bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La responsabilidad de los administradores de personas jurídicas privadas por daño ambiental
Authors: Rostán Matías Ignacio
Published: August 2024

La crisis ecológica, producto del cambio climático, el calentamiento global, la pérdida de la biodiversidad y la contaminación del ambiente es una problemática que le es propia a la sociedad actual. En este contexto, el cumplimiento de la normativa ambiental por parte de los administradores de personas jurídicas (tengan éstas finalidad económica o no) es sustancial en pos de prevenir daños ambientales.
En Argentina, el Código Civil y Comercial (CCC) y los microsistemas jurídicos especiales contienen disposiciones sobre la responsabilidad de los administradores de personas jurídicas privadas. Por otra parte, la normativa ambiental tutela el daño ambiental, y establece consecuencias legales para los administradores que generen daños al ambiente en el desarrollo de sus facultades. 
El presente artículo se propone identificar y analizar la normativa que regula a la responsabilidad de los administradores de personas jurídicas privadas y aquella que tutela el daño ambiental en el ámbito del ordenamiento jurídico argentino, con el objeto de labrar algunas reflexiones en torno a la importancia de que los administradores integren el deber de preservar el ambiente sano, equilibrado, apto para el desarrollo humano y para que las actividades productivas satisfagan las necesidades presentes sin comprometer las de las generaciones futuras
De la súplica al emprendedurismo
Authors: Romero Santiago Manuel , Villarreal Agustín
Published: August 2024

A partir de dos investigaciones etnográficas realizadas en puntos diversos del universo penitenciario cordobés, nos enfocaremos en la gestión estatal de las muertes que ocurren en las prisiones de Córdoba y los saberes-haceres que se articulan en su reclamo y tramitación. Asimismo, observaremos cómo esos aprendizajes y las consecuencias del encierro son, ya en libertad, moduladas por otras agencias que promueven otros lenguajes y formas de hablarle al Estado. 
Se trata de una pesquisa que se enfocó en analizar las actuaciones tutelares del Patronato del Liberado de Córdoba; donde se acompañaron capacitaciones para la obtención de microcréditos. La otra investigación, se enfocó en muertes producidas en prisiones cordobesas, atendiendo a los entramados institucionales atravesados por diferentes agentes para tramitarlas y las estrategias desarrolladas. A partir del diálogo entre esas investigaciones, en este artículo centraremos en cómo era modulado el lenguaje del reclamo y la súplica por las personas que transitan/ron las cárceles en los distintos tramos de sus experiencias penitenciarias, por parte de sus familiares y de los letrados que acompañaban sus causas. También consideraremos cómo ese lenguaje era modulado, o pretendía serlo, por las administradoras del Patronato y otros agentes del estado cordobés en capacitaciones orientadas a liberados y liberadas.
Demographic, Social and Cultural Factors and Their Relationship to Birth Control
Authors: Yaseen Hadar S. , Mohammed Sabah A.
Published: August 2024

The current era presents a population crisis, characterized by overpopulation or underpopulation in many countries. Overpopulation has negative impacts on social and economic development, leading to a reduction in the standard of living for individuals, families, and society at large. Conversely, a small population negatively affects the economic and political situation of societies. The aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between demographic, social, and cultural factors and birth control decisions among couples in Erbil city. This study examines factors such as delayed marriage and education level, which significantly influence the functions of society. Women's high levels of education increase their awareness and encourage their involvement in the workforce, affecting the structure and movement of Kurdish society. To achieve these objectives, the research utilized questionnaires to collect data and information from 383 couples of different age groups in Erbil city, using the descriptive method for data collection. The results suggest that demographic, social, and cultural factors play a critical role in determining birth control decisions among the sample population in Erbil city.
RUSSIAN HIGH-TECH ENTERPRISES FINANCIAL SITUATION ASSESSMENT ON THE EXAMPLE OF MICROELECTRONICS AND COMPUTER PRODUCTION
Authors: Podshivalova Mariya ,   South Ural State University, Pylaeva Irina , Lekereva Ekaterina ,   InnoProm LLC
Published: August 2024

In the context of the transition to digital technologies, the importance of the electronic indus-try for any national economy is extremely high, moreover, it becomes the basis of its long-term security and competitiveness. The main purpose of the study is to assess the development of Russian enterprises in the industry in terms of key financial aspects – business activity and profitability. To do this, a sample was formed from the number of operating enterprises of all business scales. One of three types is indicated as the main activity: the production of computers, integrated electronic circuits, diodes, transistors, and other semiconductor devices. Enterprises with “zero balance sheets” were excluded from the sample; its final size was 147 enterprises. The data source was the SPARK database, an the analysis period was a 10-year period (2011–2020). The main research methods are the method of averages, retrospective analysis, group-ing method, comparison and analysis. Calculations and their interpretation are given in the context of 4 scales of activity: large, medium, small and micro. Conclusions are drawn about the unsatisfactory finan-cial condition of the industry's enterprises, which does not allow for solving the problems of import substi-tution within the framework of the strategic goals of the Government of the Russian Federation without large-scale involvement of public finance.
Nutrient use efficiency of rice genotypes under iron-toxic lowland soil influenced by high potassic fertilizer and foliar application of kinetin
Authors: Jevelin Swain , Rajendra Kumar Panda , Rabindra Kumar Nayak , Manoranjan Satapathy
Published: August 2024

