bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
فعالية بعض الانواع البكتيرية المعزولة والمشخصة ونبات الذرة الصفراء في معالجة التربة الملوثة ببعض العناصر الثقيلة
Authors: محمود صائب جاسم , عطية غسان فارس , مهدي وائل محمد
Published: March 2023

تم استعمال بكتريا  Pseudomonas.aeruginosaو Staphylococcus.lentus ونبات الذرة الصفراء Zea Mays في معالجة التربة الملوثة بالنفط الخام وبعض العناصر الثقيلة , اظهرت نتائج التحليل الفيزيائي والكيميائي ان تربة الدراسة كانت مزيجية , وان النوعيين البكتيريين حققا نتائج معنوية في ازالة العناصر الثقيلة والنفط الخام من التربة اذ حققت معاملة التداخل B3N1 بعد 60 يوم من المعالجة افضل ازالة لعنصر النحاس والكروم والنيكل والحديد من التربة (4.367 , 7.000 , 10.133 , 270.33 , 2.160)ppm على التوالي عند تركيز تلوث نفطي 6% , مقارنة بمعاملة السيطرة B0N0 التي حققت (8.033 , 15.600 , 19.500 , 541.67)ppm على التوالي للنحاس والكروم والنيكل والحديد والهيدروكربونات , وان معاملة التداخل بين النوعيين البكتيريين ونبات الذرة الصفراء حققت افضل نسبة ازالة للنفط الخام والعناصر الثقيلة ولمختلف التراكيز المستعملة في التجربة , كما ان البكتريا اثرت معنويا في ارتفاع النبات ومساحته الورقية مقارنة بمعاملة السيطرة .
Sabedoria de mulheres de raça
Authors: Tavares Mantovani Zabatiero Júlio Paulo
Published: March 2023

O tema do artigo é a sabedoria de mulheres em três perícopes do livro do Êxodo (4,24-26; 1,15-22; 2,1-10). O objetivo principal é a exposição exegético-hermenêutica do sentido dessas perícopes, com destaque para sua contribuição à luta por libertação. A metodologia empregada é híbrida: conjuga a exegese histórica com a análise literária e a hermenêutica de gênero e raça em perspectiva pós-colonial ou decolonial. A epistemologia presente no artigo é tributária de Gadamer e seu conceito de jogo, relido a partir da luta por libertação no continente latino-americano. Apresenta como resultados principais: a presença de textos e temas femininos no livro do Êxodo em sua história redacional e em sua forma canônica. Mostra a presença de conceitos e temas teológicos periféricos derivados da luta e da sabedoria de mulheres. Mostra a transcendência da sabedoria em relação aos limites de gênero, raça, etnia e credo. Uma contribuição incidental é feita pelo próprio estilo do artigo, que segue as normas da academia, mas as transcende com as normas da escrita sapiencial.
Samsun Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Aile Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı Merkez Polikliniği’ne Başvuran Hastaların İlaç Kullanım Alışkanlıkları
Authors: Yazıcıoğlu Bahadır , Artıran İğde Füsun
Published: March 2023

Amaç: İlaç kullanım davranışı tedavi başarısını doğrudan etkilemektedir. Bu davranışı etkileyen farklı faktörler vardır. Bu çalışmada, kişilerin ilaç kullanma davranışları ve bu davranışı etkileyen faktörleri ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Bu çalışma, kesitsel tipte, tanımlayıcı ve analitik özelliktedir. Çalışma Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Aile Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı Polikliniği’ne altı aylık sürede başvuran hastalar arasından rastgele çalışmaya katılımı kabul edenlere yüz yüze anket uygulanarak yapılmış ve bu anket ile elde edilen veriler SPSS paket program aracılığı ile analiz edilmiştir.Bulgular: Çalışma toplam 272 kişi ile yapılmıştır. Katılımcıların ortalama yaşı 30,86±13,36 olarak bulunmuştur. Hasta olunduğunda muayene olmak için ilk başvurulan yerin %47,4 oranla Aile Sağlığı merkezleri olduğu görülmüştür. Daha sonra kullanmak için ilaç reçetesi isteyen hastaların en sık ağrı kesici ilaç talep ettikleri görülmüştür. İlaçlar en sık oda sıcaklığında saklanmaktadır. Cinsiyet ve kronik hastalık varlığı ilaç kullanım davranışı üzerinde anlamlı etki oluşturmaktadır.Sonuç: Katılımcılar büyük oranda bilinçsiz ve uygunsuz ilaç kullanım davranışında bulunmaktadırlar. Bilinçli ve uygun ilaç kullanım davranışının geliştirilmesi için birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinin aktif katılımcı olması, istenen sonuca ulaşmayı kolaylaştıracaktır.
Goal Agnostic Learning and Planning without Reward Functions
Authors: Robinson Christopher , Lancaster Joshua
Published: March 2023

In this paper we present an algorithm, the Goal Agnostic Planner (GAP), which combines elements of Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) into an elegant, effective system for learning to solve sequential problems. The GAP algorithm does not require the design of either an explicit world model or a reward function to drive policy determination, and is capable of operating on both MDP and RL domain problems. The construction of the GAP lends itself to several analytic guarantees such as policy optimality, exponential goal achievement rates, reciprocal learning rates, measurable robustness to error, and explicit convergence conditions for abstracted states. Empirical results confirm these predictions, demonstrate effectiveness over a wide range of domains, and show that the GAP algorithm performance is an order of magnitude faster than standard reinforcement learning and produces plans of equal quality to MDPs, without requiring design of reward functions.
7th National Conference on Economics of Competition Law
Authors: Division Economics
Published: March 2023

No Abstract.
Collusion in Technical Development: A Perspective on EC’s Emission Cleaning Judgement
Authors: Majhi Bidyadhar , Goel Sakshi
Published: March 2023

