrish , Kanwal Ramsha
Published: December 2024

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease characterized by chronic pain and impaired mobility, which contribute significantly to psychological distress and poor sleep quality, elevating the overall disease burden.
Objective: This study aims to determine the frequency of depression across different stages of knee OA and to evaluate its impact on sleep quality.
Methods: Data were collected from 184 participants aged 45 to 70 years using non-probability convenience sampling. Depression was assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, sleep quality was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and knee OA severity was graded using the Kellgren and Lawrence system. The sample consisted of 110 males (59.8%) and 74 females (40.2%).
Results: Of the total participants, 49.5% (n=91) showed no signs of depression. Mild depression symptoms were observed in 14.7% (n=27), moderate symptoms in another 14.7% (n=27), and severe symptoms were found in 21.2% (n=39). Sleep quality analysis revealed that while 52.2% reported good sleep quality, 22.8% had poor sleep, and 25% experienced severe disturbances.
Conclusion: The study underscores a clear correlation between the severity of knee OA and the incidence of depression, which significantly affects sleep quality. Addressing mental health issues in these patients could improve sleep and overall well-being.
WORK RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL SYMPTOMS AND THEIR ERGONOMIC RISK FACTORS AMONG SURGEONS OF PESHAWAR
Authors: Shinwari Naeem Ullah , Sikander Muhammad Suleman , Haider Mehwish , Jan Syed Issam Ullah , Hassan Muhammad , Naz Maria
Published: December 2024

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are prominent causes of occupational injuries globally, affecting numerous professionals, particularly surgeons. These disorders, often resulting from prolonged static postures, repetitive movements, and the utilization of surgical instruments, lead to significant pain and disability.
Objective: To assess the prevalence and ergonomic risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal symptoms among surgeons in Peshawar.
Methods: This observational study spanned six months, with data collection over a two-month period using the Quick Exposure Check and Musculoskeletal Health Questionnaire. A total of 180 surgeons were selected through convenience sampling to participate.
Results: Among the participants, 135 were male and 45 female, predominantly aged between 30 to 35 years. The study identified a mild to moderate correlation between musculoskeletal pain and head and neck activities, which were more significant compared to the slight associations observed with shoulder and back activities.
Conclusion: The study highlights a mild prevalence of musculoskeletal pain predominantly caused by head and neck activities among surgeons, overshadowing the lesser impact of shoulder and back movements. These findings suggest the need for focused ergonomic interventions to mitigate the primary risks identified.
PREVALENCE OF CALF PAIN IN DIABETIC PATIENTS OF CITY LAHORE
Authors: Muhammad Hamza  , Masood Momina , Maryam Huda , Khan Abdul Jalal , Ali Kainat , Javed Hassan
Published: December 2024

Background: Calf pain is a common complaint among diabetic patients, which may be exacerbated by occupational demands and disease duration. Understanding its prevalence and associated factors can guide targeted interventions to improve patient outcomes.
Objective: To determine the frequency of calf pain among diabetic patients in Lahore.
Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized a non-random convenient sampling technique to collect data from 150 diabetic patients in in Lahore from August 2023 to January 2024. Participants provided consent to report on the incidence of calf pain. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.
Results: The findings indicate that a significant 74.7% of participants (112 out of 150) experienced calf pain. Notably, 36% of these individuals worked between 15-18 hours daily. Furthermore, 62.7% suffered from bilateral calf pain, and 66% had been diagnosed with diabetes for five years or less.
Conclusion: The study highlights a pronounced prevalence of calf pain among diabetic patients, closely associated with long working hours and shorter duration of diabetes. This underscores the necessity for strategies focusing on reducing work-related stress and optimizing diabetes management to alleviate calf pain.
FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF FLEXIBLE TITANIUM NAILS IN PAEDIATRIC WITH FEMORAL SHAFT FRACTURES
Authors: Syed Baqir Hussain Jafree  , Shafqat Waseem  , Muhammad Qasim  , Shoaib Saleem  , Hafiz Muhammad Shiraz  , Shuja uddin
Published: December 2024

