bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A macroanatomic, morphometric and comparative investigation on skeletal system of the geese growing in Kars region II; Skeleton appendiculare
Authors: KIRBAŞ DOĞAN Gülseren , TAKCI İsmet
Published: October 2020

The aim of this study was to comparatively, morphometrically and macroanatomically investigate skeleton appendiculare. Atotal of 24 goose cadavers were used. Scapula length was 107.31 ± 1.05 mm in female geese; it was 116.63 ± 0.65 mm in male geese.While the length of the os coracoideum was 78.5 ± 0.6 mm in female geese; it was detected as 87 ± 0.8 mm in male geese. The claviculalength was 66.90 ± 0.71 mm in female geese and it was 73.39 ± 0.59 mm in male geese and it was determined that both claviculashaped furcula with a distinct curvature. While the length of the humerus in female geese was 175.02 ± 1.59 mm; it was measured as191.28 ± 1.44 mm in male ones. While the mean ulna height was 162.60 ± 1.26 mm in female geese; it was determined as 178.84 ± 0.83mm in male geese. The mean radius length was measured as 154.20 ± 1.63 mm in female geese, it was 169.75 ± 1.31 mm in male geese.It was detected that os carpi radiale was in a triangular shape, os carpi ulnare was in the form of a pipe. It was determined that theheight of carpometacarpus was 94.57 ± 0.75 mm in female geese; 100.95 ± 1.03 mm was in male geese. Pelvis length was measured as154.27 ± 1.81 mm in female geese; it was 169.91 ± 1.68 mm in male geese. While femur length was detected as 86.85 ± 0.98 mm infemale geese; it was 93.87 ± 1.12 mm in male geese. While tibiotarsus length was 160.94 ± 1.88 mm in female geese; it was 174.20 ±1.28 mm in male ones. While the tarsometatarsus length was 93.15 ± 1.19 mm in female geese; it was measured as 101.64 ± 0.88 mmin male geese. As a result, in this study, thought that obtained findings will contribute in scientific research, evaluations of sexualdimorphism, zooarchaeological studies and operations on poultry animals.
COMPREENSÃO MISSIOLÓGICA DA COVID-19
Authors: Dias Marcelo , Ramirez-Johnson Johnny
Published: October 2020

A pandemia do novo coronavírus forçou as igrejas cristãs ao redor do mundo a revisitar sua autocompreensão fundamental e suas atividades. Por meio de lentes etnográficas, os pesquisadores analisaram reações e adaptações em face da covid-19 por parte de líderes religiosos do sul da Califórnia, Estados Unidos. Tendo um dos autores como participante-observador, o artigo inclui um estudo de caso da Igreja Adventista do Sétimo Dia Glendale City Church (GCC). Baseado no conceito de interseccionalidade, um quadro teórico para a compreensão de como as identidades e experiências combinadas de uma pessoa podem gerar vantagens e desvantagens, o artigo propõe a primazia da lógica epistêmica do amor segundo 1 Coríntios 13. Diante desse cenário, qual seria a compreensão missiológica apropriada da covid-19?
ESTRESSE, TRANSTORNOS MENTAIS NÃO-PSICÓTICOS E EXPECTATIVA DE VIDA EM ALUNOS DE CURSOS SUPERIORES NOTURNOS
Authors: Ninahuaman Sámara Lopes , Andrade Vilma Cristina Gomes de , Ninahuaman Maria Fernanda Melo Lopes , Silva Ivone Corsi da , Monteiro Maria Angélica , Abdala Gina Andrade
Published: October 2020

O estresse é uma reação natural que equilibra o funcionamento do corpo humano. Quando experimentado além do limite, provoca exaustão física e emocional, que podem estar associadas aos transtornos mentais não-psicóticos e diminuir a expectativa de vida. Este foi um estudo transversal e quantitativo que investigou a relação entre o estresse, os transtornos mentais não-psicóticos e a expectativa de vida, como uma relação entre a idade cronológica e biológica, de 45 universitários, com idades entre 18 e 55 anos, de seis cursos noturnos de um centro universitário da zona sul de São Paulo. Utilizou-se o Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para adultos de Lipp, o Self Reporting Questionnaire e o Teste de Idade Biológica. Os resultados mostraram que 64% dos participantes apresentaram estresse. Na fase de resistência, a prevalência foi de 72%, na de quase exaustão, 24%, a maioria (93%), com sintomas psicológicos. Quanto ao teste para transtornos mentais não-psicóticos, a prevalência foi de 42% com sintomas positivos. A expectativa de vida estava boa para 67% dos universitários.
Revisión de la discusión actual sobre la Covid-19 en el ámbito del pensamiento social
Authors: Maya-Ambía Carlos J.
Published: October 2020

El artículo analiza la discusión más reciente sobre la Covid-19 por parte de pensadores sociales de diversos países con el fin de aclarar algunas importantes preguntas acerca de las causas, los efectos y las perspectivas de la pandemia. La revisión realizada muestra que la globalización neoliberal ha facilitado la aparición de la pandemia y ha mermado la capacidad de los Estados nacionales para enfrentar el problema. Lo primero, porque tal globalización ha impulsado la destrucción de la biodiversidad. Lo segundo, porque las políticas neoliberales han debilitado durante años al sector salud, incluso en los países de mayor desarrollo. Es por ello que la única forma de evitar futuras pandemias con efectos como los que estamos presenciando es cambiar radicalmente nuestros patrones de producción y de consumo, respetando a la naturaleza y frenando su explotación irresponsable. En el texto se esbozan los escenarios posibles en el futuro, de acuerdo con tres tipos de posturas, las pesimistas, las optimistas y las cautelosas, todas ellas con fundamentos que merecen ser discutidos. Finalmente, se presentan los aprendizajes que ha traído la pandemia y que deben tomarse en consideración antes de emprender cualquier intento de modelar el futuro.

