bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Confronting Fluid Interpretation Challenges in Thin Laminated Sands with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance NMR Diffusion Maps
Authors: Ozobeme Charles C. , Gaafar Gamal R. , Altunbay M. Mehmet , Musa Faizah M.
Published: March 2016

The high prevalence of thin sand laminations in the Malay Basin is generally established and has the potential to unlock large resource volumes, not previously considered significant. Laminated sand intervals can sometimes have challenging fluid interpretation issues because of the masking of hydrocarbon response on resistivity logs. It is not uncommon to miss-out entirely on potentially producible hydrocarbon zones because of a failure to properly evaluate these laminated sands.

Fluid sampling may provide information on hydrocarbon types but there still remains the difficulty of establishing the interval limits of the hydrocarbon zones. The problem becomes more complicated when wells are drilled with oil based muds which has near similar response with the light formation oils in the Malay basin. In many cases, hydrocarbon zones are basically assumed to be in virgin state at the time of discovery, with single fluid contacts defining the reservoir fluid distribution. In fact, fluid sampling depths are often rationalised to one (1) or two (2) sample depths once the presence of hydrocarbon has been established. This simplistic assumption changes with turbidite systems, where laminated sends tend to compartmentalise gross reservoir sections with little indications on conventional logs.

In our case study, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) 2D diffusion maps have been used to confront some of the fluid interpretation challenges. The NMR diffusion data acquired at selected station-stop depths were compared with results from the In-situ Fluid Analyzer (IFA) tool for defining distinct cluster patterns of different fluid types.

The results of the fluid interpretation were not only informative on the type of formation fluids but provided a commonly overlooked observation of free water occurrence within gross hydrocarbon intervals. This presence of free water within hydrocarbon sand package raises the possibility of postaccumulation flushing or prior migration. This has significant bearings on both the resource and reserves assessments of the hydrocarbon sands.
Seismic Resolution and Detection: Myth Versus Reality
Authors: Pathak Ravi , Rajput Sanjeev , Yin Khor Yin , Ring Michael
Published: March 2016

Understanding seismic resolution is critical when trying to build accurate reservoir models by integration of data coming from different disciplines. Lack of low frequencies in seismic data makes it band limited that limits its uses only for structural model but its availability and areal coverage suggests that it has valuable information to constrain the reservoir model. Increasing resolution to double through deterministic inversion can be achieved whereas additional constraints are needed to further increase this resolution. Thus, it is paramount to improve the resolution of seismic and detection of reservoir and be able to identify reservoir thickness and extension as accurately as possible in order to build reliable reservoir model. In this study, the uncertainty in seismic resolution versus detection and quantification of rock properties are investigated in terms of seismic inversion.

The framework of improving seismic resolution presented in this study is based on integrating seismic and well data through seismic inversion. It considers reprocessing of seismic data for frequency enhancement, pre-conditioning, rock physics modelling, high quality well-to-seismic tie and wavelet extraction, low frequency modelling, stratigraphic grid definition, property proportion distribution, geostatistical variograms and lithology trends. A detailed method description is provided that has proven to have high stability. By using a series of simple examples it is demonstrated that understanding seismic resolution is challenging and significant efforts are needed to obtain a realistic reservoir image.

Under careful control of the seismic wavelet characteristics including phase, frequency and amplitude; and provided the noise level of the seismic data is sufficiently low; useful information can be extracted from high resolution seismic inversion derivatives. It can serve the purpose of detecting beds much thinner than the conventionally accepted detection limit. The results reveal that high resolution seismic is not necessarily the data with high detectability.

The novelty of this investigation is in the ability to improve seismic resolution and detection through robust deterministic and stochastic inversion to solve the most important problem on the ‘level of detail that one can see in seismic’. The observations made on real data leading to the idea of explaining seismic resolution and detection myth versus reality.
Technical Challenges and Considerations for Floating LNG Terminals
Authors: MOIGNE Sebastien LE , Chow (Michael) KEI Chee , Tin WONG Goke , Soo-Hong YANG , Wing (Keith) YEO Kee
Published: March 2016

Technical challenges and considerations for different aspects of floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) terminals are explained and solutions are compared. This paper considers design aspects of ship hull, LNG storage, safety, cargo transfer and station-keeping of the terminals. Drawing on experience from projects for LNG carriers (LNGCs), floating production, storage and offloading installations (FPSOs) and floating storage and regasification units (FSRUs), design considerations, analysis methods and standards of compliance are discussed. Engineering solutions are examined using published limits of operations or qualitative comparison of different technologies. The technical information presented in this analysis can be used at the early stages of an FLNG project to familiarize owners and operators with FLNG design concepts and to consider the field conditions.
The Deployment of the World's First Subsea Multiphase Compression System - Enabling Increased Recovery
Authors: Hjelmeland Mads , Torkildsen Bernt Helge
Published: March 2016

Subsea multiphase boosting and metering represent technologies which have been proven to provide increased recovery factors from subsea fields, and improved field development economics of projects. The experience from successful operation of subsea multiphase boosting system on a global scale has driven the next technology step - subsea multiphase compression. This paper describes the development, qualification and delivery of the world's first subsea multiphase gas compression system.

