bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Observaties over de verhouding tussen algemene wetten en bijzondere wetten
Authors: van der Loop M.L.M.
Published: September 2024

Observaties over de verhouding tussen algemene wetten en bijzondere wetten

In dit artikel wordt betoogd dat bij mogelijke strijd tussen algemene en bijzondere wetten in beginsel van de algemene wet moet worden uitgegaan. De argumentatie hiervoor is aangevoerd dat het karakter van algemene wetten dat uitgangspunt rechtvaardigt en dat voor het tegengestelde uitgangspunt het wetgevingsproces niet rationeel genoeg is. De wetgever dient de vrijheid te hebben van een algemene wet af te wijken, mits hij (1) dit expliciet doet, (2) de afwijking motiveert en (3) op een andere wijze voorziet in de waarborgen die de algemene wet biedt.
De Wet dieren: een verkenning van het concept ‘integrale wetgeving’
Authors: van der Meeren A.J.P.
Published: September 2024

De Wet dieren: een verkenning van het concept ‘integrale wetgeving’

Deze bijdrage introduceert het concept integrale wetgeving om het fenomeen weer te geven dat de wetgever bestaande regelingen intrekt en deze vervolgens samenbrengt in één nieuwe wet. De auteur merkt op dat dit concept in opkomst is en een van de manieren is waarop de wetgever probeert om wetgeving te vereenvoudigen en consistenter te maken. Ook kaderwetten en de verhouding tussen integrale wetgeving en kaderwetten komen in deze bijdrage aan bod, waarbij de auteur constateert dat de kaderwet een concept is waarin integrale wetgeving tot uiting kan komen. De Wet dieren fungeert als voorbeeldcasus omdat zij een kaderwet is en een voorbeeld van integrale wetgeving.
(N)iemand kan twee heren dienen
Authors: Nap M.
Published: September 2024

(N)iemand kan twee heren dienen

Kamerleden kunnen ministers vragen om ambtelijke bijstand beschikbaar te stellen voor ondersteuning bij het opstellen van initiatiefwetgeving of amendementen. In een recente voorlichting verkent de Afdeling advisering handelingsperspectieven voor de omgang met de dilemma’s die kunnen ontstaan als gevolg van het bestaan van ministeriële verantwoordelijkheid voor deze bijstand.
“Trustworthy AI” Cannot Be Trusted: A Virtue Jurisprudence-Based Approach to Analyse Who Is Responsible for AI Errors
Authors:   University of Edinburgh, UK, Zhou Shilun
Published: September 2024

Erroneous results generated by artificial intelligence (AI) have opened up new questions of who is responsible for AI errors in legal scholarship. I support the prevailing academic view that human subjects should be held responsible for AI errors. However, I argue that the underlying reason is not pertained to the reliability of AI, but rather the inability of humans to establish a trusting relationship with AI. The term ‘Trustworthy AI’ is just a metaphor, which presents a sense of trust; AI itself is not trustworthy. The first section outlines the academic debate on the responsibility of AI. It contends that the perspective of these debates has shifted from the characteristics of AI, such as autonomy and explainability, to a human-centred perspective, which is how humans should develop AI. The assumption of responsibility depends on the existence of a trust relationship because when people believe that an individual can fulfil his or her responsibilities, they are willing to hand over power, resources or tasks to that individual. It applies a virtue jurisprudence-based approach to explain why humans cannot establish a trust relationship with AI To establish such a relationship, one subject must indicate to the other that its behaviour is based on specific moral motivation and that it can be held moral responsibility. Nevertheless, AI lacks moral motivation and moral responsibility. The third section reconsiders the scope of responsible subjects for AI errors. It posits that accountability should be limited to the individuals who are direct beneficiaries of the AI product. Finally, it argues that the scope of responsibility for AI errors should be disparate pursuant to the risk level of the AI. For high-risk AI, responsible subjects must fulfil both the obligations under the AI Act and the obligation to provide technical authentication. Keywords: AI Law, Trustworthy AI, AI Act, Legal Responsibility, Virtue Jurisprudence
Penanganan Acne Vulgaris Terkini
Authors: Yulinar Maulida  , M. Mimbar Topik
Published: September 2024

Acne Vulgaris (AV) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder in the pilosebaceous unit. This condition generally manifests as papules, pustules, or nodules especially on the face and can also affect the upper arms, trunk and back. AV is ideopathic, but can also be caused by increased sebum production, hyperkeratinization of hair follicles, colonies of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) bacteria and inflammatory processes. Some of these causes are related to risk factors as triggers, such as food factors, use of cosmetics, and psychological stress. AV is one of the most common dermatological conditions worldwide with an estimated 650 million people affected by this disease. The study of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) reports that AV attacks around 85% of young adults aged 12-25 years. Based on gender, women suffer more from AV than men with percentages of 69.7% and 30.3% respectively. Treatment of acne vulgaris is based on the level and severity of the acne. Treatment can be divided into pharmacological and physical therapy. Pharmacological therapy is the first line of treatment for acne vulgaris, it can be divided into topical and systemic treatment.
Pengaruh Senam Lansia Terhadap Lansia Dengan Hipertensi di UPTD Puskesmas Sei Lekop Kabupaten Bintan
Authors: Tilukman Tilukman  , Siska Natalia  , Wulan Pramadhani
Published: September 2024