En el texto se esbozan los escenarios posibles en el futuro, de acuerdo con tres tipos de posturas, las pesimistas, las optimistas y las cautelosas. Todas ellas con fundamentos que merecen ser discutidos. Finalmente se presentan los aprendizajes que ha traído la pandemia y que deben tomarse en consideración antes de emprender cualquier intento de modelar el futuro.
Development and validation of the Iranian version of the Patient Privacy and Confidentiality Scale
Authors: Movafegh Fatemeh , Abbaszadeh Abbas , Rassouli Maryam , Lotfi Mohammad Sajjad , Nasiri Malihe , Mokhlesi Samira
Published: October 2020

The aim of this study was to develop and psychometrically validate the Iranian scale of patient privacy and confidentiality. This methodological study was conducted in two stages: first, a conventional content analysis was used to qualitatively identify concepts of privacy and confidentiality. Then, the face validity, content validity, and construct validity were assessed. Internal consistency coefficient and total consistency were checked. KMO and Bartlett’s test were used to examine thequestionnaire for factor analysis. EFA identified seven factors that accounted for 55.25% of the total variance in the questionnaire score. The total Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0.84 for the whole instrument. The Spearman reliability coefficient of the instrument was 0.91 using the test–retest method.The final Iranian version of the Patient Privacy and Confidentiality Scale can be used as a valid and reliable instrument to measure the rate of observation of patient privacy and confidentiality.
Application of Machine Learning for Quality Control of Noise Attenuation Processes in Seismic Data Imaging
Authors: Mejri Mohamed , Mejri Aymen , Bekara Maiza
Published: October 2020

Seismic imaging is the main technology used for subsurface hydrocarbon prospection. It provides an image of the subsurface using the same principles as ultrasound medical imaging. It is based on emitting a sound (pressure) wave through the subsurface and recording the reflected echoes using hydrophones (pressure sensors) and/or geophones (velocity/acceleration sensors). Contrary to medical imaging, which is done in real time, subsurface seismic imaging is an offline process that involves a huge volume of data and needs considerable computing power. The raw seismic data are heavily contaminated with noise and unwanted reflections that need to be removed before further processing. Therefore, the noise attenuation is done at an early stage and often while acquiring the data. Quality control (QC) is mandatory to give confidence in the denoising process and to ensure that a costly data re-acquisition is not needed. QC is done manually by humans and comprises a major portion of the cost of a typical seismic processing project. It is therefore advantageous to automate this process to improve cost and efficiency. Here, we propose a supervised learning approach to build an automatic QC system. The QC system is an attribute-based classifier that is trained to classify three types of filtering (mild = underfiltering, noise remaining in the data; optimal = good filtering; harsh = overfiltering, the signal is distorted). The attributes are computed from the data and represent geophysical and statistical measures of the quality of the filtering. The system is tested on a full-scale survey (9000 km2) to QC the results of the swell noise attenuation process in marine seismic data. The results are encouraging and helped identify localized issues that were difficult for a human to spot.
ROS and NO Regulation by Melatonin Under Abiotic Stress in Plants
Authors: Pardo-Hernandez Miriam , Lopez-Delacalle Maria , Rivero Rosa M
Published: October 2020

Abiotic stress in plants is an increasingly common problem in agriculture, and thus, studies on plant treatments with specific certain compounds that may help to mitigate these effects have increased in recent years Melatonin (MET) application and its role in mitigating the negative effects of abiotic stress in plants have become important in the last few years. MET, a derivative of tryptophan, is an important plant-related response molecule involved in the growth, development, and reproduction of plants, and the induction of different stress factors. In addition, MET plays a protective role against different abiotic stresses such as salinity, high/low temperature, high light, waterlogging, nutrient deficiency and stress combination by regulating both the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems. Also, MET interacts with many signaling molecules, among these, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO), and participates in a wide variety of physiological reactions. It is well known that NO produces S-nitrosylation and NO2-Tyr of important antioxidant-related proteins, being this an important mechanism for maintaining the antioxidant capacity of the AsA/GSH cycle under nitro-oxidative conditions, being extensively reviewed here under different abiotic stress conditions. Lastly, in this review, we show the coordination between NO and MET as a long-range signaling molecule, regulating many responses in plants, including plant growth and abiotic stress tolerance. Despite all the knowledge acquired over the years, there is still more to know about how MET and NO act on tolerance to abiotic stresses.
Feeding and Pore Formation in Semisolid Metal Casting
Authors: Jarfors Anders E. W. , Zhang Qing , Jonsson and Stefan
Published: October 2020

