bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Covid-19 Mathematical Model Based on Vaccine Data: A Descriptive Approach to Eradicate the Outbreak
Authors: Shahrear Pabel , Singha Suhas , Sharma Bidhayok , Tanmi Zarin Tasnim
Published: December 2024

This article presents an overview of vaccine effects and analyses a case study of the COVID-19 outbreaks and the effectiveness of vaccinations in Bangladesh. We have conceptually and numerically explored the model. We determined the reproduction number (R0) using the next-generation matrix methodology. We have evaluated the model's local stability for disease-free and endemic equilibria, determined by the basic reproduction number. We calculated sensitivity indices to examine the parameters' impact on the reproduction number. We present an SVIR model to simulate the impact of the vaccination process, solve it using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta technique, and validate our findings using fourth-order polynomial regression. The results suggest that the COVID-19 situation will improve if a significant proportion of individuals in Bangladesh are vaccinated (2 doses of the available vaccine). In the end, the numerical simulation provides a clear picture of the rising and falling tendency of this disease's spread in parallel with vaccination, as shown by the parameters in the mathematical model. From the perspective of Bangladesh, this study highlights the effect of the COVID-19 vaccine.
Impact of Drought on Soil Microbial Communities
Authors: Silva Sujani De , Kariyawasam Lithma , Thapa Vesh R.
Published: December 2024

Drought, an increasingly prevalent climate stressor due to global warming, profoundly impacts agricultural systems, particularly the soil microbiome. Soil microorganisms are critical for nutrient cycling, plant health, and ecosystem stability, yet drought-induced changes disrupt microbial community structure, function, and interactions with plants. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the effects of drought on soil microbiomes, focusing on microbial diversity, resilience, and functional shifts in agricultural contexts. It highlights key microbial mechanisms underpinning plant drought tolerance, including symbioses with plant growth promoting bacteria and fungi. Furthermore, it addresses knowledge gaps in the long-term effects of repeated drought events, microbial adaptations, and plant-soil feedback mechanisms. By advancing our understanding of drought-microbiome dynamics, this review aims to inform sustainable agricultural practices and resilience strategies to mitigate the adverse impacts of drought on crop productivity and ecosystem health.
Cosmic Free Energy – Dynamics of Reality (Paper 2)
Authors: Patra Rohit
Published: December 2024

The framework presented in this paper explores the dynamic instability of cosmic nodes—localized regions of concentrated energy—at the Planck scale. We propose that these nodes are governed by the interplay of pressure gradients and quantum fluctuations, leading to a continuous redistribution of energy without the establishment of stable equilibrium. Unlike classical thermodynamic systems that tend toward equilibrium, cosmic nodes are in a constant state of flux, where energy densities oscillate unpredictably. Pressure gradients drive the movement of energy, compressing it into high-density regions, while quantum fluctuations add inherent randomness, ensuring perpetual instability. This framework challenges traditional models of static or equilibrium-based systems, offering a fresh perspective on the evolution of energy fields at fundamental scales. The implications of this model extend to cosmological phenomena such as cosmic inflation, quantum foam, and large-scale energy redistribution in the early universe. By bridging concepts in quantum gravity and cosmology, this work contributes to a deeper understanding of the universe’s dynamic, non-static nature, potentially reshaping our understanding of cosmic evolution and energy behavior at the Planck scale.
Evaluation of Advanced Artificial Intelligence Algorithms' Diagnostic Efficacy in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Comparative Analysis of ChatGPT-4o and Claude 3.5 Sonnet Models
Authors: Koyun Mustafa , Taskent Ismail
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide, with early and accurate diagnosis being critical for timely intervention and improved patient outcomes. This retrospective study aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of two advanced artificial intelligence (AI) models, Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT-4o) and Claude 3.5 Sonnet, in identifying AIS from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Methods: The DWI images of a total of 110 cases (AIS group: n=55, healthy controls: n=55) were provided to the AI models via standardized prompts. Their responses were compared to the gold-standard evaluations by radiologists, and performance metrics, including sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, diagnostic accuracy, and inter-model agreement levels, were calculated. Results: Both models exhibited high sensitivity for AIS detection (ChatGPT-4o: 100%, Claude 3.5 Sonnet: 94.5%). However, ChatGPT-4o demonstrated significantly lower specificity (3.6%) compared to Claude 3.5 Sonnet (74.5%). Agreement with radiologists was poor for ChatGPT-4o (κ=0.036) but good for Claude 3.5 Sonnet (κ=0.691). In terms of hemispheric localization accuracy, Claude 3.5 Sonnet (67.2%) outperformed ChatGPT-4o (32.7%). Similarly, for specific AIS localization, Claude 3.5 Sonnet (30.9%) showed greater accuracy than ChatGPT-4o (7.2%), with these differences being statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study highlights the superior diagnostic performance of Claude 3.5 Sonnet compared to ChatGPT-4o in identifying AIS from DWI. Despite its advantages, both models demonstrated notable limitations in accuracy, emphasizing the need for further development before achieving full clinical applicability. These findings underline the potential of AI tools in radiological diagnostics while acknowledging their current limitations.
Comparative Analysis of Gut Microbiota in Adolescents with Mediterranean and Western Diets
Authors: Blaya Maria del Mar , Redruello Marina , Robas Mora Marina , Gonzalez Reguero Daniel , Partearroyo Cediel Teresa , Varela Moreiras Gregorio , Penalba Iglesias Diana , Jimenez Gómez Pedro Antonio , Reche Sainz Paloma
Published: December 2024

Dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet (MD) and the Western diet (WD), influence gut microbiota composition and functionality, which play important roles in energy metabolism and nutrient absorption. The gut microbiota of 19 Spanish adolescents following these diets was studied to investigate their association with microbial diversity and community structure. Functional diversity was evaluated using Biolog EcoPlates, taxonomic composition was assessed with 16S rRNA sequencing via MinION, and phenotypic responses to antibiotics were analyzed using the technic of cenoantibiogram under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Adolescents with high adherence to the MD exhibited greater functional diversity. Under aerobic conditions, no significant differences in MIC values were observed, but under anaerobic conditions, individuals with low adherence to the MD showed lower MICs for most antibiotics tested. The MD group also showed higher abundance of beneficial bacterial genera such as Paraclostridium, Anaerobutyricum, Romboutsia, and Butyricicoccus. In contrast, the WD group had a microbiota composition similar to that of the low-MD group, characterized by decreased abundance of beneficial genera and an altered microbial profile. These results suggest that the MD promotes a healthier and more balanced gut environment, potentially improving metabolic functions in adolescents. The outcomes of this study highlight opportunities for future research to deepen understanding of the long-term health implications of these dietary patterns, as well as the mechanisms regulating the composition and functionality of gut microbial communities.
The Efficacy of a Pain Neuroscience Education Program in Chronic Shoulder Pain: A Randomized, Single - Blinded Trial
Authors: Delgado-Gil Jose Angel , Prado-Robles Eva , Muñoz-Alcaraz Maria Nieves , Seco-Calvo Jesús
Published: December 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of a pain neuroscience education program completed by patients with shoulder pain. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was performed. Fifty-five patients satisfied the eligibility criteria, agreed to participate, and were randomized into an experimental group (n = 27) or control group (n =28). A manual therapy and exercises program was administered for both groups. In addition, a pain neuroscience education protocol was administered for the experimental group for a whole period of 4 weeks (1 session/week, 75mins per session). The measurements taken included the active range of motion, pain, disability, catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, and therapeutic alliance. The outcomes were captured at baseline and after 5 weeks of the intervention. The primary outcome analyzed was the group × time interaction. Results: The 2 × 2 analysis of variance revealed a significant group × time interaction for the active range of motion (F = 15.27; P = .011), disability (F = 6.14; P = .01), catastrophizing (F = 8.79; P = .01), kinesiophobia (F = 7.62; P = .008), and therapeutic alliance (P = .03) in favor of the experimental group. Conclusions: This study showed that the patients with shoulder pain who completed the pain neuroscience program achieved significantly better results in terms of their active range of motion, disability, catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, and therapeutic alliance than compared to those achieved by the control group. Therefore, pain neuroscience education may be beneficial in the treatment of patients with shoulder pain.
Sobre o brincar (mundo da criança) e o ensinar (mundo comum): embates para com a pedagogia da infância
Authors: Schütz Jenerton Arlan
Published: December 2024

A partir de revisão bibliográfica, o presente artigo tematiza os pressupostos da Pedagogia da Infância, especificamente, aqueles vinculados ao brincar e aos aspectos considerados mais importantes para a Educação Escolar. Outrossim, assume-se um posicionamento contrário à Pedagogia da Infância, ao considerar que sua proposta anseia em prometer precocemente uma autonomia às crianças, como se elas fossem uma minoria oprimida e tivessem condições plenas para enfrentar as incertezas e problemas do seu tempo. Além disso, a escola começa mal quando inicia com essa ideia de Pedagogia, pois não vai preparando para a especificidade da educação escolar, ou seja, não dá para botar em suas costas a responsabilidade pela não aprendizagem (jovens chegarem analfabetos na universidade), mas sua postura corrompe as mentes infantis acerca da escola e da própria compreensão do mundo humano comum.
ANALYSIS AND RESEARCH OF HOOK FORGING TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Chukhlib Vitalii , Kostiantyn Kolisnyk
Published: December 2024

