bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mapping cumulative compound hydrometeorological and marine-induced risks on the NW Mediterranean coast
Authors: Romero-Martín Rut , Caballero-Leiva Isabel , Llasat Maria Carmen , Llasat-Botija Montserrat , Rigo Tomeu , Valdemoro Herminia I. , Gilabert Joan , Cortès Maria , Jiménez José A.
Published: February 2024

Coastal risks in the Mediterranean are a result of the complex interplay between hydrometeorological and marine hazards. The region encompasses areas with varying degrees of vulnerability to these hazards, as well as spatial variations in exposure values, making it essential to adopt a comprehensive and nuanced approach to risk assessment and management. It is worth noting that hydrometeorological hazards, such as flash floods, can often have a greater impact than strictly coastal hazards, highlighting the need to consider the full range of potential risks. Therefore, coastal managers must adopt a multi-hazard approach to make sound risk management decisions. This study addresses this need using an index-based framework that assesses the integrated risk in time and space (hereafter referred to as cumulative compound risk) in coastal zones by aggregating the main hydrometeorological and marine hazards, the vulnerability of the territory to both types of hazards, and values at exposure. The framework is designed for use at large spatial scales (applied to a 1100 km coastline in this study), with the basic spatial unit being relevant for management (here set as the municipality in this study). Its application enables the assessment of spatial variations in integrated risk as well as individual hydrometeorological and marine contributions. The combined use of the indices and cluster analysis helps identify similarities and differences in the risk profile of spatial units, and thus, define homogeneous areas from a risk management perspective. In this study, the framework was applied to the Spanish Mediterranean coastline, an area representative of the climatic, geomorphological, and socioeconomic conditions of the Mediterranean coast.
Crosstalk between CD64+MHCII+ macrophages and CD4+ T cells drives joint pathology during chikungunya
Authors: Lum Fok-Moon , Chan Yi-Hao , Teo Teck-Hui , Becht Etienne , Amrun Siti Naqiah , Teng Karen WW , Hartimath Siddesh V , Yeo Nicholas KW , Yee Wearn-Xin , Ang Nicholas , Torres-Ruesta Anthony M , Fong Siew-Wai , Goggi Julian L , Newell Evan W , Renia Laurent , Carissimo Guillaume , Ng Lisa FP
Published: February 2024

Communications between immune cells are essential to ensure appropriate coordination of their activities. Here, we observed the infiltration of activated macrophages into the joint-footpads of chikungunya virus (CHIKV)-infected animals. Large numbers of CD64+MHCII+and CD64+MHCII-macrophages were present in the joint-footpad, preceded by the recruitment of their CD11b+Ly6C+inflammatory monocyte precursors. Recruitment and differentiation of these myeloid subsets were dependent on CD4+T cells and GM-CSF. Transcriptomic and gene ontology analyses of CD64+MHCII+and CD64+MHCII-macrophages revealed 89 differentially expressed genes, including genes involved in T cell proliferation and differentiation pathways. Depletion of phagocytes, including CD64+MHCII+macrophages, from CHIKV-infected mice reduced disease pathology, demonstrating that these cells play a pro-inflammatory role in CHIKV infection. Together, these results highlight the synergistic dynamics of immune cell crosstalk in driving CHIKV immunopathogenesis. This study provides new insights in the disease mechanism and offers opportunities for development of novel anti-CHIKV therapeutics.
Wearable sweat chloride sensors: materials, fabrication and their applications
Authors: Patel Vinay , Mardolkar Anvi , Shelar Akshata , Tiwari Ritu , Srivastava Rohit
Published: February 2024

Chloride is important for various functions including cellular respiration, nerves, muscles, digestion and metabolism. Therefore, it is used as a biomarker for cystic fibrosis, sports and fitness monitoring and geriatric care.
Gallic acid: design of a pyrogallol-containing hydrogel and its biomedical applications
Authors: Weian Wu , Yunxin Ye , Ziyan Wang , Qianzhou Jiang , Lvhua Guo
Published: February 2024

This review introduces gallic-acid hydrogels, covering their crosslinking mechanisms, physicochemical properties, synthesis methods, and biomedical applications, aiming to provide inspiration for the design of multifunctional polyphenol hydrogels.
Facile preparation of a lightweight multifunctional interlayer for high-performance Li–S batteries
Authors: Lei Yuan , Zhang Zhenyu , Lin Zhan , Bhattacharjee Samiran , Chen Chao
Published: February 2024

A lightweight multifunctional interlayer comprising a large surface area, nitrogen-abundant porous carbon and graphene was fabricated by a facile method for efficient mitigation of polysulfide shuttling and enhanced Li–S battery performance.
Construction of thermally stable Tb3+-activated green-emitting phosphors: dual driving strategy of doping concentration and excitation wavelength
Authors: Hu Die , Xiao Ran , Lv Xiang , Yang Chunwei , Liu Jianxia , Zhao Yuefeng , Guo Ning
Published: February 2024

Different concentration gradient Tb3+ ions are doped into GdTaO4 to produce effective regulation of anti-thermal quenching performance, which has applications in solid-state lighting.
In situ synergistic halogen passivation of semiconducting PbS quantum dot inks for efficient photovoltaics
Authors: Ding Xiaobo , Wen Xin , Kawata Yuto , Liu Yang , Shi Guozheng , Ghazi Refka ben , Sun Xiang , Zhu Yujie , Wu Hao , Gao Haotian , Shen Qing , Liu Zeke , Ma Wanli
Published: February 2024

An in situ mixed halogen passivation (MHP) strategy is reported in the direct synthesis of semiconducting PbS CQD inks, resulting in the optimal surface configuration and passivation.
Photocatalyst-free visible-light-promoted C(sp2)–P coupling: efficient synthesis of aryl phosphonates
Authors: Xiang Shiqi , Li Min , Xia Zhen , Fang Chen , Yang Wen , Deng Wei , Tan Ze
Published: February 2024

