bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Donald Trump, America First, dan Deglobalisasi: Bagaimana Kelanjutannya?
Authors: Putri Helsi Eka , Rivai Aspin Nur Arifin
Published: June 2019

Abstrak

Terpilihnya Donald Trump di satu sisi menjadi primadona bagi basis politik ultra kanan atau kadang disebut the looser of globalization, di sisi lain sebagai ancaman bagi pendukung globalisasi khususnya mereka (baik negara, kelompok pebisnis, dan masyarakat transnasional) yang khawatir atas menguatnya fenomena deglobalisasi. Fenomena Trump dan deglobalisasi menjadi perhatian artikel ini, dengan mengajukan pertanyaan kunci yaitu: mengapa di tengah globalisasi yang berlangsung, kebijakan luar negeri Trump justru menempuh pendekatan ekonomi politik proteksionis? Tulisan ini pada dasarnya menguji kembali relasi antar negara dan globalisasi dengan temuan bahwa keterpilihan Trump merupakan perluasan tren deglobalisasi yang sebelumnya berlangsung pasca Krisis Finansial Global 2008. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pola deduktif deskriptif. Data akan berbentuk data sekunder dan data primer.  Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa kebijakan Trump yang cenderung tertutup dalam kerjasama ekonomi-politik merupakan strategi rebalancing terhadap lawan utamanya yaitu China. Tulisan ini kemudian memprediksikan bahwa kebijakan ekonomi Trump dapat berkonstribusi pada AS sebagai negara superior yang semakin defisit. China lantas menjadi penyeimbang poros globalisasi (multilateral approach) disaat AS memilih proteksionis.

Kata kunci: America First, Deglobalisasi, Globalisasi , Krisis Finansial Global (KFG)

 

Abstract

The election of Donald Trump on the one hand is a prima donna for the ultra right political base or sometimes called the looser of globalization, on the other hand as a threat to supporters of globalization especially those who are concerned about the strengthening of the deglobalisation phenomenon (countries, business groups and transnational communities). Trump's phenomenon and deglobalisation are of concern to this article, by asking key questions, namely: why in the midst of the ongoing globalization, Trump's foreign policy has taken the approach of a protectionist political economy? This paper basically reexamines relations between countries and globalization with the finding that Trump's electability is an expansion of the previous globalization trend after the 2008 Global Financial Crisis. This paper uses qualitative methods with descriptive-deductive pattern. Data will be presented as secondary and primer. The results of this research show that Trump's policy which tends leaning to isolationism from political-economic cooperation is a rebalancing strategy towards its main opponents namely China. This paper then predicts that Trump's economic policies can contribute to the US as a superior country that is increasingly deficit. China then became the axis of balancing globalization (multilateral approach) when the US chose protectionism.

Keywords: America First, Deglobalisation, Globalization, Global Financial Crisis (GFC)
Factors Affecting the Studentsâ€™ Coping Strategy Dealing with National Nurse Competence Examination: Which are More Related?
Authors: Harjanto Totok , Pratiwi Widowati Budi , Puspasuci Sunika , Hapsari Lesiana Eka
Published: June 2019

National nurse competency examination (UKNI) aims to measure standards of nurses approved with Nurseâ€™s Register License. This examination could induce anxieties that affect studentsâ€™ readiness, performance and graduation. The objective of this study was to describe coping strategy in dealing with national nurse competency examination and its related factors which are anxiety and perception. A descriptive study was performed on 80 nursing students at clinical rotation nursing program who enrolled in March 2017â€™s nurse competency examination. German Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI-G), Perception Questionnaire and Coping Strategy Indicators (CSI) were used to measure exam anxiety, studentâ€™s perception and coping strategy respectively. The results show that regarding to studentsâ€™ perception, 37 students (46,3%) demonstrated good perception and the rest (58,7%) showed poor perception. Forty two students (52.5%) experienced low anxiety and the rest (47.5%) experienced high anxiety. In regards to coping strategy in dealing with competence examination, 44 students were in good category (55%), while 36 students (45%) were in poor category. This study implies that information about the national nurse competence examination should be provided as earlier as possible, so that students could make adequate preparation.
Stunting Status and Child Development on Children Ages 1-5 Years in The Public Health Centre of Padamara District Purbalingga
Authors: Ningrum Ema Wahyu , Utami Tin
Published: June 2019

The prevalence of stunting has increased from 35.6% in 2010 to 37.2% in 2013.

Children who suffer from stunting are at risk of delay in growth and development. The

purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between stunting and

development status of children under 5 years old. The research design was analytical

survey with cross sectional approach. The number of sample were 60 children under 5

years old who selected through quota sampling technique. Microtoase stature meter,

WHO anthro software and Denver sheet II were used to assess stunting and

development status of children. Data was analysed using distribution frequency, chi

square, fisher exact test, and Kolmogorov Smirnov. Result showed that there were no

significant correlation between stunting and gross motor, fine motor, social and

language development (p=0,649; p=1,000; p=1,000 and p=0.998 respectively). In

conclusion, there is no relationship between stunting status and child development.