In July 2021, the European Commission (EC) came out with a decision in a matter involving the issue of collusion in technical development with reference to emission cleaning for new diesel passenger cars. The said decision is the first of its kind, wherein the EC ruled that meeting of minds amongst competitors placed at a horizontal level with a view to limit technical development and competition on innovation in the area of emission cleaning technologies for passenger cars amounts to cartelisation, leading to the imposition of penalty on the five colluding parties. Taking clues from the above ruling of EC, this paper, by using doctrinal research methods, establishes a parallel between technology lock-in, network externalities, and collusion in technical development so far as their anti-competitive outcomes are concerned and provides that, in both technological lock-in and technical collusion, markets fail to produce efficient/competitive outcome. The paper supplements existing literature by advocating prompt regulatory intervention in both situations to correct market aberrations. Even though the ruling under reference relates to emission cleaning technologies for passenger cars, similar conduct may be present in other sectors. Accordingly, the paper suggests prompt regulatory action by competition authorities to ensure effective competition in the technology and innovation fields and for the benefit of society as a whole through the availability of innovative products at competitive prices and favourable impact on the environment.
Predatory Innovation in the Digital Era
Authors: Bansal Amit , Gupta Shruti , Desai Priyanshi , Aiyer Manasvi
Published: March 2023

The current wave of the industrial revolution has altered humankind in all ways possible. With evolution comes the possibility of conflict, especially when the intent is to eliminate competition rather than revolutionise the product or service delivery. One such conduct is predatory innovation, which involves an incumbent altering one or more technical elements of a product to limit or eliminate competition under the guise of innovation. Discourse on the topic suggests that the jurisprudence has not yet generalised the etiquette of predatory innovation, which resonates with the challenges encountered by antitrust practitioners while assessing such conduct. Thus, in this paper, we aim to examine conduct that is construed as predatory innovation, given its increasing relevance and undiscovered potential harm. We present economic literature that discusses different types of predatory innovation and describe economic tests that are equipped to assess anti-competitive harm. Subsequently, we conduct an in-depth review of select cases that exhibit predatory innovation. We conclude by suggesting a way forward for competition assessment of predatory innovation.
Retention and Registration Status of Naturopathic Doctors from Accredited Naturopathic Educational Programs in Canada – A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Lloyd Iva , Cooley Kieran , O'Reilly Shawn , Saunders Paul
Published: March 2023

Objective: This cross-sectional analysis describes the entry to practice and continuing registration of cohorts from the two accredited naturopathic medical educational programs in Canada.
Methods: Cohorts from the Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine (CCNM)-Toronto and CCNM-Boucher were included and analyzed based on jurisdiction of registration, time between graduation and registration, current registration status, and the percentage achieving advanced training and certification.
Results: A total of 565 graduates from CCNM-Toronto and 296 graduates from CCNM-Boucher were analyzed. 53.3% (n=459) were registered with the naturopathic regulator in Ontario, 34.0% (n=293) with the naturopathic regulator in British Columbia, 9.1% (n=78) with other regulators or professional associations in Canada and 3.6% (n=31) internationally. 47.3% (n=360) acquired registration within 5 to 7 months of graduation and 23.1% (n=176) within 8 to 11 months. The registration status of 74.8% (n=644) was listed as active. Of the naturopathic doctors (NDs) working in jurisdictions where these certifications are optional, 69.0% (n=392) had their prescribing certification and 49.8% (n=302) had their Intravenous and Injection Therapies (IVIT) certification.
Conclusion: This cross-sectional analysis indicated that 2 to 3 years following graduation, the NDs sampled have a similar or higher retention rate as other healthcare professionals. The majority of graduates are registered to practice in the same province as the naturopathic program they attended. A higher percentage of NDs practicing in British Columbia than in Ontario have additional training and certification in prescribing and intravenous therapies, which may be a reflection of the broader scope of practice in that province.
Interim Report on a Live Review of Systematic Reviews of Natural Health Products and Natural Therapies in the Prevention and/or Treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Lloyd Iva , Cooley Kieran , Remy Daniella
Published: March 2023

Objective: This living review of systematic reviews investigates the types and volume of research pertaining to natural health products and therapies as they relate to the prevention and/or treatment of COVID-19 and post-COVID syndrome.
Methods: A monthly search for published peer-reviewed systematic reviews of the topic was initiated May 2022 and is ongoing. Using a systematic keyword search strategy with clear inclusion and exclusion criteria, a summary of the types of studies included, the overall outcome and treatment focus were assessed.
Results: A total of 225 systematic reviews encompassing 5,636 studies of randomized controlled trials (49.8%, n=112), observational studies (21.3%, n=48), clinical studies (20.4%, n=46), and other studies (12%, n=27) were included. Of those, 28.9% (n=65) of the systematic reviews focused on prevention, 67.6% (n=152) on treatment, and 3.1% (n=8) on post-COVID. The natural health products reviewed included herbal medicine, vitamins, minerals, other natural health products, and other therapies, with 83.5% (n=188) of all systematic reviews stating a positive outcome and beneficial  potential of the natural treatment or therapy investigated.
Conclusion: This living systematic review concludes that there is a growing interest in research pertaining to natural health products and therapies with respect to the prevention of COVID-19 infections and addressing disease severity and mortality, especially in adjunct to conventional medical intervention. Nonetheless, there is a lack of high-quality evidence and consistency in outcome reporting across the large breadth of natural treatment and management options.
SMART MEDICINE REMINDER AND DISPENSER
Authors: J. Mohan  , G. Bapitha  , kumar H. Susil
Published: March 2023

Because of our specialized understanding in our profession, engineers have a higher duty to address societal problems as they arise. Many individuals today all around the world suffer from common disorders like high blood pressure, diabetes, etc. People with chronic illnesses should take their medications on a regular basis to treat their conditions, but in today's hectic society, many people forget to do so. Elderly people frequently forget to take their medications or take the incorrect medication at the wrong time. The project that we selected is entirely for the health of the elderly and those who regularly take medication. Our solution combines a medication dispenser and a reminder to dispense the right medication at the right time. The whole control activity of the smart medicine reminder is regulated by this system's Arduino UNO board. The voice alarm used by the system to remind the patient to take their medication can be adjusted by the patient or their caretakers. The close relatives of the patient, like son, daughter, wife, husband, mother, or father, can be the voice used in this system. To keep the date and time accurate for the system, we use a real-time clock module. Also, we use a 1x5 keypad to set alarms, and an LCD display is used to show the current time and date as well as to set alarms. The dispensing section uses servo motors to provide the medication efficiently. To remind hospital patients to take their medications on time, this approach can also be utilized in hospitals. This Smart medicine dispensers and reminders are highly helpful in a variety of scenarios, including patient homes, hospitals, COVID wards, and quarantine areas. It may also be incorporated into the system in the patient monitoring system.
Genotyping of cows by LHCGR, FSHR loci and determination of the level of ovulation depending on the expression of the studied genes
Authors: Sarybayev Yktiyar , Ussenbekov Yessengali , Turebekov Orynbassar , Bekbolat Bekbolat , Tutkyshbay Ibragim
Published: March 2023

