bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermomechanical Fatigue Behavior of a Cast Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Liu Yi , Hess Devin , Wang Qigui , Coryell Jason
Published: April 2024

Cast austenitic stainless steels, such as 1.4837Nb, are widely used for turbo housing and exhaust manifolds which are subjected to elevated temperatures. Due to assembly constraints, geometry limitation, and particularly high temperatures, thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) issue is commonly seen in the service of those components. Therefore, it is critical to understand the TMF behavior of the cast steels. In the present study, a series of fatigue tests including isothermal low cycle fatigue tests at elevated temperatures up to 1100°C, in-phase and out-of-phase TMF tests in the temperature ranges 100-800°C and 100-1000°C have been conducted. Both creep and oxidation are active in these conditions, and their contributions to the damage of the steel are discussed.
An Assessment of Performance of Compression Ignition Engine Fueled with Recycled Waste Engine Oil Waste Cooking Oil and Waste Plastic Oil as Fuel
Authors: B Prabakaran , Yasin Mohd Hafizil Mat
Published: April 2024

Using the recycled waste oils are to be focused for the protection of environment by reducing the land pollution and disposal costs. This study is to use the recycled waste engine oil, waste cooking oil and waste plastic oil along with Bio-butanol from the waste cut vegetables and fruits. Initially, properties and solubility were tested for choosing a suitable blend for fueling into diesel engine from various proportions. These three blends from the base of three waste oils are then tested by modifying and standard engine operating parameters for performance.

The properties tests results as 18% of waste engine oil (by volume) with bio-butanol, 16% of waste cooking oil (by volume) with bio- butanol and 24% of waste plastic oil (by volume) with bio-butanol are found competent

for fueling engine. These blends produces low efficiency in lower brake powers and the emissions of smoke, hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide are also higher during the operation under standard parameters. To upkeep this parameters such as nozzle pressure, timing of fuel injection and the ration of compression are optimized by orthogonal array method. This method arrived for the optimal levels as 19:1 compression ratio, 210 bar nozzle pressure and 26 degree of timing injection by considering the base as efficiency of the engine. By deployment of these parameters the engine produces similar efficiency, thermal energy release, pressure of cylinder, emissions oxides of nitrogen under higher brake powers. This utilization saves the cost of disposal and the quantity of fossil fuel resources from other countries to India for the use as fuel for compression ignition engines.
Prediction of Air Generation in Engine Oil Pan by MPS and DEM
Authors: Sato Kenji , Takano Junpei
Published: April 2024

Recent automobile engines are equipped with many devices that are driven by oil pressure. Generally, engine oil is used for oil pressure, and in addition to its conventional functions of lubrication and cooling, etc., it also plays an important role in accurately driving such devices. One of the factors that can interfere with the characteristics of engine oil is air contamination. Excessive air contamination can cause issues with driving devices. Although there are various factors that contribute to air contamination, this paper focuses on, and attempts to help predict, the air generated by engine oil falling and colliding with the surface of the oil in the oil pan as it returns from the top to the bottom of the engine. Using the particle method as the prediction method, the coupled Moving Particle Simulation (MPS) and Discrete Element Method (DEM) calculations were used to represent the generation of air. Basic tests were conducted to computationally reproduce the behavior of each of the factors necessary for help predicting air generation in actual engines, namely, the flow of engine oil on the wall, the air floating in the engine oil, the defoaming at the oil surface, and the air generated due to the collision of the engine oil with the oil surface. Then, using the parameters identified in the basic tests, an attempt was made to help predict air generation using an actual engine model. When the shape of the baffle plate that receives the oil flow from the top of the engine was changed and the difference in air ratio at the oil inlet was verified, a good correlation was obtained between the change in air ratio measured on the actual engine and the change in air ratio predicted by the computational model.
Material Modelling of Lamination Stack in Electric Machines
Authors: Goel Ashish , P Praveen , Sharma Hiren , Faggioli Thiago
Published: April 2024

The rotor and stator of electric motors consist of multiple materials, of which steel forms the majority of mass and volume. Steel in electric motors is commonly in the form of thin sheets (laminations), stacked along the axis of the rotor. The structural integrity of such a stack can be ensured using bolting, welding or bonding of the laminations. Predictive mechanical finite element simulations of these laminated stacks can become computationally intense because the steel sheets are thin, and the motor often contains hundreds of them. If the laminations are modelled individually, the size of the elements is very small compared to the overall dimensions and the interface between the laminations need to be modelled as well. In this paper, we present an alternate method of modelling this laminated stack as a single solid body using homogeneous and orthotropic material property, instead of representing each lamination. This provides realistic predictions of mechanical performance, while keeping the computational time significantly lower than modelling separate steel sheets. Modal testing and associated simulations are presented at the stator stack level as well as assembly level where the detailed stator is fitted into a housing.
On the Investigation of Car Steady-State Cornering Equilibria and Drifting
Authors: Righetti Giovanni , Binetti Elisabetta , Pinto de Castro Ricardo , Lot Roberto , Massaro Matteo , Lenzo Basilio
Published: April 2024

