bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lexical and Grammatical Means of Reducing Speech Impact Intensity in Russian- and English-Language Socio-Political Debates
Authors: Kulabukhov Nikita Vladimirovich
Published: June 2022

The aim of the study is to identify the functional potential of the multi-level lexical and grammatical means of reducing the intensity of speech impact used by participants in Russian- and English-language socio-political debates. The article presents a detailed analysis of the means that de-intensify (reduce) the speech impact of participants’ statements in socio-political debates. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the development of a functional approach to the analysis of the linguistic means of reducing the intensity of impact in the speech of politicians - participants in socio-political debates. As a result, it is proved that participants in socio-political debates, resorting to the linguistic means of reducing intensity, strive to create more favourable conditions for communication and increase the significance of their own image.
Peritext Role in Strengthening Naki Isanbet’s Authority in Society
Authors: Khabutdinova Mileusha Mukhametsyanovna
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study is to reveal the role of the “behind the text” structures of Naki Isanbet’s works in the formation of his literary reputation. The material for the research was the author’s prefaces and comments relating to different periods of his creativity. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time in the Tatar literary criticism, the author’s prefaces and comments of the Tatar literature classic have become a subject of study. As a result, it has been proved that N. Isanbet, starting from his early creative work, was attentive to the composition of prefaces and author’s comments on his texts and made sure that they set a “code” for reading. N. Isanbet’s prefaces and comments contain the material about his publication activity before the October Revolution, the history of his works creation, the history of dramatic works existence on the stage, the nature of editing texts in the process of their existence, and the range of the writer’s creative contacts.
Gender-Marked Asymmetry in the Russian and Chinese Languages
Authors: Yao Xiaoyi
Published: June 2022

The aim of the study is to identify the features of gender-marked asymmetry in the Russian and Chinese languages. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time, basing on the theory of markedness, a comparative analysis of gender-marked asymmetry in the vocabulary of the two languages is carried out. As a result, the features of formal, semantic, distributive marking of gender vocabulary are revealed. The obtained results have shown that the gender vocabulary of the Russian and Chinese languages has a clear marked asymmetry, which is a concentrated expression of the national culture, socio-cognitive characteristics and socio-political development of the two countries.
Chronotope as Means of Fiction Prose Subjectivization (Based on Virginia Woolf’s Novel “To the Lighthouse”)
Authors: Belozerova Nataliya Vladimirovna , Zhindeeva Elena Aleksandrovna , Lugovoi Aleksandr Aleksandrovich
Published: June 2022

The aim of the article is to consider the genesis and development of the “chronotope” notion definition in natural sciences and the humanities, the relationship of its elements in literary criticism. The paper reveals the significance of the subjective measurement of the space-time coordinate system in the structure of the chronotope embodied in the literature of the “stream of consciousness”. The scientific novelty of the research lies in studying the means of constructing a model of the world in literary characters’ minds by the example of Virginia Woolf’s novel “To the Lighthouse”, on the basis of which the most characteristic means for the writer’s idiostyle are determined revealing the observer’s subjective position in the novel (the use of lexico-semantic fields, internal monologue, polylogue, grammatical tense, etc.). As a result, it is proved that the ways of embodying the opposition associated with the concept of time are eternal/transient, the use of such stylistic means as symbolism, the use of a figurative code, allusion allow Virginia Woolf to construct a special chronotope of consciousness.
Black Humour in Informal Academic Discourse (by the Material of the Modern German Language)
Authors: Kuzovnikova Ekaterina Gennadyevna , Nefedova Lyubov Arkadyevna
Published: June 2022

The article discusses the features of German-language black humour conditioned by the factor of the addressee. The aim of the work is to ascertain a connection between anecdotes in the genre of black humour and the level of recipients’/readers’ education. The scientific novelty of the research is due to the authors’ appeal to the study of the issue of correlating jokes in the genre of black humour with academic discourse. The article presents a description of the lexical markers of academic discourse in modern German jokes in the genre of black humour, which are bookish and special vocabulary, foreign culturally significant vocabulary, vocabulary of the university environment, as well as precedent proper names. As a result, it has been found that only one fifth of black humour jokes are addressed to educated people.
Features of Terminological Abbreviation in English Scientific and Technical Text
Authors: Shaglanova Elena Andreevna , Badmaeva Elena Sodnomovna , Chepak Olga Aleksandrovna
Published: June 2022

The aim of the undertaken study is to determine the word-formation features of abbreviations and acronyms in the scientific functional style by the example of abbreviations in scientific and technical texts in English. The article discusses the features of the scientific and technical text, special vocabulary and terminological abbreviation, provides structural and semantic models of word formation through acronyms. The scientific novelty of the study is to identify the features of acronyms formation in the English scientific and technical text, as well as some productive structural and semantic models based on the analysis of acronyms from English-language computer assistance sites and the free multilingual online dictionary Woxikon, which provide a database of computer abbreviations. As a result, it has been revealed that acronyms, being phonetically convenient in pronunciation compared to abbreviations, are formed according to already established structural and semantic models, which facilitates their understanding and translation.
Synonymy in Oil and Gas Business Terminology of the Modern Russian Language
Authors: May Chan Myae Zaw , Alpatova Polina Nikolaevna
Published: June 2022