Background: Femoral shaft fractures are among the most common long bone fractures in the pediatric population, with a higher incidence in boys and typically resulting from falls, accidents, or trauma. Effective treatment aims to maintain bone length and alignment while minimizing discomfort for the patient and inconvenience for the family. Flexible intramedullary nailing has emerged as a preferred method for pediatric femoral fractures due to its simplicity, favorable healing rates, and low complication risk.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the functional outcomes of pediatric femoral shaft fractures treated with flexible titanium intramedullary nails.
Methods: A descriptive case series was conducted in the Orthopaedic Surgery Unit-II at Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, over six months from September 16, 2021, to March 16, 2022. A total of 60 pediatric patients, aged 4-11 years with femoral shaft fractures, underwent retrograde intramedullary nailing using two nails of identical diameter under image guidance. Patients were monitored in three-week intervals until radiological union was confirmed. Data analysis was performed with SPSS 25.0, stratified by gender and age, with statistical significance determined by a Chi-square test at p ≤ 0.05.
Results: The final sample included 46 male (76.7%) and 14 female (23.3%) patients, with a mean age of 7.18 years (SD ± 2.259). Based on Flynn’s criteria, 96.7% (58 patients) demonstrated satisfactory functional outcomes, with 60.0% (36 patients) rated as “excellent,” 30.0% (18 patients) as “good,” and 6.7% (4 patients) as “fair,” while only 3.3% (2 patients) had “poor” outcomes.
Conclusion: Flexible intramedullary nailing is an effective method for treating simple pediatric femoral shaft fractures, providing strong functional outcomes with minimal complications, supporting its role as a reliable treatment option in pediatric orthopedics.
IMPLEMENTATION OF NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING (NLP) IN EHR SYSTEMS TO IMPROVE CLINICAL DOCUMENTATION
Authors: Siddiqui Muhammad Ahmad , Mahwish Mumtaz Niazi  , Muhammad Danial Ahmad Qureshi  , Ali Hamza Arshad  , Aleem Ejaz  , Ghulam Ali
Published: December 2024

Background: Electronic health records (EHRs) store valuable clinical data, often in unstructured narrative formats that require manual extraction. This process is time-consuming, costly, and error-prone. Natural language processing (NLP) offers a promising solution for automating data extraction, improving research efficiency, and maintaining accuracy. However, its generalizability and reliability remain areas of active investigation. This study evaluates the performance of an NLP tool for extracting clinical conditions, medications with dosage, and echocardiographic parameters compared to manual retrieval.
Objective: To assess the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of an NLP tool for extracting clinical data from unstructured EHR narratives, validating its performance against manual data extraction methods.
Methods: This prospective study was conducted in three tertiary care hospitals in Punjab, Pakistan, from December 2023 to May 2024. A total of 500 participants were included, stratified by urban (68%, 340) and rural (32%, 160) residency. The NLP tool extracted 5,700 data points across three categories: 3,000 clinical conditions, 1,500 medications with dosage, and 1,200 echocardiographic parameters. Performance metrics, including accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, were calculated by comparing the tool's results with manual retrieval. Discrepancies were analyzed to identify root causes, including algorithmic and human errors.
Results: The NLP tool achieved an accuracy of 98.5%, sensitivity of 96.7%, and specificity of 97.2%, closely aligning with manual retrieval at 99.0%, 97.5%, and 97.8%, respectively. For clinical conditions, the tool retrieved 2,955 of 3,000 data points correctly (98.5%), while manual retrieval achieved 2,970 (99.0%). For medications with dosage, the tool extracted 1,452 of 1,500 data points (96.8%) compared to 1,488 (99.2%) manually. Similarly, 1,178 of 1,200 echocardiographic parameters (98.2%) were correctly retrieved by the tool, compared to 1,185 (98.8%) through manual methods. Urban participants (242 males, 98 females) outnumbered rural participants (106 males, 54 females), with the majority aged 31–70 years (75%).
Conclusion: The NLP tool demonstrated high accuracy and near-human precision in extracting structured data from unstructured EHR narratives. Its performance across clinical conditions, medications, and echocardiographic parameters highlights its potential to streamline clinical research while reducing manual workload. Further refinement is required to address context-sensitive errors and enhance generalizability across diverse datasets.
Knowledge & Practice about Personal Hygiene among Primary School Students in Rural Chattogram, Bangladesh
Authors: Dutta Shovit
Published: December 2024

