bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental study of a turnstile aperiodic HF-band antenna with a terminal load in the form of a near ground four-arm spiral antenna
Authors: Kostychov Yu.A. , Krivaltsevich S.V. , Maynenger K.A. , Buchelnikov A.V. , Bokov A.V.
Published: November 2024

It is known that the energy characteristics of four-arm spiral near ground antennas with internal power supply (at the geometric center) vary significantly depending on the order of excitation of their inputs. When excitation of the arms of such antennas in the cross-polarization mode, their efficiency of radiating electromagnetic waves decreases by an order of magnitude or more; the article proposes an excitation method that is free of this drawback. The aim of the article is an experimental study of the comparative effectiveness of a near ground four-arm spiral antenna of the HF-band and the antenna system it is part of, when changing its excitation type (from internal to external) and mode (main and cross-polarization). A detailed description of the design of the antenna system and the method of implementing the excitation of its emitters are proposed. The proposed design of a phase-shifting device based on a Butler matrix can be used for effective electromagnetic waves radiation or reception by an antenna system of both right and left circular polarization. The results of the analysis of methods for excitation of a near ground four-arm spiral antenna presented in the article can be used in the design or modernization of antenna systems of ionosondes or radio centers with increasing their efficiency.
How to use the impossible map – Considerations for a rigorous exploration of Digital Twins of the Earth
Authors: Reinecke Robert , Pianosi Francesca , Wagener Thorsten
Published: November 2024

The term “Digital Twins of the Earth” has rocketed into scientific use and policymaker discourse by promising a virtual replica of our planet. While the potential of a digital representation of reality is captivating for environmental monitoring, decision-making, and scientific inquiry, the term lacks a clear and shared definition and may be misleading. It conceals that all digital representations are models and, as such, will always be detached from reality. Detailed simulation models are excellent digital laboratories that allow us to interrogate our theories about the world in ways otherwise not possible, given the limited scales at which we can run real-world experiments, yet a perfect representation of reality is impossible as it would be exactly as complex. As we embark on the journey of building such detailed models, one question we must ask is, "How can we ensure that they can be explored with scientific rigor?" Here, we discuss possible ways to utilize a model's internal variability to understand its dominant controls to increase our understanding of both the models we build and the world that they represent.
Unlocking Customer Loyalty in Indonesian Local Coffee Shops: An In-depth Analysis of The Influential Factors
Authors: Silalahi Rudy Vernando , Novenson Novenson
Published: November 2024

Research aims: The purpose of this study is to investigate and assess the impact of various factors on customer loyalty within Indonesian local coffee shops. Specifically, the research aims to explore how value co-creation, product quality, store ambiance, and service quality influence consumer satisfaction. Additionally, the study will examine the relationships among switching costs, customer loyalty, and trust, as well as the mechanisms by which switching costs and trust affect loyalty through the mediating role of satisfaction. Through this comprehensive analysis, the study seeks to provide insights into the dynamics of customer loyalty in the coffee shop industry.Design/Methodology/Approach: In this study, the main quantitative research method was cross-sectional surveys. The hypotheses were assessed using SEM-PLS and Smart PLS.Research findings: The research findings provide valuable insights related to the factors that influence consumer loyalty in the local coffee shop industry in Indonesia, emphasizing the importance of customer satisfaction, switching costs, trust, and the role of mediating factors in fostering long-term loyalty among customersTheoretical Contribution/Originality: The theoretical contribution and originality of the study lie in its exploration of value co-creation, mediating factors, empirical analysis techniques, localized context, and practical implications within the context of consumer loyalty in local coffee shops in Indonesia. These aspects contribute to advancing knowledge in the field of consumer behavior and loyalty within the coffee shop industry.Practitioners/Policy Implications: By implementing these practical implications, practitioners and policymakers in the coffee shop industry can enhance customer satisfaction, build loyalty, and create a competitive advantage in the market. These recommendations aim to improve customer experiences, strengthen relationships, and drive business growth in the local coffee shop sector in Indonesia.Research Limitations/Implications: The research model may have limitations in capturing the full complexity of customer loyalty dynamics. Including additional variables or exploring different theoretical frameworks could provide a more comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing loyalty.
Impact of Kangaroo mother care plus massage therapy on growth of preterm low birth weight infants at discharge
Authors: Akter Sonia , Perveen Jahanara , Ferdousi Farhana , Yasmin Faria , Hossain M. Arif , Afreen Shazia , Dey Sanjoy Kumer
Published: November 2024