The development and qualification of the world's first subsea multiphase compressor system with no requirements for an upstream separation facility or an anti- surge system will be described. The compressor is a contra- rotating machine specifically designed for pressure boosting of unprocessed well stream. This unique configuration, developed in collaboration with several oil companies, allows for a compact and robust design that is easy to install by use of light intervention vessels, and is based on the well- proven design developed for subsea booster pumps.

The multiphase compressor is capable of handling high liquid contents without mechanical issues, with gas volume fractions typically in the range of 95%-100%. The application of a multiphase compressor in a subsea environment simplifies a subsea compression system significantly as there is no need for preprocessing. This enables deployment of simplified subsea systems at lower capital expenditure and field development costs. Another feature of the subsea multiphase compression system that will be described is the development of a high performance subsea process cooler. The cooler design is based on free convection to fulfill the design requirements to have a simple and robust system, as the cooler module is installed in a location with limited access for inspection, maintenance and repair.

The main driver in the development of the multiphase compressor was to increase recovery rates in subsea gas fields. The Gullfaks field, operated by Statoil, located in the North Sea, sees the first deployment in the world for subsea multiphase compression. Currently the recovery rate for Gullfaks South Brent is at 62%; however, it is foreseen that the recovery rate will increase to 74%, or by 22 million barrels of oil equivalent, by using the multiphase compression system and combined with low pressure production.
Developing New-Generation Disintegrable Material to Improve Efficiency of Multistage Fracturing Treatment in Cased-Hole Completions
Authors: Zhang Zhihui , Xu Zhiyue , Xu Yingqing , Allen Ryan
Published: March 2016

Plug-and-perf is the most commonly used method for multistage hydraulic fracturing treatments in North America Shale. To execute and finish a plug-and-perf job, coiled tubing, or stick pipe, is deployed into the wellbore to drill out the composite plugs to open the wellbore for production. The drillout operation carries a burden of planning and oversight, as well as the risk of stuck pipe. In an effort to eliminate those burdens and risks, scientists have developed revolutionary materials that could alter the plug-and-perf landscape. These materials, when exposed in the right environments, can predictably disintegrate providing for a simple, yet dependable solution to eliminate the drillout phase of plug-and-perf completions.

The implementation of a completely disintegrating plug represents a tremendous challenge to both design engineering and material development. The goal of the technology is to be a complete replacement product for composite plugs while still maintaining their primary benefits: flexible stage placement and full production potential through the inside diameter (ID) of the casing.

This paper outlines the research, design, and testing of the first 100-ksi rated material combined with a corrosion rate above 100 mg/cm2/hr. The mechanical properties and corrosion rates were characterized from room temperature to 300°F. The material functionality was investigated using Finite Elemental Analysis (FEA) models and stringently tested in laboratory configurations to determine its downhole performance. The results showed that the configuration gripped the ID of the casing without slipping or material degradation at 10,000-psi pressure rating. The benefits and considerations of introducing this advanced material are discussed for multistage fracturing in cased-holed applications.
Hydrodynamic Interaction Between Tension Leg Platform (TLP) and Semisubmersible in Close Proximity
Authors: Maimun Adi , Ismail Zulhusni Razin , Tofa M. Mobassher , Abyn Hassan
Published: March 2016

Motion analysis of offshore structures in close vicinity is critical for safe and effective operation. The objective of this article is to study the hydrodynamic motion of TLP and semisubmersible in close vicinity both experimentally and numerically. For experimental study, model tests have been conducted in UTM towing tank. In the experiment, it is quite difficult to model the mooring lines, so, springs have been used to provide the stiffness for the two floating models. The springs are attached diagonally to the bodies. Each model will be taut with a spring at each corner diagonally at 45 degree angle. The stiffness of each spring is equal, representing the stiffness for the horizontal plane motion. For numerical analysis, ANSYS-AQWA will be used. The same configuration of the model test will be replicated in the numerical analysis. The analysis will be done in time domain. Airy wave theory will be used for studying the effect of regular waves. The effects of wind and current will be ignored. In this article, the effect of TLP motion on the semisubmersible's hydrodynamic characteristics will be observed. The observation will be done by comparing the results of the interfacing effect with the hydrodynamic characteristics of single semisubmersible. Also, in this article, a noble truncation method will be proposed for more accurate model test that is going to be conducted in near future
Flow Induced Vibration for Design and Operation of Subsea Systems - State of the Art, Limitations and Potential Developments
Authors: Gharaibah Emad , Barri Mustafa , Tungen Rune
Published: March 2016

Mechanical vibration in Subsea Production Systems (SPS) can be induced by internal or external fluid structure interaction (FSI) through a complex process driven by numerous factors such as the piping geometry, flow conditions and fluid properties. The mechanical response of the SPS piping and components can lead to production interruption or fatigue failures, which have in turn significant economical and possibly environmental implications [3]. The existing data of failures and fatigue issues due to Flow Induced Vibration (FIV) in subsea installations is limited compared to topside. However, there have been a number of incidents with high level FIV recorded which resulted in production rate limitations and/or costly hardware solutions [6]. Subsequently, FIV has become a key requirement in the subsea design process in recent years – this is also driven by the increase of the production flow rates and the push towards SPS designs with reduced weight, size and cost.

Dedicated predictive models and tools for FIV are essential to enable a more sophisticated understanding of the production system mechanical response in advance of the actual product design and manifacturing. In the early phase of the SPS design, the FIV analysis includes screening and characterizing of potential vibration sources in the system and calculating the expected range of excitation frequency and source strengths. The characteristics of the sources will be used to ultimately predict the mechanical response associated with the flow induced excitation if the screening indicates FIV risks.

