bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling seasonal variation for mosquito-borne disease in the tropical monsoon environment
Authors: Zheng Ting-Ting , Nie Lin-Fei , Teng Zhidong , Luo Yantao
Published: September 2020

Mosquitoes play an important role in the spread of mosquito-borne diseases. Considering the sensitivity of mosquitoes’ aquatic stage to the seasonal shift, in this paper, we present a seasonally forced mosquito-borne epidemic model by incorporating mosquitoes’ aquatic stage (eggs, larvae, and pupae) and seasonal shift factor, which is a periodic discontinuous differential system. Firstly, some sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of a disease-free solution are obtained. Further, we define the basic reproduction number $\mathcal{R}_{0}$

R
0

, and obtain the stability of the disease-free solution when $\mathcal{R}_{0}$

R
0

is less than one. And, if $\mathcal{R}_{0}$

R
0

is greater than one, the mosquito-borne disease is uniformly persistent and the model admits a positive periodic solution. Finally, some numerical simulations are given to illustrate the main theoretical results. In addition, simulation results also imply that ignoring the effects of seasonal succession can overestimate or underestimate mosquito-borne disease trends.
Modeling plant virus propagation with Filippov control
Authors: Yang Youping , Zhang Tiantian
Published: September 2020

Plants play a vital role in the everyday life of all organisms on earth. This paper proposes a Filippov vector-borne plant disease model incorporating roguing of infected plants and spaying pesticides to relieve the economical devastation for growers and damage to humans, natural enemies and the environment. No control strategy is taken if the number of infected plants is less than an infected plant threshold level $I_{c}$

I
c

; further, infected plants are removed once the number of infected plants exceeds $I_{c}$

I
c

; meanwhile, pesticides are spayed if the number of infected vectors exceeds the infected vector threshold level $Y_{c}$

Y
c

. The global dynamics for the proposed system is investigated. Model solutions ultimately stabilize at the positive equilibrium that lies in the region above $I_{c}$

I
c

, or on $I=I_{c}$
I
=

I
c

, or below $I_{c}$

I
c

, depending on the threshold values $I_{c}$

I
c

and $Y_{c}$

Y
c

. The findings indicate that proper combinations of the infected plant and vector threshold values based on the threshold policy can maintain the number of infected plants either at a previously given level or below a certain threshold level.
Bridelia ferruginea Benth leaves attenuates diabetes nephropathy in STZ-induced rats via targeting NGAL/KIM-1/cystatin c gene
Authors: Omoboyowa Damilola Alex , Karigidi Kayode Olayele , Aribigbola Temitope Cosmas
Published: September 2020

Background

Renal failure is among the main complications of diabetes disorders and free radical from hyperglycemia is the major cause of this nephrotic complication. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of Bridelia ferruginea Benth on nephrotic damage in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced by injection of 50 mg/kg b. w. of STZ (intraperitoneal) in rats fasted overnight. Effect on nephropathy was assessed using biochemical, histological indices and gene expression of kidney tissue.

Results

The total flavonoids and phenolic content of petroleum ether fraction of B. ferruginea (PEFBF) was observed to be higher compared to diethyl ether fraction of B. ferruginea (DEFBF). The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl scavenging activity of the fractions were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced across the concentrations compared to the standard (gallic acid). The STZ-induced diabetic animals treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w. of PEFBF and DEFBF showed significant (P < 0.05) reduction in blood glucose level on days 7, 11 and 14 compared to untreated diabetic rats. STZ-induced diabetic rats significantly (P < 0.05) exhibited increase plasma urea, creatinine, protein and albumin level while treatment with both fractions of B. ferruginea reduced the level of these parameters in treated diabetic rats. B. ferruginea also caused down-regulation of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, kidney injury molecule-1 and cystatin c genes.

Conclusion

These results revealed that, the plant has hypoglycemic activity therefore provides a pharmacological basis for its folkloric use in the management of hyperglycemia and its associated renal dysfunction.
Preclinical assessment of intravitreal ramucirumab: in vitro and in vivo safety profile
Authors: de Moraes Neto Jarbas Emílio , Pereira Felipe , Neves Raquel Leão , de Barros Nilana Meza Tenório , Gil Cristiane Damas , Fernandes Arthur Gustavo , Watanabe Sung Eun Song , Meyer Carsten Helmut , Farah Michel Eid , Rodrigues Eduardo Buchele
Published: September 2020

Background

Anti-angiogenic drugs remain the mainstay therapy for several vascular retinal pathologies. The repurposing of approved anti-angiogenic drugs for use in ophthalmology can increase therapeutic options and reduce costs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ocular safety profile of intravitreal (IVT) ramucirumab, an approved anti-vascular endothelial growth factor molecule for systemic treatment, using cell culture and animal models.

Methods

The cytotoxicity of ramucirumab at different concentrations was evaluated in human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) using the MTT assay. In addition, 250 or 500 µg of ramucirumab or vehicle was injected in the eye of 16 chinchilla rabbits. The eyes were evaluated by ophthalmoscopy, electroretinography, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and by light and transmission electron microscopy.

Results

Electroretinography or SD-OCT did not detect functional or morphological alterations at 24 h or one week after injection. Light and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the absence of major signs of toxicity, although we found a statistically significant reduction in ganglion cell number between the controls and the eyes that received 500 µg of ramucirumab after 7 days. Compared to lower concentrations, 500 µg of ramucirumab caused reduction in cell viability and changes in morphology in ARPE-19 cells. Compared to the baseline, ocular and serum osmolarity showed no difference after IVT injection at all timepoints.