Background: To assess the impact of kangaroo mother care plus massage therapy on growth of preterm low birth weight infants at discharge.
Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted in Department of Neonatology in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University over a period of 15 months from March 2022 to June 2023. Total 122 newborns were admitted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of BSMMU during the study period with birth weight 800g to <2000g and gestational age 28 weeks to <34 weeks were enrolled in the study after getting informed written consent from parents or caregiver. Infants with major congenital anomalies were excluded from this study. All data were analyzed by statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25 (IBM, USA).
Results: Total 122 newborns were admitted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of BSMMU during the study period with birth weight 800g to <2000 g. Among them, 80 infants fulfilled inclusion criteria. Growth was significantly better in KMC plus massage therapy group. Mean weight gain per kg per day in KMC plus massage therapy group was 13.34±10.20 g and it was nearly half in KMC group 6.18±11.84 g only (p-value-0.01). Increase in length was 0.95±0.62 cm in KMC plus massage therapy group vs KMC group 0.66±0.49 cm (p-value-0.04). Increase in OFC was 0.59±0.29 cm in KMC plus massage therapy group vs KMC group 0.42±0.33 cm at discharge (p-value-0.03). Hospital stay in KMC group was 6.36±3.52 days, alternatively it was more 8.33±2.39 days in KMC plus massage therapy group. The dissimilarity was statistically significant (p-value-0.01) Study implication: Massage therapy potentiates benefits of kangaroo mother care in respect to better growth, so massage can be added along with KMC for better outcome.
Conclusions: Massage therapy added to KMC is more effective than KMC alone in improving growth, although it did not affect the hospital stay.
Assessment of level and source of stress in mothers of newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care unit in tertiary care hospital
Authors: Basamma  , Patil Basavaraj M. , Meenakshi Nayanatalli , Itagi Rudrakshi
Published: November 2024

Background: The hospitalization of a neonate is stressful for the mother and all family members Severe stress can affect mother–baby relationship and thus affect newborn development subsequently. The parent-infant bonding process during the newborn period establishes the foundation a lifelong relationship. This process is affected when the newborn spends the first several weeks in NICU. Quantifying stress levels of parents and identifying environmental stressor is useful in assisting the health personnel in improving the quality of medical care. To study the level and source of stress in mothers of Newborns admitted in the Neonatal intensive care unit and to quantify the stress levels by parental stressor scale.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study included 400 mothers of newborn babies admitted in NICU of Basaveshwar Hospital and Sangameshwar hospital attached to Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College, Kalaburgi with semi structured validated interview-based questionnaire consisting of parenteral stressor scale: NICU (PSS: NICU) comprising three subscales and questions related to maternal and neonatal characteristics will be used.
Results: Among the study population the mean stress score was maximum in parental role domain of PSS: NICU stress scale. The maternal stress was higher among preterm and non-breast-fed babies in looks and behaviour and parental role. Maternal stress was statistically significant among rural, illiterate and home maker participants in all 3 domains.
Conclusions: NICU mothers are under significant stress and appropriate counselling targeted towards specific stressors is required and before designing remediation programs for parents, local demography and the predominant NICU stressors need to be kept in mind. maternal stress, neonatal intensive care unit environment, baby looks and behaves.
Demographic profile of diarrhoea in malnourished children
Authors: Mahajan Anirudh , Dhar Sharvil , Mehta Abhijay , Sharma Harsh V. , Gupta Ravinder K.
Published: November 2024

Background: Diarrhoeal illnesses impair both weight and height gains, with the most pronounced impacts observed in cases of recurrent episodes. Malnutrition can exacerbate diminished human performance, hinder physical growth, and retard cognitive development, and it is concomitant with increased frequency, duration, and severity of diarrhoeal events. The interrelationship between diarrhoea and malnutrition is intricately linked to factors related to water, sanitation, and hygiene, albeit through distinct pathophysiological mechanisms. Recurrent diarrhoeal episodes, infections, and inadequate hygiene practices can exacerbate these outcomes. Essentially, each diarrhoeal episode exacerbates nutritional deficits and fluid loss, thereby intensifying the severity of both malnutrition and dehydration. Aims and objectives were to identify and describe the demographic profile of malnourished children who experience diarrhoea, including age, sex, birth order and immunization status and to evaluate the impact of demographic variables on the severity of diarrhoea in malnourished children.
Methods: The present observational study was carried out in Outpatient department as well as inpatient department in department of pediatrics at Acharya Shri Chander College of Medical Sciences and Hospitals after obtaining ethical permission from institution with reference no. ASCOMS/IEC/2024/Meeting-II/FM/15, over a period of six months, w.e.f. 01 January 2024 to 31 June 2024. A total of 260 malnourished children were included in the study after obtaining the informed consent from their parents/guardians.
Results: In our study out of 260 malnourished children of age group 6 months to 5 years, 125 had diarrhoeal disease in which 76 (60.8%) were male and 49 (39.2%) were females with  male  to  female  ratio was 1.55:1 and majority of the study subjects were in the age  group of 1-2 years (60%), followed by 6-12 months (24%), followed by 2-5 years (16%) and out of 76 male malnourished children who had diarrhoea, 52.6% were found to have grade II Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) classification of malnutrition followed by 21%, 18.4% and 8% have grade III, grade I and grade IV respectively whereas out of 49 malnourished female child who had diarrhoea, 34.7% were having grade I IAP classification of malnutrition whereas grade II and grade III were found almost similar numbers 26.5% and 24.5% respectively and 14.3% had grade IV IAP classification of malnutrition.
Conclusions: The present study concluded that the malnutrition engenders diarrhoeal manifestations through a variety of mechanisms, while diarrhoea, in turn, exacerbates the degradation of nutritional status. Moreover, 13.6% of cases of diarrhoea becomes chronic has significant implication and highlights the need of early intervention and effective management strategies to prevent acute cases from developing into chronic.
Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of herby angel tummy roll-on in managing infantile colic: a case series
Authors: Bajpai Ajay , Ramamurthy Swathi , Rao Arpitha C.
Published: November 2024