The paper analyses the technology of forging heavy-duty hooks. The forging operations for the manufacture of hooks and the combination of deposition and drawing operations are considered, and the quality of hook forging is examined. Based on the analysis, the basic requirements for the quality of hook forging were formed. The modelling of the deposition process with sequential drawing of the forged hook billet was carried out, as well as the modelling of the drawing process without deposition of the billet and their impact on the deformed state and strain distribution across the billet cross-section. The analysis of the strain distribution across the billet cross-section was made by predicting the unevenness of metal deformation during deposition and drawing, as well as only during drawing without deposition of the billet. In two cases, the index of unevenness of deformation of the workpieces in cross-section during drawing was calculated and graphs of unevenness of deformation were constructed, which showed a more appropriate use of sequential drawing and drawing, which provide an increase in the quality of the forged hook.
Outcomes of a Bat-Box Mitigation Scheme in a Mining Development in South Wales, United Kingdom
Authors: Humphries Neil , Price David , Abrahams Carlos
Published: December 2024

Reclamation Highlights:

Bat boxes should be installed in groups and in advance of the planned mitigation. The use of bat boxes should be seen as only a short-term mitigation measure for the loss of bat resting places in woodlands and may need accompanying supplementary measures. The bat boxes should be maintained and monitored until natural or artificially created roosting opportunities develop and are occupied in the accompanying mature trees.
Name Shapes Identity through Linguistic Landscape of Kampung Bugis Banten Province
Authors: Perdana Purnama Rika , Fitriani Dini , Handayani Reli
Published: December 2024

Name shapes identity. A name, especially an ethnic name, can be seen as the unit of linguistics that contains meaning. From a linguistics perspective, the analysis of a name is not only about the language used on a name. It may reveal much information such as people's migration, history, or genealogy. As one of the oldest settlements in Serang, the name of Kampung Bugis, which is located on the coast side of Banten, proved the old migration path of the people from the past. The name Kampung Bugis draws the identity of the residents or the people who once lived in that area. The name straightforward refers to a certain group of people from Makassar, South Sulawesi. Besides, there are 13 villages in Kampung Bugis which represent the existence of the Bugis people from the ancestor to the descendant. Until now, the location of Kampung Bugis can be found in Kasemen district and the name of it lasts for several decades. However, what makes the name last longer? This research explores factors that made the name of Kampung Bugis exist for a hundred years in Banten. Furthermore, this research also wants to explore the toponymic pattern of every place name that surrounds Kampung Bugis. Data in this research is the name of villages near Kampung Bugis in Kasemen district collected from the Banten Governoor website and sorted into several categories. Data is analyzed by using toponymy theories. The result shows that the names of every village near Kampung Bugis represent the existence of the Buginese of Makassar around Banten since many years ago. It proves that the mobility of an ethnic group can be tracked through a place name. Besides, the traditional activities of an ethnic group can be a distinctive factor that helps a place name last for years.
Structure of the Vision and Mission Text of the Indonesian Language Education Masters Study Program Accredited as Excellent in Indonesia
Authors: Noermanzah Noermanzah , Yanti Nafri
Published: December 2024

The vision and mission of a study program are the ideals of a study program that can be realized in a certain context and level and have an impact on graduates who have advantages and outputs that are beneficial to the development of science and society. For this reason, it is important to understand the structure of the text of the vision and mission of the study program, especially in this case the vision and mission of the Indonesian Language Education Study Program which is accredited as superior in Indonesia. For this reason, this study aims to describe the structure of the text of the vision and mission of the Indonesian Language Education Study Program which is accredited as superior in Indonesia. The research method uses the Systemic Functional Linguistics method. The data collection technique uses documentation techniques from the study program website. The research data are the vision and mission of science from nine accredited study programs. Data analysis techniques start from constituent structure analysis, grammatical constituent analysis, and labeling based on class or function. The results of the study show that the structure of the scientific vision text has minimal variations, namely ability, study material or material, and context. Meanwhile, the complete structure of the study program's scientific vision text is the ability, study material or material, context, and level of achievement or in a structure that begins with the level of achievement, ability, audience, level of achievement, study material, level of achievement, and context. Then, the structure of the scientific mission text at least has components of ability, study material, and context or with the structure of ability, study material, and level of achievement. Meanwhile, the complete structure of the mission text consists of ability, study material, context, and level of achievement. However, the mission is not an obligation for the study program in compiling it and the obligations that are compiled are the vision and objectives.
Path planning for multiagent system in a sensing field with obstacles and multiple base stations
Authors: Olasz-Szabó Sára , Harmati István
Published: December 2024

In large area data collection, wireless long-distance data transmission through sensor network reduces network lifetime due to large energy consumption. Therefore, this paper presents a path planning problem for a multiagent system to periodically visit a set of sensor nodes in a sensing field with obstacles while minimizing the data collection time. During data collection, all sensor nodes are visited in each period exactly once by the robots. At the end of one period the collected data is uploaded to one of the base stations. This paper proposes a new approach for constructing clusters and a visiting sequence of nodes, that each robot must visit. To design the clusters and the visiting sequence of nodes a new algorithm based on Ant Colony Optimization is developed. The path planning algorithms from one and multiple base stations are created. Simulations are conducted in various sensing fields with different numbers of agents, measurements are defined, and the results are analyzed. The created algorithms can be utilized for example, to monitor weather phenomena in an agricultural area or reconstructing the path of an intruder in a guarded area.
Visual-based Localization Methods for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Landing Operation on Maritime Vessel
Authors: Nguyen Tien-Thanh , Hamesse Charles , Dutrannois Thomas , Halleux Timothy , De Cubber Geert , Haelterman Rob , Janssens Bart
Published: December 2024

