bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FLOW PERFORMANCE COMPARISON ALONG THE CENTERLINE IN STRAIGHT AND S-SHAPED DIFFUSER
Authors: SİNGH Hardial
Published: January 2020

In this paper of the S-shaped diffuser with area ratio (AR) 1.5, an experimental investigation was conducted to analyze the effect of the change in curvature of a straight-wall diffuser. During this study, a Straight diffuser was changed in to a curved diffuser at different angles as their same upper and lower limbs (60/60, 90/90). Profile equations of diffusers were generated with the help of MATLAB/Simulink v2017a software. In this work centerline length is constant for all three profiles, Centerline length that’s utilized in the sector of circle and radius of curvature is calculated. S-shaped diffuser had a different unique angle with square inlet and a rectangular outlet. S-shaped diffuser CPR and CTL results compared with a straight walled diffuser with the different inlet velocity and Reynolds Number. These outcomes from this research obtained the coefficient of static pressure gain and coefficient of total pressure loss for the three profile of the diffuser (Straight, 60/60, and 90/90 S-Shaped Diffuser).
Os desafios na implementação de cursos superiores em EAD no Brasil
Authors: Nascimento Elizabeth Souza da Silva , Paixão Marcus Vinicius Sandoval
Published: January 2020

A pesquisa focou a gestão escolar no ensino a distância, caracterizando as etapas na visão geral da implementação dos cursos nessa modalidade de ensino. Verificamos como é feito e o que pode ser mudado de forma funcional através da pesquisa bibliográfica e da comparação com o sistema atual empregado. Com base nas observações bem como na experiência do autor no EAD, em conjunto com a opinião das demais categorias integrantes, de acordo com a modalidade de ensino, foi feita a coleta de dados visando à possibilidade de melhorar de forma prática e com o menor custo e ao procedimento de implementação de outros cursos do processo EAD, com vistas à inclusão de outras classes sociais como estudantes do ensino a distância. A gestão educacional na modalidade EAD precisa ser democrática, sob pena de não ser efetiva nem alternativa de atingir a maioria do público quanto às mensalidades acessíveis e à facilidade de acesso à tecnologia.
Análise da influência do clima organizacional na satisfação discente: o caso de uma instituição de ensino superior no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Lima Gilson Brito Alves , Quelhas Osvaldo Luiz Gonçalves , Vieira Neto Julio , Sant'Anna Annibal Parracho , Menna Barreto Marcia De Freitas Siqueira Sadok , Silva Sávio Luís Oliveira da
Published: January 2020

Diante das exigências do Ministério de Educação do Brasil, as instituições de ensino superior necessitam de processos de autoavaliação institucional bem definidos. As pesquisas de Clima Organizacional enquadram-se neste escopo de avaliações, pois são capazes de fornecer diagnósticos importantes para a gestão estratégica das instituições. Funcionários administrativos e docentes satisfeitos estarão mais aptos a oferecer qualidade, impactando positivamente a satisfação dos clientes. Sendo assim, este estudo tem como objetivo analisar os resultados de pesquisa de Clima Organizacional realizada em uma instituição de ensino superior no estado do Rio de Janeiro, e comparar com pesquisa de satisfação discente realizada na mesma Instituição. Para tanto, realizou-se uma análise secundária de dados, baseada nas pesquisas de Clima Organizacional e satisfação discente realizadas por empresas terceirizadas pela instituição. Constatou-se que o alto nível de satisfação discente condiz com bom clima organizacional da Instituição, especialmente com a satisfação do corpo docente e da gestão acadêmica.
FINANCIAL LITERACY AMONG MALAY SOCIETY IN THE RIVERSIDE AREA OF CENTRAL KALIMANTAN
Authors: Rahmatia Alfina
Published: January 2020

Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis tingkat kesadaran terhadap literasi keuangan di antara masyarakat Melayu di daerah tepi sungai melalui studi kasus di Desa Tanjung Putri, Kalimantan Tengah. Data primer yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dari kuesioner dan wawancara. Penelitian ini menggunakan regresi logistik biner menggunakan aplikasi SPSS, sedangkan set data wawancara menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin, pendapatan per bulan dan latar belakang pendidikan tidak berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap tingkat kesadaran literasi keuangan di masyarakat Desa Tanjung Putri. Ini terjadi karena pengalaman masa lalu tentang literasi keuangan. The main objective of this study is to identify and analyze the awareness level to financial literacy among Malay society in the riverside area with a case study in Tanjung Putri Village, Central Kalimantan. Primary data used in this study are collected from questionnaire and interview. The study uses binary logistic regression using SPSS application, whereas the interview datas use descriptive analysis. The result shows that gender, income per month and education background has no positive significant effect on the awareness level of financial literacy in Tanjung Putri Village society. These are happening because of past experience of financial literacy.
Ege Ünı̇versı̇tesı̇ Hastanesı̇nde jinekolojik kanserlerin epidemiyolojik ve genel sağ kalım özellikleri
Authors: HAYDAROĞLU Ayfer , ÖZSARAN Zeynep , ŞANLI Ulus Ali , ZEKİOĞLU Osman , YILDIRIM Nuri , AKMAN Levent , TEREK Coşan , ÖZSARAN Aydın
Published: January 2020

