bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of neoadjuvant therapy for resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Liu Shangtong , Li Hui , Xue Yuhui , Yang Liang
Published: September 2023

Objective

To investigate the prognostic value of preoperative neoadjuvant therapy (NT) compared to upfront surgery (US) in patients with resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Web of Science were searched to collect randomized controlled trials on preoperative neoadjuvant therapy versus upfront surgery for resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer before April 7, 2023, and data were extracted after screening according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and HRs were obtained indirectly using enguage software; Stata 12.0 software was used for data analysis.

Results

A total of 8 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in this study, comprising a total of 1058 cases, including 503 cases in the NT group and 555 cases in the US group. Using an intention-to-treat population (ITT) analysis, the results showed that neoadjuvant treatment improved the R0 resection rate (RR 2.71, 95% CI 1.59–4.62; P = 0.000; I2 = 46.20%) and overall survival (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.54–0.82; P = 0.000; I2 = 0.00%). In the subgroup of patients with resectable pancreatic cancer, the R0 resection rate in the NT group versus the US group (RR 1.14, 95% CI 0.93–1.39; P = 0.196; I2 = 0.00%) and overall survival (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.64–1.24; P = 0.489; I2 = 0.00%) were not statistically significant.

Conclusions

Preoperative neoadjuvant treatment is of prognostic value in patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer, as it increases the R0 resection rate and improves overall survival compared to upfront surgery.
Tratamiento quirúrgico de la Apnea obstructiva del sueño: adenoamigdalectomía en el adulto
Authors: Martínez-Ruiz de Apodaca Paula , Carrasco-Llatas Marina , Baptista-Jardin Peter Michael , Plaza-Mayor Guillermo , Marco-Garrido Alfonso , O’Connor-Reina Carlos
Published: September 2023

Introducción y objetivo: La apnea obstructiva del sueño (AOS) es una enfermedad de etiología multifactorial que conduce al colapso de la vía aérea superior. La hipertrofia de los tejidos linfoides contribuye a la colapsabilidad de la vía aérea. Revisión conceptual de la adenoamigdalectomía en el paciente adulto con AOS. Síntesis: En presencia de hipertrofia amigdalar grado ≥3, la amigdalectomía es el tratamiento de primera línea. Las distintas técnicas disponibles de adenoamigdalectomía son adecuadas para el tratamiento del paciente con AOS. Se deben respetar los músculos palatogloso y palatofaríngeo. Además de la curación y del éxito quirúrgico, la amigdalectomía ofrece beneficios como la disminución de presión necesaria aplicada al CPAP y consiguientemente un aumento de su tolerancia. Conclusiones: La exéresis de los tejidos linfoides hipertróficos en el paciente adulto con AOS resulta imprescindible. Esta cirugía elimina elementos obstructivos de la vía aérea superior favoreciendo su permeabilidad y estabilidad.
Estudio retrospectivo de la incidencia de los abscesos periamigdalinos y parafaríngeos en el periodo 2000-2021
Authors: Losada-Campa Juan , Benito-Orejas José Ignacio , San Millán-González María , González-Sosto Mariana , Muñoz-Moreno Maria Fe , Santos-Pérez Jaime
Published: September 2023

Introducción y objetivo: Las infecciones faringo-amigdalares y sus complicaciones son muy frecuentes y con características epidemiológicas variables, de unos países a otros. El objetivo de este trabajo ha consistido en determinar la incidencia, edad, género y estacionalidad, de los pacientes ingresados con amigdalitis (A), absceso periamigdalino (AP) y parafaríngeo (APF), en un hospital de tercer nivel, en Valladolid (España). Método: Estudio retrospectivo de 1339 pacientes ingresados en HCUV entre los años 2000 y 2021 por infecciones faringocervicales (A, AP y APF). Resultados: La media de edad de los pacientes ingresados con A es de 27,8 años, con AP de 35,5 y con APF de 47 años, siendo esta diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p<0,001). La amigdalitis predomina en mujeres (ratio: 1,26), y en hombres el AP (ratio: 1,44) y el APF (ratio: 2,4). No hemos encontrado relación significativa de estos procesos ni con los meses del año ni con las estaciones climáticas. Discusión: Las diferencias de género, edad media y estacionalidad entre la A y el AP generan controversia para poder entender el origen del AP y la posible influencia de los factores de riesgo. Hay pocos estudios epidemiológicos publicados sobre el APF, cuya incidencia parece que está aumentando, por causas desconocidas. Conclusiones: La A destaca en la infancia, el AP en adultos jóvenes y el APF en más mayores. Salvo la A y el AP en adolescentes, que predominan en mujeres, el resto de los abscesos faringocervicales son más frecuentes en hombres. En la población estudiada el clima no parece un factor etiopatogénico importante.
Before the Anti-Homosexuality Bill
Authors: Barker Caitlin , Carty Ryan , Dillahunt-Holloway Ajamu Amiri , Lazar Mircea , Ntombela Nomzamo Portia
Published: September 2023

Existing scholarship on the causes of homophobia in contemporary Nigeria and on the relationship between religion and homophobia in Africa tend to dismiss LGBT activism in Nigeria as a movement so small as to be almost nonexistent. We argue, however, that LGBT activism in Nigeria does exist, and that it has a history. And although religion has often been harnessed to serve homophobic policies, LGBT activists have also worked together with religious organizations to offer support to LGBT communities. Drawing on sources from Nigeria and the United States, this article traces the rough outlines of LGBT activism in Nigeria from the 1970s to the present. We explore Nigerian LGBT activists’ experiences over five decades in order to elucidate LGBT organizing in a West African context, paying special attention to the themes of invisibility and visibility, transnational organizing, and religion. The picture that emerges is one of interwoven activist networks that connect Nigerian activists not only to the West but also to activists in other African countries, including Ghana and South Africa. We see this article as a small contribution to the much larger project of writing the history of LGBT activism in Nigeria, a project that can and should be led by those better positioned to access and analyze the documents and memories necessary for this task.
Madrasah Readiness in Providing Disabled Friendly Services:
Authors: Dani Fatimatuz Zahro Diah Putri , Khoiriyani Fauziah , Ansyah Rahmat Husein Andri
Published: September 2023

