bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meta-QTL analysis and identification of candidate genes for multiple-traits associated with spot blotch resistance in bread wheat
Authors: Vasistha Neeraj Kumar , Sharma Vaishali , Singh Sahadev , Kaur Ramandeep , Kumar Anuj , Ravat Vikas Kumar , Kumar Rahul , Gupta Pushpendra K.
Published: June 2024

In bread wheat, a literature search gave 228 QTLs for six traits, including resistance against spot blotch and the following five other related traits: (i) stay green; (ii) flag leaf senescence; (iii) green leaf area duration; (iv) green leaf area of the main stem; and (v) black point resistance. These QTLs were used for metaQTL (MQTL) analysis. For this purpose, a consensus map with 72,788 markers was prepared; 69 of the above 228 QTLs, which were suitable for MQTL analysis, were projected on the consensus map. This exercise resulted in the identification of 16 meta-QTLs (MQTLs) located on 11 chromosomes, with the PVE ranging from 5.4% (MQTL7) to 21.8% (MQTL5), and the confidence intervals ranging from 1.5 to 20.7 cM (except five MQTLs with a range of 36.1–57.8 cM). The number of QTLs associated with individual MQTLs ranged from a maximum of 17 in MQTL3 to 8 each in MQTL5 and MQTL8 and 5 each in MQTL7 and MQTL14. The 16 MQTLs, included 12 multi-trait MQTLs; one of the MQTL also overlapped a genomic region carrying the major spot blotch resistance gene Sb1. Of the total 16 MQTLs, 12 MQTLs were also validated through marker-trait associations that were available from earlier genome-wide association studies. The genomic regions associated with MQTLs were also used for the identification of candidate genes (CGs) and led to the identification of 516 CGs encoding 508 proteins; 411 of these proteins are known to be associated with resistance against several biotic stresses. In silico expression analysis of CGs using transcriptome data allowed the identification of 71 differentially expressed CGs, which were examined for further possible studies. The findings of the present study should facilitate fine-mapping and cloning of genes, enabling Marker Assisted Selection.
Analysis of fibrin networks using topological data analysis – a feasibility study
Authors: Berger Martin , Hell Tobias , Tobiasch Anna , Martini Judith , Lindner Andrea , Tauber Helmuth , Bachler Mirjam , Hermann Martin
Published: June 2024

Blood clot formation, a crucial process in hemostasis and thrombosis, has garnered substantial attention for its implications in various medical conditions. Microscopic examination of blood clots provides vital insights into their composition and structure, aiding in the understanding of clot pathophysiology and the development of targeted therapeutic strategies. This study explores the use of topological data analysis (TDA) to assess plasma clot characteristics microscopically, focusing on the identification of the elements components, holes and Wasserstein distances. This approach should enable researchers to objectively classify fibrin networks based on their topologic architecture. We tested this mathematical characterization approach on plasma clots formed in static conditions from porcine and human citrated plasma samples, where the effect of dilution and direct thrombin inhibition was explored. Confocal microscopy images showing fluorescence labeled fibrin networks were analyzed. Both treatments resulted in visual differences in plasma clot architecture, which could be quantified using TDA. Significant differences between baseline and diluted samples, as well as blood anticoagulated with argatroban, were detected mathematically. Therefore, TDA could be indicative of clots with compromised stability, providing a valuable tool for thrombosis risk assessment. In conclusion, microscopic examination of plasma clots, coupled with Topological Data Analysis, offers a promising avenue for comprehensive characterization of clot microstructure. This method could contribute to a deeper understanding of clot pathophysiology and thereby refine our ability to assess clot characteristics.
Design and implementation of a high misalignment-tolerance wireless charger for an electric vehicle with control of the constant current/voltage charging
Authors: Ramakrishnan Venkatesan , A Dominic Savio , C Balaji , R Narayanamoorthi , Vishnuram Pradeep , Yang Tiansheng , Bajaj Mohit , Rathore Rajkumar Singh , Zaitsev Ievgen
Published: June 2024

Wireless charging of Electric Vehicles (EVs) has been extensively researched in the realm of electric cars, offering a convenient method. Nonetheless, there has been a scarcity of experiments conducted on low-power electric vehicles. To establish a wireless power transfer system for an electric vehicle, optimal power and transmission efficiency necessitate arranging the coils coaxially. In wireless charging systems, coils often experience angular and lateral misalignments. In this paper, a new alignment strategy is introduced to tackle the misalignment problem between the transmitter and receiver coils in the wireless charging of Electric Vehicles (EVs). The study involves the design and analysis of a coil, considering factors such as mutual inductance and efficiency. Wireless coils with angular misalignment are modelled in Ansys Maxwell simulation software. The proposed practical EV system aims to align the coils using angular motion, effectively reducing misalignment during the parking of two-wheelers. This is achieved by tilting the transmitter coil in the desired direction. Furthermore, micro sensing coils are employed to identify misalignment and facilitate automatic alignment. Additionally, adopting a power control technique becomes essential to achieve both constant current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) modes during battery charging. Integrating CC and CV modes is crucial for efficiently charging lithium-ion batteries, ensuring prolonged lifespan and optimal capacity utilization. The developed system can improve the efficiency of the wireless charging system to 90.3% with a 24 V, 16 Ah Lithium Ion Phosphate (LiFePO4) battery at a 160 mm distance between the coils.
Zedoarondiol inhibits human bronchial smooth muscle cell proliferation through the CAV-1/PDGF signalling pathway
Authors: Lyu Yinglan , Feng Wandi , Song Jingze , Wang Chunguo , Fu Yu , Zhao Baosheng , Meng Yanyan
Published: June 2024