Amaç: Ege Üniversitesi Hastanesinde (EÜH) jinekolojik kanser (JK) tanısı ile tedavileri yapılan olguların epidemiyolojik ve genel sağ kalım (GSK) özelliklerini istatistiksel açıdan değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: EÜ Kanserle Savaş Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi (EÜKAM) tarafından 1992-2017 arası EÜH’de 8332 JK kaydı yapılmıştır. CANREG-4 programı ile kaydedilen veriler SPSS programına aktarılmıştır. İstatistik analizde Ki-kare yöntemi ve doğrusal modellemeler yapılmış ve p <0,05 anlamlı kabul edilmiştir.
Bulgular: JK’ler, EÜH Kanser Kayıt Sisteminde tüm olguların %7,1’ini, kadın olguların ise %15,1’ini kapsamaktadır. JK’nin %41,6’sı korpus uteri, %31,8’i serviks uteri, %21,3’ü ise over kanseri, %3,7’si vulva-vajina kanseri olarak saptanmıştır. Korpus uteri kanseri serviks uteri kanserine göre daha ileri yaşlarda görülmektedir (p<0,0001). Korpus uteri kanseri en sık 50-59 yaş grubunda (%35,9), serviks uteri kanseri 40-49 yaşlarda (%28,1), over kanseri ise 50-59 yaşlarda (%30,1) görülmektedir. Korpus uteri kanserinin görülüşünde yıllara göre doğrusal artış, serviks uteri kanserinde ise doğrusal azalma gözlenmektedir (p<0,0001). Korpus uteri kanserleri, serviks uteri ve over kanserlerine göre daha erken evrelerde tanı almaktadır (p<0,0001). Yerleşime göre en sık tanı; korpus uteri kanserinde %70 lokal evrede, serviks uteri kanserinde %47,2 lokal ileri evrede, over kanserinde %63,6 metastatik evrede olmaktadır.
Sonuç: EUH Kanser Kayıt Sisteminde JK’ler tüm sistemler arasında altıncı sıradadır. JK’nin içinde korpus uteri kanseri %41,6 ile ilk sırada yer almaktadır. Yıllar içinde görülme sıklığı açısından korpus uteri kanserinde doğrusal artış, serviks uteri kanserinde doğrusal azalma gözlenmektedir.
Pandangan MUI NTB Terhadap Aturan Pendewasaan Usia Pernikahan Di Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Citrawati Enik
Published: January 2020

Nusa Tenggara Barat merupakan daerah dengan tingkat kasus pernikahan usia dini tertinggi di Indonesia. Kondisi ini mendapatkan perhatian pemerintah provinsi NTB, karena dikhawatirkan akan mengganggu proses pembangunan kualitas sumberdaya manusia NTB. Bentuk perhatian pemerintah tersebut dituangkan dengan mengeluarkan aturan tentang pendewasaan usia pernikahan bagi masyarakat. Penelitian ini bermaksud memahami pandangan MUI NTB terkait dengan intervensi pemerintah yang mengatur batas usia pernikahan tersebut, karena dalam Islam, tidak ada ketentuan tentang batas usia pernikahan, dan jika terjadi kasus yang tidak  ada ketentuan hukumnya dalam Islam, maka MUI merupakan lembaga yang memiliki otoritas untuk memberikan fatwa hukumnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa MUI sependapat dengan apa yang dilakukanpemerintahyangmengaturtentangpendewasaanusiapernikahan bagi masyarakat, mengingat mudharat yang diakibatkan dari perilaku masyarakat yang melakukan pernikahan usia dini, dan alasan pemerintah mengeluarkan aturan tersebut untuk kemaslahatan masyarakat.
REVIEW TEORETIK PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA DAN BAKAT BAHASA BAGI ANAK
Authors: Khusniyah Nurul Lailatul
Published: January 2020

Pemerolehan bahasa menjadi kajian menarik tentang cara orang memperoleh bahasa pertama ataupun bahasa kedua. Individu memperoleh kecakapan bahasa bukan karena kelahirannya semata melainkan karena perkembangan dan pengalaman hidupnya. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui lebih mendalam tentang konsep teori keterkaitan pemerolehan bahasa dan bakat bahasa. Kajian dalam penelitian ini difokuskan pada kontroversi antara nurture dan nature. Teori ini menggambarkan pemerolehan bahasa yang diperoleh secara alami dan proses pembentukan. Bakat bahasa memiliki fase yang berbeda dalam proses pemerolehan bahasa.
Development of Tree Determination Key for Android Smartphone
Authors: Puspitasari Yunita
Published: January 2020

Indonesian forest consists of thousands of tree species. In the field, forest inventory officers need a tool, which can be carried easily, to identify tree species (tree determination key). Accordingly, a smartphone can be used as an alternative. The application selected for constructing the tree determination key was Carrymap Observer, a free and open source application based on Android. Development of database was carried out in a computer using ArcGIS’s plugin namely Carrymap by examining the appropriate text file format and image file size. The identification of tree species was mainly based on leaf characteristics. Those characteristics were used as attributes on point data vector. The utilization of tree determination key on smartphone can facilitate users to identify tree species in the field.
Process and Mineralogy of Volcanic Materials on the South Side of the Old Lawu Volcano in Java Island
Authors: Nurcholis Mohammad , Yudiantoro Dwi Fitri , Haryanto Darban , Dianputra Ahmad Bagus , Aji Krishna
Published: January 2020