This study aims to investigate how far the readiness of Madrasahs in providing disability-friendly services, what are the obstacles, and how is the government’s disabled-friendly services in madrasahs. This is qualitative research with the case study of 4 madrasahs in Central Java and DI Yogyakarta. Data were collected through observation and in-depth interviews and analyzed using a thematic analysis technique. This research finds several important findings. Firstly, the commitment to disabled-friendly services is already there, however, the quality needs serious improvements such as the lack of standard and user-testing of the facilities so that it can provide appropriate services as intended. Secondly, the biggest obstacle to providing disabled-friendly services is the mindset of institutions. Therefore, a change in the mindset of the institution is needed to provide disable-friendly services aimed at improving long-term and fair services.
The Moderating Role of Decisiveness in the Attraction Effect
Authors: Barokas Guy , Gamliel Eyal
Published: September 2023

This study examines decisiveness as a potential moderator of the attraction effect. In an online experiment, we find that even though decisiveness moderates the attraction effect, it also moderates the preference reversal in the absence of a decoy. This suggests that the moderating role of decisiveness in the attraction effect lies, at least partially, in moderating choice reversals unrelated to the decoy. In addition, our findings show that about one-third of the most decisive participants exhibit an attraction effect. These findings are inconsistent with a conceptualization of a moderate attraction effect, arguing that only indecisive agents exhibit the effect. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our findings.
Improving regional medical laboratory center report quality through a report recall management system
Authors: Zhang Chuang , Ji Xiang , Wei Jiehong , Dou Xiaowen , Chen Dayang , Zhang Xiuming
Published: September 2023

Objectives

Currently, most medical laboratories do not have a dedicated software for managing report recalls, and relying on traditional manual methods or laboratory information system (LIS) to record recall data is no longer sufficient to meet the quality management requirements in the large regional laboratory center. The purpose of this article was to describe the research process and preliminary evaluation results of integrating the Medical Laboratory Electronic Record System (electronic record system) laboratory report recall function into the iLab intelligent management system for quality indicators (iLab system), and to introduce the workflow and methods of laboratory report recall management in our laboratory.

Methods

This study employed cluster analysis to extract commonly used recall reasons from laboratory report recall records in the electronic record system. The identified recall reasons were validated for their applicability through a survey questionnaire and then incorporated into the LIS for selecting recall reasons during report recall. The statistical functionality of the iLab system was utilized to investigate the proportion of reports using the selected recall reasons among the total number of reports, and to perform visual analysis of the recall data. Additionally, we employed P-Chart to establish quality targets and developed a “continuous improvement process” electronic flow form.

Results

The reasons for the recall of laboratory reports recorded in the electronic recording system were analyzed. After considering the opinions of medical laboratory personnel, a total of 12 recall reasons were identified, covering 73.05 % (1854/2538) of the recalled laboratory reports. After removing data of mass spectra lab with significant anomalies, the coverage rate increased to 82.66 % (1849/2237). The iLab system can generate six types of statistical graphs based on user needs, including statistical time, specialty labs (or divisions), test items, reviewers, reasons for report recalls, and distribution of the recall frequency of 0–24 h reports. The control upper limit of the recall rate of P-Chart based on laboratory reports can provide quality targets suitable for each professional group at the current stage. Setting the five stages of continuous process improvement reasonably and rigorously can effectively achieve the goal of quality enhancement.

Conclusions

The enhanced iLab system enhances the intelligence and sustainable improvement capability of the recall management of laboratory reports, thus improving the efficiency of the recall management process and reducing the workload of laboratory personnel.
Design of the Wilkinson power divider with multi harmonic suppression
Authors: Wang Chuan-Min , Du Junbao , Li Lin , Cao Rui-Feng , Pang Chao , Cui Yu-Xin
Published: September 2023

A Wilkinson power divider (PD), which can suppress the second, third, and fourth harmonics is proposed. The PD is implemented based on an asymmetric meta-structure. The meta-structure is constructed be combing defect ground structure (DGS) and spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP). It can not only realize the impedance conversion function in the operating frequency band, but also realize the suppression of the second, third, and fourth harmonics. The simulation and measurement results show that this structure can achieve −32 dB suppression for the second harmonic, −31 dB suppression for the third harmonic, and −28 dB suppression for the fourth harmonic respectively.
Vulnerability analysis of Haitian adolescent girls before pregnancy: a qualitative study
Authors: Philibert Léonel , Ngangue Patrice , Lapierre Judith , Bernardino Elizabeth , Kiki Gbètogo Maxime , Ntanda Gisèle Mandiangu
Published: September 2023

Objectives

This article aims to analyze the vulnerabilities experienced by Haitian adolescent girls before their pregnancy.

Methods

A qualitative research design was developed from Dewey’s social survey. From October 2020 to January 2021, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 33 pregnant adolescents living in Haiti’s North and North-East departments. Thematic data analysis was performed using the qualitative data analysis software QDA miner, 6.0.5.

