bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of decadal land degradation dynamics in old coal-mines of Central India
Authors: Thakur Tarun , DUTTA JOYSTU , Bijalwan Arvind , Swamy S
Published: January 2022

The present study attempts to understand land use dynamics in an area
subjected to opencast and underground coal mining for the last few
decades in Kotma Coalmines of Anuppur district in Madhya Pradesh, India
through geospatial techniques. Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) change
detection analysis was performed digitally classifying Landsat 5 (2001)
as well as Landsat 8 (2020) satellite data using maximum likelihood
algorithm. Results revealed that area under Dense native vegetation
decreased drastically (13.74 sq. km) with the gradual and consistent
expansion in the activities of coal mines which showed the highest
increase in area over time (15.84 sq. km). Bivariate regression analysis
showed the positive empirical relationships between vegetation indices
and soil physico-chemical parameters. Studies suggested soil and
vegetation is degraded over the large mining areas consistently over a
long time period. Despite the continuous reforestation activities on
mined areas, the decline area under dense vegetation and sparse
vegetation over the twenty-year time-scale indicates that the
reclamation activities are still in its’ infancy. Land Degradation
Vulnerability Index (LDVI) map was generated to understand the extent of
decadal land degradation trends and it shows that 8.60 % of the area is
highly vulnerable to degradation. The LDI inputs will help the planners
to develop alternate strategies to tackle vulnerability zones for safe
mining. Monthly estimation of various meteorological parameters was also
recorded to generate heat plots for the period 2001-2020. The study
concludes that monitoring and assessment of fragile ecosystems are
indispensable for holistic environmental management.
Plant water use strategy determines winners and losers under climate change
Authors: Visakorpi Kristiina , Block Sebastián , Pellissier Loïc , Levine Jonathan , Alexander Jake
Published: January 2022

Understanding the traits mediating species’ responses to climate change
is a cornerstone for predicting future community composition and
ecosystem function. Although species’ eco-physiological properties
determine their response to environmental change, most trait-based
studies focus on a small subset of easily-measured morphological traits
as proxies for physiology. This choice may limit our ability to predict
the impacts of climate change on species’ demography, and obscure the
underlying mechanisms. We conducted a transplantation experiment along a
1000 m Alpine elevation gradient to quantify the degree to which plant
demographic responses to climate were predicted by eco-physiological
performance versus common morphological traits. Although physiological
measurements revealed that warming favored species with a conservative
water use strategy, the predictive power of physiological traits did not
exceed that of morphological traits. Our results show that while
easily-measured morphological traits can successfully predict
demographic responses to climate, eco-physiological approaches are
needed to understand mechanism.
Effects of spatial fragmentation on the elevational distribution of bird diversity in a typical modern mountain
Authors: Liu Wei , Xu Haigen , Li Xiufen , Yu Dandan , Yi Jianfeng
Published: January 2022

The biodiversity in mountainous ecosystems is high but is threatened by
rapid environmental change. Urbanization and other anthropogenic factors
in the mountains surrounding cities can affect land use and spatial
fragmentation. Moreover, patterns of habitat are closely related to
elevation and have a major effect on montane biodiversity. The aim of
this study was to analyze the effects of spatial fragmentation on the
vertical distribution pattern of bird diversity by characterizing the
structure of the bird community, species diversity, and landscape
factors at different altitudes. From 2016 to 2019, this study made a
four-years continuous monitoring of the breeding biric belts. The result
indicated Mount Tai harbored a high bird diversity. Bird richness,
abundance and Shannon-Wiener index decreased with latitude in Mount Tai.
Moreover, the composition of bird communities varied along altitudinal
gradients and supported some special species in different elevational
bands. Road density, number of habitat patches, patch density, and the
percentage of forest significantly affected bird diversity. The effect
of patch density was higher compared with other landscape factors.
Sufficient habitat and more patches in the low-mountain belt supported
higher bird diversity. The middle-mountain belt and high-mountain belt
showed contrasting patterns. Our results highlight the effects of
ongoing urbanization and human activities on montane biodiversity and
emphasize the need for artificial habitats in the mountains surrounding
cities to be managed.
Well-posedness and exponential stability of the Kawahara equation with a time-delayed localized damping
Authors: Chentouf Boumediène
Published: January 2022

The aim of this article is to investigate the well-posedness and
stability problems of the so-called Kawahara equation under the presence
of an interior delayed damping. The system is shown to be well-posed.
Furthermore, we prove that the trivial solution is exponentially stable
in spite of the delay effect. Specifically, local and semi-global
stability results are established according to the properties of the
spatial distribution of the delay term.
Left cardiac sympathetic denervation and device implantation in congenital long QT syndrome -- A case series and review.
Authors: Sameer Mohammed , Menon Sabarinath , Dharan Baiju Sasi , Namboodiri Narayanan
Published: January 2022

