bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Loop Closure Detection Based on Differentiable Manifold
Authors: Dong Tianzhen , Xue Bin , Zhang Qing , Zhao Yuepeng , Li Wenju , Li Mengying
Published: June 2022

Loop closure detection is an important part of SLAM (simultaneous location and mapping), which can effectively reduce the cumulative error of the system after long period of exploration. The existing loop closure detection methods are mainly to evenly distribute the accumulated error in the robot trajectory, but the motion error of the actual robot is also related to its motion speed and rotation angle, while the corrected motion trajectory of the robot is difficult to match the real trajectory. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of robot motion error, this paper proposes a novel loop closure detection method based on differentiable manifold, which mainly includes real-time pose based on manifold tangent space and smooth motion trajectory model of robot based on differential geometry. Firstly, we introduce the Frenet framework structure and establish the corresponding manifold tangent space theory for the keyframe pose nodes. The real-time problem of robot motion is equivalent to the problem of finding the optimal angle tangent vector. Secondly, the motion speed between keyframes is used to determine the characteristics of the robot motion trajectory. We calculate the curvature and torsion of the curve composed of several nodes based on the manifold tangent space and then combine the curve interpolation and ﬁtting of the keyframe nodes to achieve the approximation of the robot motion trajectory, and the smooth curve of the robot trajectory is obtained. Finally, the experiment veriﬁes that the method in this paper can effectively ensure the continuity and smoothness of the robot’s trajectory, thereby reducing the cumulative error of the system and improving the accuracy of loop closure detection.
Protein Kinase Inhibition, Antibacterial Activity, and Characterization of Phytoextract‐Mediated Silver Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Extracts of Ifloga spicata
Authors: Gul Ahmad , Wahab Abdul , Fozia Fozia , Shah Syed Majid , Gul Rukhsana , Ali Jamshed , Khan Nauman Rahim , Ahmad Ijaz , Ahmad Nisar , Zia Muhammad , Ullah Riaz , Alotaibi Amal , Sultan Mujeeb A.
Published: June 2022

This research work was focused on green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag‐NPs) employing an aqueous plant extract of Ifloga spicata. The extract of plant used in the silver nanoparticle synthesis served as a stabilizing and reducing agent. The silver nanoparticles were characterized via various techniques such as X‐ray diffraction (XRD) technique, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, and UV‐visible spectroscopy. The FT‐IR analysis showed an identification of functional groups of biomolecules present in plant extract like O‐H stretching of phenolic compounds and the C‐H stretch of alkanes, C=O is stretching vibration of carbonyl, C‐N is stretching of amines and amides, and the C‐O is stretching of ester that facilitates the formation of Ag‐NPs. The spherical geometry and crystalline morphology with an average crystal size of 15‐28 nm of Ag‐NPs were revealed using SEM and XRD analysis, respectively. The stability of Ag‐NPs was checked through changing the pH and temperature of the reaction mixture. It was examined that synthesized Ag‐NPs were stable at 60°C temperatures and nearly neutral pH 8. The synthesized Ag‐NPs also exhibit potential antibacterial activity that were investigated against a selected bacterial pathogens, like E. aerogens, B. bronchiseptica, and S. typhimurium. The silver nanoparticles exhibited a maximum zone of inhibition of 18.1 ± 1.73 mm, 14.3 ± 1.18 mm, and 19.5 ± 1.30 mm against E. aerogens, B. bronchiseptica, S. typhimurium, respectively. The synthesized Ag‐NPs exhibit promising protein kinase inhibition at 200 (μg/mL) as compared to plant extracts.
Smart Community Emergency Evacuation Management System and Risk Assessment Based on Mobile Big Data
Authors: Han Yongjun , Huang Li , Xiao Tao , Yuan Aihua , Yu Yi , Feng Yanfei , Cheng Junshuai , Di Ling , Zheng Jiabao , Ye Zengshu
Published: June 2022

In recent years, with the continuous expansion and development of cities, urban population has become more and more dense. At present, there are few researches on community emergency evacuation management system in China. Therefore, the establishment of community emergency evacuation management system based on mobile big data can not only meet the efficient, fast, smooth, and orderly evacuation and settlement needs of the masses but also minimize emergencies. All kinds of losses and influences caused by accidents have very important practical significance. In this paper, an emergency evacuation management system is developed and designed on smart community platform based on mobile big data technology. In the process of development, it is found that the service integration method of mobile big data and application model is the best combination of this system. The construction process of community emergency evacuation management system framework is introduced in detail. Through the research and design of the system, and then test and analysis of the experiment, the sixth grade teachers and students of a primary school group experiment, there are 50 people in each group. The experimental group is familiar with the system operation in advance, and the knowledge of emergency evacuation management is previewed in advance. It is concluded that the class with emergency evacuation management system has much faster response time and decision-making time to emergencies than the class without emergency evacuation management system, and the injury situation of the class is much better. The study shows that the emergency evacuation management system plays an important role in dealing with emergencies, improving the escape rate and reducing the number of injured. I believe it will be further promoted in the future.
MTL-DAS: Automatic Text Summarization for Domain Adaptation
Authors: Zhong Jiang , Wang Zhiying
Published: June 2022

