bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Software Reviews : The U.S. Constitution: Our Guarantee to Liberty; the Constitutional Amendements: What They Mean to You
Authors: Jurin Ivan J.
Published: August 2008

THE U.S. CONSTITUTION: O UR G UARANTEE TO LIBERTY and its companion, THE CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS: WHAT THEY MEAN TO YOU, are interactive tutorial programs intended for use in grades 8-12. The programs give the main points of each of the seven articles and 26 amendments of the Constitution. Summaries and lists of key provisions are presented for study before a drill-and-practice activity is done. Branching for needed remediation is included. Regrettably, this portion of the software is just a textbook and workbook on disk, without the more extensive explanation and analysis which the printed page can give.
Software Reviews : FDR and the New Deal
Authors: Jurin Ivan J.
Published: August 2008

FDR AND THE NEW DEAL is an interactive tutorial for students learning about how Roosevelt dealt with the problems of the Great Depression through federal legislation from 1933 to 1940. The play sequence is divided into three parts: legislative action, executive action, and events. In the first two parts the player tries to match the actions actually taken by Roosevelt. Events are given for a historical perspective. The ideological results of congressional elections bear on which legislation will pass and what future legislation will be proposed. The player's ability to make historically accurate decisions determines whether or not Roosevelt gets re-elected in 1936 and 1940.
Book Reviews : Artificial Intelligence: The Very Idea Publisher: The MIT Press, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142 Year of Publication: 1985 Length: 287 pages Price: $14.95 Intended Audience: Cognitive and social scientists Usefulness: High Clarity: Exceptional Difficulty: Not easy
Authors: Haugeland John
Published: August 2008

Artificial Intelligence: The Very Idea is a lucid and admirably objective consideration of what artificial intelligence can reasonably aspire to and how that relates to the capabilities of human minds as understood in psychology and philosophy. Despite the virtual absence of technical notation, important computational ideas and techniques are presented with remarkable fidelity. The author bids us to consider (though not necessarily to accept) not only the very idea that one might artifice intelligence, but also the startling related idea that our own intelligence is equivalent to an artifice, that "we are, at root, computers ourselves."
Book Reviews : Computers and Social Change: Information Property and Power Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing Company, 10 Davis Dr., Belmont, CA 94002 Year of Publication: 1987 Length: 264 pages Price: $22.75 Intended Audience: Undergraduates Usefulness: High Clarity: Good Difficulty: Beginner
Authors: Perrolle Judith A.
Published: August 2008

I have adopted this book for my upper-division undergraduate course, "Computers and Society," a combination computer-literacy/social-impacts-of-computers course. It is a far better social science text than others I have reviewed. The best of these computer literacy or introductions-to-applications-use texts provide reasonably detailed histories of the development of computing, a thorough introduction to hardware and software, and a section on social impacts with chapters devoted to various institutions, for example, medicine. I have used Logsdon (1980), Hopper and Mandell (1984), Capron and Williams (1986), and Hussain and Hussain (1986).
Book Reviews : Microcomputers and the Social Studies
Authors: Braun Joseph A.
Published: August 2008

The book is designed to be a resource for social studies teachers who want to use microcomputers in their academic programs. A comprehensive annotated bibliography including books, articles, and software published since 1979 on computer-assisted and computer-managed instruction is the core of the book. The book also provides a brief history of computers, their components, and how they work. Strategies on how to evaluate software for usage in instruction are presented. An in-depth explanation is given of how social studies may benefit from the use of database programs, with a particular review of the SCHOLASTIC family of PFS educational-version programs.
Book Reviews : BASIC for Teachers
Authors: Besag Frank P. , Levine Leonard P.
Published: August 2008

Assuming no experience with computing, this book teaches the BASIC language with an emphasis on programming educational applications. Part of the two-volume Computer Literacy for Teachers set, the major advantage of this book is that each topic is presented in the context of practical applications. The clear, concise, unintimidating approach allows users to begin programming early and effectively. Overall, the book is a good place for the beginning user to begin to acquire skills in BASIC. (Reviewed by Manuel Frau-Ramos, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras.)
Computing in Public Administration: Practice and Education
Authors: Norris Donald F. , Thompson Lyke
Published: August 2008

The computers used in public administration before the 1980s, which tended to be large, expensive, user-hostile, and limited systems that required extensive support, have given way to user-friendly, high-speed, interactive systems. The institutionalization of the latter is bringing vast changes to public administration education and practice. Keywords: common practices, leading-edge practices, institutionalization, integration.
New Approaches to Expert Systems and Artificial Intelligence Programming
Authors: Brent Edward
Published: August 2008

The author provides an updated review of expert systems and languages available to social scientists, emphasizing new programs and new implementations of well-established models. Practical recommendations are made for social scientists wishing to embark on this much-publicized but infrequently used type of research. Keywords: expert systems, artificial intelligence, hypertext.
Software Reviews : Business Week's Business Advantage
Authors: Larson Bruce
Published: August 2008