A simple and efficient method for the synthesis of aryl phosphonates from aryl bromides and trialkylphosphites via EDA complex-based photochemistry has been developed.
A comprehensive review on the advancements and challenges in perovskite solar cell technology
Authors: Noman Muhammad , Khan Zeeshan , Jan Shayan Tariq
Published: February 2024

This review provides an overview of the progress & developments of PSCs, beginning with introduction to their fundamental properties & significance. It discusses the various types of PSCs, highlighting their unique attributes & performance metrics.
Highly efficient Fe–Cu dual-site nanoparticles supported on black pearls 2000 (carbon black) as oxygen reduction reaction catalysts for Al–air batteries
Authors: Liu Kun , Ye Xiaoyue , Zhang Angli , Wang Xiaoyan , Liang Ting , Fang Yan , Zhang Wang , Hu Ke , Liu Xiaowu , Chen Xin
Published: February 2024

Acquiring cost-effective, high-performance, non-precious metal catalysts is crucial for substituting precious metal catalysts in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) to ensure sustainable energy conversion.
Lessons learnt in photocatalysis – the influence of solvent polarity and the photostability of the photocatalyst
Authors: Bryden Megan Amy , Millward Francis , Lee Oliver S. , Cork Lauren , Gather Malte C. , Steffen Andreas , Zysman-Colman Eli
Published: February 2024

The triplet energies and redox properties of eight photocatalysts were found to vary a function of solvent polarity. Irrespective of solvent, the photocatalysts photodegraded under PET reaction conditions, but not PEnT reaction conditions.
Lifetime of vertical giant soap films: role of the relative humidity and film dimensions
Authors: Pasquet Marina , Boulogne François , Restagno Frédéric , Rio Emmanuelle
Published: February 2024

We consider the lifetime of rectangular vertical soap films and we explore the influence of relative humidity and both dimensions on the stability of large soap films, reaching heights of up to 1.2 m.
Unimer suppression enables supersaturated homopolymer swollen micelles with long-term stability after glassy entrapment
Authors: Williams Eric R. , Ruff Christian X. , Stefik Morgan
Published: February 2024

Micelle sizes are critical for a range of applications where the simple ability to adjust and lock in specific stable sizes has remained largely elusive.
Rationally designed carbon-encapsulated manganese selenide composites from metal–organic frameworks for stable aqueous Zn–Mn batteries
Authors: Wang Bin , Li Wenqi , Wang Siyuan , Xie Peng , Wan Peng , Gui Ying , Chen Ding
Published: February 2024

Electrochemical kinetics unveiled enhanced surface pseudocapacitance in C@MnSe@GO-2, while ex situ XRD exposed the transformation mechanism during activation.
Highly efficient circularly polarized phosphorescent electroluminescence from iridium(iii) complexes with chiral ligands
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Yu , Chen Zi-Qi , Li Dong , Tong Bi-Hai , Fung Man-Keung , Cheng Yi-Xiang , Kong Hui
Published: February 2024

CP-OLEDs based on new phosphors exhibited an EQEmax of 31.9% and a |gEL| of up to 3.0 × 10−3.
Three robust Cd(ii) coordination polymers as bifunctional luminescent probes for efficient detection of pefloxacin and Cr2O72− in water
Authors: Fan Xiao-Fei , Fu Lianshe , Cui Guang-Hua
Published: February 2024

Three new ternary Cd(ii)-based coordination polymers were hydrothermally synthesized and characterized, which can act as bifunctional luminescent probes for the sensing of pefloxacin and Cr2O72− ions with high sensitivity and selectivity.
Regulation of microstructure and charge transport properties of cyclopentadiene-based conjugated polymers via side-chain engineering
Authors: Ma Jianeng , He Qiao , Xue Zhongyuan , Sou Hou Lon , Han Yang , Zhong Hongliang , Pietrangelo Agostino , Heeney Martin , Fei Zhuping
Published: February 2024

A series of copolymers of cyclopentadiene and DPP unit with different side chains were synthesized. The copolymer with longer linear alkyl spacer and shorter branches exhibited superior performance and the highest mobility up to 2.1 cm2 V−1 s−1.
Monitoring und Behandlung perioperativer kardiovaskulärer Erkrankungen
Authors: Ott Ilka
Published: February 2024

Nach der koronaren Herzerkrankung und dem Schlaganfall stellt perioperative Mortalität die dritthäufigste Todesursache in den westlichen Industrieländern dar. Die individuelle, klinische
Risikobewertung ist deswegen von besonderer Bedeutung. Die perioperative Mortalität beruht zum überwiegenden Anteil auf perioperativen Myokardinfarkten (PMI), die häufig klinisch stumm
verlaufen und nur durch systematische hs-TnT/I-Messungen frühzeitig erkennbar werden. In den neuesten ESC-Leitlinien zu nicht kardialen, chirurgischen Eingriffen wird deswegen die
perioperative hs-TnT/I-Überwachung empfohlen. Dadurch sollen Typ-1- und Typ-2-Myokardinfarkte schneller erkannt und behandelt werden. Auch nicht koronare Ursachen wie Herzrhythmusstörungen,
Infektionen, Sepsis, Lungenembolie, Nierenfunktionsstörungen, Schlaganfall, Subarachnoidalblutung und chronische Lungenerkrankungen können zu einem hs-TnT/I-Anstieg führen. Da viele
Hochrisikopatienten bereits präoperativ erhöhte hs-TnT/I-Werte aufweisen, sollte eine hs-TnT/I-Bestimmung bereits präoperativ durchgeführt werden.
Die Hyperkalzämie – Intensivmedizin oder Normalstation
Authors: Mauch Jenny , Cascetta Katerina
Published: February 2024

Die Hyperkalzämie ist eine lebensbedrohliche Elektrolytentgleisung, die nicht nur im Rahmen einer endokrinologischen Erkrankung auftritt, sondern auch häufig mit einem Tumorleiden assoziiert ist. Der Schweregrad wird bestimmt durch die Höhe der Normabweichung, die Akuität des Auftretens und die Schwere der Symptomatik. Die Symptome sind unspezifisch, können jedes Organsystem betreffen und letztendlich in einer lebensbedrohlichen hyperkalzämischen Krise resultieren, die durch eine Herzrhythmusstörung, metabolische Azidose, Exsikkose, Fieber, psychotische Zustände und letztlich Koma gekennzeichnet ist.