In the elderly, the cardiovascular system will experience changes, such as arteries losing their elasticity, which can cause an increase in pulse and systolic blood pressure. Elderly exercise utilizes movement by activating the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems and increasing the release of various hormones which cause the individual's condition to relax. Elderly exercise is a physical activity that is useful for eliminating fat and cholesterol in blood vessels. This exercise is rarely carried out routinely at research sites. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of elderly exercise on hypertension in the elderly at the Sei Lekop Community Health Center. This study used a pre-experimental research design with a one group pre-post test design with probability sampling, involving 31 elderly people with hypertension. Blood pressure was measured with a spygmomanometer and elderly exercise was carried out according to procedures. Data analysis was carried out using paired t-test. The results showed that the average blood pressure before the intervention was 150.00/94.48 mmHg, whereas after the intervention the average blood pressure was 140.48/90.48 mmHg, with a p value = 0.001 for systolic pressure and 0.003 for diastolic pressure, so it was proven that there was a significant influence on blood pressure before and after the elderly exercise intervention was given to the elderly at the Sei Lekop Community Health Center. It is hoped that elderly exercise can be used and become a work program at the Community Health Center which is carried out routinely for both elderly people with hypertension and those who are healthy.
EFICIÊNCIA DA TECNOLOGIA REFREEZE: ENDERMOLOGIA E CRYO RF MAX NA REDUÇÃO DE GORDURA INTERCOSTAL: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Perdigão Natchely , Marinho Bruna , Serafim Graziele , Gonçaves Jennifer
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Este estudo visa avaliar a eficácia da associação das tecnologias Cryo RF Max e Endermologia, aplicadas através de uma mesma manopla, conhecida como Refreeze, no tratamento da gordura localizada na região intercostal. Método: Foi realizado um estudo de caso retrospectivo observacional descritivo com uma paciente feminina de 24 anos, sem patologias crônicas. Foram realizadas cinco sessões de tratamento entre setembro e outubro de 2022. As medidas antropométricas (peso, IMC e circunferência abdominal) e o volume de gordura intercostal foram avaliados antes e após o tratamento. As sessões utilizaram o aplicador Refreeze, com parâmetros específicos para adiposidade e flacidez. Resultados: A análise revelou uma redução significativa em todas as variáveis estudadas. O peso e o IMC, reduziram 7,10% e 7,26%, respectivamente. Já na circunferência abdominal média houve redução de cerca de 2,77%. O volume de gordura intercostal também apresentou uma redução progressiva significativa, atingindo 217,04 ml na quinta sessão. Conclusão: A combinação de Cryo RF Max à Endermologia, mostrou-se eficaz na redução da gordura localizada na região intercostal. A continuidade do tratamento e a aplicação de protocolos adequados são essenciais para maximizar os resultados. Estudos futuros com amostras maiores e protocolos variados poderão aprimorar ainda mais os efeitos e a personalização do tratamento para melhores resultados.
Microdialysis perfusion of COA-Cl enhances dopamine metabolism in the dorsal striatum of freely moving mice
Authors: Jamal Mostofa , Tsukamoto Ikuko , Takei Sella , Miki Takanori , Kinoshita Hiroshi , Takehiko Murase
Published: September 2024

We performed a microdialysis study to examine the effects of local perfusion of COA‑Cl on the extracellular levels of dopamine (DA) and its metabolites in the dorsal striatum of mice in vivo. The mice were perfused with Ringer’s solution (control) and COA‑Cl (0.05, 0.1, or 0.5 mM) into the dorsal striatum. Dialysate samples were collected every 30 min and then analyzed using high‑performance liquid chromatography coupled with an electrochemical detector. We found that local perfusion of COA‑Cl (0.1 or 0.5 mM) into the dorsal striatum of living mice produced a significant and dose‑dependent increase in extracellular levels of DA, 3‑methoxytyramine (3‑MT), and homovanillic acid (HVA), where only 0.5 mM COA‑Cl increased dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) levels. However, 0.05 mM of COA‑Cl did not significantly affect either DA levels or its metabolites. Then, we administered the monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor clorgyline alone or in combination with COA‑Cl (0.1 mM) to test whether COA‑Cl‑induced increases in DOPAC and HVA are mediated by increased MAO activity. Clorgyline alone increased 3‑MT levels and decreased DOPAC and HVA levels but not DA levels. When combined with COA‑Cl, clorgyline increased 3‑MT levels and reversed the decrease in DOPAC and HVA levels caused by clorgyline. The increase in DA metabolism induced by COA‑Cl suggests that some DA was further metabolized into DOPAC, 3‑MT, and HVA. This indicates that COA‑Cl plays a role in DA metabolism via increased DA release and/or activation of MAO, offering new insights into the effects of COA‑Cl on DA metabolism in the brain.
CALL OF DUTY®: warzone, um estudo sobre o comportamento de compra, no mundo virtual dos games
Authors: Silva Adriana Queiroz , Kanclarovicz Diego Ramon , Pedroso José Luan
Published: September 2024