The screening approach used for subsea is based on the Guidelines for the Avoidance of Vibration Induced Fatigue Failure in Process Pipework (AVIFF) [1], which was initially developed for topside applications. This approach is conservative and in most cases it indicates high FIV risks and recommends a time consuming and costly Mechanical Response Analysis (MRA) to verify the risk. However, at present, there are no dedicated FIV standards for subsea installations apart from AVIFF.

The objective of this paper is to review the state-of-the-art for flow induced vibrations in subsea systems. The paper provides an overview of the basic physics of typical FIV sources, describes the screening and Likelihood Of Failure (LOF) approachs, and discusses the industrial standards used for SPS as well as the limitations of the existing analysis methodologies.

Note that the intention of this paper is neither to provide a best practice guide line for FIV risk assessment nor to provide an analysis methodology. Rather, it shall raise awareness of FIV in SPS installations, with the focus on the importance of developing tools and models to enable accurate evaluations and assessments of the risks with the goal of SPS CAPEX and OPEX reduction.
Dynamic Simulation for Berthing Problem between FSRU and LNGC in Waves
Authors: Nam B. W. , Sung H. G. , Hong S. Y. , Kim Y.
Published: March 2016

Berthing is a common marine operation frequently occuring in harbors and at open sea. It involves a moving vessel closely approaching a moored offshore structure or a pier from a far distance. During the berthing operation, the distance between the stationary structure and berthing vessel decreses continuously, resulting in increasing hydrodynamic interaction. In this study, the berthing problem between a FSRU and a LNGC was investigated by using three different numerical methods including dynamic simulation. At first, frequency-domain diffraction computations were carried out to study hydrodynamic interaction between two floaters in the berthing operation. With various relative positions, the effect of gap resonance and sheltering effect were discussed based on the frequency-domain solution. As the second numerical method, time-domain simulation using convolution integrals was used to simulate the berthing problem. The simulation results were directly compared with the model test data. The third numerical approach is dynamic simulation combined with direct fluid solver. In head sea condition, focus is made on the effect of the gap resonance on the wave forces and related motion responses during berthing operation. As for the quartering sea, the sheltering effect is mainly discussed with different berthing routes based on the dynamic simulation results.
TTR and Jumper Design Considerations for Well Bay Layout
Authors: Yen K. , Jin S. , Kiprawi F. , Teng Y.
Published: March 2016

A dry tree floating platform accommodates Top Tension Risers (TTRs) within the well bay in the center of the platform. The reservoir size dictates the number and size of TTRs required and determines the minimum well bay layout and size. In addition to the platform motions, the TTR and its connecting jumper motions, which occur due to environment loading, influence the minimum riser spacing in the well bay. An optimum well bay layout is a key component in the efficient design of a floating platform.

Because the TTRs and jumpers, supported by a floating platform, experience different dynamic responses, a range of dynamic analyses is required to assess the performance of the entire system. This study considers several different environmental conditions in the Asia Pacific region and performs dynamic analyses of riser systems and jumpers to create optimized well bay layouts for several small-scale Tension Leg Platforms (TLPs). Commercial and in-house design tools have been used in this study. The in-house tool is effective for quick sizing of well bays for conceptual studies.

It is observed that the TTR and jumper motions vary considerably with environmental conditions. The results from the in-house tool facilitates the dynamic analysis using commercial software. The results of this study demonstrate the influence of riser analysis for well bay layout and sizing; i.e. riser system motions should be estimated to a reasonable level of accuracy at an early design stage to facilitate effective detailed design of the topsides and floating platform.
Green Technologies for Offshore Industry
Authors: Roa Michael
Published: March 2016

Environmental technological innovations driven by the evolving regulatory landscape have the potential to provide performance solutions for the next generation of offshore vessels. Future historians may look back at the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, Annex VI (MARPOL) requirements as one of the most important pieces of maritime legislation passed. It sets in motion a series of requirements that change the way vessels are designed and operated. For all practical purposes, the offshore industry may be revolutionized by the confluence of Annex VI requirements which limit the amount of sulfur in fuel oil, limit the amount of nitrogen oxides emitted from the engine combustion process, and reduce CO2 emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels. The economics of alternative fuels such as LNG and the imperatives of operating in Emission Control Areas (ECA) are driving innovative vessel designs. Offshore vessel operators of the world can greatly benefit by adopting green technologies such as renewable energy, alternative fuels, hybrid propulsion and power generation plants, and advanced environmental systems. This paper will outline a number of emission pollutant driven and energy efficiency driven green ship technologies currently being adopted in offshore vessel design, and considers the opportunities this presents for future designs.
Sea Change Advances in Power and Automation will allow an Entire Oil and Gas Production Facility to be Built on the Seabed
Authors: Bugge Jan Ø , Storm-Johannessen Pål , Pretlove John
Published: March 2016

For decades, technology development in the marine oil and gas industry has focused on accessing reserves in ever more challenging locations – the Arctic, West of Shetland, in deep waters, in high pressure and high temperature reservoirs and so on. While this trend will certainly continue, economic and environmental concerns, and technology progress are driving efforts to maximize oil recovery, reduce operating and capital expenditure, simplify access and intervention, and extend field life. At the vanguard of this change are advanced subsea systems. Subsea technology has been around for a few decades, but the mission of oil companies is now to put an entire subsea "factory" on the sea floor, with no facilities topside. The technical challenges presented by this quest are formidable, but the payoff is enormous.

