bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Properties and modulation of excitatory inputs to the locus coeruleus
Authors: Barcomb Kelsey , Olah Samantha S. , Kennedy Matthew J. , Ford Christopher P.
Published: September 2022

Excitatory inputs drive burst firing of locus coeruleus (LC) noradrenaline (NA) neurons in response to a variety of stimuli. Though a small number of glutamatergic LC afferents have been investigated, the overall landscape of these excitatory inputs is largely unknown. The current study used an optogenetic approach to isolate three glutamatergic afferents: the prefrontal cortex (PFC), lateral hypothalamus (LH) and periaqueductal grey (PAG). AAV5‐DIO‐ChR2 was injected into each region in male and female CaMKII‐Cre mice and the properties of excitatory inputs on LC‐NA cells were measured. Notably we found differences among these inputs. First, the pattern of axonal innervation differed between inputs such that LH afferents were concentrated in the posterior portion of the LC‐NA somatic region while PFC afferents were denser in the medial dendritic region. Second, basal intrinsic properties varied for afferents, with LH inputs having the highest connectivity and the largest amplitude excitatory postsynaptic currents while PAG inputs had the lowest initial release probability. Third, while orexin and oxytocin had minimal effects on any input, dynorphin strongly inhibited excitatory inputs originating from the LH and PAG, and corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) selectively inhibited inputs from the PAG. Overall, these results demonstrate that individual afferents to the LC have differing properties, which may contribute to the modularity of the LC and its ability to mediate various behavioural outcomes.

image

Key points

Excitatory inputs to the locus coeruleus (LC) are important for driving noradrenaline neuron activity and downstream behaviours in response to salient stimuli, but little is known about the functional properties of different glutamate inputs that innervate these neurons

We used a virus‐mediated optogenetic approach to compare glutamate afferents from the prefrontal cortex (PFC), the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and the periaqueductal grey (PAG).

While PFC was predicted to make synaptic inputs, we found that the LH and PAG also drove robust excitatory events in LC noradrenaline neurons.

The strength, kinetics, and short‐term plasticity of each input differed as did the extent of neuromodulation by both dynorphin and corticotrophin releasing factor.

Thus each input displayed a unique set of basal properties and modulation by peptides. This characterization is an important step in deciphering the heterogeneity of the LC.
Protocolo para una revisión de revisiones: efecto del consumo de café en el perfil lipídico y el riesgo de dislipidemia
Authors: Badoui Rodríguez Nora , Rico Diana Carolina , Marin Juan Camilo
Published: September 2022

Introducción: El café es una bebida que se asocia con modificaciones metabólicas, entre ellas cambios en el perfil de los lípidos. Por su parte, los cambios lipídicos, como incremento de colesterol LDL o el colesterol HDL disminuido, se relaciona con desenlaces cardiovasculares adversos. Teniendo en cuenta la frecuencia de consumo de esta bebida y la evidencia sobre su impacto en el sistema cardiovascular y de muertes, es necesario comprender cómo el consumo de café modifica el perfil de los lípidos. Métodos y análisis: Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda en Embase, Pubmed, BVS y Cochrane limitando por fechas desde la creación de las bases de datos, en francés, español e inglés. Se incluyeron metanálisis y revisiones sistemáticas que evaluarán el impacto del consumo de café en el perfil de lípidos en personas adultas. La calidad metodológica de cada estudio se evaluó mediante la herramienta “Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2” (Amstar2). Se tuvo en cuenta la heterogeneidad de los resultados reportados mediante el estimador I2. Se llevó a cabo un análisis de sensibilidad de los resultados por subgrupos según la calidad de los estudios incluidos.
Descripción y prevalencia de endocarditis en la población colombiana en el periodo 2015-2020
Authors: Ríos Olaya Luis Sebastian , Beltrán Barriga Daniela Sofía , Sayegh Faouzi , Infante-Rovaina Gabriela , García-González Isabela , Sarmiento Acuña Karen Solanyi
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: Dar a conocer las características sociodemográficas y de georreferenciación de la población colombiana con endocarditis. Métodos: Los datos se obtuvieron del Sistema Integrado de Información de la Protección Social. Se realizaron cálculos de prevalencia por cada 10 000 habitantes para cada tipo de endocarditis y variables sociodemográficas. Se utilizó Microsoft Excel® 2016 para el análisis de los datos con intervalos de confianza del 95 %. Resultados: Se encontró un total de 7495 registros de endocarditis con una tasa promedio de 0,31/10 000 habitantes, siendo más frecuentes la endocarditis valvular y la endocarditis aguda. Se observó la mediana para la edad en 51 ± 13,7 años, más frecuente en el sexo masculino, entre 15 y 64 años. Los departamentos con mayor tasa de prevalencia fueron Vaupés y Santander. Conclusiones: La endocarditis presenta una tendencia en aumento durante los últimos años, con mayor prevalencia en la edad productiva, por lo que se considera necesario generar políticas de salud pública para mejorar el diagnóstico y el tratamiento.
Padres canguro renuentes al egreso hospitalario: un análisis temático
Authors: Montealegre Pomar Adriana del Pilar , Camacho Sánchez Jhon , Domínguez Perilla Aura , Puentes Sánchez Sandra Milena
Published: September 2022