Personal hygiene aids in the disease prevention and health promotion. It is vital in every phase of life, but good cleanliness behavior starts in childhood. Poor hand cleanliness consistently causes gastrointestinal infections. Health education promotes hand washing, which reduces communicable diseases among schoolchildren. This study evaluated the level of knowledge and practices of the personal hygiene and also to assess the association between proper knowledge and practice of personal hygiene among primary school children in rural Chattogram. The study followed the cross-sectional descriptive study design and primary data collection technique has been used to collect the data by using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of both open and close-ended questions. This study was conducted among the primary school students of two primary schools located at Chadanaish Upazila, Chattogram, Pathandandi Government Primary School & East Chandanaish Government Primary School from October 2022 to April 2023. The study included N=250 primary school children. Most of them were females 129 (51.6%), and all of them were rural resident with their age ranged between 6-10 years and median age 8 years. More than three quarters of the children knew the importance of hand washing (81.2%), cleaning ear (84.3%) and importance of hand washing with soap (85.6%). On the other hand more than half of them had a special towel and comb. About two thirds of children (65.6%) had well to moderate knowledge with more than half (55.2%) had good practice. Male children had a better knowledge and practice than female ones. Residence had no significant effect on children knowledge and practice. Primary school student’s knowledge and practices about personal hygiene were deficient in some aspects.
Social significance of Dushyant Kumar's poetry
Authors: Chaudhary Divakar
Published: December 2024

Through his works, Dushyant Kumar communicates with the problems prevailing in his contemporary country and society and also makes a literary effort to resolve them. His social outlook is humanistic, hence it expresses a strong expression of reality and a sharp and sarcastic attack on the conservative system and the cycle of exploitation. As he himself has said, he does not write just to create a ruckus, i.e. just for fame, controversy or writing, but he wants a change in the current system. Therefore, he expresses the reality of the current country and society and takes creative initiatives to solve it. This is also because he has expressed what he saw, experienced and felt, that is why the reality expressed in his poetry is so effective. In his own words –

'The one whom I cover and spread out.

I will recite that ghazal for you.
Indo- Russian Collaboration and Growing Influence in South Asia: An Analysis
Authors: Batool Atiqa , Muzaffar Dr. Muhammad
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyse the Indo- Russian collaboration and its growing Influence in South Asia. Russia’s involvement in South Asia is a reflection of its larger plan to uphold regional stability while making sure that its alliances especially with India help it achieve its geopolitical goals on a worldwide scale. Russia regards India as a significant ally in balancing Western dominance as it works to remain relevant in a multipolar world. To conduct this study Qualitative methodology has been used with respect to analytical approach. This Paper highlights Indo- Russian collaboration such as defence, trade, economic collaboration and cooperation in organizations like SCO and BRICS, that has become increasingly prominent in recent years. The main inspiration of the study was to understand Collaboration of Russia with India as a result of geopolitical and geostrategic considerations. Therefore, this study recommends that India and Russia must act politically maturely for long-term relationship to last. Additionally, India must have enhanced its regional power by cultivating closer ties with Russia. In this way both countries gain strategically and economically from one another by embracing cooperation in several fields.
Globalization and the Erosion of National Sovereignty: Challenges and Transformations
Authors: Khizar Dr. Sundas , Siddique Sidra
Published: December 2024

In the contemporary world, globalization has a vital impact on National Sovereignty. The concept of state sovereignty is collapsing due to globalization, monetary unions, and organizations like the United Nations, World Trade Organization, and International Monetary Fund. This article seeks how nation states have responded to these difficulties, highlighting the ways in which globalization has influenced sovereignty and the ways in which it has altered state authority. The article addresses both the advantages and disadvantages of globalization on a broader scale. Several approaches are used to assess how national sovereignty is affected by globalization and vice versa; however, in this article, a hybrid approach is employed. To fully investigate the phenomenon, both qualitative and quantitative methods will be employed. The concept of sovereignty has long been closely linked to the country, but globalization has exposed it to numerous challenges, leading to increased dependency in various areas such as economy, law, politics, military, and culture. Our aim is to examine the extent to which state authority has been impacted by globalization.
Russian-Iranian Military Cooperation in Syria: A Case Study of Proxy Warfare
Authors: Zakria Saad , Shoukat Waqas , Ali Rizwan , Nadeem Mahnoor
Published: December 2024