This business simulator challenges the user to meet specific objectives by making decisions about marketing, production, operations, and finance. Although primarily intended for management training, this excellent program could be of use in any context in which the actual or desired behavior of the firm is being considered.
Software Reviews : Who'll Save Abacaxi: A Third-World Government Simulation Publisher: Focus Media, Inc., 839 Stewart Ave., PO Box 865, Garden City, NY 11530 (telephone: 800-645-8989, 516-794-8900) Year of Publication: 1988 Materials: Three disks, teacher manual, student workbook Price: $65 Machine Specificity: Apple II series System Requirements: 64K Effectiveness: Excellent User-Friendliness: Excellent Documentation: Excellent
Authors: Mayer Demetrulias Diana
Published: August 2008

ABACAXI is an interactive simulation program designed for social science courses—economics, political science, history, geography, and global studies. The simulation calls for the student to assume a five-year term of office as president of Abacaxi, a fictitious troubled third world country. The challenge is to lead the people of the country to "democracy, bread, and dignity." In assuming this role, the student must make difficult and complex decisions.
Gerrymanders and Gerrygons: Microcomputer-Assisted Spatial Analytic Approaches to Vote Dilution Detection
Authors: Wildgen John K.
Published: August 2008

When the Supreme Court made one person, one vote, the law of the land, the art of gerrymandering enjoyed a renaissance. The simultaneous advent of computers turned an old art into a new technology; yet the same technology, guided by an understanding of the complicated legal, historical, statistical, technical, methodological, and normative issues, may be employed to detect gerrymanders. Here we discuss the capabilities and limitations of common software and hardware in gerrymander construction and detection, and present the framework of a general strategy for using computers in the field of apportionment. Keywords: artificial intelligence, BASIC, gerrymander, malapportionment, mapping, PROLOG vote dilution, microcomputers.
The Decision Process Equivalency of Electronic Versus Pencil-and-Paper Data Collection Methods
Authors: Helgeson James G. , Ursic Michael L.
Published: August 2008

An experiment was conducted comparing electromc versus pencil-and-paper data collection methods. The consistent Ending was that the electromc data collection method displayed more stability across levels of the methodological variables. No significant differences were found in the responses received for the data collection methods or interactions. The findings for these two primary topics of study combined with the absence of significant differences across data collection methods for measures of three additional variables, involvement with the product, attitude toward survey research and questionnaire completion time, lead to the conclusion that electronic and pencil-and-paper data collection approaches provide data that is equivalent and interchangeable in many if not all ways. Keywords Electromc data collection, data collection methods, response effects, decision processes, protocol analysis, survey research.
The Rise of Computing in Anthropology: Hammers and Nails
Authors: Wagner Richard A.
Published: August 2008

While there is considerable use of computing within anthropology, the potential for a true anthropological computing remains largely unfulfilled. Disciplinary history, funding priorities, and lack of organization among computer-oriented anthropologists have contributed to a situation discouraging the development of computer-assisted instruction, research, and publication forums. Recent attempts to address these problems, coupled with new distribution media and networks, offer hope that the next few years will see dramatic advances in anthropological applications. Keywords: computer-assisted instruction, computer-aided research, videodisc, CD-ROM, hypertext, HyperCard.
Historians and Microcomputing, 1989
Authors: Slatta Richard W.
Published: August 2008

Historians, like other scholars of the 1980s, have incorporated word processing into their work lives. But only a tiny minority uses other applications, such as database management, spreadsheets, or classroom simulations. This article first focuses on the exceptional cases—those few historians who have embraced and applied computer technology to teaching and research. It describes ways of integrating software into the history classroom. Second, it sketches online research and teaching possibilities open to historians who communicate via modem. Finally, it closes with some projections on the future potential and problems that face computing historians. Keywords: history, historian, social science, humanities, teaching, archaeology, research, archive, simulations.
Computer Modeling in Global and International Relations: The State of the Art
Authors: Bremer Stuart A.
Published: August 2008

Substantial progress has been made in developing computer models which facilitate the study of global problems and international relations. A review of the FUGI, GLOBUS, Soviet, and FORECASTS global models reveals how much more complex these models are than earlier ones and how much more political the problems they address have become. In international relations, the EARTH, PWORLD, and Historical Case Studies models show that computer modeling continues to advance in that field. However, in both areas much more work is needed if the potential of computer modeling is to be realized. Keywords: global models, international relations models, computer modeling, computer simulation.
Computing in Sociology: Promise and Practice
Authors: Anderson Ronald E. , Brent Edward E.
Published: August 2008