Für die Entstehung der Hyperkalzämie können endokrinologische Störungen, Medikamente wie Vitamin D3, Vitamin A, Checkpointinhibitoren, aber auch Malignome ursächlich sein. Bis zu 30% der Tumorpatienten sind von der Hyperkalzämie betroffen. Diese ist mit einer schlechten Prognose und mit hoher Tumorlast assoziiert. Hauptsächlich wir die maligne Hyperkalzämie durch das sog. PTHrP (parathormon related peptide) verursacht, dass durch die Tumorzellen sezerniert wird.

Bei onkologischen Patienten sollte regelmäßig das Serumkalzium (ionisiertes Kalzium und nicht-ionisiertes Kalzium) bestimmt werden. Da der Serumkalziumwert von der Albuminkonzentration abhängig ist, sollte auch dessen Konzentration im Serum bestimmt werden.

Therapeutisch stehen die Erhöhung des intravesikalen Volumens sowie die Erhöhung der Kalziumsausscheidung und Inhibition der Kalziumreabsorption im Vordergrund.
Synkope im Kindes- und Jugendalter aus kardiologischer Sicht
Authors: Bahlmann Jens
Published: February 2024

Eine Synkope ist ein nicht seltenes Ereignis im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Die Ursache der Synkope ist unterschiedlich. Es werden die benignen von den kardiogenen Synkopen unterschieden. Letztere sind mit einem erheblichen Risiko der Morbidität und Mortalität verbunden. Anhand von Fallbeispielen und einem Diagnostikschema wird die Diagnose der kardiogenen Synkope aufgezeigt. „Red Flags“ sollen hierbei helfen.
„Tauglich für Wettkämpfe?“
Authors: Gerling Stephan
Published: February 2024

Körperliche Aktivität ist ein bedeutsamer Faktor für eine gesunde geistige und körperliche Entwicklung von Kindern. Regelmäßige körperliche Aktivität wirkt sich positiv auf die Gesundheit aus, insbesondere auf das Herz-Kreislauf-System. Das „freie Spiel“ hat in den Industrieländern abgenommen, mehr als 80 % der Heranwachsenden erreichen die von der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) geforderte tägliche Bewegungszeit von 60 Minuten nicht mehr. Andererseits treiben deutlich mehr Kinder und Jugendliche leistungsorientierten organisierten Sport im Verein. Im intensiven organisierten Sport muss nicht nur die individuelle Entwicklung von Kindern und Jugendlichen berücksichtigt werden, es sind auch Screening-Programme (orthopädisch und kardiovaskulär) notwendig, um die prinzipielle Eignung für Leistungssport festzustellen. Ziel einer Tauglichkeitsuntersuchung muss es daher auch sein, das individuelle Risiko für das Auftreten akuter kardialer Ereignisse, die zu einem plötzlichen Herztod führen können, zu erkennen. In der Betreuung von Junior-Athleten sind Grundkenntnisse der Kinder- und Jugendmedizin (Wachstum, Entwicklung, Impfungen, Vorsorgeuntersuchungen) essenziell.
Die ambulante Pädiatrie im Wandel
Authors: Eber Stefan , Barucija Ajla , Schmideder Anna , von Voss Hubertus , Dickerhoff Roswitha , Lang Martin
Published: February 2024

Mit dem nächsten Jahrzehnt kann sich die ambulante Pädiatrie im Rahmen eines tiefgreifenden Wandels auf gesellschaftliche und berufliche Veränderungen einstellen. Infektionskrankheiten behalten Ihre Bedeutung, gerade in den nächsten Jahren wird der Kinderarzt immer wieder mit den Folgeerkrankungen der Pandemie konfrontiert. Genetisch bedingte Erkrankungen von Migranten (Sichelzellkrankheiten, Thalassämien) werden weiter im Studium nicht ausreichend vermittelt, spielen aber in der Praxis eine zunehmende Rolle. Darüber hinaus sehen wir eine Zunahme von jungen Patienten mit chronischen Erkrankungen. Die Kinder- und Jugendärzte nehmen vermehrt eine Lotsen- und Beratungsfunktion ein und stehen der gesamten Familie bei Entscheidungen bei. Sozialpädiatrische Krankheitsbilder nehmen in der kinderärztlichen Praxis zu. Die notwendige interdisziplinäre Vernetzung von Allgemein- zu Spezialpädiatrie sowie zwischen ambulantem und stationärem Bereich gewinnt auch hier an Bedeutung.

Telemedizin und künstliche Intelligenz (KI) verändern den Aufgabenbereich des Kinder- und Jugendarztes. Das spezifische Fachwissen kann durch künstliche Intelligenz teilweise geleistet werden. Der Kinderarzt muss entscheiden, welche Empfehlungen und Schlussfolgerungen der KI richtig sind und welche dem Patienten in seiner individuellen Situation am besten gerecht werden. Die Telemedizin beschleunigt den Fachaustausch von Expertenwissen des Schwerpunktpädiaters mit dem Erfahrungswissen des Allgemeinpädiaters.

