bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of polyolefin compositions through near infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Padilha Liana Franco , Ferreira Cristine Carretoni , Machado Fabricio , Nele Márcio , Pinto José Carlos
Published: December 2013

In this work, NIRS is employed to provide compositions of α‐olefin copolymers, allowing for evaluation of the effects of certain key process variables on the final NIR spectral responses of obtained polymer materials. This work also introduces a new temperature programmed analytical technique, which combines NIRS measurements with partial fractionation of α‐olefin copolymers. The new proposed technique can be used for evaluation of polyolefin compositions, as presented here for poly(propene/1‐butene) copolymers. Besides, preliminary results obtained from thermal fractionation experiments indicate that this new proposed experimental technique can be employed for characterization of comonomer sequence distributions of α‐olefin copolymers. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40127.
Metal‐ion‐containing ionic liquid hydrogels and their application to hydrogen production
Authors: Sahiner Nurettin , Alpaslan Duygu
Published: December 2013

A cationic hydrogel synthesized from (3‐acrylamidopropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride as poly[(3‐acrylamidopropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride] [p(APTMACl)] was put into contact with the chloride salts of metals such as CoCl2, NiCl2, and CuCl2 in ethanol. The metal‐loaded p(APTMACl) hydrogels were used as catalyst systems in hydrogen generation from the hydrolysis of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and ammonia borane. The activation energy values for the hydrolysis reaction were calculated for all of the catalyst systems and were found to be 53.43 and 26.74 kJ/mol for p(APTMACl)–[CoCl4]2− and p(APTMACl)–[NiCl4]2−, respectively. These activation parameters were better than values reported in the literature for the ionic liquid metal complexes of smaller molecules used for the same purpose. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40183.
Flame retardant and mechanical properties of epoxy composites containing APP−PSt core−shell microspheres
Authors: Zhao ChunXia , Li YunTao , Xing YunLiang , He Da , Yue Jie
Published: December 2013

Ammonium polyphosphate (APP)–polystyrene (PSt) core–shell microspheres (CSPs) were synthesized via in situ radical polymerization. The core–shell structure was confirmed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results of optical contact angle measurements demonstrated a significant improvement in hydrophobicity of the modified APP. The obtained APP–PSt CSPs were added into epoxy (EP) system with various loadings. Effects of CSP on flame retardancy, thermal properties, heat release rate (HRR), smoke production, and mechanical properties of EP/CSP composites were investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL‐94 tests, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), cone calorimeter, and tensile test. LOI and UL‐94 indicated that CSP remarkably improved the flame retardancy of EP composites. TGA showed that the initial decomposition temperature and the maximum‐rate decomposition temperature decreased, whereas residue yields at high temperature increased with the incorporation of microspheres. Cone calorimetry gave evidence that HRR, peak release rate, average HRR, and smoke production rate of EP/CSP composites decreased significantly. The morphology of char residues suggested that CSP could effectively promote EP to form high‐quality char layer with compact outer surface and swollen inner structure. Tensile strength of EP was enhanced with the addition of CSP. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40218.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Antioxidant and Bleomycin‐Dependent DNA Damage Evaluation of Curcumin Analogs
Authors: Helal Mohamed H. M. , Ahmed Nadia S. , Elwessaly Mohamed S. , Ammar Yossry A.
Published: December 2013

In an attempt to find a new class of antioxidant agents, a series of pyrazole, pyridopyrazoltriazine, pyrazolotriazine, isoxazole, and pyridine‐containing products were prepared, starting with curcumin and appropriate chemical reagents. Thus, curcumin 1 undergoes coupling reaction with diazonium salts 2–5 to afford the corresponding 4‐arylazo derivatives 6–9. Heating of 6 and/or 7 in acetic acid furnished the corresponding pyrazolotriazines 10 and 11. Also, pyrazole and isoxazole derivatives were obtained upon treatment of 10 with hydrazines or hydroxylamine hydrochloride. Furthermore, multicomponent reaction of 10 with malononitrile/CH3COONH4 or phenacylpyridinium iodide/CH3COONH4 produced the corresponding bispyridines 16 and 17, respectively. Furthermore, condensation of 10 with guanidine nitrate or thiourea gave the corresponding pyrimidines 18 and 19, respectively. Finally, other curcumin derivatives were obtained on condensation of 1 with isatins and pyrazole‐4‐aldehyde. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated as antioxidant agents. The results showed clearly that most of the compounds exhibited good activities, except for compounds 9 and 12. Compounds 1, 3, 15, and 23 exhibited high protection against DNA damage induced by the bleomycine–iron complex.
Synthesis of Some Heterofunctionalized Penicillanic Acid Derivatives and Investigation of Their Biological Activities
Authors: Demirci Serpil , Demirbas Ahmet , Ulker Serdar , Alpay‐Karaoglu Sengul , Demirbas Neslihan
Published: December 2013

6‐Substituted amino‐penicillanic acid esters were synthesized starting with 6‐apa. The compounds containing a 1,3‐thiazole‐ or 1,3‐thiazolidinone nucleus linked to the penicillanic acid skeleton via a hydrazino linkage were obtained from 6‐apa. The treatment of carbonylamino and carbonothioylamino compounds with 4‐chlorophenacyl bromide or ethyl bromoacetate gave 6‐bis{4‐[1,3‐thiazol(idinone)amino]benzoyl}amino derivatives of 6‐apa. Benzyl derivatives were synthesized in several steps, starting with 4‐aminobenzoyl chloride. The treatment of 4‐{[3‐benzyl‐4‐oxo‐1,3‐thia(oxa)zolidin‐2‐ylidene]amino}benzoyl chlorides with 6‐apa in ethanolic solution produced the 6‐[bis(4‐{[3‐benzyl‐4‐oxo‐1,3‐thiazolidin‐2‐ylidene]amino}benzoyl)amino] derivative of penicillanic acid, while the reaction of the same intermediates in DMF gave the mono‐substituted amino derivative of 6‐apa. The synthesized compounds were screened for their biological activities, and some of them were found to possess good to moderate antimicrobial activity. Moreover, some of the compounds displayed antiurease, anti‐β‐lactamase, and/or antilipase activities.
Two Organic–Inorganic Hybrid 3D {P5W30}‐Based Heteropolyoxotungstates with Transition‐Metal/Ln–Carboxylate–Ln Connectors
Authors: Li Yan‐Ying , Zhao Jun‐Wei , Wei Qi , Yang Bai‐Feng , He Huan , Yang Guo‐Yu
Published: December 2013