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have become increasingly important in maritime operations due to their ability to perform complex tasks that are difficult or dangerous for humans. However, accurate localization of these UAVs in maritime environments especially during landing operation on maritime vessels remains a challenge, particularly in GNSS denied areas. This paper proposes two visual-based localization methods for UAVs during two different phases of landing operating on maritime vessels. The first method is used for estimating the UAV's position with respect to the vessel during the approach phase. It involves a visual UAV detection and tracking approach using the YOLO detector and OceanPlus tracker trained on a custom dataset. The UAV's position with respect to the vessel is estimated using stereo triangulation. The proposed method achieves accurate positioning with errors below 10cm during landing phases in a simulated environment. The second method is used for final landing phase. We utilize a visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) algorithm, ORB-SLAM3, for real-time motion estimation of a UAV with respect to its confined landing area on a maritime platform. ORB-SLAM3 was benchmarked against multiple state-of-the-art visual SLAM and Visual Odometry (VO) algorithms and evaluated for a simulated landing scenario of a UAV at 16m height with a downward camera. The results demonstrated sufficient speed and accuracy for the landing task. These methods provide a promising solution for precise and reliable localization of UAV in different phases of the landing operation on maritime vessel, especially in GNSS denied environments.
Experimental and Finite Element Analysis Approach for torque assessment in CSFH-based microgrippers with different geometries
Authors: Bocchetta Gabriele , Fiori Giorgia , Sciuto Salvatore Andrea , Scorza Andrea
Published: December 2024

Microgrippers are MEMS devices capable of precise manipulation of objects on a micrometer scale. Few studies in the literature have focused on the dynamic characteristics of microgrippers with capacitive actuators. This work aims to the development of a novel approach that combines experimental measurements with finite element analysis to evaluate the torque exerted by microgrippers characterized by three different geometries. The investigated devices are composed of electrostatic rotary comb-drives and conjugated surface flexure hinges. The microactuators’ rotation has been measured by means of an image analysis technique developed by the Authors, employing videos captured by optical microscope equipped with a high-resolution camera, while the hinge stiffness is estimated through numerical simulations. The experimental results of the different geometries confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach in assessing the torque output of microgrippers’ actuators. The results showed a quadratic trend for the torque as a function of the supply voltage, and that doubling the number of comb-drives results in double the torque. Furthermore, the results also validated the numerical model, allowing the implementation of a phy-digital twin of the device that can be used to simulate the behavior of a microgripper under different conditions and empowering their optimization and design refinement.
Characterization of material alterations in archaeological discoveries using thermography and emissivity changes
Authors: Morello Rosario , De Capua Claudio , Gennaro Andrea M. , Fabbiano Laura
Published: December 2024

The present paper reports the results of a study focused on the characterization of the material alterations in archaeological discoveries. The proposed approach is based on the thermographic analysis of the thermal response of the different parts affected by degradation or alterations such as alveolisation process, erosion, damages, and deposition of iron oxide. Material alterations are characterized by changes of emissivity. Consequently, thermographic images show significant differences in the temperature values even if the object is in thermal equilibrium. This apparent temperature variation can be characterized and compensated by evaluating the emissivity of each part having material alteration. Material alterations are not always visible at naked eye and are even responsible for changes of the dynamic thermal response when external thermal solicitations happen. The erroneous interpretation of such features is inevitably cause of an incorrect analysis of data with consequent altered results. The paper focuses on this issue to advise operators to pay attention to such aspects. The proposed case study is a marble bust of a woman that dates back to ancient Rome. The results show the need to characterize the presence of material alterations by analysing the thermal response in static and dynamic conditions. Recommendations are provided to compensate the thermal changes in thermographic images by assessing emissivity variations.
Dynamic simulation of a novel double Trombe wall to evaluate energy performance in the heating season
Authors: Cristaudo Antonio , Ferraro Vittorio , Nicoletti Francesco , Palermo Giulia , Kaliakatsos Dimitrios
Published: December 2024

In the residential building sector, a sustainable human-environment relationship can be achieved by encouraging both the use of renewable sources and the enhancement of energy efficiency in technical systems and building envelopes. This article performs an energy analysis to evaluate the reduction in energy demand attained by installing two Trombe walls on the south-facing wall of the variable orientation test station at the University of Calabria. The two passive systems were symmetrically placed on either side of the existing window system. The assessment of monthly energy demand during the heating season was conducted using the dynamic simulation software DesignBuilder®. To determine the optimal configuration of the Trombe walls, the influence on energy demand related to the materials used for the support structure, the type and number of glasses forming the solar space, the size of the solar space, and the dimensions of the vents were evaluated. The findings indicate that the installation of the two Trombe walls, each comprising two vents with an area of 0.1 m² and a solar space depth of 0.20 m, vertically enclosed by three glass walls with double low-emissivity glazing, results in a 60.62 % reduction in winter energy demand.
Söylem Analizi Bağlamında Papa II. Urbanus ve Haçlı Seferi Çağrısı
Authors: Çekiç Ayşe
Published: December 2024