Results

The adolescent girls interviewed were between 14 and 19. The study showed that adolescent girls experienced economic and social hardship, gender issues, and barriers to contraceptive use before pregnancy. These girls have experienced restrictive conditions that make them vulnerable to risky sexual practices and unwanted pregnancy.

Conclusions

The results have indicated that Haitian adolescent girls’ vulnerabilities before their pregnancy result from economic, social, and cultural injustices to which they are exposed from early childhood. These adolescent girls are also highly vulnerable to sexual exploitation and rape, as well as pregnancy. It is essential to address these issues when implementing programs aimed at improving the living conditions of adolescents in Haiti, including the prevention of early and unwanted pregnancy.
Theme in spoken language: when a tone group is not a clause
Authors: O’Grady Gerard
Published: September 2023

While there is a clear tendency for a Theme not to occur within its own tone group, it is equally clear that clauses are frequently formed out of more than a single tone group. Hence it is precipitous to assume an a priori relationship between clause and tone group/information unit. Speakers in pursuit of their individual communicative choices manage their interactional and informational needs by producing prosodic and thematic choices appropriate to their goals. Such choices as we have seen are frequently mutually re-enforcing, but speakers may employ prosodic choices which foreground their interactional needs. Specifically, this entails that there is no direct relationship between lexico-grammatical and prosodic meanings; both redound with semantic meanings. Yet, these meanings may be constrained by the interactional demands of the communicative situation in which a speaker operates. In this paper, I examine the spoken realisation of Interpersonal Theme and find that Interpersonal Themes realized by Mood adjuncts and metaphors of modality tended to be realized with different key. Similarly, the expectation that marked Theme was likely to attract high key was found to be subject to the speaker’s need to manage the interaction.
Bilirubin is a superior biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and for differential diagnosis of benign liver disease
Authors: Lei Yan , Lu Xiaolan , Duan Xiuping , Tang Wei , Wang Qiang
Published: September 2023

Objectives

To develop a novel diagnostic model combining bilirubin, protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II), and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) to improve hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis.

Methods

The serum levels of PIVKA-Ⅱ, AFP, and bilirubin in 718 HCC patients and 2,763 benign liver disease (BLD) patients were measured. A mathematical model was used as the combined diagnostic model (PIVKA-Ⅱ, AFP, and bilirubin: PAB combination) for improving HCC diagnosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyse the diagnostic value of the individual markers, the PIVKA-II and AFP (PA) combination, and the PAB combination for HCC diagnosis.

Results

With the increase in bilirubin, the positive predictive value (PPV) of bilirubin in HCC diagnosis decreased (p<0.001) while the negative predictive value (NPV) increased (p<0.001). The areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) of the PAB combination were 0.935 and 0.862 for the diagnosis of HCC and HCC<3.0 cm, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of PIVKA-Ⅱ, AFP, and the PA combination (p<0.001). The AUC values for PIVKA-Ⅱ, AFP, and the PA combination were significantly decreased for the diagnosis of HCC and HCC<3.0 cm when serum levels of PIVKA-Ⅱ≥40 mAU/mL and/or AFP≥20 ng/mL were used for diagnosis, while the AUC value of the PAB combination increased.

Conclusions

Bilirubin is a superior biomarker for diagnosing HCC and distinguishing HCC from BLD. The combination of bilirubin with PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP has superior diagnostic value for HCC and early-stage HCC.
Responses of broiler chickens to incremental levels of water deprivation: Growth performance, carcass characteristics, and relative organ weights
Authors: Mhmoud Amirah , Mkwanazi Mbusiseni Vusumuzi , Ndlela Sithembile Zenith , Moyo Mehluli , Chimonyo Michael
Published: September 2023

The objective of the study was to assess the effect of varying levels of water deprivation on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and internal organ weight of broiler chickens. Ninety unsexed Ross 308 chicks 2 weeks old were randomly assigned to five water deprivation periods of 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 h. Each treatment was replicated three times with six birds per replicate. Broiler chickens were given water ad libitum (0 h) or for 30 min at 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-h intervals. Average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were determined on a weekly basis. A negative linear relationship (P < 0.05) existed between water deprivation and ADFI. The increase in water deprivation level resulted in ADFI decreasing at an increasing rate. The R
2 value was 0.94. There was no relationship between water deprivation on ADG and FCR (P > 0.05). There was a quadratic relationship between water deprivation and cold dress mass (CDM) and warm dress mass. As the level of water deprivation increased, there were linear increases in relative weight of gizzard, spleen, heart, lungs, liver, and gastrointestinal tract (P < 0.001). The organ weights of the broiler chickens revealed the ability of birds to withstand of up to 24 h. Using differential of quadratic equations, the maximum time of water deprivation that did not negatively affect CDM was estimated to be 4 h.
A novel compact highly sensitive non-invasive microwave antenna sensor for blood glucose monitoring
Authors: Aldhaheri Rabah W. , Kamili Jagadeesh Babu , Nella Anveshkumar , Sobahi Nebras M.
Published: September 2023

In the present work, a novel compact and highly sensitive microwave antenna sensor at 2.45 GHz is proposed for evaluating glucose concentration in blood. The antenna is printed on an FR-4 substrate of compact dimensions 35 mm × 13.5 mm × 1.6 mm. A human finger phantom model is constructed in the EM simulation high frequency structure simulator environment consisting of skin, blood, fat, and bone layers. In the study, finger models with various shapes like rectangular, cylindrical, and ellipsoid are considered, and the results are compared. The glucose concentration is changed from 0 to 500 mg/dL, and the corresponding shift is evaluated by keeping the finger phantom at different locations near the antenna. The frequency shifts obtained in the designed experiment are used to evaluate glucose concentration in blood samples. In this work, a minimum and a maximum frequency shift of around 1.25 and 5 MHz, respectively, are observed when the finger phantom is placed at the top of the radiating element. Simulated antenna results are found to be in good agreement with the measured results. The developed method is validated with a two-antenna model by calculating time delay and isolation for different glucose concentrations. An experiment of placing a real human finger around a fabricated antenna presents good correspondence with the simulation results.
The emergence of post-narrativity in the era of artificial intelligence: a non-anthropocentric perspective on the new ecology of narrative agency
Authors: Lee Jin Young , Kim Sung Do
Published: September 2023