Activities of Old Lawu volcano in the past resulted in various soil development in the south side of the volcano, especially in the area of the east side of Wonogiri and west side of Ponorogo, that located in the Java island. This area is also famous as herbal crops producer for raw materials of traditional herbal medicine industry. The purpose of this research is to identify the process of exposure of the parent materials in the Old Lawu volcanic environment, the development of the soil parent materials, and the mineralogy variation.  Four Sites with different geological formation were observed, and each Site was selected for soil profile identification on the process of weathering of rocks.  All layers of each profile were then sampled and then sand fraction of the fine earth particle was determined for the mineral type using X-ray diffraction (XRD).  The results showed that materials of the Old Lawu volcanic activity that was of quaternary period had sized material of gravel, sand, silt, and clay. These materials were then exposed and undergone the process of weathering, transportation, and sedimentation according to the landform at that period. The development of soil as geoheritage in this region was influenced by the material size, landform, and settling process. There are four typologies of the environment on the soil development at the present study, there are: (1) Soil that developed in the inter-fluvial basins is characterized by thick soil and a clear horizon differentiation process as a feature of maturity stage of soil development. (2) Soil developed on the slope of hill area is characterized by shallow in solum and it is in early-stage soil development. (3) Soil developed on the volcanic materials that were transported and sedimented in the river environment is characterized by the thick soil above the layered fine size parent material with a variety of color. (4) Soil developed on the tertiary breccia showed early soil development.
Analisis Minat Belajar Kimia Siswa melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Learning Cycle 5E menggunakan Cerita Misteri pada Materi Asam Basa
Authors: Ghufrooni Rifqi , Darwis Zulmanelis , Kurniadewi Fera
Published: January 2020

Minat siswa belajar kimia menjadi salah satu faktor memaksimalkan proses pembelajaran yang dapat ditingkatkan melalui pembelajaran Learning cycle 5e dan penggunaan topik misteri dalam pembelajaran. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis minat siswa belajar kimia melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Learning Cycle 5E menggunakan cerita misteri pada materi asam basa.  Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMAN 61 Jakarta pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2018/2019 dengan subyek penelitian terdiri dari 32  orang siswa kelas XI MIPA 3. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode analisis kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan data melalui observasi, reflektif jurnal, wawancara siswa dan lembar kuesioner minat.  Pembelajaran Learning Cycle 5E terdiri dari 5 tahap yaitu engagement, exploration, explanation, elaboration dan evaluation. Skenario Misteri digunakan pada tahap elaboration untuk meluaskan kepemahaman siswa dan membuat siswa tertarik dalam pembelajaran. Hasil analisis menunjukkan  bahwa minat situasional, kesenangan dalam belajar dan kepercayaan diri dalam kimia terbentuk selama pembelajaran. Aspek keyakinan terhadap kimia dan konsep diri muncul sedikit pada beberapa siswa saja. Sedangkan tahap Learning Cycle 5E yang paling dominan memunculkan minat siswa adalah Elaboration.

Kata kunci

Minat belajar kimia,  Learning Cycle 5E,  skenario misteri,  asam basa
Communication Skills Training for Physicians Improves Health Literacy and Medical Outcomes among Patients with Hypertension: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sany Seyedeh Belin Tavakoly , Behzhad Fatemeh , Ferns Gordon , Peyman Nooshin
Published: January 2020

Background: Improving the training of physicians about communication skills and patient health literacy (HL) is a major priority that remains an open question. We aimed to examine the effectiveness of communication skills training for physicians on the hypertension outcomes and the health literacy skills, self-efficacy and medication adherence in patients with uncontrolled blood pressure (BP).
Methods: A randomized, controlled trial method was conducted on 240 hypertensive patients and 35 physicians presenting to healthcare clinics in the Mashhad, Iran, from 2013 to 2014. Using stratified blocking with block sizes of 4 and 6, eligible patients with uncontrolled blood pressure were randomly allocated to the intervention and control groups. Physicians in the intervention group received educational training over 3 sessions of Focus –Group Discussion and 2 workshops. The control group received the routine care. The primary outcome was a reduction in systolic and diastolic BP from baseline to 6 months. The secondary outcome was promoting HL skills in hypertensive patients. Data were analyzed using the regression model and bivariate tests.
Results: After the physician communication training, there was a significant improvement in physicians-patient communication skills, hypertension outcomes, medication adherence, and self-efficacy among the patients being managed by the physicians receiving training, compared to the control group.
Conclusion: The educational intervention leads to better BP control; it may have been sufficient training of physicians change to impact counseling, HL and self-efficacy and adherence. The quality of physician-patient communication is an important modifiable element of medical communication that may influences health outcomes in hypertensive Iranian patients.
Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT), IRCT20160710028863N24. Registered April 4, 2018 [retrospectively registered].
WITHDRAWN: Astragalus injection ameliorate Lipopolysaccaride-induced mice cognitive decline via relieving acute neuroinflammation and BBB damage as well as up-regulating BDNF-CREB pathway in chronic stage
Authors: Zhu Huifeng , Liu Ke , Jiang Ruhong , Wan Guoran , Zou Li , Zhu Xiaokang , Ren Qiao , Wan Dong , Cheng Fang , Feng Shan
Published: January 2020