This paper discusses Russian-Iranian military cooperation in the Syrian conflict as one of the most significant cases of proxy warfare in the modern world. Coming out from the 2011 Arab Spring uprisings, the Syrian crisis has transformed into a complex theatre of global and regional power plays. The Russia-Iran partnership on mutual resistance to Western supremacy: Russia is trying to hold on to its strategic position in the Middle East, while Iran is striving to create a "Shiite crescent" that would balance out its Sunni competitors. It shows how proxy warfare has evolved to become a kind of war, combining state-level resources with asymmetrical tactics that shift the balance of the battlefield. The multipolar world order, as can be seen in the case of global geopolitics, reflects wider implications of such cooperation and also gives a reason for reflection regarding whether such hybrid alliances are sustainable and may serve as a model for future proxy conflicts. The two have been working to defend the Assad regime against attempts from the West to reform the region that has been thwarting American hegemony and recasting the contours of modern war.
Motivational Factors Affecting University Students’ Participation in Sports Betting
Authors: Toy Ali Burak
Published: December 2024

This study was conducted to determine the motivations for gambling among university students who participate in sports betting. The sample of the research consists of 137 students (mean age 22±54) studying at Ardahan University. The data collection tools used in the study included a personal information form and the “Gambling Motivation Scale” developed by Chantal et al., and adapted to Turkish by Karlı, comprising 28 items assessing motivations for gambling. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out using computer software. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test indicated that the data were normally distributed. Arithmetic mean (x), frequency (f), Independent Samples t-test for pairwise comparisons, and one-way ANOVA test for comparisons of means across more than two groups were applied to analyze the data. The research findings revealed significant differences in gambling motivation levels among university students based on variables such as the degree of addiction, frequency of betting, and the duration of betting participation.
Sports Product Market Dynamics in Europe: Consumption and Production Insights
Authors: Alma Savaş Dilek
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the evolution of the sports industry in Europe through an analysis of three critical dimensions: consumption patterns, government expenditure, and employment and production trends. It investigates the growing demand for sports-related goods and services, highlighting shifts in consumer behavior driven by an increasing focus on health, wellness, and the cultural significance of sports. The study also explores government spending on the sports sector, revealing consistent public investment, which underscores the importance of sports in national economic and social policies. Additionally, employment trends and the production of sports-related goods are analyzed to assess the sector's expanding economic impact, demonstrating the sports industry’s role in job creation and economic output. The findings indicate a general upward trend in engagement with the sports sector across Europe, with higher consumption rates observed in wealthier nations. However, the overall trend shows increasing participation and consumption in lower-income countries as well. The paper concludes that the sports industry is emerging as a significant economic and cultural force in Europe, with its continued growth likely to influence future public policies, economic strategies, and consumer behaviors.
Besari, Humanity, and Tegalsarian Network: An Introductory Note
Authors: Rohmatulloh Dawam Multazamy , Huda Muhammad Muchlish
Published: December 2024

We are delighted to introduce and launch Besari: Journal of Social and Cultural Studies through this inaugural article. Here we briefly present the legacy left by Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari of Pesantren Tegalsari in Ponorogo, Indonesia, and its significance and importance on current ideas and realities, especially about the development of Islam in Indonesia and Indonesian Islam. By perpetuating the name of the kiai as this journal name, we do not only expect to inherit the legacy, but also understand the value behind the name, Besari, which contains concepts of ukhuwah basyariyah, the brotherhood of humanity, Islam as a religion of salvation, and humanitarian Islam. Therefore, through this inaugural article, we are delighted to introduce Besari: Journal of Social and Cultural Studies to those feeling invited to answer the call for humanity, call for Besari.
Antropomorfisme dalam Taqrīrāt Jawharat al-Tawhīd: Analisis Sosiolinguistik Penafsiran KH. Maimun Zubair
Authors: Fariza Abdullah Ahmad
Published: December 2024

Qur’anic interpretation has been identified with the book of tafsir (kutub al-tafāsīr), which often ignores the interpretations scattered in non-tafsir books, such as Taqrīrāt Jawharat al-Tawḥīd by KH. Maimun Zubair. Concerned with examining and analyzing his interpretation on anthropomorphism verses in that book, the researcher used a descriptive-analytical method with the conceptual framework of narrative structure analysis theory by William Labov and Joshua Waletzky. This research found that KH. Maimun Zubair strongly rejected at understanding verses that connote anthropomorphism using the tajsīm method and supported interpretation through the tafwīḍ and ta’wīl method by giving takhyīr (freedom to choose among two options). Not only being moderate and progressive, by doing so, KH. Maimun Zubair has indirectly offered the solution for taqlid problems.
 