Infantile colic is a benign condition of the second or third week of life characterized by abdominal discomfort. Infantile colic is characterized by persistent and unconsolable crying in an otherwise healthy and well-fed infant. About 20% of the newborn babies and infants are affected by this condition. This condition distress and challenges caregivers, leading to 10% to 20% of paediatric provider visits during the first few weeks of their lives. Current management options are limited and often involve oral administration which can be challenging for the caregivers. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of the Herby Angel Tummy Roll-On, a topical treatment containing natural ingredients like Asafoetida, Ajwain, Rock salt, etc., designed to alleviate colic symptoms through a non-invasive approach. Four infants with recurrent colic episodes were monitored over one month, assessing improvements using the FLACC scale and other parameters such as frequency of interruptions, episodes of colic, and skin reactions. Significant improvements in symptoms were observed within a short duration, with no adverse skin reactions. The findings of this study suggest that the product effectively alleviated abdominal distension and pain, leading to a marked reduction in sleep disturbances in infants. It has a positive short-term effect on infantile colic.
Successful biventricular assist device Berlin heart implantation leading to heart transplant in a complicated pediatric case: an experience from a single center
Authors: Rizvi Kashif , Tsai Felix W. , Hakami Emad , Aldabaan Ghada , Ali Majid
Published: November 2024

The use of the Berlin heart EXCOR ventricular assist device (VAD) as a bridge to heart transplantation in pediatric patients has become increasingly widespread. This case report presents a detailed account of the successful implantation of a biventricular assist device (BIVAD) Berlin heart device in a complex pediatric case at the esteemed King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center. The patient, diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and Kawasaki disease, underwent a series of interventions and treatments before requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support and subsequently receiving the Berlin heart device. The post-implantation period was marked by significant challenges, including instances of bleeding and clot formation, necessitating multiple interventions and careful management. Ultimately, a heart transplant was performed; however, the patient encountered humoral rejection, leading to additional targeted treatment. Despite these intricate complications, the patient exhibited substantial improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) following the transplant, indicating a positive outcome. This case underscores the successful use of a BIVAD Berlin heart device as a viable bridge to heart transplantation in a complicated pediatric case, highlighting the crucial role of a multidisciplinary approach and meticulous management of complications throughout the entire treatment process.
Tuberculosis presenting with multiple osteolytic lesions in an adolescent boy with fanconi anemia
Authors: Srinivas Jahnavi , Arul Janani , Nasrin T. M. Asiyatun , Jayaraman Dhaarani , Palraj Kennedy Kumar , Murali Arunan , Joseph Leena Dennis , Scott Julius Xavier
Published: November 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) is well known to present with varied clinical and radiological features. Multifocal bone involvement in tuberculosis is rare. Multiple lytic lesions raise the possibility of malignancy usually, especially, in children with predisposing conditions like Fanconi anemia. However, a thorough evaluation with repeated attempts at histopathological confirmation and microbiological evaluation is mandatory in children with unique presentations with inconclusive initial diagnostic tests. We report an adolescent boy with an underlying Fanconi anemia who presented with fever, cough and respiratory distress. On evaluation, he had pallor, wasting, features of right upper lobe consolidation and multiple lytic lesions. Initial diagnostic evaluation including bone marrow evaluation and a diagnostic biopsy from ribs and bronchoalveolar lavage failed to yield a conclusive diagnosis. After nearly 5 weeks of broad-spectrum antibiotics and antifungals, as the clinical signs were progressing, a complete re-evaluation including biopsy from the rib lesion was done and further, he was diagnosed to have skeletal tuberculosis based on the Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) culture for Acid Fast bacilli (AFB). Child was empirically started on anti-tuberculous therapy pending cultures, which have led to significant clinical improvement in 2 weeks of therapy. Low bacterial load in skeletal TB reduces the chance to diagnosis, hence making clinical judgment imperative in diagnosis; and repeated testing is mandatory when there is high index of suspicion.
Uncommon association of tuberculosis with deep vein thrombosis in a child: a case report
Authors: Agrawal Dishu , Agrawal Archana , Misra Shashwat , Kumar Puneet
Published: November 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health issue, particularly in developing countries. While TB commonly affects the lungs, it can spread to nearly any organ system, leading to a range of complications. One rare extrapulmonary manifestation of TB is deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which is even more rarely reported in children. We report a case of a 13-year-old girl with progressive, painful swelling in right lower limb, accompanied by fever, cough and lymphadenopathy. Diagnostic imaging identified DVT in the right external iliac vein. Further investigation confirmed Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. She was treated with anti-tubercular medication and therapeutic anticoagulation. Although uncommon, this case underscores the importance of recognizing this serious complication and need for timely diagnosis and treatment.
A case report of idiopathic intussusception in four-month-old female infant
Authors: Jangampally Ravinder G. , Y. Laharika , Yerramreddy Sowmya , Chetti Sahitya , K. T. Neha Reddy , Mummadi Meghana
Published: November 2024