Introduction and aim of the study: Long QT syndrome is a life
threatening genetic arrhythmia syndrome which is characterized by
ventricular arrhythmias with few children often having their initial
clinical presentation as sudden cardiac arrest. This condition poses a
very high risk of sudden death demanding proper management of such
children. Many treatment modalities are available in this era, with each
one of them carrying advantages and disadvantages. Materials and
methods: We present a series of four children suffering from Long QT
syndrome, who were successfully managed with left cardiac sympathetic
denervation (LCSD) combined with device implantation (permanent
pacemaker implantation in two children and implantable loop recorder in
one child). Results: All four children are asymptomatic since
hospital discharge with no episodes of syncope or presyncope, or
device-detected ventricular tachyarrhythmia till to-date.
Conclusion: Left cardiac sympathetic denervation is an
underutilized simple surgical procedure, for Long QT syndrome. When
combined with other treatment strategies (like device implantation in
our case series), outcome is far better than a single technique.
Beta-blockers play a very important role both in pre-operative and
immediate post-operative period and have to be continued for the rest of
life.
Evaluation of physical and chemical composition of concentrated fermented cabbage juice
Authors:   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jansone Liene , Kampuse Solvita , Kruma Zanda , Lidums Ivo
Published: January 2022

Fermented products have gained worldwide popularity for their nutritional and health aspects. Many studies have been done on this topic, including fermented cabbage (sauerkraut). Yet little or no studies are done on evaluation of fermented cabbage juice which is considered as by-product of sauerkraut production, still rich in bioactive compounds. In order to reduce food waste, sustainable solutions are being searched for to preserve valuable fermented cabbage juice. The aim of this study was to evaluate chemical and physical composition of concentrated fermented cabbage juice and their changes after storage. The fermented cabbage juice was concentrated on falling film evaporator from 9.2 till 34.3 °Brix. Physio-chemical (moisture, pH, total soluble solids, total phenol content, antiradical activity by DPPH and ABTS+, ascorbic acid, total sugar profile, nitrates and minerals) and microbiological (lactic acid bacteria, total plate count) analyses were carried out. Concentrated fermented cabbage juice is a source of minerals and phenol compounds as well as salt substitute in food applications. After 6 months of storage there is significant degradation of ascorbic acid but total phenol content is not affected. The evaporation process did not inhibit microbiological activity; as a result, there is a decrease in lactic acid bacteria but increase in total plate count.
USE OF STYLISTIC MEANS OF COMIC CATEGORY AT THE LEXICO-SEMANTIC LEVEL: FIGURES OF QUANTITY
Authors: Blynova Iryna
Published: January 2022

The article deals with the study of linguo-stylistic means of the comic category representation at the lexico-semantic level. Modern English prose is characterized by a specific comic modality, which is a characteristic feature of the author’s individual style. The leading means of the lexico-semantic level, that contribute to the realization of the comic effect in belles-letters texts, have been analyzed. The material of research is the English-language prose works of small forms by the most prominent writers, such as: K. Barry, K. Vonnegut, R. Carver and R. Dahl. The aforementioned authors use hyperbolization, which is introduced by means of similes, indefinite pronouns, nouns formed from numerals (in the process of numeralization), temporal and spatial adverbs, a set of lexical units with negative colouring, adjectives in the superlative degree of comparison, modal verbs in the negative form, emphatic constructions.
SUBSTANTIATION OF EARLY TEACHING OF TECHNICAL AND TACTICAL TRAINING IN GIRLS BOXING
Authors: Vorontsov Artur
Published: January 2022

The article presents the substantiation of early training of technical and tactical training of girls who deal with boxing. Methods. Theoretical analysis of special and scientific literature, educational programs on sports and combat martial arts, generalization of data. Results. Considered: World trends in sports in general in gender, the chronology of the formation of women's boxing in the world, trends in the development of girls boxing in Ukraine and Europe. The theoretical analysis of physiological possibilities of girls to early mastering of techniques and tactics in boxing. Proved the ability to teach girls technical and tactical training (TTP) in boxing earlier than indicated in the training programs in boxing. It has been studied age qualification in the educational program of Children's and youth sports schools (CYSS) from admission to sports martial arts and boxing. A comparison of age qualification is made when taking on boxing and combat martial arts of girls. It have been studied normative requirements of leading countries in Europe in a girls boxing with transmitted to the following stages of preparation in the CYSS. It is determined that criteria only with the assessment of physical training and the indicated sports outcome on competitions during the year are not enough to transfer to the next year. Conclusion. The results of the theoretical analysis have proved to be expedient to decrease the age qualification for girls when enrolled to the boxing department of CYSS. It has been determined the great consideration of TTP level when transferring to the next year of study in the CYSS. The need to create author's techniques for assessing TTP in girls.
VERBAL AGGRESSION IN THE POLITICAL DISCOURSE OF DONALD TRUMP AND JOE BIDEN
Authors: Yenikeyev Damir
Published: January 2022

