bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beach and Surge Flies (Diptera: Canacidae) from the Arabian Peninsula, with descriptions of three new species
Authors: MUNARI LORENZO
Published: June 2019

Three new species of Canacidae, Nocticanace affinis sp. nov., Xanthocanace hamifer sp. nov., and Suffomyia dancei sp. nov. are described and illustrated from the Arabian Peninsula (United Arab Emirates, Oman). Keys to the species of Arabian Canacinae and the world species of the genus Suffomyia are provided.
Erratum: WOJCIECH NIEDBAⱢA (2008) New species of ptyctimous mites (Acari, Oribatida) from Borneo and Sumatra. Zootaxa, 1786, 1-18.
Authors: NIEDBAⱢA WOJCIECH
Published: June 2019

(Erratum)
Mecynocera clausi I.C. Thompson, 1888 (Copepoda: Calanoida) is a paracalanid
Authors: BRADFORD-GRIEVE JANET M.
Published: June 2019

Mecynocera clausi I.C. Thompson, 1888 is the type genus and species of the monotypic family Mecynoceridae Andronov, 1973. Based on the first description of male mouthparts of Mecynocera clausi Thompson, 1888 (Copepoda: Calanoida), evidence is presented for the transfer of this genus and species to the Paracalanidae Giesbrecht, 1893. Thus, Mecynoceridae Andronov, 1973 becomes a junior synonym of Paracalanidae.
A new genus and species of eelpout (Teleostei: Zoarcidae) from Brazil
Authors: MINCARONE MICHAEL MAIA , ANDERSON M. ERIC
Published: June 2019

The eelpout Leucogrammolycus brychios gen. et sp. nov., is described from nine specimens, five males (92–198 mm SL) and four females (99–205 mm SL), collected from off Rio de Janeiro state, southeastern Brazil, at depths from 536 to 632 m. It is mainly characterized by the following combination of characters: vertebrae 23–26 + 62–66 = 85–92; first anal-fin pterygiophore associated with first or second caudal vertebrae; scales absent; lateral line with mediolateral and ventral branches; upper lip broadly adnate to snout tip; gill slit not reaching ventrally to opposite lower end of pectoral-fin base; pelvic-fin rays 2; head pores relatively few, small, rounded; and whitish mid-body stripe forming a chevron on top of snout.
Additions to Neoperla caii Li & Wang and description of Kamimuria petasus sp. nov. from China (Plecoptera: Perlidae)
Authors: CHEN ZHI-TENG
Published: June 2019

Additional specimens of Neoperla caii Li & Wang, 2017 are recorded from Sichuan Province of southwestern China. Morphological variation in the adult male is discussed and illustrated. The adult female of N. caii is described and illustrated for the first time. In addition, a new species, Kamimuria petasus sp. nov. is described from Sichuan Province. The adult male of this new species is characterized by subtriangular basal callus on the hemitergal lobe and by the aedeagus with a hat-shaped apex.
Long-lasting consequences of war on disability
Authors: Palmer Michael , Nguyen Cuong Viet , Mitra Sophie , Mont Daniel , Groce Nora Ellen
Published: June 2019

This article investigates the impact of exposure to United States air force bombing during 1965–75 on the disability status of individuals in Vietnam in 2009. Using a combination of national census and US military data and an instrumental variable strategy which exploits the distance to the former North–South border as a quasi-experiment, the article finds a positive and significant impact of bombing exposure on district level disability rates 40 years after the war. The overall effect of bombing on the long-term disability rate among the Vietnamese population is highest among heavily bombed districts. Districts in the top bombing quintile experience a 25% relative increase in the rate of disability attributable to bombing compared with districts in the lowest bombing quintile. Effects are highest on the prevalence of severe disability and among cohorts before the war’s end. A smaller, yet significant, effect is found among cohorts born after the war. The article finds further evidence of indirect channels through which bombing may have impacted on long-term disability including adverse effects on nutritional environment and human capital attainment. These findings add to the evidence from Vietnam and indicate that wars inflict costs on the health of human populations that last longer than those relating to economic growth and welfare.
A Visual Aid and Objective Rule Encompassing the Data Features of Visual Analysis
Authors: Manolov Rumen , Vannest Kimberly J.
Published: June 2019

Visual analysis of single-case research is commonly described as a gold standard, but it is often unreliable. Thus, an objective tool for applying visual analysis is necessary, as an alternative to the Conservative Dual Criterion, which presents some drawbacks. The proposed free web-based tool enables assessing change in trend and level between two adjacent phases, while taking data variability into account. The application of the tool results in (a) a dichotomous decision regarding the presence or absence of an immediate effect, a progressive or delayed effect, or an overall effect and (b) a quantification of overlap. The proposal is evaluated by applying it to both real and simulated data, obtaining favorable results. The visual aid and the objective rules are expected to make visual analysis more consistent, but they are not intended as a substitute for the analysts’ judgment, as a formal test of statistical significance, or as a tool for assessing social validity.
Looking east: (Re-)creating a social work ‘industry’ in the People’s Republic of China
Authors: Garrett Paul Michael
Published: June 2019