Introducción: Los padres de bebés prematuros o de bajo peso en Colombia reciben entrenamiento en Método Madre Canguro (MMC) desde el hospital, para empoderarse en el cuidado de sus hijos y lograr un egreso temprano. Si esto no es posible, los bebés tendrán mayor riesgo de infecciones, mayor tiempo de separación con sus padres y mayores costos de hospitalización. Objetivo: Describir las experiencias de padres entrenados en MMC renuentes al egreso, para identificar y modificar errores probables en la adaptación canguro intrahospitalaria. Método: Grupo focal piloto con cinco padres renuentes al egreso. Se realizó un análisis temático de la transcripción. Resultados: Los padres experimentaron sentimientos de pobre empoderamiento que no mejoraba con el entrenamiento proporcionado, basado en charlas y observación; esto, unido a la percepción de la experticia del personal de salud, puede hacer que consideren la posibilidad de permanecer en la unidad neonatal por la seguridad de sus bebés. En casa, la exposición directa y repetida en el cuidado de los bebés genera mayor confianza. Conclusiones: Aumentar la exposición directa de los padres al cuidado de sus bebés antes del egreso, mejoraría su experiencia en el hospital, su confianza y la calidad del cuidado que pueden proporcionar, lo que permitiría un egreso temprano.
Embolización arterial para controlar hemorragias de las vías digestivas altas en pacientes geriátricos: presentación de un caso en un paciente nonagenario
Authors: Cortés-Bahamón Carlos Marío , Gámez-Fragoso Diana Carolina , Chavarro Carvajal Diego Andrés , Gómez Arteaga Ronald Camilo
Published: September 2022

La hemorragia de las vías digestivas altas es una patología con alta incidencia en los adultos mayores de 65 años, y es una de las complicaciones médicas que más demandan servicios de salud. Dados los cambios en la pirámide demográfica mundial, con un crecimiento sin precedentes de la población de adultos mayores, hace que sea un entidad de mucho interés en la práctica médica para los servicios de geriatría, gastroenterología y radiología intervencionista, ya que su incidencia aumenta con la edad. El artículo analiza el caso de un paciente nonagenario, quien presentó sangrado gastrointestinal alto sin adecuado control endoscópico con escleroterapia y clips, quien requirió manejo endovascular y tuvo un adecuado desenlace.
Zero Dynamics, Pendulum Models, and Angular Momentum in Feedback Control of Bipedal Locomotion
Authors: Gong Yukai , Grizzle Jessy W.
Published: September 2022

Low-dimensional models are ubiquitous in the bipedal robotics literature. On the one hand is the community of researchers that bases feedback control design on pendulum models selected to capture the center of mass dynamics of the robot during walking. On the other hand is the community that bases feedback control design on virtual constraints, which induce an exact low-dimensional model in the closed-loop system. In the first case, the low-dimensional model is valued for its physical insight and analytical tractability. In the second case, the low-dimensional model is integral to a rigorous analysis of the stability of walking gaits in the full-dimensional model of the robot. This paper seeks to clarify the commonalities and differences in the two perspectives for using low-dimensional models. In the process of doing so, we argue that angular momentum about the contact point is a better indicator of robot state than linear velocity. Concretely, we show that an approximate (pendulum and zero dynamics) model parameterized by angular momentum provides better predictions for foot placement on a physical robot (e.g., legs with mass) than does a related approximate model parameterized in terms of linear velocity. We implement an associated angular-momentum-based controller on Cassie, a 3D robot, and demonstrate high agility and robustness in experiments.
Analytical Solution to Time-Periodic Electro-Osmotic Flow of Generalized Maxwell Fluids in Parallel Plate Microchannel With Slip-Dependent Zeta Potential
Authors: Nath Ashim Jyoti , Roy Pulak , Banerjee Debanjan , Pati Sukumar , Randive Pitambar R. , Biswas Pankaj
Published: September 2022

In this technical brief, we report the flow characteristics of a time-periodic electrokinetically mediated flow of generalized Maxwell fluid through a straight planar microchannel considering the interfacial slip effect on surface potential. Critical values of Reynolds number are obtained at different relaxation times where flow reversal initialization occurs in the core region of the microchannel. Thinner electrical double layer results in higher velocity amplitude, which is further amplified for apparent zeta potential. Moreover, dissimilar zeta potentials result in the asymmetrical amplitude of the velocity near and away from the walls of the microchannel at higher Reynolds numbers. The value of the volumetric flow rate oscillates with the relaxation time for the apparent and the true zeta potential.
Real Time Micro Gas Turbines Performance Assessment Tool: Comprehensive Transient Behavior Prediction With Computationally Effective Techniques
Authors: Gaitanis Aggelos , Contino Francesco , De Paepe Ward
Published: September 2022