Haçlı Seferleri 1096-1291 yılları arasında Batı Avrupa’nın yayılmacı içgüdüyle Doğu İslam dünyasına düzenlediği seferler bütünüdür. Papa II. Urbanus’un Clermont Konsilinde verdiği genel Haçlı vaazı seferlerin yapılma gerekçesini açıklar mahiyettedir. Tanrı meşruiyetiyle Kilisenin sözcüsü olarak seferleri başlatan Urbanus, Clermont vaazında Haçlıların neden Kudüs hac yolculuğuna çıkmaları gerektiği konusunu detaylıca ele almıştır. Bunu yaparken kitlesel bir hareketin fitilini ateşleyen Urbanus’un sözleri o günün şartlarında Batı Avrupa’nın gerek dini gerekse dünyevi ihtiyaçlarını karşılar bir durum arz etmektedir. Urbanus’un Haçlı olacaklara Tanrı desteğini vaat etmesi ve sefere çıkmaktan kaçınanları da İsa Mesih’le korkutması iyi bir motivasyon olarak Haçlı kimliğini sağlamlaştırmıştır. Çalışmada söylem analizi yöntemi kullanılmış ve Haçlı kaynaklarının Urbanus’un vaazıyla ilintili kısımları bütüncül bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Bu sayede Urbanus’un ağzından konuşan kilise ve Avrupa siyasasının ne demek istediği daha anlaşılır bir mahiyet kazanmıştır.
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 21.12.2024 г. по 27.12.2024 г.
Authors: Зимирова Анастасия , Поспелов Михаил , Иванова Александра , Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: December 2024

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по COVID-19 за неделю с 21.12.2024 г. по 27.12.2024 г.
Prevalence of Complications Due to Transphyseal Hematogenous Osteomyelitis
Authors: Cochard Blaise , Ciprani Asia , Cirillo Marco , Habre Céline , Vazquez Oscar , Frizon Louise , Bracci Benedetta , Dayer Romain , Krzysztofiak Andrezj , Ceroni Dimitri
Published: December 2024

Background:

Transphyseal hematogenous osteomyelitis (THO) is a common infectious condition, being present in 25% of patients with hematogenous osteomyelitis. A large proportion of pediatric hematogenous osteomyelitis infections can spread through the growth cartilage and therefore may be potentially responsible for growth disorders, leading to limb-length discrepancy or angular deformities. The purpose of the present study was to identify both the prevalence of complications caused by transphyseal osteomyelitis and factors influencing their occurrence.

Methods:

The records for all patients who had been treated for THO over a 17-year period at the University Hospitals of Geneva and the Gesù Bambino Hospital in Rome were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical, biological, and bacteriological data were analyzed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were reviewed for all patients to assess the cross-sectional area of growth plate involvement. Restart of growth of the affected physeal cartilage was subsequently monitored by means of iterative radiographic examination.

Results:

From a cohort of 594 patients with hematogenous osteomyelitis, 89 patients (15.0%) were found to have THO. The median age was 84 months (range, 1 to 167 months), with a bimodal distribution and peaks at 30 and 150 months; 59.6% (53) of the 89 patients were male. The lower limbs were most often affected, with the distal tibia and fibula accounting for 47.2% of all cases. Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus and Kingella kingae were the most frequently identified pathogens, accounting for 61.8% of the cases. Virulence factors, such as Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST), and accessory gene regulator (Agr), were recorded in 12.4% of MSSA strains. Transphyseal lesions affected a median of 7.6% (range, 0.79% to 58.2%) of the physeal surface. Complications affecting further growth were noted in 13% of patients with THO. Thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis, and the presence of virulence factors significantly influenced the occurrence of complications.