The article furnishes a critical commentary on social work in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). It is maintained that it is important to contextualise this development by taking into account the restoration of capitalism and wider structures of governance. Although there is no perfect alignment, it is argued that the (re-)creation of social work occurred during the same period when a Chinese proletariat was (re-)created. Drawing on the work of Antonio Gramsci and resisting a reductively mechanistic interpretation of the profession’s evolution, it is maintained that social work’s new centrality in the PRC can be best understood if it is situated alongside the hegemonic project of the Communist Party of China (CPC) to construct, what is referred to as, the ‘harmonious society’. The article concludes by tentatively identifying the emerging contours of social work with distinctive Chinese traits.
Benefit sanctions, social citizenship and the economy
Authors: Webster David
Published: June 2019

Throughout the history of National Insurance in the UK, there has been relatively little emphasis on benefit conditions or sanctions (previously called disqualifications). The relevant academic literature has been correspondingly thin. But over the past three decades there has been a dramatic shift to increased conditionality in social security, accompanied by increased harshness in the penalties. This has started to spawn a substantial new literature. This review article considers three significant recent publications. Although written from different perspectives, they all conclude that the current UK sanctions system cannot be justified. The review article argues that more attention needs to be paid to the flaws in the economic case for conditionality. It concludes that effective reform of the system depends on a reassertion of the concepts of social citizenship which underlay the development of National Insurance in the 20th century.
Single-center experience with the new generation Derivo Embolization Device in ruptured dissecting and blister aneurysms
Authors: Kaschner Marius Georg , Petridis Athanasios , Turowski Bernd
Published: June 2019

Background

Treatment of ruptured dissecting and blister aneurysms is technically challenging with potentially high morbidity and mortality. The Derivo Embolisation Device (Derivo) is a flow diverter stent designed for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms.

Purpose

To assess the safety and feasibility of the Derivo in the treatment of ruptured dissecting and blister aneurysms.

Material and Methods

We retrospectively analyzed all patients with ruptured dissecting and blister aneurysms treated with the Derivo between February 2016 and July 2018. Procedural details, complications, morbidity within 30 days, and angiographic aneurysm occlusion rates, initially and after six months, were assessed.

Results

In 10 patients 11 ruptured dissecting and blister aneurysms were treated with 12 Derivos as monotherapy. No aneurysm rebleeding was observed at follow-up. One treatment-related complication occurred including a coil perforation of an additionally treated aneurysm. One patient died due to brain edema. Initial digital subtraction angiography revealed complete (O’Kelly–Marotta [OKM] classification D) and favorable (OKM D+C) occlusion rate in three aneurysms. Six-month follow-up for digital subtraction angiography and clinical evaluation was available in 6/9 patients with complete (OKM D) occlusion in all aneurysms (6/6). Favorable (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] ≤ 2) and moderate (mRS 3) clinical outcome after a mean follow-up of 10 months was observed in six and two patients, respectively.

Conclusion

Endovascular treatment with the Derivo in ruptured dissecting and blister aneurysms revealed a sufficient initial division of aneurysms from the circulation without rebleeding. The Derivo is associated with high procedural and clinical short-term safety.
Drivers of Social Engagement: Employee Voice–Advice Sharing Relationship
Authors: Williams Adam M. , Bland J. Travis
Published: June 2019

Sparked by recent scholarly interest in identifying the drivers or antecedents of employee engagement, this article examines the relationship between an employee’s perception of voice and his or her propensity to socially engage in the form of sharing advice. In this article, we conceptualize an employee’s perception of voice as multi-directional in nature. This is because, whether directed upward, downward, or laterally, employees will develop multiple perceptions of voice as they distinguish between their social exchanges across and within the various levels of the organization. Surveying the city workforce of Marietta, Georgia, we found a positive perception of voice is a key driver or antecedent to advice sharing across vertical boundaries with superiors and subordinates and across lateral boundaries with peers. Yet contrary to what the literature would suggest about the influence of superiors on subordinates, we found that low perceptions of upward voice (i.e., perceptions shaped by those at higher levels of the organization) did not influence an employee’s decision to share advice with his or her own subordinates or peers. This research shifts some much-needed attention toward advice sharing as a social manifestation of employee engagement and establishes the importance of assessing and managing an employee’s multiple perceptions of voice.
Becoming activist: the mediation of consumers in Animals Australia’s Make it Possible campaign
Authors: Mummery Jane , Rodan Debbie
Published: June 2019

In 2008, the Australian Law Reform Commission journal, Reform, called out animal welfare as Australia’s ‘next great social justice movement’ in 2018; however, public mobilisation around animal welfare is still a contested issue in Australia. The question stands as to how to mobilise everyday mainstream consumers into supporting animal activism given that animal activism is presented in the public sphere as dampening the economic livelihood of Australia, with some animal activism described as ‘akin to terrorism’. The questions, then, are as follows: how to mobilise everyday mainstream consumers into supporting animal activist ideals? How to frame and communicate animal activist ideals so that they can come to inform and change the behaviour and self-understandings of mainstream consumers? This article is an investigation into the possible production and mobilisation of animal activists from mainstream consumers through the work of one digital campaign, Make it Possible. Delivered by the peak Australian animal advocacy organisation, Animals Australia, and explicitly targeting the lived experiences and conditions of animals in factory farming, Make it Possible reached nearly 12 million viewers across Australia and has directly impacted on the reported behaviour and self-understandings of over 291,000 Australians to date, as well as impacting policy decisions made by government and industry. More specifically, our interest is to engage a new materialist lens to draw out how this campaign operates to transform consumers into veg*ns (vegans/vegetarians), activists and ethical consumers who materially commit to and live revised beliefs regarding human–animal relations.
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum with prominent arterial calcifications evoking CD73 deficiency
Authors: Devriese Magali , Legrand Anne , Courtois Marie-Cécile , Jeunemaitre Xavier , Albuisson Juliette
Published: June 2019

Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a rare disorder characterized by skin, eye, and cardiovascular lesions due to ectopic mineralization and fragmentation of elastic fibers of connective tissues. We present an atypical case of PXE with diffuse vascular calcification and negligible skin and eye lesions. The patient was a 37-year-old man suffering from severe bilateral arterial calcifications in superficial femoral and posterior tibial arteries. Eye fundoscopy and skin examination were first considered normal. This phenotype suggested first the diagnosis of Arterial Calcification due to Deficiency of CD73 (ACDC) characterized by mutations in NT5E gene. However, we found two variants in ABCC6 gene, and no variant in NT5E. Skin reexamination revealed few lateral skin papules confined to the scalp. Phenotypic overlap was described in vascular calcification disorders, between GACI and PXE phenotypes, and we discuss here expansion of this overlap, including ACDC phenotype. Identification of these expanding and overlapping phenotypes was enabled by genetic screening of the corresponding genes, in a systematic approach. We propose to create a calcification next generation sequencing (NGS) panel with NT5E, GGCX, ENPP1, and ABCC6 genes to improve the molecular diagnosis of vascular calcification.
“Hooked up to that damn machine”: Working with metaphors in clinical ethics cases
Authors: Michl Susanne , Wohlmann Anita
Published: June 2019

The frequent use of metaphors in health care communication in general and clinical ethics cases in particular calls for a more mindful and competent use of figurative speech. Metaphors are powerful tools that enable different ways of thinking about complex issues in health care. However, depending on how and in which context they are used, they can also be harmful and undermine medical decision-making. Given this contingent nature of metaphors, this article discusses two approaches that suggest how medical health care professionals may systematically and imaginatively work with metaphors. The first approach is informed by a model developed by cognitive scientists George Lakoff and Mark Turner. The second approach is a close reading and thus a text-immanent, hermeneutical strategy. Using the double perspective of an ethics consultant and a researcher in literature studies, we take a case from Richard M Zaner in which a metaphor is central to the clinical-ethical problem. The article shows that the approaches, which focus on creativity and the intersections of form and content, may be helpful tools in clinical ethics, enabling a competent and mindful working with metaphors in complex cases as well as supporting the consultant’s thoughts processes.
Native American Youth Citizen Scientists Uncovering Community Health and Food Security Priorities
Authors: Kim Katherine K. , Ngo Victoria , Gilkison Grant , Hillman Lisa , Sowerwine Jennifer ,   Karuk Youth Leaders
Published: June 2019

Citizen science based on principles of community-based participatory research involves the co-creation of research among citizens and professional researchers in substantive aspects of scientific inquiry including equitable contributions to governance, research questions, data collection, analysis, application of findings, and dissemination. This article reports on a citizen science project conducted by 12 youth in the Karuk Tribe collaborating with university scientists. The youth participated in a research leadership development program conducted in their community located in rural/remote northern California. The youth led a community health and food security assessment survey using a mobile application tool (n = 212). They uncovered community concerns about the health of residents and healthfulness of food choices in schools, as well as a significant difference related to confidence in making healthy food choices between those who are and are not physically active. The Tribe applied the study findings with youth in alignment with cultural values and practices investing in developing community gardens, improving school food quality, and promoting native food practices that incorporate physical activities such as hiking, gathering, and preserving food. This study offers lessons for research collaborations among citizen scientists from communities underrepresented in health research and university scientists.
Trouble in Tech Paradise
Authors: Banerjee Pallavi , Rincón Lina
Published: June 2019

The structures of the tech industry, with its dependence on highly skilled immigrant workers, and the H-1B visa, with its dependence on sponsoring companies, bind tech workers in a cycle of legal violence.
My Journey in Public Sociology
Authors: Yuen Nancy Wang
Published: June 2019

Nancy Wang Yuen on Going Public.
Detection and identification technology of rotor unmanned aerial vehicles in 5G scene
Authors: Xu Fengtong , Hong Tao , Zhao Jingcheng , Yang Tao
Published: June 2019