Background:
Genotyping offers a promising avenue for identifying the healthy reproductive system in cows. The healthy reproductive system in cows is determined by measuring the level of ovulation and by identifying the type polymorphism of specific genes.
Aim:
The aim of the article is to explore how polymorphism of Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptor (FSHR) and Luteinizing Hormone/Choriogonadotropin Receptor (LHCGR) genes affect the reproduction trait of Holstein cows.
Methods:
Here we define a reproducible protocol to genotype and identify the polymorphism in specific genes from the extracted DNA of cows.
Results:
The results of genotyping showed that the only C allele (CC genotype) was observed in 100% of cows at the LHCGR locus, and three genotypes were observed at the FSHR locus (CC – 67.74%, CG - 9.03%, GG – 23.22%). In cows with the CC genotype at the FSHR locus, the hormone concentration during ovulation was 1.1 – 2.5 ng/ml, which is within the physiological range for healthy reproduction.
Conclusion:
Cows with the CC genotype at the FSHR locus have a healthy course of the ovulation process, therefore good reproduction.
Eye trauma from a cat scratch with retention of the claw in the anterior chamber in a dog
Authors: Dulaurent Thomas , Steun Laure , Isard Pierre
Published: March 2023

Background:
Cat scratches and ocular foreign bodies are frequent reasons for consultation in veterinary ophthalmology.
Case Description:
We here present an unusual case combining trauma to the cornea and lens by a cat scratch with retention of the claw in the anterior chamber. Management consisted of removal of the claw, reconstruction of the cornea, and mechanized ablation of the lens by phacoemulsification with implantation of an artificial lens.
Conclusion:
The progression during the follow-up period was considered satisfactory, with positive responses to visual tests and intraocular pressure within the norms. Only dyscoria and a tear of the endothelium and Descemet membrane, secondary to the trauma, remained.
An Improved Intelligence Approach to Handling Data Leakage Risks in the Corporate Information Security Process
Authors: T Kiruthiga , A Vaniprabha , M Sutharsan ,   Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Vetri Vinayaga College of Engineering & Technology, Tholurpatti, India,   Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SNS College of Engineering, Coimbatore, India,   Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Muthayammal Engineering College, Rasipuram, India
Published: March 2023

onﬁdentialinformationisofgreatinteresttocompetingﬁrms.Thiscausesaggressionandattacks.Many people underestimate the importance of the threat, and as a result, it can lead to collapse and bankruptcy for the company. Even a single case of malpractice can result in millions in damages and the loss of customer trust. Threats are subject to data on organization structure, status, and operations. Sources of such threats are its competitors, corruptofﬁcials,andcriminals.Theyareintroducedwithcertainvalue-protectedinformationandmodiﬁedinorder to cause ﬁnancial damage. Even 20% of such a decision can result in information leakage. Sometimes the loss of companysecretscanbeduetotheinexperienceofemployeesoralackofsecuritysystems.Inthispaper,animproved intelligence approach to handling data leakage risks in the corporate information security process is proposed. Accounting automatically calculates weighted relative class systems through a complete, complex security of the most important processes and technical and organizational measures. Their combination is an antivirus system, a ﬁrewall, and protection from electromagnetic radiation. Systems protect information on electronic media sent through communication channels, access exemptions for various documents, create backup copies, and recover conﬁdential information after damage.
Influencing factors of competitiveness on business results of enterprises: A case study of E-commerce enterprises in Ho Chi Minh City
Authors: Thong Minh Ho Thien , Hiep Phuoc Minh
Published: March 2023

Competitiveness affecting business results of enterprises is a research topic of great interest, especially among enterprises operating in the field of e-commerce in Ho Chi Minh City (Nha and Lien, 2015). The competitiveness of enterprises is the determining factor in the business results of the organization (Tran Thi Anh Thu, 2012). This paper aims to systematize the theoretical basis as well as identify the factors of the research model of competitiveness in e-commerce enterprises in Ho Chi Minh City. The article mainly uses quantitative research methods with tools such as exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) as well as linear structural model SEM. The results of the paper are an important part of the author's research during his PhD studentship at Saigon International University.
GARANTIA DE ACESSO DOS MEDICAMENTOS DE USO CONTÍNUO PELOS PACIENTES NA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA NO MUNICÍPIO DO INTERIOR DE GOIÁS
Authors: Ferreira Bruno Rogério , De Sousa Letícia Cristina Alves , de Oliveira Netto Idari Francisco , Silva Igor Caldeira , Tassara Kênnia Rodrigues , Wastowski Isabela Jubé
Published: March 2023

Apesar dos avanços ocorridos em relação a atenção básica de saúde, a dificuldade de acesso aos medicamentos continua sendo um entrave para a garantia da integralidade das ações. Com base no contexto da Assistência Farmacêutica do município de estudo e diante da necessidade de facilitar o acesso aos medicamentos aos usuários, pretendeu-se descrever a elaboração do Plano Operativo (PO), onde foram identificados os problemas e posteriormente foram identificados seus descritores, pois assistência farmacêutica não consiste em comprar e distribuir medicamentos. A elaboração do Plano Operativo fez-se necessária pela necessidade de promover a ampliação da resolutividade das ações da Assistência Farmacêutica do município observado, a fim de assegurar a oferta de medicamentos, em qualquer dos níveis de atenção à saúde, mediante critérios de necessidade, quantidade, qualidade, risco/benefício, custo/benefício e acessibilidade do usuário.
Category of Unlawful Acts That Are Not Corruption Crimes for the Sake of Achieving Legal Certainty
Authors: Julian Regi , Widijowati Rr. Dijan
Published: March 2023