Semisolid casting can provide excellent castings, but the nature of the pore-forming mechanisms has not been properly clarified. In the current communication, it was suggested that hydrogen precipitated during slurry making might have a decisive role in the formation of both gas and shrinkage porosity. Intensive stirring at the end of the slurry making process may act as a degassing step. Without the intense stirring, structures of primary slurry particles form around the hydrogen pores, strongly affecting pore formation and feeding during the intensification stage.
Multiple Linear Regression, its Statistical Analysis and Application in Energy Efficiency
Authors: Mostafa Fahad
Published: October 2020

In this project, we use a statistical multiple regression to study the impact of eight various predictors (relative compactness, surface area, wall area, roof area, overall height, orientation, glazing area, glazing area distribution) to estimate the cooling load energy efficiency of residential buildings. We try to analyze and visualize the effect of each predictor with each of the response variable using different classical statistical analysis tools used in describing linear models, in such a way so that we can find out the most strongly related predictor variables. Before starting all of this, we use the idea of model selection by stepwise regression technique and compare the AIC of these models and identified a better model between all of them. Then, we compare a classical linear regression approach by simulations on 768 diverse residential buildings show that we can predict CL with low mean absolute error. By using ANOVA we determine variation in the different residuals. Also, we use non constant variance test to verify it. Furthermore, we check leverage and influence points as well as outliers as well as determined cook distance for influential points. By taking box cox transformation and weights, we also introduce WLS technique to fit the model for better results and did all type of important analysis to understand the energy efficiency. Finally, we show 5-fold cross validation to verify our model.
In Silico Analysis of Some Phytochemicals as Potent Anti-tubercular Agents Targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA Polymerase and InhA Protein
Authors: Emran Md , Rahman Md. Mofijur , Anika Afroza Khanam , Nasrin Sultana Hossain , Moin Abu Tayab
Published: October 2020

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) that has infected and killed a lot of people in the past. At present treatments against TB are available at a very low cost. Since these chemical drugs have many adverse effects on health, more attention is now given on the plant-derived phytochemicals as potential agents to fight against TB. In this study, 5 phytochemicals, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, benzoic acid, bergapten, psoralen, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, are selected to test their potentiality, safety, and efficacy against two potential targets, the MTB RNA polymerase and enoyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) reductase, the InhA protein, using various tools of in silico biology. The molecular docking experiment, drug-likeness property test, ADME/T-test, P450 SOM prediction, pharmacophore mapping, and modeling, solubility testing, DFT calculations, and PASS prediction study had confirmed that all the molecules had the good potentiality to inhibit the two targets. However, two agents, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and bergapten were considered as the best agents among the five selected agents and they also showed far better results than the two currently used drugs, that function in these pathways, rifampicin (MTB RNA polymerase) and isoniazid (InhA protein). These two agents can be used effectively to treat tuberculosis.
Serologically-based Evaluation of Cross-protection Antibody Responses Among Different A(H1N1) Influenza Strains
Authors: Marchi Serena , Manini Ilaria , Kistner Otfried , Piu Pietro , Remarque Edmond J. , Manenti Alessandro , Biuso Fabrizio , Carli Tommaso , Lazzeri Giacomo , Montomoli Emanuele , Trombetta Claudia Maria
Published: October 2020

After the influenza H1N1 pandemic of 2009, the seasonal A/Brisbane/59/2007 strain was replaced by the A/California/07/2009 strain for the influenza virus vaccine composition. After several seasons with no indications on the occurrence of antigenic drift, A/Michigan/45/2015 was chosen as the H1N1 vaccine strain for season 2017/2018. Since the immune response to influenza is shaped by the history of exposure to antigenically similar strains, the potential cross-protection between seasonal human influenza vaccine strains and the emerging pandemic strains was investigated. Human serum samples were tested by haemagglutination inhibition and single radial haemolysis assays against A/Brisbane/59/2007, A/California/07/2009, and A/Michigan/45/2015 strains. Strong cross-reactions between A/California/07/2009 and A/Michigan/45/2015 strains were observed in 2009/2010, most likely induced by the start of the 2009 pandemic, and the subsequent post-pandemic seasons from 2010/2011 onwards when A/California/07/2009 becomes the predominant strain. In 2014/2015 season, population immunity against A/California/07/2009 and A/Michigan/45/2015 strains increased again, associated with strong cross-reactions. While haemagglutination inhibition assay has a higher sensitivity for detection of new seasonal drift, the single radial haemolysis assay is an excellent tool to determine the presence of pre-existing immunity, allowing a potential prediction on the booster potential of influenza vaccines against newly emerging drifted strains.
Pengembangan Sistem RFID dan Fingerprint Terintegrasi dengan Sistem Otomasi Layanan di Perpustakaan Universitas Brawijaya
Authors: Pratiwi Kurniasih Yuni , Suprihatin Suprihatin , Widhi Atmoko Pitoyo
Published: October 2020

The guest book used at Brawijaya University is digital, where visitor data is stored in a MySQL database. The use of barcode systems is quite effective compared to manual books that are manual, however, the barcode is printed, so that if too often affected by friction, the barcode can be damaged, to overcome the weaknesses that are owned by the barcode, the use of RFID technology can be a new alternative , because RFID (tag) is a technology in the form of an embedded chip. This research methodology discusses the framework carried out in the development of RFID and Fingerprint as an alternative to library guest book registration.