Conclusion

In conclusion, IVT injection of ramucirumab in rabbits is safe and does not cause functional damage to the retina. At the lower dose tested in vivo (250 µg), the morphology and ultrastructural anatomy were normal at 24 h and 1 week after the injection. However, the 500 µg dose can cause a decrease in ganglion cell number seven days after the injection.
Systematic Assessment of Tumor Purity and Its Clinical Implications
Authors: Haider Syed , Tyekucheva Svitlana , Prandi Davide , Fox Natalie S. , Ahn Jaeil , Xu Andrew Wei , Pantazi Angeliki , Park Peter J. , Laird Peter W. , Sander Chris , Wang Wenyi , Demichelis Francesca , Loda Massimo , Boutros Paul C. ,   The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network
Published: September 2020

PURPOSE

The tumor microenvironment is complex, comprising heterogeneous cellular populations. As molecular profiles are frequently generated using bulk tissue sections, they represent an admixture of multiple cell types (including immune, stromal, and cancer cells) interacting with each other. Therefore, these molecular profiles are confounded by signals emanating from many cell types. Accurate assessment of residual cancer cell fraction is crucial for parameterization and interpretation of genomic analyses, as well as for accurately interpreting the clinical properties of the tumor.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

To benchmark cancer cell fraction estimation methods, 10 estimators were applied to a clinical cohort of 333 patients with prostate cancer. These methods include gold-standard multiobserver pathology estimates, as well as estimates inferred from genome, epigenome, and transcriptome data. In addition, two methods based on genomic and transcriptomic profiles were used to quantify tumor purity in 4,497 tumors across 12 cancer types. Bulk mRNA and microRNA profiles were subject to in silico deconvolution to estimate cancer cell–specific mRNA and microRNA profiles.

RESULTS

We present a systematic comparison of 10 tumor purity estimation methods on a cohort of 333 prostate tumors. We quantify variation among purity estimation methods and demonstrate how this influences interpretation of clinico-genomic analyses. Our data show poor concordance between pathologic and molecular purity estimates, necessitating caution when interpreting molecular results. Limited concordance between DNA- and mRNA-derived purity estimates remained a general pan-cancer phenomenon when tested in an additional 4,497 tumors spanning 12 cancer types.

CONCLUSION

The choice of tumor purity estimation method may have a profound impact on the interpretation of genomic assays. Taken together, these data highlight the need for improved assessment of tumor purity and quantitation of its influences on the molecular hallmarks of cancers.
Guy H. Orcutt’s Engineering Microsimulation to Reengineer Society
Authors: Cheng Chung-Tang
Published: September 2020

This essay examines how microanalytic simulation (microsimulation) proposed by Guy H. Orcutt emerged as a tool in evaluating public policies. Inspired by the econometric work of Jan Tinbergen, young Orcutt harbored a “Tinbergen dream” in building a model covering the national economy. Early in his career, he had developed an analogue electrical-mechanical “regression analyzer” to calculate statistical estimates. During the mid-1950s, he shifted to micro-level data and the Monte Carlo method, and then created the first microanalytic simulation of demographic variables. After a failed trial at the University of Wisconsin, his ambitious microsimulation finally succeeded at the Urban Institute, constituted as the Dynamic Simulation of Income Model. Since the late-1970s, microsimulation have been used to understand the economic consequences of welfare and redistributive policies. As a pretrained electrical engineer and physicist, Orcutt viewed the socioeconomic system as an electrical-mechanical network. Microsimulation was an engine designed for not only scrutinizing the system but reengineering the society.
Treatment approaches in relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphomas
Authors: Foster Cheryl , Kuruvilla John
Published: September 2020

Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are a heterogeneous group of rare and aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Clinical staging, prognostic scoring, and initial treatment strategies have historically been based on paradigms developed in B-cell lymphomas. Despite primary treatment protocols that are typically anthracycline-based and frequently involve consolidative autologous stem cell transplantation in first remission, many patients develop disease progression. There remains a high unmet medical need for improved treatment strategies in the relapsed or refractory setting. Salvage chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation in those who are suitable has traditionally been the accepted approach, but this remains a minority of the total patient population. As increasing knowledge is gleaned regarding the biological heterogeneity within the various PTCL subtypes, newer targeted agents have been developed, studied, and approved in this small, heterogeneous population of relapsed or refractory disease. Given its success and tolerability in this pretreated population, brentuximab vedotin, an anti-CD30 antibody drug conjugate, was brought earlier in the disease course and is a model for advances in the targeted treatment of PTCL. As others undergo further development in the relapsed setting and successes are brought earlier in the disease course, the outcome for PTCL patients is likely to improve. However, innovative clinical trial designs are crucial for the assessment of targeted agents in this highly heterogeneous population. This review explores the current treatment environment for patients with relapsed and refractory PTCL, including newer strategies such as targeted agents and immunotherapy.
DISCONNECTIONS IN 0.4 KV ELECTRIC NETWORKS: QUANTITY, REASONS AND COUNTER MEASURES
Authors: Vinogradov Aleksandr , Bol'shev Vadim , Vinogradova Alina
Published: September 2020