Tendo em vista a grande quantidade de consumidores no mercado dos videogames, e de sua alta rentabilidade para os estúdios desenvolvedores, o presente trabalho buscou analisar os motivos que levam os jogadores a consumirem bens virtuais dentro do Call of Duty®: Warzone, que é um jogo virtual grátis, que obtém lucro através de venda de moedas virtuais por microtransações, e, posteriormente, são usadas para compra de modificações visuais ou de jogabilidade. A metodologia de pesquisa selecionada foi a descritiva com amostragem do tipo não probabilística por adesão, sendo considerada uma pesquisa quantitativa. A pesquisa obteve 75 respostas e se observou que os itens mais comprados pelos jogadores estudados são as skins de personagem, sendo a estética a temática de itens favorita. Com as informações obtidas foi possível identificar o perfil dos compradores, o que leva os mesmos a comprarem dentro do jogo, o quanto gastam, a frequência em que gastam e, principalmente, quais suas preferências em cosméticos.
Caracterização e monitoramento da qualidade de água de chuva armazenadas em cisternas nas comunidades rurais do município de Sousa e São João do Rio do Peixe, no estado da Paraíba
Authors: Oliveira Maria Aparecida Bezerra , Leite Valderi Duarte , Santos José Vandertônio dos , Malheiro Maria Letícia Felipe , Severo Regivania Moura , Souza John Williams Ferreira de , Guerra Thamires Dantas
Published: September 2024

A região semiárida do alto sertão paraibano sofre com dificuldades relacionadas ao acesso de água, e baixas precipitações ao longo do ano. Conforme problemática políticas públicas são destinadas para a região com o objetivo de disponibilizar água para as comunidades. Seguindo o objetivo de armazenação de água de chuva, as comunidades rurais dos municípios de São João do Rio do Peixe e Sousa, foram beneficiadas com cisternas de placas para armazenamento de água. Realizou-se visitas nas comunidades para coleta de amostras de água, com objetivo de analisar os parâmetros de potabilidade, mediante que ambas comunidades fazem uso da água para consumo humano. Destaca-se que os padrões de turbidez e fosfato estavam acima dos valores permitidos, assim como, encontrou-se presença de nitrito e nitrato nas amostras analisadas. É importante a construção de filtros nas tubulações das cisternas interligadas às residências, assim como, descarte da primeira chuva e constante manutenção das cisternas pela comunidade.
Economic Obligations in Implementing Corporate Social Policy of Large Entrepreneurial Structures in the Russian Federation
Authors: Kulkova Varvara Yu. , Grigorieva Natalia S.
Published: September 2024

The subject of the article is economic obligations in the implementation of social policy of large business structures. The aim of the study is to describe and summarize the practices of implementing economic obligations in the corporate social responsibility of large business structures, supplemented by identifying its impact on the performance indicators of the enterprise. The object of the study is the public joint-stock company KAMAZ — the largest automobile corporation of the Russian Federation, one of the 20 leading world manufacturers of heavy trucks, promoting the positioning of a socially responsible enterprise, which is reinforced in practice by the company’s leading positions in thematic ratings. The methodological basis of the study was the concept of corporate social responsibility. Research methods include case study, correlation and regression analysis. As a result, the relationship between investments in human capital and labor productivity of personnel was proven. Social programs within the framework of internal corporate social responsibility affect the interest of employees in labor relations, increase motivation, level of involvement and activity of personnel. Furthermore, the analysis revealed and proved the connection between investments in sustainable development of the enterprise and revenue. Social security of employees and satisfaction with working conditions motivates them to work more conscientiously, increase the level of involvement and activity of personnel. Thus, the efficiency and quality of work performed by personnel increases, and this in turn has a positive impact on the financial results of the company.
The Influence of the Regional Maternity Capital Program on Fertility (Case of Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug)
Authors: Denisova Irina A. , Kalabikhina Irina E. , Kuznetsova Polina O.
Published: September 2024

Since 2011 Russian regions began to develop their own maternity capital programs. Initially their funding was small, but gradually some regions significantly modernized their programs, expanding the categories of participants and significantly increasing payments. In particular, in the fall of 2019, the government of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (YNAO) announced a significant expansion of their regional program. The aim of this study is to test whether the positive birth rate dynamics in the YNAO compared to other regions was associated with the introduction of a relatively more generous maternity capital program. It is particularly noteworthy that the effects of updating the regional maternity capital program were observed in the context of a steady decline in fertility in Russia against the backdrop of growing socio-economic uncertainty, as well as stagnation and decline in real incomes of the population. To identify the direct effect of the regional maternity capital program, a discontinuity regression method was applied to individual data on fertility in the YNAO in 2015–2022. In addition to total fertility, models for different birth orders (for the first, second, third, and fourth and subsequent children) were considered. According to our estimates, the change in the total fertility rate (TFR) for all births amounted to 0.15. No effect was found for the first births, the growth of TFR for the second births amounted to 0.12, for the third births — 0.08. The observed changes were primarily related to the urban population’s fertility. Thus, we conclude that the modernization of the maternity capital program in the YNAO made it possible to slow down at the regional level the negative dynamics of fertility observed at the national level.
Modern Methods and Solutions for Water Resources Management in the Wadi-Watir Region (Egypt)
Authors: Ezzeldin Mostafa M.A. , Sinichenko Evgeny K. , Gritsuk Ilya I. , Gritsuk Anna I.
Published: September 2024