The aim of the study is to analyse the types, causes, ways of forming synonymous terms and their functions in the oil and gas industry. The article provides a definition of terminological synonymy, describes the use and functions of synonymous terms based on lexical units. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the use of the functional approach to determine the properties of synonymous terms for the oil and gas industry based on modern dictionaries and scientific texts. As a result, it is proved that synonymy in the chosen industry violates the basic properties of terms.
Porosity Analytical Tool Based on Infrared (IR) Images of Concrete
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Anak Gilbert Shera , Kusbiantoro Andri ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Ismail Amalina Hanani ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Published: June 2022

Images analysis techniques are gaining popularity in the studies of civil engineering technology. However, the current image analysis methods often require advanced machinery and strict image acquisition procedures, which may be challenging in actual construction practices. Therefore, this study develops a simplified image analysis technique that uses the FLIR ONE infrared camera to capture the concrete surface compatible with the Infrared (IR) concrete images. The infrared image is then converted into contour plot images using MATLAB software and analysed using AutoCAD to determine the thermal colour's diameter on the infrared images. This study focuses on the white and yellow colours. The yellow thermal colour is the outer of the Thermal Diameter Reduction (TDR) rate of concrete, while the white thermal colour is the inner due to the highest temperature. However, to determine the accuracy of the MATLAB image processing, additional image editing is performed by utilising image exposure editing in conjunction with AutoCAD. The result from MATLAB was then gathered and compared to the image exposure editing to find the correlation between porosity, compressive strength and TDR rate of concrete. Experimental results showed that porosity affected the TDR rate with reliable accuracy of 90.00 %, compressive strength 70.00 %, and concrete density 60.00 %. The result analysis shows that concrete with high characteristic strength is in a less porous state, which means it is denser and transfers heat slowly to the surface, thus making the TDR rate value of the concrete minimum.
Respiratory Protective Equipment (RPE) Standard – Disposable Filtering Half Mask on N95, FFP2 and KN95
Authors:   National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Osman Baderin , Leman A.M ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Rahman K.A ,   Politeknik Tun Syed Nasir Syed Ismail (PTSN), Mat Hasan Nik Normunira ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Goot Seong Ng ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Muzarpar M.Syafiq ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Mohamad Salwa ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Mohamad Halah ,   National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
Published: June 2022

Workplace and work activities issued many harmful substances that contaminating the air. Therefore, the employer needs to select a standard disposable filtering half mask for the workers in order to prevent them from harmful substance. This study presents current literature search of RPE standard in certain countries such as United States (US), United Kingdom (UK) and China. The selection of the standard disposable filtering half masks has to guide by Assigned Protection Factor (APF) according to working condition activity. The APF includes the suitability factor such as effectiveness towards particle and gas/vapour, continuous wear time and APF types (4, 10, 20, 40, 200, and 2000).
Физические и механические свойства титановых сплавов и композитов, полученных порошковой металлургией: сравнительный анализ
Authors: Кумар Навин , Бхарти Аджая
Published: June 2022

Проведен обзор свойств существующих сплавов и композитов на основе Ti. Изучено влияние различных легирующих элементов, армирования и технологических параметров порошковой металлургии на физические и механические свойства сплавов и композитов на основе Ti. Рассмотрены режимы постобработки и предложены оптимальные варианты для уменьшения остаточной пористости композитов.
Tratamiento quirúrgico de la fibromatosis agresiva en relación con cesárea previa
Authors: Chóliz-Ezquerro Jorge , Aparicio-López Daniel , Cantín-Blazquez Sonia , Allué-Cabañuz Marta
Published: June 2022

Introducción. Los tumores desmoides son lesiones de los tejidos blandos, histológicamente benignas, poco frecuentes y con gran agresividad local y carencia de potencial metastásico. Se relacionan estrechamente con antecedentes traumáticos o quirúrgicos, como la cesárea, y su tratamiento generalmente es quirúrgico.
Métodos. Presentamos una serie de tres pacientes intervenidas en nuestro centro durante el año 2020. Se revisan sus antecedentes y se describe su tratamiento.
Resultados. En todas nuestras pacientes se encontró algún antecedente quirúrgico, dos cesáreas y una resección de un disgerminoma. El tratamiento empleado fue la resección quirúrgica con márgenes libres y reparación del defecto mediante malla.
Conclusiones. El tumor desmoide es una patología poco frecuente, su diagnóstico se realiza mediante exámenes imagenológicos y se confirma con el estudio histológico; es importante hacer el diagnóstico diferencial con el sarcoma. La cirugía radical sigue siendo el tratamiento de elección, aunque algunos autores proponen el tratamiento conservador.
Tratamiento laparoscópico de úlcera duodenal perforada mediante parche de Graham en un paciente pediátrico
Authors: Romero-Espitia Walter , Moreno-Villamizar Daniela , Pedraza-Ciro Mauricio , Marín-Martínez Santiago , Cabrera Vargas Luis Felipe
Published: June 2022