Airway remodelling in lung diseases can be treated by inhibiting excessive smooth muscle cell proliferation. Zedoarondiol (Zed) is a natural compound isolated from the Chinese herb Curcuma longa. The caveolin-1 (CAV-1) is widely expressed in lung cells and plays a key role in platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signalling and cell proliferation. This study aims to investigate the effect of Zed on human bronchial smooth muscle cell (HBSMC) proliferation and explore its potential molecular mechanisms. We assessed the effect of Zed on the proliferation of PDGF-stimulated HBSMCs and performed proteomic analysis to identify potential molecular targets and pathways. CAV1 siRNA was used to validate our findings in vitro. In PDGF-stimulated HBSMCs, Zed significantly inhibited excessive proliferation of HBSMCs. Proteomic analysis of zedoarondiol-treated HBSMCs revealed significant enrichment of differentially expressed proteins in cell proliferation-related pathways and biological processes. Zed inhibition of HBSMC proliferation was associated with upregulation of CAV1, regulation of the CAV-1/PDGF pathway and inhibition of MAPK and PI3K/AKT signalling pathway activation. Treatment of HBSMCs with CAV1 siRNA partly reversed the inhibitory effect of Zed on HBSMC proliferation. Thus, this study reveals that zedoarondiol potently inhibits HBSMC proliferation by upregulating CAV-1 expression, highlighting its potential value in airway remodelling and related diseases.
Impacts of ACE insertion/deletion variant on cardiometabolic risk factors, premature coronary artery disease, and severity of coronary lesions
Authors: Luo Zhi
Published: June 2024

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is closely related to cardiometabolic risk factors and atherosclerosis. This study aims to investigate whether the insertion/deletion (I/D) variant of ACE gene impacts cardiometabolic risk factors, premature coronary artery disease (PCAD), and severity of coronary lesions. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Central, CINAHL, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched until December 22, 2023. 94,270 individuals were included for the analysis. Carriers of DD genotype had higher levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC) than carriers of II or ID genotypes. In addition, carriers of DD genotype were at high risk of PCAD and multiple vessel lesions. The impacts of ACE I/D variant on lipid levels were significant in American individuals but stronger in male individuals. In contrast, the impacts of ACE I/D variant on PCAD and severity of coronary lesions were primarily significant in Caucasian individuals. This study indicates that the ACE I/D variant has a slight but significant impact on cardiometabolic risk factors, PCAD, and severity of coronary lesions. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) may benefit high-risk populations with ACE DD genotype to prevent PCAD and multiple vessel lesions.

PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023426732
QM-DLA: an efficient qubit mapping method based on dynamic look-ahead strategy
Authors: Liu Hui , Zhang Bingjie , Zhu Yu , Yang Hanxiao , Zhao Bo
Published: June 2024

Quantum computing has already demonstrated great computational potential across multiple domains and has received more and more attention. However, due to the connectivity limitations of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices, most of the quantum algorithms cannot be directly executed without the help of inserting SWAP gates. Nevertheless, more SWAP gates lead to a longer execution time and, inevitably, lower fidelity of the algorithm. To this end, this paper proposes an optimized qubit mapping algorithm based on a dynamic look-ahead strategy to minimize the number of SWAP gates inserted. Firstly, a heuristic algorithm is proposed based on maximizing physical qubit connectivity to generate the optimal initial qubit mapping, which reduces the need for logical qubit shifts during subsequent SWAP gate insertion. Secondly, in the form of directed acyclic graphs, we identify quantum gates that violate the constraints of physical coupling and insert SWAP gates to remap qubits, thereby overcoming the limitations of qubit interactions. Finally, the optimal SWAP gate insertion strategy is built by comparing the cost of different SWAP gate insertion strategies through a multi-window look-ahead strategy to reduce the number of SWAP gates inserted. The experimental results show that the strategy in this paper decreases the number of SWAP gate insertions and significantly reduces the depth of quantum circuits when performing qubit mapping compared with state-of-the-art methods.
Comprehensive studies reveal physiological and genetic diversity in traditional rice cultivars for UV-B sensitivity
Authors: Senapati Preetam Kumar , Kariali Ekamber , Kisan Kuntala , Sahu Binod Bihari , Naik Arya Kumar Dibyananda , Panda Debabrata , Tripathy Santanu Kumar , Mohapatra Sanjukta , Mohapatra Pravat Kumar
Published: June 2024