In the implementation of NodeMCU and fingerprint sensor to the library guest book database with VB.Net GUI, it can be implemented well. Data filling on RFID cards can be done on data blocks, ie blocks other than trailer blocks and manufacturer blocks. Recording in the library guest book database can be done by comparing the registration time of students, if students register on the same day, then recording is only done once, ie at the beginning of registration. Recording can be done using queries directly embedded in the GUI, or calling functions / procedures stored in the database.
GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN SITUASIONAL DI PERPUSTAKAAN JARINGAN DOKUMENTASI DAN INFORMASI HUKUM KABUPATEN SLEMAN
Authors: Nofita Sari Shinta , Kartika Sari Fitri
Published: October 2020

The research was conducted in the documentation and legal Information Library (JDIH) Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta. The purpose of this study is to be able to know how to apply situational leadership styles in the JDIH library. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive through the case study approach. The result of this research is the library JDIH Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta its leadership style belongs to the style of situational leadership because the leader has strict characteristics, ambitious, tireless in the work but still consider his subordinate abilities. Leaders provide positive energy to subordinates in the form of encouragement, ready to help when there is a job that is not understood by his subordinate.
Kepemimipinan Millenial Dalam Perpustakaan:Peluang dan Tantangan Dalam Menghadapi Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Simatupang Abdul Rahman
Published: October 2020

Millennial leadership is a leadership that has a good innovation, high creativity, also sensitive to technology development and able to increasing employers motivation. Opportunities and challenges in the revolution era 4.0 are make information technology as promotional opportunity, and make information technology as a tools to exchanging ideas to advance the organization or institution being led, while the challenges that occur are the initial challenge of the leader himself, the socialization of design that is innovative, and always to upgrade and accept change as a form of challenges faced by leaders.
Kajian Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Tentang Mudharabah
Authors: Mursid Fadhilah
Published: October 2020

Until now, mudharabah is still carried out in people's lives even though it has been modified to a degree. Even in Islamic Financial Institutions, mudaraba becomes a mainstay product that is often offered by customers. With the increasing number of LKS that makes mudharabah as one of its flagship products. MUI as an institution that has the authority to issue fatwas related to Islamic economics through DSN considers it necessary to issue a fatwa on mudharabah so that the procedure is carried out in accordance with Islamic Sharia. Regarding the fatwa it is interesting to analyze how the implementation of the DSN fatwa on mudaraba in the study of muamalah fiqh. The researcher uses a descriptive qualitative research method which discusses comprehensively using various sources of primary and secondary literature data relating to the MUI DSN fatwas on mudharabah. The results of the study concluded that overall the existing fatwa was in accordance with the provisions contained in the treasury of Islamic economics. However, in carrying out legal construction as a legal standing, it is still very global, especially in the use of fiqh proposals. Even from a number of fatwas, there is a similar tendency in legal construction of different content of the fatwa.
Gadai Emas Prespektif Kepatuhan Syariah dan Hukum di Indonesia
Authors: Musa Musa
Published: October 2020

In the practice of gold pawning in Islamic banking there are several costs that must be burden by customers. These costs include ujrah, administration, stamp duty, and insurance. Gold pawning transactions in Islamic banking must be identified whether they are in accordance with the concept that was stated or not. On the other hand, the practice of gold pawning is different from the policies issued by DSN. This study aims to determine the review of Islamic compliance and Islamic law against gold pawning in Islamic banking. The research method used is to use literature review, which is taken from books, articles, internet, and opinions of experts in their fields. Viewed from the aspect of sharia compliance, the reality of sharia banks uses as in the theory of sharia compliance policies in the gold mortgage financing process, namely the process of selling collateral and excess sales. While viewed from the aspect of Islamic law, the merging of the rahn and ijarah contracts is related to ta'alluq where the rahn contract is interdependent with the ijarah contract. The matter is permitted by DSN-MUI because between the rahn contract and the ijarah contract have different objects. While seen from the hadith gold pawn contract there are two contracts in one transaction, namely rahn contract and ijarah contract. This matter is prohibited in Islamic teachings.
Dimensi Ekonomi Produktif dalam Regulasi Wakaf di Indonesia
Authors: Hadi Solikhul
Published: October 2020