However, mothers of children age less than 5 years old who suffers from stunting is

suggested to pay attention to the developmental aspect of their children by taking

regular screening and providing stimulation.
Quartet Card Games to Improve Knowledge, Behavior and Attitude of Children About Dental and Oral Health
Authors: Laila Nur , Tulloh Rizki Rachmat , Iswati Ning
Published: June 2019

Dental caries is a common problem in children. Health education by playing games is necessary to improve skills of children in dental care and oral health. Health education materials with quartet cards are presented in the form of pictures and interesting information. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of quartet card game method in improving knowledge and attitude about oral and dental health. The study used quasi experiment research with pre and post-test group designs. Samples were 56 children aged 8-10 years. Data analysis used paired sample-test. The results show that there was an increase in knowledge and attitude after health education using a quartet card game. Regarding knowledge, analysis showed t=13.635, p value = 0.000, Î±: 0.05, while on attitude aspect, analysis showed t= 9,352 and p-value = 0.000 Î±: 0.05. Quartet card game is effective to improve knowledge and attitude about dental care and oral health among children.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS, ENERGY INTAKE, CALCIUM AND THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF THE FEMALE ADOLESCENTS IN SURAKARTA
Authors: Nugroho Riezky Faisal , Hanim Diffah , Dewi Yulia Lanti Retno
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT

Female adolescents are at risk of nutrient deficiency. Adolescent stress can arise due toÂ  the social environmental factor called psychosocial stress. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between psychosocial stress, energy intake, calcium and the nutritional status of the female adolescents in Surakarta. The design of the research used was observational analytic with a cross-sectional design. The sample of this study was comprised of 166 students from 2 junior high schools in Surakarta City. The data of the psychosocial stress were collected using a Psychosocial Stress Assessment Instrument (IPSP). Then, the data of the energy intake and calcium were collected using 2x24-hour-recall questionnaire and nutrisurvey, and the nutritional status data were collected using the measurements of body weight (kg) and height (m). The data were then analysed using chi square. The results showed that there was a relationship (p < 0,05) between the psychosocial stress, energy intake, calcium and the nutritional status of the female adolescents in Surakarta.

Keywords: Psychosocial Stress, Energy Intake, Calcium, Nutritional Status, Female Adolescent
The Influence of Self-Tapping on Anxiety During Primary Menstrual Cramps in Female Students of PSIK, FK, UGM
Authors: Lismidiati Wiwin , Fidyasanti Neni , Nurkhasanah Nurkhasanah
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT

Background: Menstruation is a sign of puberty for female adolescents. The common menstrual disorder experienced by adolescent is called painful menstruation (primary dysmenorrhea). Primary dysmenorrhea triggers both physical and psychological symptoms. One of the psychological impacts is anxiety. Self-tapping is a non-pharmacological therapy which can reduce anxiety.

Aim: To figure out the effect of self tapping toward anxiety level among nursing students experiencing menstrual cramps.

Methods: This study was a quasy-experimental research with non equivalent pretest-posttest with control group. The total 60 respondents were divided into intervention and control group with 30 respondents each. Self tapping was practiced in intervention group, meanwhile deep breath was performed in control group. The instruments to measure anxiety were anxiety screening questionare and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). Wilcoxon statistical test was applied to compare the level of anxiety before and after the treatment in both groups. Besides, Mann Whitney satistical test was used to compare the effectiveness of both treatments in reducing the anxiety level in each group.

Results: The anxiety mean score of the intervention group decreased from 24,63 to 16,03 after self tapping (?=8,6; p=0,000), while the anxiety mean score of the control group decreased from 23,5 to 17,73 after the implementation of deep breath technique (?=5,77; p=0,000). There was a significant difference between self tapping and deep breath technique in reducing anxiety level (p-value=0.006).

Conclusion: Self tapping indeed has impact towards anxiety level among nursing students experiencing menstrual cramps.
PENGARUH TINGKAT KONSUMSI ENERGI, PROTEIN, LEMAK, DAN STATUS KECACINGAN TERHADAP STATUS GIZI PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI 01 LIMPAKUWUS
Authors: Manuhutu Rendy , Purnamasari Dyah Umiyarni , Dardjito Endo
Published: June 2019

School age is the important period of human life and the quality have to be prepared well. The school age children is susceptible to malnutrition. Malnutrition among school age children will implicatethe children�s development and further potential development in that age. Food consumption levels and worm infection status are the two most affected factors to nutritional status of children school. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of energy, protein, fat and worm inflectional status to the nutritional status of SDN 01 Limpakuwus�s student in Sumbang, Banyumas. This research was cross sectional study approach,used purposive sampling with inclusion and exclusion criteria in 44 respondents. Analysis conducted by univariate, bivariate (Spearman rank) and multivariate (multiple logistic regression).Multivariate analysis showed the variables that influenced nutritional status is the level of fat consumption (p=0.022), and the variable did not affect the nutritional status are the level of energy consumption (p=0.999), protein consumption level (p=0.580), and worm infection status (p = 0.661). The suggestion is to get more food that can fulfil the energy, protein, fat needs and make the canteen in the school becomes a healthy canteen that serves healthy and nutritious meal.
Chemokines are Underestimated in Preventing the Metastasizing and the Immune Elimination of Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Torensma Ruurd , Zusterzeel Petra
Published: June 2019