In the age of artificial intelligence, writing machines or robot authors have already begun to produce narrative texts in a variety of genres, including short stories and poetry, as well as journalistic articles. This article is based on the prospect that the narrative ecosystem is in a transitional period of decisive disconnection as it enters the era of artificial intelligence. The primary force driving this transition is the formidable execution of artificial intelligence algorithms, which fully automate narrative communication and narrative works. This article attempts to lay the groundwork for building a new paradigm of post-narrativity through a critical examination of several detailed themes in narrative semiotics and non-anthropocentric narratology. The process of narrative creation based on artificial intelligence algorithms is a key condition that constitutes post-narrativity. This presupposes a non-anthropocentric view. In the landscape of post-narrativity, human writers, paper books, computer screens, and invisible narrative algorithms are all agents with equal influence. Automated narrative production by algorithms accelerates the repositioning of other existing media and actors, and changes the narrative ecosystem by incorporating new elements into activities such as production, distribution, and reception of narratives.
Erfüllt die nukleare Abschreckung der NATO ihren Zweck?
Authors: Roberts Brad
Published: September 2023

Kurzfassung

Nach den nuklearen Drohungen des russischen Präsidenten Putin im Zuge des Ukraine-Kriegs halten viele NATO-Mitgliedstaaten es für notwendig, die Wirksamkeit des Systems der nuklearen Abschreckung zu überprüfen und einen Reformprozess einzuleiten. Dafür wären Natur, Aufgaben und Reformbedarf der erweiterten nuklearen Abschreckung zu untersuchen. Da das gegenwärtige Dispositiv der NATO den Bedrohungsstand der 90er- und frühen 2000er-Jahre reflektiert, muss man zunächst die heutigen Aufgaben erweiterter nuklearer Abschreckung durch die USA in Europa benennen und Kriterien definieren, um beurteilen zu können, ob eine Abschreckungswirkung erreicht wird. Die bestehenden, im Rahmen der nuklearen Teilhabe in Europa stationierten Fähigkeiten erfüllen generell den Zweck der Abschreckung, allerdings nur im Verbund mit den strategischen Kapazitäten der USA, Frankreichs und Großbritanniens. Es gilt, ihre Verwundbarkeit für Präemptivschläge zu verringern und das Spektrum an Nuklearwaffen und Trägermitteln zu verbreitern. So wichtig neben der Hardware die Software der erweiterten Abschreckung ist, so sinnvoll wäre eine höhere Anzahl von NATO-Mitgliedstaaten, die auf die eine oder andere Weise an der nuklearen Teilhabe mitwirken. Auch sollte die NATO vehementer ihre deklaratorische Politik akzentuieren. Ein großes Hindernis für eine angemessene Reform ist indes die Weigerung vieler europäischer Regierungen, sich einer innenpolitischen Debatte über Notwendigkeit und Voraussetzungen nuklearer Abschreckung zu stellen.
Die Rolle von begrenzten Nuklearoptionen für die erweiterte Abschreckung in Europa
Authors: Wachs Lydia
Published: September 2023

Kurzfassung

Wie kann eine glaubwürdige erweiterte Abschreckung in Europa gewährleistet werden? Diese Frage beschäftigt die Sicherheitspolitik der USA und die Planungen der NATO bereits seit Jahrzehnten. In den kommenden Jahren dürfte sie eine erneute Renaissance erleben. Als Folge der im Ukraine-Krieg erkennbar gewordenen Schwächen Russlands im Bereich der konventionellen Waffen sowie der strategischen Neuaufstellung der NATO wird der Stellenwert von nicht-strategischen Nuklearwaffen in Russlands Sicherheitsstrategie in den kommenden Jahren vermutlich zunehmen. Dies könnte die Krisenstabilität in Europa schwächen. Dieser Artikel analysiert, wie eine wirksame erweiterte Abschreckung der USA angesichts dieser Entwicklungen im europäischen Sicherheitsumfeld aufrechterhalten werden kann. Der Fokus liegt auf der Rolle relativ begrenzter Nuklearoptionen. Eine glaubwürdige begrenzte nukleare Option wird unerlässlich für den zukünftigen Fortbestand einer soliden erweiterten Abschreckung sein. In diesem Kontext kommt der Nuklearpolitik der Biden-Administration besondere Bedeutung zu. Vor allem die Entscheidung der Regierung Biden für ein Beibehalten der unter Präsident Trump eingeführten seegestützten ballistischen Raketen mit Nukleargefechtsköpfen relativ geringer Sprengkraft kann dazu beitragen, sowohl Russlands Risikokalkulation zu beeinträchtigen als auch die Rückversicherung von Verbündeten zu stärken. In Zukunft ist allerdings auch von den europäischen NATO-Staaten mehr Engagement und Initiative mit Blick auf die europäische Abschreckung und Verteidigung gefragt.
TPVB and general anesthesia affects postoperative functional recovery in elderly patients with thoracoscopic pulmonary resections based on ERAS pathway
Authors: An Na , Dong Wenzhe , Pang Guangdong , Zhang Yiwei , Liu Chunling
Published: September 2023

Objective

Thoracic surgery is easy to cause various perioperative complications, especially in elderly patients, due to their physical weakness and physiological function degeneration. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a common complication in elderly patients undergoing thoracic surgery. This study focuses on exploring the effects of thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) combined with general anesthesia on postoperative functional recovery in elderly patients undergoing thoracoscopic radical resection for lung cancer based on enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway.