Studies were carried out with the aim of analyzing blackouts in electric networks of 0.4 ... 10 kV and determining the main countermeasures to reduce their number. As an indicator of reliability, the failure rate of the main network elements is analyzed. The total number of outages considered included consumer outages, outages due to damage to 0.4 kV overhead power lines (transmission lines) and transformer substation (TS) equipment. The studies were carried out on the basis of the data of Mtsenskiy, Orloyskiy and Pokrovsky districts of electric networks of “Oreloenergo” – a branch of PJSC “MRSK Center” and JSC “Oreloblenergo” in the period from 2015 to 2017. Most of the causes of damage to power line equipment of 0.4 and transformer substations of 10/0.4 kV can be prevented by increasing the level of its maintenance and conducting timely diagnostics. The determination of quantitative indicators of the effectiveness of countermeasures to reduce the number of outages is difficult due to the lack of technical condition monitoring systems in electric networks. The main measures aimed at solving this problem in 0.4 kV networks are the transition to power lines with insulated wires; improving the design of switching devices, switches and transformer leads; the use of diagnostic tools; disaggregation of power lines. Replacing the equipment of electric grids with new types provides the economic effect of reducing the frequency of failures, as well as saving due to a reduction in maintenance costs. In particular, replacing transformers with hermetic ones allows reducing electricity shortfalls by 43.6%, and insulated wires by 95.3%
Upstream Exploitation and Strategic Disclosure
Authors: Guo Liang
Published: September 2020

Incentive to mitigate upstream exploitation by input suppliers can yield intermediate disclosure where both very good and very bad news are withheld even when disclosure is costless.
A escrita de Graciliano Ramos nas páginas de Cultura Política: revista mensal de estudos brasileiros
Authors: Faria Patricia Aparecida Gonçalves de
Published: September 2020

Aliando a prática da escrita de romances e contos com a imprensa, Graciliano Ramos (1892-1953), colaborou durante os anos de 1941 a 1944, com Cultura Política: revista mensal de estudos brasileiros (1941-1944), principal publicação do Departamento de Imprensa e Propaganda (DIP), controlado pelo Estado Novo, responsável pela sua prisão em 1936, sem a mínima acusação formal. Assim, considerando o percurso intelectual e literário do autor de Vidas Secas, este trabalho pretende, a partir de teóricos como Antelo (1984), Andrade (1941),  Candido (2001), Salla(2010), Velloso (1982), entre outros, levantar as características da revista e as suas estratégias para manter em seu rol de colaboradores figuras importantes, como Graciliano Ramos e, ainda, levantar as publicações do autor para o periódico verificando as estratégias de escrita utilizadas pelo escritor para servir o Estado sem, contudo, se render a ideologia do governo.
Os simples, de Guerra Junqueiro, e a imprensa carioca
Authors: Santos Simões Junior Alvaro
Published: September 2020

De 1890 a 1893, ocorreu em Portugal um intenso movimento literário como resultado da assimilação das ideias decadentistas-simbolistas emanadas de França. Publicaram-se nesse período dezesseis obras com tendências inovadoras. No Rio de Janeiro, a imprensa acompanhou sem muito entusiasmo as notícias e as polêmicas motivadas pelas publicações e atitudes de Eugênio de Castro, Antônio Nobre e Alberto de Oliveira, entre outros jovens escritores.  No entanto, a obra decadentista-simbolista que mais despertou interesse dos jornais e revistas cariocas foram Os simples, livro de poesia lírica publicado pelo veterano Guerra Junqueiro em 1892. A análise de notícias, resenhas e artigos sobre essa obra possibilita compreender um pouco melhor o modo por que se deu a assimilação do decadentismo-simbolismo no Brasil.
Das revistas aos livros: Machado de Assis, Jules Verne e seus editores
Authors: Granja Lucia
Published: September 2020

Este artigo estuda alguns aspectos da relação entre dois editores (Baptiste-Louis Garnier e Pierre-Jules Hetzel) e dois de seus escritores (respectivamente, Machado de Assis e Jules Verne), uma dupla na França e outra no Brasil. O objetivo da pesquisa é demonstrar que as ações editorias de Baptiste-Louis Garnier, se comparadas às de grandes editores franceses de meados do século XIX, revelam a circulação de métodos para a produção de conteúdos literários e para a ampliação das formas de circulação dos textos de ficção, primeiramente nos periódicos e, depois, nos livros. Adota-se, nesta pesquisa, a perspectiva de que uma literatura nacional não é apenas fruto da produção de um país, mas toma forma como resultado de contatos entre várias partes do globo, trocas culturais e ações de mediadores. Nesse processos, as tensões entre editores e escritores, comparativamente estudados, revelam novidades sobre suas trajetórias de consagração e de aquisição de capital simbólico, na conceituação de Pierre Bourdieu.
Orpheu e a imprensa no caderno de Alfredo Guisado: “Recortes” de uma revista literária
Authors: Gebra Fernando De Moraes
Published: September 2020