Conclusions:

THO affects all age categories of the pediatric population. In the present study, growth disturbance occurred in 13% of cases. The presence of deep thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis, and virulence factors, such as Agr, TSST, and PVL, seems to strongly influence the occurrence of such complications.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica peruana sobre resistencia a los antibióticos entre 2016-2021
Authors:   , Chupurgo Gutarra Martin Eduardo , Melendez Nuñez Diego Alonso
Published: December 2024

Introducción: La resistencia a los antibióticos es un problema que ha afectado a la salud pública a nivel mundial, ya que poco a poco se han ido desarrollando mecanismos de resistencias lo cual ha provocado un aumento de la tasa de morbimortalidad de las patologías infecciosas. Debido a este acontecimiento, se ha incrementado las investigaciones en varios países donde cada uno plantea medidas y plan de contingencia para poder contrarrestar a las superbacterias que dé a pocos va ganando mayor protagonismo en el ámbito hospitalario. Objetivos del estudio: Realizar un análisis bibliométrico respecto a la producción científica peruana sobre la resistencia a los antibióticos entre 2016 y 2021. Metodología: La metodología de la investigación es de estudio bibliométrico. Se utilizó la base de datos de Scopus para analizar los estudios sobre RAM entre 2016 y 2021. Resultados: Se han identificado 59 artículos sobre el tema en la base Scopus, los cuales han sido publicados en 35 revistas nacionales y extranjeras, siendo la Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública la de mayor número de artículos publicados. Se han identificado 5 autores principales con un mayor número de artículos publicados, y la Institución con mayor número de afiliaciones fue la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia seguida por la Universidad Científica del Sur.
Características de la producción científica mundial por covid-19 sobre la práctica de la lactancia materna exclusiva: análisis bibliométrico en Scopus (2019-2020)
Authors:   , Olivares Ayala Daira Estefania , Quispe Chauca Andrea del Carmen
Published: December 2024

Antecedentes: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las características de la producción científica con relación a la lactancia materna exclusiva durante la pandemia causada por la COVID-19, con la finalidad de promover la producción científica. Métodos: Se utilizó la base de datos Scopus para extraer los metadatos más relevantes. Los datos fueron exportados a Microsoft Excel para ser presentados en tablas. Se extrajeron datos sobre el número de documentos y citas de los países, instituciones públicas y privadas, métricas de las revistas, autores más productivos y patrones de colaboración. Se realizo una actualización de base de datos hasta el año 2023 para abarcar el periodo completo de la pandemia. Resultados: Se obtuvo un total de 1894 documentos de la base de datos Scopus y se excluyó 349 documentos. El pico de publicaciones se encontró en el año 2022. Asimismo, la mayor cantidad de publicaciones se encontraron en el Q1 en los años 2020 hasta el 2023. De igual forma se contó con mayor colaboración nacional (44.3%) y número de citas (n=10970). Entre las universidades que realizaron publicaciones científicas sobre el tema, la Universidad de Harvard (E.E.U.U.) quien lideró en número de publicaciones científicas según el top 10 de instituciones (n=39), pero la Universidad de Toronto (Canadá) tuvo mayor impacto (n=11.60). En la revisión según producción de artículos Breastfeeding Medicine, se posicionó en el primer lugar con un total de 36 publicaciones. Sin embargo, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, pese a su posición en el cuarto lugar del Top 10, tuvo un mayor impacto de citas (n=500). Según el índice de productividad en la categoría del top 10 de autores más productivos, Zöllkau, Janine fue quien más resaltó; por otra parte, el autor Mosca es quien presenta un mayor h-index (n=59)…
Efficient Modeling of Quasi-Periodic Data with Seasonal Gaussian Process
Authors: Zhang Ziang , Brown Patrick , Stafford Jamie
Published: December 2024

Quasi-periodicity refers to a pattern in a function where it appears periodic at a certain frequency but exhibits evolving amplitudes over time. This is often the case in practical settings such as the modeling of case counts of infectious disease or the population dynamics of species over time.In this paper, we consider a class of Gaussian processes, called seasonal Gaussian Processes (sGP), for model-based inference of such quasi-periodic behavior. We illustrate that the exact sGP can be efficiently fitted using its state space representation for equally spaced time points.However, for large datasets with irregular spacing, the exact approach becomes computationally inefficient and unstable. To address this, we develop a continuous finite dimensional approximation for sGP using the seasonal B-spline (sB-spline) basis constructed by damping B-splines with sinusoidal functions. We prove the covariance convergence rate of the proposed approximation to the true sGP as the number of basis functions increases, and show its superior approximation quality through numerical studies.We also provide a unified and interpretable way to define priors for the sGP, based on the notion of predictive standard deviation (PSD).Finally, we implement the proposed inference method on several real data examples to illustrate its practical usage.
Variational Quantum Kolmogorov-Arnold Network
Authors: Wakaura Hikaru , Suksmono Andriyan B. , Mulyawan Rahmat
Published: December 2024