In the 5G era, integration between different networks is required to realize a new world of Internet of things, the most typical model is Space–Air–Ground Internet of things. In the Space–Air–Ground Internet of things, unmanned aerial vehicle network is widely used as the representative of air-based networks. Therefore, a lot of unmanned aerial vehicle “black flying” incidents have occurred. UAVs are a kind of “low, slow and small” artificial targets, which face enormous challenges in detecting, identifying, and managing them. In order to identify the “black flying” unmanned aerial vehicle, combined with the advantages of 5G millimeter wave radar and machine learning methods, the following methods are adopted in this article. For a one-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, the radar echo data are a single-component sinusoidal frequency modulation signal. The echo signal is conjugated first and then is subjected to a short-time Fourier transform, while the micro-Doppler has a double effect. For a multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, the radar echo data are a multi-component sinusoidal frequency modulation signal, the k-order Bessel function base and the signal are used for integral projection processing, which better identifies the micro-Doppler characteristics such as the number of rotors or the rotational speed of each rotor. The noise interference is added to verify that the algorithm has better robustness. The micro-Doppler characteristics of rotor unmanned aerial vehicles are extracted by the above algorithm, and the data sets are built to train the model. Finally, the classification of unmanned aerial vehicle is realized, and the classification results are given. The research in this article provides an effective solution to solve the problem of detecting and identifying unmanned aerial vehicle by 5G millimeter wave radar in the Internet of Things, which has high practical application value.
Unraveling the Causal Relationship Between Economic Policy Uncertainty and Exchange Market Pressure in BRIC Countries: Evidence From Bootstrap Panel Granger Causality
Authors: Olanipekun Ifedolapo Olabisi , Güngör Hasan , Olasehinde-Williams Godwin
Published: June 2019

This study examines the causal relationships between exchange market pressure and both global and domestic economic policy uncertainty among the Brazil, Russia, India, and China economies. We employed the bootstrap panel Granger causality approach, having found cross-sectional dependency among the countries as an indicator of their mutual developmental characteristics. The individual country analysis shows that, between exchange market pressure and global economic policy uncertainty, only China has bidirectional causality, while no causality was found for Russia. Between exchange market pressure and domestic economic policy uncertainty, India and Russia have bidirectional causality. Domestic economic policy uncertainty does not matter for China’s exchange market pressure; therefore, China has one-way causality from exchange market pressure to domestic economic policy uncertainty. Overall, in these countries, exchange market pressure is influenced by global economic policy uncertainty while both exchange market pressure and domestic economic policy uncertainty mutually interact to influence each other.
Histories of Conquest, Diversity, and Social Cohesion in Former Colonial Europe
Authors: Ponce Aaron
Published: June 2019

Research has overlooked the influence of countries’ colonizing histories on how present-day diversity shapes forms of social cohesion. Ethnic boundary theories suggest that legacies of colonizing external territories could strengthen the boundaries that separate natives from foreign migrants. Alternatively, colonization could simply give countries greater experience with foreign populations over time, thus diffusing boundaries through sustained integration processes. This article investigates how history shapes diversity’s influence on horizontal and vertical forms of social cohesion: support for welfare to reduce hierarchical class differences and trust of the generalized other. Using 2002 to 2014 European Social Survey and country history data, I find that while diversity often directly reduces both welfare support and trust, histories of conquest moderate this relationship. Specifically, diversity’s negative influence on social cohesion outcomes gradually diminishes with the occupation of foreign territories, in contrast to their colonization. While prior research emphasizes diversity as a straightforward negative force, current findings show that it is shaped by historical episodes of symbolic boundary making.
Amplitude-phase decomposition of the magnetotelluric impedance tensor
Authors: Neukirch Maik , Rudolf Daniel , Garcia Xavier , Galiana Savitri
Published: June 2019

The introduction of the phase tensor marked a breakthrough in the understanding and analysis of electric galvanic distortion effects. It has been used for (distortion-free) dimensionality analysis, distortion analysis, mapping, and subsurface model inversion. However, the phase tensor can only represent half of the information contained in a complete impedance data set. Nevertheless, to avoid uncertainty due to galvanic distortion effects, practitioners often choose to discard half of the measured data and concentrate interpretation efforts on the phase tensor part. Our work assesses the information loss due to pure phase tensor interpretation of a complete impedance data set. To achieve this, a new MT impedance tensor decomposition into the known phase tensor and a newly defined amplitude tensor is motivated and established. In addition, the existence and uniqueness of the amplitude tensor is proven. Synthetic data are used to illustrate the amplitude tensor information content compared with the phase tensor. Although the phase tensor only describes the inductive effects within the subsurface, the amplitude tensor holds information about inductive and galvanic effects that can help to identify conductivity or thickness of (conductive) anomalies more accurately than the phase tensor. Furthermore, the amplitude and phase tensors sense anomalies at different periods, and thus the combination of both provides a means to evaluate and differentiate anomaly top depths in the event of data unavailability at extended period ranges, e.g., due to severe noise.
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Medicaid expansion impact on racial disparities in time to cancer treatment.
Authors: Adamson Blythe J.S. , Cohen Aaron B. , Estevez Melissa , Magee Kelly , Williams Erin , Gross Cary Philip , Meropol Neal J. , Davidoff Amy J.
Published: June 2019