The state of a social science discipline should be judged by the vitality of its computing subfield, which is reflected in the quality of its software. Computing progress in sociology is evident in new software for theory, data management, and instruction. Constraints including inadequate resources, problematic software, and inadequate rewards for computing contributions prohibit most sociologists from using the most innovative software. Some specific recommendations are offered for improving sociology's computing community. Keywords: sociology, microcomputing, theory, data management, instruction, computing quality, reward system.
Ethnic and Gender Computer Employment Status
Authors: Banks Martha E. , Ackerman Rosalie J.
Published: August 2008

Job distributions and salary data m the relatively new field of computers were examined for men and women in three ethnic groups. Significant differences existed in the job levels and salaries among the six ethnic-gender groups. In general, women were over-employed in low-level jobs, whereas men were over-employed in high-level jobs; those patterns did not hold up for all of the ethnic-gender groups. It was noted that median salaries were significantly different among the six ethnic-gender groups. The research design involved (a) the "interaction" between gender and ethnicity, and (b) use of expected representation in the work force, and (c) median salaries as standards, as opposed to selection of a specific ethnic-gender group as the "norm." In future studies, those approaches are recommended because they illustrate actual discriminatory patterns that are masked by "main effect" gender or ethnicity studies. Keywords. gender, ethnicity, employment, computers, black, Hispanic, women.
Keeping Sense of Accounts Using Computer-Based Cognitive Maps
Authors: Cropper Steve , Eden Colin , Ackermann Fran
Published: August 2008

This article describes the use of Cope, which is designed to hold knowledge encoded using the cognitive mapping techmque. Cognitive mapping is an attempt to operate Personal Construct psychology beyond the use of Repertory Grids. Cognitive maps have some similarities to modeling techmques used in political science, notably by Robert Axelrod and colleagues. Concepts (short phrases) are linked to form chains of argumentation, essentially explanations leading to consequences. Any concept can be linked to any other concept and the links can be directed. The software releases cognitive maps from many constraints of two-dimensional representation, allowing the researcher to manage complex, qualitative data more effectively. The modeling method and software are used to gather materials—observations, interview data, documentary data and so forth—together, to find areas of corroboration and difference between accounts of events and issues, to examine the coherence and adequacy of accounts and to promote enquiry into and understanding of the structure of accounts as modeled. Through the analytic and retrieval routines in the software, a model's contents can be sorted, explored, and presented in many ways in order to manage the richness and complexity of qualitative data. Principles and practices of model building and qualitative data analysis are illustrated throughout the article. Keywords: qualitative data, accounts, cognitive maps, software, complexity, analysis, storage, retrieval.
Software Reviews : Eventlog
Authors: Anderson David E.
Published: August 2008

Eventlog is a software package that transforms a computer into a tool for recording real-time events. By suspending normal keyboard operations, the user is able to define each key to act as a timer for a specific event. The precise times at which specific keys are pressed and released are recorded in a file for later use. Simultaneous and overlapping events can also be recorded. The ease of use and the flexibility of the software make it one of the best computer programs to come along in some time.
Software Reviews : People Express Management Flight Simulator Publisher: John D. Sterman, Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 50 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, MA 02139 (telephone: 617-253-1951) Year of Publication: 1988 Version Reviewed: 1.03 Materials: One 3 ½-inch diskette, 35-page briefing book Price: $50.00 plus $5.00 postage & handling Availability: Macintosh 512E, Plus, SE, or II System Requirements: 384Kb Effectiveness: Excellent User-Friendliness: Excellent Documentation: Good
Authors: Nicholls J.A.F.
Published: August 2008

People Express Management Flight Simulator is a program that allows the user to manage an entire airline over a ten-year period. Management decisions include aircraft purchases, allocation resources to marketing, hiring personnel, determining fare levels, and targeting service levels. Sensitivity results of decisions are available immediately to the player.
Software Reviews : Monte Carlo Multitrait-Multimethod Analysis Package (with ANOVA)
Authors: Webster John W.
Published: August 2008

The program is designed for those desiring to apply more specific statistical tests to the Campbell-Fiske multitrait-multimethod matrix. The package uses non-parametric tests to test hypotheses about four Campbell-Fiske convergent and discriminative validity criteria, with an option to use reliability coefficients as input for attenuation correction of MTMM coefficients. The package also contains an additional program which provides the same analyses, but presents the results in a more traditional ANOVA format.
Software Reviews : GINO Publisher: The Scientific Press, 540 University Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94301 (telephone: 415-322-5221) Year of Publication: 1986 Version Reviewed: Student Edition Materials: One 5.25-inch (non-copy-protected) disk, one 193-page manual/textbook Price: Student GINO (PC & Mac) per copy site license related programs: $ 35 $1500 GINO $195 $3000 MacGINO $495 $4000 GINO 386 $795 $5000 Mainframe GINO $895 N/A System requirements: One 5.25-inch floppy diskette drive, PC DOS version 2.0 or higher, at least 256K of memory, optional 8087 co-processor Effectiveness: Good User-Friendliness: Fair Documentation: Good
Authors: Young Raymond H.
Published: August 2008