Nowadays the positive immune involvement in the eradication of tumor cells is assigned to the adaptive immune response. By awakening of in vivo responding T cells that are suppressed by the tumor and prevents immunological cure of the cancer. The adaptive immune response is a complex of different cells and protein molecules. Normally activated T cells are well-ordered by several late occurring inhibitors to contain the response to the unknown invaders and spare the normal cells. The tumor strengthens this inhibitory response to escape from immune elimination. Immunotherapy is to unleash the full capacity of the adaptive immune system by blocking this inhibitor response by monoclonal antibodies but with the potential drawback of autoimmune phenomena. Seen the success of the immunotherapy another feature of the immune system is overlooked. Cytokines and chemokines became in oblivion after their suspected necrosis of the tumor (TNF) did not fulfil their initial hope. When patients seek help for their complaints the ovarian cancer is in most cases already metastasized to the peritoneum and omentum. Here, we show that on the one hand chemokines produced by Th2, CD8 and NK cells inhibit cancer spreading and thus leads to a better operability and thus better survival. On the other hand, chemokine receptors are expressed by the tumor that are a decoy by binding chemokines that normally should attract antigen cross-presenting dendritic cells, which start an adaptive T cell response.
Life Cycle and Energy Assessment of Automotive Components Manufacturing: The Dilemma Between Aluminium and Cast Iron
Authors: Salonitis Konstantinos , Jolly Mark , Pagone Emanuele , Papanikolaou Michail
Published: June 2019

Considering the manufacturing of automotive components, there exists a dilemma around the substitution of traditional Cast Iron (CI) with lighter metals. Nowadays, aluminium alloys, being lighter compared to traditional materials, are considered as a more environmentally friendly solution. However, the energy required for the extraction of the primary materials and manufacturing of components is usually not taken into account in this debate. In this study, an extensive literature review has been performed to estimate the overall energy required for the manufacturing of an engine cylinder block using (a) cast iron and (b) aluminium alloys. Moreover, data from over 100 automotive companies, ranging from mining companies to consultancy firms, have been collected in order to support the soundness of this investigation. The environmental impact of the manufacturing of engine blocks made of these materials is presented with respect to the energy burden; the “cradle-to-grave approach” has been implemented to take into account the energy input of each stage of the component lifecycle starting from the resource extraction and reaching to the end-of-life processing stage. Our results indicate that although aluminium components contribute towards reduced fuel consumption during their use phase, the vehicle distance needed to be covered in order to compensate for the up-front energy consumption related to the primary material production and manufacturing phases is very high. Thus, the substitution of traditional materials with lightweight ones in the automotive industry should be very thoughtfully evaluated.
Speeding up the Karatsuba Algorithm
Authors: Ramakrishna Satish , Aiyer Kamesh
Published: June 2019

This paper describes an $\sim {\cal O}(n)$ pre-compute technique to speed up the Karatsuba algorithm for multiplying two numbers.
Controle jurisdicional da Administração Pública
Authors: Figueiredo Lúcia Valle
Published: June 2019

A autora traça um panorâma do controle judicial da Administração Pública no Brasil, abordando como ocorre e a efetividade dos atos administrativos e políticos.
O conceito jurídico de regulação da economia
Authors: Aragão Alexandre Santos de
Published: June 2019

O objetivo do presente trabalho é contribuir para a elaboração dogmática de um conceito oriundo da economia, mas que cada vez mais adquire sede jurídica, inclusive constitucional (CF/88, arts. 21, XI; 174, § 2º, III). Trata-se do conceito de regulação da economia, que tem sido utilizado até mesmo para qualificar uma série de entidades da Administração Pública incumbidas de regular determinados setores da economia - as Agências Reguladoras.
Os contratos aleatórios
Authors: Borges Nelson
Published: June 2019

O artigo tem por objeto realizar uma analise de uma espécie contratual prevista no anteprojeto do novo CCB: os contratos aleatórios.
As licitações e contratos das empresas estatais em face da EC 19/98 (reforma administrativa)
Authors: Mukai Toshio
Published: June 2019

O autor tem por objetivo analisar as principais alterações ou consequências que a reforma administrativa trouxe às licitações e contratos administrativos celebrados por empresas estatais
Direito Administrativo e o diagnóstico de seu tempo no Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Reck Janriê , Müller Bitencourt Caroline
Published: June 2019

Este artigo versa sobre o diagnóstico do tempo do Brasil e suas relações com o Direito Administrativo. Trata-se, portanto, de buscar elementos da atualidade dentro do Brasil – conectado que está, por óbvio, com a cultura ocidental. Disciplinarmente o trabalho toca praticamente todas as disciplinas, incluindo a Política e a Economia. Se a ideia é fazer um diagnóstico do tempo é claro que este tempo só se tornará compreensível a partir de diversas observações. O problema que move este trabalho é o de apontar quais linhas gerais de compreensão da sociedade podem ser traçadas, e quais paralelos podem ser feitos com as transformações do Direito Administrativo contemporâneo. A hipótese de que se parte é que vivemos em uma nova era de superstição, mesclada com um hiperindividualismo e um hipercapitalismo neoliberal em transição para uma crise profunda. Mudam as pessoas, a sociedade, a economia, o Estado e, evidentemente, o Direito Administrativo. Estas mudanças refletem em uma pobreza cultural, em indivíduos autoexplorados, em exacerbações do individualismo e finalmente até mesmo em uma superação dos ideais do iluminismo e do humanismo. O método de pesquisa é o dialético e a técnica de pesquisa a bibliográfica, a partir de um misto de referências de diferentes autores. Serão utilizados os conceitos de complexidade, de contingência e de tríade epistemológica de Edgar Morin, diferenciação, observação e sistemas de Luhmann, e compreensão, ação e racionalidade de Habermas, em uma matriz que se convencionou chamar de pragmático-sistêmica. Objetiva-se, de modo geral, estabelecer sentidos que ajudem a estabelecer teias de relações entre as diferentes tendências e suas consequências para o Direito Administrativo. Como linha matriz e condutora, abordar-se-ão dos temas das relações do Direito Administrativo com a pós-verdade, o hipercapitalismo, o hiperindividualismo, a autoexploração, o desalento, a pós-democracia e o Estado de exceção para finalmente culminar com o fim do humanismo no Direito.
O referendo como fase legislativa das emendas constitucionais
Authors: Salgado Eneida Desiree
Published: June 2019