Background: Post-sepsis cognitive impairment is one of the major sequelae observed in survivors of sepsis. Although there are major concerns in the prevention, diagnosis and clinical management of sepsis, strategies for the prevention and treatment of related sequelae are still missing. Researches found that neuroinflammation, oxidative damage and vascular permeability are the main causes of brain damage during the systemic inflammation. Astragalus injection, with the function of regulating vascular endothelial function and immunity, is normally applied in viral myocarditis, viral enteritis, diabetic nephropathy and sepsis in clinical in China. However, it is unknown that whether it could ameliorate the post-sepsis cognitive impairment. Methods: In a LPS-induced mice model of sepsis, the protective effects of Astragalus injection on post-sepsis cognitive impairment was first evaluated. Then the influence of Astragalus injection on inflammatory cytokines secretion, BBB integrality and the expression of tight junction proteins in the acute sepsis stage were studied later. Followed by the neurodegeneration analysis and BDNF-CREB pathway evaluation in the chronic sepsis stage. What’s more, in vitro experiment was further conducted to assess the effects of Astragalus injection on inflammatory cytokines secretion in microglia (BV2 cells). Results: Novel object recognition and Morris water maze tests show that Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis in mice cause a long-term consequence of cognitive behavioral deficits, while Astragalus injection (5ml/kg) could prevent the development of the above long-term cognitive decline. Mechanism studies show that Astragalus injection (5ml/kg) not only could reverse LPS induced-neuroinflammation in mice and Bv2 cells, but also could protect the blood brain barrier dysfunction in acute stage. In addition, golgi staining and western blotting assays show that Astragalus injection could further prevent the neurodegeneration and up-regulate the BDNF-CREB pathway during the chronic stage. Conclusions: Taken together, our data suggest that Astragalus injection could be a valuable therapy strategy for sepsis survivors in clinical, as it can produce protect effects on the post-sepsis cognitive impairment from many target spots and stages.
Geographical rang evolution of whipping frogs based on a phylogeny of genus Polypedates (Anura: Rhacophoridae)
Authors: Deng Xiling , Yuan Limei , Yang Kong , Klaus Sebastian , Orlov Nikolai L. , Jiang Dechun , Li Jia-Tang
Published: January 2020

Background

The genus Polypedates has a wide range, covering eastern India, Southeast Asia, South China, and eastward to the Philippines and Japan. Because of their poor marine dispersal capabilities, they are ideal organisms to infer geological and environmental history. Based on a large amount of data set for the genus Polypedates that we compiled from a dozen previous studies and partial mitochondrial and nuclear genes collected in this study, we calculated thorough statistical biogeographical analyses.

Results

We can confirm the genus’ Sundaland origin and showed its northward dispersal into Indochina and mainland Asia from the Late Oligocene to Middle Miocene. And the Red River did not mediate species exchange between Southeast Asia and mainland Asia until the end of the Miocene, with a sudden onset of northward dispersal in several clades independently at that time. The widespread P. leucomystax dispersed from Indochinese Peninsula southward to Malay Peninsula, Sumatra and Java, afterwards to Borneo and Sulawesi. Our biogeographical analysis supports the view of a recent introduction of P. leucomystax to the Philippines and the Ryukyus as previously suggested.

Conclusion

Our results indicate that climate fluctuations have a profound impact on species diversification within genus Polypedates . The Red River did not act as a diffuse filter barrier for the species exchange until the end of the Miocene. And the widespread P. leucomystax dispersed in Southwest possibly facilitated by the freshwater plume of the emergent South Sunda River System.
Inter-annual variability of the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic drivers affecting West Nile virus vector Culex pipiens population dynamics in northeastern Italy
Authors: Fornasiero Diletta , Mazzuccato Matteo , Barbujani Marco , Montarsi Fabrizio , Capelli Gioia , Mulatti Paolo
Published: January 2020

Background: Vector-borne infectious diseases (VBDs) represent a major public health concern worldwide. Among VBDs, West Nile Virus (WNV) showed an increasingly wider spread in temperate regions of Europe, including Italy. During the last decade, WNV outbreaks have been recurrently reported in mosquitoes, horses, wild birds, and humans, showing great variability in the temporal and spatial distribution pattern. Due to the complexity of the environment-host-vector-pathogen interaction and the incomplete understanding of the epidemiological pattern of the disease, WNV occurrences can be hardly predictable. The analyses of ecological drivers responsible for the earlier WNV reactivation and transmission are pivotal; in particular, variations in the vector population dynamics may represent a key point of the recent success of WNV and, more in general, of the VBDs.Methods: We investigated the variations of Culex pipiens population abundance using environmental, climatic and trapping data obtained over nine years (2010 to 2018) through the WNV entomological surveillance program implemented in northeastern Italy. An Information Theoretic approach (IT-AIC c ) and model-averaging algorithms were implemented to examine the relationship between the seasonal mosquito growth rates and both intrinsic (e.g. intraspecific competition) and extrinsic (e.g. environmental and climatic variables) predictors, to identify the most significant combinations of variables outlining the Cx. pipiens population dynamics. Results: Population density (proxy for intraspecific competition) and length of daylight were the predominant factors regulating the mosquito population dynamics; however, also other drivers encompassing environmental and climatic variables had a significant impact, although sometimes counterintuitive and not univocal. The analyses of the single-year datasets, and the comparison with the results obtained from the overall model (all data available from 2010 to 2018), highlighted remarkable differences in coefficients magnitude, sign, and significance. These outcomes indicate that different combinations of factors might have distinctive, and sometimes divergent, effects on mosquito population dynamics. Conclusions: A more realistic acquaintance of the intrinsic and extrinsic mechanism of mosquito population fluctuations in relation to continuous changes in environmental and climatic conditions is paramount to properly reinforce VBDs risk-based surveillance activities, to plan targeted density control measures and to implement effective early detection programs.
The evolution and feasibility of a salutogenic home visit program in multiethnic first-time families in Norway.
Authors: Leirbakk Maria J , Torper Johan , Dolvik Stina , Magnus Jeanette H
Published: January 2020