GINO is a modeling program which can be used to solve optimization problems and sets of simultaneous linear and nonlinear equations and inequalities. It should take the drudgery out of solving these problems and allow students to concentrate on their underlying principles. The manual contains examples from several disciplines.
Academic Computing in Psychology: Trends and Issues
Authors: Slotnick Robert S.
Published: August 2008

This paper discusses selected trends and issues in academic computing in psychology. Major courseware packages for introductory and laboratory courses are discussed in relation to educational objectives, computer interface design, content, style, substance, and implementation issues. Other important topics focus on the use of the computer as tool, the emergence of HyperCard, a graphics-based authoring environment and multifaceted learning tool, and the evolution of true multimedia and its potential impact on learning. The paper concludes with a discussion on implementation issues, touching on barriers and solutions. A state program for incentive funding and a national advocacy and promotion program are discussed as examples of two successful programs. Keywords Academic computing, educational software, educational technology, HyperCard, hypermedia, multimedia, psychology.
Logic and Dialectics in Social Science, Part II: Dialectics, Formal Logic and Mathematics1
Authors: Carchedi Guglielmo
Published: August 2008

Building upon the theory submitted in the previous issue of this journal, this article examines both similarities and differences with Engels' dialectics of nature. It argues that Engels' approach is unsuitable to reveal the specificity of society's movement towards both reproduction and supersession. It then considers the basic features of formal logic and compares them with dialectical logic. It stresses the class nature of formal logic and the conditions upon which the tools of formal logic (rather than formal logic itself) can be employed within dialectical reasoning. Particular attention is given to deduction and verification in dialectical and formal logic. Finally, Part II looks at Marx's Mathematical Manuscripts and argues, differently from other commentators, that the Manuscripts' real importance resides not in Marx's original method of differentiation but in their providing key insights into Marx's notion of dialectics. These insights are found to support the theory submitted in this work.
Can Strategic Investing Transform the Corporation?
Authors: Markowitz Linda
Published: August 2008

The purpose of this article is to critique the main claim of the socially responsible (SR) investment industry: that through strategic investing investors can transform corporate power. I argue that businesses often respond to the demand by investors for short-term economic growth by making choices that run counter to the interests of corporate social responsibility; they reduce labor and material costs in ways that disrupt workers, communities and the environment. I demonstrate my theoretical claims using data from the 10 most common stocks selected by SR mutual funds. I call these stocks the SR Big Ten. A simple roll call of the SR Big Ten, as well as a thorough examination of each stock within it, reveals how problematic it is for individuals to rely on investments to transform the corporate world.
The Marginalization of State Crime in Introductory Textbooks on Criminology
Authors: Rothe Dawn L. , Ross Jeffrey Ian
Published: August 2008

This article reviews how introductory textbooks on criminology, geared toward the American market, have disproportionately ignored the subject matter of state crime. The authors present both qualitative and quantitative empirical evidence of coverage given to crimes of the state from leading introductory textbooks, and then pose several questions for future research that could provide answers as to why this is the case. Ross and Rothe then contacted the authors of these books to request feedback on their decision-making processes used for content inclusion and/or exclusion; specifically why their texts offered only limited coverage on state crime. The authors conclude that market dynamics, coupled with professional intransigence, has contributed to this state of affairs.
Job in the Testament of Abraham
Authors: Allison Dale C.
Published: August 2008

Scholarship has not perceived the heavy dependence of the Testament of Abraham upon the Tanakh. Much of the story, especially the first half, borrows phrases from Genesis 12-25, which it replays in creative ways. But the Testament is also greatly indebted to other portions of Scripture. Particularly important is the material borrowed from Job, which in fact creates a Job typology. Taken together, the parallels between Abraham and Job put the Testament in an exegetical tradition, for Jewish sources frequently compare the two figures.
Testament and Canon in the Letter of Second Baruch (2 Baruch 78-87
Authors: Whitters M.F.
Published: August 2008

The Letter of Second Baruch ( 2 Baruch 78-87 [here called Ep2B]) defined the apocalyptic views and religious teachings of its author and later was received into the canon of the Syriac Bible. This article shows that Ep2B is an example of a Second Temple period testament, showing aspects of early and late testament forms. Like other testaments of the period, the letter gave expression to the beliefs and boundaries of religious groups and even acquired 'inspired' status.
Greeks, Egyptians and Jews in the Fragments of Artapanus
Authors: Koskenniemi Erkki
Published: August 2008

Artapanus, an Egyptian Jew who wrote the treatise About the Jews, lived in a society in which tensions between the native Egyptians and the Greeks were strong. As elsewhere in the Hellenistic world, the Greeks formed the upper class and the natives the lower. If the Jews were numerous, as they were in Egypt, they would have tried to separate themselves from the native inhabitants and to seek contacts with the Greek population. Scholars dealing with Artapanus' fragments have seldom differentiated between Greeks and Egyptians, but the point of view is fruitful: this article shows that Artapanus never writes negatively about the Greeks, though he does consider the Egyptians to be a simple people led by wicked rulers. Moses has a role as founder of the Egyptian religious practices, but misunderstandings and errors led to a cult suited for lower people.
The Battle for Isaac: Exploring the Composition and Function of the Aqedah in the Book of Jubilees
Authors: Huizenga Leroy Andrew
Published: August 2008

