bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REVITALISASI EKONOMI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS, NILAI TAMBAH DAN AKSES PASAR BERBASIS KELESTARIAN KAWASAN HUTAN LINDUNG “BUKIT DAUN” DI KABUPATEN REJANG LEBONG
Authors: Sungkono Sungkono , Sari Anggri Puspita
Published: February 2020

Soengkono, Anggri Puspita Sari; This study aims to revitalize the local economy based on the economic potential of resources and preservation of protected areas through appropriate integrated technological innovation to improve productivity, value and sustainable market access added. Data analysis was performed in conjunction with the data collection process (analysis will) and applicable techniques in qualitative penelitihan. Appropriate development model used technologies adapted, arranged with the potential of existing human resources, natural resources, the existence of potential team of experts, as well as the potential of the existing business environment. Development of models aimed at the formation of community groups productive coffee farmers, the development of appropriate production technology modules coffee processing and packaging printing business. Community groups are directed to the production of coffee processing business establishment and packaging printing business through structured training activities, the establishment of business units, business management, training and coaching development efforts.Key words: Revitalization, Economic, Technology, Productivity, Sustainability
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN WISATA PANTAI PANJANG BENGKULU, DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF WISATAWAN DAN MASYARAKAT LOKAL
Authors: Fikri Pratama Handika , Sakti Budiman
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study was to identify potential tourist attraction, reviewing internal environmental conditions (such as their strengths and weaknesses) and external environmental conditions (such as opportunities and threats), and review the appropriate tourism development program in the Long Beach-based to tourists and local community perspective. The analytical method used in this study, namely diskritif analysis to identify the availability of infrastructure and the potential and power trarik travel and quantitative analysis with the help of Matrix IFAS and EFAS matrix. The number of respondents who were taken by accidental sampling of 100 respondents. The results showed that the potential tourist attraction located in Long Beach with a score of +0.910 internal factors and external factors with a score of +1.90. Thus the position in the grand strategy matrix (matrix internal-external) are in a position with a growth strategy occupies one cell in the matrix. A cell's position one shows the strategy to grow and establish (Rapid growth strategy), strategies to increase the growth rate of tourist arrivals with a faster time (the second year is greater than the first year and thereafter), improving the quality of that factor into force in order to maximize the utilization of all the opportunities (grand strategy). Tapak Padri development efforts and Beach Jakat sustainable (sustainable).  Key Words: Grand Strategy, Tourism Development Program
ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH KABUPATEN KAUR
Authors: Zuhri Muhamad , Soleh Ahmad
Published: February 2020

One positive impact of the implementation of regional autonomy is the expansion of provincial and district / city that almost occurred throughout Indonesia. One area is the result of the expansion area Kaur regency in Bengkulu Province. As a new district that grows future regional autonomy, Kaur District has the authority to manage their own regions. The purpose of this study was to determine the Financial Performance of the District Government Kaur. Data collection method used is documentation. While the method of analysis using quantitative methods using financial ratios. Financial Performance of the District Government Kaur years 2001-2014 when viewed from the Regional Financial Independence Ratio is relatively low once (an average of 2.44% per year). Effectiveness Ratio  PAD is known that the effectiveness of Kaur regency in 2011, 2013 and 2014 runs Ineffective indicated by the value ratio between 75% -89%, but in 2012 went very effective with a ratio reached 107.3%. Activity Ratio of the ratio of Operating Expenditure quite well that the value ratio between 50% -100% or the average value of 76.7% per year, while the ratio of Capital Expenditure classified as not good because it has value ratio is less than 50% or the average value -rata year by 23.2% per year). Growth in revenue (PAD) Kaur District has increased from year to year, but the growth was relatively moderate growth with an annual average value of 45.22% per year. Key Words: Financial performance, Ratio of Regional Financial Independence, Effectiveness Ratio, Activity Ratio, Growth Ratio, Kabupaten Kaur.
PEMAHAMAN APARATUR PEMERINTAH TERHADAP PENERAPAN AKUNTANSI KEUANGAN DEMI TERCIPTANYA GOOD GOVERNANCE
Authors: Herlin - , Effendi Yanto
Published: February 2020

Herlin dan Yanto Effendi: The purpose of this study to determine the understanding of government apparatus in the area of financial accounting application in order to realize good governance. Government Personnel Rejang Lebong still has a bit of an apparatus / HR background in accounting, from 25 respondents, only 9 respondents (36%) accounting background and the rest comes from other disciplines.The results showed that the correlation obtained the r value of 0, 203 a positive correlation between the variables x and y variables where the value of r lies in the interval 0 <r <1, and has a level of low relation because r value lies in the interval coefficient of 0, 20 -, 399. Reliability test alpha value of 0.60 is said to be reliable so that the new variable of educational background alpha coefficient of 0.6123, the education and training of alpha coefficient of 0.622 and Awareness Regional Financial Accounting alpha coefficient of 0.710. T-count value <the t-table, t-count equal to 3,699 while the t-table at significant level of 0.05% t-table of 4,946, this means that the level of understanding of government officials in Rejang Lebong specifically the application of financial accounting still weak or low , so they need to increase human resources through education, training, and understanding of financial accounting has become a standard government.Key words: Good Governance.
PERSEPSI APARATUR PEMERINTAH DESA TERHADAP DANA DESA DI KECAMATAN SELUMA BARAT KABUPATEN SELUMA
Authors: Soleh Ahmad , Susanto Feri , Susanti Reka
Published: February 2020