We implemented a quantum version of the Kolmogorov-Arnold Network (KAN) on a quantum circuit. It optimizes the weight of each synaptic connection to enhance the overall performance of the neurons. This approach offers a significant boost in efficiency over traditional neural networks, as it can be optimized more accurately and requires only a few neurons to solve complex problems. The KAN is a multi-layer network, similar to a traditional neural network, with each layer represented as a matrix containing parameters and feedback. This structure is linear and mirrors the form of Variational Quantum Algorithms. Thus, we propose the Variational Quantum Kolmogorov-Arnold Network (VQKAN) as a quantum version of the Kolmogorov-Arnold Network. We demonstrated the optimization of VQKAN for fitting the given function in various ways, such as by using ansatzes and comparisons.
TBR is an RG-I rhamnose O-acetyltransferase required for epidermal cell adhesion in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Waszczak Cezary , Gavarrón Marina Leal , Shahin Lubana , Vlach Jiri , Archer-Hartmann Stephanie , Zhang Liang , Mathus Emily , Tang Tianyu , Vahisalu Triin , Parik Helen , Yarmolinsky Dmitry , Zamora Olena , Johansson Karin , Sierla Maija , Kollist Hannes , Salojärvi Jarkko , Chapla Digantkumar G. , Moremen Kelley , Andersson Mats , Azadi Parastoo , Amsbury Sam , Mohnen Debra , Urbanowicz Breeanna
Published: December 2024

Pectins are enriched in primary cell walls and the middle lamella, determining cell-to-cell adhesion. O-acetylation of pectin backbones influences their physicochemical properties and plays a role in plant development and interactions with the environment. Here we report the isolation and mapping of two trichome birefringence (tbr) mutants from an ozone-sensitivity screen and show that TBR is required for leaf epidermal cell adhesion. We further demonstrate that TBR is an RG-I rhamnose O-acetyltransferase with an acidic pH optimum, and, through structure-function modelling coupled with biochemical analysis determine the significance of mutated amino acid residues. Notably, TBR utilizes multiple O-acetyl donors, and is able to form acyl-enzyme intermediates in the presence of acetylated pectins, suggesting transacetylase activity. We propose that, in tbr, loss of cell adhesion stems from cell wall modifications triggered by decreased RG-I acetylation during leaf cell proliferation. Together, our data suggest that RG-I O-acetylation affects cell adhesion.
Hypertension in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Prevalence, Patterns, Determinants and Implications for cardiovascular risk prediction in Nigerian patients
Authors: Basil Bruno , Mohammed Jamila , Mba Izuchukwu Nnachi
Published: December 2024

Hypertension is a significant comorbidity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), with substantial implications for cardiovascular health. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, patterns, determinants, and cardiovascular implications of hypertension among T2DM patients in Nigeria. A total of 200 T2DM patients were studied, comprising 69 non-hypertensive and 131 hypertensive individuals. There was a high prevalence of hypertension (65.5%) in the study population, predominantly driven by systemic inflammation and long-term diabetes. Hypertensive patients exhibited older age, higher systemic inflammation (elevated hsCRP), longer diabetes duration, and higher cardiovascular risk compared to their non-hypertensive counterparts. Among hypertensive patients, uncontrolled hypertension was common, with a significant clustering in Stage 2 hypertension, highlighting an urgent need for aggressive blood pressure management. Importantly, higher atherogenic risk (AIP) was observed in the uncontrolled hypertension group, emphasizing their increased vulnerability to vascular complications. Multivariate regression analysis identified serum hsCRP levels and diabetes duration as independent predictors of hypertension. These findings emphasize the major role of inflammation and chronic disease progression in the pathogenesis of hypertension among T2DM patients. Comprehensive management strategies focusing on effective blood pressure control, close monitoring of inflammatory markers, and early intervention are essential to mitigate the risk of long-term cardiovascular complications in this population.
Fabric Inspection using Computer Vision
Authors: Senarathne Randitha , Thennakoon Rusitha
Published: December 2024

The textile industry is one of the basic parts of global manufacturing and is about to undergo a significant metamorphosis with the rise in technologies of artificial intelligence and computer vision. Traditionally, fabric inspection has been labor-intensive, requiring a lot of time and highly critical eyes for spotting defects, making it a process often blemished by human error. The advent of AI-enabled technology is allowing textile producers to implement automated inspection systems that enhance efficiency and raise quality benchmarks. This shift not only increases productivity but also guarantees uniformity in production by minimizing defects, ushering in a new age of intelligent manufacturing.
In this project, we developed a fabric inspection system based on computer vision with the YOLOv8 model. Our approach was trained on a dataset containing most frequent fabric defects, including holes, foreign yarn, and slubs (thread errors), as well as surface contamination like dirty marks, dye patches, and oil patches. Several models have been experimented on the dataset, including VGG, ResNet, and YOLOv8, and YOLOv8 performs best in all major metrics: accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, model size, and prediction time.
To make this solution easily accessible and user-friendly, we implemented a FastAPI-based web application that is capable of real-time fabric quality evaluation. The application integrates our YOLOv8 model with a Logitech C270 camera, which captures RGB images for immediate detection of defects and classification of fabric quality using fault rate. This is an example of how AI can elevate the inspection in textiles, making it faster, more accurate, and more reliable than ever.
Taste of Diversity: Immigrant Contributions to South Korea's Agri-Food Market
Authors: Quan Yinhua , Im Jeong-Bin , Kim Young-June
Published: December 2024