Improving global rice yield productivity under low-input conditions is the main challenge, especially in iron-toxic lowland acid soils. With India's irregular rainfall patterns and continual environmental anomalies, particularly in Odisha, the identification of climate-smart management practices that can withstand iron toxicity is critical. In this context, an experiment was conducted to develop effective nutrient use efficiency and nutrient management practices under iron-toxic lowland rice in lateritic acid soils of Central Farm, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, Odisha, with high-level use of potassic fertilizer along with the foliar application of Kinetin and five genotypes suitably fitted in a split-plot design. The results showed that the mean average performance of the genotypes was significantly increased at K120 and K100 levels along with Kinetin. At K levels of K100+Kn, the nutrient use efficiency was highest for nitrogen (68.60) and phosphorus (137.20). As regards potassium use efficiency in terms of AKR (100.81%), K40+Kn had the highest value of KGPE (935.72). The mean performance of the genotype in terms of total nutrient uptake in response to iron toxicity to different doses of K application showed a significant gradual increase with increasing K levels from K0-Kn to K120+Kn, and Hiranmayee had the highest total K uptake of 121.83 kg/ha. Total K uptake at K100+Kn was much higher than other doses, including control. These results suggest that high doses of potassium and foliar spray of Kinetin can alleviate the deleterious effects of iron toxicity in rice plants by enhancing physiological growth and nutrient uptake.
Die Entscheidbarkeit des persönlichen Ehrstatus frühneuzeitlicher Männer und Frauen. Konfliktsfälle im Vergleich
Authors: Zeilinger Florian
Published: August 2024

Die diversen frühneuzeitlichen Fälle gewaltsamer (Raufhändel) und gerichtlicher Ehrverteidigung (Injurienprozesse) sowie der Ehrlichsprechung berufsbedingt unehrlicher oder devianzbedingt ehrloser Personen lassen sich mithilfe entscheidungstheoretischer Analysekategorien vergleichen und damit zusammenführen. Trotz geschlechterspezifisch unterschiedlicher Ehrkonzepte konnten sowohl straffällig gewordene Männer als auch entjungferte Frauen um Ehrrestitution bitten. Beleuchtet werden die Entscheidbarkeit des persönlichen Ehrstatus in verschiedenen Phasen eines Konflikts, seine Entscheidbarmachung, die Entscheidungsressourcen, die Entscheidungsmodi sowie die Entscheidungszeit. So zeigt sich, dass die entsprechende Benennungsmacht der den Ehrstatus Beurteilenden und konkurrierende Normen, die eine Kritik an der vorangegangenen Ehrzuschreibung erlaubten, zu den Entscheidungsressourcen zählten. Entscheidungsmodi konnten obrigkeitlich durchgeführte Verfahren, aber auch Einzelentscheidungen der Mituntertanen sein, die dabei keineswegs entscheidungsfaul erscheinen. Der persönliche Ehrstatus galt in all den Fällen als entscheidbar, in denen es um die auf das individuelle Verhalten bezogene Ehre ging, in der er also über die entsprechende Zeitdimension verfügte. Unter diesen Umständen konnte er durch liminalisierende Temporalisation, Gabentauschpraktiken und das Erzählen von Geschichten erneut entscheidbar gemacht werden.
„Trauer um die Juden“ Chinesische Intellektuelle und der Diskurs über den nationalsozialistischen Antisemitismus (1933–1949)
Authors: Zhang Ruoyu
Published: August 2024

Auf der Grundlage der Volltextdatenbank für Zeitschriften der Republikzeit (1911–1949) konzentriert sich der Artikel vor allem auf die Diskursgeschichte chinesischer Intellektueller zum NS-Antisemitismus im Kontext der dynamischen Beziehungen zwischen China, Deutschland und Japan in den 1930er und 1940er Jahren. Hier sind drei Thesen zu verfolgen: 1.) Angesichts der europaweiten nationalsozialistischen Judenverfolgung nahm die Mehrheit der Chinesen einen humanitären Standpunkt ein und empfand Sympathie für die Juden, wenngleich einige Individuen – zur Unterstützung der japanischen und reichsdeutschen Kriegs- und Judenpolitik – versuchten, die antisemitischen Verschwörungstheorien in der japanischen Besatzungszone zu verbreiten. 2.) Die chinesische Auseinandersetzung mit der Judenfrage war vorwiegend in den Jahren 1938 und 1939 in der Shanghaier Presse präsent, als mitteleuropäische Juden in dieser fernöstlichen Metropole ihre Zuflucht fanden. Ihr Schicksal wurde vor allem unter sozialgeschichtlichen Gesichtspunkten intensiv analysiert, wobei sich bei der Mehrheit der Intellektuellen ein allgemeiner Konsens über zwei Hauptmotive des nationalsozialistischen Antisemitismus herausbildete: die jüdische Diaspora und den Neid auf den angeblich unermesslichen jüdischen Reichtum. 3.) In der chinesisch-japanischen Kriegssituation sahen die meisten Chinesen die mittellosen jüdischen Flüchtlinge ebenso als Opfer der politischen und sozialen Umstände wie sich selbst, weshalb die Intellektuellen dem jüdischen Widerstand wie zum Beispiel dem Zionismus volles Vertrauen entgegenbrachten und ein jüdisches Überleben erwarteten. Die Überlebenshoffnung der Chinesen bezog sich unverkennbar eher auf das eigene Land und Volk, das im antifaschistischen Weltkrieg ebenfalls schwer gelitten habe.
Discovering optical solutions to a nonlinear Schrödinger equation and its bifurcation and chaos analysis
Authors: Alsallami Shami A. M.
Published: August 2024