1 Introdução - 2 Conceito jurídico e conceito político de Constituição - 3 O poder “constituinte” reformador - 4 As emendas constitucionais e a exigência de referendo - 5 Conclusão
O IPTU progressivo como instrumento de efetivação da função social da cidade no Brasil
Authors: Leal Rogério Gesta
Published: June 2019

1 Notas introdutórias - 2 A natureza jurídica e política do IPTU no sistema jurídico brasileiro - 3 Novos cenários normativos e hermenêuticos atinentes ao IPTU no Brasil - 4 A experiência do Município de Porto Alegre na Gestão do IPTU: aspectos de legalidade - 5 Considerações finais - Referências
A natureza jurídica da relação de trabalho entre o Estado e seus agentes no direito administrativo francês
Authors: Silveira Raquel Dias da
Published: June 2019

Introdução - 1 Função Pública - 1.1 Breves comentários sobre a noção de Função Pública - 1.2 Análise histórica do tratamento legal da matéria - 2 A classificação do pessoal da Administração Pública na França - 2.1 Agentes públicos - 2.1.1 Agentes públicos funcionários - 2.1.2 Agentes públicos não funcionários - 2.2 Agentes contratados pelo regime de Direito Privado - 3 Estudo sobre a natureza jurídica do vínculo de trabalho entre o Estado e o agente na França - 3.1 Regime estatutário ou legal - 3.2 Regime contratual - Conclusão - Referências
Responsabilidade fiscal e Parcerias Público-Privadas: o significado das diretrizes contidas no art. 4º da Lei nº 11079/04
Authors: Valle Vanice Lírio do
Published: June 2019

1 Considerações iniciais - 2 A responsabilidade fiscal como diretriz para a celebração de parceria público-privada — significado dessa opção - 3 Ainda a responsabilidade fiscal como diretriz para a opção pela parceria público-privada, e a repartição de riscos - 3.1 Alcance do conceito de risco referido pela Lei nº 11.079/04 - 3.2 A conciliação possível entre prevenção de risco de desequilíbrio das contas públicas e repartição objetiva dos mesmos - 4 A responsabilidade fiscal como diretriz para a execução de parceria públicoprivada - 5 À guiza de conclusão - Bibliografia
A regulação e a regulação neoliberal
Authors: Motta Paulo Roberto Ferreira
Published: June 2019

Introdução – A regulação como ideologia – A crise (ou a morte) do Estado Social – A transferência de modelos jurídicos – A fuga do direito administrativo – “O poder regulador” e a função regulatória – A função regulatória – A delegificação – Conclusão
Por um conceito contemporâneo de democracia
Authors: Galvão Rodrigo
Published: June 2019

Introdução - 1 A democracia como procedimentos e instituições - 2 A democracia como administração do conflito e da incerteza - 3 A democraciacomo expressão política do sujeito - 4 Síntese das três concepções
Democracia, direitos humanos e proteção ao meio ambiente no contexto da integração regional
Authors: Gomes Eduardo Biacchi
Published: June 2019

Proteção ao meio ambiente e desenvolvimento sustentável, cada vez mais, ganham destaque no contexto da integração regional. O presente artigo aborda dois famosos casos do Tribunal Permanente de Revisão, queenvolvem temas relevantes no cenário internacional: a democracia e a proteção aos direitos humanos.
Jurisdição constitucional, democracia e liberdade de expressão: análise do caso Ellwanger
Authors: Honório Cláudia , Krol Heloísa
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo analisa a relação entre jurisdição constitucional, democracia e liberdade de expressão em um contexto democrático. Para analisar essa relação, foi escolhido o paradigmático “caso Ellwanger”, julgado pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal brasileiro em 2003.
Editorial Team 12, 1
Authors: Keyms Gillian
Published: June 2019

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Editorial
Authors: Walker Simon
Published: June 2019

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‘Livin and Learnin’, Tellin’ stories, Challengin’ narratives: Critical reflections on engaging students from marginalised groups in academic research activities.
Authors: Owusu-Kwarteng Louise
Published: June 2019