Domain adaptation on text summarization task is always challenging, which is caused by the lack of annotated data in the target domain. Previous methodologies focused more on introducing knowledge in the target domain and shifted the model to the target domain. However, they mostly studied the adaptation to a single low-resource domain, which restricted practicality. In this paper, we propose MTL-DAS, a unified model for multidomain adaptive text summarization, which stands for Multitask Learning for Multidomain Adaptation Summarization model. Combined with BART, we investigate multitask learning method to enhance the generalization ability in multidomain. We adapt the ability of detect summary-worthy content from source domain and obtain the knowledge and generation style in target domains by text reconstruction task and text classification task. We carry out the domain adaptation ability experiment on AdaptSum dataset, which includes six domains in low-resource scenarios. The experiment shows the unified model not only outperforms separately trained models, but also is time-consuming and requires less computational resources.
Multisource Data Fusion Analysis of Maintainability for Overlapping Degree High Performance Computing
Authors: Li Ze , Li Yonghua , Meng Lijun , Meng Dongrong
Published: June 2022

With the continuous development of social economy, industry has become the main industry that contributes to the economy. In the process of industrial development, human operation is gradually replaced by machine operation, and the replacement of machines is followed. Over the years, machines have become more and more important in industry. However, although the machine liberates manpower, over time, it has experienced external pressures such as the environment and personnel and is internally affected by the technical level, experience, equipment familiarity, and physical and mental state of the maintenance personnel. Industrial machines tend to cause all sorts of problems when they run for too long. Therefore, it is ensured that the efficient operation and long-term operation of the machine are crucial issues. In view of the current situation and problems, this paper combines different equipment maintenance test data, adopts the method of high-performance computing overlap, establishes corresponding multisource data for data conversion and processing, and then uses the Bayesian method to analyze the multisource data. Parameter fusion and overfitting are performed, and finally the device is tested for prior data fusion using the overlap data model. The simulation results of this paper show that the high-performance overlap calculation method is effective and can effectively support the fusion analysis of maintainable multisource data.
Research on the Impact of Random Negative Training Samples on the Spatial Quantitative Model of Landslide Hazards
Authors: Zhang Li , Zhang Xueqi , Pan Ke , Zhou Zhongli , Lin Xiaokun
Published: June 2022

In the present study, a spatial quantitative model of landslide hazards based on a deep belief network (DBN) is constructed. Firstly, environmental similarity-based sampling (ESBS) was used to determine the negative sampling area. Secondly, multiple data sets are constructed. Each data set contains seven landslide-conditioning factors; 70% of the data are used for training; and 30% are used for validation. The performance evaluation index of the spatial quantitative model of landslide hazards was established; that is, the AUC mean (AUCmean) was used to measure the stability of the model, and the AUC standard deviation (AUCSD) was used to measure the uncertainty of the model. Finally, the accuracy of the prediction results of the DBN model is analyzed. The results show that the area with negative sample reliability greater than 0.51 is the best negative sample sampling area, and the stability of the DBN model is maintained at a relatively good level in both the training step (AUCmean = 0.9597) and the validation step (AUCmean = 0.8897). The standard deviation of AUC is close to 0 (AUCSD = 0.0081 in the training step and AUCSD = 0.0085 in the validation step), indicating that the selected negative samples have a weak impact on the performance of the model. The susceptibility areas of very high obtained by the DBN model (landslide points in the susceptibility areas of very high accounted for 55.03%) are realistic. Therefore, the DBN model constructed in the present study is effective and can be used in the field of landslide hazard spatial prediction.
Allotrichophagia: A Unique Case of Parental Adjustment to Filial Pediatric Malignancy
Authors: Huremović Damir , Nagalla Madhavi Latha , Khan Sameer
Published: June 2022

A 36-year-old Hispanic female patient with gastrointestinal symptoms and weight loss was found to have a trichobezoar in her stomach requiring a surgical removal. Psychiatry team was consulted due to concerns for depression and trichotillomania. The psychiatric evaluation revealed that the patient was not ingesting her own hair - the most common instance in cases of trichotillomania and trichophagia, but her daughter’s hair. The patient was doing this as an unconscious, spontaneous response to her daughter’s manifest hair loss caused by daughter’s malignancy and treatment thereof. The patient was given a diagnosis of Adjustment disorder and treated as such, as the patient’s symptoms resolved with her daughter’s remission. The patient’s cultural background was taken into consideration and the team explored cultural factors that could have mediated such a response. The team also explored the psychodynamic aspects of this case in order to attain a more comprehensive understanding of this patient’s unique presentation. To best describe this unusual behavior, we coined a term for such a phenomenon – allotrichophagia (Greek: eating others’ hair).
Silibinin Ameliorates Formaldehyde-Induced Cognitive Impairment by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress
Authors: Wei Pengsheng , Li Xue , Wang Shuai , Dong Yanxin , Yin Haoran , Gu Zikun , Na Xiaoting , Wei Xi , Yuan Jiayu , Cao Jiahui , Gao Haotian , Su Yebo , Chen Yong Xu , Jin Ge
Published: June 2022