This paper proposes a thorough investigation of steady-state cornering equilibria for cars. Besides equilibria corresponding to normal driving behaviour - herein denoted as stable-normal turn, drifting is attracting increasing attention. When discussing drifting, it is typically assumed that yaw rate and steering angle have opposite signs, i.e. the driver is countersteering, and the rear axle is saturated. Interestingly, another unstable equilibrium is possible, herein referred to as unstable-normal turn. In this work, an attempt to give a comprehensive definition of drift is made. An inverse model is proposed to compute the driver inputs needed to perform a steady-state turn for a given radius and sideslip angle. The mathematical meaning of all equilibria is explored by linearizing the system and analyzing eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the resulting state matrices.
A MPC based Cooperated Control Strategy for Enhanced Agility and Stability of Four-Wheel Steering and Drive Electric Vehicles
Authors: Sun Haobo , Zhang Lin , Zhao Chunlai , Wang Nian , Zhang Zeyang , Chen Hong
Published: April 2024

Multiple actuators equipped in electric vehicles, such as four- wheel steering (4WS) and four-wheel drive (4WD), provide more degrees of freedom for chassis motion control. However, developing independent control strategies for distinct actuator types could result in control conflicts, potentially degrading the vehicle's motion performance. To address this issue, a model predictive control (MPC) based steering-drive cooperated control strategy for enhanced agility and stability of electric vehicles with 4WD and 4WS is proposed in this paper. By designing the control constraints within the MPC framework, the strategy enables single-drive control, single-steering control, and steering-drive cooperative control. In the upper control layer, a linear time-varying MPC (LTV-MPC) is designed to generate optimal additional yaw moment and additional steering angles of front and rear wheels to enhance vehicle agility and lateral stability. In the lower control layer, a linear MPC (LMPC) based torque vectoring optimization allocation strategy is implemented to track the desired additional yaw moment. Furthermore, tire slip ratios are taken into account within this layer to enhance vehicle longitudinal stability. Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiments are conducted under diverse test conditions to assess the proposed cooperated control strategy. The results indicate that steering-drive cooperated control strategy can simultaneously enhance vehicle agility and stability performance compared to single-drive control and single-steering control.
Implementation of Adaptive Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy
Authors: Capito Vicente , Ketineni Pranay , Rizzoni Giorgio , Midlam-Mohler Shawn
Published: April 2024

Electrification of vehicles is an important step towards making mobility more sustainable and carbon-free. Hybrid electric vehicles use an electric machine with an on-board energy storage system, in some form to provide additional torque and reduce the power requirement from the internal combustion engine. It is important to control and optimize this power source split between the engine and electric machine to make the best use of the system. This paper showcases an implementation of the Adaptive Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (A-ECMS) with minimization in real-time in the dSPACE MicroAutobox II as the Hybrid Supervisory Controller (HSC). While the concept of A-ECMS has been well established for many years, there are no published papers that present results obtained in a production vehicle suitably modified from conventional to hybrid electric propulsion including real world testing as well as testing on regulatory cycles. This paper details all the supportive algorithms that made this possible and the specific components to achieve the A-ECMS implementation and outlines design and performance details.

A-ECMS was tested for 1400+ miles of vehicle testing with 130,000+ miles on virtual environments (Model-in-Loop and Hardware-in-Loop) to determine the best calibration parameters for the battery-fuel equivalency factor and the penalties to achieve the best fuel economy. This strategy was implemented on a 2019 Chevrolet Blazer modified into a hybrid by The Ohio State University's EcoCAR team. Several comparisons are presented between the vehicle with A-ECMS and a stock vehicle. The project vehicle showed 6% fuel improvement in city cycles over the stock vehicle and 17% over the standardized FTP Drive Cycle on a two-axle dynamometer.
Development of Classification of Customer Complaints Using Deep Learning
Authors: You Hanmin
Published: April 2024

In recent years, the automotive industry has been making efforts to develop vehicles that satisfy customers’ emotions rather than malfunctions by improving the durability of vehicles. The durability and reliability of vehicles sold in the U.S. can be determined through the VDS (Vehicle Dependability Study) published by JD Power. The VDS is index which is the number of complaints per 100 units released by J.D. POWER in every year. It investigates customers who have used it for 3 years after purchasing a new car and consists of 177 specific problems grouped into 8 categories such as PT, ACEN, FCD, Exterior. The VDS-4 has been strengthened since the introduction of the new evaluation system VDS-5 in 2015. In order to improve the VDS index, it is important to gather various customer complaints such as internet data, warranty data, Enprecis data and clarify the problem and cause. Enprecis data is survey of customer complaints by on-line in terms of VDS. In the case of warranty and Enpreics data, it is easy to analyze because it is already categorized, but internet data is difficult to classify because it is unstructured data collected randomly at various internet sites, and the amount of data is big. In this paper, we developed classification technology for internet data using deep learning method such as TF-IDF and Word2Vec. This technology automatically classifies 8 categories and extract keywords of each category even if you don’t read the articles.
Strength Evaluation of Motorcycle Fuel Tank subject to Vehicle Drop through Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Sharma Ashish , Khare Saharash
Published: April 2024