Two unique organic–inorganic hybrid polyoxometalates constructed from Preyssler‐type [Na(H2O)P5W30O110]14− ({P5W30}) subunits and TM/Ln–carboxylate–Ln connectors (TM=transition metal, Ln=lanthanide), KNa7[{Sm6Mn(μ‐H2O)2(OCH2COO)7(H2O)18}{Na(H2O)P5W30O110}]⋅22 H2O (1) and K4[{Sm4Cu2(gly)2(ox)(H2O)24}{NaP5W30O110}]Cl2⋅25 H2O (2; gly=glycine, ox=oxalate) have been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectra, UV/Vis‐NIR spectra, thermogravimetric analyses, power X‐ray diffraction, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Compound 1 displays one interesting 3D framework built by three types of subunits, {P5W30}, [Sm2Mn(μ‐H2O)2(OCH2COO)2(H2O)5]4+, and [Sm4(OCH2COO)5 (H2O)13]2+, whereas 2 also manifests the other intriguing 3D architecture created by three types of subunits, {P5W30}, [SmCu(gly)(H2O)8]4+, and [Sm2(ox)(H2O)8]4+. To our knowledge, 1 and 2 are the first 3D frameworks that contain {P5W30} units and TM/Ln–carboxylate–Ln connectors. The fluorescent properties of 1 and 2 have been investigated.
Stochastic Optimal Design for Unknown Linear Discrete‐Time System Zero‐Sum Games in Input‐Output form Under Communication Constraints
Authors: Xu Hao , Jagannathan S. , Lewis F.L.
Published: December 2013

In this paper, stochastic optimal strategy for unknown linear discrete‐time system quadratic zero‐sum games in input‐output form with communication imperfections such as network‐induced delays and packet losses, otherwise referred to as networked control system (NCS) zero‐sum games, relating to theH∞optimal control problem is solved in a forward‐in‐time manner. First, the linear discrete‐time zero sum state space representation is transformed into a linearNCSin the state space form after incorporating random delays and packet losses and then into the input‐output form. Subsequently, the stochastic optimal approach, referred to as adaptive dynamic programming (ADP), is introduced which estimates the cost or value function to solve the infinite horizon optimal regulation of unknown linearNCSquadratic zero‐sum games in the presence of communication imperfections. The optimal control and worst case disturbance inputs are derived based on the estimated value function in the absence of state measurements. An update law for tuning the unknown parameters of the value function estimator is derived andLyapunov theory is used to show that all signals are asymptotically stable (AS) and that the estimated control and disturbance signals converge to optimal control and worst case disturbances, respectively. Simulation results are included to verify the theoretical claims.
Vom Halm zum Tragwerk
Authors: Sieder Mike , Rein Alfred , Seise Nick
Published: December 2013

Das deutsch‐chinesische Haus, welches das Goethe‐Institut auf der EXPO 2010 in Shanghai unter dem Motto “Deutschland und China – Gemeinsam in Bewegung” repräsentierte, sollte nicht nur Ausstellungsfläche bieten und das Themenspiel “Nachhaltige Urbanisation” beherbergen, sondern auch für Konferenzen eingerichtet und zudem variabel bespielbar sein. Um diese Anforderungen mit der zugewiesenen Grundfläche auf dem EXPO‐Gelände übereinzubringen, schuf der Künstler Markus Heinsdorff, dem die künstlerische und gestalterische Gesamtplanung oblag und der bereits in der Vergangenheit mit verschiedenen Bambusprojekten auf sich aufmerksam machte, erstmals ein zweigeschossiges Gebäude aus Bambus – einen Pavillon mit einem innen frei begehbaren Obergeschoss.

Das Design des Pavillons beinhaltet Stilelemente und Hightech aus beiden Kulturen. Dach, Fassaden und Innenraumstützen sind wie Bambusfächer oder Schirme analog zu Papierfalttechniken entworfen. Das Obergeschoss in 4 m Höhe ist über eine Stahltreppe mit geflochtener Tragsäule erreichbar. Hier befindet sich ein 80 m2 großer Lounge‐Konferenzraum. Die Einrichtung besteht aus eigens entworfenen Bambusmöbeln. An beiden Enden des Baukörpers ergibt sich ein Freiraum mit einer Deckenhöhe von acht Metern.

From stalk to structure – Bamboo pavilion EXPO Shanghai 2010 – A German‐Chinese cooperation

The pavilion “German‐Chinese House”, that represented the Goethe‐Institute on the EXPO 2010 in Shanghai, should provide an exhibition area for the theme of sustainable urbanization and an area for conferences on one side but also a flexible use on the other side. In order to perform this requirements with the assigned building area on the EXPO, the designer Markus Heinsdorff, which has created several Bamboo projects before, designed a two‐storey pavilion with a fully walk‐through top floor. The design of the pavilion contains stylistic elements and high‐tech from both cultures. The roof, the façade and the columns are designed like Bamboo fans or umbrellas similar to the art of paper folding. The top floor in a level of 4 m can be getatable by a steely staircase with a woven column. A conference‐lounge of 80 m2 meter is situated there. The integrated furnishing is made of Bamboo too.
Leichtbau – eine Forderung unserer Zeit
Authors: Schlaich Jörg
Published: December 2013

Meilensteine der Bautechnikgeschichte:

Historischer Aufsatz von Fritz Leonhardt: Leichtbau – eine Forderung unserer Zeit. Anregungen für den Hoch‐ und Brückenbau

mit einem Kommentar von J. Schlaich
Ein praxisgerechtes Messverfahren zur Bestimmung der Fasermenge und ‐orientierung im Stahlfaserbeton
Authors: Wichmann Hans‐Joachim , Holst Alexander , Budelmann Harald
Published: December 2013