Act of corruption, an act that already exists at an alarming level in Indonesia. The element against the law in corruption cases is essential and determines the existence of a criminal act of corruption that must be accounted for, both positional responsibility and personal responsibility. The consequences of personal responsibility are related to criminal responsibility. This research will be carried out to see how the form of unlawful acts does not meet the elements of corruption and how the concept of legal certainty for unlawful acts does not meet the elements of corruption. This research will be carried out using normative juridical research. This research will then be carried out using the Statute Approach and Case Approach. The results of this study then found at least seven types of formulations in criminal acts of corruption in Law No. 31 of 1999 in conjunction with Law No. 20 of 2001. Suppose an act is considered to have violated the law and can be subject to criminal sanctions. In that case, two elements must be fulfilled: the actus reus (physical element) and mens rea (mental element) elements. The element of actus reus is the essence of the crime itself or the act committed, while the element of mens rea is the inner attitude of the perpetrator at the time of committing the act.
KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ VIÊM DA TÃ LÓT DO CANDIDA Ở TRẺ DƯỚI 2 TUỔI BẰNG BÔI MICONAZOL 2%
Authors: Đặng Tú Anh , Trần Cẩm Vân , Nguyễn Hà Phương , Nguyễn Trần Hải Ánh , Nguyễn Hữu Sáu
Published: March 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá hiệu quả điều trị bệnh viêm da tã lót do nấm candida mức độ nhẹ và vừa ở trẻ dưới 2 tuổi bằng bôi Miconazol 2% cream. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Tiến cứu mô tả cắt ngang. Nhóm nghiên cứu là trẻ em dưới 24 tháng tuổi đến khám tại bệnh viện da liễu TW từ 07/2021 đến 07/2022 được chẩn đoán là viêm da tã lót. Kết quả: Nhóm tuổi hay gặp nhất cũng là từ 6 đến 12 tháng tuổi chiếm 40,74% và nhóm tuổi dưới 6 tháng chiếm 29,63%. Tuổi trung bình là 10,1±6,99. Đa số bệnh nhân ở mức độ bệnh trung bình chiếm 56,7%, có 10 bệnh nhân mức độ nhẹ chiếm 33,3% và 3 bệnh nhân mức độ nặng chiếm 10%. Sau điều trị 1 tuần có 3 bệnh nhân khỏi bệnh hoàn toàn chiếm 10% và sau 2 tuần điều trị có 17 bệnh nhân khỏi bệnh hoàn toàn chiếm 56,7%. Sau 2 tuần điều trị, không còn bệnh nhân nào ở mức độ trung bình, các bệnh nhân trung bình đều chuyển về mức độ nhẹ còn 33,3%. Sự cải thiện mức độ bệnh sau điều trị 1 tuần và 2 tuần là khác biệt so với trước điều trị (p < 0,05). Sau 2 tuần điều trị 62,9% bệnh nhân đáp ứng tốt hết hoàn toàn thương tổn, 37,1% bệnh nhân đáp ứng trung bình, không có bệnh nhân nào không đáp ứng sau 2 tuần điều trị.. Kết luận: Sau 1 tuần tỉ lệ khỏi là 10%, sau 2 tuần tỉ lệ khỏi chiếm 56,7%. Tất cả các bệnh nhân đều đáp ứng sau 2 tuần điều trị, trong đó có 56,7% đáp ứng tốt và 33,33% đáp ứng trung bình. Sau 4 tuần thấy có 18,5% bệnh nhân tái phát
NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG BỆNH ZONA TẠI KHOA DỊ ỨNG, MIỄN DỊCH VÀ DA LIỄU – BỆNH VIỆN E
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Kim Tiên , Nguyễn Hữu Quang
Published: March 2023

Mục tiêu: Mô tả một số đặc điểm lâm sàng của bệnh zona giúp chẩn đoán sớm, điều trị và kiểm soát các biến chứng của bệnh. Phương pháp và đổi tượng nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 104 người bệnh zona được điều trị tại khoa Dị ứng, Miễn dịch và Da liễu – Bệnh viện E từ 8/2021 đến 8/2022. Kết quả và kết luận: triệu chứng tiền triệu chủ yếu là nhức, rát và giật tại vị trí tổn thương, tổn thương cơ bản gặp nhiều nhất là mảng viêm đỏ (100%), tiếp theo là mụn nước, bọng nước (93,3%); vị trí gặp nhiều nhất là liên sườn (28,8%), tiếp đó là vùng sinh dục, chi dưới (26,9%); 61,5% tổn thương ở bên phải cơ thể; kiểu đau gặp trong zona là đau nhức (89,4%), đau rát (60,6%), đau giật (70,2%); 41,3% người bệnh có đau nặng, 41,3% người bệnh đau vừa và 17,3% người bệnh đau nhẹ; 76% người bệnh bị mất ngủ, 6,7% có sốt, 34,6% hạch ngoại vi và 4,8% tổn thương thần kinh
ĐẶC ĐIỂM NGUY CƠ NGÃ Ở BỆNH NHÂN LOÃNG XƯƠNG ĐƯỢC ĐIỀU TRỊ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN LÃO KHOA TRUNG ƯƠNG 2022
Authors: Trịnh Ngọc Anh , Vũ Thị Thanh Huyền , Trần Viết Lực , Nguyễn Ngọc Tâm
Published: March 2023