Alfredo Guisado (1891-1975) organizou um caderno de recortes de imprensa sobre a revista Orpheu em 1915. Muitos desses textos coletados e arquivados no caderno de recortes foram publicados e comentados por Alfredo Guisado na sua página literária no jornal República, principalmente na década de 1960. O presente artigo examina esses textos onde se citam e se transcrevem integralmente recortes da imprensa portuguesa de 1915. A crítica literária, entendida como um gênero do discurso, responde a enunciados anteriores, estabelecendo com eles uma relação viva e tensa, conforme Mikhail Bakhtin. Analiso neste artigo o confronto entre três enunciações: a) o discurso da imprensa portuguesa em 1915 acerca da recepção de Orpheu; b) o discurso dos presencistas vistos como discurso de outrem no interior das enunciações de Alfredo Guisado na década de 1960; c) o discurso de Guisado, marcado por ironias, polêmica velada e até mesmo polêmica aberta. Guisado tinha, pois, como objetivo esclarecer ao público como se pautavam os juízos da crítica de então e, ao mesmo tempo, responder a atitudes discursivas de membros da geração da revista presença, que propagava no meio literário português a ideia de terem sido eles os grandes divulgadores dos textos dos de Orpheu.
Entrevista à Professora Doutora Constância Lima Duarte
Authors: Levin Orna Messer , Duarte Constância Lima
Published: September 2020

Entrevista
Measurement of the magnetic properties of thin films based on the spin Hall effect of light
Authors: Li Tong , Wang Qi , Taallah Ayoub , Zhang Sijie , Yu Tian , Zhang Zhiyou
Published: September 2020

Using the spin Hall effect of light, this work proposes a measurement technique of the magnetic properties of thin films. The beam shift of the spin Hall effect of light is used to replace the magneto-optical Kerr rotation angle as a parameter to characterize the magnetism of thin films. The technique can easily achieve an accuracy of 10−6 rad of the magneto-optical Kerr rotation angle which can, in theory, be further improved to 10−8 rad. We also proposed two methods to solve the problem of the exceeding linear response region of the measurement under high magnetic field intensity, making it more conducive to practical application. This technique has great potential for application in the magnetic measurement of ultra-thin films with particular emphasis on thicknesses within several atomic layers.
Platform policies in the European Union: Competition and public interest in media markets
Authors: Evens Tom , Donders Karen , Afilipoaie Adelaida
Published: September 2020

This article examines which platform policies the European Commission has developed over the last couple of years and whether its policies are taking into account the differences in platform power. We first identify the main structures of platform power. Secondly, we confront the European Commission’s policies affecting media and communication platforms with those structures. Thirdly, we discuss whether what the European Commission is doing will make sense in the longer run. We end with some conclusions and recommendations for further research and policy. Our main finding is that the approach of the European Commission cannot live up to expectations, simply because it is too fragmented in terms of tackling the different dimensions of platform power together. Moreover, in the focus on detrimental effects of (some) platforms on competition, public interest issues often remain neglected.
Nordic production studies at the edge of the 2020s
Authors: Redvall Eva Novrup
Published: September 2020

This article outlines the main developments in Nordic film and television production studies in the 2000s, focusing on recent publications as well as the value of research collaborations, centres and conferences. The article also highlights current trends such as an ongoing interest in creating stronger connections between production and audience studies.
National broadcasting, international audiences: How cultural difference is represented in the Danish television dramas Ride upon the Storm, Liberty and Greyzone
Authors: Hallsworth Djuna
Published: September 2020

Denmark represents a noteworthy – and rather successful – example of where state-funded public service broadcasters have retained strong branding locally while asserting an online streaming presence and negotiating sustainable transnational partnerships for future collaboration, thus consolidating domestic and international markets. This article analyses the impact of the shift away from national broadcasting towards transnational production cultures on the Danish domestic market, historically dominated by local public service broadcasters: Danmarks Radio and TV2. Using the television dramas Ride upon the Storm, Liberty and Greyzone as case studies, the article examines the idea that trends towards harnessing global audiences and fostering transnational production collaborations may partially undermine the distinctive cultural and linguistic features of Danish television drama.
Empowering the minority co-producer through European financial co-productions: The case of DFI International
Authors: Mitric Petar
Published: September 2020

The article introduces the notion of the European financial co-production, characterized by the mandatory cultural value of the script and empowerment of the minority co-producer through risk-sharing in financing. Eurimages, the Council of Europe’s film fund, inaugurated the first policies promoting European financial co-productions more than two decades ago by introducing the European Convention on Cinematographic Co-production. Many European film funds have followed the same policies on the national level, but the Danish Film Institute has been by far the most innovative. This article explores in more detail the DFI’s internationalization policy actions, particularly its minority co-production scheme, which democratized the practice of European co-production that traditionally had been the sole purview of a narrow circle of high-profile European producers. The shift enabled young Danish producers to engage in minority co-productions, popularizing co-production as a model among Danish producers of all calibres and triggering a dynamic knowledge transfer between co-producers.
Studying women in Swedish film production: Methodological considerations
Authors: Jansson Maria , Papadopoulou Frantzeska , Stigsdotter Ingrid , Wallenberg Louise
Published: September 2020

This article presents methodological reflections on feminist production studies, with examples from an ongoing multidisciplinary project about women in Swedish film. Topics addressed include using interviews to understand production, the challenges connected to analysing women’s experiences, and the ethical dilemmas related to interpreting them.
Prophylactic impact of nano-selenium on performance, carcasses quality, and tissues' selenium concentration using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography during microbial challenge in broiler chickens
Authors: Soliman Essam S. , Mahmoud Fadwa F. , Fadel Mai A. , Hamad Rania T.
Published: September 2020

Background and Aim: Nano-selenium (NS) supplementation contributes in improving productivity, performance, and meat quality while reducing public health concern. Influence of NS and inorganic selenium (Se) water additive on performance, carcass quality, immunoglobulin concentration, intestinal microbiota, Se tissue concentrations, and tissue architecture was studied.