Introducción. La úlcera duodenal perforada es una entidad de etiología no clara que rara vez ocurre en la población pediátrica. Generalmente se diagnostica de manera intraoperatoria y el tratamiento ideal incluye el uso del parche de epiplón o de ser necesario, la resección quirúrgica.
Caso clínico. Se presenta un paciente de 12 años con abdomen agudo y diagnóstico tomográfico prequirúrgico de úlcera duodenal perforada, tratado por vía laparoscópica con drenaje de peritonitis y parche de Graham. La evolución y el seguimiento posterior fueron adecuados.
Discusión. La úlcera duodenal perforada es una entidad multifactorial, en la que se ha implicado el Helicobacter pylori. El diagnóstico preoperatorio es un reto y el tratamiento debe ser quirúrgico.
Conclusiones. Cuando se logra establecer el diagnóstico preoperatorio, se puede realizar un abordaje laparoscópico y el uso del parche de Graham cuando las úlceras son menores de dos centímetros.
Pólipo juvenil: el gran simulador
Authors: Moreno-Alfonso Julio César , Molina-Caballero Ada Yessenia , Pérez-Martínez Alberto , Dot-Gómara Teresa
Published: June 2022

En la población pediátrica, los pólipos representan la primera causa de sangrado colorrectal con una prevalencia del 1 %. De ellos, el 90 % corresponde a pólipos juveniles (PJ) .
Features of the combined course of opisthorchosis and lambliosis
Authors: Pomytkina T. E. , Bibik O. I. , Pivovar O. I.
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the research is identifying and determining clinical and laboratory features of coinfection caused by Opisthorchis felineus and Lamblia intestinalis.

Materials and methods. We described a clinical picture and laboratory abnormalities in 50 patients with O. felineus infection. Of these cases, 25 people were diagnosed with lambliosis. The therapy included three consecutive stages: preparatory stage, antiprotozoal and anthelmintic treatments, and rehabilitation stage. The preparatory stage was aimed to improve the biliary tract function, to reduce intoxication symptoms, and to stop acute allergic reactions. The patients received choleretics, antispasmodics, antibacterial drugs, antihistamines, enzymes, and adsorbents for 2–4 weeks. At the end of the preparatory stage, the patients from the second group were prescribed albendazole of 800 mg per day in two doses of 400 mg per os during meals for 5 days. In the second treatment stage, the patients with opisthorchosis received praziquantel at a dose of 75 mg/kg of body weight per os for one day in three doses. The rehabilitation phase lasted for four months. The next step was to assess lamblia eradication results by the control coproprotozooscopy and/or biliprotozooscopy for cysts and/or vegetative forms of L. intestinalis at 7 days, 1 month and 6 months after treatment with albendazole. The control coproovoscopy for O. felineus eggs was performed at 6 months after praziquantel treatment.

Results and discussion. We studied the inﬂuence of L. intestinalis on the nature and severity of clinical and laboratory symptoms of opisthorchosis. It was revealed that clinical symptoms (abdominal pain, nausea, low-grade fever or dermatosis) and laboratory syndromes (cytolysis and cholestasis) were more pronounced in case of concomitant helminth and protozoan infections. Lambliosis is more difcult to treat when combined with opisthorchosis.
SOME PROBLEMS OF USING POST-CLASSICAL RATIONALITY IN PSYCHOLOGY
Authors:   G.S. Kostyuk Institute of Psychology of National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, Stepura E.V.
Published: June 2022

Modern psychology is characterized by a great number of psychological schools, approaches and paradigms. The application of post-nonclassical rationality ideas is a way to integrate psychological knowledge. The essence of these ideas and principles is the construction of a dialogue between main psychological conceptions and paradigms, the creation of a broader view of various psychological phenomena, the integration of scientific psychology into a wider cultural context, etc. Despite the fact that post-nonclassical rationality principles possess significant methodological potential, the uncritical application of these principles can lead to certain mistakes, and we still lack thorough analysis of the possibility of such errors. It is clear that the application of post-nonclassical rationality principles is a considerable alternative to the domination of a certain ideology, which sometimes happens in humanities, including psychology. But at the same time the uncritical application of “methodological anarchism” ideas can lead to the development of pseudoscience. In author’s opinion, any attempts to use conceptions which are based on metaphysical universal systems have no gnoseological potential. But in the case when metaphysical conceptions are connected with a certain spiritual practice, a wide space for various investigations of psychic and psychophysiological changes as a result of such practice is opened. Besides, various metaphysical conceptions may be used as metaphors in practical psychology and psychotherapy. Keywords. post-nonclassical rationality, methodological anarchism, metaphysical conceptions in psychology.
PRESCHOOLER'S EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   National University “Yuri Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic”, Klevaka Lesya , Grishko Olga ,   Poltava V.G. Korolenko National Pedagogical University, Zaika Vitalii ,   Open International University of Human Development “Ukraine”
Published: June 2022