Waqf is a form of worship in Islam which has productive economic value. And Law no. 41 of 2004 concerning Waqf has opportunities for economic development for the benefit of social welfare. For this reason, it is necessary to have a study that analyzes the Waqf Law from a productive economy perspective. In this study, using content analysis method, which is an in-depth discussion of the content of written or printed information. In this case Law No.41 of 2014 concerning Waqf seeks to be coherent with productive economic theory. And the theory used as an analysis tool is the productive economic theory of Qutub Abdul Salam, in terms of the dimensions of productive economic goals and the main factors needed. Thus, this research actually aims to find the coherence of the articles in the Waqf Law with the Productive Economic Theory developed by Qutub Abdul Salam. From the results of data collection and analysis, it can be concluded that the Waqf Law is kohern with productive economic theory. The purpose of productive economic activities is to increase the benefit that can be realized in various forms, including: Meeting human needs at a moderate level, finding community needs and their fulfillment, providing supplies of goods / services in the future and fulfilling the means for social activities and worship of Allah. Among the articles in the Waqf Law which are coherent with productive economic objectives is article 5 of the Waqf Law, which explains that waqf functions to realize the economic potential and benefits of waqf assets for the benefit of worship and to promote public welfare. In productive economic theory, the productivity factors of a business include four things: natural resources, managers / workers, skills and capital. The natural resource factor as one of the factors in the development of the productive economy is coherent with the Waqf Law, namely waqf objects in the form of land, buildings or other immovable objects. The productivity factor in the form of managers or workers managing and carrying out waqf assets is nazir which includes; individual, organization, or legal entity. Skill is a very important productivity factor in managing waqf assets. Nazir as the manager of the waqf will receive guidance from the Minister of Religion and the Indonesian Waqf Board (BWI) both in terms of skills and managerial. And the capital factor in the context of the management of waqf assets is the object of waqf. In the Law on Waqf the objects of waqf include movable and immovable objects. With the issuance of the Waqf Law No. 41 of 2014, immovable objects have become important assets in the development of productive waqf. Movable property that cannot be used up due to consumption includes: money, precious metals, securities, vehicles, intellectual property rights, lease rights and other movable objects in accordance with the provisions of sharia and applicable laws and regulations.
The Use of Teaching Media in Arabic Language Teaching During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ahmadi Ahmadi , Ilmiani Aulia Mustika
Published: October 2020

The characteristic of Arabic Language which is unique and different compared to other foreign languages, has become certain issue for academic society, especially with this actual condition of COVID-19, it gives impact to both teachers and students.  In university level, more specifically, in order to maintain teaching – learning process to be held, various kind of media are used to support the teaching and learning activities. This research aims for exploring and describing Arabic language teaching – learning online activities in IAIN Palangka Raya using qualitative method and case study. Data collecting methods used in this research are observations, interview and documentation. Research result shows that Arabic language teaching – learning online activities in IAIN Palangka Raya adopting online technology with platforms which based on social media and e-learning application. Those platforms are categorized into three: 1) WhatsApp Group, used for intensive communications between teacher and students related to teaching – learning activities; 2) Google Classroom, used for collecting assignments; and 3) Zoom Cloud Meeting, used for audio-visual media for learning topics which need significant explanation. These medias are used after consideration on ease of accessibility, hardware compatibility, communication features, process and cost needed to use them. The findings of this research describe that Arabic language teaching – learning online activities in IAIN Palangka Raya collaborate those three aforementioned applications so that creativity, innovation and motivation are growing even during Covid-19 pandemic situation.
BAHASA GURU DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA JERMAN DI SMA
Authors: Cindy Febia Dwiana , Rosyidah Rosyidah
Published: October 2020

This article is a result of literature review that aims to explain teacher talk in context of teaching and learning German as a foreign language at senior high schools. Therefore, some relevant theories are studied, reviewed, compared and presented by the author in order to obtain the aims of this research. The result showed that teaching and learning German as a foreign language, German language should be applied by the students not only as a learning object but also as their daily practice. German language as the teacher talk has a broad influence towards students’ German learning outcomes. Based on the general purpose of teacher talk, which is to make the delivered message easily understood by the students, teachers use modified German language in teaching and learning process. In this case, teachers modify their language to fit the students’ German skill by considering the linguistic order such as simplifying sentences, talking slowly, making the clearer articulation, and using vocabulary that has been known by the students. To discover the tendency of German language used by teachers in class, it is necessary to analyze teacher talk. To analyze teacher talk we can use Flanders Interaction Analysis Categories (FIAC). It is one of the instruments of social interaction analysis.
Health, Safety, and Environment Operational Excellence through Full Utilization of Intelligent Field
Authors: Yateem Karam , Al Muailu Husain Ali , Gomaa Mohammed E. , Ayoola Olakunle T.
Published: October 2020

Working in the oil industry comes with unique challenges and risks, and so extra precautions and safety measures coupled with strict environmental compliance must be applied. Contrary to the common belief that strict safety enforcement could hinder smooth operations, the deployment of new technologies and enhanced solutions of processes has enabled operational excellence (OE) and improved safety performance. In this paper, we demonstrate health, safety, and environment performance improvement through implementing two main initiatives:

The first category has initiatives that require less intervention or personnel; for example, the deployment of cableless pressure sensors or permanent monitoring systems in key wells to ensure continuous real-time pressure data to monitor reservoir pressure. The second category has initiatives that mitigate traditional health, safety, and environment risks; for example, through use of multiphase flow meters (MPFMs) to collect accurate and continuous flow measurements instead of traditional well testing.