Conventional centralized power generation is increasingly transforming into a more distributed structure. The periodic power production that is created by the renewable production unit generates the need for small-scale heat and power units. One of the promising technologies which can assist flexible power grid is micro gas turbines (mGTs). Such engines are competent candidates for small-scale combined heat and power (CHP). mGTs, as compensators for demand fluctuations, are required to work on transient and part-load conditions, creating new research challenges. A complete characterization of their dynamic behavior through a real-time simulation tool is necessary to establish effective control systems. Moreover, the energy transition requires the conversion of conventional mGTs to more sophisticated high-efficient cycles with the addition of extra components (saturation unit, aftercooler, etc.). Consequently, a modular and computationally fast real-time tool offers an asset in the development of future cycles based on the mGT concept. This paper presents the development of a numerical in-house tool implemented in Python programing language for the performance prediction of the mGT. The fundamental target of our work is to achieve high fidelity of the simulated dynamic responses. The key benefit of this tool is the low complexity component modules. The model is validated with experimental results from the VUB T100 test rig. The code reproduces the experimental data well during steady-state and transient operations as the key cycle parameters present a deviation from the measurements within the range of 1.5%.
Static and Rotordynamic Characteristics for Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Spiral Groove Dry Gas Seal With the Tilted Seal Ring
Authors: Yuan Tao , Li Zhigang , Li Jun , Yuan Qi
Published: September 2022

Supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO2) Brayton cycle has been widely used as a substitute for traditional steam cycles. As one of the key components of power-dense turbomachines, dry gas seal (DGS) has been considered one of the most suitable dynamic seal options due to its superior sealing performance. In this paper, considering the installation errors and external disturbances of the shaft end seal in a 14 MW supercritical carbon dioxide turbine, a comprehensive numerical study was conducted on the seal static and rotordynamic characteristics for four dry gas seal designs with different coning displacements. To account for the real gas effect of SCO2, a table lookup program was used to obtain the physics properties of CO2 under supercritical conditions based on the database of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). A frequency-dependent rotordynamic coefficients stiffness damping model (KC model) for SCO2 DGS and the mesh deformation technique were adapted to analyze the rotordynamic performance of the designed DGS. Steady-state numerical results of leakage rate, opening force, and steady film stiffness were analyzed and compared under four coning displacements. Transient numerical results of rotordynamic force coefficients were analyzed and studied under four coning displacement ratios and 10 vibration frequencies. Results show that the increase in coning displacement causes a 20% rise in leakage rate and a 2.4% increase in opening force. The tilted seal ring results in a maximum 30%–84% variation of the dynamic stiffness and greatly influences the damping coefficient. From a comprehensive view, the tilt of the seal rings brings undesired influences on both the static and rotor dynamic performance of SCO2 DGS. The distortion of the seal rings due to installation errors and other disturbances should be avoided as far as possible in SCO2 DGSs.
A Dual-Layer Coating Using Nanoparticle-Polymer Hybrid Materials for Daytime Passive Radiative Cooling
Authors: Lin Kaixin , Zhu Tong , Zhu Yihao , Ho Tsz Chung , Lee Hau Him , Chao Luke , Tso Chi Yan
Published: September 2022

Radiative cooling takes advantage of cold outer space as an ultimate heat sink to cool objects by spontaneously radiative heat loss in the mid-infrared wavelength range where the atmosphere is highly transparent. This renewable cooling strategy is considered as a sustainable alternative to save energy and reduce the adverse effect on the environment caused by traditional air-conditioning systems. However, it is still challenging to achieve a 24-hour continuous cooling which requires materials for broadband reflection in the solar spectrum from ultraviolet to near-infrared to reduce heat absorption from the sun during daytime operation. Recently, daytime passive radiative cooling has been achieved by designs using dielectric materials, optical structures, metal reflectors, etc. Although effective in optical properties, those designs are costly to fabricate and are difficult for scalable applications. In this work, we present a bi-layer radiative cooling paint (BRCP) using nanoparticle-polymer hybrid materials for daytime passive radiative cooling applications. The bottom layer, doping TiO2 nanoparticles in PDMS polymer, selectively reflects sunlight from the visible to near-infrared range. An Al2O3-nanoparticle-doped PDMS layer is applied atop the bottom layer to enhance ultraviolet reflection. Consequently, the dual-layer coating with optimized thickness and particle concentration attains an overall solar reflection of 92.2% and a mid-infrared emittance (8∼13 μm) of 95.3%. With the promising optical performance, a daytime radiative cooling power of 97.17 W/m2 is theoretically expected under a clear and dry climate. Overall, the dual-layer coating promises an appealing solution for cooling while offering good applicability and scalability in paint format.
Validation of Panel Temperature Correlation Models Using Data From a Utility Scale Solar Field
Authors: Belanger Jacques , Davol Andrew , Dinius Katelynn , Dubois Ryan , Getty Sophie
Published: September 2022