The article considers the development of emotional intelligence in preschool children. The aim of the study is a theoretical analysis of the formation of emotional intelligence in preschool children, the development of emotional intelligence under the guidance of adults. Today, kindergartens provide education on the intellectual development of the child. And this leads to deformation of the emotional sphere of preschool children. Today, the relationship between children and parents is characterized by a lack of emotional communication. This causes emotional deafness in children. That is, the inability to feel, lack of reaction to the emotional state of another person. It is also a suppression of emotions that develops in a child due to the indifference of loved ones. Due to such changes in the education of preschool children, the problem of developing the emotional intelligence of preschool children is especially significant and relevant. The following methods were used in the research process: general scientific (systematization and generalization), comparative, prognostic method and prognostic method. The article presents an analytical review of theoretical approaches to the definition of "emotional intelligence". It is generalized that the emotional intelligence of a preschooler is an integral property of the individual, which reflects the child's cognitive ability to understand emotions and manage them through cognitive processing of emotional information. Emotional intelligence ensures the psychological well-being of the individual and the success of social interaction. In preschool, the child's emotional experience expands and enriches. An emotional attitude to oneself, other people and the surrounding reality in general is formed. This is reflected in the characteristics of the child's emotional behavior in the process of social interaction and communication with other children and adults. Researchers are also attracted by the question of the preconditions for the formation of emotional intelligence of preschool children. The structure of emotional intelligence is revealed. It is noted that emotional intelligence develops in the process of life and experience of the child – in the family, through play, painting, art, literature, self-observation and reflection. Each preschooler should have his own way. It is important to choose the method that is most effective for a particular individual. The authors identify effective methods and techniques for the development of emotional intelligence of preschool children.
HABIBAH IBRAHIM KASIM_Resume kelompok 9
Authors: kasim Habibah ibrahim
Published: June 2022

Kebijakan fiskal merupakan bagian penting dari kebijakan publik.Secara umum, kebijakan fiskal merupakan kebijakan yang mengatur pendapatan dan belanja negara.Kebijakan fiskal yang rumit diartikan sebagai kebijakan ekonomi yang bertujuan untuk memandu perbaikan kondisi perekonomian dengan menyesuaikan pendapatan dan pengeluaran pemerintah. Kebijakan ini serupa dengan kebijakan moneter yang mengatur jumlah uang beredar, namun kebijakan fiskal lebih menitikberatkan pada pengaturan penerimaan dan pengeluaran pemerintah. Dalam sistem ekonomi, pemerintah bertanggung jawab atas kelangsungan hidup warganya.Dalam perekonomian suatu negara, instrument dan komponenkebijakan fiskal islami berperan penting dalam menstabilkan perekonomian dan menciptakan tingkat perekonomian yang lebih baik.
pasar monopoli
Authors: harmayani
Published: June 2022

pasar monopoli perdagangan
МЕТОДЫ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ ДЕНЕЖНЫХ ПОТОКОВ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ//Social Sciences: Achievements and Prospects Journal 1(14), 2022 (ISSN 2733-3825)/ Chief Editor Vitalii Vl. Klevtsov /OEAPS OU - Tallinn, Estonia (Open European Academy of Public Sciences): Berlin, Germany, 30.04.2022: OEAPS OU., 2022 - P. 110-114.
Authors: Павлова Диана Николаевна , Шарафян Георгий
Published: June 2022

Организации нуждаются в прогнозировании финансовых потоков на долгосрочную и краткосрочную перспективу. В данной статье авторы рассматривают методы, с помощью которых компании смогут правильно организовать свои денежные потоки.All organizations need to forecast financial flows for the long and short term. In this article, the authors will consider methods by which companies can properly organize their cash flows.
A Metrics-based Method for Evaluating Corridors for Urban Air Mobility Operations
Authors: Jiang Xuan , Peng Xin , Bulusu Vishwanath , Poliziani Cristian , Chatterji Gano , Sengupta Raja
Published: June 2022