Mục tiêu: đánh giá nguy cơ ngã và mối liên quan tới các đặc điểm loãng xương ở bệnh nhân loãng xương cao tuổi. Đối tượng và phương pháp: nghiên cứu cắt ngang thực hiện trên 141 bệnh nhân ≥ 60 tuổi tại Bệnh viện Lão khoa Trung Ương từ tháng 8 đến tháng 10 năm 2022. Bệnh nhân được khám và phỏng vấn theo mẫu bệnh án thống nhất. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình và độ lệch chuẩn của nhóm bệnh nhân là 73,12 (8,62) với các bệnh nhân nữ chiếm đa số (94,3%). Dựa trên bảng câu hỏi FRI-21, hơn một nửa số bệnh nhân (50,4%) có nguy cơ ngã cao và 49,6% có nguy cơ ngã thấp. Có 57 bệnh nhân (40,4%) đã từng bị ngã. 35 bệnh nhân (24,8%) ngã trong 12 tháng qua và 10 bệnh nhân (7,1%) có hai hoặc nhiều lần ngã trong 12 tháng qua. Phòng ngủ là địa điểm ghi nhận nhiều nhất cho các đợt ngã với tỷ lệ 36,4%. Tiếp đó là nhà vệ sinh với tỷ lệ 25%. Hành lang và bên ngoài đường có tỷ lệ lần lượt là 18,2% và 15,9%. Nguyên nhân chính gây ngã trong số các đối tượng nghiên cứu là mất thăng bằng (56,8%), tiếp theo là trượt (38,6%) và chỉ có 2 trường hợp ngã do chóng mặt khi thay đổi tư thế chiếm 4,5%. Loại chấn thương hay gặp sau ngã trong nghiên cứu là chấn thương mô mềm (56,7%). Có 8 trường hợp gãy xương (13,3%) và 3 phải nhập viện điều trị (5.0%). Kết luận: Nguy cơ ngã ở bệnh nhân loãng xương cao tuổi cao do đó nên thực hiện đánh giá nguy cơ ngã thường quy ở  nhóm đối tượng này để dự phòng ngã và giảm hậu quả sau ngã nhằm cải thiện chất lượng cuộc sống của bệnh nhân.
Road Accidents in India: Looking Through the Behavioral Lens
Authors: Goutam Neeti
Published: March 2023

While connecting people and their lives, roads also have a cost on them. It is clear that one of the major causes of death worldwide is traffic-related fatalities. In 2016, 1.35 million persons worldwide lost their lives in traffic accidents, 90% of which occurred in poorer nations (World Health Organization, 2018). One of the top causes of death for children between the ages of 5 and 29 is traffic-related injuries. More people lose their lives as a result of automobile accidents than from diarrheal illnesses or tuberculosis. The government has made a lot of efforts and implemented many mitigation techniques both locally and globally, but infrastructure, enforcement, and behavioural understanding of road safety are still lacking. The 50% reduction in the number of traffic accidents outlined in Sustainable Development Goal 3.6 is far from adequate. So, this study aims to provide an overview of road accidents at the global and national levels as well as behavioural attributions and changes in people's behaviour for road safety. Key words: Road accidents; behavioural intervention; road safety; traffic accidents; SDG2030
Rancang Bangun dan Uji Kinerja Mesin Pemotong Kulit Manis
Authors: Batubara Fanny Yuliana , Zulnadi Zulnadi , Irzal Irzal , Djinis Musdar Effy , Yudistira Yudistira
Published: March 2023

Kayu manis merupakan salah satu komoditi tanaman asli Indonesia yang sebagian besar di tanam di wilayah Sumatera Barat yang memberikan sumbangan pendapatan yang cukup potensial. Proses pengolahan pasca panen kulit kayu manis yaitu dengan cara pemotongan. Adalpun hasil dari pemotongan kulit kayu manis ini berupa kulit manis yang dipasaran dikenal dengan nama stik kulit manis. Pada usaha skala besar, pemotongan kulit kayu manis akan kurang efisien jika hanya menggunakan gergaji manual. Oleh sebab itu, penulis membuat rancang bangun mesin pemotong kulit kayu manis. Adapun Metode penelitian ini, dimulai dari mengidentifikasi masalah dan menyempurnakan ide rancangan mesin pemotong kulit mayu manis. Setelah itu dilakukan pembuatan komponen mesin, melakukan  uji fungsional dan uji kinerja, Serta menganalisa ekonomi teknik dari mesin tersebut. Hasil uji kinerja mesin pemotong kulit kayu manis diperoleh kapasitas mesin 15,14 kg/jam, biaya tetap Rp.1.819.118/tahun, biaya tidak tetap Rp15.415,86/jam, biaya pokok pengorerasian mesin Rp.1.068,28/kg, dan Break Event Point 610,07 kg/tahun.
IDENTIFIKASI BAHAN KIMIA OBAT NATRIUM DIKLOFENAK PADA JAMU PEGAL LINU YANG DIJUAL DI KECAMATAN GARAWANGI
Authors: Muhrodi Odi , Maesaroh Imas
Published: March 2023

Obat tradisional adalah bahan atau ramuan bahan yang berupa tumbuhan, hewan, mineral, sediaan sarian (galenik), atau campuran dari bahan tersebut yang secara turun temurun telah digunakan untuk pengobatan, dan dapat diterapkan sesuai norma yang berlaku di masyarakat. Jamu pegal linu dikonsumsi untuk mengurangi rasa nyeri, menghilangkan pegal linu, memperlancar peredaran darah, memperkuat daya tahan tubuh, dan menghilangkan sakit seluruh badan. Salah satu bahan kimia obat yang sering ditambahkan kedalam jamu pegal linu adalah natrium diklofenak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan bahan kimia obat natrium diklofenak pada sediaan jamu pegal linu. Jamu pegal linu yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu tiga macam merk jamu pegal linu diberi label A, B, dan C yang dijual Kecamatan Garawangi, dengan metode pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Analisis kualitatif bahan kimia obat natrium diklofenak dilakukan dengan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT), menggunakan fase diam silika gel dan fase gerak toluene : etil asetat : asam asetat glasial (60:40:1). Hasil analisis menunjukkan sampel A positif mengandung natrium diklofenak karena diperoleh harga yang mendekati Rf baku pembanding. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini bahwa sampel A mengandung natrium diklofenak dan tidak memenuhi persyaratan menurut Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI No. 007 Tahun 2012 tentang Registrasi Obat Tradisional.
The Influence of Organizational Culture and Work Ability on Employee Performance in CV. Laju Bersama Furniture Tanjung Morawa
Authors: Hadi Panjaitan  , Jopinus Saragih  , Demak Manik
Published: March 2023