Title photo text: Locating oil and gas recovery and processing equipment on the seabed and eliminating topside facilities entirely has many advantages. What technology is needed to accomplish it? Shown is a concept for a subsea power hub and distribution.
Histological and Histochemical Methods - Theory and practice
Authors: Malatesta Manuela
Published: March 2016

Histological and Histochemical Methods by Professor John A. Kiernan is a classic in the histochemical literature since its first edition, in 1981.....
Intracystic Papillary Carcinoma of the Breast in a Male Patient
Authors: Hu Zishuo Ian , Liu Chengbao , Fisher Paul R. , Cohen Jules A.
Published: March 2016

We report a case of intracystic papillary carcinoma of the right breast in a 59-year old man presenting with bloody nipple discharge for 1 week prior to presentation. Mammography, ultrasonography, and core needle aspiration were consistent with intracystic papillary carcinoma. The patient underwent right simple mastectomy. Pathology was also consistent with low grade intracystic papillary carcinoma. The 21-gene assay revealed a recurrence score of 0, corresponding to a 3% risk of distant recurrence at 10 years. A patient did not receive chemotherapy or post-mastectomy radiotherapy. The patient was placed on tamoxifen and has been free of disease to date.
Optimized Prediction of Extreme Treatment Outcomes in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Misganaw Burook , Ahsen Eren , Singh Nitin , Baggerly Keith A. , Unruh Anna , White Michael A. , Vidyasagar M.
Published: March 2016

Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of death among female cancers. Front-line therapy for ovarian cancer is platinum-based chemotherapy. However, the response of patients is highly nonuniform. The TCGA database of serous ovarian carcinomas shows that ~10% of patients respond poorly to platinum-based chemotherapy, with tumors relapsing in seven months or less. Another 10% or so enjoy disease-free survival of three years or more. The objective of the present research is to identify a small number of highly predictive biomarkers that can distinguish between the two extreme responders and then extrapolate to all patients. This is achieved using the lone star algorithm that is specifically developed for biological applications. Using this algorithm, we are able to identify biomarker panels of 25 genes (of 12,000 genes) that can be used to classify patients into one of the three groups: super responders, medium responders, and nonresponders. We are also able to determine a discriminant function that can divide the entire patient population into two classes, such that one group has a clear survival advantage over the other. These biomarkers are developed using the TCGA Agilent platform data and cross-validated on the TCGA Affymetrix platform data, as well as entirely independent data from Tothill et al. The P-values on the training data are extremely small, sometimes below machine zero, while the P-values on cross-validation are well below the widely accepted threshold of 0.05.
La programación de contenidos propios en las radios universitarias españolas: Ondacampus, UPV Radio, Unirradio Jaén, Radio Universidad y RUAH
Authors: Peña Mónica Pérez Alaejos María , Martín-Valiente Marta , Hernández-Prieto Marina
Published: March 2016

El objetivo de este estudio es el de analizar las parrillas de programación de las emisoras de radio universitarias en el ámbito de la educación pública española, nacidas ya en el entorno de internet, para tratar de demostrar que sus contenidos son sobre todo de carácter educativo y cultural, acordes con el objetivo que persiguen dichas instituciones. Metodología. La investigación realizó un análisis de contenido de sus programaciones con una extensa ficha de variables que ha constituido la base del análisis posterior. Resultados. Este trabajo nos permite señalar la escasa diferencia en cuanto a contenidos novedosos, de servicio público y con nuevos formatos que tienen actualmente estas emisoras y el escaso uso que hacen de los recursos que les otorgan las TIC a la hora de diseñar y crear nuevos formatos. Conclusiones. También nos permite concluir que estas emisoras deberíanumentar la oferta de contenidos educativos y formativos, para posicionarse y diferenciarse de forma más clara de las radios privadas con programaciones generalistas o temáticas.
Cine europeo en lenguas de naciones sin estado y pequeñas naciones
Authors: Ledo Andión Margarita , López Gómez Antía María , Pérez Pereiro Marta
Published: March 2016

La reciente incorporación al dominio de la reflexión académica, de una denominación diversa: cine de pequeñas naciones, identitario, en lenguas minoritarias/minorizadas. La reconceptualización del término cine nacional, síntoma de la multiplicidad de prácticas de lenguas todavía supervivientes. Y un abordaje de la política comunitaria en dos vertientes: lingüística y cinematográfica, serán nuestros asuntos. Metodología. Esto último nos emplaza en las acciones relativas a la VO y VOS, y en la difícil transformación política de asuntos culturales, identitarios e ideológicos, fraguados en extensos períodos, que exceden la constitución de la Unión. Su abordaje político en la Carta Europea de las Lenguas Regionales o Minoritarias, o en una Comunicación de la Comisión de Cultura y Educación al Parlamento, es siempre escaso y paradójico. Resultados y Discusión. Finalmente, se acometen las condiciones de confrontación de la política comunitaria, con políticas recientes a pie de territorio, concretamente, los casos de Galicia, Gales, Finlandia.
STUDY OF LEVER-ARM EFFECT USING EMBEDDED PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND ON-BOARD GPS RECEIVER ON UAV FOR METROLOGICAL MAPPING PURPOSE AND PROPOSAL OF A FREE GROUND MEASUREMENTS CALIBRATION PROCEDURE
Authors: Daakir M. , Pierrot-Deseilligny M. , Bosser P. , Pichard F. , Thom C. , Rabot Y.
Published: March 2016