Ahmad Soleh, Feri Susanto, Reka Susanti; Perception of the village government's arapatur to the  village fund in Seluma Barat Sub-district of Seluma District. The perception of the village government apparatus will affect activities in the use of village funds. The purpose of this research is to know the perception of village government apparatus to village fund in Seluma Barat sub-district of Seluma district. Determination of samples in this study using Purposive sampling. The sample in this research are 36 people, namely the Village Head, Secretary, Treasurer, and the head of BPD who served as the village government apparatus from 9 (Nine) villages in Seluma Barat District Seluma  District. The nine villages include Talang Perapat village, Purbosari village, Air Latak village, Pagar Agung village, Talang Tinggi village, Lunjuk village, Sengkuang village, Tanjung Agung village and Lubuk Lagan village. Rating Scale is used in analyzing data obtained by using questionnaires. The results showed that the perception of the village government apparatus on village governance activities showed good interpretation (71.8%); Perceptions of village government apparatuses towards development activities and improvements in village infrastructure show excellent interpretation (88.6%); Perceptions of village government apparatuses on community empowerment activities showed excellent interpretation (85.4%); And perception of village government apparatus towards social activities showed excellent interpretation (81,2%).Key Words:  Perceptions of the Village Government Apparatus, Village Funds, Seluma Barat District, Seluma District
FAKTOR-FATOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI WISATAWAN MENGUNJUNGI PANTAI ZAKAT DI KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Huda Syamsul , Ikhwan Jalal
Published: February 2020

Syamsul Huda, Jalal Ikhwan; The research aims to determine the number of variables that affect tourists visiting Zakat beach in Bengkulu city. The population used is the visitors who visit Zakat beach. The type of data implemented is the primery daya. The way of implement it is by spreading out of questioners. The research puts on two variables. First, it is the independent variable. It consist of servicing, the trimming of the facilities, safety and earning. Where as the dependent variables focuses on the readability of the visitors to visit Zakat beach. The test stage are done by utilizing spss. To create the hypothesis test stages, it can apply the multiple regression model and t-statistic test. Building upon the hypothesis test result, it has been uncovered that the quality of servicing and safety have significant effects to the readibility of the visitors to come to see Zakat beach in Bengkulu city of Bengkulu province. It can be concluded that the trimming of the facility and earnings do not make significant effects towards the viusitors readability to pay a visit to Zakat beach.Key Words: Service, Facilities, Security and Income.
PENGARUH ASIMETRI INFORMASI TERHADAP BUDGETARY SLACK DENGAN KEJUJURAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL PEMODERASI: PENGANGGARAN PARTISIPATIF (Studi Eksperimen Pada Mahasiswa S1 Akuntansi Universitas Muhammadiyah Bengkulu)
Authors: Putra Yudi Pratama
Published: February 2020

Yudi Partama Putra ; The population of this study is the S1 students of the 2015 Academic Year of Muhammadiyah University of Bengkulu. The number of participants who participated in the experiment is 123 students. The technique of taking samples was using purposive sampling with the criteria of samples had completed Management and Public Sector Accounting. Method of data collection used was through experimental method by using questionnaires and manipulation on research subjects. The validity test used was Pearson Product Correlation test, while the reliability test used was Cronbach Alpha. The hypothesis test used in this research was ANOVA which was accompanied by Post Hoc tukey test. The Research results showed that: 1) The level of information asymmetry has an influential information on the budgetary slack. It was shown by F-count > F-table, which is 8.302> 2.68 and p-value 0.000; 2) The Honesty influenced the correlation between information asymmetry and the budgetary slack. This is shown by F-count > F-table, which was 4,785 < 2.68 and p-value 0.010 <0.05; and 3) The results of tukey HSD and bonferoni showed that there was a difference between low and medium information asymmetry with a difference of 0.77401 and statistically significant with p = 0.0428. The difference between low information asymmetry and high information asymmetry was 0.339581 with a significance of 0.0000, the difference between moderate information asymmetry and high asymmetry was 0.339580 and the difference between medium and high asymmetry was 0.262179 with a significance of 0.003.