Optimizing operations costs while maintaining a high-level of safety is achieved through a dedicated team working in a state-of-the-art Production Operations Surveillance Hub (POSH), which enables the monitoring of wells in real time, making production optimization decisions, and ensuring a high level of well integrity via close monitoring of wells and assets.
Consideration of Backreaming in Vertical Wells Closure Modeling in Salt Rock
Authors: Paranhos Sobrinho E. S. , Escarpini Filho R. S. , Lages E. N. , Anjos J. L. R. , Almeida L. F. M. , Gonçalves C.
Published: October 2020

The mobility of salt rocks may cause problems, such as stuck pipe, high torque, casing collapse, and hole closure, promoting enormous losses in different areas. The drilling mud weight generates a hydrostatic pressure that serves as a counterpressure to the displacement of the salt. Sometimes this measure is not enough, leading to the backreaming operation, which reconditions the diameter of the wellbore to its original state. Given the importance of backreaming during drilling operations in salt rocks, its incorporation into computational tools is necessary. Through the finite element method (FEM), we developed a program to identify and simulate the effects of the backreaming operations in vertical wells in the presence of salt layers. We proposed a simulator that associates 1D axisymmetric multilayers with unit thickness through a coupling strategy between them, considering a lesser number of degrees of freedom when compared to conventional 2D modeling. We checked the performance of multilayers strategy when compared with 2D axisymmetric modeling of the hole closure problem in the commercial software ABAQUS® (Dassault Systèmes, Vélizy-Villacoublay, France); for the radial displacement histories, the multilayer strategy presented similarity with ABAQUS for cases that consider interaction, with the advantage of a low computational cost provided by the 1D formulation. We demonstrated the modeling of backreaming through the proposed tool.
A blended eHealth intervention for insomnia following acquired brain injury: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ford Marthe , Geurtsen Gert J. , Groet Erny , Bennekom Coen A.M. Van , Someren Eus J.W. Van
Published: October 2020

Background: Up to a third of stroke patients and patients with traumatic brain injury suffer from insomnia, including problems to fall asleep or stay asleep at night. Insomnia may exacerbate other brain damage-related problems, for example regarding cognitive functioning and emotional well-being, may lead to poorer quality of life, and may complicate recovery processes. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, delivered face-to-face or online, is found to be effective in the general population. However, despite the high prevalence and serious consequences of insomnia following acquired brain injury, studies on the efficacy of face-to-face cognitive behavioral treatment in this population are scarce, and this applies even more for studies on online cognitive behavioral therapy. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a newly developed guided online cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia following acquired brain injury.Methods: A multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded end point study (PROBE) will be conducted, in which 48 patients diagnosed with stroke or traumatic brain injury, and insomnia will be randomly allocated to the online cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia treatment group or the treatment as usual group. The treatment consists of 6 online cognitive behavioral therapy sessions given on a weekly basis and personalized feedback after each session, combined with 2 face-to-face sessions. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, immediately after the intervention period and at 6 weeks follow up. The primary outcome is the insomnia severity assessed with the insomnia severity index. Secondary outcome measures include sleep quality, sleep features derived from the sleep diary, fatigue, anxiety and depression, subjective cognitive functioning and societal participation.Discussion: This study will provide insight on the efficacy of online cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia following stroke and traumatic brain injury.Trial Register: Netherlands Trial Register, NTR7082, 12 March 2018
Triple therapy combined with ventriculoperitoneal shunts can improve neurological function and shorten hospitalization time in non-HIV cryptococcal meningitis patients with increased intracranial pressure
Authors: Li Min , Liu Jia , Deng Xuhui , Gan Qingzhou , Wang Yijie , Xu Xiaofeng , Jiang Ying , Peng Fuhua
Published: October 2020

Background: Raised intracranial pressure (ICP) and insufficient antifungal regimens are the two main factors result to unsatisfactory outcomes in non-HIV cryptococcal meningitis (CM) patients. In this study, we try to discuss that whether triple therapy of amphotericin B (AmB), fluconazole, 5-flucytosine (5-FC) plus ventriculoperitoneal shunts (VPS) is superior to AmB, 5-FC, fluconazole plus intermittent lumbar puncture in induction therapy in non-HIV CM patients with increased ICP.Methods: We reviewed 66 clinical records from non-HIV CM patients with increased ICP. The demographic and clinical characteristics, BMRC staging, cerebrospinal ﬂuid proﬁles (CSF), brain magnetic resonance imaging, treatment, and outcomes of these individuals were retrospectively analyzed. All non-HIV CM patients with increased ICP (≥ 25 cmH2O) were divided into two groups, including 27 patients treated with triple antifungal agents and 39 patients treated with the same triple therapy plus VPS. Results: Triple therapy plus VPS group had more satisfactory outcomes, and more CSF sterilization at 10 weeks follow-up,lower CSF opening pressure, lower BMRC staging scores one week after VPS, less CSF C. neoformans counts and CSF culture positive. Patients in triple therapy plus VPS group got the improvement in neurological function circumstances evaluated by comparing the BMRC staging before and after VPS. These patients had shorter hospital stay.Conclusions: Triple antifungal agents combined with VPS can effectively reduce ICP, have faster rate of clearance of C. neoformans counts, more improved neurological function, shorten hospitalization time and better outcomes in non-HIV CM patients with increased ICP. Our study indicated that triple therapy plus early VPS is maybe the optimal treatment for non-HIV CM patients with increased ICP.
Changing trends of birth weight with maternal age: a cross-sectional study in Xi'an city of Northwestern China
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Yang Liren , Shang Li , Yang Wenfang , Qi Cuifang , Huang Liyan , Xie Guilan , Wang Ruiqi , Chung Mei Chun
Published: October 2020

