bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The possibility of documentation through animation: A comparative study of the animated short Pica-Don and other artworks addressing social/historical issues
Authors: Nagao Makiko
Published: July 2019

In previous studies on animated documentary, discussions have mainly focused on the capacity of animation to supplement or enhance recorded audio-visuals. Thus, while animation is highly regarded for its ability to broaden and enrich documentary expression, it appears to be placed in the secondary or subsidiary position to recorded audio-visuals. Taking a different viewpoint, this article explores the potential of animation to operate by itself as a representational medium, through a comparative study of the animated short Pica-Don (Kinoshita, 1978) and four artworks of other genres, all of which refer to real social/historical events. Pica-Don attempts to present a general description of the event of 6 August 1945 using animation, music and sound effects, based on thorough investigation of historical documents as well as the drawings, writings and testimonies of survivors. As the film refrains from using language, it is not endowed with specific detail. Instead, the event of that day are condensed intensively, causing the viewer to feel as though they are going through a simulated experience. This article explores how documentation is made possible in animation, and considers the potential capabilities that are unique to animation in this regard. It argues that subjective animation may be considered another form of documentation through presenting a general description of a social/historical event.
Hysteria: An autoethnographic reflection on making an animated documentary film from archive material
Authors: Scott-Hawkins Alys
Published: July 2019

This paper investigates the process of collection, interpretation and modification in the making of an experimental animated documentary film. In 2001, I made a two-minute film, Hysteria, as a first year project on the master’s animation course at the Royal College of Art. Given as a starting point the word ‘bedlam’, I researched the history of mental healthcare and discovered documentation of medical practices in the late 1800s of clitoridectomy and genital massage as a ‘cure’ for the condition of hysteria. Making the film was a singular, insular journey – a stream-of-consciousness voyage of discovery: uncovering and collating material and then interpreting it through visual experimentation. Key to my process was use of a sketchbook that became a space for montage: juxtaposing material from contemporary sources against archive documents and incorporating research material into my visual experiments. Using autoethnographic writing, I return to the state of mind that produced this film – asking how and why it came to exist - and through audio reflection I re-read the sketchbook to analyse the processes of drawing, annotating and editing which produced it. In doing so, I attempt to understand the intuitive process of interpretation, and to draw out insights which can inform my future practice.
Association between low-grade chronic inflammation with adipocytokines and body fat mass in superobese male children
Authors: Hendarto Aryono , Sastroasmoro Sudigdo , Sjarif Damayanti Rusli
Published: July 2019

Background Obesity causes adipocytokines dysregulation and enhances the pro-inflammatory response. Low-grade chronic inflammation is related to cardiometabolic diseases.

Objective To evaluate the status of low-grade chronic inflammation in pre-pubertal, obese boys and its potential correlation to adipocytokines and body fat mass.

Methods This cross-sectional study included pre-pubertal, male, superobese children as the subjects. We determined obesity status using the CDC 2000 BMI-for-age chart. Body fat percentage was measured using bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA). Fasting blood specimens were collected to evaluate hsCRP, leptin, adiponectin, and TNF-α levels.

Results Eighty subjects were recruited into this study, with a mean age of 6.9 years. Ten subjects (12.5%) had low-grade chronic inflammation (hsCRP level ≥ 1 mg/L). The levels of hsCRP was not correlated with leptin, adiponectin, and TNF-α levels. A weak, but significant correlation was observed between hsCRP level and body fat mass (r= +0.383; P<0.0001). The hsCRP level increased with increasing body fat mass, until it reached its peak at body fat mass of 28 kg. Beyond that point, hsCRP level was stable.

Conclusion Low-grade chronic inflammation begins at a young age in obese children. The hsCRP level has a weak correlation with body fat mass, but no correlation with adipocytokine levels. Prevention and treatment of childhood obesity should be prioritized to prevent further cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
Prognostic factor of heart failure in children with left-to-right shunt acyanotic congenital heart disease
Authors: Inrianto Weny , Murni Indah K. , Mulatsih Sri , Nugroho Sasmito
Published: July 2019

Background Anemia is highly prevalent and affects morbidity and mortality in adults with acquired heart disease. However, its role in children with acyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) is unclear.

Objective To assess anemia and other potential prognostic factors of congestive failure in children with left-to-right shunt acyanotic CHD.

Methods We conducted a case-control study in the Pediatric Cardiology Clinic, Dr. Sardjito Hospital from January to December 2017 in children with left-to-right shunt acyanotic CHD. The case and control groups consisted of subjects with and without heart failure, respectively. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin concentration <11 g/dL. Measured outcome was the prevalence of congestive heart failure, as determined by the Ross criteria. Anemia, defect type, defect size, age at diagnosis, and gender were analyzed by logistic regression analysis as potential predictive factors of heart failure.

Results Of 100 children with left-to-right shunt acyanotic CHD, 50 had heart failure (the case group) and 50 did not (the control group). The prevalence of anemia was 45%. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that defect size was the most significant factor for predicting heart failure, with adjusted OR 7.6 (95%CI 2.5 to 22.8) for moderate shunts and 21.1 (95%CI 6.8 to 65.4) for large shunts. Anemia, type of defect, age of diagnosis, and gender were not statistically significant factors for predicting outcomes.