The pursuit of solitary wave solutions to complex nonlinear partial differential equations is gaining significance across various disciplines of nonlinear science. This study seeks to uncover the solutions to the perturbed nonlinear Schrödinger equation using a robust and efficient analytical method, namely, the generalized exponential rational function technique. This equation is a fundamental tool used in various fields, including fluid mechanics, nonlinear optics, plasma physics, and optical communication systems, and has numerous practical applications across multiple disciplines. The employed method in this study stands out from existing approaches by being more comprehensive and straightforward. It offers a broader range of symbolic structures, surpassing the capabilities of some previously known methods. By applying this method to the perturbed nonlinear Schrödinger equation, we obtain a variety of exact solutions that significantly expand the existing literature and provide a fresh understanding of the model’s properties. Through numerical simulations, we demonstrate the dynamic characteristics of the system, including bifurcation and chaos analysis, and validate our findings by adjusting parameter settings to match expected behaviors.
Corn silk: A promising source of antimicrobial compounds for health and wellness
Authors: Marok Tanya , Rasane Prasad , Kaur Sawinder , Amanjyoti  , Ercisli Sezai , Assouguem Amine , Choudhary Ravish , Ullah Riaz , Alqahtani Ali S. , Singh Jyoti
Published: August 2024

Microbial diseases remain a leading cause of death worldwide, and the emergence of new infections underscores the need for innovative treatments. Plant-based sources for antimicrobial drugs are gaining popularity due to their fewer side effects compared to synthetic drugs. Corn silk (CS), an ancient medicinal plant, has been used for thousands of years to treat ailments such as edema and cystitis. It is a rich source of vitamins and minerals and acts as an anti-hypertensive, anti-diabetic, anti-cancerous, antioxidant, and antimicrobial agent. Its bioactive components, which include phenolic acids, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, terpenes, and saponins, are responsible for these therapeutic benefits. Numerous studies have examined the antibacterial effectiveness of diverse CS extracts, unveiling several methods by which CS demonstrates its antimicrobial properties. These mechanisms include the inhibition of energy production within microbial cells, interference with DNA and protein synthesis, prevention of biofilm formation, disruption of cell wall synthesis, and direct disruption of the cell wall structure. CS effectively blocks microbial growth and multiplication by focusing on these vital processes. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the different bioactive compounds found in CS, as well as their mechanisms of action against microbes. Understanding these mechanisms highlights CS’s potential as a potent source for developing new antimicrobial medications and supplements, offering a natural and effective alternative in the fight against infectious diseases.
Digital Transformation of Archives in the Context of the Introduction of an Electronic Document Management System in Kazakhstan
Authors: Nurbatyrova Raushan , Japarov Boris , Apakhayev Nurlan , Abdulaziz Biyakhmet , Khushkeldiyeva Sandugash
Published: August 2024

The relevance of this study is conditioned by the significant importance of the organisation of electronic document management in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the broad prospects that open up during the digitalisation of state archives. The purpose of the study is to investigate the key aspects of the digitalisation of archives in Kazakhstan at the current stage of the country’s economic development. The basis of its methodological approach was a theoretical investigation of the processes of digitalisation of archival information under the conditions of practical application of the electronic document management system in the Republic of Kazakhstan, with the results obtained indicating the major significance of the digital transformation of archives in the context of the programmes Resolution of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 827 “About Approval of the State Program “Digital Kazakhstan” (2017) and “Information Kazakhstan-2020”: State Program (2021) adopted at the state level. The sequential transfer of archival information to digital media for storage offers numerous advantages over traditional paper media, with the state level in Kazakhstan regulating the digital transformation of archives and the adoption and use of a unified electronic document management system by enacting a number of laws that regulate a wide range of related issues. The introduction of an electronic document management system has also established numerous advantages, largely determining the significant prospects for the development of this system of interaction between organisations (state, public, legal entities, and individuals). The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of their application in the organisation of the activities of enterprises and organisations of the Republic of Kazakhstan that implement measures to digitalise archival data within the unified electronic document management system.
Spiritual care competencies in pre-graduate medical and nursing education
Authors: Buchter Serena , Monod-Zorzi Stéfanie
Published: August 2024

Context: Current research in the field of spiritual care (SC) is constantly encouraging pre- and postgraduate training, particularly in medicine and nursing. Several reference frameworks have been produced to support this teaching since the 2000’s.

