bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Loratadin ve Desloratadin’in İyonlaşma Sabitlerinin HPLC Yöntemi ile Tayini
Authors: Başat Dereli Dilara , Tekin Kocabay Yasemin
Published: December 2019

Çağın
giderek yaygınlaşan hastalıklarından biri alerjik rinittir. Alerjik rinitin
tedavisinde öncelikle alerjenlerden kaçınma ve ilaç tedavisi kullanılır. İlaç
olarak daha çok alerjenin etkisini azaltan antihistaminikler kullanılır. Bu
sebeple son yıllarda bu ilaçların çözünürlük, biyolojik aktivite, absorpsiyon,
lipofilik etkileri ve iyonlaşma sabitleri gibi fizikokimyasal parametreleri,
yan etkileri ve ilaç etkileşimleri daha kapsamlı araştırılmaktadır. İyonlaşma
sabiti (pKa) bir molekülün iyonlaşmış ve iyonlaşmamış formlarının
birbirine eşit olduğu pH değeridir. pKa değeri ilaç absorbsiyonunu
etkiler. İlaçların çoğu suda çözünürlüğü az olan moleküller olduğu için iyonlaşma
sabitlerinin tayinlerinde su-organik çözücü ikili karışımları kullanılır. Bu
çalışmada loratadin ve desloratadin’in su-asetonitril çözücü karışımında
iyonlaşma sabiti değerleri HPLC yöntemiyle tayin edilmiştir. Non lineer
regresyon programı (NLREG) kullanılarak elde edilen pKa
değerlerinden Mol kesri-pKa yöntemi ve Yasuda-Shedlovsky ekstrapolasyon
yöntemiyle sudaki pKa değerlerine geçilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin
bilgisayar programı ile hesaplanan verilerle uyum içerisinde olduğu
gözlenmiştir.
Frugal MOOCs
Authors: Shah Mariam Aman , Santandreu Calonge David
Published: December 2019

There is a growing body of literature that recognizes the role Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) can play in improving access to education globally, and particularly to thousands of people in developing and developed countries. There is increasing concern, however, that the millions of displaced refugee learners throughout Europe, the Middle East, and other regions are still disadvantaged when it comes to engaging in learning through MOOCs. The reasons for this disadvantage range from a lack of appropriate infrastructure or other supporting structures, to a lack of contextualized content. So far, little attention has been paid to contextualized MOOC models, which may both impact policies and be adapted to the specific needs of these learners who often do not have the means to access many education opportunities. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to propose a frugally-engineered MOOC model that addresses the barriers of access and participation for refugees. This paper engages in an exploratory research methodology, using findings from the literature and expert opinions gathered through interviews. These findings lead to the development of what the authors call a Frugal MOOC Model which can be contextualized to meet the needs of refugee learners. The paper goes on to highlight the development of the Frugal MOOC Model as the first phase of an ongoing study. It concludes with recommendations for the next phase of the study: how to implement the newly developed model.
Value of Open Microcredentials to Earners and Issuers
Authors: Young Danny , West Richard Edward , Nylin Travis Ann
Published: December 2019

While microcredentials and open digital badges have become increasingly popular in education, more research is needed to better understand their implementation and benefits to both issuers and users. In this paper, we use a case study approach to report and discuss the outcomes from the implementation of an open badges program at National Instruments, highlighting the effects this program has had on both National Instruments and its users. As the program evolves to better meet the needs of its stakeholders, we find that both participants (badge earners) and the issuer (National Instruments) see potential value in the National Instruments Badging Program. The value for both seems to stem from the way in which the program enables the sharing of badges, which helps the earner establish their skills/reputation while also increasing awareness of the program for National Instruments. This study adds to our understanding of why an organization may find value in offering open microcredentials as an alternative to traditional professional development and certificates for their customers and employees.
Ranking Meets Distance Education
Authors: Pozzi Francesca , Manganello Flavio , Passarelli Marcello , Persico Donatella , Brasher Andrew , Holmes Wayne , Whitelock Denise , Sangrà Albert
Published: December 2019

University ranking systems are being implemented with the aim of assessing and comparing higher education institutions at a global level. Despite their being increasingly used, rankings are often strongly criticized for their social and economic implications, as well as for limitations in their technical implementation. One of these limitations is that they do not consider the specific characteristics of online education. This study used a participatory approach to define a set of criteria and indicators suitable to reflect the specific nature of distance education. This endeavour will help evaluate and rank online higher education institutions more appropriately than in current practice, where indicators are devised for traditional universities. To this end, several stakeholders and informants were involved in a Delphi study in an attempt to reach the broader higher education institutions (HEI) community. According to the study participants, apart from students’ achievements and general quantitative measures of HEI performance, which are quite common in traditional ranking systems, teaching and student learning experience turned out to be the most important criteria. Student support, teacher support, technological infrastructure, research and organization were deemed middle ground criteria, while sustainability and reputation were regarded as the least important criteria.
APLIKASI ALAT VACUM PROCESS PADA PENYADAPAN POHON KELAPA TERHADAP VOLUME NIRA YANG DIHASILKAN SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS PETANI GULA MERAH KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI
Authors: Chairul Anam , Sandryas Kurniasanti Alief , Khairul Muzaka
Published: December 2019

Banyuwangi has the advantage of being a coastal area including abundant coconut trees. The problem in the tapping process of this sap, especially coconut trees, is the clogging of the tapping area on the flower stem that occurs naturally. So far what has been done is by cleaning the blockage through thin cuts on the tapped part. This is a tiring routine that must be carried out every morning and evening, plus the tapping roomie is brought manually then the shelter is taken up to be reassembled on tapped flower bunches. Therefore it is necessary to have the best solution to the problem. The method of this research is a vacuum system that is applied to the tapping process of the sapper with the aim of finding a comparison of the effect of manual and vacuum methods on the volume of sap produced on coconut trees and the results of fluid obtained compared. The results showed that the tapping process of coconut sap namely the manual method achieved an average yield of 24.12 liters in the morning and 23.15 liters in the afternoon and by using vacuum averaged 24.33 liters in the morning and 23.70 liters in the afternoon.