The paper presents results on an investigation of different models used to predict photovoltaic (PV) panel temperatures using data from the Cal Poly San Luis Obispo campus 4.5 MW Gold Tree solar farm. The accurate panel temperature is required for evaluating the panel’s capacity to generate electricity. To perform the investigation, data recorded by the field management system and additional experimental data collected in the field are used. Using temperatures recorded by the field management system, it was possible to get good correlation with some of the temperature models. However, inconsistencies were encountered when trying to use the same models with the additional temperature measurements taken in the field over the fall of 2021. From these measurements it could be argued that the temperature of the instrumented panel recorded in the management system is not always representative of the temperature of panels located in the middle of the solar field. These additional measurements indicate that panels in the middle of the field can be 10°C hotter than the panels located at the edge of the field during the afternoon hours. Those measurements also indicate that, during the day, a “local ambient” temperature in the middle of the solar field can be up to 10°C hotter than the meteorological station reported ambient temperature around the solar farm.
Co-Processing of Municipal Solid Waste With Gypsum Waste for Enhanced Product Recovery
Authors: Burra K. G. , Gupta A. K.
Published: September 2022

With growing generation of municipal solid wastes, development of sustainable disposal techniques is essential for effective utilization of these resources. While waste-to-energy (WtE) facilities provide energy recovery from these wastes, the low relative value of energy makes it unattractive. Simultaneously, high oxidation environment in these facilities also means losing significantly valuable resources such as metals/mineral in the form of their oxides and forming pollutant flue gases and fly-ash. Alternative pathways in waste-to-energy involve designing variable oxygen staging to effectively limit oxidation to only carbonaceous materials while minimizing high oxidation state products of metals. In such operating conditions, formation of char from the MSW components is thermodynamically favored and effective utilization of this resource in-situ can be valuable to improve the reactor operability. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of utilizing waste gypsum from construction/demolition sector to co-process in WtE process. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) with FTIR analysis of evolved gas was utilized to understand the operation conditions for such a co-processing and the formation of evolved gas products such as CO2, CO and SO2. Char formed from pyrolysis of waste tires was investigated to examine its reactions with gypsum. Char was found to be reduced by reacting with the anhydrous gypsum at temperatures beyond 850 °C. These studies also include the effect of oxidation potential of the purge gas on this reaction which was carried out by introducing 4.8% O2 into the TGA purge gas to understand its effect on the reaction of gypsum with the char in comparison to char oxidation.
Listeria monocytogenes Infection Alters the Content and Function of Extracellular Vesicles Produced by Trophoblast Stem Cells
Authors: Kaletka Jonathan , Lee Kun Ho , Altman Josephine , Kanada Masamitsu , Hardy Jonathan W.
Published: September 2022

Placental immunity is critical for fetal health during pregnancy, as invading pathogens spread from the parental blood to the fetus through this organ. However, inflammatory responses in the placenta can adversely affect both the fetus and the pregnant person, and the balance between protective placental immune response and detrimental inflammation is poorly understood.
Single-Molecule Real-Time Sequencing to Explore the Mycobiome Diversity in Malt
Authors: Long Nan , Liu Jinxin , Liu Jiali , Li Ying , Hou Yujiao , Liao Xiaofang , Zhou Lidong , Shi Linchun , Kong Weijun
Published: September 2022

Fungal contamination and secondary metabolite accumulation in agricultural products represent a global food safety challenge. Although high-throughput sequencing (HTS) is beneficial for explaining fungal communities, it presents disadvantages, such as short reads, species-level resolution, and uncertain identification.
Emergence of Extensively Drug-Resistant ST170 Citrobacter portucalensis with Plasmids pK218-KPC, pK218-NDM, and pK218-SHV from a Tertiary Hospital, China
Authors: Luo Xinhua , Yu Lianhua , Feng Jiao , Zhang Jin , Zheng Cheng , Hu Dakang , Dai Piaopiao , Xu Mengqiao , Li Piaopiao , Lin Ronghai , Mu Kai
Published: September 2022

This is the first report of extensively drug-resistant
C. portucalensis
harboring both
bla
KPC-2
and
bla
NDM-1
. This study will not only extend the understanding of the structural dissection of plasmids and chromosomes carried in
C. portucalensis
, but also expand knowledge of the genetic environment of the
bla
KPC-2
and
bla
NDM-1
genes.
bla
KPC-2
and
bla
NDM-1
genes have been suggested to facilitate the propagation and persistence of their host bacteria under different antimicrobial selection pressures.
Page phenomenon in a transplanted kidney: is it salvageable?
Authors: Cisneros Rafael , Nair Amit , Kashyap Randeep , Pineda-Solis Karen
Published: September 2022

A male in his late 70s with a history of an uncomplicated kidney transplantation 20 years prior was brought to the Emergency Department after experiencing blunt abdominal trauma following a motor vehicle collision. Imaging revealed a large perinephric haematoma, a retroperitoneal haematoma and multiple fractures. He was admitted to the intensive care unit where a renal haematoma was found to be expanding with ultrasonography (US) and developed renal dysfunction including anuria and hyperkalemia. His creatinine rose to twice his baseline and Doppler US showed elevated resistive indices, confirming extrinsic compression and causing a Page phenomenon. An open surgical exploration through the upper aspect of his Gibson incisional scar was performed followed by evacuation of the haematoma. An intraoperative US was done demonstrating good flow in the renal vessels. His postoperative course was uncomplicated and was discharged home with renal function back to baseline. On follow-up, he continued to have a good renal function.
Primary ovarian leiomyosarcoma in a woman with uterovaginal prolapse
Authors: Bahadur Anupama , Mundhra Rajlaxmi , Verma Pallavi , Phulware Ravi Hari
Published: September 2022