Tafsir selama ini identik dengan kitab tafsir (kutub al-tafāsīr) yang seringkali mengabaikan tafsir-tafsir yang tersebar dalam kitab-kitab non tafsir, seperti Taqrīrāt Jawharat al-Tawḥīd karya KH. Maimun Zubair. Untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis tafsirnya terhadap ayat-ayat antropomorfisme dalam Taqrīrāt Jauharat al-Tauḥīd, peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitis dengan kerangka konseptual teori analisis struktur naratif oleh William Labov dan Joshua Waletzky. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa KH. Maimun Zubair menolak keras penafsiran ayat-ayat yang mengandung makna antropomorfisme dengan metode tajsīm dan mendukung penafsiran dengan metode tafwīḍ dan ta’wīl dengan memberikan takhyīr (kebebasan memilih di antara dua pilihan). Selain bersikap moderat dan progresif, dengan demikian, KH. Maimun Zubair secara tidak langsung juga menawarkan solusi untuk masalah taqlid yang selama ini mengakar dalam masyarakat.
Assessment of the In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Ficus alba and Ficus carica Latex
Authors: Aslan Rukiye
Published: December 2024

Objective: Ficus alba and Ficus carica, both belonging to the Moraceae family, have been utilized in traditional medicine for many years due to their antimicrobial, antifungal, and antioxidant properties. In the present study, the antimicrobial activities of latex samples from Ficus alba and Ficus carica were evaluated against various microorganisms, including the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 70063), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), and Acinetobacter baumannii (ATCC 17978). Additionally, the study assessed the activity against Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213) and Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), as well as the yeast-like fungus Candida albicans (ATCC 10231).
Methods: Both of the latex samples were collected from the south-western region of Türkiye. The microbial inoculums were adjusted according to the McFarland 0.5 standard and antimicrobial activity was assessed according to the standard disc diffusion method of European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST).
Results: Both types of latex samples of Ficus sp. exhibited strong antimicrobial activity. The most potent antimicrobial activity was observed against C. albicans (15.3 mm). The strongest antibacterial activity was observed against E. coli (13.3 mm) among the six different bacterial species tested, while the weakest antibacterial effect was observed against A. baumannii (8.3 mm). The antimicrobial activity of F. carica latex was found to be more potent than that of F. alba latex.
Conclusion: The findings support the potential use of this latex as natural antimicrobial agents, particularly in the battle against pathogens that are developing antibiotic resistance. It is recommended that further investigation be conducted into the phytochemical components of these plants and latex, with a view to their potential future use in the pharmaceutical industry.
ECTOPIC DECIDUA MIMICKING METASTATIC LESIONS AND PERITONEAL TUBERCULES; DECIDUOSIS
Authors: Yeşil Çetinkaya Hande , Kurt Begüm , Yıldız Çağlar , Aydın Sedanur
Published: December 2024

AİM: Decidual cell groups outside the endometrium, "ectopic decidua" or "deciduosis", are commonly seen in the ovary and cervix. However, peritoneal localization is rare. Peritoneal deciduosis is usually an incidental histological finding in the form of white-yellow nodules resembling tuberculosis. Peritoneal deciduosis is macroscopically similar to peritoneal carcinomatosis and peritoneal tubercles, and microscopically may pose diagnostic difficulties with deciduoid mesothelioma, metastatic carcinoma and metastatic malignant melanoma. The purpose of this case report is to evaluate the clinical and histopathological features of ectopic decidua, which was detected as an incidental finding in the peritoneum and omentum during a cesarean section in our clinic, as it may mimic malignancy.
CASE: Multiple gray-white colored, raised nodules, the largest of which was 1 cm, were observed in the bladder peritoneum and omentum during laparotomy. Biopsies were taken from the peritoneum and omentum for histopathological examination. The pathological diagnosis was reported as deciduosis.
CONCLUSION: Although these lesions that we encountered during our laparotomies resemble metastatic malignant lesions and peritoneomental tubercles macroscopically, ectopic decidual tissue due to pregnancy is a benign lesion and resolves without any treatment in the postpartum period, and therefore should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis when we encounter such lesions.
Global Research Trends of Gut Microbiota in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Bibliometric and Visualized Analysis
Authors: Ülger Özbek Dilara , Demir Yurtseven Ecem
Published: December 2024