This article examines the compositional rationale and paranetic function of the Aqedah as written in the book of Jubilees. While it has been observed that the Aqedah in Jubilees functions as an etiology of the Passover festival, a thorough examination of the composition and role of the Aqedah in Jubi lees has not yet been performed. Such an investigation reveals: that (1) the Aqedah's compositional shape is the result of the author's perception of textual and theological similarities common to Gen. 22, the biblical Passover account, and portions of the book of Job; and that (2) the Aqedah functions as narrative paranesis—rigorous obedience to covenant stipulations delivers faithful Israelites from temptation and physical harm at the hands of demonic forces, as well as the threat of eternal perdition.
Purity and Impurity in the Book of Jubilees
Authors: Ravid Liora
Published: August 2008

The book of Jubilees contains a considerable number of laws. The content of these laws presents a puzzle: Why is there no reference to matters of ritual impurity, the sole exception being impurity of a woman after giving birth? Strangely, Jubilees, a rewrite of the book of Genesis, seems not to accept the laws of purity and impurity so prominent in the Torah. In an attempt to explain this apparent lacuna, this article discusses several questions, including: What does Jubilees consider as ritually impure? How, in the view of the book, could Jews, having become impure, purify themselves in the absence of suitable instructions? It is shown that the author of Jubilees was hostile to the High Priest and the contemporary leadership of the Temple. In addition, a significant difference between the author of Jubilees' conception of purity and impurity and that of the Qumran sect is detected. This leads to the question of why the sectarians considered Jubilees as a canonical work, despite its neglect of the laws of purity and impurity.
Legal discourse and linguistic incongruities in Bardell vs. Pickwick: an analysis of address and reference strategies in The Pickwick Papers trial scene
Authors: Cecconi Elisabetta
Published: August 2008

In this article I intend to show how Pickwick's trial in Dickens's novel The Pickwick Papers is characterized by a strategic use of address and reference forms that produce effects of discoursal incongruities during the opening and the evidence phase of the proceeding. The analysis reveals Dickens's ability to exploit socio-pragmatic features of the speaker—addressee and speaker—referent—addressee relationships in order to foreground the lawyers' manipulative discourse behaviour towards their addressees and referents. In so doing, the writer undermines the assumption according to which the courtroom is a polite setting characterized by the exchange of mutual respect and deference between participants.

The manipulation of address strategies is mainly accomplished by violating the sociolinguistic rules expected in the legal setting or by producing a disjunction between the conventional meaning of honorifics and the speaker's pragmatic intention. The result is that many of the honorifics in the text assume a sarcastic function that contrasts with the politic behaviour prescribed by the courtroom. The manipulation of reference strategies, on the other hand, is accomplished by means of a skilful selection of words for the description of persons and events in a way congenial to the story as claimed and supported by the speaker, no matter how far from the truth this may be. Text evidence shows how the lawyer's referent-term selection denigrates the defendant and creates a mismatch between the reader's expectation of formal politeness in the courtroom and the interrogator's strategic use of a controlled but finally effective rudeness.
The distribution of humour in literary texts is not random: a statistical analysis
Authors: Corduas Marcella , Attardo Salvatore , Eggleston Alyson
Published: August 2008

The article presents statistical evidence for the claim that the distribution of humor in Oscar Wilde's Lord Arthur Savile's Crime and Douglas Adams's The Hitchiker's Guide to the Galaxy is not random and differs significantly between both texts. Using the methodology of the General Theory of Verbal Humor, all the instances of humour in both texts were identified and recorded. The distance between each instance was then calculated and subjected to analysis. The statistical model used to prove the hypotheses is explained in some detail and some hypotheses to explain the findings are presented. The significance of the finding that the distribution of humour in long texts is not random is found to lie in having introduced a new fact in need of explanation through literary theories.
Women on the Boundary: Prostitution, Contemporary and in the Bible
Authors: Wu Rose
Published: August 2008

'Women on the Boundary' examines the issue of prostitution both as it is represented in the Bible, and as it is manifested in contemporary society -particularly Asia. Contemporary commercial sex work is a complex phenomenon, and women who engage in prostitution do so for a variety of reasons. It is no longer possible to describe prostitution as either simply or solely involving the oppression of women by men. The ambivalence of feminist attitudes towards sex workers, and the false assumptions that can inform discussions of the topic, can be overcome by listening to the experiences of prostitutes and re-assessing the theological justifications for their condemnation.
Go Tell! Thinking About Mary Magdalene
Authors: Winkett Lucy
Published: August 2008