The main problem of water resources in Egypt is the increasing demand and decreasing supply, especially after the construction of the Ethiopian Renaissance Great Dam. One of the best solutions is the use of unusual alternative management techniques, including as a major one, rainwater harvesting and distribution. This paper examines the use of unconventional approaches to water management in arid regions based on rainfall accumulation. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and hydrological modelling, the suitability of the Wadi-Watir catchment (Egypt) for rainwater storage was assessed and optimal locations for the construction of storage structures were identified. The results of the study showed that 19% (666 km2) of the study area is highly suitable for the aims and objectives; 16% (573 km2) of the catchment area has limited realisability. Twelve sites were found to be suitable for the construction of storage dams. Fourteen sites are identified as optimal for the placement of percolation (filtration) reservoirs along watercourses. The area considered ideal for above-ground percolation (filtration) tanks is 25.9 km2. The optimum area for farm ponds is 1.34 km2. As a result, the construction of water storage structures is proposed to improve water management in the Wadi-Watir region. The implementation of the rainwater harvesting structures (SRF) was divided into three phases depending on the severity of the flash flood hazard. The first, second and third phases can meet 62.24% (34.24 mil m3) of the water demand. This approach is a new and modern solution to the problem of water scarcity under socio-economic and environmental pressures while achieving the goals of sustainable development in Egypt. The article is based on the dissertation research of Mohamed Mostafa Ezzeldin Abdelrahim (MGSU, dissertation council № 24.2.339.07, March 2024).
Employee Retention as a Priority for Russian Companies in 2024
Authors: Narozhnaya Diana A.
Published: September 2024

The article explores the main trends in personnel management within modern Russian organizations, identified through surveys of executives and HR managers. From the analysis of these surveys, employee retention has been highlighted as a priority in the face of a growing personnel deficit caused by demographic issues, the emigration of qualified specialists, and an aging population. The article also identifies specific characteristics of young professionals from Generations Y and Z, who make up a significant part of the workforce in today’s labor market. This necessitates the development and application of new approaches to employee retention to ensure organizational competitiveness. The concept of a candidate-driven market, which characterizes the labor market in most sectors of the modern economy in Russia, is explained in the article. Key factors contributing to staff turnover and employee satisfaction are highlighted, underscoring the need to develop comprehensive recommendations for staff retention that consider both macro- and microlevels of organizational management. Based on the analysis conducted, the article proposes tools for employee retention that can be utilized by modern Russian companies in the context of an existing and intensifying shortage of personnel. The recommendations emphasize a humanistic approach to personnel management, as it focuses on the well-being and needs of employees. This approach recognizes the significance of each individual within the organization, emphasizing respect, honesty, and fairness in interactions. A humanistic approach fosters a trusting and supportive work environment where employees can realize their potential and feel valued. Thus, it not only enhances employee satisfaction and loyalty and reduces staff turnover but also contributes to improving overall productivity and efficiency within the organization.
A New Member of BRICS — Egypt
Authors: Nikonov Vyacheslav A.
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes the political, economic and cultural development of Egypt over several millennia. It is claimed that Egypt is an ancient civilization, the «heart» of the Arab world and a recognized regional leader. The author explores the history of various state entities that existed on the territory of modern Egypt in the era of the Ancient World, Antiquity, the Middle Ages and Modern times. The emphasis is consistently placed on the rule of the pharaohs, Egypt’s presence in the Persian and especially the Greco-Roman world, the periods of the Arab conquest, Ottoman and British rule, the functioning of the independent Kingdom of Egypt and the Arab Republic of Egypt that succeeded it in 1953. The article contains a detailed overview of key events in the country’s internal life over the past 70 years, as well as Cairo’s activities in the international arena, including participation in the Arab-Israeli wars, relations with global and regional actors in the second half of the XX – early XXI centuries, the current position of the state as one of the leaders of the African continent. It is indicated that Egypt ranks first in Africa in terms of GDP, third in terms of population, has serious scientific and technical potential and advanced financial system by regional standards, actively attracts foreign investment and new technologies. In the field of foreign policy, Egypt, while maintaining relations with Western powers, is intensely cooperating with new centers of power, including Russia. The author concludes that today the Arab Republic of Egypt is a powerful regional actor that is diversifying its foreign policy and economic ties, as reflected by the country’s entry into the BRICS.
Competencies and expectations of a woman leader
Authors: Balcerzyk Dorota , Ludviček Paulina
Published: September 2024

The main objective of the research presented in this paper was to identify the managerial competencies of a woman leader. The first part of this paper explores the issue of leader competencies as they appear in the management literature. On the basis of the conducted research, the second part attempts to answer the question: which competencies are the most important for the leadership role of women in contemporary organisational reality? Women have the competence potential to be leaders and to be equally as successful as men. In view of the results of the literature review and the conclusions of the survey conducted among the employees of the organisation under research, it was largely possible to confirm the above thesis. Women are able to fulfil themselves in the aforementioned organisation, succeeding in leadership positions with adequate competence and knowledge. However, there are still quite a few barriers they still have to overcome. Introducing an explicit gender equality policy in the organisation would result in increasingly better results. This paper presents the results of research carried out by a company operating throughout Poland. The findings are very interesting and encourage research on a larger scale. They represent a valuable source of information for managers responsible for working with executives, their functioning and the achievement of the set organisational goals. In turn, for those responsible for recruiting managers, the findings may be useful in terms of developing a profile of the manager/team leader, particularly in identifying key soft competencies.
Analyzing the contribution of sialoendoscopy videos on YouTube to surgical education and patient information
Authors: Savran Fatih
Published: September 2024