Conclusion Anemia is not a significant, prognostic factor for heart failure in children with left-to-right shunt acyanotic CHD. However, moderate and large shunts in children with left-to-right shunt acyanotic CHD are predictive of the occurrence of congestive heart failure.
Corticosteroids for pediatric septic shock patients
Authors: Yuniar Irene , Manusita Vembricha Nindya , Low Sonya Leonardy
Published: July 2019

Background Septic shock remains a major cause of mortality and admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in children. Management includes adequate fluid resuscitation, followed by catecholamine infusion, if needed. Corticosteroid therapy is advised for catecholamine-refractory shock, although this practice is controversial, as it was not beneficial in other studies.

Objective To assess corticosteroid use in pediatric septic shock patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.

Methods This cross-sectional study included all patients aged 1 month-18 years with a diagnosis of septic shock during the study period of January 2014 to July 2018 admitted in PICU Dr. Cipto Mangunkuskumo Hospital, Jakarta. Data obtained from medical records were, age, sex, immunology status, port d’entrée of sepsis, inotropic and vasopressor usage, mechanical ventilation, corticosteroid type, hospital length of stay (LOS), and mortality outcome.

Results Of 217 children with septic shock, 12 patients (5.5%) received corticosteroid therapy. The most common corticosteroid given was hydrocortisone (80%), with a 2 mg/kg BW loading dose, followed by a continuous infusion dose of 2-50 mg/kg BW/day. Almost all patients (11/12) received corticosteroid therapy until they died. Median duration of corticosteroid use was 2 (range 1-7) days, median number of inotropes and vasopressors used was 3 (range 2-4) agents, median LOS was 3 (range 1-9) days, and mortality rate was 100%.

Conclusion A small proportion of pediatric septic shock patients received corticosteroid therapy. Their mortality rate was 100%. Further clinical study is needed to evaluate the benefit of corticosteroid therapy in pediatric septic shock patients.
Waist circumference, body mass index, and skinfold thickness as potential risk factors for high blood pressure in adolescents
Authors: Dewi Roslina , Ramayati Rafita , Rosdiana Nelly , Ramayani Oke Rina , Siregar Rosmayanti , Siregar Beatrix
Published: July 2019

Background The prevalence of hypertension in children and adolescents has increased with the rising obesity epidemic. Recent studies have found that prevalence of hypertension was higher in obese children or adolescents than in the normal weight ones. Anthropometric measurements such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and skinfold thickness have been used as criteria to determine obesity in children and adolescents. Increased waist circumference has been most closely related to increased blood pressure.

Objective To compare waist circumference, BMI, and skinfold thickness as potential risk factors for hypertension in adolescents.

Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2014 in three senior high schools in Medan, North Sumatera, and included 253 students with normal urinalysis test. All subjects underwent blood pressure, waist circumference, tricep- and subscapular-skinfold thickness (TST and SST), body weight, and body height measurements. The study population was categorized into underweight, normoweight, overweight, and obese, according to four different criteria: waist circumference, BMI, TST, and SST; all variables were analyzed for possible correlations with systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

Results There were significant positive correlations between systolic blood pressure and waist circumference (OR 7.933; 95%CI 2.20 to 28.65; P=0.011) as well as BMI (OR 4.137; 95%CI 1.16 to 14.75; P=0.041). There were also significant correlations between diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference (OR 3.17; 95%CI 1.83 to 5.51; P=0.002), BMI (P=0.0001; OR=3.69), TST (OR 4.73; 95%CI 2.31 to 9.69; P=0.0001), and SST (OR 3.74; 95%CI 2.35 to 5.94; P=0.0001). Multivariate analysis showed that waist circumference was a predictive factor for systolic blood pressure (OR 9.667), but not for diastolic blood pressure.

Conclusion Waist circumference is the strongest, significant, predictive factor for elevated systolic blood pressure; meanwhile BMI, SST, and TST could be predictive factors for elevated diastolic blood pressure.
Diagnostic value of electrocardiography for ventricular septal defect
Authors: Sarmila Besse , Iskandar Burhanuddin , Daud Dasril
Published: July 2019

Background Congenital heart disease (CHD) in children requires attention from medical practitioners, because CHDs that are diagnosed early and treated promptly have good prognoses. Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common type of congenital heart disease.

Objective To compare the accuracy of electrocardiography (ECG) to echocardiography in diagnosing VSD.

Methods This diagnostic study was conducted from November 2013 until July 2015. It involved patients with acyanotic CHDs who were suspected to have VSD at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, South Sulawesi.

Results Of 114 children screened, 97 were included and analyzed. The frequency of positive VSD was 69.1% based on ECG, and 99% based on echocardiography. There was a significant difference between ECG and echocardiography (P=0.000). However, when small VSDs were excluded, there was no significant difference between the two diagnostic tools [(P=1.000), Kappa value was 0.66, sensitivity was 98.5%, specificity was 100%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 100%, and negative predictive value (NPV) was 50%].

Conclusion There were significant differences between the ECG and echocardiography, for diagnosing VSD. However, if small VSDs were not included in the analysis, there was no difference between the two examinations, suggesting that ECG might be useful for diagnosing VSD in limited facilities hospitals.
Predictors of mortality in children with acute kidney injury in intensive care unit
Authors: Rakhmawati Umi , Murni Indah K. , Rusmawatiningtyas Desy
Published: July 2019

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) can increase the morbidity and mortality in children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Previous published studies have mostly been conducted in high-income countries. Evaluations of possible predictors of mortality in children with AKI in low- and middle-income countries have been limited, particularly in Indonesia.