Methods

A total of 104 patients aged 60 years or older undergoing thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer were randomized into the combination group (n = 52) and the control group (n = 52). Patients in the control group were given general anesthesia alone, while patients in the combination group were given TPVB combined with general anesthesia. All patients applied the ERAS model for the perioperative intervention. Hemodynamic indices (heart rate [HR] and mean arterial pressure [MAP]) before anesthesia (T0), 5 min after thoracoscopic trocar placement (T1), at extubation (T2), 30 min after extubation (T3), and 6 h after the surgery (T4), postoperative analgesia, preoperative and postoperative serum pain stress factors (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT], prostaglandin E2 [PGE2], cortisol [Cor], substance P [SP], and norepinephrine [NE]), tumor markers (CYFRA21-1, CEA, and CA50), inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, and c-reactive protein (CRP)), lung function indicators (forced vital capacity [FVC] and forced expiratory volume in the first second [FEV1]), 6 min walking distance (6MWD), clinical recovery indicators, hospitalization status, and postoperative complications in patients between both groups were compared.

Results

Compared with the control group, patients in the combination group had lower HR and MAP at T1–T4 time points, less intraoperative doses of remifentanil and propofol, less patient-controlled interscalene analgesia compression number 24 h after the surgery, lower visual analogue scale scores 24 h after the surgery, shorter hospitalization time, postoperative off-bed time, postoperative chest tube removal time, postoperative first feeding time and gastrointestinal function recovery time, reduced postoperative serum levels of 5-HT, PGE2, Cor, SP, NE, CYFRA21-1, CEA, CA50, IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP, decreased complications, and higher FVC, FEV1, and 6MWD.

Conclusion

Based on the ERAS pathway, TPVB combined with general anesthesia in thoracoscopic surgery for lung cancer in elderly patients can effectively reduce the patients’ hemodynamic fluctuations, alleviate postoperative pain, accelerate the recovery process, and reduce complications.
Crystal structure of the quaternary lithogallate Sr2LiGaO4
Authors: Volpini Johannes G. , Hoerder Gregor J. , Seibald Markus , Baumann Dominik , Huppertz Hubert
Published: September 2023

The new quaternary lithogallate Sr2LiGaO4 was prepared by conventional solid-state synthesis in a welded tantalum ampoule at T = 850 °C. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was used to elucidate the crystal structure of the compound, which crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma (no. 62) with the lattice parameters a = 11.2434(4), b = 5.6879(2), and c = 6.6983(2) Å. The phase composition of the powder sample was determined by Rietveld refinement based on X-ray diffraction data. The crystal structure is composed of layers of corner-sharing LiO4 and GaO4 tetrahedra with alternating orientation parallel to the crystallographic bc plane. The eightfold coordinated strontium atoms are arranged in a zigzag manner between the layers forming two types of double-capped trigonal prismatic SrO8 units with common faces. The crystal structure of Sr2LiGaO4 is isotypic to that of the lithoaluminate derivate Sr1.85Ba0.15LiAlO4.
Neue Wege zu sozialen Rechten?Digitale Märkte für Rechtsdienstleistungen in Deutschland
Authors: Rehder Britta , Apitzsch Birgit , Schillen Philip
Published: September 2023

Der Artikel untersucht die Bedeutung der sogenannten Legal Technologies für die Sozialpolitik und das Sozialrecht in Deutschland. Auf der Basis einer empirischen Untersuchung entwickelt er eine Typologie von Anbietern digitaler Rechtsdienstleistungen und diskutiert ihre Bedeutung sowie die Implikationen für das Politikfeld. Die Hauptthese des Textes lautet, dass neue Geschäftsmodelle für digitale Rechtsdienstleistungen Konzentrationsprozesse befördern, die auch auf anderen Online-Märkten zu beobachten sind. Sie fordern die bisherigen anwaltlichen Strategien der Positionierung und Kooperation heraus und können Zugänge zum Recht so verändern, dass Rückwirkungen auf das Feld der Sozialpolitik zu erwarten sind.
Customizable Open-Source Rotating Rod (Rotarod) Enables Robust Low-Cost Assessment of Motor Performance in Mice
Authors: Widjaja Josephine H. , Sloan Douglas C. , Hauger Joseph A. , Muntean Brian S.
Published: September 2023

Reliable measurements of motor learning and coordination in mice are fundamental aspects of neuroscience research. Despite the advent of deep-learning approaches for motor assessment, performance testing on a rotating rod (rotarod) has remained a staple in the neuroscientist’s toolbox. Surprisingly, commercially available rotarod instruments offer limited experimental flexibility at a relatively high cost. In order to address these concerns, we engineered a highly-customizable, low-budget rotarod device with increased functionality. Here, we present a detailed guide to assemble this rotarod using simple materials. Our apparatus incorporates a variation of interchangeable rod sizes and designs which provides for adjustable testing sensitivity. Moreover, our rotarod is driven by open-source software enabling bespoke acceleration ramps and sequences. Finally, we report the strengths and weaknesses of each rod design following multiday testing on cohorts of C57BL/6 mice. We expect explorations in deviant rod types to provide a foundation for the development of increasingly sensitive models for motor performance testing along with low-budget alternatives for the research community.
Effects of Aging on Successful Object Encoding: Enhanced Semantic Representations Compensate for Impaired Visual Representations
Authors: Naspi Loris , Stensholt Charlotte , Karlsson Anna E. , Monge Zachary A. , Cabeza Roberto
Published: September 2023