This study aims to determine whether organizational culture and work ability both partially and simultaneously have a significant effect on employee performance at CV. Laju Bersama Furniture and how much influence it has. The method used in this study is a quantitative method with several tests, namely reliability analysis , classical assumption deviation test and linear regression . Based on the regression results of the primary data processed using SPSS 20, the multiple linear regression equation is obtained as follows: Y = 16.243 + 0.171 X 1 + 0.420 X 2. Partially, organizational culture variable (X 1 ) has a significant effect on employee performance (Y) at CV. Maju Bersama Furniture. This means that the hypothesis in this study is accepted, as evidenced by the t count > t table (2.498 > 1.978). While the work ability variable (X 2 ) has a significant influence on employee performance (Y) at CV. Laju Bersama Furniture. This means that the hypothesis in this study is accepted, as evidenced by the t count > t table (5.381 > 1.978). Simultaneously, organizational culture variables (X 1 ) and work ability (X 2 ) have a significant influence on employee performance (Y) at CV. Laju Bersama Furniture. This means that the hypothesis in this study is accepted, as evidenced by the calculated F value > F table (18.753 > 3.06). Organizational culture variables (X 1 ) and work ability (X 2 ) are able to contribute to the influence of employee performance variables (Y) by 22.1% while the remaining 77.9% are influenced by other variables not examined in this study. From the conclusions above, the authors suggest that employees and leaders should further improve the organizational culture within the internal company so that it becomes a corporate culture and characteristic.
تأثير الإفصاح المحاسبي عن التنمية المستدامة على جودة التقارير المالية للوحدات الاقتصادية العراقية- دراسة تطبيقية في عينة من المصارف المدرجة في سوق العراق للأوراق المالية
Authors: الصراف سارة , الطائي بشرى
Published: March 2023

يهدف البحث إلى بيان تأثير الإفصاح المحاسبي عن التنمية المستدامة على جودة التقارير المالية، والمتمثل بـ (الإفصاح المحاسبي عن التنمية الاقتصادية، الإفصاح المحاسبي عن التنمية البيئية، الإفصاح المحاسبي عن التنمية الاجتماعية) في عينة من المصارف المدرجة في سوق العراق للأوراق المالية.

وقد تم قياس أبعاد الإفصاح المحاسبي عن التنمية المستدامة من خلال استخدام استمارة الاستقصاء التي تعد احد مصادر الحصول على البيانات والمعلومات ذات الصلة بالإفصاح المحاسبي عن التنمية المستدامة، فضلا عن التقارير المالية للمصارف للمدة 2016-2018، وقد اعتمد الباحثان في إعداد الاستمارة بصورة أساسية على المؤشرات التي أصدرتها (GRI)، ولا سيما المؤشر (G4)، ووزعت الاستمارات البالغ عددها (70) استمارة على مجموعة من الموظفين في المصارف عينة البحث، في حين تم قياس جودة التقارير المالية من خلال جودة الأرباح المحاسبية كمتغير بديل لجودة التقارير المالية، وقد اعتمدت الباحثتين على جودة الاستحقاقات التي تم قياسها من خلال نموذج (Jones 1991) المعدل في تحديد الأرباح المحاسبية، وتم بيان اثر المتغيرات من خلال استخدام النماذج الإحصائية ونموذج الانحدار الخطي البسيط والمتعدد.

وبعد اختبار فرضيات البحث تم التوصل إلى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات، تمثلت أهمها إن الإفصاح المحاسبي عن المخاطر الجوهرية سواء اقتصادية، بيئية والاجتماعية والمتوقعة والتي يمكن أن تتعرض لها المصارف في تقاريرها المالية مما يؤدي إلى اتخاذ قرارات رشيدة ، وقدم البحث عدداً من التوصيات، أهمها وضع معايير محاسبية ملائمة للإفصاح المحاسبي عبر الأنترنيت نظراً لان المعلومات التي تحتويها التقارير المالية عبر الأنترنيت لا تلبي احتياجات أصحاب المصالح ولا تفي بمعايير الجودة المطلوبة.
Template Synthesis of Ni(II) and Zn(II) Complexes Derived from N2O2 Donor Symmetrical Tetradentate Ligands System: Comparative Antioxidant, Xanthine inhibitory, and Computational Studies
Authors: Waziri Ibrahim
Published: March 2023

Four mononuclear symmetric coordination compounds of Ni(II) and Zn(II) (C1–C4), obtained from N2O2 donor Schiff base ligand systems were synthesized in-situ and characterized with a variety of analytical and spectroscopic techniques such as elemental CHN-analysis, 1H-NMR, 13C{H}NMR, UV-Visible, Infrared, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron, and high-resolution mass spectroscopies. These analyses revealed that the ligands chelate the metal ions through the oxygen and nitrogen (N2O2) atoms of the phenolate and azomethine functional groups, resulting in distorted and perfect square planar geometry around Zn(II) and Ni(II) ions, respectively. The 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and xanthine oxidase activity of the complexes were investigated using in vitro assay techniques. The studies revealed that the complexes possess moderate radical scavenging activity with no or very weak xanthine oxidase activity, in which the controls show better activity than the complexes in both assays. However, C3 and C1 demonstrated some level of activity at higher concentrations but not commensurate with the controls. The DFT calculation of the complexes using the M06- 2X/B3LYP-311G9d.p) level of the theory presented electronic properties that supported the experimental findings on the complexes
Some Haemo-biochemical Changes Induced by Gastrointestinal Parasites of Cultured and Wild African Catfish in Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria
Authors: J Dauda
Published: March 2023