Objective To assess possible predictors of mortality in children with AKI in the PICU.

Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. All children with AKI admitted to PICU for more than 24 hours from 2010 to 2016 were eligible and consecutively recruited into the study. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors.

Results Of the 152 children with AKI recruited, 119 died. In order to get a P value of <0.25, multivariate analysis is run to degree AKI, ventilator utilization, primary infection disease, MOF and age.Multivariate analysis showed that ventilator use, severe AKI, and infection were independently associated with mortality in children with AKI, with odds ratios (OR) of 19.2 (95%CI 6.2 to 59.7; P<0.001), 8.6 (95%CI 2.7 to 27.6; P<0.001), and 0.2 (95%CI 0.1 to 0.8; P=0.02), respectively.

Conclusion The use of mechanical ventilation and the presence of severe AKI are associated with mortality in children with AKI admitted to the PICU. Interestingly, the presence of infection might be a protective factor from mortality in such patients.
Relationship between serum zinc and homocysteine in children with nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Hamik Welli , Hilmanto Dany , Rahayuningsih Sri Endah
Published: July 2019

Background In children, most idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a minimal lesion, which responds well to steroids. Hyperhomocysteinemia is pathologic and worsens NS by causing chronic inflammation, leading to glomerular sclerosis. Zinc metalloenzymes are involved in homocysteine metabolism.

Objective To assess for a possible relationship between serum zinc and homocysteine in children with NS.

Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in children with NS aged 1-18 years, who were admitted to Hasan Sadikin Hospital from November 2017 - January 2018. Subjects were selected consecutively. Serum zinc and homocysteine were measured in all subjects. Statistical analysis was done with Pearson’s correlation test. If the distribution was not linear, the analysis was continued with non-linear regression.

Results There were 23 children who met the inclusion criteria. Mean serum homocysteine and zinc levels were 10.37 (SD 4.11) µmol/L and 51.13 (SD 29.69) µg/dL, respectively. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed no linear correlation between them (r coefficient -0.173; P=0.430). However, after adjusting for age and serum albumin level, multiple regression analysis suggested a cubical relationship between serum homocysteine and zinc, using the equation: homocysteine = -4.572 + 0.735 x zinc - 0.0012 x zinc2 + 0.00005 x zinc3 x age (months) (R2 multiple=53.2%; P=0.012). This equation indicates that 53.2% of homocysteine variation was influenced by serum zinc concentration.

Conclusion In childhood NS, homocysteine is not correlated linearly with zinc, but related with cubical model.
Iatrogenic Bilothorax: A Rare Complication of Orthotopic Liver Transplant
Authors: Karnik Nihaal P. , Shair Kamal A.
Published: July 2019

Bilothorax is a rare condition involving drainage of bile from the biliary system into the lung's pleural space. Several cases have been reported in the literature, where the most commonly reported cause is iatrogenic injury. To date, no cases of bilothorax as a complication of liver transplantation have been reported. Given its rarity and concurrent morbidity, early recognition is paramount as this condition can quickly deteriorate into adult respiratory distress syndrome.
Military Expenditures and Shadow Economy in the Central and Eastern Europe: is There a Link?
Authors: Fedotenkov Igor , Schneider Friedrich
Published: July 2019

The main goal of our paper is to determine the existence of a link between government (military) expenditures and the shadow economy in the Central and Eastern European countries, which are the members of the European Union. The empirical investigation is conducted for the years 2003–2015. We show that there is a high statistically significant positive dependence between the size of the shadow economy and military expenditures in the Baltic States. Our conclusion is that higher military expenditures indeed lead to a larger shadow economy and this result is robust to different model specifications. In order to demonstrate the importance of our results, we undertook a simulation, where we calculated how much the size of the shadow economy would increase if the size of military expenditure as a percentage of GDP were to double. For example, in the Czech Republic, such an expansion would have led to an increase in the size of the shadow economy from 11.50% to 12.96%, and in Estonia, from 18.34% to 22.72% in 2012.
Hamiltonian Graph Analysis – Mixed Integer Linear Programming (HGA-MILP) Based Link Failure Detection System in Optical Data Center Networks
Authors: Gupta Rajat , Aggarwal Mona , Swaran Ahuja and
Published: July 2019

The internet services have become more popular rapidly over the decades. This is because of the inspiration created by new content-hungry applications on end-user devices like smart phones. Wavelength division multiplexed mesh networks are the optical backbone, working as the aggregating point of huge volume traffic, interconnecting several access networks and end users. The need of virtual data center is to retain services in case of failures such as optical link failures and resource or power outage in data centers that occurs in the cloud infrastructure and improve the survivability. The physical infrastructure may disconnect the virtual machines and physical data centers. This leads to the reduction in computational as well as communicational capabilities of the cloud. To overcome these issues, an integer linear programming model called hamiltonian graph analysis – mixed integer linear programming (HGA-MILP) is proposed in this work by utilizing hamiltonian graph model. The main motive of this research is to design a survivable data centre network mapping problem against physical link failures. Use of hamiltonian path methodology is helpful to organize data and improve network performance.
PAPR Reduction for O-OFDM UOWC System
Authors: Bai Jurong , Dai Hang , Zhao Feng , Yang Yi , Wang Yanben
Published: July 2019