Key Words: Budgetary slack, information Asymmetry, Honesty
Natural, Artifactual, and Evolutionary Perspective
Authors: Juricevic Igor , Kennedy John M.
Published: February 2020

Looking out at the world around us, we readily perceive our 3-D surroundings. The sizes of objects in our environment, such as tiles on a piazza, distant buildings on a ground plane, tools on a tabletop, or foreground and background people in a large crowd, are perceived highly accurately, at least within a certain spatial range. So too is the layout of these objects, that is, their distances from us and from each other and their relative dimensions. The process of the visual perception of a real-world 3-D scene occurs so easily and naturally that we hardly notice how we pick up information about it by vision. Here we will describe the features on which vision relies to gain impressions of size and shape, and the approximations it accepts in assessing the 3-D spatial layout of the environment.
C. S. Peirce’s Definition of Symbol in §14 of the New List
Authors: Ishida Masato
Published: February 2020

The main body of this paper consists of a commentary on §14 of Peirce’s 1867 paper “On a New List of Categories,” in which Peirce derives the concept of Symbol within his general theory of representations. Rather than aiming at a comprehensive study of the New List, the paper closely observes how Peirce arrives at his definition of Symbol in the New List by elucidating its main ideas. The paper suggests that Symbol occupies a unique conceptual locus in Peirce’s theory of categories and that his definition of Symbol in the New List is consistent with Peirce’s later formulations of Symbol. The paper includes five brief case studies of Peirce’s formulations of Symbol over the years 1866 - c.1911.
The Anathattractive s/State: A Marxist-Semiotic Analysis of the Discourse, Ideology and Practice of Neoliberal Workfare
Authors: Jordan John David
Published: February 2020

This paper explores the complex semiotic entanglement between discourse, ideology and practical application surrounding the neoliberal welfare policy known as workfare. It focuses particularly on the Flexible New Deal - the version of workfare trialled in the UK from 2009 to 2010 under New Labour. The Flexible New Deal was a privately administered, for-profit, payment-by-results scheme which made receipt of welfare benefits conditional upon reciprocal activity – in particular, attendance at workfare centres for “re-training”. This paper provides a Marxist-semiotic analysis of an actual Flexible New Deal centre, based on participant observation in 2010. This is framed within a wider analysis which proposes that an economic undercode dialectically interacts with class-racist ideology to semiotically sculpt the victims of structural unemployment into an apparent culture of pathological dysfunction – a theatrical illusion which nevertheless renders each unemployed person victim to a mendacious “rhyming up” with media folk-devils. In conclusion, this paper argues that via the term “underclass”, individual states of poverty are transformed into the perception of a socially-cancerous, welfare funded, expanding state (i.e. nation) within the State. This elision of personal and plural, and transubstantiation of the processes of poverty into people, is marked by the novel signifier “s/State”.
Peircean Index in the Naming Process: Nouns, Pronouns and Proper Names
Authors: West Donna
Published: February 2020

This analysis identifies semiotic differences between pronouns, proper names and count and mass nouns. It showcases the work of Peirce’s Index in the process of individuation, capitalizing upon the ontological and epistemological effects of employing pronouns (particularly demonstratives) as individuals, as opposed to their use as singulars. Peirce’s individual versus singular distinction highlights the contrast between unique separateness, on the one hand, and similarity among entities (i.e., object classification) on the other. The argument is likewise made that while pronouns are often used as individuals, nouns and most proper names have a singular function. Rationale supports the fact that this difference results from the prominence of Peirce’s Dynamical Object in the work of embodied schemas which underlie and permeate new experiences. Dynamical Objects of demonstrative pronouns ground the triad, while Interpretants ground triads for nouns and proper names.
The Relation of Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) Serum Level to Sub-Domain Cognitive Functions of Indonesian Schizophrenia Patients Measured by MoCA-Ina
Authors: Utami Nurul , Effendy Elmeida , Amin Mustafa
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND: BDNF implies to the development of abnormal nerves and neurotransmission that occurred during the changes of cognitive functions. However, in determining initial diagnosis of schizophrenia, measurements focus on the presences of positive and negative symptoms, and general psychopathological features without concerning the BDNF serum, which involves in central nervous system as the main symptom of schizophrenia.
AIM: To determine the relation of BDNF serum level to cognitive functions of schizophrenia patients based on sub-domain of Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesia Version (MoCA-Ina)
METHODS: This study was carried out based on observational analysis with cross-sectional design study. The samples were collected by non-probability sampling and consecutive sampling by recruiting 65 of male schizophrenia patients at Prof. Dr. M. Ildrem Mental Hospital, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia. BDNF serum levels were analysed throughout quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay method, while the cognitive functions were conducted by performing the MoCA-Ina, which concern to attentions and concentrations, executive function, memory, languages, visuoconstructional abilities, numerical calculation, and orientation.
RESULTS: The serum level of BDNF was accounted averagely for 27161.26, with 5350.37 of standard deviation. There was positive correlation with medium strength (r = 0.4 - < 0.6) in visuospatial function, attention (r = 0.437), and memory (r = 0.413).
CONCLUSION: Relation between BDNF serum level and cognitive function occurred in visuospatial, attention and memory domains based on MoCA-Ina assessment.
Influence of Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA) Measurements for Successful Osseointegration of Dental Implants During the Healing Period and Its Impact on Implant Assessed by Osstell Mentor Device
Authors: Baftijari Denis , Benedetti Alberto , Stamatoski Aleksandar , Baftijari Florent , Susak Zoran , Veljanovski Darko
Published: February 2020