Motorcycles which are designed for both regular as well as rough terrains experience more severe vertical impact loads from ground in comparison with motorcycles which travel only on regular terrains. Therefore, drop test is considered an important method to evaluate durability for said vehicles. Fuel Tank mounted over front frame of a motorcycle is the most critical component from safety point of view and hence, need to be analysed for vertical drop load case. To do so, modelling of whole vehicle can be a hectic task and has to be avoided. In the present work, behaviour of fuel tank mounted over frame support and subjected to vertical drop from H(m) height is studied with the help of support excitation method incorporated with explicit non-linear time integration scheme using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) code in commercial FEA software. Through this scheme, effect on Fuel Tank of vehicle drop can be studied without actually modelling the whole vehicle. Results from FEA software were compared with that of testing to correlate and validate the accuracy of said technique.
Robust Adaptive Control for Dual Fuel Injection Systems in Gasoline Engines
Authors: Chang Insu , Kang Jun-Mo
Published: April 2024

The paper presents a robust adaptive control technique for precise regulation of a port fuel injection + direct injection (PFI+DI) system, a dual fuel injection configuration adopted in modern gasoline engines to boost performance, fuel efficiency, and emission reduction. Addressing parametric uncertainties on the actuators, inherent in complex fuel injection systems, the proposed approach utilizes an indirect model reference adaptive control scheme. To accommodate the increased control complexity in PFI+DI and the presence of additional uncertainties, a nonlinear plant model is employed, incorporating dynamics of the exhaust burned gas fraction. The primary objective is to optimize engine performance while minimizing fuel consumption and emissions in the presence of uncertainties. Stability and tracking performance of the adaptive controller are evaluated to ensure safe and reliable system operation under various conditions. Simulation studies demonstrate the reliability and effectiveness of the proposed control technique by subjecting it to aggressive time-varying uncertainties that emulate real-world scenarios with injector performance deviations. Results show that the proposed adaptive control maintains stable tracking performance even under aggressive injector uncertainties, showcasing its robustness in coping with varying environmental conditions and component behavior. This study contributes to the field of robust adaptive control for PFI+DI systems in gasoline engines, providing valuable insights into enhancing engine performance, fuel efficiency, and reducing emissions.
Evaluating Network Security Configuration (NSC) Practices in Vehicle-Related Android Applications
Authors: Zhang Linxi , Ma Di
Published: April 2024

Android applications have historically faced vulnerabilities to man-in-the-middle attacks due to insecure custom SSL/TLS certificate validation implementations. In response, Google introduced the Network Security Configuration (NSC) as a configuration-based solution to improve the security of certificate validation practices. NSC was initially developed to enhance the security of Android applications by providing developers with a framework to customize network security settings. However, recent studies have shown that it is often not being leveraged appropriately to enhance security. Motivated by the surge in vehicular connectivity and the corresponding impact on user security and data privacy, our research pivots to the domain of mobile applications for vehicles. As vehicles increasingly become repositories of personal data and integral nodes in the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem, ensuring their security moves beyond traditional issues to one of public safety and trust. To provide a view of the current vehicle apps security landscape, we delve into 122 vehicle-related apps, grouping them into three distinct categories: official car apps developed by manufacturers, general car-related apps, and OBD-II diagnostic tool apps. Our findings show that 68.85% of apps utilize NSC with varying degrees of NSC customization and security practices across these categories. Additionally, understanding that frequent updates often correlate with active maintenance and potential security patching, we analyze the update frequencies of the top ten downloaded apps in each category. The results provide valuable insight into app developers’ level of commitment to safety in the evolving automotive ecosystem. This research aims to drive awareness, underline existing security NSC practices, and pave the way for a more secure vehicular app environment.
A Psychological Critique of Knowles’ Andragogy as a Theory of Learning
Authors: Moll Ian
Published: April 2024

The theory of andragogy has had considerable purchase amongst adult educators over time. Although it differs in emphasis in its north American and eastern European poles, the theory derives from a psychological distinction between the way that adults and children learn. Defining the theory in the terms of its most influential theorist, Malcolm Knowles, this article develops a critique of andragogy in relation to mainstream theories of learning. Knowles argues adults are psychologically disposed to “immediate”, life-orientated learning, whereas children’s learning has a “postponed” developmental orientation to the future. However, this particular adult-child distinction has little veracity or credibility when considered against mainstream theories of learning. Rather than a purported cleavage between the learning of adults and children, it seems that Knowles is actually driving at a distinction between non-formal and formal teaching methods, and that this is a better way of thinking about the distinctiveness of adult education than any insights that “andragogy” may have to offer.
A Comprehensive Analysis of Electric Vehicle Adoption, Environmental Impact and Future Prospects
Authors: Tilkar Kusum , Karketta Alka , Managre Jitendra , Chauhan Vijay , Rathod Deepak
Published: April 2024