Mary of Magdala is widely and unaccountably known as a symbol of fallen and redeemed womanhood. By a mysterious conflation of named and anonymous women in the gospel narratives, a completely fictitious character has emerged into the Western Christian tradition. Christian writing, art and social action reflect this misconception. Eastern traditions are truer to the gospel narratives, recognising Mary as the apostle to the apostles, the one who stands in the presence of the risen Jesus and goes to tell the other disciples the news of the resurrection. The gospels tell only a little about this character: she was a woman of means, from whom seven demons were cast out by Jesus. Her home town had experienced considerable violence and oppression. She was part of the inner circle around Jesus, and one of the first witnesses to the resurrection. She receives a specific commission from Jesus to go and tell. The model of Mary Magdalene has been used to bolster a view of women as seductresses and in need of cleansing from their natural corruption. Her image in art has shown women in a recumbent, suppliant posture. The scriptural model should rather strengthen the image of women in their full humanity, standing in the presence of Jesus and speaking publicly about divine things.
Transcendence and the Body: Fatimah as a Paradigmatic Model
Authors: Kassam-Hann Zaya
Published: August 2008

This article demonstrates the ways in which Goldenberg raises questions of the body, transcendence and epistemology and shows how they are all ultimately questions to do with authority. The author examines the source of authority, asks how it is ascertained and what it promises. The article outlines how these become complex questions when a female figure is projected as paradigmatic for example, Fatimah.
Variations on 'Returning Words to Flesh'
Authors: Genest Olivette
Published: August 2008

This article considers what it actually means to return words to flesh, that is it deals with the words themselves. The author asks what it will be like when we re-enflesh words and therefore whole cognitive systems that are at present without substance. The article reflects on the part that language plays in the work of Goldenberg and argues that words themselves carry a secular dualism that interrupts the process that Goldenberg strives for. Language itself has to be examined if the rupture between dehumanised knowledge and carnal flesh is to be healed.
Can Apophatic Theology be Applied to Goddessing as Well as to God?
Authors: daCosta Jacqueline
Published: August 2008

There is a device used particularly in Orthodox Christian theology known as apophatic theology. In this God is spoken of only in 'negating concepts' to emphasize the inability of language to adequately describe the nature of deity. My question is whether there is any way in which this concept, used as it is to underline the 'otherness' of a transcendental god, can be applied to a thealogy of Goddess.

This'way of negation' figures prominently in mystical theology, where it is often associated with the 'way of union'. Historically, many mystics believed in the possibility of a true union with God achieved through a vision of divine light. This light leads us towards Sophia, or Wisdom, arguably an ancient goddess predating the Jewish Yhwh. Thus theology and thealogy can be reconciled in this concept of light traced back to its pagan beginnings and apophasty can be applied to an 'intransitive' goddess such as Nisaba-Nidaba.
Feminist Exclusions and Re-Vision
Authors: Pears Angie
Published: August 2008

ABSTRACT This article critically engages with the question of the continuing relevance of feminisms in the contemporary world. It explores the limitations and exclusions of feminisms, and considers the claim, increasingly being made, that feminisms today are facing a crisis, of identity and relevance. It argues for the end of feminism and feminist theology in their singularity and envisages self-reflexive feminisms as radically contextual tools of justice
Sor Juana and the Guadalupe
Authors: Kennett Frances
Published: August 2008

Connections are drawn here between the writings of Mexico's most important seventeenth-century poet, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz (1650-92) and the development of the cult of the Virgin of Guadalupe, still today a dominant feature of Catholic worship in Latin America. Techniques of conversion used by the Spanish missions are examined as background to the apparition of the Virgin, in 1531, and to clarify Sor Juana's response in her public verse. Later uses of the synecdoche are set out to illustrate the Guadalupe's shape-shifting powers besides those of other legendary women in Mexican myth and history. A final section looks at the possibilities for new, creative aspects of feminist spirituality and liberation theology challenging Latin American Catholicism, and suggests ways in which women worshipping, and the worship of woman, are evolving in modem Mexico.
Black Madonnas
Authors: Barham Penny
Published: August 2008

This article examines the phenomenon of Black Madonnas as a discrete grouping within the iconography of the Virgin. It addresses the question whether they are just black/indigenous/dark-skinned versions of the Virgin or whether their meaning goes far beyond Christianity. Are they venerated as the Mother of God or are they deities in their own right? They are political and personal, leading both to action and to healing journeys.
The Politics of Spirituality: The Spirituality of Politics
Authors: Finn Geraldine
Published: August 2008

This article examines the relationship between spirituality and politics. The author states her frustration at spirituality which is deployed against ethics in the service of politics, this she believes is inherent in many discourses and practices of spirituality. The article asks us to look again at many of the liberation theologies not because they are believed to be wrong, simply disappointing, that is to say they seem to end in concrete identities rather than pushing the very boundaries of meaning and identity themselves. The article calls for spirituality that does not split us off from this world and thus from our creativity and the potential subversive possibilities that lie within it.
Negotiable Currencies: Hildegard of Bingen, Mysticism and the Vagaries of the Theoretical
Authors: Jones Sharon , Neal Diana
Published: August 2008