Stahlfaserbeton (SFB) findet im Bauwesen, u.a. bei Industriefußböden und im Industrie‐, Tunnel‐ und Wohnungsbau, eine vielfältige und zunehmende Anwendung. Die Eigenschaften und Leistungsfähigkeit von Stahlfaserbeton werden vornehmlich durch die Menge, Verteilung und Orientierung der Fasern im Betongefüge bestimmt. Für eine effektive Erfassung und Beurteilung dieser Parameter im Frisch‐ und Festbeton ist ein schnelles, einfaches und praxisgeeignetes zerstörungsfreies Messverfahren erforderlich. Hierzu wurde vom iBMB/MPA der TU Braunschweig in Zusammenarbeit mit der Firma Hertz Systemtechnik GmbH Delmenhorst das Stahlfasermessgerät “BSM100” entwickelt. Grundlage ist ein Induktionsmessverfahren, bei dem eine würfel‐ oder zylinderförmige Betonprobe in einem spulenförmigen Sensor von einem magnetischen Wechselfeld durchsetzt wird. Über die gemessene Induktionsspannung können der mittlere Fasergehalt und die dreidimensionale Faserorientierung der Frisch‐ oder Festbetonprobe bestimmt werden.

Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird zunächst der Stand der Technik zur Bestimmung des Gehalts und der Orientierung von Stahlfasern im Beton dargelegt. Anschließend werden das Messgerät “BSM100” mit Funktionsweise, aktuellen Forschungsergebnissen und bisherigen Erkenntnissen vorgestellt sowie einige Praxisanwendungsbeispiele gezeigt.

A practice‐conform measurement method for determination of fiber dosage and orientation in steel fiber reinforced concrete

Steel fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) is versatilely and increasingly used in civil engineering, e. g. for industrial floorings and in industrial, tunnel and housing building segments. The characteristics and performance of steel fiber reinforced concrete is primarily determined by dosage, distribution and orientation of fibers in the concrete texture. For an effective determination and assessment of these parameters in fresh and hardened concrete a fast, simple and practicable non‐destructive measurement technique is required. For this purpose the steel fiber measuring device “BSM100” at the iBMB/MPA of the TU Braunschweig in collaboration with the company Hertz Systemtechnik GmbH Delmenhorst had been developed. This is based upon an induction measurement system, where a cubic or cylindrical concrete sample in a coiled sensor is exposed to an alternating magnetic field. By registering the measured induction voltage the average values of dosage and three dimensional distribution of steel fibers in a fresh or hardened concrete sample can be investigated reliably and precisely.

In this contribution firstly the state of the art technology for the measurement of steel fiber dosage and orientation in concrete will be presented. Then the measurement device “BSM100” with its functional principle, actual research results and previous findings will be presented and several examples of practical use will be shown.
“Ehrlich färbt am längsten”. Sichtbarmachung bei Paul Ehrlich
Authors: Hüntelmann Axel C.
Published: December 2013

“Staining is the Best Policy”. Visualization in the work of Paul Ehrlich. For nearly all of his life, the biomedical scientist Paul Ehrlich dedicated himself to work on dyes and staining at the interface between so‐called color‐chemistry and histopathology. The article begins by sketching out the field of histopathology at the junction of pathological anatomy, microtechniques, and the development of chemical dyes in the early 1870s when Ehrlich began his training as a medical student. The article explores Ehrlich's work staining first tissue and blood, and then pathogens and vital staining in the 1880s. In the late 1880s and 1890s, Ehrlich experimented with dyes as therapeutic agents. Staining made the invisible visible, revealing cell structures, pathogens, or vital physiological processes within the cell itself. The article shows how visualization became an essential – albeit laborious and painstaking – element in the epistemic process of Ehrlich's work. The production of histological specimens required special skills acquired through extensive practice, especially in the techniques of visualization, manipulation, observation, and tacit understanding. These practices were needed because it was increasingly necessary to produce objective results once the various techniques of visualization came to be assessed within a discourse on objectivity. Visualization itself became an epistemic object and was ultimately “more important than the subject matter itself”.
Evaluating space‐time models for short‐term cancer mortality risk predictions in small areas
Authors: Etxeberria Jaione , Goicoa Tomás , Ugarte Maria D. , Militino Ana F.
Published: December 2013

Current cancer mortality data are available with a delay of roughly three years due to the administrative procedure necessary to create the registries. Therefore, health agencies rely on forecast cancer deaths. In this context, statistical procedures providing mortality/incidence risk predictions for different regions or health areas are very useful. These predictions are essential for defining priorities for cancer prevention and treatment. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the predictive performance of alternative spatio‐temporal models for short‐term cancer risk/counts prediction in small areas. All the models analyzed here are presented under a general‐mixed model framework, providing a unified structure of presentation and facilitating the use of similar tools for computing the prediction mean squared error. Prostate cancer mortality data are used to illustrate the behavior of the different models in Spanish provinces.
Predictors of outcome in palliative colonic stent placement for malignant obstruction
Authors: Abbott S , Eglinton T W , Ma Y , Stevenson C , Robertson G M , Frizelle F A
Published: December 2013

Background

Emergency surgery for large bowel obstruction carries significant morbidity and mortality. After initially promising results, concerns have been raised over complication rates for self-expandable metal stents (SEMS) in both the palliative and bridge-to-surgery settings. This article documents the technique used at the authors' institution, and reports on success and complication rates, as well as identifying predictors of endoscopic reintervention or surgical treatment.

Methods

Data were collected for a prospective cohort of consecutive patients undergoing attempted colonoscopic SEMS insertion at a single institution between 1998 and 2013. Multivariable logistic models were fitted to assess possible predictors of endoscopic reintervention and surgical treatment.

Results

Palliative SEMS insertion was attempted in 146 patients. Primary colorectal cancer was the most common cause of obstruction (95·2 per cent). The majority of patients (77·4 per cent) were treated in an acute setting, with a high technical success rate of 97·3 per cent. The perforation rate was 4·8 per cent and the 30-day procedural mortality rate 2·7 per cent. No predictors of early complications were identified, although patients with metastases and those who received chemotherapy were more likely to have late complications. Some 30·8 per cent of patients required at least one further intervention, with 11·0 per cent of the cohort requiring a stoma. Endoscopic reintervention was largely successful.