Methods: This narrative review first identifies the spiritual care competencies (SCCs) currently taught during pre-graduate nursing and medical science education in state-of-research studies. The competencies mentioned in the two reference frameworks identified as authoritative are then compared with this current and actual teaching. Specificities of each discipline are highlighted through this comparison.

Results: Similar competencies form a mainstream of SC teaching in the literature. For the vast majority, it appears to be a set of transdisciplinary competencies. Intrapersonal spirituality competencies are considered decisive. Some particularities of the medical framework open up a very specific field of reflection, including the role of the physician (identity development) and the meaning (and spirituality) of work.

Conclusion: Adding a complement to the competencies reference frameworks that includes identity development would be better suited to sustain students’ inner growth. A common frame of reference for nursing and medical education is conceivable, although the aims of SC in both fields need to be clarified.
The Earliest Known Collection of Benedicamus Domino Chants
Authors: Ball Nicholas David Yardley
Published: August 2024

The earliest known collection of several different melodies for the Benedicamus Domino versicle was copied in the tenth century on a flyleaf in the manuscript Brussels, KBR 9850–52. This article examines the three chants and newly identifies their melodies. Further additions allow us to contextualize the collection, suggesting ways in which the Benedicamus Domino chants may have been deployed on various liturgical occasions, and providing concrete witness to the involvement of children in singing and recording these chants earlier than has previously been shown.
Methods for three-dimensional characterization of the acetabulum prior to pelvic reorientation osteotomy: a scoping review
Authors: du Cluzel de Remaurin Xavier , Khouri Nejib , Georges Samuel , Gajny Laurent , Vergari Claudio , Badina Alina
Published: August 2024

Periacetabular osteotomy is the gold standard treatment for acetabular dysplasia. The great variability of acetabular dysplasia requires a personalized preoperative planning improved by 3D reconstruction and computer-assisted surgery. To plan the displacement of the acetabular fragment by a pelvic osteotomy, it is necessary to define a reference plane and a method to characterize 3D acetabular orientation.

A scoping review was performed on PubMed to search for articles with a method to characterize the acetabulum of native hips in a 3D reference frame. Ninety-eight articles out of 3815 reports were included. Three reproducible reference planes were identified: the anterior pelvic plane, the Standardization and Terminology Committee plane used in gait analysis, and the sacral base plane. The different methods for 3D analysis of the acetabulum were divided in four groups: global orientation, triplanar measurements, segmentation, and surface coverage of the femoral head.

Two methods were found appropriate for reorientation osteotomies: the global orientation by a vector method and the triplanar method. The global orientation method relies on the creation of a vector from the acetabular rim, from the acetabular surface or from successive planes. Normalization of the global acetabular vector would correct acetabular dysplasia by a single alignment maneuver on an ideal vector. The triplanar method, based on angle measurements at the center of the femoral head, would involve correction of anomalies by considering axial, frontal, and sagittal planes. Although not directly fit for reorientation, the two others would help to candidate patients and verify both planning and postoperative result.
Molecular genetics of Dupuytren’s contracture
Authors: Aissvarya Shankar , Ling King-Hwa , Arumugam Manohar , Thilakavathy Karuppiah
Published: August 2024

Dupuytren’s contracture (DC) is a fibroproliferative disorder of the palmar fascia characterised by the digits’ flexion contractures and is associated with abnormal build-up of type III collagen. The prevalence of the disease is reported to be highest among Northern European descendants. However, the disease is widespread globally with varying prevalence.

DC is a multifactorial disease, having both genetic and environmental factors contributing to the causality of the disease.

Over the years, various studies have been conducted to understand the molecular mechanism and genetic aspects of DC but there is a lack of reports on the variants found in the exonic regions. Most reports are backdated making it necessary to re-evaluate the variants to further understand the genetic aetiology of DC.

In this review, we first highlight the genetic aspects and previous genetic studies on DC. The report is followed by a discussion on the molecular pathways suggested to be associated with DC and a summary of the genetic variants in the exonic regions found in DC and their connections with the molecular pathways.

A total of nine variants were reported originating from six genes comprising three pathways. Most variants reported are involved in the Wnt signalling pathway. Moreover, all variants identified are in European/Caucasian subjects and the variants found in the exonic regions are missense variants.

A comparison of these findings with variants from populations of other regions can be conducted to identify the variants with the most occurrence to act as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for DC.
Adverse effect of smoking on surgical site infection following ankle and calcaneal fracture fixation: a meta-analysis
Authors: Tran Duy Nguyen Anh , Nguyen Bao Tu Thai , Nguyen Tan Thanh , Chen Yu-Pin , Kuo Yi-Jie
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Studies have reported conflicting findings on the relationship between smoking and surgical site infection (SSI) post fixation for ankle and calcaneal fractures. This meta-analysis explored the effect of smoking on SSI incidence following open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of these fractures.