Intussusception stands as one of the primary etiologies of intestinal obstruction during the initial two years of life. In majority of instances, an underlying cause remains elusive. While barium enema remains the conventional diagnostic and therapeutic modality, the introduction of innovative techniques, such as the utilization of air enema in conjunction with ultrasound-guided hydrostatic reduction, has yielded promising results. A 4-month-old female infant was brought to our department with the symptoms like limb stiffness, upward rolling of the eyes and a single episode of vomiting accompanied by sensation of dullness. The infant did not show any signs of fever, cold, cough or diarrhoea. After performing an abdominal ultrasound, a small segment of telescoping in the epigastric region, along with telescoping of the mesentery and the small bowel was observed, which is indicative of intussusception. An endoscopic hydrostatic reduction procedure was performed, which the infant tolerated well and was discharged from the hospital in a stable condition. An early diagnosis of intussusception and ruling out other possible options, is crucial to prevent further complications and the need for surgical interventions.
Congenital diarrhoea due to microvillus inclusion disease: a case report
Authors: Patel Pooja N. , Ratha Chinmayee , Panuganti Suresh Kumar
Published: November 2024

Inherited diarrheal diseases are group of disorders which cause significant morbidity with dependence on parental nutrition. Microvillus inclusion disease (MVID) is a secretory enteropathy with autosomal recessive inheritance associated with bi allelic mutations in MYO5B gene or more rarely STX3 gene. We report a newborn, which developed diarrhea since birth and whose exome sequencing showed the rare mutation of biallelic STX3.  There is a possibility of familial involvement (two other siblings having similar symptoms involved, but not evaluated and died) in this particular case.  All three had antenatal polyhydramnios and dilated bowel loops.  This case report describes an infant diagnosed with congenital diarrhea due to a genetic mutation, explores the diagnostic process, and outlines the management strategies and outcomes. The report emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and tailored treatment in improving patient outcomes.
Colonic drug delivery systems: Exploring the potential of biodegradable polymers for systemic effects
Authors: Reddy Gangadi Jayapal , Kokkula Pavan Kumar , Kannadasan M.
Published: November 2024

Targeted drug delivery to the colon is highly desirable for the local treatment of various bowel diseases, including ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, amebiasis, and colonic cancer, as well as for the systemic delivery of protein and peptide drugs. The colon-specific drug delivery system (CDDS) must protect the drug during transit through the stomach and small intestine, ensuring that release and absorption occur only in the colon. The colon is an ideal site for drug absorption due to its lower enzymatic activity compared to the small intestine, which helps protect peptide drugs from degradation, and its long residence time, which enhances systemic bioavailability.

While the oral route is the most convenient for CDDS, rectal administration is also used, though it can be uncomfortable and less effective for targeting the proximal colon. Intrarectal drug preparations, such as solutions, foams, and suppositories, are used for both systemic dosing and local treatment of the large intestine. The efficacy of these drugs often depends on their formulation, spreading capacity, and retention time.

The colon’s high water absorption capacity and viscous contents can limit drug availability to the absorptive membrane. However, the presence of a diverse bacterial flora in the colon can be leveraged for drug metabolism and targeted delivery of peptide-based macromolecules, such as insulin. Understanding the anatomy and physiology of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), including variations in pH, is crucial for designing effective CDDS. This knowledge helps optimize drug release and absorption, ultimately improving therapeutic outcomes for patients.
Advances in neurotransmitter detection and modulation: Implications for neurological disorders
Authors: Doke Rohit , Bhagwat Ajay , Tambe Priyanka , Vare Payal , More Sanghmitra , Nagare Saurabh , Shinde Aniket
Published: November 2024

Neurotransmitters are chemicals that amplify, transmit, and transform cellular impulses, facilitating communication across the neurological system. Over the last century, hundreds of these compounds have been identified, with continuous study focussing on their effects on brain health. Neurotransmitters are known to control a variety of processes, including emotions, thoughts, memory, learning, and movement. As a result, abnormalities in neurotransmitter levels have been related to a variety of neurological and neurodegenerative illnesses. This paper seeks to explore the most significant neurotransmitters, categorized into two broad groups: canonical and noncanonical. Additionally, it discusses the connection between these neurotransmitters and key neurological conditions. A concise review of recent advances in neurotransmitter detection methods is also provided, along with insights into how modulating these substances may help restore homeostasis.
Soy\'s secret weapon: Genistein\'s fight against triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Kma Lakhon , Ch Marak Matsram , Marwein Rebecca
Published: November 2024