Conclusion

SEMS offer a valid alternative to operative intervention in the palliative management of malignant large bowel obstruction. Patients receiving chemotherapy are more likely to receive endoscopic reintervention, which is largely successful.
Superficial radial nerve–lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve anatomic variation
Authors: Davidovich Eduardo R. , Nascimento Osvaldo J. M.
Published: December 2013

Introduction

This study focuses on an anatomic variation in which the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (LACN) innervates the radial border of the dorsum of the hand and thumb in addition to, or replacing, the superficial radial nerve (RSN). Here, we propose a technique of nerve conduction that identifies this variation.

Methods

We studied nerve conduction in 200 upper limbs of two series of 50 volunteers. We sought evidence of the aforementioned variation on the dorsum of the hand and in the thumb.

Results

We found eight occurrences of this variation on the dorsum of the hand and 11 variants on the thumb within the two respective series of 100 upper limbs studied.

Discussion

The RSN–LACN anatomic variation can be studied using nerve conduction. The knowledge of this variation is particularly important for the evaluation of proximal radial nerve injury.
Suppression of choriocarcinoma invasion and metastasis following blockade of BDNF/TrkB signaling
Authors: Kawamura Kazuhiro , Kawamura Nanami , Okamoto Naoki , Manabe Motomu
Published: December 2013

Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) acts through its cognate receptor tyrosine kinase‐B (TrkB) to regulate diverse physiological functions in reproductive and other tissues. In normal and malignant trophoblastic cells, the BDNF/TrkB signaling promotes cell growth. Due to the highly malignant nature of choriocarcinoma, we investigated possible involvement of this system in choriocarcinoma cell invasion and metastasis. We demonstrated that treatment of cultured choriocarcinoma cells, known to express both BDNF and TrkB, with a soluble TrkB ectodomain or a Trk receptor inhibitor K252a suppressed cell invasion accompanied with decreased expression of matrix metalloproteinase‐2, a cell invasion marker. In vivo studies using a tumor xenograft model in athymic nude mice further showed inhibition of cell invasion from tumors to surrounding tissues following the suppression of endogenous TrkB signaling. For an in vivo model of choriocarcinoma metastasis, we performed intravenous injections of JAR cells expressing firefly luciferase into severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. Treatment with K252a inhibited metastasis of tumors to distant organs. In vivo K252a treatment also suppressed metastatic tumor growth as reflected by decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis and caspases‐3/7 activities, together with reduced tissue levels of a tumor marker, human chorionic gonadotropin‐β. In vivo suppression of TrkB signaling also led to decreased expression of angiogenic markers in metastatic tumor, including cluster of differentiation 31 and vascular endothelial growth factor A. Our findings suggested essential autocrine/paracrine roles of the BDNF/TrkB signaling system in choriocarcinoma invasion and metastasis. Inhibition of this signaling could serve as the basis to develop a novel therapy for patients with choriocarcinoma.
Fast, automatic character animation pipelines
Authors: Feng Andrew , Huang Yazhou , Xu Yuyu , Shapiro Ari
Published: December 2013

Humanoid three‐dimensional (3D) models can be easily acquired through various sources, including through online marketplaces. The use of such models within a game or simulation environment requires human input and intervention in order to associate such a model with a relevant set of motions and control mechanisms. In this paper, we demonstrate a pipeline where humanoid 3D models can be incorporated within seconds into an animation system and infused with a wide range of capabilities, such as locomotion, object manipulation, gazing, speech synthesis and lip syncing. We offer a set of heuristics that can associate arbitrary joint names with canonical ones and describe a fast retargeting algorithm that enables us to instill a set of behaviors onto an arbitrary humanoid skeleton on‐the‐fly. We believe that such a system will vastly increase the use of 3D interactive characters due to the ease that new models can be animated.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
AstPT Catalyses both Reverse N1‐ and Regular C2 Prenylation of a Methylated Bisindolyl Benzoquinone
Authors: Tarcz Sylwia , Ludwig Lena , Li Shu‐Ming
Published: December 2013

Prenylated bisindolyl benzoquinones exhibit interesting biological activities, such as antidiabetic or anti‐HIV activities. A number of these compounds, including asterriquinones, have been isolated from Aspergillus terreus. In this study, we identified two putative genes by genome mining, ATEG_09980 and ATEG_00702, which share high sequence similarity with the known bisindolyl benzoquinone prenyltransferase TdiB from Aspergillus nidulans. The coding sequences were cloned and overexpressed in E. coli. The overproduced recombinant proteins were purified to near homogeneity and used for enzyme assays with asterriquinone D in the presence of dimethylallyl diphosphate. HPLC analysis showed that product formation was only detected in enzyme assays with EAU29429 encoded by ATEG_09980, not in those with EAU39348 encoded by ATEG_00702. Product isolation and structure elucidation by NMR and MS analyses led to identification of N1‐reversely and C2‐regularly monoprenylated derivatives, as well as N1′,N1′′reversely, N1′‐reversely, C2′′‐regularly diprenylated derivatives. This proved that EAU29429 functions as an asterriquinone prenyltransferase (AstPT) and indicated the involvement of EAU29429 rather than EAU39348 in the biosynthesis of methylated asterriquinones. Furthermore, incubation of monoprenylated enzyme products with AstPT resulted in the formation of the diprenylated derivatives.
Identification of the First Diphenyl Ether Gene Cluster for Pestheic Acid Biosynthesis in Plant Endophyte Pestalotiopsis fici
Authors: Xu Xinxin , Liu Ling , Zhang Fan , Wang Wenzhao , Li Jinyang , Guo Liangdong , Che Yongsheng , Liu Gang
Published: December 2013