AIM: This study aimed to investigate and assess primary and secondary dental implant stability during the osseointegration period.
METHODS: A total of 77 implants were placed in 42 patients with 26 males and 16 females. The study was conducted by comparing the resonance frequency analysis (RFA) values of the implants inserted in the lower jaw. RFA was done immediately after implant insertion and after 12 weeks. Results were statistically evaluated using SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 7.1. Level of significance was set at P < 0.05.
RESULTS: Significant differences were detected between the primary and secondary stability values, respectively. Maximum RFA value of 88 and the minimum value of 52 were observed. Stability values increased during the following three months, and all implants were successfully integrated without complication.
CONCLUSION: Our results indicate and suggest that there is a strong linear correlation between implant stability and ISQ values that can be directly estimated by the RFA, especially in the posterior edentulous mandible. Osstell implant device could represent a useful tool which can be used to identify the risk for implant failure.
Avaliação do uso de extratos de antocianinas obtidos a partir de uvas Isabel como indicadores de pH
Authors: Silva Carla Fabiana da , Freitas Vantuir Wellington Cupertino , Arruda Natanna Chris Gomes de , Barbosa Elaiane Karine da Silva , Arruda Mirela Ribeiro Embirassú de , Vinhas Glória Maria
Published: February 2020

Algumas substâncias provenientes de fontes naturais, encontradas em flores, frutos e legumes, podem atuar como indicadores de pH, tal como a fenolftaleína e o azul de bromotimol. Entre estas substâncias, estão as antocianinas. São compostos fenólicos com a peculiaridade de apresentar diferentes cores de acordo com o pH. As uvas, em particular a espécie Vitis labrusca (uva Isabel) possuem altos teores de antocianinas. Neste estudo foram extraídas antocianinas de uva Isabel, por três métodos (decocção, Soxhlet e ultrassom). Foram determinados o rendimento médio e a cinética de degradação de cada extrato a partir das leituras de suas absorbâncias em espectrofotômetro de absorção UV-vis. Avaliou-se também o uso destes extratos como indicadores ácido-base em soluções de pH 1, 4, 5, 7, 10, 11 e 14. A extração por Soxhlet foi a que apresentou o maior rendimento médio. Pela cinética foram obtidos coeficientes de degradação de 0,033, 0,044 e 0,048 dia-1 para os extratos por decocção, Soxhlet e ultrassom, respectivamente, e o tempo de meia-vida foi de aproximadamente 14 dias. Nas soluções tampão foram adicionadas duas gotas de cada extrato e observou-se colorações que variaram do rosa, em pH ácido, até o amarelo, em pH básico. Através deste estudo verificou-se que é possível extrair antocianinas de uvas Isabel e que seus extratos desempenharam de maneira eficiente a função de indicadores de pH.
L’enseignement, le développement des compétences et la formation du sujet au Québec
Authors: Le Vasseur Louis , Sauvaire Marion
Published: February 2020

À travers l’examen de trois enseignements, soit la philosophie et le français au collégial et l’histoire et éducation à la citoyenneté au secondaire, les auteurs montrent l’importance accordée en éducation au Québec au développement des habiletés intellectuelles et des compétences. De telles orientations pédagogiques s’inscrivent plus largement dans un contexte culturel, social et même économique valorisant fortement l’autonomie du sujet. Or, l’autonomie est-elle toujours synonyme d’émancipation en éducation ?
Problème professionnel et construction de l’identité professionnelle enseignante
Authors: Auxire Nathalie
Published: February 2020

Nous montrons comment enseigner de façon informelle des notions mathématiques dans une discipline technologique à des élèves en difficulté en mathématiques, participe à l’identité professionnelle de l’enseignant (i.p.e.). L’i.p.e. est vue comme processus subjectif de régulation entre la représentation de soi-même et le contexte socio-professionnel où l’on se sait agir, ici la filière productique usinage en lycée professionnel. L’analyse de discours (ethos, schéma de discours, lexique) révèle, d’une part, l’interprétation située qu’un enseignant construit de ses pratiques routinières, des objets mathématiques qu’il enseigne dans sa discipline, de la relation de ses élèves aux mathématiques et, d’autre part, le rôle qu’il s’autorise pour mener un enseignement pour lequel il n’est institutionnellement ni désigné, ni préparé. Enfin, nous questionnons la pertinence de la méthode d’analyse de discours pour étudier l’inter-variabilité ou la variabilité des pratiques enseignantes.
Développer le jugement moral et la citoyennete des élèves par la discussion à visée démocratique et philosophique (DVDP)
Authors: Tozzi Michel
Published: February 2020