Abstract. Nowadays, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) on-board photogrammetry knows a significant growth due to the democratization of using drones in the civilian sector. Also, due to changes in regulations laws governing the rules of inclusion of a UAV in the airspace which become suitable for the development of professional activities. Fields of application of photogrammetry are diverse, for instance: architecture, geology, archaeology, mapping, industrial metrology, etc. Our research concerns the latter area. Vinci-Construction- Terrassement is a private company specialized in public earthworks that uses UAVs for metrology applications. This article deals with maximum accuracy one can achieve with a coupled camera and GPS receiver system for direct-georeferencing of Digital Surface Models (DSMs) without relying on Ground Control Points (GCPs) measurements. This article focuses specially on the lever-arm calibration part. This proposed calibration method is based on two steps: a first step involves the proper calibration for each sensor, i.e. to determine the position of the optical center of the camera and the GPS antenna phase center in a local coordinate system relative to the sensor. A second step concerns a 3d modeling of the UAV with embedded sensors through a photogrammetric acquisition. Processing this acquisition allows to determine the value of the lever-arm offset without using GCPs.
Effect of cutting speed parameters on the surface roughness of Al5083 due to recrystallization
Authors: Rezvani Elias , Ghayour Hamid , Kasiri Masoud
Published: March 2016

Abstract. In the present study, the effect of machining parameters and recrystallization on surface quality of Al5083 has been investigated. In order to achieve minimum surface roughness of aluminum 5083 samples, statistical test design method of "full factorial" was used. In order to achieve the phenomenon of recrystallization, aluminum 5083 samples were set under 50 % cold rolling mechanical operations. Then, the rolled samples were annealed for 2.5 to 240 min at 250 °C. The stress-strain curves were obtained from tensile tests. Then, dry machining was carried out on the original and crystallized samples under the same conditions. Results of surface roughness, tensile, and microstructure tests indicated the reduction of surface roughness in the crystallized sample.
Remarks on Utopia in the Age of Climate Change
Authors: Robinson Kim Stanley
Published: March 2016

Kim Stanley Robinson gives an account of his utopian novels and evaluates the current moment for its utopian potential and utopian opportunities.
Spring Creek Representative and Experimental Watershed Project
Authors: Hillman Graham , Rothwell Richard
Published: March 2016

The Spring Creek Representative and Experimental Watershed Project was initiated in 1965 to understand the effects of land-use conversion from boreal forest to agricultural land on mid-size watersheds typical to northern Alberta. The initial project was deactivated in 1986 and the treatment was never completed. In 1991, Daishowa-Marubeni International Ltd. and the Alberta Department of Environmental Protection restarted the project with new objectives to determine the hydrologic effects of aspen harvesting and the hydrologic recovery of water yield post-harvest. The impacts of basin morphology and forest harvesting on water quality were also investigated. The objectives of this manuscript are to summarize the novel results and data collected for this project.
Tri-Creeks Experimental Watershed
Authors: Sterling George , Goodbrand Amy , Spencer Sheena A.
Published: March 2016

Tri-Creeks Experimental Watershed was initiated to compare the effects of logging and riparian buffers in three subbasins (Wampus, Deerlick, and Eunice Creeks) and to evaluate the effectiveness of timber harvesting ground rules in protecting fisheries and water resources. The watershed study was terminated in 1985 shortly after the harvest. In 2015, the University of Alberta re-established groundwater monitoring, hydrometric, and meteorological stations in Tri-Creeks Experimental watershed. Future research will utilize the 20-year historic data set and current data to study the the effect of forest cover change on the streamflow regime and fish populations. The objective of this paper is to summarize the novel results and available data from 1965–1987 for the Tri-Creeks Experimental Watershed.
Germination and establishment of natural red spruce (Picea rubens) seedlings in silvicultural gaps of different sizes
Authors: Dumais Daniel , Prévost Marcel
Published: March 2016

Red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) is difficult to regenerate from natural seeding following silvicultural treatment. In order to study its germination and establishment, we monitored the dynamics of new seedlings over 10 years in silvicultural gaps of different sizes (small: < 100 m2, medium: 100–300 m2, large: > 700 m2). Seedling density was higher in small gaps but survival rate did not exceed 40%, leaving few live seedlings after 10 years (< 200 ha-1). Mounds were the best microtopography for seedlings. Our results confirm the important role of decaying wood and moss for understory germination and establishment. Decaying wood was important for the establishment in large gaps while humus was more favourable in medium gaps. In small gaps, germinants and established seedlings were found as much on moss as humus and decaying wood. However, low observed densities suggest that planting in small or medium gaps should be explored for accelerating species renewal, especially if advance regeneration is deficient.
Validated Stability-Indicating RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Determination of Clorsulon and Ivermectin Employing Plackett-Burman Experimental Design for Robustness Testing
Authors: Saad Ahmed S , Ismail Nahla S , Soliman Marwa , Zaazaa Hala E
Published: March 2016