Student engagement in academic research, is a necessary facet of their university experience.  This promotes research cultures, links students to our research activities, and facilitates employability skills, such as public speaking and presenting information concisely (Healey and Jenkins 2009). This paper critically reflects upon how this happens in our ‘Applied Sociology’ research group, which includes Sociologists from various disciplines (e.g Sociology, Business etc) and was established to enhance our research environment for the REF. Our research incorporates everyday lived social realities of diverse/ marginalised groups.Everyday social/lived realities include educational experiences. The Applied Sociology research group, thus encourages students to explore these issues and write/present research papers at relevant symposia. Our recent event entitled ‘Livin and Learnin’ : Critical reflections on educational journeys in relation to social identity’ exemplifies this. Students’ from diverse social backgrounds gave papers on their educational autobiographies. BAME students’ stories were of particular interest, given persistent experiences of marginalisation and longstanding negative narratives concerning their attitudes to education/ attainment levels. Their accounts demonstrated how they overcame these issues and, in their ways, challenged dominant perspectives
SOBRE LA CALIFICACIÓN DE LA VÁLIDA CONSTITUCIÓN DE LA JUNTA GENERAL EN EL ACTA NOTARIAL DEL ARTÍCULO 203 DEL TRLSC.
Authors: Gómez-Riesco Tabernero de Paz Juan
Published: June 2019

Dado el carácter fundamental de los requisitos formales y sustantivos de la celebración de la junta de socios para la validez de la misma y de sus acuerdos, una de las cuestiones prácticas que resulta preciso abordar en detalle es, ante sus posibles defectos, cuál es el alcance de la declaración de validez de la constitución de la junta general realizada por su presidente - mención que, necesariamente, debe formar parte del acta notarial de la junta del artículo 203 del texto refundido de la Ley de Sociedades de Capital, aprobado por Real Decreto Legislativo de 1/2010, de 2 de julio (en adelante “TRLSC”), según el artículo 102.1.2ª del  Reglamento del Registro Mercantil, aprobado por Real Decreto Real Decreto 1784/1996, de 19 de julio (en adelante “RRM”)-.
LA EVOCACIÓN DE UNA DENOMINACIÓN DE ORIGEN A TRAVÉS DE SIGNOS GRÁFICOS.
Authors: Pomares Caballero Mario
Published: June 2019

La sentencia del TJUE de 2 de mayo de 2019, en el asunto C-614/17, supone un avance importantísimo en la interpretación del concepto de evocación de una  denominación de origen o indicación geográfica, proscrita por el artículo 13 del Reglamento 1151/2012 , sobre la protección de las indicaciones geográficas y de las denominaciones de origen de los productos agrícolas y alimenticios.
Relation among ecological affect, concern, and knowledge and purchase behavior: a study regarding Mexican consumers
Authors: Larios-Gómez Emigdio , Fischer Laura
Published: June 2019

The aim of the research was to analyze the sustainability and social development, in the search for the relationship between the constructs: Ecological Affection (EA), Ecological Awareness (EC), and Ecological Knowledge (EK), and green purchasing behavior (GPB) in consumers - as a single field of application, which should not be analyzed for companies, public persons, places, or brands. This is a quantitative descriptive study in a sample of 1,550 consumers - 96% of them valid - chosen according to convenience criteria - men and women between 21 and 55 years of age -, carried out during the first half of 2015 in Mexico, in the states of Puebla, Tlaxcala, Guanajuato, San Luis Potosí, Tabasco, and Querétaro, with the personal application of questionnaires using the Likert scale. Regarding the measurement of dependent and independent variables, we used various subscales that make up the revised environmental attitudes and knowledge scale (EAKS) from Maloney et al. (1975).As a result, it was found that the consumer in Mexico presents a positive attitude towards the purchase of organic products and is even willing to stop buying from those companies that contribute to pollution.
Markedly Increased Ocular Side Effect Causing Severe Vision Deterioration After Chemotherapy Using New or Investigational Epidermal or Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors.
Authors: Shin Eunhae , Lim Dong Hui , Han Jisang , Nam Do-Hyun , Park Keunchil , Ahn Myung-Ju , Kang Won Ki , Lee Jeeyun , Ahn Jin-Seok , Lee Se-Hoon , Sun Jong-Mu , Jung Hyun Ae , Chung Tae-Young
Published: June 2019

Background

To describe corneal epithelial changes after using epidermal (EGFR) or fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitors as chemotherapy and to clarify incidence and prognosis.

Materials

Retrospective chart review.

Results

Among 6,871 patients and 17 EGFR or FGFR inhibitors, authors identified five EGFR inhibitors and two FGFR inhibitors that cause such corneal lesions. Unlike other old EGFR agents with rare ocular complications, Vandetanib, Osimertinib, and 3 EGFR agents under clinical trial (ABT-414, ASP5878, FPA144) caused vortex keratopathy in nine patients and ASP5878 and FPA144, the FGFR inhibitors of clinical trial caused epithelial changes resembling corneal dysmaturation in three patients. ABT-414 showed a remarkably short interval from the start of therapy to initiation of keratopathy. After excluding deceased patients, or were lost to follow-up or were still undergoing treatment, we confirmed the reversibility of corneal lesions after discontinuation of each agent. Although patients diagnosed with glioblastoma used prophylactic topical steroids before and during ABT-414 therapy, all developed vortex keratopathy.