Silibinin is a flavonoid extracted from the medicinal plant Silybum marianum (milk thistle), traditionally used to treat liver disease. Recent studies have shown that the antioxidative stress and anti-inflammatory effects of milk thistle are used in the treatment of neurological diseases. Silibinin has antioxidative stress and antiapoptotic effects and reduces cognitive impairment in models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the underlying mechanism of silibinin related to improvement of cognition remains poorly understood. In this study, we used the model of lateral ventricle injection of formaldehyde to examine the related mechanism of silibinin in improving cognitive impairment disorders. Oral administration of silibinin for three weeks significantly attenuated the cognitive deficits of formaldehyde-induced mice in a

Y

-maze test and Morris water maze test.

Y

-maze results show that silibinin increases the rate of spontaneous response alternation in FA-induced mice. Silibinin increases the target quadrant spending time and decreases escape latency in the Morris water maze test. We examined the effect of silibinin on the NRF2 signaling pathway, and silibinin promoted the nuclear transfer of NRF2 and increased the expression of HO-1 but did not significantly increase the protein expression of NRF2 in the hippocampus. Well, silibinin reduces the content of DHE and decreases the levels of apoptosis of mature neuron cells. We investigated the effect of silibinin on the content of formaldehyde degrading enzymes; biochemical analyses revealed that silibinin increased GSH and ALDH2 in formaldehyde-induced mice. In addition, as one of the pathological changes of AD, TAU protein is also hyperphosphorylated in FA model mice. Silibinin inhibits the expression of GSK-3β in model mice, thereby reducing the phosphorylation of TAU proteins ser396 and ser404 mediated by GSK3β. Based on our findings, we verified that the mechanism of silibinin improving cognitive impairment may be antioxidative stress, and silibinin is one of the potentially promising drugs to prevent formaldehyde-induced cognitive impairment.
Optimization of Rural Smart Tourism Service Model with Internet of Things
Authors: Hu Xiaoqing
Published: June 2022

Rural smart tourism is a new tourism form supported by information technology, especially the Internet of Things technology. Smart tourism not only makes it easier for tourists to get diverse tourism information, but it also helps attractive sites improve their service capabilities. The optimization of the rural smart tourist service model, which is explored in this work, includes personalized recommendations of scenic sites. The main research contents of the paper are as follows: (1) A new algorithm for recommending tourism destinations with domain adaptability has been suggested. In the field of personalized recommendation of tourist attractions, most of the target domain data are unlabeled, and the model cannot be trained. When it comes to training, however, there exist source domain data sets that are completely labeled and can be used as a supplement to the target domain training data sets. (2) A personalized recommendation algorithm for tourist attractions with deep migration has been studied. Owing to the distribution difference between target data and source data, an adaptive layer is added to the convolutional neural network. The domain loss is then minimized to achieve deep feature transfer, and the model can then be trained to find scenic areas of interest to the user. Finally, the recommendation for tourist destinations with deep migration is done by examining the relationship between the target user and other users.
Melanosis of the Bladder: Possible Pathogenetic Mechanisms
Authors: Dupey Justin E. , Wood Sarah J. , Ball Richard Y.
Published: June 2022

Melanin accumulation within the bladder urothelium and/or macrophages in the lamina propria (melanosis of the bladder) is a very rare phenomenon of unknown pathogenesis. Its rarity argues for a complex, likely multifactorial, causation. We describe bladder melanosis developing after Botox therapy in an elderly woman with a history of overactive bladder, treated grade 2 uterovaginal prolapse, and episodes of urinary tract infection and speculate that one factor (probably of many) in its pathogenesis may be a derangement of local neurourothelial interactions.
3D Object Detection from Point Cloud Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Hao Ning
Published: June 2022