Methods

Full-text studies on smoking’s influence on post-ORIF SSI rates for closed ankle and calcaneal fractures were sourced from the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases, with no consideration given to language or publication date. Study quality was appraised using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Odds ratios (OR) and the corresponding 95% CIs were determined using random-effects models. This meta-analysis adhered to the PRISMA guidelines and was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023429372).

Results

The analysis incorporated data from 16 cohort and case–control studies, totaling 41 944 subjects, 9984 of whom were smokers, with 956 SSI cases. Results indicated smokers faced a higher SSI risk (OR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.32–1.97, P < 0.0001) post ORIF, with low heterogeneity (I
2 = 26%). Smoking was identified as a significant deep SSI risk factor (OR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.42–3.09; P = 0.0002; I
2 = 31%). However, the subgroup analysis revealed no association between smoking and superficial SSI (OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 0.82–1.33; P = 0.70; I
2 = 0%).

Conclusion

Smoking is associated with increased SSI risk after ORIF for closed ankle and calcaneus fractures. Although no clear link was found between superficial SSI and smoking, the data underscore the negative influence of smoking on deep SSI incidence.
Machine learning applications in biomass supply chain management and optimization
Authors: Wang Jingxin
Published: August 2024

Forest and biomass resource utilization for bioenergy and bioproducts is crucial for mitigating climate change and promoting a sustainable bioeconomy. Given that the biomass supply chain is a complex system, one of the most concerning issues is selecting and using appropriate modeling and analytical technologies to optimize the advantages of multi-feedstock biomass supply chains. Machine learning (ML) can enhance biomass supply chain management (BSCM) efficiency and sustainability. It can address the complexities in cultivation, harvesting, preprocessing, storage, transportation, and conversion. ML workflows involve data collection, preprocessing, model training, and optimization, using algorithms for prediction and decision-making. Accurate supply and demand forecasting via ML improves production planning and inventory management. Despite its potential, ML applications in BSCM need to deal with challenges such as data availability and quality, interpretability of models, and their generalization capabilities. Overcoming such challenges requires interdisciplinary efforts in data management and model development to fully leverage ML’s applicability.
Incorporating artificial intelligence in palliative care: opportunities and challenges
Authors: Munive Jesus Utria
Published: August 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming the field of palliative care, offering innovative solutions that improve patients' quality of life and optimize clinical practice. Using technologies such as machine learning and natural language processing, AI makes it possible to analyze large amounts of clinical data to provide valuable insights and decision-making support. This article aims to examine the current applications of AI in palliative care, assess its potential benefits, analyze the associated ethical challenges, and explore prospects in this rapidly evolving field. In conclusion, AI offers unprecedented opportunities to improve palliative care, but it is crucial to address ethical and equity challenges to ensure fair benefits. The future of palliative care will depend on our ability to balance technological innovation with human values.
In silico study the interaction of heterocyclic bases with peptide moieties of proteins in “fragment-to-fragment” approach
Authors: Velihina Yevheniia S. ,   V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, 1 Murmanska St., Kyiv, 02094, Ukraine, Obernikhina Nataliya V. , Pilyo Stepan G. , Kachaeva Maryna V. , Kachkovsky Oleksiy D. ,   O.O. Bogomolets National Medical University, 13 Shevchenko Blvd., Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine,   V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, 1 Murmanska St., Kyiv, 02094, Ukraine; O.O. Bogomolets National Medical University, 13 Shevchenko Blvd., Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine,   V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, 1 Murmanska St., Kyiv, 02094, Ukraine; O.O. Bogomolets National Medical University, 13 Shevchenko Blvd., Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine,   V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, 1 Murmanska St., Kyiv, 02094, Ukraine; O.O. Bogomolets National Medical University, 13 Shevchenko Blvd., Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine,   V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, 1 Murmanska St., Kyiv, 02094, Ukraine; O.O. Bogomolets National Medical University, 13 Shevchenko Blvd., Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
Published: August 2024

The binding affinity of model peptide moieties (Pept) and heterocyclic bases involving 1,3-oxazoles that are condensed with pyridine and pyrimidine as pharmacophores (Pharm) was investigated in silico and analyzed within the “fragment-to-fragment” approach. The anellation of the heterocyclic rings increasing their acceptor properties is accompanied by gaining stability of the [Pharm-Pept] complexes formed by the p-stack interaction. It was found that elongation of the polypeptide chain led to a twofold increase of the stabilization energy of the [Pharm-Pept] complexes. The stability of the hydrogen bonding ([HB]) [Pharm-BioM] complexes formed by means of the interaction between the dicoordinated nitrogen atom of the heterocycle and the functional groups of peptide amino acids (-OH, -NH2, -SH) was evaluated. It was demonstrated that [HB]-complexes that were formed by hydrogen bonds formation with amino acid that contained OH groups had the largest stabilization effect. The anellation with pyridine and pyrimidine rings led to stability increase of the complexes formed by the hydrogen bonding mechanism. The binding energy of [HB]-complexes for compounds 2b and 3 with a "free" peptide bond of the extended part of the protein is lower compared to amino acids with OH-functional groups. On the contrary, the binding energy of compound 4 with peptides was 2 kcal/mol higher. Compound 4 demonstrated the most pronounced biological activity in vitro studies.
Як запобігати війнам?
Authors: Костенко Олександр Миколайович
Published: August 2024