Keywords: Tapping of coconut trees, vacuum system, the volume of sap
Comunicación terapéutica en Fibromialgia = Therapeutic communication in Fibromyalgia
Authors: Gil Sola Carmen María
Published: December 2019

Resumen: Introducción: El carácter invisible y la estigmatización que existe acerca de la fibromialgia (FM) crean dificultades en la relación entre profesionales sanitarios y pacientes, por lo tanto, es necesario conocer las necesidades de comunicación entre ambos. Objetivos: Identificar la necesidad de comunicación entre profesionales sanitarios y pacientes con FM, conocer el grado de satisfacción de las personas con FM con respecto a la atención comunicativa recibida y determinar recomendaciones primordiales para una comunicación terapéutica eficaz. Metodología: Revisión sistemática a través de bases de datos de Ciencias de la Salud y páginas webs de organismos oficiales durante Enero y Febrero de 2019. Se obtuvieron un total de 166 artículos, de los cuales fueron seleccionados finalmente 25. Resultados: La comunicación entre profesionales y pacientes con FM es deficiente. Los pacientes están insatisfechos con la atención recibida y reivindican una comunicación más abierta y empática. Conclusión: Es necesario mejorar la comunicación entre profesionales y pacientes con FM para ofrecer una atención de calidad y mejorar la relación terapéutica. El respeto, el apoyo emocional, la escucha activa, la comprensión y la empatía son claves para una comunicación eficaz.Palabras clave: Comunicación; Fibromialgia; Relación profesional-paciente; Relación médico-paciente; Satisfacción del paciente.Abstract: Introduction: The invisible character and stigmatization that exists about fibromyalgia (FM) create difficulties in the relationship between health professionals and patients, therefore, it is necessary to know the communication needs between both. Objectives: To identify the need for communication between health professionals and patients with FM, to know the degree of satisfaction of people with FM with respect to the communicative attention received and determine essential recommendations for effective therapeutic communication. Methodology: Systematic review through Health Sciences databases and websites of official organizations during January and February 2019. A total of 166 articles were obtained, of which 25 were finally selected. Results: Communication between professionals and patients with FM is deficient. Patients are dissatisfied with the attention received and reclaim a more open and empathetic communication. Conclusion: It is necessary to improve communication between professionals and patients with FM to provide a quality attention and improve the therapeutic relationship. Respect, emotional support, active listening, understanding and empathy are key to effective communication.Keywords: Communication; Fibromyalgia; Professional-patient relation; Physician-Patient relation; Patient satisfaction.
Visitas escolares ao Parque Paleontológico de Itaboraí
Authors: Oliveira Guilherme Cordeiro da Graça de , Balbino Ausenda Cáceres , Oliva Edwaldo , Castro Luis Otávio Rezende , Ribeiro Fátima Sueli Neto
Published: December 2019

O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi utilizar o Parque Paleontológico de Itaboraí (PPI) – no município de Itaboraí (RJ) - como um espaço não formal para o ensino e aprendizagem de conteúdos de paleontologia. Visitas guiadas foram elaboradas, mediadas e avaliadas seguindo um percurso metodológico que se caracteriza como uma pesquisa ação.  Os instrumentos utilizados foram anotações do tipo “diário de bordo” e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que o procedimento adotado foi capaz de proporcionar ganhos afetivos e cognitivos aos participantes.
Plataforma open-web Geo-Escola
Authors: Carneiro Celso Dal Ré , Barbosa Isabella Nogueira Bittar de Castilho , Amendola Danilo , Miguel Gisele Francelino , Malaquias Júnior José Roberto
Published: December 2019

Os resultados obtidos nos módulos do Projeto Geo-Escola, acessíveis no portal http://www.geo-escola.pro.br/, indicam benefícios da transposição didática do raciocínio geológico para o ensino fundamental e médio. Apesar do fascínio das crianças e jovens por vulcões, terremotos, dinossauros, enchentes e desastres naturais, a disseminação do conhecimento geológico esbarra na insuficiente divulgação de noções básicas sobre processos naturais e sobre o conceito de Tempo Geológico. A expressão “conhecer para proteger” pode partir do conhecimento regional e local de Geologia, mas raramente os professores da escola básica dispõem de dados específicos sobre o relevo, rochas e recursos naturais das regiões onde seus alunos vivem. Para tornar o Portal Geo-Escola uma plataforma aberta à produção de pesquisadores de todo o País, são necessárias regras e critérios de filtragem e validação do conhecimento. Este trabalho descreve as linhas mestras de abertura da plataforma, esperando torna-la uma ferramenta efetiva de ensino-aprendizagem.
Taxonomia de Bloom como instrumento no ensino-aprendizagem de projeção estereográfica em geologia
Authors: Miguel Gisele Francelino , Carneiro Celso Dal Ré
Published: December 2019