In order to study the modern 3D object detection algorithm based on deep learning, this paper studies the point-based 3D object detection algorithm, that is, a 3D object detection algorithm that uses multilayer perceptron to extract point features. This paper proposes a method based on point RCNN. A three-stage 3D object detection algorithm improves the accuracy of the algorithm by fusing image information. The algorithm in this paper integrates the information and image information of the three stages well, which improves the information utilization of the whole algorithm. Compared with the traditional 3D target detection algorithm, the structure of the algorithm in this paper is more compact, which effectively improves the utilization of information.
Design and Implementation of Intelligent Teaching System Based on Artificial Intelligence and Computer Technology
Authors: Xu Shuai , Wang Ting , Dai Jiahai , Wu DanLin
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this paper is to investigate and research the intelligent teaching system based on artificial intelligence (AI) and computer technology, which can provide a better education platform for the majority of education and teaching workers and also help college students improve their learning efficiency. This paper first introduces AI, system modules, computer technology, and some algorithms for establishing intelligent teaching systems, specifically introducing student modules, Bayesian algorithms, and so on, and then introduces intelligent teaching based on AI and computer technology. The experimental results show that the intelligent teaching system based on AI and computer technology has improved the teaching efficiency and management ability of the school, and the help of students has also played a great role. The intelligent teaching system not only helps students improve their learning efficiency by 9.8% but also is favored by 56.8% of teachers and students.
Expansion of Lymphocytes from Prostatic Adenocarcinoma and Adjacent Nonmalignant Tissue
Authors: Nguyen Linh T. , Lo Charlotte S. , Fyrsta Michael , Nie Jessica , Yam Jennifer Y. , Yen Pei-Hua , Le Michael X. , Hersey Karen , Kenk Miran , Crumbaker Megan , Fleshner Neil , Kulkarni Girish , Hamilton Robert , Jewett Michael , Finelli Antonio , Evans Andrew , Sweet Joan , Ohashi Pamela S. , Joshua Anthony M.
Published: June 2022

Background. The evaluation of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in solid malignancies has yielded insights into immune regulation within the tumour microenvironment and has also led to the development and optimisation of adoptive T cell therapies. Objectives. This study examined the in vitro expansion of TILs from prostate adenocarcinoma, as a preliminary step to evaluate the potential of TILs for adoptive T cell therapy. Design, Setting, and Participants. Malignant and adjacent nonmalignant tissues were obtained from fifteen men undergoing radical prostatectomy. Interventions. There were no study interventions. Outcome Measurements and Statistical Analysis. Expanded cells were analysed by flow cytometry, and the data was assessed for associations between cell subpopulations and expansion rate. Results. Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes could be expanded to numbers that would be needed to generate a therapeutic infusion product from nine of 15 malignant specimens (60%). The CD4+ T cells predominated over CD8+ T cells (median 56.8% CD4+, 30.0% CD8+), and furthermore, faster TIL expansion was associated with a higher proportion of CD4+ T cells (median 69.8% in faster-growing cultures; 36.8% in slower-growing cultures). A higher proportion of CD3−CD56+ cells versus CD3+ cells was associated with slower TIL expansion in cultures from malignant specimens (median 13.3% in slower-growing cultures versus 2.05% in faster-growing cultures), but not from nonmalignant specimens. Conclusions. The expansion of TILs for potential therapeutic use is feasible. Our findings also indicate that further examination of TILs from prostate adenocarcinomas may yield insights into mechanisms of regulation of T cells within the tumour microenvironment. Further research is required to evaluate their therapeutic potential.
Application of C4.5 Decision Tree Algorithm for Evaluating the College Music Education
Authors: Wang Jingliang
Published: June 2022

Music courses in colleges and universities have undergone significant changes as the new curriculum reform has proceeded. As a result, student evaluations in the classroom are changing, and a diversified evaluation paradigm is gradually developing. Numerous new and more effective teaching concepts and teaching methods have been developed for revitalizing the state with science and education. This interrupts the standard instructional activities’ backward teaching pattern. Online teaching has become more significant in the area of education as technology, science, and Internet technologies have advanced. Music instructors at universities and colleges are continually updating their teaching methods and utilize several techniques to provide in-depth instruction in the classrooms. To expand students’ enthusiasm and involvement while also developing their musical creative talents, a web-based information educational administrations management system has been widely used in many universities and colleges. This study utilizes the C4.5 algorithm to create a decision tree model for establishing an evaluation system of classroom teaching to enhance the quality. The proposed algorithm evaluates the model’s accuracy and practicability using performance information from 125 teachers’ music classroom teaching. Finally, it identifies the decision-making attributes that affect the teachers’ evaluation. The quality of classroom teaching is evaluated, and some useful suggestions are provided based on the experimental results, which can support college and university decision-making by motivating teachers to improve their classroom teaching quality.
Application of Multislice Spiral CT and Three-Dimensional Image Reconstruction Technology in the Observation of Ankle Sports Injury under the Microscope
Authors: Zhao Dongxian
Published: June 2022

In order to solve the problem of multislice spiral CT and three-dimensional image reconstruction technology in the observation of ankle sports injuries under the microscope, to meet the needs of the accuracy of the diagnosis of traumatic fractures, to make up for the shortcomings of the traditional treatment cycle, and to improve the recovery speed of patients. The subjects were inpatients in the Orthopedics and Traumatology Department of a hospital from January 2020 to January 2021.The ankle joint belongs to the flexion joint, which is formed by a dense joint at the lower end of the fibula, tibia, and talus. Osteoarthritis is the most common type of bone fracture, accounting for approximately 3.9% of the total skeletal system, and is most likely to occur in adolescents.
Practical Research on the Assistance of Music Art Teaching Based on Virtual Reality Technology
Authors: Zhang Jing
Published: June 2022