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive form of breast cancer with limited treatment options. Genistein a natural isoflavone found in soybeans and legumes is a plant-based compound with anticancer properties that has been shown to be promising for TNBC treatment in preclinical studies. This review examines genistein’s potential as a therapeutic agent against TNBC. In vitro studies reveal its capacity to inhibit cell growth, induce apoptosis, and suppress TNBC metastasis. In vivo, genistein suppresses tumor growth and extends survival in TNBC mice. It targets key oncogenic pathways, including NF-κB, Akt, and PI3K. It has also been shown to regulate apoptosis-related gene expression, promote apoptosis, and activate the DNA damage response. Furthermore, Genistein demonstrated the ability to reactivate estrogen receptor expression in ERα-negative MDA-MB-231 xenograft mice, particularly when combined with the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A. This reactivation restored ER-dependent cellular sensitivity to tamoxifen and 17-estradiol. Combination therapy with genistein and other drugs or phytochemicals has shown to be particularly effective in preclinical studies. These findings suggest that Genistein holds promise as a potential therapeutic agent for TNBC by targeting key signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation, survival, and apoptosis, as well as modulating ER expression and enhancing sensitivity to existing therapies.
Exploring the anti-osteoarthritic effect of Hemp Tribe Orthogo granules on monosodium iodoacetate induced osteoarthritis rat model
Authors: Premkumar Balasekar , Meena Arumugam , Shanthy Arumugam , Rao Gupta Manepalli Nageswara , Saravanan Gopalakrishnan , Rajkumar Sallabuthula , Priyanka Chandrasekar Leela
Published: November 2024

: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint condition characterized by the deterioration of joint structures, resulting in pain and reduced joint motion. It results in joint degeneration marked by the gradual deterioration of cartilage, leading to pain and reduced joint motion. It is a debilitating disease with no available treatment, and the discovery of a medication that benefits the joints is a significant area of research.

: This study examined the anti-osteoarthritis effects of the OrthoGo formulation on monosodium Iodoacetate (MIA)-induced osteoarthritis in rats by measuring the activity of the standard painkiller Diclofenac Sodium.

: Osteoarthritis models were established using the intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate in rats. Following a three-week induction, measurements conducted include Eddy’s hot plate, inclined plane test, staircase ascent, and gait assessment. The impact of the preparation in mitigating the degenerative characteristics of the joints was examined via radiographic and histological analyses.

: The results indicated an enhancement in analgesic efficacy in Eddy's hot plate, an increased duration on the inclined plane, enhanced gait performance, and reduced degenerative alterations in animals administered OrthoGo granules.

: The OrthoGo formulation comprises hemp seed powder, glucosamine sulfate potassium chloride, and collagen peptides, which limit the progression of osteoarthritis by delaying cartilage deterioration, reducing inflammation, and enhancing locomotor performance. Consequently, OrthoGo granules containing hemp seeds may serve as a viable treatment agent for osteoarthritis, potentially exhibiting fewer adverse effects than standard analgesics such as Diclofenac Sodium.
Evaluation of gastroprotective effects of Senegalia chundra bark extract on gastric ulcers in wistar albino rats
Authors: Dabadi Prakash , Mujeebulla R H  , Krupanidhi AM
Published: November 2024

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) affects around 10% of the global population and results from an imbalance between the stomach’s protective mechanisms and aggressive factors like hydrochloric acid and pepsin. This study examines the potential of the ethanolic extract of Senegalia chundra bark in protecting against gastric ulcers in Wistar albino rats, induced by indomethacin and pylorus ligation. The research highlights key mechanisms contributing to ulcer formation, such as the involvement of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). In vitro antioxidant tests, including the DPPH method, showed that the Senegalia chundra extract had significant free radical scavenging activity, similar to that of ascorbic acid. Histological analysis further supported the protective effects of the extract, showing that it could reduce ulcer formation. These findings suggest that Senegalia chundra bark extract may hold promise as a natural therapeutic agent for managing peptic ulcers. The study emphasizes the role of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and tannins in the plant’s medicinal properties, which may contribute to its effectiveness. The research adds to the growing body of evidence advocating for the integration of plant-based treatments in modern medicine, particularly for gastrointestinal conditions like PUD. This supports the ongoing exploration of traditional herbal remedies as alternative or complementary options for treating gastric ulcers and related disorders. The potential of Senegalia chundra as a safe and effective natural remedy underscores the need for further studies to confirm its therapeutic value and mechanisms of action.
Medical writing in pharmacovigilance: An overview
Authors: Trailokya Abhijit Anil , Chaudhary Sunil
Published: November 2024