In this paper, a combination of Tone Reservation-Signal to Clipping noise Ratio (TR-SCR) and Companding schemes is proposed for underwater wireless optical communication (UOWC), in order to solve the problem of high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of underwater Optical-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (O-OFDM) system. Two optical modulation schemes, namely Direct Current-biased Optical OFDM (DCO-OFDM) and Asymmetrically Clipped Optical OFDM (ACO-OFDM), are adopted separately to achieve intensity modulation/direct detection over the seawater channel, with a distance of 100 meters of wireless optical transition to obtain the system bit error rate (BER). In the TR-SCR scheme, only the maximum amplitude signal is selected to reduce the complexity of the algorithm. The LSA method is introduced in the TR-SCR scheme for iteratively updating the signal to speed up the convergence. Finally, with the combination of the Companding scheme, the PAPR performance is significantly improved. The PAPR of the underwater optical OFDM system is reduced to 3.85 dB with its BER still satisfying the UOWC system requirements.
Zielkonflikte und Fehlanreize: Eine Analyse der Anreizwirkungen im Schweizer Finanzausgleich
Authors: Leisibach Patrick , Schaltegger Christoph A.
Published: July 2019

Der Finanzausgleich ist ein wichtiges Element im ausgeprägten Schweizer Steuerföderalismus. Die sich daraus ergebende Reduktion von Finanzkraftunterschieden steht jedoch im Konflikt mit wirksamen Anreizen zur Teilnahme am Steuerwettbewerb. Patrick Leisibach und Christoph A. Schaltegger quantifizieren in diesem Beitrag die systemimmanenten Anreizeffekte im Schweizer Finanzausgleichssystem mittels einer Berechnung der Grenzabschöpfungsquoten. Insbesondere finanzschwache Kantone haben im bestehenden System nur geringe Anreize, die eigenen Steuereinnahmen mittels attraktiver (Steuer-)Politik zu steigern. Die Steuermehreinnahmen infolge von neuen Unternehmensgewinnen vermögen bei zwei von drei Kantonen die Abschöpfung durch den Finanzausgleich nicht zu kompensieren. Deshalb ist es mehr als fraglich, ob das Ziel, die Disparitäten zwischen den Kantonen abzubauen, langfristig erreicht werden kann. Wie Simulationsrechnungen zeigen, können aktuelle Reformen das Problem mildern. Für eine weiterreichende Problemlösung wäre der aktuell progressive Ausgleichstarif durch einen linearen Tarif bei gleichzeitiger Absenkung der Mindestausstattung zu ersetzen. Da letzteres politisch wenig Sympathien genießt, erörtern die Autoren abschließend einen Alternativvorschlag.
GABAAReceptors Are Well Preserved in the Hippocampus of Aged Mice
Authors: Palpagama Thulani H. , Sagniez Mélanie , Kim SooHyun , Waldvogel Henry J. , Faull Richard L. , Kwakowsky Andrea
Published: July 2019

GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the nervous system. GABAAreceptors (GABAARs) are pentameric ionotropic channels. Subunit composition of the receptors is associated with the affinity of GABA binding and its downstream inhibitory actions. Fluctuations in subunit expression levels with increasing age have been demonstrated in animal and human studies. However, our knowledge regarding the age-related hippocampal GABAAR expression changes is limited and based on rat studies. This study is the first analysis of the aging-related changes of the GABAAR subunit expression in the CA1, CA2/3, and dentate gyrus regions of the mouse hippocampus. Using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry we found that the GABAergic system is robust, with no significant age-related differences in GABAAR α1, α2, α3, α5, β3, and γ2 subunit expression level differences found between the young (6 months) and old (21 months) age groups in any of the hippocampal regions examined. However, we detected a localized decrease of α2 subunit expression around the soma, proximal dendrites, and in the axon initial segment of pyramidal cells in the CA1 and CA3 regions that is accompanied by a pronounced upregulation of the α2 subunit immunoreactivity in the neuropil of aged mice. In summary, GABAARs are well preserved in the mouse hippocampus during normal aging although GABAARs in the hippocampus are severely affected in age-related neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease.
Clima organizacional y satisfacción del usuario externo en los servicios de hospitalización del Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, 2017
Authors: Fernández-Oliva Danitza , Revilla-Velásquez María E. , Kolevic-Roca Lenka A. , Cabrejos-Castilla Irma , Muchaypiña-Gallegos Isabel , Sayas-Avilés Iris , Chávez-Conde Lizeth , Mamani-Urrutia Víctor A.
Published: July 2019

Introducción. El clima organizacional dentro de las instituciones de salud y la satisfacción del paciente se utilizan para evaluar y mejorar la calidad de los servicios de salud. Objetivo. Determinar el clima organizacional y la satisfacción del usuario externo sobre la atención medica recibida en los servicios de hospitalización del Instituto Nacional Salud del Niño (INSN). Métodos. En el año 2017 se aplicó una encuesta para calificar el clima organizacional a los trabajadores de los servicios de hospitalización del Departamento de Medicina del INSN. La satisfacción del usuario externo se midió mediante la encuesta SERVQUAL aplicada a los usuarios externos. Resultados. La calificación del clima organizacional fue de 76,3%, considerada como mejorable; y la satisfacción global del usuario externo fue de 64,4%. El clima organizacional en las dimensiones de identidad, comunicación organizacional y estructura lograron el calificativo de saludable y la dimensión remuneración obtuvo el calificativo de no saludable. La dimensión mejor valorada por los usuarios externos fue: ¿durante su hospitalización recibió visita médica todos los días?; y la menos valorada: ¿los trámites para el alta fueron rápidos?. Conclusión. La calificación global del clima organizacional fue de 76,3% y la satisfacción global del usuario externo fue de 64,4% en el INSN.
Entrenamiento muscular respiratorio en un paciente neurocrítico con ventilacion mecanica prolongada
Authors: Garcìa Adriana Monsalve , Astudillo Arias Lesly Yojana , Cruz Mosquera Freiser Eceomo
Published: July 2019