Le programme d’enseignement moral et civique (EMC) français préconise des discussions à visée philosophique (DVP), en relation avec les deux objectifs de ce programme : 1) Développer le jugement moral des élèves ; 2) Les éduquer à la citoyenneté. La présente contribution veut montrer pourquoi la DVP permet d’atteindre ces deux objectifs. Pour le premier : parce que la DVP permet de travailler philosophiquement les concepts de la morale ; de discuter contradictoirement sur des dilemmes éthiques, et ce, d’autant que la DVP véhicule par elle-même des valeurs éthiques communicationnelles ; pour le second : parce que la DVP permet d’aborder les concepts de la philosophie politique, de discuter de questions socialement controversées et de générer, par son fonctionnement, des comportements démocratiques. L’article veut aussi montrer que le recours à la DVP en EMC permet la réflexion philosophique dans toute son extension à condition de ne pas restreindre son champ et de ne pas verser dans les pièges de la moralisation ou de la conformisation.
Effectiveness of Electronic Medication Packaging Devices on Medication Adherence: A Scoping Review
Authors: Kurup Rashmi , Martínez Juan Pablo Díaz , Doucet Marco , Tyrrell Pascal N.
Published: February 2020

Poor adherence to complex medication regimens is a global problem that affects the treatment of chronic diseases, which involves polypharmacy and requires long-term administration of medications. The most significant barrier to medication adherence in older adults is patient-related factors. The purpose of this study was to find evidence from the current literature to evaluate the effectiveness of electronic medication packaging (EMP) devices on improving medication adherence in older patients. MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched based on inclusion/exclusion criteria, focusing on medication adherence and EMP devices with specific technological features. Search results included studies with experiences of patients with four different devices and various medical conditions. Study results indicated that EMP devices may improve medication adherence in older patients. However, due to insufficient evidence that supports their effectiveness specifically in the aging population, further clinical validation in older adults is recommended to draw strong conclusions. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 46
(3), 27–36.]
Análisis bibliométrico mundial de BIM a través de la colección principal de la Web of Science (2003-2017)
Authors: Rojas-Sola J. I. , Aguilera-García Á. I.
Published: February 2020

El principal objetivo es realizar un análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo desde el punto de vista institucional de la investigación relacionada con BIM presente en la colección principal de la Web of Science durante el período 2003-2017. Para ello, fueron revisados los registros del tipo ‘artículo’ o ‘revisión’ y se analizaron diferentes indicadores bibliométricos. La difusión internacional de investigación de los 16 países más productivos fue analizada, indicando las revistas de publicación de cada país, así como las principales revistas. Asimismo, EE.UU. es el país más productivo, aunque con un factor de impacto relativo algo mayor que la media debido a la dispersión de sus publicaciones en revistas de medio y bajo impacto, y la Universidad de Curtin (Australia) y el Instituto de Tecnología de Georgia (EE.UU.) son las instituciones más productivas y con alto impacto, sobresaliendo también la Universidad Politécnica de Hong Kong.
Metabolismo en los edificios. Estudio de medidas para el ahorro del consumo de agua en tres centros docentes en Madrid
Authors: Gallego Sánchez-Torija J. , Larrumbide Gómez-Rubiera E. , Bedoya Frutos C.
Published: February 2020

Estudios previos han investigado sobre el desempeño energético de centros docentes. Sin embargo, no parece haberse explorado suficientemente la relación entre consumo de energía y consumo de agua en este tipo de edificios. Este artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio empírico, basado en la metodología de la auditoría energética operativa, realizado en tres centros docentes ubicados en la Comunidad de Madrid. Los resultados sugieren que las medidas de ahorro en el consumo de agua, como implantar perlizadores, temporizadores o doble pulsadores, son relevantes en cuanto a la mejora de la eficiencia energética, suponen inversiones moderadas y obtienen unos periodos de retorno simple de la inversión atractivos para los gestores de los edificios. Se abren nuevas vías de investigación que apuntan a realizar el análisis de otros flujos de materia e información, de manera que se establezca la relación entre dichos flujos y el consumo de energía que llevan aparejados.
Innovative Approach to Meet the Needs of Working Professionals Through Blended Learning
Authors: Leffler Jeffrey L. , Suddeath Eric G. , Cruse Terry Dale , Hall Kimberly R.
Published: February 2020

Blended learning is an emerging approach to distance education that has gained increasing acceptance by faculty in higher education. This chapter presents an innovative approach to blended learning conceptualized as Blended Plus. This approach empowers students to choose how they prefer to interact with instruction within a course. Existing research in blended learning shows significant impact on student learning outcomes. Despite this, some faculty feel apprehensive about online learning modalities, perceiving it as a threat to their faculty role. Others find it appealing because they believe it protects their essential role as the facilitator of instruction. This chapter illustrates how a group of faculty members made students' needs a priority through their willingness to modify courses to provide working professionals greater accessibility to education. Benefits, challenges, and future directions of the new approach will be discussed.
Challenges, Issues, and Trends in Adult Education
Authors: Wu Jeng-Yang
Published: February 2020