This article is devoted to the study of verbal aggression. This question has been little studied in modern linguistics so far. The study analyzed the statements of Donald Trump and Joe Biden in the framework of political discourse. Types of verbal aggression were identified using the methods of content analysis, discourse analysis and pragmalinguistic analysis. In addition, the characteristics of the linguistic personalities of Donald Trump and Joe Biden in terms of their use of tools to actualize verbal aggression are identified. Language, speech and communication means are distinguished as well. The results of the conducted investigation show that verbal aggression is often used by language personalities in combination with other communication tactics. In turn, verbal aggression is a means of implementing various communication strategies. Prospects for further research are the development of a classification of verbal aggression, as well as a comprehensive scheme for analyzing this phenomenon in speech.
Evaluation of Some Botanicals against Callosobruchus chinensis L. Infesting Stored Chickpea Seeds and Bio-Chemical Analysis of Used Botanicals
Authors:   Dept. of Entomology, Uttar Banga Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Pundibari. Coochbehar, West Bengal (736 165), India, Mounika Tumma , Sahoo S. K. ,   Dept. of Entomology, Uttar Banga Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Pundibari. Coochbehar, West Bengal (736 165), India, Chakraborty D. ,   Dept. of Entomology, Uttar Banga Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Pundibari. Coochbehar, West Bengal (736 165), India
Published: January 2022

A study was carried out to evaluate the bio-efficacy of some botanicals against Callosobruchus chinensis L. in stored chickpea (Variety: Anuradha) in the year 2018–20. Different botanicals like Neem (Azadirachta indica), Melia (Melia azedarach), Datura (Datura stramonium) and Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) were used. Among all the botanicals Neem leaf powder @ 6% performed better with minimum egg laying (64 eggs 5 females-1) compared to the other botanicals except the standard check with Deltamethrin @ 0.04%. Thereafter, 6% Melia leaf powder and 8% Datura leaf powder recorded 87.50 eggs 5 females-1 and 91.25 eggs 5 females-1, respectively. With regard to adult mortality, the best result was also obtained from the treatment Neem leaf powder @6% with 96.67% mortality in 5th day. Following the same trend, 6% Melia leaf powder and 8% Datura leaf powder exhibited 90% and 83.33% adult mortality, respectively, in 5th day. The estimation of total phenols and total antioxidants (IC-50) contents in Neem leaf powder (345.69 mg g-1 and 207.77 μg ml-1), Melia leaf powder (273.40 mg g-1 and 383.68 μg ml-1) and Datura Leaf Powder (213.62 mg g-1 and 405.77 μg ml-1) also confirms the findings of the bio-efficacy trial of the botanicals. Tulsi leaf powder @5% was least efficacious both in terms of egg laying by the females as well as adult mortality. These botanicals are locally available, economic, bio-degradable and safe to the environment. Therefore, they may be fitted in the Integrated Pest Management strategies against stored grain pests as seed protectants.
Estimation of Gene Action and Interaction for Some Quantitative Characters in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) by Generation Mean Analysis
Authors:   Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal (741 252), India, Kumari Amrita , Senapati B. K. ,   Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal (741 252), India, Roy Aich Anita ,   Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal (741 252), India, Singh Aditya Pratap ,   Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal (741 252), India
Published: January 2022

The present investigation was conducted to understand the genetic action for controlling the inheritance of some quantitative characters. The experimental materials consisted of three rice varieties, i.e., Mahsuri, Bhutmuri, IR36 and F1, F2, and F3 populations of Mahsuri×Bhutmuri (Cross I) and IR36×Bhutmuri (Cross II). To conduct the generation mean analysis, the parents and their F1, F2, and F3 populations were evaluated during June to October month of Kharif 2016 and Kharif 2017. Generation mean analysis was done for eighteen quantitative characters following the five parameter model. The Analysis of Variance revealed significant differences among the five generations for all the characters studied. The results of the scaling tests and joint scaling test revealed that the Simple additive-dominance model was inadequate for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of panicles plant-1, number of primary branches panicle-1, number of secondary branches panicle-1 in Cross I, while it was for plant height, number of tillers plant-1, number of panicles plant-1, number of grains panicle-1, number of filled grains panicle–1 and fertility % in Cross II. Hence, the present studies have revealed that epistasis as a basic mechanism that cannot be ignored. Thus, formulating breeding policies on only main gene effects i.e. additive and dominance could be misleading.
Use of Aqueous Extract of Wrightia tinctoria Leaves and Coconut Oil in Camel Mange
Authors:   Dept. of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand, Gujarat  (388 001), India, Pandya N. R. , Mandali G. C. ,   Dept. of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand, Gujarat  (388 001), India, Dave K. M. ,   Dept. of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand, Gujarat  (388 001), India, Raval S. K. ,   Dept. of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand, Gujarat  (388 001), India
Published: January 2022