Primary ovarian leiomyosarcoma is a very uncommon and aggressive neoplasm. We presented a right-sided ovarian leiomyosarcoma in a woman in her late 40s. No case has been described in the literature till now of primary ovarian leiomyosarcoma in a woman with uterovaginal prolapse. A total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy, metastasectomy, excision of large tumour deposit over small intestine followed by resection with ileo-ileal anastomosis and omentectomy was performed. The diagnosis was made based on morphology along with immunohistochemistry. The patient was given adjuvant chemotherapy during postoperative period. Due to rarity, there is a dearth of information on the clinical behaviour and best treatment options for these tumours. This case report highlighted the importance of clinical awareness and aimed to provide a baseline to guide clinical practice as well as future research.
Translating electronic health record-based patient safety algorithms from research to clinical practice at multiple sites
Authors: Zimolzak Andrew J , Singh Hardeep , Murphy Daniel R , Wei Li , Memon Sahar A , Upadhyay Divvy K , Korukonda Saritha , Zubkoff Lisa , Sittig Dean F
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Researchers are increasingly developing algorithms that impact patient care, but algorithms must also be implemented in practice to improve quality and safety.

Objective

We worked with clinical operations personnel at two US health systems to implement algorithms to proactively identify patients without timely follow-up of abnormal test results that warrant diagnostic evaluation for colorectal or lung cancer. We summarise the steps involved and lessons learned.

Methods

Twelve sites were involved across two health systems. Implementation involved extensive software documentation, frequent communication with sites and local validation of results. Additionally, we used automated edits of existing code to adapt it to sites’ local contexts.

Results

All sites successfully implemented the algorithms. Automated edits saved sites significant work in direct code modification. Documentation and communication of changes further aided sites in implementation.

Conclusion

Patient safety algorithms developed in research projects were implemented at multiple sites to monitor for missed diagnostic opportunities. Automated algorithm translation procedures can produce more consistent results across sites.
5 Rifaximin prophylaxis against travellers’ diarrhoea does nor increase acquisition of extended-spectrum ß – lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) in a UK military population travelling to Kenya
Authors: Troth Tom , Burns Daniel , Porter Chad , Rimmer Joanna , Fraser Jamie , Lalani Tahaniyat , Tribble David , Schaik Willem Van , Gutierrez Ramiro
Published: September 2022

Background

Travellers’ Diarrhoea (TD) is a significant issue for deployed troops. Antibiotic prophylaxis can be effective but raises antimicrobial resistance (AMR) concerns. PREVENT TD study, was a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial comparing once- and twice-daily rifaximin 550mg against placebo (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02498301). Rifaximin showed a protective effect (0.05 vs 0.36/100 person days, p= 0.025 vs placebo) against incident TD. Here we present our results on the acquisition of ESBL-E in PREVENT TD participants.

Methods

Enrolled UK subjects deployed to Kenya for 6-week periods. 121 participants provided stool samples upon arrival and prior to departure.

Approximately 100mg of stool was incubated in Luria Broth with cefotaxime (10 μg/ml) at 37°C overnight. Cultures were then spread onto ESBL Chromoselect agar and incubated again overnight. Growth was taken as positive for ESBL-E bacteria. The two rifaximin intervention arms were compared to placebo using Fisher’s exact test.

Bioinformatic analysis has been performed using Parsnp, MLST and Abricate programs.

Results

84/121 (69.4%) subjects had no ESBL-E present on arrival in Kenya. The highest incidence of ESBL acquisition was observed in subjects randomised to the placebo arm; however, the differences were not statistically significant (table in presentation).

In the cohorts colonised with ESBL-E at the start of the study, there was a non-statistically significant reduction in the ESBL-E rates with those taking rifaximin prophylaxis.

Genome sequencing showed a number of ESBL-E E. coli are genetically very similar suggesting a source in Kenya.

Conclusions

While ESBL acquisition rate was relatively high (26.5%), rifaximin was not associated with an increase in ESBL acquisition. Further work will be performed to investigate acquisition of rifaximin resistance among commensal Enterobacteriaceae during the trial.

Further Bioinformatic work is ongoing looking at acquisition of resistance genes.
Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: historical context and a contemporary guide
Authors: Carswell Christopher
Published: September 2022

Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) was described in 1965 as a syndrome in which hydrocephalus develops but with a normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure, causing shunt-responsive gait apraxia, cognitive impairment and urinary incontinence. Not all patients respond to shunting despite having the clinical syndrome with appropriate radiological features. This has led to considerable debate over subsequent decades regarding idiopathic NPH. It is now understood that asymptomatic communicating hydrocephalus can develop in many healthy older people, and that over time this can develop into a symptomatic state that sometimes responds to CSF shunting, but to a variable extent. This review looks at the historical background of NPH, the use of predictive tests, the current state of clinical evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic NPH and the possible underlying causes, to provide a contemporary practical guide for assessing patients with the radiological features of idiopathic NPH.
Cancer survivors: long-term opioid therapy – the challenge
Authors: Mercadante Sebastiano , Grassi Yasmine , Gebbia Vittorio
Published: September 2022