Estudantes de Geologia enfrentam dificuldades para desenvolver a capacidade de dar significado e caracterizar o arranjo geométrico de estruturas rochosas. Quando é preciso interpretar movimentos e deslocamentos, a barreira se expande ainda mais. A natureza tridimensional das estruturas estimula o desenvolvimento do raciocínio visual pelos geólogos, juntamente com a integração/associação de diversos tipos de dados. Docentes de Geologia Estrutural são desafiados a criar atividades práticas que facilitem e tornem o aprendizado mais atraente, utilizando a projeção estereográfica. Este trabalho aplica a taxonomia de Bloom como ferramenta de ensino-aprendizagem, sob a perspectiva de que as categorias podem facilitar o alcance dos objetivos das disciplinas, além de clarificar as atividades práticas e contribuir para planejar conteúdos, tarefas e avaliação. Para fazer frente às dificuldades dos estudantes, os autores elaboraram e propuseram categorias nos três domínios da taxonomia de Bloom para ensino de Geologia Estrutural, focalizando especificamente o conteúdo de projeção estereográfica.
Análise crítica de conceitos de geologia apresentados na plataforma YouTube® com foco em vídeo-aulas
Authors: Amendola Danilo , Carneiro Celso Dal Ré
Published: December 2019

O acesso à internet é uma realidade cotidiana de grande parte da população, que possibilita acesso irrestrito às redes sociais ou plataformas digitais. Os usos dos ambientes são os mais variados possíveis, dentre os quais se inclui a educação. É possível encontrar uma infinidade de resumos e outros materiais educativos, como as vídeo-aulas. O YouTube®, uma plataforma bastante utilizada, hospeda vídeo-aulas sobre variados temas em múltiplas áreas do conhecimento, inexistindo análise prévia do conteúdo publicado. Os impedimentos para postagem relacionam-se principalmente a direitos autorais e não à veracidade da informação apresentada. Devido à presença massiva, muitos vídeos fornecem conceitos errôneos ou informações incompletas. O presente artigo analisa vídeos nos quais predominam temas de Geologia, abordados muitas vezes como assuntos da Geografia. Os principais problemas observados nos vídeos foram: baixa qualidade das informações, erros e equívocos conceituais bastante graves – quando presentes –, porém em geral os vídeos bem avaliados possuem uma ótima linguagem, comunicação clara e excelente uso de esquemas/figuras.
Anne Boykin Institute for the Advancement of Caring in Nursing Use of Robots to Complement Caring Relationships in Nursing Position Paper
Authors: Bulfin Susan , Grobbel Claudia , Fuller Willa
Published: December 2019

This position paper expresses current and future concerns about the use of robots in nursing. This statement reflects integration of humanoid nurse robots (HNRs) in nursing education, practice, and research. It is imperative nurses be directly involved in decisions about the design, implementation, and evaluation of the use of HNRs in healthcare. As questions arise about the ethical use of robots in nursing situations, caring theories will inform the implementation of HNRs in nursing to ensure the we protect the safety and the dignity of those entrusted to our care.
Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors and Physical Activity in Middle-Aged Women
Authors: Wang Pao-Yu , Tsao Lee-Ing , Lin Mei-Hsiang , Lee Chin-Ying
Published: December 2019

Aim: The purpose of this study was to explore the correlation between physical activity and metabolic syndrome risk factors middle-aged women.Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 101 middle-aged women with metabolic syndrome risk factors were recruited from a regional teaching hospital in Taiwan. Surveys were conducted using a demographic questionnaire, and the Taiwanese version of the self-administered short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire.Results: The research results indicate that (1) 69% of the Women with metabolic syndrome were mostly in postmenopause, and the most common risk factor for metabolic syndrome was abdominal obesity (80.2%). (2) Fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥ 100mg/dl and the level of physical activity showed significantly differences (χ2 = 6.1, p < .05). (3)The total metabolic equivalents (METs) of physical activities of having or no having metabolic syndrome women showed significantly different, no having metabolic syndrome women higher then metabolic syndrome women (t = 2.23, p < .05). (4) The predictor of waist circumference ≥ 80cm is basal metabolic index (BMI) (OR = 3.46; 95% CI = 1.61, 7.46) (p < .05), the predictor of FBG ≥ 100mg/dl is insufficient physical activity (OR = 11.29; 95% CI = 1.72, 73.82) (p < .05), and the predictors of metabolic syndrome are BMI (OR = 1.68; 95% CI = 1.33, 2.08), menopause (OR = 12.3; 95% CI = 1.25, 120.68), and postmenopause (OR = 42.97; 95% CI = 2.22, 831.41) (p < .05).Conclusions: This study recommends that to prevent metabolic syndrome, middle-aged women should adopt an active lifestyle, actively control their weight, and a minimum of 150 min of moderate-intensity physical activity per week or 75 min of high-intensity physical activity. This result is a potentially crucial reference for healthcare professionals in their care of patients with metabolic syndrome.
Ankylosing Spondylitis Complicated with Atlantoaxial Dislocation and Destruction of the Dens and Lateral Atlantoaxial Joint
Authors: Shao Jia , Gao Yan Zheng , Gao Kun , Yu Zheng Hong
Published: December 2019

Case:

Non-neoplastic bone destruction, known as Andersson lesion, is not rare in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and always appeared as bone destruction and sclerosis in the vertebral body-intervertebral disc region. The Andersson lesion has been reported mostly in the thoracic and lumbar spine and rarely in the lower cervical spine. We surgically treated a patient with AS complicated with atlantoaxial dislocation and destruction of dens and lateral atlantoaxial joint, which was similar to the Andersson lesion.