LBA1

Background: Racial disparities in cancer outcomes remain a societal challenge. The ACA sought to improve equity in healthcare access and outcomes by permitting states to expand Medicaid and providing subsidies for purchase of private insurance. We assessed the impact of Medicaid expansions on racial disparities in time to treatment among patients (pts) with advanced cancer. Methods: We selected pts ages 18-64 years with advanced or metastatic cancer (NSCLC, breast, urothelial, gastric, colorectal, renal cell, prostate, and melanoma), diagnosed between Jan 1, 2011 and Dec 31, 2018, from the nationwide Flatiron Health electronic health record-derived database. We assigned expansion status based on whether the pts’ state of residence had expanded Medicaid as of the diagnosis date. We estimated Medicaid expansion-related changes in the rate of “timely treatment,” an outcome defined as first-line treatment start within 30 days of advanced or metastatic diagnosis. Regression model covariates included race (White, African American, Asian, and Other race), age, sex, practice type, cancer type, stage, and unemployment rate, using time and state fixed-effects. Regression results present predictive margins. Results: The study included 34,067 pts (median age 57 years; 12% African American). Racial disparities were observed pre-expansion: African American pts were 4.9 percentage points (%pt) less likely to receive timely treatment (Table). Regardless of race, Medicaid expansion trended toward an increase in timely treatment overall (p = 0.05). Expansion was associated with a differential benefit for African American vs white pts (6.9 %pt and 1.8 %pt). Prior racial disparities were no longer observed after Medicaid expansion. Conclusions: Implementation of Medicaid expansions as part of the ACA differentially improved African American cancer pts’ receipt of timely treatment, reducing racial disparities in access to care.[Table: see text]
Insurance status and survival of multiple myeloma (MM) patients.
Authors: Chamoun Kamal , De Lima Marcos J.G. , Caimi Paolo Fabrizio , Fu Pingfu , Cao Shufen , Otegbeye Folashade , Patel Seema , Ali Naveed , Gerson Stanton L. , Boughan Kirsten M , Kyasaram Ravi Kumar , Malek Ehsan
Published: June 2019

LBA107

Background: MM is often treated with oral antineoplastic medications (OAM). OAM prices have been rapidly escalating and there are well-described issues with affordability (Shih et al. JCO 2017). We therefore hypothesized that insurance status influences MM patients (pts) survival and interrogated the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to test this hypothesis. Methods: NCDB houses data on 70% of cancer pts in the USA. Data from 117,926 MM pts diagnosed between year 2005 and 2014 was analyzed. Primary outcome was overall survival (OS) which was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier method and Cox model. Results: Median age at diagnosis was 67 years (19-90); 55% were males. 57% of pts lived in areas where the median income was < $46k/year (individual income data was not available); Primary insurance was Medicare (52%), private insurance (35%) or Medicaid (5%), and 3% were uninsured. 40% were treated in academic institutions. Median follow up was 30 months (0-145). By univariate analysis, better OS was observed in pts with primary MM, lower Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), treatment in academic institutions, higher median regional income, or private insurance ( p<0.0001 for all). Median age of pts on Medicare, private insurance, Medicaid, or those without insurance was 74, 57, 58, and 57 years, respectively. When restricting the analysis to pts ≥ 65 years old, pts with private insurance had longer OS compared to Medicare pts (p<0.0001). The table shows the results of MV analysis. Conclusions: Insurance type and regional income are associated with MM survival. This may be related to affordability of OAM and merits further investigation. [Table: see text]
Overall survival (OS) results of a phase III randomized trial of standard-of-care therapy with or without enzalutamide for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC): ENZAMET (ANZUP 1304), an ANZUP-led international cooperative group trial.
Authors: Sweeney Christopher , Martin Andrew James , Zielinski Robert Richard , Thomson Alastair , Tan Thean Hsiang , Sandhu Shahneen Kaur , Reaume M. Neil , Pook David William , Parnis Francis , North Scott A. , McDermott Ray , McCaffrey John , Marx Gavin M. , Lawrence Nicola Jane , Horvath Lisa , Frydenberg Mark , Chowdhury Simon , Chi Kim N. , Stockler Martin R. , Davis Ian D.
Published: June 2019

LBA2

Background: Testosterone suppression (TS) is the backbone of treatment for mHSPC. OS is improved by the addition of early docetaxel (DOC) or abiraterone to TS. ENZAMET assessed the effects of enzalutamide (ENZA), a potent androgen receptor (AR) inhibitor, versus a nonsteroidal anti-androgen (NSAA: bicalutamide, nilutamide, or flutamide) in addition to SOC (TS with or without DOC) in mHSPC. Methods: Men with mHSPC were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive TS plus either ENZA or NSAA. Randomization was stratified by: volume of disease (high vs low, according to CHAARTED); planned early DOC; planned anti-resorptive therapy, comorbidity score (ACE-27), and study site. The primary endpoint was overall survival. Accrual of 1100 men provided 80% power to detect a 25% reduction in the hazard of death (HR 0.75) with up to 4 interim analyses (IA), the first planned to occur after 235 deaths (50% of total information with a critical p-value threshold <0.0031 by the Lan-DeMets alpha-spending approach with O’Brien-Fleming type shape). Subgroup analyses to assess possible modulation of the treatment effect were specified a priori and included planned early docetaxel (yes vs no) and volume of disease (high vs low). Results: We randomly assigned 1125 patients from 31MAR14 to 24MAR17. The treatment groups were well balanced for all important baseline factors. Criteria for early reporting were met at the first IA (28FEB2019) after a median follow-up of 33 months. Overall survival was prolonged by ENZA (see below). At 3 years, 36% NSAA vs 64% ENZA were still on their assigned study treatment. Serious adverse events (regardless of attribution) within 30 days of study treatment occurred in 42% ENZA vs 34% NSAA, commensurate with the different durations of study treatment. Conclusions: ENZA significantly improved OS when added to SOC in mHSPC. The benefits appeared lower in those planned to receive early DOC. Results of analyses with updated follow-up triggered by this IA will be presented. Clinical trial information: NCT02446405. [Table: see text]
Long-term survival after laparoscopic versus open resection for colorectal liver metastases.
Authors: Fretland Åsmund Avdem , Aghayan Davit , Edwin Bjørn ,   OSLO-COMET Trial Group
Published: June 2019