Although episodic memory and visual processing decline substantially with healthy aging, semantic knowledge is generally spared. There is evidence that older adults' spared semantic knowledge can support episodic memory. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) combined with representational similarity analyses (RSAs) to examine how novel visual and preexisting semantic representations at encoding predict subjective memory vividness at retrieval. Eighteen young and seventeen older adults (female and male participants) encoded images of objects during fMRI scanning and recalled these images while rating the vividness of their memories. After scanning, participants discriminated between studied images and similar lures. RSA based on a deep convolutional neural network and normative concept feature data were used to link patterns of neural activity during encoding to visual and semantic representations. Relative to young adults, the specificity of activation patterns for visual features was reduced in older adults, consistent with dedifferentiation. However, the specificity of activation patterns for semantic features was enhanced in older adults, consistent with hyperdifferentiation. Despite dedifferentiation, visual representations in early visual cortex (EVC) predicted high memory vividness in both age groups. In contrast, semantic representations in lingual gyrus (LG) and fusiform gyrus (FG) were associated with high memory vividness only in the older adults. Intriguingly, data suggests that older adults with lower specificity of visual representations in combination with higher specificity of semantic representations tended to rate their memories as more vivid. Our findings suggest that memory vividness in aging relies more on semantic representations over anterior regions, potentially compensating for age-related dedifferentiation of visual information in posterior regions.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNormal aging is associated with impaired memory for events while semantic knowledge might even improve. We investigated the effects of aging on the specificity of visual and semantic information in the brain when viewing common objects and how this information enables subsequent memory vividness for these objects. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) combined with modeling of the stimuli we found that visual information was represented with less specificity in older than young adults while still supporting memory vividness. In contrast semantic information supported memory vividness only in older adults and especially in those individuals that had the lowest specificity of visual information. These findings provide evidence for a spared semantic memory system increasingly recruited to compensate for degraded visual representations in older age.
Ukryci polemiści Janusza Sławińskiego
Authors:   Wydział Polonistyki, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Hellich Artur
Published: September 2023

The author analyzes selected examples of hidden polemics (as understood by M. Bakhtin) in Janusz Sławiński’s essays and notes from the 1970s and 1980s. The aim of the study is to indicate specific theses and people with whom the theoretician had been arguing, as well as to present the theoretic and personal dimension of Sławiński’s polemics. The author emphasizes that the hidden interlocutors of Sławiński are literary critics from the University of Warsaw. This proves that Sławiński reacted intensively in his texts to theses and discourses emerging in the neighboring scientific center. For this reason, the author argues, the description of his attitude and work in the light the cultural history of Polish literary studies should take into account the dialectical interactions between research conducted at the University of Warsaw and at the Institute of Literary Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences.
„Tak trudno być matką umarłego”. Tadeusz Konopnicki w korespondencji i twórczości swojej matki
Authors:   Wydział Filologiczny, Uniwersytet Łódzki, Samborska-Kukuć Dorota
Published: September 2023

The article seeks to reconstruct the portrait of Maria Konopnicka’s first-born son, Tadeusz that emerges from the poet’s letters. According to the author, owing to his gentle nature and predisposition for ill health, out of her six children, he was his mother’s favourite. Tadeusz’s premature death was Konopnicka’s greatest loss. She expressed her despair in the lyric Tu się droga załamała [Here the road has broken], and her premonitions in the novella Dym [Smoke], written a year earlier. Konopnicka’s troubled single motherhood was repeatedly subjected to negative judgement that stemmed from anachronistic worldview. However, it would be worthwhile to look at the poet’s uneasy situation without criticism but with compassion, trying to understand her constant worry about her sons’ and daughters’ moral standing.
Twórczość między dwoma kulturami, językami, tożsamościami, czyli polsko-niemieccy pisarze „transkulturowi” i ich niemieckie opowieści literackie
Authors:   Wydział Filologiczny, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Palej Agnieszka
Published: September 2023

The article presents the work of representatives of the so-called migration literature, writers of Polish origin (Dariusz Muszer, Radek Knapp, Artur Becker, Adam Soboczynski, Matthias Nawrat, Aleksandra Tobor, Sabrina Janesch and Emilia Smechowski). They belong the middle and young generation, and their texts, implicitly or explicitly, reflect on their own identity, experience of migration, influence of the “old” and “new” culture in the process of shaping the “transcultural” identity of protagonists. Both writers and characters in these literary texts create hybrid, multifaceted identities. They are anchored in the two cultures in which they participate. Thus, Polish-German migration literature acquires a special status: it is embedded both “between” and “in” two literatures and cultures simultaneously. The literary texts become transnational narratives and deal with themes of border crossing, migration, identity, history and cultural diversity.
Lički đaci na Kraljevskoj zemaljskoj muškoj obrtnoj školi u Zagrebu u razdoblju od osnutka škole 1882. do 1929. godine
Authors: Došen Antonia
Published: September 2023