The diphenyl ether pestheic acid was isolated from the endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis fici, which is proposed to be the biosynthetic precursor of the unique chloropupukeananes. The pestheic acid biosynthetic gene (pta) cluster was identified in the fungus through genome scanning. Sequence analysis revealed that this gene cluster encodes a nonreducing polyketide synthase, a number of modification enzymes, and three regulators. Gene disruption and intermediate analysis demonstrated that the biosynthesis proceeded through formation of the polyketide backbone, cyclization of a polyketo acid to a benzophenone, chlorination, and formation of the diphenyl ether skeleton through oxidation and hydrolyzation. A dihydrogeodin oxidase gene, ptaE, was essential for diphenyl ether formation, and ptaM encoded a flavin‐dependent halogenase catalyzing chlorination in the biosynthesis. Identification of the pta cluster laid the foundation to decipher the genetic and biochemical mechanisms involved in the pathway.
Synthesis of Hierarchical Mesoporous Mn–MFI Zeolite Nanoparticles: A Unique Architecture of Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Aerobic Oxidation of Thiols to Disulfides
Authors: Patra Astam K. , Dutta Arghya , Pramanik Malay , Nandi Mahasweta , Uyama Hiroshi , Bhaumik Asim
Published: December 2013

An efficient procedure for aerobic oxidation of thiols to disulfides catalyzed by new self‐assembled hierarchical mesoporous Mn–MFI in the presence of air under solvent‐free conditions as well as in aqueous medium is reported. The mesoporosity and Mn4+ loading, together with a highly crystalline microporous pore wall structure of the MFI framework were achieved through a newly designed hydrothermal process. This hydrothermal approach leads to hierarchical self‐assembled mesoporous zeolite structures through isomorphous substitution of Si by Mn and Al. It is shown that Mn‐containing mesoporous zeolites are capable to form disulfide bonds from thiols in the presence of air. The zeolitic materials were characterized by XRD, field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, high‐resolution TEM, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, 29Si NMR, 27Al NMR, and EPR spectroscopy, as well as AAS analysis and N2 sorption studies. N2 sorption analysis revealed high surface areas and narrow pore size distributions (1.2–6.0 nm) for different samples. The mesoporous Mn–ZSM‐5 acted as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst with maximum catalytic activity in the benzenethiol conversion to diphenyldithiol.
A Unified Approach to the Daucane and Sphenolobane Bicyclo[5.3.0]decane Core: Enantioselective Total Syntheses of Daucene, Daucenal, Epoxydaucenal B, and 14‐para‐Anisoyloxydauc‐4,8‐diene
Authors: Bennett Nathan B. , Stoltz Brian M.
Published: December 2013

Access to the bicyclo[5.3.0]decane core found in the daucane and sphenolobane terpenoids via a key enone intermediate enables the enantioselective total syntheses of daucene, daucenal, epoxydaucenal B, and 14‐para‐anisoyloxydauc‐4,8‐diene. Central aspects include a catalytic asymmetric alkylation followed by a ring contraction and ring‐closing metathesis to generate the five‐ and seven‐membered rings, respectively.
Oxime Ligation: A Chemoselective Click‐Type Reaction for Accessing Multifunctional Biomolecular Constructs
Authors: Ulrich Sébastien , Boturyn Didier , Marra Alberto , Renaudet Olivier , Dumy Pascal
Published: December 2013

There is a growing need for biocompatible click reactions in order to prepare multifunctional conjugates, which are valuable molecules for innovative biomedical applications. In this context, we review the recent advances in the implementation of oxime ligation for the synthesis of multivalent or multicomponent systems. The value of these products is emphasized by their use in cell targeting, imaging, synthetic vaccines, and surface modifications.
On the Mechanism of the Organocatalytic Asymmetric Epoxidation of α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes
Authors: Davis Rebecca L. , Jensen Kim L. , Gschwend Björn , Jørgensen Karl Anker
Published: December 2013

Mechanistic studies on the organocatalytic epoxidation of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes explore the autoinductive behavior of the reaction and establish that the hydrate/peroxyhydrate of the product is acting as a phase‐transfer catalyst. Based on these studies, an improved methodology that provides high selectivities and decreased catalyst loading, through the addition of chloral hydrate, is developed.
Direct Aldol Strategy in Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Thuggacin B
Authors: Matsuzawa Akinobu , Opie Christopher R. , Kumagai Naoya , Shibasaki Masakatsu
Published: December 2013

An enantioselective total synthesis of thuggacin B, a natural product exhibiting antibiotic activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is described. Asymmetric direct aldol reactions promoted by Cu and Zn catalysts play a pivotal role in constructing four stereogenic centers. The use of direct aldol reactions as the initial steps for the synthesis of two key fragments allowed the construction of the other stereogenic centers through chirality transfer.
ChemInform Abstract: Unprecedented Electron‐Poor Octahedral Ta6 Clusters in a Solid‐State Compound: Synthesis, Characterizations and Theoretical Investigations of Cs2BaTa6Br15O3.
Authors: Demont Antoine , Prestipino Carmelo , Hernandez Olivier , Elkaim Erik , Paofai Serge , Naumov Nikolai , Fontaine Bruno , Gautier Regis , Cordier Stephane
Published: December 2013

Cs2BaTa6Br15O3 and Cs2LaTa6Br15O3 are obtained from stoichiometric mixtures of Ta, Ta2O5, TaBr5, CsCl, and BaBr2 or La2O3 (sealed silica container, 650—690 °C, 3 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Enhanced Thermoelectric Properties of Pb‐Doped BiCuSeO Ceramics.
Authors: Lan Jin‐Le , Liu Yao‐Chun , Zhan Bin , Lin Yuan‐Hua , Zhang Boping , Yuan Xun , Zhang Wenqing , Xu Wei , Nan C.‐W.
Published: December 2013

Bi1‐xPbxCuSeO (x = 0—0.08) samples are prepared by solid state reaction of Bi2O3, PbO, Cu, Bi, and Se (573 K for 6 h and 973 K for 10 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Dielectric Properties of Unfilled Tungsten Bronze Ferroelectrics Ba4RETiNb9O30.
Authors: Hu Changzheng , Hou Lianjie , Fang Liang , Liu Laijun
Published: December 2013