The present study was carried out during August 2019 to March 2020 for the diagnosis and therapeutic management of mange in camel. A total of fourteen positive cases of mange infestation were selected for the therapeutic trial. The therapeutic trial was carried out with the use of two different treatment viz., aqueous extract of Wrightia tinctoria (20%) and coconut oil in mangy camels. The mite count was performed on weekly interval up to five weeks. The camels had more than twenty Sarcoptic mites on day 0 (pre-treatment). The mite count was gradually decreased on fifth week and the mite reduction was 96.50% and 96.77% in group A & B, respectively. The haematology shows the significantly (p<0.05) increase in Hb, TEC, PCV, Neutrophils and Monocytes whereas, significantly (p<0.05) decreased in TLC, and Lymphocyte. The serological and mineral estimation shows the significant (p<0.05) increase in values of total protein, ALT and Zinc; whereas creatinine, AST and copper were decreased significantly (p<0.05). After treatment of mange infected camels with two different treatments the values of all these hemato-biochemical and micromineral constituents returned nearer to normal values of camels. Thus, aqueous extract of Wrightia tinctoria (20%) and coconut oil gave positive effect on mange infested camels.
Effect of Nutrient Management and Rice Establishment Methods on Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Rice–Groundnut Cropping System
Authors:   Dept. of Agronomy, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha (751 003), India, Samant T. K. , Garnayak L. M. ,   Dept. of Agronomy, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha (751 003), India, Paikaray R. K. ,   Dept. of Agronomy, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha (751 003), India, Mishra K. N. ,   Dept. of Soil Sciences and Agril. Chemistry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha (751 003), India, Panda R. K. ,   Dept. of Plant Physiology, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha (751 003), India, Swain S. K. ,   Directorate of Research, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha (751 003), India
Published: January 2022

The field experiments were conducted at Agronomy Main Research Farm, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India during rabi (November–March) seasons of 2019–2020 and 2020–2021 to evaluate direct and residual effect of nutrient management and rice establishment methods on phenology, growing degree days, growth, yield and economics of groundnut in rice–groundnut cropping system. The experiments were laid out in split-plot design with three replications. Carryover effect of direct seeding rice favourably influenced the succeeding groundnut crop as compared to that grown after transplanting which had superior growth parameters resulting in 25.7% higher pod yield, oil yield (1.24 t ha-1), gross return (` 136612.7 ha-1) and net return (` 63965.0 ha-1). Residual effect of organic management to preceding rice significantly increased growth, yield attributes, growing degree days at physiological maturity and net return, resulted in highest pod yield of 2.48 t ha-1 in groundnut which was at par with that grown after INM in rice, but was on an average, 17.0% higher than inorganic practice in rice. INM to groundnut increased yield parameters and economics of the crop resulting in 19.7 and 39.3% higher pod yields than 100% and 75% soil test based fertiliser, respectively. Hence, INM under direct seeding to kharif rice benefits the succeeding groundnut crop and direct application of 75% STBN (inorganic)+25% STBN (FYM)+0.2 LR+biofertilisers to groundnut proved beneficial for improving phenology, growing degree days, growth, yield and economics of groundnut in rice–groundnut cropping system.
Essential Oils: An Effective Therapeutic Strategy against SARS-CoV-2
Authors:   Dept. of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha (751 003) India, Palai Santwana , Kesh Shyam Sundar ,   Dept. of Veterinary Clinical Complex (Veterinary Biochemistry), F/O-VAS, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal (700 037) India
Published: January 2022

Thousands of individuals have perished as a result of Covid-19 and it has turned into a global problem. The novel coronavirus 2019 (nCoV-2019), also known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread rapidly following its discovery in Wuhan patients with acute pneumonia in China. No medication or vaccine are available to treat human coronavirus infection successfully. The alternative therapies and cures are not are effective or authorised to treat Corona virus. Treatments are primarily supportive because no particular pandemic cure has been licenced. New interventions will most likely take months to years to mature. Using antiviral medicinal herbs as an auxiliary or supportive therapy seems to be a viable alternative. The essential oils of medicinal plants have antiviral and immunomodulatory effects. Being rich in antioxidants, essential oils can be used to develop new antiviral remedies. Such beneficial essential oils are being evaluated and exploited for its potent therapeutic use against many viruses. These natural compounds bestow antiviral actions by disrupting the viral life cycle during viral entry, assembly, replication, discharge and virus-specific host targets. This study highlights the essential oils derived from medicinal and aromatic plants with in vitro and in vivo antiviral effects. Essential oils having known pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties can be repurposed as a strategy against deadly SARS-CoV-2 infection. These essential oils of herbal plants can be an effective therapeutic strategy against SARS-CoV-2 when used along with conventional antiviral medicines.
Economic Performance of Crop based Intervention under Farmer FIRST Programme of National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal
Authors:   Dairy Extension Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal (132 001), India, Kambale Parashuram , Sankhala Gopal ,   Dairy Extension Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal (132 001), India
Published: January 2022