Materials and Methods: Two-hundred and sixty 1-day-old Hubbard chicks were randomly grouped into five groups (5×52) and supplemented with 0.5 and 1.0 mL of NS and inorganic Se (100 mg.L-1). G1, G2, G3, and G4 were challenged with Escherichia coli O157: H7 2.6×108 on the 14th day. A total of 2250 samples, including 250 sera, 250 intestinal swabs, and 1500 organ and tissue samples as liver, spleen, heart, bursa, intestine, and breast muscles, and 250 eviscerated carcasses were collected.

Results: The results revealed a highly significant increase (p<0.01) in live body weights, weight gains, performance indices, carcasses, and organs weights, whereas immunoglobulin G and M concentrations in broilers treated with 0.5 and 1.0 mL NS, respectively, synchronized reveal a highly significant decline (p<0.01) in total bacterial and Enterobacteriaceae counts of intestinal swabs and breast muscles, final pH24, and drip loss in broilers treated with 0.5 and 1.0 mL NS, respectively. Meanwhile, water holding capacity revealed no significant differences between all groups. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography examination revealed the earlier disappearance of NS residues than inorganic Se from the broiler's liver and muscles. Histopathological photomicrographs of the liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius, and intestine, as well as, the immunohistochemistry of intestinal sections revealed superior tissue architecture in broilers treated with NS contrary to inorganic Se.

Conclusion: The study showed significant stimulation actions of NS on performance, immunity, carcass and meat quality, intestinal and muscles' bacterial load as well as short withdrawal period and nearly normal cellular architecture compared to inorganic Se.
al-Kafā’atu al-Żātiyyatu Ladā al- Ṭalabati fī Tanfīżi Istirātījiyyāti Ta’līmi ISSO (al-Ta’līmi al-Żātīy wa al-Iyhāiyyati wa al-Muţaşhili al-Mubāsyiri)
Authors: Deviana Ade Destri
Published: September 2020

Arabic Learning Concentration centered on writing skills (kitābah) is the teacher's step to perfect the student’s mastery of mahāratu al-lughawiyyah. Its achievement is in accordance with the 2013 curriculum and the needs of students are able to make sentences and practice of qawāid nahwiyah (imlā'), compile simple paragraphs (insha'), and translate (tarjamah). The teacher is also able to direct students to be confident in their ability to do the kitābah assignment which is considered difficult and monotonous by using learning strategies during the government policy for conducting e-learning at home because of the Covid-19 virus. This study uses questionnaires, interviews, and direct participant observation with a qualitative descriptive approach.  The sample is 10 grade students in their second semester of MANPK-MAN 4 Banjar Indonesia academic year 2019-2020, aiming to determine students' self-efficacy in the implementation of the kitābah learning strategy, so that students are able to maintain their confidence. The results of the study were students' self-efficacy at a high level with an average value of 3.10 and the kitābah learning strategy used was ISSO (Independent Study, suggestopedia with Online). Independent Study makes students actively study and try to be independent. Suggestopedia as a process of generating student motivation uses sound, film and games. Most students (14%) enjoy online learning because they do not have to go to school, references are available on Google and learning can be done while relaxing. Other students (86%) prefer offline or in class learning because they could meet face to face, interact, understand clearly, be focused and effective.

Keywords: Self-Efficacy, Kitābah, Independent Study, Suggestopedia, Online, Covid-19
Os componentes na prótese sobre implantes - Parte I: coroas unitárias
Authors: Fadanelli Marcos Alexandre
Published: September 2020

Em meio a uma situação jamais vivida por nós — a pandemia do COVID-19 —, aconteceu algo também jamais visto na Odontologia: uma outra pandemia, de lives no Instagram. Algo realmente diferente e, ao mesmo tempo, fantástico, pois se tratou de uma avalanche de informações bastante pertinentes, embasadas, gratuitas e que puderam, certamente, ajudar muitos colegas dentistas a compreender melhor inúmeras situações relacionadas à nossa profissão. Eu participei de algumas como protagonista, com diferentes temas e discussões. Em uma das lives que participei, discutindo o tema “A prótese sobre implante no dia a dia do clínico”, surgiu a ideia de escrever essa coluna.
Zeal Odontologia
Authors: Melo Thiago , Melo Norma , Melo Andrea
Published: September 2020

O objetivo para o projeto da Zeal era comunicar no ambiente os nossos valores. A palavra zeal , em inglês (zelo, em português), significa: “Grande cuidado e preocupação que se dedica a alguém ou algo.” Fonte: Dicionário online de português. O ambiente deveria traduzir acolhimento, empatia, segurança e cuidado. Priorizou-se uma sala de estar com tons de madeira para trazer a sensação de acolhimento. O espaço era associado à copa, com móveis aconchegantes, traduzindo a sensação de estar em uma casa. O objetivo era fugir do padrão de entrada das clínicas, com sofás ou cadeiras de espera em frente a um balcão de recepcionista. Para isso, optou-se pelo lounge de entrada livre de balcão e o escritório administrativo utilizado para as marcações de consulta e assuntos burocráticos com pacientes.
Działania amerykańskich biskupów katolickich na rzecz ofiar wykorzystywania seksualnego przez duchownych. Wytyczne Komisji do spraw Ochrony Dzieci i Młodzieży
Authors: KŁOS-SKRZYPCZAK ALEKSANDRA
Published: September 2020