Novel Ba4LnTiNb9O30 compounds with Ln: La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, and Gd are prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of CaCO3, Ln2O3, TiO2, and Nb2O5 (1300 °C, 8 h, followed by sintering at 1290—1380 °C for 8 h).
ChemInform Abstract: LiMn2O4 Rods as Cathode Materials with High Rate Capability and Good Cycling Performance in Aqueous Electrolyte.
Authors: Li Zhihua , Wang Liqiu , Li Keyan , Xue Dongfeng
Published: December 2013

LiMn2O4 rods are prepared by hydrothermal preparation of β‐MnO2 precursor rods from MnSO4 and NaClO3 (autoclave, 150 °C, 10 h) followed by lithiation in ethanolic LiOH solution and calcination in air (700 °C, 8 h for sample A, or 900 °C, 3 h, sample B).
ChemInform Abstract: Investigation of the LiCo1‐xMgxPO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) System.
Authors: Dimesso Lucangelo , Spanheimer Christina , Jaegermann Wolfram
Published: December 2013

The title compounds are prepared by a sol—gel method from aqueous solutions of LiOAc, Co(OAc)2, Mg(OAc)2, citric acid, and phosphoric acid followed by annealing at 300 °C for 5 min in flowing air, and at 730 °C for 12 h in flowing nitrogen.
ChemInform Abstract: A Bi2WO6‐Based Hybrid Photocatalyst with Broad Spectrum Photocatalytic Properties under UV, Visible, and Near‐Infrared Irradiation.
Authors: Tian Jian , Sang Yuanhua , Yu Guangwei , Jiang Huaidong , Mu Xiaoning , Liu Hong
Published: December 2013

Bi2WO6/TiO2 nanobelt heterostructures are hydrothermally synthesized from mixtures of Bi(NO3)3, Na2WO4, and TiO2 nanobelts in ethylene glycol or nitric acid (autoclave, 160 °C, 15 h).
ChemInform Abstract: α‐ScVSe2O8, β‐ScVSe2O8, ScVTe2O8: New Quaternary Mixed Metal Oxides Composed of Only Second‐Order Jahn—Teller Distortive Cations.
Authors: Kim Yeong Hun , Lee Dong Woo , Ok Kang Min
Published: December 2013

The crystal structures of (IV), (V), and (VII) are determined by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemical and Structural Properties of 2‐Aminobenzylamine Derivatives.
Authors: El‐Shaieb Kamal M. , Jones Peter G.
Published: December 2013

2‐Aminobenzylamine (I) is used as starting material for a variety of heterocyclic skeletons.
ChemInform Abstract: Visible Light‐Mediated Oxidative Decarboxylation of Arylacetic Acids into Benzyl Radicals. Addition to Electron‐Deficient Alkenes by Using Photoredox Catalysts.
Authors: Miyake Yoshihiro , Nakajima Kazunari , Nishibayashi Yoshiaki
Published: December 2013

The reaction system is applicable for addition of a variety of benzyl radicals bearing an amino group in para‐position in the benzene ring to electron‐deficient alkenes (II) and (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Ambivalent Reactivity Modes of β‐Chlorovinyl Ketones: Electrophilic Lithium [3]Cumulenolates from Soft Vinyl Enolization Strategy.
Authors: Kim Hun Young , Rooney Edward Oscar , Meury Raymond Phillip , Oh Kyungsoo
Published: December 2013

Treatment of β‐chlorovinyl ketones with NEt3 and LiClO4 or LiBr results in formation of electrophilic lithium cumulenolates which smoothly react with nucleophiles such as another cumulenolate or ketimines to afford vinyl allenones like (II) or pyrrolidines of type (IV)/(VII) in a stereoselective manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Easily‐Controlled Chemoselective Hydrogenation by Using Palladium on Boron Nitride.
Authors: Yabe Yuki , Sawama Yoshinari , Yamada Tsuyoshi , Nagata Saori , Monguchi Yasunari , Sajiki Hiranao
Published: December 2013

The reaction conditions are developed to achieve the selective hydrogenation of azides and alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Trifluoromethylation of Ketones and Aldehydes with Bu3SnCF3.
Authors: Sanhueza Italo A. , Bonney Karl J. , Nielsen Mads C. , Schoenebeck Franziska
Published: December 2013

Tributyl(trifluoromethyl)stannane is successfully applied for the trifluoromethylation of a variety of carbonyl compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclometalated Gold(III) Complexes as Effective Catalysts for Synthesis of Propargylic Amines, Chiral Allenes and Isoxazoles.
Authors: Wong Man‐Kin , et al. et al.
Published: December 2013

The three component reaction of aldehydes, cyclic amines, and terminal alkynes are efficiently promoted by cyclometalated Au(III) complexes to yield a variety of propargylic amines (IV), (VI), and (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Inorganic—Organic Hybrid Double Sulfates as Catalysts of the Diastereoselective Nitroaldol Reaction.
Authors: Kammoun Omar , Rekik Walid , Bataille Thierry , Mahmudov Kamran T. , Kopylovich Maximilian N. , Naili Houcine
Published: December 2013

Three complexes are synthesized and tested for their activity in the diastereoselective Henry‐reaction, with the shown catalyst being the most effective one.
ChemInform Abstract: First Direct Synthesis of 3‐Hydroxy‐pent‐4‐ynoic Acids. Application to the Synthesis of Pyran‐2‐ones.
Authors: Lopez‐Reyes Morelia E. , Lopez‐Cortes Jose G. , Ortega‐Alfaro M. Carmen , Toscano R. Alfredo , Alvarez‐Toledano Cecilio
Published: December 2013

A direct method for the synthesis of 3‐hydroxy‐pent‐4‐ynoic acids by the nucleophilic addition of bis‐(trimethylsilyl) ketene acetals to alkynones promoted by boron trifluoride etherate is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphine‐Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles (PFMN) as a Magnetic Recyclable Phosphorus Ligand: Preparation of Its Palladium(II) Complex for Heck Reaction of Chloroarenes.
Authors: Khalafi‐Nezhad Ali , Panahi Farhad
Published: December 2013