Farmer FIRST programme is a new approach for project development initiated by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR). The present study entitled ‘Impact Assessment of Selected Interventions under farmers FIRST programme of NDRI’ was conducted in the farmer FIRST project area in five villages namely KamalpurRoran, GarhiGujran, NagalaRoran, Churni and Samourafrom Indri and Karnal blocks of Karnal district of Haryana state. This paper is about economic performance of crop-based intervention under this project. Total three crops-based interventions were selected and 42 respondents were selected in proportionate to the intervention. Informal’ experimental design (before and-after without control design) was used. The results shows that respondents were getting benefit-cost ratios of Integrated Pest Management in paddy (2.08), Integrated Weed Management in wheat (1.97) and integrated nutrient management in wheat (2.05), respectively, with increased yields, effective pest management in paddy, better weed management and balanced nutrient management in wheat crop under these interventions. Overall project has made good impact in the study area.
Fusarium Wilt of Cucumber- A Review
Authors:   Dept. of Plant Pathology, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (173 230), HP, India, Sharma Deepika , Shukla Arti ,   Horticulture Research and Training Station and Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (173 230), HP, India
Published: January 2022

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) wilt is an important disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum. The disease is prevalent in most of the countries of the world with yield losses ranging from 40–70%. Characteristic symptoms of the disease include pre and post-emergence damping-off, stunting, chlorosis, necrosis and finally wilting of the older leaves with brown vascular discoloration. Two formae speciales of F. oxysporum have been described in cucumber. The fungus grows profusely on the culture media and produces macroconidia which are tapered with a slight hook, microconidia oval in shape and terminal or intercalary chlamydospores. The disease prevails under the conditions having abundant soil moisture and soil temperature ranging from 24–27oC and no growth of the fungus was observed above 37oC. The pathogen is host-specific to cucumber with muskmelon and watermelon being slightly sensitive. Due to environment and health concerns associated with large scale use of chemicals, the application of resistant germplasm, bio-control agents, and bio formulations is more reliable. This review describes the use of resistant germplasm, bio-control agents, bio-formulations and fungicides to control Fusarium wilt of cucumber.
Screening of South Indian Culinary Melon (Cucumis melo subsp. agrestis var. acidulus) Accessions for Downy Mildew Disease under Natural Epiphytotic Condition
Authors:   College of Horticulture Sirsi, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka (581 401), India, Shet Ratnakar M. , Prashantha A. ,   KRCCH Arabhavi, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka (591 218), India, Mahanthesh P. S. ,   College of Horticulture Sirsi, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka (581 401), India, Sankarappa K. S. ,   College of Horticulture, Bangalore, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka (560 065), India
Published: January 2022

Culinary melon also known as non dessert cucumber (Cucumis melo subsp. agrestis var. acidulus) belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae. It is widely cultivated in Southern parts of Indian subcontinent. It is mainly utilized for preparation of lentil soup, sambar, dosa, palya and chutney. 70 accessions were collected from six South Indian states namely Karnataka, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Telangana and Goa. The accessions were evaluated for incidence of downy mildew resistance during Kharif 2018 under natural condition. The percent disease index (PDI) for downy mildew ranged from 3.70 to 48.64%. 10 accessions showed resistance to downy mildew. Among them, accession MS21 showed resistance with average least PDI of 3.70 followed by MS 6 (6.54). 50 accessions were found to be moderately resistant with average PDI ranging from 20 to 39.80. 12 accessions were found susceptible with PDI ranging from 41 to 49. None of the accession was found highly susceptible to the disease. The resistant accessions can be utilized as donor parents for resistant breeding in the improvement of culinary melon as well as melon group of vegetables.
Effect of Different Bag Opening Methods of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) on Growth Parameter, Yield and Benefit Cost Ratio
Authors:   Dept. of Plant Pathology, SCS College of Agriculture, Assam Agricultural University, Rangamati, Dhubri, Assam (783 376), India, Upamanya G. K. , Brahma R. ,   Dept. of Agronomy, SCS College of Agriculture, Assam Agricultural University, Rangamati, Dhubri, Assam (783 376), India, Sarma R. ,   Assoc. Dean, SCS College of Agriculture, Assam Agricultural University, Rangamati, Dhubri, Assam (783 376), India, Sharma P. ,   Dept. of Plant Pathology, SCS College of Agriculture, Assam Agricultural University, Rangamati, Dhubri, Assam (783 376), India, Das K. ,   Dept. of Entomology, CS College of Agriculture, Assam Agricultural University, Rangamati, Dhubri, Assam (783 376), India
Published: January 2022