LBA3516

Background: Despite the recent worldwide dissemination of laparoscopic liver surgery, the long-term oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic and open liver surgery have never been compared in a randomized controlled trial. Methods: OSLO-COMET was a randomized controlled trial recruiting patients from Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. The primary outcome of the trial was postoperative morbidity within 30 days. Patients with radically resectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer were randomly assigned to undergo laparoscopic or open parenchyma-sparing liver resection. Overall survival was a predefined secondary endpoint for the trial. Survival data for the treatment arms will be compared using a log-rank test and Kaplan-Meier plots. Results: From February 2012 to January 2016 a total of 294 patients were screened and 280 (95%) patients were randomized to laparoscopic (n = 133) or open (n = 147) surgery. The primary endpoint demonstrated a significant reduction in morbidity from 31% in the open group to 19% in the laparoscopic group. Other secondary outcomes demonstrated no difference between the groups, including the rate of R0 resection and the width of resection margins, while laparoscopic surgery was found to be cost-effective. Patients received perioperative chemotherapy following Norwegian guidelines. The final patient was operated on Feb 28, 2016, and a survival analysis was performed on March 14, 2019, with a minimum of 36 months follow-up. By ITT analysis (n = 280), median overall survival (OS) was 80 months (95% CI 52-108) in the laparoscopic surgery group and 81 months (95% CI 42-120) in the open surgery group, p=0.91. By modified ITT, (only patients that had R0/R1 resection), median recurrence free survival (RFS) was 19 months (10-27) in the laparoscopic group and 16 months (11-21) in the open group, p = 0.96. Conclusions: Laparoscopic surgery in patients with colorectal liver metastases was associated with rates of OS and RFS similar to open surgery. Clinical trial information: NCT01516710.
Pembrolizumab with or without chemotherapy versus chemotherapy for advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma: The phase III KEYNOTE-062 study.
Authors: Tabernero Josep , Van Cutsem Eric , Bang Yung-Jue , Fuchs Charles S. , Wyrwicz Lucjan , Lee Keun Wook , Kudaba Iveta , Garrido Marcelo , Chung Hyun Cheol , Castro Salguero Hugo Raul , Mansoor Wasat , Braghiroli Maria Ignez Freitas Melro , Goekkurt Eray , Chao Joseph , Wainberg Zev A. , Kher Uma , Shah Sukrut , Kang SoonMo Peter , Shitara Kohei
Published: June 2019

LBA4007

Background: KEYNOTE062 (NCT02494583) was a randomized, active controlled study of 1L P or P+C vs C in pts with PD-L1 combined positive score ≥1 (CPS ≥1), HER2-negative, advanced GC. Methods: Eligible pts were randomized 1:1:1 to P 200 mg Q3W for up to 2 y, P+C (cisplatin 80 mg/m2 + 5-FU 800 mg/m2/d on d1-d5 Q3W [or capecitabine 1000 mg/m2 BID on d1-d14 Q3W per local guideline]) or placebo Q3W + C. Randomization was stratified by region, disease status, and fluoropyrimidine treatment. Primary endpoints were OS in CPS ≥1 and CPS ≥10 for P+C vs C and P vs C and PFS (RECIST v1.1; central review) in CPS ≥1 for P+C vs C. ORR (RECIST v1.1; central review) in CPS ≥1 for P+C vs C was the secondary endpoint. Final analysis cutoff date was 26 Mar 2019. Results: 763 pts (281 with CPS ≥10) were randomized to P+C (257), P (256), or C (250) (Table). Median follow-up was 11.3 mo. P was noninferior to C for OS in CPS ≥1 per prespecified margins. P vs C prolonged OS in CPS ≥10 (median 17.4 vs 10.8 mo; HR 0.69; 95% CI 0.49-0.97) but wasn’t tested per analysis plan. P+C vs C was not superior for OS in CPS ≥1 or CPS ≥10, with a favorable trend for P+C. P+C did not significantly prolong PFS in CPS ≥1. ORR was higher for P+C vs C. Grade 3-5 drug-related AE rates were 17% (P), 73% (P+C), and 69% (C). Conclusions: As 1L therapy for advanced GC, P was noninferior to C for OS in CPS ≥1 with clinically meaningful improvement for OS in CPS ≥10. P+C did not show superior OS and PFS in CPS ≥1 and OS in CPS ≥10. The safety profile was more favorable for P vs C. Clinical trial information: NCT02494583. [Table: see text]
Association of Intraoperative Tidal Volumes and Acute Kidney Injury After Noncardiac Surgery
Authors: Argalious Maged Y. , Mao Guangmei , Davison Rajeev Krishnaney , Chow Courtney , Bhavani Sekar
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND:

Patients with acute lung injury who received lower tidal volume (VT) ventilation had significantly fewer days with acute kidney injury (AKI) when compared to those receiving higher VTs. There is a paucity of studies on the relationship between intraoperative VTs and postoperative AKI in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. We therefore sought to assess the association of mean delivered intraoperative VT per kilogram based on predicted body weight (PBW) and postoperative AKI.