This article argues that, of the leading Continental feminist theorists who have expressed an interest in women's mysticism, most have inadvertently or otherwise taken up the theoretical model of William James, the early-twentieth-century scholar of religion. In particular, Simone de Beauvoir and Luce Irigaray have accepted the view that mysticism operates on an epistemological plane divorced from the categories of rationality and intelligibility. Both thinkers hold that the mystic is typically hysterical, although Irigaray takes a more positive view of the hysteric as a subject position from which the feminine voice is first heard. Through a brief examination of the mystical and political careers of Hildegard of Bingen, we conclude that the theoretical perspective of Julia Kristeva provides a more useful theoretical perspective from which to analyse women's mystical texts.
How to Survive as a Feminist into Old Age?
Authors: Bons-Storm Riet
Published: August 2008

In this article I argue — drawing on texts of May Sarton and my own research —that old age is often difficult, particularly for women. They have to become dependent (again) and have to survive changes (often not for the better), separation and losses. It can become extremely difficult to maintain a positive sense of self. A network of friends and an image of God in which unconditional love, nearness and togetherness prevail may help older women to live with dignity till the end.
The Little Company of Mary: Charism and the Ethic of Care
Authors: Keane Kathleen
Published: August 2008

Religious congregations of women have been socialized in a tradition rich in gospel values, but one which was also hierarchical and patriarchal. My own congregation, the Little Company of Mary (LCM), is an international one, involved in health care since our foundation in Victorian England. Within both spheres, religious and medical, the patriarchal influence was strong and uncritically accepted until the second half of the twentieth cen tury. Here, I attempt to bring feminist and nursing philosophy to bear on the care debate within nursing. An ethic of care demands that we go beyond competence, important as that is. This ethic, found to be at the heart of our LCM identity, suggests to us today, that our founder, Mary Potter (1847- 1913) was a feminist ahead of her time.
Art and Archaeology as an Historical Resource for the Study of Women in Early Christianity: An Approach for Analyzing Visual Data
Authors: Tulloch Janet
Published: August 2008

This article examines the potential of art and archaeological remains for the study of women's social history in early Christianity. Part I considers important sources for art and archaeological data; the received method and classification criteria for the discipline of early Christian art and archaeology; and the types of problems both earlier and contemporary approaches to the material remains present for scholars. Part II proposes an approach to understanding early Christian art and material culture as part of a larger ongoing social discourse in the ancient Mediterranean world where cultural representations take part in the lively social and aural culture of life lived in close proximity to others. This approach places art and archaeological evidence in the foreground and documentary sources in the background as corroborative evidence.
Re-Visioning Gender Relationships in the Organization
Authors: Marshall Judi
Published: August 2008

Callaway (1981) calls the process of re-appraisal of women's characteristics, social roles and culture, independent of male value systems...'re-vision', and identifies three ways it can describe women's current activities: 'Revision' in the standard sense of correcting or completing the record; then 're-vision' as looking again, a deliberate act to see through the stereotypes of our society as these are taken for granted in daily life and deeply embedded in academic tradition; and finally, 're-vision' in its extended sense as the imaginative power of sighting possibilities and thus helping to bring about what is not (or not yet) visible, a new ordering of human relationships (Marshall 1992: 76).
The Aprista Search for a Program Applicable To Latin America
Authors: Kantor Harry
Published: August 2008

IN THE IDEAS OF the Aprista1 movement the Peruvian social scene has produced one of the distinctive currents of contemporary Latin-American political thought. This study reports why a group of young Peruvians became interested in political action and the reasoning that led them to create a new political doctrine.
Partisan Consequences of the Post-1990 Redistricting for the U.S. House of Representatives
Authors: Swain John W , Borrelli Stephen A. , Reed Brian C.
Published: August 2008

Following each recent round of redistricting, scholars have tried to determine whether that round worked to one party's advantage and whether control of the redistricting process by members of one party led to gerrymandering. They have reached mixed conclusions. Here, we examine the partisan consequences of the post-1990 redistricting for the U.S. House of Representatives. We create two sets of projections of partisan support levels for the 1990 and 1992 districts based on district-level 1988 presidential election data. One set of projections assumes an incumbency advantage, and one set assumes the hypothetical situation of all open seats, i.e., no incumbency advantage. We ask whether either party benefited and whether gerrymandering occurred. When we take incumbency into account, we find that our projections show that the two parties came out just about even in redistricting, with an increase in the number of districts evenly split between them. However, when we assume all open seats, our projections show an increase of 21 Republican districts, a decrease of 3 Democratic districts, and a decrease of 17 evenly split districts. We conclude that the Republican party gained from redistricting and that incumbency and other short-term factors obscure changes in the underlying partisan support in districts. In a state-level analysis of redistricting outcomes, we find no evidence that parties succeeded in using control of state government to gain partisan advantage through redistricting.
Imagining Turkey
Authors: Negrine Ralph
Published: August 2008