Conclusions:

AS can cause destructive lesion in the upper cervical spine. Posterior reduction, removal of the lesion, and fusion were possible approaches for the treatment of this destructive lesion.
Device and Measuring Method the Moments of Rolling Resistance Forces on the Contact Spot
Authors: Gilavdary I. Z. , Mekid S. , Riznookaya N. N.
Published: December 2019

Currently, the study of rolling friction is one of the main directions in the study of the laws of contact interaction of solids. The complexity of solving the problems existing in this area is evidenced by the practically vast number of publications, the list of which is constantly growing.

In this paper, attention is paid to studies of the moments of rolling resistance at displacements from the equilibrium position of a ball-shaped body that are substantially smaller than the size of the contact spot. The purpose of the present work is to describe the design of the single-contact pendulum device developed by the authors, in which the physical pendulum, resting on the flat surface of the body under study with only one ball, makes free small stable swings in a vertical plane, as well as in the description of a special measurement technique with high sensitivity and accuracy rolling resistance forces, including adhesion forces and frequency-independent forces of elastic deformations. It is assumed that the adhesion forces can exhibit both dissipative properties and elastic properties, while elastic forces are independent of the strain rate.

The originality of the method of measuring rolling resistance in this paper consists in using the method of nonlinear approximation of the dependence of the amplitude and period of swing of the pendulum on time. The approximation is carried out on the basis of the proposed laws of amplitude decay and period variation, which differ from the usual exponential law.

It is assumed that this approach allows one to evaluate the surface tension of a solid and evaluate the pressure of adhesion forces between the surfaces of the contacting bodies, as well as to establish an analytical form of the moment of rolling resistance. The curves of the dependence of the rolling resistance moment on the swing amplitude of the pendulum are constructed. Experiments were performed for the following pairs of contacting bodies: steel-steel, steel-glass, steel-electritechnical silicon. It was assumed that the pressure at the contact spot did not exceed the elastic limit.

The developed single-ball pendulum device and the proposed measurement procedure open up new wide possibilities for studying the laws of mechanisms of rolling resistance under conditions of microand mesoscale displacements of a rolling body from a state of rest.
Technique for Studying of the Dynamics of Changes of a Smoky Environment Parameters during the Transition of Pyrolysis to Flame Combustion
Authors: Antoshyn A. A. , Nikitin V. I.
Published: December 2019

The existing methods for monitoring the performance of multi-criteria fire detectors do not provide for verification of their characteristics in the conditions of transition from smoldering to flame burning. The aim of the work is the development of the research methods of the environmental parameters during the transition from smoldering (pyrolysis) to flame combustion for simulation a test fire while checking the quality of multi-criteria fire detectors.

A technique to conduct research of environmental parameters under conditions of heating wood samples of different sizes to a temperature of selfignition and burning crumpled and smooth paper has been developed.

Changes in the concentration of carbon monoxide, specific optical density, and scattering ability during the transition from smoldering (pyrolysis) to flame burning of prepared wood and crumpled paper were studied for the first time.

It is shown that the controlled environmental parameters during the transition from smoldering pyrolysis to flame burning change together. Conclusion: the speed of growth of the scattering ability of smoke decreases by 2.4 times, the speed of increase in the specific optical density and concentration of carbon monoxide increases by 2 and 5.3 times (respec-tively), during the transition from pyrolysis to flame burning of wood.
Features of the use of specialized languages for the construction of geometric models of cellular objects in fi element modeling and optimization calculations
Authors: Naprasnikov V. V. , Polozkov Yu. V. , Borodulya A. V. , Kunkevich D. P.
Published: December 2019

To perform optimization calculations based on the finite element approach in accordance with the criteria accepted by the researcher, it is necessary to first create a parametric geometric model of the product so as to be able to further determine their optimal values by varying the geometric parameters of the project. Since one of the main approaches to the formation of the optimization model is the use of cellular aggregates, the urgent issue is the construction of such geometric objects. The possibility of using the Python language in the SpaceClaim environment to build periodic placeholders is considered. Code fragments and construction results for one of the placeholder types are given. An example of the APDL code for ANSYS of a different type of placeholder is given. The statement of the optimization problem is described and the results of optimization calculations for this placeholder are presented using the example of one construction.
Specificity of the operator’s activity performing the work with the forecasting tools of technologically and chronologically interconnected events in the system of continuous forecasting and tracking information flows
Authors: Savluchinskij V. V.
Published: December 2019

Creation of an automated continuous forecasting system based on tracking information flows requires the development of a number of algorithms and machine programs to build a model of the forecast object based on the obtained identification features, to optimize a branched technologically and chronologically interconnected network of hierarchically coordinated events with an example of the work of the operator performing the work with the prediction tool in the system continuous forecasting and tracking information E flows.
ESports competition as an novation of information society and methodology of its design
Authors: Kravchenko D. V. , Bel’skij I. V. , Starzhinskij V. P.
Published: December 2019