Objectives: The study aimed to show the contribution of videos made on sialoendoscopy on YouTube to surgical education and patient information. Materials and Methods: A search on YouTube was performed for the term “sialendoscopy” without any changes to the standard search preferences between 15.01.2022 and 15.03.2022. Sixty-three videos about sialoendoscopy were found in the video scan. Sixteen videos were excluded from the study because they lacked audio. Ten videos were excluded for being repetitive. One video was excluded because it was in a non-English language. A total of 36 videos on the DISCERN score, JAMA score, and Global Quality Scale (GQS) were evaluated by two independent doctors. Two independent reviewers separately scored videos using a customized usability scoring scheme and evaluated video duration, views, days after upload, likes, and dislikes. Results: The total number of views of the videos was 624,893. The total duration of these videos was 374 min. The DISCERN, JAMA and GQS scores were found to be of poor quality. Conclusion: Doctors should be aware of this social media to raise awareness about sialolithiasis and to help patients distinguish misleading and useful information. YouTube is currently not a suitable resource for patients to learn about sialolithiasis. It is also not a suitable resource for doctors. Therefore, doctors should be more willing to provide peer-reviewed and more informative resources.
Evaluation of early postoperative complications after thyroidectomy: A retrospective study
Authors: Bayram Furkan
Published: September 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to report our experience in early postoperative complications of thyroid surgery. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted by retrospectively analyzing the files of 196 patients (145 females, 51 males; mean age: 48.0±18.9 years; range, 18 to 86 years) who underwent thyroid surgery between January 2017 and December 2021. Patients under the age of 18, patients with preexisting hypocalcemia, vocal cord paralysis, Horner's syndrome, tracheal or esophageal injuries, previous history of thyroid surgery (lobectomy, subtotal thyroidectomy), and patients whose files could not be reached were excluded from the study. Patients’ demographic data, preoperative indications, surgical technique, and early postoperative complications were recorded. Results: The most common surgical indication was multinodular goiter, with a rate of 33.7% (n=66). As the surgical technique, total thyroidectomy was performed in 127 (64.8%) patients, 54 (27.6%) patients underwent isthmelobectomy, and 15 (7.6%) patients underwent neck dissection combined with total thyroidectomy. Of the neck dissection patients included in the study, 12 (6%) were bilateral central, and three (1.6%) were lateral neck dissection. Early postoperative complications developed in 89 (45.4%) patients who underwent thyroid surgery. No complications were observed in 107 (54.6%) patients. Hypocalcemia was the most common complication with 33.1% (n=65). Hypocalcemia was followed by recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in 10.2% (n=20). Hematoma was observed in 3% (n=6), seroma in 3.5% (n=7), and wound infection in 1% (n=2). Tracheal damage, hoarseness, and chylous fistula were not observed among the patients included in the study. Conclusion: With close postoperative follow-up, a multidisciplinary approach to complications, and high surgical experience, the rates of complications developing in the early period due to thyroid surgery are reduced. Thyroid surgery is a safe surgery with low morbidity and mortality rates when suitable conditions are provided.
Do clutterers really speak fast?
Authors: Altınsoy Aslı
Published: September 2024

Objectives: This study aims to determine whether there is a difference between the speech and articulation rates of people with cluttering (PWC) and controls. Patients and Methods: The descriptive study included 11 PWC (4 males, 7 females; mean age: 36±11 years; range, 23 to 52 years) and 11 controls (4 males, 7 females; mean age: 35.5±10.7 years; range, 22 to 50 years) between February 2023 and May 2023. Three hundred syllables of speech samples were recorded and analyzed using two different rates of speech techniques. Normal disfluencies and pauses were included in the measurements of speech rate, but these linguistic elements were excluded from global time in the calculation of articulation rate. The ratios of 300 syllables to time were compared between the PWC and control groups. Results: According to the descriptive results, the standard deviations of the PWC in both rate assessments were higher. A significant difference was found between the two groups in the speech rate (p=0.001) and articulation rate (p<0.001). The PWC talked about 1.5 syllables per second faster than typical speakers. Conclusion: The objective measurements showed that PWC were mostly rapid speakers. Speech rates of PWC should be addressed as a therapy goal, but there is a need for further studies to examine the speech motor characteristics of PWC.
Habitat suitability and niche interaction between the invasive snail Achatina fulica and its biocontrol flatworm Platydemus manokwari in Southeast Asia
Authors: Yu Britney Ann , Cadiz Geofe , Flores Mary Joyce , Edullantes Brisneve
Published: September 2024