Objective: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic condition that imposes a great economic burden on the global scale and poses great risks to the health of both mothers and babies. Studies on the role of intestinal microbiota in diabetes are remarkable. This study aims to analyze the trends and basic components in studies investigating the relationship between diabetes and intestinal flora.
Methods: Publications on intestinal microbiota in GDM were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database (WoS) on February 14, 2024, covering the period from 2009, when the first study on this subject was conducted, to the present. RStudio (Biblioshiny) and VOSviewer (1.6.17) software were used in the bibliometric analysis. Editorial material, reviews, and letters were not included in the study.
Results: A total of 254 articles were obtained in this study. Although the number of publications has been increasing since 2017, the most studies on the subject were conducted in 2022 with 56 scientific articles. Endocrine metabolism is the field with the most publications. The most frequently used terms, as determined by the commonality analysis, are gut microbiota, obesity, and pregnancy.
Conclusions: This is the first bibliometric analysis on gut microbiota in GDM. Studies on gut microbiota in GDM have only been conducted in the last 16 years. Research on GDM and gut microbiota is increasing and attracting more and more attention from researchers. Looking ahead, it is clear that gut microbiota will continue to be a central focus in the field of diabetes research.
Diagnosis and Management of Dissemine İntravascular Coagulation
Authors: Korkmaz İlhan
Published: December 2024

The primary objective of this review is to define disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), which is a complication associated with a range of traumatic and non-traumatic conditions, and to provide insights into its underlying pathophysiology. Additionally, this review aims to emphasise the importance of early recognition of DIC, particularly in cases of thrombotic or haemorrhagic complications, and to highlight the benefits of prompt anticoagulant, blood product, and cryoprecipitate treatment in improving prognosis.
Investigation of the Synergistic Effect of Allium Polyanthum Schult Extract and Docetaxel on Apoptosis-Related Genes in Colorectal Cancer Cells and Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Tunçbilek Zuhal , Kabak Gonca , Siliğ Yavuz
Published: December 2024

Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a type of cancer with high mortality and widespread metastasis. The aim was to determine the expression levels of apoptosis-related genes in CRC cells treated with Allium polyanthum Schult plant extract and the combination of this plant extract with docetaxel.
Material and Method: Expression analyses of caspase-2 (CASP2), nuclear factor NF-kappa-B1 (NFKB1), apoptosis regulator BAX and proto-oncogene MYC genes that play a role in apoptosis in the CRC cell line HT-29 and the healthy colon cell line CCD-18Co, which were treated with only Allium polyanthum Schult plant extract and docetaxel together with this plant extract, were performed using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Bioinformatics analysis of relevant genes was performed using various databases.
Results: CASP2, MYC, NFKB1 and BAX gene expression was significantly decreased in CRC cells treated with the combination of Allium polyanthum Schult extract and docetaxel compared to healthy cells. As a result of bioinformatics analysis, it was found that CASP2, MYC, NFKB1 and BAX proteins interact with each other and the expression levels of their genes are associated with survival. In addition, the methylation status of CASP2 and NFKB1 has the potential to change protein levels by affecting epigenetic mechanisms in CRC.
Discussion: According to the information in the literature, it has been reported that Allium species affect genes in apoptotic pathways. Accordingly, Allium polyanthum Schult alone and in combination with docetaxel should be supported by further studies.
Unveiling the Prognostic Potential of SLC2A Gene Family in Glioblastoma Multiforme Using Bioinformatics Approaches
Authors: Taş Ayça , Siliğ Yavuz
Published: December 2024

Objective: Glioblastomas (GBMs) are invasive and metastatic cancers with very low overall survival rates. Therefore, it is very important to propose a new biomarker for GBM diagnosis and prognosis. For this purpose, we aimed to investigate the prognostic potential of the SLC2A gene family, which has great importance in cancer, in GBM.
Methods: Solute carrier 2A (SLC2A) gene family expression levels, methylation and overall survival rates were analyzed with TCGA, GEPIA and UALCAN databases. Mutations were evaluated with Kaplan-Meier Plot and UCSC Xena database. Protein-protein interactions were analyzed with String database.
Results: No statistically significant mutation was detected in the SLC2A gene family. As a result of the analysis, high expression in SLC2A1 and SLC2A5 genes and decrease in SLC2A6 gene expression were found to be statistically significant. Hypermethylation was detected in the promoter regions of SLC2A1, SLC2A2, SLC2A3 and SLC2A5 genes, while hypomethylation was detected in SLC2A4 and SLC2A6 genes. The increase in SLC2A3 gene expression was associated with the overall survival rate of the patients.
Conclusion: SLC2A1, SLC2A5 and SLC2A6 gene up-regulation may be a biomarker in the diagnosis of GBM, and SLC2A3 may be a marker in prognosis.
Guardianship for the "protection of public health" in the activities of local government authorities in Russia in the pre-reform period of the XIX century (using the example of the South Ural region)
Authors: Saihislamoh Rashit Badretdinovich , Kildigusheva Zaliya  Ramilevna
Published: December 2024