Medical writing is an integral part of pharmacovigilance, ensuring that safety information is communicated effectively and meets regulatory standards. Pharmacovigilance medical writing plays a crucial role in both the clinical development and post-marketing stages. It also significantly contributes to the preparation of mandatory submission documents that are essential for obtaining marketing authorization or approval from regulatory authorities. Medical writing plays a pivotal role in pharmacovigilance by crafting clear, precise, and regulatory-compliant documents that communicate safety information effectively. The field encompasses the preparation of essential documents such as Periodic Safety Update Reports (PSURs), Risk Management Plans (RMPs), and Periodic Adverse Drug Experience Reports (PADERs), all of which are critical for monitoring the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical products. Medical writers in pharmacovigilance are responsible for synthesizing complex clinical data, reporting adverse events, and ensuring compliance with regulatory guidelines. This overview highlights the key responsibilities of medical writers, the regulatory frameworks governing their work, and the importance of effective communication in maintaining drug safety and patient health.
The role of consent in Indian judiciary: Implications for cancer treatment practices
Authors: Mahani Anmol , Zadu Rudranath
Published: November 2024

Informed consent is a fundamental ethical and legal requirement in medical practice, especially critical in high-risk treatments such as cancer care. The evolution of consent laws in India reflects the judiciary’s commitment to safeguarding patient autonomy and ensuring informed decision-making. Article 21 of the Indian Constitution underpins the right to life, which courts have interpreted to include the right to informed consent in medical treatments. This is particularly relevant in oncology, where treatment choices involve complex and often life-threatening procedures.

: This manuscript aims to examine the role of informed consent in cancer treatment practices within the Indian judiciary framework. It seeks to explore the ethical implications, legal standards, and challenges in obtaining valid consent, particularly in Oncological procedures. Additionally, the manuscript aims to analyse key legal cases and their impact on shaping medical practices in cancer care across India.

: The manuscript is based on a comprehensive review of legal statutes, including the Indian Constitution, the Indian Penal Code, and the Indian Contract Act, alongside Medical Council of India (MCI) guidelines. Judicial rulings and case laws related to informed consent in cancer treatment were analysed. The legal and ethical frameworks surrounding patient autonomy and healthcare practitioner responsibility are examined through case studies and statutory interpretation.

The Indian judiciary has advanced the principles of informed consent, particularly in cancer care, ensuring that patients are fully informed about their treatment choices. However, challenges persist in ensuring that consent is not only informed but also voluntary and comprehensible. The judiciary’s rulings have created a robust legal framework for consent in cancer treatment, yet further clarity and practical guidelines are required to address the complexities of modern medical practice.
Como se vive se muere: Familia, redes sociales y muerte infantil
Authors: Bronfman Mario
Published: November 2024

Este libro tiene una larga historia atravesada por cambios de trabajo, migraciones, nuevas investigaciones y un largo etcétera. El tema apareció, por primera vez, en una investigación realizada en Venezuela, en 1979. Se alojó en el “estante” de los pendientes y se retomó en 1984 en un trabajo presentado en el Congreso Latinoamericano de Población y Desarrollo. Volvió al “estante” del que salió con varios artículos, usando la información de la Encuesta Nacional Demográfica –realizada por el Consejo Nacional de Población de México–, y tomó un ritmo definitivo cuando se logró un financiamiento para realizar el trabajo de campo en 1988-1989. En este punto hubo una motivación adicional, la más importante: la constatación de que en todos los trabajos sobre mortalidad infantil faltaba la voz de los sobrevivientes, “el significado de la muerte de un niño en la familia”. Este libro y el proceso que lo precedió busca “sacar” el tema del estrecho marco de las tasas de mortalidad infantil y humanizarlo.

El siguiente incentivo fue transformar el cúmulo de información en una tesis de doctorado cuando fui invitado por la Escuela de Salud Pública de la Fundação Oswaldo Cruz para ser parte de un nuevo programa. El trabajo en forma de tesis fue presentado en 1993 y aprobado por un comité evaluador de excelencia. Años después, y ante la presión de amigos y colegas, decidí transformar la tesis en libro. No fue fácil, pero el producto muy mejorado fue publicado por el Centro Regional de Investigaciones Multidisciplinarias (CRIM) de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) en el 2000 y por Lugar Editorial en el 2001. Esta nueva versión electrónica responde al entusiasmo de Hugo Spinelli, a quien agradezco su iniciativa y su interés.
Transmutation of Conventional Fuel Based Two wheeler Vehicles into Electric Vehicles
Authors: Ravi Kumar S. R. , Prathiba M. K. , Yogaraj D. , Suryanarayana Nagaprasad Kudevru , Venkatesh M. K. , Nithesh Bhaskar N. , D’Souza Harold , Santhosh Kumar R. , Govindaraju H. , Kiran R.
Published: November 2024