Air corridor evaluation is important for the planning and organization of urban air mobility operations. However, aviation metrics are typically evaluated by simulation and optimization, which can be redundant and bulky or heavily rely on unrealistic assumptions. We propose to explore metrics to evaluate urban air corridor design in congested areas that (1) are based on traffic data (i.e., without the need for simulation), and (2) serve different temporal and spatial (i.e. multi-objective) purposes. The metrics will account for different stakeholder interests in the evaluation of the corridor designs. For this study, the corridor is described as a bigger cube combined with several small cubes based on the vertical and lateral distance thresholds derived from FAA regulations. Aircraft time, the number of aircraft within the cube within a certain period and location slices of the corridor are used to evaluate the proposed air corridors. This paper discusses methods for choosing the best corridors from a given set as well as the best route for a given region. The proposed methodology is demonstrated with a case study based on air traffic data within 150 miles of Edwards Air Force Base in Los Angeles, California. Experiments show that air traffic data can help stakeholders make both spatial and temporal decisions.
PEMIKIRAN TAQIYUDDIN AN-NABHANI TENTANG KEPEMILIKAN DALAM SISTEM EKONOMI ISLAM
Authors: Hasna salsabila , Kurniawan Rachmad Risqy
Published: June 2022

Taqiyuddin an-Nabhani adalah seorang ulama, politikus dan tokoh berpengaruhyang berasal dari Palestina. Aktivitas politik merupakan aspek yang menonjol dalamkehidupannya. Hal ini menampakkan kecermatan dalam karya- karyanya. Ia juga banyakmenelaah peristiwa-peristiwa politik, lalu mendalaminya dengan amat cermat, disertaipemahaman sempurna terhadap situasi-situasi politik dan ide-ide politik yang ada. Iatermasuk salah seorang pemikir dan politikus terulung pada abad 20. Ia mempunyai gagasantentang Ekonomi Islam, beliau mengungkapkan bagaimana prinsip dasar ekonomi islam.Prinsip-prinsip dasar sistem ekonomi islam menurut Taqiyuddin an-Nabhani dijalankan atasasas kepemilikan, pemanfaatan pemilikan, dan konsep distribusi kekayaan yang hal ini akansangat bertentangan apabila dihadapkan dengan kapitalisme dan sosialisme. Dalam konsepkepemilikan kapitalisme berpendapat bahwa kepemilikan pribadi sebagai prinsip dasarnya,sedangkan sosialisme mengakui kepemilikan kolektif sebagai prinsipnya. Lain halnya dalamsistem Islam mengakui tiga jenis kepemilikan (kepemilikan individu, kepemilikan umum,kepemilikan negara). Ia memahami Bahwa Islam bukan sebagai agama saja, tetapi sebuahideologi, sistem yang termasuk didalamnya tentang negara. Islam sebagai sebuah ideologimempunyai sistem kehidupan yang menyeluruh dalam semua aspek kehidupan, termasukdidalamnya sistem ekonomi. Sebagai sebuah sistem menuntut untuk diterapkan secaratotalitas dalam kehidupan.
Social Sciences: Achievements and Prospects Journal 1(14), 2022 (ISSN 2733-3825)/ Chief Editor Vitalii Vl. Klevtsov /OEAPS OU - Tallinn, Estonia (Open European Academy of Public Sciences): Berlin, Germany, 30.04.2022: OEAPS OU., 2022 - 120 P.
Authors: Kudryashov Alexander
Published: June 2022

Social Sciences: Achievements and Prospects is a major international forum for the analysis and debate of trends and approaches in social science research. The journal provides a space for innovative theoretical as well as empirical contributions to issues that transcend the framework of the traditional disciplines. Given its international orientation, contributions of a comparative or cross-cultural nature are particularly welcome. Social Sciences: Achievements and Prospects aims to contribute to overcoming fragmentation and over-specialization in current social-science research. Comprehensive and original contributions will tend to be of a tentative nature, trying out new avenues on terrains that are far from being well known. The journal welcomes trend reports on intellectually stimulating new developments to make them more widely known and to offer a space to assess their significance in answering key questions of scholarship in our time.
Pemikiran Ekonomi Islam Muhammad Abdul Mannan
Authors: Fachrodzi Azriel Al , harefa Primoadin
Published: June 2022

AbstractMuhammad Abdul Mannan is one of the contemporary economics currently existing, he is a mainstream flow. According to M. Mannan, who distinguish Islamic economy with other modern economic systems, according to Islamic skeletons, is a means to achieve spiritual and moral prosperity, and moral prosperity. Therefore, he proposed a modification of the conventional economic theory and his device to bring change in orientation value, institutional arrangements, and a goal that can be accomplished. Where in this article describes the thought of Muhammad Abdul Mannan's Islamic paradigm, distribution in Islam, and consumed from the perspective of Islamic economy. Muhammad A. Mannan assesses the concept of development in Islam has excellence in the concept of modern development. In the context of economic development planning, the fiscal policy designs refer to the policy made by the government to direct the economy of a country through expenses and admissions of government (in tax).Keyword : Islamic Economics, Muhammad Abdul Mannan
HABIBAH IBRAHIM KASIM/Resume kelompok 8
Authors: kasim Habibah ibrahim
Published: June 2022