Bioinvasions are increasingly altering community structures around the world, especially with the changing climate. In invaded areas, biocontrol agents are introduced to regulate the invasive species. However, without thorough evaluation, these agents can proliferate and threaten other organisms. We assessed the niche dynamics between invasive Achatina fulica (Giant African Snail) and its biocontrol agent, the Platydemus manokwari (New Guinea Flatworm), in Southeast Asia. Species occurrence and environmental data were used to model the habitat suitability of both species in the present and future climate scenarios using ecological niche modeling with the MaxEnt algorithm. These models predicted 25.9% and 42.0% of the current conditions to be suitable and 73.8% and 57.8% to be unsuitable for A. fulica and P. manokwari, respectively. There was a predicted steady increase in suitable areas and a gradual decrease in A. fulica’s unsuitable areas as the carbon emissions are predicted to increase. Moderate to high niche overlap of 61.2% to 83.4% was expected between the species under different climate scenarios. Predicting the suitable areas for invasive species and their niche interaction with other species in future scenarios will aid in identifying vulnerable areas for conservation.
EFFECT OF ORGANIC LEACHATE AND RICE WASHING WATER ON COMPOSTING TIME OF ORGANIC WASTE
Authors: Yahya Husnawati , Rahman Arief , Win Kuara Rezeki
Published: September 2024

Waste is an integral part of human life. The increase in population is one factor that increases the waste generated. The more the population, the more activities are carried out. Organic leachate and rice washing water are environmentally friendly compost activators and are easily obtained from daily activities. Composting is a waste management strategy. Composting is an organic method through the activity of microorganisms to decompose natural materials into materials, including humus. The purpose of this study was to determine the moisture content, temperature, pH, C/N ratio, and macro nutrients during the composting process. The physical parameters of compost from the three activator concentrations showed that the treatment of P3 (with the addition of leachate formulation 20 ml/kg and rice washing water 15 ml/kg) and P2 (with the formulation adding 20 ml/kg leachate and 10 ml rice washing water), the physical compost were brownish black in color, fine textured and smelled of soil on the 22nd day. The P3 treatment has met the quality criteria of compost according to  SNI 19-7030-2004, the moisture content (30%), temperature (27°C), pH (6,8), C-Organic (32,9%), Nitrogen (1,42%), Phosphor (0,65%) and Potassium (1,63%). For the C/N ratio, the result of all treatments did not meet the quality criteria of compost according to SNI 19-7030-2004. The C/N ratio of all treatments showed that it is still above the maximum standard that has been set at 20.
Spore Production and Inoculum Formulation of Claroideoglomus Etunicatum and its Application in Maize (Zea Mays)
Authors: Rosita Risa , Dewantara Eris Deden , Aslan Aslan , Imran Zulhamsyah
Published: September 2024

Recently, the demand for AMF (Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi) fertilizer for agriculture, plantation, and forestry in Indonesia has been very high. Meanwhile, the unavailability of an applicable AMF inoculum that's easy to use and inexpensive is one of the constraints on AMF application as a fertilizer in the field. It indicates that the best formulated inoculum must be found. The study aimed to produce AMF spores using conventional and hydroponic system, formulate the best AMF inoculum, and measure the growth response in maize (Zea mays) after applying the formulated inoculum. In the formulation stage, the study was designed using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 1 factor. The factor was the type of formulation. Data were analyzed using SAS software version 9 and further tested using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% alpha (α) level. The results reported that the conventional pot culture technique (CVNE2) treatment that had been inoculated by Claroideoglomus etunicatum produced the highest spore density amount of 350 ± 6.97 per 10 g of zeolites (P<0.05). On the other hand, the hydroponic NFT (NFTE2) treatment that had been inoculated by C. etunicatum obtained the highest AMF percent colonization amount of 98% ± 2.66% (P<0.05). Analysis of variance in the formulation stage showed TZ60F1 treatment had a significant effect (P<0.05) in increasing plant height, the number of leaves, and dry weight of Zea mays, respectively 120 cm ± 1.7 cm; 15 ± 0.84; 26.3 g ± 2.46 g in 3 months after application.
O DESIGN NO PLANEJAMENTO DE CONTROLE DE ACESSOS A ESPAÇOS: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Vitorino Danilo Fernandes , Araújo Diogo Amorim de , Grillo Willian das Neves , Silva Bismak Rodrigues da , Caldas Fred Lins , Costa Gustavo , Meneses Marcelo Barros , Silva Taciana Mirelly de Melo
Published: September 2024

O artigo aborda os desafios enfrentados pelo CESAR e CESAR School em relação à gestão de acessos às suas instalações, que diariamente recebem um público diversificado, incluindo colaboradores, alunos, terceiros e visitantes. O processo atual apresenta gargalos que comprometem a fluidez das informações e a gestão de dados, expondo as instituições a riscos. O estudo tem como objetivo desenvolver melhorias e soluções para otimizar os fluxos de entrada e saída, implementando novas tecnologias e considerando as interações de diferentes stakeholders, categorizados em três grupos principais: usuários essenciais, internos importantes e externos/outros. Propõe-se a criação de uma "autoridade de controle e gestão de acessos do CESAR", que centralizará e integrará os processos, pessoas e sistemas, buscando soluções para os problemas identificados. As ações sugeridas devem ser cuidadosamente avaliadas pelos stakeholders envolvidos, garantindo sua aplicabilidade e contribuição efetiva para a segurança e eficiência das operações.
Uso de terapias alternativas no manejo da dor em animais domésticos: Uma revisão narrativa da literatura
Authors: Chaves Lídia Ketry Moreira , Silva Hellen de Oliveira , Bojar Flávia Carvalho , De Oliveira Michelly Dias , Miranda Maria Laura Alvares França , De Almeida Ana Júlia Lemes , De Oliveira Amanda Caroline Miranda , Ribeiro Lucas Correa , Neves Guilherme Maranhão Carneiro , Silva Letícia dos Santos , Waterloo Mateus de Melo Lima
Published: September 2024