Сьогодні в контексті воєнної агресії РФ проти України все більш очевидною стає істина: «краще запобігти війні, ніж потім воювати». Академічна наука не може залишатися осторонь проблеми гарантування безпеки людства, і наукова спільнота має виконати миротворчу місію — використати свій потенціал для пошуку шляхів вирішення глобального завдання із запобігання війнам. На основі власних досліджень автор робить, зокрема, такі висновки: виявлення з використанням методології соціального натуралізму причин, що породжують воєнну агресію, дозволяє прогнозувати ймовірність війни; здатність виявляти причини воєн відкриває можливості для запобігання їм; основним фактором запобігання воєнній агресії є культивування соціальної культури громадян, протидія їхній соціопатизації, яка й формує у людей «волю до війни» і зрештою спричиняє воєнну агресію..
Блокчейн у кібербезпеці: теорія і практичне застосування
Authors: Кудін Антон Михайлович
Published: August 2024

У доповіді зазначено, що використання блокчейн-технологій є одним із пріоритетних напрямів досліджень для вирішення завдань забезпечення кібербезпеки та захисту інформації. Найбільш перспективним застосуванням блокчейну для кіберзахисту можна вважати побудову ефективних протоколів узгодження, використання блокчейнів як елементів нових систем виявлення вторгнень та раннього попередження про кіберзагрози, побудову перспективних криптосистем на базі блокчейнів, пошук ефективних практичних рішень на основі блокчейн-технологій для завдань у галузі економіки і юриспруденції.
Efficacy of Antibiotic Regimens for Meningitis in Young Infants Aged 0–59 Days: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mathias Sitarah , North Krysten , Santana Alexandra , Britto Carl , Fung Alastair , Chou Roger , Wade Carrie G. , Edmond Karen M. , Lee Anne CC
Published: August 2024

CONTEXT

Meningitis is associated with high mortality risk in young infants, yet the optimal treatment regimen is unclear.

OBJECTIVES

To systematically evaluate the efficacy of antibiotic regimens to treat meningitis in young infants aged 0 to 59 days on critical clinical outcomes.

DATA SOURCES

MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, WHO Global Index Medicus, and Cochrane Central Registry of Trials.

STUDY SELECTION

We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of young infants with meningitis (population) comparing the efficacy of antibiotic regimens (interventions) with alternate regimens (control) on clinical outcomes.

DATA EXTRACTION

We extracted data on study characteristics and assessed risk of bias in duplicate. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation was used to assess certainty of evidence.

RESULTS

Of 1088 studies screened, only 2 RCTs were identified. They included 168 infants from 5 countries and were conducted between 1976 and 2015. Neither study compared current World Health Organization–recommended regimens. One multisite trial from 4 countries compared intrathecal gentamicin plus systemic ampicillin/gentamicin to systemic ampicillin/gentamicin and found no difference in mortality (relative risk, 0.88; 95% confidence interval, 0.41–1.53; 1 trial, n = 98, very low certainty of evidence) or adverse events (no events in either trial arm). Another trial in India compared a 10-day versus 14-day course of antibiotics and found no difference in mortality (relative risk, 0.51; 95% confidence interval, 0.04–4.53; 1 trial, n = 70, very low certainty of evidence) or other outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS

Trial data on the efficacy of antibiotic regimens in young infant meningitis are scarce. Rigorous RCTs are needed to inform recommendations for optimal antibiotic regimens for meningitis treatment in this vulnerable population, particularly within the context of changing epidemiology and increasing antimicrobial resistance.
Feminismos en la Universidad. Mapeando interrupciones de/en la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales/UNC
Authors: Scarpino Pascual , Coseani Daniela del Valle
Published: August 2024