The use of opioids in cancer survivors with chronic pain raises concerns as it occurs with chronic non-malignant pain .Thus, in some circumstances advanced therapeuthic strategies should be performed to allow pain control for prolonged periods of time We describe a case of a long-survivor patient receiving prolonged opioid therapy. She received multiple opioid rotations or some more complex treatments, including burst of ketamine and midazolam, which allowed to maintain an acceptable pain control for 12 years, despite her poor compliance. Different opioids in different phases were given. A high level of knowledge, experience, and assessment is mandatory to implement of pain management among survivors.
Bounds in nonequilibrium quantum dynamics
Authors: Gong Zongping , Hamazaki Ryusuke
Published: September 2022

We review various bounds concerning out-of-equilibrium dynamics in few-level and many-body quantum systems. We primarily focus on closed quantum systems but will also mention some related results for open quantum systems and classical stochastic systems. We start from the speed limits, the universal bounds on the speeds of (either quantum or classical) dynamical evolutions. We then turn to review the bounds that address how good and how long would a quantum system equilibrate or thermalize. Afterward, we focus on the stringent constraint set by locality in many-body systems, rigorously formalized as the Lieb–Robinson bound. We also review the bounds related to the dynamics of entanglement, a genuine quantum property. Apart from some other miscellaneous topics, several notable error bounds for approximated quantum dynamics are discussed. While far from comprehensive, this topical review covers a considerable amount of recent progress and thus could hopefully serve as a convenient starting point and up-to-date guidance for interested readers.
Computing quantum correlation functions by importance Sampling method based on path integrals
Authors: Datta Sumita
Published: September 2022

In this paper, an importance sampling method based on the Generalized Feynman–Kac (GFK) method has been used to calculate the mean values of quantum observables from quantum correlation functions for many-body systems with the Born–Oppenheimer approximation in the nonrelativistic limit both at zero and finite temperature. Specifically, the expectation values [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for the ground state of the lithium and beryllium and the density matrix, the partition function, the internal energy and the specific heat of a system of quantum harmonic oscillators are computed, in good agreement with the best nonrelativistic values for these quantities. Although the initial results are encouraging, more experimentation will be needed to improve the other existing numerical results beyond chemical accuracies specially for the last two properties for lithium and beryllium. Also more work needs to be done to improve the trial functions for finite temperature calculations. Although these results look promising, more work needs to be done to achieve the spectroscopic accuracy at zero temperature and to estimate the finite temperature effects from the non-Born–Oppenheimer calculations. Also more experimentation will be needed to study the convergence criteria for the inverse properties for atoms at zero temperature.
BETTER LATE THAN NEVER! INVESTIGATING DETERMINANTS OF AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN TEMPORARY AND CONTINUOUS INNOVATION REJECTIONS
Authors: HEIDENREICH SVEN , MILLEMANN JAN A. , JORDANOW SLAWKA
Published: September 2022

Little research effort has been dedicated to investigate the nature and determinants of and the differences between temporary and continuous consumer rejections of innovations. To shed light on both types of consumer rejection behaviours and their underlying psychological processes, this paper applies a mixed-method approach. First, we conducted a qualitative study to investigate whether known determinants comprehensively cover reasons for both types of consumer rejections. Based on the qualitative study’s evidence, we introduce a new type of innovation resistance (transactional innovation resistance) to complement the well-known concepts of active and passive innovation resistance as drivers of rejection behaviour. Second, we validated the derived framework using a large-scale quantitative study to empirically determine each determinant’s relative importance for temporary and continuous consumer rejection of innovations. Our results demonstrate that consumers who continuously reject an innovation are primarily driven by a combinatory effect of passive and active innovation resistance. In contrast, consumers who only temporarily reject are largely motivated by a combinatory effect of transactional and active innovation resistance.
DO DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES FACILITATE BUSINESS MODEL INNOVATION IN SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED CHINESE FAMILY COMPANIES?
Authors: HUANG WENJUN , ICHIKOHJI TAKEYASU
Published: September 2022

This study investigates whether small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) under family influence (FI) can achieve business model innovation (BMI) through dynamic capabilities (DCs) as promoted by prior research. Overall, 259 small and medium-sized family firms in Southeastern China were examined and analysed using the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) method. The findings showed a direct negative link between FI-DCs (sensing, seizing, and transforming capabilities), sensing capabilities—value capture, transforming capabilities—value proposition/value creation, and a positive link between seizing capabilities—value creation. Additionally, the negative moderation effect of environment dynamism was found between sensing capabilities—value capture, seizing capabilities—value creation, and transforming capabilities—value proposition. This research provides various new insights for practitioners and researchers in small and medium-sized family firms to achieve BMI through DCs. It develops an empirical, multi-dimensional hypothetical model from a micro perspective that includes the moderating role of the influencing relationship.
Real-time Image Enhancement with Attention Aggregation
Authors: Gao Qiqi , Li Jie , Zhao Tiejun , Wang Yadong
Published: September 2022