Background Explicit knowledge on how to develop a universal home visit program is warranted as most programs target high-risk, disadvantaged, pregnant young women. The New Families program, a salutogenic home visit program, was developed directed at all first-time families in a multiethnic district in Oslo in collaboration with the Public health nurses. The objective was to secure a healthy child development with long-term benefits. The current study describe the evolution of a project resulting in a sustainable and synergistic program of praxis to be implemented in the current Norwegian Child Health Service Clinic.Methods A feasibility study with qualitative data triangulation provided a comprehensive understanding of the acceptability, demand, practicality, and integration of the New Families program in the district’s Child Health Service Clinic. This two yearlong study included three focus group interviews with public health nurses who conducted 1109 home visits to 222 first-time families in the district, in addition to retrospective interviews with six participating families. The collected data was analysed using the six phases of thematic analysis recursive process.Results Developing a trusting relational continuity of care between the public health nurse and the family is at the core when facilitating support and help. The home visit was characterized as praxis oriented with a salutogenic focus, emphasizing the parents' strengths and resources, while engaging with the family in a collaborative and respectful way. The families and the public health nurse reported a decreased authoritative relationship without losing the experience professionalism.Conclusions An early home visit program for all new families delivered with proportionate universalism avoided stigmatizing vulnerable families and ensured high utilization of the health service. The participating families and public health nurses were in concert when endorsing the integration of the program in the Norwegian Child Health Service Clinic.
Do global ao contexto nacional: evolução da política ambiental brasileira
Authors: Silva Leandro Muniz Barbosa da , Silva Julio Pergentino da , Borges Maria Alice de Lira
Published: January 2020

Apesar do avanço brasileiro no tratar das questões ambientais visando à preservação e conservação da sua sociobiodiversidade, os mecanismos políticos criados para a redefinição do controle dos recursos ambientais no território do país tornam-se insuficientes frente a um contexto internacional de avanço do desenvolvimento e da crise política, socioeconômica e ambiental que assola o país, o que estimula a exploração dos recursos ambientais - desmatamento, extinção de espécies, perda de serviços ambientais e mudanças no clima. O objetivo da pesquisa foi discutir a influência da política internacional na evolução das políticas ambientais do Brasil e os retrocessos em decorrência de ações governamentais. Com este intuito, foram utilizadas as técnicas da pesquisa bibliográfica e análise de conteúdo para tratamento e interpretação dos dados obtidos. Foi constado um grande avanço das políticas ambientais do país ao longo das últimas cinco décadas, adequando-se às exigências mundiais estabelecidas em conferências de países integrantes da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU), elevando o Brasil de um posicionamento bissetorial para multissetorial no tratar das questões ambientais. Contudo, esse avanço vem sendo colocado em risco devido a medidas governamentais que visam a enfraquecer a política ambiental brasileira, proporcionando maior flexibilidade para empreendedores nacionais e internacionais explorarem os recursos ambientais do país.
Panorama da energia eólica sob a perspectiva dos impactos ambientais no Brasil
Authors: Albuquerque Cristhian Carla Bueno de , Maciel Lucas Rodrigues , Nakamori Silvana , Auler Talila , Catapan Anderson
Published: January 2020

A presente pesquisa objetiva traçar um panorama da energia eólica sob a perspectiva dos impactos ambientais no Brasil. Para tanto, se valeu de uma revisão sistemática, a partir de um processo estruturado de busca de trabalhos científicos junto ao Portal de Periódicos da Capes. A revisão sistemática permitiu aferir que, dentre os principais impactos abordados, estão os de natureza sonora, visual, de restrição na utilização do solo e na utilização dos terrenos, de acidentes com aves e de radiação eletromagnética. No entanto, foi possível identificar que há convergência de quase a totalidade das pesquisas no sentido de que as potencialidades e os impactos positivos da fonte eólica ainda a tornam um meio de produção sustentável e de baixo impacto, em que pese as externalidades negativas. O presente estudo permite aferir as lacunas existentes quando se fala em pesquisa de impacto ambiental da energia eólica no Brasil, bem como das formas de mitigação destes impactos.
A implantação de política pública para os resíduos sólidos urbanos recicláveis: o Coleta Palmas
Authors: Mello Fábia dos Santos , Gracio Héber Rogério
Published: January 2020