Oyster mushroom growers are generally confused about the scientific basis of the cultivation technology with regard to the best bag opening method after a spawn run. The present study was undertaken to find out the effect of four different methods of bag opening on yield, benefit cost ratio (BCR) and biological efficiency of oyster mushrooms during November, 2020 to March, 2021. The results indicated that treatment-2 (retaining the polythene bag for the entire cultivation period) exhibited significantly the highest yield (1644.61 g bed-1) followed by treatment-3 (opening top part of the polythene bag after spawn run) (1536.62 g bed-1), and treatment-1 (opening top and bottom part of the polythene bag (1468.82 g bed-1) and treatment-4 (complete removal of the polythene bag) (1111.19 g). The BCR was also found to be the highest (4.39) in treatment-2 followed by treatment-3 (4.09), treatment-1 (3.96) and treatment-4 (2.98). Retaining the polythene bag during the entire cultivation period was found to be the best method of cultivation with regard to biological efficiency (82.23%). Opening the top part of the polythene bag after the spawn run showed the biological efficiency of 76.83% which was followed by the treatment with opening the polythene bag from the top and bottom part of the bed (73.44%).The lowest biological efficiency (55.56%) was observed in the treatment in which the entire polythene bag was removed after a spawn run in darkroom. Mushroom growers may retain the polythene bag surrounding the mushroom bed during the entire cultivation period for better economic return.
Grounding Equal Freedom
Authors: Carter Ian
Published: January 2022

This is an interview by the Erasmus Journal for Philosophy and Economics with Ian Carter. The interview covers Carter's intellectual biography; his extensive writings on the measurement and value of freedom; his reflections on the use of formal methods in philosophical work on freedom and in political philosophy more broadly; his more recent work on basic equality and respect for persons; and, finally, his advice to young scholars.
Kinerja Alat Kondensasi Uap Air Laut Untuk Mendapatkan Air Murni
Authors: Tamrin Tamrin , Rivaldo Rivaldo , Warji Warji
Published: January 2022

Testing of a greenhouse model condensation machine to purify the sea water needs to be developed to obtain fresh water. The purpose of this research is to transform seawater using solar energy by using the greenhouse effect principle This research uses testing machine performance to get pure water potential from sea water deselination. The test result of this machine has been able to vaporize seawater in one day ranging from 421 ml-814 ml, while water that can be harvested in one day ranges from 97.5 ml – 152.5 ml. The energy efficiency gained in this machine ranged from 21.22%-46.63%, while the efficiency of the evaporation result of this machine obtained the value ranged from 18.73%-24.85%. This machine has been able to convert seawater into fresh water by using the principle of greenhouse effect but still not able to work optimally.Keywords: fresh water, greenhouse effects, seawater
Pengaruh Aplikasi Pupuk Organik dan Pestisida Organik terhadap Produktivitas Terung (Solanum melongena) dan Tingkat Bahaya Erosi
Authors: Andriyani Idah , Patricia Fiona Cahya
Published: January 2022

This study aims to analyze the effects of the use of organic fertilizers and organic pesticides on eggplant productivity and the level of erosion hazards that occur on these intensive agricultural lands. The use of organic fertilizers and pesticides is expected to improve soil quality which in turn will increase crop productivity and reduce erosion yield. Randomized block design (RBD) was used with a combination of dosage treatment of organic fertilizers (P) and organic pesticides (B). The dosages of organic fertilizers used were: 0 kg/bed (P1/control), 1 kg/bed (P2), 1.5 kg/bed (P3) and 2 kg/bed (P4). The doses of pesticides used were chemical pesticides 2 ml/liter (B1/control), organic pesticides 7 ml/liter (B2), 9 ml/liter (B3) and 11 ml/liter (B4). The highest productivity research results were obtained from combination of P4B1 (fertilizer dose 2kg/bed + chemical pesticides). This shows that organic fertilizers and pesticides can increase plant productivity. However, organic pesticides have not been able to reduce pest attacks during the fertilization phase. On the other hand, the rate of erosion has actually increased which is not significantly different between the use of organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers. This is due to the increase in the content of organic matter and changes in soil texture which cause the soil to become loose and crumb so that it is more easily eroded. Thus the use of organic fertilizers and pesticides can be used continuously in intensive agriculture but must be accompanied by other conservation activities to reduce the erosion yield. In addition, it is necessary to develop more effective organic pesticides to eradicate pests and plant diseases. Keywords: erosion, eggplant plants, intensive agriculture, organic fertilizer, organic pesticide.
Representation of Muslim Women in the Western Media
Authors: Satiti Nur Latifah Umi
Published: January 2022

This essay attempts to argue about the representation of Muslim women in veil in Western media. This topic is chosen because of general discourse about Muslim women, who wear veil as a threat to secular tradition and value of freedom. Besides, media has power to create affirmation about the general discourse. This paper analyses some researches about Muslim women in media. Based on previous research, it can be assumed that media has power to create women representation as otherness and placed them as threat towards secular tradition and value of freedom.
Pemeliharaan Hubungan dan Komunikasi Organisasi via Media Siber
Authors: Sanjaya Andika , Irwansyah  , Alunaza Hardi
Published: January 2022