The present study investigated the occurrence of gastrointestinal (GIT) parasites and their relationship with some haemato-biochemical parameters in wild and cultured catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in Zaria and its Environs, Nigeria. A total of two hundred and forty (240) African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) were sampled from cultured ponds and some water bodies around Zaria. About 2 ml of blood was collected from the caudal vein of each catfish and dispensed into EDTA and plain sample bottles for haematological and serum biochemical analysis, respectively. After blood sample collection, the catfish were dissected longitudinally to examine for parasites (GIT) grossly and using Simple flotation technique for parasite eggs and oocysts of Helminthes and protozoans. Modified Ziehl Neelson staining technique was further performed on oocysts suspected to be Cryptosporidium. Percentage distributions of the various parasites include: Crytosporidium oocysts, Eimeria oocysts and nematodes were 86.2%, 48.4% and 40% in the wild; as against 13.8%, 51.6% and 60% in cultured Clarias gariepinus, respectively. The PCV, RBC, and Hb were significantly lower (p <0.05) in the infected (28.0 ± 0.331%, 3.4 ± 0.592 x 1012/L, 8.3 ± 0.174 g/dl) compare with the uninfected Clarias gariepinus (33.3 ± 0.229%, 3.9 ± 0.050 x 1012/L, 10.5 ± 0.110 g/dl), respectively. However, the WBC was significantly higher (p = 0.041) in the infected (4.5 ± 0.047 x 109 /L) when compared to the uninfected (3.9 ± 0.017 x 109 /L) Clarias gariepinus species. Also, there were statistically significant increases (p><0.05) in the mean values of AST, ALT, and ALP in the infected (82.2 ± 1.037 U/L, 95.8 ± 1.209 U/L, 68.8 ± 1.180 U/L) when compared with the uninfected (60.7 ± 0.741 U/L, 68.9 ± 0.844 U/L, 47.1 ± 0.759 U/L) Clarias gariepinus, respectively. The results of present study overserved that helminth parasites induce haematobiochemical changes.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ СУТНОСТІ МОТИВАЦІЇ БАНКІВСЬКОГО КРЕДИТУВАННЯ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ТОВАРОВИРОБНИКІВ ТА ОБҐРУНТУВАННЯ ЗМІСТУ ЇЇ МЕХАНІЗМУ
Authors: Боярко Ірина , Сидорова Олена
Published: March 2023

У статті завдяки використанню широкого спектра наукових методів висвітлені концептуальні підходи до розуміння сутності мотивації банківського кредитування сільськогосподарських товаровиробників через призму уточнення поняття «мотивація». Узагальнено наукові підходи вітчизняних і зарубіжних дослідників до розуміння змісту мотивації, що дало змогу виокремити наукові течії за однорідними групами ознак. Уточнення змісту поняття «механізм мотивації банківського кредитування сільськогосподарських товаровиробників» сприяло формуванню організаційно-функціональної сукупності його елементів і розкриттю взаємозв’язків між ними.У роботі визначено, що механізм мотивації банківського кредитування сільськогосподарських товаровиробників є складною сукупністю елементів, а саме: а) чинників економічної діяльності банків; б) упорядкованої множини різновидів мотиваторів, до якої входять зовнішні (макроекономічні) чинники (державні, ринкові, суспільні), внутрішні мотиватори банку (мікроекономічні чинники) та самомотивація (наноекономічні чинники), а також ієрархічні взаємозв’язки між ними.У статті розглянуто еволюцію використання різних форм мотиваційних інструментів для підтримки сільськогосподарських товаровиробників, виявлено специфіку їх кредитування та механізм забезпечення кредитів сільськогосподарських товаровиробників.На основі проведеного узагальнення наукових напрацювань уточнено перелік функцій і принципів мотивації банківського кредитування сільськогосподарських товаровиробників, а також виокремлено відповідні функції та принципи механізму такої мотивації.Узагальнення наукових підходів до тлумачення механізму мотивації банківського кредитування сільськогосподарських товаровиробників дозволило виокремити умови його побудови, а також конкретизувати екзогенні та ендогенні фактори, які впливають на зміну мотиваторів банку.Розгляд світового досвіду мотивації банківського кредитування сільськогосподарських товаровиробників дозволив виокремити основні інструменти, що сприяють її активізації.
El Marx de Žižek y el marxismo žižekiano
Authors: Pavón-Cuéllar David
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo se ocupa de la orientación marxista del filósofo esloveno Slavoj Žižek. Se intenta elucidar su lectura de Marx, su relación con él y su particular versión del marxismo. Primero se indaga cómo Žižek adopta ciertas concepciones marxianas de la universalidad, la retroactividad, la contingencia, el materialismo, la libertad y la economía. Luego se examina la forma en que, por un lado, Žižek aplica ciertas ideas de Marx a la explicación del mundo actual y, por otro lado, reinterpreta el pensamiento marxiano desde una perspectiva lacaniana u original, propiamente žižekiana. Por último, después de haberse detectado algunos puntos en los que Žižek adhiere a Marx, se abordan críticamente otros puntos en los que discrepa de él.
Žižek and the Kantian gesture: Parallax and beyond
Authors: Harman Graham
Published: March 2023

Early in his 1993 book Tarrying with the Negative, Slavoj Žižek asks contemporary philosophy to “repeat the Kantian gesture.” The implication is that (much like Plato did with the Sophists) Kant accepted the critique of metaphysics made by David Hume, affirming it in an unexpected positive sense. The analogous gesture for a would-be Kant in our time would be to accept deconstruction’s insistence on the contingency of meaning while treating contingency not as a failing, but as the very stuff of truth itself. For Žižek this is precisely what Jacques Lacan has already done, and this makes Lacan the pivotal thinker of our era. Yet as we follow Žižek’s pursuit of this theme in his recent article “The Parallax of Ontology” (an extract from his book Sex and the Failed Absolute), we catch sight of a new direction in Žižek’s thinking. His previous model of parallax in terms of two separate and irreconcilable realities seems to shift toward a new emphasis on the differential becoming of the two, rather than their paradoxical co-existence.
Butler, Judith (2022). ¿Quina mena de món és aquest?: Fenomenologia i pandèmia
Authors: Morellà Violeta Clara
Published: March 2023

Butler, Judith (2022)¿Quina mena de món és aquest?: Fenomenologia i pandèmia Barcelona: Arcàdia, 136 p.ISBN 978-84-124717-2-4
Concebir el presente
Authors: Lo Cascio Paola
Published: March 2023