A gestão dos resíduos sólidos urbanos caracteriza-se como um dos grandes problemas para as administrações públicas no Brasil, mesmo após a publicação da Lei no. 12.305/2010, que instituiu a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS). Quando os resíduos sólidos urbanos recicláveis são o tema percebe-se o agravamento em se fazer cumprir e aplicar as leis. Isto se dá, muitas vezes, por insuficiência de recursos financeiros; carência de recursos humanos; falta de entrosamento e convergência de ideias dos vários departamentos. Este artigo trata da política pública de coleta seletiva, o Programa Coleta Palmas, que está em funcionamento desde 2017, por meio da modalidade Ponto de Entrega Voluntária (PEV) em Palmas, Tocantins. A metodologia se deu por meio de pesquisas bibliográficas para o levantamento das Leis e diretrizes relacionadas à coleta seletiva e reciclagem; houve a interação com as associações e a cooperativa parceiras na implantação da política pública; levantamento de documentos dos órgãos públicos sobre a gestão, geração, manejo e disposição final dos resíduos sólidos urbanos, incluindo informações do programa. Constatou-se que, apesar da coleta seletiva ter custos superiores à coleta convencional tem-se os ganhos socioambientais para as atuais e futuras gerações, extrapolando a avaliação econômica e transformando a realidade local.
Avaliação de risco de um sistema de transmissão elétrica
Authors: Kreutz Carlos
Published: January 2020

Os impactos ambientais são intrínsecos a qualquer atividade de origem antrópica e passíveis de redução, de modo que a busca pelo equilíbrio entre empreendimento e meio ambiente faz com que os estudos de impacto ambiental sejam essenciais. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi aplicar uma das ferramentas amplamente aceitas para a avaliação de risco de um empreendimento de transmissão elétrica a ser instalado no Estado do Mato Grosso, Brasil. Tomou-se como objeto o Estudo de Impacto Ambiental da Linha de Transmissão de 500 kV SE Jauru - SE Cuiabá Circuito 2. Uma avaliação de risco é constituída de identificação do perigo, avaliação da exposição, avaliação do risco e gerenciamento do risco. Para a identificação dos perigos utilizou-se a técnica de Análise Preliminar de Perigos. Foram levantados 43 impactos ambientais sobre os meios biótico, físico e socioeconômico. Destes, 21 são classificados nos níveis de Risco I e II, sendo o meio biótico o mais atingido. No Gerenciamento de Risco, com medidas propostas para prevenir, mitigar ou compensar os riscos mais elevados, espera-se que estes sejam reduzidos ao Nível III. Acredita-se que com a aplicação das medidas propostas, eventos sinérgicos possam favorecer o bem-estar do ecossistema durante e após a instalação do empreendimento.
Targeting Tau Hyperphosphorylation via Kinase Inhibition: Strategy to Address Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Turab Naqvi Ahmad Abu , Hasan Gulam Mustafa , Hassan Md. Imtaiyaz
Published: January 2020

Microtubule-associated protein tau is involved in the tubulin binding leading to microtubule stabilization in neuronal cells which is essential for stabilization of neuron cytoskeleton. The regulation of tau activity is accommodated by several kinases which phosphorylate tau protein on specific sites. In pathological conditions, abnormal activity of tau kinases such as glycogen synthase kinase-3 β (GSK3β), cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and microtubule affinity regulating kinase (MARK) lead to tau hyperphosphorylation. Hyperphosphorylation of tau protein leads to aggregation of tau into paired helical filaments like structures which are major constituents of neurofibrillary tangles, a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease. In this review, we discuss various tau protein kinases and their association with tau hyperphosphorylation. We also discuss various strategies and the advancements made in the area of Alzheimer's disease drug development by designing effective and specific inhibitors for such kinases using traditional in vitro/in vivo methods and state of the art in silico techniques.
Initial Evidences of Salt and Pepper Retinal Lesions (SPRL) in Patients with Intestinal Protozoan Infections in Iran
Authors: Jafari Reza , Gorgizadeh Huriyeh , Soosaraei Masoud , Shokri Azar , Bandalizadeh Zainab , Ahmadi Haniyeh , Banimostafavi Elham Sadat , Fakhar Mahdi
Published: January 2020

Background:

It is made clear that salt and pepper retinal lesion (SPRL) has subsequently associated with the infection with Giardia lamblia (G. lamblia). However, little is known regarding the prevalence of SPRL among patients suffered from parasitic infections in the world.

Objective:

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of SPRL among patients with intestinal protozoan infections, for the first time, in Sari, northern Iran.

Methods:

In this case-control study, a total of 150 subjects participated: 75 were in the patients group diagnosed to have an intestinal parasite and 75 in the control group without any intestinal infection. Fecal samples were obtained from all participants and examined with wet mount and formalin-ether methods. The retina of both groups was examined by an ophthalmologist.

Results:

Overall, salt and pepper retinal changes were diagnosed in 12 (16 %) patients with at least one parasitic infection (7 females and 5 males). G. lamblia was diagnosed in 6 subjects (50%), Blastocystis hominis in 5 (41.6%), and Entamoeba coli in 1 (8.3 %). Most of the patients (58.3%) had a mild infection. Bilateral retinal involvement was observed in 75% of the patients. Furthermore, macula involvement was observed in 91.7 % with SPRL.