Image enhancement has stimulated significant research works over the past years for its great application potential in video conferencing scenarios. Nevertheless, most existing image enhancement approaches are still struggling to find a good tradeoff that reduces the computational cost as much as possible while maintaining plausible result quality. Recently, curve-based mapping methods are proposed and have shown great potential for real-time and high-quality image enhancement of arbitrary resolutions. In this article, we take advantage of the curve-based mapping representation and focus on further improving the enhancement quality and robustness, while minimizing additional computational costs. Specifically, we (1) carefully re-formulate the curve function to improve learning stability, and (2) aggregate different semantic attention into the curve regression process, which can overcome the major problems of curve-based methods that generate moderate results with low contrast. The semantic attention is jointly learned with the supervision from class activation mapping of pre-trained feature extractors, thus reducing the manual annotation cost of semantic labels. Experiments have shown that our proposed method significantly improves curve-based methods both qualitatively and quantitatively, achieving visually plausible results compared with other deep neural network-based enhancement methods, and maintains a very low computational cost, i.e., taking 18.7 ms for a 360p image on a single P40 GPU. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method is also capable of video enhancement tasks.
The Proton Structure in and out of Muonic Hydrogen
Authors: Antognini Aldo , Hagelstein Franziska , Pascalutsa Vladimir
Published: September 2022

Laser spectroscopy of muonic atoms has been recently used to probe properties of light nuclei with unprecedented precision. We introduce nuclear effects in hydrogen-like atoms, nucleon structure quantities (form factors, structure functions, polarizabilities), and their effects in the Lamb shift and hyperfine splitting (HFS) of muonic hydrogen (μH). Updated theory predictions for the Lamb shift and HFS in μH are presented. We review the challenges of the ongoing effort to measure the ground-state HFS in μH and its impact on our understanding of the nucleon spin structure. To narrow down this search, we present a novel theory prediction obtained by scaling the measured HFS in hydrogen while leveraging radiative corrections. We also summarize recent developments in the spectroscopy of simple atomic and molecular systems and emphasize how they allow for precise determinations of fundamental constants, bound-state QED tests, and New Physics searches.
Novel Quantum Sensors for Light Dark Matter and Neutrino Detection
Authors: Golwala Sunil R. , Figueroa-Feliciano Enectali
Published: September 2022

The fields of light dark matter and neutrino physics offer compelling signals at recoil energies of eV to even meV, well below the [Formula: see text] keV thresholds of many techniques currently employed in these fields. Sensing of such small energies can benefit from the emergence of so-called quantum sensors, which employ fundamentally quantum mechanical phenomena to transduce energy depositions into electrical signals. This review focuses on quantum sensors under development that will enhance and extend the search for “particle-like” interactions of dark matter or enable new measurements of neutrino properties in the coming years.
Frost Forecasting considering Geographical Characteristics
Authors: Kim Hyojeoung , Kim Jong-Min , Kim Sahm
Published: September 2022

Regional accuracy was examined using extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) to improve frost prediction accuracy, and accuracy differences by region were found. When the points were divided into two groups with weather variables, Group 1 had a coastal climate with a high minimum temperature, humidity, and wind speed and Group 2 exhibited relatively inland climate characteristics. We calculated the accuracy in the two groups and found that the precision and recall scores in coastal areas (Group 1) were significantly lower than those in the inland areas (Group 2). Geographic elements (distance from the nearest coast and height) were added as variables to improve accuracy. In addition, considering the continuity of frost occurrence, the method of reflecting the frost occurrence of the previous day as a variable and the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) pretreatment were used to increase the learning ability.
[Retracted] Study on the Effect of Hope Theory Combined with Psychological Intervention on the Improvement of Prognosis
Authors: Zou Tingting , Liu Jing , Tan Liping
Published: September 2022

In order to evaluate the effect of the hope theory combined with psychological intervention on patients with intracranial aneurysms after surgical treatment, a total of 98 patients with intracranial aneurysm surgery admitted to our hospital from March 2019 to January 2021 were analyzed. According to the random number table method, all patients are divided into two groups: the traditional group and the experimental group. After intracranial aneurysm surgery, the patients of the traditional group and of the joint group are treated with conventional nursing and hope theory combined with psychological intervention nursing mode, respectively. The results demonstrate that the hope theory combined with psychological intervention can improve the level of postoperative patients with intracranial aneurysm life hope, self‐efficacy, and postoperative quality of life.
Bulk and Single-Cell Transcriptome Analyses Revealed That the Pyroptosis of Glioma-Associated Macrophages Participates in Tumor Progression and Immunosuppression
Authors: Li Lin , Wu Leyang , Yin Xingpeng , Li Chenyang , Hua Zichun
Published: September 2022