ESports are considered as novation of the information society. The quality of an eSports competition as a process providing an information-to-technological service is defined. The need to develop the technical-to-technological component design techniques of eSports competitions and their implementation in the frame of QMS ISO 9000 is justified.
Understanding Loss Mechanisms: The Key to Successful Drilling in Depleted Reservoirs?
Authors: Scheldt Therese , Andrews Jamie Stuart , Lavrov Alexandre
Published: December 2019

Mud losses are frequently observed when drilling in depleted formations. This is because of the decrease in the minimum in-situ stress during depletion. As a result of this decrease, the lost-circulation pressure—or fracture gradient (FG)—decreases, and the operational mud-weight window shrinks. Losses in such formations are often observed when drilling through sand/shale sequences. Preventing and curing losses requires a sound understanding of loss mechanisms. In this study, we investigate several mechanisms that might be responsible for the elevated risk of mud losses in differentially depleted sand/shale sequences. Numerical models of synthetic cases representative of lost-circulation scenarios in a high-pressure/high-temperature (HP/HT) field in the North Sea, under normal faulting conditions, are set up using the finite-element method. The simulations reveal that shear displacement at the horizontal sand/shale interfaces is unlikely to cause losses. On the other hand, shear displacement and losses might be induced at high-angle sand/shale interfaces, such as those found near faults. In addition, faults introduce an extra complexity to the stress distribution and stress-path coefficients. Stress anisotropy near faults might increase during depletion, making both lost-circulation issues and borehole-stability problems worse. The zone most prone to lost circulation in a faulted formation is located in depleted sand adjacent to the fault. The loss mechanism here is because of drilling-induced fractures (DIFs). In addition, depletion itself might induce fractures in shale adjacent to the depleted sand and located across the fault from it. Such fractures might then serve as escape paths for the drilling fluid during infill drilling. The loss mechanism here is caused by pre-existing, depletion-induced fractures. These findings are in agreement with field observations. A noncircular (elliptic or irregular) borehole cross section is found to reduce the fracture-initiation pressure (FIP). An irregular borehole cross section is, thus, another possible mechanism behind irregular loss patterns observed in depleted fields. The results from the study are important for establishing best practices when drilling in depleted formations.
EBV-miR-BART12 accelerates cancer cell migration and invasion through targeting TPPP1 in EBV associated cancer
Authors: Wu Yingfen , Wei Fang , Wang Dan , Tang Le , Yang Liting , Shi Lei , Guo Can , Xiong Fang , Li Xiayu , Wu Xu , Gong Zhaojian , Zhou Ming , Xiang Bo , Li Xiaoling , Li Guiyuan , Zeng Zhaoyang , Xiong Wei
Published: December 2019

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is suggested to actively utilize its EBV microRNAs (miRNAs) to manipulate viral and cellular functions during neoplasia transformation. But its role in tumor development and maintenance remains unclear. The objective of this study is to examine EBV-miRNA-BART12 implicated in EBV associated carcinogenesis. Methods :Expression of EBV-miRNA-BART12 and TPPP1 (Tubulin Polymerization Promoting Protein 1) was confirmed by GEO datasets, RT-PCR and in situ hybridization. Luciferase analyses, RT-PCR and western blotting experiments examined and confirmed that EBV-miRNA-BART12 targeted the 3'-UTR of TPPP1 mRNA. Migration and invasion ability were measured by wound healing and transwell assay. And the mechanism was assessed by western blotting and immunofluorescence. Results : Our results showed that EBV-miRNA-BART12 was highly expressed and TPPP1 was lowly expressed in NPC and/or GC and tightly associated with these patients' prognosis. Additionally, EBV-miR-BART12 advanced the HDAC6 (Histone Deacetylase 6) activity in cells by inhibiting TPPP1, and stimulated acetylation of α-tubulin and β-catenin, thereby increasing the microtubule instability and activating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Conclusion : EBV-encoded BART12 promotes migration and invasion of EBV associated NPC and gastric cancer by inhibiting TPPP1 mRNA and promoting the microtubule instability and the cellular EMT process.
Associations between Physical Activity Motives and Trends in Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity Among Adolescents Over Five Years.
Authors: Nader Patrick Abi , Gaudet Jeffrey , Brunet Jennifer , Gunnell Katie E. , Doré Isabelle , Sabiston Catherine M. , Boudreau Jonathan , Bélanger Mathieu
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUNDMotives for participation in physical activity (PA) have been associated with moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA); however, these associations have yet to be established during the transition from childhood to adolescence. This study examined the longitudinal associations between five PA motives (i.e., enjoyment, competence, fitness, social, and appearance) and MVPA over a 5-year period spanning late childhood (9-11 years), early adolescence (12-14 years), and middle adolescence (15-16 years). METHODSSelf-report data (n = 937) were drawn from the ongoing Monitoring Activities for Teenagers to Comprehend their Habits study. The Motives for Physical Activity Measure-Revised (MPAM-R) questionnaire was used to measure PA motives. MVPA was assessed with an empirically supported 2-item measure developed specifically for adolescents. Data from three times points per school year over 5 years (resulting in 15 survey cycles) were analyzed using sex-stratified mixed effects regression models after establishing longitudinal measurement invariance for the MPAM-R.RESULTSMVPA increased from cycle 1 (9-11 years) to 7 (11-13 years) for girls and from cycle 1 (9-11 years) to 9 (12-14 years) for boys before decreasing for both sexes through to cycle 15 (14-16 years). Longitudinal measurement invariance was established for a 22-item version of the MPAM-R. For boys, enjoyment and competence motives were positively associated with MVPA from late childhood to middle adolescence and fitness motives were negatively associated with MVPA from late childhood to middle adolescence. For girls, enjoyment motives were positively associated with MVPA during late childhood and competence motives were positively associated with MVPA from late childhood to middle adolescence. CONCLUSIONSPA interventions should aim to increase enjoyment during PA and provide opportunities for children and adolescents to develop a desire to build competence during PA. PA interventions targeted to youth should avoid promoting the desire to be active to improve fitness, particularly among boys.
Complex evolution of porcine endogenous retroviruses
Authors: Chen Yicong , Chen Mingyue , Duan Xiaoyan , Cui Jie
Published: December 2019