Conclusions

EGFR and FGFR inhibitors are well known chemotherapy agents and could make corneal epithelial changes. Contrary to low probability of ocular complication with old EGFR drugs, recently introduced EGFR and FGFR agents showed high incidence of ocular complication with severe vision distortion. Doctors should forewarn patients planning chemotherapy with EGFR or FGFR inhibitors that decreased visual acuity could develop due to corneal epithelial changes, and also reassure them that the condition is reversible after the end of treatment without the use of steroid eye drops.
Comparison of the clinical benefits for non-small cell lung cancer patients between different volume of pleural lavage fluid following video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy and systematic mediastinal lymph node dissection: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhou Jian , Liu Chengwu , Man Shulei , Lyu Mengyuan , Liao Hu , Chen Nan , Cheng Yuhui , Liu Lunxu
Published: June 2019

Background: Pleural lavage is regularly performed before closing the chest wall in pulmonary surgery to prevent pleural implantation of tumor cells and postoperative infection. However, no proper regimen of pleural lavage is available now. To establish a reliable procedure of pleural lavage, we designed this prospective, randomized controlled, single-center clinical trial. Methods: A total of 400 participants with the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy and systematic mediastinal lymph node dissection (MLND) will be randomly assigned into 2 groups: Group A (500ml pleural lavage fluid) and Group B (3000ml pleural lavage fluid). The primary outcomes include the plasma levels of leukocytes, neutrophils, inflammatory factors, and the incidence of postoperative fever. The secondary outcomes are as follows: volumes of thoracic drainage and total drainage 1 day, 2 days, 3 days after operation; drainage time; postoperative hospitalization; perioperative complications; the incidence of pleural effusion requiring thoracic puncture or drainage within 30 days after surgery. The main content of the analysis is effectiveness and safety analysis. And we will perform subgroup analysis to identify potential influence factors. Discussion: This first randomized controlled trial was expected to compare the clinical outcomes between different volume of pleural lavage fluid following VATS and MLND, and provide us evidence to develop a standardized procedure of pleural lavage before closing thoracic cavity in lung cancer operation. Trial registration number: This study has been registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR 1900021950) on 17 March 2019. The URL of the trial registry record is http://www.chictr.org.cn/listbycreater.aspx.
Music to improve sleep quality in adults with depression related insomnia (MUSTAFI): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lund Helle Nystrup , Pedersen Inge Nygaard , Johnsen Søren Paaske , Heymann-Szlachcinska Agnieszka Maria , Tuszewska Maryla , Bizik Gustav , Larsen Jens Ivar , Kulhay Eszter , Larsen Anelia , Grønbech Bettina Ellen , Østermark Helle , Borup Heidi , Valentin Jan Brink , Mainz Jan
Published: June 2019

Background Insomnia is a common sleep disorder for adults with depression with major impact on the quality of life. Previous trials suggest that music listening may be helpful in the treatment of sleep disturbances in healthy populations including students and elderly. In addition, small studies with clinical populations of traumatized refugees, adults with chronic insomnia and adults with depression insomnia add to the evidence base. However, the impact of music listening in the treatment of depression related insomnia is not well documented. Objective To examine the efficacy of music listening on sleep quality, symptoms of depression and quality of life in adults with depression related insomnia. Method A single center randomized controlled trial (RCT) in a two arm parallel group design is conducted and reported according to the Consort guidelines. The trial consists of an experimental group and a standard care control group. Both groups receive standard treatment for depression following Danish guidelines in an outpatient unit in psychiatry. The experimental group listen to music minimum 30 minutes at bedtime in four weeks. Discussion This study will provide information on the efficacy of music intervention as a non-pharmacological intervention in the treatment of depression related insomnia. This study will provide novel knowledge concerning music medicine as an evidence based treatment of depression in psychiatry. Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov. ID NCT03676491, registered on 19th of September 2018.
Indirect impact of violent events on Emergency Department utilization and disease patterns
Authors: Hitti Eveline , Makhlouf-Obermeyer Carla , Sharara Eman
Published: June 2019

Background

The health effects of war and armed conflict on casualties and mental health of those directly exposed has been well described, but few studies have explored the indirect health effects of violent events. This paper assesses the indirect health impact of several violent events that took place in Beirut in 2013-2014 on ED visit utilization and disease patterns.

Methods

As tracked by media reports, there were 9 violent events in Beirut during 2013-2014. We compared visits to the Emergency Department of a major medical center during weeks when violent events happened and weeks without such events (the preceding week and the same week in preceding years). After re-coding de-identified data from the medical records of 23,067 patients, we assessed differences in the volume of visits, severity index, and discharge diagnoses. Individual control charts were used to analyze ED visit trends post-event.

Results

Comparisons of weeks with violent events and weeks without such events indicate that the socio-demographic characteristics of patients who visited the Emergency Department were similar. Patients seen during violent weeks were significantly more likely to be admitted to the hospital, and to have a lower emergency severity index, indicating greater acuity of their conditions. The discharge diagnoses that were significantly higher during violent event weeks included anxiety disorders, sprains, and gastritis. Daily ED visits dropped post events.