Acclimation to crop niches for thousands of years has made indigenous rice cultivars better suited for stress-prone environments. Still, their response to UV-B resiliency is unknown. 38 rice landraces were grown in cemented pots in a randomised block design with three replicates under open field conditions in Sambalpur University in the wet season of 2022. Half of the plants in each of the cultivars were administered UV-B radiation at the panicle emergence stage in an adjustable UV-B chamber permitting sunlight, and the effects of the stress on various morpho-physiological features, such as spikelet sterility, flag leaf photosynthetic and flavonoid pigment contents, and lipid peroxidation activities, were estimated for calibration of stress resistance. The experiment identified Swarnaprabha and Lalkain as the most sensitive and resilient to stress respectively, and the differential response between them was further revealed in the expression of genes related to UV-B sensitivity. Subject to the stress, Swarnaprabha exhibited symptoms of injuries, like leaf burns, and a higher loss of various photosynthetic parameters, such as pigment contents, SPAD and Fv/Fm, ETR and qP values, while NPQ increased only in Lalkain. Exposure to UV-B increased the total phenolic and flavonoid contents in Lalkain while depressing them in Swarnaprabha. Such an effect amounted to a higher release of fluorescent energy in the latter. The levels of expression of gene families controlling flavonoid activation and UV-B signal transduction, such as OsWRKY, OsUGT, OsRLCK, OsBZIP, OsGLP, and CPD photolyase were similar in both the cultivars in the control condition. However, exposure to UV-B stress overexpressed them in resilient cultivars only. The magnitude of expression of the genes and the impact of the stress on photosynthetic parameters, phenolic compounds and pubescent hair structure at the panicle emergence stage could be valid indicators among indigenous rice for UV-B tolerance.
Caspase-4 promotes metastasis and interferon-γ-induced pyroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chiba Yosuke , Doi Tomomitsu , Obayashi Kunie , Sumida Kazuhiro , Nagasaka Shohei , Wang Ke-Yong , Yamasaki Kei , Masago Katsuhiro , Matsushita Hirokazu , Kuroda Hiroaki , Yatera Kazuhiro , Endo Motoyoshi
Published: June 2024

Caspase-4 (CASP4) is a member of the inflammatory caspase subfamily and promotes inflammation. Here, we report that CASP4 in lung adenocarcinoma cells contributes to both tumor progression via angiogenesis and tumor hyperkinesis and tumor cell killing in response to high interferon (IFN)-γ levels. We observe that elevated CASP4 expression in the primary tumor is associated with cancer progression in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Further, CASP4 knockout attenuates tumor angiogenesis and metastasis in subcutaneous tumor mouse models. CASP4 enhances the expression of genes associated with angiogenesis and cell migration in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines through nuclear factor kappa-light chain-enhancer of activated B cell signaling without stimulation by lipopolysaccharide or tumor necrosis factor. CASP4 is induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress or IFN-γ via signal transducer and activator of transcription 1. Most notably, lung adenocarcinoma cells with high CASP4 expression are more prone to IFN-γ-induced pyroptosis than those with low CASP4 expression. Our findings indicate that the CASP4 level in primary lung adenocarcinoma can predict metastasis and responsiveness to high-dose IFN-γ therapy due to cancer cell pyroptosis.
Scalable design of orthogonal DNA barcode libraries
Authors: Gowri Gokul , Sheng Kuanwei , Yin Peng
Published: June 2024

Orthogonal DNA barcode library design is an essential task in bioengineering. Here we present seqwalk, an efficient method for designing barcode libraries that satisfy a sequence symmetry minimization (SSM) heuristic for orthogonality, with theoretical guarantees of maximal or near-maximal library size under certain design constraints. Seqwalk encodes SSM constraints in a de Bruijn graph representation of sequence space, enabling the application of recent advances in discrete mathematics1 to the problem of orthogonal sequence design. We demonstrate the scalability of seqwalk by designing a library of >106 SSM-satisfying barcode sequences in less than 20 s on a standard laptop.
A novel technique for determining the distribution of impurities in crystals during cooling crystallization
Authors: Xiao Yiting , Pan Zhengbin , Duan Peichi , Yuan Jiayou , Kong Bo
Published: June 2024

This paper presents a novel fluorescence-staining method for effective solvent tagging within crystals, which can enhance impurity management.
Mechanistic study of a coke-resistance Ni/ZrO2 catalyst for dry reforming of methane under external electric fields: a combined first-principles and microkinetic modeling study
Authors: Jiao Hui , Wang Gui-Chang
Published: June 2024

Positive electric fields enhanced the DRM reactivity on Ni16/ZrO2 by promoting methane activation and CHx oxidation, while negative electric fields increased carbon deposition resistance due to advantageous CO2 activation.
Body mass index mediates the association between four dietary indices and phenotypic age acceleration in adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Jing , Wu Zibo , Xin Sitong , Xu Yang , Wang Fengdan , Liu Yan , Wang Sizhe , Dong Yibo , Guo Yuangang , Han Yu , Zhao Jing , Gao Yuqi , Sun Mengzi , Li Bo
Published: June 2024