Music education in our country has a long history, but modern teaching started relatively late. In recent years, our country has continuously accelerated the pace of learning in the field of music education. The use of advanced Internet of Things virtual reality has become an important way for the development of music art education in our country. This paper studies the practical effects of music art teaching combined with the aid of the Internet of Things virtual reality technology. This article takes the Internet of Things virtual reality technology-assisted music art teaching as the research object and analyzes the effects and advantages of virtual reality technology in music art teaching. Search for topics such as “music” and “VR” through Google to find literature related to music and art. Get the latest rankings of different types of electronic music on YouTube, and through the audition and BPM screening, download music that meets the classroom practice of this article. Research results show that a teaching system that combines VR and augmented reality technology can shorten teaching time by 65%. The virtual reconstruction of music art using VR technology allows students to visually observe the form of music art. The combination of VR technology and traditional teaching methods significantly increases the initiative, interest, effectiveness, and participation of students in learning and can achieve better teaching results. VR system is used in music teaching. DentSim system, Moog Simodont, and dental trainer system can effectively help students master the basic methods of note preparation and actively improve the teaching quality of music professional courses.
Research on the Decision Model of Product Design Based on a Deep Residual Network
Authors: Zong Licheng , Wang Nana
Published: June 2022

An artificial intelligence (AI) design decision model is constructed to improve the efficiency of design decision evaluation and avoid the influence of the decision preference on product design and development. Using the concept of AI, the proposed model is based on a data set of product modeling design schemes, and the data set is marked with product modeling semantics. The deep learning residual network (ResNet) algorithm is used to train the data set to improve the accuracy of design decisions, transform the general design decision problem into the semantic recognition problem of design scheme images, and eliminate the design decision preference to the greatest extent. The validity and the feasibility of the proposed AI design decision-making method based on the ResNet algorithm are verified via an example of motorcycle modeling design decision-making.
Analysis and Prospect of the Application of Wireless Sensor Networks in Ubiquitous Power Internet of Things
Authors: Cao Li , Wang Zhengzong , Yue Yinggao
Published: June 2022

With the rapid development of the economy and society, the low efficiency and high loss of the traditional power grid can no longer meet the growing social demand, and the power grid market is facing a reform. Smart grid, as a next-generation power system, it can effectively improve the performance of traditional power grids. The ubiquitous power Internet of Things (UPIOT) replaces the traditional grids with efficient, safe, reliable, and flexible new grids, improves the utilization efficiency of the grid, reduces the loss of the power grid in the transmission process, and can meet the needs of different types of markets and users. As an advanced information acquisition and processing technology, wireless sensor networks have been widely used in medical, industrial, agricultural, commercial, and public management fields. It is an important means to promote future economic development and build a harmonious society. In the power system, wireless sensor network technology can be widely used in many fields such as line fault location, real-time monitoring, smart meter reading, and relay protection. In this paper, the basic concepts and overall architecture of ubiquitous power Internet of Things are summarized. Then, we summarize the research status of the wireless sensor network in smart grid, including power equipment, line monitoring, smart grid wireless automatic meter reading, distribution network relay protection, power assets life-cycle management, power grid fault location, and power grid fault diagnosis. In view of the technical characteristics of wireless sensor networks, combined with the production links of power systems, the application framework of wireless sensor network technology in the power systems is constructed. The application of wireless sensor networks is prospected from the aspects of network development of relay protection, application research of smart substation, application research of power grid catastrophe, security protection of power system, and deep-seated ubiquitous power Internet of Things.
Application Effect Analysis of Clinical Nursing Pathway in the Care of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Wang Hai
Published: June 2022

This research focuses on the effectiveness of the clinical nursing pathway (CNP) in the treatment of infant hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE). This research enrolled 120 cases of NHIE admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, including 70 cases (research group, the Res) who received CNP intervention and 50 cases (control group, the Con) treated by routine nursing pathway intervention. The psychomotor development index (PDI), mental development index (MDI), neurodevelopment (ND), physique growth, and incidence of adverse events (AEs) were recorded and analyzed. The results identified that in comparison with the Con (1) the PDI and MDI were obviously better in the Res 6 months postintervention; (2) the Res had significantly superior ND of behavioral capacity, passive tone, active tone, primitive reflex, and general assessment 1 month after intervention, as well as physical development of body weight, height, and head circumference after 40 days of birth, (3) the incidence of total AEs within 40 days was statistically lower in the Res. As a result, CNP is considerably superior to the traditional nursing pathway in the treatment of NHIE, and it merits clinical promotion.
The Hovering Stability of the Egretta Tail-Sitter VTOL UAV
Authors: Wang Hao , Su Shanfei , Qiu Xizhi , Liang Yu , Yu Peng , Shan Xiaowen
Published: June 2022

Vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) capability has extended the application of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) significantly. In this paper, simulation modeling and flight test were employed to investigate the hovering stability of a tail-sitter UAV named Egretta. The hovering stability simulation model was developed based on a simplified rigid body flight dynamic and the time-averaged propeller slipstream flow distribution. Meanwhile, a testing vehicle with PID controllers was built and tested to verify the hovering stability model. It was found that the Egretta UAV can achieve stable hovering in the roll, pitch, and yaw directions. The simulation model has demonstrated accuracy in predicting the hovering stability and dynamic responses with large perturbations in both trend and magnitude. Moreover, the simulation model can be extended to analyze the hovering stability of tail-sitter UAVs with different sizes. The simulation model will be very useful for initial stability sizing and PID optimization investigation.
Development and Characterization of Pullulan-Carboxymethyl Cellulose Blend Film for Packaging Applications
Authors: Thangavelu Murugesan , Kulandhaivelu Senthil Vadivu
Published: June 2022

Edible packaging materials have widespread applications in pharmaceutical industries. In this study, the physical, thermal, colour, mechanical, and water barrier properties of a novel edible film based on pullulan (PUL) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were investigated. The blend films were made by the solution casting method with 3 g of total solid content. The following percentages of 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, and 0/100 were used to prepare the films. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to analyze the interaction between PUL and CMC. At the level of 75/25 percentage of PUL, CMC film showed the lowest EAB% (5.55%), the highest values for TS (17.30 MPa), WVP value (

4.12
×

10

−
10

 g m-1s-1Pa-1), and water contact angle of 63.43°. By increasing the CMC concentration, blend films became slightly greenish and yellowish but appeared transparent with UV blocking ability. This study reveals that 75/25 (PUL/CMC) blend film has a good potential that can be used in producing edible packaging films to protect the quality of pharmaceutical products with interesting specifications.
Remaining Useful Life Prediction of Nuclear Power Machinery Based on an Exponential Degradation Model
Authors: Liu Gaojun , Fan Weijie , Li Fenglei , Wang Gaixia , You Dongdong
Published: June 2022

Aiming at solving the problems of small fault data samples and insufficient remaining useful life (RUL) prediction accuracy of nuclear power machinery, a method based on an exponential degradation model is proposed to predict the RUL of equipment after the failure warning system alarm. After data preprocessing, time-domain feature extraction, selection, and dimensionality reduction fusion of multiple degradation variables, the exponential degradation model is constructed based on the Bayesian process, and prior information is used. As an application, the RUL of a nuclear power turbine was calculated based on actual monitoring data, theα−λprecision curve was used to evaluate the prediction effect, and the RUL prediction results verified the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Identification of the First Specific Inhibitor of p90 Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK) Reveals an Unexpected Role for RSK in Cancer Cell Proliferation
Authors: Smith Jeffrey A. , Poteet-Smith Celeste E. , Xu Yaming , Errington Timothy M. , Hecht Sidney M. , Lannigan Deborah A.
Published: June 2022

p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) is an important downstream effector of mitogen-activated protein kinase, but its biological functions are not well understood. We have now identified the first small-molecule, RSK-specific inhibitor, which we isolated from the tropical plant Forsteronia refracta. We have named this novel inhibitor SL0101. SL0101 shows remarkable specificity for RSK. The major determinant of SL0101-binding specificity is the unique ATP-interacting sequence in the amino-terminal kinase domain of RSK. SL0101 inhibits proliferation of the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, producing a cell cycle block in G1 phase with an efficacy paralleling its ability to inhibit RSK in intact cells. RNA interference of RSK expression confirmed that RSK regulates MCF-7 proliferation. Interestingly, SL0101 does not alter proliferation of a normal human breast cell line MCF-10A, although SL0101 inhibits RSK in these cells. We show that RSK is overexpressed in ∼50% of human breast cancer tissue samples, suggesting that regulation of RSK has been compromised. Thus, we show that RSK has an unexpected role in proliferation of transformed cells and may be a useful new target for chemotherapeutic agents. SL0101 will provide a powerful new tool to dissect the molecular functions of RSK in cancer cells.
A Novel Anticancer Agent, Decursin, Induces G1 Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Prostate Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Yim Dongsool , Singh Rana P. , Agarwal Chapla , Lee Sookyeon , Chi Hyungjoon , Agarwal Rajesh
Published: June 2022