A sensitive and highly selective stability-indicating gradient HPLC method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of clorsulon (CLO) and ivermectin (IVM) in the presence of their degradation products. The drugs were subjected to different stress conditions, including acid and alkaline hydrolysis, oxidative, thermal, and photolytic forced degradation. The robustness of the proposed method was assessed using the Plackett-Burman experimental design, the factors affecting system performance were defined, and nonsignificant intervals for the significant factors were determined. The separation was carried out on a ZORBAX SB phenyl analytical column (250 × 4.6 mm id, 5 μm particle size), with gradient elution utilizing 10 mM sodium dihydrogen phosphate and acetonitrile as mobile phase. UV detection was performed for CLO and IVM at 254 nm over a concentration range of 4–140 and 5–50 μg/mL, respectively, with mean percentage recoveries of 99.90 ± 1.30 and 98.59 ± 1.16%, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to a pharmaceutical dosage form containing the investigated drugs. The results were statistically compared with the official HPLC methods, and no significant differences were found.
Telenovelaen - introduktion til en genre
Authors: Tufte Thoma
Published: March 2016

Telenovelaen er den genre, der betyder mest for TV-seere i Brasilien og

som har det største publikum. Genren har eksisteret i TV siden 60´erne

og selvom novelaen har gennemgået en udvikling de sidste 30 år, er

grundtrækkene stadig de samme. Thomas Tufte beskriver her genrens

udvikling i retning af et hverdagsnært melodrama med historier om kær-

lighed og social opstigning og "almindelige" mennesker som hovedper-

soner. Han analyserer telenovelaens dramaturgi og diskuterer de ind-

holdselementer, der rummer en særlig fascination for det latinamerikan-

ske publikum i form af identifikationsmuligheder og genkendelighed. End-

elig beskrives genrens særlige kendetegn i forhold til de Nordamerikan-

ske soap-operas og Thomas Tufte illustrerer, hvordan kulturelle strenge,

der fører ud i den latinamerikanske politiske og sociale virkelighed, slås

an i telenovelaerne. Artiklen blev præsenteret som paper ved Nordisk

Konference for Massekommunikationsforskning i Trondheim, Norge,

august 1993.
Drømmefabrikken
Authors: Grisolli Paulo Affonso
Published: March 2016

Som mangeårig producent af telenovelaer både i Brasilien og Portugal,

kender Grisolli alle sider af telenovelaen: Novelaen som de fattiges drøm

om rigdom og succes, novelaen som et redskab i TV-kanalernes kamp

om seerne, som exportvare, som glansbillede under det brasillianske dik-

tatur, som industriprodukt og som politisk igangsætter. I denne artikel be-

skriver Grisolli sine erfaringer med gode og dårlige sider af telenovela-

fascinationen i Latinamerika og præsenterer en ny genre, som er på vej

frem i Brasilien, mini-serien. Artiklen er Grisollis foredrag på Folkekirkens

Nødhjælps Konference om TV og Video i Latinamerika, november 1992.
Et eksempel på alternativ videoproduktion: Maxambomba i Brasilien
Authors: Ceccon Claudius
Published: March 2016

Claudius Ceccon beskriver et konkret eksempel på alternativ video-

produktion, nemlig det brasilianske selskab CECIP, senere omdøbt

til TV Maxambomba. Han giver et rids af de sociale og politiske for-

hold i det lokalområde i Rio de Janeiro, Nova Iguacu, hvor selskabet

holder til, og vanskelighederne ved denne form for produktion. Idéen

bag de alternative videoproduktioner er at skabe en modvægt til de alt-

dominerende brasilianske TV-stationer, som efter forfatterens mening

ikke fremstiller alle sider af den brasilianske virkelighed. Artiklen er

skrevet til MedieKultur.
Kommunikativ intentionalitet i radio og fjernsyn
Authors: Scannell Paddy
Published: March 2016

Den engelske medieforsker Paddy Scannell har i en årrække arbejdet

på et stort projekt om radio og TV´s socialhistorie og i særlig grad været

interesseret i en sociologisk analyse af programmer (se omtale af hans

seneste bog i anmeldelsessektionen). Som sådan repræsenterer han en

modgående tendens til receptionsanalysen og "Cultural Studies"- traditi-

onen, der længe har domineret engelsk medieforskning. På opfordring af

MedieKulturs redaktion præciserer Paddy Scannell her de teoretiske

overvejelser, der ligger bag hans mediesociologiske arbejde. Radio- og

TV-programmer skal opfattes og analyseres som en type social interak-

tion, der nok har egne karakteristika, men principielt ikke er forskellig fra

andre typer af kommunikativ interaktion. Centralt i analysen står den gen-

sidige relation mellem afsender og modtager, der teoretisk kan belyses

gennem begrebet om kommunikativ intentionalitet. Oversættelse fra eng-

elsk ved Stig Hjarvard.
Mellem lyst og pligt: Filmkultur og filmkritik i Danmark
Authors: Schepelern Peter
Published: March 2016