Diet and obesity are associated with accelerated biological aging. Furthermore, obesity mediates the association between diet and accelerated biological aging.
Degradable polymers with adjustable thermoresponsiveness based on multicomponent polymerization and molecular recognition
Authors: Zhang Yue , Liu Shasha , Xu Changlan
Published: June 2024

Degradable PEG-based polymers with disulfide linkages and adamantyl groups are synthesized through multicomponent polymerization. The cloud point temperature and the zeta potential of the polymers can be adjusted through molecular recognition.
Total synthesis of dissectol A, using an enediolate-based Tsuji–Trost reaction
Authors: Andringa Ruben L. H. , Marinus Nittert , Bunt Daan V. , Haiderer Elizabeth R. , Abramovitch Robert B. , Brown Christopher D. , Rhee Kyu Y. , Witte Martin D. , Minnaard Adriaan J.
Published: June 2024

The densely functionalized terpene glycoside dissectol A has been prepared via site-selective oxidation and an intramolecular Tsuji–Trost allylic alkylation reaction with an enediolate as the nucleophile.
Dual-modal imaging-guided agent based on NIR-II aggregation-induced emission luminogens with balanced phototheranostic performance
Authors: Dong Chengjun , Zhang Ziwen , Wu Hongyu , Liang Xinting , Pang Shihao , Wu Kehuan , Sun Jie , Dong Xuemei , Sun Lixin , Gu Xianfeng , Zhao Chunchang
Published: June 2024

We have developed a series of novel single AIE fluorophores based on the N,N-diaryl dihydrophenazine moiety, which possess anti-quenching properties and can be utilized for efficient in vivo bioimaging and cancer phototherapy.
Controlling rates and reversibilities of elimination reactions of hydroxybenzylammoniums by tuning dearomatization energies
Authors: Fu Zihuan , Treacy Joseph W. , Hosier Brock M. , Houk K. N. , Maynard Heather D.
Published: June 2024

The factors that govern hydroxybenzylammonium-mediated amine releasing reactions have been computationally examined. This mechanistic insight led to subsequent experimental validation and generation of release half-lives as fast as 18 minutes.
Liquid–liquid phase separation induced by crowding condition affects amyloid-β aggregation mechanism
Authors: Kobayashi Ryuki , Nabika Hideki
Published: June 2024

Liquid–liquid phase separation induced by crowding condition affects the localization and fibril formation of amyloid-β.
Structure–property relationships in renewable composites of poly(lactic acid) reinforced by low amounts of micro- and nano-kraft-lignin
Authors: Makri Sofia P. , Klonos Panagiotis A. , Marra Giacomo , Karathanasis Alexandros Zoikis , Deligkiozi Ioanna , Valera Miguel Ángel , Mangas Ana , Nikolaidis Nikolaos , Terzopoulou Zoi , Kyritsis Apostolos , Bikiaris Dimitrios N.
Published: June 2024

Thermodynamic investigation into renewable composites based on PLA and 0.5% kraft-lignin and nano-kraft-lignin.
Impact of iron nitride-encapsulated bimetallic nickel molybdenum nitride on water-splitting efficiency in alkaline electrolytes
Authors: Jayaraman Venkatesan , Jang Ganghyun , Noh Gi-Hyeok , Murmu Manasi , Kim Do-Heyoung
Published: June 2024

In this work, NiMoN encapsulated by iron nitride sheets with varying loadings demonstrates enhanced water splitting performance. The 3FeNiMoN/1FeNiMoN assembly shows desirable cell voltage and durability.
Selectively activated suppressed quantum networks in self-assembled single-atom Ag catalyst-based room-temperature sensors for health monitoring
Authors: Chakraborty Nirman , Ghosh Anagha , Mojumder Subhajit , Mishra Ajay K. , Mondal Swastik
Published: June 2024

Dual mode quantum pathways in 2-step self-assembly mediated hybrid sensor system ensures multifunctional utility in ex situ and in situ breathe alcohol monitoring.
A Comparison of Hearing Thresholds, and the Resulting Prescribed Gain and Hearing Aid Outputs, Using Gold Standard Audiometry and the TympaHealth Hearing Assessment Tool
Authors: Saunders Gabrielle H. , Walker Adam , Heal Calvin , Ramdoo Krishan
Published: June 2024

Objective:

Phone- and tablet-based hearing testing systems are now widely available. Here, we evaluated one such system from TympaHealth by comparing air conduction thresholds and resultant hearing aid targets and output, measured with the TympaHealth system with those measured using standard audiometry.

Design:

The hearing thresholds of 35 adults were measured using standard audiometry and the TympaHealth system. Each set of thresholds was used to generate NAL-NL2 targets and program a hearing aid. The data from each system were compared.

Results:

Bland–Altman analyses showed overall mean differences between thresholds measured with each system to be small, with 85% of TympaHealth thresholds being within ±5 dB of the standard audiometric thresholds, although TympaHealth thresholds were higher (poorer) than the standard audiometric thresholds. The hearing aid targets and gains generated from the standard audiometric thresholds were lower (less amplification) than those generated from the TympaHealth thresholds but again, mean differences at each frequency were small and likely imperceptible.