We isolated a coumarin compound decursin (C19H20O5; molecular weight 328) from Korean angelica (Angelica gigas) root and characterized it by spectroscopy. Here, for the first time, we observed that decursin (25-100 μmol/L) treatment for 24 to 96 hours strongly inhibits growth and induces death in human prostate carcinoma DU145, PC-3, and LNCaP cells. Furthermore, we observed that decursinol [where (CH3)2-C=CH-COO- side chain of decursin is substituted with -OH] has much lower effects compared with decursin, suggesting a possible structure-activity relationship. Decursin-induced growth inhibition was associated with a strong G1 arrest (P < 0.001) in DU145 and LNCaP cells, and G1, S as well as G2-M arrests depending upon doses and treatment times in PC-3 cells. Comparatively, decursin was nontoxic to human prostate epithelial PWR-1E cells and showed only moderate growth inhibition and G1 arrest. Consistent with G1 arrest in DU145 cells, decursin strongly increased protein levels of Cip1/p21 but showed a moderate increase in Kip1/p27 with a decrease in cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK); CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, and cyclin D1, and inhibited CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, cyclin D1, and cyclin E kinase activity, and increased binding of CDK inhibitor (CDKI) with CDK. Decursin-caused cell death was associated with an increase in apoptosis (P < 0.05-0.001) and cleaved caspase-9, caspase-3, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase; however, pretreatment with all-caspases inhibitor (z-VAD-fmk) only partially reversed decursin-induced apoptosis, suggesting the involvement of both caspase-dependent and caspase-independent pathways. These findings suggest the novel anticancer efficacy of decursin mediated via induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis selectively in human prostate carcinoma cells.
Implication of STAT3 Signaling in Human Colonic Cancer Cells during Intestinal Trefoil Factor 3 (TFF3) – and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor–Mediated Cellular Invasion and Tumor Growth
Authors: Christine Rivat , Sylvie Rodrigues , Erik Bruyneel , Geneviève Piétu , Amélie Robert , Gérard Redeuilh , Marc Bracke , Christian Gespach , Samir Attoub
Published: June 2022

Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 is overexpressed or activated in most types of human tumors and has been classified as an oncogene. In the present study, we investigated the contribution of the STAT3s to the proinvasive activity of trefoil factors (TFF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human colorectal cancer cells HCT8/S11 expressing VEGF receptors. Both intestinal trefoil peptide (TFF3) and VEGF, but not pS2 (TFF1), activate STAT3 signaling through Tyr705 phosphorylation of both STAT3α and STAT3β isoforms. Blockade of STAT3 signaling by STAT3β, depletion of the STAT3α/β isoforms by RNA interference, and pharmacologic inhibition of STAT3α/β phosphorylation by cucurbitacin or STAT3 inhibitory peptide abrogates TFF- and VEGF-induced cellular invasion and reduces the growth of HCT8/S11 tumor xenografts in athymic mice. Differential gene expression analysis using DNA microarrays revealed that overexpression of STAT3β down-regulates the VEGF receptors Flt-1, neuropilins 1 and 2, and the inhibitor of DNA binding/differentiation (Id-2) gene product involved in the neoplastic transformation. Taken together, our data suggest that TFF3 and the essential tumor angiogenesis regulator VEGF165 exert potent proinvasive activity through STAT3 signaling in human colorectal cancer cells. We also validate new therapeutic strategies targeting STAT3 signaling by pharmacologic inhibitors and RNA interference for the treatment of colorectal cancer patients.
Darbepoietin Alfa Potentiates the Efficacy of Radiation Therapy in Mice with Corrected or Uncorrected Anemia
Authors: Ning Shoucheng , Hartley Cynthia , Molineux Graham , Knox Susan J.
Published: June 2022

Darbepoietin alfa (DA) is a long-acting analogue of erythropoietin that has reduced receptor affinity and enhanced biological activity. Experiments were done to test the hypothesis that correction of anemia in tumor-bearing mice by DA would increase tumor oxygenation and potentiate radiation-induced tumor cell killing. A SCC VII tumor model was used to study tumor responses to fractionated radiation therapy in mice with anemia induced by total body irradiation. Administration of DA reduced the extent and duration of anemia and associated tumor hypoxia, protected the bone marrow cells and prevented the body weight loss from the effect of irradiation, and facilitated the recovery in a time-dependent manner, with the administration of DA prior to total body irradiation having the greatest protective effect. When combined with fractionated radiation therapy, DA increased the tumor growth delay time from 2.7 days for irradiation alone to 7.3 to 10.6 days for combination of DA and irradiation. The effect of DA on tumor responses to fractionated radiation therapy was observed when DA was given 18 to 4 days before starting radiation therapy, but DA was also equally effective as a radiosensitizer when given only 2 hours before fractionated irradiation therapy. Weekly dosing of DA was as efficacious for the enhancement of radiation responses of tumors as biweekly dosing. Similar results were obtained in the RIF-1 fibrosarcoma tumor model. These studies show that DA can effectively correct anemia in tumor-bearing mice and sensitize tumor cells to fractionated radiation therapy. Importantly, DA was also able to sensitize tumors to radiation in mice with uncorrected anemia and hypoxia, suggesting that the effect of DA on radiosensitivity was independent of these factors and a different mechanism of action may be responsible for this effect.
Association of Fetal Hormone Levels with Stem Cell Potential: Evidence for Early Life Roots of Human Cancer
Authors: Baik Inkyung , DeVito William J. , Ballen Karen , Becker Pamela S. , Okulicz William , Liu Qin , Delpapa Ellen , Lagiou Pagona , Sturgeon Susan , Trichopoulos Dimitrios , Quesenberry Peter J. , Hsieh Chung-Cheng
Published: June 2022