Filmen står måske i dag for de fleste, som det af de audiovisuelle medier

der er tættest på at repræsentere kunsten. Men sådan har det ikke altid

været. Som alle nye medier måtte filmen først igennem en lang historisk

fase, hvor den nærmest blev betragtet som en trussel mod kulturen, indtil

den i dag er blevet en statsbeskyttet filmkultur. I denne artikel skriver Peter

Schepelern oplagt og underholdende om den danske filmkulturs udvikling

fra skadelig kultur til kunst, og samtidig fortæller han historien om kritikken

og teorierne om filmen fra starten til i dag i lyset af de store ideologiske og

kulturelle bevægelser og i relation til de andre kunstarter. Hans konklusion

er, at filmen i dag har erhvervet respektabilitet i det etablerede kulturlivs

øjne, men stadigvæk ikke har fået ligestilling.
Film og TV-produktion i USA og Danmark
Authors: Nielsen Poul Erik
Published: March 2016

Med baggrund i den amerikanske film og TV-industris historie diskuterer

Poul Erik Nielsen i denne artikel de produktionelle og organisatoriske for-

hold og sammenholder dette med den forandringsproces dansk film film

og TV-dramatik står midt i. Han fremhæver centrale forskelle mellem det

amerikanske og danske system men argumenterer for nædvendigheden

af at etablere et samarbejde mellem film og TV-branchen i Danmark, hvis

man vil sikre en national filmproduktion og populærkulturel TV-dramatik

med bred gennemslagskraft i forhold til publikum.
Visuel "læsefærdighed": En teoretisk sammenfatning
Authors: Messaris Paul
Published: March 2016

Kognitions- og neurovidenskaben har i de senere år givet inspiration

til en fornyet interesse inden for film- og medieforskningen for menne-

skets grundlæggende evne til at percipere og forstå visuel kommuni-

kation. I denne artikel tager Paul Messaris udgangspunkt i kognitions-

forskningen og de empiriske studier, der foreligger på området. Forfat-

teren argumenterer på den baggrund mod den udbredte antagelse, at

evnen til at forstå visuel kommunikation kræver kendskab til et sæt af

figurative konventioner - et særligt "sprog", som skal tillæres. Tvært-

imod synes evnen til at forstå visuel kommunikation at hænge sammen

med generelle kognitive evner og erfaring fra den virkelige virkelighed.

Oversættelse ved Gunhild Wernblad.
Fra Glasnost til gennemskuelighed. Aktuelle tendenser og perspektiver i mediebilledet i sammenslutningen af uafhængige stater (SNG)
Authors: Gratchev Andrei
Published: March 2016

I opbrudsperioden efter 1987 var de sovjetiske massemedier medvirk-

ende til at skabe åbenhed og transparens - glasnost. Pressen var med

til at understøtte de progressive kræfters kamp for at åbne det lukkede

system. Men i det ny Rusland er åbenheden og den frie debat i medierne

hurtigt blev afløst af overdreven politisering og økonomisk pression. Tæk-

kes man ikke magthaverne, såvel de politiske som de økonomisk, står

eksistensen på spil. I stedet for udenlandske opkøb af de russiske medier

foreslår Andrei Gratchev etablering af europæisk støttede, uafhængige

udviklingsfonde som et middel til at sikre de russiske massemediers poli-

tiske frihed og uafhængighed.

Artiklen bygger på et foredrag professor Gratchev holdt ved Medieud-

valgets internationale høring om Mediekoncentration i København, juni

1995.
Lyden af ny dansk film - analyser af forholdet mellem audiovisuel stil og filmoplevelse i "Pelle Erobreren", "Nattevagten", "Pusher" og "Breaking the Waves"
Authors: Langkjær Birger
Published: March 2016

Filmlyd er et sjældent aspekt i filmanalyser; En æstetisk dimension, som

Birger Langkjær i denne artikel viser betydningen af. Forfatteren argumen-

terer for, at en ny stil- og genrebevidsthed har indfundet sig i nyere danske

film og har ændret forestillingerne om, hvordan film bør lyde. Hvor reallyde-

ne (og virkeligheden) i Augusts "Pelle Erobreren" får det sidste ord, udfor-

drer "Nattevagten", "Pusher" og "Breaking the Waves" på hver deres måde

den klassiske realismetradition, såvel i lyd som i billeder. Ved at tvinge os til

en langt mere aktiv, intens og undertiden ubehagelig måde at opleve på,

bryder disse film med vore perceptoriske vanehandlinger og sætter tilsku-

eren i centrum, argumenterer forfatteren.
Det tavse sprog
Authors: Ingemann Bruno
Published: March 2016

Artiklen fokuserer på avisens layout - eller mere præcist: På avisens

visuelle udtryk. Tekst ses først som et billede. Teksten er visuel og der-

med indgår den sammen med fotografier og tegninger i et samlet hele,

der organiseres som et billede. Det er dette helhedsbillede artiklen prøver

at forankre teoretisk og metodisk med henblik på at vise, hvordan det er

muligt at analysere avisens visuelle udtryk.
Bill Davis og den fiktive erindring
Authors: Magnussen Anne
Published: March 2016

Tegneserier består af billeder og tekst, der indgår i komplekse mønstre i

formidlingen af en historie. Anne Magnussen argumenterer i denne artikel

for, at en simpel opdeling i ikoniske og konventionelle tegn langtfra er til-

strækkelig i beskrivelsen af tegneseriers semiotiske kompleksitet. Hun

foreslår i stedet C. S. Peirce's semiotik og dennes opdeling i ikoniske,

indeksikalske og symbolske tegn som teoretisk og metodologisk ramme

for analysen af tegneserier. I en analyse af den spanske tegneserie “Det

Ufølsomme Ansigt” af Fernando de Felipe og Oscaraibar anvendes det

Peirceanske tegn til beskrivelse af betydningsdannelsen i og imellem

tegneseriens heterogene tegn og imellem tegneserien som fiktiv tekst

og den sociale virkelighed.
Tilbage til virkeligheden: en undersøgelse af danske unges reklamesmag
Authors: Thorup John
Published: March 2016