In the context of an organization, the public may have various interests. The practitioners of public relations need the right formula to maintain the relationship with their public. This research intends to find and evaluate the proper typology to be implemented into the Cyber PR context. This research uses descriptive and comparative content analysis methods. An organization can maintain their publics by doing entertainment, direct communication, two-way communication, and humor. This research amplifies that the current typology can be implemented in the context of Cyber PR, although it receives criticism.
The Simulation of Traffic Signal Preemption using GPS and Dijkstra Algorithm for Emergency Fire Handling at Makassar City Fire Service
Authors:   Department of Information Technology, Atma Jaya University of Makassar, Friaswanto Melki , Lisangan Erick Alfons , Sumarta Sean Coonery
Published: January 2022

The Makassar City Fire Department often faces obstacles in handling fires. Problems that often hinder such as congestion at crossroads, panic residents, and others. The result of this research is a system that can assist firefighters when handling fire cases in terms of accelerating the firefighting team to the location of the fire. Dijkstra's algorithm will be used to find the shortest path to the fire location and the travel time. Then the traffic signal preemption simulation adjusts the color of the lights when the GPS vehicle approaches the traffic lights on the path to be traversed. The simulation results show that the use of traffic signal preemption in collaboration with Dijkstra's algorithm and GPS can help the performance of the Makassar City Fire Department, especially for handling fires that require fast time.
Heat Transfer Characteristic on Wing Pairs Vortex Generator using 3D Simulation of Computational Fluid Dynamic
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, Sanata Dharma University, Prabowo Petrus Setyo , Mardikus Stefan ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sanata Dharma University, Eukharisto Ewaldus Credo
Published: January 2022

Vortex generators are addition surface that can increase heat transfer area and change the fluid flow characteristics of the working fluid to increase heat transfer coefficient. The use of vortex generators produces longitudinal vortices that can increase the heat transfer performance because of the low pressure behind vortex generators. This investigation used delta winglet vortex generator that was combined with rectangular vortex generator to Reynold numbers ranging 6,000 to 10,000. The parameters of Nusselt number, friction factor, velocity vector and temperature distribution will be evaluated.
Threat status of three important medicinal Himalayan plant species and conservation implications
Authors:   University of Kashmir, Sofi Irfan I. , Verma Shivali ,   University of Jammu, Ganie Aijaz H. ,   University of Kashmir, Sharma Namrata ,   University of Jammu, Shah Manzoor A. ,   University of Kashmir
Published: January 2022

A lack of precise information about the threat status of species hampers their effective conservation. The Target 2 of the Convention on Biological Diversity calls for evaluation of threat status at global, national and regional levels to identify plant species of urgent conservation concern. Here we have empirically assessed the threat status of three valuable medicinal plant species (Trillium govanianum, Rheum tibeticum, and Arnebia euchroma) through extensive field studies and herbarium consultations in Kashmir Himalaya and cold desert region of Trans-Himalayan Ladakh. In accordance with the IUCN Red List categories and criteria, each of the three target species turned out to be Near Threatened (NT). According to the NatureServe Conservation Status Assessment, each of these species faces the overall threat impact of «High» to «Very high». We found that the anthropogenic threats emanating from unplanned economic development, road construction and other infrastructure related projects contribute to a fast decline in natural populations of these three species. Keeping in view the value of these species, on the one hand, and growing threats to their survival in the wild, on the other one, we call for urgent conservation strategies in the vulnerable Himalayan habitats for regional socio-economic development.
TYPES OF AMPHIBIA IN COAL MINE RECLAMATION OF PT. BUKIT ASAM, Tbk. TANJUNG ENIM, SOUTH SUMATRA.
Authors: Hayati Nur , Windusari Yuanita , Dahlan Zulkifli
Published: January 2022

Coal mining activities in South Sumatra are among others carried out by PT. Bukit Asam tbk, a coal company located in Tanjung Enim. The open pit/cast mining process has a negative impact on the environment, some of the impacts are land degradation, loss of vegetation, changes in microclimate and loss of biodiversity which includes diversity of flora and fauna, one of which is amphibians. One of the efforts to maintain and preserve environmental capabilities is to reclaim former mines. In accordance with Law No. 4 of 2009 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining requires mining companies to carry out reclamation and post-mining activities over the areas they cultivate. Reclamation-revegetation activities are efforts to improve microclimate conditions, improve soil fertility conditions. The recovery of environmental conditions is expected to bring back the wildlife that has been lost. The amphibian community is believed to be a bioindicator of the recovery of environmental conditions undergoing habitat changes. The research was carried out at the Bukit Asam coal mine reclamation area, Air laya site from February to March. The aim of the study was to see the types of amphibians found in the mine reclamation area. Sampling was carried out using the VES (Visual Enconter Survey) method. From the results obtained, there were 3 species from 2 members of the Order (Anura) and 2 members of the Family (Rinidae).
HIPPOCAMPUS CELL DISORDERS AND NEUROSENSORY TESTS IN MICE (Mus musculus) DUE TO INDUCTION OF EXCESS SODIUM CHLORIDE
Authors: Cahyaningrum Putri , Windusari Yuanita , Setiawan Arum
Published: January 2022