Radom je obuhvaćeno istraživanje arhivske građe nekadašnje Kraljevske zemaljske muške obrtne škole u razdoblju od 1882. do 1929. provedeno u Državnom arhivu u Zagrebu u sklopu kojega su otkrivena imena više od pedeset ličkih pitomaca koji su pohađali tu školu. U tekstu se interpretira dokumentacija o radu ustanove kao i pedagoška dokumentacija (Dnevnici, Imenici, Svjedodžbe) te službeni Izvještaji škole, u kojima se ne navode samo imena učenika već se bilježe i detalji iz vremena njihova školovanja i okolnosti u kojima su se neki od njih nalazili. Metodom sinteze obrađeni su mnogobrojni podatci i istaknute su važne činjenice o školovanju ličkog đaka u Zagrebu. Prikazan je i razvoj obrtnih odnosno šegrtskih škola u Lici krajem 19. i početkom 20. stoljeća. Opisan je sustav školovanja na Obrtnoj školi u Zagrebu kao i život učenika smještenih u internatu škole. Radom je dan doprinos i poticaj istraživanju povijesti obrtnika na području Like.
Poetika zavičaja Grge Rupčića
Authors: Vrcić-Mataija Sanja
Published: September 2023

U radu se uspostavlja zavičajna poetika jednog od najpoznatijih suvremenih gospićkih pjesnika – Grge Rupčića. Uz biografski i autobiografski kontekst ličkog – rastočkog prostora, životu i djelu Grge Rupčića pristupa se pregledno i analitički, uzimajući u obzir raznolikost autorova književnog (pjesničkog i proznog) te publicističkog opusa. Stilistička analiza Rupčićeve poezije, obilježene emocionalnim i refleksivnim lirskim senzibilitetom, u znaku je prosvjetnog poziva, zavičajnog krajolika i ljudi. Autorov prozni književno-publicistički opus, u kojemu progovara o ličkoj društvenoj i kulturnoj zbilji, kroničarskog je karaktera te satirično-humoristične intonacije. Književno-kritičarski autorov rad usmjeren je književnicima zavičajne provenijencije. Poetski, pjesnički i prozni, esejistički i književnokritički, kao i kroničarski opus Grge Rupčića u znaku je kulturnog, povijesnog, prosvjetnog i književnog imaginarija zavičajnog prostora, a njegova topoanaliza, u znaku poetiziranja zavičaja. Zavičajni kulturirani lirski subjekt, istovjetan autorskom, obilježenom nostalgijom, uspomenama i sjećanjima, u cjelovitom je svom bogatom opusu upisao u voljeni prostor ljudsku vrijednost pretačući njegovu stvarnosnu u poetsko-mitsku dimenziju, ostavljajući neizbrisiv trag u književnom i kulturnom životu Like i Gospića.
Topos Like od faktografskog zavičaja do fikcionalnog utočišta – Lika kao primarni zavičaj Branka Ćopića
Authors: Džafić Šeherzada
Published: September 2023

Malo je pisaca koji su se pozivali na rodni zavičaj kao što je to činio Branko Ćopić. Iako je o toposu Like prvenstveno saznao iz priča svojih majke i djeda, Ćopić se u intervjuima, pismima pa i samim djelima pozivao na Liku kao prvobitni zavičaj. S tom činjenicom, ovaj rad se kreće u dva pravca: prvi dio analizira Ćopićeve intervjue i pisma u kojima govori o toposu Like kao zavičaju, dok se u drugome dijelu rada donose interpretacije motiva Like u Ćopićevim književnim djelima. Iz svih izvora (i fakcionalnih i fikcionalnih) vidno je da je Lika, i kao geografski i kao motivski pojam, predstavljala habitus vrijednosti koje su značajno determinisale opus jednoga od najvećih pisaca južnoslavenskih književnosti.
ЦИФРОВІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ В ПІДГОТОВЦІ МАЙБУТНІХ МЕДИЧНИХ ПРАЦІВНИКІВ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: ПОБІГУН Надія , ДУБКОВЕЦЬКА Ірина , ГУРАНИЧ Тетяна , ТУЧАК Оксана , ПЕТРУНЯК Софія
Published: September 2023

У статті висвітлено теоретичні аспекти використання цифрових технологій у професійній підготовці майбутніх медичних працівників. Обґрунтовано необхідність упровадження методик електронного дистанційного навчання в українських університетах в умовах воєнного стану. Визначено найбільш дієві засоби інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій (ІКТ) у навчанні студентів-медиків, що здійснюється у таких формах, як: онлайн-курси, онлайн-консультування, онлайн-тренінги, хакатони, вебінари, віртуальні лабораторії, соціальні мережі, відвідування інтерактивних музеїв науки, створення платформ спілкування за науковими інтересами, міжнародні конкурси з рішення науково-технічних задач, віртуальні технопарки та інші. Авторами представлено результати емпіричного дослідження щодо використання цифрових технологій у роботі з студентами в умовах війни, яким охоплено науково-педагогічних працівників Івано-Франківського національного медичного університету.
ПІДГОТОВКА МАЙБУТНІХ ЛІКАРІВ ДО МІЖКУЛЬТУРНОЇ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ У ПРОФЕСІЙНІЙ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: ХАЛЛО ОЛЕКСАНДРА
Published: September 2023

Стаття присвячена визначенню поняття «міжкультурне середовище майбутніх лікарів» й окресленню шляхів формування означеного конструкту в освітньому процесі закладів вищої медичної освіти. Зазначено, що проблема формування готовності майбутніх лікарів до міжкультурної взаємодії у професійній діяльності не була предметом окремого дослідження та потребує практичної розробленості. Методами дослідження є аналіз наукової літератури, анкетування студентів з метою виявлення їхнього ставлення до міжкультурного середовища, у якому вони навчаються.