Objective: To explore the impact of alternative therapeutic approaches on pain management and animal welfare, highlighting the integration of complementary methods to conventional treatments. Animal welfare is directly related to quality of life, which includes psychological, physical, environmental, and social factors. Because of the many facets of pain and the individual responses of animals to it, it is difficult to assess this complex and subjective experience. To address pain, it is essential to observe physiological and behavioral signs. To do this, you can use tools like the University of Melbourne Pain Scale to assess pain intensity. Traditional methods are being complemented by new alternative therapies such as acupuncture, homeopathy, herbal medicine, and aromatherapy. While acupuncture stimulates specific points to restore balance, Bach flower remedies offer a more comprehensive approach that focuses on emotions. With caution, aromatherapy can relieve anxiety and stress. While cannabidiol (CBD) has the potential to treat chronic diseases and relieve pain, additional research needs to be conducted to confirm its safety and effectiveness. These alternative therapies offer valuable options for pain management and improving animal welfare by encouraging continued research and personalization of treatments.
O sentido da escola pela ótica dos estudantes
Authors: da Luz Julia Cristina Zeferino , Branco Milena Pereira de Souza , Borges Roselania Francisconi
Published: September 2024

A motivação/desmotivação presente nas escolas está relacionada à presença ou ausência de significados e sentidos desta instituição para os estudantes, o que torna importante refletir sobre como o envolvimento dos alunos com a aprendizagem vem sendo afetado pelas metodologias de ensino, pelas dinâmicas de aula e pelas poucas relações dos conteúdos com suas vivências. Esta pesquisa é de cunho qualitativo e exploratório e tem como objetivo compreender a relação entre o sentido da escola e o interesse pelos estudos para alunos do 9° ano de uma escola pública do Estado do Paraná. A metodologia foi constituída por entrevistas com os estudantes. Os resultados demonstram que a função de ensino conferida à escola é compreendida pelos alunos e estes atribuem a ela papel importante para o seu futuro ao contribuir com o ingresso no ensino superior, no mercado de trabalho ou na melhoria da qualidade de vida. As disciplinas mais atrativas para os estudantes costumam envolver temáticas relacionadas à profissão que desejam exercer, visto considerarem a utilidade que têm/terão em suas vidas. Entretanto, o sentido da escola é afetado negativamente pelas aulas vagas e/ou repetitivas, pela distância entre o conteúdo ensinado e o cotidiano, pelas relações interpessoais desrespeitosas no ambiente escolar, pela precariedade da estrutura física e pela falta de recursos humanos e materiais. Portanto, o sentido que os alunos veem na escola está diretamente ligado ao quanto o conhecimento transmitido/adquirido pode ser útil no presente e no futuro, como também ao tipo de aprendizado e experiências vivenciadas no ambiente escolar.
Contaminant fungi in processed peanuts
Authors: Costa Thâmara Cristina de Oliveira , Santos Wallisson Felipe Giliolli , Machado Simone Silva , Blanco Angel José Vieira
Published: September 2024

Peanuts (Arachis hipogea L) are a plant cultivated in many parts of the planet and are considered a relevant food crop, with many minerals and vitamins in their grains, as well as fats and proteins, which are important for human health. In underdeveloped or developing countries, peanuts represent an important source of income for many families, and can be used by the oil and animal feed industries. Despite being a low-cost food source, peanuts can pose risks to human health, as they are subject to contamination by mycotoxin-producing fungi. Mycotoxins are heat-resistant compounds, which are not completely eliminated after heat treatment, meaning that even when roasted or cooked, peanut kernels can cause inconvenience to those who consume them. Cases involving allergies, necrosis of organs such as kidneys and liver, and even carcinogenesis, caused by mycotoxins, are widely recorded in the medical literature. This research work aimed to evaluate the occurrence and diversity of mycotoxin-producing fungi in peanut kernels, sold in closed packages in the city of Inhumas. BDA medium (potato dextrose agar) was used for the isolation of fungi. The sampling consisted of 200 grains, belonging to five different brands. Half of the samples were disinfected with 1% sodium hypochlorite. Morphological characteristics (macroscopic and microscopic) of the colonies were used to identify the genera to which the isolated fungi belong. The results revealed a high rate of fungal contamination in peanut kernels, with Fusarium being the predominant fungus. Fungi of the genera Rhizopus and Aspergillus were also identified in the samples. It is expected that the results obtained will contribute to increase the information on the presence of toxigenic fungi in peanut kernels, helping in the decision-making of regulatory agencies and consumers who use this important food source.
Clinical-epidemiological profile and outcome of snakebite accidents in the State of Pará: A portrait of the last two decades
Authors: Pallaro Eduardo Fernando , Gomes Victor Alexandre Santos , da Rocha Diego Matos Faria , dos Remédios Vinícius Silva , Souza Jeremias Jonathan de Souza e , Chalkidis Hipócrates de Menezes
Published: September 2024