La ventilación mecánica se instaura con frecuencia en los pacientes que ingresan a unidades de cuidados intensivos. A pesar de que su uso en la mayoría de los casos es transitorio, del 32% al 41% de los pacientes neurocríticos la requieren por periodos prologandos debido a diversas condiciones que dificultan el destete. En circunstancias en las que la causa de su prolongación es la debilidad muscular, tiene importancia el entrenamiento muscular inspiratorio, el cual puede contribuir al incremento de la fuerza muscular y facilitar el destete. El objetivo del presente reporte es describir el caso de un paciente de 65 años con hemorragia subaracnoidea Fisher III, ventilación mecánica prolongada, y dificultad para el destete en quien se implementó una estrategia de entrenamiento muscular respiratorio.
Adolescente con esclerosis múltiple de alta actividad
Authors: Huamaní Charles , Rojas Edgard
Published: July 2019

La esclerosis múltiple (EM) es una enfermedad autoinmune del sistema nervioso central (SNC) que se puede presentar de formas muy variadas y progresa generando discapacidad. Menos del 5% de los casos son pediátricos, y aún menos frecuentes son los casos de EM de formas agresivas o de alta actividad. Presentamos el caso de un adolescente de 13 años que en seis meses tuvo tres brotes, cada vez más agresivos, con una alta carga de lesión evidenciada en la resonancia magnética y rápida progresión de su discapacidad. Discutimos la aproximación diagnóstica de la EM en la edad pediátrica, su forma de presentación y la valoración de formas de EM con alta actividad.
Migración intracraneal de aceite de silicona a través del nervio óptico post-vitrectomía
Authors: Quispe Huachaca Jhonathan Percy , Victorio Avila Cesar Antonio , Padilla Flores Juan Roberto
Published: July 2019

La migración intracraneal del aceite de silicona intraocular es una complicación rara en el tratamiento de las complicaciones de la retinopatía diabética. Se han postulado varios posibles mecanismos etiopatogénicos para explicar este fenómeno de migración. El aceite de silicona se presenta hiperdenso en la tomografía, siendo un desafío distinguirlo de la hemorragia subaracnoidea, resaltando la utilidad de la resonancia magnética. En pacientes con evidencia de retinopexia de silicona previa, la visualización de una lesión intraventricular con un artefacto de desplazamiento químico asociado aumenta la posibilidad de que se trate de una migración del aceite de silicona. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con antecedente de retinopexia con aceite de silicona y cefalea intensa, identificándose migración del aceite de silicona al sistema ventricular con estudios de tomografía y resonancia.
Un método de punto proximal escalarizado inexacto para minimización multiobjetivo cuasi-convexa en espacios Euclidianos
Authors: Papa Quiroz Erik , Cruzado Acuña Segundo
Published: July 2019

En este artículo presentamos un método de punto proximal escalarizado inexacto para resolver problemas irrestrictos de minimización multiobjetivo cuasiconvexas definidos en espacios Euclidianos, donde las funciones vectoriales son localmente Lipschitz. Bajo algunas hipótesis naturales, probamos que la sucesión generada por el método está bien definida, y converge globalmente. Seguidamente proporcionando al método propuesto dos criterios de error, se obtienen dos variantes del mismo, y se prueba que las sucesiones generadas por cada una de estas variantes, convergen hacia un punto crítico Pareto-Clarke del problema.
When Parents Take Conflicts to Digital Media
Authors: Moore Bryanna , Lantos John D.
Published: July 2019

Over the past decade, there have been numerous cases around the world in which parents have used digital media to orchestrate public opposition to doctors’ recommendations. Parents are not always “successful” with such efforts; these cases have mixed outcomes and, sometimes, unintended consequences for parents. In this article, we address the current lack of understanding of parents’ goals, motivations, and rationalizations in initiating such campaigns. We analyze 12 cases in which parental digital media campaigns went viral that occurred between 2007 and 2018, with the aim of better understanding parents’ motivations for going public. We identify 7 themes raised by parent-initiated digital media campaigns: (1) changing doctors’ minds, (2) being heard, (3) feeling empowered, (4) buying more time, (5) raising public awareness, (6) feeling that they have done everything possible, and (7) financial gain. Greater attunement to these themes and what is driving parents in such conflicts may help to disrupt the highly adversarial narrative surrounding such cases. It may also inform how clinicians approach disagreements that cross a certain threshold of public interest at the bedside.
Prevalencia de dolor musculoesquelético y factores asociados en odontólogos de la ciudad de Cuenca, Ecuador, 2016
Authors: Pineda Álvarez David Manuel , Carrasco Fabricio Lafebre , Morales Sanmartín Jaime , Álvarez Pesantez Karola del Rocío
Published: July 2019