Conclusion:

Our findings indicated the relatively high prevalence of SPRL in subjects with giardiasis and blastocystosis. It can be concluded that not only G. lamblia but also B. hominis can cause SPRL in Sari, Iran. Further studies are needed to find other etiologic parasites able to cause retinal damages.
Practices, Challenges, and Prospects of Big Data Curation: a Case Study in Geoscience
Authors: Chen Suzhen , Chen Bin
Published: January 2020

Open and persistent access to past, present, and future scientific data is fundamental for transparent and reproducible data-driven research. The scientific community is now facing both challenges and opportunities caused by the growingly complex disciplinary data systems. Concerted efforts from domain experts, information professionals, and Internet technology experts are essential to ensure the accessibility and interoperability of the big data. Here we review current practices in building and managing big data within the context of large data infrastructure, using geoscience cyberinfrastructure such as Interdisciplinary Earth Data Alliance (IEDA) and EarthCube as a case study. Geoscience is a data-rich discipline with a rapid expansion of sophisticated and diverse digital data sets. Having started to embrace the digital age, the community have applied big data and data mining tools into the new type of research. We also identified current challenges, key elements, and prospects to construct a more robust and future-proof big data infrastructure for research and publication for the future, as well as the roles, qualifications, and opportunities for librarians/information professionals in the data era.
'Uslub al-Munazarah 'alā Tarqiah Mahārah al-Kalām
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study is to improve speaking skills after the application of Debate Method to senior high school students of class XII -A in Ulumuddin boarding school Utenkot, Cunda - Lhokseumawe for academic years 2018 - 2019. The kind of this research is classroom action research conducted in 3 cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, action, observation / evaluation, and reflection. The subjects of this study are senior high school students of class XII-A who are 25 students and the object of this research is speaking skills. Data collection in this study is carried out by the method of observation, interviews and diagnostic tests. Data is analyzed by quantitative descriptive and statistical analysis techniques. The results showed that there is an increase in the percentage of speaking skills of senior high school students of class XI -A in sides of pronunciation, fluency, vocabulary, and sentence structure. Based on the results of the analysis in the first cycle the average student's speaking skills are obtained as much as 70% ("medium" category). Then in the second cycle students' skills improved. The average speaking skills of students are 74% ("medium" category). And in the third cycle the average skill of students are 81.4% ("high" category). Based on the results of these studies it can be concluded that the application of the debate method can improve students' speaking skills in terms of pronunciation, fluency, vocabulary, and sentence structure.
Taṭwīr al-māddah al-Ta’limiyyah li maharah al-Qira’ah ‘ala Asas al-Qiṣṣah al-Maḥalliyyah Li Ṭalabah al-Ṣaf al-Tsālits li al-Mutawassiṭah bi Ma’had al-Zahrah al-‘Asri Bireuen
Authors: Amin Muhammad
Published: January 2020

Teaching and learning process constitutes a process which involves several substances purporting to achieve the aims having been planned. Teachers, students and curriculum are teaching and learning foundations. Books are part of a curriculum which plays an important role as a source of insight and information which are taught to students. Good books are books which are enjoyable and interesting to students. These efforts can be made by utilizing teaching media which induce enjoyable impressions which make books interesting. Therefore, the researcher wished to develop the contents of al-Qiraah al-Rasyidah by utilizing pictures. The researcher analyzed the problems and needs required to develop this book at the modern Islamic boarding school of Islamic Senior high school of Az-Zahrah. In this research, the researcher was willing to highlight the steps of how this book was developed, the obstacles faced during this investigation and the effectiveness of the output of this research. This research applied the method of developmental research. The approach utilized was qualitative in order to acquire the supporting data and the quantitative data were utilized to understand the output of this research. The tools used in this research were tests and interview and the data were processed with the correlation of t-test. This was conducted on the basis of the phases that have been determined in the methodology and this developmental research. Although there was an obstacle faced during this investigation, among others were the difficulties in finding illustrators and so on, al-Qiraah al-Rasyidah book which underwent the development process with pictures was effective in terms of student factors.
Kitāb al-Naḥw al-Wāḍih wa al-Ṭarīqah al-Istinbāṭiyyah wa Fa’āliyyah Istikhdāmihā li Tarqiyyah Fahm al-Ṭalabah fī Qawā’id al-Naḥw
Authors: Muharidinsyah Muharidinsyah
Published: January 2020

Textbook is important for student as main media in learning Arabic and significant to teacher for teaching besides suitable method in order to achieve necessary result, is the textbooks, however, must be fit students’ level of capability and nahwu al-wadhih is one of effective textbooks for any students’ level since it offers practical study which goes along with istinbathiyah method. Thus the writer is interested in conduct research that concerns on application of nahwu al-wadhihin Darul Hikmah boarding school, and decided to entitle this research as “effectiveness in using nahwu al-wadhih and istinbathiyah method to improve students’ understanding in Arabic grammar”. The aim of this study is to reveal the effectiveness of using nahwu al-wadhih and istinbathiyah method in Darul Hikmah boarding school and to disclose students’ responses toward Arabic grammar using nahwu al-wadhih and istinbathiyah method in DarulHikmah boarding school. This research uses a quasi-experimental design method. Research instruments for this research are interview along with pre-test and post-test. Result of study indicates that using nahwu al-wadhih and istinbathiyah method is effective to improve students’ understanding in learning Arabic grammar in DarulHikmah and students’ responses in learning Arabic grammar using nahwu al-wadhih and istinbathiyah method in Darul Hikmah are enthusiastic and excited.
Ser professor de geografia: divagações, ações e reflexões
Authors: Freitas Maria Isabel Castreghini de
Published: January 2020