The American Catholic Church for more than two decades faced with a crisis through in connection with the sexual abuse of minors. The article presents the actions of American bishops for victims of sexual abuse by clergy in both preventive and preventive care. The fi rst part presents the functioning of the Committee for the Protection of Children and Young People, then discusses the most important, recently published documents relating to the sexual abuse of minors.
Przemiany roli ojca we współczesnej kulturze. Implikacje pedagogiczne
Authors: Lewicka Monika
Published: September 2020

Celem artykułu jest refleksja nad przemianami roli ojca w kontekście zachodzących zmian społeczno-kulturowych. Rola ojca wiąże się z określonym zespołem zadań, norm i oczekiwań, które ulegają zmianie. W artykule podjęta została problematyka ojcostwa w tradycyjnym ujęciu, by na jego kanwie zaprezentować współczesne postrzeganie: roli ojca w rozwoju dziecka, wpisanych w rolę funkcji i zadań. Problematyka współczesnego ojcostwa analizowana jest w kategoriach ojcostwa zaangażowanego. Uwaga autorki koncentruje się również na przekazie wartości przez ojca.
Measurement Performance Evaluation of Tactile Pressure Sensor with Different Particle Sizes and Sensor Curvatures
Authors: Liu KaiYuan , Xu ChengShun , Zhang Xiaoling
Published: September 2020

In small-scale geotechnical experiments, using a tactile pressure sensor (TPS) to measure soil pressure distribution on a curved surface can effectively reduce errors of mismatch caused by size, stiffness, and incomplete fitting with the measured object. TPS has more benefits than soil pressure cells in measuring curve surface pressure, but some issues remain unclear, such as the effect of negative-piezoresistivity and particle size on the measurement. In this article, the author first puts forward a method to effectively reduce the errors of TPS in the low-pressure measurement zone. Then, through a load test in six types of narrow-graded sand, the ratio of the maximum particle size to the size of the sensor unit is obtained, and the effect of negative piezoresistivity on the measurement is evaluated. Finally, a small laboratory test proves that TPS can comprehensively and meticulously reflect the pressure on the pile. After careful calibration and considering the effect of deflection and particle size, it is shown that the measurement errors can be kept within an acceptable range.
SYNGAP1Controls the Maturation of Dendrites, Synaptic Function, and Network Activity in Developing Human Neurons
Authors: Llamosas Nerea , Arora Vineet , Vij Ridhima , Kilinc Murat , Bijoch Lukasz , Rojas Camilo , Reich Adrian , Sridharan BanuPriya , Willems Erik , Piper David R. , Scampavia Louis , Spicer Timothy P. , Miller Courtney A. , Holder J. Lloyd , Rumbaugh Gavin
Published: September 2020

SYNGAP1is a major genetic risk factor for global developmental delay, autism spectrum disorder, and epileptic encephalopathy.De novoloss-of-function variants in this gene cause a neurodevelopmental disorder defined by cognitive impairment, social-communication disorder, and early-onset seizures. Cell biological studies in mouse and rat neurons have shown thatSyngap1regulates developing excitatory synapse structure and function, with loss-of-function variants driving formation of larger dendritic spines and stronger glutamatergic transmission. However, studies to date have been limited to mouse and rat neurons. Therefore, it remains unknown howSYNGAP1loss of function impacts the development and function of human neurons. To address this, we used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to ablateSYNGAP1protein expression in neurons derived from a commercially available induced pluripotent stem cell line (hiPSC) obtained from a human female donor. Reducing SynGAP protein expression in developing hiPSC-derived neurons enhanced dendritic morphogenesis, leading to larger neurons compared with those derived from isogenic controls. Consistent with larger dendritic fields, we also observed a greater number of morphologically defined excitatory synapses in cultures containing these neurons. Moreover, neurons with reduced SynGAP protein had stronger excitatory synapses and expressed synaptic activity earlier in development. Finally, distributed network spiking activity appeared earlier, was substantially elevated, and exhibited greater bursting behavior inSYNGAP1null neurons. We conclude thatSYNGAP1regulates the postmitotic maturation of human neurons made from hiPSCs, which influences how activity develops within nascent neural networks. Alterations to this fundamental neurodevelopmental process may contribute to the etiology ofSYNGAP1-related disorders.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSYNGAP1is a major genetic risk factor for global developmental delay, autism spectrum disorder, and epileptic encephalopathy. While this gene is well studied in rodent neurons, its function in human neurons remains unknown. We used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to disruptSYNGAP1protein expression in neurons derived from an induced pluripotent stem cell line. We found that induced neurons lacking SynGAP expression exhibited accelerated dendritic morphogenesis, increased accumulation of postsynaptic markers, early expression of synapse activity, enhanced excitatory synaptic strength, and early onset of neural network activity. We conclude thatSYNGAP1regulates the postmitotic differentiation rate of developing human neurons and disrupting this process impacts the function of nascent neural networks. These altered developmental processes may contribute to the etiology ofSYNGAP1disorders.
Inferior outcome of neuroendocrine tumor patients negative on somatostatin receptor imaging
Authors: Refardt Julie , Zandee Wouter T , Brabander Tessa , Feelders Richard A , Franssen Gaston J H , Hofland Leo J , Christ Emanuel , de Herder Wouter W , Hofland Johannes
Published: September 2020