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are rapidly transforming transportation, offering a cleaner and more sustainable alternative to gasoline-powered cars. This paper delves into the history of EVs, highlighting their rise and fall, followed by the current resurgence driven by environmental concerns and technological breakthroughs. Government support and regulations play a crucial role in promoting wider adoption. The analysis examines the current landscape of EVs, marked by a booming market, advancements in battery technology, expanding charging infrastructure, and a growing variety of vehicle models. However, challenges such as range anxiety, limited charging options, battery cost, and consumer awareness still need to be addressed. The paper emphasizes the significant environmental benefit of EVs – zero tailpipe emissions when charged with renewable energy sources. It compares the pollution generated by EVs and fuel-based vehicles, showcasing the environmental advantages of EVs. The exploration of renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal power provides sustainable solutions for EV charging, with a comparison highlighting the most effective options. The conclusion acknowledges the cost and accessibility hurdles but underscores the importance of government incentives and cost-effective models in accelerating EV adoption. By highlighting the environmental and economic benefits of EVs, the paper reinforces their potential to combat climate change and pave the way for a more sustainable future.
Application of Fuzzy Computing for VANET Routing
Authors: Dwarampudi Aiswarya , Yogi Manas Kumar
Published: April 2024

In the realm of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), routing plays a pivotal role in ensuring efficient communication among vehicles and infrastructure. Traditional routing protocols often struggle to adapt to the dynamic and uncertain environment of VANETs, characterized by rapidly changing network topologies and unpredictable traffic conditions. In any case, the without a doubt solid and stunning nature of vehicular conditions presents superb difficulties for controlling shows, including unusual straightforwardness, changing association geologies, and dynamic traffic conditions [1, 2]. By incorporating fuzzy logic into routing algorithms, vehicles can make more informed decisions regarding route selection, considering factors such as traffic congestion, road conditions, and vehicle mobility patterns. This paper provides an overview of the key concepts of fuzzy computing and discusses its potential applications in VANET routing. Furthermore, it explores existing research efforts in this area, highlighting the benefits and challenges associated with fuzzy based routing approaches. Through a comprehensive review of the literature, this paper identifies current trends and future directions for leveraging fuzzy computing in VANET routing, aiming to improve the reliability, scalability, and efficiency of communication in vehicular networks.
La introducción de controles administrativos previos a la vía Jurisdiccional: la fiscalización de las decisiones supervisoras del Banco Central Europeo por parte del Comité Administrativo de Revisión
Authors: Esteban Ríos Javier
Published: April 2024

SUMARIO: I. Introducción. II. El Comité Administrativo de Revisión. II.1 Composición del Comité Administrativo de Revisión. II.2 Procedimiento de impugnación. II.3 Efectos del dictamen del Comité Administrativo de Revisión. III. Conclusiones y Valoración. IV. Bibliografía.
Прогностичне оцінювання ефективності розробленої функціонально-організаційної моделі збереження здоров’я та професійної працездатності військовослужбовців у воєнний та мирний (повоєнний) час
Authors: Tkalenko О. М.
Published: April 2024

Мета дослідження. Узагальнити результати незалежної експертної оцінки прогностичної ефективності обґрунтованої, розробленої та впровадженої за більшістю компонентів функціонально-організаційної моделі збереження здоров’я та професійної працездатності військовослужбовців у воєнний та в мирний (повоєнний) час.

Матеріали та методи дослідження. Експертна група включала 22 висококваліфікованих фахівців у сфері військової охорони здоров’я. Експертне оцінювання проводилось шляхом заповнення спеціально розробленої анкети, з використанням п’ятибальної оціночної шкали елементів моделі, з дотриманням принципу анонімності експерта. Отримані від експертів анкети підлягали обробці та аналізу по кожному складовому елементу системи, який оцінювався. Підраховувались середньоарифметичні значення оцінок в балах, середньоквадратичні відхилення, стандартна похибка середньої величини та коефіцієнт варіації.

Результати дослідження. За результатами незалежної експертної оцінки встановлено високу прогностичну ефективність запропонованій моделі за кожним представленим до розгляду критерієм: орієнтованість на підвищення якості медичної допомоги військовослужбовцям – 4,1±0,11; впровадження стандартів НАТО – 4,0±0,12; спрямованість на вчасне виявлення та лікування розладів психіки у комбатантів – 4,2±0,15; орієнтованість на покращення поінформованості та залученню військовослужбовців до відповідального ставлення до здоров’я – 4,3±0,15; спрямованість на удосконалення післядипломної освіти військових лікарів – 4,4±0,17; забезпечення раціонального використання ресурсів – 3,7±0,17.