The preliminary intention of this study is to comprehensively understand converting a conventional vehicle into a fully electric vehicle. In today’s technologically forward world of travelling, it is crucial for commuters to travel effectively and help maintain a sustainable environment. To accomplish this, the rider should travel as quickly and effectively as feasible. This study provides information on battery-powered electric scooters, including information on the controller, battery, hub motor and other components. Details on converting a scooter with an Internal Combustion (IC) engine into an Electric vehicle (EV) are provided in this work. This uses electricity as their main energy source. It also draws attention to the scooter's modifications. The battery can be charged by being ejected by the main system. ARAI AIS 039 (Rev 1): Electric Power Train Vehicles– Measurement of Electrical Energy Consumption is the standard used for testing the vehicle. When compared to a traditional vehicle, the scooter's electrical power can provide a longer range, higher performance and no emissions.
Major Findings: The experimental range of the vehicle under ARAI test conditions is found to be 15km. The experimental top speed of the vehicle under a total load of 150kg is 30kmph.
Experimental Investigation of the Enhancement of Heat Transfer Rate in Automobile Radiator Using Low Concentration Hybrid Nanofluids
Authors: Dushyanthkumar G. L. , Praveenkumara B. M. , Shivashankar R. , Shrinivasa D. , Muthuraju N. P.
Published: November 2024

Engine coolant, also called antifreeze, is essential to a vehicle's performance since it controls engine temperature, keeps the cooling system from freezing in cold weather and prevents corrosion. To increase engine cooling efficiency, this study looks into using low-concentration hybrid nanofluids to accelerate heat transfer rates in automobile radiators. To maximise heat dissipation within the radiator system, the project focuses on the synthesis, characterisation and practical applications of these nanofluids. Through an extensive literature review, various nanoparticles, including metallic and oxide-based particles, were evaluated for their compatibility and effectiveness in enhancing heat transfer. The chosen nanoparticles underwent thorough characterisation for size, shape and surface properties to determine their suitability for dispersion in a base coolant. Reduced Graphene is known for its good thermal conductivity, making it an ideal candidate for enhancing cooling rates in various applications hence keeping this in mind, this experiment compares and investigates the heat transfer rate in the radiator of an automobile with a hybrid combination of Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO) + Copper Oxide (CuO) with ethylene glycol and distilled water, at volume fractions of 0.001%, 0.005% and 0.01%. The results show a notable increase in the efficiency of the radiator both in terms of pressure drop and effectiveness. A maximum of 9.2 and 1.5 times increase in temperature drop is recorded at 0.001%, a maximum of 12.3 and 2.08 times increase in temperature drop is noted at 0.005% and the highest of 17.9 and 3.03 times increase in temperature drop is tabulated at 0.01% volume fraction of copper oxide and 0.01% the volume fraction of RGO hybrid nanofluid. It can safely be concluded that compared to the sixty experiments conducted, the recommended nanofluid among them would be Ethylene Glycol and Distilled Water + 0.01% concentration of RGO and CuO hybrid as they have exhibited higher pressure drop, effectiveness and reduction in temperature.
Experimental Investigation to Study Impact of Low-Concentration Hybrid ZnO and TiO2 Nanoparticles on Thermo-Physical Properties of Transformer Oil
Authors: Praveenkumara B. M. , Dushyanthkumar G. L. , Harsha S. , Honnabandi Chinmaya P. , Shivashankar R. , Chethana G. D.
Published: November 2024

Transformer oil (Naphthenic Oil) is vital for the safe and efficient operation of transformer systems. The current experimental investigation mainly concentrates on the impact of low-concentration TiO2 and ZnO hybrid nanoparticles of 0.001 and 0.005 vol. % concentrations on the thermophysical properties of Naphthenic oil (Transformer oil). This investigation separately determines the flash and fire point, viscosity, thermal conductivity, pH, breakdown voltage and strength, and zeta potential analysis for both fresh and used Naphthenic oil and adding hybrid nanoparticles. The addition of hybrid nanoparticles to fresh and used Naphthenic oil increases the flash and fire points, viscosity, thermal conductivity, and pH values but the breakdown strength of the fresh oil decreases and the used oil increases.
Untangling the Role of Metallothionein- III in Cadmium Induced Alteration in Brain Biogenic Amines: Protective Potential of Quercetin
Authors: Gupta Richa , Shukla Rajendra K. , Chandrvanshi Lalit Pratap
Published: November 2024

Cadmium, a non-transition heavy metal, is largely responsible for the development of neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. Epidemiological and prevalence studies suggest that high exposure to cadmium and consecutive high cumulation in the human body pose a high risk of various diseases. It has been identified that cadmium-induced motor deficits in rats are due to alterations in canonical and noncanonical Cyclic Adenosine (cAMP)-dependent PKA/DARRP32/PP1α associated with decreased Deficiency of Adenosine Deaminase 2 (DA-D2) receptors in the corpus striatum. Continuing those studies, current studies have been executed to untangle the role of Metallothionein- III in cadmium-induced alterations in biogenic amines in selected brain regions of rats. Treatment of rats with cadmium (5mg/kg, per oral) for 28 days caused a marked decrease in neurotransmitter levels in various brain regions while there was no significant change in DA turnover as compared to controls. Further, there was a striking increase in the levels of Metallothionein (MT-III) and levels of cadmium in these brain regions. Insilico studies involving ADMET Regression analysis further confirmed the changes wherein it has been shown that the cadmium easily crosses the blood-brain barrier and accumulates in the brain regions, binds with the Metallothionein and produces neurotoxicity. Interestingly, simultaneous exposure with quercetin (25mg/kg, per oral) was found to protect cadmium-induced alterations. The results exhibit that cadmium-induced alteration in biogenic amines may be associated with increased levels of metallothionein in the brain, predicting the toxicity of cadmium.
Pre Clinical Safety Assessment of AYUSH Carctol S through Acute and Sub Chronic Oral Toxicity Study: Safety Assessment of AYUSH Carctol S
Authors: Gaidhani Sudesh N. , Reddy G. Dayanand , Ganesan R. , Tiwari Pawan , Srikanth N. , Padhi M. M. , Reddy Viswanth , Ala Srikanth
Published: November 2024