Siden slutningen af 1980'erne har ungdomsreklamen været præget af en

brudsæstetik - ungdomsreklamer har undfordret dominerende moralfore-

stillinger, klassiske kropsidealerog konventielle fortælleformer. Det antages

ofte i reklamebranchen og i ungdomsforskningen, at disse reklamer er ud-

tryk for en tidstypisk ungdommelig smag. Men kan de unge overhovedet

lide brudreklamerne? Forfatteren har interviewet20 unge københavnere

om deres reklamesmag, og analyserne peger på, at informanterne fore-

trækker reklamer, hvor fortælling og æstetik er mere traditionel end i brud-

reklamen, dvs. danske reklamer der fortæller historier om det senmoder-

nes kompleksitet. Ifølge forfatteren indikerer resultatet, at vi må forstå for-

holdet mellem unge og reklame anderledes, end vi gør idag.
Livsstil som tv-underholdning
Authors: Christensen Christa Lykke
Published: March 2016

Livsstilsprogrammer har siden slutningen af 1990’erne domineret programfladen i den tidlige prime time på de danske public service-kanaler DR og TV 2. Dermed er emner, som figurerer i bl.a. magasiner og ugeblade, massivt rykket ind på tv’s sendeflade. Bolig, have, mad, ferie, krop og sundhed er indholdet i programmer, der både vil informere, give gode råd og underholde seerne. Artiklen fokuserer på underholdningsdimensionen i tre kategorier af livsstilsprogrammer og undersøger elementer, der kan tænkes at fremme motivationen for at se dem. Her lægges vægten på hhv. vidensperspektivets kompetenceaspekt og livsstilsbegrebets imaginative muligheder i relation til drømmen om ’det gode liv’ og ønsket om den forjættende forandring. Artiklen diskuterer endvidere, hvorledes public service-fjernsynet med disse livsstilsprogrammer har suppleret dets oplysende funktion med en opdaterende funktion, og hvordan dets tidligere kulturelt dannende funktion i kraft af disse programmers karakter af manual kan opfattes som en slags livsstilsguide i forhold til markedets forbrugsmuligheder.

Lifestyle as TV entertainment

Since the late 1990s lifestyle programmes have dominated early prime time on the Danish public service channels, DR and TV 2. For this reason topics that have traditionally figured in magazines extensively have entered television programming. House, garden, vacation, body, and health form the content of programmes which aim to both inform, advise and entertain viewers. The article primarily focuses on the aspects of entertainment in three main lifestyle categories and is concerned with elements that might promote viewers’ motivation for watching such programmes. Importance is attached to the competence aspect of knowledge and to the imaginative possibilities connected to the idea of lifestyle, related to daydreams, ideas of ‘the good life’, and a desire for promising change. Furthermore, the article discusses how public service has supplemented the educational function with a function of updating, and how the previous cultural educative function has changed with lifestyle programming in as far as this programming has a more instrumental character and may be regarded as a manual and guide to lifestyle related to the market.
Is a profile in social software a learning e-portfolio? If not, could any benefits be found from linking the two?
Authors: Agerbæk Lise
Published: March 2016

This article compares learning e-portfolios with profiles in social software environments (like Facebook, MySpace and LinkedIn). The similarities are that both are forums for self representation. The difference between the two is that the self will be represented for different purposes. In the social profile the purpose is to be one among a crowd (whether this crowd is a group of friends or a group of professionals). You can express yourself only through the ways the software deems important. In e-portfolios the purpose is to “show and tell” competences and growth – and to express this in free text and visual fashioning. This is difficult in existing social software. In an e-portfolio the way you represent yourself shows a communicative competence.

Should educational institutions then ignore or even ban the use of profiles? The article suggests a way in which they might benefit from a double strategy: Firstly through employment of a programme of learning e-portfolios (Qvortrup, Lund, Ellmin) to enable and empower the pupils/students as learners. In the literature on e-portfolios one of the main conclusions is that reflecting on learning enables the learner to understand and appreciate own competences. Secondly, the strategy is to enable the student to benefit from social software ability to establish relations – and to focus on the competence of creating and maintaining professional relationships.

This strategy is beneficial because it addresses a problem often encountered when employing a program of e-portfolios. The students feel no “inner need” to fill them out. They do not view the e-portfolio as a means of persuading their readers – possibly because they are, through the e-portfolio, talking to an unknown audience. The e-portfolio is here discussed as rhetorical discourse focusing of Lhoyd Bitzer’s concept of the rhetorical situation. The one thing lacking in establishing a true rhetorical situation in Bitzer’s sense is the presence of “specific persons”, the speaker is addressing.

Linking e-portfolios to social software makes the creation of the e-portfolio a personal issue – you are talking to your contacts/friends. The article finishes by exhibiting an example of a double programme as described above at a programme for Multimedia Designers at LILLEBAELT Academy of Professional Higher Education.