Висновки. Узгоджена оцінка залучених експертів щодо прогностичної ефективності розробленої та впровадженої за більшістю компонентів функціонально-організаційної моделі збереження здоров’я та професійної працездатності військовослужбовців у воєнний та в мирний (повоєнний) час обґрунтовує доцільність її практичного використання.
Нові похідні 1,2,4-Триазолу як протигрибкові агенти (огляд літератури)
Authors: Prytula R. L. , Shmatenko O. P. , Bushueva I. V. , Parchenko V. V. , Yerenko O. K. , Drozdov D. V.
Published: April 2024

Метою нашого дослідження було систематизувати дані наукової літератури про протигрибкову активність похідних 1,2,4-триазолу та, на основі системного аналізу наукових джерел, визначити найперспективніший напрямок для подальших наукових досліджень.

Матеріали і методи дослідження. Було проведено інформаційний пошук наукових джерел, що описують протигрибкову активність похідних 1,2,4-триазолу, аналіз даних наукових джерел для визначення спектра протигрибкової дії похідних 1,2,4-триазолу, їх механізмів дії, а також сфери їх застосування, застосовано бібліосемантичний метод (вивчення та аналіз термінології, понять та категорій, що використовуються в науковій літературі для опису протигрибкової активності похідних 1,2,4-триазолу), системний метод (дослідження протигрибкової активності похідних 1,2,4-триазолу як цілісної системи, з урахуванням взаємозв'язків між різними її елементами), описовий метод (опис та систематизація даних про протигрибкову активність похідних 1,2,4-триазолу), та проведено узагальнення результатів дослідження та формулювання висновків. У якості матеріалів дослідження було використано наукові статті, монографії, патенти, дисертації, що містять інформацію про протигрибкову активність похідних 1,2,4-триазолу та сфери їх застосування.

Висновки. Похідні 1,2,4-триазолу є перспективним класом протигрибкових сполук. Подальші дослідження в цій галузі можуть призвести до розробки нових ефективних протигрибкових препаратів. Токсичність, резистентність до ліків і випадкова відсутність бажаної ефективності ліків викликають нагальну потребу в дослідженні та розробці нових протигрибкових ліків. Відповідно, проведений аналіз літературних джерел може надати наступні стратегії щодо розширення сфери застосування «хімічних каркасів» як протигрибкових засобів: розробка нових хімічних речовин для селективної грибкової мішені.. Перепрофілювання доступних препаратів як протигрибкових засобів. Комбінована терапія. Розробка гібридних протигрибкових агентів, що вражають дві або більше грибкових мішеней.
Acute effects of moderate-intensity constant training on circulatory fibroblast growth factor 21, resis-tin, and adiponectin of physically inactive young adults
Authors: Carrasco-Molina Jeremías , Iuspa-Santelices Giannina , Flores-Ojeda Francisca , Ruíz-Uribe Matías , Martínez-Huenchullán Sergio Francisco
Published: April 2024

Introduction: physical inactivity affects metabolic health, and it has been described that physical exercise is able to counter these disturbances. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21, resistin, and adiponectin are known cytokines that are sensitive to physical inactivity and exercise, however, their acute behaviour after one session of exercise in physically inactive young adults is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of a session of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on the circulatory levels of FGF21, resistin, and adiponectin of physically inactive young adults. Material and methods: quasi-experimental study, where 20 physically inactive young adults, with body mass indexes between 18 and 30 kg/m2 were included. All performed one MICT session, with an intensity of 60% of their heart rate reserve on a treadmill for 30 minutes. Anthropometric measurements were evaluated (weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, lean and fat mass) prior to exercise, and venous blood samples were taken before and after exercise, where glycemia, insulin, lipid profiles, transaminases, FGF21, resistin, and adiponectin were assessed. Results: one MICT session decreased the circulatory levels of insulin (median 23.5 vs 10.9 µUI/ml; p<0.05) and FGF21 (median 527 vs 409 pg/ml; p<0.05). On the other hand, resistin and adiponectin levels did not change after exercise (both p>0.05).
Conclusion: one MICT session decreased FGF21 plasma levels, whereas it did not modify resistin and adiponectin circulatory levels. The specific mechanisms behind this different behavior are needed to be elucidated in future studies.
Keywords: exercise, sedentary behavior, metabolic syndrome, endurance training, cytokines
A New Fixed-Point Theorem in b-Metric Space with Application
Authors: Rakesh Tiwari  , Rajesh Patel
Published: April 2024

The goal of this study is to provide a new contraction mapping in b-metric space. We build a fixed point result for this new contraction mapping; we also provide applications related to authenticity concerns in integral equations.
A utilização do Otto Diy como ferramenta pedagógica nas escolas: integrando programação e disciplinas diversas
Authors: Santana Kayky Bittencourt , Silva América Alves de Almeida , Souza Rafaela Rodrigues Santos , Pereira Luan Diego de Lima
Published: April 2024