METHODS:

This retrospective cohort study was conducted in a large tertiary multispecialty academic medical center. Adult patients who underwent noncardiac surgery between January 2005 and July 2016 under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation were included. A total of 41,224 patients were included in the study.

The relationship between mean intraoperative VT per PBW and AKI was assessed using logistic regression, adjusting for prespecified potential confounding variables. The secondary outcomes were postoperative major pulmonary complications, myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS), and in-hospital mortality.

RESULTS:

The incidence of AKI was 10.9% in the study population. Postoperative renal replacement therapy was required in 0.1% of patients. Higher delivered mean intraoperative VT per PBW was significantly associated with increased odds of AKI. The estimated odds ratio for each 1 mL increase in VT per kilogram of PBW (1 unit) was 1.05 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02–1.08; P = .001), after adjusting for potential confounding variables. A higher delivered mean intraoperative VT per PBW was significantly associated with increased odds of postoperative myocardial injury and was not significantly associated with major postoperative pulmonary complications or in-hospital mortality after noncardiac surgery.

CONCLUSIONS:

In adult patients undergoing noncardiac surgery, higher delivered mean intraoperative VTs per PBW are associated with an increased odds of developing AKI.
Impact of Local Infiltration Analgesia on the Quality of Recovery After Anterior Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized, Triple-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Tan Nicole L. , Gotmaker Robert , Barrington Michael J.
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND:

Local infiltration analgesia (LIA) is commonly used in anterior total hip arthroplasty (THA) surgery; however, evidence for its efficacy is lacking. We hypothesized that LIA with 0.2% ropivacaine when compared with injection of placebo (0.9% saline) would improve patient quality of recovery on postoperative day (POD) 1, as measured by the Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15) score.

METHODS:

Patients scheduled to have a primary unilateral anterior THA with a single surgeon in a tertiary level metropolitan hospital were randomized to receive LIA with either 2.5 mL/kg of 0.2% ropivacaine or 0.9% saline as placebo. Patients and clinical and study personnel were blinded to group allocation. Perioperative care was standardized and this included spinal anesthesia and oral multimodal analgesia. The primary outcome was a multidimensional (pain, physical comfort, physical independence, emotions, and psychological support) patient-reported quality of recovery scale, QoR-15, measured on POD 1.

RESULTS:

One hundred sixty patients were randomized; 6 patients were withdrawn after randomization and 2 patients had incomplete outcome data. The intention-to-treat analysis included 152 patients. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) QoR-15 score on POD 1 of the ropivacaine group was 119.5 (102–124), compared with the placebo group which had a median (IQR) of 115 (98–126). The median difference of 2 (95% confidence interval [CI], −4 to 7; P = .56) was not statistically or clinically significant. An as-per-protocol sensitivity analysis of 146 patients who received spinal anesthesia without general anesthesia, and the allocated intervention, also showed no evidence of a significant difference between groups. Secondary outcomes (worst pain numerical rating scale at rest and with movement on POD 1, opioid consumption on PODs 1 and 2, mobilization on POD 1, Brief Pain Inventory severity and interference on POD 90, and length of stay) were similar in both groups.

CONCLUSIONS:

LIA with 0.2% ropivacaine when compared with 0.9% saline as placebo did not improve quality of recovery 1 day after anterior THA.
Unhappiness and Pain in Modern America: A Review Essay, and Further Evidence, on Carol Graham’s Happiness for All?
Authors: Blanchflower David G. , Oswald Andrew J.
Published: June 2019

In Happiness for All? Unequal Hopes and Lives in the Pursuit of the American Dream, Carol Graham raises disquieting ideas about today’s United States. The challenge she puts forward is an important one. Here we review the intellectual case and offer additional evidence. We conclude broadly on the author’s side. Strikingly, Americans appear to be in greater pain than citizens of other countries, and most subgroups of citizens have downwardly trended happiness levels. There is, however, one bright side to an otherwise dark story. The happiness of black Americans has risen strongly since the 1970s. It is now almost equal to that of white Americans. (JEL D31, I12, I31, J15, Z13)
The role of positron emission tomography in the assessment of cardiac sarcoidosis
Authors: Genovesi Dario , Bauckneht Matteo , Altini Corinna , Popescu Cristina Elena , Ferro Paola , Monaco Lavinia , Borra Anna , Ferrari Cristina , Caobelli Federico
Published: June 2019