Este artigo pretende compartilhar reflexões de autores que desenvolvem estudos em Geografia, formação docente e qualidade de ensino combinados com divagações e experiências profissionais da autora no que concerne à identidade docente de Geografia, a formação inicial em Geografia, bem como experiências de formação continuada no CECEMCA/UNESP (2004 – 2009). Dentre os desafios colocados ao leitor, diante das discussões apresentadas no texto, ficam o pensar na forma como se vem conduzindo a formação inicial dos professores nas Universidades, sugerindo ações intergradoras de disciplinas, ações pedagógicas de caráter contínuo envolvendo os sistemas de ensino e as Universidades e a proposição da formação continuada de professores pautada na troca de experiências entre os pares e nas necessidades dos docentes e das escolas
Rede urbana, serviços de saúde e o transporte intermunicipal de beneficiários do SUS: aproximações de análise ao caso da Região Metropolitana do Vale do Paraíba e Litoral Norte, SP.
Authors: Gomes Cilene , Paula Adriana Maria de , Nobre Leonardo
Published: January 2020

O objetivo do artigo é analisar o serviço de transporte intermunicipal de beneficiários do SUS, no quadro da distribuição desigual dos estabelecimentos de saúde de média e alta omplexidade entre diferentes municípios. As aproximações de análise efetivam-se no contexto da rede urbana regional do Vale do Paraíba e Litoral Norte (SP) e dos municípios de Aparecida e Caraguatatuba. A metodologia utilizada é de caráter exploratório e busca estabelecer apontamentos gerais para discussões sobre a integração regional e a interdisciplinaridade do conhecimento. Para isso, parte-se de quantificação estatística, informações oficiais e considerações sobre o interesse comum aos estudos urbanos-regionais e da saúde, articulando as preocupações com a questão da regionalização, da rede urbana e da organização dos serviços de saúde.
Historical and structural survey of 19th and early 20th century built heritage in northern Vojvodina
Authors: Aladzic Viktorija , Grkovic Slobodan , Dulic Olivera
Published: January 2020

Studies of the historical development of construction and applied building
materials have so far mainly focused on the most important architectural and
engineering achievements that had a major impact on further developments.
This paper focuses on the development of structures and building materials
in a region that has not been the subject of previous researches, as the
buildings studied belong to the narrow geographical area of northern
Vojvodina during the period when it was part of Austro-Hungarian Empire. The
research includes a detailed analysis of the preserved archival material,
review of the literature, as well as analysis and research on individual
buildings during restoration works. The results shown in the paper reveal
the appearance of exceptional design solutions for individual structures and
architectural achievements in the seemingly uninteresting and stalled
provincial environment.
Additional insight into creative contribution of Le Corbusier
Authors: Cakaric Jasenka , Idrizbegovic-Zgonic Aida
Published: January 2020

Social turbulences and discontinuities of the 20th century, have as always
reflected upon scientific and creative achievements, most visible in changes
in architectural thought and relation to space. First half of the 20th
century was shaped by the modernist movement, represented through technical
and technological achievements of building into economy, social context and
culture giving an overall sense of units and spirt of urbanism and
architecture of the modern era. In architecture there is a special place for
the architect of the new era Le Corbusier whose narrative shaped and
dominated the urban and architectural medium. Through research one can draw
an analogy conceived by Le Corbusier between a typical serial housing unit
and his functionalist urban and regional planning. He was at the same time
praised and despised, but has definitely shaped the urban landscape as we
know it today. Through research into his essence and paradigms and
contribution, this paper aims to reflect his urban design process that
originated in multiplication and standardization of single units (family or
collective) combined with his visions for an expanding cityscape.
Numerical analysis of finite hypo-elastic cyclic deformation with large rotations
Authors: Trajkovic-Milenkovic Marina , Bruhns Otto
Published: January 2020

Constitutive relations which describe engineering materials behaviour during
the finite elastoplastic deformations are usually presented in the form of
rates of stresses and strains. One of the possible approaches in the
constitutive relations formulation is the additive decomposition of the
total deformation rate into its elastic part and its plastic part. The
elastic deformation rate contributes to any elastoplastic deformation at any
stage. Hence, its exact and well-considered formulation is of particular
importance and it has to be properly predicted by the corresponding material
law. This is of great importance in particular when deformation cyclic
processes are considered, in which case small errors may accumulate, even if
the total deformation is small. The implementation of the most frequently
used corotational rates, i.e. the Jaumann rate and the Green-Naghdi rate, in
the hypo-elastic constitutive relations regarding small and moderate
rotations gives accurate results for low number of repeated deformation
cycles. With increased number of cycles, however, the implementation of
these rates results in different and physically non-admissible material
responses. This instability in results is particularly observable during the
cyclic deformations with large rotations, which is the main subject of this
work. In contrast to the aforementioned objective rates, the results of the
logarithmic rate implementation into the hypo-elastic constitutive relations
for the case of pure elastic deformation describe a physically stable
process.
Novel single layer fault tolerance RCA construction for QCA technology
Authors: Taheri Zahra , Rezai Abdalhossein , Rashidi Hamid
Published: January 2020

Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) technology has become a promising and
accessible candidate that can be used for digital circuits implementation at
Nanoscale, but the circuit design in the QCA technology has been limited due
to fabrication high-defect rate. So, this issue is an interesting research
topic in the QCA circuits design. In this study, a novel 3-input Fault
Tolerance (FT) Majority Gate (MG) is developed. Accordingly, an efficient
1-bit QCA full adder is developed using the developed 3-input MG. Then, a
new 4-bit FT QCA Ripple Carry Adder (RCA) is developed based on the proposed
1-bit FT QCA FA. The developed circuits are implemented in the QCA Designer
tool version 2.0.3. The results indicate that the developed QCA circuits
provide advantages compared to other QCA circuits in terms of double and
single cell missing defect, area and delay time.