kebijakan fiskal dapat diartikan sebagai langkah-langkah pemerintah untuk membuat perubahan-perubahan dalam sistem pajak atau dalam perbelanjaannya yang bertujuan mengatasi masalah-masalah ekonomi yang dihadapi Perbedaan mendasar dari kebijakan fiskal Islam dengan konvensional atau Modern adalah terkait kesejahteraan yang akan dicapai. Di mana konsep kesejahteraan hidup yang ingin dicapai dalam kebijakan fiskal konvensionaal atau modern adalah untuk mendapatkan keuntungan maksimum bagi individu dalam kehidupan tanpa memandang kebutuhan spiritual manusia, sementara dalam sistem Islam konsep kesejahteraannya sangat luas, meliputi kehidupan di dunia dan di akhirat serta peningkatan spiritual lebih ditekankan daripada pemilikan material. Terkait Anggaran Penerimaan negara dalam fiskal Islam diperoleh melalui zakat, kharaj (pajak pertanian), jizyah (pajak perorangan), khums (pajak harta rampasan perang), usyur (pajak perdagangan).
Pemikiran Ekonomi Islam Tentang Ihtikar
Authors: Chairunnisa Silviana , Kurniawan Rachmad Risqy
Published: June 2022

Artikel ini membahas pemikiran ekonomi islam tentang ihtikar terutama membahas barang dan waktu lamanya bisa dikategorikan ihtikar serta dampak yang ditimbulkan akibat dari praktek terlarang ini. Hasil dari artikel ini adalah pendapat Abu Yusuf dan sebagian pengikut madzhab Maliki berkata bahwa keharaman itu berlaku umum terhadap seluruh jenis produk yang dibutuhkan oleh manusia itu apabila ditimbun dikategorikan ihtikar, tanpa adanya penjabaran dari jenis produk apa saja yang haram untuk menimbunnya. Sedangkan perbuatan ihtikar ini bisa mengakibatkan dampak terhadap aktifitas perekonomi masyarakat, yaitu akibatnya akan terjadinya krisis ekonomi seperti mahalnya harga-harga serta kesulitan seseorang untuk mendaptkan bahan-bahan makan pokok maupun bahan-bahan lainya yang di timbun oleh para pedagang.
Children expect others to prefer handmade items
Authors: DeJesus Jasmine M , Gelman Susan A. , Lumeng Julie C.
Published: June 2022

Although children frequently engage in creative activities (in which they make foods and objects by hand), the development and scope of children’s thinking about handmade items is largely unexplored. In the present studies, we examined whether 4- to 12-year-old children at a local children’s museum (54% girls, 46% boys; 51% White, 11% Asian/Asian-American, 10% more than one group, 4% Latinx, 3% Black/African-American, 18% did not report race/ethnicity) would expect other people to prefer handmade over factory-made items, including foods and nonfoods. In Experiments 1 (n = 124) and 2 (n = 122), participants expected a child character to prefer items the character made themselves and items made by the character’s parent or a local person. However, this expectation did not persist at all costs: When considering imperfect handmade items in Experiment 3 (n = 122), children demonstrated a handmade preference when considering nonfoods made by a parent but demonstrated a factory-made preference when considering foods made by a parent. Children’s explanations were associated with their choices: When children’s explanations referred to emotions or relationships, they were more likely to select handmade items. When children referred to item features, they were more likely to select factory-made items. Across studies, we observed persistent age and gender effects: Children’s handmade preference increased with child age and girls demonstrated a more robust handmade preference than boys. These findings highlight children’s developing and nuanced reasoning about object value. At an early age, children consider who made an object as a contributor to its value.
The True Role that Suppressor Effects Play in Condition-Based Regression Analysis: None. A Reply to Fiedler (2021)
Authors: Humberg Sarah , Dufner Michael , Schönbrodt Felix D. , Geukes Katharina , Hutteman Roos , van Zalk Maarten , Denissen Jaap J. A. , Nestler Steffen , Back Mitja
Published: June 2022

Condition-based regression analysis (CRA) is a statistical method for testing self-enhancement (SE) effects. That is, CRA indicates whether, in a set of empirical data, people with higher values on the directed discrepancy S R (self-view S minus reality criterion R) tend to have higher values on some outcome variable (e.g., happiness). In a critical comment, Fiedler (2021) claims that CRA yields inaccurate conclusions in data with a suppressor effect. Here, we show that Fiedler’s critique is unwarranted. All data that are simulated in his comment show a positive association between S R and H, which is accurately detected by CRA. By construction, CRA indicates an association between S R and H only when it is present in the data. In contrast to Fiedler’s claim, it also yields valid conclusions when the outcome variable is related only to the self-view or when there is a suppressor effect. Our clarifications provide guidance for evaluating Fiedler's comment, clear up with the common heuristic that suppressor effects are always problematic, and assist readers in fully understanding CRA.
Spiritual Surrender
Authors: Shannonhouse Laura , McMartin Jason , Sacco Shane J. , Hall M. Elizabeth Lewis , Park Crystal L. , Kim Dahee , Silverman Eric , Kapic Kelly , Aten Jamie Dean
Published: June 2022