O avanço constante da tecnologia tem gerado uma demanda crescente por habilidades de programação, destacando a importância da educação tecnológica no contexto pedagógico atual. Este artigo aborda essa temática, oferecendo uma análise sobre a inserção da robótica educacional na educação. Destaca-se o Otto DIY como uma solução viável para integrar a robótica no ambiente educacional. A pesquisa se baseou em fontes especializadas, citações de profissionais renomados e análises de sites voltados para robótica e programação. Os resultados corroboram a importância e a eficácia da abordagem proposta. Conclui-se que a robótica educacional representa uma oportunidade singular e inovadora no panorama educacional contemporâneo, reforçando a necessidade de sua adoção para preparar os estudantes para os desafios do futuro tecnológico.
Financing for the Strengthening of SMEs, a Study in Guasave, Sinaloa, Mexico
Authors: Atondo Osuna Jesus Francisco , Cabrera Montoya Santa Xiomara , Castro León Rubén Abel
Published: April 2024

The access to financing for SMEs is limited, posing a barrier to their growth and development. The lack of financial resources hinders their competitiveness in a globalized scenario. Therefore, the objective of this research is to describe the financial environment of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in the municipality of Guasave, Sinaloa, Mexico. The methodology involves a literature review and is contextualized based on the business environment of the region. The results reveal a lack of information and training for MSMEs to access financing. Additionally, credit institutions perceive risks in granting loans to companies with low production levels. Faced with this scenario of limited financial alternatives, the vulnerability of this productive sector in an increasingly globalized and demanding world is evident. Consequently, there is a need to reconsider financial policies, making access to various forms of leverage an achievable alternative for this universe of companies.
Foundation Treatment, Reinforcement and Design Optimization for Oil Storage Tanks at TAZAMA Pipelines Limited (Ndola, Copperbelt Province, Zambia)
Authors: Lupunga Mwansa Andrew , Huang Liang , Li Haotian
Published: April 2024

Addressing foundation soil consolidation and subsoil treatment/reinforcement pertaining to oil storage tanks is essential for ensuring their long-term structural stability and minimizing risks associated with ground movement. This study will specifically revolve around investigating Foundation Treatment, Reinforcement and Design Optimization for Oil Storage Tanks at TAZAMA Pipelines Limited Ndola Site, (a key player in the transportation of petroleum products between Zambia and Tanzania).  Key content of article: - Through systematic analysis of survey data of the target area, the engineering characteristics and distribution patterns of soft soil foundations in site area was analysed and appropriate foundation treatment and reinforcement methods of oil storage tanks within the area was taken into consideration.- Demonstrated significance of applying chosen method of optimization to address the soil consolidation issues; i.e. presented through level for level analysis of application model.- Considered a 50,000m3 floating roof oil storage tank foundation for soil consolidation optimization, analysing practicality and feasibility of study.The main author of this article served as a Civil Engineering Intern at TAZAMA Pipelines Limited.
Towards the Exploration of Social Considerations against the Intention to Use the Modern Contraception among Women in Union in Burundi
Authors: Sindayihebura Jean François Régis , Djourdebbé Franklin Bouba , Nganawara Didier , Barankanira Emmanuel , Manirakiza Désiré , Ndayitwayeko Willy-Marcel , Nsabimana Jean , Manirakiza René
Published: April 2024

Burundi, which intends to reduce its fertility from 5.5 to 3 children per woman, has seen the level of intention to use modern contraception decreasing from 66% to 53% between 2010 and 2016-2017. The aim of this study is therefore to explore the social considerations leading to non-intention to use modern contraception among women in union in Burundi. The study proceeds by thematic analysis of the content of the transcripts of 10 focus group discussions conducted in 5 provinces of the country. The results of the analysis show that these include side-effects experienced or feared, the absence of side-effect treatment services, the failure of some methods to prevent pregnancy, and religious opinions. In terms of social interactions, these include religious influences, myths and rumors, and the effects of social cohabitation. Women’s inability to self-determine their contraceptive decisions is also important. These results show that the socio-cultural influence of the community dominates women’s intention to use modern contraception, where the supply of family planning services does not attract users, due to a lack of side-effect treatment. To break down socio-cultural resistance, subsequent interventions would tend to reinsure potential clients of family planning services of the availability of the side-effect treatment package.
The Impact of Covid-19 on the Work Practices of Teaching and Administrative Staff in Public Universities in Ghana: A Qualitative Case Study
Authors: Larbie Ernestina , Owusu Anthony Akwesi , Owusu Georgina Asi
Published: April 2024

The outbreak of COVID-19 revealed the unpreparedness of many people and institutions to deal with crisis situation. The pandemic has brought about changes in the operations of both teaching and non-teaching personnel in institutions. The objective of this study was to explore the aftermath impact and challenges that the Covid-19 pandemic has had on the work of faculty members and administrators in a public university context. Employing a holistic case study design using a qualitative research approach, the study recruited 54 senior members (teaching and non-teaching) from five colleges, 18 Faculties/schools, and nine directorates senior members using a multi-stage selection techniques. The study found key challenges of administrative staff due to the pandemic to include staff unreceptiveness, role ambiguity, supervision issues, lesson plan and delivery issues, assessment issues, poor trainee disposition, trainee unpreparedness, among others. Participants also intimated that the pandemic has resulted in shifts to remote learning, requiring administrative support in the provision of Information communication Technology (ICT) services to ensure students’ access to the necessary technology, among others. A majority further mentioned measures such as strengthening institutional alert and response capacities through the creation of pandemic task forces, diversifying university academic programmes to attract massive student enrolments support, institutionalizing the use of blended learning modes among others to mitigate the adverse effects of future pandemics. These measures, according to the interviewees have been effective especially because they have resulted in flexible work and learning, which helps to improve institutional productivity and the finances of the university in the face of dwindling government subventions. The study concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic has brought about many challenges for teaching and administrative work in public universities and so these universities have to put in place effective measures to mitigate the adverse effects of future pandemics.
Extraction and Visual Test for Colour Fastness of Eco- Friendly Dye from Natural Plant (Calotropis Procera)
Authors: Nwonye N. , Ekezie S. , Ibokette M.
Published: April 2024