Conclusion:

These findings support the possibility that valid hearing testing can take place outside of a clinical booth using portable systems like that from TympaHealth, opening up the possibility of testing hearing and fitting hearing aids through pharmacies, opticians, and in care homes.
Asteroseismic measurement of core and envelope rotation rates for 2006 red giant branch stars
Authors: Li Gang , Deheuvels Sébastien , Ballot Jérôme
Published: June 2024

Context. Tens of thousands of red giant stars in the Kepler data exhibit solar-like oscillations. The mixed-mode characteristics of their oscillations enable us to study the internal physics from the core to the surface, such as differential rotation. However, envelope rotation rates have only been measured for about a dozen red giant branch (RGB) stars so far. This limited the theoretical interpretation of angular momentum transport in post-main sequence phases.

Aims. We report the measurements of g-mode properties and differential rotation in the largest sample of Kepler RGB stars.

Methods. We applied a new approach to calculate the asymptotic frequencies of mixed modes, which accounts for so-called near-degeneracy effects (NDEs) and leads to improved measurements of envelope rotation rates. By fitting these asymptotic expressions to the observations, we obtained measurements of the properties of g modes (period spacing, ΔΠ1, coupling factor, q, g-mode offset term, εg, small separation, δν01) and the internal rotation (mean core, Ωcore, and envelope, Ωenv, rotation rates).

Results. Among 2495 stars with clear mixed-mode patterns, we found that 800 show doublets and 1206 show triplets, while the remaining stars do not show any rotational splittings. We measured core rotation rates for 2006 red giants, doubling the size of pre-existing catalogues. This led us to discover an over-density of stars that are narrowly distributed around a well-defined ridge in the plane, showing core rotation rate versus evolution along the RGB. These stars could experience a different angular momentum transport compared to other red giants. With this work, we also increased the sample of stars with measured envelope rotation rates by two orders of magnitude. We found a decreasing trend between envelope rotation rates and evolution, implying that the envelopes slow down with expansion, as expected. We found 243 stars whose envelope rotation rates are significantly larger than zero. For these stars, the core-to-envelope rotation ratios are around Ωcore/Ωenv ∼ 20 and show a large spread with evolution. Several stars show extremely mild differential rotations, with core-to-surface ratios between 1 and 2. These stars also have very slow core rotation rates, suggesting that they go through a peculiar rotational evolution. We also discovered more stars located below the ΔΠ1–Δν degeneracy sequence, which presents an opportunity to study the history of plausible stellar mergers.
A low cosmic-ray ionisation rate in the pre-stellar core Ophiuchus/H-MM1
Authors: Harju J. , Vastel C. , Sipilä O. , Redaelli E. , Caselli P. , Pineda J. E. , Belloche A. , Wyrowski F.
Published: June 2024

Aims. We test the use of three common molecular ions, ortho-H2D+ (oH2D+), N2H+, and DCO+, as probes of the internal structure and kinematics of a dense, starless molecular cloud core.

Methods. The pre-stellar core H-MM1 in Ophiuchus was mapped in the oH2D+(110 − N2H+(4 − 3), and DCO+ (5 − 4) lines with the Large APEX sub-Millimeter Array (LAsMA) multi-beam receiver of the Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment (APEX) telescope. We also ran a series of chemistry models to predict the abundance distributions of the observed molecules, and to estimate the effect of the cosmic-ray ionisation rate on their abundances.

Results. The three line maps show different distributions. The oH2D+ map is extended and outlines the general structure of the core, N2H+ mainly shows the density maxima, and the DCO+ emission peaks are shifted towards one edge of the core where a region of enhanced desorption had previously been found. According to the chemical simulation, the fractional oH2D+ abundance remains relatively high in the centre of the core, and its column density correlates strongly with the cosmic-ray ionisation rate, ζH2. Simulated line maps constrain the cosmic-ray ionisation rate to be low, between 5 × 10−18 s−1 and 1 × 10−17 s−1 in the H-MM1 core. This estimate agrees with the gas temperature measured in the core.

Conclusions. The present observations show that very dense, cold gas in molecular clouds can be traced by mapping the ground-state line of oH2D+ and high-J transitions of DCO+ and N2H+, despite the severe depletion of the latter two molecules. Modelling line emission of oH2D+ provides a straightforward method of determining the cosmic-ray ionisation rate in dense clouds, where the primary ion, H3+, is not observable.
The HST Large Programme on ω Centauri
Authors: Scalco M. , Bedin L. , Vesperini E.
Published: June 2024

In this paper we present the analysis of Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations of the globular cluster Omega Centauri. Our analysis combines data obtained in this work with previously published HST data from an earlier article of this series and encompasses a broad portion of the cluster’s radial extension. Our findings reveal a significant radial variation in the fraction of stars within the two largest stellar populations, showing that one of the main second-population groups (referred to as the blue main sequence (bMS) group) is more centrally concentrated than the first-population group (referred to as the red main sequence (rMS) group). Additionally, we explore the spatial variations of the other, smaller stellar populations (referred to as MSa and MSd) and find a qualitatively similar, but weaker, radial decrease in the fraction of stars in these populations at larger distances from the cluster centre. Only one of the populations identified (MSe) does not show any significant radial variation.
Bearing capacity of building structures reinforced with composite materials
Authors: Khayrnasov Kamil
Published: June 2024