Розглянуто підходи науковців до визначення сутності понять «підготовка», «професійна підготовка», «фахова підготовка». Зазначено, що професійна підготовка є визначеною логічно структурованою єдністю організаційних і психолого-педагогічних заходів, які забезпечують формування у студентів професійних знань, умінь і навичок, особистісних і професійних компетентностей, що в сукупності утворюють їх особистісно професійну готовність. Визначено, що міжкультурне середовище майбутніх лікарів є процесом розкриття професійного й особистісного потенціалу завдяки засвоєнню вітчизняними й іноземними студентами досвіду співпраці та партнерства в медичній сфері, обмін інформацією, передовими ідеями та технологіями. Установлено, що важливим аспектом професійної діяльності майбутніх лікарів є їх готовність до ефективної взаємодії з представниками інших культур у подальшій професійній діяльності, формування в них здатності до обміну професійним досвідом у галузі медицини з вітчизняними та зарубіжними партнерами. Доведено, що професійна підготовка майбутніх лікарів зумовлює необхідність формування міжкультурної комунікації під час навчання в закладах вищої медичної освіти.
ВИХОВАННЯ ПАТРІОТИЧНИХ ПОЧУТТІВ У МАЙБУТНІХ ПЕДАГОГІВ В УМОВАХ ЦИФРОВОГО ОСВІТНЬОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА
Authors: ШЕЛЯГ КСЕНІЯ
Published: September 2023

У статті автором проаналізовано науково-педагогічну, методичну літературу та доведено актуальність виховання патріотичних почуттів у майбутніх педагогів в умовах цифрового освітнього середовища. На основі представлених даних визначено принципи, на які слід спиратися у процесі здійснення освітньої діяльності та виховання патріотичних почутті в студентської молоді. Автором запропоновано форми та методи, які сприятимуть ефективному вихованню патріотичних почуттів молодого покоління в умовах цифровізації освіти.
АКСІОЛОГІЧНІ ДЕТЕРМІНАНТИ ПАТРІОТИЗМУ ДІТЕЙ ТА МОЛОДІ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ
Authors: РОЗЛУЦЬКА ГАЛИНА
Published: September 2023

У дослідженні йдеться про різку трансформацію світоглядних позицій українських громадян, зумовлену військовими діями на території України. Особливо виразно нові ціннісні детермінанти проявляються у дітей та молоді. Автором вказано на реальну загрозу денаціоналізації, втрати державної незалежності та потрапляння у сферу впливу іншої держави, що привели до переосмислення національного самоусвідомлення, державницької позиції, військового обов’язку, громадянської активності тощо. Наголошується на патріотичних цінностях, які протягом останніх десятиліть вважались другорядними в аксіологічній ієрархії підростаючих поколінь, а сьогодні активізувались і стали визначальною характеристикою українця.
РОЗВИТОК КРИТИЧНОГО МИСЛЕННЯ МОЛОДШИХ ШКОЛЯРІВ У ПРОЦЕСІ ВИВЧЕННЯ ПРЕДМЕТІВ МОВНО-ЛІТЕРАТУРНОЇ ОСВІТНЬОЇ ГАЛУЗІ
Authors: ОЛІЯР МАРІЯ
Published: September 2023

Стаття присвячена проблемі розвитку критичного мислення молодших школярів у процесі вивчення предметів мовно-літературної освітньої галузі. Подано трактування українськими вченими критичного мислення учня. Розкрито можливості предметів мовно-літературної освітньої галузі у формуванні критичного мислення молодших школярів. Зазначено, що одним з дієвих засобів формування критичного мислення є мовленнєва творчість. Висвітлено прийоми і технології розвитку критичного мислення на основі мовного матеріалу. Описано структуру організації творчої діяльності учнів задля формування їхнього критичного мислення.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ 3D ДРУКУ В ОСВІТНЬОМУ ПРОЦЕСІ ЯК ЕЛЕМЕНТ STEM ОСВІТИ
Authors: ЯШАН БОГДАН , СКРИПНИЧУК НАТАЛІЯ
Published: September 2023

У статті розглянуто застосування технології 3D друку в освітньому процесі. Проаналізовано дослідження сучасних науковців у сфері 3D технологій і розширено спектр застосування 3D друку в різних освітніх напрямах. Показано застосування 3D друку в Чернівецькому багатопрофільному ліцеї № 4 при проведенні гурткової роботи «Основи робототехніки», де учні мають можливість ознайомитися з технологією 3D друку у процесі реалізації дослідницького навчального STEM проекту. Досліджено використання даної технології на уроках інформатики учнями 9-х класів при вивченні теми 3D графіку. Наведено основні цілі подальшого впровадження технології 3D друку в освітньому процесі.
ТЕХНОЛОГІЯ ІНТЕГРОВАНОГО НАВЧАННЯ НА УРОКАХ МОВНО-ЛІТЕРАТУРНОЇ ОСВІТНЬОЇ ГАЛУЗІ
Authors: КАЧАК ТЕТЯНА , БЛИЗНЮК ТЕТЯНА
Published: September 2023

У статті проаналізовано особливості реалізації потенціалу технології інтегрованого навчання на уроках мовно-літературної освітньої галузі. Зауважено, що інтегроване навчання ґрунтується на комплексному підході, а його мета – формування в учнів цілісного уявлення про навколишній світ, системи знань і вмінь; активізація їхньої пізнавальної діяльності та мотивації; забезпечення інтерактивної взаємодії та ефективної реалізації розвивально-виховних функцій навчання; розвиток уміння вчитися впродовж життя й використовувати здобуті знання і навички на практиці. Окреслено основні принципи інтеграції у процесі засвоєння здобувачами освіти мовно-літературного матеріалу. Розроблено трирівневу методичну модель інтеграції уроків мовно-літературної освітньої галузі. Запропоновано поетапні алгоритми інтегрованих уроків рідної мови і читання, уроків іноземної мови і читання.