Sufficient expression of somatostatin receptor (SSTR) in well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is crucial for treatment with somatostatin analogs (SSAs) and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) using radiolabeled SSAs. Impaired prognosis has been described for SSTR-negative NET patients; however, studies comparing matched SSTR-positive and -negative subjects who have not received PRRT are missing. This retrospective analysis of two prospectively maintained NET databases aimed to compare matched metastatic grade 1 or 2 SSTR-positive and –negative NET patients. SSTR-negativity was defined as having insufficient tumor uptake on diagnostic SSTR imaging. Patients that underwent PRRT were excluded. Seventy-seven SSTR-negative and 248 SSTR-positive grade 1–2 NET patients were included. Median overall survival rates were significantly lower for SSTR-negative compared to SSTR-positive NET patients (53 months vs 131 months; P < 0.001). To adjust for possible confounding by age, gender, grade and site of origin, 69 SSTR-negative NET patients were propensity score matched to 69 SSTR-positive NET patients. Group characteristics were similar, with the exception of SSTR-negative patients receiving more often chemotherapy and targeted treatment. The inferior survival outcome of SSTR-negative compared to SSTR-positive NET patients persisted with a median overall survival of 38 months vs 131 months (P = 0.012). This relationship upheld when correcting for the main influencing factors of having a higher grade tumor or receiving surgery in a multivariate Cox regression analysis. In conclusion, we showed that propensity score-matched SSTR-negative NET patients continue to have a worse prognosis compared to SSTR-positive NET patients despite receiving more aggressive treatment. Differences in tumor biology likely underlie this survival deficit.
miR-199a-5p stimulates ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis in polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Shao Shuai , Wang Hui , Shao Wei , Liu Na
Published: September 2020

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder and one of the most common causes of infertility in women. PCOS patients have been found with dysregulated miRNA, which is indicative of their roles as noninvasive biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets in PCOS. Herein, this study sets out to explore the mechanism of action of miR-199a-5p in PCOS in relation to the janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK/STAT3) pathway via Wilms’ tumor 1 (WT1) regulation in a rat model of PCOS. The expression of miR-199a-5p was highly expressed in ovarian cortical tissues and serum of PCOS patients, as examined by RT-qPCR. Ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) were harvested from PCOS rat model, followed by subsequent purification. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments of miR-199a-5p were performed to determine its functions in PCOS. Cell viability, cell apoptosis and serum hormone levels were assessed, the results of which showed that downregulation of miR-199a-5p contributed to the promotion of GC viability and inhibition of apoptosis, while simultaneously inducing the elevation of serum E2 level and reduction of serum AMH, PG, LH and FSH levels in the PCOS rat model. WT1 was identified as a target gene of miR-199a-5p by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, and inhibition of miR-199a-5p resulted in the activation of WT1-mediated JAK/STAT3 pathway. The activated JAK/STAT3 pathway suppressed the development of PCOS by miR-199a-5p, indicating a mechanism by which miR-199a-5p could potentially prevent PCOS through the WT1-mediated JAK/STAT3 pathway.
Housing temperature affects the circadian rhythm of hepatic metabolism and clock genes
Authors: Rabearivony Anjara , Li Huan , Zhang Shiyao , Chen Siyu , An Xiaofei , Liu Chang
Published: September 2020

Environmental temperature remarkably impacts on metabolic homeostasis, raising a serious concern about the optimum housing temperature for translational studies. Recent studies suggested that mice should be housed slightly below their thermoneutral temperature (26°C). On the other hand, the external temperature, also known as a zeitgeber, can reset the circadian rhythm. However, whether housing temperature affects the circadian oscillators of the liver remains unknown. Therefore, we have compared the effect of two housing temperatures, namely 21°C (conventional; TC) and 26°C (thermoneutral; TN), on the circadian rhythms in mice. We found that the rhythmicity of food intake showed an advanced phase at TC, while the activity was more robust at TN, with a prolonged period onset. The serum levels of norepinephrine were remarkably induced at TC, but failed to oscillate rhythmically at both temperatures. Likewise, circulating glucose levels were increased but were non-rhythmic under TC. Both total cholesterol and triglycerides levels were induced at TN, but showed an advanced phase under TC. Additionally, the expression of hepatic metabolic genes and clock genes remained rhythmic at both temperatures, with the exception of G6Pase, Fasn, Cpt1a and Cry2, at TN. Nevertheless, the liver histology examination did not show any significant changes in response to housing temperature. Although the non-consistent trends of phase changes in each temperature, our results suggest a non-reductant role of temperature in mouse internal rhythmicity resetting. Thus, the temperature-controlled internal circadian synchronization within organs should be taken into consideration when optimizing housing temperature for mice.
Caracterización de las inteligencias múltiples en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Closas Antonio Humberto , Estigarribia Bieber María Laura , Rohde Gricela Alicia , De Castro Idalia Gabriela , Dusicka María Alicia
Published: September 2020