Conclusions

The results indicate that violent events such as bombs, explosions, and terrorist attacks reverberate through the population, impact patterns of ED utilization immediately post-event and are associated with adverse health outcomes, even among those who are not directly affected by the events.
The Effect of Single High-dose Buprenorphine on Opioid Craving and Relapse
Authors: Ahmadi Jamshid , SefidfardJahromi Mina , Ghahremani Dara , London Edythe D.
Published: June 2019

Background: Buprenorphine, a treatment for Opioid Use Disorder, has liability for diversion and abuse. Use of single high doses of buprenorphine that are supervised avoid issues with diversion that occur with unsupervised or take home doses. Such doses have the potential to act as an initial opioid detox, facilitate transition to opioid antagonists or drug free treatments, as well as to maintenance treatment. Objective: To assess effects of a single, physician-administered high dose of buprenorphine on craving and on early relapse. Method: Sixty men who used heroin, opium or prescription opioids and met DSM-5 criteria for Opioid Use Disorder received a single, sublingual dose of buprenorphine (32 mg, 64 mg or 96 mg; n’s = 20, 21, and 19) as inpatients on a psychiatric unit. Buprenorphine was administered when patients were in moderate opioid withdrawal (4-5 symptoms). Self-reports of craving were taken at baseline and daily for the next 13 days, and relapse was assessed 1 and 2 months. Findings: Craving was reduced from baseline in each of the three groups (p < 0.0005), but the doseXtime interaction did not reach statistical significance (p= 0.069). Follow-up assessments at 1- and 2-months indicated significantly lower relapse rates for the higher-dose groups than for the low-dose group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: A single high dose of buprenorphine provides rapid relief of opioid craving and positively impacts relapse rate in the initial 1- and 2-months of outpatient treatment. Further investigation of single high-dose buprenorphine for early treatment of patients with Opioid Use Disorder is warranted as an alternative when buprenorphine/naloxone or long-acting buprenorphine dosage forms are not available.
A mutation in the filamin c gene causes myofibrillar myopathy with lower motor neuron syndrome: a case report
Authors: Chen Juanjuan , Wu Jun , Han ChunXi , Li Yao , Guo Yuzu , Tong Xiaoxin
Published: June 2019

Background: Myofibrillar myopathies (MFMs) are a genetically heterogeneous group of muscle disorders. Mutations in the filamin C gene (FLNC) have previously been identified in patients with MFM. The phenotypes of FLNC-related MFM are heterogeneous. Case presentation: The patient was a 37-year-old male who first experienced weakness in the distal muscles of his hand, which eventually spread to the lower limbs and proximal muscles. Serum creatine kinase levels were moderately elevated. Obvious neuropathic changes in the electromyographic exam and edema changes in lower distal limb magnetic resonance imaging were observed. Histopathological examination revealed the presence of abnormal protein aggregates and angular atrophy in some muscle fibers. Ultrastructural analysis showed inordinate myofibrillar structures and dissolved myofilaments. DNA sequencing analysis detected a heterozygous missense mutation (c.7123G>A, p.V2375I) in the immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain 21 of FLNC. Conclusions: FLNC mutation c.7123G>A, p.V2375I in the immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain 21 can be associated with distal myopathy with typical MFM features and lower motor neuron syndrome. Although electromyographic examination of our patient showed obvious neuropathic changes, MFM could not be excluded. Therefore, genetic testing is necessary to make an accurate diagnosis.
Transcriptional characterisation of the Exaiptasia pallida pedal disc
Authors: Davey Peter A , Clarke Jessica L , Rodrigues Marcelo , Aldred Nick
Published: June 2019

Background
Biological adhesion (bioadhesion), enables organisms to attach to surfaces as well as to a range of other targets. Bioadhesion evolved numerous times independently and is ubiquitous throughout the kingdoms of life. To date, investigations have focussed on various taxa of animals, plants and bacteria, but the fundamental processes underlying bioadhesion and the degree of conservation in different biological systems remain poorly understood. This study had two aims: 1) To characterise tissue-specific gene regulation in the pedal disc of the model cnidarian Exaiptasia pallida, and 2) to elucidate putative genes involved in pedal disc adhesion.

Results
Five hundred and forty-seven genes were differentially expressed in the pedal disc compared to the rest of the animal. Four hundred and twenty-seven genes were significantly upregulated and one hundred and twenty genes were significantly downregulated. Forty-one condensed gene ontology terms and 19 protein superfamily classifications were enriched in the pedal disc. Eight condensed gene ontology terms and 11 protein superfamily classifications were depleted. Enriched superfamilies were consistent with classifications identified previously as important for the bioadhesion of unrelated marine invertebrates. A host of genes involved in regulation of extra cellular matrix generation and degradation were identified, as well as others related to development and immunity. Ab initio prediction identified 173 upregulated genes that putatively code for extracellularly secreted proteins.

Conclusion
The analytical workflow facilitated identification of genes putatively involved in adhesion, immunity, defence and development of the E. pallida pedal disc. When defence, immunity and development-related genes were identified, those remaining corresponded most closely to formation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), implicating ECM in the adhesion of anemones to surfaces. This study therefore provides a valuable high-throughput resource for the bioadhesion community and lays a foundation for further targeted research to elucidate bioadhesion in the Cnidaria.
Photosynthetic Characterization and Response to Drought and Temperature in Wild Asparagus (Asparagus acutifolius L.)
Authors: Mantovani Dario , Rosati Adolfo , Perrone Domenico
Published: June 2019