Moreover, the catalyst can be reused at least four times without significant loss of activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Henry Reaction Catalyzed by Chiral Schiff Base.
Authors: Ran De‐qiang , Shen Tian‐hua , Zhou Xiao‐cong , Li Jun‐qi , Cui Fu‐na , Ma Chun‐an , Song Qing‐bao
Published: December 2013

Optimum reaction conditions are examined for the asymmetric Henry reaction catalyzed by a new chiral Schiff base.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Chiral Ligands with Multiple Stereogenic Centers and Their Application in Titanium(IV)‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Desymmetrization of meso‐Epoxides.
Authors: Kumar Manish , Kureshy Rukhsana I. , Ghosh Debashis , Khan Noor‐ul H. , Abdi Sayed H. R. , Bajaj Hari C.
Published: December 2013

Nitro‐functionality on the aniline is not tolerated.
ChemInform Abstract: Arylation with Unsymmetrical Diaryliodonium Salts: A Chemoselectivity Study.
Authors: Malmgren Joel , Santoro Stefano , Jalalian Nazli , Himo Fahmi , Olofsson Berit
Published: December 2013

The arylation reactions of unsymmetrical diaryliodonium triflates (II) with O‐, N‐, and C‐nucleophiles with respect to formation of the phenyl or the corresponding aryl substituted derivative are investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reaction of α‐Sulfur‐Substituted Alkylstannanes with Acid Chlorides.
Authors: Kagoshima Hirotaka , Takahashi Naoshi
Published: December 2013

Copper salts are found to catalyze the cross‐coupling reaction of α‐sulfur‐substituted alkylstannanes with acid chlorides.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel One‐Pot Synthesis and Preliminary Biological Activity Evaluation of cis‐Restricted Polyhydroxy Stilbenes Incorporating Protocatechuic Acid and Cinnamic Acid Fragments.
Authors: Miliovsky Mitko , Svinyarov Ivan , Mitrev Yavor , Evstatieva Yana , Nikolova Dilyana , Chochkova Maya , Bogdanov Milen G.
Published: December 2013

The title compounds are tested as radical scavenger, antifungal agents, and tyrosinase inhibitors.
ChemInform Abstract: Clean Synthesis of Amides over Bifunctional Catalysts of Rhodium‐Loaded Titanosilicates.
Authors: Xu Le , Li Ningning , Peng Hong‐gen , Wu Peng
Published: December 2013

The catalyst can be recycled with the benzamide formation selectivity declining gradually with the regeneration cycles.
ChemInform Abstract: Ultrasound Promoted Expeditious, Catalyst‐Free and Solvent‐Free Approach for the Synthesis of N,N′‐Diarylsubstituted Formamidines at Room Temperature.
Authors: Dar Bashir Ahmad , Ahmad Syed Naseer , Wagay Mohammad Arif , Hussain Altaf , Ahmad Nisar , Bhat Khursheed Ahmad , Khuroo Mohammad Akbar , Sharma Meena , Singh Baldev
Published: December 2013

It is proposed that the use of ultrasound irradiation is the major reason for the efficiency of the simple one‐pot reaction of aromatic amines with triethyl orthoformate to afford formamidines and benzimidazole derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Containing Ionic Liquid‐Based Ordered Mesoporous Organosilica: An Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for the Heck Reaction.
Authors: Elhamifar Dawood , Karimi Babak , Rastegar Javad , Banakar Mohammad Hossain
Published: December 2013

Aryl iodides and bromides and as well as aryl chlorides bearing electron‐withdrawing groups can be used in the Heck coupling reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Asymmetric Sulfa‐Michael Addition of Thiols to trans‐3,3,3‐Trifluoropropenyl Phenyl Sulfone.
Authors: Fang Xin , Dong Xiu‐Qin , Liu Yuan‐Yuan , Wang Chun‐Jiang
Published: December 2013

The first asymmetric sulfa‐Michael addition of thiols to trans‐3,3,3‐trifluoropropenyl phenyl sulfone (I) for the construction of an unique stereogenic center bearing a trifluoromethyl group and a sulfur atom is achieved in high yields and moderate to good enantioselectivities with a chiral bifunctional amine—thiourea catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Superior Catalytic Performance of Mesoporous Zeolite TS‐1 for the Oxidation of Bulky Organic Sulfides.
Authors: Kang Zhenzhen , Fang Guoyong , Ke Qingping , Hu Jianbo , Tang Tiandi
Published: December 2013

The mesoporous zeolite TS‐1 shows high activity and high reusability in the oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides.
ChemInform Abstract: Bisamides as Ligands in Suzuki Coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Palladium.
Authors: da Costa Daniel P. , Nobre Sabrina M.
Published: December 2013

A simple methyl salicylate‐derived bisamide is used as novel ligand in Suzuki cross‐coupling reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Nickel‐Catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloadditions and Alkenylative Cyclizations of Ene‐Allenes and Alkenes.
Authors: Noucti Njamkou N. , Alexanian Erik J.
Published: December 2013

The course of the reaction can be controlled by the choice of ligand: PTol3 yields [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition products whereas, PBu3 affords alkenylative cyclization products.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron(II)‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Intramolecular Aminohydroxylation of Indoles.
Authors: Zhang Yong‐Qiang , Yuan Yong‐An , Liu Guan‐Sai , Xu Hao
Published: December 2013

Generally a diastereomeric ratio <20:1 is observed for the isolated reaction products.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Synthesis of 2,3‐Disubstituted 1‐Arylazetidines via NaBH4‐Promoted Facile Reduction of C‐3 Functionalized Azetidin‐2‐ones.
Authors: Mehra Vishu , Kumar Vipan
Published: December 2013

The diastereoselective sodium borohydride promoted reduction of N‐aryl‐2‐azetidinones to the corresponding azetidines is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Displacement of Phenylselenone by a Hydroxy Group: Stereoselective Synthesis of 2‐Substituted Tetrahydrofurans.
Authors: Minuti Lucio , Barattucci Anna , Bonaccorsi Paola Maria , Di Gioia Maria Luisa , Leggio Antonella , Siciliano Carlo , Temperini Andrea
Published: December 2013