El rendimiento académico, un fenómeno multicausal, constituye la manifestación formal y expresa del grado de aprendizaje del alumno. Este trabajo toma como objeto de estudio la inteligencia, desde la visión de Howard Gardner; recuperando la riqueza de su enfoque multidimensional y sus posibles proyecciones en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Tiene por objetivo realizar un diagnóstico exploratorio de su representación en una comunidad de estudiantes universitarios de primer año, describiendo las principales características aptitudinales de los jóvenes. La investigación posee dos partes, la primera corresponde al análisis teórico, mientras que la segunda se relaciona con el estudio empírico. La muestra, formada por alumnos de la asignatura Instituciones del Derecho Privado I, de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, resultó elegida de manera no probabilística y por conveniencia; está compuesta por 156 sujetos. Se trata de una investigación no experimental y exploratoria, de estilo descriptivo, mediante encuesta; de línea cuantitativa y corte transversal. Se utilizó un test de inteligencias múltiples, de 35 preguntas, organizadas en 5 ítems para cada una de las áreas de la inteligencia consideradas (Lingüística, Musical, Lógico-matemática, Espacial, Cinestésico-corporal, Intrapersonal e Interpersonal). En la etapa empírica de este estudio, los análisis estadísticos descriptivos, de fiabilidad y factorial, permitieron reconocer que el cuestionario utilizado puede considerarse un instrumento confiable y que posee validez de constructo (fue posible identificar una estructura trifactorial). Se considera asimismo que este trabajo representa un paso necesario para estudiar las relaciones estadísticamente significativas que podrían presentarse entre los tipos de inteligencia y el rendimiento académico de los alumnos de la muestra.
Historia de la educación contable en Colombia: la aparición de las primeras escuelas y facultades de Contabilidad
Authors: Rocha Rodríguez Maritza Viviana , Martínez González Ingrid Viviana
Published: September 2020

El presente artículo tiene como fin describir cuáles fueron las primeras escuelas de comercio en Colombia y las primeras universidades que crearon programas de Contaduría Pública en el país. En la segunda mitad del siglo XIX se dio comienzo a la enseñanza de los conocimientos mercantiles y, por ende, de la contabilidad, cuando no existía la expresión “contador público”, sino “tenedor de libros”. Vale la pena mencionar que antes de la fundaciónde las escuelas de comercio hubo escuelas o universidades que, aunque no eran netamente mercantiles, dictaban materias al respecto. Un claro ejemplode ello es la Escuela Nacional de Minas, la cual formaba ingenieros con una orientación comercial y por ello enseñaba como materia la Contabilidad Industrial. Fue así como la profesión contable tomó relevancia en el país, aunado a la necesidad de la población (comerciantes principalmente) y del Estado, impulsada por el crecimiento económico que se vio en la época.
Indicador de alerta temprana aplicada a empresas que conforman el índice de precios y cotizaciones en la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores
Authors: De la Vega Meneses José Gerardo
Published: September 2020

Diversas empresas han incurrido en bancarrota en el pasado y muchas podrían incidir en dicha situación en el futuro. Esto puede ser atribuido a los efectos combinados de una mayor competitividad en los mercados y a un excesivo apalancamiento financiero. Estos factores resultan más relevantes cuando van acompañados de crisis económicas o problemas ajenos a las empresas y que afectan económicamente a los países donde se desarrollan sus actividades. La probabilidad de supervivencia de las empresas puede inferirse utilizando análisis de estados financieros. Un modelo basado en estos análisis y que ha resultado verosímil en la predicción de bancarrota de las empresas dos años antes de que suceda es el modelo del marcador Z, de Edward Altman. El marcador Z, el cual se aplica preferentemente a empresas del sector manufacturero y que cotizan en bolsas de valores, fue utilizado en el presente estudio para estimar la probabilidad de bancarrota de las empresas que componen el índice de precios y cotizaciones de la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, al cierre del año 2015.
Se acabó
Authors: Vargas Toledo Hasbleidy
Published: September 2020

Hoy termino. Al fin terminé. Después de todo lo que he descubierto, tantas cosas pasan por mi mente en este momento: mis amigos, los que dejé en el camino y los que comparten conmigo este momento. Las cosas pasan por alguna razón, al fin puedo decir que lo logré, hoy termino el semestre.
Paulo Freire y la teología latinoamericana de la liberación
Authors: Espinosa Arce Juan Pablo
Published: September 2020

El presente artículo se propone indagar cómo en la propuesta pedagógica de Paulo Freire evidencia su interés por la teología, y sobre todo por la teología de la liberación que nació en América Latina. A partir de la lectura de algunas de sus obras, se pretenderá evidenciar la comprensión que el educador brasileño tiene de la teología de la liberación. Junto con ello hacer notar cómo la teología de la liberación impacta positivamente en su propuesta pedagógica. Aunque Paulo Freire no fue teólogo profesional, si se sintió atraído por la reflexión teológica, lo cual permitirá tender puentes y favorecer espacios de diálogo entre ambas disciplinas.
Desafíos teológicos de la opción preferencial por los pobres
Authors: Lima Díaz David
Published: September 2020

El concepto de opción preferencial por los pobres ha sido desarrollado recientemente por la teología latinoamericana y ha sido visto como una noción revolucionaria del siglo XX. Sin embargo, las Escrituras plantean que esta idea procede del amor de Dios, en especial, a los más necesitados. Por eso se hace necesario ofrecer, en unas breves pinceladas, cómo, a partir de la realidad social, política, económica y religiosa de Latinoamérica, la opción por los pobres tiene su sustento en las Escrituras, de manera que se pueda concluir que la opción preferencial por los pobres es una iniciativa del amor de Dios.