The wild asparagus species Asparagus acutifolius L. is widespread in Mediterranean and subtropical environments, where its spears are consumed regularly. The species is known to have ecophysiologic plasticity, however there is no literature on this subject. This work aimed at assessing the photosynthetic characteristics of this wild species of asparagus, grown under full light (FL) and partial (i.e., about 40%) light (PL) conditions, and evaluating its ecophysiologic response to drought and temperature stress. The photosynthetic response to light of spears and of new cladodes (NC; current year) and old cladodes (OC; previous year) was measured using an infrared gas analyzer coupled with a climatized cuvette chamber. Cladodes net photosynthesis at high irradiance was also measured at varying air temperatures and decreasing soil water availability. Results indicate that developing spears were photosynthetically active with no difference between FL and PL treatments. Photosynthetic rates did not differ between NCs and OCs and were greater for FL cladodes, except at low irradiance. Well-watered plants were photosynthetically active from 0 to 45 °C, with a maximum photosynthetic rate of up to 9 µmol·m–2·s–1 at 30 °C and a decrease of about 60% at 45 °C. The species also demonstrated high tolerance to drought, with positive net photosynthesis even at predawn leaf water potential values of –2.4 MPa. Showing great ecophysiologic plasticity, this wild asparagus could be an interesting species in areas were conventional crop species are not profitable economically, or as an intercrop in agroforestry systems.
Quality and Nutritional Compounds of Prunus Cerasus L. Var. Austera Fruit Grown in Central Italy
Authors: Proietti Simona , Moscatello Stefano , Villani Fiorella , Mecucci Federica , Walker Robert P. , Famiani Franco , Battistelli Alberto
Published: June 2019

Key nutritional characteristics of the fruit flesh of 41 sour cherries growing in the region of Umbria in central Italy have been determined. Fruit size, flesh dry matter content, nonstructural carbohydrates, organic acids, and anthocyanins were the analyzed parameters. Both the growing environment and genotype were statistically significant for most of the characteristics. Morello sour cherries were characterized by a large amount of sorbitol (up to 44.2 mg·g−1 FW), which contributed significantly to the dry matter content of the flesh, malic acid content that was higher (up to 48.4 mg·g−1 FW) than any published values for cherry flesh, and high anthocyanin content (up to 383.4 mg per 100 g FW). Cyanidin 3-glucosyl rutinoside was the most abundant compound. The analyzed germplasm could be the basis for breeding programs and new industrial products with high nutritional value.
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza and Plant Growth-promoting Bacteria Alleviate Drought Stress in Walnut
Authors: Behrooz Azadeh , Vahdati Kourosh , Rejali Farhad , Lotfi Mahmoud , Sarikhani Saadat , Leslie Charles
Published: June 2019

Drought stress is one of the main constraints limiting worldwide crop production. Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) such as Azotobacter chroococcum and Azospirillium lipofrum have been shown to alleviate drought stress effects. Therefore, the interaction effect of AM fungi [Glomus mosseae, G. etunicatum, and a mix of these (G. mix), and PGPB bacteria (Azotobacter chroococcum + Azospirillium lipofrum)] was investigated in 1-year-old walnut seedlings (cv. Chandler) under normal and drought stress conditions. Drought stress reduced growth (plant height, root length, number of leaves, and fresh weight) and leaf nutrient content (N, P, and Zn) significantly of walnut plants. In contrast, proline, total soluble sugar, starch peroxidase enzyme activity, and total phenolic content of walnut leaves increased under this stress. Application of fungi or bacteria, and especially their simultaneous use, alleviated the negative effects of drought stress on walnut seedlings. AM fungi and PGPB increased significantly the content of some metabolites, including total phenolic content, proline level, peroxidase activity, total soluble sugar, and starch content as well as peroxidase enzyme activity. This led to an increase in walnut plant growth under the drought stress condition. Among AM fungi, G. etunicatum was more effective in reducing drought stress symptoms than either G. mosseae or the G. mix of fungi. In conclusion, use of G. etunicatum, along with PGPB, can reduce negative effects of drought stress on walnut seedlings.
Identifying the Structural Features of Diphenyl Ether Analogues for InhA Inhibition: A 2D and 3D QSAR Based Study
Authors: Tiwari Ashutosh Prasad , Giliyar Varadaraj Bhat , Shenoy Gurypur Gautham , Eshwara Vandana Kalwaja
Published: June 2019

Background:

Enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) is a validated target for
Mycobacterium. It is an enzyme which is associated with the biosynthesis of mycolic acids in type II
fatty acid synthase system. Mycobacterial cell wall majorly comprises mycolic acids, which are
responsible for virulence of the microorganism. Several diphenyl ether derivatives have been known
to be direct inhibitors of InhA.

Objective:

In the present work, a Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) study was
performed to identify the structural features of diphenyl ether analogues which contribute to InhA
inhibitory activity in a favourable way.

Method:

Both 2D and 3D QSAR models were built and compared. Several fingerprint based 2D
QSAR models were generated and their relationship with the structural features was studied. Models
which corroborated the inhibitory activity of the molecules with their structural features were
selected and studied in detail.

Results:

A 2D-QSAR model, with dendritic fingerprints having regression coefficient, for test set
molecules Q2 =0.8132 and for the training set molecules, R2 =0.9607 was obtained. Additionally, an
atom-based 3D-QSAR model with Q2 =0.7697 and R2 =0.9159 was also constructed.

Conclusion:

The data reported by various models provides guidance for the designing of structurally
new diphenyl ether inhibitors with potential activity against InhA of M. tuberculosis.