Methods for strengthening building structures with composite materials are considered. The reduced characteristics of a multilayer composite material are determined depending on the orientation of the layers. The criteria for the destruction of a multilayer composite material used in many areas, including construction, are considered. Unlike a homogeneous material, the bearing capacity of which is determined by the ratio of the allowable stress to the effective stress in the elements of the building and structure. The failure criteria for a multilayer composite material is defined as the ratio of the effective stress to the allowable stress. At present, many criteria for the destruction of multilayer materials have been developed and tested. In the developed criteria, exceeding the permissible strength characteristics in one of the layers of the multilayer material leads to the destruction of the multilayer material as a whole. An example of calculation of a multilayer composite material is given. As a result, the layer, type, direction of load, and failure criterion are determined, which lead to the destruction of the multilayer composite material. In this study, cases of reinforced concrete structures reinforcement with composite sheets to increase strength and reinforcement of building materials from lightweight concrete subjected to bending loads are considered. An analysis of the results obtained is carried ou.
Experimental theoretical modelling of concrete shrinkage in massive structures
Authors: Arleninov Petr , Krylov Sergey , Kalmakova Polina
Published: June 2024

In spite of the high culture of modern construction, the majority of massive structures erected in different countries of the world cannot avoid shrinkage cracks during the curing process, which negatively affect both the stiffness and durability of such structures. Shrinkage processes in massive structures are not regulated by standards, although a large number of specialists deal with these issues. During design and construction of most massive structures (usually such structures are unique), separate special studies are carried out for each project, calculations of stress state are performed, and technological regulations are prepared, but the actual values of shrinkage deformations almost always differ from the calculated ones. The task of this study is to develop a methodology for measuring concrete shrinkage in massive structures, as well as to determine the qualitative criteria by which one or another shrinkage deformation can be estimated. The obtained results allow a more correct understanding of the stress-strain state that occurs in massive structures after pouring concrete mixture and more correctly prepare technological regulations, which will reduce the number of cracks in the poured structure.
Study of factors influencing organizational and technical solutions in the construction of monolithic reinforced concrete buildings
Authors: Muria Vadim , Valitova Yulia , Lapidus Azariy , Topchiy Dmitry
Published: June 2024

Having identified the relationship between the influencing factors of organizational and technical solutions and the effectiveness of the organization of the process of erecting structural elements of multi-storey buildings, it is possible to reasonably predict the probability of achieving the desired result at any stage of the construction process. The effectiveness of the method of assessing the factors of organizational and technical solutions is determined by a large-scale approach to the selection of factors that determine the organization of the process of erecting structural elements of monolithic buildings.
Probabilistic model of corrosion damage in bent reinforced concrete elements
Authors: Dekhterev Denis
Published: June 2024

When designing reinforced concrete structures operated in aggressive environments, there is a need to take into account corrosion damage and assess the overall reliability and durability of the structure. The calculation of reinforced concrete elements taking into account the corrosion of concrete and reinforcement is complicated by the stochastic nature of the parameters of corrosion processes. The conducted research is aimed at solving the urgent problem of improving the methodology of the probabilistic approach to the calculation of reinforced concrete elements under environmental and force influences. The article provides a probabilistic assessment of the reliability and durability of flexural reinforced concrete elements damaged by corrosion using a nonlinear deformation model of reinforced concrete. To take into account corrosive wear, well-known concrete deformation diagrams were used, taking into account changes in strength characteristics with increasing concentration of an aggressive environment. Reliability assessment was carried out in a specialized software package using the statistical modeling method. Based on the research results, graphs of changes in the reliability of a bendable reinforced concrete element damaged by corrosion over time were constructed.
On the strain differential effect in the theory of shape memory membranes
Authors: Kurbatov Alexey S. , Zhavoronok Sergey I.
Published: June 2024

A theory of thin shells made of shape memory alloys is developed. Such thin-walled elements could be used in various structures as sensors, actuators, vibration dampers, etc. The new incremental constitutive equations for a thin shape memory membrane shell are derived accounting for the strain differential effect taking the once coupled phenomenological model of thermoelastic phase transitions as a background. The solutions for spherical and cylindrical shape memory alloy shells loaded by the internal or external pressure and axial loads are obtained. It is shown that the ratio of second invariant of the deviatoric stress and the stress intensity impacts significantly on the strains accumulated by the shell during martensite phase transitions, as well as on the temperature ranges of phase transforms.
Safety of polyspasts as rescue lifting devices
Authors: Tserakh Nadezhda A. , Prostakishin Dmitriy A.
Published: June 2024