Background: Porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) are proviruses that can replicate in human cells. However, the evolutionary process leading to the generation of modern PERVs is not well understood.Results: We mined 14 pig genomes and other available 304 mammalian genomes in silico, which led to the documentation of 185 full-length PERVs. Notably, we found two novel ERVs in the lesser Egyptian jerboa ( Jaculus jaculus ) and rock hyrax ( Procavia capensis ) named ERV-Gamma-Jja and ERV-Gamma-Pca, respectively, which were the source of the modern PERVs. Phylogenetic analyses provided evidence for the multiple origins of PERVs involving hosts of rodents, rock hyrax, and pigs. Conclusion: These new findings help us to understand the complex evolution of the modern PERVs.
Continuous Medical Education among resident physicians in Abha, Saudi Arabia: Current Practice and Existing Gaps
Authors: Almoalwi Najwa , Alsaleem Safar , Siddiqui. Aesha Farheen
Published: December 2019

Background: Continuing Medical Education (CME) is concerned with the maintenance, improvement, and promotion of the health care and exhausts the physicians’ working life-span. Although international research is extensive, only a dearth of studies exists in Saudi Arabia and the Middle East. This study aims to explore CME practices of resident physicians in Abha City and the existing gaps. Method: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based descriptive study conducted on residents training in various health-care facilities in Abha city. Results: Participants in the study were (n=300) doctors, of whom (n = 239, 79.7%) reported attending lectures and seminars for their CME needs followed by (n = 119, 39.7%) who attended case presentations. Electronic CMEs were used by a minority of (n = 24, 8%), and only (n = 82, 27.3%) attended journal clubs. Being busy was the main barrier against self-reading as per (n = 212, 70.7%) of participants, and by (n = 155, 51.7%) against lectures and seminars, and by (n = 124, 41.3%) against courses attendance. There was no significant association between gender, nationality, or training level and satisfaction with CME activities (p = 0.982, p = 0.924, and p = 0.5400 respectively). Satisfaction with CME activities varied considerably across specialties (p = 0.039), psychiatry trainees were far less satisfied than their restorative dentistry counterparts (p = 0.0046), as well as for General Surgery trainees (P = 0.0230), Ophthalmology trainees (p = 0.0301), pediatrics trainees (p = 0.0214), and Preventive Medicine trainees (p = 0.0283). Discussion: The participant physicians favored contact CME activities but not non-contact CME activities. In consistence with global research findings, being busy was the main barrier against CME goals attainment. Participants affirmed that CME activities improved their clinical practice, clinical skills and academic skills. Conclusion: Promotion of online learning in Saudi Arabia. Support of residents with protected time for their CME activities. Encouragement of trainees in to further advice about their preference in terms of CME forms to help boost their engagement
Synergistic In-Vitro Effects through Radiation and Blocking the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) with the Monoclonal Antibody Cetuximab in Prostate Carcinoma Cell Line DU145
Authors: Schneider Raik , Ochel Hans-Joachim , Neumann Karsten , Jandrig Burkhard , Hass Peter , Wahlke Matthias , Schostak Martin , Brunner Thomas , Christoph Frank , Gademann Guenther
Published: December 2019

Background: The EGF-receptor is often overexpressed in advanced prostate carcinoma. In-vitro studies in prostate carcinoma cell-line DU145 demonstrated increased sensibilities to radiation with Cetuximab; in-vivo effects were not detected. Methods: In vitro, we analyzed the effect of radiation and Cetuximab in cell-lines DU145 and A431 (reference), using a proliferation assay, colony-forming unit assay, and Annexin-V apoptosis assay. We analyzed changes in the protein expression of pEGFR and pERK1/2 post-radiation and Cetuximab. Additionally, we investigated the impact of Cetuximab long-term treatment on the development of secondary-resistance-mutations. Results: DU145 cell counts were reduced by 44% after 4Gy (p=0.006) and by 55% after 4Gy and Cetuximab (p<0.001). The surviving fraction was 0.69 after 2Gy; 0.41, 4Gy; and 0.15, 6Gy (p<0,001). The additional Cetuximab-treatment did not significantly alter the impact on growth reduction or on the surviving fraction. After radiation and Cetuximab-treatment minor effects on the apoptotic cell-fraction in DU145 were detected. Using western blot, there were no pEGFR and pERK1/2 protein signals after Cetuximab-treatment. While no mutations of RAS, BRAF, PI3KCA and no amplifications of HER2 were detected, there were a TP53 mutation before and after long-term treatment with Cetuximab. Conclusion: Radiation inhibits cell-proliferation and colony-growth and induces apoptosis in DU145. Despite blocking EGFR-MAP-Kinase pathway with Cetuximab, no significant radiation-sensitizing-effect was detected. Cetuximab-treatment did not cause typical resistance mutations in DU145. Further research must clarify whether a combination of anti-EGFR therapeutics and immune-oncological approaches can increase the radiation-sensitizing-effect.
Two novel gene-specific markers at pik locus facilitate the application of rice blast resistant alleles in breeding
Authors: Tian Dagang , Chen Ziqiang , Lin Yan , Chen Zaijie , Luo Jiami , Wang Mo , Chen Songbiao , Ji Pingsheng Ji , Yang Liming , Wang Zhonghua , Wang Feng
Published: December 2019