Immigration is posited to enhance trade diversity; however, empirical evidence supporting this relationship remains scarce, especially within the realm of migrant populations and their impact on the agri-food sector. This study is the first to focus on South Korea—a country that has experienced a significant influx of immigrants in recent decades and has traditionally been viewed as mono-ethnic, thus having substantial potential for food diversification. We also introduce “variety” as a measure of diversity, commonly used in the trade–welfare nexus, to examine the impact of immigrants on agri-food imports diversity. Using data from 2009 to 2021 for all the trading partners of South Korea in the agri-food sector, we applied System Generalized Method of Moments estimation within a gravity model framework. The results show that immigrants significantly enhance both agri-food import values and varieties in South Korea. Additionally, immigrants from regions with similar dietary cultures tend to have a lesser impact on agri-food imports.
The increasing share of low-value transactions in international trade
Authors: Minondo Asier , Mínguez Raúl
Published: December 2024

This paper documents a new feature of international trade: the increase in the share of low-value transactions in the total volume of transactions. Using Spanish data, we show that the share of low-value transactions in the total number of transactions increased from 9% to 61% in exports and from 14% to 54% in imports between 1997 and 2023. The increase in the number of low-value trade transactions is explained by the rise of e-commerce and direct-to-customer sales facilitated by online retail platforms, and the fast-fashion strategy followed by clothing firms.
JEL: F10, F14
Economic Analysis of Digital Health Infrastructure: The Case of OneLondon's Impact on Time Efficiency and Safety in Healthcare Services
Authors: McFerran Ethna , Gautama Sanjay , Pace Emma , Wiltshire Sally , Palmer Jocelyn , Koczan Phil , Redman Luke , Lawler Mark
Published: December 2024

Objectives – Conduct an economic analysis of 'Level 1: Joining-up information for direct care' in the OneLondon programme, assess user-reported value, model safety aspects of the digital architecture, and estimate the cost and time consequences of London Care Record utilisation. This analysis aims to map metrics for safety and care outcomes, and model potential downstream effects on morbidity.
Design - An economic model was created using NHS Staff pay estimates to quantify time-based cost savings related to London Care Record utilisation metrics in January 2022 and January 2023. The base case assumed a time-saving equivalent of 0.5 minutes per system access. Three additional scenarios explored time-saving equivalents up to 20 minutes, including one scenario considering a net time loss due to training deficit or user errors. Secondary analyses compared existing safety reports, assessing potential mortality or morbidity changes linked to the London Care Record.
Results - The London Care Record system, experiencing growth in system access, recorded approximately 840,000 visits in January 2022, escalating to around 1.3 million monthly by January 2023. This resulted in a minimum potential time-based cost-saving equivalent of £242,166 (January 2022) and rising to £374,143 (January 2023) per month. Cumulative savings since system launch, stemming from ~27 million accesses, were estimated at up to £44,493,944. London Care Record sites reported fewer safety incidents on average (871.03) compared to other sites (1019.90), with a relative risk of 0.85. System access time-saving equivalent increased from 840,920 minutes (80.9 FTE staff) in January 2022 to 1,299,213 minutes (124.9 FTE staff) in January 2023.
Conclusions - This study offers a timely economic evaluation of implementing the London Care Record, emphasising substantial cost savings through time-based efficiencies and enhanced safety outcomes. The results provide valuable insights for healthcare stakeholders. While long-term evaluations are needed to validate and refine conclusions, integrating digital information technology remains crucial in modern healthcare systems.
Surface modification of Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) via sulfonation and hydroxyapatite coating: impact on shear bond strength with resin composites
Authors: Htay Thae Phyu , Peampring Chaimongkon , Thammajaruk Putsadeeporn
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This study evaluates the effects of various polyetheretherketone (PEEK) surface treatments on its shear bond strength (SBS) with flowable resin composites.
Methods: A total of 120 PEEK disks were categorized into five groups: untreated PEEK (control), sandblasted with 50 µm alumina (Sa PEEK), etched with 98% sulfuric acid for 1 minute (S PEEK), hydroxyapatite-coated sulfonated PEEK (HA PEEK), and phosphoric acid-etched HA-coated PEEK (HAP PEEK). Each group was further divided into two subgroups (n=12) based on the bonding agent used: Scotchbond Universal Plus (Sc) and Single Bond Universal (Si). After applying the bonding agent, the resin composite was light-cured onto the PEEK surface. The SBS was evaluated using a universal testing machine after thermocycling for 5000 cycles. Two-way and one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s HSD for post-hoc comparisons, were used for statistical analysis (α = 0.05)
Results: HA PEEK exhibited the highest SBS values (Si: 25.87 ± 2.89 MPa; Sc: 26.49 ± 3.14 MPa, P < 0.05), while untreated PEEK showed the lowest. No significant difference was observed between Sc and Si in most groups, except that Si demonstrated significantly higher SBS in the S PEEK group.
Conclusions: HA PEEK consistently achieved the highest SBS, indicating that combining sulfonation with HA coating is an effective strategy to enhance bonding between PEEK and flowable resin composites.