Construction accounts for 31.9% of economic activity in terms of the number of accidents as a result of falls from a height. PPE against falls from a height is one of the tools to ensure the safety of work at height. One of the important aspects of safety during a fall from a height is a well-designed rescue and evacuation plan, which involves safe and parametrically oriented components of the rescue system. The study examined the process of certification testing of polyspast. The analysis of the certification of the polispast using the requirements and methods of EN 1496-2020 (standard of the Eurasian Economic Union) is carried out, the requirements for the polyspast are defined in accordance with its functional purpose, as one of the components of the life-saving system of personal protective equipment against falls from a height. As part of the study, a comprehensive analysis of the problem of product safety was carried out. To date, the certification of polyspasts does not ensure the safety and quality of products on the territory of the EEU Customs Union. The authors have proposed possible solutions to this problem.
Application of lattice constructions for protection of high-rise chimneys from vortex shedding
Authors: Sergey Saiyan , Veronica Shelepina , Olga Yanushko , Nikhat Suleimanov
Published: June 2024

Consideration of vortex shedding response is important for high-rise chimneys when air flow causes strong vibrations of the structure in a certain range of wind speeds when the frequency of natural vibrations of the structure coincides with the frequency of Karman vortex shedding. Among the methods of protection against vortex shedding response, for example, the use of dampers, but the most interesting results show the optimization of enclosing constructions of high-rise chimneys, capable of reducing the amplitudes of lateral forces of wind effects caused by vortex shedding. Therefore, in this research, a study of the applicability of lattice enclosing constructions to protect high-rise chimneys from vortex shedding response by reducing the amplitude of wind effects is considered.
Examples of solving the problem of the theory of viscoelasticity by the finite element method in relation to reinforced concrete structures
Authors: Gaydzhurov Peter , Tsaritova Nadezhda , Korchagin Nikita , Autlev Madin , Dzerkaliy Alexander
Published: June 2024

Currently, there is very little information in the Russian literature about the development and practical application of numerical methods for studying the stress-strain state of concrete and reinforced concrete structures, taking into account the creep of concrete. As a rule, when analyzing the long-term deformation of such structures, calculators use an empirical approach based on the use of the reduced deformation modulus in combination with the creep coefficient, depending on the concrete class and the relative humidity of the environment. Further calculations are implemented according to the classical scheme of the finite element method (FEM) by introducing a reduced deformation modulus corresponding to the current parameters of the tone. The purpose of this study is to verify and validate the developed finite element algorithm and the corresponding software based on the results of experimental studies of the stress-strain state of reinforced concrete structures available in the literature. The objectives of the study include assessing the accuracy of the proposed methodology for analyzing the long-term deformation of reinforced concrete structures with various methods of external force action.
Integration of building information modeling and big data processing technologies
Authors: Sirotskiy Alexei
Published: June 2024

The article deals with the issues of global integration of the accumulated arrays of information models of capital construction objects into a common space of information models, created according to the principles of organization and big data processing. The problems of geoinformation binding of information models, organization of means and places of their storage, methods of processing and providing access to interested subjects are considered. It is proposed to create a common space of information models according to a distributed decentralized scheme with direct interaction between state and commercial participants, both in terms of business integration, and in terms of joint data management and implementation of replication technologies.
Formalization of modular algorithms for terrain modeling
Authors: Kulikov Vladimir Georgievich
Published: June 2024

Theoretical and practical issues of creating analog-discrete terrain models and their use for solving engineering problems are presented. With their help, it is possible to simulate, for example, areas of flooding, calculation of solar radiation intake, planning the construction of infrastructure facilities and other tasks. Various variants and interpretations of the construction of analytical, analog, graphical and discrete terrain models are considered. Block modules of pseudocodes of algorithms for constructing, processing and visualizing analog terrain models are given. Structured data sources for their creation are given. A method of step-by-step terrain modeling based on the use of logical-mathematical and matrix methods for processing large data arrays is proposed
Verification of the steel frame nodal connection digital model
Authors: Alekseeva Anastasiya , Buzalo Nina , Chernyhovski Boris , Filileev Alexey , Platonova Irina
Published: June 2024

In the steel frames of civil and industrial buildings, the most complex and responsible are the nodal interfaces of crossbars with columns, on the reliability of which the bearing capacity and rigidity of the frame depend. The features of typical structural solutions of frame assemblies are such that the involvement of individual sections of the material in the zone of plastic deformations begins at relatively low loading levels. At the same time, the designers do not take into account the influence of the elastic–plastic work of some elements of the node on the deformation and redistribution of forces in the frame. The presence of stress concentrators and the appearance of defects and damages, the probability of which increases in real operating conditions, can lead to premature failure of the frame elements. In order to eliminate erroneous ideas about the work of the frame assembly in the limiting state, it is necessary to perform a large number of experimental and analytical studies of the stress-strain state of the nodal joints. The authors carried out studies of the computational model, testing of samples of flange assemblies, as well as an analysis of the correspondence between the stress-strain state of digital models and experimental samples.
Criteria affecting the modeling of organizational and technological processes at the stage of operation of a capital construction facility
Authors: Paramonov Maksim , Zheglova Yulia
Published: June 2024