This chapter explores how adults think, learn, and apply knowledge in their daily lives to effectively design a curriculum, create activities, and integrate valuable technology into the course design. The chapter summarizes adult learning theories, including self-directed, transformative, and experiential learning, as well as the concept of andragogy. Instructors are provided with practical tools and methodologies which will help them to produce effective adult learning experiences.
Issues of Health-Related Physical Fitness of the Adult Learner
Authors: Chukwudo Donatus Udochukwu
Published: February 2020

This chapter discussed the importance of physical fitness concerning adult learners' readiness to participate meaningfully in academia. Despite the importance of health-related physical fitness, not many adults seem to have given the issue (physical fitness) the needed attention. The chapter focused on the issues associated with a reduced level of physical activity participation, and the changing modes of transportation, and how the issues could interfere with learning if not addressed — suggestions on how to improve physical fitness while learning constitutes parts of the discussion.
Automatic Detection and Severity Assessment of Pepper Bacterial Spot Disease via MultiModels Based on Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Wu Qiufeng , Ji Miaomiao , Deng Zhao
Published: February 2020

Pepper bacterial spot disease caused by Xanthomonas campestris is the most common pepper bacterial disease, which ultimately reduces productivity and quality of products. This work uses deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to serve fine-grained pepper bacterial spot disease severity classification tasks. The pepper bacterial spot disease leaf images collected from the PlantVillage dataset are further annotated by botanists and split into healthy samples (label1), general samples (label2), and serious samples (label3). To extract more effective and discriminative features, an integrated neural network denoted as MultiModel_VGR is proposed for automatic detection and severity assessment of pepper bacterial spot disease, which is based on three powerful and popular deep learning architectures, namely VGGNet, GoogLeNet and ResNet. Compared with state-of-the-art single CNN architectures and binary-integrated MultiModels, MultiModel_VGR yields the best overall accuracy of 95.34% on the hold-out test dataset, which may have great potential in crop disease control for modern agriculture.
Towards a Conceptual Framework for Security Requirements Work in Agile Software Development
Authors: Tøndel Inger Anne , Jaatun Martin Gilje
Published: February 2020

Security requirement work plays a key role in achieving cost-effective and adequate security in a software development project. Knowledge about software companies' experiences of security requirement work is important in order to bridge the observed gap between software security practices and security risks in many projects today. Particularly, such knowledge can help researchers improve on available practices and recommendations. This article uses the results of published empirical studies on security requirement work to create a conceptual framework that shows key concepts related to work context, this work itself and the effects of this work. The resulting framework points to the following research challenges: 1) Identifying and understanding factors important for the effect of security requirements work; 2) Understanding what is the importance of the chosen requirements approach itself, and; 3) Properly taking into account contextual factors, especially factors related to individuals and interactions, in planning and analysis of empirical studies on security requirements work.
Multi-Criteria Decision Making Semantic for Mental Healthcare
Authors: Benfares Chaymae , Akhrif Ouidad , El Bouzekri El Idrissi Younès , Hamid Karim
Published: February 2020

Healthcare systems play an important role in the well-being of patients; however, the diagnostic process generates a very large and varied types of data which makes the process of analyzing this data very complicated. More precisely, depression, which is one of the most common psychological disorders, contains a taxonomy of different symptoms, heterogeneous, and varied by data criteria, as confronted by clinicians to predict the degree of the disorder in patients with the aim of selecting the best treatment. To this end, the authors propose a decision architecture based on an approach that combines method ontologies, the Analytic Hierarchy Process, in the context of the prevention and monitoring of depression trends in patients.
Web Mining Customer Perceptions to Define Product Positions and Design Preferences
Authors: Chang Ai-Che , Trappey Charles V. , Trappey Amy J.C. , Chen Luna W.L.
Published: February 2020

E-commerce provides a global platform supporting product transactions through the consumer purchase lifecycle including communications of perceived satisfaction and dissatisfaction. The customer feedback functions and social networks of many e-commerce websites allow for the creation of extremely large databases that can be mined to model the customers' perceptions toward online purchases. This research uses online customer reviews as the business intelligence corpus to help companies redesign products that better satisfy consumer preferences and differentiate their product offerings. After identifying the specific webpages of customer reviews, a web crawler collects review text. Computer-supported text mining, cluster analysis, and perceptual mapping are combined as a systematic analytic approach to compare products in a given domain. The study assists phone manufacturers to understand the positive and negative perceptions of customers related to their post-purchase experiences. The customer-preferred product functions, features, and price positions provide valuable strategic intelligence for new product designs and market differentiation.
Multi-Intentional Description of Learning Semantic Web Services
Authors: Ben Mahmoud Chaker , Azaiez Ikbel , Bettahar Fathia
Published: February 2020