Introducción: el dolor es uno de los síntomas principales de los trastornos musculoesqueléticos y tiene alta frecuencia en los profesionales de la odontología. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la prevalencia del dolor musculoesquelético y los factores sociodemográficos y laborales asociados en odontólogos que laboran en la ciudad de Cuenca, Ecuador. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal en 240 odontólogos inscritos en la Dirección Provincial de Salud del Azuay de la ciudad de Cuenca hasta el año 2015. Se usó el cuestionario de Kuorinka para determinar síntomas musculoesqueléticos. Se creó un formulario con variables sociodemográficas y las características del dolor para establecer asociaciones estadísticas. La información fue procesada en el programa SPSS versión 22. Resultados: el 58,7% eran mujeres. El promedio de edad fue de 37 años con una DE de 11,6. La prevalencia de dolor musculoesquelético fue del 73,3%. El 90,3% atribuyó el dolor a causas laborales. Los factores asociados al dolor fueron: sexo femenino, sedentarismo, trabajar en el sector público y carga horaria mayor a 30 horas semanales. El dolor musculoesquelético en los odontólogos está asociado estadísticamente a: sexo femenino (OR= 2,60; IC 95%= 1,35 – 4,99; p= 0,004), sedentarismo (OR= 2,42; IC 95%= 1,20 – 4,89; p= 0,013), ejercer en el área pública (OR= 2,97; IC 95%= 1,26 – 6,99; p= 0,012) y carga horaria mayor a 30 horas semanales (OR= 2,21; IC 95%= 1,15 – 4,21; p= 0,017). Conclusiones: el ejercicio de la práctica clínica odontológica constituye un factor de riesgo para la generación de trastornos musculoesqueléticos.Palabras clave: Dolor musculoesquelético; osteomuscular; salud ocupacional; odontólogos; atención odontológica
Implantes extracortos en mandíbulas con extrema reabsorción vertical: serie de casos
Authors: Anitua Eduardo
Published: July 2019

Introducción: el uso de los implantes extracortos permite la rehabilitación de extremas reabsorciones. Esto obliga en ocasiones a la utilización de prótesis sobre los mismos con una proporción corona-implante desfavorable llegando a ratios de 2:1 o de 3:1 en los casos más extremos. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un análisis de casos clínicos donde se insertaron implantes extracortos con un reborde residual (menor o igual a 5,5mm) y tiempo de carga mínimo de seis meses. Se realizó una prueba de chi-cuadrado para las variables categóricas y una t de Student para las variables continuas. Posteriormente, se realizaron modelos de regresión lineal ajustados. Resultados: fueron reclutados seis casos a los que se les insertaron implantes extracortos. El 21,2% de los pacientes incluidos en el estudio fueron hombres y el 78,8% mujeres, con una edad media de 57 años. La proporción corona-implante medio fue de 3,19 (+/- 0,24). La media de la pérdida ósea mesial de los implantes estudiados fue de 0,86mm (+/- 0,33) y la media de la pérdida ósea prodistal fue de 0,83mm (+/- 0,47). Cuando se analizó la pérdida ósea mesial y distal en función proporción no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p=0,224). Conclusiones: el uso de implantes extracortos no es un factor de riesgo para la pérdida ósea crestal o para el fracaso de la prótesis o del implante según los datos aportados por este estudio aun cuando la proporción corona-implante sea superior a tres.
Measuring Socioeconomic Position From The Social Inequalities In Health Perspective?: The Case of Costa Rica
Authors: Fantin MSc Romain , Gómez-Duarte MD, MSc, PhD Ingrid , Sáenz-Bonilla MSc Juan Pablo , Rojas-Araya NP Karol , Barboza-Solís DDS, MSc, PhD Cristina
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Measuring socioeconomic position (SEP) is central in the analysis of social inequalities in health (SIH). It requires the use of updated instruments, adapted to a particular conceptual framework, taking into account the local context and the population characteristics. This study aims to present and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different measurement of SEP used in Costa Rica for the analysis of health inequalities.  Materials and methods: A systematic review of the existing instruments and methods used to characterize SEP in Costa Rica was carried out. Results: There is a great diversity of instruments used as proxies of SEP in Costa Rica, both at the individual, and at geographical level. These measures allow to capture specific dimensions of SEP potentially associated with different health outcomes. Being a latent concept, variables approaching SEP should refer to their specific conceptual framework, be adapted to the study design, and population’s characteristics (e.g. age), and should consider the study feasibility of data collection.  Due to the variety and different conceptual frameworks behind each SEP variable, it is not possible to establish the existence of a gold standard. Conclusion: This review of the Costa Rican health inequalities literature regarding SEP instruments, can contribute to a better use of the existing tools. It will allow researchers to better evaluate the instruments that have been previously validated, their respective theoretical frameworks and limitations, to choose the most suitable proxy of SEP for the local context analyzed.
Nocebo/Placebo Effects in Dental Practice: Two Key Protagonists
Authors: Chavarría-Bolaños DDS, MSc., PhD Daniel , Pozos-Guillén DDS, MSc, PhD Amaury , Montero Aguilar MSc Mauricio
Published: July 2019