Este trabajo presenta los resultados de una investigación diagnóstica sobre la implementación de la Política Institucional Feminista (PIF) desarrollada en el marco de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina. Con el fin de conocer el estado de situación, se trabajó con una revisión documental rigurosa y el análisis de dieciséis entrevistas semiestructuradas a informantes claves. En el presente artículo se organizan los hallazgos en torno al estado de implementación y dinámicas de la PIF, a partir de tres dimensiones: lo escrito, lo dicho y lo hecho sobre el tema en cuestión. En cada una de estas dimensiones, se aglutinan los resultados del mapeo documental y del análisis narrativo. Finalmente, se señalan tres consideraciones derivadas de la investigación: la polisemia en torno a la política institucional feminista, las rupturas que genera la asunción de tal apuesta en la dinámica institucional y el ensayo cotidiano como ética de un hacer feminista.
Cellular Response of Surface Functionalized Polymeric Fiber Mesh Coating Onto Dental Titanium Implants
Authors: Vázquez-Vázquez Febe Carolina , Arenas-Alatorre Jesús , Chavarría-Bolaños Daniel , Pozos-Guillén Amaury , Alvárez-Pérez Marco Antonio , Ortiz-Magdaleno Marine
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this in vitro study was to develop a polymeric nanofiber mesh coating for titanium implant surfaces and assess its contribution to the cellular response. Two types of dental implants TiUltraTM and TiUniteTM (Nobel Biocare) were coated with poly (lactic acid) nanofibers fabricated using the air-jet spinning technique (AJS). The morphology of the polymeric nanofibers was characterized by scanning electron micros­copy (SEM), and the biocompatibility was evaluated in terms of cell adhesion by using human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB). The cellular localization was observed under a fluorescent microscope, and the gene expression of Col 1, ALP, and OCN was evaluated by RT-PCR. The micrographs showed that the polymeric nanofiber coated the titaium (Ti) dental implant surfaces with a randomized deposition anchored between the depth of the threads, and well-interconnected pores were observed. Cell adhesion increased significantly (P<.05) more on the surfaces of Ti dental implants coated with the polymeric nanofiber mesh than on those not coated. After 21 days, the cell adhesion decreased significatively on the uncoated surfaces (P<.05). Col 1 and ALP genes showed a higher level of expression on dental implant surfaces coated with polymeric nanofibers mesh than on uncoated surfaces. Coating Ti dental implant surfaces with polymeric nanofiber mesh is a straightforward deposition technique for stimulating the cell response and improving the gene expression of osteogenic markers.
Kalman Filter for a Particular Class of Dynamic Object Images
Authors: Soifer Victor , Fursov Vladimir , Kharitonov Sergey
Published: August 2024

We discuss the problem of estimating the state of a dynamic object by using observed images generated by an optical system. The work aims to implement a novel approach that would ensure improved accuracy of dynamic object tracking using a sequence of images. We utilize a vector model that describes the object image as a limited number of vertexes (reference points). Upon imaging, the object of interest is assumed to be retained at the center of each frame, so that the motion parameters can be considered as projections onto the axes of a coordinate system matched with the camera's optical axis. The novelty of the approach is that the observed parameters (the distance along the optical axis and angular attitude) of the object are calculated using the coordinates of specified points in the object images. For estimating the object condition, a Kalman-Bucy filter is constructed on the assumption that the dynamic object motion is described by a set of equations for the translational motion of the center of mass along the optical axis and variations in the angular attitude relative to the image plane. The efficiency of the proposed method is illustrated by an example of estimating the object's angular attitude.
A Conception of Collaborative Decision Support Systems: Approach and Platform Architecture
Authors: Smirnov Alexander , Ponomarev Andrew , Shilov Nikolay , Levashova Tatiana , Teslya Nikolay
Published: August 2024

The paper describes a general conception of collaborative decision support systems, in which teams providing decision support a) are formed flexibly in accordance with the problem and b) consist of both human experts and intelligent agents implementing AI methods and techniques. An analysis of the key problems of creating collaborative decision support systems based on the collaboration of humans and AI is carried out, the following problems are highlighted: ensuring interoperability (mutual understanding) between heterogeneous team members, reconciling differing positions of participants, ensuring trust between participants, ensuring the effectiveness of joint actions planning and maintaining a balance between predefined workflows and self-organization. Principles for constructing such systems have been formed, offering solutions to the identified problems. In particular, it is proposed to employ an ontology-oriented representation of information about the problem (in the form of multi-aspect ontology), a set of methods for monitoring team activities, reputation scheme, elements of explainable AI, as well as mechanisms of limited self-organization. The proposed concept forms the basis of a software platform for the development of collaborative decision support systems, the main architectural provisions of which are also presented in the paper. The use of the platform is illustrated by an example from the field of rational management of road infrastructure and the creation of a collaborative DSS for the development of measures to reduce road accidents.
Investigating the Effect of Different Solving Methods in the Case of Inconsistent Compare Problem
Authors: Bartalis Ágnes , Zsoldos-Marchiş Iuliana , Gálfi Bernadette
Published: August 2024

Compare problems are the most difficult type of word problems among primary school students, especially inconsistent problems, when the relational term is not consistent with the arithmetic operation required for the solution. The present study examines whether different methods help students successfully solve them and how these approaches influence the reading pattern of the text of the problems. Participants are 50 pupils studying in 4th grade (10‐11 years old) divided into two treatment and one control group. In one treatment group the compare problems were solved using graphical representations. In the other treatment group, the focus was on the context of the problem. Eyetracking technology was used for studying the change in the reading pattern of the problem text, using a problem sheet with 6 inconsistent two-step compare problems for pre-test and a similar one for post-test. The findings suggest that the symbolic group, which prioritized focusing on the context, demonstrated the most substantial improvement in terms of performance, followed by the graphical representation group, and finally the control group, for which performance did not improve significantly by practicing these types of tasks. Meanwhile, there are no differences between groups in terms of attentional focus: the percentage of the reading time fixated on key elements (numbers, relational term and pronominal reference word) and context.
To improve the quality of communications in promoting low-rise construction products
Authors: Islamova Eliza , Samofeev Nikita , Cherednichenko Sofia , Tveryakov Anton , Shayakhmetov Timur
Published: August 2024