E-learning systems use web service technology to develop distributed applications. Therefore, with the tremendous growth in the number of web services, finding the proper services while ensuring the independence and reusability of the learning objects in a different context has become an important issue and has attracted much interest. This article first proposes an extension of the Ontology Web Language for Services Learning Object (OWLS-LO) model to describe a multi-intentional learning object. This description ensures accessibility to learning objects. This research then presents a service discovery mechanism that uses the new semantic model for service matching. Experimental results show that the proposed semantic discovery mechanism using multi-intention model performs better than discovery mechanism based on single intention.
TLR7 and TLR8 Differentially Activate the IRF and NF-κB Pathways in Specific Cell Types to Promote Inflammation
Authors: Bender Andrew T , Tzvetkov Evgeni , Pereira Albertina , Wu Yin , Kasar Siddha , Przetak Melinda M , Vlach Jaromir , Niewold Timothy B , Jensen Mark A , Okitsu Shinji L
Published: February 2020

TLR7 and TLR8 are pattern recognition receptors that reside in the endosome and are activated by ssRNA molecules. TLR7 and TLR8 are normally part of the antiviral defense response, but they have also been implicated as drivers of autoimmune diseases such as lupus. The receptors have slightly different ligand-binding specificities and cellular expression patterns that suggest they have nonredundant specialized roles. How the roles of TLR7 and TLR8 differ may be determined by which cell types express each TLR and how the cells respond to activation of each receptor. To provide a better understanding of the effects of TLR7/8 activation, we have characterized changes induced by TLR-specific agonists in different human immune cell types and defined which responses are a direct consequence of TLR7 or TLR8 activation and which are secondary responses driven by type I IFN or cytokines produced subsequent to the primary response. Using cell sorting, gene expression analysis, and intracellular cytokine staining, we have found that the IFN regulatory factor (IRF) and NF-κB pathways are differentially activated downstream of the TLRs in various cell types. Studies with an anti-IFNAR Ab in human cells and lupus mice showed that inhibiting IFN activity can block secondary IFN-induced gene expression changes downstream of TLR7/8 activation, but not NF-κB–regulated genes induced directly by TLR7/8 activation at earlier timepoints. In summary, these results elucidate the different roles TLR7 and TLR8 play in immunity and inform strategies for potential treatment of autoimmune diseases driven by TLR7/8 activation.
Factors influencing motivation of nurse leaders in a private hospital group in Gauteng, South Africa: A quantitative study
Authors: Breed Maria , Downing Charlene , Ally Hafisa
Published: February 2020

Background: Nurse leadership is about aligning employees to a vision. This happens with buy-in, motivation and communication. When conducive environments are created by organisations, the motivation of nurse leaders will be enhanced, which will have a positive outcome on the organisation. Highly motivated nurse leaders accomplish more and are more productive. Nurse leadership is an essential source of support, mentorship and role modelling. These attributes tend to be more evident when nurse leaders are motivated.Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the factors that influence the motivation of nurse leaders.Method: A quantitative, descriptive design and stratified sampling was used. Participants comprised unit managers (n = 49) from five hospitals in a private hospital group in South Africa. A self-administered questionnaire, namely, the Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale, was used to collect the data. Data were analysed using the IBM SPSS 22.0 program.Results: The results indicated that the nurse leaders in this study were intrinsically motivated. Their motivation was influenced by support, relatedness, autonomy and competence. No relationships were found between motivation and age, years in a management position, gender, qualifications and staff-reporting structure.Conclusion: By implication, to understand what motivates nurse leaders and to keep them motivated, recommendations were proposed to nursing and human resources management. It is expected that the implementation of the recommendations will have a positive influence on patient outcomes, organisational success and the motivation and satisfaction of nurse leaders.
Gauge theory and $\mathrm G_2$-geometry on Calabi–Yau links
Authors: Calvo-Andrade Omegar , Rodríguez Díaz Lázaro O. , Sá Earp Henrique N.
Published: February 2020

The 7-dimensional link

K

of a weighted homogeneous hypersurface on the round 9-sphere in

\mathbb{C}^5

has a nontrivial null Sasakian structure which is contact Calabi–Yau, in many cases. It admits a canonical co-calibrated

\mathrm G_2

-structure

\varphi

induced by the Calabi–Yau 3-orbifold basic geometry. We distinguish these pairs

(K,\varphi)

by the Crowley–Nordström

\mathbb{Z}_{48}

-valued

\nu

invariant, for which we prove odd parity and provide an algorithmic formula.

We describe moreover a natural Yang–Mills theory on such spaces, with many important features of the torsion-free case, such as a Chern–Simons formalism and topological energy bounds. In fact, compatible

\mathrm G_2

-instantons on holomorphic Sasakian bundles over

K

are exactly the transversely Hermitian Yang–Mills connections. As a proof of principle, we obtain

\mathrm G_2

-instantons over the Fermat quintic link from stable bundles over the smooth projective Fermat quintic, thus relating in a concrete example the Donaldson–Thomas theory of the quintic threefold with a conjectural

\mathrm G_2

-instanton count.
Regulatory exclusivity protection for undisclosed test data in China: an innovative approach to implementing the TRIPS Agreement
Authors: Liang Zhiwen
Published: February 2020