Um eine flächendeckende und bedarfsgerechte, patientenorientierte Versorgung gewährleisten zu können, müssen die medizinischen Ansprüche und die ärztlichen Kompetenzen schon in die Ausbildung integriert werden und die berufspolitischen Voraussetzungen für die Umsetzung gegeben sein.
Telemonitoring bei pädiatrischem Post-COVID-Syndrom
Authors: Schmidt Jeremy , Oftring Zoe S. , Hägele Matthias , Behrends Uta , Hamelmann Eckard , Kuhn Sebastian
Published: February 2024

Die Behandlung des Post-COVID-Syndroms (PCS) in der Pädiatrie bedarf einer interdisziplinären Anamnese, Diagnostik und multimodalen Therapie. In Deutschland besteht ein großes Versorgungsdefizit. Die heterogene, fluktuierende Symptomatik und fehlende Verlaufsmarker machen Telemonitoring als hybride Versorgungsstruktur vielversprechend.

Hier wird die Etablierung eines App-unterstützten Telemonitorings als Ergänzung der Versorgung an zwei universitären pädiatrischen PCS-Ambulanzen beschrieben. Das Telemonitoring umfasst eine Patient:innen-App mit integrierten Verlaufsfragebögen/PROMs, digitalen Sensoren zur Messung kardiopulmonaler Parameter und eine telemedizinische Kommunikationsstruktur. Ärzt:innen können Daten über eine Telemedizinplattform einsehen und exportieren. Bizentrisch wurden Erfahrungen zu medizinischen, technischen, ethischen und rechtlichen Aspekten der Implementierung gesammelt.

Die Implementierung ist an zwei Standorten gelungen. Voraussetzungen sind Expertise in der PCS-Behandlung, Austausch mit den App-Hersteller:innen und frühzeitige Planung organisatorischer wie rechtlicher Rahmenbedingungen. Erste Evaluationen zeigen eine hohe Zufriedenheit bei Patient:innen, Eltern und Ärzt:innen. Die Pilotstudie coverCHILD Telemonitoring begleitete das Projekt wissenschaftlich.

Telemonitoring kann bei chronischen Erkrankungen wie PCS eine wichtige Rolle in einer integrierten, digital unterstützen Versorgung einnehmen, bedingt aber hinsichtlich der komplexen Erkrankung einen hohen Betreuungsaufwand. Wesentlich sind eine entsprechende wissenschaftliche Evaluation und Finanzierung.
Credit risk assessment using the factorization machine model with feature interactions
Authors: Quan Jing , Sun Xuelian
Published: February 2024

The accuracy of credit risk evaluation is crucial for the profitability of any financial institution. The factorization machine is a widely available model that can effectively be utilized for classification or regression through appropriate feature transformation. In this article, we apply the factorization machine model to the field of credit risk assessment. Since some features of the credit risk assessment data are not numerical, one-hot encoding is used, resulting in sparse training data. However, the computational complexity of the factorization machine is polynomial. To illustrate the effectiveness of the factorization machine credit risk assessment model and compare its performance with other classification approaches such as logical regression, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbors, and artificial neural network, we conduct numerical experiments on four real-world credit risk evaluation datasets. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed factorization machine credit risk assessment model achieves higher accuracy compared to other machine-learning models on real-world datasets and is computationally more efficient. Therefore, the factorization machine model can be considered as a suitable candidate for credit risk assessment.
Effect of animal and diet parameters on methane emissions for pasture-fed cattle
Authors: Muetzel Stefan , Hannaford Rina , Jonker Arjan
Published: February 2024

Context Estimates of enteric methane emissions for agricultural emissions trading schemes or national inventories can be a simple single emission factor, but the accuracy of the predictions may be affected by other diet- and animal-related parameters. Aims Determine the animal and dietary factors that affect methane yield (methane per unit of dry-matter intake) in pasture-fed cattle. Methods Methane emissions and dry-matter intake (DMI) of cattle of various ages and in different physiological stages that were fed different-quality fresh-cut pastures were quantified in respiration chambers. The animals used in the various trials were post-weaned calves, heifers and steers of various ages and some older lactating dairy cows. Diet quality of the pastures offered was determined using near-infrared spectroscopy. Mixed linear modelling was used to assess the impacts of animal and diet parameters on methane emissions. Key results Our results indicated that diet quality does not have a major effect on methane production. For individual composition parameters, the correlation (Pearson’s r) with methane production was less than 0.25. Only estimates of metabolisable energy (ME) content showed a higher correlation (r = 0.43). However, despite this correlation, ME, like the other diet composition variables, was not a useful parameter to predict daily methane production, as indicated by the Akaike’s information criterion (AICc). Including data on concentrate supplementation at a level of 30% of the DMI did not improve the prediction of methane production. The resulting model indicated that besides DMI, bodyweight, physiological state and sex significantly affected methane production. Methane production was mostly explained by DMI. This was illustrated by the observation that when methane production is expressed per kilogram DMI (methane yield, g kg−1 DMI) none of the diet or animal related characteristics showed a significant correlation with methane yield. The model performed well, but needs to be validated with an independent dataset. Conclusions For ryegrass-based pasture dry-matter intake is the single most important factor that affects methane yield, while pasture composition has no effect and animal-related factors such as physiological stage and age only appear to modulate methane emissions. Implications Our findings have implications for methane accounting and national inventories in pastoral agricultural systems, which account for the majority of ruminant production systems.
Mutant crtRB1 gene negates the unfavourable effects of opaque2 gene on germination and seed vigour among shrunken2-based biofortified sweet corn genotypes
Authors: Mehta Brijesh K. , Chauhan Hema S. , Basu Sudipta , Anand Anjali , Baveja Aanchal , Zunjare Rajkumar U. , Muthusamy Vignesh , Singh Ashok K. , Hossain Firoz
Published: February 2024