The study was on Extraction and Visual Test for Colour Fastness of Eco- Friendly Dye from Natural Plant (Calotropis Procera). The objectives of the study were the extraction of natural dye from Calotropis Procera plant; application of the extracted dyes on a fabric (white cotton); testing for color fastness of the dye on the fabric (cotton) using wash fastness; and testing for the color fastness of the dye on the fabric (cotton) using light fastness. The bark of Calotropis Procera was purchased from Itam market in Itu Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State. The dye was extracted using maceration and Soxhlet techniques with distilled water and ethanol respectively. The dye was extracted in four states. Using Soxhlet technique with ethanol and distilled water as solvents, the colours obtained after filtration were Nespresso and marigold respectively. Using maceration technique with ethanol and distilled water as solvents yielded Hollister and honey colours respectively. The extracted dyes were applied on cotton fabric treated with mordant. Colours obtained after dyeing using Nespresso was yellow, marigold gave blonde, Hollister was honey and honey colour resulted to butter. The wash fastness visual results for cotton fabrics dyed with dye extracted using Soxhlet and maceration with distilled water as solvent were rated 1-2 poor while the ones extracted with ethanol as solvent using same techniques were rated 3 and 2-3 respectively.
educação remota em tempos de pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Santos Cinthya Amaral , Jubé Cassira Lourdes De Alcantara Dias Ramos , Moreira Carolina Machado
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo tem como tema principal a representação social de alunos, professores e outros sujeitos aleatoriamente escolhidos, em relação a educação remota promovida em tempos de pandemia da Covid-19. O objetivo foi verificar qual o pensamento individual, dentro de uma certa coletividade a respeito do assunto proposto. O desenvolvimento do texto contou com duas partes, a primeira a parte teórica, em que se buscou delinear o conceito de educação, a diferença entre aula remota e EAD (Ensino a distância) e por fim o conceito da teoria da representação social, utilizada pela psicologia social. A segunda parte foi a discussão dos resultados, que foram tratados no Software Iramuteq. Para a colheita de dados foram passados 108 questionários, com duas perguntas de evocação, a primeira com o termo indutor “Educação e pandemia” e a segunda “Aula Remota e aprendizagem”. A primeira evocação foi analisada pela frequência de palavras e gerou como principais os vernáculos “Apreensiva”, “Medo”, “Cansativa” e “Chateada”. Apesar de não terem sido as mais evocadas, há uma interligação delas com as mais repetidas, inclusive dificuldade e internet, o que mostra que os sujeitos da pesquisa viram esse modo de estudo com apreensão e medo, tendo em vista a dificuldade de acesso as novas tecnologias. Isso os levou ao cansaço e a chateação. A segunda pergunta foi tratada na análise de similitude, que gerou uma arvore máxima, tendo palavras centrais “Esforço”, “Estudar”, “dificuldade” e “Internet”. Mais uma vez aparece a expressão dificuldade, ou seja, foi preciso um grande esforço para se estudar utilizando-se da internet e outros programas de computador.
impacto das fake news nas eleições presidenciais de 2018 e 2022
Authors: Curi Junior Aribelco , Alfaya Natalia Maria Ventura da Silva
Published: April 2024

Este artigo destaca o crescente debate em torno dos limites da liberdade de expressão, que se intensificou nos últimos anos. Examina-se como esse princípio jurídico fundamental tem sido distorcido, especialmente por grupos extremistas, entre os quais se destaca o "gabinete do ódio". Além disso,  oferece uma análise detalhada das principais fake news disseminadas durante as últimas eleições presidenciais por esses grupos. Ao examinar essas informações falsas, busca-se compreender como tais práticas influenciaram o processo eleitoral, destacando a importância de enfrentar os desafios associados à desinformação e preservar a integridade do sistema democrático. Destaca-se a relevância desse debate no contexto atual, considerando os impactos dessas distorções no panorama político e social.
Usina Hidrelétrica de Belo Monte
Authors: Silveira Clóvis Eduardo Malinverse da , Kaiser Mateus Vinícius , Cadó Sabrina
Published: April 2024