Background: Rice blast disease, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is a major constraint for rice production in the world. Introgression of blast-durable resistance genes into high-yielding rice cultivars has been considered an agricultural priority in an effort to control the disease. The blast resistance Pik locus, located on chromosome 11, contains at least six important resistance genes, but these genes have not been widely employed in resistance breeding since existing markers hardly satisfy current breeding needs owing to their limited scope of application.Results: In the present study, two PCR-based markers, Pikp-Del and Pi1-In, were developed to target the specific InDel (insertion/deletion) of the Pik-p and Pi-1 genes, respectively. The two markers precisely distinguished Pik-p, Pi-1, and the K-type alleles at the Pik locus, which is a necessary element for functional genes from rice varieties. Conclusions:Two gene-specific markers of Pi-kp and Pi1 identified that only several old varieties contain the two genes, nearly half these varieties yet carry the K-type alleles. Therefore, these identified varieties can be new gene sources for developing blast resistant rice. The two newly developed markers should be highly useful for using Pi-kp, Pi1 and other resistance genes at the Pik locus in marker-assisted selection (MAS) breeding programs.
Impact of risk assessment on the demand for dental services in Primary Health Care
Authors: Ramos Danielle Viana Ribeiro , Monteiro Camila Nascimento , Borchardt Danielle , Tribis Leonardo , Sanches Thais Paragis , Bonfim Daiana , Palacio Danielle da Costa , Sousa Maria da Luz Rosário , Mota Marília Jesus Batista de Brito
Published: December 2019

Background: The access to dental health services is a big problem in many parts of the world. The Primary Health Care proposes the organization of the access with equity and it can be done by stratification of risk and scale of vulnerabilities. The aim was to evaluate the impact of the implementation of risk classification tools to improve the access to dental health demand in Primary Health Care and to evaluate the effectiveness of implantation of the tool: risk classification and Coelho and Savassi’s scale for organization of dental health service demand in one Primary Health Service in São Paulo city.Method: This was a cross-sectional study in which medical records (n = 1215) were evaluated before and after the implementation of the tool. The outcomes were 'immediate care', 'first dental appointment' and 'treatment completed', the independent variables were risk classification, Coelho and Savassi’s scale, caries risk, periodontal disease, soft tissue, age and gender. Descriptive analyzes were performed comparing the variables of the study before and after the implantation of the tools (risk classification and ”Coelho and Savassi” scale). Logistic Regression models and chi-square tests were performed to analyze these associations.Results: The most prevalent age group was 20 to 59 years old, 62.2% before and 59.4% after implantation. The main complaint of dental demand was pain. Regarding the “Coelho and Savassi” scale”, 87.1% presented low social risk (R1), 8.5% medium risk (R2), 4.2% high risk (R3). The immediate care before implantation was 9.4% (n=56) and 39.9% (n=246) after implantation (p <0.001). The first dental appointment was 20.7% before implantation and 34.9% after the implantation (p <0.001). Regarding the treatment completed, there was an increase from 10% to 14.1% after the implantation of the tools (p = 0.001).Conclusions: The implementation of the tools ‘risk classification and ”Coelho and Savassi” scale’ had impact in organization of odontological demand, with indicated an increase in the number of visits on the same day, first dental appointments and completed treatments. These results reinforce the importance of use of the tools to organize oral health care access.
CPI INFLATION IN AFRICA: FRACTIONAL PERSISTENCE, MEAN REVERSION AND NONLINEARITY
Authors: Yaya O. S. , Akintande O. J. , Ogbonna A. E. , Adegoke H. M.
Published: December 2019

Price stability has been one of the key mandates that apex monetary authorities strive to achieve globally. While most developed economies have achieved single digit inflation rates, most developing economies, especially African countries still experience alarming double-digit inflation rates. This paper therefore examined the dynamics of inflation in sixteen African countries. We employed the fractional persistence framework with linear trend and non-linear specifications based on Chebyshev’s polynomial in time. The results indicated nonlinear time trend in inflation for most of the countries. With the exception of Burkina Faso, which exhibited plausibility of naturally reverting to its mean level, the majority of the selected African countries would require stronger interventions to revert their observed inflationary levels to their mean levels.
Türkiye’nin Afetlere Hazırlık Politikalarının Toplum Algısı Üzerinden Karşılaştırmalı Analizi: Van-Bitlis İlleri Örneği
Authors: UĞUR Ahmet , IŞIK Metin
Published: December 2019