Sweet corn is one of the most popular vegetables worldwide. However, traditional shrunken2 (sh2)-based sweet corn varieties are poor in nutritional quality. Here, we analysed the effect of (1) β-carotene hydroxylase1 (crtRB1), (2) opaque2 (o2) and (3) o2 + crtRB1 genes on nutritional quality, germination, seed vigour and physico-biochemical traits in a set of 27 biofortified sh2-based sweet corn inbreds. The biofortified sweet corn inbreds recorded significantly higher concentrations of proA (16.47 μg g−1), lysine (0.36%) and tryptophan (0.09%) over original inbreds (proA: 3.14 μg g−1, lysine: 0.18%, tryptophan: 0.04%). The crtRB1-based inbreds had the lowest electrical conductivity (EC), whereas o2-based inbreds possessed the highest EC. The o2 + crtRB1-based inbreds showed similar EC to the original inbreds. Interestingly, o2-based inbreds also had the lowest germination and seed vigour compared to original inbreds, whereas crtRB1 and o2 + crtRB1 introgressed sweet corn inbreds showed similar germination and seed vigour traits to their original versions. This suggested that the negative effect of o2 on germination, seed vigour and EC is nullified by crtRB1 in the double mutant sweet corn. Overall, o2 + crtRB1-based sweet corn inbreds were found the most desirable over crtRB1- and o2-based inbreds alone.
Enhancing cancer immunotherapy via inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase
Authors: Kelly Abigail G. , Wang Weicang , Rothenberger Eva , Yang Jun , Gilligan Molly M. , Kipper Franciele C. , Attaya Ahmed , Gartung Allison , Hwang Sung Hee , Gillespie Michael J. , Bayer Rachel L. , Quinlivan Katherine M. , Torres Kimberly L. , Huang Sui , Mitsiades Nicholas , Yang Haixia , Hammock Bruce D. , Panigrahy Dipak
Published: February 2024

Cancer therapy, including immunotherapy, is inherently limited by chronic inflammation-induced tumorigenesis and toxicity within the tumor microenvironment. Thus, stimulating the resolution of inflammation may enhance immunotherapy and improve the toxicity of immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI). As epoxy-fatty acids (EpFAs) are degraded by the enzyme soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), the inhibition of sEH increases endogenous EpFA levels to promote the resolution of cancer-associated inflammation. Here, we demonstrate that systemic treatment with ICI induces sEH expression in multiple murine cancer models. Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation and pharmacologic sEH inhibition, both alone and in combination, significantly enhance anti-tumor activity of ICI in these models. Notably, pharmacological abrogation of the sEH pathway alone or in combination with ICI counter-regulates an ICI-induced pro-inflammatory and pro-tumorigenic cytokine storm. Thus, modulating endogenous EpFA levels through dietary supplementation or sEH inhibition may represent a unique strategy to enhance the anti-tumor activity of paradigm cancer therapies.
Oral reading tasks as proficiency indicators
Authors: Gráf Tomáš , Huang Lan-fen , Cilibrasi Luca
Published: February 2024

This study aims to explore the potential of oral reading tasks to establish learners’ proficiency when compiling
learner corpora. Informed by research on oral reading fluency, we selected a text containing a variety of linguistic features and
submitted it to 68 English learners in Taiwan, who were interviewed for the construction of a large spoken corpus of L2 English
across proficiency levels. Their proficiency was rated by trained Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR;
Council of Europe, 2001, 2018, 2020) raters and ranged from A1 to B2. The performances in the reading passage were
analyzed for reading rate and reading disfluencies. The relationship between reading measures and language scores was analyzed
using spine plots, revealing a strong association between reading rate and language level. The number of disfluencies did not show
a significant association with language level when all disfluencies were counted together. However, when different types of
disfluencies were treated separately, false starts were found to be associated with language level (even though the relationship
was less clear than the one reported between reading rate and language level). The study demonstrates that including a carefully
selected reading passage among the tasks when compiling spoken learner corpora may be an efficient way of collecting data relating
to learner performance in speech.
Perception of charisma in text and speech
Authors: Vari Judit , Rathcke Tamara , Cichocka Aleksandra
Published: February 2024

The perception of leaders as charismatic personalities has been linked to the level of (positive) emotion in their
messages. The present paper reports a cross-modal perception study on the relationship between perceived charisma and positive as
well as negative emotions. One hundred forty-nine participants listened or read Brexit speeches by four British politicians (David
Cameron, Nicola Sturgeon, Nigel Farage, Theresa May) and rated their charisma using a 7-point Likert scale. Emotions in speeches
were quantified on three dimensions (valence, arousal, dominance) and supplemented by analyses of person deixis
(I vs. we). Results revealed that effects of emotions on perceived charisma are moderated by
the modality of speeches. Emotionally positive words as well as inclusive person deixis increased charisma ratings in written
messages, but the effect was reduced or not present in auditory versions of these messages. Implications arise for studies of
political discourse that tend to focus on scripted speeches.
Adaptive magnetorheological fluid energy absorption systems: a review
Authors: Bai Xianxu ‘Frank’ , Zhang Xinchi , Choi Young T , Shou Mengjie , Zhu Guanghong , Wereley Norman M
Published: February 2024