This article explores British newspaper coverage of Turkey's bid to join the EU in 2004. It poses three sets of questions in relation to that coverage, namely, how does coverage deal with support for, and opposition to, the bid; how does coverage represent Turkey and the European Union; and how does coverage engage with domestic British public and political opinion. In the course of exploring these questions, the article argues that the coverage positions Britain as apart from the EU and that it represents Turkey as being more `different' than `similar' from Europe. More significantly, the coverage gives considerable space to non-British oppositional voices, which raises significant questions about why British oppositional voices were absent.
Experience with Hall-Kaster Valves
Authors: Lopez J.F. , Bharadwaj B. , Lal S.
Published: August 2008

One hundred Hall-Kaster valves were implanted in 97 patients over an eight- year period: 53 had a single aortic valve, 33 a single mitral valve, and 11 a double valve replacement. In the last group, 3 had a double Hall-Kaster and 7 a single Hall-Kaster with other type of surgery in the second valve. Mean age was fifty-three years with a male/female ratio of 1.69; 65% of patients were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV preoperatively, and 17% had concomitant operations (coronary artery bypass, tricuspid anuloplasty, left ven tricular aneurysm resection, etc.). Percentages of early and late deaths were 14% (14 patients) and 12% (10 patients) respectively. Early mortality was re lated to age, concomitant operations, and left ventricular dysfunction. One early death was due to valve malfunction. Late mortality was mainly due to left ventricular dysfunction. All patients were anticoagulated and no valve throm bosis occurred. Three patients (3%) had thromboembolic episodes and 3 (3%) had bleeding episodes; 9 patients (9%) had valvular regurgitation, leading to some hemolysis in only 3 patients. After surgery 88% of survivors returned to NYHA class I or II. The actuarial survival of the group at eight years is 72%.
The Popliteal Pseudo-Entrapment Syndrome
Authors: Psathakis Dimitrios N. , Psathakis Nikolaos D.
Published: August 2008

The pseudo-entrapment syndrome is caused by kinking of the popliteal artery and vein, and/or of the common tibial nerve, and occasionally of the common fibular nerve. The clinical symptoms are similar to the symptoms found in the entrapment syndrome. The kinking in pseudo-entrapment syn drome is caused by a transverse fibrous band, resulting in calf pain and distress. Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and operative treatment of this new and common syndrome are described.
Double Internal Mammary Grafting
Authors: Yakirevich V. , Vidne B.A.
Published: August 2008

A four-year experience with 50 patients who underwent coronary re vascularization with bilateral inter nal mammary artery (IMA) and supplemental saphenous vein grafts is presented. A total of 175 grafts were performed (3.2 per patient). All IMA grafts were used in situ. In 12 patients, the right IMA was placed through the transverse sinus to revas cularize the circumflex artery and the left IMA was placed to the LAD. In the remaining 38 patients, both IMAs were used to revascularize the LAD and RCA. No hospital deaths occurred. There were no sternal in fections. Postoperative complications included reexploration for bleeding (2) and diaphragmatic dysfunction (1). Late follow-up was completed in all patients. Forty-five of those fol lowed up for between six months and three and a half years were asympto matic. Exercise stress tests were per formed in 47 patients. The test results were negative in 45 patients and positive in 2.

The authors conclude that bilat eral IMA grafting can be accom plished with low operative risk while providing excellent long-term results.
The Role of Ankle Thromboembolectomy and Lytic Therapy in the Reversal of End Stage Foot Ischemia
Authors: Swersky Robert B.
Published: August 2008

Over the past five years, 11 pa tients have presented with severe ischemic changes of the distalmost portion of the lower extremity or foot. In each instance, the patient was initially managed with a femoral or popliteal approach to restore circula tion more distally. However, the is chemic changes persisted and pro gressed. It was only by approaching the ischemic area in a more direct fashion, by exposing the posterior ti bial artery and the dorsalis pedis ar tery, that this foot ischemia could be reversed.

With ankle thromboembolec tomy, 8 of 11 patients had significant return of circulation to the involved foot or toes, allowing for partial or complete salvage of these limbs. In 10 of the 11 cases, a Fogarty balloon thromboembolectomy, vein patch an gioplasty, and heparin infusion were sufficient to restore the circulation. However, in 1 patient, local infusion of streptokinase into both rethrom bectomized inflow vessels was suc cessful in lysing the microcirculation of the forefoot and subsequently re versing the ischemia.

It was concluded from this series that an aggressive surgical approach to the pedal vessels is warranted in the proper setting and that additional evaluation of intraoperative throm bolytic maneuvers involving the microcirculation of the forefoot may improve foot salvage.