AYUSH Carctol S is a coded Ayurvedic compound formulation developed for treatment of cancer. The safety of the test drug was not established in the experimental animals yet, hence the present study was highlighted the same through acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies. The acute oral toxicity study of the test drug was performed in swiss albino mice with a dose of 2600 mg/kg. Similarly, the sub-chronic oral toxicity study was carried out in wistar rats with three different test doses i.e., 180 mg/kg, 900 mg/kg, and 1800 mg/kg. Cage side observations, feed intake, body weight, gross morphology, and necropsy findings of the animals of test drug-treated animals were normal and no mortality was reported in both either study. During the sub-chronic toxicity study, the hematological and biochemical parameters of AYUSH Carctol S-treated animals were found to be non-significant when compared to the control animals. Further, the histopathological analysis of major organs of AYUSH Carctol S 1800 mg/kg treated animals showed no major lesions and treatment-related changes. The test drug was considered to be nontoxic during the acute and sub-chronic oral toxicity studies. The LD50 of AYUSH Carctol S estimated during the acute toxicity was found as 2600 mg/kg and the sub-chronic safety dose i.e., NOAEL is up to 1800 mg/kg.
Ameliorative Efficacy of Moringa oleifera Lam. against the Sodium Fluoride Induced Nephrotoxicity in Wistar Rat
Authors: Kalita Trishna , Dutta Uma
Published: November 2024

A study was conducted to evaluate the protective efficacy of a methanolic leaf extract of Moringa oleifera L. (MO) for the remediation of nephrotoxicity induced by exposure to a significant groundwater pollutant, fluoride. Wistar albino male rats weighing 150–200 g were divided into five groups, each containing five animals. The control group received normal drinking water, and Group I received sodium fluoride in drinking water (20 mg/l daily) for 90 days. Group II received M. oleifera extract (250 mg/l) for 90 days. Group III received sodium fluoride 20 mg/l along with a low dose of M. oleifera extract (250 mg/l) for 90 days, and Group IV received sodium fluoride 20 mg/l along with a high dose of M. oleifera extract (500 mg/l) for 90 days. After 90 days, the kidneys and blood samples were obtained to evaluate their histological characteristics and assess the levels of oxidative stress and various enzyme parameters. The current investigation showed that sodium fluoride has a notable impact on renal function by elevating levels of creatinine, Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), urea, as well as Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT), Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT), and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) indicators. Further exposure resulted in a decrease in Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) levels, whereas Lipid Peroxidation (LPO) activity increased in kidney tissue. The histopathological examination of the kidney revealed glomerular enlargement, degenerative changes in Bowman’s capsule, and alterations in the tubular portion of the glomerulus. The study’s findings indicate that the administration of M. oleifera extract had a notable impact on the renal function and antioxidant status of rats subjected to sodium fluoride treatment. The administration of M. oleifera extract demonstrated a significant ability to mitigate the nephrotoxic effects induced by sodium fluoride in rats, mainly when both substances were concurrently administered. M. oleifera extract may also provide hepatoprotective effects by modifying membrane permeability and blocking enzymes from entering the serum.
DNA Protective, Aldose Reductase Inhibitory and Anti-Cataract Activities of Ferulic Acid
Authors: Bandaru Nagaraju , Pedapati Veera Mani Deepika , Sarika Matta , Swaroopa Suggu Vangmai , Aparna M. , Ibrahim Md. Said , Gambhire Makarand Suresh , Samineni Ramu , Narender M. , Dudhe Prashik B.
Published: November 2024

The current study assessed Ferulic acid’s DNA protective, aldose reductase inhibitory and anti- cataract activities. Different concentrations of ferulic acid are examined for DNA protection and incubated with aldose reductase isolated from a goat lens. Ferulic acid demonstrates a strong inhibitory effect against aldose reductase enzyme with IC50 value of 1.43 g/ mL and shows potent DNA protective action at the dose of 100 ug/mL against Fenton’s reagent induced DNA damage. Ferulic acid also reduces the formation of opacification in goat lens that inhibits the development of cataract and increases antioxidants levels significantly in lenses. This indicated that Ferulic acid inhibits the oxidative stress induced cataract. Based on the findings, Ferulic acid may be an effective option for the treatment of high glucose-induced cataract.