Considering the current situation in the digital transformation of the processes related to the capital construction facility and interaction through information modeling, it is possible to identify the main systems required to implement the idea of digital twin. These systems include information models, process automation and dispatching, infrastructure task management and others. However, an important issue is the guarantee of continuous transfer of machine-readable information about the capital construction object at all levels of its interaction. From the presented range of attributive parameters, the criteria that directly or indirectly affect the decisions on the operation of the capital construction object are highlighted. A methodology has been developed that allows for the assessment of the criterion attributes and the idea of obtaining a comprehensive assessment of a capital construction project at the stage of its operation has been proposed. The proposed idea can be flexibly used when assessing a model of a capital construction project using information modeling technologies.
Measuring the Adhesion Coefficient of a Pneumatic Tire to Road Surface
Authors: Vardanyan Yeghiazar Vahram , Harutyunyan Valerik Mamikon , Mosikyan Karapet Hakob , Khachatryan Garik Varuzhan , Smbatyan Azat Liparit
Published: June 2024

The relevance of developing a method for measuring the adhesion coefficient of a pneumatic tire to the road surface is due to ensuring the objectivity and accuracy of road audits as well as the expertise of road traffic accidents. Based on the results of the analysis, a device for measuring the adhesion coefficient of a pneumatic tire with road surface was designed for cars weighing up to 3.5 T and more than 3.5 T. The device features interchangeable motion slide blocks, a strain gauge transducer, and an electronic computing section which provides calculations of the adhesion coefficient at two- second intervals through a special program and stores the results in the memory of the device. Subsequently, based on the results of the recorded data, a computer program is used to create a diagram of the change in the adhesion coefficient of a pneumatic tire with road surface for the road section under study, as well as and the average value is determined. Experimental studies have obtained the results of measuring the adhesion coefficient of a pneumatic tire with road in case of different conditions of the surface; dry asphalt concrete, wet asphalt concrete, dusty and wet asphalt concrete, packed snow and black ice, ay various temperature conditions. The device has been registered as an invention in the Intellectual Property Office of Armenia under No. 852Y, dated 1.11. 2023.
The relationship between environmental factors and migration processes in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Nuraliev Nurlan Akimbekovich , Myrzabayeva Nargiza Myrzabekovna , Zhoomartova Eliza Zhoomartovna
Published: June 2024

This article examines the influence of environmental factors on migration processes in Kyrgyzstan, taking into account their socio-economic and political aspects. The article explores the relationship between them, with particular emphasis on internal migration from agricultural areas to urban centers. The causes and consequences of migration, including rural-to-urban emigration and internal population movements, are analyzed in the context of a deteriorating environmental situation and a changing climate. Particular attention is paid to the interaction of environmental factors with socio-economic conditions such as employment, income levels and access to resources. The influence of migration flows on the political situation in the country and possible strategies for managing these processes are also considered. Ultimately, the article highlights key challenges and opportunities for creating sustainable policies that promote environmental sustainability and socio-economic development in Kyrgyzstan.
Prospects for the development of small and medium-sized businesses in a green economy in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Abduzhalieva Elmira , Dolonova Tamara , Meymankulova Nurgul , Savina Svetlana
Published: June 2024

Today, small and medium-sized businesses in the Kyrgyz Republic are the main priority area of the country’s economic growth. I would like to note that the pandemic that has overtaken the whole world has significantly affected the state of business, since during this period many citizens of our republic were forced to look for a new type of income in order to feed themselves and their families. The purpose of this study is to identify factors influencing the development of entrepreneurship in Kyrgyzstan with an environmentally oriented economy. But when conducting analytical work in this sector of the economy, we see that it is experiencing difficulties not only in attracting capital, but also in attracting highly qualified personnel. It should be noted that at the moment the dominant small and medium-sized businesses in the republic are: ecotourism, trade, agriculture, public catering outlets, hotels, transport and transport services, communications, financial activities, educational services, medical services, provision and further implementation of social -utilities and personal services. And it is necessary to develop small and medium-sized businesses in these sectors of the national economy.
Unveiling the linkages between housing conditions and outward migration dynamics: A case study
Authors: Niiazalieva Kunduzkul , Derbisheva Elmira , Haijun Zhao , Assylbayev Aidar , Suranaev Turatbek
Published: June 2024

This study seeks to enhance the existing body of knowledge by examining the intricate relationship between housing conditions and patterns of outward migration. By drawing on relevant literature and empirical evidence, the research explores the diverse ways in which housing conditions impact the decision-making process of individuals and communities regarding migration to foreign countries. The analysis encompasses a comprehensive investigation into the influence of housing affordability, quality, availability, and stability on the dynamics of external migration. Methodologically, a mixed approach is employed, combining quantitative analysis of demographic and housing data with qualitative correlation analysis to capture the multifaceted nature of the phenomenon under investigation. The study aims to examine the effects of external migration on key indicators of the housing stock, particularly the commissioning of housing and the provision of living space for the population. A thorough understanding of the complex relationship between housing conditions and outward migration dynamics can inform the development of targeted interventions and policies to address migration-related challenges and improve housing conditions, thus reducing population outflows. Moreover, the research outcomes contribute to broader discussions on sustainable urban development, equitable housing, and social cohesion in the context of contemporary migration trends.