Background: Most studies have shown that maternal age is associated with birth weight. However, the specific relationship between each additional year of maternal age and birth weight remains unclear. The study aimed to analyze the specific association between maternal age and birth weight.Methods: Raw data for all live births from 2015 to 2018 were obtained from the Medical Birth Registry of Xi’an, China. A total of 490143 mother-child pairs with full-term singleton live births and the maternal age ranging from 20 to 40 years old were included in our study. Birth weight, gestational age, neonatal birth date, maternal birth date, residence and ethnicity were collected. Generalized additive model and two-piece wise linear regression model were used to analyze the specific relationships between maternal age and birth weight, risk of low birth weight, and risk of macrosomia.Results: The relationships between maternal age and birth weight, risk of low birth weight, and risk of macrosomia were nonlinear. Birth weight increased 16.204 g per year when maternal age was less than 24 years old (95%CI: 14.323, 18.086), and increased 12.051g per year when maternal age ranged from 24 to 34 years old (95%CI: 11.609, 12.493), then decreased 0.824g per year (95% CI: -3.112, 1.464). The risk of low birth weight decreased with the increase of maternal age until 36 years old (OR= 0.917, 95%CI: 0.903, 0.932 when maternal age was younger than 27 years old; OR= 0.965, 95%CI: 0.955, 0.976 when maternal age ranged from 27 to 36 years old), then increased when maternal age was older than 36 years old (OR=1.133, 95%CI: 1.026, 1.250). The risk of macrosomia increased with the increase of maternal age (OR=1.102, 95%CI: 1.075, 1.129 when maternal age was younger than 24 years old; OR=1.065, 95%CI: 1.060, 1.071 when maternal age ranged from 24 to 33 years old; OR=1.029, 95%CI: 1.012, 1.046 when maternal age was older than 33 years old).Conclusions: For women of childbearing age (20-40 years old), the threshold of maternal age on low birth weight was 36 years old, and the risk of macrosomia increased with the increase of maternal age.
Homocysteine promotes migration of adventitial fibroblasts via Angiotensin II type 1 receptor activation to aggravate atherosclerosis
Authors: Zhu Zhibo , Hao Xiangyu , Li Tianxiang , Guo Jianqiang
Published: October 2020

Background: Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. However, the mechanisms of HHcy-induced arteriosclerosis are largely unknown. Objective: To clarify the effect of Hcy on adventitial fibroblasts (AFs) and its relation with angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R). Method: The apolipoprotein E gene-deficient mice (Apoe−/−) were used as the murine model for atherosclerosis. HHcy was induced and treated by feeding them 1.5% methionine and telmisartan (gavage 10 mg/kg/d) for 12 weeks, respectively. The AFs and HEK293A cells transfected with the AT1R plasmid were used to investigate the interaction between Hcy and AT1R. All data were expressed as mean ± SEM. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA or repeated measurement ANOVA. Results: HHcy aggravated the plaque area of the aortic root and increased the expression of IL-6, MCP-1, and the macrophage marker Mac3 in the plaque and adventitia of the aorta, whereas telmisartan improved this effect. Hyperhomocysteinemia induced the occurrence of the AFs marker protein ER-TR7 in the plaque and the entire layer of the aorta, whereas telmisartan also improved this effect, indicating that hyperhomocysteinemia induced AFs migration and that AT1R mediated this process. Hcy increased the production of AFs H 2 O 2 , ROS, and IL-6 of AFs, indicating that Hcy activated the oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions, which may induce cell migration. The subsequent scratch and transwell experiments confirmed that Hcy induced the AFs migration and that telmisartan inhibited this effect. Hcy increased the expression of AFs AT1R and the phosphorylation levels of PKC and ERK1/2 in the AF and HEK293A cells transfected with the AT1R plasmid, whereas telmisartan inhibited this effect, indicating that Hcy activated AT1R intracellular signaling pathway. Conclusion: Hcy promoted adventitial inflammation, induced AFs migration, and aggravated atherosclerosis by activating AT1R.
Association of immunological features with COVID-19 severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Zhicheng , Ai Guo , Chen Liping , Liu Shunfang , Gong Chen , Zhu Xiaodong , Zhang Chunli , Qin Hua , Hu Junhui , Huang Jinjin
Published: October 2020