A instalação da Usina Hidrelétrica de Belo Monte foi responsável por uma crise socioambiental sem precedentes e os efeitos negativos engendrados a partir de sua construção se estendem até hoje. Com base nessa percepção, coloca-se o problema central deste estudo, qual seja, em que medida o Estado brasileiro, na instalação da usina de Belo Monte, violou os direitos humanos das comunidades tradicionais, direitos ambientais e de gênero, com ênfase no Direito Internacional. A pesquisa, redigida na forma de ensaio, a partir de revisão bibliográfica preliminar, conclui que o direito internacional foi violado em diversos pontos, para além das violações à legislação brasileira e à Constituição Federal.
Georreferenciamento de propriedades rurais
Authors: Minnicelli Luis Frederico de Medeiros Portolan Galvão , Queiroz Renata
Published: April 2024

Este estudo visa analisar o impacto do georreferenciamento de propriedades rurais no âmbito do Direito Agrário brasileiro, destacando suas implicações na regularização fundiária, segurança jurídica, resolução de conflitos e controle ambiental. A metodologia empregada neste estudo é baseada em uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática. A revisão abrangeu o período recente, com ênfase nos últimos cinco anos, a fim de incorporar as tendências mais atuais no campo. A análise dos materiais revisados foi realizada de maneira crítica, destacando os principais temas relacionados ao uso do georreferenciamento no contexto do Direito Agrário. A pesquisa ressalta a importância do georreferenciamento como instrumento para o controle ambiental, apontando para avanços significativos na identificação de áreas de preservação e práticas sustentáveis. Assim, conclui pela relevância do georreferenciamento na regularização fundiária, segurança jurídica e controle ambiental, aponta para a necessidade de estudos mais aprofundados sobre desafios práticos e estratégias para a implementação efetiva do georreferenciamento no contexto agrário.
Communication Behaviour of Fish Farmers of the FFPO on Scientific Fish Farming
Authors: Mondal Abdul Hannan , Dana Shyam Sundar , (Sarkar) Moumita Ray , Kumari Nandita , Karjee Ritika
Published: April 2024

The study examined the communication behaviour of within Fish Farmers Producer Organizations (FFPO) in the Purba Medinipur District of West Bengal in 2023. Using a descriptive research design, data were collected from 120 fish farmers representing four FFPOs in the district. 62.5 per cent regularly contacted fellow farmers for information among (personal localite channels) and, 57.5 per cent reached out to private company consultants, extension workers, or input dealers (personal cosmopolite channels). In terms of impersonal cosmopolite channels, 95 per cent used mobile apps and the Internet as their primary sources of fish-farm-related information. Fish farmers predominantly used personal localite channels to purchase improved seed varieties (80.83%) and feeding practices (72.5%). Personal cosmopolite channels were mainly employed to avail financial benefits (79.16%) and disease diagnosis and management (76.66%). Impersonal cosmopolite channels were utilized less, with 24.16 per cent for marketing and branding. Regarding information-processing behaviour, most respondents evaluated information through discussions with fellow farmers (67.5%) and deliberation based on previous experiences (34.16%). Information storage was accomplished through memorization (75.83%). Most respondents transferred information by sharing with their fellow members for localized awareness (27.5%). Implementing strategies like regular training, promoting information exchange, and utilizing extension services can improve the communication behaviour of fish farmers within FFPO.
Development of Multi-dimensional Scale to Measure the Abilities of Rural Women towards Entrepreneurship
Authors: Tripathy Maitreyee , Mishra Bishnupriya , Satapathy Guru Prasad
Published: April 2024

Entrepreneurship has emerged as a powerful tool for rural women’s empowerment, offering them opportunities to generate income, build self-confidence, and transform their lives. By engaging in entrepreneurial activities, rural women can leverage their skills, creativity, and local knowledge to establish and manage businesses that address the unique needs and challenges of their communities. The present study aimed to develop and validate a multi dimensional scale for evaluating rural women’s entrepreneurial skills, essential for empowering communities through the establishment of small businesses promoting economic progress. The study was conducted in 2023. 60 attitudinal items were initially gathered, evaluated for relevance, and examined. The scale’s final composition included 41 statements spread across six sub-dimensions viz. Cognitive skill, Motivational skill, Social & Relational skill, Management skill, Technical skill and Strategic skill. Cronbach’s Alpha was used to assess reliability, and the resultant coefficient of 0.81 was satisfactory. Expert evaluation was used to check the validity of the content. Researchers in relevant fields can use this standardized scale to evaluate rural women’s entrepreneurial abilities, either as is or with adjustments, promoting empowerment and community development.
Hyperloop For Logistics
Authors: Vedant Kishor Kasar  , Rudra Pushkar Gaidhani  , Atharva Milind Jadhav  , Malharsingh Vikramsingh Patil
Published: April 2024

In the dynamic landscape of transportation technology, the emergence of Hyperloop has sparked excitement and intrigue. This revolutionary mode of transportation, conceptualized by Elon Musk in 2013, promises to redefine the way we perceive distance, time, and efficiency in travel. In this introduction, we will delve into the essence of Hyperloop, its profound significance in the realm of transportation, and explore the purpose, structure, objectives, and scope of the capstone project dedicated to analyzing this transformative technology