Intrauterine and perinatal factors have been linked to risk of childhood leukemia, testicular cancer, and breast cancer in the offspring. The pool of stem cells in target tissue has been suggested as a critical factor linking early life exposures to cancer. We examined the relation between intrauterine hormone levels and measurements of stem cell potential in umbilical cord blood. Cord blood donors were 40 women, ages ≥18 years, who delivered, from August 2002 to June 2003, a singleton birth after a gestation of at least 37 weeks. We assayed plasma concentrations of estradiol, unconjugated estriol, testosterone, progesterone, prolactin, sex hormone binding globulin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and IGF binding protein-3. For stem cell potential, we measured concentrations of CD34+ and CD34+CD38− cells and granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming unit (CFU-GM). We applied linear regression analysis and controlled for maternal and neonatal characteristics. We found strong positive associations between IGF-I and stem cell measures, 1 SD increase in IGF-I being associated with a 41% increase in CD34+ (P = 0.008), a 109% increase in CD34+CD38− (P = 0.005), and a 94% increase in CFU-GM (P = 0.01). Similar associations were observed for IGF binding protein-3. Among steroid hormones, estriol and testosterone were significantly positively associated with CD34+ and CFU-GM. These findings indicate that levels of growth factors and hormones are strongly associated with stem cell potential in human umbilical cord blood and point to a potential mechanism that may mediate the relationship between in utero exposure to hormones and cancer risk in the offspring.
Inhibition of Nuclear Translocation of Nuclear Factor-κB Contributes to 3,3′-Diindolylmethane-Induced Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Rahman KM Wahidur , Sarkar Fazlul H.
Published: June 2022

Dietary indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a natural compound present in vegetables of the genus Brassica, showed clinical benefits and caused apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Our laboratory and others have shown that I3C induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells mediated by inactivation of Akt and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. 3,3′-Diindolylmethane (DIM), a major in vivo acid-catalyzed condensation product of I3C, also showed some benefit in breast cancer. However, the precise molecular mechanism(s) by which DIM induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells has not been fully elucidated. Hence, we investigated whether DIM-induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells could also be mediated by inactivation of Akt and NF-κB. We found that DIM induces apoptotic processes in MCF10A derived malignant (MCF10CA1a) cell lines but not in nontumorigenic parental MCF10A cells. DIM specifically inhibits Akt kinase activity and abrogates the epidermal growth factor–induced activation of Akt in breast cancer cells, similar to those observed for I3C. We also found that DIM reduces phosphorylation of IκBα, an inhibitor of NF-κB. Our confocal microscopy study clearly showed that DIM blocks the translocation of p65, a subunit of NF-κB to the nucleus. DNA binding analysis and transfection studies with IκB kinase cDNA revealed that overexpression of IκB kinase mediates IκBα phosphorylation, which activates NF-κB, and this activation was completely abrogated by DIM treatment. Taken together, these results showed for the first time that the inactivation of Akt and NF-κB activity also plays important roles in DIM-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells, which seems to be more relevant to in vivo situations.
Differential Role of Transcription-Coupled Repair in UVB–Induced Response of Human Fibroblasts and Keratinocytes
Authors: D'Errico Mariarosaria , Teson Massimo , Calcagnile Angelo , Nardo Tiziana , De Luca Naomi , Lazzari Chiara , Soddu Silvia , Zambruno Giovanna , Stefanini Miria , Dogliotti Eugenia
Published: June 2022

Most solar radiation–induced skin cancers arise in keratinocytes. In the human epidermis, protection against cancer is thought to be mediated mainly by nucleotide excision repair (NER) of UVB-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, and by elimination of the damaged cells by apoptosis. NER consists of two subpathways: global genome repair (GGR) and transcription-coupled repair (TCR). Here, we investigate the impact of defects in NER subpathways on the cellular response to UVB-induced damage by comparing primary human keratinocytes and fibroblasts from normal, XP-C (GGR-defective), and CS-A (TCR-defective) individuals. We show that human keratinocytes are more resistant to UVB killing than fibroblasts and present higher levels of UVB-induced DNA repair synthesis due to a more efficient GGR. The CS-A defect is associated with a strong apoptotic response in fibroblasts but not in keratinocytes. Following an UVB dose of 1,000 J/m2, no p53-mediated transactivation of mdm2 is observed in CS-A fibroblasts, whereas the p53-mdm2 circuit is fully activated in CS-A keratinocytes. Thus, in fibroblasts, the signal for apoptosis originates from DNA photoproducts in the transcribed strand of active genes, whereas in keratinocytes, it is largely TCR-independent. This study shows that the response to UVB radiation is cell type–specific in humans and provides the first evidence that a deficiency in TCR has a different impact depending on the cell type. These findings have important implications for the mechanism of skin cancer protection after UVB damage and may explain the lack of skin cancer in patients with Cockayne syndrome.