Understanding the possible effects that a patient’s psycho-neurobiological processes (such as the nocebo effect) may have on the every-day dental treatments, could assist the clinicians in preventing the onset of adverse events not related directly with the clinical procedure. At the same time, employing pathways to trigger plausible placebo effects could aid the clinician to enhance the outcome of ordinary clinical procedures and the patient’s perspective. Identified factors, which could lead both to positive or negative effects, may be present in different ways. Prior personal experiences, second-hand information, alternative medicine, catastrophizing or patient motivation; all could have an indirect effect in the treatment outcome. A well-informed clinician should use such factors to individualize each patient treatment.
Sastra Ulama Minangkabau: Studi Nilai Didik Akidah dalam Syair Syekh Sulaiman Al-Rasuli
Authors: Yunus Yulizal
Published: July 2019

Syair Syekh Sulaiman al-Rasuli pusaka lama Minangkabau yang sarat pikiran baru, beraliran kognitif dan genre ta’limi (didaktik) kaya dengan materi ajar dalam berbagai disiplin keilmuan sebagai inti kurikulum pendidikan Islam. Karya kreatifnya ini spesifik dalam mensosialisasikan nilai didik akidah dan mental ideologi yang sehat menegakkan akidah dan bela bangsa memiliki kemerdekaan. Dalam nilai didik akidahnya itu terbangun instink tauhid. Meskipun syairnya lahir sebagai bagian wacana kreatif polemik paham khilfiyah di zamannya, namun secara santun punya kekuatan menyadarkan masyarakat memiliki kepekaan konseling, dakwah dan mengajarkan Islam melalui pendekatan keindahah sastra yang santun. Materi ajar juga memberi keteladanan dalam tradisi bersastra bahwa unsur imajinasi tetap konsisten pada basis akidah. Justru dengan basis akidah, syairnya menjadi spesifik memiliki kekuatan unsur imajinatif kreatif (al-mukhaiyalat al-mubda’ah) dan imajinasi konservatif (al-mukhaiyalat al-hāfizhah) sebagai modal pelaksanaan tata-keimanan yang lurus. Materi ajar yang sarat nilai didik akidah itu, pembelajarannya spesifik dan menarik. Hal yang spesifik adalah model pembelajaran materi ajar Islam itu, yang boleh dikatakan model pembelajaran modern integratif dalam cara fragment dan pragmentnya disajikan dengan cara bersyair yang santun, menggelitik dan memekarkan fantasi masyarakat.
Problematika Membaca Teks Arab Mahasiswa Bahasa dan Sastra Arab UIN Imam Bonjol Padang: Analisis Morfologis-Sintaktis-Semantis
Authors: Triana Hetti Waluati , Faisol Yufni , Anuar Latifa Islami , Fitri Aida , Syaifullah Syaifulllah , Osama Ulsa , Hayati Rahmah , Yuni Fitriyati Nurmah
Published: July 2019

Artikel ini membahas problematika membaca teks Arab yang terdapat pada mahasiswa Jurusan Bahasa dan Sastra Arab Fakultas Adab dan Humaniora UIN Imam Bonjol Padang. Kajian yang berupaya melihat fenomena linguistis pada aspek keterampilan membaca bahasa Arab (مهارة القراءة) secara komprehensif dan mendalam ini mengkaji aspek bentuk, sebab dan dampak dari problematika tersebut. Kajian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode dan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Metode kualitatif digunakan dalam rangka mencari kebenaran secara maksimal dan optimal. Pendekatan deskriptif digunakan dalam rangka upaya penyajian hasil penelitian secara rinci dan ditail. Secara umum, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk problematika yang ada dapat dibagi menjadi bentuk morfologis (الصرفي), sintaktis (النحوي), dan semantis (الدلالي). Penyebab munculnya problematika yang ada dapat dibagi menjadi penyebab internal dan eksternal. Sementara dampak dari adanya problematika tersebut terdiri dari dampak internal dan eksternal.
Refleksi Budaya dalam Konstruksi Ungkapan Peribahasa (Analisis Komparatif Budaya Arab dan Indonesia dalam Ungkapan Peribahasa Bermakna Sepadan)
Authors: Azizi Yasmin , Hasan Insanul , Anuar Latifa Islami , Utama Adjie Prasetio , Ilmi Miftahul
Published: July 2019

This article discusses the differences between Arabic and Indonesian cultures represented in the construction of proverbial expressions. The result of the research proves that cultural phenomena are reflected in Arabic and Indonesian proverbs. Two different proverb expressions that have similar meanings are proven to represent two different cultures. The expression of Arabic proverbs which the author has identified reflects the culture of the ignorant Arab society used to have a war, compose poems and literatures, have the culture of trade, and have food typical of Arab society. Besides, the authors identify that the expression of Indonesian proverbs reflects the culture of the community that has a maritime and agrarian-based livelihood source. The cultural phenomenon in the proverb expression is represented by the choice of words used to construct it.
غزوة بدر الكبرى ودور الشع راء فيها
Authors: Ilyas Erizal
Published: July 2019