In the last two decades, magnetorheological (MR) fluids have attracted extensive attention since they can rapidly and continuously control their rheological characteristics by adjusting an external magnetic field. Because of this feature, MR fluids have been applied to various engineering systems. This paper specifically investigates the application of MR fluids in shock mitigation control systems from the aspects of three key technical components: the basic structural design of MR fluid-based energy absorbers (MREAs), the analytical and dynamical model of MREAs, and the control method of adaptive MR shock mitigation control systems. The current status of MR technology in shock mitigation control is presented and analyzed. Firstly, the fundamental mechanical analysis of MREAs is carried out, followed by the introduction of typical MREA configurations. Based on mechanical analysis of MREAs, the structural optimization of MREAs used in shock mitigation control is discussed. The optimization methods are given from perspectives of the design of piston structures, the layout of electromagnetic coil, and the MR fluid gap. Secondly, the methods of damper modeling for MREAs are presented with and without consideration of the inertia effect. Then both the modeling methods and their characteristics are introduced for representative parametric dynamic models, semi-empirical dynamic models, and non-parametric dynamic models. Finally, the control objectives and requirements of the shock mitigation control systems are analyzed, and the current competitive methods for the ideal ‘soft-landing’ control objectives are reviewed. The typical control methods of MR shock mitigation control systems are discussed, and based on this the evaluation indicators of the control performance are summarized.
Formation of small-scale modes via ECCD injection into KSTAR plasma core
Authors: Kim Dong-Kwon , Lee Jaehyun , Choi Minjun J. , Dae Yoon Young , Woo Minho , Kim Minho , Yun Gunsu S.
Published: February 2024

In KSTAR experiments exhibiting sawtooth instability, the formation of multiple flux tubes (MFTs) has been frequently observed when electron cyclotron resonance heating or a current drive is applied near the inversion radius of the sawtooth. On the global scale, these MFTs evolve into a single flux tube mode or dual modes. The modes are observed as multiple Fourier harmonics in the spectrogram. A comprehensive correlation analysis of 2D imaging diagnostic data reveals a notable energy transfer within structures of varying sizes during the global mode transition. Broadband fluctuations are enhanced, and energy transfer between Fourier harmonics occurs in the presence of MFTs. Cross-power spectrum in the presence of multiple Fourier harmonics aligns with power law of inverse cascade. This suggests that energy inverse cascade process can contribute to formation of MFTs.
Spray Coated of ZnO Particles on ePA Nylon-Carbon Fiber Substrate and Its Photocatalytic Activity Evaluation
Authors: Hasyim M F , Fitrilawati  , Safriani L , Firmansyah V , Aprilia A
Published: February 2024

This work studies a simple deposition of ZnO particles on the ePA Nylon–Carbon Fiber substrate by sol-gel-spray-coating technique. The ZnO films were deposited on the substrate with deposition parameters such as suspension concentration, nozzle-to-substrate distance, nozzle size, coats, pump pressure, and deposition temperature. The ZnO gel suspension concentrations were varied (ZnO-0.06g/ml; ZnO-0.03g/ml), and the post-heated treatment was carried out at 120°C in vacuum condition. The temperature at 45°C during spray coating deposition was also applied to ZnO with the concentration of 0.03g/ml, which was noted as ZnO-0.03 TS. The films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), and Contact Angle (CA) to determine the structure, morphology, and hydrophilicity. The XRD pattern revealed that all samples have a hexagonal wurtzite structure. The SEM results showed that ZnO-0.06 relatively shows a dense surface, while ZnO-0.03 and ZnO-0.03 TS have a porous surface. The atomic ratio (Zn:O) revealed from the EDS measurement of the films was stoichiometric. The CA measurement showed that the film surfaces are hydrophilic. In addition, the photocatalytic activity was evaluated by the degradation of 2 mg/L methylene blue irradiated by sunlight for 180 mins—the photodegradation efficiencies were 88.37 %, 90.22 %, and 89,47 %, respectively.
Concentration Dependences of Photocatalytic Activity in Green-Synthesis Fe3O4/TiO2 Nanocomposite Utilizing Moringa Oleifera for Methylene Blue Dye Degradation
Authors: Ahmad Fauzi Rizal , Imani Istiqomah Nurul , Kurnia Sari Emi , Suharyadi Edi , Aliah Hasniah
Published: February 2024

Moringa Oleifera (MO) extract is used for green-synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles Fe3O4/TiO2 for methylene blue (MB) dye degradation. Fe3O4 was characterized using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) showing a cubic inverse spinel structure with an average crystallite size of 5.49 nm and an average crystallite size of Fe3O4/TiO2 nanocomposites of 5.37 nm. In the UV-Vis results, the Fe3O4/TiO2 nanocomposite has band gap of 3.48 eV. MB degradation increased by increasing mass of the Fe3O4/TiO2 nanocomposite. The irradiation time of 60 minutes with a mass of 0.06 grams had the highest degradation percentage reaching 98.4%. The Fe3O4/TiO2 nanocomposites can be reused up to two times without a significant decrease in the percentage of MB due to their magnetic properties.
Improved methods for finding imaginary quadratic fields with high 𝑛-rank
Authors: Bagshaw Christian , Jacobson Michael , Scheidler Renate , Rollick Nickolas
Published: February 2024

We describe a generalization and improvement of Diaz y Diaz’s search technique for imaginary quadratic fields with

3
3

-rank at least 2, one of the most successful algorithms for generating many examples with relatively small discriminants, to find quadratic fields with large

n
n

-ranks for odd

n
≥
3

n \geq 3

. An extensive search using our new algorithm in conjunction with a variety of further practical improvements produced billions of fields with non-trivial

p
p

-rank for the primes

p
=
3
,
5
,
7
,
11

p = 3, 5, 7, 11

and

13
13

, and a large volume of fields with high

p
p

-ranks and unusual class group structures. Our numerical results include a field with

5
5

-rank at least 4 with the smallest absolute discriminant discovered to date and the first known examples of imaginary quadratic fields with

7
7

-rank at least 4.
A database of paramodular forms from quinary orthogonal modular forms
Authors: Assaf Eran , Ladd Watson , Rama Gustavo , Tornaría Gonzalo , Voight John
Published: February 2024

We compute tables of paramodular forms of degree two and cohomological weight via a correspondence with orthogonal modular forms on quinary lattices.
The Effect of 3-Dimensional–Printed Sequential Dual Drug–Releasing Patch on the Capsule Formation Around the Silicone Implant in a Rat Model
Authors: Kim Hyung Bae , Jo Yeonggwon , Woo Soo Hyun , Han Se Young , Lee Sun Hyeok , Chang Young-Tae , Park Ju Young , Jang Jinah , Han Hyun Ho
Published: February 2024

Background

Implant-based breast reconstruction is associated with increased risk of early infection and late-stage capsular contracture.