Suffering is part of the human condition, and people often turn to their faith to make sense of this experience. Active religious coping has been related to positive psychological outcomes in individuals facing adversity. However, not all sources of suffering can be resolved. Spiritual surrender is one form of religious coping relevant in these unresolvable situations and has been studied in the areas of addiction, grief and loss, and illness related trauma. Despite the importance of this religious coping practice and its positive impact on wellbeing, spiritual surrender is rarely examined and has been quantified with mixed results. We propose an emic, Christian, conceptualization of spiritual surrender that integrates theological perspectives with religious coping scholarship; then we present three studies describing the development of a new measure. With these studies, we establish and confirm the factor structure of the Christian Spiritual Surrender Scale and evaluate its construct validity in online samples of Christians who indicated they experienced suffering. Moderation analyses indicated that spiritual surrender ameliorated the negative relationship between severity of the negative life event and one’s satisfaction with life, but not the relationship to one’s positive or negative feelings. We conclude that Christian spiritual surrender represents a unique and distinct religious coping practice that has not been robustly captured in previous measures and is associated with well-being in the face of adversity.
An interpretable semantic similarity for predicting eye movements in reading: Approach comparison
Authors: Sun Kun
Published: June 2022

Expectations or predictions about upcoming content play an important role during language comprehension and processing. Semantic similarity as a metric has been used to predict the experimental data on language comprehension and processing. Some approaches have been proposed to compute contextual semantic similarity to predict how words in a context are processed. However, these approaches can be improved. This study uses a massive and naturalistic discourse as stimuli for collecting data on eye-movement in reading. It proposes asimple but effective approach to computing contextual semantic similarity. In order to test the efficiency of the new approach, we compare it to the recently developed cosine method and the Euclidean method. This comparison reveals that our approach can make good predictions about fixation durations on reading and that it outperforms the two aforementioned approaches. To our knowledge, this is the first study to compare a number of approaches on contextual semantic similarity that are used to process naturalistic discourse in the fields of cogni-tion, psycholinguistics and neuroscience. The findings of this study aretherefore of significance to the acquisition of a better understanding ofhow humans process words in a real-world context and how they makepredictions in language comprehension and processing. This study creates an interpretable but more effective approach for computing contextual semantic similarity, which allows further explorations of the data on naturalistic discourse reading, language comprehension and neuroscience.
Burnout, Workload, and Morale: Describing Teacher Experiences at the Conclusion of a Pandemic Year
Authors: Marshall David T. , Love Savanna M. , Shannon David M. , Neugebauer Natalie M.
Published: June 2022

Teaching during the 2020-2021 school year was fraught with challenges related to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the experiences varied widely from one policy context to another in the United States. We surveyed PK-12 teachers nationally between May-June 2021 (n=302) to understand their experiences at the conclusion of the pandemic-altered school year. Teachers shared that increased technology in elementary and secondary education was likely to persist. Teachers also shared that their morale and work-life balance was much lower compared to the start of the pandemic and that they were experiencing high levels of burnout. We conclude with implications for the teaching profession.
Pandemic Experiences: A report on experiences of research culture in Wellcome funded PhD programmes during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Carusi Annamaria , Castells Laura , Gilmore Corey , Community of Practice Wellcome Trust PhD Programmes
Published: June 2022

The Emerging Research Cultures project is a strategic project funded by Wellcome to form and support a community of practice with the 23 PhD training programmes funded in 2019. These programmes were deeply affected by the restrictions imposed by the UK government in response to the Covid-19 pandemic. As in person meetings were restricted, teaching, attendance of labs, meetings with potential supervisors, other staff members and other members of the programmes were all moved to virtual platforms. In April 2021, the Emerging Research Cultures project held two workshops to explore what had been the students’ experiences of beginning their PhD training during the pandemic. This report summarises the discussions and draws out the main themes. Three points stood out in these discussions. Firstly, people clearly welcomed the opportunity to talk about their experience and this in itself contributed to their processing of the experience they had gone through together. Secondly, student and staff experiences were very closely interconnected, and each affected the other. The quality of research culture, clearly, is not a matter for students alone, and staff live this as deeply as students do. And lastly, mental health issues, or self-descriptions that are related to mental health, were prominent in the discussion. This may be simply because people had the opportunity to talk about what they were going through, and the months of pandemic restrictions have been difficult for everyone. However, there clearly have been deep challenges on the mental health and wellbeing front, which may demand attention and action.
Digital Traces of Collective Identities: The Case of the Yellow Vests in South-East France
Authors: Morselli Davide , Beramendi Maite Regina , Bendali Zakeria , Filleule Olivier
Published: June 2022