Perang Badar adalah peperangan pertama orang Islam melawankafir Quraiys، peritiwa besar yang telah merubah peta dunia terutama dijazirah Arab. Keangkuhan kafir Quraisy dan kesombongan yang merekaperlihatkan berbuah malapetaka dengan terbunuhnya beberapa tokohmereka dalam peperangan Badar ini. Peperangan yang tidak diinginkansama sekali oleh ummat Islam ketika itu memberikan banyak pelajaranyang bisa dipetik ummat Islam dikemudian hari sebagai pegangan dalamberdakwah dan menegakkan kalimat Allah dimuka bumi.
The Effect of Improvisation Technique towards EFL Students’ Speaking Ability
Authors: Hadeli Hadeli , Eviani Eviani
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this research was to determine whether Improvisation Technique gave significant difference in teaching transactional and interpersonal conversation text toward students’ speaking ability. This research was also aimed to find out which components of students’ speaking were mostly improved after using Improvisation Technique. True experimental research was used where the sample was chosen by using cluster random sampling. The result of this research showed that the students had made some progresses. It showed that the mean score of students’ speaking ability in experimental class (79.50) was higher than the mean score of students’ speaking ability in control class (72.21). It means that teaching speaking by using Improvisation Technique gives significant effect towards students’ speaking ability. Based on the research finding, it can be concluded that using Improvisation Technique gave significant effect towards students’ speaking ability at class XI of Senior High School 12 Padang. Thus, it is recommended for English teacher should consider the use of Improvisation Technique as an alternative technique in teaching speaking for getting significant effect towards students’ speaking ability.
The Development of Learning Model With An-Nafs Learning Theory
Authors: Rivauzi Ahmad
Published: July 2019

This article aims to explore the theory, An-Nafs learning model and the response of religious teachers at elementary schools in Palupuh, Agam. This study involved all the religious teachers from 19 schools in Palupuh. Based on the questionnaire distributed and then processed by using Likert scale, obtained excellent response from them, both on the aspects of theoretical understanding, urgency, and the benefits of its application to the learning of Islam. The finding showed that all the learning theories today can not be separated from the philosophical view of the nature of man and God. This view will determine how a person treats humans, educates and learns them and also the purpose of the education and learning. The essence of learning in the theory and model of learning An Nafs is the occurrence of changes in the An-Nafs itself as the potential human-psychological (jasad-ruhani)
Analysis on Relational-Understanding in Solving Problem for Field Independent Students
Authors: Yazidah Nok Izatul , Argarini Dian Fitri , Sulistyorini Yunis
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study is to describe students’ relational understanding in solving problems for FI students. The subjects of this research are Senior High School students having field independent cognitive style in Malang and chosen randomly. The subjects consist of two students. Sheet of GEFT test, sheet of Combinatorial questions, and interview sheet were used in this study. The finding of the study showed that medium-academic achievement student had an ability on relational understanding as the same as the high-academic achievement student. Meanwhile, the process in solving problem made by the high-academic achievement student was likely similar to the accurate process in solving problems.
Blended Learning Program: An Alternative Solution to Improve Students TOEFL Score
Authors: Komariah Endang , Hidayat Mukhlis , Nurlaili Nurlaili
Published: July 2019

This action research aims at finding out how the blended learning can improve students toefl score. The design of this research is an action research which consists of four steps in a cycle, they are: planning, action, analysis and reflection. In planning step the reserachers did FGD which involved the students, instructors, the dean, the head of language centres and staff to discuss the problems and the alternative solution, designed the syllabus and prepared the materials. In the action step, the blended learning was implemented , 50%was  in Face to Face (F2F) mode and other 50% was in information and technology (IT) mode (CALL, email, WA and SMS).The subjects were 20 students from 16 Study Programs in FKIP at the eight semester who have ever joined TOEFL but have not achieved the target score stated by the university, 477.The implementation of Blended learning was observed and analyzed as the next step. The Reflection result showed that Blended learning could improve the students TOEFL score. The students also enjoyed the activities and they believed blended learning helped them improve their TOEFL score. Therefore it is recommended that the University implement the Blended learning program as an alternative solution to solve the problem.
University Students’ Ability In Discourse Type Recognition
Authors: Larasati Andyani , Purbani Widyastuti
Published: July 2019

The aim of the study is to identify the discourse type recognition of university students. Descriptive qualitative study was employed to explore the students’ ability in recognizing discourse types. To achieve the objective of the study, a test of discourse type recognition was administered to 25 students of non-English department at a private Islamic university in Yogyakarta. The findings showed that most students found it difficult in recognizing discourse types, the physical form, and the situation in which the discourse types might be found. Other than that, the existence of cultural specificity in discourse types might hinder the students from predicting the proper names for the discourse types. This suggested that the students need to be given more exposures on discourse types and cross cultural understanding to help them identify the discourse types better.
دافعية تعلم اللغة العربية لدى تلاميذ المدرسة الثانوية الحكومية سومنب والمدرسة الثانوية نور الإسلام بسومنب
Authors: Qibtiyah Lutfatul , Alfinnas Shulhan
Published: July 2019

Motivation plays important role in language learning. It has contributed to grow student’s interest in learning Arabic language. This research is aimed to describe real case in State Islamic Senior High School (MAN) Sumenep and Nurul Islam Senior School Sumenep. This study was conducted through qualitative research approach which multi-case study was as research design. The findings are; a. the intrinsic motivation to learn Arabic are that students have an interest in Arabic owing to they need to understand the Quran and intend to continue to pursue higher level, and have positive attitude towards Arabic, b. the extrinsic motivations are their father boost and encourage them to learn the Arabic language, and majority of their teacher are able to use the Arabic language well, and then the Arabic teacher chooses the precise and good method of teaching and learning which enable them to enjoy deepening that language, as well as the heads of both schools have good ability in applying the Arabic language. Furthermore, by various methods of teaching and learning, the Arabic teacher can engage the student motivation to learn that language which formally is used as official language of Islam. In additionally, the use of many kinds teaching medias and instruments and also advice and assistance helps the educator to increase pupil spirit in understanding and using the language.