Objectives

We evaluated the feasibility of a dual drug–releasing patch that enabled the controlled delivery of antibiotics and immunosuppressants in a temporally and spatially appropriate manner to the implant site.

Methods

The efficacy of a dual drug–releasing patch, which was 3-dimensional–printed (3D-printed) with tissue-derived biomaterial ink, was evaluated in rats with silicone implants. The groups included implant only (n = 10); implant plus bacterial inoculation (n = 14); implant, bacterial inoculation, and patch loaded with gentamycin placed on the ventral side of the implant (n = 10), and implant, bacterial inoculation, and patch loaded with gentamycin and triamcinolone acetonide (n = 9). Histologic and immunohistochemical analyses were performed 8 weeks after implantation.

Results

The 2 drugs were sequentially released from the dual drug–releasing patch and exhibited different release profiles. Compared to the animals with bacterial inoculation, those with the antibiotic-only and the dual drug–releasing patch exhibited thinner capsules and lower myofibroblast activity and inflammation, indicating better tissue integration and less foreign body response. These effects were more pronounced with the dual drug–releasing patch than with the antibiotic-only patch.

Conclusions

The 3D-printed dual drug–releasing patch effectively reduced inflammation and capsule formation in a rat model of silicone breast reconstruction. The beneficial effect of the dual drug–releasing patch was better than that of the antibiotic-only patch, indicating its therapeutic potential as a novel approach to preventing capsular contracture while reducing concerns of systemic side effects.
Rice grain structural characteristics of sake rice cultivarHakutsurunishikifordaiginjo-shubrewing
Authors: Tamada Yoshihiro , Asai Takuya , Kubodera Takafumi , Akashi Takahiro , Fukusaki Eiichiro , Shimma Shuichi
Published: February 2024

Hakutsurunishiki is a sake rice cultivar bred using Yamadabo (seed parent) and Wataribune 2 (pollen parent), equivalent to a Yamadanishiki sibling. This study evaluated the structural characteristics of the Hakutsurunishiki rice grain that contribute to the brewing characteristics of daiginjo-shu, via a comparison with Yamadanishiki. Hakutsurunishiki brown rice was a little heavy and had a large white core. Observing a cross-section of white rice after soaking revealed that the rice grain structure of Hakutsurunishiki was different from that of Yamadanishiki. Hakutsurunishiki white rice showed fewer voids than Yamadanishiki, promoting a slower water absorption rate. Glucose distribution in rice koji obtained by mass spectrometry imaging showed that Hakutsurunishiki rice koji, like Yamadanishiki, is tsuki-haze type, suggesting that its grain structure is suitable for making rice koji for daiginjo-shu. With these observations, we were able to clarify the structural characteristics of Hakutsurunishiki rice grain.
Dapagliflozin in chronic kidney disease: cost-effectiveness beyond the DAPA-CKD trial
Authors: McEwan Phil , Davis Jason A , Gabb Peter D , Wheeler David C , Rossing Peter , Chertow Glenn M , Correa-Rotter Ricardo , Tamura Kouichi , Barone Salvatore , Garcia Sanchez Juan Jose
Published: February 2024

Background

The Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in CKD (DAPA-CKD) trial enrolled patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate 25–75 mL/min/1.73 m2 and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio >200 mg/g. The Dapagliflozin Effect on CardiovascuLAR Events-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 58 (DECLARE-TIMI 58) trial enrolled patients with type 2 diabetes, a higher range of kidney function and no albuminuria criterion. The study objective was to estimate the cost-effectiveness of dapagliflozin in a broad chronic kidney disease population based on these two trials in the UK, Spain, Italy and Japan.

Methods

We adapted a published Markov model based on the DAPA-CKD trial but to a broader population, irrespective of urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, using patient-level data from the DAPA-CKD and DECLARE-TIMI 58 trials. We sourced cost and utility inputs from literature and the DAPA-CKD trial. The analysis considered healthcare system perspectives over a lifetime horizon.

Results

Treatment with dapagliflozin was predicted to attenuate disease progression and extend projected life expectancy by 0.64 years (12.5 versus 11.9 years, undiscounted) in the UK, with similar estimates in other settings. Clinical benefits translated to mean quality-adjusted life year (QALY; discounted) gains between 0.45 and 0.68 years across countries. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios in the UK, Spain, Italy and Japan ($10 676/QALY, $14 479/QALY, $7771/QALY and $13 723/QALY, respectively) were cost-effective at country-specific willingness-to-pay thresholds. Subgroup analyses suggest dapagliflozin is cost-effective irrespective of urinary albumin-to-creatine ratio and type 2 diabetes status.