The article considers a poorly studied topic – an analysis of the historical experience of the development and improvement of public management of social processes in the field of healthcare in Russia. The geographical scope of the study covers the South Ural region, administratively - the Orenburg province. Designating the guiding function of the state in the case of guardianship, it is noted that the instruments for solving guardianship tasks (hence, the institutions of guardianship) were departmental bodies of central institutions that had their own local management structures. In this regard, the implementation of guardianship for the "protection of public health" by local government bodies in the Southern Urals is being considered – the provincial board, the order of public charity, the Chamber of State Property, the special office, the Orenburg Medical Board, the Orenburg Provincial Committee for the Cessation of Cholera, etc. It is noted that the strongest impetus for the activation of medical measures and protective measures in the field of healthcare was the outbreak of the cholera epidemic in the region in the 20 – 30s of the XIX century. The fight against cholera was limited to emergency anti–epidemic measures, and the care of the population during the epidemic was limited to medical and police measures: protection against the disease and the spread of the epidemic, cordoning off areas affected by cholera, and quarantine measures. A significant place in the article is devoted to the timely implementation of smallpox vaccinations – smallpox vaccination of the population in Russia becomes mandatory at the time under study: the governors and all departments of the region were obliged to attend to smallpox vaccination and report on the success of vaccination.
Synergistic effect of Celastrus paniculatus and Tribulus terrestris against chronic immobilisation stress-induced memory impairment, BDNF level and neuroinflammation
Authors: Haroun Baraka Babiker Bashir , Rao Bhagya Venkanna , Krishnamurthy Tanuja
Published: December 2024

Long-term stress exposure induces anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment. Previous research has established a correlation between chronic stress, memory deficits, and behavioral changes linked to neuroinflammation. Studies in both preclinical and clinical settings have highlighted the remarkable protective characteristics of herbal medicines. This research seeks to explore the positive impacts of Celastrus paniculatus Willd. (CP) and Tribulus terrestris L. (TT) in an experimental model of depression. Wistar rats were exposed to stress for 2 hours per day for 10 days in immobilization bags. After the stress induction, these rats were orally administered CP oil (400 mg/kg/day) and an ethanolic extract of TT (250 mg/kg/day) for 2 weeks. The observed increase in anxiety-like behavior, depressive-like behavior, and memory impairment in stressed rats aligns with previous research linking chronic stress exposure with neuropsychiatric disorders and cognitive dysfunction. The elevation of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, along with decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, further supports the involvement of neuroinflammation and neurotropic factors in stress-induced pathophysiology. The significant improvement in anxiety, depression, and memory deficits following CP and TT treatment suggests their potential as therapeutic agents against stress-related disorders. The restoration of BDNF levels and attenuation of neuroinflammation in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus underscore the mechanisms through which CP and TT exert their beneficial effects. Overall, our research highlights the importance of exploring natural compounds like CP and TT as potential adjunctive therapies for stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders, offering safer and potentially more accessible alternatives to conventional pharmacotherapy.
Electrostatics of Salt-Dependent Reentrant Phase Behaviors Highlights Diverse Roles of ATP in Biomolecular Condensates
Authors: Lin Yi-Hsuan , Kim Tae Hun , Das Suman , Pal Tanmoy , Wessén Jonas , Rangadurai Atul Kaushik , Kay Lewis E , Forman-Kay Julie D , Chan Hue Sun
Published: December 2024