En este artículo se lleva a cabo una reflexión en torno a la transmisión del conocimiento del pasado más reciente de España en el marco de la enseñanza universitaria de grado. Arrancando desde unas primeras consideraciones en merito a la consolidación de las investigaciones de historia del tiempo presente y a la dificultad de plasmar sus resultados en propuestas docentes, se esbozan las características principales de una posible asignatura que trate los contenidos vinculados a la experiencia política, social, económica y cultural de España desde 1978 y hasta nuestros días. Una primera parte del articulo está dedicada a los contenidos y la estructura de la asignatura (que incluye una reflexión en torno a la periodización y a los relatos públicos sobre la etapa considerada), mientras que una segunda parte examina los recursos y avanza propuestas de dinámicas docentes. Una última parte se dedica, finalmente, a una reflexión en torno a las competencias vinculadas a una asignatura de este tipo y a los posibles mecanismos de evaluación de los contenidos. También se proporciona unos recursos bibliográficos (en su gran parte de acceso abierto) considerados útiles para tratar los contenidos de la asignatura.
Historia de España y Cataluña, 1979-2019
Authors: De Redacció Equip
Published: March 2023

En este número proponemos, como documento, un programa hipotético como base para la elaboración de una asignatura ideal que agrupara la historia de España y Cataluña entre 1979 y 2019. Desde Redacción hemos tomado como referencia los libros de Pilar Toboso Sánchez, Historia de España actual. Desde la Segunda República hasta nuestros días (Síntesis, 2019); y el de Juan Jesús González Rodríguez (ed.), Cambio social en la España del siglo XXI (Alianza Editorial, 2020). Ambos son obras de referencia que agrupan contenido y resultan ideales para una primera aproximación a un programa tan vasto. El programa centrado en la Historia de le Economía en la España actual es una iniciativa del profesor Guillermo García Crespo (UC3, UdG).

La política exterior española se ha integrado en los diversos puntos del programa sin darle un especial realce.

Para un enfoque ya elaborado de todo el periodo se recomienda la obra de Michael Reid, Spain. The trials and Triumphs of a Modern European Country, (Yale University Press, 2023) que se reseña en este mismo número de Tiempo devorado.
PERAMALAN PRODUKSI PADI KABUPATEN TUBAN
Authors: Muntiani Muntiani , Oktafianto Kresna
Published: March 2023

Tuban yang salah satu daerah agraris tentunya memiliki potensi dalam sektor pertanian yaitu tanaman pangan khususnya produksi padi. Namun, yang terjadi produksi padi tidak dapat mengimbangi laju pertumbuhan penduduk yang terus meningkat. Sehingga, perlu adalanya peramalan produksi produksi padi di Kab. Tuban untuk mengantisipasi adanya penduduk yang kekurangan produksi padi. Metode permalan yang digunakan disini adalah Moving Average, Weight Moving Average dan Exponential Smoothing dan didapatkan hasil peramalan pada tahun 2021 adalah 6.716,058 ton.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT BELI KONSUMEN DALAM PEMBELIAN KERAMIK DI TOKO DIAN KERAMIK DENGAN METODE ANALISIS FAKTOR
Authors: Siti Nurazizah  , Tabah Heri Setiawan  , Yulianti Rusdiana
Published: March 2023

Minat beli merupakan konsumen membuat pilihan untuk melakukan suatu pembelian barang atau jasa diantara beberapa harga dan merek dalam beberapa pilihan yang didasari oleh bermacam-macam pertimbangan. Dengan semakin banyak kebutuhan bahan bangunan, dampaknya dunia bisnis berlomba-lomba mendirikan toko ritel bahan bangunan sebagai pesaing untuk toko Dian keramik dimana pesaing bisnis mempromosikan berbagai keunggulan. Dengan kondisi tersebut toko Dian keramik harus menerapkan strategi agar konsumen selalu menggunakan produk (jasa) yang dimiliki dengan tujuan utama adalah menarik minat konsumen untuk membeli produk yang dijual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berapa faktor yang terbentuk dari proses reduksi dengan menggunakan metode analisis faktor dan faktor apakah yang paling dominan dalam mempengaruhi minat beli konsumen. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan analisis faktor, ngambilan data ini didapatkan dengan cara menyebar kuesioner kepada 303 responden. Maka dapat dihasilkan bahwa banyaknya faktor yang terbentuk dari proses reduksi yaitu, faktor satu  dengan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,798 nilai eigen sebesar 4.606 dan varians sebesar 57,574%, faktor 2 (  dengan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,798 dengan nilai eigen sebesar 1.092 dan varians sebesar 13,635%, dan faktor yang paling dominan dalam mempengaruhi minat beli konsumen Toko Dian Keramik, yaitu faktor 1 (  dengan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,798 dengan nilai eigen sebesar 4.606 dan varians sebesar 57,574%  terdiri dari: merek ( , kualitas produk ( , pelayanan ( , lokasi ( .
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI INDEKS PRESTASI MAHASISWA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE ANALISIS DISKRIMINAN
Authors: Fitriani Indah , Aden Aden
Published: March 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Indeks Prestasi Mahasiswa di Program Studi Matematika Universitas Pamulang. Metode yang digunakan dalam menganalisis data adalah Analisis Diskriminan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Indeks Prestasi Mahasiswa Jurusan Matematika Unpam yaitu variabel Lingkungan keluarga. Dimana ada perbedaan substansial antara mahasiswa yang memiliki Indeks Prestasi dengan kategori Kurang dan Baik.  Hal ini dibuktikan oleh Wilk’s Lambda Sig. 0,015<0,05, yang berarti bahwa kedua kategori Indeks Prestasi tersebut memiliki rata-rata yang berbeda berdasarkan faktor lingkungan keluarga  . Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data dalam penelitian ini, terbentuklah model fungsi diskriminan yaitu . Pada penelitian ini tingkat akurasi diperoleh melalui pengujian validasi sebesar 80% , hal ini berarti bahwa fungsi diskriminan yang terbentuk dianggap tepat untuk menggolongkan Indeks Prestasi Mahasiswa berdasarkan faktor lingkungan keluarga kedalam kategori Indeks Prestasi yang kurang dan baik karena memiliki angka ketepatan lebih dari 50%.