Conclusion

Treatment with dapagliflozin may be cost-effective for patients across a wider spectrum of estimated glomerular filtration rates and albuminuria than previously demonstrated, with or without type 2 diabetes, in the UK, Spanish, Italian and Japanese healthcare systems.
Primary care indicators for disease burden, monitoring and surveillance of COVID-19 in 31 European countries: Eurodata Study
Authors: Ares-Blanco Sara , Guisado-Clavero Marina , Del Rio Lourdes Ramos , Larrondo Ileana Gefaell , Fitzgerald Louise , Murauskienė Liubovė , López Naldy Parodi , Perjés Ábel , Petek Davorina , Petrazzuoli Ferdinando , Petricek Goranka , Sattler Martin , Saurek-Aleksandrovska Natalija , Senn Oliver , Seifert Bohumil , Serafini Alice , Sentker Theresa , Ticmane Gunta , Tiili Paula , Torzsa Péter , Valtonen Kirsi , Vaes Bert , Vinker Shlomo , Adler Limor , Assenova Radost , Bakola Maria , Bayen Sabine , Brutskaya-Stempkovskaya Elena , Busneag Iliana-Carmen , Divjak Asja Ćosić , Peña Maryher Delphin , Díaz Esperanza , Domeyer Philippe-Richard , Feldmane Sabine , Gjorgjievski Dragan , Gómez-Johansson Mila , de la Fuente Ángel Gónzalez , Hanževački Miroslav , Hoffmann Kathryn , Ільков Оксана , Ivanna Shushman , Jandrić-Kočić Marijana , Karathanos Vasilis Trifon , Üçüncü Erva Kirkoç , Kirkovski Aleksandar , Knežević Snežana , Korkmaz Büsra Çimen , Kostić Milena , Krztoń-Królewiecka Anna , Kozlovska Liga , Nessler Katarzyna , Gómez-Bravo Raquel , Peña María Pilar Astier , Lingner Heidrun
Published: February 2024

Background

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority of patients received ambulatory treatment, highlighting the importance of primary health care (PHC). However, there is limited knowledge regarding PHC workload in Europe during this period. The utilization of COVID-19 PHC indicators could facilitate the efficient monitoring and coordination of the pandemic response. The objective of this study is to describe PHC indicators for disease surveillance and monitoring of COVID-19’s impact in Europe.

Methods

Descriptive, cross-sectional study employing data obtained through a semi-structured ad hoc questionnaire, which was collectively agreed upon by all participants. The study encompasses PHC settings in 31 European countries from March 2020 to August 2021. Key-informants from each country answered the questionnaire. Main outcome: the identification of any indicator used to describe PHC COVID-19 activity.

Results

Out of the 31 countries surveyed, data on PHC information were obtained from 14. The principal indicators were: total number of cases within PHC (Belarus, Cyprus, Italy, Romania and Spain), number of follow-up cases (Croatia, Cyprus, Finland, Spain and Turkey), GP’s COVID-19 tests referrals (Poland), proportion of COVID-19 cases among respiratory illnesses consultations (Norway and France), sick leaves issued by GPs (Romania and Spain) and examination and complementary tests (Cyprus). All COVID-19 cases were attended in PHC in Belarus and Italy.

Conclusions

The COVID-19 pandemic exposes a crucial deficiency in preparedness for infectious diseases in European health systems highlighting the inconsistent recording of indicators within PHC organizations. PHC standardized indicators and public data accessibility are urgently needed, conforming the foundation for an effective European-level health services response framework against future pandemics.
A transcriptomics-based RNAi screen for regulators of meiosis and early stages of oocyte development in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Hughes Stacie E , Price Andrew , Briggs Salam , Staber Cynthia , James Morgan , Anderson Madelyn , Hawley R Scott
Published: February 2024

A properly regulated series of developmental and meiotic events must occur to ensure the successful production of gametes. In Drosophila melanogaster ovaries, these early developmental and meiotic events include the production of the 16-cell cyst, meiotic entry, synaptonemal complex (SC) formation, recombination, and oocyte specification. In order to identify additional genes involved in early oocyte development and meiosis, we reanalyzed 3 published single-cell RNA-seq datasets from Drosophila ovaries, using vasa (germline) together with c(3)G, cona, and corolla (SC) as markers. Our analysis generated a list of 2,743 co-expressed genes. Many known SC-related and early oocyte development genes fell within the top 500 genes on this list, as ranked by the abundance and specificity of each gene's expression across individual analyses. We tested 526 available RNAi lines containing shRNA constructs in germline-compatible vectors representing 331 of the top 500 genes. We assessed targeted ovaries for SC formation and maintenance, oocyte specification, cyst development, and double-strand break dynamics. Six uncharacterized genes exhibited early developmental defects. SC and developmental defects were observed for additional genes not well characterized in the early ovary. Interestingly, in some lines with developmental delays, meiotic events could still be completed once oocyte specificity occurred indicating plasticity in meiotic timing. These data indicate that a transcriptomics approach can be used to identify genes involved in functions in a specific cell type in the Drosophila ovary.
Inflation in times of overlapping emergencies: Systemically significant prices from an input–output perspective
Authors: Weber Isabella M , Lara Jauregui Jesus , Teixeira Lucas , Nassif Pires Luiza
Published: February 2024

In the overlapping global emergencies of the pandemic, climate change and geopolitical confrontations, supply shocks have become frequent and inflation has returned. This raises the question of how sector-specific shocks are related to overall price stability. This paper simulates price shocks in an input–output model to identify sectors which present systemic vulnerabilities for monetary stability in the United States. We call these prices systemically significant. We find that in our simulations the pre-pandemic average price volatilities and the price shocks in the COVID-19 and Ukraine war inflation yield an almost identical set of systemically significant prices. The sectors with systemically significant prices fall into four groups: energy, basic production inputs other than energy, basic necessities, and commercial infrastructure. Specifically, they are “Petroleum and coal products,” “Oil and gas extraction,” “Utilities,” “Chemical products,” “Farms,” “Food and beverage and tobacco products,” “Housing,” and “Wholesale trade.” We argue that in times of overlapping emergencies, economic stabilization needs to go beyond monetary policy and requires institutions and policies that can target these systemically significant sectors.