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) involving intrinsically disordered protein regions (IDRs) is a major physical mechanism for biological membraneless compartmentalization. The multifaceted electrostatic effects in these biomolecular condensates are exemplified here by experimental and theoretical investigations of the different salt- and ATP-dependent LLPSs of an IDR of messenger RNA-regulating protein Caprinl and its phosphorylated variant pY-Caprinl, exhibiting, e.g., reentrant behaviors in some instances but not others. Experimental data are rationalized by physical modeling using analytical theory, molecular dynamics, and polymer field-theoretic simulations, indicating that interchain ion bridges enhance LLPS of polyelectrolytes such as Caprinl and the high valency of ATP-magnesium is a significant factor for its colocalization with the condensed phases, as similar trends are observed for other IDRs. The electrostatic nature of these features complements ATP’s involvement in π-related interactions and as an amphiphilic hydrotrope, underscoring a general role of biomolecular condensates in modulating ion concentrations and its functional ramifications.
Aberrant auditory prediction patterns robustly characterize tinnitus
Authors: Reisinger Lisa , Demarchi Gianpaolo , Obleser Jonas , Sedley William , Partyka Marta , Schubert Juliane , Gehmacher Quirin , Roesch Sebastian , Suess Nina , Trinka Eugen , Schlee Winfried , Weisz Nathan
Published: December 2024

Phantom perceptions like tinnitus occur without any identifiable environmental or bodily source. The mechanisms and key drivers behind tinnitus are poorly understood. The dominant framework, suggesting that tinnitus results from neural hyperactivity in the auditory pathway following hearing damage, has been difficult to investigate in humans and has reached explanatory limits. As a result, researchers have tried to explain perceptual and potential neural aberrations in tinnitus within a more parsimonious predictive-coding framework. In two independent magnetoencephalography studies, participants passively listened to sequences of pure tones with varying levels of regularity (i.e. predictability) ranging from random to ordered. Aside from being a replication of the first study, the pre-registered second study, including 80 participants, ensured rigorous matching of hearing status, as well as age, sex, and hearing loss, between individuals with and without tinnitus. Despite some changes in the details of the paradigm, both studies equivalently reveal a group difference in neural representation, based on multivariate pattern analysis, of upcoming stimuli before their onset. These data strongly suggest that individuals with tinnitus engage anticipatory auditory predictions differently to controls. While the observation of different predictive processes is robust and replicable, the precise neurocognitive mechanism underlying it calls for further, ideally longitudinal, studies to establish its role as a potential contributor to, and/or consequence of, tinnitus.
Are Open Access Ebooks Accessible?
Authors: Hellman Eric , Snijder Ronald
Published: December 2024

The ideals of open access do not exclude the blind and reading-disabled, but the realities of limited funding frequently do. In this work, we survey the 36,000 open-access ebooks and chapters supported by OAPEN to determine the extent of this exclusion and to explore strategies for remediation of poorly accessible ebooks. Only 1144 of these are available in EPUB format, which is more easily used for text-to-speech or braille reading devices than the more common PDF format. Of these 1144 ebooks, we found that only 156 of these contained useful descriptions of images in alt-text attributes. 31% of the images had no descriptions at all, and most of the rest contained single words such as "image" or simply a file name.Rapid advances in machine vision and large language models may provide useful tools towards mitigation of poor ebook accessibility. Our initial experience with these tools suggests that combinations of AI tools together with simple editing and reviewing platforms will provide a cost-effective way forward for the open access community. We are evaluating these tools for automatic description of a set of images and assessing the results. This is a first step to the development of advanced tools to deal with complex tables, graphs and figures which will improve access for all of us, not just the reading disabled.
Yo no conocí a Stanislava (A. Drewniak): reconstrucción documental y autoficción liminal en la escena de Córdoba del Siglo XXI.
Authors: Brignone Germán
Published: December 2024

Desde comienzos del siglo actual vemos un amplio interés por indagaciones sobre los límites de lo real en todos los ámbitos de la cultura. Las artes escénicas acompasan esas búsquedas exhibiendo un número cada vez mayor de producciones que desafían los límites entre lo real y lo ficcional. En la ciudad de Córdoba, venimos observando un interés cada vez mayor por estas experimentaciones con lo real en el teatro, que se han multiplicado durante la segunda década del siglo XXI. En este contexto, analizamos el monólogo titulado Yo no conocí a Stanislava, una producción del Grupo Cafuné. La pieza constituye la materialización en espectáculo de un trabajo de licenciatura de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, lo que subraya su carácter investigativo y su búsqueda innovadora y experimental.