The low-rise construction market remains an attractive niche for various enterprises in the construction sector. Which is characterized by stable demand for suburban products in the construction industry. This is facilitated by a set of measures that take into account the improvement of both the credit and monetary policy in the country as a whole, and separate support for subjects in the low-rise construction industry.
In the Republic of Bashkortostan, as in many regions of the country, there has also been a steady increase in the capacity of the low-rise construction market, due to a sharp increase in prices in the sector of apartment buildings in cities, the emergence of financial risks in the economy, etc.
The authors note that with the growing demand for country houses in the Republic of Bashkortostan, many developers are faced with the problem of low sales due to poor communication channels with clients, the use of ineffective promotion tools, and due to ignoring the values of the target audience.
The objectives of the study are to identify the main problems of communication between developers of low-rise construction and buyers in the conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan and offer recommendations for solving them.
The work shows the author's approach to solving the problems of real estate promotion by construction companies, the values of the buyer of low-rise construction products are updated, which can later be used by various organizations to create a product that is in demand by the market.
The possibility of increasing the effectiveness of tools for promoting low-rise housing in the conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan is shown: the role of feedback from the buyer is noted; determining the value and significance of the product; reputation and image of development companies; individual and group work of realtors; socio-psychological communication, social networks and online communications.
«Tire trap» in the urban improvement of Tyumen: environmental, social and economic problems
Authors: Zatolokin Alexander , Petrov Yuriy
Published: August 2024

The authors of the study aim to assess the consequences of the introduction of legislation banning the use of tires in urban landscaping. The object of the study is Tyumen, which has been leading the national ratings in the field of landscaping for a long time. The use of tire material in urban landscaping, household decor and the interior of industrial premises has always been widely represented here. The research methodology is based on 3 classical stages: desk, field, analytical. At the desk level, relevant areas for field measurement were identified, an analysis was given of changes in the regulatory legal framework regarding the prohibition of the use of tires for household and household purposes. The information support of these organizational transformations in public discourse is also assessed: through the Internet information and communication network. At the field stage, the authors made a detour of the eastern neighborhoods of the city. The choice of the research area is due to the presence of a long-term practice of using tires for local historical features, as well as the rapid growth of new residential areas, which significantly increases the anthropogenic pressure, increases the contrast of the approaches of residents of different time periods to focus on the use of tires for private and industrial purposes. At the analytical stage, a geoinformation database of objects of detected illegal use of tires was created, also provided with an attributive description, a map and photographic materials. According to the results of the study, management solutions in the field of urban economy, life, and development are proposed. The basis of the proposals put forward reflects the territorial differentiation of the research area into microdistricts of active and passive use of tires in the urban interior, as well as the formation of appropriate information support for a campaign to reduce tire participation in the urban appearance.
Um ensaio prospectivo: do medo vigilante para a alegria potente
Authors: Andrade Viviane Toraci Alonso de , González Enrique Alonso
Published: August 2024

Propomos um exercício de reflexão e imaginação a partir de questões como: quais seriam outras possibilidades para o futuro? Que discursos substituiriam a razão neoliberal? Se hoje estamos focados no desejo individualista e na competição, que futuros poderíamos imaginar com seus opostos: colaboração, empatia e cuidado? Nosso fio condutor serão os conceitos de Afeto e Sentimento, que envolvem variáveis biológicas e sociais realizadas pelo corpo e nas sociedades humanas. Apresentamos os conceitos de afetos alegres e tristes do filósofo Baruch Spinoza e a ideia de uma busca pelo Conatus. A partir da filosofia, chegamos ao desenvolvimento do conhecimento científico sobre as emoções humanas com a psiquiatria de Freud, quando ele construiu sua teoria dos Impulsos de Vida e Impulsos de Morte. Chegamos ao século XXI com a neurociência de Damásio, que resgata Spinoza em sua obra, trazendo novamente as razões de nossas ações baseadas em emoções capazes de nos fazer sentir prazer ou dor. Ao discutirmos as imagens de futuros que pretendemos, podemos pensar na sua estreita ligação com os processos educativos formais, informais e não formais, constituindo o campo da educação como espaço privilegiado de formação de outras mentalidades e de circulação de sentimentos partilhados. Por isso, passamos a apresentar nossa visão a partir de uma perspectiva alegre e potente dos processos educativos. Propomos outra possibilidade para o futuro, do medo vigilante a alegria potente, centrando nossa ação na busca por afetos alegres e encontros potentes.