Objective: The study seeks to address snakebites from venomous snakebites, focusing on the state of Pará, Brazil, over the last two decades (2003-2022). Methods: retrospective research methods were used, using data from the Notification and Notifiable Diseases System (SINAN) and the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET). Results: A total of 98,979 cases were recorded, with a predominance of men (75.5%) in the age group of 20 to 39 years (38.9%). Most cases resulted in cure (82.4%), with the brown ethnicity being most affected (78.8%). Santarém was the city with the most notifications (4,212 cases), and the snake of the genus Bothrops was the most prevalent (87.3%). Conclusion: The results highlight clinical, demographic and environmental aspects of accidents, providing insights for the efficient allocation of resources in coping with these events in Pará and for the education of the population.
A novel scoring system to reduce bias in placental microsurgery training
Authors: Villanueva Pablo Javier , Villanueva Barbara Magdalena , Arcienaga Antonio Adrian , Rodriguez Hector Ivan , Lausada Natalia Raquel , Lagier Maria Eugenia
Published: September 2024

Objective: The manual skills required for microsurgical interventions have reached a level of complexity that presents a significant challenge to practitioners. The assessment and validation of these skills have become a fundamental aspect of training programs, with the implicit responsibility of establishing specific and efficient methodologies, as well as the proper validation of acquired skills. It is of paramount importance that a training program is free from bias, particularly in relation to the selected simulator details. In order to provide enhanced training quality and accurate results, this paper presents a novel and logical approach to classifying a placental simulator. Method: A standardized microsurgical training protocol, previously published in the literature, was performed with the addition of a new variable for the assessment of vascular quality and measurement of simulator difficulty level (SDL). This quality assessment was also intended to serve as a comprehensive understanding of the current difficulty level of the particular simulator, allowing the operator to adjust a proper level of caution and finesse. Subsequently, a statistical analysis was conducted to examine the impact of the SDL on the protocol main variables. Results: Thirty-four placentas were used for sixty-three procedures. The time decreased from 42 minutes (first attempt) to 21 minutes (attempt number 47). Then a plateau level was reached with small variations in time. The mistake rate also decreased from an average of 35% major mistakes to 12.25%. Even after reaching the plateau level, both time and mistakes shown irregular and small variations. For 21 samples graded as High difficulty (HD), the mistake score accounted 53, with an average of 2,52. For 31 samples graded as Regular difficulty (RD), accounted 24, average of 0,77. For 11 samples graded as Low difficulty (LD), accounted 6, average of 0,54. These results were confirmed after filtering for “first procedure on that simulator” only. Addtitionally, it was found that a second attempt on the same simulator was always a more quality (less mistakes made) and faster (less time to achieve the goal) one. Conclusion: The SDL score (assessed by measuring vascular and perivascular variables) demonstrated the anticipated concordance with the time taken and the errors committed. The SDL score and its interpretation can be effectively employed to reduce bias and justify the variance resulting from minor simulator discrepancies. Details about regular variations (arising from the biological substrates used as simulators and/or real surgical scenarios) should be taken into account when assessing the effectiveness of microsurgical procedures.
The effects of recidivism on criminal enforcement
Authors: Cananéa Lilian Frassinetti Correia , Vilar Peterson Rodrigues Macêdo
Published: September 2024

The main purpose of the article is to analyze the effects of recidivism in the context of penal execution, when prison task forces are carried out. In order to develop the study, the starting point will be the understanding of the functioning of the task forces and, then, the legal analysis of the issues related to recidivism. The general objective of the study is to analyze what are the effects of recidivism on penal execution and, in order to achieve the desired proposal, the following are the following specific objectives: to understand the functioning of a prison task force; reflect on the importance of the prison task force; understand the position of the STJ with regard to the process of calculating penalties for cases of recidivism. To this end, as a technical procedure, a bibliographic, descriptive research and deductive approach method will be carried out.
Investigation of islands of resistance in complete genomes of Brucella abortus
Authors: de Sousa Neto Antonio Santiago , Barroso Fabricio Trindade , Dias Cleidianne Ferreira , Veras Adonney Allan de Oliveira , Alves Jorianne Thyeska Castro , de Sá Pablo Henrique Caracciolo Gomes
Published: September 2024

The current evolution of sequencing platforms has increased the amount of information generated and drastically reduced prices. The use of these technologies enabled the development of several omics sciences. Thus, conducting in silico experiments through bioinformatics provides basic information for various omics analyses, such as genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, among others. These analyses are especially important when the target of the study is a microorganism of biotechnological, agricultural or environmental interest, as is the case of Brucella abortus, a Gram-negative, immobile bacterium with absence of flagella, non-capsulated, non-spore-forming, aerobic, considered a facultative intracellular pathogen and whose cultivation is considered complex. Thus, the objective of this project is to analyze the complete genomes of Brucella abortus available in databases, through bioinformatics approaches, to characterize the resistance profile, evolution and mechanisms of virulence and pathogenicity.