Regulatory exclusivity, the TRIPS-plus protection for undisclosed test data, is considered as the principal means to extend market protection for brand-name pharmaceutical companies. When China joined the World Trade Organization in 2001, it promised to enact new laws or regulations that will comply with article 39.3 of the TRIPS Agreement. China's choice of implementing the TRIPS Agreement through regulatory exclusivity resulted mainly from intrinsic demands for China's strategy of innovative-driven development, and partly from the pressure of China-US trade disputes. There are two categories of regulatory exclusivities under China's laws. One is the market exclusivity for New Drugs and Traditional Chinese Medicine. The other is the data exclusivity for Innovative Drugs, Orphan Drugs, Paediatric Drugs, Innovative Biologics; and a ‘Generic Exclusivity’ for the first generic drug company that succeeds in challenging weak patents of pharmaceutical products.
Related rights in uncommon places: the right of performers during spiritual traditional festivals in contemporary Nigeria
Authors: Lawal-Arowolo Ayoyemi , Odunaike Dorcas A
Published: February 2020

The birth and development of performers' rights was initially witnessed in the twentieth century. Domestic laws and international conventions were drafted and implemented in various countries and the international community. Nigeria has followed a similar trend in the development of performers' rights by providing provisions protecting these rights. Equally, Nigeria has signed and ratified international treaties providing for the protection of performers' rights. However, there are issues relating to performers' rights that have not been given consideration. A broader system of protecting traditional performances with spiritual and social components is required. Purely spiritual festivals such as the Oro festival is guided by custom which must not be disregarded as a means of protection. Only worshippers or devotees are allowed to be a part of the festival. Strangers and women are forbidden to see the procession and when or if they do, the consequences are grave. Conversely, the Eyo, Atilogwu, Tengra and Osun Oshogbo festivals are spiritual festivals with social components that are not rigidly protected by custom, neither are the performances considered for protection in related rights in Nigeria. Such performances are littered on the internet by those who attend the festivals from various parts of the world. While the extent to which performers are protected in the Copyright Act of Nigeria should be commended, more should be done.
European Union: Collective bargaining and internal flexibility during the Great Recession
Authors: Ruesga Santos M. , de Pablos María Isabel Heredero , Da Silva Bichara Julimar , Ortiz Laura Pérez , Apaolaza Ana Viñas , Monsueto Sandro Eduardo
Published: February 2020

The paper’s main objective is to analyze the collective bargaining response in terms of internal flexibility during the Great Recession (GR) in five EU countries (Spain, Germany, France, Italy, United Kingdom), and three economic sectors (industry, commerce and hospitality, and financial services and real estate), at the establishment level (ECS2013 database). The theoretical framework used is linked to the varieties of unionism and to the debate on the tendency towards the international homogenization or heterogenization of collective bargaining between the European Union countries. Using a descriptive statistical analysis and a probit model, this paper presents new evidences. However, the responses were heterogeneous between countries and sectors, the use of internal functional flexibility has been more intense than the numerical and salary internal flexibility. Moreover, it is related to the intensity of GR. These results, in general, while requiring a more detailed analysis of the effects of the GR on internal flexibility in the EU countries, contribute to introducing a new perspective in the socioeconomic literature about the collective bargaining and internal flexibility.
Accurate 3-D radiative transfer simulation of spectral solar irradiance during the total solar eclipse of 21 August 2017
Authors: Ockenfuß Paul , Emde Claudia , Mayer Bernhard , Bernhard Germar
Published: February 2020

Abstract. We calculate the variation of spectral solar irradiance in the umbral shadow of the total solar eclipse of 21 August 2017 and compare it to observations. Starting from the Sun's and Moon's positions, we derive a realistic profile of the lunar shadow at the top of the atmosphere, including the effect of solar limb darkening. Subsequently, the Monte Carlo model MYSTIC (Monte Carlo code for the phYSically correct Tracing of photons In Cloudy atmospheres) is used to simulate the transfer of solar radiation through the Earth's atmosphere. Among the effects taken into account are the atmospheric state (pressure, temperature), concentrations of major gas constituents and the curvature of the Earth, as well as the reflectance and elevation of the surrounding area. We apply the model to the total solar eclipse on 21 August 2017 at a position located in Oregon, USA, where irradiance observations were performed for wavelengths between 306 and 1020 nm. The influence of the surface reflectance, the ozone profile, the mountains surrounding the observer and aerosol is investigated. An increased sensitivity during totality is found for the reflectance, aerosol and topography, compared to non-eclipse conditions. During the eclipse, the irradiance at the surface not only depends on the total ozone column (TOC) but also on the vertical ozone distribution, which in general complicates derivations of the TOC from spectral surface irradiance. The findings are related to an analysis of the prevailing photon path and its difference compared to non-eclipse conditions. Using the most realistic estimate for each parameter, the model is compared to the irradiance observations.
During totality, the relative difference between model and observations is less than 10 % in the spectral range from 400 to 1020 nm. Slightly larger deviations occur in the ultraviolet range below 400 and at 665 nm.