The myocardium and the cardiovascular system are often involved in patients with sarcoidosis. As therapy should be started as early as possible to avoid complications such as left ventricular dysfunction, a prompt and reliable diagnosis by means of non-invasive tests would be highly warranted. Among other techniques, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) has emerged as a high sensitive tool to detect sites of inflammation before morphological changes are visible to conventional imaging techniques. We therefore aim at summarizing the most relevant findings in the literature on the use of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET in the diagnostic workup of cardiac sarcoidosis and to underline future perspectives.
Cultural Variations in the Glass Ceiling Effect: A Review
Authors: Radhakrishnan Ragitha
Published: June 2019

Gender Disparity is a universal phenomenon. The effect is more evident in an organisational setup. Two common forms of gender disparity are sticky floor effect and glass ceiling effect. Glass ceiling effect refers to the barriers that prevent women from progressing to the higher positions in the organisations. It can lead to differences in pay and may prevent women from climbing up the career ladder. The barriers may be psychological, social or organisational. The paper discusses the presence of glass ceiling across different cultures and its implications.
Knowledge and Awareness about Diabetes Mellitus and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus - Review
Authors: Thomas Sangeetha
Published: June 2019

The paper aims to review the previous literature conducted till date on knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) across the globe, focussing more on the studies from the Indian context. The review posits that the knowledge and awareness of Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes among the larger population needs attention. Additionally, knowledge of the risks and complications is low among participants. Significantly limited literature was available on antenatal women and on the provision of awareness programmes for such participants. The review concludes with the observation that the knowledge and awareness about DM and GDM has important implications for public health policies and specifically for the implementation of National Diabetes Prevention/Control Programmes.
Patriotic Education of Students by Means of a Foreign Language
Authors: Мизюрова Э. , Mizyurova E.
Published: June 2019

The article deals with the problem of patriotic education of students. The role of a foreign language is analyzed as a means of developing patriotic feelings and moral qualities of students of agrarian university.
Engineering design. Reinforced concrete and stone structures
Authors: Ксенофонтова Татьяна , Ksenofontova Tatiana , Чумичева Марина , Chumicheva Marina
Published: June 2019

The textbook outlines the basics of calculation and design of reinforced concrete and stone structures in accordance with published normative documents SP 63.13330.2012 "Concrete and reinforced concrete structures. Basic provisions "and SP 15.13330.2012" Stone and armokamennye design". It considers the physical and mechanical properties of concrete, rebar, stone materials, reflects the modern classes of reinforcement used in construction, their characteristics and range. Much attention is paid to the calculation and design of water facilities, as well as environmental structures and structures in contact with the soil, such as retaining walls, underground concrete tanks for drinking water, reinforced concrete pipelines.
The textbook reflects the long-term experience of teaching the authors of the discipline " Engineering structures "section" reinforced Concrete and stone structures". With this in mind, it provides many illustrations and explanations, and there are examples of calculation in the annexes. The textbook is written in accordance with the requirements of GEF VPO three plus and can be recommended for use in the educational process for the preparation of bachelors in areas 08.03.01 — "Construction", 20.03.02 — "environmental management and water use", 20.03.01 — "Technosphere safety" profile "environmental Engineering".
Quantum Trajectories: Dirac, Moyal and Bohm
Authors: Hiley Basil J. , De Gosson Maurice A. , Dennis Glen
Published: June 2019

We recall Dirac's early proposals to develop a description of quantum phenomena in terms of a non-commutative algebra in which he suggested a way to construct what he called quantum trajectories. Generalising these ideas, we show how they are related to weak values and explore their use in the experimental construction of quantum trajectories. We discuss covering spaces which play an essential role in accounting for the wave properties of quantum particles. We briefly point out how new mathematical techniques take us beyond Hilbert space and into a deeper structure which connects with the algebras originally introduced by Born, Heisenberg and Jordan. This enables us to bring out the geometric aspects of quantum phenomena.Quanta 2019; 8: 11–23.
Estilos de aprendizaje y rendimiento académico de estudiantes de la carrera de obstetricia
Authors: Altamirano-Droguett, MSc Janet Elizabeth , Araya-Crisóstomo, MSc Sandra Patricia , Contreras, MSc Marcela Paz
Published: June 2019

Introducción: el presente estudio analizó los estilos de aprendizaje de estudiantes universitarios de obstetricia de Concepción y su relación con las variables edad, año de la carrera que cursa y rendimiento académico. Se planteó como hipótesis que el estilo de aprendizaje que incrementa en mayor medida el rendimiento de los estudiantes es el estilo reflexivo. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal y relacional en 208 alumnos matriculados entre los años 2015 a 2018. Se utilizó el cuestionario CHAEA de Estilos de Aprendizaje de Honey y Alonso. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó la prueba ji Cuadrado y la prueba anova con comparaciones planificadas, para determinar si existían diferencias significativas entre rendimiento académico y estilo de aprendizaje. Resultados: los resultados muestran predominancia del estilo reflexivo en el 50 % de los estudiantes y en un 48 % en la predominancia combinada reflexivo-teórico. El análisis inferencial determinó que existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre rendimiento académico y estilo de aprendizaje predominante (p = .001). Conclusión: no existe relación entre estilos de aprendizaje y edad o año de carrera que cursan los estudiantes; sin embargo, sí existe relación entre estilos de aprendizaje y rendimiento, la cual podría estar determinada por el vínculo entre características del estilo reflexivo y competencias genéricas a desarrollar en esta carrera de salud.