Bu araştırmada, Türkiye’nin afetlere hazırlık politikalarının toplum algısı
üzerinden karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda, yakın
tarihte (2011) afetin yaşandığı Van ile yakın tarihte herhangi bir afetin
yaşanmadığı Bitlis ilinde bir alan araştırması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Böylelikle
afetlere hazırlık politikaları doğrultusunda yapılan uygulamalara yönelik
toplum algısının bu iki il arasında herhangi bir farklılık oluşturup
oluşturmadığı tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın ana kütlesini her iki
ildeki üniversite personeli, örneklemi ise bu iki üniversiteden araştırmaya
gönüllü katılım sağlayan personel oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında elde
edilen veriler, tanımlayıcı istatistiki analizlerin yanı sıra, faktör,
korelasyon, T testi ve ANOVA analizlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Yapılan analizler
sonucunda, genel olarak ülkemizdeki afetlere hazırlık politikalarının etkin bir
düzeyde olmadığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca, afetin yaşanma durumunun bireylerin afet
farkındalığı ve bilinç düzeyini etkilemediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma
sonuçlarının paydaşlara afete hazırlık konusunda durum tespiti yapma açısından
yardımcı olacağı düşünülmektedir. Bununla birlikte sonuçların politika
yapıcılara da yol gösterici bir nitelikte katkı sunması beklenmektedir.
Coping with Unbalanced Designs of Generalizability Theory: G String V
Authors: TAŞDELEN TEKER Gülşen
Published: December 2019

The aim of this paper is to introduce a software
that is appropriate for the generalizability theory for not only balanced but
also unbalanced data sets. Because it is possible to have unbalanced data sets
while conducting a study, the researchers have devised an easy solution, other
than deleting data, to balance the design to cope with this situation. Thus,
the software G String V will be introduced. First, the generalizability theory
will be reviewed, followed by a description of the unbalanced synthetic data
that was used to conduct the analysis using the software. Explanations are
provided for installing the software, preparation of the data, and the
step-by-step data analysis. Moreover, the interpretation of the data is also
explained. Finally, the limitations of the software are shared.
Effects of organomineral fertilizers formulated with biosolids and filter cake on common bean yield crop (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Silva Hellen Cristina da , Lima Luara Cristina de , Camargo Reginaldo de , Lana Regina Maria Quintão , Lemes Ernane Miranda , Cardoso Atalita Francis
Published: December 2019

The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of different sources of residues in the composition of organomineral fertilizers on common bean yield. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the Federal University of Uberlândia. A randomized complete block design was used in the 2 x 4 + 2 factorial scheme corresponding to two organic sources (biosolids and filter cake) and four doses of pelletized organomineral fertilizer (50, 75, 100 and 125% of the recommendation for common bean, plus two additional treatments without fertilization and fertilization with mineral fertilizer). The plant height and stem diameter were evaluated at 30 days after sowing (DAS), and an average number of pods plant-1 and grains pod-1, yield (g plant-1), dry mass (g), and mass of 1000 grains (g) at 84 DAS. The organomineral fertilizer based on biosolids fertilizer provides the largest growth with the use of 100% of the recommended dose, the largest volume of dry mass up to 75% and the highest yield at 50%. The organomineral fertilizer based on filter cake increased dry mass volume. The organomineral fertilizers evaluated have the potential to substitute exclusively mineral fertilization in the common bean crop.
İDARİ YARGILAMA HUKUKUNDA DAVA AÇMANIN SONUÇLARI
Authors: KAPLAN Gürsel
Published: December 2019

Medeni yargılama hukukunda olduğu gibi idari yargılama hukukunda da dava açmanın hem maddi hukuk hem de yargılama (usul) hukuku bakımından birtakım sonuçları vardır. Dava açılmasına bağlanan sonuçlar konusunda medeni yargılama hukuku ile idare yargılama hukukunda büyük ölçüde benzerlikler bulunsa da önemli birtakım farklılıklar da bulunmaktadır. Örneğin Türk Borçlar Kanununun 154/2 maddesi, zaman aşımı süresini kesen sebepler arasında dava açılmış olmasını da saymaktadır. Bu kuralın idari yargılama hukukunda da uygulanıp uygulanmayacağı tartışılabilir. Kanaatimizce bu kuralın idari yargıda uygulanma kabiliyeti yoktur. Çünkü idari yargıda dava açma süreleri maddi hukukla değil yargılama hukukuyla ilgilidirler. Ayrıca idari dava açma sürelerinin hak düşürücü nitelikte olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Aynı şekilde dava açılmasına temerrüt sonucunun bağlanıp bağlanmayacağı da tartışılabilir. Çünkü idarenin hukuki sorumluluğu esas olarak akdi olmayan sebeplerden yani idari işlem ve eylemlerden kaynaklanmaktadır. Türk Borçlar Kanunu, sözleşme dışı ilişkilerden doğan borçlarda borçlunun temerrüdü için herhangi bir koşul aramamıştır. Nitekim Kanunun 117’nci maddesine göre, “haksız fiilde fiilin işlendiği, sebepsiz zenginleşmede ise zenginleşmenin gerçekleştiği tarihte borçlu temerrüde düşmüş olur”. Borçlar Kanununun bu hükümlerinden hareket edilecek olursa tam yargı davalarında da idarenin temerrüde düşmesi için ihtar gerekmez ve dava açılmasına böyle bir sonuç bağlanamaz. Keza medeni yargılama hukukunda dava açılmasına bağlanan sonuçlardan biri olan “davayı geri alma yasağı” kuralının idari davalarda uygulanmasının mümkün ve gerekli olup olmadığı meselesi de tartışılabilir.