Background: We aim to explore the association of immunological features with COVID-19 severity.Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis to estimate mean difference (MD) of immune cells and cytokines levels with COVID-19 severity in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, the Cochrane Library and the grey literature.Results: A total of 21 studies with 2033 COVID-19 patients were included. Compared with mild cases, severe cases showed significantly lower levels of some immune cells, CD3+ T cell (×106, MD, -413.87; 95%CI, -611.39 to -216.34), CD4+ T cell (×106, MD, -203.56; 95%CI, -277.94 to -129.18), CD8+ T cell (×106, MD, -128.88; 95%CI, -163.97 to -93.79), B cell (×106/L; MD, -23.87; 95%CI, -43.97 to -3.78) and NK cell (×106/L; MD, -57.12; 95%CI, -81.18 to -33.06), and significantly higher levels of some cytokines, TNF-α (pg/ml; MD, 0.34; 95%CI, 0.09 to 0.59), IL-5 (pg/ml; MD, 14.2; 95%CI, 3.99 to 24.4), IL-6 (pg/ml; MD, 13.07; 95%CI, 9.80 to 16.35), and IL-10 (pg/ml; MD, 2.04; 95%CI, 1.32 to 2.75), and significantly higher levels of some chemokines, MCP-1 (SMD, 3.41; 95%CI, 2.42 to 4.40), IP-10 (SMD, 2.82; 95%CI, 1.20 to 4.45) and eotaxin (SMD, 1.55; 95%CI, 0.05 to 3.05). However, no significant differences were found in other indicators, Treg cell (×106, MD, -0.13; 95%CI, -1.40 to 1.14), CD4+/CD8+ ratio (MD, 0.26; 95%CI, -0.02 to 0.55), IFN-γ (pg/ml; MD, 0.26; 95%CI, -0.05 to 0.56), IL-2 (pg/ml; MD, 0.05; 95%CI, -0.49 to 0.60), IL-4 (pg/ml; MD, -0.03; 95%CI, -0.68 to 0.62), GM-CSF (SMD, 0.44; 95%CI, -0.46 to 1.35), and RANTES (SMD, 0.94; 95%CI, -2.88 to 4.75).Conclusion: Our meta-analysis revealed significant lower levels of immune cells (CD3+ T, CD4+ T, CD8+ T, B and NK cells), significant higher levels of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-10) and significant higher levels of chemokines (MCP-1, IP-10 and eotaxin) in severe cases compared with mild cases of COVID-19. Measurement of immunological features could help to assess disease severity for effective triage of COVID-19 patients.
Non-Templated Oligo-Adenylation of Small RNAs in the Parasite Entamoeba: Potential Roles for Small RNA Control in Single Celled Eukaryotic Pathogen
Authors: Zhang Hanbang , Ehrenkaufer Gretchen M , Hall Neil , Singh Upinder
Published: October 2020

Background: The RNA interference (RNAi) pathway is a gene regulation mechanism that uitilizes small RNA (sRNA) and Argonaute (Ago) proteins to silence target genes. Our previous work identified a functional RNAi pathway in the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica, including abundant 27nt antisense sRNA populations derived from the secondary RNAi pathway which associate with EhAgo2-2 protein. However, there is lack of understanding about sRNAs that are bound to two other EhAgos (EhAgo2-1 and 2-3), and the mechanism of sRNA regulation itself is unclear in this parasite. Results: In the present study, we sequenced sRNA libraries from both total RNAs and EhAgo bound RNAs. We identified a new population of 31nt sRNAs that results from the addition of a non-templated 3-4 adenosine nucleotides at the 3´-end of the 27nt sRNA populations, indicating a non-templated RNA-tailing event in the parasite. We found that both sRNA populations (27nt and 31nt) are unchanged during the development of E. invadens. However, we detected an alteration in their relative abundance for the targeted gene in parasites transfected with a trigger-gene silencing construct, indicating that non-templated RNA-tailing is likely a pathway for sRNA turnover when the targeted gene is unable to be silenced in this parasite. In sequencing the sRNAs associating with the three EhAgo proteins, we observed that despite distinct cellular localization, all three EhAgo sRNA libraries contain 27nt sRNAs with 5´-polyphosphate (5´-polyP) structure and a largely overlapping sRNA repertoire, mainly targeting retrotransposons and a subset of ~226 genes that are endogenously silenced. Furthermore, our data show that 31nt sRNA populations paritally associate with wildtype EhAgo2-2 but not with its mutant protein (EhAgo2-2 C-terminal deletion), indicating an intact RISC is essential for the sRNA modification process.Conclusion: High-throughput sequencing of sRNA in Entamoeba has identified a new population of sRNA with non-templated adenylation modification, which is the first such observation amongst single cell protozoan parasites. Our sRNA sequencing libraries provide the first comprehensive sRNA dataset for all three Entamoeba Ago proteins, which can serve as a useful database for the amoeba community.
Postural Control Strategy after Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury: Effect of Sensory Inputs on Trunk-Leg Movement Coordination
Authors: Noamani Alireza , Lemay Jean-François , Musselman Kristin E. , Rouhani Hossein
Published: October 2020

Background: Postural control is affected after incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI) due to sensory and motor impairments. Any alteration in the availability of sensory information can challenge postural stability in this population and may lead to a variety of adaptive movement coordination patterns. Hence, identifying the underlying impairments and changes to movement coordination patterns is necessary for effective rehabilitation post-iSCI. This study aims to compare the postural control strategy between iSCI and able-bodied populations by quantifying the trunk-leg movement coordination under conditions that affects sensory information.Methods: 13 individuals with iSCI and 14 aged-matched able-bodied individuals performed quiet standing on hard and foam surfaces with eyes open and closed. We used mean Magnitude-Squared Coherence between trunk-leg accelerations measured by accelerometers placed over the sacrum and tibia. Results: We observed a similar ankle strategy at lower frequencies (f≤1.0 Hz) between populations. However, we observed a decreased ability post-iSCI in adapting inter-segment coordination changing from ankle strategy to ankle-hip strategy at higher frequencies (f>1.0 Hz). Moreover, utilizing the ankle-hip strategy at higher frequencies was challenged when somatosensory input was distorted, whereas depriving visual information did not affect balance strategy.Conclusion: Trunk-leg movement coordination assessment showed sensitivity, discriminatory ability, and excellent test-retest reliability to identify changes in balance control strategy post-iSCI and due to altered sensory inputs. Trunk-leg movement coordination assessment using wearable sensors can be used for objective outcome evaluation of rehabilitative interventions on postural control post-iSCI.