Salt or sodium chloride (NaCl) is an additive to give food a salty taste. The use of salt in everyday life is difficult to avoid. Salt has both good and bad effects on the body. The electrolyte content of salt can help launch metabolism in the body, whereas if the body contains too much salt it will cause heart attacks and hypertension. The dose of salt consumption that has been set by the government is 5g/day. This study was conducted to examine the effect of consuming excessive sodium chloride (NaCl) on the ability to smell and to what extent it damages cells in the hippocampus of mice (Mus musculus). The method of this study was CRD (completely randomized design) with 6 replications, 1 group control and 3 repetitions induced by sodium chloride (NaCl) is 260mg/gBB (P1), 520mg/gBB (P2), and 780mg/gBB (P3). The parameters of this study are neurosensory coordination in the form of olfactory response of mice (Mus musculus) to ammonia and cell disruption in the hippocampus (DG & CA) which were observed by histological preparations of Hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining. The results of this study indicate the presence of olfactory disorders in mice (Mus musculus) and cell death in the hippocampus also increased due to excessive sodium chloride (NaCl) induction. The more salt is consumed in daily life, it will disrupt the cells in the hippocampus.
Potential of Neptunia Oleracea Lour. on Phytoremediation Coal Acid Mine Drainage
Authors: Nasution Rika , Tri Wardana Singgih , Tanzerina Nina , Pertiwi Estuningsih Sri , Juswardi Juswardi
Published: January 2022

Environmental problems in coal mining activities include acid mine drainage (AMD). Efforts to overcome the impact of AMD waste can be done by means of phytoremediation. Neptunia oleracea Lour. is one type of aquatic plant that has the potential to adapt and accumulate heavy metals. So it is necessary to do research with the aim of knowing the potential of N. oleracea in AMD phytoremediation. The phytoremediation potential of N. oleracea used a completely randomized design (CRD): without AMD as control (0%), with AMD concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The results showed that N. oleracea has the potential to increase pH by 0.0322/day and reduce Fe content by 0.4760 mg/l/day, Mn 0.5776 mg/l/day, sulfate 0.4809 mg/l/day and reduce TSS by 0.0818 mg/l/day, at 100% AMD concentration. It can be concluded that N. oleracea has potential as an AMD phytoremediation agent to be developed in system constructed wetlands (CWs).
Mojado. Una revisión del botijo a través de material y el proceso de fabricación
Authors: Moya Ulises
Published: January 2022

Este articulo analiza y hace un recorrido por el proceso de diseño y fabricación de Mojado, una pieza de artesanía contemporánea que revisa el icónico botijo español y su proceso de fabricación, partiendo de la de la exploración de la arcilla como material, utilizando nuevas técnicas y cruzando las líneas entre lo artesanal y lo industrial, lo único y lo seriado. El proyecto pretende poner en valor la artesanía y los materiales tradicionales y sostenibles en un contexto actual desarrollando, a través del diseño, una pieza de artesanía contemporánea utilizando un método de fabricación alternativo.
The impact of customer capital on company's market value: An empirical study from 100 U.S. stock market leaders
Authors: Lehenchuk Serhii , Zavalii Tetiana
Published: January 2022

Objective

The aim of the paper is to establish the relationship between the customer capital and the company's market value (MV). Examining this impact seems justified as the topic has been rarely investigated till now.

Methods

The regression analysis was used to achieve the research objective. We analyzed reports of 100 U.S. stock market leaders for 2018, which were prepared in accordance with the requirements of International Financial Reporting Standard 3 «Business Combinations» and included information about customer capital.

Findings

The hypothesis that the customer capital has a direct impact on the company's MV is confirmed by the results of this study.

Practical implication

The proposed regression model (Model 3) can be used for needs of value-based management.

Originality/value

Customer capital as a tool of value-based management is a poorly studied topic in the context of understanding the importance of the role of intangibles in creating value for company.
Research on a Trackside Concrete Reinforcement Scheme of a Small Radius Curve at a Junction Section of a Modern Tram
Authors: Wang Zhiqiang , Lei Zhenyu
Published: January 2022

In order to ensure the normal use of a junction section of a modern tram, this paper mainly studied a trackside concrete reinforcement scheme. Firstly, the entire non-reinforcement system model with a small radius curve composed of rail, fastener, fastener cover, flexible material, asphalt layer and track slab was established using the ABAQUS finite element software, and the stress distribution and deformation state of the asphalt layers of the non-reinforcement system model under the social vehicle load were analyzed. Then, the whole system model of the concrete reinforcement scheme was founded, and the stress and deformation of the asphalt layers under the same load were investigated. Finally, the calculation results of the concrete reinforcement model were com-pared with those of the non-reinforcement model, and the reinforcement effect was studied. The results show that the concrete reinforcement scheme significantly reduces the stress and deformation of the asphalt layers and improves the stress distribution and deformation state of the asphalt layers.