The starting compounds are prepared by (asymmetric) reduction of γ‐phenylseleno ketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Perfluorocyclohexene Bridges in Inverse DiArylEthenes: Synthesis Through Pd‐Catalyzed C—H Bond Activation, Experimental and Theoretical Studies on Their Photoreactivity.
Authors: Yuan Kedong , Boixel Julien , Le Bozec Hubert , Boucekkine Abdou , Doucet Henri , Guerchais Veronique , Jacquemin Denis
Published: December 2013

The title reaction affords a new family of 1,2‐di(heteroaryl)perfluorocyclohexenes such as (III) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Five Membered 2,3‐Dioxo Heterocycles. Part 93. Spiro Heterocyclization of 4,5‐Diaroyl‐1H‐pyrrole‐2,3‐diones with Acyclic Enamine. Crystalline and Molecular Structure of Substituted 1,7‐Diazaspiro[4.4]nonane.
Authors: Silaichev P. S. , Kudrevatykh N. V. , Slepukhin P. A. , Maslivets A. N.
Published: December 2013

Six title compounds of type (III) are prepared by this first direct spiro heterocyclization of pyrrolediones with an enamine.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Cross‐Coupling/Cyclization to Build Polysubstituted Pyrroles from Terminal Alkynes and β‐Enamino Esters.
Authors: Ke Jie , He Chuan , Liu Huiying , Li Mengjun , Lei Aiwen
Published: December 2013

A novel method is reported for the synthesis of pyrroles (III) by a silver‐mediated oxidative cross‐coupling/cyclization of β‐enamino esters (I) with aryl alkynes (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Oxidative Hydroxyalkylarylation of Activated Alkenes by Direct sp3 C—H Functionalization of Alcohols.
Authors: Meng Yuan , Guo Li‐Na , Wang Hua , Duan Xin‐Hua
Published: December 2013

A variety of substituted oxindoles is synthesized by a tandem radical addition/cyclization reaction of corresponding acrylamides with different alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of [2.2.1]Heterobicyclic Pyroglutamates.
Authors: Tekkam Srinivas , Johnson Joseph L. , Jonnalagadda Subash C. , Mereddy Venkatram R.
Published: December 2013

An exceptionally short procedure for the synthesis of heterobicyclic pyroglutamates (V) applies an alkylation of amino acid‐derived iminoesters (I) with Baylis‐Hillman bromide, rhodium‐catalyzed exocyclic olefin isomerization, diastereoselective dihydroxylation, and regioselective lactonization as the key steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and in vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Novel 2‐(4‐(Substituted‐carboxamido)benzyl/phenyl)benzothiazoles.
Authors: Yilmaz Serap , Yalcin Ismail , Kaynak‐Onurdag Fatma , Ozgen Selda , Yildiz Ilkay , Aki Esin
Published: December 2013

The novel title compounds (III) and (VI) are prepared and investigated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Fluorescent 2‐{4‐[1‐(Pyridine‐2‐yl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐3‐yl]phenyl}‐2H‐naphtho[1,2‐d] [1,2,3]triazolyl Derivatives and Evaluation of Their Thermal and Photophysical Properties.
Authors: Padalkar Vikas S. , Phatangare Kiran R. , Sekar N.
Published: December 2013

Three title derivatives (IX), are synthesized in 9 steps from phenyl acetonitrile (I) via Vilsmeier‐Haack formylation of nitrophenylacetic acid (II), pyrazole ring construction with dialdehyde (V) and hydrazinopyridine (VI), and coupling of the diazotized amino compound (VII) with sulfonic acid substituted naphthylamines (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed α‐(Hetero)arylation of Saturated Cyclic Amines: Reaction Scope and Mechanism.
Authors: Peschiulli Aldo , Smout Veerle , Storr Thomas E. , Mitchell Emily A. , Elias Zdenek , Herrebout Wouter , Berthelot Didier , Meerpoel Lieven , Maes Bert U. W.
Published: December 2013

The scope of the C2‐arylation and ‐heteroarylation of 1‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)piperidines and related 5‐, 6‐, and 7‐membered N‐heterocycles is described using boronic acid esters and a catalytic amounts of Ru3(CO)12.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2,4,6‐Tri‐substituted Pyridine Derivatives in Aqueous Medium via Hantzsch Multi‐Component Reaction Catalyzed by Cerium(IV) Ammonium Nitrate.
Authors: Penta Santhosh , Vedula Rajeswar Rao
Published: December 2013

An improved Hantzsch pyridine protocol furnishes the title derivatives (III) in high yields without the use of volatile organic solvents.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalyst Controlled Regioselective Suzuki Cross‐Coupling of 2‐(4‐Bromophenyl)‐5‐chloropyrazine.
Authors: Ashcroft Christopher P. , Fussell Steven J. , Wilford Katie
Published: December 2013

The Suzuki cross‐coupling between 2‐(4‐bromophenyl)‐5‐chloropyrazine (I) and a range of aryl boronic acids is investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Antitumor and Antibacterial Activities of Some Novel Tetrahydrobenzo[4,5]thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidine Derivatives.
Authors: Abbas Safinaz E. , Abdel Gawad Nagwa M. , George Riham F. , Akar Yahya A.
Published: December 2013

Title compounds [(III) and (IX)] are synthesized starting from ester (I) or amide (IV), resp., and tested for their antitumor and antibacterial activities.
ChemInform Abstract: 13H‐Quinazolino[3,4‐a]quinazolin‐13‐one: Synthesis and Structural Revision.
Authors: Venkateswarlu Somepalli , Satyanarayana Meka , Ravikiran Pasupuleti , Vijayakumar Anupoju
Published: December 2013

The synthesis of title compound (IV) is revised.
ChemInform Abstract: Some New Pyrazole and Pyrazolopyrimidines: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation.
Authors: Shamroukh Ahmed H. , Rashad Aymn E. , Ali Hatem S. , Abdel‐Megeid Farouk M. E.
Published: December 2013

The novel β‐enaminonitrile derivative (III) is synthesized and can be applied as precursor for the preparation of pyrazoles pyrazolopyrimidines and some of their corresponding N‐acyclic nucleosides.