Glioma is the most common of all central nervous system (CNS) malignancies and is associated with a poor prognosis. Pyroptosis has been proven to be associated with the progression of multiple tumors and CNS diseases. However, the relationships between pyroptosis and clinical prognosis and immune cell infiltration are unclear in glioma. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive exploration of pyroptosis in glioma. First, prognosis-related genes were screened at each key regulatory locus in the pyroptosis pathway, and the prognostic ability and coexpression relationships of GSDMD and its upstream pathway genes NLRC4/CASP1/CASP4 were identified and well validated in multiple datasets. Tissue microarray-based immunohistochemistry results showed higher levels of NLRC4 and N-terminal GSDMD in high-grade gliomas, providing conclusive evidence of pyroptosis in gliomas. The robustness of the prognostic model based on these four genes was well validated in TCGA and CGGA cohorts. Bulk RNA-seq-based analysis showed that the group defined as the high-risk group according to the model showed activation of multiple inflammatory response pathways and impaired synaptic gene expression and had a higher infiltration of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and a hypersuppressed immune microenvironment. More importantly, three independent single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) datasets demonstrated that tumor-infiltrating macrophages, particularly BMDMs but not tissue-resident microglia, showed significant coexpression of the GSDMD and CASP genes, and BMDMs from high-grade gliomas accounted for a higher proportion of immune infiltrating cells and had higher expression of pyroptosis genes. Finally, we revealed the activation of pathways in response to LPS/bacteria and oxidative stress during BMDM development toward the pyroptosis cell fate by pseudotime trajectory analysis, suggesting potential BMDM pyroptosis initiators. The above results provide not only novel insights into the pathological mechanisms of glioma but also novel therapeutic targets for glioma, suggesting the potential application of pyroptosis inhibitors (e.g., disulfiram).
The Panel Spatial Econometric Analysis for Development of Green Intensive Agriculture Based on Edge Computing and Internet of Things
Authors: Li Qiubo , Shi Hongyu
Published: September 2022

To further promote the modernization of agriculture and the prosperity of green industry, the analyses are made on the intensive level of agriculture by using spatial econometric model under the Internet of Things (IoT), and the optimal defense strategy is adopted for edge network equipment to ensure the security of agricultural information. Initially, the present work introduces the related concepts of agricultural intensive development and analyzes the important role of IoT in the development process of agricultural modernization. Next, it briefly explains the spatial econometric analysis method, introduces two basic spatial analysis models‐spatial lag model (SLM) and spatial error model (SEM), and explains their principles in detail. Then, it signifies the characteristics of IoT and edge computing (EC) and designs the optimal defense strategy of edge network equipment from the perspective of IoT. Finally, the simulation experiment is carried out based on the edge network defense strategy, and the spatial econometric analysis is carried out by taking the agricultural intensive development of counties in a Chinese province as an example. The experimental results show that with the increase of the number of edge network devices, the optimal strategy of edge network defense can be adopted while consuming certain computing resources. The agricultural technology input and intensive level in the jurisdiction have high spatial correlation, so it is necessary to establish a spatial econometric model for analysis. Additionally, the statistics of SLM is higher than that of SEM, which shows that SLM can better reflect the technology investment and spatial correlation than SEM does. Both industrial and agricultural division of labor and agricultural production link division of labor can promote the level of intensification, among which the promotion of industrial and agricultural division of labor is not very significant, while the promotion of agricultural production link division of labor is very significant.
Study on the Predictive Value of Thromboelastography in Early Neurological Deterioration in Patients with Primary Acute Cerebral Infarction
Authors: Zhang Xuena , Jia Xiaohui , Chen Ling , Zheng Wenhu , Zhu Jing , Ma Aiying
Published: September 2022

Objective. To investigate the predictive value of thromboelastography for the occurrence of early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with primary acute cerebral infarction (ACI). Methods. 150 patients who were hospitalized in the department of neurology of our hospital from September 2020 to September 2021 and were clearly diagnosed with primary ACI by head CT and head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were selected and divided into END and non-END groups according to the change in National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score within 72 h of admission. The general baseline data and laboratory indexes of the first examination at admission were compared between the two groups, and the factors that may affect the occurrence of END were determined by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis, and the predictive value of thromboelastography on the occurrence of END after ACI was analyzed by applying the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results. Time to onset, baseline NIHSS score, percentage of diabetes, white blood cell (WBC) levels, C-reactive protein (CRP), and apolipoprotein B (Apo B) levels were higher in the END group than in the non-END group (

P
<
0.05

); coagulation reaction time (RT) (3.97 ± 1.16 vs. 5.49 ± 1.03) and kinetic time (KT) (1.32 ± 0.67 vs. 1.82 ± 0.58) were lower in the END group than in the non-END group (

P
<
0.05

). Inthe END group (

P
<
0.05

) diabetes, baseline NHISS score, CRP level, Apo B level, and RT were independent risk factors for the development of END in patients with ACI (

P
<
0.05

). The AUC of RT to predict the occurrence of END in patients with ACI was 0.855 (95% CI: 0784 to 0925,

P
=
0.001

), with a sensitivity of 81.70% and specificity of 78.00% when the optimal cut-off value was 0.597. Conclusion. NIHSS score at admission, CRP, apolipoprotein B, RT shortening, and diabetes mellitus were independent risk factors for the development of END in ACI patients; RT shortening in TEG was predictive of END in ACI patients.