Social movement theorists have highlighted the importance of accounting for the fluidity of collective identities and the ways in which they change over time. The number of studies directly addressing these aspects nevertheless remains limited. However, capitalizing on the availability of social media data and the shift from collective to connective action, new methods can be used to model identity change over a medium-to-large time span. We analyze Facebook data to make the case that a complex and longitudinal approach to the study of collective identity is not only possible but also necessary. Our analyses explore the formation and transformation of identity in the context of a local branch of the Gilets Jaunes (Yellow Vests) movement in France. By employing a mixed-method design that combines automated topic modeling, content analysis and dictionary-based linguistic inquiry, we show how collective identities are discussed through complex and conflictual processes that take the form of perpetual identity work.
“Pay the rent or feed the kids”: A scoping review of the ‘housing-food insecurity nexus’ in Canada
Authors: Spring Charlotte , Rosol Marit
Published: June 2022

Housing and food are both fundamental human rights and key social determinants of health. Yet despite their interrelations, housing and food are often treated separately by government bodies, policymakers and social movements. While both ‘food insecurity’ and ‘housing insecurity’ have been the targets of much research and activism in recent decades, we find less attention to their intersections, and to the potential for research and activism that centres these intersections in struggles to address their linked underlying causes. This scoping review aims to bring these two domains into closer conversation by further developing the notion of the ‘housing-food insecurity nexus’. We conceptualise this nexus as the co-occurrence of housing and food insecurity, often resulting from unaffordable housing costs (and the relative flexibility of food expenditure) in the context of neoliberal housing policy and market conditions where living costs outstrip incomes for many. The review highlights empirical and explanatory intersections and explores potentials for more coordinated action that can help to ensure people are able to realise both their right to housing, and to good food. It is based on literature from Canada and pays particular attention to urban areas but bears relevance elsewhere. We first give empirical evidence for the housing-food insecurity nexus, and how this might differentially affect particular marginalised groups. Second, we suggest explanatory frameworks that broaden perspectives onto the nexus and particularly draw attention to underlying drivers of increasing food and housing unaffordability. Finally, we review proposed solutions, from short- to long-term. We conclude that necessary to the implementation of these solutions is a re-politicisation of the right to food and housing, uniting around the shared harms of many: renters, food producers, and movements for economic justice. We thus also examine the potential for cross-sector and multi-level partnerships that can leverage power in the pursuit of these twinned, essential goals.
Effect of in-situ Fe doping on the visible light photoelectrochemical activity of TiO2 nanorods
Authors:   Faculty of Natural Sciences, Quy Nhon University, Tran Nam Trung , Pham Thi Minh Huong ,   Faculty of Natural Sciences, Quy Nhon University, Nguyen Tan Lam ,   Faculty of Natural Sciences, Quy Nhon University
Published: June 2022

vnAbstract:Considering its superior photocatalytic activity and excellent chemical stability, titanium dioxide (TiO2) is an excellent candidate for photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production. Besides, many challenges exist ahead of improving the photoresponse of TiO2 to visible light while maintaining high photocatalytic activity. Herein, the authors report recent efforts to improve the visible light PEC activity of TiO2 nanorods by in-situ doping with various iron (Fe) concentrations using a hydrothermal method. The influences of Fe doping concentrations on the morphological and structural properties of TiO2 nanorods were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, this work demonstrates that Fe doping could improve the PEC activity of TiO2 nanorods under visible light irradiation. The authors achieve a remarkable enhancement in the photocurrent density, as high as 2.9 mA/cm2 at an applied voltage of 0.5 V, for the sample synthesised with an Fe doping concentration of 10 mM. These results reveal that Fe-doped TiO2 nanorods can serve as ideal materials for PEC applications.
Eosinophilic gastroenteritis with ascites at Children’s Hospital No.2:a case report and review of the literature
Authors:   Department of Pediatrics, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ha Van Thieu ,   Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital No.2, Trinh Huu Tung ,   Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital No.2
Published: June 2022

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE) is a digestive disorder in children and adults that is characterised by eosinophilic infiltration in the stomach and intestine. Depending on the dominant layer of infiltration, this disorder is classified into three types, namely, mucosal, muscularis, and subserosa. Subserosa clinical presentation usually begins with ascites and is sometimes associated with symptoms of intestinal obstruction. Ascites is characterised by marked eosinophilia in ascitic fluid. EGE with ascites simulating appendicitis and peritonitis is rare in paediatric patients. This publication aims to report a case series of EGE with clinical features, treatment responses, and a review of the current strategies in the management of eosinophilic ascites.
Visualization of internal forces inside the proton in a classical relativistic model
Authors: Varma Mira , Schweitzer Peter
Published: June 2022

A classical model of a stable particle of finite size is studied. The model parameters can be chosen such that the described particle has the mass and radius of a proton. Using the energy-momentum tensor (EMT), we show how the presence of long-range forces alters some notions taken for granted in short-range systems. We focus our attention on the D-term form factor. The important conclusion is that a more careful definition of the D-term may be required when long-range forces are present.